bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimism may moderate screening mammogram frequency in Medicare
Authors: Progovac Ana M. , Pettinger Mary , Donohue Julie M. , Chang Chung-Chou H. (Joyce) , Matthews Karen A. , Habermann Elizabeth B. , Kuller Lewis H. , Rosal Milagros C. , Li Wenjun , Garcia Lorena , Tindle Hilary A. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Higher trait optimism and/or lower cynical hostility are associated with healthier behaviors and lower risk of morbidity and mortality, yet their association with health care utilization has been understudied. Whether these psychological attitudes are associated with breast cancer screening behavior is unknown. To assess the association of optimism and cynical hostility with screening mammography in older women and whether sociodemographic factors acted as mediators of these relationships, we used Women's Health Initiative (WHI) observational cohort survey data linked to Medicare claims. The sample includes WHI participants without history of breast cancer who were enrolled in Medicare Parts A and B for ≥2 years from 2005–2010, and who completed WHI baseline attitudinal questionnaires (n = 48,291). We used survival modeling to examine whether screening frequency varied by psychological attitudes (measured at study baseline) after adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, health conditions, and healthcare-related variables. Psychological attitudes included trait optimism (Life Orientation Test-Revised) and cynical hostility (Cook Medley subscale), which were self-reported at study baseline. Sociodemographic, health conditions, and healthcare variables were self-reported at baseline and updated through 2005 as available. Contrary to our hypotheses, repeated events survival models showed that women with the lowest optimism scores (i.e., more pessimistic tendencies) received 5% more frequent screenings after complete covariate adjustment (p < .01) compared to the most optimistic group, and showed no association between cynical hostility and frequency of screening mammograms. Sociodemographic factors did not appear to mediate the relationship between optimism and screenings. However, higher levels of education and higher levels of income were associated with more frequent screenings (both p < .01). We also found that results for optimism were primarily driven by women who were aged 75 or older after January 2009, when changes to clinical guidelines lead to uncertainty about risks and benefits of screening in this age group. The study demonstrated that lower optimism, higher education, and higher income were all associated with more frequent screening mammograms in this sample after repeated events survival modeling and covariate adjustment.
Hepatosplenic brucella abscesses on computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Guo Hui , Wang Yan , Yang Yuxin , Liu Wenya 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Introduction:
Because of its infrequent and the lack of clinical data and image finding, the management of acute infections with the hepatosplenic brucella abscesses is challenging.
Methods: There were 10 serologically diagnosed cases with this brucella infection. All patients had fever, 50% patients had upper abdominal pain. Ninety percent patients lived in an urban environment. The localization of lesions included: 30% hepatosplenic, 30% liver, and 40% spleen.

Results:
Abdominal computed tomography (CT) scans and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated hepatosplenomegaly, with multiple small abscess lesions of various sizes in the acute stage of brucellosis, with the largest diameter of 1.5 cm in the liver. After contrast-enhanced CT and MRI findings, the arterial phase in which the enhancing area of lesions was thick, revealed multifocal hypodense or hypointense lesions of various sizes. These lesions manifested distinct boundary, which was intensified obviously in portal venous phase.

Conclusion:
Our results indicate that early CT or MRI dynamic contrast enhancement of suspected cases could improve rapid diagnosis. However, diagnostic criteria remain problematic and diagnosis is mostly based on a combination of clinical suspicion, serologic markers, and radiologic findings.
Severe bradycardia caused by the deviation of the laryngeal mask airway Supreme
Authors: Zhao Zhuang , Pan Shu , Yan Na , Wang Dunwei , Li Zhiwen 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Classic laryngeal mask airway (LMA) has long been used for airway management. The LMA Supreme is a modified single-use version of the LMA Proseal, but it still remains some deficits such as the instable positioning that lead to easily sliding and the mask bowl full of air might lead to the reduced blood flow of the internal carotid artery. The carotid sinus is a baroreceptor that responds to the stretching of the arterial wall. Manual pressure of the carotid artery at the upper margin of the sternocleidomastoid muscle provoked bradycardia and hypotension.

Patient concerns:
A previously fit and well 42-year-old woman presented with breast fibroma on the left side. No other disease history could be recorded. Her family history was negative for neuromuscular and autoimmune disease.

Diagnoses:
The patient suffered from a severe bradycardia and hypotension when the LMA showed a shift. We presented with a hypothetical that the dislocated LMA may cause carotid sinus syndrome (CSS).

Interventions:
The patient's heart rate (HR) gradually rosed up as soon as the LMA adjusted back to the normal position.

Outcomes:
The patient was comfortable in the post anesthesia care unit (PACU) and had no adverse sequelae.

Lessons:
The position of LMA Supreme should be confirmed throughout the surgery especially for the ones who has changed the position and the head was covered by surgical drapes.
Incidence of recurrent fungal keratitis after primary keratoplasty and visual outcome and prognosis after intervention for the recurrence
Authors: Gong Yuerong , Xin Meng 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
There are no standardized protocols or guidelines for the treatment of recurrent fungal keratitis after therapeutic keratoplasty. This study aimed to investigate the incidence of recurrent fungal keratitis after the primary keratoplasty and the visual outcome and prognosis after intervention for the recurrence.
This was a retrospective study. Patients with recurrent fungal keratitis after lamellar keratoplasty (LK) or penetrating keratoplasty (PK) were treated with different antifungal regimens at Shandong Eye Hospital and Qingdao Eye Hospital between Januray 2004 and December 2015. The operative techniques included PK, focal excision, tectonic keratoplasty with a patch graft, lensectomy and vitrectomy, and combined operation. Patients were followed at 1, 2, and 3 months, and then every 6 months after surgery for 2 years. Best corrected visual acuity was assessed and recurrence was recorded. Good prognosis was defined as the presence of visual acuity.
Fungal keratitis recurred in 112 of 1448 patients (112/1448, 7.7%) treated initially with PK or LK. The good prognosis rates for different sites of recurrent fungal keratitis were: overall, 93 of 112 (83.0%); recipient bed, 64 of 69 (92.8%); anterior chamber, 14 of 14 (100%); posterior segment, 10 of 16 (62.5%); and atypical, 5 of 13 (38.5%). There was no significant difference in the timing of recurrence between the good and poor prognosis groups (P = .518). Recurrence rates were similar between patients with PK (8.6%) and those with LK (6.0%; P > .05), but the good prognosis rate in patients with post-LK recurrence (96.8%) was higher than that in patients with post-PK recurrence (77.8%, P = .017).
Individualized treatment according to recurrent sites of fungal keratitis can achieve a good prognosis in most patients.
Antibiotic resistance profiles and multidrug resistance patterns of Streptococcus pneumoniae in pediatrics
Authors: Wang Cai-yun , Chen Ying-Hu , Fang Chao , Zhou Ming-ming , Xu Hong-mei , Jing Chun-mei , Deng Hui-ling , Cai Hui-jun , Jia Kai , Han Shu-zhen , Yu Hui , Wang Ai-min , Yin Dan-dan , Wang Chuan-qing , Wang Wei , Huang Wei-chun , Deng Ji-kui , Zhao Rui-zhen , Chen Yi-ping , Yang Ji-Hong , Wang Chun , Che Yan-ran , Nie Xiu-zhen , Wang Shi-fu , Hao Jian-hua , Zhang Cong-hui 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Emergent resistance to antibiotics among Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates is a severe problem worldwide. Antibiotic resistance profiles for S pneumoniae isolates identified from pediatric patients in mainland China remains to be established.
The clinical features, antimicrobial resistance, and multidrug resistance patterns of S pneumoniae were retrospectively analyzed at 10 children's hospitals in mainland China in 2016.
Among the collected 6132 S pneumoniae isolates, pneumococcal diseases mainly occurred in children younger than 5 years old (85.1%). The resistance rate of S pneumoniae to clindamycin, erythromycin, tetracycline, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole was 95.8%, 95.2%, 93.6%, and 66.7%, respectively. The resistance rates of S pneumoniae to penicillin were 86.9% and 1.4% in non-meningitis and meningitis isolates, while the proportions of ceftriaxone resistance were 8.2% and 18.1%, respectively. Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine was administered to only 4.1% of patients. Penicillin and ceftriaxone resistance, underling diseases, antibiotic resistant risk factors, and poor prognosis appeared more frequently in invasive pneumococcal diseases. The incidence of multidrug resistance (MDR) was 46.1% in patients with invasive pneumococcal disease which was more than in patients with non-invasive pneumococcal disease (18.3%). Patients with invasive pneumococcal disease usually have several MDR coexistence.

S pneumoniae isolates showed high resistance to common antibiotics in mainland China. Penicillin and ceftriaxone resistance rate of invasive streptococcal pneumonia patients were significantly higher than that of non-invasive S pneumoniae patients. Alarmingly, 46.1% of invasive clinical isolates were multidrug resistant, so it is important to continued monitor the resistance of S pneumoniae when protein conjugate vaccine (PCV13) is coming in mainland China.
Case report: right-sided native endocarditis presenting with multiple abscess formations [care compliant]
Authors: Chan Tsung-Yu , Hsieh Chih-Chia , Chen Chien-Liang , Huang Yao-Yi , Chuang Chia-Chang 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Introduction:
Right-sided native endocarditis is a difficult case with fewer cardiac symptoms and fewer classic signs of cutaneous vascular lesions compared with left-sided endocarditis.

Patient concerns:
A 68-year-old Taiwanese man with a history of gouty arthritis, hyperlipidemia, and adrenal insufficiency presented to our ED and complained dyspnea and low back pain for 1 month.

Diagnosis assessment:
The PE showed bilateral crackles on chest auscultation and a palpable fluctuant mass over the anterior chest wall. The chest and abdominal CT scan showed multiple abscess formations involving pulmonary, sternal, and paraspinal areas. The TEE being performed and an oscillating mass over the anterior and septal leaflets of the tricuspid valve and moderate tricuspid regurgitation.

Interventions:
Only pharmacologic treatment without surgical interventions.

Outcomes:
Deceased, patient expired on day 4 after ED visit.

Conclusion:
This case arose as a sequela of staphylococcal endocarditis associated with persistent bacteremia and immunological dysregulation. The diagnosis of right-sided endocarditis is easily missing, multidisciplinary approach should be triggered as soon as possible, which might lead to a better outcome. Right-sided IE is still an important public health issue in southern Taiwan.
Uni-center, patient-blinded, randomized, 12-month, parallel group, noninferiority study to compare outcomes of 3-row vs 2-row circular staplers for colorectal anastomosis formation after low anterior resection for rectal cancer
Authors: Nekliudov Nikita A. , Tsarkov Petr V. , Tulina Inna A. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Background:
Colorectal anastomotic leakage (AL) is one of the most serious complications in rectal cancer surgery due to its negative impact on the overall as well as cancer-specific survival. Two-row stapling technique has become standard in low anterior resections (LARs), but has neither alleviated the morbidity, nor reduced the incidence of AL. This is the 1st study that aims to compare the success rate of new 3-row circular staplers compared to that of conventional 2-row staplers in a prospective, randomized clinical trial.

Methods:
The THREESTAPLER trial (Clinical Trials NCT03910699) is a prospective, noninferiority, 2-armed, parallel-group, patient and outcomes assessor blinded study with a 1:1 allocation ratio. Colorectal anastomosis will be formed using Ethicon 29 mm Curved Intraluminal Stapler (CDH29A) in the active comparator group, and using Mirus Disposable Circular Stapler 3 Row 29 (MCS-29R3) in the experimental group. The hypothesis states that the incidence of AL in the 3-row stapler group is at least not higher than in the 2-row stapler group. Assuming there is a difference in success rate of 12% and noninferiority margin Δ = 5%, 154 patients will be required to achieve statistical significance. An interim analysis will be performed after recruitment of 20 patients per group to assess safety profile of 3-row circular staplers. The primary endpoint is the rate of AL, documented by imaging studies, assessed with Pearson Chi-squared test and Fisher exact test. The secondary outcomes include severity of AL (A, B, or C), anastomotic bleeding, postoperative complication rate graded with the Clavien–Dindo classification, reintervention rate, stapler dysfunction rate, complications of defunctioning stoma, overall and cancer-specific quality of life, assessed with short form (36) and quality-of-life questionnaire core 30 questionnaires, respectively, fecal incontinence assessed with Cleveland clinic incontinence score form, and manifestation of LAR syndrome. All patients will be monitored for 12 months following the LAR.

Discussion:
This is the 1st prospective randomized trial to assess the safety profile of 3-row staplers for colorectal anastomosis after LAR for rectal cancer. It may provide evidence of feasibility of 3-row circular staplers in LAR with respect to short-term and long-term patient outcomes.
Trial registration: NCT03910699 on 10 April 2019
Clinical efficacy and safety of percutaneous coronary intervention for acute myocardial infarction complicated with chronic renal insufficiency
Authors: Luo Liang , Xu Wen-Qing , Zhong Ri-Xiang , Chen Feng , Fu You-Lin , Zhang Peng , Xiao Shi-Hui 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Background:
The aim of this research is to further evaluate the efficacy and safety of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) complicated with chronic renal insufficiency (CRI) by meta-analysis, to provide scientific and effective medical evidence for PCI in patients with AMI complicated with CRI, and to support the clinical application of PCI.

Methods:
Electronic databases will be searched, including PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, CNKI, CBM, VIP, and Wanfang Data. Patients with AMI complicated by renal insufficiency treated with PCI will be included. The retrieval time is from inception to January 2019. The inclusion and exclusion criteria are formulated to search only the relevant literature. Endnote software management for literature will be adopted. The literature will be independently screened by 2 researchers. Excel 2016 will be applied to extract literature data with the “Research Information Registration Form.” The final selected literature will be assessed for bias risk. Stata 12.0 software will be used for the meta-analysis.

Results:
The systematic evaluation and meta-analysis will be carried out strictly in accordance with the requirements of the Cochrane System Evaluator Manual 5.3 on meta-analyses, which will provide a high-quality evaluation of the clinical efficacy and safety of PCI in patients with AMI and CRI.

Ethics and dissemination:
This study belongs to the category of systematic reviews, not clinical trials. Therefore, it does not require ethical approval. The results of this study will be published in influential international academic journals related to this topic.

Conclusion:
PCI is an effective and safe treatment for patients with AMI and CRI. This study will provide a definite evidence-based medical conclusion and provide a scientific basis for the clinical treatment of patients with AMI and CRI.

PROSPERO registration number:
CRD42019131367.
Integrative bioinformatics analysis of miRNA and mRNA expression profiles and identification of associated miRNA-mRNA network in aortic dissection
Authors: Su Yiming , Li Qiyi , Zheng Zhiyong , Wei Xiaomin , Hou Peiyong 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Background:
Aortic dissection (AD) is one of the most lethal cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to identify core genes and pathways revealing pathogenesis in AD.

Methods:
We screened differentially expressed mRNAs and miRNAs using mRNA and miRNA expression profile data of AD from Gene Expression Omnibus. Then functional and pathway enrichment analyses of differential expression genes (DEGs) was performed utilizing the database for annotation, visualization, and integrated discovery (DAVID). Target genes with differential expression miRNAs (DEMIs) were predicted using the miRWalk database, and the intersection between these predictions and DEGs was selected as differentially expressed miRNA-target genes. In addition, a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network and miRNA-mRNA regulatory network were constructed.

Results:
In total, 130 DEGs and 47 DEMIs were identified from mRNA and miRNA microarray, respectively, and 45 DEGs were DEMI-target genes. The PPI and miRNA-mRNA network included 79 node genes and 74 node genes, respectively, while 23 hub genes and 2 hub miRNAs were identified. The DEGs, PPI and modules differential expression miRNA-target genes were all mainly enriched in cell cycle, cell proliferation and cell apoptosis signaling pathways.

Conclusion:
Taken above, the study reveals some candidate genes and pathways potentially involving molecular mechanisms of AD. These findings provide a new insight for research and treatment of AD.
Community-acquired respiratory viruses
Authors: Dominguez Fernando , Blodget Emily 
Published: June 2019

Purpose of review
Community-acquired respiratory viruses (CARV) have been historically linked to upper respiratory tract infections; however, new data has emerged in recent years that has provided new insight into their role as causative pathogens for lower respiratory tract infections. We aim to discuss the importance of recognition of viruses both epidemiologically and clinically as causes of lower respiratory tract infection.

Recent findings
With advances of molecular testing it is now possible to identify viruses from clinical specimens which have many implications that range from therapeutics to antibiotic stewardship. Recent studies suggest that most of the cases of community-acquired pneumonia are caused by viruses, which corresponds to a paradigm shift for most clinicians.

Summary
As community-acquired lower respiratory infections are the most common cause of ICU admission in the USA, it is important for medical providers to be aware of the association with viruses, especially in patients with immunosuppression because of solid organ transplant and hematologic malignancies when sometimes diagnosis can be challenging and patients can be exposed to unnecessary antibiotics.
Relationship Between Impulsivity and Clinical and Sociodemographic Variables Among Lebanese Patients With Bipolar Disorder
Authors: Azzam Patrick , Obeid Sahar , Haddad Chadia , Kazour Francois , Nabbout Rita , Hallit Souheil , Azar Jocelyne 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Impulsivity is a psychiatric symptom that seems to be more prevalent in some mental disorders such as bipolar disorders (BDs). It is a trait that seems to be influenced by many clinical and sociodemographic variables across BD. To examine the relationship between impulsivity and these variables, we performed a cross-sectional study on 50 patients diagnosed with BD and 50 healthy subjects. Both groups were administered the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale; the Structural Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition, for borderline personality disorder; the Beirut District Scale; and the Athens Insomnia Scale to assess impulsivity, borderline personality disorder, psychological distress, and sleep disturbances, respectively. A significantly higher nonplanning impulsivity (p = 0.001), motor impulsivity (p < 0.0001), total impulsivity (p < 0.0001), body mass index (p < 0.0001), and insomnia (p = 0.002) were found in subjects with BDs compared with healthy ones. Exposure to violence (odds ratio [OR] = 7.63), the loss of a parent (OR = 3.83), being a current smoker (OR = 14.56), and a higher motor impulsivity score (OR = 1.27) were all significantly associated with the presence of BD. Impulsivity was shown to be strongly associated with the presence of a diagnosis of BD, and further studies are warranted to fully characterize it through the course of the illness.
Presenting to the Emergency Department Versus Clinic-Based Sexually Transmitted Disease Care Locations for Testing for Chlamydia and Gonorrhea: A Spatial Exploration
Authors: Bergquist Eleanor Peters , Trolard Anne , Fox Branson , Sebert Kuhlmann Anne , Loux Travis , Liang Stephen Y. , Stoner Bradley P. , Reno Hilary 
Published: June 2019

Background
Rates of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) including chlamydia and gonorrhea are increasing in the United States while public health funding for STD services is decreasing. Individuals seek care in various locations including the emergency department (ED). The objective of this study is to investigate whether there are more physically proximal clinic-based STD care locations available to individuals who present to the ED in a major metropolitan area.

Methods
Addresses of EDs, clinics, and patients 13 years or older in St. Louis City or County given a nucleic acid amplification test and assigned an STD diagnosis (n = 6100) were geocoded. R was used to analyze clinics within 5 radii from the patients' home address and assess missed clinic opportunities (open, no charge, with walk-in availability) for those living in an urban versus suburban area.

Results
In urban areas, 99.1% of individuals lived closer to a clinic than the ED where they sought STD services; in suburban areas, 82.2% lived closer to a clinic than the ED where they presented. In the region, 50.6% lived closer to the health department-based STD care location than the hospital where they presented. Up to a third of ED patient visits for STD care could have occurred at a clinic that was closer to the patient's home address, open, no charge, and available for walk-in appointments.

Conclusions
Clinic availability is present for most of the individuals in our study. Clinics providing STD services can increase advertising efforts to increase public awareness of the services which they provide.