bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RNAMethyPro: a biologically conserved signature of N6-methyladenosine regulators for predicting survival at pan-cancer level
Authors: Kandimalla Raju , Gao Feng , Li Ying , Huang Hao , Ke Jia , Deng Xin , Zhao Linjie , Zhou Shengtao , Goel Ajay , Wang Xin 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAccumulating evidence indicates the role of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) regulator-mediated RNA methylation in cancer progression and metastasis; yet its potential clinical significance, if any, remains unclear. In this first-of-its-kind study, we systematically evaluated the role of m6A regulators as potential disease biomarkers based on comprehensive analysis of gene expression profiles of 9770 cancer cell lines and clinical specimens from 25 publicly available datasets, encompassing 13 human cancers. We developed and established RNAMethyPro—a gene expression signature of seven m6A regulators, which robustly predicted patient survival in multiple human cancers. Pan-cancer analysis identified activated epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), as a highly conserved pathway in high-risk patients predicted by RNAMethyPro in 10 of the 13 cancer types. A network-based analysis revealed an intimate functional interplay between m6A regulators and EMT-associated factors via druggable targets such as XPO1 and NTRK1. Finally, the clinical significance of RNAMethyPro was further exemplified in colorectal cancer, where high-risk patients demonstrated strong associations with a mesenchymal subtype, activated stromal infiltration, and poor therapeutic response to targeted anti-EGFR therapy. In summary, RNAMethyPro is a novel, EMT-associated prognostic gene-expression signature in multiple human cancers and may offer an important clinical decision-making tool in the future.
The miRNA-608 rs4919510 G&gt;C polymorphism confers reduce coronary injury of Kawasaki disease in a Southern Chinese population
Authors: Wang Yanfei , Lu Zhaoliang , Fu Lanyan , Tan Yaqian , Che Di , Huang Ping , Pi Lei , Xu Yufen , Liang Qihua , Zhang Li , Qiu Xiantao , Gu Xiaoqiong 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Kawasaki disease (KD) is also called mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome and is an acute febrile pediatric disease characterized by systemic vasculitis. KD typically occurs in children 5 years old or younger and occurs more often in males than in females. miRNA-608 has been reported to interact with interleukin-6 and affect innate immunity. The immune-mediated inflammation could induce the occurrence of KD; however, there is no previous research focused on the relationship between miRNA-608 polymorphism and the KD risk. The present study explored the correlation between the miRNA-608 rs4919510 G&gt;C polymorphism and the risk for KD. We recruited 532 patients with KD and 623 controls to genotype the miRNA-608 rs4919510 G&gt;C polymorphism with a TaqMan allelic discrimination assay. Single-locus analysis showed no significant association between miRNA rs4919510 G&gt;C polymorphism and KD susceptibility. However in an analysis stratified by age, gender, and coronary artery lesion (CAL), we found a relationship between the miRNA-608 rs4919510 G&gt;C polymorphism and KD susceptibility. When KD patients were stratified by coronary injury, the CG/CC genotypes of the miRNA-608 rs4919510 G&gt;C polymorphism contributed to a higher occurrence of KD than that was found in the GG genotype patients (adjusted odds ratio = 0.74, 95% CI = 0.56–0.98, P = 0.033). The present study demonstrated that the miRNA-608 rs4919510 G&gt;C polymorphism may have a CAL-related relationship with KD susceptibility that has not been previously revealed.
Coupling calculation and analysis of three‐dimensional temperature and fluid field for high‐power high‐speed permanent magnet machine
Authors: Wang Tianyu , Zhang Yue , Wen Fuqiang , Gerada Chris , Liu Guangwei , Rui Dai , Zerun Wang 
Published: May 2019

In order to accurately estimate the temperature rise for high‐power high‐speed permanent magnet machines (HSPMMs), a novel temperature calculation method considering the non‐linear variation of material properties with temperature is proposed based on multi‐physics co‐simulation analysis. According to the theory of computational fluid dynamics and heat transfer, the computation model of fluid–solid–heat coupling heat transfer is established, and the coupled field is calculated using finite volume method with fundamental assumptions and corresponding boundary conditions. With the influences from temperature gradient and water flow rate considered, the heat transfer coefficients of water pipe surfaces are obtained by the application of the inverse iteration method. Thus, HSPMM temperature and fluid field can be simulated numerically by the finite volume methods, while the spatial temperature distributions for the machine main components are analysed in this study. The 1.12 MW, 18,000 rpm HSPMM is prototyped with experiments conducted on it, while the test data are then compared with the calculated results, which validate the correctness of the solution method of the coupled field.
Cascaded Boost‐Class‐E for rotary capacitive power transfer system
Authors: Yusop Yusmarnita , Saat Shakir , Ghani Zamre , Husin Huzaimah , M.K Adie , Kiong Nguang Sing 
Published: May 2019

This paper presents a capacitive power transfer (CPT) system design for low‐power rotary applications. The aim of a rotary CPT system is to be free of power cables so it can achieve 360 degrees of free rotation, while remaining simple and easy to clean. In this work, a class‐E high‐frequency inverter with second‐order LC compensation is proposed to drive the rotary CPT system. An LC compensation circuit is applied on both stationary and rotating sides in order to maximise the power transfer by increasing the voltage across the coupling plates. By implementing the proposed technique, the Class‐E LCCL rotary CPT system that is efficient and less sensitive to load variations can be achieved. A Boost converter is also proposed here to provide input impedance matching and tune the input power of the Class‐E LCCL rotary CPT system. A 10 W multiple plate rotary CPT prototype based on cascaded Boost‐ Class E LCCL is designed and implemented to demonstrate efficient wireless power transfer (WPT) across the rotating load. The results reveal >76% power transfer efficiency is successfully achieved at 1 MHz operating frequency and with 7.67 W output power.
Spectropolarimetric analysis of an active region filament
Authors: Díaz Baso C. J. , Martínez González M. J. , Asensio Ramos A. 
Published: May 2019

Aims. The determination of the magnetic filed vector in solar filaments is made possible by interpreting the Hanle and Zeeman effects in suitable chromospheric spectral lines like those of the He I multiplet at 10 830 Å. We study the vector magnetic field of an active region filament (NOAA 12087).
Methods. Spectropolarimetric data of this active region was acquired with the GRIS instrument at the GREGOR telescope and studied simultaneously in the chromosphere with the He I 10 830 Å multiplet and in the photosphere Si I 10 827 Å line. As has been done in previous studies, only a single-component model was used to infer the magnetic properties of the filament. The results are put into a solar context with the help of the Solar Dynamic Observatory images.
Results. Some results clearly point out that a more complex inversion had to be performed. First, the Stokes V map of He I does not show a clear signature of the presence of the filament. Second, the local azimuth map follows the same pattern as Stokes V; it appears that polarity of Stokes V is conditioning the inference to very different magnetic fields even with similar linear polarization signals. This indication suggests that the Stokes V could be dominated from below by the magnetic field coming from the active region, and not from the filament itself. This evidence, and others, will be analyzed in depth and a more complex inversion will be attempted in the second part of this series.
A relaxation scheme for a hyperbolic multiphase flow model
Authors: Saleh Khaled 
Published: May 2019

This article is the first of two in which we develop a relaxation finite volume scheme for the convective part of the multiphase flow models introduced in the series of papers (Hérard, C.R. Math. 354 (2016) 954–959; Hérard, Math. Comput. Modell. 45 (2007) 732–755; Boukili and Hérard, ESAIM: M2AN 53 (2019) 1031–1059). In the present article we focus on barotropic flows where in each phase the pressure is a given function of the density. The case of general equations of state will be the purpose of the second article. We show how it is possible to extend the relaxation scheme designed in Coquel et al. (ESAIM: M2AN 48 (2013) 165–206) for the barotropic Baer–Nunziato two phase flow model to the multiphase flow model with N – where N is arbitrarily large – phases. The obtained scheme inherits the main properties of the relaxation scheme designed for the Baer–Nunziato two phase flow model. It applies to general barotropic equations of state. It is able to cope with arbitrarily small values of the statistical phase fractions. The approximated phase fractions and phase densities are proven to remain positive and a fully discrete energy inequality is also proven under a classical CFL condition. For N = 3, the relaxation scheme is compared with Rusanov’s scheme, which is the only numerical scheme presently available for the three phase flow model (see Boukili and Hérard, ESAIM: M2AN 53 (2019) 1031–1059). For the same level of refinement, the relaxation scheme is shown to be much more accurate than Rusanov’s scheme, and for a given level of approximation error, the relaxation scheme is shown to perform much better in terms of computational cost than Rusanov’s scheme. Moreover, contrary to Rusanov’s scheme which develops strong oscillations when approximating vanishing phase solutions, the numerical results show that the relaxation scheme remains stable in such regimes.
First report and multilocus genotyping of Enterocytozoon bieneusi from Tibetan pigs in southwestern China
Authors: Luo Run , Xiang Leiqiong , Liu Haifeng , Zhong Zhijun , Liu Li , Deng Lei , Liu Ling , Huang Xiangming , Zhou Ziyao , Fu Hualin , Luo Yan , Peng Guangneng 
Published: May 2019

Enterocytozoon bieneusi is a common intestinal pathogen in a variety of animals. While E. bieneusi genotypes have become better-known, there are few reports on its prevalence in the Tibetan pig. This study investigated the prevalence, genetic diversity, and zoonotic potential of E. bieneusi in the Tibetan pig in southwestern China. Tibetan pig feces (266 samples) were collected from three sites in the southwest of China. Feces were subjected to PCR amplification of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region. Enterocytozoon bieneusi was detected in 83 (31.2%) of Tibetan pigs from the three different sites, with 25.4% in Kangding, 56% in Yaan, and 26.7% in Qionglai. Prevalence varies according to age group, from 24.4% (age 0–1 years) to 44.4% (age 1–2 years). Four genotypes of E. bieneusi were identified: two known genotypes EbpC (n = 58), Henan-IV (n = 24) and two novel genotypes, SCT01 and SCT02 (one of each). We compare our results with a compilation of published results on the host range and geographical distribution of E. bieneusi genotypes in China. Phylogenetic analysis showed these four genotypes clustered to group 1 with zoonotic potential. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) analysis of three microsatellites (MS1, MS3, MS7) and one minisatellite (MS4) was successful in 47, 48, 23 and 47 positive specimens and identified 10, 10, 5 and 5 genotypes at four loci, respectively. This study indicates the potential danger of E. bieneusi to Tibetan pigs in southwestern China, and offers basic advice for preventing and controlling infections.
Mutational Processes in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: The Story of Aristolochic Acid
Authors: Nault Jean-Charles , Letouzé Eric 
Published: May 2019

AbstractEach hepatocellular carcinoma displays dozens of mutations in driver and passenger genes. The analysis of the types of substitutions and their trinucleotide context defines mutational signatures that recapitulate the endogenous and exogenous mutational processes operative in tumor cells. Aristolochic acid is present in plants from the genus Aristolochia and causes chronic nephropathy. Moreover, aristolochic acid has genotoxic properties responsible for the occurrence of urothelial carcinoma. Metabolites of aristolochic acid form DNA adducts on adenine residues leading to a specific mutational signature with almost exclusively A:T to T:A transversions, preferentially in a CTG trinucleotide context. Interestingly, this mutational fingerprint has been identified in a subset of hepatocellular carcinomas suggesting that aristolochic acid is a new risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma. More data are warranted to capture the real impact of exposure to aristolochic acid in hepatocellular carcinoma occurrence worldwide.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis—Current State and Future Directions
Authors: Zenouzi Roman , Welle Christopher L. , Venkatesh Sudhakar K. , Schramm Christoph , Eaton John E. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractPrimary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a chronic cholestatic liver disease characterized by biliary inflammation and fibrosis leading to bile duct strictures, cirrhosis, and carries an increased risk of hepatobiliary malignancies. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) is the imaging modality of choice in PSC. As an evolving technology, MRI has other potential applications in the care and study of those patients with PSC. In this review, the authors aim to provide a technical overview on MRI/MRCP and related technologies, summarize its contemporary use in PSC, and discuss its evolving role to predict outcomes and look ahead toward emerging MRI technologies relevant to PSC.
Dexmedetomidine for Postoperative Sedation Following Stereotactic Lead Placement
Authors: Xu Hope , Bui Anthony H. , La Vega-Talbott Maite , Zackai Sheemon P. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractDexmedetomidine has become an increasingly popular alternative to benzodiazepines and opioids as a safe agent for sedation and pain control, especially in pediatric populations. In this study, we present a case of postoperative use of dexmedetomidine in a pediatric patient, with a known history of behavioral difficulties, who underwent stereotactic lead placement for medically refractory epilepsy.
Venous Thromboembolism in Brain Tumors: Risk Factors, Molecular Mechanisms, and Clinical Challenges
Authors: Riedl Julia , Ay Cihan 
Published: May 2019

AbstractVenous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common complication in patients with primary brain tumors, with up to 20% of patients per year having a VTE event. Clinical risk factors for VTE include glioblastoma subtype, paresis, or surgery. Furthermore, specific factors playing a role in tumor biology were recently identified to predispose to prothrombotic risk. For instance, mutations in the isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) gene, which occurs in a subgroup of glioma, correlate with risk of VTE, with low incidence in patients with presence of an IDH1 mutation compared with those with IDH1 wild-type status. In addition, expression of the glycoprotein podoplanin on brain tumors was associated with both intratumoral thrombi and high risk of VTE. As podoplanin has the ability to activate platelets, a mechanistic role of podoplanin-mediated platelet activation in VTE development has been suggested. From a clinical point of view, the management of patients with primary brain tumors and VTE is challenging. Anticoagulation is required to treat patients; however, it is associated with increased risk of intracranial hemorrhage. This review focuses on describing the epidemiology, risk factors, and mechanisms of brain tumor-associated thrombosis and discusses clinical challenges in the prevention and treatment of VTE in patients with brain tumors.
The regular black hole in four dimensional Born–Infeld gravity
Authors: Böhmer Christian G , Fiorini Franco 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
In the context of Born–Infeld gravity theories we report the existence of a regular black hole interior representing a spherically symmetric vacuum solution of the theory. It reduces to the Schwarzschild interior metric in the weak field region. In particular, there is a new length scale which is related to the Born–Infeld parameter

. This endows the spacetime with an inner (i.e. well inside the event horizon) asymptotic region which is unattainable for observers. The central curvature singularity is replaced by an infinitely long cosmic string with constant curvature invariants related to

. The presence of this limiting curvature spacetime renders the black hole timelike and null geodesically complete, free from the classical Schwarzschild singularity. The transition between the usual black hole interior and this maximum curvature space is achieved without introducing any kind of matter content nor topological changes.
Connection between the anisotropic structure and nonlinear rheology of sheared colloidal suspensions investigated by Brownian dynamics simulations
Authors: Sánchez-Diáz Luis E , Iwashita Takuya , Egami Takeshi , Chen Wei-Ren 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Using Brownian dynamics simulations, we investigate the connection between the shear-induced microstructural distortion and nonlinear rheology of charged colloidal suspensions subject to steady shear. We demonstrate that their rate-dependent flow behavior is a consequence of localized elastic response, which we define as transient elastic zone (TEZ), generated by particle interaction. The body of colloids under shear behaves like an elastic solid in short distances but like a fluid at long distances. The short-lived, localized elastic region, i.e. transient elastic zone, plays a crucial role in determining the observed rheological behaviors. Our findings shed new light on understanding the nature of nonlinear rheology of soft matters with strong interactions.
Cystic and Encapsulated Atypical Thymoma (World Health Organization Type B3)
Authors: Lindholm Kaleigh E , Moran Cesar A 
Published: May 2019

AbstractObjectivesEight cases of encapsulated and cystic atypical thymomas (World Health Organization type B3) are presented.MethodsCases were identified after review of more than 500 thymomas. Histologic material from surgical resections was evaluated.ResultsThe patients are seven men and one woman aged 43 to 71 years. Seven patients presented with nonspecific symptoms while one mass was found on autopsy. The tumors were 4 to 6 cm in greatest dimension and showed prominent cystic changes with an epithelial proliferation arranged in sheets and cords. Increased mitotic activity and nuclear pleomorphism were not identified. All tumors were encapsulated. Immunohistochemical studies showed the tumor cells positive for keratin cocktail, keratin 5/6, and p63. Clinical follow-up was available in five patients. All were alive without recurrence.ConclusionsThese cases represent an unusual variant of atypical thymoma that can be misdiagnosed as thymic carcinoma or multilocular thymic cyst. Awareness of this histologic growth pattern is important for accurate diagnosis.
Successes and Failures of the Live-attenuated Influenza Vaccine: Can We Do Better?
Authors: Matrajt Laura , Halloran M Elizabeth , Antia Rustom 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Background
The effectiveness of the live-attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) can vary widely, ranging from 0% to 50%. The reasons for these discrepancies remain largely unclear.

Methods
We use mathematical models to explore how the efficacy of LAIV is affected by the degree of mismatch with the currently circulating influenza strain and interference with pre-existing immunity. The models incorporate 3 key antigenic distances: the distances between the vaccine strain, pre-existing immunity, and the challenge strain.

Results
Our models show that an LAIV that is matched with the currently circulating strain is likely to have only modest efficacy. Our results suggest that the efficacy of the vaccine would be increased (optimized) if, rather than being matched to the circulating strain, it is antigenically slightly further from pre-existing immunity than the circulating strain. The models also suggest 2 regimes in which LAIV that is matched to circulating strains may be protective: in children before they have built immunity to circulating strains and in response to novel strains (such as antigenic shifts) which are at substantial antigenic distance from previously circulating strains. We provide an explanation for the variation in vaccine effectiveness between studies and countries of vaccine effectiveness observed during the 2014–2015 influenza season.

Conclusions
LAIV is offered to children across the world; however, its effectiveness significantly varies between studies. Here, we propose a mechanistic explanation to understand these differences. We further propose a way to select the LAIV strain that would have a higher chance of being protective.
Imaging the injured beating heart intravitally and the vasculoprotection afforded by haematopoietic stem cells
Authors: Kavanagh Dean P J , Lokman Adam B , Neag Georgiana , Colley Abigail , Kalia Neena 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Aims
Adequate microcirculatory perfusion, and not just opening of occluded arteries, is critical to salvage heart tissue following myocardial infarction. However, the degree of microvascular perfusion taking place is not known, limited primarily by an inability to directly image coronary microcirculation in a beating heart in vivo. Haematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) offer a potential therapy but little is known about their homing dynamics at a cellular level and whether they protect coronary microvessels. This study used intravital microscopy to image the anaesthetized mouse beating heart microcirculation following stabilization.

Methods and results
A 3D-printed stabilizer was attached to the ischaemia–reperfusion injured (IRI) beating heart. The kinetics of neutrophil, platelet and HSPC recruitment, as well as functional capillary density (FCD), was imaged post-reperfusion. Laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) was used for the first time to monitor ventricular blood flow in beating hearts. Sustained hyperaemic responses were measured throughout reperfusion, initially indicating adequate flow resumption. Intravital microscopy confirmed large vessel perfusion but demonstrated poor transmission of flow to downstream coronary microvessels. Significant neutrophil adhesion and microthrombus formation occurred within capillaries with the latter occluding them, resulting in patchy perfusion and reduced FCD. Interestingly, ‘patrolling’ neutrophils were also observed in capillaries. Haematopoietic stem/progenitor cells readily trafficked through the heart but local retention was poor. Despite this, remarkable anti-thromboinflammatory effects were observed, consequently improving microvascular perfusion.

Conclusion
We present a novel approach for imaging multiple microcirculatory perturbations in the beating heart with LSCI assessment of blood flow. Despite deceptive hyperaemic responses, increased microcirculatory flow heterogeneity was seen, with non-perfused areas interspersed with perfused areas. Microthrombi, rather than neutrophils, appeared to be the major causative factor. We further applied this technique to demonstrate local stem cell presence is not a pre-requisite to confer vasculoprotection. This is the first detailed in vivo characterization of coronary microcirculatory responses post-reperfusion injury.