bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Retracted: Long non‐coding RNA reprogramming (lncRNA‐ROR) regulates cell apoptosis and autophagy in chondrocytes
Authors: Yang Zhongmeng , Tang Yuxing , Lu Huading , Shi Bo , Ye Yongheng , Xu Guoyong , Zhao Qing 
Published: June 2018

AbstractLong Non‐Coding RNA Reprogramming (lncRNA‐ROR) plays an important role in regulating various biologic processes, whereas the effect of lncRNA‐ROR in osteoarthritis (OA) is little studied. This study aimed to explore lncRNA‐ROR expression in articular cartilage and identify the functional mechanism of lncRNA‐ROR in OA. OA cartilage tissues were obtained from 15 OA patients, and 6 normal cartilage tissues were set as controls. Chondrocytes were isolated from the collected cartilage tissues. lncRNA‐ROR was knockdown in normal cells and overexpressed in OA cells. Cell viability was determined with Cell Counting Kit‐8 assay, and apoptosis was measured using flow cytometric analysis. Moreover, proteins and mRNAs involved in this study were also measured using Western blotting and quantitative real‐time PCR (qPCR). Level of lncRNA‐ROR was decreased in OA compared with normal chondrocytes, and overexpression of lncRNA‐ROR dramatically promoted cell viability of OA chondrocytes. In addition, knockdown lncRNA‐ROR inhibited apoptosis and promoted autophagy of normal chondrocytes. Moreover, lncRNA‐ROR inhibited the expression of p53 in both mRNA and protein levels. Furthermore, we revealed that lncRNA‐ROR regulated apoptosis and autophagy of chondrocytes via HIF1α and p53. The results indicated that lncRNA‐ROR played a critical role in the pathogenesis of OA, suggesting that lncRNA‐ROR could serve as a new potential therapeutic target for OA.
Systems change in the context of an initiative to scale up Housing First in Canada
Authors: Nelson Geoffrey , Worton S. Kathleen , Macnaughton Eric , Tsemberis Sam , MacLeod Tim , Hasford Julian , Goering Paula , Stergiopoulos Vicky , Aubry Tim , Distasio Jino 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIn this study, we examine changes in the homeless‐serving system in the context of a training and technical assistance initiative to scale up Housing First (HF) in 6 Canadian communities. Based on qualitative data from focus groups and individual interviews with key stakeholders (k = 7, n = 35) and field notes gathered over a 3‐year period (n = 146), we found 2 main system changes: (a) changes in the capacity of the service delivery system at multiple levels of analysis (from individual to policy) to implement HF, and (b) changes in the coordination of parts of the service delivery system and collaboration among local stakeholders to enhance HF implementation. These changes were facilitated or constrained by the larger context of evidence, climate, policy, and funding. The findings were discussed in terms of systems change theory and implications for transformative systems change in the mental health and homelessness sectors.
Scalable culture of human induced pluripotent cells on microcarriers under xeno‐free conditions using single‐use vertical‐wheel™ bioreactors
Authors: Rodrigues Carlos AV , Silva Teresa P , Nogueira Diogo ES , Fernandes Tiago G , Hashimura Yas , Wesselschmidt Robin , Diogo Maria Margarida , Lee Brian , Cabral Joaquim MS 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDHuman induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) are expected to become powerful tools for disease modelling, for the discovery and testing of new drugs and, ultimately, for regenerative therapies. The success of these applications depends on the development of scalable bioprocesses capable of generating large numbers of hiPSC and derivatives.RESULTSIn this work, the novel vertical‐wheel single‐use bioreactors were used for the first time for the expansion of hiPSC under xeno‐free conditions. Cultures were performed on microcarriers in two different scales of vessels (100 and 500 mL with 80 and 300 mL working volumes, respectively), leading to maximum cell densities up to 1.21 ± 0.02 × 106 cells mL−1 and volumetric productivities of 2.01 ± 0.04 × 105 cells mL−1 day−1. The pluripotency as well as a normal karyotype were maintained after cell expansion. Consistency of the processes was confirmed with a different hiPSC line, which is an important aspect for a personalized medicine approach.CONCLUSIONThe results here described demonstrate the feasibility of scalable production of hiPSC in a microcarrier‐based system using vertical‐wheel bioreactors. The protocols developed in this study provide a Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP)‐compliant system for hiPSC manufacturing which may be an important step towards the successful implementation of hiPSC‐based products. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Rapid assessment of lamp spectrum to quantify ecological effects of light at night
Authors: Longcore Travis , Rodríguez Airam , Witherington Blair , Penniman Jay F. , Herf Lorna , Herf Michael 
Published: June 2018

AbstractFor many decades, the spectral composition of lighting was determined by the type of lamp, which also influenced potential effects of outdoor lights on species and ecosystems. Light‐emitting diode (LED) lamps have dramatically increased the range of spectral profiles of light that is economically viable for outdoor lighting. Because of the array of choices, it is necessary to develop methods to predict the effects of different spectral profiles without conducting field studies, especially because older lighting systems are being replaced rapidly. We describe an approach to predict responses of exemplar organisms and groups to lamps of different spectral output by calculating an index based on action spectra from behavioral or visual characteristics of organisms and lamp spectral irradiance. We calculate relative response indices for a range of lamp types and light sources and develop an index that identifies lamps that minimize predicted effects as measured by ecological, physiological, and astronomical indices. Using these assessment metrics, filtered yellow‐green and amber LEDs are predicted to have lower effects on wildlife than high pressure sodium lamps, while blue‐rich lighting (e.g., K ≥ 2200) would have greater effects. The approach can be updated with new information about behavioral or visual responses of organisms and used to test new lighting products based on spectrum. Together with control of intensity, direction, and duration, the approach can be used to predict and then minimize the adverse effects of lighting and can be tailored to individual species or taxonomic groups.
The sensory equipment of a sandokanid: An extreme case of tarsal reduction in harvestmen (Arachnida, Opiliones, Laniatores)
Authors: Gainett Guilherme , Sharma Prashant P. , Giribet Gonzalo , Willemart Rodrigo H. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe study of sensory structures has the potential to provide insights into the natural history and evolution of animals. The sensory structures of arachnids are usually concentrated on the pedipalps (the tritocerebral appendages) or on the distal podomere (tarsus) of the anterior walking legs, the latter being the case for armored harvestmen (Opiliones, Laniatores). Therefore, modifications of the tarsus could have direct impacts on the sensory equipment of these animals. Using scanning electron microscopy, we investigated the sensory equipment in an extreme case of reduction in tarsal articles in the harvestman Sandokan truncatus (Sandokanidae), which bears a single tarsomere in all legs, and the potential consequences of this reduction. Additionally, we review the literature on the natural history of the family Sandokanidae. Tarsomeres of all legs are equipped with gustatory sensilla, mechanoreceptors, and a pore organ, but wall‐pored olfactory sensilla are restricted to tarsi I and II. Tarsi II present a higher density of olfactory sensilla and also putative campaniform sensilla (strain detectors), which indicates a special sensory function of this pair of legs. Other podomeres are covered with shelled sensilla, a probable chemoreceptor previously unreported in Opiliones. Overall, S. truncatus has types of sensilla largely comparable to harvestmen with longer and subdivided tarsi. However, S. truncatus also exhibits extra‐tarsal sensory fields of sensilla basiconica (putative thermo‐/hygroreceptors) in previously undescribed sites, and the unique pore organs. Our results establish a basis for further research investigating the natural history, as well as the evolutionary correlations and mechanistic causes of the tarsal reduction in this enigmatic lineage.
Ideal gas thermochemical properties of silicon containing inorganic, organic compounds, radicals, and ions
Authors: Burcat Alexander , Goos Elke 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe ideal gas thermochemical properties such as standard heat of formation, entropy, and heat capacities of 112 inorganic and 35 organic neutral compounds, radicals, and ions containing silicon were calculated using molecular properties obtained with the G3B3 (or G3//B3LYP) method. Among them were linear and cyclic silanes, silenes, hydrocarbonsilanes, fluorine, and oxygen containing compounds. Many of their molecular and thermodynamic properties were calculated for the first time and 16 of them had no CAS number.Additionally the thermochemical properties were presented in the NASA 7 term polynomial format for the temperature range of 200‐6000 K commonly used in chemical kinetic modeling and simulation programs. The polynomials are available in the Supporting Information supplement to this article free of charge.
pH‐Responsive Nanoparticles for Controllable Curcumin Delivery: The Design of Polycation Core with Different Structures
Authors: Feng Hailiang , Wang Changrong , Zhou Junhui , Liu Jinjian , Zhang Jianhua , Guo Ruiwei , Liu Jianfeng , Dong Anjie , Deng Liandong 
Published: June 2018

AbstractTo achieve low leakage at pH 7.4, pH‐controlled drug release remains a major challenge of cancer nanomedicine. Here, pH‐responsive mPEG113‐b‐polycaprolactone (PCL)x‐b‐PAEMAy (PELAx) nanoparticles (NPs)‐pH7.4 with different poly(2‐azepane ethyl methacrylate) (PAEMA) lengths and PELA4 nanoparticles (NPs)‐pHx with different pH conditions of preparing NPs based on mPEG113‐b‐PCLx‐b‐PAEMAy are prepared to investigate influences of PAEMA lengths and pH condition of preparing NPs on properties of NPs. PELAx NPs‐pH7.4 and PELA4 NPs‐pHx both undergo differently sharp property changes of size, charge, pH‐responsive drug release, cellular uptake, and cytotoxicity, because of the protonation of PAEMA block (pKa ≈ 6.5–6.7). Among PELAx NPs‐pH7.4 and PELA4 NPs‐pHx, it can be found that the NPs prepared at pKa value of PAEMA exhibited exciting pH‐responsive drug release, improving cellular uptake ability and obvious high cytotoxicity toward HepG‐2 cells. This system not only holds great potential for drug delivery but also provides a new strategy to prepare pH‐responsive NPs.
Chlorogenic Acid from Hawthorn Berry (Crataegus pinnatifida Fruit) Prevents Stress Hormone‐Induced Depressive Behavior, through Monoamine Oxidase B‐Reactive Oxygen Species Signaling in Hippocampal Astrocytes of Mice
Authors: Lim Dong Wook , Han Taewon , Jung Jonghoon , Song Yuri , Um Min Young , Yoon Minseok , Kim Yun Tai , Cho Seungmok , Kim In‐Ho , Han Daeseok , Lee Changho , Lee Jaekwang 
Published: June 2018

ScopeOxidative stress has been implicated in mental disorders, including depression. Chlorogenic acid (CGA), one of the abundant phenolic compounds in herbs and fruits, has the properties of a natural antioxidant and free‐radical scavenger. Therfore, we investigated the antidepressant‐like effects and active mechanisms of CGA from the extract of Crataegus pinnatifida (CP) fruit.Methods and resultsDepression‐like phenotypes were induced in mice by daily injection of stress hormone for 1–2 weeks. The brains of these animals exhibited reduced brain‐derived neurotrophic factor expression and increased astrocytic hypertrophy, which are typical markers of depression in animal models. Stress hormone injection 1) upregulated monoamine oxidase B (MAOB) expression and 2) reduced spine numbers along neuronal dendrites, which indicates synaptic depression. The oral administration of CGA (30 mg kg−1) or CP (300 mg kg−1) prevented MAOB activation following reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and had an ameliorative effect on depressive behavioral tests (e.g., tail suspension and forced swim tests). In vitro assays performed on cultured C8‐D1A cells revealed that CGA and CP inhibited MAOB activity and ROS production.ConclusionOur study indicates that CGA and CP extracts prevented depressive behavior and thereby have potential as natural antidepressants.
Changes in the specific absorption rate (SAR) of radiofrequency energy in patients with retained cardiac leads during MRI at 1.5T and 3T
Authors: Golestanirad Laleh , Rahsepar Amir Ali , Kirsch John E , Suwa Kenichiro , Collins Jeremy C. , Angelone Leonardo M. , Keil Boris , Passman Rod S. , Bonmassar Giorgio , Serano Peter , Krenz Peter , DeLap Jim , Carr James C. , Wald Lawrence L. 
Published: June 2018

PurposeTo evaluate the local specific absorption rate (SAR) and heating around retained cardiac leads during MRI at 64 MHz (1.5T) and 127 MHz (3T) as a function of RF coil type and imaging landmark.MethodsNumerical models of retained cardiac leads were built from CT and X‐ray images of 6 patients with retained cardiac leads. Electromagnetic simulations and bio‐heat modeling were performed with MRI RF body and head coils tuned to 64 MHz and 127 MHz and positioned at 9 different imaging landmarks covering an area from the head to the lower limbs.ResultsFor all patients and at both 1.5T and 3T, local transmit head coils produced negligible temperature rise (
) for
. For body imaging with quadrature‐driven coils at 1.5T,
during a 10‐min scan remained < 3°C at all imaging landmarks for
and <6°C for
. For body imaging at 3T,
during a 10‐min scan remained < 6°C at all imaging landmarks for
. For shorter pulse sequences up to 2 min,
remained < 6°C for
.ConclusionFor the models based on 6 patients studied, simulations suggest that MRI could be performed safely using a local head coil at both 1.5T and 3T, and with a body coil at 1.5T with pulses that produced
. MRI at 3T could be performed safely in these patients using pulses with
.
Size and weight estimations of the spangled emperor (Teleostei: Lethrinidae: Lethrinus nebulosus) from bone measurements elucidate the fishing grounds exploited and ancient seasonality at Akab (United Arab Emirates)
Authors: Lidour Kevin , Vorenger Justine , Béarez Philippe 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe presence of emperor fishes has been reported in several archaeo‐ichthyological studies in Eastern Arabia. The spangled emperor (Lethrinus nebulosus) is one of the main species currently composing annual landings in the central and southern Persian Gulf. Its presence outlines the importance of the coastal environments exploited during different life cycle stages, such as open‐water reefs and sheltered embayments, including grass beds. Osteometrical methods for estimating the life‐size from bones were developed during the last few decades. Measurements taken from the bones of 32 fresh spangled emperors, collected from a fish market in Umm al‐Quwain (United Arab Emirates) in February 2017, were exploited to calculate regression equations (power fits), allowing size estimations from archaeological remains. Because of the difficulties in identifying emperor species using bones, we also tested and discussed the validity of a generic model.The Neolithic site of Akab has provided more than 37,000 fish remains, mostly belonging to kawakawa tunas, trevallies, and seabreams, which suggest that fishing was essentially carried out during the winter. Relatively few bones (totalling 100 measurements) were identified as belonging to spangled emperors. However, because of the ecological features of this species, estimated sizes permitted investigations into which fishing grounds were exploited, and even provided new evidence regarding ancient seasonality of coastal occupation in Eastern Arabia.
Aprepitant for the prevention of chemotherapy‐induced nausea and vomiting in paediatric subjects: An analysis by age group
Authors: Kang Hyoung Jin , Loftus Susan , DiCristina Cara , Green Stuart , Pong Annpey , Zwaan Christian Michel 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBackgroundThis was a subgroup analysis of age group, dexamethasone use, and very highly emetogenic chemotherapy (VHEC) use from a randomised, multicentre, double‐blind, Phase 3 study of oral aprepitant in paediatric subjects.MethodsSubjects aged 6 months to 17 years scheduled to receive chemotherapeutic agents associated with at least moderate risk for emesis were randomly assigned to receive either aprepitant plus ondansetron (aprepitant regimen) or placebo plus ondansetron (control regimen); both could be administered with or without dexamethasone. This secondary analysis evaluated subjects stratified by pre‐specified age groups, dexamethasone use, and VHEC use. The primary endpoint of this analysis was the proportion of subjects who experienced complete response (CR) during the delayed phase.ResultsCR rates in the delayed phase were numerically higher with the aprepitant than the control regimen across all age categories, and reached significance for subjects aged 12–17 years (51% vs. 10%; P < 0.0001). In subjects receiving dexamethasone, CR was twice as high for the aprepitant versus control regimen in the 6 months to <2 year group (50% vs. 25%) and significantly higher in the 12–17 year group (40% vs. 7%, P < 0.05). CR was also significantly higher with aprepitant in the 6 months to <2 year and 12–17 year age groups who received VHEC. Similar proportions of subjects experiencing at least one adverse event were seen in both regimens across age categories.ConclusionA 3 day aprepitant regimen seemed effective and safe for prevention of chemotherapy‐induced nausea and vomiting in paediatric subjects across subgroups (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01362530).
Treatment of pediatric plasma cell myeloma type post‐transplant lymphoproliferative disorder with modern risk‐directed therapy
Authors: Epperly Rebecca , Ozolek John , Soltys Kyle , Cohen Debra , Goyal Rakesh , Friehling Erika 
Published: June 2018

AbstractPost‐transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) related plasma cell neoplasms are rare in pediatric patients. We report a pediatric liver transplant recipient with plasma cell myeloma type PTLD. Cytogenetics included 1q duplication, associated with poor prognosis in adult multiple myeloma, and t(8;14). High‐risk cytogenetics has not been reported in pediatric plasma cell myeloma type PTLD. The patient was treated with bortezomib, dexamethasone, and lenalidomide with subsequent autologous stem cell transplant. He achieved a 6‐year remission, demonstrating tolerance to and efficacy of this modern myeloma regimen in a pediatric patient. Unfortunately, he subsequently died from complications of repeat liver transplant.
Clinical utility of endocrine markers predicting myocardial siderosis in transfusion dependent thalassemia major
Authors: Ehsan Lubaina , Rashid Mariam , Alvi Najveen , Awais Khadija , Nadeem Omair , Asghar Aleezay , Sajjad Fatimah , Fatima Malika , Qidwai Asim , Hussain Shabneez , Hasan Erum , Brown Nick , Altaf Sadaf , Hasan Babar , Kirmani Salman 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBackgroundEndocrinopathy due to iron overload is the most common morbidity whereas myocardial siderosis causing toxic cardiomyopathy is the leading cause of mortality among patients with transfusion dependent thalassemia major (TDTM). If detected early, this can be treated with aggressive chelation. T2* cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) guided chelation protocols are now the gold standard but have limited availability in low and middle‐income countries. We hypothesized that markers of endocrine dysfunction would correlate with T2* CMR and can be used to predict the severity of myocardial siderosis and guide chelation therapy.MethodologyWe undertook a multicenter retrospective study of 280 patients with TDTM to assess the prevalence of endocrinopathies and the predictive value of a number of individual and composite markers of endocrinopathy with T2* CMR.ResultsThe prevalence of hypogonadism, stunting, hypoparathyroidism, and hypothyroidism was 82%, 69%, 40%, and 30%, respectively. The sensitivity of hypogonadism and stunting predicting severe myocardial siderosis was 90% and 80%, respectively.ConclusionWe conclude that clinical markers of endocrine dysfunction, especially hypogonadism (positive likelihood ratio [LR+] = 1.4, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.0–1.9; positive predictive value [PPV] = 77%, 95% CI = 70–82; negative predictive value [NPV] = 57%, 95% CI = 34–77] and stunting (LR+ = 1.3, 95% CI = 1.1–1.6; PPV = 64%, 95% CI = 60–69; NPV = 55%, 95% CI = 45–64) in TDTM can predict severe myocardial siderosis and can potentially guide chelation therapy, especially where access to T2* CMR is limited.
Autophagy inducers restore impaired autophagy, reduce apoptosis, and attenuate blunted alveolarization in hyperoxia‐exposed newborn rats
Authors: Zhang Dan , Wu Linlin , Du Yanna , Zhu Yuting , Pan Bingting , Xue Xindong , Fu Jianhua 
Published: June 2018

AbstractAimAutophagy is a common process during development. Abnormal autophagy can impact cell apoptosis. Previous studies have shown that apoptosis is present during bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). However, there is no consensus on the level of coexisting autophagy. This study was designed to investigate the role of autophagy and the effects of autophagy inducers in a BPD model.MethodA total of 100 newborn Sprague‐Dawley rats were randomly assigned to model and control groups. BPD models were established by hyperoxic induction(FiO2 0.80). Some of them were treated with autophagy‐inducing agents.ResultAs compared to the control group, more autophagic bodies were found within Type II alveolar epithelial cells (AT‐II cells) under transmission electron microscopy (TEM) in the model group at 3 d . These autophagic bodies were also accompanied by apoptotic bodies and expression of both bodies peaked at 7 d. As shown by TdT‐mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL), there were more apoptotic cells in the model group than in the control group. Protein expression levels of LC3B‐II, p62, Lamp1, and cleaved Caspase‐3 increased with increased hyperoxic exposure time. No significant differences were observed in the mRNA expression levels of LC3B, p62, and Lamp1. After introducing an autophagy inducer, either rapamycin or lithium chloride, the radial alveolar count (RAC) value of BPD model group increased as compared with placebo group, the thickness of alveolar septum decreased, while apoptosis decreased.ConclusionReduced autophagy resulting from blocked autophagy flow may be a key link in the pathogenesis of BPD. By enhancing repressed autophagy, apoptosis could be reduced and alveolar development improved.