bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stochastic Super-resolution of Cosmological Simulations with Denoising Diffusion Models
Authors: Schanz Andreas , List Florian , Hahn Oliver 
Published: November 2024

In recent years, deep learning models have been successfully employed for augmenting low-resolution cosmological simulations with small-scale information, a task known as “super-resolution”. So far, these cosmological super-resolution models have relied on generative adversarial networks (GANs), which can achieve highly realistic results, but suffer from various shortcomings (e.g. low sample diversity). We introduce denoising diffusion models as a powerful generative model for super-resolving cosmic large-scale structure predictions (as a first proof-of-concept in two dimensions). To obtain accurate results down to small scales, we develop a new “filter-boosted” training approach that redistributes the importance of different scales in the pixel-wise training objective. We demonstrate that our model not only produces convincing super-resolution images and power spectra consistent at the percent level, but is also able to reproduce the diversity of small-scale features consistent with a given low-resolution simulation. This enables uncertainty quantification for the generated small-scale features, which is critical for the usefulness of such super-resolution models as a viable surrogate model for cosmic structure formation.
Стратегічне управління банком в сучасних умовах
Authors: Kharabara Violetta , Greshko Roman , Tkach Ivan , Kharabara Volodymyr 
Published: November 2024

Мета роботи: полягає в узагальнені понять “стратегія”, “стратегічне управління” та дослідження його ролі у формуванні та розвитку банківської системи України.
Метод дослідження: основними методами дослідження є: теоретично-емпіричний, формації та оцінювання матеріалу.
Результати дослідження полягає у донесені до широкого кола науковців специфіки вибору стратегій щодо управління у банківській сфері.
Теоретична цінність дослідження: теоретична цінність дослідження визначена у науковому обґрунтовані стратегії як фундаменту успішного стратегічного управління банком та сучасних умовах функціонування банківської системи, основною вимогою є постійний пошук нових підходів до формування та реалізації стратегій.
Практична цінність дослідження: практичне значення одержаних результатів полягає в тому, що практичні рекомендації у комплексі формують підґрунтя для підвищення ефективності функціонування суб’єктів банківської системи у контексті забезпечення стратегічного управління.
Майбутні дослідження: майбутні дослідження будуть сконцентровані на аналізі підходів щодо стратегічного управління, оцінки та тестуванні в реальних умовах, щодо застосування стратегічного управління.
Тип статті: теоретичний, описовий.
Efficacy Assessment of Dual Combined Therapy in Experimental Chronic Heart Failure
Authors: Ivkin D. Yu. , Krasnova M. V. , Karpov A. A. , Okovitiy S. V. , Kulikov A. N. 
Published: November 2024

The article presents the results of experimental studies into the efficacy of dual combinations of conventional drugs for the basic treatment of chronic heart failure with empagliflozin when modeling the pathology in laboratory outbred rats. As part of the study, survival, physical tolerance, and echocardiographic parameters were assessed. The most effective combination was found to be the therapy by empagliflozin with fosinopril. In this case, the six-month survival rate achieved 90%; a greater tolerance to physical activity was observed (50% increase in relation to animals in the pathology group without treatment); shortening and ejection fractions increased by 25%.
Metabolic Response of Laboratory Rats to Extreme Hyperthermia
Authors: Kim A. E. , Shustov E. B. 
Published: November 2024

The dynamics of basic parameters of metabolism and lipid peroxidation in the blood serum of rats was studied during the formation of a state of hyperthermia (exposure to air at a temperature of +40 °C for 60 min). It was found that the albumin/globulin ratio, uric acid, cholesterol, triglycerides, blood electrolytes, as well as the activity of the enzymes alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase under short-term heat exposure did not have statistically significant differences from the values in the state of normothermia. The level of lipid hydroperoxides and reduced glutathione changes significantly already during the mobilization phase of thermoregulatory mechanisms. The dynamics of these indicators are stable, which allows these indicators to be correlated with hyperthermia itself.
A Nietzschean tafsīr for Nazi Germany: The Commentary to Sadr-ud-Dīn’s Qur’an of 1939
Authors: Jonker Gerdien 
Published: November 2024

This contribution traces the history of the German Qur'an edition published by the Ahmadiyya Anjuman Isha’at-e-Islam Lahore (Lahore-Ahmadiyya) in Berlin in 1939. Maulvi Sadr-ud-Dīn, the Lahore-Ahmadiyya missionary who erected the first mosque in Berlin, fashioned the translation. To reach out to a German audience gearing up for war, he entrusted his Berlin collaborator, the philosopher Hugo Marcus, with the details of the commentary. The narrative starts in 1924, when Tatar intellectuals first sat down with Sadr-ud-Dīn to discuss the necessity of preparing Qur'an editions for European readers. It ends with the publication of the German Qur'an at the moment Germans were finalising their war preparations. Hugo Marcus’ approach to his commentary involved relating single Qur'an verses to Friedrich Nietzsche's philosophy, focusing on genius, heroism, and suffering. In making that choice, he connected the Qur'anic text to the Herrenethik (‘ethics of male superiority’) that pervaded National-Socialist (Nazi) ideology. From this emerged an exegesis full of delusions about masculinity and racist arrogance. A comparison with Hugo Marcus’ writings of the 1930s illustrates how it was wrought. In their approach to racism, nationalism, and war, Ahmadi Muslim missionaries and German Muslims in Berlin differed considerably. In their many attempts to bridge East and West through religion, their disagreements on these issues present a pivotal moment in intercultural communication, leaving an imprint on how the Qur'an was explained in Sadr-ud-Dīn's translation. Whereas the Lahore-Ahmadiyya tried to smooth the way towards an ‘international religion’ and defended the ‘Jihad of the Pen’, German Muslims steered close to the expectations of a frenzied, war-minded public. A straightforward document, Hugo Marcus’ tafsīr served to exonerate them in advance, wherever they were heading.
Wearable Patch ECG monitors and transesophageal electrophysiological study for diagnosing palpitations of unknown origin
Authors: Yang Ruike , Yang Lihong , Zhang Qiang , Wang Shuhui , Xu Jinyi 
Published: November 2024

ObjectiveTo analyze the application value of wearable adhesive Patch ECG monitors combined with transesophageal electrophysiological study (TEPS) in the diagnosis of palpitations of unknown origin.MethodsThis was a retrospective study of patients with suspected arrhythmia who were admitted to Henan Provincial People's Hospital between October 2021 and July 2023 due to recurrent paroxysmal palpitations of unknown origin, with or without accompanying symptoms such as dizziness, amaurosis, and syncope. All patients underwent TEPS. Those who did not exhibit arrhythmia during the TEPS were selected for Patch ECG monitoring, which lasted several weeks (depending on the duration of symptom capture). The results of TEPS, Patch ECG monitors, and clinical diagnoses were observed and recorded. Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value (NPV) for diagnosing palpitations of unknown origins was analyzed based on clinical diagnostic outcomes for (1) TEPS alone, (2) Patch ECG monitoring in patients with negative TEPS results, and (3) the combination of both methods.ResultsA total of 569 patients were included in this study. The TEPS results exhibited that 227 of the 569 patients did not detect arrhythmias and 342 detected arrhythmias. Of the 569 patients, 102 refused to undergo Patch ECG monitors, and 467 patients completed the entire study process. Among them, 379 cases (66.61%) were clinically diagnosed as arrhythmias. TEPS shows good performance in most evaluation indices except NPV (69.60%, 95% CI, 61.54%–77.66%). The combined diagnosis was strongly consistent with clinical diagnosis. The accuracy, sensitivity, and NPV of TEPS combined with Patch ECG monitors in the diagnosis of palpitations of unknown origin were significantly higher than those of TEPS alone.ConclusionWearable adhesive patch ECG monitors combined with TEPS can enhance the diagnostic efficiency of palpitations of unknown origin.
Compact grounded memristor model with resistorless and tunability features
Authors: Mehta Ankit , Ahmadi Arash , Ahmadi Majid 
Published: November 2024

This research article provides a circuit illustration of a grounded memristor emulator. An operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) is one of its active components, along with two transistors and one capacitor. With a simple flip of the input ports, the incremental and decremental settings for the proposed memristor may be preserved. With the capacity to function in the megahertz band, the circuit offers a resistorless and controllable feature. Using the Cadence Virtuoso EDA tool in an analog design environment (ADE), PSPICE simulation with 0.18 µm TSMC technology parameter has been used to illustrate the viability of the suggested memristor. It has been confirmed in the simulation section that the operating frequency and tunability responses in the current-voltage (I-V) plane are in reasonable agreement with the theory. The suggested memristor model’s resilience has also been tested using process corner, Monte Carlo analysis, and temperature analyses, as well as single and parallel connected structures. The suggested memristor model is simple and does not need additional sub-circuit components, making it appropriate for implementation in integrated circuits. The experimental demonstration has been carried out by making a prototype on a breadboard using ICs, which exhibits good agreement with theoretical and simulation results. Single/parallel combinations of memristor, chaotic oscillator, and high pass filter have been presented to demonstrate its application.
Spatio-temporal evolution and prediction of carbon storage at the source of the Fen River and Sanggan River based on a PLUS-InVEST model
Authors: Fu Shaotong , Zhen Zhilei , Zhou Haoyan , Wang Ben , Qiao Qiong 
Published: November 2024

Investigating the evolution of land use and its impact on carbon storage is of significant importance for mitigating regional climate change and promoting green low-carbon development. Ningwu County is located in the source region of the Fenhe and Sanggan River, and its ecological status significantly influences the carbon storage (CS) of the watershed ecosystem. In this study, the PLUS-InVEST model was employed to analyze the land use evolution from 1990 to 2020 in Ningwu County, Shanxi Province, as well as their impacts on CS. Additionally, the study simulated and predicted land use changes in Ningwu County by 2040 under four scenarios: natural development (NDS), ecological protection (EPS), cultivated land protection (CLPS), and urban development (UDS), while estimating the corresponding changes in ecosystem CS. Furthermore, the study utilized optimal parameters-based geographical detector to explore the mechanisms underlying the spatial differentiation of CS. The results indicated that the areas of forest land and construction land in the study area consistently increased from 1990 to 2020, whereas the area of cultivated land continuously declined, with grassland, water bodies, and unused land exhibiting a fluctuating increasing trend. The spatial distribution of CS was highest in the northwest, second highest in the southeast, and lowest in the middle region. Over these 3 decades, CS had shown a continuous increase. It is projected that by 2040, the areas of forest and grassland will experience the most significant increase under the EPS; cultivated land only increase under the CLPS; while construction land display the greatest increase under the UDS. Compared to 2020, these four scenarios for 2040 indicate an increase in regional CS, with the EPS showing the largest increment. The primary factors influencing the spatial differentiation of CS in Ningwu County are human activities, followed by topography and climate change; the interactions among these factors exhibit a reinforcing relationship, with the interaction between the distance from construction land and slope having the most substantial impact on the spatial differentiation of CS.
Evaluating China’s urbanization trajectory: an overextension or still in progress?
Authors: Wei Yujun , Yuan Fan , Ye Zhonghua 
Published: November 2024

China’s urbanization has undergone a transformative journey since the initiation of the reform and opening-up policy in 1978, catalyzing economic growth while profoundly impacting its ecological and demographic landscapes. This study offers a systematic evaluation of China’s urbanization trajectory over the past 4 decades through the development of an indicator system encompassing three key dimensions: population urbanization, land urbanization, and economic urbanization. Using the entropy method for weight assignment, the analysis reveals a consistent upward trend in China’s comprehensive urbanization, with occasional sharp increases. Although population urbanization influences the overall index, land urbanization has outpaced both population and economic urbanization, indicating a pronounced dependence on land resources. This trend poses a potential risk of unsustainable urban growth if left unaddressed. The findings indicate that to achieve sustainable urban development, China must prioritize balancing the interplay between population and land, moving away from land-dependent strategies, and adopting a more balanced approach to urbanization. The quantitative analysis provides key insights into this imbalance, indicating that policies should integrate land use planning with population dynamics to promote holistic urban growth. Future research should investigate the long-term socio-economic and environmental impacts of land-centric urbanization and propose innovative strategies to guide China towards a sustainable urban future.
Research on the coupled evolution of LULCC and habitat quality in the Ganqing section of the Yellow River Basin based on multi-scenario simulations
Authors: Yang Jie , Xie Baopeng , Zhou Jie 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionThis study focuses on the Ganqing section of the Yellow River Basin, exploring four land use scenarios: natural development, cropland protection, ecological protection, and rapid development. Given the ecological importance of this area, the research aims to evaluate how each scenario impacts habitat quality and land use sustainability by 2030.MethodsThe Future Land Use Simulation (FLUS) model and the Integrated Valuation of Environmental Services and Tradeoffs (InVEST) model were applied to simulate land use for each scenario. A habitat quality pattern and coupling coordination degree model was used to assess the interactions between land use and land cover change (LULCC) and habitat quality under different scenarios.ResultsFindings show that over 70% of the Ganqing section of the Yellow River Basin is primarily grassland. By 2030, the ecological protection scenario is predicted to have the highest habitat quality, followed by the natural development, rapid development, and cropland protection scenarios. Between 1990 and 2030, the area demonstrates predominantly high or moderate coordination between land use and habitat quality. Spatial analysis reveals lower coordination values in the southeast and higher values in the northwest, with imbalanced recession zones distributed around valley basins.DiscussionThis study highlights the value of strategic scenario planning in enhancing habitat quality and promoting sustainable land management in the Ganqing section of the Yellow River Basin. The ecological protection scenario shows the most promise for balancing development with habitat preservation, underscoring the importance of adopting land use policies that support ecological sustainability in vulnerable areas.
Comparison of antibody responses of heterologous and homologous Covid-19 booster vaccination: an observational study
Authors: Rizvi Nayab Batool , Bibi Maryam , Rana Muhmmad Zeeshan , Zaffar Sehrish , Farooq Hassam 
Published: November 2024

ObjectivePakistan has been seriously affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, with numerous waves of infection. Using different vaccine and booster doses was a key component to control and combat this pandemic. This study aims to monitor the heterologous and homologous booster vaccination doses that generate immune responses in healthy adults after 9 months of vaccination.MethodsIn this cross-sectional, observational study a total of 173 samples were collected. Participants from both genders (Male and Female) between the ages of 18 to 25 years were enrolled for the study. Participants who had booster shots of homologous Sinopharm BBIBP CorV and heterologous Pfizer-BioNTech vaccines were included only, with the use of a Roche Cobas-e601 analyzer, the antibody titers in the blood serum were quantified by the ECLIA method. IBM SPSS 22 was utilized for descriptive statistical analysis and P&lt; 0.05 was considered significant.ResultsIn this study the IgG antibody levels were measured against the full length of receptor binding domain (RBD) of the spike (S) protein. The mean antibody titer in the Pfizer group was 9764 ± 10976 U/mL and 5762 ± 4302 U/mL in the Sinopharm group. The Mean IgG antibody levels of the Pfizer-vaccinated group were significantly higher than the Sinopharm-vaccinated group (P=0.000, each). Comparing the Sinopharm BBIBP CorV booster dosage to the Pfizer booster, Pfizer BNT162b2demonstrated a stronger immune response. However, there were no immunological gender-specific significant differences. The administration of a third dosage of Pfizer BNT162b2 after two doses of BBIBP CorVConclusionThe administration of a third dosage of Pfizer BNT162b2 after two doses of BBIBP-CorV is recommended to boost the humoral immune response in the general population while there was no gender-specific difference observed. More effectiveness can be attained by administering additional doses due to the antibody decay.
A novel platelets-related gene signature for predicting prognosis, immune features and drug sensitivity in gastric cancer
Authors: Li Qun , Zhang Cheng , Ren Yulin , Qiao Lei , Xu Shuning , Li Ke , Liu Ying 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundPlatelets can dynamically regulate tumor development and progression. Nevertheless, research on the predictive value and specific roles of platelets in gastric cancer (GC) is limited. This research aims to establish a predictive platelets-related gene signature in GC with prognostic and therapeutic implications.MethodsWe downloaded the transcriptome data and clinical materials of GC patients (n=378) from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Prognostic platelets-related genes screened by univariate Cox regression were included in Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) analysis to construct a risk model. Kaplan-Meier curves and receiver operating characteristic curves (ROCs) were performed in the TCGA cohort and three independent validation cohorts. A nomogram integrating the risk score and clinicopathological features was constructed. Functional enrichment and tumor microenvironment (TME) analyses were performed. Drug sensitivity prediction was conducted through The Cancer Therapeutics Response Portal (CTRP) database. Finally, the expression of ten signature genes was validated by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR).ResultsA ten-gene (SERPINE1, ANXA5, DGKQ, PTPN6, F5, DGKB, PCDH7, GNG11, APOA1, and TF) predictive risk model was finally constructed. Patients were categorized as high- or low-risk using median risk score as the threshold. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) values for the 1-, 2-, and 3-year overall survival (OS) in the training cohort were 0.670, 0.695, and 0.707, respectively. Survival analysis showed a better OS in low-risk patients in the training and validation cohorts. The AUCs of the nomogram for predicting 1-, 2-, and 3-year OS were 0.708, 0.763, and 0.742, respectively. TME analyses revealed a higher M2 macrophage infiltration and an immunosuppressive TME in the high-risk group. Furthermore, High-risk patients tended to be more sensitive to thalidomide, MK-0752, and BRD-K17060750.ConclusionThe novel platelets-related genes signature we identified could be used for prognosis and treatment prediction in GC.
Comparison of treatment models for single primary advanced gallbladder cancer
Authors: Li Rongxuan , Chen Xiao , Wang Bingchen , Ai Bolun , Min Fangdi , Cao Dayong , Zhou Jianguo , Yan Tao 
Published: November 2024

PurposeTreatment for advanced gallbladder cancer (GBC) remains controversial, with various recommendations regarding the choice and combination of surgery and adjuvant therapy. The present article is targeting for the exploration of optimal treatment models for advanced GBC.MethodsAJCC (American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition) stage III and stage IV GBC, were defined as advanced GBC. Patients with advanced GBC were identified using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database and departmental cohort. Because of the most representative, only gallbladder adenocarcinoma (GBAC) patients were selected. Based on their surgical status (No, Non-radical and Radical surgery), chemotherapy status (Chemotherapy, No chemotherapy), and radiotherapy status (Radiotherapy, No radiotherapy), treatment models were categorized. For the purposes of evaluating the treatment outcomes of various treatment models and determining the risk element for cancer-specific survival (CSS), Cox regression analysis was applied. Kaplan-Meier curves were used before and after adjusting for covariates, with log-rank tests used to analyze discrepancies between curves. Immunotherapy was analyzed using clinical data from departmental cohort. Finally, to compensate for the limitations of the database, a review examines the progress in treatment models for advanced GBC.Results5,154 patients aged over 18 years with solitary primary advanced GBC were identified from the SEER database. In advanced GBC patients, the treatment model has emerged as a significant prognostic factor. “Radical surgery + Chemotherapy + Radiotherapy” models maximally improved the CSS of advanced GBC before and after adjusting for covariates, while “No surgery + No chemotherapy + No radiotherapy” model had the lowest CSS. The present conclusions were supported even after subgroup analysis by AJCC stage. The efficacy of immunotherapy was demonstrated in the departmental cohort analysis. Additionally, this article provides a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in various emerging treatment strategies.ConclusionEven when optimal treatment model cannot be pursued, providing comprehensive combinations of treatments to advanced GBC patients whenever possible is always beneficial for their survival.