bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mulberry leaf ameliorate STZ induced diabetic rat by regulating hepatic glycometabolism and fatty acid β-oxidation
Authors: Lv Bohan , Liu Siyuan , Li Yaqi , Li Zhigang , An Yongcheng , He Changhao , Zhang Huilin , Huang Yan , Fu Wanxin , Ma Quantao , Zhao Baosheng 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionType 2 diabetes (T2D) is a metabolic disorder marked by disruptions in glucolipid metabolism, with numerous signaling pathways contributing to its progression. The liver, as the hub of glycolipid metabolism, plays a pivotal role in this context. Mulberry leaf (ML), a staple in traditional Chinese medicine, is widely utilized in the clinical management of T2D. Synthesizing existing literature with the outcomes of prior research, it has become evident that ML enhances glucose metabolism via multiple pathways.MethodsIn our study, we induced T2D in rats through a regimen of high-sugar and high-fat diet supplementation, coupled with intraperitoneal injections of streptozotocin. We subsequently administered the aqueous extract of ML to these rats and assessed its efficacy using fasting blood glucose levels and other diagnostic indicators. Further, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the rats’ liver tissues using metabolomics and proteomics to gain insights into the underlying mechanisms.ResultsOur findings indicate that ML not only significantly alleviated the symptoms in T2D rats but also demonstrated the capacity to lower blood glucose levels. This was achieved by modulating the glucose-lipid metabolism and amino-terminal pathways within the liver. ACSL5, Dlat, Pdhb, G6pc, Mdh2, Cs, and other key enzymes in metabolic pathways regulated by ML may be the core targets of ML treatment for T2D.DiscussionMulberry leaf ameliorate STZ induced diabetic rat by regulating hepatic glycometabolism and fatty acid β-oxidation.
Machine learning models can predict cancer-associated disseminated intravascular coagulation in critically ill colorectal cancer patients
Authors: Qin Li , Mao Jieling , Gao Min , Xie Jingwen , Liang Zhikun , Li Xiaoyan 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundDue to its complex pathogenesis, the assessment of cancer-associated disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is challenging. We aimed to develop a machine learning (ML) model to predict overt DIC in critically ill colorectal cancer (CRC) patients using clinical features and laboratory indicators.MethodsThis retrospective study enrolled consecutive CRC patients admitted to the intensive care unit from January 2018 to December 2023. Four ML algorithms were used to construct predictive models using 5-fold cross-validation. The models’ performance in predicting overt DIC and 30-day mortality was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC-AUC) and Cox regression analysis. The performance of three established scoring systems, ISTH DIC-2001, ISTH DIC-2018, and JAAM DIC, was also assessed for survival prediction and served as benchmarks for model comparison.ResultsA total of 2,766 patients were enrolled, with 699 (25.3%) diagnosed with overt DIC according to ISTH DIC-2001, 1,023 (36.9%) according to ISTH DIC-2018, and 662 (23.9%) according to JAAM DIC. The extreme gradient boosting (XGB) model outperformed others in DIC prediction (ROC-AUC: 0.848; 95% CI: 0.818–0.878; p &lt; 0.01) and mortality prediction (ROC-AUC: 0.708; 95% CI: 0.646–0.768; p &lt; 0.01). The three DIC scores predicted 30-day mortality with ROC-AUCs of 0.658 for ISTH DIC-2001, 0.692 for ISTH DIC-2018, and 0.673 for JAAM DIC.ConclusionThe results indicate that ML models, particularly the XGB model, can serve as effective tools for predicting overt DIC in critically ill CRC patients. This offers a promising approach to improving clinical decision-making in this high-risk group.
Effects of Huang-Lian-Jie-Du decoction on improving skin barrier function and modulating T helper cell differentiation in 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene-induced atopic dermatitis mice
Authors: Zhang Huiyuan , Li Quanbin , Li Yaxing , Guan Jianhua , Li Kaidi , Chen Yunlong 
Published: November 2024

Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is among the most frequently encountered skin diseases, bothering a considerable number of patients. Today, corticosteroids and antihistamines are among the numerous drugs applied for the therapy of AD. However, lengthy use of them contributes to side effects, such as physiological changes in skin. As an alternative and supplementary therapy, traditional Chinese medicine has become a trend for AD treatment. Huang-Lian-Jie-Du decoction (HLJDD), a renowned herbal formula has been employed to treat inflammatory diseases such as AD. However, its role in regulating immunity in AD remains unclear. The object of this study was to elucidate the efficacy of HLJDD and reveal the implicit mechanism from an immunological perspective in AD-like mice.Methods: In brief, 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (DNCB) for the sensitization phase (1% DNCB) and stimulation phase (1.5% DNCB) were applied for BALB/c mice. HLJDD and dexamethasone (DXMS) were administered orally to the mice. Mice skin and spleens were collected to evaluate the efficacy of HLJDD. 16S rRNA sequencing was applied to evaluate the commensal microbiota changes in skin and fecal. In vitro, spleen CD4+ T cells and bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMCs) were co-cultured to explore the modulation of HLJDD in T helper (Th) cells phenotyping.Results: HLJDD showcased a substantial amelioration in skin through the upregulation of FLG, LOR, AQP3, and reducing scratching behaviors in AD-like mice, Also, the quantity of infiltrated mast cells (MCs), pruritus-related mRNA were decreased. In addition, the expression of OX40/OX40L was decreased by HLJDD, which was critical in Th-cell phenotyping. With the treatment of HLJDD, Th1/Th2 and Th17/Treg ratios in AD-like mice became balanced. The structure of commensal microbiota in AD-like mice was affected by HLJDD. HLJDD could also improve the imbalance of Th17/Treg in vitro.Conclusion: HLJDD could improve the symptoms of AD-like mice by alleviating the scratching behaviors via decreased Th2 and pruritus-related mRNA expression. HLJDD also enhanced the relative diversity of skin microbiota and changed the structure of intestinal microbiota. An in-depth study found that HLJDD could balance the ratio of Th1/Th2, Th17/Treg in AD-like mice, and Th17/Treg in vitro by regulating the OX40/OX40L signaling pathway.
The ground reaction force pattern during walking under vestibular-demanding task with/without mastoid vibration: implication for future sensorimotor training in astronauts
Authors: Wang Zhuo , Xie Haoyu , Chien Jung Hung 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundThe Sensory Organization Test condition 5 (SOT5) assesses an astronaut’s vestibular function pre-/post-spaceflight but has a ceiling effect and mainly evaluates standing balance, neglecting the challenges of walking during space missions. A Locomotor Sensory Organization Test (LSOT) has been developed, mirroring the SOT concept but tailored to assess vestibular function during walking. This study aims to advance current knowledge by examining changes in ground reaction force (GRF) during normal walking (LSOT1) and walking in LSOT5 (vision blocked and treadmill speed varied), both with and without mastoid vibrations.MethodsSixty healthy adults were recruited and divided into two groups: one with mastoid vibration and one without. GRF peaks and respective variabilities were analyzed in the vertical (V), anterior-posterior (AP), and medial-lateral (ML) directions during stance cycles. The effects of LSOTs and mastoid vibration on each dependent variable were assessed using Friedman’s two-way analysis of variance by ranks.ResultsThe findings revealed that:1) Walking in LSOT5 increased the variabilities of GRFs regardless of the administration of mastoid vibration; 2) the application of mastoid vibration reduced the amplitude of GRF peaks; and 3) walking in LSOT5 while receiving mastoid vibration was the most challenging task compared to all other tasks in this study.ConclusionThe results indicated that analyzing GRF can detect changes in the strategy of balance control across different sensory-conflicted conditions. The findings could be beneficial for assessing the vestibular function pre- and post-space missions and planning for future sensorimotor training programs aimed at enhancing astronauts’ abilities to navigate unpredictable sensory-conflicted conditions.
Exploring the wound healing potential of dietary nitrate in diabetic rat model
Authors: Hu Xiaodan , Xu Haoyue , Bu Lingxue , Sun Jian , Deng Jiangzhi , Song Kai , Wang Lin , Pang Baoxing 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionThe wound healing in diabetes is hindered and prolonged due to long-term inflammation, oxidative stress damage, and angiogenesis disorders induced by high glucose status. The management of such difficult-to-treat wounds continues to pose a significant challenge in clinical treatment. Dietary nitrate, commonly found in greens such as beets and spinach, acts as a nutritional supplement and is metabolized in the body through the salivary nitrate-nitrite-NO pathway. This pathway plays a crucial role in various physiological functions, including enhancing blood flow and attenuating inflammation.MethodsIn this study, we established a diabetic rat wound model. Forty-eight rats were randomly divided into six groups (n = 8): the Con group, the Con + Nitrate group, the STZ group, the STZ + NaCl group, the STZ + rhEGF group, and the STZ + Nitrate group. Skin wound healing was assessed on the day of surgery and on postoperative days 3, 7, 10, and 14. Specimens were taken on days 7 and 14 post-surgery for relevant tests.ResultsWe found that dietary nitrate could accelerate skin wound healing by promoting angiogenesis and increasing blood perfusion. Significantly, dietary nitrate also regulated glucose and lipid metabolism and exhibited anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.DiscussionThese findings provide a novel theoretical basis for managing wounds in diabetic individuals, indicating the broad potential of dietary nitrate in future clinical applications.
Genome expression analysis of basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors in Sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.)
Authors: Zhang Jiajia , Du Gaigai , Zhang Guoyun , Zhang Jianguo , Diao Songfeng 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionThe basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor family is one of the largest gene families in plants, extensively involved in plant growth, organ development, and stress responses. However, limited studies of this family are available in sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides).MethodsIn this study, we identified 144 bHLH genes in H. rhamnoides (HrbHLH) through a genome-wide search method, then explored their DNA and protein sequences and physicochemical properties.Results and discussionAccording to the sequence similarities, we classified them into 15 groups with specific motif structures. To explore their expressions, we performed gene expression profiling using RNA-Seq and identified 122 HrbHLH mRNAs were highly expressed, while the remaining 22 HrbHLH genes were expressed at very low levels in all 21 samples. Among these HrbHLH genes, HrbHLH47, HrbHLH74, HrbHLH90, HrbHLH131 showed the highest expression level in the root nodule, root, leaf, stem and fruit tissues. Furthermore, eleven HrbHLH genes displayed increased expressions during the fruit development process of sea buckthorn. Finally, we validated the expression patterns of HrbHLH genes using reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR (QPCR). This comprehensive analysis provides a useful esource that enables further investigation of the physiological roles and molecular functions of the HrbHLH TFs.
Correlation between benefit finding and caregiving abilities among family caregivers of patients with lung cancer: a network analysis
Authors: Lin Xiaoyuan , Xie Haidan , Chen Ziqing , Zhao Qi , Zhou Xiaozhou 
Published: November 2024

ObjectiveThis study aimed to construct a network analysis model for benefit finding (BF) and caregiving abilities to clarify the interrelationships and mutual influences among different dimensions and propose nursing strategies.MethodsConvenience sampling was used to select 272 family caregivers of patients with lung cancer admitted to a tertiary hospital in Guangzhou City, China, from April 2023 to November 2023. Socio-demographic and disease characteristics questionnaire, the revised BF Scale, and the Family Caregiver Task Inventory (FCTI) were used for data collection. The R software was used to construct networks for BF and caregiving abilities, and network analysis methods were employed to identify network characteristics, core nodes, and bridge nodes.ResultsIn the overall network, the social relationship dimension (rs = 3.04) exhibited the highest strength centrality index, followed by the family relationship dimension (rs = 2.94). In addition, the social relationship dimension (rbs = 0.30) had the highest bridge strength centrality index, followed by the dimension of addressing personal emotional needs (rbs = 0.26).ConclusionThis study provides a new perspective on exploring the underlying mechanisms of interaction among different dimensions of BF and caregiving abilities in family caregivers of patients with lung cancer using network analysis. The findings suggest that healthcare professionals can improve family caregivers’ social relationships, family relationships and address emotion regulation to enhance BF and caregiving abilities. Specific nursing strategies are proposed, offering new intervention targets for enhancing BF and caregiving abilities among family caregivers of patients with lung cancer.
Prosocial behavior associated with trait mindfulness, psychological capital and moral identity among medical students: a moderated mediation model
Authors: Liu Nana , Cao Yanjun , Xu Haibo 
Published: November 2024

PurposeAs future doctors, medical students’ prosocial behaviors may affect the relationship between doctors and patients. This study aims to explore the effects of trait mindfulness on prosocial behaviors, as well as the mediating role of psychological capital and the moderating role of moral identity among medical students.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted between July and October 2023 across four medical colleges in China, using cluster random sampling. The questionnaire included general demographic information, the Prosocial Tendencies Measurement Scale, the Five-Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire, the Psychological Capital Questionnaire, and the Moral Identity Scale. The SPSS 25.0 and PROCESS v3.4 macro were used for descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and mediation and moderation analyses.ResultsA total of 2,285 samples were included. The analyses showed that prosocial behavior was positively correlated with trait mindfulness, psychological capital, and moral identity (r = 0.293, 0.444, and 0.528, p &lt; 0.01); trait mindfulness predicts prosocial behavior (β = 0.292, 95% CI [0.253, 0.332]); and psychological capital played a partial mediation role between trait mindfulness and prosocial behaviors (β = 0.413, 95% CI [0.368, 0.459]). Furthermore, moral identity played the moderating roles between trait mindfulness and prosocial behavior (β = 0.049, 95% CI [0.011, 0.087]) and between PsyCap and prosocial behavior (β = 0.062, 95% CI [0.032, 0.092]).ConclusionTrait mindfulness, psychological capital, and moral identity are conducive to the development of medical students’ prosocial behavior. These findings provide evidence for the cultivation of prosocial behaviors and for the development of mental health courses, which should be tailored to medical students.
The impact of visual search in Chinese children with developmental dyslexia on reading comprehension: the mediating role of word detection skill and reading fluency
Authors: Meng Hu , Yao Ru , Zhang Pan , Wang Jialei , Zhang Yajing 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionPrevious research has highlighted the influence of visual search (VS) on reading comprehension (RC); however, the underlying mechanisms of this effect remain poorly understood, particularly in children with reading disabilities. This study explores disparities in VS, word detection skills (WD), reading fluency (RF), and RC between Chinese children with developmental dyslexia (DD) and their typically developing peers across different age groups.MethodsThe sample comprised 191 students from grades 2, 4, and 6, including 92 children with dyslexia and 99 chronological age-matched controls. Variance analysis was used to examine differences in VS, WD, RF, and RC performance. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed to assess the relationships among these variables.ResultsChildren with DD performed significantly worse than their typically developing peers on VS and RC tasks, with the most notable differences emerging in the middle and higher grades. Additionally, children with DD showed weaker WD skills and RF, with these disparities evident across all grade levels. SEM indicated that VS directly influences RC, with WD and RF serving as mediators in the relationship between VS and RC.DiscussionThese findings elucidate the complex interplay between visual processing and linguistic skills in reading development, particularly within the Chinese language context. The study underscores the importance of targeted interventions for children with dyslexia, emphasizing strategies that address the unique challenges these learners face in Chinese reading environments.
Exploring mental health literacy and formal and informal help-seeking intentions among Palestinian adolescents in Israel: insights from the MHLS-Arabic-adolescents tool
Authors: Abo-Rass Fareeda 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundMental health literacy (MHL) is a crucial concept in mental health because it promotes positive mental health outcomes and behaviors across various demographics, including adolescents.AimsThis study utilized the MHLS-Arabic-Adolescents tool to investigate MHL among Palestinian adolescents in Israel, aiming to explore its significance in determining intentions to seek formal and informal mental health help separately.MethodsA cohort of 172 adolescents (with a mean age of 16.25 ± 1.25 years, comprising 64% females) completed assessments measuring their intention for both formal and informal help-seeking, levels of psychological distress, MHL, and various sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. This study uses the same dataset from previous research on formal help-seeking, with an expanded focus on informal help-seeking and MHL using an adapted tool.ResultsParticipants reported medium to high levels of MHL factors, demonstrating stronger intentions to seek informal help compared to formal. “Knowledge of where to seek information” and “Attitude toward mental illness” emerged as the significant MHL factors determining formal help-seeking intentions, whereas ‘attitudes toward mental illness’ was identified as the sole determinant of intentions to seek informal help.ConclusionsThis study highlights the importance of MHL factors in shaping adolescents’ intentions to seek formal and informal mental health help. It emphasizes the need to strengthen informal support networks, improve adolescents’ attitudes toward mental illness, and facilitate access to mental health information. These insights offer valuable guidance for intervention programs aimed at promoting both formal and informal help-seeking behaviors among Palestinian Arab adolescents in Israel and similar groups.
Screening and verification of differentially expressed serum proteins in children with severe adenovirus pneumonia
Authors: Gao Zheng-Xiang , Xu Hong , Yang Qu , Xie Liang , Chen Li-Na , Liu Han-Min 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundHuman adenoviruses are prevalent pathogens that cause severe acute respiratory infections. The clinical presentation of the adenoviral pneumonia is varied; in severe cases, they may cause systemic multi-system damages. Currently, early clinical differential diagnosis is difficult under the existing testing methods, the study identified potential biomarkers by screening and validating differentially expressed proteins (DEPs), and aimed at distinguishing between severe and non-severe adenovirus pneumonia in children aged &lt;14 years.MethodsDEPs were identified using data-independent acquisition (DIA) quantitative proteomics technology, and potential biomarkers were further validated using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).ResultsTwenty-seven identical DEPs were found in patients with severe adenovirus pneumonia. Among these, 10 were downregulated, and 17 were upregulated. In the protein–protein interaction network, five proteins were located at the center of the functional network. Among these, E-selectin showed significantly higher serum expression levels in the severe adenoviral pneumonia group than in adenoviral pneumonia and control groups (p &lt; 0.001). ELISA results were consistent with the proteomic analyses. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for E-selectin revealed a sensitivity of 79.31% and a specificity of 96.55%, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.92.ConclusionE-selectin has potential as a novel biomarker for severe adenoviral pneumonia, and offers insights for improved diagnosis and clinical management.
Resistin concentrations in perivascular adipose tissue as a highly sensitive marker of smoking status in patients with advanced coronary artery disease requiring coronary artery bypass grafting
Authors: Rachwalik Maciej , Sareło Przemysław , Obremska Marta , Matusiewicz Małgorzata , Sett Kaung Sithu , Czapla Michał , Jasiński Marek , Hurkacz Magdalena 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundSmoking is a significant risk factor for numerous diseases, including coronary artery disease (CAD). Chronic inflammation from smoking affects endothelial function and may alter adipokine secretion, particularly resistin, in perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT). This study investigated the association between resistin concentrations in PVAT and smoking status in CAD patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).MethodsThe study included 110 patients with advanced CAD scheduled for CABG. Patients were categorized into never-smokers and ever-smokers, with the latter further divided into current and past smokers. Resistin concentrations in PVAT and plasma, along with plasma interleukin-6 (IL-6) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) concentrations, were measured using ELISA.ResultSignificant differences in PVAT resistin concentrations were observed between never-smokers and ever-smokers (p &lt; 0.0001), as well as between never-smokers and both current (p &lt; 0.0001) and past smokers (p &lt; 0.0001). PVAT resistin concentrations correlated positively with the number of pack-years (p &lt; 0.0001) and plasma resistin (p &lt; 0.0001) and IL-6 concentrations (p &lt; 0.0001). Plasma resistin, IL-6, and hs-CRP concentrations were higher in ever-smokers compared with never-smokers. Multiple regression analysis indicated that smoking is significantly correlated with higher PVAT resistin concentrations, with increased pack-years (p = 0.0002), higher plasma resistin concentrations (p &lt; 0.0001), and IL-6 concentrations (p &lt; 0.0001), all contributing to elevated PVAT resistin.ConclusionSmoking status in advanced CAD patients requiring CABG is positively associated with PVAT resistin concentrations, with a clear demonstration of dose-dependency.