bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Balloon assisted translocation of the mitral anterior leaflet to prevent left ventricular outflow obstruction (BATMAN): A novel technique for patients undergoing transcatheter mitral valve replacement
Authors: Helmy Tarek , Hui Dawn S. , Smart Steve , Lim Michael J. , Lee Richard 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIntroductionTranscatheter mitral valve replacement (TMVR) is an option for patients at high risk for mitral valve replacement or repair via sternotomy or left thoracotomy approach. TMVR carries up to 22% risk of left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction. Severe LVOT obstruction can have devastating hemodynamic and clinical consequences.HypothesisWe previously presented a novel technique to prevent LVOT obstruction during transapical retrograde mitral valve replacement, by penetrating and ballooning the anterior mitral leaflet (AML), resulting in creation of a “hole” and posterior translocation of AML, then deploying the valve.MethodsThree patients underwent TMVR at Saint Louis University for severe mitral regurgitation after being deemed too high risk for surgery, and not candidates for a Mitra‐clip procedure. These patients were deemed to be at risk for LVOT obstruction based on the preprocedural evaluation. Via transapical approach, a needle was advanced “through,” perforating the AML and wire was placed in the left atrium. Over the wire, an 20‐mm valvuloplasty balloon was positioned “within” the anterior leaflet and inflated leading to translocation of the AMVL. Then the valve was deployed.ResultsThis novel technique has been performed on three patients at our institution. Sapien S3 transcatheter valves were used in all three patients, with 100% procedural success rate. Intraoperative TEE demonstrated no significant LVOT obstruction, cardiopulmonary bypass time was 42–44 min.ConclusionThe balloon assisted translocation of the mitral anterior leaflet to prevent left ventricular outflow obstruction technique described here may offer the option of transcatheter mitral valve implantation in patients at high risk of LVOT obstruction. A variation of this technique to allow application in cases with transseptal approach is under investigation.
Perfluoro Alkyl Hypofluorites and Peroxides Revisited
Authors: Nissen Jan H. , Drews Thomas , Schröder Benjamin , Beckers Helmut , Steinhauer Simon , Riedel Sebastian 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA more convenient synthesis of the perfluoro alkyl hypofluorite (F3C)3COF as well as the hitherto unknown (C2F5)(F3C)2COF compound is reported. Both hypofluorites can be prepared by use of the corresponding tertiary alcohols RFOH and elemental fluorine in the presence of CsF. An appropriate access to these highly reactive hypofluorites is crucial. The hypofluorites are then transferred into their corresponding perfluoro bisalkyl peroxides RFOORF[RF=(F3C)3C, (C2F5)(F3C)2C] by treatment with partially fluorinated silver wool. NMR, gas‐phase infrared, and solid‐state Raman spectra of the perfluoro bisalkyl peroxides are presented and their chemical properties are discussed.
Photo‐isomerization of the Cyanine Dye Alexa‐Fluor 647 (AF‐647) in the Context of dSTORM Super‐Resolution Microscopy
Authors: Karlsson Joshua K. G. , Laude Alex , Hall Michael J. , Harriman Anthony 
Published: September 2019

AbstractCyanine dyes, as used in super‐resolution fluorescence microscopy, undergo light‐induced “blinking”, enabling localization of fluorophores with spatial resolution beyond the optical diffraction limit. Despite a plethora of studies, the molecular origins of this blinking are not well understood. Here, we examine the photophysical properties of a bio‐conjugate cyanine dye (AF‐647), used extensively in dSTORM imaging. In the absence of a potent sacrificial reductant, light‐induced electron transfer and intermediates formed via the metastable, triplet excited state are considered unlikely to play a significant role in the blinking events. Instead, it is found that, under conditions appropriate to dSTORM microscopy, AF‐647 undergoes reversible photo‐induced isomerization to at least two long‐lived dark species. These photo‐isomers are characterized spectroscopically and their interconversion probed by computational means. The first‐formed isomer is light sensitive and transforms to a longer‐lived species in modest yield that could be involved in dSTORM related blinking. Permanent photobleaching of AF‐647 occurs with very low quantum yield and is partially suppressed by the anaerobic redox buffer.
Bile duct involvement by hepatocellular carcinoma: A rare occurrence and poor prognostic indicator in bile duct brushing samples
Authors: Bhattarai Shristi , Graham Rondell P. , Sigel Carlie S. , Shi Jiaqi , Gonzalez Raul S. , Xue Yue , Krasinskas Alyssa M. , HooKim Kim , Adsay Volkan , Reid Michelle D. 
Published: September 2019

BackgroundHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) rarely involves the biliary tree and may be inadvertently sampled on bile duct brushings (BDBs).MethodsThe pathology archives of 5 institutions were searched for BDBs with HCC involvement.ResultsA total of 17 BDBs from 14 patients were obtained. There was a male:female ratio of 6:1; the median age of the patients was 59.5 years (range, 22‐80 years). The median hepatic tumor size was 6.2 cm (range, 2.2‐13.0 cm). HCC risk factors included viral hepatitis (5 patients), cirrhosis (5 patients), hemochromatosis (1 patient), and alcoholic steatohepatitis (1 patient). Jaundice with elevated bilirubin, liver enzymes, and α‐fetoprotein was common. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography demonstrated bile duct dilatation, polypoid intraductal masses (5 samples), clots/debris (2 samples), or strictures (4 samples). All BDBs had single and clustered large cells with naked atypical nuclei, granular cytoplasm, high nuclear/cytoplasmic ratios, and nuclei with prominent macronucleoli. Less common findings included clear/microvesicular cytoplasm (35%), papillae (29%), and anisonucleosis (35%). Classic HCC features (widened trabeculae [35%], endothelial wrapping [24%], multinucleation [24%], and cytoplasmic bile pigment [35%]) were uncommon. A total of 11 BDBs were diagnosed as malignant (10 with HCC and 1 with cholangiocarcinoma), 2 were diagnosed as atypical, and 1 BDB was diagnosed as negative; approximately two‐thirds were found to have polysomy on fluorescence in situ hybridization. Approximately 71% of patients died of disease at a median of 3.5 months.ConclusionsHCC may extend into the intrahepatic and/or extrahepatic biliary tree, causing masses and/or strictures that may be sampled on BDB. Although cytologically malignant, the classic features of HCC are uncommon, which can cause misdiagnosis. Cytopathologists should be mindful of this differential when evaluating BDBs, particularly when concomitant liver masses and/or HCC risk factors are present. Because of the associated high mortality and rapid rate of death, its presence should be conveyed clearly in pathology reports.
An assessment of blast modelling techniques for injury biomechanics research
Authors: Yu Xiancheng , Ghajari Mazdak 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBlast‐induced traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been affecting combatants and civilians. The blast pressure wave is thought to have a significant contribution to blast‐related TBI. Due to the limitations and difficulties of conducting blast tests on surrogates, computational modelling has been used as a key method for exploring this field. However, the blast wave modelling methods reported in current literature have drawbacks. They either cannot generate the desirable blast pressure wave history or they are unable to accurately simulate the blast wave/structure interaction. In addition, boundary conditions, which can have significant effects on model predictions, have not been described adequately. Here, we critically assess the commonly used methods for simulating blast wave propagation in air (open‐field blast) and its interaction with the human body. We investigate the predicted blast wave time history, blast wave transmission, and the effects of various boundary conditions in three‐dimensional (3D) models of blast prediction. We propose a suitable meshing topology, which enables accurate prediction of blast wave propagation and interaction with the human head and significantly decreases the computational cost in 3D simulations. Finally, we predict strain and strain rate in the human brain during blast wave exposure and show the influence of the blast wave modelling methods on the brain response. The findings presented here can serve as guidelines for accurately modelling blast wave generation and interaction with the human body for injury biomechanics studies and design of prevention systems.
Light‐Emitting Chiral Nematic Dimers with Anomalous Odd‐Even Effect
Authors: Veerabhadraswamy B. N. , Bhat Sachin A. , Hiremath Uma S. , Yelamaggad Channabasaveshwar V. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIn this report, based on the results derived from the extensive study into the thermal and photophysical properties, an anomalous mesomorphic behavior of photoluminescent, chiral nematic (N*) liquid crystalline dimers, belonging to two different series has been revealed. They comprise cholesterol and fluorescent three‐ring Schiff base or salicylaldimine core interlinked via an ω‐oxyalkanoyloxy spacer of varying length and parity. The effect of molecular structure on the liquid crystal (LC) behavior and photophysical properties of both the series has been probed by varying the length of the terminal n‐alkoxy tails for a fixed (odd or even) parity of the spacer. The detailed investigations using complementary techniques not only evidenced the existence of the N* phase in all the dimers synthesized but also the occurrence of an intriguing odd‐even effect; blue phases (BPs) exist in all the dimers comprising even‐membered spacer, which surprisingly remains totally absent in their odd‐membered counterparts. While the results reported hitherto are exactly opposite to the aforesaid findings, this atypical behavior has been interpreted in terms of the over‐all shape of the dimers rendered by the orientation of terminal tails. Photophysical studies carried out clearly revealed the intrinsic light emitting feature of the dimers not only in their dilute solutions but also in their three condensed states viz., solid, N* phase, and isotropic liquid state; the emission intensities of the N* phase varies with the change in temperature, as expected. CD spectra of the N* phase recorded as a function of temperature show bisignate CD band characteristically, signifying large chiral correlations in the molecular self‐assembly, while the origin of bands from positive to negative region suggests a right‐handed twist of the N* helix.
0.6‐V CMOS cascode OTA with complementary gate‐driven gain‐boosting and forward body bias
Authors: Cellucci Danilo , Centurelli Francesco , Di Stefano Valerio , Monsurrò Pietro , Pennisi Salvatore , Scotti Giuseppe , Trifiletti Alessandro 
Published: September 2019

SummaryAn innovative low‐voltage low‐power complementary metal‐oxide‐semiconductor (CMOS) gain boosting approach is presented. It exploits complementary gate‐driven gain boosting and adopts forward body bias, resulting in the minimum possible supply requirement of one threshold plus two saturation voltages, without requiring any additional current branch. The solution is also exploited in a rail‐to‐rail high‐performance single‐stage cascode operational transconductance amplifier (OTA). Simulations using a 40‐nm process with thresholds around 0.45 V show that 0.6 V and 50 μA are adequate to supply the designed OTA, which exhibits a 60‐dB direct current (DC) gain, a 45‐MHz unity‐gain frequency, and an 18‐V/μs slew rate, under a 1‐pF load.
Health care service delivery based on the Internet of things: A systematic and comprehensive study
Authors: Usak Muhammet , Kubiatko Milan , Shabbir Muhammad Salman , Viktorovna Dudnik Olesya , Jermsittiparsert Kittisak , Rajabion Lila 
Published: September 2019

SummaryToday, the Internet of Things (IoT) becomes a heterogeneous and highly distributed structure which can respond to the daily needs of people and different organizations. With the fast development of IT‐based technologies such as IoT and cloud computing, low‐cost health services and their support, efficient supervision of the centralized management, and monitoring of public health can be realized. Therefore, there has been increasing attention in the integration of IoT and health care both in academic and the business world. However, while the health care service industry fully holds the welfares of information systems for its personnel and patients, there is a need for an improved understanding of the issues and opportunities related to IoT‐based health care systems. But, as far as we know, the detailed review and deep discussion in this field are very rare. Hence, in this paper, we presented a literature review on the IoT‐based health care services from papers published until 2018. Moreover, the drawbacks and benefits of the reviewed mechanisms have been discussed, and the main challenges of these mechanisms are highlighted for developing more efficient IoT techniques over health care services in the future. The results of this paper will be valuable for both practitioners and academicians, and it can provide visions into future research areas in this domain. By providing comparative information and analyzing the current developments in this area, this paper will directly support academics and working professionals for better knowing the progress in IoT mechanisms. As a general result, we found that IoT could help the governments to improve health services in society and commercial interactions.
Analysis of interval‐grouped data in weed science: The binnednp Rcpp package
Authors: Barreiro‐Ures Daniel , Francisco‐Fernández Mario , Cao Ricardo , Fraguela Basilio B. , Doallo Ramón , González‐Andújar José Luis , Reyes Miguel 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Weed scientists are usually interested in the study of the distribution and density functions of the random variable that relates weed emergence with environmental indices like the hydrothermal time (HTT). However, in many situations, experimental data are presented in a grouped way and, therefore, the standard nonparametric kernel estimators cannot be computed.

Kernel estimators for the density and distribution functions for interval‐grouped data, as well as bootstrap confidence bands for these functions, have been proposed and implemented in the binnednp package. Analysis with different treatments can also be performed using a bootstrap approach and a Cramér‐von Mises type distance. Several bandwidth selection procedures were also implemented. This package also allows to estimate different emergence indices that measure the shape of the data distribution. The values of these indices are useful for the selection of the soil depth at which HTT should be measured which, in turn, would maximize the predictive power of the proposed methods.

This paper presents the functions of the package and provides an example using an emergence data set of Avena sterilis (wild oat).

The binnednp package provides investigators with a unique set of tools allowing the weed science research community to analyze interval‐grouped data.
Dynamic Accumulation of Volatile Compounds Between Olive Pulps and Stones and Its Relation with the Fatty Acids Content During the Oil Extraction Process of Ouslati and Chemlali Olive Fruits
Authors: Sakouhi Faouzi , Saadi Chaima , Luigi Cioni Pier , Boukhchina Sadok 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe characterization of both volatiles and fatty acids of Tunisian olive varieties (Ouslati and Chemlali) is achieved in order to understand their correlation with the aroma accumulation via the lipoxygenase (LOX) pathway. The main identified volatiles in both crushed pulps and crushed stones are hexanal, E‐(2)‐hexenal, (Z)‐3‐hexen‐1‐ol, 1‐hexanol, and hexyl acetate. With regard to their fatty acid composition, results show that both de‐stoned (DOO) and conventional (COO) olive oils contain mainly unsaturated fatty acids. The results also show that oleic acid (C18:1) is the main fatty acid in both DOO and COO. Meanwhile, linoleic acid (C18:2) is present in a relatively higher percentage (5.2% and 19.8%, respectively, for Ouslati and Chemlali DOI) than linolenic fatty acid (C18:3) (<2%). The analysis of volatiles shows that more than 80% of total LOX‐compounds from both crushed pulps and crushed stones have linolenic acid as synthesis precursor despite its lower level (2%). Moreover, the contribution of olive parts in generating aroma is much higher in crushed pulps (more than 80%) than in crushed stones, which explains the fact that DOO, extracted from crushed pulps, contains the dominant amount of volatiles. Therefore, the obtained results promote both the consumption and the marketing of DOO.Practical Applications: The aroma and the organoleptic properties of olive oil are strictly correlated with both the olives quality and the extraction techniques used. Many technologies are developed to extract olive oil with highest quality. De‐stoned olive oil extraction process is one of these technical procedures. In the present work, the characterization of volatiles in pulp and stone separately provides important information about the contribution of olive constitutive parts on the accumulation of olive oil aroma during the oil extraction process.
Consequences of agreement versus disagreement on physical disgust: How do people perceive the cleanliness and morality of someone who expresses inappropriate disgust
Authors: Katzir Maayan , Hoffmann Matan , Liberman Nira 
Published: September 2019

AbstractWe examined how people perceived a person who expressed inappropriate physical disgust—a person who was either under‐disgusted by physically disgusting stimuli or over‐disgusted by neutral stimuli. Participants formed an impression of a target after receiving information on how s/he rated disgusting (Studies 1, 2) or neutral (Studies 2, 3) pictures, and disgusting or angering scenarios (Study 4). Studies 1, 2 and 4 found that a target person who failed to experience disgust was seen as disgusting, immoral (but only to the extent that s/he was also seen unclean), and not socially desirable. A target who rated neutral stimuli as disgusting was not judged as disgusting but was nevertheless judged as immoral and not socially desirable (Studies 2, 3). Our results show that a target whose judgments of physical disgust deviate from one's own by showing either too much or too little disgust is perceived to be immoral.
Google Earth as a data source for investigating river forms and processes: Discriminating river types using form‐based process indicators
Authors: Henshaw Alexander J. , Sekarsari Prima W. , Zolezzi Guido , Gurnell Angela M. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractGoogle Earth provides potential for exploiting an enormous reservoir of freely‐available remotely sensed data to support river science and management. In this paper, we consider how the platform can support investigation of river physical forms and processes by developing an empirically‐based reach‐scale classification of semi‐natural European single thread to transitional rivers. Using strict reach and image selection criteria, we identified 194 reaches of 68 rivers for analysis. Measurements of channel dimensions and counts of in‐channel and floodplain features, standardised for reach length and channel width where necessary, were used to derive a series of geomorphologically‐relevant process indicators. A suite of multivariate analyses were then applied to this data set, resulting in the discrimination of five river types: laterally stable, laterally active sinuous‐meandering; transitional (near‐braided); bedrock; and cascade/step dominated. The results of the classification were tested by examining the characteristics and distribution of the river classes in relation to known independent controls of river form including reach‐scale energy and valley confinement conditions. Our results show that if methods of data extraction are carefully developed, physically meaningful river reach discrimination can be achieved using Google Earth. Although there are limits to the types of information that can be extracted such that field investigations cannot always be avoided, there is enormous potential to mine Google Earth across different space and time scales, supporting the assembly of large, reliable data sets relevant to river forms and processes in a very cost‐effective way. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An expandable topology with low wiring congestion for silicon interposer‐based network‐on‐chip systems
Authors: Dadashi Sajed , Reshadi Midia , Reza Akram , Khademzadeh Ahmad 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIn 2.5D stacking technology, multiple chips have stacked side‐by‐side on a silicon interposer layer. The network‐on‐chip in the central processing unit (CPU) layer makes it possible to connect processing cores to each other. The interposer layer prepares the connection between the CPU cores and other chips such as memory chip. The memory chip usually contains several segments stacked vertically. The network‐on‐chip can be extended to the interposer layer to make use of unused routing resources of the interposer. Applying an efficient topology and deadlock‐free routing algorithm on the CPU layer and interposer layer is essential. In this paper, a new topology and routing algorithm are proposed to use on the CPU layer as well as on the interposer layer for creating a uniform interconnection network to decrease delay and power consumption. This topology is scalable and can be used simply for extensive networks. Most of interposer layer topologies are not scalable and have a lot of crossed links. Moreover, it is required to increase the degree of routers connected to memory segments. The proposed topology uses a few crossed links compared to other proposed interposer layer topologies. There will be some similar small sub‐networks that fairly connected together with intermediate routers. Furthermore, this topology can be extended in a hierarchical manner.
Study on the synergistic protective effect of Lycium barbarum L. polysaccharides and zinc sulfate on chronic alcoholic liver injury in rats
Authors: Yan Yamei , Wu Wanqiang , Lu Lu , Ren Jie , Mi Jia , Liu Xuebo , Cao Youlong 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBoth Lycium barbarum L. polysaccharides (LBP) and zinc have protective effects on liver injuries. In this paper, LBP and ZnSO4 were combined to study the effects on the prevention of alcoholic liver injury. The rats were divided into six groups, the normal group, alcohol group, zinc sulfate group, LBP group, low‐dose group of ZnSO4, and high‐dose group of ZnSO4 and LBP, used to explore the impact of LBP and ZnSO4 complex on liver lipid metabolism of alcohol, alcohol‐metabolizing enzymes, oxidative damage, and inflammation of the liver. The experimental model was established by gavage treatment, observation, and determination of indexes of rats. The results showed that the combination of LBP and ZnSO4 could significantly decrease the levels of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), tumor necrosis factor‐α(TNF‐ɑ), malondialdehyde (MDA), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and the activity of enzyme subtype 2E1 (CYP2E1). It also significantly increased the activities of total superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH‐Px), glutathione peptide (GSH), and alcohol dehydrogenase, effectively improved the liver tissue lesion. What is more, the combination of LBP and ZnSO4 had a synergistic effect on the remission of alcoholic fatty liver, and alleviated chronic alcoholic liver injury by promoting lipid metabolism, inhibiting oxidative stress, controlling inflammatory responses, and regulating the expression and activity of alcohol‐metabolizing enzymes in rats.