bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accounting for Correlations When Fitting Extra Cosmological Parameters
Authors: Huang Y. , Addison G. E. , Bennett C. L. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Current cosmological tensions motivate investigating extensions to the standard Λ cold dark matter (ΛCDM) model. Additional model parameters are typically varied one or two at a time, in a series of separate tests. The purpose of this paper is to highlight that information is lost by not also examining the correlations between these additional parameters, which arise when their effects on model predictions are similar even if the parameters are not varied simultaneously. We show how these correlations can be quantified with simulations and Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods. As an example, we assume that ΛCDM is the true underlying model, and calculate the correlations expected between the phenomenological lensing amplitude parameter, A

L
, the running of the spectral index, n
run, and the primordial helium mass fraction, Y

P
, when these parameters are varied one at a time along with the ΛCDM parameters in fits to the Planck 2015 temperature power spectrum. These correlations are not small, ranging from 0.31 (A

L
−n
run) to −0.93 (n
run–Y

P
). We find that the values of these three parameters from the Planck data are consistent with ΛCDM expectations within 0.9σ when the correlations are accounted for. This does not explain the 1.8–2.7σ
Planck preference for A

L
> 1, but provides an additional ΛCDM consistency test. For example, if A

L
> 1 was a symptom of an underlying systematic error or some real but unknown physical effect that also produced spurious correlations with n
run or Y

P
our test might have revealed this. We recommend that future cosmological analyses examine correlations between additional model parameters in addition to investigating them separately, one a time.
Vers la structuration d’un pôle anarcho-syndicaliste international, 1915-1921 : idées, rencontres, organisations
Authors: Guinchard François 
Published: September 2019

À la lumière de publications récentes, cet article retrace le processus de constitution d’un mouvement « anarcho-syndicaliste », en repartant de tendances préexistantes, et en suivant l’évolution de cette expression, de son usage d’abord disqualifiant en moyen d’autodésignation. Il montre comment après 1917, dans le contexte d’une poussée révolutionnaire internationale sans précédent, et en réaction à la volonté d’hégémonie du léninisme, en Russie par la dictature et dans le monde à travers l’Internationale communiste, le mouvement syndicaliste révolutionnaire s’est polarisé, puis fracturé entre une partie se ralliant au marxisme tandis que l’autre précisait le caractère anti-autoritaire et fédéraliste de sa démarche.
La philosophie sociale comme théorie critique : ordre, pratique, sujet
Authors: Saar Martin , Genel Katia , Tain Jean 
Published: September 2019

Proposant à la philosophie sociale une nouvelle détermination relationnelle de son objet, Michel Saar expose dans cet article, sous la forme d’une grille de concepts, l’armature théorique permettant d’analyser conjointement plusieurs sens du « social », différenciés dans des relations d’« ordre », de « pratiques », et de « sujets sociaux ». À ces relations correspondent respectivement trois formes de pouvoir relativement spécifiques, dont les possibilités d’altération et de transformation lient l’orientation critique de la philosophie sociale au projet d’une politique émancipatrice.
Une forme d’expression des processus de contagion familiale : le mensonge
Authors: Chapellon Sébastien , Gontier Élisabeth 
Published: September 2019

Le sujet dit « menteur » installe inconsciemment un mode de communication infraverbal avec ses interlocuteurs. Tout en falsifiant intentionnellement la réalité, il externalise un aspect authentique de sa réalité interne. Le recours à ce procédé de langage lui permet de transmettre sa propre expérience traumatique aux autres, en la leur faisant inconsciemment vivre, mettant fréquemment en scène une souffrance familiale non perceptible. Les jeunes menteurs se font notamment les porte-parole du caractère pathogène de certains phénomènes de contagion psychique qui assurent la cohésion du groupe familial. Ils cherchent à s’en extraire, faisant inconsciemment écho aux tabous familiaux qui polluent leur vie mentale. Le mensonge possède en cela une dimension messagère. L’exemple d’une adolescente ayant faussement accusé son père d’attouchements montre que cet « acte-parlé » constitue un effort du sujet pour repousser les autres hors de sa vie psychique, en vue de pallier le vécu d’annexion psychique que la proximité avec eux lui fait ressentir. Le thérapeute familial psychanalytique, en prenant en compte ce symptôme, peut accompagner les membres de la famille vers une réorganisation de leurs liens, en offrant la possibilité de dévoiler des secrets parentaux aliénants.
Verandering van de demografische structuren en van de geografie van de Europeanen in Brussel tussen 2000 en 2018
Authors: Casier Charlotte 
Published: September 2019

In 2018 waren er 275 000 onderdanen van de Europese Unie in het Brussels Hoofdstedelijk Gewest, ofwel 23 % van de bevolking die in het Brussels Gewest gedomicilieerd is. Dit is het gevolg van de aanhoudende stijging van de omvang van deze groep tussen 2000 en 2018 door de sterke immigratie vanuit de nieuwe EU-lidstaten, maar ook de constante toename van het aantal Fransen en de herneming van de migratie vanuit Zuid-Europa sinds 2008. Op geografisch gebied is de aanwezigheid van Europeanen tussen 2000 en 2015 toegenomen in het zuidoosten van de eerste stadsgordel, hoewel de sterke toename van Polen, Roemenen en Bulgaren tegelijkertijd bijdraagt tot de versterking van de Europese aanwezigheid in bepaalde wijken in het westen van Brussel.
Peut-on parler d’un « âge d’or » de la réhabilitation en matière pénale ? Sens et usages de l’idéal de réhabilitation dans une réforme pénale brésilienne
Authors: Raupp Mariana 
Published: September 2019

Le constat que la réhabilitation fut l’orientation pénale dominante dans le monde occidental pendant la période dite des Trente Glorieuses est très répandu dans la littérature criminologique, mais rarement documenté par les recherches empiriques. On en sait peu sur les pratiques législatives, judiciaires ou correctionnelles que cet idéal fondait. Cet article veut apporter un nouvel éclairage sur ce constat à partir de l’étude des différents usages du discours de la réhabilitation dans une commission de réforme pénale active dans les années 1980 au Brésil et considérée comme progressiste. À partir de l’analyse de documents de réflexion et de propositions législatives élaborés par cette commission ainsi que d’entretiens avec ses membres, notre recherche montre que les réformateurs ont adressé la réhabilitation au système politique et aux tribunaux. Destinée au système politique, la réhabilitation fut très valorisée et signifiait améliorer les conditions de vie dans les prisons. Destinée aux tribunaux lors de la détermination et de l’aménagement de la peine, elle fut très dévalorisée et marginalisée au profit de la rétribution et de la dissuasion. Ces résultats suggèrent que les réformateurs déresponsabilisent les tribunaux de tenir compte de l’inclusion sociale du justiciable ; cela reste une préoccupation pour le système politique qui doit mettre en place des programmes favorisant leur resocialisation. Lorsque la réhabilitation est placée dans la prise de décision sur la peine, et donc une affaire du droit criminel, sa portée demeure très limitée et elle n’y joue pas un rôle dominant.
Gender Differences in Retention and Promotion Among Generalists Who Graduated From Research-Intensive Fellowships
Authors: Chaiyachati Krisda H. , Liao Joshua M. , Weissman Gary E. , Hubbard Rebecca A. , Morgan Anna U. , Buehler Anna , Shea Judy A. , Armstrong Katrina A. 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT

Background
Generalists who pursue research-intensive fellowships develop research skills and mentor-mentee relationships. Whether gender disparities in retention and promotion exist among this research-trained cohort is understudied.

Objective
We measured whether disparities exist among graduates of research-intensive fellowships and how mentorship influences them.

Methods
We surveyed generalists (internal medicine, pediatrics, family medicine, combined internal medicine–pediatrics) between July and August 2016 who graduated from research-intensive fellowships. Generalists (“mentees”) were asked whether they remained or were promoted, and to name up to 10 influential mentors during or within 5 years of fellowship. Multivariable logistic regression estimated associations between mentee gender and retention and promotion. Next, we separately included 3 network characteristics: (1) mentee degrees (number of mentors reported per mentee); (2) mean mentor betweenness centrality (importance of each mentor within the network); and (3) largest community membership (mentee status in the largest interconnected mentor-mentee group within the network). All models adjusted for generalists' race, specialty, fellowship institution, and publications.

Results
One hundred sixty-two graduates (51%) representing 19 institutions responded. In adjusted analyses, compared to men, women were as likely to remain in academic medicine (odds ratio [OR] 1.88; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.72–4.89; P = .20), but less likely to be promoted within 5 years of fellowship (OR 0.26; 95% CI 0.09–0.80; P = .018). Inclusion of network measures did not alter these associations.

Conclusions
Despite remaining in academic medicine as frequently as their male counterparts, fellowship-trained women were promoted less often. Features of mentors, measured using network analysis, may not explain these observed differences.
Good Clinical Practices toward Safe Blood Transfusion: A Study of Blood Transfusion Process and providing Suggestions for streamlining the Same
Authors: Shrivastava Akash A , Somu G , Dayananda M 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Wrong blood transfusion (BT) is a medical negligence. Every hospital must have a strong policy to check incorrect BT and see to it that these policies are strictly implemented at the time of transfusion.
Wrong BT can occur due to carelessness of the staff and shortcomings in verification of the blood bag. The reasons can be avoided and wrong BT can be prevented by the formation of a checklist consisting of the important details to be verified before initiating transfusion. The checklist should not be very long and time-consuming, but very comprehensive and consists of only absolutely essential things to be checked.

Aim
To study the BT process and providing suggestions for streamlining the process of BT.

Objectives
• To analyze the nears miss incidents during BT.
• To identify the errors in the process of transfusion.
• To streamline the process by introducing checklist/work instructions for reducing errors.

Materials and methods
• Analysis of safety reports regarding BT.
• Process-based root cause analysis was done at the time of issue and at ward level.
• Feedback regarding BT was taken from the staff working at blood bank and nursing professionals.
The study was divided into two phases:
Phase 1: January—April 2014
Phase 2: May—August 2014
All the reports from phase 1 of the study were analyzed. Based on the observations, interventions in the form of checklist and work instructions to the nursing staff were implemented in the hospital in the month of April and then the safety reports for the next 4 months were analyzed.
Interventions done: A “4C” checklist was created with just four elements that could be orally or mentally reviewed before beginning transfusion. Specific work instructions were also issued to the nursing staff at the ward level to prevent any errors during labeling of the samples being sent for cross match and blood grouping before BT.

Results
The number of BT-related safety incidents observed in phase 1 reduced in phase 2 though the workload in terms of samples received remained comparable for the two phases. However, a declining trend for the reporting of incidents was also seen through the phases.

How to cite this article
Shrivastava AA, Somu G, Dayananda M. Good Clinical Practices toward Safe Blood Transfusion: A Study of Blood Transfusion Process and providing Suggestions for streamlining the Same. Int J Res Foundation Hosp Healthc Adm 2016;4(1):1-4.
Use of CRABEL Scores to improve Quality of Medical Records Documentation in Hospitals
Authors: Raza Arif 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT

Introduction
This study is based on an approach employed by a medical college hospital for improving the adequacy of documentation in their medical records. The hospital utilized CRABEL scoring tool to screen and score their medical records and then used this information as a feedback to their clinical departments for encouraging them to improve their record documentation.

Aim
The study aims to determine whether the approach of the hospital resulted in any significant change in adequacy of their medical record documentation.

Materials and methods
Baseline sample of 250 current medical records (stratified random) from four clinical departments were scored using CRABEL scoring method to determine baseline average score and number of files with high scores (score > 0.85). Feedbacks on scores were given to departments, along with the information on areas for improvement. Scoring and feedback were repeated every month for six consecutive months, with sample size of 230 to 271. Trends in average score and number of files with high scores were observed. Difference between average scores of baseline sample and sample at the end of 6 months was statistically tested. Number of files with high scores, in departments where approach was carried out was compared with number of files with high scores, in departments were approach was not carried out, to check statistically significant difference, if any

Results
The trend showed a continuous monthly improvement in both average scores and number of files with high scores. Improvement was found in files of all clinical departments with minor variations. The chi-square test and Student's t test showed a significant difference at p < 0.05 (p for chi square — 0.001 and for t-test — 0.04).

Conclusion
The hospital's approach was found to be successful in improving the adequacy of documentation in medical records.

Clinical significance
Medical record constitutes the most important record in a clinical setting. Completeness of medical record is essential for proper patient care, but is a challenge in most organization. The approach has proven successful in this study and can be replicated in other settings for improvement.

How to cite this article
Raza A. Use of CRABEL Scores to improve Quality of Medical Records Documentation in Hospitals. Int J Res Foundation Hosp Healthc Adm 2016;4(1):5-10.
A Small Nudge can make a Difference: Impact of Passive Feedback on Prescription Behavior
Authors: Sharma DK 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT
It is generally believed that big changes can be brought about by big interventions. Sometimes, small interventions also can show spectacular results. This case describes the impact of simple intervention, audit and feedback on change in the behavior of clinicians. In this case, the impact of simple intervention in the form of passive feedback has been documented. All the prescriptions received in pharmacy during the period of study were scrutinized for specific prescription errors. An overall error rate of 0.12% was observed in phase 1 of the study, which was reduced to 0.04% during phase 2 of the study after implementation of the intervention, which further dropped to zero during phase 3. It was concluded that a simple audit and feedback nudged the recipients of the feedback to modify their behavior.

How to cite this article
Tadia VK, Ahlawat R, Arya SK, Sharma DK. A Small Nudge can make a Difference: Impact of Passive Feedback on Prescription Behavior. Int J Res Foundation Hosp Health Adm 2016;4(1):31-34.
A Comparative Study of Addition of Midazolam to Lignocaine—Bupivacaine vs only Lignocaine— Bupivacaine in Brachial Plexus Block
Authors: Dalvi Naina P , Salunkhay Harshali , Mohite Shubha N 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTIntroductionThis prospective, randomized, double-blind study compared the onset and duration of sensory blockade, motor blockade, and analgesia with lignocaine, bupivacaine, and midazolam combination vs only lignocaine, bupivacaine in brachial plexus block.Materials and methodsPatients of either sex, aged 18–60 years, American Society of Anesthesiologists grade I/II, posted for upper limb surgeries to be performed under supraclavicular brachial plexus block with the help of peripheral nerve stimulator were administered either 10 ml 0.5% bupivacaine with 50 μg/kg midazolam (preservative free) + 20 ml 2% lignocaine with adrenaline (1:200,000) in Group lignocaine– bupivacaine–midazolam (LBM) or 10 ml 0.5% bupivacaine + 20 ml 2% lignocaine with adrenaline (1:200,000) in Group lignocaine–bupivacaine (LB).Onset and duration of sensory and motor blockade were monitored. Postoperative analgesia was graded with visual analog scale. Sedation was monitored with Ramsey sedation score.ResultsA total of 60 patients were randomized to the group LBM (n = 30) and group LB (n = 30). The analgesia was significantly prolonged in the study group, with a mean of 11.72 ± 1.924 hours as compared with a mean of 6.383 ± 1.031 hours in the control group. Sedation scores were higher in the study group, that is, group LBM compared to group LB postoperatively.ConclusionIn conclusion, midazolam when added to bupivacaine and adrenalized lignocaine for supraclavicular brachial plexus block hastens the onset of sensory and motor blockade. This combination improves analgesia, as manifested by lower pain scores and prolonged duration of analgesia.How to cite this articleDalvi NP, Salunkhay H, Mohite SN. A Comparative Study of Addition of Midazolam to Lignocaine–Bupivacainevsonly Lignocaine–Bupivacaine in Brachial Plexus Block. Res Inno in Anaesth 2016;1(1):5-9.
A Study of Noninvasive Cardiac Output and Other Cardiorespiratory Parameters in Various Neurosurgical Positions
Authors: Karnik Hemangi S , Nerurkar Aparna A , Bawankule Nishant 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTBackgroundNeurosurgical patients are operated in supine, prone, lateral, and sitting positions, which cause physiological changes in cardiorespiratory parameters. Noninvasive cardiac output (NICO) monitor developed by Novametrix Medical System Inc is a noninvasive cardiac output monitor, which also measures and displays other parameters like stroke volume, cardiac index, pulmonary capillary blood flow, alveolar and dead space ventilation, peak flow rates, airway pressures, and respiratory volumes. We felt that a study using the NICO monitor in anesthetized patients undergoing neurosurgery in different positions would quantify the cardiopulmonary changes, identify risk factors, and improve intraoperative management.Materials and methodsA total of 40 consecutive patients undergoing neurosurgical procedures—20 in prone, 16 in lateral and 4 in sitting position—were studied. The hemodynamic and cardiorespiratory parameters were noted in supine position about 15 minutes after induction of general anesthesia using standard protocol and 15 minutes after giving surgical position using NICO monitor.ConclusionWe conclude that under anesthesia, the prone and sitting positions negatively affect derived cardiac parameters like cardiac output, cardiac index, and stroke volume, and lateral position tends to improve these parameters while the respiratory parameters are not significantly affected.How to cite this articleKarnik HS, Nerurkar AA, Bawankule N. A Study of Noninvasive Cardiac Output and Other Cardiorespiratory Parameters in Various Neurosurgical Positions. Res Inno Anaesth 2016;1(1):19-24.
A Rare Complication in Ultrasound-guided Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block
Authors: Sahu Sindil Kumar , Badole Usha 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT
Orthopaedic upper limb surgeries are commonly performed under brachial plexus block. Ultrasound guidance significantly improves the quality of nerve block with lesser number of complications, although complications cannot be eliminated completely. Ipsilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy is a rare complication associated with supraclavicular approach. We report a case of 28 year old female who developed hoarseness of voice following ultrasound guided supraclavicular brachial plexus block. The diagnosis of ipsilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy requires a high index of suspicion and it should always be kept in differential diagnosis when a patient develops hoarseness of voice or respiratory compromise after supraclavicular brachial plexus block.

How to cite the article
Sahu SK, Badole U. A Rare Complication in Ultrasound-guided Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block. Res Inno Anaesth 2016;1(1):30-31.
Comparison of Effect of Intrathecal Fentanyl-bupivacaine and Tramadol-bupivacaine Combination on Postoperative Analgesia in Lower Abdominal Surgeries
Authors: Dalvi Naina P , Patil Narendra 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTIntroductionThis single-center, prospective, randomized, double-blind study compares the effect of intrathecal fentanylbupivacaine and tramadol-bupivacaine on the onset and duration of sensory and motor blockade, as well as postoperative analgesia in lower abdominal surgeries.Materials and methodsPatients of either sex, aged 18 to 60 years, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grade I/II undergoing lower abdominal surgeries like appendicectomy, inguinal hernia repair surgery, and hydrocele surgery were administered either 2.5 mL of 0.5% bupivacaine + 0.5 mL (25 μg) of fentanyl citrate (group F) or 2.5 mL of 0.5% bupivacaine + 0.5 mL (25 mg) of tramadol (group T) intrathecally.Monitoring of the vital parameters, onset and duration of sensory and motor block, duration of postoperative analgesia, visual analog scale (VAS) score, sedation score, and any adverse drug reactions was done at predetermined intervals.ResultsSixty patients were randomized to the group F (n = 30) and group T (n = 30). The duration of sensory blockade was significantly prolonged in group F (314.66 ± 49.25 minutes) as compared to group T (261.66 ± 27.92 minutes). Similarly, duration of motor blockade was longer in group F (263.66 ± 40.97 minutes) compared to group T (214.66 ± 26.61 minutes). The total duration of analgesia was significantly prolonged (p < 0.001) in group F (412 ± 97.888 minutes) compared to group T (301 ± 38.75 minutes).Hemodynamic parameters, such as pulse, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and oxygen saturation were comparable in both the groups. Visual analog scores were significantly lower in the group F patients as compared to the group T patients. The group F patients had got significantly higher sedation scores as compared to Group T patients.DiscussionFentanyl 25 μg, when added to 2.5 mL of 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine, confers prolonged duration of sensory and motor blockade than 25 mg tramadol added to 2.5 mL of 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine. The bupivacaine-fentanyl combination prolonged duration of sensory and motor blockade, improved analgesia, as manifested by lower pain scores, and prolonged duration of postoperative analgesia.How to cite this articleDalvi NP, Patil N. Comparison of Effect of Intrathecal Fentanyl-bupivacaine and Tramadol-bupivacaine Combination on Postoperative Analgesia in Lower Abdominal Surgeries. Res Inno in Anesth 2016;1(2):35-40.