bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Descriptive epidemiology of endemic Classical Swine Fever in Cuba
Authors: Fonseca Osvaldo , Coronado Liani , Amarán Laymara , Perera Carmen L. , Centelles Yosdany , Montano Damarys N. , Alfonso Pastor , Fernández Octavio , Santoro Kleber R. , Frías-Lepoureau María T. , Percedo María I. 
Published: June 2018

In Cuba, Classical Swine Fever (CSF) has become an endemic disease since 1993 with several outbreaks each year despite the compulsory vaccination program implemented. To deepen the disease characterization is essential for improving the CSF control measures and to achieve its eradication. The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological characteristics of CSF occurrences in Cuba during a seven-year period within the endemic situation. Data on CSF occurrence from January 2010 to December 2016 were analyzed. The seven-year period shows a tendency of the number of affected premises to increase (r=0.31, p=0.005) over time (month). Directional distribution (1SD ellipse) indicated a great dispersion of affected premises by year across the country with a trend to a higher occurrence to the west. It was demonstrated by the negative correlation (r=-0.893, p=0.007) between the longitude of the mean center of the ellipses over the years. The Kernel density indicated that the disease was spatially distributed across the whole country, but four hot spots were found in the western (Pinar del Río and Artemisa) and eastern (Guantánamo and Holguín) regions. The clinical sign most frequently reported in affected premises was fever, followed by loss of appetite, conjunctivitis, and diarrhea. The most frequent observed clinical signs were non-specific, which complicates the disease recognition in the field. The obtained results have a practical importance for improving the efficiency of the CSF control program implemented in the country and contribute to enhance epidemiological surveillance taking into account the risk based principles.
Immunophenotypic Variations in Mantle Cell Lymphoma and Their Impact on Clinical Behavior and Outcome
Authors: Aqil Barina , Triska Grace , Frater John , Hassan Anjum , Ruzinova Marianna B. , Cashen Amanda , Reese Yvette , Kreisel Friederike 
Published: June 2018

Context.—Immunophenotypic variations in mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) from the classic CD5+/CD10−/CD23−/FMC-7+ immunophenotype have been reported in the literature, but correlation with clinical behavior and outcome has not been fully studied.Objective.—To investigate clinicopathologic and prognostic differences between immunophenotypically aberrant MCL and immunophenotypically typical MCL.Design.—We evaluated differences in clinical presentation, laboratory parameters, prognostic indices, response to initial treatment, and progression-free and overall survival between patients with aberrant MCL and patients with immunophenotypically typical MCL.Results.—There were 158 patients with newly diagnosed cyclin D1 or t(11;14)(q13;q32)+ MCL identified in the original search, of which, 29 patients (18%) showed immunophenotypic aberrancies, with CD23 coexpression being the most common. When compared with 33 randomly selected patients with immunophenotypically typical MCL, statistically significant differences were seen in white blood cell counts (P = .02), in the presence of absolute lymphocytosis (P = .03), in the MCL International Prognostic Index score (P = .02), and in response to initial treatment (P = .04). The “immunophenotypic status” of the MCL was the only independent factor associated with response to treatment (P = .05), but not with the MCL International Prognostic Index score, absolute lymphocytosis, or white blood cell count. No significant differences were seen for progression-free or overall survival.Conclusions.—Immunophenotypic variations in MCL are associated with differences in clinical presentation and response to therapy when compared with immunophenotypically typical MCL. However, with current intensive frontline immunochemotherapy, immunophenotypic aberrations do not appear to affect progression-free or overall survival.
In the News
Authors: Free David 
Published: June 2018

Welcome to the June 2018 issue of C&RL News. Every two years, ACRL’s Research Planning and Review Committee produces their “Top trends in academic libraries.” The 2018 edition discusses the publisher and vendor landscape, fake news and information literacy, project management, textbook affordability, the ethics of learning analytics and data collection, data sets and text mining, demand-driven acquisitions, open access, and legacy print collections. Many thanks to the committee for pulling together this important and popular survey of the current landscape of academic and research librarianship.
Process mapping as an academic library tool: Five steps to improve your workflow
Authors: Ornat Natalie , Moorefield Renee 
Published: June 2018

The academic library is a complex organization whose staff executes numerous processes each day to deliver materials and services in a timely manner to patrons. A process where tasks, information, or documents are passed from one participant to the next is called a workflow. Libraries use workflows to coordinate tasks between people and departments and create an efficient progress of work. Interlibrary loan shipping, electronic serials acquisition, damaged item repairing, and reference desk referrals are just some of the hundreds of workflows within the academic library. When diagrammed, these workflows provide valuable information in visual form regarding the path a process takes throughout a library. Diagramming workflows is known as process mapping.
Videojuegos activos y cognición. Propuestas educativas en adolescentes
Authors: Ruiz Ariza Alberto , Lopez Serrano Sebastian , Suarez Manzano Sara , Martínez López Emilio J. 
Published: June 2018

La evidencia científica actual ha corroborado que una manera de estimular la función cognitiva es a través de la práctica habitual de actividad física, componente intrínseco de los videojuegos activos. Recientes estudios han demostrado que con la inclusión de este tipo de videojuegos durante la jornada escolar se podrían reducir los niveles actuales de sedentarismo en adolescentes, favoreciendo una mejor condición física, socialización y desarrollo integral de aquellos que los practican. Además, estos podrían ser útiles para mejorar los resultados cognitivos y académicos. Sin embargo, estos efectos se encuentra aún casi inexplorados y muy pocos estudios han establecido la relación entre estas variables. Por ello, el objetivo de este trabajo es revisar y analizar los resultados de las investigaciones más actuales basadas en la influencia de los videojuegos activos sobre la cognición en adolescentes. Se revisaron las bases de datos PubMed, Web of Science, Sportdiscus y ProQuest, estableciendo un límite temporal de los últimos diez años. Seis fueron los estudios incluidos, todos mostraron una asociación positiva en estas variables y solo tres de los estudios incluyeron covariables. Estos resultados sugieren que promover programas mediante videojuegos activos podría tener un gran potencial para el desarrollo cognitivo y académico en esta etapa educativa. Además, permitirían el desarrollo de hábitos saludables de actividad física, el aumento de la motivación del alumnado y una mejor socialización.
Quelques contributions de Peirce à l’épistémologie des sciences sociales
Authors: Létourneau Alain 
Published: June 2018

Le but de l’article est surtout de montrer que si nous réfléchissons aux liens entre deux notions de base de la philosophie de Peirce, soit le traité de la sémiosis et le traité des catégories (soit la priméité, la secondéité et la tiercéité), nous pouvons y découvrir les bases d’une épistémologie des sciences interprétatives, et notamment les sciences sociales qui se réclament d’une telle perspective. Si tout l’interactionnisme repose sur une notion interactive du signe, c’est que déjà chez Peirce l’interprétation des signes est sociale. De plus, s’il est bien exact que les sciences sociales ont souvent voulu thématiser l’action humaine, et ce notamment au 20e siècle, il est clair qu’une troisième idée de Peirce, soit la notion de science normative de l’action appelée « practics », a quelque chose d’inaugural au plan conceptuel, tant pour la sociologie que pour une éthique qui ne voudrait pas s’identifier à la morale mais thématiser sa réflexion pratique.
Vers une théorie du pâtir communicationnel. Sensibiliser Habermas
Authors: Berger Mathieu 
Published: June 2018

Ce texte tente de poser les jalons d’une critique interne et reconstructrice de la Théorie de l’agir communicationnel. A travers la discussion de penseurs chers à Jürgen Habermas (C.S. Peirce, K. Bühler, G. H. Mead), l’auteur plaide pour une « sensibilisation » du modèle de rationalité développé par le francfortois, condition d’une meilleure capacité de description des situations et processus de communication, autrement dit, d’un plus grand réalisme de la théorie : réalisme sémiotique, par la prise en compte de l’instabilité de la signification dans les situations d’interlocution (Bühler) et de la multi-modalité de sémioses combinant le symbolique, l’indiciel et l’iconique, aspects de tiercéité, de secondéité et de priméité (Peirce) ; réalisme écologique, à travers une plus grande attention pour les situations concrètes, pour les corps qui soutiennent la communication, ainsi que pour les milieux qui l’accueillent et la reçoivent (Mead).
La pénurie de personnel enseignant du primaire en Afrique subsaharienne francophone : quels progrès depuis les indépendances?
Authors: Sirois Geneviève , Dembélé Martial , Labé Olivier 
Published: June 2018

Un demi-siècle après les indépendances, les pénuries de personnel enseignant représentent toujours un obstacle majeur à la scolarisation primaire universelle dans plusieurs pays d’Afrique subsaharienne, et plus particulièrement dans les anciennes colonies françaises, où la situation est jugée critique. Pour comprendre ce qui explique cette situation, nous proposons de remonter dans le temps et d’adopter une perspective comparative. Nous avons cherché à comprendre pourquoi les pénuries de personnel enseignant sont un phénomène persistant dans un échantillon de huit pays anciennement colonisés par la France. Il ressort de nos analyses que la décennie 1980-1990, marquée par la mise en oeuvre des programmes d’ajustement structurel, a connu un important ralentissement des progrès des pays pour assurer une offre suffisante d’enseignantes et enseignants pour scolariser un maximum d’enfants. Quant à la période 2000-2015, associée aux objectifs de l’Éducation pour tous, elle a été marquée par une diminution des pénuries d’enseignants. Il apparaît toutefois que les pénuries persisteront dans l’ensemble des pays à l’étude d’ici 2030, notamment en raison des taux de croissance élevés de la population d’âge scolaire et des besoins créés par l’attrition du personnel enseignant.
Le personnel enseignant et l’enseignement dans l’agenda du Réseau ouest et centre africain de recherche en éducation (ROCARE) : état des lieux vingt ans après Maclure (1997)
Authors: Azoh François Joseph , Koffi Affoué Philomène , Dembélé Martial 
Published: June 2018

Cet article s’inscrit dans le prolongement de la synthèse réalisée par Maclure en 1997 sur la recherche en éducation en Afrique centrale et occidentale. Il s’agit donc d’une revue des travaux de recherche portant sur le thème du personnel enseignant et de l’enseignement dans les douze pays francophones membres du Réseau ouest et centre africain de recherche en éducation (ROCARE) au cours des vingt dernières années, soit de 1997 à 2017. Cette revue repose sur un corpus documentaire sélectionné dans la bibliothèque numérique du ROCARE. Les 315 études recensées couvrent les quatre sous-thèmes suivants : 1) formation du personnel enseignant et pratiques pédagogiques; 2) évaluation des apprentissages et qualité de l’éducation; 3) réformes curriculaires et méthodes pédagogiques; 4) éducation non formelle. Ces études convergent sur le déficit de formation initiale et continue des enseignantes et enseignants, ce qui ne leur permet pas d’appliquer les méthodes pédagogiques et les curriculums issus des réformes et d’offrir un enseignement de qualité. Vingt ans après Maclure, la question enseignante et l’enseignement se présentent dans les mêmes termes.
Le profil du personnel enseignant du primaire au Burkina Faso : construction d’une typologie par l’analyse des pratiques enseignantes et relation avec la formation initiale
Authors: Paré-Kaboré Afsata , Sawadogo François 
Published: June 2018

Le programme Observation des pratiques enseignantes dans leur rapport avec les apprentissages des élèves (OPERA) a été mis en oeuvre au Burkina Faso de 2013 à 2015. Des analyses de pratiques enseignantes ont été faites sur la base d’observations de 90 enseignantes et enseignants de deuxième et sixième année du primaire lors d’une première phase et de 41 d’entre eux lors d’une seconde phase. L’analyse des données recueillies auprès des 41 enseignants observés au cours des deux phases ont permis d’établir deux types de profils : 1) des profils de représentations – « enseignement » ou « apprentissage » – du processus enseignement-apprentissage; 2) des profils de pratiques effectives révélant un profil relationnel positif, trois profils pédagogiques et trois profils didactiques. Après les avoir présentés, cet article propose une discussion sur ces profils en les mettant en lien avec les programmes de formation des enseignantes et enseignants. On constate qu’il n’existe pas de profil de pratiques pur ou définitif, le contexte amenant les enseignants à s’adapter. Néanmoins, le domaine didactique apparaît souvent moins investi que les deux autres par les enseignants, ce qui semble en phase avec l’orientation de leur formation, soit la pédagogie par objectifs.
The mitochondrial genomes of two walnut pests,Gastrolina depressa depressaandG.depressa thoracica(Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), and phylogenetic analyses
Authors: Wang Qiqi , Tang Guanghui 
Published: June 2018

In this study, the mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) of two walnut leaf insect pests,Gastrolina depressa depressaandG.depressa thoracica, were sequenced by Sanger sequencing technology. The mitogenome ofG.depressa thoracicawas complete at 16,109 bp in length, while the mitogenome ofG.depressa depressa(14,277 bp) was partial. The genomic analyses indicated that both mitogenomes have the typical gene content and arrangement. The formerly identified elements, ‘TAGTA’ betweentrnSer(UCN) andnad2, and ‘ATGATAA’ betweenatp8andatp6, were more conserved than that betweennad4Landnad4, which was ‘ATGTTAA’ in Coleoptera excluding Polyphaga. Phylogenetic analyses of the 13 protein-coding genes from 36 coleopteran species well supported a close affinity between the subfamily Chrysomelinae includingG.depressa thoracicaandG.depressa depressaand Galerucinae, as well as a sister relationship of ((Eumolpinae + Cryptocephalinae) + Cassidinae) within Chrysomelidae.
Actively Perceiving and Responsive Soft Robots Enabled by Self‐Powered, Highly Extensible, and Highly Sensitive Triboelectric Proximity‐ and Pressure‐Sensing Skins
Authors: Lai Ying‐Chih , Deng Jianan , Liu Ruiyuan , Hsiao Yung‐Chi , Zhang Steven L. , Peng Wenbo , Wu Hsing‐Mei , Wang Xingfu , Wang Zhong Lin 
Published: June 2018

AbstractRobots that can move, feel, and respond like organisms will bring revolutionary impact to today's technologies. Soft robots with organism‐like adaptive bodies have shown great potential in vast robot–human and robot–environment applications. Developing skin‐like sensory devices allows them to naturally sense and interact with environment. Also, it would be better if the capabilities to feel can be active, like real skin. However, challenges in the complicated structures, incompatible moduli, poor stretchability and sensitivity, large driving voltage, and power dissipation hinder applicability of conventional technologies. Here, various actively perceivable and responsive soft robots are enabled by self‐powered active triboelectric robotic skins (tribo‐skins) that simultaneously possess excellent stretchability and excellent sensitivity in the low‐pressure regime. The tribo‐skins can actively sense proximity, contact, and pressure to external stimuli via self‐generating electricity. The driving energy comes from a natural triboelectrification effect involving the cooperation of contact electrification and electrostatic induction. The perfect integration of the tribo‐skins and soft actuators enables soft robots to perform various actively sensing and interactive tasks including actively perceiving their muscle motions, working states, textile's dampness, and even subtle human physiological signals. Moreover, the self‐generating signals can drive optoelectronic devices for visual communication and be processed for diverse sophisticated uses.
A Superconducting Dual‐Channel Photonic Switch
Authors: Srivastava Yogesh Kumar , Manjappa Manukumara , Cong Longqing , Krishnamoorthy Harish N. S. , Savinov Vassili , Pitchappa Prakash , Singh Ranjan 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe mechanism of Cooper pair formation and its underlying physics has long occupied the investigation into high temperature (high‐Tc) cuprate superconductors. One of the ways to unravel this is to observe the ultrafast response present in the charge carrier dynamics of a photoexcited specimen. This results in an interesting approach to exploit the dissipation‐less dynamic features of superconductors to be utilized for designing high‐performance active subwavelength photonic devices with extremely low‐loss operation. Here, dual‐channel, ultrafast, all‐optical switching and modulation between the resistive and the superconducting quantum mechanical phase is experimentally demonstrated. The ultrafast phase switching is demonstrated via modulation of sharp Fano resonance of a high‐Tc yttrium barium copper oxide (YBCO) superconducting metamaterial device. Upon photoexcitation by femtosecond light pulses, the ultrasensitive cuprate superconductor undergoes dual dissociation–relaxation dynamics, with restoration of superconductivity within a cycle, and thereby establishes the existence of dual switching windows within a timescale of 80 ps. Pathways are explored to engineer the secondary dissociation channel which provides unprecedented control over the switching speed. Most importantly, the results envision new ways to accomplish low‐loss, ultrafast, and ultrasensitive dual‐channel switching applications that are inaccessible through conventional metallic and dielectric based metamaterials.
P‐Stereogenic PN(H)P Iron(II) Catalysts for the Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Ketones: The Importance of Non‐Covalent Interactions in Rational Ligand Design by Computation
Authors: Huber Raffael , Passera Alessandro , Gubler Erik , Mezzetti Antonio 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe P‐stereogenic PN(H)P pincer ligands (R(Me)PCH2CH2)2NH (R=Cy, (S,S)‐1 a; R=tBu, (S,S)‐1 b; R=Ph, (R,R)‐1 c) and their iron(II) derivatives [FeBr2(CO)(PN(H)P)] (2 a–2 c) and [FeHBr(CO)(PN(H)P)] (3 a–3 c) were developed by DFT‐driven ligand design. In a preliminary study, the P(Cy)Me‐based pincer (S,S)‐1 a and its Fe(II) complex 3 a were prepared, tested in the asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of acetophenone, and studied by Density Functional Theory (DFT). Based on the good agreement between the experimental and calculated enantioselectivity, rational design of the pincer by DFT was attempted, which suggested high enantioselectivity for the tert‐butyl and phenyl analogues 3 b and 3 c. Therefore, a new synthetic protocol was developed for (R,R)‐1 c using Buono's (S)‐(1‐(OH)Et)P(Me)Ph⋅BH3 as P‐stereogenic synthon. Against the DFT prediction, 3 c gave 1‐phenylethanol with 44% ee, which was reproduced by increasing the level of theory from DFT to post‐Hartree‐Fock Møller‐Plesset (MP2). This result can be explained by the overestimation of the enantiodeterming CH/π interaction by DFT, which reiterates the need for accurate energies in the assessment of small energy differences such as in asymmetric catalysis.magnified image
Gold(I)/Chiral Rh(III) Lewis Acid Relay Catalysis Enables Asymmetric Synthesis of Spiroketals and Spiroaminals
Authors: Gong Jun , Wan Qian , Kang Qiang 
Published: June 2018

AbstractAn efficient asymmetric cascade reaction of keto esters with alkynyl alcohols and amides was catalyzed by the combination of achiral gold(I) catalysis and chiral Rh(III) Lewis acid catalysis as asymmetric relay catalysis. The corresponding spiroketals and spiroaminals were synthesized in good yields (up to 99%), with good diastereoselectivity (up to 20:1 dr) and excellent enantioselectivity (up to 98% ee).magnified image
Virtual Reality as an Interview Technique in Evaluation of Emergency Medicine Applicants
Authors: Crawford Scott B. , Monks Stormy M. , Wells Radosveta N. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractNeed for InnovationCurrent interviewing strategies and the standardized letter of evaluation may not provide enough insight into preferred resident characteristics. Emergency medicine (EM) residency programs are challenged with identifying trainees who can problem solve, communicate, and work well with fellow health professionals.BackgroundStructured interviews have previously been used and can help predict success but candidates have reported a negative impression with their use.Objective of InnovationThis structured virtual reality (VR) interviewing method was designed so that interviewers can observe the communication abilities, subtle personality traits, and teamwork skills of applicants interviewed at an EM residency program.Development ProcessA consumer VR headset became available and in combination with an interactive team game was incorporated into a standardized team‐based interview session. This session was designed to allow observation of candidates’ communication, problem solving, and teamwork skills.Implementation PhaseSurveys were collected to examine the satisfaction of EM residency applicants who participated in this novel standardized interviewing method using a VR headset. After the submission of rank lists, but prior to Match Day, those who interviewed were e‐mailed a voluntary, anonymous, and confidential survey asking about their interview experience, specifically about the VR portion. The survey was sent to 102 applicants with 63 responses for a 62% response rate at the completion of the 2015 to 2016 interview season.OutcomesOverall study findings suggested that participants had a highly favorable impression of the VR portion of the interview. Specifically, participants reported that this interview technique was appropriate and worthwhile. Additionally, participants attested that the Oculus portion of the interview gave insight to their work ethic, personality, and communication skills and how they work with others.Reflective DiscussionThe novel interviewing method used in this study allowed interviewers to gain insight beyond that of the paperwork and brief face‐to‐face interaction. Study findings suggest that interviewees accepted the use of this novel interview method. It has been incorporated into our interview process for three consecutive years.
A Low‐Valent Molybdenum Nitride Complex: Reduction Promotes Carbonylation Chemistry
Authors: Buss Joshua A. , Cheng Christine , Agapie Theodor 
Published: June 2018

AbstractToward nitrogen functionalization, reactive terminal transition metal nitrides with high d‐electron counts are of interest. A series of terminal MoIV nitride complexes were prepared within the context of exploring nitride/carbonyl coupling to cyanate. Reduction affords the first MoII nitrido complex, an early metal nitride with four valence d‐electrons. The binding mode of the para‐terphenyl diphosphine ancillary ligand changes to stabilize an electronic configuration with a high electron count and a formal M−N bond order of three. Even with an intact Mo≡N bond, this low‐valent nitrido complex proves to be highly reactive, readily undergoing N‐atom transfer upon addition of CO, releasing cyanate anion.