bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Theoretical Literature Review on Adaptive Structuration Theory as Its Relevance to Human Resource Development
Authors: Turner John R. , Morris Mark , Atamenwan Imonitie 
Published: June 2019

The Problem Adaptive structuration theory (AST) has had little to no attention within the human resource development (HRD) literature. It is important for HRD scholars and scholar-practitioners to be concerned with how new technology initiatives impact both the individual and the organization, equally. Unfortunately, new technologies are often introduced with no consideration of its utility to the agents expected to use these new technologies, causing incompatibilities and productivity losses. The Solution AST views the duality of structure between an organization’s structural features and its human agents. This perspective enables human agents when implementing new technologies and organizational change initiatives. Also, AST provides HRD scholars and scholar-practitioners with new insight into the interactions that take place during these change initiatives, providing support for current and future research efforts. The Stakeholders It would be beneficial for HRD scholars and scholar-practitioners involved with designing, evaluating, implementing, or managing technology in the workplace.
A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Levothyroxine to Placebo in Neurologically Deceased Donors
Authors: Frenette Anne Julie , Williamson David , Williams Virginie , Lagacé Anne-Marie , Charbonney Emmanuel , Serri Karim 
Published: June 2019

Background: Although commonly prescribed, the efficacy of levothyroxine to improve heart function in neurologically deceased donors is unclear. We evaluated the feasibility of a randomized controlled trial to compare levothyroxine to placebo on the variation of left ventricular ejection fraction, in hemodynamically unstable donors. Methods: We conducted a pilot, double-blinded, randomized controlled trial. Deceased donors with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction or needing vasopressors were included. We randomized participants to a 20 μg bolus followed by a 20 μg/h infusion of levothyroxine or an identically appearing placebo. We report the proportion of recruited participants, the time to the administration of the study drug, and protocol violations. Results: Twenty-four participants (N = 24/104; 23.1%) were eligible. Five of them (N = 5/24; 20.8%) were excluded by the attending physician. Four others were not included, due to family refusal for research (n = 2/24;8.3%) and unavailability of research staff (n = 2/24; 8.3%). Fifteen participants were randomized (N = 15/104; 14.4%). Mean time between the echocardiography and the initiation of the drug was 1.73 hours, and14 (93.3%) of 15 of the participants received the drug within 2 hours after the echocardiography. We report no study violation. The study was stopped prematurely because of low recruitment. Conclusion: This pilot trial suggests that the success of a definitive randomized control trial to assess the efficacy of levothyroxine in deceased donors could benefit from a multicenter recruitment and education on the evidence surrounding the pharmacological management of organ donors. The need for consent to research interventions in deceased donors should also be clarified.
Top 10 global educational topics in stroke: A survey by the World Stroke Organization
Authors: Saini Monica , Belson Sarah , Lahiff-Jenkins Carmen , Sandercock Peter 
Published: June 2019

Aim As part of a program of work to develop an educational strategy and implementation plan for the World Stroke Organization, we conducted a survey of World Stroke Organization members (health professionals, laypersons (Stroke Support Organizations)) to identify their potential educational needs. Methods We developed a questionnaire to identify priority educational needs in consultation with the World Stroke Organization Education Committee. The World Stroke Organization invited all individual members and associated Stroke Support Organizations to complete the questionnaire via a web-based survey. Survey responses were supplemented by questionnaires emailed directly to key persons in Stroke Support Organizations and information from semi-structured telephone interviews, where necessary. The questionnaire asked respondents to prioritize topics in diagnosis, management of acute stroke, stroke care services, stroke rehabilitation, and stroke prevention. Free-text responses were assessed with word cloud. Results The online survey was completed by 264 respondents from 60 countries; 19.1% were from low- and middle-income countries, 59% were stroke specialist physicians, 28% allied health professionals or nurses, 9% Stroke Support Organizations, 4% general physicians. Fifteen Stroke Support Organizations from 11 countries responded to the emailed survey. Seven Stroke Support Organizations' members were interviewed by telephone; one was interviewed in-person. We highlight the two highest priority topics in each of the five questionnaire domains. Conclusion The 10 priority topics were all applicable in a low- or middle-income setting: setting up and delivering stroke diagnosis, treatment, rehabilitation and prevention services, and emphasized the most basic elements of care. The survey participants have identified a number of key topics that merit inclusion in stroke teaching materials and courses, especially those aimed at practitioners working in resource-limited settings.
The incidence and relative risk of adverse events in patients treated with bisphosphonate therapy for breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yang Yan-Li , Xiang Zi-Jian , Yang Jing-Hua , Wang Wen-Jie , Xiang Ruo-Lan 
Published: June 2019

Background: Adjuvant bisphosphonates reduce the rate of breast cancer recurrence in the bone and improve breast cancer survival. However, the risk of adverse events associated with bisphosphonate therapy for breast cancer remains poorly defined. Methods: A literature search was conducted using the PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane and Web of Science libraries. Risk ratio (RR) was calculated to evaluate the adverse events of the meta-analytic results. Osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) incidence was calculated using the random effect model (D+L pooled) for meta-analysis. Results: A total of 47 studies comprising 20,607 patients were included; 23 randomized controlled studies (RCTs) provided data of adverse events for bisphosphonate therapy versus without bisphosphonates. Bisphosphonates were significantly associated with influenza-like illness (RR = 4.52), fatigue (RR = 1.08), fever (RR = 1.82), dyspepsia (RR = 1.25), anorexia (RR = 1.29), and urinary tract infection (RR = 1.32). No differences were observed in other adverse events. We combined the incidence of ONJ in 24 retrospective studies to analyze the incidence of ONJ using bisphosphonates. The pooled probability of ONJ toxicity in the bisphosphonates group was 2%. Conclusions: Bisphosphonates were significantly associated with influenza-like illness, fatigue, fever, dyspepsia, anorexia, and urinary tract infection. Furthermore, bisphosphonates increase the risk of ONJ toxicity.
Validation of the Diagnostic and Prognostic Values of ADAMTS5 and FSTL1 in Osteoarthritis Rat Model
Authors: Elsadek Bakheet E. M. , Abdelghany Ahmed A. , Abd EL-Aziz Mohamed A. , Madkor Hafez R. , Abd Elrady Ahmed Ahmed , Abd-Elghaffar Sary Kh. , Elsadek Amer Alkot Mostafa 
Published: June 2019

Objective Osteoarthritis (OA) is a global public health problem and a leading cause of morbidity and disability. Due to lack of sensitive and specific tools for early OA diagnosis and predicting prognosis, the availability of new reliable and sensitive biomarkers is a widely appreciated need to identify patients at risk for incident disease or disease progression. Accordingly, our study was conducted to validate the usefulness of disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 5 (ADAMTS5) and follistatin-like protein 1 (FSTL1) to achieve this goal. Design Fifty-four male Wistar rats were randomized into 3 groups; 24 rats were subjected to medial meniscal tear (MMT) surgery on the right knee joint (OA group), 24 rats were subjected to sham surgery (sham group), and 6 healthy rats (negative control group). Six animals from each group were sacrificed every 2 weeks. At each time point, the right knee joint of each animal was visualized radiologically, a blood sample was collected, and cartilage tissues were isolated for histopathological and western blot analysis. Results We found that the expression levels of ADAMTS5 and FSTL1 significantly increased with OA progression, especially at weeks 4, 6, and 8 after surgery. Notably, the serum levels of ADAMTS5 and FSTL1 showed significant positive correlations with each other and with the studied inflammatory markers. Conclusions Our findings suggest that ADAMTS5 and FSTL1 can serve as important and informative serological markers of disease activity in OA. However, further research is needed to validate their use for improving the diagnosis and prognosis of OA in humans.
The impact of medication review with version 2 STOPP (Screening Tool of Older Person’s Prescriptions) and START (Screening Tool to Alert doctors to Right Treatment) criteria in a French nursing home: a 3-month follow-up study
Authors: Gaubert-Dahan Marie-Line , Sebouai Abdellatif , Tourid Wafaa , Fauvelle Francis , Aikpa Raoul , Bonnet-Zamponi Dominique 
Published: June 2019

Background: Improving medication appropriateness is a priority of French national campaigns in nursing homes. A pilot study was conducted to evaluate the impact of a medication review in a French nursing home with a 3-month follow up. Method: A medication review was conducted in 2015 using version 2 STOPP and START criteria. The number and type of drugs meeting a STOPP that were reintroduced and the number and type of drug meeting a START that were stopped during follow up were measured. An expert committee adjudicated whether 3-month hospitalizations and deaths were related to medication review. The impact of medication review on the cost related to drug consumption was calculated for 3 months. Results: The 52 residents (age 84 ± 9 years, 83% female) fulfilled, on average, 2 ± 1.4 of the STOPP criteria and 0.7 ± 0.6 of the START criteria. A total of 101 drugs were stopped and 34 drugs were started. Five deaths occurred during follow up and were judged as not related to medication review. Five drugs stopped were reintroduced in five residents for a rebound effect or a symptom occurrence and one resident had stopped a START medication (aspirin) for a minor adverse drug reaction. At 3 months, a gain of 20.21 ± 31.34 euros per resident was observed. Conclusion: The medication review using version 2 STOPP and START criteria and involving the physician in charge seems useful for detecting and correcting inappropriate prescribing in a nursing home.
Long-term functional outcomes after cardiac rehabilitation in older patients. Data from the Cardiac Rehabilitation in Advanced aGE: EXercise TRaining and Active follow-up (CR-AGE EXTRA) randomised study
Authors: Pratesi Alessandra , Baldasseroni Samuele , Burgisser Costanza , Orso Francesco , Barucci Riccardo , Silverii Maria Vittoria , Venturini Simone , Ungar Andrea , Marchionni Niccolò , Fattirolli Francesco 
Published: June 2019

Aim Cardiac rehabilitation promotes functional recovery after cardiac events. Our study aimed at evaluating whether, compared to usual care, a home-based exercise programme with monthly reinforcement sessions adds long-term functional benefits to those obtained with cardiac rehabilitation in the elderly. Methods After a 4-week outpatient cardiac rehabilitation, 160 of 197 patients aged 75 years and older screened for eligibility with different indications for cardiac rehabilitation, were randomly assigned to a control (C) or an active treatment (T) group. During a 12-month follow-up, C patients received usual care, while T patients were prescribed a standardised set of home-based exercises with centre-based monthly reinforcements for the first 6 months. The main (peak oxygen consumption) and three secondary outcome measures (distance walked in 6 minutes, inferior limbs peak 90° Torque strength, health-related quality of life) were assessed at baseline, at random assignment and at 6 and 12-month follow-ups with the cardiopulmonary exercise test, 6-minute walking test, isokinetic dynamometer and the Short Form-36 questionnaire, respectively. Results Both C and T groups obtained a significant and similar improvement from baseline to the end of the 4-week cardiac rehabilitation programme in the three functional outcome measures. However, at univariable and age and gender-adjusted analysis of variance for repeated measures, changes from random assignment to 6 or 12-month follow-up in any outcome measure were similar in the C and T groups. Conclusion Results from this randomised study suggest that a home-based exercise programme with monthly reinforcements does not add any long-term functional benefit beyond those offered by a conventional, 4-week outpatient cardiac rehabilitation programme. Trial registration ClinicalTrial.gov Identifier: NCT00641134.
Efficacy and safety of dimethyl fumarate in treatment-naïve Japanese patients with multiple sclerosis: Interim analysis of the randomized placebo-controlled study
Authors: Mori Masahiro , Ohashi Takashi , Onizuka Yasuhiro , Hiramatsu Katsutoshi , Hase Masakazu , Yun Jang , Matta André , Torii Shinichi 
Published: June 2019

Background The use of dimethyl fumarate has not been reported in treatment-naïve Japanese patients with relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis. Objectives The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of dimethyl fumarate in treatment-naïve Japanese patients with relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis. Methods APEX was a phase 3, multinational trial, which consisted of a 24-week, randomized (1:1), double-blind study where patients received dimethyl fumarate 240 mg or placebo twice daily, followed by an open-label extension where all patients received dimethyl fumarate 240 mg. The primary endpoints were the total number of new gadolinium-enhancing (Gd+) lesions in Weeks 12–24 (Part I) and long-term safety (Part II). This post-hoc subgroup analysis evaluated the efficacy and safety of dimethyl fumarate in treatment-naïve Japanese patients with relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis ( n=52) up to Week 72 (24 weeks Part I and 48 weeks Part II). Results Dimethyl fumarate reduced the mean total number of new gadolinium-enhancing lesions at Weeks 12–24 by 94% versus placebo; the number of patients who had a relapse over 24 weeks was reduced by 72%. Adverse events leading to discontinuation of the study drug were reported in 9% of patients receiving placebo/dimethyl fumarate and 4% of patients in dimethyl fumarate/dimethyl fumarate. Conclusions Dimethyl fumarate demonstrated sustained efficacy and acceptable tolerability in treatment-naïve Japanese patients with relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis for 72 weeks.
Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty for Geriatric Proximal Humerus Fracture Dislocation With Concomitant Nerve Injury
Authors: Gasbarro Gregory , Crasto Jared A. , Rocha Jorge , Henry Sarah , Kano Daiji , Tarkin Ivan S. 
Published: June 2019

Introduction: Preoperative axillary nerve palsy is a contraindication to reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (rTSA) due to the theoretical risk of higher dislocation rates and poor functional outcomes. Treatment of fracture-dislocations of the proximal humerus with rTSA is particularly challenging, as these injuries commonly present with concomitant neurologic and soft tissue injury. The aim of the current study was to determine the efficacy of rTSA for this fracture pattern in geriatric patients presenting with occult or profound neurologic injury. Methods: A retrospective case series of all shoulder arthroplasty procedures for proximal humerus fractures from February 2006 to February 2018 was performed. Inclusion criteria were patients aged greater than 65 years at the time of surgery, fracture-dislocations of the proximal humerus, and treatment with rTSA. Patients with preoperative nerve injuries were compared to patients without overt neurologic dysfunction. Forward elevation, Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (QuickDASH), Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and Subjective Shoulder Value (SSV) were obtained at final follow-up. Results: Forty-six rTSA for acute fracture were performed during the study period, 16 patients met the inclusion criteria and 5 (31%) presented with overt preoperative nerve injuries. At mean 3.1 years follow up, there were no postoperative complications including dislocations and final forward elevation was similar between study groups. Patients with overt nerve palsy had higher QuickDASH and VAS scores with lower SSV and self-rated satisfaction. Discussion: In the majority of patients with or without overt nerve injury, rTSA reliably restored overhead function and led to good or excellent patient-rated treatment outcomes. Overt nerve palsy did not lead to higher complication rates, including dislocation. Despite greater disability and less satisfaction, complete or partial nerve recovery can be expected in the majority of patients. Conclusion: Nerve injury following proximal humeral fracture dislocation may not be an absolute contraindication to rTSA.
Autologous osteochondral transplantation method of treatment for patellar osteochondral lesions
Authors: Akgün Erkan , Akpolat Ahmet Onur 
Published: June 2019

Purpose: This study evaluated the functional and clinical outcomes of the subjects with symptomatic osteochondral lesions on articular surface of patella, who were treated with autologous osteochondral transplantation (AOT) method. Study plan: AOT method was applied for the treatment of 14 subjects (eight men and six women; mean age 29.7 years; range 19–49 years) with symptomatic patellar osteochondral lesions between March 2008 and April 2013. After a mean follow-up period of 3.7 years (range 32–80 months), pre- and postoperative clinical and functional evaluations of the patients were performed using Visual Pain Scale (VPS), Lysholm Knee Scoring Scale, and Kujala Anterior Knee Pain Scale. Wilcoxon test was used for statistical evaluation of pre- and postoperative outcomes. Improvement of the lesions was assessed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at year 1 postoperatively at the earliest. Results: The mean lesion size was 1.32 cm2 (range 0.8–1.8 cm2). The mean pre- and postoperative VPS values were calculated to be 75.5 ± 12.32 (range 46–92) and 17.57 ± 10.21 (range 0–40), respectively ( p < 0.01). The mean pre- and postoperative Lysholm knee scores were 44.57 ± 9.35 (range 26–65) and 80 ± 6.9 (range 70–94), respectively ( p < 0.01), and the mean pre- and postoperative Kujala anterior knee pain scores were 48.21 ± 7.78 (range 38–68) and 78.42 ± 7.06 (range 70–96), respectively ( p < 0.01). MRI taken at year 1 postoperatively showed that the autograft bone tissue was sufficiently incorporated into the recipient site in all patients; an even articular surface was formed, but the thickness of the cartilage tissue was mostly uneven between the adjacency of the recipient site and the autograft, which caused no negative effect on clinical and functional outcomes. Conclusions: Despite the difference in thickness of the cartilage tissue between the recipient and the donor site, the AOT technique for the treatment of patellar osteochondral lesions resolves the symptoms of the patient and ensures an apparent functional and clinical improvement even if an articular surface could be created.
Disparities in Cost and Access by Caseload for Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair: An Analysis of 18,616 Cases
Authors: Li Lambert , Bokshan Steven L. , Mehta Shayna R. , Owens Brett D. 
Published: June 2019

Background: Surgeon caseload has been shown to affect both health and economic outcomes in arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. Although previous studies have investigated disparities in access to care, little is known about disparities between low- and high-volume surgeons and facilities. Purpose: To identify where disparities may exist regarding access to high-volume surgeons and facilities. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Univariate analysis was performed to analyze differences in the caseload between low- and high-volume surgeons and facilities. Cutoff values were set at 50 cases per year for high-volume surgeons and 125 cases annually for high-volume facilities. Multiple linear regression was then used to develop a cost model incorporating all variables significant under univariate analysis. We collected 18,616 cases with Current Procedural Terminology code 29827 (“arthroscopic rotator cuff repair”) from the 2014 Florida State Ambulatory Surgery and Services Databases. Results: A greater proportion of the caseload for low-volume surgeons and facilities was composed of patients who were of lower socioeconomic status, had government-subsidized insurance, or lived in areas with low-income ZIP codes. Low-volume surgeons and facilities also had higher total charges, higher postoperative admission rates, and lower distal clavicle excision rates ( P < .001). In our cost model, a low facility volume significantly increased costs. Subacromial decompression, postoperative admission, distal clavicle excision, male sex, and government-subsidized insurance were all significant factors for increased costs in multivariate cost analysis. Conclusion: There are disparities in access to high-volume surgeons and facilities for patients undergoing arthroscopic rotator cuff repair in Florida. Patients with a lower socioeconomic status, government-subsidized insurance, and low income all faced decreased access to these high-volume groups. High-volume surgeons and facilities were associated with lower total charges, higher rates of distal clavicle excision, and lower readmission rates. Low-volume facilities added a significant amount of cost, even when controlling for all other significant variables. It is important for providers to be aware of these disparities and work to address them in their own practices.