bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Motherese, affect, and vocabulary development: dyadic communicative interactions in infants and toddlers
Authors: DAVE Shruti , MASTERGEORGE Ann M. , OLSWANG Lesley B. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractResponsive parental communication during an infant's first year has been positively associated with later language outcomes. This study explores responsivity in mother–infant communication by modeling how change in guiding language between 7 and 11 months influences toddler vocabulary development. In a group of 32 mother–child dyads, change in early maternal guiding language positively predicted child language outcomes measured at 18 and 24 months. In contrast, a number of other linguistic variables – including total utterances and non-guiding language – did not correlate with toddler vocabulary development, suggesting a critical role of responsive change in infant-directed communication. We further assessed whether maternal affect during early communication influenced toddler vocabulary outcomes, finding that dominant affect during early mother–infant communications correlated to lower child language outcomes. These findings provide evidence that responsive parenting should not only be assessed longitudinally, but unique contributions of language and affect should also be concurrently considered in future study.
Hypoalbuminaemia as a marker of trans-capillary leakage in community-acquired bacteraemia patients
Authors: Gradel K. O. , Vinholt P. J. , Magnussen B. , Pedersen C. , Jensen T. G. , Kolmos H. J. , Lassen A. T. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractCommunity-acquired bacteraemia patients (n = 2472), Denmark, 2000–2008. Albumin, C-reactive protein (CRP) and haemoglobin (Hb) measured 2000–2010. We assessed daily mean levels of albumin, CRP and Hb from 30 days before to 30 days after bacteraemia and correlations between albumin vs. CRP and albumin vs. Hb. In linear regression models, we evaluated the contribution of CRP, Hb, chronic and acute variables to the albumin level variations. The mean albumin level (33.6 g/l) was steady before day 1, declined to 29.3 g/l on day 1 with little increase afterward. The mean CRP increased from day −5, peaked on day 1 and declined thereafter. The mean Hb level was fairly constant during days −30/30. Albumin was inversely (R range, − 0.18/–0.47, P < 10−4) correlated with the CRP level and positively (R = 0.17–0.46, P < 10−4) correlated with the HB level. In most models, CRP was the first variable that contributed to the albumin variations, 34–70% of the full model. The sudden decrease of albumin levels, without sudden fluctuations of CRP or Hb, indicated that hypoalbuminaemia was a marker of trans-capillary leakage.
Usefulness and safety of anakinra in refractory Kawasaki disease complicated by coronary artery aneurysm
Authors: Guillaume Marie-Paule , Reumaux Héloïse , Dubos François 
Published: February 2018

AbstractKawasaki disease is an acute self-limited vasculitis of unknown aetiology. The prognosis depends mainly on coronary damage. There is no consensus regarding optimal adjunctive therapeutics for refractory forms to treatment by intravenous immunoglobulins and corticosteroids. We report the case of an 18-month-old infant with refractory Kawasaki disease complicated by diffuse aneurysms of coronary arteries and successfully treated by anakinra with partial regression of coronary aneurysms
Characterization of Interventional Studies of the Cholera Epidemic in Haiti
Authors: Miller Jessica , Birnbaum Marvin L. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractIn October 2010, the Haitian Ministry of Public Health and Population (MSPP; Port au Prince, Haiti) reported a cholera epidemic caused by contamination of the Artibonite River by a United Nation Stabilization Mission camp. Interventional studies of the subsequent responses, including a descriptive Methods section and systematic approach, may be useful in facilitating comparisons and applying lessons learned to future outbreaks. The purpose of this study was to examine publicly available documents relating to the 2010 cholera outbreak to answer: (1) What information is publicly available on interventional studies conducted during the epidemic, and what was/were the impact(s)? and (2) Can the interventions be compared, and what lessons can be learned from their comparison?A PubMed (National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, Maryland USA) search was conducted using the parameters “Haiti” and “cholera.” Studies were categorized as “interventional research,” “epidemiological research,” or “other.” A distinction was made between studies and narrative reports. The PubMed search yielded 171 papers, 59 (34.0%) of which were epidemiological and 12 (7.0%) were interventional studies. The remaining 100 papers (59.0%) comprised largely of narrative, anecdotal descriptions. An expanded examination of publications by the World Health Organization (WHO; Geneva, Switzerland), the Center for Research in the Epidemiology of Disasters (CRED; Brussels, Belgium), United States Agency for International Development (USAID; Washington, DC USA)-Development Experience Clearinghouse (DEC), and US National Library of Medicine’s (NLM; Bethesda, Maryland USA) Disaster Literature databases yielded no additional interventional studies. The unstructured formats and differing levels of detail prohibited comparisons between interventions, even between those with a similar approach. Only two (17.0%) interventional studies included any impact data, although neither commented whether the intervention improved health or reduced incidence or mortality related to cholera. Agreed frameworks for guiding responses and subsequent reporting are needed to ensure reports contain sufficient detail to draw conclusions for the definition of best practices and for the design of future interventions.MillerJ, BirnbaumML. Characterization of interventional studies of the cholera epidemic in Haiti. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2018;33(2):176–181.
Stop the Bleed: The Effect of Hemorrhage Control Education on Laypersons’ Willingness to Respond During a Traumatic Medical Emergency
Authors: Ross Elliot M. , Redman Theodore T. , Mapp Julian G. , Brown Derek J. , Tanaka Kaori , Cooley Craig W. , Kharod Chetan U. , Wampler David A. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe “Stop the Bleed” campaign advocates for non-medical personnel to be trained in basic hemorrhage control. However, it is not clear what type of education or the duration of instruction needed to meet that requirement. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of a brief hemorrhage control educational curriculum on the willingness of laypersons to respond during a traumatic emergency.MethodsThis “Stop the Bleed” education initiative was conducted by the University of Texas Health San Antonio Office of the Medical Director (San Antonio, Texas USA) between September 2016 and March 2017. Individuals with formal medical certification were excluded from this analysis. Trainers used a pre-event questionnaire to assess participants knowledge and attitudes about tourniquets and responding to traumatic emergencies. Each training course included an individual evaluation of tourniquet placement, 20 minutes of didactic instruction on hemorrhage control techniques, and hands-on instruction with tourniquet application on both adult and child mannequins. The primary outcome in this study was the willingness to use a tourniquet in response to a traumatic medical emergency.ResultsOf 236 participants, 218 met the eligibility criteria. When initially asked if they would use a tourniquet in real life, 64.2% (140/218) responded “Yes.” Following training, 95.6% (194/203) of participants responded that they would use a tourniquet in real life. When participants were asked about their comfort level with using a tourniquet in real life, there was a statistically significant improvement between their initial response and their response post training (2.5 versus 4.0, based on 5-point Likert scale; P<.001).ConclusionIn this hemorrhage control education study, it was found that a short educational intervention can improve laypersons’ self-efficacy and reported willingness to use a tourniquet in an emergency. Identified barriers to act should be addressed when designing future hemorrhage control public health education campaigns. Community education should continue to be a priority of the “Stop the Bleed” campaign.RossEM, RedmanTT, MappJG, BrownDJ, TanakaK, CooleyCW, KharodCU, WamplerDA. Stop the bleed: the effect of hemorrhage control education on laypersons’ willingness to respond during a traumatic medical emergency. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2018;33(2):127–132.
Emergency Medical Service (EMS) Utilization by Syrian Refugees Residing in Ankara, Turkey
Authors: Altıner Ali Osman , Yeşil Sıdıka Tekeli 
Published: February 2018

AbstractIntroductionMany Syrians have left their country and migrated to other countries since March 2011, due to the civil war. As of March 2016, a total of 2,747,946 Syrian refugees had immigrated to Turkey. Some Syrian refugees have been living in camps, while 2,475,134 have been living in metropolitan areas, such as Ankara.Study ObjectiveThis study investigated Emergency Medical Service (EMS) utilization among Syrian refugees residing in Ankara.MethodsThis study was a descriptive, cross-sectional database analysis using data obtained from the Department of EMS of the Ankara Provincial Health Directorate.ConclusionFive stations in the Altındağ region of Ankara responded to 42% of all calls from Syrian refugees. Prehospital EMS in Ankara have been used mostly by Syrian refugees younger than 18-years-old. Study findings also suggest that medical staff in regions where Syrian refugees are likely to be treated should be supported and provided with the ability to overcome language barriers and cultural differences.AltınerAO, Tekeli YeşilS. Emergency Medical Service (EMS) utilization by Syrian refugees residing in Ankara, Turkey. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2018;33(2):160–164.
SaferDrive: An NLG-based behaviour change support system for drivers
Authors: BRAUN DANIEL , REITER EHUD , SIDDHARTHAN ADVAITH 
Published: February 2018

AbstractDespite the long history of Natural Language Generation (NLG) research, the potential for influencing real world behaviour through automatically generated texts has not received much attention. In this paper, we presentSaferDrive, a behaviour change support system that uses NLG and telematic data in order to create weekly textual feedback for automobile drivers, which is delivered through a smartphone application. Usage-based car insurances use sensors to track driver behaviour. Although the data collected by such insurances could provide detailed feedback about the driving style, they are typically withheld from the driver and used only to calculate insurance premiums.SaferDriveinstead provides detailed textual feedback about the driving style, with the intent to help drivers improve their driving habits. We evaluate the system with real drivers and report that the textual feedback generated by our system does have a positive influence on driving habits, especially with regard to speeding.
Barriers to fruit and vegetable consumption among farmers’ market incentive programme users in Illinois, USA
Authors: Singleton Chelsea R , Fouché Sydney , Deshpande Rucha , Odoms-Young Angela , Chatman Corey , Spreen Connie 
Published: February 2018

AbstractObjectivePrevious research indicates that low-income individuals often struggle to consume the recommended amount of fruits and vegetables (F&V). LINK Up Illinois is a farmers’ market incentive programme that aims to increase F&V consumption among Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) recipients by improving access to and affordability of locally grown foods. The present research aimed to identify barriers to F&V consumption that exist among users of the LINK Up Illinois programme.DesignCross-sectional.SettingFarmers’ markets in Chicago, Springfield, Northbrook, Woodstock, Aurora and Urbana, IL.SubjectsIn 2016, a volunteer sample of 140 LINK Up Illinois users (mean age 42·5 years; 81·7 % female; 28·7 % African American; 44·0 % obese) completed a survey at participating farmers’ markets across the state. Information on demographics, food shopping behaviours, programme satisfaction, barriers to F&V consumption and frequency of F&V consumption was collected and examined.ResultsApproximately 23 % of survey participants reported consuming F&V ≥3 times/d. The barriers to F&V consumption most often reported by survey participants were the cost of F&V (29·5 %), spoilage (18·6 %), knowing how to cook F&V (8·7 %) and not thinking about F&V when hungry (8·6 %). Results from multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models suggested that reporting one or more barriers was associated with reduced odds of consuming vegetables ≥3 times/d, but not fruits.ConclusionsCost, spoilage and knowledge of cooking are key barriers to F&V consumption that exist among LINK Up Illinois users. Strategies are needed to mitigate these barriers and increase F&V consumption in this population.
Space, place and (waiting) time: reflections on health policy and politics
Authors: Sheard Sally 
Published: February 2018

AbstractHealth systems have repeatedly addressed concerns about efficiency and equity by employing trans-national comparisons to draw out the strengths and weaknesses of specific policy initiatives. This paper demonstrates the potential for explicit historical analysis of waiting times for hospital treatment to add value to spatial comparative methodologies. Waiting times and the size of the lists of waiting patients have become key operational indicators. In the United Kingdom, as National Health Service (NHS) financial pressures intensified from the 1970s, waiting times have become a topic for regular public and political debate. Various explanations for waiting times include the following: hospital consultants manipulate NHS waiting lists to maintain their private practice; there is under-investment in the NHS; and available (and adequate) resources are being used inefficiently. Other countries have also experienced ongoing tensions between the public and private delivery of universal health care in which national and trans-national comparisons of waiting times have been regularly used. The paper discusses the development of key UK policies, and provides a limited Canadian comparative perspective, to explore wider issues, including whether ‘waiting crises’ were consciously used by policymakers, especially those brought into government to implement new economic and managerial strategies, to diminish the autonomy and authority of the medical professional in the hospital environment.
Proteorhodopsin variability and distribution in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre
Authors: Olson Daniel K , Yoshizawa Susumu , Boeuf Dominique , Iwasaki Wataru , DeLong Edward F 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Proteorhodopsin is a light-activated retinal-containing proton pump found in many marine bacteria. These photoproteins are globally distributed in the ocean’s photic zone and are capable of generating a proton motive force across the cell membrane. We investigated the phylogenetic diversity, distribution, and abundance of proteorhodopsin encoding genes in free-living bacterioplankton in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre, leveraging a gene catalog derived from metagenomic samples from the ocean’s surface to 1000 m depth. Proteorhodopsin genes were identified at all depths sampled, but were most abundant at depths shallower than 200 m. The majority of proteorhodopsin gene sequences (60.9%) belonged to members of the SAR11 lineage, with remaining sequences distributed among other diverse taxa. We observed variations in the conserved residues involved in ion pumping and spectral tuning, and biochemically confirmed four different proton pumping proteorhodopsin motifs, including one unique to deep-water SAR11. We also identified a new group of putative proteorhodopsins having unknown function. Our results reveal a broad organismal and unexpected depth distribution for different proteorhodopsin types, as well as substantial within-taxon variability. These data provide a framework for exploring the ecological relevance of proteorhodopsins and their spatiotemporal variation and function in heterotrophic bacteria in the open ocean.
PeatlandAcidobacteriawith a dissimilatory sulfur metabolism
Authors: Hausmann Bela , Pelikan Claus , Herbold Craig W , Köstlbacher Stephan , Albertsen Mads , Eichorst Stephanie A , Glavina del Rio Tijana , Huemer Martin , Nielsen Per H , Rattei Thomas , Stingl Ulrich , Tringe Susannah G , Trojan Daniela , Wentrup Cecilia , Woebken Dagmar , Pester Michael , Loy Alexander 
Published: February 2018

AbstractSulfur-cycling microorganisms impact organic matter decomposition in wetlands and consequently greenhouse gas emissions from these globally relevant environments. However, their identities and physiological properties are largely unknown. By applying a functional metagenomics approach to an acidic peatland, we recovered draft genomes of seven novel Acidobacteria species with the potential for dissimilatory sulfite (dsrAB, dsrC, dsrD, dsrN, dsrT, dsrMKJOP) or sulfate respiration (sat, aprBA, qmoABC plus dsr genes). Surprisingly, the genomes also encoded DsrL, which so far was only found in sulfur-oxidizing microorganisms. Metatranscriptome analysis demonstrated expression of acidobacterial sulfur-metabolism genes in native peat soil and their upregulation in diverse anoxic microcosms. This indicated an active sulfate respiration pathway, which, however, might also operate in reverse for dissimilatory sulfur oxidation or disproportionation as proposed for the sulfur-oxidizing Desulfurivibrio alkaliphilus. Acidobacteria that only harbored genes for sulfite reduction additionally encoded enzymes that liberate sulfite from organosulfonates, which suggested organic sulfur compounds as complementary energy sources. Further metabolic potentials included polysaccharide hydrolysis and sugar utilization, aerobic respiration, several fermentative capabilities, and hydrogen oxidation. Our findings extend both, the known physiological and genetic properties of Acidobacteria and the known taxonomic diversity of microorganisms with a DsrAB-based sulfur metabolism, and highlight new fundamental niches for facultative anaerobic Acidobacteria in wetlands based on exploitation of inorganic and organic sulfur molecules for energy conservation.
Genome-resolved metagenomics identifies genetic mobility, metabolic interactions, and unexpected diversity in perchlorate-reducing communities
Authors: Barnum Tyler P , Figueroa Israel A , Carlström Charlotte I , Lucas Lauren N , Engelbrektson Anna L , Coates John D 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Dissimilatory perchlorate reduction is an anaerobic respiratory pathway that in communities might be influenced by metabolic interactions. Because the genes for perchlorate reduction are horizontally transferred, previous studies have been unable to identify uncultivated perchlorate-reducing populations. Here we recovered metagenome-assembled genomes from perchlorate-reducing sediment enrichments and employed a manual scaffolding approach to reconstruct gene clusters for perchlorate reduction found within mobile genetic elements. De novo assembly and binning of four enriched communities yielded 48 total draft genomes. In addition to canonical perchlorate reduction gene clusters and taxa, a new type of gene cluster with an alternative perchlorate reductase was identified. Phylogenetic analysis indicated past exchange between these gene clusters, and the presence of plasmids with either gene cluster shows that the potential for gene transfer via plasmid persisted throughout enrichment. However, a majority of genomes in each community lacked perchlorate reduction genes. Putative chlorate-reducing or sulfur-reducing populations were dominant in most communities, supporting the hypothesis that metabolic interactions might result from perchlorate reduction intermediates and byproducts. Other populations included a novel phylum-level lineage (Ca. Muirbacteria) and epibiotic prokaryotes with no known role in perchlorate reduction. These results reveal unexpected genetic diversity, suggest that perchlorate-reducing communities involve substantial metabolic interactions, and encourage expanded strategies to further understand the evolution and ecology of this metabolism.
miR-142-3p regulates autophagy by targeting ATG16L1 in thymic-derived regulatory T cell (tTreg)
Authors: Lu Yunjie , Gao Ji , Zhang Shaopeng , Gu Jian , Lu Hao , Xia Yongxiang , Zhu Qin , Qian Xiaofeng , Zhang Feng , Zhang Chuanyong , shen Hongbing , Hippen Keli L. , Blazar Bruce R. , Lu Ling , Wang Xuehao 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThymic-derived regulatory T cell (tTreg) clinical trials show therapeutic promise in the prevention of acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation patients. However, strategies are needed to improve tTreg proliferative ability and survival as a means to improve tTreg therapy and reduce the requirement for producing large numbers of Treg cells for adoptive tTreg transfer. Autophagy is a self-degradative process for cytosolic components, which is involved in cells death, differentiation, lymphocyte homeostasis, and tTreg function. Studies have shown that mice with tTreg cells that have a disrupted autophagy process have defective tTreg cell generation and function, resulting in autoimmune disease and failed GVHD prevention by adoptively transferred tTreg cells. We found the attenuated autophagy status during ex vivo expansion, which leads us to determine whether tTreg cell survival could be augmented by miR-142-3p, the miRNA which is highly expressed in tTreg cells and potentially targets autophagy-related protein (ATG)-1, ATG16L1. We demonstrate that miR-142-3p downregulates ATG16L1 mRNA and production of ATG16L1, that has been linked to autoimmune diseases. Conversely, miR-142-3p knock-down improved tTreg cell expansion, survival and function in vitro and vivo. In aggregate, these studies provide a new approach that uses miR-142-3p knockdown to increase tTreg cell efficacy by increasing ATG16L1 mRNA and protein and the autophagy process.
Long noncoding RNA Gomafu upregulates Foxo1 expression to promote hepatic insulin resistance by sponging miR-139-5p
Authors: Yan Caifeng , Li Jin , Feng Shangyong , Li Ying , Tan Lu 
Published: February 2018

AbstractLong non-coding RNA Gomafu is involved in diabetes-related diseases. However, its role in insulin resistance (IR) remains unclear. Our objective is to explore the role of Gomafu in hepatic IR and glucose intolerance. Gomafu expression was determined in livers of ob/ob mice and high-fat diet (HFD) mice. The binding activity of NF-κB on the Gomafu promoter was measured by chromatin immunoprecipitation and quantitative real-time PCR assays. Increased Gomafu expression was observed in the livers of obese mice. Besides, the binding of NF-κB on the Gomafu promoter was also observed in hepatocytes from ob/ob mice. Further study showed that knockdown of NF-κB p65 alleviated the increase in hepatic Gomafu expression in vivo and in vitro. Knockdown of hepatic Gomafu inhibited hepatic glucose production (HGP) and improved insulin sensitivity in obese mice, whereas, overexpression of hepatic Gomafu resulted in an increase in random and fasting blood glucose levels in lean mice. In addition, we demonstrated that Gomafu functioned as miR-139 sponge and led to the de-repression of its target gene Foxo1, which played an important role in gluconeogenesis and HGP in hepatocytes. Finally, silenced Foxo1 expression abolished the effect of Gomafu overexpression on gluconeogenesis and glucose production in hepatocytes. Taken together, our data suggested that the increase in Gomafu expression contributed to hepatic IR in obese mice.