bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Bio‐Based Allylphenol (Eugenol)‐Functionalized Fluorinated Maleimide with Low Dielectric Constant and Low Water Uptake
Authors: Fang Linxuan , Zhou Junfeng , Wang Jiajia , Sun Jing , Fang Qiang 
Published: September 2018

AbstractA bio‐based allylphenol (eugenol)‐functionalized fluoro‐containing maleimide derived from easily available cyanuric chloride is synthesized, and it is thermally transformed to a cross‐linked polymer. It is found that the polymer displays a 5% weight loss temperature of up to 413 °C, a glass transition temperature (T
g) of up to 274 °C, and a thermal expansion coefficient (CTE) of 66.21 ppm °C−1 varying from 50 to 300 °C. The polymer is also found to exhibit lower water uptake (1.06%) than commercial 4,4′‐bismaleimidodiphenylmethane (BMI) resins (3%) and allyl‐modified bismaleimides (4.5%). This polymer is also found to indicate good dielectric properties with a dielectric constant (D
k) of below 2.9 and a dissipation factor (D
f) of less than 7 × 10−3 for frequencies varying from 40 Hz to 25 MHz. It is reported that, compared to the commercial BMI with CTE of 77.85 ppm °C−1 and D
k of 3.50, this eugenol‐functionalized fluoro‐containing maleimide possesses good properties, suggesting that this new maleimide has potential application in the microelectronic industry.
Strong in combination: Polyphasic approach enhances arguments for cold‐assigned cyanobacterial endemism
Authors: Jung Patrick , Briegel‐Williams Laura , Schermer Michael , Büdel Burkhard 
Published: September 2018

AbstractCyanobacteria of biological soil crusts (BSCs) represent an important part of circumpolar and Alpine ecosystems, serve as indicators for ecological condition and climate change, and function as ecosystem engineers by soil stabilization or carbon and nitrogen input. The characterization of cyanobacteria from both polar regions remains extremely important to understand geographic distribution patterns and community compositions. This study is the first of its kind revealing the efficiency of combining denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), light microscopy and culture‐based 16S rRNA gene sequencing, applied to polar and Alpine cyanobacteria dominated BSCs. This study aimed to show the living proportion of cyanobacteria as an extension to previously published meta‐transcriptome data of the same study sites. Molecular fingerprints showed a distinct clustering of cyanobacterial communities with a close relationship between Arctic and Alpine populations, which differed from those found in Antarctica. Species richness and diversity supported these results, which were also confirmed by microscopic investigations of living cyanobacteria from the BSCs. Isolate‐based sequencing corroborated these trends as cold biome clades were assigned, which included a potentially new Arctic clade of Oculatella. Thus, our results contribute to the debate regarding biogeography of cyanobacteria of cold biomes.
Separating fetal and maternal placenta circulations using multiparametric MRI
Authors: Melbourne Andrew , Aughwane Rosalind , Sokolska Magdalena , Owen David , Kendall Giles , Flouri Dimitra , Bainbridge Alan , Atkinson David , Deprest Jan , Vercauteren Tom , David Anna , Ourselin Sebastien 
Published: September 2018

PurposeThe placenta is a vital organ for the exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and waste products between fetus and mother. The placenta may suffer from several pathologies, which affect this fetal‐maternal exchange, thus the flow properties of the placenta are of interest in determining the course of pregnancy. In this work, we propose a new multiparametric model for placental tissue signal in MRI.MethodsWe describe a method that separates fetal and maternal flow characteristics of the placenta using a 3‐compartment model comprising fast and slowly circulating fluid pools, and a tissue pool is fitted to overlapping multiecho T2 relaxometry and diffusion MRI with low b‐values. We implemented the combined model and acquisition on a standard 1.5 Tesla clinical system with acquisition taking less than 20 minutes.ResultsWe apply this combined acquisition in 6 control singleton placentas. Mean myometrial T2 relaxation time was 123.63 (±6.71) ms. Mean T2 relaxation time of maternal blood was 202.17 (±92.98) ms. In the placenta, mean T2 relaxation time of the fetal blood component was 144.89 (±54.42) ms. Mean ratio of maternal to fetal blood volume was 1.16 (±0.6), and mean fetal blood saturation was 72.93 (±20.11)% across all 6 cases.ConclusionThe novel acquisition in this work allows the measurement of histologically relevant physical parameters, such as the relative proportions of vascular spaces. In the placenta, this may help us to better understand the physiological properties of the tissue in disease.
External Validation of Equations that Use Demographic and Anthropometric Measurements to Predict Percent Body Fat
Authors: Reynolds K. R. , Stevens J. , Cai J. , Lewis C. E. , Choh A. C. , Czerwinski S. A. 
Published: September 2018

SummaryObjectiveNumerous equation to predict percent body fat using demographics and anthropometrics have been published but external validation of these equations is limited. The objective of this study was to validate published equations that use anthropometrics for prediction of percent body fat using external data.MethodsData were from the Visceral Fat, Metabolic Rate, and Coronary Heart Disease Risk I (VIM I) Study and the Fels Longitudinal Study (Fels). VIM I was conducted in a subset of subjects from the CARDIA study and included black and white adults 28–40 years (n = 392). Fels consisted of white participants 8–88 years (n = 1,044). Percent body fat assessed by dual X‐ray absorptiometry (DXA) in these two studies was compared to results calculated using 13 equations from Stevens et al. and nine other published equations.ResultsIn general, the Stevens equations performed better than equations from other studies. For example, equation “I“ in women in VIM I, Fels adults, and Fels youth, R2 estimates were 0.765, 0.757 and 0.789, respectively. In men the estimates were 0.702 in VIM I, 0.822 in Fels adults and 0.905 in Fels youth. None of the results from the nine published equations showed R2 this high in corresponding groups.ConclusionsOur results indicate that several of the Stevens equations have external validity superior to that of nine other published equations among varying age groups, genders and races.
Synthesis and characterization of isoprene polymers with polar groups via reversible addition‐fragmentation chain‐transfer polymerization
Authors: Contreras‐López David , Fuentes‐Ramírez Rosalba , Albores‐Velasco Martha , de los Santos‐Villarreal Gladys , Saldívar‐Guerra Enrique 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACTHomo and copolymerization of isoprene (IP) with small amounts (1% wt) of glycidyl methacrylate) were conducted using the reversible addition‐fragmentation chain‐transfer process (RAFT) at 125 °C in a solution polymerization process using toluene as solvent. Suitable reaction conditions to avoid Diels–Alder dimerization of IP and crosslinking were determined; and 4‐cyano‐4‐[(dodecylsulfanylthiocarbonyl)sulfanyl] pentanoic acid was found to be the best transfer agent among those tested. Theoretical calculations were used to understand why some RAFT agents work better than others in these polymerizations. Molecular weights Mn higher than 100,000 Da were reached by successive chain extension experiments, confirming the livingness of the intermediate polymers. All the successful polymerizations yielded average molar masses (Mn) of about 75% compared to the theoretical Mn (Mn,theo) depending on the agent used for control. The dispersity (Ð) ranged from 1.20 to 1.70 being a function of the control agent. The polymers were characterized by FTIR spectroscopy, 1H NMR, and gel permeation chromatography. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2018, 56, 2463–2474
Predictive factors of treatment adherence in cancer outpatients
Authors: Lima Manuela Polidoro , Machado Wagner de Lara , Irigaray Tatiana Quarti 
Published: September 2018

AbstractObjectiveIdentify which variables are predictors of treatment adherence in cancer patients.MethodsTwo hundred twenty cancer outpatients were evaluated by the following instruments: questionnaire on sociodemographic and clinical data, NEO‐FFI Personality Inventory Revised (NEO‐FFI‐R), Multidimensional Health Locus of Control (MHLC) scale, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), patient's knowledge about cancer disease questionnaire, and Adherence Determinants Questionnaire (ADQ). A logistic regression analysis was applied to verify the predictive power of the variables, and network analyses were conducted through the qgraph package.ResultsThe sample was composed of 138 (62.7%) women and 82 (37.3%) men. The mean age of participants was 54.66 (SD = 13.30), and the education level mean was 8.32 (DP = 3.76) years of study. Powerful others locus of control (LOC) and the personality factors conscientiousness and agreeableness are presented as predictors of high treatment adherence. The variable family cancer history, on the other hand, was a predictor of lower adherence levels.ConclusionsThe powerful others LOC may be connected with more trust and dependence in the health team, leading to better adherence. Specific characteristics of personality factors can help individuals to cooperate with their caregivers and to follow medical orders. The evaluated factors are interrelated and should be taken into account by health professionals when developing interventions to modify health‐related behaviors and treatment adherence.
“Creating a family after battling cancer is exhausting and maddening”: Exploring real‐world experiences of young adult cancer survivors seeking financial assistance for family building after treatment
Authors: Benedict Catherine , McLeggon Jody‐Ann , Thom Bridgette , Kelvin Joanne F. , Landwehr Michelle , Watson Samantha , Ford Jennifer S. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractObjectiveYoung adult (YA) cancer survivors who received gonadotoxic therapy are at risk for impaired fertility and/or childbearing difficulties. This study explored the experiences and financial concerns of survivors pursuing family building through assisted reproductive technology (ART) and adoption.MethodsRetrospective study of data collected from grant applications for financial assistance with family building. Grounded theory methodology using an inductive data‐driven approach guided qualitative data analysis.ResultsParticipants (N = 46) averaged 32 years old (SD = 3.4) were primarily female (81%) and married/partnered (83%). Four main themes were identified representing the (1) emotional experiences and (2) financial barriers to family building after cancer, (3) perceived impact on partners, and (4) disrupted life trajectory. Negative emotions were pervasive but were balanced with hope and optimism that parenthood would be achieved. Still, the combination of high ART/adoption costs, the financial impact of cancer, and limited sources for support caused extreme financial stress. Further, in the face of these high costs, many survivors reported worry and guilt about burdening partners, particularly as couples failed to meet personal and societal expectations for parenthood timelines.ConclusionAfter cancer, YAs face numerous psychosocial and financial difficulties in their pursuits of family building when ART/adoption is needed to achieve parenthood. Survivors interested in future children may benefit from follow‐up fertility counseling post‐treatment including discussion of ART options, surrogacy, and adoption, as appropriate, and potential barriers. Planning for the financial cost and burden in particular may help to avoid or mitigate financial stress later on.
Photo‐Thermo‐Refractive Glasses Doped with Silver Molecular Clusters as Luminescence Downshifting Material for Photovoltaic Applications
Authors: Sgibnev Yevgeniy , Cattaruzza Elti , Dubrovin Victor , Vasilyev Vladimir , Nikonorov Nikolay 
Published: September 2018

AbstractSilver nanostructures, including molecular clusters and plasmonic nanoparticles, attract much attention due to their unique optical properties and potential applications in various fields. Glasses doped with silver molecular clusters are known to possess bright luminescence under UV excitation, which opens up prospects of using the glasses as solar spectral converters to overcome poor spectral response for most of photovoltaic cells in the short‐wavelength region. In this study, silver molecular clusters are formed in photo‐thermo‐refractive glass matrix both by UV irradiation and by Na+↔Ag+ion exchange and optically characterized. Photo‐thermo‐refractive glasses doped with silver molecular clusters, independently on silver introduction method, are shown to demonstrate broad absorption in the UV, intense white emission under excitation at 360 nm, and high photoluminescence quantum yield that meet requirements for luminescence downshifting materials. Despite this, only photo‐thermo‐refractive glass with silver molecular clusters uniformly distributed in the glass volume enhances the output power of a silicon photovoltaic cell, thus showing the potential for future application of photo‐thermo‐refractive glasses in photovoltaics, particularly in case of further experiments.
Robotic single‐site myomectomy: A single‐center experience of 101 consecutive cases
Authors: Kim Miseon , Kim Mi Kyoung , Kim Mi‐La , Jung Yong Wook , Yun Bo Seong , Seong Seok Ju 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackgroundTo evaluate the feasibility and clinical outcomes of robotic single‐site myomectomy (RSSM) for uterine myoma.MethodsMedical records of 101 consecutive women who underwent RSSM were retrospectively reviewed, and patient characteristics and surgical outcomes were evaluated. The surgical outcomes were compared by the phase in learning curve (early phase of <10 cases vs late phase of ≥10 cases) and time flow.ResultsA total of 47 (46.5%) women had multiple myomas, and a median two (1‐12) myomas were retrieved. The largest myoma was averagely measured as 6.2 ± 1.7 cm, and the mean weight of the total retrieved myomas was 114.0 ± 84.4 g. No patients received a transfusion or had operation‐related complications. Cases in the late phase showed shorter port placement time and docking time than those in the early phase.ConclusionsOur data suggest that robotic single‐site surgery is a feasible therapeutic option for uterine myoma.
Nonsmooth feedback stabilization of a class of nonlinear systems with unknown control direction and time delay
Authors: Rattanamongkhonkun K. , Pongvuthithum R. , Lin Wei 
Published: September 2018

SummaryThe problem of global stabilization by nonsmooth state feedback is investigated for a family of time‐delay nonlinear systems with unknown control direction. Using the idea of the Nussbaum function from universal control, we present a delay‐free, nonsmooth dynamic state feedback strategy to achieve asymptotic state regulation with boundedness of the closed‐loop system. The proposed control scheme allows one to design a set of Lyapunov‐Krasovskii functionals and nonsmooth dynamic compensators simultaneously, by the technique of adding a power integrator. It is shown that while the effects of unknown control direction can be mitigated by the Nussbaum‐type gains, the strong nonlinearity with time delay can be effectively dealt with by nonsmooth state feedback controllers whose gains are updated dynamically.
Secretome of Undifferentiated Neural Progenitor Cells Induces Histological and Motor Improvements in a Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Mendes-Pinheiro Bárbara , Teixeira Fábio G. , Anjo Sandra I. , Manadas Bruno , Behie Leo A. , Salgado António J. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative movement disorder that results from the death of dopamine (DA) neurons. Over recent years, differentiated or undifferentiated neural stem cells (NSCs) transplantation has been widely used as a means of cell replacement therapy. However, compelling evidence has brought attention to the array of bioactive molecules produced by stem cells, defined as secretome. As described in the literature, other cell populations have a high-neurotrophic activity, but little is known about NSCs. Moreover, the exploration of the stem cell secretome is only in its initial stages, particularly as applied to neurodegenerative diseases. Thus, we have characterized the secretome of human neural progenitor cells (hNPCs) through proteomic analysis and investigated its effects in a 6-hydroxidopamine (6-OHDA) rat model of PD in comparison with undifferentiated hNPCs transplantation. Results revealed that the injection of hNPCs secretome potentiated the histological recovery of DA neurons when compared to the untreated group 6-OHDA and those transplanted with cells (hNPCs), thereby supporting the functional motor amelioration of 6-OHDA PD animals. Additionally, hNPCs secretome proteomic characterization has revealed that these cells have the capacity to secrete a wide range of important molecules with neuroregulatory actions, which are most likely support the effects observed. Overall, we have concluded that the use of hNPCs secretome partially modulate DA neurons cell survival and ameliorate PD animals’ motor deficits, disclosing improved results when compared to cell transplantation approaches, indicating that the secretome itself could represent a route for new therapeutic options for PD regenerative medicine.
Anchimerically Assisted Cleavage of Aryl Methyl Ethers by Aluminum Chloride‐Sodium Iodide in Acetonitrile
Authors: Sang Dayong , Tu Xiaodong , Tian Juan , He Zhoujun , Yao Ming 
Published: September 2018

AbstractA practical method is developed for the cleavage of catechol monomethyl ethers and o‐carbonylphenyl methyl ethers using aluminum chloride and sodium iodide in acetonitrile. Acid scavengers such as 1,3‐diisopropylcarbodiimide and CaO are used to prevent acid‐labile functional groups from side‐reactions. This method is efficient for the deprotection of various o‐hydroxyphenyl methyl ethers such as acetovanillone, eugenol, guaiacol, vanillin, isovanillin and ortho‐vanillin. The AlCl3‐NaI system is less efficient than AlI3 for the cleavage of other typical aryl alkyl ethers without a neighboring hydroxyl or carbonyl group, or for the removal of bulkier alkyl groups from catechol monoalkyl ethers. This procedure represents a convenient approach for the preparation of catechols.
Increased non‐family ownership in family‐owned firms: How does it affect CEO turnover‐performance sensitivity?
Authors: Li Shuping 
Published: September 2018

Research Summary: This article investigates the impact of the increase in non‐family ownership in family‐owned firms on CEO turnover‐performance sensitivity. Longitudinal analyses based on 717 family‐owned Taiwanese public firms from 1997 to 2011 demonstrate a positive relationship between CEO turnover and poor firm financial performance (or CEO turnover‐performance sensitivity). This positive relationship is stronger when non‐family ownership is higher in the firms. Further, the positive effect of non‐family ownership on CEO turnover‐performance sensitivity is stronger when the lack of governance transparency or a higher deviation between control rights and cash flow rights enables entrenchment of families. The study contributes to the family business literature while also exploring the implications of corporate governance, particularly on CEO turnover.
Managerial Summary: Corporate control in many economies, including emerging markets, has gradually transitioned from a family‐dominated structure to one with substantial non‐family ownership. How does the increase of non‐family ownership influence the monitoring effectiveness in family‐owned firms? To address this question, this study assesses the impact of non‐family ownership on CEO turnover‐performance sensitivity and its boundary conditions among 717 family‐owned firms in Taiwan from 1997 to 2011. The findings show that CEO turnover‐performance sensitivity increases with non‐family ownership, especially in firms with weak governance conditions. The study highlights the key role of non‐family owners for the best corporate governance design.
A Critical Review on Superoxide‐Based Sodium–Oxygen Batteries
Authors: Bi Xuanxuan , Wang Rongyue , Amine Khalil , Lu Jun 
Published: September 2018

AbstractSodium superoxide (NaO2) based sodium–oxygen batteries (Na‐O2) possess high theoretical energy density and high energy efficiency that can be an alternative energy storage device to lithium‐ion batteries. However, the state‐of‐the‐art sodium–oxygen batteries are still far from real application due to the limited understanding of the cell chemistry and reaction mechanism. This article reviews the recent advances on NaO2‐based Na‐O2 batteries, especially focusing on the reaction mechanism and the stability of NaO2. The parasitic reactions from the highly active NaO2 are discussed. It is hoped this provides insightful understanding on the mechanism and the role of the discharge product in Na‐O2 batteries.
Reliability of postfire surveys for eastern box turtles
Authors: Melvin Tracy A. , Roloff Gary J. 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACTLand managers generally assume that postfire surveys conducted by fire personnel are effective at quantifying mortality or injury of box turtles (Terrapene spp.) because individuals should be readily observable in burned areas. Box turtle surveys conducted by humans in unburned habitats can be ineffective, yet little information exists on the efficacy of postfire surveys. We quantified detection probability of eastern box turtles (Terrapene carolina carolina) shortly after a prescribed fire in southwestern Michigan, USA, during May 2015. Immediately prior to a May (growing season) fire, we confirmed that 7 adult box turtles fitted with radiotransmitters occupied the proposed burn area. Two days after the burn we reconfirmed turtle locations and subsequently conducted 6 independent visual‐encounter surveys through 2 burned areas (0.75 and 1.0 ha) that contained telemetered turtles. For these 12 surveys, we found that average detection probability per survey was low (0.11, SE = 0.09) and highly variable among observers (range = 0.00–0.50). We found that individual turtles directly exposed to fire remained buried for up to 12 hr after the fire was extinguished and were thus unavailable for detection immediately after the burn. Further confounding postfire survey results, buried turtles rapidly moved to unburned areas after emerging from their subterranean refugia. Our results suggested that typical visual‐encounter surveys conducted for eastern box turtles after prescribed burning do not accurately reflect occupancy status or fire‐caused mortality. © 2018 The Wildlife Society.