bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Three embassies, one courtyard: formal play in the work of Guillermo Jullian de la Fuente
Authors: Fracalossi Igor 
Published: October 2018

[…] only those who play are serious types […] the mountain climbers, the rugby players and the card players, and the gamblers, are all frauds, for they do not play […] (L-C) […] to my friend Jullian, questing to redefine his rules […] who has now begun to play […].—Bob Slutzky, 1978This article approaches three architectural facts, three works of architecture: three embassies designed by the same architect. They are the centre and horizon of the article and its goal is to make explicit the architectural processes, strategies, and decisions of conceiving and designing them. Therefore, this article gives words to things above all, while citing one or two insightful ideas from other authors. Its immanent verbs are to show and to reveal. Through dense descriptions and critical redrawings, this article seeks to prove that the creative design process of Guillermo Jullian de la Fuente is a continuous one, which can be seen through a deep examination of his buildings’ courtyards, the apparently empty residual useless spaces. The idea of courtyard is what gives purpose to Jullian's whole design process. Jullian's game is to decide their formal characteristics through a series of abstract matrices of lines and patches. In his design process, every step and every work is a possibility for evolution, variation, or disruption. There are no intellectual causes behind these foral studies but a set of creative decisions. This article also tries to show when and where those decisions occur. It seeks to contribute to the practice of design research.
Sex-specific correlation of IGFBP-2 and IGFBP-3 with vitamin D status in adults with obesity: a cross-sectional serum proteomics study
Authors: Al-Daghri Nasser M. , Manousopoulou Antigoni , Alokail Majed S. , Yakout Sobhy , Alenad Amal , Garay-Baquero Diana J. , Fotopoulos Miltiadis , Teng Jie , Al-Attas Omar , Al-Saleh Yousef , Sabico Shaun , Chrousos George P. , Garbis Spiros D. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Objective
Subjects with low vitamin D levels are at risk of cardiometabolic disease. The aim of this study was to identify novel serological markers linking vitamin D status with cardiometabolic profile in non-diabetic adults with obesity.

Methods
For the discovery phase, we used quantitative serum proteomics in sex-matched, age-matched and BMI-matched subjects with obesity [BMI: 25–35 kg/m2] and low [25(OH)D < 50 nmol/L] vs. high vitamin D status [25(OH)D > 50 nmol/L] (n = 16). For the validation phase, we performed ELISA in a larger cohort with similar characteristics (n = 179).

Results
We identified 423 and 549 differentially expressed proteins in the high vs. low vitamin D groups of the male and female cohorts, respectively. The small molecule biochemistry protein networks and the glycolysis|gluconeogenesis pathway were significantly enriched in the DEPs of both sexes. As surrogate markers to these processes, the insulin-like growth factor binding protein -2 (IGFBP-2) was upregulated in males, whereas IGFBP-3 was upregulated in females from the high Vitamin D status. This sex-specific trend was confirmed using Luminex ELISA to an independent but clinically analogous cohort of males (n = 84, p = 0.002) and females (n = 95, p = 0.03).

Conclusions
The high Vitamin D status correlated with the serological upregulation of IGFBP-2 in males and IGFBP-3 in females with obesity and may constitute surrogate markers of risk reduction of cardiometabolic disease.
MicroRNA-transcription factor network analysis reveals miRNAs cooperatively suppress RORA in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Zheng Xueqing , Wu Kejing , Liao Shengjie , Pan Yuemei , Sun Yanan , Chen Xinming , Zhang Yi , Xia Shu , Hu Yaying , Zhang Jiali 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) represents over 90% of oral cancer incidence, while its mechanisms of tumorigenesis remain poorly characterized. In this study, we applied RNA-seq and microRNA-seq methodologies in four pairs of cancer and adjacent normal tissues to profile the contribution of miRNAs to tumorigenesis-altered functional pathways by constructing a comprehensive miRNA-mediated mRNA regulatory network. There were 213 differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs and 2172 DE mRNAs with the involvement of negative miRNA-mRNA interactions identified by at least two pairs of cancerous tissues. GO analysis revealed that the upregulated microRNAs significantly contributed to a global down-regulation of a number of transcription factors (TFs) in OSCC. Among the negative regulatory networks between the selected miRNAs (133) and TFs (167), circadian rhythm genes (RORA, RORB, RORC, and CLOCK) simultaneously regulated by multiple microRNAs were of particular interest. For instance, RORA transcript was predicted to be targeted by 25 co-upregulated miRNAs, of which, miR-503-5p, miR-450b-5p, miR-27a-3p, miR-181a-5p and miR-183-5p were further validated to directly target RORA, resulting in a stronger effect on RORA suppression together. In addition, we showed that the mRNA and protein expression levels of RORα were significantly decreased in most OSCC samples, associated with advanced clinical stage and poor prognosis. RORα significantly suppressed the proliferation of OSCC cells in vitro and in vivo. Attenuated RORα decreased p53 protein expression and suppressed p53 phosphorylation activity. Altogether, our results strongly suggest the importance of the role of miRNAs in regulating the activity of circadian rhythm-related TFs network during OSCC tumorigenesis, and provide further clues to understand the clinical link between circadian rhythm and cancer therapy.
Altered cerebral benzodiazepine receptor binding in post-traumatic stress disorder
Authors: Reuveni Inbal , Nugent Allison C. , Gill Jessica , Vythilingam Meena , Carlson Paul J. , Lerner Alicja , Neumeister Alexander , Charney Dennis S. , Drevets Wayne C. , Bonne Omer 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAgonists of the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) type A benzodiazepine (BZD) receptor exert anxiolytic effects in anxiety disorders, raising the possibility that altered GABA-ergic function may play a role in the pathophysiology of anxiety disorders, such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, few neuroimaging studies have assessed the function or binding potential of the central GABAA BZD receptor system in PTSD. Therefore, our aim was to compare the BZD receptor binding potential between PTSD patients and healthy controls. Twelve medication-free participants with a current diagnosis of PTSD and 15 matched healthy controls underwent positron emission tomography (PET) imaging using [11C] flumazenil. Structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were obtained and co-registered to the PET images to permit co-location of neuroanatomical structures in the lower resolution PET image data. Compared to healthy controls, PTSD patients exhibited increased BZD binding in the caudal anterior cingulate cortex and precuneus (p’s < 0.05). Severity of PTSD symptoms positively correlated with BZD binding in the left mid- and anterior insular cortices. This study extends previous findings by suggesting that central BZD receptor system involvement in PTSD includes portions of the default mode and salience networks, along with insular regions that support interoception and autonomic arousal.
Procaspase-3-activating compound 1 stabilizes hypoxia-inducible factor 1α and induces DNA damage by sequestering ferrous iron
Authors: Li Feifei , Wei Aili , Bu Lijuan , Long Long , Chen Wei , Wang Chen , Zhao Changqi , Wang Lili 
Published: October 2018

AbstractProcaspase-3-activating compound 1 (PAC-1) induces procaspase-3 activation via zinc chelation. However, whether PAC-1 employs other mechanisms remains unknown. Here we systematically screened for potent PAC-1 targets using 29 enhanced green fluorescent protein-labeled reporter cell lines and identified hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) and RAD51 pathways as PAC-1 targets. These results were verified in HepG2 cells and two other cancer cell lines. Mechanistically, PAC-1 specifically blocked HIF1α hydroxylation and upregulated HIF1α target genes. In addition, DNA damage, G1/S cell cycle arrest, and the inhibition of DNA synthesis were induced following PAC-1 administration. Interestingly, by using ferrozine-iron sequestration and iron titration assays, we uncovered the iron sequestering capacity of PAC-1. Additionally, the expression levels of iron shortage-related genes were also increased in PAC-1-treated cells, and iron (II) supplementation reversed all of the observed cellular responses. Thus, our results indicate that PAC-1 induces HIF1α stabilization and DNA damage by sequestering ferrous iron.
Maintenance of human haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells in vitro using a chemical cocktail
Authors: Jiang Mengmeng , Chen Haide , Lai Shujing , Wang Renying , Qiu Yunfei , Ye Fang , Fei Lijiang , Sun Huiyu , Xu Yang , Jiang Xinyi , Zhou Ziming , Zhang Tingyue , Li Yanwei , Xie Jin , Fang Qun , Gale Robert Peter , Han Xiaoping , Huang He , Guo Guoji 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIdentification of effective culture conditions to maintain and possibly expand human HSPCs in vitro is an important goal. Recent advances highlight the efficacy of chemicals in maintaining and converting cell fates. We screened 186 chemicals and found that a combination of CHIR-99021, Forskolin and OAC1 (CFO) maintained human CD34-positive cells in vitro. Efficiency of the culture system was characterized using flow cytometry for CD34-positive cells, a colony-forming assay and xeno-transplants. We found that human CD34-positive cells treated with this combination had enhanced expression of human HSPC markers and increased haematopoietic re-populating ability in immune-deficient mice. Single-cell RNA-seq analyses showed that the in vitro cultured human CD34-positive cells were heterogeneous. We found that CFO supports maintenance of human CD34-positive cells by activating HOXA9, GATA2 and AKT-cAMP signaling pathway. These data have implications in therapies requiring maintenance and/or expansion of human HSPCs.
Electrically reconfigurable terahertz signal processing devices using liquid metal components
Authors: Reichel Kimberly S. , Lozada-Smith Nicolas , Joshipura Ishan D. , Ma Jianjun , Shrestha Rabi , Mendis Rajind , Dickey Michael D. , Mittleman Daniel M. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractMany applications of terahertz (THz) technology require the ability to actively manipulate a free space THz beam. Yet, although there have been many reports on the development of devices for THz signal processing, few of these include the possibility of electrical control of the functionality, and novel ideas are needed for active and reconfigurable THz devices. Here, we introduce a new approach, based on the integration of electrically actuated liquid metal components in THz waveguides. This versatile platform offers many possibilities for control of THz spectral content, wave fron"ts, polarization, and power flow. We demonstrate two illustrative examples: the first active power-splitting switch, and the first channel add–drop filter. We show that both of these devices can be used to electrically switch THz communication signals while preserving the information in a high bit-rate-modulated data stream.
Low threshold and efficient multiple exciton generation in halide perovskite nanocrystals
Authors: Li Mingjie , Begum Raihana , Fu Jianhui , Xu Qiang , Koh Teck Ming , Veldhuis Sjoerd A. , Grätzel Michael , Mathews Nripan , Mhaisalkar Subodh , Sum Tze Chien 
Published: October 2018

AbstractMultiple exciton generation (MEG) or carrier multiplication, a process that spawns two or more electron–hole pairs from an absorbed high-energy photon (larger than two times bandgap energy Eg), is a promising way to augment the photocurrent and overcome the Shockley–Queisser limit. Conventional semiconductor nanocrystals, the forerunners, face severe challenges from fast hot-carrier cooling. Perovskite nanocrystals possess an intrinsic phonon bottleneck that prolongs slow hot-carrier cooling, transcending these limitations. Herein, we demonstrate enhanced MEG with 2.25Eg threshold and 75% slope efficiency in intermediate-confined colloidal formamidinium lead iodide nanocrystals, surpassing those in strongly confined lead sulfide or lead selenide incumbents. Efficient MEG occurs via inverse Auger process within 90 fs, afforded by the slow cooling of energetic hot carriers. These nanocrystals circumvent the conundrum over enhanced Coulombic coupling and reduced density of states in strongly confined nanocrystals. These insights may lead to the realization of next generation of solar cells and efficient optoelectronic devices.
Efficient carrier multiplication in CsPbI3 perovskite nanocrystals
Authors: de Weerd Chris , Gomez Leyre , Capretti Antonio , Lebrun Delphine M. , Matsubara Eiichi , Lin Junhao , Ashida Masaaki , Spoor Frank C. M. , Siebbeles Laurens D. A. , Houtepen Arjan J. , Suenaga Kazutomo , Fujiwara Yasufumi , Gregorkiewicz Tom 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe all-inorganic perovskite nanocrystals are currently in the research spotlight owing to their physical stability and superior optical properties—these features make them interesting for optoelectronic and photovoltaic applications. Here, we report on the observation of highly efficient carrier multiplication in colloidal CsPbI3 nanocrystals prepared by a hot-injection method. The carrier multiplication process counteracts thermalization of hot carriers and as such provides the potential to increase the conversion efficiency of solar cells. We demonstrate that carrier multiplication commences at the threshold excitation energy near the energy conservation limit of twice the band gap, and has step-like characteristics with an extremely high quantum yield of up to 98%. Using ultrahigh temporal resolution, we show that carrier multiplication induces a longer build-up of the free carrier concentration, thus providing important insights into the physical mechanism responsible for this phenomenon. The evidence is obtained using three independent experimental approaches, and is conclusive.
Structural insights on TRPV5 gating by endogenous modulators
Authors: Hughes Taylor E. T. , Pumroy Ruth A. , Yazici Aysenur Torun , Kasimova Marina A. , Fluck Edwin C. , Huynh Kevin W. , Samanta Amrita , Molugu Sudheer K. , Zhou Z. Hong , Carnevale Vincenzo , Rohacs Tibor , Moiseenkova-Bell Vera Y. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractTRPV5 is a transient receptor potential channel involved in calcium reabsorption. Here we investigate the interaction of two endogenous modulators with TRPV5. Both phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P2) and calmodulin (CaM) have been shown to directly bind to TRPV5 and activate or inactivate the channel, respectively. Using cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM), we determined TRPV5 structures in the presence of dioctanoyl PI(4,5)P2 and CaM. The PI(4,5)P2 structure reveals a binding site between the N-linker, S4-S5 linker and S6 helix of TRPV5. These interactions with PI(4,5)P2 induce conformational rearrangements in the lower gate, opening the channel. The CaM structure reveals two TRPV5 C-terminal peptides anchoring a single CaM molecule and that calcium inhibition is mediated through a cation-π interaction between Lys116 on the C-lobe of calcium-activated CaM and Trp583 at the intracellular gate of TRPV5. Overall, this investigation provides insight into the endogenous modulation of TRPV5, which has the potential to guide drug discovery.
A non-randomised controlled pilot study of clinical pharmacist collaborative intervention for community dwelling patients with COPD
Authors: Hunt Vicki , Anderson Dave , Lowrie Richard , Montgomery Sardar Colette , Ballantyne Susan , Bryson Graeme , Kyle John , Hanlon Peter 
Published: October 2018

AbstractUK, home-based patients with COPD receive specialist care from respiratory physicians, nurses, and general practitioners (GPs), but increasing complexity of therapeutic options and a GP/Nurse workforce crisis suggests merit in testing the role of home visits by a clinical pharmacist. We conducted a non-randomised intervention study with a contemporaneous comparator group, in Glasgow (Scotland). A clinical pharmacist (working closely with a consultant respiratory physician) visited patients with COPD living at home, assessing respiratory and other co-morbid conditions, and medicines then, with patient approval, agreed treatment modifications with a consultant physician. Comparator group-patients were drawn from another hospital out-patient clinic. Main outcomes were exacerbations during 4-months of follow-up and respiratory hospitalisations (number and duration) after 1 year. In the intervention group, 86 patients received a median of three home visits; 87 received usual care (UC). At baseline, patients in the intervention group were similar to those in UC in terms of respiratory hospitalisations although slightly younger, more likely to receive specific maintenance antibiotics/Prednisolone and to have had exacerbations. Sixty-two (72.1%) of the intervention group received dose changes; 45 (52.3%) had medicines stopped/started and 21 (24.4%) received an expedited review at the specialist respiratory consultant clinic; 46 (53.5%) were referred to other healthcare services. Over one-third were referred for bone scans and 11% received additional investigations. At follow-up, 54 (63.5%) of intervention group participants had an exacerbation compared with 75 (86.2%) in the UC group (p = 0.001); fewer had respiratory hospitalisations (39 (45.3%) vs. 66 (76.7%); p < 0.001). Hospitalisations were shorter in the intervention group. Pharmacist-consultant care for community dwelling patients with COPD, changed clinical management and improved outcomes. A randomised controlled trial would establish causality.
Exams at classroom have bidirectional effects on the long-term memory of an unrelated graphical task
Authors: Lopes da Cunha P. , Ramirez Butavand D. , Chisari L. B. , Ballarini F. , Viola H. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe influence of a given event on long-term memory formation of another one has been a relevant topic of study in the neuroscience field in recent years. Students at school learn contents which are usually tested in exam format. However, exam elevates the arousal state of the students acting as a mild stressor that could influence another memory formation ongoing process. Thus, in this study we examine in high school students the effect of exams on long-term retention of unrelated information, learned at different times before or after the exams. Our results show that exams are not innocuous and that they could improve or reduce the retention of temporarily associated content. These effects did not show gender differences. Our findings should alert teachers about the side effects of exams on the learning of other content within the same school day.
Genome-wide expression profiling of glioblastoma using a large combined cohort
Authors: Tang Jing , He Dian , Yang Pingrong , He Junquan , Zhang Yang 
Published: October 2018

AbstractGlioblastomas (GBMs), are the most common intrinsic brain tumors in adults and are almost universally fatal. Despite the progresses made in surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation over the past decades, the prognosis of patients with GBM remained poor and the average survival time of patients suffering from GBM was still short. Discovering robust gene signatures toward better understanding of the complex molecular mechanisms leading to GBM is an important prerequisite to the identification of novel and more effective therapeutic strategies. Herein, a comprehensive study of genome-scale mRNA expression data by combining GBM and normal tissue samples from 48 studies was performed. The 147 robust gene signatures were identified to be significantly differential expression between GBM and normal samples, among which 100 (68%) genes were reported to be closely associated with GBM in previous publications. Moreover, function annotation analysis based on these 147 robust DEGs showed certain deregulated gene expression programs (e.g., cell cycle, immune response and p53 signaling pathway) were associated with GBM development, and PPI network analysis revealed three novel hub genes (RFC4, ZWINT and TYMS) play important role in GBM development. Furthermore, survival analysis based on the TCGA GBM data demonstrated 38 robust DEGs significantly affect the prognosis of GBM in OS (p < 0.05). These findings provided new insights into molecular mechanisms underlying GBM and suggested the 38 robust DEGs could be potential targets for the diagnosis and treatment.
Non-uniform Excitation States in Photoinduced Deformation of Amorphous Carbon Nitride Films
Authors: Aono Masami , Harata Tomo , Kitazawa Nobuaki , Abe Hiroshi , Ishii Shingo , Sato Yohei , Terauchi Masami 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAmorphous carbon nitride (a-CNx) films prepared via reactive radio frequency magnetron sputtering deform under on–off visible light illumination. We investigate the relationship between photoinduced deformation and surface electrical states via scanning electron microscopy with Ar+ laser irradiation (SEM-L). Two samples with different levels of photoinduced deformation are prepared. For the film with small photoinduced deformation, uniform secondary electron emission is observed on the film surface, regardless of whether the laser is on or off. On the a-CNx film, which has fifty times larger photoinduced deformation than the previous film, light and dark patches, similar to a speckle pattern, appear on the film surface in SEM-L images. This anomalous phenomenon indicates non-uniformity of the electrical states excited by laser light irradiation. A size of the patches is well correlated with an inhomogeneous distribution of sp3C and sp2C, Isp3C/Isp2C, obtained using soft X-ray emission spectroscopy (SXES). Simultaneously, temporal decrease in the sp3C component under illumination is obtained via SXES.
Evaluation of the thermal aging of δ-ferrite in austenitic stainless steel welds by electrochemical analysis
Authors: Obulan Subramanian Gokul , Kong Byeong Seo , Lee Ho Jung , Jang Changheui 
Published: October 2018

AbstractCr-segregation by spinodal decomposition and G-phase precipitation were observed in δ-ferrite of austenitic stainless steel welds thermally aged at 400 °C for up to 20,000 h. A reversion heat treatment (R-HT) at 550 °C for 1 h dissolved the Cr-segregation in the aged welds while some intermetallic precipitates were present. The double-loop electrochemical potentiokinetic reactivation (DL-EPR) analysis showed no significant differences among them. However, after selective etching of the austenite phase, the DL-EPR values of δ-ferrite phase steadily increased with aging time due to the growth of Cr-depleted regions by spinodal decomposition. The electrochemical behavior of δ-ferrite after R-HT condition was similar to that of unaged welds, indicating the intermetallic precipitates did not affect the corrosion resistance in this case. Overall, DL-EPR analysis of δ-ferrite phase provided better correlation with spinodal decomposition.