bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Robust H∞ control of uncertain singular systems based on equivalent‐input‐disturbance approach
Authors: Gao Fang , Chen Wenbin , Wu Min , She Jinhua 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIn this paper, a robust H∞ control problem is considered for an uncertain singular system. An active disturbance rejection method called equivalent input disturbance (EID) is used to reduce the influence of exogenous disturbances and uncertainties on the system. At the first, there exists an EID, which can produces the same effect on the system as disturbances and uncertainties do in the control channel according to the EID concept. Then, an EID estimator is constructed to estimate the influence of EID on the system. Finally, based on Lyapunov stability theory, a static output feedback‐based robust H∞ controller combined with EID estimate is designed, guaranteeing that closed‐loop system is admissible (regular, impulse‐free, and stable) with a prescribed H∞ performance level. Compared with traditional H∞ control method, H∞ control based on EID method improve the control performance of the system. A numerical example demonstrates the validity of the method.
Diametrically opposed associations between academic achievement and social anxiety among university students with and without autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Zukerman Gil , Yahav Gili , Ben‐Itzchak Ester 
Published: May 2019

Research findings indicate that anxiety, social anxiety in particular, is the most common experience reported by individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) attending postsecondary education. Among students without ASD, higher levels of social anxiety have been postulated to correlate with impaired academic achievement; restriction of one's social network because of anxiety is thought to lead to reduction of access to resources important for learning such as social/emotional support and collaborative learning. However, despite growing interest in the outcomes of young students with ASD, no research has studied the associations between academic achievement and anxiety among students with ASD. This study examined the association between social anxiety and grade point average (GPA) among university students: 55 diagnosed with ASD, 31 without ASD but high levels of social anxiety, and 25 without ASD and with low levels of social anxiety (controls). GPAs were significantly lower for the ASD group than for the two non‐ASD groups. Among students without ASD, a negative correlation between social anxiety and grades was observed whereas the reverse pattern was found for the ASD group, meaning that for students with ASD, higher levels of social anxiety were associated with higher grades. Additionally, in a regression analysis, ASD diagnosis, social anxiety, and the interaction of group × social anxiety significantly predicted GPA. Possible explanations for this finding, as well as implications for interventions among this population of high‐functioning students with ASD, are discussed. Autism Res 2019, 12: 1376–1385. © 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Lay SummaryThis study compared the relationship between levels of social anxiety and grades in students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and in students without ASD who had either high social anxiety or low social anxiety (controls). Among the group with ASD, higher levels of social anxiety were associated with higher grades, whereas the reverse pattern was found among the other groups. This finding's implications for interventions among students with ASD are discussed.
Inline noninvasive Raman monitoring and feedback control of glucose concentration during ethanol fermentation
Authors: Hirsch Edit , Pataki Hajnalka , Domján Júlia , Farkas Attila , Vass Panna , Fehér Csaba , Barta Zsolt , Nagy Zsombor K. , Marosi György J. , Csontos István 
Published: May 2019

AbstractRaman spectroscopy as a process analytical technology tool was implemented for the monitoring and control of ethanol fermentation carried out with Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The need for the optimization of bioprocesses such as ethanol production, to increase product yield, enhanced the development of control strategies. The control system developed by the authors utilized noninvasive Raman measurements to avoid possible sterilization problems. Real‐time data analysis was applied using partial least squares regression (PLS) method. With the aid of spectral pretreatment and multivariate data analysis, the monitoring of glucose and ethanol concentration was successful during yeast fermentation with the prediction error of 4.42 g/L for glucose and 2.40 g/L for ethanol. By Raman spectroscopy‐based feedback control, the glucose concentration was maintained at 100 g/L by the automatic feeding of concentrated glucose solution. The control of glucose concentration during fed‐batch fermentation resulted in increased ethanol production. Ethanol yield of 86% was achieved compared to the batch fermentation when 75% yield was obtained. The results show that the use of Raman spectroscopy for the monitoring and control of yeast fermentation is a promising way to enhance process understanding and achieve consistently high production yield.
The propensity of invasive circulating tumor cells (iCTCs) in metastatic progression and therapeutic responsiveness
Authors: Dong Huan , Tulley Shaun , Zhao Qiang , Cho Leong , Chen Donghai , Pearl Michael L. , Chen Wen‐Tien 
Published: May 2019

AbstractCirculating tumor cells (CTCs) are important clinical indicators of metastatic progression and treatment efficacy. However, because of their low number and heterogeneity, reliable patient‐derived CTC models are not readily available. We report here the isolation and characterization of the invasive population of CTCs, iCTCs, from blood of 10 patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) and one pancreatic cancer patient based on the avidity of tumor cells toward an artificial collagen‐based adhesion matrix (CAM), in comparison with tumor progenitor (TP) cells isolated from tumor cell lines, tumors and ascites from EOC patients. CAM‐avid cells identified to be iCTCs were indistinguishable with TP cells using either functional CAM uptake or surface markers (seprase and CD44). In addition, iCTCs were characterized using peritoneal and spontaneous metastasis models in vivo to evaluate their metastatic propensity and therapeutic response. TP cells and iCTCs had a doubling time of about 34‐42 hours. TP cells were rare (<3.5%) in most patient‐derived specimens, however, iCTCs emigrated into blood, at a high frequency, 64.2% (n = 49). Approximately 500 patient‐derived iCTCs recapitulated formation of iCTCs in mouse blood and formed micrometastases in the liver and/or lung, a degree of metastatic spread equivalent to the inoculation of 5 × 105 bulk tumor cells isolated from ascites and tumors. iCTCs were shown to be novel therapeutic targets for blocking metastasis using the reduced formation of iCTCs and micrometastases by RNAi, peptides, and monoclonal antibodies against seprase.
Impact of percutaneous closure device type on vascular and bleeding complications after TAVR: A post hoc analysis from the BRAVO‐3 randomized trial
Authors: Power David , Schäfer Ulrich , Guedeney Paul , Claessen Bimmer E. , Sartori Samantha , Sorrentino Sabato , Lefèvre Thierry , Kupatt Christian , Tchetche Didier , Dumonteil Nicolas , Webb John G. , Colombo Antonio , Windecker Stephen , ten Berg Jurriën M. , Hildick‐Smith David , Boekstegers Peter , Linke Axel , Tron Christophe , Van Belle Eric , Asgar Anita W. , Jeger Raban , Sardella Gennaro , Hink Ulrich , Husser Oliver , Grube Eberhard , Lechthaler Ilknur , Wijngaard Peter , Anthopoulos Prodromos , Deliargyris Efthymios N. , Bernstein Debra , Hengstenberg Christian , Mehran Roxana , Dangas George D. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackground/ObjectiveProstar XL (PS) and ProGlide (PG) are common vascular closure devices (VCD) used in TAVR via transfemoral vascular approach. The impact of these VCD on vascular and bleeding complications remains unclear.MethodsThe BRAVO‐3 trial randomized 802 patients undergoing transfemoral TAVR. We stratified patients according to type of VCD used and examined the 30‐day incidence of major or minor vascular complications, major bleeding (BARC ≥3b), AKI and major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE; death, myocardial infarction or stroke).ResultsA total of 746 (93%) patients were treated with either PS (n = 352, 47%) or PG (n = 394, 53%) VCD, without significant differences in successful deployment rate (PS 322 [91.2%] vs. PG 373 [94.2%] respectively, p = .20). PG was associated with a significantly lower incidence of major or minor vascular complications, compared to PS (adjusted OR: 0.54; 95% CI: 0.37–0.80; p < .01). Rates of acute kidney injury were also lower with the PG device. There was no significant difference between bleeding, MACCE, and death.ConclusionsCompared to PS, the PG VCD was associated with a lower rate of major or minor vascular complications and lower rates of AKI after transfemoral TAVR.
On the behaviour of permutation‐based variable importance measures in random forest clustering
Authors: Nembrini Stefano 
Published: May 2019

AbstractUnsupervised random forest (RF) is a popular clustering method that can be implemented by artificially creating a two‐class problem. Variable importance measures (VIMs) can be used to determine which variables are relevant for defining the RF dissimilarity, but they have not received as much attention as the supervised case. Here, I show that sampling schemes used in generating the artificial data—including the original one—can influence the behaviour of the permutation importance in a way that can affect conclusions on variable relevance and also propose a solution. Generating the artificial data using a Bayesian bootstrap keeps the desirable properties of the permutation VIM.
Nerve regeneration in rat peripheral nerve allografts: Evaluation of cold‐inducible RNA‐binding protein in nerve storage and regeneration
Authors: Li Zijian , Zhang Song , Li Jinxiu , Zeng Huanhuan , Wang Yi , Huang Yingru 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe prevalence of peripheral nerve injury has attracted increased attention. Allografting has been proposed as a potential treatment strategy for peripheral nerve injury. Moreover, cryopreservation may provide almost unlimited graft material. We investigated whether cold‐inducible RNA‐binding protein (CIRP) could protect peripheral nerves during cryopreservation to promote regeneration postoperation. First, CIRP was highly expressed after pretreatment at 32°C. After 4 weeks of cryopreservation, the increased live cells, low Bax/Bcl‐2 ratio and high nerve growth factor and glial cell‐derived neurotrophic factor levels in the 32°C group demonstrated high nerve graft viability. At 4 weeks postoperation, 32°C‐Allo group demonstrated low plasma levels of interleukin‐6 and interferon‐gamma and a diminished cellular immune response. At 20 weeks postoperation, nerve regeneration in the 32°C‐Allo group was similar to that in the fresh isograft group and superior to that in the 4°C‐Allo and 15°C‐Allo groups. Moreover, the compound muscle action potential and the motor nerve conduction velocity of the 32°C‐Allo group were equal to those of the fresh isograft group. In conclusion, CIRP induction increased Schwann cell biological activity, inhibited cell apoptosis, reduced immune rejection, and promoted recipient nerve regeneration. Thus, CIRP could exert protective effects during nerve storage and stimulate regeneration in peripheral nerve reconstruction.
A density‐dependent FEM‐FCT algorithm with application to modeling platelet aggregation
Authors: Danes Nicholas A. , Leiderman Karin 
Published: May 2019

AbstractUpon injury to a blood vessel, flowing platelets will aggregate at the injury site, forming a plug to prevent blood loss. Through a complex system of biochemical reactions, a stabilizing mesh forms around the platelet aggregate forming a blood clot that further seals the injury. Computational models of clot formation have been developed to a study intravascular thrombosis, where a vessel injury does not cause blood leakage outside the blood vessel but blocks blood flow. To model scenarios in which blood leaks from a main vessel out into the extravascular space, new computational tools need to be developed to handle the complex geometries that represent the injury. We have previously modeled intravascular clot formation under flow using a continuum approach wherein the transport of platelet densities into some spatial location is limited by the platelet fraction that already reside in that location, i.e., the densities satisfy a maximum packing constraint through the use of a hindered transport coefficient. To extend this notion to extravascular injury geometries, we have modified a finite element method flux‐corrected transport (FEM‐FCT) scheme by prelimiting antidiffusive nodal fluxes. We show that our modified scheme, under a variety of test problems, including mesh refinement, structured vs unstructured meshes, and for a range of reaction rates, produces numerical results that satisfy a maximum platelet‐density packing constraint.
File retrieval and storage in the open source cloud tool using digital bipartite and digit compact prefix indexing method
Authors: Priya Ponnuswamy P. , Vidhya Priya R. , Shabari Ram C.P. 
Published: May 2019

SummaryCloud computing plays a major role in data centers, and its important services are used by the data centers. Data centers are large number of computers that are interrelated to make the cloud services available. Data centers are increasing nowadays to provide a platform to store files, data applications, etc. Data centers with large storage capacity are the foundation for cloud computing services such as web searching and network storage. Data traffic takes place within and outside the data centers and needs to forward data between servers in the network. In this paper, a new method called digital bipartite and digit compact prefix with hashing technique is used to store and retrieve data in the cloud. The idea is to create a volume of storage for a user within the data center to store their files. Digital bipartite and Digit compact prefix are implemented to store and retrieve the user files efficiently. The implementation is done in OpenStack with a multinode setup. The proposed method compares the insertion time, search time, and throughput with the number of nodes, the number of compute instances, and the number of files for the two algorithms.
Optimization policy for file replica placement in fog domains
Authors: Guerrero Carlos , Lera Isaac , Juiz Carlos 
Published: May 2019

SummaryFog computing architectures distribute computational and storage resources along the continuum from the cloud to things. Therefore, the execution of services or the storage of files can be closer to the users. The main objectives of fog computing domains are to reduce the user latency and the network usage. Availability is also an issue in fog architectures because the topology of the network does not guarantee redundant links between devices. Consequently, the definition of placement polices is a key challenge. We propose a placement policy for data replication to increase data availability that contrasts with other storage policies that only consider a single replica of the files. The system is modeled with complex weighted networks and topological features, such as centrality indices. Graph partition algorithms are evaluated to select the fog devices that store data replicas. Our approach is compared with two other placement policies: one that stores only one replica and FogStore, which also stores file replicas but uses a greedy approach (the shortest path). We analyze 22 experiments with simulations. The results show that our approach obtains the shortest latency times, mainly for writing operations, a smaller network usage increase, and a similar file availability to FogStore.
Ultrahigh Surface Area N‐Doped Hierarchically Porous Carbon for Enhanced CO2 Capture and Electrochemical Energy Storage
Authors: Wang Shuai , Qin Jieqiong , Zhao Yujuan , Duan Linlin , Wang Jinxiu , Gao Wenjun , Wang Ruicong , Wang Changyao , Pal Manas , Wu Zhong‐Shuai , Li Wei , Zhao Dongyuan 
Published: May 2019

AbstractFacile synthesis of ultrahigh surface area porous carbons with well‐defined functionalities such as N‐doping remains a formidable challenge as extensive pore creation results in significant damage to the active sites. Herein, an ultrahigh surface area, N‐doped hierarchically porous carbon was prepared through a multicomponent co‐assembly approach. The resultant N‐doped hierarchically porous carbon (N‐HPC) possessed an ultrahigh surface area (≈1960 m2 g−1), a uniform interpenetrating micropore (≈1.3 nm) and large mesopore (≈7.6 nm) size, and high N‐doping in the carbon frameworks (≈5 wt %). The N‐HPC exhibited a high specific capacitance (358 F g−1 at 0.5 A g−1) as a supercapacitor electrode in aqueous alkaline electrolyte with a stable cycling performance after10 000 charge/discharge cycles. Moreover, as a CO2 absorbent, N‐HPC displayed an adsorption capacity of 29.0 mmol g−1 at 0 °C under a high pressure of 30 bar.
Cytomorphology of intraductal papillary neoplasm of the biliary tract
Authors: Canepa Mariana , Yao Ruisheng , Nam Ga H. , Patel Nimesh R. , Pisharodi Latha 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIntraductal papillary neoplasms of the bile duct (IPNBs) are papillary epithelial proliferations with delicate fibrovascular cores within dilated bile ducts. They are thought to be premalignant lesions with potential to progress invasive tumors. To our knowledge, there are no prior descriptions of IPNB cytomorphology. A 58‐year‐old male presented with painless jaundice and elevated liver function tests was found to have an intraluminal mass within the left hepatic duct. A bile duct brushing diagnosed as “atypical cells present” showed a cellular specimen composed of papillary groups and linear strips of mostly cuboidal/columnar cells with mild atypia and vacuolated cytoplasm. A left hepatic lobectomy including extrahepatic bile ducts showed the mass consisted of papillary cores lined by pancreatobiliary‐type epithelium with mild‐to‐severe atypia, consistent with IPNB with a focus suspicious for invasion. The cytomorphologic features described in the current case suggest intraductal papillary neoplasm but may not be specific since similar features could be seen in other bile duct tumors and even in nonneoplastic conditions such as stent or cholelithiasis. However, it is worthwhile to report papillary hyperplasia with atypia in common bile duct brushings in order to avoid a false‐negative diagnosis, especially in the context of a filling defect by images which does not appear to be a stone.
Roadside verges and cemeteries: Comparative analysis of anthropogenic orchid habitats in the Eastern Mediterranean
Authors: Fekete Réka , Löki Viktor , Urgyán Renáta , Süveges Kristóf , Lovas‐Kiss Ádám , Vincze Orsolya , Molnár V. Attila 
Published: May 2019

AbstractSeveral important habitats have become threatened in the last few centuries in the Mediterranean Basin due to major changes adopted in land‐use practices. The consequent loss of natural and seminatural orchid habitats leads to the appreciation of small anthropogenic habitats, such as cemeteries and roadside verges. Colonization of cemeteries and roadside verges by orchids has long been known, but no study to date compared the suitability of these two anthropogenic habitats for orchids. Therefore, in this paper our aim was to survey cemeteries and roadside verges and to compare these two habitats regarding their role in conserving Mediterranean terrestrial orchids. We conducted field surveys in three Mediterranean islands, Cyprus, Crete, and Lesbos, where both cemeteries and roadside verges were sampled on a geographically representative scale. We found a total of almost 7,000 orchid individuals, belonging to 77 species in the two anthropogenic habitat types. Roadside verges hosted significantly more individuals than cemeteries in Crete and Lesbos, and significantly more species across all three islands. Our results suggest that although cemeteries have a great potential conservation value in other parts of the world, intensive maintenance practices that characterized cemeteries in these three islands renders them unable to sustain valuable plant communities. On the other hand, roadside verges play a prominent role in the conservation of Mediterranean orchids in Cyprus and Greece. The pioneer status of roadside verges facilitates their fast colonization, while roads serve as ecological corridors in fragmented landscapes.
Biodiversity and thermal ecological function: The influence of freshwater algal diversity on local thermal environments
Authors: Missirian Anouch , Frank Eyal G. , Gersony Jess T. , Wong Jason C. Y. , Naeem Shahid 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe influence of temperature on diversity and ecosystem functioning is well studied; the converse however, that is, how biodiversity influences temperature, much less so. We manipulated freshwater algal species diversity in microbial microcosms to uncover how diversity influenced primary production, which is well documented in biodiversity research. We then also explored how visible‐spectrum absorbance and the local thermal environment responded to biodiversity change. Variations in the local thermal environment, that is, in the temperature of the immediate surroundings of a community, are known to matter not only for the rate of ecosystem processes, but also for persistence of species assemblages and the very relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. In our microcosm experiment, we found a significant positive association between algal species richness and primary production, a negative association between primary production and visible‐spectrum absorbance, and a positive association between visible‐spectrum absorbance and the response of the local thermal environment (i.e., change in thermal infrared emittance over a unit time). These findings support an indirect effect of algal diversity on the local thermal environment pointing to a hitherto unrecognized biodiversity effect in which diversity has a predictable influence on local thermal environments.
Drought‐response strategies of savanna herbivores
Authors: Abraham Joel O. , Hempson Gareth P. , Staver A. Carla 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Climate models predict increases in drought frequency and severity worldwide, with potential impacts on diverse systems, including African savannas. These droughts pose a concern for the conservation of savanna mammal communities, such that understanding how different species respond to drought is vital.

Because grass decreases so consistently during droughts, we predict that grass‐dependent species (grazers and mixed feeders) will respond strongly to drought, whether by changing diets, seeking drought refugia, or suffering mortality.

A recent severe but heterogeneous drought in Kruger National Park, South Africa, afforded a rare opportunity to test these hypotheses in situ—crucial, given the central role of landscape‐scale movement as a potential herbivore strategy. We used herbivore dung as a proxy, integrating spatial distributions (dung counts) with diet composition (carbon isotope analysis of dung).

As predicted, browsers showed little response to drought. However, mixed feeders switched their diets to incorporate more C3 trees/forbs, but did not move. Meanwhile, grazers and megaherbivores instead moved toward drought refugia.

Synthesis and applications: The responses we observed by savanna herbivores are largely amplifications of typical dry season strategies and reflect constraints imposed by body size and feeding ecology. Grazers may be at particular risk from increased drought frequency and spatial extent if drought refugia become decreasingly available. Conservation strategies should recognize these constraints and work to facilitate the diverse responses of herbivores to drought.