bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of upper airway surgery and improved cardiovascular biomarkers and risk in OSA
Authors: Qian Yingjun , Zou Jianyin , Xu Huajun , Zhu Huaming , Meng Lili , Liu Suru , Yi Hongliang , Guan Jian , Yin Shankai 
Published: May 2019

ObjectivesTo evaluate the association between upper airway surgery and changes of cardiological metabolic biomarkers and the overall cardiovascular risk in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and to define factors associated with better cardiovascular outcomes.MethodsA total of 161 patients with newly diagnosed OSA who underwent classical or modified uvulopalatopharyngoplasty with or without genioglossus advancement and hyoid suspension were included. The pre‐ and postoperative (at least 6 months later) assessments, including polysomnography, measurement of glucose and lipids, blood pressure, and overall cardiovascular risk (as estimated by Framingham Risk Scores), were compared. We accounted for multiple comparisons with the use of the Benjamini‐Hochberg correction.ResultsThe mean follow‐up time was 2.5 ± 1.9 years. The apnea hypopnea index decreased significantly in the entire cohort (mean changes with 95% confidence intervals were [−25.3 (−29.5, −21.0) events/hour, P < 0.001]. We also noted decreases in the age‐adjusted Framingham Risk Scores [−2.5% (−4.0%, −1.0%), P < 0.001] as well as single cardiometabolic biomarkers, including glucose [−0.50 (−0.70, −0.30) mmol/L, P < 0.001], total cholesterol [−0.46 (−0.65, −0.28) mmol/L, P < 0.001], triglycerides [−0.56, (−0.99, −0.14) mmol/L, P = 0.014], low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol [−0.27, (−0.43, −0.11) mmol/L, P = 0.002], apolipoprotein B [−0.10 (−0.14, −0.07) g/L, P < 0.001], systolic blood pressure [−3.58 (−6.02, −1.14) mmHg, P = 0.007], and diastolic blood pressure [−3.25 (−5.47, −1.02) mmHg, P = 0.008] after surgery. Patients with preoperative metabolic abnormalities exhibited better postoperative risk profiles changes (P < 0.001). In addition, associations were found between Δapolipoprotein B, Δsystolic blood pressure, and improvements in nocturnal oxygen level after surgery.ConclusionOSA‐related upper airway surgery was associated with improvements in cardiological metabolic biomarker levels and the overall cardiovascular risk, especially in patients with both OSA and metabolic disorders. The changes in biomarker levels may be associated with improved oxygen saturation after surgery.Level of Evidence4Laryngoscope, 130:818–824, 2020
Analysis of the operative utilization of concurrent rhinoplasty and endoscopic sinus surgery
Authors: Kochhar Amit , Zhang Yanchen , Fisher Laurel , Byrne Patrick , Smith Stephanie Shintani , Ference Elisabeth H. 
Published: May 2019

Objectives/HypothesisTo quantify and analyze the concurrent performance of rhinoplasty (RP) (with or without septoplasty) and functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS).Study DesignCross‐sectional analysis.MethodsCurrent Procedural Terminologycodes were used to extract cases of RP (n = 22,360), FESS (n = 99,173), and concurrent RP with FESS (RP + FESS) (n = 1,321) within the State Ambulatory Surgery Databases of California, Florida, Maryland, and New York from 2009 to 2011. Patient demographics, surgeon volume, charge, concurrent nasal procedures, and operating room (OR) time were compared.ResultsAmong the 1,321 RP + FESS combination cases, a majority involved primary rhinoplasty (n = 697, 52.8%), followed by nasal valve repair (n = 563, 42.6%) and revision rhinoplasty (n = 61, 4.6%). High‐volume (n > 30), medium‐volume (n = 10–30), and low‐volume rhinoplasty surgeons (n ≤ 9) were observed to perform a similar number of FESS + RP combination surgeries (153, 152, and 155, respectively). A majority of RP + FESS involved two or fewer sinuses (65%). Mean OR time for RP + FESS was 189.4 ± 4.2 minutes, approximately 50 minutes shorter than the sum of standalone RP performed individually (138.8 ± 1.0 minutes) and standalone FESS (102.9 ± 0.4 minutes).ConclusionsRP + FESS more frequently involved fewer sinuses (compared with FESS alone) and was also less likely to involve revision rhinoplasty (compared with rhinoplasty alone); therefore, these cases may be selected for lower sinus disease burden and less complex rhinoplasty compared to standalone procedures. Procedures combining rhinoplasty and sinus surgery had a reduction in OR time compared to the hypothetical sum of two standalone procedures.Level of EvidenceNALaryngoscope, 130:E311–E319, 2020
Comparison of total and partial ossicular replacement prostheses in patients with an intact stapes suprastructure
Authors: Weiss Nora M. , DO Ha Vy , Großmann Wilma , Oberhoffner Tobias , Schraven Sebastian P. , Mlynski Robert A. 
Published: May 2019

ObjectivesTo compare the results of ossiculoplasty with two different partial ossicular replacement prostheses (PORP) to ossiculoplasty with a total ossicular replacement prosthesis (TORP) in patients with an intact stapes suprastructure.MethodsAll patients required primary or revision surgery for chronic middle ear disease and ossicular reconstruction with either a PORP or a TORP, as well as a with an intact stapes suprastructure. In total, 141 patients receiving classic tympanoplasty with PORP (N = 92), ossiculoplasty with PORP with ball joint (N = 22), or TORP (N = 27) between January 2011 and March 2017 were included in this study. The inclusion criterion was an intact stapes suprastructure. The underlying indication for surgery was either middle ear disease, such as cholesteatoma, or revision surgery for audiological improvement. The main outcome measures were four‐frequency pure tone average (0.5, 1, 2, 3 kHz) at early and late follow‐up after ossiculoplasty, the effects of clinical factors including the underlying middle ear disease, and primary or revision surgery.ResultsAll patients showed a significantly reduced air‐bone gap (ABG 0.5, 1, 2, 3 kHz) at late follow‐up (mean: 18 dB) compared to preoperative measurements (mean: 25.5 dB). A significantly better outcome in ABG closure was shown among patients with a preoperatively intact tympanic membrane, with an intact stapes suprastructure or without preexisting cholesteatoma. Outcome was not significantly influenced by the prosthesis‐type, the creation of an open mastoid cavity, the status of the mucosa, or the indication for surgery.ConclusionTORP with an intact stapes suprastructure is a safe procedure and provides audiological outcomes similar to PORP.Level of Evidence2CLaryngoscope, 130:768–775, 2020
Donor site morbidity of vascularized bone grafts from the medial femoral condyle for osseous revascularization
Authors: Struckmann Victoria Franziska , Rusignuolo Giuseppe , Harhaus Leila , Trinler Ursula , Bickert Berthold , Kneser Ulrich , Kremer Thomas 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundVascularized bone grafts from the medial femoral condyle (MFC) are used to gain surgical revascularization of osseous defects. To date objective data regarding the donor site morbidity are limited. This study aims to evaluate the donor site associated outcome after MFC flap harvest.Patients and MethodsFrom 2008 to 2016, 22 patients who underwent MFC bone flap harvest for osseous revascularization of 9 talus, 8 scaphoids, 2 metacarpals, 1 phalanx, 1 pilon tibiale, and 1 distal femur were included.Outcome analysis was performed for the whole cohort as well as for two subgroups (recipient site upper [group A] and lower extremity [group B]) by the lower extremity functional scale (LEFS), the OAK‐score of the Swiss Orthopedic Society and the visual analog scale (VAS). Additionally, a 3D gait analysis was performed for four patients.ResultsThe mean flap size was 1 × 1 × 3 cm. No flap loss was observed. One minor surgical revision was performed due to donor site hematoma. Mean follow‐up was 35.8 (12–98) months. Mean LEFS‐score was 74.9 ± 9.5 (A: 74.3 ± 7.9; B: 75.6 ± 11.2, p > .05) and OAK‐score was 92.8 ± 9.4 (A: 93.2 ± 5.8; B: 92.4 ± 12.3, p > .05). At follow‐up examination, pain at rest was stated with 0.1 ± 0.2 (A: 0.1 ± 0.3; B 0 ± 0, p > .05) and with activity 0.6 ± 1.4 (A: 1.2 ± 1.8; B: 0 ± 0, p > .05) on VAS. The 3‐D gait analysis showed normative walking patterns.ConclusionAfter MFC flap harvest knee function and gait pattern were almost unimpaired. Donor site morbidity can be considered as being of minor concern in the decision‐making for this microvascular procedure.
Psychosocial interventions for advanced cancer patients: A systematic review
Authors: Teo Irene , Krishnan Anirudh , Lee Geok Ling 
Published: May 2019

AbstractObjectivePsychosocial care for advanced cancer encompasses a wide range of interventions that help patients make life‐changing decisions, manage debilitating symptoms, confront impending mortality, and improve other patient outcomes. Psychosocial care is becoming increasingly available to advanced cancer patients; however, an overview of the various types of interventions is lacking.MethodsThe current review systematically examined randomised‐controlled trials of psychosocial interventions for advanced cancer patients from January 2007 to June 2018. MEDLINE, CINAHL Plus, PsycINFO, and Scopus databases were searched, and a total of 68 studies were included in the review.ResultsWe found a range of psychosocial interventions studies and grouped them based on six theoretical/clinical approaches: cognitive behavioural therapy based; meaning enhancing; dignity, life review, and narrative; other counselling; education only; and music, writing, and others. The different psychosocial interventions had significantly varied characteristics (eg, format, duration, and resources used) to address issues faced by advanced cancer patients. There is compelling evidence for the use of meaning‐centred psychotherapy to improve meaning and quality of life and use of question prompt lists and communication skills training to improve communication with health care providers.ConclusionsSome psychosocial interventions are further along in establishing evidence for effectiveness. Our findings demonstrate a growing capacity within the field to meet the psychosocial needs of advanced cancer patients. Lessons and direction in clinical practice and future research endeavours are discussed.
Neural feedback is insufficient in preterm infants during neurally adjusted ventilatory assist
Authors: Nam Soo Kyung , Lee Juyoung , Jun Yong Hoon 
Published: May 2019

AbstractObjectivesTo investigate the effects of changing assistance levels on respiratory patterns, including peak inspiratory pressure (PIP), overassistance, work of breathing, and discomfort in preterm infants during neurally adjusted ventilatory assist (NAVA).Working hypothesisOnce the lungs reach optimal inflation, negative feedback suppresses neural respiratory drive and therefore, the electrical activity of the diaphragm (Edi) such that the lungs are protected from overinflation and breathing work is reduced.Study designA prospective study was conducted in 14 preterm infants (median postconceptional age of 32.1 weeks) who received at least 24 hours of ventilatory support for respiratory distress.MethodologyIncreasing and decreasing NAVA levels (from 0.5 to 4.0 cmH2O/µV with an interval of 0.5 cmH
2O/µV) were applied for 10 minutes each. Data recorded for the last 5 minutes of each NAVA level were analyzed. Heart rate and oxygen saturation were recorded and premature infant pain profiles were calculated.ResultsAn inflection point for PIP was not evident during increasing and decreasing assistance. Increasing NAVA levels caused greater variability in PIP and a higher proportion of the excessive tidal volume of more than 10 mL/kg. Peak Edi and discomfort scale decreased shortly after a small change in NAVA levels during increasing assistance. However, during decreasing assistance, peak Edi and discomfort scale remained low until a large reduction in NAVA levels.ConclusionAlthough NAVA can effectively alleviate the respiratory muscle work and discomfort, the neural feedback for protection from lung overinflation seems to be insufficient in preterm infants.
Concentration–QT Modeling Following Inhalation of the Novel Inhaled Phosphodiesterase‐4 Inhibitor CHF6001 in Healthy Volunteers Shows an Absence of QT Prolongation
Authors: Jolling Koen , Äbelö Angela , Luyckx Nicolas , Nandeuil Marie‐Anna , Govoni Mirco , Cella Massimo , Lindauer Andreas 
Published: May 2019

Concentration‐QTcF data obtained from two phase I studies in healthy volunteers treated with a novel phosphodiesterase‐4 inhibitor currently under development for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were analyzed by means of mixed‐effects modeling. A simple linear mixed‐effects model and a more complex model that included oscillatory functions were employed and compared. The slope of the concentration‐QTcF relationship was not significantly greater than 0 in both approaches, and the simulations showed that the upper limit of the 90% confidence interval around the mean ΔΔQTcF is not expected to exceed 10 ms within the range of clinically relevant concentrations. An additional simulation study confirmed the robustness of the simple linear mixed‐effects model for the analysis of concentration‐QT data and supported the modeling of data obtained from studies with different designs (parallel and crossover).
Diallyl disulfide attenuation effect on transcriptome in rat liver cells against cadmium chloride toxicity
Authors: Cobb‐Abdullah Ahkinyala , Lyles Leonard Roy , Odewumi Caroline O , Latinwo Lekan M , Badisa Veera Ld , Abazinge Michael 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIn this report, liver cells were treated with cadmium chloride (CdCl2) and diallyl disulfide (DADS), a major compound from garlic to attenuate the toxic effect of Cd on transcriptome. The viability of Cd treated cells was reduced to 19.9% ± 2.4% in comparison to the untreated cells, whereas the viability of DADS pretreated cells was increased to 48.6% ± 2%. The attenuation effect of DADS was studied at shorter period (6 hours). Transcriptome analysis of CdCl2 alone treated cells resulted in 2119 and 982 (up and down) regulated genes (≥ 2 or ≤ 2‐fold), whereas pretreated cells with DADS resulted in 2597 and 1784 genes. These genes were known to function in many important biological processes. Affymetrix array analysis was validated by the pathway specific PCR array that exhibited the same trend of expression. The current study clearly shows the DADS attenuation effect on transcriptome in CdCl2‐treated rat liver cells.
Antenatal Presentation of TMEM5 Gene-Associated Congenital Muscular Dystrophy Expanding the Phenotypic and Genotypic Spectrum
Authors: Arora Veronica , Puri Ratna-Dua , Bijarnia-Mahay Sunita , Verma I. C. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractWe describe a clinicoautopsy phenotype of an occipital skull defect, ventriculomegaly, agenesis of corpus callosum and Dandy Walker Malformation (DWM) with a novel single base insertion in the TMEM5 gene, known to cause Walker Warburg syndrome. The clinical features of DWM extends the phenotype, while the pathogenic variant observed expands the mutational spectrum of the syndrome. This case highlights the importance of detailed postnatal phenotyping after a pregnancy is discontinued for an antenatallly detected malformation. Fetal samples must also be preserved for genetic tests to allow an etiological diagnosis in these situations. It is important for the fetal medicine specialists to remember to test for single gene disorders, after a normal chromosomal microarray especially in case of recurrence of a disease in a family.
Studies of Horned Curassow Pauxi unicornis in Bolivia
Authors: Cox Guy , Read J. M. , Clarke R. O. S. , Easty V. S. 
Published: May 2019

Observations of the Horned Curassow Pauxi unicomis in Amboro National Park, depto. Santa Cruz, Bolivia, allowed us to assess the status of a species whose habits in the wild were virtually unknown. Vocalizations, including call notes and the deep booming song, are described. Density was estimated by counting booming birds in the breeding season using a three-hide triangulation method. The study showed birds to be aggregated in one part of the study area. A nest of was found and the incubating female was observed for nine days: the individual incubated alone, left the nest at night, and returned at first light.Observaciones de la Pava Copete de Piedra (Pava Crista Azul) Pauxi unicomis en el Parque Nacional Amboró, depto. Santa Cruz, Bolivia, nos permitió evaluar el estado de una especie cuyo comportamiento en el ambiente silvestre es prácticamente desconocido. Se describen vocalizaciones, que incluyen notas de llamada “call notes” y el profundo canto de estampida “deep booming song.” Se estimó la densidad de las aves por conteo de los sonidos de estampida “booming birds” durante la estacion reproductiva, usando un método de triangulación con tres puestos de observatión. Este estudio mostró que las aves se agregaban en una parte del área del estudio. Se encontró un nido de Pauxi unicomis y al hembra fue observada durante nueve dias durante la incubación; la hembra incubaba sóla, dejaba el nido por la noche y regresaba a las primeras horas del amanecer.
Harwood's FrancolinFrancolinus harwoodi: recent observations on its status, distribution, habitat requirements, behaviour and threats
Authors: Robertson P.A. , Dellelegn Yilma , Dejene Sileshi , Shimelis Anteneh , W/mariam Tadesse , Alemayehu Million 
Published: May 2019

In May 1996 the authors carried out surveys of Harwood's Francolin Francolinus harwoodi, a threatened and restricted-range species, within the upper reaches of the Abay Basin, North Shoa Administrative Region, Ethiopia. The species is known from a small range in the Abay Basin but has not been reliably recorded away from a single site in the Jema Valley since 1930. Harwood's Francolin was found in the Jema Valley and valleys of adjacent river systems and, according to local reports, its range extends northwards into Southern Wello Administrative Region, a northerly extension of its previously known range. The species was found to be locally abundant, with transect counts giving a maximum density estimate of 92 birds/km2.Typhabeds had been considered a crucial element in the species's habitat, but our observations suggest that althoughTyphabeds are sometimes used they are not an essential requirement. The main threat to the species's survival appears to be from clearance of thorn scrub rather than from clearance of Typha beds. Additional threats come from hunting for food and for sale at market, and collection of eggs.Observations of courtship and mating in May and local reports of eggs in October indicate an earlier start to the breeding season than previously reported (first egg dates in December). The species may have two broods or have an extended, non-synchronous breeding season, timed to coincide with the rainy season and early dry season (May-December). Birds were observed to be highly gregarious and observations of courtship suggest that the species may be polygamous.Recommendations are given for the conservation of the species, including further survey work and collaboration with local communities to identify and protect key areas of habitat.
Improved CPT system with less voltage stress and sensitivity using a step‐down transformer on receiving side
Authors: Mostafa Tarek M. , Muharam Aam , Patrick Hu Aiguo , Hattori Reiji 
Published: May 2019

This paper proposes a capacitive power transfer (CPT) system with a step‐down transformer on the secondary side to reduce the circuit quality factor (Q), and thereby reduce the sensitivity to parameters variations, as well as the voltage stress across the coupling interface. The system operating principle is analyzed mathematically, and the focus is given to understand the effect of the leakage inductance (Llk) of the non‐ideal transformer on the system performance. The analytical and simulation results show that at a given constant output power, the voltage across the plates is significantly reduced, and the system becomes less sensitive to the coupling variations by increasing the turns ratio of the step‐down transformer. It is found that Llk can be advantageously utilized as a tuning inductor (L) or part of it. The proposed method is verified by building a prototype CPT system that delivered 25 W at an operation frequency of 1 MHz, and an efficiency of more than 70%. Simultaneously, the voltage stress across the single pair of the coupling plates is reduced from 252 V of a conventional CPT system without a step‐down transformer, to 50.4 V using a high‐frequency transformer with a turns ratio of 5.
One-Stage Augmentation Mastopexy: A Retrospective Ten-Year Review of 2183 Consecutive Procedures
Authors: Messa Charles A , Messa Charles A 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Background
Although numerous studies supporting breast augmentation with simultaneous mastopexy have been reported, concerns persist among surgeons regarding the safety of this procedure.

Objectives
The authors sought to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of 1-stage augmentation mastopexy by analyzing long-term complication and reoperation rates.

Methods
The authors conducted a retrospective review of 1131 patients who underwent 2183 consecutive 1-stage augmentation mastopexy procedures from January 2006 to August 2016. Patient demographics, operative technique, and implant specifications were measured and analyzed with surgical outcomes. Long-term complication and reoperation rates were noted.

Results
Over a mean follow-up period of 43 months (range, 4-121 months), the overall complication rate was 15.3% (n = 173) with a reoperation rate of 14.7% (n = 166). Tissue-related complications included hypertrophic scarring in 2.5% (n = 28) and recurrent ptosis in 2.1% (n = 24). The most common implant-related complication was capsular contracture (Baker III or IV) in 2.8% (n = 32). The most common indications for reoperation were recurrent ptosis in 3.5% (n = 40 patients) and desire to change implant size in 3.2% (n = 36 patients). Circumareolar augmentation mastopexy technique was associated with a higher reoperation rate of 25.7% (P &lt; 0.0005). Patients with a history of smoking had a higher incidence of complications (26.1%) and reoperations (22.5%; P &lt; 0.0005). There were no cases of significant skin flap necrosis (&gt;2 cm).

Conclusions
One-stage augmentation mastopexy can be safely performed with a reoperation rate that is significantly lower than when the procedure is staged. The effectiveness of this procedure is defined by a low complication rate and a reduced number of operations for the patient.

Level of Evidence: 4
Perceived threat to paternity reduces likelihood of paternal provisioning in house wrens
Authors: DiSciullo Rachael A , Thompson Charles F , Sakaluk Scott K 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Biparental care is a critical and, occasionally, unequally shared obligation that ensures that young survive to maturity. Such care may be complicated in systems in which one parent, typically the male, is unsure of his genetic relatedness to the young. Males may reduce paternal provisioning when full paternity is not assured, as occurs in mating systems in which females engage in extrapair copulations. Moreover, other factors independent of extrapair matings, such as male personality traits, likely also affect the level of paternal care. In this study, we determined the effect of a paternity threat event (i.e., a conspecific or a heterospecific territory intrusion) and male personality (i.e., the level of aggressiveness) on provisioning effort by male house wrens (Troglodytes aedon). Males were more likely to attack a conspecific intruder than a heterospecific intruder. Males that were exposed to a conspecific intruder were less likely to provision young at all. Of those males that did feed the young in their nest, male aggressiveness did not relate to feeding effort. These findings suggest that the likelihood of paternal care is reduced by perceived threats to paternity but that the costs of not feeding potentially multisired young are high and feeding efforts are unrelated to male personality.