bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vitamin D Deficiency in Patients With Idiopathic and Traumatic Osteochondritis Dissecans of the Talus
Authors: Fraissler Lukas , Boelch Sebastian Philipp , Schäfer Thomas , Walcher Matthias , Arnholdt Jörg , Maier Gerrit , Jakob Franz , Rudert Maximilian , Horas Konstantin 
Published: August 2019

Background: Low vitamin D levels are common in patients with foot and ankle disorders. We have previously demonstrated that juveniles diagnosed with osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) have a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency. Moreover, there is evidence that OCD might be related to vitamin D deficiency in general. However, whether or not hypovitaminosis D is associated with OCD of the talus has yet to be elucidated. Methods: The aim of this study was to determine serum vitamin D levels [25(OH)D] of patients diagnosed with traumatic and idiopathic OCD of the talus. The vitamin D status of patients was measured and correlated to age, sex, season, etiology, laterality, degree of disease, and nicotine abuse. Moreover, parathyroid hormone and serum calcium levels of patients were obtained to assess for severe vitamin D deficiency and secondary hyperparathyroidism. Between January 2015 and December 2017, 65 patients with a mean age of 38.9 years and a total of 68 lesions were identified. Results: In total, 75.4% of patients had low vitamin D levels with a mean overall 25(OH)D level of 24.2 ng/mL. Specifically, 35.4% of patients were vitamin D deficient; another 40% were vitamin D insufficient, and only 24.6% of patients presented with sufficient vitamin D levels. Statistical analysis showed no significant difference comparing vitamin D levels of patients with idiopathic OCD to patients with traumatic OCD. Conclusion: We could not find any significant differences in the vitamin D status of patients with OCD of the talus compared with patients with foot and ankle disorders in general. However, we found that vitamin D deficiency was frequent in patients presenting with traumatic and idiopathic OCD of the talus. We believe it might be beneficial to routinely assess and treat the vitamin D status of patients. Level of Evidence: Level III, retrospective comparative study.
The impact of sex, age and training on biventricular cardiac adaptation in healthy adult and adolescent athletes: Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging study
Authors: Csecs Ibolya , Czimbalmos Csilla , Toth Attila , Dohy Zsofia , Suhai Imre F , Szabo Liliana , Kovacs Attila , Lakatos Balint , Sydo Nora , Kheirkhahan Mobin , Peritz David , Kiss Orsolya , Merkely Bela , Vago Hajnalka 
Published: August 2019

Aims Physiological cardiac adaptation in athletes is influenced by multiple factors. This study aimed to investigate the impact of sex, age, body size, sports type and training volume on cardiac adaptation in healthy athletes with cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. Methods A total of 327 athletes (242 male) were studied (adults ≥18 years old; adolescents 14–18 years old). Left and right ventricular ejection fractions, end-diastolic volume, end-systolic volume, stroke volumes and masses were measured. Left ventricular end-diastolic volume/left ventricular mass, right ventricular end-diastolic volume/right ventricular mass and derived right/left ventricular ratios were determined to study balanced ventricular adaptation. Athletes were categorised as skill, power, mixed and endurance athletes. Results Male athletes had higher left and right ventricular volumes and masses in both adult ( n = 215 (145 male); 24 ± 5 years old) and adolescent ( n = 112 (97 male); 16 ± 1 years old) groups compared with women (all P < 0.05). In adults, male sex, age, body surface area, weekly training hours, mixed and endurance sports correlated with higher ventricular volumes and masses (all P < 0.05); and a combination of age, sex, training hours, endurance and mixed sports explained 30% of the variance of the left ventricular end-diastolic volume index ( r = 0.30), right ventricular end-diastolic volume index ( r = 0.34), right ventricular mass index ( r = 0.30); and as much as 53% of the left ventricular mass index ( r = 0.53) (all P < 0.0001). In adolescents, positive correlations were found between training hours and left ventricular hypertrophy ( r = 0.39, P < 0.0001), and biventricular dilation (left ventricular end-diastolic volume r = 0.34, P = 0.0008; right ventricular end-diastolic volume r = 0.36, P = 0.0004). In adolescents, age and body surface area did not correlate with cardiac magnetic resonance parameters. Conclusion There are significant sex differences in the physiological adaptation of adult and adolescent athlete’s heart; and male sex, higher training volume and endurance sports are major determinants of sports adaptation in adults.
Resonating Trauma
Authors: Ebbrecht-Hartmann Tobias 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe participation of two members of the German radical Left terrorist group Revolutionary Cells turned the 1976 Entebbe hostage crisis into a significant chapter of German and Israeli history. The article reviews the framing of the hijacking of a passenger plane by a West German–Palestinian commando and explores historical references to the traumatic memories of the Holocaust that resonated in the public perception, cinematic depiction, and commemoration of the event. Through an analysis of newspaper coverage, documentary reports, docudrama films, and attempted attacks on German theaters, the article describes the framing as alternating and conflicting and emphasizes the relationship of history, media, and memory.
From Authenticity to Profilicity
Authors: D’Ambrosio Paul J. , Moeller Hans-Georg 
Published: August 2019

AbstractRoberto Simanowski’s work reflects on how the internet transforms understandings of ourselves, others, and the world—or our “identity.” Three concepts inform his analysis: instant selves, the idea that algorithms automatically create narratives for the self; episodic selves, living as tourists from one experience to the next; and Facebook eye, seeing the world in terms of garnering “likes.” These notions point to a deeper change in identity construction that is undermining the age of authenticity. In an age of profile-based identity or “profilicity,” society operates with second-order observation, generating a need to present oneself with an appeal to general peer groups, which vary by forum. Critiques of the online world that Simanowski and others articulate tend to neglect the larger social environment and focus too narrowly on the internet while applying a somewhat anachronistic authenticity-based theoretical framework.
The molecular mechanisms mediating mammalian fertilization
Authors: Bhakta Hanisha H. , Refai Fares H. , Avella Matteo A. 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT
Fertilization is a key biological process in which the egg and sperm must recognize one another and fuse to form a zygote. Although the process is a continuum, mammalian fertilization has been studied as a sequence of steps: sperm bind and penetrate through the zona pellucida of the egg, adhere to the egg plasma membrane and finally fuse with the egg. Following fusion, effective blocks to polyspermy ensure monospermic fertilization. Here, we review how recent advances obtained using genetically modified mouse lines bring new insights into the molecular mechanisms regulating mammalian fertilization. We discuss models for these processes and we include studies showing that these mechanisms may be conserved across different mammalian species.
Still Lost in Translation
Authors: Barlow Molly A. , Villegas Andrea , Cox David J. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Interdisciplinary dialogue can help progress and improve professional fields. Progress and improvement may be impeded by barriers within an interdisciplinary dialogue, two of which are false dichotomies and faulty generalizations. It is our opinion that this particular interdisciplinary dialogue will advance productively by avoiding: false dichotomies about the medical model and Disability Studies in Education (DSE) framework; false dichotomies about using a normality approach to establish goals; and faulty generalizations about practitioners within and outside the field in which we are trained. Most helping professionals care passionately about improving the quality of lives of the people with whom they work. Centering interdisciplinary conversations on this shared value can help avoid false dichotomies and faulty generalizations.
Clinical Evaluation of a New Point-of-Care System for Chemistry Panel Testing
Authors: Love Sara A , Schulz Karen , Stack Penney , Abdirizak Sharifa , Souriyayong Maniphone , Malhotra Ruchika , Xu Clarke , Pamidi Prasad V A 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Background
GEM Premier ChemSTAT™ is a point-of-care (POC) system that measures Na+, K+, Ca++, Cl−, glucose, hematocrit, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), tCO2, pH, pCO2, and lactate from a single whole blood specimen, providing rapid results in POC settings such as the emergency department (ED). Accurate measurements of creatinine in whole blood and reporting of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) can minimize adverse effects of contrast-induced nephropathy.

Methods
Heparinized whole blood specimens from the ED were analyzed on the ChemSTAT by POC staff. Method comparison was performed against the cobas Integra c501 for creatinine, BUN, and tCO2, and against the GEM Premier 4000 for all other analytes. Precision was conducted with whole blood specimens assayed in triplicate over 6 days. Creatinine results from whole blood and plasma were used for eGFR, by isotope dilution mass spectrometry-traceable Modification of Diet in Renal Disease and Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration equations, and eGFR concordance was assessed.

Results
Creatinine, BUN, and tCO2 correlated well with plasma samples on the cobas, and all other analytes correlated well with whole blood specimens on the GEM Premier 4000 across the tested sample ranges. The regression slope was 0.951 to 1.047, along with a correlation coefficient (r) of ≥0.982 for all analytes. The pooled within-sample precision was 0% to 2.5% for all analytes.

Conclusions
ChemSTAT demonstrated a strong correlation with the comparative methods and excellent precision. The system's analytical performance and continuous quality management make it suitable for use in the ED to provide rapid reliable test results, which could minimize the time to treatment and improve ED efficiency.
Al-Qur’an Sebagai Sabab Wuru<d al-H{adi<s| (Membaca Relasi Firman Tuhan dengan Sabda Nabi)
Authors: Miski Miski 
Published: August 2019

This paper studies Qur’anic verses being the sabab al-wurud of hadiths (verses that became the background or accompany the birth of certain hadith reports). Examining hadith literatures, this paper argues that such existing connection between the Qur’an and hadith emphasizes the central position of the Prophet as the “exegete” of the Qur’an, e it in the form of sayings, actions or affirmation. The records can be traced in commentaries of the Qur’an (tafsir bi al-ma’thur), hadith literatures and sira. Tulisan ini bermaksud melakukan eksplorasi terhadap ayat-ayat al-Qur’an yang menjadi asba>b wuru>d al-h{adi>s\ atau ayat-ayat al-Qur’an yang menjadi bagian yang melatarbelakangi atau mengiringi lahirnya hadis Nabi Saw. Berdasarkan penelusuran terhadap berbagai literatur, dapat disimpulkan bahwa –di satu sisi- ayat al-Qur’an yang menjadi asba>b wuru>d merupakan satu hal yang tidak bisa dipungkiri, dan di sisi lain kenyataan ini semakin mempertegas poisis Nabi sebagai penjelas terhadap ayat-ayat al-Qur’an; penjelasan tersebut bisa berupa kata-kata, perbuatan atau contoh perilaku ataupun ketetapan. Penjelasan-penjelasan Nabi terhadap ayat-ayat al-Qur’an tersebut atau ayat-ayat al-Qur’an yang menjadi salah satu asba>b wuru>d hadis bisa dilacak dalam berbagai literatur, terutama literatur tafsir bi al-ma’s\u>r, hadis dan sejarah.Kata kunci: asba>b wuru>d, ayat-ayat al-Qur’an, hadis.
Biomarker-assisted identification of sepsis-related acute liver impairment: a frequent and deadly condition in critically ill patients
Authors: Jensen Jens-Ulrik Stæhr , Peters Lars , Itenov Theis S. , Bestle Morten , Thormar Katrin M. , Mohr Thomas T. , Lundgren Bettina , Grarup Jesper , Lundgren Jens D 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Background
The prognostic impact of mild/moderate liver impairment among critically ill patients is not known. We aimed to determine whether acute liver impairment, as measured by several biomarkers, (i) is frequent, (ii) influences prognosis and (iii) to determine whether such an effect is specific for infected critically ill patients.

Methods
A biomarker and clinical cohort study based on a randomized controlled trial. All-cause mortality was the primary endpoint. Biomarkers hyaluronic acid (HA), bilirubin, albumin, alkaline phosphatase and the international normalized ratio (INR) were determined. Multivariable statistics were applied to estimate risk increase according to liver biomarker increase at baseline and the model was adjusted for age, APACHE II, severe sepsis/septic shock vs. milder infection, chronic alcohol abuse Charlson’s co-morbidity index, cancer disease, surgical or medical patient, body mass index, sex, estimated glomerular filtration rate, mechanical ventilation and the other biomarkers. Time-to-event graphs were used. The patients were critically ill patients (n = 1096) from nine mixed medical/surgical intensive care units without known hepatobiliary disease.

Results
HA levels differed between infected patients (median 210.8 ng/mL [IQR: 93.2–556.6]) vs. the non-infected (median 56.8 ng/mL [IQR: 31.9–116.8], p < 0.001). Serum HA quartiles 2, 3 and 4 were independent predictors of 90-day all-cause mortality for the entire population (infected and non-infected). However, the signal was driven by the infected patients (positive interaction test, no signal in non-infected patients). Among infected patients, HA quartiles corresponded directly to the 90-day risk of dying: 1st quartile: 57/192 = 29.7%, 2nd quartile: 84/194 = 43.3%, 3rd quartile: 90/193 = 46.6%, 4th quartile: 101/192 = 52.3 %, p for trend: <0.0001. This finding was confirmed in adjusted analyses: hazard ratio vs. 1st quartile: 2nd quartile: 1.3 [0.9–1.8], p = 0.14, 3rd quartile: 1.5 [1.1–2.2], p = 0.02, 4th quartile: 1.9 [1.3–2.6], p < 0.0001). High bilirubin was also an independent predictor of mortality.

Conclusions
Among infected critically ill patients, subtle liver impairment, (elevated HA and bilirubin), was associated with a progressive and highly increased risk of death for the patient; this was robust to adjustment for other predictors of mortality. HA can identify patients at high risk.
Automated measurement of the erythrocyte sedimentation rate: method validation and comparison
Authors: Lapić Ivana , Piva Elisa , Spolaore Federica , Tosato Francesca , Pelloso Michela , Plebani Mario 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Background
Development of automated analyzers for erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) has imposed the need for extensive validation prior to their implementation in routine practice, to ensure comparability with the reference Westergren method. The aim of our study was to perform the analytical validation of two automated ESR analyzers, the Ves-Matic Cube 200 and the TEST1.

Methods
Validation was performed according to the recent International Council for Standardization in Hematology recommendations and included determination of intrarun and inter-run precision, assessment of sample carryover, hemolysis interference, sensitivity to fibrinogen, method comparison with the gold standard Westergren method and stability test.

Results
The highest intrarun imprecision was obtained for the low ESR range (33.5% for Ves-Matic Cube; 37.3% for TEST1) while inter-run coefficients of variation on three levels were much better for the TEST1 (0%, 2% and 1.2%) compared to the Ves-Matic Cube 200 on two levels (24.9% and 5.8%). Both Ves-Matic Cube 200 and TEST1 showed no statistically significant difference when compared with Westergren. Bland-Altman analysis yielded overall insignificant mean biases for all comparisons, but a wider dispersion of results and 95% limits of agreement for comparisons including the Ves-Matic Cube 200. Carryover was considered insignificant, while hemolysis had a negative effect on all assessed ESR methods. The highest sensitivity to fibrinogen was observed for the Ves-Matic Cube 200, followed by Westergren and the least sensitive was the TEST1.

Conclusions
The obtained results proved the analytical validity of the TEST1 and the Ves-Matic Cube 200, and high comparability with the gold standard Westergren method, showing obvious improvements in standardization of ESR methods.
Assessment of Proportional Integral Derivative Control Loops for Large Dominant Time Constant Processes
Authors: Begum K. Ghousiya , Rao A. Seshagiri , Radhakrishnan T. K. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This manuscript deals with the assessment of parallel form of proportional integral derivative (PID) control structure for tracking the reference input designed for large dominant time constant processes whose dynamics are slow (integrating processes). The theoretical bound of integral absolute error (IAE) which is established for unstable first order process is extended to pure integrating process without using any approximations. This relies on direct synthesis tuning (DS) and the theoretical bound is obtained from the transfer function of closed loop system subjected to ramp input changes. An error based performance index is formulated on the basis of this IAE theoretical bound and actual IAE, to measure the behaviour of the controller employed for non self regulating (integrating) processes. This error based index evaluates the performance of closed loop controller and specifies whether the controller requires retuning or not. A sequence of simulated examples is used to illustrate the benefit and effectiveness of this new performance assessment method.
Preparation and Properties of Blast Furnace Slag Glass Ceramics Containing Cr2O3
Authors: Wang Yi-ci , Xin Wen-bin , Huo Xiao-geng , Luo Guo-ping , Zhang Fang 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn this study, the blast furnace slag of the Baotou Steel and Iron Company was used as the main raw material to prepare glass ceramics with diopside as the main crystal phase. The composition of the parent glass was designed by thermodynamic calculations with FactSage software. Small amounts of the nucleation agent Cr2O3were then added to the parent glass to induce crystallization. Differential thermal analysis was used to determine the nucleation and crystallization temperatures of the glasses, and scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction were adopted to determine the microstructures and phase compositions of the glasses after heat treatment, respectively. The results showed that glass ceramics of the diopside phase can be prepared with up to 73 wt% blast furnace slag when 1.44–1.91 wt% Cr2O3is added, and the ceramics have uniform compact grains and a high bending strength of about 84.6–101.7 MPa. In addition, the mechanical properties are better than those of natural marble and granite. These results provide basic information and a scientific basis for industrial production of diopside glass ceramics using molten blast furnace slag as the main raw material.
Fanakalo as a mining language in South Africa: A new overview
Authors: Mesthrie Rajend 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Fanakalo pidgin rose to prominence when it was selected for use as the lingua franca of the highly multilingual mines of South Africa. This article examines the properties of Fanakalo as a mining language, in contrast to its uses on farms, suburban households and in urban employment. Fanakalo has evolved a special register of technical terms pertaining to the mining industry from various sources (chiefly Zulu, English and Afrikaans). This article characterizes lexical innovations in this mining register and corrects previous estimates of the sources of innovation by differentiating the major parts of speech. The article also draws attention to the complexity of Fanakalo in pamphlets put out by mining management, in sharp contrast to the more usual kind of Fanakalo documented in earlier sources. As far as mining language policy is concerned, there have been calls in the last few decades to discontinue its use on the mines on the grounds of its associations with colonial and racial domination. Whereas Fanakalo has been invariably denigrated by intellectuals as a language of oppression rather than culture, there have been some surprising recent developments. In the wake of the tragedy at Marikana mines in 2012, where 34 workers on strike were shot and killed by police, Fanakalo has come to prominence as the language preferred by the strikers for mass meetings and negotiations with management. This process offers possibilities of the linguistic elaboration of the pidgin and raises questions about possible creolization.
Grammatical features of a moribund coalminers’ language in a Belgian cité
Authors: Pecht Nantke 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis article investigates grammatical features ofCité Duits, a moribund in-group coalminers’ language spoken in the town of Eisden in Belgian Limburg. Based on audio data from eight multilingual speakers collected through a method of sociolinguistic interviews in 2015, I show that certain features are a fusion of Belgian Dutch, German and the Maaslands dialect spoken in this area, in addition to ‘well-known’ and ‘new’ features. Since grammatical properties of this contact variety have hardly been researched yet, this contribution aims at filling this gap by providing a first analysis of selected morphosyntactic features including negation, bare NPs, non-inverted V3s and participle formation. Building on Aboh’s hybridity approach to the emergence of grammar (2017), I suggest that Cité Duits displays a recombination of linguistic features that have become part of a stable system over the decades. The basic idea is that speakers are capable of weaving together abstract properties of different varieties present in the input. Research on this mining language is therefore an extraordinary opportunity to investigate language and dialect contact, largely because of its recent emergence and direct information about the first generation of speakers and their social ties.
Crystal structure of (E)-N-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(pyridin-2-yl)methanimine, C12H9ClN2
Authors: Diko Nyameka , Zamisa Sizwe J. , Friedrich Holger B. , Shozi Mzamo L. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
C12H9ClN2, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 19.0184(3) Å, b = 4.81220(10) Å, c = 11.3896(2) Å, β = 107.388(1)°, Z = 4, V = 994.75(3) Å3, R
gt(F) = 0.0284, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0800, T = 100(2) K.
Investigation on Performance of Compressor Cascade with Tubercle Leading Edge Blade
Authors: Baofeng Tu , Kai Zhang , Jun Hu 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In order to improve compressor performance using a new design method, which originates from the fins on a humpback whale, experimental tests and numerical simulations were undertaken to investigate the influence of the tubercle leading edge on the aerodynamic performance of a linear compressor cascade with a NACA 65–010 airfoil. The results demonstrate that the tubercle leading edge can improve the aerodynamic performance of the cascade in the post-stall region by reducing total pressure loss, with a slight increase in total pressure loss in the pre-stall region. The tubercles on the leading edge of the blades cause the flow to migrate from the peak to the valley on the blade surface around the tubercle leading edge by the butterfly flow. The tubercle leading edge generates the vortices similar to those created by vortex generators, splitting the large-scale separation region into multiple smaller regions.