bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Continuous Electroencephalography in the Critically Ill: Clinical and Continuous Electroencephalography Markers for Targeted Monitoring
Authors: Newey Christopher R. , Kinzy Tyler G. , Punia Vineet , Hantus Stephen 
Published: April 2018

Purpose:
Electrographic seizures detected by continuous electroencephalography (CEEG) in critically ill patients with altered mental status is becoming increasingly recognized. Data guiding the appropriate selection of patients to be monitored on CEEG are lacking. The aims of this article were to study the incidence of seizures in the critical care setting and to evaluate for clinical predictors to improve the efficiency of CEEG monitoring.

Methods:
Retrospective review of the CEEG and clinical data on 1,123 consecutive patients who had continuous video EEG over a 24-month period.

Results:
Seizures were recorded in 215 patients on CEEG monitoring (19.1%). In total, 89.3% of these seizures occurred without clinical signs. Patients who were in a coma were more likely to have EEG seizures (odds ratio, 3.64; 95% confidence interval, 2.23–5.95) compared with those awake. The incidence of seizures was overrepresented in patients with extra-axial tumors (41.9%), multiple sclerosis (35.7%), and intra-axial tumors (33.0%). Lateralized periodic discharges were predictive (odds ratio, 8.27; 95% confidence interval, 5.52–12.46) of seizure occurrence compared with those with no epileptiform patterns. Only generalized periodic discharges with triphasic morphology had no increased odds of seizure (odds ratio, 1.02; 95% confidence interval, 0.24–3.03). When present, electroencephalography seizures were detected within 24 hours in 92% of monitored patients.

Conclusions:
Continuous electroencephalography monitoring in the critical care setting demonstrates a linear increase in seizure incidence with declining mental status. Recognizing clinical conditions and electroencephalography markings may help in the appropriate selection of critically ill patients for CEEG monitoring.
Widespread cis-regulation of RNA-editing in a large mammal
Authors: Lopdell Thomas J , Couldrey Christine , Tiplady Kathryn , Davis Stephan R , Snell Russell G , Harris Bevin L , Littlejohn Mathew D 
Published: April 2018

AbstractPost-transcriptional RNA editing may regulate transcript expression and diversity in cells, with potential impacts on various aspects of physiology and environmental adaptation. A small number of recent genome-wide studies in Drosophila, mouse, and human have shown that RNA editing can be genetically modulated, highlighting loci that quantitatively impact editing of transcripts. The potential gene expression and physiological consequences of these RNA editing quantitative trait loci (edQTL), however, are almost entirely unknown. Here, we present analyses of RNA editing in a large domestic mammal (Bos taurus), where we use whole genome and high depth RNA sequencing to discover, characterise, and conduct genetic mapping studies of novel transcript edits. Using a discovery population of nine deeply-sequenced cows, we identify 2,001 edit sites in the mammary transcriptome, the majority of which are adenosine to inosine edits (97.4%). Most sites are predicted to reside in double-stranded secondary structures (85.7%), and quantification of the rates of editing in an additional 355 cows reveals editing is negatively correlated with gene expression in the majority of cases. Genetic analyses of RNA editing and gene expression highlights 67 cis-regulated edQTL, of which seven appear to co-segregate with expression QTL effects. Trait association analyses in a separate population of 9,988 lactating cows also shows nine of the cis-edQTL coincide with at least one co-segregating lactation QTL. Together, these results enhance our understanding of RNA editing dynamics in mammals, and suggest mechanistic links by which loci may impact phenotype through RNA-editing mediated processes.
Skeletal Muscle Metrics on Clinical 18F- FDG PET/CT Predict Health Outcomes in Patients with Sarcoma
Authors: Foster Brent , Boutin Robert D. , Lenchik Leon , Gedeon David , Liu Yu , Nittur Vinay , Badawi Ramsey D. , Li Chin-Shang , Canter Robert J. , Chaudhari Abhijit J. 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACTThe aim of this study was to determine the association of measures of skeletal muscle determined from 18F-FDG PET/CT with health outcomes in patients with soft-tissue sarcoma. 14 patients (8 women and 6 men; mean age 66.5 years) with sarcoma had PET/CT examinations. On CTs of the abdomen and pelvis, skeletal muscle was segmented, and cross-sectional muscle area, muscle volume, and muscle attenuation were determined. Within the segmented muscle, intramuscular fat area, volume, and density were derived. On PET images the standardized uptake value (SUV) of muscle was determined. Regression analyses were conducted to determine the association between the imaging measures and health outcomes including overall survival (OS), local recurrence-free survival (LRFS), distant cancer recurrence (DCR), and major surgical complications (MSC). The association between imaging metrics and pre-therapy levels of serum C-reactive protein (CRP), creatinine, hemoglobin, and albumin was determined. Decreased volumetric muscle CT attenuation was associated with increased DCR. Increased PET SUV of muscle was associated with decreased OS and LRFS. Lower muscle SUV was associated with lower serum hemoglobin and albumin. Muscle measurements obtained on routine 18F-FDG PET/CT is associated with outcomes and serum hemoglobin and albumin in patients with sarcoma.
Human cytomegalovirus tropism modulator UL148 interacts with SEL1L, a cellular factor that governs ER-associated degradation of the viral envelope glycoprotein, gO
Authors: Nguyen Christopher C. , Siddiquey Mohammed N. , Zhang Hongbo , Kamil Jeremy P. 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACTUL148 is a viral endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident glycoprotein that contributes to human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) cell tropism. The influence of UL148 on tropism correlates with its potential to promote the expression of glycoprotein O (gO), a viral envelope glycoprotein that participates in a heterotrimeric complex with glycoproteins H and L that is required for infectivity. In an effort to gain insight into mechanism, we used mass spectrometry to identify proteins that co-immunoprecipitate from infected cells with UL148. This approach led us to identify an interaction between UL148 and SEL1L, a factor that plays key roles in ER-associated degradation (ERAD). In pulse-chase experiments, gO was less stable in cells infected with aUL148-null mutant HCMV than during wild-type infection, suggesting a potential functional relevance for the interaction with SEL1L. To investigate whether UL148 regulates gO abundance by influencing ERAD, siRNA silencing of either SEL1L or its partner, Hrd1, was carried out in the context of infection. Knockdown of these ERAD factors strongly enhanced levels of gO, but not other viral glycoproteins, and the effect was amplified in the presence of UL148. Furthermore, pharmacological inhibition of ERAD showed similar results. Silencing of SEL1L during infection also stabilized an interaction of gO with the ER lectin OS-9, which likewise suggests that gO is an ERAD substrate. Taken together, our results identify an intriguing interaction of UL148 with the ERAD machinery, and demonstrate that gO behaves as a constitutive ERAD substrate during infection. These findings have implications for understanding the regulation of HCMV cell tropism.
Assessment of factors influencing the failure and abandonment of multi-storey building projects in Nigeria
Authors: Adebisi Emmanuel Oluwatobi , Ojo Stephen Okunola , Alao Oluwaseyi Olalekan 
Published: April 2018

Purpose
The failure and abandonment of construction projects have proven to be insurmountable problems incessantly militating against the efficient performance of the construction industry in Nigeria. The complexity, technicality and a host of other project execution issues unique to multi-storey building projects do increase their susceptibility to failure and abandonment. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to examine the factors influencing failure and abandonment of multi-storey building projects in Nigeria. This is with a view to provide inferential empirical data that could enhance successful delivery of multi-storey building projects in Nigeria.

Design/methodology/approach
Primary data were used for the study. A structured questionnaire was administered on consultants and contractors’ personnel within Lagos State, Nigeria. A total of 180 copies of the questionnaire were administered ,and 134 copies which represent a combined response rate of 74.4 per cent were retrieved. The data were analysed using frequency distribution and percentages, Mean item score and factor analysis.

Findings
The factors most significant to the failure and abandonment of multi-storey building projects are inadequate funding by the client, improper planning at the pre-construction phase, structural failure in multi-storey building during construction, bankruptcy/business failure of the contractor, improper scheduling of the building project activities and failure to engage qualified professionals with technical expertise and experience. The rated factors clustered under human resources capability, planning and structural quality, contractor selection and variation, insecurity and variation, and force majeure and political risk.

Research limitations/implications
The study was limited to multi-storey building projects in Lagos State, Nigeria. Further studies could focus on specific resuscitation strategies for abandoned multi-storey building projects.

Practical implications
The study provided implications for effective project and contract management of multi-storey building projects which is very paramount to improve the delivery of complex, technical- and capital-intensive building projects in Nigeria.

Originality/value
The study provides specific implications for the management of multi-storey building projects, thereby enhancing the delivery of building projects.
Structural model of patent quality applied to various countries
Authors: Chang Shu-Hao , Chang Hsin-Yuan , Fan Chin-Yuan 
Published: April 2018

Purpose
In the current knowledge-based economy era, national innovation ability is crucial. Abundant information can be obtained through patent analysis, and such information can help in the formulation of policies and the making of R&D decisions; numerous researchers thus continue to make patent analyses. The quality of patents possessed by a country indicates the level of innovation and technology in the country, and this study aims to assess the quality of patents possessed by various countries.

Design/methodology/approach
In this study, the authors determined patent quality in various countries from the perspective of the reflective measurement model and used a novel method to construct a structural model of patent quality.

Findings
This study discovered that patent family, number of claims, number of international patent classifications, forward citations, nonpatent references and maintenance time are the structural factors that affect patent quality. Forward citations and the number of claims are particularly highly explained by patent quality, which is a latent construct.

Originality/value
The results of this study provide valuable information to the government and help in the assessment of patent quality in various countries. In addition, the assessment model proposed in this study can be used in the investigation of patent quality in academic research and can predict patent quality, which will be of interest to the government and industry.
M&A deal initiation: the case of the unwelcome suitor
Authors: Davis Frederick , Walker Thomas , Zhou Linyi 
Published: April 2018

Purpose
Within the context of mergers and acquisitions, the purpose of this paper is to clarify the relationship between the deal initiator and various outcomes of the deal, particularly in consideration of the cash position of the acquiring firm.

Design/methodology/approach
Using hand-collected deal initiation data from various filings on the Securities Exchange Commission EDGAR online database, this paper performs a series of event study analyses, multivariate analyses, a Heckman two-step estimation procedure, and an instrumental variable approach to examine merger outcomes.

Findings
This paper finds that many merger and acquisition (M&A) outcomes (target and acquirer announcement returns, acquirer long-run returns, premiums, and the method of payment) are significantly related to deal initiation, particularly in consideration of the cash position of the acquiring firm. Overall, evidence is seen as consistent with the theory that “lemons” selectively approach cash-rich acquirers, often to the acquirers’ detriment.

Originality/value
This paper finds that target-initiated deals are not necessarily associated with poorer transaction outcomes for targets as contemporaneous studies suggest, and presents the first empirical evidence of M&A outcomes related to the deal initiator which are dependent on the cash position of the acquiring firm.
Ranking the risk categories in international projects using the TOPSIS method
Authors: Dandage Rahul , Mantha Shankar S. , Rane Santosh B. 
Published: April 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to review the risk categories which are predominant in international projects and to rank them according to their effect on project success.

Design/methodology/approach
A literature survey of peer-reviewed journal articles, survey reports and books on project management is used as the research methodology. One among the various multi-criteria decision making methods named as Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to the Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) has been used to rank the risk categories according to their importance. The data for TOPSIS were collected through questionnaire as the research instrument.

Findings
The findings derived from evaluation of the publications led to the identification of eight different types of risk categories associated with international projects. The TOPSIS method resulted into political risks, technical risks and design-related risks as the top three risk categories in international projects. Contractual and legal risks and fraudulent practices-related risks are relatively low-ranked risk category.

Research limitations/implications
The findings will be useful in successful implementation of international projects as the knowledge of risk categories and their ranking will help project manager to plan the risk response strategies. A larger sample size for decision makers and more variety of projects can give more exhaustive risk categories and their ranking.

Practical implications
This paper explores eight different risk categories in international projects. It represents the ranking of risk categories according to their importance in project success. This will be helpful to project managers for developing a general framework for planning the appropriate risk response strategies.

Social implications
Governments of many countries around the world are encouraging their industries to undertake and successfully complete projects in foreign countries. However, many industries experience failure in projects as they fail to implement the risk management (RM) effectively in international projects. This research work provides the risk categories in international projects and their ranking which can assist in developing strategies to respond the risk appropriately.

Originality/value
This paper uses the TOPSIS method for ranking major types of risk categories in international projects. It might represent new opportunities for rigorous and relevant research that would contribute to an in-depth knowledge of RM methodologies.
Reducing failure rate at high voltage (HV) testing of insulator using Six Sigma methodology
Authors: Desai Darshak A. , Shaikh Aurangzeb Javed Ahmed 
Published: April 2018

PurposeThis paper, a case study, aims to illustrate the application of Six Sigma in a small-scale ceramic manufacturing industry. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the empirical application of DMAIC methodology to reduce failure rate at high voltage (HV) testing of one of the most critical products, insulator.Design/methodology/approachThe case study is based on primary data collected from a real-life situation prevailing in the industry. The case study methodology adopted here is at one small-scale unit wherein the authors have applied DMAIC methodology and observed and recorded the improvement results, especially, reduction in failure rate at HV testing of insulator and, thus, increase in Sigma level.FindingsThe results found after implementation of the solutions are very significant. The rejection percentage has been reduced from 0.5 to 0.1 percent and consequently the Sigma level has been improved from 4.4 to 5.0.Research limitations/implicationsThis success story can be a guiding roadmap for other such industries to successfully implement Six Sigma to improve quality, productivity and profitability.Practical implicationsThis case study will serve as one of the resource bases for the industries which have till not implemented Six Sigma and benefited from the same.Social implicationsImproved quality and productivity leads to better economy. This case will help industries to serve the society with better economy with improved quality and productivity.Originality/valueThough ceramic industries in India are having enormous potential for growth, majority of them, especially, small and medium industries are either not aware of or not implementing Six Sigma to reap its multidimensional benefits of improving quality, productivity and profitability. This study highlights the benefits reaped by small-scale ceramic manufacturing industry opening up the avenues for its application at other such organizations.
The main driver of social unsustainability and its remedy
Authors: Malik Arif 
Published: April 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to emphasize on the need for a fair and just economic system to achieve sustainability.

Design/methodology/approach
Using systems thinking approach it shows that climate change, ecological degradation, population growth, poverty and the resource scarcity, the problems of failing financial markets and economic recession are all intertwined with the present economic system, which has been responsible for transgressing the balance of nature.

Findings
The paper shows that all the reforms or alternatives to the contemporary economic system proposed in the literature do not really address the root cause of all the problems, which is the built-in usurious system, made possible with the paper currency, in the economy that creates great injustices. The paper argues that solutions of science and technology to ecological problems are limited because of ecological shortsightedness and corporate greed.

Originality/value
The paper introduces the concept of “fair and just” economic system for sustainable development of humanity and suggests future directions for its realization.
No manager is an island: culture in sensemaking of business networking
Authors: Ivanova-Gongne Maria , Torkkeli Lasse 
Published: April 2018

PurposeThis paper aims to investigate the role of culture in managerial sensemaking and conceptualization of business networking.Design/methodology/approachThe authors apply qualitative methodology through the sensemaking approach on three Finnish and three Russian managers in mutual buyer–supplier business relationship dyads.FindingsThe results imply that the cultural background of the manager determines his perception of the level at which business networking occurs. Finnish managers conceptualize business networking as an organizational strategy, whereas their Russian counterparts conceptualize the phenomenon squarely at the individual level.Research limitations/implicationsThe authors suggest that the underlying cause of the differences in the conceptualization of networking may be that Finnish business networking relies more on concepts derived from Western European business culture, whereas Russian networking relies more on the traditional culture. Consequently, they suggest that the concept of business networking in extant research may suffer from ethnocentricity. Limitations of the study include the limited extent of generalizations from its qualitative nature.Practical implicationsThe results imply that business network relationships should be managed differently in different cultures, and that depending on the cultural background of the business partner, managing both the organizational and the individual levels of business networking is needed.Originality/valueThe study contributes to limited literature on culture and the role of individuals in managerial conceptualization of business networking. This is one of the rare studies to illustrate differences through individual sensemaking on both sides of the relationship dyad and account for both Western European and Russian market environments.
Traditional architecture and sustainable conservation
Authors: Guerrero Baca Luis Fernando , Soria López Francisco Javier 
Published: April 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the need to go beyond the “monumentalist” vision in restoration of built heritage and embrace principles of sustainability in this architectural practice.

Design/methodology/approach
Case studies as conceptual reference. Architectural typology.

Findings
The environmental crisis that is currently recognized as one of the most important problems that contemporary society must address urgently is a situation that still has not permeated enough in the practice of monumental restoration, which is still carried out using unlimited resources.

Research limitations/implications
In that sense, the close relationship between the built and the natural environment as an essential ingredient of the vernacular is analysed.

Practical implications
Much of the sustainable principles, that have been put forward as an example to be followed, are elements that have hundreds of years in the constructive tradition.

Social implications
In this context, vernacular architecture has much to contribute in the field of conservation by the enormous accumulated knowledge that its shapes, materials and social use represent.

Originality/value
This experience must be retrieved, but not as an aseptic laboratory experiment, but through its updated application and active implementation to improve the quality of life for inhabitants and contribute to the preservation of our cultural and natural environments.
Religious tourism – a review of the literature
Authors: Rashid Amber Gul 
Published: April 2018

PurposeGiven the growing importance of religious tourism, the purpose of this paper is to present a review of the literature around the area.Design/methodology/approachAll papers with the term “religious tourism” have been searched via Emerald Insight from January 2006 to December 2017. The search was run in June 2017 for the last time and all early cite papers falling under the criteria were also included. This has ensured that key literature produced after the seminal work by Timothy and Olsen (Eds) (2006) has been reviewed. Certain exclusions apply which have been listed in the paper.FindingsKey themes from the literature on religious tourism along with new developments and overlaps with other tourism sectors have been highlighted.Originality/valueThis paper reviews literature spanning more than a decade on religious tourism.