bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of risedronate in improving bone mineral density in patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Su Jing , Wei Yi , Li Xiao Ming , Diao Yan-Ping , Liu Huai-Gang , Zhang Liang 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Background:
Risedronate is widely used in the therapy of osteoporosis and other metabolic bone diseases. This meta-analysis was aimed to assess whether administration risedronate could increase the bone mineral density (BMD) in patients undergoing primary total hip arthroplasty (THA).

Methods:
Electronic databases: PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Chinese Wanfang database were searched for all relevant studies. Inclusion criterion was that patients prepared for THA and use risedronate as intervention group and placebo as control group. BMD change in Gruen zone 1 and 7 were primary outcomes. Meta-analysis was performed using Stata 12.0 software.

Results:
Six RCTs were finally included in this meta-analysis. Compared with control group, risedronate has a beneficial role in increasing BMD in Gruzen 1, 2 6, and 7 at 3 months (P < .05). Oral risedronate has a beneficial role in preservation of BMD in all of the Gruen zones at 6 and 12 months (P < .05). Moreover, oral risedronate could significantly increase the Harris hip scores and bone alkaline phosphatase than control group (P < .05).

Conclusion:
Oral risedronate has an effect on the preservation of periprosthetic BMD in proximal regions (Gruen zone 1, 2, 3, and 7) at 3 months and all of the regions at 6 and 12 months after THA.
Transurethral procedures in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia
Authors: Sun Feng , Sun Xincheng , Shi Qinglu , Zhai Yuzhang 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Background:
With the progress of surgical techniques and instruments, various minimally invasive surgical therapies were developed to treat benign prostatic hyperplasisa (BPH). However, the efficacy and safety of different transurethral procedures for the treatment of BPH are still undefined.

Method:
A systematic search was performed for all randomized controlled trials (RCTs), which compared the transurethral procedures for BPH from 1995 to 2016. The clinical baseline characteristics, International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), quality of life (QoL), postvoid residual (PVR), maximum flow rate (Qmax), short-term and long-term complications were analyzed using RevMan and ADDIS software.

Result:
Eighty-eight randomly controlled trials and fifteen procedures were included in the network meta-analysis. HoLEP greatly inproved PVR. TmLRP had the best efficacy in improving QoL score. Diode laser vaporization of prostate was superior in improving IPSS and Qmax. Diode laser through vaporization required the shortest time in catheterization, while Nd:YAG was the longest procedure. For the hospitalization time, TUR was the longest and HoLEP was the shortest. TmLRP was related to the lowest postoperative hemoglobin decrease. TmLEP had the least rates of occurrence of hematuria, reoperation and erectile dysfunction. HoLEP was the best choice to reduce the incidence of recatheterization, urinary retention, urinary tract infection, stress urinary incontinence and retrograde ejaculation. The complications such as blood transfusion, urethral stricture, bladder neck contracture were relatively rare in the patients who underwent diode laser vaporization of prostate.

Conclusion:
Compared with other transurethral procedures, thulium, holmium and diode lasers were associated with better efficacy and fewer complications.
A case report of left atrial myxoma-induced acute myocardial infarction and successive stroke
Authors: Wang Qiushuang , Yang Feifei , Zhu Fei , Yao Cunshan 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Rationale:
Left atrial myxoma is a common primary cardiac tumor, however, due to poor image quality or atypical myxoma images, it is often misdiagnosed by echocardiograph. A case of left atrial myxoma being misdiagnosed as a thrombus, which successively caused acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and stroke, is very rare. Contrast-enhanced echocardiography can play an important role in definitive diagnosis.

Patient concerns:
A 44-year-old woman was diagnosed AMI because of chest pain with no significant stenosis in the coronary arteries. One month later, the patient was suddenly found unconscious, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed acute multiple cerebral infarctions in the left cerebral hemisphere.

Diagnoses:
Left atrial myxoma, acute myocardial infarction, and stroke.

Interventions:
The patient was given a cardiac surgery for tumor resection, the mass was surgically removed and histopathologic findings showed myxoma.

Outcomes:
After several weeks of rehabilitation, the patient was able to resume daily activities without chest discomfort or dyspnea. One year later, echocardiography showed no recurrence of left atrial myxoma. The patient generally was in good condition.

Lessons:
Although myxoma is mostly benign, this patient occurred AMI and stroke because of misdiagnosis. Comprehensive assessments should be performed with multiple imaging methods for cardiac masses. If necessary, contrast-enhanced echocardiography should be used to clarify, so as not to delay the timing of surgery and bring potential risk of death to patients.
Hemolytic jaundice induced by pharmacological dose ascorbic acid in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency
Authors: Wu Shuxie , Wu Gao , Wu Hanbin 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Rationale:
Hemolysis induced by high dose ascorbic acid (AA) in patients with G6PD deficiency has been reported, but is rare. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of a male with G6PD deficiency, coexpressed with cholecystolithiasis and cholecystitis, who developed extreme hemolysis and hyperbilirubinemia after receiving pharmacological doses ascorbic acid infusion.

Patient concerns:
A 27-year-old man history with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency was admitted to our hospital because of cholecystolithiasis and cholecystitis. He appeared with scleral jaundice and very deep colored urine after receiving pharmacological doses ascorbic acid infusion.

Diagnoses:
Clinical findings when combined with his medical history and various laboratory results confirmed the diagnosis as hemolysis and hyperbilirubinemia induced by ascorbic acid.

Interventions:
The patient was treated with steroids, hepatoprotective drugs, and folic acid in addition avoidance of agents with known hemolysis risk (such as vitamin C).

Outcomes:
As a result, the patient's symptoms from hemolytic jaundice improved, hemoglobin remained stable, and the patient was discharged 11 days later.

Lessons:
Clinicians should bear in mind the possibility that vitamin C exposure may result in hemolysis in patients with G6PD deficiency, especially in those with known severe disease.
Tea consumption is associated with decreased risk of oral cancer
Authors: Zhou Hao , Wu Weiwei , Wang Fengqin , Qi Huizhong , Cheng Zhigang 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
The associations of tea consumption with risk of oral cancer remain not clear. The present meta-analysis aims to clarify the real relationship between tea intake and the risk of oral cancer and quantifies the potential dose-response relationship between them.
A Web search was performed within Pubmed, Embase, and Web of Science databases to identify potential studies that evaluated the relationship between tea consumption and the risk of oral cancer on Mar 21th, 2018 without language restriction. The pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were extracted and combined to evaluate the strength of associations. Dose-response analysis was performed to quantitate the relationship between tea intake and risk of oral cancer.
Total 14 articles were included in the final analysis. The pooled OR for evaluating the risk of oral cancer and tea intake was 0.700 (95% CI = 0.609–0.805, P <.001). The linearity model of dose-response analysis indicated that with increased 1 cup daily, the risk of oral cancer decreased by 6.2% degree (OR = 0.938, 95% CI = 0.922–0.955, P <.001). Subgroup analysis indicated an inverse association between tea intake and the risk of oral cancer except subgroup analysis of black tea and American people.
These results suggest tea intake provides protection against oral cancer carcinogenesis. Additionally, more large-scale pooling and high-quality studies are necessary for detecting the precise relationship between tea intake and oral cancer risk in the future.
Primary iliopsoas abscess combined with rapid development of septic shock
Authors: Deng Yingying , Zhang Yanlong , Song Lianxin , Zhang Xuebin , Shen Zheyuan , Li Zhengqiang , Zhang Lichuang , Peng Aqin 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Rationale:
Primary iliopsoas abscess (IPA), an uncommon clinical entity, often has no specific clinical features, and advanced imaging techniques are often required for diagnosis.

Patient Concerns:
We successfully treated 3 patients with primary IPA complicated by rapid development of septic shock within 2 months.

Diagnosis:
All patients were in shock at the time of admission and were diagnosed with primary IPA by history, clinical examination and imaging findings.

Interventions:
All patients were treated by surgical drainage and sensitive antibiotics based on culture results.

Outcomes:
The patients eventually recovered and were discharged within 2 months.

Lessons:
An IPA may not be diagnosed in a timely manner because it has no specific symptoms or signs. Therefore, special attention must be given to patients with sudden onset of abdominal pain, hip pain, or high fever without an obvious cause, a primary IPA should be highly suspected in such patients.
An unusual case of intraosseous mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the mandible
Authors: Li Xiang , Wang Feng , Wang Yufan , Sun Shuai , Yang Hongyu 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Rationale:
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) is the most common primary salivary gland malignancy. Ectopic MEC can occur in any part of the body, however, only 2% to 4% of MEC could be detected in the jaw, which is named intraosseous mucoepidermoid carcinoma (IMC). IMC is usually a low-grade carcinoma. Uni- or multilocular radiographic lesions should be differential diagnosed with ameloblastoma, odontogenic cysts, and glandular odontogenic cyst (GOC). Radical surgery may prefer for a favorable prognosis. Whereas IMC can recur long after the operation, a long-term follow-up system should be implemented. Owing to its rarity and controversial issues, we report a case report and review the literature to discuss its clinical features, treatments, radiological, and histological characteristics.

Patient concerns:
The patient presented with a 2-month history of mild pain in the lower left posterior jaw without history of surgery or trauma to the mandible.

Diagnoses:
Routine postoperative pathology showed that the mass was consistent with a mandibular mucoepidermoid carcinoma.

Intervention:
Radical surgery and digital mandibular reconstruction were performed.

Outcome:
Postoperative imaging showed that the height of the mandible and the symmetry of the mandible were satisfactory. The patient was also satisfied with her appearance. Follow-up has been established.

Lessons:
Effective surgical treatment allows patients to have a favorable prognosis. A long-term follow-up system should be practiced, because local recurrences and regional metastasis could happen even after decades.
The changes and prognostic value of liver function in young adults with severe burn
Authors: Gong Yan , Long Xianming , Xu Hua , Yang Xinjing , Guo Qiang 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
To analyze the changes in liver functions and the relationship between alterations in liver function and mortality risk in young adults with third-degree burn wounds on over 90% of the total body surface area (TBSA).
A total of 23 fatally burned factory workers in an inflammable dust explosion and fire were enrolled from 2 intensive care units. Clinical data, particularly the laboratory tests for liver function, were retrospectively analyzed and compared between the survivor and non-survivor groups.
Compared to survivors, non-survivors had significantly higher total bilirubin (TBIL), glutamate-pyruvate transaminase (GPT), glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, prothrombin time, and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) at the terminal point of this study (P <.05). In addition, the peak values of TBIL, GPT, and longer APTT were higher in non-survivors than in survivors during hospital course, and the peak values of TBIL was one of major prognostic factors for mortality risk. Furthermore, at the first 2 weeks, the cumulative survival rates were significantly lower in patients with liver dysfunction than those without liver dysfunction (P <.01).
Our findings show that the great changes in liver function occurred in first 2 weeks after severe burns. Liver dysfunction may have an effect on clinical outcomes of post-burn. Measures to protect liver function and prevent from deterioration could be beneficial in improvement survival rate, especially during the first 2 weeks.
Delayed recovery of pediatric sudden sensorineural hearing loss treated with acupuncture
Authors: Kim Min Hee , Kim Bong Hyun , Kang Minseo , Choi Inhwa 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Rationale:
The rate of spontaneous recovery of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) has been reported to be as high as 32% to 65%. Although the majority of spontaneous recoveries occur within 2 weeks, treatment of refractory SSNHL failing conventional therapy is difficult. In particular, it is more difficult to treat children—who have a worse prognosis than adults—with SSNHL refractory to conventional therapy. No studies reported delayed recovery of pediatric SSNHL later than 3 months after onset, or delayed recovery treated with acupuncture.

Patient concerns:
A 15-year-old girl experienced hearing loss after acquiring a cold.

Diagnosis:
She did not undergo audiometry and only took medicine for a common cold after diagnosis by an internal medicine doctor. Ninety-three days after onset, she visited an otorhinolaryngology clinic and was diagnosed with SSNHL. Seven rounds of intratympanic steroid (ITS) treatment were performed 93 to 135 days after onset; audiogram at 149 days did not demonstrate improvement.

Interventions:
Two-hundred sixty-six days after onset, she visited to TKM hospital and was admitted for 21 days and received outpatient treatment for 1 month after discharge. She was treated acupuncture, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, and moxibustion.

Outcomes:
She experienced improvement in experienced improvement in pure tone average, speech recognition threshold, and word recognition scores after acupuncture treatment. Delayed ITS treatment at 93 to 135 days after onset did not improve the patient's hearing loss. However, slight recovery was achieved at the conclusion of treatment. Lessons: Acupuncture may be a therapeutic option for individuals who do not experience improvement after the use of steroids or miss early treatment.
Giant sacrococcygeal chordoma
Authors: Xu Qiang , Gu Houyun , Liu Xuqiang , Liu Hucheng , Zhou Yibiao , Chen Guiping , Dai Min , Zhang Bin 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Rationale:
Chordoma is a relatively rare tumor that accounts for 1% to 4% of all malignant bone tumors, with an annual incidence of <0.1 per 100,000 people. Although chordoma is aligned with the axis of the spine and most commonly develops in the sacrum, to the best of our knowledge, giant sacrococcygeal chordoma is extremely rare.

Patient concerns:
A 61-year-old Chinese man presented with a massive dorsal sacral mass. The patient's primary complaint was that, during the last two months, the mass had been increasing in size and his right lower extremity was uncomfortable while he was sitting, although the discomfort was relieved when he was standing.

Diagnoses:
Based on the imaging findings, we suspected that the sacrococcygeal mass was a chordoma, and a postoperative pathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of a sacral chordoma.

Intervention:
The patient underwent extensive open surgery to achieve complete resection of the sacrococcygeal mass. An occlusion balloon catheter was used in the abdominal aorta to minimize intraoperative bleeding and maintain a clear surgical field.

Outcomes:
The patient was discharged without complications at 27 days after surgery. The 3-month follow-up revealed that the patient had recovered well, the discomfort in his right lower extremity while standing had completely resolved and that there was no evidence of recurrence.

Lessons:
The development of chordoma is not associated with clear symptoms, although early diagnosis and treatment are needed to prevent invasion of the nearby tissues and organs. Therefore, we believe that surgical treatment of sacral chordoma is effective, although care must be taken to completely remove all residual tumor tissue and reduce the risk of recurrence. Besides, This report adds to our limited understanding of the rare giant sacrococcygeal chordoma.
Case report of a novel PCDH19 frameshift mutation in a girl with epilepsy and mental retardation limited to females
Authors: Zhang Xinying , Chen Na , Ma Aihua , Wang Xueyu , Sun Wenxiu , Gao Yuxing 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Rationale:
Epilepsy with mental retardation limited to females (EFMR) is a rare type of X-linked epilepsy disorder, affecting heterozygous females disproportionately. The pathogenesis of EFMR has been identified as mutations in the protocadherin 19 (PCDH19) gene. To data, more than 60 different mutations in PCDH19 have been identified. Most of them are located at exon 1, but we describe a novel deletion mutation c.2468delT at exon 3 of PCDH19.

Patient concerns:
The patient was an 11-year-old girl with onset of seizures at the age of 18 months and followed by progressive intellectual disability (ID) later.

Diagnosis:
The girl was diagnosed as EFMR when a novel deletion mutation c.2468delT at exon 3 of PCDH19 was found. The deletion mutation c.2468delT was predicted to have caused a frameshift mutation of amino acid at position 823 (p.L823fs). There was no family history of seizures or ID. Her father was asymptomatic, but the mutation screening shows that he had a hemizygous mutation c.2468delT at the same site of PCDH19. The secondary structure of PCDH19 (wide type) showed that the sequences undergoing frameshift mutations were located in the cytoplasm and contain 9 phosphorylation sites. The p.L823fs mutation caused a totally different amino sequence after position of 823, thereby resulting in the disappearance of phosphorylation sites. The frameshift mutation of amino acid at position 823 might affect its binding capability with GABAA receptor and results in migration and morphological maturation of hippocampal neurons.

Interventions:
The patient has received antiepileptic treatments, including sodium valproate, carbamazepine, levetiracetam, topiramate and clonazepam et al.

Outcomes:
The antiepileptic treatment effects were limited.

Lessons:
This case report describes a novel PCDH19 gene mutation (c.2468delT) at exon 3 in a girl suffering from EFMR. The deletion mutation was predicted to cause a frameshift mutation-p.L823fs, which is highly conserved across different species.
The clinical effects of probiotics for inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Jia Kai , Tong Xin , Wang Rong , Song Xin 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Background:
As the exact pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is not known, there is increasing evidence of clinical trials and animal models that indicate the beneficial effects of probiotics.

Methods:
Multiple databases were adopted to search for the relevant studies involving the comparison between probiotics and control groups. Review Manager 5.0 was used to assess the efficacy among included articles. Risk of bias for the articles included was also conducted.

Results:
Finally, 10 studies eventually met the inclusion criteria and 1049 patients were included. The meta-analyses showed that no significant differences of remission, relapse, and complication rate between Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 and mesalazine groups (RR = 0.94, 95%CI [0.86, 1.03], P = .21; RR = 1.04, 95%CI [0.82, 1.31], P = .77; RR = 1.12, 95%CI [0.86, 1.47], P = .39, respectively). Despite the fact that no significant differences of remission, relapse, and complication rate were observed in overall meta-analysis results between probiotics and placebo group, the subgroup analyses suggested that VSL#3 presented a higher remission rate and lower relapse rate (RR = 1.67, 95%CI [1.06, 2.63], P = .03; RR = 0.29, 95%CI [0.10, 0.83], P = .02, respectively).

Conclusion:
Some types of probiotics, such as E coli Nissle 1917 and VSL#3, could be used as alternative therapy for patients with IBD.
Evaluation of the effectiveness and safety of a daily dose of 5 mg of tadalafil, over an 8-week period, for improving quality of life among Korean men with andropause symptoms, including erectile dysfunction
Authors: Lee Joong Gyo , Kim Byung Duk , Han Chang Hee , Lee Kang Kon , Yum Keun Sang 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackground:The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a once-a-day 5 mg dose of tadalafil, prescribed for 8 weeks, on the quality of life (QoL) of South Korean men with andropause symptoms, including erectile dysfunction (ED), using a single group, open-labeled, before-and-after preliminary trial. The secondary objective was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of tadalafil for ED.Methods:Forty South Korean men (>35 years of age) with andropause symptoms including ED were enrolled into our trial. Andropause syndrome was defined using the androgen deficiency in aging males (ADAM) questionnaire and other screening tests, including testosterone levels. The following outcome measures were obtained at baseline and at 4 and 8 weeks of tadalafil treatment: physical examination, adverse effects, Short Form 12 Health Survey (SF-12) score, International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) score, bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), and free radical testing.Results:Treatment increased the SF-12 Mental component score, used as a proxy measure of quality of life, from baseline to at 4 and 8 weeks (P < .05). In addition, the mean IIEF-5 score, which assesses sexual function, increased from baseline at 4 and 8 weeks (P < .05), with this increase being significant at both time points. No adverse effects were noted.Conclusion:Tadalafil (5 mg dose, once daily) is a safe and effective treatment to improve ED, and overall QoL, among Korean men with andropause symptoms, including ED.