bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hyalinized Neurofibromas: Not Just Rare Variants in Skin of the Female Breast
Authors: McHugh Kelsey E. , Sturgis Charles D. , Bergfeld Wilma F. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract:
Although classical neurofibromas are commonly encountered skin lesions, histologic variants are infrequent. We report a greater than 15-year retrospective review of a single institution's experience with the histopathologic diagnosis of neurofibroma of the female breast with a focus on the hyalinized variant. An electronic histopathology record review (CoPathPlus; Cerner Corp, North Kansas City, MO) was conducted from January 1, 2000, to October 16, 2015, for all “neurofibroma” diagnoses rendered in “females” at the anatomical site “breast”. All cases were microscopically revisited and subclassified into 1 of 10 histopathologic categories. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) for S100, tryptase, and CD117 were performed on 19 hyalinized and 19 age-matched classical neurofibromas. During the study period, 62,021 breast specimens were reviewed at our institution. Of these, 86 (0.14%) were diagnosed as neurofibromas. Subclassification was as follows: 50 classical (58%), 19 hyalinized (22%), 6 diffuse (7%), 5 cellular (6%), 3 myxoid (4%), 2 epithelioid (2%), and 1 plexiform (1%). All hyalinized and age-matched classical neurofibromas were S100 positive. The mean number of IHC-positive mast cells per high-power field (hpf) was 34.5 by tryptase and 26.8 by CD117 for the hyalinized subset and 22.5 by tryptase and 19.3 by CD117 for the classical cohort. Published literature reports a 2.6% incidence of hyalinized neurofibromas at nonspecial cutaneous sites. Our series details a 22% incidence in the breast. Regarding pathophysiology, there is a statistically significant increase in the average number of IHC-positive mast cells per hpf in hyalinized variants when compared with classical neurofibromas of the breast both by tryptase (P = 0.00157) and CD117 (P = 0.00901).
Pulmonary hypertension with massive megalosplenia
Authors: Yi Tieci , Ma Wei , Qiu Jianxing , Ding Wenhui 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a complicated disease which has complex causes and poor outcome. Many factors are involved in the increase of pulmonary artery pressure. It is often difficult to identify the specific cause of a particular patient. However, identifying the etiology is of great importance for specifying treatment strategies and improving the prognosis of patients.

Patient concerns:
A 58-year-old male was admitted because of fatigue, breath shortness for 6 months, which got worse in the last 3 months. The ultrasound cardiogram (UCG) indicated a remarkably elevated pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP = 82 mm Hg). He had hypertension for 15 years. Besides, his spleen was found to be enlarged since 15 years ago. Bone marrow biopsy of the patient revealed myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) with severe myelofibrosis (MF).

Diagnosis:
Myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) with severe myelofibrosis (MF) which in turn caused PH and portal vein hypertension (PVH).

Interventions:
We treated the patient with diuretics and fosinopril, and also steroids and thalidomide for his MPN/MF.

Outcomes:
Two weeks later, the pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) was remarkably decreased (PASP = 53.1 mm Hg by UCG, mean PAP = 21 mm Hg by right cardiac catheterization). Within 2 years’ follow-up, his circulatory state and hematological state remained stable.

Lessons:
It is often difficult to define the cause of PH, but it is important for making the appropriate treatment at the same time.
Effect of chronic kidney disease in ischemic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Hueb Thiago Ovanessian , Lima Eduardo Gomes , Rocha Mauricio S. , Siqueira Sergio F. , Nishioka Silvana Angelina Dório , Peixoto Giselle L. , Saccab Marcos M. , Garcia Rosa Maria Rahmi , Ramires José Antonio F. , Kalil Filho Roberto , Martinelli Filho Martino 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
A strong association exists between chronic kidney disease (CKD) and coronary artery disease (CAD). The role of CKD in the long-term prognosis of CAD patients with versus those without CKD is unknown. This study investigated whether CKD affects ventricular function.
From January 2009 to January 2010, 918 consecutive patients were selected from an outpatient database. Patients had undergone percutaneous, surgical, or clinical treatment and were followed until May 2015.
In patients with preserved renal function (n = 405), 73 events (18%) occurred, but 108 events (21.1%) occurred among those with CKD (n = 513) (P < .001). Regarding left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) <50%, we found 84 events (21.5%) in CKD patients and 12 (11.8%) in those with preserved renal function (P < .001). The presence of LVEF <50% brought about a modification effect. Death occurred in 22 (5.4%) patients with preserved renal function and in 73 (14.2%) with CKD (P < .001). In subjects with LVEF <50%, 66 deaths (16.9%) occurred in CKD patients and 7 (6.9%) in those with preserved renal function (P = .001). No differences were found in CKD strata regarding events or overall death among those with preserved LVEF. In a multivariate model, creatinine clearance remained an independent predictor of death (P < .001).
We found no deleterious effects of CKD in patients with CAD when ventricular function was preserved. However, there was a worse prognosis in patients with CKD and ventricular dysfunction.
Resgistry number is ISRCTN17786790 at https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN17786790.
Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the seminal vesicle
Authors: Fang Lu , Hong Qian , Chen Lei , Wang Yi , Bi Liang-Kuan , Xie Dong-Dong , Yu De-Xin 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Primary squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the seminal vesicle is extremely rare, and the clinical characteristics of this kind of malignancy are still unclear.

Patient concerns:
A 62-year-old male patient presented with complaints of sensation of rectal tenesmus and dysuria.

Diagnosis:
Ultrasonography suggested a hypoechoic mass behind the bladder, meanwhile, computerized tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a 40 mm × 45 mm × 48 mm mixed solid/cystic tumorous lesion in the right seminal vesicle. Postoperative histology confirmed the diagnosis of primary SCC in the seminal vesicle.

Intervention:
The mass was surgically excised with a laparoscopic approach. Postoperatively, 6 cycles of chemotherapy and 50 Gy of external beam radiation were concurrently performed on this patient.

Outcomes:
No local recurrence or distant metastasis was detected within 2 years after the surgery.

Lessons:
Primary SCC of the seminal vesicle is a rare neoplasm with a poor prognosis. Clinically, it is crucial to establish early precise diagnosis and apply multimodality treatment.
Screw view model of navigation in posterior corrective surgery for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis
Authors: Yu Tong , Yang Lili , Zheng Shuang , Qu Yang , Zhang Xiwen , Kang Mingyang , Dong Rongpeng , Zhao Jianwu 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
The purpose of this study is to introduce the application of screw view model of navigation (SVMN) for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). It is a challenge to insert pedicle screw into the vertebral body of scoliosis, and the misplaced screw may lead to neurovascular injury. In order to minimize surgical complications, we used a novel method of SVMN technology to facilitate pedicle screw insertion.

Patient concerns:
Her mother brought her to our outpatient department upon noticing the girl's different heights of shoulders and unbalance of the trunk.

Diagnoses:
She was diagnosed with AIS and syringomyelia.

Interventions:
We used an SVMN technology to assist pedicle screw insertion and correction surgery in this 20-year-old patient.

Outcomes:
This study indicates that the SVMN could obtain a satisfactory surgical effect for AIS. The Cobb angle of segmental scoliosis (T7-L2) was 55° before surgery, and 3.5° after surgery, and the rate of correction was 93.6%. The segmental kyphosis (T7-L1) was 56.8° preoperatively and 32° postoperatively with the rate of correction of 43.6%. The distance between the center sacral vertical line (CSVL) and the C7 plumb line (CPL) was reduced from 56.2 mm to 0.2 mm, and the sagittal imbalance of 35.8 mm was improved to 3.5 mm. In addition, the misplacement of pedicle screws, the volume of blood loss, the operation time, and surgical complications were also recorded. The follow-up duration was 33 months.

Lessons:
The utilization of SVMN in AIS might reduce the incidence of screw misplacement and avoid neurovascular damage, as well as a satisfactory correction. The application of SVMN for AIS is an efficacious and safe method.
Effects of phenytoin on serum levels of homocysteine, vitamin B12, folate in patients with epilepsy
Authors: Xu Yubin , Zhang Na , Xu Shanshan , Xu Hongyan , Chen Saizhen , Xia Zhelin 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Background:
To determine the influence of phenytoin (PHT) monotherapy on the serum levels of homocysteine (Hcy), folate and vitamin B12 in patients with epilepsy.

Methods:
Literature retrieval was performed through PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, Chinese Wanfang Data, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese Biomedical Database databases as of the end of March 2018. Pooled weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% CIs were calculated using a random effect model.

Results:
A total of ten eligible studies were identified. The result revealed that the serum level of homocysteine in PHT-treated patients with epilepsy was significantly higher than that in control group (WMD = 8.47, 95% CI: 6.74 to 10.20, P < .001). In addition, the serum levels of folate (WMD = −3.51, 95% CI: −4.20 to −2.83, P < .001) and vitamin B12 (WMD = −62.23, 95% CI: −83.27 to −41.19, P < .001) were decreased significantly compared with the control group.

Conclusions:
Our meta-analysis indicates that PHT monotherapy is associated with the increase in the serum homocysteine levels and decreased levels of folate and vitamin B12, and hyperhomocysteinaemia may contribute to the acceleration of the atherosclerotic process. Therefore, the patients under these medications should be monitored plasma homocysteine.
The clinicopathologic of pulmonary adenocarcinoma transformation to small cell lung cancer
Authors: Yang Haiyan , Liu Li , Zhou Chunhua , Xiong Yi , Hu Yijuan , Yang Nong , Qu Jingjing 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Transformation to small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is one of the mechanisms of resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). However, it is uncertain how it works and there is no standard treatment after the transformation. In this study, 7 patients with transformation of SCLC from advanced lung adenocarcinoma (ADC) were analyzed retrospectively and the clinical pathology, imaging characteristics and treatment were analyzed.
We identified 7 patients with primary lung ADC that showed transformation to SCLC on second biopsy during a 6-year period. Clinicopathologic information was analyzed and EGFR mutation results were performed in initial biopsy samples.
Seven patients showed transformation from ADC to SCLC, of which 6 patients were 19 del EGFR mutation, only 1 patient is L858R mutations. The imaging forms did not have the typical imaging features of primary SCLC. All patients underwent etoposide and carboplatin (EC) regimen chemotherapy after pathological transformation. However, the response rate of EC was less than primary small cell lung cancer. One of the patients was receiving EC for 4 cycles. After chemotherapy the patients performed radiation therapy and finally with erlotinib maintains treatment, the progress free survival (PFS) was more than 12 months.
NSCLC can acquire a neuroendocrine phenotype with EGFR-TKI treatment. The transmutation is more common in 19del mutation patients. A comprehensive treatment based on EC regimen chemotherapy and the maintenance with EGFR-TKI is likely to be the appropriate treatment for these patients.
Differentiation between orbital malignant and benign tumors using intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted imaging
Authors: Xu Xiao-Quan , Hu Hao , Su Guo-Yi , Liu Hu , Wu Fei-Yun , Shi Hai-Bin 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
To evaluate the performance of intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) for differentiating orbital malignant from benign tumors, and to assess the correlation between IVIM-DWI parameters and dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) parameters.
Twenty-seven patients (17 benign and 10 malignant) with orbital tumors underwent 3.0T MRI examination for pre-treatment evaluation, including IVIM-DWI and DCE-MRI. IVIM-DWI parameters (tissue diffusivity, D; pseudo-diffusion coefficient, D∗; and perfusion fraction, f) were quantified using bi-exponential fitting model. DCE-MRI parameters (Ktrans, the volume transfer constant between the plasma and the extracellular extravascular space [EES]; Ve, the volume fraction of the EES, and Kep, the rate constant from EES to blood plasma) were quantified using modified Tofts model. Independent-sample t test, receiver operating characteristic curve analyses and Spearman correlation test were used for statistical analyses.
Malignant orbital tumors showed lower D (P <.001) and higher D∗ (P = .002) than benign tumors. Setting a D value of 0.966 × 10−3 mm2/s as the cut-off value, a diagnostic performance (AUC, 0.888; sensitivity, 100%; specificity, 82.35%) could be obtained for diagnosing malignant tumors. While setting a D∗ value of 42.371 × 10−3 mm2/s as cut-off value, a diagnostic performance could be achieved (AUC, 0.847; sensitivity, 90.00%; specificity, 70.59%). Poor or moderated correlations were found between IVIM-DWI and DCE-MRI parameters (D∗ and Kep, r = 0.427, P = .027; D and Ve, r = 0.626, P <.001).
IVIM-DWI is potentially useful for differentiating orbital malignant from benign tumors. Poor or moderate correlations exist between IVIM-DWI and DCE-MRI parameters. IVIM-DWI may be a useful adjunctive perfusion technique for the differential diagnosis of orbital tumors.
Milk and yogurt intake and breast cancer risk
Authors: Chen Lu , Li Min , Li Hao 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Different patterns of milk and breast cancer rates across countries suggest that several components of milk could affect breast cancer risk. However, the components of diet are complex including milk that could potentially influence risk. Some milk products such as whole milk and cheese have a high fat content which may increase risk. Moreover, milk products may contain pesticides which have carcinogenic potential. In contrast, some contents of milk such as calcium and vitamin D have been hypothesized to reduce breast cancer risk. Therefore, we performed this meta-analysis to derive a more precise estimation of the association between dairy food intake and breast cancer risk. Using the data from 8 available publications, we examined low-fat/skim milk, whole milk, and yogurt in relation to risk of breast cancer by meta-analysis. Pooled odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to assess the association. However the results of all milk models and the available epidemiologic evidence do not support a strong association between the consumption of milk or milk products and breast cancer risk. Further studies with larger participants worldwide are needed to validate the relationship of dairy food intake and breast cancer.
Comparison of intravitreal bevacizumab and ranibizumab used for myopic choroidal neovascularization
Authors: Hu Qiuming , Li Haoyu , Du Yi , He Jianfeng 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Background:
To evaluate the effect of intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) and ranibizumab (IVR) for the treatment of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) secondary to pathologic myopia (PM) by meta-analysis.

Methods:
Pertinent publications of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were identified through systemic searches of PubMed, EMBASE, Web of science, Cochrane Library, clinicaltrials.gov, CNKI, CQVIP, and Wanfang database. All comparative studies of IVB or IVR as treatment for CNV secondary to pathologic myopia were included. Meta-analysis of these RCTs was performed using Review Manager 5.3 software. The χ2 test and I
2 values were used to analyze heterogeneity. Measurements included best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central foveal thickness (CFT).

Results:
A total of 3 randomized controlled clinical trials involving 158 eyes were included, 81 eyes in IVB group and 77 eyes in IVR group. Compared with baseline, at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after IVB or IVR treatment, BCVA was significantly increased. Change of BCVA at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months did not vary significantly between IVB and IVR group (1 month: Z = 0.30, 95% CI = −0.08 to 0.11, P = .76; 3 months: Z = 0.36, 95% CI = −0.10 to 0.15, P = .72; 6 months: Z = 0.17, 95% CI = −0.10 to 0.12, P = .86; 12 months: Z = 0.64, 95% CI = −0.15 to 0.08, P = .52).

Conclusion:
Both IVR and IVB can significantly improve BCVA of eyes with mCNV, but there was no significant difference between the 2 therapies on the treatment of mCNV.
Comparison of efficacy and safety of different fixation devices for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
Authors: Jin Jiaxin , Yu Liping , Wei Min , Shang Yi , Wang Xin 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackground:Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is a common ligament injury to the knee joint, and often lead to limited function, osteoarthritis after knee trauma, secondary damage to meniscus and cartilage, and impaired quality of life. ACL reconstruction is the gold standard surgical treatment for ACL injury, and ligament fixation after reconstruction is the key factor of ACL reconstruction success. However, the optimal fixation device for ACL reconstruction remains unclear. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of different fixation devices and to find the best fixation device for ACL reconstruction.Methods:The PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and Chinese Biomedicine Literature will be searched to identify relevant studies from inception to December 2018. We will include randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the effects of different fixation devices fixed on the femoral side in arthroscopically assisted ACL reconstruction. Risk of bias assessment of the included RCTs will be conducted according to the Cochrane Handbook 5.1.0. A Bayesian network meta-analysis (NMA) will be performed using R software.Results:The results of this NMA will be submitted to a peer-reviewed journal for publication.Conclusion:This NMA will summarize the direct and indirect evidence to evaluate the effect of different fixation devices for ACL reconstruction.
Late adverse effects related to treatment in a cohort of survivors of childhood and adolescent cancer
Authors: Livinalli Annemeri , Silva Marcus Tolentino , Lopes Luciane Cruz 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Taking into consideration the progress in cancer treatment, an increase in the number of adult survivors of childhood cancer is expected. These survivors will have received treatment that predisposes them to late morbidity and increased risk of early mortality. The aim of this single-center retrospective cohort study was to describe the frequency and identify risk factors associated with late adverse events related to cancer treatment in survivors of childhood and adolescent cancer.
Patients were recruited from 2010 to 2014. All possible late adverse effects identified, were classified according to CTCAE grading system version 4.0. The variables were characterized and stratified according to the presence or not of late effects. Odds ratio was used as a measure of association in bivariate analysis to identify characteristics associated with the late effects of treatment. Among 111 potentially eligible participants, 62 survivors met the inclusion criteria; 17 (27.4%) had abnormal test results observed in the systems: 8 (47%) in the endocrine and metabolic, 7 (41.2%) in the cardiovascular, 5 (29.4%) in the musculoskeletal, and 1 (5.9%) in auditory and renal systems. Frequency and severity of late adverse events were not affected by treatments employed; except for radiotherapy which was associated with a higher risk of late adverse effect occurrences.
Effects of different oral care scrubs on ventilator-associated pneumonia prevention for machinery ventilates patient
Authors: Wei Hua-ping , Yang Kelu 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Background:
Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is defined as pneumonia develops in intensive care unit (ICU) patients who have been mechanically ventilated for at least 48 hours. Implementing effective oral car could reduce the incidence of VAP. However, previous studies on scrubs in oral care have failed to suggest which the best choice. Therefore, this protocol proposes to perform a network meta-analysis to evaluate the effectiveness of different oral care scrubs in preventing VAP.

Methods:
We are going to search the electronic databases: Cochrane Oral Health's Trials Register, CENTRAL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database. Study selection and data collection will be performed independently by 2 reviewers. Cochrane Risk of Bias tool will be used to assess the risk of bias of included studies. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) will be used to assess the incidence rate of VAP in critical patients. The evidence mapping (EM) method will be introduce as a tool intended to complement the conventional systematic review (SR) and is suitable for this issue, at the same time, R software will be used for representing the outcome of EM–SR. We shall assess the heterogeneity on the bias of the magnitude of heterogeneity variance parameter (I
2 or Cochrane Q). We are also going to conduct subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis if needed. The application of Stata and R software will be performed the calculations.

Results:
The results of this study will be submitted to a peer-reviewed journal for publication.

Conclusion:
This network meta-analysis will provide comprehensive evidence of different scrubs in oral care for preventing VAP.

PROSPERO registration number:
CRD42018117019.
The efficacy and safety of opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy in treating unicompartmental knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Huang Si-cong , Chen Yu-fang , Liu Xue-dong , Han Yan-hong , Li Yi-qun 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Background:
High tibial osteotomy (HTO) is an effective surgical technique that can stop or inhibit the progression of unicompartmental knee osteoarthritis (KOA) to avoid or postpone the need for knee arthroplasty in patients. Whether opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy (OWHTO) is superior to closing-wedge high tibial osteotomy (CWHTO) in treating unicompartmental KOA remains controversial.

Methods:
Databases (Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and PubMed) were searched from their establishment to July 1, 2018 for randomized controlled trials comparing the application of OWHTO to CWHTO in patients with unicompartmental KOA. The methodological quality of each included study was assessed according to the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions guideline. Review Manager 5.3.5 software (Cochrane Collaboration, Oxford, UK) was used to synthesize the final results.

Results:
The results will provide useful information about the effectiveness and safety of OWHTO in patients with unicompartmental KOA.

Conclusion:
The findings of the study will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.

PROSPERO registration number:
CRD4201811805.