bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Xylanase and feruloyl esterase from actinomycetes cultures could enhance sugarcane bagasse hydrolysis in the production of fermentable sugars
Authors: Rahmani Nanik , Kahar Prihardi , Lisdiyanti Puspita , Hermiati Euis , Lee Jaemin , Yopi  , Prasetya Bambang , Ogino Chiaki , Kondo Akihiko 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
The addition of enzymes that are capable of degrading hemicellulose has a potential to reduce the need for commercial enzymes during biomass hydrolysis in the production of fermentable sugars. In this study, a high xylanase producing actinomycete strain (Kitasatospora sp. ID06-480) and the first ethyl ferulate producing actinomycete strain (Nonomuraea sp. ID06-094) were selected from 797 rare actinomycetes, respectively, which were isolated in Indonesia. The addition (30%, v/v) of a crude enzyme supernatant from the selected strains in sugarcane bagasse hydrolysis with low-level loading (1 FPU/g-biomass) of Cellic® CTec2 enhanced both the released amount of glucose and reducing sugars. When the reaction with Ctec2 was combined with crude enzymes containing either xylanase or feruloyl esterase, high conversion yield of glucose from cellulose at 60.5% could be achieved after 72 h-saccharification.
The role of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of anterior cruciate ligament injury: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Wang Jianhong , Wu Huaiyu , Dong Fajin , Li Binbin , Wei Zhanghong , Peng Quanzhou , Dong Duo , Li Min , Xu Jinfeng 
Published: February 2018

AbstractTo evaluate the value of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of anterior cruciate ligament injury (ACL injury) by conducting a systematic review and meta‐analysis. A literature search was carried out in the Cochrane Library, Embase, Pubmed databases and included studies prior to April 2017. Based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, studies evaluating ultrasound to diagnose ACL injury were selected. MRI, arthroscopy and clinical‐follow were considered the reference standards. The diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound was assessed using a combination of sensitivity, specificity, likelihood ratio (LR), post‐test probability, diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) and by summarizing the area under the receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve. A total of 4 studies involving 246 patients were eventually included in the analysis. In these four studies, the combined sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, post‐test probability and DOR were 90.0% (95% CI: 77–96), 97% (95% CI: 90–99), 31.08 (95% CI: 8.75–110.41), 0.11 (95% CI: 0.05–0.24), 89% (3%) and 288.81 (95% CI: 78.51–1062.48), respectively. The area under the SROC curve was 0.98 (95% CI: 0.97–0.99). Our meta‐analysis showed that ultrasound can play an important role in the diagnosis of ACL injury. Because of its high sensitivity, high specificity and high diagnostic ability, ultrasound should be a part of the standard diagnostic work‐up of an ACL injury.
Associations of mobile source air pollution during the first year of life with childhood pneumonia, bronchiolitis, and otitis media
Authors: Kennedy Caitlin M. , Pennington Audrey Flak , Darrow Lyndsey A. , Klein Mitchel , Zhai Xinxin , Bates Josephine T. , Russell Armistead G. , Hansen Craig , Tolbert Paige E. , Strickland Matthew J. 
Published: February 2018

Background:
Exposure to air pollution from motor vehicles in early life may increase susceptibility to common pediatric infections.

Methods:
We estimated associations between residential exposure to primary fine particulate matter, nitrogen oxides, and carbon monoxide from traffic during the first year of life and incident pneumonia, bronchiolitis, and otitis media events by age 2 years in 22,441 children from the Kaiser Air Pollution and Pediatric Asthma Study, a retrospective birth cohort of children born during 2000–2010 and insured by Kaiser Permanente Georgia. Time to first clinical diagnosis of each outcome was defined using medical records. Exposure to traffic pollutants was based on observation-calibrated estimates from A Research LINE-source dispersion model for near surface releases and child residential histories. Associations were modeled using Cox proportional hazards models, with exposure as a continuous linear variable, a natural-log transformed continuous variable, and categorized by quintiles.

Results:
During follow-up, 2,181 children were diagnosed with pneumonia, 5,533 with bronchiolitis, and 14,374 with otitis media. We observed positive associations between early-life traffic exposures and all three outcomes; confidence intervals were widest for pneumonia as it was the least common outcome. For example, adjusted hazard ratios for a 1-unit increase in nitrogen oxides on the natural log scale (a 2.7-fold increase) were 1.19 (95% CI = 1.12, 1.27) for bronchiolitis, 1.17 (1.12, 1.22) for otitis media, and 1.08 (0.97, 1.20) for pneumonia.

Conclusions:
Our results provide evidence for modest, positive associations between exposure to traffic emissions and common pediatric infections during early childhood.
Development and Validation of a Simultaneous Quantification Method of Ruxolitinib, Vismodegib, Olaparib, and Pazopanib in Human Plasma Using Liquid Chromatography Coupled With Tandem Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Pressiat Claire , Huynh Huu-Hien , Plé Alain , Sauvageon Hélène , Madelaine Isabelle , Chougnet Cécile , Le Maignan Christine , Mourah Samia , Goldwirt Lauriane 
Published: February 2018

Background:
A simple, rapid, and sensitive liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry method has been developed and validated for the quantification of ruxolitinib, olaparib, vismodegib, and pazopanib in human plasma.

Methods:
After a simple protein precipitation of plasma samples, the chromatographic separation was performed using an ultraperformance liquid chromatography system coupled with mass tandem spectrometry in a positive ionization mode. The mobile phase consisted of a gradient elution of 10-mmol/L formate ammonium buffer containing 0.1% (vol/vol) formic acid (phase A) and acetonitrile with 0.1% (vol/vol) formic acid (phase B) at a flow rate at 300 µL/min.

Results:
Analysis time was 5.0 minutes per run, and all analytes and internal standards eluted within 1.5–1.73 minutes. The calibration curves were linear over the range from 10 to 2500 ng/mL for ruxolitinib and from 100 to 100,000 ng/mL for olaparib, vismodegib, and pazopanib with coefficients of correlation above 0.99 for all analytes. The intraday and interday coefficients of variation were below 14.26% and 14.81%, respectively, for lower concentration and below 9.94% and 6.37%, respectively, for higher concentration.

Conclusions:
Using liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry, we have developed and validated a simple and rapid assay for the simultaneous quantification of olaparib, vismodegib, pazopanib, and ruxolitinib in human plasma. This method is now part of our therapeutic drug monitoring service provision and is currently used clinically to manage patients prescribed these drugs.
THREE-YEAR OUTCOMES IN A RANDOMIZED SINGLE-BLIND CONTROLLED TRIAL OF INTRAVITREAL RANIBIZUMAB AND ORAL SUPPLEMENTATION WITH DOCOSAHEXAENOIC ACID AND ANTIOXIDANTS FOR DIABETIC MACULAR EDEMA
Authors: Lafuente María , Ortín Lourdes , Argente María , Guindo José L. , López-Bernal María D. , López-Román Francisco J. , Domingo Joan Carles , Lajara Jerónimo 
Published: February 2018

Purpose:
To report 3-year results of a randomized single-blind controlled trial of intravitreal ranibizumab combined with oral docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplementation versus ranibizumab alone in patients with diabetic macular edema.

Methods:
There were 26 patients (31 eyes) in the DHA group and 29 (38 eyes) in the control group. Ranibizumab (0.5 mg) was administered monthly for the first 4 months followed by a pro re nata (PRN) regimen. In the experimental group, patients received oral DHA supplementation (1,050 mg/day) (Brudyretina 1.5 g).

Results:
At 36 months, mean decrease of central subfield macular thickness was higher in the DHA-supplementation group than in controls (275 ± 50 μm vs. 310 ± 97 μm) with significant differences at Months 25, 30, 33, and 34. Between-group differences in best-corrected visual acuity were not found, but the percentages of ETRDS gains >5 and >10 letters were higher in the DHA-supplementation group. Differences serum HbA1c, plasma total antioxidant capacity values, erythrocyte DHA content, and serum IL-6 levels were all significant in favor of the DHA-supplementation group.

Conclusion:
The addition of a high-rich DHA dietary supplement to intravitreal ranibizumab was effective to achieve better sustained improvement of central subfield macular thickness outcomes after 3 years of follow-up as compared with intravitreal ranibizumab alone.
ASSOCIATION OF OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA WITH CENTRAL SEROUS CHORIORETINOPATHY AND CHOROIDAL THICKNESS
Authors: Wu Chris Y. , Riangwiwat Tanawan , Rattanawong Pattara , Nesmith Brooke L. W. , Deobhakta Avnish 
Published: February 2018

Purpose:
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has been associated with an array of ocular disorders. This systematic review aims to investigate the association of OSA with central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) and subfoveal choroidal thickness changes on enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography.

Methods:
Systematic review and meta-analysis of all articles published up to November 2017 examining rate of OSA in patients with CSCR versus controls or examining subfoveal choroidal thickness measurements on enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography in patients with OSA versus controls. Pooled odds ratios and weighted mean difference with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated.

Results:
For the CSCR/OSA analysis, 7,238 patients (1,479 with CSCR and 5,759 controls) from 6 studies were eligible. For the choroidal thickness/OSA analysis, 778 eyes of 778 patients (514 with OSA and 264 controls) from 9 studies were eligible. Patients with CSCR had a 1.56 increased odds of having OSA than controls (odds ratio, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.16–2.10). There was no statistically significant difference in choroidal thickness between mild OSA subjects and controls (weighted mean difference = −3.17; 95% CI, −19.10 to 12.76). Patients with moderate OSA (weighted mean difference = −24.14; 95% CI, −42.16 to −6.12) and severe OSA (weighted mean difference = −51.19; 95% CI, −99.30 to −3.08) had thinner choroidal thickness measurements than controls.

Conclusion:
In summary, our results suggest that patients with CSCR are more likely to have OSA, and that moderate/severe OSA is associated with smaller subfoveal choroidal measurements on enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography.
USE OF THE ISCHEMIC INDEX ON WIDEFIELD FLUORESCEIN ANGIOGRAPHY TO CHARACTERIZE A CENTRAL RETINAL VEIN OCCLUSION AS ISCHEMIC OR NONISCHEMIC
Authors: Thomas Akshay S. , Thomas Mridul K. , Finn Avni P. , Fekrat Sharon 
Published: February 2018

Purpose:
To understand the relationship between baseline ischemic index (IsI) values on ultra-widefield fluorescein angiography and classification as ischemic central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO).

Methods:
Single-center retrospective cohort study of CRVO patients imaged using ultra-widefield fluorescein angiography from which IsI values were calculated. An ischemic CRVO was defined as those eyes with an afferent pupillary defect and counting fingers acuity or worse or neovascularization during the first year of follow-up. Logistic regression was performed to characterize the relation between the IsI and clinical outcomes.

Results:
Sixty eyes of 60 treatment-naive CRVO patients with baseline ultra-widefield fluorescein angiography and ≥1 year of follow-up were identified. Those with an IsI ≥35% were significantly more likely to have an ischemic CRVO during the first year of follow-up than those with an IsI <35% (83.3 vs. 13.9%, odds ratio 111, P < 0.0001). Baseline and final logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution acuity were worse in eyes with an IsI ≥35% (1.18 vs. 0.46, P < 0.001 and 1.26 vs. 0.45, P < 0.001, respectively) despite similar baseline and final central subfield thickness (P = 0.1–0.23).

Conclusion:
A baseline IsI of ≥35% on ultra-widefield fluorescein angiography in eyes with treatment-naive CRVO was sensitive (90%) and specific (92.5%) for classification as an ischemic CRVO during the first year of follow-up.
Dyadic differences in friendships of adolescents with chronic pain compared with pain-free peers
Authors: Forgeron Paula A. , Chambers Christine T. , Cohen Janice , Dick Bruce D. , Finley G. Allen , Lamontagne Christine 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
A multisite cross-sectional study was conducted to examine dyadic friendship features between adolescents with chronic pain (ACP) and their friends compared with non-pain adolescent friendship dyads and the association of these friendship features with loneliness and depressive symptoms. Participants completed a battery of standardized measures to capture friendship features (friendship quality, closeness, and perceived social support from friends) and indices of social–emotional well-being. Sixty-one same sex friendship dyads (122 adolescents) participated; 30 friendship dyads included an adolescent with chronic pain and 52 dyads were female. Adolescents with chronic pain scored significantly higher on measures of loneliness and depressive symptoms compared with all other participants. Hierarchical Multiple Regression analysis revealed that friendship features predicted loneliness and depressive symptoms. Chronic pain predicted loneliness and depressive symptoms above and beyond friendship features. Actor Partner Interdependence Modeling found perceived social support from friends had differing associations on loneliness and depressive symptoms for dyads with a chronic pain member compared with pain-free control dyads. Friendship features were associated with loneliness and depressive symptoms for adolescents, but friendship features alone did not explain loneliness and depressive symptoms for ACP. Further research is needed to understand whether pain-related social support improves loneliness and depressive symptoms for ACP. Furthermore, a more nuanced understanding of loneliness in this population is warranted. Strategies to help ACP garner needed social support from friends are needed to decrease rates of loneliness to improve long-term outcomes.
Identifying Demographic and Preadmission Factors Predictive of Success on the National Physical Therapy Licensure Examination for Graduates of a Public Physical Therapist Education Program
Authors: Coleman-Salgado Bryan , Barakatt Edward 
Published: February 2018

Background and Purpose.
A primary outcome of concern to the California State University, Sacramento physical therapy program is the ability of graduates to pass the National Physical Therapy Examination (NPTE) for licensure. The purpose of this case study was to identify the predictive strength of preadmission demographic factors, academic performance, and standardized test scores in graduates' ability to pass the NPTE.

Case Description.
Preadmission data from 11 years of graduates from a single Master of Physical Therapy (MPT) program (n = 320) were analyzed, including prerequisite grade point average (pGPA), analytic Graduate Record Examination (GRE), verbal GRE and quantitative GRE (qGRE) scores, sex, English as a second language (ESL) status, and NPTE test results. The bivariate association of each preadmission variable to NPTE success was assessed, and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to determine the optimal cutoff score of each continuous variable. Multifactor logistic regression analysis was performed to determine which independent variables were most predictive of NPTE success.

Outcomes.
Of the 320 MPT graduates, 284 (88.7%) passed the NPTE on the first attempt and 305 (95.3%) passed on the first or second attempt. Of all MPT graduates, 182 (57%) were females, and 57 (18%) reported that English was their second language. All three of the GRE subscale average scores, pGPA, and ESL were significantly associated with NPTE outcomes. Persons with ESL were significantly more likely to need more than one attempt to pass the NPTE. The qGRE score was found to be the strongest predictor of NPTE outcomes in the multifactor logistic regression analysis, whether looking at first-time passing rates or second-time pass rates.

Discussion and Conclusion.
The strongest preadmission variable for NPTE success was the qGRE score of ≥29th percentile, and this cutoff score explained the variance predicted by ESL and pGPA. The admission committee used this data to implement an evidence-based admission's minimum threshold for qGRE. This case is an example of how a physical therapist education program can analyze its own data to apply evidence to its admission criteria that best serve the mission of the program.
High Rates of High-Grade Cervical Dysplasia in High-Risk Young Women With Low-Grade Cervical Cytology
Authors: Daily Laura R. , Erickson Britt K. , Pasko Daniel N. , Straughn J. Michael , Huh Warner K. , Leath Charles A. 
Published: February 2018

ObjectiveThe aim of the study was to determine rates of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 2 or greater in high-risk, racially diverse, young women with low-grade cytology.Materials and MethodsAfter institutional review board approval, a cross-sectional study of 21- to 24-year-old women with low-grade cytology (atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance, high-risk human papillomavirus+, low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, or human papillomavirus+ only) managed with colposcopy at our university-based clinic between May 2011 and April 2013 were identified. Demographics and pathologic data were collected including age, race, parity, smoking status, screening history, and histology. Studentttest and χ2tests were used to compare women with and without CIN 2 or 3. Univariate analysis was performed with demographic data.ResultsOne thousand fifty-eight women with a mean (SD) age of 22.5 (1.1) were included. Most patients (59.5%) were parous, 36.1% were smokers, and most (52.9%) were black. These patients were considered high risk because of their lower socioeconomic status, minority status, lack of insurance, or having Medicaid and therefore had limited access to preventative health care. Based on colposcopy, the prevalence of CIN 2+ was 19.1%: 13.9% (95% CI = 11.9–16.1) CIN 2 and 5.1% (95% CI = 3.9–6.6) CIN 3. There was an overall prevalence of 4.7% (95% CI = 3.7%–6.3%) of CIN 3 from excisional pathology from the 157 of 185 patients who returned for a recommended excisional procedure. Smoking (odds ratio = 1.64, 95% CI = 1.2–2.25) and a history of high-grade cytology (odds ratio = 2.06, 95% CI = 1.02–4.01) were associated with CIN 2/3.ConclusionsHigh prevalence of CIN 2/3 in young women with low-grade cervical cytology in this population suggests that it may be prudent to consider alternative surveillance such as colposcopy in similar high-risk populations.
Early Treatment Response Predicts Outcome in Paediatric Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Gasparetto Marco , Wong‐Spracklen Vivien , Torrente Franco , Howell Kate , Brennan Mary , Noble‐Jamieson Gabriele , Heuschkel Robert , Zilbauer Matthias 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACTThe disease course of children with ulcerative colitis (UC) varies substantially. Published data on predictors of disease outcomes in children remain scarce. We validate clinical predictors of outcomes in 93 children with UC in a single centre (age range: 2–18 years, minimum follow‐up: 18 months). We stratified children into 3 groups according to their disease course, that is, 1 = mild (38/93, 40.9%), 2 = moderate (38/93, 40.9%), 3 = severe (17, 18.2%). Comparison of clinical and biochemical parameters was performed between groups using Chi‐square, Mann‐Whitney, and log‐rank tests. Predictors of a severe disease course included pancolitis (P 0.01), low albumin (P 0.005), low haemoglobin at diagnosis (P 0.04), paediatric ulcerative colitis activity index (PUCAI) at 3 months, and nonresponse to steroids at 3 months (P 0.0001). In our cohort, failure to achieve remission at 3 months implied an 80% likelihood to require biologics or major surgery within 18 months. A specific 3‐month review point is recommended to guide future management.
Characterization of Chemical Constituents of Human Sweat
Authors: Moulvi Aafrinnaz , Minz Pooja , Rath Subrata , Ashma Richa 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThere is a strong evidence in the literature that human odor is unique to an individual; therefore, the focus of this study was to strengthen this evidence through the testing of sweat samples on unrelated individuals with the same ethnicity. Sweat samples were collected from 42 unrelated Indian males and females residing in the same city to determine the chemical constituents in human sweat. The volatile compounds of sweat were subsequently analyzed and identified using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, and a National Institute of Standards and Technology library was used for individual profiling. A total of 78 compounds were identified in human sweat tested with 22 compounds found to be unique to the individual (frequency of occurrence one). A scent profile, or “chexmotype,” unique to the sweat of each individual was obtained. This is the first extensive study on an Indian population with 36 new compounds detected in human sweat.
Randomized Cross-over Comparison of Icon™ Reusable Underwear to Disposable Pads for the Management of Mild to Moderate Urinary Incontinence
Authors: Alam Pakeeza A. , Burkett Linda S. , Clark Brett A. , White Nicola C. , Tefera Eshetu A. , Richter Lee A. 
Published: February 2018

Objective
The objective of this study was to compare disposable pads to Icon™ reusable underwear for the management of urinary incontinence on dimensions of quality of life and product performance.

Methods
This randomized cross-over trial included women with mild to moderate urinary incontinence as defined by baseline responses to the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire—Short Form. Excluded were patients who had fecal incontinence or an active urinary tract infection. Participants were randomized to 2 days of Icon™ underwear or disposable pads use and then completed another 2 days using the alternate product. Outcome measures were responses to Incontinence Quality of Life Instrument (I-QOL) and Product Performance Questionnaire for each product.

Results
Of the 70 women who were randomized, 52 completed the study. There was no significant difference between Icon™ underwear and disposable pads with regards to I-QOL total scores (66.2 ± 23.4 vs 65.5 ± 24.5, P = 0.71) or I-QOL subscores: avoidance and limiting behaviors (62.1 ± 24.4 vs 62.4 ± 25.0, P = 0.88), psychosocial impacts (74.4 ± 25.0 vs 73.4 ± 25.6, P = 0.51), and social embarrassment (57.8 ± 27.8 vs 56.1 ± 29.5, P = 0.43). Icon™ underwear scored significantly better than disposable pads on the Product Performance Questionnaire, with regards to overall impression (P = 0.0002), fit (P < 0.0001), discreteness (P < 0.0001), comfort when dry (P < 0.0001), comfort when wet (P = 0.0008), ability to keep skin dry (P = 0.0034), and kindness to skin (P < 0.0001). There was no difference between products in ability to hold urine without leaking (P = 0.40) or prevent odor when worn (P = 0.41).

Conclusions
There was no difference in quality of life measures between Icon™ underwear and disposable pad users; however, Icon™ underwear was preferred on product performance.