bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Losses of soil, water, organic carbon and nutrients caused by water erosion in different crops and natural savannah in the northern Amazon
Authors: Souza Fernando Gomes de , Melo Valdinar Ferreira , Araújo Wellington Farias , Araújo Thiago Henrique de Castro 
Published: December 2018

Currently in Brazil, the main form of erosion is caused by the impact of raindrops on the soil surface, triggering the process of water erosion and causing serious damage to agricultural areas. This study evaluated losses of soil, water, organic carbon and nutrients in different cultures, bare soil and savanna under natural rain. The experimental design was completely randomized with five treatments (bare soil - BS, cowpea bean - CB, Brachiaria brizantha - BB, corn - CO and natural savanna – SN) with three replications; The treatment of bare soil (BS), followed by the treatment cultivated with cowpea bean (CB) showed higher losses of soil, water, organic carbon and nutrients; The highest losses of soil, water, organic carbon and nutrients in the treatment of bare soil (BS) occurred during the period of greatest erosivity; but for treatments CB, BB and CO, the highest losses occurred during the establishment of the crop, in view of the lower soil cover. Soils cultivated with Brachiaria brizantha - BB, corn - CO and in the Natural Savana - SN area were more efficient in reducing soil and water losses during all months evaluated. Plant cover produced by the (SN) treatment and by the (BB) and (CO) treatments acted to reduce the harmful effects of erosion, minimizing losses of nutrients and organic carbon. The soil should be well protected during periods when rainfall presents the highest values of erosivity index.
Mediação cultural e bibliotecas: perspectivas conceituais na ciência da informação no Brasil
Authors: Rasteli Alessandro , Caldas Rosângela Formentini 
Published: December 2018

Apresenta as perspectivas conceituais sobre a mediação cultural em bibliotecas na produção científica da Ciência da Informação no Brasil. Explora a Base de Dados de Periódicos em Ciência da Informação (BRAPCI), a Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações (IBICT), os Anais do Encontro Nacional de Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação em Ciência da Informação (BENANCIB), o Portal de Periódicos CAPES/MEC e a Library and Information Science Abstracts (LISA). A metodologia constituiu-se em pesquisa de natureza qualitativa, de tipo bibliográfica e descritiva. Pretende-se colaborar e fomentar o debate epistemológico sobre a mediação cultural nas áreas da Ciência da Informação e da Biblioteconomia em âmbito brasileiro.
Characterization of ozone deposition to a mixed oak–hornbeam forest – flux measurements at five levels above and inside the canopy and their interactions with nitric oxide
Authors: Finco Angelo , Coyle Mhairi , Nemitz Eiko , Marzuoli Riccardo , Chiesa Maria , Loubet Benjamin , Fares Silvano , Diaz-Pines Eugenio , Gasche Rainer , Gerosa Giacomo 
Published: December 2018

Abstract. A 1-month field campaign of ozone (O3) flux measurements along a
five-level vertical profile above, inside and below the canopy was run in a
mature broadleaf forest of the Po Valley, northern Italy. The study aimed to
characterize O3 flux dynamics and their interactions with
nitrogen oxides (NOx) fluxes from the forest soil and the
atmosphere above the canopy. Ozone fluxes measured at the levels above the
canopy were in good agreement, thus confirming the validity of the constant
flux hypothesis, while below-canopy O3 fluxes were lower than
above. However, at the upper canopy edge O3 fluxes were
surprisingly higher than above during the morning hours. This was attributed
to a chemical O3 sink due to a reaction with the nitric oxide (NO)
emitted from soil and deposited from the atmosphere, thus converging at the
top of the canopy. Moreover, this mechanism was favored by the morning
coupling between the forest and the atmosphere, while in the afternoon the
fluxes at the upper canopy edge became similar to those of the levels above
as a consequence of the in-canopy stratification. Nearly 80 % of the
O3 deposited to the forest ecosystem was removed by the canopy by
stomatal deposition, dry deposition on physical surfaces and by ambient
chemistry reactions (33.3 % by the upper canopy layer and 46.3 % by the
lower canopy layer). Only a minor part of O3 was removed by the
understorey vegetation and the soil surface (2 %), while the remaining
18.2 % was consumed by chemical reaction with NO emitted from soil. The
collected data could be used to improve the O3 risk assessment for
forests and to test the predicting capability of O3 deposition
models. Moreover, these data could help multilayer canopy models to separate
the influence of ambient chemistry vs. O3 dry deposition on the
observed fluxes.
Effect of the water stress on gross primary production modeling of a Mediterranean oak savanna ecosystem
Authors: Gómez-Giráldez Pedro J. , Carpintero Elisabet , Ramos Mario , Aguilar Cristina , González-Dugo María P. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract. Dehesa ecosystem consists of widely-spaced oak trees combined with
crops, pasture and Mediterranean shrubs. It is located in the southwest of
the Iberian Peninsula, where water scarcity is recurrent, severely affecting
the multiple productions and services of the ecosystem. Upscaling in situ
Gross Primary Production (GPP) estimates in these areas is challenging for
regional and global studies, given the significant spatial variability of
plant functional types and the vegetation stresses usually present. The
estimation of GPP is often addressed using light use efficiency models
(LUE-models). Under soil water deficit conditions, biomass production is
reduced below its potential rate. This work investigates the effect of
different parameterizations to account for water stress on GPP estimates and
their agreement with observations. Ground measurements of GPP are obtained
using an Eddy Covariance (EC) system installed over an experimental site
located in Córdoba, Spain. GPP is estimated with a LUE-model in the
footprint of the EC tower using several approaches: a fixed value taken from
previous literature; a fixed value modified by daily weather conditions; and
both formulations modified by an additional coefficient to explicitly
consider the vegetation water stress. The preliminary results obtained during
two hydrological years (2015/2016 and 2016/2017) are compared, focusing on
specific wet and dry periods.
Signalen van de Hoge Raad naar de wetgever
Authors: Feteris M.W.C. 
Published: December 2018

Signalen van de Hoge Raad naar de wetgever
Dit artikel is een bewerking van een lezing die de auteur op 11 april 2018 heeft gehouden voor de Academie voor Wetgeving, en waarin hij de achtergronden heeft toegelicht van het besluit van de Hoge Raad om systematischer werk te gaan maken van signalen naar de wetgever.
Indoor Air Pollution, Sorbent Selection, and Analytical Techniques for Volatile Organic Compounds
Authors: Senthilnathan Jaganathan , Kim Ki-Hyun , Kim Jo-Chun , Lee Jin-Hong , Song Hee Nam 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Indoor air quality has received wide spread attention due to the recognition of the presence of diverse toxic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and their harmful impacts on human health. This review discusses the chemicals in indoor air and their sources and associated chemical (primary/secondary) reactions. The merits and demerits of commercially available adsorbents and synthetically prepared carbon/non-carbon-based adsorbents for indoor air sampling are discussed. Also, important parameters (like breakthrough volume, specific adsorption capacity, reaction mechanism, and desorption efficiency) are evaluated. The recent advancements in analytical techniques and insight into the complexity involved in air sampling are emphasized. The application of commercially available adsorbents and synthetically prepared carbon/non-carbon-based adsorbents for indoor air sample collection are discussed.
Long-term Monitoring of Metal Elements in Total Suspended Particle Aerosols Simultaneously Collected at Three Islands in Okinawa, Japan
Authors: Itoh Akihide , Oshiro Yoshito , Azechi Sotaro , Somada Yuka , Handa Daishi , Miyagi Yoichi , Nakano Kazuhiko , Tanahara Akira , Arakaki Takemitsu 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
In the present study, total suspended particle (TSP) aerosols were simultaneously collected using identical high-volume air samplers at three islands in Okinawa; Cape Hedo Atmosphere and Aerosol Monitoring Station (CHAAMS, Okinawa Island), from 2008 to 2012 Kume Island (KM, ca. 160 km south-west of CHAAMS), and Minami-Daitou Island (MD, ca. 320 km south-east of CHAAMS) from 2008 to 2010. The sample collected were analyzed using energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (ED-XRF) and synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (SR-XRF) to investigation long-range transport of metal elements to Okinawa from the Asian continent. From analytical data on samples collected at CHAAMS for five years, it was found that most elements (Ca, Fe, Ti, Mn, V, Cu, Ni, Pb, As, and Zn) in TSP aerosols showed higher concentrations in the period from October to May, when the continental air mass passed over Okinawa, regardless of Asian dust events. The annual average concentrations of Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, and Pb in TSP aerosol samples collected at three islands gradually decreased as the TSP aerosols traveled from west to east in any year. Based on the enrichment factors (EFs) and concentration ratios, it is considered that most of anthropogenic elements such as As, Pb, and Zn in TSP aerosols are derived from coal combustion in the Asian continent. Moreover, it is confirmed from the direction of the air mass reaching the sampling sites that Cu, Zn, As, and Pb in TSP aerosols were transported to the three islands in Okinawa by air mass not only from northwest and north, but also from the west. These TSP aerosols transported from the Asian continent may influences not only the atmospheric environment but also the concentrations of trace metals in coastal seawater in Okinawa, which have to be kept extremely low to preserve the diverse and unique ecosystem in coral reefs.
Bias Correction for Forecasting PM2.5 Concentrations Using Measurement Data from Monitoring Stations by Region
Authors: Ghim Young Sung , Choi Yongjoo , Kim Soontae , Bae Chang Han , Park Jinsoo , Shin Hye Jung 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
The model and forecasting performances were evaluated to investigate the effectiveness of bias correction for forecasting PM2.5 concentrations for the period May 2012 to December 2014. Measured concentrations of PM2.5 and major components were obtained from five monitoring stations by region in the Korean Peninsula, and predicted concentrations were obtained from PM2.5 simulations using WRF model v3.4.1 and the CMAQ modeling system v4.7.1. Underestimation was prevalent at all stations for all components except NO3
−. The effect of bias correction was pronounced at the Gangwon station, where the difference in PM2.5 between measured and predicted concentrations was largest. The performances for SO4
2− and the unresolved other component were primarily improved, whereas the performance for NO3
−, which was originally overestimated, was degraded. The accuracy of the four-level forecast was moderate at 58% overall, but the probability of detection(POD) of high-concentration events was low at 23%. Bias correction improved the accuracy and POD to 68% and 52%, respectively; however, the rate of false detection of high-concentration events increased as well.
A Perspective on Additional Approaches Beyond Organic Marker Compounds While Developing Analytical Monographs for Botanicals
Authors: Narayana D B Anantha , Mundkinajeddu Deepak , Singh Vineet Kumar , Koshy Rojison , Murali B 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Most of the Pharmacopoeia and other monographs that provide the quality specifications for botanicals typically contain identification and physicochemical tests, assays, and limits for contaminants. The assay methods generally involve quantitative determination of known organic compounds, commonly known as markers. The authors explore and propose that there is a need for additional approaches beyond markers, especially for botanicals derived from traditional knowledge and use. Preliminary data on few selected botanicals are additionally provided to communicate the thought process.
Online med omtanke - – Hvordan læremidler kan fremme folkeskoleelevers kommunikationskritiske kompetence
Authors: Skov Lene Illum , Johannesen Hildegunn Juulsgaard , Albrechtsen Thomas Rohde Skovdal 
Published: December 2018

Formålet med artiklen er at diskutere, hvordan man kan designe et didaktisk læremiddel til folkeskolens ældste klasser, der har til hensigt at fremme elevernes digitale dannelse. Diskussionen tager udgangspunkt i et nyudviklet og frit tilgængeligt digitalt læremiddel kaldet Omtanke Online (omtankeonline.dk). I artiklen benyttes to analytiske begreber til at beskrive den didaktiske intention med læremidlet. Det drejer sig på den ene side om ønsket om at fremme elevernes kommunikationskritiske kompetencer (Bundsgaard et al., 2013) og på den anden side om at forebygge, at der sker en moralsk afkobling (Bandura, 2016) i elevernes internetbrug. I artiklen diskuteres sammenhængen mellem læremidlets vidensdesign og læringsdesign (Hansen, 2010) med de samfundsmæssige udfordringer, som læremidlet ønsker at adressere i form af elevernes opførsel som både forbrugere og og producenter af indhold på internettet.
L’agir ensemble en contexte d’école inclusive : qu’en dit la littérature scientifique récente ? 1
Authors: Bélanger Jean , Frangieh Basma , Graziani Eugène , Mérini Corinne , Thomazet Serge 
Published: December 2018

Notre travail part du constat d’un manque de clarté dans la définition de l’école inclusive et, plus précisément, d’une de ses composantes importantes, « l’agir ensemble ». Une recension de la littérature scientifique récente, francophone et anglophone, permet d’analyser l’usage qui en est fait. Cette recension réalisée à partir de textes scientifiques issus de bases de données reconnues (ERIC, Medline, PsycINFO et SocINDEX, CAIRN) a permis d’identifier 26 textes qui abordent « l’agir ensemble » et l’école inclusive. L’analyse de ces derniers confirme qu’ils ne sont que très rarement traités en parallèle et que les travaux récents continuent à les faire cohabiter, le plus souvent sans les définir, alors même qu’ils relèvent de paradigmes différents.
Enjeux des projets d’« optimisation » des soins de santé et des services sociaux
Authors: Dupuis Alain 
Published: December 2018

Entre 2010 et 2014, les projets d’« optimisation » de la firme Proaction ont suscité une importante controverse publique autour de l’implantation d’un dispositif de gestion industriel dans les soins de santé et les services sociaux. L’influence et la présence de tels dispositifs sont peu documentées au Québec. Cet article utilise les critiques faites aux projets de la firme Proaction comme révélateurs d’enjeux socialement significatifs que posent ces dispositifs industriels véhiculés par le managérialisme.
Through the Ages of Life: Rabindranath Tagore -- Son, Father, and Educator (1861-1941)
Authors: M. Banerjee Swapna 
Published: December 2018

Research Framework: This essay attempts to reclaim Rabindranath Tagore (1861-1941), the “Myriad-Minded Man” from colonial India, through his “ages of life” – as a son, father, and educator – and his conceptualization of an alternate education and masculinity. Tagore’s critique of colonial education, his experiments with institutions, and his curriculum emphasizing arts and moral aesthetics over muscular nationalism challenged the dominant culture of masculinity. His paternalism embraced a “manliness” privileging moral and spiritual sustenance over economic and political considerations.Objectives: By focusing on Rabindranath Tagore, an iconic figure of Indian modernity, the essay attempts to demonstrate the tangled relationship between his domestic reality and his public commitment to social justice and pedagogy.Methodology: It deploys the method of contextualized textual analysis by examining a variety of literary sources -- personal narratives, correspondence, lectures, and essays.Results:Foregrounding the importance of family in its enabling and restrictive capacities, the essay explores connections between one family’s life and the Bengali understanding of age, gender, and class in late colonial India.Conclusions:The essay contends that Tagore’s position as a biological father and the transference of his affective concern to a larger body of children, in whom he inculcated a new sense of freedom, were inflected with an alternate sense of masculinity.Contribution:The essay contributes to our understanding that the role of “fathers,” biological and metaphorical, attained heightened significance among the educated, affluent community in colonial Bengal. An examination of the interminable connection between Tagore’s personal and public life disrupts the separation between the home and the world and establishes the centrality of the domestic in Indian nationalist politics. As a father and a reformer, Tagore challenged existing notions of masculinity through his reformed and secular model of education.
Youthful commentary on a growth economy : soundings from New Zealand 1884-1914
Authors: Olson Sherry , Holland Peter 
Published: December 2018

Research Framework : Over the thirty years before World War I, expansion of the world economy occasioned new opportunities and new constraints for children and adolescents as well as adults; but experiences and responses of minors are understated in print sources.Objectives : To discover what societal changes young people noticed and talked about, we examined the « children's page » of a weekly newspaper available for a rural setting in the South Island of New Zealand. The perspective of youth is essential to interpret trajectories inferred from the more conventional sources available in a North American urban setting (Montreal, Quebec).Methodology : From the internet archive PapersPast we collected 12,000 letters of young people aged six through nineteen years, 1886-1909, and extracted their comments on two popular topics : the work they reported (paid or unpaid) and their accounts of toothache.Results : The letters inform us about tasks of young people by age, gender, season, daily routine and household structure. Changes in work assignments at ages 12 to 14, coincident with a spurt of growth and, for most, the end of formal schooling, evoked discussion among them about gender roles and, among girls, protest of the scheduling of their growing up.Conclusion : The seasonality of tasks assigned to children still in school indicates an unrecognized contribution to the elasticity of the rural economy on a global frontier of the industrial food supply. Reallocation of the labour of young people was an ongoing process, subject to negotiation.Contribution : The wealth of information and opinion accessed in the letters invites further experiment with newspaper content analysis for recognizing the participation of segments of the population whose contributions to economic growth have been underestimated.
Expectations of Aging as
Gendered Political Discourse in 19th-century France
Authors: Davis Stacey Renee 
Published: December 2018

Research framework:
In 1881 the French Third Republic allocated yearly pensions to
nearly 25,000 elderly citizens as reparations for political oppression
suffered thirty years earlier during the previous regime. To receive a
pension, each former political prisoner (
proscrit
), their widows or children, wrote letters describing their
punishment and the wider multi-generational impact of that
oppression.
Objectives:
This article uncovers understandings shared by Republican
administrators and a particular group of their staunch working-class
supporters - artisans, rural laborers, and small-town shopkeepers - of the
definitions of old age, expectations for life trajectories, and how gender
affected both expectations and experiences.
Methodology:
Historical, qualitative analysis of archival documents at the
French National Archives and departments of the Ain, Allier, Drôme, Hérault,
Rhône, Saône-et-Loire, Vaucluse and Yonne, France.
Results:
Analysis demonstrates pension applicants drew upon common
understandings of gender and age-based roles to strengthen their claims to
pensions both as erstwhile heroes of the newly democratic regime and as
members of an indigent, elderly poor worthy of government aid.
Conclusions:
Former
proscrits
, their families and Republican administrators shared
assumptions about the definition of the onset of old age as linked to
gender; about expectations that elderly men would work indefinitely in old
age until physically unable to do so but that the specter of elderly working
women was shameful and a blot on Republican values; and about an
understanding that pensions allowed a dignified old-age for both male and
female applicants by undoing dangerous shifts in gender roles perceived as
triggered by the political oppression decades earlier.
Contribution:

The article contributes to scholarship on changing European
understandings of the gendered dimensions of old age in the late 19th
century, just before decades of social welfare legislation.
Nanocontainer designed from an infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHHNV) has excellent physical stability and ability to deliver shrimp tissues
Authors: Kiatmetha Pauline , Chotwiwatthanakun Charoonroj , Jariyapong Pitchanee , Santimanawong Wanida , Ounjai Puey , Weerachatyanukul Wattana 
Published: December 2018

Background
A virus-like particle (VLP) is an excellent tool for a compound delivery system due to its simple composition, symmetrical structure and self-assembly. Its surface modification both chemically and genetically is established, leading to the target-specific delivery and improved encapsulation efficiency. However, its physical stabilities against many harsh conditions that guarantee long term storage and oral administration have been much less studied.

Methods
IHHNV-VLPs were reconstructed from recombinant IHHNV capsid protein in E. coli. Their physical properties against three strong physical conditions including long term storage (0–30 days) in 4 °C, physical stabilities against broad ranged pH (4–9) and against three types of digestive enzymes were tested. Disassembly and reassembly of VLPs for encapsidating an enhanced green fluorescent protein tagged plasmid DNA (EGFP-VLPs) were controlled by the use of reducing agent (DTT) and calcium specific chelating agent (EGTA). Lastly, delivering ability of EGFP-VLPs was performed in vivo by intramuscular injection and traced the expression of GFP in the shrimp tissues 24 hr post-injection.

Results
Upon its purification, IHHNV-VLPs were able to be kept at 4 °C up to 30 days with only slight degradation. They were very stable in basic condition (pH 8–9) and to a lesser extent in acidic condition (pH 4–6) while they could stand digestions of trypsin and chymotrypsin better than pepsin. As similar with many other non-enveloped viruses, the assembly of IHHNV-VLPs was dependent on both disulfide bridging and calcium ions which allowed us to control disassembly and reassembly of these VLPs to pack EGFP plasmid DNA. IHHNV-VLPs could deliver EGFP plasmids into shrimp muscles and gills as evident by RT-PCR and confocal microscopy demonstrating the expression of GFP in the targeted tissues.

Discussion
There are extensive data in which capsid proteins of the non-enveloped viruses in the form of VLPs are constructed and used as nano-containers for therapeutic compound delivery. However, the bottleneck of its application as an excellent delivery container for oral administration would rely solely on physical stability and interacting ability of VLPs to the host cells. These properties are retained for IHHNV-VLPs reported herein. Thus, IHHNV-VLPs would stand as a good applicable nanocontainer to carry therapeutic agents towards the targeting tissues against ionic and digestive conditions via oral administration in aquaculture field.