bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictors of Dropout From Inpatient Substance Use Treatment: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Andersson Helle Wessel , Steinsbekk Aslak , Walderhaug Espen , Otterholt Eli , Nordfjærn Trond 
Published: March 2018

Introduction: Dropout from inpatient treatment for substance use disorder (SUD) is an ongoing challenge. The aim of this study was to identify demographic, substance use, and psychological factors that predict dropout from postdetoxification inpatient SUD treatment. Materials and methods: A total of 454 patients from 5 inpatient SUD centers in Central Norway were consecutively included in this naturalistic, prospective cohort study. Results: A total of 132 patients (28%) did not complete the planned treatment stay (dropped out). Cox regression analysis showed that higher levels of intrinsic motivation for changing personal substance use reduced the dropout risk (adjusted hazard ratio [adjHR]: 0.62, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.48-0.79). Higher levels of mental distress were associated with an increased risk for dropout (adjHR: 1.48, 95% CI: 1.11-1.97). Conclusions: The role of mental health and motivation in reducing dropout risk from inpatient SUD treatment should be targeted in future prospective intervention studies.
Analysis of Trends and Factors in Breast Multiple Primary Malignant Neoplasms
Authors: Motuzyuk Igor , Sydorchuk Oleg , Kovtun Natalia , Palian Zinaida , Kostiuchenko Yevhenii 
Published: March 2018

Background: The study aims to evaluate the current state and tendencies in multiple primary breast cancer incidence, behavior, and treatment in Ukraine. Methods: A total of 2032 patients who received special treatment at the Department of Breast Tumors and Reconstructive Surgery of the National Cancer Institute from 2008 to 2015 were included in the study. Among them, there were 195 patients with multiple primary malignant neoplasms: 54.9% patients with synchronous cancer and 45.1% patients with metachronous cancer. The average age of patients was 46.6 years, and the percentage of postmenopausal women was 63.1%. Among patients with synchronous cancer, there were 56.1% patients with only breast localizations and 43.9% with combination of breast and other localizations, and among patients with metachronous cancer, there were 46.6% patients with only breast localizations and 53.4% with combination of breast and other localizations. All the patients were evaluated in terms of aggressiveness of the disease, survival rates, as well as risk factors and treatment options. Results: A more aggressive course of breast cancer is observed in patients exposed to radiation from the Chernobyl accident under the age of 30 years ( P < .01). The clinical course of disease in patients with synchronous cancer is worse and prognostically unfavorable compared with metachronous cancer ( P < .01). The course of the disease in patients who underwent mastectomy is worse compared with patients who underwent breast-conserving surgery ( P < .01). Plastic and reconstructive surgery in patients with synchronous cancer was proven to be reasonable in terms of increase in survival ( P < .01). Conclusions: The patients with multiple primary breast cancer should have attentive management and treatment. Multidisciplinary team should concern all the risk factors and provide the most sufficient option of management. This is crucial to continue research in this oncological area.
Be[com]ing a teacher in neoliberal times: The possibilities of visioning for resistance in teacher education
Authors: Hara May , Sherbine Kortney 
Published: March 2018

Teacher education is under assault from the corporatization of public education. There is evidence that reductive, essentialized/ing discourses of standardization and compliance exert intense pressures on teacher education, and a market-based, audit culture constricts conceptions of the “good teacher”. Despite the pervasiveness of neoliberal discourses, little is known about how student teachers experience increased corporatization in education, or about how they act rather than are acted upon in this context. In examining these dynamics, we explore the following research questions: (a) How do student teachers make sense of neoliberal discourses in teaching? (b) How do student teachers experience the process of what Hammerness describes as “teacher visioning” in the context of neoliberal discourses? (c) What, if any, effect does visioning have on their responses to these discourses? We draw on qualitative data including focus groups, interviews, and document analysis from a group of early childhood student teachers enrolled in a public teacher education program and placed in field sites around eastern Massachusetts. Based on our findings, we argue that teacher visioning can, under certain circumstances, serve as an impetus for student teacher resistance to neoliberal pressures.
Mechanical thrombectomy in a young stroke patient with Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Authors: Spicher Charlotte , Schneider Ruth , Mönnings Peter , Schneider-Gold Christiane , Kallenberg Dennis , Cevik Bilal , Lukas Carsten , Gold Ralf , Krogias Christos 
Published: March 2018

Background: Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is an X-linked recessive skeletal muscle myopathy which is caused by mutations in the dystrophin gene. Lack of dystrophin also results to cardiomyopathy, which raises significantly the stroke risk in DMD-patients. However, data about therapeutic opportunities in the acute setting are scarce in literature. So far, only two cases receiving IV thrombolysis are described, one of them with fatal outcome. Method: Case report of a case of successful mechanical thrombectomy (MTE) in an acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patient with DMD and associated dilatative cardiomyopathy. Results: A 20-year old DMD-patient was transferred at 08:56 h to our department due to wake up stroke with severe right-sided hemiparesis and aphasia (NIHSS=20). Last-seen-normal was at 03:00 h. Cerebral CT-scan revealed only slight early ischemic changes (ASPECT-Score=8). CT-angiography detected occlusion of left middle cerebral artery (LMCA). MTE started rapidly at 9:23 h and using direct thrombus aspiration (Penumbra System®) complete recanalization was achieved 20 min later (TICI-grade 3). Considering the specific risks of general anesthesia in DMD, the procedure was performed with propofol, remifentanil and rocuronium. The patient recovered quickly from the acute symptoms, due to preexisting hypotonic tetraparesis his NIHSS-score at discharge was 12 points. Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on MTE in a patient with DMD related cardioembolic stroke. In contrast to the few reports with IV thrombolysis, MTE seems to represent an optimal treatment option. Specific characteristics of DMD-patients like anesthetic regimen should be taken into account.
A Neural-Network-Based Approach to Personalize Insulin Bolus Calculation Using Continuous Glucose Monitoring
Authors: Cappon Giacomo , Vettoretti Martina , Marturano Francesca , Facchinetti Andrea , Sparacino Giovanni 
Published: March 2018

Background: In type 1 diabetes (T1D) therapy, the calculation of the meal insulin bolus is performed according to a standard formula (SF) exploiting carbohydrate intake, carbohydrate-to-insulin ratio, correction factor, insulin on board, and target glucose. Recently, some approaches were proposed to account for preprandial glucose rate of change (ROC) in the SF, including those by Scheiner and by Pettus and Edelman. Here, the aim is to develop a new approach, based on neural networks (NN), to optimize and personalize the bolus calculation using continuous glucose monitoring information and some easily accessible patient parameters. Method: The UVa/Padova T1D Simulator was used to simulate data of 100 virtual adults in a single-meal noise-free scenario with different conditions in terms of meal amount and preprandial blood glucose and ROC values. An NN was trained to learn the optimal insulin dose using the SF parameters, ROC, body weight, insulin pump basal infusion rate and insulin sensitivity as features. The performance of the NN for meal bolus calculation was assessed by blood glucose risk index (BGRI) and compared to the methods by Scheiner and by Pettus and Edelman. Results: The NN approach brings to a small but statistically significant ( P < .001) reduction of BGRI value, equal to 0.37, 0.23, and 0.20 versus SF, Scheiner, and Pettus and Edelman, respectively. Conclusion: This preliminary study showed the potentiality of using NNs for the personalization and optimization of the meal insulin bolus calculation. Future work will deal with more realistic scenarios including technological and physiological/behavioral sources of variability.
IMiD compounds affect CD34+ cell fate and maturation via CRBN-induced IKZF1 degradation
Authors: Li Shirong , Fu Jing , Wang Hui , Ma Huihui , Xu Xiaoming , Yang Yong-Guang , Deng Shixian , Mapara Markus Y. , Lentzsch Suzanne 
Published: March 2018

Key Points
IMiD compounds cause selective ubiquitination and degradation of IKZF1 in CD34+ cells by the CRBN E3 ubiquitin ligase. Loss of IKZF1 is associated with a decrease of PU.1, critical for the development and maturation of neutrophils.
Age-Group Differences in the Performance of Selected Tests of Physical Function and Association With Lower Extremity Strength
Authors: Francis Peter , Mc Cormack William , Lyons Mark , Jakeman Philip 
Published: March 2018

Background and Purpose:
It is not known whether short functional performance tests used in aging research are appropriate for use in healthy older adults. The purpose of this study was to investigate age-group differences (sixth decade vs seventh decade) in selected functional performance tests and the association between lower extremity strength and functional performance.

Methods:
One hundred fifty-nine (18.2% [n = 29] male) healthy older adults (mean (standard deviation) age 60.4 (5.3) years), adults were recruited from the University of Limerick Campus Community. Knee extensor (KE) peak torque (PT) was assessed from a maximal voluntary isometric contraction. Subsequently, participants completed 10-m maximal and habitual gait speed tests, 5 repetition and 30-second chair rise tests, and a 900-m gait speed test.

Results and Discussion:
There was no difference in 10-m gait speed between those in the sixth and seventh decades (P > .05). Compared with the sixth decade, those in the seventh decade required an extra 39 seconds to complete 900 m, an extra 0.6 seconds to complete 5 chair rises and performed 2 fewer chair rises in a 30-second time period (P < .05). All tests had a weak association with KE strength (r = 0.226-0.360; P < .05), except for 900-m gait speed that had a moderate association (r = −0.537; P < .001). Our findings suggest that gait speed tests of 10 m or less cannot detect age-related difference in functional capacity when used in healthy older adults.

Conclusion:
Extended physical performance tests should be used in aging research on healthy older adults.
Development of the Mechanisms Governing Midbrain Multisensory Integration
Authors: Cuppini Cristiano , Stein Barry E. , Rowland Benjamin A. 
Published: March 2018

The ability to integrate information across multiple senses enhances the brain's ability to detect, localize, and identify external events. This process has been well documented in single neurons in the superior colliculus (SC), which synthesize concordant combinations of visual, auditory, and/or somatosensory signals to enhance the vigor of their responses. This increases the physiological salience of crossmodal events and, in turn, the speed and accuracy of SC-mediated behavioral responses to them. However, this capability is not an innate feature of the circuit and only develops postnatally after the animal acquires sufficient experience with covariant crossmodal events to form links between their modality-specific components. Of critical importance in this process are tectopetal influences from association cortex. Recent findings suggest that, despite its intuitive appeal, a simple generic associative rule cannot explain how this circuit develops its ability to integrate those crossmodal inputs to produce enhanced multisensory responses. The present neurocomputational model explains how this development can be understood as a transition from a default state in which crossmodal SC inputs interact competitively to one in which they interact cooperatively. Crucial to this transition is the operation of a learning rule requiring coactivation among tectopetal afferents for engagement. The model successfully replicates findings of multisensory development in normal cats and cats of either sex reared with special experience. In doing so, it explains how the cortico–SC projections can use crossmodal experience to craft the multisensory integration capabilities of the SC and adapt them to the environment in which they will be used.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe brain's remarkable ability to integrate information across the senses is not present at birth, but typically develops in early life as experience with crossmodal cues is acquired. Recent empirical findings suggest that the mechanisms supporting this development must be more complex than previously believed. The present work integrates these data with what is already known about the underlying circuit in the midbrain to create and test a mechanistic model of multisensory development. This model represents a novel and comprehensive framework that explains how midbrain circuits acquire multisensory experience and reveals how disruptions in this neurotypic developmental trajectory yield divergent outcomes that will affect the multisensory processing capabilities of the mature brain.
Plasticity of Meiotic Recombination Rates in Response to Temperature inArabidopsis
Authors: Lloyd Andrew , Morgan Chris , H. Franklin F Chris , Bomblies Kirsten 
Published: March 2018

AbstractMeiosis, the specialized cell division that generates gametes, shuffles parental genomes through homologous recombination. It was reported in Drosophila a century ago, that the recombination rate is sensitive to temperature, but how...Meiotic recombination shuffles genetic information from sexual species into gametes to create novel combinations in offspring. Thus, recombination is an important factor in inheritance, adaptation, and responses to selection. However, recombination is not a static parameter; meiotic recombination rate is sensitive to variation in the environment, especially temperature. That recombination rates change in response to both increases and decreases in temperature was reported in Drosophila a century ago, and since then in several other species. But it is still unclear what the underlying mechanism is, and whether low- and high-temperature effects are mechanistically equivalent. Here, we show that, as in Drosophila, both high and low temperatures increase meiotic crossovers in Arabidopsis thaliana. We show that, from a nadir at 18°, both lower and higher temperatures increase recombination through additional class I (interfering) crossovers. However, the increase in crossovers at high and low temperatures appears to be mechanistically at least somewhat distinct, as they differ in their association with the DNA repair protein MLH1. We also find that, in contrast to what has been reported in barley, synaptonemal complex length is negatively correlated with temperature; thus, an increase in chromosome axis length may account for increased crossovers at low temperature in A. thaliana, but cannot explain the increased crossovers observed at high temperature. The plasticity of recombination has important implications for evolution and breeding, and also for the interpretation of observations of recombination rate variation among natural populations.
Voir le jour: Breastfeeding and the commons
Authors: Doonan Natalie 
Published: March 2018

Watch Voir le jour from Natalie Doonan on Vimeo This research-creation project focuses on breastfeeding in public as an act of claiming space for the common good. Its audio-visual component, “Voir le jour,” is part of a larger work that includes community screenings and locative storytelling. “Voir le jour” consists of recordings of nursing mothers, breastfeeding experts, and activists sharing their stories about the joys and challenges of breastfeeding outside the home. These stories are accompanied by a slideshow of photographs depicting moms nursing in public spaces. “Voir le jour” renders the labour of mothering audible and visible in public spaces, including online. It was created in part for use by the breastfeeding support organization Nourri-Source Montréal. “Voir le jour” contests the notion that “public” and “private” are distinct spatial categories. The fact that breastfeeding is commonly relegated to the sphere of domestic activity is a testament to the tenacious grip of patriarchy in everyday life, and leads to isolation for many new mothers. The discomfort that may be felt in response to seeing intimate experiences between mothers and babies is part of transforming the myth that private and public activities and spaces are discrete and separate spheres.
A study on non-malignant lesion of larynx
Authors: Mathan M. Bharathi Mohan , D. K. Selvam , V. J. Vikram 
Published: March 2018

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Benign laryngeal lesions are a spectrum of laryngeal diseases where symptoms vary from discomfort in throat, pain in throat, change of voice to stridor. Prompt diagnosis and intervention will reverse the conditions in certain laryngeal lesions.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A prospective study was carried out in department of ENT, Madras Medical College/Institute of Child Health, Chennai between August 2013-November 2015 of non-malignant lesions of larynx. All these cases underwent a thorough ENT examination, examined under direct laryngoscope or micro laryngeal examination as the situation warrants. Benign non –neoplastic lesions are usually treated by excision biopsy and the biopsy results were confirmed. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> This study included 50 cases of non-malignant lesions of larynx. In our study 34% of the cases fall in the age group of 20-30 years, followed by 22% in age group of 0-10 years. The mean age group was 26 years. Males were 72% and female constituted 28%. The hoarseness is the common symptom in 36 patients, while stridor was the predominant symptom in 14 patients. The treatment modality followed were micro laryngeal excision in 40 cases, tracheostomy in 6 cases.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Management of the non-malignant lesions of larynx<strong>, </strong>by early diagnosis with effective conservative management in the initial stages, will reduce the necessity of the surgery. Counselling, voice rehabilitation, micro laryngeal surgery is the best modality.</p>
Associação entre bruxismo e a qualidade do sono em policiais militares
Authors: Reche Regis , Dick Nidea Rita Michels , Pinto Joséli Do Nascimento , Gomes Maximiliano Schunke 
Published: March 2018

O bruxismo é uma parafunção do sistema estomatognático, de etiologia multifatorial e alta prevalência, com consequências negativas para a saúde bucal. Objetivo: avaliar a associação do bruxismo com a qualidade do sono bem como a associação entre covariáveis odontológicas (desgastes dentários excessivos, maloclusões e perda dentária) com a qualidade do sono entre um grupo de policiais militares da Brigada Militar (BM).Metodologia: estudo clinico com delineamento observacional transicional. Resultados: As prevalências de bruxismo clínico e qualidade do sono ruim foram de 47,8% e 52,2%, respectivamente. Os modelos de regressão bivariados demonstraram que a presença de desgastes dentários excessivos (p=0,83), maloclusões (p=0,54), perda dentária (p=0,45), bruxismo autorrelatado (p=0,09) e bruxismo clínico (p=0,83) não estiveram associados com a qualidade do sono entre os participantes. Entre todas as covariáveis odontológicas analisadas, apenas a frequência de escovação <2x/dia (RP=2,00; IC 95%=1,32-3,04) esteve associada à pior qualidade do sono (p=0,001). Foi observada uma correlação significativa entre bruxismo clínico e bruxismo autorrelatado (r=0,58; p=0,004). Conclusão: que o bruxismo clínico não esteve associado com a qualidade do sono, e os indivíduos que apresentaram bruxismo autorrelatado demonstraram uma tendência - ainda que estatisticamente não-significativa - de apresentar uma pior qualidade do sono.
Sistema Nefelometrico Auto-referenciado Inmune a Fuentes de Luz Externas
Authors: Vargas Salvador , Calvo Jossue 
Published: March 2018

This paper describes the concepts and procedures for the design and implementation of a water turbidity sensor. It is designed with the purpose of offering us water turbidity readings. The sensor is designed according to the standard ISO 7027 "The water quality, determination of turbidity", which specifies four methods for the determination of the turbidity of the water. The light source is an infrared led to 850 nm which is modulated in frequency to prevent external light interference, so that the sensor receiver is immune to external sources of light. The calibration of this sensor gets a sensitivity of 0.0014 V/NTU and a non-linear error less than 10%, for a range between 0.1 NTU to 600 NTU.Keywords: Turbidity, Nephelometer, Turbidimeter, Sensor, Calibration Curve
Caracterización de Diluyentes Usados en Extracción por Solventes
Authors: Navarro Patricio , Espinoza Daniel , Vargas Cristian 
Published: March 2018

Se cuantificaron, analizaron y compararon propiedades físicas de tres diluyentes (Shellsol, Orfom y Escaid) utilizados en extracción por solvente de cobre y una solución sintética de lixiviación de minerales de cobre (PLS) con una concentración representativa de hierro y cobre. Las propiedades analizadas fueron densidad, viscosidad y tensión Interfacial, además se evaluó el efecto del porcentaje de extractante (porcentaje de extractante presente en la fase organica expresada en volumen/volumen) (% v/v) en la fase organica sobre la densidad y la viscosidad. Las concentraciones de cobre y hierro en el PLS fueron de 4,5 [g/L] y 5,0 [g/L] respecivamente. Las temperaturas utilizadas fueron 25, 35 y 45 °C. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que la temperatura produce un efecto similar sobre la densidad de los diluyentes y PLS, obteniéndose una tendencia semejante en las curvas con leves variaciones; por su parte el efecto de la temperatura sobre la viscosidad presenta las mayores diferencias entre los diluyentes y PLS. La variación del porcentaje de extractante (%v/v) en la fase orgánica a temperatura constante, produce una leve variación de la densidad presentando tendencias similares para los tres diluyentes; mientras que los mayores efectos se ven reflejados en la viscosidad, mostrando tendencias semejantes en las tres curvas.Palabras claves: Extracción por solvente, diluyente, porcentaje de extractante, densidad, viscosidad.
Data Processing on Large Interdependent Networks: An Application for Infrastructure Preparedness, and Restoration
Authors: Sianca Aniela Garay , Nurre Sarah G. , Salas Carlos L. Castro , Alvarez A. Humberto R. 
Published: March 2018

This paper presents a method for validating and transforming data for use in interdependent infrastructure network analysis. Critical infrastructure are interdependent on each other for delivery of services and execution of restoration activities. These interdependencies make infrastructure systems vulnerable to extreme events and highlights the needs for preparedness and response plans. Optimization models have been used to create effective plans using interdependent infrastructure networks. These models require accurate input data. However, many data sources have inconsistencies or errors which inhibit the ability to use such optimization models. This work identifies common errors in input network data and provides a method for processing and correcting these errors. We demonstrate the effectiveness of this method on data representing the transportation network in Juan Diaz town, in Panama. Keywords: Data processing, network, infrastructure, interdependence.