bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Medial epithelial seam cell migration during palatal fusion
Authors: Logan Shaun M. , Benson M. Douglas 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe mammalian secondary palate forms from two shelves of mesenchyme sheathed in a single‐layered epithelium. These shelves meet during embryogenesis to form the midline epithelial seam (MES). Failure of MES degradation prevents mesenchymal confluence and results in a cleft palate. Previous studies indicated that MES cells undergo features of epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) and may become migratory as part of the fusion mechanism. To detect MES cell movement over the course of fusion, we imaged the midline of fusing embryonic ephrin‐B2/GFP mouse palates in real time using two‐photon microscopy. These mice express an ephrin‐B2‐driven green fluorescent protein (GFP) that labels the palatal epithelium nuclei and persists in those cells through the time window necessary for fusion. We observed collective migration of MES cells toward the oral surface of the palatal shelf over 48 hr of imaging, and we confirmed histologically that the imaged palates had fused by the end of the imaged period. We previously reported that ephrin reverse signaling in the MES is required for palatal fusion. We therefore added recombinant EphA4/Fc protein to block this signaling in imaged palates. The blockage inhibited fusion, as expected, but did not change the observed migration of GFP‐labeled cells. Thus, we uncoupled migration and fusion. Our data reveal that palatal MES cells undergo a collective, unidirectional movement during palatal fusion and that ephrin reverse signaling, though required for fusion, controls aspects of the fusion mechanism independent of migration.
Dopamine β hydroxylase (DBH) polymorphisms do not contribute towards the clinical course of Wilson's disease in Indian patients
Authors: Roy Shubhrajit , Ghosh Sampurna , Bhattacharya Sreyashi , Saha Arpan , Das Shyamal Kumar , Gangopadhyay Prasanta Kumar , Bavdekar Ashish , Ray Kunal , Sengupta Mainak , Ray Jharna 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundWilson's disease (WD) is a rare copper metabolism disorder with hepatic and neurological symptoms. Dopamine β hydroxylase (DBH) encodes a copper‐dependent mono‐oxygenase that converts dopamine to norepinephrine, thereby regulating the endogenous dopamine content in the neurons. Polymorphisms of DBH have been reported to be associated with several neurological diseases, such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia and attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder, which have overlapping neurological symptoms with WD. The present study aimed to assess the role of DBH polymorphisms on the clinical course of WD.MethodsIn total, 141 WD patients from India were included in the present study. Three polymorphisms of DBH (rs1611115 in the promoter, rs1108580 in exon 2 and rs129882 in 3'‐UTR) were screened for their association with the clinical attributes (hepatic and neurological features) and age of onset of WD using a polymerase chain reaction‐restriction fragment length polymorphsm method and sequencing approach. The distribution of genotype or allele frequencies was tested using 2 × 2 contingency chi‐squared and logistic regression analysis (additive, dominant and recessive model).ResultsThe genotypic and allelic frequencies of these single nucleotide polymophisms did not vary significantly along with the clinical symptoms (hepatic and neurological) or the age of onset of WD. No significant association was observed when we analyzed our samples with respect to harboring different kinds of ATP7B mutations (nonsense/in‐del and missense).ConclusionsThe data obtained in the present study suggest that the selected DBH variants are unlikely to have any significant contribution towards modifying the clinical symptoms of Indian WD patients.
Plasmacytoid dendritic cell depletion modifies FoxP3+ T cell homeostasis and the clinical course of bacterial pneumonia in mice
Authors: Lippitsch Anne , Baal Nelli , Chukovetskyi Yuri , Cunningham Sarah , Michel Gabriela , Dietert Kristina , Gurtner Corinne , Gruber Achim D , Bein Gregor , Hackstein Holger 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPlasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) are critical to antiviral defense because of their high production of type I IFNs; less is known regarding their functions in bacterial infection. Moreover, pDC are involved in immunomodulation. A stable pool of regulatory T cells (Treg) is crucial for maintaining immune homeostasis. However, interactions between pDC and Treg regarding the regulation of Treg homeostasis are understudied. By using BDCA2-DTR mice as a systemic pDC depletion model, we identified increased steady-state numbers of FoxP3+ T cells with an effector Treg-like phenotype in lungs, liver, and spleen tissues. During sublethal, pulmonary Klebsiella pneumoniae infection, pDC deficiency also elevated respiratory FoxP3+ T cell numbers. Additionally, the improvement in acute pneumonia survival until day 5 post infection was accompanied by impaired proinflammatory cytokine production. In contrast, pDC-depleted mice exhibited a delayed clinical recovery during the post-acute phase. Therefore, we assume that pDC act as immunomodulators supporting the rapid onset of immune response in a proinflammatory manner and regulate inflammation or tissue regeneration in the post-acute phase. In summary, pDC assist in FoxP3+ T cell homeostasis and the regulation of Klebsiella-pneumonia progression.
Social innovation matters: The adoption of participatory guarantee systems within Italian alternative agri‐food networks
Authors: Sacchi Giovanna 
Published: July 2019

AbstractParticipatory guarantee systems are locally based practices for assuring organic product authenticity that are proving to be a valuable tool for farmers' empowerment and social innovation. Recent years have witnessed a growing interest in locally based certification and distribution strategies of organic products. Participatory guarantee systems (PGS) simplify bureaucratic procedures for small organic producers, who are often overwhelmed by the extensive documentation required by third‐party certification. PGS development has facilitated several social processes, thus enabling social inclusion, farmers' empowerment, and mutual support.
A study on sustainable growth rate for firm survival
Authors: Mamilla Rajesh 
Published: July 2019

AbstractUnderstanding where a company is in its life cycle is important. The sustainable growth rate (SGR) is an indicator of what stage a company is in, in its life cycle. The position often determines corporate finance objectives such as what sources of financing to use, dividend pay‐out policies, or overall competitive strategy. The purpose of this study is to analyze the actual growth rate as well as SGR and investigate the overall effect of selected independent variables on SGR.
Construct Validity of the Professional Quality of Life (ProQoL) Scale in a Sample of Child Protection Workers
Authors: Geoffrion Steve , Lamothe Josianne , Morizot Julien , Giguère Charles‐Édouard 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe Professional Quality of Life (ProQOL) scale is one of the most widely used measures of compassion satisfaction and fatigue despite there being little publicly available evidence to support its validity. This study, conducted among a sample of 310 child protection workers, assessed the construct validity of this measure using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and bifactor modeling. The CFA failed to confirm the adequacy of the three‐factor structure proposed by Stamm (2010). In response, a bifactor model postulating a factor structure with a general factor in addition to independent factors (compassion satisfaction, job burnout, and secondary traumatic stress) was proposed, highlighting the unidimensionality of the ProQOL while allowing for each subscale to be used separately. Moreover, this bifactor model of the ProQOL was moderately correlated with the Posttraumatic Disorder Checklist, r = −.427, p < .001, and strongly correlated with scales of well‐being at work, r = .694, p < .001, and psychological distress at work, r = −.666, p < .001, thus supporting the ProQOL's convergent validity. No associations were found between the ProQOL and the Life Event Checklist, which supports the ProQOL's discriminant validity. Overall, the results indicated that compassion satisfaction and compassion fatigue represent higher and lower levels of the same construct rather than two different constructs. Researchers and clinicians could therefore compute a single score to rate professionals’ individual levels of professional quality of life.
Upregulation of MGP by HOXC8 promotes the proliferation, migration, and EMT processes of triple‐negative breast cancer
Authors: Gong Chen , Zou Jin , Zhang Mingsheng , Zhang Jie , Xu Shanshan , Zhu Siqi , Yang Mengqi , Li Dongjia , Wang Yun , Shi Jialu , Li Yong 
Published: July 2019

AbstractTriple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive breast cancer subtype which accounts for 15%‐20% of all breast cancer cases. The management of TNBC has remained a challenge due to its lack of targeted therapy. Previously, we reported that homeobox C8 (HOXC8) was involved in metastasis and migration of breast cancer cells. By chromatin immunoprecipitation and luciferase assays, we found that HOXC8 functioned as a transcription factor to activate the transcription of matrix Gla protein (MGP) gene, leading to an increase in the proliferation, anchorage‐independent growth, and migration of TNBC cells. We further demonstrated that MGP expression promoted the epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) process of TNBC cells, but not the other subtypes of breast cancer, suggesting that MGP induced EMT to promote proliferation and migration of TNBC cells. Moreover, we found that MGP was upregulated in clinical breast specimens compared to normal breast tissues and high MGP expression was statistically associated with poor, relapse‐free survival for TNBC patients, indicating that MGP is probably a novel biomarker or therapeutic target for TNBC patients. Together, our results showed that the HOXC8‐MGP axis played an important role in the tumorigenesis of TNBC and might be a promising therapeutic target for TNBC treatment.
Prioritizing investments in new vaccines against epidemic infectious diseases: A multi‐criteria decision analysis
Authors: Gouglas Dimitrios , Marsh Kevin 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundIn 2016, the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI) launched a call for proposals (CfP) for vaccine development against Lassa, MERS, and Nipah. CEPI is faced with complex decisions that involve confronting trade‐offs between multiple objectives, diverse stakeholder perspectives, and uncertainty in vaccine performance.ObjectiveThis study reports on a multi‐criteria decision analysis (MCDA) and its testing on CEPI decisions.MethodsConsultations with CEPI's Scientific Advisory Committee (SAC) and document reviews helped identify and structure the criteria against which to evaluate proposals. Forty four subject‐matter experts assessed performance of 18 proposals on multiple criteria. SAC preferences were elicited via a survey employing an adapted swing‐weighting technique and were incorporated into measures of value and cost‐to‐value. A Monte Carlo simulation estimated overall value and ranking probabilities by value and by cost‐to‐value for each proposal.ResultsReviewer assessments and SAC preferences varied significantly. Despite this uncertainty, 14 preferred proposals emerged from the analysis and SAC recommendations on the basis of value and cost‐to‐value. In some cases, SAC recommendations deviated from the analysis because of: less emphasis on cost‐to‐value if budgets seemed underestimated by applicants, more emphasis on the likelihood of generating vaccines for target pathogens versus platform potential against unknown pathogens, and emphasis on funding a diversity of platforms per pathogen.ConclusionsDespite vaccine performance uncertainty and stakeholder preference heterogeneity, MCDA distinguished between options in a way that broadly corresponded to decisions. Divergence between the MCDA and the SAC point to potential updates needed to the model such as platform diversity trade‐offs.
A compact duplex filtering antenna using a T‐shape probe‐fed patch and hairpin resonators
Authors: Yuan Jia‐Cheng , Xie Ze‐Ming 
Published: July 2019

AbstractA compact duplex filtering antenna using a T‐shape probe‐fed patch and hairpin resonators is proposed. First, the T‐shape probe‐fed patch is designed as a dual‐band radiation element by connecting a microstrip line to the patch. Then the dual‐band radiation element is coupled to two bandpass filters based on half‐wavelength hairpin resonators directly to construct the duplex filtering antenna. The two modes of the dual‐band radiation element function as last stage resonators, improving the selectivity of both the transmitting band and the receiving band, increasing the bandwidths, and enhancing the isolation. A prototype antenna is fabricated and measured. The measured results agree well with the simulated results.
Association of diabetic retinopathy stage with the severity of female urinary incontinence
Authors: Cankurtaran Veysel , Ozates Serdar , Ozler Serkan , Dirican Emre 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPurposeTo assess the relation between diabetic retinopathy (DR) severity and urinary incontinence (UI) in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM).Materials and methodsThis prospective and observational study included 153 subjects. Patients were divided into three subgroups, according to severity of DR, as: No‐DR, nonproliferative DR (NPDR), and proliferative DR (PDR); 40 age‐matched healthy subjects formed the control group. Turkish version of the Urogenital Stress Inventory 6 (UDI‐6) and Incontinence Impact Questionnaire (IIQ‐7) were used to assess the UI symptoms and their effect on quality of life. The UDI‐6 and IIQ‐7 scores were the primary outcomes of the study.ResultsNo significant difference was observed between groups regarding age, maternal parity, body mass index, type of delivery, menopausal status, and smoking. The mean UDI‐6 urgency UI questions score was significantly higher in the PDR group and significantly higher in the NPDR group than in the control group. The mean UDI‐6 stress UI questions score was similar between groups. The mean UDI‐6 voiding difficulty questions score was significantly higher in the PDR group and no significant difference was observed between other groups. The mean IIQ‐7 score was significantly lower in the PDR group. A moderate and positive correlation was found between glycated hemoglobin level and the UDI‐6 urgency UI and voiding difficulty questions and total scores. A weak and positive correlation was found between the duration of DM and the all UDI‐6 scores.ConclusionThe present study showed that UI symptoms and their effect on QOL were more severe in patients with PDR.
The method of fundamental solutions for the Oseen steady‐state viscous flow past obstacles of known or unknown shapes
Authors: Karageorghis Andreas , Lesnic Daniel 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn this paper, the steady‐state Oseen viscous flow equations past a known or unknown obstacle are solved numerically using the method of fundamental solutions (MFS), which is free of meshes, singularities, and numerical integrations. The direct problem is linear and well‐posed, whereas the inverse problem is nonlinear and ill‐posed. For the direct problem, the MFS computations of the fluid flow characteristics (velocity, pressure, drag, and lift coefficients) are in very good agreement with the previously published results obtained using other methods for the Oseen flow past circular and elliptic cylinders, as well as past two circular cylinders. In the inverse obstacle problem the boundary data and the internal measurement of the fluid velocity are minimized using the MATLAB© optimization toolbox lsqnonlin routine. Regularization was found necessary in the case the measured data are contaminated with noise. Numerical results show accurate and stable reconstructions of various star‐shaped obstacles of circular, bean, or peanut cross‐section.
The Significance of Overvaluation of Shape or Weight in Binge‐Eating Disorder: Results from a National Sample of U.S. Adults
Authors: Coffino Jaime A. , Udo Tomoko , Grilo Carlos M. 
Published: July 2019

ObjectiveThis study aimed to examine the prevalence of overvaluation of shape or weight in a nationally representative sample of U.S. adults with binge‐eating disorder (BED) and to compare functioning correlates using a group of adults with bulimia nervosa (BN).MethodsParticipants included 207 respondents from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions who met Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fifth Edition) diagnoses of BED (n = 163) or BN (n = 44). Sociodemographic characteristics and functioning were compared in BED with overvaluation (BED+OV), BED without overvaluation (BED), and BN.ResultsApproximately 50% of BED respondents reported overvaluation. Mean age was lower in BN than BED. Mean BMI was lower in BED+OV than BED and higher than BN. A greater proportion of BED+OV reported functional impairment than BED. BN was more likely to report “serious problems doing daily tasks” than BED and less likely to report “impairment in normal activities” than BED+OV. BN reported significantly lower mental functioning than BED.ConclusionsFindings based on this nationally representative sample are that overvaluation was associated with greater functional impairment within BED, and BED+OV reported greater impairment than BN in interference with normal activities but less impairment related to mental health. The increased impairment associated with BED+OV provides support for overvaluation as a diagnostic specifier for BED.
Electron Transfer and Electron Excitation Processes in 2,5‐Diaminoterephthalate Derivatives with Broad Scope for Functionalization
Authors: Markovic Aleksandra , Buschbeck Leon , Klüner Thorsten , Christoffers Jens , Wittstock Gunther 
Published: July 2019

AbstractDerivatives of 2,5‐diaminoterephthalate (DAT) are efficient fluorescence dyes that are also redox‐active, thus allowing for the electrochemical manipulation of spectral properties. The electrochemical behaviour of seven DAT derivatives was studied by cyclic voltammetry in dichloromethane. In the absence of a proton donor, DATs should be oxidized in two one‐electron steps. The first step is usually quasi‐reversible while the second step is either quasi‐reversible or irreversible. Some electrochemical properties such as the formal potentials and the ratio between the anodic and the cathodic current were determined from the cyclic voltammograms. Correlation between the formal potential of first oxidation and the absorption or the fluorescence emission wavelengths are established for this specific type of dyes. These correlations were confirmed with density functional theory calculations.
Special Collection: Computational Chemistry
Authors: Solà Miquel , De Proft Frank , Bickelhaupt F. Matthias 
Published: July 2019

AbstractChemists know well the value of an experimental or a theoretical result, but what is the value of a computational result? Simulation is neither theory nor experience, nor a mere calculation tool, but a genuine way of approaching reality that is transforming the scientific method. In some cases, it offers explanations to observations or experiments that seem incomprehensible because they are too complex. In this case, the computation serves as a relief. An experiment that converges with a certain computation has more scientific value than an experiment that does not converge with anything at all. In other cases, contribution of computational chemistry is essential because there is no experimental manner to determine what happens during a chemical process; for instance, in the path from reactants to products in (fast) reactions. Now, computational chemistry provides additional information that is not possible to obtain from experiments, so it is a valuable complement to them. Indeed, fruitful synergy between computation and experiment has led to the approach of theory‐driven experimentation. Finally, computational chemistry helps to legitimize models or theories that have little opportunity to be contrasted with reality. In this situation, computational chemistry is not experience, but it does substitute it in relation to theory. In the present special collection, we have examples of the different ways computational chemistry helps chemists to interpret the electronic and molecular structure of molecules and their reactivity.
Factors Associated With the Ultrasound Characteristics of the Lumbar Multifidus: A Systematic Review
Authors: Rummens Sofie , Robben Elise , De Groef An , Van Wambeke Peter , Janssens Lotte , Brumagne Simon , Desloovere Kaat , Peers Koen 
Published: July 2019

ObjectiveThe first aim of this review was to investigate the association between age, sex, height, weight, physical activity level, posture, lumbar level and body side, and structural characteristics (cross‐sectional area [CSA], thickness, linear dimensions, and echo intensity) of the lumbar multifidus (LM) measured by ultrasound. Second, differences between healthy individuals and patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP) were investigated.TypeSystematic review.Literature SurveyPubMed, Embase and Web of Science were searched until September 2018.MethodologyStudies were included if (a) full text was available in English, Dutch, or French; (b) participants were older than 18 years of age and were asymptomatic or had nonspecific CLBP; and (c) the relation between structural characteristics of the LM, measured by ultrasound, and at least one of the above‐mentioned factors was described, and/or a comparison between a CLBP and control group was made. Data were extracted independently by two reviewers. Quality of studies was assessed using an adapted version of the Downs and Black checklist.SynthesisTwenty‐seven studies were included. Thickness and CSA of the LM do not correlate with age. Males have a larger LM size than females. Thickness and CSA of left and right LM are highly correlated in healthy subjects. More significant side‐to‐side differences are present in subjects with CLBP than in those without. Muscle size increases from proximal to caudal lumbar levels. The presence of CLBP is associated with muscle size and function.ConclusionsThe association between the factors age, sex, height, weight, physical activity level, posture, lumbar level, body side, and presence of CLBP, and the ultrasound characteristics of the LM is discussed. These factors should be taken into account in future research on structural muscle characteristics, or when correlating with functional behavior or investigating the effect of a targeted intervention.Level of EvidenceI.