bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Drilling’s Next Generation of Challenges
Authors: Rassenfoss Stephen 
Published: May 2018

Drilling is going off in a lot of directions. At the recent IADC/SPE Drilling Conference in Fort Worth, Texas, technical and panel presentations ranged from the first-ever report on the hottest well ever successfully drilled to tips on translating drilling performance data into numbers that management can appreciate.
It was a younger crowd than past conferences, reflecting the industry’s rapid generational change. Panelists noted that “millennials” bring key skills to the industry for a data-driven age, but have a lot to learn about running a business in this fast-changing sector.
The Industry’s New Generation Adds Skills But Faces Hurdles
The rapid generational change of exploration professionals was ac companied by dire warnings about all the experience lost. But the skill sets that younger workers bring with them could provide the industry with the expertise needed to make a big, belated, technology shift.
“Five years ago, the average age of a geoscientist was 65 years. There was talk of a wave of retirements that would wipe out all the knowledge in this industry. You have not heard that in a couple of years. All those people retiring were not nearly as critical” as thought, said Jim Wicklund, managing director for oilfield services research at Credit Suisse.
The comment was made during a discussion of the future of technology at a panel session during the conference.
Those industry newcomers grew up in a wired world where knowing how to get the most out of software is as common as rebuilding engines was for the generation that came in during the 1980s. The panel discussion was sandwiched in between technical sessions focused on gathering and using real-time data to maximize productivity and strides made in automated drilling.
“Millennials are not the bottleneck here. A change of generation will radically accelerate technology,” said Karl Blanchard, executive vice president and chief operating officer at Weatherford, adding that, “We in management are the bottleneck. They grew up with the technology.”
They are a promising group with needed skills, but they also have a lot to learn.
As the father of a son who works in the oilfield services business, Blanchard is both proud of his son’s skills and has some blunt fatherly advice about the hard work it takes to sell ideas—such as building a network of supporters and establishing the credibility needed to get a hearing, and possibly a green light.
For Kuhan Chellappah, a drilling fluids specialist for BP, the future of the industry is his waking reality. He is still young, but with more than a decade in the industry he is among a relatively small group of technical experts with that level of experience.
DeepStar Accomplishments in Continued-Service Realm
Authors: Carpenter Chris 
Published: May 2018

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper OTC 27840, “Collective Summary of DeepStar Accomplishments Within Continued Service,” by Joseph Gomes, DeepStar, and Greg Kusinski, Chevron, prepared for the 2017 Offshore Technology Conference, Houston, 1–4 May. The paper has not been peer reviewed. Copyright 2017 Offshore Technology Conference. Reproduced by permission.
Offshore operators must grapple with ways to keep aging floating facilities on station beyond their original design life. DeepStar is an operator-funded research-and-development joint-industry consortium that includes members of the oil community such as oil and gas companies, vendors, regulators, and academic and research institutes working in multidisciplinary technology areas. The complete paper highlights successes of the consortium in the realm of continuous service.
Mooring-Integrity Management (MIM)
Moorings on floating production systems (FPSs) are safety-critical systems, but recent research indicates that there is an imbalance between the critical nature of mooring systems and the attention that they receive. Although they are meticulously engineered against a considerable array of known factors that could accelerate standard wear and tear, there have been numerous underlying causes of mooring-system failures historically. In addition to the complex technical consequences of a mooring-leg failure, one must consider the significant financial burdens posed by support, replacement-part, and lost-production costs. Because mooring systems are designed for a single-leg-failure scenario, production might be limited by reduced operating conditions while replacement mooring-leg components are procured, and any subsequent or concurrent shutdown period might affect production negatively while the repairs are made. Should the mooring-leg failure occur at a key structural connection of the mooring leg to the floating unit, then the repairs can be compounded further and, in some instances, might require removal of the system from the field.
After this issue was brought to the consortium committee’s attention, the riser-integrity-management (RIM) project was initiated, with the primary goal of developing MIM guidelines for permanent mooring systems. These guidelines are intended to serve as the foundation for future work within the industry for risk-based inspection planning for mooring systems.
A more-comprehensive, risk-based design of an MIM program can improve the safety performance of an operating asset significantly, with the added benefit of extending the longevity of its use as practically as possible while in the field. At the same time, application of a risk-based inspection program can be used to reduce costs further by targeting inspection activities to high-risk areas or components, acting as an early-warning sys-tem through early detection of changes that precede line failure.
Intelligent Completion in Laterals Becomes a Reality
Authors: Carpenter Chris 
Published: May 2018

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper SPE 183949, “Intelligent Completion in Laterals Becomes a Reality,” by Brett Bouldin, Robert Turner, Isidore Bellaci, and Yousif Abu Ahmad, Saudi Aramco, and Steven Dyer, Thales Oliveira, and Ali Bin Al-Sheikh, Schlumberger, prepared for the 2017 SPE Middle East Oil and Gas Show and Conference, Manama, Bahrain, 6–9 March. The paper has not been peer reviewed.
A producer and a service company have collaborated to develop a downhole system to merge multilateral technology and intelligent completions to create “smart laterals.” This approach is known as the extreme-reservoir-contact (ERC) approach to reservoir management. The complete paper discusses ERC completion technology that segments laterals into multiple compartments to provide flow rate, pressure, temperature, and water-cut measurements, together with variable choking in each compartment.
Technology-Development Program
Even the most-experienced and -diligent development teams cannot deal with an “unknown unknown,” defined here as a serious problem so deeply hidden that it eludes discovery by all laboratory prototype test methods. Therefore, full-scale tests and preliminary field trials must be conducted early as part of the development exercise. This approach was used successfully in Well Trial 1, which verified well-construction practices, and Well Trial 2, which tested prototype electrical control valves.
Executing Well Trials 1 and 2 revealed “unknown unknowns” in the pressure-gauge electronics and the assembly of the water-cut sensor. Because these were tool failures, they were relative-ly simple to correct. During Well Trial 3, an application failure was encountered when the drilling bottomhole assembly (BHA) tracked the liner outer diameter for several hundred feet after exiting the casing window. The resulting intersection of the electric umbilical on the outside of the 7-in. intelligent liner destroyed the downhole communications capability in the well. This problem could not have been prevented by effective planning; being an application failure, it could be discovered only in a field trial.
The application failure caused a program halt. A team was formed to redevelop lateral exit methods and drilling-sensor usage. A new project plan was made that required three additional parallel trials. Well Trial 4 was planned to prove umbilical avoidance by use of resistivity logging and revised procedures; further details are contained in the ERC Well Construction subsection of this synopsis. Well Trial 5 was a reduced-scale trial. Well Trial 6 was a full-scale installation similar to that previously attempted in Well Trial 3 and is the primary focus of this paper.
A Neural-Network Approach for Modeling a Water-Distribution System
Authors: Carpenter Chris 
Published: May 2018

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper SPE 185678, “A Neural-Network Approach for Modeling a Water-Distribution System,” by Andrei S. Popa, Chevron; Conor O’Toole, University of Southern California; Juan Munoz, Steve Cassidy, and Dallas Tubbs, Chevron; and Iraj Ershaghi, University of Southern California, prepared for the 2017 SPE Western Regional Meeting, Bakersfield, California, USA, 23–27 April. The paper has not been peer reviewed.
The authors present a new data-driven approach to estimate the injection rate in all noninstrumented wells in a large waterflooding operation accurately. The paper outlines the methodology and procedures used to analyze a branch of the water-network system and the modeling of accurate estimation of injection rates. The model performance is distinctive in its use of only field and wellhead measured data and considering the natural uncertainty inherited in these values.
Introduction
Lost Hills is a relatively large oil field located in western California. The field contains a significant amount of remaining producible reserves. There are six oil pools in five producing units of varying geologic age. The permeability of one of these units, the Monterey formation, is very low on the scale of millidarcies, which leads to lower production rates and even a very low recovery factor for the field. To address this challenge, a new expansion of the field was undertaken, with the introduction of waterflood development and close infill drilling.
Lost Hills operations follow a basic injection-system setup of a typical water flood. Produced water is trans-ported to the water strain. After the filtration steps are complete, the polished water is pumped into a 20-in. trunk line to the main tank battery. From the main trunk line, the line is reduced to 16 in. and is dedicated to the northernmost portions of the fields. It then is further reduced to an 8-in. line to the western portion, where Header 43 (the subject of this study) is located. This type of system with two separate strings, more formally known as a dual-string injection system, has the advantage of being able to inject water into specific depths of the reservoir. Basic terminology for this type of system classifies the short string as surface casing and the long string as production tubing. Such a system might have the ability to inject at shallow depths by use of the short string, while producing from a deeper interval by use of the long string.
Investigation and modelling of high rate algal ponds utilising secondary effluent at Western Water, Bacchus Marsh Recycled Water Plant
Authors: Wrede Digby , Hussainy Syed U. , Rajendram William , Gray Stephen 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
There is growing interest in the ability of high rate algal ponds (HRAP) to treat wastewater. This method reduces the costs of algal production while treating the wastewater quicker and more efficiently than standard lagoon practices. Two parallel HRAPs were used in this study to treat secondary effluent. Nitrogen levels were significantly reduced with a mean reduction of 71% for ammonia and 64% for total nitrogen. The use of the HRAPs significantly increased the algal biomass levels compared to the algal growth in the storage lagoons, with a mean increase of 274%. Beneficial use of algae can be used to reduce treatment costs; so being able to predict and optimise the amount of algal biomass produced in HRAPs is vital. However, most models are complicated and require specific, detailed information. In this study, a predictive microalgal growth model was developed for HRAP by adapting two previously established models: the Steele and Monod models. The model could predict algal growth based on temperatures and solar radiation and account for limiting ammonia concentrations in an elevated pH environment with natural variations in the algal community. This model used experimental data that would be readily available to any established HRAP study.
Predicting Caller Type From a Mental Health and Well-Being Helpline: Analysis of Call Log Data
Authors: Grigorash Alexander , O'Neill Siobhan , Bond Raymond , Ramsey Colette , Armour Cherie , Mulvenna Maurice D 
Published: May 2018

Background
This paper presents an analysis of call data records pertaining to a telephone helpline in Ireland among individuals seeking mental health and well-being support and among those who are in a suicidal crisis.

Objective
The objective of our study was to examine whether rule sets generated from decision tree classification, trained using features derived from callers’ several initial calls, could be used to predict what caller type they would become.

Methods
Machine learning techniques were applied to the call log data, and five distinct patterns of caller behaviors were revealed, each impacting the helpline capacity in different ways.

Results
The primary findings of this study indicate that a significant model (P<.001) for predicting caller type from call log data obtained from the first 8 calls is possible. This indicates an association between callers’ behavior exhibited during initial calls and their behavior over the lifetime of using the service.

Conclusions
These data-driven findings contribute to advanced workload forecasting for operational management of the telephone-based helpline and inform the literature on helpline caller behavior in general.
Medición de la eficiencia de la Innovación 2013-2016 mediante el análisis envolvente de datos (AED) en red dinámica
Authors: Zamora Torres América Ivonne , Favila Tello Antonio 
Published: May 2018

Esta investigación tiene como objetivo identificar la eficiencia respecto a la evaluación de la generación, difusión e impacto del conocimiento e innovación en un grupo de 33 países; utilizando el análisis envolvente de datos en red dinámica (AED). La hipótesis planteada señala que, las instituciones, el capital humano y la infraestructura, generan, la sofisticación del mercado y empresarial, los cuales generan a su vez: productos del conocimiento y la tecnología, creación, impacto y difusión del conocimiento. Los resultados sugieren que el país más eficiente es Irlanda. Para el caso mexicano es posible detectar una brecha de eficiencia al obtener valores cercanos a 0.64.
TRADISI AL-QURâ€™AN DALAM FENOMENA PENAFSIRAN
Authors: Mutamam Hadi 
Published: May 2018

This study examines the tradition of the Koran in the phenomenon of the interpretation to be the basis for action. Al-Qur'an as theÂ sacred scriptures of Islam contains many interesting things, one of whichÂ is stressed to live a way of life that is in harmony with Islam. ThroughÂ studying the Koran with phenomenology that linking events with oneÂ another, then we can know the basic history and its impact. All that couldÂ be a lesson for the present life. Rules of life as lived by Muslims have theÂ real truth in the Koran if they want to run in accordance with the Shari'a.Â Assessing the Koran as the basis for action is expected to have a goodÂ appreciation of the essence of life. This study found that the Koran is theÂ basis for Muslims, as the law to determine the good and bad that createÂ justice, to act in practice which will bring salvation.
Dialektika Agama dan Budaya dalam "Berkah" Nawu Sendang Selirang
Authors: Ghafur Waryono Abdul 
Published: May 2018

This article discusses Sendang Selirang, a local culture in Kotagede, Yogyakarta, the existence of which is conserved to the present time. There is a tradition to clean the pool located in the former Mataram kingdom in Kota Gede. This tradition has different meaning among the three different groups of people: abangan, santri, and the intellectuals. This article starts from Clifford Geertzâ€™s interpretative ethnography to understand cultural events existing in the society. This research found that among abangan community, Sendang Selirang is a ritual and ceremony which is performed with religious emotion and considered to be mystical. This meaning is different from that the group of santri, represented by Muhammadiyah. For some Muhammadiyah activists, this tradition is a part of superstition, bidâ€™ah, and kurafat, so that it should be avoided. Meanwhile, for the intellectuals, it is not enough to view this tradition only from religious perspective. It should also be viewed from cultural perspective. This view functions as mediation for the other two groups of community that potentially arise conflicts. This research also found that the different views among the communities are influenced not only by the religious factor, but also other factors, such as equality in handling the ceremony and material benefit. However, the unity in diversity should be highlighted to create harmony among them.Â Artikel ini membahas tentang Sendang Selirang sebagai salah satu budaya lokal khas di Kotagede Yogyakarta yang sampai sekarang masih dilestarikan. Ada tradisi membersihkan kolam yang berada di bekas lingkungan Kerajaan Mataram awal di Kotagede. Tradisi tersebut dimaknai secara berbeda oleh tiga kelompok di Kotagede: abangan, santri, dan intelektual. Tulisan ini berangkat dari kerangka yang dibangun oleh Clifford Geertz dengan etnografi interpretatifnya untuk memahami suatu peristiwa budaya yang terjadi di masyarakat. Hasil penelitian ini menun Â jukkan bahwa bagi masyarakat abangan, Sendang Selirang menjadi ritus dan upacara yang dilaksanakan dengan emosi keagamaan dan mempunyai sifat keramat. Pemaknaan tersebut ternyata berbeda bagi kelompok santri yang direpresentasikan dengan Muhammadiyah. Bagi beberapa aktivis Muhammadiyah, tradisi nawu sendang (Sendang Selirang) merupakan bagian dari tahayul, bidâ€™ah, dan kurafat sehingga harus dihindari. Sementara bagi kelompok â€œcendekiawanâ€, peristiwa nawu sendang tidak cukup dipandang dari sisi agama, namun juga dari sisi budaya. Ini sebagai â€œjalan tengahâ€ untuk menengahi dua kelompok sebelumnya yang berpotensi konflik. Temuan di lapangan menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan pandangan dari tiga kelompok tersebut dipengaruhi oleh bukan semata pandangan keagamaan masing-masing, tapi juga oleh faktor lain di luar agama, seperti pemerataan dalam penyelenggaraan dan keuntungan material. Kebersamaan dalam perbedaan tetap yang diutamakan, sehingga harmoni terus berjalan dengan baik.
Nilai Religi: Sebuah Kearifan Lokal dalam Cerita Rakyat Ponorogo
Authors: Kasnadi Kasnadi 
Published: May 2018

This research was aimed at describing religious values in Ponorogo folklore. This research used descriptive qualitative design. The technique of data collection is involved talk listening technique. Source of the data is Ponorogo folklore. The findings of the research cover: (1) religious values in agreement to Islamic concepts and values and (2) religious values in agreement to the concepts and views of animism and dynamism. Religious values in agreement to Islamic values include values of surrender, piousness, and gratitude to Allah, whereas values in agreement to animism and dynamism include the belief in the power of thing, place, good and bad day, and spiritual beings.Â Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan nilai religi dalam cerita rakyat Ponorogo. Desain yang digunakan di dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik simak-catat. Sumber data berupa cerita rakyat Ponorogo. Hasil penelitian mencakup: (1) nilai religi yang sesuai dengan konsep dan pandangan Islam dan (2) nilai religi yang sesuai dengan konsep dan pandangan animisme dan dinamisme. Nilai religi yang sesuai dengan konsep Islam berupa kepasrahan, kesalehan, dan rasa syukur kepada Allah SWT. Sedangkan, nilai religi yang sesuai dengan konsep animisme dan dinamisme berupa percaya terhadap benda, percaya terhadap tempat, percaya terhadap hari baik dan hari buruk, percaya terhadap roh-roh halus.
Religi Grebeg Sura di Banyumas
Authors: Subur Subur 
Published: May 2018

This research reveals the religious values expressed by symbols of Grebeg Sura tradition in Tambaknegara, Rawalo District, Banyumas Regency. Islamic studies on Javanese context are endless because their dynamics and uniqueness are always interesting to be studied. As a religion, Islam gives concepts and symbols of idealism, while Javanese culture, having existed for hundreds of years, has born various and specific traditions and culture. Methods used in this research are observations and interviews to competent informants. This research reveals that Islam in the Javanese context cannot be separated from local culture and traditions that have been planted tightly. Islam can be accepted by Javanese society for its flexibility. The tradition of grebeg sura in Tambaknegara, Rawalo District, Banyumas Regency is full of Javanese symbols. However, it also contains values that are relevant to Islam. In perceiving polytheistic Javanese traditions, Muslims show three different attitudes: 1) extremely reject the traditions due to their principal that believing in magical power originated from animism and dynamism is categorized into syirik and will destroy their aqidah, therefore, it is not tolerable; 2) totally accept the tradition without any selection, which is usually followed by common people who do not really understand Islam, but they get benefits of it; 3) gradually and persuasively erase the traditions through preaching Islam using local symbols.Â Penelitian ini bertujuan mengungkap pesan-pesan religius yang disampaikan melalui simbol-simbol tradisi Grebeg Sura di Tambaknegara Rawalo Kab. Banyumas. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode observasi dan wawancara dengan narasumber yang kompeten. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Islam dalam konteks Jawa tidak bisa dilepaskan dari berbagai budaya dan tradisi setempat yang mengakar begitu kuat. Islam dapat diterima oleh masyarakat karena keluwesannya. Kegiatan Grebeg Sura di Â Desa Tambaknegara memang sarat akan simbol-simbol yang begitu kental dengan warna Kejawen, tetapi banyak juga nilai yang relevan dengan substansi nilai Islam. Dalam memandang tradisi Jawa yang politheistik, terdapat tiga sikap muslim; Pertama, sikap yang menolak secara ekstrem, karena berpendapat bahwa mempercayai berbagai kekuatan gaib yang bersumber pada animisme dan dinamisme merupakan perbuatan musyrik dan merusak akidah, sehingga tidak bisa ditoleransi sama sekali. Kedua, sikap yang menerima tanpa reserve, ini dari kalangan awam yang tidak begitu paham Islam, tetapi mereka mendapatkan kemanfaatan dari tradisi tersebut, ini yang banyak diikuti masyarakat. Ketiga, sikap yang menghilangkan tradisi Jawa tetapi dengan cara persuasif dan bertahap. Islam disyiarkan melalui idiom lokal.