bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and factors associated with postnatal depression among women in two rural districts of Manicaland, Zimbabwe
Authors: January James , Chimbari Moses J. 
Published: November 2018

Background: Low- and middle-income countries are disproportionately affected by postnatal depression (PND). High prevalence of PND in urban Zimbabwe has been reported but the situation in rural settings is largely unknown and this is one of the first studies to report prevalence of PND in Chipinge and Mutasa districts.Objectives: This study explored the prevalence and associated factors of PND among women attending postnatal care services in two rural districts of Chipinge and Mutasa, Manicaland, Zimbabwe between August and September 2017.Methods: One hundred and ninety-two women were recruited consecutively as they attended postnatal services at 7 days and 42 days post-delivery. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders, fifth edition criteria was used to classify depression among participants. Prevalence of PND and 95.0% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated and associations with key socio-demographic and risk factors assessed.Results: The mean age of participants was 23.7 years (standard deviation = 6.14). Pooled prevalence of PND across the two districts was 26.0% (95% CI: 19.04–31.74). There was a higher prevalence of PND in Mutasa (31.0%) as compared to Chipinge (21.48%) but this was not statistically significant (p = 0.142). Having insufficient food in the household, intimate partner violence and having a child with birthweight under 2500 g significantly increased the likelihood of PND twofold: adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 2.8 (95% CI: 1.2–6.1), aOR = 2.5 (95% CI: 1.2–5.3) and aOR = 2.4 (95% CI: 1.1–5.6), respectively.Conclusion: The high prevalence of PND and its associated risk factors indicates the need for routine screening and targeted interventions for PND in Zimbabwe, especially in rural areas.
Homogeneous Einstein Finsler Metrics on -dimensional Spheres
Authors: Huang Libing , Mo Xiaohuan 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIn this paper, we study a class of homogeneous Finsler metrics of vanishing $S$-curvature on a $(4n+3)$-dimensional sphere. We find a second order ordinary differential equation that characterizes Einstein metrics with constant Ricci curvature $1$ in this class. Using this equation we show that there are infinitely many homogeneous Einstein metrics on $S^{4n+3}$ of constant Ricci curvature $1$ and vanishing $S$-curvature. They contain the canonical metric on $S^{4n+3}$ of constant sectional curvature $1$ and the Einstein metric of non-constant sectional curvature given by Jensen in 1973.
On the impact of recent developments of the LMDz atmospheric general circulation model on the simulation of CO2 transport
Authors: Remaud Marine , Chevallier Frédéric , Cozic Anne , Lin Xin , Bousquet Philippe 
Published: November 2018

Abstract. The quality of the representation of greenhouse gas (GHG) transport in
atmospheric general circulation models (GCMs) drives the potential of inverse
systems to retrieve GHG surface fluxes to a large extent. In this work, the
transport of CO2 is evaluated in the latest version of the Laboratoire de
Météorologie Dynamique (LMDz) GCM,
developed for the Climate Model Intercomparison Project 6 (CMIP6) relative to
the LMDz version developed for CMIP5. Several key changes have been
implemented between the two versions, which include a more elaborate
radiative scheme, new subgrid-scale parameterizations of convective and
boundary layer processes and a refined vertical resolution. We performed a
set of simulations of LMDz with different physical parameterizations, two
different horizontal resolutions and different land surface schemes, in order
to test the impact of those different configurations on the overall transport
simulation. By modulating the intensity of vertical mixing, the physical
parameterizations control the interhemispheric gradient and the amplitude of
the seasonal cycle in the Northern Hemisphere, as emphasized by the
comparison with observations at surface sites. However, the effect of the new
parameterizations depends on the region considered, with a strong impact over
South America (Brazil, Amazonian forest) but a smaller impact over Europe,
East Asia and North America. A finer horizontal resolution reduces the
representation errors at observation sites near emission hotspots or along
the coastlines. In comparison, the sensitivities to the land surface model
and to the increased vertical resolution are marginal.
Wethouders in de frontlijn: een studie naar de perceptie van en de omgang met persoonlijke bedreigingen
Authors: Marijnissen Diana , Kolthoff Emile 
Published: November 2018

Aldermen in the frontline: a study to their perception and behavior in case of personal threats
This contribution reports on a delimited part of a larger, exploratory study, the main question of which was: How do aldermen perceive threats, what are their behavioral intentions and what is the influence of threats on the process and the outcome of decision-making? This question was answered with the help of Q-methodology, semi-structured interviews and case studies. This article discusses the results of the Q-methodology and the semi-structured interviews. The case studies will be reported separately later on. Through the Q-methodology three patterns in perception were found in dealing with threats: ‘combative and decisive’, ‘vulnerable and thoughtful’ and ‘down-to-earth and accepting’. The interviews show that it usually concerns instrumental threats that are deliberately used to influence decision making, which usually take place in the private sphere and vary from verbal aggression to physical violence. Most threats come from individuals, but some come from groups, in some cases there is a relationship with criminals. In the cases reviewed, the consequences in the private sphere are far-reaching, there are indications for the influence on public functioning (from hardening to great caution). There is almost always a report, a fuss in the media can affect the authority of the official.
De geschatte waarde van het preventieprogramma Brandveilig Leven op basis van de contingente waarderingsmethode (CV – Contingent Valuation)
Authors: Bornebroek David , de Wit Ron , van Buiten Marc , Helsloot Ira 
Published: November 2018

Willingness-to-pay for a Community Fire Safety program on the basis of the contingent valuation method
The Dutch Regional Fire Services collectively aim at preventing fire, casualties and damage. The main activity is informing citizens about fire risks and the appropriate measures they can take. From both a political and social perspective, it is valuable to know what the return of the Community Fire Safety program is. One way to chart the return of the program is a comparison of the cost of, and society’s willingness-to-pay for, the program. To estimate this willingness-to-pay, this article applies the contingent valuation method to a national representative sample of 806 Dutch citizens. The results show that willingness-to-pay of an average Dutch household is estimated to be between € 25.00 and € 35.67 per year provided the Community Fire Safety program improves the fire safety by 10%. At the national level, this amounts to 200 – 270 million euro annually. This value is seven to ten times more than the approximate costs of the current Community Fire Safety program.
Ensino de Probabilidade e Estatística e Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação: um cenário das produções brasileiras para os anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental
Authors: Budek Dias Cristiane De Fatima , Dos Santos Junior Guataçara 
Published: November 2018

Este artigo traz um panorama das pesquisas realizadas no cenário brasileiro que têm como foco o ensino de Probabilidade e Estatística nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental aliado às Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TIC). Com o objetivo de verificar as discussões e abordagens priorizadas nas pesquisas brasileiras, analisaram-se as produções disponibilizadas nas páginas dos programas de Mestrado (Acadêmico e Profissional) e Doutorado na área de Ensino, conforme tabela da CAPES dos cursos recomendados e reconhecidos. Para atender à proposta do presente artigo, realizou-se uma pesquisa exploratória, analisando-se de forma interpretativa as produções encontradas (2004-2016). Foram elencadas quatro categorias norteadoras: software utilizado nas atividades desenvolvidas; conceitos e conhecimentos estimulados; enfoques didáticos e metodológicos no uso das ferramentas; e perspectivas para a formação continuada de professores dos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental. Os resultados indicam que as tecnologias podem auxiliar o processo de ensino e aprendizagem dos conceitos referentes à Estatística, permitindo que a manipulação dos dados e os cálculos sejam facilitados. Entretanto, apontam, também para a necessidade de um maior número de pesquisas que abordem a temática, principalmente no que concerne à formação de professores.
KRIVIČNOPRAVNA ZAŠTITA BEZBEDNOSTI RAČUNARSKIH PODATAKA
Authors: Pavlović Mirjana , Tošić Danijela 
Published: November 2018

Kompjuter je jedna od najznačajnijih tekovina tehnološkog razvoja na kraju 20. veka. Ne postoji oblast ljudskog delovanja u kojoj računari nisu našli svoju primenu. Ali, pored prednosti koje računar nosi sa sobom, ubrzo je postao i sredstvo zloupotrebe. Tako nastaje računarski kriminalitet kao poseban i specifičan oblik kriminaliteta. Postoji više načina zaštite bezbednosti računarskih podataka. U radu autori prikazuju jedan od vidova zaštite bezbednosti računarskih podataka. U pitanju je krivičnopravna zaštita, koja predstavlja deo kaznenopravne zaštite. Autori analiziraju zakonska rešenja i primenu tih rešenja u praksi.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE STRATEGIC PLANNING PROCESS NECESSARY FOR THE BUSINESS PERFORMANCE QUALITY IMPROVEMENT IN SMALL AND MEDIUM COMPANIES
Authors: Valjevac Boris , Sorak Ljiljana , Sorak Miloš 
Published: November 2018

This study shows model of strategic planning process development, which consists of the vision, mission and strategic goals, for the purpose of business performance quality improvement in small and medium enterprises. Conditions for establishing measurable business goals are formed by defining strategic plan, which is the precondition for monitoring the quality of company’s business performance. The first phase of this study referred to explaining the term and defining strategic management process. The second phase shows the process of making strategic plan for a selected company.
Integration of proteomics and metabolomics data in a novel cellular knock out model of methylmalonic acidemia
Authors: Costanzo Michele , Caterino Marianna , Cevenini Armando , Jung Vincent , Guerrera Ida C , Ruoppolo Margherita 
Published: November 2018

Background. Methylmalonic acidemia is a rare inborn error of metabolism caused by mutations in methylmalonyl−CoA mutase (MUT) gene. As intermediate of propionate metabolism, MUT converts methylmalonyl−CoA into succinyl−CoA, which enters the Krebs cycle. Downstream MUT deficiency, methylmalonic acid accumulates in body fluids as biomarker of disease. The long-term complications of the disease can include cognitive and neurological impairment, chronic kidney disease, liver failure, and death.
Methods. In order to create a valid cellular model to study the disease, MUT gene was knocked out (KO) in HEK293 cell line by using CRISPR-CAS9 technology. Methylmalonic acid was measured in MUT-KO and wild type (WT) cells by multiple reaction monitoring. A quantitative proteomics analysis was carried out using a label-free mass spectrometry-based approach. Data were processed using MaxQuant software. Moreover, a targeted metabolomics analysis was performed in order to measure an entire panel of amino acids and acylcarnitines.
Results. Methylmalonic acid resulted increased in KO cells if compared with WT ones. The proteomic dataset showed a number of 69 differentially expressed proteins, of which 39 down-regulated and 30 up-regulated in the MUT-KO condition. Gene Ontology analysis revealed an enrichment in energy and lipid metabolism categories. The variations in the metabolomic profile are indicative of alterations in fatty acid oxidation processes and lipid metabolism.
Model-based in silico analysis of the PI3K/Akt pathway: the elucidation of cross-talk between diabetes and breast cancer
Authors: Rehman Sammia , Obaid Ayesha , Naz Anam , Ali Amjad , Kanwal Shahzina , Ahmad Jamil 
Published: November 2018

Background
A positive association between diabetes and breast cancer has been identified by various epidemiological and clinical studies. However, the possible molecular interactions between the two heterogeneous diseases have not been fully determined yet. There are several underlying mechanisms which may increase the risk of breast cancer in diabetic patients.

Introduction
In this study, we focused on the role of O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) enzyme in the regulation of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K) pathway through activation/deactivation of Akt protein. The efficiency of insulin signaling in adipocytes is reduced as a result of OGT overexpression which further attenuates Akt signaling; as a result, the efficiency of insulin signaling is reduced by downregulation of insulin-responsive genes. On the other hand, increased expression of OGT results in Akt activation in breast cancer cells, leading to enhanced cell proliferation and inhibition of the apoptosis. However, the interplay amongst these signaling pathways is still under investigation.

Methods
In this study, we used Petri nets (PNs) to model and investigate the role of PI3K and OGT pathways, acting as key players in crosstalk between diabetes and breast cancer, resulting in progression of these chronic diseases. Moreover, in silico perturbation experiments were applied on the model to analyze the effects of anti-cancer agents (shRNA and BZX) and anti-diabetic drug (Metformin) on the system.

Results
Our PN model reflects the alterations in protein expression and behavior and the correlation between breast cancer and diabetes. The analysis proposed two combination therapies to combat breast cancer progression in diabetic patients including combination of OGTmRNA silencing and OGT inhibitor (BZX) as first combination and BZX and Metformin as the second.

Conclusion
The PN model verified that alterations in O-GlcNAc signaling affect both insulin resistance and breast cancer. Moreover, the combination therapy for breast cancer patients consisting of anti-diabetic drugs such as Metformin along with OGT inhibitors, for example BZX, can produce better treatment regimens.
Functional and solution structure studies of amino sugar deacetylase and deaminase enzymes from Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Davies James S. , Coombes David , Horne Christopher R. , Pearce F. Grant , Friemann Rosmarie , North Rachel A. , Dobson Renwick C. J. 
Published: November 2018

N‐Acetylglucosamine‐6‐phosphate deacetylase (NagA) and glucosamine‐6‐phosphate deaminase (NagB) are branch point enzymes that direct amino sugars into different pathways. For Staphylococcus aureus NagA, analytical ultracentrifugation and small‐angle X‐ray scattering data demonstrate that it is an asymmetric dimer in solution. Initial rate experiments show hysteresis, which may be related to pathway regulation, and kinetic parameters similar to other bacterial isozymes. The enzyme binds two Zn2+ ions and is not substrate inhibited, unlike the Escherichia coli isozyme. S. aureus NagB adopts a novel dimeric structure in solution and shows kinetic parameters comparable to other Gram‐positive isozymes. In summary, these functional data and solution structures are of use for understanding amino sugar metabolism in S. aureus, and will inform the design of inhibitory molecules.
Steeper dose gradients resulting from reduced source to target distance—a planning system independent study
Authors: Bratengeier Klaus , Holubyev Kostyantyn , Wegener Sonja 
Published: November 2018

AbstractPurposeTo quantify the contribution of penumbra in the improvement of healthy tissue sparing at reduced source‐to‐axis distance (SAD) for simple spherical target and different prescription isodoses (PI).MethodA TPS‐independent method was used to estimate three‐dimensional (3D) dose distribution for stereotactic treatment of spherical targets of 0.5 cm radius based on single beam two‐dimensional (2D) film dosimetry measurements. 1 cm target constitutes the worst case for the conformation with standard Multi‐Leaf Collimator (MLC) with 0.5 cm leaf width. The measured 2D transverse dose cross‐sections and the profiles in leaf and jaw directions were used to calculate radial dose distribution from isotropic beam arrangement, for both quadratic and circular beam openings, respectively. The results were compared for standard (100 cm) and reduced SAD 70 and 55 cm for different PI.ResultsFor practical reduction of SAD using quadratic openings, the improvement of healthy tissue sparing (HTS) at distances up to 3 times the PTV radius was at least 6%–12%; gradient indices (GI) were reduced by 3–39% for PI between 40% and 90%. Except for PI of 80% and 90%, quadratic apertures at SAD 70 cm improved the HTS by up to 20% compared to circular openings at 100 cm or were at least equivalent; GI were 3%–33% lower for reduced SAD in the PI range 40%–70%. For PI = 80% and 90% the results depend on the circular collimator model.ConclusionStereotactic treatments of spherical targets delivered at reduced SAD of 70 or 55 cm using MLC spare healthy tissue around the target at least as good as treatments at SAD 100 cm using circular collimators. The steeper beam penumbra at reduced SAD seems to be as important as perfect target conformity. The authors argue therefore that the beam penumbra width should be addressed in the stereotactic studies.
Deep brain stimulation: potential for neuroprotection
Authors: McKinnon Chris , Gros Priti , Lee Darrin J. , Hamani Clement , Lozano Andres M. , Kalia Lorraine V. , Kalia Suneil K. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractOver the last two decades there has been an exponential rise in the number of patients receiving deep brain stimulation (DBS) to manage debilitating neurological symptoms in conditions such as Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, and dystonia. Novel applications of DBS continue to emerge including treatment of various psychiatric conditions (e.g. obsessive‐compulsive disorder, major depression) and cognitive disorders such as Alzheimer's disease. Despite widening therapeutic applications, our understanding of the mechanisms underlying DBS remains limited. In addition to modulation of local and network‐wide neuronal activity, growing evidence suggests that DBS may also have important neuroprotective effects in the brain by limiting synaptic dysfunction and neuronal loss in neurodegenerative disorders. In this review, we consider evidence from preclinical and clinical studies of DBS in Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and epilepsy that suggest chronic stimulation has the potential to mitigate neuronal loss and disease progression.
Autocatalytic Metallization of Fabrics Using Si Ink, for Biosensors, Batteries and Energy Harvesting
Authors: Grell Max , Dincer Can , Le Thao , Lauri Alberto , Nunez Bajo Estefania , Kasimatis Michael , Barandun Giandrin , Maier Stefan A. , Cass Anthony E. G. , Güder Firat 
Published: November 2018

AbstractCommercially available metal inks are mainly designed for planar substrates (for example, polyethylene terephthalate foils or ceramics), and they contain hydrophobic polymer binders that fill the pores in fabrics when printed, thus resulting in hydrophobic electrodes. Here, a low‐cost binder‐free method for the metallization of woven and nonwoven fabrics is presented that preserves the 3D structure and hydrophilicity of the substrate. Metals such as Au, Ag, and Pt are grown autocatalytically, using metal salts, inside the fibrous network of fabrics at room temperature in a two‐step process, with a water‐based silicon particle ink acting as precursor. Using this method, (patterned) metallized fabrics are being enabled to be produced with low electrical resistance (less than 3.5 Ω sq−1). In addition to fabrics, the method is also compatible with other 3D hydrophilic substrates such as nitrocellulose membranes. The versatility of this method is demonstrated by producing coil antennas for wireless energy harvesting, Ag–Zn batteries for energy storage, electrochemical biosensors for the detection of DNA/proteins, and as a substrate for optical sensing by surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy. In the future, this method of metallization may pave the way for new classes of high‐performance devices using low‐cost fabrics.
Record‐Low‐Threshold Lasers Based on Atomically Smooth Triangular Nanoplatelet Perovskite
Authors: Li Guohui , Che Tao , Ji Xingqi , Liu Shaoding , Hao Yuying , Cui Yanxia , Liu Shengzhong 
Published: November 2018

AbstractSingle‐crystalline perovskites are ideal candidates for lasing and other optoelectronic applications. Although significant efforts have been made to grow both bulk single‐crystalline perovskites in liquid solution, their dimensions are still too large to make nanoscale whispering‐gallery‐mode (WGM) resonator based lasers that possess high quality (Q) factor and small volume. Besides, most reported perovskite resonators do not possess atomically smooth surfaces and facets, which limits the Q and thereby increases the lasing threshold. Here, atomically smooth triangular PbI2 templates are fabricated on a mica substrate by the vapor phase deposition method and are converted to atomically smooth perovskites which have regular and unwrinkled facets with average surface roughness less than 2 nm. By using a CH3NH3PbI3 nanoplatelet with a side length of 27 µm and thickness of 80 nm, room temperature WGM lasing with a Q up to 2600 is demonstrated, the highest reported for hybrid organic–inorganic perovskite nanoplatelets. In addition, the volume of the WGM mode is reduced significantly in comparison with the prior reports. The realized high‐quality triangular CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite nanoplatelets with high Q factor and small volume are expected to perform as ideal cavities for long pulse durations lasers and would find potential applications in integrated optoelectronic devices.
Wood‐Derived Hierarchically Porous Electrodes for High‐Performance All‐Solid‐State Supercapacitors
Authors: Wang Yameng , Lin Xiangjun , Liu Ting , Chen Heng , Chen Shuai , Jiang Zhongjie , Liu Jiang , Huang Jianlin , Liu Meilin 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe rapid development of many emerging technologies (e.g., electric vehicles and smart grids) requires advanced energy storage and conversion systems that have higher energy and power density, longer operational life, and better safety. A low‐cost, green, and sustainable process for fabrication of all‐solid‐state asymmetric supercapacitors (ASC) composed of a hierarchically porous carbonized wood (CW) anode, a cellulose paper separator, and a Co(OH)2@CW cathode is reported here. The hierarchically porous wood‐derived electrode exhibits a high areal capacitance of 3.723 F cm−2 (with an areal loading Co(OH)2 of 5.7 mg cm−2) at a current density 1.0 mA cm−2, and 1.568 F cm−2 at a current density of 30 mA cm−2. Moreover, the all‐solid‐state ASC exhibits outstanding energy density of 0.69 mWh cm−2 (10.87 Wh kg−1) at power density of 1.126 W cm−2 (17.75 W kg−1) while maintaining a capacitance retention of 85% after 10 000 continuous charge–discharge cycles. The high energy/power‐densities are attributed to the unique architecture of the electrodes derived from natural wood, which allow full exposure of active electrode materials, efficient current collection, and fast ion transport. Further, the materials are renewable, environmentally friendly, and biodegradable.