bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamic Visibility‐Driven Molecular Surfaces
Authors: Bruckner Stefan 
Published: June 2019

AbstractMolecular surface representations are an important tool for the visual analysis of molecular structure and function. In this paper, we present a novel method for the visualization of dynamic molecular surfaces based on the Gaussian model. In contrast to previous approaches, our technique does not rely on the construction of intermediate representations such as grids or triangulated surfaces. Instead, it operates entirely in image space, which enables us to exploit visibility information to efficiently skip unnecessary computations. With this visibility‐driven approach, we can visualize dynamic high‐quality surfaces for molecules consisting of millions of atoms. Our approach requires no preprocessing, allows for the interactive adjustment of all properties and parameters, and is significantly faster than previous approaches, while providing superior quality.
Geometry Aware Tori Decomposition
Authors: Chen Jia , Gopi M. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis work presents a shape decomposition algorithm to partition a complex high genus surface into simple primitives, each of which is a torus. First, using a novel iterative algorithm, handle and tunnel fundamental cycles on the surface are progressively localized. Then, the problem of computing the splitting cycles that produce such a tori decomposition is posed as a min‐cut problem on the mesh's dual graph with earlier computed tunnels as source and target. The edge weights for the min‐cut problem are designed for the cut to be geometry‐aware. We present an implementation and demonstrate the results of our algorithm on numerous examples.
Learning a Generative Model for Multi‐Step Human‐Object Interactions from Videos
Authors: Wang He , Pirk Sören , Yumer Ersin , Kim Vladimir G. , Sener Ozan , Sridhar Srinath , Guibas Leonidas J. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractCreating dynamic virtual environments consisting of humans interacting with objects is a fundamental problem in computer graphics. While it is well‐accepted that agent interactions play an essential role in synthesizing such scenes, most extant techniques exclusively focus on static scenes, leaving the dynamic component out. In this paper, we present a generative model to synthesize plausible multi‐step dynamic human‐object interactions. Generating multi‐step interactions is challenging since the space of such interactions is exponential in the number of objects, activities, and time steps. We propose to handle this combinatorial complexity by learning a lower dimensional space of plausible human‐object interactions. We use action plots to represent interactions as a sequence of discrete actions along with the participating objects and their states. To build action plots, we present an automatic method that uses state‐of‐the‐art computer vision techniques on RGB videos in order to detect individual objects and their states, extract the involved hands, and recognize the actions performed. The action plots are built from observing videos of everyday activities and are used to train a generative model based on a Recurrent Neural Network (RNN). The network learns the causal dependencies and constraints between individual actions and can be used to generate novel and diverse multi‐step human‐object interactions. Our representation and generative model allows new capabilities in a variety of applications such as interaction prediction, animation synthesis, and motion planning for a real robotic agent.
Computer‐assisted Relief Modelling: A Comprehensive Survey
Authors: Zhang Yu‐Wei , Wu Jing , Ji Zhongping , Wei Mingqiang , Zhang Caiming 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAs an art form between drawing and sculpture, relief has been widely used in a variety of media for signs, narratives, decorations and other purposes. Traditional relief creation relies on both professional skills and artistic expertise, which is extremely time‐consuming. Recently, automatic or semi‐automatic relief modelling from a 3D object or a 2D image has been a subject of interest in computer graphics. Various methods have been proposed to generate reliefs with few user interactions or minor human efforts, while preserving or enhancing the appearance of the input. This survey provides a comprehensive review of the advances in computer‐assisted relief modelling during the past decade. First, we provide an overview of relief types and their art characteristics. Then, we introduce the key techniques of object‐space methods and image‐space methods respectively. Advantages and limitations of each category are discussed in details. We conclude the report by discussing directions for possible future research.
Rethinking Texture Mapping
Authors: Yuksel Cem , Lefebvre Sylvain , Tarini Marco 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe intrinsic problems of texture mapping, regarding its difficulties in content creation and the visual artifacts it causes in rendering, are well‐known, but often considered unavoidable. In this state of the art report, we discuss various radically different ways to rethink texture mapping that have been proposed over the decades, each offering different advantages and trade‐offs. We provide a brief description of each alternative texturing method along with an evaluation of its strengths and weaknesses in terms of applicability, usability, filtering quality, performance, and potential implementation related challenges.
Long‐term outcomes of the octogenarian donor liver recipient: The era of the new centurion
Authors: Schneider Sarah , Díaz Jaime Francia , Mara Kristin , Dierkhising Ross , Heimbach Julie , Watt Kymberly D. , Berenguer Marina 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundStudies have suggested transplantation using older donor livers results in similar short‐term outcomes as younger donor livers; however, little data exist on long‐term patient/graft outcomes of the octogenarian liver recipient.MethodsRetrospective data were collected from 2 centers, (Valencia, Spain and Rochester, MN, USA) of all recipients of octogenarian donor liver allografts from 2000 to 2011 with follow‐up to 2016. The aim was to compare long‐term patient/graft survival as well as metabolic outcomes of the recipient with the octogenarian liver vs younger than 60 years donor.Results78 recipients of older liver allografts were compared to 78 matched controls. No difference in 10‐year patient mortality was demonstrated (P = 0.074). Octogenarian livers were associated with 3‐fold higher likelihood of graft failure (P = 0.002) but no increase in the risk of post‐LT cardiovascular disease (P = 0.60), hypertension (P = 0.33), vascular complications (P = 0.53), or malignancy (P = 0.14). In multivariate analysis, elder livers remained a significant factor associated with rejection (P = 0.034) with a trend not reaching statistical significance for graft failure (P = 0.052).ConclusionsFor appropriately selected recipients, receiving an octogenarian liver does not clearly influence patient survival but does impact early graft survival with a notable increase in early posttransplant rejection rates and re‐transplantation. Over 1.5 decades, older allografts have not adversely affected metabolic outcomes.
Efficacy of two telemonitoring systems to improve glycaemic control during basal insulin initiation in patients with type 2 diabetes: The TeleDiab‐2 randomized controlled trial
Authors: Franc Sylvia , Joubert Michael , Daoudi Ahmed , Fagour Cédric , Benhamou Pierre‐Yves , Rodier Michel , Boucherie Beatrix , Benamo Eric , Schaepelynck Pauline , Guerci Bruno , Dardari Dured , Borot Sophie , Penfornis Alfred , D'Orsay Geneviève , Mari Karine , Reznik Yves , Randazzo Caroline , Charpentier Guillaume ,   on behalf of the TeleDiab study group
Published: June 2019

AbstractTeleDiab‐2 was a 13‐month randomized controlled trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of two telemonitoring systems to optimize basal insulin (BI) initiation in subjects with inadequately controlled type 2 diabetes (HbA1c, 7.5%‐10%). A total of 191 participants (mean age 58.7 years, mean HbA1c 8.9%) were randomized into three groups: group 1(G1, standard care, n = 63), group 2 (G2, interactive voice response system, n = 64) and group 3 (G3, Diabeo‐BI app software, n = 64). The two telemonitoring systems proposed daily adjustments of BI doses, in order to facilitate the achievement of fasting blood glucose (FBG) values targeted at ~100 mg/dL. At 4 months follow‐up, HbA1c reduction was significantly higher in the telemonitoring groups (G2: −1.44% and G3: −1.48% vs. G1: −0.92%; P < 0.002). Moreover, target FBG was reached by twice as many patients in the telemonitoring groups as in the control group, and insulin doses were also titrated to higher levels. No severe hypoglycaemia was observed in the telemonitoring groups and mild hypoglycaemia frequency was similar in all groups. In conclusion, both telemonitoring systems improved glycaemic control to a similar extent, without increasing hypoglycaemic episodes.
Estimation of heritability of feeding behaviour traits and their correlation with production traits in Finnish Yorkshire pigs
Authors: Kavlak Alper T. , Uimari Pekka 
Published: June 2019

AbstractA major proportion of the costs of pork production is related to feed. The feed conversion rate (FCR) or residual feed intake (RFI) is thus commonly included in breeding programmes. Feeding behaviour traits do not directly have economic value but, if correlated with production traits, can be used as auxiliary traits. The aim of this study was to estimate the heritability of feeding behaviour traits and their genetic correlations with production traits in the Finnish Yorkshire pig population. The data were available from 3,235 pigs. Feeding behaviour was measured as the number of visits per day (NVD), time spent in feeding per day (TPD), daily feed intake (DFI), time spent feeding per visit (TPV), feed intake per visit (FPV) and feed intake rate (FR). The test station phase was divided into five periods. Estimates of heritabilities of feeding behaviour traits varied from 0.17 to 0.47. Strong genetic correlations were obtained between behaviour traits in all periods. However, only DFI was strongly correlated with the production traits. Interestingly, a moderate positive genetic correlation was obtained between FR and backfat thickness (0.1–0.5) and between FR and average daily gain (0.3–0.4), depending on the period. Based on the results, there is no additional benefit from including feeding‐related traits other than those commonly used (FCR and RFI) in the breeding programme. However, if correlated with animal welfare, the feeding behaviour traits could be valuable in the breeding programme.
The never‐ending story of CIED infection prevention: Shall we WRAP‐IT and go?
Authors: Biffi Mauro 
Published: June 2019

AbstractCIED infection is perceived as substantial, ranging from 1% to 4% in literature depending on different studies and on the population profile, and can appear either as surgical site or endovascular infection or both. Several factors have been found to be associated to CIED infection, that can be summarized as patient‐related (clinical profile, associated comorbidities, ongoing treatment as anticoagulants and immunosuppressants), Procedure‐related (complexity of CIED surgery, type of surgery, previous pocket exploration), and center‐/operator‐related (center/operator volume). Thus, it is difficult to disentangle the extent of benefit that any intervention may offer to decrease this threatened complication, owing to its multifaceted complexity. The recently completed PADIT and WRAP‐IT trials have significantly improved our knowledge in this field (nearly 20 000 patients enrolled), reporting an infection rate of 1% to 1.2% in control‐arm patients and a 20% to 67% infection decrease when incremental antibiotic prophylaxis is added on top of optimized preventative strategies. Observational registries highlighted that participation in a prospective survey of CIED infection dramatically decrease infection rate by optimization of antisepsis protocols and operator awareness, that explains the low event rate observed in PADIT and WRAP‐IT. While this consideration prompts each center to engage into a proactive infection prevention program, it makes a point in favor of antibiotic prophylaxis delivered locally in 7 days or more, as enabled by TYRX in the WRAP‐IT trial. However, care sustainability (the number needed to treat in the most favorable WRAP‐IT scenario is 100) suggests further analysis to understand the settings (patient‐ or procedure‐related) most likely to benefit by such an enhanced prevention strategy.
Endo‐epicardial vs endocardial‐only catheter ablation of ventricular tachycardia: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Cardoso Rhanderson , Assis Fabrizio R. , D’Avila Andre 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIntroductionThe efficacy of endocardial catheter ablation for ventricular tachycardia (VT) can be limited by intramural or epicardial substrates. Adding epicardial mapping and ablation may improve arrhythmia outcomes compared with an endocardial‐only approach.MethodsWe performed a systematic review and meta‐analysis of studies comparing a strategy of endo‐epicardial catheter ablation to an endocardial‐only approach for VT. Subanalyses were performed for ischemic and nonischemic cardiomyopathies.ResultsA total of 22 studies including 1138 patients were included in the meta‐analysis. Of those, 44% underwent an endo‐epicardial approach. During intermediate to long‐term follow‐up (average 7 to 70 months), recurrent VT or appropriate implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) therapies were significantly lower with the endo‐epicardial strategy (OR, 0.52; P < .01). All‐cause mortality was also lower in this group (OR, 0.50; P = .03). No difference between endo‐epicardial and endocardial‐only ablation was noted in nonischemic cardiomyopathies. Among 323 patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy, recurrent VT or appropriate ICD therapies was less frequent in the endo‐epicardial group (OR, 0.39; P = .01), as was all‐cause mortality (OR, 0.38; P = .05). In patients with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy, recurrent VT or appropriate ICD therapy was also lower in the endo‐epicardial group (OR, 0.42; P = .04).ConclusionThese results suggest that a strategy of combined endo‐ and epicardial access for mapping and ablation of VT may provide superior efficacy to an endocardial‐only approach in selected patients. Randomized trials are warranted to further investigate this question.
Diagnostic value of symptoms in chronic polyneuropathy: The Erasmus Polyneuropathy Symptom Score
Authors: Hanewinckel Rens , van Oijen Marieke , Taams Noor E. , Merkies Ingemar S. J. , Notermans Nicolette C. , Vrancken Alexander F. J. E. , Ikram M. Arfan , van Doorn Pieter A. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIn this study, we evaluated the diagnostic value of symptoms of chronic polyneuropathy and to construct and validate a simple questionnaire that can help diagnose chronic polyneuropathy. In a multi‐step procedure, we initially compiled a 12‐item questionnaire concerning polyneuropathy symptoms. The questionnaire was completed by 117 polyneuropathy patients and 188 controls (headache, transient ischemic attack, multiple sclerosis). First, we calculated sensitivity, specificity and likelihood ratios of each symptom. Next, we used multi‐variable logistic regression to create a model that could discriminate patients from controls, using only the most informative symptoms and their frequency of occurrence. Based on the regression coefficients, we developed a simple scoring system (Erasmus Polyneuropathy Symptom Score, E‐PSS), which was externally validated in 140 cases with chronic idiopathic axonal polyneuropathy and 96 controls without polyneuropathy. We assessed performance with discrimination (area under the curve, AUC) and calibration analyses. Numb and tingling feet were most frequently reported by polyneuropathy patients and had the highest sensitivity. Walking on cotton wool and allodynia had the highest specificity. Logistic regression yielded a model that contained these four symptoms, complemented with balance problems and tingling hands. Based on this analysis, the E‐PSS was created, ranging from 0 to 14. The E‐PSS had a good performance (AUC = 0.92) in the derivation set and proved to be valid in the external population (AUC = 0.95). In conclusion, the Erasmus Polyneuropathy Symptom Score (E‐PSS) is a simple, validated six‐item score that takes the presence and frequency of six different symptoms into account and it may be a helpful tool to screen individuals for the presence of chronic polyneuropathy.
The neuroanatomy of Eml1 knockout mice, a model of subcortical heterotopia
Authors: Collins Stephan C. , Uzquiano Ana , Selloum Mohammed , Wendling Olivia , Gaborit Marion , Osipenko Maria , Birling Marie‐Christine , Yalcin Binnaz , Francis Fiona 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe cerebral cortex is a highly organized structure responsible for advanced cognitive functions. Its development relies on a series of steps including neural progenitor cell proliferation, neuronal migration, axonal outgrowth and brain wiring. Disruption of these steps leads to cortical malformations, often associated with intellectual disability and epilepsy. We have generated a new resource to shed further light on subcortical heterotopia, a malformation characterized by abnormal neuronal position. We describe here the generation and characterization of a knockout (KO) mouse model for Eml1, a microtubule‐associated protein showing mutations in human ribbon‐like subcortical heterotopia. As previously reported for a spontaneous mouse mutant showing a mutation in Eml1, we observe severe cortical heterotopia in the KO. We also observe abnormal progenitor cells in early corticogenesis, likely to be the origin of the defects. EML1 KO mice on the C57BL/6N genetic background also appear to present a wider phenotype than the original mouse mutant, showing additional brain anomalies, such as corpus callosum abnormalities. We compare the anatomy of male and female mice and also study heterozygote animals. This new resource will help unravel roles for Eml1 in brain development and tissue architecture, as well as the mechanisms leading to severe subcortical heterotopia.
Investigation of the association between C677T polymorphism of the MTHFR gene and plasma homocysteine level in recurrent fetal miscarriage
Authors: Zarfeshan Fard Yalda , Kooshkaki Omid , Kordi Tammandani Dormohammad , Anani Sarab Gholamreza 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAimThe aim of this study is to determine the association between C677T polymorphism in MTHFR gene and plasma homocysteine concentration in recurrent fetal miscarriages.MethodsOverall, 100 women were included in the research, the case group comprised of 50 women who had a history of spontaneously recurrent miscarriage with unspecified cause, and 50 of whom had experienced at least two successful pregnancy, as controls. Methods used in the study included PCR‐RFLP with limited effective HinfI enzyme in order to investigate MTHFR polymorphism and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay analysis to investigate plasma homocysteine concentration.ResultsThere was a significant increase in the prevalence of mutant TT genotype among women with miscarriage history. Also, the mean homocysteine level in the case group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P = 0.002) and higher level of homocysteine was found in the carriers of T allele.ConclusionOur data suggest that C677TT genotype may be a risk factor for miscarriage and CC wild type genotype supposed to have protective effect on hyperhomocysteinemia.
Method for Measurements of Terrestrial Ultraviolet Radiation on Inclined Surfaces in Personal Dosimetry Field Studies
Authors: Corradi Elena , Baczynska Katarzyna A , Morelii Marco , Giulietti Danilo , Khazova Marina 
Published: June 2019

AbstractUnderstanding personal ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure is essential for the evaluation of the health risks and benefits; however, personal dosimetry could be challenging in large‐scale or/and long‐term population studies. Alternatively, personal exposure could be simulated using three‐dimensional models and lifestyle surveys together with data on a body position with respect to the sun. These models require a real‐time input on local environmental UVR. The main challenge in using this method is retrieval of the diffuse irradiance as it requires an often‐expensive tracking of solar position. In this study, a hypothesis that UVR measured on a vertical plane in the north direction can be used in the UK as a proxy for diffuse radiation was tested against direct measurements and compared with models based on solar tracker data in Chilton, UK, (51.57°N) in June–July 2018. The statistical analysis over 17 days under all weather conditions showed that for 45° and 90° tilted surfaces the proposed method performed as well as the best of the models based on solar tracker data. A proposed system could offer a portable and low‐cost alternative to measurements of diffuse radiation by solar tracking radiometers for spatial distribution of terrestrial erythema effective UVR in population field studies.
Offshoring and skill overlap: An empirical investigation
Authors: Choi Jaerim 
Published: June 2019

AbstractConventional international trade theory predicts that bilateral offshoring flows will be highest when two countries have very different relative factor endowments. In contrast, the new trade theory contends that offshoring is more likely to exist when countries’ relative factor endowments are similar. This paper empirically tests the relationship between offshoring and relative factor endowments, measured by the skill overlap index between two countries and finds evidence that there is an inverted U‐shape relationship. Our empirical results predict that the rise in educational attainment in China will motivate U.S. multinationals to send their tasks to China in the short run; over the long run, however, U.S. multinationals will have fewer incentives to send their tasks to China. This finding sheds new light on the current trade tensions between the United States and China and has implications for trade policy.