bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Probing the Migration of Free Radicals in Solid and Liquid Media via Cr(VI) Reduction by High-Energy Electron Beam Irradiation
Authors: Han Jie , Wang Min , Zhang Guilong , Zhan Furu , Cai Dongqing , Wu Zhengyan 
Published: October 2018

AbstractTo probe the migration of free radicals (FRs), the reduction behaviours of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) in water and ice by high-energy electron beam (HEEB) irradiation were investigated. Interestingly, the reductive efficiency (RE) of Cr(VI) in water was appreciably higher than that in ice. Thus, it was proposed that the migration ability of FRs in water is distinctly higher than that in ice, likely because the migration performance of FRs is closely related to the intermolecular distance of water molecules. Furthermore, the RE of Cr(VI) in ice decreased gradually with the distance from the irradiated area, indicating that FRs could migrate in ice and that the migration performance was closely related to the RE. Additionally, FRs (hydrated electrons ($${{\rm{e}}}_{{\rm{aq}}}^{-}$$

e

aq

−

) and hydrogen radicals (·H)) generated during the irradiation process played a key role in the reduction of Cr(VI). Hydroxyl radicals (·OH) and H2O2 were the dominant negative factors for the reduction because of their oxidizing effects, but these factors could be eliminated by the removal of ·OH. This work reveals the migration performance of FRs in different media for the first time. This result may be useful for basic and applied studies in fields of environmental science related to FRs.
The digital scribe
Authors: Coiera Enrico , Kocaballi Baki , Halamka John , Laranjo Liliana 
Published: October 2018

AbstractCurrent generation electronic health records suffer a number of problems that make them inefficient and associated with poor clinical satisfaction. Digital scribes or intelligent documentation support systems, take advantage of advances in speech recognition, natural language processing and artificial intelligence, to automate the clinical documentation task currently conducted by humans. Whilst in their infancy, digital scribes are likely to evolve through three broad stages. Human led systems task clinicians with creating documentation, but provide tools to make the task simpler and more effective, for example with dictation support, semantic checking and templates. Mixed-initiative systems are delegated part of the documentation task, converting the conversations in a clinical encounter into summaries suitable for the electronic record. Computer-led systems are delegated full control of documentation and only request human interaction when exceptions are encountered. Intelligent clinical environments permit such augmented clinical encounters to occur in a fully digitised space where the environment becomes the computer. Data from clinical instruments can be automatically transmitted, interpreted using AI and entered directly into the record. Digital scribes raise many issues for clinical practice, including new patient safety risks. Automation bias may see clinicians automatically accept scribe documents without checking. The electronic record also shifts from a human created summary of events to potentially a full audio, video and sensor record of the clinical encounter. Digital scribes promisingly offer a gateway into the clinical workflow for more advanced support for diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic tasks.
Fast linear electro-optic effect in a centrosymmetric semiconductor
Authors: Berciano Mathias , Marcaud Guillaume , Damas Pedro , Le Roux Xavier , Crozat Paul , Alonso Ramos Carlos , Pérez Galacho Diego , Benedikovic Daniel , Marris-Morini Delphine , Cassan Eric , Vivien Laurent 
Published: October 2018

AbstractSilicon photonics, considered as a major photonic platform for optical communications in data centers, is today also developed for others applications including quantum photonics and sensing. Advanced silicon functionalities based on optical nonlinearities are then required. As the presence of inversion symmetry in the Si crystal structure prevents the exploitation of second-order optical nonlinearities, the generation of strain gradients in Si by a stressed material can be considered. However, due to the semiconductor nature of silicon with the presence of carriers, no clear evidence of second-order nonlinearities have been reported yet. Here we report an experimental demonstration of high-speed Pockels effect in silicon waveguides at 1550 nm. Additionally, a theoretical model is developed to describe its frequency behavior. A second-order nonlinear susceptibility $$\chi _{xxy}^{(2)}$$

χ

x
x
y

(

2

)

of −1.8 ± 0.2 pm V−1 is then experimentally determined. These results pave the way for the development of fast linear electro-optic effect for advanced silicon photonics devices.
A de novo transcriptome assembly of the zebra bullhead shark, Heterodontus zebra
Authors: Onimaru Koh , Tatsumi Kaori , Shibagaki Kazuhiro , Kuraku Shigehiro 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAlthough cartilaginous fishes have played crucial roles in various fields, including evolutionary biology, marine ecology, bioresources, and aquarium exhibitions, molecular information for these species is poorly available. The present study reports a transcriptome assembly from an embryo of the zebra bullhead shark (Heterodontus zebra), produced by paired-end RNA sequencing. Transcriptome data is generated with a de novo transcriptome assembler, Trinity. Amino acid sequences are predicted from the assemblies, using TransDecoder. Because cartilaginous fishes serve as the outgroup of bony vertebrates, the data would contribute to comparative analyses of a various biological fields. In addition, this study would be useful for conservation biology, such as transcriptome-based population genetics.
Embryonic transcriptome sequencing of the ocellate spot skate Okamejei kenojei
Authors: Tanegashima Chiharu , Nishimura Osamu , Motone Fumio , Tatsumi Kaori , Kadota Mitsutaka , Kuraku Shigehiro 
Published: October 2018

AbstractChondrichthyans (cartilaginous fishes) exhibit highly variable reproductive styles, categorized as viviparity and oviparity. Among these, species with oviparity provide an enormous potential of molecular experimentation with stable sample supply which does not demand the sacrifices of live mothers. Cartilaginous fishes are divided into two subclasses, chimaeras (Holocephali) and elasmobranchs (Elasmobranchii), and the latter consists of two monophyletic groups, Batoidea (rays, skates and torpedoes) and Selachimorpha (sharks). Here we report transcriptome assemblies of the ocellate spot skate Okamejei kenojei, produced by strand-specific RNA-seq of its embryonic tissues. We obtained a total of 325 million illumina short reads from libraries prepared using four different tissue domains and assembled them all together. Our assembly result confirmed the species authenticity and high continuity of contig sequences. Also, assessment of its coverage of pre-selected one-to-one orthologs supported high diversity of transcripts in the assemblies. Our products are expected to provide a basis of comparative molecular studies encompassing other chondrichthyan species with emerging genomic and transcriptomic sequence information.
Linked
color imaging improves detection of minimal change esophagitis in non-erosive
reflux esophagitis patients
Authors: Deng Pei , Min Min , Dong Tenghui , Bi Yiliang , Tang Airong , Liu Yan 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Background and study aims Non-erosive reflux disease (NERD) includes
minimal change esophagitis (MCE) and no endoscopic abnormalities. However, for
most endoscopists, it is difficult to detect MCE with conventional white-light
endoscopy (WLE). Linked color imaging (LCI) technology is the most recently
developed image-enhancing technology and improves detection and differentiation
of subtle mucosal changes using a color contrast method. This study assessed the
efficacy of WLE combined with LCI for diagnosing MCE compared with WLE.
Patients and methods Between February and May 2017, 44 NERD patients and
40 healthy subjects were enrolled in our study. First, the distal esophagus was
examined using WLE followed by LCI. Second, three experienced endoscopists
observed all the patients’ white-light (WL) images and corresponding images of
WL and LCI and then recorded presence or absence of minimal change esophagitis
(MCE +/–). The proportion of minimal change between the two groups was then
compared. Third, five blinded endoscopists with different levels of endoscopic
experience assessed whether MCE was present. Intraobserver reproducibility and
interobserver agreement were described using the kappa value.
Results The proportion of MCE in the NERD group (70.8 %, 35/48) was higher
than that in the control group (22.5 %, 9/40, P < 0.001) when
diagnosed by the three experienced endoscopists. Detection rates for MCE using
WLE combined with LCI were higher than those using WLE (43/88, 48.9 % vs. 29/88,
33.0 %, P < 0.001). With WLE combined with LCI, intraobserver
reproducibility signiﬁcantly improved, indicating that the combined approach can
improve interobserver agreement compared with using WLE alone.
Conclusions Endoscopic diagnosis of MCE using WLE combined with LCI images
is effective. Intraobserver reproducibility and interobserver agreement in MCE
can be improved when LCI is applied with conventional imaging (Clinical trial
registration number: NCT03068572).
Tele-EEG: Aktuelle Anwendungen, Hindernisse und technische Lösungen
Authors: Rosenow Felix , Audebert Heinrich , Hamer Hajo , Hinrichs Hermann , Keßler-Uberti Stephanie , Kluge Tilmann , Noachtar Soheyl , Remi Jan , Sotoodeh Ali , Strzelczyk Adam , Weber Joachim , Zöllner Johann 
Published: October 2018

ZusammenfassungZiel der telemedizinischen Versorgung von Menschen mit Epilepsie ist es, eine spezialisierte Diagnostik und Therapie räumlich unabhängig zur Verfügung zu stellen. Dies spielt in Deutschland insbesondere in ländlichen, teils unterversorgten Regionen eine Rolle. In dieser Übersichtsarbeit werden aktuelle tele-epileptologische Projekte vorgestellt. Die individuellen Rahmenbedingungen und Anforderungen, die jeweiligen Hindernisse und Lösungsansätze der Projekte werden diskutiert. Zudem werden die speziellen Anforderungen des pädiatrischen tele-EEG beleuchtet. Die zur Auswertung des tele-EEGs notwendigen technischen Rahmenbedingungen und Befundungsrichtlinien werden dargestellt. Bereits abgeschlossene tele-epileptologische Projekte zeigten positive Ergebnisse auf die Qualität der Patientenversorgung.
Cap-assisted colonoscopy: a meta-analysis of high-quality randomized controlled trials
Authors: Nutalapati Venkat , Kanakadandi Vijay , Desai Madhav , Olyaee Mojtaba , Rastogi Amit 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Background and study aims Standard colonoscopy (SC) is the preferred modality for screening for colon cancer; however, it carries a significant polyp/adenoma miss rate. Cap-assisted colonoscopy (CC) has been shown to improve polyp/adenoma detection rate, decrease cecal intubation time and increase cecal intubation rate when compared to standard colonoscopy (SC). However, data on adenoma detection rate (ADR) are conflicting. The aim of this meta-analysis was to compare the performance of CC with SC for ADR among high-quality randomized controlled trials.
Patients and methods We performed an extensive literature search using MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, Cochrane and Web of Science databases and abstracts published at national meetings. Only comparative studies between CC and SC were included if they reported ADR, adenoma per person (APP), cecal intubation rate, and cecal intubation time. The exclusion criterion for comparing ADR was studies with Jadad score ≤ 2. The odds ratio (OR) was calculated using Mantel-Haenszel method. I2
test was used to measure heterogeneity among studies.
Results Analysis of high-quality studies (Jadad score ≥ 3, total of 7 studies) showed that use of cap improved the ADR with the results being statistically significant (OR 1.18, 95 % CI 1.03 – 1.33) and detection of 0.16 (0.02 – 0.30) additional APP. The cecal intubation rate in the CC group was 96.3 % compared to 94.5 % with SC (total of 17 studies). Use of cap improved cecal intubation (OR 1.61, 95 % CI 1.33 – 1.95) when compared to SC (P value < 0.001). Use of cap decreased cecal intubation time by an average of 0.88 minutes (95 % CI 0.37 – 1.39) or 53 seconds.
Conclusions Meta-analysis of high-quality studies showed that CC improved the ADR compared to SC.
Safety and rate of delayed adverse events with lumen-apposing metal stents (LAMS) for pancreatic fluid collections: a multicenter study
Authors: Yang Dennis , Perbtani Yaseen B. , Mramba Lazarus K , Kerdsirichairat Tossapol , Prabhu Anoop , Manvar Amar , Ho Sammy , Pannu Davindebir , Keswani Rajesh N. , Strand Daniel S. , Wang Andrew Y. , Quintero Eduardo , Buscaglia Jonathan M. , Muniraj Thiruvengadam , Aslanian Harry R. , Draganov Peter V. , Siddiqui Ali S. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Background and study aims Endoscopic drainage with dedicated lumen-apposing metal stents (LAMS) is routinely performed for symptomatic pancreatic fluid collections (PFCs), walled-off necrosis (WON) and pseudocyst (PP). There has been increasing concern regarding delayed adverse events associated with the indwelling LAMS.
Patients and methods Multicenter retrospective analysis of consecutive patients who underwent endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided LAMS placement for PFC from January 2010 to May 2017. Main outcomes included: (1) resolution of the PFC, (2) rate of delayed adverse events at follow-up, and (3) predictors of treatment failure and delayed adverse events on logistic regression.
Results A total of 122 patients (mean age 50.9 years, 68 % male) underwent LAMS insertion for 64 WON (98.4 %) and 58 PP (98.3 %). PFC mean size was 10.6 cm. PFC resolution was significantly lower for WON (62.3 %) vs. PP (96.5 %) (P < 0.001) on imaging at a median of 4 weeks. Stent occlusion was identified in 18 (29.5 %) and 10 (17.5 %) patients with WON and PP, respectively (P = 0.13). There were no cases of delayed bleeding or buried stent on follow-up endoscopy. Use of electrocautery-enhanced LAMS was the only factor associated with treatment failure of WON (OR = 13.2; 95 % ci: 3.33 – 51.82, P = 0.02) on logistic regression. There were no patient, operator, or procedure-related factors predictive of stent occlusion.
Conclusions EUS-guided LAMS for PFC is associated with a low incidence of delayed adverse events. While nearly all PPs resolve at 4 weeks permitting LAMS removal shortly thereafter, many WON persist, with use of electrocautery-enhanced LAMS being the sole predictor of treatment failure.
A Natural Phenolic Compound Quercetin Showed the Usefulness by Targeting Inflammatory, Oxidative Stress Markers and Augment 5-HT Levels in One of the Animal Models of Depression in Mice
Authors: Khan Khadeeja , Najmi Abul Kalam , Akhtar Mohd 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Aim In the present study quercetin was studied for its role in inflammation, oxidative stress markers and 5-HT levels in unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS) animal model of depression.
Materials and Methods The mice were randomized into different groups trained for UCMS protocol followed by different drug treatments. Treatments were started after 2 weeks from the start of UCMS protocol and continued up to 6 weeks. The behavioral tests such as modified forced swimming (MFST), tail suspension (TST) and open field tests were performed on week 6, at least 24 h after the last drug treatment. Behavioral tests were preceded following animal sacrifice for biochemical estimations.
Results A significant decrease in swimming, climbing times and increase in immobility time in MFST and TST was observed in UCMS group. Administration of quercetin (25 mg/kg per orally (p.o) reversed these times in MFST and TST. A decrease in no. of field crossing, time spent in centre and no. of rearing were observed in UCMS group. Quercetin reduced these observations in open field test. There was a decrease in superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), catalase and 5 HT levels in the brain tissue. Quercetin treatment significantly augmented SOD, GSH, catalase and 5 HT levels. Glutamate, TNF-α and IL-6 levels were increased in UCMS group while quercetin decreased these cytokines.
Conclusion Quercetin resulted antidepressant-like effect by its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory activities, reduced excitotoxicity and augmented 5 HT levels. This pointed out the usefulness of this phenolic compound as adjuvent drug along with other antidepressant drugs.
Review of Clinical Pharmacokinetics of Avibactam, A Newly Approved non-β lactam β-lactamase Inhibitor Drug, In Combination Use With Ceftazidime
Authors: Giri Poonam , Patel Harilal , Srinivas Nuggehally 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAvibactam, a potent non-β lactam β-lactamase inhibitor, was recently approved in the USA for combination use with ceftazidime, a cephalosporin antibiotic drug. The addition of avibactam potentiates the antimicrobial drug ceftazidime, which otherwise would have been susceptible to β-lactamases produced by variety of Gram negative pathogens. The focus of this review was to provide clinical pharmacokinetic data of avibactam to cover absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion aspects including any potential for avibactam to show drug-drug interactions in the clinic. Based on the review of the data, the pharmacokinetics of avibactam was generally stationary in the studied dosing regimen. The elimination half-life (approximately 1.4- 3.2 h) and volume of distribution at steady state (15.4-26.3 L) were found similar across the studies and therefore, provided the complementary pharmacokinetic attributes for combination use with ceftazidime. Renal excretion was the major pathway for the clearance of avibactam. In summary, any degree of renal dysfunction is expected to alter the pharmacokinetics of avibactam – this consideration should be factored in dosage adjustments while dosing in patients with renal impairment. Concomitant drugs that may influence renal mechanism of elimination of avibactam should be avoided and/or monitored for any impact on the pharmacokinetics of avibactam.
Effect of Canagliflozin on Heart Function Involving Ketone Bodies in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Kutoh Eiji , Hayashi Jyunka 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThis report describes the effect of administration (n=3) or withdrawal (n=2) of canagliflozin, a sodium-glucose co-transporters 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitor, on cardiac function in relation to ketone bodies. Three cases received and two cases discontinued canagliflozin. Changes of heart function with ultrasonography (EF: ejection fraction and %FS: functional shortening) and cardiometabolic parameters including ketone bodies (acetoacetate/beta-hydroxybutylate) were compared at 3 months. 69, 68 and 60 years old male patients A, B and C, respectively with moderately decreased heart function received canagliflozin 100 mg/day. EF, %FS and acetoacetate/beta-hydroxybutylate levels increased. 60 and 59 years old female patients D and E with normal and borderline heart function, respectively discontinued canagliflozin 50 mg/day. EF, %FS and acetoacetate/beta-hydroxybutylate levels decreased. Taken together, these results suggest that concomitant changes between ketone bodies and heart function were observed with or without canagliflzoin. This drug might have effects on cardiac function through modulating ketone bodies.
Efficacy of Anterior Bite Plane in Class II Deep Bite Case - A Case Report
Authors: Dixit Shweta , Gupta Garima , Sharma Pooja , Gupta Sameer 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Aims and Objectives: Deep bite is one of the common malocclusion which has a varied of etiologies; this case report includes correction of deep bite with help of anterior bite plane. Materials and Methods: One post pubertal patient of age 15 years with proclined maxillary incisors with class II skeletal and class II molar treated with fixed orthodontic appliance with anterior bite plane. Results: It resulted in favorable skeletal and dentoalveolar changes. Midlines were coinciding, molars were in class I relationship and smile was improved. Conclusion: Using anterior bite plane corrected class II deep bite in patient, corrected lip trap and proclined maxillary incisors.
Prospective Study of Endogenous Hormones and Incidence of Venous Thromboembolism: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study
Authors: Roetker Nicholas , MacLehose Richard , Hoogeveen Ron , Ballantyne Christie , Basu Saonli , Cushman Mary , Folsom Aaron 
Published: October 2018

AbstractExogenous hormone treatments in women (oral contraceptives and hormone replacement therapy [HRT]) are established risk factors for venous thromboembolism (VTE), but less is known about associations between plasma levels of endogenous hormones and VTE risk. We examined the association of baseline dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEAS), testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) with risk of future VTE in men and post-menopausal women in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. Testosterone, DHEAS and SHBG were measured in plasma samples collected in 1996 to 1998. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios for incident VTE adjusting for age, race/ethnicity, body mass index, height, smoking, estimated glomerular filtration rate and C-reactive protein. All analyses were stratified by sex and by current HRT use in women. Among 3,051 non-HRT-using women, 1,414 HRT-using women and 3,925 men at risk at baseline, 184, 62 and 206 experienced incident VTE after a median follow-up of 17.6 years. Plasma hormones were not associated with incidence of VTE among men and non-HRT-using women, although lower plasma DHEAS, when modelled using quartiles or restricted cubic splines, was associated with higher risk of VTE among HRT-using women. This study does not support the existence of an important association between plasma concentrations of endogenous testosterone, DHEAS or SHBG with risk of VTE in middle-aged to older men or post-menopausal women not using HRT.
Bottom trawl fishing footprints on the world’s continental shelves
Authors: Amoroso Ricardo O. , Pitcher C. Roland , Rijnsdorp Adriaan D. , McConnaughey Robert A. , Parma Ana M. , Suuronen Petri , Eigaard Ole R. , Bastardie Francois , Hintzen Niels T. , Althaus Franziska , Baird Susan Jane , Black Jenny , Buhl-Mortensen Lene , Campbell Alexander B. , Catarino Rui , Collie Jeremy , Cowan James H. , Durholtz Deon , Engstrom Nadia , Fairweather Tracey P. , Fock Heino O. , Ford Richard , Gálvez Patricio A. , Gerritsen Hans , Góngora María Eva , González Jessica A. , Hiddink Jan G. , Hughes Kathryn M. , Intelmann Steven S. , Jenkins Chris , Jonsson Patrik , Kainge Paulus , Kangas Mervi , Kathena Johannes N. , Kavadas Stefanos , Leslie Rob W. , Lewis Steve G. , Lundy Mathieu , Makin David , Martin Julie , Mazor Tessa , Gonzalez-Mirelis Genoveva , Newman Stephen J. , Papadopoulou Nadia , Posen Paulette E. , Rochester Wayne , Russo Tommaso , Sala Antonello , Semmens Jayson M. , Silva Cristina , Tsolos Angelo , Vanelslander Bart , Wakefield Corey B. , Wood Brent A. , Hilborn Ray , Kaiser Michel J. , Jennings Simon 
Published: October 2018

Significance
We conducted a systematic, high-resolution analysis of bottom trawl fishing footprints for 24 regions on continental shelves and slopes of five continents and New Zealand. The proportion of seabed trawled varied >200-fold among regions (from 0.4 to 80.7% of area to a depth of 1,000 m). Within 18 regions, more than two-thirds of seabed area remained untrawled during study periods of 2–6 years. Relationships between metrics of total trawling activity and footprint were strong and positive, providing a method to estimate trawling footprints for regions where high-resolution data are not available. Trawling footprints were generally smaller in regions where fisheries met targets for exploitation rates, implying collateral environmental benefits of effective fisheries management.