bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spinal Tuberculosis – Directly Observed Treatment and Short Course or Daily Anti Tubercular Therapy -Are We Over Treating?
Authors: Banga Ravinder Kumar , Singh Jagdeep , Dahuja Anshul , Garg Radhe Shyam 
Published: October 2018

Study Design:
Prospective randomised control trial.

Purpose:
To compare the effectiveness of Directly Observed Treatment and Short Course (DOTS) and Daily Anti Tubercular Therapy (ATT) in spinal tuberculosis with no neurological deficit.

Overview of Literature:
Spinal tuberculosis is rampant in India with a major cause of morbidity and mortality. There is a lot of conflict regarding management with anti tubercular drugs, the regimen to be followed and the duration the drugs needed for complete cure.

Material and Methods:
This prospective study was conducted during the period of 2006 to 2009. Thirty cases of spinal tuberculosis were randomly divided equally into two groups of fifteen each and treated with DOTS and Daily ATT and compared at the end of follow up on clinical, radiological and Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate values (ESR).

Results:
Pain score on Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) exhibits that mean pain score was 5.93+_1.54 at start and 0.64+_1.01 at the end of follow up with 89.39% change with DOTS therapy whereas mean pain score was 7.08 +_1.61at start of therapy and 0.69+_0.95 at end of follow up with 91.73% change in patients treated with Daily ATT with p value >0.05 (not significant). The radiological recovery in patients with DOTS and Daily ATT have similar results after 1.5 years with p value > 0.05 showing that the radiological recovery by both treatment modalities are comparable. Mean change in ESR scores in DOTS therapy patients and patients on daily ATT were 74.57+_9.34% and 75.69+_9.38% change with p value >0.05 which was not significant.

Conclusion:
DOTS therapy is an effective means of management of spinal tuberculosis cases with no neurological involvement, however its efficacy in patients with neurological deficit is further to be evaluated.
Innovations and Computer-based Support: Illustrated by Five Cases
Authors: Lorange Peter 
Published: October 2018

Introduction:
This article discusses four alternative transportation links between China and Europe – the classical sea route through the Suez Canal, the N.S.E. (Artic) train passage through Russia, and ship and train via Genova – in terms of transportation costs, time spent, and reliability.

Conclusion:
It is concluded that the classical sea-route via Suez is likely to remain the preferred one for most shippers for a long time, when it comes to its relatively low cost, as well as increasingly improved time feature.
Isolation, Culture and Characterization of Cancer Stem Cells from Primary Osteosarcoma
Authors: Kamal Achmad Fauzi , Pranatha Deded Yudha , Sugito Waluyo , Rahman Faisal , Susanto Eka , Mariya Silmi , Chen Wei Ming 
Published: October 2018

Background:Osteosarcoma cancer stem cells (CSCs) are defined as a subpopulation of osteosarcoma cells, which have the ability of self-renewal, proliferation and differentiation. This study aimed to identify CSCs from human osteosarcomain vitro.Methods:Osteosarcoma CSCs were isolated and cultured with sphere-forming assay technique on an ultra-low well attachment surface plate. After sarcosphere colonies were formed, we conducted reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to detect the expression of genes of embryonic stem cells such asNANOG, Oct3/4, STAT3 and gene of MSC CD133. Immunofluorescence analysis (IFA) of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteocalcin, and CD 133 was also performed to see the expression of osteosarcoma CSC surface protein with immuno-enzymatic staining principle. We also performed alizarin red staining to evaluate calcification in osteosarcoma CSCs.Results:The culture sphere-of the osteosarcoma cells showed three dimension round shaped colonies (sarcospheres) in slightly hypoxicand serum free condition which was not attached to the substrate with tight density. RT-PCR demonstrated that sarcospheres expressed genes which encodeNANOG, Oct3/4 STAT 3, but not for CD 133. IFA showed positive protein expression of ALP, osteocalcin and CD 133 which was moderate, strong, and weak positive respectively. Sarcospheres also had a positive reaction toward alizarin red staining.Conclusion:Osteosarcoma CSCs could be isolated from human osteosarcoma by sphere-forming assay technique and characterized by the expression of genes of embryonic stem cells,such asNANOG, Oct3/4, STAT3 and IFA of ALP, osteocalcin, and CD 133.
Facile Synthesis of ZnO Nanofoam on ZnO Nanowire for Hydrogen Gas Detection
Authors: Chowdhury Paromita , Roy Sunipa , Banerjee Nabaneeta , Dutta Kuheli , Gangopadhaya Utpal , Biswas Utpal 
Published: October 2018

Background:
ZnO nanofoam cluster was deposited on ZnO nanowires using SiO2/Si substrate.
Nanocrystalline ZnO nanofoam cluster was grown on Chemical Bath Deposition (CBD) grown ZnO nanowires
by consecutive immersion (50 times) of the sample into Sodium Zincate (Na2ZnO2) bath (0.125M)
kept at room temperature and into the de-ionized (DI) water maintained at 80oC.

Methods:
Sodium Zincate was prepared by reacting Zinc Sulphate (ZnSO4) and excess Sodium Hydroxide
(NaOH) in aqueous solution. By simple Chemical Bath Deposition (CBD) technique ZnO nanowires of
length of 1-1.5 µm with diameter 2-3 nm were deposited on SiO2 coated <100> p-Si substrate. The ZnO
nanofoam cluster area was found to be ~(0.5 x 0.5) µm2. After structural and morphological characterizations
by FESEM, EDX and AFM, the sensor was tested for three different H2 concentrations (0.1, 0.5 and 1%)
taking N2 as carrier gas at four different operating temperatures (50ºC, 75ºC, 100ºC and 125ºC).

Results:
The sensor offered ~98% response magnitude at very low operating temperature 100ºC at 1000 ppm
H2 gas with very fast response time (16 sec) and recovery time (52 sec). The unique structure of nanofoam
covers multidimensional area having more molecular surface interactions thus permitting better response in
gas sensing. The I-V characteristics was studied to indicate ohmic nature of the silver contacts for four operating
temperatures with 1% hydrogen in N2 and it was also observed that amplitude of current is higher with
the presence of H2.

Conclusion:
Finally the stability study of the H2 sensor was also done in presence of carrier gas (N2) over a
span of 24 hours (6 hr daily).
Development of Novel ICH Compliant Method for Estimation of Ethanol Content in Traditionally Fermented Ayurvedic Formulations
Authors: Maithani Mukesh , Gupta Vikas , Bansal Parveen , Singh Harpreet , Raturi Richa 
Published: October 2018

Background:Due to lack of stringent regulations and standards from regulatory authorities, Ayurvedic formulations available in the market are not properly standardized and assessed for their quality. Asava and arishta are very important fermented and commonly used dosage forms of Ayurveda. Information on the quantitative parameters of the ayurvedic fermented preparations is very poor. These formulations contain naturally selfgenerated alcohol that acts as the medium for extraction of active ingredients of the herbs. Hence alcohol content becomes a point of concern as well as an important parameter for standardization of the asava and arishta and it becomes important for manufacturers to mention alcohol content on the label. In addition, as per ASU GMP guidelines, it is mandatory to assess the accurate ethanol content to ensure the quality of the product. However manufacturers used to escape to comply with the guidelines because of complexity, cost and time consuming available methods. Hence there was a need to develop a novel method.Objective:This study is intended to develop a simple, efficient, less time consuming, economic and accurate gas chromatography method and estimate the ethanol content in marketed ayurvedic formulations of asava and arishta.Methods:The GC system (Nucon 5700 Gas Chromatograph) fitted with flame ionization detector was used in the present study. A capillary packed column (2m length and 3.170mm diameter) with stationary phase made up of WHP having 0.14mm in mesh size with nitrogen carrier gas was, used and the data were acquired through Winchrom software.Results and Conclusion:The retention time for ethanol was found to be 1.53min. The correlation coefficient (r2) of ethanol was found to be 0.9990. The ethanol content obtained by the proposed method was found to be between 3.05% and 11.53%.Conclusion:The study presents a simple and validated gas chromatographic method for estimation of ethanol content in herbal formulations. The developed method was found to be specific, accurate, precise and rugged. The method has been successfully applied for the analysis of marketed ayurvedic formulations.
Increased Nociception Following Administration of Different Doses of Tranexamic Acid in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Surgery
Authors: Saleh Ashraf Nabil , Mostafa Raham Hasan 
Published: October 2018

Background:The inhibitory effect of Tranexamic Acid (TXA) on γ-aminobutyric acid and glycine receptors of spinal dorsal horn neurons which leads to pain arousal, has been highlighted recently in animal studies. Such findings would elicit concerns about adverse effects of TXA as a routine agent used to reduce perioperative blood loss.Objectives:This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different doses of TXA on analgesic requirements in adolescent patients undergoing elective single-stage posterior spine fusion surgery for idiopathic scoliosis.Patients and Methods:This prospective, randomized, double-blinded study comprised 75 patients who were randomly allocated to one of three groups. Each group comprised 25 patients. In group C (Control), patients received normal saline. While in group HD (High Dose), patients received TXA with a loading dose of 50 mg/kg and maintenance dose of 20 mg/kg/h and patients in group LD (Low Dose) received TXA with a loading dose of 10 mg/kg and maintenance dose of 1 mg/kg/h. The total intraoperative fentanyl dose was calculated for each patient which we used as a measure of the patients’ nociception level.Results:Group HD patients’ required the highest dose of fentanyl compared to those in LD group (mean of 60µgversus27µg). Patients in group C received no extra intraoperative narcotic doses and experienced the longest duration of surgical procedure. These results showed high statistically significant difference (p< 0.001).Conclusion:Intraoperative administration of TXA increases the analgesic requirement during elective single stage posterior spine fusion surgery which likely reflects an increase in patients’ intraoperative nociception.
Memeriksa Striae Gravidarum untuk Memperkirakan Laserasi Perineum
Authors: Khrisnamurti Sinta , Nurdiati Detty Siti , Setiyarini Wahyu Ikka 
Published: October 2018

Background: Striae gravidarum is a common phenomenon that occurs in pregnant women and a marker of decrease in skin elasticity. Poor elasticity of the perineum can result perineal laceration in vaginal childbirth. This study was to determine the relationship of striae gravidarum perinenum with the occurrence lacerations in normal labor, and the factors that most influence the occurrence of mild and severe perineal lacerations.Method: Used a cross sectional design, with a sample of 188 respondents. Assessment striae gravidarum using Atwal et al (2006) which has been modified, assessment of perineal lacerations used RCOG (2006). Data collection was done during the months of April to July 2015 in the maternity room Panembahan Senopati Bantul Hospital.Results: Factors that influence the occurrence of mild laceration were striae gravidarum moderate-severe (RP 1,230: CI 95% 1,23053-1,23066), primiparous (RP 1,2675: CI 95% 1,13709-1,41298). Factors that influence the occurrence of severe laceration were striae gravidarum moderate-severe (RP 1,676: CI 95% 1,246-2,255), primiparous (RP 1,117: CI 95% 1,1172-1,1175), the lithotomy position (RP 1,012: CI 95% 1,011-1,0629).Conclusion: Striae gravidarum is factor that influence the occurance of perineal laceration. Checking of striae gravidarum can be to estimate the severity of perineal laceration, the more scores striae gravidarum more severe perineal laceration that may be experienced by childbirth mothers. Keywords: striae gravidarum; perineal laceration; childbirth
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN AGE AND DIVISIONAL RANK IN PROFESSIONAL MIXED MARTIAL ARTS
Authors: Kirk Christopher 
Published: October 2018

Physiological changes brought about by a person’s aging process are known to negatively affect elite sports performance, but this may be delayed by skill mastery brought about by continued training. The intersection of these two separate processes causes a potential ‘peak performance window’ in many sports. Within MMA it has been shown that older competitors are more likely to lose individual bouts, especially due to strikes, and when they win it is most likely to be due to a decision. It has not been determined whether age has a long-term effect on success in MMA. This study divided the top 100 competitors in each MMA weight division into 5 ranking groups (RG) and used Bayesian ANOVA (BF10), 95% credible interval plots and Bayesian Kendall’s Tau (BF10) to determine if competitor rankings are affected by their age, and if each division displays a different age profile. The results found that whilst there is a general pattern of older participants being ranked higher, middleweight was the only division where this was statistically relevant. It was found, however, that the heavier the mass limit of the division, the older the participants are across each RG. These results suggest that skill mastery may be of more short-term importance to successful performance in MMA than physiological ability, particularly in the heavier divisions, but physiological decrements effect lighter competitors earlier in their chronological age. This is potentially due to differing performance requirements between the different divisions.
‘ALI ‘ABD AL-RAZIQ AS A FATHER OF ISLAMIC SECULARISM
Authors:  Efremova N. V. 
Published: October 2018

The article deals with the work of one of the most outstanding representative of modern Muslim reformation but still has not been thoroughly studied in our country, Egyptian sheikh Ali Abdarraziq (1888-1966), the author of a famous book “Islam and the Foundations of Political Power” (1925). He was the ﬁ rst Muslim theologian who evoked the idea of desacralization of caliphate and argumented the statement that Divine Law, in its essence, has nothing to do with the organization of political power.In the ﬁrst part the personality of Ali Abdarraziq is presented in the historical context, with a focus on a pressing struggle for the restauration of Caliphate abolishedin 1924 due to Kemalist reforms. Against this restauration, namely, Abdarraziq directed his book. Here is analyzed the sharp discussion raised by the book in wide circles of Egyptian society, its critics and court trial organized by the ulemas of al-Azhar.The work of Abdarraziq is to become the most disputable since the times of book-printing in the Arab countries. It inﬂ uenced greatly the following Muslim thought and till now acts a so-called guiding star for the modernists-secularists in all the Islamic world.
Sobre la aplicabilidad del grupo B del artículo 76 del Texto Refundido del Estatuto Básico del Empleado Público como grupo de clasificación profesional del personal funcionario de carrera en las Administraciones Públicas con especial referencia a ...
Authors: Gil Franco Agustín Juan 
Published: October 2018

Título completo: Sobre la aplicabilidad del grupo B del artículo 76 del Texto Refundido del Estatuto Básico del Empleado Público como grupo de clasificación profesional del personal funcionario de carrera en las Administraciones Públicas con especial referencia a las Administraciones LocalesLa creación del grupo B en 2007 por el EBEP como grupo de clasificación de los cuerpos /escalas y categorías de funcionarios para los que se exige como requisito de acceso la posesión de la titulación de “Técnico superior en formación profesional” no ha venido acompañada precisamente por una regulación legislativa o normativa de desarrollo del mismo, pese a las evidentes presiones de algunas categorías profesionales, a la espera de un ámbito propio de promoción profesional y de las propias centrales sindicales. Los Ayuntamientos son los que más directamente ha sufrido esta inacción del legislador pero poseen herramientas para afrontar el reto.
ANALISIS PENGARUH BOOK-TAX CONFORMITY TERHADAP PERSISTENSI LABA
Authors: Feidy Cathlin , Madya Synthia 
Published: October 2018

The difference between accounting earnings and taxable income in the research have been debated extensively. The difference raises two different perspectives, proponents of increased book-tax conformity argue that tax compliance will increase and earnings quality will improve. Opponents argue that earnings quality will decline. The objective of this research is to analyze and to obtain empirical evidence about the effect of book-tax conformity on earnings persistence in manufacturing companies which is listed on Indonesian Stock Exchange (IDX) in 2010-2014. This research’s data is obtained from company’s audited financial statements that have been published. This research has a total of 340 samples. Hypothesis examination in this research is done by using linear regression analysis method. The hypothesis examination uses loss and earnings variance as control variables. Result of the hypothesis examination shows that book-tax conformity effects the earnings persistence, consistent with the research’s hypothesis, and the effect is positive. It means that higher book-tax conformity may result in higher earnings persistence. The result also shows that loss is less persistence and earnings variance is not effect the earnings persistence.
ANALISIS PENGARUH PERSENTASE KEPEMILIKAN ASING, LATAR BELAKANG PENDIDIKAN KOMITE AUDIT, UKURAN KAP, UMUR PERUSAHAAN, PROFITABILITAS, DAN SOLVABILITAS TERHADAP AUDIT DELAY
Authors: Lienardi Vega , Widyastuti Theresia Dian 
Published: October 2018

The purpose of this research is to analyze the effect of foreign ownership percentage, audit committee education background, size of public accounting firm, company age, profitability and solvency to audit delay in mining companies that listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). This study takes company samples in 2011 - 2015. This research uses data from the Fact Book and the company's financial statements. The total sample in this research are 80 companies during 2011 - 2015. The significance value used in this research is 5%. Multiple linear regression testing was performed using version 17.00 SPSS program. The result of the research shows that (1) the foreign ownership percentage has no effect on audit delay (2) the audit committee education background has no effect on audit delay (3) size of public accounting firm has a significant negative effect on audit delay (4) firm's age has a significant negative effect on audit delay (5) profitability has a significant negative effect on audit delay, and (6) solvency has no effect on audit delay.
n. 217 (19): Dor On Line
Authors: Barboni Paulo 
Published: October 2018

Caros leitores, a Equipe DOL apresenta a vocês a edição de agosto de 2018 do Boletim Dor On Line. Esta edição apresenta um editorial da nossa sequência de textos sobre canais iônicos, tratando este mês do canal Nav 1.3 e sua participação na dor. Temos também, na seção de Divulgação Científica, alertas sobre causas da dor de cabeça, a analgesia do álcool, problemas ao avaliar a dor por profissionais da saúde, a ocorrência de abuso de opioides em idosos e as indicações para o seu uso em pacientes canadenses. Na seção de Ciência e Tecnologia, temos alertas tratando do mecanismo de ação de antagonistas de angiotensina, a participação de receptores NMDA no processo de cronificação da dor neuropática, a ação do canabidiol na dor da osteoartrite, o papel da fagocitose de macrófagos na resolução do processo inflamatório e um novo bloqueador de canal de sódio na neuropatia diabética. Boa Leitura!

EDITORIAL DO MÊS
Editorial do mês
Nav 1.3 - avançaremos nas opções terapêuticas?
Andressa Urba de Quadros

Divulgação Científica
1. Alguns motivos pelos quais sentimos dores de cabeça. A ansiedade como agente determinante para a ocorrência de dor de cabeça
Dênis Augusto Sant'Anna dos Reis
2. O efeito analgésico do álcool. Uma revisão demonstra o efeito analgésico do álcool
Andressa Daiane de Carvalho Zaparolli
3. A dor dos pacientes subestimadas pelos profissionais. Uma revisão abrangente
Kênia Fonseca Pires
4. O uso indevido de opioides aumenta à medida que as pessoas envelhecem. As fontes para a aquisição da medicação são diversas
Thayná Moreira Gomes Marra
5. Indicações clínicas associadas ao início de uso de opioides para o tratamento de dor em Ontário, Canadá: um estudo de coorte de base populacional
Amanda Paula Mendonça da Costa
6. Cross-talk entre macrófagos e neurônios sensoriais periféricos na dor induzida por angiotensina II. Angiotensina em macrófagos modulando dor
Cássia Regina da Silva
7. A ativação de receptores NMDA está envolvida na cronificação da dor neuropática. Estímulos excitatórios mediados por receptores NMDA causa degeneração de alguns neurônios
Francisco Isaac Fernandes Gomes
8. Atenuação da inflamação na fase inicial pelo canabidiol previne a dor e os danos às fibras nervosas. Tratamento com canabidiol diminui a inflamação articular.
Alexandre Gomes de Macedo Maganin
9. GPR37 regula a fagocitose exercida por macrófagos e a resolução da dor inflamatória. A resolvina neuroprotectina D1 regula a fagocitose exercida por macrófagos
Miriam das Dores Mendes Fonseca
10. Eficácia do bloqueador de Nav 1.7 PF-05089771 na neuropatia diabética periférica dolorosa. Uso do bloqueador do canal de sódio no tratamento da dor na neuropatia diabética
Marília Pereira da Silva
Criterios para la evaluación de objetos de aprendizaje en las valoraciones pedagógica, didáctica y/o tecnológica
Authors: Martínez Lazcano Verónica , Muñoz Sánchez Yira , Castillo Pérez Iliana 
Published: October 2018

En el presente ensayo se expone la necesidad de identificar los criterios nacionales e internacionales que actualmente aplican las diferentes instituciones educativas u organismos que desarrollan materiales digitales didácticos, mediante modelos implementados, cuya finalidad es realizar la valoración pedagógica, didáctica, o bien tecnológica de dichos recursos que les permita asegurar su calidad.
Lo anterior, con el propósito de que los docentes y estudiantes puedan seleccionar y utilizar libremente los materiales necesarios para mejorar los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje.
Tipos de valoraciones en la evaluación de objetos de aprendizaje
Authors: Martínez Lazcano Verónica , Muñoz Sánchez Yira , Castillo Pérez Iliana 
Published: October 2018

El uso de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC) son necesarias en el proceso educativo, por lo que los docentes han tenido que adquirir habilidades, por sus propios medios, en el desarrollo de materiales para su asignatura, o bien la institución en la que laboran contribuye en su capacitación con el propósito de ir creando un banco de materiales didácticos digitales que sean de utilidad en los diferentes temas de las diversas disciplinas.
En este contexto, es importante que los materiales creados sean de calidad, dado que éstos tienen un papel importante en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. De esta manera, algunos autores han considerado varios aspectos en la evaluación de objetos de aprendizaje para medir su eficiencia. Entre las valoraciones que miden la calidad de los materiales, destacan: Didáctico y/o pedagógico, Técnico o tecnológico, y Funcional o usabilidad (Fernández-Pampillón, Domínguez, & De Armas, 2012; García-Barrera, 2016; González, 2016; López & Ballesteros, 2011; Morales, Gómez, & García, 2008; Toll & Ril, 2013; Pinto & Gómez-Camarero, 2011).