bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A porcine xenograft‐derived bone scaffold is a biocompatible bone graft substitute: An assessment of cytocompatibility and the alpha‐Gal epitope
Authors: Bracey Daniel N. , Seyler Thorsten M. , Jinnah Alexander H. , Smith Thomas L. , Ornelles David A. , Deora Rajendar , Parks Griffith D. , Van Dyke Mark E. , Whitlock Patrick W. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundXenografts are an attractive alternative to traditional bone grafts because of the large supply from donors with predictable morphology and biology as well as minimal risk of human disease transmission. Clinical series involving xenograft bone transplantation, most commonly from bovine sources, have reported poor results with frequent graft rejection and failure to integrate with host tissue. Failures have been attributed to residual alpha‐Gal epitope in the xenograft which humans produce natural antibody against. To the authors' knowledge, there is currently no xenograft‐derived bone graft substitute that has been adopted by orthopedic surgeons for routine clinical use.MethodsIn the current study, a bone scaffold intended to serve as a bone graft substitute was derived from porcine cancellous bone using a tissue decellularization and chemical oxidation protocol. In vitro cytocompatibility, pathogen clearance, and alpha‐Gal quantification tests were used to assess the safety of the bone scaffold intended for human use.ResultsIn vitro studies showed the scaffold was free of processing chemicals and biocompatible with mouse and human cell lines. When bacterial and viral pathogens were purposefully added to porcine donor tissue, processing successfully removed these pathogens to comply with sterility assurance levels established by allograft tissue providers. Critically, 98.5% of the alpha‐Gal epitope was removed from donor tissue after decellularization as shown by ELISA inhibition assay and immunohistochemical staining.ConclusionsThe current investigation supports the biologic safety of bone scaffolds derived from porcine donors using a decellularization protocol that meets current sterility assurance standards. The majority of the highly immunogenic xenograft carbohydrate was removed from donor tissue, and these findings support further in vivo investigation of xenograft‐derived bone tissue for orthopedic clinical application.
Multi‐parameter estimates via operator‐valued shifts
Authors: Hytönen Tuomas , Martikainen Henri , Vuorinen Emil 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWe prove the mixed‐norm ‐boundedness of a general class of singular integral operators having a multi‐parameter singularity and acting on vector‐valued (UMD Banach lattice‐valued) functions. Moreover, families of such operators with uniform assumptions are shown to be not only uniformly bounded but ‐bounded, a genuinely stronger property that is often needed in applications. Previous results of this nature only dealt with convolution‐type or slightly more general paraproduct‐free singular integrals. In contrast, our analysis specifically targets the array of different partial paraproducts that arise in the multi‐parameter setting by interpreting them as paraproduct‐valued one‐parameter operators. This new point‐of‐view provides a conceptual simplification over the existing representation results for multi‐parameter operators, which is a key to the proof of the boundedness of these operators.
Conformable Fractional Order Lotka–Volterra Predator–Prey Model: Discretization, Stability and Bifurcation
Authors: Gürcan Fuat , Kaya Güven , Kartal Senol 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to discuss dynamic behaviors of conformable fractional-order Lotka–Volterra predator–prey system. First of all, the piecewise constant approximation is used to obtain the discretize version of the model then, we investigate stability, existence, and direction of Neimark–Sacker bifurcation of the positive equilibrium point of the discrete system. It is observed that the discrete system shows much richer dynamic behaviors than its fractional-order form such as Neimark–Sacker bifurcation and chaos. Finally, numerical simulations are used to demonstrate the accuracy of analytical results.
Dynamic Analysis of the Deployment for Mesh Reflector Antennas Driven With Variable Length Cables
Authors: Du Xuelin , Du Jingli , Bao Hong , Chen Xiaofeng , Sun Guohui , Wu Xiaobin 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This paper addresses the deployment dynamic analysis of antennas mainly composing of deployable truss and cable net. The antennas are deployed by retracting driving cables, which pass through pulleys fixed on the deployable truss successively. An analytical model is first proposed for the driving cable system where the nodal position and the transmission lengths of the cable segment between two adjacent pulleys are selected as the generalized coordinates. This model could simulate the dynamics of the driving cables with time-varying length. Then, the flexible multibody dynamic model of the deployable antenna including the flexible deployable truss and cable net is established. The absolute nodal coordinate formulation is employed to model the flexible deformation of the truss and the tension of the cable net. The method is demonstrated by analyzing the deployment of a cylindrical mesh antenna. The deployment experiment of the antenna shows that the proposed method can correctly predict the driving force and length variation of the driving cables, the bending deformation of the flexible truss, and the deployment process.
Irreversibility and Thermo-Diffusion Effects on Unsteady Chemically Reactive Slip Flow Between Two Rotating Disks
Authors: Ijaz Khan M. , Qayyum Sumaira , Hayat T. , Waqas M. , Alsaedi A. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This paper aims to investigate the entropy generation in slip flow due to double rotating disks. Heat equation is formulated by considering effects of viscous dissipation, Joule heating and nonlinear thermal radiation. Brownian motion and thermophoresis effects of nanofluid are also discussed. Applied magnetic field is considered to be time dependent. Homogeneous–heterogeneous reactions are also studied. Von Karman transformations are used. Homotopy analysis method is implemented on system of equations for convergent series solutions. Influence of various flow parameters on entropy, Bejan number, velocity, temperature, Nusselt number, and skin friction is discussed through graphs and tables. Axial velocity decays for higher nonlinear mixed convection variable of temperature and velocity slip parameter. Temperature rises for larger thermal slip parameter and thermophoresis parameter. Entropy and Bejan number are increasing for higher estimation of homogeneous reaction parameter and diffusion parameters.
GIS for City Gas Distribution Network
Authors: Singh Ravindra Kumar 
Published: July 2019

“A Web Based City-GIS system to manage City Gas distribution Network”
CityGas is a web based GIS system capable of handling city gas network by maintaining up-to-date information in centralized enterprise database, providing support for analysis, engineering, O&M, planning activities and acting as a valuable decision support system for planning & emergency response. CityGas is an effective marketing tool for gas distribution companies.
Dengue during pregnancy and live birth outcomes: a cohort of linked data from Brazil
Authors: Paixão Enny S , Campbell Oona M , Teixeira Maria Gloria , Costa Maria CN , Harron Katie , Barreto Mauricio L , Leal Maira B , Almeida Marcia F , Rodrigues Laura C 
Published: July 2019

ObjectivesDengue is the most common viral mosquito-borne disease, and women of reproductive age who live in or travel to endemic areas are at risk. Little is known about the effects of dengue during pregnancy on birth outcomes. The objective of this study is to examine the effect of maternal dengue severity on live birth outcomes.Design and settingWe conducted a population-based cohort study using routinely collected Brazilian data from 2006 to 2012.ParticipatingWe linked birth registration records and dengue registration records to identify women with and without dengue during pregnancy. Using multinomial logistic regression and Firth method, we estimated risk and ORs for preterm birth (<37 weeks’ gestation), low birth weight (<2500 g) and small for gestational age (<10thcentile). We also investigated the effect of time between the onset of the disease and each outcome.ResultsWe included 16 738 000 live births. Dengue haemorrhagic fever was associated with preterm birth (OR=2.4; 95% CI 1.3 to 4.4) and low birth weight (OR=2.1; 95% CI 1.1 to 4.0), but there was no evidence of effect for small for gestational age (OR=2.1; 95% CI 0.4 to 12.2). The magnitude of the effects was higher in the acute disease period.ConclusionThis study showed an increased risk of adverse birth outcomes in women with severe dengue during pregnancy. Medical intervention to mitigate maternal risk during severe acute dengue episodes may improve outcomes for infants born to exposed mothers.
Community- and mHealth-based integrated management of diabetes in primary healthcare in Rwanda (D²Rwanda): the protocol of a mixed-methods study including a cluster randomised controlled trial
Authors: Lygidakis Charilaos , Uwizihiwe Jean Paul , Kallestrup Per , Bia Michela , Condo Jeanine , Vögele Claus 
Published: July 2019

IntroductionIn Rwanda, diabetes mellitus prevalence is estimated between 3.1% and 4.3%. To address non-communicable diseases and the shortage of health workforce, the Rwandan Ministry of Health has introduced the home-based care practitioners (HBCPs) programme: laypeople provide longitudinal care to chronic patients after receiving a six-month training. Leveraging technological mobile solutions may also help improve health and healthcare. The D²Rwanda study aims at: (a) determining the efficacy of an integrated programme for the management of diabetes in Rwanda, which will provide monthly patient assessments by HBCPs, and an educational and self-management mHealth patient tool, and; (b) exploring qualitatively the ways the interventions will have been enacted, their challenges and effects, and changes in the patients’ health behaviours and HBCPs’ work satisfaction.Methods and analysisThis is a mixed-methods sequential explanatory study. First, there will be a one-year cluster randomised controlled trial including two interventions ((1) HBCPs’ programme; (2) HBCPs’ programme + mobile health application) and usual care (control). Currently, nine hospitals run the HBCPs’ programme. Under each hospital, administrative areas implementing the HBCPs’ programme will be randomised to receive intervention 1 or 2. Eligible patients from each area will receive the same intervention. Areas without the HBCPs’ programme will be assigned to the control group. The primary outcome will be changes in glycated haemoglobin. Secondary outcomes include medication adherence, mortality, complications, health-related quality of life, diabetes-related distress and health literacy. Second, at the end of the trial, focus group discussions will be conducted with patients and HBCPs. Financial support was received from the Karen Elise Jensens Fond, and the Universities of Aarhus and Luxembourg.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval was obtained from the Rwanda National Ethics Committee and the Ethics Review Panel of the University of Luxembourg. Findings will be disseminated via peer-reviewed publications and conference presentations.Trial registration numberNCT03376607; Pre-results.
Cost-effectiveness of advanced life support and prehospital critical care for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in England: a decision analysis model
Authors: von Vopelius-Feldt Johannes , Powell Jane , Benger Jonathan Richard 
Published: July 2019

ObjectivesThis research aimed to answer the following questions: What are the costs of prehospital advanced life support (ALS) and prehospital critical care for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA)? What is the cost-effectiveness of prehospital ALS? What improvement in survival rates from OHCA would prehospital critical care need to achieve in order to be cost-effective?SettingA single National Health Service ambulance service and a charity-funded prehospital critical care service in England.ParticipantsThe patient population is adult, non-traumatic OHCA.MethodsWe combined data from previously published research with data provided by a regional ambulance service and air ambulance charity to create a decision tree model, coupled with a Markov model, of costs and outcomes following OHCA. We compared no treatment for OHCA to the current standard of care of prehospital ALS, and prehospital ALS to prehospital critical care. To reflect the uncertainty in the underlying data, we used probabilistic and two-way sensitivity analyses.ResultsCosts of prehospital ALS and prehospital critical care were £347 and £1711 per patient, respectively. When costs and outcomes of prehospital, in-hospital and postdischarge phase of OHCA care were combined, prehospital ALS was estimated to be cost-effective at £11 407/quality-adjusted life year. In order to be cost-effective in addition to ALS, prehospital critical care for OHCA would need to achieve a minimally economically important difference (MEID) in survival to hospital discharge of 3%–5%.ConclusionThis is the first economic analysis to address the question of cost-effectiveness of prehospital critical care following OHCA. While costs of either prehospital ALS and/or critical care per patient with OHCA are relatively low, significant costs are incurred during hospital treatment and after discharge in patients who survive. Knowledge of the MEID for prehospital critical care can guide future research in this field.Trial registration numberISRCTN18375201
Temporal trends in the prevalence and causes of visual impairment in the South Indian state of Telangana: a population-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Marmamula Srinivas , Khanna Rohit C , Yellapragada Shashank , Challa Rajesh , Mohd Javed , Rao Gullapalli Nageswara 
Published: July 2019

ObjectivesTo investigate the temporal trends in the prevalence and causes of visual impairment (VI) in South India.DesignPopulation-based cross-sectional studies conducted during the years 2011–2012 and 2017 using identical study methods and in geographical locations are compared. The L V Prasad Eye Institute established services in Khammam and not in Warangal district after the 2011–2012 study.SettingKhammam and Warangal districts in Telangana, India.ParticipantsIn total, 5357 participants aged ≥40 years were examined from two districts in the 2011–2012 study and 4923 participants were examined in the 2017 study.Main outcome measuresAge-adjusted and gender-adjusted temporal trends in the prevalence and causes of VI.Blindness and moderate VI (MVI) were defined as presenting visual acuity worse than 6/60 and 6/18–6/60 in the better eye, respectively. VI included MVI and blindness.ResultsNearly 2500 participants were examined in each location in both the 2011–2012 and 2017 studies. In Khammam district, overall VI declined by 2.5% from 15.5% to 13.0% (p<0.001). While there was no significant change in MVI (p=0.566), blindness declined by 3.0% from 5.4% to 2.4% (p<0.001). In Warangal district, the overall VI remained unchanged (p=0.60). While MVI increased by 3% from 9.3% to 12.3% (p=0.001), blindness declined by 3.5% from 6.5% to 3.0% (p<0.001). While MVI due to cataract increased in both districts, there was a significant decline in MVI due to refractive errors in Khammam.ConclusionThere was a significant decline in VI in Khammam district but not in Warangal district. The differential trends in prevalence and causes of VI can be explained by the availability and uptake of eye care services in these two districts.
Patient experience and reflective learning (PEARL): a mixed methods protocol for staff insight development in acute and intensive care medicine in the UK
Authors: Brookes Olivia , Brown Celia , Tarrant Carolyn , Archer Julian , Buckley Duncan , Buckley Lisa Marie , Clement Ian , Evison Felicity , Gao Smith Fang , Gibbins Chris , Hayton Emma , Jones Jennifer , Lilford Richard , Mullhi Randeep , Packer Greg , Perkins Gavin , Shelton Jonathan , Snelson Catherine , Sullivan Paul , Vlaev Ivo , Wolstenholme Daniel , Wright Stephen E , Bion Julian 
Published: July 2019

IntroductionPatient and staff experiences are strongly influenced by attitudes and behaviours, and provide important insights into care quality. Patient and staff feedback could be used more effectively to enhance behaviours and improve care through systematic integration with techniques for reflective learning. We aim to develop a reflective learning framework and toolkit for healthcare staff to improve patient, family and staff experience.Methods & analysisLocal project teams including staff and patients from the acute medical units (AMUs) and intensive care units (ICUs) of three National Health Service trusts will implement two experience surveys derived from existing instruments: a continuous patient and relative survey and an annual staff survey. Survey data will be supplemented by ethnographic interviews and observations in the workplace to evaluate barriers to and facilitators of reflective learning. Using facilitated iterative co-design, local project teams will supplement survey data with their experiences of healthcare to identify events, actions, activities and interventions which promote personal insight and empathy through reflective learning. Outputs will be collated by the central project team to develop a reflective learning framework and toolkit which will be fed back to the local groups for review, refinement and piloting. The development process will be mapped to a conceptual theory of reflective learning which combines psychological and pedagogical theories of learning, alongside theories of behaviour change based on capability, opportunity and motivation influencing behaviour. The output will be a locally-adaptable workplace-based toolkit providing guidance on using reflective learning to incorporate patient and staff experience in routine clinical activities.Ethics & disseminationThe PEARL project has received ethics approval from the London Brent Research Ethics Committee (REC Ref 16/LO/224). We propose a national cluster randomised step-wedge trial of the toolkit developed for large-scale evaluation of impact on patient outcomes.
Information Sharing and Integration of Buyer-Supplier Relationship in Small Suppliers’ Performance
Authors: Joensuu-Salo Sanna , Sorama Kirsti 
Published: July 2019

Despite a growing scholarly interest in performance measurement systems (PMS) for collaborative networks, the literature highlights the success of co-operation from the buyer’s perspective, with far less attention given to the supplier’s perspective (Yeniyurt et al., 2014). In addition, only limited empirical research has been conducted on PMS in small and medium-sized enterprise networks (Bititci et al., 2012). This study investigates how information sharing and supplier integration in a buyer-supplier relationship (BSR) affect suppliers’ performance in the context of small firms. Information sharing includes both providing information (to a buyer) and receiving information (from a buyer). According to the results, neither BSR integration nor information sharing are associated with suppliers’ overall or financial performance. However, BSR integration showed a positive association with suppliers’ non-financial performance. Moreover, information sharing (both providing and receiving) in the innovation perspective showed a positive association with suppliers’ non-financial performance.
Microbiota- and Radiotherapy-Induced Gastrointestinal Side-Effects (MARS) Study: A Large Pilot Study of the Microbiome in Acute and Late-Radiation Enteropathy
Authors: Reis Ferreira Miguel , Andreyev H. Jervoise N. , Mohammed Kabir , Truelove Lesley , Gowan Sharon M. , Li Jia , Gulliford Sarah L. , Marchesi Julian R. , Dearnaley David P. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Purpose:
Radiotherapy is important in managing pelvic cancers. However, radiation enteropathy may occur and can be dose limiting. The gut microbiota may contribute to the pathogenesis of radiation enteropathy. We hypothesized that the microbiome differs between patients with and without radiation enteropathy.
Experimental Design: Three cohorts of patients (n = 134) were recruited. The early cohort (n = 32) was followed sequentially up to 12 months post-radiotherapy to assess early radiation enteropathy. Linear mixed models were used to assess microbiota dynamics. The late cohort (n = 87) was assessed cross-sectionally to assess late radiation enteropathy. The colonoscopy cohort compared the intestinal mucosa microenvironment in patients with radiation enteropathy (cases, n = 9) with healthy controls (controls, n = 6). Fecal samples were obtained from all cohorts. In the colonoscopy cohort, intestinal mucosa samples were taken. Metataxonomics (16S rRNA gene) and imputed metataxonomics (Piphillin) were used to characterize the microbiome. Clinician- and patient-reported outcomes were used for clinical characterization.

Results:
In the acute cohort, we observed a trend for higher preradiotherapy diversity in patients with no self-reported symptoms (P = 0.09). Dynamically, diversity decreased less over time in patients with rising radiation enteropathy (P = 0.05). A consistent association between low bacterial diversity and late radiation enteropathy was also observed, albeit nonsignificantly. Higher counts of Clostridium IV, Roseburia, and Phascolarctobacterium significantly associated with radiation enteropathy. Homeostatic intestinal mucosa cytokines related to microbiota regulation and intestinal wall maintenance were significantly reduced in radiation enteropathy [IL7 (P = 0.05), IL12/IL23p40 (P = 0.03), IL15 (P = 0.05), and IL16 (P = 0.009)]. IL15 inversely correlated with counts of Roseburia and Propionibacterium.

Conclusions:
The microbiota presents opportunities to predict, prevent, or treat radiation enteropathy. We report the largest clinical study to date into associations of the microbiota with acute and late radiation enteropathy. An altered microbiota associates with early and late radiation enteropathy, with clinical implications for risk assessment, prevention, and treatment of radiation-induced side-effects.
See related commentary by Lam et al., p. 6280