bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating simplified models in predicting global seismic responses of a shake table–test building isolated by triple friction pendulum bearings
Authors: Dao Nhan D. , Ryan Keri L. , Nguyen‐Van Hieu 
Published: January 2019

SummaryThis paper evaluates the ability of simplified superstructure models, including two shear frame models and a single‐story model, in predicting global responses of a full‐scale five‐story steel moment‐frame buildings isolated by triple friction pendulum bearings subjected to earthquake motions. The investigated responses include displacement of the isolation system, roof drift, story drift, and floor acceleration. Mechanical properties of the simplified superstructure models were derived from the modal information of a verified full 3‐D model. The comparison between the analytical responses and experimental responses shows that the simplified models can well predict the displacement of the isolation system. Furthermore, the shear‐frame models are adequate for predicting floor acceleration when the specimen is subjected to horizontal ground motions. However, when the specimen is subjected to 3‐D motions, the shear‐frame models un‐conservatively predict floor acceleration. The full 3‐D model improves the prediction of story drift compared with the simplified models for both horizontal and 3‐D motions.
Bulk pollen sequencing reveals rapid evolution of segregation distortion in the male germline of Arabidopsis hybrids
Authors: Corbett-Detig Russell , Medina Paloma , Frérot Hélène , Blassiau Christelle , Castric Vincent 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Genes that do not segregate in heterozygotes at Mendelian ratios are a potentially important evolutionary force in natural populations. Although the impacts of segregation distortion are widely appreciated, we have little quantitative understanding about how often these loci arise and fix within lineages. Here, we develop a statistical approach for detecting segregation distorting genes from the comprehensive comparison of whole genome sequence data obtained from bulk gamete versus somatic tissues. Our approach enables estimation of map positions and confidence intervals, and quantification of effect sizes of segregation distorters. We apply our method to the pollen of two interspecific F1 hybrids of Arabidopsis lyrata and A. halleri and we identify three loci across eight chromosomes showing significant evidence of segregation distortion in both pollen samples. Based on this, we estimate that novel segregation distortion elements evolve and achieve high frequencies within lineages at a rate of approximately one per 244,000 years. Furthermore, we estimate that haploid-acting segregation distortion may contribute between 10% and 30% of reduced pollen viability in F1 individuals. Our results indicate haploid acting factors evolve rapidly and dramatically influence segregation in F1 hybrid individuals.
Effective connectivity in the default mode network is distinctively disrupted in Alzheimer's disease—A simultaneous resting‐state FDG‐PET/fMRI study
Authors: Scherr Martin , Utz Lukas , Tahmasian Masoud , Pasquini Lorenzo , Grothe Michel J. , Rauschecker Josef P. , Grimmer Timo , Drzezga Alexander , Sorg Christian , Riedl Valentin 
Published: January 2019

AbstractA prominent finding of postmortem and molecular imaging studies on Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the accumulation of neuropathological proteins in brain regions of the default mode network (DMN). Molecular models suggest that the progression of disease proteins depends on the directionality of signaling pathways. At network level, effective connectivity (EC) reflects directionality of signaling pathways. We hypothesized a specific pattern of EC in the DMN of patients with AD, related to cognitive impairment. Metabolic connectivity mapping is a novel measure of EC identifying regions of signaling input based on neuroenergetics. We simultaneously acquired resting‐state functional MRI and FDG‐PET data from patients with early AD (n = 35) and healthy subjects (n = 18) on an integrated PET/MR scanner. We identified two distinct subnetworks of EC in the DMN of healthy subjects: an anterior part with bidirectional EC between hippocampus and medial prefrontal cortex and a posterior part with predominant input into medial parietal cortex. Patients had reduced input into the medial parietal system and absent input from hippocampus into medial prefrontal cortex (p < 0.05, corrected). In a multiple linear regression with unimodal imaging and EC measures (F4,25 = 5.63, p = 0.002, r2 = 0.47), we found that EC (β = 0.45, p = 0.012) was stronger associated with cognitive deficits in patients than any of the PET and fMRI measures alone. Our approach indicates specific disruptions of EC in the DMN of patients with AD and might be suitable to test molecular theories about downstream and upstream spreading of neuropathology in AD.
Dietary behaviors and survival in people with head and neck cancer: Results from Head and Neck 5000
Authors: Lang Samantha , Schimansky Sarah , Beynon Rhona , Penfold Christopher , Davies Amy , Waylen Andrea , Thomas Steven , Pring Miranda , Pawlita Michael , Waterboer Tim , Ness Andrew R. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe association between diet and head and neck cancer (HNC) survival is unclear.MethodsCox proportional hazard models measured the association between fruit, vegetable, and deep‐fried food intake and HNC overall survival adjusting for clinical, social and lifestyle variables including smoking, alcohol, and HPV status.ResultsFruit and vegetable intake and improved survival were associated in minimally adjusted analyses. Following adjustment for smoking and alcohol consumption (fully adjusted analyses), the association with survival disappeared for fruit (HR 0.91, 95% CI 0.67, 1.23; P for trend = .55) and attenuated for vegetables (HR 0.79, 95% CI 0.61, 1.03; P for trend = .04). We observed no association between survival and deep‐fried food intake in minimally adjusted or fully adjusted analyses (HR 0.88 95% CI 0.72, 1.07; P for trend = .13).ConclusionsVegetable intake and HNC survival are modestly associated. There is some confounding by tobacco and alcohol consumption.
Soil frost effects on streamflow recessions in a subarctic catchment
Authors: Ploum Stefan W. , Lyon Steve W. , Teuling Adriaan J. , Laudon Hjalmar , van der Velde Ype 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe Arctic is warming rapidly. Changing seasonal freezing and thawing cycles of the soil are expected to affect river run‐off substantially, but how soil frost influences river run‐off at catchment scales is still largely unknown. We hypothesize that soil frost alters flow paths and therefore affects storage–discharge relations in subarctic catchments. To test this hypothesis, we used an approach that combines meteorological records and recession analysis. We studied streamflow data (1986–2015) of Abiskojokka, a river that drains a mountainous catchment (560 km2) in the north of Sweden (68° latitude). Recessions were separated into frost periods (spring) and no‐frost periods (summer) and then compared. We observed a significant difference between recessions of the two periods: During spring, discharge was linearly related to storage, whereas storage–discharge relationships in summer were less linear. An analysis of explanatory factors showed that after winters with cold soil temperatures and low snowpack, storage–discharge relations approached linearity. On the other hand, relatively warm winter soil conditions resulted in storage–discharge relationships that were less linear. Even in summer, relatively cold antecedent winter soils and low snowpack levels had a propagating effect on streamflow. This could be an indication that soil frost controls recharge of deep groundwater flow paths, which affects storage–discharge relationships in summer. We interpret these findings as evidence for soil frost to have an important control over river run‐off dynamics. To our knowledge, this is the first study showing significant catchment‐integrated effects of soil frost on this spatiotemporal scale.
The optimal incubation time for in vitro hemocompatibility testing: Assessment using polymer reference materials under pulsatile flow with physiological wall shear stress conditions
Authors: Blok Sjoerd Leendert Johannes , van Oeveren Willem , Engels Gerwin Erik 
Published: January 2019

AbstractDuring hemocompatibility testing, activation products may reach plateau values which can result in less distinction between hemocompatible and hemo‐incompatible materials. Of concern is an underestimation of the blood activation caused by the biomaterial of interest, which may result in a false assessment of hemocompatibility. To elucidate the optimal incubation time for in vitro hemocompatibility testing, we used the Haemobile circulation model with human whole blood. Blood from healthy volunteers was in vitro incubated under pulsatile flow with physiological wall shear stress conditions at 37°C for 30, 60, 120, or 240 min. Test loops containing low‐density polyethylene and polydimethylsiloxane served as low and high reference materials, that is, hemocompatible and hemo‐incompatible biomaterials, respectively. In addition, empty loops served as a negative reference. Thrombogenicity, platelet function, inflammatory response, coagulation, and hemolysis between references and incubation times were compared. We found that thrombogenicity and platelet function were significantly affected by both the duration of incubation and the type of material. In particular, thrombogenicity and platelet function assessments were affected by incubation time. We found that an exposure time of 60 min was sufficient, and for almost all variables an optimal incubation time to discriminate between the low and high reference material. © 2019 The Authors. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied Biomaterials published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 107B: 2335–2342, 2019.
Solving isomorphism problems about 2‐designs from disjoint difference families
Authors: Kaspers Christian , Pott Alexander 
Published: January 2019

AbstractRecently, two new constructions of disjoint difference families in Galois rings were presented by Davis, Huczynska, and Mullen and Momihara. Both were motivated by a well‐known construction of difference families from cyclotomy in finite fields by Wilson. It is obvious that the difference families in the Galois ring and the difference families in the finite field are not equivalent. A related question, which is in general harder to answer, is whether the associated designs are isomorphic or not. In our case, this problem was raised by Davis, Huczynska, and Mullen. In this paper, we show that, in most cases, the 2‐ designs arising from the difference families in Galois rings and those arising from the difference families in finite fields are nonisomorphic by comparing their block intersection numbers.
Self‐efficacy and future career expectations of at‐risk adolescents: The contribution of a tutoring program
Authors: Michael Rinat 
Published: January 2019

AbstractTutoring and mentoring programs may be a promisingintervention to help at‐risk children who may be in need of a positive influence in their lives. The purpose of the current study was to examine the contribution of tutoring to at‐risk adolescents’ self‐efficacy and future career expectations. Ninety‐eight tutees and 147 college student tutors completed the Self‐Efficacy Questionnaire for Children, the Work and Education subscale of the Future Expectations Scale for Adolescents, and a background questionnaire twice: first at the beginning and then toward the end of 8 months of tutoring. Both tutees and tutors reported higher levels of tutees’ social and emotional self‐efficacy as well as future expectations toward the end of the year. Tutors also reported higher levels of tutee academic self‐efficacy. Increased self‐efficacy was associated with increased levels of future expectations. Changes in academic and social self‐efficacy predicted changes in tutees’ future career expectations. Implications for theory and research are discussed.
CRISPR/Cas9 technology as a potent molecular tool for gene therapy
Authors: Karimian Ansar , Azizian Khalil , Parsian Hadi , Rafieian Sona , Shafiei‐Irannejad Vahid , Kheyrollah Maryam , Yousefi Mehdi , Majidinia Maryam , Yousefi Bahman 
Published: January 2019

AbstractClustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR‐associated nuclease 9 (CRISPR‐Cas9) is an RNA‐guided gene editing tool which offers several advantageous characteristics in comparison with the conventional methods (e.g., zinc finger nucleases and transcription activator‐like effector nucleases) such as cost‐effectiveness, flexibility, and being easy‐to‐use. Despite some limitations such as efficient delivery and safety, CRISPR‐Cas9 is still the most convenient tool for gene editing purposes. Due to the potential capability of the CRISPR‐Cas9 system in genome editing and correction of casual mutations, it can be considered as a possible therapeutic system in the treatment of disorders associated with the genome mutations and in particular cancer treatment. In this review, we will discuss CRISPR‐Cas‐based gene editing along with its classifications and mechanism of action. Furthermore, the therapeutic application of the CRISPR‐Cas9 system in mutational disorders, delivery systems, as well as its advantages and limitations with a special emphasis on cancer treatment will be discussed.
Chitosan‐based delivery systems for curcumin: A review of pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic aspects
Authors: Saheb Mahsa , Fereydouni Narges , Nemati Saeideh , Barreto George E. , Johnston Thomas P. , Sahebkar Amirhossein 
Published: January 2019

AbstractEffective drug delivery is one of the most important issues associated with the administration of therapeutic agents that have low oral bioavailability. Curcumin is an active ingredient in the turmeric plant, which has low oral bioavailability due to its poor aqueous solubility. One strategy that has been considered for enhancing the aqueous solubility, and, thus, its oral bioavailability, is the use of chitosan as a carrier for curcumin. Chitosan is a biodegradable and biocompatible polymer that is relatively water‐soluble. Therefore, various studies have sought to improve the aqueous solubility of chitosan. The use of different pharmaceutical excipients and formulation strategies has the potential to improve aqueous solubility, formulation processing, and the overall delivery of hydrophobic drugs. This review focuses on various methods utilized for chitosan‐based delivery of curcumin.
Targeted‐nanoliposomal combretastatin A4 (CA‐4) as an efficient antivascular candidate in the metastatic cancer treatment
Authors: Nik Maryam Ebrahimi , Momtazi‐Borojeni Amir Abbas , Zamani Parvin , Navashenaq Jamshid Gholizadeh , Iranshahi Mehrdad , Jaafari Mahmoud Reza , Malaekeh‐Nikouei Bizhan 
Published: January 2019

AbstractA number of antiangiogenic drugs have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration which are used in cancer therapy, and variety of other agents in several stages of clinical development or in preclinical assessment. Among these, combretastatin A4 (CA‐4) is an under‐researched inhibitor of angiogenesis that shows potential activity in the treatment of advanced tumors with migration capacity. However, its clinical application has been limited due to poor water solubility, low bioavailability, rapid metabolism, and systemic elimination. During the last decade, numerous investigations have been done to overcome these problems by using different CA‐4 delivery systems or developing produgs of CA‐4 or its structural analogs. Nevertheless, these strategies could not be efficient out of the undesired side effects on normal tissues. Nanoliposomal CA‐4 not only benefits from the advantage of using liposomal drugs as opposed to free drugs but also can accumulate in the tumor site via specific targeting ligands, which leads to efficient targeting and enhancement of bioavailability. To the best of our knowledge, we consider an important attempt to understand different factors that might influence the CA‐4 loading and release pattern of liposomes and the consequent results in tumor therapy. In this review, we shed light on various studied liposomal CA‐4 formulations showing application thereof in cancer treatment.
Thiamethoxam removal by Fenton and biological oxidation
Authors: Gomez‐Herrero Esther , Lebik‐ElHadi Hafida , Ait‐Amar Hamid , Tobajas Montserrat , Rodriguez Juan J , Mohedano Angel F 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDThiamethoxam (TMX) is a potential insecticide pollutant of hydric resources that must be removed. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are usually effective, but expensive to implement. Combining Fenton's reagent with biological oxidation circumvents the shortcomings of Fenton technology, facilitating the biodegradation of the resulting effluents in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR).RESULTSFenton‐like oxidation of TMX with variable hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) doses afforded total organic carbon (TOC) conversion and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal by (respectively) 40% and 80% from pure TMX, and 40% and 60% from commercial TMX. The effluents from Fenton oxidation using substoichiometric H2O2 doses were less ecotoxic and more biodegradable than the initial solution and, therefore, susceptible to a biological treatment. Biological oxidation of effluents obtained from 50% and 75% H2O2 doses was accomplished for different organic loads in 6‐h cycles. Coupling Fenton and biological oxidation of TMX afforded TOC conversion and COD removal of 80% for the effluent obtained with a 75% H2O2 dose.CONCLUSIONSCoupling Fenton–biological oxidation efficiently reduces the amounts of H2O2 needed and produces biodegradable effluents. In addition, the biological treatment increases COD and TOC removal by ≤80% for the overall treatment. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Effect of gamma irradiation on the physical and structural properties of basalt fiber
Authors: Yassien Khaled M. , El‐Bakary Mohammed A. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractDigital holographic interferometry (DHI), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to study the effects of gamma irradiation on the physical and structural properties of basalt fibers. For this purpose, set samples of basalt fibers were subjected to different doses of gamma irradiation (3, 10, 25, and 40 kGy). The Mach–Zehnder interferometer was used to capture holographic patterns which are used then to determine the unwrapped phase. From the unwrapped phase distributions, the optical path difference within the irradiated basalt samples was determined. Thus, refractive indices, and birefringence of irradiated basalt fibers were determined at different irradiation doses using DHI method. XRD technique was used to investigate the effect of irradiation doses on the crystalline behavior of fibers. FTIR was performed to each of the basalt samples to evaluate the changes in the surface chemical properties due to radiation exposure doses. The morphology of irradiated fibers was examined using SEM. The results indicate that basalt fiber has a resistance to gamma radiation. There are no significant effects on the physical, structural and chemical properties were demonstrated of basalt fibers in the doses range of irradiation.
OMIC signatures to understand cancer immunosurveillance and immunoediting: Melanoma and immune cells interplay in immunotherapy
Authors: León-Letelier Ricardo A , Bonifaz Laura C , Fuentes-Pananá Ezequiel M 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Melanoma is the deadliest form of skin cancer. Cutaneous melanomas usually originate from exposure to the mutagenic effects of ultraviolet radiation, and as such they exhibit the highest rate of somatic mutations than any other human cancer, and an extensive expression of neoantigens concurrently with a dense infiltrate of immune cells. The coexistence of high immunogenicity and high immune cell infiltration may sound contradictory for cancers carrying a gloomy outcome. However, recent studies have unveiled a variety of immunosuppressive mechanisms that often permeate the tumor microenvironment and that are responsible for tumor escaping from immunosurveillance mechanisms. Nonetheless, this particular immune profile has opened a new window of treatments based on immunotherapy that have significantly improved the clinical outcome of melanoma patients. Still, positive and complete therapy responses have been limited, and this particular cancer continues to be a major clinical challenge. The transcriptomic signatures of those patients with clinical benefit and those with progressive disease have provided a more complete picture of the universe of interactions between the tumor and the immune system. In this review, we integrate the results of the immunotherapy clinical trials to discuss a novel understanding of the mechanisms guiding cancer immunosurveillance and immunoediting. A clear notion of the cellular and molecular processes shaping how the immune system and the tumor are continuously coevolving would result in the rational design of combinatory therapies aiming to counteract the signaling pathways and cellular processes responsible for immunoescape mechanisms and provide clinical benefit to immunotherapy nonresponsive patients.
Top‐down characterization of mouse core histones
Authors: Xue Bingbing , Xiao Kaijie , Tian Zhixin 
Published: January 2019

AbstractHistone post‐translational modifications (PTMs) play various roles in chromatin‐related cellular processes, and comprehensive analysis of these combinatorial PTMs at the intact protein level by top‐down proteomics is the method of choice to reveal their crosstalk and biological functions. Here, we report our top‐down characterization of the core histones from mouse fibroblasts cells NIH/3T3, which is a classic model used in many kinds of research. With nanoRPLC‐MS/MS analysis and ProteinGoggle database search, 547 protein species were identified with spectrum‐level FDR ≤ 1%, where PTMs in 51 protein species were unambiguously localized with PTM scores ≥1. High‐resolution MS/MS data also allowed the unambiguous identification of acetylation instead of trimethylation. This study presents a general picture of combinatorial PTMs of mouse core histones, which serves as a basic reference for all future related biological studies.
Retrospective analysis of variant venous anatomy in 303 laparoscopic adrenalectomies and its clinical implications
Authors: Sun Fukang , Zhuo Ran , Ma Wenming , He Hongchao , Ye Lei , Xu Danfeng , Wang Weiqing , Ning Guang 
Published: January 2019

Background and objectivesTo clarify the correlation of variant venous anatomy with adrenal tumor phenotype and surgical outcomes.Patients and methodsThis retrospective study included 303 consecutive minimally invasive adrenalectomies from 301 patients. All adrenal veins were identified. We compared the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative data between patients with and without variant adrenal venous anatomy. We also explored the factors associated with venous variants.ResultsWe found variant venous anatomy in 62 of 303 adrenalectomies (20.5%). Compared with patients with normal anatomy, those with variant anatomy were associated with larger tumor size, larger adrenal veins, more adrenal medullary tumors, longer operation time, more estimated intraoperative blood loss, longer length of hospitalization, and more transfusion. Computed tomography (CT) images may improve the identification of venous anatomy. Tumor size and diagnosis of pheochromocytoma were independently related to variant venous anatomy, whereas sex, tumor size, and venous variant influenced hemorrhage. For pheochromocytoma with variant venous anatomy operated on by a single surgeon, robot‐assisted laparoscopic adrenalectomy was associated with shorter postoperative hospitalization.ConclusionsAdrenal vein variants are associated with worse outcomes in adrenal tumors and an optimized surgery strategy should be applied to this group of patients.