bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
State‐Dependent Transmission of Monetary Policy in the Euro Area
Authors: BURGARD JAN PABLO , NEUENKIRCH MATTHIAS , NÖCKEL MATTHIAS 
Published: December 2018

AbstractWe estimate a logit mixture vector autoregressive model describing monetary policy transmission in the euro area over the period 1999–2015. In contrast to other classes of nonlinear vector autoregressive models, regime affiliation is neither strictly binary, nor binary with a transition period, and based on multiple variables. We show that monetary policy transmission in the euro area can be described as a mixture of two states. In both states, output and prices are found to decrease after contractionary monetary policy shocks. However, the effects of monetary policy are less enduring in the “crisis state.”
Multi‐institutional phase II study of neoadjuvant irinotecan and nedaplatin followed by radical hysterectomy and the adjuvant chemotherapy for locally advanced, bulky uterine cervical cancer: A Kansai Clinical Oncology Group study (KCOG‐G1201)
Authors: Mori Taisuke , Makino Hiroshi , Okubo Tomoharu , Fujiwara Yoichiro , Sawada Morio , Kuroboshi Haruo , Tsubamoto Hiroshi , Murakoshi Homare , Motohashi Takashi , Kitawaki Jo , Ito Kimihiko 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAimA multi‐institutional phase II trial was conducted to determine the efficacy and toxicity of neoadjuvant chemotherapy with irinotecan and nedaplatin followed by radical hysterectomy and adjuvant chemotherapy for locally advanced, bulky stage IB2‐IIB cervical cancer.MethodsPatients with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage IB2‐II, bulky type (>4 cm in diameter) squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix were enrolled. Irinotecan (60 mg/m2) was administered intravenously on days 1 and 8 and nedaplatin (80 mg/m2) was also administered on day 1 of every 21‐day cycle. After two cycles of chemotherapy, a radical hysterectomy was performed. Until 6 weeks after the surgery, three to five cycles of the regimen were added as adjuvant chemotherapy. The primary endpoint was the 2‐year relapse‐free survival rate. The response rates and toxicities were evaluated as secondary endpoints.ResultsThirty‐two patients from seven institutions were enrolled in this study. The median age was 48 years (range 25–75 years). The average follow‐up period was 37.8 months (15–71 months). Twenty‐three patients completed the regimen as planned. The objective response rate (complete response + partial response) for the neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimen was 81.2%. The 2‐year and 5‐year relapse‐free‐survival rates were 87.5% and 78.8%, respectively. The incidence of grade 3/4 neutropenia was 6.3% and 34.4% during neoadjuvant and adjuvant treatment, respectively. All other toxicities were well tolerated.ConclusionOur treatment showed efficacy and tolerability for patients with locally advanced, bulky stage IB2‐IIB cervical cancer. This suggests that treatment has the potential to improve the prognosis compared to concurrent chemo‐radiotherapy.
Accounting for Divorce in Marital Research: An Application to Growth Mixture Modeling
Authors: Kanter Jeremy B. , Proulx Christine M. , Monk J. Kale 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe goal of this study was to understand the implications of omitting versus retaining individuals known to eventually divorce in the longitudinal modeling of marital quality trajectories.BackgroundChange in marital quality has been the focus of basic and applied research as well as policy initiatives for the past several decades. Scholars have used group‐based modeling techniques to better understand how enduring marriages develop over time. Previous studies, however, have not directly examined the implications of including versus excluding individuals who go on to divorce for shape or number of identified marital development trajectories.MethodThe present study used growth mixture modeling and the Marital Instability over the Life Course data set to examine patterns of marital happiness. Analyses were first conducted only on continuously married men (n = 269) and women (n = 438). Identical analytic procedures were then used with combined samples of those who were continuously married plus those who eventually divorced (n = 358 men; n = 588 women).ResultsThe results indicated that retaining those who go on to divorce increased the number of classes reported and changed the composition of class membership and patterning of marital quality over time for both men and women.ConclusionThe study concludes with a recommended three‐step procedure for modeling marital change when samples include individuals who divorce following a baseline assessment.
Designing social action: The impact of reflexivity on practice
Authors: Caetano Ana 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe main goal of this article is to analyse the relationship between reflexivity and action along three axes. The first entails the discussion of a reflexive action model that explores the combination of factors, processes and mechanisms which explain the guiding role reflexivity can play with regard to practices, in specific circumstances. The second axis concerns situations in which reflexivity does not act as an orientation mechanism and may even have the opposite effect, as a source of disorientation and paralysis of practices. The third relates to the production of social change and reproduction that may arise from the exercise of reflexivity. The whole discussion points to the mediation role that reflexivity assumes in the relationship between structure and agency, i.e. in the way structural enablements and constraints are received, filtered and mobilised by subjects in the subjective definition and reflexive implementation of their personal projects.
Intracranial pressure monitoring in normal dogs using subdural and intraparenchymal miniature strain‐gauge transducers
Authors: Sturges Beverly K. , Dickinson Peter J. , Tripp Linda D. , Udaltsova Irina , LeCouteur Richard A. 
Published: December 2018

BackgroundMonitoring of intracranial pressure (ICP) is a critical component in the management of intracranial hypertension. Safety, efficacy, and optimal location of microsensor devices have not been defined in dogs.Hypothesis/ObjectiveAssessment of ICP using a microsensor transducer is feasible in anesthetized and conscious animals and is independent of transducer location. Intraparenchymal transducer placement is associated with more adverse effects.AnimalsSeven adult, bred‐for‐research dogs.MethodsIn a prospective investigational study, microsensor ICP transducers were inserted into subdural and intraparenchymal locations at defined rostral or caudal locations within the rostrotentorial compartment under general anesthesia. Mean arterial pressure and ICP were measured continuously during physiological maneuvers, and for 20 hours after anesthesia.ResultsBaseline mean ± SD values for ICP and cerebral perfusion pressure were 7.2 ± 2.3 and 78.9 ± 7.6 mm Hg, respectively. Catheter position did not have a significant effect on ICP measurements. There was significant variation from baseline ICP accompanying physiological maneuvers (P < .001) and with normal activities, especially with changes in head position (P < .001). Pathological sequelae were more evident after intraparenchymal versus subdural placement.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceUse of a microsensor ICP transducer was technically straightforward and provided ICP measurements within previously reported reference ranges. Results support the use of an accessible dorsal location and subdural positioning. Transient fluctuations in ICP are normal events in conscious dogs and large variations associated with head position should be accounted for when evaluating animals with intracranial hypertension.
Identification of a metallothionein gene in honey bee Apis mellifera and its expression profile in response to Cd, Cu and Pb exposure
Authors: Purać Jelena , Nikolić Tatjana V. , Kojić Danijela , Ćelić Anđelka S. , Plavša Jovana J. , Blagojević Duško P. , Petri Edward T. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractMetallothioneins are ubiquitous proteins important in metal homeostasis and detoxification. However, they have not previously been identified in honey bees or other Hymenoptera, where metallothioneins could be of ecophysiological and ecotoxicological significance. Better understanding of the molecular responses to stress induced by toxic metals could contribute to honey bee conservation. In addition, honey bee metallothionein could represent a biomarker for monitoring environmental quality. Here we identify and characterize a metallothionein gene in Apis mellifera (AmMT). AmMT is 1,680 bp long and encodes a 48 amino acids protein with 15 cysteines and no aromatic residues. A metal response element upstream of the start codon, coupled with numerous cis‐regulatory elements indicate the functional context of AmMT. Molecular modelling predicts several transition metal binding sites, and comparative phylogenetic analysis revealed five putative metallothionein proteins in three other hymenoptera species. AmMT was characterized by cloning the full‐length coding sequence of the putative metallothionein. Recombinant AmMT was found to increase metal tolerance upon overexpression in Escherichia coli supplemented with Cd, Cu or Pb. Finally, in laboratory tests on honey bees, gene expression profiles showed a dose‐dependant relationship between Cd, Cu and Pb concentrations present in food and AmMT expression, while field experiments showed induction of AmMT in bees from an industrial site compared to those from an urban area. These studies suggest that AmMT has metal binding properties in agreement with a possible role in metal homeostasis. Further functional and structural characterization of metallothionein in honey bees and other Hymenoptera are necessary.
The effect of screen advertising on children's dietary intake: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Russell Simon J. , Croker Helen , Viner Russell M. 
Published: December 2018

SummaryEvidence indicates that screen advertising for unhealthy food results in significant increases in dietary intake among children. This review was undertaken with the main aim of estimating the quantitative effect of screen advertising in experimental and nonexperimental conditions on children's dietary intake.Systematic searches were undertaken of interdisciplinary databases. Studies from 1980 to April 2018, all geography and languages, were included; participants were children and adolescents aged between 2 and 18 years; the intervention was screen advertising; and the outcome was dietary intake. Meta‐analyses were conducted for measured and nonmeasured outcomes.Food advertising was found to increase dietary intake among children (age range 2‐14, mean 8.8 years) in experimental conditions for television (TV) advertising and advergames. Meta‐analysis revealed that children exposed to food advertising on TV (11 studies) and advergames (five studies) respectively consumed an average 60.0 kcal (95% confidence interval [CI], 3.1‐116.9) and 53.2 kcal (95% CI, 31.5‐74.9) more than children exposed to nonfood advertising. There was also an effect by body mass index (BMI). Findings from nonexperimental studies revealed that exposure to TV food advertising was positively associated with and predictive of dietary intake in children.Short‐term exposure to unhealthy food advertising on TV and advergames increases immediate calorie consumption in children.
Validation of the Rotterdam Elderly Pain Observation Scale in the Hospital Setting
Authors: Boerlage Anneke A. , van Rosmalen Joost , Cheuk‐Alam‐Balrak Juanita M. , Goudzwaard Jeannette A. , Tibboel Dick , van Dijk Monique 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe Rotterdam Elderly Pain Observation Scale (REPOS) has been proven useful to assess pain in noncommunicative and cognitively impaired nursing home residents. We evaluated whether the REPOS is also reliable and valid for pain assessment in the hospital setting.MethodsIn this prospective multicenter observational study, surgical patients were observed perioperatively at bedside and internal medicine patients were filmed during a possible painful moment and at rest. Pain behavior was assessed from the video recordings with the REPOS and the Pain Assessment Checklist for seniors with Severe Dementia—Dutch language (PACSLAC‐D). Longitudinal associations between REPOS score and numeric rating scale pain ratings from observers and nurses (NRSobs and NRSproxy) corrected for patients’ gender were assessed with linear mixed models.ResultsIn total, 72 patients were included; 118 observations of surgical and 68 observations of internal medicine patients were analyzed. Interobserver reliability between the researcher and 2 other observers was good, with Cohen's kappa values of 0.71 (confidence interval [CI] 0.59 to 0.83) and 0.84 (CI 0.74 to 0.94), respectively. The intraobserver reliability of the principal investigator was good, with Cohen's kappa 0.82 (CI 0.67 to 0.91). Linear mixed modeling revealed correlation values between the REPOS and NRSobs of 0.67 and the REPOS and NRSproxy of 0.73. Optimal sensitivity (78%) and specificity (90%) for the detection of pain were found with a REPOS cutoff score of ≥3, using an NRS score of ≥4 as the reference value.ConclusionsThe REPOS is reliable and valid for the assessment of postoperative and chronic pain in hospital patients who cannot self‐report pain.
A large nested association mapping population for breeding and quantitative trait locus mapping in Ethiopian durum wheat
Authors: Kidane Yosef G. , Gesesse Cherinet A. , Hailemariam Bogale N. , Desta Ermias A. , Mengistu Dejene K. , Fadda Carlo , Pè Mario Enrico , Dell'Acqua Matteo 
Published: December 2018

SummaryThe Ethiopian plateau hosts thousands of durum wheat (Triticum turgidum subsp. durum) farmer varieties (FV) with high adaptability and breeding potential. To harness their unique allelic diversity, we produced a large nested association mapping (NAM) population intercrossing fifty Ethiopian FVs with an international elite durum wheat variety (Asassa). The Ethiopian NAM population (EtNAM) is composed of fifty interconnected bi‐parental families, totalling 6280 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) that represent both a powerful quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping tool, and a large pre‐breeding panel. Here, we discuss the molecular and phenotypic diversity of the EtNAM founder lines, then we use an array featuring 13 000 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to characterize a subset of 1200 EtNAM RILs from 12 families. Finally, we test the usefulness of the population by mapping phenology traits and plant height using a genome wide association (GWA) approach. EtNAM RILs showed high allelic variation and a genetic makeup combining genetic diversity from Ethiopian FVs with the international durum wheat allele pool. EtNAM SNP data were projected on the fully sequenced AB genome of wild emmer wheat, and were used to estimate pairwise linkage disequilibrium (LD) measures that reported an LD decay distance of 7.4 Mb on average, and balanced founder contributions across EtNAM families. GWA analyses identified 11 genomic loci individually affecting up to 3 days in flowering time and more than 1.6 cm in height. We argue that the EtNAM is a powerful tool to support the production of new durum wheat varieties targeting local and global agriculture.
Volume‐targeted pressure support and automatic EPAP for chronic hypoventilation syndromes: An advance in‐home ventilation or just more noise?
Authors: McArdle Nigel 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACTEarly in the history of non‐invasive ventilation (NIV) for disorders of hypoventilation, treatment was provided by volume‐limited (VL) devices. Currently, NIV is commonly provided by pressure‐limited (PL) devices because of greater portability, lower cost and studies showing increased patient comfort. There are now volume‐targeted (VT) devices, which aim to combine the advantages of more stable ventilation associated with VL and greater comfort of PL mode. VT devices automatically adjust pressure support, within a defined range, to target a preset level of ventilation. This review focuses on current evidence, as provided by clinical randomized controlled trial (RCT) data, for the effectiveness of VT devices. The RCT data have significant methodological limitations, including lack of study blinding, recruitment of patients who are not naïve to NIV and failure to optimize PL settings with recent polysomnography (PSG) titration. However, the data broadly show that VT has similar short‐term clinical outcomes to standard PL mode with regard to measures of nocturnal and daytime ventilation and sleep quality. The literature has not clearly identified if there are subgroups that benefit from VT. Recently, automatic expiratory positive airway pressure (AutoEPAP) algorithms, which aim to automatically control the upper airway during sleep, have been added to VT devices which may obviate the need for PSG to manually titrate EPAP. VT mode has the potential to reduce reliance on PSG and so save on healthcare costs; however, to date, a clear benefit of VT over PL NIV has not been demonstrated.
Health‐related quality of life in peritoneal dialysis patients: A narrative review
Authors: Aguiar Rute , Pei Ming , Qureshi Abdul Rashid , Lindholm Bengt 
Published: December 2018

AbstractHealth‐related quality of life (HRQOL) is an important aspect of patients´ health that should be an integral part of the evaluation of patient‐centered outcomes, not least because HRQOL associates with patients´ morbidity and mortality. This applies also to chronic kidney disease patients, including those dependent on renal replacement therapies, the type of which may influence patients´ perception of HRQOL. Several studies have addressed HRQOL in chronic kidney disease patients undergoing renal replacement therapies, especially transplanted patients and hemodialysis patients, while publications concerning peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients are scarcer. This review describes some of the methods used to assess HRQOL, factors influencing HRQOL in PD patients, HRQOL in PD vs hemodialysis, and the relation between HRQOL and patient outcomes. We conclude that assessment of HRQOL–often neglected at present–should be included as a standard measure of patient‐centered outcomes and when monitoring the quality and effectiveness of renal care including PD treatment.
Behavioral and Imaging Studies of Infant Artificial Grammar Learning
Authors: Gervain Judit , de la Cruz‐Pavía Irene , Gerken LouAnn 
Published: December 2018

AbstractArtificial grammar learning (AGL) paradigms have proven to be productive and useful to investigate how young infants break into the grammar of their native language(s). The question of when infants first show the ability to learn abstract grammatical rules has been central to theoretical debates about the innate vs. learned nature of grammar. The presence of this ability early in development, that is, before considerable experience with language, has been argued to provide evidence for a biologically endowed ability to acquire language. Artificial grammar learning tasks also allow infant populations to be readily compared with adults and non‐human animals. Artificial grammar learning paradigms with infants have been used to investigate a number of linguistic phenomena and learning tasks, from word segmentation to phonotactics and morphosyntax. In this review, we focus on AGL studies testing infants’ ability to learn grammatical/structural properties of language. Specifically, we discuss the results of AGL studies focusing on repetition‐based regularities, the categorization of functors, adjacent and non‐adjacent dependencies, and word order. We discuss the implications of the results for a general theory of language acquisition, and we outline some of the open questions and challenges.
The Flatland Fallacy: Moving Beyond Low–Dimensional Thinking
Authors: Jolly Eshin , Chang Luke J. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractPsychology is a complicated science. It has no general axioms or mathematical proofs, is rarely directly observable, and is the only discipline in which the subject matter (i.e., human psychological phenomena) is also the tool of investigation. Like the Flatlanders in Edwin Abbot's famous short story (), we may be led to believe that the parsimony offered by our low‐dimensional theories reflects the reality of a much higher‐dimensional problem. Here we contend that this “Flatland fallacy” leads us to seek out simplified explanations of complex phenomena, limiting our capacity as scientists to build and communicate useful models of human psychology. We suggest that this fallacy can be overcome through (a) the use of quantitative models, which force researchers to formalize their theories to overcome this fallacy, and (b) improved quantitative training, which can build new norms for conducting psychological research.
Epidemiology of taeniosis, cysticercosis and trichinellosis in Iran: A systematic review
Authors: Moazeni Mohammad , Khamesipour Faham , Anyona Douglas N. , Dida Gabriel O. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this review was to establish the current epidemiology of taeniosis, cysticercosis and trichinellosis among humans and animals in Iran by carrying out a comprehensive assessment of published articles reporting on these foodborne zoonotic diseases across the country.MethodsThe Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) guideline was used in the search for relevant published articles reporting on cysticercosis, taeniosis and trichinellosis in Iran using a number of appropriate key words. The search was conducted through PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, SpringerLink, SCOPUS, WHOLIS, FAO and CDC. Published scientific articles including journals, books and book chapters reporting on cysticercosis, taeniosis and trichinellosis in Iran for the period between 1967 and 2018 were selected.ResultsA total of 37 articles met the search criteria and were incorporated in this review. Of these, 10 (27%) reported on human taeniosis, 15 (40.5%) on cysticercosis (10 on Taenia saginata and five on Taenia spp. cysticercosis) and 12 (32.5%) on trichinellosis. T. saginata was implicated in all human taeniosis cases. All Taenia spp. cysticercosis cases were reported among domesticated pigs and wild animals. A case of neurocysticercosis was reported in a male patient at Shohada Hospital in Tehran. Eleven (91.7%) of the 12 studies reported on trichinellosis among wild animals, while one (8.3%) study detected anti‐Trichinella IgG in 8 (2.2%) of the 364 at‐risk human beings tested. Nevertheless, most of these studies were carried out in northern Iran.ConclusionThis review found T. saginata to be the most prevalent and of greater economic and public health significance in Iran. However, T. solium and Trichinella spp. were of little significance to human health. More studies should focus on other regions besides northern Iran.