bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation and management of forest water conservation services – taking Zhalantun City in Inner Mongolia, China as an example
Authors: Zhang Ying , Zhang Yining 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Forests play a key role in water conservation. Based on official statistics and field surveys, this paper uses the indirect market evaluation method (IMEM), and especially the water balance method (WBM), to assess the quantity and value of forest water conservation in 2016 in Zhalantun City in Inner Mongolia, China. The results indicate that the value of forest water conservation in Zhalantun is RMB 15.085 billion yuan (RMB is an abbreviated form of ‘Renminbi’, which stands for currency of People's Republic of China. It's primary unit is the yuan), which accounts for 80% of gross domestic product (GDP), and which is 3.74 times the added value of the primary industry, and 1.56 and 2.96 times the added value of the secondary and tertiary industries, respectively, in the same year. The paper also discusses some related issues and points out that the negative effects should also be considered and calculated when using the WBM to evaluate forest water conservation services, and forest water conservation services management and environmental statistics should be established in advance to better serve management planning and policy making.
Sorption of Ni(II) on surface of bed grains used in iron and manganese removal filters
Authors: Tytkowska Marta , Michel Magdalena M. , Reczek Lidia , Siwiec Tadeusz 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
This paper reports the results of determinations of crystalline phase type, specific surface area, point of zero charge pH (pHpzc), and Ni(II) sorption capacities of beds for groundwater treatment. Bed materials from iron and manganese removal filters (FeRF, MnRF) as well as a catalytic bed (G1) were investigated. The reference material was MnO2-coated quartz sand (MnQS). The efficiency of Ni(II) sorption was investigated as a function of pH. It was found that the naturally formed coating on FeRF was characterised by the highest sorption efficiency (80–88%) in the wide pH range (4–9) of the solution. Sorption on MnRF was weaker (35–45%). G1 and MnQS, which contained only manganese oxides, were characterised by a very low sorption efficiency of 0–6% and 3–8%, respectively. A lower Ni(II) removal efficiency was observed at an initial pH close to the pHpzc values. During Ni(II) sorption, the pH of the solution was not constant and tended towards the value of pHpzc for all tested materials. The slightly pH-dependent sorption of Ni(II) indicates that its removal depends more on the chemical composition and the specific surface area of the oxide coatings covering the bed materials.
Oral evaluation of children and adolescents in intensive care unit
Authors: Schunemann Fernanda Haverroth , Canani Soraia Hopfner , Marín Constanza 
Published: July 2018

Introduction: Hospitalized children can present some complications if they do not present a correct oral care during hospitalization. Objective: This study aimed to perform an oral evaluation of children and adolescents hospitalized in an intensive care unit of a children’s hospital at southern Brazil. Material and methods: 49 subjects were examined, aged from 0 to 17 years old, using themodified Oral Assessment Guide (OAGm). The lips, corner of the mouth, gums, oral mucosa, saliva, tongue, and teeth were examined. Each category was classified in a numeric scale from 1 to 3, where 1 means the better condition and 3 the worse. Results: The results showed alterations in the lips, tongue, oral biofilm, and saliva in most of the subjects. The OAGm value indicated a worse oral condition in older children. The OAGm values for children with teeth were higher than that for edentulous children, this difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). Conclusion: It could be concluded that children hospitalized in an intensive care unit show deficiency in oral health when assessed through OAGm.
Evaluation of anthropometric facial landmarks in woman with Blepharophimosis, Ptosis, and Epicanthus Inversus Syndrome (BPES)
Authors: Dering Lorena Maria , Saade Marina , Ferreira Juliana De Cassia Pinto , Pereira Vivian Monteiro , Rechia Bruna Cristina do Nascimento , Veronez Djanira Aparecida da Luz , Torres Maria Fernanda Pioli , Fregoneze Andréa Paula , Brancher João Armando 
Published: July 2018

Introduction: Blepharophimosis, ptosis, and epicanthus inversus syndrome (BPES) is a syndrome easily recognized by facial appearance. In this sense, the facial anthropometry is a simple and non-invasive way to evaluate the morphology of the facial surface of individuals, thus, defining the craniofacial dimensions. Objective: To evaluate the facial anthropometric measurements of a Caucasian female, aged 20 years, diagnosed with BPES and to compare these measures with the values described in the literature for non-syndromic woman.Material and methods: This research is an observational study of a Caucasian female, aged 20 years, who was diagnosed with BPES. Frontal photographs were taken, and the images analyzed by nine researchers calibrated in Image J® software. The facial measurements evaluated were head, face, orbits, nose, and labio-oral region and were compared with non-syndromic woman. Results: All vertical and horizontal face measurements were higher than that of otherfemales from Caucasian groups. BPES woman also presented bilateral ptosis and the main differences appear in the region of the orbits. Conclusion: The anthropometric facial analysis of BPES woman showed a significant change in the facial landmarks.
Comparative analysis of reflection photoelasticity in mandible’s segment with or without base
Authors: Filho Humberto Gennari , Mazaro José Vitor Quineli , Goiato Marcelo Coelho , Turcio Karina Helga Leal , Amoroso Andressa Paschoal , Antenucci Rosse Mary Falcón 
Published: July 2018

Introduction and Objective: To analyze if axial loads of 50 N and 100 N, applied on an implant of 3.75 X 10 mm (Conexão-Jaú, SP, Brazil) fixed on the central portion of a prototype of the mandible with and without support base, generate isochromatic fringes of different intensity and ways. Material and methods: The sample was a segment of the mandible with 115 mm in length, 30 mm height,and 12 mm in thickness, from a block of #7 rose wax. This matrix was adapted to a modified articulator in such way that its base could or not keep contact with the lower arm of the articulator, simply by modifying the support axis. An implant was put perpendicular to the segment of the mandible’s body and then the photoelastic model obtained. The healing abutment was screwed to the implant to receive loads from 50 N to 100 N, with the model with or withoutcontact of its base with the inferior arm of the articulator. Results: Alterations in the reflections of the colors was observed when the implants had been submitted to loads of 50 N and 100 N with or without supported base. Conclusion: Based on the results, it can be concluded that during the photoelasticity analyses alterations in the color standards occurred depending on the support of the sample and the applied load.
Prevalence of dental caries in 5 and 12-years-old schoolchildren from two Brazilian capitals
Authors: Moura Claudia Roberta de Mello , Pizzatto Eduardo , Brancher João Armando , Koch Luiza Foltran de Azevedo , Zortéa Cristiano , Gabardo Marilisa Carneiro Leão , Bruzamolin Carolina Dea 
Published: July 2018

Introduction: Tooth decay is still a highly prevalent disease in populations. Because of this, epidemiological studies are carried out frequently and allow the monitoring of the experience of the disease. Objective: To estimate the prevalence of dental caries of 5 and 12-years-old schoolchildren in the cities of Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, and Porto Velho, Rondônia, as well as to searchhypotheses of association with social/economic determinants and access to dental services. Material and methods: Secondary data were used from the Brazilian Oral Health Survey of 2010, as follows: household income by city and dmft/DMFT index for ages by city and region of Brazil. Results: It was observed in the city of Florianópolis a 5-years-old dmft of 1.56, and 12-years-oldDMFT of 0.55. In Porto Velho the means were 2.89 and 4.15 to the respective age. It was found that in Porto Velho 89.5% of surveyed had family income up to R$2,500.00, while in Florianópolis 81.9% had R$501.00 to R$9,500.00. Conclusion: The city of Florianópolis had the best caries indices and socioeconomic conditions, suggesting an association between these variables, in detriment to the regions in the opposite situation.
Critical analysis of methodologies for valuation of esthetic damage and the forensic application in Brazil
Authors: Vetter Flávia , Pereira Rodrigo Torres , Block Lilian Lígia , Zaitter Wellington Menyrval , Oliveira Rogério Nogueira de , Fernandes Mário Marques 
Published: July 2018

Introduction: The esthetic damage is any pejorative modification in static or dynamic expression, perceived by any sense, affecting the image of the person. The esthetic damage repair has legal support in Brazilian legislation. Objective: to systematize the different existing methods for valuation of esthetic damages, critically analyze their characteristics, advantages and disadvantages; and evaluate whether these methods would have been validated in any population inside or outside of Brazil. Literature review: The adoption of the use of tables, formulas and coefficients was insufficient to overcome the limitations of each method, such as those supported by the measurement of a single scar or by the teeth. Conclusion: All available subjective methods, except for AIEL method did not havescientific evidence, lacking validation in any country, and requiring proof of methodology.
Epidemiological survey in oral health of the residents of the Teixeira Island, Paraná, Brazil
Authors: Suizani Tiago Rodrigues , Mello Bruna Leal de , Koch Luiza Foltran De Azevedo , Bruzamolin Carolina Dea , Gabardo Marilisa Carneiro Leão 
Published: July 2018

Introduction: The epidemiological surveys aim to evaluate the distribution and state determinants or events in health in given populations. Objective: To conduct an epidemiological survey on the socioeconomic condition, use of dental services, referred oral morbidity, self-perception, and oral health of inhabitants of the Teixeira Island, Paraná, Brazil. Material and methods: The studyfollowed the statements of the World Health Organization and the Brazilian National Epidemiological Survey (SB Brazil 2010). Questionnaires were applied, and in the clinical examination the following data were collected: dental trauma, edentulism, fluorosis, caries in deciduous teeth (dmft), caries in permanent teeth (DMFT), Community Periodontal Index (CPI) and Loss of Periodontal Insertion Index (LPII). The data were analyzed with Statistical Package for Social Sciences software, version 21.0, and expresses in frequency tables. Results: Of the 108 inhabitants, 90 participated in the study. The socioeconomics conditions unfavorable were: low income and low schooling. The water supplying was not fluoridated. The perception of oral problems was reported by 82.2%; 48.9% declared to have had toothache in last the six months; the reason of search for care was predominantly for curative treatments. Almost 30% of the participants declared to be unsatisfied with their oral health. The values of DMFT and dmtf indexes were 13.9 and 1.2, respectively. The greater demand for maxillary prosthesis occurred in 39.7% of the sample, while 34.2% needed mandibular prosthesis. Conclusion: The oral diseases illnesses and need of treatment were evidenced in the sample, as well as risk factors that deserve attention of the public power.
Role of C1858T Polymorphism of Lymphoid Tyrosine Phosphatase in Egyptian Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: El Fotoh Wafaa Moustafa M. Abo , El Razek Midan Dina Abd , El Shalakany Abeer Hamdy 
Published: July 2018

Background:
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) is a multifactorial autoimmune disease. The
Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Non-receptor 22 (PTPN22) gene is an important negative regulator of
signal transduction through the T-cell Receptors (TCR). A PTPN22 polymorphism, C1858T, has been
found to be a risk determinant for several autoimmune diseases, including T1DM, in different populations.

Objective:
The present study was aimed to analyze a possible association between the C1858T polymorphism
in Egyptian children with T1DM.

Methods:
This case-control study included 240 children divided evenly between T1DM patients and
controls. The PTPN22 C1858T polymorphism was genotyped using polymerase chain reaction with
Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP).

Results:
Both the 1858CΤ and 1858ΤΤ genotypes and the 1858T allele were found more frequently in
patients (32.5% and 18.7%, respectively) than in controls (10% and 5.0%, respectively), P=0.013 and
P=0.007, respectively. Among females, the 1858T allele was more common in patients (18%) than in
controls (2.6%), P=0.014.

Conclusion:
These findings suggest that the PTPN22 1858T allele could be a T1DM susceptibility factor
in the Egyptian population and that it might play a different role in susceptibility to T1DM according
to gender in T1DM patients.
Chemistry education student response toward general biology course: A descriptive study
Authors: Marneli Diyyan , Husni Lailatul 
Published: July 2018

Chemistry and biology are interrelated branches of science, but students majoring in Chemistry Education are often considered as less ability to understand several biological concepts. The aim of this study was to obtain the information about the response of Chemistry Education students on General Biology course. The research was a descriptive study conducted in August to December 2017 in which the subjects were twenty-four first-semester students of Chemistry Education who take General Biology course at Faculty of Tarbiyah and Teaching Sciences, State Islamic Institute Batusangkar, West Sumatera. The instrument used was the questionnaire of student responses on General Biology course. The analysis used was descriptive statistical analysis by using percentage. The best response of students on General Biology course is on assessment transparency aspect, while the lowest response is on lecture attractiveness aspect. The conclusion, the response of Chemistry Education student who has taken General Biology course in State Islamic Institute Batusangkar on the criteria good. Although from Chemistry Education Program, most students give positive responses to General Biology course. Information obtained from this study can be used as a basis for improving the quality of General Biology course, especially in Chemistry Education Program.
International Mindedness and Intercultural Competence: Perceptions of Pakistani Higher Education Faculty
Authors: Habib Zehra 
Published: July 2018

<p><em>This qualitative study endeavored to examine higher education faculty members’ understanding of international mindedness and intercultural competence and sought their views on professional development programs competency in evolving an internationally minded stance. The focus of this study was on international mindedness because in the current era of globalization, it has become imperative to inculcate world mindedness in students and to prepare them for global citizenship. Data were collected through in-depth individual interviews held with eight faculty members teaching at two higher education institutions in Karachi, Pakistan. Dominant findings demonstrated that most participants had limited insight regarding the concepts and that these were applied minimally in their current teaching practices. Although, lauding an international minded approach, most participants considered understanding of local cultures more relevant before moving on to international visions. Participating faculty also reflected that there was lack of professional development and that for understanding local and international dynamics, specialized education programs were an important factor. The study concluded with implications for professional growth platforms to foster global mindedness in educators in order for them to promote international mindedness in students.</em></p><p> </p>
The pillars of the polish economy’s internationally competitive position in the post-accession period
Authors: Molendowski Edward 
Published: July 2018

The article presents the results of an analysis which attempts to identify the most important factors determining changes in the Polish economy’s internationally competitive position compared to the other new member states of the European Union (EU-10) in the years 2004-2017. The hypothesis that, among the EU-10 states, Poland belongs to those where varied effects of membership have clearly occurred has been put forward. This has greatly influenced the formation of the internationally competitive position of the economy. In the research, analysis of the secondary data concerning the pillars of the economy’s competitiveness specified in the Global Competitiveness Report has been applied. This has been compiled by the World Economic Forum. The article ends with a summary of the most important conclusions drawn from the presented analysis.
THE LIVED BODY AS PRE-REFLECTIVE CONSCIOUSNESS: MERLEAU-PONTY ON THE COGITO
Authors: DE SOUSA Luís Aguiar 
Published: July 2018

In this paper, I sketch out Merleau-Ponty’s theory of subjectivity as it is presented in the Phenomenology of Perception. I will start by showing that Merleau-Ponty’s theory presupposes Sartre’s notion of consciousness as anonymous and pre-reflective. Merleau-Ponty takes up these features and embeds them in the lived body. The result is Merleau-Ponty’s notion of the tacit cogito as pre-reflective subjectivity, always presupposed in our everyday embodied engagement with the world and in every explicit reflexive grasp of ourselves as such. Further, I show that the outcome of reflection, the spoken cogito, presupposes linguistic ability and thus the expressive power of the body. In the end I argue that, contrary to Sartre, who viewed pre-reflective consciousness as a nothing, for Merleau-Ponty the lived body or tacit cogito is always something in and of the world.
CYCLONES OVER THE PACIFIC OCEAN AND FAR-EASTERN SEAS IN COLD AND WARM SEASONS AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON WIND AND THERMAL REGIME IN THE LAST TWO DECADE PERIOD
Authors: Glebova S. Yu. 
Published: July 2018

Cyclonic activity in the Asia-Pacific region is largely determined by state of the seasonal centers of atmosphere action. In turn, cyclones themselves influence on conditions in certain «key» areas. Recently the Aleutian Low activity declines in fall-winter and this center is shifted westward, but activity of the Hawaiian High increases in warm season. As the result, heightened air pressure prevails over the Ocean (positive anomalies of the sea level pressure) and lowered pressure (negative anomalies) — over the Far Eastern Seas. In this anomalous situation, the number of cyclones over the Ocean has increased but they become weaker that causes SST increasing in the North Pacific both in winter and summer. Over the Bering Sea, the cyclones become weaker, as well, but this regime causes the ice cover increasing, so SST decreasing in spring. On the contrary, over the Okhotsk Sea and Kuril Islands area, the number of cyclones has decreased gradually but they become stronger in both seasons that causes the ice cover reducing and spring SST rising. In the Japan Sea, cyclonic activity has intensified, too, but this tendency causes cooling in winter and warming in summer.
SEASONAL CHANGES OF VERTICAL PROFILES OF CHLOROPHYLL A IN THE AMUR BAY (JAPAN SEA)
Authors: Zharova A. D. , Zuenko Yu. I. 
Published: July 2018

Seasonal changes of chlorophyll a profiles are traced over the Amur Bay (Peter the Great Bay, Japan Sea) in May-October, 2017 by means of oceanographic sonde-profiler equipped with fluorometer. Two principally different types of the vertical profiles are revealed, which were formed by different mechanisms of productivity: i) Chl a concentration had the maximum at the sea surface and decreased with the depth in the internal part of the bay occupied by the estuarine waters, and ii) Chl a concentration had the maximum below the seasonal pycnocline in the external part of the bay connected with the open sea. The highest Chl a concentration was observed in July-August for the estuarine type because of summer monsoon flood on the rivers, but in September for the marine type because of the coastal upwelling induced by monsoon winds change. Comparing these results with estimations of Chl a concentration made with the satellite data, insufficient correspondence is concluded for the external part of the bay, outside the estuarine zone, because the satellite data don’t reflect well the chlorophyll a in the subsurface layer and its seasonal variations. Thus, underestimation of real productivity and feeding ability of marine areas is available with the satellite data on chlorophyll a.
ON BIOLOGY OF SOCKEYE SALMON ONCORHYNCHGUS NERKA FROM THE ZHUPANOVA RIVER (EAST KAMCHATKA)
Authors: Bugaev V. F. , Tiller I. V. 
Published: July 2018

Runs and escapements of sockeye salmon to the Zhupanova River have increased since 1985 with the run of 10.63 . 103 ind. instead of 1.45 . 103 ind. in 1960–1984, on average. The increasing was reasoned by change of the pink salmon odd year-classes domination in West Kamchatka to domination of even year-classes after the extremely high escapement in 1983. In 2005–2006, the sockeye salmon stock in the Zhupanova River became even more higher that continues till nowadays (runs of 68.20 . 103 ind. in 2005–2017, on average). This growth corresponds with general increasing of the pacific salmons abundance in the Russian Far East as the result of favorable environmental and feeding conditions in the North Pacific. General biological indices (age, body length and weight, maturity, fecundity) of mature sockeye salmon originated from the Zhupanova River are presented on the data of commercial catches in the sea in 1999–2017. The sockeye salmon population from this river has 11 age groups. The age group 1.3 is the most abundant and associated with the age groups 1.2 and 1.4. Majority of sockeye in the catches from the Zhupanova has the age 1.3 (on average 66.2 % in 1999–2017). Besides, returns of underyearlings with age 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4, and the fish with age 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 3.2, and 3.3 are detected. The body length and weight are similar for all age groups of sockeye salmon: for males/females the mean length is 57.56/57.70 cm, mean weight is 2.69/2.62 kg. The mean males:females ratio is 44.7 : 55.3. The mean absolute fecundity is 4121 eggs. In opposite of sockeye salmon in some rivers of East Kamchatka, the population of the Zhupanova has no negative year-to-year trend of the body length or weight.