bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Community Pharmacy Based Model for HIV Care and Services: Attitudes and Perceptions of Practitioners in Jos, Nigeria
Authors: Dapar M. L. P. , Joseph B. N. , Damun P. A. , Okunlola C. R. , Ahmadu E. , Aya B. M. , Alphonsus P. N. 
Published: September 2019

Background: Differentiated care is an innovative multi-dimensional strategy for improving access to HIV care and treatment outcomes. However, its successful implementation depends on attitudes and perceptions of practitioners.
Objectives: This study assessed the attitudes and perception of community pharmacists on HIV differentiated care and services.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional survey of community pharmacists in Jos, Plateau state, Nigeria. The portion of the study reported in this paper consisted of a 10 items Likert questions to assess attitudes and perceptions of community pharmacists on differentiated HIV care and services. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 20 was used to manage data. The reliability of the instrument was calculated using Cronbach’s alpha. Descriptive statistics were presented as tables and figures.
Results: Seventy-three 73 community pharmacists completed our questionnaire out of 110 distributed, giving a response rate of 66.4%. Mean age of respondents was 37.7+7.8 years. Cronbach’s alpha for internal consistency of the perception scale was 0.9 indicating good reliability of the instrument. Overall, respondents had a positive perception regarding suitability and benefits of differentiated HIV care and services in community pharmacies. Highest agreement was to the perception that differentiated care would encourage collaboration between community pharmacies and the rest of the health system.
Conclusion: Willingness and positive perceptions of community pharmacists about the suitability and benefits of providing HIV differentiated care and services were identified.
Effect of diabetes type on long‐term outcome of epidermal axon regeneration
Authors: Khoshnoodi Mohammad , Truelove Shaun , Polydefkis Michael 
Published: September 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the effect of diabetes type on the long‐term rate and extent of epidermal nerve regeneration.MethodsSubjects with well controlled type 1 diabetes mellitus (n = 11) or type 2 diabetes mellitus (n = 36), with normal nerve conduction studies and baseline intraepidermal nerve fiber density (IENFD), and healthy controls (n = 10) underwent chemical axotomy of the intraepidermal nerves at the thigh using topical capsaicin. Skin biopsies were performed at 30, 90, 150, and 180 days post‐axotomy.ResultsAfter 180 days, IENFD in diabetic subjects remained significantly below baseline levels, while healthy controls returned to normal. At each time point, regeneration rates were significantly slower among diabetic subjects, although type 1 subjects regenerated significantly faster and achieved higher percentages of baseline IENFD compared with type 2.InterpretationAmong diabetic patients, nerve injury recovery is likely to take significantly longer than in healthy individuals, and remains incomplete, particularly among type 2 patients. This may partially explain the progression of neuropathy among diabetic patients: damage accumulates because nerve recovery is slowed and incomplete. Furthermore, these findings support caution when recommending certain procedures, such as carpal tunnel repair, to patients with progressed diabetic disease.
Spray‐Coated Colloidal Perovskite Quantum Dot Films for Highly Efficient Solar Cells
Authors: Yuan Jifeng , Bi Chenghao , Wang Shixun , Guo Ruiqi , Shen Ting , Zhang Linxing , Tian Jianjun 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA fully automated spray‐coated technology with ultrathin‐film purification is exploited for the commercial large‐scale solution‐based processing of colloidal inorganic perovskite CsPbI3 quantum dot (QD) films toward solar cells. This process is in the air outside the glove box. To further improve the performance of QD solar cells, the short‐chain ligand of phenyltrimethylammonium bromide (PTABr) with a benzene group is introduced to partially substitute for the original long‐chain ligands of the colloidal QD surface (namely PTABr‐CsPbI3). This process not only enhances the carrier charge mobility within the QD film due to shortening length between adjacent QDs, but also passivates the halide vacancy defects of QD by Br− from PTABr. The colloidal QD solar cells show a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 11.2% with an open voltage of 1.11 V, a short current density of 14.4 mA cm−2, and a fill factor of 0.70. Due to the hydrophobic surface chemistry of the PTABr–CsPbI3 film, the solar cell can maintain 80% of the initial PCE in ambient conditions for one month without any encapsulation. Such a low‐cost and efficient spray‐coating technology also offers an avenue to the film fabrication of colloidal nanocrystals for electronic devices.
Reversible Thermoresponsive Hydrogel Fabricated from Natural Biopolymer for the Improvement of Critical Limb Ischemia by Controlling Release of Stem Cells
Authors: Wang Rui , Yao Xueliang , Li Tingyu , Li Xue , Jin Mingming , Ni Yebin , Yuan Weizhong , Xie Xiaoyun , Lu Ligong , Li Maoquan 
Published: September 2019

AbstractStem cells therapy is an effective treatment for critical limb ischemia diseases (CLI), but is limited to low cells retention and poor target release in severe ischemia tissues. Due to the notable feature of CLI, namely, the temperature of ischemia tissues decreases with the severity of the lesions, a thermoresponsive and reversible hydrogel based on methylcellulose‐salt system encapsulating stem cells is facilely prepared and successfully achieved the goal of releasing stem cells in lower temperature areas. The investigations show that the thermogel presents notable biocompatibility, thermoresponsiveness, and cytoprotection. Furthermore, the combined transplantation of hydrogel and stem cells system effectively inhibits the fibrosis and muscular atrophy of lower limb ischemia, accelerates the recovery of lower limb blood flow, and promotes angiogenesis, indicating that the reversible thermogel can promote vascular repair by controlling the release of loaded stem cells in the treatment of CLI.
Bis‐Alkoxycarbonylation of Acrylic Esters and Amides for the Synthesis of 2‐Alkoxycarbonyl or 2‐Carbamoyl Succinates
Authors: Olivieri Diego , Tarroni Riccardo , Della Ca' Nicola , Mancuso Raffaella , Gabriele Bartolo , Spadoni Gilberto , Carfagna Carla 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe first example of the bis‐alkoxycarbonylation of acrylic esters and acrylic amides, leading to differently substituted 1,1,2‐ethanetricarboxylate compounds and 2‐carbamoylsuccinates respectively, is reported. The catalyst is formed in situ by mixing Pd(TFA)2 (TFA=trifluoroacetate) and the ligand bis(2,6‐dimethylphenyl)butane‐2,3‐diimine. The reaction, that proceeds using p‐benzoquinone as oxidant and p‐toluenesulfonic acid as additive, has been applied to variously substituted electron‐poor alkenes, employing different alcohols as nucleophiles, under very mild reaction conditions (4 bar of carbon monoxide at 20 °C). Remarkably, this catalytic system is able to promote the carbonylation of both the β‐ and the generally unreactive α‐positions of acrylic esters and amides, allowing the formation of bis‐alkoxycarbonylated products in good to excellent yields (up to 98%). The trend of reactivity, observed with the different electron‐deficient olefins, has been rationalized on the basis of the proposed catalytic cycle and DFT calculations.magnified image
Mushroom poisoning with Scleroderma albidum: a case report with review of the literature
Authors: Sato Yukio , Tomonari Hisakuni , Kaneko Yasushi , Yo Kikuo 
Published: September 2019

BackgroundSclerodermataceae are known to be poisonous mushrooms; current published reports regarding the toxicity and treatment for Sclerodermataceae poisoning are limited.Case PresentationA 66‐year‐old man was transferred to our hospital with complaints of visual disturbance, lightheadedness, bradycardia, and shock. The patient's medical history included cerebral hemorrhage and alcoholic hepatitis. He had eaten a mushroom growing in his garden, 30 min before arriving at our hospital. We carried out gastric lavage and gave the patient activated charcoal within an hour of mushroom ingestion. Particles of the mushroom were obtained during lavage, and most complaints were relieved immediately. However, the patient remained in shock for <2 h. He was admitted for observation and discharged 2 days later with no complications. The Public Health and Welfare Office later identified the mushroom as Scleroderma albidum.ConclusionScleroderma albidum caused muscarinic effects; features of central nervous system toxicity were also apparent.
Structurally Folded Curvature Surface Models of Geodes/Agate Rosettes (Cathode/Anode) as Vehicle/Truck Storage for High Energy Density Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Khalifa Hesham , El‐Safty Sherif A. , Reda Abdullah , Shenashen Mohamed A. , Elmarakbi Ahmed , Metawa Hussain A. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe synchronized development of low cost, high energy density, full‐scale lithium‐ion battery (LIB) vehicle/truck storages with long charge/discharge cycles, long‐term stability, and excellent rate capacity and Coulombic efficiency is crucial. Here, structurally folded curvature surface cathode/anode models were designated as vehicle/truck storages. The modulation of LIB vehicle folds with diverse surface functions such as cave‐in‐hollow nests, shell‐walled/fenced edges, and convex/concave spheroid‐capped gradients of geode (G)/agate rosette (AR) (cathode/anode) electrodes may be used as leverage to motivate the dynamic mobility of electron‐ion motion systems directly and generate vehicle/truck storage loading on sustainable electrode surface geometrics, leading to long‐term charge/discharge cycles. In this vehicle/truck storage design, evidence of the effect of structurally folded curvature surface models on the creation of anode/cathode designs is first reported as the force‐driven modulation of high energy density of full‐scale G‐cathode//AR‐anode LIBs. The built‐in LIB is formulated with structurally shaped spheroids along whole‐, eroded‐, and unopened G‐cathodes and AR‐anodes that exhibit the effect of the remarkable surface curvature function changes on fabrication of well‐defined geometric LIBs. The building design of G‐cathode//AR‐anode LIBs with a bundle of convex/concave spheroid‐capped gradients, and three‐dimensional (3D) surface curvatures offer a massive gate‐in transport of electrons/Li+ ions for long periods of charge/discharge cycles and outstanding discharge capacities. Outstanding long‐term cycling performance and stability, excellent retention capacity ∼85 % with a first discharge specific capacity of 162.5 mAh g−1 and an approximate Coulombic efficiency of 99.7 %, were obtained after 2000 cycles at a rate of 1 C in a potential region from 0.8 V to 3.5 V versus Li/Li+ at room temperature by using 3D super‐scalable G@C//AR@C built‐in full‐scale LIB models. A high value of specific energy density ≈131.6 Wh kg−1. The full‐scale LIB models may offer all mandatory requirements overcoming the energy density limits that required a driving range of long‐term EVs.
Increased cytoplasmatic expression of cancer immune surveillance receptor CD1d in anaplastic thyroid carcinomas
Authors: Weber Florian , Junger Henrik , Werner Jens M. , Velez Char Natalia , Rejas Carolina , Schlitt Hans J. , Hornung Matthias 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundAnaplastic thyroid carcinomas are associated with rapid tumor growth, short survival time and without any promising therapy to improve the poor prognosis. In this study, expression of immunoregulative receptor CD1d and lymphocyte infiltration in different thyroid tumors as well as in healthy tissue were analyzed in order to find new targets for an immunotherapeutic approach.MethodsCD1d immunohistochemistry was performed in samples of 18 anaplastic, 17 follicular, 27 papillary, and 4 medullary thyroid carcinomas as well as in 19 specimens from normal thyroid tissue and additionally in 10 samples of sarcoma, seven malignant melanoma and three spindle‐cell lung carcinoma. Furthermore, thyroid samples were stained with antibodies against CD3, CD20, CD56, CD68, and LCA in order to analyze lymphocyte infiltration.ResultsFor the first time CD1d receptor expression on normal thyroid tissue could be demonstrated. Moreover, anaplastic thyroid carcinomas showed significantly higher expression levels compared to other thyroid samples. Most astonishingly, CD1d expression disappeared from the cellular surface and was detected rather in the cytoplasm of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma cells. In addition, histologically similar tumors to anaplastic carcinoma like sarcoma and malignant melanoma revealed distinct CD1d staining patterns. Furthermore, infiltration of T cells, B cells, and macrophages in anaplastic thyroid carcinomas was different when compared to normal thyroid tissue and all other thyroid carcinomas.ConclusionsAnaplastic thyroid carcinomas show significantly higher expression of CD1d, a receptor for NKT cells, which are subject of several anticancer therapy studies. These results may offer a novel approach to explore immunotherapeutic treatment options.
Parvovirus B19‐induced hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: Case report and review of the literature
Authors: Kalmuk James , Matar Sara , Feng Gong , Kilb Edward , Lim Ming Y. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractHLH is a catastrophic and likely underdiagnosed pathology with multiple triggers including infection. PVB19 can cause persistent marrow infection leading to HLH despite negative acute serologic markers making timely diagnosis difficult. Increased awareness of PVB19‐HLH is warranted given its potentially lethal nature and the careful interpretation required with serologic markers.
Spontaneous resolution of untreated diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma of maxillary bone after incisional biopsy
Authors: Flatow‐Trujillo Lainey , Win Khine , Jencks Amy , Andritsos Leslie , Arana Yi Cecilia 
Published: September 2019

AbstractDiffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a heterogeneous group of lymphomas which require multiagent therapy for remission induction and are associated with relapse in more than 40% of patients. Spontaneous remission of diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a rare occurrence.
Spontaneous rupture of isolated splenic hydatid cyst without acute abdomen: A case report
Authors: Acharya Suman , Ghimire Bikal , Khanal Nischal 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIsolated splenic hydatid cyst is a very rare manifestation of hydatid cyst. Rarely, patients present late after the cyst is ruptured. They might not present with usual presentations such as the acute abdomen, anaphylaxis, or urticarial rashes but only with a distended abdomen. Splenectomy is the emergency operative management.
A folded‐blister pill pack causes ileal perforation
Authors: Otaka Yukihiro , Yukawa Naoko , Yoshida Yuichi , Tamura Jun'ichi , Tsutsui Takaaki 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIleal perforation by an accidental ingestion of a blister pill pack is rare. A detailed history of the present illness is the initial key to proceed appropriate investigations. Computed tomography is the gold standard for diagnosis of the disease.
Adult entero‐enteric intussusception secondary to lipoma
Authors: Hanafiah Mohammad , Abdul Aziz Mardiana , Rusli Siti Mayuha 
Published: September 2019

AbstractDiagnostic imaging methods are normally required to make the preoperative diagnosis of adult intussusception. Furthermore, it helps to define the location and nature of the associated mass as lead point if present. Lipoma may appear as lesion of fat attenuation expressed in Hounsfield unit on CT scan.
Directed Evolution of P450 Fatty Acid Decarboxylases via High‐Throughput Screening towards Improved Catalytic Activity
Authors: Xu Huifang , Liang Weinan , Ning Linlin , Jiang Yuanyuan , Yang Wenxia , Wang Cong , Qi Feifei , Ma Li , Du Lei , Fourage Laurent , Zhou Yongjin J. , Li Shengying 
Published: September 2019

AbstractP450 fatty acid decarboxylases (FADCs) have recently been attracting considerable attention owing to their one‐step direct production of industrially important 1‐alkenes from biologically abundant feedstock free fatty acids under mild conditions. However, attempts to improve the catalytic activity of FADCs have met with little success. Protein engineering has been limited to selected residues and small mutant libraries due to lack of an effective high‐throughput screening (HTS) method. Here, we devise a catalase‐deficient Escherichia coli host strain and report an HTS approach based on colorimetric detection of H2O2‐consumption activity of FADCs. Directed evolution enabled by this method has led to effective identification for the first time of improved FADC variants for medium‐chain 1‐alkene production from both DNA shuffling and random mutagenesis libraries. Advantageously, this screening method can be extended to other enzymes that stoichiometrically utilize H2O2 as co‐substrate.
Immobilization of γ‐Glutamyl Transpeptidase from Equine Kidney for the Synthesis of kokumi Compounds
Authors: Bruni Margherita , Robescu Marina S. , Ubiali Daniela , Marrubini Giorgio , Vanna Renzo , Morasso Carlo , Benucci Ilaria , Speranza Giovanna , Bavaro Teodora 
Published: September 2019

Abstractγ‐Glutamyl transpeptidase from equine kidney (ekGGT, E.C. 2.3.2.2) is an intrinsic membrane enzyme which transfers the γ‐glutamyl moiety of glutathione to amino acids and peptides, thus producing γ‐glutamyl derivatives. An immobilization study of ekGGT was carried out with the aim to develop a robust biocatalyst for the synthesis of γ‐glutamyl amino acids which are known as kokumi compounds. Heterofunctional octyl‐glyoxyl‐agarose resulted in a high immobilization yield and activity recovery (93 % and 88 %, respectively). Immobilized ekGGT retained more than 95 % activity under reaction conditions (Tris‐HCl, pH 9, 0.05 M) after 6 days, whereas the residual activity after 6 reaction cycles (18 days) was 85 %. The synthesis of γ‐glutamylmethionine catalyzed by octyl‐glyoxyl‐agarose‐ekGGT afforded the product in 42 % yield (101 mg). The immobilized ekGGT was characterized by Raman spectroscopy. The immobilization protocol developed for ekGGT could be of general applicability to membrane proteins.
MoP4 Nanoparticles as a Novel and Efficient Cocatalyst for Enhanced Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Liu Xing , Jiang Yanqiu , Li Yudong , Wang Zhe , Li Junzhuo , Huo Hang , Lin Kaifeng , Du Yunchen 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIn this work, MoP4 nanoparticles were in situ loaded onto CdS nanorods (CdS NRs) via vapor‐solid phase synthesis and the composite of MoP4/CdS proved to be active for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution under visible‐light irradiation, in which MoP4 nanoparticles can work as a novel and efficient cocatalyst. MoP4/CdS can achieve a much higher hydrogen evolution rate of 494.5 μmol h−1 than that of the pristine CdS NRs (22.6 times), and even higher than of the noble metal Pt (2.0 %) loaded on CdS NRs, indicating that MoP4 nanoparticles can replace noble metals as a potential cocatalyst with ultra‐high catalytic activity. Based on the structural and photoelectrical characterization results, the catalytic mechanism of MoP4/CdS was proposed. The enhanced photocatalytic activity of MoP4/CdS is attributed to the promoted charge separation, low hydrogen evolution over‐potential, a long average lifetime for photogenerated carriers and enhanced abilities to inhibit electron‐hole pair recombination. In the field, this work provides guidance for the design and preparation of novel and efficient cocatalyst of phosphide.
Highly Selective Fluorimetric Turn‐Off Detection of Copper(II) by Two Different Mechanisms in Calix[4]arene‐Based Chemosensors and Chemodosimeters
Authors: O'Sullivan Justine , Colleran John , Twamley Brendan , Heaney Frances 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIsoxazolo‐pyrene tethered calix[4]arenes selectively detect copper(II) ions without interference from related perchlorate ions. The fluorescence emission of the probes, synthesised by nitrile oxide alkyne cycloaddition, and characterised by spectroscopic and crystallographic data, is rapidly reduced by Cu(II) ions. Detection limits are in the micromolar or sub‐micromolar range (0.3–3.6 μM) based on a 1 : 1 sensor:analyte interaction. Voltammetric behaviour and 1H NMR data provide new insights into the sensing mechanism which is dependent on the calixarene substitution pattern. When the calixarene lower rim is fully substituted, Cu(II) detection occurs through a traditional chelation mechanism. In contrast, for calixarenes 1,3‐disubstituted on the lower rim, detection takes place through a chemodosimetric redox reaction. The isolation of a calix[4]diquinone from the reaction with excess Cu(ClO4)2 provides confirmation that the sensor–analyte interaction culminates in irreversible sensor oxidation.
Retracted: Dual targeting of RANKL and PD‐1 with a bispecific antibody improves anti‐tumor immunity
Authors: Dougall William C. , Roman Aguilera Amelia , Smyth Mark J. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractObjectivesThe addition of RANKL/RANK blockade to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) such as anti‐PD‐1/PD‐L1 and anti‐CTLA4 antibodies is associated with increased anti‐tumor immunity in mice. Recent retrospective clinical studies in patients with advanced melanoma and lung cancer suggest the addition of anti‐RANKL antibody to ICI increases the overall response rate relative to ICI treatment alone. Based on this rationale, we developed a novel bispecific antibody (BsAb) co‐targeting RANKL and PD‐1.MethodsWe characterized target binding and functional activity of the anti‐RANKL/PD‐1 BsAb in cell‐based assays. Anti‐tumor activity was confirmed in experimental lung metastasis models and in mice with established subcutaneously transplanted tumors.ResultsThe anti‐RANKL/PD‐1 BsAb retained binding to both RANKL and PD‐1 and blocked the interaction with respective counter‐structures RANK and PD‐L1. The inhibitory effect of anti‐RANKL/PD‐1 BsAb was confirmed by demonstrating a complete block of RANKL‐dependent osteoclast formation. Monotherapy activity of anti‐RANKL/PD‐1 BsAb was observed in anti‐PD‐1 resistant tumors and, when combined with anti‐CTLA‐4 mAb, increased anti‐tumor responses. An equivalent or superior anti‐tumor response was observed with the anti‐RANKL/PD‐1 BsAb compared with the combination of parental anti‐RANKL plus anti‐PD‐1 antibodies depending upon the tumor model.DiscussionMechanistically, the anti‐tumor activity of anti‐RANKL/PD‐1 BsAb required CD8+T cells, host PD‐1 and IFNγ. Targeting RANKL and PD‐1 simultaneously within the tumor microenvironment (TME) improved anti‐tumor efficacy compared with combination of two separate mAbs.ConclusionIn summary, the bispecific anti‐RANKL/PD‐1 antibody demonstrates potent tumor growth inhibition in settings of ICI resistance and represents a novel modality for clinical development in advanced cancer.