bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of nutrient supply and nutrient ratio on diversity–productivity relationships of phytoplankton in the Cau Hai lagoon, Vietnam
Authors: Nhu Y Dang Thi , Hoang Nguyen Tien , Lieu Pham Khac , Harada Hidenori , Brion Natacha , Hieu Duong Van , Hop Nguyen Van , Olde Venterink Harry 
Published: April 2019

AbstractDiversity and productivity of primary producers are known to be influenced simultaneously by resource availability and resource ratio, but the relative importance of these two factors differed among studies and so far only entire phytoplankton communities were investigated which might ignore specific nutrient requirements and stoichiometric plasticity of different functional groups. We measured nutrient availability (DIN, total N [TN], total P [TP]), nutrient imbalance (TN:TP, DIN:TP, N:Pseston), species richness, and abundance of the whole phytoplankton community, as well as those specific for cyanobacteria, diatoms, and dinoflagellates in Cau Hai lagoon in Vietnam. We determined the correlation among these variables, using structural equation modeling. The models applied to the whole phytoplankton community indicated that the nutrient availability (particularly TP and DIN) drove variation in phytoplankton abundance and richness, and that abundance also depended on species richness. The models applied to different functional groups differed considerably from the entire community and among each other, and only a part of the models was significant. The relationship between nutrient availability (mainly TP) and abundance was driven by cyanobacteria, and the relationship between nutrient imbalance (only with N:Pseston) and species richness was driven by diatoms. Remarkably, the positive relationship between species richness and abundance, as consistently observed for the whole phytoplankton community, was only observed for one of the three functional groups (diatoms), indicating that resource complementarity occurs particularly among species of different functional groups. Our results emphasized that nutrient availability (TP and to a lesser extent DIN) as well as nutrient imbalance (albeit only with N:Pseston as proxy) were driving factors for the phytoplankton community in the Cau Hai lagoon and hence alterations in both of these factors leading to a shift in phytoplankton species composition and productivity.
Clinical profiles in acute heart failure: an urgent need for a new approach
Authors: Chapman Brittany , DeVore Adam D. , Mentz Robert J. , Metra Marco 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAcute heart failure (HF) is a major public health concern, responsible for >26 million hospitalizations per year worldwide. Many trials have investigated new therapeutic options for acute HF, with most revealing equivocal results. Successful innovations in therapy for acute HF have remained limited, and standard of care has remained largely unchanged over the past decade, suggesting the need for a new approach for therapeutic decision making and clinical trial design in acute HF. This manuscript focuses on one approach that could prove useful in the development and application of novel therapies: classification of patients based on clinical profiles. While previous attempts at developing clinical profiles were successful in stratifying patients based on clinical and laboratory variables, they have not been utilized for personalized treatment strategies that improve patient outcomes. We suggest a new approach to the creation of clinical profiles that could stratify patients based on their underlying aetiology and their response to novel interventions. We also investigate novel analytic approaches to the creation of new clinical profiles that both investigators and clinicians alike could utilize to inform clinical trial design and the application of new therapies. Despite a large number of clinical trials for new therapeutic options, the treatment of acute HF has seen few advances over the past decades. Innovative approaches to patient selection through the use of clinical profiles could help to identify patients most likely to benefit from novel interventions and lead to the discovery of new therapeutic options.
The influence of MTHFR C677T polymorphism in chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Reis Angela Adamski da Silva , de Alcântara Keila Correia , de Farias Danielle Leão Cordeiro , dos Anjos Laura Raniere Borges , Rodrigues Débora Acyole , Pedrino Gustavo Rodrigues , Santos Rodrigo da Silva 
Published: April 2019

AbstractSome factors have been associated with the etiology of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), among them the Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T polymorphism. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of MTHFR C677T polymorphism in CLL. A case‐control study was conducted with 219 individuals from Brazilian central population. MTHFR C677T polymorphism was determined through PCR‐RFLP followed by PAGE. The T allele frequence was higher in patients diagnosed with CLL than healthy subjects. However, when stratified by gender, the TT genotype was exclusively found in men diagnosed with CLL (p < 0.05). Adjusted multiple logistic regression analysis demonstrated that age was significantly linked to CLL predisposition (odds ratio = 1.08; p < 0.001). Studies evaluating the influence of genetic factors may provide insights on susceptibility for CLL.
A study on the co‐movement and influencing factors of stock markets between China and the other G20 members
Authors: Wang Sen , Guo Zhixiu 
Published: April 2019

AbstractChina A‐shares was formally included in the MSCI Emerging Market Index in June 2018, which indicates that China has taken an important step in the internationalization of the capital market. As the world's second largest economy, stock market co‐movement between China and other of G20 members have become an important part of the world's economic analysis. This paper selects the representative stock index returns rate of G20 members; uses the DCC‐MGARCH model to study the stock market volatility co‐movement of China and other G20 members between January 1, 2015, and March 31, 2018; and uses the two‐way fixed effects model to study on the influencing factors of stock market co‐movement mechanism including economic linkages between China and other G20 members, various aspects of China's domestic fundamentals, and stock market development. It shows that the performance and influencing factors of co‐movement between China and other G20 members are time‐varying. Combined with empirical results, this paper also makes recommendations from the perspectives of investors, policy makers, stock market reform, and macroeconomic transformation.
Treatment of bacterial vaginosis before 28 weeks of pregnancy to reduce the incidence of preterm labor
Authors: Rebouças Karinne F. , Jr. José Eleutério , Peixoto Raquel C. , Costa Ana Paula F. , Cobucci Ricardo N. , Gonçalves Ana K. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundControversy exists regarding the benefits of treating bacterial vaginosis (BV) during pregnancy to reduce the incidence of preterm labor (PTL).ObjectivesTo evaluate whether treatment of BV with vaginal clindamycin or oral metronidazole before 28 weeks of pregnancy reduces PTL incidence.Search strategyPubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct, CENTRAL, and SciELO databases were searched until December 30, 2017. Search terms included “bacterial vaginosis” and “preterm labor.” No language restrictions were applied.Selection criteriaRandomized clinical trials that evaluated treatment of BV with clindamycin or metronidazole to reduce PTL incidence.Data collection and analysisThe risk of PTL was evaluated by the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Dichotomous data from each study were combined for meta‐analysis using the Mantel‐Haenszel model.Main resultsNine reports were included in the systematic review, with eight reports included in the meta‐analysis. No reduction in the incidence of PTL was found for either metronidazole (OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.71–1.25) or clindamycin (OR 1.01, 95% CI 0.75–1.36).ConclusionsUse of oral metronidazole or vaginal clindamycin to treat BV before 28 weeks of pregnancy did not reduce the incidence of PTL.PROSPERO registration: CRD42018086173.
The effects of vitamins and selenium mixture against brain tissue induced byd‐galactosamine
Authors: Tunali Sevim , Catal Tunc , Bolkent Sehnaz , Yanardag Refiye 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBrain damage is a major complication of fulminant hepatic failure.d‐Galactosamine (d‐GalN)‐induced liver toxicity causes damage to brain. The effects of vitamins and selenium mixture againstd‐GalN stimulated brain injury were investigated in this study. Sprague‐Dawley female rats aged 2.0‐2.5 months were used for the study. The rats were divided into four categories. A 0.9% NaCl solution was intraperitoneally given to the experimental rats in the first group. Using gavage technique, the second group of animals were subjected to a formulation consisting of 100 mg·kg−1·day−1vitamin C, 15 mg·kg−1·day−1of β‐carotene, 100 mg·kg−1·day−1of α‐tocopherol in addition to 0.2 mg·kg−1·day−1of sodium selenate for 3 days. The third group was given a single dose ofd‐GalN hydrochloride at the concentration of 500 mg·kg−1through a saline injection. The final group was given similar concentrations of both the antioxidant combination andd‐GalN. Tissue samples were collected under ether anesthesia. The rats treated withd‐GalN showed brain damage; increased myeloperoxidase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione‐S‐transferase, lactate dehydrogenase, and superoxide dismutase activities; and decreased glutathione levels. Treatment with vitamins and selenium combination resulted in alleviation of these alterations in the rats. These findings suggest that administration of the vitamins and selenium combination suppresses oxidative stress and protects brain cells from injury induced byd‐GalN.
Isolation and culture of rat aortic endothelial cells in vitro: A novel approach without collagenase digestion
Authors: Zhu Xiao‐Xiao , Miao Xin‐Yu , Gong Yan‐Ping , Fu Bo , Li Chun‐Lin 
Published: April 2019

AbstractTo study cardiovascular diseases, the isolation and culture of functional endothelial cells are very important. This study uncovered a novel approach to isolate and culture endothelial cells. The thoracic aorta was collected from Wistar rats with the attached tissue clearly removed. These aorta segments were seeded onto a six‐welled plate with the endothelium facing down and removed 2 days after endothelial sprouting started. The endothelial cells were harvested until 80% uneven confluence and cultured for another two passages for use in the following assays: immunofluorescence and flow cytometry assays for endothelial marker expression (CD31 and von Willebrand factor [vWF]), the Dil‐labeled acetylated low‐density lipoprotein (Dil‐Ac‐LDL) uptake assay, the tube formation assay, the Hoechst staining apoptosis assay, the β‐galactosidase staining assay for cell senescence, and the Cell Counting Kit‐8 (CCK‐8) assay for cell viability. Morphologically, the endothelial cells started to migrate away from the aorta after 50 to 72 hours of culture, showing a cobblestone‐like structure. The cultured cells expressed high levels of CD31 and vWF, 94.65% of the cells were positive for CD31, and most of the cells showed low‐density lipoprotein uptake. They were able to form tube‐like structures in vitro and were negatively stained for β‐galactosidase or Hoechst staining. Importantly, the cells at passages 3 and 10 showed similar levels of CCK‐8, β‐galactosidase, Hoechst staining, uptake of Dil‐Ac‐LDL, and capillary tube formation. This novel technique is useful to isolate and culture rat aortic endothelial cells for future studies of endothelial functions and biology. In addition, primary vascular endothelial cells at passages 3 to 10 are suitable for experiments.
The promising novel biomarkers and candidate small molecule drugs in lower‐grade glioma: Evidence from bioinformatics analysis of high‐throughput data
Authors: Zhang Bo , Wu Qiong , Xu Ran , Hu Xinyi , Sun Yidan , Wang Qiuhong , Ju Fei , Ren Shiqi , Zhang Chenlin , Qi Fuwei , Ma Qianqian , Wang Ziheng , Zhou You Lang 
Published: April 2019

AbstractOverall survival of patients with low‐grade glioma (LGG) has shown no significant improvement over the past 30 years, with survival averaging approximately 7 years. This study aimed to identify novel promising biomarkers of LGG and reveal its potential molecular mechanisms by integrated bioinformatics analysis. The microarray datasets of GSE68848 and GSE4290 were selected from GEO database for integrated analysis. In total, 293 overlapping differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected using the limma package. One hundred and eighty‐eight nodes with 603 interactions were obtained from the establishment of protein‐protein interaction (PPI) network. Functional and signaling pathway enriched were significantly correlated with the synapse and calcium signaling pathway, respectively. Module analysis revealed eight hub genes with high connectivity, which included CHRM1, DLG2, GABRD, GRIN1, HTR2A, KCNJ3, KCNJ9, and NUSAP1, and they were markedly correlated with patients’ prognosis. The mining of the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis database and qPCR further confirmed the abnormal expression of these key genes with their prognostic value in LGG. We eventually predicted the 20 most vital small molecule drugs, which potentially reverse the carcinogenic state of LGG, as per the CMap (connectivity map) database and these DEGs, and MS‐275 (enrichment score = −0.939) was considered as the most promising small molecule to treat LGG. In conclusion, our study provided eight reliable novel molecular biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis prediction, and treatment targets for LGG. These conclusions will contribute to a better comprehension of molecular mechanisms fundamental to LGG occurrence and progression, and providing new insights for future development of genomic individualized treatment in LGG.
Leptin −2548 G/A polymorphisms are associated to clinical progression of oral cancer and sensitive to oral tumorization in nonsmoking population
Authors: Hung Wei‐Chen , Tsai Chiung‐Man , Lin Chiao‐Wen , Chuang Chun‐Yi , Yang Shun‐Fa , Weng Chia‐Jui 
Published: April 2019

AbstractOral cancer is causally associated with environmental carcinogens, and the susceptibility to carcinogen‐mediated tumorigenesis is proposed to be genotype‐dependent. Leptin (LEP) and leptin receptor (LEPR) both play a crucial role in the mediation of physiological reactions and carcinogenesis and may serve as a candidate biomarker of oral cancer. The current case‐control study aimed to examine the effects of LEP −2548 G/A (rs7799039), LEPR K109R (rs1137100), and LEPR Q223R (rs1137101) single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with or without interacting to environmental carcinogens on the risk for oral squamous cell carcinoma. The SNPs of three genetic allele, from 567 patients with oral cancer and 560 healthy controls in Taiwan were analyzed. The results shown that the patients with polymorphic allele of LEP −2548 have a significant low risk for the development of clinical stage (A/G: adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 0.670, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.454‐0.988, P < 0.05; A/G + G/G: AOR = 0.676, 95% CI = 0.467‐0.978, P < 0.05) compared to patients with ancestral homozygous A/A genotype. In addition, an interesting result was found that the impact of LEP −2548 G/A SNP on oral carcinogenesis in subjects without tobacco consumption is higher than subjects with tobacco consumption. These results suggest that the genetic polymorphism of LEP −2548 G/A (rs7799039), LEPR K109R (rs1137100), and LEPR Q223R (rs1137101) were not associated to the susceptibility of oral cancer; SNP in LEP −2548 G/A showed a poor clinicopathological development of oral cancer; population without tobacco consumption and with polymorphic LEP −2548 G/A gene may significantly increase the risk to have oral cancer.
“I've had to bury a lot of kids over the years…”: Violence prevention streetworkers' exposure to trauma
Authors: Free Janese L. , MacDonald Helen Z. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAimsStreetworkers are front‐line workers employed to engage at‐risk youth and prevent, intervene, and respond to incidents of community youth violence. Streetworkers are often exposed to violence and its aftermath, though little is known about the specific types of trauma to which streetworkers are exposed.MethodsThis study seeks to explore this question via in‐depth, semistructured interviews with 37 streetworkers from a large city in the United States.ResultsThe qualitative results revealed that the streetworkers in this sample experienced a range of types of trauma. Streetworkers were less likely to be directly exposed to traumatic events in the context of their jobs, yet were more likely to witness, learn about, or experience repeated exposure to aversive details of traumatic events.ConclusionsDespite their exposure to trauma, very few participants described seeking psychological treatment, self‐care, or new vocation. We discuss our findings and make recommendations to bolster support for streetworkers.
Retracted: GABARAP promotes bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells‐based the osteoarthritis cartilage regeneration through the inhibition of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway
Authors: Wu Zhengyuan , Lu Huiping , Yao Jun , Zhang Xiaohan , Huang Yimei , Ma Shiting , Zou Kai , Wei Yan , Yang Zhengyi , Li Jia , Zhao Jinmin 
Published: April 2019

AbstractOsteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease of the cartilage prevalent in the middle‐aged and elderly demographic. Direct transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) or stem cell‐derived chondrocytes into the damaged cartilage is a promising therapeutic strategy for OA, but is limited by the poor survival and in situ stability of the chondrocytes. Autophagy is a unique catabolic pathway conserved across eukaryotes that maintains cellular homeostasis, recycles damaged proteins and organelles, and promotes survival. The aim of this study was to determine the role of the proautophagic γ‐aminobutyric acid receptor‐associated protein (GABARAP) on the therapeutic effects of BMSCs‐derived chondrocytes in a rat model of OA, and elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) was performed in Sprague–Dawley rats to simulate OA, and the animals were injected weekly with recombinant human His6‐GABARAP protein, BMSCs‐derived differentiated chondrocytes (DCs) or their combination directly into the knee cartilage. The regenerative effects of GABARAP and/or DCs were determined in term of International Cartilage Repair Society scores and cartilage thickness. The combination treatment of DCs and GABARAP significantly increased the levels of the ECM proteins Col II and SOX9, indicating formation of hyaline‐like cartilage, and decreased chondrocyte apoptosis and inflammation. DCs + GABARAP treatment also upregulated the mediators of the autophagy pathway and suppressed the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, indicating a mechanistic basis of its therapeutic action.
Histaminergic transmission slows progression of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Apolloni Savina , Amadio Susanna , Fabbrizio Paola , Morello Giovanna , Spampinato Antonio Gianmaria , Latagliata Emanuele Claudio , Salvatori Illari , Proietti Daisy , Ferri Alberto , Madaro Luca , Puglisi‐Allegra Stefano , Cavallaro Sebastiano , Volonté Cinzia 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundHistamine is an immune modulator, neuroprotective, and remyelinating agent, beneficially acting on skeletal muscles and promoting anti‐inflammatory features in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) microglia. Drugs potentiating the endogenous release of histamine are in trial for neurological diseases, with a role not systematically investigated in ALS. Here, we examine histamine pathway associations in ALS patients and the efficacy of a histamine‐mediated therapeutic strategy in ALS mice.MethodsWe adopted an integrative multi‐omics approach combining gene expression profiles, copy number variants, and single nucleotide polymorphisms of ALS patients. We treated superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1)‐G93A mice that recapitulate key ALS features, with the brain‐permeable histamine precursor histidine in the symptomatic phase of the disease and analysed the rescue from disease pathological signs. We examined the action of histamine in cultured SOD1‐G93A motor neuron‐like cells.ResultsWe identified 13 histamine‐related genes deregulated in the spinal cord of two ALS patient subgroups, among which genes involved in histamine metabolism, receptors, transport, and secretion. Some histamine‐related genes overlapped with genomic regions disrupted by DNA copy number and with ALS‐linked pathogenic variants. Histidine treatment in SOD1‐G93A mice proved broad efficacy in ameliorating ALS features, among which most importantly lifespan, motor performance, microgliosis, muscle atrophy, and motor neurons survival in vivo and in vitro.ConclusionsOur gene set/pathway enrichment analyses and preclinical studies started at the onset of symptoms establish that histamine‐related genes are modifiers in ALS, supporting their role as candidate biomarkers and therapeutic targets. We disclose a novel important role for histamine in the characterization of the multi‐gene network responsible for ALS and, furthermore, in the drug development process.
Self‐leadership in the context of part‐time teleworking
Authors: Müller Teresa , Niessen Cornelia 
Published: April 2019

SummaryEmployees who work periodically in both a traditional office and home office (part‐time teleworkers) face opportunities and risks related to both working locations. As self‐leadership might play a crucial role in this context, we examined within‐person variations in self‐leadership (self‐reward, self‐punishment, self‐cueing, self‐goal setting, imagining successful performance, and evaluation of beliefs and assumptions) on home days and office days. In a typical workweek, 195 part‐time teleworkers filled out daily surveys (729 days), and we examined the relationship between working location (office and home) and self‐leading behavior as well as the mediating role of autonomy. Finally, we investigated whether self‐leading behavior relates to ego depletion and work satisfaction at the end of the working day. Multilevel analyses revealed that part‐time teleworkers reported higher use of self‐reward, self‐goal setting, and visualization of successful performance on home days than on office days. The association between working location and self‐reward, self‐goal setting, visualization of successful performance, and evaluation of beliefs and assumptions was mediated by autonomy. There were no indirect effects of working location on ego depletion through self‐leadership. However, we found that on home days, part‐time teleworkers were more satisfied with their job at the end of the workday through self‐goal setting.