bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
USO DE LA PLATAFORMA MOODLE Y SU IMPACTO EN EL DESARROLLO DE COMPETENCIAS INTELECTUALES
Authors: Sobenis Cortez Juan Alipio , Javier Torres Richard 
Published: May 2019

El artículo trata sobre Moodle, una plataforma de aprendizaje diseñada para proporcionarles a educadores, administradores y estudiantes un sistema integrado único, robusto y seguro para crear ambientes de aprendizaje personalizados, es una aplicación que pertenece al grupo de los gestores de contenidos educativos. La comunicación asincrónica (Moodle) Moodle, como todos los EVA (Entorno Virtual de Aprendizaje), necesita utilizar diferentes tipos de herramientas que le permitan establecer una red social entre todos los participantes en el proceso formativo. Los avances tecnológicos y la multiculturalidad presente en el mundo y específicamente en nuestro país, promueven disímiles cambios para la sociedad del conocimiento, que se encuentra en constante necesidad de innovación y transformación. Las instituciones de educación superior deben integrar recursos tecnológicos para generar nuevos espacios, recursos y medios que respondan a las exigencias educativas. Entre las principales demandas, podemos citar la revisión del currículo, la modificación y creación de espacios educativos y el replanteamiento del papel del profesor, en los cuales la tutoría, la orientación, la motivación y la evaluación representan transcendentales universos del saber.
EL ABANDONO PATERNO O MATERNO Y SU INFLUENCIA EN ESCOLARES ENTRE OCHO Y NUEVE AÑOS DE EDAD DE LA UNIDAD EDUCATIVA ELOY ALFARO, CANTÓN CHONE
Authors: Mendoza Rodríguez Eddy R. , Antón Vera Gustavo E. 
Published: May 2019

El propósito de este artículo esta dado en determinar la magnitud de este fenómeno en el contexto tomado como referente. Para ello fueron utilizados diversos métodos y técnicas de investigación en el orden teórico y empírico, con énfasis en la observación, el cuestionario y la entrevista entre otros, siendo la población a considerar serán los niños entre ocho y nueve años de edad de la Unidad Educativa Eloy Alfaro del Cantón Chone, para lo que se proponen realizar diversas acciones educativas con la familia o representantes que quedan a cargo de ellos de manera tal que se minimicen los efectos de dicho abandono y los escolares se incorporen activamente a su entorno.
¿Quién planifica el sistema de seguridad en la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires?
Authors: Pérez Esquivel Andrés 
Published: May 2019

Desde el año 2008 en que inicia su gestión el PRO, han ocurrido hechos bisagra en materia de seguridad. Entre otros puntos: conformación del Ministerio de Seguridad, del Centro Único de Comando y Control, de la policía local y su instituto de formación, un centro de monitoreo, una policía judicial y el SIPREC. Mientras crece el presupuesto enfocando básicamente en la Policía Metropolitana, se han neutralizado instancias de planificación interinstitucionales, ha disminuido la inversión social y ha desatendido reclamos de la ciudadanía.
Este trabajo analiza cómo la planificación estratégica de políticas públicas de seguridad, que constitucionalmente debería trabajarse entre los tres poderes del Estado, ha sido monopolizada por el Poder Ejecutivo, evidenciando una lógica de gobierno con problemas que destacan las falencias del actual seguimiento y control institucional y participativo del sistema de seguridad porteño.
Chávez, Kirchner y Lula: del “No al ALCA” a la nueva integración regional
Authors: Karg Juan Manuel 
Published: May 2019

El rol de los ex presidentes Hugo Chávez, Néstor Kirchner y Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva fue decisivo para el “No al Alca” de Mar del Plata 2005, que fuera bisagra de un nuevo contexto de integración regional autónoma para América Latina y el Caribe. El presente trabajo se propone dar cuenta de las características que determinaron aquella unidad entre líderes que, más allá de sus diferentes trayectorias personales, aportaron a un sólido momento regional que permitió creaciones como Unasur (2008) y CELAC (2011).
El trabajo también da cuenta de los desafíos que, en materia regional, tiene el nuevo contexto ante el intento de una “restauración conservadora” en curso en nuestros países.
Medición de pobreza en Colombia. Construcción, procedimientos y limitaciones
Authors: Becerra Chaparro Carlos 
Published: May 2019

Las mediciones de la pobreza son objeto de debate político, económico y social, ya que son un indicador clave del desempeño de los gobiernos.
La mirada que se propone busca conocer la pertinencia, posibilidades y comparación internacional de las mediciones en Colombia.
Los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible han propuesto poner fin a la pobreza y al hambre para 2030.
La pregunta es entonces ¿estamos midiendo bien lo que queremos medir? ¿O, por el contrario, se usan criterios, procedimientos y metodologías que nos acercan superficialmente al fenómeno adoptando enfoques minimalistas, con coberturas urbanas, para obtener indicadores los más bajos posibles?
Conocer cómo se ha medido la pobreza en la región, las experiencias y resultados, puede ser una fuente de interés para seguir de cerca el comportamiento de este indicador en este nuevo periodo, su naturaleza, alcance, significación y comparación.
ESTO NO ES UN INJERTO. ENSAYOS SOBRE HERMENEUTICA Y BARROCO EN AMERICA LATINA
Authors: Altamiranda Verónica 
Published: May 2019

Esto no es un injerto, ensayos sobre hermenéutica y barroco en América Latina compone un entretejido de diversos ensayos filosóficos, organizados bajo tres secciones: Tramas barrocas, Fisuras y fracasos, Encuentros y desencuentros.
En su prefacio, María José Rossi presenta el hilo conductor que atraviesa cada uno de los ensayos que componen este libro: pensar la hermenéutica en sintonía con el barroco, visto desde su más amplia concepción artística, literaria y arquitectónica; como categoría clave en la construcción de una hermenéutica americana, en tanto concepto operatorio, matriz en la que prevalece la tensión de lo divergente e inestable, en el instante de la coalición entre dos mundos, el del colonizado y el del colonizador. América nace así de un trauma y, en este sentido, el barroco no sería un injerto.
Member Stars of the GD-1 Tidal Stream from the SDSS, LAMOST, and Gaia Surveys
Authors: Huang Y. , Chen B.-Q. , Zhang H.-W. , Yuan H.-B. , Xiang M.-S. , Wang C. , Tian Z.-J. , Liu X.-W. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
With the photometric data from the SDSS survey, the spectroscopic data from the SDSS/SEGUE and the LAMOST surveys, and the astrometric data from the Gaia DR2, we have identified 67 highly probable member stars of the GD-1 cold stellar stream spread along almost its entire length (i.e., from 126° to 203° in R.A.). With the accurate spectroscopic (i.e., metallicity and line-of-sight velocity) and astrometric (i.e., proper motions) information, the position–velocity diagrams, i.e., ϕ
1–μ

α
, ϕ
1–μ

δ
, and ϕ
1–v
gsr, of the GD-1 stream are well mapped. The stream has an average metallicity [Fe/H] = −1.96. The rich information of member stars of the stream now available allow one not only to model its origin, but also to place strong constraints on the mass distribution and the gravitational potential of the Milky Way.
A Bayesian Analysis of SDSS J0914+0853, a Low-mass Dual AGN Candidate
Authors: Foord Adi , Gültekin Kayhan , Reynolds Mark T. , Hodges-Kluck Edmund , Cackett Edward M. , Comerford Julia M. , King Ashley L. , Miller Jon M. , Runnoe Jessie C. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
We present the first results from Bayesian AnalYsis of Multiple AGN in X-rays (BAYMAX), a tool that uses a Bayesian framework to quantitatively evaluate whether a given Chandra observation is more likely a single or dual point source. Although the most robust method of determining the presence of dual active galactic nuclei (AGNs) is to use X-ray observations, only sources that are widely separated relative to the instrument's point-spread function are easy to identify. It becomes increasingly difficult to distinguish dual AGNs from single AGNs when the separation is on the order of Chandra's angular resolution (<1″). Using likelihood models for single and dual point sources, BAYMAX quantitatively evaluates the likelihood of an AGN for a given source. Specifically, we present results from BAYMAX analyzing the lowest-mass dual AGN candidate to date, SDSS J0914+0853, where archival Chandra data shows a possible secondary AGN ∼ 0.″3 from the primary. Analyzing a new 50 ks Chandra observation, results from BAYMAX shows that SDSS J0914+0853 is most likely a single AGN with a Bayes factor of 13.5 in favor of a single point source model. Further, posterior distributions from the dual point source model are consistent with emission from a single AGN. We find a very low probability of SDSS J0914+0853 being a dual AGN system with a flux ratio f > 0.3 and separation r > 0.″3. Overall, BAYMAX will be an important tool for correctly classifying candidate dual AGNs in the literature, as well as studying the dual AGN population where past spatial resolution limits have prevented systematic analyses.
Wetter Stratospheres on High-obliquity Planets
Authors: Kang Wanying 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
We investigate how obliquity affects stratospheric humidity using a 3D general circulation model and find the stratosphere under high obliquity could be over 3 orders of magnitude moister than under the low-obliquity equivalent, even with the same global annual mean surface temperature. Three complexities that only exist under high obliquity are found to be causally relevant. (1) Seasonal variation under high obliquity causes extremely high surface temperatures to occur during polar days, moistening the polar air that may eventually enter the stratosphere. (2) Unlike the low-obliquity scenario where the cold trap efficiently freezes out water vapor, the high-obliquity stratosphere gets most of its moisture input from high latitudes, and thus largely bypasses the cold trap. (3) A high-obliquity climate tends to be warmer than its low-obliquity equivalent, thus moistening the atmosphere as a whole. We found each of the above factors could significantly increase stratospheric humidity. These results indicate that, for an earth-like exoplanet, it is more likely to detect water from surface evaporation if the planet is under high obliquity. The water escape could cause a high-obliquity planet to loss habitability before the runaway greenhouse takes place.
Impact of secondary particles on microdistribution of deposited dose in biological tissue in the presence of gold and gadolinium nanoparticles under photon beam irradiation
Authors: Konobeev Ivan A. , Kurachenko Yurij A. , Sheino Igor’ N. 
Published: May 2019

It is experimentally proven that nanoparticles of high-Z materials can be used as radiosensitizers for photon beam therapy. In the authors’ opinion, data available as of today on the impact of secondary particles (electrons, photons and positrons generated in biological tissue by penetrating beam of primary photons) on the distribution of deposited dose during photon beam therapy in the presence of nanoparticles, are insufficient. Investigation of this impact constituted the main goal of this work.
Two-stage simulation was performed using Geant4 platform. During the first stage a layer of biological tissue (water) was irradiated by monoenergetic photon sources with energies ranging from 10 keV to 6 MeV. As the result of this modeling spectra of electrons, photons and positrons were obtained at the depth of 5 cm. During the second stage the obtained photon spectra were used to irradiate gold, gadolinium and water nanoparticles. Radial distributions of energy deposited around nanoparticles were obtained as the result of this modeling.
Radial DEF (Dose Enhancement Factor) values around nanoparticles of gold and gadolinium positioned in water at the depth of 5 cm were obtained after processing the collected data. Contributions from primary photons and secondary particles (electrons, photons and positrons generated in the layer of water with 5-cm thickness by the penetrating beam of primary photons) in the additional dose deposited around the nanoparticles were calculated as well.
It was demonstrated that layer of biological tissue placed between the source of photons and nanoparticles considerably changes the initial spectrum of photons and this change is significant in the analysis of mechanism of radiosensitization of biological tissues by nanoparticles for all energies of photon sources (up to 6 MeV).
It was established that interaction of electrons and positrons with nanoparticles does not lead to significant increase of additional dose in the vicinity of their surfaces and can be most likely excluded from consideration in the analysis of radiosensitization mechanism of nanoparticles.
Quand la peur s’insinue dans la relation : une expérience limite de l’accompagnement social
Authors: Lambelet Daniel 
Published: May 2019

La question du bien-être et de la santé au travail des professionnels de l’accompagnement social a été abordée ces dernières années prioritairement sous l’angle des effets délétères induits par de nouvelles formes de management basées notamment sur la peur. Ce qui a contribué à reléguer au second plan l’attention portée à des formes de souffrance plus directement liées à des événements critiques, comme la violence subie de la part d’usagers et la peur ressentie par un certain nombre de professionnels.	Prenant appui sur une situation rencontrée à l’occasion d’une recherche-action, cet article se propose d’examiner comment la violence subie et la perte d’idéal qui en découle engendrent un sentiment de peur qui vient faire effraction dans l’existence du sujet et marquer une rupture dans un continuum d’expériences.	Nous montrerons également en quoi cette expérience-limite de souffrance et de perte de sens invite à renouveler les modes de compréhension que l’on a l’habitude de convoquer.
Validation of Smartphone-Based Retinal Photography for Diabetic Retinopathy Screening
Authors: Bilong Yannick , Katte Jean-Claude , Koki Godefroy , Kagmeni Giles , Obama Odile Pascale Nga , Fofe Hermann Rossi Ngoufo , Mvilongo Caroline , Nkengfack Oliver , Bimbai Andre Michel , Sobngwi Eugene , Mbacham Wilfred , Mbanya Jean Claude , Bella Lucienne Assumpta , Sharma Ashish 
Published: May 2019

BACKROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
Screening for diabetic retinopathy (DR) is cost-effective when compared with disability loss for those who go blind in the absence of a screening program. We aimed to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of a smartphone-based device for the screening and detection of DR.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
A cross-sectional study of 220 patients with diabetes (440 eyes, all patients age 25 years or older) was completed. Tropicamide 0.5% was used for iris dilation followed by an indirect ophthalmoscopy using a 20-D lens. Retinal images were later obtained using a smartphone attached to an adaptable camera device. Retinal images permitted the visualization of the macular and papillary regions and were sent without compression via the internet to a retinal specialist for interpretation. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated for all cases and stages of DR.

RESULTS:
Using our standard examination method, the prevalence of DR and macular edema were 13.6% and 6.4%, respectively. With the smartphone-based retinal camera, the prevalence of DR and macular edema were 18.2% and 8.2%, respectively. Sensitivity and specificity for the detection of all stages of DR was 73.3% and 90.5%, respectively. For the detection of macular edema, sensitivity was 77.8%, and specificity was 95%. For severe nonproliferative DR (NPDR), sensitivity and specificity were 80% and 99%, respectively; for proliferative DR (PDR), they were both 100%. In the early stages of DR, specificity was 89.8% for mild NPDR and 97.1% for moderate NPDR. Sensitivity was 57.1% and 42.9%, respectively.

CONCLUSION:
Screening for DR using a smartphone-based retinal camera has a satisfactory specificity at all DR stages. Its sensitivity seems to be high only in the stages of DR necessitating a specific therapeutic decision (eg, macular edema, severe NPDR, and PDR). A smartphone-based retinal camera may be a useful device to screen for DR in resource-limited settings.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2019;50:S18–S22.]
Perfluorodecalin Versus Densiron 68 Heavy Silicone Oil in the Management of Inferior Retinal Detachment Recurrence
Authors: Caporossi Tomaso , Tartaro Ruggero , Finocchio Lucia , Barca Francesco , Giansanti Fabrizio , Franco Fabrizio , Rizzo Stanislao 
Published: May 2019

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
To assess the efficacy of perfluorodecalin (PFD) or Densiron 68 heavy silicone oil (HSO) in the management of inferior complex retinal detachment recurrence.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
A retrospective, comparative consecutive case series study. Twenty-four eyes of 24 patients affected by inferior complex retinal detachment recurrence underwent pars plana vitrectomy with PFD or HSO as endotamponade. All patients recruited were affected by complicated inferior retinal detachments and had already undergone at least one vitreoretinal procedure. The primary endpoint was anatomical success with primary and secondary surgery. The secondary endpoints were functional outcome and inflammatory complications.

RESULTS:
Out of 24 cases of inferior retinal detachment recurrence, 12 were tamponed with PFD (PFD group) and 12 with HSO (D68 group). Retinal reattachment rate at first surgery was 50% for the D68 group and 66.6% for the PFD group. Final reattachment rate after two or more surgical operations was 91.6% for the PFD group and 83.3% for the D68 group. Best-corrected visual acuity improved in both groups from a mean of 1.00 logMAR (20/200; standard deviation [SD]: 1) to 0.60 logMAR (20/80; SD: 0.3), and from a mean of 1.81 logMAR (20/2000; SD: 1.1) to a mean of 2.00 logMAR (20/2,000; SD:1) for the PFD and D68 groups, respectively.

CONCLUSION:

Both the endotamponades used showed good results in solving inferior retinal detachment recurrence with a slightly better rate in the PFD group, but it was not statistically significant (
P
> .05).

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2019;50:274–280.]
Multimodal Imaging of Punctate Outer Retinal Toxoplasmosis
Authors: Yannuzzi Nicolas A. , Gal-Or Orly , Motulsky Elie , Swaminathan Swarup S. , Cunningham Emmett T. , Davis Janet L. , Fisher Yale , Gregori Giovanni , Rosenfeld Philip J. , Freund K. Bailey 
Published: May 2019

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
To describe the multimodal imaging characteristics associated with punctate outer retinal toxoplasmosis (PORT).

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
Multicenter, retrospective, observational case series of three patients who presented with PORT. Multimodal imaging was reviewed including optical coherence tomography (OCT), fundus autofluorescence, optical coherence tomography angiography, and conventional dye-based angiography.

RESULTS:
Patient ages ranged from 13 years to 55 years. Each patient had multiple white, punctate outer retinal lesions in the affected eye at initial diagnosis. OCT showed both inner and outer retinal changes, including disruption of the ellipsoid and interdigitation zones and retinal pigment epithelium/Bruch's membrane complex, as well as punctate, preretinal, hyperreflective lesions at the vitreoretinal interface, which regressed with treatment.

CONCLUSION:
Multimodal imaging is useful in diagnosing and monitoring treatment response in PORT, an uncommon presentation of ocular toxoplasmosis that must be differentiated from white dot syndromes or other causes of unilateral retinitis.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2019;50:281–287.]
Classification of Strokes in Patients Receiving Intravitreal Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor
Authors: Starr Matthew R. , Dalvin Lauren A. , AbouChehade Jackson E. , Damento Gena M. , Garcia Maria D. , Shah Saumya M. , Hodge David O. , Meissner Irene , Iezzi Raymond , Bakri Sophie J. 
Published: May 2019

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
The purpose of this study was to identify the differences in the types of strokes seen in patients receiving intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) compared with normal control populations.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
We performed a retrospective consecutive review of all patients receiving intravitreal anti-VEGF injections in Olmsted County, Minnesota, from January 1, 2004, to December 31, 2013, for exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic macular edema (DME), proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), or retinal vein occlusion (RVO). A 2-year follow-up period was required for study inclusion. Three age- and sex-matched cohorts were identified.

RESULTS:

A total of 2,541 patients were examined. There were 690 patients identified during the study period as receiving an intravitreal injection for AMD, DME, PDR, or RVO. Of these patients, 38 (5.8%) suffered a stroke after starting intravitreal injection therapy. Of these strokes, 27 (71.1%) were ischemic, six (15.8%) were embolic, and five (13.2%) were hemorrhagic. There were no differences in the types of strokes identified among the patients receiving intravitreal injections between the case cohort and the control cohorts (
P
> .05 for all).

CONCLUSION:
The authors' data suggest there is no predilection to the development of ischemic infarcts or hemorrhagic strokes in those patients receiving intravitreal anti-VEGF compared with control populations.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2019;50:e140–e157.]
Healthy Donors Exhibit a CD4 T Cell Repertoire Specific to the Immunogenic Human Hormone H2-Relaxin before Injection
Authors: Azam Aurélien , Gallais Yann , Mallart Sergio , Illiano Stephane , Duclos Olivier , Prades Catherine , Maillère Bernard 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
H2-relaxin (RLN2) is a two-chain peptide hormone structurally related to insulin with a therapeutic potential in multiple indications. However, multiple injections of human RLN2 induced anti-RLN2 Abs in patients, hampering its clinical development. As T cell activation is required to produce Abs, we wondered whether T cells specific for RLN2 might be already present in the human blood before any injection. We therefore quantified the RLN2-specific T cell repertoire using PBMCs collected from healthy donors. CD4 T cells were stimulated in multiple replicates by weekly rounds of stimulation by dendritic cells loaded with RLN2, and their specificity was assessed by IFN-γ ELISPOT. The number of specific T cell lines was used to estimate the frequency of circulating T cells. In vitro T cell response was demonstrated in 18 of the 23 healthy donors, leading to the generation of 70 independent RLN2-specific T cell lines. The mean frequency of RLN2-specific CD4 T cells was similar to that of T cells specific for known immunogenic therapeutic proteins. Using overlapping peptides, we identified multiple T cell epitopes hosted in the N-terminal parts of the α- and β-chains and common to multiple donors, in agreement with their capacity to bind to multiple HLA-DR molecules. Our results provide important clues to the immunogenicity of RLN2 and highlight the weak central immune tolerance induced against this self-hormone.