bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bionic Poly(γ‐Glutamic Acid) Electrospun Fibrous Scaffolds for Preventing Hypertrophic Scars
Authors: Xu Tingting , Yang Rong , Ma Xuebin , Chen Wei , Liu Shuai , Liu Xin , Cai Xiaojun , Xu Hong , Chi Bo 
Published: April 2019

AbstractHypertrophic scarring (HS) remains a great challenge in wound dressing. Although various bionic extracellular matrix (ECM) biomaterials have been designed towards HS treatment, not all biomaterials can synergize biological functions and application functions in wound repair. Bionic scar‐inhibiting scaffolds, loaded with biomolecules or drugs, become promising strategies for scarless skin regeneration. In this work, inspired by the physicochemical environment of ECM, a versatile fabrication of poly(γ‐glutamic acid) based on electrospun photocrosslinkable hydrogel fibrous scaffolds incorporated with ginsenoside Rg3 (GS‐Rg3) is developed for tissue repair and wound therapy. Decorated with adhesive peptide, bionic fibrous scaffolds can accelerate fibroblasts to sprout and grow, forming organized space‐filling basement that gradually fills a depression before wound close up in the early stage. Additionally, by sustained release of GS‐Rg3 in late stage, fibrous scaffolds promote scarless wound healing in vivo as evidenced by the promotion of cell communication and skin regeneration, as well as the subsequent decrease of angiogenesis and collagen accumulation. These ECM‐inspired fibrous scaffolds, therefore, offer new perspectives on accelerated wound healing and tissue regeneration.
In‐Plane Anisotropic Properties of 1T′‐MoS2 Layers
Authors: Nam Gwang‐Hyeon , He Qiyuan , Wang Xingzhi , Yu Yifu , Chen Junze , Zhang Kang , Yang Zhenzhong , Hu Dianyi , Lai Zhuangchai , Li Bing , Xiong Qihua , Zhang Qing , Gu Lin , Zhang Hua 
Published: April 2019

AbstractCrystal phases play a key role in determining the physicochemical properties of a material. To date, many phases of transition metal dichalcogenides have been discovered, such as octahedral (1T), distorted octahedral (1T′), and trigonal prismatic (2H) phases. Among these, the 1T′ phase offers unique properties and advantages in various applications. Moreover, the 1T′ phase consists of unique zigzag chains of the transition metals, giving rise to interesting in‐plane anisotropic properties. Herein, the in‐plane optical and electrical anisotropies of metastable 1T′‐MoS2 layers are investigated by the angle‐resolved Raman spectroscopy and electrical measurements, respectively. The deconvolution of J1 and J2 peaks in the angle‐resolved Raman spectra is a key characteristic of high‐quality 1T′‐MoS2 crystal. Moreover, it is found that its electrocatalytic performance may be affected by the crystal orientation of anisotropic material due to the anisotropic charge transport.
High‐Efficiency Fiber‐Shaped Perovskite Solar Cell by Vapor‐Assisted Deposition with a Record Efficiency of 10.79%
Authors: Dong Bin , Hu Jing , Xiao Xinyu , Tang Sheng , Gao Xue , Peng Zongyang , Zou Dechun 
Published: April 2019

AbstractSince the breakthrough in power conversion efficiency when perovskite materials are used in planer‐type solar cells, researchers have tried to apply perovskite materials into fiber‐shaped solar cells in order to achieve higher power conversion efficiency. However, the difficulty of film fabrication on the fiber surface makes it difficult to obtain a high‐quality perovskite film layer, and to obtain a large improvement in performance. In this work, the vapor‐assisted deposition method is creatively applied in the preparation of fiber‐shaped solar cells, and realizing the purpose of growing a high‐quality perovskite film layer on the fiber substrate after some innovative changes are made to the fabrication processes. The power conversion efficiency of the finally obtained fiber‐shaped perovskite solar cell reaches 10.79%, which is currently the highest power conversion efficiency in the field of fiber‐shaped solar cells.
Polarization Beam Splitting with Gauge Field Metamaterials
Authors: Liu Fu , Xu Tao , Wang Saisai , Hang Zhi Hong , Li Jensen 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBy designing a microwave metamaterial with biaxial dielectric constants, a 2D polarization‐dependent effective gauge field is experimentally realized for electromagnetic waves. Such an effective gauge field is manifested by the oppositely shifted circular dispersions for two polarizations in k‐space. A polarization beam splitter is experimentally demonstrated as an immediate application of the effective gauge field. Rather than the conventional horizontal |H〉 and vertical |V〉 basis, it allows polarization beam splitting into the |H + V〉 and |H − V〉 basis in the transmission regime and works for a large span of incidence angles, and thus provides additional degrees of freedom in optical signal processing. The implementation has proved that biaxial dielectrics can be a straightforward approach to construct gauge‐field‐driven devices and the same design principle can be further extended to the optical regime.
Lithium‐Free Synthesis of Sodium 2,2,6,6‐Tetramethylpiperidide and Its Synthetic Applications
Authors: Asako Sobi , Kodera Masato , Nakajima Hirotaka , Takai Kazuhiko 
Published: April 2019

AbstractLithium‐free synthetic methods for sodium 2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperide (NaTMP) have been developed using sodium dispersion as a sole sodium source. The prepared NaTMP was used as a Brønsted base, that exhibited some differences in reactivities from LiTMP.magnified image
A Distinctive Spinach‐Based Carbon Nanomaterial with Chlorophyll‐Rich and Near‐Infrared Emission for Simultaneous In Vivo Biothiol Imaging and Dual‐Enhanced Photodynamic Therapy of Tumor
Authors: Liu Rongjun , Zhang Liangliang , Zhao Jingjin , Hou Cheng , Huang Yong , Huang Zirong , Zhao Shulin 
Published: April 2019

AbstractPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) is a new treatment modality against local lesions, particularly in malignant tumors. However, higher biothiol concentrations in tumor cells will decrease the efficacy of PDT. To tackle the above challenges, a distinctive spinach‐based carbon nanomaterial called “chlorophyll‐rich biomass quantum dots” (CBQDs) with near‐infrared emission is prepared, and the CBQDs are further bound with copper ions forming CBQD‐Cu nanocomposites, which are used as a new fluorescence nanoprobe and highly efficient photosensitizer for simultaneous in vivo near‐infrared fluorescence imaging of biothiol and dual‐enhanced PDT of tumors. The mechanism of action is studied and it is shown that the binding of chlorophyll and copper ions on the surface of CBQDs reduces the energy level difference of the chlorophyll molecules, which results in an increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS) achieving enhanced PDT. On the other hand, the copper ions on the CBQD‐Cu surface can also bind with biothiol which decreases the concentration of free biothiol in tumor cells, and further enhances PDT. At the same time, the combination of copper ions and biothiol opens the fluorescence of CBQDs, which realizes near‐infrared fluorescence imaging of biothiol. Hence, the CBQD‐Cu is used as a highly effective nanomedicine for the recognition and treatment of tumors.
Kirigami Patterning of MXene/Bacterial Cellulose Composite Paper for All‐Solid‐State Stretchable Micro‐Supercapacitor Arrays
Authors: Jiao Shangqing , Zhou Aiguo , Wu Mingzai , Hu Haibo 
Published: April 2019

AbstractStretchable micropower sources with high energy density and stability under repeated tensile deformation are key components of flexible/wearable microelectronics. Herein, through the combination of strain engineering and modulation of the interlayer spacing, freestanding and lightweight MXene/bacterial cellulose (BC) composite papers with excellent mechanical stability and a high electrochemical performance are first designed and prepared via a facile all‐solution‐based paper‐making process. Following a simple laser‐cutting kirigami patterning process, bendable, twistable, and stretchable all‐solid‐state micro‐supercapacitor arrays (MSCAs) are further fabricated. As expected, benefiting from the high‐performance MXene/BC composite electrodes and rational sectional structural design, the resulting kirigami MSCAs exhibit a high areal capacitance of 111.5 mF cm−2, and are stable upon stretching of up to 100% elongation, and in bent or twisted states. The demonstrated combination of an all‐solution‐based MXene/BC composite paper‐making method and an easily manipulated laser‐cutting kirigami patterning technique enables the fabrication of MXene‐based deformable all‐solid‐state planar MSCAs in a simple and efficient manner while achieving excellent areal performance metrics and high stretchability, making them promising micropower sources that are compatible with flexible/wearable microelectronics.
Boosting the Stable Na Storage Performance in 1D Oxysulfide
Authors: Xu Jijian , He Jianqiao , Ding Wei , Hong Zhanglian , Huang Fuqiang 
Published: April 2019

AbstractExploring new structure prototypes and phases by material design, especially anode materials, is essential to develop high‐performance Na‐ion batteries. This study proposes a new anode, Na2Cu2.09O0.50S2, with a 1D crystal structure and outstanding Na storage performance. In view of the crystal structure of Na2Cu2.09O0.50S2, [Cu4S4] chains act as electrically conducting units enabling conductivity as high as 0.5 S cm−1. The residual Na4[CuO] chains act as ionically conducting units forming rich channels for the fast conduction of Na ions as well as maintaining the structural stability even after Na ion extraction. Additional ball milling on the as‐prepared Na2Cu2.09O0.50S2 significantly decreases its grain size, achieving a capacity of 588 mA h g−1 with a high initial Coulombic efficiency of 93% at 0.2 A g−1. Moreover, the Na2Cu2.09O0.50S2 anode demonstrates outstanding rate capability (408 mA h g−1 at 2 A g−1) and extending cyclic performance (82% of capacity retention after 400 cycles). The general structural design idea based on functional units may offer a new avenue to new electrode materials.
Identification of the initial particle size distribution for coal combustion simulations
Authors: Shen Haoshu , Wu Yuxin , Zhou Minmin , Smith Sean T. , Zhang Hai , Yue Guangxi 
Published: April 2019

AbstractPulverized coal generally features wide particle‐size distributions (PSD). How to set an initial PSD in coal combustion simulation remains an open question. To answer this, the Gaussian‐quadrature theory was applied to provide a discrete reconstruction of the PSD described by Rosin‐Rammler and Upper‐Limit functions. From the perspective of the moments of PSD, a theoretical analysis was conducted for mass, momentum, and energy exchange terms between gas and particle phases in pulverized coal jet flame. The analysis presented that the first, the second and the third moments of PSD were the most important to capture the flame ignition behavior. The large eddy simulations showed that the proposed method with two or more particle sizes could provide good predictions of flame ignition distances. And Sauter mean diameter (D32) could represent the complete PSD when predicting the ignition behavior of pulverized coal jet flame.
Magnesium‐Catalyzed Hydroboration of Terminal and Internal Alkynes
Authors: Magre Marc , Maity Bholanath , Falconnet Alban , Cavallo Luigi , Rueping Magnus 
Published: April 2019

AbstractA magnesium‐catalyzed hydroboration of alkynes providing good yields and selectivities for a wide range of terminal and symmetrical and unsymmetrical internal alkynes has been developed. The compatibility with many functional groups makes this magnesium catalyzed procedure attractive for late stage functionalization. Experimental mechanistic investigations and DFT calculations reveal insights into the reaction mechanism of the magnesium catalyzed protocol.
Piece by Piece—Electrochemical Synthesis of Individual Nanoparticles and their Performance in ORR Electrocatalysis
Authors: Evers Mathies V. , Bernal Miguel , Roldan Cuenya Beatriz , Tschulik Kristina 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe impact of individual HAuCl4 nanoreactors is measured electrochemically, which provides operando insights and precise control over the modification of electrodes with functional nanoparticles of well‐defined size. Uniformly sized micelles are loaded with a dissolved metal salt. These solution‐phase precursor entities are then reduced electrochemically—one by one—to form nanoparticles (NPs). The charge transferred during the reduction of each micelle is measured individually and allows operando sizing of each of the formed nanoparticles. Thus, particles of known number and sizes can be deposited homogenously even on nonplanar electrodes. This is demonstrated for the decoration of cylindrical carbon fibre electrodes with 25±7 nm sized Au particles from HAuCl4‐filled micelles. These Au NP‐decorated electrodes show great catalyst performance for ORR (oxygen reduction reaction) already at low catalyst loadings. Hence, collisions of individual precursor‐filled nanocontainers are presented as a new route to nanoparticle‐modified electrodes with high catalyst utilization.
Unprecedented Five‐Coordinate Iron(IV) Imides Generate Divergent Spin States Based on the Imide R‐Groups
Authors: Anneser Markus R. , Elpitiya Gaya R. , Townsend Jacob , Johnson Elizabeth J. , Powers Xian B. , DeJesus Joseph F. , Vogiatzis Konstantinos D. , Jenkins David M. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThree five‐coordinate iron(IV) imide complexes have been synthesized and characterized. These novel structures have disparate spin states on the iron as a function of the R‐group attached to the imide, with alkyl groups leading to low‐spin diamagnetic (S=0) complexes and an aryl group leading to an intermediate‐spin (S=1) complex. The different spin states lead to significant differences in the bonding about the iron center as well as the spectroscopic properties of these complexes. Mössbauer spectroscopy confirmed that all three imide complexes are in the iron(IV) oxidation state. The combination of diamagnetism and 15N labeling allowed for the first 15N NMR resonance recorded on an iron imide. Multi‐reference calculations corroborate the experimental structural findings and suggest how the bonding is distinctly different on the imide ligand between the two spin states.
Antibacterial and thermomechanical properties of composites of polylactic acid modified with capsicum oleoresin‐impregnated nanoporous silica
Authors: Techawinyutham Laongdaw , Siengchin Suchart , Parameswaranpillai Jyotishkumar , Dangtungee Rapeephun 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACTBiodegradable composite films of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) modified with varying amounts of capsicum oleoresin (CO)‐impregnated nanoporous silica (SiCO) were prepared. The antimicrobial and thermomechanical properties of the PLA composites were carefully investigated. The Gram‐positive pathogenic bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus) and the Gram‐negative pathogenic bacteria (Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica) tests established excellent antimicrobial properties of the composites even at small concentrations of SiCO. The microscopic (scanning electron micrograph) and spectroscopic (energy‐dispersive X‐ray) investigations manifested the uniformity of particle distribution. Although the addition of CO slightly decreased the thermal stability of the composite films, it marginally enhanced the mechanical properties and crystallinity. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47825.
Flexible phase change filament with ionic liquid core
Authors: Lin Chao , Yan Yurong , Liu Zhengyu , Ke Hanhan , Qiu Zhiming , Hufenus Rudolf 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACTA flexible phase change filament with core‑sheath structure was successfully prepared by post‐filling of a polypropylene (PP) hollow fiber. The ionic liquid (IL) 1‐butyl‐4‐methylpyridinium hexafluorophosphate was chosen as core component, while copper decorated muscovite (Cu‐MVT) was synthesized via in situ reduction and used as the refining additive for the IL. Results from differential scanning calorimetry demonstrated that the encapsulation ratio of the flexible phase change filament reached 93% with a fusion latent heat of 52.7 J/g at 48.3 °C. Supercooling of the ionic liquid was suppressed effectively as shown by the crystallization in the cooling step due to the addition of Cu‐MVT. The flexible phase change material with core‑sheath structure also showed good thermal stability, durability, and mechanical property under the protection of the sheath polymer material. It is evident that the phase change filament possesses promising characteristics for thermal energy storage and thermoregulation. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47830.
A LADRC based fuzzy PID approach to contour error control of networked motion control system with time‐varying delays
Authors: Wang Yao‐Wei , Zhang Wen‐An , Dong Hui , Yu Li 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThis paper investigate the contour error control problem for networked multi‐axis motion system (NMAMS) with time‐varying delays. Firstly, the uncertainties induced by the delays are modeled as a part of the total disturbance, and a linear active disturbance rejection controller (LADRC) is designed for the uniaxial trajectory tracking control. In the LADRC, a linear extended state observer (LESO) is designed to estimate the system state and the total disturbance simultaneously, and the effect of the total disturbance is eliminated by the designed linear feedback error control law. Then, the classical contour error estimation method is adopted, and a fuzzy PID controller is designed to compensate the contour error to achieve a better contour tracking performance. Finally, experiments are provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Profiting from correlations: Adjusted estimators for categorical data
Authors: Niebuhr Tobias , Trabs Mathias 
Published: April 2019

AbstractTo take sample biases and skewness in the observations into account, practitioners frequently weight their observations according to some marginal distribution. The present paper demonstrates that such weighting can indeed improve the estimation. Studying contingency tables, estimators for marginal distributions are proposed under the assumption that another marginal is known. It is shown that the weighted estimators have a strictly smaller asymptotic variance whenever the two marginals are correlated. The finite sample performance is illustrated in a simulation study. As an application to traffic accident data the method allows for correcting a well‐known bias in the observed injury severity distribution.
Early processing (N170) of infant faces in mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder and its association with maternal sensitivity
Authors: Márquez Carla , Nicolini Humberto , Crowley Michael J. , Solís‐Vivanco Rodolfo 
Published: April 2019

Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) exhibit impaired adult facial processing, as shown by the N170 event‐related potential. However, few studies explore such processing in mothers of children with ASD, and none has assessed the early processing of infant faces in these women. Moreover, whether processing of infant facial expressions in mothers of children with ASD is related to their response to their child's needs (maternal sensitivity [MS]) remains unknown. This study explored the N170 related to infant faces in a group of mothers of children with ASD (MA) and a reference group of mothers of children without ASD. For both emotional (crying, smiling) and neutral expressions, the MA group exhibited larger amplitudes of N170 in the right hemisphere, while the reference group showed similar interhemispheric amplitudes. This lateralization effect within the MA group was not present for nonfaces and was stronger in the mothers with higher MS. We propose that mothers of ASD children use specialized perceptual resources to process infant faces, and this specialization is mediated by MS. Our findings suggest that having an ASD child modulates mothers' early neurophysiological responsiveness to infant cues. Whether this modulation represents a biological marker or a response given by experience remains to be explored. Autism Research 2019, 12: 744–758. © 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Lay SummaryWhen mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) see baby faces expressing emotions, they show a right‐sided electrical response in the brain. This lateralization was stronger in mothers who were more sensitive to their children's needs. We conclude that having a child with ASD and being more attuned to their behavior generates a specialized pattern of brain activity when processing infant faces. Whether this pattern is biological or given by experience remains to be explored.
A kinetic model considering the heterogeneous nature of the enzyme hydrolysis of lignocellulosic materials
Authors: Caro Ildefonso , Blandino Ana , Díaz Ana B. , Marzo Cristina 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIn this work, a mathematical model is proposed to predict the kinetic behaviour of the enzymatic conversion of various types of lignocellulosic biomass into fermentable sugars. Digestion of the cellulosic polymers is carried out using enzymatic hydrolysis under different conditions. Unlike other kinetic models, published previously for this process, this one considers the heterogeneous nature of the process by which a solid, in the form of small particles, is decomposed to monosaccharides by the action of a diverse set of enzymes in solution. The effect of the particle size on the hydrolysis rate has also been taken into consideration.To assess the model's goodness of fit to any general situation, the experimental data obtained in the hydrolysis of three different lignocellulosic residues have been analysed. Thus, the hydrolysis data of wheat straw, rice husks and exhausted sugar beet pellets have been compared with the theoretical values calculated by the model. The results obtained show that this model predicts the enzyme's hydrolysis of lignocellulosic substrates under different conditions very accurately and it could therefore be used efficiently in the optimization of the hydrolysis processes implemented in the bio‐refinery industry. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Exhaust emissions and conversion efficiency of catalytic converter for an ethanol‐fueled spark ignition engine
Authors: Kim Jaesoo , Myung Cha‐Lee , Lee Kyung‐Hwan 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe effects of the air‐fuel (A/F) ratio and spark timing on exhaust emissions and thermal efficiency were analyzed under part load conditions using an ethanol‐fueled spark ignition (SI) engine. The conversion efficiency of exhaust emissions after the application of a three‐way catalyst (TWC) to a gasoline engine was also evaluated. The cycle‐resolved measurement of hydrocarbon (HC) and NOx emissions was attempted, to investigate phenomena in the exhaust port with a fast‐response exhaust gas analyzer, and this was compared under different operating conditions. The different HC emission trends for the relative A/F ratios, as measured by a conventional exhaust gas analyzer and by the fast response analyzer, are thought to be due to differences in measuring location and the oxidation reaction of HC in the exhaust system. To optimize the ethanol A/F ratio to improve the conversion efficiency of TWC, it is thought that a slightly richer or leaner A/F ratio than stoichiometry would be better depending on the operating conditions and the levels of HC, CO, and NOx emissions, because the conversion efficiency of HC and CO is better with a leaner A/F ratio and the conversion efficiency of NOx is increased with a richer A/F ratio. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd