bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The temperature block length for the wet facing masonry under freezing
Authors: Titaev V. A. , Cherny I. A. , Titaev D. V. 
Published: December 2024

Introduction. The outer layer of exterior walls is the facing masonry, experiencing a complex stress-strain state when taking its own weight, climatic loads, and exposures (wind pressure, humidity, and air temperature). An analysis of available research results, as well as the requirements of regulatory documents showed that no consideration is given to the temperature deformations of wet masonry when freezing. In this regard, the studies were conducted to assess the impact of this effect on the stress-strain state of the facing masonry.Aim. To obtain a universal dependence of the temperature block length of the facing masonry, including its freezing.Materials and methods. The study is applied to the facing masonry (facing layer) of multilayer exterior walls of buildings, modeled in the LIRA-CAD software package, which implements the finite element method in the form of displacement method. The research results of the work of M.A. Mury "Temperature deformations of wet brickwork" (2008) are used here.Results. An empirical dependence of the temperature block length of the facing masonry for exterior multilayer walls is obtained based on the analysis of the thermal stress state of the masonry resulting from numerical calculation. A logically justified structural solution of the facing masonry unit with antifriction interface with the floor slab is proposed.Conclusions. According to the results, the length of the masonry temperature block is not only affected by the temperature difference and the stiffness of the supporting structure, but also by the humidity conditions of its operation. When the humidity of the masonry increases from 6 to 12 %, the design length of the temperature block significantly decreases. The lengths of temperature blocks, set according to existing methods (including methods of design standards), have an overestimated value, and thus the durability of facing masonry is essentially reduced, or even destructed in a number of cases.
Formación Docente para el Uso de la Inteligencia Artificial
Authors: Pérez Pérez Orfilia Jessenia , González de Pirela Nelia Josefina 
Published: December 2024

El artículo tiene como objetivo general analizar la formación docente con el uso de la inteligencia artificial (IA) en la educación superior, con el fin de mejorar los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje en las instituciones educativas ecuatorianas, así como describir las competencias investigativas que deben desarrollar los docentes y caracterizar las estrategias pedagógicas al integrar herramientas de IA. La metodología empleada fue bajo el enfoque cualitativo con un diseño descriptivo-documental, basada en la técnica revisión bibliográfica de artículos científicos y documentos relevantes. Los hallazgos indican que la formación docente con el uso de la IA es fundamental para enfrentar los desafíos educativos tecnológicos, porque permite a los docentes utilizar estas herramientas de manera efectiva. Otro de los resultados fue la identificación de competencias claves que los educadores deben desarrollar, como comprender el significado de la IA, evaluar su uso ético en el proceso de aprendizaje y diseñar entornos educativos adaptados con el uso de la IA. Además, se destaca la importancia de la alfabetización digital y la capacitación continua a través de cursos y talleres. El estudio resalta la necesidad urgente de implementar programas de formación en IA para optimar la calidad educativa en el Ecuador.
Numerical and Experimental Validation of a New Methodology for the Design of Michel-Banki Turbine
Authors: Galvis Holguin Steven , Sierra Del Río Jorge , González-Arango Diana I. , Correa-Quintana Edwin , Meneses Lisandra Da Rocha 
Published: December 2024

Michell-Banki cross-flow turbines (MBT) are low-cost turbines that are easy to manufacture and maintain, which makes them ideal for implementation in small-scale hydroelectric projects. Although the MBT has lower efficiencies than turbines such as the Pelton and Francis, it maintains its efficiency stable in the face of fluctuations in flow conditions. The objective of this study is to validate, both numerically and experimentally, a new design methodology that allows the construction of an MBT based on site conditions. For this purpose, the design of the different components of an MBT was implemented according to the site conditions. The experimentation was carried out in a hydraulic test bench, which consists of a water tank, a centrifugal pump, a piping system, a PMAG SGM LEKTRA magnetic flow meter, a TRS605 FUTEK torque sensor, a pressure gauge, and a model of MBT designed and manufactured from scratch. It was concluded that the proposed methodology allows for obtaining experimental and numerical efficiencies of and, respectively. Thus, a numerical-experimental validation of the MBT design and manufacturing methodology could be carried out.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF NEURAL NETWORKS AT DIFFERENT VALUES OF THE SNR RATIO
Authors: Kulakayeva Aigul , Tikhvinskiy Valery , Nurlankyzy Aigul , Namazbayev Timur 
Published: December 2024

This work is devoted to a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of neural networks, CNN and RNN, at different SNR ratios. The research conducted within the framework of this work showed that CNN convolutional neural networks demonstrate higher efficiency in speech signal recognition tasks, regardless of different levels of SNR ratio and language. Thus, the CNN neural network showed stable superiority over RNN under all conditions, especially at low SNR ratios. It was revealed that with an increase in the SNR ratio, the difference in accuracy between the CNN and RNN neural networks decreases, but the CNN continues to lead, which indicates its higher adaptability and ability to learn under conditions of different noise and interference levels. It is especially important to note that the advantage of CNN becomes noticeable at low SNR values, where the accuracy of the RNN decreases more significantly. As a result, with an SNR ratio of 3 dB, the recognition accuracy using CNN was 80% for the Kazakh language, whereas RNN showed a result in the region of 75%. With an increase in the SNR ratio to 21 dB, the difference in accuracy between CNN and RNN decreased, but CNN continued to lead, reaching 88% accuracy compared to 86% for RNN. In addition, the results showed that the effectiveness of the CNN and RNN depended on the language in which they were trained. Neural networks trained in Kazakh showed the best results in recognizing Kazakh speech but also successfully coped with recognizing the Russian language. This highlights the importance of considering language features when developing and training neural networks to improve their performance in multilingual environments.
Counting points by height in semigroup orbits
Authors: Bell Jason P. , Hindes Wade , Zhong Xiao 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We improve known estimates for the number of points of bounded height in semigroup orbits of polarized dynamical systems. In particular, we give exact asymptotics for generic semigroups acting on the projective line. The main new ingredient is the Wiener-Ikehara Tauberian theorem, which we use to count functions in semigroups of bounded degree.
Safety Assessment RP608 Genetically Modified GHB614 Cotton
Authors:   Food Standards Agency,   Food Standards Scotland
Published: December 2024

“Following the submission of application RP608 to the Food Standards Agency (FSA) under assimilated Regulation (EC) No. 1829/2003 from BASF Agricultural Solutions Seed US LLC, (New Jersey, USA), FSA/FSS (Food Standards Scotland) have undertaken a safety assessment on genetically modified GHB614 cotton. To support the safety assessment by FSA/FSS, the Advisory Committee on Novel Foods and Processes (ACNFP) provided advice to FSA/FSS on the data submitted for the renewal of authorisation for the genetically modified cotton GHB614, as outlined in this document. The advice of the ACNFP has been taken into account in this safety assessment which represents the opinion of FSA/FSS on the safety of genetically modified GHB614 cotton. Cotton is primarily used worldwide for its lint, however raw, unprocessed cottonseed may be fed to ruminants as meal, or the seed can be processed into oil. Cottonseed oil has been in use since the 19th century and is considered to be a premium quality oil. GHB614 cotton is modified to express the 2mEPSPS (5-enolpyruvylshikimate 3-phosphate synthase) protein. The 2mepsps gene sequence has been modified by introducing two mutations to the epsps gene from maize which decreases the binding affinity of glyphosate, conferring tolerance to glyphosate herbicides. GHB614 cotton has previously been authorised for food and feed uses and is most commonly used as animal feed. The scope of this application is for the renewal of the authorisation for placing on the market GHB614 cotton products for food and feed uses, import, and processing. The application does not include cultivation and therefore no GHB614 cotton will be grown in the UK. In providing its advice on the safety of GHB614 cotton for food and feed, the ACNFP considered data provided as part of application RP608 (post-market environmental monitoring reports, evaluation of systematic literature searches, additional studies performed by or on behalf of the applicant, and updated bioinformatics analyses), additional information provided by the applicant, and analyses and reports from outside contractors. The ACNFP assessed these data for possible new hazards, modified exposures, or new scientific uncertainties identified during the authorisation period and not previously assessed in the context of the original application (EFSA GMO Panel 2009). FSA/FSS concludes, based on ACNFP advice, that there is no evidence in the renewal application RP608 for new hazards, modified exposures, or new scientific uncertainties that would change the conclusions of the original risk assessment on genetically modified cotton GHB614 (EFSA GMO Panel 2009).”
LINGUISTIC APPROACH TO MISTAKES IN LANGUAGE C (ENGLISH) TARGET TEXTS: SPANISH - FRENCH LANGUAGE INTERFERENCES AND OTHER TRANSLATION ISSUES
Authors: Tena Francisco Godoy 
Published: December 2024

Translation teaching is extremely important in translation and interpreting courses. Owing to this, translation lecturers should be aware of how to teach, monitor, and correct translation students, as they may have a lack of terminology as well as a lower level of their working languages. These grammatical requirements need to be dealt with at the earliest stages of their translation training. One of the most important concerns for translation lecturers is the problems that future translators may experience within their professional careers. These issues become more serious as translation students work with more than two languages. Owing to this fact, they may encounter many interferences, especially in their initial university years. This issue in the translation is remarkable in the Spanish-French-English combination, when English is the third working language of these translation students (language C). As translation students need to have ongoing training, this difficulty needs to be solved from the beginning of their translation learning process. Thanks to this, translation lecturers have the possibility of dealing with these issues earlier, before translation mistakes become fixed and fossilized in their translation process. This research is based on a practical project that has been implemented in language and translation subjects taught in the first and third year of the Translation and Interpreting degree at the Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain. This study assesses, analyses, and evaluates translation problems mainly based on interferences but extended to other usual issues that may arise from the initial source text into the final target text. Additionally, it provides some conclusions to solve those problems and further comments for students who begin their academic careers in translation.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0790/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>
AN EVALUATION OF THE SYLLABUS IN TEACHING AND LEARNING OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE IN CHADIAN SECONDARY SCHOOLS
Authors: Safotso Gilbert Tagne , Tao Célestin 
Published: December 2024

Chad has over 200 local languages plus French and Arabic as its two official languages. All the other languages taught/learnt in the country are seen as foreign ones. Since the early 21st century, of those languages, Chadian learners have been having a strong interest in English, which they see as a developmental tool. However, given the embryonic state of that language in the country, very little research has been carried out to see how Chadian learners acquire it, as well as the strengths and weaknesses of the policy put in place to foster it. This paper critically looks at the current syllabus used in the teaching/ learning of the English language in Chadian secondary schools. The informants came from various secondary schools in N’Djamena, and the data were gathered through interviews and questionnaires administered to both teachers (N50) and learners (N100). The findings show that the current syllabus mostly dwells on grammar and vocabulary, leaving out other key components of the language such as socialisation, fluency or the various types of writing which make efficient users/speakers of any foreign language. The teaching approaches proposed/used, and the textbooks in use have not been adapted. The vast majority of teachers recruited to teach that subject are not trained /qualified. All these factors combine to make the teaching of the English language inefficient in Chadian secondary schools. This study ends with some proposals on how to ameliorate the syllabus to make it more adequate.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0786/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>
ACTION RESEARCH FOR TEACHER DEVELOPMENT - REFLECTIONS ON A GROUP OF MOROCCAN ELT RESEARCH PROFESSORS AT SIDI MOHAMMED BEN ABDELLAH UNIVERSITY, FEZ
Authors: Sbaihi Mohamed 
Published: December 2024

In this paper, it is assumed that practitioners at universities conduct research for different purposes. This study aimed to assess the extent to which a group of research professors conducted action research for professional development. Analysis of the results from questionnaires and interviews revealed that the participants conducted more research projects compared to action research ones, but the participants showed more optimism for conducting more action research projects that would contribute to raising educational standards in their country.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0798/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>
IDENTIFICATION OF 8TH GRADE STUDENTS' COGNITIVE STRUCTURES RELATED TO THE CONCEPTS OF BIODIVERSITY, SPECIES AND ECOSYSTEM
Authors: Bulut Gamze , Yüce Zeynep 
Published: December 2024

Human beings have tried to investigate, explore, and define the environment they live in since the moment they came into existence. Humans have utilized these creatures to discover answers to their changing requirements and to further their own interests by acknowledging their surroundings, adapting their way of life to suit them, and integrating them into their daily existence. Biodiversity is a quite broad concept that covers all living things in the environment we live in. This study aims to reveal the conceptual schemas existing in the cognitive structures of 8th grade students in order to determine their conceptual knowledge levels related to the subject of biodiversity. The study sample consisted of 286 students studying in the 8th grade in the 2022-2023 academic year. The research is a qualitative study conducted using the survey model. “Word Association Test (WAT)” was used as a data collection tool.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0797/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>
LEADERSHIP DES FEMMES CHEFS D’ÉTABLISSEMENTS DES ÉCOLES PRIMAIRES DANS LA SOUS-PROVINCE ÉDUCATIONNELLE DE NGALIEMA DE KINSHASA EN RDC
Authors: Edouard Yata , Corneille Luboya Tshiunza 
Published: December 2024

Les préjugés et limites portés sur les femmes ont occasionné la rareté des femmes dans le leadership des organisations tant scolaires que parascolaires. Conscient du fait que la société semble ne pas trop faire confiance aux femmes à ce niveau de responsabilité, celles qui dirigent ces institutions sont des exemples qu’il faut interroger pour comprendre le rendement de leur leadership dans un domaine qui est encore fort masculinisé. La montée spectaculaire des femmes aux postes de responsabilité pousse les chercheurs à se questionner sur l’efficacité du leadership féminin. Comprendre comment les femmes dirigent leurs écoles est une nécessité pour la société en vue de les mettre à la place où elles ont été discriminées pendant plusieurs siècles et de donner des références à des générations montantes. L’étude a expliqué le leadership des femmes chefs d’établissements des écoles primaires dans la sous-province éducationnelle de Ngaliema de Kinshasa en RDC. L’atteinte de cet objectif était possible grâce à l’enquête par questionnaire des données dans un échantillon de commodité ou au jugement de 50 femmes-leaders, soit 79,4% de la population. L’analyse statistique (pourcentage, moyenne et écart-type) a permis l’analyse des données. Les résultats ont montré que les femmes chefs d’écoles primaires dirigent par l’exemple, la construction d’une communauté scolaire, l’élaboration, l’exécution et l’évaluation des projets éducatifs, le développement personnel et l’inclusion. Les femmes chefs d’écoles primaires privilégient la collaboration dans une logique de perfectionnement, de conscientisation et d’efficacité pour influencer le corps professoral, le personnel administratif ainsi que les parents pour un meilleur rendement de leurs élèves. Les directrices des écoles préfèrent utiliser le leadership démocratique. Le leadership employé améliore le rendement qualitatif et quantitatif de leurs élèves dans les aspects d’apprentissage, d’acquisition des compétences et des évaluations. Les femmes chefs d’écoles primaires sont motivées par le désir d’accomplissement personnel, du changement qualitatif dans leurs écoles, d’engagement social et de l’émancipation de la femme.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0772/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>
THE MEDIATING EFFECT OF MOTIVATION ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CLASSROOM ENVIRONMENT AND STUDENTS’ ATTITUDE TOWARDS SCIENCE
Authors: Tuballa Ivy D. 
Published: December 2024

This study untangled the effect of motivation on the relationship between classroom environment and grade 12 students’ attitude towards science. The researcher used quantitative non-experimental type of research and correlational techniques. The study was conducted in seven selected public schools in Davao City where senior high school students are present. There were four hundred (400) grade 12 student participants in total, consisting of two hundred (200) males and two hundred (200) females. The respondents rated on a scale of 1 to 5, with 5 denoting agreement and 1 denoting disagreement from the items that were given to them. Also, ethical procedures were observed. The data that were gathered from the level of classroom environment, motivation, and attitude towards science indicated that the respondents' perceptions of these factors were observed sometimes. Meanwhile, the correlations between Classroom Environment and both the Motivation and Attitude of students toward science had a significant relationship. The same is true with the correlations between the students' Motivation and their Attitude toward Science and on the Mediating Effect of Motivation. Therefore, the physical environment of the classroom is its strongest point, while managing behavior requires attention.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0999/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>
INTEGRATING STEM AND ART IN SCIENCE TEACHING AT PRIMARY SCHOOLS
Authors: Thu Hang Nguyen Thi , Van Vu Khanh , Van Vu Thi 
Published: December 2024

The article discusses integrating art into STEM education to create the STEAM model, which aims to enhance comprehensive skills in elementary school students. It presents four methods for incorporating art in science teaching, including designing artistic and scientific products, using art in presentations, fostering creativity through experiments, and merging art with technology in STEAM projects. Additionally, the article highlights the significance of environmental education through recycled materials, thereby promoting environmental awareness alongside students' creative development. Ultimately, the author emphasizes that implementing the STEAM model improves learning outcomes and encourages exploration and innovation, requiring support from educators, resources, and infrastructure for successful development.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0299/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>
LIVED EXPERIENCES OF STUDENTS IN E-LEARNING MATHEMATICS AMIDST PANDEMIC
Authors: Licaros Janine A. , Lazo Helen Grace B. , Ponce Lance Vincent , Labajo Dondie B. , Ibonalo Chris Lou 
Published: December 2024

The education system is a globally affected aspect of the COVID-19 pandemic. Consequently, face-to-face instructions were suspended, and education abruptly shifted to distance learning modalities. This study was conducted to describe the lived experiences of Mathematics students at Cebu Normal University, Philippines, in e-Learning Mathematics amidst the pandemic. This study is anchored on phenomenology and utilized a semi-structured interview guide in a series of virtual interviews with each of the research participants selected through a purposive sampling for the data gathering process. The gathered data were then analyzed using Moustakas’ (1994) Transcendental Phenomenological Analysis Process. The findings revealed that the following challenges are encountered by the participants in e-Learning Mathematics amidst the pandemic: (1) difficulty in understanding the topic, (2) contextual distractions, and (3) challenges for online connectivity. Additionally, by taking a break and having a positive mindset, the participants gained motivation to deal with these challenges and foster learning in mathematics. Moreover, this study exposed the opportunities obtained by the participants in e-Learning Mathematics amidst the pandemic into three (3) themes: (1) convenience for learning, (2) independent learning, and (3) time management.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0792/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>