bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Architectural Appearance of the Cult Buildings Ensemble in the Village of Purekh in the Chkalovsky District of Nizhny Novgorod Region
Authors: Volkova Elena M. 
Published: September 2018

The architectural image of the village of Purekh in the Chkalovsky district of the Nizhny Novgorod region is considered. Its spatial structure is formed by a system of dominants consisting of a different ensemble of religious buildings, stone churches: Preobrazhenskaya (XVII century), Dukhovskaya (1904), Nikolskaya (1864), Nativity of the Virgin (1854) on the historical Lenin street - the compositional axis of the village, and low-rise rural estate development. The degree of preservation of the historical and urban environment of Purekh is high, the metrorhythmic composition of Lenin Street is an example of the morphotypic preservation of fragments of the Russian village architectural environment of the beginning of the 20th century, the compositional center of which is formed by the elements of the religious buildings ensemble.
The comprehensive analysis of the architectural appearance of the Purekh religious buildings ensemble included: an assessment of the village town planning layout taking into account thelandscape; thelocation of church buildings in the structure of the settlement, their interaction with each other, the hierarchy in the compositional and artistic decision of the ensemble, the definition of dominance visibility basins, the main panoramas, the silhouette of religious buildings, the morphotypes of background buildings; history, features of location, spatial planning decisions, stylistics, decor of each monument. The study introduces data on the religious buildings of Purekh, monuments of the 17th - early 20th centuries, into scientific usage on the basis of analysis of archival, design, literary and other sources, photo-fixation of objects, and their graphic reconstruction. Results can form the basis of documents for the reconstruction and restoration of objects, which will increase the attractiveness of Purekh for residents, tourists and investors.
Thulium Laser Enucleation of the Prostate (ThuLEP) as a Technique for Treatment of BPH: Evaluation of a Six-Year Experience at a Single Institution
Authors: Vazirian-Zadeh Mahmood , Anderson Jane , Gill Ravine , Noaman Islam , Lee Katie , Krasnowski Henryk , Ho KJ 
Published: September 2018

Background and objective Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) has been the undisputed reference standard for elderly men with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) caused by benign prostatic enlargement (BPE). However, morbidity after TURP remains significant, with increased risks of bleeding and TUR syndrome. In recent years, there has been a gradual increase in the role of laser technology for the treatment of symptomatic BPE. The aim of our study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the novel technique Thulim laser enucleation of prostate (ThuLEP) developed for the first time in 2009 by Imkamp et al. in treating symptomatic BPE. Materials and methods Analysis of the data from electronic records, case notes, clinic letters all the patients who had undergone ThuLEP using a 70 W thulium laser (Revolix) for symptomatic outflow obstruction over a 6-year period was done. We looked at the pre-procedure PSA, maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax), Post void residual (PVR) and haemoglobin, comparing it with the postoperative haemoglobin. Results Two-hundred twenty-two patients underwent ThuLEP procedure performed by 2 surgeons. We found a 159 % improvement in Q max, a 61 % improvement in PVR. No mortalities occurred and only 1 patient required post operative blood transfusion. ThuLEP represents a safe, effective surgical option in patients with symptomatic BPH with relatively little complications, producing significant improvements in both Qmax and PVR.
Preferensi Aedes aegypti Meletakkan Telur pada Berbagai Warna Ovitrap di Laboratorium
Authors: Nurjana Made Agus , Kurniawan Ade 
Published: September 2018

Dengue Haemograffic fever is a vector borne disease which caused outbreaks and death. There is no applied vaccine until now, so the effort of prevention and control is to terminate chain of infection mosquito breeding. Factors which influenced the female mosquitoe to lay their eggsare type of container, color, water, temperature, water source, humidity and environment condition. This study was conducted to determine the preferences of Ae. aegypti mosquitoes to lay aggs in various colors ovitrap in the laboratory of Balai Litbang P2B2 Donggala, January until March 2015. Three repetitions with plastic cup black, blue, white, yellow and pink have been performed with water and filter pappers. 30 mosquitoes blood saturation included in the containers with various colors. The result showed that most of female mosquito laid their eggs in plastic cup black (53,2%). ANOVA analysis showed that the diversity of colors ovitrap produce different the number of eggs Ae. aegypti in each type of countainer color. It is recommended to use black ovitrap for controling populations of Ae, aegypti in environment with regular monitoring.
Aktivitas Larvasida Berbagai Pelarut pada Ekstrak Biji Kayu Besi Pantai (Pongamia pinnata) terhadap Mortalitas Larva Aedes spp.
Authors: Yuliasih Yuneu , Widawati Mutiara 
Published: September 2018

The use of chemical compound as a way to control DHF may cause harmful effect for humans and environment. It is necessary to develop biological insecticides derived from plants such as Pongamia pinnata. This study was designed to determine the larvicidal activity of P. pinnata seeds extract with various solvent on Aedes spp. This study was an experimental research with post test only control group design. Materials used in the research were P. pinnata seed extracts with water, methanol and chloroform solvents of concentration; 100 ppm, 200 ppm, 300 ppm, 400 ppm and 500 ppm. Larvicidal activity of P. pinnata seed extracts was tested against third instar larvae of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus, 24 hours observation was carried out within each treatment.very test was repeated for 3 times. The result showed that larvae mortality was found in the methanol extract with LC50 value of 141.88 ppm for Ae. aegypti and 108.19 for Ae. albopictus, and in the chloroform extract with LC50 value of 346.06 ppm for Ae. aegypti and 222.29 ppm for Ae. albopictus. The water extract of P. pinnata seed was not effective as a larvicidal, while methanol and chloroform of P. pinnata seed extracts act as potential natural insecticide.
Faktor Biotik dan Abiotik pada Tempat Perkembangbiakan Anopheles spp. di Desa Gunung Jati, Kecamatan Pagedongan, Banjarnegara, Provinsi Jawa Tengah
Authors: Widiastuti Dyah , Djati Anggun Paramita , Pramestuti Nova 
Published: September 2018

Malaria transmission in Gunung Jati Village, Banjarmegara needs serious attention because this village is malaria endemic area. This study aimed to investigate the biotic and abiotic environmental conditions at Anopheles spp. breeding sites in Gunung Jati village, Banjarnegara. Anopheles spp. larvae collection, measurement of abiotic factors and observation of microbiota on water samples were conducted on May 2015. Anopheles spp. larva was found in puddles on the banks of the river with larvae density was 5 larvae per dip. Water temperature conditions in all breeding sites ranged from 26-32 oC, the degree of acidity was neutral, with varying light intensity. Synedra are the most commonly found algae from all observed breeding sites. The environmental conditions were in accordance with the optimum conditions that support the development of Anopheles spp. larvae
Clawbacks and Earnings Management
Authors: Levine Carolyn B. , Smith Michael J. 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACT
This study addresses the effect of clawbacks on earnings management (EM). In a two-period model, the manager can report truthfully or distort an interim report using either accrual or real EM. The principal can make short-term payments based on a manipulable accounting signal and long-term payments based on unmanipulable cash flows. The strength of the clawbacks determines the likelihood that the manager's compensation is reclaimed when the interim report was managed. Stronger clawback provisions may result in (1) a substitution between accrual and real earnings management, or (2) earnings management when no earnings management was optimal with weak clawbacks, and (3) lower expected profits for the principal. Numerical analysis suggests that strong clawbacks do not reduce aggregate earnings management.
JEL Classifications: J33; M48; M52; G38.
Data Availability: All data are simulated.
La garantía de inamovilidad de los jueces
Authors: Stinco Juan Rafael , Lettieri Juan Manuel 
Published: September 2018

En el plano nacional, recientemente tuvimos novedades en la materia. En efecto, nuestro Máximo Tribunal se expidió en el fallo “Schiffrin”sobre aspectos centrales en lo relativo a la garantía de inamovilidad judicial; es justo reconocer que allí también trató otros tópicos de trascendencia, como es el control judicial de los procesos de reforma constitucional.
En dicho precendente la Corte Suprema centró su ratio decidendii en lo vinculado con el estándar de control judicial sobre el procedimiento de reforma constitucional, y en particular, con la constitucionalidad del límite etario establecido. Asimismo, señaló que no existen derechos adquiridos a la inalterabilidad de un determinado régimen normativo.
De este modo, ni en el famoso caso “Fayt” ni en “Schiffrin” nuestro máximo tribunal examinó, stricto sensu, la constitucionalidad del sistema establecido para la renovación del acuerdo del Senado y designación del Poder Ejecutivo luego de que los magistrados cumplan la edad de 75 años. ¿Estaba obligado a hacerlo? Pareciera ser que no. En efecto, ese tópico no había sido objeto de debate y una opinión sobre él podría haber sido considerada prematura o de índole conjetural.
Justamente, el objeto de este trabajo apunta a poner de relieve que ese sistema de renovación del acuerdo del Senado no superaría el test de constitucionalidad ni el de convencionalidad.
Comentario al Fallo "Muiña" de la Corte Suprema de Justicia
Authors: Gomara Juan Pablo , Lorat Martin 
Published: September 2018

La Corte Suprema de Justicia de la Nación resolvió en este precedente expedirse expresamente, por primera vez, sobre la aplicación del cómputo privilegiado que establecía el art. 7º de la ley 24.390, a un penado por delitos considerados de lesa humanidad cometidos durante la última dictadura militar. De esta manera, con las opiniones de los Jueces Rosenkrantz, Highton de Nolasco y Rosatti, se fijó como criterio de interpretación que dicha normativa iba a regir el caso, motivo por el cual cada día de encierro cautelar del imputado que superara el segundo año de detención debía computársele doble. Lo cierto es que más allá de las discusiones técnicas en materia de derecho sustantivo que al respecto se pudieran plantear (ley penal más benigna; vigencia de las leyes penales y procesales penales en el tiempo; delitos permanentes y normas aplicables durante su comisión; etc.), el motivo central que impone un comentario sobre lo decidido por la Corte Suprema excede concretamente aquel límite, puesto que se vincula con el modo en que el Estado de Derecho en su conjunto se enfrenta a la temática del juzgamiento y castigo de los delitos de Lesa Humanidad a partir de las obligaciones que el propio Estado asume internacionalmente.
La Cárcel: el enfrascamiento de un problema social
Authors: Fernández Camillo Ignacio 
Published: September 2018

La problemática carcelaria viene agravándose año a año, con un alto índice de encarcelamiento y encontrándose lejos de lograr sus finalidades.
Durante la gestión de la alianza cambiemos se profundizó con medidas de ajuste y entrega que provocaron la pérdida de alrededor de 250.000 puestos de trabajo formal, y más de un millón si consideramos que por cada puesto de trabajo formal, entre 3 y 4 trabajadores de la economía popular pierden su empleo.
Ante el reclamo de las personas privadas de la libertad por la vulneración de sus derechos en el encierro y contra la reforma regresiva e inconstitucional que se plantea de la Ley de Ejecución Penal Nacional (Ley 24.660), los gobiernos nacional y provincial, solo visibilizan como solución la construcción de más Unidades Penitenciarias, logrando así ampliar las plazas existentes, revazadas en más de un 60% tanto en provincia de Buenos Aires como en ámbito federal.
Éste encapsulamiento de un problema social, lejos de ser una solución, provoca un atraso en las políticas de Estado y agrava el problema.
Duelo de Cortes: el caso "Fontevecchia" y el valor de las sentencias de la Corte Interamericana
Authors: De Antoni Román 
Published: September 2018

El pasado 14 de Febrero de 2017, la nueva composición de la Corte Suprema de Justicia de la Nación dictó el fallo “Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores y Culto s/ informe sentencia dictada en el caso 'Fontevecchia y D'Amico vs. Argentina' por la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos", en donde ha adoptado una novedosa postura respecto al valor de los pronunciamientos de organismos jurisdiccionales internacionales cuando ordenan “dejar sin efecto” decisiones adoptadas en la justicia nacional. Nueve meses después, la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos en su sentencia de supervisión, consideró que el Estado argentino incumplió las medidas ordenadas. Ambos pronunciamientos han reavivado la discusión en la doctrina constitucionalista respecto al alcance de la soberanía jurídica de los estados y su relación con el derecho internacional. ¿Cuál es el “nuevo valor” de las sentencias de la Corte Interamericana para la CSJN? ¿Hay un cambio de postura en la decisión del tribunal?
Patrimonio Digital
Authors: Díaz Jaime Alberto 
Published: September 2018

En el ámbito jurídico internacional se pactó la creación del Patrimonio Digital universal, sin embargo, éste no comprende los bienes jurídicamente tutelados que generan los cibernautas cada segundo en el ciberespacio. El presente ensayo propone la flexibilización del concepto romano de patrimonio –teoría clásica- para que éste comprenda aquellos intangibles que ocupan espacio en la red de redes y que por ahora no gozan de atención legislativa puntual. La finalidad del presente trabajo de investigación, es enfatizar la necesidad de estudio y aceptación de las conductas de los cibernautas como mecanismo jurídico que generan bienes susceptibles de vinculación patrimonial, con enfoque de derecho privado; e invitar al entendimiento de figuras jurídicas únicas que surgen en internet.
Myelosuppression and Nephrotoxicity Induced by Cisplatin in Female Rats: The Role of Berberine Nanoparticles
Authors: Mohamed Nema Abdelhameed 
Published: September 2018

Cisplatin (CDDP) is one of the most effective antineoplastic drugs used in chemotherapy, strategies to protect tissues against cisplatin nephrotoxicity is a clinical interest. This study aimed to evaluate the possible protective effect of berberine nanoparticles (BBR-NPs) against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in female rats. Intraperitoneal (IP) injection of cisplatin (8 mg/kg) caused significant decrease in RBC, Hb, Hct, WBC and platelets. Also, cisplatin caused disturbances in kidney function as documented by a significant increase in urea, uric acid, creatinine and MDA, with significant decreases in the total protein, albumin, GSH and total thiol.TNF- , caspase-3, IL-2, IL-6 and IL-1were increased in cisplatin treated group. The histopathological changes in cisplatin group include degeneration and desquamation of tubular epithelial cells, hyaline cast formation, inflammatory cell infiltration and tubular dilation. Oral administration of BBR-NPs at a dose 1mg/kg/day for 30 days after cisplatin produced significant decrease in the levels of urea, uric acid, creatinine, TNF- and caspase-3 as well as kidney MDA with a marked increase in total protein, albumin, GSH, total thiol and repairing the histopathological changes. Scanning microscope of RBC showed the protective effect of BBR-NPs against the different changes induced by CDDP. The present study suggested that the anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of BBR-NPs may prevent CDDP-induced nephrotoxicity via decreasing the oxidative stress, inhibiting the inflammation and apoptosis.
Effect of Dietary Fish Oil on Mammary Gland Development and Milk Production of Holstein Cow
Authors: Barfourooshi Hoda Javaheri , Towhidi Armin , Sadeghipanah Hassan , Zhandi Mahdi , Zeinoaldini Saeed , Dirandeh Essa , Akers Robert M. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of feeding oil supplement on mammary gland development and milk production responses in Holstein cows. Ten multiparous Holstein cows (42.2±9.2 d before calving, 3.25±0.25 body condition score, and 620±35 kg body weight) were randomly assigned to treatments. Treatments were a diet with oil added as palm oil (PO; n=5), or fish oil (FO; n=5) given to cows until 63 d in milk. Milk yield was recorded daily, milk composition (fat, protein, lactose, total solid and somatic cell count) was measured weekly and fatty acid profiles of milk fat were determined at first and last week of the experiment. Samples of mammary tissue were obtained at 7 and 63 d in milk by biopsy gun. Tissue slides were analyzed by Image J software. Results showed that fish oil supplemented diet compared to the palm oil supplemented diet increased milk production after 6 weeks of lactation (P<0.05), content of polyunsaturated fatty acids milk fat (P<0.05) and docosahexaenoic acid (P<0.01). Moreover, n-6:n-3 ratio was decreased by fish oil supplement (P<0.05). Histological studies showed that FO increased the relative percentage of tissue area occupied by epithelial cells as well as a number of total alveoli in each microscopic field (P<0.05). Data suggested that feeding fish oil during the dry period and early lactation could improve development and function of the mammary gland in the dairy cow.
Analysis of the Methylation Status of CpG Sites Within Cancer-Related Genes in Equine Sarcoids
Authors: Semik-Gurgul Ewelina , Ząbek Tomek , Fornal Agnieszka , Gurgul Artur , Pawlina-Tyszko Klaudia , Klukowska-Rötzler Jolanta , Bugno-Poniewierska Monika 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
In the recent years, particular attention was given to the research aimed at optimizing the use of tumour epigenetic markers. One of the best known epigenetic changes associated with the process of carcinogenesis is aberrant DNA methylation. The aim of the present research was to evaluate the methylation profile of genes potentially important in the diagnosis and/or prognosis of equine sarcoids, the most commonly detected skin tumours in Equidae. The methylation status of potential promoter sequences of nine genes: APC, CCND2, CDKN2B, DCC, RARβ, RASSF1, RASSF5, THBS1 and TRPM1, was determined using bisulfite sequencing polymerase chain reaction (BSP-CR). The results of this study did not reveal any changes in the level of DNA methylation in the analysed group of candidate genes between the tumour and healthy tissues. Despite numerous reports describing the aberrant methylation of the promoters of the analysed genes in human cancers, the data obtained did not confirm the existence of such relationships in the examined tumour tissues, which excludes the possibility of using these genes for the diagnosis of the equine sarcoid.
Analysis of Lifetime Performance and Culling Reasons in Black-and-White Holstein-Friesian Cows Compared with Crossbreds
Authors: Adamczyk Krzysztof , Jagusiak Wojciech , Makulska Joanna 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
The effect of crossbreeding Holstein-Friesian cows with other breeds is usually improved genetic potential of crossbreds in terms of longevity. However, culling decisions, which in practice determine the longevity in dairy cows, are contingent on many environmental and economic factors. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate longevity in relation to culling reasons in Holstein-Friesian cows of the Black-and-White strain (HO) and crossbreds, taking genotype, age at first calving, herd size, culling season, culling reason and milking temperament into consideration. The data analysed concerned 154,256 dairy cows culled in Poland in 2015. It was found that all studied factors significantly affected cow lifetime performance. The mean age at culling in dairy cows of HO strain exceeded 6 years, with mean lifetime energy-corrected milk (LECM) yield of 28,933 kg and mean lifetime energy-corrected milk yield per milking day (DECM) of 20.2 kg. Crossbreds, on the other hand, tended to have shorter lifespans, with mean LECM yield amounting to less than 25,000 kg. Mean LECM yield of cows surviving for the longest period (9.2 years), amounted to 47,771 kg, and reproduction problems were unquestionably the most common (40%) reason for cows’ culling. A suggestion was made to take milking temperament into account in breeding practice, as this trait proves to be closely related to the longevity characteristics of dairy cows. It was also proposed that the culling reasons be subjected to a more comprehensive analysis, considering the “life history” of cows as well as the interactions between different reasons for their removal from the herd.
Manipulation of Rumen Fermentation and Methane Gas Production by Plant Secondary Metabolites (Saponin, Tannin and Essential Oil) – A Review of Ten-Year Studies
Authors: Jafari Saied , Ebrahimi Mahdi , Goh Yong M. , Rajion Mohamed A. , Jahromi Mohamed F. , Al-Jumaili Wisam S. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
A wide range of plant secondary metabolites (PSM) have been shown to have the potential to modulate the fermentation process in the rumen. The use of plants and plant extracts as natural feed additives has become an interesting topic not only among nutritionists but also other scientists. Although a large number of phytochemicals (e.g. saponins, tannins and essential oils) have recently been investigated for their methane (CH4) reduction potential, there have not yet been major breakthroughs that could be applied in practice. However, the effectiveness of these PSM depends on the source, type and the level of their presence in plant products. The aim of the present review was to assess ruminal CH4 emission through a comparison of integrating related studies from published papers, which described various levels of different PSM sources being added to ruminant feed. Apart from CH4, other related rumen fermentation parameters were also included in this review.