bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CHIP-Family intervention to improve the psychosocial well-being of young children with congenital heart disease and their families: results of a randomised controlled trial
Authors: van der Mheen Malindi , Meentken Maya G. , van Beynum Ingrid M. , van der Ende Jan , van Galen Eugène , Zirar Anne , Aendekerk Elisabeth W.C. , van den Adel Tabitha P.L. , Bogers Ad J.J.C. , McCusker Christopher G. , Hillegers Manon H.J. , Helbing Willem A. , Utens Elisabeth M.W.J. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjective:Children with congenital heart disease and their families are at risk of psychosocial problems. Emotional and behavioural problems, impaired school functioning, and reduced exercise capacity often occur. To prevent and decrease these problems, we modified and extended the previously established Congenital Heart Disease Intervention Program (CHIP)–School, thereby creating CHIP-Family. CHIP-Family is the first psychosocial intervention with a module for children with congenital heart disease. Through a randomised controlled trial, we examined the effectiveness of CHIP-Family.Methods:Ninety-three children with congenital heart disease (age M = 5.34 years, SD = 1.27) were randomised to CHIP-Family (n = 49) or care as usual (no psychosocial care; n = 44). CHIP-Family consisted of a 1-day group workshop for parents, children, and siblings and an individual follow-up session for parents. CHIP-Family was delivered by psychologists, paediatric cardiologists, and physiotherapists. At baseline and 6-month follow-up, mothers, fathers, teachers, and the child completed questionnaires to assess psychosocial problems, school functioning, and sports enjoyment. Moreover, at 6-month follow-up, parents completed program satisfaction assessments.Results:Although small improvements in child outcomes were observed in the CHIP-Family group, no statistically significant differences were found between outcomes of the CHIP-Family and care-as-usual group. Mean parent satisfaction ratings ranged from 7.4 to 8.1 (range 0–10).Conclusions:CHIP-Family yielded high program acceptability ratings. However, compared to care as usual, CHIP-Family did not find the same extent of statistically significant outcomes as CHIP-School. Replication of promising psychological interventions, and examination of when different outcomes are found, is recommended for refining interventions in the future.Trial registryDutch Trial Registry number NTR6063, https://www.trialregister.nl/trial/5780.
Ventricular tachycardia and chest pain due to foreign body in the pericardium caused by self-injurious behaviour
Authors: Yamamoto Hidenori , Fukasawa Yoshie , Kato Taichi 
Published: August 2019

AbstractA 14-year-old girl suddenly developed ventricular tachycardia and severe chest pain during hospitalisation for trauma surgery. CT revealed a needle in the pericardium. Careful interview elicited that she had inserted the needle by herself, and Munchausen syndrome was diagnosed. This is the first report of ventricular tachycardia caused by a foreign body in a patient with Munchausen syndrome.
Recharge: a preliminary evaluation of an emotion regulation enhanced CBT-i intervention for insomnia in early adolescence
Authors: Byrne Luka , Donovan Caroline , Shiels Amy 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackground:Insomnia disorder in adolescence is prevalent, persistent and associated with adverse outcomes, including reduced quality of life. Cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia (CBT-i) has shown promise as an effective treatment for adolescents. Recent research has highlighted the role of emotion regulation in insomnia, suggesting that the inclusion of emotion regulation techniques may enhance CBT-i.Aims:To evaluate the feasibility and preliminary effectiveness of a CBT-i treatment program for insomnia in early adolescence, augmented with emotion regulation strategies, using a case-series design.Method:Three participants (mean 11.67 years) completed the program that consisted of seven, weekly individual therapy sessions and parental participation. Participants monitored their sleep daily during the intervention, and insomnia diagnostic status and severity, use of emotion regulation strategies and quality of life were assessed at baseline, post-intervention and at 6-week follow-up.Results:At post-treatment, none of the participants met criteria for insomnia and all reported statistically reliable reductions in symptoms. Improvements were maintained at follow-up for two participants. Sleep onset latency was reduced and improvements in quality of life were evident. There were no changes in the use of emotion regulation strategies following treatment. Adolescents and parents reported high program satisfaction.Conclusions:This preliminary evaluation provides support for the effectiveness of the CBT-i program tested. However, given that emotion regulation did not change and yet improvements in sleep were evident, the usefulness of augmenting the program with emotion regulation strategies requires further evaluation.
Interhemispheric Meridional Circulation During Sudden Stratospheric Warming
Authors: Laskar Fazlul I. , McCormack John P. , Chau Jorge L. , Pallamraju Duggirala , Hoffmann Peter , Singh Ravindra P. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAlthough sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) is mainly a northern high‐latitude phenomena, there are several reports of a concomitant global dynamical response throughout the mesosphere and lower thermosphere. Published reports based on model simulations so far attributed such variabilities to changes in global circulation; however, there is no clear explanation of how all these regions are physically connected during SSW events. The present investigation uses wind observations from two ground‐based specular meteor radars over northern high latitudes and midlatitudes and global winds from a high‐altitude meteorological analysis system to characterize global mesospheric circulation anomalies for major SSW events during 2010 and 2013. During these events radar observations and the reanalysis winds exhibited strong southward winds over the two northern midlatitude and high‐latitude stations. By removing seasonal variability from the high‐altitude meteorological analyses, we show that these southward wind anomalies are indeed part of a larger global‐scale circulation, which gets set up during SSW and extend from the Northern pole to low‐latitude regions of Southern Hemisphere in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere altitudes. These results also offer a possible explanation of how low‐latitude ionospheric electrodynamics are influenced by the changes in the circulation set in during SSW at high latitudes.
Multipoint Field‐Aligned Current Estimates With Swarm
Authors: Blagau A. , Vogt J. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractField‐aligned currents (FACs) are a key component of the magnetosphere‐ionosphere system, providing the transfer of energy and momentum between the distant collision‐free magnetospheric plasma and the collisional ionosphere. The European Space Agency's Swarm mission offers a unique opportunity to explore the FACs low‐altitude end by a broad range of single‐spacecraft and multispacecraft techniques. The present technical report demonstrates the application of dual‐ and three‐satellite FAC estimation methods based on the least squares approach, with the goal to enhance the use of Swarm data in exploring the high‐latitude current structures, beyond the official FAC product presently available to the end user. The dual‐satellite method presents some clear advantages since it provides stabler solutions, can be applied on a more general spacecraft configuration, and offers a robust error estimation scheme. Consequently, the method provides significantly more data near the singularity where the satellites' orbits intersect, allows FAC estimation with configurations that involves the upper Swarm satellite, or to fine tune the constellation geometry to the problem at hand. Similarly, the three‐satellite method, meant to be applied when Swarm forms a close configuration, brings additional valuable information, associated to a different (larger) scale. Moreover, it can estimate the FAC density with high time resolution when instantaneous measurements are used. The performance of the methods are thoroughly analyzed both on Swarm events and on simulated data, and the results are compared with other available methods. Particular emphasis is put on how different FAC estimation methods complement each other and provide consistent results.
Slow Slip Event On the Southern San Andreas Fault Triggered by the 2017 Mw8.2 Chiapas (Mexico) Earthquake
Authors: Tymofyeyeva Ekaterina , Fialko Yuri , Jiang Junle , Xu Xiaohua , Sandwell David , Bilham Roger , Rockwell Thomas K. , Blanton Chelsea , Burkett Faith , Gontz Allen , Moafipoor Shahram 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObservations of shallow fault creep reveal increasingly complex time‐dependent slip histories that include quasi‐steady creep and triggered as well as spontaneous accelerated slip events. Here we report a recent slow slip event on the southern San Andreas fault triggered by the 2017 Mw8.2 Chiapas (Mexico) earthquake that occurred 3,000 km away. Geodetic and geologic observations indicate that surface slip on the order of 10 mm occurred on a 40‐km‐long section of the southern San Andreas fault between the Mecca Hills and Bombay Beach, starting minutes after the Chiapas earthquake and continuing for more than a year. Both the magnitude and the depth extent of creep vary along strike. We derive a high‐resolution map of surface displacements by combining Sentinel‐1 Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar acquisitions from different lines of sight. Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar‐derived displacements are in good agreement with the creepmeter data and field mapping of surface offsets. Inversions of surface displacement data using dislocation models indicate that the highest amplitudes of surface slip are associated with shallow (<1 km) transient slip. We performed 2‐D simulations of shallow creep on a strike‐slip fault obeying rate‐and‐state friction to constrain frictional properties of the top few kilometers of the upper crust that can produce the observed behavior.
Southern Hemisphere Atmospheric Blocking in CMIP5 and Future Changes in the Australia‐New Zealand Sector
Authors: Patterson Matthew , Bracegirdle Thomas , Woollings Tim 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMany general circulation models fail to capture the observed frequency of atmospheric blocking events in the Northern Hemisphere; however, few studies have examined models in the Southern Hemisphere and those studies that have, have often been based on only a few models. To provide a comprehensive view of how the current generation of coupled general circulation models performs in the Southern Hemisphere and how blocking frequency changes under enhanced greenhouse gas forcing, we examine the output of 23 models from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5). We find that models have differing biases during winter, when blocking occurrence is highest, though models underestimate blocking frequency south of Australia during summer. We show that models generally have a reduction in blocking frequency with future anthropogenic forcing, particularly in the Australia‐New Zealand sector with the number of winter blocked days reduced by about one third by the end of the 21st century.
Infragravity Wave Generation by Wind Gusts
Authors: Vrećica T. , Soffer R. , Toledo Y. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThrough the analysis of propagation times of infragravity wave packets along ray paths, reanalysis data, and our field measurements in the East Mediterranean, we find evidence of deep water infragravity wave generation by offshore storms. We confirmed the results also using deep water pressure cell measurements in the Pacific. The known nearshore generation mechanism showed large discrepancies with the observed infragravity energy near Aogashima, Japan, during winter. A new model of deep water infragravity wave generation is developed, based on nonlinear interactions of wind wave triads with submesoscale wind oscillations. The observed underprediction of infragravity waves is resolved using this new gustiness‐based model. The new source term is found to be of importance during strong storms in the open ocean and underlines the importance of accounting for submesoscale wind oscillations in wind wave models.
Longitudinal Versus Lateral Estuarine Dynamics and Their Role in Tidal Stratification Patterns in Lower South San Francisco Bay
Authors: Hoang Olivia , Stacey Mark , Senn David , Holleman Rusty , MacVean Lissa 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe dynamics of shoal‐channel estuaries require consideration of lateral gradients and transport, which can create significant intratidal variability in stratification and circulation. When the shoal‐channel system is strongly coupled by tidal exchange with mudflats, marshes, or other habitats, the gradients driving intratidal stratification variations are expected to intensify. To examine this dynamic, hydrodynamic data were collected from 27 January 2017 to 10 February 2017 in Lower South San Francisco Bay, a small subembayment fringed by extensive shallow vegetated habitats. During this deployment, salinity variations were captured through instrumentation of six stations (arrayed longitudinally and laterally) allowing for mechanisms of stratification creation and destruction to be calculated directly and compared with observed time variability of stratification at the central station. We present observation‐based calculations of longitudinal straining, longitudinal advection, lateral straining, and lateral advection. The time dependence of stratification was observed directly and calculated by summing measured longitudinal and lateral mechanisms. We found that the stratification dynamics switch between being longitudinally dominated during the middle of ebb and flood tides to being laterally dominated during the tidal transitions. This variability is driven by the interplay between tidally variable lateral density gradients and turbulent mixing. Relatively constant along‐estuary density gradients are differentially advected during flood and ebb tides, resulting in maximal lateral density gradients around tidal transitions. Simultaneous decrease in turbulent mixing at slack tides allows lateral density‐driven exchange to stratify the estuary channel at the slack after flood. At the end of ebb, barotropic forcing drives negatively buoyant shoal waters toward the channel.
Sensitivity of Coarse‐Scale Snow‐Free Land Surface Shortwave Albedo to Topography
Authors: Hao Dalei , Wen Jianguang , Xiao Qing , Lin Xingwen , You Dongqin , Tang Yong , Liu Qiang , Zhang Sisi 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAs a widespread landscape, rugged terrain significantly distorts the land surface albedo. Simply neglecting the topographic effects in the land surface albedo modeling and retrievals can lead to large biases and uncertainties over rugged terrain. In spite of gradually increasing research about the topographic effects on the albedo, the albedo sensitivities over rugged terrain to different variables remain unclear. In this paper, the sensitivities of coarse‐scale snow‐free albedo to topography were quantitatively investigated using the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) land surface albedo data and the variance‐based global sensitivity analysis based on a well‐established mechanistically‐based land surface albedo parameterized model over rugged terrain. The results based on the MODIS data revealed that MODIS land surface albedo over the Tibetan Plateau was highly sensitive to the topographic distribution, and the differences of the spatially averaged snow‐free black‐sky albedos over grasslands induced by different terrain could reach up to 0.10 in winter. The topographic effects on MODIS albedo are tightly relevant to the land cover type, solar illumination geometries, and vegetation characteristics. The global sensitivity analysis results underscored that topography was an important driving factor of the snow‐free albedo, and it accounted for more than 30% of the total variance, respectively. These results highlight the necessities for the topographic consideration in the land surface albedo modeling and retrievals even though the terrain is gentle (10–20°) and advance our understanding of the albedo sensitivities to different variables over rugged terrain, which will facilitate the improvement of land surface albedo parameterization in the land surface models.
Global change-driven use of onshore habitat impacts polar bear faecal microbiota
Authors: Watson Sophie E , Hauffe Heidi C , Bull Matthew J , Atwood Todd C , McKinney Melissa A , Pindo Massimo , Perkins Sarah E 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The gut microbiota plays a critical role in host health, yet remains poorly studied in wild species. Polar bears (Ursus maritimus), key indicators of Arctic ecosystem health and environmental change, are currently affected by rapid shifts in habitat that may alter gut homeostasis. Declining sea ice has led to a divide in the southern Beaufort Sea polar bear subpopulation such that an increasing proportion of individuals now inhabit onshore coastal regions during the open-water period (‘onshore bears’) while others continue to exhibit their typical behaviour of remaining on the ice (‘offshore bears’). We propose that bears that have altered their habitat selection in response to climate change will exhibit a distinct gut microbiota diversity and composition, which may ultimately have important consequences for their health. Here, we perform the first assessment of abundance and diversity in the faecal microbiota of wild polar bears using 16S rRNA Illumina technology. We find that bacterial diversity is significantly higher in onshore bears compared to offshore bears. The most enriched OTU abundance in onshore bears belonged to the phylum Proteobacteria, while the most depleted OTU abundance within onshore bears was seen in the phylum Firmicutes. We conclude that climate-driven changes in polar bear land use are associated with distinct microbial communities. In doing so, we present the first case of global change mediated alterations in the gut microbiota of a free-roaming wild animal.
Tundra microbial community taxa and traits predict decomposition parameters of stable, old soil organic carbon
Authors: Hale Lauren , Feng Wenting , Yin Huaqun , Guo Xue , Zhou Xishu , Bracho Rosvel , Pegoraro Elaine , Penton C Ryan , Wu Liyou , Cole James , Konstantinidis Konstantinos T , Luo Yiqi , Tiedje James M , Schuur Edward A G , Zhou Jizhong 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The susceptibility of soil organic carbon (SOC) in tundra to microbial decomposition under warmer climate scenarios potentially threatens a massive positive feedback to climate change, but the underlying mechanisms of stable SOC decomposition remain elusive. Herein, Alaskan tundra soils from three depths (a fibric O horizon with litter and course roots, an O horizon with decomposing litter and roots, and a mineral-organic mix, laying just above the permafrost) were incubated. Resulting respiration data were assimilated into a 3-pool model to derive decomposition kinetic parameters for fast, slow, and passive SOC pools. Bacterial, archaeal, and fungal taxa and microbial functional genes were profiled throughout the 3-year incubation. Correlation analyses and a Random Forest approach revealed associations between model parameters and microbial community profiles, taxa, and traits. There were more associations between the microbial community data and the SOC decomposition parameters of slow and passive SOC pools than those of the fast SOC pool. Also, microbial community profiles were better predictors of model parameters in deeper soils, which had higher mineral contents and relatively greater quantities of old SOC than in surface soils. Overall, our analyses revealed the functional potential of microbial communities to decompose tundra SOC through a suite of specialized genes and taxa. These results portray divergent strategies by which microbial communities access SOC pools across varying depths, lending mechanistic insights into the vulnerability of what is considered stable SOC in tundra regions.
Recurrent stress across life may improve cognitive performance in individual rats, suggesting the induction of resilience
Authors: Hadar Ravit , Edemann-Callesen Henriette , Hlusicka Elizabeth Barroeta , Wieske Franziska , Vogel Martin , Günther Lydia , Vollmayr Barbara , Hellweg Rainer , Heinz Andreas , Garthe Alexander , Winter Christine 
Published: August 2019

AbstractDepressive symptoms are often accompanied by cognitive impairments and recurrent depressive episodes are discussed as a potential risk for dementia. Especially, stressful life events are considered a potent risk factor for depression. Here, we induced recurrent stress-induced depressive episodes over the life span of rats, followed by cognitive assessment in the symptom-free period. Rats exposed to stress-induced depressive episodes learned faster than control rats. A high degree of stress-induced depressive-like behavior early in the paradigm was a predictor of improved cognitive performance, suggesting induction of resilience. Subsequently, exposure to lorazepam prior to stress-induced depressive episodes and cognitive testing in a nonaversive environment prevented the positive effect. This indicates a beneficial effect of the stress-associated situation, with the existence of individual coping abilities. Altogether, stress may in some have a beneficial effect, yet for those individuals unable to tackle these aversive events, consecutive unpleasant episodes may lead to worse cognitive performance later in life.
Fecal microbiota transplantation alleviated Alzheimer’s disease-like pathogenesis in APP/PS1 transgenic mice
Authors: Sun Jing , Xu Jingxuan , Ling Yi , Wang Fangyan , Gong Tianyu , Yang Changwei , Ye Shiqing , Ye Keyue , Wei Dianhui , Song Ziqing , Chen Danna , Liu Jiaming 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common dementia in the elderly. Treatment for AD is still a difficult task in clinic. AD is associated with abnormal gut microbiota. However, little is known about the role of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in AD. Here, we evaluated the efficacy of FMT for the treatment of AD. We used an APPswe/PS1dE9 transgenic (Tg) mouse model. Cognitive deficits, brain deposits of amyloid-β (Aβ) and phosphorylation of tau, synaptic plasticity as well as neuroinflammation were assessed. Gut microbiota and its metabolites short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing and1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Our results showed that FMT treatment could improve cognitive deficits and reduce the brain deposition of amyloid-β (Aβ) in APPswe/PS1dE9 transgenic (Tg) mice. These improvements were accompanied by decreased phosphorylation of tau protein and the levels of Aβ40 and Aβ42. We observed an increases in synaptic plasticity in the Tg mice, showing that postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD-95) and synapsin I expression were increased after FMT. We also observed the decrease of COX-2 and CD11b levels in Tg mice after FMT. We also found that FMT treatment reversed the changes of gut microbiota and SCFAs. Thus, FMT may be a potential therapeutic strategy for AD.