bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MicroRNAs expression profiling in Egyptian colorectal cancer patients
Authors: Bader El Din Noha G. , Ibrahim Marwa K. , El‐Shenawy Reem , Salum Ghada M. , Farouk Sally , Zayed Naglaa , Khairy Ahmed , El Awady Mostafa 
Published: September 2019

AbstractEgypt has increased incidence and high rate of early onset colorectal cancer (CRC). This study aimed to profile the expression levels of 84 circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) in Egyptian CRC patients and to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of some selected miRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers for CRC patients. A total of 129 subjects (84 CRC patients and 45 healthy controls) were enrolled in two independent sample sets: the screening set (39 subjects) and the validation set (90 subjects). The expression profiles of 84 miRNAs were studied by miRNA PCR array in the screening set. Then four miRNAs (let‐7c, 21, 26a, 146a) were selected to be studied by quantitative real‐time PCR in the validation set. The PCR array results revealed significant up regulation of 20 miRNAs and downregulation of two miRNAs in CRC patients compared to the healthy subjects. Moreover, the expression levels of the four selected miRNAs were significantly higher in CRC serum samples than controls. The ROC analysis revealed that miRNAs (let‐7c, 21, 26a and 146a) can effectively discriminate between CRC patients and the controls. The combination of the four miRNAs showed AUC of 0.950 (95% CI [0.898–1.002], p = .001). However, the combination of miR‐21 and miR‐26a showed the best diagnostic accuracy with AUC of 0.953 (95% CI [0.908–0.999], p = .001). The current data suggest that miRNAs (let‐7c, 21, 26a, 146a) could play an important role in CRC development and they can be used as diagnostic biomarkers for CRC.
Decreased SPTLC1 expression predicts worse outcomes in ccRCC patients
Authors: Zhu Wen‐Kai , Xu Wen‐Hao , Wang Jun , Huang Yong‐Qiang , Abudurexiti Mierxiati , Qu Yuan‐Yuan , Zhu Yi‐Ping , Zhang Hai‐Liang , Ye Ding‐Wei 
Published: September 2019

AbstractObjectiveSerine palmitoyltransferase, long chain base subunit 1 (SPTLC1) catalyzes the first step in sphingolipid synthesis and has been implicated in the progression of various cancers. However, its role in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) remains unclear. Here, we investigated the expression and prognostic value of SPTLC1 in ccRCC.MethodsThree ccRCC patient cohorts were studied. ccRCC and adjacent normal kidney tissue samples were obtained from 183 patients at the Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center (FUSCC) and subjected to immunohistochemical staining and quantitative reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction to evaluate SPTLC1 protein and messenger RNA (mRNA) expression. Two validation cohorts consisting of mRNA and clinicopathological data sets from patients with ccRCC were obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA, n = 429) and Oncomine (n = 178) databases. Associations between low and high SPTLC1 mRNA and protein expression and survival were evaluated using the Kaplan‐Meier method and log‐rank test. Independent prognostic factors were identified using univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis.ResultsSPTLC1 mRNA or protein were expressed at significantly lower levels in ccRCC tissues compared with normal kidney tissues in all three patient cohorts (P < .001). Low SPTLC1 expression was significantly associated with shorter overall survival in the FUSCC (P = .041) and Oncomine (P < .001) cohorts, and was significantly associated with shorter overall survival (P < .0001) and progression‐free survival (P < .001) in the TCGA cohort. Bioinformatics analysis identified 10 genes significantly coregulated with SPTLC1 in ccRCC, most of which contributed to sphingomyelin metabolism (SPTLC2, SPTLC3, SPTSSA, SPTSSB, ORMDL1, ORMDL2, ORMDL3, ZDHHC9, GOLGA7B, and KDSR). Functional enrichment analysis predicted that SPTLC1 and its network play significant roles in inflammatory, hypoxia, and interferon gamma responses, and in allograft rejection pathways.ConclusionLow SPTLC1 expression is significantly associated with disease progression and poor survival in patients with ccRCC, suggesting that SPTLC1 may function as a tumor suppressor. Thus, SPTLC1 could be a potential new biomarker and/or therapeutic target for ccRCC.
Cyclic fatigue and energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy examination of the novel ROTATE instrument
Authors: Ertuğrul İhsan F. , Orhan Ekim O. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractTo investigate the cyclic fatigue resistance of novel ROTATE instruments and to compare with the same size of One Curve, TF adaptive, and Mtwo instruments using a root canal simulation model. Four‐type of 25/0.06 instruments were used: ROTATE, Mtwo, One Curve, TF adaptive. Instruments were divided into two subgroups: Distilled water and 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (n = 20). Instruments were operated at 35°C. The time to fracture and the length of the fractured fragments were compared One‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey's multiple comparison tests (p < .05). Descriptive analysis was performed for the elemental composition of instruments by Energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy. ROTATE demonstrated the lowest Ni content and SD values. ROTATE had significantly higher NCF values than other groups (p < .0001). Sodium hypochlorite was decreased the mean NCF values. This is the first study in the literature on the cyclic fatigue of ROTATE. ROTATE presented higher cyclic fatigue life than One Curve, TF Adaptive, and Mtwo.
Design, Synthesis, Antimicrobial Evaluation, and Laccase Catalysis Effect of Novel Benzofuran–Oxadiazole and Benzofuran–Triazole Hybrids
Authors: Faiz Sadia , Zahoor Ameer Fawad , Ajmal Muhammad , Kamal Shagufta , Ahmad Sajjad , Abdelgawad Abdelrahman M. , Elnaggar Mehrez E. 
Published: September 2019

Novel structural hybrids of benzofuran–oxadiazole and benzofuran–triazole have been synthesized and evaluated for their potential against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and Escherichia coli. The excellent antibiotic activity was shown by compounds 5c and 9c against S. aureus with minimum inhibitory concentration values in 1.74–5.16 mg/mL range. The estimation of in vitro antifungal activity of synthetic compounds was performed against Trichoderma harzianum, Aspergillus niger, and Metarhizium anisopliae. Among compounds 5a–5j, only 5h and 5i showed promising antifungal potential against T. harzianum and A. niger, whereas compound 5j showed enhanced antifungal effect only against A. niger when their activity values were compared with standard drug amphotericin. No pronounced antifungal activity was shown by synthesized compounds 9a–j, except for compound 9g, which was active against all fungal strains having minimum inhibitory concentration values in 1.90–2.03 mg/mL range. In addition to antimicrobial evaluation, the synthesized compounds were also analyzed to study their effects on the catalytic potential of laccase, and it was found that among all, compound 9b showed very strong activity with maximum relative reactivity of 145% at 0.03‐mM concentration.
Design of low‐power high‐speed CNFET 1‐trit unbalanced ternary multiplier
Authors: Shrivastava Yogesh , Gupta Tarun Kumar 
Published: September 2019

AbstractExisting two‐level binary logic and MOSFET (metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor) technology have limitations. To overcome the limitations, three levels ternary logic with CNFET (carbon nanotube field effect transistor) technology is introduced. In this paper, the 1‐trit ternary multiplier is reconfigured for wide applications using CNFET Stanford model, for low and high die temperature. The proposed design is compared with two existing designs of the multiplier on the basis of power consumption, delay, requirements of the chip area, and other parameters. The proposed design uses a decoder that is a modified version of existing decoders. The role of the modified decoder is to convert ternary signals into binary form. Because of this conversion, analysis and implementation of the circuit become easier along with improvement in power consumption and delay with other parameters at low and high temperature.
Pharmaceutical quality of antibiotics in Small Island Nations in the Western Pacific region: a pilot survey
Authors: Scrimgeour Sophia , Nunan Michael , Sanburg Amanda L. C. , Jones Alison , Narkowicz Christian , Jacobson Glenn A. , Schneider Jennifer J. , McLachlan Andrew J. , Quilty Simon 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundAustralia's closest neighbours in the Western Pacific face many procurement, distribution and regulatory challenges providing patients with quality pharmaceuticals on limited budgets. This study tested the hypothesis that some antibiotics being used within the healthcare systems of Papua New Guinea, Vanuatu and the Solomon Islands were substandard, and through this pilot project explored challenges and constraints around collaborative regional pharmaceutical quality testing opportunities.MethodsA list of 11 commonly used and ‘essential’ acute care intravenous and oral antibiotic products was compiled. A purposive sample of 20 units of each listed medicine was collected at the earliest possible point of the supply chain within the three participating nations. These samples were transported to Australia for analysis.ResultsAll oral and intravenous product samples complied with uniformity of mass standards, except for oral amoxicillin from Country 3. Most antibiotics showed uniformity of content except for cloxacillin.ConclusionMost samples met quality standards, except for cloxacillin, which failed dramatically and this may indicate increased susceptibility to degradation in tropical settings. Although the results are reassuring compared with recent studies of pharmaceutical quality in this region, products of substandard quality were identified. The issues encountered in the timely testing of samples demonstrate the need for innovative solutions to promote pharmaceutical quality assurance, particularly in resource‐limited settings. Strategic regional cooperation could greatly increase testing capability for Small Island Nations, benefiting the most vulnerable populations and strengthening antibiotic stewardship across the region.
Tracing the production area of citrus fruits using aroma‐active compounds and their quality evaluation models
Authors: Zhang Wenlin , Chen Tingting , Tang Jianmin , Sundararajan Balasubramani , Zhou Zhiqin 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDAroma is one of the most important aspects of fruit quality and can reflect the characteristics of different fruits. Aroma‐active compounds can usefully be employed to trace the production areas of two citrus cultivars (‘Eureka’ lemon and ‘Huapi’ kumquat) and to evaluate their aroma quality.RESULTS‘Huapi’ kumquat peel displayed higher monoterpene and sesquiterpene compound content, whereas ‘Eureka’ lemon peel exhibited higher monoterpene and monoterpene aldehyde compound content. ‘Eureka’ lemon peel (‘Wanzhou’ cultivar) had higher nerol acetate and geraniol acetate compound content. Kumquat peel (‘Suichuan’ and ‘Rongan’ cultivars) had higher sesquiterpene content. In addition, 30 and 31 aroma‐active compounds were observed in kumquat and lemon, respectively, based on their odor activity values. Principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) results indicated that classification for production areas based on aroma‐active compounds was useful. The selected aroma‐active compounds have been checked as aroma quality parameters that could be used with multivariate analysis to establish a model of aroma quality evaluation. Higher aroma quality values from kumquat and lemon were collected from Rongan and Wanzhou cultivars, respectively.CONCLUSIONAroma‐active compounds can be used to discriminate production areas using multivariate statistics. An objective method was established to evaluate the aroma quality of citrus fruits. ‘Huapi’ kumquat and ‘Eureka’ lemon, which had the highest aroma quality, was harvested from the Rongan and Wanzhou production areas. This was the first time that the aroma quality of citrus fruits was evaluated using multivariate analysis. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Selenium affects the activity of black tea in preventing metabolic syndrome in high‐fat diet‐fed Sprague–Dawley rats
Authors: Gao Ying , Xu Yongquan , Ruan Jianyun , Yin Junfeng 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDMetabolic syndrome, a group of factors that increase the risk of health problems, is becoming increasingly common. Strategies to prevent metabolic syndrome have received substantial attention. Black tea consumption and selenium (Se) intake have been reported to be associated negatively with the prevalence of metabolic syndrome. We therefore sought to investigate whether Se‐rich black tea might have a stronger effect than Se‐deficient black tea in the prevention of metabolic syndrome.RESULTSSprague–Dawley rats were divided into four groups and fed a normal rodent diet, high‐fat diet, high‐fat diet containing 3% Se‐rich black tea, or a high‐fat diet containing 3% Se‐deficient black tea for 4 weeks. Blood and tissue samples were tested at the end of the experiment. The results suggested that both types of black tea ameliorated high‐fat diet‐induced body‐weight gain, lowered serum triglycerides and attenuated intestinal barrier dysfunction. Selenium‐rich black tea showed stronger activity in decreasing fasting serum glucose and increasing insulin sensitivity, as well as stronger hepatoprotection, owing to higher total antioxidant capacity and activated hepatic antioxidant enzymes. However, it did not exhibit better effects in preventing fat accumulation. The different effects of Se‐rich and Se‐deficient black tea on the gut microbiota might have been partially responsible for the results.CONCLUSIONCompared with Se‐deficient black tea, Se‐rich black tea displayed stronger activity in preventing high‐fat diet‐induced hyperglycemia and liver damage but was not better at preventing fat accumulation and attenuating dysbiosis. More experiments are needed to understand the underlying mechanisms further. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
A simple liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry approach for the simultaneous quantification of thirteen compounds in rats following oral administration of raw and processedFructus Xanthii: Application in a comparative pharmacokinetic study
Authors: Jiang Hai , Yang Liu , Xing Xudong , Yan Meiling , Guo Xinyue , Man Wenjing , Hou Ajiao , Yang Bingyou , Wang Qiu‐Hong , Kuang Hai‐Xue 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA simple and sensitive analysis using ultra high performance liquid chromatography with a tandem mass spectrometric system operated in selected reaction monitoring mode was developed for the determination of 11 phenolic acids, atractyloside, and carboxyatractyloside in rat plasma. The two classes of analytes were then separated on a Waters ACQUITY™ UPLC HSS T3 column (50 mm × 2.1 mm, 1.8 µm) using gradient elution with a mobile phase of 0.2% formic acid in water containing 10 mM ammonium acetate and methanol. Detection was accomplished by selected reaction monitoring scanning via an electrospray source operating in negative ionization mode. The calibration curve was linear (R2 = 0.990) over a concentration range of 1.20–3500 ng/mL, while the validated lower limit of quantification was 1.20 ng/mL. The precision varied from 0.84 to 4.62%, and the accuracy varied within ±5%. The method proved robust with sample freezing and thawing and with short‐ and long‐term sample storage. The established method was used for simultaneous quantification and was successfully used for the first time for the pharmacokinetic evaluation of 13 compounds after the intragastric administration of raw and processedFructus Xanthiiin rats. The results indicated that processing affects the absorption and metabolism ofFructus Xanthiiextract. Importantly, the results also indicated the importance of processing for the clinical application of traditional Chinese medicine.
Obstructive sleep apnea treatment in adults
Authors: Chang Hong‐Po , Chen Yu‐Feng , Du Je‐Kang 
Published: September 2019

AbstractSleep‐related breathing disorders are complex problems that decrease quality of life and increase morbidity and mortality in patients. Comprehensive evaluation is essential for selecting and planning obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) treatments. However, the many proposed OSA treatments are rarely compared in the literature. The literature on OSA consists largely of case series studies, and the paucity of controlled studies makes comparisons of OSA treatments difficult. This article provides a brief overview of the most common OSA interventions. Because of the controversies and unanswered questions about OSA treatments, further studies are needed to define what treatments are best for specific OSA patients.
Enhancement of Bactericidal Activity via Cyclic Poly(cationic liquid) Brushes
Authors: Liu Wenying , Dong Yishi , Liu Shengjie , Wei Ting , Wu Zhaoqiang , Chen Hong 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIn addition to extensive studies of conventional linear poly(ionic liquids) (PILs), exploration of the effects of PIL topology, especially cyclic architecture, on bactericidal properties will expand the design possibilities for the development of excellent antibacterial surfaces. Herein, the preparation of antibacterial surfaces based on cyclic PIL brushes is reported for the first time and how the cyclic PIL architecture affects bactericidal activity is investigated. It is shown that the cyclic architecture imparted PIL brushes with enhanced bactericidal activity, achieving only 1.7% of bacterial viable percentage against gram‐negative Escherichia coli using Live/Dead staining methods, compared to 6.6% for the corresponding linear PIL brushes. The enhanced bactericidal activity is also validated by the direct observation of scanning electron microscopy and a colony counting assay. Further mechanism studies reveal that the substantially different morphologies of cyclic aggregates and altered surface charge density induced by the cyclic PIL architecture can account for the enhanced bactericidal activity.
Coenzyme Q10 Upregulates Platelet cAMP/PKA Pathway and Attenuates Integrin αIIbβ3 Signaling and Thrombus Growth
Authors: Ya Fuli , Xu Xiaohong Ruby , Shi Yilin , Gallant Reid C. , Song Fenglin , Zuo Xiao , Zhao Yimin , Tian Zezhong , Zhang Cheng , Xu Xiping , Ling Wenhua , Ni Heyu , Yang Yan 
Published: September 2019

ScopePlatelet integrin αIIbβ3 is the key mediator of atherothrombosis. Supplementation of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), a fat‐soluble molecule that exists in various foods, exerts protective cardiovascular effects. This study aims to investigate whether and how CoQ10 acts on αIIbβ3 signaling and thrombosis, the major cause of cardiovascular diseases.Methods and resultsUsing a series of platelet functional assays in vitro, it is demonstrated that CoQ10 reduces human platelet aggregation, granule secretion, platelet spreading, and clot retraction. It is further demonstrated that CoQ10 inhibits platelet integrin αIIbβ3 outside‐in signaling. These inhibitory effects are mainly mediated by upregulating cAMP/PKA pathway, where CoQ10 stimulates the A2A adenosine receptor and decreases phosphodiesterase 3A phosphorylation. Moreover, CoQ10 attenuates murine thrombus growth and vessel occlusion in a ferric chloride (FeCl3)‐induced thrombosis model in vivo. Importantly, the randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled clinical trial in dyslipidemic patients demonstrates that 24 weeks of CoQ10 supplementation increases platelet CoQ10 concentrations, enhances the cAMP/PKA pathway, and attenuates αIIbβ3 outside‐in signaling, leading to decreased platelet aggregation and granule release.ConclusionThrough upregulating the platelet cAMP/PKA pathway, and attenuating αIIbβ3 signaling and thrombus growth, CoQ10 supplementation may play an important protective role in patients with risks of cardiovascular diseases.
Use of Hypertonic Media to Cryopreserve Sauger Spermatozoa
Authors: Blawut Bryan , Wolfe Barbara , Moraes Christa R , Ludsin Stuart A , Coutinho da Silva Marco A 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the effects of extender osmolality on postthaw sperm quality and fertility in Sauger Sander canadensis. Fresh milt from 10 male Saugers was diluted by using base extenders with osmolalities of 350, 500, or 750 mOsm/kg (E350, E500, and E750, respectively) containing 10% dimethyl sulfoxide, frozen in LN2 vapor, and stored. Sperm parameters (total motility, progressive motility, velocity, and viability) were assessed at different steps of the cryopreservation process (extended, equilibrated, and postthaw). Fertilization rates were compared between fresh and frozen sperm and at two sperm-to-egg ratios. All of the parameters that were measured, except for progressive motility, were reduced by cryopreservation. Extender 500 yielded the highest postthaw progressive motility (32.20 ± 3.86% [mean ± SD]) and velocity (84.97 ± 16.82 μm/s), whereas both E350 and E500 displayed the highest total motility (65.30 ± 4.24 and 68.70 ± 6.46%) and viability (80.60 ± 4.84 and 78.80 ± 3.91%), respectively. By contrast, E750 yielded the lowest postthaw velocity, viability, and total and progressive motility. Despite the increase in the motility parameters, fertilization in E350 (13.93%) was approximately double that in E500 (6.58%), although not statistically different. In conclusion, traditional isosmotic base extenders (E350) were found to be superior to hypertonic base extenders in the preservation of Sauger milt. These results serve as a starting point for future investigations of cryopreservation potential for Sauger spermatozoa that work toward developing a freezing protocol that is more suitable for large-scale application.
Electrocyclic Ring‐Opening of 1,2,4‐Oxadiazole[4,5‐a]piridinium Chloride: a New Route to 1,2,4‐Oxadiazole Dienamino Compounds
Authors: Carella Stefano , Memeo Misal Giuseppe , Quadrelli Paolo 
Published: September 2019

Abstract1,2,4‐Oxadiazole[4,5‐a]piridinium chloride adds nucleophiles to undergo electrocyclic ring opening affording 1,2,4‐oxadiazole dienamino derivatives. These pyridinium salts represent a special class of Zincke salts that are prone to rearrange when treated with primary amines or in the presence of bicarbonate to give the pyridones. The pivotal tuning of the experimental conditions leads to a straightforward synthesis of valuable 1,2,4‐oxadiazole dienamine derivatives. The mechanism is also discussed in the light of NMR experiments and theoretical calculations.