bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Systematic Review of Disposable Sheath Use During Flexible Endoscopy
Authors: Ofstead Cori L. , Hopkins Krystina M. , Quick Mariah R. , Brooks Karen B. , Eiland John E. , Wetzler Harry P. 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTFlexible endoscopes are exposed to blood, mucus, and other secretions during procedures. Single‐use sheaths are designed to prevent contact between contaminants and reusable endoscope components. This systematic review examined findings from 22 studies that assessed endoscopic sheath use during urologic, gastrointestinal, or respiratory procedures. The evidence showed that sheaths were durable and yielded faster endoscope turnover times because their reusable components did not require high‐level disinfection or sterilization. After a brief learning period, health care providers successfully assembled and maneuvered sheathed endoscopes. Patients generally did not experience greater discomfort during procedures in which sheaths were used. Microbial cultures of sheathed endoscopes were negative or similar to unsheathed endoscopes. More research is needed to evaluate the potential effect of disposable sheaths on infection risks. The evidence suggests that sheaths are a viable option for reliably providing a barrier between endoscopes and patients without affecting the quality of endoscopic procedures.
Experience and Reason: A US Clinician's Perspective of An Approach to Meeting the Diagnostic and Therapeutic Needs of Children Suspected of Being Sexually Abused
Authors: Finkel Martin A. 
Published: May 2019

This paper reflects an approach to the medical evaluation of children alleged to have been sexually abused to meet their diagnostic and therapeutic needs. The approach emphasises the importance of the role of the doctor in conducting thorough medical histories to understand a child's suspected experience and integrating that information into the formulation of a balanced and objective opinion.‘Emphasises the importance of the role of the doctor in conducting thorough medical histories to understand a child's suspected experience’Key Practitioner Messages

Understand the clinical presentation of child sexual victimisation.
Appreciate the important role of the doctor in meeting the diagnostic, therapeutic and protection needs of child sexual abuse (CSA) victims.
Appreciate the importance of the collective insights of numerous professionals when responding to allegations of CSA.
Develop comfort in providing anticipatory guidance regarding personal space and safety as a part of routine medical care.
Resonance Assignments of Lowly Populated and Unstable Enzyme Intermediate Complex under Real‐Time Conditions
Authors: Chen Jia‐Liang , Wang Xiao , Xiao Yu‐Hao , Su Xun‐Cheng 
Published: May 2019

AbstractUnstable and low‐abundance protein complexes represent a large family of transient protein complexes that are difficult to characterize, even by means of high‐resolution NMR spectroscopy. A method to assign the NMR signals of these unstable complexes through a combination of selective isotope labeling of amino acids in a protein and site‐specific labeling the protein with a paramagnetic tag is presented herein. By using this method, the resonances of unstable thioester intermediate complex (lifetime <5 h and highest concentration ≈20 μm) generated by Staphylococcus aureus sortase A and its peptide substrate under a real‐time reaction have been assigned.
An optical and non‐invasive method to detect the accumulation of ubiquitin chains
Authors: Imai Jun , Koganezawa Yuuta , Tuzuki Haruka , Ishikawa Ikumi , Sakai Takahiro 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe accumulations of excess amounts of polyubiquitinated proteins are cytotoxic and frequently observed in pathologic tissue from patients of neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, optical and non‐invasive methods to detect the increase of the amounts of polyubiquitinated proteins in living cells is a promising strategy to find out symptoms and environmental cause of neurodegenerative diseases, also for identifying compounds that could inhibit gathering of polyubiquitinated proteins. Therefore, we generated a pair of fluorescent protein [Azamigreen (Azg) and Kusabiraorange (Kuo)] tagged ubiquitin on its N‐terminus (Azg‐Ub and Kuo‐Ub) and developed an Azg/Kuo‐based Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) assay to estimate the amount of polyubiquitin chains in vitro and in vivo. The FRET intensity was attenuated in the presence of ubiquitin‐activating enzyme inhibitor, PYR‐41, indicating that both fluorescent ubiquitin is incorporated into ubiquitin chains likewise normal ubiquitin. The FRET intensity was enhanced by the addition of the proteasome inhibitor, MG‐132, and was reduced in the presence of the autophagy activator Rapamycin, designating that ubiquitin chains with fluorescent ubiquitin act as the degradation signal equally with normal ubiquitin chains. In summary, the above optical methods provide powerful research tools to estimate the amounts of polyubiquitin chains in vitro and in vivo, especially non‐invasively in living cells.
Purulent bacterial pericarditis from Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Kaye Adam , Peters Gregory A. , Joseph Joshua W. , Wong Matthew L. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractPurulent pericarditis is a rare condition in the modern antibiotic era. The diagnosis should be suspected in patients with pericardial effusions and radiographic and laboratory investigations consistent with infection. Pericardial fluid culture is the gold standard. Early source control, in addition to antibiotics, is a cornerstone of treatment.
Colour‐naming behavior among bilingual Malayalam‐English speakers: Evidence from English narrative discourse
Authors: Nambiar Rinu 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThrough an unconstrained colour‐naming task, researchers have found that bilinguals possess greater colour vocabulary knowledge than monolinguals. In the current study, we explore the colour‐naming behavior of bilinguals in spontaneous speech scenarios. The native language of these bilinguals holds complex colour labels for most of the colours, for which the second language holds only basic colour terms. For this purpose, a story narration task was developed where eight stories were designed with elementary and mixed colour conditions. Two groups of participants took part in the study: (a) 44 monolingual speakers and (b) 32 Malayalam‐English bilinguals. Qualitative and quantitative analyses revealed that there were clear colour label differences between the basic colour terms in English and Malayalam and those labeled by bilingual speakers. Bilingual speakers use translation equivalents of Malayalam colour terms for English colours.
Attractors for Two‐Dimensional Waves with Homogeneous Hamiltonians of Degree 0
Authors: de Verdière Yves Colin , Saint‐Raymond Laure 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIn domains with topography, inertial and internal waves exhibit interesting features. In particular, numerical and lab experiments show that, in two dimensions, for generic forcing frequencies, these waves concentrate on attractors. The goal of this paper is to analyze mathematically this behavior, using tools from spectral theory and microlocal analysis.© 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Initiation of sacubitril/valsartan in haemodynamically stabilised heart failure patients in hospital or early after discharge: primary results of the randomised TRANSITION study
Authors: Wachter Rolf , Senni Michele , Belohlavek Jan , Straburzynska‐Migaj Ewa , Witte Klaus K. , Kobalava Zhanna , Fonseca Candida , Goncalvesova Eva , Cavusoglu Yuksel , Fernandez Alberto , Chaaban Said , Bøhmer Ellen , Pouleur Anne‐Catherine , Mueller Christian , Tribouilloy Christophe , Lonn Eva , A.L. Buraiki Jehad , Gniot Jacek , Mozheiko Maria , Lelonek Malgorzata , Noè Adele , Schwende Heike , Bao Weibin , Butylin Dmytro , Pascual‐Figal Domingo ,   on behalf of the TRANSITION Investigators
Published: May 2019

AimsTo assess tolerability and optimal time point for initiation of sacubitril/valsartan in patients stabilised after acute heart failure (AHF).Methods and resultsTRANSITION was a randomised, multicentre, open‐label study comparing two treatment initiation modalities of sacubitril/valsartan. Patients aged ≥ 18 years, hospitalised for AHF were stratified according to pre‐admission use of renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system inhibitors and randomised (n = 1002) after stabilisation to initiate sacubitril/valsartan either ≥ 12‐h pre‐discharge or between Days 1–14 post‐discharge. Starting dose (as per label) was 24/26 mg or 49/51 mg bid with up‐ or down‐titration based on tolerability. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients attaining 97/103 mg bid target dose after 10 weeks. Median time of first dose of sacubitril/valsartan fromthe day of discharge was Day –1 and Day +1 in the pre‐discharge group and the post‐discharge group, respectively. Comparable proportions of patients in the pre‐ and post‐discharge initiation groups met the primary endpoint [45.4% vs. 50.7%; risk ratio (RR) 0.90; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.79–1.02]. The proportion of patients who achieved and maintained for ≥ 2 weeks leading to Week 10, either 49/51 or 97/103 mg bid was 62.1% vs. 68.5% (RR 0.91; 95% CI 0.83–0.99); or any dose was 86.0% vs. 89.6% (RR 0.96; 95% CI 0.92–1.01). Discontinuation due to adverse events occurred in 7.3% vs. 4.9% of patients (RR 1.49; 95% CI 0.90–2.46).ConclusionsInitiation of sacubitril/valsartan in a wide range of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction patients stabilised after an AHF event, either in hospital or shortly after discharge, is feasible with about half of the patients achieving target dose within 10 weeks.Clinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT02661217
A mesh‐free radial basis function–based semi‐Lagrangian lattice Boltzmann method for incompressible flows
Authors: Lin Xingjian , Wu Jie , Zhang Tongwei 
Published: May 2019

SummaryIn this paper, a local radial basis function–based semi‐Lagrangian lattice Boltzmann method (RBF‐SL‐LBM) is proposed. This is a mesh‐free method that can be used for the simulation of incompressible flows. In this method, the collision step is performed locally, which is the same as in the standard LBM. In the meanwhile, the steaming step is solved in a semi‐Lagrangian framework. The distribution functions at the departure points, which may be not the grid points in general, are computed by the local radial basis function interpolation. Several numerical tests are conducted to validate the present method, including the lid‐driven cavity flow, the steady and unsteady flow past a circular cylinder, and the flow past an NACA0012 airfoil. The present results are in good agreement with those published in the previous literature, which demonstrates the capability of RBF‐SL‐LBM for the simulation of incompressible flows.
Information presentation and consumer choice: Evidence from Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) Success Rate Reports
Authors: Wu Bingxiao 
Published: May 2019

AbstractHow does the presentation of multidimensional quality information in public reporting affect consumer responsiveness? This paper addresses this question exploiting an exogenous change of reporting format in the Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) reports by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Compared with the first version of the ART report, the second version highlights the “singleton‐birth rate” measure, which is complementary to the “multiple‐birth rate” measure reported in the first version. We find that consumers are more likely to choose clinics with a lower multiple‐birth rate after the format change, indicating more sensitivity to the highlighted measure. This finding implies that information presentation plays an important role in affecting the effectiveness of public reporting.
Attachment and social support mediate associations between Polyvictimization and psychological distress in early adolescence
Authors: Zerach Gadi , Elklit Ask 
Published: May 2019

The current study assesses associations between multiple experience of traumatic events (polyvictimization), PTSD symptoms (PTSS) and psychiatric symptoms in early adolescence, and explores the mediating roles of attachment orientations and perceived social support in the associations between polyvictimization, PTSS and psychiatric symptoms. In 2001, a representative national sample of 390 Danish eighth‐graders (M = 13.95, SD = .37) completed validated self‐report questionnaires. Polyvictimization was related to higher PTSS and psychiatric symptoms. Importantly, polyvictimization was significantly linked to high attachment anxiety, which was linked with low perceived social support, which in turn was linked with high PTSS levels and psychiatric symptoms. Polyvictimization might have dire consequences in early adolescence. An individual's high attachment anxiety might be connected with lack of perceived social support, which should be seen as a possible psychological distress mechanism subsequent to exposure to a number of potentially traumatic events.
Self‐regulation foci and mood affect healthy and unhealthy eating behaviours differently in successful weight‐loss treatment participants
Authors: Annesi James J. 
Published: May 2019

An increased understanding of how self‐regulation and mood affects both healthy and unhealthy eating behaviours is required to improve weight‐loss intervention architectures. Women with obesity (N = 54, MBMI = 34.80 kg/m2), who obtained ≥5% weight loss over 12 months (M = −9.01 kg) within a community‐based behavioural weight‐loss treatment, were assessed. Improvements in exercise‐ and eating‐focused self‐regulation (over 3 and 6 months), and the consumption of fruits/vegetables and sweets (over 6 and 12 months), were each significant. Multiple regression analyses indicated that changes in (a) aggregated (exercise‐focused + eating‐focused) self‐regulation, (b) eating‐focused self‐regulation alone and (c) eating self‐regulation that carried over from exercise‐focused self‐regulation, each significantly predicted fruit/vegetable consumption changes (R2 = .15–.28). Entry of overall mood did not significantly increase those models' predictive strength. Conversely, mood was the most salient predictor of change in sweets intake. There were significant inverse relationships between changes in fruits/vegetables and sweets consumption. Implications for self‐regulation theory and treatment improvements were suggested.
Groove‐patterned surfaces induce morphological changes in cells of neuronal origin
Authors: Litowczenko Jagoda , Maciejewska Barbara M. , Wychowaniec Jacek K. , Kościński Mikołaj , Jurga Stefan , Warowicka Alicja 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIt is already known that cells respond strongly to topography and chemistry of 2D surfaces. In this work we study cell–material interactions; in particular, we investigated the attachment and alignment of SH‐SY5Y cells of neuronal origin on grooved‐patterns made from Silicon (Si) and Gold (Au). The Au–Si groove‐pattern stimulated 93% of SH‐SY5Y cells to differentiate into neuroblast‐like type (N‐type) in 2 days and outgrown neurites exhibited strong anisotropy along the grooves with 90% of cells having one or two neurites. In comparison, random distribution of morphology type, neurite number, and alignment were observed on control flat surfaces (Si and Au). We further show that designed Au–Si groove‐patterns can be used to form reversed groove patterns on polycarolactone surface via soft lithography approach. Sixty‐nine percentage of SH‐SY5Y cells aligned along the obtained reversed groove patterns of the same dimensional characteristics to Si–Au grooves. In particular, this work demonstrated that the Au–Si grooves pattern stimulates neurite polarity, elongation, and morphological differentiation of neuroblastoma cells without any exogenous supply of growth factors or stimulants in just 2 days, which can lead to selective procedure of obtaining homologous population of neuron‐like cells for future nerve regeneration therapies.
Despite Genetic Iron Overload, Hfe‐Hemochromatosis Mice Do Not Show Bone Loss
Authors: Wagner Alessa , Alan Betül , Yilmaz Dilay , Ahmad Mubashir , Liu Peng , Tangudu Naveen Kumar , Tuckermann Jan P , Vujic Spasic Maja 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTOne of the most prevalent genetic iron overload disorders in Caucasians is caused by mutations in the HFE gene. Both HFE patients and Hfe‐mouse models develop a progressive accumulation of iron in the parenchymal cells of various tissues, eventually resulting in liver cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, cardiomyopathies, hypogonadism, and other pathologies. Clinical data and preclinical models have brought considerable attention to the correlation between iron overload and the development of osteoporosis in HFE/Hfe hemochromatosis. Our study critically challenges this concept. We show that systemic iron overload, at the degree present in Hfe−/− mice, does not associate with the microarchitecture impairment of long bones, thus excluding a negative effect of iron overload on bone integrity. We further reveal that Hfe actions in osteoblasts and osteoclasts are dispensable for the maintenance of bone and iron homeostasis in mice under steady‐state conditions. We conclude that, despite systemic iron overload, Hfe−/− mice present normal physiological bone homeostasis. © 2019 The Authors. JBMR Plus in published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Identification of functional lncRNAs in gastric cancer by integrative analysis of GEO and TCGA data
Authors: Zhang Xianqin , Zhang Wanfeng , Jiang Yuyou , Liu Kun , Ran Longke , Song Fangzhou 
Published: May 2019

AbstractGastric cancer (GC) is a prevalent malignant cancer of digestive system, identification of novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for GC is urgently demanded. The aim of this study was to determine potential long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) associated with the pathogenesis and prognosis of GC. Raw noncoding RNA microarray data (GSE53137, GSE70880, and GSE99417) was downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed genes between GC and adjacent normal gastric tissue samples were screened by an integrated analysis of multiple gene expression profile after gene reannotation and batch normalization. Differentially expressed genes were further confirmed by The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network, Gene Ontology term and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway, survival analysis were extensively applied to identify hub lncRNAs and discover potential biomarkers related to diagnosis and prognosis of GC. In total of 246 integrated differential genes including 15 lncRNAs and 241 messenger RNAs (mRNAs) were obtained after intersections of differential genes between GEO and TCGA database. ceRNA network comprised of three lncRNAs (UCA1, HOTTIP, and HMGA1P4), 26 microRNAs (miRNAs) and 72 mRNAs. Functional analysis revealed that three lncRNAs were mainly dominated in cell cycle and cellular senescence. Survival analysis showed that HMGA1P4 was statistically related to the overall survival rate. For the first time, we identified that HMGA1P4, a target of miR‐301b/miR‐508, is involved in cell cycle and senescence process by regulating CCNA2 in GC. Finally, the expression levels of three lncRNAs were validated to be upregulated in GC tissues. Thus, three lncRNAs including UCA1, HOTTIP, and HMGA1P4 may contribute to GC development and their potential functions might be associated with the prognosis of GC.
Emerging role of zinc finger protein A20 as a suppressor of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Yi Peng Sheng , Shu Yan , Bi Wang Xiu , Zheng Xiao Bo , Feng Wan Jing , He Lin Ye , Li Jian Shui 
Published: May 2019

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the third leading cause of cancer‐associated mortality worldwide, is a major public health problem. Zinc finger protein A20 (A20), an acute phase response gene, is a potent inhibitor of NF‐κB signaling. A20 serves a critical role in liver protection, including limiting inflammation following hepatic injury, stimulating hepatocyte growth, and preventing hepatic ischemia‐reperfusion injury. A20 is also involved in different processes, including tumorigenesis, progression, and metastasis through multiple mechanisms. Accumulated studies have reported the clinical implications and biological relevance of A20 in the development and progression of HCC. The underlying mechanisms of A20 in HCC include inhibition of epithelial–mesenchymal transition, protein tyrosine kinase 2 activation and Rac family GTPase 1 activity. Combining liver protection with tumor inhibition is a unique advantage of A20, which has the potential to be a novel treatment for promoting liver regeneration following liver resection in patients with HCC with liver cirrhosis. This review discusses the hepato‐protective effect of A20 on hepatocytes and its potential role in cancer development, particularly its suppressor effect on HCC.
Propofol suppresses proliferation, invasion, and migration of human melanoma cells via regulating microRNA‐137 and fibroblast growth factor 9
Authors: Yu Hong , Ma Meina , Wang Xupeng , Zhou Zhenzhen , Li Rui , Guo Qingduo 
Published: May 2019

AbstractPropofol is an intravenous anesthetic widely used in clinical surgeries, such as tumor resection. Propofol affects the growth of many cancers, though its effect on melanoma is unknown. Our study aimed to explore how propofol affects melanoma cells. Melanoma cells A2058 and WM793B were cultured with propofol for 24 hr. Propofol significantly suppressed proliferation, migration, and invasion of A2058 and WM793B cells. Lower miR‐137 level was observed in A2058 and WM793B cells, compared with normal human epidermal melanocyte HEMa‐LP cells. Propofol‐induced miR‐137 upregulation and decreased proliferation, invasive ability, and migrated ability of A2058 and WM793B cells. Transfection with the miR‐137 inhibitor reversed these effects. Additionally, miR‐137 was verified to target and negatively regulate fibroblast growth factor 9 (FGF9) expression. Propofol efficiently downregulated FGF9 protein expression by upregulating miR‐137. Furthermore, FGF9 overexpression abrogated propofol's repressive effects on the malignant potential of A2058 and WM793B cells. These findings indicate that propofol suppressed melanoma cell proliferation, invasion, and migration by regulating miR‐137 and FGF9.
A two‐buffer method used for both polymerase chain reaction product purification and DNA gel extraction
Authors: Wu Zihui , Zhao Houliang , Zhang Cheng , Wang Juan , Zhao Shasha , Shi Kaituo , Deng Wensheng 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDBoth polymerase chain reaction (PCR) purification kits and DNA gel extraction kits have been widely used for DNA purification in laboratories worldwide. However, the uses of these kits are costly and produce laboratory wastes that have negative impacts on the environment; it is important to develop a novel method to overcome these drawbacks.RESULTSHere we demonstrate that a saturated sodium iodide solution and a laboratory‐made washing buffer can replace the buffers in PCR purification and gel extraction kits for DNA purification and do not affect DNA purification capacity. These two buffers can be utilized to purify DNA along with the columns recycled from PCR purification and DNA gel extraction kits and can maintain DNA purification capacity that is comparable to that of commercial kits. For small‐sized DNA fragments, the buffers developed in this study are even more efficient compared to commercially available buffers from PCR purification and DNA gel extraction kits. The quality of DNA purified with these two buffers can meet the requirements of gene cloning.CONCLUSIONSThis study provides a two‐buffer method that is used for both PCR product purification and DNA gel extraction. This method is simple, of low cost and beneficial to numerous laboratories worldwide. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry