bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Human biogeography and faunal exploitation in Diamante River basin, central western Argentina
Authors: Otaola Clara , Giardina Miguel A. , Franchetti Fernando R. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractA biogeographic model used to describe human peopling of southern Mendoza, central western Argentina, proposed an intensification process activated by an increase in population growth rate during the Late Holocene. During this process, high‐ranked resources at the surroundings of residential camps were depleted, and hunter–gatherers broadened their diet by incorporating a larger number of low‐ranked prey and domesticated plant resources. In this paper, we evaluate an alternative hypothesis, focusing on zooarchaeological data from the Diamante River basin. The results show that faunal resource intensification does not appear to have occurred in the Diamante River basin during the Late Holocene. Faunal consumption in Diamante River basin mainly reflects the local fauna in each ecological zone. The data do not show a lack of higher ranked resources. We suggest it is more likely that the demographic increase was not significant enough to cause an impact on the faunal resources. The archaeological evidence should be improved and analysed in smaller scales to continue with the intensification debate.
Robust H∞ guaranteed cost control for discrete‐time switched singular systems with time‐varying delay
Authors: Regaieg Mohamed Amin , Kchaou Mourad , El Hajjaji Ahmed , Chaabane Mohamed 
Published: October 2018

SummaryThis paper investigates the problem of control design for a class of uncertain switched singular systems with time‐varying delay. Under mode‐dependent average dwell time and using an appropriate Lyapunov‐Krasovskii functional, the exponential admissibility of the system is analyzed. In order to obtain less conservative conditions, the delay partitioning technique is adopted as well as the improved reciprocally convex approach. By means of the developed admissibility condition, a static output feedback controller is then designed using linear matrix inequality approach. Moreover, by solving an optimization convex problem with constraints, the switched controller is developed to ensure simultaneously the stability of the closed‐loop system and satisfy an optimized upper bound of both the linear quadratic guaranteed cost and the H∞ norm. Numerical examples are proposed to verify the efficiency and the merits of the method proposed.
Scale development: Chinese Irrational Beliefs and Rational Attitude Scale
Authors: Chan Ho Wai Queenie , Sun Chui Fun Rachel 
Published: October 2018

AbstractUniversity study has been considered to be one of the most stressful periods in a person's life. University students may have irrational beliefs that could play a significant role in causing emotional disturbance. Nevertheless, a suitable instrument for measuring irrational beliefs in college students in Chinese society has been lacking. The aim of this study was to construct a culturally relevant scale for measuring irrational beliefs among university students in the Hong Kong Chinese context. The construction of the Chinese Irrational Beliefs and Rational Attitude Scale (CIBRAS) for university students was based on (1) literature review and expert panel review for evaluation on content validity, (2) a pilot test of 200 local Hong Kong university students to determine the scale's psychometric properties and probe the exploratory factor analysis, and (3) confirmatory factor analysis to test for construct validity of the CIBRAS (conducted with a further 655 local Hong Kong university students). The results showed that the five‐factor 19‐item CIBRAS has good psychometric properties, including good internal consistency (Cronbach's alphas ranging from .64 to .80), content validity (content validity index = .96 for relevance, .94 for clarity, and .94 for representativeness), construct validity (explaining 60.1% of the total variance), and adequate fit indices (normed chi‐square = 2.8, comparative fit index = .94, normal fit index = .93, non‐normed fit index = .93, incremental fit index = .94, root‐mean‐square error of approximation = .077, and standardized root‐mean residual = .074). The limitations and implications of the study were discussed.
Supramolecular complexes based on liquid‐crystalline polysiloxanes and copper phthalocyanine
Authors: Kong Shengwen , Song Ying , Bai Lu , Tang Xinqiao , Meng Fanbao 
Published: October 2018

AbstractSelf‐assembly of mesogens in one polymer system reflects the capability for integrating intermolecular interactions and functions of materials. A series of novel supramolecular complexes (SCPs) containing cholesterol derivatives, siloxane backbone and copper phthalocyanine were synthesized. The SCPs were made from sulfonic acid‐containing precursor polymers (SAPs) synthesized by the use of 4‐(allyloxy)benzenesulfonic acid, cholest‐5‐en‐3‐ol‐(3β)‐4‐(allyloxy)benzoate and polymethylhydrosiloxane. Differential scanning calorimetry, polarizing optical microscopy and X‐ray diffraction results confirmed the mesomorphic properties. The SAPs showed smectic phase, but the SCPs showed columnar phase due to more lateral copper phthalocyanine groups in the polymer systems. Moreover, because of rigid side groups and cholesteric polymer, SCPs showed greater d‐spacings between the side mesogenic groups and exhibited very good electrical conductivity. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Stretch‐Induced Melting and Recrystallization of Polyethylene‐Plasticizer Film Studied by In Situ X‐Ray Scattering: A Thermodynamic Point of View
Authors: Chen Xiaowei , Zhang Wenwen , Ye Ke , Meng Lingpu , Lv Fei , Cao Tian , Wan Caixia , Chen Xin , Li Liangbin 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTWith in situ synchrotron radiation X‐ray scattering, the structural alteration of polyethylene‐plasticizer film during uniaxial stretching is studied at temperature far below melting point of crystal. By analyzing the evolution rule of structural parameters quantitatively, stretch‐induced melting and recrystallization process is validated to be the underlying mechanism of plastic deformation for the system. The physical essence of stretch‐induced melting is proved to be phase transition driven by elastic energy which originates from lattice deformation. Conversely, the recrystallization process is proved to be controlled by temperature; furthermore, the growth of lamellae during recrystallization is in perfect accordance with kinetic theory by Lauritzen and Hoffman. This study provides a quantitative understanding to the long‐existing melting–recrystallization model from a thermodynamics point of view. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2018, 56, 1521–1528
A folic acid‐enriched diet attenuates prostate involution in response to androgen deprivation
Authors: Joseph Diya B. , Chandrashekar Anoop S. , Chu Li‐Fang , Thomson James A. , Vezina Chad M. 
Published: October 2018

BackgroundSerum folate concentrations in the United States have risen since dietary folic acid fortification was first mandated in 1998. Although maternal folic acid offers protection against neural tube defects in conceptuses, its impact on other organ systems and life stages have not been fully examined. Here, we used a mouse model to investigate the impact of a Folic acid (FA) enriched diet on prostate homeostasis and response to androgen deprivation.MethodsMale mice were fed a control diet (4 mg FA/kg feed) or a folic acid supplemented diet (24 mg FA/kg feed) beginning at conception and continuing through early adulthood, when mice were castrated.ResultsWe made the surprising observation that dietary FA supplementation confers partial resistance to castration‐mediated prostate involution. At 3, 10, and 14 days post‐castration, FA enriched diet fed mice had larger prostates as assessed by wet weight, taller prostatic luminal epithelial cells, and more abundant RNAs encoding prostate secretory proteins than castrated control diet fed mice. Diet did not significantly affect prostate weights of intact mice or serum testosterone concentrations of castrated mice. RNA‐Seq analysis revealed that the FA enriched diet was associated with a unique prostate gene expression signature, affecting several signaling and metabolic pathways.ConclusionsContinuous exposure to a FA enriched diet slows prostate involution in response to androgen deprivation. Prostates from FA diet mice have increased secretory gene expression and increased luminal cell heights. The influence of dietary FA supplementation on the prostate response to androgen deprivation raises a future need to consider how dietary folic acid supplementation affects efficacy of androgen‐reducing therapies for treating prostate disease.
Colonoscopic findings in patients aged 50 years and older: a critical analysis of 1614 exams
Authors: Leal Rafaela Mendonça , Mendes Carlos Ramon Silveira , Moreira Lana Ferreira , Amorim Taisa Maria Brito , Andrade Adriana Conceição de Mello , Goncalves Elisangela Suzarth , Mendes Carlos Ramon Silveira 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Introduction Colonoscopy has shown to be useful in the diagnosis of various pathologies. By allowing the direct visualization of the mucosa, colonoscopy allows the adoption of therapeutic methods, such as the removal of polyps, dilation of stenoses, and biopsies. This method can also be applied in the detection of colorectal cancer, which currently represents an important cause of mortality in the world. Individuals considered to be at medium risk for the development of colorectal cancer should start screening at 50 years of age in order to detect early disease.
Objective To describe the main results of the exams for patients at least 50 years old who underwent colonoscopy.
Method Descriptive, case-series study of 1614 colonoscopies performed from 2014 to 2017 at a referral hospital in Salvador, Bahia.
Results The main indications for the study were intestinal bleeding (26.5%), neoplasia screening (20.7%), and abdominal pain (10.2%). The main results were diverticular disease (38.9%), polyps (38.8%), and normal examination (23.2%). Patients with indications for neoplasia screening had the presence of polyps (41.3%) as their main diagnosis. For patients with normal examination, 28.8% presented intestinal bleeding as an indication. There were 70 (4.3%) patients with a colonoscopic diagnosis of neoplasia.
Conclusion The present study, which demonstrated a majority of exams with considerable alterations, shows the usefulness of the examination, besides other advantages, as a form of diagnosis of colorectal cancer.
Almost limiting configurations of steady interfacial overhanging gravity waves
Authors: Maklakov Dmitri V. , Sharipov Ruslan R. 
Published: October 2018

We study progressive gravity waves at the interface between two unbounded fluids of different densities. The main concern is to find almost limiting configurations for the so-called overhanging waves. The latter were first computed by Meiron & Saffman (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 129, 1983, pp. 213–218). By means of the Hopf lemma, we rigorously prove that, if $\unicode[STIX]{x1D703}$ is the angle between the tangent line to the interfacial curve and the horizontal direction, then $-\unicode[STIX]{x03C0}<\unicode[STIX]{x1D703}<\unicode[STIX]{x03C0}$. This inequality allows us to put forward a criterion of proximity of the interface to the limiting configuration, namely, the angle $|\unicode[STIX]{x1D703}|_{max}$ must be close to $\unicode[STIX]{x03C0}$ but may not exceed $\unicode[STIX]{x03C0}$. We develop a new numerical method of computing interfacial waves based on the representation of a piecewise-analytic function to be found in such a manner that only the shape of the interface is unknown. All other hydrodynamic quantities can be expressed analytically in terms of functions describing this shape. Using this method, we compute almost limiting configurations of interfacial waves with $|\unicode[STIX]{x1D703}|_{max}>179.98^{\circ }$. Analysing the results of computations, we introduce two new concepts: an inner crest, and an inner solution near the inner crest. These concepts allow us to make a well-grounded prediction for the shapes of limiting interfacial configurations and confirm Saffman & Yuen’s (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 123, 1982, pp. 459–476) conjecture that the waves are geometrically limited.
Peritonsillar infiltration of lidocaine with adrenaline is associated with increased risk of secondary post-tonsillectomy haemorrhage
Authors: Tolska H K , Takala A J , Jero J 
Published: October 2018

AbstractObjectivesIn order to evaluate the safety of tonsillectomy among children, we retrospectively studied the incidence of post-operative complications, adverse events and their association with peri-operative medication.MethodsData were collected from the medical records of 691 patients aged 1–16 years, including details of post-operative complications (any unplanned contact with the hospital), analgesics, dexamethasone, 5-HT3 antagonists, local anaesthetic and haemostatic agents.ResultsRecovery was complicated in 13.6 per cent of patients, of whom 8.4 per cent were re-admitted to the ward. The most common complication was post-tonsillectomy haemorrhage, experienced by 7.1 per cent of patients. Re-operation under general anaesthesia (for grade III post-tonsillectomy haemorrhage) was required by 4.2 per cent of patients. Peritonsillar infiltration of lidocaine with adrenaline increased the risk of post-tonsillectomy haemorrhage (odds ratio = 4.1; 95 per cent confidence interval = 2.1 to 8.3).ConclusionEvery seventh paediatric patient experienced a complicated recovery after tonsillectomy, caused by post-tonsillectomy haemorrhage in most cases. Local peritonsillar infiltration of lidocaine with adrenaline was associated with an increased risk of post-tonsillectomy haemorrhage.
COST-EFFECTIVENESS OF INTERVENTIONS BASED ON PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN THE TREATMENT OF CHRONIC CONDITIONS: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Guillon Marlène , Rochaix Lise , Dupont Jean-Claude K. 
Published: October 2018

Objectives:The aim of this study is to review evidence on the cost-effectiveness of exercise-based interventions in the treatment of chronic conditions a decade after the publication of Roine et al. in 2009 (Roine E, Roine RP, Räsänen P, et al. Int J Technol Assess Health Care. 2009;25:427–454).Methods:We carried out a review of published articles in PUBMED and JSTOR between January 1, 2008, and December 31, 2016. Full economic evaluations of exercise programs targeting patients with a chronic condition were eligible for inclusion. Data on program, design, and economic characteristics were extracted using a predefined extraction form. The quality of the economic evaluations was appraised using the adjusted Consensus Health Economic Criteria List.Results:A total of 426 articles were identified and thirty-seven studies were selected. Eleven studies dealt with musculoskeletal and rheumatologic disorders, ten with cardiovascular diseases, six with neurological disorders, three with mental illnesses, three with cancers, and four with diabetes, respiratory diseases, or pelvic organ prolapse. In total, 60 percent of exercise programs were dominant or cost-effective. For musculoskeletal and rheumatologic disorders, 72 percent of programs were dominant or cost-effective while this was the case for 57 percent of programs for cardiovascular diseases using a nonsurgical comparator.Conclusions:There is clear evidence in favor of exercise-based programs for the treatment of musculoskeletal and rheumatologic disorders and, to a lesser extent, for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. More research is needed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of physical activity in the treatment of neurological disorders, mental illnesses, cancers, respiratory diseases, and diabetes/obesity.
Who Is (Still) Looking After Mom and Dad? Few Improvements in Care Aides’ Quality-of-Work Life
Authors: Chamberlain Stephanie A. , Hoben Matthias , Squires Janet E. , Cummings Greta G. , Norton Peter , Estabrooks Carole A. 
Published: October 2018

RÉSUMÉLes aides-soignants non réglementés fournissent la majorité des soins directs dans les résidences pour personnes âgées. Nos travaux précédents ont rapporté un premier profil démographique des aides-soignants de l’ouest du Canada par le programme de recherche Translating Research in Elder Care (TREC; 2007-2022) visant les services de santé appliqués. Dans cette étude, nous présentons les caractéristiques démographiques, liées à la santé et à la vie professionnelle d’aides-soignants provenant de 91 résidences pour personnes âgées de l’ouest du Canada. Les données démographiques et liées au travail ont significativement varié selon les régions et les modèles de propriété ou d’opération. Notre cohorte longitudinale de l’Alberta et de Winnipeg présentait davantage d’épuisement émotionnel (attribut négatif), d’efficacité professionnelle (attribut positif) et d’expérience avec les comportements réactifs liés à la démence chez les résidents. En général, les résultats indiquent peu d’amélioration ou de détérioration de la santé des aides-soignants et de la qualité de la vie professionnelle. Étant donné que les initiatives provinciales et nationales pour la planification et la formation de la main-d’œuvre dans ce domaine sont limitées, ceci indique que le système des soins de longue durée n’est pas préparé pour soigner efficacement la population canadienne vieillissante.
Assessment of the knowledge of Brazilian Community Health Workers regarding prenatal care
Authors: Bonifácio Lívia P. , Marques João M. A. , Vieira Elisabeth M. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAimTo evaluate prenatal care knowledge of Brazilian community health workers (CHWs).BackgroundRoutine prenatal care is critical for reducing health risks in women and their children. One of the responsibilities of primary healthcare providers is the provision of prenatal care. The CHWs, with their frequent contact with populations, work to improve health outreach efforts and therefore may be key role players in prenatal care.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study. A questionnaire was developed to ascertain the degree of knowledge regarding prenatal care of CHWs, including: (1) general responsibilities of CHWs; (2) the initial contact with a pregnant woman; (3) examinations and vaccinations recommended for pregnant women; (4) pregnancy complications and signs of labor; and (5) lifestyle considerations for pregnant women. Responses were categorized into levels for knowledge. Demographic data were also collected. Descriptive analyses were conducted. Proportions of subjects with different levels of knowledge were compared according to each demographic variable, separately for each block of knowledge, using the χ2 and Fisher’s exact tests.FindingsIn total, 194 CHWs were interviewed. Overall, the majority of the CHWs presented high levels of knowledge in blocks 1 (43%), 2 (59%) and 5 (83%). However, in block 3 the proportions of subjects with high levels of knowledge regarding examinations and vaccinations were 35 and 40%, respectively. Only 24% of the participants presented a high level of knowledge in block 4. Stratified data analyses suggest that females were statistically more likely to have high levels of knowledge, whereas no statistically significant differences were found for the other demographic variables. Health services are already routinely using the questionnaire.ConclusionThe results suggest that CHWs, especially female CHWs, have an important role in assisting pregnant women in the community. The study indicates the areas of knowledge that require more specific attention from training providers.
Loss of TNFAIP3 enhances MYD88L265P-driven signaling in non-Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Wenzl Kerstin , Manske Michelle K. , Sarangi Vivekananda , Asmann Yan W. , Greipp Patricia T. , Schoon Hanna R. , Braggio Esteban , Maurer Matthew J. , Feldman Andrew L. , Witzig Thomas E. , Slager Susan L. , Ansell Stephen M. , Cerhan James R. , Novak Anne J. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractMYD88 mutations are one of the most recurrent mutations in hematologic malignancies. However, recent mouse models suggest that MYD88L265P alone may not be sufficient to induce tumor formation. Interplay between MYD88L265P and other genetic events is further supported by the fact that TNFAIP3 (A20) inactivation often accompanies MYD88L265P. However, we are still lacking information about the consequence of MYD88L265P in combination with TNFAIP3 loss in human B cell lymphoma. Review of our genetic data on diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia (WM), found that a large percentage of DLBCL and WM cases that have a MYD88 mutation also harbor a TNFAIP3 loss, 55% DLBCL and 28% of WM, respectively. To mimic this combination of genetic events, we used genomic editing technology to knock out TNFAIP3 in MYD88L265P non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) cell lines. Loss of A20 expression resulted in increased NF-κB and p38 activity leading to upregulation of the NF-κB target genes BCL2 and MYC. Furthermore, we detected the increased production of IL-6 and CXCL10 which led to an upregulation of the JAK/STAT pathway. Overall, these results suggest that MYD88L265P signaling can be enhanced by a second genetic alteration in TNFAIP3 and highlights a potential opportunity for therapeutic targeting.
Differences in genomic abnormalities among African individuals with monoclonal gammopathies using calculated ancestry
Authors: Baughn Linda B. , Pearce Kathryn , Larson Dirk , Polley Mei-Yin , Elhaik Eran , Baird Michael , Colby Colin , Benson Joanne , Li Zhuo , Asmann Yan , Therneau Terry , Cerhan James R. , Vachon Celine M. , Stewart A. Keith , Bergsagel P. Leif , Dispenzieri Angela , Kumar Shaji , Rajkumar S. Vincent 
Published: October 2018

AbstractMultiple myeloma (MM) is two- to three-fold more common in African Americans (AAs) compared to European Americans (EAs). This striking disparity, one of the highest of any cancer, may be due to underlying genetic predisposition between these groups. There are multiple unique cytogenetic subtypes of MM, and it is likely that the disparity is associated with only certain subtypes. Previous efforts to understand this disparity have relied on self-reported race rather than genetic ancestry, which may result in bias. To mitigate these difficulties, we studied 881 patients with monoclonal gammopathies who had undergone uniform testing to identify primary cytogenetic abnormalities. DNA from bone marrow samples was genotyped on the Precision Medicine Research Array and biogeographical ancestry was quantitatively assessed using the Geographic Population Structure Origins tool. The probability of having one of three specific subtypes, namely t(11;14), t(14;16), or t(14;20) was significantly higher in the 120 individuals with highest African ancestry (≥80%) compared with the 235 individuals with lowest African ancestry (<0.1%) (51% vs. 33%, respectively, p value = 0.008). Using quantitatively measured African ancestry, we demonstrate a major proportion of the racial disparity in MM is driven by disparity in the occurrence of the t(11;14), t(14;16), and t(14;20) types of MM.