bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modification of Pb-Sb eutectic bearing-solder alloys with bismuth additions rapidly solidified from melt
Authors: Sayed Rizk El- , W. Mahdi Bilal , El-Bediwi Abu-Bakr , Kamal Mustafa 
Published: November 2018

In this work, various amounts of Bi element have been added to the eutectic Pb-Sb to form bearing- solder materials. The Pb-Sb eutectic has been produced by rapid solidification using melt spinning technique with various amounts of Bi have been added to it, in the ratio 1, 2 , 3, 4, and 5 wt.%. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X- ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) have been carried out.Â Microhardness measurements were also carried out using Vickerâ€™s hardness technique.Â The results showed that, the ternary alloys up to 4 wt.% BiÂ have properties superior to binary eutectic material.Â Â Bismuth up to 4wt. % increases the Youngâ€™s modulus, Vickerâ€™s hardness and decreases the electrical resistivity, internal friction and melting point.Â The ternary Pb-13.1Sb-4Bi solder alloy has a lower melting point about 237.87 ËšC. Also, the results show that formation of Bi phase developed the mechanical properties and Vickerâ€™s hardness due to addition of Bi element.Â Â The addition of Bi refines the crystal size of Sn in case of melt spun alloys as seen in scanning electron micrographs and X-ray diffraction.
MODELISATION DE L'INFLUENCE DU TRAITEMENT THERMIQUE SUR LES PROPRIETES MECANIQUES DES ALLIAGES ALUMINIUM-CUIVRE (Al-Cu)
Authors: Madani Saad El , ELHAMZI S. , IBNLFASSI A. , ZERROUK L. , LENDA O. BEN , KATTEN J. , YASSINE Y. AIT , BOUIRDEN L. 
Published: November 2018

In order to master and improve the quality and properties of the final products, the major industrial challenge lies in the possibility of controlling the morphology, size of microstructures that reside within the molded pieces, as well as their defects; this is the fundamental reason according to which we are more and more interested in mastering the growth and germination of such alloys, as well as the developing structures, at the time of solidification process. The modeling reveals as a valuable aid in the mastery of the formation of such heterogeneousness: segregation cells that are incompatible with industrial requirements.Â Â The whole work focuses upon the modeling of the segregation phenomenon of the four hypoeutectic alloys, Al1%Cu, Al2%Cu, Al3%Cu et Al4%Cu, as well as the copper effect upon certain mechanical properties of aluminum. Usually, the microstructure and mechanical behavior of such alloys as Al-Cu are directly influenced by some parameters such as composition, cooling velocity and homogenization process.
An analysis of the transport properties and mechanical stability of rapidly solidified Al-Sb alloy
Authors: Sayed Rizk El- , Kamal Mustafa , El-Bediwi Abu-Bakr , Solaiman Qutaiba Rasheed 
Published: November 2018

The structure of a series of AlSb alloys prepared by melt spinning have been studied in the as meltâ€“spun ribbons Â as a function of antimony content .The stabilityÂ of these structures hasÂ beenÂ related to that of the transport and mechanical properties of the alloy ribbons. Microstructural analysis was performed and it was found that only Al and AlSb phases formed for different composition. Â The electrical, thermal and the stability of the mechanical properties are related indirectly through the influence of the antimony content. The results are interpreted in terms of the phase change occurring to alloy system. Electrical resistivity, thermal conductivity, elastic moduli and the values of microhardness are found to be more sensitive than the internal friction to the phase changes.Â
PRODUCTION OF Ge1-xLnxS MONOCRYSTALS AND THEIR ELECTROPHYSICAL AND PHOTOELETRIC PROPERTIES
Authors: Alekperov Aydin 
Published: November 2018

Among semiconductor materials wich can be citilized for recording optical information and holograms of considerable interest are layered materials.Inparticulas, GeSmonocrystals belong to them. A unique device of germanium sulphide that can contain a great quantity of lithium ionehaz been created recently of the University North Carolina. Such material is perfectly suitable as starting stock in manufacturing solar panels. Along with these propertiesÂ germaniummonosulphideposseffesÂ change-over and memory effects. To widen the scope of using GeSmonocrystal it was introduced into the matrix of atoms of rare-earth elements (Nd,Sm,Gd). The present research explores the formation of Ge1-xLnxS (where Ln-Nd.Sm,Gd) monocrystals and studies their electrophysical and photoelectrical properties.
HOMOTOPY ANALYSIS METHOD TO SOLVE BOUSSINESQ EQUATIONS
Authors: Nargund Achala , Madhusudhan R , Sathyanarayana S B 
Published: November 2018

In this paper, Homotopy analysis method is applied to the nonlinear coupleddifferential equations of classical Boussinesq system. We have applied Homotopy analysisÂ method (HAM) for the application problems in [1, 2, 3, 4]. We have also plotted Domb-SykesÂ plot for the region of convergence. We have applied Pade for the HAM series to identify theÂ singularity and reflect it in the graph. The HAM is a analytical technique which is used toÂ solve non-linear problems to generate a convergent series. HAM gives complete freedom toÂ choose the initial approximation of the solution, it is the auxiliary parameter h which gives us aÂ convenient way to guarantee the convergence of homotopy series solution. It seems that moreartificial degrees of freedom implies larger possibility to gain better approximations by HAM.
Non-abelian whole gauge symmetry
Authors: Doria Renato 
Published: November 2018

The wholeness principle is analysed for non-abelian gauge symmetry. This principle statesÂ that nature acts through grouping. It says that physical laws should be derived from eldsÂ associations. At this work, we consider on the possibility of introducting a non-abelian eldsÂ set fAaIg under a common gauge parameter.A Yang-Mills extension is studied. Taking the SU(N) symmetry group with differentÂ potential elds rotating under a same group, new elds strengths are developed. They expressÂ covariant entities which are granular, collective, correlated, and not necessarily Lie algebraÂ valued. They yield new scalars and a Lagrangian beyond Yang-Mills is obtained. ClassicalÂ equations are derived and (2N + 7) equations are developed.Â A further step is on how such non-abelian whole symmetry is implemented at SU(N)Â gauge group. For this, it is studied on the algebra closure and Jacobi identities, BianchiÂ identities, Noether theorem, gauge xing, BRST symmetry, conservation laws, covariance,Â charges algebra. As result, one notices that it is installed at SU(N) symmetry independentlyon the number of involved elds. Given this consistency, Yang-Mills should not more beÂ considered as the unique Lagrangian performed from SU(N).Introducting the BRST symmetry an invariant Leff is stablished. The BRST chargeÂ associated to the N-potential elds system is calculated and its nilpotency property obtained.Others conservations laws involving ghost scale, global charges are evalued showing that thisÂ whole symmetry extension preserve the original Yang-Mills algebra. Also the ghost numberÂ is conserved. These results imply that Yang-Mills should be understood as a pattern and notÂ as a specic Lagrangian.Concluding, an extended Lagrangian can be constructed. It is possible to implement aÂ non-abelian whole gauge symmetry based on a elds set fAaIg. Its physical feature is aÂ systemic interpretation for the physical processes. Understand complexity from whole gaugeÂ symmetry.
The Contribution of Degenerate Electron Pressure to The Stability of The Outer Region of Thin Keplerian Accretion Disks Around a Neutron Star
Authors: Demissie Abbi Seyoum 
Published: November 2018

The stability analysis of a geometrically thin, gas-pressure dominated accretion disk aroundÂ a neutron star is presented. In purely radial perturbation case, thin disk is stable to thermal modes. The stability is analyzed at a small temperature, that is temperature approaching zero and at definite temperature. The contribution of both fully and partially degenerate electrons pressure for the stability of the disk in its outer region is investigated. We find that the disk is stable in this region, where the gas pressure is more dominant than radiation pressure.
Effect of uniform electromagnetic field on the trajectory of a free jet in a resistant medium proportional to the velocity.
Authors: Orukari Mercy Amaebi , A. T Ngiangia, 
Published: November 2018

The effect of electromagnetic field in a resistant medium of a free jet was carried out. The solutions of the governing equations showed that increase in electric field also increases the Â velocity profile of the fluid while increase in magnetic field decreases the velocity of the fluid particle. Increase in path angle beyondÂ radian, shows improved location of objects in a resistant medium proportional to the velocity.Â
Properties of signature partner superdeformed bands in mercury nuclei
Authors: Abokilla Mahmoud , Yassin Hayam , Abo Elyazeed Eman R. 
Published: November 2018

The properties of superdeformed (SD) bands of five pairs signature partners in mercury nuclei have been systematically analyzed in framework of four parameters formula including higher order terms of Bohr-Mottelson collective rotational energies. The level spins and the model parameters are determined by fitting procedure using a computer simulated search program in order to obtain minimum root mean square deviations between the calculated and the experimental transition energies.The best fitted parameters have been used to calculate the transition energies EÎ³, the rotational frequencies , the kinematic J(1) and dynamic J(2) moments of inertia. The calculated results agree excellently with the experimental data. J(2) is significantly larger than J(1) for all values of Â . Also J(2) show a smooth increase with increasing . The appearance of Î”I = 1 and Î”I = 2 staggering in Î³-ray transition energies have been examined by using the five-points formula representing the finite difference approximation to the fourth derivative of the Î³-ray transition energies at a given spin. The signature partners in Hg nuclei show large amplitude staggering. Also to appear the Î”I = 1 staggering, the transition energies relative to a rigid rotor with a moment of inertia J = 128.219 are plotted against spins for each signature partner pairs. The difference in transition energies between transitions in the two SD bands 191Hg(SD3)and 193Hg(SD3) are small, therefore, these two bands have been considered as identical bands.
On solving the nonlinear Biswas-Milovic equation with dual-power law nonlinearity using the extended tanh-function method
Authors: E. Zayed Elsayed M. 
Published: November 2018

In this article, we apply the extended tanh-function method to Â…nd the exact travelingÂ wave solutions of the nonlinear Biswas-Milovic equation (BME), which describes the prop-agation of solitons through optical Â…bers for trans-continental and trans-oceanic distances.Â This equation is a generalized version of the nonlinear SchrÃ¶dinger equation with dual-powerÂ law nonlinearity. With the aid of computer algebraic system Maple, both constant and time-dependent coeÂ¢ cients of BME are discussed. Comparison between our new results and theÂ well-known results is given. The given method in this article is straightforward, conciseÂ and can be applied to other nonlinear partial diÂ¤erential equations (PDEs) in mathematicalphysics.
Physical and Optical Properties of The Films Ð’i2Te3-Bi2Se3
Authors: Akhmedov Gurban 
Published: November 2018

Results of researches show, that film p-n the structures received by a method of discrete thermal evaporation in a uniform work cycle, are suitable for use in low-voltage devices.Â As a result of work are received p-n heterojunctions in thin-film execution, described by high values of differential resistance. Show that, thermo endurance - T0 maybe using as characteristic of thermo endurance of optic materials. If heating flow, destruction temperature and internal surface temperature is measured during test, it is possible to determine value T0 and other necessity characteristics. As a result of the taking test was lead to comparison evaluation of considered materials. Working range of heating flow and up level heating embark have been determined.
Wave Nature
Authors: Van Zanten Leonard None 
Published: November 2018

This essay provides evidence that light and other such waves never at all travel on a continues sine formation, and that at no time these are produced at their full frequency. With further evidence that the dispersion of light is never at all by any change in velocity but by incidence only, and that all waves exist by half-lengths only. And in order to do it justice my exposition became rather lengthy, I therefore beg your patience to bear with me to the end.Â This issue then may prove to be a giant step forward in the knowledge of fundamentals.
Low-Inductive Extended Z-Discharge As a Manyrange Source of Radiations
Authors: Burtsev Vladimir , Kalinin Nikolay , Vaganov Sergey 
Published: November 2018

The present paper summarizes the results of studying of Â nanosecond low-inductive extended zâ€‘discharge as source of electromagnetic Â radiations and analyzes the works of other research groups that can throw upon additional light and hereunder promote to best understanding of physics of the phenomena and processes observed in authors' researches. The analysis is of main interest towards development of compact electrodischarge sources of coherent and low-coherent radiation including X-ray range.
On approximate $\sigma$-homomorphisms and derivations on $C^*$-ternary
Authors: Kim Soo Hwan 
Published: November 2018

In this paper, we proveÂ the generalized Hyers-Ulam stability of $\sigma$-homomorphismsÂ and derivations on $C^*$-ternary algebras associatedÂ with the generalized Cauchy-Jensen type additive functional equation\begin{equation*}\sum_{i=1}^n f\left(x_i +{1 \over n-1}\sum_{j=1, j \ne i}^n x_j\right)Â =2 \sum_{i=1}^n f(x_i)Â \end{equation*}where $n \in \Z^+$ is a fixed integers with $n \ge 2$.
The Effect of Water Salinity on Permeability of Oil Reservoir
Authors: O Alabi O. , Sedara Samuel 
Published: November 2018

The recovery of oil from clay-sandstone as revealed by past studies can be improved by increasing the concentration of the salinity in the core. This is as a result of the sensitivity of the clay-sandstone to the water salinity. Â Conversely, there is no established model to predict the permeability of core for a given concentration of brine and the value of concentration for optimum oil recovery. Data from experiment on clay content sandstone from different cores in Berea were analyzed and permeability was found as a function of concentration of brine as Â From the model for the variation of permeability of natural clay-sandstone as a function of Â Â brine concentration, 12179.79 kgm-3Â Â concentration of brine will give equivalent permeability of the natural core filled with air, in comparison with possible maximum permeability of the reservoir for optimum oil recovery.Â
Momentum Distribution Critical Exponents for 1D Hubbard model in a Magnetic Field
Authors: Nenuwe Nelson , A. Idiodi John O. 
Published: November 2018

Critical exponents at Â and Â Â for the momentum distribution function are studied for one-dimensional Hubbard model in the presence of magnetic field, using conformal field theory (CFT) approach. Exponents at Â and Â are reproduced. Results at Â is in contrast to earlier numerical prediction of 1, while at , the exponent is 49/8. The singularities at Â and Â appears to be weak and gradually degenerating into a smooth curve.
Spontaneous Photon Emissions in Photoreceptors: Potential Convergence of Arrhenius Reactions and the Latency for Rest Mass Photons to Accelerate to Planck Unit Energies
Authors: Persinger Michael A 
Published: November 2018

Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Spontaneous or phasic voltage shifts normally occur across the plasma membranes of photoreceptors without impingement from external photons on average once every ~38 s (26 mHz).Â There have been arguments that all living cells spontaneously exhibit Bokkon-type ~10-12 WÂ·m-2 ultraweak photon emissions (UPE) independent of temperature-based Arrhenius reactions.Â However the non-Gaussian distribution of the phasic voltage-photon events can be accommodated by the results of accelerating mass equivalents of resting photons into the time frame of single electron orbits which would require ~38 s. This condition is strongly dependent upon the presence of free protons within Pollackâ€™s interfacial water states. The duration associated with the energy from the magnetic moment of a proton in a 1 nT magnetic field generated by 2 pA currents through channels across the membrane when divided into Planckâ€™s constant is ~38 s. Second shell activation energies (~10-20 J) that are correlated with proton movements within a human photoreceptorâ€™s volume of water result in a rate constant that is equivalent to energy within the range of Cosmic Microwave Background.Â One solution to accommodate the median emission of ~2Â·10-12 WÂ·m-2 as a mass volume within a cell, the equivalent magnetic field strength of 1 nT, the interconnected 10-20 J and the diffusivity coupled to the hydrogen line suggests UPE may be reverse reactions from all living mass originating as Poppâ€™s primordial solar photon energy. If these convergence solutions are valid then non-local photon formation would be the source of these spontaneous shifts in photoreceptors that would be mediated by a plethora of local physical chemical manifestations.
Experimental Demonstration That Aharanov-Bohm Phase Shift Voltages In Optical Coupler Circuits of Tuned Patterned Magnetic Fields Is Critical for Inhibition of Malignant Cell Growth
Authors: Karbowski Lukasz M. , Murugan Nirosha J , Lafrenie Robert M , Persinger Michael A 
Published: November 2018

Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â The physical processes by which specific point duration magnetic fields affect aberrant expressions of living matter may involve non-classical mechanisms.Â The Aharanov-Bohm voltage for a quantum of energy that is convergent with the quotient of the protonâ€™s magnetic moment to its charge multiplied by the viscosity of water at homeostatic temperatures applied across the distance of O-H bonds in conjunction with its phase modulation is about Â±4.3 V. Application of frequency shifting, temporally-patterned magnetic fields produced by 3 ms point durations at average intensities of ~28 mG (that are equivalent to Nernst thresholds for plasma membranes) generated through optocoupler light emitting diodes produced the strongest inhibition of malignant cells growth when the pre-coupler value for the circuit maintenance was Â±4.3 V compared to increments of voltage below or above this value. Spatial expansion of the effective zone for growth diminishment also occurred with this pre-voltage level. These results indicate that phase modulation of the electrons mediating cellular molecular pathways may be central to the etiology and potential treatment of malignant cells but not Â for normal cellsâ€™ dynamics. Consideration of quantum effects rather than classical electromagnetic theory may be a more effective strategy for impeding the physical bases for the molecular pathways that define malignant cells.
The Gravitational Wave and Einstein Equation
Authors: Lo C. Y. 
Published: November 2018

Â Â Â According to the announcement of LIGO, it is exciting that the gravitational wave has been confirmed,. Perhaps, this is the time for physicists to fix the Einstein equation for the gravitational wave and the nonexistence of the dynamic solution. These two problems are inextricably related. As a first step, theorists should improve their pure mathematics beyond Einstein on non-linear mathematics and related physical considerations. Then, it is time to rectify the Einstein equation that has no gravitational wave solution which Einstein has recognized, and no dynamic solution that Einstein failed to see. Â Moreover, in view of the far distance of the sources, it is very questionable that one can determine they are black holes, which actually also have no theoretical basis.
Quantum And Relativistic Corollaries Of An Operative Definition Of Space Time
Authors: Tosto Sebastiano 
Published: November 2018

The paper introduces an â€ab initioâ€ theoretical model based on an operative definition of space time, regardedÂ as a combination of the fundamental constants of the nature. The paper shows that significant concepts ofÂ quantum mechanics and relativity are straightforward consequence of the proposed definition of space time.Some cosmological implications of the model are also shown.
Full potential linear augmented plane wave calculations of Electronic and Optical properties in ZnO
Authors: Benkraouda M. , Amrane N. 
Published: November 2018

Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â In this work we present self-consistent calculations for the electronic and optical properties of Zinc oxide. A theoretical investigation of the electronic properties (band structure, density of charge and contour map) and optical properties (refractive index, absorption coefficient, dielectric constants and reflectivity) of Zinc oxide semiconductor ZnO. A full-potential linearized augmented plane-wave (FPLAPW) method was used within the density functional theory (DFT) along with the generalized gradient approximation (GGA96) exchange correlation potential. The results are compared with the experimental data available and some other theoretical work. We found that the GGA approximation yields only a small improvement to the band gap, however, if we allow for a rigid shift of the band structure, the so-called scissorâ€™s operator, the optical properties are excellently reproduced.
Thermal Properties of Soil Samples from Coastal Sand Landform in Ilaje Local Government Area of Ondo State, Nigeria
Authors: S. Oluyamo S. , F. Famutimi O. , Adekoya Mathew , M. Aramide T. 
Published: November 2018

This study examines the thermal conductivity of some selected soil samples from coastal sandlandform inIlaje local government area of Ondo State, Nigeria. The soil samples were sieved into different particle sizes; 300 , 425 , 600 , 850 , and 1180 Â with appropriate mesh and moulded in form of a Leeâ€™s disc. The thermal conductivity of the samples was determined using parallel plate method. The value of the thermal conductivity increase as the moisture content increaseand decrease with increase in particle sizes for the soil samples. The values of the thermal conductivity obtainedÂ Â rangedbetween 0.3444 Â and1.8894 . It was noted that the conductivity of the landforms conforms to the range of conductivities of soil required for some specific crops such as maize, cowpea, pineapple, okro and root crops. The results in the research would be useful to soil/building and soil scientists as well as modern mechanized farmers in determined Â appropriate land forms for agricultural and structural purposes.