bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of variations in transcription of DICER and AGO2 on exacerbation of childhood B‐cell lineage acute lymphoblastic leukaemia
Authors: Piroozian Fatemeh , Bagheri Varkiyani Hoda , Koolivand Mohsen , Ansari Maryam , Afsa Masoomeh , AtashAbParvar Ali , MalekZadeh Kianoosh 
Published: May 2019

SummaryThe expression of microRNA in eukaryotic cells is subject to tightly regulated processing. The altered expression of microRNAs in a number of cancers suggests their contribution to disease pathogenesis, where processing pathways may be involved in disease pathogenesis. In the present study, we evaluated changes in the profile of two main components of microRNA biogenesis, AGO2 and DICER, and assessed their correlation with disease progression in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). To achieve this aim, 25 patients afflicted with ALL were included in the study along with 25 healthy subjects as control. The expression level of AGO2 and DICER was evaluated by real‐time PCR. The results revealed an increase in the expression of DICER and a decrease in AGO2 in patients. The correlation between the alteration levels of these genes with pathologic events was also studied. This increase or decrease proved to be directly correlated with the progression of the disease particularly in L1 to L2. According to the obtained results, it can be deduced that dysregulation in transcription of DICER and AGO2, involved in the formation of mature microRNAs in cytoplasm of ALL cancer cells, is a part of the pathological molecular mechanism implicated in the exacerbation of this malignancy. Therefore, the genes involved in microRNAs biogenesis that have been studied here could be considered as candidate prognostic markers especially in childhood ALL which will help towards a better understanding of the molecular basis of ALL.
Native and modified porcine plasma protein as wall materials for microencapsulation of natural essential oils
Authors: Samsalee Namfon , Sothornvit Rungsinee 
Published: May 2019

SummaryPorcine plasma protein (PPP) is of interest as a wall material to encapsulate lemongrass oil, turmeric oil and eucalyptus oil using emulsion technique and freeze drying. The properties of microcapsules were used to evaluate two types of wall material (native porcine plasma protein; NPPP and modified porcine plasma protein; MPPP) at two different ratios of wall material (W) and core material (C) (W:C; 4:1 and 3:1). All NPPP and MPPP emulsions showed Bingham plastic fluid flow behaviours. Moreover, MPPP microcapsules showed lower free oil content on their surface (0.10–0.50%) with higher encapsulation efficiency (91–98%). Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy showed the outstanding chemical structure of microcapsules. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy indicated holes on the surface of microcapsules encapsulated with essential oils. Both PPPs can be used as encapsulation material for natural extract and food additives to improve the food texture and as a biopolymer film to maintain the quality of food products.
Bioimpedance as an indicator in the distribution of interface pressure in vulnerable regions for pressure ulcers: A preliminary study
Authors: de Oliveira Karoline Faria , Rodrigues Letícia Pinto , Barichello Elizabeth , Chavaglia Suzel Regina Ribeiro , da Cunha Daniel Ferreira , Ferreira Maria Beatriz Guimarães , Nicolussi Adriana Cristina , de Araújo Cleudmar Amaral , Barbosa Maria Helena 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAimTo examine the influence of body mass index, bioimpedance, and skin folds on the distribution of body interface pressure in regions with the potential to develop pressure ulcers in contact with support surfaces.DesignThis was a descriptive and analytical study.MethodsTwenty healthy volunteer adults were investigated in April 2017. Body mass index, skin folds, waist circumference, bioimpedance, and interface pressure on bony prominences were investigated. Descriptive statistics and correlations were analysed.ResultsPeak pressures in the subscapular region presented moderate and significant correlations with body mass index, waist circumference, total and extracellular body water, fat‐free mass, and lean mass per body segment. The peak pressure on the right heel showed a moderate correlation with total and extracellular body water, fat‐free mass, and lean mass per segment.ConclusionThe need for multicenter research was evident, focusing on bioimpedance assessment as a risk factor for the development of pressure ulcers.
Failed Securitisation Moves during the 2015 ‘Migration Crisis’
Authors: Hintjens Helen 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe EU has tried to distinguish itself as respecting human rights in its migration policies. In 2015, mass drownings at sea of refugees from war‐torn and despotic countries like Syria and Eritrea started to rise with the end of Mare Nostrum, the Italian navy's search and rescue operation in the Mediterranean. One EU response was to declare a war on “criminal gangs” of smugglers and traffickers, reportedly responsible for the surge in refugee deaths. Equating smugglers’ activities with a “new slave trade”, this “securitization move” failed to gain legitimacy from EU publics and media. Military solutions to refugee flight continued to be proposed, and a second securitization move continued to target smugglers and traffickers, but this time the “referent object” became the West itself, and the EU.
Temporal and spatial predictions of effect of alternative fishing policies for the Gran Canaria marine ecosystem
Authors: Couce Montero Lorena , Christensen Villy , Bilbao Sieyro Alberto , Pérez González Yeray , Jiménez‐Alvarado David , Castro José J. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIn this paper we consider what may happen to the marine ecosystem of Gran Canaria Island within the 2030 horizon, if fishing strategies different from those currently in place were implemented and we evaluate the effect of, for example, reduction of recreational–artisanal fishing, limitation of catches (e.g. total allowable catches, TAC), or spatial distribution of fishing sectors. From all scenarios tested, only those that significantly reduce the high effort of the recreational fishing would allow the recovery of the most exploited stocks in the marine ecosystem in the short and medium‐term. Moreover, the best management strategy, in contribution to abundance, was obtained with a scenario that has a spatial partition of exploitation rights between artisanal and recreational fishermen and includes no‐fishing zones (NTZ). This work is a first attempt to use spatial and temporal models to assess the effectiveness of alternative fishery policies in the Canary Islands.
Diagnosis and treatment response in the asymmetric variant of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy
Authors: Lucke Ilse M. , Wieske Luuk , van der Kooi Anneke J. , van Schaik Ivo N. , Eftimov Filip , Verhamme Camiel 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe objectives were to (a) assess the diagnostic value of testing clinically affected and unaffected limbs with nerve conduction studies (NCS) in patients with the asymmetric chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) variant and to define the most useful strategy for diagnosis, and (b) describe treatment response and long‐term outcome. We performed a retrospective study and included patients with a multifocal distribution of symptoms and signs, who met the probable or definite EFNS/PNS diagnostic categories for CIDP. We included 34 patients and 32 NCS datasets were available. Of these 32 patients, 25 (78%) met the electrodiagnostic criteria for definite or probable CIDP and seven (22%) for possible CIDP. Patients fulfilling the possible electrodiagnostic criteria and a supportive criterion were considered as probable CIDP. NCS of the clinically affected forearm and leg led to a probable or definite diagnosis in 13 patients (41%). Measuring both arms up to Erb's point led to a probable or definite diagnosis in 25 patients (78%), after which NCS of both legs did not contribute to additional probable or definite diagnoses. In total, 30% of patients treated with dexamethasone and 94% of patients treated with intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIg) responded. IVIg withdrawal attempts were successful in 21% of patients. After measuring the clinically affected arm up to Erb's point, NCS of the unaffected arm to Erb's point has the highest additional diagnostic yield in patients with asymmetric CIDP. Patients seem to respond better to IVIg than to corticosteroids and long‐term treatment is often required, although IVIg withdrawal was successful in 21%.
Progranulin and beta‐catenin in psoriasis: An immunohistochemical study
Authors: Farag Azza Gaber Antar , Shoaib Mohamed Abdalmoneim , Samaka Rehab Mounir , Abdou Asmaa Gaber , Mandour Marwa Mahmoud , Ibrahim Reda Abdel Latif 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackground/ObjectivesProgranulin (PGRN) is a secreted glycoprotein that was investigated in many skin diseases. It plays an important role in inflammatory response and autophagy which could be mediated through Wnt/β‐catenin pathway. However, the role of PGRN in pathogenesis of psoriasis has not been clearly well‐known. Therefore, we aimed by this study to investigate the possible role of progranulin in psoriasis pathogenesis through evaluation of its immunohistochemical expression in lesional and perilesional skin of psoriasis patients and to investigate if its hypothesized role is mediated through β‐catenin or not.MethodsThis case‐control study was carried out on 37 patients presented with variable degrees of psoriasis vulgaris severity vs 37 age and sex‐matched apparently healthy volunteers. Psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) score was used to evaluate the severity of psoriasis. From all cases (lesional and perilesional) and controls, skin biopsies were taken for histopathological and immunohistochemical evaluation of PGRN and β‐catenin.ResultsThere was a significant stepwise upregulation of PGRN from controls (76.2 ± 11.9) to perilesional (178.7 ± 11.8) and lesional (242.7 ± 12.7) psoriatic skin (P < 0.001). PGRN expression was significantly correlated with psoriasis severity (r = 0.61; P < 0.001). β‐catenin showed a significant stepwise downregulation from control (210.0 ± 19.3) to perilesional (131.4 ± 9.2) and lesional (97.3 ± 11.5) psoriatic skin(P < 0.001). There was a significant negative correlation between PGRN and β‐catenin expression in psoriatic skin (P < 0.001).ConclusionsProgranulin has a pro‐inflammatory effect in the psoriasis pathogenesis, which could be mediated through a decreasing β‐catenin expression in psoriasis. PGRN may be used as a target for immunotherapy in psoriasis management program.
Microscopic colitis: Struggling with an invisible, disabling disease
Authors: Pihl Lesnovska Katarina , Münch Andreas , Hjortswang Henrik 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackground and aimsMicroscopic colitis causes chronic or recurrent nonbloody, watery diarrhoea, which is associated with urgency, faecal incontinence and abdominal pain. The patient's health‐related quality of life is often impaired. In microscopic colitis, health‐related quality of life has been studied using questionnaires originally constructed and validated for patients with inflammatory bowel disease. The aim of this study was to explore the impact of microscopic colitis on everyday life.Methods and resultsInductive, qualitative, semi‐structured interviews were performed with 15 persons suffering from microscopic colitis. Content analysis was used to explore the impact of the condition on everyday life. The study followed the consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research. The qualitative inductive content analysis generated one theme and five subthemes. The theme was “struggling with an invisible, disabling disease.” The five subthemes were as follows: physical experience of bowel function; associated symptoms affecting quality of life; impact of the disease on everyday life; disease‐related worry; and strategies for managing everyday life.ConclusionsThe semi‐structured interviews with persons suffering from microscopic colitis provided a wide spectrum of answers to the question of how everyday life is affected. Microscopic colitis can be a disabling life experience, and patients develop different strategies to adapt, cope and regain their previous performance level.Relevance to clinical practiceThere are new and interesting findings in our study that everyday life still remains affected even when patients are in remission. These findings have relevance in clinical practice and may create a better understanding of the patient's symptoms and situation.
Forgiveness in leader–member exchange relationships: Mediating and moderating mechanisms
Authors: Radulovic Ana B. , Thomas Geoff , Epitropaki Olga , Legood Alison 
Published: May 2019

Guided by the relationship science literature, we developed and tested a model of forgiveness in leader–member exchange (LMX) relationships across three independent studies. Study 1 utilized a sample of 254 employees from eight organizations located in four countries and showed that higher quality LMX led to higher job satisfaction and subjective well‐being via greater follower's forgiveness and subsequent follower's relational efforts. Building on Study 1, Study 2 (N = 95) adopted an experimental scenario design in order to examine the association between LMX and forgiveness as well as the moderating role of forgiveness climate. LMX was found to positively affect forgiveness, and forgiveness climate was found to be a significant moderator. Study 3 was a time‐lagged study that utilized a sample of 262 working professionals in the United States and provided support for our hypothesized model. Overall, our three studies cast light on forgiveness processes in LMX relationships and show that forgiveness can be used as a relationship maintenance strategy that yields positive outcomes.Practitioner points

Managers and HR representatives should promote forgiveness via trainings and interventions in order to gain the positive outcomes of job satisfaction and subjective well‐being following interpersonal transgressions in organizations.

Forgiveness climate can act as a contextual moderator that facilitates forgiveness in leader–follower relationships. Therefore, organizations should create environments that encourage forgiveness and relationship repair across all levels of their hierarchy.
Risk factors for development of urinary tract infection in children with nephrolithiasis
Authors: Cetin Nuran , Gencler Aylin , Kavaz Tufan Aslı 
Published: May 2019

AimNephrolithiasis is one of the causes of urinary tract infection (UTI). In this study, we investigated risk factors for UTI in children with nephrolithiasis.MethodsThe data from the patients with nephrolithiasis were evaluated in this retrospective follow‐up study. Patients with a history of UTI before admission and congenital anomaly of kidney or urinary tract were excluded. The patients were divided into two groups: patients with UTI (recurrent UTI and single UTI) and patients without UTI.ResultsA total of 599 patients were included in this study. UTI occurred in 181 (30.2%) patients. There was a positive association between the size of stone and UTI (odds ratio (OR): 1.355, P = 0.007). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the cut‐off value of the size of stone for UTI was 5.3 mm, with a sensitivity of 74.9% and a specificity of 66.1% (area under the curve: 0.572 ± 0.028, P = 0.013). The presence of a metabolic risk factor and age at diagnosis under 2 years were significantly associated with both UTI and recurrence of UTI (OR: 2.272, P = 0.021, OR: 1.809, P = 0.028, respectively, for metabolic risk factor; OR: 1.212, P = 0.041, OR: 1.122, P = 0.046, respectively, for age at diagnosis under 2 years). Hypercalciuria was significantly associated with the recurrence of UTI (OR: 1.854, P = 0.017).ConclusionsThe age at diagnosis, the presence of a metabolic risk factor and size of stone are significant risk factors for UTI in children with nephrolithiasis. The patients with idiopathic hypercalciuria, metabolic risk factor and age at diagnosis under 2 years have increased risk of recurrence of UTI.
Visceral adipogenesis inhibited by Pref‐1 is associated with peritoneal angiogenesis
Authors: Jing Ran , Feng Hao , Jiang Na , Zhang He , Fang Wei , Ni Zhaohui , Yuan Jiangzi 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTAimStudies showed an increased visceral adipose tissue and peritoneal angiogenesis in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. However, the relationship between the visceral adipose expands and peritoneal angiogenesis remains unclear.Methods
Pref‐1 (preadipocyte factor‐1) recombinant adeno‐associated virus (AAV) and control AAV were constructed. Mice were divided into four groups, mice in control and PD group were injected intraperitoneally with PBS, mice in control‐AAV‐PD were injected intraperitoneally with plaque‐forming unit (PFU) control AAV and mice in pref‐1‐AAV‐PD group were injected with PFU recombinant AAV. Two weeks later, control group was injected intraperitoneally with normal saline while other groups were injected intraperitoneally with 4.25% peritoneal dialysis fluid (PDF). Thirty days later, viscerall adipose tissue was collected and weighed. Pref‐1 protein expression was measured by Western blot, and peritoneal permeability was measured by Evans blue. Cluster of differentiation 31(CD31) immunohistochemical staining was used to detect mesenteric blood vessel number, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in serum were measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay.ResultsPref‐1 protein expression increased in pref‐1‐AAV‐PD group. Visceral adipose expanded in PD and control‐AAV‐PD group while decreased in pref‐1‐AAV‐PD group, which approves PD fluid enhance visceral adipogensis, and the process could be inhibited by Pref‐1 recombinant AAV. The reduction of peritoneal vessel number and the decrease of vascular permeability as well as down‐regulation of serum vascular endothelial growth factor observed in pref‐1‐AAV‐PD group suggested peritoneal angiogenesis could be inhibited following visceral adipose tissue reduction.ConclusionVisceral adipose expands is associated with peritoneal angiogenesis in PD treatment, and prevention of visceral adipogenesis may be an alternative way to protect the validity of peritoneum. Copyright © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sensing β‐carotene oxidation in photosystem II to master plant stress tolerance
Authors: D'Alessandro Stefano , Havaux Michel 
Published: May 2019

SummaryStressful environmental conditions lead to the production of reactive oxygen species in the chloroplasts, due to limited photosynthesis and enhanced excitation pressure on the photosystems. Among these reactive species, singlet oxygen (1O2), which is generated at the level of the PSII reaction center, is very reactive, readily oxidizing macromolecules in its immediate surroundings, and it has been identified as the principal cause of photooxidative damage in plant leaves. The two β‐carotene molecules present in the PSII reaction center are prime targets of 1O2 oxidation, leading to the formation of various oxidized derivatives. Plants have evolved sensing mechanisms for those PSII‐generated metabolites, which regulate gene expression, putting in place defense mechanisms and alleviating the effects of PSII‐damaging conditions. A new picture is thus emerging which places PSII as a sensor and transducer in plant stress resilience through its capacity to generate signaling metabolites under excess light energy. This review summarizes new advances in the characterization of the apocarotenoids involved in the PSII‐mediated stress response and of the pathways elicited by these molecules, among which is the xenobiotic detoxification.
The influence of maternal body mass index, maternal diabetes mellitus, and maternal smoking during pregnancy on the risk of childhood‐onset type 1 diabetes mellitus in the offspring: Systematic review and meta‐analysis of observational studies
Authors: Hidayat Khemayanto , Zou Sheng‐Yi , Shi Bi‐Min 
Published: May 2019

SummaryThere is emerging evidence that events occurring before and shortly after birth may be important in determining the risk of childhood‐onset type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). We aimed to summarize and synthesize the associations between maternal body mass index (BMI), maternal diabetes mellitus (DM), and maternal smoking during pregnancy and the risk of childhood‐onset T1DM in the offspring by performing a systematic review and meta‐analysis of observational studies. A random effects model was used to generate the summary risk estimates. The PubMed and Web of Science databases were searched to identify relevant observational studies. Twenty one observational studies were included in the present meta‐analysis. Compared with offspring of mothers with normal weight, offspring of women with overweight or obesity were at an increased risk of developing childhood‐onset T1DM (overweight: relative risk [RR] 1.09, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03‐1.15; obesity: RR 1.25, 95% CI, 1.16‐1.34; per 5 kg m−2 increase in BMI: RR 1.10, 95% CI, 1.06‐1.13). No association was found for maternal underweight (RR 0.92, 95% CI, 0.75‐1.13). Maternal DM was associated with an increased risk of childhood‐onset T1DM (RR 3.26, 95% CI, 2.84‐3.74). Regarding the type of maternal DM, the greatest risk of T1DM in the offspring appeared to be conferred by maternal T1DM (RR 4.46, 95% CI, 2.89‐6.89), followed by maternal gestational diabetes mellitus (RR 1.66, 95% CI, 1.16‐2.36), and lastly by maternal type 2 diabetes mellitus (RR 1.11, 95% CI, 0.69‐1.80). Additional analysis of studies comparing maternal versus paternal T1DM within the same population revealed that offspring of fathers with T1DM had a 1.5 times higher risk of developing childhood‐onset T1DM than offspring of mothers with T1DM (RR 9.58, 95% CI, 6.33‐14.48 vs. RR 6.24, 95% CI, 5.52‐7.07). Furthermore, a reduced risk of childhood‐onset T1DM was observed in infants born to mothers who smoked during pregnancy compared with infants born to mothers who did not smoke during pregnancy (RR 0.79, 95% CI, 0.71‐0.87). In summary, our findings add further evidence that early‐life events or environmental factors may play a role in modulating infants' risk of developing T1DM later in life.