bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Radio Light Curve of V471 Tauri
Authors: Caillault J.-P. , Patterson J. , Skillman D. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractWe have observed the white dwarf — K dwarf eclipsing binary system V471 Tauri with the VLA. We have detected in the radio flux an interesting dip centered near phase zero (the phase of white dwarf eclipse) and a 6 mJy flare shortly after mid—eclipse at phase 0.15. The best possible explanation for the dip is the self—eclipse of a large radio—emitting cloud anchored to a particular spot on the secondary, namely the sub—white dwarf point. The 6 cm flare observation and sudden variations seen in Hα suggest that this spot is an active flaring region.
A Study of the Decay Phase of an X-Ray Flare on Algol
Authors: R. Mewe  , van den Oord G.H.J. , Jakimiec J. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractWe have re-analyzed the X-ray flare on Algol which was observed with EXOSAT (White et al. (1986)). The common practice of estimating loop volume and length from the decay time of the flare is discussed extensively. We show that during the decay phase of the flare both scaling laws for coronal loops are valid. This implies a unique determination of loop volume and length and allows a check whether additional heating occurs in the decay phase of a flare.
Flare-Like Events on the T-Tauri Star RU LUP1
Authors: Giovannelli F. , Castaldo D. , Covino E. , Vittone A.A. , Rossi C. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractA long term multifrequency campaign on the T Tauri star RU Lupi has been carried out in the X-Ray, UV optical and IR spectral regions with ASTRON and IUE satellites and ESO 1.5 m+IDS, 1.4 m CAT, 0.5 m UBVRI and 1 m IR telescopes, respectively.We present two flare-like events occurred on April 17, 1984 and June 30, 1986. The first one was detected only in the UV, clue to lack the of simultaneous observations in other spectral regions. The second one was observed in UV, optical and IR regions showing a maximum roughly in the U band A comparison of the whole energy distribution of this event with that of a quiescent state observed on June 27 shows a flux enhancement of (89 ± 2)%. A detailed analysis of UV continuum and lines, namely N V, C I, CII, CIV, Si II and Si IV, shows that ihe surfaces fluxes of RU Lupi are always larger than those observed on typical flare stars and on the Sun by a factor of roughly 2 and 3 orders of magnitude, respectively. This fact allows us to conclude that RU Lupi activity cannot be explained even invoking a complete coverage by solar-like plages. On the contrary a patchy distribution of the emitting regions could explain the observed behaviour of this active star.
Chromospheric Ejections Associated with Type III Radio-Bursts
Authors: Nicole Mein , Pierre Mein 
Published: May 2019

AbstractWe study the dynamics of an IIα absorbing structure associated with a type III radioburst. We use a “Differential Cloud Model” to analyse the observed line profiles, in order to determine radial velocity and microturbulence (or shear) as functions of time.We assume that the material is flowing inside magnetic flux tubes, with a given velocity distribution. We analyse the motions in a phase-diagram (position x,velocity V). The evolution of velocity and microturbulcnce is compared to the observations. The model accounts qualitatively for the evolution of velocity, and qualitatively for the decrease of microturbulence.
Simultaneously Observational Study of Filtergrams, Velocity and Vector Magnetic Fields for a Solar Flare on 7 Oct. 1987
Authors: Yuanzhang Lin , Hongqi Zhang , Feng Han , Kening Liu 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIn this paper are described the simultaneously observational results of filtergrams, Dopplergrams and vector magnetograms for a solar flare in the active region NOAA/USAF -1862 on 7 Oct. 1987 with the solar telescope-magnctograph of Beijing Astronomical Observatory. From the analyses of these data, some conclusions were obtained.
Surge in the Chromosphere and the Transition Region: Velocities and Microturbulence
Authors: Mein P. , Schmieder B. , Tandberg-Hanssen E. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractSimultaneous observations of a surge in Hα- and C IV are analysed in terms of Doppler velocities and “microturbulence”. The behaviour of both quantities suggests strong velocity shears with small spatial scales.
Flaring Arch Structure of Large Eruptive Phenomena and Rigid Rotation
Authors: Mouradian Z. , Soru-Escaut I. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractConsidering the flaring arch to be the basic element of all flares, we study here the structure of compact flares and double ribbon flares. It is observed that, in the case of compact flares, the flaring arch diverges from a pivot point (rigid rotation), while in the case of double ribbon flares the flaring arches are distributed to either side of the polarity reversal line.
On the Association between Coronal Mass Ejections and Coronal Holes
Authors: Verma V.K. , Pande M.C. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe coronal mass ejection (CME) data and the data for coronal holes for the period 1979-1982 are compared locationwise. Out of 79 CMEs whose locations and spans are known, 48 (61%) CMEs are associated with coronal holes. We make a tentative suggestion that probably the mass ejected during solar flares and active prominences may move along the open magnetic field of the coronal holes and appear as CMEs.
Magnetic Topology and Current Sheet Formation
Authors: Antiochos Spiro K. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractWe describe a mechanism for coronal heating. The basic idea is that since the photospheric flux is observed to consist of a complex pattern of positive and negative polarity regions, the topology of the coronal magnetic field (in particular the connectivity) must be discontinuous over a complex network of surfaces and magnetic null points in the corona. Consequently, photospheric motions of the field line footpoints, even if arbitrarily smooth, result in discontinuous stressing of the field. This produces coronal current sheets, reconnection at the null points, and rapid heating.
Can Resistive Kink Instabilities Drive Simple Loop Flares?
Authors: Velli M. , Emaudi G. , Hood A.W. 
Published: May 2019

SummaryA detailed analysis of the kink instability in finite length (inertially line-tied), cylindrically symmetric coronal loops is presented. The correct line-tying boundary conditions within the framework of ideal and resistive magnctohydrodynamics are discussed, and the growth rates of unstable modes and corresponding eigenfunctions are calculated. Resistive kink modes are found to be unstable in configurations where the axial magnetic field undergoes an inversion, resistive effects being confined to a small region around the loop vertex.
Particle Acceleration by Magnetosonic Waves in a Coronal Loop
Authors: de La Beaujardière J.-F. , Zweibel E. G. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractA model for the acceleration of electrons in a flaring coronal loop is described. The mechanism is stochastic acceleration by resonant interactions with a spectrum of conipressive magnetosonic waves. Current results of test particle calculations examining the feasibility of this model are presented.
The Evaluation of the Balmer Merging Effects in Different Chromospheric Solar Flare Models
Authors: Falchi A. , Falciani R. , Smaldone L.A. , Tozzi G.P. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractSynthetic spectra computed svith semiempirical and theoretical models of the flare atmosphere are discussed. Stark profile of the Dahner lines ( n ≥ 6) and the Balmer continuum have been computed according to Donati-Falchi et al., (1985). A semiempirical model in between the F2 and F3 models proposed by Avrett et al., (1986) might represent a good approximation of the atmosphere of a flare during the impusive phase. Among the theoretical models proposed by Ricchiazzi (1982), the model, indicated as 1073, with very high coronal pressure (Po = 1000 dyne cm–2) probably represents the best approximation of the emission observed during the impulsive phase of a chromospheric flare. Continuum and Balmer lines ought to be measured and interpreted on the same time for a self-consistent diagnostic of the chromospheric modification.
Delirium Management: Anything’s Possible
Authors: Eeles Eamonn , England Renee , Teodorczuk Andrew , Pandy Shaun , Pinsker Donna , Armstrong Aurelia 
Published: May 2019

RÉSUMÉLe délirium est un problème de santé majeur aux conséquences potentiellement graves. Malheureusement, la prise en charge de ce trouble est souvent sous-optimale. Nous considérons que les lacunes dans les soins offerts aux patients avec délirium sont liées aux particularités de cette condition, qui affecte la perception du « soi » de la personne qui en souffre. Cette atteinte entraîne un comportement hors de contrôle chez la personne avec délirium et l’expose à une déshumanisation mécaniste. Une solution consisterait à favoriser une vision élargie du « soi », inspirée de la philosophie et des sciences cognitives récentes, afin d’aider les cliniciens dans la compréhension du comportement pathologique en tant que manifestation de la perturbation de la pensée. Une approche centrée sur l’éthique des soins, intégrant un nouveau cadre pour la relation patient-soignant, est proposée. Considérées dans leur ensemble, les propositions novatrices émises pourraient faciliter l’élaboration d’un cadre de pratiques et de relations plus attentionnées et plus efficaces pour le traitement du délirium.
Crystallite Size Distributions from Intensities of Diffraction Spots
Authors: Ebel Horst 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe diffraction patterns of coarse grained materials are compared to specimens with crystallite sizes of less than 1µm characterized by diffraction spots. Based on an analysis of spot intensities it is shown that for: (a) an at-random distribution of crystallite orientations and (b) under the assumption of specific crystallite shapes it becomes possible to evaluate the distribution N(l) of linear crystallite dimensions (0.1µm <l< 20µm) from measured spot intensity distributions z(i).
X-ray Powder Diffraction Data and Structure Refinement of TeO3
Authors: Dušek M. , Loub J. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe structure of TeO3, first published by Dumora and Hagenmuller (1968), was redetermined from new X-ray data collected with a powder diffractometer using space group R3̄c with a = 4.901(2), c = 13.030(4) Å, V = 271.05(8) Å3 and Z = 6. Intensity data were obtained with CuKα, radiation (λ = 1.540598 Å). Structure refinement was performed with 49 reflections and led to R = 0.058. The material is isostructural with FeF3. Powder data are given.
Neonatal and Paediatric Heart and Renal Outcomes Network: design of a multi-centre retrospective cohort study
Authors: Gist Katja M. , Blinder Joshua J. , Bailly David , Borasino Santiago , Askenazi David J. , Cooper David S. , Krawczeski Catherine D. , Gaies Michael , Morales David L. S. , Hock Kristal M. , Alten Jeffrey 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackground:Cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury is common. In order to improve our understanding of acute kidney injury, we formed the multi-centre Neonatal and Pediatric Heart and Renal Outcomes Network. Our main goals are to describe neonatal kidney injury epidemiology, evaluate variability in diagnosis and management, identify risk factors, investigate the impact of fluid overload, and explore associations with outcomes.Methods:The Neonatal and Pediatric Heart and Renal Outcomes Network collaborative includes representatives from paediatric cardiac critical care, cardiology, nephrology, and cardiac surgery. The collaborative sites and infrastructure are part of the Pediatric Cardiac Critical Care Consortium. An acute kidney injury module was developed and merged into the existing infrastructure. A total of twenty-two participating centres provided data on 100–150 consecutive neonates who underwent cardiac surgery within the first 30 post-natal days. Additional acute kidney injury variables were abstracted by chart review and merged with the corresponding record in the quality improvement database. Exclusion criteria included >1 operation in the 7-day study period, pre-operative renal replacement therapy, pre-operative serum creatinine >1.5 mg/dl, and need for extracorporeal support in the operating room or within 24 hours after the index operation.Results:A total of 2240 neonatal patients were enrolled across 22 centres. The incidence of acute kidney injury was 54% (stage 1 = 31%, stage 2 = 13%, and stage 3 = 9%).Conclusions:Neonatal and Pediatric Heart and Renal Outcomes Network represents the largest multi-centre study of neonatal kidney injury. This new network will enhance our understanding of kidney injury and its complications.
Pulmonary hypertension during respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis: a risk factor for severity of illness
Authors: Kimura Dai , McNamara Isabella F. , Wang Jiajing , Fowke Jay H. , West Alina N. , Philip Ranjit 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackground:Respiratory syncytial virus infection is the most frequent cause of acute lower respiratory tract disease in infants. A few reports have suggested that pulmonary hypertension is associated with increased severity of respiratory syncytial virus infection. We sought to determine the association between the pulmonary hypertension detected by echocardiography during respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis and clinical outcomes.Methods:We retrospectively reviewed 154 children admitted with respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis who had an echocardiography performed during the admission. The association between pulmonary hypertension and clinical outcomes including mortality, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, prolonged ICU stay (>10 days), tracheal intubation, and need of high frequency oscillator ventilation was evaluated.Results:Echocardiography detected pulmonary hypertension in 29 patients (18.7%). Pulmonary hypertension was observed more frequently in patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) (n = 11/33, 33%), chronic lung disease of infancy (n = 12/25, 48%), prematurity (<37 weeks gestational age, n = 17/59, 29%), and Down syndrome (n = 4/10, 40%). The presence of pulmonary hypertension was associated with morbidity (p < 0.001) and mortality (p = 0.02). However, in patients without these risk factors (n = 68), pulmonary hypertension was detected in five patients who presented with shock or poor perfusion. Chronic lung disease was associated with pulmonary hypertension (OR = 5.9, 95% CI 2.2–16.3, p = 0.0005). Multivariate logistic analysis demonstrated that pulmonary hypertension is associated with ICU admission (OR = 6.4, 95% CI 2.2–18.8, p = 0.0007), intubation (OR = 4.7, 95% CI 1.8–12.3, p = 0.002), high frequency oscillator ventilation (OR = 8.4, 95% CI 2.95–23.98, p < 0.0001), and prolonged ICU stay (OR = 4.9, 95% CI 2.0–11.7, p = 0.0004).Conclusions:Pulmonary hypertension detected by echocardiography during respiratory syncytial virus infection was associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Chronic lung disease was associated with pulmonary hypertension detected during respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis. Routine echocardiography is not warranted for previously healthy, haemodynamically stable patients with respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis.
The influences of virtual social feedback on social anxiety disorders
Authors: Kishimoto Tomoko , Ding Xinfang 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackground:Social feedback in the virtual environment is a critical part of successful virtual reality exposure therapy (VRET), and identifying the influences of virtual social feedback on social anxiety patients is necessary.Aims:The present study aimed to explore the influences of ambiguous and negative virtual social feedback on social anxiety patients and a health control group (HCG).Method:Twenty-six social anxiety patients and 26 healthy participants were recruited. All participants were exposed to a virtual public speaking scenario. The participants were required to make two 3-minute speeches while the virtual audiences gave them either ambiguous feedback or negative feedback. The subjective units of discomfort (SUD) and heart rate were collected during the process.Results:The results showed that SAD individuals reported higher levels of subjective anxiety than those in the HCG, and the between-group differences were larger in the mild ambiguous condition than in the intense negative condition.Conclusions:This study indicates that social anxiety patients have an interpretation bias towards ambiguous virtual social feedback. Therefore, it is important for VR-based interventions to take into account not only the valence of the feedback but also the ambiguity aspect.
Reality in-itself and the Ground of Causality
Authors: Onof Christian 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThis article presents a metaphysical approach to the interpretation of the role of things-in-themselves in Kant’s theoretical philosophy. This focuses upon identifying their transcendental function as the grounding of appearances. It is interpreted as defining the relation of appearing as the grounding of empirical causality. This leads to a type of dual-aspect account that is given further support through a detailed examination of two sections of Kant’s firstCritique. This shows the need to embed this dual-aspect account within a two-perspective framework. The resulting picture is contrasted with the main rival theories and objections are addressed.
Progress, Human Rights and Peace in Luigi Caranti’s Kant’s Political Legacy
Authors: Williams Howard 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIn recent decades a great deal of attention has been given to Kant’s writings on politics as presenting a possible path to lasting peace. In this literature too high an expectation is created over what Kant’s cosmopolitan thinking might achieve. Caranti’s book provides an excellent antidote to these speculations by spelling out clearly the implications of Kant’s peace theory. I suggest there may even be better ways for understanding the guarantee of perpetual peace, the role of religion and the ideal of the moral politician than Caranti maintains.
EXTENDING THE DOUBLE RAMIFICATION CYCLE BY RESOLVING THE ABEL-JACOBI MAP
Authors: Holmes David 
Published: May 2019

AbstractOver the moduli space of smooth curves, the double ramification cycle can be defined by pulling back the unit section of the universal jacobian along the Abel–Jacobi map. This breaks down over the boundary since the Abel–Jacobi map fails to extend. We construct a ‘universal’ resolution of the Abel–Jacobi map, and thereby extend the double ramification cycle to the whole of the moduli of stable curves. In the non-twisted case, we show that our extension coincides with the cycle constructed by Li, Graber, Vakil via a virtual fundamental class on a space of rubber maps.
Untold Story of Boko Haram Insurgency: The Lake Chad Oil and Gas Connection
Authors: Omenma J. Tochukwu 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThis article makes a case for the nexus between water resources and terrorism. Using Boko Haram activities in the Lake Chad region, I question the conventional arguments linking religion to the root cause of terrorism. I argue that there is an economic dimension of Boko Haram terrorism, which is based on two interrelated indicators: the attack on the Nigerian oil exploration team in the Lake Chad basin, and the continuous exploitation of oil and gas by Chad, Niger, and Cameroon in the region. Building on economic incentives and natural resources theoretical debates along with a historical enquiry into Boko Haram, the article concludes that economic interests, rather than religion, are partly the impetus to the activities of Boko Haram. The findings have significant implications for both the security of the Lake Chad region and counterterrorism at large.
A bi-directional dual-bandwidth microwave absorber for applications in X and Ku bands
Authors: Sen Gobinda , Das Santanu 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThis paper presents a microwave absorber with dual absorption bandwidth response based upon the direction of electromagnetic wave incident on the surface. The design unit cell comprises a staircase shape metallic patch on the top plane and an array of 2×2 meander square ring shape dual layer frequency selective surfaces (FSS) in the middle and bottom planes. The relative absorption bandwidth (RAB) of 39.40% (5 GHz) with more than 90% absorption of incident wave power is achieved when an electromagnetic wave impinges normally on the top plane making it suitable for wideband applications in the X and Ku bands. For the wave incident normally on the bottom plane, the same structure gives narrow band absorption with an RAB of 2.29% (260 MHz) for more than 90% absorption around 11 GHz. Thus, this bi-directional ability of the proposed design is found to be suitable for radar absorbing material, multi-bandwidth, and diverse applications. The absorption performance is also studied for different values of incident angle. The distribution of surface currents on the staircase patch and on the two FSS layers at resonant frequencies of 11 GHz and 14 GHz is analyzed to elaborate the absorption phenomenon physically. The prototype of this design is fabricated and the experimental results are found to be closely following the simulated one.
Target site–based resistance to penoxsulam in late watergrass (Echinochloa phyllopogon) from China
Authors: Liu Jian , Fang Jiapeng , He Zongzhe , Li Jun , Dong Liyao 
Published: May 2019

AbstractLate watergrass [Echinochloa phyllopogon (Stapf) Koso-Pol.] is one of the most persistent weeds in rice fields and shows resistance to some acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibiting herbicides, such as penoxsulam. Previous studies of E. phyllopogon’s herbicide resistance have focused on non–target site resistance mechanisms. In this study, E. phyllopogon populations from Heilong Jiang Province, China, that were possibly resistant to penoxsulam were used to identify the target site–based mechanisms of resistance. Population HSRH-520 showed a 25.4-fold higher resistance to penoxsulam than the sensitive population, HSRH-538. HSRH-520 was resistant to other ALS inhibitors, with resistance indexes ranging from 17.1 to 166. Target-gene sequence analysis revealed two different ALS genes in E. phyllopogon; a Pro-197-Ser substitution occurred in the ALS-2 gene of HSRH-520. In vitro activity assays revealed that the penoxsulam concentrations required to inhibit 50% of the ALS activity were 13.7 times higher in HSRH-520 than in HSRH-538. Molecular-docking tests showed that the Pro-197-Ser mutation reduced the binding affinity between ALS and ALS inhibitors belonging to the triazolopyrimidine, sulfonylaminocarbonyltriazolinone, and sulfonylurea families, and there were almost no effects on binding affinity when the ALS inhibitors were of the pyrimidinylthiobenzoate and imidazolinone families. Overall, the results indicated and verified that the Pro-197-Ser mutation leads to increased ALS activity by reducing the binding affinity of the inhibitor and ALS. This is the first report on the Pro-197-Ser mutation in the complete ALS gene of E. phyllopogon and will aid future research of target site–based resistance mechanisms of E. phyllopogon to ALS inhibitors.