bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of pediatric cancer on family relationships
Authors: Erker Craig , Yan Ke , Zhang Liyun , Bingen Kristin , Flynn Kathryn E. , Panepinto Julie 
Published: March 2018

AbstractLittle is known about the impact of cancer on family relationships from the perspective of the pediatric cancer patient and their sibling(s). This study assessed and compared children's experiences of family relationships in patients receiving active cancer therapy, those who have completed therapy, and siblings. A cross‐sectional study of children with cancer and their siblings aged 8–17 years old was conducted. Children completed the PROMIS Pediatric Family Relationships short form and the Depressive Symptoms, Anxiety, and Peer Relationships short forms. The Mann–Whitney test assessed differences in Family Relationships scores between therapy groups, while the Wilcoxon signed‐rank test assessed differences between patients and siblings. An actor–partner interdependence model (APIM) was used to assess how patient and sibling variables were associated with their own and each others’ family relationships. Two hundred and sixty‐five children completed the assessments. Siblings of patients on‐therapy had worse family relationships than patients on‐therapy (P = 0.015). Family relationships of patients off‐therapy did not differ from their siblings or the patients on‐therapy. Family relationships scores did not differ between the sibling cohorts. The APIM found patient family relationships were impaired when their own peer relationships decreased and when either their own or their siblings had increased depressive symptoms. Sibling family relationships were impaired when their own depression increased, and when the patient counterpart was female, younger age, had less depressive symptoms, more anxiety or a diagnosis of leukemia/lymphoma (compared to solid tumor). Based on these findings, increased psychosocial resources for patients and siblings of children undergoing cancer therapy may be warranted.
Prostate‐specific antigen nadir within 12 months as an early surrogate marker of biochemical failure and distant metastasis after low‐dose‐rate brachytherapy or external beam radiotherapy for localized prostate cancer
Authors: Nishimura Shuichi , Ohashi Toshio , Momma Tetsuo , Sakayori Masanori , Eriguchi Takahisa , Tanaka Tomoki , Yamashita Shoji , Kosaka Takeo , Oya Mototsugu , Shigematsu Naoyuki 
Published: March 2018

AbstractProstate‐specific antigen nadir (nPSA) after radiotherapy for localized prostate cancer has been investigated as a predictor. However, nPSA usually requires several years, limiting its clinical utility. We investigated the significance of nPSA within 12 months (nPSA12) after low‐dose‐rate prostate brachytherapy (LDR‐PB) or external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) on treatment outcomes. Between 2006 and 2014, 663 patients with prostate cancer were treated with LDR‐PB or EBRT at two institutions. Four hundred and seventy‐four men received LDR‐PB and 189 men received EBRT, without androgen deprivation therapy. The Kaplan–Meier method was used for biochemical failure (BF)‐free survival (BFFS) and distant metastasis (DM)‐free survival (DMFS) analyses, and multivariable Cox regression analysis was performed. The median follow‐up was 61.3 months. The median nPSA12 in the LDR‐PB and EBRT cohorts was 0.7 and 1.0 ng/mL, respectively. The 7‐year BFFS and DMFS rates in LDR‐PB patients with nPSA12 ≤ 0.7 ng/mL were 99.1% and 99.5%, respectively; when nPSA12 was >0.7 ng/mL, they were 90.2% and 94.8%, respectively. In EBRT patients with nPSA12 ≤ 1.0 ng/mL, BFFS and DMFS rates were 85.4% and 98.5%, respectively; when nPSA12 was >1.0 ng/mL, they were 67.1% and 87.2%, respectively. nPSA12 was an independent predictor of BF and DM in both cohorts (LDR‐PB, P = 0.004 and 0.020, respectively; EBRT, P = 0.005 and 0.041, respectively). The nPSA12 after LDR‐PB or EBRT is significantly associated with treatment outcomes of prostate cancer. Higher nPSA12 may identify patients at high risk of relapse who might benefit from salvage treatment.
A novel monoclonal antibody KMP1 has potential antitumor activity of bladder cancer by blocking CD44 in vivo and in vitro
Authors: Chen Yujin , Wang Haifeng , Zuo Yigang , Li Ning , Ding Mingxia , Li Chong 
Published: March 2018

AbstractBladder cancer becomes a serious medical and social concern due to its high recurrence and mortality rates. Thus, it is urgent to search a novel prognostic biomarker and targeted therapy with high sensitivity and specificity. In this study, we used the human bladder cancer cell line EJ as an immunogen to generate a novel mouse monoclonal antibody KMP1 that specifically bound to bladder cancer, and then, the antitumor effect of KMP1 against bladder cancer was investigated both in vivo and in vitro. The results showed that expression of the KMP1 epitope is consistent with clinical severity and prognosis of bladder cancer. Furthermore, KMP1 not only significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration, and adhesion of EJ cells in vivo, but also suppressed the xenograft tumor growth in nude mice compared with the control group treated with mIgG. Subsequently, the underlying mechanism of KMP1 against bladder cancer was explored via antigen affinity chromatography and mass spectrometry. CD44 located on the cytomembrane was found as the antigen of KMP1. Using RNA interference technology to knock down CD44 expression, we further identified that KMP1 has the antitumor activity by binding to CD44 and blocking its functions. In conclusion, KMP1 might be valuable for development as a promising specific diagnostic biomarker or targeted agent for bladder cancer.
A phase 4 study of nilotinib in Korean patients with Philadelphia chromosome‐positive chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase: ENESTKorea
Authors: Shin Junghoon , Koh Youngil , Yoon Seo Hyun , Cho Joo‐Youn , Kim Dae‐Young , Lee Kyoo‐Hyung , Kim Hyeong‐Joon , Ahn Jae‐Sook , Kim Yeo‐Kyeoung , Park Jinny , Sohn Sang‐Kyun , Moon Joon Ho , Lee Yoo Jin , Yoon Seonghae , Lee Jeong‐Ok , Cheong June‐Won , Kim Kyoung Ha , Kim Sung‐Hyun , Kim Hoon‐Gu , Kim Hawk , Nam Seung‐Hyun , Do Young Rok , Park Sang‐Gon , Park Seong Kyu , Bae Sung Hwa , Song Hun Ho , Shin Dong‐Yeop , Oh Doyeun , Kim Min Kyoung , Jung Chul Won , Park Seonyang , Kim Inho 
Published: March 2018

AbstractAlthough nilotinib has improved efficacy compared to imatinib, suboptimal response and intolerable adverse events (AEs) limit its effectiveness in many patients with chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase (CML‐CP). We investigated the 2‐year efficacy and safety of nilotinib and their relationships with plasma nilotinib concentrations (PNCs). In this open‐label, multi‐institutional phase 4 study, 110 Philadelphia chromosome‐positive CML‐CP patients were treated with nilotinib at a starting dose of 300 mg twice daily. Molecular responses (MRs) and AEs were monitored for up to 24 months. The 24‐month cumulative MR4.5 rate was evaluated as the primary endpoint. Plasma samples were collected from 94 patients to determine PNCs, and the per‐patient mean was used to categorize them into four mean PNC (MPNC) groups. Cumulative MR rates and safety were compared between groups. With a median follow‐up of 22.2 months, the 24‐month cumulative MR4.5 rate was 56.2% (95% confidence interval, 44.0%–8.3%), and the median time to MR4.5 was 23.3 months. There were no significant differences in the cumulative rates of major molecular response, MR4, and MR4.5 between MPNC groups. One patient died due to acute viral hepatitis, and two developed hematological or cytogenetic relapse, while no progression to accelerated or blast phase was observed. Safety results were consistent with previous studies with no new safety signal identified. Across the MPNC groups, there was no significant linear trend in the frequency of AEs. Nilotinib is highly effective for the treatment of CML‐CP with manageable AEs. The measurement of PNC has no predictive value for patient outcomes and is thus not found to be clinically useful. This study is registered with clinicaltrials.gov, Number NCT03332511.
Induction of Signal Transduction by Using Non‐Channelrhodopsin‐Type Optogenetic Tools
Authors: Ueda Yoshibumi , Sato Moritoshi 
Published: March 2018

AbstractSignal transductions are the basis for all cellular functions. Previous studies investigating signal transductions mainly relied on pharmacological inhibition, RNA interference, and constitutive active/dominant negative protein expression systems. However, such studies do not allow the modulation of protein activity with high spatial and temporal precision in cells, tissues, and organs in animals. Recently, non‐channelrhodopsin‐type optogenetic tools for regulating signal transduction have emerged. These photoswitches address several disadvantages of previous techniques, and allow us to control a variety of signal transductions such as cell membrane dynamics, calcium signaling, lipid signaling, and apoptosis. In this review we summarize recent advances in the development of such photoswitches and in how these optotools are applied to signaling processes.
Post‐cationic Modification of a Pyrimidine‐Based Conjugated Microporous Polymer for Enhancing the Removal Performance of Anionic Dyes in Water
Authors: Liu Yuchuan , Cui Yuanzheng , Zhang Chenghui , Du Jianfeng , Wang Shun , Bai Yang , Liang Zhiqiang , Song Xiaowei 
Published: March 2018

AbstractIonic porous organic polymers have attracted much attention due to their broad applications in catalysis, energy storage/conversion, proton conduction, etc. In this paper, an ionic porous organic polymer, CMP‐PM‐Me, was synthesized through post‐synthetic modification of a pyrimidine‐based conjugated microporous polymer, CMP‐PM, which was constructed by the palladium catalyzed Sonogashira reaction of 1,3,5‐triethynylbenzen and 2,5‐dibromopyrimidine. These two polymers are porous with Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface areas of 416 and 241 m2 g−1 for CMP‐PM and CMP‐PM‐Me, respectively. Due to the cationic framework, CMP‐PM‐Me exhibits a much faster and more efficient adsorption performance to anionic dyes such as Congo red (CR) and methyl orange (MO) than that of CMP‐PM with a neutral framework. The uptakes for CR are 400.0 mg g−1 for CMP‐PM‐Me and 344.8 mg g−1 for CMP‐PM, respectively. Furthermore, CMP‐PM‐Me could quickly and drastically separate anionic dyes from the binary mixed solution of anionic and nonanionic dyes within a short time. This work not only enriches the family of ionic organic porous polymers and widens their synthetic utility, but also demonstrates their applications in the adsorption and separation of anionic dyes in water.
A Free Silanide from Nucleophilic Substitution at Silicon(II)
Authors: Witteman Léon , Evers Tim , Lutz Martin , Moret Marc‐Etienne 
Published: March 2018

AbstractA computationally guided synthetic route to a free silanide derived from tris(3‐methylindol‐2‐yl)methane ([(tmim)Si]−) through nucleophilic substitution on the SiII precursor (Idipp)SiCl2 is reported (Idipp=2,3‐dihydro‐1,3‐bis(2,6‐diisopropylphenyl)‐1H‐imidazol‐2‐ylidene). This approach circumvents the need for strained tetrahedral silanes as synthetic intermediates. Computational investigations show that the electron‐donating properties of [(tmim)Si]− are close to those of PMe3. Experimentally, the [(tmim)Si]− anion is shown to undergo clean complexation to the base metal salts CuCl and FeCl2, demonstrating the potential utility as a supporting ligand.
An Isoindigo‐Based “Double‐Cable” Conjugated Polymer for Single‐ Component Polymer Solar Cells
Authors: Yu Changshi , Xu Yunhua , Li Cheng , Feng Guitao , Yang Fan , Li Junyu , Li Weiwei 
Published: March 2018

AbstractAn isoindigo‐based “double‐cable” conjugated polymer bearing perylene bisimide side units was developed via Stille polymerization for application in single‐component polymer solar cells, in which a power conversion efficiency of 1% with broad photo‐response from 300 nm to 800 nm was achieved. There is no evidence of large phase separation confirmed by AFM images and photoluminescence (PL) spectra. The space charge limit current measurements and light intensity dependence measurements indicate that the low electron mobility and the significant recombination of photogenerated charge carriers in active layer mainly account for the low performance of our solar cells. Our results suggest that these “double‐cable” are promising candidates for use in single‐component polymer solar cells with NIR photoresponse.
„The paradox of ion radii“ – experimental establishing of (hydrated) ion radii of different cations observed by the intercalation into Prussian Blue
Authors: Wagner Corina , Blank Martin , Oetken Marco 
Published: March 2018

AbstractDie oktaedrische Berliner Blau‐Struktur eignet sich gut zur Einlagerung von monovalenten Kationen aus wässrigen Lösungen. Aufgrund der Größe der Oktaederlücken können jedoch nur bestimmte Ionen mit Hydrathülle eingelagert werden. Die Größe der Ionenradien mit Hydrathülle der I. Hauptgruppe können durch das unterschiedliche Einlagerungsverhalten und das gleichzeitige Umfärben von blau zu transparent mit dem elektrochromen Material Berliner Blau eindrucksvoll für die Schule veranschaulicht werden.
Capture of tobacco use among population‐based registries: Findings from 10 National Program of Cancer Registries states
Authors: Siegel David A. , Henley S. Jane , Wike Jennifer M. , Ryerson A. Blythe , Johnson Christopher J. , Rees Judy R. , Pollack Lori A. ,   the Enhancement of NPCR for Comparative Effectiveness Research Team
Published: March 2018

BACKGROUNDTobacco use data are important when the epidemiology and prognosis of tobacco‐associated cancers are being defined. Central cancer registries in 10 National Program of Cancer Registries states pilot‐tested the collection of standardized tobacco use variables. This study evaluated the capture of tobacco use data and examined smoking prevalence among cancer patients.METHODSParticipating registries collected data about the use of tobacco—cigarettes, other smoked tobacco, and smokeless tobacco—for cases diagnosed during 2011‐2013. The percentage of cases with known tobacco variable values was calculated, and the prevalence of tobacco use was analyzed by the primary cancer site and state.RESULTSAmong 1,646,505 incident cancer cases, 51% had known cigarette use data: 18% were current users, 31% were former users, and 51% reported never using. The percentage of cases with a known status for both other smoked tobacco and smokeless tobacco was 43%, with 97% and 98% coded as never users, respectively. The percent known for cigarette use ranged from 27% to 81% by state and improved from 47% in 2011 to 59% in 2013 for all 10 states combined. The percent known for cigarette use and the prevalence of ever smoking cigarettes were highest for laryngeal cancer and tracheal, lung, and bronchus cancer.CONCLUSIONSCancer registrars ascertained cigarette use for slightly more than half of all new cancer cases, but other tobacco‐related fields were less complete. Studies to evaluate the validity of specific tobacco‐related variables and the ability of cancer registries to capture this information from the medical record are needed to gauge the usefulness of collecting these variables through cancer surveillance systems. Cancer 2018;124:2381‐9. © 2018 American Cancer Society.
Erlotinib in the treatment of recurrent or metastatic cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: A single‐arm phase 2 clinical trial
Authors: Gold Kathryn A. , Kies Merrill S. , William William N. , Johnson Faye M. , Lee J. Jack , Glisson Bonnie S. 
Published: March 2018

BACKGROUNDCutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) is a very common malignancy in which most patients present with localized disease. Recurrent and metastatic disease is rare, and there is no standard therapy. These tumors frequently overexpress the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). We conducted a phase 2 trial to determine the response rate to therapy with erlotinib, an EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor, in patients with locoregionally recurrent or metastatic CSCC that was not amenable to curative treatment (NCT01198028).METHODSEligible patients had CSCC not amenable to curative intent therapy. Patients who had previously received anti‐EGFR targeted therapy were excluded. All patients received oral therapy with erlotinib 150 mg daily. Response was assessed every 8 weeks, and treatment continued until progression, unacceptable toxicity, or withdrawal of consent. The primary endpoint was overall response rate according to RECIST 1.1 criteria.RESULTSA total of 39 patients received treatment during the trial; 29 of these patients were evaluable for response. The overall response rate was 10% (3/29); all responses were partial responses. The disease control rate (partial response + stable disease) was 72% (21/29). The median progression‐free survival was 4.7 months (95% confidence interval, 3.5‐6.2 months); the median overall survival was 13 months (95% confidence interval, 8.4‐20.5 months). No unexpected toxicities were seen.CONCLUSIONErlotinib therapy was feasible for most patients with incurable CSCC and was associated with expected toxicities. However, only a modest response rate of 10% was observed. Further study of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors in this patient population is not warranted. Cancer 2018;124:2169‐73. © 2018 American Cancer Society.
Pharmacokinetics, Safety, and Tolerability of Lamotrigine Chewable/Dispersible Tablet Following Repeat‐Dose Administration in Healthy Chinese Volunteers
Authors: Li Yan , Zhang Fan , Xu Yanmei , Hu Joice , Li Huafang 
Published: March 2018

AbstractIn this open‐label, single‐center study, the pharmacokinetics, safety, and tolerability of lamotrigine chewable/dispersible tablets were assessed in healthy Chinese volunteers. Each volunteer (N = 16) received repeat doses of oral lamotrigine titrated from 25 mg to 50 mg to 100 mg over 42 days and was followed up for 10‐17 days. Safety and tolerability were assessed throughout the study. Lamotrigine pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated using noncompartmental analysis. Overall, 15 (94%) volunteers completed the study. Lamotrigine serum concentrations peaked 2.5 hours postdose, with a mean terminal half‐life of 36.8 hours. The apparent lamotrigine oral clearance was 1577.88 mL/h. The accumulation ratios (day 14 vs day 1) were 2.53 and 2.58 for area under the curve and peak concentration, respectively. Lamotrigine 25 to 100 mg once daily exhibited dose‐proportional pharmacokinetics (based on area under the curve and peak concentration), following repeat dosing. Nine volunteers reported adverse events, 2 experienced oropharyngeal pain, each receiving 25 mg and 50 mg. One volunteer withdrew due to an increase in liver enzymes. No deaths, serious adverse effects, or skin rashes were reported during the study. No new safety concerns were observed. Overall, the pharmacokinetic profiles after repeat doses of lamotrigine chewable/dispersible tablets once daily in a Chinese population were similar to those observed in Western populations.
Enhancing Zeolite Performance by Catalyst Shaping in a Mesoscale Continuous‐Flow Diels–Alder Process
Authors: Seghers Sofie , Lefevere Jasper , Mullens Steven , De Vylder Anton , Thybaut Joris W. , Stevens Christian V. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractIn contrast to most lab‐scale batch procedures, a continuous‐flow implementation requires a thorough consideration of the solid catalyst design. In a previous study, irregular zeolite pellets were applied in a miniaturized continuous‐flow reactor for the Diels–Alder reaction in the construction of norbornene scaffolds. After having faced the challenges of continuous operation, the aim of this study is to exploit catalyst structuring. To this end, microspheres with high uniformity and various sphere diameters were synthesized according to the vibrational droplet coagulation method. The influence of the use of these novel zeolite shapes in a mesoscale continuous‐flow Diels–Alder process of cyclopentadiene and methyl acrylate is discussed. An impressive enhancement of catalyst lifetime is demonstrated, as even after a doubled process time of 14 h, the microspheres still exceeded the conversion after 7 h when using zeolite pellets by 30 %. A dual reason is found for this beneficial impact of catalyst shaping. The significant improvement in catalyst longevity can be attributed to the interplay of the chemical composition and the porosity structure of the microspheres.
Quantification of number of CD38 sites on bone marrow plasma cells in patients with light chain amyloidosis and smoldering multiple myeloma
Authors: Kriegsmann Katharina , Dittrich Tobias , Neuber Brigitte , Awwad Mohamed H. S. , Hegenbart Ute , Goldschmidt Hartmut , Hillengass Jens , Hose Dirk , Seckinger Anja , Müller‐Tidow Carsten , Ho Anthony D. , Schönland Stefan , Hundemer Michael 
Published: March 2018

BackgroundRecent approaches in multiple myeloma (MM) treatment have targeted CD38. As antigen expression levels on plasma cells (PCs) were demonstrated to affect response to monoclonal antibody (mAb) treatment, a precise characterization of PC phenotype is warranted.MethodsAnti‐CD38 mAb (isatuximab) was tested for antibody‐dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) in MM cell lines. Quantification of the number of sites (NOS) of CD38 on bone marrow PCs and other immune cells obtained from light chain (AL) amyloidosis (n = 46) and smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM) patients (n = 19) was performed with two different quantitative flow cytometry (QFCM) applications.ResultsADCC activity of isatuximab was observed in cell lines with >100 × 103 CD38‐NOS only. The average PC CD38‐NOS was 153 ± 53 × 103 in AL amyloidosis and 138.7 ± 53 × 103 in SMM patients. Eight (17%) AL amyloidosis and 4 (21%) SMM patients showed a PC CD38‐NOS level <100 × 103. In four AL amyloidosis and two SMM patients <10% of PCs had a CD38‐NOS ≥100 × 103. The CD38‐NOS identified on bone marrow lymphocytes, monocytes, and granulocytes was two log units below the CD38‐NOS on PCs (P < 0.001). No significant differences in CD38‐NOS expression levels on any of the analyzed PC subpopulations in AL amyloidosis and SMM patients were identified.ConclusionLevels of CD38 expression affect the isatuximab‐mediated ADCC in vitro. As PCs of patients with AL amyloidosis and SMM do not homogenously express high CD38 our data provide a rationale for assessment of CD38‐NOS in patients with PC disorders prior to anti‐CD38 treatment. © 2018 International Clinical Cytometry Society
Use of capillary electrophoresis for characterisation of vinyl‐terminated Au nanoprisms and nanooctahedra
Authors: Adelantado Carlos , Algarra Manuel , Zougagh Mohammed , Ríos Ángel 
Published: March 2018

AbstractIt is described a simple, rapid and efficient methodology to characterise and separate gold nanoprisms and nanooctahedra by capillary electrophoresis. This technique is suitable to distinguish between morphologies and it can be used as a powerful separation tool after a customised synthesis of both structures. This synthesis was carried out by amending two parameters, temperature and pH, and a sharp decrease was found in nanotriangles when temperature was increased from 70 up to 95°C. However, when the synthesis was performed at a given temperature, an increase in pH did not promote an important change in isolation of any structure until pH = 9.5, critical in the final morphology of the nanoparticle. Gold nanoprisms and nanooctahedra were successfully separated by capillary electrophoresis according to differences in charge‐to‐mass ratio of the morphologies. Final particle morphology was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy analysis. Under optimal working conditions, a mixture containing both shapes of gold nanoparticles was initially injected and two major peaks were obtained for each structure. Capillary electrophoresis allowed to study pH and temperature influence on both morphologies. It was inferred that the ratio between triangles and octahedra decreased to a great extent when increasing both temperature and pH.