bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identifying Causes of Vaginal Discharge: The Role of Gynecologic Symptoms and Signs
Authors: Hasan Farhan D , Ocviyanti Dwiana 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Objective: To attain diagnostic accuracy of various gynecologic symptoms and signs in identifying causes of vaginal discharge.
Method: Eighty-two subjects were included in this cross sectional study. Gynecologic symptoms and signs were inquired from each subject and further laboratory examinations were carried out to identify the etiology. Diagnostic accuracy for each symptom and sign was compared to the laboratory examination as the standard reference. Symptoms and signs with positive predictive value (PPV) of more than 50% were considered to have good diagnostic accuracy.
Result: For bacterial vaginosis, excessive wetness in genital area; vulvar maceration; and thin, turbid, yellowish vaginal discharge had PPVs of 53%; 52%; and 52%, respectively. For candidal vaginitis, vulvar maceration; and white, curd-like vaginal discharge had PPVs of 58% and 100%, respectively. For trichomoniasis, thin, turbid, frothy, yellowish vaginal discharge; and strawberry-cervix appearance had PPVs of 60% and 100%, respectively. There were no symptoms or signs with PPV of more than 50% for chlamydial cervicitis. Diagnostic accuracy for clinical findings in gonorrheal cervicitis could not be calculated due to the small number of subjects.
Conclusion: Various gynecologic symptoms and signs were found to be accurate in diagnosing bacterial vaginosis, candidal vaginitis, and trichomoniasis. No symptoms or signs were considered accurate to aid etiological diagnosis for chlamydial and gonorrheal cervicitis.
Keywords: bacterial vaginosis, Candida sp, Chlamydia trachomatis, gynecologic symptoms and signs, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Trichomonas vaginalis
Helminth Infection in Pregnancy: Effect on Serum Albumin Level and Pregnancy outcome
Authors: Ridwan Steven , Wahyuni Sitti , Chalid Maisuri T 
Published: October 2018

Objective: To determine the prevalence of helminth infection in
pregnant women and its effect on albumin levels and pregnancy outcome.

Method: A prospective cohort study was conducted on third trimester
pregnant women presenting for antenatal care in several hospitals
in Makassar. Information on subject demography was recorded
using short questionnaire. Stool samples were collected to determine
the presence of helminth infection. Albumin levels were measured
from maternal blood and cord‐blood. Outcome of pregnancy
was assessed upon delivery.

Result: The prevalence of helminth infection in our subjects was
22.8%. Among 21 infected women, 17 were infected with Ascaris
lumbricoides (80.9%), one with Trichuris trichiura and three with
both Ascaris and Trichuris. The mean Ascaris lumbricoides intensity
was 1769.3 epg (Range = 24‐11.688 epg). Helminth infections have
no effect on either maternal or neonatal albumin levels (p=0.748 and
p=0.480, respectively). Although it was not found to be significant
(p>0.05), helminth infection seems to affect gestational age (OR 2.06,
95% CI 1.48‐2.86) and birth weight (OR 2.18, 95% CI 1.52‐3.14).
Neonatal albumin level and pregnancy outcome were not affected by
maternal albumin level.

Conclusion: Helminth infection seems to affect pregnancy outcome
in pregnant women in Makassar, but not through influence of albumin.
Factors other than albumin level may responsible for such condition.
Treatment Response of PlatinumBased Chemoradiation on Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer
Authors: Khonsa Oni , Purbadi Sigit , Supriana Nana , Sutrisna Bambang 
Published: October 2018

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy (treatment response), toxicity,
and overall survival of concomitant chemoradiation (CRT) with
three-weekly cisplatin-ifosfamide compared to CRT with weekly cisplatin
in advanced stage cervical cancers (stage IIB-IIIB).
Method: This is a historical cohort between 32 patients receiving
CRT with three-weekly cisplatin and ifosfamide and 29 patients receiving
weekly cisplatin in Gynecologic Oncology division outpatient
clinic and ward, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital.
Results: There was no significant difference in treatment response,
overall and disease-free survival. There was more gastrointestinal
toxicity in the cisplatin-ifosfamide arm compared to the other arm
(p=0.014), but other toxicity effects were not different.
Conclusion: Platinum based-chemoradiation has the same efficacy
in terms of treatment response for locally advanced cervical cancer.
[Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2015; 3-4: 212-221]
Keywords: cisplatin, concomitant chemoradiation, ifosfamide, locally
advance stage cervical cancer
CD4 Percentage and Absolute CD4 Accuracy not Different in Predicting Viral Load of HIVInfected Mothers
Authors: Santoso Ferry , Suwiyoga Ketut , Putra I Gede M 
Published: October 2018

Objective: To determine the accuracy difference between CD4 percentage
and absolute CD4 in predicting the viral load of HIV-infected
pregnant women.
Methods: This study is a diagnostic study involving 22 HIV-infected
pregnant women who came for PMTCT at the Outpatient Clinic in
Sanglah Hospital, from September 2011 until August 2012, who
were randomly selected through consecutive sampling. Blood samples
were collected to analyze the viral load, CD4, and complete
blood count (CBC). Viral load examination was conducted using PCR
in the molecular biology laboratory in the Faculty of Medicine University
of Udayana. CD4 and CBC test was conducted in Sanglah Hospital
Laboratory. Analysis was done with 2x2 table using SPSS for
windows® version 17 to evaluate sensitivity, specificity and accuracy
rate of CD4 percentage and absolute CD4 in predicting the viral
load.
Results: Data analysis shows that CD4 percentage had 75.0% sensitivity,
88.9% specificity, and accuracy of 86.4% for predicting the viral
load in HIV-infected pregnant women. Meanwhile, absolute CD4
had 50.0% sensitivity, 77.8% specificity, and 72.7% accuracy. Chisquare
test shows that there was no significant difference in the accuracy
of CD4 percentage and absolute CD4 (p=0.457).
Conclusion: CD4 percentage and absolute CD4 had high accuracy in
predicting the viral load in HIV-infected pregnant women (86.4%
and 72.7%). There was no significant difference of accuracy between
the CD4 percentage and absolute CD4.
[Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2015; 3-4: 230-233]
Keywords: CD4, HIV-infected pregnant women, viral load
Perfil de gestantes adolescentes diagnosticadas com sífilis em Curitiba-PR
Authors: Moroskoski Márcia , Rozin Leandro , Cecília Batista Maria , Oliveira Queiroz Rosimara , Pereira Silva Selma 
Published: October 2018

Objetivos: realizar levantamento epidemiológico de casos confirmados de sífilis em gestantes adolescentes no período de 2007 a 2016 e estabelecer o perfil epidemiológico das adolescentes diagnosticadas com sífilis na gestação. Método: estudo documental retrospectivo de abordagem quantitativa. Desenvolvida com dados do Sistema Nacional de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN). Resultados: Verificou-se um constante aumento dos casos de sífilis em gestantes adolescentes, com maior expressividade para os três últimos anos pesquisados, que juntos, acumularam 57% dos casos notificados. A maioria das gestantes adolescentes tinham entre 15 e 19 anos (96,8%), e possuíam apenas a 5ª e a 8ª séries incompletas (23,9%). Quanto ao diagnóstico e tratamento, 43,2% foram diagnosticadas ainda no 1º trimestre, 68,7% estavam na fase latente e apenas 50% dos parceiros foram tratados concomitantemente. Conclusão: A incidência de sífilis em gestantes adolescentes vem aumentando de forma preocupante. São necessárias intervenções mais eficazes para o controle da doença entre adolescentes.
Prevalência de sintomas respiratórios em servidores de bibliotecas de uma universidade pública
Authors: Souza Braga Rogério , Krumheuer Azevedo Adilson , Franco Carneiro Lyandra , Luiza da Cunha Ângela , Ana Motter Arlete 
Published: October 2018

Introdução: Os servidores passam um terço do dia no ambiente de trabalho, podendo ser um fator desencadeante de doenças ocupacionais, destacando-se os problemas respiratórios.Objetivo: Descrever a prevalência de sintomas respiratórios em profissionais de bibliotecas de uma universidade pública do sul do Brasil. Materiais e métodos: O projeto desenvolveu-se entre 2015 e 2016. A amostra conta com servidores de ambos os sexos, respondendo a dois instrumentos de coleta de dados: questionário respiratório e questionário de Fargestron para dependência ao tabagismo. Resultados: Foram selecionadas 14 bibliotecas da instituição, 136 trabalhadores, sendo 68% mulheres, e 32% homens. Destes, 44% relataram sintomas como, tosse com secreção (36%), tosse seca (23%), cansaço (19%), chiado (9%), dor no peito (5%). Das patologias, bronquite (40%), rinite (23%), foram as mais relatadas. Conclusão: É necessária maior participação de profissionais da saúde em ambientes de trabalho como bibliotecas, visando promover aos servidores, saúde, segurança e educação no trabalho.
Normal Values of Thyroid Uptake of 99mTechnetium Pertechnetate SPECT in Mice with Respect to Age, Sex, and Circadian Rhythm
Authors: Beindorff Nicola , Bartelheimer Annika , Huang Kai , Lukas Mathias , Lange Catharina , Huang Eleonore , Aschenbach Jörg , Eary Janet , Steffen Ingo , Brenner Winfried 
Published: October 2018

Summary
Aim: The aim of this study was to establish normal values for thyroid uptake of 99mtechnetium pertechnetate (99mTcO4) as a function of age, sex and circadian rhythm in mice.
Methods: In 12 female (F) and 12 male (M) C57BL/6N mice, nine consecutive SPECT images of 10 min duration each were acquired as dynamic acquisitions beginning 5 min after intravenous injection of 80 MBq 99mTcO4. Each mouse was imaged in follow-up studies up to 24 months (A: 1 month; B: 3 months; C: 6 months; D: 12 months; E: 24 months). In order to assess for physiologic changes related to circadian rhythm, animals were imaged during light (sleeping phase, SP) as well as during night conditions (awake phase, AP). The percentage tracer uptake of the injected activity is expressed as median %ID.
Results: Female mice showed significantly higher uptake than males (F 1.6, M 1.1; p < 0.001). This effect was observed up to the age of 12 months: A (F 1.6, M 1.1; p < 0.001), B (F 1.7, M 1.1; p < 0.001), C (F 1.8, M 1.2; p < 0.001), D (F 1.6, M 1.2; p < 0.001), E (F 1.1, M 1.1; p = 0.79). Impact of age on uptake could be observed in females (p = 0.056) and was not present in males (p = 0.27). A significant effect of circadian rhythm could not be observed in females (SP 1.6, AP 1.7; p = 0.65) but in males (SP 1.2, AP 1.1; p = 0.02).
Conclusion: This study showed a significant influence of sex on thyroid 99mTcO4 uptake in mice. Sex was also a significant factor affecting age-related changes in uptake in female mice but not in males. In contrast, circadian rhythm had no relevant impact on 99mTcO4 uptake. Therefore, design of thyroid uptake studies in mice using 99mTcO4 should consider animal sex, and in females, age as significant factors affecting uptake.
Validating UMLS Semantic Type Assignments Using SNOMED CT Semantic Tags
Authors: He Zhe , Wei Duo , Elhanan Gai , Chen Yan , Gu Huanying 
Published: October 2018

Summary
Background: The UMLS assigns semantic types to all its integrated concepts. The semantic types are widely used in various natural language processing tasks in the biomedical domain, such as named entity recognition, semantic disambiguation, and semantic annotation. Due to the size of the UMLS, erroneous semantic type assignments are hard to detect. It is imperative to devise automated techniques to identify errors and inconsistencies in semantic type assignments.
Objectives: Designing a methodology to perform programmatic checks to detect semantic type assignment errors for UMLS concepts with one or more SNOMED CT terms and evaluating concepts in a selected set of SNOMED CT hierarchies to verify our hypothesis that UMLS semantic type assignment errors may exist in concepts residing in semantically inconsistent groups.
Methods: Our methodology is a four-stage process. 1) partitioning concepts in a SNOMED CT hierarchy into semantically uniform groups based on their assigned semantic tags; 2) partitioning concepts in each group from 1) into the disjoint sub-groups based on their semantic type assignments; 3) mapping all SNOMED CT semantic tags into one or more semantic types in the UMLS; 4) identifying semantically inconsistent groups that have inconsistent assignments between semantic tags and semantic types according to the mapping from 3) and providing concepts in such groups to the domain experts for reviewing.
Results: We applied our method on the UMLS 2013AA release. Concepts of the semantically inconsistent groups in the PHYSICAL FORCE and RECORD ARTIFACT hierarchies have error rates 33% and 62.5% respectively, which are greatly larger than error rates 0.6% and 1% in semantically consistent groups of the two hierarchies.
Conclusion: Concepts in semantically in - consistent groups are more likely to contain semantic type assignment errors. Our methodology can make auditing more efficient by limiting auditing resources on concepts of semantically inconsistent groups.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging T2 Values of Stifle Articular Cartilage in Normal Beagles
Authors: Hayashi Kei , Caserto Brian , Norman Mary , Potter Hollis , Koff Matthew , Pownder Sarah 
Published: October 2018

Objectives The purpose of this study was to evaluate regional differences of canine stifle articular cartilage using the quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique of T2 mapping.
Methods Fourteen stifle joints from seven juvenile male Beagle dogs with no evidence or prior history of pelvic limb lameness were imaged ex vivo using standard of care fast spin echo MRI and quantitative T2 mapping protocols. Regions of interest were compared between the femoral, patellar and tibial cartilages, as well as between the lateral and medial femorotibial compartments. Limbs were processed for histology with standard stains to confirm normal cartilage.
Results The average T2 value of femoral trochlear cartilage (37.5 ± 2.3 ms) was significantly prolonged (p < 0.0001) as compared with the femoral condylar, patellar and tibial condylar cartilages (33.1 ± 1.5 ms, 32.8 ± 2.3 ms, and 28.0 ± 1.7 ms, respectively). When comparing medial and lateral condylar compartments, the lateral femoral condylar cartilage had the longest T2 values (34.8 ± 2.8 ms), as compared with the medial femoral condylar cartilage (30.9 ± 1.9 ms) and lateral tibial cartilage (29.1 ± 2.3 ms), while the medial tibial cartilage had the shortest T2 values (26.7 ± 2.4 ms).
Clinical Significance As seen in other species, regional differences in T2 values of the canine stifle joint are identified. Understanding normal regions of anticipated prolongation in different joint compartments is needed when using quantitative imaging in models of canine osteoarthritis.
Accuracy of Femoral Head and Neck Excision via a Craniolateral Approach or a Ventral Approach
Authors: Winders Callie , Vaughn William , Birdwhistell Kate , Holsworth Ian , Franklin Samuel 
Published: October 2018

Objectives This study aimed to compare the completeness of femoral head and neck removal via a craniolateral approach or a ventral approach when femoral head and neck excision (FHNE) is performed by a novice veterinarian.
Methods FHNE was performed on both femurs of 10 canine cadavers with each femur randomized by a coin toss to FHNE via the craniolateral or ventral approach. Computed tomography (CT) of the femurs was performed prior to and following FHNE. The volume of bone that should have been removed with an ideal FHNE, the percentage of this volume that remained following FHNE, time to complete the procedure and the number of technical errors were compared between the two groups.
Results No significant difference (p = 0.88) was found in the volume of bone that should have been removed with an ideal ostectomy when using the two approaches (craniolateral 3,814.7 ± 409.4 mm3; ventral 3,806.2 ± 479.4 mm3), mean excess residual femoral neck (craniolateral 6.0 ± 9.6%; ventral 4.8 ± 6.8%), mean duration of the procedure (craniolateral 19.3 ± 5.4 minutes; ventral 23.7 ± 5.6 minutes) or number of technical errors (craniolateral 0/10; ventral 1/10) between the craniolateral and ventral approach groups.
Clinical Relevance The completeness of bone removal was not significantly different when FHNE was performed by a novice veterinarian via a craniolateral or ventral approach.
Pulse Morphology of the Galactic Center Magnetar PSR J1745–2900
Authors: Pearlman Aaron B. , Majid Walid A. , Prince Thomas A. , Kocz Jonathon , Horiuchi Shinji 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
We present results from observations of the Galactic Center magnetar, PSR J1745–2900, at 2.3 and 8.4 GHz with the NASA Deep Space Network 70 m antenna, DSS-43. We study the magnetar’s radio profile shape, flux density, radio spectrum, and single pulse behavior over a ∼1 year period between MJDs 57233 and 57621. In particular, the magnetar exhibits a significantly negative average spectral index of

when the 8.4 GHz profile is single-peaked, which flattens considerably when the profile is double-peaked. We have carried out an analysis of single pulses at 8.4 GHz on MJD 57479 and find that giant pulses and pulses with multiple emission components are emitted during a significant number of rotations. The resulting single pulse flux density distribution is incompatible with a log-normal distribution. The typical pulse width of the components is ∼1.8 ms, and the prevailing delay time between successive components is ∼7.7 ms. Many of the single pulse emission components show significant frequency structure over bandwidths of ∼100 MHz, which we believe is the first observation of such behavior from a radio magnetar. We report a characteristic single pulse broadening timescale of

at 8.4 GHz. We find that the pulse broadening is highly variable between emission components and cannot be explained by a thin scattering screen at distances ≳ 1 kpc. We discuss possible intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms for the magnetar’s emission and compare our results to other magnetars, high magnetic field pulsars, and fast radio bursts.
Accurate Rotational Rest Frequencies for Ammonium Ion Isotopologues
Authors: Doménech José L. , Schlemmer Stephan , Asvany Oskar 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
We report rest frequencies for rotational transitions of the deuterated ammonium isotopologues NH3D+, NH2D2
+, and NHD3
+, measured in a cryogenic ion trap machine. For the symmetric tops NH3D+ and NHD3
+, one and three transitions are detected, respectively, and five transitions are detected for the asymmetric top NH2D2
+. While the lowest frequency transition of NH3D+ was already known in the laboratory and space, this work enables the future radio astronomical detection of the two other isotopologues.
Galaxy Ellipticity Measurements in the Near-infrared for Weak Lensing
Authors: Lee Bomee , Chary Ranga-Ram , Wright Edward L. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
We investigate the value of the near-infrared imaging from upcoming surveys for constraining the ellipticities of galaxies. We select galaxies between 0.5 ≤ z < 3 that are brighter than expected Euclid sensitivity limits from the GOODS-S and N fields in CANDELS. The co-added CANDELS/HST V+I and J+H images are degraded in resolution and sensitivity to simulate Euclid-quality optical and near-infrared (NIR) images. We then run GALFIT on these simulated images and find that optical and NIR provide similar performances in measuring galaxy ellipticities at redshifts 0.5 ≤ z < 3. At z > 1.0, the NIR-selected source density is higher by a factor of 1.4 and therefore the standard error in NIR-derived ellipticities is about 30% smaller, implying a more precise ellipticity measurement. The good performance of the NIR is mainly because galaxies have an intrinsically smoother light distribution in the NIR bands than in the optical, the latter tracing the clumpy star-forming regions. In addition, the NIR bands have a higher surface brightness per pixel than the optical images, while being less affected by dust attenuation. Despite the worse spatial sampling and resolution of Euclid NIR compared to optical, the NIR approach yields equivalent or more precise galaxy ellipticity measurements. If systematics that affect shape such as dithering strategy and point-spread function undersampling can be mitigated, inclusion of the NIR can improve galaxy ellipticity measurements over all redshifts. This is particularly important for upcoming weak lensing surveys, such as with Euclid and WFIRST.
Incorporating Uncertainties in Atomic Data into the Analysis of Solar and Stellar Observations: A Case Study in Fe xiii
Authors: Yu Xixi , Zanna Giulio Del , Stenning David C. , Cisewski-Kehe Jessi , Kashyap Vinay L. , Stein Nathan , van Dyk David A. , Warren Harry P. , Weber Mark A. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Information about the physical properties of astrophysical objects cannot be measured directly but is inferred by interpreting spectroscopic observations in the context of atomic physics calculations. Ratios of emission lines, for example, can be used to infer the electron density of the emitting plasma. Similarly, the relative intensities of emission lines formed over a wide range of temperatures yield information on the temperature structure. A critical component of this analysis is understanding how uncertainties in the underlying atomic physics propagate to the uncertainties in the inferred plasma parameters. At present, however, atomic physics databases do not include uncertainties on the atomic parameters and there is no established methodology for using them even if they did. In this paper we develop simple models for uncertainties in the collision strengths and decay rates for Fe xiii and apply them to the interpretation of density-sensitive lines observed with the EUV (extreme ultraviolet) Imagining spectrometer (EIS) on Hinode. We incorporate these uncertainties in a Bayesian framework. We consider both a pragmatic Bayesian method where the atomic physics information is unaffected by the observed data, and a fully Bayesian method where the data can be used to probe the physics. The former generally increases the uncertainty in the inferred density by about a factor of 5 compared with models that incorporate only statistical uncertainties. The latter reduces the uncertainties on the inferred densities, but identifies areas of possible systematic problems with either the atomic physics or the observed intensities.
Toward the Measurement of the Mass of Isolated Neutron Stars: Prediction of Future Astrometric Microlensing Events by Pulsars
Authors: Ofek Eran O. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
The mass of single neutron stars (NSs) can be measured using astrometric microlensing events. In such events, the center-of-light motion of a star lensed by an NS will deviate from the expected nonlensed motion and this deviation can be used to measure the mass of the NS. I search for future conjunctions between pulsars, with measured proper motion, and stars in the GAIA-DR2 catalog. I identify two candidate events of stars involving lensing by a foreground pulsar in which the estimated light deflection of the background star will deviate from the nonlensed motion by more than 10 μas. PSR J185635−375435 passed ≅4.″1 from a 19.4 G magnitude star on J2014.9 with an estimated deflection of 13 μas, while PSR J084606−353340 may pass ∼0.″2 from a 19.0 G magnitude star on J2022.9 with an estimated deflection of 91 μas. However, the proper motion of the second event is highly uncertain. Therefore, additional observations are required in order to verify this event. I briefly discuss the opposite case, in which a pulsar is being lensed by a star. Such events can be used to measure the stellar mass via pulsar timing measurements. I do not find good candidates for such events with predicted variations in the pulsar period derivative (

), divided by 1 s, exceeding 10−20 s−1. Since only about 10% of the known pulsars have measured proper motions, there is potential for an increase in the number of predicted pulsar lensing events.