bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ventricular mechanics in adolescent and adult patients with a Fontan circulation: Relation to geometry and wall stress
Authors: Rösner Assami , Khalapyan Tigran , Pedrosa João , Dalen Håvard , McElhinney Doff B. , Friedberg Mark K. , Lui George K. 
Published: October 2018

BackgroundPatients with single ventricle physiology and Fontan circulation are at increased risk for late complications and reduced survival. The aim of the study was to investigate the correlation between ventricular geometry and systolic regional function in different underlying anatomic conditions in adolescent and adult Fontan‐palliated patients.MethodIn a retrospective cross‐sectional study, we measured 2D strain, ventricular diameters, ventricular volumes, ejection fraction (EF), global and segmental wall stress, and sphericity index. The same analyses were performed in 99 age‐ and gender‐matched healthy individuals.ResultsOne hundred and one patients were included at a mean age of 21 (range 14–59) years. In comparison with healthy subjects, patients with Fontan circulation displayed larger ventricular volumes (153 ± 78 mL vs 116 ± 38 mL P < 0.05), reduced EF (43% ± 15% vs 55% ± 8% P < 0.05), reduced longitudinal (−13% ± 6% vs −21% ± 4% P < 0.05) and circumferential strain values (−15% ± 7% vs −22% ± 4% P < 0.05). Functionally single ventricles were more spherical (ratio of longitudinal to short‐axis diameters 1.3 ± 0.3 vs 1.7 ± 0.2 P < 0.05). Circumferential strain correlated well with global wall stress and the degree of sphericity (R2 = 0.320), while segmental strain did not correlate with segmental wall stress. The percentage of segments with akinesia was relatively high (16 ± 16% vs 0 ± 0% P < 0.05) indicating reduced segmental contractile function.ConclusionFunctionally single ventricles after Fontan palliation have significantly reduced systolic regional and global function with a high intersegmental inhomogeneity. The underlying pathological mechanisms might be multifactorial, including ventricular geometry, sphericity, and regional contractile properties. Future studies are needed to investigate the role of ventricular geometry for clinical performance and outcome.
Income from nutrition and oral health management among long‐term care insurance facilities in Niigata Prefecture, Japan
Authors: Kishimoto Natsuki , Stegaroiu Roxana , Shibata Satoko , Otsuka Hiromi , Ohuchi Akitsugu 
Published: October 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo determine recent insurance claim rates for, facility income from, and the roles of professionals associated with management of nutrition, oral ingestion and oral health maintenance in long‐term care insurance facilities (LTCIFs) in Niigata Prefecture.MethodsA questionnaire on current staffing, oral health professional (OHP) utilisation, and claims for insured benefits for the investigated services was mailed to all LTCIFs in Niigata Prefecture, Japan (n = 304). Claim rates for and average facility income from these benefits were calculated. Facility income was compared between facilities with and without employed OHPs. Statistically significant factors associated with claims for investigated benefits were identified by logistic regression.ResultsResponses from 111 facilities indicated that they made insurance claims for nutrition management (95%), transition from tube feeding to oral ingestion (9%), basic maintenance of oral ingestion (39%), additional services for maintenance of oral ingestion (23%), oral health management system (68%), and oral health management (17%). Most facilities established collaborations with private dental clinics, but only 16% of facilities employed OHPs. Facility income was significantly higher (P = 0.005) for facilities that employed OHPs. OHP employment by facilities was associated with claims for four of the six benefits (P < 0.05).ConclusionsMost facilities consulted with private dental clinics, and 16% of the facilities employed dentists or dental hygienists to help residents manage oral ingestion problems and oral health maintenance. The facility income associated with management of these problems was significantly higher in facilities employing dental professionals.
Adoption: A Strategy to Fulfill Sex Preferences of U.S. Parents
Authors: Larsen Gibby Ashley , Thomas Kevin J. A. 
Published: October 2018

Objective: This article examines adoption as a strategy used by parents in the United States to fulfill their preference for a specific sex composition among their children.Background: Evidence from the United States suggests that parents with children of the same sex are more likely to continue childbearing, as parents generally desire at least one girl and one boy. What is unknown, however, is whether parents use adoption to fulfill this same preference.Method: Using data from the 2016 American Community Survey (n = 1,107,800 children), the authors test the relationships among the sex composition of preceding siblings, child sex, and adoption status.Results: Children who had same‐sex preceding siblings were more likely to be adopted, as opposed to biologically related to their parents, than children who had mixed‐sex preceding siblings. Furthermore, adopted children were more likely to be of the missing sex (i.e., adopted girls were more likely than were adopted boys to have only preceding brothers).Conclusion: These findings suggest a need to consider parental sex preferences and child sex in studies on adoption decisions. Furthermore, the results point to adoption as an additional mechanism parents can use to achieve a balanced sex composition among their children.
Interproximal Open Contacts Between Implant Restorations and Adjacent Teeth. Prevalence – Causes – Possible Solutions
Authors: Varthis Spyridon , Tarnow Dennis P. , Randi Anthony 
Published: October 2018

AbstractPurposeTo present the prevalence and contributing factors of interproximal contact loss (ICL) between implant restorations and adjacent teeth, and to provide recommendations for possible prevention and treatment of this complication.Materials and MethodsThe authors explored the dental literature on PubMed on ICL between implants and adjacent teeth, interproximal contacts, open contacts, teeth migration causes, facial bone formation, and facial bone changes.ResultsICL between fixed implant prostheses and adjacent teeth has been reported. A literature search revealed 7 studies showing a high prevalence of ICL between implant prostheses and adjacent teeth. The literature indicates that this ICL is greater in the mesial aspect in comparison with the distal. As identified by the literature review, ICL in the maxilla ranged between 18% and 66% versus 37% to 54% in the mandible. ICL might occur as early as 3 months after prosthetic treatment. The literature review documented possible tooth migration causes, crown‐related causes, and bone formation/growth‐related causes of ICL.ConclusionsICL is a common multifactorial implant complication. The clinical condition will dictate if the implant crown needs to be modified/replaced or the natural tooth needs to be restored to reestablish interproximal contact between an implant prosthesis and adjacent tooth. Periodic evaluations of interproximal contacts between implant restorations and the adjacent teeth and the use of screw‐retained restorations due to ease of removal is recommended to diagnose and mitigate the problem. An orthodontic retainer or occlusal guard may help prevent ICL between the implant restoration and the adjacent tooth.
A New Device to Prevent Aspiration or Swallowing of Implant Screwdrivers
Authors: Appelbaum Marc 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe screwdriver harness is potentially a life‐saving device. It allows the clinician to work intraorally with a handheld screwdriver without the concern of unintentionally losing contact with the driver, risking the possibility of aspiration or swallowing by the patient.
Lexicon development for the sensory description of rye bread
Authors: Tran Thao , James Meetha Nesam , Chambers Delores , Koppel Kadri , Chambers Edgar 
Published: October 2018

AbstractRye bread constitutes a major part of the Northern European cuisine and is known for its flavor versatility. Due to the large flavor difference between rye bread from Northern Europe and the United States, this study was designed to develop and evaluate a lexicon which acts as a tool for understanding the flavor profile of rye bread consumed in the United States and Northern Europe. A highly trained panel developed, defined, and referenced a lexicon with 28 flavor attributes using a consensus descriptive analysis method with 32 Northern European and U.S rye bread. The lexicon was tested with 18 representative samples. The data were analyzed using correlation analysis, principal component analysis, and cluster analysis. The results confirmed the high versatility in flavor among rye breads and revealed clear differences between Northern European rye breads and the U.S rye breads. Northen European rye bread flavor was spread over a wider flavor range than the U.S. products, and scored higher in sweet, overall grain, bran, and rye than U.S. rye breads.Practical applicationsThe development of this lexicon for rye bread can help researchers to better understand the flavor profile of rye bread and support manufacturers in differentiating their products from competitors as well as improving existing products on the market.
Response regulator VemR regulates the transcription of flagellar rod gene flgG by interacting with σ54 factor RpoN2 in Xanthomonas citri ssp. citri
Authors: Wu Wei , Zhao Zhiwen , Luo Xuming , Fan Xiaojing , Zhuo Tao , Hu Xun , Liu Jun , Zou Huasong 
Published: October 2018

SummaryXanthomonas citri ssp. citri, a polar flagellated bacterium, causes citrus canker disease worldwide. In this study, we found that the X. citri ssp. citri response regulator VemR plays a regulatory role in flagellum‐derived cell motility. Deletion of the vemR gene resulted in a reduction in cell motility, as well as reductions in virulence and exopolysaccharide production. Reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) demonstrated that vemR is transcribed in an operon together with rpoN2 and fleQ. In the vemR mutant, the flagellar distal rod gene flgG was significantly down‐regulated. Because flgG is also rpoN2 dependent, we speculated that VemR and RpoN2 physically interact, which was confirmed by yeast two‐hybrid and maltose‐binding protein (MBP) pull‐down assays. This suggested that the transcription of flgG is synergistically controlled by VemR and RpoN2. To confirm this, we constructed a vemR and rpoN2 double mutant. In this mutant, the reductions in cell motility and flgG transcription were unable to be restored by the expression of either vemR or rpoN2 alone. In contrast, the expression of both vemR and rpoN2 together in the double mutant restored the wild‐type phenotype. Together, our data demonstrate that the response regulator VemR functions as an RpoN2 cognate activator to positively regulate the transcription of the rod gene flgG in X. citri ssp. citri.
The effect of external shocks on Iran's oil economy: a BVAR‐DSGE approach
Authors: Esmailipour Masouleh Elham , Shirinbakhsh Masouleh Shamsolah , Ebrahimi Ilnaz 
Published: October 2018

AbstractGiven the economy's high dependence on oil revenues as well as oil's influential role in the government's budget, we seek to examine the impact of oil revenue shocks on Iran's economy by means of a DSGE‐BVAR model. To capture the intrinsic features of Iran's economy, we allow for a higher level of rigidity for government current spending as oil revenues play an integral role in public budget allocation to current and construction spending. As oil accounts for a high percentage of Iran's currency revenue, we take it as the sole source of export income. We identify technology shocks, oil revenue shocks, exchange rate shocks and money supply shocks as the main sources of business cycle fluctuations. After estimating the model with quarterly data over the period 1369:1–1392:4, the analysis of impulse response functions indicate that production and inflation responses to shocks confirm factual data and the relevant theories. In response to monetary and oil shocks, output rises in the short term while it falls as a result of a surge in the general price level. Exchange rate shock generates a decrease in output but it increases in the long run gaining support from better investment. Moreover, positive monetary, currency and oil shocks generate an increase in inflation while technology shocks induce a decrease in inflation.
Fantasia on a Harpsichord Case: The Allegorische Voorstelling van Amsterdam als Centrum van de Wereldhandel of Pieter Isaacsz
Authors: Chan Eleanor 
Published: October 2018

AbstractLost for many years, the Amsterdam city harpsichord case (alias the Allegorische Voorstelling van Amsterdam) was ultimately identified in an auction in 1999 by its distinctive representation of the sky. The Allegorische Voorstelling is often taken to depict the successes of the Dutch East India Company, and thus seen predominantly as a colonial work. However, this reading suppresses the context of the case’s creation and the way in which it interacts with both the intellectual and musical culture of its time. It is a musical instrument, not simply a panel painting: it has sonic resonance. In this period, the senses were important cognitive tools. As a result, the sonic context of the Allegorische Voorstelling would have been far more resonant, and far more perceptible, to its original viewers than it is to twenty‐first century viewers. This article seeks to demonstrate the value of examining the Allegorische Voorstelling with full appreciation of what music and hearing meant for cognition reveals a subtler, undercurrent to its territorial statement than first appears.
Peritoneal dialysis has optimal intradialytic hemodynamics and preserves residual renal function: Why isn't it better than hemodialysis?
Authors: Selby Nicholas M. , Kazmi Isma 
Published: October 2018

AbstractRates of cardiovascular mortality are disproportionately high in patients with end stage kidney disease receiving dialysis. However, it is now generally accepted that patient survival is broadly equivalent between the two most frequently used forms of dialysis, in‐center hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD). This equivalent patient survival is notable when considering how specific aspects of HD have been shown to contribute to morbidity and mortality. These include more rapid loss of residual renal function (RRF), HD‐induced myocardial and cerebral ischemia, and risk factors associated with the intermittent delivery of HD. Potential mechanisms specific to PD that may drive cardiovascular disease include the metabolic consequences of excessive absorption of glucose and glucose degradation products (GDPs), inadequate volume control, and high rates of hypokalemia. The aim of this review is to compare and contrast the different drivers of adverse outcomes between the dialysis modalities, as greater understanding of this may help in patient‐centered decision‐making when considering options for renal replacement therapy.
Photometric screens identified Arabidopsis peroxisome proteins that impact photosynthesis under dynamic light conditions
Authors: Li Jiying , Tietz Stefanie , Cruz Jeffrey A. , Strand Deserah D. , Xu Ye , Chen Jin , Kramer David M. , Hu Jianping 
Published: October 2018

SummaryPlant peroxisomes function collaboratively with other subcellular organelles, such as chloroplasts and mitochondria, in several metabolic processes. To comprehensively investigate the impact of peroxisomal function on photosynthesis, especially under conditions that are more relevant to natural environments, a systematic screen of over 150 Arabidopsis mutants of genes encoding peroxisomal proteins was conducted using the automated Dynamic Environment Photosynthesis Imager (DEPI). Dynamic and high‐light (HL) conditions triggered significant photosynthetic defects in a subset of the mutants, including those of photorespiration (PR) and other peroxisomal processes, some of which may also be related to PR. Further analysis of the PR mutants revealed activation of cyclic electron flow (CEF) around photosystem I and higher accumulation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) under HL conditions. We hypothesize that impaired PR disturbs the balance of ATP and NADPH, leading to the accumulation of H2O2 that activates CEF to produce ATP to compensate for the imbalance of reducing equivalents. The identification of peroxisomal mutants involved in PR and other peroxisomal functions in the photometric screen will enable further investigation of regulatory links between photosynthesis and PR and interorganellar interaction at the mechanistic level.
High body mass index in children with sickle cell disease: a retrospective single-centre audit
Authors: Hall Rachael , Gardner Kate , Rees David C , Chakravorty Subarna 
Published: October 2018

ObjectiveTo assess the prevalence of high body mass index (BMI) in children with sickle cell disease and assess correlation between BMI and disease severity.DesignRetrospective chart review followed by statistical analysis.SettingA single tertiary paediatric clinic in inner city London.PatientsAll patients with sickle cell disease, including homozygous haemoglobin (HbSS) and compound heterozygous Hb (HbSC), age 2–18 years receiving clinical care at the centre, were included in the study.InterventionsHeight and weight measurements, steady-state laboratory blood tests, hospital admission rates, adjunct therapy such as hydroxycarbamide or blood transfusions and obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) data were obtained from the hospital electronic patient records.Main outcome measuresTo study the prevalence of high BMI and to identify any correlation between BMI and disease severity.Results385 patients were included. 64 children (17%) were overweight or obese, of which a significantly higher number of children with HbSC were obese or overweight (23 out of 91, 25%) compared with those with HbSS (36 out of 273, 13%), p≤0.001. No correlation was found between high BMI and presence of OSA, and markers of disease severity such as admission rates, fetal haemoglobin or lactate dehydrogenase levels.ConclusionsHigh BMI did not correlate with disease severity in this cohort of patients with sickle cell disease. Obesity was more prevalent in females and those with HbSC. Further prospective studies are needed to determine long-term effects of BMI in disease severity and outcome.
Assessment of the performance of blood glucose monitoring systems for monitoring dysglycaemia in neonatal patients
Authors: Ba Yin , Xu Jin , Yuan Lin , Zhu Haiyan , Yang Yipei , Lam Mei Mei , Zhang Shulian , Xiao Mili , Xu Jiayin , Zhang Rong , Chen Chao 
Published: October 2018

ObjectiveTo validate a three-step protocol that assesses the clinical risk associated with using blood glucose monitoring systems (BGMS) in neonates for the management of dysglycaemia.MethodThe three-step validation approach included confirmation of the accuracy of the reference method using National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) glucose standards, assessment of analytical risk performed on whole blood collected from paediatric patients routinely tested for glucose and a clinical risk assessment performed using heel stick capillary samples collected from 147 new-born babies and neonates admitted to intensive care. BGMS glucose measurements were compared with the NIST aligned laboratory reference method.ResultsThe accuracy of the laboratory reference method was confirmed with the NIST standards. Specificity studies demonstrated that the accuracy of one of the BGMS was affected, particularly, in the hypoglycaemic range, by known interference factors including haematocrit, ascorbic acid, lactose, galactose, N-acetylcysteine and glutathione. The accuracy of the other BGMS was unaffected. The clinical performance of this BGMS in neonates met the system accuracy criteria of Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) POCT 12-A3 standard for evaluating hospital BGMS with 95.1% of glucose measurements within±0.67 mmol/L for samples ≤5.55 mmol/L and 95.6% within±12.5% for samples>5.55 mmol/L.ConclusionsThis three-step validation protocol provides a challenging approach for determining the accuracy and reliability of BGMS for managing dysglycaemia in neonates. StatStrip BGMS achieved analytical and clinical performance criteria confirming its suitability for use in neonates. We advocate that this validation approach should be considered for performance evaluations of both BGMS and continuous glucose monitoring systems going forward.
Chemoresistant pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma: whole exome sequencing reveals underlying cancer predisposition and therapeutic options
Authors: Tlemsani Camille , Leroy Karen , Gimenez-Roqueplo Anne-Paule , Mansuet-Lupo Audrey , Pasmant Eric , Larousserie Frederique , Boudou-Rouquette Pascaline , Vidaud Michel , Cadranel Jacques , Blons Helene , Goldwasser Francois , Laurent-Puig Pierre 
Published: October 2018

BackgroundRhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is rare cancer affecting children and adults. Pleomorphic RMS histology is almost exclusive to adult patients and often resistant to chemotherapy.ObjectiveWe report the case of a 19-year-old patient who presented with a metastatic chemoresistant pleomorphic RMS.MethodsConsidering the poor prognosis and the few systemic therapeutic options, we decided to carry out a whole exome sequencing (WES) of the tumour and germline DNA.ResultsWES identified a germline variation (c.1863_1864insT) in the MLH1 gene corresponding to a pathogenic mutation: (p. Leu622Serfs*10), whereas the family history did not fit with classical criteria for Lynch syndrome. Loss-of-heterozygosity at MLH1 locus was found in the tumour. Immunohistochemistry showed loss of MLH1 and PMS2 nuclear expression in the tumour cells. In view of the mismatch repair defects and a high programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression (60% of tumour cells expressed PD-L1), we administrated an anti-PD-1 antibody to the patient. He achieved a rapid complete response of the lung metastases, which appears sustained after a 1-year follow-up.ConclusionThis observation of an RMS revealing an unexpected Lynch syndrome underlines the overlap between tumorous and germline molecular genetics and emphasises the major impact of cancer genomic medicine in clinical practice for guiding treatment decision.