bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Concomitant use of low‐dose methotrexate and NSAIDs and the risk of serious adverse events among patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Svanström Henrik , Lund Marie , Melbye Mads , Pasternak Björn 
Published: May 2018

AbstractPurposeCase reports and pharmacokinetic studies have suggested that concomitant use of low‐dose methotrexate and nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may be associated with increased risk of methotrexate toxicity. This study aimed to investigate the risk of serious adverse events associated with concomitant use of low‐dose methotrexate and NSAIDs, compared with use of methotrexate alone, among patients with rheumatoid arthritis.MethodsThe study was conducted as a register‐based cohort study in Denmark, 2004 to 2015, including episodes of concomitant use of methotrexate and NSAIDs (n = 21 536) and control episodes of use of methotrexate alone (n = 21 725). The primary outcome was the composite end point any serious adverse event, including liver toxicity, acute renal failure, and cytopenia. Secondary outcomes were the individual outcome components. Analyses were conducted using proportional‐hazards regression, with adjustment using inverse‐probability‐of‐treatment weighting based on propensity scores.ResultsDuring follow‐up, 110 cases of the primary outcome occurred during concomitant use of methotrexate and NSAIDs (unadjusted incidence rate 12.1 per 1000 person‐years) and 129 during control episodes (11.0 per 1000 person‐years). Concomitant use of methotrexate and NSAIDs was associated with a significantly increased risk of any serious adverse event (weighted hazard ratio 1.40; 95% CI, 1.07‐1.82). In secondary analyses, concomitant use of methotrexate and NSAIDs was associated with a significantly increased risk of acute renal failure and cytopenia.ConclusionsConcomitant use of low‐dose methotrexate and NSAIDs was associated with a significantly increased risk of serious adverse events, expanding on the evidence base for current regulatory recommendations that advocate caution when low‐dose methotrexate and NSAID are coprescribed.
Projecting the current and future potential global distribution ofHyphantria cunea(Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) using CLIMEX
Authors: Ge Xuezhen , He Shanyong , Zhu Chenyi , Wang Tao , Xu Zhichun , Zong Shixiang 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe international invasive and quarantined defoliating insectHyphantria cuneaDrury (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) causes huge ecological and economic losses in the world. Furthermore, future climate change may alter the distribution ofH. cuneaand aggravate the damage. In the present study, we used CLIMEX to project the potential global distribution ofH. cuneaaccording to both historical climate data (1961–1990) and future climate warming estimates (2011–2100) to define the impact of climate change.RESULTSUnder the historical climate scenario, we found thatH. cuneacan survive on every continent, and temperature is the main factor that limits its establishment. With climate change, suitability will increase in middle and high latitude regions, while decrease in the low latitude regions. Moreover, tropic regions will be the most sensitive to climate change impacts for the pest to survive. The impacts of climate change will also increase over time, whether they be positive impacts or negative impacts.CONCLUSIONThe projected potential distributions provide a theoretical basis for quarantine and control strategies for the management of this pest in each country. Furthermore, these results provide substantial guidance for studies of the effects of climate change on other major forest pests. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
On superposition of Hammerstein systems: Application to simultaneous hysteresis‐dynamics compensation
Authors: Liu Jiangbo , Zou Qingze 
Published: May 2018

SummarySuperposition principle (SP)—the response (output) of a linear system to a weighted combination of inputs equals to the combination of the outputs with the same weights and each corresponding to the individual input, respectively—is one of the most fundamental properties of linear systems, and has been exploited for controls, for example, in the development of model predictive control. Extension of the superposition principle beyond linear systems, however, is largely limited. In this paper, the almost superposition of Hammerstein systems (ASHS) and its application to precision control of hysteresis‐Hammerstein systems is studied. We first show, under some minor conditions, the existence of a nonstrict form ASHS, and under one further condition, the strict‐form ASHS. We then present one application of the ASHS—simultaneous hysteresis and dynamics compensation in output tracking of hysteresis‐Hammerstein systems, where offline iterative learning control to track the output elements is integrated with online synthesis of the control input via an inverse Preisach modeling. The proposed ASHS‐based technique is further enhanced through two online optimization schemes, and then illustrated through a simulation example on piezoelectric actuators model.
Two‐stage stability control for strict‐feedback systems with input delays and input nonlinear uncertainties
Authors: Yan Shuai , Sun Weichao , Fei Zhongyang 
Published: May 2018

SummaryIn this paper, a two‐stage control procedure is proposed for stabilization of a class of strict‐feedback systems with unknown constant time delays and nonlinear uncertainties in the input. A nominal controller is first designed to compensate input time delays without considering input nonlinear uncertainties. Extended from backstepping algorithm, input delay compensation is realized by means of predicted states that are computed through integration of cascaded system dynamics, making the nominal closed‐loop system asymptotically stable. Based on the nominal controller presented for the input delay system, a multi‐timescale system is subsequently developed to estimate the unknown input nonlinearity and make the estimate approach the nominal control input as fast as possible. It is proved that the proposed control scheme can make states of the strict‐feedback systems converge to zero and all the signals of the closed‐loop systems are guaranteed to be bounded in the presence of input time delays and nonlinear uncertainties. Simulation verification is carried out to illuminate the effectiveness of the proposed control approach.
Li–Ion‐Conducting Pillar‐Like Graphitic Carbon Nitrides as Novel Anodes for Li–Ion Batteries
Authors: Gope Subhra , Malunavar Sneha , Bhattacharyya Aninda J. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThere is still a sustained effort to explore and develop new electrode materials for Li‐ion rechargeable batteries. Presently, materials exploration not only focuses on the enhancement of Li‐ion battery performance, but also targets to make them cheaper and safer. This expectedly will make them market competitive against established battery chemistries. Graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C3N4), which has emerged as an important photon harvesting material, is demonstrated here as a potential efficient and cost effective alternative anode for Li‐ion cells. The g‐C3N4, synthesized here from pyrolysis of thiourea, possesses both graphitic and amorphous phases (T‐gCN). The intercalation of Li+ ions in the densely packed layered structure of T‐gCN (lithiated T‐gCN) results in an ionic conductivity ≈ 10−7 S/cm compared to the non‐lithiated T‐gCN which shows no ionic conductivity. The ionic transport takes place via both the amorphous and graphitic phases in T‐gCN. The T‐gCN when treated with an acidified dichromate solution disintegrates in to filaments, which on prolonged stirring self‐assemble into pillar‐like g‐C3N4 structures (T‐gCNP). The T‐gCNP exhibited higher crystallinity and an even higher ionic conductivity compared to the T‐gCN. The T‐gCN and T‐gCNP deliver modest specific capacities compared to battery grade graphite and other reported carbonaceous/non‐carbonaceous materials in the half‐cell operation. However, when coupled with cathodes such as LiFePO4 and LiMn2O4 in a full Li‐ion cell, the specific capacity obtained in the 1st discharge cycle for both LiFePO4 and LiMn2O4 are very close to their theoretical capacities. The cells display stable cycling and good current rate capability over widely varying current values. This is remarkable in spite of the fact that the samples are not completely crystalline with an average carbon content of approximately 31%. It is envisaged that a continuous network persists for electron transport for their participation in the reversible redox process.
Click Chemistry Inspired Design, Synthesis and Molecular Docking Studies of Coumarin, Quinolinone Linked 1,2,3‐Triazoles as Promising Anti‐Microbial Agents
Authors: Savanur Hemantkumar M. , Naik Krishna N. , Ganapathi Shailaja M. , Kim Kang Min , Kalkhambkar Rajesh G. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractA series of new coumarin, quinolinone and benzyl linked 1,2,3‐triazole derivatives have been synthesized and screened for their anti‐bacterial and anti‐fungal activities. Results of bioassay indicate that, compounds containing chloro and methoxy substituents in coumarin (6 j), chloro substitution in quinolinone (7 g) and 3‐chloro benzyl analogue (8 f) exhibit excellent anti‐bacterial activities. The results of anti‐fungal activities also reveal that methoxy and chloro substituted coumarins (6 e and 6 j) were highly active against yeast strains. In addition, chloro and methyl substituted coumarins (6 h and 6 i) were also exhibited excellent activity. Further, methyl substituted quinolinone with chloro substituted coumarin (7 f) was found to highly active against yeast fungi and filamentous strain A.niger. It is evident from the results obtained and SAR studies that electron withdrawing or donating character of the substituents do not seem to be a major factor in increasing or decreasing anti‐microbial activity.
Design, Synthesis and Evaluation of 1H‐1,2,3‐Triazol‐4‐yl‐methyl Tethered 3‐Pyrrolylisatins as Potent Anti‐Breast Cancer Agents
Authors: Jain Ruchi , Gahlyan Parveen , Dwivedi Sonam , Konwar Rituraj , Kumar Sudhir , Bhandari Mamta , Arora Ritu , Kakkar Rita , Kumar Rakesh , Prasad Ashok K. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractCancer is a class of diseases that is characterized by the uncontrollable or unstoppable growth of abnormal cells with the potential to invade or spread to other normal body parts. According to WHO estimates, globally 10 million new cancer cases are diagnosed each year. Its 100% prevention becomes a major challenge for the scientific fraternity. Therefore, there is an urgent need to discover new drugs that could overcome the present issue. In order to meet the challenges, a library of 22 novel 1H‐1,2,3‐triazol‐4‐yl‐methyl tethered 3‐pyrrolyl isatin derivatives have been synthesized and well characterized by using different spectral techniques. The newly synthesized conjugates were screened for their anti‐proliferative activity against breast cancer MCF‐7 and MDA‐MB‐231, as well as human embryonic HEK 293 cell lines by 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Cytotoxicity studies revealed that six of the compounds among entire series are three‐fold more potent than the commercially available reference drug tamoxifen against MDA‐MB‐231 and relatively safe towards HEK‐293 cells. In order to validate experimental results, the possible binding interaction of the most potent conjugate and tamoxifen with Topoisomerase II has been scrutinized by molecular docking studies.
Magnetic Isinglass a Nano‐Bio Support for Copper Immobilization: Cu–IG@Fe3O4 a Heterogeneous Catalyst for Triazoles Synthesis
Authors: Dolatkhah Zahra , Javanshir Shahrzad , Bazgir Ayoob , Mohammadkhani Abolfazl 
Published: May 2018

AbstractA green magnetically heterogeneous catalyst was prepared by the copper immobilization onto magnetic isinglass as a nano bio‐support. The prepared catalyst was used as an effective and reusable catalyst for click synthesis of triazoles by the three‐component reaction of benzyl halide or phenacyl bromides, aryl acetylenes and sodium azide in water as the best green solvent.
Synthesis of Benzo[b]furan Derivatives via S8‐Nano particles/β‐cyclodextrin: An Environmentally Friendly Approach
Authors: Ansari Mohd Danish , Sagir Hozeyfa , Yadav Vijay B. , Yadav Neetu , Siddiqui I R 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe synergistic effect of S8‐nanoparticles and β‐cyclodextrin as heterogeneous catalyst system for the synthesis of different benzo[b]furan derivatives from resorcinol and arylglyoxal has been described. This protocol provides a new, environment‐sustainable and simple strategy to construct benzo[b]furans via formation of three new bonds (C−C and C−O) under transition metal‐free conditions. A high catalytic activity and easy recyclability for several times with consistent activity are the additional eco‐friendly aspects of this catalytic system.
Sterically Shielded Stable Carbenes and Biscarbenes of the 1,2,4‐Triazole Series: A New Method for the Preparation of 1,3,4‐Triaryl‐1,2,4‐triazol‐5‐ylidenes
Authors: Glinyanaya Nataliya V. , Korotkikh Nikolai I. , Cowley Alan H. , Williams Owen , Jones Richard A. , Lynch Vincent M. , Kiselyov Artyom V. , Rayenko Gennady F. , Derevenets Maria A. , Ryabitsky Alexey B. , Palomero Orhi Esarte , Shvaika Oles P. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe 1‐adamantyl substituted stable carbene 5 and the biscarbene 9 of the 1,2,4‐triazole series with sterically shielding groups at the position 4 of the heterocyclic ring (dbmp, dipp) have been synthesized in three steps starting from the derivatives of 1,3,4‐oxadiazole 1,6. A new method for the preparation of 1,3,4‐triaryl‐1,2,4‐triazol‐5‐ylidenes (14 a‐c) has also been proposed and includes the Vilsmeier reaction of 2‐benzoyl‐1‐formylphenylhydrazine with phosphorus chloroxide and aromatic amines, followed by deprotonation of the obtained 1,3,4‐triaryl‐1,2,4‐triazolium salts. The method allows introduction of steric shielding substituents to the 4‐position of the heterocycle. The resulting carbenes show promise as nucleophilic catalysts and ligands for carbene complex catalysts of organic reactions.
C‐N and N‐N bond formation via Reductive Cyclization: Progress in Cadogan /Cadogan‐Sundberg Reactionǂ
Authors: Kaur Manpreet , Kumar Raj 
Published: May 2018

AbstractCadogan/Cadogan‐Sundberg cyclization reaction has been reported as one of the most efficient routes for the synthesis of a wide variety of N‐heterocycles from the easily accessible starting materials such as o‐nitrobiaryls or o‐nitroarenes, o‐nitrostyrenes by treating with tetravalent phosphorus compounds (trialkyl or triaryl phosphines or trialkyl phosphites). The reaction has been successfully employed in Carbon‐Carbon as well as Carbon‐Nitrogen bond formation for the scaffolds like carbazole, indoles, coumarins, and indazoles. To the best of authors’ knowledge, the present review is the first compilation of the literature from almost two decades (2000 to present) on Cadogan/Cadogan‐Sundberg cyclization reaction, its scope, mechanistic aspects, and limitations.
Strong Coupling of MoS2 Nanosheets and Nitrogen‐Doped Graphene for High‐Performance Pseudocapacitance Lithium Storage
Authors: Lei Zhendong , Xu Laiqiang , Jiao Yalong , Du Aijun , Zhang Yong , Zhang Haijiao 
Published: May 2018

AbstractLayered material MoS2 is widely applied as a promising anode for lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). Herein, a scalable and facile dopamine‐assisted hydrothermal technique for the preparation of strongly coupled MoS2 nanosheets and nitrogen‐doped graphene (MoS2/N‐G) composite is developed. In this composite, the interconnected MoS2 nanosheets are well wrapped onto the surface of graphene, forming a unique veil‐like architecture. Experimental results indicate that dopamine plays multiple roles in the synthesis: a binding agent to anchor and uniformly disperse MoS2 nanosheets, a morphology promoter, and the precursor for in situ nitrogen doping during the self‐polymerization process. Density functional theory calculations further reveal that a strong interaction exists at the interface of MoS2 nanosheets and nitrogen‐doped graphene, which facilitates the charge transfer in the hybrid system. When used as the anode for LIBs, the resulting MoS2/N‐G composite electrode exhibits much higher and more stable Li‐ion storage capacity (e.g., 1102 mAh g−1 at 100 mA g−1) than that of MoS2/G electrode without employing the dopamine linker. Significantly, it is also identified that the thin MoS2 nanosheets display outstanding high‐rate capability due to surface‐dominated pseudocapacitance contribution.
Prediction of nonlinear seismic demands of high‐rise rocking wall structures using a simplified modal pushover analysis procedure
Authors: Najam Fawad Ahmed , Qureshi Muhammad Irshad , Warnitchai Pennung , Mehmood Tahir 
Published: May 2018

SummaryThis study presents a simplified analysis procedure for the convenient estimation of nonlinear seismic demands of high‐rise rocking wall structures. For this purpose, the displacement modification approach used in the nonlinear static procedure of ASCE/SEI 41‐13 is adopted. However, in the current study, this approach is extended to every significant vibration mode of the structure whereas the displacement modifying coefficients for different modes are calculated using the typical flag‐shaped hysteresis behavior of rocking walls. The parameters of this hysteresis behavior are selected to represent rocking walls with a practical range of energy dissipation capacity and postgap‐opening stiffness. The computed peak inelastic‐to‐elastic displacement ratios are presented as mean spectra, which can be used for the convenient estimation of pushover target displacement for every significant vibration mode. The accuracy of proposed procedure is examined using the seismic demands obtained from the nonlinear response history analysis of a 20‐story case study rocking wall structure. Furthermore, a modal decomposition technique is used to determine the individual modal seismic demands. The proposed procedure is found to predict both the combined and the individual modal demands with a reasonable accuracy and can serve as a convenient analysis option for the design and performance evaluation of high‐rise rocking wall systems.
Droplet microfluidics for high‐sensitivity and high‐throughput detection and screening of disease biomarkers
Authors: Kaushik Aniruddha M. , Hsieh Kuangwen , Wang Tza‐Huei 
Published: May 2018

Biomarkers are nucleic acids, proteins, single cells, or small molecules in human tissues or biological fluids whose reliable detection can be used to confirm or predict disease and disease states. Sensitive detection of biomarkers is therefore critical in a variety of applications including disease diagnostics, therapeutics, and drug screening. Unfortunately for many diseases, low abundance of biomarkers in human samples and low sample volumes render standard benchtop platforms like 96‐well plates ineffective for reliable detection and screening. Discretization of bulk samples into a large number of small volumes (fL‐nL) via droplet microfluidic technology offers a promising solution for high‐sensitivity and high‐throughput detection and screening of biomarkers. Several microfluidic strategies exist for high‐throughput biomarker digitization into droplets, and these strategies have been utilized by numerous droplet platforms for nucleic acid, protein, and single‐cell detection and screening. While the potential of droplet‐based platforms has led to burgeoning interest in droplets, seamless integration of sample preparation technologies and automation of platforms from biological sample to answer remain critical components that can render these platforms useful in the clinical setting in the near future.This article is categorized under:

Diagnostic Tools > Biosensing
Diagnostic Tools > Diagnostic Nanodevices
Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies
Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Infectious Disease
QoE Management for Future Networks
Authors: Schatz Raimund , Schwarzmann Susanna , Zinner Thomas , Dobrijevic Ognjen , Liotou Eirini , Pocta Peter , Barakovic Sabina , Barakovic Husic Jasmina , Skorin-Kapov Lea 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThis chapter discusses prospects of QoE management for future networks and applications. After motivating QoE management, it first provides an introduction to the concept by discussing its origins, key terms and giving an overview of the most relevant existing theoretical frameworks. Then, recent research on promising technical approaches to QoE-driven management that operate across different layers of the networking stack is discussed. Finally, the chapter provides conclusions and an outlook on the future of QoE management with a focus on those key enablers (including cooperation, business models and key technologies) that are essential for ultimately turning QoE-aware network and application management into reality.
Lag Compensation for First-Person Shooter Games in Cloud Gaming
Authors: Li Zhi , Melvin Hugh , Bruzgiene Rasa , Pocta Peter , Skorin-Kapov Lea , Zgank Andrej 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Cloud gaming is an emerging technology that combines cloud computing with computer games. Compared to traditional gaming, its core advantages include ease of development/deployment for developers, and lower technology costs for users given the potential to play on thin client devices. In this chapter, we firstly describe the approach, and then focus on the impact of latency, known as lag, on Quality of Experience, for so-called First Person Shooter games. We outline our approach to lag compensation whereby we equalize within reason the up and downlink delays in real-time for all players. We describe the testbed in detail, the open source Gaming Anywhere platform, the use of NTP to synchronise time, the network emulator and the role of the centralized log server. We then present results that firstly validate the mechanism and also use small scale and preliminary subjective tests to assess and prove its performance. We conclude the chapter by outlining ongoing and future work.
QoS-Based Elasticity for Service Chains in Distributed Edge Cloud Environments
Authors: Cardellini Valeria , Galinac Grbac Tihana , Nardelli Matteo , Tanković Nikola , Truong Hong-Linh 
Published: May 2018

AbstractWith the emerging IoT and Cloud-based networked systems that rely heavily on virtualization technologies, elasticity becomes a dominant system engineering attribute for providing QoS-aware services to their users. Although the concept of elasticity can introduce significant QoS and cost benefits, its implementation in real systems is full of challenges. Indeed, nowadays systems are mainly distributed, built upon several layers of abstraction, and with centralized control mechanisms. In such a complex environment, controlling elasticity in a centralized manner might strongly penalize scalability. To overcome this issue, we can conveniently split the system in autonomous subsystems that implement elasticity mechanisms and run control policies in a decentralized manner. To efficiently and effectively cooperate with each other, the subsystems need to communicate among themselves to determine elasticity decisions that collectively improve the overall system performance. This new architecture calls for the development of new mechanisms and efficient policies. In this chapter, we focus on elasticity in IoT and Cloud-based systems, which can be geo-distributed also at the edge of the networks, and discuss its engineering perspectives along with various coordination mechanisms. We focus on the design choices that may affect the elasticity properties and provide an overview of some decentralized design patterns related to the coordination of elasticity decisions.