bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
O dyfuzji semantycznej w tekstach dziennikarskich na przykładzie wybranych polskich compositów z pierwszym obcym komponentem
Authors: Długosz Natalia 
Published: April 2018

On semantic diffusion in journalistic texts, using the example of selected Polish compounds where the first element is foreign
The article focuses on the signs of semantic diffusion in word formation in the context of the indeterminate nature of many Polish compounds in which the first element is foreign, such as those with the component e-, euro-, or eco-. Derivatives are investigated in terms of their context, i.e. emphasis is put on their updated meaning in specific uses in journalistic texts. The phenomenon is analysed in connection with the pragmatic aspect of word formation in the language of the mass media.
Poszczególne wśród operatorów kwantyfikacji
Authors: Grochowski Maciej 
Published: April 2018

Poszczególne ‘individual’ among quantification operators
The paper presents a syntactic and semantic analysis of a Polish lexical unit poszczególne ‘individual’. It contains a description of the limits of its use, and a proposition of representation of its meaning. Moreover, it justifies the hypothesis that the meaning of poszczególne implies the notions of multitude, ordering, and openness of the set, and that the unit is one of the operators of distributive quantification.
Z bilingwizmu pisarzy młodopolskich
Authors: Kubiszyn-Mędrala Zofia 
Published: April 2018

On the bilingualism of Young Polish writers. Anthroponymy in Tadeusz Rittner’s Polish and German dramas
The present paper is devoted to the question of literary onomastics in the texts of a bilingual author. In discussing this problem, we focus on how literary characters are named in selected dramas by Tadeusz Rittner, which have both a Polish and a German version. A detailed analysis includes a comparison of names and surnames used by the author to identify his characters. We indicate differences in the choice of specific types of proper names and in their forms, which result from different customs and onomastic systems in each of Rittner’s languages, as well as from separate Polish and German linguistic etiquettes, determining the use of particular proper names. In addition, the analyses emphasize Rittner’s attention to onomastic and cultural reality that he introduced to his works, which confirms his linguistic and communicative competence in both Polish and German in this domain.
„Jak oni mówią?”, czyli próba interpretacji języka Polaków na Zaolziu
Authors: Bogocz Irena 
Published: April 2018

„How do they speak?” or on commonly spoken language of the Poles in the Czech part of the Cieszyn Region
The paper consists of three parts. Having characterised the region, local population, and linguistic situation (with a detailed description of education in Polish minority schools), the author introduces fragments of transcribed audio recordings of interviews with students of a Polish grammar school, as well as examples of their communications on Facebook. The author analyses the authentic language code used by the members of the Polish minority and compares it with both Polish and Czech, arriving at the conclusion that it is a hybrid (mixed) interdialect with elements of both Polish and, predominantly, of Czech.
Cell-Free Plasma DNA for Disease Stratification and Prognosis in Head and Neck Cancer
Authors: Schirmer Markus A , Beck Julia , Leu Martin , Oellerich Michael , Rave-Fränk Margret , Walson Philip D , Schütz Ekkehard , Canis Martin 
Published: April 2018

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Clinicians face many challenges in disease stratification and outcome prediction in head and neck squamous cancer cell (HNSCC) patients. Given the limitations of currently used clinical scoring, repetitive biopsies, and imaging techniques, liquid biopsy approaches may provide valuable additional diagnostic and prognostic information.

METHODS
A noninterventional, single-center observational study was performed with clinical data and plasma samples from HNSCC patients. Cell-free tumor DNA-derived copy number aberrations (CNAs) were determined in 116 patients by low-coverage next-generation sequencing (NGS). Significant CNAs were combined in a genome-wide copy number instability score (CNI), which was evaluated with respect to conventional clinical staging and patient outcome.

RESULTS
Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis comparing the presurgery CNI in patients (n = 103) with that in tumor-free controls (n = 142) yielded an area under the ROC curve of 87.2% (95% CI, 79.4%–93.3%). At a specificity of 95%, the sensitivity to detect tumors varied between 46% (pT1) and 94% (pT4). A CNI above the median (i.e., &gt;72) had a positive predictive value of 90% (95% CI, 79%–96%) for lymph node involvement (LNI), while the negative predictive value was 57% (95% CI, 43%–70%). For a CNI &gt;72, overall survival (OS) was worse (hazard ratio, 4.89; 95% CI, 1.39–17.17; P = 0.01) with 62% and 90% survivors 3 years after surgery for a CNI &gt;72 and ≤72, respectively. In multivariable models, the CNI was a superior predictor of OS compared to established disease features, including LNI.

CONCLUSIONS
The CNI may assist in predicting LNI and prognosis in HNSCC with direct therapeutic implications concerning the need for neck dissection or more aggressive treatment.
UNIVERSIDADE E REFORMA UNIVERSITÁRIA
Authors: Coelho Ildeu M. 
Published: April 2018

O debate e o encaminhamento da reforma universitária propostos pelo governo privilegiam os aspectos operacionais, silenciando a natureza da instituição e outras questões inerentes ao sentido da vida acadêmica. Daí a ausência de parâmetros e critérios para o julgamento das propostas apresentadas e a definição das ações e cuidados exigidos para sua realização. Ao perguntar o que é a universidade e trabalhar para constituir-se como instituição do pensamento e da criação do inexistente, entretanto, ela afirma sua autoridade para pensar e defender novas formas de existência das pessoas, da sociedade, da humanidade e da universidade. O texto discute, ainda, as questões que estão em jogo e os cuidados para não se reduzir a instituição e sua reforma ao plano das decisões legais, formais e administrativas, mas se preservar e se afirmar sua natureza e sentido e a criação de direitos.
PROFISSIONALIDADE DOCENTE EM ANÁLISE - ESPECIFICIDADES DOS ENSINOS SUPERIOR E NÃO SUPERIOR
Authors: Roldão Maria Do Céu 
Published: April 2018

Neste artigo são examinados os descritores do conceito de profissionalidade e as suas particularidades quando aplicados à actividade docente. A análise desenvolvida fundamenta-se nos caracterizadores de profissionalidade mais consensuais na literatura do campo teórico da sociologia das profissões. Os factores histórico-sociais que subjazem à representação da actividade docente, dentro e fora da comunidade dos seus praticantes, são confrontados com as práticas de ensino no que se refere a poder, saber próprio, clareza da função social desempenhada e sentido de comunidade profissional. Na análise desenvolvida, examinam-se e procuram explicar-se as diferenças observáveis, no quadro de representação social da docência, entre docentes de ensino superior e não superior.
AS CRIANÇAS COMO ATORES SOCIAIS NO ESPAÇO/TEMPO DA CRECHE: um olhar pela Sociologia da Infância
Authors: Maia Janaina Nogueira , Brostolin Marta Regina 
Published: April 2018

O presente estudo emerge das discussões realizadas no GEPDI (Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisas da Docência na Infância) do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação da Universidade Católica Dom Bosco (PPGE-UCDB) e tem por objetivo observar e analisar o que dizem as crianças (Maternal) em suas interações estabelecidas no espaço/tempo de uma creche no município de Aquidauana/MS. A observação consistiu em identificar o modo de expressividade e manifestação das crianças buscando compreender os processos interativos entre eles e entre eles e os adultos/profissionais e analisar suas experiências neste espaço/tempo que é a possibilidade das crianças viveram a sua infância. A base teórica desse estudo tem a criança e infância pensada pela Sociologia da Infância, considerando-a atores sociais, sujeitos de direitos e como aporte teórico autores deste campo de estudo emergente em relação a suas culturas de pares, bem como as suas interações e diferentes manifestações. Tem uma abordagem qualitativa, do ponto de vista metodológico e ao longo da pesquisa utilizou a observação como instrumento para geração de dados, tendo como recurso metodológico a fotografia. Por meio de análises, os resultados indicam que as crianças sabem se comunicar, interagem, compartilham, manifestam e estabelecem suas próprias culturas, afetadas e afetando o seu entorno com suas reações e interações ao longo de sua permanência na instituição infantil.
A FORMAÇÃO DO INDIVÍDUO E A DIALÉTICA DO ESCLARECIMENTO
Authors: Crochík José Leon 
Published: April 2018

0 objetivo deste ensaio e refletir sobre a questão da formação no pensamento de Theodor W. Adorno. A formação clássica e contraposta a pseudoformação nas duas vertentes que essa ultima se apresenta: a que considera a cultura como um fim em si mesmo e aquela que se destina unicamente a adaptacão.
LEITURA, LITERATURA INFANTO-JUVENIL E A FORMAÇÃO DO PROFESSOR
Authors: Silva Ezequiel Theodoro da 
Published: April 2018

Este artigo abriu o I SeminÁrio lnternacional de Literatura lnfantil e Juvenil do Oeste Paulista realizado em outubro de 2000 em Presidente Prudente. Mostro a importância da leitura na formação do professor e o resgate do prazer em textos de tipologias variadas: quadras, adivinhas, trava linguas, cantigas, fabulas, lendas, piadas - todos pertencentes as tradições orais brasileiras. Estas memórias que ainda carregamos conosco e que, no meu ponto de vista , formam a base para a nossa sensibilidade com as maravilhas da linguagem. No meu ponto de vista, sem o cultivo dessas tradições, dificilmente seremos capazes de levar os estudantes àquilo que é chamado de "gosto pela leitura" - isto porque, para apreciar a literatura, o leitor tem que possuir uma sensibilidade aguçada em relação à elasticidade da palavra. Elasticidade esta que permite o artesanato criativo dos escritores que tem nas crianças e nos jovens os destinatários de suas obras.
REPENSANDO A FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES
Authors: Coêlho Ildeu M. 
Published: April 2018

Este texto mostra como concepções presentes no debate da escola no Brasil são inseparáveis de idéias de saber e de práticas escolares centradas na distribuição e apropriação do saber sistematizado para a consecução de objetivos pragmáticos. A escola perde então seu sentido intrínseco e autonomia, ficando subordinada a algo que se situa fora e acima dela mesma. O sentido da formação de professores se transforma, adequando-se a essas concepções e práticas. São visíveis o estreitamento e o empobrecimento da educação, da escola, da formação humana, cultural, e dos cursos de licenciaturas no sentido do prático, do útil, da instrumentalização. Novos conceitos e práticas de educação, cultura, escola, universidade, ensino, aprendizagem e formação são concretamente possíveis e começam a surgir.
PENSANDO A LICENCIATURA NA UNESP
Authors: UNESP Comissão de Estudos De Formação de Professores da 
Published: April 2018

O presente texto foi elaborado por Comissão de Estudos de Formação de Professores, instituída por Portaria do Reitor da UNESP (de 6/05/2002), para elaborar documento destinado a: propor sugestões para um perfil geral comum de projeto pedagógico e organização curricular dos cursos de licenciatura da UNESP; assessorar os coordenadores de cursos na elaboração dos projetos pedagógicos e das propostas de organização curricular dos cursos de licenciatura. O documento insiste na necessidade de:- valorizar a trajetória da UNESP na área de formação de professores, construindo projetos político-pedagógicos diferenciados;- preservar a qualidade dos cursos, mantendo sua duração e base teórica sólida;- institucionalizar as relações universidade - escola pública, fomentando real parceria na formação de educadores;- construir uma real integração teoria-prática, articulando as práticas e estágios com todas as disciplinas do curso - quer as de natureza pedagógica, quer as voltadas para conteúdos específicos de modo que as atividades práticas sejam baseadas em reflexões teóricas e intencionalizadas para a formação do docente.- rever normas vigentes na UNESP que impedem a construção de projeto inovadores.
Pallidal Deep-Brain Stimulation Disrupts Pallidal Beta Oscillations and Coherence with Primary Motor Cortex in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Wang Doris D. , de Hemptinne Coralie , Miocinovic Svjetlana , Ostrem Jill L. , Galifianakis Nicholas B. , San Luciano Marta , Starr Philip A. 
Published: April 2018

In Parkinson's disease (PD), subthalamic nucleus beta band oscillations are decreased by therapeutic deep-brain stimulation (DBS) and this has been proposed as important to the mechanism of therapy. The globus pallidus is a common alternative target for PD with similar motor benefits as subthalamic DBS, but effects of pallidal stimulation in PD are not well studied, and effects of pallidal DBS on cortical function in PD are unknown. Here, in 20 PD and 14 isolated dystonia human patients of both genders undergoing pallidal DBS lead implantation, we recorded local field potentials from the globus pallidus and in a subset of these, recorded simultaneous sensorimotor cortex ECoG potentials. PD patients had elevated resting pallidal low beta band (13–20 Hz) power compared with dystonia patients, whereas dystonia patients had elevated resting pallidal theta band (4–8 Hz) power compared with PD. We show that this results in disease-specific patterns of interaction between the pallidum and motor cortex: PD patients demonstrated relatively elevated phase coherence with the motor cortex in the beta band and this was reduced by therapeutic pallidal DBS. Dystonia patients had greater theta band phase coherence. Our results support the hypothesis that specific motor phenomenology observed in movement disorders are associated with elevated network oscillations in specific frequency bands, and that DBS in movement disorders acts in general by disrupting elevated synchronization between basal ganglia output and motor cortex.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTPerturbations in synchronized oscillatory activity in brain networks are increasingly recognized as important features in movement disorders. The globus pallidus is a commonly used target for deep-brain stimulation (DBS) in Parkinson's disease (PD), however, the effects of pallidal DBS on basal ganglia and cortical oscillations are unknown. Using invasive intraoperative recordings in patients with PD and isolated dystonia, we found disease-specific patterns of elevated oscillatory synchronization within the pallidum and in coherence between pallidum and motor cortex. Therapeutic pallidal DBS in PD suppresses these elevated synchronizations, reducing the influence of diseased basal ganglia on cortical physiology. We propose a general mechanism for DBS therapy in movement disorders: functional disconnection of basal ganglia output and motor cortex by coherence suppression.
Odnos srednjoškolaca prema školskom uspjehu
Authors: Vrcelj Sofija , Kušić Siniša , Cikač Tea 
Published: April 2018

Postoji značajan broj istraživanja o povezanosti školskoga uspjeha s čimbenicima za koje se vjeruje da utječu ili mogu utjecati na školski uspjeh. Unatoč tome mali je broj istraživanja o školskom uspjehu koja se provode iz perspektive učenika kao glavnih nositelja ovoga fenomena. Upravo iz tog razloga provedeno je istraživanje o školskom uspjehu iz perspektive srednjoškolskih učenika za koje se smatra da su posebno osjetljiva i rizična populacija izložena djelovanju brojnih čimbenika, a koja predstavlja potencijal znanstvenoga i gospodarskoga razvoja određene zemlje.
Polazeći od različitih tipova srednjih škola u radu se iznose rezultati istraživanja čiji je cilj bio ispitati odnos učenika gimnazije, četverogodišnje i trogodišnje strukovne škole prema školskom uspjehu. Istraživanje je provedeno na prigodnom uzorku od 186 učenika iz devet srednjih škola različitoga tipa. Radi ostvarivanja postavljenoga cilja ispitalo se kako učenici određuju školski uspjeh, kakav značaj mu pridaju, kako rangiraju čimbenike koji utječu na poboljšanje i opadanje školskoga uspjeha, tko ih potiče na postizanje školskoga uspjeha te na koji način postižu školski uspjeh. Rezultati istraživanja pokazali su da iako svi učenici školski uspjeh procjenjuju važnim, postoje statistički značajne razlike u odnosu prema školskom uspjehu s obzirom na tip srednje škole koju učenici pohađaju.
Apie bandymą atverti juodąsias mokslo dėžes (1)
Authors: Poviliūnas Arūnas 
Published: April 2018

[only abstract in English; full article and abstract in Lithuanian]
This study is an analysis of a sociological research about the scientific activities performed by natural scientists. It is composed of three parts: a critical overview of Bruno Latour’s theoretical writings on the Actor-Network Theory, the description of the research and reflections on the findings. The research discussed in this study was a didactical experiment consisting of focus group discussions. The aim of the experiment was to facilitate an epistemological rupture, which, in the science studies, might be interpreted as a shift from the sociology of the social to the sociology of translation or the Actor-Network Theory treating non-social objects of nature, nonhumans or things as social entities within associations and networks. The sociology students who participated in the didactical experiment were very positive about their experience regarding the epistemological rupture and its role in shaping their knowledge about sociology itself. In this issue, we publish the first part of the study and discuss the ideas of B. Latour on the sociology of transduction and science studies.
Bipolinio istorinio teisingumo struktūros ir politinė atskirtis. Lietuvos rusakalbių prisiminimai apie Antrąjį pasaulinį karą Lietuvos ir Rusijos istorijos politikos kontekste
Authors: Klumbytė Neringa 
Published: April 2018

[only abstract in English; full article and abstract in Lithuanian]
In Lithuania, the politics of history center on Lithuania’s Soviet occupation and post-war resistance, while in Russia the focus is on the USSR’s victory in WWII and the USSR’s role in the liberation of Europe from fascism. I argue that the politics of history in Lithuania and Russia create mutually exclusive, institutionalized, bipolar historical structures, according to which justice for one nationality is presented as an injustice to another. This article draws on the analysis of the politics of history in Lithuania and Russia as well as my own ethnographic research in Vilnius, Kaunas and Klaipėda among Lithuanian Russian-speakers and Lithuanians in 2016–2017. I show how in Lithuania, the politics of history surrounding WWII commemorations create the political exclusion of Russian speakers, which is experienced and unmade by personal justice and reconciliation stories of Lithuanian Russian-speakers as well as Lithuanians. In the context of geopolitical insecurity, which intensified after the Russia-Ukraine conflict, bipolar historical structures gain increasing significance as political tools; they are an outcome of both Lithuania’s and Russia’s politics of history.
Disparities for LGBTQ and Gender Nonconforming Adolescents
Authors: Baams Laura 
Published: April 2018

OBJECTIVES:
To identify patterns of childhood adversity in a sample of adolescents and assess disparities in these experiences for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and questioning adolescents and by level of gender nonconformity.

METHOD
By using the cross-sectional, statewide, anonymous 2016 Minnesota Student Survey, 81 885 students were included in the current study (50.59% male; mean age = 15.51). Participants were enrolled in grades 9 and 11 in a total of 348 schools.

RESULTS:
Four patterns of childhood adversity were identified with sex-stratified latent class analyses (entropy = 0.833 males; 0.833 females), ranging from relatively low levels of abuse (85.3% males; 80.1% females) to polyvictimization (0.84% males; 1.98% females). A regression analysis showed that compared with heterosexual adolescents, gay, lesbian, bisexual, and questioning adolescents were more likely to be classified into profiles characterized by polyvictimization (odds ratio [OR] 1.81–7.53) and psychological and/or physical abuse (OR 1.29–3.12), than no or low adversity. Similarly, compared with nontransgender adolescents, transgender adolescents were more likely to be classified into profiles characterized by patterns of polyvictimization (OR 1.49–2.91) and psychological and/or physical abuse (OR 1.23–1.96). A higher level of gender nonconformity predicted a higher likelihood of being classified into each adversity profile compared with the no or low adversity profile (OR 1.14–1.45).

CONCLUSIONS:
Sexual minority adolescents and adolescents with high levels of gender nonconformity are vulnerable to experience adversity. The disparities for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and questioning adolescents and adolescents with high gender nonconformity highlight the variation in patterns of childhood adversity that these youth are at risk of experiencing. The findings reveal the need for further research on the benefits and harm of screening for childhood adversity by physicians and pediatricians.
Mental Health of Transgender and Gender Nonconforming Youth Compared With Their Peers
Authors: Becerra-Culqui Tracy A. , Liu Yuan , Nash Rebecca , Cromwell Lee , Flanders W. Dana , Getahun Darios , Giammattei Shawn V. , Hunkeler Enid M. , Lash Timothy L. , Millman Andrea , Quinn Virginia P. , Robinson Brandi , Roblin Douglas , Sandberg David E. , Silverberg Michael J. , Tangpricha Vin , Goodman Michael 
Published: April 2018

BACKGROUND:
Understanding the magnitude of mental health problems, particularly life-threatening ones, experienced by transgender and/or gender nonconforming (TGNC) youth can lead to improved management of these conditions.

METHODS:
Electronic medical records were used to identify a cohort of 588 transfeminine and 745 transmasculine children (3–9 years old) and adolescents (10–17 years old) enrolled in integrated health care systems in California and Georgia. Ten male and 10 female referent cisgender enrollees were matched to each TGNC individual on year of birth, race and/or ethnicity, study site, and membership year of the index date (first evidence of gender nonconforming status). Prevalence ratios were calculated by dividing the proportion of TGNC individuals with a specific mental health diagnosis or diagnostic category by the corresponding proportion in each reference group by transfeminine and/or transmasculine status, age group, and time period before the index date.

RESULTS:
Common diagnoses for children and adolescents were attention deficit disorders (transfeminine 15%; transmasculine 16%) and depressive disorders (transfeminine 49%; transmasculine 62%), respectively. For all diagnostic categories, prevalence was severalfold higher among TGNC youth than in matched reference groups. Prevalence ratios (95% confidence intervals [CIs]) for history of self-inflicted injury in adolescents 6 months before the index date ranged from 18 (95% CI 4.4–82) to 144 (95% CI 36–1248). The corresponding range for suicidal ideation was 25 (95% CI 14–45) to 54 (95% CI 18–218).

CONCLUSIONS:
TGNC youth may present with mental health conditions requiring immediate evaluation and implementation of clinical, social, and educational gender identity support measures.