bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Successful treatment of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis hepatitis in a cat presenting with neurological abnormalities
Authors: Thompson Dan 
Published: May 2019

Case summary A 3-year-7-month-old female neutered domestic shorthair cat was presented for further investigation of acute-onset neurological abnormalities, including marked decreased mentation, ataxia and abnormal cranial nerve responses, with concurrent marked pyrexia (40ºC). Initial blood testing was non-specific with mild-to-moderate increases in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (194 IU/l; reference interval [RI] 17–62 IU/l), aspartate aminotransferase (AST; 150 IU/l [RI 0–51 IU/l]) and total bilirubin (20 µmol/l; RI 0–11 µmol/l), and neutropenia (1.17 ×109/l; RI 2.5–12.5 ×109/l). Brain MRI and cerebrospinal fluid analysis were unremarkable and Toxoplasma serology was negative. Worsening of hepatic biochemical parameters (ALT 265 IU/l, AST 205 IU/l, total bilirubin 42.9 µmol/l) led to further investigations for liver disease, including ultrasound, fine-needle aspirate cytology, histology, fluorescent in situ hybridisation and culture of liver tissue and bile, resulting in a diagnosis of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis hepatitis. The cat was treated with a combination of potentiated amoxicillin (62.5 mg PO q12h), marbofloxacin (5mg PO q24h) and combined s-adenosyl methionine (SAMe)/silybin (90 mg PO q24h), and made a full recovery. Follow-up over 14 months identified a persistent mild increase in ALT, despite no apparent ongoing disease. Relevance and novel information Yersinia pseudotuberculosis hepatitis should be considered as a differential diagnosis in cats presenting with acute-onset neurological signs, and, when diagnosed, can be successfully treated with a combination of marbofloxacin, potentiated amoxicillin and SAMe/silybin. This is the first such case treated successfully with licensed veterinary antimicrobials and the first instance where Y pseudotuberculosis hepatitis has presented with primarily neurological clinical signs.
Clinical outcome after treatment of single and multiple cartilage defects by autologous matrix-induced chondrogenesis
Authors: Gudas Rimtautas , Mačiulaitis Justinas , Staškūnas Mantas , Smailys Alfredas 
Published: May 2019

Purpose: Characterized cartilage lesions have a distinct impact on postoperative clinical outcome, which is still being evaluated. The purpose of this study was to assess the postoperative clinical outcome of autologous matrix-induced chondrogenesis (AMIC) for characterized cartilage lesions. Methods: Fifteen patients with articular cartilage (AC) defects of the knee were included in the study. AC defects were characterized intraoperatively by International Cartilage Repair Society score. Grade III–IV AC lesions were treated with AMIC; grade I–II lesions were left untreated. Patients were divided into subgroups and clinically evaluated by subjective autologous matrix-induced chondrogenesis (IKDC) and Tegner scores at median follow-up of 4.5 years. Results: Twenty-eight AC defects were diagnosed (1.9/patient). Multiple subgroup had larger diagnosed (7 ± 2.3 cm2, p = 0.022) and untreated (3.1 ± 2.3 cm2, p = 0.012) lesion areas than the single subgroup. Partly treated subgroup had larger untreated defect areas (3.6±2.3 cm2, p = 0.025) than the Treated subgroup. Average subjective IKDC values of total group and individual subgroups improved significantly at follow-up. More patients restored their previous activity levels ( p = 0.026) and had higher incremental subjective IKDC scores ( p = 0.014) in the single subgroup than the multiple subgroup. Diagnosed defect size negatively correlated to subjective IKDC incremental ( r = −0.624, p = 0.023) and postoperative scores ( r = −0.545, p = 0.054) in total group. Conclusions: AMIC can have a clinically relevant outcome for patients with single or multiple knee AC lesions; however, clinical outcome is superior in patients with a single defect per knee. Patients with single defects returned to previous physical activity levels significantly faster than patients with multiple defects. Diagnosed AC defect areas negatively correlate to clinical improvement at follow-up.
Comparison of Short-term Biodex Results After Anatomic Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Among 3 Autografts
Authors: Hughes Jonathan D. , Burnham Jeremy M. , Hirsh Angela , Musahl Volker , Fu Freddie H. , Irrgang James J. , Lynch Andrew D. 
Published: May 2019

Background: An individualized approach to anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) typically includes criteria-based postoperative rehabilitation. However, recent literature has suggested residual quadriceps weakness up to 12 months after ACLR, especially with a quadriceps tendon (QT) autograft. Hypothesis: The QT would have poorer quadriceps strength symmetry at 5 to 8 months compared with the hamstring tendon (HS) and patellar tendon (BPTB), but there would be no significant difference at 9 to 15 months among all 3 groups. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Patients who underwent anatomic primary ACLR with an autograft were reviewed retrospectively. Isometric quadriceps and hamstring strength measurements were obtained clinically at 5 to 8 months and 9 to 15 months postoperatively. Return-to-running and return-to-play criteria included greater than 80% and 90% quadriceps strength symmetry, respectively. Results: A total of 73 patients with 5- to 8-month follow-up were identified, and 52 patients had 9- to 15-month data. The QT group had a significantly lower quadriceps index at 5 to 8 months (69.5 ± 17.4) compared with the BPTB (82.8 ± 14.6; P = .014) and the HS (86.0 ± 18.6; P = .001) groups. More patients with an BPTB autograft met criteria for return to running and return to play (60% and 47%, respectively) compared with the QT group (26% and 13%, respectively) at 5 to 8 months. Given the sample sizes available, we observed no significant difference in the quadriceps index and return-to-play and return-to-running criteria at 9 to 15 months among those undergoing ACLR with a QT, BPTB, or HS graft. Conclusion: Patients undergoing ACLR with a QT graft demonstrated clinically meaningful quadriceps asymmetry at 5 to 8 months and 9 to 15 months postoperatively. Additionally, fewer patients in the QT group met criteria for return to play and running at 5 to 8 months than the BPTB and HS groups. These data suggest that a longer time to return to play and specific rehabilitation protocols that emphasize quadriceps strengthening may be necessary because of residual quadriceps weakness after ACLR with a QT graft.
EFL1 mutations impair eIF6 release to cause Shwachman-Diamond syndrome
Authors: Tan Shengjiang , Kermasson Laëtitia , Hoslin Angela , Jaako Pekka , Faille Alexandre , Acevedo-Arozena Abraham , Lengline Etienne , Ranta Dana , Poirée Maryline , Fenneteau Odile , Ducou le Pointe Hubert , Fumagalli Stefano , Beaupain Blandine , Nitschké Patrick , Bôle-Feysot Christine , de Villartay Jean-Pierre , Bellanné-Chantelot Christine , Donadieu Jean , Kannengiesser Caroline , Warren Alan J. , Revy Patrick 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Shwachman-Diamond syndrome (SDS) is a recessive disorder typified by bone marrow failure and predisposition to hematological malignancies. SDS is predominantly caused by deficiency of the allosteric regulator Shwachman-Bodian-Diamond syndrome that cooperates with elongation factor-like GTPase 1 (EFL1) to catalyze release of the ribosome antiassociation factor eIF6 and activate translation. Here, we report biallelic mutations in EFL1 in 3 unrelated individuals with clinical features of SDS. Cellular defects in these individuals include impaired ribosomal subunit joining and attenuated global protein translation as a consequence of defective eIF6 eviction. In mice, Efl1 deficiency recapitulates key aspects of the SDS phenotype. By identifying biallelic EFL1 mutations in SDS, we define this leukemia predisposition disorder as a ribosomopathy that is caused by corruption of a fundamental, conserved mechanism, which licenses entry of the large ribosomal subunit into translation.
A novel model of controlling PD-L1 expression in ALK+ anaplastic large cell lymphoma revealed by CRISPR screening
Authors: Zhang Jing-Ping , Song Zhihui , Wang Hong-Bo , Lang Lang , Yang Yuan-Zhong , Xiao Wenming , Webster Daniel E. , Wei Wei , Barta Stefan K. , Kadin Marshall E. , Staudt Louis M. , Nakagawa Masao , Yang Yibin 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The success of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/PD-L1-based immunotherapy highlights the critical role played by PD-L1 in cancer progression and reveals an urgent need to develop new approaches to attenuate PD-L1 function by gaining insight into how its expression is controlled. Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALK+ ALCL) expresses a high level of PD-L1 as a result of the constitutive activation of multiple oncogenic signaling pathways downstream of ALK activity, making it an excellent model in which to define the signaling processes responsible for PD-L1 upregulation in tumor cells. Here, using clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 library screening, we sought a comprehensive understanding of the molecular effectors required for PD-L1 regulation in ALK+ ALCL. Indeed, we determined that PD-L1 induction is dependent on the nucleophosmin-ALK oncoprotein activation of STAT3, as well as a signalosome containing GRB2/SOS1, which activates the MEK-ERK and PI3K-AKT signaling pathways. These signaling networks, through STAT3 and the GRB2/SOS1, ultimately induce PD-L1 expression through the action of transcription factors IRF4 and BATF3 on the enhancer region of the PD-L1 gene. IRF4 and BATF3 are essential for PD-L1 upregulation, and IRF4 expression is correlated with PD-L1 levels in primary ALK+ ALCL tissues. Targeting this oncogenic signaling pathway in ALK+ ALCL largely inhibited the ability of PD-L1-mediated tumor immune escape when cocultured with PD-1-positive T cells and natural killer cells. Thus, our identification of this previously unrecognized regulatory hub not only accelerates our understanding of the molecular circuitry that drives tumor immune escape but also provides novel opportunities to improve immunotherapeutic intervention strategies.
‘Global mental health’: systematic review of the term and its implicit priorities
Authors: Misra Supriya , Stevenson Anne , Haroz Emily E. , de Menil Victoria , Koenen Karestan C. 
Published: May 2019

Background
The term ‘global mental health’ came to the fore in 2007, when the Lancet published a series by that name.

Aims
To review all peer-reviewed articles using the term ‘global mental health’ and determine the implicit priorities of scientific literature that self-identifies with this term.

Method
We conducted a systematic review to quantify all peer-reviewed articles using the English term ‘global mental health’ in their text published between 1 January 2007 and 31 December 2016, including by geographic regions and by mental health conditions.

Results
A total of 467 articles met criteria. Use of the term ‘global mental health’ increased from 12 articles in 2007 to 114 articles in 2016. For the 111 empirical studies (23.8% of articles), the majority (78.4%) took place in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), with the most in Sub-Saharan Africa (28.4%) and South Asia (25.5%) and none from Central Asia. The most commonly studied mental health conditions were depression (29.7%), psychoses (12.6%) and conditions specifically related to stress (12.6%), with fewer studies on epilepsy (2.7%), self-harm and suicide (1.8%) and dementia (0.9%). The majority of studies lacked contextual information, including specific region(s) within countries where studies took place (20.7% missing), specific language(s) in which studies were conducted (36.9% missing), and details on ethnic identities such as ethnicity, caste and/or tribe (79.6% missing) and on socioeconomic status (85.4% missing).

Conclusions
Research identifying itself as ‘global mental health’ has focused predominantly on depression in LMICs and lacked contextual and sociodemographic data that limit interpretation and application of findings.

Declaration of interest
None.
Randomized Phase II Trial of Chemoradiotherapy Plus Induction or Consolidation Chemotherapy as Total Neoadjuvant Therapy for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer: CAO/ARO/AIO-12
Authors: Fokas Emmanouil , Allgäuer Michael , Polat Bülent , Klautke Gunther , Grabenbauer Gerhard G. , Fietkau Rainer , Kuhnt Thomas , Staib Ludger , Brunner Thomas , Grosu Anca-Ligia , Schmiegel Wolff , Jacobasch Lutz , Weitz Jürgen , Folprecht Gunnar , Schlenska-Lange Anke , Flentje Michael , Germer Christoph-Thomas , Grützmann Robert , Schwarzbach Matthias , Paolucci Vittorio , Bechstein Wolf O. , Friede Tim , Ghadimi Michael , Hofheinz Ralf-Dieter , Rödel Claus ,   on behalf of the German Rectal Cancer Study Group
Published: May 2019

PURPOSE Total neoadjuvant therapy is a new paradigm for rectal cancer treatment. Optimal scheduling of preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) and chemotherapy remains to be established. PATIENTS AND METHODS We conducted a multicenter, randomized, phase II trial using a pick-the-winner design on the basis of the hypothesis of an increased pathologic complete response (pCR) of 25% after total neoadjuvant therapy compared with standard 15% after preoperative CRT. Patients with stage II or III rectal cancer were assigned to group A for induction chemotherapy using three cycles of fluorouracil, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin before fluorouracil/oxaliplatin CRT (50.4 Gy) or to group B for consolidation chemotherapy after CRT. Secondary end points included toxicity, compliance, and surgical morbidity. RESULTS Of the 311 patients enrolled, 306 patients were evaluable (156 in group A and 150 in group B). CRT-related grade 3 or 4 toxicity was lower (37% v 27%) and compliance with CRT higher in group B (91%, 78%, and 76% v 97%, 87%, and 93% received full-dose radiotherapy, concomitant fluorouracil, and concomitant oxaliplatin in groups A and B, respectively); 92% versus 85% completed all induction/consolidation chemotherapy cycles, respectively. The longer interval between completion of CRT and surgery in group B (median 90 v 45 days in group A) did not increase surgical morbidity. A pCR in the intention-to-treat population was achieved in 17% in group A and in 25% in group B. Thus, only group B ( P < .001), but not group A ( P = .210), fulfilled the predefined statistical hypothesis. CONCLUSION Up-front CRT followed by chemotherapy resulted in better compliance with CRT but worse compliance with chemotherapy compared with group A. Long-term follow-up will assess whether improved pCR in group B translates to better oncologic outcome.
The application of a vascular closure device for closing a gastrostomy opening used for procedural access
Authors: Cho Sung Bum , Kim Hyoung Rae , Jung Eui-Chul , Chung Hwan Hoon , Lee Seung Hwa , Park Beom Jin , Sung Deuk Jae 
Published: May 2019

Objective:
To study the feasibility of applying the Perclose ProGlide vascular closure device (PPVCD) in vitro for closing a gastrostomy opening for procedural access in the swine stomach in order to prevent peritoneal leakage.

Methods:
The study included four experimental groups: one manual suture (n = 10), two manual sutures (n = 10), one PPVCD suture (n = 10), and two PPVCD sutures (n = 5). In the two PPVCD sutures group, the “pre-close” technique was used. The leak pressure was measured, and statistical analysis was conducted to compare the leak pressures among the experimental groups.

Results:
The gastrostomy openings were successfully closed in all experimental groups. The median (range) values of leak pressure (mmHg) for each experimental group were as follows: one manual suture, 86.0 (75.0–110.0); two manual sutures, 98.5 (44.0–130.0); one PPVCD suture, 96.5 (56.0–119.0); and two PPVCD sutures, 98.0 (66.0–104.0). The Mann–Whitney U test revealed no statistically significant difference in leak pressure between the manual (n = 20) and PPVCD (n = 15) suture groups. The Kruskal–Wallis test revealed no statistically significant difference in leak pressure among the four experimental groups. The Bonferroni post hoc test also revealed no statistically significant difference in the pairwise comparisons among the groups.

Conclusion:
Application of PPVCD is feasible for the closure of gastrostomy openings in an animal model and is as effective as a manual suture.

Advances in knowledge:
In our in vitro study, percutaneous closure of gastrostomy opening using PPVCD was possible; animal survival studies and development of specific devices are needed before clinical application.
Total hip arthroplasty following failed intertrochanteric hip fracture fixation treated with a cephalomedullary nail
Authors: Smith A. , Denehy K. , Ong K. L. , Lau E. , Hagan D. , Malkani A. 
Published: May 2019

AimsCephalomedullary nails (CMNs) are commonly used for the treatment of intertrochanteric hip fractures. Total hip arthroplasty (THA) may be used as a salvage procedure when fixation fails in these patients. The aim of this study was to analyze the complications of THA following failed intertrochanteric hip fracture fixation using a CMN.Patients and MethodsPatients who underwent THA were identified from the 5% subset of Medicare Parts A/B between 2002 and 2015. A subgroup involving those with an intertrochanteric fracture that was treated using a CMN during the previous five years was identified and compared with the remaining patients who underwent THA. The length of stay (LOS) was compared using both univariate and multivariate analysis. The incidence of infection, dislocation, revision, and re-admission was compared between the two groups, using multivariate analysis adjusted for demographic, hospital, and clinical factors.ResultsThe Medicare data yielded 56 522 patients who underwent primary THA, of whom 369 had previously been treated with a CMN. The percentage of THAs that were undertaken between 2002 and 2005 in patients who had previously been treated with a CMN (0.346%) more than doubled between 2012 and 2015 (0.781%). The CMN group tended to be older and female, and to have a higher Charlson Comorbidity Index and lower socioeconomic status. The mean LOS was 1.5 days longer (5.3 vs 3.8) in the CMN group (p < 0.0001). The incidence of complications was significantly higher in the CMN group compared with the non-CMN group: infection (6.2% vs 2.6%), dislocation (8.1% vs 4.5%), revision (8.4% vs 4.3%), revision for infection (1.1% vs 0.37%), and revision for dislocation (2.2% vs 0.6%).ConclusionThe incidence of conversion to THA following failed intertrochanteric hip fracture fixation using a CMN continues to increase. This occurs in elderly patients with increased comorbidities. There is a significantly increased risk of infection, dislocation, and LOS in these patients. Patients with failed intertrochanteric hip fracture fixation using a CMN who require THA should be made aware of the increased risk of complications, and steps need to be taken to reduce this risk. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2019;101-B(6 Supple B):91–96.
Correction of mildly dysplastic hips with periacetabular osteotomy demonstrates promising outcomes, achievement of correction goals, and excellent five-year survivorship
Authors: Livermore A. T. , Anderson L. A. , Anderson M. B. , Erickson J. A. , Peters C. L. 
Published: May 2019

AimsThe aim of this study was to compare patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), radiological measurements, and total hip arthroplasty (THA)-free survival in patients who underwent periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) for mild, moderate, or severe developmental dysplasia of the hip.Patients and MethodsWe performed a retrospective study involving 336 patients (420 hips) who underwent PAO by a single surgeon at an academic centre. After exclusions, 124 patients (149 hips) were included. The preoperative lateral centre-edge angle (LCEA) was used to classify the severity of dysplasia: 18° to 25° was considered mild (n = 20), 10° to 17° moderate (n = 66), and < 10° severe (n = 63). There was no difference in patient characteristics between the groups (all, p > 0.05). Pre- and postoperative radiological measurements were made. The National Institute of Health’s Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) outcome measures (physical function computerized adaptive test (PF CAT), Global Physical and Mental Health Scores) were collected. Failure was defined as conversion to THA or PF CAT scores < 40, and was assessed with Kaplan–Meier analysis. The mean follow-up was five years (2 to 10) ending in either failure or the latest contact with the patient.ResultsThere was no significant difference in PROMs for moderate (p = 0.167) or severe (p = 0.708) groups compared with the mild dysplasia group. The numerical pain scores were between 2 and 3 units in all groups at the final follow-up (all, p > 0.05). There was no significant difference (all, p > 0.05) in the proportion of patients achieving target correction for the LCEA between groups. The mean correction was 12° in the mild, 15° in the moderate (p = 0.135), and 23° in the severe group (p < 0.001). Failure-free survival at five years was 100% for mild, 79% for moderate, and 92% for severely dysplastic hips (p = 0.225).ConclusionAlthough requiring less correction than hips with moderate or severe dysplasia, we found PAO for mild dysplasia to be associated with promising PROMs, consistent with that of the general United States population, and excellent survivorship at five years. Future studies should compare these results with the outcome after arthroscopy of the hip in patients with mild dysplasia. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2019;101-B(6 Supple B):16–22.
Acolhimento Puerperal no Contexto Atribuído às Primíparas / Puerperal Reception in the Context Assigned to the Primiparous
Authors: Lélis Beatriz Dutra Brasão , Pereira Raissa Carolina , Silva Lays Figueiredo Inácio da , Leite Adriana Moraes , Dusso Mirna Isicawa de Sousa , Bernardes Nicole Blanco 
Published: May 2019

Objetivo: analisar e compreender os sentimentos de puérperas primíparas que participaram do curso de gestante e suas consequências na prática do cuidar relacionados à maternidade no contexto do parto, nascimento e cuidados com o neonato. Metodologia: no estudo foi usado o método exploratório e descritivo de abordagem qualitativa, pautado no conceito de humanização, na modalidade de análise temática, a partir de entrevistas com as puérperas primíparas em seu domicílio. Resultados: Os depoimentos trazem o impacto de ser mãe pela primeira vez diante do nascimento que remete repercussões no puerpério dessas primíparas. A participação no Curso de Gestantes remeteu resultados positivos e de significativa importância na vida dessas primíparas. Considerações finais: ficou nítido a importância do apoio de profissionais compartilhando o conhecimento e possuindo a sensibilidade de compreender não só os aspectos biológicos, mas também os emocionais, sociais e culturais em que a primípara se encontra, prestando uma assistência qualificada.