bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The occurrence of remitting seronegative symmetrical synovitis with pitting edema (RS3PE) after arthroplasty mimicking a periprosthetic joint infection: A case report and literature review
Authors: Araki Yoshihiro , Hirose Kei , Hirose Maki , Hayashi Katsuhiro , Demura Satoru 
Published: November 2024

Rationale:
As the elderly population grows, the number of joint arthroplasty surgeries is also increasing. Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a postoperative complication that occurs in 1%–2% of the arthroplasties. Once it occurs, PJI is refractory to treatment. Similar symptoms of PJI, including joint synovitis and elevated body temperature, sometimes arise because of crystal arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, or other inflammatory diseases. Precise diagnosis is essential for determining the optimal treatment strategy.

Patient concerns:
An 81-year-old female patient with a history of bilateral knee arthroplasty presented with a high fever of 38 °C and was unable to walk due to swelling and pain in the bilateral lower extremities. Infectious conditions, such as cellulitis or PJI, were suspected. Imaging findings revealed bilateral knee joint synovitis with pitting edema around the lower extremities, and cultures of bilateral joint fluids were negative. No crystals were observed in the joint fluid. Laboratory data revealed highly elevated levels of inflammatory marker; however, antinuclear antibodies, including rheumatoid factor and cyclic citrullinated peptide, were not detected.

Diagnoses:
Based on bilateral synovitis with pitting edema in the lower extremities, in addition to negative culture findings and normal antinuclear antibodies, the diagnosis of remitting seronegative symmetrical synovitis with pitting edema (RS3PE) was made.

Interventions:
Steroid therapy was performed. The dose was gradually reduced, with the improvement of the symptoms.

Outcomes:
The inflammatory reaction promptly decreased and then normalized. With improved inflammation, the symptoms of pitting edema, pain in the bilateral lower extremities, and fluid effusion of the knee joints were reduced. She was able to walk without a cane, and her activities of daily living fully recovered.

Lessons:
High fever and synovitis after joint arthroplasty do not necessarily indicate an infectious condition. Clinicians should be familiar with the occurrence of RS3PE, regardless of whether arthroplasty is performed.
Staying home when peritoneal dialysis ends: the integrated home dialysis approach
Authors: Pecce Alex , Belhumeur Léa , Nadeau-Fredette Annie-Claire 
Published: November 2024

Purpose of review
Home dialysis has been promoted for several years for patients starting dialysis. Although incident use of peritoneal dialysis (PD) and home hemodialysis (HHD) is increasing in several regions, patients on home dialysis remain at high risk of transfer to facility-hemodialysis (HD). The integrated home dialysis model, where patient start dialysis on PD and eventually transition to HHD when PD cannot be optimally continued has gain interest from dialysis stakeholders.

Recent findings
Transfers from PD to HHD are infrequently used among patients ending PD, representing between 2% and 6% of transfers to HD in registry studies. Nonetheless, this approach is associated with several clinical benefits as well as favorable cost-effectiveness.

Summary
In this review, we will present data pertaining to home dialysis and the integrated home dialysis model, with broad discussion of the implementation challenges, including identifying patients who could most benefit from this approach, timely planning of the transitions and challenges relating to unexpected PD endings.
Vascular changes in vascularized composite allotransplantation
Authors: Song Ethan Y. , Barrow Brooke E. , Cendales Linda C. 
Published: November 2024

Purpose of review
Allograft vasculopathy in vascularized composite allografts (VCA) remains understudied. This review explores the vascular changes in VCA, focused on recent literature.

Recent findings
Allograft vasculopathy in VCA generally includes progressive concentric myointimal thickening and luminal narrowing of arterial vessels through endothelial deterioration and proliferation of smooth muscle cells. Microvascular changes are also noted, with thrombosis and lumen narrowing in microvessels of the skin even in the absence of large vessel vasculopathy. Histopathologic reports of skin containing VCA rejection document arteriosclerosis in deep vessels that are not always reflected in skin punch biopsies. The first revision of the Banff VCA scoring system 2022 was developed to include vascular changes in VCA. The scoring system for chronic changes and antibody mediated rejection continues to be under development.

Summary
The study of vascular changes in VCA continues to progress. Important data and advances in experimental and clinical VCA have been reported and continue to take place. Challenges ahead include capture of clinical data that will evolve beyond transient report forms and approaching on the problem of graft failure well grounded in sound scientific methodology.
Barriers to Family History Collection and Family Medical Screening Recommendation in the Sudden Death in the Young Case Registry
Authors: Machek Bailey , Buck Cassandra , MacLeod Heather , Keywan Christine 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Sudden death in the young (SDY) poses a public health problem affecting thousands of individuals annually in the United States. The SDY Case Registry utilizes existing infrastructure of death investigation programs, including medical examiner/coroner (ME/C) systems, to enhance understanding of SDY causes and risk factors to inform prevention strategies. This includes identifying and promoting screening recommendations for at-risk family members. To explore barriers to family history collection and familial screening recommendation procedures across Registry sites, nine individuals from seven SDY sites were interviewed. Interviews focused on logistics, methods to address barriers, and recommendations for improvements. Despite variability in practices, data analysis revealed three common themes related to barriers of these processes: (1) timing and grief, (2) lack of family history in medical records, and (3) families lost to follow-up. This study offers insights into these processes within the Registry and sheds light on broader practices within the death investigation domain. Data analysis led to recommendations for the improvement of these practices including the prioritization of three key family history questions during the initial death investigation by a designated individual in each office/system.
The Effects of Perioperative Gender-affirming Hormone Therapy on Facial Feminization Surgery Adverse Events, Facial Features Addressed, and Esthetic Satisfaction: A Multimodal Analysis
Authors: Laspro Matteo , Hoffman Alexandra , Chinta Sachin , Abdalla Jasmina , Tran David , Oh Cheongeun , Robinson Isabel , Rodriguez Eduardo D. 
Published: November 2024

Objective:
Facial feminization surgery (FFS) treats gender dysphoria in transfeminine patients by addressing the facial bony and soft tissue components. Individuals seeking FFS may be taking gender-affirming hormone replacement therapy [gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT)]. This study aims to better characterize the GAHT’s impact on venous thromboembolism (VTE) risk, surgical planning, and outcomes.

Methods:
A systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature were carried out to assess the effect of perioperative GAHT continuation on VTE. Cochrane Q and I
2 statistics measured study heterogeneity with the following meta-regression exploring these results. Simultaneously, a retrospective review of the senior author’s FFS cohort was conducted to investigate GAHT duration’s impact on FFS revision rate, complication incidence, and facial structures operated on.

Results:
Eleven articles were included: 602 patients stopped GAHT, of whom 3 VTEs were recorded (0.49%). This is compared with one episode among the 925 who continued GAHT perioperatively (0.11%). Study heterogeneity was low (0%), but limited VTE sample size precluded meta-analytic conclusions. Gender-affirming hormone therapy duration does not impact the incidence of all-cause complications (P = 0.478), wound infection (P = 0.283), hematoma (P = 0.283), or VTE (P = 1). The only procedures significantly less associated with higher GAHT were tracheal shaving (P = 0.002) and mandibuloplasty (P = 0.003). Finally, the FFS revision rate was not associated with GAHT duration (P = 0.06).

Conclusion:
There is a paucity of data to assess the safety or harm of continuing GAHT in the FFS perioperative period. Thus, a shared provider-patient decision-making process examining the risks and benefits of GAHT perioperative continuation is warranted. As patients seeking gender-affirming care are diverse, a “one-protocol-fits-all” is not appropriate.
Early integration of palliative care in haemato-oncology: latest developments
Authors: Papadopoulou Constantina , Johnston Bridget 
Published: November 2024

Purpose of review
This review aimed to explore recent progress made in the past five years towards early access to, and integration of palliative care services within the haemato-oncology context to address the unique needs of patients with Haematological malignancies (HMs).

Recent findings
We included 14 articles in our review. We identified three themes, namely (i) disparities in the timing of referrals remain, (ii) specialist palliative care and impact on quality of life and (iii) perceptions on early integration. Patients with HM, receive less palliative care services, regardless of their higher symptom burden compared to patients with solid tumours. Structured approaches and models of early integration have shown substantial benefits, including improved pain and symptom management, shorter hospital stays and better end of life planning. Perceptions on existing barriers include the curative treatment focus, haematologists’ personal perceptions on timing of palliative care and lack of palliative care training.

Summary
For early integration to happen, it is crucial to address training gaps, improve communication skills, and foster interdisciplinary collaboration. Standardised organisational pathways can facilitate early and concurrent palliative care integration. System-level flexibility and supportive policies are essential to ensure that patients with HM receive comprehensive and high-quality care.
Decarbonizing the global steel industry in a resource-constrained future—a systems perspective
Authors: Watari Takuma , McLellan Benjamin 
Published: November 2024

Decarbonizing the global steel industry hinges on three key limited resources: geological carbon storage, zero-emission electricity and end-of-life scrap. Existing system analysis calls for an accelerated expansion of the supply of these resources to meet the assumed ever-increasing steel demand. In this study, we propose a different view on how to decarbonize the global steel industry, based on the principle that resource supply can only expand in line with historical trends and actual construction plans. Our analysis shows that global steel production cannot grow any further within a Paris-compatible carbon budget, resulting in a shortfall of approximately 30% against 2050 demand. This trajectory involves the phasing out of blast furnaces, along with strong growth in scrap recycling and hydrogen-based production. These findings highlight critical yet often overlooked challenges: (i) reducing excess demand while providing essential services, (ii) producing high-grade steel through upcycling scrap, and (iii) ensuring an equitable distribution of limited production across the globe. These perspectives contrast with those of the current agenda, which largely emphasizes the need to invest in new production technologies. Grounded in a physical basis, this analysis offers a complementary perspective for a more balanced debate in policymaking and industrial strategy.
This article is part of the discussion meeting issue ‘Sustainable metals: science and systems’.
Supply security beyond mines and scrap recycling: valorization potential of metallurgical residues
Authors: Steinlechner Stefan , Witt Kerrin 
Published: November 2024

In the context of the European Critical Raw Materials Act, this work attempts to demonstrate the potential of residual material flows from non-ferrous metallurgy and their possible contribution to the supply security of metals by locally available new secondary resources, assuming technically and economically viable processing. Based on the aluminium, zinc, copper and lead industries, the resulting waste streams are discussed and, in particular, the complex process consisting of physical, chemical and metallurgical steps is described. Their diversity, be it slags, dusts or even sludges, has a wide variety of morphologies and compositions due to the process of generation. In the past, many concepts for reprocessing were investigated, but the goal was usually only the recovery of one target element or to avoid landfilling by using it, for example, as a building material, whereby the metals contained are completely lost. If the target is the extraction of valuables, the required interdisciplinary process development must be based on an in-depth characterization to understand the behaviour of metals and trace elements in possible extraction steps and also to develop suitable strategies for influencing the behaviour of target elements with the aim of extraction. This starts with an in-depth comprehension of the formation process, which is the subject of this article and has a direct influence on the composition and morphology of the materials, thus forming the basis for understanding the behaviour in potential recycling processes. Furthermore, typical compositions of the residual material streams, sources and, if available, quantities are shown and, in summary, an attempt is made to evaluate the materials in a SWOT analysis and to address the challenges in developing extraction steps for processing. While mine tailings are mostly found outside of Europe, the potential of the residual materials from metallurgy is local due to the processing of the concentrates in Europe. This leads to several potential advantages in a possible reprocessing, such as no or shorter transport routes, which is linked to lower quantity of emissions, defined volume and known composition, no geopolitical risk, conservation of primary resources, and increasing Europe’s sustainability through a more comprehensive use of the raw materials.
This article is part of the discussion meeting issue ‘Sustainable metals: science and systems’.
System analysis with life cycle assessment for NiMH battery recycling
Authors: Korkmaz Kivanc , Junestedt Christian , Elginoz Nilay , Almemark Mats , Svärd Michael , Rasmuson Åke C. , Forsberg Kerstin M. 
Published: November 2024

The nickel metal hydride (NiMH) battery technology has been designed for use in electric vehicles, solar-powered applications and power tools. These batteries contain the critical and strategic raw materials cobalt, nickel and several rare earth elements (REE). When designing a battery recycling process, there are several choices to be made regarding end-products and process chemicals. The aim of this study is to investigate and compare the environmental and economic sustainability of different recycling options for NiMH batteries by taking projected market developments into consideration and by applying life cycle assessment and life cycle costing methods. The comparative study is limited to recovery of the REEs. Two hydrometallurgical processes for recovery of the REEs from the anode material are compared with extraction of REEs from primary sources in China. The processes compared are a high-temperature sulfation roasting process and a process based on hydrochloric acid leaching followed by precipitation of REE oxalates. By comparing the different recycling approaches, the hydrochloric acid process performs best. However, the use of oxalic acid has a large impact on the overall sustainability footprint. For the sulfation roasting process, the energy, sodium hydroxide and sulphuric acid consumption contribute most to the total environmental footprint.
This article is part of the discussion meeting issue 'Sustainable metals: science and systems'.
Sustainable metals: integrating science and systems approaches
Authors: Allwood Julian M. , Raabe Dierk 
Published: November 2024

This article introduces a special issue of the transactions arising from a Royal Society Discussion Meeting on ‘sustainable metals’. Recognizing that progress to date toward the goals of ‘sustainability’ has been limited, the meeting aimed to open up a new level of interdisciplinary dialogue, collaboration and discussion of disruptive approaches. In this paper, the major concerns of sustainability are enumerated, and climate change is identified as the most urgent. The constraints on deploying technical innovations at scale and speed are discussed, suggesting that much of the required change will require using existing technologies differently, and many opportunities of this type have been overlooked. These constraints also give useful direction for future research and suggest an expanded future role for scientists. Previously, scientists and technologists have aimed largely to ‘solve’ problems in sustainability through invention. This introductory paper argues that they have an equally important role as participants in the complex societal discussions required to identify pathways to change. Scientific expertise is as important for explaining what cannot be achieved in time or at scale, as it is for promoting the excitement of invention.
This article is part of the discussion meeting issue ‘Sustainable metals: science and systems’.
CLOZAPINE-RELATED BRAINNRN1EXPRESSION PATTERNS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH METHYLATION AND GENETIC VARIANTS IN SCHIZOPHRENIA
Authors: Almodóvar-Payá Carmen , Moreno Marcos , Guardiola-Ripoll Maria , Latorre-Guardia Mariona , Morentin Benito , Garcia-Ruíz Beatriz , Pomarol-Clotet Edith , Callado Luis F. , Gallego Carme , Fatjó-Vilas Mar 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe Neuritin-1 gene (NRN1), involved in neurodevelopment and synaptic plasticity, is associated with schizophrenia (SZ) and related clinical, cognitive, and neuroimaging phenotypes. Additionally, it is one of the most differentially methylated genes in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) in SZ and is responsive to neurotherapeutic agents. We aimed to investigateNRN1’s molecular mechanisms in SZ by analyzing its expression, methylation, and genotypic profiles in PFC and hippocampus (HIPP) post-mortem samples from 30 control (CTL) subjects and 20 individuals with SZ (10 treated with clozapine, SZ-Clz, and 10 without antipsychotic drugs at death, SZ-ApFree). We comparedthe NRN1mRNA expression between groups, measured by qPCR, and methylation levels across three CpG islands, assessed through EpiTYPER. Sparse Partial Least Square Discriminant Analysis identified key CpG units contributing to group differences. We then explored the relationship betweenNRN1methylation and expression, considering the influence of 11 polymorphisms genotyped by qPCR. We found that SZ-Clz had lowerNRN1mRNA levels in the PFC than SZ-ApFree and CTL. SZ-Clz presented distinct methylation patterns across multiple CpG units in both brain regions compared to CTL. In the PFC, the methylation of the CpG units differentiating SZ-Clz from CTL correlated toNRN1expression, and theNRN1-rs12333117 andNRN1-rs2208870 polymorphisms influenced this effect. These findings reveal distinct correlations betweenNRN1epigenetic expression in SZ-Clz and CTL, shaped by genotypic variability. They emphasize region-specific alterations in SZ and underscore the importance of integrative approaches for a better understanding of the role of candidate genes in SZ etiology.
The Basel Long COVID Cohort Study (BALCoS): protocol of a prospective cohort study
Authors: Rohner Stefan , Schnepper Rebekka , Meinlschmidt Gunther , Schaefert Rainer , Mayr Michael , Bopp Katrin , Meienberg Andrea 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionThe recent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic had a devasting global impact. Many people suffered from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and some experienced persistent symptoms interrupting their lives even further. The World Health Organization (WHO) defined the condition of these persistent symptoms as post-COVID-19 condition (PCC). The most prevalent PCC symptoms are fatigue, dyspnea, sleep disturbances, coughing, anosmia and ageusia, chest pain, and headaches. This article describes the protocol of the Basel Long COVID Cohort Study (BALCoS), which aims at fostering understanding of PCC and investigating underlying mechanisms for the development and course of the condition by focusing on participants’ health status and symptoms with repeated measures over one year.Methods and analysisBALCoS is a prospective single site cohort study. Inclusion criteria are a confirmed PCC diagnosis according to WHO or a subjective attribution of persistent symptoms to PCC, proficiency in German to follow study procedures, and at least 18 years of age. It comprises blood sample collections, standardized neurocognitive and psychometric tests, physical performance measures, and ecological momentary assessments (EMAs). Standardized tests and EMAs are administered at baseline (BL), and at 3-, 6-, and 12-months follow-up. At BL and 12-month follow-up, physical performance and neurocognitive abilities are assessed. Participants provide blood samples at BL. The study is exploratory in nature and a sample size of at least 120 participants is targeted. The study is part of a larger Horizon Europe Long COVID project combining mechanistic, clinical, and intervention studies within an interdisciplinary European research consortium.Ethics and disseminationThe Ethics Commission of Northwest and Central Switzerland approved the study (BASEC-ID: 2023-00359), which is registered atClinicalTrial.gov(ID:NCT05781893). All participants provide written informed consent. Key results from the study will be published in peer-reviewed journals.Funding DetailsBALCoS is primarily funded by the Swiss State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation (SERI) under contract number 22.00094 in the context of the European Union’s Horizon Europe research and innovation program under grant agreement No. 101057553.