bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Scientific Basis for Eccentric Quasi-Isometric Resistance Training: A Narrative Review
Authors: Oranchuk Dustin J. , Storey Adam G. , Nelson André R. , Cronin John B. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractOranchuk, DJ, Storey, AG, Nelson, AR, and Cronin, JB. The scientific basis for eccentric quasi-isometric resistance training: A narrative review.J Strength Cond Res33(10): 2846–2859, 2019—Eccentric quasi-isometric (EQI) resistance training involves holding a submaximal, yielding isometric contraction until fatigue causes muscle lengthening and then maximally resisting through a range of motion. Practitioners contend that EQI contractions are a powerful tool for the development of several physical qualities important to health and sports performance. In addition, several sports involve regular quasi-isometric contractions for optimal performance. Therefore, the primary objective of this review was to synthesize and critically analyze relevant biological, physiological, and biomechanical research and develop a rationale for the value of EQI training. In addition, this review offers potential practical applications and highlights future areas of research. Although there is a paucity of research investigating EQIs, the literature on responses to traditional contraction types is vast. Based on the relevant literature, EQIs may provide a practical means of increasing total volume, metabolite build-up, and hormonal signaling factors while safely enduring large quantities of mechanical tension with low levels of peak torque. Conversely, EQI contractions likely hold little neuromuscular specificity to high velocity or power movements. Therefore, EQI training seems to be effective for improving musculotendinous morphological and performance variables with low injury risk. Although speculative due to the limited specific literature, available evidence suggests a case for future experimentation.
Three DNA Polymorphisms Previously Identified as Markers for Handgrip Strength Are Associated With Strength in Weightlifters and Muscle Fiber Hypertrophy
Authors: Grishina Elina E. , Zmijewski Piotr , Semenova Ekaterina A. , Cięszczyk Paweł , Humińska-Lisowska Kinga , Michałowska-Sawczyn Monika , Maculewicz Ewelina , Crewther Blair , Orysiak Joanna , Kostryukova Elena S. , Kulemin Nickolay A. , Borisov Oleg V. , Khabibova Sofya A. , Larin Andrey K. , Pavlenko Alexander V. , Lyubaeva Ekaterina V. , Popov Daniil V. , Lysenko Evgeny A. , Vepkhvadze Tatiana F. , Lednev Egor M. , Bondareva Elvira A. , Erskine Robert M. , Generozov Edward V. , Ahmetov Ildus I. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Grishina, EE, Zmijewski, P, Semenova, EA, Cięszczyk, P, Humińska-Lisowska, K, Michałowska-Sawczyn, M, Maculewicz, E, Crewther, B, Orysiak, J, Kostryukova, ES, Kulemin, NA, Borisov, OV, Khabibova, SA, Larin, AK, Pavlenko, AV, Lyubaeva, EV, Popov, DV, Lysenko, EA, Vepkhvadze, TF, Lednev, EM, Bondareva, EA, Erskine, RM, Generozov, EV, and Ahmetov, II. Three DNA polymorphisms previously identified as markers for handgrip strength are associated with strength in weightlifters and muscle fiber hypertrophy. J Strength Cond Res 33(10): 2602–2607, 2019—Muscle strength is a highly heritable trait. So far, 196 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with handgrip strength have been identified in 3 genome-wide association studies. The aim of our study was to validate the association of 35 SNPs with strength of elite Russian weightlifters and replicate the study in Polish weightlifters. Genotyping was performed using micro-array analysis or real-time polymerase chain reaction. We found that the rs12055409 G-allele near the MLN gene (p = 0.004), the rs4626333 G-allele near the ZNF608 gene (p = 0.0338), and the rs2273555 A-allele in the GBF1 gene (p = 0.0099) were associated with greater competition results (total lifts in snatch and clean and jerk adjusted for sex and weight) in 53 elite Russian weightlifters. In the replication study of 76 sub-elite Polish weightlifters, rs4626333 GG homozygotes demonstrated greater competition results (p = 0.0155) and relative muscle mass (p = 0.046), adjusted for sex, weight, and age, compared with carriers of the A-allele. In the following studies, we tested the hypotheses that these SNPs would be associated with skeletal muscle hypertrophy and handgrip strength. We found that the number of strength-associated alleles was positively associated with fast-twitch muscle fiber cross-sectional area in the independent cohort of 20 male power athletes (p = 0.021) and with handgrip strength in 87 physically active individuals (p = 0.015). In conclusion, by replicating previous findings in 4 independent studies, we demonstrate that the rs12055409 G-, rs4626333 G-, and rs2273555 A-alleles are associated with higher levels of strength, muscle mass, and muscle fiber size.
Acute Effects of “Composite” Training on Neuromuscular and Fast Stretch-Shortening Cycle Drop Jump Performance in Hurling Players
Authors: Byrne Paul J. , Moody Jeremy A. , Cooper Stephen-Mark , Kinsella Sharon 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Byrne, PJ, Moody, JA, Cooper, SM, and Kinsella, S. Acute effects of “composite” training on neuromuscular and fast stretch-shortening cycle drop jump performance in hurling players. J Strength Cond Res 35(12): 3474–3481, 2021—“Composite” training is a term developed by the authors and defined as the combination of a plyometric exercise with an explosive activity such as a sprint run, performed as a “combined repetition”/session. The purposes of this study were to investigate the acute effect of a “composite” training session on neuromuscular and fast stretch-shortening cycle bounce drop jumps (BDJs) in hurling players' immediately, after session, and after 7 days of recovery. Eight hurling players first completed a drop jump test to identify individual BDJ drop height, followed 72 hours later with a single “composite” training session. Three repetition maximum (3RM) back squat strength, BDJ, countermovement jump (CMJ), and sprint performance testing were performed 10 minutes before and immediately after session and 7 days after session. An analysis of variance reported a significant decrease in CMJ measures (height, velocity, and eccentric rate of force development) and sprint performance from presession to postsession (p ≤ 0.05). Moreover, a significant increase was evident for CMJ performance (height and power), sprint performance (5 and 20 m), 3RM back squat strength, and BDJ performance (reactive strength index and height) from postsession to post–7-day recovery (p ≤ 0.05). Pairwise comparisons indicated that absolute and relative 3RM strength significantly increased from presession to post–7 days (absolute 3RM: p = 0.0001; relative 3RM: p = 0.01). The findings indicate that “composite” training results in an immediate decline in CMJ measures after session possibly due to acute muscle fatigue, and supercompensation augments maximum lower-limb strength after 7 days of recovery.
Evaluation of Cement Paste Cylinder Preparation Methods for Mechanical Property Measurements
Authors: Hansen Bradley S. , Howard Isaac L. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Testing cement paste (CP) cylinders for thermal, mechanical, or both properties has gained some recent traction, with thermal methods (e.g., the recently completed ASTM C1753) being more developed than mechanical property assessments. CP contains water, cementitious materials, and sometimes admixtures; no sand or aggregates. Currently there is no standard production method for CP cylinders. As such, the objectives of this article are to assess the variability of CP mechanical properties from multiple methods and then recommend a CP cylinder preparation method considering overall properties and variability. The recommended method prepares specimen tops in a similar manner to one common method for concrete cylinders (i.e., strike off the specimen top). The rationale for selecting this approach was this method produced essentially the same average compressive strength as existing approaches but with slightly less variability and no extra effort. The proposed method had compressive strength coefficients of variations of 17 % or less when specimens were tested within 0.5 hours of removal from moist curing. The proposed method is able to produce specimens with density and moisture content coefficients of variation of less than 1 %.
p110δ PI3-Kinase Inhibition Perturbs APP and TNFα Trafficking, Reduces Plaque Burden, Dampens Neuroinflammation, and Prevents Cognitive Decline in an Alzheimer's Disease Mouse Model
Authors: Martínez-Mármol Ramón , Mohannak Nika , Qian Lei , Wang Tong , Gormal Rachel S. , Ruitenberg Marc J. , Vanhaesebroeck Bart , Coulson Elizabeth J. , Meunier Frédéric A. 
Published: July 2019

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with the cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) to produce the toxic amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide. Accumulation of Aβ, together with the concomitant inflammatory response, ultimately leads to neuronal death and cognitive decline. Despite AD progression being underpinned by both neuronal and immunological components, therapeutic strategies based on dual targeting of these systems remains unexplored. Here, we report that inactivation of the p110δ isoform of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) reduces anterograde axonal trafficking of APP in hippocampal neurons and dampens secretion of the inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha by microglial cells in the familial AD APPswe/PS1ΔE9(APP/PS1) mouse model. Moreover, APP/PS1 mice with kinase-inactive PI3Kδ (δD910A) had reduced Aβ peptides levels and plaques in the brain and an abrogated inflammatory response compared with APP/PS1 littermates. Mechanistic investigations reveal that PI3Kδ inhibition decreases the axonal transport of APP by eliciting the formation of highly elongated tubular-shaped APP-containing carriers, reducing the levels of secreted Aβ peptide. Importantly, APP/PS1/δD910Amice exhibited no spatial learning or memory deficits. Our data highlight inhibition of PI3Kδ as a new approach to protect against AD pathology due to its dual action of dampening microglial-dependent neuroinflammation and reducing plaque burden by inhibition of neuronal APP trafficking and processing.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTDuring Alzheimer's disease (AD), the accumulation of the toxic amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide in plaques is associated with a chronic excessive inflammatory response. Uncovering new drug targets that simultaneously reduce both Aβ plaque load and neuroinflammation holds therapeutic promise. Using a combination of genetic and pharmacological approaches, we found that the p110δ isoform of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) is involved in anterograde trafficking of the amyloid precursor protein in neurons and in the secretion of tumor necrosis factor-alpha from microglial cells. Genetic inactivation of PI3Kδ reduces Aβ plaque deposition and abrogates the inflammatory response, resulting in a complete rescue of the life span and spatial memory performance. We conclude that inhibiting PI3Kδ represents a novel therapeutic approach to ameliorate AD pathology by dampening plaque accumulation and microglial-dependent neuroinflammation.
Мудрість як форма інтелектуальної зрілості
Authors: Міщиха Лариса 
Published: July 2019

У статті здійснено теоретичний аналіз дефініції «мудрість»; розкривається її зміс­тово-смислове наповнення. Мудрість розглядається автором як інтелектуально-мо­раль­на особистісна складова. Піднімається проблема співвідношення понять «розум­ність» – «мудрість».
На основі емпіричного дослідження здійснено порівняльний аналіз інтерпретацій вищезгаданого поняття між різними віковими категоріями осіб, зокрема, майбутніми психологами (студентами) та людьми старшого віку.
Genome Size Evolution Differs BetweenDrosophilaSubgenera with Striking Differences in Male and Female Genome Size inSophophora
Authors: Hjelmen Carl E , Blackmon Heath , Holmes V Renee , Burrus Crystal G , Johnston J Spencer 
Published: July 2019

AbstractGenome size varies across the tree of life, with no clear correlation to organismal complexity or coding sequence, but with differences in non-coding regions. Phylogenetic methods have recently been incorporated to further disentangle this enigma, yet most of these studies have focused on widely diverged species. Few have compared patterns of genome size change in closely related species with known structural differences in the genome. As a consequence, the relationship between genome size and differences in chromosome number or inter-sexual differences attributed to XY systems are largely unstudied. We hypothesize that structural differences associated with chromosome number and X-Y chromosome differentiation, should result in differing rates and patterns of genome size change. In this study, we utilize the subgenera within the Drosophila to ask if patterns and rates of genome size change differ between closely related species with differences in chromosome numbers and states of the XY system. Genome sizes for males and females of 152 species are used to answer these questions (with 92 newly added or updated estimates). While we find no relationship between chromosome number and genome size or chromosome number and inter-sexual differences in genome size, we find evidence for differing patterns of genome size change between the subgenera, and increasing rates of change throughout time. Estimated shifts in rates of change in sex differences in genome size occur more often in Sophophora and correspond to known neo-sex events.
The Hippo Pathway Is Essential for Maintenance of Apicobasal Polarity in the Growing Intestine of Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Lee Hanee , Kang Junsu , Ahn Soungyub , Lee Junho 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Although multiple determinants for establishing polarity in membranes of epithelial cells have been identified, the mechanism for maintaining apicobasal polarity is not fully understood. Here, we show that the conserved Hippo kinase pathway plays a role in the maintenance of apicobasal polarity in the developing intestine of Caenorhabditis elegans. We screened suppressors of the mutation in wts-1—the gene that encodes the LATS kinase homolog, deficiency of which leads to disturbance of the apicobasal polarity of the intestinal cells and to eventual death of the organism. We identified several alleles of yap-1 and egl-44 that suppress the effects of this mutation. yap-1 encodes a homolog of YAP/Yki, and egl-44 encodes a homolog of TEAD/Sd. WTS-1 bound directly to YAP-1 and inhibited its nuclear accumulation in intestinal cells. We also found that NFM-1, which is a homolog of NF2/Merlin, functioned in the same genetic pathway as WTS-1 to regulate YAP-1 to maintain cellular polarity. Transcriptome analysis identified several target candidates of the YAP-1-EGL-44 complex including TAT-2, which encodes a putative P-type ATPase. In summary, we have delineated the conserved Hippo pathway in C. elegans consisting of NFM-1-WTS-1-YAP-1-EGL-44 and proved that the proper regulation of YAP-1 by upstream NFM-1 and WTS-1 is essential for maintenance of apicobasal membrane identities of the growing intestine.
KAMU ÖZEL SEKTÖR ORTAKLIĞI VE KREDİ YURTLAR KURUMU UYGULAMASI: ÇANAKKALE İLİ ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: KENANOĞLU Mehmet Emin 
Published: July 2019

Kamu Özel Sektör Ortaklığı modeli kamu yatırımlarından kaynaklanan maliyetlerin azaltılması, özel sektörün konforunun kamu hizmetinde yaşatılması, riskin etkin dağıtılması, devletin sunacağı mal ve hizmetlerin yapım işlerinin bütçe yetersizliği nedeniyle ertelenmesinin veya yapılamamasının önüne geçmesi gibi birçok fayda doğurmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Kamu Özel Sektör Ortaklığı modeli ile kiralanan Kredi Yurtlar Kurumu yurtlarındaki durum incelenmiştir. Araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemi olarak derinlemesine görüşme tekniği kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın katılımcılarını, Çanakkale ilindeki Kredi Yurtlar Kurumu yurtlarının yöneticileri oluşturmaktadır. Yöneticiler ile yapılan görüşmeler neticesinde Kamu Özel Sektör Ortaklığı modeli ile kiralanan yurtların özellikleri, nitelikleri, ortaya çıkardığı etkileri, olumlu ve olumsuz yanları gibi durumların ortaya konması amaçlanmıştır. Literatürde yurt yapımında Kamu Özel Sektör Ortaklığı modelinin kullanılmasını konu alan spesifik bir çalışmanın olmaması ise çalışmanın önemini arttırmaktadır.
Anahtar Sözcükler : Kamu Özel Sektör Ortaklığı, Kredi Yurtlar Kurumu, Çanakkale.
JEL Kodları : H20, H52.
Traumatic Popliteal and Infrapopliteal Arterial Injuries (Findings, Risk Factors and Treatment)
Authors: AKAR İlker 
Published: July 2019

OBJECTIVE:
Limb loss following popliteal and infrapopliteal traumatic arterial injury has serious implications on the
patient’s life and functionality. The
objective of this study is to review popliteal and infrapopliteal arterial
injuries treated in our clinic retrospectively.MATERIAL
AND METHODS: Between January
2012 and November 2018; 30 patients whom
underwent emergency surgery due to traumatic popliteal and infrapopliteal
arterial injuries were analyzed. RESULTS: There were 27 (90%) males and 3 (10%) females. The
mechanism of injuries was stab wounds in 43% of the cases (Group 1), had
gunshot wounds in 23,3% (Group 2) and blunt trauma in 33.3% (Group 3). The mean MESS
score was 3.90 in all cases, while it was 3.15±1.57 in
Group 1, 4±0.82
in Group 2 and 4.8±1.32 in Group 3. All 3 cases of amputation were resulted
from blunt trauma. A shorter length of hospitalization was observed in patients
with stab wounds compared to other
injury types (p&lt;0.001). Primary
repair was performed in 8 (20.5%),
reverse saphenous vein interposition in 20 (51.2%), and ligation was in 11
cases (28.2%). Compartment syndrome was developed in one patient in Group 1, 4
patients in Group 2 and 1 in Group 3. Three patients undergoing amputation were
in group 3.

CONCLUSION: It is important to provide accurate and
rapid diagnosis by physical examination and appropriate imaging methods and to
provide revascularization by appropriate methods and to perform fasciotomy,
when necessary, in order to save the patient and related extremity.
Visseral adipozite indeksi ile koroner arter hastalığı arasındaki ilişki
Authors: TURAN Yasar , DEMİR Vahit 
Published: July 2019

Amaç: Koroner
arter hastalığı (KAH) tüm dünyada morbidite ve mortalitenin önemli bir
nedenidir. KAH riski açısından visseral adipozite, tek başına kilo
fazlalığından daha değerli bir göstergedir. Biz bu çalışmada, tanı amaçlı
elektif koroner anjiyografi yapılan hastalarda visseral adipozite indeksi (VAİ)
ile KAH varlığı ve ciddiyeti arasındaki ilişkiyi değerlendirmeyi amaçladık.Yöntem: Bu
retrospektif çalışmada, kliniğimizde Ocak 2018 – Aralık 2018 tarihleri arasında
tanısal koroner anjiyografi uygulanan 120 hastanın verileri kullanıldı. Koroner
anjiyografiler geriye dönük olarak incelendi. En az bir koroner arterinde %50
ve üzerinde darlığı olan hastalar KAH grubuna (n=75), belirgin koroner darlığı
olmayan hastalar (n=45) kontrol grubuna alındı. Hastaların demografik
özellikleri, boy, kilo, bel çevreleri ve tetkik sonuçları kaydedildi. VAİ
skorları kadın ve erkek hastalar için ayrı ayrı hesaplandı.Bulgular: Kontrol
grubu ile karşılaştırıldığında, açlık serum glukoz (p=0.025) ve VAİ (p = 0.014)
KAH grubunda anlamlı olarak yüksek bulundu. KAH grubunda SYNTAX skoru, açlık
glukoz (p = 0.011), trigliserid (p = 0.048) ve VAİ (p=0.003) ile pozitif olarak
korele idi. Çok değişkenli doğrusal regresyon analizinde, açlık serum glukozu (p=0.012) ve VAİ (p =0.008)
SYNTAX
skorunun bağımsız prediktörü olarak tespit edildi. Sonuç: Koroner
arter hastalığının takibinde değiştirilebilir risk faktörlerinin belirlenmesi
ve yönetimi çok önemlidir. Basit bir skorlama olan VAİ, KAH riskini belirlemek için kullanışlı bir
yöntem olabilir.

Anahtar Sözcükler: Koroner
arter hastalığı; Obezite; Visseral adipozite
Teams with lower injury rates have greater success in the Currie Cup rugby union competition
Authors: Starling L 
Published: July 2019

Background: Professional football teams that rank high on the log at the end of the season generally have fewer injuries than teams that rank lower on the log. This highlights the importance of implementing injury prevention measures, not only to protect player welfare and ensure their longevity in the sport, but also to improve the performance of the team. The association between a low incidence of injury and superior performance during a season may be even more relevant in sports with a higher incidence of injury than football, such as rugby union.
Discussion: To examine this association in the South African Currie Cup rugby union competition, time-loss (≥ 1 day training/match play missed) injury data and final position in the competition was examined over five-seasons. Teams who ranked in 1st position had significantly lower average injury rates than teams who ranked in last position [48 injuries per 1 000 player hours (95% C.I 20 to 76) vs 130 injuries per 1 000 player hours (95% C.I 79 to 180)]. More specifically, the team with the lowest injury rate in each season ranked in 1st or 2nd position. This team performance aspect of injury prevention should be highlighted more. In particular, this should be used to assist with communicating the importance of injury prevention programmes to stakeholders directly involved with budgetary allocations in the team.
FIDUCIARY GAME RULES AND THE GOVERNANCE NATURE IN THE COMPANY
Authors: Lutsenko S. I. 
Published: July 2019

The author considers features of relationships between the fiduciary (management, board of director) and shareholders (beneficiaries). The nature of fiduciary relations is connected with «a critical resource» (assets) of the beneficiary. In the company economic interests of various participants (shareholders, management) face. Delegation discretion the shareholder to the management will allow to build together with the shareholder effective economic strategy of the company, under condition of execution of fiduciary duties. The management possesses administrative immunity within the limits of application of the business judgment rule. Actions of the management at transaction fulfilment should have real character, possess economic sense, a rationality and to promote achievement of economic benefit in the form of increase to shareholder value. The special attention is given to the fiduciary nature of interaction. Imposing of fiduciary duties on the management allows the beneficiary to protect the company from destruction of shareholder value. The shareholder should specify such game rules that the management was unable break them or, at least, cost of their infringement would be above reception of personal benefit. Fiduciary principles allow to soften the conflict between management and the shareholder. Besides, the fiduciary mechanism possesses a preventive element, keeping the company from destruction. The given obligation of loyalty protects resources of the shareholder from wrongful acts from the management. Fiduciary principles allow to balance economic interests between a management and shareholders.