bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of the activity of new derivatives of 1,3-diazinone-4 and their acyclic precursors with respect to bacteria of the genus Proteus
Authors: Luzhnova Svetlana A. , Voronkov Andrey V. , Gabitova Narmina M. , Billel Souda 
Published: March 2018

Introduction: The present paper provides a study of the activity of the new 1,3-diazinon-4 derivatives and their acyclic precursors under the laboratory cipher PYaTd1, PYaTs2, PYaTs3 and PYaTs4 against microorganisms of the genus Proteus, which is of high importance at the moment as the growing resistance of the Proteus to previously highly active antibiotics dictates the need to search for effective antimicrobial agents that meet modern safety requirements.
Materials and Methods: The study of the activity of the compounds was carried out on collection and freshly isolated strains from patients with different pathologies. The strains were identified using the BIOMIC V3 apparatus (Giles Scientific, USA) to verify genus and species identity. The strains used in the study were previously examined for sus­ceptibility to antibacterial drugs by the Disc Method to assess the presence or absence of resistance. The activity of the new compounds was studied by the serial dilution method.
Results: The results of the study showed that the compounds PYaTd1, PYaTs2, PYaTs3 and PYaTs4 show a different activity against bacteria of the genus Proteus. The substance PYaTs2 is ineffective. With respect to strains P. mirabilis and P. rettgeri, the minimum inhibitory concentration of the compounds PYaTs3, PYaTs4 and PYaTd1 ranges from 4 μg/ml to 16 μg/ml.
Conclusion: Thus, by the average aggregate indices, regardless of the species and strain of bacteria, the most effective compound is PYaTd1, the MIC50 of which is within 10 μg/ml, which proves it to be promising and makes further de­velopment worthwhile.
L’épave miraculeuse d’Arles
Authors: Denise Fabrice , Marlier Sabrina 
Published: March 2018

L’épave d’un chaland antique découverte sous le Rhône se transforme en fée qui change les destins de ceux qui se penchent sur son berceau : les connaissances des scientifiques évoluent, les conservateurs recueillent des données précieuses sur le monde antique et le musée d’Arles change d’échelle.
L’émergence du patient-acteur dans la sécurité des soins en France : une revue narrative de la littérature entre sciences sociales et santé publique
Authors: Mougeot Frédéric , Robelet Magali , Rambaud Claude , Occelli Pauline , Buchet-Poyau Karine , Touzet Sandrine , Michel Philippe 
Published: March 2018

Introduction : Depuis une quarantaine d’années, les patients sont incités à prendre leur part dans la prise en charge de leur maladie et sont appelés à participer à l’amélioration de la qualité et de la sécurité des soins. Ce phénomène invite à penser les conditions d’émergence de ce nouveau rôle de patient ainsi qu’à penser ses implications en matière de santé publique. Méthodes : Une revue narrative de la littérature a été réalisée. Les bases de données Medline, Cairn et Persée ont été interrogées. Résultats : L’interrogation des bases de données a référencé 2 206 documents dont 106 ont été retenus. L’émergence du patient-acteur est un phénomène lié aux crises sanitaires sous l’impulsion de collectifs associatifs tels que le Lien en matière de sécurité des patients. Ce mouvement induit une transformation du rôle du patient qui va au-delà de la sécurité des soins puisqu’il révolutionne sa contribution au système de santé et à la santé en général. Conclusion : Cette revue narrative de la littérature permet de mettre en évidence la manière dont les crises sanitaires ont permis l’émergence d’une nouvelle figure : celle du patient-acteur. Cette figure s’accompagne d’une sémantique nouvelle sur le pouvoir des malades. Dans le domaine de la sécurité des soins, le patient occupe une place spécifique. En complémentarité des personnels de santé, il doit être une ressource pour l’amélioration de la sécurité des patients. Les différentes contributions des patients sont détaillées et un questionnement sur l’acceptabilité de la participation des patients est proposé.
Peut-on défendre l’industrie pharmaceutique ?
Authors: von der Weid Guillaume 
Published: March 2018

L’industrie pharmaceutique est victime d’une image détestable dans l’opinion publique. Alors même qu’elle a pour but de soigner, elle est plus déconsidérée encore que les cigarettiers ou l’industrie automobile. Il est nécessaire d’analyser cette situation par trois prismes imbriqués : 1) la complexité d’un marché dont la plupart des coûts sont cachés ; 2) la difficulté d’une société hyperconnectée à organiser des débats sur des questions politiques qui touchent aux valeurs ; 3) et enfin la disjonction qui structure nos mentalités, entre la morale et le profit. C’est à cette condition qu’une industrie aussi critique humainement que porteuse économiquement pourra redevenir un acteur à part entière du monde de la santé, qui puisse participer à l’amélioration de l’offre de santé pour les populations.
Human immunodeficiency virus infection predictors and genetic diversity of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus co-infections among drug users in three major Kenyan cities
Authors: Oyaro Micah , Wylie John , Chen Chien-Yu , Ondondo Raphael O. , Kramvis Anna 
Published: March 2018

Background: Drug users act as reservoirs and transmission channels for hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections to the general population worldwide. Periodic epidemiological studies to monitor the prevalence and genetic diversity of these infections to inform on interventions are limited. Objective of the study: The objective of this study was to determine the predictors of HIV infection and genetic diversity of HBV and HCV among drug users in Kenya. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study on previous drug use history among drug users was conducted in three Kenyan cities using a respondent-driven sampling method between January 2011 and September 2012. Blood samples were collected and analysed for the presence of HBV, HCV and HIV serological markers and to determine the genotypes of HBV and HCV. Results: The overall prevalence of HBV, HCV and HIV among drug users was 4.3%, 6.5% and 11.1%, respectively, with evidence of HBV/HIV, HCV/HIV and HBV/HCV/HIV co-infections. The HBV circulating genotypes were A1 (69%) and D6 (19%), whereas HCV genotypes were 1a (72%) and 4a (22%). Injection drug use was a significant predictor of HIV/HCV infections. Younger age (30 years; aOR (adjusted odds ratio) = 0.50, 95% CI (confidence interval): 0.33–0.76; p < 0.001) and early sexual debut (aOR = 0.54, 95% CI: 0.40–0.82; p < 0.05) were negatively associated with detection of any of the three infections. Injecting drug use was positively associated with HCV infection (aOR = 5.37, 95% CI: 2.61–11.06; p < 0.001). Conclusion: This high level of genetic diversity exhibited by HBV and HCV isolates requires urgent implementation of harm reduction strategies and continuous monitoring for effective management of the patients.
A Review of Photodiagnostic Investigations over 26 Years: Experience of the National Scottish Photobiology Service (1989–2015)
Authors: Naasan H , Dawe RS , Moseley H , Ibbotson SH 
Published: March 2018

Background The Scottish Photobiology Service is the national referral pathway for patients with cutaneous photosensitivity diseases in Scotland. We reviewed the pattern of diagnosis of photosensitivity diseases and investigations performed between 1989 and 2015. Methods and Results Data were collected from the Photodiagnostic Database, annual reports and paper records. The total number of patients assessed each year was stable over the period studied (median 242 [range 231–266]), with most being new patients (median 69 [range 62–73]%). Monochromator phototesting was the most utilised investigation, although the use of provocation testing and photopatch testing has increased. The most common diagnosis was polymorphic light eruption, and there was a trend to increasing diagnosis of photoaggravated atopic eczema. Conclusions The pattern of diagnosis of photosensitivity diseases remains fairly stable in Scotland and we wish to emphasise the importance of this Scottish specialist service for patients with photosensitivity diseases and referrers.
Q method to map the diversity of stakeholder viewpoints along agricultural innovation systems: a case study on cattle genetic improvement in Niger
Authors: Siddo Seyni , Moula Nassim , Hamadou Issa , Issa Moumouni , Issa Salissou , Hamani Marichatou , Leroy Pascal , Antoine-Moussiaux Nicolas 
Published: March 2018

Abstract. The complex balance
between innovation and conservation regarding animal genetic resources makes
it difficult to find mutually accepted improvement pathways between breeders,
government agencies, and research and education institutions. This study maps
stakeholder viewpoints on cattle genetic improvement in Niger using the
Q method. Fifty-three statements derived from expert opinions and focus group
interviews were ranked by 22 respondents along a seven-grade scale expressing
their degree of approval. The Q method reveals a limited consensus on
development goals, overall strategy, and the present context of operation.
Beyond this consensus, three discourses are identified that express distinct
attitudes regarding the balance between conservation and progress, leading to
distinct strategies. The first discourse fits with a modernist vision and
government strategies established in the 2000s based on exotic crossbreeding
and improved purebred Azawak. The second discourse lines up with the previous
livestock development strategy of Niger (before 2000) based on indigenous
breeds. The third discourse represents a conservationist vision, with minor
importance in the present sampling. Tentative observations are proposed on
the consequences of this divide in opinions on livestock policies in Niger,
including extension. The Q method appears effective in identifying the
concerns of stakeholders on complex agricultural innovation topics. As
a sensing tool to follow-up policy implementation in similarly complex
agricultural topics, the Q method may inform adaptive extension and education
strategies.
A Shared Multi-Disciplinary Creativity Requirement for First Year Students
Authors: Plotkins Marilyn 
Published: March 2018

Even though interest in embedding creativity into tertiary curricula has grown internationally, little scholarship exists about implementation strategies or the efficacy of linking creativity pedagogies to first-year experience programs. This practice report describes how Suffolk University in Boston, Massachusetts, inserted a new creativity requirement for first-year students as a part of curriculum reform in the College of Arts and Sciences and in the Sawyer Business School in spite of considerable resistance. It will demonstrate the uniqueness of the approach and suggest anticipated outcomes in advance of a comprehensive assessment process now underway.
“Where the Scriptures Speak, We Speak”: The Pennsylvania Frontier and the Origins of the Disciples of Christ
Authors: Brenneman Todd M. 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT
The Disciples of Christ was a religious movement born in western Pennsylvania in the early nineteenth century. Drawing on European philosophies and the republican ideology of the early United States, Thomas and Alexander Campbell called for an end to denominational squabbling and a unification of Christians based on a straightforward reading of the Bible. Their desire for unity did not mean that they were above using controversy to bring attention to their cause. In several series of articles in The Reporter, a newspaper printed in Washington, Pennsylvania, Alexander chided local residents for their social behavior, their lack of reform, and the proliferation of moral societies. A focus on the Pennsylvanian origins of the Disciples demonstrates not only how important that region was to the rise of the movement and its ideology, but also how the Pennsylvanian borderlands were not isolated from the larger Atlantic world.
Characteristic and Genesis of Black and Red Soil Vertisol in Jeneponto Regency
Authors: Juita Nirmala , Iskandar . , Sudarsono . 
Published: March 2018

One of factors that is interasting from Vertisol to be investigated beside the management of the soil fertility was color variations which can vary from gray to brown and brownish red. Exclusive characteristics of Vertisol are shrink swell capacity with clay dominant clay that make agricultural activities in the Jeneponto area less productive. The purpose of this study was to assess the differences of physical and chemical characteristics of black and red Vertisol in Jeneponto R.egency. The research location was based on the difference and overlaying of soil color. Black soils were taken from the village Bontomarannu and Tonrokassi Timur while red soil and overlaying colors of red and black soil were taken from the village Sarroanging. Results showed that one of the chemical characteristic which was very differences between black and red soils were calcium carbonate and base saturation. Generally CaCO3 on black soil was higher (ranged of 13.20-36.73%) than red soil (ranged of 2.21-13.86%). As for overlaying colors of red and black soil were ranged of 2.62-3.88%. The highest base saturation was found in the black soil that was> 100%, red soil between 40-89% and overlaying colors red and black soil between 80-83%. While Fe, Mn and Al concentrations were highest with citrate dithionite bicarbonate extracts followed by oxalate and pyrophosphate extracts. Clay montmorillonite minerals were present in all profiles observed.
Disseminated histoplasmosis diagnosed on routine outpatient endoscopy in a renal transplant patient
Authors: Luu Sylvester , Benson Brian C. , Schwake Jonathan W. 
Published: March 2018

A 58-year-old female with prior renal transplant on immunosuppression underwent upper endoscopy and colonoscopy to evaluate iron deficiency anemia. Her upper endoscopy appeared normal and her colonoscopy showed mild colitis in her transverse colon. Biopsies of her duodenum, taken to evaluate for celiac disease, as well as biopsies of the colitis showed intracellular yeast within histiocytes in the lamina propria consistent with disseminated histoplasmosis. This case describes a renal transplant patient with disseminated gastrointestinal histoplasmosis (GIH), which is rarely diagnosed on routine outpatient endoscopy.
Low-Dose Naltrexone Use in Biopsy-Proven Lichen Planus of the Nails
Authors: Bray Eric R. , Morrison Brian W. 
Published: October 2024

ImportanceNail lichen planus has the potential to cause permanent destruction of the nail unit and remains challenging to treat. Studies suggest that low-dose naltrexone is a safe and potentially effective treatment for other dermatologic conditions, including lichen planopilaris.ObjectiveTo assess the effectiveness of low-dose naltrexone in treating nail lichen planus.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis case series evaluates 7 adult patients with biopsy-proven nail lichen planus who were treated with low-dose naltrexone (3 mg per day) at the University of Miami dermatologic clinics from November 2022 to December 2023. The data were analyzed in March 2024. Patients were treated for at least 2 months and had in-person follow-up evaluation while receiving treatment.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe main outcome was posttreatment clinical nail lichen planus severity index, which was scored as clear, mild, moderate, or severe. Patients were evaluated for oral and cutaneous disease during the course of treatment. Tolerance and adverse events were noted.ResultsA total of 7 patients (mean [range] age, 60 [38-77] years; 3 female individuals) were included. All but 1 patient had been previously treated and did not respond to at least 1 prior treatment (median [range], 2.5 [0-4.0] treatments). Treatment duration ranged from 2 to 11 months. Clinical response was observed in 4 of 7 patients, with an overall 35% reduction in nail lichen planus severity index. Two patients with severe disease achieved a reduction to mild severity. None of the patients had to discontinue low-dose naltrexone due to adverse events, and no adverse events were reported.Conclusions and RelevanceThe results of this study suggest that low-dose naltrexone may be a therapeutic approach for treating nail lichen planus. Further controlled studies are warranted to better understand its clinical efficacy and safety profile in treating nail lichen planus.
Communication behavior and space utilization of office workers in a research facility's activity‐based workplace
Authors: Tokumura Tomoko , Takahashi Hiroki , Wada Kazuki , Takahashi Mikio , Tanabe Shin‐ichi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis study explores the pre‐ and post‐renovation differences in communication behaviors of office workers at a construction company's research facility that had carried out renovations to promote open innovation through internal and external interactions. We conducted an analysis by combining both objective survey of conversation time, conversation partners, and stay location information using sensing terminals and subjective evaluations by office workers using a questionnaire survey. As the work style transitioned from fixed seats pre‐renovation to activity‐based working post‐renovation, the attendance rate analysis around each worker's personal workspace throughout the measurement period decreased from 74% to 60%, and the tendency to use various places in the office increased. Additionally, the number of conversation partners increased by 1.9 times on average and inter‐department conversation rate increased from 46% to 53% when activity‐based working was performed post‐renovation. However, while the introduction of activity‐based working significantly increased the level of communication satisfaction among workers in other departments, it tended to decrease the level of communication satisfaction within a department. This study maintains that organizational and operational efforts must sustain and promote intra‐departmental communication when activity‐based working is introduced and confirms that the introduction of activity‐based working was effective in promoting interaction between office workers.
Altered exosomal miRNA profiles in patients with paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration
Authors: Tveit Solheim Eirik , Vestrheim Thomsen Liv Cecilie , Bjørge Line , Anandan Shamundeeswari , Peter Elise , Desestret Virginie , Totland Cecilie , Vedeler Christian A. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectivePatients with ovarian cancer (OC) may develop anti‐Yo‐associated paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration (PCD)—a cerebellar ataxia associated with tumor‐induced autoimmunity against CDR2 and CDR2L proteins. Dysregulation of circulating exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) occur in OC. Here, we investigated whether PCD is associated with changes in the exosomal miRNA profiles of OC patients.MethodsSerum exosomes were isolated from patients with OC (n = 15), patients with OC and anti‐Yo‐associated PCD (n = 14) and healthy controls (HC, n = 15). Small RNA sequencing was used to identify differentially expressed miRNAs. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to evaluate biomarker sensitivity and specificity, and miRNA target prediction analysis was employed to elucidate gene targets.ResultsOC patients with PCD exhibited a distinct exosomal miRNA expression profile. We detected 103 differentially expressed exosomal miRNAs in PCD patients compared to OC patients without PCD and 139 differentially expressed exosomal miRNAs compared to controls. Particularly miR‐486‐5p, miR‐4732‐5p, miR‐98‐5p and miR‐21‐5p exhibited notable sensitivity and specificity for discriminating PCD patients from both OC patients without PCD and healthy controls. miRNA target prediction showed that several of the differentially expressed miRNAs in PCD patients targeted the CDR2 and CDR2L genes.InterpretationOur results demonstrate that OC patients with anti‐Yo‐associated PCD exhibit a distinct exosomal miRNA profile compared to OC patients without PCD. Several of the differentially expressed exosomal miRNAs in PCD patients showed diagnostic potential and may hold relevance for understanding the pathogenesis of PCD.
FGF‐Mimicking Triphen[3]arene Peptide Self‐Assembly to Accelerate Muscle Regeneration and Repair
Authors: Ding Jiaming , Wang Zhongyan , Lu Jiayi , Feng Yinyin , Wang Jiayu , Zhu Qingrun , Wu Jiabin , Shang Yuna , Kuang Mingjie , Li Chunju 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBioactive peptides play crucial roles in the biomedicine fields including cancer therapy and regenerative medicine due to their favorable biocompatibility, low immunogenicity, and excellent biological activity. However, their low stability greatly limits their clinical application. Herein, a novel bioactive peptide delivery strategy is reported that utilizes triphen[3]arene polyvalent‐conjugated bioactive peptides to induce self‐assembly and form nanofibers to enhance the in vivo stability and bioactivity of bioactive peptides. Specifically, a water‐soluble triphen[3]arene (WTP3(YRSRK)6, Comp. 2) containing six FGF‐mimicking peptides, primarily comprising two components: triphen[3]arene serves as a skeleton molecule and an assembly motif with multiple customizable sites, while YRSRK is a pentapeptide with fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF‐2) biological activity. Despite the presence of the inhibitor dexamethasone (Dex), Comp. 2 continued to enhance cell proliferation by 15% and rescued 17% of cells from apoptosis. The administration of Comp. 2 resulted in improved restoration of skeletal muscle atrophy and functional damage in mice. The mean grip strength increased by 42%, and the calf muscle volume increased by 17%. This innovative approach of utilizing macrocycle polyvalent conjugated bioactive peptides offers a universal method for enabling bioactive peptides to produce sustained and efficient biological effects, potentially advancing the development of promising peptide‐based nanomedicines.
Localized Flexoelectric Effect Around Ba(CuNb) Nano‐Clusters in Epitaxial BiFeO3 Films for Enhancement of Electric and Multiferroic Properties
Authors: Song Hyunseok , Hwang Soo‐Yoon , Sung Kil‐Dong , Cheng Xiaoxing , Jung Jong Hoon , Park Jung‐Min , Kumar Ashok , Kim Kee Hoon , Chung Sung‐Yoon , Kim Seung‐Wook , Chen Long‐Qing , Eom Chang‐Beom , Jeong Dae‐Yong , Choi Si‐Young , Ryu Jungho 
Published: October 2024

AbstractRoom‐temperature (RT) multiferroic materials have received significant research attention for various potential applications; however, their properties are not suitable for real‐world implementation. In this study, a nano‐scale localized flexoelectric effect is introduced to enhance the RT multiferroic performance of epitaxial bismuth iron oxide (BiFeO3; BFO) thin films by embedding 10 mol% Ba(Cu1/3Nb2/3)O3 (BCN) nano‐clusters into the host BFO film, which originally has a rhombohedral crystal structure. By utilizing nano‐clustering, a large out‐of‐plane coherent strain is localized around the nano‐clusters, resulting in a highly strained tetragonality of the BFO structure; subsequently, the films exhibit peculiar types of domains and domain walls, such as nano‐scale rotational vortices and antiparallel dipole configurations. These peculiar domain structures, which originate from the localized flexoelectric effect at the nano‐scale, enable excellent ferroelectric, ferromagnetic, and RT multiferroic magnetoelectric coupling. This study reveals that the local variation in the localized flexoelectric field around nano‐clusters considerably impacts the formation of unusual domain‐wall structures. This suggests that the controlled introduction of nano‐clusters with different crystal structures is promising for achieving the desired multiferroic properties.