bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How to do Fast-Track Projects
Authors: MacDonald D. , Lau B. , Bue H. , Kane L. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The ever-increasing fast paced economy brings the need for faster project development and construction. This has led to a term known as "fast-tracked projects" in which the schedule is reduced by shortening and overlapping the design, procurement and construction phases.
The objective of this paper will be to provide a practical guideline to project managers and engineers who have been tasked with executing a fast-track project, with particular focus on brownfield projects in the process industry. The scope will cover project management and engineering for fast-track projects, during the concept to detailed design phases.
The approach to the paper starts with a literature review of past journal research published on fast-tracked projects and review of the experiences that Hatch has had with fast-tracked projects.
Case studies have been prepared, to highlight project management and engineering decisions which succeeded in accelerating the schedule. Pitfalls and recommendations will be identified and future tools to aid fast-track projects will be discussed.
The results of analysis of historical vendor quotations and procurement show typical lead times for equipment and materials, allowing engineers to identify long lead equipment and items which need early focus.
Observations from the case studies have shown that success in fast-track projects involves setting a fixed basis of design early in the project and making key project scoping decisions as early as possible in the project to minimise changes.
Observations have been made on historical projects and how many of the key fast-track practices (from the literature review) were implemented as part of successful fast-tracking; lessons learned and recommendations have been shared in the paper.
Observations have also been made about projects which attempted to fast-track by removing of project stage decision gates and/or jumping design stages, which then led to increased re-work/change scope.
The cost-quality-schedule of a project can be represented as the three corners of a triangle, which are key drivers on a project. The main conclusion is that the Project Manager and Engineering Teams must plan carefully and have buy-in from all key stakeholders in the project from an early stage on all the key decisions, otherwise one portion of the cost-quality-schedule triangle will always fall behind the others, with the most concerning one being quality, as it is often linked to safety. Clients may have to accept a feasible, fit for purpose design, rather than an optimised design in order to meet a fast-track schedule.
There are currently limited engineering guidelines for how to execute the design of a fast-track project. The paper provides additive information in the form of case study examples, practical engineering guidance for the process industry and identifying new technologies, which may aid fast-track projects in the future.
Digital Outage: Maintenance Planning with 4d Simulation
Authors: Bianco Francesco Amore 
Published: November 2024

Oil & Gas facilities needs proper planned maintenance to ensure the equipment and surrounding areas remains to fully operable safe conditions, to maximize operational efficiency of the plant, to reduce unnecessary expenses caused by major breakdowns and to meet legal and environmental regulations.
Field experience has shown how maintenance work and planned outage duration can be adversely affected by a lack of appropriate tools and planning methodologies. Part of the equipment have been operating for decades in harsh environment, resulting in oxidation, deformation and corrosion. Oil& Gas operators are going through tough decisions on rejuvenate the equipment and often they face upgrade shutdowns with complex scope. Based on literature, retrofit and upgrade outages can pose more risk than normal maintenance execution as planning of retrofit projects have the added challenge of having to take existing structures, piping, etc. into account. These projects often encounter scope revisions, heavy field reworks, and schedule delays, all of which originate from not having accurate as-built information for design or construction planning. When preparing for a shutdown, accurate technical surveys and outage simulations are crucial for good execution. Simple maintainability surveys can identify many of the complexities of a plant, however the information collected during these surveys may be incomplete or insufficient for a comprehensive site-specific solution.
The complexity of assets and maintenance scopes make maintenance planning a considerable challenge.
First Installation of Expandable Anchor System in ERD Multilateral Well for UAE
Authors: Pedraza J. C. , Sudan N. , Butler B. , Lukmanovich K. , Khadr M. , Hrab L. , Mirza O. , Al Hajri S. S. , Abdalla Z. M. , Alzaabi A. A. , Saqib T. , Alblooshi E. H. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The use of multilateral technology provides a major increase in recovery and economic viability of oil and gas reserves. This is provided by increasing reservoir exposure, optimizing production rates, reducing CAPEX by enabling more laterals per surface slots, and giving the ability to add branches to existing wells in mature fields. Multilateral technology provides two means for reliably placing a junction; the Latch Coupling which is run in new wells, and the Expandable Anchor Packer (XAP) which is installed in existing casing. The XAP has various benefits, such as retrofitting existing wells, reducing trips by deployment of lower completion on the anchor, and the ability to anchor multilateral equipment without rotation. The XAP system was first developed and deployed in 2019 with now 50 installations worldwide. This paper will aim to discuss the first installation of this system in a dual lateral well in the UAE.
The well casing architecture presented the challenge of high free rotating torque due to the high junction depth, which caused challenges for the latch-in operations using the Latch Coupling option. A solution on short notice was needed to overcome this challenge, and the 9-5/8″ XAP was recognized as the best for the application and was globally sourced and procured in time for the operation. The completion design for the well required a means of isolating the lower drain while the upper drain was being drilled. A glass disk was installed in the tail of 9-5/8″ XAP, with ports above it to provide means for circulation while positioning the 9-5/8″ XAP. The ports were then isolated after the anchor was set.
This successful installation provided the first XAP for the operator and the UAE, and the deepest multilateral junction in Middle East at 14,578 ft MD. Another innovative tool design was the utilization of a three-way cross-over adapter below the XAP to overcome the buckling effects of tubing movement during well injection load case. The well was safely completed with zero non-productive time (NPT) during multilateral operations.
This multilateral well represents the use of an innovative dual string design, allowing for dual interventions in both legs. It has set the stage for future projects to implement lower completion on the XAP, thereby decreasing installation time.
Ai-Driven Workforce Transformation Model
Authors: Al Yahmadi Abeer , Al Mahrouqi Shabib , Al Hinai Nadir , Al Jabri Saoud , Al Hinai Nadir 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
A leading oil and gas company in Sultanate of Oman is pioneering HR digitization with an AI-driven Workforce Transformation tool. This solution addresses the challenge of redeploying redundant Sultanate of Omani personnel within the company's contracting community. By upskilling and redeploying this workforce, the tool aligns with Sultanate of Oman's Vision 2040, which emphasizes future-ready skills. In 2023, the tool transitioned over five hundred Sultanate of Omani personnel, showcasing its impact in the current economic climate.
The tool analyzes expiring contracts, identifies at-risk Sultanate of Omani personnel, and detects skills gaps within this workforce. This enables strategic redeployment across the contracting community. It creates tailored upskilling, reskilling, or multi-skilling programs based on comprehensive needs assessments, collaborating with industry experts for relevance. The tool employs a diverse delivery model, including competency matching, experience level requirements, gap assessments, and various training methods such as classroom instruction, direct training, mentoring, and coaching. It also provides post-training support with job placement assistance and follow-up assessments. This process is continuously monitored and evaluated for data-driven improvements, ensuring a cost-optimized model with zero direct costs to the company.
The AI-driven Workforce Transformation tool demonstrates its value in retaining skilled Sultanate of Omani personnel within the company's contracting community. By analyzing expiring contracts and identifying skills gaps, the AI tool matches redundant personnel with suitable redeployment opportunities, minimizing layoffs. Observations highlight the importance of targeted skills development programs for smooth workforce transitions. The tool's success lies in initiative-taking workforce management, data-driven skills matching, and economic stability. Its achievements underscore the potential of AI-driven solutions to foster a sustainable workforce while aligning with Sultanate of Oman's Vision 2040.
This paper will discuss the AI tool's development and the process to manage the redeployment of redundant Sultanate of Omani workers in the contracting community, focusing on developing future skills. It will provide insights into the program's methods, procedures, and continuous improvements, including the sustainability of over five hundred employment opportunities. The paper will contribute to the existing literature by presenting a case study of a successful program that has enhanced human capacity and capability, making significant changes within the company's contracting community in a brief period.
Enhance CAPEX and Reliability by Optimizing Replacement of Refrigeration Unit
Authors: Al Awadhi Ibrahim , Sharma Ashok , Karim Twana 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objective/Scope
One of the main concerns and factors of Oil & Gas Plants is how to ensure plant operation, maintainability, and reliability. At one of our process plants, there was a concern in one of the main refrigeration units which cooling the Instrument Air Compressor lube oil system were reported continue tripping during summer peak time. This paper presents a number of solutions and innovative practices that were adopted to solve the issue of performance for refrigeration units.

Methods, Procedures, Process
Initial study was performed as per code and standard to evaluate the issue of refrigerant unit performance which concluded existing unit is inadequate and will require replacement. However, due to the high cost, the approach was revisited, and an in-house technical study was conducted. The following activities were carried out as part of study evaluation.

Results, Observations & Conclusions
Based on available operating data, evaluation proposed new condenser unit running with R-134A taking into consideration original design data and actual data recorded during system refrigerant retrofitting in August 1997. The study concluded that to propose a new condenser unit capacity of 16TR total instead of the original capacity of 8TR.
Based on in-house study, below aspects were recommended
Implementation of above unique and innovative approach were carried-out by completing installation/commissioning of two condenser units and evaluating overall system performance based the data recorded at site during month of August 2023 and found chiller has performed at high ambient temperature (48ºC) without mechanical failure.
Further analysis confirmed the performance of modified chiller even with ambient temperature of 53ºC. Finally, implementing the new condenser replacement potentially achieved CAPEX saving by $1.7M for two units while at the same time improving chiller performance, reliability and ensure plant maintainability.

Novel/Additive Information
In line with ADNOC way by sustaining plant operation, ensure reliability, and maintainability, initiative was taken to explore all possible life extension options by adopting system retrofitting instead of full replacement which can enhance CAPEX/OPEX efficiency while ensuring reliable performance. The project also addressed other ADNOC values and resulted in intangible benefits in respect of ICV enhancement, people development and being responsible/resilient. This approach can be followed by other operator companies to realize benefits.
Conversion and Customization of Conventional Platform Support Vessel into Well Stimulation Offshore Vessel; A Case Study from UAE Offshore
Authors: Bakir Hamadeh , Elsayed Hany 
Published: November 2024

Offshore well stimulation is a critical and sophisticated operation in the oil and gas industry. It involves injecting various fluids and chemicals into wells to improve their production rates. These operations are complex, costly, and require meticulous planning and execution. A significant part of this planning involves ensuring that the necessary equipment and resources are available and effectively deployed.
The focus of this paper is the conversion and customization of a conventional platform support vessel (PSV) into a well-stimulation offshore vessel. This case study, set in the UAE offshore, explores the detailed process, challenges, and results of this conversion. The primary objective was to create a vessel capable of supporting large-scale well stimulation operations, ensuring safety, efficiency, and cost-effectiveness.
The offshore environment in UAE presents unique challenges due to its remote locations and the harsh marine conditions. Efficient well stimulation operations in such settings require vessels that are robust, reliable, and equipped with advanced technology to handle the demanding tasks. The conversion of a PSV into a well-stimulation vessel offers a practical solution, leveraging the existing capabilities of PSVs and enhancing them with specialized equipment and modifications.
Innovative Real-Time Diagnostic E-Line Milling and Fishing Technologies for Enhanced Downhole Fishing Operations
Authors: Altarelli C. , Tassone G. , Mazzocchi M. , Spitaleri A. , Mangione A. , Rafaat A. , Farhan M. , Harthi S. Al 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This paper outlines a case study of a fishing operation that effectively resolved the issue of a stuck and parted tubing wall plug without remaining fishing neck for conventional pulling tool. The operation employed advanced E-line milling and fishing technologies, showcasing their successful application in the field. The results of the operation demonstrate the effectiveness of these cutting-edge technologies in retrieving stuck tubing wall plug, offering valuable insights for similar scenarios in the future.
The methodology and techniques employed in this operation will be discussed, highlighting the innovative approaches utilized to overcome the challenge. The latest advancements in E-line milling tools include the utilization of multiple parameters, measured throughout the milling process in real time, including direct measurements and automatic fine tune of weight on bit and rate of penetration. This operative approach minimizes milling time offering flexibility in adapting to changes in geometry and material properties. In addition, the deployment of an electrically operated fishing tool, capable of engagement and disconnection on command, has proven highly effective to have control during fishing operations.
On first fishing attempt, despite a successful latch with the electrical fishing tool, applying the maximum possible force, using an E-line hydraulic stroker, the fish did not come free. Decision was then taken to release the fishing tool by electrical command and proceed with milling operation. The E-line milling tool precisely removed the barrel slips thereby freeing it from its stuck position.
Subsequently the E-line hydraulic stroker tool combined with electrical fishing tool were deployed again and after a series of strokes, the plug was retrieved to surface successfully. The entire milling & fishing operation took 10 days.
The successful retrieval of the fish not only enabled the operator to carry out crucial P&A operations but also demonstrated how light but robust, precision robotic fishing tools with real-time diagnosis could replace heavy, conventional fishing methods and enable the retrieval of a wide array of different types of fish that might otherwise be permanently lost or stuck in a well.
This innovative approach has demonstrated exceptional proficiency in effectively tackling a wide range of challenges encountered during fishing operations, such as long length to mill without effective circulation, milling effectiveness and precisely fishing engagement and forces control. The operation strategy to overcome these specific challenges could also be considered as possible alternative approach in similar challenges scenarios where the conventional system (i.e slickline or some case CT) is not sufficient to solve the problem. Comparing the footprint E-line vs CT, this strategy could be a potential solution also for platforms with lack of space.
Using Red Mud to Achieve Sustainable Well Cement with Balanced Performance and Eco-Friendliness
Authors: Mahmoud Ahmed Abdulhamid , Elkatatny Salaheldin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This study investigates the feasibility of incorporating red mud, a byproduct of aluminum manufacturing, into oil well cement production to promote sustainability in the oil and gas industry. The research involved creating cement slurries by mixing Saudi Class G cement with red mud in an 85/15 ratio. The primary objective was to assess whether red mud could be used as a sustainable alternative raw material in cement production without compromising quality. To achieve this, the study involved fine-tuning the slurry's properties by adjusting the proportions of viscosifiers and fluid loss additives, aiming to balance viscosity and fluid retention effectively. The target was to produce a lightweight cement slurry with a density of 13.5 pounds per gallon (ppg), suitable for shallow casing cementing and fragile formations. Comprehensive evaluations were conducted to assess the slurry's rheological behavior, free water content, and thickening time. Initial results indicated that the properties of the slurry, when composed solely of Class G cement and red mud, did not meet industry standards. However, the strategic addition of viscosifiers and fluid loss additives led to a significant improvement in performance, aligning with the rigorous requirements for oil well cements. These findings highlight the potential of red mud as a sustainable component in cementing solutions for the oil and gas industry, offering an eco-friendly alternative without sacrificing quality or performance. This research positions red mud as a viable, sustainable material for the sector.
Molecular Evaluation of the Temperature Role on the Wettability of Carbonate/Brine/Gas Systems: Unlocking UAE's Underground Hydrogen Potential
Authors: Adam Abdelateef M. , Bahamon Daniel , Al Kobaisi Mohammed , Vega Lourdes F. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Rock wetting characteristics directly affect the storage size, security, and fluid flow behavior in Underground Hydrogen Storage (UHS). This study evaluates the impact of temperature variations on the wetting behavior of the UAE carbonate reservoirs in UHS environments and its implications for carbonates' structural and residual trapping capacities. A molecular-level discussion on the impact of temperature variation on UAE carbonates' wetting behavior during UHS implementation is presented for the first time. To obtain molecular insights into the storage process, molecular dynamics simulations were carried out on carbonate/brine/H2+ cushion gas systems. A calcite substrate was used as a representative of the carbonate surface, and CO2 was selected as a cushion gas. Then, the wettability of calcite/brine/H2+CO2 was evaluated at a fixed pressure of 50 MPa, a temperature range of 323 to 388 K, and a fixed salt concentration of 15 wt. %, mirroring the typical reservoir conditions found in the UAE. We report that, at low temperature (323 K), the presence of CO2 in the gas stream (i.e., H2+CO2 mixture) leads to a reduction in the hydrophilicity of calcite due to the higher intermolecular van der Waals attraction found between the calcite and CO2 molecules, leading to CO2 aggregation at the calcite surface. With increasing temperature, the calcite-CO2 interactions diminish, and the calcite surface becomes perfectly water-wet. It can be concluded that due to the higher interactions between calcite-CO2 compared to calcite-H2 interactions, the utilization of CO2 as a cushion gas enhances the carbonate's ability to trap H2 gas by filling the smaller pores with brine and dissolved CO2 molecules while leaving the larger pores available for injected hydrogen. Additionally, introducing CO2 before injecting H2 reduces the amount of hydrogen that can be residually trapped, resulting in an enhanced H2 recovery process.
Robots for Automating 3D Reconstruction of Digital Twins in the Energy Industry
Authors: Agostino A. , Schillaci G. , Pencelli M. , Fiorucci M. , Bonacchi L. B. , De Magistris G. , Politano A. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This paper introduces an innovative automatic 3D reconstruction method tailored for digital twin creation, employing robotic systems to enhance asset monitoring and maintenance within the energy industry. Utilizing depth images and LiDAR scans, our method constructs real-time, voxel-based 3D maps, crucial for the autonomous navigation and interaction of robots with their environment.
The core of our approach involves a Truncated Signed Distance Function (TSDF) and a Euclidean Signed Distance Function (ESDF), stored within a voxel grid to facilitate accurate environment meshing and path planning. This reconstruction is vital for creating detailed digital twins, allowing for precise representation and monitoring, which is crucial for operational efficiency and safety in complex industrial settings. Our method has been rigorously tested across various benchmark datasets and hardware configurations (GPUs and CPUs), highlighting its high precision and fidelity in digital twin generation. The resultant digital twins enable better predictive maintenance by providing a real-time asset condition assessment and facilitating anomaly detection.
However, the current reconstruction accuracy is limited in capturing minute details of small objects, indicating a need for further refinement for specific use cases involving detailed micrometric analysis. Despite these limitations, our method significantly reduces the time and cost associated with digital twin creation, enhancing decision-making and minimizing human intervention through improved remote monitoring capabilities.
Moreover, by integrating real-time data from diverse sources such as sensors, drones, and robots with digital twin models, stakeholders can gain comprehensive insights into asset performance, fostering improved collaboration and informed decision-making. This integration not only enhances the operational efficiency but also ensures the safety and productivity of energy facilities by enabling prompt and effective interventions.
In conclusion, our work not only advances the technological capabilities in automated 3D reconstruction for digital twin creation but also addresses the practical implications of such advancements in the energy sector, paving the way for more autonomous and efficient asset management practices.