bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
All-arthroscopic anatomical reconstruction of anterior talofibular ligament using semitendinosus autografts
Authors: Zhou Yunfeng , Song Bin 
Published: September 2018

Category: Arthroscopy Introduction/Purpose: We introduced a new technique of all-arthroscopic anatomical anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) reconstruction using semitendinosus autografts. Methods: From June 2012 to June 2013, 28 patients with chronic ATFL rupture underwent arthroscopic anatomic reconstruction of the ATFL. They were divided into the Broström group (n = 16) and reconstruction group (n = 12). The American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score and visual analogue score (VAS) was recorded before the operation, 12 months after the operation and 30 months after the operation. Physical examination and radiographs were performed in follow-ups. Results: The patients had higher AOFAS score after the operation in both the Broströmgroup and the reconstruction group. 12 months after operation, the patients in the reconstruction group showed significantly higher AOFAS score and lower VAS score than those in the Broström group (P = 0.003 and 0.001, respectively), while the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant 30 months later (P = 0.425 and 0.323, respectively). Contemporary numbness of the lateral dorsal part of the foot appeared in one (8.3%) patient in the reconstruction group and two (12.5%) patients in the Broström group, and the symptoms diminished after neurotrophic treatment. No other complications, including recurrent instability, were encountered. No donor-side morbidity such as infection or delayed wound healing was observed. Conclusion: The novel surgical technique enhanced postoperative rehabilitation by providing better ankle joint function than modified Broström procedure at 12 months after operation, while the advantage was not statistically significant 30 months later. The long-term outcome requires further investigation. The technique of all-arthroscopic anatomical ATFL reconstruction using semitendinosus autografts proved to be a viable option for ATFL injuries.
Transcriptomic but not genomic variability confers phenotype of breast cancer stem cells
Authors: Tong Mengying , Deng Ziqian , Yang Mengying , Xu Chang , Zhang Xiaolong , Zhang Qingzheng , Liao Yuwei , Deng Xiaodi , Lv Dekang , Zhang Xuehong , Zhang Yu , Li Peiying , Song Luyao , Wang Bicheng , Al‐Dherasi Aisha , Li Zhiguang , Liu Quentin 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackgroundBreast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) are considered responsible for cancer relapse and drug resistance. Understanding the identity of BCSCs may open new avenues in breast cancer therapy. Although several discoveries have been made on BCSC characterization, the factors critical to the origination of BCSCs are largely unclear. This study aimed to determine whether genomic mutations contribute to the acquisition of cancer stem‐like phenotype and to investigate the genetic and transcriptional features of BCSCs.MethodsWe detected potential BCSC phenotype‐associated mutation hotspot regions by using whole‐genome sequencing on parental cancer cells and derived serial‐generation spheres in increasing order of BCSC frequency, and then performed target deep DNA sequencing at bulk‐cell and single‐cell levels. To identify the transcriptional program associated with BCSCs, bulk‐cell and single‐cell RNA sequencing was performed.ResultsBy using whole‐genome sequencing of bulk cells, potential BCSC phenotype‐associated mutation hotspot regions were detected. Validation by target deep DNA sequencing, at both bulk‐cell and single‐cell levels, revealed no genetic changes specifically associated with BCSC phenotype. Moreover, single‐cell RNA sequencing showed profound transcriptomic variability in cancer cells at the single‐cell level that predicted BCSC features. Notably, this transcriptomic variability was enriched during the transcription of 74 genes, revealed as BCSC markers. Breast cancer patients with a high risk of relapse exhibited higher expression levels of these BCSC markers than those with a low risk of relapse, thereby highlighting the clinical significance of predicting breast cancer prognosis with these BCSC markers.ConclusionsTranscriptomic variability, not genetic mutations, distinguishes BCSCs from non‐BCSCs. The identified 74 BCSC markers have the potential of becoming novel targets for breast cancer therapy.
Comparison of the Abbott Architect BRAHMS and the Biomérieux Vidas BRAHMS Procalcitonin Assays
Authors: Wang Dan , Caddell Brittany , Nolte Frederick S , Babic Nikolina 
Published: September 2018

Abstract

Background
Procalcitonin (PCT) is a well-established marker for bacterial infection. Recently the US Food and Drug Administration approved the expanded use of this biomarker to guide clinical decisions for antibiotic treatment in patients with lower respiratory tract infections. Both the Architect BRAHMS PCT (PCT-A) and Vidas BRAHMS PCT (PCT-V) are approved for this indication. The aim of this study is to evaluate analytical performance of PCT-A in comparison to PCT-V.

Methods
PCT-A and PCT-V were evaluated for intra- and interassay precision and functional sensitivity. To assess the accuracy of PCT-A, 108 residual plasma specimens were randomly selected from routine hospital orders, and PCT was measured concurrently with PCT-A and PCT-V.

Results
Both assays demonstrated excellent precision, with intraassay precision ranging from 2.2% to 4.0% CV and interassay precision ranging from 2.5% to 3.6% CV. The functional sensitivity was verified at 0.01 ng/mL for PCT-A and at 0.05 ng/mL for PCT-V. The Passing–Bablok regression revealed approximately 20% negative bias of PCT-A compared to PCT-V (PCT-A = 0.042 + 0.79 × PCT-V, r = 0.995). The concordance of the 2 methods at diagnostically important cutoffs (0.10, 0.25, 0.50, and 2.0 ng/mL) was excellent, with overall agreement &gt;93% at each threshold.

Conclusion
The results of our study show improved sensitivity and equivalent clinical performance of PCT-A compared to PCT-V. The availability of this test on common clinical immunoassay analyzers may help accelerate its adoption into antimicrobial stewardship programs and thereby improve antibiotic use and patient outcomes.
Phyloproteomic and functional analyses do not support the split of the genus Borrelia(phylum Spirochaetes).
Authors: Estrada Peña Agustín , Cabezas-Cruz Alejandro 
Published: September 2018

Background: The evolutionary history of species is frequently derived from molecular sequences, and the resulting phylogenetic trees do not include explicit functional information. Here, the biological processes of 42,489 proteins of the reference proteomes of 34 species of Spirochaetes were used to test the functional relation among bacteria in this phylum. We tested the hypothesis of whether the species of the genus
Borreliaare as different as to be splitted in two different genera.
Results: Detrended Canonical Analysis demonstrated that the presence/absence of BPs among selected bacteria contains a strong phylogenetic signal and did not separate species of
Borrelia. Examining the ten biological processes in which more proteins are involved consistently demonstrated that species in
Borreliaare more similar among them than free-life species (
Sediminispirochaeta,
Spirochaeta,
Sphaerochaeta) or pathogenic without vectors (
Leptospira,
Treponema, Brachyspira), which are highly divergent. A dendrogram based on presence/absence of proteins in the reference proteomes demonstrated that the distance between species of the same genus in free-life or pathogenic non-vector species are higher than among the 19 species (27 strains) of
Borrelia. A phyloproteomic network supported the close functional association between species of
Borreliaand their peculiarities about the extreme reduction of its proteome.
Conclusions: The proteome of 27 strains of
Borreliademonstrated that only a few proteins have separately evolved in the relapsing fever and Lyme borreliosis groups, while most prominent proteins and processes of
Borreliaare a subset of those found in free life and non-vectored pathogenic species. In addition, the functional innovation (i.e. unique biological processes or proteins) of
Borreliais very low compared with other genera of Spirochaetes. Functional differences among
Borreliaspecies were found to be marginal. Phyloproteomic networks including all pairwise combinations between species, proteins and processes contribute better than other methods to evaluate the evolutionary relationships among the taxa. With the limitations of data availability, results do not support the split of the arthropod-transmitted spirochaetes into the proposed genera
Borreliaand
Borreliella.
Medpoklicno nasilje v operativni dejavnosti
Authors: Oblak Tina , Skela-Savič Brigita 
Published: September 2018

Uvod: V operativni dejavnosti heterogena skupina strokovnjakov z različnimi osebnostmi in vrednostnimi sistemi, značilnimi za vsako profesijo, deli odgovornost do enega pacienta, kar lahko sproži napetost v odnosih in se stopnjuje v nasilje. Namen raziskave je bil prikazati razširjenost tega fenomena ter opredeliti z njim povezane dejavnike in posledice.Metode: Izvedena je bila sistematična iskalna strategija v bazah podatkov CINAHL, Medline, Academic Search Elite, ProQuest in COBIB.SI z datumom objave od januarja 2008 do vključno decembra 2017. Uporabljeni so bili iskalni pojmi v angleščini aggressive behavior, disruptive behavior, operating room, perioperative, violence, verbal abuse, bullying, surgeon in v slovenščini zdravstvena nega, nasilje. Podanih je bilo 735 zadetkov, glede na naslov in izvleček smo za ustrezne določili 68 virov, po vsebinskem pregledu smo jih izločili še 47.Rezultati: Zaključki pregleda literature so temeljili na 22 referencah. Oblikovanih je bilo 6 kategorij: (1) povzročitelji in nivoji nasilja, (2) vrste (tipi) nasilja, (3) neposredni vzroki za pojav nasilja v operacijski dvorani, (4) dejavniki, povezani s pojavom in prepoznavnostjo nasilja, (5) posledice nasilja ter (6) individualni in sistemski organizacijski ukrepi za obvladovanje posledic nasilja.Diskusija in zaključek: Najpogostejši izvajalci nasilja v operativni dejavnosti so kirurgi in zaposleni v operacijski zdravstveni negi, najpogostejši vzroki pa hierarhija, nepredvidljive situacije, kadrovski in materialni deficit, medosebni odnosi, delovna obremenitev, organizacijska kultura. Izkazuje se potreba po tovrstni reprezentativni raziskavi v Sloveniji.
VARIANTS OF TITANIUM MESH IMPLANT PENETRATION INTO THE LUMBAR VERTEBRAL BODIES AFTER ANTERIOR FUSION
Authors: Mazurenko A. N. , Pustovoytenko V. T. , Makarevich S. V. , Krivorot K. A. , Somova Irina Nikolayevna 
Published: September 2018

Objective. To assess radiological results of anterior spinal fusion using cylindrical titanium mesh implant for lumbar spine fracture.Material and Мethods. A total of 74 adult patients with unstable fractures of the L1-L5 vertebral bodies were selected. They underwent posterior instrumental fixation, anterior decompression of the spinal cord and its roots, and anterior interbody fusion with placement of titanium mesh implant. Radiological and CT control was performed immediately and 0.5-2 years after surgery.Results. The phenomenon of implant penetration into the body/bodies of the cranial and/or caudal fused vertebrae has been revealed. Depending on the nature of penetration, single-level (into one vertebra) and two-level (into two vertebrae) variants of the implant edge penetration were identified. A method for calculating the penetration rate was developed, which value determines three grades of the implant penetration: grade 1 with a rate less than 0.1; grade 2 - 0.1-0.29; and grade 3 - more than 0.3. On this basis, the results of anterior spinal fusion are evaluated as good, satisfactory or unsatisfactory, respectively. If the implant did not penetrate, the result is considered excellent.Conclusion. The proposed rate of implant penetration allows for objective evaluation of the interbody fusion results, both immediate and long-term.
Development of a wheeled walker braking device using the four-bar mechanism
Authors: Choi ChangMin , Lee Se-Han , Lee DongGeon , Hong SoungKyun , Pyo SeungHyeon , Park SuHo , Lee Kyeongbong , Lee GyuChang 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
The elderly population in many countries has been rising rapidly, and falls are a serious event many elderly people experience. Assistive equipment is actively used to reduce falls among elderly people. Popular types of assistive equipment include canes, electric wheelchairs, and wheeled walkers. Wheeled walkers support the body of elderly people, making their gait comfortable as they age or recover from injuries. Wheeled walkers may be equipped with hand brakes; however, frail older people may experience difficulty using such hand brakes, as they require force to operate. Thus, in the present study, a braking method using a wire connected to a user’s belt or clothes was designed and implemented; if the tension of the wire connecting the safety device and the user exceeds a critical value, the wheeled walker brakes, which can prevent the rapid motion of walkers. Two feasibility tests of the wheeled walker with the braking device were conducted: one with 10 healthy adults in their 20s and the other with 10 elderly people over 65 years of age; the tests measured the braking time and speed control using a speed measuring device. The results of the first and second feasibility tests demonstrated that the average braking time of participants was 50.3 ms and 50.7 ms, respectively. All participants in the feasibility tests succeeded in the speed control test. Thus, based on the results, the braking device on the wheeled walker worked properly.
Optical measurement of the corneal oscillation for the determination of the intraocular pressure
Authors: Osmers Jan , Sorg Michael , Fischer Andreas 
Published: September 2018

Abstract

Motivation
Glaucoma is currently the most common irreversible cause of blindness worldwide. A significant risk factor is an individually increased intraocular pressure (IOP). A precise measurement method is needed to determine the IOP in order to support the diagnosis of the disease and to monitor the outcome of the IOP reduction as a medical intervention. A handheld device is under development with which the patient can perform self-measurements outside the clinical environment.

Method
For the measurement principle of the self-tonometer the eye is acoustically excited to oscillate, which is analyzed and attributed to the present IOP. In order to detect the corneal oscillation, an optical sensor is required which meets the demands of a compact, battery driven self-tonometer. A combination of an infrared diode and a phototransistor provides a high-resolution measurement of the corneal oscillation in the range of 10 μm–150 μm, which is compared to a reference sensor in the context of this study. By means of an angular arrangement of the emitter and the detector, the degree of reflected radiation of the cornea can be increased, allowing a measurement with a high signal-to-noise ratio.

Results
By adjusting the angle of incidence between the detector and the emitter, the signal-to-noise ratio was improved by 40 dB which now allows reasonable measurements of the corneal oscillation. For low amplitudes (10 μm) the signal-to-noise ratio is 10% higher than that of the commercial reference sensor. On the basis of amplitude variations at different IOP levels, the estimated standard uncertainty amounts to <0.5 mm Hg in the physiological pressure range with the proposed measuring approach.

Conclusion
With a compact and cost-effective approach, that suits the requirements for a handheld self-tonometer, the corneal oscillation can be detected with high temporal resolution. The cross-sensitivity of the sensor concept concerning a distance variation can be reduced by adding a distance sensor. Existing systematic influences of corneal biomechanics will be integrated in the sensor concept as a consecutive step.
Assistance in handling large-enrolment, introductory General Chemistry courses
Authors: Pavelka Laura , Ghoshdastidar Avik , Huot Mitchell J. , Butler Ian S. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
The post-secondary education system in the Province de Québec is quite different from that in the rest of Canada and in many other countries throughout the world. The introduction of a 2-year Collèges d’enseignement général et professionnel (CEGEP) program in 1967 has led to a reduction in the number of years that Quebec students have to spend in both high school and at university. The CEGEP program combines the last year of high school with the first year of a traditional 4-year university program meaning that students living in Quebec must do a 3-year undergraduate degree at the universities, while all other students must do a 4-year degree. Moreover, since almost 50 % of 27 000 undergraduate students at McGill come from other parts of Canada and internationally, this has led to enrolments of about 1000 students in the basic science courses. We present here an overview of how the introductory General Chemistry courses at McGill University are currently being handled so that the students have a meaningful first-year experience.
Plasma treatment of plastic film or decorative veneer and its effects on the peel strength and curling deformation of plastic film-reinforced pliable decorative sliced veneer (PR-RP-DSV)
Authors: Peng Xiaorui , Zhang Zhankuan 
Published: September 2018

AbstractA new type of plastic-film-reinforced pliable decorative sliced veneer (PF-RP-DSV) for wood product surface finishing was developed. The plastic film served as both the reinforcing and adhesive material. Consequently, the veneer did not need adhesives during preparation and wood surface finishing. However, the interface bonding strength between the two composite was low and the curling deformation was serious because of the large difference in polarity and thermal expansion coefficient of the two materials. In this paper, low-density polyethylene (LDPE) plastic film (PF) and a decorative sliced veneer (DSV) fromBrachystegia laurentiiwere treated with plasma to improve interfacial adhesion and reduce curling deformation. The plasma-modified (PM) PF and DSV increased the bonding strength of the resulting composites and generated an evenly distributed quasi glue layer between the two materials. The PM-PF had more influence on the interface bonding strength than the PM-DSV. This effect can be attributed to the great decrease in crystallinity and increment of oxygen-containing functional group in the PM-PF. The veneer fromB. laurentiican achieve good gluing performance and small curling deformation at a hot pressing temperature of 120°C, pressing time of 150s and pressing at 0.6 MPa.
Modeling Reaction Kinetics of Twin Polymerization via Differential Scanning Calorimetry
Authors: Prehl Janett , Masser Robin , Salamon Peter , Hoffmann Karl Heinz 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
We present a kinetic model for the reaction mechanism of acid-catalyzed twin polymerization. Our model characterizes the reaction mechanism not by the reactants, intermediate structures, and products, but via reaction-relevant moieties. We apply our model for three different derivatives of 2,2’-Spirobi[4H-1,3,2-benzodioxasiline] and determine activation energies, reaction enthalpies, and reaction rate constants for the reaction steps in our mechanism. We compare our findings to previously reported values obtained from density functional theory calculations. Furthermore, with this approach we are also able to follow the time development of the concentrations of the reaction-relevant moieties.
Through air drying assisted by infrared radiation: the influence of radiator power on drying rates and temperature
Authors: Tysén Aron , Vomhoff Hannes , Nilsson Lars 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
The use of infrared radiation for heating the web in the through air drying process was investigated in lab scale. The hypothesis was that infrared radiation should be a more efficient method to transfer drying energy to the wet web compared to hot air, but that a certain air flow is still required as a transport medium for the evaporated water. A trial program comprising handsheets made of two types of bleached chemical pulps, five grammages (15, 22, 30 and 60 g/m²), and dried with five radiator power levels was performed on a lab scale through air drying equipment. Drying times of the samples were determined from temperature data recorded with an infrared camera. The use of infrared radiation shortened drying times, especially for low grammage samples. The shortening of the drying time ranged between 10 and 45 %. The most substantial shortenings were obtained for the lowest grammages and the highest radiator power level. However, the increase of power did not linearly shorten drying time. After an initial shortening at the lowest power level, the positive effect of the IR heating decreased as the power was further increased.
Advice from the Scientific Advisory Board of the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons on isotopically labelled chemicals and stereoisomers in relation to the Chemical Weapons Convention
Authors: Timperley Christopher M. , Forman Jonathan E. , Abdollahi Mohammad , Al-Amri Abdullah Saeed , Alonso Isel Pascual , Baulig Augustin , Borrett Veronica , Cariño Flerida A. , Curty Christophe , Gonzalez David , Kovarik Zrinka , Martínez-Álvarez Roberto , Mikulak Robert , Fusaro Mourão Nicia Maria , Ramasami Ponnadurai , Neffe Slawomir , Raza Syed K. , Rubaylo Valentin , Takeuchi Koji , Tang Cheng , Trifirò Ferruccio , van Straten Francois Mauritz , Vanninen Paula S. , Zaitsev Volodymyr , Waqar Farhat , Zina Mongia Saïd , Holen Stian , Weinstein Hope A. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
The Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC) is an international disarmament treaty that prohibits the development, stockpiling and use of chemical weapons. This treaty has 193 States Parties (nations for which the treaty is binding) and entered into force in 1997. The CWC contains schedules of chemicals that have been associated with chemical warfare programmes. These scheduled chemicals must be declared by the States that possess them and are subject to verification by the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW, the implementing body of the CWC). Isotopically labelled and stereoisomeric variants of the scheduled chemicals have presented ambiguities for interpretation of the requirements of treaty implementation, and advice was sought from the OPCW’s Scientific Advisory Board (SAB) in 2016. The SAB recommended that isotopically labelled compounds or stereoisomers related to the parent compound specified in a schedule should be interpreted as belonging to the same schedule. This advice should benefit scientists and diplomats from the CWC’s State Parties to help ensure a consistent approach to their declarations of scheduled chemicals (which in turn supports both the correctness and completeness of declarations under the CWC). Herein, isotopically labelled and stereoisomeric variants of CWC-scheduled chemicals are reviewed, and the impact of the SAB advice in influencing a change to national licensing in one of the State Parties is discussed. This outcome, an update to national licensing governing compliance to an international treaty, serves as an example of the effectiveness of science diplomacy within an international disarmament treaty.