bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recent advances in enhancing the sensitivity of electrophoresis and electrochromatography in capillaries and microchips (2016–2018)
Authors: Breadmore Michael C , Grochocki Wojciech , Kalsoom Umme , Alves Mónica N. , Phung Sui Ching , Rokh Masoomeh Tehrani , Cabot Joan M. , Ghiasvand Alireza , Li Feng , Shallan Aliaa I. , Keyon Aemi S. Abdul , Alhusban Ala A. , See Hong Heng , Wuethrich Alain , Dawod Mohamed , Quirino Joselito P 
Published: October 2018

AbstractOne of the most cited limitations of capillary and microchip electrophoresis is the poor sensitivity. This review continues to update this series of biannual reviews, first published in Electrophoresis in 2007, on developments in the field of online/in‐line concentration methods in capillaries and microchips, covering the period July 2016–June 2018. It includes developments in the field of stacking, covering all methods from field‐amplified sample stacking and large‐volume sample stacking, through to isotachophoresis, dynamic pH junction, and sweeping. Attention is also given to online or in‐line extraction methods that have been used for electrophoresis.
Effect of dietary inclusions of bitter kola seed on geotactic behavior and oxidative stress markers in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Oboh Ganiyu , Ogunsuyi Opeyemi B. , Ojelade Mopelola T. , Akomolafe Seun F. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThis study evaluated the effect of dietary inclusions of Garcinia kola (GK) seed on geotactic behavior and some oxidative stress markers in wildߚtype fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster). Flies were raised on diet supplement with GK seed for 5 days. The negative geotactic behavior of flies which was used to evaluate their locomotor performance was thereafter evaluated. The flies were subsequently homogenized and the reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), catalase and glutathioneߚSߚtransferase (GST) activities, as well as nitric oxide (NO) and total thiol contents were assayed. The phytochemical constituents of GK seed were also determined. It was observed that higher dietary inclusions of GK seed reduced the survival rate of D. melanogaster more significantly compared to control flies. Also, higher dietary inclusions of GK seed significantly reduced locomotor performance and AChE activity, while the ROS level was increased compared to the control. Activities of GST and catalase were significantly increased in flies fed diet supplemented with higher GK seed inclusions but their NO content was significantly reduced compared to control. Phytochemical analysis of GK seed revealed abundance of saponin > glycosides > alkaloids > phenols > flavonoids. These results have shown that dietary inclusion of GK seed at higher concentrations reduced survival rate of D. melanogaster and impaired cholinergic system, with elevated activities of some antioxidant enzymes under acute exposure. These observations could be associated with bioactivities of predominant phytochemicals in GK seed such as saponin and glycosides which have been reportedly toxic at high concentration. Therefore, this study suggests that high consumption of GK seed could induce some toxicological effects and moderate consumption is hence recommended.
The status of nutritional knowledge, attitude and practices associated with complementary feeding in a post‐conflict development phase setting: The case of Acholi sub‐region of Uganda
Authors: Nassanga Prossy , Okello‐Uma Ipolto , Ongeng Duncan 
Published: October 2018

AbstractInappropriate complementary feeding is an important challenge to proper child nutrition in post‐conflict rural areas in many sub‐Saharan African countries. While in protected areas during conflict situation and soon after during recovery, communities normally receive nutrition education as part of capacity building to improve knowledge, attitude, and practices to enable them manage maternal and child nutrition issues during the post‐conflict development phase. It is largely unknown whether capacity in nutrition provided is maintained and adequately applied in the post‐conflict development situation. Using Acholi sub‐region of Uganda, an area that experienced violent armed conflict for 20 years (mid‐80s–early 2000), as a case study, we examined the status of nutritional knowledge, attitude, and practices associated with complementary feeding among caregivers of 6‐ to 23‐month‐old children in a post‐conflict development phase following return to normalcy nearly 10 years post‐conflict emergency situation. The results showed that a high proportion of caregivers had good knowledge (88%) and attitude (90.1%) toward complementary feeding. However, only a half (50%) of them practiced correct nutrition behavior. Education status of the household head and sex of the child significantly predicted caregiver knowledge on complementary feeding (p ≤ 0.05). Education status of the household head also predicted caregiver attitude toward complementary feeding (p ≤ 0.05). Poverty, food insecurity, and maternal ill health were the major factors that hindered caregivers from practicing good complementary feeding behavior. These results demonstrate that nutrition education on complementary feeding provided to the community during conflict emergency and recovery situation is largely retained in terms of knowledge and attitude but poorly translated into good child feeding practices due to poverty, food insecurity, and maternal ill health. Maternal health, food security, and poverty reduction should be prioritized if adequate complementary feeding is to be achieved among conflict‐affected communities in the post‐conflict development phase.
Orostachys japonicus induce p53‐dependent cell cycle arrest through the MAPK signaling pathway in OVCAR‐3 human ovarian cancer cells
Authors: Lee Kyung‐Sun , Kim Suhng‐Wook , Lee Hyeong‐Seon 
Published: October 2018

AbstractOrostachys japonicus (O. japonicus) is utilized as a traditional medicine for patients with various diseases. This study investigated the effect of the ethyl acetate fraction from O. japonicus extract (OJE) on the growth inhibition of OVCAR‐3 human ovarian cancer cells demonstrated to inhibit cell growth and arrest the cell cycle in OVCAR‐3 cells by blocking the sub‐G1 phase and decreasing cyclin E1/CDK2 expression. Cell cycle arrest was connected to the increased expression of the cell cycle regulating factors p53 and p21. Apoptosis was initiated through the intrinsic pathway by up‐regulating the expression of the Bcl‐2/Bax ratio and down‐regulating the expression of pro‐caspase‐3. Furthermore, OJE treatment elicited p‐p38 activation and p‐ERK1/2 inhibition. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that OJE reduced the growth of OVCAR‐3 human ovarian cancer cells mediated by arrest of the cell cycle and regulation of MAPK signaling pathways.
Resveratrol: A miraculous natural compound for diseases treatment
Authors: Koushki Mehdi , Amiri‐Dashatan Nasrin , Ahmadi Nayebali , Abbaszadeh Hojjat‐Allah , Rezaei‐Tavirani Mostafa 
Published: October 2018

AbstractResveratrol (3, 5, 4′‐trihydroxystilbene) is a nonflavonoid polyphenol that naturally occurs as phytoalexin. It is produced by plant sources such as grapes, apples, blueberries, plums, and peanut. This compound has critical roles in human health and is well known for its diverse biological activities such as antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory properties. Nowadays, due to rising incidence of different diseases such as cancer and diabetes, efforts to find novel and effective disease‐protective agents have led to the identification of plant‐derived compounds such as resveratrol. Furthermore, several in vitro and in vivo studies have revealed the effectiveness of resveratrol in various diseases such as diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, obesity, inflammatory, neurodegenerative, and age‐related diseases. This review presents an overview of currently available studies on preventive properties and essential molecular mechanisms involved in various diseases.
Clinical significance of serum DRAM1 mRNA, ARSA mRNA, hsa‐miR‐2053 and lncRNA‐RP1‐86D1.3 axis expression in malignant pleural mesothelioma
Authors: Matboli Marwa , Shafei Ayman E. , Ali Mahmoud A. , Gaber Ahmed I. , Galal Ahmed , Tarek Osama , Marei Mohamed , Khairy Eman , El‐Khazragy Nashwa , Anber Nahla , Abdel‐Rahman Omar 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAim and BackgroundMalignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a lethal cancer mainly caused by chronic exposure of asbestos. In this pilot study, we aimed to assess the expression of serum RNA‐based biomarker panel exploring their clinical utility as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for MPM.MethodsWe have selected an MPM‐specific RNA‐based biomarker panel through bioinformatics analysis based on the integration of DNA damage regulated autophagy modulator 1 (DRAM1) and arylsulfatase A (
ARSA) gene expression with their epigenetic regulators microRNA (
miR‐2053) and long noncoding RNA (
lncRNA‐RP1‐86D1.3). Then, quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) validation in sera of 60 MPM patients, 20 chronic asbestos exposure patients, and 20 healthy volunteers was done. Lastly, the prognostic power of the selected panel was assessed.ResultsThe expression of serum DRAM1 messenger RNA (mRNA),
ARSA mRNA,
hsa‐miR‐2053 and
lncRNA‐RP1‐86D1.3 were positive in 78.3%, 90%, 85%, and 83.3% of MPM patients, respectively. The RNA‐based biomarker panel was able to discriminate between MPM patients and controls with high accuracy and their combined sensitivity reached 100% for the diagnosis of MPM. Kaplan‐Meier analysis showed that
hsa‐miR‐2053 is an independent prognostic factor of MPM.ConclusionOur preliminary data revealed that the chosen RNAs play an important role in driving MPM development and progression.
The long noncoding RNA MALAT‐1 functions as a competing endogenous RNA to regulate MSL2 expression by sponging miR‐338‐3p in myasthenia gravis
Authors: Kong Xiaotong , Wang Jianjian , Cao Yuze , Zhang Huixue , Lu Xiaoyu , Wang Yu , Bo Chunrui , Wang Tianfeng , Li Shuang , Tian Kuo , Liu Zhaojun , Wang Lihua 
Published: October 2018

AbstractMyasthenia gravis (MG) is a cell‐dependent autoimmune disease commonly associated with thymic pathology. Metastasis‐associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT‐1) has been associated with gene regulation and alternative splicing. It has shown relationship with proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion. In this study, we found that MALAT‐1 expression was downregulated in MG. The level of the miR‐338‐3p was increased in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from MG patients compared with those from control subjects. MALAT‐1 competed for binding to miR‐338‐3p with male‐specific lethal 2 (MSL2) in luciferase reporter assays. We confirmed the MALAT‐1‐miR‐338‐3p‐MSL2 interaction network in MG in vitro. Thus, MALAT‐1 directly induced MSL2 expression in MG by acting as a competing endogenous RNA for miR‐338‐3p, suggesting that it may serve as a therapeutic target for MG treatment.
High‐density lipoprotein functionality and breast cancer: A potential therapeutic target
Authors: Samadi Sara , Ghayour‐Mobarhan Majid , Mohammadpour Amirhooshang , Farjami Zahra , Tabadkani Mahla , Hosseinnia Mohammad , Miri Mehri , Heydari‐Majd Motahareh , Mehramiz Mehrane , Rezayi Majid , Ferns Gordon A. , Avan Amir 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBreast cancer is a major cause of death globally, and particularly in developed countries. Breast cancer is influenced by cholesterol membrane content, by affecting the signaling pathways modulating cell growth, adherence, and migration. Furthermore, steroid hormones are derived from cholesterol and these play a key role in the pathogenesis of breast cancer. Although most findings have reported an inverse association between serum high‐density lipoprotein (HDL)‐cholesterol level and the risk of breast cancer, there have been some reports of the opposite, and the association therefore remains unclear. HDL is principally known for participating in reverse cholesterol transport and has an inverse relationship with the cardiovascular risk. HDL is heterogeneous, with particles varying in composition, size, and structure, which can be altered under different circumstances, such as inflammation, aging, and certain diseases. It has also been proposed that HDL functionality might have a bearing on the breast cancer. Owing to the potential role of cholesterol in cancer, its reduction using statins, and particularly as an adjuvant during chemotherapy may be useful in the anticancer treatment, and may also be related to the decline in cancer mortality. Reconstituted HDLs have the ability to release chemotherapeutic drugs inside the cell. As a consequence, this may be a novel way to improve therapeutic targeting for the breast cancer on the basis of detrimental impacts of oxidized HDL on cancer development.
miR‐221‐3p inhibits oxidized low‐density lipoprotein induced oxidative stress and apoptosis via targeting a disintegrin and metalloprotease‐22
Authors: Zhuang Xinyu , Li Ruoshui , Maimaitijiang Alimujiang , Liu Rongchen , Yan Fangying , Hu Haibo , Gao Xiufang , Shi Haiming 
Published: October 2018

AbstractOxidized low‐density lipoprotein (ox‐LDL)‐induced oxidative stress and apoptosis are considered as a critical contributor to atherosclerosis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported versatile functions in all biological processes via directly suppressing target messenger RNA at a posttranscriptional level. Although miRNA‐221 has been implied to be involved in the regulation of atherosclerosis, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, we showed that ox‐LDL treatment remarkably suppressed the expression of miR‐221‐3p in a concentration‐dependent and time‐dependent manner. Transfection of miR‐221‐3p mimic significantly reduced the foam cell formation and expression of lipid biomarkers, while transfection of the miR‐221‐3p inhibitor showed completely opposite effects. Moreover, miR‐221‐3p was also found to inhibit the process of cell apoptosis in macrophages. A disintegrin and metalloprotease‐22 (ADAM22) is predicted as a direct target of miR‐221‐3p, and silencing AMAM22 resulted in a reduced foam cell formation and cell apoptosis. Furthermore, silencing AMAM22 restored the stimulatory effect of the miR‐221‐3p inhibitor in ox‐LDL‐induced foam cell formation and apoptosis. These findings suggest that miR‐221‐3p inhibits ox‐LDL and apoptosis via directly targeting ADAM22.
miRNA‐155 and miRNA‐181a as prognostic biomarkers for pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: El‐Khazragy Nashwa , Noshi Mohamed Ahmed , Abdel‐Malak Camelia , Zahran Rasha F. , Swellam Menha 
Published: October 2018

AbstractMortality rates of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) have improved over the past 20 years; however, a significant portion of deaths stems from the lack of prognostic biomarkers, which can direct therapy and overcome drug resistance. microRNA‐155a (miRNA‐155a) and miRNA‐181a are two single‐stranded miRNAs involved in the pathogenesis of many types of leukemia and lymphoma and is linked to drug resistance. We investigated their expression levels in 55 patients, 45 diagnosed with ALL and 10 as a control group. We found that miRNA‐155a and miRNA‐181a were significantly upregulated in the ALL group with both being linked to high levels of minimal residual disease and poor prognosis. miRNA‐155a cutoff value was significant in discriminating between high‐ and low‐risk ALL patients as well as between ALL patients and healthy controls, miRNA‐181a cutoff value, however, was not significant. Both markers levels were significantly downregulated after therapy. We conclude that miR‐155 is correlated with poor prognosis in ALL, whereas we couldn’t link miRNA‐181a to the prognosis in ALL. Moreover, the marked decrease in their expression after therapy could reflect their impact on disease outcome.
Long noncoding RNA XIST participates in bladder cancer by downregulating p53 via binding to TET1
Authors: Hu Bo , Shi Guowei , Li Qian , Li Wei , Zhou Hui 
Published: October 2018

AbstractLong noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to take part in intracellular RNA regulatory networks and play important roles in a lot of pathological processes. Currently, lncRNA X‐inactive specific transcript (XIST) has been proved to regulate cell migration, proliferation, and apoptosis in a series of cancers. In this study, we explored whether XIST can affect cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis in bladder cancer. The influences of XIST on the cell proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptosis were detected in bladder cancer cells. The effect of XIST on the migration of bladder cancer cells was examined by cell migration assay. Through RNA immunoprecipitation and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays, the binding relationship between XIST and TET1 and the regulatory mechanism of TET1 on p53 were examined. Western blot was performed to detect p53 after knockdown or overexpression of XIST. We found that knockdown of XIST suppressed cell migration and proliferation in vitro. Mechanistically, we confirmed that lncRNA XIST participates in bladder cancer by downregulating p53 via binding to TET1. In conclusion, our research revealed the potential role of XIST‐TET1‐p53 regulatory network in bladder cancer.
Circulating myeloid‐derived suppressor cells: An independent prognostic factor in patients with breast cancer
Authors: Safarzadeh Elham , Hashemzadeh Shahryar , Duijf Pascal H.G. , Mansoori Behzad , Khaze Vahid , Mohammadi Ali , Kazemi Tohid , Yousefi Mehdi , Asadi Milad , Mohammadi Hamed , Babaie Farhad , Baradaran Behzad 
Published: October 2018

AbstractEvading immune destruction is a hallmark of cancer. Myeloid‐derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), a heterogeneous population of myeloid immune cells, are thought to foster the establishment of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, but it remains unclear how. This study aims to determine the levels of circulating MDSCs and their subpopulations and test their immunosuppressive functions in patients with breast cancer (BC). We analyzed the fractions of MDSCs in freshly isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with BC and healthy donors using flow cytometry. Circulating MDSCs were further phenotyped using fluorescently labeled antihuman monoclonal antibodies. Coculture experiments revealed the effects of MDSCs on CD3+ T cell response. Moreover, we correlated circulating MDSC levels with clinicopathological features of patients with BC. We show that the fraction of HLA‐DR
– CD33
+ MDSCs in peripheral blood is about 10‐fold higher in patients with BC than in healthy control individuals. The levels of all MDSC subpopulations, including monocytic and granulocytic MDSCs, are significantly elevated. Coculture experiments of purified HLA‐DR
– CD33
+ MDSCs and CD3
+ T cells demonstrate that T cell proliferation is more effectively inhibited by BC patient‐derived MDSCs than by healthy control MDSCs. Moreover, increased circulating MDSC levels robustly associate with advanced BC stage and positive lymph node status. By being more abundant and more effective T cell suppressors, BC patient‐derived circulating MDSCs exert a dual immunosuppressive effect. Our findings pave the way to develop novel diagnostic and immunotherapeutic strategies, aimed at detecting and inhibiting MDSCs in patients with BC.
Small interfering RNA–mediated gene suppression as a therapeutic intervention in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Hajiasgharzadeh Khalil , Somi Mohammad Hossein , Shanehbandi Dariush , Mokhtarzadeh Ahad , Baradaran Behzad 
Published: October 2018

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the lethal and difficult‐to‐cure cancers worldwide. Owing to the late diagnosis and drug resistance of malignant hepatocytes, treatment of this cancer by conventional chemotherapy agents is challenging, and researchers are seeking new alternative treatment options to overcome therapy resistance in this neoplasm. RNA interference (RNAi) is a potent and specific approach in targeting gene expression and has emerged as a novel therapeutic tool for many diseases, including cancers. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) is a type of RNAi that is produced intracellularly from exogenous synthetic oligonucleotides and can selectively knock down target gene expression in a sequence‐specific manner. Various factors play roles in the initiation and progression of HCC and provide multiple candidate targets for siRNA intervention. In addition, due to the liver's unique architecture and availability of some hepatic siRNA delivery methods, this organ has received much more attention as a target tissue for such oligonucleotide action. Recent advances in designing nanoparticle systems for the in vivo delivery of siRNAs have markedly enhanced the potency of siRNA‐mediated gene silencing under clinical development for HCC therapy. The utility of siRNAs as anti‐HCC agents is the subject of the current review. siRNA‐based gene therapies could be one of the main feasible approaches for HCC therapy in the future.
MicroRNAs and breast cancer stem cells: Potential role in breast cancer therapy
Authors: Vahidian Fatemeh , Mohammadi Hamed , Ali‐Hasanzadeh Mohammad , Derakhshani Afshin , Mostaan Masoud , Hemmatzadeh Maryam , Baradaran Behzad 
Published: October 2018

AbstractMicroRNAs (miRNAs) can control cancer and cancer stem cells (CSCs), and this topic has drawn immense attention recently. Stem cells are a tiny population of a bulk of tumor cells that have enormous potential in expansion and metastasis of the tumor. miRNA have a crucial role in the management of the function of stem cells. This role is to either promote or suppress the tumor. In this review, we investigated the function and different characteristics of CSCs and function of the miRNAs that are related to them. We also demonstrated the role and efficacy of these miRNAs in breast cancer and breast cancer stem cells (BCSC). Eventually, we revealed the metastasis, tumor formation, and their role in the apoptosis process. Also, the therapeutic potential of miRNA as an effective method for the treatment of BCSC was described. Extensive research is required to investigate the employment or suppression of these miRNAs for therapeutics approached in different cancers in the future.