bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bioinspired Photonic Pigments from Colloidal Self‐Assembly
Authors: Goerlitzer Eric S. A. , Klupp Taylor Robin N. , Vogel Nicolas 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe natural world is a colorful environment. Stunning displays of coloration have evolved throughout nature to optimize camouflage, warning, and communication. The resulting flamboyant visual effects and remarkable dynamic properties, often caused by an intricate structural design at the nano‐ and microscale, continue to inspire scientists to unravel the underlying physics and to recreate the observed effects. Here, the methodologies to create bioinspired photonic pigments using colloidal self‐assembly approaches are considered. The physics governing the interaction of light with structural features and natural examples of structural coloration are briefly introduced. It is then outlined how the self‐assembly of colloidal particles, acting as wavelength‐scale building blocks, can be particularly useful to replicate coloration from nature. Different coloration effects that result from the defined structure of the self‐assembled colloids are introduced and it is highlighted how these optical properties can be translated into photonic pigments by modifications of the assembly processes. The importance of absorbing elements, as well as the role of surface chemistry and wettability to control structural coloration is discussed. Finally, approaches to integrate dynamic control of coloration into such self‐assembled photonic pigments are outlined.
Tailoring Materials for Mottronics: Excess Oxygen Doping of a Prototypical Mott Insulator
Authors: Scheiderer Philipp , Schmitt Matthias , Gabel Judith , Zapf Michael , Stübinger Martin , Schütz Philipp , Dudy Lenart , Schlueter Christoph , Lee Tien‐Lin , Sing Michael , Claessen Ralph 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe Mott transistor is a paradigm for a new class of electronic devices—often referred to by the term Mottronics—which are based on charge correlations between the electrons. Since correlation‐induced insulating phases of most oxide compounds are usually very robust, new methods have to be developed to push such materials right to the boundary to the metallic phase in order to enable the metal–insulator transition to be switched by electric gating. Here, it is demonstrated that thin films of the prototypical Mott insulator LaTiO3 grown by pulsed laser deposition under oxygen atmosphere are readily tuned by excess oxygen doping across the line of the band‐filling controlled Mott transition in the electronic phase diagram. The detected insulator to metal transition is characterized by a strong change in resistivity of several orders of magnitude. The use of suitable substrates and capping layers to inhibit oxygen diffusion facilitates full control of the oxygen content and renders the films stable against exposure to ambient conditions. These achievements represent a significant advancement in control and tuning of the electronic properties of LaTiO3+x thin films making it a promising channel material in future Mottronic devices.
A Magnetic‐Field Guided Interface Coassembly Approach to Magnetic Mesoporous Silica Nanochains for Osteoclast‐Targeted Inhibition and Heterogeneous Nanocatalysis
Authors: Wan Li , Song Hongyuan , Chen Xiao , Zhang Yu , Yue Qin , Pan Panpan , Su Jiacan , Elzatahry Ahmed A. , Deng Yonghui 
Published: May 2018

Abstract1D core–shell magnetic materials with mesopores in shell are highly desired for biocatalysis, magnetic bioseparation, and bioenrichment and biosensing because of their unique microstructure and morphology. In this study, 1D magnetic mesoporous silica nanochains (Fe3O4@nSiO2@mSiO2 nanochain, Magn‐MSNCs named as FDUcs‐17C) are facilely synthesized via a novel magnetic‐field‐guided interface coassembly approach in two steps. Fe3O4 particles are coated with nonporous silica in a magnetic field to form 1D Fe3O4@nSiO2 nanochains. A further interface coassembly of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and silica source in water/n‐hexane biliquid system leads to 1D Magn‐MSNCs with core–shell–shell structure, uniform diameter (≈310 nm), large and perpendicular mesopores (7.3 nm), high surface area (317 m2 g−1), and high magnetization (34.9 emu g−1). Under a rotating magnetic field, the nanochains with loaded zoledronate (a medication for treating bone diseases) in the mesopores, show an interesting suppression effect of osteoclasts differentiation, due to their 1D nanostructure that provides a shearing force in dynamic magnetic field to induce sufficient and effective reactions in cells. Moreover, by loading Au nanoparticles in the mesopores, the 1D Fe3O4@nSiO2@mSiO2‐Au nanochains can service as a catalytically active magnetic nanostirrer for hydrogenation of 4‐nitrophenol with high catalytic performance and good magnetic recyclability.
Conversion of Carbon Dots from Fluorescence to Ultralong Room‐Temperature Phosphorescence by Heating for Security Applications
Authors: Jiang Kai , Wang Yuhui , Cai Congzhong , Lin Hengwei 
Published: May 2018

AbstractStimuli‐responsive optical materials have received tremendous interest in the last several decades due to their numerous promising applications. Here, fluorescence emissive polymer carbon dots (F‐CDs), prepared with a simple heating treatment from ethylenediamine and phosphoric acid, are found to produce unexpected ultralong room‐temperature phosphorescence (URTP), which lasts for about 10 s with a lifetime of 1.39 s. This is the first example to achieve the conversion of a fluorescence material to URTP by means of an external heating stimulus. Further investigations reveal that the doping of N and P elements and self‐immobilization of the excited triplet species are likely mainly responsible for the observed URTP after the heating treatment, due to the facilitation of the intersystem crossing and formation of more compact cores for effective intraparticle hydrogen bonds, respectively. Importantly, this study also demonstrates the potential for aqueous dispersion of the F‐CDs as an advanced security ink for information encryption and anticounterfeiting; this is a feature that has not been reported before. This study is believed to open possibilities to extend stimuli‐responsive optical materials to rarely exploited phosphorescence‐relevant systems and applications, and also to provide a novel strategy to easily prepare URTP materials.
Randomized trial of lacosamide versus fosphenytoin for nonconvulsive seizures
Authors: Husain Aatif M. , Lee Jong W. , Kolls Bradley J. , Hirsch Lawrence J. , Halford Jonathan J. , Gupta Puneet K. , Minazad Yafa , Jones Jennifer M. , LaRoche Suzette M. , Herman Susan T. , Swisher Christa B. , Sinha Saurabh R. , Palade Adriana , Dombrowski Keith E. , Gallentine William B. , Hahn Cecil D. , Gerard Elizabeth E. , Bhapkar Manjushri , Lokhnygina Yuliya , Westover M. Brandon ,   for the Critical Care EEG Monitoring Research Consortium
Published: May 2018

ObjectiveThe optimal treatment of nonconvulsive seizures in critically ill patients is uncertain. We evaluated the comparative effectiveness of the antiseizure drugs lacosamide (LCM) and fosphenytoin (fPHT) in this population.MethodsThe TRENdS (Treatment of Recurrent Electrographic Nonconvulsive Seizures) study was a noninferiority, prospective, multicenter, randomized treatment trial of patients diagnosed with nonconvulsive seizures (NCSs) by continuous electroencephalography (cEEG). Treatment was randomized to intravenous (IV) LCM 400mg or IV fPHT 20mg phenytoin equivalents/kg. The primary endpoint was absence of electrographic seizures for 24 hours as determined by 1 blinded EEG reviewer. The frequency with which NCS control was achieved in each arm was compared, and the 90% confidence interval (CI) was determined. Noninferiority of LCM to fPHT was to be concluded if the lower bound of the CI for relative risk was >0.8.ResultsSeventy‐four subjects were enrolled (37 LCM, 37 fPHT) between August 21, 2012 and December 20, 2013. The mean age was 63.6 years; 38 were women. Seizures were controlled in 19 of 30 (63.3%) subjects in the LCM arm and 16 of 32 (50%) subjects in the fPHT arm. LCM was noninferior to fPHT (p = 0.02), with a risk ratio of 1.27 (90% CI = 0.88–1.83). Treatment emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were similar in both arms, occurring in 9 of 35 (25.7%) LCM and 9 of 37 (24.3%) fPHT subjects (p = 1.0).InterpretationLCM was noninferior to fPHT in controlling NCS, and TEAEs were comparable. LCM can be considered an alternative to fPHT in the treatment of NCSs detected on cEEG. Ann Neurol 2018;83:1174–1185
Maßgeschneiderte terminale Kupfernitrene für katalytische C‐H‐Aminierungen
Authors: Moegling Julian , Hoffmann Alexander , Thomas Fabian , Orth Nicole , Liebhäuser Patricia , Herber Ulrich , Rampmaier Robert , Stanek Julia , Fink Gerhard , Ivanović‐Burmazović Ivana , Herres‐Pawlis Sonja 
Published: May 2018

AbstractTerminale Kupfernitrene wurden durch die Verwendung von Bis(pyrazolyl)methan‐Liganden stabilisiert. Diese Spezies sind hochreaktive Intermediate in der C‐H‐Aminierung und im Nitrentransfer. Neuartige Perfluoralkyl‐Pyrazolyl‐ und Pyridinyl‐haltige Liganden wurden entwickelt, um ein reaktives Kupfer‐Nitrenzentrum zu koordinieren. Über eine Reaktion mit SO2tBuPhINTs und Kupfer(I)‐Acetonitril‐Komplexen wurden vier diskrete Kupfertosylnitrene hergestellt. Sie wurden hinsichtlich ihrer Reaktivität in der Iminierung von Phosphinen und der Aziridinierung von Styrolderivaten getestet. Die Bildung und der thermische Zerfall der sehr farbigen Verbindungen wurden mittels UV/Vis‐Spektroskopie verfolgt. Zusätzlich wurden die Verbindungen durch Kryo‐UHR‐ESI‐Massenspektrometrie und DFT‐Rechnungen untersucht. Eine milde katalytische Prozedur wurde entwickelt, wobei die Kupfernitrenbildner die C‐H‐Aminierung von Cyclohexan und Toluol sowie die Aziridinierung von Styrolderivaten ermöglichen.
Oxygen‐Doped Zig‐Zag Molecular Ribbons
Authors: Berezin Andrey , Biot Nicolas , Battisti Tommaso , Bonifazi Davide 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe synthesis of a zig‐zag oxygen‐doped molecular rhombic ribbon has been achieved. This includes oxidative C−C and C−O bond formations that allowed the stepwise elongation and planarization of an oxa‐congener of 2,7‐periacenoacene. X‐ray diffraction analysis corroborated the flat structure and the zig‐zag topology of the O‐doped edges. Photophysical and electrochemical investigations showed that the extension of the peri‐xanthenoxanthene (PXX) into the molecular ribbon induces a noticeable shrinking of the molecular band gap devised by a rising of the HOMO energy level, a desirable property for p‐type organic semiconductors.
Facile Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of O‐Mannosyl Glycans
Authors: Wang Shuaishuai , Zhang Qing , Chen CongCong , Guo Yuxi , Gadi Madhusudhan Reddy , Yu Jin , Westerlind Ulrika , Liu Yunpeng , Cao Xuefeng , Wang Peng G. , Li Lei 
Published: May 2018

AbstractO Mannosylation is a vital protein modification involved in brain and muscle development whereas the biological relevance of O‐mannosyl glycans has remained largely unknown owing to the lack of structurally defined glycoforms. An efficient scaffold synthesis/enzymatic extension (SSEE) strategy was developed to prepare such structures by combining gram‐scale convergent chemical syntheses of three scaffolds and strictly controlled sequential enzymatic extension catalyzed by glycosyltransferases. In total, 45 O‐mannosyl glycans were obtained, covering the majority of identified mammalian structures. Subsequent glycan microarray analysis revealed fine specificities of glycan‐binding proteins and specific antisera.
A Perovskite Electrolyte That Is Stable in Moist Air for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Li Yutao , Xu Henghui , Chien Po‐Hsiu , Wu Nan , Xin Sen , Xue Leigang , Park Kyusung , Hu Yan‐Yan , Goodenough John B. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractSolid‐oxide Li+ electrolytes of a rechargeable cell are generally sensitive to moisture in the air as H+ exchanges for the mobile Li+ of the electrolyte and forms insulating surface phases at the electrolyte interfaces and in the grain boundaries of a polycrystalline membrane. These surface phases dominate the total interfacial resistance of a conventional rechargeable cell with a solid–electrolyte separator. We report a new perovskite Li+ solid electrolyte, Li0.38Sr0.44Ta0.7Hf0.3O2.95F0.05, with a lithium‐ion conductivity of σLi=4.8×10−4 S cm−1 at 25 °C that does not react with water having 3≤pH≤14. The solid electrolyte with a thin Li+‐conducting polymer on its surface to prevent reduction of Ta5+ is wet by metallic lithium and provides low‐impedance dendrite‐free plating/stripping of a lithium anode. It is also stable upon contact with a composite polymer cathode. With this solid electrolyte, we demonstrate excellent cycling performance of an all‐solid‐state Li/LiFePO4 cell, a Li‐S cell with a polymer‐gel cathode, and a supercapacitor.
The Role of Torsional Dynamics on Hole and Exciton Stabilization in π‐Stacked Assemblies: Design of Rigid Torsionomers of a Cofacial Bifluorene
Authors: Wang Denan , Ivanov Maxim V. , Kokkin Damian , Loman John , Cai Jin‐Zhe , Reid Scott A. , Rathore Rajendra 
Published: May 2018

AbstractExciton and charge delocalization across π‐stacked assemblies is of importance in biological systems and functional polymeric materials. To examine the requirements for exciton and hole stabilization, cofacial bifluorene (F2) torsionomers were designed, synthesized, and characterized: unhindered (model) MeF2, sterically hindered tBuF2, and cyclophane‐like CF2, where fluorenes are locked in a perfect sandwich orientation via two methylene linkers. This set of bichromophores with varied torsional rigidity and orbital overlap shows that exciton stabilization requires a perfect sandwich‐like arrangement, as seen by strong excimeric‐like emission only in CF2 and MeF2. In contrast, hole delocalization is less geometrically restrictive and occurs even in sterically hindered tBuF2, as judged by 160 mV hole stabilization and a near‐IR band in the spectrum of its cation radical. These findings underscore the diverse requirements for charge and energy delocalization across π‐stacked assemblies.
A Dimeric η1,η5‐Germole Dianion Bridged Titanium(III) Complex with a Multicenter Ti−Ge−Ge−Ti Bond
Authors: Dong Zhaowen , Janka Oliver , Kösters Jutta , Schmidtmann Marc , Müller Thomas 
Published: May 2018

AbstractDimeric germole dianion bridged TiIIIand ZrIVcomplexes have been synthesized. In these complexes, the germole dianion adopts a formal η1,η5coordination to the two metal centers. The bonding situation in these bridged dimers is dominated by a covalent Ge−Ge interaction that results, for example, in a strong antiferromagnetic coupling of the d1Ti centers.
Unravelling the Correlation between Charge Mobility and Cocrystallization in Rod–Rod Block Copolymers for High‐Performance Field‐Effect Transistors
Authors: Zhu Mingjing , Pan Shuang , Wang Yue , Tang Ping , Qiu Feng , Lin Zhiqun , Peng Juan 
Published: May 2018

AbstractCocrystallization involving two or more components aggregating into cocrystals allows the preparation of materials with markedly improved charge mobility. This approach however, is little explored in all‐conjugated block copolymers (BCPs). Herein, we report the first investigation into the correlation between cocrystals and charge mobility in a series of new all‐conjugated BCPs: poly(3‐butylthiophene)‐b‐poly(3‐hexylselenophene) (P3BT‐b‐P3HS) for high‐performance field‐effect transistors. These rationally synthesized rod–rod BCPs self‐assemble into cocrystals with high charge mobilities. Upon one‐step thermal annealing, their charge mobilities decrease slightly despite their increased crystallinities. After two‐step thermal annealing, P3BT‐b‐P3HS (P3BT/P3HS=2:1) and (1:1) cocrystals disappear and phase separation occurs, leading to greatly decreased charge mobilities. In contrast, P3BT‐b‐P3HS (1:2) retains its cocrystalline structure and its charge mobility.
Nano‐Sized Inorganic Energy‐Materials by the Low‐Temperature Molecular Precursor Approach
Authors: Panda Chakadola , Menezes Prashanth W. , Driess Matthias 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe low‐temperature synthesis of inorganic materials and their interfaces at the atomic and molecular level provides numerous opportunities for the design and improvement of inorganic materials in heterogeneous catalysis for sustainable chemical energy conversion or other energy‐saving areas. Using suitable molecular precursors for functional inorganic nanomaterial synthesis allows for facile control over uniform particle size distribution, stoichiometry, and leads to desired chemical and physical properties. This Minireview outlines some advantages of the molecular precursor approach in light of selected recent developments of molecule‐to‐nanomaterials synthesis for renewable energy applications, relevant for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), and overall water‐splitting.
Dielectric properties of modified montmorillonites suspensions in polydimethylsiloxane
Authors: Kuznetsov Nikita M. , Shevchenko Vitaliy G. , Stolyarova Dina Yu. , Ozerin Sergei A. , Belousov Sergey I. , Chvalun Sergei N. 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACTThe dielectric characteristics of various modified montmorillonites suspensions in polydimethylsiloxane were investigated. Such materials are promising candidates as electrorheological fluids. The effect of small water content and temperature change in the dielectric spectra of suspensions was studied. The electrical conductivity of suspensions rises with filler concentration. Conductivity also increases with frequency for all samples by 5–6 orders of magnitude. The frequency dependence of permittivity changes significantly with temperature and strongly depends on the type of modifier. The positions of relaxation transitions peaks observed in dielectric loss curves substantially depend on the type of filler and water content. Dielectric loss peaks shift to higher frequencies with temperature. Relaxation mechanism is related to filler and described by capacitor model. Based on X‐ray data a model of relaxation transitions is proposed. Also, the activation energy of dielectric relaxation is estimated. The activation energy is independent of filler concentration but is determined by the structural features of fillers in polymer medium. The prospects of dielectric spectroscopy for analyzing the layered nanosilicates structure in polymer solution are demonstrated. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46614.
Synthesis, characterization, and drug release activity of structurally modified poly(vinyl alcohol)
Authors: Jeyaraman P. , Jeyabala D. , Meenarathi B. , Tung Kuo‐Lun , Anbarasan R. 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACTThe main aim of the present investigation is synthesis of drug‐grafted poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) for sustainable drug release in order to avoid bulk release and unwanted side effects. Here, the PVA was structurally modified with five different drug molecules in DMSO medium at 85 °C under N2 atmosphere for 2 h. The structure of modified PVA was confirmed by FTIR and 1H NMR spectra and further it was characterized by TGA, DSC, and SEM. The tensile strength and % elongation for the structurally modified PVA were determined. The FTIR spectrum showed peaks corresponding to the CO and CS stretching due to the grafted drug molecules. The 1H NMR spectrum showed the acrylic CH2 proton signal of PVA around 1.6 ppm. The SEM showed different surface morphology for the structurally modified PVA. The mechanical properties of the structurally modified PVA was found to be reduced due to the presence of traces of solvent molecules and the breaking of inter‐ and intramolecular hydrogen bonding. The sustainable drug release through hydrolysis mechanism was tested at the pH of 7.3. Generally, the drug release followed the Korsmeyer–Peppas model with Fickian drug transportation mechanism except Furosemide (Fur)‐grafted PVA system at the pH of 7.3. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46620.
Sensor‐based gait analysis in atypical parkinsonian disorders
Authors: Raccagni Cecilia , Gaßner Heiko , Eschlboeck Sabine , Boesch Sylvia , Krismer Florian , Seppi Klaus , Poewe Werner , Eskofier Bjoern M. , Winkler Juergen , Wenning Gregor , Klucken Jochen 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesGait impairment and reduced mobility are typical features of idiopathic Parkinson's disease (iPD) and atypical parkinsonian disorders (APD). Quantitative gait assessment may have value in the diagnostic workup of parkinsonian patients and as endpoint in clinical trials. The study aimed to identify quantitative gait parameter differences in iPD and APD patients using sensor‐based gait analysis and to correlate gait parameters with clinical rating scales.Subjects and MethodsPatients with iPD and APD including Parkinson variant multiple system atrophy and progressive supranuclear palsy matched for age, gender, and Hoehn and Yahr (≤3) were recruited at two Movement Disorder Units and assessed using standardized clinical rating scales (MDS‐UPDRS‐3, UMSARS, PSP‐RS). Gait analysis consisted of inertial sensor units laterally attached to shoes, generating as objective targets spatiotemporal gait parameters from 4 × 10 m walk tests.ResultsObjective sensor‐based gait analysis showed that gait speed and stride length were markedly reduced in APD compared to iPD patients. Moreover, clinical ratings significantly correlated with gait speed and stride length in APD patients.ConclusionOur findings suggest that patients with APD had more severely impaired gait parameters than iPD patients despite similar disease severity. Instrumented gait analysis provides complementary rater independent, quantitative parameters that can be exploited for clinical trials and care.
Safety and pharmacokinetics of veliparib extended‐release in patients with advanced solid tumors: a phase I study
Authors: Werner Theresa L. , Sachdev Jasgit , Swisher Elizabeth M. , Gutierrez Martin , Kittaneh Muaiad , Stein Mark N. , Xiong Hao , Dunbar Martin , Sullivan Danielle , Komarnitsky Philip , McKee Mark , Tan Antoinette R. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe poly(ADP‐ribose) polymerase‐1/2 inhibitor veliparib is active against tumors deficient in homologous DNA damage repair. The pharmacokinetics and safety of veliparib extended‐release (ER) were evaluated in patients with advanced solid tumors. This phase I study assessed veliparib‐ER up to 800 mg once daily or 600 mg twice daily. Dose‐limiting toxicities (DLTs), recommended phase II dose (RP2D), and maximum tolerated dose (MTD) were assessed in cycle 1 and safety/tolerability during continuous administration (28‐day cycles). Seventy‐one patients (n = 53 ovarian, n = 17 breast, n = 1 prostate carcinoma) received veliparib; 50 had deleterious breast cancer susceptibility (BRCA) gene mutations. Single‐dose veliparib‐ER 200 mg (fasting) led to 58% lower peak concentration and similar area under the concentration‐time curve compared with veliparib immediate‐release (IR). Three patients experienced DLTs (grade 2: asthenia; grade 3: nausea/vomiting, seizure). RP2D and MTD for veliparib‐ER were 400 mg BID. The most frequent adverse events (AEs) were nausea (78.9%) and vomiting (50.7%). The most common grade 3/4 treatment‐related AEs were as follows: thrombocytopenia (7.0%), nausea, and anemia (4.2% each). Overall, 12 (27.3%) patients with ovarian and 10 (62.5%) patients with breast carcinoma had a partial response. Veliparib‐ER, versus veliparib‐IR, exhibited an improved pharmacokinetic profile and was well tolerated in patients with ovarian and BRCA‐mutated breast cancers.