bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Time Delays of Robotic Total Stations Witch High Sampling Frequency on Accuracy of Measurements to Moving Prisms
Authors: Lenda G. , Uznański A. , Strach M. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractRobotic total stations are a group of surveying instruments that can be used to measure moving prisms. These devices can generate significant errors during kinematic surveys. This is due to the different speeds of the total station’s measurement subsystems, which results in the observations of the point location being performed in different places of the space. Total stations which are several years old may generate errors of up to a few dozen centimeters. More modern designs, with much lower delays of the mechanical and electronic subsystems, theoretically allow to significantly reduce the values of the errors. This study involved the performance of kinematic tests on the modern robotic total station Leica MS50 in order to determine the values of measurement errors, and also to define the possibility of using them for the above-mentioned applications.
The Estimated Quantities of Building Demolition Waste
Authors: Sobotka A. , Sagan J. , Radziejowska A. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe aim of the article is to analyze existing foreign experiences presented in the literature in the field of estimating demolition waste and their applicability in Poland condition. Using the case study method for more than a dozen objects, the authors prove the necessity to verify the suitability of the proposed models in relation to regional conditions (e.g. climatic conditions, local technologies, etc.). The amount of concrete waste from demolition of objects made in the analyzed technology is characterized by a low coefficient of variation, especially in the case of public facilities and is only 10%. However, in the case of residential buildings, the volatility was 16,7%. The calculated average index of concrete waste was compared with the two literature models. The results obtained differ from the values obtained from the models. Based on an analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of the selected models and their assumptions, a proposal has been formulated for the development of an effective tool for estimating demolition waste taking into account regional specific conditions together with the concept of sustainable construction. The focus was on waste from demolition of concrete objects.
Nonlinear Longitudinal Shear Distribution in Steel-Concrete Composite Beams
Authors: Grzeszykowski B. , Szmigiera E. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis paper describes a fiber-based model proposed for computing the nonlinear longitudinal shear distribution in composite steel-concrete beams. The presented method incorporates the accurate stress-strain relationship with strain softening for concrete and bi-linear constitutive relation for structural steel, both in agreement with Eurocodes, however any one-dimensional constitutive relation can be used. The numerical solution for a simply supported beams loaded with the uniform load, concentrated force and both was presented. The results indicate that the highest value of the shear flow for a beam under an uniform load is at the ends and in the one third of the span length and for the point load, the maximum shear is in the proximity of the concentrated force.
Amplification Factors in the Case of Beam Under Moving Force – Theoretical Analysis
Authors: Ataman M. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe impact of a moving load speed on the dynamic overload of beams, assuming that the track of the load has no unevenness, is examined. First the problem of a visco-elastic beam on a Winkler foundation subjected to a force moving at a constant speed will be solved. Using the Bubnov-Galerkin method, the deflections of the beam, and then the bending moments and shear forces will be determined. The solution of the problem will be obtained both for the case of a forced vibration and the case of a free vibration after the moving force has left the beam. Using these solutions, dynamic amplification factors will be determined for the deflections, bending moments, and shear forces, which are different for the two cases.The magnitude of the amplification factors increases and decreases alternately as a function of the speed. In the case of a single force on a beam, the dynamic overloads are limited, and do not exceed 60%. There is no resonance phenomenon in the beam subjected to the single moving force. The dynamic amplification factors determined in this way can be used as correction coefficients when designing engineering structures subjected to moving loads by static methods.
Mechanical Properties of Hybrid FRP Bars and Nano-Hybrid FRP Bars
Authors: Szmigiera E.D. , Protchenko K. , Urbański M. , Garbacz A. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe paper describes the recent developments of Hybrid Fibre-Reinforced Polymer (HFRP) and nano-Hybrid Fibre-Reinforced Polymer (nHFRP) bars. Hybridization of less expensive basalt fibres with carbon fibres leads to more sustainable alternative to Basalt-FRP (BFRP) bars and more economically-efficient alternative to Carbon-FRP (CFRP) bars. The New-Developed HFRP bars were subjected to tensile axial loading to investigate its structural behaviour. The effect of hybridization on tensile properties of HFRP bars was verified experimentally by comparing the results of tensile test of HFRP bars with non-hybrid BFRP bars. It is worth to mention that the difference in obtained strength characteristics between analytical and numerical considerations was very small, however the obtained results were much higher than results obtained experimentally. Authors suggested that lower results obtained experimentally can be explained by imperfect interphase development and therefore attempted to improve the chemical cohesion between constituents by adding nanosilica particles to matrix consistency.
Technical Assessment of Old Buildings by Fuzzy Approach
Authors: Konior J. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractA group of old apartment houses with the age over 100 years (that is those carried out before the First World War) takes an important place in polish building resources. Technical maintenance of apartment houses, traditional methods erected, is nowadays and will be a valid problem in the nearest future. The results of the work refer to the general population, estimated for 600 objects, that is about 20% of municipal downtown apartment houses in Wrocław.The purpose of the research was to identify an influence of widely considered maintenance of apartment houses on a degree and intensity of their elements’ deterioration. The goal of the work has been fulfilled by symptoms’ analysis of declining of inspected elements’ exploitation values, that is identification of mechanics of their defects arising.The range of the work has required creation of original qualitative model of pinpointed defects and its transfer into quantitative one. It has made possible to analyse the reason - effect phenomena „defect - technical wear” relevant to the most important elements of Wroclaw downtown district’s apartment houses. The research procedure has been conducted in accordance of fuzzy sets theory which made possible to describe qualitative model of pinpointed defects and its transfer into a quantitative one.
The History of the Railway Bridges by the Citadel in Warsaw
Authors: Bladyniec T. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn 1875 a steel railway bridge was built in northern Warsaw. It had seven spans of 66.22 m and two spans of 15.24 m. In 1908 the second railway bridge was built downstream of the older one. The spacing of supports and spans were the same as in the older bridge. During World War I, both bridges were blown up and then rebuilt, first temporarily and then permanently. Again both were blown up in 1944. In 1945, a temporary crossing was built. In 1947 a permanent bridge was rebuilt, partially replacing rivets with welding. On the pillars of the older bridge, the Gdański Bridge was built (not in this study). In 1963 welded connections were strengthened, in 1980 the structure of the northern track was replaced. In 2016, the northern track was renovated. The replacement of the structure of the southern track is ongoing since 2018.
Analysis of Self-Organising Networks of Communication Between the Participants of a Housing Complex Construction Project
Authors: Śladowski G. , Radziszewska-Zielina E. , Kania E. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe article highlights the fact that numerous key decisions in temporary construction organisations are made as a result of informal, non-contractual relationships between organisation members that are not a result of formal organisational structures. These hidden relationships can be visualised in the form of social networks and Social Network Analysis methods (SNA) can be used to perform their structural analysis. In latest studies on self-organising networks in the construction sector, researchers have mostly focused on the design phase of large construction projects, e.g. infrastructural ones. Meanwhile, there exists a need for similar research to focus on temporary organisations created for the purpose of performing construction work. The authors took up this subject and examined a self-organising network of communication between the participants of the construction of a multi-family residential complex located in Katowice, Poland. The structural analysis of this network facilitated its in-depth understanding and identifying certain flaws and dysfunctions concerning individual participants of this project, which became a basis for further discussion. At the same time, the authors highlighted the benefits of managing such a self-organising network in the context of the effective achievement of project goals.
Performance of Electrospun Polyvinylidene Fluoride Nanofibrous Membrane in Air Filtration
Authors: Xiao Yuanxiang , Wen Enlong , Sakib Nazmus , Yue Zhonghua , Wang Yan , Cheng Si , Militky Jiri , Venkataraman Mohanapriya , Zhu Guocheng 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) fibrous membranes with fiber diameter from nanoscale to microscale were prepared by electrospinning. The structural parameters of PVDF fibrous membrane in terms of fiber diameter, pore size and its distribution, porosity or packing density, thickness, and areal weight were tested. The relationship between solution concentration and structural parameters of fibrous membrane was analyzed. The filtration performance of PVDF fibrous membrane in terms of air permeability and filtration efficiency was evaluated. The results demonstrated that the higher solution concentration led to a larger fiber diameter and higher areal weight of fibrous membrane. However, no regular change was found in thickness, porosity, or pore size of fibrous membrane under different solution concentrations. The air permeability and filtration efficiency of fibrous membrane had positive correlations with pore size. The experimental results of filtration efficiency were compared with the predicted values from current theoretical models based on single fiber filtration efficiency. However, the predicted values did not have a good agreement with experimental results since the fiber diameter was in nanoscale and the ratio of particle size to fiber diameter was much larger than the value that the theoretical model requires.
Discriminating between nesting and non-nesting habitat in a vulnerable bird species: implications for behavioural ecology
Authors: Hanane Saâd 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Nowadays, partitioning amongst nesting and non-nesting habitats is not much studied. Here, I investigate whether or not the turtle dove (Streptopelia turtur) nesting habitats overlap with those used for other purposes in a North African agroforestry system. A total of 33 nest points and 33 turtle dove presence points were considered. The study, conducted in May to June 2017, attempted to determine the factors that may play a role in discriminating between the nesting habitats and non-nesting habitats. I used a linear discriminant analysis (LDA) to test the relevance of proximity of food resources, forest edge and human presence variables in the distribution of the species. The results show substantial segregation in the habitats selected for nesting and those selected for other uses [average distance was 1129.69 ± 169.40 m (n = 66) with a maximum of 1518.6 m and a minimum of 617.72 m], with selection depending primarily on the proximity to forest edge and feeding areas. I discuss these findings and their implications on behavioural ecology and future researches of this vulnerable species. I suggest guidelines for future studies that will seek to better understand the behavioural dynamics of turtle doves in the Mediterranean agroforestry systems. This can only be done when disturbance covariates, such as: (i) forest logging, (ii) cereal harvesting and (iii) hunting and predation pressures, were imperatively taken into account.
A Rare Case of a Tuberculosis Patient with Sarcoidosis
Authors: Muntean Petru-Emil 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background: Sarcoidosis and tuberculosis are chronic diseases that rarely occur concomitantly. We present the case of a 39-year-old woman with microbiological confirmation of pulmonary tuberculosis and concomitant sarcoidosis. Four weeks after corticosteroid therapy for sarcoidosis was introduced we had positive findings of mycobacterium culture from bronchial aspirate. Based on these results, corticosteroid therapy was discontinued and the patient received anti-tuberculosis therapy for six months as required by the national guidelines. During this period, new nodes on face, nose, and ear appeared and the patient was diagnosed with skin sarcoidosis. The patient received colchicine and corticosteroids as per the national guidelines.
Conclusion: In cases of diagnostic uncertainty between sarcoidosis and tuberculosis we should administer corticosteroid therapy until we have microbiological confirmation of mycobacterium culture.
Effects of Pramipexole on Learning and Memory Processes in Naïve and Haloperidol-challenged Rats in Active Avoidance Test
Authors: Mihaylova Anita S. , Kostadinov Ilia D. , Doncheva Nina D. , Zlatanova Hristina I. , Delev Delian P. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurode-generative disease, usually detected by its motor symptoms. The non-motor symptoms, including cognitive deficits, have been of great interest to researchers in the last few decades.
Aim: To assess the effect of pramipexole on learning and memory in naïve and haloperidol-challenged rats.
Materials and methods: Male Wistar rats divided into 9 groups (n=8): naïve - saline, pramipexole 0.5; 1 and 3 mg/kg bw; Haloperidol groups - saline, haloperidol, haloperidol + pramipexole 0.5; 1 and 3 mg/kg bw. Two-way active avoidance test (TWAA) and activity cage were performed. The studied parameters were: number of conditioned and unconditioned responses, vertical and horizontal movements. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 19.
Results: The naïve experimental groups significantly increased the number of conditioned responses during the tests for short- and long-term memory, compared with the saline groups (p<0.05). During the short-memory test only the animals with the lowest dose of PMX significantly increased the number of unconditioned responses whereas during the long-term memory test all experimental groups increased the number of escapes in comparison with the saline groups (p<0.05). Challenge dose of haloperidol attenuates learning and memory in pramipexol treated rats. Only the highest dose of pramipexol showed significant increase in conditioned and unconditioned responses compared with the haloperidol group (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Pramipexole improves learning and memory in naïve rats by enhancing dopaminergic neurotransmission. This is probably not the only mechanism involved. This is confirmed by the decrease in learning and memory ability in rats with haloperidol-challenge.
Laparoscopy-Assisted Transanal Total Mesorectal Excision
Authors: Penchev Dimitar K. , Ivanov Plamen G. , Mutafchiyski Ventzislav M. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background: Rectal cancer located in distal third still remains a technical challenge for surgeons. Transanal total mesorectal excision with laparoscopic assistance is quite new surgical approach for rectal cancer treatment that seems to solve some of the associated technical issues. The aim of the study was to present our experience in laparoscopy-assisted transanal total mesorectal excision.
Materials and methods: After obtaining approval from the local Ethics Committee, a single centre prospective double-arm comparative non-randomized trial was initiated. With recruiting still in progress at present, between 27.02.2017 and 01.10.2017 four laparoscopy-assisted transanal total mesorectal excision procedures and two laparoscopic total mesorectal excisions were performed in the department of Endoscopic Endocrine Surgery and Coloproctolgy at the Military Medical Academy in Sofia.
Results: There is no conversion in both groups. No postoperative mortality 30 days after surgery. The quality of total mesorectal excision was satisfactory in all patients estimated by the Quirque classification. There was no distal or proximal tumor involvement of surgical margins. In one of the cases, we reported positive circumferential resection margin. We had two cases with postoperative morbidity.
Conclusion: Transanal total mesorectal excision with laparoscopic assistance is quite new minimally invasive surgical approach for rectal cancer treatment. Avoiding the procedure-related complications during the learning curve is essential before applying the method to every patient. Multicenter randomized control trial is needed so that we could answer the questions raised in this study.
Pharmacoeconomics of Bronchial Asthma
Authors: Ivanova Zlatina I. , Ivanov Yavor Y. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Introduction: Pharmacoeconomics (PE) treats the problems of pharmacotherapy policy, drug marketing and reimbursement and clinical trials. It guides policy makers for effective health resources utilization and determines the profitability of the new drugs on the basis of their price, efficacy and benefits for society.
Types of health costs and pharmacoeconomic analyses: In the current review the main types of health costs are discussed. The main PE analyses with their advantages and disadvantages are presented.
Pharmacoeconomic of bronchial asthma: The main aspects of PE of bronchial asthma are available in the current review. The costs of health services (direct and indirect), the educational programs and asthma medications in different countries are discussed. Recently published data showed correlation between asthma cost and disease severity, control, social status and therapy adherence.
Conclusion: PE analyses provide the benefit of making cost consistent decisions in the field of asthma care. This review adds more data on the cost of current asthma treatment worldwide and in Bulgaria.
Relationship between Lipid Indices, Type IV Collagen Turnover and the Development of Microvascular Complications in Diabetic Patients with Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Nikolov Asparuh , Tzekova Maria , Blazhev Alexander 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background and aims: An important factor in the development of vascular wall lesions is the degradation of the major protein of connective tissue - type IV collagen. Type IV collagen peptides (CIVDP) derived from this degradation are present in the circulation and are a stimulus for production of anti-collagen type IV antibodies (ACIVAbs) IgM, IgG and IgA. The aim of this study was to find a possible association between ACIVAbs, lipid indices and the development of microvascular complications.
Materials and methods: Sera of 93 patients (mean age 61.4±11.3 yrs, diabetes duration 9.88±3.12 yrs; hypertension duration 9.28±4.98) with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and arterial hypertension (AH) were investigated. ACIVAbs was determined using ELISA and then compared to serum ACIVAbs in 42 age- and sex-matched controls. Diabetics were divided into two groups according to presence (group 1, n=67) or absence (group 2, n=26) of microangiopathy. Lipid profile and lipid indices (log TG/HDL, LDL/HDL, TC/HDL and TG/HDL) were examined too.
Results: Patients with T2DM and AH showed statistically significant higher levels of serum ACIVAbs IgG than healthy controls [0.298 (0.237÷0.381) vs 0.210 (0.149÷0.262), KW=14.01, p<0.0001]. Group 1 had statistically significant higher levels of ACIVAbs IgG than patients without microangiopathy [0.323 (0.243÷0.391) vs 0.241 (0.207÷0.291), KW=7.66, p=0.006] and healthy controls [0.210 (0.149÷0.262), KW=17.52, p<0.0001). ACIVAbs IgG showed correlation with duration of diabetes (r=0.49, p=0.01), retinopathy (r=−0.20, p=0.04) and BMI (r=−0.24, p=0.05), HbA1c (r=0.21, p=0.04), SBP (r=0.16, p=0.05). ACIVAbs IgG correlated with log TG/HDL (r=0.21, p=0.01), LDL/HDL (r=0.19, p=0.02) TC/HDL (r=0.16, p=0.05) and with TG/HDL (r=0.15, p=0.05).
Conclusion: Our study shows relationship between elevation of ACIVAbs IgG, high lipid indices and development of microvascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and arterial hypertension.
Screening of Cervical Cancer: Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid (VIA) and Site of Lesion Verified by Multiple Punch Biopsies
Authors: Gad Monira M. , Galal Salma B. , Helmy Wafaa , Abd El-Fattah Naela H 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background: Cervical cancer is the tenth most frequent cancer in Egyptian women. The Papanicolaou screening test is not suitable for rural area as most follow-up consultations never take place.
Aim: To evaluate visual inspection of the cervix with acetic acid as a screening test.
Materials and methods: According to the inclusion criteria, women aged 25-60 years commuting to a gynecological out-patient clinic at the University Hospital went through a visual inspection of the cervix with acetic acid (VIA). Exclusion criteria were women below 25 years, unmarried, pregnant, menstruating, known to have cancer, having a precancerous lesion or a cervical operation. Multiple punch biopsies were done for all VIA positive cases and a subsample of the VIA negative cases underwent the same. Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) was evaluated. In addition, the site of the lesion was assessed. SPSS was used for the statistical analysis.
Results: Of the 379 screened women, 17.1% were found to be VIA positive. The sensitivity was found to be 91.3% (79.6%–96.5%) and the specificity 68.5% (57.1%–77.9%). Significantly more women with positive punch biopsies complained of contact bleeding than those with negative punch biopsies. CIN2 and CIN3 were mostly found (77.8%) in the right quadrant, while 74% of CIN1 was found in the lower right and left quadrant.
Conclusion: VIA is weak as a test to stand alone but may need a combination with other indicators such as the location of the lesion on the right side of the cervix or contact bleeding. A combined indicator may detect precancerous cervix.