bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Preoperative Planning Tool: Aggregate Anterior Approach to the Humerus With Quantitative Comparisons
Authors: Phelps Kevin D. , Harmer Luke S. , Crickard Colin V. , Hamid Nady , Sample Katherine M. , Andrews Erica B. , Seymour Rachel B. , Hsu Joseph R. 
Published: April 2018

Summary:
Extensile approaches to the humerus are often needed when treating complex proximal or distal fractures that have extension into the humeral shaft or in those fractures that occur around implants. The 2 most commonly used approaches for more complex fractures include the modified lateral paratricipital approach and the deltopectoral approach with distal anterior extension. Although the former is well described and quantified, the latter is often associated with variable nomenclature with technical descriptions that can be confusing. Furthermore, a method to expose the entire humerus through an anterior extensile approach has not been described. Here, we illustrate and quantify a technique for connecting anterior humeral approaches in a stepwise fashion to form an aggregate anterior approach (AAA). We also describe a method for further distal extension to expose 100% of the length of the humerus and compare this approach with both the AAA and the lateral paratricipital in terms of access to critical bony landmarks, as well as the length and area of bone exposed.
Older women do not have seasonal variations of vitamin D levels: a study from a southern country
Authors: Vallejo María S. , Blümel Juan E. , Lavín Pablo , Torres Claudio , Araos Alejandro , Sciaraffia Carlos 
Published: April 2018

Abstract

Objective:
The aim was to study whether the seasonal variation of vitamin D [25(OH)-D or calcidiol] is similar or different in younger and older women living in a southern country.

Methods:
Measurement of serum 25(OH)-D concentration in 739 Chilean women aged 20 to 87 years, residents of Santiago (latitude: 33.4° South) who, during a routine gynaecological checkup, agreed to be evaluated.

Results:
The mean serum concentration of 25(OH)-D for the group was 24.1 ± 10.5 ng/mL. In women 20 to 39 years, the mean was significantly different from the mean of the ≥60 years old group (25.8 ± 10.6 ng/mL vs 23.9 ± 11.1 ng/mL; P < 0.02). Globally, 38.4% of participants had vitamin D deficiency and 36.1% insufficiency. A deficiency was present in 28.4% of the 20 to 39 years old, and in 43.9% in the ≥60 years old group (P < 0.004). In the whole group, a lower proportion (P < 0.0001) of vitamin D deficiency cases in the youngest women occurred during the summer (23.7%) in comparison to the winter (47.7%). It was observed that the proportion of participants in the 20 to 39 years old group with vitamin D deficiency fell from 48.9% in winter to 4.9% in summer (P = 0.0001). In the older groups, this change (less deficiency) is progressively smaller, 51.2% to 27.6% (P = 0.0020) in women 40 to 59 years old, and it does not happen in women ≥60 years (40% with vitamin D deficiency).

Conclusions:
Serum vitamin D deficiency [25(OH)-D or calcidiol] is highly prevalent in Santiago, especially in older women (≥60 y) throughout the year. In contrast, in younger women (<40 y), the vitamin D deficiency tends to disappear during summer. More epidemiological studies and targeted prevention actions on vitamin D deficiency are warranted.
Experimental Evidence of the Healing Properties of Lactobionic Acid for Ocular Surface Disease
Authors: Olivieri Melania , Cristaldi Martina , Pezzino Salvatore , Lupo Gabriella , Anfuso Carmelina Daniela , Gagliano Caterina , Genovese Carlo , Rusciano Dario 
Published: April 2018

Purpose:
The aim of this study was to investigate the properties of lactobionic acid (LA) as a possible supplement in artificial tears in in vitro and in vivo experimental model systems. LA is a bionic derivative of a polyhydroxy acid, which consists of one galactose attached by an ether link to a gluconic acid. It is a molecule endowed with several properties that make it an ideal supplement in artificial tears: it is highly hygroscopic and a powerful antioxidant, it is an iron chelator and inhibits matrix metalloprotease activity; it favors wound healing (WH); and it inhibits bacterial growth.

Methods:
Promotion of WH by LA, alone or in combination with hyaluronic acid (HA), was investigated in vitro on monolayers of rabbit corneal cells (Statens Seruminstitut) and in vivo after epithelium debridement of rabbit corneas. TGF-β expression and MMP-9 activity in wounded corneas were detected in tears and cornea extracts by western blot or by Enzyme Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay (ELISA). Bacterial growth inhibition by LA was checked on Staphylococcus aureus isolates in liquid culture.

Results:
LA, with or without HA, favors WH in vitro and in vivo. The WH assay on the rabbit cornea showed that 4% LA in association with 0.15% HA also resulted in a blunted increase of MMP-9 and TGF-β in tears and corneal tissue. Finally, the presence of 4% LA resulted in slower growth of cultured bacterial isolates.

Conclusions:
Our findings support the hypothesis that LA could be a useful supplement to artificial tears to treat ocular surface dysfunction such as dry eye.
Near and Distance Stereoacuity in Patients With Primary Open-angle Glaucoma
Authors: Park Chan Keum , Kim Dai Woo , Lee Chang Kyu 
Published: April 2018

Purpose:
To compare near and distance stereoacuity between patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and a control group, and to analyze the associations between stereoacuity and POAG severity.

Methods:
This cross-sectional study compared near and distance stereoacuity between the POAG and control groups. The data from the POAG group were used to assess the associations between stereoacuity (both near and distance) and the severity of visual field (VF) defects (based on Hodapp-Anderson-Parrish classification and the VF index).

Results:
The study included 94 eyes of 47 patients with POAG and 80 eyes of 40 control subjects. Near and distance stereoacuity were significantly lower in the POAG group than in the control group (both P<0.001). Near stereoacuity worsened with POAG severity in terms of both the Hodapp-Anderson-Parrish classification and VF index (P=0.007 and P=0.049, respectively). However, distance stereoacuity was not associated with POAG severity for either categorization (P=0.12 and P=0.57, respectively). The proportions of patients with reduced near stereoacuity and those with a lack of distance stereoacuity were higher in the POAG group than in the control group.

Conclusions:
Near and distance stereoacuity were significantly lower among patients with POAG than among control subjects. Near stereoacuity worsened with increasing POAG severity but distance stereoacuity did not. However, the proportion of patients with a lack of distance stereoacuity was higher in the POAG group than in the control group.
Pilot Teledermatology Service for Assessing Solitary Skin Lesions in a Tertiary London Dermatology Center
Authors: Cheung Chung-mei Maggie , Muttardi Kayria , Chinthapalli Suchitra , Ismail Ferina 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACT

Background:
Efficient clinical pathways are needed to meet the growing pressures in dermatology due to the significant rise in the number of suspected skin cancer referrals. Our hospital serves a wide geographical area and receives a large number of 2-week-wait (2WW) suspected skin cancer referrals. In the United Kingdom, approximately 10–12% of 2WW referrals are diagnosed as skin cancers fulfilling the 2WW criteria.

Purpose:
We sought to assess the role of teledermatology in reducing hospital consultations for patients referred via the dermatology 2WW pathway.

Methods:
We piloted a teledermatology service and detailed the clinical outcomes of patients with solitary skin lesions of uncertain diagnosis triaged through this pathway. Seventy-six primary care referrals were reviewed by consultant dermatologists and analyzed against the British Association of Dermatologists' teledermatology audit standards.

Results:
In 52/76 (68%) of patients, confident benign diagnoses were made, avoiding the need for a face-to-face (FTF) consultation.

Conclusions:
Our results showed that with adequate image quality, teledermatology can be used to accurately diagnose skin lesions.

Implications:
Teledermatology can significantly reduce the number of urgent referrals necessitating FTF appointments, therefore providing a new solution to streamline care delivery.
Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Role on Notalgia Paresthetica
Authors: da Cruz Cristina M. , Antunes Filipe 
Published: April 2018

AbstractNotalgia paresthetica is a rarely reported T2–T6 sensory neuropathy whose etiology and treatment are not fully established. Although it is believed to be common in dermatological practice, it remains underrecognized, underdiagnosed, and therefore underreported. This case-report provides a physical medicine and rehabilitation perspective on notalgia paresthetica diagnosis and treatment. This article presents a case report of a 39-yr-old woman with pain, pruritus, and a hyperpigmented area in the right dorsal infra scapular region. The diagnosis of notalgia paresthetica was established. She was successfully treated with topical anesthetics, postural corrective exercises, scapular muscle strengthening, and pectoral muscle stretching. In this context, different treatment options were reviewed. A small set of pharmacological and nonpharmacological techniques were identified. Several of these modalities belong to the physical medicine and rehabilitation field of action.
Dolutegravir resistance mutations: lessons from monotherapy studies
Authors: Blanco José L. , Marcelin Anne-Geneviéve , Katlama Christine , Martinez Esteban 
Published: April 2018

Purpose of review
Dolutegravir (DTG) is a second-generation integrase strand transfer inhibitor (InSTI) with an outstanding antiviral potency, good tolerability, good pharmacokinetic profile with a lack of major drug–drug interactions, and a barrier to resistance higher than the other compounds of the class (raltegravir and elvitegravir) and allegedly as high as that of boosted protease inhibitors. For these reasons, DTG, after successful results in a context of triple therapy in various clinical scenarios, has been investigated mostly by independent investigators in less-drug regimens, including dolutegravir monotherapy, in the context of a growing clinical interest for adjusting successful antiretroviral therapy to the increasing number of limitations for standard antiretroviral therapy in some HIV-infected patients. However, the development of genotypic resistance in case of failure to DTG monotherapy was unexpected.

Recent findings
Data on efficacy and resistance from preclinical studies, randomized clinical trials and clinical cohorts of HIV-infected patients treated with DTG monotherapy published in indexed journals or presented at international meetings were reviewed.

Summary
Monotherapy with dolutegravir has a high rate for resistance selection in the integrase gene through different pathways in case of virological failure.
Identification of PTBP1 responsible for caspase dependent YRNA cleavage
Authors: Ogata Jun , Sugiura Yuki , Kanai Akinori , Tanaka Masafumi , Matsui Hirotaka , Ohtsuka Masato , Inaba Toshiya , Otsuka Motoyuki , Kotani Ai 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACTSome RNAs such as 28S rRNA, U1 snRNA, and Y RNAs are known to be cleaved during apoptosis. As the underlying mechanism is yet unclear, the functions and biological significance of RNA degradation in apoptosis remain elusive. We previously identified novel, functional small RNAs named AGO-taxis small RNA (ASR) that are specifically bound to AGO1. Here, we investigated ASR biogenesis, which appears to be non-canonical. Y RNAs, non-coding RNAs degraded during apoptosis, were identified as the precursors of several ASRs. Cell-free analysis combined with fractionation methods revealed that the apoptosis-specific biogenesis of ASRs or Y RNA degradation was induced by PTBP1—an endoribonuclease inhibitor of Y RNAs. PTBP1, a splicing factor, was truncated by caspase 3, which subsequently activated endoribonuclease to induce biogenesis of ASRs and Y RNA cleavage.
Accounting for the male domination through legislative empowerment of upper-middle class women in the early nineteenth century Spain
Authors: Bernal María Dolores Capelo , Pinzón Pedro Araújo , Funnell Warwick 
Published: April 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to address both the neglect of non-Anglo-centric accounting gendered practices beyond the predominant professional setting and the controversial roles of women and accounting in power relationships inside the household. Analyzing a Spanish upper-middle class Catholic family in the early nineteenth century, the research focuses on the reciprocal interaction of accounting with practices and processes of daily life in a rigid patriarchal socio-cultural and juridical context.

Design/methodology/approach
This microhistory draws upon several archives, including in Spain the Archivo Histórico Provincial de Cádiz. In England, the Bath Record Office has preserved documents and correspondence, both personal and business related, and the Worcester Record Office preserved notarial documents concerning the family. The large number of letters which have survived has facilitated an in-depth study of the people who were affected by accounting calculations.

Findings
In a juridical context where women were conceived as merely the means for the circulation of property between two families, the evidence shows that accounting provided the proof of women’s patrimony value and the means to facilitate their recovery in this cosification process. Although women had a little involvement in the household’s accounting and management, they demonstrated confidence in accounting, fulfilling a stewardship function for the resources received. Also, evidence shows that by using accounting practices to shield supposedly defenseless women, this reinforced male domination over women and promoted the view that the role of women was as an ornament and in need of a good husband.

Originality/value
Contrasting with the Anglo-Saxon contemporary context, the Spanish law preserved a woman’s property rights, guaranteeing recovery of properties owned by her before marriage should the marriage be legally annulled or be dissolved because one of the spouses’ death. This required a detailed accounting of the wife’s properties brought to her marriage, most especially regarding the dowry provided by her family.
Taking apart structural change
Authors: Rosenberg Age 
Published: April 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to discuss the role of communication in relieving tensions that can arise from organizational practices enacted during structural change. Practices, according to Whittington (2006, p. 619), constitute shared routines of behaviour, including traditions, norms and procedures for thinking and acting.

Design/methodology/approach
Employees’ reflections regarding what, how and why certain circumstances occurred during the structural reform of an Estonian State Institution with approximately 300 employees, comprised the study data. Reflections were collected during 27 interviews conducted after recent change to the structure of this organization. After aggregating different actions, associations and emotions into practices, these practices were assigned to elements offered by Schatzki (2005), and tensions between the elements sought and analysed.

Findings
Analysis of the three practices extracted as forming part of the structural reform – management decision-making, recruitment and physical relocation – showed that in organizational settings, the constitutional role of communication within practices needs conscious attention at different levels of the practice. Tensions that arose between practice elements, e.g. rules or reasons for doing something not complying with ways of doing it, revealed the need for metacommunication regarding those elements.

Practical implications
Communication during organizational changes needs to be more than crafted messages via well-organized channels from the communications department; it needs to penetrate to all different levels before, during and after a change. All that to create as many opportunities for employees at all levels to collectively make sense of what is happening and for the management to make necessary changes based on that. It should be created consciously by for example inviting employees together in discussion circles during the planning phase of the change and outlining the key processes of the change in question with them involved.

Originality/value
The value of this study is in investigating what goes on in an organization by distancing oneself from the immediate behaviour of an individual to focus on patterns of action, which gives another understanding as to why even when people wish for the best, things often still do not turn out as hoped. This approach refers to the theory that there are tensions or mistakes coded into practices, thus allowing one to look at inter-personal communication as part of other actions, not as a separate line of actions.
Influence from organisational factors on patient safety and safety behaviour among nurses and hospital staff
Authors: Olsen Espen 
Published: April 2018

Purpose
Hospital systems are expected to influence patient safety outcomes. The purpose of this study is to explore organisational factors influencing patient safety and safety behaviour among nurses and other hospital staff.

Design/methodology/approach
Based on a theoretical model, six dimensions were selected from the hospital survey on patient safety culture. Moreover, one standardized dimension measuring safety behaviour was included. The data were collected from 1,703 hospital workers completing a cross-sectional survey.

Findings
Confirmatory factor analysis and supplementary statistics supported the use of measurement concepts applied in the study. A two-step statistical approach using structural equation modelling resulted in a satisfactory final model illustrating direct and indirect influence of the explanatory factors used.

Research limitations/implications
The limitation of this study is the use of a cross-sectional survey design.

Practical implications
The study illustrates how organisational factors are interconnected. The theoretical model developed and tested can be applied to improve safety behaviour and patient safety in hospital settings.

Social implications
The social implications of this study include the social relationships within the hospital setting, illustrating how organisational factors influence both safety behaviour and perception of patient safety levels.

Originality/value
A new theoretical model is developed and tested among hospital staff. The paper adds a new perspective on how organisational factors influence perceived safety outcomes in hospital settings.
Principal-agent relationship issues in Islamic banks: a view of Islamic ethical system
Authors: Zainuldin Mohd Haniff , Lui Tze Kiat , Yii Kwang Jing 
Published: April 2018

PurposeThis paper aims to discuss and explore the unique agency issues in Islamic banks which give rise to different agency conflicts exist in Islamic banks as compared to conventional banks. In addition, this paper critically examines agency theory in Islamic banking perspective by incorporating Islamic ethical considerations in the principal–agent setting.Design/methodology/approachThis is a conceptual paper, and the discussions revolve around the review of literature of which important sources have been cited in a way that demonstrates a reasonable understanding of the topic. It attempts to create a discourse around the inclusion of Islamic ethical system in understanding the governance structure of Islamic banks.FindingsThis paper concludes that Islamic ethical system embedded in the Islamic banks business activities shapes Islamic banks into organisations that place higher ethical considerations than conventional banks. Therefore, Islamic banks are likely to have less severe agency problems relative to their conventional counterparts.Research limitations/implicationsBecause of the chosen research approach, the research results may lack generalisability. Therefore, researchers are encouraged to test the proposed propositions further.Practical implicationsAs the discourse generated by the paper, it can ultimately enhance the understanding of Islamic governance structure in the perspective of agency issues.Social implicationsAs the discourse generated by the paper, it can ultimately enhance the understanding of Islamic governance structure in the perspective of agency issues.Originality/valueThe paper attempts to bring to attention the important aspect of principal–agent relationship within the Islamic banking structures and explain the role of incorporating Islamic ethical system in enhancing the understanding of the principal–agent relationship.
A dualistic view of brand portfolios: the company’s versus the customers’ view
Authors: Åsberg Per 
Published: April 2018

Purpose
Brand architecture and brand portfolios have been regarded as absolute entities to be analysed from the company’s perspective. The purpose of this study is to question such a uniform view by adding a perceptional dimension to the two concepts.

Design/methodology/approach
Semi-structured interviews with 58 marketing professionals and customers were used to explore ten propositions and map associations in the perceived brand portfolios, based on the brand concept map methodology.

Findings
The study reveals systematic differences between the collective view of company representatives, who name fewer brands associated through more sophisticated and highly connected brand systems and customers who include more partners and competitor brands in the portfolio, who also name more brands and connections in total.

Research limitations/implications
Implications of the results are analysed and future research is suggested to determine the generalizability of the findings and the economic implications of discrepant internal and external views of a brand architecture and brand portfolio.

Practical implications
Academics should relate to this dualism by compensating for the effects of the associative predisposition of employees versus customers when interpreting results of studies related to brand portfolios and brand architecture. Marketing practitioners must actively acknowledge and manage the role of partners and competitors as part of the company’s external brand portfolio.

Originality/value
This study is the first to problematize the unilateral interpretation of brand portfolios and brand architecture by introducing a dual view of these concepts based on internal (employees) and external (consumers) perceptions.