bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the functional form of particle number size distributions: influence of particle source and meteorological variables
Authors: Cugerone Katia , De Michele Carlo , Ghezzi Antonio , Gianelle Vorne , Gilardoni Stefania 
Published: April 2018

Abstract. Particle number size distributions (PNSDs) have been collected periodically
in the urban area of Milan, Italy, during 2011 and 2012 in winter and summer
months. Moreover, comparable PNSD measurements were carried out in the rural
mountain site of Oga–San Colombano (2250 m a.s.l.), Italy, during
February 2005 and August 2011. The aerosol data have been measured through
the use of optical particle counters in the size range 0.3–25 µm,
with a time resolution of 1 min. The comparison of the PNSDs collected in the
two sites has been done in terms of total number concentration, showing
higher numbers in Milan (often exceeding 103 cm−3 in winter
season) compared to Oga–San Colombano (not greater than 2×102 cm−3), as expected. The skewness–kurtosis
plane has been used in order to provide a synoptic view, and select the best
distribution family describing the empirical PNSD pattern. The four-parameter
Johnson system-bounded distribution (called Johnson SB or JSB) has been tested for this
aim, due to its great flexibility and ability to assume different shapes. The
PNSD pattern has been found to be generally invariant under site and season
changes. Nevertheless, several PNSDs belonging to the Milan winter season
(generally more than 30 %) clearly deviate from the standard empirical
pattern. The seasonal increase in the concentration of primary aerosols due
to combustion processes in winter and the influence of weather variables
throughout the year, such as precipitation and wind speed, could be
considered plausible explanations of PNSD dynamics.
Hurricane Arthur and its effect on the short-term variability of pCO2 on the Scotian Shelf, NW Atlantic
Authors: Lemay Jonathan , Thomas Helmuth , Craig Susanne E. , Burt William J. , Fennel Katja , Greenan Blair J. W. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract. The understanding of the seasonal variability of carbon cycling on the
Scotian Shelf in the NW Atlantic Ocean has improved in recent years;
however, very little information is available regarding its
short-term variability. In order to shed light on this aspect of
carbon cycling on the Scotian Shelf we investigate the effects of
Hurricane Arthur, which passed the region on 5 July 2014. The
hurricane caused a substantial decline in the surface water partial
pressure of CO2 (pCO2), even though the Scotian
Shelf possesses CO2-rich deep waters. High-temporal-resolution data of moored
autonomous instruments demonstrate that
there is a distinct layer of relatively cold water with low
dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) slightly above the thermocline,
presumably due to a sustained population of phytoplankton. Strong
storm-related wind mixing caused this cold intermediate layer with
high phytoplankton biomass to be entrained into the surface mixed
layer. At the surface, phytoplankton begin to grow more rapidly due
to increased light. The combination of growth and the mixing of low DIC
water led to a short-term reduction in the partial pressure of
CO2 until wind speeds relaxed and allowed for the
restratification of the upper water column. These hurricane-related
processes caused a (net) CO2 uptake by the Scotian Shelf
region that is comparable to the spring bloom, thus exerting a major
impact on the annual CO2 flux budget.
Wet season cyanobacterial N enrichment highly correlated with species richness and Nostoc in the northern Australian savannah
Authors: Williams Wendy , Büdel Burkhard , Williams Stephen 
Published: April 2018

Abstract. The Boodjamulla National Park research station is situated in the north-western Queensland dry savannah, where the climate is dominated by summer monsoons and virtually dry winters. Under shrub canopies and in between the tussock grasses cyanobacterial crusts almost entirely cover the flood plain soil surfaces. Seasonality drives N fixation, and in the savannah this has a large impact on both plant and soil function. Many cyanobacteria fix dinitrogen that is liberated into the soil in both inorganic and organic N forms. We examined cyanobacterial species richness and bioavailable N spanning 7 months of a typical wet season. Over the wet season cyanobacterial richness ranged from 6 to 19 species. N-fixing Scytonema accounted for seasonal averages between 51 and 93 % of the biocrust. Cyanobacterial richness was highly correlated with N fixation and bioavailable N in 0–1 cm. Key N-fixing species such as Nostoc, Symploca and Gloeocapsa significantly enriched soil N although Nostoc was the most influential. Total seasonal N fixation by cyanobacteria demonstrated the variability in productivity according to the number of wet days as well as the follow-on days where the soil retained adequate moisture. Based on total active days per month we estimated that N soil enrichment via cyanobacteria would be  ∼  5.2 kg ha−1 annually which is comparable to global averages. This is a substantial contribution to the nutrient-deficient savannah soils that are almost entirely reliant on the wet season for microbial turnover of organic matter. Such well-defined seasonal trends and synchronisation in cyanobacterial species richness, N fixation, bioavailable N and C fixation (Büdel et al., 2018) provide important contributions to multifunctional microprocesses and soil fertility.
En vías de desaparición. Antecedentes para entender la disminución de las artes en la formación inicial docente de educación primaria en Chile
Authors: Orbeta-Green Alejandra , Oyanedel-Frugone Rosario 
Published: April 2018

En Chile se ha puesto la mirada sobre la calidad de la educación, y una serie de reformas han comenzado a transformar el sistema escolar. Este proceso ha incorporado -como nunca antes- a las artes dentro del debate educativo. Sin embargo, poco se sabe de la formación artística que reciben los profesores generalistas. Este artículo se centra en un estudio comparado de 49 programas de Educación Básica (educación primaria), pertenecientes a 44 universidades, que buscó dilucidar el lugar de la educación artística en sus propuestas. Proponemos interrogar sus resultados desde una mirada foucaultiana, para comprender las condiciones de posibilidad del arte en la formación de profesores/as de enseñanza básica. En el estudio se elaboró, a partir de información secundaria, una tipología de la oferta y se profundizó en 10 casos de estudio. Los resultados confirman la tesis de que se está transitando hacia un “nuevo/a profesor/a generalista” en Chile, que carece de formación artística.
Ventajas y desventajas del uso adolescente de las TIC: visión de los estudiantes
Authors: Plaza de la Hoz Jesús 
Published: April 2018

Este artículo pretende conocer la percepción de estudiantes de secundaria sobre las posibilidades y problemas de la utilización de las Nuevas Tecnologías de la Información (TIC) en su experiencia extraescolar. El trabajo consiste en un estudio cualitativo, mediante la técnica de entrevista en profundidad. Participan veinte adolescentes de segundo ciclo de ESO de Aragón, de colegios de titularidad tanto pública como privada. Los resultados revelan un uso predominantemente instrumental, volcado hacia los iguales, con finalidad principalmente comunicativa, centrado en el móvil. Valoran positivamente las TIC como fuente de información para las tareas escolares; y, por supuesto, como entretenimiento. En cuanto a las desventajas cotidianas destaca la pérdida de tiempo, la dependencia excesiva y la inseguridad. Como conclusión, esta ambivalencia entre una visión positiva general y la conciencia y necesidad de un uso responsable y moderado no sólo recupera el papel de la familia y la escuela, sino que lo refuerza como guías cualificados de un aprendizaje con sentido de las TIC.
Formación inicial de docentes en educación básica para la generación de conocimiento con las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación
Authors: Llamas-Salguero Fátima , Macías Gómez Escolástica 
Published: April 2018

El cometido esencial de la educación básica es propiciar el desarrollo de las cualidades de los alumnos como personas singulares que, desde sus potencialidades genéticas, deben disponerse para la conformación de su propio conocimiento. El aprendizaje escolar debe dirigirse a entender el beneficio que supone comprender los hechos, circunstancias y fenómenos que se desarrollan en la vida, y de organizar estas informaciones desde el uso de lo que conocen y están conociendo (Macías, 2001). La enseñanza de la competencia digital exige un desarrollo progresivo y recurrente al alumno para generar conocimientos cada vez más completos. En este trabajo se presenta parte de una investigación realizada de 2012-2014 en la Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM) con una muestra de 137 maestros de 6º Educación Primaria (EP) en 50 Colegios de Educación Infantil y Primaria (CEIP) de la Comunidad de Madrid, con la finalidad de comprobar si la aplicación de la competencia digital en el proceso educativo facilita la generación de conocimiento en los alumnos de 6º EP. Se desataca que los maestros tienen desarrollada de manera incompleta la competencia digital, y hacen en el aula un uso de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC) insuficiente para contribuir al desarrollo y generación de conocimientos en los alumnos. Asimismo, la formación inicial sobre el uso didáctico de las TIC la suelen realizar de manera informal, basada principalmente en la web 1.0, y escasamente esta formación es adquirida, de manera satisfactoria en la universidad. Por tanto, se propone que en los procesos de formación de los maestros se incida más en la web 2.0 y la web 3.0. Entendemos que integrar de forma transversal en el currículo la competencia digital exige formación del maestro para que eduque a los alumnos el manejo y su uso reflexivo y responsable de las TIC.
POTENCIAL QUANTITATIVO E QUALITATIVO DE GENÓTIPOS BATATA-DOCE
Authors: Andrade júnior Valter Carvalho de , Elsayed Ahmed Youssef Abdelnabi Mohamed , Azevedo Alcinei Mistico , Santos Edson Aparecidos dos , Ferreira Marcos Aurélio Miranda 
Published: April 2018

Não há na literatura trabalhos que avaliem descritores importantes em batata-doce individualmente em ramas, raízes e em toda a planta (raízes + ramas). Esta informação detalhada é importante, pois permite a seleção dos melhores genótipos considerando a planta (raízes + ramas), tendo em vista as diferentes formas de utilização: consumo humano, animal, indústria e produção de etanol. Portanto, objetivou-se avaliar o potencial produtivo de matéria fresca, matéria seca, amido e proteína bruta em raízes, ramas e planta (ramas + raízes) de batata-doce, a fim de se identificar os genótipos superiores. Para isso, foram avaliados 40 acessos de batata-doce do banco de germoplasma da UFVJM. A produção total da batata-doce (raízes + ramas) foi alta, o que aliado a sua rusticidade e múltiplos fins realça seu grande potencial e importância. Houve grande variabilidade genética entre os acessos. Os acessos Tomba Carro 1, UFVJM (01, 28 e 40) são os mais recomendados devido as maiores produtividades de raízes, ramas e proteína bruta, sendo adequados à alimentação humana e animal. Os acessos Palmas e UFVJM (01, 04, 05, 07 e 53) podem ter maior potencial para a produção de etanol devido à maior produtividade de amido.
Humic Acid and Water Management to Decrease Ferro (Fe2+) Solution and Increase Productivity of Established New Rice Field
Authors: Herviyanti . , Prasetyo Teguh Budi , Ahmad Fachri , Saidi Amrizal 
Published: April 2018

The purpose of this research was to gain a technological breakthrough in controlling Fe toxicity (Fe2+) on Ultisol in a new established rice field by using humic acid from rice straw compost and water management, so that optimal production of rice plants could be achieved. The experiment was designed using a 2 × 4 factorials with 3 replications in a split plot design. The main plot was water management consists of 2 levels: continuous and intermittent irrigation (2 weeks flooded and 2 weeks field capacity). Small plot was humic acid which was extracted from rice straw compost by NaOH 0.5 N which consists of 4 levels: 0, 200, 400, and 600 mg kg-1. The results showed that applications of humic acid from 0 to 600 mg kg-1 that was followed by 2 weeks of intermittent irrigation decreased Fe2+ concentration. It was approaching levels that were not toxic to plants, with soil Fe2+ between 180-250 mg kg-1. The best treatment was found at the application of 600 mg kg-1 humic acid extracted from rice straw compost combined with 2 week flooded – 2 weeks field capacity of water management. Those treatment decreased Fe2+ concentration from 1,614 to 180 mg kg-1 and increased the dry weight of grain from 5.15 to 16.73 g pot-1 compared to continuous flooding and without humic acid application.
Estrutura organizacional e a formação educacional dos trabalhadores do Instituto Euvaldo Lodi de Minas Gerais
Authors: Silva Janete Fernandes 
Published: April 2018

Introdução: No mercado cada dia mais competitivo, que sofre com as grandes transformações, tem exigido das organizações ajustes nas suas estruturas internas, como também, melhor qualificação e formação educacional do trabalhador, estimulando-o a reflexão e a criatividade. Estas transformações forçam as organizações a agirem no aumento da produção e na oferta de resultados mais eficazes que permitam estruturas mais competitivas e inovadoras. Objetivo: Este artigo tem como objetivo conhecer a estrutura organizacional do Instituto Euvaldo Lodi de Minas Gerais (IEL/MG) e o nível de formação educacional dos seus trabalhadores.Metodologia: Quanto ao parâmetro metodológico utilizou-se o estudo de caso, a abordagem qualitativa e a adoção da entrevista semiestruturada. A amostra foi constituída com 100% dos gerentes sediados na cidade de Belo Horizonte e um coordenador na linha de staff do Instituto. Os encontros foram agendados previamente e as entrevistas integralmente gravadas e transcritas.Resultados: Como principal resultado, o Instituto possui gerências que estão organizadas para ajudar na ampliação da competitividade das indústrias mineiras e na busca de fortalecer as relações entre os atores tecnológicos. Observou-se que quanto maior a atuação em mercados complexos, dinâmicos e vulneráveis, maior a exigência por serviços e produtos com valor agregado, e indivíduos com formação multidisciplinares, com alto nível de formação educacional.Conclusões: Conclui-se que a estrutura organizacional do IEL/MG está em consonância com sua meta. As áreas mais sólidas são as gerências de Inteligência Estratégica, de Inovação e de Estágio Empresarial por fazerem parte do ambiente organizacional há mais tempo. A gerência de Estudos Economia está solta na estrutura do IEL e o melhor vínculo seria próximo da presidência da FIEMG; a gerência de Capacitação Empresarial não tem com clareza o que será a sua área, quais os produtos e os serviços que serão o portfólio e quais os perfis profissionais que serão necessários para a realização das atividades por ser a área mais nova no Instituto; para a gerência Centro Internacional de Negócios não importa onde a gerência esteja hierarquicamente subordinada, é preciso de infraestrutura que facilitem a implementação das atividades e que o cliente interno ou externo tenha suas necessidades e demandas atendidas.
LAS RECREACIONES HISTÓRICAS EN ARAGÓN. UN TEATRO EN AUGE
Authors: Arcega Morales Jesús Ángel 
Published: April 2018

Las recreaciones históricas en Aragón han experimentado un auge en estos primeros años del siglo XXI. Los reportes económicos, las ambiciones de conocimiento de la historia e idiosincrasia aragonesa y la voluntariedad de los habitantes de las diferentes localidades, donde se celebran dichos eventos, así como las diferentes ayudas de diferentes instituciones públicas, hacen que más de medio centenar de recreaciones, sin contar los numerosos mercados medievales, tengan lugar en Aragón.
Assessment of the Efficacy of Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy for Plantar Fasciitis with Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings
Authors: Bicer Mualla , Hocaoglu Elif , Aksoy Sema , İnci Ercan , Aktaş İlknur 
Published: April 2018

Background:Extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) has recently been used as a new treatment modality for plantar fasciitis. We aimed to determine the efficacy of ESWT by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings.Methods:Thirty patients with plantar fasciitis who had received no treatment for 6 months were included. Extracorporeal shockwave therapy was applied once a week for a total of three sessions (frequency of 12–15 Hz, 2–3 bars, and 2,500 pulses). All of the patients were assessed with the visual analog scale, a 6-point evaluation scale, the Foot and Ankle Outcome Score (FAOS), and MRI findings before and 3 months after ESWT. Visual analog scale scores were used in determining the pain level of patients in the morning, during activity, and at rest. Foot and ankle–related problems were evaluated with the FAOS.Results:The duration of painless walking according to the 6-point rating scale, the FAOS, and pain showed significant improvements after ESWT (P &lt; .05). Significant decreases in MRI findings, including thickening of the plantar fascia, soft-tissue edema, and bone marrow edema, were observed after treatment (P &lt; .05).Conclusions:Extracorporeal shockwave therapy is a safe and effective treatment that yields favorable results in improvement of pain and function for plantar fasciitis. An MRI is useful for determining response to ESWT for these patients.
Differences in Faculty and Standardized Patient Scores on Professionalism for Second-Year Podiatric Medical Students During a Standardized Simulated Patient Encounter
Authors: Mahoney James M. , Vardaxis Vassilios , Anwar Noreen , Hagenbucher Jacob 
Published: April 2018

Background:This study examined the differences between faculty and trained standardized patient (SP) evaluations on student professionalism during a second-year podiatric medicine standardized simulated patient encounter.Methods:Forty-nine second-year podiatric medicine students were evaluated for their professionalism behavior. Eleven SPs performed an assessment in real-time, and one faculty member performed a secondary assessment after observing a videotape of the encounter. Five domains were chosen for evaluation from a validated professionalism assessment tool.Results:Significant differences were identified in the professionalism domains of “build a relationship” (P = .008), “gather information” (P = .001), and share information (P = .002), where the faculty scored the students higher than the SP for 24.5%, 18.9%, and 26.5% of the cases, respectively. In addition, the faculty scores were higher than the SP scores in all of the “gather information” subdomains; however, the difference in scores was significant only in the “question appropriately” (P = .001) and “listen and clarify” (P = .003) subdomains.Conclusions:This study showed that professionalism scores for second-year podiatric medical students during a simulated patient encounter varied significantly between faculty and SPs. Further consideration needs to be given to determine the source of these differences.
Measurement of Toe-Brachial Indices in People with Subnormal Toe Pressures
Authors: McAra Sylvia , Trevethan Robert 
Published: April 2018

Background:Insufficient information exists about the nature of toe-brachial indices (TBIs) and how best to obtain them, yet their validity may be particularly important for the identification and management of peripheral artery disease and cardiovascular disease risk. We explore ways in which valid TBI measurements might be obtained.Methods:The TBI data were recorded from 97 people with subnormal toe pressures. Most people provided three TBI readings from each foot on six different occasions over a 6-month period. The foot with the lower baseline TBI was noted.Results:For most people, only small inconsistencies existed among the three readings taken from each foot on a single occasion, and there were no consistent differences based on sequence. However, for some people there were noticeable and unsystematic differences among the measures. Selecting any specific one of the three readings based on its sequential position, or averaging specific readings, did not yield TBIs that were unequivocally typical for a person, and taking the lowest reading of each set seemed to offer the most expedient solution in this context. That permitted baseline descriptive statistics to be produced for both the higher and lower pressure feet, between which there was a statistically significant TBI difference.Conclusions:Accurate and consistent TBI readings cannot be assumed for people with subnormal toe pressures, and taking only a single reading or indiscriminately averaging readings seems inadvisable. Two readings and, if they are discrepant, additional readings, are recommended for each foot, ideally on several occasions, and careful consideration should be given to determine the most representative reading for each foot. Cuff sizes and other sources of inaccuracy or distortion should not be ignored, and standardized protocols for obtaining TBIs are recommended.
O Corpo Marcado: a construção do discurso midiático sobre Zika Vírus e Microcefalia
Authors: Porto Rozeli Maria , Costa Patricia Rosalba Salvador Moura 
Published: April 2018

<p>O artigo analisa a forma pela qual as notícias referentes à epidemia do Zika Vírus e sua relação com a microcefalia foram apresentadas em plataformas digitais. Interpretamos os sentidos inscritos e a multiplicidade de discursos no que diz respeito às representações de gênero e suas imbricações sobre a saúde reprodutiva das mulheres. Utilizamos como fonte de investigação as Revistas Época e Carta Capital, e o Jornal Folha de São Paulo em suas versões on-line. Os resultados apontam diferentes vieses ideológicos na construção das notícias, constituídos a partir de discursos religiosos, morais, científicos e políticos, envolvendo temas como saúde, saneamento ambiental, violências institucionais contra as mulheres e crianças vítimas da microcefalia.</p>
Responding to Sea Level Rise: Does Short‐Term Risk Reduction Inhibit Successful Long‐Term Adaptation?
Authors: Keeler A. G. , McNamara D. E. , Irish J. L. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractMost existing coastal climate‐adaptation planning processes, and the research supporting them, tightly focus on how to use land use planning, policy tools, and infrastructure spending to reduce risks from rising seas and changing storm conditions. While central to community response to sea level rise, we argue that the exclusive nature of this focus biases against and delays decisions to take more discontinuous, yet proactive, actions to adapt—for example, relocation and aggressive individual protection investments. Public policies should anticipate real estate market responses to risk reduction to avoid large costs—social and financial—when and if sea level rise and other climate‐related factors elevate the risks to such high levels that discontinuous responses become the least bad alternative.