bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Variable Contribution of TMEM16A to Tone in Murine Arterial Vasculature
Authors: Jensen Anders Bisgaard , Joergensen Henrik Black , Dam Vibeke Secher , Kamaev Dmitrii , Boedtkjer Donna , Füchtbauer Ernst‐Martin , Aalkjaer Christian , Matchkov Vladimir V. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractTMEM16A is essential for Ca2+‐activated Cl− conductance in vascular smooth muscle. The importance of TMEM16A for agonist‐induced vascular constriction and blood pressure control is, however, under debate. Previous studies suggested that TMEM16A might have a complex cellular function beyond being essential for the Ca2+‐activated Cl− conductance, for example modulation of Ca2+ channel expression. Mice with constitutive, smooth muscle‐specific expression of siRNA directed against Tmem16a (transgenic mice, TG) were generated. Isometric constrictions of isolated aorta, mesenteric, femoral and tail arteries from TG mice were compared with wild‐types. Protein expression was analysed by Western blots. Blood pressure and heart rate were studied telemetrically. Significant TMEM16A down‐regulation was seen in aorta and tail arteries, while no changes were detected in mesenteric and femoral arteries. Contractile responses of mesenteric and femoral arteries from TG and wild‐type mice were not different. Aorta from TG mice showed reduced agonist‐induced constriction, while their responses to elevated K+ were unchanged. Tail arteries from TG mice also constricted less to adrenergic stimulation than wild‐types. Surprisingly, tail arteries from TG mice constricted less to elevated K+ too and were more sensitive to nifedipine‐induced relaxation. Consistently, TMEM16A down‐regulation in tail arteries was associated with reduction in CACNA1C protein (i.e. vascular L‐type Ca2+ channel) expression. No differences in blood pressure and heart rate between the groups were seen. This study suggests a complex contribution of TMEM16A in vascular function. We suggest that TMEM16A modulates arterial contractility, at least in part, indirectly via regulation of CACNA1C expression.
Reversal of Hartmann's procedure: a single‐centre experience of 533 consecutive cases
Authors: Royo‐Aznar A. , Moro‐Valdezate D. , Martín‐Arévalo J. , Pla‐Martí V. , García‐Botello S. , Espín‐Basany E. , Espí‐Macías A. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAimHartmann's procedure (HP) is common. However, restoration of intestinal continuity is not so frequent. The aim of this study was to determine predictive factors which might influence outcomes following the reversal of HP.MethodAll consecutive patients who underwent elective and emergency HP in a single institution between January 1999 and December 2014 were included. Data concerning patient, disease and treatment features were collected. Univariate and multivariate binary logistic regression models were used to determine prognostic factors.ResultsA total of 533 consecutive patients underwent HP over the 16‐year period. Factors that were associated with a higher probability of reversal were age (< 69 years), American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grade (I or II), indication for HP (likelihood of anastomotic leakage) and length of rectal stump reaching or exceeding the sacral promontory. A reduced probability of intestinal reconstruction was associated with anal incontinence, Stage IV cancer, postoperative transfusion or elective surgery.ConclusionAge, ASA grade, the indication for HP, the length of rectal stump, anal incontinence, tumour stage, postoperative transfusion and elective surgery determine the probability of reversal.
Efficacy and safety of trans‐bronchial cryo in comparison with forceps biopsy in lung allograft recipients: Analysis of 402 procedures
Authors: Gershman Evgeni , Ridman Elena , Fridel Ludmila , Shtraichman Osnat , Pertzov Barak , Rosengarten Dror , Rahman Nader Abdel , Shitenberg Dorit , Kramer Mordechai R. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBackgroundTrans‐bronchial forceps biopsy (TBFB) is the gold standard to establish the presence of allograft rejection or infection after lung transplantation. We aimed to analyze the diagnostic yield and safety of trans‐bronchial cryobiopsy (TBCB) in lung allografts.MethodsRetrospective analysis of 402 TBB procedures in 362 lung recipients was performed between 2011 and 2016. Half of the cases (201) were performed by TBCB and the other half by TBFB. One hundred random slides of TBB specimens from lung allografts were reviewed for artifacts, bleeding, and histological evidence.ResultsBoth TBB groups were comparable in age, gender distribution, and time following transplantation. Acute rejection was diagnosed in 21.9% of the TBCB group vs 14.9% in the TBFB group (P = .09) and only 2 cases (1%) of nondiagnostic tissue in TBCB group and 4 cases (2%) in TBFB group (P = .685). Complications of pneumothorax and bleeding occurred in 9 (4.5%) vs 8 (4%) and 5 (2.5%) vs 4 (2%) in TBCB vs TBFB groups, respectively. The TBCB specimens were larger than TBFB (average 16.6 vs 6.6 mm2; P < .001). Crush and bleeding artifacts were seen in 11 (22%) and 23 (46%) of TBFB, respectively, yet none in TBCB group (P < .001).ConclusionTrans‐bronchial cryobiopsy is safe and effective for diagnosis of lung allograft rejection.
Dobutamine stress echocardiography, myocardial perfusion scintigraphy, invasive coronary angiography, and post‐liver transplantation events: Systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Soldera Jonathan , Camazzola Fábio , Rodríguez Santiago , Brandão Ajacio 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe impact of coronary artery disease on the clinical course of patients enrolled for liver transplantation (LT) has changed over the years as these patients become older and sicker. The purpose of this systematic review and meta‐analysis was to investigate the value of dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE), myocardial perfusion scintigraphy (MPS), and invasive coronary angiography (ICA) in predicting cardiac events post‐LT in cirrhotic patients. A literature search was conducted using Scopus, Web of Science, EMBASE, MEDLINE (via PubMed), BIREME (regional medical library of the Pan American Health Organization), LILACS (Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature), Cochrane Library for Systematic Reviews, and OpenGrey Repository (www.opengrey.eu) electronic databases. A total of 322 records were retrieved for DSE, 90 for MPS, and 149 for ICA. In the final analysis, 11 records for DSE, 7 for MPS, and 8 for ICA were included. The relative risk and confidence interval for major adverse cardiac events were 30.2 (2.8‐325.4) for DSE, 2.6 (1.09‐6.1) for MPS, and 2.1 (1.0‐2.3) for ICA, while the relative risk and confidence interval for all‐cause mortality was 4.7 for DSE (1.8‐12.0), 2.7 (1.25‐5.9) for MPS, and 1.5 (0.89‐3.2) for ICA. In conclusion, this meta‐analysis found that DSE, MPS, and ICA do not satisfactorily predict increased risk of perioperative MACE or all‐cause mortality among cirrhotic patients listed for LT, among small and heterogenous studies.
Molecular testing practices and perceptions among dermatopathologists
Authors: Torre Kristin , Jhorar Preeti , Wu Rong , Pfeifer John , Elaba Zendee , Murphy Michael 
Published: February 2018

BackgroundWe evaluated how dermatopathologists are employing molecular testing in the setting of neoplastic skin diseases, and assessed their opinions of the broader role and utility of molecular technologies in clinical practice.MethodsA 15‐question online survey was sent to Fellows of the American Society of Dermatopathology in April 2017.ResultsOne hundred and thirty‐six dermatopathologists completed the survey (response rate = 16%). A majority (94%) of respondents reported experience with one or more molecular testing strategies. Sixty‐two percent of dermatopathologists order 12 or more molecular tests per year, while 5% of respondents order 2 or fewer assays per year. More frequent utilization of molecular testing is associated with relevant instruction during residency training (P = .009), primary board certification in pathology (P = .008), academic medical center affiliation (P = <.0001), higher volume clinical practice (P = .0004), presence of on‐site clinical molecular pathology/cytogenetics laboratory (P = .007), and greater physician confidence incorporating test results into histopathological assessments (P = <.0001).ConclusionsWider adoption of molecular testing in dermatopathology may be limited by factors such as physician training, test costs/insurance coverage, logistical issues and lack of evidence‐based clinical practice guidelines. Dermatopathologists have concerns regarding clinical validity/utility and inappropriate/overuse of some molecular tests. The importance of longitudinal education in molecular technologies and their applications for trainee and practicing physicians is highlighted.
Use of non‐vitamin K oral anticoagulants in people with atrial fibrillation and diabetes mellitus
Authors: Itzhaki Ben Zadok O. , Eisen A. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAimsTo examine the efficacy and safety of non‐vitamin K oral anticoagulants in people with both atrial fibrillation and diabetes mellitus.MethodsWe reviewed efficacy and safety data from the warfarin‐controlled phaseIIInon‐vitamin K oral anticoagulants trials (ARISTOTLE,RE‐LY,ROCKET‐AF,ENGAGE AF‐TIMI48) and theirpost hocanalyses with regard to diabetes status. We also reviewed the updated literature regarding this population.ResultsAt baseline 20–40% of the participants in the phaseIIInon‐vitamin K oral anticoagulants trials had diabetes mellitus at baseline. This population, in comparison with those without diabetes, was more likely to have other comorbidities, such as hypertension and coronary artery disease; thus, their cardiovascular risk was higher. Participants with diabetes had higher rates of stroke and systemic embolism than participants without diabetes. This risk was decreased using non‐vitamin K oral anticoagulants, with no significant interaction by diabetic status or the specific drug used. Overall, compared with warfarin, non‐vitamin K oral anticoagulants were safe and reduced the incidence of major bleeding in people with atrial fibrillation and diabetes, although the results varied with the different non‐vitamin K oral anticoagulants.ConclusionsThe efficacy and safety of non‐vitamin K oral anticoagulants compared with warfarin generally extend to participants with diabetes mellitus, although dedicated randomized trials or real‐world data are lacking.
Neonatal adoptive transfer of lymphocytes rescues social behaviour during adolescence in immune‐deficient mice
Authors: Clark Sarah M. , Vaughn Chloe N. , Soroka Jennifer A. , Li Xin , Tonelli Leonardo H. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAccumulating evidence has shown that lymphocytes modulate behaviour and cognition by direct interactions with the central nervous system. Studies have shown that reconstitution by adoptive transfer of lymphocytes from wild type into immune‐deficient mice restores a number of neurobehavioural deficits observed in these models. Moreover, it has been shown that these effects are mostly mediated by T lymphocytes. Studies of adoptive transfer thus far have employed adult mice, but whether lymphocytes may also modulate behaviour during development remains unknown. In this study, neonate lymphocyte‐deficient Rag2−/− mice were reconstituted within 48 hours after birth with lymphoid cells from transgenic donors expressing green fluorescent protein, allowing for their identification in various tissues in recipient mice while retaining all functional aspects. Adolescent Rag2−/− and reconstituted Rag2−/− along with C57BL/6J wild‐type mice underwent a series of behavioural tests, including open field, social interaction and sucrose preference tests. At 12 weeks, they were evaluated in the Morris water maze (MWM). Reconstituted mice showed changes in almost all aspects of behaviour that were assessed, with a remarkable complete rescue of impaired social behaviour displayed by adolescent Rag2−/− mice. Consistent with previous reports in adult mice, neonatal reconstitution in Rag2−/− mice restored spatial memory in the MWM. The presence of donor lymphocytes in the brain of neonatally reconstituted Rag2−/− mice was confirmed at various developmental points. These findings provide evidence that lymphocytes colonize the brain during post‐natal development and modulate behaviour across the lifespan supporting a role for adaptive immunity during brain maturation.
Reduced low‐frequency power and phase locking reflect restoration in the auditory continuity illusion
Authors: Kaiser Mathis , Senkowski Daniel , Roa Romero Yadira , Riecke Lars , Keil Julian 
Published: February 2018

AbstractInterruptions in auditory input can be perceptually restored if they coincide with a masking sound, resulting in a continuity illusion. Previous studies have shown that this continuity illusion is associated with reduced low‐frequency neural oscillations in the auditory cortex. However, the precise contribution of oscillatory amplitude changes and phase alignment to auditory restoration remains unclear. Using electroencephalography, we investigated induced power changes and phase locking in response to 3 Hz amplitude‐modulated tones during the interval of an interrupting noise. We experimentally manipulated both the physical continuity of the tone (continuous vs. interrupted) and the masking potential of the noise (notched vs. full). We observed an attenuation of 3 Hz power during continuity illusions in comparison with both continuous tones and veridically perceived interrupted tones. This illusion‐related suppression of low‐frequency oscillations likely reflects a blurring of auditory object boundaries that supports continuity perception. We further observed increased 3 Hz phase locking during fully masked continuous tones compared with the other conditions. This low‐frequency phase alignment may reflect the neural registration of the interrupting noise as a newly appearing object, whereas during continuity illusions, a spectral portion of this noise is delegated to filling the interruption. Taken together, our findings suggest that the suppression of slow cortical oscillations in both the power and phase domains supports perceptual restoration of interruptions in auditory input.
P2O5‐Fe2O3‐CaO‐SiO2 ferromagnetic glass‐ceramics for hyperthermia
Authors: Ji PengTian , Wang YongYa , Zhang MoRan , Li Bin , Zhang GuiXiang 
Published: February 2018

AbstractFerromagnetic glass‐ceramics are an important kind of thermoseed material for hyperthermia treatments. In order to investigate the applications of glass‐ceramics in magnetic hyperthermia, P2O5‐Fe2O3‐CaO‐SiO2 (PFCS) glass‐ceramics with different compositions were prepared by the sol‐gel method. The crystal phase, magnetic properties, induction heating ability, and cytotoxicity of the as‐prepared glass‐ceramics were investigated. The results show that all the samples exhibit low cytotoxicity and good induction heating ability. Moreover, it was found that the phosphorus content affected the crystal phase component of the sample, and thus influenced the induction heating ability. Results of the magnetic hyperthermia experiments showed that the PFCS glass‐ceramic samples induced significant cell death of the LoVo cancer cells. The highest cell death rate for sample B2P7 was more than 95%, which suggests good application prospects in the field of hyperthermia therapy.
Calcicolous plants colonize limed mires after long‐distance dispersal
Authors: Lönnell Niklas , Hylander Kristoffer 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAimDispersal range is a key factor for understanding species' persistence in dynamic landscapes. However, dispersal, especially over long distances, is inherently difficult to study. Making use of a unique system of anthropogenically disturbed, geographically isolated mires, we assessed dispersal ranges for a group of plants restricted to wet calcareous conditions via empirical studies of colonization patterns. We hypothesized that more species would have colonized the less isolated mires and that colonization frequencies would be related to traits influencing propagule pressure.LocationSweden.TaxonCalcicolous vascular plants and bryophytes.MethodsThe study system consisted of 52 acidic mires that had acquired a high pH through active liming by the Swedish government during the past two decades. These conditions killed off mat‐forming peat mosses, rendering the mires open to colonization by other species. In each mire, we recorded the presence of rich fen plant species typically found in high pH wet soils throughout the country. We used citizen science‐collected records of occurrences of obligate‐rich fen species surrounding each mire to examine the likely dispersal distances that were involved in creating the colonization patterns.ResultsA lower proportion of vascular plants than bryophytes from their respective species pools colonized the limed mires (27% vs. 67%, p = .001). The number of colonized rich fen species per site was 0–6 for vascular plants and 10–31 for bryophytes, and was positively related to potential diaspore sources >20 km from the mires (p = .026 and p = .012, respectively). The proportion of colonized mires was positively related to the species' regional frequency, but not with their diaspores' terminal velocity.Main conclusionsMany bryophyte species can effectively disperse over long distances (tens of kilometres) and variation among species in total diaspore production seems to be an important regulator of colonization across landscapes, for both vascular plants and bryophytes, in communities that are open to colonization.
Difference in normal limit values of nerve conduction parameters between Westerners and Japanese people might need to be considered when diagnosing diabetic polyneuropathy using a Point‐of‐Care Sural Nerve Conduction Device (NC‐stat®/DPNCheck™)
Authors: Hirayasu Kazuhiro , Sasaki Hideyuki , Kishimoto Shohei , Kurisu Seigo , Noda Koji , Ogawa Kenichi , Tanaka Hiroto , Sakakibara Yumiko , Matsuno Shohei , Furuta Hiroto , Arita Mikio , Naka Keigo , Nanjo Kishio 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAim/IntroductionStudies on a novel point‐of‐care device for nerve conduction study called DPNCheck have been limited to Westerners. We aimed to clarify Japanese normal limits of nerve action potential amplitude (Amp) and conduction velocity by DPNCheck (investigation I), and the validity of DPNCheck to identify diabetic symmetric sensorimotor polyneuropathy (DSPN; investigation II).Materials and MethodsFor investigation I, 463 non‐neuropathic Japanese participants underwent DPNCheck examinations. Regression formulas calculating the normal limits of Amp and conduction velocity (Japanese regression formulas [JRF]) were determined by quantile regression and then compared with regression formulas of individuals from the USA (USRF). For investigation II, in 92 Japanese diabetes patients, ‘probable DSPN’ was diagnosed and nerve conduction abnormalities (NCA1: one or more abnormalities, and NCA2: two abnormalities in Amp and conduction velocity) were determined. Validity of NCAs to identify ‘probable DSPN’ was evaluated by determining sensitivity, specificity, reproducibility (kappa‐coefficient) and the area under the curve of receiver operating characteristic curves.ResultsFor investigation I, JRF was different from USRF, and normal limits by JRF were higher than that of USRF. The prevalence of Amp abnormality calculated by JRF was significantly higher than that of USRF. For investigation II, the sensitivity, specificity and reproducibility of NCA1 and NCA2 judged from JRF were 85%, 86% and 0.57, and 43%, 100% and 0.56, respectively. These values of JRF were higher than those of USRF. The area under the curve of JRF (0.89) was larger than USRF (0.82).ConclusionsA significant difference in the normal limits of nerve conduction parameters by DPNCheck between Japanese and USA individuals was suggested. Validity to identify DSPN of NCAs might improve by changing the judgment criteria from USRF to JRF.
Transportability of non‐target arthropod field data for the use in environmental risk assessment of genetically modified maize in Northern Mexico
Authors: Corrales Madrid J. L. , Martínez Carrillo J. L. , Osuna Martínez M. B. , Durán Pompa H. A. , Alonso Escobedo J. , Javier Quiñones F. , Garzón Tiznado J. A. , Castro Espinoza L. , Zavala García F. , Espinoza Banda A. , González García J. , Jiang C. , Brown C. R. , de la F. Martínez J. M. , Heredia Díaz O. , Whitsel J. E. , Asiimwe P. , Baltazar B. M. , Ahmad A. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractIn country, non‐target arthropod (NTA) field evaluations are required to comply with the regulatory process for cultivation of genetically modified (GM) maize in Mexico. Two sets of field trials, Experimental Phase and Pilot Phase, were conducted to identify any potential harm of insect‐protected and glyphosate‐tolerant maize (MON‐89Ø34‐3 × MON‐88Ø17‐3 and MON‐89Ø34‐3 × MON‐ØØ6Ø3‐6) and glyphosate‐tolerant maize (MON‐ØØ6Ø3‐6) to local NTAs compared to conventional maize. NTA abundance data were collected at 32 sites, providing high geographic and environmental diversity within maize production areas from four ecological regions (ecoregions) in northern Mexico. The most abundant herbivorous taxa collected included field crickets, corn flea beetles, rootworm beetles, cornsilk flies, aphids, leafhoppers, plant bugs and thrips while the most abundant beneficial taxa captured were soil mites, spiders, predatory ground beetles, rove beetles, springtails (Collembola), predatory earwigs, ladybird beetles, syrphid flies, tachinid flies, minute pirate bugs, parasitic wasps and lacewings. Across the taxa analysed, no statistically significant differences in abundance were detected between GM maize and the conventional maize control for 69 of the 74 comparisons (93.2%) indicating that the single or stacked insect‐protected and herbicide‐tolerant GM traits generally exert no marked adverse effects on the arthropod populations compared with conventional maize. The distribution of taxa observed in this study provides evidence that irrespective of variations in overall biodiversity of a given ecoregion, important herbivore, predatory and parasitic arthropod taxa within the commercial maize agroecosystem are highly similar indicating that relevant data generated in one ecoregion can be transportable for the risk assessment of the same or similar GM crop in another ecoregion.