bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determination of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activities from peel, flesh, seed of guava (Psidium guajava L.)
Authors: Liu Xuan , Yan Xu , Bi Jinfeng , Liu Jianing , Zhou Mo , Wu Xinye , Chen Qinqin 
Published: May 2018

AbstractWhite‐flesh guava is widely planted in tropical or subtropical areas of Southeast Asia. Despite of folk statements on specific function, few researches are focused on the description of its plant secondary metabolites. In the present work, contents of total phenolics and flavonoids as well as antioxidant activity from different parts (peel, flesh, and seed) were determined. The constituents of ethanol extracts were characterized by HPLC‐QTOF‐MS. A total of 69 phenolic compounds as well as nine polar compounds were detected, with flavonoids, hydrolyzable tannins, phenolic acid derivatives, and benzophenones of the four predominant phenolic compounds. Moreover, the presence of other phenolics (lignan, phenylethanoid, stilbenoid, and dihydrochalcones) was revealed. Simultaneously, the polar compounds, such as triterpenoids, iridoid were identified. Benzophenones and triterpenoids were proved to be marked constitutes of peel and flesh, respectively. The existence of isoflavonoids, lignan, phenylethanoid were firstly reported for edible parts or by‐products of guava. The results showed that white‐flesh guavas, particularly peel parts, were superior resources of antioxidant compounds, with exploitation value.
Tuning Morphology of Zn/HZSM‐5 for Catalytic Performance in Methanol Aromatization
Authors: Tian Haifeng , Lv Jinlong , Liang Xiaohu , Tang Xiaohua , Zha Fei 
Published: May 2018

AbstractCatalytic performance is influenced by the morphology and assembly of catalyst particles. Therefore, Zn ion‐doped HZSM‐5 zeolite with different morphological structures is prepared using post‐treatments of selective dissolution and recrystallization, causing silicon components to migrate from the interior to the exterior in the different template etching processes. The core–shell, hollow, and hierarchical core–shell Zn/HZSM‐5 microspheres with weak acid sites on the external surfaces are successfully synthesized. Hierarchical core–shell‐structured Zn/HZSM‐5 microspheres with a silicon‐rich surface layer are prepared using an etching method in n‐butylamine solution. Their catalytic activity is investigated in methanol aromatization. The functionalized morphological Zn/HZSM‐5 catalysts show good catalytic performance and the silicon‐rich surface layer improves selectivity of p‐xylene in the reaction of methanol to aromatics.
Velocities of shallow overland flow on semiarid hillslopes
Authors: Polyakov Viktor , Nearing Mark A. , Stone Jeffry 
Published: May 2018

AbstractA series of 188 rainfall plot simulations was conducted on grass, shrub, oak savanna, and juniper sites in Arizona and Nevada. A total of 897 flow velocity measurements were obtained on 3.6% to 39.6% slopes with values ranging from 0.007 m s‐1 to 0.115 m s‐1. The experimental data showed that shallow flow velocity on rangelands was related to discharge and ground litter cover and was largely independent of slope gradient or soil characteristics. A power model was proposed to express this relationship. These findings support the slope–velocity equilibrium hypothesis. Namely, eroding soil surfaces evolve such that steeper areas develop greater hydraulic roughness. As a result overland flow velocity becomes independent of the slope gradient over time. Our findings have implications for soil erosion modeling suggesting that hydraulic friction is a dynamic, slope and discharge dependent property. Copyright © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Asset‐Based or Burden‐Based Views of Senior and Retired Faculty: How Values Translate Into Culture and Shape Practice and Policies
Authors: Kezar Adrianna 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThis chapter reviews discourses about “senior” and retired faculty. These discourses suggest a deficit or burden‐based view that shapes the values and practices of faculty and department chairs. Yet retired faculty can be valuable resources and help with teaching, service, and research. A process for changing departmental views to create an asset‐based culture that assists in the adoption of favorable retirement policies and programs is provided.
Adjuvant therapy in major salivary gland cancers: Analysis of 8580 patients in the National Cancer Database
Authors: Cheraghlou Shayan , Kuo Phoebe , Mehra Saral , Agogo George O. , Bhatia Aarti , Husain Zain A. , Yarbrough Wendell G. , Burtness Barbara A. , Judson Benjamin L. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBackgroundEvidence surrounding the effect of adjuvant treatment in salivary gland cancers is limited. The benefit of adding chemotherapy to adjuvant treatment is also of interest. We investigated the association of these treatments with survival and whether this differed by stage or the presence of adverse features.MethodsA retrospective study of adult salivary gland cancer cases diagnosed from 2004 to 2013 in the National Cancer Data Base (NCDB) was conducted.ResultsTreatment with adjuvant radiotherapy was associated with improved survival for both patients with early‐stage (hazard ratio [HR] 0.744; P = .004) and late‐stage (HR 0.688; P < .001) disease with adverse features. Further addition of chemotherapy to the adjuvant treatment of patients with late‐stage disease with adverse features was not associated with a survival benefit (HR 1.028; P = .705).ConclusionAdjuvant radiotherapy is associated with improved survival for patients with adverse features, regardless of stage. The addition of chemotherapy to the adjuvant treatment of patients with late‐stage disease with adverse features is not associated with improved outcomes.
Topical superoxide dismutase in posttreatment fibrosis in patients with head and neck cancer
Authors: Landeen Kelly C. , Spanos William C. , Gromer Laurie 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBackgroundTopical superoxide dismutase (SOD) has been shown to decrease postradiation fibrosis in some cancers but has not demonstrated an effect in patients with head and neck cancer. The purpose of this study was to determine if topical SOD is an effective treatment for postradiation neck fibrosis.MethodsThis was a randomized prospective blinded clinical study of topical SOD versus placebo for the treatment of neck fibrosis. Measures of fibrosis grade and quality of life were obtained at baseline and after 3 months of treatment.ResultsImprovement in fibrosis score was comparable between the 2 study arms at 3 months.ConclusionBoth study groups showed improvement but the differences between groups was not statistically significant. Topical SOD likely has limited benefit for posttreatment neck fibrosis but this study confirms other published evidence of benefit from active physical therapy of posttreatment fibrosis in patients with head and neck cancer.
Use of radioiodine‐131 scan to measure influence of surgical discipline, practice, and volume on residual thyroid tissue after total thyroidectomy for differentiated thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Song Jin Soo A. , Moolman Nico , Burrell Steven , Rajaraman Murali , Bullock Martin Joseph , Trites Jonathan , Taylor S. Mark , Rigby Matthew H. , Hart Robert D. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBackgroundOur study's purpose is to determine the influence of surgical discipline, surgeon site, and volume on remnant thyroid tissue visualized on radioactive iodine‐131 (I‐131) scans after total thyroidectomy and I‐131 ablation in patients with well‐differentiated thyroid carcinomas.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed all cases of patients who received I‐131 therapeutic ablation and postablation radioactive I‐131 scans at our center after thyroidectomy to calculate the fraction of administered dose multiplied by 1000 (UDR1000).ResultsThe remnant thyroid tissue (ie, the UDR1000), between academic and community surgeons was 0.471 (±0.705) and 1.190 (±2.487), respectively (P = .001). The UDR1000 between otolaryngology‐head and neck surgery and general surgery was 0.654 (±1.575) and 1.043 (±1.625), respectively (P = .159). The UDR1000 partitioned by patient frequencies of <10, 10 to 19, and ≥20 patients yielded 1.255 (±2.554), 0.926 (±2.084), and 0.467 (±0.721), respectively (P = .003).ConclusionOur study found statistically significant differences in residual thyroid tissue visualized on radioactive I‐131 scans based on surgeon parameters.
Survival without adjuvant chemotherapy for selected patients with stage II and III nasopharyngeal carcinoma after concurrent chemoradiotherapy alone
Authors: Wu Jia‐Shing , Tsai Yu‐Chen , Jian James Jer‐Min , Chen Hsin‐Hsuan , Horng Cheng‐Fang , Cheng Skye Hung‐Chun 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe role of adjuvant chemotherapy after concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is controversial. We report our phase II prospective study of withholding adjuvant chemotherapy in a subgroup of patients with American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage II and III NPC with low risk for metastasis.MethodsBetween April 1998 and December 2008, 263 patients with stage II (AJCC 1997 T2aN0, T1‐T2aN1; AJCC 2010 T1N1) NPC or stage III (AJCC 1997 T1‐T2aN2; AJCC 2010 T1N2) NPC were enrolled. Patients received standard concurrent CRT with cisplatin and 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) but without adjuvant chemotherapy.ResultsWith a median follow‐up of 107 months, the 5‐year overall survival (OS), disease‐free survival (DFS), and distant metastasis‐free survival (DMFS) were 92.4%, 84.4%, and 90.7% for all patients; 94.1%, 85.9%, and 92.9% for patients with stage II NPC; and 90.9%, 83.2%, and 88.9% for patients with stage III NPC, respectively.ConclusionIt is safe to withhold adjuvant chemotherapy for selected patients with stage II and III NPC.
Successful treatment of severe facial lymphedema by lymphovenous anastomosis
Authors: Inatomi Yusuke , Yoshida Sei , Kamizono Kenichi , Hanada Masuo , Yasumatsu Ryuji , Kadota Hideki 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBackgroundFacial edema is a common complication after neck dissection and/or chemoradiotherapy for head and neck cancer. Edema subsides spontaneously in most cases but sometimes persists, in which case surgical intervention is required. We report a case of severe facial edema that showed significant improvement upon lymphovenous anastomosis (LVA).MethodsA 66‐year‐old man with oral floor cancer developed progressive facial lymphedema after tumor resection, bilateral neck dissections, chemoradiotherapy, and fibular and rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flap transfer. His eyesight was completely disturbed due to severe eyelid edema. The LVAs were performed in the bilateral preauricular area. Surgical findings showed stagnation of the lymphatic fluids in dilated lymphatic vessels, which were drained to the superficial temporal veins by LVA.ResultsThe edema subsided rapidly and the patient's eyesight returned as soon as 4 days postoperatively.ConclusionUsing LVA in the preauricular region can be a choice of surgical treatment for severe facial edema.
Early outcomes in transoral vestibular thyroidectomy: Robotic versus endoscopic techniques
Authors: Razavi Christopher R. , Khadem Mai G. Al , Fondong Akeweh , Clark James H. , Richmon Jeremy D. , Tufano Ralph P. , Russell Jonathon O. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe transoral thyroidectomy vestibular approach has been utilized via both robotic (TORTVA) and endoscopic (TOETVA) techniques to perform thyroidectomy. However, there have been no studies evaluating outcomes between these approaches. Here we describe our outcomes for thyroid lobectomy with TORTVA and TOETVA.MethodsAll cases of transoral vestibular approach thyroid lobectomy at Johns Hopkins Hospital were reviewed. Primary outcomes and demographic data were then compared between TORTVA and TOETVA.ResultsTwenty‐seven cases were identified, 7 using the robotic approach and 20 using the endoscopic approach. The procedural success rate for the robotic and endoscopic cohorts was 5 of 7 (71%) and 19 of 20 (95%), respectively (P = .15). There were no persistent nerve injuries, mental, or recurrent in either cohort. Median operative time for TOETVA was 188 minutes versus 322 minutes for TORTVA (P = .001).ConclusionThyroid lobectomy can be safely performed via both techniques, although performed more quickly endoscopically, which is likely due in part to differences in the learning curves.
Differences in emotion regulation difficulties among adults and adolescents across eating disorder diagnoses
Authors: Anderson Leslie K. , Claudat Kimberly , Cusack Anne , Brown Tiffany A. , Trim Julie , Rockwell Roxanne , Nakamura Tiffany , Gomez Lauren , Kaye Walter H. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractObjectiveAlthough much empirical attention has been devoted to emotion regulation (ER) in individuals with eating disorders, little is known about ER across a wide age range and among different ED subtypes. The current study sought to examine ER in a sample of eating disorder patients.MethodA total of 364 adults and adolescents with anorexia nervosa restricting subtype (AN‐R), anorexia nervosa binge/purge subtype (AN‐BP), or bulimia nervosa (BN) were assessed with the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS).ResultsOlder ages were associated with higher DERS total, nonacceptance, goals, and impulsivity scores. When controlling for age, patients with BN and AN‐BP had higher overall DERS scores than those with AN, and there were some differences among diagnostic subtypes on specific facets of ER.ConclusionsThese results indicate that treatments for emotion dysregulation may be applied across eating disorder diagnoses and ages, and inform how these strategies apply to different diagnostic groups.
Daclatasvir and asunaprevir improves health‐related quality of life in Japanese patients infected with hepatitis C virus
Authors: Ikeda Hiroki , Watanabe Tsunamasa , Matsumoto Nobuyuki , Hiraishi Tetsuya , Nakano Hiroyasu , Noguchi Yohei , Hattori Nobuhiro , Shigefuku Ryuta , Yamashita Masaki , Nakahara Kazunari , Matsunaga Kotaro , Okuse Chiaki , Yotsuyanagi Hiroshi , Tanaka Atsushi , Suzuki Michihiro , Itoh Fumio 
Published: May 2018

AimsInterferon‐free direct‐acting antiviral agent (DAA) regimens for chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) patients have improved their health‐related quality of life (HRQOL). Currently, there are no published data assessing the impact of DAAs regimens without sofosbuvir on HRQOL. The aim of this study was to investigate the improvement of HRQOL in Japanese HCV patients treated with a protease inhibitor and a nonstructural protein 5A inhibitor.Methods and ResultsA total of 123 Japanese genotype 1b HCV patients receiving daclatasvir (DCV) and asunaprevir (ASV) for 24 weeks were enrolled. HRQOL was assessed using the Japanese version of the Chronic Liver Disease Questionnaire (CLDQ) at baseline; weeks 4, 12, and 24; and post‐24 weeks. Changes in CLDQ scores were calculated by subtracting the CLDQ score at each time point from the baseline value. Improvement in the mean change of the Japanese version of the CLDQ score became statistically significant as early as week 4 after the initiation of treatment (+9.3%; P < 0.0001) and was sustained during and after DCV/ASV treatment. The changes of CLDQ at posttreatment week 24 in patients with sustained virological responses (SVR) were significantly higher than those in patients without SVR (0.4% and −4.1%, respectively; P < 0.05).ConclusionsThis study of DCV/ASV treatment for Japanese HCV patients in a clinical setting demonstrated that HRQOL can improve as early as at the initiation of treatment and can continue during and after treatment, regardless of the classes of DAAs regimens and race. Moreover, SVR are needed to continue HRQOL improvement.
Soluble Fgl2 restricts autoimmune hepatitis progression via suppressing Tc17 and conventional CD8+ T cell function
Authors: Ai Guo , Yan Weiming , Yu Haijing , Xiao Fang , Xi Dong , Ma Ke , Huang Jiaquan , Luo Xiaoping , Wan Xiaoyang , Ning Qin 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBackgroundAutoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is an inflammatory disease caused by an aberrant immune response to hepatic self‐antigens in which regulatory T cells (Tregs) are critical for maintaining immunosupression. The soluble form of fibrinogen‐like protein 2 (sFGL2), a novel effector molecule of Treg, is rarely investigated in AIH. In the present study, we dissected the role of sFGL2 in autoimmune hepatitis and its potential mechanism underlying AIH progression.MethodsPlasma and intrahepatic sFGL2 levels, as well as Treg cells, were measured in both AIH patients and experimental autoimmune hepatitis (EAH) mice. Th1, Th2, Th17 and Treg‐related cytokines were measured in the liver of EAH mice. Treg expression of sFgl2 and its effect on CD8+ T cell activity in EAH were assessed. The clinical relevance of sFGL2 in AIH‐associated inflammation and fibrosis was evaluated.ResultsTh17 responses is predominant in robust AIH patients and EAH mice. In AIH patients and EAH mice, the frequency of plasma Tregs was reduced, whereas intrahepatic Tregs were increased significantly. The plasma sFGL2 level was significantly higher at active phases compared to those during remission and was correlated with AIH progression. Enhanced sFGL2 expression was found in Tregs and inhibited conventional CD8+ T cells and Tc17 cell in EAH mice ex vivo.ConclusionsThe Th17 response dominates autoimmune hepatitis progression. The increase in intrahepatic and plasma sFGL2 by Tregs may restrict AIH progression by inhibiting conventional CD8+ T cells and Tc17 cell function. The high correlation between sFGL2 and disease severity may predict AIH outcome.
The VEGFA ‐1154G/A polymorphism is associated with reduced risk of rheumatoid arthritis but not with systemic lupus erythematosus in Mexican women
Authors: Ramírez‐Bello Julian , Cadena‐Sandoval Daniel , Fragoso José Manuel , Barbosa‐Cobos Rosa Elda , Moreno‐Eutímio Mario Adán , Saavedra‐Salinas Miguel Ángel , Valencia‐Pacheco Guillermo , López‐Villanueva Ricardo F. , Jiménez‐Morales Silvia 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBackgroundLevels of circulating vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) (a potent endothelial‐cell‐specific angiogenic factor) have been correlated with disease activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). In addition, several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), including the VEGFA ‐2578C/A, have been associated with RA in some populations. By contrast, the role of different VEGFA SNPs in the susceptibility to SLE has received little attention. Thus, the present study aimed to determine whether the VEGFA ‐2578C/A, −1154G/A and ‐634G/C polymorphisms confer risk or were associated with reduced risk of RA or SLE in a Mexican population.MethodsThe present study included 903 women from Mexico: 405 were patients with RA, 282 had SLE and 216 were healthy individuals. The genotypes were obtained with TaqMan probes.ResultsThe data obtained in the present study suggest that the VEGFA ‐2578C/A and ‐634G/C polymorphisms are not risk factors for RA or SLE; however, VEGFA ‐1154G/A was associated with reduced risk in women with RA (odds ratio = 0.6, pc = 0.0051) but not with SLE (odds ratio = 0.7, pc = 0.13).ConclusionsThe present study is the first to document an association between VEGFA ‐1154G/A and reduced risk in women with RA but not with SLE.
Critical Thinking Disposition and Scientific Creativity: The Mediating Role of Creative Self‐Efficacy
Authors: Qiang Ruichao , Han Qin , Guo Yongyu , Bai Jie , Karwowski Maciej 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThis study explores the relationship between critical thinking disposition and scientific creativity and examines the hypothesized mediating role played by creative self‐concept (trait‐like creative self‐efficacy). A large sample (N = 1,153) of Chinese high school students filled the Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory and revised trait‐like creative self‐efficacy scale, and then solved Scientific Creativity Test for Adolescent. Structural equation modeling has demonstrated that students’ critical thinking disposition was positively related to their creative self‐concept and scientific creativity, and creative self‐concept fully mediated the link between critical thinking disposition and scientific creativity. We discuss these findings in terms of the hypothetical role played by creative self‐concept for creative functioning.
Assessment of main factor causing sensory quality defects in chicken seasoning during storage
Authors: Tian Huai‐Xiang , Zhang Ya‐Jing , Chen Chen , Qin Lan , Xiao Li‐Zhong , Fei Yu‐Gang , Yu Hai‐Yan 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDChicken seasoning is a widely consumed palatable seasoning made with chicken meat. Quality, and especially sensory quality, may determine the consumer choice of food. The same bag of chicken seasoning will be stored by the consumers over a long period of time when it is in use, so it is particularly important to be able to assess its sensory quality. However, the sensory quality defects of chicken seasoning during storage remain unknown. This study evaluated flavor changes in chicken seasoning during storage using sensory evaluation and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC‐MS).RESULTSThe sensory evaluation indicated a perceptible change in rancidity during storage. The GC–MS results showed increases in the content of aldehydes, heterocyclic compounds, ketones, and sulfur compounds associated with lipid oxidation. A random forest model was constructed to predict the storage time based on the data for volatile compounds related to lipid oxidation. The low average predicted error indicated a good correlation between lipid oxidation and storage time.CONCLUSIONThese results suggest that lipid oxidation is the main factor behind sensory quality defects in chicken seasoning during storage. This can be used as the basis for further evaluation of sensory quality and the shelf life of chicken seasoning. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Selective parathyroid venous sampling in primary hyperparathyroidism: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Ibraheem Kareem , Toraih Eman A. , Haddad Antoine B. , Farag Mahmoud , Randolph Gregory W. , Kandil Emad 
Published: May 2018

ObjectiveMinimally invasive parathyroidectomy requires accurate preoperative localization techniques. There is considerable controversy about the effectiveness of selective parathyroid venous sampling (sPVS) in primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) patients. The aim of this meta‐analysis is to examine the diagnostic accuracy of sPVS as a preoperative localization modality in PHPT.MethodsStudies evaluating the diagnostic accuracy of sPVS for PHPT were electronically searched in the PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Controlled Trials Register databases. Two independent authors reviewed the studies, and revised quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy study tool was used for the quality assessment. Study heterogeneity and pooled estimates were calculated.ResultsTwo hundred and two unique studies were identified. Of those, 12 studies were included in the meta‐analysis. Pooled sensitivity, specificity, and positive likelihood ratio (PLR) of sPVS were 74%, 41%, and 1.55, respectively. The area‐under‐the‐receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.684, indicating an average discriminatory ability of sPVS. On comparison between sPVS and noninvasive imaging modalities, sensitivity, PLR, and positive posttest probability were significantly higher in sPVS compared to noninvasive imaging modalities. Interestingly, super‐selective venous sampling had the highest sensitivity, accuracy, and positive posttest probability compared to other parathyroid venous sampling techniques.ConclusionThis is the first meta‐analysis to examine the accuracy of sPVS in PHPT. sPVS had higher pooled sensitivity when compared to noninvasive modalities in revision parathyroid surgery. However, the invasiveness of this technique does not favor its routine use for preoperative localization. Super‐selective venous sampling was the most accurate among all other parathyroid venous sampling techniques. Laryngoscope, 2662–2667, 2018