bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bimodal intravascular volumetric imaging combining OCT and MPI
Authors: Latus Sarah , Griese Florian , Schlüter Matthias , Otte Christoph , Möddel Martin , Graeser Matthias , Saathoff Thore , Knopp Tobias , Schlaefer Alexander 
Published: January 2019

PurposeIntravascular optical coherence tomography (IVOCT) is a catheter‐based image modality allowing for high‐resolution imaging of vessels. It is based on a fast sequential acquisition of A‐scans with an axial spatial resolution in the range of 5–10 μm, that is, one order of magnitude higher than in conventional methods like intravascular ultrasound or computed tomography angiography. However, position and orientation of the catheter in patient coordinates cannot be obtained from the IVOCT measurements alone. Hence, the pose of the catheter needs to be established to correctly reconstruct the three‐dimensional vessel shape. Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) is a three‐dimensional tomographic, tracer‐based, and radiation‐free image modality providing high temporal resolution with unlimited penetration depth. Volumetric MPI images are angiographic and hence suitable to complement IVOCT as a comodality. We study simultaneous bimodal IVOCT MPI imaging with the goal of estimating the IVOCT pullback path based on the 3D MPI data.MethodsWe present a setup to study and evaluate simultaneous IVOCT and MPI image acquisition of differently shaped vessel phantoms. First, the influence of the MPI tracer concentration on the optical properties required for IVOCT is analyzed. Second, using a concentration allowing for simultaneous imaging, IVOCT and MPI image data are acquired sequentially and simultaneously. Third, the luminal centerline is established from the MPI image volumes and used to estimate the catheter pullback trajectory for IVOCT image reconstruction. The image volumes are compared to the known shape of the phantoms.ResultsWe were able to identify a suitable MPI tracer concentration of 2.5 mmol/L with negligible influence on the IVOCT signal. The pullback trajectory estimated from MPI agrees well with the centerline of the phantoms. Its mean absolute error ranges from 0.27 to 0.28 mm and from 0.25 mm to 0.28 mm for sequential and simultaneous measurements, respectively. Likewise, reconstructing the shape of the vessel phantoms works well with mean absolute errors for the diameter ranging from 0.11 to 0.21 mm and from 0.06 to 0.14 mm for sequential and simultaneous measurements, respectively.ConclusionsMagnetic particle imaging can be used in combination with IVOCT to estimate the catheter trajectory and the vessel shape with high precision and without ionizing radiation.
Roads to Inequality: Infrastructure and Historically Grown Regional Differences in the Markham Valley, Papua New Guinea
Authors: Beer Bettina , Church Willem 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACTRoads are one of the most salient symbols of development and modernity for rural citizens of Papua New Guinea (PNG). Multinational corporations, members of parliament, and villagers frequently point to roads as a key to development. However, while roads routinely improve the incomes of those connected, many of their effects are far less scrutable. Here, we examine the economic and social consequences of two roads, the Wau‐Bulolo Highway and Highlands Highway, for two villages in PNG's Morobe Province, and consider the processes that make their outcomes so different. Tracing the history of the two highways and considering a contrasting pair of case‐studies, we explore how roads simultaneously bolster income and drive interregional economic divergence. We demonstrate how the spatial and historical contexts the Highways run through, coupled with the relationships of patronage and dependence they rely on, produce contingent social outcomes and shape local ambivalence towards the outcomes of roads.
Synthesis, Characterization, and In Vitro Evaluation of Super Paramagnetic Nanoparticles Grafted with PAMPS for Controlled Delivery of Cationic Drugs
Authors: Baghersad Mohammad Hadi , Jamshidi Sajjad , Habibi Aziziollah , Salimi Ali 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe pH‐sensitive poly(2‐acrylamido‐2‐methyl‐1‐propanesulfonic acid) (PAMPS) grafted Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs), as the polyanionic nanocarriers, were synthesized and characterized by Fourier transform‐infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDS), dynamic light scattering (DLS), thermo‐gravimetric analysis (TGA) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images were used to explore the shape, morphology and size of the NPs. Doxorubicin (Dox), an anticancer agent as the model drug, was successfully loaded on the synthesized NPs. The Dox‐loaded NPs exhibited different release profiles at various pH values. For example, the cumulative Dox release at pH 5.5 was about 2.6 times higher than that at pH 7.4. The cytotoxicity of the synthesized NPs with or without Dox were investigated in the vicinity of the human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (hADSCs) and HeLa cells using the 3‐[4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl]‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) colorimetric assay and the AO/EB (acridine orange/ethidium bromide) staining method.
2‐Aminobenzamide‐Based Factor Xa Inhibitors with Novel Mono‐ and Bi‐Aryls as S4 Binding Elements
Authors: Patel Nirav R. , Patel Dushyant V. , Kanhed Ashish M. , Patel Sagar P. , Patel Kirti V. , Afosah Daniel K. , Desai Umesh R. , Karpoormath Rajshekhar , Yadav Mange Ram 
Published: January 2019

AbstractFactor Xa, a key serine protease in the coagulation cascade, has attracted a great deal of attention as a target for developing new antithrombotic agents. A series of novel alkyl, benzyl, biphenyl and substituted piperazine derivatives as S4 binding elements have been synthesized as potential human factor Xa (FXa) inhibitors with 2‐amino‐5‐chloropyridine as the S1 binding moiety. All the synthesized compounds were tested in vitro for FXa inhibitory activity by chromogenic substrate hydrolysis assay. The active compounds were selected to assess their ex vivo prothrombin time prolonging activity. Keeping in mind the promising in vitro and ex vivo profile of N‐(5‐chloropyridin‐2‐yl)‐2‐(4‐(2‐cyanophenyl)benzylamino)benzamide (16 f), it was selected for further in vivo evaluation of its antithrombotic potential. Structure‐activity relationship and molecular interaction analysis by the docking and dynamics studies within the series are discussed.
Influence of Mg‐promoted Ni‐based Catalyst Supported on Coconut Shell Carbon for CO2 Methanation
Authors: Li Xinkai , Wang Yuqi , Zhang Guoxia , Sun Wen , Bai Yukun , Zheng Lan , Han Xiaolong , Wu Le 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis study aims to investigate the conversion of CO2 and H2 into CH4 under atmospheric pressure. A series of nickel‐based catalysts using coconut shell carbon were prepared by co‐impregnation method, and the coconut shell carbon carrier in the CO2 methanation demonstrated its advantage by comparison with the alumina and zirconia supports. Magnesium modified Ni/coconut shell carbon catalysts were studied to explore the catalytic performances, the morphology and properties of all catalysts were characterized by CO2‐TPD, XRD, SEM, BET, FTIR, TEM and H2‐TPR. Catalytic performances were experimentally evaluated in a fixed bed tubular reactor under atmospheric pressure, WHSV of 10,000 mlh−1g−1, and H2/CO2 molar ratio of 4/1. Experimental results indicated magnesium modified Ni‐Mg0.26/coconut shell carbon catalyst has outstanding activity and excellent stability, which performed the highest CO2 conversion (90.10%) and CH4 selectivity (99.22%) at 450 °C. The catalytic activity of Ni‐Mg0.26/ coconut shell carbon experienced 50 h stability evaluation, and no evident decrease was found during the methanation process.
Political identity dissimilarity, workplace incivility, and declines in well‐being: A prospective investigation
Authors: He Yimin , Costa Paula L. , Walker Jessica M. , Miner Kathi N. , Wooderson R. Linden 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe workplace is an environment where individuals have little choice about with whom they interact. As such, employees may find themselves engaged in conversations with coworkers whose political opinions and perspectives are divergent from their own. In the present study, we examined how coworkers' (dis)similarity in political identity is related to the quality of their interpersonal interactions and subsequent well‐being. We predicted that political identity dissimilarity is associated with experiences of workplace incivility and, in turn, declines in psychological and occupational well‐being. We tested our hypotheses in a four‐wave survey study conducted during the 2012 U.S. presidential election using structural equation modeling. Consistent with our expectations, results indicated that political identity dissimilarity was associated with increased reports of incivility experiences instigated by coworkers, which, in turn, was associated with increased burnout and turnover intentions and diminished job satisfaction. The relationship between incivility and well‐being was mediated by psychological distress. Overall, the findings demonstrate that political identity dissimilarity is detrimentally related to job attitudes and well‐being via triggering workplace incivility, which provides meaningful implications for organizations on how to mitigate the negative influences of identity dissimilarity.
Transformation of the Nonprocessive Fast Skeletal Myosin II into a Processive Motor
Authors: Amrute‐Nayak Mamta , Nayak Arnab , Steffen Walter , Tsiavaliaris Georgios , Scholz Tim , Brenner Bernhard 
Published: January 2019

AbstractMyosin family motors play diverse cellular roles. Precise insights into how the light chains contribute to the functional variabilities among myosin motors, however, remain unresolved. Here, it is demonstrated that the fast skeletal muscle myosin II isoform myosin heavy chain (MHC‐IID) can be transformed into a processive motor, by simply replacing the native regulatory light chain MLC2f with the regulatory light chain variant MLC2v from the slow muscle myosin II. Single molecule kinetic analyses and optical trapping measurements of the hybrid motor reveal marked changes such as increased association rate of myosin toward adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and actin by more than twofold. The direct consequence of high adenosine diphosphate (ADP) affinity and increased actin rebinding is the altered overall actomyosin association time during the cross‐bridge cycle. The data indicate that the MLC2v influences the duty ratio in the hybrid motor, suggestive of promoting interhead communication and enabling processive movement. This finding establishes that the regulatory light chain fine‐tunes the motor's mechanical output that may have important implications under physiological conditions. Furthermore, the success of this approach paves the way to engineer motors from a known motor protein element to assemble highly specialized biohybrid machines for potential applications in nano‐biomedicine and engineering.
Data‐driven multiscale sparse representation for bearing fault diagnosis in wind turbine
Authors: Guo Yanjie , Zhao Zhibin , Sun Ruobin , Chen Xuefeng 
Published: January 2019

AbstractWith the increase of the wind turbine capacity, failures occur on the drivetrain of wind turbines frequently. Since faults of bearings in the wind turbine can lead to long downtime and even casualties, fault diagnosis of the drivetrain is very important to reduce the maintenance cost of the wind turbine and improve economic efficiency. However, the traditional diagnosis methods have difficulty in extracting the impulsive components from the vibration signal of the wind turbine because of heavy background noise and harmonic interference. In this paper, we propose a novel method based on data‐driven multiscale dictionary construction. Firstly, we achieve the useful atom through training the K‐means singular value decomposition (K‐SVD) model with a standard signal. Secondly, we deform the chosen atom into different shapes and construct the final dictionary. Thirdly, the constructed dictionary is used to sparsely represent the vibration signal, and orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP) is performed to extract the impulsive component. The proposed method is robust to harmonic interference and heavy background noise. Moreover, the effectiveness of the proposed method is validated by numerical simulation and two experimental cases including the bearing fault of the wind turbine generator in the field test. The overall results indicate that compared with traditional methods, the proposed method is able to extract the fault characteristics from the measured signals more efficiently.
Introduction
Authors: Dierksmeier Claus 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis chapter addresses the question why we need to rethink the idea of freedom today in the era of globality. Open societies worldwide have come under increasing pressure lately, being accused of undermining the ecological and social conditions of their own sustainability. In the view of its critics, the idea of freedom no longer offers adequate normative guidance and should be partially corrected or even entirely replaced by countervailing values. But – this is the leitmotif of this chapter – are there not yet unexhausted ways to boost the resilience of the principle of liberalism? Could one revise the principle of liberty in order to revive it? Which traditional teachings of freedom philosophy can, or ought to be, rescued? Is a metaphysical foundation of the idea of freedom still necessary or permissible these days? Trying to answer these questions, this chapter analyses how certain approaches within liberal philosophy – centered on the bifurcation of negative versus positive freedom – faltered, and why a reconstruction of the liberal idea through the lens of quantitative versus qualitative freedom promises more success.
Conclusion
Authors: Dierksmeier Claus 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis chapter begins with a summary of the results of all previous chapters and continues with the main lessons to be learned for liberal economics and politics. First and foremost, no theory of freedom can succeed that does not recognize the qualitative dimension of freedom; any reduction of the idea of liberty to quantitative metrics alone results in a ‘reductio ad absurdum’ or has to rely on an underhanded introjection of qualitative criteria. As a consequence, contemporary liberal philosophy should explicate these implicit qualitative dimensions of the principle of freedom so as to open their content up for academic scrutiny and public discussion. When, however, doing just this and while elucidating which reasons legitimate people’s right to liberty anywhere, we come to see that these very reasons commit us also to advance the freedom of people everywhere and at any time. In sum, individual freedom is not being curbed or curtailed by the call for cosmopolitan responsibility. Rather, through taking on this very responsibility, individuals as well as institutions come closer to the very core of the liberal idea – while at the same time making its reign more broadly acceptable and thus assuring its sustainability over time.
Intestinal Perforation Secondary to Pits of Jujube Ingestion: A Single‐Center Experience with 18 Cases
Authors: Li Fei , Zhou Xin , Wang Bingyan , Guo Lei , Ma Yanpeng , Wang Dechen , Wang Liang , Zhang Li , Wang Hangyan , Zhang Lingfu , Tian Maolin , Tao Ming , Xiu Dianrong , Fu Wei 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackgroundIngestion of jujube pits is a common clinical problem, which can be difficult to diagnose and life‐threatening if accompanied with intestinal perforation and peritonitis. In this study, 18 cases of intestinal perforation caused by ingestion of jujube pits were reviewed and summarized to discuss the clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatments.MethodsFrom 2012 to 2018, a total of 18 patients diagnosed as intestinal perforation due to ingested pits of jujube in our center were retrospectively reviewed and the manifestations, laboratory tests, imaging examinations and treatment strategies were summarized.ResultsThe patients comprised of 11 males and 7 females with an average age of 63.5 years. The main clinical manifestation was abdominal pain. Twelve patients (67%) presented to the emergency department with signs of localized peritonitis. CT imaging revealed positive findings in 17 (94%) patients. Conservative treatments were attempted in 3 patients, and the other 15 patients received emergency surgical exploration, where 7 patients had more than one perforation identified during surgery. Five patients were admitted in the surgical intensive care unit after surgery. The average length of stay of all 18 patients was 9.8 days (range 5–24 days).ConclusionIngestion of jujube pits is a common clinical problem and potentially leads to intestinal perforation and peritonitis. CT imaging is the first imaging modality of choice. Patients with milder symptoms might be managed with cautious conservative treatment, and patients with more than one perforation can be identified during surgery.
Level of agreement of point-of-care and laboratory HbA1c measurements in the preoperative outpatient clinic in non-diabetic patients who are overweight or obese
Authors: van Raalten Floris , Hiemstra Yasmine L. , Keulen Noor , van Duivenvoorde Yoni , Stoecklein Katrin , Verhagen Evert A. , Boer Christa 
Published: January 2019

AbstractImplementation of point-of-care HbA1c devices in the preoperative outpatient clinic might facilitate the early diagnosis of glycemic disturbances in overweight or obese patients undergoing surgery, but validation studies in this setting do not exist. We determined the level of agreement between a point-of-care and laboratory HbA1c test in non-diabetic patients visiting the outpatient clinic for preoperative risk profiling. Point-of-care HbA1c levels were measured in whole blood obtained by a finger prick (Siemens DCA Vantage HbA1c analyzer) and in hemolysed EDTA blood in the central laboratory (LAB). Bland Altman and Clarke’s error grid analysis were used to analyze the agreement between the point-of-care and laboratory measurements. Patients (n = 49) were 55 ± 11 years old, 47% were male with a body mass index (BMI) of 30.6 ± 3.4 kg/m2. The mean HbA1c was 38.1 ± 3.7 mmol/mol or 5.6 ± 0.3%. One patient was diagnosed with a HbA1c indicative for diabetes mellitus (6.7%). Bland Altman analysis revealed a bias of − 0.53 ± 1.81 mmol/mol with limits of agreement of − 4.09 to 3.03 mmol/mol and a bias of − 0.05 ± 0.17% with limits of agreement − 0.39 to 0.28%. The percentage error was 9.2% and 5.9% for HbA1c expressed in mmol/mol and %, respectively. Clarke’s error grid analysis showed that 48 out of 49 measurements were located in area A (98%). Point-of-care HbA1c measurements showed a high level of agreement with the laboratory test in the outpatient setting, and may be used for preoperative risk profiling in patients prone to cardiometabolic complications.Trial registration: Netherlands Trial Register NTR3057.
Modeling rational decisions in ambiguous situations: a multi-valued logic approach
Authors: Metzger Olga , Spengler Thomas 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIf a decision context is completely precise, making good decisions is relatively easy. In the presence of ambiguity, rational decision-making is incomparably more challenging. We understand ambiguous situations as cases, where the decision-maker has imprecise (uncertain or vague) knowledge that is acquired from incomplete information (without limiting it to probability judgements as in common terminology). From that, we assume that imprecisions in knowledge can affect all elements of the decision field as well as the objective function. For the modeling of such decision situations, classical logics are no longer considered as means of choice, so that we suggest using approaches from the field of multi-valued logic. In the present work, we take suitable calculi from the so-called intuitionistic fuzzy logic into account. On that basis, we propose a model for the formulation and solving of decision problems under ambiguity (in the general sense). Particularly, we address decision situations, in which a decision-maker has sufficient information to specify point probability values, but insufficient information to express point utility values. Our approach is also applicable for modeling cases in which the probability judgments or both, probability and utility judgements are imprecise. Our model is novel in that we combine core elements of established approaches for the formal handling of uncertainty (maxmin and$$ \alpha $$α-maxmin expected utility models) with the mathematical foundation of intuitionistic fuzzy theory.
THE ELECTORAL CLOUT OF UNIONS IN JAPAN: VOTE MOBILIZATION IN COMPANY TOWNS
Authors: Ikeda Fumi 
Published: January 2019

AbstractInterest groups and other organizations are crucial vehicles for voter mobilization, but variations in their capacities are not well understood. To clarify the ways in which vote mobilization capacities vary, I analyze vote mobilization in two private-sector industrial unions supporting the Democratic Party of Japan (DPJ). The Japanese Federation of Textile, Chemical, Food, Commercial Service and General Workers’ Union (UA Zensen), has a very large membership but mobilizes few votes. The Confederation of Japan Automobile Worker's Unions (JAW), on the other hand, has fewer members but mobilizes more votes. In this article, I argue that unions whose constituent units operate company towns are most successful in mobilizing votes. Organizational capacity –independent of membership size – matters in the electoral arena. Using data from House of Councillors elections, I show that those industrial unions that include many enterprises with company towns have advantage in voter mobilization.
The Effect of European Intellectual Property Institutions on Chinese Outward Foreign Direct Investment
Authors: Papageorgiadis Nikolaos , Xu Yue , Alexiou Constantinos 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACTThis study examines the role of the strength of the Intellectual Property (IP) institutions of 23 European countries in attracting Chinese Outward Foreign Direct Investment (OFDI) during the time period 2003–2015. Following a dynamic panel data analysis methodology, we find that the strength of IP institutions has a positive effect in attracting higher levels of OFDI from China. This is an important finding for the OFDI literature from emerging markets, since previous studies have researched this relationship from the OFDI perspective of developed countries. However, we also find a weak indication of a potential U-shaped relationship between the strength of IP institutions and Chinese OFDI. To better understand this relationship, we interact a European country's membership in the Former Eastern Bloc (FEB) with the strength of IP institutions and find a negative moderating effect. We therefore find that when investing in FEB countries, Chinese firms are attracted to weaker levels of IP institutional strength. The results of this study have important implications for future studies on the determinants of OFDI from emerging markets, as well as for European and Chinese businesses and policy-makers concerning the importance of IP institutional strength.
A note on rigidity theorem of λ-hypersurfaces
Authors: Wei Guoxin , Peng Yejuan 
Published: January 2019

AbstractSelf-shrinkers are an important class of solutions to the mean curvature flow and their generalization is λ-hypersurfaces. In this paper, we study λ-hypersurfaces and give a rigidity result about complete λ-hypersurfaces.