bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular mechanism underlying pseudopeloria in Habenaria radiata (Orchidaceae)
Authors: Mitoma Mai , Kajino Yumi , Hayashi Risa , Endo Miyako , Kubota Shosei , Kanno Akira 
Published: March 2019

SummaryHabenaria radiata (Orchidaceae) has two whorls of perianth, comprising three greenish sepals, two white petals and one lip (labellum). By contrast, the pseudopeloric (with a decreased degree of zygomorphy) mutant cultivar of H. radiata, ‘Hishou’, has changes in the identities of the dorsal sepal to a petaloid organ and the two ventral sepals to lip‐like organs. Here, we isolated four DEFICIENS‐like and two AGL6‐like genes from H. radiata, and characterized their expression. Most of these genes revealed similar expression patterns in the wild type and in the ‘Hishou’ cultivar, except HrDEF‐C3. The HrDEF‐C3 gene was expressed in petals and lip in the wild type but was ectopically expressed in sepal, petals, lip, leaf, root and bulb in ‘Hishou’. Sequence analysis of the HrDEF‐C3 loci revealed that the ‘Hishou’ genome harbored two types of HrDEF‐C3 genes: one identical to wild‐type HrDEF‐C3 and the other carrying a retrotransposon insertion in its promoter. Genetic linkage analysis of the progeny derived from an intraspecific cross between ‘Hishou’ and the wild type demonstrated that the mutant pseudopeloric trait was dominantly inherited and was linked to the HrDEF‐C3 gene carrying the retrotransposon. These results indicate that the pseudopeloric phenotype is caused by retrotransposon insertion in the HrDEF‐C3 promoter, resulting in the ectopic expression of HrDEF‐C3. As the expression of HrAGL6‐C2 was limited to lateral sepals and lip, the overlapping expression of HrDEF‐C3 and HrAGL6‐C2 is likely to be responsible for the sepal to lip‐like identity in the lateral sepals of the ‘Hishou’ cultivar.
Association of endogenous testosterone concentration with depression in men: a systematic review protocol
Authors: See Chee Keong , Turnbull Deborah , Ritson Felix , Martin Sean , Tully Phillip , Wittert Gary 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACT

Objective:
The objective of this review is to examine the association between serum testosterone concentration and the presence and severity of depression in men.

Introduction:
Cross-sectional and longitudinal cohort studies examining the relationship between serum testosterone concentration and depression in men have produced mixed results. There has not, however, been any prior attempt to systematically interrogate the data. Clarification of the relationship has clinical importance because depression may be under-diagnosed in men.

Inclusion criteria:
This review will consider studies involving community-dwelling men who are not receiving testosterone replacement therapy. The exposure of interest reviewed will include endogenous testosterone concentration measured through validated assays. Studies measuring total and testosterone fraction concentration will be included. This review will include studies with depression or incident depression outcomes as defined by either clinical diagnosis of depression or validated self-administered questionnaire assessing depression symptomatology.

Methods:
This review will follow the JBI approach for systematic reviews of etiology and risk. The following sources will be searched: PubMed, PsycINFO, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry and the ISRCTN Registry. Analytical observational studies including prospective and retrospective cohort studies, case control studies and analytical cross-sectional studies published in English or other languages with English translation will be considered. Retrieval of full-text studies, assessment of methodological quality and data extraction will be performed independently by two reviewers. Data will be pooled in statistical meta-analysis, where possible.

Systematic review registration number:
PROSPERO CRD42018108273
Models and Analysis of the Pressure Field for a Hybrid Electric Vehicle With a Fuel Vapor-Containment System in a Refueling Process
Authors: Fang Yanyue , He Ren , Fan Baowei 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
In order to ensure and improve the performance of the fuel vapor-containment system (FVS) on a hybrid electric vehicle (HEV), the vapor pressure field of the evaporative (EVAP) system in the refueling process was analyzed. Numerical models were established to describe the pressure change in the EVAP system. Based on these numerical models, the influences of refueling speed, filler pipe diameter, vent pipe diameter, and fuel vapor-containment valve (FVV) port diameter on pressure change were discussed. The numerical models and the influences of aforementioned effects were validated by experiments. Simulation and experimental results indicated that the vapor pressure field in the EVAP system is more susceptible to the change of refueling speed and FVV port diameter. If the refueling speed increased and the FVV port diameter decreased, the vapor pressure in the EVAP system strongly fluctuated. Furthermore, results also show that the FVV port diameter should be as large as possible but less than 20 mm, while refueling speed should be 50 l/min. The filler pipe diameter can be chosen in the range of 23–28 mm.
Pipeline embolization device diameter is an important factor determining the efficacy of flow diversion treatment of small intracranial saccular aneurysms
Authors: Kole Matthew James , Miller Timothy Ryan , Cannarsa Gregory , Wessell Aaron , Jones Salazar , Le Elizabeth , Jindal Gaurav , Aldrich François , Simard J Marc , Gandhi Dheeraj 
Published: March 2019

ObjectiveFlow diversion using the Pipeline embolization device (PED) has become a widely used treatment method for intracranial aneurysms. However, a subset of aneurysms will fail to occlude following treatment and the factors that influence the efficacy of flow diversion remain uncertain. As smaller diameter PEDs inherently have greater metal density than larger devices, we elected to investigate whether PED diameter influences treatment efficacy when using a single device. We also evaluated other factors that may influence treatment outcomes with PED.MethodsWe retrospectively evaluated all patients treated for an intracranial saccular aneurysm at our institution with a single PED at least 12 months prior to the time of data collection. Patients treated with multiple devices, adjunctive coiling, traumatic and fusiform target aneurysms, as well as patients with inadequate imaging follow-up (<12 months) were excluded.Results158 aneurysms in 124 patients (128 treatments) met the inclusion criteria for our study. 123 aneurysms (80%) were occluded over an average follow-up of 26.6 months. Multivariable logistic regression showed that branch vessel incorporation into the target aneurysm sac (p<0.001, OR=0.15) was significantly associated with aneurysm persistence, while smaller PED diameter was significantly associated with aneurysm occlusion (p=0.008; OR=0.30).ConclusionsPED diameter significantly impacts outcomes when using a single device for the treatment of small anterior circulation intracranial saccular aneurysms, most likely due to the inherent greater metal density of smaller devices. This factor should be taken into account when planning endovascular aneurysm treatment with PED.
“The War Took Us Backwards”
Authors: Pandya Sophia 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIf political activities (demonstration, revolution, war) can be understood as forms of ritual performance in which temporary social hegemonic inversions typically are followed by competing efforts to restore structure or define a new structure, then under what conditions would they offer potential for changes in family dynamics and gender roles? The past few years in Yemen have witnessed extraordinary political and socioeconomic turbulence, from the 2011 Arab Spring revolution to the 2015 brutal war. Yemeni families have been significantly impacted in myriad ways, including displacement, family separation, poverty, violence, unemployment, sectarian strife, disruption of education, and mental illness. Men and women have demonstrated a high level of public activism during the Arab Spring and the war, further altering family dynamics and the gendered social tapestry, in a highly patriarchal country. Social “disorder,” including modification of gender roles, is often challenged by those desiring to restore “order,” the “traditional” family structure, and patriarchy. This study analyzes gendered dimensions of the “Yemen Spring” and the subsequent war, with a particular focus on the link between gendered family dynamics and the sociopolitical landscape, also considering the role religion and religious groups play.
Early Printing in Cologne: Setting in Non-Sequential Order and Printing with a One-Pull Press
Authors: de la Garza-Gil Karina 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
What was the relationship between the printing technology available to early printers in Cologne and the printing practices? I can demonstrate that the regular conceptions of setting method and printing practice, printing page-by-page with a one-pull press and setting text seriatim, are contradicted after the evaluation of material evidence of, so far, at least one Cologne: one of the first in-folio format editions in Cologne, printed by the first printer of the city, Ulrich Zell.
Dutch Publications on the Jesuit Mission in China in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries
Authors: Begheyn Paul 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Between 1615 and 1736 31 Jesuit publications on China appeared in the Dutch Republic, in Dutch, French, German, Latin and Spanish. The most original and important is the Novus atlas Sinensis by Martino Martini, printed for the first time in 1655, in Latin and Dutch.
The Effect of ‘Motive’ on Characterising Organised Tawarruq
Authors: Sharaiyra Suhaib Walid , Haswa Maher 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
This article aims to discuss the effect of motive of organised tawarruq parties on its permissibility and to shed light on the importance of considering the overall objectives and goals of Sharīʿah when conducting transactions. An analytical and deductive approach is used to examine the reality of organised tawarruq (al-tawarruq al-munaẓẓam) and the motive behind it as well as the validity of reference to and conception of the texts used in support thereof. The discussion concludes the presence of misinterpretations of the Sharīʿah texts referred to in support of organised tawarruq, as well as obvious overlooking of the motives behind it, which should have led to the exclusion of organised tawarruq from the permissible modes of Islamic finance. This article provides a comprehensive view of organised tawarruq, in terms of its motive, form and substance, in order to assist in reviewing the capability of its use as a financing tool.
Prognostic factors for survival in patients with mucosal and ocular melanoma treated with ipilimumab: Turkish Oncology Group study
Authors: Arzu Yaşar H , Turna Hande , Esin Ece , Murat Sedef A , Alkan Ali , Oksuzoglu Berna , Ozdemir Nuriye , Sendur MA Nahit , Sezer Ahmet , Kılıckap Saadettin , Utkan Gungor , Akbulut Hakan , Celik Ismail , Abalı Huseyin , Urun Yuksel 
Published: March 2019

Objective To evaluate prognostic factors associated with the use of ipilimumab in patients with mucosal and uveal melanoma. Methods In this multicenter, retrospective study, 31 patients with uveal and mucosal melanoma diagnosed between 2010 and 2017 were enrolled. Patients’ characteristics, metastatic disease sites, treatment before ipilimumab therapy, performance status, hemoglobin, lactate dehydrogenase levels, B-RAF and c-kit mutation status, toxicity, and survival data were assessed for patients with mucosal and uveal melanoma. SPSS version 17 was used for statistical analysis. Kaplan–Meier method was used for survival analysis. The log-rank test was used for univariate analyses. The Cox regression analysis was used to test the association between multivariate variables and survival. The p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Twenty patients had uveal and eleven patients had mucosal melanoma. The median overall survival was seven months (95% confidence interval: 1.1–12.7). In univariate analysis, while bone metastasis, anemia, high lactate dehydrogenase level, and more metastatic sites were associated with lower overall survival, better treatment response and administration of ipilimumab in first or second lines were associated with favorable overall survival. In multivariate analysis, only treatment response status and administration of ipilimumab in first or second lines were found to be significant as independent prognostic factors for survival. Conclusion Ipilimumab therapy may be associated with increased survival, but this retrospective small N study makes that hard to definitely conclude.
ILIOTIBIAL BAND AUTOGRAFT: WHAT SIZE IS THE GRAFT? A MATHEMATICAL AND CADAVERIC MODEL
Authors: Beck Jennifer , Takamura Karren , Beck Jeanne , Bowen Richard E. 
Published: March 2019

Background The Iliotibial Band (ITB) is used as a primary ACL reconstruction in skeletally immature patients and as autograft during other orthopedic reconstructions. The size of the ITB as a single and doubled graft is unknown. Methods Nine adult cadaveric ITB were used to determine the size of the ITB as a single and doubled graft. Thickness and width of the ITB were determined. In decreasing 5 mm measurements, single and double graft sizes were determined using standard surgical graft size technique. Geometric calculations based on average graft thickness were used to mathematically confirm the graft size of the ITB. Results The ITB is less than 1 mm in thickness in males and females. Cadaveric measurements were less than 1 mm larger than mathematical measurements, in majority of measurements. In adults, ITB autograft can be harvested to a maximum 9 mm single stranded graft or >12 mm doubled graft. A minimum of 50 mm of ITB width is required to make a 8 mm graft. Conclusions ITB is a versatile graft that can be considered when a large amount autograft tissue is required. Partial vs whole width ITB should be considered based on patient age, graft size desired, and technical requirements of the graft. Clinical Relevance Surgeons have a quick reference for the width of ITB they should harvest based on the size of graft they require for a successful surgery.
Towards precision medicine: advances in 5‐hydroxymethylcytosine cancer biomarker discovery in liquid biopsy
Authors: Zeng Chang , Stroup Emily Kunce , Zhang Zhou , Chiu Brian C.‐H. , Zhang Wei 
Published: March 2019

AbstractRobust and clinically convenient biomarkers for cancer diagnosis, early detection, and prognosis have great potential to improve patient survival and are the key to precision medicine. The advent of next‐generation sequencing technologies enables a more sensitive and comprehensive profiling of genetic and epigenetic information in tumor‐derived materials. Researchers are now able to monitor the dynamics of tumorigenesis in new dimensions, such as using circulating cell‐free DNA (cfDNA) and tumor DNA (ctDNA). Mutation‐based assays in liquid biopsy cannot always provide consistent results across studies due partly to intra‐ and inter‐tumoral heterogeneity as well as technical limitations. In contrast, epigenetic analysis of patient‐derived cfDNA is a promising alternative, especially for early detection and disease surveillance, because epigenetic modifications are tissue‐specific and reflect the dynamic process of cancer progression. Therefore, cfDNA‐based epigenetic assays are emerging to be a highly sensitive, minimally invasive tool for cancer diagnosis and prognosis with great potential in future precise care of cancer patients. The major obstacle for applying epigenetic analysis of cfDNA, however, has been the lack of enabling techniques with high sensitivity and technical robustness. In this review, we summarized the advances in epigenome‐wide profiling of 5‐hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) in cfDNA, focusing on the detection approaches and potential role as biomarkers in different cancer types.
Clinicopathologic Characteristics and Treatment Outcomes of Patients With Up-Front Metastatic Breast Cancer: Single-Center Experience in India
Authors: Gogia Ajay , Deo Suryanarayana Vishnu S. , Sharma Dayanand , Thulkar Sanjay , Kumar Rakesh , Malik Prabhat S. , Mathur Sandeep 
Published: March 2019

PURPOSE Approximately 5% to 10% of patients with breast cancer present with up-front metastasis and carry a poor prognosis (5-year survival rates of approximately 20%). To date, little is known about the long-term outcome of patients with metastatic breast cancer from developing nations. MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed an ambispective review of approximately 1,800 patients who were registered in breast cancer clinics between January 2012 and August 2018. Approximately 410 (22.8%) patients presented with up-front metastasis. Out of 410, 375 were considered for additional analysis. Clinical, pathologic, and radiologic details were obtained from the medical records. RESULTS Median age of presentation was 49 years (range, 22 to 80 years), and median duration of symptoms was 6 months (interquartile range, 3-12 months). Baseline receptor status suggested that 234 patients (62.4%) were hormone receptor (HR) positive, 145 (38.6%) were human epidermal growth factor receptor positive, and 69 (18.6%) had triple-negative breast cancer. Various sites of metastasis were: visceral 219 (58.4%), bone only 100 (26.7%), nonregional lymph node metastasis 21 (5.6%), brain 10 (2.7%), and others 25 (5.8%). Approximately 309 patients (82.4%) received up-front chemotherapy, 192 HR-positive patients (82.1%) received endocrine therapy, and 78 human epidermal growth factor receptor–positive patients (53.8%) received targeted agents. Median progression-free survival was 14.2 months (95% CI, 12.7 to 16.8 months), and median overall survival (OS) was 31.7 months (95% CI, 25.8 to 38.2 months) for the cohort. Median time of follow-up was 22.2 months. On multivariable Cox regression analysis, HR-positive disease, good performance status (0 or 1), and oligometastasis were associated with better OS, whereas triple-negative breast cancer and liver and brain metastasis were associated with inferior OS. CONCLUSION This is the first comprehensive study, to our knowledge, of metastatic breast cancer from India. HR-positive status, oligometastasis, and good performance status were associated with better outcomes.
Should Objective Structured Clinical Examinations Assist the Clinical Competency Committee in Assigning Anesthesiology Milestones Competency?
Authors: Rebel Annette , DiLorenzo Amy , Nguyen Dung , Horvath Ivan , McEvoy Matthew D. , Fragneto Regina Y. , Dority Jeremy S. , Rose Greg L. , Schell Randall M. 
Published: March 2019

BACKGROUND:
With the integration of Objective Structured Clinical Examinations into the Anesthesiology primary board certification process, residency programs may choose to implement Objective Structured Clinical Examinations for resident skill assessment. The aim of this study was to evaluate Objective Structured Clinical Examination–based milestone assessment and compare with Clinical Competency Committee milestone assessment that is based purely on clinical evaluations.

METHODS:
An annual Objective Structured Clinical Examination event was used to obtain milestone assessment of clinical anesthesia year 0–clinical anesthesia year 3 residents for selected milestones in patient care, professionalism, and interpersonal/communication skills. The Objective Structured Clinical Examination scenarios were different for each training level. The Clinical Competency Committee evaluated each resident semiannually based on clinical evaluations of resident performance. The Clinical Competency Committee milestone assessments from 2014 to 2016 that were recorded closest to the Objective Structured Clinical Examination event (±3 months) were compared to the Objective Structured Clinical Examination milestone assessments. A total of 35 residents were included in this analysis in 3 different training cohorts: A (graduates 2016, n = 12); B (graduates 2017, n = 10); and C (graduates 2018, n = 13). All residents participated in Objective Structured Clinical Examinations because their clinical anesthesia year 0 year and Clinical Competency Committee milestone data had been reported since December 2014.

RESULTS:
Both assessment techniques indicated a competency growth proportional to the length in training. Despite limited cumulative statistics in this study, average trends in the Objective Structured Clinical Examination–Clinical Competency Committee relationship indicated: (1) a good proportionality in reflecting competency growth; (2) a grade enhancement associated with Clinical Competency Committee assessment, dominated by evaluations of junior residents (clinical anesthesia year 0–clinical anesthesia year 1); and (3) an expectation bias in Clinical Competency Committee assessment, dominated by evaluation of senior residents (clinical anesthesia year 2–clinical anesthesia year 3).

CONCLUSIONS:
Our analysis confirms the compatibility of the 2 evaluation methods in reflecting longitudinal growth. The deviation of Objective Structured Clinical Examination assessments versus Clinical Competency Committee assessments suggests that Objective Structured Clinical Examinations may be providing additional or different information on resident performance. Educators might consider using both assessment methods to provide the most reliable and valid competency assessments during residency.
Physiological Responses of Male and Female Race Car Drivers during Competition
Authors: FERGUSON DAVID P. , BARTHEL SAMUEL C. , PRUETT MONTANA L. , BUCKINGHAM TODD M. , WAASO PEYTON R. 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTAutomobile racing is one of the largest spectator sports in the world with male and female drivers competing together. Popular media has speculated on the relative capabilities of males and females in automobile racing, yet there are no scientific investigations examining physiological responses to racing among males and females.Purpose1) To evaluate the physiological responses of male and female drivers in open and closed cockpit race cars, 2) to examine the moderating influence of menstrual cycle phase on physiological responses to racing among female drivers.MethodsHR, breathing rate, skin temperature, core temperature, and Physiological Strain Index (PSI) were measured using the Equivital Life Monitor in male (n= 6) and female (n= 6) drivers at three races in open or closed cockpit cars. Among females, menstrual cycle phase for each race was recorded.ResultsDuring racing conditions there was no difference (P> 0.05) between male and female drivers for HR, skin temperature, core temperature, or PSI. The female drivers had a higher (P< 0.001) breathing rate compared with the male drivers. Compared with the follicular phase, the luteal phase had an increased (P< 0.001) HR, breathing rate, skin temperature, core temperature, and PSI. The closed cockpit cars elicited (P< 0.001) a higher skin temperature, core temperature and PSI as compared with the open cockpit cars.ConclusionsThere were no differences in the physiological responses to automobile racing between male and female drivers. The luteal phase elicited higher physiological responses than the follicular phase, but was not different from the male drivers. Thereby, practitioners should focus on reducing stresses induced by a closed cockpit race car as opposed to the menstrual cycle.