bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterizing traumatic brain injury and its association with homelessness in a community-based sample of precariously housed adults and youth
Authors: Stubbs Jacob L. , Thornton Allen E. , Gicas Kristina M. , O’Connor Tiffany A. , Livingston Emily M. , Lu Henri Y. , Mehta Amiti K. , Lang Donna J. , Vertinsky Alexandra T. , Field Thalia S. , Heran Manraj K. , Leonova Olga , Buchanan Tari , Barr Alasdair M. , MacEwan G. William , Honer William G. , Panenka William J. 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTWe characterized the prevalence, mechanisms, and sex difference of lifetime traumatic brain injury (TBI) in a precariously housed sample. We also examined the impact of TBI severity and timing on becoming and staying homeless. 285 precariously housed participants (adults n = 226, youths n = 59) completed the Brain Injury Screening Questionnaire (BISQ) in addition to other health assessments. A history of TBI was reported in 82.1% of the sample, with 64.6% reporting > 1 TBI, and 21.4% reporting a moderate or severe TBI (msTBI). 10.1% of adults had traumatically-induced lesions on MRI scans. Assault was the most common mechanism of injury overall, and females reported significantly more TBIs due to physical abuse than males (adjusted OR = 1.26, 95% CI = 1.14 – 1.39, p = 9.18e-6). The first msTBI was significantly closer to the first experience of homelessness (b = 2.79, p = 0.003) and precarious housing (b = 2.69, p = 7.47e-4) than was the first mild TBI. Traumatic brain injuries more proximal to the initial loss of stable housing were associated with a longer lifetime duration of homelessness (RR = 1.04, 95% CI = 1.02 – 1.06, p = 6.8e-6) and precarious housing (RR = 1.03, 95% CI = 1.01 – 1.04, p = 5.5e-10). These findings demonstrate the high prevalence of TBI in vulnerable persons and the severity- and timing-related risk that TBI may confer for the onset and prolongation of homelessness.
Cell-derived plasma membrane vesicles are permeable to hydrophilic macromolecules
Authors: Skinkle AD , Levental I 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTGiant Plasma Membrane Vesicles (GPMVs) are a widely used model system for biochemical and biophysical analysis of the isolated mammalian plasma membrane (PM). A core advantage of these vesicles is that they maintain the native lipid and protein diversity of the plasma membrane while affording the experimental flexibility of synthetic giant vesicles. In addition to fundamental investigations of PM structure and composition, GPMVs have been used to evaluate the binding of proteins and small molecules to cell-derived membranes, and the permeation of drug-like molecules through them. An important assumption of such experiments is that GPMVs are sealed; i.e. that permeation occurs by diffusion through the hydrophobic core rather than through hydrophilic pores. Here we demonstrate that this assumption is often incorrect. We find that most GPMVs isolated using standard preparations are passively permeable to various hydrophilic solutes as large as 40 kDa, in contrast to synthetic giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs). We attribute this leakiness to relatively large and heterogeneous pores formed by rupture of vesicles from cells. These pores are stable and persist throughout experimentally relevant time scales. Finally, we identify preparation conditions that minimize poration and allow evaluation of sealed GPMVs. These unexpected observations of GPMV poration are of critical importance for interpreting experiments utilizing GPMVs as plasma membrane models, particularly for drug permeation and membrane asymmetry.STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCEA critical assumption in using Giant Plasma Membrane Vesicles to study membrane penetration and interactions is that these vesicles maintain the permeability barrier of the native membrane from which they form. Using large fluorescently-labeled hydrophilic probes, we demonstrate that this assumption is often incorrect and conclude that macromolecular solutes permeate GPMVs through stable pores formed during shear-induced rupture of vesicles from cells. Using these insights into the mechanisms of poration, we demonstrate an approach to isolate sealed GPMVs.
Desmin is a modifier of dystrophic muscle features in Mdx mice
Authors: Ferry Arnaud , Messéant Julien , Parlakian Ara , Lemaitre Mégane , Roy Pauline , Delacroix Clément , Lilienbaum Alain , Hovhannisyan Yeranuhi , Furling Denis , Klein Arnaud , Li Zhenlin , Agbulut Onnik 
Published: August 2019

AbstractDuchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a severe neuromuscular disease, caused by dystrophin deficiency. Desmin is like dystrophin associated to costameric structures bridging sarcomeres to extracellular matrix that are involved in force transmission and skeletal muscle integrity. In the present study, we wanted to gain further insight into the roles of desmin which expression is increased in the muscle from the mouse Mdx DMD model. We show that a deletion of the desmin gene (Des) in Mdx mice (DKO, Mdx:desmin-/-) induces a marked worsening of the weakness (reduced maximal force production) as compared to Mdx mice. Fragility (higher susceptibility to contraction-induced injury) was also aggravated and fatigue resistance was reduced in DKO mice. Moreover, in contrast to Mdx mice, the DKO mice did not undergo a muscle hypertrophy because of smaller and less numerous fibers, with reduced percentage of centronucleated fibres. Interestingly, Desmin cDNA transfer with adeno-associated virus in 1-month-old DKO mice and newborn Mdx mice improved muscle weakness. Overall, desmin plays important and beneficial roles on muscle performance, fragility and remodelling in dystrophic Mdx mice.
Highly efficient site-directed gene insertion in primary human natural killer cells using homologous recombination and CRISPaint delivered by AAV
Authors: Kararoudi Meisam Naeimi , Likhite Shibi , Elmas Ezgi , Schwartz Maura , Meyer Kathrin , Lee Dean A. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractHuman peripheral blood natural killer (NK) cells have strong antitumor activity and have been used successfully in several clinical trials. Modifying NK cells with a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) can improve their targeting and increase specificity. However, genetic modification of NK cells has been challenging due to the high expression of innate sensing mechanisms for viral nucleic acids. Recently, we described an efficient vector-free method using Cas9/ribonucleoprotein complexes for gene deletion in NK cells. Here, we combined this approach with single-stranded (ss) or self-complementary (sc) Adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated gene delivery for gene insertion into a user-defined locus using homology repair (HR) and non-homologous directed CRISPR-assisted insertion tagging (CRISPaint) approaches. Using these approaches, we identified scAAV6 as the superior serotype for successful generation of stable mCherry-expressing primary NK cells (up to 89%). To maximize transgene packaging in HR-directed gene insertion, we identified minimum optimal homology arm lengths of 300bp for the flanking region of the Cas9-targeting site. Lastly, we demonstrate that mCherry positive NK cells can be expanded to large numbers using feeder cells expressing membrane-bound IL-21. This efficient method for site-directed insertion of genetic material into NK cells has broad potential for basic discovery and therapeutic applications for primary NK cells.
Phenome-wide and Genome-wide Analyses of Quality of Life in Schizophrenia
Authors: Pazoki Raha , Lin Bochao Danae , van Eijk Kristel R. , Schijven Dick , Guloksuz Sinan ,   GROUP investigators, Luykx Jurjen J. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundSchizophrenia negatively impacts quality of life (QoL). A handful of variables from small studies have been reported to influence QoL of schizophrenia patients, but a study comprehensively dissecting the genetic and non-genetic contributing factors to QoL in these patients is currently lacking. We adopted a hypothesis-generating approach to assess the phenotypic and genotypic determinants of QoL in schizophrenia.MethodThe study population consisted of 1,119 patients with a psychotic disorder, 1,979 relatives and 586 healthy controls. Using linear regression, we tested >100 independent demographic, cognitive and clinical phenotypes for their association with QoL in patients. We then performed genome-wide association analyses of QoL and examined the association between polygenic risk scores (PRSs) for schizophrenia, major depressive disorder (MDD), and subjective wellbeing (SW) with QoL.ResultsWe found nine phenotypes to be significantly and independently associated with QoL in patients, the most significant ones being negative (Beta=-1.17; SE=0.05, P=1×10-83; r2=53%), depressive (Beta=-1.07; SE=0.05; P=2×10-79; r2=51%) and emotional distress (Beta=-0.09; SE=0.01; P=4×10-59, r2=38%) symptoms. Schizophrenia and subjective wellbeing PRSs using various P-value thresholds were significantly and consistently associated with QoL (lowest association p-value = 6.8×10-6). Several sensitivity analyses confirmed the results.ConclusionsVarious clinical phenotypes of schizophrenia as well as schizophrenia and subjective wellbeing polygenic risk scores are associated with QoL in schizophrenia patients and their relatives. These may be targeted by clinicians to more easily identify vulnerable schizophrenia patients for further social and clinical interventions to improve their QoL.
Clarifying species dependence under joint species distribution modeling
Authors: Gelfand Alan E. , Shirota Shinichiro 
Published: August 2019

AbstractJoint species distribution modeling is attracting increasing attention these days, acknowledging the fact that individual level modeling fails to take into account expected dependence/interaction between species. These models attempt to capture species dependence through an associated correlation matrix arising from a set of latent multivariate normal variables. However, these associations offer little insight into dependence behavior between species at sites.We focus on presence/absence data using joint species modeling which incorporates spatial dependence between sites. For pairs of species, we emphasize the induced odds ratios (along with the joint probabilities of occurrence); they provide much clearer understanding of joint presence/absence behavior. In fact, we propose a spatial odds ratio surface over the region of interest to capture how dependence varies over the region.We illustrate with a dataset from the Cape Floristic Region of South Africa consisting of more than 600 species at more than 600 sites. We present the spatial distribution of odds ratios for pairs of species that are positively correlated and pairs that are negatively correlated under the joint species distribution model.The multivariate normal covariance matrix associated with a collection of species is only a device for creating dependence among species but it lacks interpretation. By considering odds ratios, the quantitative ecologist will be able to better appreciate the practical dependence between species that is implicit in these joint species distribution modeling specifications.
Power practices around infrastructures in Glòries, Barcelona
Authors: Chiappini María Cecilia , Scheerlinck Kris , Schoonjans Yves 
Published: August 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate ways of practicing political power in public space in the interaction between central and marginal users in Glòries, an area under transformation in Barcelona. Originally conceived as the core of its extension, Glòries is now a battle field where conflictive spatial-social manifestations are strongly linked to pending conditions and partially implemented infrastructural projects. The key actors are in large majority illegal migrants, which activities and spatial strategies are particularly uncomfortable for city administrators; challenging the traditional focus on actors that are stable and institutionalized, included and previewed by the tools for urban projects implementation.

Design/methodology/approach
To achieve insights on urban spatial articulations of appropriations by marginal actors around infrastructures, the method deployed is to look closely at the interplays between persecuted and persecutors and their ways of practicing power in space in the frame of the illegal street markets in Glòries. This is part of an ongoing PhD research on the complexity of involved processes. The research is executed in diverse work packages: mapping of material transformations (morphology, domain, accessibility and permeability), in diverse timeframes; surrounding functions and temporal fixities, appropriations catalysts; media presences and discussions; crossed references with immersive field work and exchange with locals.

Findings
A broad variety of illegal street markets have been monitored in Glòries, revealing an increase in scale, frequency and levels of tension. Around them, their dynamic properties can be extracted and measured: spatial configurations, sizes, timeframes, number of traders/visitors, the relation to other elements, the strategies of displaying, displacing and dispersing used by the police. In all, the relationship with the infrastructural elements shows crucial and a better understanding of their relations constitutes a path to understand how both infrastructures and collective behavior contribute to dynamic productive and power logics in space.

Originality/value
This research and case study are an outstanding framework to explore the concrete spatial interactions and interplays of different power or territorialization processes, i.e. the strategies to denote presence and agency – in novel ways. Focusing on their spatial outcomes in contemporary transformation processes where infrastructures are dominant components is a way to inform the design, practice and implementation of city project and management.
Motives to SME internationalisation
Authors: Bowen Robert 
Published: August 2019

PurposeThis study offers a comparative analysis of attitudes to small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) internationalisation in two different cultural settings, Wales and Brittany. The purpose of this paper is to conduct an in-depth investigation of attitudes to internationalisation among food and drink SMEs using mixed methods and focussing on both SMEs that internationalise and those that do not. This leads to a more comprehensive understanding of the issues influencing attitudes to SME internationalisation, which could facilitate policy development for such companies.Design/methodology/approachMixed methods are used in this study to provide a richness of data in investigating this complex issue. The majority of research in this field has focussed on quantitative research, however, this study heeds calls for more plurality in research on SME internationalisation to achieve a more detailed understanding of the issues affecting SME internationalisation. This is achieved through an online questionnaire of 169 food producing SMEs in Wales and Brittany, informed by International Entrepreneurship theory. A second phase of semi-structured interviews provides more context to the questionnaire findings, with 37 interviews conducted with respondents from the questionnaire. Each phase was conducted independently, with findings triangulated for further investigation.FindingsCompanies of all characteristics have the ability to internationalise; however, cultural differences were observed between Wales and Brittany in both attitudes and the conditions for internationalisation. Breton SMEs displayed more proactivity to internationalisation, stemming from more favourable conditions, a greater reputation for food and more confidence. Conversely, Welsh SMEs were more reactive, relying on government support in encouraging internationalisation. Breton SMEs also benefitted from the strong cultural identity of food products, especially through the Produit en Bretagne brand and its network of producers.Originality/valueThe study makes both a theoretical and methodological contribution to research on SME internationalisation. The comparative study of Wales and Brittany is significant in understanding cultural influences to internationalisation in two regions where the food and drink industry represents an important part of the economy. The focus on a single industry is significant in understanding the particularities of internationalisation within an industrial context, as findings from studies across multiple industries are considered less generalisable. A methodological contribution is sought through using mixed methods to provide a more comprehensive study.
Analysis of torque ripple and fault-tolerant capability for a 16/10 segmented switched reluctance motor in HEV applications
Authors: Sun Xiaodong , Wu Jiangling , Wang Shaohua , Diao Kaikai , Yang Zebin 
Published: August 2019

Purpose
The torque ripple and fault-tolerant capability are the two main problems for the switched reluctance motors (SRMs) in applications. The purpose of this paper, therefore, is to propose a novel 16/10 segmented SRM (SSRM) to reduce the torque ripple and improve the fault-tolerant capability in this work.

Design/methodology/approach
The stator of the proposed SSRM is composed of exciting and auxiliary stator poles, while the rotor consists of a series of discrete segments. The fault-tolerant and torque ripple characteristics of the proposed SSRM are studied by the finite element analysis (FEA) method. Meanwhile, the characteristics of the SSRM are compared with those of a conventional SRM with 8/6 stator/rotor poles. Finally, FEA and experimental results are provided to validate the static and dynamic characteristics of the proposed SSRM.

Findings
It is found that the proposed novel 16/10 SSRM for the application in the belt-driven starter generator (BSG) possesses these functions: less mutual inductance and high fault-tolerant capability. It is also found that the proposed SSRM provides lower torque ripple and higher output torque. Finally, the experimental results validate that the proposed SSRM runs with lower torque ripple, better output torque and fault-tolerant characteristics, making it an ideal candidate for the BSG and similar systems.

Originality/value
This paper presents the analysis of torque ripple and fault-tolerant capability for a 16/10 segmented switched reluctance motor in hybrid electric vehicles. Using FEA simulation and building a test bench to verify the proposed SSRM’s superiority in both torque ripple and fault-tolerant capability.
Social content marketing, social media and product development process effectiveness in high-tech companies
Authors: Seyyedamiri Nader , Tajrobehkar Ladan 
Published: August 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of social content marketing in social media on the effectiveness of the new product development process of high-tech companies with regard to the e-trust as a mediator between content and effectiveness.Design/methodology/approachFor this study, a descriptive research method has been adopted. Data were collected through a questionnaire. In total, 430 questionnaires were distributed among professionals and managers working in R&D, marketing, sales and strategic departments of firms affiliated with ICT Guild Organization in September 2017. Of this number, 384 complete questionnaires were included in the study. Data were analyzed using structural equation method by Smart PLS software.FindingsFindings show that although social content marketing and e-trust influenced the effectiveness of the product development process, e-trust did not play a mediating role in the relationship between social content marketing and effectiveness of product development process in high-tech companies.Practical implicationsHigh-tech companies, drawing on the results of this research, can utilize the component of social content marketing in social and mobile media and content publication through e-commerce, social and mobile media and m-commerce while analyzing user-generated content to identify user demands and achieve the proper idea generation. At the time of commercializing, by educating and informing customers, they mitigate fears and risks. This will lead to increasing the effectiveness of the product development process, market share and achieving revenue goals.Originality/valueThis study investigates the social content marketing role in product development process in high-tech companies and tests the model in the context of the Tehran IT industries. The result of this study provides a reference for managers of high-tech companies and helps them lower the failure rate of product development.
Teachers’ motivation to adopt technology in higher education
Authors: Sharma Lavina , Srivastava Mallika 
Published: August 2019

Purpose
The higher education, universities and institutions across the world have increasingly adopted information and communication technology (ICT) as a tool for curriculum development, learning and teaching, and for administrative activities. The use of technology to facilitate learning is gaining acceptance across various educational institutions. In order to use technology in the best possible manner, it becomes essential that the teacher should be willing to accept the technology and use it for the teaching activities. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to understand the teachers’ motivation toward adopting technology in the higher education.

Design/methodology/approach
An exploratory-descriptive approach is used in this research. The sampling frame for the study is the teachers employed in the management institutes in Bengaluru, Pune, Indore and Delhi. A simple random sampling technique is used for identifying the sample for the study. A self-administered questionnaire was employed to measure the validity of items measuring the teacher’s intention to use technology.

Findings
The results of the study confirm a significant positive impact of value beliefs (VB), social influence (SI) and perceived ease of use (PEOU) on the behavioral intention (BI) to use technology by the teachers. However, the study does not establish the relationship between self-efficacy and BI to use technology by teachers.

Practical implications
The use of technology will be an important area in the field of higher education where it becomes crucial to understand the motivation factors that lead to the adoption of ICT in the classroom and the curriculum. In order to successfully integrate technology into the teaching-learning process, it is concluded that the factors that positively influence the BI to use technology include the VB, PEOU and the SI.

Originality/value
This study contributes toward the study of teachers’ motivation in the adoption of technology in higher education in India.