bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electron acceptors for anaerobic oxidation of methane drive microbial community structure and diversity in mud volcanoes
Authors: Ren Ge , Ma Anzhou , Zhang Yanfen , Deng Ye , Zheng Guodong , Zhuang Xuliang , Zhuang Guoqiang , Fortin Danielle 
Published: April 2018

SummaryMud volcanoes (MVs) emit globally significant quantities of methane into the atmosphere, however, methane cycling in such environments is not yet fully understood, as the roles of microbes and their associated biogeochemical processes have been largely overlooked. Here, we used data from high‐throughput sequencing of microbial 16S rRNA gene amplicons from six MVs in the Junggar Basin in northwest China to quantify patterns of diversity and characterize the community structure of archaea and bacteria. We found anaerobic methanotrophs and diverse sulfate‐ and iron‐reducing microbes in all of the samples, and the diversity of both archaeal and bacterial communities was strongly linked to the concentrations of sulfate, iron and nitrate, which could act as electron acceptors in anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM). The impacts of sulfate/iron/nitrate on AOM in the MVs were verified by microcosm experiments. Further, two representative MVs were selected to explore the microbial interactions based on phylogenetic molecular ecological networks. The sites showed distinct network structures, key species and microbial interactions, with more complex and numerous linkages between methane‐cycling microbes and their partners being observed in the iron/sulfate‐rich MV. These findings suggest that electron acceptors are important factors driving the structure of microbial communities in these methane‐rich environments.
DNA data and morphology suggest an occurrence of Dendrolimus sibiricus Tschetverikov, 1908 (Lepidoptera: Lasiocampidae) instead of D. superans Butler, 1877, in South Korea
Authors: Jeong Jun Seong , Kim Min Jee , Kim Sung‐Soo , Choi Sei‐Woong , Kim Iksoo 
Published: April 2018

AbstractIn the present study, specimens of Dendrolimus superans collected from South Korea suggest the presence of D. sibiricus, instead of D. superans. Comparisons of the wing morphology, female and male genitalia, 3′‐end region of the cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) gene sequence, and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) 2 sequence of the Korean specimens with those of the D. superans specimens from Japan consistently supported the presence of D. sibiricus in South Korea. Phylogenetic analyses of the concatenated sequences of COI and ITS2 from the available sequence types of D. sibiricus and D. superans, along with South Korean specimens, were conducted using the Bayesian inference (BI) and maximum likelihood (ML) methods. These phylogenetic analyses placed the South Korean specimens with the Russian D. sibiricus as an inclusive group, excluding the Japanese D. superans, indicating the distribution of D. sibiricus in South Korea. Nevertheless, D. superans formed a distinct group only by BI analysis (Bayesian posterior probabilities = 0.89), whereas D. sibiricus, including the South Korean samples, formed a distinct group only by the ML analysis (99%), suggesting a low genetic divergence between the two species.
Characteristics of an β‐N‐Acetylhexosaminidase from Bacillus sp. CH11, Including its Transglycosylation Activity
Authors: Kurakake Masahiro , Amai Yukari , Konishi Mizuki , Ikehira Kaho 
Published: April 2018

Abstractβ‐N‐Acetylhexosaminidase was identified from Bacillus sp. CH11 and found to have relatively high transferring activity. In this study, its enzymatic properties and transglycosylation activity including its acceptor specificity were investigated. Its molecular weight was estimated to be 90 kDa by SDS–PAGE and its optimal pH was approximately 7 with good stability from pH 6 to 8. Its optimal temperature was 40 °C, and its activity was stable at temperatures of up to 40 °C. To analyze its acceptor specificity for transglycosylation, N, N′‐diacetylchitobiose was used as a donor substrate and alcohols, sugar alcohols, sugars and polyphenols were used as acceptors. Dialcohols, which have 2 hydroxyl groups on the outside of the carbon chains, were good acceptors. The molecular size of the acceptor did not influence the transglycosylation up to at least 1,5‐pentanediol (carbon number: C5). Glycerin (C3), erythritol (C4), and xylitol (C5), all small molecular weight sugar alcohols, had high acceptor specificity. Transglycosylation to mono‐ and disaccharides and polyphenols was not observed except for L‐fucose. For the β‐N‐acetylhexosaminidase‐catalyzed transglycosylation of chitin oligosaccharides and xylitol, the transfer product was identified as 1‐O‐β‐D‐N‐acetylglucosaminyl xylitol. The optimal ratio of xylitol was 24% to 2% N, N′‐diacetylchitobiose and 226 mg per 1 g N, N′‐diacetylchitobiose was produced. CH11 β‐N‐acetylhexosaminidase efficiently produced 1‐O‐β‐D‐N‐acetylglucosaminyl xylitol via transglycosylation.Practical ApplicationThe new transfer products including 1‐O‐β‐D‐N‐acetylglucosaminyl xylitol are attractive compounds for their potential physiological functions. 1‐O‐β‐D‐N‐Acetylglucosaminyl xylitol was produced effectively from chitin‐oligosaccharides and xylitol by β‐N‐acetylhexosaminidase from Bacillus sp. CH11. This enzyme may be useful for the development of food materials for health‐related applications such as oligosaccharides with intestinal functions and noncariogenic sugars.
Elastographic ultrasound: an additional image tool in Sjögren's syndrome
Authors: Kimura‐Hayama Eric , Criales‐Vera Sergio , Azpeitia‐Espinosa Luis , Pacheco‐Molina Carlos , Reyes Edgardo , Lima Guadalupe , Hernandez‐Ramirez Diego , Llorente Luis , Hernandez‐Molina Gabriela 
Published: April 2018

AbstractAimTo evaluate the stiffness of parotid and submandibular glands using elastography ultrasound and to correlate it with B‐mode ultrasonographical, clinical and serological features, salivary profibrotic and inflammatory chemokines, and salivary gland fibrosis.MethodsWe performed B‐mode and elastography ultrasound of major salivary glands of 26 patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome. We registered the shear wave velocity (SWV) and correlated it with the morphologic ultrasonographic changes assessed by the Hocevar scale. We assessed the European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) Sjögren's Syndrome Disease Activity Index (ESSDAI), EULAR Sjögren's Syndrome Patient Reported Index (ESSPRI), non‐stimulated whole salivary flow rate (NSWSF), C3 and C4 levels, anti‐Ro/La antibodies, salivary inflammatory (C‐X‐C motif ligand 13 [CXCL13], CXCL10, CXCL8, C‐C motif ligand 2 [CCL2], interleukin 10 [IL‐10] and IL‐6) and pro‐fibrotic (CXCL14, CCL28, tumor necrosis factor‐related apoptosis‐inducing ligand and transforming growth factor β) chemokines and cytokines and evaluated the presence of fibrosis in the minor salivary gland.ResultsNinety‐two percent of patients were women; mean age was 51.1 ± 11 years; median disease duration was 6.1 years; 92.3% had oral symptoms and 26.9% fibrosis. The median B‐mode score was 22.2 points and the median SWV 2.5 m/s (τ = 0.53, P = 0.001). The SWV correlated with the NSWSF (τ = –0.53, P = 0.001), ESSDAI (τ = 0.31, P = 0.03), glandular ESDDAI domain (τ = 0.36, P = 0.02), C4 levels (τ = –0.32, P = 0.04), salivary CXCL13 (τ = 0.29, P = 0.03) and CXCL10 (τ = 0.30, P = 0.003), but not with age and fibrosis.ConclusionWV correlated with the B‐mode ultrasound score, systemic and glandular activity and in a large degree with CXCL10, an inflammatory chemokine, but not with fibrosis. An increased SWV might represent chronic glandular inflammation rather than fibrotic changes in these patients.
Stress effects of cyanotoxin β‐methylamino‐L‐alanine (BMAA) on cyanobacterial heterocyst formation and functionality
Authors: Popova Alexandra A. , Rasmussen Ulla , Semashko Tatiana A. , Govorun Vadim M. , Koksharova Olga A. 
Published: April 2018

SummaryVarious species of cyanobacteria, diatoms and dinoflagellates are capable of synthesizing the non‐proteinogenic neurotoxic amino acid β‐N‐methylamino‐L‐alanine (BMAA), which is known to be a causative agent of human neurodegeneration. Similar to most cyanotoxins, the biological and ecological functions of BMAA in cyanobacteria are unknown. In this study, we show for the first time that BMAA, in micromolar amounts, inhibits the formation of heterocysts (specialized nitrogen‐fixing cells) in heterocystous, diazotrophic cyanobacteria [Anabaena sp. PCC 7120, Nostoc punctiforme PCC 73102 (ATCC 29133), Nostoc sp. strain 8963] under conditions of nitrogen starvation. The inhibitory effect of BMAA is abolished by the addition of glutamate. To understand the genetic reason for the observed phenomenon, we used qPCR to study the expression of key genes involved in cell differentiation and nitrogen metabolism in the model cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. PCC 7120. We observed that in the presence of BMAA, Anabaena sp. PCC 7120 does not express two essential genes associated with heterocyst differentiation, namely, hetR and hepA. We also found that addition of BMAA to cyanobacterial cultures with mature heterocysts inhibits nifH gene expression and nitrogenase activity.
Three Decades of IPO Markets in Canada: Evolution, Risk and Return
Authors: Carpentier Cécile , Suret Jean‐Marc 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThis article explores the extent that the long‐run returns following initial public offerings (IPOs) can explain the asserted decrease in IPOs in Canada. The causes of such a decrease remain controversial, in part because of our limited knowledge of this market. We first describe in detail the evolution of Canadian IPOs on the senior and the venture stock exchanges over three decades (1986–2016). This evolution differs considerably between natural resource and non‐natural resource firms. Second, using other junior markets as a benchmark, we show that the Canadian IPO market is very particular, mainly because it lists very small firms at an early development stage. Third, using 2,145 Canadian IPOs, we provide evidence that these IPOs generate three‐year negative average abnormal returns, and more than 70 percent report negative abnormal returns. Large issuers reporting profits constitute the only subsample that provides fair returns, but they account for less than 5 percent of IPOs. Such a market probably survived for many decades because of investors' preference for skewness and the characteristics of the returns' distribution. We observe a high level of skewness of abnormal returns, consistent with the behavioral finance proposition that investors are often unduly optimistic when valuing lottery stocks.
Tax avoidance and cost of debt: evidence from a natural experiment in China
Authors: Cen Wei , Tong Naqiong , Sun Yushi 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThis study examines the impact of tax avoidance on the cost of debt using a natural experiment in China. Existing literatures identify two channels about how debt holders perceive tax avoidance behaviour. But there is no census on why and when one channel prevails or dominates the other one. Using China's New Regulation on bonds issuance in 2015 as a natural experiment, we find a negative (positive) association exists between tax avoidance and the cost of debt before (after) the New Regulation. We also find that both going public and state ownership have significant impacts on the tax avoidance and cost of debt relationship. Our findings suggest that debt holders’ perception on tax avoidance behaviour varies with external corporate governance regulations.
Does theT+ 1 rule really reduce speculation? Evidence from Chinese Stock IndexETF
Authors: Chen Xinyun , Liu Yan , Zeng Tao 
Published: April 2018

AbstractStock market in China is subject to theT + 1 rule, which requires investors to hold the asset for at least 1 day before selling. This rule was initially imposed in the mid‐1990s, replacing the previousT + 0 rule, to prevent excessive speculative trading. Given the considerable changes in China's financial market over the past 20 years, it is controversial whether theT + 1 rule should be replaced by theT + 0 rule in today's market. In this paper, we empirically test the effect of theT + 1 rule on market speculation. To identify potentially different impacts of theT + 1 andT + 0 rule, we choose a unique pair ofCSI300ETFs, one subject to theT + 1 rule while the other to theT + 0 rule. Based on an error correction model, we develop an empirical methodology to test intraday speculation in theETFprice. Our empirical results show that, at least under current market condition, theT + 1 rule reduces the price efficiency and spurs more speculation when the market liquidity is not in a shortage.
To buy or not to buy: household risk hedging of housing costs
Authors: Liu Shuo , Wang Jin , Wu Weixing 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThis study studies Chinese households’ decision between buying or renting a primary residence from a risk hedging perspective. Although homeownership means bearing house price risk, it eliminates exposure to rent risk. Our empirical results suggest that the homeownership rate increases with the rent volatility of living areas and decreases with the probability of move. However, households no longer hedge against the rent risk when owning a second house, which is often purchased as an investment property. Furthermore, we investigate households with heads aged over 60. Due to finite life expectancy, the rent hedging benefit of owning is weakened.
Contemporary exodontia
Authors: Sambrook PJ , Goss AN 
Published: April 2018

AbstractExodontia is a cardinal skill of all dentists. Patients expect extractions to be skillfully and painlessly accomplished every time. It's not necessarily so simple and can be challenging. In this paper we explore contemporary issues of the full process of exodontia including diagnosis, technique, complication minimization as well as management of medically compromised patients with appropriate post‐operative care, including pharmacotherapy.
Management of temporomandibular joint disorders: A surgeon's perspective
Authors: Dimitroulis G 
Published: April 2018

AbstractDisorders of the Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) may clinically present with jaw pain and restricted mouth opening that may limit a patient's access to comprehensive dental care. The aim of this article is to provide a general overview of the current treatment strategies available in the management of disorders of the TMJ. Both conservative and surgical treatment options will be discussed as there is no one treatment for temporomandibular disorders (TMD) which encompasses a wide range of diagnoses. A multidisciplinary team approach to management is essential in the fundamental care of all TMD patients so that treatment can be specifically tailored to individual patient needs.
Identification of the mutation causing progressive retinal atrophy in Old Danish Pointing Dog
Authors: Karlskov‐Mortensen P. , Proschowsky H. F. , Gao F. , Fredholm M. 
Published: April 2018

SummaryProgressive retinal atrophy (PRA) is a common cause of blindness in many dog breeds. It is most often inherited as a simple Mendelian trait, but great genetic heterogeneity has been demonstrated both within and between breeds. In many breeds the genetic cause of the disease is not known, and until now, the Old Danish Pointing Dog (ODP) has been one of those breeds. ODP is one of the oldest dog breeds in Europe. Seventy years ago the breed almost vanished, but today a population still exists, primarily in Denmark but with some dogs in Germany and Sweden. PRA has been diagnosed in ODP since the late 1990s. It resembles late onset PRA in other dog breeds, and it is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait. In the present study, we performed whole‐genome sequencing and identified a single base insertion (c.3149_3150insC) in exon 1 of C17H2orf71. This is the same mutation previously found to cause PRA in Gordon Setters and Irish Setters, and it was later found in Tibetan Terrier, Standard Poodle and the Polski Owczarek Nizinny. The presence of the mutation in such a diverse range of breeds indicates an origin preceding creation of modern dog breeds. Hence, we screened 262 dogs from 44 different breeds plus four crossbred dogs, and can subsequently add Miniature Poodle and another polish sheepdog, the Polski Owczarek Podhalanski, to the list of affected breeds.
Lymphocytic thrombophilic arteritis complicated by systemic involvement
Authors: Wee Edmund , Nikpour Mandana , Balta Showan , Williams Richard A , Kelly Robert I 
Published: April 2018

AbstractLymphocytic thrombophilic arteritis (LTA) is a recently described entity defined by primary lymphocytic vasculitis; it typically has a chronic indolent course. We describe a patient who presented with clinical and histological findings consistent with LTA and later developed bilateral focal testicular infarcts as well as an acute median nerve neuropathy.
Greater University Identification—But not Greater Contact—Leads to More Life Satisfaction: Evidence from a Spanish Longitudinal Study
Authors: Wakefield Juliet R.H. , Sani Fabio , Herrera Marina 
Published: April 2018

BackgroundA growing body of literature has highlighted the relationship between group identification (a subjective sense of belonging to one's social group, coupled with a subjective sense of commonality with the group's members) and well‐being. However, little of this work is longitudinal, and few studies address reciprocal causality or control for intensity of contact with fellow group members.MethodWe investigated the effect of university identification on satisfaction with life (SWL) over time (and vice versa) in 216 Spanish undergraduates, with seven months between T1 and T2.ResultsWhile greater university identification T1 predicted higher SWL T2, SWL T1 did not predict university identification T2. University contact T1 was unrelated to SWL T2.ConclusionsThese results show that university identification impacts positively on SWL over time (rather than SWL impacting positively on university identification over time), and this is not reducible to the effects exerted by university contact. The implications for those who work with students are discussed.
Letter: the role of direct‐acting anti‐virals in determining the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma development in patients with hepatitis C virus‐induced cirrhosis—Authors' reply
Authors: Mettke F. , Wedemeyer H. 
Published: April 2018

Linked ContentThis article is linked to Mettke et al and Kao and Su papers. To view these articles visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14427 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14565.
Editorial: is proton pump inhibitor use associated with worse outcomes in patients with liver abscesses? Authors’ reply
Authors: Bettinger D. , Thimme R. , Boettler T. 
Published: April 2018

Linked ContentThis article is linked to Bettinger et al and Tabibian and Lindor papers. To view these articles visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14512 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14568.
Systematic review with meta‐analysis: association between acetaminophen and nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and risk of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis exacerbation
Authors: Moninuola O. O. , Milligan W. , Lochhead P. , Khalili H. 
Published: April 2018

SummaryBackgroundUnlike acetaminophen, nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have generally been thought to be associated with increased risk of IBD exacerbation.AimTo carry out a systematic review and meta‐analysis of previous studies examining the association between acetaminophen and NSAIDs including cyclooxygenase (COX‐2) inhibitors use, and risk of Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) exacerbation.MethodsWe identified published manuscripts and abstracts through 1 March 2017 by systematic search of Medline, Embase, Cochrane and other trial registries. Quality assessment was done using Newcastle‐Ottawa scale and random‐effect meta‐analysis using pooled relative risks (RRs) and 95% CIs were calculated.ResultsEighteen publications between years 1983 and 2016 were identified. For the meta‐analysis, pooled RRs of disease exacerbation with NSAIDs use were (1.42, 95% CI, 0.65‐3.09), I2 = 60.3% for CD, and (1.52, 95% CI, 0.87‐2.63), I2 = 56.1% for UC. The corresponding values for acetaminophen use were (1.40, 95% CI, 0.96‐2.04), I2 = 45.6% for UC, and (1.56, 95% CI, 1.22‐1.99), I2 = 0.0% for IBD. Sensitivity analyses limited to studies with low risk of bias showed a significantly increased risk of CD exacerbation (1.53, 95% CI, 1.08‐2.16) but not UC (0.94, 95% CI, 0.36‐2.42) with NSAIDs use.ConclusionsContrary to generally accepted belief, we did not find a consistent association between NSAIDs use and risk of CD and UC exacerbation. There was also no consistent evidence for association with acetaminophen although further studies are needed.
Classification of European and Mediterranean coastal dune vegetation
Authors: Marcenò Corrado , Guarino Riccardo , Loidi Javier , Herrera Mercedes , Isermann Maike , Knollová Ilona , Tichý Lubomír , Tzonev Rossen T. , Acosta Alicia Teresa Rosario , FitzPatrick Úna , Iakushenko Dmytro , Janssen John A. M. , Jiménez‐Alfaro Borja , Kącki Zygmunt , Keizer‐Sedláková Iva , Kolomiychuk Vitaliy , Rodwell John S. , Schaminée Joop H. J. , Šilc Urban , Chytrý Milan 
Published: April 2018

AbstractAimsAlthough many phytosociological studies have provided detailed local and regional descriptions of coastal dune vegetation, a unified classification of this vegetation in Europe and the Mediterranean Basin has been missing. Our aim is to produce a formalized classification of this vegetation and to identify the main factors driving its plant species composition at a continental scale.LocationAtlantic and Baltic coasts of Europe, Mediterranean Basin and the Black Sea region.MethodsWe compiled a database of 30,759 plots of coastal vegetation, which were resampled to reduce unbalanced sampling effort, obtaining a data set of 11,769 plots. We classified these plots with TWINSPAN, interpreted the resulting clusters and used them for developing formal definitions of phytosociological alliances of coastal dune vegetation, which were included in an expert system for automatic vegetation classification. We related the alliances to climatic factors and described their biogeographic features and their position in the coastal vegetation zonation. We examined and visualized the floristic relationships among these alliances by means of DCA ordination.ResultsWe defined 18 alliances of coastal dune vegetation, including the newly described Centaureo cuneifoliae‐Verbascion pinnatifidi from the Aegean region. The main factors underlying the differentiation of these alliances were biogeographic and macroclimatic contrasts between the Atlantic–Baltic, Mediterranean and Black Sea regions, along with ecological differences between shifting and stable dunes. The main difference in species composition was between the Atlantic–Baltic and Mediterranean–Black Sea regions. Within the former region, the main difference was driven by the different ecological conditions between shifting and stable dunes, whereas within the latter, the main difference was biogeographic between the Mediterranean and the Black Sea.ConclusionsThe first formal classification of the European coastal dune vegetation was established, accompanied by an expert system containing the formal definitions of alliances, which can be applied to new data sets. The new classification system critically revised the previous concepts and integrated them into a consistent framework, which reflects the main gradients in species composition driven by biogeographic influences, macroclimate and the position of the sites in the coast–inland zonation of the dune systems. A revision of the class concept used in EuroVegChecklist is also proposed.