bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Automatic Sequences and Generalised Polynomials
Authors: Byszewski Jakub , Konieczny Jakub 
Published: January 2019

AbstractWe conjecture that bounded generalised polynomial functions cannot be generated by finite automata, except for the trivial case when they are ultimately periodic.Using methods from ergodic theory, we are able to partially resolve this conjecture, proving that any hypothetical counterexample is periodic away from a very sparse and structured set. In particular, we show that for a polynomial$p(n)$with at least one irrational coefficient (except for the constant one) and integer$m\geqslant 2$, the sequence$\lfloor p(n)\rfloor \hspace{0.2em}{\rm mod}\hspace{0.2em}m$is never automatic.We also prove that the conjecture is equivalent to the claim that the set of powers of an integer$k\geqslant 2$is not given by a generalised polynomial.
The Weak Order on Weyl Posets
Authors: Gay Joël , Pilaud Vincent 
Published: January 2019

AbstractWe define a natural lattice structure on all subsets of a finite root system that extends the weak order on the elements of the corresponding Coxeter group. For crystallographic root systems, we show that the subposet of this lattice induced by antisymmetric closed subsets of roots is again a lattice. We then study further subposets of this lattice that naturally correspond to the elements, the intervals, and the faces of the permutahedron and the generalized associahedra of the corresponding Weyl group. These results extend to arbitrary finite crystallographic root systems the recent results of G. Chatel, V. Pilaud, and V. Pons on the weak order on posets and its induced subposets.
Degenerations of Leibniz and Anticommutative Algebras
Authors: Ismailov Nurlan , Kaygorodov Ivan , Volkov Yury 
Published: January 2019

AbstractWe describe all degenerations of three-dimensional anticommutative algebras $\mathfrak{A}\mathfrak{c}\mathfrak{o}\mathfrak{m}_{3}$ and of three-dimensional Leibniz algebras $\mathfrak{L}\mathfrak{e}\mathfrak{i}\mathfrak{b}_{3}$ over $\mathbb{C}$. In particular, we describe all irreducible components and rigid algebras in the corresponding varieties.
Linear Conjugacy
Authors: Steinberg Benjamin 
Published: January 2019

AbstractWe say that two elements of a group or semigroup are $\Bbbk$-linear conjugates if their images under any linear representation over $\Bbbk$ are conjugate matrices. In this paper we characterize $\Bbbk$-linear conjugacy for finite semigroups (and, in particular, for finite groups) over an arbitrary field $\Bbbk$.
Precipitation δ18O on the Himalaya–Tibet orogeny and its relationship to surface elevation
Authors: Shen Hong , Poulsen Christopher J. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract. The elevation history of the Himalaya–Tibet orogen is central to
understanding the evolution and dynamics of both the India–Asia collision
and the Asian monsoons. The surface elevation history of the region is
largely deduced from stable isotope (δ18O, δD)
paleoaltimetry. This method is based on the observed relationship between the
isotopic composition of meteoric waters (δ18Op,
δDp) and surface elevation, and the assumption that
precipitation undergoes Rayleigh distillation under forced ascent. Here we
evaluate how elevation-induced climate change influences the
δ18Op–elevation relationship and whether Rayleigh
distillation is the dominant process affecting
δ18Op. We use an isotope-enabled climate model,
ECHAM-wiso, to show that the Rayleigh distillation process is only dominant
in the monsoonal regions of the Himalayas when the mountains are high. When
the orogen is lowered, local surface recycling and convective processes
become important, as forced ascent is weakened due to weaker Asian monsoons.
As a result, the δ18Op lapse rate in the Himalayas
increases from around −3 to above −0.1 ‰ km−1, and has little
relationship with elevation. On the Tibetan Plateau, the meridional gradient
of δ18O decreases from ∼1 to
∼0.3 ‰ ∘−1 with reduced elevation, primarily due to
enhanced sub-cloud reevaporation under lower relative humidity. Overall, we
report that using δ18Op or
δDp to deduce surface elevation change in the
Himalayan–Tibetan region has severe limitations and demonstrate that the
processes that control annual-mean precipitation-weighted
δ18Op vary by region and with surface elevation.
In summary, we determine that the application of
δ18O paleoaltimetry is only appropriate for 7 of the 50 sites
from which δ18O records have been used to infer past elevations.
Social and healthcare personnel’s self-reported competence in small and medium-sized companies in preparation for simulation coaching
Authors: Salminen-Tuomaala Mari Helena , Haapasalmi Susanna , Jaskari Pasi , Tupiini Tomi 
Published: January 2019

Purpose: The paper describes staff’s self-rated theoretical, practical and interaction competence in 20 social and healthcare companies. The study draws from a research and development project run jointly by two educational institutions and a health technology development center. The results can be used to develop the content of a multiprofessional simulation coaching intervention.Data and methods: Data were collected in the autumn of 2017 using an online survey software. The quantitative data were analyzed using the SPSS for Windows version 23 and the qualitative data using inductive content analysis. The response rate was 96% (n = 125). This article presents the quantitative results.Results: Respondents found that they were competent in interaction, in identifying their clients’ needs, in attending to client safety and in supporting clients’ psychosocial and physical function. Their ratings were lower for issues pertaining to severe disability, for encountering aggressive behavior and for some aspects of digitalization.Conclusions: The most important development needs involved making better use of digital tools and remote counseling, enhancing information technology competence and learning to encounter aggressive behavior.
Comments on Alexia Yates’ Selling Paris: Property and Commercial Culture in the Fin-de-siècle Capital
Authors: Neumann Tracy 
Published: January 2019

This comment is part of a roundtable on Alexia Yates’ book, Selling Paris: Property and Commercial Culture in the Fin-de-siècle Capital (Harvard University Press, 2015). In it, the author summarizes Yates’ argument, discusses her source base, and explains why historians whose interests lie beyond 19th century France should read the book.
Le droit de la Cour interaméricaine des droits de l’homme : une obligation moderne pour le Canada
Authors: Balcorta Mariana , Bélanger Pierre-Gilles 
Published: January 2019

La Cour interaméricaine des droits de l’homme, lorsqu’elle est évoquée, n’a pas fait l’objet d’une évaluation juste au cours des dernières années dans les forums juridiques et politiques canadiens. Elle a été étiquetée comme étant de low standards, une « cour des pauvres », une « cour des pays du Sud » et une « cour des autres ». Pourtant, pendant les dernières années, malgré ses ressources limitées, elle s’est révélée être parmi les grandes cours supérieures du monde en matière de droits de la personne. Créant des principes complexes, s’appuyant sur des notions universelles longtemps débattues, elle s’est positionnée comme un phare des droits de l’homme devant les cours nationales, non seulement des pays membres assujettis à la Convention américaine relative aux droits de l’homme, mais également de tous les pays dont l’ordre juridique intègre des normes universelles en matière de droits de la personne. La Cour a établi des normes dans divers domaines, a donné une couleur et une signification tangibles à des droits bien souvent trop théoriques et a élevé la barre des droits de la personne à la grandeur des Amériques, faisant aujourd’hui d’elle, de la Convention et de ses protocoles des incontournables dans la compréhension de ces droits. Toutefois, à ce jour, le Canada n’a pas adhéré à la Convention américaine relative aux droits de l’homme. Le présent article expose les principales raisons de ce fait et termine en illustrant les apports que l’adhésion aurait sur la situation des femmes au Canada. Le droit canadien, quoique bien développé, bénéficierait grandement de protections additionnelles dans les situations de violations fondamentales des droits de la personne. Lorsqu’il s’agit d’interpréter et d’appliquer les normes juridiques en matière de droits de l’homme, nos tribunaux ne peuvent continuer à être privés des principes et règles sous-jacents aux droits universels qu’intègre et protège la Convention dans le système juridique interaméricain. L’influence qu’ont la politique, l’économie, voire la géographie, sur l’interprétation et l’application ne peut continuer à être passée sous silence. L’affirmation d’une unité en la matière au sein des Amériques est essentielle pour légitimer l’action gouvernementale dans une démocratie moderne, telle qu’elle existe au Canada.
La valeur de l’erreur dans l’Histoire d’une Grecque moderne de Prévost
Authors: Faulot Audrey 
Published: January 2019

Les romans-mémoires, genre particulièrement en vogue en France dans le premier xviiie siècle, ont la particularité de faire parler un narrateur témoin de sa propre histoire. La valeur du témoignage proposé au lecteur repose alors sur l’articulation entre l’implication du mémorialiste et la prise de distance temporelle et réflexive rendue possible par les caractéristiques narratives du genre. Dans l’Histoire d’une Grecque moderne (1740) cependant, le mémorialiste, qui raconte une de ses « erreurs » – une passion hors norme –, insiste volontiers sur la précarité et les biais qui altèrent son témoignage. L’Histoire d’une Grecque moderne participe ainsi d’un changement d’horizon heuristique du témoignage : à mesure qu’il perd son rôle dans l’élaboration de la vérité, le témoignage se constitue en autre objet de connaissance, susceptible de ne plus délivrer un savoir que sur le témoin lui-même. Nous nous proposons dans cet article d’étudier les conséquences éthico-narratives de ce nouveau régime de l’erreur.
Poétique de l’épistolarité romanesque dans l’oeuvre de Jeanne-Marie Leprince de Beaumont1
Authors: Vanacker Beatrijs 
Published: January 2019

Au sein de son oeuvre impressionnante, le rôle de Beaumont romancière, peu étudié jusqu’à présent, se déduit d’une importante série de romans publiés à des moments-clés de sa carrière. Dans ce parcours, c’est bien la période 1765-1767 (entre le Magasin des Jeunes Dames [1764] et le Magasin des Pauvres [1768]) qui marque l’intérêt de l’auteure pour la fiction romanesque. Pendant ces trois ans, Leprince de Beaumont publie autant de romans, à savoir Lettres d’Émérance à Lucie (1765), Mémoires de Mme la Baronne de Batteville (1766) et La nouvelle Clarice, histoire véritable (1767). Dans cette architecture romanesque en trois étapes, la cohérence interne est en large mesure assurée par la récurrence de passages de « lecture performante », qui servent de marqueurs intradiégétiques d’un projet de mise en récit fictionnelle. De ce fait, Leprince de Beaumont se montre d’une part une observatrice perspicace des stratégies narratives en vigueur à son époque, à travers sa mise en oeuvre d’un processus de négociation fictionnelle qui prépare et légitime la publication à proprement parler. Mais chez Leprince de Beaumont, la scénographie légitimante s’intègre en outre dans une poétique romanesque à forte orientation didactique. Les nombreuses scènes de lecture, que l’auteure prend soin d’attribuer à des héroïnes-narratrices exemplaires, marquent en même temps l’empreinte d’un programme éducatif qui passe outre le registre purement romanesque. En effet, si les rédactrices en question se décident à rédiger et faire circuler les récits de vie de leurs correspondant(e)s, Leprince de Beaumont les fait bien insister sur la logique d’édification qui justifie ce passage d’histoire privée à récit public. Dans sa capacité de prêter la voix au(x) lectrice(s)-romancières intradiégétique(s), le mode épistolaire s’avère ainsi particulièrement propice aux enjeux didactiques de Leprince de Beaumont romancière.
Age-related differences in flexibility in soccer players 8–19 years old
Authors: Cejudo Antonio , Robles-Palazón Francisco Javier , Ayala Francisco , De Ste Croix Mark , Ortega-Toro Enrique , Santonja-Medina Fernando , Sainz de Baranda Pilar 
Published: January 2019

Background
Muscle flexibility is a main component of health-related fitness and one of the basic components of fitness for the performance in some sports. Sport and health professionals require the flexibility profile of soccer to define quantitative aims in the training of flexibility. The aim of this study was to identify age-related differences in lower extremity flexibility in youth soccer players.

Methods
Seventy-two young male soccer players (age: 13.0 ± 3.1 y; body mass: 50.5 ± 15.3 kg; stature 158.2 ± 16.8 cm; BMI: 19.6 ± 2.6 kg/m2) completed this study. Measures of eleven passive hip (hip extension (HE), hip adduction with hip flexed 90°(HAD-HF90°), hip flexion with knee flexed (HF-KF) and extended (HF-KE), hip abduction with hip neutral (HAB) and hip flexed 90°(HAB-HF90°), hip external (HER) and internal (HIR) rotation), knee (knee flexion (KF)) and ankle dorsiflexion (ankle dorsiflexion with knee flexed (ADF-KF) and extended (ADF-KE)) ranges of motion (ROM) were taken. Descriptive statistics were calculated for hip, knee and ankle ROM measured separately by leg (dominant and non-dominant) and age-group (U10, U12, U14, U16 and U19). The data was analysed using a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) to examine the interaction of 11 ROM in the different players’ age-group.

Results
Generally, U10 and/or U12 soccer players obtain the highest mean value in almost all ROM evaluated (U10: HAD-HF [39.6° ± 4.3°], ADF-KE [32.3° ± 4.1°], HER [63.5° ± 5.6°] and HAB-HF90°[64.1° ± 7.5°]; U12: HE [17.7° ± 6.2°], HAB [35.6° ± 3.0], HIR [60.8° ± 4.7°] and KF [133.8° ± 7.1°]). Nonetheless, significant differences between the players’ age-groups are just found in HAD-HF90°(p = .042; ES = .136), HAB (p = .001; ES = .252), HIR (p = .001; ES = .251), HER (p < .001; ES = .321) and HAB-HF90°(p < .001; ES = .376) ROM, showing a progressive and irregular decrease in these ROM until the U19 team.

Conclusion
The findings of this study reinforce the necessity of prescribing exercises aimed at improving HAD-HF90° ROM in U16, HAB ROM in U14, HIR ROM in U16 and U19, HER ROM in U12 and U19, and HAB-HF90° ROM in U16 and U19 players within everyday soccer training routines.
Sequential Organozinc Formation and Negishi Cross‐Coupling of Amides Catalysed by Cobalt Salt
Authors: Dorval Céline , Dubois Elodie , Bourne‐Branchu Yann , Gosmini Corinne , Danoun Grégory 
Published: January 2019

AbstractHerein, a cobalt‐catalysed Negishi‐type cross‐coupling of amide derivatives is described. Apart from being the first example of cobalt‐catalysed Negishi‐type coupling of amides, the process described employs a unique, simple, and cheap catalytic system to perform both the organozinc formation and the Negishi‐type coupling. Indeed, the same cobalt(II) bromide salt used to form the arylzinc species from aryl bromides is then re‐used to perform the cross coupling of this resulting arylzinc with N‐benzoyl glutarimides at room temperature. The main advantages of the reaction presented are its robustness and ease of use. Indeed, the reactions of organozinc formation and Negishi‐type coupling are performed without precautions toward water or oxygen.magnified image
Trifluoroacetic Acid Catalyzed Cascade Reactions of 2,3‐Diketoesters with Cyclohexane‐1,3‐diones: Strategy Towards 4‐Hydroxybenzofuran Derivatives
Authors: Sha Qiang , Liu Haixuan , Li Yuan 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAn efficient trifluoroacetic acid catalyzed cascade reaction of 2,3‐diketoesters with cyclohexane‐1,3‐diones is described for the synthesis of a series of 4‐hydroxybenzofurans. This simple protocol has the advantages of easy operation, readily available starting materials, good functional group tolerance, and easily scale‐up. Subsequent derivatization of the 4‐hydroxybenzofurans provides a reasonable route to access highly functionalized benzofurans.magnified image
Modulation of Glutathione Levels by Redox‐Active Nanogel Carriers for the Synergistic Enhancement of Photodynamic Therapy
Authors: Zhang Zi‐Hao , Ding Yu‐Xue , Li Yong‐Jing , Wu Pan , Guo Jia , Wang Chang‐Chun 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe therapeutic efficiency of commonly used photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy (PDT) remains far from satisfactory in clinical trials due to the redox regulation mechanisms of cancer cells, which eliminates the generated reactive oxygen species (ROS) prior to their antitumor activity. Herein, a novel pathway to greatly enhance the efficiency of PDT is proposed through an intracellular reaction that occurs in composite nanogels with Fe3O4 nanoclusters in their core and disulfide‐crosslinked phosphorylcholines in their shell. These redox‐active nanogels are able to downregulate the endogenous glutathione (GSH) levels via a thiol‐disulfide exchange reaction, which results in the preferential accumulation of cytotoxic ROS generated by the encapsulated photosensitizer (Chlorine 6) for cell apoptosis and tumor‐growth inhibition. In addition to disulfide‐assisted PDT, the composite nanogel exhibits improved cellular uptake, circulation time, targeted distribution, intracellular degradation, and selective toxicity, which provides great promise for the use of these nanogels as a simple, safe, and effective cancer treatment.
Tumor Microenvironment‐Triggered Aggregated Magnetic Nanoparticles for Reinforced Image‐Guided Immunogenic Chemotherapy
Authors: Chen Qinjun , Liu Lisha , Lu Yifei , Chen Xinli , Zhang Yujie , Zhou Wenxi , Guo Qin , Li Chao , Zhang Yiwen , Zhang Yu , Liang Donghui , Sun Tao , Jiang Chen 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAnticancer therapies, which can induce cell death and elevate antitumor immune response in the meantime, are considered as effective treatments for many types of cancers. Immunogenic cell death (ICD) induced by chemodrugs is a promising and typical strategy to achieve cell cytotoxicity and immunological enhancement together. However, due to the low level of ICD induction and less tumor‐targeting accumulation, application of traditional ICD inducers is limited. Here, tumor‐targeting core–shell magnetic nanoparticles (ETP‐PtFeNP:α‐enolase targeting peptide modified Pt‐prodrug loaded Fe3O4 nanoparticles) are developed to reinforce ICD induction of loaded‐oxaliplatin (IV) prodrug. After tumor‐targeting accumulation and endocytosis, platinum (IV) complexes are activated by intracellular reductive elimination to yield and release the Pt (II) congener, oxaliplatin, leading to DNA lesions and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Simultaneously, in‐progress‐released ferric ions elicit highly toxic ROS (·OH or ·OOH) burst and interfere with the intracytoplasmic redox balance (like endoplasmic reticulum stress), leading to ICD‐associated immunogenicity enhancement and specific antitumor immune responses to kill the tumor cells synergistically. Meanwhile, the transverse relaxation rate R
2 of ETP‐PtFeNP is remarkably increased by more than three times while triggered by reductant, suggesting ETP‐PtFeNP a high‐sensitivity T
2 contrast agent for magnetic resonance imaging.
Perceptions Among Child Welfare Staff when Modifying A Child Mental Health Intervention to be Implemented in Child Welfare Services
Authors: Gopalan Geetha , Hooley Cole , Winters Andrew , Stephens Tricia 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIn order to increase access to child mental health evidence‐based interventions (EBIs) for vulnerable and hard‐to‐engage families involved in the child welfare (CW) system, innovative approaches coupled with input from service providers are needed. One potential solution involves utilizing task‐shifting strategies and implementation science theoretical frameworks to implement such EBIs in CW settings. This study examined perceptions among CW staff who were members of a collaborative advisory board involved in the implementation of the 4Rs and 2Ss Strengthening Families Program (4R2S) in CW placement prevention settings, utilizing task‐shifting strategies and the Practical, Robust, Implementation, and Sustainability Model. Advisory board members reported difficulties in engaging families, heavy workloads, and conflicting implementation initiatives. While 4R2S was perceived as generally aligned with their organization's mission, modifications to the intervention and to agency procedures were recommended to promote implementation success. Suggested modifications to the existing 4R2S training and supervision are discussed. Findings underscore the importance of understanding the experiences of CW service providers, which can inform future efforts to implement child mental health EBIs in CW services.
Pathways linking caesarean delivery to early health in a dual burden context: Immune development and the gut microbiome in infants and children from Galápagos, Ecuador
Authors: Thompson Amanda L. , Houck Kelly M. , Jahnke Johanna R. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractObjectivesGlobal increases in caesarean deliveries are exposing more infants to perinatal environments that are evolutionarily novel and potentially increasing their risks for inflammatory conditions. Yet, the pathways linking caesareans to later health outcomes are not well understood, particularly in dual burden contexts. We test two of the hypothesized pathways, altered immune function and gut microbiota, which may link delivery mode to later health outcomes and test whether these associations persist when controlling for postnatal nutritional and pathogenic exposures.MethodsData come from infants, aged 0 to 2 (n = 41), and young children, aged 2 to 11 (n = 135), from the Galápagos, Ecuador. Differences in morbidity, C‐reactive protein (CRP), and gut microbiota by delivery type were tested using linear and logistic regression models adjusted for nutritional and pathogenic exposures and infant age.ResultsOver half of infants and over 40% of children were delivered by caesarean. Morbidity and CRP did not differ between infants or children born by caesarean or vaginally. Microbial taxa abundance differed by delivery mode. Infants born by caesarean had a higher abundance of Firmicutes and a lower relative abundance of Bacteroidales. Children born by caesarean had a higher abundance of Proteobacteria and Enterobacteriales. These differences remained after adjustment for environmental exposure.ConclusionsCaesarean delivery is associated with differences in gut microbiota across childhood even in this dual burden context. Our results highlight the importance of examining caesarean delivery across diverse contexts to better understand the impact of perinatal interventions on short‐ and longer‐term health outcomes.
Salen‐Manganese Complexes and their Application in the Ring‐Opening Polymerization of Lactide and ϵ‐Caprolactone
Authors: Yang Zhenjie , Hu Chenyang , Duan Ranlong , Sun Zhiqiang , Zhang Han , Pang Xuan , Li Lili 
Published: January 2019

AbstractEfficiency and sustainability are of vital concern to the polymer industry. Ring‐opening polymerizations (ROP) of lactide (LA) and ϵ‐caprolactone (ϵ‐CL) producing biodegradable polymers polylactide (PLA) and polycaprolactone (PCL) were widely researched. Owing to their abundance and non‐toxicity, manganese catalysts are a very good choice. A group of salen manganese (III) complexes were synthesized. Their catalytic activity in the ROP of LA and ϵ‐CL in propylene oxide (PO) was. Under activation of PO, manganese complexes could efficiently mediate the ROP of LA and ϵ‐CL. The molecular weight distributions could be controlled well. The influence of the bridging part and substitutions were fully discussed. Surprisingly, chlorine substituents showed a negative effect on catalytic activity. The analog computation results indicated that the metal center of 7 a did not become more electron‐deficient. By switching the ligand backbone and substituents, the configuration of polylactide (PLA) turned from slight isotactic to slight heterotactic.