bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feasibility, safety, and outcome of recanalization treatment in childhood stroke
Authors: Bigi Sandra , Dulcey Andrea , Gralla Jan , Bernasconi Corrado , Melliger Amber , Datta Alexandre N. , Arnold Marcel , Kaesmacher Johannes , Fluss Joel , Hackenberg Annette , Maier Oliver , Weber Johannes , Poloni Claudia , Fischer Urs , Steinlin Maja 
Published: April 2018

ObjectiveIntravenous thrombolysis and endovascular therapy (IVT/EVT) are evidence‐based treatments for adults with arterial ischemic stroke (AIS). However, randomized controlled trials in pediatric patients are lacking. This study aimed to describe feasibility, safety, and outcome of IVT/EVT in children with AIS.MethodsThis retrospective study (01/2000–12/2015) included a multicenter, population‐based consecutive cohort of patients aged 1 month to 16 years, diagnosed with AIS and presenting with pediatric National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (pedNIHSS) ≥ 4. Clinical and radiological data of patients receiving IVT/EVT were compared to those receiving standard care (SC) using linear regression to adjust for potential confounders. EVT included intra‐arterial thrombolysis and/or mechanical thrombectomy. Outcome was assessed 6 months after stroke using the pediatric stroke outcome measure (PSOM).ResultsOverall, 150 patients (age 7.1 ± 4.9 years, 55 [37%] females) presented with pedNIHSS ≥ 4. Recanalization treatment was performed in 16 (11%), of whom 5 (3%) were treated with IVT and 11 (7%) with EVT. Patients receiving recanalization treatment were older (mean age = 11.0 vs 6.9 years, p = 0.01) and more severely affected (median pedNIHSS = 13.5 vs 8.0, p < 0.001). Death and bleeding complications did not differ between the 2 groups. Median (interquartile range) PSOM 6 months after AIS was 2.5 (1–4.3) and 1 (0–2) in the IVT/EVT and SC groups, respectively (p = 0.014). However, after multiple linear regression analysis, only higher baseline pedNIHSS remained associated with an unfavorable outcome (p < 0.001).InterpretationRecanalization treatment is feasible and seems to be safe in severely affected pediatric AIS patients. The assessment of efficacy of IVT/EVT in pediatric stroke patients requires larger studies. Ann Neurol 2018;83:1125–1132
Somatic SLC35A2 variants in the brain are associated with intractable neocortical epilepsy
Authors: Winawer Melodie R. , Griffin Nicole G. , Samanamud Jorge , Baugh Evan H. , Rathakrishnan Dinesh , Ramalingam Senthilmurugan , Zagzag David , Schevon Catherine A. , Dugan Patricia , Hegde Manu , Sheth Sameer A. , McKhann Guy M. , Doyle Werner K. , Grant Gerald A. , Porter Brenda E. , Mikati Mohamad A. , Muh Carrie R. , Malone Colin D. , Bergin Ann Marie R. , Peters Jurriaan M. , McBrian Danielle K. , Pack Alison M. , Akman Cigdem I. , LaCoursiere Christopher M. , Keever Katherine M. , Madsen Joseph R. , Yang Edward , Lidov Hart G. W. , Shain Catherine , Allen Andrew S. , Canoll Peter D. , Crino Peter B. , Poduri Annapurna H. , Heinzen Erin L. 
Published: April 2018

ObjectiveSomatic variants are a recognized cause of epilepsy‐associated focal malformations of cortical development (MCD). We hypothesized that somatic variants may underlie a wider range of focal epilepsy, including nonlesional focal epilepsy (NLFE). Through genetic analysis of brain tissue, we evaluated the role of somatic variation in focal epilepsy with and without MCD.MethodsWe identified somatic variants through high‐depth exome and ultra–high‐depth candidate gene sequencing of DNA from epilepsy surgery specimens and leukocytes from 18 individuals with NLFE and 38 with focal MCD.ResultsWe observed somatic variants in 5 cases in SLC35A2, a gene associated with glycosylation defects and rare X‐linked epileptic encephalopathies. Nonsynonymous variants in SLC35A2 were detected in resected brain, and absent from leukocytes, in 3 of 18 individuals (17%) with NLFE, 1 female and 2 males, with variant allele frequencies (VAFs) in brain‐derived DNA of 2 to 14%. Pathologic evaluation revealed focal cortical dysplasia type Ia (FCD1a) in 2 of the 3 NLFE cases. In the MCD cohort, nonsynonymous variants in SCL35A2 were detected in the brains of 2 males with intractable epilepsy, developmental delay, and magnetic resonance imaging suggesting FCD, with VAFs of 19 to 53%; Evidence for FCD was not observed in either brain tissue specimen.InterpretationWe report somatic variants in SLC35A2 as an explanation for a substantial fraction of NLFE, a largely unexplained condition, as well as focal MCD, previously shown to result from somatic mutation but until now only in PI3K‐AKT‐mTOR pathway genes. Collectively, our findings suggest a larger role than previously recognized for glycosylation defects in the intractable epilepsies. Ann Neurol 2018
Stabilization of epoxidized soybean oil‐plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) blends via thermal curing with genistein
Authors: Buddhiranon Sasiwimon , Chang Teng , Tang Kangli , Kyu Thein 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACTIn an effort to alleviate the well‐known toxicity effect of phthalate derivatives on human health, genistein (G) modified epoxidized soybean oil (ESBO) has been investigated as an alternative “green” plasticizer for poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) with potential application in medical products. As evidenced by a single glass transition that shifts systematically with composition in conjunction with the melting point depression of G crystals, ESBO is not only a good plasticizer to PVC, but also miscible with G. Moreover, ESBO is an excellent compatibilizer to the immiscible PVC/G pair. Furthermore, PVC/ESBO/G ternary blends revealed complete miscibility in the amorphous state. Of particular interest is that ESBO‐plasticized PVC is thermally curable with G at elevated temperatures above 220 °C and affords relatively stable G modified ESBO‐plasticized PVC for blood contact medical applications such as blood bags and hemodialysis tubings. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46472.
Light‐Induced Bending of Needle‐Like Crystals of Naphthylvinylbenzoxazole Triggered by trans–cis Isomerization
Authors: Peng Jiang , Zhao Jinyu , Ye Kaiqi , Gao Hongqiang , Sun Jingbo , Lu Ran 
Published: April 2018

AbstractNew diarylethene derivatives containing benzoxazole (NBO) and benzothiazole (NBT) have been synthesized. Light‐induced trans–cis isomerization of NBO and NBT took place in crystals, and only induced the needle‐like crystals of NBO to bend backwards away from the UV light source. The movement of the atoms was deemed to take place during the isomerization of NBO; hence, strain would be produced and accumulated rapidly in the surface of crystals exposed to UV light. The uniform release of strain led to the bending of needle‐like crystals. The light‐induced trans–cis isomerization efficiency of NBT was too low to drive the motion of crystals, which might have originated from the large repulsion between naphthyl and benzothiazole. These results provide a new platform for the transformation of light energy into mechanical energy in molecular crystals through the unimolecular photochemical reaction of diarylethene derivatives.
Randomized, controlled study of bleselumab (ASKP1240) pharmacokinetics and safety in patients with moderate‐to‐severe plaque psoriasis
Authors: Anil Kumar Mysore S. , Papp Kim , Tainaka Ryo , Valluri Udaya , Wang Xuegong , Zhu Tong , Schwabe Christian 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThis study evaluated the pharmacokinetics (PK), efficacy, safety, and tolerability of bleselumab – a fully‐human anti‐CD40 monoclonal recombinant IgG4. Patients with moderate‐to‐severe psoriasis were randomized on day 1 to receive bleselumab or placebo on days 1, 15 and 29 in a dose‐escalation of bleselumab at 0.1, 0.3, 1.0 or 3.0 mg/kg. The safety‐analysis set (SAF) and full‐analysis set (FAS) included all patients who received bleselumab or placebo, and the PK‐analysis set (PKAS) included patients in the SAF with ≥1 quantifiable serum bleselumab concentration. Serial blood samples were collected after each dose, and the bleselumab serum concentration was measured. After each dose, the area‐under‐the‐concentration–time curve over 336 hours (AUC336) and the maximum serum concentration (Cmax), and dose proportionality of AUC336 and Cmax were determined. The psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) score, the physician static global assessment (PSGA) score, the percentage body surface area (%BSA) affected with psoriasis, adverse events and laboratory parameters were assessed. Sixty patients were randomized and included in the SAF/FAS (bleselumab, n = 49; placebo, n = 11); 48 formed the PKAS. Bleselumab Cmax and AUC336 were more than dose proportional in the range 0.1–3.0 mg/kg, suggesting nonlinear PK after single/multiple doses. No clinically significant infusion reactions, cytokine‐release syndrome, or thromboembolic events were reported. Bleselumab did not improve the PASI scores, PSGA scores, or %BSA versus placebo. Transient elevation of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels by >3 × upper limit of normal were observed in four (8.2%) and two (4.1%) patients, respectively, in the 1.0 or 3.0 mg/kg groups. Patients with liver function test increases had no concurrent changes in bilirubin. Bleselumab demonstrated nonlinear PK after single and multiple doses, with few adverse reactions.
Population pharmacokinetics of gliclazide in normal and diabetic rabbits
Authors: Shaik Mastan , Shaik Shabana , Kilari Eswar Kumar 
Published: April 2018

AbstractGliclazide is a second‐generation sulphonylurea drug widely used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. However, there is no single report to describe the population pharmacokinetics of gliclazide in animal models. This study was aimed to evaluate the population pharmacokinetics (PK) of gliclazide in normal and alloxan‐induced diabetic rabbits using nonlinear mixed effects modeling. A total of 90 New Zealand white rabbits were administered with three doses (4.13, 8.27 and 16.53 mg/kg b.wt) of gliclazide by an oral route. Blood samples were collected up to 24 hr and the gliclazide concentrations in rabbit were determined using the HPLC method. The non‐compartmental and classical compartmental PK analyses were performed using Phoenix WinNonlin. Population PK analysis of gliclazide was performed using nonlinear mixed‐effects model software NONMEM and Phoenix NLME considering the weight, age, sex, health and dose as covariates. The final population values for clearance (CL), volume of distribution (V) and the absorption rate constant (ka) were 5270 ml/hr, 55700 ml and 0.708 hr−1, respectively. The inter‐individual variability in gliclazide CL, V and ka was 16.3%, 14.9% and 26.5%, respectively. There was no significant difference between NONMEM and Phoenix NLME pharmacokinetic results. The visual predictive check and bootstrap analysis confirmed the predictive ability, model stability and precision of the parameter estimates from this model. This population PK model demonstrated that gliclazide pharmacokinetics is best described by one‐compartment model with first‐order absorption in rabbits. Body weight is a covariate that significantly influences gliclazide kinetic disposition in rabbits.
High‐efficiency affinity precipitation of multiple industrial mAbs and Fc‐fusion proteins from cell culture harvests using Z‐ELP‐E2 nanocages
Authors: Swartz Andrew R. , Xu Xuankuo , Traylor Steven J. , Li Zheng Jian , Chen Wilfred 
Published: April 2018

AbstractAffinity precipitation using Z‐elastin‐like polypeptide‐functionalized E2 protein nanocages has been shown to be a promising alternative to Protein A chromatography for monoclonal antibody (mAb) purification. We have previously described a high‐yielding, affinity precipitation process capable of rapidly capturing mAbs from cell culture through spontaneous, multivalent crosslinking into large aggregates. To challenge the capabilities of this technology, nanocage affinity precipitation was investigated using four industrial mAbs (mAbs A–D) and one Fc fusion protein (Fc A) with diverse molecular properties. A molar binding ratio of 3:1 Z:mAb was sufficient to precipitate >95% mAb in solution for all molecules evaluated at ambient temperature without added salt. The effect of solution pH on aggregation kinetics was studied using a simplified two‐step model to investigate the protein interactions that occur during mAb–nanocage crosslinking and to determine the optimal solution pH for precipitation. After centrifugation, the pelleted mAb–nanocage complex remained insoluble and was capable of being washed at pH ≥ 5 and eluted with at pH < 4 with >90% mAb recovery for all molecules. The four mAbs and one Fc fusion were purified from cell culture using optimal process conditions, and >94% yield and >97% monomer content were obtained. mAb A–D purification resulted in a 99.9% reduction in host cell protein and >99.99% reduction in DNA from the cell culture fluids. Nanocage affinity precipitation was equivalent to or exceeded expected Protein A chromatography performance. This study highlights the benefits of nanoparticle crosslinking for enhanced affinity capture and presents a robust platform that can be applied to any target mAb or Fc‐containing proteins with minimal optimization of process parameters.
Chemically controlled aggregation of pluripotent stem cells
Authors: Lipsitz Yonatan Y. , Tonge Peter D. , Zandstra Peter W. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractHeterogeneity in pluripotent stem cell (PSC) aggregation leads to variability in mass transfer and signaling gradients between aggregates, which results in heterogeneous differentiation and therefore variability in product quality and yield. We have characterized a chemical‐based method to control aggregate size within a specific, tunable range with low heterogeneity, thereby reducing process variability in PSC expansion. This method enables controlled, scalable, stirred suspension‐based manufacturing of PSC cultures that are critical for the translation of regenerative medicine strategies to clinical products.
Pharmacokinetic properties of wogonin and its herb–drug interactions with docetaxel in rats with mammary tumors
Authors: Wang Ting , Long Fangyi , Jiang Gang , Cai Hong , Jiang Qian , Cheng Kai , Hu Zhiqiang , Wang Yuxi 
Published: April 2018

AbstractDocetaxel, frequently used for the treatment of breast cancer, is mainly metabolized via hepatic cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A in humans and is also a substrate of P‐glycoprotein (P‐gp). Wogonin has been shown to be able to modulate the activities of CYPs and P‐gp, and it could serve as an adjuvant chemotherapeutic agent. However, the impacts of co‐administration of wogonin and docetaxel on their pharmacokinetics have not been studied because of a lack of an analytical method for their simultaneous measurement. In the present study, we established an HPLC–MS/MS method for simultaneous measurement of wogonin and docetaxel in rat plasma, and it was then utilized to explore the pharmacokinetics of wogonin and the herb–drug interactions between wogonin and docetaxel after their combined administration in rats with mammary tumors. The rats received 10, 20 and 40 mg/kg wogonin via oral administration, with or without docetaxel intravenously administered at 10 mg/kg, and the plasma concentrations of wogonin and docetaxel were measured using the established and validated HPLC–MS/MS method. The Cmax and AUC0–t of wogonin were proportionally increased in the dose range from 10 to 40 mg/kg, suggesting a linear pharmacokinetics of wogonin. Moreover, the Cmax and AUC0–t of docetaxel and the AUC0–t of wogonin were increased after co‐administration (p < 0.05), indicating increased in vivo exposures of both wogonin and docetaxel, which might lead to an increase in not only therapeutic but also toxic effects. Thus the alterations of pharmacokinetics should be taken into consideration when wogonin and docetaxel are co‐administered.
Use of process simulator to enhance the teaching‐learning process of flow of fluids for engineering students
Authors: de Lucas‐Consuegra Antonio , Serrano Angel , Llanos Javier 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThis manuscript shows how a commercial process simulation software such as Aspen–Hysys can be implemented to enhance the learning experience of Chemical Engineering students in Fluid Mechanics. To this end, a 15 hr practical computer lab is taught as a complement to the Fluid Mechanics lecturer classes at the end of the semester which allow to summarize in a practical way the main concepts of internal flow of fluids. We revisited here five representative learning working cases of this practical lab which includes: pressure drops calculation in pipes and conduction accidents, study of the variation of fluid properties profiles along a piping network, liquid and gases pumping energy calculation, and the study of cavitation phenomenon by the calculation of the Net Positive Suction Head (NPSH) in pumps. The proposed practical cases are also solved with the mass and energy balances equations studied in the lecturer classes to verify the obtained results which additionally are discussed according to a number of questions proposed on each practical example. The students feedback and satisfaction survey shows an overall score of the Fluid Mechanics practical course by the students of 8.2 out of 10 showing that this computer lab improves the efficiency of the Fluid Mechanics course since it let students to better understand the behavior of fluids in motion and the basic methods for the analysis and preliminary calculations of a wide variety of problems encountered in internal flow of fluids.
Length of stay following percutaneous coronary intervention: An expert consensus document update from the society for cardiovascular angiography and interventions
Authors: Seto Arnold H. , Shroff Adhir , Abu‐Fadel Mazen , Blankenship James C. , Boudoulas Konstantinos Dean , Cigarroa Joaquin E. , Dehmer Gregory J. , Feldman Dmitriy N. , Kolansky Daniel M. , Lata Kusum , Swaminathan Rajesh V. , Rao Sunil V. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractSince the publication of the 2009 SCAI Expert Consensus Document on Length of Stay Following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), advances in vascular access techniques, stent technology, and antiplatelet pharmacology have facilitated changes in discharge patterns following PCI. Additional clinical studies have demonstrated the safety of early and same day discharge in selected patients with uncomplicated PCI, while reimbursement policies have discouraged unnecessary hospitalization. This consensus update: (1) clarifies clinical and reimbursement definitions of discharge strategies, (2) reviews the technological advances and literature supporting reduced hospitalization duration and risk assessment, and (3) describes changes to the consensus recommendations on length of stay following PCI (Supporting Information Table S1). These recommendations are intended to support reasonable clinical decision making regarding postprocedure length of stay for a broad spectrum of patients undergoing PCI, rather than prescribing a specific period of observation for individual patients.
Super P Carbon Modified Lithium Anode for High‐Performance Li−O2 Batteries
Authors: Wang Jiaqi , Liu Junxiang , Cai Yichao , Cheng Fangyi , Niu Zhiqiang , Chen Jun 
Published: April 2018

AbstractRechargeable Li−O2 batteries represent a highly attractive battery technology, owing to a high theoretical energy density of 3500 Wh kg−1, but they suffer from large charging polarization and lithium anode degradation on cycling. Herein, we report a Li−O2 battery system with reduced polarization and a long lifespan, which is realized by using a novel Li@Super P composite anode integrated with lithium iodide in ether‐based electrolyte. Coating a Super P carbon layer, with an optimal thickness of approximately 30 μm, onto the lithium anode results in a lowered interface impedance and a decreased Li depositing/stripping overpotential (<15 mV) over 300 cycles at 0.3 mA cm−2. The Li−O2 batteries assembled with the Li@Super P anode and LiI additive could mitigate the detrimental shuttling effect of I3− and deliver a high reversible capacity of 1000 mAh g−1 with a median charge voltage lower than 3.3 V after 50 cycles. This study provides a simple yet effective way to protect the lithium anode and design high‐performance Li−O2 batteries.
Freestanding Non‐Precious Metal Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Evolution and Reduction Reactions
Authors: Wang Hao‐Fan , Chen Ruixuan , Feng Jingyu , Qiao Mo , Doszczeczko Szymon , Zhang Qiang , Jorge Ana Belen , Titirici Maria‐Magdalena 
Published: April 2018

AbstractCarbon and transition metals have emerged as promising candidates for many energy storage and conversion devices. They facilitate charge transfer reactions whilst showing a good stability. These materials, fabricated as freestanding electrodes pose the potential of simplified electrode manufacturing procedures whilst demonstrating excellent electrocatalytic, mechanical, and structural properties, resulting from interconnected (via chemical or van der Waals force bonded) network structures. In such freestanding configuration, the lack of a binder leads to a better conductivity, ease in the manufacturing processing, and allows a lower catalyst mass loading, all of which lead to obvious benefits. This Minireview summarizes different fabrication techniques of freestanding non‐precious‐metal oxygen electrocatalysts along with their performance towards the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and/or oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Here, we discuss electrocatalysts produced by using freestanding substrates and those obtained through the self‐assembly of different precursors. The advantages of using freestanding versus non‐freestanding configurations are also pondered. Challenges and perspectives for freestanding electrocatalysts are presented at the end of the Minireview as a guideline for future studies in the field. This work is expected to serve as inspiration for science colleagues to develop further studies into design, processing and testing strategies of freestanding low‐cost oxygen electrocatalysts.
Group 13 Complexes of Chelating N2O2n− Ligands as Hybrid Molecular Materials
Authors: Maar Ryan R. , Gilroy Joe B. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractRecent synthetic advances have afforded opportunities for the creation of a wide range of potentially tetradentate N2O2n− ligands. When combined with group 13 elements, robust functional molecular materials can be realized. This concept article describes advances surrounding group 13 complexes of selected families of N2O2n− ligands, including examples with unique chirality, sensing/detection capabilities, utility in organic electronics, and redox properties. It also highlights the bridge between fundamental main group chemistry and useful application that is being established within this research field.
A Computational Study of Chalcogen‐containing H2X…YF and (CH3)2X…YF (X=O, S, Se; Y=F, Cl, H) and Pnicogen‐containing H3X′…YF and (CH3)3X′…YF (X′=N, P, As) Complexes
Authors: McDowell Sean A. C. , Buckingham A. David 
Published: April 2018

AbstractA computational study was undertaken for the model complexes H2X…YF and (CH3)2X…YF (X=O, S, Se; Y=F, Cl, H), and H3X′…YF and (CH3)3X′…YF (X′=N, P, As), at the MP2/6‐311++G(d,p) level of theory. For H2X…YF and H3X′…YF, noncovalent interactions dominate the binding in order of increasing YF dipole moment, except for H3As…F2, and possibly H3As…ClF. However, for the methyl‐substituted complexes (CH3)2X…YF and (CH3)3X′…YF the binding is especially strong for the complexes containing F2, implying significant chemical bonding between the interacting molecules. The relative stability of these complexes can be rationalized by the difference in the electronegativity of the X or X′ and Y atoms.