bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cittadinanza imperiale romana e britannica a confronto : le riflessioni di James Bryce
Authors: Marotta Valerio 
Published: April 2018

Il rapporto del suddito col proprio sovrano, secondo i giuristi inglesi, era, nella sua natura, identico a quello del vassallo col proprio signore. Quantomeno a partire dal Calvin’s case (1608), da ciò conseguì che, con la conquista e l’annessione di nuovi territori, i loro abitanti liberi, diventando sudditi di Sua Maestà, ottenevano tutti i diritti civili spettanti a un suddito britannico, eccettuati quelli che presupponessero la residenza in Inghilterra. Cionondimeno – benché la tradizione giuridica della monarchia inglese favorisse, in fondo, il rapido emergere d’una vera nozione di cittadinanza imperiale britannica – non si riscontra, nella concreta esperienza storica dell’Impero britannico, a differenza di quanto era accaduto in quella dell’Impero romano, alcun tentativo di integrare le élites dei popoli conquistati nel ceto di governo. Le riflessioni di James Bryce (1838-1922) – uomo politico liberale, politologo e storico oxoniense del diritto romano – sulla constitutio Antoniniana
e sulle divergenti esperienze romana e britannica.
Les Gaulois à Chiusi : réflexions sur les mouvements migratoires et sur l’activité diplomatique des Celtes en Italie
Authors: Bourdin Stéphane 
Published: April 2018

L’épisode des Gaulois à Chiusi est souvent interprété comme une invention des courants de la tradition annalistique hostiles aux Fabii. En réalité, l’existence de relations d’hospitium priuatum établies entre les grandes
gentes romaines et les cités étrusques le rend plus vraisemblable. Les Fabii interviennent à Chiusi sur la base de ces liens, en tant que médiateurs privés. Par la suite, Fabius Pictor, pour diminuer la responsabilité des Fabii
dans l’arrivée des Gaulois jusqu’à Rome, présente leur action comme une ambassade officielle du peuple romain. Les Gaulois comprennent cependant la vraie nature de l’intervention des Fabii et ils connaissent bien les usages diplomatiques italiens, comme le montrent plusieurs exemples : ils respectent le ius gentium, envoient et reçoivent des ambassadeurs... Enfin, leur présence sous les murs de Chiusi se comprend mieux si on l’intègre à un ensemble de mouvements de petits groupes gaulois, qui finissent parfois par s’établir sur le territoire de cités comme Bologne au début du IVe siècle ou Tivoli en 361.
Solco, muro, pomerio
Authors: De Sanctis Gianluca 
Published: April 2018

Che cos’era il pomerium ? Quello che è certo, al di là delle incertezze degli antichi, è che esso costituiva il limite sacro della città vera e propria (urbs), ossia il confine di uno spazio speciale dal punto di vista giuridicoreligioso, reso tale dai gesti e dalle parole dell’augure al momento della fondazione. Un riesame accurato delle fonti dimostra che il pomerio non è da identificarsi, come spesso si è creduto fin ora, con il sulcus primigenius
che compare in una pagina del De verborum significatu di Verrio Flacco (p. 271 Lindsay) ; esso in realtà va piuttosto riconosciuto in una linea di cippi terminali che nella fase archetipica immaginata da Varrone e Plutarco, i testi chiave di questo dossier, doveva correre parallelamente e internamente al circuito delle mura. La funzione di questa frontiera era di separare e distinguere non solo due spazi eterogenei, l’urbs e l’ager, ma anche due poteri, l’imperium militiae che si esercitava all’interno dell’urbs, e l’imperium domi che il magistrato assumeva appena varcato il pomerio.
La conservation des denrées dans l’espace domestique à Pompéi et Herculanum
Authors: Monteix Nicolas 
Published: April 2018

Utiliser l’exemple des cités ensevelies par le Vésuve pour comprendre les formes de stockage employées dans l’espace domestique paraît naturel, tant les conditions de conservation d’Herculanum et de Pompéi sont a priori
bonnes. Toutefois, les méthodes de fouilles employées depuis la redécouverte de ces deux sites ont entraîné une perte importante de données. Il est néanmoins, possible de dresser une typologie des techniques de stockage qui inclut tant les récipients en matériaux périssables, que les conteneurs céramiques ou les greniers construits dans les étages. Il ressort de cette étude que les quantités de grains et de légumineuses observées durant la fouille sont relativement faibles eu égard à l’attente que l’on pourrait avoir sur deux sites ensevelis à l’automne suivant les récoltes.
La politique socio-agraire de l’empereur Nerva (96-98)
Authors: Pagé Marie-Michelle 
Published: April 2018

Cet article a pour objectif de réévaluer le rôle de l’empereur Nerva (96-98) dans l’implantation des alimenta,
un système destiné aux enfants de l’Italie et dont le fonctionnement reposait sur l’octroi de prêts, par l’empereur, à des propriétaires fonciers italiens. Si Nerva est généralement désigné comme le «penseur» des alimenta,
c’est à Trajan que revient le crédit de sa véritable mise en application à l’échelle italienne. L’article propose ainsi, en premier lieu, une relecture des sources fournissant des indices de l’implication de Nerva vis-àvis l’institution alimentaire. Il envisage ensuite, par l’analyse d’une autre mesure de Nerva, la lex Cocceia agraria, l’intégration des alimenta à une véritable et cohérente «politique socio-agraire». L’existence d’une telle politique entre 96 et 98, sans confirmer la thèse du rayonnement des alimenta en Italie sous Nerva, vient la consolider et la renouveler.
AD Leonis: Radial Velocity Signal of Stellar Rotation or Spin–Orbit Resonance?
Authors: Tuomi Mikko , Jones Hugh R. A. , Barnes John R. , Anglada-Escudé Guillem , Butler R. Paul , Kiraga Marcin , Vogt Steven S. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
AD Leonis is a nearby magnetically active M dwarf. We find Doppler variability with a period of 2.23 days, as well as photometric signals: (1) a short-period signal, which is similar to the radial velocity signal, albeit with considerable variability; and (2) a long-term activity cycle of 4070 ± 120 days. We examine the short-term photometric signal in the available All-Sky Automated Survey and Microvariability and Oscillations of STars (MOST) photometry and find that the signal is not consistently present and varies considerably as a function of time. This signal undergoes a phase change of roughly 0.8 rad when considering the first and second halves of the MOST data set, which are separated in median time by 3.38 days. In contrast, the Doppler signal is stable in the combined High-Accuracy Radial velocity Planet Searcher and High Resolution Echelle Spectrometer radial velocities for over 4700 days and does not appear to vary in time in amplitude, phase, period, or as a function of extracted wavelength. We consider a variety of starspot scenarios and find it challenging to simultaneously explain the rapidly varying photometric signal and the stable radial velocity signal as being caused by starspots corotating on the stellar surface. This suggests that the origin of the Doppler periodicity might be the gravitational tug of a planet orbiting the star in spin–orbit resonance. For such a scenario and no spin–orbit misalignment, the measured

indicates an inclination angle of 15.°5 ± 2.°5 and a planetary companion mass of 0.237 ± 0.047 M
Jup.
Measuring the Microlensing Parallax from Various Space Observatories
Authors: Bachelet E. , Hinse T. C. , Street R. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
A few observational methods allow the measurement of the mass and distance of the lens-star for a microlensing event. A first estimate can be obtained by measuring the microlensing parallax effect produced by either the motion of the Earth (annual parallax) or the contemporaneous observation of the lensing event from two (or more) observatories (space or terrestrial parallax) sufficiently separated from each other. Further developing ideas originally outlined by Gould as well as Mogavero & Beaulieu, we review the possibility of measuring systematically the microlensing parallax using a telescope based on the Moon surface and other space-based observing platforms, including the upcoming WFIRST space-telescope. We first generalize the Fisher matrix formulation and present results demonstrating the advantage for each observing scenario. We conclude by outlining the limitation of the Fisher matrix analysis when submitted to a practical data modeling process. By considering a lunar-based parallax observation, we find that parameter correlations introduce a significant loss in detection efficiency of the probed lunar parallax effect.
Plasma Diagnostics of Coronal Dimming Events
Authors: Vanninathan Kamalam , Veronig Astrid M. , Dissauer Karin , Temmer Manuela 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Coronal mass ejections are often associated with coronal dimmings, i.e., transient dark regions that are most distinctly observed in Extreme Ultra-violet wavelengths. Using Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) data, we apply Differential Emission Measure diagnostics to study the plasma characteristics of six coronal dimming events. In the core dimming region, we find a steep and impulsive decrease of density with values up to 50%–70%. Five of the events also reveal an associated drop in temperature of 5%–25%. The secondary dimming regions also show a distinct decrease in density, but less strong, decreasing by 10%–45%. In both the core and the secondary dimming the density changes are much larger than the temperature changes, confirming that the dimming regions are mainly caused by plasma evacuation. In the core dimming, the plasma density reduces rapidly within the first 20–30 minutes after the flare start and does not recover for at least 10 hr later, whereas the secondary dimming tends to be more gradual and starts to replenish after 1–2 hr. The pre-event temperatures are higher in the core dimming (1.7–2.6 MK) than in the secondary dimming regions (1.6–2.0 MK). Both core and secondary dimmings are best observed in the AIA 211 and 193 Å filters. These findings suggest that the core dimming corresponds to the footpoints of the erupting flux rope rooted in the AR, while the secondary dimming represents plasma from overlying coronal structures that expand during the CME eruption.
The First Laboratory Detection of Vibration-rotation Transitions of 12CH+ and 13CH+ and Improved Measurement of Their Rotational Transition Frequencies
Authors: Doménech José L. , Jusko Pavol , Schlemmer Stephan , Asvany Oskar 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
C–H stretches of the fundamental ions CH+ and 13CH+, which have long been searched for, have been observed for the first time in the laboratory. The state-dependent attachment of He atoms to these ions at cryogenic temperatures has been exploited to obtain high-resolution rovibrational data. In addition, the lowest rotational transitions of CH+, 13CH+ and CD+ have been revisited and their rest frequency values have improved substantially.
A Near-infrared RR Lyrae Census along the Southern Galactic Plane: The Milky Way’s Stellar Fossil Brought to Light
Authors: Dékány István , Hajdu Gergely , Grebel Eva K. , Catelan Márcio , Elorrieta Felipe , Eyheramendy Susana , Majaess Daniel , Jordán Andrés 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
RR Lyrae stars (RRLs) are tracers of the Milky Way’s fossil record, holding valuable information on its formation and early evolution. Owing to the high interstellar extinction endemic to the Galactic plane, distant RRLs lying at low Galactic latitudes have been elusive. We attained a census of 1892 high-confidence RRLs by exploiting the near-infrared photometric database of the VVV survey’s disk footprint spanning ∼70° of Galactic longitude, using a machine-learned classifier. Novel data-driven methods were employed to accurately characterize their spatial distribution using sparsely sampled multi-band photometry. The RRL metallicity distribution function (MDF) was derived from their K

s
-band light-curve parameters using machine-learning methods. The MDF shows remarkable structural similarities to both the spectroscopic MDF of red clump giants and the MDF of bulge RRLs. We model the MDF with a multi-component density distribution and find that the number density of stars associated with the different model components systematically changes with both the Galactocentric radius and vertical distance from the Galactic plane, equivalent to weak metallicity gradients. Based on the consistency with results from the ARGOS survey, three MDF modes are attributed to the old disk populations, while the most metal-poor RRLs are probably halo interlopers. We propose that the dominant [Fe/H] component with a mean of −1 dex might correspond to the outskirts of an ancient Galactic spheroid or classical bulge component residing in the central Milky Way. The physical origins of the RRLs in this study need to be verified by kinematical information.
Spitzer Infrared Spectrograph Observations of the Galactic Center: Quantifying the Extreme Ultraviolet/Soft X-ray Fluxes
Authors: Simpson Janet P. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
It has long been shown that the extreme ultraviolet spectrum of the ionizing stars of H ii regions can be estimated by comparing the observed line emission to detailed models. In the Galactic Center (GC), however, previous observations have shown that the ionizing spectral energy distribution (SED) of the local photon field is strange, producing both very low excitation ionized gas (indicative of ionization by late O stars) and also widespread diffuse emission from atoms too highly ionized to be found in normal H ii regions. This paper describes the analysis of all GC spectra taken by Spitzer's Infrared Spectrograph and downloaded from the Spitzer Heritage Archive. In it, H ii region densities and abundances are described, and serendipitously discovered candidate planetary nebulae, compact shocks, and candidate young stellar objects are tabulated. Models were computed with Cloudy, using SEDs from Starburst99 plus additional X-rays, and compared to the observed mid-infrared forbidden and recombination lines. The ages inferred from the model fits do not agree with recent proposed star formation sequences (star formation in the GC occurring along streams of gas with density enhancements caused by close encounters with the black hole, Sgr A*), with Sgr B1, Sgr C, and the Arches Cluster being all about the same age, around 4.5 Myr old, with similar X-ray requirements. The fits for the Quintuplet Cluster appear to give a younger age, but that could be caused by higher-energy photons from shocks from stellar winds or from a supernova.
Radiation Hydrodynamics Simulations of Photoevaporation of Protoplanetary Disks by Ultraviolet Radiation: Metallicity Dependence
Authors: Nakatani Riouhei , Hosokawa Takashi , Yoshida Naoki , Nomura Hideko , Kuiper Rolf 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Protoplanetary disks are thought to have lifetimes of several million yr in the solar neighborhood, but recent observations suggest that the disk lifetimes are shorter in a low-metallicity environment. We perform a suite of radiation hydrodynamics simulations of photoevaporating protoplanetary disks to study their long-term evolution of ∼10,000 yr and the metallicity dependence of mass-loss rates. Our simulations follow hydrodynamics, extreme and far-ultraviolet (FUV) radiative transfer, and nonequilibrium chemistry in a self-consistent manner. Dust-grain temperatures are also calculated consistently by solving the radiative transfer of the stellar irradiation and grain (re-)emission. We vary the disk metallicity over a wide range of

10

−
4

Z

⊙

≤
Z
≤
10

Z

⊙

. The photoevaporation rate is lower with higher metallicity in the range of

10

−
1

Z

⊙

≲
Z
≲
10

Z

⊙

, because dust shielding effectively prevents FUV photons from penetrating and heating the dense regions of the disk. The photoevaporation rate sharply declines at even lower metallicities in

10

−
2

Z

⊙

≲
Z
≲

10

−
1

Z

⊙

, because FUV photoelectric heating becomes less effective than dust–gas collisional cooling. The temperature in the neutral region decreases, and photoevaporative flows are excited only in an outer region of the disk. At

10

−
4

Z

⊙

≤
Z
≲

10

−
2

Z

⊙

, H i photoionization heating acts as a dominant gas heating process and drives photoevaporative flows with a roughly constant rate. The typical disk lifetime is shorter at Z = 0.3

Z

⊙

than at

Z
=

Z

⊙

, being consistent with recent observations of the extreme outer galaxy.
La démocratie à l’ère de l’Anthropocène
Authors: Eckersley Robyn 
Published: April 2018

L’idée que les humains sont maintenant la nouvelle force capable de façonner la Terre s’accompagne de divers arguments en faveur d’un exceptionnalisme environnemental, allant de la géoingénierie à l’autoritarisme écologique. Selon ce dernier point de vue, des concessions devraient être faites à l’égard de la démocratie si nous désirons respecter les limites planétaires et accélérer la transition écologique. D’autre part, ceux qui rejettent cette position ont eux aussi peu de foi en la capacité des démocraties libérales, du multilatéralisme environnemental ou des nouvelles propositions de « gouvernance du système Terre » à conduire une transition écologique. De manière plus générale, le caractère transnational et intertemporel du changement climatique, ainsi que d’autres problèmes écologiques globaux, constitue un défi fondamental à l’idée de démocratie basée sur un demos fixe et un territoire défini. Cet article revient à la fois sur la défense et sur la critique de la démocratie à l’âge de l’Anthropocène, puis montre comment le paradoxe qui se niche au cœur de la démocratie, celui des limites du demos , peut être exploité pour servir des communautés plus étendues dans l’espace et dans le temps.
Risk factors and co-morbidities associated with changes in renal function among antiretroviral treatment-naïve adults in South Africa: A chart review
Authors: Assaram Shirelle , Mashamba-Thompson Tivani P. , Magula Nombulelo P. 
Published: April 2018

Introduction: Our systematic scoping review has demonstrated a research gap in antiretroviral treatment (ART) nephrotoxicity as well as in the long-term outcomes of renal function for patients on ART in South Africa. Bearing in mind the high prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in South Africa, this is of great concern.Objectives: To determine the risk factors and co-morbidities associated with changes in renal function in HIV-infected adults in South Africa.Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of 350 ART-naïve adult patients attending the King Edward VIII HIV clinic, Durban, South Africa. Data were collected at baseline (pre-ART) and at six, 12, 18 and 24 months on ART. Renal function was assessed in the 24-month period using the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease equation and was categorised into normal renal function (estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] ≥ 60), moderate renal impairment (eGFR 30–59), severe renal impairment (eGFR 15–29) and kidney failure (eGFR < 15 mL/min/1.73 m2). Generalised linear models for binary data were used to model the probability of renal impairment over the five time periods, controlling for repeated measures within participants over time. Risk ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were reported for each time point versus baseline.Results: The cohort was 64% female, and 99% were Black. The median age was 36 years. At baseline, 10 patients had hypertension (HPT), six had diabetes, 61 were co-infected with tuberculosis (TB) and 157 patients had a high body mass index (BMI) with 25.4% being categorised as overweight and 19.4% as obese. The majority of the patients (59.3%) were normotensive. At baseline, the majority of the patients (90.4%) had normal renal function (95% CI: 86% – 93%), 7.0% (CI: 5% – 10%) had moderate renal impairment, 1.3% (CI: 0% – 3%) had severe renal impairment and 1.3% (CI: 0% – 3%) had renal failure. As BMI increased by one unit, the risk of renal impairment increased by 1.06 (CI: 1.03–1.10) times. The association of HPT with abnormal renal function was found to be insignificant, p > 0.05. The vast majority of patients were initiated on tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) (90.6%), in combination with lamivudine (3TC) (100%) and either efavirenz (EFV) (56.6%) or nevirapine (NVP) (43.4%).Conclusion: This study reports a low prevalence of baseline renal impairment in HIV-infected ART-naïve outpatients. An improvement in renal function after the commencement of ART has been demonstrated in this population. However, the long-term outcomes of patients with HIV-related renal disease are not known.
Digital reconstruction of historic roof structures: developing a workflow for a highly automated analysis
Authors: Pöchtrager Markus , Styhler-Aydın Gudrun , Döring-Williams Marina , Pfeifer Norbert 
Published: April 2018

<p>Planning on adaptive reuse, maintenance and restoration of historic timber structuresrequiresextensive architectural and structural analysis of the actual condition. Current methods for a modellingof roof constructions consist of several manual steps including the time-consuming dimensional modelling. The continuous development of terrestrial laser scanners increases the accuracy, comfort and speed of the surveying work inroof constructions. Resultingpoint clouds enabledetailed visualisation of theconstructionsrepresented by single points or polygonal meshes, but in fact donot containinformation about the structural system and the beam elements. The developed workflow containsseveral processing steps on the point cloud dataset. The most important among them arethenormal vector computation, the segmentation of points to extract planarfaces, a classification of planarsegmentsto detect the beam side facesand finally theparametric modelling of the beams on the basis of classified segments. Thisenablesa highly automated transitionfrom raw point cloud data to a geometric model containing beams of the structural system. The geometric model,as well as additional information about the structural properties of involved wooden beams and their joints,is necessaryinput for a furtherstructural modellingof timber constructions. The results of the workflow confirm that the proposed methods work well for beams with a rectangularcross-section and minor deformations. Scan shadows and occlusionof beamsby additional installationsor interlockingbeamsdecreases the modelling performance, but in generala high level ofaccuracy and completeness isachieved ata high degree of automation</p><div data-canvas-width="62.83200000000001"><strong>Highlights:</strong></div><div data-canvas-width="62.83200000000001"> </div><div><ul><li><p>This article presents a novel approach to automated reconstruction of beam structures by modelling geometry from segmented point clouds.</p></li><li><p>Wooden beams are modelled as cuboids, thus a rectangular cross-section with minor deformation is required.</p></li><li><p>An accuracy of less than 1 cm can be reached for modelled beams, compared to the reference LiDAR point cloud.</p></li></ul></div>