bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interior point algorithm for solving farm resource allocation problem
Authors: De-Graft Acquah Henry , Acquah Sarah 
Published: February 2018

This paper introduces interior point algorithm as an alternative approach to simplex algorithm for solving farm resource allocation problem. The empirical result of interior point algorithm is compared with that of the simplex algorithm. It goes further to address a profit maximization problem. The result revealed several relevant patterns. Results of the interior point algorithm is similar to that of the simplex algorithm. Findings indicated that in both algorithms, the farm is to produce peppers, wheat which is irrigated and weeded manually, hire additional month of labour, and also purchase urea and muriate fertilizer to realize a similar amount of profit. Additionally, both algorithms suggested that practicing crop rotation where beans, if grown, should be altered with wheat cannot be possible since no beans will be grown. The Simplex algorithm saves 39 iterations over Interior Point algorithm in solving the farm resource allocation problem. The findings demonstrate that the interior point algorithm offers a useful alternative to the simplex algorithm when addressing farm resource allocation problem.
JEL code: D24, D57, C61, C63, C67
Editorial
Authors: Silva Marina Vieira da 
Published: February 2018

Ao encerrar o ano de 2011 o NEPA, entrega à comunidade cientifica o segundo fascículo do volume 18 da revista Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional, com nove artigos inéditos e de qualidade que abordam temas diversos como a sustentabilidade, o Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos-PAA do Governo Federal , a segurança dos alimentos, o impacto do consumo de diversos compostos sobre a saúde humana, entre outros. Esse resultado é fruto de trabalho intenso da coordenação do NEPA e da Comissão Editorial, além da atuação incansável e criteriosa dos revisores ad doc.
DEVELOPING UNIVERSITY STUDENTS’ ENGLISH READING AND LISTENING SKILLS THROUGH ONLINE LANGUAGE LEARNING
Authors: Chen Julia , Chau Juliana , Lim Grace , Li Voyce 
Published: February 2018

The panoply of technological applications in diverse educational contexts signals a necessity for continued inquiry into online language learning (OLL), especially in relation to its impact on different learner populations whose perception and acceptance of OLL can vary across settings. This pilot study involved over 200 Chinese students in a Hong Kong university and examined their OLL experience with respect to online activities that provided reading and listening skills practice. Results of the study suggest the easy availability of internet resources can greatly amplify students’ OLL experience, while raising four challenges in the areas of online materials development, student motivation, pedagogy-technology interface, and intercultural communicative competence. Possible ways of tackling such challenges are outlined. The article concludes with a view that successful OLL needs to be predicated on a tripartite framework of hardware, software and humanware.
Manganese Oxides for Environmental Assessment
Authors: Rabenhorst Martin , Post Jeffrey 
Published: February 2018

Core Ideas
Synthesis of birnessite that forms a durable coating requires both high lactate and high Na to K ratios.
A high lactate to permanganate ratio facilitates a rapid (<10 min) nucleation of birnessite crystals.
The high Na/K ratio facilitates crystal growth along the c axis because Na+ ions fit well within the triclinic structure.
Early‐formed birnessite is initially poorly ordered, but ordering along the c axis occurs over 2 to 3 d.
Differences in durability of birnessites are likely related to crystal morphology.
Following on earlier work that has shown the value of iron‐based IRIS (Indicator of Reduction In Soils) technology, recent efforts have focused on developing a manganese‐based IRIS coating. A synthesis procedure developed utilizing a high Na lactate to KMnO4 molar ratio followed by 3 d of dialysis, forms a crystalline birnessite that can be easily applied to PVC tubing and which forms a durable manganese oxide coating. In this study, a series of experiments were run to evaluate the impact of the following parameters on the synthesis of the birnessite: Na/K ratio; lactate/permanganate ratio; lactate source; reaction time; centrifuge washing; dialysis and ageing of the samples. Results confirm that to synthesize birnessite that forms a durable coating both high lactate and high Na/K ratios are required. The high lactate/permanganate ratio (6.7) facilitates a rapid nucleation of triclinic birnessite crystals within 10 min during which time the initial structural template is established, and where some of the manganese (approximately 38%) is reduced to Mn3+. The high Na/K facilitates the ordering of the triclinic birnessite along the c axis following synthesis, and based on analyses of x‐ray diffraction (XRD) patterns, the crystallites grow from 2 to 12 nm in direction of c axis over the course of several days. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses show that oriented structured particles up to 1 μm form. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses demonstrate that there is no difference in the charge structure of the Mn between birnessites that will, or will not, form a durable coating. We conclude that the differences in durability are related primarily to physical interaction and/or interlocking of crystals.
Impact of a pharmacy team–led intervention program on the readmission rate of elderly patients with heart failure
Authors: Moye Pamela M. , Chu Pui Shan , Pounds Teresa , Thurston Maria Miller 
Published: February 2018

Purpose
The results of a study to determine whether pharmacy team–led postdischarge intervention can reduce the rate of 30-day hospital readmissions in older patients with heart failure (HF) are reported.

Methods
A retrospective chart review was performed to identify patients 60 years of age or older who were admitted to an academic medical center with a primary diagnosis of HF during the period March 2013–June 2014 and received standard postdischarge follow-up care provided by physicians, nurses, and case managers. The rate of 30-day readmissions in that historical control group was compared with the readmission rate in a group of older patients with HF who were admitted to the hospital during a 15-month intervention period (July 2014–October 2015); in addition to usual postdischarge care, these patients received medication reconciliation and counseling from a team of pharmacists, pharmacy residents, and pharmacy students.

Results
Twelve of 97 patients in the intervention group (12%) and 20 of 80 patients in the control group (25%) were readmitted to the hospital within 30 days of discharge (p = 0.03); 11 patients in the control group (55%) and 7 patients in the intervention group (58%) had HF-related readmissions (p = 0.85).

Conclusion
In a population of older patients with HF, the rate of 30-day all-cause readmissions in a group of patients targeted for a pharmacy team–led postdischarge intervention was significantly lower than the all-cause readmission rate in a historical control group.
Effectiveness of the water resources allocation institution in Tunisia
Authors: Mellah Thuraya 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
This paper examines the water allocation system and its effects on water use, users' behavior and on the country's achievement of desirable goals. It investigates efficiency, equity, and sustainability issues that arise under this allocation rule. The current allocation system functions according to a queuing system of priorities, where the urban allocation is found to be the most efficient and least risky allocation, while the ecological sector bears the highest degree of climate risk variability. The rule of priority is applied to crops as well; the non-strategic crops have the least efficient and riskiest allocation. The current system allows the country to secure drinking water supply, but it does not create sufficient incentives for entitlement holders that have priority to increase their water use efficiency, does not guarantee ecosystem health and integrity and does not equally distribute the risk among users. An institutional reform is especially relevant to improve water use performance in the agriculture sector and the country's ability to manage drought. The nonpriority system that allows farmers to exchange their water-use entitlement might increase social welfare of water use.
Comparison of carbonized materials from wastes of different origin for nonylphenol removal by adsorption
Authors: Wang Lixiao , Lou Yiling , Zhu Hong , Huang Qian , Yao Lingdan , Lou Liping , Lin Qi 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
The application of carbonized materials (CMs) from solid wastes for the control of hydrophobic organic contaminants is a promising way to treat wastes. In this paper, the physicochemical properties of CMs prepared from industry (fly ash and sewage sludge), plant (rice straw and bamboo fragments), and livestock (chicken manure) were analyzed, their adsorption capacities for nonylphenol were studied, and the relationship between the adsorption capacity and the physicochemical properties of different types of CMs was investigated. The results showed that the adsorption capacities of CMs prepared from plant solid wastes (rice straw and bamboo fragments) far exceeded those of the industrial and livestock solid wastes. The parameter Kf obtained by the Freundlich model showed a significant and positive correlation with carbon content (C%), carboxyl content, specific surface area (SSA), and pore volume, and a negative correlation with ash content (ash%). Compared with CMs produced by the other two types of solid wastes, CMs from the plant solid wastes had the characteristics of a large SSA, rich pore structure (especially mesoporous) and high aromaticity (high C%), which were the main reasons for their superior adsorption capacity. The results could provide a scientific basis for the utilization of solid wastes.
The enhanced effect of activated sludge attached to the roots of Pistia stratiotes on nutrient removal for secondary effluent
Authors: Zhou Jian-Zhen , Zhang Xian-Qiu , Xie Wen-Ming , Yang Shun-Qing , Du Ming-Xia , Dai Ke-Wei , Han Xue 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Aquatic plants are widely used for treating wastewater treatment plant secondary effluent. During this process, some residual activated sludge in the secondary effluent is intercepted and attaches to the plant roots. However, the effect of the attached activated sludge on nutrient removal in secondary effluent has up to now been unknown. Aiming at this problem, this investigation was conducted to compare the nutrient removal rates in secondary effluent by washed Pistia stratiotes (washed batch) and Pistia stratiotes with activated sludge attached to the roots (study batch). Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) from the activated sludge attached to the roots were extracted and characterized by three-dimensional excitation emission matrix (3D-EEM) fluorescence spectroscopy. The results showed that the nutrient removal rates in the study batch were better than that in the washed batch. The 3D-EEM results showed that the protein content of EPS increased during the experiment, indicating the growth of microorganisms in the attached activated sludge. Our work demonstrated the enhanced effect of activated sludge attached to the roots of Pistia stratiotes on the removal of pollutants in secondary effluent, which is useful to guide the practical engineering of secondary effluent treatment.
The Micromorphological Research of the Internal Structure of Chairside CAD/CAM Materials by the Method of Scanning Impulse Acoustic Microscopy (SIAM)
Authors: Goryainova Kristina E. , Morokov Egor S. , Retinskaja Marina V. , Rusanov Fedor S. , Apresyan Samvel V. , Lebedenko Igor Yu. 
Published: February 2018

Aim:The aim of the present work was to compare the elastic properties and internal structure of 4 different CAD/CAM chairside materials, by the method of Scanning Impulse Acoustic Microscopy (SIAM).Methods:Four chairside CAD/CAM materials with different structures from hybrid ceramic (VITA Enamic, VITA Zahnfabrik), feldspatic ceramic (VITABlocs Mark II, VITA Zahnfabrik), leucite glass-ceramic (IPS Empress CAD, Ivoclar Vivadent) and PMMA (Telio CAD, Ivoclar Vivadent) were examined by Scanning Impulse Acoustic Microscope (SIAM).Results:The results of micromorphological research of CAD/CAM chairside materials using SIAM method showed differences between the internal structures of these materials. The internal structure of feldspatic and glass-ceramic samples revealed the presence of pores with different sizes, from 10 to 100 microns; the structure of polymer materials rendered some isolated defects, while in the structure of hybrid material, defects were not found.Conclusion:Based on the results obtained from the present study, in cases of chairside production of dental crowns, it would be advisable to give preference to the blocks of hybrid ceramics. Such ceramics devoid of quite large porosity, glazing for CAD/CAM crowns made from leucite glass-ceramic and feldspatic ceramic may be an option. For these purposes, commercially available special muffle furnace for clinical and laboratory individualization and glazing of ceramic prostheses were provided. Further studies are needed to confirm the evidence emerging from the present research.
VALUE CHAIN DEVELOPMENT AS ALTERNATIVE METHOD FOR MAPPING WASTE MANAGEMENT
Authors: Hakim Muhammad Saiful , Baihaqi Imam , Kunaifi Aang 
Published: February 2018

Solid Waste management begin at the household as waste of consumption and ended as a new form of waste product or recycling. Based on its value chain the subsequent process will have distict differences with manufacturing product. Value chain of manufacturing product will characterize as value added chain along the chain, where every side of the chain will generate positive chain. In the other hand, some parties of waste management value chain will negative value existed. Some parties in this chain will generate negative value solely because they must establish some cost for wipe the waste. Dissimilarities between value chain on product and waste will contribute to discrepancy between parties. Main purpose of this research is to identify value chain from solid waste management using value chain development. Another purpose to accomplished is to resolve discrepancy in value chain. Research results shown that household is the parties that experiences negative value. To minimize the discrepancies there should be an action towards household
Konsep dan Desain Negara Kesejahteraan (Welfare State)
Authors: Sukmana Oman 
Published: February 2018

AbstrakNegara kesejahteraan (welfare state) dianggap sebagai jawaban yang paling tepat atas bentuk keterlibatan negara dalam memajukan kesejahteraan rakyat. Keyakinan ini diperkuat oleh munculnya kenyataan empiris mengenai kegagalan pasar (market failure) dan kegagalan negara (state failure) dalam meningkatkan kesejahteraan rakyat. Menurut Goodin (1999; dalam Simarmata, 2008: 19) negara kesejahteraan sering diasosiasikan dengan proses distribusi sumber daya yang ada kepada publik, baik secara tunai maupun dalam bentuk tertentu (cash benefits or benefits in kind). Konsep kesejahteraan juga terkait erat dengan kebijakan sosial-ekonomi yang berupaya untuk mewujudkan kesejahteraan rakyat secara umum. Beberapa bidang yang paling mendesak untuk diperhatikan dalam kebijakan kesejahteraan adalah masalah pendidikan, kesehatan dan penyediaan lapangan kerja. Secara umum suatu negara bisa digolongkan sebagai negara kesejahteraan jika mempunyai empat pilar utamanya, yaitu: (1) social citizenship; (2) full democracy; (3) modern industrial relation systems; dan (4) rights to education and the expansion of modern mass educations systemsKata kunci : negara kesejahteraan, kegagalan pasar, kegagalan negara AbstractWelfare state is considered as the most appropriate response on the form of state involvement in advancing the welfare of the people. This belief was reinforced by the emergence of empirical facts about the failure of the market (market failure) and the failure of the state (state failure) in improving people's welfare. According to Goodin (1999; in Simarmata, 2008: 19) the welfare state is often associated with the distribution of existing resources to the public, either in cash or in the form of certain (cash benefits or benefits in kind). The concept of well-being are closely linked to socio-economic policy of working to realize the people's welfare in general. Some of the most urgent areas for attention in welfare policy is a matter of education, health and employment. In general, a country can be classified as a welfare state if it has four main pillars, namely: (1) social citizenship; (2) full democracy; (3) modern industrial relations systems; and (4) the rights to education and the expansion of modern mass Educations systems.Keywords : market failure, state failure, welfare state
Pengembangan Sistem Reservasi Hotel Berbasis Mobile dengan Framework JQuery Mobile
Authors: Gat Gat 
Published: February 2018

Banyaknya informasi yang dapat akses secara online dengan menggunakan mobile tidak terlepas dari banyaknya sistem yang dikembangkan oleh perusahaan dalam mendukung aktivitas bisnisnya. Perhotelan yang ada di Pontianak juga menyediakan berbagai fasilitas yang menarik dan juga menyediakan sistem pesan kamar online. Namun permasalahan yang terjadi ketika membuka halaman website yang dibuat tidak memperhatikan kapasitas dari perangkat mobile, menyebabkan ukuran layar tidak cocok sehingga banyak pengguna yang merasa tidak nyaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan menghasilkan informasi dan reservasi hotel yang dapat diakses dengan berbagai perangkat mobile terlepas dari ukuran perangkat mobile tersebut. Sistem yang telah dibangun memberikan manfaat dan keuntungan berarti karena JQuery Mobile memungkinkan sistem ini dapat berjalan diberbagai perangkat mobile. Adanya JQuery Mobile, para pengembang tidak perlu melakukan desain user interface dan pengkodean sistem dari awal karena JQuery Mobile memiliki framework yang siap dipergunakan dan dikembangkan sesuai dengan kebutuhan dari sebuah sistem. Perbaikan dan pengembangan perlu terus dilakukan untuk memastikan fleksibilitas sistem terhadap semua perangkat mobile terutama untuk ukuran layar yang kecil dan memiliki kapasitas RAM dan prosesor yang rendah.The amount of information that can be accessed online by using the mobile is not independent of the number system developed by the company in support of business activities. Hospitality is in Pontianak also provides a range of attractive facilities and also provides online messaging system. However, problems occurred when opening web pages created are not paying attention capacity of mobile devices, causing the screen size does not fit so many users feel uncomfortable. This study aims to generate information and reservation can be accessed by a variety of mobile devices regardless of the size of the mobile device. The system has been built to provide benefits and advantages mean because JQuery Mobile enables the system to run various mobile devices. Their JQuery Mobile, the developers do not need to design the user interface and encoding system from scratch because JQuery Mobile has a framework that is ready to be used and developed in accordance with the requirements of a system. Improvement and development needs to be done to ensure system flexibility towards all mobile devices, especially for the small screen size and has a RAM capacity and processor is low.
Rancang Bangun Mobil Remote Control Android dengan Arduino
Authors: Widiyanto Andi , Nuryanto Nuryanto 
Published: February 2018

Peralatan elektronik hampir tidak dapat lepas dari kehidupan manusia untuk meningkatkan kemudahan dan kenyamanan dalam pemenuhan kebutuhannya. Aktifitas sehari-hari banyak dilakukan melalui smartphone sebagai alat yang hampir selalu dalam genggaman. Saat ini banyak alat elektronik yang dikendalikan hanya dengan menekan tombol remote. Perkembangan teknologi microcontroller seperti Arduino dapat diintegrasikan dengan alat yang lain, bukan hanya dengan robot saja. Penelitian ini membuat smartphone terhubung dengan mikrokontroler arduino yang digunakan sebagai pengendali alat elektronik. Obyek yang digunakan adalah mobil remote control mainan (RC Car). Metode penelitian yang dilakukan adalah studi literatur dan experiment. Arduino diprogram menggunakan bahasa C untuk menjalankan motor supaya bergerak sesuai dengan data masukan yang dikirimkan melalui Android. Penelitian ini menghasilkan prototype model sebuah alat elektronik yang dikendalikan dengan smartphone Android melalui koneksi bluetooth. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa kecepatan pairing Android-Arduino lebih dipengaruhi versi android dibandingkan hardware yang terpasang. Jarak antara Arduino-Android tidak berpengaruh besar terhadap kecepatanproses pairing.Electronic equipment can hardly be separated from human life is being used to improve the ease and comfort in the fulfillment of their needs. Daily activities mostly done via smartphone as a device that is nearly always in hand. Today, many electronic devices are controlled simply by pressing the remote button. Technological developments such as the Arduino microcontroller can be integrated with other tools, not only with robots. The objective of this research is to make a smartphone connected to Arduino microcontroller as the electronic appliance controller. Object that was used is a car remote control toys (RC Car). The research method conducted was literature study and experiment. Arduino was programmed using C language to run the motor to move according to the input data that was sent through the android. This research resulted in prototype model of an electronic device that is controlled by android smartphone via a Bluetooth connection. Test results showed that the speed of pairing Android-Arduino was influenced more by the android version than the installed hardware. The distance between the Arduino-Android did not greatly affect the speed of the pairing process.