bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Structure on Electronic Charge Transport in 3D Ge Nanowire Networks in an Alumina Matrix
Authors: Ray Nirat , Gupta Nikita , Adhikary Meghadeepa , Nekić Nikolina , Basioli Lovro , Dražić Goran , Bernstorff Sigrid , Mičetić Maja 
Published: April 2019

AbstractWe demonstrate formation of material consisting of three-dimensional Germanium nanowire network embedded in an insulating alumina matrix. A wide range of such nanowire networks is produced using a simple magnetron sputtering deposition process. We are able to vary the network parameters including its geometry as well as the length and width of the nanowires. The charge transport in these materials is shown to be related to the nanowire surface per unit volume of the material, α. For low values of α, transport is characterized by space charge limited conduction and a drift of carriers in the extended states with intermittent trapping-detrapping in the localized states. For large values of α, charge transport occurs through hopping between localized electronic states, similar to observations in disorder-dominated arrays of quantum dots. A crossover between these two mechanisms is observed for the intermediate values of α. Our results are understood in terms of an almost linear scaling of the characteristic trap energy with changes in the nanowire network parameters.
Development of a fluorescence-based method for the rapid determination of Zika virus polymerase activity and the screening of antiviral drugs
Authors: Sáez-Álvarez Yanira , Arias Armando , del Águila Carmen , Agudo Rubén 
Published: April 2019

AbstractZika virus (ZIKV) is an emerging pathogen that has been associated with large numbers of cases of severe neurologic disease, including Guillain-Barré syndrome and microcephaly. Despite its recent establishment as a serious global public health concern there are no licensed therapeutics to control this virus. Accordingly, there is an urgent need to develop methods for the high-throughput screening of antiviral agents. We describe here a fluorescence-based method to monitor the real-time polymerization activity of Zika virus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). By using homopolymeric RNA template molecules, de novo RNA synthesis can be detected with a fluorescent dye, which permits the specific quantification and kinetics of double-strand RNA formation. ZIKV RdRp activity detected using this fluorescence-based assay positively correlated with traditional assays measuring the incorporation of radiolabeled nucleotides. We also validated this method as a suitable assay for the identification of ZIKV inhibitors targeting the viral polymerase using known broad-spectrum inhibitors. The assay was also successfully adapted to detect RNA polymerization activity by different RdRps, illustrated here using purified RdRps from hepatitis C virus and foot-and-mouth disease virus. The potential of fluorescence-based approaches for the enzymatic characterization of viral polymerases, as well as for high-throughput screening of antiviral drugs, are discussed.
Neue Leitlinien zur Myokardrevaskularisation: Antithrombotische Therapie
Authors: Harris Maria-Theresa , Gonska Bernd-Dieter 
Published: April 2019

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGLeitlinien stellen Werkzeuge dar, die den Prozess zur Entscheidungsfindung einer zufriedenstellenden Gesundheitsversorgung unterstützen. Diese Hilfsmittel bedürfen einer kontinuierlichen Aktualisierung, um den Fortschritten und Entwicklungen in der Medizin gerecht zu werden. Die 2018 erschienene Leitlinienaktualisierung zur Myokardrevaskularisation umfasste unter anderem die Thematik der antithrombotischen Therapie. Änderungen betreffen Patienten mit Vorhofflimmern (VHF) und begleitender Plättchenhemmertherapie, bei welchen die Bevorzugung von einem direkten oralen Antikoagulans (DOAK) gegenüber einem Vitamin-K-Antagonisten (VKA) bzw. die Wahl einer höheren Dabigatrandosis (150 mg vs. 110 mg) empfohlen wird. Des Weiteren wurde die Relevanz von Plättchenfunktionstests thematisiert. Die Leitlinien sehen eine mögliche Plättchenhemmerstufentherapie bei Patienten mit einem akuten Koronarsyndom (ACS) zur Blutungsminimierung vor. Dabei kann eine Deeskalation von höher potenten auf niedriger potente P2Y12-Hemmer in Abhängigkeit eines Plättchenfunktionstests erfolgen. Der Bivalirudineinsatz verliert bei ACS-Patienten an Bedeutung und erfährt ein downgrading. Schlussendlich kann die Gabe von intravenösen antithrombotischen Medikamenten wie einem Glykoprotein-IIb/IIIa-Hemmer (bei ACS-Patienten) und Cangrelor (bei einer Koronarintervention) in Betracht gezogen werden.
Precisión diagnóstica de la radiografía para la medición de túneles óseos en reconstrucción de ligamento cruzado anterior
Authors: Ronco Juanjosé , González Xabier , Sagasti Ignacio , Bralic Diego , Iglesias Agustín , Aguayo Gonzalo , Lavín Gonzalo 
Published: April 2019

Objetivo Determinar la precisión diagnóstica de las radiografías de rodilla para la medición de los diámetros de los túneles tibiales y femorales en reconstrucción de ligamento cruzado anterior (RLCA).
Materiales y Pacientes Estudio retrospectivo de precisión diagnóstica en pacientes con antecedentes de RLCA. Inclusión: RLCA realizada en el mismo centro, con el mismo equipo quirúrgico, entre 2011 y 2015; uso de cualquier tipo de injerto y de fijación; estudiados con radiografía (Rx) y tomografía computada (TC) durante postop en el mismo centro. Exclusión: desfase Rx-TC > 6 meses; cirugía entre estudios radiológicos. Análisis de túneles por 3 especialistas (OsiriX). La precisión diagnóstica consideró la TC como gold standard. Se midieron las diferencias inter e intra-observador, y las variables que interfirieron en las mediciones.
Resultados 22 pacientes cumplieron los criterios de selección, determinando 528 mediciones en total (Rx y TC, fémur y tibia, 3 observadores, 2 tiempos). No hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la medición de los túneles femorales (p = 0.8986), pero sí en cuanto a los diámetros tibiales (p = 0.0001). El análisis de precisión diagnóstica determinó una sobrevaloración de los diámetros óseos al usar la radiografía (10,5% en fémur, 10% en tibia). Hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas inter-observador tanto en Rx como en TC (observador más joven con el resto); sin diferencias intra-observador.
Conclusión La Rx como método diagnóstico del diámetro de túneles óseos luego de una RLCA sobreestima los valores reales, lo que empeora cuando el observador tiene menor experiencia.
Design of green water quality monitoring vessel based on dual operation mode
Authors: Wang Hengtao , Li Huiyuan , Zhang Yan 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Aiming at the heavy workload of water quality monitoring on waters like inland rivers and lakes and the shortage of small-scale surface water quality monitoring equipment, a green water quality monitoring vessel was designed and developed based on dual operation mode from the perspective of practicability. The overall design scheme was put forward, the structure design and function development were completed, the dynamic performance analysis was carried out by using the simulation software such as Ansys, and the performance index of the water quality monitoring vessel for normal operation was obtained. Through the prototype production and launching experiments, the control and function realization of the designed water quality monitoring vessel were verified, which provided the basis for real ship application.
Neural Networks Considered Harmful
Authors: Zhang Yanwei , Wang Wenwen 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
System administrators agree that omniscient modalities are an interesting new topic in the field of complexity theory, and researchers concur. Given the current status of lossless information, experts shockingly desire the visualization of model checking. In this position paper, we use biomorphic information to disconfirm that the little-known random algorithm for the simulation of journaling file systems by Van Jacobson is optimal.
Structural variant analysis for linked-read sequencing data with gemtools
Authors: Greer S U , Ji H P 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Summary
Linked-read sequencing generates synthetic long reads which are useful for the detection and analysis of structural variants (SVs). The software associated with 10× Genomics linked-read sequencing, Long Ranger, generates the essential output files (BAM, VCF, SV BEDPE) necessary for downstream analyses. However, to perform downstream analyses requires the user to customize their own tools to handle the unique features of linked-read sequencing data. Here, we describe gemtools, a collection of tools for the downstream and in-depth analysis of SVs from linked-read data. Gemtools uses the barcoded aligned reads and the Megabase-scale phase blocks to determine haplotypes of SV breakpoints and delineate complex breakpoint configurations at the resolution of single DNA molecules. The gemtools package is a suite of tools that provides the user with the flexibility to perform basic functions on their linked-read sequencing output in order to address even more questions.

Availability and implementation
The gemtools package is freely available for download at: https://github.com/sgreer77/gemtools.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Differential Contribution of Cortical Thickness, Surface Area, and Gyrification to Fluid and Crystallized Intelligence
Authors: Tadayon Ehsan , Pascual-Leone Alvaro , Santarnecchi Emiliano 
Published: March 2019

AbstractHuman intelligence can be broadly subdivided into fluid (gf) and crystallized (gc) intelligence, each tapping into distinct cognitive abilities. Although neuroanatomical correlates of intelligence have been previously studied, differential contribution of cortical morphologies to gf and gc has not been fully delineated. Here, we tried to disentangle the contribution of cortical thickness, cortical surface area, and cortical gyrification to gf and gc in a large sample of healthy young subjects (n = 740, Human Connectome Project) with high-resolution MRIs, followed by replication in a separate data set with distinct cognitive measures indexing gf and gc. We found that while gyrification in distributed cortical regions had positive association with both gf and gc, surface area and thickness showed more regional associations. Specifically, higher performance in gf was associated with cortical expansion in regions related to working memory, attention, and visuo-spatial processing, while gc was associated with thinner cortex as well as higher cortical surface area in language-related networks. We discuss the results in a framework where “horizontal” cortical expansion enables higher resource allocation, computational capacity, and functional specificity relevant to gf and gc, while lower cortical thickness possibly reflects cortical pruning facilitating “vertical” intracolumnar efficiency in knowledge-based tasks relevant mostly to gc.
Local product space and firm-level churning in exported products
Authors: Hazir Cilem Selin , Bellone Flora , Gaglio Cyrielle 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThis article explores the determinants of changes to the range of exports at the firm level with a focus on the role played by the firm’s local environment. It extends the model developed by Bernard et al. (2010) to a multiregional setting to account for localized externalities. The model is tested using French micro-data on monoregional manufacturing firms covering the period 2002–2007. Our main finding is that the local product space has an impact on exporters’ product-market entry and exit decisions. Firms tend to modify their exported product mix to achieve congruence with the core products of the locality. Also, firms receive higher revenue from the export of products that are more related to the core capabilities of the locality.
Utilizing in vitro DNA assembly to engineer a synthetic T7 Nanoluc reporter phage for Escherichia coli detection
Authors: Pulkkinen Elsi M , Hinkley Troy C , Nugen Sam R 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Bacteria have major role in regulating human health and disease, therefore, there is a continuing need to develop new detection methods and therapeutics to combat them. Bacteriophages can be used to infect specific bacteria, which make them good candidates for detecting and editing bacterial populations. However, creating phage-based detection assays is somewhat limited by the difficulties in the engineering of phages. We present here a synthetic biology strategy to engineer phages using a simple in vitro method. We used this method to insert a NanoLuc luciferase expression cassette into the T7 phage, in order to construct the NRGp6 reporter phage. The synthetic NRGp6 phage was used to efficiently detect low concentrations of Escherichia coli from liquid culture. We envision that our approach will benefit synthetic biologists for constructing different kinds of engineered phages, and enable new approaches for phage-based therapeutics and diagnostics.
The association between obesity and self-reported current depression among adult cancer survivors residing in Brazil
Authors: Dias de Oliveira Gisele , Oancea S Cristina , Nucci Luciana B , Vogeltanz-Holm Nancy 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Background
The purpose of the current study was to investigate the association between obesity and self-reported current depression (SRCD) in a population-based sample of adult Brazilian cancer survivors.

Methods
The sample for this study (N=930) was based on the 2013 Brazilian National Health Survey. SRCD was assessed using the 8-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-8). Obesity was defined as a body mass index ≥30 kg/m2. Multivariable weighted logistic regression models were conducted to investigate the association between obesity and SRCD among Brazilian adult cancer survivors.

Results
The weighted prevalence of obesity and SRCD among adult cancer survivors was 26.4% (95% confidence interval [CI] 22.5 to 30.3%) and 13.7% (95% CI 10.4 to 17.1%), respectively. Overall there was no significant weighted and adjusted association between obesity and SRCD among cancer survivors (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 0.99 [95% CI 0.56 to 1.73]). Nevertheless, among cancer survivors of working age (18–59 y), this association was significant (AOR 2.19 [95% CI 1.28 to 3.73]) and therefore obesity is significantly associated with a 119% increase in the odds of SRCD among Brazilian adult cancer survivors of working age.

Conclusions
Since both obesity and depression may lead to worse health and quality of life outcomes in this young and middle-aged population, further investigations are needed in order to establish the causality and directionality of this association.
Fit and Counterfeit: The Volatile Values of Epilepsy in Wilkie Collins’s Poor Miss Finch
Authors: Brophy Gregory 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
This paper explores Victorian culture’s persistent associations between epilepsy and bodily expenditure to locate the place of the epileptic body within the Victorian ‘libidinal economy’. It centres on a reading of Wilkie Collins’s Poor Miss Finch (1872) as a highly original meditation on the implications of disability and visibility. In this novel, a reclusive silversmith named Oscar Dubourg curbs his post-traumatic seizures with silver nitrate, a remedy that causes a dark-blue discoloration of the skin. Behind the narrative necessity of this device, I locate an epistemological desire to render the condition of epilepsy visibly evident by saturating (and implicitly racializing) Oscar so that the inside shows through. The sporadic visibility of epilepsy confers a radically unstable identity upon its sufferer, one represented by the fluidity and anonymity of the unshaped silver and gold plates that Oscar moulds in his workshop. These plates inspire rumours throughout the community that Oscar is a counterfeiter. Oscar’s valuable metals, along with his health, are stolen in one fell swoop; the thieves brutally attack him, precipitating his traumatic epilepsy. The silver does not disappear, then, but is transmuted into Oscar’s affliction; these shifting metaphorical values of silver can be productively read in light of Victorian discourses of pathology, not least the widespread concern about malingerers ‘counterfeiting’ epilepsy. Can an afflicted body ‘pass’ as healthy? Can healthy bodies perform affliction? These are questions that Oscar’s story raises, with the help of a twin brother who exchanges identities with him in order to retain his fiancée’s affections. Collins’s sensational marriage plot, peopled with a cast of ‘problem bodies’, pulls the novel into critical conversation with a nexus of nineteenth-century medical and eugenic discourses dedicated to the surveilling of physical difference and the ‘policing’ of legitimate and illegitimate disabilities.
Occupational stress in Remotely Piloted Aircraft System operators
Authors: Phillips A , Sherwood D , Greenberg N , Jones N 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Background
Although there is currently little research data to support the contention, concerns have been raised about possible traumatic stressors inherent to Remotely Piloted Aircraft System (RPAS) operator roles. Factors such as exposure to visually traumatic events compounded by long working hours and blurred boundaries between military and civilian life have been cited as potential stressors. Robust research into the well-being of RPAS operators is scarce and mostly samples US personnel.

Aims
To provide mental health and well-being data relating to UK RPAS operators.

Methods
UK RPAS operators completed mental health questionnaires to assess levels of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety and depression symptoms, alcohol use and occupational functioning. Respondents were also asked about work patterns.

Results
Forty-one per cent of the sample reported potentially hazardous alcohol use. Ten per cent met psychiatric symptom criteria for moderate or severe anxiety, and 20% for moderate depressive symptoms. While there were no cases of probable PTSD, 30% of the sample reported sub-clinical PTSD symptoms likely to impair occupational functioning. Overall, 70% of the sample reported that psychological symptoms significantly impaired their functioning.

Conclusions
Compared to UK military sub-groups, RPAS operators were not at increased risk of mental health problems. However, a high proportion of the sample reported significant functional impairment, which has not been explored in other comparable studies. The most frequently highlighted work-related stressors were timing of RPAS work and operator shift patterns.
Transfeminine Spectrum Parenting: Evidence from the National Transgender Discrimination Survey
Authors: Walls N Eugene , Kattari Shanna K , Speer Stephanie Rachel , Kinney M Killian 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Using data from the 2010 National Transgender Discrimination Survey, authors examined differences in likelihood of being a parent across a number of factors and described parenting experiences of those who were assigned a male sex at birth (AMAB) and who currently identify on the transfeminine spectrum (AMAB-transfeminine). Authors found that those who are AMAB-genderqueer are more likely to be parents, while those who were assigned female at birth regardless of gender identity are less likely to be parents. Among AMAB-transfeminine individuals, increases in likelihood of being a parent were found based on Latinx racial identity, being in a relationship, and with increases in age and income, whereas no significant differences were found based on educational level or disability status. Equal proportions of the AMAB-transfeminine parents reported that their relationship with their children has either stayed the same or become worse since coming out and between 16.0% and 42.0% of AMAB-transfeminine parents reported that either a judge, their ex-partner, or their children have limited their relationship. Findings underscore the importance of an intersectional understanding of the transgender community and the need for intersectional cultural responsiveness training for social workers, along with the need for family interventions and policy advocacy work.
The stomatal response to rising CO2 concentration and drought is predicted by a hydraulic trait-based optimization model
Authors: Wang Yujie , Sperry John S , Venturas Martin D , Trugman Anna T , Love David M , Anderegg William R L 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Modeling stomatal control is critical for predicting forest responses to the changing environment and hence the global water and carbon cycles. A trait-based stomatal control model that optimizes carbon gain while avoiding hydraulic risk has been shown to perform well in response to drought. However, the model’s performance against changes in atmospheric CO2, which is rising rapidly due to human emissions, has yet to be evaluated. The present study tested the gain–risk model’s ability to predict the stomatal response to CO2 concentration with potted water birch (Betula occidentalis Hook.) saplings in a growth chamber. The model’s performance in predicting stomatal response to changes in atmospheric relative humidity and soil moisture was also assessed. The gain–risk model predicted the photosynthetic assimilation, transpiration rate and leaf xylem pressure under different CO2 concentrations, having a mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of 25%. The model also predicted the responses to relative humidity and soil drought with a MAPE of 21.9% and 41.9%, respectively. Overall, the gain–risk model had an MAPE of 26.8% compared with the 37.5% MAPE obtained by a standard empirical model of stomatal conductance. Importantly, unlike empirical models, the optimization model relies on measurable physiological traits as inputs and performs well in predicting responses to novel environmental conditions without empirical corrections. Incorporating the optimization model in larger scale models has the potential for improving the simulation of water and carbon cycles.
N-chlorotaurine Inactivates Acanthamoeba and Candida albicans in the Porcine Ex Vivo Corneal Infection Model
Authors: Teuchner Barbara , Wibmer Idris D. , Schaumann Philipp , Seifarth Christof , Walochnik Julia , Nagl Markus 
Published: April 2019

Purpose:

N-chlorotaurine (NCT) is an anti-infective belonging to the class of chloramines and an investigative drug for the topical treatment of keratoconjunctivitis. The aim of the present study was to demonstrate its efficacy against Acanthamoeba and Candida in corneas infected ex vivo.

Methods:
Corneal buttons from porcine eyes were contaminated with Acanthamoeba castellanii trophozoites or Candida albicans Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 5982 and incubated for 7 and 3 days, respectively. Subsequently, they were treated with 1% NCT for 5 to 120 minutes. After further incubation for 2 days in the absence of NCT in tests with A. castellanii, the buttons were homogenized, and the amoebae grown for a further 5 days before they were counted in a light microscope. For C. albicans, quantitative cultures were performed from corneal homogenates.

Results:
Incubation of 120 minutes in NCT completely inhibited the regrowth of A. castellanii and reduced the number of C. albicans colony-forming unit counts by 4 log10. In addition, at 60 minutes, significant reductions of both pathogens could be observed. Histology showed penetration of pathogens into the stroma of the corneal buttons.

Conclusions:
NCT inactivates A. castellanii and C. albicans in corneal tissue.