bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conclusion
Authors: Wartenberg Thomas E. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This concluding chapter is a summary that emphasizes the structure of the book as a whole and the conclusions it reaches about illustrations of philosophy. It starts by discussing the four-fold distinction among illustrations of philosophy presented in the book: text-based, concept-based, theory-based, and quotation-based illustrations. Two different strategies for illustrating philosophy are enumerated: personifying an abstract theory and providing an analogical illustration of it. In both cases, examples from the book are mentioned. Illustrations of philosophy can have two different uses and these are also discussed: pedagogy and artistic. Finally, a variety of different factors explaining the evolution of illustrations of philosophy are cited: technological developments, ideology, developments within the field of philosophy, and broader cultural developments. All of these have been factors influencing how illustrations of philosophy have been created. The book concludes with a discussion of the importance of studying this neglected artistic tradition.
Confidentiality (with Jan Willer and Jeffrey Barnett)
Authors: Willer Jan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This chapter opens by describing legal issues related to confidentiality in psychotherapy. Limits to confidentiality are discussed, as well as the psychotherapist’s responsibilities to maintain confidentiality. The reader is encouraged to gain knowledge of their particular state’s laws, with particular attention to mandated reporting. The HIPAA Privacy Rule is introduced, as well as the concept of protected health information (PHI). The legal limits to confidentiality are introduced, with attention to suicidal ideation with intent, child abuse, elder abuse, violent ideation with intent, and others. How to effectively and confidentially use case material in coursework, lectures, writings, and other media is discussed. Emerging challenges to confidentiality are addressed.
Professional Phone Contacts and the Initial Phone Call
Authors: Willer Jan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This chapter leads the beginning psychotherapist through the steps of making an initial contact with a psychotherapy client over the phone. Personal and professional phone greetings are discussed with examples of dos and don’ts. The process of making an initial contact with a client is reviewed, including how to manage clients who are difficult to reach, and those who leave a phone number that is shared. What to discuss and how to manage the initial phone call is reviewed, as well as how to end it tactfully in a timely manner. The reader is counseled on the importance of keeping their personal phone number secure.
Effective Documentation
Authors: Willer Jan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This chapter discusses the process of producing effective clinical documentation that aligns with professional standards of care. Both electronic and paper progress notes and charting are discussed. A suggested format for progress notes is provided: SOAP (subjective, objective, assessment, plan) notes. The important of documenting a complete record of treatment is discussed, including the full story of attendance and treatment, the clinical management of treatment-interfering behaviors, safety and risk issues, hostile or threatening behavior, inappropriate client statements and behavior, and the psychotherapist’s interventions and recommendations. The client’s legal right to read the progress notes is discussed. Managing obtaining prior documentation and releasing records is discussed. Also, what is referred to by HIPAA (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996) as “psychotherapy notes” is defined and discussed. Treatment plans are discussed.
Psychotropic Medication: Referrals and Adherence
Authors: Willer Jan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This chapter presents basic information about psychotropic medications for the beginning psychotherapist and discusses their role in the referral process. The benefits of medications added to psychotherapy are discussed. The reader is oriented to which mental health professionals are available to prescribed psychotropic medications. Also discussed are myths about psychotropic medication, the influence of genetics and biology on mental illness, working effectively with prescribers, and understanding medication adherence. The reader is advised to seek a medication consultation when certain symptoms are present. Effective communication with the psychotherapist’s clients’ prescribers is emphasized. The roles of stigma and side effects are discussed relative to medication adherence.
Telling Then and Now
Authors: Smalls Krystal A. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Chapter 3 provides historical context for diasporic tellings by young Liberians in this moment. It begins with a few short ethnographic encounters with young Liberians and their discourses about what it means to be Liberian. From hip hop culture to fashion, their multimodal comments (a hip hop video shoot, a diatribe on authenticity, and a t-shirt) guide us toward critical reflection on the history of national and diasporic belonging. In particular, they guide the chapter’s reflection on the meaning of “colonial” in the Liberian context, especially when deployed by a complexly positioned outsider like the author. Their discourses also inform a historical review of a fraught African Colonization Movement and of some of the discursive structures that helped engender Liberian nationhood and personhood in its early years. As a “history of the present,” the chapter concludes with a brief reflection on the current relationship between Liberians (in Liberia and abroad) and African Americans.
The Loom of Loss
Authors: Smalls Krystal A. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Chapter 4 proffers “telling” as narrative retheorized through Black life and death. By listening closely to and then amplifying some of Victoria’s quiet dirges, much of the chapter is spent examining the losses that structure Blackness and the practices that make up Black slow life. Following the work of C. Riley Snorton, Hortense Spillers, and Saidiya Hartman, this section ruminates on grammatical and theoretical transitivity to consider the potential meaning of telling Black loss. In particular, it takes up telling as fully transitive—in the sense that it takes an object (a thing told) and an indirect object (an entity that is told to)—to help us make out some of the ways in which Black Diaspora emerges as an intersubjective field of being and meaning wherein Black pain is remarkable and grievable. All said, the chapter asks what we might bear witness to when we consider Black ways of transmitting selves and stories not as narrative, or even as counter-narrative, but as something best captured, or set free, by the transitive act of telling.
Sense and Sensibility Ways of Relating and Black Diasporic Languaging
Authors: Smalls Krystal A. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Chapter 5 centers the affective, aesthetic, and embodied dimensions of “Black language” and considers how racialized “ways of relating” transcend verbal language to create diasporic legibility, familiarity, and even intimacy across difference. The ethnographic examples from a Philadelphia suburb, a Monrovia neighborhood, and a Charleston college campus gesture to a global Black esotericism and aesthetic that provide protection and pleasure and help constitute Black relationalities, space, and place. To further flesh out understandings of Black languaging and some of the more thorny intersubjective realities they have engendered, the chapter then presents Liberia’s complex linguistic landscape and examines antiblack epistemes through a constellation of raciolinguistic, discursive objects in Liberia and the United States.
Sounding Off
Authors: Smalls Krystal A. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Chapter 6 returns us to Adima and her classmates (from the Introduction) to tune into their sonic productions as they embodied the joys of refusal and disregard in ways that transcend verbal language. Drawing from a hefty load of Black feminist and other theory, the author considers their soundings as place-making movement that relocates their bodies, others’ bodies, and the space they all share into Black Diaspora, even if just for a moment. One section of this raciosemiotic analysis entails a line-by-line semiotic discourse analysis to show the ways two young women rewrote their Black, African, feminine bodies against dominant indexical scripts. The chapter closes by situating their semiotic practices of gendered Black being in a long and winding history of signifying, a recent practice of stunting, and other layered modes of telling Blackness.
Conclusion
Authors: Smalls Krystal A. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The text concludes with a multilayered reflection that begins with a short meditation on the stakes of living and studying Black life. The author then reflects on some synchronic tellings against our overexposure, circumscription, and disposability that have emerged in recent moments (“Can I live?” “Black lives matter.” “Say her name.”). After itemizing Telling Blackness’s primary contributions, the section concludes with a musing over the potentialities of Blackness and Black study, as learned from the 15-year ethnographic voyage told in this text and from the author’s own life.
Faulty Mind-Reading
Authors: Kerr Natalie , Kurtz Jaime 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Research shows that we have miscalibrated expectations about reaching out and connecting with others. We tend to underestimate how much we’ll enjoy it and how much others will appreciate it. This can cause us to miss out on many simple opportunities for connection in our everyday lives, including talking to strangers, giving compliments, expressing gratitude, and offering social support. More broadly, there is a persistent “liking gap,” where we tend to underestimate just how much others like us and enjoy our company. This chapter explains some of the reasons for this “social miscalibration” and offers tips to better align ourselves with the minds of others.
Liking, Demystified
Authors: Kerr Natalie , Kurtz Jaime 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
What determines whether you click with a new friend, or have chemistry with a potential romantic partner? You might think that these processes are mysterious, or are determined by a person’s unique attributes (a quick wit, for example). However, research in social psychology and related fields suggests that liking and loving are often triggered by simple, mundane factors. For example, people like those that they cross paths with often (the mere exposure effect) and with whom they share common interests. People who exude positivity and pay attention are also more likeable. People also just enjoy feeling liked and listened to. This chapter reviews these often-underappreciated factors and suggests ways in which readers might capitalize on them to begin to form authentic social connections.
Introduction to Epidemiologic Thinking
Authors: Rothman Kenneth J. , Huybrechts Krista F. , Murray Eleanor J. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This chapter introduces the reader to epidemiology, showing why epidemiologic thinking is needed to elucidate the disease burden in a population and the causal connections that are responsible for that disease burden. Common sense is often thought to suffice to reveal the causes of disease. Nevertheless, common sense needs to be refined to avoid basic conundrums, such as why death rates in Sweden appear greater than death rates in Panama, why women in a British town who were smokers had a lower risk of death than those who were nonsmokers, and why it is incorrect to attribute the long life of orchestra conductors to their choice of profession.
What Is Causation?
Authors: Rothman Kenneth J. , Huybrechts Krista F. , Murray Eleanor J. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Although everyone understands the concept of cause and effect, it is largely self-taught and based on obvious causal connections, such as a light switch controlling a light. This chapter describes a model that diagrams a causal mechanism as a pie, in which each piece of the pie is a necessary causal component in the causal mechanism. These components interact with other components to produce disease. But how might one infer that a given factor is a cause of a disease? Philosophers of science have shown that statements about the natural world cannot be proven logically like mathematical theorems. Although checklists exist for making causal inferences, these also do not have the force of logic. Understanding nature is largely a matter of trial and error, or more specifically a process of conjecture and refutation, in which theories are tested and discarded if and when they are shown to be incorrect.
Stratified Analysis
Authors: Rothman Kenneth J. , Huybrechts Krista F. , Murray Eleanor J. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Stratification involves cross-tabulating exposure and disease data within categories of another variable or a set of variables. It is a fundamental tool for exploring and analyzing epidemiologic data, accomplishing several important goals. First, by examining the relation between exposure and disease within categories of a potential confounder, it is an effective method to control confounding. Second, it demonstrates how the relationship between an exposure and disease depends on some third variable, a phenomenon called effect-measure modification. Third, stratification reveals the distribution of key study variables, serving as a check on data validity and helping to avoid data processing errors. This chapter focuses on the use of stratification to control confounding, using either of two approaches, pooling or standardization. Whenever possible it is recommended that stratification be the initial approach to data analysis, in preference to regression modeling, helping the investigators to become familiar with the distributions of key study variables.
Using Regression Models in Epidemiologic Analysis
Authors: Rothman Kenneth J. , Huybrechts Krista F. , Murray Eleanor J. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Stratification should be the primary approach to data analysis, and in many situations it is sufficient. When the number of confounders to control exceeds more than one or two, however, stratification can become inefficient. Regression modeling can provide simultaneous control of many more variables than stratification can manage, at the price of some assumptions about the data. Many regression models are variations of the general linear model, which models an outcome variable, the dependent variable, as a function of one or more independent variables. Modeling various epidemiologic measures may warrant modifying the model by transforming the outcome variable to meet mathematical constraints. As a result, there are a variety of regression models that are used in epidemiologic analysis. This chapter discusses models intended to be used for predicting outcomes, versus those intended to be used to infer causal effects. It also mentions some cautions about modeling, such as overfitting and having the form of the model determine the shape of a dose-response relation.
Field Epidemiology
Authors: Rothman Kenneth J. , Huybrechts Krista F. , Murray Eleanor J. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Field epidemiology is the application of epidemiologic methods and tools to the assessment, treatment, and prevention of disease in community settings. It is often conducted by government or nonprofit organizations. The applied nature of this work involves the use of special methods. This chapter describes several key components of field epidemiology, including surveillance, field epidemiology study designs, and outbreak investigations and control. Sources of bias that are particularly relevant for field epidemiology are discussed, along with causal effects in community settings. Outbreak investigations do not always result in identification of an infectious cause, and several noncausal reasons why a cluster of cases may arise are described. The chapter concludes by demonstrating how the reproductive number can be used to benchmark the level of effort needed to control an infectious disease outbreak when a vaccine is available.
The Power of Innovation in Organizational and Social Change
Authors: Araque Juan Carlos , Weiss Eugenia L. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Chapter 2, “The Power of Innovation in Organizational and Social Change,” highlights innovation as a necessary and powerful tool to improve programs and services in the health and human service fields. This chapter also recognizes that innovative strategies must follow ethical standards when working with clients. Innovative leaders become social architects open to organizational and social innovations, providing guidelines, fostering creativity, and building new systems for social change. The latest innovations in health and human services are described, including new technologies, the use of big data, patient-guided interventions, and the proper use of social media.
Key Leadership Styles for Social Change and Innovation
Authors: Araque Juan Carlos , Weiss Eugenia L. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Chapter 3, “Key Leadership Styles for Social Change and Innovation,” describes and analyzes a handful of powerful leadership styles associated with social change causes and initiatives. The leadership literature is somewhat diffused, dating back more than 100 years. Unfortunately, there is no agreement among scholars and practitioners as to what the best leadership style is. Hundreds of leadership theories, approaches, and models have been created or developed to discover the appropriate attributes leaders have or should have to affect social change successfully. Therefore, we will concentrate on what we consider to be the most successful leadership styles for health and human service delivery: the tenets, potential benefits, and critical elements.
Cultural Proficiency and Diversity Considerations in the Workplace
Authors: Araque Juan Carlos , Weiss Eugenia L. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Chapter 9, “Cultural Proficiency and Diversity Considerations in the Workplace,” demonstrates methods and approaches that innovative leaders can use to promote individuals and organizations to be accountable in advancing equity through personal and institutional practices. This chapter introduces the reader to the Cultural Proficiency Continuum as a tool for social architects to identify attitudes and behaviors in themselves and others to reduce discriminatory practices and promote workplace diversity. Cultural humility and the facets of intersectionality (i.e., multiple and interrelated identities) are discussed, including convergence issues with race, gender, disabilities, and sexual orientation. Additionally, leadership models aligned with diversity considerations and social equity are reviewed, demonstrating how organizational policies and practices can foster equitable working conditions for all.
Leadership and Crisis Response
Authors: Araque Juan Carlos , Weiss Eugenia L. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Chapter 15, “Leadership and Crisis Response,” contains the latest emergency procedures and practices leaders and crisis teams can apply during crisis management, such as responding to the COVID-19 pandemic, mass shootings, extreme weather patterns, and other crises. Unfortunately, the number of human-made (e.g., terrorism and shootings) or natural disasters (e.g., wildfires, earthquakes, pandemics, and violent storms) has significantly increased, and we need to be more vigilant and better prepared to deal with crises. Essential emergency resources, response models, and organizations are highlighted, including the standardized emergency management system, incident command center, food and shelter emergency funding boards, and American Red Cross products and services. Crisis response operations are constantly practiced and assessed so that first responders have the tools to identify potential events or circumstances that could significantly improve their performance and save lives.
Conclusion
Authors: Martelli Francesca K. A. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Who exactly read Cicero’s letters after his death, and how did their identities determine the collection of Epistulae ad Familiares that took shape? In this Conclusion, we revisit what is known and unknown about the readerships of Cicero’s letters and consider how the narrative interests that this letter collection serves in its sixteen-book format can be used to supplement this information. We also revisit the question of why these documents from the late Republic would have retained a currency in the imperial and late antique periods in which they continued to circulate, and we draw on Derrida’s concept (or puncept) of hauntology to describe the effect of their ongoing circulation in these later periods.
Patterns That Remain Among Asian Americans
Authors: Arañez Litam Stacey Diane 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This chapter highlights several cultural scripts commonly shared by Asian Americans and children of Asian immigrants. These include “Work twice as hard to get half as far,” “Just be grateful for the opportunity,” “We don’t talk about feelings in this family,” Don’t rock the boat or stand out,” and “Nako! You have become too American!” Each cultural script features stories and quotes from various Asian American community members and thought leaders. Next, the importance of healing from historical patterns of silence and diasporic wounds is outlined. Finally, helpful suggestions for contextualizing our parents’ and ancestors’ experiences to cultivate empathy and a greater understanding is provided.
Insecure Attachment Styles Among Asian Americans
Authors: Arañez Litam Stacey Diane 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The chapter explores how traditional Asian cultural values and societal messages may combine in ways that contribute to covert and overt messages that are passed down through generations. Examples of insecure adult attachment styles are provided, along with excerpts from interviews with Asian American community members and thought leaders. Specifically, readers will learn more about three types of insecure attachment styles—avoidant, anxious, and disorganized—and will learn how they can identify their own attachment style. Finally, the author provides a discussion of the ways in which insecure attachment styles can have negative impacts on relationships, communication patterns, and overall well-being.
Becoming Balanced People
Authors: Arañez Litam Stacey Diane 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Following an excerpt from the author’s childhood, this chapter examines how cultural scripts that drive productivity have negative impacts on our well-being. These notions uniquely intersect with ideas of colorism and other forms of internalized oppression. The ways in which internalized shame scripts, insecure attachment styles, and cultural values uniquely combine to create barriers to work–life balance are described. Specific cultural scripts of shame and unhelpful patterns such as focusing on output until we burn out, giving to others at the expense of ourselves, and silencing our voices to avoid conflict are explored and emphasized through interview excerpts. Ways to engage in self-nourishment, abundance, and balance and learn to embrace our Asian American identity are suggested.
A Child-Sized Book
Authors: Nel Philip 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This chapter places Harold and the Purple Crayon in the history of miniature books for young readers. Crockett Johnson considered his audience and designed the book’s proportions to match children's proportions. The chapter then provides an overview of the long history of miniature books for children, from English publishers’ Thumb Bibles and authors’ small books to miniature libraries for children—which date to at least 1800, when English publisher John Marshall created The Infant’s Library. The chapter also discusses Johnson’s plans for miniature libraries in the early 1950s that highlighted his creativity and belief in good books for young people.