bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Introducing Global Issues in A Language Classroom: Knowing Other Cultures by Analysing Multimodal Texts from NGOs
Authors: Martínez Lirola María 
Published: March 2018

<p>This article shows the importance of teaching with texts from Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) in which women from other cultures are represented in order to bring global issues in a language classroom and to deepen in the visual representation of women from other cultures so that students develop their gender perspective. Our main objectives with the research presented in this paper are to introduce students to visual grammar and to work with texts that allow students at tertiary level develop critical thinking and respect for cultural diversity, which will contribute to the introduction of global issues into the classroom. Kress and van Leewen (2006) model of visual grammar was introduced in an English language course at University level so that students could read and analyse multimodal texts. Having done this, students were asked to analyse the texts in groups in order to observe the importance of visuals in the construction of meaning and the way in which the women represented appeared portrayed. The analysis using visual grammar shows that the texts under analysis portray a positive image of African women, which breaks the traditional stereotypes of these women being weak, dependent and marginalised. In addition, this research will show that teaching global issues using multimodal texts from the NGO Intermón Oxfam will help students understand how the discourse used by NGOs creates meaning through different visual and linguistic choices.</p><p> </p>
Potential Pharmacokinetic Herb-Drug Interactions: Have we Overlooked the Importance of Human Carboxylesterases 1 and 2?
Authors: Xu Jing , Qiu Jin-Chun , Ji Xing , Guo Hong-Li , Wang Xuan , Zhang Bo , Wang Tengfei , Chen Feng 
Published: March 2018

Background:
Herbal products have grown steadily across the globe and have increasingly been incorporated
into western medicine for healthcare aims, thereby causing potential pharmacokinetic Herb-drug Interactions
(HDIs) through the inhibition or induction of drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters. Human Carboxylesterases
1 (CES1) and 2 (CES2) metabolize endogenous and exogenous chemicals including many important therapeutic
medications. The growing number of CES substrate drugs also underscores the importance of the enzymes. Herein,
we summarized those potential inhibitors and inducers coming from herbal constituents toward CES1 and CES2. We
also reviewed the reported HDI studies focusing on herbal products and therapeutic agents metabolized by CES1 or
CES2.

Methods:
We searched in PubMed for manuscript published in English after Jan 1, 2000 combining terms “carboxylesterase
1”, “carboxylesterase 2”, “inhibitor”, “inducer”, “herb-drug interaction”, “inhibitory”, and “herbal supplement”.
We also searched specific websites including FDA and EMA. The data of screened papers were analyzed and
summarized.

Results:
The results showed that more than 50 natural inhibitors of CES1 or CES2, including phenolic chemicals,
triterpenoids, and tanshinones were found from herbs, whereas only few inducers of CES1 and CES2 were reported.
Systemic exposure to some commonly used drugs including oseltamivir, irinotecan, and clopidogrel were changed
when they were co-administered with herb products such as goldenseal, black cohosh, ginger, St. John’s Wort, curcumin,
and some Chinese compound formula in animals.

Conclusion:
Nonclinical and clinical studies on HDIs are warranted in the future to provide safety information toward
better clinical outcomes for the combination of herbal products and conventional drugs.
Brain Responses Underlying Anthropomorphism, Agency, and Social Attribution in Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Ammons Carla J. , Doss Constance F. , Bala David , Kana Rajesh K. 
Published: March 2018

Background:Theory of Mind (ToM), the ability to attribute mental states to oneself and others, is frequently impaired in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and may result from altered activation of social brain regions. Conversely, Typically Developing (TD) individuals overextend ToM and show a strong tendency to anthropomorphize and interpret biological motion in the environment. Less is known about how the degree of anthropomorphism influences intentional attribution and engagement of the social brain in ASD.Objective:This fMRI study examines the extent of anthropomorphism, its role in social attribution, and the underlying neural responses in ASD and TD using a series of human stick figures and geometrical shapes.Methods:14 ASD and 14 TD adults watched videos of stick figures and triangles interacting in random or socially meaningful ways while in an fMRI scanner. In addition, they completed out-of-scanner measures of ToM skill and real-world social deficits. Whole brain statistical analysis was performed for regression and within and between group comparisons of all conditions using SPM12’s implementation of the general linear model.Results:ToM network regions were activated in response to social movement and human-like characters in ASD and TD. In addition, greater ToM ability was associated with increased TPJ and MPFC activity while watching stick figures; whereas more severe social symptoms were associated with reduced right TPJ activation in response to social movement.Conclusion:These results suggest that degree of anthropomorphism does not differentially affect social attribution in ASD and highlights the importance of TPJ in ToM and social attribution.
Wiper Trips Effect on Wellbore Instability Using Net Rising Velocity Methods
Authors: Darwesh Ali K. , Rasmussen Thorkild M. , Al-Ansari Nadhir 
Published: March 2018

Background:This paper discusses the wiper trip effects on well instability in shale formations.Objectives:Problematic shale interval sections have been studied for the time spent on the wiper trip operations. Lifting efficiency and well wall instability change with the time analyzed. Detailed drilling operation, formation heterogeneity, rheological and filtration characteristics of polymer water-based mud are discussed. Physical and chemical properties of the drilled formation and drilling fluid are also studied.Materials and Methods:Wiper trips are analyzed using a typical drawing program to find the relations between the most controllable parameters. For that, two calculation models have been implemented to find the net rising cutting particles velocity in the annular. The relation between the net rising velocity and wiper trips is analyzed. Laboratory works have been done to support the findings of field work.Results:Strong relations have been found between the wiper trip impacts and lithology types of the penetrated shale.Conclusion:A modified drilling program is proposed in relation to changes in casing setting depth and drilling fluid properties that make the operations more efficient in cost and time.
Recent Trends of Marriage in Iran
Authors: Aghajanian Akbar , Vaezzade Sajede , Kohan Javad Afshar , Thompson Vaida 
Published: March 2018

Background:In Iran, historically, establishing, maintaining, and continuing family units have been perpetuated through the development of strong ideals about marriage and reproduction that are integrated with Islamic values. Despite the long tradition of marriage as the foundation of both family and society, the data show there are declines in both the rate and the number of marriages. The popular belief among both laymen and social scientists is that, while there has been a decline in permanent marriages, there has been an increase in the number of what can be called temporary marriages. There are no data demonstrating trends in these marriages.Methods:In this paper, we present data on the declining trend in marriage and review the literature on factors considered as a barrier toward marriage. In addition, we examine data from a snowball sample of couples involved in temporary marriages orSighe.Results:Our analysis suggests that those in such marriages may generally ignore or defy cultural prescriptions and proscriptions about marriage, seemingly reflecting a more modernistic view.Conclusion:From this perspective, we suggest that both recorded and non-recorded temporary marriages may reflect changing attitudes that stress individualism, autonomy, and secularism and, particularly for the young who are engaged inSighe, the postponing of parenthood and, indeed, of adulthood.
Pajanan pestisida dan kejadian anemia pada petani holtikultura di Garut
Authors: Arwin Nella Mutia , Suyud Suyud 
Published: March 2018

Pesticide exposure and anemia incidence among horticultural farmers in Cikajang district, Garut in 2016PurposeThis study aimed to determine the relationship of pesticide exposure with anemia.MethodsA cross-sectional design was used in this study. The population in this study were male horticulture farmers domiciled in Cikajang, Garut. A total of 106 farmers were selected as samples and blood samples were taken to determine hemoglobin concentration.ResultsAverage Hb farmer was 16.65 g/dL. Bivariate analysis showed no association between exposure to pesticides which consisted of working period (p = 0.440, OR = 1.944; 95% CI: 0.51 to 7.325), duration of spraying (p = 1.000), spraying time (p value = 1.000), spraying frequency (p = 1.000, OR = 0.698; 95% CI: 0.091 to 5.334), the dose of pesticides (p = 1.000, OR = 1.244; 95% CI = 0.164 to 9.444), and mixing pesticides (p = 1.000, OR = 1.337; 95% CI: 0.176 to 10.181) with the incidence of anemia. Multivariate analysis showed that working period is the dominant factor affecting the incidence of anemia in horticulture farmers.ConclusionPesticide exposure was not associated with anemia. Therefore, in future studies, it is expected to perform the appropriate biomarker testing to detect the presence of pesticide exposure with the biological effect on the health of farmers.
POTENSI PENGEMBANGAN EKOWISATA MANGROVE DI KAMPUNG TANJUNG BATU, KECAMATAN PULAU DERAWAN, KABUPATEN BERAU (Potential Development of Mangrove Ecotourism in Tanjung Batu Village, Derawan Island District, Berau Regency)
Authors: Mukhlisi Mukhlisi 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRAKJasa lingkungan berupa ekowisata pada kawasan hutan mangrove di Tanjung Batu, Kabupaten Berau, Provinsi Kalimantan Timur merupakan salah satu potensi sumber daya alam yang belum banyak dimanfaatkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis potensi pengembangan ekowisata mangrove di Kampung Tanjung Batu berdasarkan penilaian kondisi obyek daya tarik wisata alam, persepsi wisatawan dan masyarakat, serta potensi nilai ekonomi yang dimiliki. Metode penelitian yang digunakan melalui observasi, wawancara terstruktur, dan studi pustaka. Analisis data obyek daya tarik wisata alam dilakukan melalui skoring dan pembobotan, persepsi wisatawan dan masyarakat dilakukan secara deskriptif, sedangkan potensi nilai ekonomi berdasarkan pada nilai kesediaan membayar (Willingness to Pay/WTP). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kawasan hutan mangrove Tanjung Batu prospektif untuk dikembangkan sebagai destinasi ekowisata dengan skor total daya tarik wisata alam berada pada kategori tinggi. Persepsi wisatawan dan masyarakat sekitar mendukung penuh upaya pengembangan ekowisata dengan potensi nilai ekonomi diperkirakan sebesar Rp. 1.423.914.894 tiap tahun. ABSTRACTEnvironmental services in the form ecotourism at mangrove forest of Tanjung Batu, Berau District, East Kalimantan Province is one of the natural resources that have not been used. The aim of this study was to analyze the potential of ecotourism development in mangrove forest of Kampung Tanjung Batu which is based on rating natural tourist attraction object, the perception of tourists and local community, as well as potential economic value. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and study of related literature. Natural tourist attraction object analysis was conducted by the scoring, whereas the perception of tourists and local community by descriptive method, and economic value based on willingness to pay. The result of study showed that mangrove forest area of Tanjung Batu prospective to be developed as an ecotourism destination with a total score of natural attractions that were in the high category. The perception of tourists and the local community fully supports the efforts of ecotourism development with potential economic value was estimated at Rp. 1.423.914.894 per annum.
Time-Centered Approach to Understanding Risk Factors for the Progression of CKD
Authors: Ku Elaine , Johansen Kirsten L. , McCulloch Charles E. 
Published: March 2018

Background and objectives
Traditional approaches to modeling risk of CKD progression do not provide estimates of the time it takes for disease progression to occur, which could be useful in guiding therapeutic interactions between patients and providers. Our objective was to estimate median time spent in each of CKD stages 3a–5 and how the time differs according to risk factors associated with progression of disease.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
We included 3682 participants of the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort in mixed models to estimate person-specific trajectories of function, and used these trajectories to estimate time spent in each CKD stage.

Results
During 9.5 years of median follow-up, participants spent longer in earlier rather than later CKD stages, ranging from a median of 7.9 years (interquartile range, 2.3 to >12 years) in stage 3a to 0.8 years (interquartile range, 0.3–1.6) in stage 5. Known risk factors for CKD progression were also associated with larger differences in time until progression to the next CKD stage in earlier versus later stages of disease. For example, compared with systolic BP <140 mm Hg, systolic BP ≥140 mm Hg was associated with 6.1 years shorter time (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 4.5 to 7.5) spent in stage 3a, 3.3 years shorter time (95% CI, 2.7 to 4.0) in stage 3b, but only 2.4 months shorter time (95% CI, 0.8 to 3.6) in stage 5. Compared with those with proteinuria <1 g/g, proteinuria ≥1 g/g was associated with 8 years shorter time spent (95% CI, 6.8 to 9.6) in stage 3a, 5.6 years shorter time (95% CI, 5.0 to 6.4) in stage 3b, but only 6 months shorter time (95% CI, 3.8 to 8) in stage 5.

Conclusions
There are marked variations in the time spent in the different stages of CKD, according to risk factors and stage of disease.
Studi Koefisien Drag Aerodinamika pada Model Ahmed Body Terbalik Berbasis Metode Numerik
Authors: Yogatama Marga , Trisno Ramon 
Published: March 2018

transportation is one segment that produced greenhouse gasses. Transportation produced 14% emission in the world and will continuously arise. Because of that, so many effort made to reduce the rises. One of them is to reduce fuel consumption. To reduced fuel consumption we need to reduced the drag aerodynamic effect. This experiment use ansys software modeling with reversed ahmed body car model. Simulation does at 30 km/h, 60 km/h and 100 km/h. from the simulation we can get the stream turbulency and the drag coefficient at 0.073.
Insecticidal activity of Wild Spikenard (Hyptis suaveolens L. Poit) on Adult Mortality and Female Oviposition of Groundnut Bruchid, Caryedon serratus Olivier on stored Groundnut Seeds and Tamarind pods
Authors: I. Umar A. Mohammed C. S. Oaya, A. M. Malgwi, 
Published: March 2018

An investigation was conducted to estimate the insecticidal deterrence of wild Spikenard (Hyptis suaveolens L. Poit) on adult mortality and female oviposition of groundnut bruchid, Caryedon serratus Olivier on stored groundnut seeds and tamarind pods. Data were taken on mean percentage mortality and mean number of eggs laid (female oviposition). The highest mean percentage mortality for both stored produces were reported in actellic dust and 12.00g levels of H. suaveolens whole powders (93.50; 91.75 and 92.25; 91.25) while the least were obtained in the controls (4.75; 3.25). Moreover, 12.00g levels of H. suaveolens whole powder and actellic dust recorded the least mean number of eggs laid (female oviposition) (18.00; 17.00 and 19.25; 18.00) while the highest was reported in the controls (318.25; 305.50) respectively. There was no significant difference between the effects of rates of synthetic insecticides and 12.00g level of H. suaveolens whole powder in all the parameters measured.
North Indian Classical Music and Lerdahl and Jackendoff’s Generative Theory – a Mutual Regard
Authors: Clarke David 
Published: March 2018

This article applies aspects ofA Generative Theory of Tonal Musicby Fred Lerdahl and Ray Jackendoff to the analysis of Hindustani (North Indian) classical music, with a double-edged purpose. On the one hand, theGTTMmethodology is used to illuminate the workings of anālāp(as performed by Vijay Rajput, a vocalist in thekhyālstyle). On the other hand, the analysis acts as a case study to assess the viability of this methodology for the analysis of Indian classical music, and in particular, to test out Lerdahl and Jackendoff’s claim thatGTTMpresents a universal musical grammar, transcending specific cultures.This pilot study considers what modifications would be necessary toGTTM’s preference rules to make a viable generative theory for Hindustani classical music—or at least for its melodic aspects, governed as these are by the principles ofrāg. With such modifications, it is possible to formally represent levels of musical knowledge involved in the production and perception of this music, and to verify the generative principles whereby a performer is able to improvise a potentially infinite number of musical utterances from a finite set of rules.The investigation also fosters a critique of Lerdahl and Jackendoff’s theories. Among the questions addressed is that of the diachronic modeling of improvised musical performance—which, unlike the score-based studies ofGTTM, cannot be analyzed entirely outside the flow of time. Consistent with this critical position is the conclusion that, rather than the pursuit of universals per se, it is an openness to the tension between universals and particulars that may lead to the most valuable knowledge.
Efektifitas pijat punggung menggunakan minyak esensial lavender terhadap produksi asi ibu pasca salin
Authors: Yuliana Wahida , Hakimi Mohammad , Isnaeni Yuli 
Published: March 2018

This study aims to determine the effect of back massage using lavender essensial oils toward milk production of postpartum mother atÂ Community Health Center of Yogyakarta city. The design ofthe study wasQuasiexperimentwithpost testonlynonequivalentcontrolgroupdesign.Thesampling technique isconsecutiveÂ sampling.There is 30 respondents for each group. The analysis used waschi-square test. The analysis results showed the treatment ofback massageusinglavenderis RR 3,33, it means thatit has chanceof 3,33times toincrease milk productionaftermassasecontrolled bytreatment, parity, BMI andfrequency of breastfeeding. The fifth modelis the bestmodelbecause it is ableto explainthe breastmilk productionby 26%. Â
Perbandingan penggunaan topikal asi dengan perawatan kering terhadap lama pelepasan tali pusat bayi
Authors: Sari Febriana , Nurdiati Detty Siti , Astuti Dhesy Ari 
Published: March 2018

This reseach aims to investigate the difference between umbilical cord treatment by using topical ASI and dry treatment towards the length of umbilical cord release in baby. This research used quasi experimental method with non-equivalent posttest design only. 44 samples of neonatal babies were taken by using consecutive sampling according to the inclusion criteria. The average length of umbilical cord release with topical ASI is 6.18 days and the one with dry treatment is 7.41 days. The length of umbilical cord release with topical ASI is 1.23 days faster compared to the one with dry treatment with p=0.010. The umbilical cord release with topical ASI is faster than the one with dry treatment and it can also reduce infection.Â Â
Pengaruh pemberian pendidikan kesehatan terhadap sikap mengkonsumsi tablet fe pada ibu hamil
Authors: Makmun Indriyani , Ismarwati Ismarwati 
Published: March 2018

The high prevalence of anemia can be influenced by the behavior of wayward mother taking iron suplementation. The research objective determine the impact of health education on attitude of consuming iron suplementation. Designstudy is Quasi Experiment with pre-test post-test non-equivalent control group design.The sample was 58 with consecutive sampling technique.Analysis used Mann-Whitney and multiple regression for multivariable analysis. The results showed after intervention, then there is increased behavior with p= 0.005 (p<0.05). External variables is education with p <0.05. The conclusions are the effect of health education on attitude of consuming iron suplementation anemia in pregnant women.Â Â
Reality of having bed nets at home, their status and pattern of using it at night among the population of Lakhantari Village Development Committee of Nepal
Authors: Thapa Bijay Kumar , Pokharel Kapil Kumar , Chaurasia Nitendra , Acharya Alok , Mishra Rimu , Sharma Ganesh 
Published: March 2018

Background & Objectives:The use of insecticide treated nets has been advocated for the prevention of the vector borne transmitted disease (malaria) by the World Health Organization and UNICEF for more than a decade. In spite of this, there is no significant reduction in the transmission of the disease. Main objectives of study were to find out the real pattern of using it, to find out the physical integrity of the bed nets being used, and to prove the correlation in between the physical integrity of bed nets and the disease outcome. Torn bed nets with holes size more than 1.2 mm were considered as “holes” in this study.Materials & Methods:A community based cross- sectional study was carried out in Lakhantari VDC within the duration of two weeks. This VDC has been named recently as Gramthan Gaupalika one of State one. Sample size of 384 was determined by the WHO sample size calculator. Face to face interview technique was used after taking consent from individual. Confidentiality was maintained. It was ethically approved by the IRC (Institutional Review Committee) of Nobel Medical College.Results:A total of 384 household were studied. Total household had bed nets but the physical integrity of bed nets was not intact. Almost 73% of the bed nets were torn having more than four holes in them. Nearly 94% of household used bed nets only for three to four days a week. Nearly half of the Malaria was found among 22% and encephalitis in 17% of household. Conclusion:Use of bed nets do not prevent and provide guarantee from vector borne disease unless it is properly used. Torn bed nets are of almost no use unless people are using other preventive measures.