bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LA GANADERÍA EXTENSIVA EN EL DESARROLLO TERRITORIAL VALENCIANO. RECONOCIMIENTO PÚBLICO Y EXPERIENCIAS SOCIALES
Authors: Amat-Montesinos Xavier , Martínez Puche Antonio , Larrosa Rocamora José Antonio 
Published: September 2019

Resumen. El pastoreo es un modelo de producción ganadera, así como una forma de vida con importantes implicaciones sobre los territorios rurales a escala global. Sin embargo, el declive de los sistemas de explotación tradicionales y su conversión en formatos intensivos e industrializados ha abierto el debate sobre la sostenibilidad del sector ganadero. Por este motivo, las políticas públicas se han visto obligadas a elaborar estrategias y normativas que reconozcan los servicios prestados por el pastoreo extensivo, con medidas que apuestan por su protección y recuperación. En el presente texto se analiza el reconocimiento público del pastoreo en la Comunitat Valenciana, región administrativa que durante más de tres décadas ha reivindicado, en apariencia, la importancia de la ganadería extensiva en su acción política. Sin embargo, ante las limitaciones institucionales y burocráticas, en los últimos años emergen iniciativas que promueven enfoques nuevos y desconocidos en torno a la actividad pastoril, recuperando el anclaje territorial de los sistemas extensivos y tradicionales.

Palabras clave: Ganado, Tierra de pastoreo, Política pública, Medio rural, Comunitat Valenciana.

Abstract. Pastoralism is a model of livestock production and a way of life, with important implications for the rural environment on a global scale. However, the decline of traditional exploitation systems, their intensification and industrialization, has opened the debate on the sustainability of the livestock farming. For this reason, public policies have been obliged to develop strategies and regulations to recognize the services provided by pastoralism, with measures that opt for their protection and recovery. This paper analyzes the public recognition of pastoralism in the Valencian Community, an administrative region that, for more than three decades, has claimed the importance of extensive farming livestock in its political action. However, in the face of institutional and bureaucratic limitations, social initiatives have emerged in recent years that promote new and unknown approaches to pastoralism, recovering the territorial anchoring of extensive and traditional systems.

Key words: Livestock, Grazing land, Public policy, Rural environment, Valencian Autonomous Community.
Bovine tuberculosis breakdown duration in cattle herds: an investigation of herd, host, pathogen and wildlife risk factors
Authors: Milne Georgina , Allen Adrian , Graham Jordon , Lahuerta-Marin Angela , McCormick Carl , Presho Eleanor , Reid Neil , Skuce Robin , Byrne Andrew W 
Published: September 2019

Background. Despite rigorous controls placed on herds which disclose antemortem test positive cattle to bovine tuberculosis, caused by the infection of Mycobacterium bovis, many herds in Northern Ireland (NI) experience prolonged breakdowns. These herds represent a considerable administrative and financial burden to the State and farming community.
Methods. A retrospective observational study was conducted to better understand the factors associated with breakdown duration, which was modelled using both negative binomial and ordinal regression approaches. Six explanatory variables were important predictors of breakdown length in both models; herd size, the number of reactors testing positive in the initial SICCT test, the presence of a lesioned animal at routine slaughter (LRS), the count of M. bovis genotypes during the breakdown (MLVA richness), the local herd-level bTB prevalence, and the presence of herds linked via management factors (associated herds).
Results. We report that between 2008 and 2014, mean breakdown duration in NI was 226 days (approx. seven months; median; 188 days). In the same period, however, more than 6% of herds in the region remained under movement restriction for more than 420 days (13 months); almost twice as long as the mean. The MLVA richness variable was a particularly important predictor of breakdown duration. We contend that this variable primarily represents a proxy for beef fattening herds, which can operate by purchasing cattle and selling animals straight to slaughter, despite prolonged trading restrictions. For other herd types, the model supports the hypothesis that prolonged breakdowns are a function of both residual infection within the herd, and infection from the environment (e.g. infected wildlife, contiguous herds and/or a contaminated environment). The impact of badger density on breakdown duration was assessed by including data on main sett (burrow) density. Whilst a positive association was observed in the univariate analysis, confounding with other variables means that the contribution of badgers to prolonged breakdowns was not clear from our study. We do not fully reject the hypothesis that badgers are implicated in prolonging bTB breakdowns via spillback infection, but given our results, we posit that increased disease risk from badgers is unlikely to simply be a function of increasing badger density measured using sett metrics.
It's online, it's news: appropriation of viral narratives by the digital press
Authors: Martins Ana , Novoa Fernández Olivia , Aguaded Ignacio , Tavares Mirian 
Published: September 2019

At the border between information and entertainment, memes and newsgames aresome of the news formats that, made viral in social networks, complement the informational experience and compete with the traditional news media in constructing alternative readings of the real. If in the light of Bakhtine (apud Ponte, 2004) journalism can be understood as a secondary discursive genre that feeds on primary genres, how to understand the circulation of these discourses produced from journalistic events in social networks? On the other hand, how are these narratives appropriated by the media? What functions do they play in media discourse? In this article we present some examples of products created from events of political impact for than register, by the analysis of a set of news stories, how the digital press, in the Iberian context, make use of them. The purpose of this article is to contribute to the reflection on how the information media relate to these new narratives.
Design and Development of a Compact Rat-Race Coupler
Authors: Ahirwar S. , Ramakrishna D. , Pandharipande V. M. 
Published: September 2019

In this paper, design and development of compact Rat- Race coupler is presented. The device is designed with commercially available semi rigid coaxial cable. The semi rigid coaxial is modified for desired impedance to suit the requirement of Rat- race hybrid coupler. The physical structure of the coupler is in rectangular form instead of the conventional ring form. With this structure, all the ports are available in line on the same side. This eases the integration of the device with other modules or devices in the system. The total area occupied the coupler is reduced drastically by meandering the transmission line. The shielded transmission line provides better port isolation and less radiation loss. Design, implementation and measured results are presented.
Monitoring public awareness about the endangered northern bald ibis: a case study involving primary school children as citizen scientists
Authors: Frigerio Didone , Puehringer-Sturmayr Verena , Neuböck-Hubinger Brigitte , Gegendorfer Gudrun , Kotrschal Kurt , Hirschenhauser Katharina 
Published: September 2019

BackgroundCitizen science has evolved over the past decades by motivating members of the public to interact with scientists and actively participate in scientific research and monitoring. For this purpose, a proficient communication is mandatory in order to efficiently convey messages and reduce the gap of knowledge between scientists and lay people. In the present study, we aimed at evaluating the multiplying effect of children, who were trained to communicate their knowledge on an endangered bird species in order to engage the local community in the long-term ornithological monitoring of the free flying and individually marked colony of northern bald ibis (NBI,Geronticus eremita), which was established at the research station in 1997.MethodsPupils of the local primary schools were in regular contact with researchers, enjoyed outdoor encounters with the birds, and were invited to talk about their experience with as many people as possible. Later on, they acted as surveyors to assess the knowledge of the public on (i) the general knowledge about the species, (ii) specific knowledge about the local colony, and (iii) attitudes towards science. In two different years of evaluation (2012 and 2016) a total number of 387 persons were surveyed. The questions were generated together with the pupils and their teachers and the questionnaires were similar for both years of evaluation. All queries were in a closed format.ResultsOur results show an increase in the proportion of correct answers provided by the surveyed persons between the two years of evaluation. Education-based activities may encourage children to effectively act as multipliers of information and attitudes. This has the potential to induce sustainable changes with respect to attitude towards science, at least among local communities. Furthermore, the study suggests caution with the quality of some information reported by citizen scientists, which might be solved by more careful training actions and more specific information about local particularities. Even though the study would have gained more informative power with some additional precautions than in its current form, our findings recommend the empowerment of pupils as multipliers of scientific knowledge.
High‐throughput proteomic analysis of FFPE tissue samples facilitates tumor stratification
Authors: Zhu Yi , Weiss Tobias , Zhang Qiushi , Sun Rui , Wang Bo , Yi Xiao , Wu Zhicheng , Gao Huanhuan , Cai Xue , Ruan Guan , Zhu Tiansheng , Xu Chao , Lou Sai , Yu Xiaoyan , Gillet Ludovic , Blattmann Peter , Saba Karim , Fankhauser Christian D. , Schmid Michael B. , Rutishauser Dorothea , Ljubicic Jelena , Christiansen Ailsa , Fritz Christine , Rupp Niels J. , Poyet Cedric , Rushing Elisabeth , Weller Michael , Roth Patrick , Haralambieva Eugenia , Hofer Silvia , Chen Chen , Jochum Wolfram , Gao Xiaofei , Teng Xiaodong , Chen Lirong , Zhong Qing , Wild Peter J. , Aebersold Ruedi , Guo Tiannan 
Published: September 2019

Formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded (FFPE), biobanked tissue samples offer an invaluable resource for clinical and biomarker research. Here, we developed a pressure cycling technology (PCT)‐SWATH mass spectrometry workflow to analyze FFPE tissue proteomes and applied it to the stratification of prostate cancer (PCa) and diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) samples. We show that the proteome patterns of FFPE PCa tissue samples and their analogous fresh‐frozen (FF) counterparts have a high degree of similarity and we confirmed multiple proteins consistently regulated in PCa tissues in an independent sample cohort. We further demonstrate temporal stability of proteome patterns from FFPE samples that were stored between 1 and 15 years in a biobank and show a high degree of the proteome pattern similarity between two types of histological regions in small FFPE samples, that is, punched tissue biopsies and thin tissue sections of micrometer thickness, despite the existence of a certain degree of biological variations. Applying the method to two independent DLBCL cohorts, we identified myeloperoxidase, a peroxidase enzyme, as a novel prognostic marker. In summary, this study presents a robust proteomic method to analyze bulk and biopsy FFPE tissues and reports the first systematic comparison of proteome maps generated from FFPE and FF samples. Our data demonstrate the practicality and superiority of FFPE over FF samples for proteome in biomarker discovery. Promising biomarker candidates for PCa and DLBCL have been discovered.
Sequential Cross‐Coupling/Annulation of ortho‐Vinyl Bromobenzenes with Aromatic Bromides for the Synthesis of Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds
Authors: Wei Dong , Li Meng‐Yao , Zhu Bin‐Bin , Yang Xiao‐Di , Zhang Fang , Feng Chen‐Guo , Lin Guo‐Qiang 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA sequential cross‐coupling/annulation of ortho‐vinyl bromobenzenes with aromatic bromides was realized, providing a direct and modular approach to access polycyclic aromatic compounds. A vinyl‐coordinated palladacycle was proposed as the key intermediate for this sequential process. Excellent chemoselectivity and regioselectivity were observed in this transformation. The practicability of this method is highlighted by its broad substrate scope, excellent functional group tolerance, and rich transformations associated with the obtained products.
A triazole‐based fluorescence probe for detecting Hg2+ ions and its biological application
Authors: Liu Rong Qiang , Ding Guo Hua , Li Jian Ling , Feng Hua Jie , He Wen Ying , Wu Lu Yong 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA new compound, ethyl 5‐phenyl‐2‐(p‐tolyl)‐2H‐1,2,3‐triazole‐4‐carboxylate was successfully introduced and synthesized as a novel rhodamine B derivative named REPPC, and characterized by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), 13C NMR, and high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). It showed an obvious fluorescence and UV–visible light absorption enhancement towards Hg2+ ion without interference from common metal ions in N,N‐dimethylformamide–H2O (pH 7.4). The spirolactam ring moiety of rhodamine in REPPC was converted to the open‐ring form generating a 1:1 complex with the intervention of a mercury ion, verified by electrospray ionization‐mass spectroscopy testing and density functional theory calculation. REPPC was used to visualize the level of mercury ions in living HeLa cells with encouraging results.
Biochemical and technological characterization of two C4 gluten‐free cereals: Sorghum bicolor and Eragrostis tef
Authors: Galassi Elena , Taddei Federica , Ciccoritti Roberto , Nocente Francesca , Gazza Laura 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackground and objectivesMost commonly used gluten‐free cereals, as rice and corn, are reputed to be inferior in their nutritional value, particularly regarding dietary fiber and proteins content. The use of minor cereals has been limited also because of their reduced technological and sensory properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate five food‐grade sorghum hybrids and three teff genotypes (brown and white grain), for their technological, biochemical, and nutritional characteristics, and to test their suitability for the formulation of innovative wholegrain, gluten‐free products of high nutritional value.FindingsBoth sorghum and teff revealed a protein and total dietary fiber content of 9%–12% (w/w), and good technological properties.ConclusionsThe present study indicated that these niche cereals manifest their technological and nutritional potential, also in Italian pedo‐climatic conditions, constituting promising raw materials for enhancing the diversification in nutrition, contributing to the development of healthier foods and sustainable agriculture.Significance and noveltySorghum and teff could meet the need of gluten‐intolerants and health‐conscious consumers and encourage the use of niche crops also in Western Countries.
The variational multiscale formulation for the fully‐implicit log‐morphology equation as a tensor‐based blood damage model
Authors: Haßler Stefan , Pauli Lutz , Behr Marek 
Published: September 2019

AbstractWe derive a variational multiscale (VMS) finite element formulation for a viscoelastic, tensor‐based blood damage model. The tensor equation is numerically stabilized by a logarithmic shape tensor description that prevents unphysical, negative eigenvalues. The resulting VMS stabilization terms for this so‐called log‐morph equation are presented together with their special numerical treatment. Results for a 2D rotating stirrer test case obtained from log‐morph simulations with both SUPG and VMS stabilization show significantly improved numerical behavior if compared with Galerkin/least squares (GLS) stabilized untransformed morphology simulation results. The newly proposed method is also successfully applied to a state‐of‐the‐art centrifugal ventricular assist device (VAD), and clear advantages of the VMS stabilization compared with the SUPG‐stabilized formulation are presented.
Branched Bio‐Lubricant Base Oil Production through Aldol Condensation
Authors: Norton Angela M. , Liu Sibao , Saha Basudeb , Vlachos Dionisios G. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractCurrently, lubricant base oils are derived from petroleum, a nonrenewable feedstock that contributes to greenhouse gas emissions. Bioderived, renewable lubricant base oils can mitigate environmental challenges and offer superior cold flow properties by incorporating branches to the base oil's hydrocarbon backbone with an appropriate synthetic strategy. A strategy was developed to synthesize branched alkanes for lubricant base oil in two steps from 12‐tricosanone, obtained from bioderived fatty acids, and furfural, obtained from lignocellulosic biomass. The reaction pathway involves carbon–carbon coupling through aldol condensation followed by hydrodeoxygenation (HDO). Various solvents (non‐polar, aprotic and polar, protic) and reaction conditions were screened to achieve a maximum yield of 94.3 % of aldol condensation products, containing the majority of a C33 furan (79.5 %) followed by a C28 furan (14.8 %). Subsequent HDO of aldol condensation products over an Ir‐ReOx/SiO2 catalyst produced lubricant‐ranged branched alkanes (C28 and C33) with 61.4 % yield and small fractions (<11 %) of alkanes with carbon numbers between C15 and C10. The viscous properties of the produced bio‐lubricant base oil were comparable to commercial petroleum‐derived Group III and Group IV base oils. This approach serves as a potential stepping‐stone to replace petroleumderived base oils and, in turn, reduce greenhouse gas emissions associated with current lubricant production.
Physiological measures of mother–infant interactional synchrony
Authors: McFarland David H. , Fortin Annie Joëlle , Polka Linda 
Published: September 2019

AbstractMother–infant interactional synchrony has been hypothesized to be crucial for the development of many key neurodevelopmental behaviors in infants, including speech and language. Assessing synchrony is challenging because many interactive behaviors may be subtlety, if at all, observable in overt behaviors. Physiological measures, therefore, may provide valuable physiological/biological markers of mother–infant synchrony. We have developed a multilevel measurement platform to assess physiological synchrony, attention, and vocal congruency during dynamic face‐to‐face mother–infant interactions. The present investigation was designed to provide preliminary data on its application in a group of 10 mother–infant dyads (20 subjects) ranging in age from 7 to 8.5 months at the time of the experimentation. Respiratory kinematics, heart rate, and vocalization were recorded simultaneously from mothers and infants during nonstructured, face‐to‐face interactions. Novel statistical methods were used to identify reliable moments of synchrony from cross‐correlated, mother–infant respiration and to tag infant attention from heart rate deceleration. Results revealed that attention, vocal contingency, and respiratory synchrony are temporally clustered within the dyad interaction. This temporal alignment is consistent with the notion that biological synchrony provides a supportive platform for infant attention and mother–infant contingent vocalization.
Edge effects reduce α‐diversity but not β‐diversity during community assembly in a human‐modified tropical forest
Authors: Krishnadas Meghna , Kumar Arun N. , Comita Liza S. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractEdge effects can alter the spatial organization of diversity in fragmented habitats. For tropical forests, however, there has been large variation in the strength and direction of such effects reported by different studies. For long‐lived organisms like trees, one reason for inconsistent patterns might be due to most studies having examined patterns of diversity and compositional variation in older life stages that bear the legacy of a forest past. Younger life stages can reveal ongoing processes of assembly, but multi‐stage examinations are rare. For seedling, sapling, and adult life stages of trees in a human‐modified wet tropical forest in the Western Ghats Biodiversity Hotspot (India), we examined how proximity to forest edges (edge influence) modified the spatial organization of diversity. Specifically, for each life stage we tested whether edge influence led to loss of α‐ and γ‐diversity and decreased β‐diversity in this landscape. We found lower α‐ and γ‐diversity closer to forest edges, but only for seedlings. Seedling composition at 90–100 m from forest edges diverged from composition of sites within 60 m, suggesting that edge influence restricted the recruitment of some species to interior sites. In contrast, β‐diversity was greater near edges than interior forest for all life stages and most prominently for seedlings. Furthermore, β‐diversity at edges was primarily driven by species turnover, suggesting either marked species–environment associations or dispersal limitation. Low turnover at 90–100 m implies that β‐diversity arose from stochastic fluctuations in occurrences and abundances of the same species set. Overall, we find that high β‐diversity structured spatial patterns of diversity near edges, but recruitment bottlenecks are likely to reduce alpha diversity of forest fragments. Our results also corroborate the need to maintain sufficiently large areas of tropical forest free from edge effects to avoid the loss of interior forest species. To improve landscape‐scale diversity of fragmented landscapes, restoration efforts should focus on recovery of species that are unable to regenerate near forest edges.
Assessment of the role of Wolbachia in mtDNA paraphyly and the evolution of unisexuality in Calligrapha (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)
Authors: Gómez‐Zurita Jesús 
Published: September 2019

AbstractCalligrapha is a New World leaf beetle genus that includes several unisexual species in northeastern North America. Each unisexual species had an independent hybrid origin involving different combinations of bisexual species. However, surprisingly, they all cluster in a single mtDNA clade and with some individuals of their parental species, which are in turn deeply polyphyletic for mtDNA. This pattern is suggestive of a selective sweep which, together with mtDNA taxonomic incongruence and occurrence of unisexuality in Calligrapha, led to hypothesize that Wolbachia might be responsible. I tested this hypothesis studying the correlation between diversity of Wolbachia and well‐established mtDNA lineages in >500 specimens of two bisexual species of Calligrapha and their derived unisexual species. Wolbachia appears highly prevalent (83.4%), and fifteen new supergroup‐A strains of the bacteria are characterized, belonging to three main classes: wCallA, occupying the whole species ranges, and wCallB and wCallC, narrowly parapatric, infecting beetles with highly divergent mtDNAs where they coexist. Most beetles (71.6%) carried double infections of wCallA with another sequence class. Bayesian inference of ancestral character states and association tests between bacterial diversity and the mtDNA genealogy show that each mtDNA lineage of Calligrapha has specific types of infection. Moreover, shifts can be explained by horizontal or vertical transfer from local populations to an expanding lineage and cytoplasmic incompatibility between wCallB and wCallC types, suggesting that the symbionts hitchhike with the host and are not responsible for selective mtDNA sweeps. Lack of evidence for sweeps and the fact that individuals in the unisexual clade are uninfected or infected by the widespread wCallA type indicate that Wolbachia does not induce unisexuality in Calligrapha, although they may manipulate host reproduction through cytoplasmic incompatibility.