bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implicating Communication: An Analysis of the US House Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure's Investigative Report of the Boeing 737 MAX Crises
Authors: Eshun Ernest A. , Waters Susan , Amoako Richard O. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe Boeing 737 MAX crisis, which started in 2018 and continued in 2019, has drawn researchers to investigate the events preceding and after the deadly crashes. The two accidents involving Lion Air Flight 610 and Ethiopian Airways Flight 302 raised safety concerns over one of Boeing's flagship airplanes, the 737 MAX, occasioning a global grounding of the famous airplane. This study delves into the investigative report produced by the US House Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure concerning the design, certification, and manufacturing of the 737 MAX. The study utilized qualitative analysis to examine the implicit yet impacting communicative elements embedded in the report. Through the analysis, the study identified patterns of organizational culture, corporate power or hegemony, and capitalism as emerging themes that may have contributed to the catastrophic accidents in 2018 and 2019. Implications for the Trans‐MOC model of organizational culture are discussed.
Subtle changes in topsoil microbial communities of drained forested peatlands after prolonged drought
Authors: Hillgén Oona , Palviainen Marjo , Laurén Annamari , Könönen Mari , Ojala Anne , Pumpanen Jukka , Peltomaa Elina 
Published: November 2024

AbstractA major consequence of anthropogenic climate change is the intensification and extension of drought periods. Prolonged drought can alter conditions in drained peatlands and cause disturbances in microbial communities in the topsoil layer of the peat. Varying environmental conditions throughout the growing season, such as the availability of organic matter and nutrients, temperature and water table, further impact these communities and consequently affect carbon and nutrient cycles. The impact of drought and new forestry practices is largely unknown in drained peatland forests. We examined how microbial communities change over a growing season in different harvesting intensities (continuous cover forestry, clear‐cut and uncut) in a drained peatland site using bacterial 16S and fungal ITS2 rRNA analysis. We found seasonal differences in bacterial and fungal diversity and species richness, and subtle changes in microbial communities at the phylum and genus levels when comparing various environmental factors. Diversity, species richness and relative abundance differed in spring compared to summer and autumn. However, significant differences in the microbial community structure were not detected. Understanding the responses of microbial communities to disturbances like drought and other environmental factors provides new insights into the consequences of climate change on drained forested peatlands.
Clinical factors associated with high PD‐L1 expression in patients with early‐stage non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Ohara Shuta , Suda Kenichi , Hamada Akira , Chiba Masato , Ito Masaoki , Shimoji Masaki , Takemoto Toshiki , Soh Junichi , Tsutani Yasuhiro 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundSuperior outcomes have been obtained for neoadjuvant treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) plus chemotherapy over neoadjuvant chemotherapy alone, especially in patients with high programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD‐L1) expression. However, it is not always possible to obtain sufficient tumor specimens for biomarker testing before surgery. In this study, we explored clinical factors that can predict high PD‐L1 expression.MethodsWe retrospectively enrolled 340 lung cancer patients who received pulmonary resection between 2014 and 2023 and who had PD‐L1 expression data. Chi‐squared tests and logistic regression analyses were used to identify clinical factors associated with high PD‐L1 status.ResultsUnivariable and multivariable analyses revealed that smoking, high maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission computed tomography (18F‐FDG PET/CT), and high plasma fibrinogen are independent predictors of high PD‐L1 expression. A predictive score for high PD‐L1 expression (ranging from 0 to 3) was developed based on these parameters. Notably, only 5% of patients with a score of 0 exhibited high PD‐L1 expression, whereas this proportion increased to 53% for patients with a score of 3.ConclusionThese results showed that plasma fibrinogen, smoking history, and SUVmax are predictors of high PD‐L1 expression, providing a basis for identifying patients expected to benefit from neoadjuvant ICI treatment.
Overexpression of TECPR1 improved cognitive function of P301S‐tau mice via activation of autophagy in the early and late process
Authors: Li Ting , Liu Ruijuan , He Ye , Zhang Bingge , Rui Xuexiang , Yang Xifei , Wang Jian‐Zhi , Zeng Juan , Li Gang , Li Xiao , Liu Gong‐Ping 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAutophagy disorders in AD patients and animal models were well known, however, the effect of P301S‐tau on autophagy is not clear. Here, we found that autophagy related protein Tectonin Beta‐Propeller Repeat‐Containing Protein 1 (TECPR1) decreased in the hippocampus of P301S‐tau transgenic mice by proteomics, which was proved in vivo and in vitro, and P301S‐tau induced autophagic deficits in early and late process. TECPR1 overexpression attenuated P301S‐tau induced autophagy defects via promoting autophagosome generation and autophagosome and lysosomes fusion. We also found that TECPR1 overexpression ameliorated the behavior disorders of P301S‐tau mice with promoting tau degradation, improving synaptic plasticity and neuron loss. Lastly, CQ or 3‐MA treatment reversed TECPR1 induced improvement effects on autophagic and cognitive disorders, further proved that, TECPR1 activated the early and late process of autophagy to ameliorate the cognition of P301S‐tau mice. Our data suggest that TECPR1 is a potential therapy target for AD.
Physicians' and pharmacists' perspective on clarity and clinical relevance of absolute contraindications in “Summaries of Product Characteristics”
Authors: Andrikyan Wahram , Sponfeldner Michael I. , Jung‐Poppe Lea , Dürr Pauline , Straubmeier Melanie I. , Schuster Anna K. , Weisbach Laura , Farker Katrin , Hartmann Michael , Fromm Martin F. , Maas Renke 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAimsPrevious work has identified several limitations in “Summaries of Product Characteristics” (SmPCs), which are associated with risks for patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate pharmacists' and physicians' interpretation of contraindications in SmPCs and reasons for their nonadherence in clinical routine.MethodsFor 20 commonly missed or ignored absolute contraindications, an anonymous online survey providing 24 clinical example cases (one or two per contraindication) for physicians and pharmacists was developed. Experts in medication safety were asked whether the respective case fulfilled the definition of the contraindication in the SmPC: (a) formally, irrespective of the clinical relevance of the contraindication (17 cases), and (b) whether the contraindication was deemed clinically relevant in each respective case (24 cases).ResultsTwenty‐seven pharmacists and 27 physicians completed the survey. For only one case (1/17; 5.8%) did all experts agree on the same answer option regarding the formal fulfilment of a given contraindication statement. Experts gave heterogeneous answers regarding the interpretation of a contraindication. For instance, among 10 predefined answer options for the contraindication “active liver disease” in the SmPC of simvastatin, every option was selected by at least six experts. In 17/24 (70.8%) clinical example cases a majority of experts agreed on the clinical relevance of a given contraindication. Key reasons for nonadherence to contraindications were “patient monitoring possible”, “lack of alternative treatment” and “acute/severe situations”.ConclusionsExperts' disagreement on the interpretation of contraindications in SmPCs using clinical example cases indicates that further efforts are needed to improve their usability in clinical routine.
Design, Synthesis and Evaluation of Benzimidazole Derivatives as IL‐6 Inhibitors and Their Role in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Mishra Shivam , Gupta Saurabh , Kaur Sukhvir , Bansal Yogita , Bansal Gulshan 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTInterleukin‐6 (IL‐6) is a pleiotropic cytokine that plays a major role in the development of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). In the present study, benzimidazole and benzene sulfonyl scaffold were identified as pharmacophore by analysis of literature reports and novel small molecule IL‐6 inhibitors were designed. These were screened via docking with IL‐6 (PDB: 1ALU), then and through Lipinski's rule of 5. Based on docking score, 10 best compounds (4a–4e and 7a–7e) were selected for synthesis and evaluated for IL‐6 inhibitory activity in vitro. Compounds 4b and 7b showed the maximum inhibition of IL‐6 (87.55% and 82.75%, respectively). These compounds were further explored for anti‐arthritic activity in vivo using the Incomplete Freund's Adjuvant Model and by morphological and histopathological studies of the inflamed paw. Compound 4b was significantly more active than compound 7b and both were found to be slightly less active than methotrexate. These findings indicate that a benzimidazole nucleus linked to a benzene sulphonyl moiety may prove to be a useful template for the development of new chemical moieties against RA.
Parenting Style and Children's Self‐Care Ability: The Moderating Role of Executive Function
Authors: Yan Zhonglian , Lin Wenqi , Ren Jing , Zhou Ping , Qin Yanling 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundChildren's self‐care ability (SCA) is a very important part of early development and school readiness. Previous studies have shown that parenting style is essential factor that influence young children's SCA. However, much less is known about the association between different types of parenting styles and children's SCA, let alone the moderating role of executive function (EF).MethodsThis study used measures such as parenting style, EF and SCA to survey children (N = 482) aged 3–7 years old and their parents.ResultsThe results indicated that democratic parenting style was positively correlated with children's SCA, while other parenting styles were negatively correlated with children's SCA. Moreover, with the exception of inconsistent parenting style and authoritarian parenting style, the predictive effect of parenting styles on young children's SCA is moderated by young children's EF: Democratic parenting styles and children's SCA were significantly and positively correlated when children's EF was high rather than low; coddling and permissive parenting styles and children's SCA were significantly and negatively correlated when children's EF was high rather than low.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that democratic parenting styles are effective in promoting the development of SCA in children with high EF.
Transition of Care of Stable Kidney Transplant Patients to Referring Nephrologists: A Survey of U.S. Transplant Program Staff
Authors: Anand Prince Mohan , Woodside Kenneth J. , Singh Neeraj , Alhamad Tarek , Bloom Roy D. , Gupta Gaurav , Singer Gary , Doshi Mona , Dadhania Darshana M. , Tanriover Bekir , Parsons Ronald F. , Wagner Caroline , Xiao Huiling , Lentine Krista L. ,   the Graduating Kidney Transplant Patients Controversies Workgroup
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackground and ObjectivesWe conducted a national survey to assess the opinions and experiences of transplant center staff related to processes of care graduation.MethodsFollowing IRB approval, medical staff at U.S. adult kidney transplant programs were surveyed using the Qualtrics survey platform (4/5/2022–10/05/2022). Respondents were invited via email and listservs of professional societies. If > 1 survey was submitted for a program, a selection hierarchy was utilized (e.g., prioritizing nephrologists’ responses).ResultsRespondents provided data from 46.7% of active programs (N = 92), representing 67% of the national kidney transplant volume. Most respondents (70%) were nephrologists. Full graduation to referring nephrologists was reported by 39% of transplant programs, with an additional 48% reporting partial graduation with ongoing co‐management. Rationales for graduation were multifactorial, most commonly including patient travel distance (64%), maintenance of referral base (58%), continuity of care (58%), and center and/or patient burden (54%). Common reasons cited by programs for postgraduation return of care to the transplant center included worsening renal function (82%), malignancy (66%), opportunistic infection (63%), limited local nephrologist availability (60%), and pregnancy planning (57%). Additional coordinators and clinic staff were cited as needed to make transplant center perpetual care feasible by 78% of programs, with 71% stating that more clinicians are needed, while half thought more physical space or telemedicine are required.ConclusionsGraduation of kidney transplant patients is common, with half of programs using a joint‐care approach and another third reporting full return of care to the referring nephrologist. Expanded opportunities related to transplant care for the broad nephrology community are essential.
Kidney Transplantation From Donors With Malignant Renal Masses: A Systematic Review
Authors: Villani Vincenzo , Kulkarni Rupak D. , Fair Jeffrey H. , Shanmugarajah Kumaran 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundSmall malignant renal tumors can be found in up to 1.3% of kidney donors. Several studies have investigated the use of these kidneys for transplantation, after ex vivo resection of the malignant mass.MethodsWe performed a systematic review of the literature on PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science of studies including reports of malignant renal masses excised from kidney grafts prior to transplantation. Articles including benign pathology only were excluded.ResultsOur search strategy identified 226 patients over 32 studies. Pathology included 107 clear cell carcinomas, 27 papillary renal cell carcinomas (RCCs), 84 other types of RCCs, and 8 transitional cell carcinomas. The majority of cancers were grade 1 or 2 (81.6%). Average tumor size was 12.6 mm. Clavien–Dindo ≥ 3 complication rate was 22%. Mean follow‐up was 39.9 months. The 1‐year, 3‐year, and 5‐year overall survival rate for recipients of living donor grafts was 95.8%, 92.1%, and 75.1%. The 1‐year, 3‐year, and 5‐year living donor death‐censored graft survival rate was 90.8, 85.2%, and 64.8%. Of the 226 patients, 6 (2.7%) experienced a malignant recurrence. The average time to recurrence was 36.1 months.ConclusionsTransplantation of kidney grafts after resection of small cancerous masses is relatively safe and has low rates of recurrent malignancy. In the case of a living donor, appropriate counseling on partial nephrectomy versus donor nephrectomy should be provided, ideally by a surgeon who is not part of the transplant team. Recipients of these grafts should be carefully selected and counseled regarding the additional potential technical and oncological risks.
Effect of smoking behaviour and related blood DNA methylation on visceral adipose tissues
Authors: Song Zheng‐Qi , Chen Yi‐Qi , Xuan Chen‐Hao , Ni Tong‐Tong , Xu Yu‐Peng , Lu Xin‐Yu , Chen Fang‐Ran , Chen Yi‐He 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundRecent studies have found that tobacco smoking is associated with fat distribution, yet limited research has focused on its relationship with visceral adipose tissues (VATs). Furthermore, the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the interactions among smoking, epigenetic modifications, and VATs remain unknown.MethodWe performed univariable Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to elucidate the causal relationship between smoking behaviours and VATs, including epicardial and pericardial adipose tissue (EPAT), liver fat (LF), and pancreas fat (PF). This approach could minimize the impact of confounders and reverse causality through utilizing genetic variants to proxy the smoking behaviours. Mediation MR analysis were conducted to detect potential mediators. Additionally, summary‐data‐based MR (SMR) and colocalization analysis were performed to explore the association between smoking‐related DNA methylation and VATs.ResultsWe identified a convincing association between smoking initiation and increased EPAT (beta: 0.15, 95% CI: 0.06, 0.23, p = 7.01 × 10−4) and LF area (beta: 0.15, 95% CI = 0.05, 0.24, p = 2.85 × 10−3), respectively. Further mediation analysis suggested type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) as a potential mediator within these co‐relationships. When further exploring the associations between the smoking related DNA methylation and VATs, we identified that WT1 methylation at cg05222924 was significantly linked to a lower EPAT area (beta: −0.12, 95% CI: −0.16, −0.06, PFDR = 2.24 × 10−3), while GPX1 methylation at cg18642234 facilitated the deposition of EPAT (beta: 0.15, 95% CI: 0.10, 0.20, PFDR = 1.66 × 10−4).ConclusionOur study uncovered a significant causal effect between smoking and VATs, with T2DM identified as a potential mediator. Further investigation into DNA methylation yielded novel insights into the pathogenic role of smoking on EPAT.
Deterrent effects of targeted sanctions by mainland China on Taiwan: evidence from 2021–2 sanction events
Authors: Han Fengze , Li Runliang , Ma Sen , Cheng Tzu‐Chang Forrest 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWe investigate the deterrent effects of a firm‐targeted sanction and a politician‐targeted sanction deployed by mainland China against Taiwan to deter support for ‘Taiwan independence’. In the short run, we find that the signal sent by the targeted sanctions generated deterrence to firms that were not directly sanctioned, but were politically inclined towards ‘Taiwan independence’. Specifically, we find that those firms that donated more to the party that supports ‘Taiwan independence’, while investing in mainland China before the sanction, experienced a decrease in stock return. In terms of magnitude, for those firms entirely leaning towards ‘Taiwan independence’, their stock returns are expected to decrease by around 1.3–1.5 percentage points after the sanction events, which translates into a decrease in the overall market value of sampled firms by 0.305–0.604%. In the medium to long run, we find no evidence that firms affected by the deterrence of the sanction reduced their investment in mainland China as a behaviour response.
First Report of Fusarium Wilt and Pink Rot of Phoenix canariensis in South Africa
Authors: Balocchi Felipe , Wingfield Michael J. , Paap Trudy 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTCanary Island date palm, Phoenix canariensis, is a popular ornamental species commonly planted in urban areas worldwide, including South Africa. In November 2023, symptoms typical of Fusarium wilt were detected on ornamental palms at the Waterfront in Cape Town, Western Cape Province, South Africa. Samples were collected from three wilting palms with one‐sided frond death and pink sporulation on the bark. Isolations to culture media yielded two fungal species, which were confirmed based on DNA sequence data as Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. canariensis (Foc) and Nalanthamala vermoesenii. Fusarium wilt, caused by Foc, is among the most serious diseases of these palms. There is no effective treatment for this vascular wilt disease and infected palms inevitably die. Pink rot, caused by N. vermoesenii, is commonly found as a secondary infection associated with Fusarium wilt in P. canariensis. This is the first detection of the Fusarium wilt and pink rot pathogens in South Africa.
Political Epistemology without Apologies
Authors: Vogelmann Frieder 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPolitical epistemology has become a popular field of research in recent years. It sets itself the ambitious task to intertwine epistemology with social and political theory in order to do justice to the relationships between truth and politics, or reason and power. Yet many contributions either expand arguments and concepts from traditional epistemology to political phenomena or use existing theories and frameworks from social and political theory to address the politics of epistemological questions. The former approach (prominent, e.g., in the epistemic injustice debate) leads to an epistemisation of political phenomena and concepts coupled with their de‐politicization, the latter approach (prominent, e.g., in Frankfurt School critical theory) leads to a politicization of epistemic phenomena and concepts coupled with their de‐epistemisation. Instead, it is argued that political epistemology requires reworking even basic concepts, due to its three foundational commitments: It is committed to the claim that socio‐material conditions of existence matter epistemically (minimal materialism), to the self‐reflection of the socio‐material conditions of political epistemology's own arguments and theories (radical self‐reflexivity), and to a specific form of epistemic humility (epistemic non‐sovereignty). Using the notion of normativity as an exemplary problem, the article closes by highlighting the difficulty of maintaining these three commitments.
Finding a nest: Ant‐associated silverfish (Zygentoma: Lepismatidae) moving outside granivorous Messor nests (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)
Authors: Molero‐Baltanás Rafael , Degallier Nicolas , Gaju‐Ricart Miquel , Parmentier Thomas 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAnt nests accommodate a diverse group of strictly associated arthropods. Most of these arthropods are seldom observed outside their host nest, emphasizing significant gaps in our knowledge regarding their biology. We recorded a series of field observations of lepismatid silverfish (Zygentoma: Lepismatidae) moving outside their usual Messor nest habitat in southern Spain and France. We illustrate how they move between different nests and locate nests by closely tracking the foraging trails of their hosts. Additionally, we confirm a prior observation that they can follow their host ants when they migrate to a new nest site. Our observations offer new insights into the hidden biology and the intricate interactions of specialized arthropod symbionts with their hosts within a spatial context.
Study of phase transformation of calcium silicate using desert sand as raw materials
Authors: Luo Wenli , Shi Zhiming , Wang Wenbin , Liu Zhen , Liu Zhiwen 
Published: November 2024

AbstractProduction of Portland cement consumes a huge amount of silica mineral. The present work aims to introduce desert sand to replace the natural mineral to achieve green manufacturing of silicate cement clinker, as well as further decreasing the synthesis temperature and increasing the production efficiency. The effects of desert sand, industrial quartz and high‐purity quartz as raw materials, and Al2O3 and Fe2O3 as additives on phase transformation and microstructure of calcium silicate powder were comparably investigated using X‐ray diffractometer, differential scanning calorimeter, and scanning electron microscopy. Results show that the main phases of all samples with different raw materials and additives were 3CaO·SiO2 (C3S) and 2CaO·SiO2 (C2S). In which, the samples prepared using desert sand had the lowest phase transformation temperature for C2S and C3S. When adding Al2O3 and Fe2O3, the phase transformation temperatures of C2S and C3S further decreased, which were 1032.5°C and 1270.9°C, respectively, meanwhile phase content reached the maximum (C2S of 65.6 wt.% and C3S of 61.2 wt.%). In addition, the most uniformly and finely distributed crystalline phases formed at an optimal calcination temperature of 1350°C. This is beneficial for reducing production costs, saving mineral resources, and promoting the sustainable development of the cement industry.