bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hybrid warfare on the Ukrainian battlefield: developing theory based on empirical evidence
Authors: Schmid Johann 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
With the takeover of Crimea by masked Russian soldiers/fighters without national insignia in February/March 2014, with the Kremlin at first denying its involvement, war became ‘hybrid’ in our minds. The follow-on conflict in Eastern Ukraine, with separatism supported by neighbouring countries and the armed establishment and military securing of pseudo-state people’s republics, including recourse to pro-Russian fighters ‘on holiday’, has reinforced the impression of a hybrid form of warfare, raising the question: what is hybrid warfare? This article argues that the specific nature of hybrid warfare is essentially a strategic matter characterised by three key tendencies and their orchestration within a hybrid ‘grand strategy’: 1. Focusing the decision of the war/conflict, as such, primarily on a broad spectrum of non-military centres of gravity in a flexible and dynamic manner. 2. Operating in the shadow of various interfaces against specific vulnerabilities of the opponent, thus challenging traditional lines of order and responsibilities, creating ambiguity and paralysing the decision-making process of the opponent. 3. Creative combination and parallel use of different civilian and military means and methods, categories and forms of warfare and fighting, thus creating ‘new’ mixed, hybrid forms.1 At the same time, there is a growing sense that hybrid forms of warfare will shape the face of war in the 21st century.2 They seem to offer unpretentious political success by smart recourse to limited, deniable and supposedly manageable use of force. The assumption that the risk of military escalation and political damage could be kept within limits may at the same time increase the likelihood of the offensive use of hybrid forms of warfare. For this reason, it is high time to improve our common and comprehensive understanding of hybrid forms of warfare as a precondition for common and comprehensive action in defence and response.
The U.S. Foreign Policy Towards The Baltic States: The Implications Of Ukraine Crisis
Authors: Jakstaite Gerda 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This paper aims to discuss the implications of Ukraine crisis to the U.S. foreign policy towards the Baltic States. This paper consists of several parts. To begin with, political discourse of Obama‘s and Trump‘s administrations‘ is analysed. The second part presents an analysis of practical level of U.S. relations with Baltic States during and after Ukraine crisis, focusing on three dimensions: political/diplomatic, military and economic. In the third part of this paper, implications of the Ukrainian crisis on U.S. relations with Baltic States are assessed, comparing trends in official political discourse and practical foreign policy of Baltic States prior to and after the Ukraine crisis.
Gender-Specific Differences of Oxidative Processes in the Population of Circulating Neutrophils of Rats in a Setting of Prolonged Administration of Monosodium Glutamate
Authors: Krynytska Inna , Marushchak Mariya , Rutska Anastasiia 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackground and aims:Monosodium salt of glutamic acid (MSG) is one of the most common food additives. The aim of study was to assess, in gender-specific terms, how prolonged administration of MSG effects on reactive oxygen and nitrogen species formation and the apoptotic/necrotic processes in the population of rats circulating neutrophils.Material and methods:Experimental studies were conducted on 32 mature white rats. MSG was administered intragastrical at a dose of 30 mg/kg body weight for 30 days. The analysis of cell samples to determine neutrophils with overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and signs of apoptosis\necrosis was evaluated with flow laser cytometry method. The total nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity was determined by monitoring the rate of conversion of L-arginine into citrulline. The total quantity of NO metabolites was assessed by evaluating of nitrite and nitrate ions.Results:We found a significant increase in generation of ROS, intensification of nitroxydergic processes, an increase in the percentage of apoptotic neutrophils and no changes in the percentage of necrotic neutrophils.Conclusions:We observed activation of oxidative and nitroxydergic processes in rats with prolonged administration of MSG, which initiate apoptosis. In gender-specific terms, a more pronounced changes were seen in male rats.
Interrelations Between Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Obese Women with Two Complications (Hypertension, Diabetes)
Authors: Karaouzene Nessrine Samira , Merzouk Hafida , Merzouk Amel Saidi , Bouanane Samira , Loudjedi Lotfi , Merzouk Sid Ahmed 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Background and aims: Interaction between oxidative stress and inflammation has not been comprehensively investigated in the association obesity – diabetes - hypertension. Our aim was to investigate interrelations between inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers in obese women with two complications (hypertension, type 2 diabetes).

Material and Methods: 54 obese patients without complications, 46 diabetic patients with obesity, 48 hypertensive diabetic obese women, and 120 healthy controls were recruited from the department of nuclear medicine (Algeria). Inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers were assayed by appropriate methods.

Results: Inflammatory markers were significantly higher in all obese groups compared to controls. Elevated pro-oxidants and decreased antioxidant markers were noted in obese women. These alterations were accentuated when obesity was associated with hypertension and diabetes. A positive interrelationship between inflammatory mediators and oxidative status, and a negative one with antioxidants were noted during obesity. Hypertension and diabetes enhanced these correlations. Leptin, C-reactive protein, catalase, superoxide dismutase, ion superoxide, peroxynitrite were found to be the best inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers that can predict diabetes and hypertension in obese women.

Conclusions: oxidative stress and inflammation were intimately interconnected in women obesity associated with diabetes and hypertension.
Low Total Testosterone-Component of Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Goel Prashant , Popa Amorin R. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Background and aims: To assess the levels of total testosterone in the metabolic syndrome patients.

Material and Methods: We included ninety-six patients in our study, forty-nine with metabolic syndrome according to the definition of International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and forty-seven as control. Anthropometric measurements were registered and blood samples were taken after an overnight fast.

Results: The mean values of different parameters showed significant differences between both groups. The total testosterone mean value was (338,97±91,2 ng/ml) substantially lower as compared to patients with metabolic syndrome to control group.

Conclusion: There is an inverse relationship between total testosterone and metabolic syndrome. Low total testosterone can be a predictor of rising incidence of metabolic syndrome.
Validation of the Romanian Version of a Self-Administered Food Frequency Questionnaire
Authors: Roman Gabriela , Crăciun Anca-Elena , Rusu Adriana , Crăciun Cristian , Ananie Bogdan , Bala Cornelia 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Background and aims: The present study aimed to assess the relative validity of the Romanian version of a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) in evaluating habitual dietary intake.

Material and methods: We used an FFQ that comprised questions on 90 beverage and food items from Nurses Health Questionnaire. The linguistic interchangeability between translation and original questions of the FFQ was assessed in 50 bilingual adults. Also, the FFQ was validated against the 24-h recall diary in 85 participants from ORO study enrolled in Cluj County.

Results: The Spearman correlation coefficients between the Romanian and English versions of the FFQ ranged between 0.614 and 1.000, with the majority having values >0.900 (p <0.05 for all). Caloric and nutrient intake estimated from FFQ was significantly correlated with that derived from 24-h dietary recall (correlation coefficients 0.243 to 0.339; p-values <0.05). >70% of the participants were classified in the same or adjacent quartiles of energy and nutrient consumption showing a good agreement between FFQ and 24-h dietary recall. Tested FFQ questionnaire had a good internal consistency with Cronbach’s alpha coefficients of 0.931 and 0.949, respectively.

Conclusion: Tested FFQ had an acceptable relative validity and can be used to estimate caloric and macronutrient intake.
Identification of Phenyl Alanine Ammonia Lyase Gene Involved in the Synthesis of Anacardic Acid in Anacardium occidentale L.
Authors: Sija S. L 
Published: August 2019

Anacardic acids, a class of medicinally and industrially important phenolic compounds is found in a variety of dicotyledonous families chiefly in Cashew (Anacardium occidentale L). Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) shows a dominant role in the biosynthesis of poly phenolic compounds, which are involved in the defense mechanism in harsh environments related to various stimuli. The current study was conducted to find out the presence of anacardic acid in ethyl acetate extract of young leaves of cashew using high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) method and the presence of phenyl alanine ammonia lyase gene also plays a role in the biosynthesis of anacardic acid in young leaves was also confirmed by cDNA synthesis from a cellular mRNA template connected to the polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
Antipsychotic Prescribing Pattern in Elderly Patients with Psychiatric Disorders
Authors: Varghese Grace Ann , Mansekhar K , Chethana S , Disha Rani S , Roop Sai G 
Published: August 2019

The elderly people are more prone to develop psychiatric disorders due to a number of factors like changes in the brain, other illnesses etc. They represent the most vulnerable group as they are most sensitive to the effects of drugs and are at increased risk of developing adverse drug reactions. This warrants the need to make the prescribers cautious about rational prescribing of antipsychotics to the Elderly. The study included elderly inpatients and outpatients visiting psychiatry ward with psychiatric disorders. Descriptive weighed analysis was performed to determine the prescribing practices of atypical antipsychotics. Among the 70 patients who were involved in the study, 36 patients were diagnosed with neurotic disorders and 30 patients were diagnosed with psychotic disorders and 4 were diagnosed with degenerative disorders (dementia). In our study neurotic disorders (51%) were the major diagnosis. 6 different atypical antipsychotic drugs were prescribed to the patients suffering from different psychiatric disorders. Among them olanzapine (43%) was the most commonly prescribed drug, followed by quetiapine (30%), risperidone (21%), clozapine (3.2%), lurasidone (1%), and aripiprazole (1%). This study has concluded that atypical antipsychotics are preferred over typical antipsychotics and Olanzapine is the most commonly prescribed drug for the elderly patients suffering from psychiatric disorders. On comparison of the prescribed daily doses with the maximum daily dose we have observed that the prescribed daily doses for the elderly patients were well within the maximum daily dose of the drugs and in our study no adverse drug reactions were reported in the study subjects that were involved.
Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Penggunaan APD pada Pekerja Teknisi Mesin di PT PLN Rayon Tembilahan
Authors: Edigan Firman , Putra Deny Pratama 
Published: August 2019

[ID] PT PLN Rayon Tembilahan adalah perusahaan yang bergerak di bidang penyediaan tenaga listrik, pada penelitian awal terdapat pekerja pada shift siang masih banyak pekerja yang tidak menggunakan APD dengan lengkap sesuai dengan bagian pekerjaanya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan pekerja, kondisi lingkungan, ketersediaan sarana, pengawasan terhadap penggunaan APD pada pekerja teknisi mesin di PT PLN Rayon Tembilahan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian Cross Sectional. Sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan total sampling dimana pekerja teknisi mesin di PT PLN Rayon Tembilahan yang berjumlah 35 orang. Analisis data secara univariat dan bivariat dengan uji-square. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh tidak ada hubungan pengetahuan dengan penggunaan APD dengan nilai p=0,899, adanya hubungan kondisi lingkungan dengan penggunaan APD dengan nilai p=0,022 dan diperoleh nilai OR=8,500, adanya hubungan sarana prasarana dengan penggunaan APD dengan nilai p=0,031 dan diperoleh nilai OR=6,857, tidak ada hubungan pengawasan dengan penggunaan APD dengan nilai p=0,854 dan diperoleh nilai OR=1,429. Diharapkan kepada pihak PLN Rayon Tembilahan agar memperihatikan kondisi lingkungan kerja dan bisa melengkapi sarana prasarana untuk pekerja agar dapat mengurangi resiko terhindar dari kecelakaan kerja.
[EN] PT PLN Rayon Tembilahan is a company in the provision of electric power, In the initial study there are workers in the afternoon shift there are still many workers who do not use the complete PPE related with their work, the purpose of this study to determine the relationship of worker knowledge, environmental conditions, the availability of facilities, supervision of the use of PPE on workers in the engine technician PT PLN Rayon Tembilahan. The research method used is quantitative research with Cross Sectional research design. The sample in this research use total sampling where machine technician workers in PT PLN Rayon Tembilahan which amounted to 35 person. Univariate and bivariate data analysis with square test. The result of this research is no correlation with the use of PPE with p = 0,899, there is relation of environmental condition with PPE usage with p value = 0,022 and obtained value OR = 8,500, there is correlation of facility of infrastructure by using PPE with p value = 0,031 and Value OR = 6.857, there is no relationship of supervision with the use of PPE with the value p = 0.854 and obtained the value OR = 1.429. It is expected to PLN Rayon Tembilahan to envisage the condition of the work environment and can equip the infrastructure for workers to reduce the risk of avoidance of work accident.
ANTI-CANDIDATURA BICHA CAMICASE PARA DEPUTADO FEDERAL! VOTE 2424 PELO FIM DA PRISÃO NO BRASIL!
Authors: Da Escóssia Rafael 
Published: August 2019

Rafael da Escóssia
'ANTI-CANDIDATURA BICHA CAMICASE PARA DEPUTADO FEDERAL! VOTE 2424 PELO FIM DA PRISÃO NO BRASIL!', 2018 | performance | https://vimeo.com/289867005
PERBEDAAN HASIL BELAJAR MENGGUNAKAN MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING DAN METODE CERAMAH BERMAKNA MATERI DESAIN GRAFIS SMAN 1 GONDANG TULUNGAGUNG
Authors: Elmasari Yandria 
Published: August 2019

<p><em>Model Problem Based Learning (PBL) merupakan salah satu model pembelajaran yang dinilai dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa, aktivitas siswa, serta kemampuan bekerja sama antar siswa. Disini siswa lebih diberdayakan dalam pembelajaran dari pada guru karena guru hanya bertindak sebagai fasilitator yang mengarahkan siswa dalam pembelajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah hasil belajar materi Desain Grafis siswa yang diajar menggunakan model Problem Based Learning lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan menggunakan metode ceramah bermakna pada siswa kelas XII SMAN 1 Gondang Tulungagung.</em></p>Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada perbedaan nilai hasil belajar secara signifikan antara siswa kelas eksperimen dengan siswa kelas kontrol, berdasarkan hasil uji-t yang memperoleh t<sub>hitung. </sub>(6,074) &gt; t<sub>tabel </sub>(1,658). Hasil belajar siswa kelas eksperimen lebih tinggi dari hasil belajar siswa kelas kontrol. Diperoleh nilai rata rata hasil belajar kelas eksperimen (83,92) lebih tinggi dari nilai rata-rata hasil belajar kelas kontrol (78,27) dengan selisih sebesar 5,65 poin dan selisih tingkat ketuntasan sebesar 21,2%. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan model Problem Based Learning dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada materi desain grafis.
DESAIN DATABASE UNTUK OPTIMALISASI SISTEM PREDIKSI TRANSAKSI PENJUALAN
Authors: Sucipto Sucipto , Indriati Rini , Hariawaan Fitra Bagoes 
Published: August 2019

The advance of informational technology is expected to be a tool which helps data tabulating process. Management and usage of the data systematically can produce detailed information. The important of data management is able to enhance the quality of information that is processed. Data management is started from the storage system of data namely database design. In the database design, the thing that should be heeded is the relation of each table inside of it. The relation among the table shows the linkages data that will be processed to be essential information. In this research, the focused discussion is optimalizing a table for further tabulating towards a marketing informational system database. The database that will be optimalized will be used to marketing prediction tabulation. In tabulating stage, data prediction in database will be exported into two databases namely PostgreSQL and MariaDB. The data used for examining amount 476619 marketing data is taken from marketing transaction among 2015-2017. This research data is tabulated using join table that produce 374 data. The data is the information that will be used for marketing prediction. Based on rapidity examination of marketing data tabulation by using PostSQL indicates slight difference around 0.26 seconds faster than MariaDB. The research result of database optimalizing design which has been made shows that PostgreSQL is better in data tabulating rapidity than MariaDB
ENERGI ALTERNATIF DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN REAKSI ELEKTROKIMIA
Authors: Putri Asti Riani 
Published: August 2019

<em>Pentingnya sosialisasi tentang energi alternatif penghasil listrik yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk kebutuhan sehari-hari misalnya yang paling sederhana adalah menyalakan lampu digunakan sebagai penerangan di rumah walaupun tidak permanen tapi sangat efektif membantu apabila terjadi pemadaman listrik tiba2. Mahalnya tarif listrik permeter membuat masyarakat kecil harus berfikir dua kali lipat untuk mengatur pengeluaran kebutuhan sehari-hari sehingga mendorong untuk menemukan energi alternatif yang dapat menghasilkan tegangan dan arus listrik serta ramah lingkungan. Melihat banyaknya produk deterjen di indonesia menginspirasi untuk mengolah limbah hasil cucian pakaian atau benda yang lain bahkan air deterjen itu sendiri,karena selama ini limbah bekas cucian dibuang begitu saja sehingga dapat mencemari lingkungan,tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu mengurangi pengaruh pencemaran lingkungan akibat limbah bekas cucian yang digunakan sebagai sumber energi alternatif untuk menyalakan lampu penerangan di rumah atau bahkan di jalan.Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu dengan reaksi kimia atau elektrolisis yang melibatkan seng dan karbon juga kandungan dalam air cucian deterjen .Hasil Penelitian ini nantinya dapat menghasil energi yang terbarukan serta dapat meringankan beban masyarakat untuk membayar listrik dari PLN serta pengembangan selanjutnya dibuat pembangkit mandiri pada setiap rumah sehingga masyarakat dapat berhemat listrik</em>
Análisis de la Problemática de mortalidad materna en el estado de Nuevo León en la actualidad
Authors: Treviño Treviño Hannia Melissa , Tamez-González Gerardo 
Published: August 2019

El presente artículo es producto de una revisión bibliográfica, cuyo objetivo consistió en mostrar evidencia de la mortalidad materna como un elemento clave de la teoría del desarrollo humano, así como los distintos entornos institucionales, políticos y sociales que brindan el acceso a la salud en el estado de Nuevo León, como uno de los factores principales para avanzar hacia una sociedad sustentable con un nivel alto de calidad de vida. Se aplicó el método de análisis, con un enfoque cualitativo, diseño no experimental, bajo un nivel documental-bibliográfico transversal. Tras la revisión documental se encontró que: la medición de indicadores de salud en el estado de Nuevo León son diseñados sobre la base de las instituciones mundiales en salud, que brindan información esencial y especifica respecto a la salud materna.Palabras clave: Mortalidad materna, objetivos del desarrollo del milenio, salud reproductiva.AbstractThis article is the product of a literature review, whose aim consisted in showing evidence of the maternal mortality as a key element of the theory of human development, as well as the different institutional, political and social settings which provide access to healthcare in the state of Nuevo León, as one of the main factors to move towards a sustainable society with a high-quality life level. The method of analysis was applied with a qualitative approach, non-experimental design, under a documentary-literature cross sectional level. After the documentary review, it was found that: the measuring of the health indicators in the Nuevo León State are designed on the basis of the global institutions on health, which provide vital and specific information regarding to maternal health.Key words: Maternal Mortality, Millennium Development Goals, Reproductive Health. Cómo referenciar este artículo: Tamez-González, G., & Treviño Treviño, H. M. (2017). Análisis de la problemática de mortalidad materna en el estado de nuevo león en la actualidad. Revista Políticas,Globalidad y Cuidadanía, 57-64.
Impactos a la biodiversidad por parques eólicos en el noreste de méxico
Authors: Robles Guerrero Franco Gerardo 
Published: August 2019

El presente artículo es producto de una revisión bibliográfica, cuyo objetivo consistió en analizar cómo el noreste de México desde la reforma energética de 2013 ha tenido un aumento de producción de energías renovables, destacándose la energía eólica, esto debido a condiciones orográficas que generan condiciones climáticas favorables. Se aplicó el método de análisis, con un enfoque cualitativo, diseño no experimental, bajo un nivel documental-bibliográfico transversal. Tras la revisión documental se encontró que, Si bien la producción eólica mitiga la dependencia de combustibles de origen fósil, pormenoriza el hecho por el cual la instalación y operación de parques eólicos desencadena impactos a la biodiversidad, en especial a especies con capacidad voladora (aves, murciélagos y mariposas), entre los que se destacan; colisiones con aerogeneradores, disturbio ambiental, así como modificación de hábitat. Se concluye que es evidente el crecimiento de la industria eólica que mantiene y mantendrá el noreste del país.
De la Democracia participativa al Gobierno Abierto: hacia una delimitación conceptual.
Authors: Gómez Díaz de León Carlos 
Published: August 2019

El presente artículo es producto de una revisión bibliográfica, cuyo objetivo consistió en reflexionar sobre el concepto de democracia como una forma de participación política de la sociedad en su conjunto. Se aplicó el método de análisis, con un enfoque cualitativo, diseño no experimental, bajo un nivel documental-bibliográfico transversal. Tras la revisión documental se encontró que: debido a las profundas transformaciones que se viven a nivel mundial producto de los distintos movimientos sociales, políticos y económicos, inducen a la reflexión serena y aguda sobre las mejores formas de organizar las instituciones gubernamentales y sobre todo el papel del ciudadano en los sistemas políticos. En el presente capitulo se abordará de manera general. Se concluye que las transformaciones económicas, sociales y tecnológicas han provocado reformas trascendentales en el modelo de gobierno, afectando de esta manera el funcionamiento de las democracias modernas.