bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oxidative Stress Manifestation for Community-Acqiured Pneumonia in Children Living in Endemic Area of Iodine Deficiency
Authors: Pavlyshyn Halyna , Kibar Volha , Slyva Viktoriia 
Published: October 2018

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the state of oxidative stress, level of molecular damage in relationship with the subcellular distribution of iodine in patients with community-acquired pneumonia from the iodine deficiency region.
Materials and Methods: Our study involved 70 children, 4-14 years old, with CAP (moderate severity in 35 children (Group 1); severe - in 35 (Group 2)) and 35 healthy children of the control group (Group 3). The state of organificated/inorganic, antioxidant defense system, stress-dependent systems, apoptosis and the level of molecular damage were assessed in serum samples.
Results: Lower concentration of organificated iodine (12% and 59%, respectively) and high concentration of inorganic iodine (21% and 48%, respectively) were found in Groups 1 and 2. Patients of Group 2 had an inverse relationship between the levels of iodine distribution for the organic and inorganic iodine (r = - 0.645, p<0.05). In patients of Group 1, this relationship tends to decrease. The oxidative stress indicators correlated with disease severity. ROS generation indices in patients of Group 1 is 28.1 (24.2; 32.1) RFU/mg; (p < 0.05); Group 2 – 40.2 (34.2; 42.5) RFU/mg (p < 0.05); Caspase-3 is 25.77 (21.45–32.16) pmol/mg Group 1 and 39.42 (32.41–44.21) pmol/mg Group 2, (respectively, p < 0.05). We found that children with a severe pneumonia have a prooxidant activation, manifested by a significant increase of oxidation-modified proteins [2.21 (1.88–2.53) nmol/mg)] and DNA fragmentation [13.42 (10.3–15.46) %], (p < 0.05). The extent of DNA damage correlates with the extent of apoptosis.
Conclusions: Increase in the concentration of inorganic iodine with a simultaneous decrease in the level of organic iodine in the blood, which leads to a more severe course of pneumonia. Fluctuations in the indices of oxidative stress, the level of molecular damage and the intensity of apoptosis in children with pneumonia correlate with the severity of the disease.
Circulating cell free DNA and miRNA Amount in Congenital Hearing Loss
Authors: Caglar Ozge , Cayir Akin , Cilgin Begum , Derekoy Sefa 
Published: October 2018

Objective: Our aim is to detect the amount of miRNA and free DNA in the peripheral blood of young people with congenital hearing loss and compare this with control group.
Materials and Methods: In our study, 16 patients who have congenital hearing loss and go to the private school for deaf children and 16 healthy individuals were selected in the same age group. 5 cc blood was taken from peripheral vessels of each individual. We compared the circulating cell-free DNA and miRNA amount with the results of the control group.
Results: The ccfDNA amount of the patients with hearing loss was lower than the control group and It was statistically significant. On the contrary, we found the higher amount of ccfmiRNA in plasma samples of the patients with hearing loss. The statistical analysis showed that ccfmiRNA amount in congenital loss is consistently significantly higher than the control group.
Conclusion: The miRNA and freeDNA can be used early in the diagnosis of congenital hearing loss.
Molybdenum-99 production via lead and bismuth moderators and milli-structure- 98Mo samples by the indirect production technique using the Monte Carlo method
Authors: Khorshidi A 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
We describe the design of a neutron activator that contains a beryllium target, a lead/bismuth moderator, graphite/PbF2 reflectors, and a boron absorber. Production of the 99Mo isotope using millimeter-sized 98Mo samples located in various regions of the activator was simulated using the MCNPX code. If the 98Mo samples are placed in the reflector region, the yield increases due to a larger flux of epithermal neutrons.
Dynamic recrystallization. A comparison between magnesium and quartz
Authors: Burrows Sue , Humphreys John , White Stanley H. 
Published: October 2018

On discute les théories courantes du début de la recristallisation statique en même temps que les aspects microstructuraux de la recristallisation dynamique, en faisant particulièrement référence aux métaux.
Les résultats d'une étude de la déformation à chaud du magnésium polycristallin sont présentés et comparés avec les observations des quartz déformés naturellement.
On discute l'importance de la structure en «noyau et manteau «observée dans les deux matériaux. Bien que certains aspects de la déformation semblent être communs aux métaux et aux minéraux, on doit être prudent quant à l'interprétation des microstructures des minéraux considérés comme des modèles métallurgiques, qui sont souvent trop simplistes et non prouvés.
The Galactic Census of High- and Medium-mass Protostars. IV. Molecular Clump Radiative Transfer, Mass Distributions, Kinematics, and Dynamical Evolution
Authors: Barnes Peter J. , Hernandez Audra K. , Muller Erik , Pitts Rebecca L. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
We present 12CO, 13CO, and C18O data as the next major release for the CHaMP project, an unbiased sample of Galactic molecular clouds in l = 280°–300°. From a radiative transfer analysis, we self-consistently compute 3D cubes of optical depth, excitation temperature, and column density for ∼300 massive clumps, and update the

-dependent CO → H2 conversion law of Barnes et al. For N ∝ I

p
, we find p = 1.92 ± 0.05 for the velocity-resolved conversion law aggregated over all clumps. A practical, integrated conversion law is

= (4.0 ± 0.3) × 1019 m−2

1.27±0.02, confirming an overall 2× higher total molecular mass for Milky Way clouds, compared to the standard X factor. We use these laws to compare the kinematics of clump interiors with their foreground 12CO envelopes, and find evidence that most clumps are not dynamically uniform: irregular portions seem to be either slowly accreting onto the interiors, or dispersing from them. We compute the spatially resolved mass accretion/dispersal rate across all clumps, and map the local flow timescale. While these flows are not clearly correlated with clump structures, the inferred accretion rate is a statistically strong function of the local mass surface density Σ, suggesting near-exponential growth or loss of mass over effective timescales ∼30–50 Myr. At high enough Σ, accretion dominates, suggesting gravity plays an important role in both processes. If confirmed by numerical simulations, this sedimentation picture would support arguments for long clump lifetimes mediated by pressure confinement, with a terminal crescendo of star formation, suggesting a resolution to the 40 year old puzzle of the dynamical state of molecular clouds and their low star formation efficiency.
Inference of Stellar Parameters from Brightness Variations
Authors: Ness Melissa K. , Aguirre Victor Silva , Lund Mikkel N. , Cantiello Matteo , Foreman-Mackey Daniel , Hogg David W. , Angus Ruth 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
It has been demonstrated that the time variability of a star’s brightness at different frequencies can be used to infer its surface gravity, radius, mass, and age. With large samples of light curves now available from Kepler and K2, and upcoming surveys like TESS, we wish to quantify the overall information content of this data and identify where the information resides. As a first look into this question, we ask which stellar parameters we can predict from the brightness variations in red-giant stars data and to what precision, using a data-driven, nonparametric model. We demonstrate that the long-cadence (30 minute) Kepler light curves for 2000 red-giant stars can be used to predict their

and

. Our inference makes use of a data-driven model of a part of the autocorrelation function (ACF) of the light curve, where we posit a polynomial relationship between stellar parameters and the ACF pixel values. We find that this model, trained using 1000 stars, can be used to recover the temperature

to <100 K, the surface gravity to <0.1 dex, and the asteroseismic power-spectrum parameters

and

to <11 μHz and <0.9 μHz (≲15%). We recover

from range of time lags 0.045 <

< 370 days and the

,

, and

from the range 0.045 <

< 35 days. We do not discover any information about stellar metallicity in this model of the ACF. The information content of the data about each parameter is empirically quantified using this method, enabling comparisons to theoretical expectations about convective granulation.
Extremely Irradiated Hot Jupiters: Non-oxide Inversions, H− Opacity, and Thermal Dissociation of Molecules
Authors: Lothringer Joshua D. , Barman Travis , Koskinen Tommi 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Extremely irradiated hot Jupiters, exoplanets reaching dayside temperatures >2000 K, stretch our understanding of planetary atmospheres and the models we use to interpret observations. While these objects are planets in every other sense, their atmospheres reach temperatures at low pressures comparable only to stellar atmospheres. In order to understand our a priori theoretical expectations for the nature of these objects, we self-consistently model a number of extreme hot Jupiter scenarios with the PHOENIX model atmosphere code. PHOENIX is well-tested on objects from cool brown dwarfs to expanding supernovae shells, and its expansive opacity database from the UV to far-IR make PHOENIX well-suited to understanding extremely irradiated hot Jupiters. We find several fundamental differences between hot Jupiters at temperatures >2500 K and their cooler counterparts. First, absorption by atomic metals like Fe and Mg, molecules including SiO and metal hydrides, and continuous opacity sources like H−, all combined with the short-wavelength output of early-type host stars, result in strong thermal inversions, without the need for TiO or VO. Second, many molecular species, including H2O, TiO, and VO are thermally dissociated at pressures probed by transit and eclipse observations, potentially biasing retrieval algorithms that assume uniform vertical abundances. We discuss other interesting properties of these objects, as well as future prospects and predictions for observing and characterizing this unique class of astrophysical object, including the first self-consistent model of the hottest known Jovian planet, KELT-9b.
IGRINS Spectral Library
Authors: Park Sunkyung , Lee Jeong-Eun , Kang Wonseok , Lee Sang-Gak , Chun Moo-Young , Kim Kang-Min , Yuk In-Soo , Lee Jae-Joon , Mace Gregory N. , Kim Hwihyun , Kaplan Kyle F. , Park Chan , Sok Oh Jae , Lee Sungho , Jaffe Daniel T. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
We present a library of high-resolution (R ≡ λ/Δλ ∼ 45,000) and high signal-to-noise ratio (S/N ≥ 200) near-infrared spectra for stars of a wide range of spectral types and luminosity classes. The spectra were obtained with the Immersion GRating INfrared Spectrograph covering the full range of the H (1.496–1.780 μm) and K (2.080–2.460 μm) atmospheric windows. The targets were primarily selected for being MK standard stars covering a wide range of effective temperatures and surface gravities, with metallicities close to the solar value. Currently, the library includes flux-calibrated and telluric-absorption-corrected spectra of 84 stars, with prospects for expansion to provide denser coverage of the parametric space. Throughout the H and K atmospheric windows, we identified spectral lines that are sensitive to T
eff or

and defined corresponding spectral indices. We also provide their equivalent widths (EWs). For those indices, we derive empirical relations between the measured EWs and the stellar atmospheric parameters. Therefore, the derived empirical equations can be used to calculate the T
eff and

of a star without requiring stellar atmospheric models.
Être manouche : une histoire de familles
Authors: Poueyto Jean-Luc 
Published: October 2018

Les Manouches affirment qu’ils se différencient des gadjé par le lien qu’ils entretiennent avec leurs morts. Loin de s’inscrire dans une nostalgie menacée de disparaître, une telle attitude souligne au contraire combien différentes conceptions du temps historique peuvent coexister dans la société dite occidentale et influer sur le sentiment identitaire de communautés humaines. Ainsi, le « respect des défunts » est partie prenante d’une certaine conception de la famille, de l’habitat, de l’héritage… Lieu de distorsion et d’intégration, il relève alors d’un conflit idéologique latent avec la société environnante dans lequel la société manouche peut sans cesse se réinventer.
Mariages, richesse et générations chez les Roms Cortorari de Roumanie. Notes sur une parenté tournée vers l’avenir
Authors: Tesăr Cătălina 
Published: October 2018

On a longtemps soutenu que les attitudes des Tsiganes à l’égard du temps s’inspiraient d’une orientation court-termiste. À partir d’une enquête de terrain menée parmi les Roms Cortorari de Roumanie, je suggère que leur appréhension du temps comprend également une dimension qui permet à l’avenir de figurer dans leurs conceptions de la vie. Plus encore, une préoccupation constante pour le mariage et la succession des générations, conjuguée à une manière particulière de considérer certains objets de valeur (les « taxtaja », calices), confirme une parenté orientée vers l’avenir.
Balanced or Negative Reciprocity. Thinking/Remembering, Seeing Dreams and Collecting Money among Sinti in North Italy
Authors: Tauber Élisabeth 
Published: October 2018

Cet article s’intéresse à la manière dont les Sinti des Alpes italiennes perçoivent leurs « manières de faire » comme complé­mentaires aux idées, valeurs et pratiques du travail et du salariat en vigueur dans la société majoritaire. J’y analyse la création invisible et silencieuse des cadres ontologiques sinti par la pensée, le souvenir et les rêves, qui leur permet d’équilibrer ce qu’ils perçoivent des relations qu’ils entretiennent avec leurs clients Gağe lorsqu’ils s’agit de collecter de l’argent. L’article contribue plus largement aux discussions sur les concepts de travail, de mendicité et de colportage, en déplaçant la perspective d’une opposition entre sociétés roms et sociétés majoritaires à l’analyse d’une épistémologie sinti qui vise à penser le monde relationnellement, en le comprenant comme un système réciproque d’échange étendu auquel les Gağe clients appartiennent également.
Condition migrante et existence humaine
Authors: Tassin Étienne 
Published: October 2018

Une triple opération de disqualification des exilés, diffusée par les discours médiatiques, politiques mais aussi scientifiques, fait obstacle à la perception des enjeux cosmopolitiques de ce qu’on peut appeler la « condition migrante » : diabolisation, victimisation, prolétarisation. Les exilés sont pernicieux, dangereux, malheureux. Sans retourner le stigmate de façon caricaturale, on peut cependant travailler à relever ce qui donne sens à cette condition migrante en mettant en évidence qu’elle est une dimension constituante du « mouvement de l’existence humaine » au sens qu’a défini le philosophe tchèque Jan Patocka. En sorte que, loin d’opposer les « exilés » à nous, la condition migrante se révèle un visage de la condition humaine en général. Et que ce qui la rend aux yeux de certains ignominieuse, odieuse ou douloureuse s’avère au contraire constituer un ressort ordinaire de l’existence. L’enjeu de cette réflexion est de pointer les ressources et la puissance d’agir dont témoignent les individus condamnés à des errances sauvages et risquées pour suggérer que la condition migrante est la condition humaine elle-même.
De l’opérationnel à l’opératoire : enjeux de la déconflictualisation dans les pratiques de santé au travail
Authors: Spoljar Philippe 
Published: October 2018

Les préconisations de « bonnes pratiques » soutenues par les discours et démarches de prévention de la santé au travail tendent paradoxalement à reconduire certains traits fonctionnels de l’organisation du travail en cause dans l’apparition des désordres sanitaires, en poursuivant l’objectif apparemment contraire d’y apporter des solutions. Le phénomène étudié d’effacement de la « conflictualité » relève de processus qui participent à une désymbolisation des pratiques professionnelles. L’auteur tente de saisir, dans cet article, les effets de « désubjectivation » qui peuvent en résulter, en particulier certaines conséquences psychiques que l’on peut décrire en termes de « pensée opératoire » et de phénomènes psychosomatiques.
La déchéance de nationalité
Authors: Zalc Claire 
Published: October 2018

Comment comprendre les ratages de la révision constitutionnelle annoncée par François Hollande au lendemain des attentats de novembre 2015 ? Cet article propose de revenir sur cet épisode en en proposant quelques lectures historiennes, déclinées sur plusieurs temporalités. Ce faisant, il aborde la question des dialogues entre histoire et pouvoir, autour des jeux passé-présent initiés autour de cet événement.
Les nouveaux défis médiatiques
Authors: Muhlmann Géraldine 
Published: October 2018

La loi de 1881 sur la liberté d’expression est toujours un pilier de notre État de droit, dans la V e République. Cette loi installe un équilibre entre une liberté d’expression première, ne nécessitant aucune autorisation administrative préalable, et la définition d’abus de type pénal, sanctionnés a posteriori , donc. Cet équilibre légal est cependant défié et fragilisé : par le fonctionnement des réseaux sociaux, ou encore par l’atmosphère de suspicion qui entoure les délits contre les personnes (concurrence des mémoires et des souffrances). Cependant, le légalisme – attitude consistant à régler tous les problèmes par la loi – se porte bien (peut-être aux fins d’impressionner l’opinion), malgré les problèmes qu’il pose sur des sujets comme le hate speech ou les fake news .
Innovative Method for the Analysis of Dexpanthenol in Hair Care Products
Authors: Weiss Caryn L , Fairchild Mark R , Stanton Brian , Nshime Bertil S , Parkanzky Paul D 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Background: Dexpanthenol is a widely used humectant in hair care products, especially anti-hairfall products. The hair care industry is highly regulated in East Asia and treats products containing the combination of dexpanthenol, zinc pyrithione, and nicotinamide (vitamin B3) as quasi-drugs. Objective: Because dexpanthenol lacks a UV chromophore, existing methodologies for analysis in finished products include pretreatments and/or HPLC-UV analysis at low wavelengths at which poor signal-to-noise is observed.These time-consuming methods lack the robustness needed for routine use in quality laboratories. This has resulted in the need for a simple, fast, accurate, and robust UHPLC-MS method to quantify dexpanthenol in hair care products that could be easily adapted in quality laboratories. Methods: The MS detection was performed in positive ionmode with data acquired in single-ion recordingfor dexpanthenol (206.14 m/z), dexpanthenol-d6 (212.29 m/z), and Leucine Enkephalin acetate salt (556.28 m/z). Quantitation was performed using peak area ratio of dexpanthenol to the internal standard. Results: The resulting linearcurve R2 was 0.9998 with sample precision RSDs &lt;2.5%. The accuracy recoveries were within 2% and the robustness results were within 3% of the nominal conditions. Conclusions: The resulting method for the quantitation of dexpanthenol is fast, accurate, and robust in the rangeof 170.24–1024.5 ng/mL in shampoo and conditioner, which is easily adaptable in quality laboratories. Highlights: This study determined optimal sample preparation and UHPLC-MS conditions to quantify dexpanthenol in finished hair care products.
Prekarisering og akademisk arbejde
Authors: Gleerup Janne , Nielsen Birger Steen , Olsén Peter , Warring Niels 
Published: October 2018

Prekarisering har indtil for nyligt overvejende været forbundet med betingelser for kortuddannede og i en europæisk kontekst primært lokaliseret til sydeuropæiske lande. Men analyser peger på, at prekarisering har bredt sig til nordeuropæiske lande og til mange sektorer og faggrupper, herunder akademikere. Der er imidlertid kun i begrænset omfang forsket i prekarisering og akademisk arbejde, ligesom der i mindre omfang er forsket i de subjektive konsekvenser af prekariseringen. Artiklen fremlægger resultater fra et forskningsprojekt med empirisk omdrejningspunkt i, hvordan prekarisering opleves og håndteres af akademikere, der lever med midlertidige og usikre ansættelsesforhold .
The osteopathic medicine game: New strategies for winning
Authors: Meyer Christopher T. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
The recruitment and retention of osteopathic medical students by osteopathic medical institutions is arguably the most important priority facing the profession today. Residencies accredited by the Accreditation Council on Graduate Medical Education are now the major competitors for osteopathic medical students; osteopathic residency graduates are readily accepted at most hospitals; and osteopathic medical faculty are regularly appointed to university and government positions. As a result, many osteopathic medical institutions are having difficulty in filling their training programs and recruiting faculty and medical staff physicians. These recruitment problems can be resolved by the development of graduate medical education (GME) programs that are competitive with their allopathic GME counterparts, but hospitals and colleges must do so by developing a new approach to osteopathic GME. Osteopathic GME must sell academic quality by developing a university-like environment in the hospitals conducting training programs. Osteopathic training hospitals should consider requiring their directors of medical education to develop strategic plans for GME which result in the development of competitive programs.
Clinical practice guidelines: A review
Authors: Hayes Oliver W. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
The development of clinical practice guidelines has spread from utilization review agencies to physician specialty societies, federal agencies, managed care organizations, and academic health centers as their usefulness in accomplishing the goals of healthcare reform become clear. The author reviews the mounting evidence that variation in the practice of medicine suggests that patients in some areas are not receiving all needed services, while others are receiving unnecessary services. He explores the implications of practice guidelines for improving the quality of care while controlling cost. Practice guidelines are defined and distinguished from medical review criteria. The author explores the challenges in governance, funding, and guideline development and communication that will have to be overcome to establish the credibility of practice guidelines. Finally, he addresses the opportunities for the osteopathic medical profession to establish its uniqueness in this setting.