bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Numerical investigation of failure evolution for the surrounding rock of a super‐large section chamber group in a deep coal mine
Authors: Tan Yunliang , Fan Deyuan , Liu Xuesheng , Song Shilin , Li Xianfeng , Wang Honglei 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe stability control of surrounding rock for a large or super‐large section chamber group is a difficult technical problem in deep mining conditions, and this stability control has become one of the most important factors restricting the safety of a large‐scale coal mine. Based on the in‐site geological conditions of a super‐large section chamber group that functions for a coal gangues separation system in the Longgu Coal Mine, we first researched the stress, deformation, and failure characteristics of the in‐site chamber group surrounding rocks by using the FLAC3D software. Simulation results showed that the maximum vertical stress, deformation, and failure range of the surrounding rock for a super‐large section chamber group are larger than those of an ordinary section chamber. In addition, the roof subsidence and the plastic zone radius at the intersection are obviously larger than that of other parts, which increase by approximately 50.8% and 44.4%, respectively. Therefore, the chamber group intersection should be taken as the key area for surrounding rock control. Then, the influences of two key parameters of the chamber group, spacing and angle, were researched in detail to help in the design of the chamber group. Results show that when the chamber spacing is 80 m, the interaction begins to occur. When the angle is 70°, the stress of the surrounding rock and roof subsidence reach the minimum. Thus, the optimum chamber group parameters are determined to be a spacing of 80 m and an angle of 70°. Finally, from the perspective of chamber group stability, the optimal chamber group parameters can better meet the normal use for the super‐large section chamber group. This research provides a reference for the design of a super‐large section chamber group under the same or similar conditions and provides a strategy for controlling the surrounding rock.
Construction of biogas metabolic pathway in a low‐temperature biogas fermentation system
Authors: Yang Bin , Yin Fang , Wang Changmei , Zhao Xingling , Liu Jing , Wu Kai , Yang Hong , Zhang Wudi 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe main objective of this study was to establish the metabolic pathway of a biogas fermentation system active at low temperature, and to describe the bacterial and archaeal methanogenic species responsible. A biogas fermentation inoculum adapted to be active at 9°C was used in a 10‐L batch‐type temperature‐controlled fermentor, using pig manure as the raw material. Fermentation at 9°C was followed for 120 days. A combination of nonbiological and biological factors was analyzed. Species were identified from OTU analysis based on 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing, and correlation analysis was used to study the effect of nonbiological factors, bacterial communities, and archaea communities. Biogas production was most effective between days 50 and 90, where gas production was above 0.70 L/d and the CH4 yield was above 0.36 L/g‐volatile solid. The relative abundance of the first dominant bacterial OTU with 99% identity to Clostridium cellulovorans varied between 16.17% and 27.30%. These bacteria typically degrade cellulose and hemicellulose. The second dominant bacterial OTU (relative abundance 15.23%‐27.15%) was 99% identical to Terrisporobacter petrolearius, a typical fermentative species. The most abundant (4.15%‐37.14%) archaeal OTU was 98% identical to Methanocorpusculum sinense, which is a typical hydrogenotrophic methanogen. A low‐temperature biogas metabolic pathway was constructed, based on abundant bacterial and methanogen OTUs. The most suitable metabolic pathway describes that hydrogen is produced by one part of the community and then used to reduce the produced carbon dioxide into CH4; this seems to be the major pathway by which biogas is produced under low‐temperature conditions.
Double‐strand breakage in the extrachromosomal double minutes triggers their aggregation in the nucleus, micronucleation, and morphological transformation
Authors: Oobatake Yoshihiro , Shimizu Noriaki 
Published: October 2019

AbstractGene amplification plays a pivotal role in malignant transformation. Amplified genes often reside on extrachromosomal double minutes (DMs). Low‐dose hydroxyurea induces DM aggregation in the nucleus which, in turn, generates micronuclei composed of DMs. Low‐dose hydroxyurea also induces random double‐strand breakage throughout the nucleus. In the present study, we found that double‐strand breakage in DMs is sufficient for induction of DM aggregation. Here, we used CRISPR/Cas9 to introduce specific breakages in both natural and artificially tagged DMs of human colorectal carcinoma COLO 320DM cells. Aggregation occurred in the S phase but not in the G1 phase within 4 hours after breakage, which suggested the possible involvement of homologous recombination in the aggregation of numerous DMs. Simultaneous detection of DMs and the phosphorylated histone H2AX revealed that the aggregation persisted after breakage repair. Thus, the aggregate generated cytoplasmic micronuclei at the next interphase. Our data also suggested that micronuclear entrapment eliminated the DMs or morphologically transformed them into giant DMs or homogeneously staining regions (HSRs). In this study, we obtained a model explaining the consequences of DMs after double‐strand breakage in cancer cells. Because double‐strand breakage is frequently involved in cancer therapy, the model suggests how it affects gene amplification.
Natural fractures within Knox reservoirs in the Appalachian Basin: characterization and impact on poroelastic response of injection
Authors: Raziperchikolaee Samin , Babarinde Ola , Sminchak Joel , Gupta Neeraj 
Published: October 2019

AbstractUnderstanding the distribution and orientation of natural fractures within Knox Groups is of significance in seeking potential CO2storage zones with high practical storage capacity. Over 700 observations of natural fractures were interpreted on acquired resistivity and acoustic image logs collected at multiple well locations ranging in depth from 730 to 3900 m in the Knox Group interval on the western flank of Appalachian Basin. We evaluated the structural parameters of the fractures using statistical analysis. Natural fracture intensity was observed to increase up‐dip within the studied area. The present day maximum horizontal stress direction was derived using the interpretation of wellbore breakouts and drilling‐induced tensile fractures in image logs. Overall, a high percentage of fractures with varying dip directions were observed to strike subparallel to the contemporary maximum horizontal stress direction. Multiphase flow–geomechanics coupled numerical simulations and poromechanics analytical solutions were then used to study pressure and stress response of CO2injection into the fractured Knox reservoirs. In addition, we applied a dual permeability model combined with a fracture activation model to study the permeability enhancement and its effect on injection mass increase. We also showed the line source injection solution can reasonably predict stress changes of CO2injection into the deep saline formations. Results were analyzed to understand the potential effect of natural fractures in sandstone formations and fractured layers in thick carbonate formations on CO2‐injected mass, time‐dependent stress evolution, and the ratio of stress to pore pressure changes. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Business group affiliation and foreign subsidiary performance
Authors: Castaldi Sarah , Gubbi Sathyajit R. , Kunst Vincent E. , Beugelsdijk Sjoerd 
Published: October 2019

AbstractResearch SummaryBusiness group (BG) affiliation affects the strategic behavior and performance of firms. Until now it has been theoretically unclear and insufficiently empirically tested whether affiliation advantages extend to the foreign subsidiaries of group members. We attempt to determine if they do, and if so, to identify the boundary conditions that matter. We analyze a large panel of 451 foreign subsidiaries of 136 Indian multinational firms over the 2003–2012 period and find that BG affiliation does enhance foreign subsidiary performance when host‐market institutions are weak and when the parent is in manufacturing.Managerial SummaryOur research speaks directly to managers of multinational firms who seek to leverage the benefits of BG affiliation across national borders. We show that BG affiliation is only beneficial when the foreign subsidiary is located in a country characterized by weak institutions and when the parent is in manufacturing. If, on the other hand, the foreign subsidiary is in a country with well‐functioning institutions and the parent in services, managers will not be able to count on BG advantages, rather they will have to develop competitive capabilities locally, that is, the foreign subsidiary will have to function more like a standalone firm.
Genetic counselors’ comfort and knowledge of cancer risk assessment for transgender patients
Authors: Berro Tala , Zayhowski Kimberly , Field Tessa , Channaoui Nadine , Sotelo Jilliane 
Published: September 2019

AbstractTransgender individuals are often their own health advocates, especially if seeking hormone therapies and gender‐affirmation surgeries. While literature exists in the genetic counseling field that explores the relationship between genetic counselors and lesbian, gay, and bisexual patients, there is less research that directly addresses transgender patients. This study assessed cancer genetic counselors’ education, knowledge, and comfort with transgender health issues, such as hormone therapies and gender affirmation surgeries. A survey evaluated comfort with relevant vocabulary terms and performance on written case vignettes to approximate how cancer genetic counselors would facilitate conversations with transgender patients about cancer risks. Conclusions drawn in this study are representative of this subpopulation, which is skewed toward a younger population. Mean similarity between responses and predetermined correct answers on the case vignettes was 78.5%. A majority of participants endorsed wanting more education on implications of transgender identity on cancer risk assessment, a need underscored by some participants reporting their discomfort asking about gender pronouns. There was an overall lack of consensus on breast cancer screening based on estrogen therapy, pedigree symbol use, and testing of a minor prior to hormone therapy. This study adds to the growing literature that highlights the educational needs specific to genetic counseling to promote individualized care for transgender patients.
Bacterial colonization of the stomach and duodenum in a Swedish population with and without proton pump inhibitor treatment
Authors: Arroyo Vázquez Jorge Alberto , Henning Claes , Park Per‐Ola , Bergström Maria 
Published: October 2019

Background and AimMicrobial contamination of the abdominal cavity is a serious concern during transgastric endoscopic interventions and perforations, particularly in patients who have inhibited gastric acid secretion due to treatment with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs).The aim of this study was to investigate the gastric and duodenal bacterial flora in patients with and without PPI treatment.MethodsPatients referred for gastroscopy, without recent antibiotic treatment, were eligible for inclusion. Use of PPIs was recorded. Samples for bacterial culturing were obtained from the antrum of the stomach and from the duodenal bulb through a gastroscope. Positive cultures were examined for bacterial types and subtypes. Biopsies were taken in the antrum for urease test to detect Helicobacter pylori.ResultsBacterial cultures from the stomach were obtained from 103 patients, and duodenal samples were also cultured from 49 of them, for a total of 53 patients with PPI use and 50 patients without. Positive gastric cultures were found in 42 of 53 patients with PPI use and in 13 of 50 without (P < 0.0001). Duodenal cultures were positive in 20 of 24 with PPI and 8 of 25 without (P < 0.0001). The most commonly identified bacterial species were oral strains of Streptococcus, followed by Neisseria and Haemophilus influenzae. Of 103 patients, 10 had a positive urease test, indicating H. pylori infection, 1 with PPI and 9 without.ConclusionsBacterial growth in the stomach and duodenum is more common in patients with PPI treatment. The dominating bacterial species found in the stomach and duodenum originates from the oropharynx.Clinical trials registry: Trial registration number 98041 in Researchweb (FoU in Sweden).
Decrease in major secondary bile acid, hyodeoxycholic acid, was the main alteration in hepatic bile acid compositions in a hypertensive nonalcoholic fatty liver disease model
Authors: Kodama Masanobu , Kanno Keishi , Kishikawa Nobusuke , Takei Hajime , Nittono Hiroshi , Tazuma Susumu 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundPrevious findings on hepatic bile acid compositions in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) have been inconsistent and complicated. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of steatosis on hepatic bile acid composition in a hypertensive NAFLD model without obesity and diabetes mellitus and compare hepatic bile acid composition between hypertensive rats with and without steatosis.MethodsTwo groups of hypertensive rats were studied: spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) fed with a normal diet (SHR‐N) or a choline‐deficient diet (SHR‐CD). Two groups of normotensive rats were studied: Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY) fed a normal diet (WKY‐N) or a choline‐deficient diet (WKY‐CD). Hepatic bile acid analysis was performed using liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization–tandem mass spectrometry.ResultsRegarding bile acid composition, the hyodeoxycholic acid (HDCA) species in the SHR‐CD group showed the largest change in bile acid composition, significantly decreasing to 21.9% of that found in the SHR‐N group. In the WKY‐CD group, no reduction of HDCA species was observed.ConclusionsWe demonstrated that the decrease in HDCA species was the main alteration in a hypertensive NAFLD model. It was suggested that the decrease in HDCA species in the SHR‐CD group was caused by dysbiosis.
Hypothermic perfusion hepatectomy for unresectable liver cancer: A single‐center experience
Authors: Yoon Young‐In , Lee Sung‐Gyu , Moon Deok‐Bog , Kim Ki‐Hun , Park Cheon‐Soo , Park Gil‐Chun , Cho Yong‐Pil 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe resection of liver tumors that involve the hepatic veins adjacent to the vena cava or hepatic hilum is technically challenging. We present our surgical techniques and the long‐term outcome of five patients with conventionally unresectable tumors.MethodsFive patients with conventionally unresectable tumors were successfully treated by “ex‐situ liver resection” and “in‐situ and ante‐situm hypothermic liver perfusion” under total vascular exclusion and venovenous bypass.ResultsThese approaches allowed complete tumor removal with vascular reconstruction under a bloodless surgical field, while minimizing hepatic ischemic injury and preserving liver function. No perioperative mortalities occurred, and postoperative complications were minimal. The postoperative survival periods were limited due to the advanced malignancies in our patients, but the survival benefit was encouraging. The median postoperative survival time was 29.1 months, with the longest survival period being nearly 10 years. These approaches improved the quality of life and provided an opportunity for additional treatment.ConclusionsHypothermic perfusion hepatectomy is a realistic option for achieving surgical cure or significantly improved survival and quality of life in patients with tumors deemed unresectable using conventional normothermic hepatectomy. These approaches can overcome the limitations of the liver's restricted normothermic ischemia tolerance or inaccessible tumor locations.
MRI safety and devices: An update and expert consensus
Authors: Jabehdar Maralani Pejman , Schieda Nicola , Hecht Elizabeth M. , Litt Harold , Hindman Nicole , Heyn Chinthaka , Davenport Matthew S. , Zaharchuk Greg , Hess Christopher P. , Weinreb Jeffrey 
Published: October 2019

The use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is increasing globally, and MRI safety issues regarding medical devices, which are constantly being developed or upgraded, represent an ongoing challenge for MRI personnel. To assist the MRI community, a panel of 10 radiologists with expertise in MRI safety from nine high‐volume academic centers formed, with the objective of providing clarity on some of the MRI safety issues for the 10 most frequently questioned devices. Ten device categories were identified. The panel reviewed the literature, including key MRI safety issues regarding screening and adverse event reports, in addition to the manufacturer's Instructions For Use. Using a Delphi‐inspired method, 36 practical recommendations were generated with 100% consensus that can aid the clinical MRI community.Level of Evidence: 5Technical Efficacy Stage: 5J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;51:657–674.
Auditory temporal acuity improves with age in the male mouse auditory thalamus: A role for perineuronal nets?
Authors: Quraishe Shmma , Newman Tracey , Anderson Lucy 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe ability to perceive and interpret environmental sound accurately is conserved across many species and is fundamental for understanding communication via vocalizations. Auditory acuity and temporally controlled neuronal firing underpin this ability. Deterioration in neuronal firing precision likely contributes to poorer hearing performance, yet the role of neural processing by key nuclei in the central auditory pathways is not fully understood. Here, we record from the auditory thalamus (medial geniculate body [MGB]) of young and middle‐aged, normally hearing male CBA/Ca mice. We report changes in temporal processing of auditory stimuli, with neurons recorded from ventral and medial MGB subdivisions of older animals more likely to synchronize to rapid temporally varying stimuli. MGB subdivisions also showed increased probability of neuronal firing and shorter response latencies to clicks in older animals. Histological investigation of neuronal extracellular specializations, perineuronal nets (PNNs) and axonal coats, in the MGB identified greater organization of PNNs around MGB neurons and the presence of axonal coats within older animals. This supports the observation that neural responses recorded from ventral and medial MGB of older mice were more likely to synchronize to temporally varying stimuli presented at faster repetition rates than those recorded from young adult animals. These changes are observed in animals with normal hearing thresholds, confirming that neural processing differs between the MGB subdivisions and such processing is associated with age‐related changes to PNNs. Understanding these age‐related changes and how they occur have important implications for the design of effective therapeutic interventions to improve speech intelligibility into later life.
Development and validation of a risk stratification model for immediate microvascular breast reconstruction
Authors: Roy Mélissa , Sebastiampillai Stephanie , Haykal Siba , Zhong Toni , Hofer Stefan O. P. , O'Neill Anne C. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundImmediate breast reconstruction has many advantages but is associated with higher complication rates than delayed reconstruction. Complications can delay the delivery of adjuvant cancer treatments. This study aimed to develop and validate a risk stratification model for the prediction of perioperative complications in immediate microvascular breast reconstruction.MethodsThe association between patient and treatment variables and perioperative complications was evaluated in a retrospective cohort of 351 women undergoing immediate breast reconstruction using free deep inferior epigastric artery perforator flaps. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine the strength of association and weighted scores were assigned. Using cumulative risk scores, patients were stratified into low, intermediate, and high‐risk groups. The model was then validated in a prospective cohort of 100 consecutive patients.ResultsObesity, smoking, prior radiation, and comorbidities were important predictors and incorporated into the risk model. Complications occurred in 23.5% of low‐risk (95% confidence interval [CI] = 17.7‐29.2), 38.4% of intermediate‐risk (95% CI = 29.2‐47.5) and 53.9% of high‐risk (95% CI = 33.3‐74.4) patients. Validation confirmed a linear relationship between the risk stratification categories and complications in a model with good predictive power (c‐statistic = 0.7, 95% CI = 0.6‐0.8).ConclusionA simple risk score, based on known preoperative variables, provides accurate risk stratification for patients considering immediate microvascular breast reconstruction.
Total endoscopic stapes surgery: Systematic review and pooled analysis of audiological outcomes
Authors: Hall Andrew C. , Mandavia Rishi , Selvadurai David 
Published: October 2019

ObjectiveThis study evaluates the current evidence base for total endoscopic stapes surgery, specifically to establish current efficacy and safety of the technique within clinical practice.Data SourcesA systematic review of the literature on endoscopic stapes surgery was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analysis checklist. A comprehensive search of PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials database for relevant publications for all available dates with appropriate Medical Subject Headings search criteria in January 2018.Study SelectionOut of the 160 articles identified in the search, 14 met the inclusion criteria for further analysis. Four of these were level III and 10 level IV evidence.Data ExtractionA pooled patient population of 314 individuals was analyzed.Data SynthesisDocumented postoperative air bone gap closure to within 20 dB was found in 95.3% of individuals (285 patients). Facial nerve palsy (temporary) occurred in three patients (0.6%), with all recovering. No total sensorineural hearing losses were recorded, but two moderate sensorineural hearing losses occurred (0.6%). Perilymph fistula was noted on four occasions (1.3%). Chorda tympani trauma was documented in 3.5% of cases, with taste disturbance documented in 13 patients (5%).ConclusionsOur pooled analysis uses the current published evidence to establish the complication rate and audiological outcome for the endoscopic approach to stapes surgery. These outcomes are comparable to those documented in traditional use of the microscope for stapedectomy.Laryngoscope, 130:1282–1286, 2020