bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outil d’aide à la réalisation du bilan Infirmier de la douzième année des élèves de l’académie de Grenoble
Authors: Pothrat Lucie , Fares Asma , Bres Raphaël , Suerinck Magali , Crociati Agnès , Lequette Christine 
Published: April 2019

Introduction : Le rectorat de l’académie de Grenoble a pour mission d’assurer aux élèves de sa circonscription des visites médicales et de dépistage obligatoires, permettant la détection précoce des problèmes de santé ou des carences de soins pouvant entraver la scolarité. Le bilan de la douzième année de l’élève est à ce titre obligatoire. Nous avons voulu fournir un outil standardisé, Obi-12, pour aider la réalisation de ce bilan. L’objectif était double : permettre d’établir une synthèse académique représentative de l’état de santé d’élèves de 12 ans, et fournir, à une échelle plus locale, un diagnostic de terrain. Méthode : Obi-12 a été proposé à tous les collèges de l’académie de Grenoble ; un descriptif détaillé des réponses obtenues (comparées aux données nationales) et des analyses statistiques (ACM et CAH) ont été réalisés dans ce cadre. Résultats : Au total, 2 977 bilans ont été retournés (9 % des élèves de l’académie). Les élèves ayant passé ce bilan sont plus souvent en meilleure santé que les élèves de France. Par exemple, ils aiment plus souvent le collège, sont moins souvent fumeurs, ont moins de caries non soignées, ont plus souvent un poids normal. Une classification ascendante hiérarchique a permis d’établir six profils d’élèves, dont certains cumulant des caractéristiques sociales et de santé défavorables. Conclusion : La reconduction de ce bilan Obi-12 permettra de participer au diagnostic de santé des élèves d’un territoire à différentes échelles et permettra d’en suivre l’évolution. Cette connaissance du terrain permettra d’identifier les publics vulnérables pour prioriser les actions dans le cadre du parcours éducatif de santé.
Pour un financement pérenne du Régime d’assistance médicale au Maroc
Authors: Moustatraf Abdellatif , Taoufik Jamal 
Published: April 2019

Introduction : Cinq ans après sa mise en œuvre, le Régime d’assistance médicale (Ramed) permet de couvrir plus de onze millions de personnes. Néanmoins, son financement reste le principal défi. Son montage financier initial se trouve dépassé après son déploiement, en plus du non-respect du schéma de gestion de ses ressources. Une reconfiguration de son financement devient une nécessité afin de garantir un financement pérenne. Méthodes : Une revue de la littérature et une analyse de l’état des lieux à travers des rapports et documents diffusés a permis d’identifier le montage financier initial et ses limites afin de concevoir un nouveau montage financier. Résultats : Le schéma actuel du financement du Ramed est en déphasage par rapport à la réglementation, ce qui impacte négativement le régime. Les fonds sont insuffisants pour couvrir les besoins et ne dépassent même pas la moitié du financement prévu, fixé à trois milliards de dirhams, et ce, à cause d’une collecte partielle des ressources. Afin de satisfaire les besoins des bénéficiaires et suivre leur rythme croissant, il faut assurer annuellement au moins quatre milliards de dirhams. Ce montant ne peut être assuré qu’avec une révision des contributions de l’État et des collectivités territoriales. Conclusion : Les fonds actuels ne permettent pas de satisfaire les besoins, ce qui entache l’acceptabilité sociale du régime et menace sa pérennité. Il est indispensable d’améliorer son financement par une diversité de ses ressources et plus d’engagement des acteurs afin de garantir un financement pérenne géré selon les principes de la bonne gouvernance.
Dimensions of Sustainable Research Collaborations in Philippine Universities
Authors: Torrentira Jr. Moises Cansana , Torrentira Jr. Moises Cansana 
Published: April 2019

The study was conducted to identify dimensions that sustain research collaborations between universities and industries and government agencies in the Philippines. A total of twenty-five participants including regional directors of national government agencies, local government unit heads, managing heads of business chambers, research heads, deans and presidents and vice-presidents of state universities and colleges in Davao Region, Southeastern Philippines served as key informants. The gathered data was processed using INVIVO qualitative software and thematic content analysis.The study found out that there is growing evidence that universities, industries, and government agencies increasingly rely on each other to carry out research. When sectors collaborate in research, they effectively contribute to economic growth. Hence, in order to sustain successful research collaborations, the following dimensions were culled out from the study: First, typologies of research collaboration include capability-building, management partnership, institutional partnership, and reinforcement. Second, collaborative governance is necessitated through personal relation, establishing rapport, and transparency. Third, collaborative leadership is strengthened by political leadership, micro-leadership, and leadership by character. Fourth, the collaborative research agenda setting where stakeholders and their thrusts and priorities must be involved should be considered. Fifth, research collaboration is sustained by the university's provision of collaborative research enabling resources. Sixth, the university faculty's motivation fosters collaborative research. And finally, strategic actions were formulated to ensure the sustainability of research collaborations.The study concluded with the development of a framework showing the dimensions for the sustainability of research collaborations in Philippine universities.
Provider exclusions in US private health insurance contracts
Authors: M. Costello Michael 
Published: April 2019

Two national newspaper articles published in the Fall of 2018 addressed the issue of private health insurance provider contracts that act to exclude specific health systems from health plan networks. Inevitably, the question arises: Are such agreements illegal restraints of trade actionable under federal and state antitrust laws? A long-standing tenet of antitrust law is that it exists to protect competition not competitors. Excluding providers may be a legitimate outgrowth of the contracting process and therefore legal. However, an examination of the contracting process may reveal anticompetitive intent to restrain trade. The specific facts surrounding provider exclusion must be analyzed carefully in an effort to determine if there is illegal restraint of trade.
Análise do desempenho das Residências Médicas de Medicina de Família e Comunidade e Multiprofissional em Saúde da Família segundo os indicadores do PMAQ-AB das equipes da Atenção Primária
Authors: Gonçalves Dulce Pimenta , Cardoso Maria  Clara Lélis Ramos , Silva Thatiane Lais Santos , Magalhães Tatiana Almeida de , Araújo Alisson 
Published: April 2019

Introdução: A Residência Médica de Medicina de Família e Comunidade e a residência Multiprofissional em Saúde da Família contribuem, para além do aprendizado, à qualidade do atendimento à comunidade, e a avaliação desse processo mantém a qualidade do serviço, sendo os indicadores instrumentos que permitem planejamentos em saúde. Objetivo: Avaliar o desempenho da Residência Médica de Medicina de Família e Comunidade e residência Multiprofissional em Saúde da Família da Atenção Básica pelo monitoramento dos indicadores de qualidade do PMAQ-AB. Métodos: Realizou-se estudo transversal com análise da série histórica de dados secundários do PMAQ-AB (2011 a 2013) referentes aos indicadores do 1º e 2º ciclo das equipes com residentes e ou egressos da residência da Atenção Básica. Realizou-se análise descritiva, com frequência absoluta e relativa, e média e desvio padrão dos dados. Resultados: 38,6% das equipes no 1º ciclo e 34,66% do 2º ciclo apresentavam egressos da residência. Atendimentos de pré-natal média de 8,75 (±2,24), gestantes com pré-natal em dia, média de 91,43% (±8,91). Crianças menores de quatro meses com aleitamento exclusivo, 82,51% (±13,17) e 93,91% (±6,59) de crianças menores de um ano com vacina em dia. Pessoas com diabetes 60,27% (±16,28) e hipertensão 61,31% (±12,04). Consultas médicas por cuidado continuado/programado com média de 26,00% (±22,22). Satisfação do usuário 100% com desempenho mediano ou acima da média. Conclusão: O estudo evidenciou predominância de avaliação positiva das equipes avaliadas acerca dos indicadores da saúde da mulher, criança, produção geral e avaliação externa, porém alcançou baixo desempenho no indicador de doenças crônicas.
Angiotensin 1-7: A Second Window of Protection in Hypertensive Patients
Authors: Mohamed Mazin Salaheldin Abdalla , Ibrahim Muntaser , Abdelwhab Muhanad S. 
Published: April 2019

The effects of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system on the human body are so diverse and our knowledge about them is ever growing. Angiotensin 1-7 has been proven to play protective roles in patients with cardiovascular disorders including but not limited to hypertension.
As is the case with Africa, the prevalence of hypertension in Sudan is rising, and its complications could be delayed by pharmacologically manipulating the levels of renin-angiotensin system metabolites.
The aim of this review is to compare the advantageous and deleterious effects of Angiotensin 2 in contrast to those of Angiotensin 1-7 and to assert the well-established protective effects of Angiotensin 1-7 (systemically and locally) in hypertensive patients
Acid Phosphatases from the Bread Fruit Artocarpus communis Seeds as Novel Plant Phosphorylating Biocatalysts
Authors: Konan Hubert Kouassi , Koffi Michel Djary , Yapi Desire Yapi Assoi , Kouame Lucien Patrice 
Published: April 2019

Aims: Investigation on the phosphotransferase activity of two non-specific acid phosphatases (EC 3.1.3.2) designated as AP1 and AP2, previously isolated from breadfruit (Artocarpus communis) seeds for further biotechnological and industrial applications.
Methodology: Transphosphorylation reactions were tested with sodium pyrophosphate as the phosphoryl donor and phenol as its acceptor. Transfer products were quantified by using high performance liquid chromatography.
Results: The two acid phosphatases were able to catalyse phosphoconjugates synthesis using pyrophosphate as the phosphoryl donor and phenol as acceptor. The optimal conditions of transphosphorylation reactions indicated that this synthesis was highly dependent on pH, temperature, time course, donor and acceptor concentrations and enzyme amount. A very short period (1.25 h) was observed for these synthesis reactions catalysed by acid phosphatases isolated from breadfruit (Artocarpus communis) seeds. This suggested energy saving during biotransformation processes. The high average yields of 84.20 and 66.78% obtained for AP1 and AP2, respectively, made them useful to phosphorylate a wide range of nucleophile compounds such as nucleotides often used as food additives and pharmaceutical intermediates.
Conclusion: The acid phosphatase AP1 would be the most promising on the basis the better synthesis product yield (84.20%). The two biocatalysts could be considered as new valuable tools for bioprocesses.
Robust Superlubricity of Gold–Graphite Heterointerfaces
Authors: Yaniv Rotem , Koren Elad 
Published: April 2019

AbstractNoncommensurate 2D interfaces hold great promise toward low friction and nanoelectromechanical applications. For identical constituents, the crystals interlock at specific rotational configurations leading to high barriers for slide. In contrast, nonidentical constituents comprising different lattice parameters should enable robust superlubricity for all rotational configurations. This is however not the case for gold–graphite interfaces, as both theory and experiments show scaling behavior of the sliding force as a function of the interface contact area. By simulating the sliding force for gold–graphite interfaces, this work shows that the origin for high force barriers at special angular configurations is a result of commensurability between the moiré structure and the contact geometry. Consequently, this paper suggests new geometries that can potentially overcome such commensurability effects to enable robust superlubricity.
A Liquid‐Metal–Elastomer Nanocomposite for Stretchable Dielectric Materials
Authors: Pan Chengfeng , Markvicka Eric J. , Malakooti Mohammad H. , Yan Jiajun , Hu Leiming , Matyjaszewski Krzysztof , Majidi Carmel 
Published: April 2019

AbstractStretchable high‐dielectric‐constant materials are crucial for electronic applications in emerging domains such as wearable computing and soft robotics. While previous efforts have shown promising materials architectures in the form of dielectric nano‐/microinclusions embedded in stretchable matrices, the limited mechanical compliance of these materials significantly limits their practical application as soft energy‐harvesting/storage transducers and actuators. Here, a class of liquid metal (LM)–elastomer nanocomposites is presented with elastic and dielectric properties that make them uniquely suited for applications in soft‐matter engineering. In particular, the role of droplet size is examined and it is found that embedding an elastomer with a polydisperse distribution of nanoscale LM inclusions can enhance its electrical permittivity without significantly degrading its elastic compliance, stretchability, or dielectric breakdown strength. In contrast, elastomers embedded with microscale droplets exhibit similar improvements in permittivity but a dramatic reduction in breakdown strength. The unique enabling properties and practicality of LM–elastomer nanocomposites for use in soft machines and electronics is demonstrated through enhancements in performance of a dielectric elastomer actuator and energy‐harvesting transducer.
Dual‐Confined SiO Embedded in TiO2 Shell and 3D Carbon Nanofiber Web as Stable Anode Material for Superior Lithium Storage
Authors: Cai Xin , Liu Wen , Yang Siyuan , Zhang Shengsen , Gao Qiongzhi , Yu Xiaoyuan , Li Jun , Wang Hongqiang , Fang Yueping 
Published: April 2019

AbstractSilicon‐based materials (Si, SiOx, etc.) have intrigued numerous attentions to replace the graphite anode materials for high performance new‐generation lithium‐ion batteries. Herein, dual‐confined SiO composites are developed as novel anode material for efficient lithium‐ion batteries. The SiO‐based anodes are prepared from commercial SiO microparticles via simple electrospinning, in which TiO2 coated SiO particles are well embedded in the 3D interconnected carbon nanofiber web. Owing to the protective TiO2 shell with extra capacitive activity, along with the conductive carbon nanofiber network affording sufficient void space to accommodate the volume expansion of SiO upon cycling, the dual‐confined SiO anode can maintain its structural integrity and exhibit high reversible activity. It realizes acceptable initial Columbic efficiency and a stable discharge capacity of 760 mAh g−1 at 200 mA g−1 after 200 cycles, with an average capacity drop of 0.11% per cycle for continuous cycling. Besides, the ternary SiO@TiO2/carbon nanofiber composite allows for facilitated charge transport and electrolyte penetration in virtue of its 3D porous web structure, which contributes to a high‐rate capacity of 338 mAh g−1 at 3 A g−1. These inexpensive and stable SiO/carbon nanofiber composites can be potential alternative toward cost‐efficient lithium‐ion battery anode.
Understanding Quality Control of Hard Metals in Industry ‐ A Quantum Mechanics Approach
Authors: Lattemann Martina , Xie Ruiwen , Lizárraga Raquel , Vitos Levente , Holmström Erik 
Published: April 2019

AbstractFor many decades, the magnetic saturation of, for example, hard metals (HM) such as WC‐Co‐based cemented carbides, has been used as process and quality control in industry to ensure consistency of product properties. In an urge to replace cobalt as a binder phase, a demand on understanding the magnetic response as a function of composition on the atomic scale is growing. In this paper, a theoretical description of the measured weight‐specific magnetic saturation of hard metals as a function of the tungsten weight fraction present in the cobalt binder phase, based on first‐principle calculations, is established for standard WC‐Co. The predicted magnetic saturation agrees well with the experimental one. Furthermore, it is proposed that the theoretical description can be extended to alternative and more complex binder phases which allows to transfer the production control to those hard metals.
PI3Kgamma Inhibitor Attenuates Immunosuppressive Effect of Poly(l‐Glutamic Acid)‐Combretastatin A4 Conjugate in Metastatic Breast Cancer
Authors: Qin Hanjiao , Yu Haiyang , Sheng Jiyao , Zhang Dawei , Shen Na , Liu Linlin , Tang Zhaohui , Chen Xuesi 
Published: April 2019

AbstractVascular disrupting agents (VDAs) have great potential for cancer treatment. Poly(l‐glutamic acid)‐combretastatin A4 conjugate (PLG‐CA4) is a novel class of VDAs. Though it has notable antitumor activity, it can induce host immune responses that promote tumor growth. Here, PLG‐CA4 induces the polarization of tumor‐associated macrophages (TAMs) toward the M2‐like phenotype in 4T1 metastatic breast cancer (Control 30% vs PLG‐CA4 53%; p < 0.05). Compared to the monotherapy of PLG‐CA4, inhibition of phosphoinositide 3‐kinase gamma (PI3Kγ) attenuates the immunosuppressive effect of PLG‐CA4 treatment by decreasing the number of M2‐like TAMs (2.0 × 104 to 1.5 × 104 per tumor) and potential enhancement of cytotoxic T lymphocyte (3.0 × 104 to 5.7 × 104 per tumor). Importantly, PI3Kγ inhibitor synergizing with PLG‐CA4 significantly extends the mean survival time from 52 days in monotherapy‐treated mice to 61.8 days. Additionally, the combination of PLG‐CA4 and PI3Kγ inhibitor improves the tumor therapeutic effect of NLG919, an inhibitor of immune checkpoint indoleamine 2,3‐dioxygenase (IDO). As far as it is known, this is the first demonstrated study that VDAs induce the reshaping of macrophages to the M2‐like phenotype. The findings also indicate a potential therapeutic strategy of the combination VDAs with an accurate immune modifier in the tumor to reverse the immune resistance.
Selbstvorspannende ultrahochfeste Betonelemente
Authors: Kromoser Benjamin , Strieder Emanuel , Kirnbauer Johannes 
Published: April 2019

AbstractDurch thermische Nachbehandlung können die Eigenschaften von Materialien gezielt beeinflusst werden. Ein Beispiel dafür ist Beton. Durch den Erwärmungsprozess können der Aushärtungsprozess beschleunigt und etwaig vorhandene puzzolanische Zuschlagstoffe zugunsten einer Verbesserung der mechanischen Eigenschaften aktiviert werden. Eisenbasierte Formgedächtnislegierungen reagieren unter bestimmten Umständen auch sensitiv auf Temperatureinwirkung. Eine vorab mechanisch eingeprägte Form, die beispielsweise durch Vordehnen hergestellt wird, kann durch eine thermische Behandlung wieder rückgängig gemacht werden. Wird diesem „Formgedächtniseffekt“ ein Widerstand entgegengesetzt, so führt dieser zu einer Zugkraft im Metallteil, die gezielt als Vorspannung genutzt werden kann. Bewehrt man nun Beton mit Stäben oder Matten aus einer eisenbasierten Formgedächtnislegierung und behandelt die Bauteile entsprechend thermisch nach, kann ein Selbstvorspannungseffekt erzeugt werden, der sich vorteilhaft auf die Gebrauchstauglichkeit und Steifigkeit der Bauteile auswirkt. Der vorliegende Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über eine erste Machbarkeitsstudie zu diesem Ansatz. Nach einer Beschreibung der verwendeten Ausgangsmaterialien wird eine erste Serie von Dreipunktbiegeversuchen präsentiert, anhand derer der beschriebene Effekt bereits experimentell nachgewiesen werden konnte. Abschließend werden mögliche Anwendungsfelder vorgestellt.
Highly Efficient g‐C3N4 Nanorods with Dual Active Sites as an Electrocatalyst for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Desalegn Bezawit Z. , Jadhav Harsharaj S. , Seo Jeong Gil 
Published: April 2019

AbstractFinding metal‐free, carbon‐based, highly active, and durable electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is essential for the development of electrochemical energy storage and conversion systems. Herein, we report the synthesis of graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C3N4) nanorods using a hydrothermal method. The transformation of bulk g‐C3N4 (denoted as g‐B‐CN) to g‐C3N4 1D nanorods (denoted as g‐CN) endowed the material with abundant active sites, increased electrochemical active surface area, and enhanced charge transfer. g‐CN exhibited high activity and durability in catalyzing the OER. The optimized g‐CN achieved a current density of 10 mA cm−2 at an overpotential of 316 mV vs. RHE in 1 M KOH, with a Tafel slope of 125 mV dec−1. The high catalytic performance of g‐CN is mainly attributed to the abundantly exposed unique active sites originatingfrom the 1D morphology and the presence of an oxidized pyridinic nitrogen; elucidating the important role of elaborate morphology tailoring and co‐doping of heteroatoms in catalyzing the OER.
Differentiating Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs) Into Lung Epithelial Cells
Authors: Surendran Harshini , Rajamoorthy Mohanapriya , Pal Rajarshi 
Published: April 2019

AbstractHuman induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) not only offer great opportunities for the study of human development but also have tremendous potential for future clinical cell‐based therapies. The protocol outlined here is used to differentiate hiPSCs into lung epithelial cell types through a process that faithfully recapitulates the stepwise events observed in vivo. From pluripotency, cells are differentiated to a definitive endoderm fate, followed by progression into anteriorized foregut endoderm that has the ability to give rise to both proximal and distal epithelial cells. Furthermore, this methodology allows for the study of lung dysfunction and disease modeling using patient‐derived cells, as well as high‐throughput pharmacological screening and eventually personalized therapies. Recently we were able to reproduce this protocol using the working cell bank of an hiPSC line made under current Good Manufacturing Practice (cGMP) conditions, a necessary step for the future clinical application of these cells. © 2019 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Toxicology in the Super‐Resolution Era
Authors: Cole Richard 
Published: April 2019

AbstractLight microscopy has played a central role in science for the past couple of hundred years and will continue to do so. Multiple super‐resolution microscopy techniques have been in the headlines for smashing what for more than 100+ years was believed to be the limits of optical microscopy. This resolution improvement enables the visualization of molecular structures and processes on the nano scale. While certain scientific questions in toxicology can benefit from modalities within the super‐resolution suite, due diligence is required for efficiency and to achieve optimal results. For a given hypothesis being tested, there are biophysical issues that need to be considered before heading down the super‐resolution road. All commercially available super‐resolution modalities, along with cautions and tips, will be discussed. © 2019 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.