bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
V. Development of new powder wires for building-up. A powder wire based on dust of gas cleaning systems of silicomanganese
Authors: Коzyrev N. A. , Kryukov R. E. , Nepomnyaschikh A. S. , Usol’tsev A. A. , Popova М. V. 
Published: December 2018

A new powder wire developed by using dust of gas cleaning systems of silicomanganese production plant and powder of gas cleaning systems of aluminum production at different proportion of components. As components the following was used: dust of gas cleaning systems of aluminum production plant, % (mas.): 21–46.23 Al2O3; 18–27 F; 8–15 Na2O; 0.4–6 K2O; 0.7–2.3 CaO; 0.5–2.48 Si2O; 2.1–3.27 Fe2O3; 12.5–30.2 Ctotal; 0.07–0.9 MnO; 0.06–0.9 MgO; 0.09–0.19 S; 0.1–0.18 P, and dust of gas cleaning systems of silicomanganese production plant, % (mas.): 2.43 Al2O3; 1.32 Na2O; 5.56 K2O; 6.4 CaO; 29.19 SiO2; 0.137 BaO; 7.54 MgO; 0.23 S; 0.04 P; 1.067 Fe; 27.69 Mn; 2.687 Zn; 3.833 Pb.The building-up was done under a flux, made of slag of silicomanganese plant of Zapadno-Sibirsky steel-works, havin the chemical composition (%, mas.): 6.91–9.62 Al2O3; 22.85–31.70 CaO; 46.46–48.16 SiO2; 0.27–0.81 FeO; 6.48–7.92 MgO; 8.01–8.43 MnO; 0.28–0.76 F; 0.26–0.36 Na2O; 0.62 K2O; 0.15–0.17 S; 0.01 P. The building-up mode selected. Samples wear tests were carried out at machine 2070 СМТ-1. Chemical composition of the built-up metal was determined at spectrometer ДФС-71. The hardness of built-up layers was measured by hardness meter МЕТ-ДУ. The estimation of nonmetallic inclusions was made as per GOST 1778– 70 by optical microscope Olympus GX-51.Quality indices studied and coefficients of manganese recovery at different proportions of components calculated. Statistical processing of the study results was made, statistical curves of influence of component compositions on properties of built-up layer constructed.
A concept of control of processes of vanadium, niobium and titanium carbonitrides forming by consecutive alloying
Authors: Akhmetov A. V. , Kusainova G. D. , Sharkaev S. N. , Muskenova K. M. , Basin V. B. , Sejsimbinov T. S. 
Published: December 2018

Base on laboratory and industrial experiments, as well as subsequent studies of the microstructure of steel samples alloyed with a certain sequence by vanadium, niobium, and titanium, a concept including compliance with the order of those microalloying elements introducing into steel developed and justified. According to the concept, the sequence of introduction is determined by the difference in the degree of their thermodynamic affinity to the nitrogen and carbon dissolved in the steel.Investigations of the microstructure of experimental microalloyed samples by an optical microscope, with a magnification x250, showed the most significant grain refinement with a consecutive additive – first vanadium with niobium and after 10 minutes of holding – titanium.The efficiency of the developed alloying method for the advanced formation of vanadium and niobium carbonitrides was evaluated by studies with the Mira3 Tescan electron scanning microscope having an X-ray energy dispersive microanalysis system X-Act (Oxford Instruments). When studying the compositions and the form of carbonitrides discovered in steel samples alloyed with a different sequence of additives, it was established, that during simultaneous additive of titanium, vanadium and niobium into steel, titanium carbonitrides account for a majority, while vanadium and niobium carbonitrides are not actually formed or are represented by single inclusions. Conversely, in steel samples alloyed with a consecutive additive to steel, first vanadium with niobium and later titanium, carbonitride of vanadium and niobium inclusions prevail. In this case, titanium carbonitrides are represented only by single and fine inclusions. Thus, first introducing of vanadium and niobium, allows them to react fully with stoichiometrically insufficient concentrations of nitrogen and carbon, ahead of the formation of titanium nitrides.Based on the results of the research in JSC “ArcelorMittal Temirtau”, using the developed concept of consecutive alloying by carbonitride-forming elements, the technology of 09G2FB grade steel production with a ferrite-bainite structure developed and implemented, fully meeting API Spec 5L requirements for steel of strength category X80.
Study of scull and lining in the hearth of blast furnace No. 2 of JSC EVRAZ ZSMK (Report 2)
Authors: Коverzin A. M. , Schipizyn V. G. , Vaschenko A. V. , Bliznyukov A. S. , Sadradinov M. R. , Makavetskas А. R. , Fischenko Yu. A. 
Published: December 2018

Results of study of scull and lining composition from the hearth of blast furnace No. 2 of JSC EVRAZ ZSMK after stop for capital overhaul quoted. It was determined, that due to microprobe chemical analysis data, considerable quantity different minerals and metals can be discovered in the scull and in the lining. But chemical analysis of averaged samples and their X-ray structure analysis allows to state, that the scull is formed during crystallization of heat products – cast iron and slag. Therefore the scull base is the following:– metal, in the content of which α-Fe prevails with iron carbides (Fe3C) inclusions, complicated carbides of variable composition (FeхSiyCz), iron and graphite sulfides and phosphides, as a rule, of laminar structure;– graphite in the form of separate phase;– slag components, melilite and anorthite being the base of them (minerals, formed during crystallization of slag of blast furnace heat).At the level of hot metal tap hole and higher the scull and lining are saturated by alkaline metals accompanied by forming leucite, caliofilite, calcilite, zinc (zinc oxide, ganit, willemite in samples), sulphur with forming of sulphides, phosphor (iron phosphides in metal, apatite in slag). Lower the level of tap hole the number of slag inclusions in the scull is not considerable, zinc and alkaline metals were not discovered.In all the samples content of silicon, silicon carbide, carbides, nitrides, titanium carbonitrides in total does not reach level of 5%.
Hubungan Pengetahuan, Dukungan Suami dan Petugas Kesehatan dengan Penggunaan Alat Kontrasespsi Bawah Kulit (AKBK) pada Pasangan Usia Subur di Lingkungan II Kelurahan Nelayan Indah Kecamatan Medan Labuhan
Authors: Tampubolon Ida Lestari , Tarigan Jitasari Sibero 
Published: December 2018

Berdasarkan Survei Demografi dan Kesehatan Indonesia (SDKI) tercatat jumlah peserta KB suntik (27,8%), peserta Pil (13,2%), peserta IUD (6,2%), peserta Impant (4,3%), peserta MOW (3,7%), peserta Kondom (0,9%), peserta Mop (0,4%). Kontrasepsi Alat Kontrasepsi Bawah Kulit (AKBK) merupakan alat kontrasepsi yang dipasang dibawah kulit. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan pasangan usia subur tentang alat kontrasepsi bawah kulit dengan penggunaan alat kontrasepsi bawah kulit (AKBK) di Lingkungan II Kelurahan Nelayan Indah Kecamatan Medan Labuhan tahun 2017. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah survei analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional study. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Lingkungan II Kelurahan Nelayan Indah Kecamatan Medan Labuhan . Sampel diambil dengan random sampling sebanyak 65 responden. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah kuisioner yang terdiri dari 20 pertanyaan dengan multiple choice. Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa Ada hubungan yang signifikan pengetahuan pasangan usia subur dengan penggunaan alat kontrasepsi bawah kulit (AKBK) di Lingkungan II Kelurahan Nelayan Indah Kecamatan Medan Labuhan Tahun 2017. Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan nilai sig p = 0,002 maka p = 0,002 < 0,05. Kesimpulannya ada hubungan yang signifikan antara Pegetahuan Pasangan Usia Subur dengan Penggunaan Alat Kontrasepsi Bawah Kulit. Diharapkan bagi pasangan usia subur yang berpengetahuan kurang untuk bertanya kepada petugas kesehatan dan mencari tahu tentang macam-macam alat kontrasepsi terutama alat kontrasepsi bawah kulit (AKBK) serta efek samping maupun kerugiannya agar dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan tentang alat kontrasepsi.Kata Kunci : Pengetahuan, Pasangan Usia Subur, AKBK
Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Keberhasilan ASI Eksklusif di Puskesmas Janji Kecamatan Bilah Barat
Authors: Liesmayani Elvi Era , Lestari Wanda 
Published: December 2018

Rendahnya pemberian ASI merupakan ancaman bagi tumbuh kembang anak yang akan berpengaruh pada pertumbuhan dan perkembangan kualitas SDM secara umum. Hingga 80% perkembangan otak anak dimulai sejak dalam kandungan sampai usia 3 tahun yang dikenal dengan periode emas, sehingga sangat penting untuk mendapatkan ASI yang mengandung protein, karbohidrat, lemak dan mineral yang dibutuhkan bayi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan Dengan Keberhasilan Asi Eksklusif di Puskesmas Janji Kecamatan Bilah Barat Tahun 2016. Rancangan atau desain penelitian ini dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah ibu yang memiliki bayi 6-12 bulanyang tinggal di wilayahPuskesmas Janji Kecamatan Bilah Barat Tahun 2016 berjumlah 73 orang sekaligus menjadi sampel. Hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa nilai signifikansi p-value sebesar 0.003 yang berarti bahwa terdapat hubungan Pengetahuan dengan Keberhasilan ASI Eksklusif di Puskesmas Janji Kecamatan Bilah Barat, Berdasarkan hasil analisa chi-square test di atas dapat diketahui bahwa nilai signifikansi p-value sebesar 0.002. Karena nilai signifikansi 0.0029< (0.05) yang berarti bahwa terdapat Hubungan Peran Petugas Penyuluhan Kesehatan di Puskesmas Janji Kecamatan Bilah Barat. Kesimpulan adalah ada Hubungan pengetahuan dan Peran Petugas Penyuluhan Kesehatan di Puskesmas Janji Kecamatan Bilah Barat.
Peculiarities of values of acetylcholine concentration and cholinesterase activity in serum of patients with alcoholic chronic pancreatitis and duodenal ulcer
Authors: Trubitsyna I. E. , Gulyaev A. S. , Vinokurova L. V. , Tarasova T. V. , Drozdova G. A. 
Published: December 2018

Introduction. There are a lot of pathogenic factors involved in development of polyetiologic diseases. Acetylcholine (AC) is known as first-order mediator as it plays an important role in development and maintenance of pathological processes. In this article we provide data on AC concentration in blood serum of patients with duodenal ulcer, alcoholic chronic pancreatitis and control group as well as activity of cholinesterase.
The aim of this study was to identify a role played by AC in pathological process during disease, which may complicate a course of the disease as a bad prognostic factor.
Results and discussion. We divided AC concentration into three types in the control group: low — 0.46–1.0 mmol/l (60% of individuals), moderate — 1.02–1.5 mmol/l (30%) , and high — more than 1.5 mmol/l (10%).
Conclusion. We suppose that cholinesterase activity and AC concentration depend on localization of pathological process.
Follow-up of patients with pseudotumoral chronic pancreatitis: outcome and surveillance
Authors: Téllez-Âvila F. I. , Villalobos-Garita Â. , Giovannini M. , Chan C. , Hernandez-Calleros J. , Uscanga L. , Ramirez-Luna M. Â. 
Published: December 2018

Aim: to follow up patients with pseudotumoral chronic pancreatitis (PCP) to assess their outcome and identify an optimal surveillance interval.
Methods: data obtained prospectively were analyzed in a retrospective manner. Patients with clinical evidence of chronic pancreatitis (abdominal pain in the epigastrium, steatorrhea, and diabetes mellitus), endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) criteria > 4, and EUS-fine needle aspiration (FNA) were included. A pseudotumor was defined as a non-neoplastic space-occupying lesion, a cause of chronic pancreatitis that may mimic changes typical of pancreatic cancer on CT or endoscopic ultrasound but without histological evidence. A real tumor was defined as a neoplastic space-occupying lesion because of pancreatic cancer confirmed by histology.
Results: thirty-five patients with chronic pancreatitis were included, 26 (74.2%) of whom were men. Nine (25.7%) patients were diagnosed with PCP and two (2/35; 5.7%) patients with PCP were diagnosed with pancreatic cancer on follow-up. The time between the diagnosis of PCP and pancreatic adenocarcinoma was 35 and 30 days in the two patients. Definitive diagnosis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma was made by surgery. In the remaining six patients with PCP, the median of follow-up was 11 months (range 1–22 months) and they showed no evidence of malignancy on surveillance. In the follow-up of patients without PCP but with chronic pancreatitis, none were diagnosed with pancreatic cancer. According to our data, older patients with chronic pancreatitis are at risk of PCP.
Conclusion: according to characteristics of patient, detection of PCP should lead a surveillance program for pancreatic cancer with EUS-FNA in < 1 month or directly to surgical resection.
Core tip: actually, there are no clear recommendations for follow-up of patients with chronic pancreatitis and solid pancreatic mass lesions. We followed-up patients with chronic pancreatitis and solid pancreatic mass lesions and we assessed the final outcome and identified an optimal surveillance interval. We found that almost one-third of patients with chronic pancreatitis had PCP, and 22.2% had unresectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma less than 2 mo after the initial diagnosis. Endoscopic ultrasound fine needle aspiration can miss malignancy in nearly 25% of patients with PCP.
Endocrine and exocrine pancreatic insufficiency after acute pancreatitis: long-term follow-up study
Authors: Tu J. , Zhang J. , Ke L. , Yang Y. , Yang Q. , Lu G. , Li B. , Tong Z. , Li W. , Li J. 
Published: December 2018

Introduction. Patients could develop endocrine and exocrine pancreatic insufficiency after acute pancreatitis (AP), but the morbidity, risk factors and outcome remain unclear. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the incidence of endocrine and exocrine pancreatic insufficiency after AP and the risk factors of endocrine pancreatic insufficiency through a long-term follow-up investigation.
Methods. Follow-up assessment of the endocrine and exocrine function was conducted for the discharged patients with AP episodes. Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) and faecal elastase-1(FE-1) test were used as primary parameters. Fasting blood-glucose (FBG), fasting insulin (FINS), glycosylated hemoglobin HBA1c, 2-h postprandial blood glucose (2hPG), Homa beta cell function index (HOMA-β), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and FE-1 were collected. Abdominal contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) was performed to investigate the pancreatic morphology and the other related data during hospitalization was also collected.
Results. One hundred thirteen patients were included in this study and 34 of whom (30.1%) developed diabetes mellitus (DM), 33 (29.2%) suffered impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). Moreover, 33 patients (29.2%) developed mild to moderate exocrine pancreatic insufficiency with 100μg/g<FE-1<200μg/g and 7 patients (6.2%) were diagnosed with severe exocrine pancreatic insufficiency with FE-1<100μg/g. The morbidity of DM and IGT in patients with pancreatic necrosis was significant higher than that in the non-pancreatic necrosis group (χ2 = 13.442,P = 0.001). The multiple logistic regression analysis showed that extent of pancreatic necrosis<30% (P = 0.012, OR = 0.061) were the protective factors of endocrine pancreatic insufficiency. HOMA-IR (P = 0.002, OR = 6.626), Wall-off necrosis (WON) (P = 0.013, OR = 184.772) were the risk factors.
Conclusion. The integrated morbidity of DM and IGT after AP was 59.25%, which was higher than exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. 6.2% and 29.2% of patients developed severe and mild to moderate exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, respectively. The extent of pancreatic necrosis>50%, WON and insulin resistance were the independent risk factors of new onset diabetes after AP.
Discriminatory labour market experiences of A8 national high skilled workers in the UK
Authors: Sirkeci Ibrahim , Acik Necla , Saunders Bradley 
Published: December 2018

Overqualification among migrants, defined as being employed in a job that is below their acquired skill levels through education, is well-known. Recent studies show that overqualification is more likely amongst migrants who work in the older EU15 member states. Similar studies carried out in the UK supports the argument that minorities suffer from ethnic and religious penalties in the labour market, especially among high skilled groups. Despite the relatively high employment rates of A8 migrants in the UK, they tend to be overwhelmingly employed in elementary occupations (i.e. requiring low skill levels) and likely to be underpaid. Very few studies have examined the propensity of overqualification of A8 nationals working in the UK. We have adopted the skills mismatch model to examine the skills level mismatch for the A8 migrants. Therefore, a time-series analysis was carried out using the Annual Population Survey for the period of 2005 to 2012 which marks the beginning and end of restrictions for access to the labour market for A8 nationals across the European Union. This has also given us a time span of 8 years during which the UK economy fall into recession from 2007 onwards.. The evidence shows that A8 nationals have been subject to ethnic penalties in the high end of the labour market irrespective of the impact of the financial crisis. It is very common that they take up posts for which they are overqualified, or in other words, overeducated. This is particularly important as discrimination at that level is likely to have negative impact on economic recovery by supressing the full skill and entrepreneurial potential of this particular group in the UK labour market.
Cinematic Search for Identity in the Shade of Turkey’s 1960 Coup: The Social Realism Debate and The Hope
Authors: Hayir Celal , Kole Ayman 
Published: December 2018

When the Turkish army seized power on May 27th, 1960, a new democratic constitution was carried into effect. The positive atmosphere created by the 1961 constitution quickly showed its effects on political balances in the parliament and it became difficult for one single party to come into power, which strengthened the multi-party-system. The freedom initiative created by 1961’s constitution had a direct effect on the rise of public opposition. Filmmakers, who generally steered clear from the discussion of social problems and conflicts until 1960, started to produce movies questioning conflicts in political, social and cultural life for the first time and discussions about the “Social Realism” movement in the ensuing films arose in cinematic circles in Turkey. At the same time, the “regional managers” emerged, and movies in line with demands of this system started to be produced. The Hope (Umut), produced by Yılmaz Güney in 1970, rang in a new era in Turkish cinema, because it differed from other movies previously made in its cinematic language, expression, and use of actors and settings. The aim of this study is to mention the reality discussions in Turkish cinema and outline the political facts which initiated this expression leading up to the film Umut (The Hope, directed by Yılmaz Güney), which has been accepted as the most distinctive social realist movie in Turkey.
Science-based truth as news: Knowledge production and media in Iraqi Kurdistan
Authors: Fischer-Tahir Andrea 
Published: December 2018

This article examines aspects of the entanglement of (social) science, politics and media in Iraqi Kurdistan and investigates their representation in Kurdish newspapers, taking a quantitative study on genocidal persecution published by a Kurdistan government ministry as an example. It demonstrates how one and the same corpus of science-based ideas is appropriated and operationalised according to very different political agendas, and how the media itself conveys certain beliefs on the measurability of social experience and the truth value of science-based knowledge. Drawing on the broad debate in social science and the humanities on knowledge and the capitalist society, this article discusses aspects of the scientification of media and the politicisation of academic knowledge production. Berpêşkirina rastiyên li ser bingehên zanistiyê wekî nûçe: hilberana zanyariyê û medya li Kurdistana IraqêEv gotar astengên li ber zanyariya civakî, siyasî û medyayê li Kurdistana Iraqê û pêşkeşkirina wan di rojnameyên Kurdî da vedikole. Ev lêkolîn xwe dispêre xebateka çendaniyî/quantîtatîv ya nimûneyî li ser çespandina komkujînî ku ji layê Wezareta Hikûmeta Kurdistanê ve hatiye weşandin. Ev xebat nîşan dide bê di medyayê da fikrên zanistî çawan hatine guhertin û bikarînan li gor berjewendiyên siyasî yên ji hev gelek cuda. Ew herwisan destnîşan dike bê medya bi çi rengî baweriyên pûç hildiwerîne li ser pîvandariya serboriyên civakî û li ser rastiya zanyariyên zanistî. Bi bikarînana nîqaşên fereh di qada zanistiya civakî û beşerî da li ser zanyarî û civaka sermayedar, mijara vê gotarê nîqaşkirina wan nêrînan e ku medyayê wekî çavkaniyeka zanyariyên zanistî dihesibînin û wisan pêşkêş dikin. Ev gotar herwisan nîqaş dike li ser zanyariya akademîk ya ku di bin bandora siyasetê da tê hilberandin. حەقیقەتی بە زانستی کراو وەکوو نووچە: زانین بەرهەم هێنان و میدیا لە کوردستانی ئێراق ئەم کاغەزە لە سەر هیندێک لایەنی زانستی (کۆمەڵایەتی)، سیاسەت و میدیا لە کوردستانی ئێراق لێکۆلینەوە دەکات و هەروەها شێوازی بەرجەستەکردنەوە و نواندنەوەی ئەوان لە رۆژنامە کوردییەکان دا دەخاتە بەر تیشکی لێکدانەوە، وەکوو نموونە، لیکۆڵینەوەیەکی چەندییەتی (کوانتیتاتیڤ) لە سەر ستەمەکانی پەیوەندیدار بە ژینۆسیدەوە کە لە لایان وەزارەتخانەیەکی حکوومەتی هەریمی کوردستانەوە بڵاو کراوەتەوە. ئەمە نیشانی داوە، چۆناوچۆن هەر هەمان کۆبیرۆکەی لە سەر زانست دارژتراو، بە ئاجێندایەکی سیاسی تەواو جیاواز وەرگیراوە و بە کارهێنراوە و هەروەها دەبیندرێت کە چۆناوچۆن خودی میدیا دەبیتە سەرچاوەی چەشنە باوەرییەک لە سەر بە پێوانکردنی ئەزموونی کۆمەڵایەتی و نرخی حەقیقەتی زانینی بە زانستی کراو. بە رێگای راوەستەکردن لە سەر گەنگەشەکانی نێو زانستی کۆمەڵایەتی و جیهانی زانین و کۆمەڵگای سەرمایەداری، ئەم نووسراوەیە، لایەنی بە زانستی کردنی میدیا و بە سیاسی کردنی زانستی ئاکادیمیک دەخاتە بەر باس و لێکۆلینەوە.وشە سەرەکییەکان: هەریمی کوردستان، میدیا، شالاوی ئەنفال، بەرهەمهێنانی زانین، ئانترۆپۆلۆژی میدیا
Book Reviews
Authors: Studies Kurdish 
Published: December 2018

Minoo Alinia, Honor and Violence against Women in Iraqi Kurdistan. Palgrave Macmillan, 2013, 190 pp., (ISBN: 978-1-137-36700-6).Fevzi Bilgin and Ali Sarıhan (eds.), Understanding Turkey’s Kurdish Question, Lanham, Maryland: Lexington Books, 2013, 250 pp., (ISBN: 978-0-7391-8402-8).Michael M. Gunter, Out of Nowhere: The Kurds of Syria in Peace and War, Hurst Publishers, London, 2014, 169 pp., (ISBN: 978-1-84904-435-6).Mohammed Shareef, The United States, Iraq and the Kurds: Shock, Awe and Aftermath, New York and Oxon: Routledge, 2014, 234 pp., (ISBN-13: 978-0415719902).Latif Tas, Legal Pluralism in Action: Dispute Resolution and the Kurdish Peace Committee, Farnham: Ashgate, 2014, 208 pp., (ISBN-13: 978-1472422088).Galia Goran and Walid Salem (eds.), Non-State Actors in the Middle East: Factors for Peace and Democracy, Oxon: Routledge, 2013, 230 pp., (ISBN-13: 978-0415517058).Mehmed S. Kaya, The Zaza Kurds of Turkey: A Middle Eastern Minority in a Globalised Society. London: I.B. Tauris, 2011, xii, 223 pp., (ISBN 978-1-84511-875-4). Shanna Kirschner, Trust and Fear in Civil Wars: Ending Intrastate Conflicts, Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield, 2015, 189 pp., (ISBN: 978-0-7391-9641-0).