bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A model of protecting financial service clients in the UK
Authors: ZAWADZKA Patrycja 
Published: April 2018

Aim: The purpose of the paper is to describe changes occurring in the UK in consequence of the financial crisis with regard to protecting financial service customers, which prompts towards the answer to the question about the optimum protection model when it comes to protecting financial market customers. The author analyses whether regulations in use in the UK are sufficient to ensure cohesion between the public supervision of the financial market and customer protection. In practice, these value may be in opposition. Design / Research methods: The basic research method used in the paper is analysing sources of law and the literature of the subject. Conclusions: The most recent financial market crises undermined the assumption that public and legal supervision is a sufficient tool preventing market turbulences. The financial market supervision should expand beyond professional financial service providers. At the same time, it is also necessary to ensure customer protection. Having conducted the research, the Author recognises that the model used to supervise the financial market and protect financial service customers adopted in the UK deserves to be multiplied on the basis of Polish law, with a particular focus on transferring the supervisory function to the central bank. Originality / value of the article: The topic is pertinent and important as, in the EU member states, adaptation of new legal solutions in the area of financial supervision is considered. However, the problem tackled in the paper has not received any wider coverage in the literature of the subject. The UK regulations may and, according to the author - should serve as a model for the Polish legislator who is planning to challenge the issue of organising supervision over the Polish financial market in the near future.
Bid rigging in public procurement market according to the decisions of the President of the Office of Competition and Consumer Protection
Authors: RÓŻOWICZ Konrad 
Published: April 2018

Aim: In the practice of awarding public contracts, sometimes the behavior of market actors, instead of competing with other entities, are aimed at illegal cooperation, including bid rigging. The above shows that healthy competition is not possible without efficient market control. In public procurement market this control is, primarily, carried out by public procurement entities: the President of the Public Procurement Office (Prezes UZP) and the National Appeal Chamber (KIO), and furthermore by President od the Office of Competition (Prezes UOKiK) and Consumer Protection and the Court od Competition and Consumer Protection. and Consumer Protection (SOKiK). The interesting issue is how the activities of the President of Office of Competition and Consumer Protection targeted to contend with bid rigging affects on the activities of President of the Public Procurement Office (Prezes UZP) or the National Appeal Chamber (KIO). Design / Research methods: analysis and comparison decisions/ judgment issued by the President of the Public Procurement Office, National Appeal Chamber, the President of the Office of Competition and Consumer Protection and the Court of Competition and Consumer Protection. Conclusions: The analysis has shown that the existence of specificities in the activities of the decision-making bodies and the judgments examined. However, in keeping with the specificity of the forms and objectives of control, these entities should cooperate, to a greater extent than before. Expanding the scope of cooperation would make it possible to better contend with bid rigging without changing the competition protection model. The introduction of institutionalized instruments for cooperation between the authorities seems to be valuable in terms of system solutions. Value of the article: The main value of the article is the comparison of selectively selected decisions and judgments representative of the problem under consideration and their comparative analysis in order to achieve the research objectives. The article deals with issues relevant to both public procurement practitioners and the state bodies dealing with procurement matters.
Infringement of consumers’ collective interest – the case of “insurance–deposits”
Authors: SŁOWIKOWSKI Marcin Andrzej 
Published: April 2018

Aim: The purpose of the paper is to present the legal regulation aimed at protecting consumers and demonstrate how legal norms influences the economy. The topic is important because of the increasing scale of controversial practices concerning the insurance-depots.Design / Research methods: This issue is examined using the review of legal acts and judgments regarding col-lective violations of consumer interests related to life insurance with a capital fund offered on the Polish market, as well as literature review.Conclusions / findings: The aim of the paper is to assess the scope of negative consequences of such financial products. The paper is another voice in the discussion on loses from “insurance-depots” and might bring value added to their stakeholders, in particular banks and former clients. Originality / value of the article: The research applies suggestion for further quantitative models concerning the topic.
The premise of the effect on trade among EU member states in projects concerning culture and heritage conservation within the framework of the implementation of the projects from EU funds – recommendations for judicial decisions
Authors: ODACHOWSKI Jarosław 
Published: April 2018

Aim: Public aid can be involved even in such peculiar public activity sector as culture and heritage conservation. Hence, the EU projects implemented in this area may be subject to legal restrictions on state aid. In this respect, particular legal doubts concerning state aid arise in the context of “impact on trade” premise. This situation is a consequence of both lack of clear definition thereof and the peculiar nature of culture projects. The present paper is aimed at identifying particular issues that ought to be taken into account when determining the possible impact on trade (recommendations for judicature). These issues aren’t actually defined in law, but only in few judgments and literature. Hence, there is a necessity to make further researches.Design / Research methods: Analysis of legal provisions, judgments and literature.Conclusions / findings: 1) It is practically impossible for relevant legal acts to encompass all possible instances of public aid in culture projects. Undoubtedly, judicature (both, of the ECJ and Polish administrative courts) attempts to fill in this peculiar gap by examining and resolving individual cases. 2) Nonetheless, the judicature is not able to account for all possible situations that can be encountered when implementing projects co-financed by the EU, either3) due to the specific nature of this project category, all the above-mentioned aspects and possible interrelations among them need to be considered in great detail. Therefore, each and every case has to be examined separately and individually 4) each of the elements should be examined in detail at every stage of determining whether public aid is granted in a given case (here: from the perspective of possible impact on trade) – both by beneficiaries of the EU funds as well as by institutions involved in management and control system and by administrative courts 5) in individual situations, the sequence of occurrence and intensity of individual elements may differ, which means that each and every case needs to be examined and resolved separately as regards the possible impact on trade and, consequently, the presence of public aid. Originality / value of the article: Contemplated problems are a subject of few judgments and literature. Value of this article is a scientific deepening of all discussed issues. This one is addressed to beneficiaries of the EU funds as well as to institutions involved in management and control system and administrative courts. Implications of the research: This article will enable beneficiaries and mentioned institutions and courts to interpret occurrence of public aid in above-mentioned projects in the appropriate way.
Decisions issued by the President of the Office of Competition and Consumer Protection regarding the imposition of penalty payments on entrepreneurs as a repressive sanction
Authors: DANEL Ewelina 
Published: April 2018

Aim:The purpose of this paper is to draw attention to the nature of decisions issued by the President of the Office of Competition and Consumer Protection regarding the imposition of penalty payments on entrepreneurs for infringements of the Protection of Competition and Consumers Act of February 26, 2007, which is one of the indications of restrictions on economic freedom. Special attention has been paid to the criteria applied by the President of the OCCP for imposing penalty payments while indicating the changes introduced by amendments to the Act which came into force on January 18, 2015. Design / Research methods:Legal historical method, systematic and teleological interpretation, comparative law Conclusions / findings:Both the rules and the criteria required to be applied by the President of the OCCP when inflicting punishment are included in a catalogue of directives in Article 111 of CCPA. In the catalogue, the legislator attaches particular importance to the premise consisting in a breach of provisions of the law and a previous breach of the same legal act while other elements, separate for each type of breach, are specified later on, imposing on the President of the OCCP the obligation to consider both attenuating circumstances and aggravating circumstances when deciding on the degree (amount) of the penalty. Irrespective of the above, due to the open catalogue of circumstances affecting the gravity of the penalty, the President of the OCCP may also consider some circumstances indirectly implied in the act and developed by the judiciary decisions, which include the type of non-compliance or breach, the degree of violating the public interest, intentional or unintentional action orduration of the breach. Originality / value of the article:To signal criteria changes applied by the President of the OCCP for imposing penalty payments while indicating the changes introduced by amendments to the Act, which came into force on 18 January 2015.
Effect of economase replacing vitamin E and selenium on growth performance and meat quality of broilers
Authors: KUTLU Hasan Rüştü , ÇELİK Ladine Baykal , FİLİK Gökhan , KİRAZ Ayfer Bozkurt , Cinli Harun , YÜCELT Özcan , UZUN Yusuf 
Published: April 2018

One hundred,
one-day-old male broiler chicks (Ross 308) were allocated in five treatment
groups; control (100 mg/kg Vit E), 20 mg/kg Vit E, 20 mg/kg Vit E +Economase; 40
mg/kg Vit E, 40 mg/kg Vit E+Economase. The birds were fed ad libitum for 42 days in individual cages. Body weight gain, food
intake, food efficiency (gain/food intake) and carcass weight were measured. Breast and thigh meats were sampled for TBARS
evaluation, blood samples
were taken for biochemical parameters. No significant differences between growth performances
of treatment groups were observed. Drip loss was not affected significantly
(P&gt;0.05), but water holding capacity was lower (P&lt;0.05) at 20 mg/kg Vit E
in contrast to the control and the other treatments groups receiving 20 or 40
mg/kg vit E with Economase. Blood total antioxidant capacity in control groups
was significantly (P&lt;0.05) higher than the treatment groups. TBARS values of
the groups receiving 100 mg/kg vitamin E or 40 mg/kg Vitamin E plus Economase
found to be lower. The results suggest that vitamin E level in the commercial
broiler diets could be reduced to 40 mg/kg using Economase at 200 mg/kg without
loss in the growth performance, meat quality and also oxidative stability.
Optimasi desain rencana tanggul lepas pantai NCICD di Teluk Jakarta terhadap kemungkinan tsunami akibat letusan Gunung Anak Krakatau
Authors: Bachtiar Huda , Badriana Riam , Sembiring Leo , Adytia Didit , Samskerta I Putu , Andonowati Andonowati , Groesen E. van 
Published: April 2018

Salah satu rencana pengembangan infrastruktur di Teluk Jakarta adalah dengan membangun tanggul lepas pantai yang akan membentuk kolam retensi. Pembangunan kolam retensi tersebut dilakukan apabila fase perkuatan tanggul yang ada tidak dapat menangani permasalahan banjir Jakarta. Berdasarkan master plan National Capital Integrated Coastal Development (NCICD), tanggul lepas pantai bentuk Garuda diusung sebagai “iconic” negara Indonesia. Namun demikian, bentuk Garuda tersebut belum dinvestigasi dari segi hydraulic. Paper ini akan membahas optimum layout dari bentuk Garuda dari sisi propagasi gelombang. Hasil simulasi dengan ¼ energi gelombang dari tsunami Krakatau 1883 menunjukan tinggi gelombang di kepala garuda dapat mencapai elevasi maksimum 11 m dan elevasi minimum 6 m. Alternatif desain dengan merotasi layout tanggul lepas pantai ke arah timur 150 (layout paralel terhadap arah datang gelombang) merupakan salah satu bentukan optimum dari desain tanggul lepas pantai stage-B.
Analisa stabilitas struktur revetmen di Pantai Kedungu, Tabanan Bali
Authors: Indriasari Vivi Yovita , Risandi Johan , Akhwadhy Rudhi 
Published: April 2018

Lokasi studi di Pantai Kedungu yang memiliki gumuk pasir yang lebar dan vegetasi yang rapat. Biasanya tempat ini digunakan untuk pariwisata oleh penduduk setempat. Erosi yang terjadi disebabkan gelombang datang yang membentuk sudut, sehingga menimbulkan arus menyusur pantai (longshore current), dan angkutan sedimen sekitar pantai (litoral drift). Kondisi tersebut sudah sangat mengkhawatirkan, karena sudah mengikis sejumlah lahan milik warga. Sampai saat ini belum ada penanganan dari pemerintah, hanya upaya dari masyarakat setempat dengan membangun tembok laut dan saat ini juga dalam kondisi sudah mulai hancur. Berdasarkan analisa data yang sudah diambil di lapangan dan pemodelan numerik yang dilakukan didapat konsep penanganan permasalahan erosi, yaitu dengan pembuatan struktur pelindung pantai berupa revetmen. Dimana struktur tersebut berfungsi sebagai peredam gelombang datang dan mempertahankan garis pantai. Tujuan dari tulisan ini adalah memberikan gambaran mengenai stabilitas struktur revetmen terhadap erosi pantai. Analisa stabilitas memperhitungkan stabilitas terhadap guling, geser, daya dukung tanah dan penurunan. Dimensi dan desain pelindung pantai revetment aman terhadap guling (SF = 7,669 >2), geser (SF = 4,082>1,5), daya dukung tanah (17,498>3). Hasil analisa stabilitas struktur revetment yang didisain, aman dan dapat diterapkan di lokasi studi. Analisa stabilitas struktur revetment ini diharapkan dapat mengurangi tingkat kerusakan struktur bangunan pantai dan bangunan sekitarnya.
Pengembangan metode bioasesmen untuk penilaian kualitas air Sungai Cihampelas di DAS Citarum
Authors: Ibrahim Aiman , Sjarmidi Achmad 
Published: April 2018

Sungai Cihampelas merupakan anak sungai Citarum yang mengalir melintasi wilayah Kabupaten dan Kota Bandung sepanjang 8,5 km. Perairan Sungai Cihampelas dimanfaatkan masyarakat untuk kegiatan domestik, pariwisata, pertanian, dan perikanan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kelas air berdasarkan Indeks Pencemaran dan kualitas air berdasarkan Indeks Integritas Biotik Makrozoobentos dan Diatom Perifiton. Penelitian dilakukan di empat stasiun Sungai Cihampelas yang mewakili daerah yang minim gangguan hingga daerah yang diprediksi mengalami gangguan diantaranya Cilengkrang, Cisurupan, Pasanggrahan, dan Mekarmulya. Pencuplikan air, makrozoobentos, dan diatom perifiton dilakukan pada bulan Juli hingga September 2016 sebanyak empat kali dengan interval waktu dua minggu. Berdasarkan Indeks Pencemaran, sepanjang aliran sungai Cihampelas tergolong kelas air I hingga IV+. Penilaian kualitas air dengan menggunakan Indeks Integritas Biotik Makrozoobentos menunjukkan bahwa Sungai Cihampelas memiliki kategori sangat baik hingga buruk dengan nilai indeks berkisar antara 4—18. Kualitas air Sungai Cihampelas menunjukkan kategori sangat baik hingga buruk berdasarkan nilai Indeks Integritas Biotik Diatom Perifiton yang berkisar antara 3—15. Hasil analisis korelasi Spearman menunjukkan bahwa Indeks Pencemaran (kelas air) memiliki korelasi negatif dan lebih kuat terhadap Indeks Integritas Biotik Makrozoobentos dibandingkan Indeks Integritas Biotik Diatom Perifiton.
Dynamiques de classe et efficacité scolaire
Authors: Genelot Sophie , Tupin Frédéric 
Published: April 2018

La recherche présentée ici a pour objet l'efficacité des pratiques enseignantes envisagée dans la dynamique des processus d'enseignement-apprentissage. L'objectif central poursuivi consiste à mettre en relation des observations de classes et les acquisitions des élèves concernés afin d'être mieux à même d'expliquer sous l'effet de quels vecteurs se construisent les connaissances/ compétences des élèves. En arrière plan, au niveau théorique, cela implique, de fait, de conjuguer paradigme «processus-produit» et paradigme «écologique».
Les résultats tendent à montrer que la mise en commun des démarches d’analyse des pratiques et des démarches d’évaluation de l'impact de ces mêmes pratiques, pour l'instant cantonnée dans un registre exploratoire, mériterait d'être poursuivie.
«Du proche au lointain»... ou comment travailler la mobilité énonciative en classe ?
Authors: Prouilhac Micheline 
Published: April 2018

«From close to far»... or how to work on enunciative mobility in class.
Micheline PROUIHAC, IUFM de Limoges & INRP Oral.
The article reminds the hypothesis of the INRP research team of Limoges : one can work on integrated oral practices in all discipline apprenticeships, work the enunciative mobility as a condition of success in school and social integration. The article maps out the itinerary of the didactical invention of «systems to work on oral practices» and finally analyses the risks of drifting related to the use of these systems. Therefore, we try to show that there is room in apprenticeships at school for a progressive learning of oral practices, by making use of a certain number of variables, as well as for a more equitable management of pupils' speech.
Accretion Disk Reverberation with Hubble Space Telescope Observations of NGC 4593: Evidence for Diffuse Continuum Lags
Authors: Cackett Edward M. , Chiang Chia-Ying , McHardy Ian , Edelson Rick , Goad Michael R. , Horne Keith , Korista Kirk T. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
The Seyfert 1 galaxy NGC 4593 was monitored spectroscopically with the Hubble Space Telescope as part of a reverberation mapping campaign that also included Swift, Kepler, and ground-based photometric monitoring. During 2016 July 12–August 6, we obtained 26 spectra across a nearly continuous wavelength range of ∼1150–10000 Å. These were combined with Swift data to produce a UV/optical “lag spectrum,” which shows the interband lag relative to the Swift UVW2 band as a function of wavelength. The broad shape of the lag spectrum appears to follow the τ ∝ λ
4/3 relation seen previously in photometric interband lag measurements of other active galactic nuclei (AGNs). This shape is consistent with the standard thin disk model, but the magnitude of the lags implies a disk that is a factor of ∼3 larger than predicted, again consistent with what has been previously seen in other AGNs. In all cases these large disk sizes, which are also implied by independent gravitational microlensing of higher-mass AGNs, cannot be simply reconciled with the standard model. However, the most striking feature in this higher-resolution lag spectrum is a clear excess around the 3646 Å Balmer jump. This strongly suggests that diffuse emission from gas in the much larger broad-line region (BLR) must also contribute significantly to the interband lags. While the relative contributions of the disk and BLR cannot be uniquely determined in these initial measurements, it is clear that both will need to be considered to comprehensively model and understand AGN lag spectra.
Doxorubicin-associated Cardiomyopathy: New Approaches to Pharmacological Correction Using 3-(2,2,2-trimethylhydrazinium) Propionate Derivatives
Authors: Danilenko Lyudmila M. 
Published: April 2018

Introduction: The search for new compounds with cardioprotective activity amongst the 3-(2,2,2-trimethylhydrazinium) propionate derivatives looks promising.
Research objectives: to study cardioprotective effects of the 3-(2,2,2-trimethylhydrazinium) propionate derivatives.
Methods: The cardioprotective effect of the derivatives (nicotinate, 5-hydroxynicotinate) of 3-(2,2,2-trimethylhydrazinium) propionate) and reference medicine meldonium in the case of doxorubicin (DOX) (20 mg/kg, intraperitoneally for 48 hours) cardiomyopathy was evaluated by the results of a functional test with high-frequency stimulation (480 bpm).
To provide integral validation for the development of the simulated pathological processes, biochemical and morphological studies of the heart were carried out. For a biochemical evaluation of myocardial damage in the homogenisate, the isoenzyme creatinine kinase MB (CK-MB) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were determined.
Results: The derivatives nicotinate and 5-hydroxynicotinate of 3-(2,2,2-trimethylhydrazinium) propionate) exert a cardioprotective effect on a doxorubicin pathology model, which is expressed in a decreased coefficient of diastolic dysfunction (StTTI) to the level of 5.8±0.1 ru and 4.6±0.2 ru in comparison with that in the control group 8.3±0.1 ru and reference medicine meldonium 6.5±0.1 ru, respectively.
The cardioprotective effect was confirmed by decreased levels of markers of damage to CK-MB and LDH and a decreased diameter of cardiomyocytes compared to those in the control group.
Conclusion: The derivatives of 3-(2,2,2-trimethylhydrazinium) propionate (nicotinate, 5-hydroxynicotinate) 3-(2,2,2-trimethylhydrazinium) propionate reduce diastolic dysfunction and irreversible damage to cardiomyocytes in case of doxorubicin-associated cardiomyopathy.
Quelle est la nature de la géographie physique ?
Authors: Regnauld Hervé , Vergne Virginie 
Published: April 2018

Cet article prend acte de la variété des définitions données par les géographes de la « nature » et propose d’en faire un objet épistémologique contemporain. Pour cela il faut prendre acte, d’une part de la différence ontologique entre un objet naturel (un tsunami) et un objet social (le risque de submersion) et, d’autre part, accepter qu’aucun objet naturel ne soit totalement indifférent au social à l’époque anthropocène. Il convient donc de ne pas réduire autoritairement la géographie à une science sociale, pas davantage à une science naturelle, mais il faut la penser comme également apte à étudier la spatialisation – évolutive et indéterminée – d’objet naturels et d’objets sociaux.