bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Game-Theoretic Assessment of Anti-Discrimination Measures in Scientific Collaboration
Authors: Berz Cordelia 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Rubin, Hannah, and Cailin O’Connor (2018. “Discrimination and Collaboration in Science.” Philosophy of Science 85 (3): 380–402) introduced a game-theoretic model to examine the dynamics of collaboration and discrimination in academia. They found that small minority groups face higher rates of discrimination in collaboration, despite moral and legal demands for equality. This paper extends their work by assessing the effectiveness of anti-discrimination measures, focusing on German legal provisions for discrimination in the workplace: internal complaints boards and training and organisational measures as mandated by the General Equal Treatment Act. My results show that internal boards are effective in preventing discrimination in initially fair (i.e. non-discriminatory) environments, but fall short in already discriminatory environments. In contrast, training and organisational measures significantly reduce discriminatory behaviour, even where awareness is low. This highlights the importance of proactive anti-discrimination measures.
Exiting measures for random walks on infinite rooted trees
Authors: Takahashi Yuki 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We consider conformal iterated function systems (CIFS) that are induced by an infinite rooted tree

T

T

, which we call

T

T

-conformal iterated function systems (

T

T

-CIFS). We focus on the parameterized families of

T

T

-CIFS that satisfy the trasversality condition and give a dimension formula for the exiting measure for a.e. parameter. We also give a sufficient condition that the exiting measure is absolutely continuous for a.e. parameter.
Biological concentrations of DDT metabolites and breast cancer risk: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ugalde-Resano Rodrigo , Gamboa-Loira Brenda , Mérida-Ortega Ángel , Rincón-Rubio Alma , Flores-Collado Gisela , Piña-Pozas Maricela , López-Carrillo Lizbeth 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The question of whether dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) exposure is related to breast cancer (BC) remains unanswered, possibly due to methodological constraints in the studies that have been performed. We aimed to update and synthesize the available epidemiological evidence on the relationship of p,p′-DDT, o,p′-DDT and p,p′-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p,p′- DDE) biological concentrations with female BC, focusing in methodological characteristics not addressed in previous reviews. We conducted an overview of reviews and a systematic review and meta-analysis. We used six databases and one search engine to identify meta-analyses based on systematic reviews, pooled analyses, and individual studies published from January 2000 to December 2021. For the overview of reviews, we assessed meta-analyses’ risk of bias and carried out a narrative synthesis. For the meta-analysis, we estimated summary association measures with fixed or random effects models for each compound stratifying for characteristics of interest. We estimated a positive summary association between p,p′- DDT biological concentrations and BC in prospective studies (nested case control) with >10 years of follow-up (sOR=1.41; 95 %CI: 1.06–1.88). Among retrospective studies (hospital or population-based case-control), BC was positively related with p,p’-DDE biological concentrations (sOR=1.15; 95 %CI: 1.02–1.30), and with p,p’-DDT in women with mean serum concentrations>100 ng/g (sOR=1.33; 95 %CI: 1.25–1.41). Moreover, we detected a positive association between o,p′-DDT and BC (sOR=2.24; 95 %CI: 2.15–2.34). Our results support a positive relationship between DDT exposure and BC, and are useful to reinforce its worldwide prohibition, since this pesticide is still used in some countries, has long persistence in the human body and disseminates to other geographic areas.
COVID-19 and SMEs: An umbrella review of systematic literature (2020–2024) and future directions for entrepreneurship
Authors: Kádár Béla , Jáki Erika 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis special issue addresses the impact of COVID-19 on entrepreneurship. It builds on insights shared at the dedicated session – supported by the Hungarian Academy of Sciences' Post-COVID research grant (MTA PC-II-17/1/2022) – of the 2nd Danube Cup Conference in Belgrade in November 2023, featuring three papers presented there, along with four additional contributions. The goal of this issue is to advance scholarly understanding of post-COVID dynamics in entrepreneurship and share valuable findings with a broad academic audience. To provide a comprehensive overview of current research on this topic, we include an umbrella review examining the COVID-19 crisis' impact on small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) from 2020 to 2024. Drawing on 26 systematic literature reviews identified through Scopus, Google Scholar, and Elicit, this review captures key challenges, strategies, and emerging trends affecting SMEs. Major research themes identified include resilience, supply chain management, digitalization, crisis management, and the financial impact of COVID-19.
THE RESEARCHES IN THE FIELD OF HOP CULTURE IN ROMANIA
Authors: Muntean Leon Sorin 
Published: December 2024

The researches in the field of hop culture, until 1972 were sporadic and without a national co-ordination. From 1972, the research was organized in a national program, included in ICCPT Fundulea Plan and attributed to be realized at USAMV Cluj-Napoca, having in mind the influence area of the university, with ecological favorable conditions for hop culture situated in Transilvania), and the fact that research regarding this plant were initialized before at Cluj agronomy (Phytotechniques Chair). From 1993, the researches regarding hop cultures in our country have been taking place in the frame of "Hop and Medicinal Plants Crop Research Center" form USAMV Cluj-Napoca, created on the base of Senate Decision from 6.12.1993 (Decision of the Rector of USA of Cluj-Napoca, no. 84 from 24.03.1994), in the frame of PhytotehniqueÂ Chair - Faculty of Agriculture
INFLUENCE OF THE WAY AND PERIOD OF STUMP CUTTING ON PLANT SIZE AT CROP TIME ON HOPS
Authors: Cotârla Rareș , Salontai Alexandru 
Published: December 2024

The research results present the influence of the way and period of stump cutting on plant size at crop time in two ecological areas of hops culture. The hops plant size presents a great variability, depending on variety, climatic conditions and last, but not least the technological factors. The measurements were performed yearly and the results are presented by average values of the three experimental years in both areas.
AGASTACHE FOENICULUM (PURSH) KUNTZE - A NEW PLANT IN THE LANDSCAPE OF OUR COUNTRY
Authors: Duda Marcel Matei , Matei Cristina Firuta , Varban Dan Ioan 
Published: December 2024

Agastache foeniculumÂ LamiaceaeÂ ). This plant is native to much of north-central andÂ northern North America. Anise hyssop was used medicinally by Native Americans for cough,fevers, wounds, diarrhea. The soft, anise-scented leaves are used as a seasoning, as a tea, and inpotpourri. The purple flower spike is favored by bees who make a light fragrant honey from thenectar. They enjoy a sunny spot in well-drained soil. From summer to early autumn, they producepurplish-blue flowers that are a magnet for bees. This plant adds interest to borders and containerswhile attracting wildlife to the garden.(Pursh) Kuntze, common name Anise hyssop, is a species ofperennial plant in the mint family (Â
ACTIVE PRINCIPLES PRODUCTION OF SOME SORTS AND POPULATIONS OF MELISSA OFFICINALIS L.
Authors: MARIAN O. , MUNTEAN Leon Sorin 
Published: December 2024

In this paper we tried to determine the volatile oil and polifhenolic content of 11 populations (germania, germania o, germania 1, germania 2, germania 3, populaÈ›ia de cluj, timiÈ™oara, polonia, cehia, franÈ›a melissa 349) and 2 sorts of melissa officinalis l. species (lemona È™i citronella). cultivars and populations of melissa officinalis l. had a different content of volatile oil and poliphenolic compound. for 3 populations (populaÈ›ia de cluj, timiÈ™oara and citronella) there was also conducted a research regarding the quality of poliphenolic acid. the results indicate the presence of othe poliphenolic compounds such asÂ galic acid, protocatecuic acid, cafeic acid and p-cumaric acid, beside the rosmarinic acid in different proportions.
QUINCE PEEL EXTRACT ADDITION TO LIQUEUR FOR IMPROVING ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY AND PHENOLIC CONTENT
Authors: Mudura Elena , Coldea Teodora Emilia , Farcas Anca 
Published: December 2024

The present research aimed the valorisation of quince peel,Â which is a valuable by-product from fruit processing industries, in extraction ofÂ pigments for naturally colouring the quince liqueur. In order to obtain the finishedÂ product three objectives were established: valorisation of phenolic compoundsÂ from quince peel, assessing the influence of phenolic compounds on the finishedproduct, formulation and technology establishment for the quince liqueur Â enrichedÂ with peels flavonoidic extract. The distilled beverage was obtained by distillationÂ of natural fermented quince fruit. The process followed the conventionalÂ technology - double distillation of quince mash in copper alembic. Then the recipeÂ was optimized in order to adjust the liqueur to the right sugar content and itsÂ natural pale yellow colour using the peel extracted flavonoids. The chemicalÂ assessment consisted of both the analysis on the raw material, during processÂ technology, as well as on the final product. Common physicochemical methodsÂ were applied for the alcohol concentration, total acidity, sugar content, dry matter,Â pH and volatile component, as expressed in esters content. In addition, totalÂ phenolic and antioxidant activity were assessed by using Folin Ciocalteau method,Â and DPPH method, respectively.
GALIUM SPECIES - POLYPHENOLIC CONTENT AND THEIR ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL
Authors: HANGANU Daniela , BURTESCU Ramona Flavia , PETRESCU Sorina , PRIPON FURTUNA Flavia Roxana , CHIȘE Elisabeta , TURCUȘ Violeta , BENEDEC Daniela , ONIGA Ilioara , OLAH Neli Kinga 
Published: December 2024

The genus Galium is well represented in the spontaneous Romanian flora. Three Galium species are more commonly used in therapy, Galium aparine L. or cleavers, Galium odoratum (L.) Scop. or woodruff and Galium verum L. or lady’s bedstraw. Tinctures preparated from aerial part of these species was chemically analyzed and their antioxidant activity was evaluated. The total phenylpropane derivatives and total flavonoids contents were determined by spectrophotometrically methods. The antioxidant capacity was evaluated in vitro by FRAP, CUPRAC and xanthine oxidase inhibition methods. The results showed that the tinctures were rich in polyphenols and had a strong antioxidant capacity, which is confirmed by all used methods. A good correlation between the antioxidant capacity and the content of polyphenols could be highlighted.
EFFECT OF PRESERVATION METHODS ON THE BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS OF THYMUS VULGARIS
Authors: POP Carmen C. , RUSU Bogdan , ROTAR Ancuţa M. , SALANȚĂ Liana , NISTOR Alina L. , CHIȘ Maria Simona , COLDEA Teodora 
Published: December 2024

Thyme (T. is used mainly as a food seasoning, as a source of essential oils with applications in the food sector, but also as a worming and bactericidal agent in medicine . In this study, it was investigated the effect of different preservation methods on the quantitative and qualitative parameters of the bioactive compounds from T. vulgaris The antioxidant properties and total phenols were examined using the stable 2,2 diphenyl 1 picrylhydrazyl hydrate (DPPH) free radical scavenging method and Folin Ci ocalteu method during the storage process.The samples were subjected to screening for their possible antibacterial activities against some human pathogenic bacteria. Results demonstrated that thyme methanol extract possessed the highest antioxidant activi ty, when the plants were dried at room temperature in dark conditions. This storage method could be advisable either for medicinal or food industry usage. The study concluded that the optimal preserving method for thyme is drying at room temperature in lac k of light. After a 5 months storage period, the investigated bioactive compounds were found in high concentrations.
Methods for Obtaining and Analysing Extracts of Sambucus nigra
Authors: NAGY Imola-Noémi , PUGNA Andreea-Adelina , BIRIȘ-DORHOI Elena Suzana , HODIȘAN Bogdan Florin , TOFANĂ Maria 
Published: December 2024

The elderberry (Sambucus nigra L.) is known for its high anthocyanin content and strong antioxidant activity, which is why multiple extraction methods are being analysed to choose the most favourable method considering both economic and environmental aspects for extracting the analysed plant matrix. The extract obtained must exhibit a certain stability to be included in various food products as a colorant without losing its beneficial properties on the product. This work aims to select the most suitable extraction methods for the analysed plant matrix to achieve the most beneficial results.
Textbook of Hospital and Clinical Pharmacy for the Students of D.Pharm 2nd Year
Authors: Gupta Editor: Prince 
Published: December 2024

Welcome to the study of Hospital and Clinical Pharmacy, a crucial field for students pursuing a Diploma in Pharmacy (D.Pharm). This book has been meticulously crafted to serve as a comprehensive guide, offering in-depth knowledge and practical insights into the dynamic and essential aspects of hospital and clinical pharmacy.
The role of pharmacists in healthcare is ever-evolving, expanding beyond the traditional boundaries of dispensing medications to becoming integral members of the healthcare team. This book aims to equip students with the foundational knowledge and skills necessary to excel in various settings, including hospitals, clinics, and community pharmacies.

Objectives
The primary objectives of this book are to:

Provide Core Knowledge: Offer a thorough understanding of the principles and practices of hospital and clinical pharmacy, including drug therapy management, patient care, and medication safety.
Enhance Practical Skills: Develop practical skills through case studies, real-world examples, and hands-on exercises, enabling students to apply theoretical knowledge in clinical settings.
Promote Professionalism: Foster a sense of professionalism and ethical responsibility, emphasizing the importance of effective communication, patient counselling, and inter professional collaboration.
Encourage Critical Thinking: Stimulate critical thinking and problem solving abilities, preparing students to navigate the complexities and challenges of modern healthcare.
Assessing the impact of antenatal care utilization on low birth weight: A hospital-based case-control study
Authors: Mishra Akash , Singh Neelima Alka , Khan Asim , Sharma Arvind Kumar , Vohra Rajaat , Gahlot Niti 
Published: December 2024

Low birth weight (LBW) being important determinant of child survival and development, is a preventable public health problem. The antenatal care (ANC) as an instrument that can reduce LBW, especially, in developing world with unexpectedly high level. Present study evaluated the effect of utilization of ANC services on LBW. A hospital-based case-control study carried after the ethical approval at university hospital, Varanasi, India during October, 2019 to September, 2021 on mothers delivering singleton baby. The case and control mothers decided 86 and 129 in the ratio of 2:3 at a =5% and (1-b) = 90%. Data was collected on a pre-designed and pre-tested questionnaire. Bivariate and multivariable forward logistic regression was performed. The statistical significance was judged at a = 0.05.Utilization of ANC services, milk intake, tea and snacks intake and gestational age at birth emerged as the significant contributor to LBW.Likelihood of LBW babies was 2.83 times higher to mothers who hadn’t avail ANC services compared to those who had availed complete ANC services. Likelihood of LBW was also 3.73 and 3.16 times higher in mothers who hadn’t taken milk and had taken but occasionally compared to regular users. Mothers with tea and snacks frequency once or twice were 3.18 times more likely to birthing LBW babies than the mothers with frequency more than twice. The likelihood of LBW birth was as high as 7.61 times in pre-term birth as compared to full-term. Complete ANC services be ensured through the gross root health workers. Milk and tea & snacks intake if not possible in mothers of poverty pockets, these be advised to add one extra meal in their routine meal.
Strategies to Improve Emergency Nurses' Response Time Through Training Programs
Authors: Sari Firdaus Indah , Purwaningsih Purwaningsih , Qur’aniati Nuzul 
Published: December 2024

Background: Emergency units rely on nurses' rapid response times to manage critical situations effectively. Overcrowding and inadequate triage skills often compromise patient outcomes. Gap: Limited evidence exists on the most effective interventions to improve emergency nurses' response times. Aim: This systematic review evaluates evidence-based interventions for enhancing response times in emergency nurses. Results: From 15 studies, effective interventions include simulation-based education, triage training (e.g., Emergency Severity Index, Swiss Triage System), virtual simulations, and hands-on basic life support (BLS) training. BLS and triage training most significantly improve response times by prioritizing patient severity and enhancing emergency handling. Novelty: This review integrates global evidence, highlighting the combined impact of simulation-based and triage training programs. Implications: Healthcare systems should adopt tailored interventions, such as BLS simulations and triage training, to optimize emergency department efficiency and patient outcomes.
Highlights:

Critical Interventions: Simulation-based education and BLS training are the most effective in enhancing nurses' emergency response times.
Global Evidence: Findings from 15 studies highlight diverse strategies, including virtual simulations and triage systems, for improving efficiency.
Practical Implications: Tailored interventions like BLS and triage training directly improve patient outcomes and emergency department performance.

Keywords: Nursing, Improve, Response Time, Emergency Rooms
Pengaruh Sujud Sumarah Dalam Meningkatkan Kesalehan Sosial Masyarakat Paguyuban Sumarah di Desa Somoroto, Kauman, Ponorogo
Authors: Al-Mufakhir Adib 
Published: December 2024

Sumarah prostration is a sacred ritual in the sumarah community which is often considered to be occult, namely a mystical activity that involves the help of a shaman or ancestral spirits. Especially among the majority of society who believe in heavenly religions, it is difficult to justify it. Sometimes this phenomenon becomes a big topic of discussion and a big question among communities adhering to the divine religion in particular, so that the question arises as to why the prostration of sumarah is done and what the benefits and purpose of doing the prostration of sumarah are. This research focuses on fundamental questions regarding the influence of prostration sumarah itself on its adherents. The aim of this research is to understand and examine the influence of the sumarah prostration ritual so that it is considered to have an impact on the social life of the perpetrators. Descriptive analysis methods were carried out to explore research on this view, using interview techniques and participant observation. In the results found, there are two prominent effects, first, in terms of taste, the impact of prostration sumarah is improving character, being able to control attitudes that can harm other people, gaining calm and peace of mind. Second, in terms of outlook and mindset, prostration sumarah makes its adherents only judge someone based on their morals without looking at other worldly advantages.
Research on the public perception difference and influence path of traditional village green spatial landscape
Authors: FEI XINHUI , WU YUANJING , wang minhua , Dong Jianwen 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Taking the traditional village green spatial landscape as an example, we compared the subjects' perceptual differences on the landscape environment under the interaction of two-dimensional plane display, VR 3 D display and five landscape performance media (real scene, photos, video, two-dimensional panorama and three-dimensional panorama) through experimental research. Based on the advantages, disadvantages and feasibility of landscape perception and evaluation research under the combination of different experience media and landscape expression media, we proposed selectable optimal research paradigms. The study results show that: Different types of media combinations influence the evaluation of the landscape by influencing the subjects' perception of the landscape, the degree of landscape perception plays a highly significant mediation effect in this pathway. In the case of unlimited experimental conditions, the three-dimensional experience media with the 720 panoramic performance media are considered as the optimal combination from the perspective of improving the similarity of results between the laboratory and the real scene environment.
Comparison of Transcriptional Activation by Corticosteroids of Human MR (Ile-180) and Human MR Haplotype (Ile180Val)
Authors: Katsu Yoshinao , Zhang Jiawen , Ao Ya , Baker Michael E. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

While the classical function of human mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) is to regulate sodium and potassium homeostasis through aldosterone activation of the kidney MR, the MR also is highly expressed in the brain, where the MR is activated by cortisol in response to stress. Here, we report the half-maximal response (EC50) and fold-activation by cortisol, aldosterone and other corticosteroids of human MR rs5522, a haplotype containing valine at codon 180 instead of isoleucine found in the wild-type MR (Ile-180). MR rs5522 (Val-180) has been studied for its actions in the human brain involving coping with stress and depression. We compared the EC50 and fold-activation by corticosteroids of MR rs5522 and wild-type MR transfected into HEK293 cells with either the TAT3 promoter or the MMTV promoter. Parallel studies investigated the binding of MR antagonists, spironolactone and progesterone, to MR rs5522. In HEK293 cells with the MMTV promotor, MR rs5522 had a slightly higher EC50 compared to wild-type MR and a similar level of fold-activation for all corticosteroids. In contrast, in HEK293 cells with the TAT3 promoter, MR 5522 had a higher EC50 (lower affinity) and higher fold-activation for cortisol compared to wild-type MR (Ile-180), while compared to wild-type MR, the EC50s of MR rs5522 for aldosterone and corticosterone were slightly lower and fold-activation was higher. Spironolactone and progesterone had similar antagonist activity for MR rs5522 and MR (Ile-180) in the presence of MMTV and TAT3 promoters in HEK293 cells.