bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Persistence of friendly and submissive interpersonal styles among those with binge‐eating disorder: Comparisons with matched controls and outcomes after group therapy
Authors: Brugnera Agostino , Carlucci Samantha , Compare Angelo , Tasca Giorgio A. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractInterpersonal problems play a prominent role in the development of binge‐eating disorder (BED), so reducing their intensity may be a key focus of many psychological interventions. In recent years, several interpersonal treatments for BED were developed, which posit that binge eating arises to manage relational problems. However, few studies have evaluated the prototypical interpersonal problems, and no studies evaluated the longitudinal changes in interpersonal functioning after treatment within this population. We investigated the severity and prototypicality of interpersonal problems of 101 overweight women with BED from pre‐group psychodynamic–interpersonal psychotherapy (GPIP) to 12 months post‐GPIP. At baseline, we compared patients' interpersonal problems with two groups of matched controls (46 overweight and 49 normal weight women without a diagnosis of BED) and examined circular correlations between relational problems, depressive symptoms, and binge‐eating frequency. Results showed that participants with BED had significantly higher levels of interpersonal problems compared with the matched control samples, with predominantly nonassertive and exploitable styles. Depressive symptoms were related to the presence of friendly–submissive interpersonal problems only among those with BED. Although the intensity of nonassertive interpersonal problems of patients with BED decreased post‐group treatment, their profiles remained prototypically nonassertive and exploitable across all time points. Women with BED experience higher levels of interpersonal difficulties exemplified by an exploitable/nonassertive style that significantly improve but continue to prevail even after treatment. Clinicians might modify interventions to focus on increasing interpersonal skills and decreasing interpersonal dysfunctions among those with BED.
The assessment of cognitive‐behavioral therapy skills in patients diagnosed with health anxiety: Development and pilot study on an observer‐based rating scale
Authors: Ay Destina Sevde , Kühne Franziska , Weck Florian 
Published: June 2019

AbstractCognitive‐behavioral therapy is a highly effective treatment of health anxiety, but it remains unclear through which mechanisms treatment effects prevail. Some evidence suggests that patients acquire skills—understood as techniques helping them reach therapy goals—through psychotherapy. In the current study, an observer‐based rating scale for the skills assessment of patients with health anxiety (SAPH) was developed and validated in a pilot study. Based on 177 videotapes, four independent raters evaluated the frequency of skills acquired during cognitive and exposure therapy among 66 patients diagnosed with health anxiety with the SAPH. Predictive validity was evaluated by the Yale–Brown Obsessive‐Compulsive Scale for Hypochondriasis. The SAPH demonstrated good interrater reliability (ICC(1,2) = .88, p < .001, 95% CI [.81, .92]) and internal consistency (α = .94). Although patient skills did not significantly increase during three sessions, they significantly predicted a reduction in health anxiety symptoms at the end of treatment (R2 = .35). Patients' skills are highly important within the treatment of health anxiety. By providing external ratings of patients' skills with good psychometric properties, our pilot data suggest that the SAPH may complement current tools for the assessment of skills, specifically in targeting health anxiety.
Perylene Diimide Based Imine Cages for Inclusion of Aromatic Guest Molecules and Visible‐Light Photocatalysis
Authors: Feng Xiying , Liao Peisen , Jiang Jingxing , Shi Jianying , Ke Zhuofeng , Zhang Jianyong 
Published: June 2019

AbstractA strategy for the development of visible‐light‐sensitive organic cage structures is reported. Enantiomeric imine cages with optical and electrochemical properties are developed employing perylene diimide (PDI) and tetraphenylethene subunits using dynamic covalent imine chemistry. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are encapsulated efficiently in the imine cage, and the guests interact with PDI units via supramolecular π‐π interactions. Visible‐light‐driven Smiles rearrangement of 2‐aryloxybenzoic acids to aryl salicylates is achieved with high efficiency in the presence of the imine cage as the catalyst.
Profiling microorganisms in whole saliva of children with and without dental caries
Authors: Vieira Alexandre R. , Hiller N. Luisa , Powell Evan , Kim Leon Hak‐Jin , Spirk Tracy , Modesto Adriana , Kreft Rachael 
Published: June 2019

AbstractObjectivesDental caries is a highly prevalent infectious disease that causes tooth decay. While no single bacterial species is causative of dental caries, the role of the oral microbiome in oral health and caries is gaining interest. The purpose of this study is to compare the major species present in whole saliva samples from caries‐free and caries‐active children using the IBIS Universal Biosensor.Material and MethodsThe abundant microbial species in ninety‐five whole saliva samples from caries‐free and caries‐active subjects were characterized using the IBIS Universal Biosensor.ResultsTwenty‐four genera and sixty‐five species were detected. Candida and Streptococcus were common across samples, and often the dominant genus. While we did not observe a strong association between the most abundant species and oral health, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron and Rothia mucilaginosa were enriched in children with active caries; while, Staphylococcus epidermidis was enriched in caries‐free children.ConclusionsThese study trends observed suggest that microbial markers in saliva may serve as predictors of oral health and thus aid in diagnosis and treatments for prevention of caries. Consistent with competitive interactions, we also observed negative associations between Streptococcus pneumoniae and other streptococcal species, Staphylococcus aureus and S. epidermidis, Candida and Neisseria, and Saccharomyces and Streptococcus.
A provable and secure mobile user authentication scheme for mobile cloud computing services
Authors: Irshad Azeem , Chaudhry Shehzad Ashraf , Shafiq Muhammad , Usman Muhammad , Asif Muhammad , Ghani Anwar 
Published: June 2019

SummaryThe mobile cloud computing (MCC) has enriched the quality of services that the clients access from remote cloud‐based servers. The growth in the number of wireless users for MCC has further augmented the requirement for a robust and efficient authenticated key agreement mechanism. Formerly, the users would access cloud services from various cloud‐based service providers and authenticate one another only after communicating with the trusted third party (TTP). This requirement for the clients to access the TTP during each mutual authentication session, in earlier schemes, contributes to the redundant latency overheads for the protocol. Recently, Tsai et al have presented a bilinear pairing based multi‐server authentication (MSA) protocol, to bypass the TTP, at least during mutual authentication. The scheme construction works fine, as far as the elimination of TTP involvement for authentication has been concerned. However, Tsai et al scheme has been found vulnerable to server spoofing attack and desynchronization attack, and lacks smart card‐based user verification, which renders the protocol inapt for practical implementation in different access networks. Hence, we have proposed an improved model designed with bilinear pairing operations, countering the identified threats as posed to Tsai scheme. Additionally, the proposed scheme is backed up by performance evaluation and formal security analysis.
A smart integrated environment for vehicular traffic simulation
Authors: Mubasher Mian Muhammad , Jaffry Syed Waqar , Yousaf Muhammad Murtaza , Bajwa Imran Sarwar , Sarwar Shahzad , Aslam Laeeq 
Published: June 2019

SummaryGlobally, urbanization has increased due to the availability of the facilities, jobs, and better standard of living in cities. Increase in urban population has caused increase in urban commute. The increased pressure on urban settlements has made design and optimization of urban civil infrastructure very challenging especially road transport infrastructure. Domain experts such as transportation managers, engineers, scientist, and academics need effective, easy, and readily usable computational modeling and simulation tools to conduct systematic inquiry for design and optimization of the transportation system. Free and open‐source software (FOSS) community has developed many vehicular traffic simulation software that are cost‐effective and extensible, however are difficult to use. Usually, domain experts do not have hands‐on software skills such as XML‐based interfaces, software source versioning, and build management. To bridge this gap, in our work, an integrated development environment (IDE), namely, integrated vehicular traffic simulation environment (ITE), has been developed. ITE is developed on top of an existing FOSS multimodal open‐source vehicular‐traffic simulator (MovSim). ITE includes a scenario building tool for domain experts. It could be used to model road infrastructure and vehicular traffic in an integrated manner. The tool could be used to build and experiment novel traffic infrastructures and policies. Our work helps in reducing learning curve of domain experts by providing a free and open source, easy and readily usable vehicular traffic simulation tool.
Prognostic significance of the presence of epithelial cell clusters in the ascites of patients with pseudomyxoma peritonei
Authors: Ishida Mitsuaki , Mizumoto Akiyoshi , Yonemura Yutaka , Kashu Ippei , Takemura Shizuki , Tsuta Koji 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundPseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) is a rare condition characterized by intraperitoneal accumulation of mucus due to mucinous neoplasia. The characteristic cytological feature of PMP in the ascites is abundant mucus with or without epithelial cell clusters. However, the prognostic significance of the presence of epithelial cell clusters has not been determined. This study aimed to determine the prognostic significance of epithelial cell clusters in the ascites of patients with PMP.MethodsPatients who were clinically and histopathologically diagnosed with PMP and who underwent intraoperative cytological examination of their ascites were included in this study. Cytological characteristics including mucus and epithelial cell clusters, nuclear atypia, and the presence of signet ring cells were investigated. Overall survival was compared based on the presence of epithelial cell clusters or nuclear atypia.ResultsA total of 283 patients (199 women and 84 men) were investigated. The most common original site was the appendix (244 patients). Ninety patients (31.8%) had mucus without epithelial cell clusters (acellular mucin) while 193 (68.2%) had mucus with such clusters; 134 (69.4%) and 44 (22.8%) of these patients showed low‐grade and high‐grade nuclear features, respectively. Signet ring cells were detected in 15 patients (7.8%). The presence of epithelial cell clusters did not influence overall survival (P = .28); however, high‐grade nuclear features and signet ring cell presence were significant negative prognostic factors (P < .001).ConclusionThe presence of high‐grade nuclear features or of signet ring cells should be carefully investigated in the cytological specimens of patients with PMP.
Detection, pharmacokinetics, and selected pharmacodynamic effects of methamphetamine following a single transmucosal and intravenous administration to exercised Thoroughbred horses
Authors: Knych Heather K. , Arthur Rick M. , Kanarr Kirsten L. , McKemie Dan S. , Kass Philip H. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractMethamphetamine is a central and peripheral nervous system stimulant. There is only a single study that describes exposure to and disposition of this compound in horses. The potential for abuse and inadvertent exposure in equine athletes along with the limited data available necessitates further study. The objectives of the current study were to describe drug and metabolite concentrations, develop an analytical method that could be used to regulate its use, and describe selected pharmacodynamic effects. In phase 1, six horses were randomized into three transmucosal dose groups (n = 2/group; 0.5, 1.0 or 10 mg). In phase 2, horses received a single 10 mg intravenous dose. In phase 3, the effects of urinary pH on elimination were studied. Blood and urine samples were collected for up to 72 hours post drug administration. Concentrations of methamphetamine were measured using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Methamphetamine was below the limit of detection (LOD) in blood by 2, 4, and 18 hours following transmucosal administration of 0.5, 1, and 10 mg, respectively. Following intravenous administration, methamphetamine fell below the LOD between 12 and 18 hours. Following urinary acidification, methamphetamine fell below the limit of quantitation (LOQ) by 12 hours. In urine, methamphetamine was no longer detected at 48, 48, and 72 hours in the 0.5, 1, and 10 mg transmucosal groups and 18 hours in the intravenous group. Increased urinary pH resulted in urinary concentrations of methamphetamine falling below detectable levels by 48 hours post transmucosal administration. While the number of animals was small, behavioral, stimulatory, and cardiac effects were minimal.
Liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry screening method using information‐dependent acquisition of enhanced product ion mass spectra for synthetic cannabinoids including metabolites in urine
Authors: Staeheli Sandra N. , Veloso Veronica P. , Bovens Michael , Bissig Christian , Kraemer Thomas , Poetzsch Michael 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe total number of synthetic cannabinoids (SCs) – a group of new psychoactive substances (NPS) – is increasing every year. The rapidly changing market demands the latest analytical methods to detect the consumption of SCs in clinical or forensic toxicology. In addition, SC metabolites must also be included in a screening procedure, if detection in urine is asked for. For that purpose, an easy and fast qualitative liquid chromatography—tandem mass spectrometry (LC−MS/MS) urine screening method for the detection of 75 SCs and their metabolites was developed and validated in terms of matrix effects, recovery, and limits of identification for a selection of analytes. SC metabolites were generated using in vitro human liver microsome assays, identified by liquid chromatography−high resolution tandem mass spectrometry (LC−HRMS/MS) and finally included to the MS/MS spectra in‐house library. Sample preparation was performed using a cheap‐and‐easy salting‐out liquid–liquid extraction (SALLE) after enzymatic hydrolysis. Method validation showed good selectivity, limits of identification down to 0.05 ng/mL, recoveries above 80%, and matrix effects within ±25% for the selected analytes. Applicability of the method was demonstrated by detection of SC metabolites in authentic urine samples.
Generation of conditional ALK F1174L mutant mouse models for the study of neuroblastoma pathogenesis
Authors: Ono Sachie , Saito Takeshi , Terui Keita , Yoshida Hideo , Enomoto Hideki 
Published: June 2019

AbstractNeuroblastoma, an embryonal tumor arising from the sympathetic ganglia and adrenal medulla, is among the most intractable pediatric cancers. Although a variety of genetic changes have been identified in neuroblastoma, how they contribute to its pathogenesis remains largely unclear. Recent studies have identified alterations of the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene in neuroblastoma; ALK F1174L (a phenylalanine‐to‐leucine substitution at codon 1174) represents one of the most frequent of these somatic mutations, and is associated with amplification of the MYCN gene, the most reliable marker for the poor survival. We engineered the mouse Alk locus so that ALK F1174L is expressed by its endogenous promoter and can be induced in a spatiotemporally controlled fashion using Cre‐loxP system. Although expression of ALK F1174L resulted in enhanced proliferation of sympathetic ganglion progenitors and increased the size of the sympathetic ganglia, it was insufficient to cause neuroblastoma. However, lethal neuroblastoma frequently developed in mice co‐expressing ALK F1174L and MYCN, even in a genetic background where MYCN alone does not cause overt tumors. These data reveal that physiological expression of ALK F1174L significantly potentiates the oncogenic ability of MYCN in vivo. Our conditional mutant mice provide a valuable platform for investigating the pathogenesis of neuroblastoma.
Trophodynamics of Southern Ocean pteropods on the southern Kerguelen Plateau
Authors: Weldrick Christine K. , Trebilco Rowan , Davies Diana M. , Swadling Kerrie M. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractPteropods are a group of small marine gastropods that are highly sensitive to multiple stressors associated with climate change. Their trophic ecology is not well studied, with most research having focused primarily on the effects of ocean acidification on their fragile, aragonite shells. Stable isotopes analysis coupled with isotope‐based Bayesian niche metrics is useful for characterizing the trophic structure of biological assemblages. These approaches have not been implemented for pteropod assemblages. We used isotope‐based Bayesian niche metrics to investigate the trophic relationships of three co‐occurring pteropod species, with distinct feeding behaviors, sampled from the Southern Kerguelen Plateau area in the Indian Sector of the Southern Ocean—a biologically and economically important but poorly studied region. Two of these species were gymnosomes (shell‐less pteropods), which are traditionally regarded as specialist predators on other pteropods, and the third species was a thecosome (shelled pteropod), which are typically generalist omnivores. For each species, we aimed to understand (a) variability and overlap among isotopic niches; and (b) whether there was a relationship between body size and trophic position. Observed isotopic niche areas were broadest for gymnosomes, especially Clione limacina antarctica, whose observed isotopic niche area was wider than expected on both δ13C and δ15N value axes. We also found that trophic position significantly increased with increasing body length for Spongiobranchaea australis. We found no indication of a dietary shift toward increased trophic position with increasing body size for Clio pyramidata f. sulcata. Trophic positions ranged from 2.8 to 3.5, revealing an assemblage composed of both primary and secondary consumer behaviors. This study provides a comprehensive comparative analysis on trophodynamics in Southern Ocean pteropod species, and supports previous studies using gut content, fatty acid and stable isotope analyses. Combined, our results illustrate differences in intraspecific trophic behavior that may be attributed to differential feeding strategies at species level.
Assist device in color discrimination using Heilmeier type guest‐host liquid crystal for red‐green color vision defect
Authors: Nakayama Keizo 
Published: June 2019

AbstractFor assist in color discrimination of color vision defects, the method of observing objects through colored filter has been known. If red filter, which absorbs mostly all light except red light, is used, only the red objects can be highly visible. In this paper, a Heilmeier type guest‐host liquid crystal device with magenta dye was applied to a filter type assist device for red‐green color vision defect. This device can easily control transmittance of green light by changing applied voltage, and make green objects perceived to flicker synchronously. The subjective appraisal of the assist device in color discrimination was performed by five participants with normal vision using a constructed experimental system using a video camera and a PC with a vision simulator. For the confusion indices of the Panel D‐15 test, the effect of the device was statistically significant at P < .01. Moreover, a participant with color vision deficiency assessed it and got results without color confusion on the Panel D‐15 test.
Psychological pain responses in athletes and non‐athletes with low back pain: Avoidance and endurance matter
Authors: Gajsar Hannah , Titze Christina , Levenig Claudia , Kellmann Michael , Heidari Jahan , Kleinert Jens , Rusu Adina Carmen , Hasenbring Monika Ilona 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundDysfunctional psychological pain responses, namely fear‐avoidance (FAR), including catastrophizing and helplessness, as well as endurance‐related responses (ER), including thought suppression and overactivity, have been shown to be risk factors for persistent low back pain (LBP). Literature suggests that athletes may differ from non‐athletes regarding psychological responses to pain.ObjectivesThis study set out to compare FAR and ER between athletes and non‐athletes with LBP. It was hypothesized that athletes would report less frequent FAR and more frequent ER, and that both FAR and ER are associated with LBP intensity and disability.MethodsThe 173 athletes and 93 non‐athletes cross‐sectionally reported how frequently they employ FAR and ER on the Avoidance‐Endurance Questionnaire (AEQ), as well as LBP intensity and disability on the Chronic Pain Grade Questionnaire (CPGS). MANOVA was applied to compare FAR and ER between athletes and non‐athletes. Hierarchical multiple linear regression models were used to determine the unique associations between FAR and ER with LBP intensity and disability.ResultsAthletes reported lower frequencies of behavioural avoidance than non‐athletes, but no other FAR variables differed between the groups. Frequencies of ER did not differ between athletes and non‐athletes. Regression analysis indicated substantial associations of FAR with LBP intensity, as well as of FAR and ER with disability in athletes and non‐athletes.ConclusionsThe results of the present study suggest that athletes and non‐athletes with LBP differ regarding behavioural avoidance, but overall, differences regarding pain responses are marginal. FAR and ER are both reported in athletes and non‐athletes and contribute to disability in both groups.SignificanceAthletes train to endure pain in the course of athletic socialization, at least in the context of exercise. However, there is sparsity of knowledge about psychological pain responses in athletes with low back pain and whether they differ from those in non‐athletes. The results of this comparative study suggest that endurance responses are more frequent than avoidance responses among athletes and non‐athletes alike. However, both types of responses seem relevant to clinical pain management in athletes as well as non‐athletes.