bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tuning the Néel temperature in an antiferromagnet: the case of NixCo1−xO microstructures
Authors: Mandziak Anna , D. Soria Guiomar , Prieto José Emilio , Prieto Pilar , Granados-Miralles Cecilia , Quesada Adrian , Foerster Michael , Aballe Lucia , de la Figuera Juan 
Published: September 2019

AbstractWe show that it is possible to tune the Néel temperature of nickel(II)-cobalt(II) oxide films by changing the Ni to Co ratio. We grow single crystalline micrometric triangular islands with tens of nanometers thickness on a Ru(0001) substrate using high temperature oxygen-assisted molecular beam epitaxy. Composition is controlled by adjusting the deposition rates of Co and Ni. The morphology, shape, crystal structure and composition are determined by low-energy electron microscopy and diffraction, and synchrotron-based x-ray absorption spectromicroscopy. The antiferromagnetic order is observed by x-ray magnetic linear dichroism. Antiferromagnetic domains up to micrometer width are observed.
Percutaneous contrast-enhanced ultrasound for localization and diagnosis of sentinel lymph node in early breast cancer
Authors: Liu Jian , Liu Xiaoling , He Jiao , Gou Bo , Luo Yujie , Deng Sihui , Wen Hong , Zhou Lin 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis study assessed the efficacy of percutaneous contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in localization sentinel lymph node (SLNs) for biopsy and diagnosis of metastatic SLNs in patients with early breast cancer. From January to November 2017, seventy-five patients with early breast cancer confirmed by pathology were enrolled in this study. CEUS was performed after subdermal injection of ultrasound contrast agent (SonoVue, 2.0 ml in total dose) around the areola on the ipsilateral side of the breast. The contrast-enhanced lymphatic vessels and associated SLNs were observed and traced in real time. The lymphatic vessels and SLN were mapped and labeled on the skin surface. Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) was performed after injection of 2.0 ml methylene blue at same injection site of SonoVue. The accuracy of percutaneous CEUS localization of SLNs was determined compared to blue dye injection technique. The pathological results under blue dye guided biopsy were used as the reference standard to calculate the sensitivity and specificity of CEUS for the diagnosis of SLNs. A total of 163 SLNs obtained through SLNB following methylene blue tracing in 75 patients. There were 116 SLNs identified by percutaneous CEUS. The difference of detection rates between blue dye and CEUS was statistically significant (Z = −2.651, P = 0.008). The identification rate of SLNs by CEUS was 71.17% (116/163). The accuracy of percutaneous CEUS localization of axillary SLNs was 94.67% (71/75) compared to blue dye-guided biopsy. Among the 116 SLNs detected by percutaneous CEUS, pathologic results showed 51 positive SLNs and 65 negative SLNs whiles CEUS findings indicated 83 positive SLNs and 33 negative SLNs. Only 50 of 83 SLNs had metastasis on pathology, while 33 were detected as false positive. The sensitivity and specificity of CEUS for the diagnosis of metastatic SLN was 98.04%(50/51) and 49.23%(32/65), respectively. Percutaneous CEUS can be used as an effective method to localize the SLNs for guiding SLNB. This method has excellent sensitivity for identifying the SLNs but lower specificity for detecting metastatic SLNs in patients with early stage breast cancer.
Cytarabine-based induction immunochemotherapy in the front-line treatment of older patients with mantle cell lymphoma
Authors: Ratnasingam Sumita , Casan Joshua , Shortt Jake , Hawkes Eliza , Gilbertson Michael , McQuilten Zoe , Grigoriadis George , Htun Kay Thwe , Htet Swe Myo , Campbell Philip , Chai Khai Li , Quach Hang , Patil Sushrut , Opat Stephen 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe role of cytarabine-based induction and autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) in front-line treatment of younger patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is well established, however the utility of intensive approaches in older patients remains unclear. This retrospective study compared first line treatment outcomes in patients aged 60 years or more, treated at six tertiary centres between 2000–2015. 70 patients included had a median age of 69 (60–91) and most (94%) demonstrated advanced stage disease. Treatment regimens included: R-CHOP-like (n = 39), alternating R-CHOP/R-DHAC (n = 10), R-HyperCVAD/R-MA (n = 7), R-CHOP/Cytarabine (Nordic Protocol) (n = 10) and other (n = 4). 16 patients underwent an ASCT. The median follow-up for surviving patients was 37 months. Compared to R-CHOP-like therapies, cytarabine-based regimens were associated with an improved overall response rate (ORR) of 70% vs 33% (p < 0.001) and overall survival (OS) (HR 0.541, [0.292–1.001], p = 0.05). No difference in efficacy between different cytarabine-based regimens was detected, but R-HyperCVAD/R-MA was associated with increased hospitalisation and transfusion requirements. Patients undergoing ASCT demonstrated an improved median OS (HR 0.108 [0.015–0.796], p = 0.029) but were significantly younger. These results reaffirm the use of cytarabine in MCL for selected patients aged over 60. Such regimens should be strongly considered for this population in frontline therapy.
Single-gap superconductivity in Mo8Ga41
Authors: Marcin Miroslav , Kačmarčík Jozef , Pribulová Zuzana , Kopčík Michal , Szabó Pavol , Šofranko Ondrej , Samuely Tomáš , Vaňo Viliam , Marcenat Christophe , Verchenko Valeriy Yu. , Shevelkov Andrei V. , Samuely Peter 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIn this paper, the potential existence of two-gap superconductivity in Mo8Ga41 is addressed in detail by means of thermodynamic and spectroscopic measurements. A combination of highly sensitive bulk and surface probes, specifically ac-calorimetry and scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS), are utilized on the same piece of crystal and reveal the presence of only one intrinsic gap in the system featuring strong electron-phonon coupling. Minute traces of additional superconducting phases detected by STS and also in the heat capacity measured in high magnetic fields on a high-quality and seemingly single-phase crystal might mimic the multigap superconductivity of Mo8Ga41 suggested recently in several studies.
Performance of composite mineral adsorbents for removing Cu, Cd, and Pb ions from polluted water
Authors: Lim Woo-Ri , Kim Sung Wook , Lee Chang-Han , Choi Eun-Kyeong , Oh Myoung Hak , Seo Seung Nam , Park Heung-Jai , Hamm Se-Yeong 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis study evaluated the efficiency of the removal of heavy metals from contaminated water via adsorption isotherm and kinetic experiments on two composite mineral adsorbents, CMA1 and CMA2. The developed CMA1 (zeolite with clinoptilolite of over 20 weight percent and feldspar of ~10 percent, with Portland cement) and CMA2 (zeolite with feldspar of over 15 weight percent and ~9 percent clinoptilolite, with Portland cement) were applied to remove Cu, Cd, and Pb ions. Based on the adsorption isotherm and kinetic experiments, the adsorbents CMA1 and CMA2 exhibited high removal efficiency for Cu, Cd, and Pb ions in solution compared to other adsorbents. In the adsorption kinetic experiment, CMA2 demonstrated better adsorption than CMA1 with the same initial concentration and reaction time, and Cu, Cd, and Pb ions almost reached equilibrium within 180 min for both CMA1 and CMA2. The results of the adsorption kinetic experiments with pseudo-first-order (PFO) and pseudo-second-order (PSO) models indicated that the PSO model was more suitable than the PFO model. Comparing the Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherm models, the former showed a very slightly higher correlation coefficient (r2) than the latter, indicating that the two models can both be applied to heavy metal solutions on a spherical monolayer surface with a weak heterogeneity of the surface. Additionally, the adsorbents CMA1 and CMA2 demonstrated different removal abilities depending on which heavy metals were used.
Goal-directed vs. habitual instrumental behavior during reward processing in anorexia nervosa: an fMRI study
Authors: Steding Julius , Boehm Ilka , King Joseph A. , Geisler Daniel , Ritschel Franziska , Seidel Maria , Doose Arne , Jaite Charlotte , Roessner Veit , Smolka Michael N. , Ehrlich Stefan 
Published: September 2019

AbstractPrevious studies have proposed that altered reward processing and elevated cognitive control underlie the etiology of anorexia nervosa (AN). A newly debated notion suggests altered habit learning and an overreliance on habits may contribute to the persistence of AN. In weight-recovered AN patients, we previously found neuroimaging-based evidence for unaltered reward processing, but elevated cognitive control. In order to differentiate between state versus trait factors, we here contrast the aforementioned hypotheses in a sample of acutely underweight AN (acAN) patients. 37 acAN patients and 37 closely matched healthy controls (HC) underwent a functional MRI while performing an established instrumental motivation task. We found no group differences with respect to neural responses during the anticipation or receipt of reward. However, the behavioral response data showed a bimodal distribution, indicative for a goal-directed (gAN) and a habit-driven (hAN) patient subgroup. Additional analyses revealed decreased mOFC activation during reward anticipation in hAN, which would be in line with a habit-driven response. These findings provide a new perspective on the debate regarding the notion of increased goal-directed versus habitual behavior in AN. If replicable, the observed dissociation between gAN and hAN might help to tailor therapeutic approaches to individual patient characteristics.
Cold exposure induces dynamic, heterogeneous alterations in human brown adipose tissue lipid content
Authors: Coolbaugh Crystal L. , Damon Bruce M. , Bush Emily C. , Welch E. Brian , Towse Theodore F. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBrown adipose tissue undergoes a dynamic, heterogeneous response to cold exposure that can include the simultaneous synthesis, uptake, and oxidation of fatty acids. The purpose of this work was to quantify these changes in brown adipose tissue lipid content (fat-signal fraction (FSF)) using fat-water magnetic resonance imaging during individualized cooling to 3 °C above a participant’s shiver threshold. Eight healthy men completed familiarization, perception-based cooling, and MRI-cooling visits. FSF maps of the supraclavicular region were acquired in thermoneutrality and during cooling (59.5 ± 6.5 min). Brown adipose tissue regions of interest were defined, and voxels were grouped into FSF decades (0–10%, 10–20%…90–100%) according to their initial value. Brown adipose tissue contained a heterogeneous morphology of lipid content. Voxels with initial FSF values of 60–100% (P < 0.05) exhibited a significant decrease in FSF while a simultaneous increase in FSF occurred in voxels with initial FSF values of 0–30% (P < 0.05). These data suggest that in healthy young men, cold exposure elicits a dynamic and heterogeneous response in brown adipose tissue, with areas initially rich with lipid undergoing net lipid loss and areas of low initial lipid undergoing a net lipid accumulation.
Genetic structure and population connectivity of the blue and red shrimp Aristeus antennatus
Authors: Heras Sandra , Planella Laia , García-Marín José-Luis , Vera Manuel , Roldán María Inés 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe blue and red shrimp Aristeus antennatus is a demersal marine species harvested by bottom trawling in the Mediterranean Sea, the adjacent Atlantic Ocean (AO) waters, and the Mozambique Channel in the Indian Ocean (IO). As it is considered to be a priority species for sustainable fishing, identification of its genetic stocks and the connectivity between them is essential. Using 12 microsatellite loci we detected at least four genetic stocks distributed in the Western Mediterranean (WM), Eastern Mediterranean (EM), AO, and IO and signals for a possible fifth stock in the Alborán Sea. We detected no additional population structuring within the WM. Thus, although the Almería-Orán Front exerts some isolating effect, high genetic homogeneity and gene flow are present within the WM Basin. The IO stock is genetically closer to the AO stock than to the others; thus, the species dispersion route is more likely via the Atlantic Ocean than via the Red Sea. Large effective population sizes suggest population sustainability, but moderate genetic diversity values indicate to proceed with caution. Our genetic results serve as a basis for species conservation to ensure long-term sustainability of this marine resource.
Marked variation in heritability estimates of left ventricular mass depending on modality of measurement
Authors: Nethononda Richard M. , McGurk Kathryn A. , Whitworth Polly , Francis Jane , Mamasoula Chysovalanto , Cordell Heather J. , Neubauer Stefan , Keavney Bernard D. , Mayosi Bongani M. , Farrall Martin , Watkins Hugh 
Published: September 2019

AbstractLeft ventricular (LV) hypertrophy is a strong risk factor for heart failure and cardiovascular death. ECG measures of LV mass are estimated as heritable in twin and family-based analyses and heritability estimates of LV mass measured by echocardiography are lower. We hypothesised that CMR-derived measurements, being more precise than echocardiographic measurements, would advance our understanding of heritable LV traits. We phenotyped 116 British families (427 individuals) by CMR and ECG, and undertook heritability analyses using variance-components (QTDT) and GWAS SNP-based (GCTA-GREML) methods. ECG-based traits such as LV mass and Sokolow-Lyon duration showed substantial estimates of heritability (60%), whereas CMR-derived LV mass was only modestly heritable (20%). However, the ECG LV mass was positively correlated with the lateral diameter of the chest (rho = 0.67), and adjustment for this attenuated the heritability estimate (42%). Finally, CMR-derived right ventricular mass showed considerable heritability (44%). Heritability estimates of LV phenotypes show substantial variation depending on the modality of measurement, being greater when measured by ECG than CMR. This may reflect the differences between electrophysiological as opposed to anatomical hypertrophy. However, ECG LV hypertrophy traits are likely to be influenced by genetic association with anthropometric measures, inflating their overall measured heritability.
Clinical and Microbiological Characteristics of Group B Streptococcus from Pregnant Women and Diseased Infants in Intrapartum Antibiotic Prophylaxis Era in Taiwan
Authors: Lee Chien-Chung , Hsu Jen-Fu , Prasad Janapatla Rajendra , Chen Chyi-Liang , Zhou Ying-Li , Lien Reyin , Chiu Cheng-Hsun 
Published: September 2019

AbstractGroup B Streptococcus (GBS) is one of the most important pathogens for neonates. This study included 69 invasive GBS diseases in neonates, including 7 early-onset disease (EOD), 55 late-onset disease, and 7 very-late-onset disease from 2013 to 2017. A significant reduction of EOD after the deployment of intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis (IAP) in 2012 was observed. A previously-recognized hypervirulent clone GBS III ST17, accounting for 68% of the overall infections and 71% of the meningitis, was identified among the 69 cases. A novel GBS Ia ST890 emerged, becoming the fourth most common clone. Overall 96% of the invasive GBS infections were caused by serotypes Ia, Ib, and III. We collected 300 GBS isolates from vagina of the healthy pregnant women in 2014 and 2017. The serotype distribution of the maternal colonization isolates was VI (35%), III (21%), V (15%), Ib (13%) and Ia (11%) in 2014, and VI (32%), III (22%), V (16%), Ia (16%), and Ib (8%) in 2017. The most common sequence types were ST1 (32%), ST12 (22%), and ST23 (15%). Serotype diversity of maternal colonization strains did not change between 2014 and 2017. The study provides useful information in surveillance of GBS disease in the era of IAP.
Thickness-dependent magnetic order in CrI3 single crystals
Authors: Liu Yu , Wu Lijun , Tong Xiao , Li Jun , Tao Jing , Zhu Yimei , Petrovic C. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractTwo-dimensional (2D) materials with intrinsic ferromagnetism provide unique opportunity to engineer new functionalities in nano-spintronics. One such material is CrI3, showing long-range magnetic order in monolayer with the Curie temperature (Tc) of 45 K. Here we study detailed evolution of magnetic transition and magnetic critical properties in response to systematic reduction in crystal thickness down to 50 nm. Bulk Tc of 61 K is gradually suppressed to 57 K, however, the satellite transition at T * = 45 K is observed layer-independent at fixed magnetic field of 1 kOe. The origin of T * is proposed to be a crossover from pinning to depinning of magnetic domain walls. The reduction of thickness facilitates a field-driven metamagnetic transition around 20 kOe with out-of-plane field, in contrast to the continuous changes with in-plane field. The critical analysis around Tc elucidates the mean-field type interactions in microscale-thick CrI3.
A highly thermostable crude endoglucanase produced by a newly isolated Thermobifida fusca strain UPMC 901
Authors: Zainudin Mohd Huzairi Mohd , Mustapha Nurul Asyifah , Hassan Mohd Ali , Bahrin Ezyana Kamal , Tokura Mitsunori , Yasueda Hisashi , Shirai Yoshihito 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA thermophilic Thermobifida fusca strain UPMC 901, harboring highly thermostable cellulolytic activity, was successfully isolated from oil palm empty fruit bunch compost. Its endoglucanase had the highest activity at 24 hours of incubation in carboxymethyl-cellulose (CMC) and filter paper. A maximum endoglucanase activity of 0.9 U/mL was achieved at pH 5 and 60 °C using CMC as a carbon source. The endoglucanase properties were further characterized using crude enzyme preparations from the culture supernatant. Thermal stability indicated that the endoglucanase activity was highly stable at 70 °C for 24 hours. Furthermore, the activity was found to be completely maintained without any loss at 50 °C and 60 °C for 144 hours, making it the most stable than other endoglucanases reported in the literature. The high stability of the endoglucanase at an elevated temperature for a prolonged period of time makes it a suitable candidate for the biorefinery application.
A spatio-kinematic model for jets in post-AGB stars,
Authors: Bollen D. , Kamath D. , Van Winckel H. , De Marco O. 
Published: September 2019

Aims. We aim to determine the geometry, density gradient, and velocity structure of jets in post-asymptotic giant branch (post-AGB) binaries.
Methods. Our high cadence time series of high-resolution optical spectra of jet-creating post-AGB binary systems provide us with a unique tomography of the jet. We determine the spatio-kinematic structure of the jets based on these data by fitting the synthetic spectral line profiles created by our model to the observed, orbital phase-resolved, Hα-line profiles of these systems. The fitting routine is provided with an initial spectrum and is allowed to test three configurations, derived from three specific jet launching models: a stellar jet launched by the star, an X-wind, and a disk wind configuration. We apply a Markov-chain Monte Carlo routine in order to fit our model to the observations. Our fitting code is tested on the post-AGB binary IRAS 19135+3937.
Results. We find that a model using the stellar jet configuration gives a marginally better fit to our observations. The jet has a wide half-opening angle of about 76° and reaches velocities up to 870 km s−1.
Conclusions. Our methodology is successful in determining some parameters for jets in post-AGB binaries. The model for IRAS 19135+3937 includes a transparent, low density inner region (for a half-opening angle < 40°). The source feeding the accretion disk around the companion is most likely the circumbinary disk. We will apply this jet fitting routine to other jet-creating post-AGB stars in order to provide a more complete description of these objects.
Black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae powder as a larval diet ingredient for mass-rearing Aedes mosquitoes
Authors: Mamai Wadaka , Bimbilé Somda Nanwintoum Sévérin , Maiga Hamidou , Konczal Anna , Wallner Thomas , Bakhoum Mame Thierno , Yamada Hanano , Bouyer Jérémy 
Published: September 2019

The mass production of mosquitoes is becoming more wide-spread due to the increased application of the sterile insect technique (SIT) and other genetic control programmes. Due to the variable availability and high cost of the bovine liver powder (BLP) constituent of many current larval diets, there is an urgent demand for new ingredients in order to support sustainable and efficient mosquito production while reducing rearing cost, without affecting the quality of the insects produced. Two black soldier fly (BSF) powder-based diet formulations (50% tuna meal, 35% BSF powder, 15% brewer’s yeast and 50% tuna meal + 50% BSF powder) were tested for their suitability to support the development of Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus mosquitoes in mass-rearing conditions. Overall, the results indicate that the use of the BSF powder did not negatively impact the development and quality of the produced insects in terms of time to pupation, adult production and male flight ability. Furthermore, depending on the species and diet formulations, there were improvements in some parameters such as female body size, egg production, egg hatch rate and male longevity. BSF powder is a valuable ingredient that can effectively replace costly BLP for the mass production of high quality Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus mosquitoes. Both diet formulations can be used for Ae. aegypti showing high plasticity to nutrition sources. However, for Ae. albopictus we recommend the combination including brewer’s yeast.
Sonografie in der Rheumatologie
Authors: Löffler Christian , Hellmich Bernhard 
Published: September 2019

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDie Sonografie spielt in der rheumatologischen Diagnostik neben Anamnese, körperlicher Untersuchung und Labor eine zentrale Rolle. In der Klinik ermöglicht die rasche Verfügbarkeit der Sonografie eine zeitnahe Diagnostik bei unterschiedlichen Fragestellungen in der Rheumatologie und liefert durch die Möglichkeit dynamischer Untersuchungen zusätzliche Informationen, welche gegebenenfalls andere bildgebende Verfahren ergänzen.Die Arthrosonografie grenzt nicht nur entzündliche von nicht entzündlichen Gelenkpathologien ab, sie ist auch in der Lage, Aussagen über das quantitative Maß der Entzündungsaktivität, den Remissionsstatus einer Erkrankung, das Vorliegen erosiver Knochenveränderungen und in vielen Fällen auch über die ätiologische Einordnung der Entität zu machen. Neben der Beurteilung von Synovia und Bursen erlaubt der muskuloskelettale Ultraschall auch eine Beurteilung von Sehnen und Enthesen.Bei der Diagnostik von Großgefäßvaskulitiden wie der Riesenzellarteriitis ermöglicht der vaskuläre Ultraschall eine direkte Visualisierung der Gefäßwandentzündung und trägt damit entscheidend zur raschen Diagnosestellung und Ausbreitungsdiagnostik bei.Bei der Abklärung von Sicca-Symptomen können über den Nachweis B-Bild-morphologischer Veränderungen des Speicheldrüsenparenchyms Patienten mit primärem Sjögren-Syndrom rasch identifiziert werden.Der rheumatologische Ultraschall ist aus der Diagnostik bei entzündlichen Systemerkrankungen nicht mehr wegzudenken. Die zunehmende Standardisierung von Durchführung, Befunden und Grenzwerten, die durch die Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) Task Force der European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) vorangetrieben wird, wird in Zukunft zu noch mehr diagnostischer Validität und Vergleichbarkeit beitragen.