bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimation of the 3D correlation structure of an alluvial aquifer from surface‐based multi‐frequency ground‐penetrating radar reflection data
Authors: Xu Zhiwei , Irving James , Lindsay Kyle , Bradford John , Zhu Peimin , Holliger Klaus 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTKnowledge about the stochastic nature of heterogeneity in subsurface hydraulic properties is critical for aquifer characterization and the corresponding prediction of groundwater flow and contaminant transport. Whereas the vertical correlation structure of the heterogeneity is often well constrained by borehole information, the lateral correlation structure is generally unknown because the spacing between boreholes is too large to allow for its meaningful inference. There is, however, evidence to suggest that information on the lateral correlation structure may be extracted from the correlation statistics of the subsurface reflectivity structure imaged by surface‐based ground‐penetrating radar measurements. To date, case studies involving this approach have been limited to 2D profiles acquired at a single antenna centre frequency in areas with limited complementary information. As a result, the practical reliability of this methodology has been difficult to assess. Here, we extend previous work to 3D and consider reflection ground‐penetrating radar data acquired using two antenna centre frequencies at the extensively explored and well‐constrained Boise Hydrogeophysical Research Site. We find that the results obtained using the two ground‐penetrating radar frequencies are consistent with each other, as well as with information from a number of other studies at the Boise Hydrogeophysical Research Site. In addition, contrary to previous 2D work, our results indicate that the surface‐based reflection ground‐penetrating radar data are not only sensitive to the aspect ratio of the underlying heterogeneity, but also, albeit to a lesser extent, to the so‐called Hurst number, which is a key parameter characterizing the local variability of the fine‐scale structure.
Changes in vegetation composition and structure following livestock exclusion in a temperate fluvial wetland
Authors: Magnano Andrea L. , Krug Pamela , Casa Valeria , Quintana Rubén D. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractQuestionsResponses of wetland systems to grazing can be highly variable with both positive or negative responses. However, the sustainable use of wetlands for grazing will depend on the management implemented and the resilience of each type of them. In this context, we addressed the question: will the vegetation in the studied wetland be able to recover its structural and functional parameters in the short term after livestock exclusion?LocationTemperate fluvial wetlands in the middle Delta of the Paraná River, Argentina, South America.MethodsWe evaluated the effect of cattle ranching on vegetation composition and diversity by determining changes in species richness and evenness, biomass (green and dry vegetative, and reproductive biomass), and litter content. We also analyzed the changes in biomass of weeds and of species according to their forage quality, toxicity, and growth form. We applied a randomized block design (by topographic position) with repeated measures over time, using livestock exclusion as treatment.ResultsAfter 16 months, livestock exclusion affected vegetation species richness, but did not have a significant effect on diversity due to a slightly compensatory effect of evenness. Species composition differed markedly among treatments over time. There was an increase in dry and green vegetative biomass and litter content after eight months of exclusion, while changes in reproductive biomass occurred later. The increase in these variables was closely related to changes in biomass of species with erect habit and good forage quality.ConclusionsLivestock exclusion increased the forage value for the studied wetland by the development of natural palatable species typical of these environments. This shift in species composition promoted a higher production in biomass in the ungrazed areas. This suggests a remarkable recovery of the structural and functional parameters of the vegetation communities in the short term (two years).
Contextualizing compliance officers and their state of practice
Authors: Krambia‐Kapardis Maria , Stylianou Ioanna , Demetriou Salomi 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe compliance officers' (CO) profession has been evolving over the last few decades. The expectations placed upon the individuals holding such a position vary across jurisdictions, but they are all expected to ensure employees and management of the business entity comply with the law. Given the limited research on CO in Europe, and the increasing public interest in this profession, the current authors have carried out a survey in Cyprus in an effort to map out and contextualize the CO' profession. The findings illustrate CO's academic and professional qualifications, their awareness of their legal liability, the level of knowledge and job performance of their duties as prescribed by law, as well as gaps in the performance of duties as expected by management, boards, and regulators. The policy implications derived from the study suggest coherence and synergies to be found through common exam and postgraduate qualification in the field of financial compliance.
Three‐dimensional computed tomography analysis of frontoethmoidal cells: A critical evaluation of the International Frontal Sinus Anatomy Classification (IFAC)
Authors: Gotlib Tomasz , Kołodziejczyk Paulina , Kuźmińska Magdalena , Bobecka‐Wesołowska Konstancja , Niemczyk Kazimierz 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjectivesTwo major classifications of frontoethmoidal cells, Lee and Kuhn and the IFAC (International Frontal Sinus Anatomy Classification), distinguish anterior, posterior and medial cells. The European anatomical position paper includes also lateral cells. According to the IFAC, anterior cells push the frontal sinus drainage pathway (FSDP) medially, posteriorly or posteromedially. Posterior cells push the FSDP anteriorly. The only medial cell, pushing the FSDP laterally is the frontal septal cell, which is attached to or located in the interfrontal sinus septum. The aim of this study was to verify the IFAC and characterise cells, which are inconsistent with this classification.DesignA radioanatomic analysis.SettingTertiary university hospital.ParticipantsOne hundred and three Caucasian adult patients with no inflammatory changes in paranasal sinuses CT.Main outcomes measureResults of assessment of multiplanar reconstruction of thin slice CT.ResultsTwo types of cells that cannot be classified using the IFAC were found: (a) Lateral cells extending between the skull base and the anterior buttress, pushing the FSDP anteromedially or medially, present in 34 (16.5%) of the sides, (b) Paramedian cells: medially based, not adjacent to the interfrontal septum, pushing the FSDP laterally and posteriorly, present in 33 (16%) of sides. Suprabulla cells and suprabulla frontal cells were found to push the FSDP in directions other than anterior 28% and 31% of the time respectively.ConclusionsNeglecting lateral and paramedian cells may lead to inconsistent results between radioanatomical studies and impede communication between surgeons. They should be included in existing classifications of frontoethmoidal cells.
A novel 13‐plex STR typing system for individual identification and parentage testing of donkeys (Equus asinus)
Authors: Dang W. , Shang S. , Zhang X. , Yu Y. , Irwin D. M. , Wang Z. , Zhang S. 
Published: August 2019

SummaryBackgroundPrevious studies investigating donkey parentage and genetic diversity used horse‐specific multiplex systems. However, several mis‐allele and null‐allele issues were found with some of the horse primers when used in donkeys. In 2017, the International Society for Animal Genetics (ISAG) recommended 13 dinucleotide short tandem repeats (STRs) (AHT4, ASB23, HMS2, HMS3, HMS6, HMS7, HMS18, HTG7, HTG10, TKY297, TKY312, TKY337 and TKY343) as a core panel that should be used to identify individuals and to test for parentage in donkeys. To date, no single multiplex STR typing system containing all 13 donkey STRs recommended by the ISAG has been reported.ObjectivesTo establish a novel and donkey‐specific multiplex STR typing system containing all 13 recommended STRs.Study designAssay development and validation in field population.MethodsPrimers for seven of the STRs were redesigned and conditions for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were optimised. We analysed the allele sequences, sensitivity, species‐specificity and stutter ratios of this new system.ResultsA 13‐plex STR typing system for donkey was established. A full profile could be generated from a single PCR reaction using as little as 5 ng of DNA template with the 13 pairs of primers labelled with fluorescent dyes. An allele ladder, containing 101 alleles from the 13 STRs, was generated. No full genotype profile was generated with these primers if DNA from humans, or 11 other commonly encountered animals, was used. Genotypes could be generated for the horse and horse‐donkey hybrids (mule and hinny). Stutter ratios and population genetic parameters were calculated based on samples from 150 donkeys. The combined probabilities of paternity exclusion for this system were 0.988907326 (CPEduo) and 0.999665018 (CPEtrio).Main limitationsThis system cannot detect sex.ConclusionsOur results indicate that our donkey‐specific 13‐plex STR typing system is sensitive, species‐specific and robust for individual identification, paternity testing and population genetic analysis in donkeys, and has potential forensic applications.
Myenteric networks of interstitial cells of Cajal are reduced in horses with inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Fintl C. , Lindberg R. , McL. Press C. 
Published: August 2019

SummaryBackgroundInflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a well‐recognised but poorly understood disease complex in the horse. Clinical signs may vary but often include weight loss, diarrhoea and colic. The effect this disease process may have on the gastrointestinal pacemaker cells (the interstitial cells of Cajal), enteric neurons and glial cells has not been previously evaluated in the horse.ObjectivesTo compare the density of the interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC), enteric neurons and glial cells in horses with IBD to those of normal horses using immunohistochemical markers.Study designRetrospective, quantitative immunohistochemical study.MethodsIleal samples were collected during post‐mortem examinations from 14 horses with a clinical and histopathological diagnosis of IBD and from eight normal controls. All horses were Standardbreds 1–15 years of age. Six of the IBD cases had eosinophilic gastroenteritis (EG) while the remaining eight had granulomatous enteritis (GE). Tissue sections were labelled with anti‐CD117 (c‐Kit), anti‐TMEM16 (TMEM16), anti‐protein gene product (PGP9.5) and anti‐glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) using standard immunohistochemical labelling techniques. Image analysis was performed to quantify the presence of ICC (CD117, TMEM16) as well as neuronal (PGP9.5) and enteroglial (GFAP) networks.ResultsInterstitial cells of Cajal networks were significantly reduced in the myenteric plexus (MP) region in IBD horses compared with the controls for both markers (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the density of the neuronal or glial cell markers between the two groups (P>0.05).Main limitationsThe number of horses included in the study.ConclusionsDisruption to ICC networks may contribute to the clinical signs of colic in some horses with IBD. Further studies are needed to establish the pathophysiological mechanisms involved and the functional effects of the reduced ICC networks.
Prognostic significance of red cell distribution width in hospitalized older patients with heart failure or infection
Authors: Nakashima Keitaro , Ohgami Eiichi , Kato Kazuhiko , Yoshitomi Souichi , Maruyama Toru , Harada Mine 
Published: August 2019

AimRed cell distribution width (RDW) is a simple, sensitive and cost‐effective parameter, and is associated with pathophysiology of many common diseases. The aim of the present study was to investigate the prognostic role of RDW in older adults hospitalized for the treatment of heart failure (HF) or infection, because both diseases are fatal, especially in the geriatric population.MethodsThis observational study consecutively enrolled 196 Japanese older (aged ≥75 years) patients hospitalized for the treatment of HF (group A, n = 102) or non‐cardiovascular bacterial infection (group B, n = 94). Baseline and clinical data were extracted from medical records. The observational period was that of hospitalization. The primary end‐point was classified in the order of discharge to the patients’ home, discharge to other facilities and in‐hospital death.ResultsLonger hospital stay (P < 0.01) and worse prognosis (P < 0.01), including higher in‐hospital mortality, were found in patients showing RDW ≥15% relative to those with RDW <15% in both groups. RDW showed no in‐hospital variation despite successful treatment of acutely decompensated HF in selected patients of group A (n = 64).ConclusionsThe present study showed the role of RDW in predicting the prognostic outcome of older adults hospitalized for the treatment of HF or infection, indicating that RDW is a stable and reliable parameter in these common diseases. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2019; 19: 988–992.
High‐temperature oxidation behavior of (Hf0.2Zr0.2Ta0.2Nb0.2Ti0.2)C high‐entropy ceramics in air
Authors: Ye Beilin , Wen Tongqi , Chu Yanhui 
Published: August 2019

AbstractHigh‐entropy metal carbides have recently been arousing considerable interest. Nevertheless, their high‐temperature oxidation behavior is rarely studied. Herein the high‐temperature oxidation behavior of (Hf0.2Zr0.2Ta0.2Nb0.2Ti0.2)C high‐entropy metal carbide (HEC‐1) was investigated at 1573‐1773 K in air for 120 minutes. The results showed that HEC‐1 had good oxidation resistance and its oxidation obeyed a parabolic law at 1573‐1673 K, while HEC‐1 was completely oxidized after isothermal oxidation at 1773 K for 60 minutes and thereby its oxidation followed a parabolic‐linear law at 1773 K. An interesting triple‐layered structure was observed within the formed oxide layer at 1673 K, which was attributed to the inward diffusion of O2 and the outward diffusion of Ti element and CO or CO2 gaseous products.
Genome‐wide scan for runs of homozygosity in the composite Montana Tropical® beef cattle
Authors: Peripolli Elisa , Stafuzza Nedenia Bonvino , Amorim Sabrina Thaise , de Lemos Marcos Vinícius Antunes , Grigoletto Laís , Kluska Sabrina , Ferraz José Bento Sterman , Eler Joanir Pereira , Mattos Elisângela Chicaroni , Baldi Fernando 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe aim of this study was to assess the distribution of runs of homozygosity (ROH) and autozygosity islands in the composite Montana Tropical® beef cattle to explore hotspot regions which could better characterize the different biological types within the composite breed. Montana animals (n = 1,436) were genotyped with the GGP‐LD BeadChip (~30,000 markers). ROH was identified in every individual using the plink v1.90 software. Medium and long ROH prevailed in the genome, which accounted for approximately 74% of all ROH detected. On an average, 2.0% of the genome was within ROH, agreeing with the pedigree‐based inbreeding coefficient. The Montana cattle with a higher proportion of productive breed types showed the highest number of autozygosity islands (n = 17), followed by those with a higher proportion of breeds adapted to tropical environments (n = 15). Enriched terms (p < .05) associated with the immune and inflammatory response, homeostasis, reproduction, mineral absorption, and lipid metabolism were described within the autozygosity islands. In this regard, over‐represented GO terms and KEGG pathways described in this population may play a key role in providing information to explore the genetic and biological mechanisms together with the genomic regions underlying each biological type that favoured their optimal performance ability in tropical and subtropical regions.
Annual report of Reproductive Endocrinology Committee, Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2019
Authors: Osuga Yutaka , Akira Shigeo , Irahara Minoru , Iwase Akira , Katagiri Yukiko , Kugu Koji , Terada Yukihiro , Maruyama Tetsuo , Fujiwara Hiroshi 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology Reproductive Endocrinology Committee summarizes the activities of each subcommittee below from April 2017 to March 2019.
Current important issues regarding reproductive medicine were examined and discussed from social, political, ethical and scientific viewpoints.
A nation‐wide survey targeted at OB/GYN facilities revealed the usual procedure in diagnosis and management of fertility‐desiring POI patients and fertility outcomes of the patients.
How to introduce and adapt FIGO AUB systems to obstetric and gynecologic practices in Japan was examined and discussed.
Comorbid depressive disorders and left‐side dominant occlusal discomfort in patients with phantom bite syndrome
Authors: Shinohara Yukiko , Umezaki Yojiro , Minami Ichiro , Watanabe Motoko , Miura Anna , Mikutsuki Lou , Kawasaki Kaoru , Sugawara Shiori , Trang Tu Thi Hyen , Suga Takayuki , Watanabe Takeshi , Yoshikawa Tatsuya , Takenoshita Miho , Motomura Haruhiko , Toyofuku Akira 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundPhantom bite syndrome (PBS) is characterised by occlusal discomfort without corresponding dental abnormalities. Despite repeated, failed dental treatments, patients with PBS persist in seeking bite correction. PBS has been regarded as a mental disorder. However, we have reported that PBS patients with a dental trigger tend to have less psychiatric history than those without. Hence, the symptoms of PBS cannot be explained by a mental disorder alone, and it is unclear if mental disorders affect occlusal sensation.ObjectiveTo elucidate the pathophysiology of PBS, we analysed the dental history, PBS symptom laterality and psychiatric history of patients.MethodsIn this retrospective study, we reviewed outpatients with PBS who presented at our clinic between April 2012 and March 2017. Their medical records were reviewed for demographic data, medical history and laterality of occlusal discomfort.ResultsApproximately half of the 199 enrolled patients had bilateral occlusal discomfort. In the others, the side with occlusal discomfort generally tended to be the one that had received dental treatment. There was no significant relationship between the side chiefly affected by occlusal discomfort and whether dental treatment had been received; however, the affected side differed depending on whether the patient had comorbid psychiatric disorders (P = .041).ConclusionsThe distributions of the side with symptoms of PBS were different between those with and without comorbid psychiatric disorders, suggesting that psychiatric disorders might affect occlusal sensation due to a subtle dysfunction in brain areas central to sensory integration. Central dysfunction might play an important role in PBS.
The Adoption of the Healthy Eating Standards in Local Afterschool Programs Does Not Improve Quality of Snacks
Authors: Helmick Meagan , Esmond Abigail C. , Hedrick Valisa , Zoellner Jamie , You Wen , Hill Jennie L. 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTOBJECTIVESIn 2011, the National Afterschool Association adopted the Healthy Eating and Physical Activity (HEPA) standards to address snack quality and physical activity in afterschool programs. Although research has indicated promise in the adoption of these policies by national organizations, less is known about local adoption, implementation, and effectiveness. In this study, we aimed to compare the quality of snacks served at program sites pre‐ and post‐adoption and to determine the quality of non‐program snacks compared to program snacks.METHODSAn interrupted time series design was used to measure snack quality and consumption at 3 policy adopting sites and 2 non‐policy adopting sites that served as a comparison control. Trained research staff collected snack type, brand, and amount consumed using a modified quarter‐waste method. Analysis on nutrient content of snacks was completed using Nutrition Data System for Research software.RESULTSAdoption of the HEPA standards among policy adopting sites did not result in significantly better snack quality. Across all sites, program snacks were healthier than non‐program snacks.CONCLUSIONPursuing additional components of the HEPA standards related to implementation may be necessary to significantly improve snack quality. Environmental supports such as limiting the amount of non‐program snacks available onsite may improve snack quality.
The role of ADGRE5/CD97 in human retinal pigment epithelial cell growth and survival
Authors: Eichler Wolfram , Lohrenz Andrea , Simon Kay‐Uwe , Krohn Sandra , Lange Johannes , Bürger Susanne , Liebscher Ines 
Published: August 2019

AbstractCell surface molecules of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells participate in the pathogenesis of retinal diseases. In an attempt to identify cell surface proteins that play a role in RPE cell–cell interactions, we have considered studying the expression, regulation, and signaling of ADGRE5/CD97, an adhesion G protein–coupled receptor family member, based on its known adhesive function in other cell types such as leukocytes. We showed that RPE cells express three isoforms of CD97 and identified inflammation‐related cytokines as important mediators regulating CD97 expression. Whereas TNF‐α and IFN‐γ upregulated CD97, TGF‐β decreased CD97 expression. Due to interaction with CD55, ARPE‐19 cells firmly adhered to monocytes and T lymphocytes when overexpressing CD97, suggesting a role for CD97 in controlling leukocyte infiltration across the RPE‐based blood–retinal barrier. CD97‐mediated signaling acted synergistically with PDGF‐BB and IFN‐γ to regulate cell growth and survival, ensuring a cellular balance under inflammatory conditions. These findings suggest that CD97 on RPE cells serves to control leukocyte activation and trafficking in uveoretinal inflammation while at the same time regulating second messenger‐mediated gene expression, cell growth, and survival.
Interleukin‐8/β‐catenin mediates epithelial–mesenchymal transition in ameloblastoma
Authors: Zhang Jie , Wang Yanhui , Fan Cunhui , Xiao Ximei , Zhang Qian , Xu Tao , Jiang Chunmiao 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjectiveEpithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is important in the tooth development and tumor invasion. We investigated the effect of interleukin‐8 (IL‐8) on the EMT process in primary‐cultured ameloblastoma tumor cells (AM‐P) and ameloblastoma immortalized tumor cells (AM‐L) and its underlying mechanism.MethodsIL‐8 levels in ameloblastomas were detected by immunofluorescence staining and ELISA. AM‐P cells and AM‐L cells were stimulated with IL‐8, and EMT transcription factors, total β‐catenin and phosphorylated‐β‐catenin (p‐β‐catenin) levels were determined by Western blot analysis and immunofluorescence staining. β‐catenin siRNA was used to knockdown β‐catenin expression in AM‐P cells and AM‐L cells stimulated with IL‐8.ResultsIL‐8 was highly expressed in the solid ameloblastomas. IL‐8 promoted the EMT process in ameloblastoma tumor cells in vitro, as evidenced by decreased E‐cadherin and increased vimentin, twist and zeb1 levels. IL‐8 also increased total β‐catenin and p‐β‐catenin expression in ameloblastoma tumor cells, and β‐catenin knockdown partially inhibited the EMT process in tumor cells, as evidenced by increased E‐cadherin, and decreased vimentin and zeb1 levels.ConclusionsIL‐8 could promote EMT in ameloblastoma tumor cells by activating β‐catenin and its downstream transcription factor zeb1.