bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tridegin, a Novel Peptidic Inhibitor of Factor XIIIa from the Leech, Haementeria ghilianii, Enhances Fibrinolysis In Vitro
Authors: Seale Lisa , Finney Sarah , Sawyer Roy T , Wallis Robert B 
Published: July 2018

SummaryTridegin is a potent inhibitor of factor Xllla from the leech, Haementeria ghilianii, which inhibits protein cross-linking. It modifies plasmin-mediated fibrin degradation as shown by the absence of D-dimer and approximately halves the time for fibrinolysis. Plasma clots formed in the presence of Tridegin lyse more rapidly when either streptokinase, tissue plasminogen activator or hementin is added 2 h after clot formation. The effect of Tridegin is markedly increased if clots are formed from platelet-rich plasma. Platelet-rich plasma clots are lysed much more slowly by the fibrinolytic enzymes used and if Tridegin is present, the rate of lysis returns almost to that of platelet- free clots. These studies indicate the important role of platelets in conferring resistance to commonly used fibrinolytic enzymes and suggest that protein cross-linking is an important step in this effect. Moreover they indicate that Tridegin, a small polypeptide, may have potential as an adjunct to thrombolytic therapy.
Oxidative Stress and Polymorphism in MTHFR SNPs (677 and 1298) in Paternal Sperm DNA is Associated with an Increased Risk of Retinoblastoma in Their Children: A Case–Control Study
Authors: Bisht Shilpa , Chawla Bhavna , Dada Rima 
Published: July 2018

AbstractSperm DNA is considered as the most vulnerable to oxidative stress-induced damage that also impairs global sperm DNA methylation leading to sperm-associated pathologies. C677T and A1298C polymorphisms of the methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene affect MTHFR enzyme activity. This study was planned as a case–control study to determine the MTHFR gene polymorphisms in the fathers of children affected with sporadic nonfamilial heritable retinoblastoma in an Indian population. MTHFR polymorphisms for single nucleotide polymorphisms 677 and 1298 were also determined in sporadic nonfamilial heritable retinoblastoma patients to estimate the risk for retinoblastoma development and to evaluate the role of MTHFR in retinoblastoma pathogenesis.
A geometric invariant of 6-dimensional subspaces of 4×4 matrices
Authors: Chirvasitu Alex , Smith S. , Vancliff Michaela 
Published: July 2018

Let

R
R

denote a 6-dimensional subspace of the ring

M
4

(
k
)

M_4(\Bbbk )

of

4
×
4

4 \times 4

matrices over an algebraically closed field

k
\Bbbk

. Fix a vector space isomorphism

M
4

(
k
)
≅

k
4

⊗

k
4

M_4(\Bbbk ) \cong \Bbbk ^4 \otimes \Bbbk ^4

. We associate to

R
R

a closed subscheme

X

R

{\mathbf X}_R

of the Grassmannian of 2-dimensional subspaces of

k
4

\Bbbk ^4

, where the reduced subscheme of

X

R

{\mathbf X}_R

is the set of 2-dimensional subspaces

Q
⊆

k
4

Q \subseteq \Bbbk ^4

such that

(
Q
⊗

k
4

)
∩
R
≠
{
0
}

(Q \otimes \Bbbk ^4) \cap R \ne \{ 0\}

. Our main result is that if

X

R

{\mathbf X}_R

has minimal dimension (namely, one), then its degree is 20 when it is viewed as a subscheme of

P

5

\mathbb {P}^5

via the Plücker embedding.

We present several examples of

X

R

\mathbf X_R

that illustrate the wide range of possibilities for it; there are reduced and non-reduced examples. Two examples involve elliptic curves: in one case,

X

R

{\mathbf X}_R

is a

P

1

\mathbb {P}^1

-bundle over an elliptic curve the second symmetric power of the curve; in the other, it is a curve having seven irreducible components, three of which are quartic elliptic space curves, and four of which are smooth plane conics. These two examples arise naturally from a problem having its roots in quantum statistical mechanics.

The scheme

X

R

\mathbf X_R

appears in non-commutative algebraic geometry: under appropriate hypotheses, it is isomorphic to the line scheme

L

\mathcal {L}

of a certain graded algebra determined by

R
R

. In that context, it has been an open question for several years to describe such

L

\mathcal {L}

of minimal dimension, i.e., those

L

\mathcal {L}

of dimension one. Our main result implies that if

dim
⁡
(

L

)
=
1

\dim (\mathcal {L}) = 1

, then, as a subscheme of

P

5

\mathbb {P}^5

under the Plücker embedding,

deg
⁡
(

L

)
=
20

\deg (\mathcal {L}) = 20

.
Whole genome and transcriptome maps of the entirely black native Korean chicken breed Yeonsan Ogye
Authors: Sohn Jang-il , Nam Kyoungwoo , Hong Hyosun , Kim Jun-Mo , Lim Dajeong , Lee Kyung-Tai , Do Yoon Jung , Cho Chang Yeon , Kim Namshin , Chai Han-Ha , Nam Jin-Wu 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACT

Background
Yeonsan Ogye (YO), an indigenous Korean chicken breed (Gallus gallus domesticus), has entirely black external features and internal organs. In this study, the draft genome of YO was assembled using a hybrid de novo assembly method that takes advantage of high-depth Illumina short reads (376.6X) and low-depth Pacific Biosciences (PacBio) long reads (9.7X).

Findings
The contig and scaffold NG50s of the hybrid de novo assembly were 362.3 Kbp and 16.8 Mbp, respectively. The completeness (97.6%) of the draft genome (Ogye_1.1) was evaluated with single-copy orthologous genes using Benchmarking Universal Single-Copy Orthologs and found to be comparable to the current chicken reference genome (galGal5; 97.4%; contigs were assembled with high-depth PacBio long reads (50X) and scaffolded with short reads) and superior to other avian genomes (92%–93%; assembled with short read-only or hybrid methods). Compared to galGal4 and galGal5, the draft genome included 551 structural variations including the fibromelanosis (FM) locus duplication, related to hyperpigmentation. To comprehensively reconstruct transcriptome maps, RNA sequencing and reduced representation bisulfite sequencing data were analyzed from 20 tissues, including 4 black tissues (skin, shank, comb, and fascia). The maps included 15,766 protein-coding and 6,900 long noncoding RNA genes, many of which were tissue-specifically expressed and displayed tissue-specific DNA methylation patterns in the promoter regions.

Conclusions
We expect that the resulting genome sequence and transcriptome maps will be valuable resources for studying domestic chicken breeds, including black-skinned chickens, as well as for understanding genomic differences between breeds and the evolution of hyperpigmented chickens and functional elements related to hyperpigmentation.
Language and Sexual Normativity
Authors: Motschenbacher Heiko 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
This chapter highlights the role of the concept of normativity in language and sexuality studies. It is argued that normativity has played a central role in this field, even if as a largely undertheorized concept. The theoretical discussion of normativity is advanced by conceptualizing norms as discursive formations and by distinguishing prescriptive from descriptive norms as well as normative mechanisms on the social micro-level from those on the social macro-level. Central patterns that are involved in the discursive construction of various sexual normativity types are outlined, namely heteronormativity (i.e., the notion that a particular version of heterosexuality is natural or preferable), homonormativity (i.e., normative notions of how gay men and lesbian women are supposed to be), and other sexual normativities. The concluding section discusses potential agendas for language and sexuality scholars in terms of changes in sexual normativities.
Deaf-Blindness and the Institutionalization of Special Education in Nineteenth-Century Europe
Authors: Vierestraete Pieter , Söderfeldt Ylva 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Careful analysis of underexplored and neglected case studies demonstrates how an initial interest in the behavior and constitution of early-nineteenth-century deaf-blind persons gradually made possible a professional and impersonal approach. The deaf-blind person in the early nineteenth century had been a creature of mostly unrefined, but therefore authentic, sensory experience, whose reduction to the supposedly simpler senses of smell, touch, and taste made the basic nature of humankind appear more clearly. In contrast, the educated deaf-blind person later in the century was a vessel for the display of pedagogic expertise. The institutionalization of special education for deaf-blind persons in western Europe thus can be characterized by a shift from listening to the “sound” of deaf-blind persons to a mere repetition of the discursive “noise” of professionals.
Madness, Transnationalism, and Emotions in Nineteenth- and Early Twentieth-Century New Zealand
Authors: McCarthy Angela 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
As is evident in studies of medical thought, publications, personnel, and legislation, transnationalism has been little utilized to examine the migration histories of patients and their ties to “home.” Historians of the asylum instead focus on connections in patients’ new homelands. Likewise, scholars have largely overlooked the emotional lives of patients, which is surprising in light of various emotions said to cause patient confinement. It is therefore important to examine the existence (and absence) of emotional connections between relatives who were separated by oceans and the actions and emotional language that patients, their families, and medical doctors deployed for purposes of reassurance, material support, and negotiation of return migration. Overall, despite individual experiences of emotions, emotional life within and beyond the asylum took place in a broad social context and involved diverse historical actors.
Polio and Disability in Cold War Hungary
Authors: Vargha Dora 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Concerns over children’s physical health and ability were shared experiences across post–World War II societies, and the figure of the child was often used as a tool to reach over the Iron Curtain. However, key differences in how children with polio were perceived, and as a result treated, followed Cold War fault lines. Concepts of an individual’s role in society shaped medical treatment and views of disability, which contributed to the celebrated polio child in one environment and her invisibility in another. Thus, through the lens of disability, new perspectives have emerged on the history of the Cold War, polio, and childhood.
The Disability Rights Movement in the United States
Authors: Patterson Lindsey 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Contrary to the traditional notion that disability rights in the United States were the by-product of the tumultuous 1960s, the disability rights movement actually dates back to the late nineteenth century. Over the years, ordinary citizens and local, national, and international organizations combined in promoting the citizenship rights of disabled people. Excluded from most aspects of public life, people with disabilities championed self-determination through deinstitutionalization, the independent living movement, and access to education, employment, and public transportation. This examination of local, state, and national efforts by people with disabilities to achieve full participation in civic life will help expand our understanding of civil rights movements in modern U.S. history.
Internal Ribosome Entry Site-Mediated Translation in Neuronal Protein Synthesis
Authors: Holcik Martin 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
While the majority of cellular mRNAs are translated by a cap-dependent mechanism, a subset of mRNAs can use an alternative mode of translation that, instead of cap, relies on discreet RNA elements that help to recruit the ribosome. This mode of translation, termed Internal Ribosome Entry Site (IRES)–dependent translation, is particularly important during conditions of compromised global protein synthesis or for a local, precisely timed translation of specific mRNAs. This latter purpose is of considerable importance in cells of the CNS for their normal function. Recently, the disruption of the IRES-mediated translation has also been linked to pathological processes, suggesting that full understanding and targeting of this peculiar mechanism could be used for therapeutic intervention.
Social Science and Ideological Critiques of Ecclesiology
Authors: Ormerod Neil 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Theology has long engaged philosophy as a dialogue partner, but the social sciences raise a new set of issues as both theology and the social sciences reflect concretely on the human condition. The problematic relationship between theology and the social sciences is perhaps nowhere more evident than in the area of ecclesiology. Whenever ecclesiology turns from more idealistic ahistorical forms of discourse to deal with the actual context and constitution of historical communities, the role of the social sciences in providing insights into those contexts and constitutions becomes difficult to deny. This chapter seeks to map out some of the history of the engagement with the social sciences by ecclesiologists such as Clodovis Boff, Dietrich Bonhoeffer, Edward Schillebeeckx, John Milbank, and Roger Haight, and the challenges that this engagement poses. Underlying this debate are profound theological issues concerning grace and nature.
Wolfhart Pannenberg
Authors: Nuessel Friedericke 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThis chapter describes the development of Wolfhart Pannenberg’s ecclesiology in his early work and explores his fully developed ecclesiology in the Systematic Theology of 1993. It analyses the fundamental role of the church to be a sign and foretaste of the kingdom of God. This involves a constitutive self-distinction of the church from any political order or civil state on the one hand and from the future kingdom of God on the other. Moreover, the chapter emphasizes the simultaneity of individual salvation and incorporation into the church as the body of Christ in Pannenberg, and demonstrates the ecclesiological task to overcome the divisions between churches in order to witness to the unity, holiness, catholicity, and apostolicity of the church.
The Ecclesiology of Israel’s Scriptures
Authors: Moberly R. W. L. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
This chapter begins by exploring the dilemma: How can there be an ecclesiology of the Hebrew Scriptures in the absence of a church? We might say that the theological account of ‘the people of God’ in the Old Testament informed and shaped the Christian sense of ‘the people of God’ in the New. Or we could go further and affirm that there was indeed a church in or of Israel. The chapter then reviews Christian attempts to provide (a) a synthesis of historical and theological interpretations of the Old Testament (Hanson and Goldingay) and (b) canonical approaches (Childs, Lindbeck, and Radner). The remainder of the chapter offers a reading of selected Old Testament passages, seeking to bring together Israel and the church according to the three themes: vocation and assurance; warning and challenge; failure and hope. These readings of the biblical text are followed by reflections on their theological and ecclesiological implications.
Using Personalized Music Playlists for Patients With Dementia as a Teaching Innovation
Authors: Long Elizabeth M. , White Kelli 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Nursing students need innovative educational approaches to bridge generational and cultural differences and improve communication skills with patients who are cognitively impaired. An individualized music and memory intervention for older adults with dementia and communication issues was implemented. A review of weekly student journals provided information regarding the use of the approach as an alternative therapy and benefit for students. The usefulness of the music and memory program as an innovative learning tool has widespread applicability to various health care settings.
Concordance Within an RN to BSN Program: Standardized Writing Assessment Rubrics
Authors: Abbott Miriam R.B. , Shaw Peggy 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
A standardized rubric for writing assessment can improve concordance in expectations across a nurse educator community; however, standardization may also pose a perceived threat to faculty academic freedom. To improve assessment consistency while retaining academic freedom, an innovative rubric system that offers a compromise is proposed; it includes both standardized objective areas of assessment as well as areas of assessment for individualized instructor determination. In creating a hybrid standardized rubric, a community of nurse educators can retain academic freedom while better serving students with consistent expectations for writing skills.
Long-Term Cognitive Impairment After Preeclampsia
Authors: Elharram Malik , Dayan Natalie , Kaur Amanpreet , Landry Tara , Pilote Louise 
Published: July 2018

OBJECTIVE:
To systematically review and summarize studies investigating an association between a history of preeclampsia and cognitive function later in life.

DATA SOURCES:
Studies published before August 2017 were identified without any language restriction or study design limits through electronic searches of 10 main databases including MEDLINE and ClinicalTrials.gov.

METHODS OF STUDY SELECTION:
We considered all observational studies that included preeclampsia as a clearly defined prespecified risk factor and that examined a cognition-related outcome measure including validated cognitive tests, magnetic resonance brain imaging, or a clinical diagnosis of dementia. Study quality was assessed using the New-Castle Ottawa scale. All review stages were conducted independently by two reviewers, and disagreement was resolved by a third reviewer. Where possible, data were pooled using a random-effects model.

TABULATION, INTEGRATION, AND RESULTS:
Of 3,126 potentially relevant studies, 13 were included in our review (1,314 women with prior preeclampsia and 289,080 women with prior normotensive pregnancy); median time since pregnancy was 6 years. A higher number of self-reported deficits in perception, memory, and motor functioning on the Cognitive Failure Questionnaire was reported in women with vs without prior preeclamptic pregnancies (Cognitive Failure Questionnaire mean total score 41.5 vs 36.8 out of 100, weighted mean difference of −5.1 points [−9.4 to −0.8]). Our meta-analysis did not reveal significant differences in studies assessing attention (Digit Symbol Substitution or Coding); however, women with preeclampsia performed worse on one of two meta-analyzed tests assessing memory (Letter Number Sequencing mean total score: 10.6 vs 10.1 out of 21, weighted mean difference of 0.63 points 0.06–1.2). Pooling of cognitive outcome measures for studies assessing brain imaging or a clinical diagnosis of dementia were limited by differences in reporting and marked heterogeneity between studies.

CONCLUSION:
Although preeclampsia is associated with subjective cognitive symptoms, our systematic review did not demonstrate clear evidence of impairment on standard neurocognitive tests. There is a paucity of high-quality studies assessing cognitive outcomes after preeclampsia.
Bazedoxifene–Conjugated Estrogens for Treating Endometriosis
Authors: Flores Valerie A. , Stachenfeld Nina S. , Taylor Hugh S. 
Published: July 2018

BACKGROUND:
Endometriosis is a gynecologic disorder affecting 6–10% of reproductive-aged women. First-line therapies are progestin-based regimens; however, failure rates are high, often requiring alternative hormonal agents, each with unfavorable side effects. Bazedoxifene with conjugated estrogens is approved for treatment of menopausal symptoms, and use in animal studies has demonstrated regression of endometriotic lesions. As such, it represents a potential treatment option for endometriosis.

CASE:
A patient with stage III endometriosis referred for management of dysmenorrhea and cyclic pelvic pain was treated with 20 mg bazedoxifene and 0.45 mg conjugated estrogens daily for more than 6 months. She noted resolution of pelvic pain. There were no abnormal effects on hormonal, uterine, or ovarian parameters.

CONCLUSION:
Bazedoxifene with conjugated estrogens may be an effective alternative to traditional endometriosis treatment options.
Salpingectomy During Vaginal Hysterectomy
Authors: Giraudet Géraldine , Rubod Chrystèle , Collinet Pierre , Cosson Michel 
Published: July 2018

BACKGROUND:
Opportunistic salpingectomy at the time of hysterectomy is currently recommended to reduce the lifetime risk of ovarian cancer. The vaginal route is least invasive, but surgeons sometimes may choose to perform this procedure laparoscopically or robotically when anticipating adnexal surgery as a result of limited visibility.

TECHNIQUE:
We describe a surgical technique to make salpingectomy by the vaginal route easier and more feasible. Posterior rotation of the uterus provides excellent access to the tube, which can easily be removed before separation of the adnexa.

EXPERIENCE:
We have performed more than 60 vaginal hysterectomies using this technique. Salpingectomy was always feasible.

CONCLUSION:
We demonstrate a simple technique to safely perform opportunistic salpingectomy during a vaginal hysterectomy.
Models for Predicting Recurrence, Complications, and Health Status in Women After Pelvic Organ Prolapse Surgery
Authors: Jelovsek J. Eric , Chagin Kevin , Lukacz Emily S. , Nolen Tracy L. , Shepherd Jonathan P. , Barber Matthew D. , Sung Vivian , Brubaker Linda , Norton Peggy A. , Rahn David D. , Smith Ariana L. , Ballard Alicia , Jeppson Peter , Meikle Susan F. , Kattan Michael W. ,   for the NICHD Pelvic Floor Disorders Network
Published: July 2018

OBJECTIVE:
To develop statistical models predicting recurrent pelvic organ prolapse, surgical complications, and change in health status 12 months after apical prolapse surgery.

METHODS:
Logistic regression models were developed using a combined cohort from three randomized trials and two prospective cohort studies from 1,301 participants enrolled in surgical studies conducted by the Pelvic Floor Disorders Network. Composite recurrent prolapse was defined as prolapse beyond the hymen; the presence of bothersome bulge symptoms; or prolapse reoperation or retreatment within 12 months after surgery. Complications were defined as any serious adverse event or Dindo grade III complication within 12 months of surgery. Significant change in health status was defined as a minimum important change of SF-6D utility score (±0.035 points) from baseline. Thirty-two candidate risk factors were considered for each model and model accuracy was measured using concordance indices. All indices were internally validated using 1,000 bootstrap resamples to correct for bias.

RESULTS:
The models accurately predicted composite recurrent prolapse (concordance index=0.72, 95% CI 0.69–0.76), bothersome vaginal bulge (concordance index=0.73, 95% CI 0.68–0.77), prolapse beyond the hymen (concordance index=0.74, 95% CI 0.70–0.77), serious adverse event (concordance index=0.60, 95% CI 0.56–0.64), Dindo grade III or greater complication (concordance index=0.62, 95% CI 0.58–0.66), and health status improvement (concordance index=0.64, 95% CI 0.62–0.67) or worsening (concordance index=0.63, 95% CI 0.60–0.67). Calibration curves demonstrated all models were accurate through clinically useful predicted probabilities.

CONCLUSION:
These prediction models are able to provide accurate and discriminating estimates of prolapse recurrence, complications, and health status 12 months after prolapse surgery.