bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Standing Wave Meters and Network Analyzers
Authors: Schiek Burkhard , Gronefeld Andreas 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis article will present a number of measurement systems for the determination of reflection coefficients (one‐port network analyzer or reflectometer) and for full characterization of two‐port networks. Although the concept ofS‐parameters is easily extended toN‐ports, measurement of networks with more than two ports will not be covered, because most commercially available hardware is built for two‐port measurements and can be used to characterizeN‐ports by simply terminating the unused N‐2 ports inZ0.
Dielectric Resonator Filters
Authors: Bila S. , Baillargeat D. , Verdeyme S. , Guillon P. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDielectric resonators (DRs) are widely used in microwave circuitry since these components offer a higher integration than do classical empty waveguides and, at particular frequency bands, equivalent electrical performances. This article deals with the design of bandpass microwave filters employing DRs. The electrical characteristic parameters of these circuits are introduced in the first section. In the second section, different topologies of microwave filters using cylindrical DRs are described. The third section is a review of particular applications of DRs in microwave filtering: power handling, out‐of‐band rejection, and high frequency. Finally, the last section proposes an electromagnetic optimisation methodology for the design of DR filters.
Load‐Pull Techniques
Authors: Teppati Valeria , Ferrero Andrea , Pisani Umberto , Colantonio Paolo , Giannini Franco , Limiti Ernesto 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis contribution is an overview on classic and advanced load‐pull measurement techniques. The definition of the main measured quantities along with the detailed description of several modern test sets will be given. Furthermore, several experimental results are reported to highlight the applicability and utility of these techniques for modern device development.
Piezoelectric Transducer Controlled Circuits
Authors: Yun Tae-Yeoul 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis article introduces a new method for tuning microwave circuits of phase shifters, filters, resonators, and oscillators, controlled by a piezoelectric transducer (PET ), with computational and experimental results. An optimized PET ‐controlled phase shifter is demonstrated to operate up to 40 GHz with a maximum total loss of 4 dB and phase shift of 480°. PET controlled tunable bandpass filter, ring resonator, and one‐dimensional (1D) photonic bandgap (PBG ) resonator show a very wide tuning bandwidth of 17.5–28.5% near 10 GHz with little performance degradation. A new PET ‐controlled or voltage‐controlled dielectric resonator oscillator (VCDRO ) is demonstrated with a tuning bandwidth of 3.7% at the center frequency of 11.78 GHz. The tuning bandwidth is slightly less than that of a mechanical tuning using a micrometer‐head‐controlled tunable DRO with a tuning bandwidth of 4.7%. The new tuning method should have many applications in monolithic and hybrid microwave integrated circuits.
Slotline Components
Authors: Fan Lu , Chang Kai 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis article first discusses the fundamental slotline elements such as various T junctions, resonators, and transitions. After these general topics, several kinds of passive slotline integrated circuits are presented through a discussion of filters, hybrid couplers, and nonreciprocal devices. Finally, the applications of slotline to solid‐state integrated circuits, that is, mixers, oscillators, modulators, and frequency doublers, are described. These applications are supported by real circuit demonstrations and actual circuit performances. The implementation of solid‐state devices for the tuning and switching of resonances is also discussed.
Spatial and Quasi‐Optical Power Combining
Authors: Navarro Julio A. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSpatial and Quasi‐Optical Power Combining by Dr. Julio A. Navarro reviews the early history of radar and some critical microwave sources and components which have made the concept viable and successful since its conception. The contribution provides background to the field by referencing power combining review papers and spatial power combining textbooks. This work also references significant contributors to active antennas and power combining in the past decade. The article updates major improvements in the field since the mid‐1990s when the first textbook on the subject was written. The contribution lists key qualities and figures‐of‐merit to gauge the success of on‐going research and adequately compare its results with others in the field. These qualities are described along with methods for calculation to assist newcomers working in the field. Additional areas for research are briefly described to highlight some of the more recent off‐shoots of this field.
Direction of Arrival Estimation and Adaptive Processing Using a Conformal Phased Array
Authors: Sarkar Tapan K. , Salazar-Palma Magdalena 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe objective of this article is to present a general methodology for carrying out direction of arrival (DoA) estimation and adaptive processing using conformal arrays. The antenna elements in a conformal array can be unequally spaced, and they need not be situated over a planar surface. In addition, the antenna elements can have a directive gain. The goal is to present a signal processing methodology coupled with electromagnetic physics that can deal with nonuniformly spaced directive antenna elements over a conformal surface.
Circuit Stability
Authors: Svoboda James A. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Stability is a property of well‐behaved circuits and systems. Typically, stability is discussed in terms of feedback systems. Well‐established techniques, such as Nyquist plots, Bode diagrams, and root locus plots, are available for studying the stability of feedback systems. Electric circuits can be represented as feedback systems. Nyquist plots, Bode diagrams, and root locus plots can then be used to study the stability of electric circuits.
Noise Generators
Authors: Upadhyaya Shambhu J. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractNoise has been studied extensively in the literature because noise reduction is one of the major goals. A more compelling reason for the study of noise is its potential application in real life. These applications encompass biomedical engineering, electronic circuits, communication systems, cryptography, computers, electro‐acoustics, geosciences, instrumentation, and reliability engineering. This article addresses the various noise generation techniques and implementing them in analog and digital circuit technology and concludes with a discussion of typical applications.
Multi‐Level High Entropy‐Dissipative Structure Enables Efficient Self‐Decoupling of Triple Signals
Authors: Li Shenghong , Wu Binkai , Wang Shaobing , Jiang Mengting , Pan Chundi , Dong Yanjuan , Xu Weiqiang , Yu Houyong , Tam Kam Chiu 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe theory of high entropy‐dissipative structure is confined to high‐entropy alloys and their oxide materials under harsh conditions, but it is very difficult to obtain high entropy‐dissipative structure for smart sensors based on polymers and metal oxides under mild conditions. Moreover, multiple signal coupling effect heavily hinder the sensor applications, and current multimodal integrated devices can solve two signal‐decoupling, but need very complicated process way. In this work, new synthesis concept is the first time to fabricate high entropy‐dissipative conductive layer of smart sensors with triple‐signal response and self‐decoupling ability within poly‐pyrrole/zinc oxide (PPy/ZnO) system. The sensor (SPZ20) amplifies pressure (17.54%/kPa) and gas (0.37%/ppm), reduces humidity (0.41%/% RH) and temperature (0.12%/°C) signals, simultaneously achieving the triple self‐decoupling effect of pressure and gas in the complex temperature‐humidity field because of the enlarged pressure‐contact area, enhanced gas‐responsive sites, altered vapor path and its own heat insulation function. Additionally, it inherits the strong robustness (500 rubbing, washing, and heating or freezing cycles) and endurance (10 000 photo‐purification cycles) of traditional high‐entropy materials for information transmission and smart alarms in emergencies or harsh environments. This work gives a new insight into the multiple‐signal response and smart flexible electronic design from natural fibers.
T#2‐Li0.69CoO2: A Durable, High‐Capacity, High‐Rate Cathode Material for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Zuo Yuxuan , Liu Jiahui , Wang Hangchao , Zou Ying , Luo Tie , Zhang Kun , Yang Yali , Gao Chuan , Li Biao , Sun Qiang , Xia Dingguo 
Published: November 2024

AbstractEfficient utilization of resources is crucial for the sustainable development of the lithium‐ion battery industry. Although the traditional Rm space group LiCoO2 can provide a current advanced discharge capacity of 215–220 mAh g⁻¹ at an upper cut‐off voltage of 4.6 V (relative to Li⁺/Li), it still falls far short of its theoretical specific capacity of 273 mAh g⁻¹, and exhibits structural instability and labile oxygen loss, leading to rapid capacity degradation. T#2‐Li0.69CoO2 is synthesized with Cmca space group and Li─O tetrahedral coordination. Owing to the unique Li─O tetrahedral coordination structure and the dominant cobalt oxidation under high voltage, T#2‐Li0.69CoO2 delivers an ultra‐high specific capacity of 258 mAh g−1, close to the theoretical capacity, in liquid electrolyte batteries and 253 mAh g−1 in solid state batteries, overcoming the structural instability of layered oxide cathodes during charging and discharging processes. This study broadens the possibilities of creating high energy‐density cathodes for next‐generation Li‐ion batteries.
Zero‐Strain Metal‐Insulator Transition by the Local Fluctuation of Cation Dimerization
Authors: Park Yunkyu , Sim Hyeji , Lee Sungwon , Park Won‐Woo , Hwang Jaejin , Hur Pyeongkang , Lee Yujeong , Lee Dong Kyu , Song Kyung , Lee Jaekwang , Kwon Oh‐Hoon , Choi Si‐Young , Son Junwoo 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe coupled electronic and structural transitions in metal‐insulator transition (MIT) hinder ultrafast switching and ultimate endurance. Decoupling these transitions and achieving a zero‐strain electronic MIT can overcome the fundamental limitations of MIT in solid materials. Here, this study demonstrates that iso‐valent Ti dopants in supercooled VO2 epitaxial films cause MIT with minimal hysteresis without changing unit‐cell volume and crystal symmetry. The Ti dopants in the VO2 lattice locally alter the configuration of V‐V pairs, where the long‐range ordering in V‐V pairs is disrupted, and the nano‐domains of V‐V dimers are formed. Strikingly, these local V‐V dimers persist even above the electronic transition temperature (TMI), facilitating the zero‐strain electronic MIT with nanoscale structural heterogeneity. The geometrically compatible interface between insulating and metallic phases drastically enhances switching speed and endurance during electrically and optically driven zero‐strain MIT. This discovery offers a fresh perspective on the scientific understanding of MIT and the improved functionality in terms of device speed and reliability by decoupling electronic and structural transitions.
Base‐Promoted [4+3] Cycloadditions of N‐Thioacylimines with α‐Chlorohydroxamates: Construction of 1,3,5‐Thiadiazepin‐6(7H)‐One Derivatives
Authors: Liu Yu‐Di , Shao Yu‐Heng , He Zhao‐Lin , Wang Gang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractA metal‐free base‐promoted [4+3] cycloaddition reaction of N‐thioacyl imines in situ generated from α‐amido sulfones with α‐chlorohydroxamates is described. The reaction allows the straightforward synthesis of 1,3,5‐thiadiazepin‐6(7H)‐one derivatives in 44~90% yields. Moreover, a gram‐scale reaction and a product transformation were conducted, which further increased the diversity of products.
From gem‐Dichlorocyclobutenones to Cyclobutenols: Unveiling a Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Allylic Reduction‐Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation Cascade
Authors: Charron Olivier , Kosiuha Marharyta , Ratovelomanana‐Vidal Virginie , Phansavath Phannarath , Gontard Geoffrey , Meyer Christophe 
Published: November 2024

AbstractCyclobutenones constitute an appealing class of substrates in catalytic asymmetric transformations leading to diversely substituted enantioenriched four‐membered carbocycles, which are eliciting a growing interest in medicinal chemistry. Whilst several synthetically useful enantioselective conjugate addition reactions have been reported, the catalytic enantioselective reduction of the carbonyl group of simple cyclobutenones remains an elusive transformation. Herein, we disclose the discovery of a novel allylic reduction‐asymmetric transfer hydrogenation cascade, catalyzed by a Noyori‐Ikariya ruthenium complex, from readily available gem‐dichlorocyclobutenones, leading to 2‐chlorocyclobutenols with high optical purities, which can be engaged in postfunctionalization reactions enabling access to substituted four‐membered rings.
METTL16 is Required for Meiotic Sex Chromosome Inactivation and DSB Formation and Recombination during Male Meiosis
Authors: Yin Lisha , Jiang Nan , Xiong Wenjing , Yang Shiyu , Zhang Jin , Xiong Mengneng , Liu Kuan , Zhang Yuting , Xiong Xinxin , Gui Yiqian , Gao Huihui , Li Tao , Li Yi , Wang Xiaoli , Zhang Youzhi , Wang Fengli , Yuan Shuiqiao 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMeiosis in males is a critical process that ensures complete spermatogenesis and genetic diversity. However, the key regulators involved in this process and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we report an essential role of the m6A methyltransferase METTL16 in meiotic sex chromosome inactivation (MSCI), double‐strand break (DSB) formation, homologous recombination and SYCP1 deposition during male meiosis. METTL16 depletion results in a significantly upregulated transcriptome on sex chromosomes in pachytene spermatocytes and leads to reduced DSB formation and recombination, and increased SYCP1 depositioin during the first wave of spermatogenesis. Mechanistically, in pachytene spermatocytes, METTL16 interacts with MDC1/SCML2 to coordinate DNA damage response (DDR) and XY body epigenetic modifications that establish and maintain MSCI, and in early meiotic prophase I, METTL16 regulates DSB formation and recombination by regulating protein levels of meiosis‐related genes. Furthermore, multi‐omics analyses reveal that METTL16 interacts with translational factors and controls m6A levels in the RNAs of meiosis‐related genes (e.g., Ubr2) to regulate the expression of critical meiotic regulators. Collectively, this study identified METTL16 as a key regulator of male meiosis and demonstrated that it modulates meiosis by interacting with MSCI‐related factors and regulating m6A levels and translational efficiency (TE) of meiosis‐related genes.
Synthetic Retinoid Sulfarotene Selectively Inhibits Tumor‐Repopulating Cells of Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma via Disrupting Cytoskeleton by P‐Selectin/PSGL1 N‐Glycosylation Blockage
Authors: Du Xiaojing , Qi Zhuoran , Chen Sinuo , Wu Jinlan , Xu Ye , Hu Sunkuan , Yu Zhijie , Hou Jiayun , Fang Yuan , Xia Jinglin , Cao Xin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIntrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is a highly lethal malignancy that currently lacks effective clinical treatments. Eliminating stem cell‐like cancer cells is an extremely promising but challenging strategy for treating ICC. A recently developed synthetic retinoid, sulfarotene, abrogates proliferation, and induces apoptosis of tumor‐repopulating cells (TRCs) that exhibit stem cell‐like properties, yet its effect and underlying mechanisms remain elusive in ICC. It is found that although 5‐fluorouracil, cisplatin, pemigatinib, and gemcitabine all inhibit ICC‐TRCs, sulfarotene demonstrates superior efficacy. Sulfarotene induces retinoic acid receptor alpha (RARɑ) translocation from the cytoplasm to the nucleus, suppressing P‐selectin expression at the transcriptional level. Moreover, it directly interacts with fucosyltransferase 8 (FUT8), inhibiting the core fucosylation of P‐selectin glycoprotein ligand 1 (PSGL1). These actions collectively inhibit ICC‐TRCs via destroying PSGL1‐regulated cytoskeleton. The findings provide a strategy of inhibiting P‐selectin/PSGL1 interaction and altering PSGL1 glycosylation pattern to compromise the cytoskeletal integrity and eliminate ICC‐TRCs.
Cupric Doping Hollow Prussian Blue Nanoplatform for Enhanced Cholesterol Depletion: a Promising Strategy for Breast Cancer Therapy and Metastasis Inhibition
Authors: Yan Shuangqian , Xue Panpan , Sun Ying , Bai Tingjie , Shao Sijie , Zeng Xuemei 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe dysregulated cholesterol metabolism in breast cancer cells drives malignancy, invasion, and metastasis, emphasizing the significance of reducing abnormal cholesterol accumulation for effective cancer treatment and metastasis inhibition. Despite its promise, cholesterol oxidase (ChOx) encounters challenge due to limited catalytic efficiency and susceptibility to harsh conditions. To overcome these hurdles, biocompatible nanoplatforms (Cu‐HPB/C) tailored for efficient cholesterol depletion are introduced. Cu2+‐doped hollow Prussian blue (Cu‐HPB) acts as a carrier, shelter, and enhancer for ChOx, bolstering tumor‐targeting ability, stability, and enzymatic activity. Tumor‐responsive released Cu2+ notably augments ChOx activity, facilitating cholesterol depletion and disrupting lipid rafts, thereby impeding cell invasion and migration. Additionally, H2O2 generated from the oxidase reaction enhances Cu‐HPB's chemo dynamic therapeutic efficacy. Transcriptomic analysis validates Cu‐HPB/C's impact on cholesterol homeostasis and reveals cell death mechanisms including oxidative stress, ferroptosis, cuproptosis, and apoptosis. Demonstrating therapeutic efficacy in both 4T1 tumor subcutaneous and metastasis mouse models, the study presents a direct and effective strategy for tumor therapy and metastasis inhibition through enhanced cholesterol depletion.
Symmetric Dopant‐Free Si Solar Cells Enabled by TiOx Nanolayers: An In‐Depth Study on Bipolar Carrier Selectivity
Authors: Matsui Takuya , Fukaya Shohei , McNab Shona , McQueen James , Gotoh Kazuhiro , Sai Hitoshi , Usami Noritaka , Bonilla Ruy Sebastian 
Published: November 2024

AbstractHigh‐efficiency solar cells require two contact structures, engineered for efficient extraction of photogenerated holes and electrons at the respective electrodes. Herein, crystalline Si solar cell featuring hole‐ and electron‐selective passivating contacts composed entirely of a single material, amorphous titanium oxide (TiOx), without extrinsic doping is demonstrated. The hole/electron selectivity of the TiOx layers (≈5 nm) is tailored by the oxidation process and the choice of Ti precursor in the atomic layer deposition (ALD). Ex situ and in situ X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements elucidate that the hole‐selective TiOx induces significant band bending in the Si (Φ≈0.7 eV), generating a p‐type inversion layer in the n‐Si absorber. The electron‐selective TiOx induces a smaller band bending of Φ<0.35 eV. This clarifies that the bipolar carrier selectivity of TiOx is associated with the different amount of negative fixed charges generated during the ALD process, depending on the choice of Ti precursor and oxidant. In addition, the growth of a hydrogen‐containing SiOy nanolayer (≈1‐1.5 nm) at the Si/TiOx interface during postdeposition oxidation is crucial for providing chemical passivation in both types of TiOx. These findings pave the way for a deeper understanding of the charge generation mechanism and chemistry at the Si/metal oxide interfaces.
Highly Open Phosphorized PtNi Nanohexapod/N‐doped Graphene Aerogel for High‐Performance Alkaline Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Yang Jing , Wang Jianlan , Hübner René , Tao Xingyu , Ren Yansong , Zheng Zhikun , Liu Wei 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDeveloping cost‐effective, high‐efficiency, and stable electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in alkaline electrolytes is of critical importance for realizing renewable hydrogen technologies. However, the sluggish HER kinetics and unsatisfied stability remain critical challenges for their practical applications. Herein, a hierarchically porous phosphorized Pt‐Ni nanohexapod/N‐doped graphene aerogel (P‐PtNiNH/NGA) constructed by an oxidation‐phosphorization‐controlled reconfiguration strategy is presented. It enables fast water dissociation kinetics for an abundant supply of hydrogen ions, strong electron interaction for optimal intermediate adsorption, and an excellent anchoring effect of the NGA to avoid the aggregation and Ostwald ripening of the PtNiNHs, thus exhibiting superior activity and exceptional stability toward alkaline HER. The P‐Pt1Ni2NH/NGA exhibits an ultralow overpotential of 15 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm−2, a low Tafel slope of 37 mV dec−1, and long‐term stability, which are superior to commercial Pt/C. Moreover, the P‐Pt1Ni2NH/NGA shows a high mass activity of 13.4 mA µg−1 and a large TOF value of 13.5 s−1 at an overpotential of 100 mV, which are 8.8 times and 9.0 times higher than commercial Pt/C (under the same Pt loading of ≈9.1 µg cm−2). This work is of high inspiration for catalyst design to obtain ideal alkaline HER performance.
Methotrexate Versus Mycophenolate Mofetil Prophylaxis in Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation for Chronic Myeloid Malignancies: A Retrospective Analysis on Behalf of the Chronic Malignancies Working Party of the EBMT
Authors: Luft Thomas , Gras Luuk , Koster Linda , Kröger Nicolaus , Schröder Thomas , Platzbecker Uwe , Sockel Katja , de Latour Régis Peffault , Stelljes Matthias , Sengeloev Henrik , Eder Matthias , Blau Igor Wolfgang , Dreger Peter , Yakoub‐Agha Ibrahim , Maertens Johan , Salmenniemi Urpu , Bethge Wolfgang , Mielke Stephan , Kobbe Guido , Pouli Anastasia , de Wreede Liesbeth C. , Raj Kavita , Drozd‐Sokolowska Joanna , McLornan Donal P. , Robin Marie 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTProphylaxis strategies for Graft versus host disease (GVHD) in allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo‐HCT) frequently encompass a combination of a calcineurin inhibitor (CNI) with either methotrexate (MTX) or mycophenolate mofetil (MMF). The aim of this retrospective, EBMT registry‐based study was to determine outcome differences for chronic myeloid malignancies and secondary acute myeloid leukemia (sAML) between MTX‐ and MMF‐based prophylaxis regimens while taking potential heterogeneity between subgroups into consideration. Eligible were patients transplanted between 2007 and 2017 who received either MTX‐ or MMF prophylaxis in combination with a CNI. Endpoints after allo‐HCT were overall survival, relapse‐free survival (RFS), relapse incidence, non‐relapse mortality (NRM), and Grades 2–4 acute GVHD (aGvHD). Overall, 13 699 patients from 321 centers were included. Median follow‐up was 42.8 months (IQR 19.8–74.5 months). MTX prophylaxis was associated with reduced overall mortality (HR 0.87, 95% CI 0.81–0.95, p = 0.001) and NRM (HR 0.86, 95% CI 0.78–0.96, p = 0.006) compared with MMF in multivariable Cox regression models in the whole cohort without significant interaction between prophylaxis and subgroups. In contrast, there was no significant association of prophylaxis with risk of relapse (HR 1.03 MTX vs. MMF, 95% CI 0.94–1.14, p = 0.53) or RFS (HR 0.95, 95% CI 0.88–1.01, p = 0.12). There was a reduced risk of Grades 2–4 acute GVHD and reduced mortality after acute GVHD with MTX prophylaxis but no association with outcome in a landmark analysis in patients without aGvHD at 3 months after allo‐HCT. In conclusion, MTX‐complemented CNI prophylaxis was associated with favorable survival, and with favorable survival after aGVHD compared with MMF.