bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Can You Take the Heat?” Heat-Induced Health Symptoms Are Associated with Protective Behaviors
Authors: Esplin Emily D. , Marlon Jennifer R. , Leiserowitz Anthony , Howe Peter D. 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
The risks associated with extreme heat are increasing as heat waves become more frequent and severe across larger areas. As people begin to experience heat waves more often and in more places, how will individuals respond? Measuring experience with heat simply as exposure to extreme temperatures may not fully capture how people subjectively experience those temperatures or their varied impacts on human health. These impacts may also influence an individual’s response to heat and motivate risk-reduction behaviors. If subjectively experiencing negative health effects from extreme heat promotes protective actions, these effects could be used alongside temperature exposure to more accurately measure extreme heat experience and inform risk prevention and communication strategies according to local community needs. Using a multilevel regression model, this study analyzes georeferenced national survey data to assess whether Americans’ exposure to extreme heat and experience with its health effects are associated with self-reported protective behaviors. Subjective experience with heat-related health symptoms strongly predicted all reported protective behaviors while measured heat exposure had a much weaker influence. Risk perception was strongly associated with some behaviors. This study focuses particularly on the practice of checking on family, friends, and neighbors during a heat wave, which can be carried out by many people. For this behavior, age, race/ethnicity, gender, and income, along with subjective experience and risk perception, were important predictors. Results suggest that the subjective experience of extreme heat influences health-related behavioral responses and should therefore be considered when designing or improving local heat protection plans.
Evaluation and Management of Laryngopharyngeal Reflux Disease: State of the Art Review
Authors: Lechien Jerome R. , Akst Lee M. , Hamdan Abdul Latif , Schindler Antonio , Karkos Petros D. , Barillari Maria Rosaria , Calvo‐Henriquez Christian , Crevier‐Buchman Lise , Finck Camille , Eun Young‐Gyu , Saussez Sven , Vaezi Michael F. 
Published: February 2019

ObjectiveTo review the current literature about the epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR).Data SourcesPubMed, Cochrane Library, and Scopus.MethodsA comprehensive review of the literature on LPR epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment was conducted. Using the PRISMA statement, 3 authors selected relevant publications to provide a critical analysis of the literature.ConclusionsThe important heterogeneity across studies in LPR diagnosis continues to make it difficult to summarize a single body of thought. Controversies persist concerning epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment. No recent epidemiologic study exists regarding prevalence and incidence with the use of objective diagnostic tools. There is no survey that evaluates the prevalence of symptoms and signs on a large number of patients with confirmed LPR. Regarding diagnosis, an increasing number of authors used multichannel intraluminal impedance–pH monitoring, although there is no consensus regarding standardization of the diagnostic criteria. The efficiency of proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy remains poorly demonstrated and misevaluated by incomplete clinical tools that do not take into consideration many symptoms and extralaryngeal findings. Despite the recent advances in knowledge about nonacid LPR, treatment protocols based on PPIs do not seem to have evolved.Implications for PracticeThe development of multichannel intraluminal impedance–pH monitoring and pepsin and bile salt detection should be considered for the establishment of a multiparameter diagnostic approach. LPR treatment should evolve to a more personalized regimen, including diet, PPIs, alginate, and magaldrate according to individual patient characteristics. Multicenter international studies with a standardized protocol could improve scientific knowledge about LPR.
Association between preferred chewing side and dynamic occlusal parameters
Authors: Haralur Satheesh B. , Majeed Muhammad Irfan , Chaturvedi Saurabh , Alqahtani Nasser M. , Alfarsi Mohammed 
Published: February 2019

Objectives Evaluation of dynamic occlusal parameters can help dentists to understand the association of occlusion with the preferred chewing side (PCS) and enable optimal restoration of masticatory efficiency. This study evaluated the association between PCS and dynamic occlusal parameters. Methods One hundred participants (50 each, right and left PCS) were included in this study. PCS was determined by the visual spot-checking method, and occlusal analysis was conducted by T Scan. Occlusal parameters evaluated included initial contact, center of force, tooth contact area, occlusal interferences, and occlusal time. Data were assessed by chi-squared test and eta correlation coefficient. Results Initial contact towards the PCS was observed in 68% and 70% of right and left unilateral chewers, respectively. Likewise, center of force towards the PCS was present in 72% and 66% of right and left unilateral chewers, respectively. A larger area of tooth contact was predominant towards the PCS in 70% and 72% of right and left unilateral chewers, respectively. Chi-squared analysis showed a strong positive correlation between PCS and occlusal parameters at maximum intercuspation. Eta correlation coefficients between PCS and occlusal interferences, as well as centric and eccentric occlusion, revealed negligible associations. Conclusion Dynamic occlusal parameters may be associated with PCS.
Age related metabolic modifications in the migraine brain
Authors: Lisicki Marco , D'Ostilio Kevin , Coppola Gianluca , Parisi Vincenzo , de Noordhout Alain Maertens , Magis Delphine , Schoenen Jean , Scholtes Felix , Versijpt Jan 
Published: February 2019

PurposeThe aim of this study was to evaluate the possibility that migraine patients exhibit specific age-related metabolic changes in the brain, which occur regardless of disease duration or the frequency of attacks.MethodsWe analysed the relation between brain glucose (18F-fluorodeoxyglucose) uptake and age in healthy volunteers (n = 20) and episodic migraine patients (n = 19). In the latter, we additionally compared the correlation between18F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake and disease duration and monthly migraine days.ResultsIn contrast to controls, in migraine patients advancing age was positively correlated to increased metabolism in the brainstem (especially the posterior pons), hippocampus, fusiform gyrus and parahippocampus. Conversely, no significant correlations between cerebral metabolism and disease duration or migraine days were observed.ConclusionsFindings of this cross-sectional study show that episodic migraine patients exhibit specific metabolic brain modifications while ageing. As such, age is correlated with metabolic changes in key regions of the brain previously associated with migraine's pathophysiology to a better extent than disease duration or the number of monthly migraine days. More than the repeated headache attacks, the continuous interaction with the environment seemingly models the brain of migraine sufferers in an adaptive manner. A positive control (e.g. chronic pain) is missing in this study and therefore findings cannot be proven to be migraine-specific.
Resettled Bhutanese Refugees in Ottawa: What Coping Strategies Promote Psychological Well-Being?
Authors: Subedi Anita , Edge Dana S. , Goldie Catherine L. , Sawhney Monakshi 
Published: February 2019

Background Since 2008, Bhutanese refugees have been resettled in Canada, including Ottawa. This relocation and resettling process is associated with significant physical and psychological stress, as individuals acclimatize to a new country. Purpose To assess the relationship between coping strategies and psychological well-being of Bhutanese refugees resettled in Ottawa. Methods A cross-sectional survey utilizing a convenience sample of adults (n = 110) was conducted in the fall of 2015 in Ottawa. Two tools, Brief COPE and general well-being schedule were used. Results Bhutanese refugees were in moderate distress. Using multiple linear regression, age, education, and three coping strategies (positive reframing, self-blame, and venting) were identified as predictors of general well-being ( F (11, 96) = 3.61, p < .001, R2 = 21.2%). Higher levels of education and positive reframing were associated with greater general well-being scores, while self-blame and well-being between ages 41 and 50 years were inversely associated with general well-being. Conclusions Findings suggest that a broad intersectorial approach between nurses and partner agencies is needed to enhance the mental health of this population for better adjustment in the host country. Nurses could provide support and counseling to minimize the use of self-blame and venting and promote positive coping strategies.
The 24-Hour Intensivists Staffing Model Improves the Outcome for Nighttime Admitted Patients: A Matched Historical Control Study
Authors: Min-Jie Ju , Zhun-Yong Gu , Yan Han , Yu-Jing Liu , Hong-Yu He , Yi-Mei Liu , Guo-Wei Tu , Jian-Feng Luo , Du-Ming Zhu , Zhe Luo 
Published: February 2019

Introduction: We previously showed that a “10-hour daytime on-site” and “nighttime (NT) on-call” staffing strategy was associated with higher mortality for intensive care unit (ICU) patients admitted during NT than it was for patients admitted during office hours (OH). In here, we evaluated the clinical effects of a 24-hour intensivist staffing model. Methods: We formed an intervention group of 3034 consecutive ICU patients hospitalized from January 2013 to December 2015, and a control group of 2891 patients from our previous study (2009-2011). We applied propensity score matching (PSM) for whole and subgroup analyses adjusting for confounding factors. We compared clinical outcomes of patients under the 2 staffing models using multivariate logistic regression and survival analyses. Results: After PSM, we balanced the clinical data between the complete cohorts and the subgroups. Comparison of ICU survivals between the intervention and control cohorts yielded no significant differences. However, the intervention was significantly associated with a higher ICU survival in the NT (5:30 pm-07:30 am) admission patients ( P = .049) than in those admitted during OH (07:30 am to 5:30 pm; P = .456). Additionally, the intervention shortened the LOSHOS ( P = .001) and/or LOSICU ( P < .001), reduced the hospital ( P = .672) and/or ICU ( P = .004) expenses, and resulted in earlier mechanical ventilation extubation ( P = .442) as compared to the same variables in the control group, especially for NT admissions. Conclusions: The 24-hour intensivists staffing could significantly improve ICU outcomes, especially for NT-admission patients in high-acuity, high-volume ICUs with frequent NT admissions.
Regulatory T-cell levels in systemic lupus erythematosus patients: a meta-analysis
Authors: Zhu Y , Huang Y , Ming B , Wu X , Chen Y , Dong L 
Published: February 2019

Background The contribution of regulatory T-cells (Tregs) to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) pathogenesis remains a matter of debate. The objective of this study was to quantify the association between peripheral blood Tregs and disease status in SLE patients. Method EMBASE and PubMed databases were searched using ‘systemic lupus erythematosus’ and ‘regulatory T-cells’ as relevant key terms. A meta-analysis of studies that examined the proportion of Tregs among peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and CD4+T-cells was performed using Stata software. Subgroup analysis was performed based on ethnic groups and Treg definition markers. Results The Treg/PBMC and Treg/CD4+T-cell ratios were significantly lower in SLE patients than in healthy controls (HCs), whereas patients with active and inactive SLE showed no difference in these indicators. A subgroup analysis indicated that Asian SLE patients had a substantially lower proportion of Tregs/PBMCs than HCs, but this difference was not seen for white and Latin American SLE patients. Patients defined by CD4+CD25+Foxp3+, CD4+CD25+ and CD4+Foxp3+ had a much lower Treg/PBMC ratio compared with HCs. Ethnic groups and choice of Treg definition markers had no influence on the proportion of Tregs/CD4+T-cells. Conclusion The proportion of Tregs among both PBMCs and CD4+T-cells was significantly decreased in SLE patients. Ethnic group and Treg definition markers may influence the proportion of Tregs among PBMCs. Further study of the correlation between SLE disease activity and the proportion of Tregs in peripheral blood is needed to determine the physiological role of this association.
Marshallese Beliefs, Perceptions, and Practices Related to Child Feeding Among Marshallese in the United States: Implications for Childhood Obesity
Authors: Johnson Kelly Vowell , Scott Allison L , Shreve Marilou , Ayers Britni L , Seaton Victoria S , McElfish Pearl A 
Published: February 2019

Introduction: Obesity affects more than 40 million children globally. Efforts to promote proper nutrition in an attempt to reduce childhood obesity should consider maternal beliefs and cultural customs around food. Little is known regarding child feeding, including weaning practices and foods consumed in the first years of life among Marshallese children, a sub-group of Pacific Islanders, residing in the United States. Methods: This study aims to explore the influences on introduction of complementary foods among Marshallese mothers and caregivers residing in the United States, to serve as the basis for promotion of improved nutrition. Focus groups and demographic surveys were conducted with Marshallese mothers and caregivers (N = 27) to explore child-feeding beliefs, perceptions, and practices. Results: All mothers reported breastfeeding their infants, and 80% reported using some type of milk supplementation. There was a difference in mother and caregiver responses regarding which first foods to introduce and average age of introduction. Discussion: Analysis revealed three themes identified as being influential for child-feeding practices: Marshallese breastfeeding customs, introduction of solid foods, and Marshallese family feeding customs.
Intestinal phosphate absorption: The paracellular pathway predominates?
Authors: Saurette Matthew , Alexander R Todd 
Published: February 2019

Hyperphosphatemia is nearly universal in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease and end stage renal disease. Given the considerable negative sequelae associated with hyperphosphatemia, i.e. increased cardiovascular disease, hastening of renal failure and death, reducing serum phosphate is a goal of therapy. In the absence of sufficient renal function, intestinal phosphate absorption is the remaining target to reduce plasma phosphate levels. Much work has been done with respect to understanding transcellular phosphate absorption. Both animal studies using inducible or intestinal NaPi-2b knockout mice and specific NaPi-2b inhibitors revealed this transporter as the primary mechanism mediating transcellular phosphate absorption in the intestine. However, this has not translated into effective phosphate lowering therapies in patients with kidney disease. More recently, it was observed that inhibition of the epithelial sodium hydrogen exchanger, sodium–hydrogen exchanger isoform 3 (NHE3), or its genetic deletion, decreases intestinal phosphate absorption. The mechanism mediating this effect is through increased transepithelial resistance and reduced paracellular phosphate permeability. Thus, NHE3 inhibition reduces paracellular phosphate permeability in the intestine. The transepithelial potential difference across intestinal epithelium is lumen negative and phosphate commonly exists as a divalent anion. Further, consumption of the typical Western diet provides a large lumen to blood phosphate concentration gradient. Based on these observations we argue herein that the paracellular phosphate absorption route is the predominant pathway mediating intestinal phosphate absorption in humans.Impact statementThis review summarizes the work on transcellular intestinal phosphate absorption, arguing why this pathway is not the predominant pathway in humans consuming a “Western” diet. We then highlight the recent evidence which is strongly consistent with paracellular intestinal phosphate absorption mediating the bulk of intestinal phosphate absorption in humans.
Systematic review of community pharmacy–based and pharmacist-led foot care interventions for adults with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Soprovich Allison L. , Sharma Vishal , Tjosvold Lisa , Eurich Dean T. , Johnson Jeffrey A. 
Published: February 2019

Background: To prevent diabetic foot disease, proper foot care is essential for early detection and treatment. Pharmacists are well suited to provide accessible foot care to adults with type 2 diabetes. Limited research has examined this role. Methods: We conducted a systematic review of community pharmacy–based and pharmacist-led foot care interventions for adults with type 2 diabetes compared to usual care. Data sources included MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Academic Search Complete and Health Source: Nursing/Academic Edition and Google Scholar, plus Google and hand-searching. Original research studies reported in English, focused on community pharmacy–based or pharmacist-led foot care interventions were eligible for review. Participants were adults with type 2 diabetes. Studies were summarized narratively; pooled data were not possible. Results: Seven studies were included in this review, 3 focusing on improving foot self-care behaviours and 4 on promoting foot examinations by the health care provider. Only 2 studies were randomized and were assessed as high quality. Six out of 7 studies reported significantly positive findings related to foot care practices. Discussion: An opportunity to influence foot care exists at each clinical encounter. Pharmacists are accessible health care practitioners and appropriate to provide a range of diabetes foot care interventions. Conclusions: Seven studies examined community pharmacy–based and pharmacist-led foot care interventions for people with type 2 diabetes. Community pharmacies and pharmacists are capable of providing a variety of foot care interventions to patients with diabetes, helping detect problems early and leading to prompt intervention.
The Impact of the Physical Environment on Intrapartum Maternity Care: Identification of Eight Crucial Building Spaces
Authors: Setola Nicoletta , Naldi Eletta , Cocina Grazia Giulia , Eide Liv Bodil , Iannuzzi Laura , Daly Deirdre 
Published: February 2019

Objectives, Purpose, or Aim: This article investigates whether the physical environment in which childbirth occurs impacts the intrapartum intervention rates and how this might happen. The study explores the spatial physical characteristics that can support the design of spaces to promote the health and well-being of women, their supporters, and maternity care professionals. Background: Medical interventions during childbirth have consequences for the health of women and babies in the immediate and long term. The increase in interventions is multifactorial and may be influenced by the model of care adopted, the relationships between caregivers and the organizational culture, which is made up of many factors, including the built environment. In the field of birth architecture research, there is a gap in the description of the physical characteristics of birth environments that impact users’ health. Method: A scoping review on the topic was performed to understand the direct and indirect impacts of the physical environment on birth intervention rates. Results and Discussion: The findings are organized into three tables reporting the influence that the physical characteristics of a space might have on people’s behaviors, experiences, practices and birth health outcomes. Eight building spaces that require further investigation and research were highlighted: unit layout configuration, midwives’ hub/desk, social room, birth philosophy vectors, configuration of the birth room, size and shape of the birth room, filter, and sensory elements. Conclusions: The findings show the importance of considering the physical environment in maternity care and that further interdisciplinary studies focused on architectural design are needed to enrich the knowledge and evidence on this topic and to develop accurate recommendations for designers.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: P2P net loan default risk based on Spark and complex network analysis based on wireless network element data environment
Authors: Tong Zeping , Chen Xiaomin 
Published: February 2019

AbstractP2P net loan is the latest financial lending platform business, which is a new way of borrowing under the background of rapid development of the mobile Internet. Since the beginning of the new century, net loan default has caused P2P companies to break up funds and operate without continuity, which has become an important factor affecting the healthy development of the industry. Therefore, starting from the actual management situation of P2P net loan platform, the default risk of net loan was studied based on Spark technology in wireless network environment. The decision tree data mining algorithm was introduced to construct the early warning model of the net loan default risk, which achieved effective control of risk links. From the fuzzy characteristics that affected the uncertain factors of net loan credit, a hybrid algorithm model of C4.5 decision tree optimization was established. The simulation results show that the hybrid optimization model has good application value.
High- versus low-intensity interventions for perinatal depression delivered by non-specialist primary maternal care providers in Nigeria: cluster randomised controlled trial (the EXPONATE trial)
Authors: Gureje Oye , Oladeji Bibilola D. , Montgomery Alan A. , Araya Ricardo , Bello Toyin , Chisholm Dan , Groleau Danielle , Kirmayer Laurence J. , Kola Lola , Olley Lydia B. , Tan Wei , Zelkowitz Phyllis 
Published: February 2019

BackgroundContextually appropriate interventions delivered by primary maternal care providers (PMCPs) might be effective in reducing the treatment gap for perinatal depression.AimTo compare high-intensity treatment (HIT) with low-intensity treatment (LIT) for perinatal depression.MethodCluster randomised clinical trial, conducted in Ibadan, Nigeria between 18 June 2013 and 11 December 2015 in 29 maternal care clinics allocated by computed-generated random sequence (15 HIT; 14 LIT). Interventions were delivered individually to antenatal women with DSM-IV (1994) major depression by trained PMCPs. LIT consisted of the basic psychosocial treatment specifications in the World Health Organization Mental Health Gap Action Programme – Intervention Guide. HIT comprised LIT plus eight weekly problem-solving therapy sessions with possible additional sessions determined by scores on the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). The primary outcome was remission of depression at 6 months postpartum (EPDS < 6).ResultsThere were 686 participants; 452 and 234 in HIT and LIT arms, respectively, with both groups similar at baseline. Follow-up assessments, completed on 85%, showed remission rates of 70% with HIT and 66% with LIT: risk difference 4% (95% CI −4.1%, 12.0%), adjusted odds ratio 1.12 (95% CI 0.73, 1.72). HIT was more effective for severe depression (odds ratio 2.29; 95% CI 1.01, 5.20; P = 0.047) and resulted in a higher rate of exclusive breastfeeding. Infant outcomes, cost-effectiveness and adverse events were similar.ConclusionsExcept among severely depressed perinatal women, we found no strong evidence to recommend high-intensity in preference to low-intensity psychological intervention in routine primary maternal care.Declaration of interestsNone.