bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Automatic Genetic Fuzzy c-Means
Authors: Jebari Khalid , Elmoujahid Abdelaziz , Ettouhami Aziz 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Fuzzy c-means is an efficient algorithm that is amply used for data clustering. Nonetheless, when using this algorithm, the designer faces two crucial choices: choosing the optimal number of clusters and initializing the cluster centers. The two choices have a direct impact on the clustering outcome. This paper presents an improved algorithm called automatic genetic fuzzy c-means that evolves the number of clusters and provides the initial centroids. The proposed algorithm uses a genetic algorithm with a new crossover operator, a new mutation operator, and modified tournament selection; further, it defines a new fitness function based on three cluster validity indices. Real data sets are used to demonstrate the effectiveness, in terms of quality, of the proposed algorithm.
Synthesis and characterization of the removal of organic pollutants in effluents
Authors: Bakayoko Moussa , Kalakodio Loissi , Kalagodio Adiara , Abo Bodjui Olivier , Muhoza Jean Pierre , Ismaila El Moctar 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe use of a large number of organic pollutants results in the accumulation of effluents at the places of production and the environment. These substances are, therefore, dangerous for living organisms and can cause heavy environmental damage. Hence, to cure these problems certain methods were used for the elimination of organic effluents. Indeed, the methods of elimination through magnetic adsorption and/or separation prove to be effective in the treatment of certain wastes, but the effectiveness of each one of these methods depends on several characteristics and also present limitations according to the pollutants they adsorb. This review examines on the one hand the capacity of certain elements of these methods in the elimination of certain pollutants and on the other hand the advantages and limits of these methods. Elements like biochars, biosorbents and composite materials are used due to their very strong porosity which makes it possible for them to develop an important contact surface with the external medium, at low costs, and the possibility of producing them from renewable sources. The latter still run up however against the problems of formation of mud and regeneration. Depollution by magnetic separation is also used due to its capacity to mitigate the disadvantages of certain methods which generally lead to the formation of mud and overcoming also the difficulties like obtaining an active material and at the same time being able to fix the pollutants present in the effluents to treat and sensitize them to external magnetic fields.
Between America and Europe – Communicating in the Light of the Spatial Mobility of Poles. Part 1
Authors: Danilewicz Wioleta 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Emigration from Poland has a rich and complicated history. Also nowadays, international mobility is still a constant element present in the life of Polish society and in worldwide trends. Migrating beyond the borders of a given country has become a feature of contemporary citizens of the world. The new global mobility trends are: globalization, acceleration, diversity and transnationality, feminization (Castles, Miller, 2011). In reference to the issue of the volume, major emphasis was placed on the first of these trends, i.e. globalization. The purpose of this paper is to show how migrants have communicated with members of their families during cumulative dislocations from the late 19th century to modern times. Particular attention was paid to the ways of maintaining contact with family and the country of origin.
International Responsibility and the Systemic Character of International Law
Authors: Saganek Przemysław 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
The question whether international law is a system is one of the modern topics discussed by specialists of international law. The text of P. Saganek poses this question with respect to the rules on international responsibility. The two aims are to establish whether the rules on state responsibility are a system themselves and whether they may prima facie support the idea of international law as such a system. The two prima facie answers are positive. Every violation of international law gives rise to state responsibility if it can be attributed to a state and no circumstance precluding wrongfulness is in place. In this sense the rules on state responsibility form a sub-system supporting the thesis on the systemic nature of international law. On a closer analysis one can encounter several doubts as to both answers. Paradoxically those rules are too ideal, too systemic. The author – without denying the necessity of several if not the majority of the identified rules – refers to a tendency of presenting as law some non-binding documents prepared by expert groups. This is a part of a wider process of ‘paper-law’. In this sense expert groups engage in ‘creating the language’ in which the true subjects of international law are expected to speak.
El fenómeno de la indireccionalidad en la interacción conversacional y su incumbencia en la clase de Español Lengua Segunda y Extranjera
Authors: Lacanna Georgina 
Published: April 2018

El objetivo de este artículo es presentar una definición de indireccionalidad en tanto fenómeno discursivo e interaccional y discutir la pertinencia de su incorporación en la clase de Español como Lengua Segunda y Extranjera (ELSE). Este fenómeno, de carácter gradual, se representa a través de una escala que permite evaluar el grado de indireccionalidad de toda estrategia discursiva en relación con el tipo de interpretación con la que se encuentra asociado. A partir de la aplicación de una propuesta de actividad didáctica en cuatro experiencias de clase, intentamos mostrar la relevancia de la indireccionalidad en la enseñanza del español rioplatense. Para ello apelamos a su ejemplificación a través de escenas provenientes de películas argentinas que nos proveen de acciones comunicativas debidamente contextualizadas y enmarcadas en contextos socioculturales concretos y variados.
First records of bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) from Muong Phang cultural and historical site, Dien Bien province, Northwestern Vietnam
Authors: Loi Dao Nhan , Thong Vu Dinh 
Published: April 2018

The internationally renowned Muong Phang Cultural and Historical Site is located in the Dien Bien Phu region, northwestern Vietnam, and has received special attention from the public because of its great biodiversity. This site has a large forest area and other habitats including lakes, streams, rivers and paddyfield. These habitats would be ideal homes for bats and other biological taxa. However, in general, the wildlife of the Muong Phang Cultural and Historical Site receives little attention from scientists and authorities. Between 2014 and 2016, we conducted series of surveys for bats in Muong Phang. Bat capture and sound recordings were the main procedure to obtain materials and data necessary for the assessment of diversity and conservation status. The results of the surveys this time revealed that there are 19 species of bats belonging to 7 genera, 5 families in the study area. Of these, a Myotis sp. is different from all the previously recorded Myotis bats from Vietnam, and, a Rhinolophus sp. is different from every described species of the family Rhinolophidae. This paper provides the first records of bats from Muong Phang with remarks on their taxonomy and conservation status. Citation: Dao Nhan Loi, Vu Dinh Thong, 2017. First records of bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) from Muong Phang cultural and historical site, Dien Bien province, Northwestern Vietnam. Tap chi Sinh hoc, 39(3): 296-302. DOI: 10.15625/0866-7160/v39n3.10641. *Corresponding author: vudinhthong@hotmail.com. Received 29 August 2017, accepted 10 September 2017
Morphological and molecular characterisation of Strongyloides ransomi (Nematoda: Strongyloididae) collected from domestic pigs in Bac Giang province, Vietnam
Authors: Huong Giang Nguyen Thi , Hoan Tran Duc , Thu Huyen Nguyen Thi , Kim Lan Nguyen Thi , Doanh Pham Ngoc 
Published: April 2018

The genus Strongyloides is a group of parasitic nematodes of vertebrates comprised of over 50 species. A large numbers of nucleotide sequences of Strongyloides species have been deposited in GenBank. The vast majority of them are of Strongyloides from human beings, non-human primates, rats and cattle, but there are few molecular data of Strongyloides species isolated from pigs. The aim of this study is to identify Strongyloides species collected from pigs from Bac Giang Province, Vietnam, and analyze their molecular phylogenetic relationship within the genus Strongyloides based on 18S rDNA sequences. The morphological and molecular analyses revealed that the Strongyloides samples collected from pigs from Bac Giang Province, Vietnam, were in fact S. ransomi. The 18S rDNA sequences of S. ransomi from Vietnam were completely identical with that from Cambodia, but slightly different (0.3%) from that of Japan. In comparison to other Strongyloides species, S. ransomi was genetically close to S. venezuelensis. Citation: Nguyen Thi Giang, Tran Duc Hoan, Nguyen Thi Thu Huyen, Nguyen Thi Kim Lan, Phạm Ngọc Doanh, 2017. Morphological and molecular characterisation of Strongyloides ransomi (Nematoda: Strongyloididae) collected from domestic pigs in Bac Giang province, Vietnam. Tap chi Sinh hoc, 39(3): 270- 275. DOI: 10.15625/0866-7160/v39n3.10796.*Corresponding author: pndoanh@yahoo.comReceived 18 May 2017, accepted 20 August 2017
In silico identification and characterlization of the lectin gene families in cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz)
Authors: Ha Chu Duc , Wyckhuys Kris A.G. , Dung Le Tien 
Published: April 2018

Plant lectins, a superfamily of glycan-binding proteins, play important roles in various biological processes, including plant defense and cell signaling. Until now, little or no research has been carried out on lectins in cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz); a prime food, feed and bio-energy crop in the tropics to sub-tropics. In this study, we identified 5 homologous genes encoding class V chitinases (CRA) and 17 genes encoding hevein (Hvi) domains in total and annotated them in the cassava genome. The large size of MeCRA and MeHvi genes possibly resulted from tandem duplication events, directly linked to the expansion of CRA and hevein gene families. Phylogenetic analysis showed 3 distinct groups of hevein genes with their typical gene organization. The most common motif of gene structure of MeCRA family was recorded to be 2 exons/1 intron. Promoter analysis revealed that most of the members of lectin gene families are assumed to be responsive to light conditions and are expressed in specific for particular organs or plant tissues. The presence of hormonal- and/or stress-responsive elements in the promoter regions of all lectin genes indicated their involvement in the crop’s stress response and plant signaling. Since most members of CRA and hevein family were strongly expressed in various major tissues/organs, products of those lectin genes may play important roles in the development of cassava plants, especially in plant defense system. Citation: Chu Duc Ha, Wyckhuys K. A. G., Le Tien Dung, 2017. In silico identification and characterlization of the lectin gene families in cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz). Tap chi Sinh hoc, 39(3): 320-332. DOI: 10.15625/0866-7160/v39n3.9185 *Corresponding author: research@letiendung.info; dung.tien.le@monsanto.com Received 25 January 2017, accepted 20 August 2017
Taxonomic characterization and identification of Saccharomyces cerevisiae D8 for brandy production from pineapple
Authors: Le Thuong Hoang Thi , Hao Nguyen Quang , Thuy Tran Thi 
Published: April 2018

Eight yeast strains (denoted as D1 to D8) were isolated from samples of natural fermented pineapple. Strain D8 showed highest alcoholic production at low pH and special aroma of pineapple has been chosen for further study. Taxonomic characterization of strain D8 using morphological, biochemical and molecular biological studies confirmed that strain D8 belong to Saccharomycetaceae family, Saccharomycetales order and Saccharomyces cerevisiae species. Therefore, we named this strain as Saccharomyces cerevisiae D8 for further study on Brandy production from pineapple. Citation: Hoang Thi Le Thuong, Nguyen Quang Hao, Tran Thi Thuy, 2017. Taxonomic characterization and identification of Saccharomyces cerevisiae D8 for brandy production from pineapple. Tap chi Sinh hoc, 39(4): 474- 482. DOI: 10.15625/0866-7160/v39n4.10864.*Corresponding author: thuy_tt@hnue.edu.vn Received 5 December 2016, accepted 12 August 2017
New records of rare genera of the subfamily Doryctinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), with description of five new species from Vietnam
Authors: Long Khuat Dang , Hoa Dang Thi , Duong Nguyen Van 
Published: April 2018

Three small genera of the subfamily Doryctinae are newly recorded for the Braconidae fauna of Vietnam, viz. Euscelinus Westwood, 1882; Leptospathius Szépligeti, 1902 and Sonanus Belokobylskij & Konishi, 2001. Five new species of these genera are described and illustrated, namely Euscelinus vietnamicus Long, sp. n.; Leptospathius langsoni Long, sp. n.; Leptospathius phamvanluci Long, sp. n.; Leptospathius simulatus Long, sp. n. and Sonanus mocchaui Long, sp. n.. The checklist and distribution of the already known species of three genera are provided. Keys to species of the genera are also given. Keywords: Braconidae, Doryctinae, new record, new species, rare genera, Vietnam.Citation: Khuat Dang Long, Dang Thi Hoa, Nguyen Van Duong, 2017. New records of rare genera of the subfamily Doryctinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), with description of five new species from Vietnam. Tap chi Sinh hoc, 39(4): 383-397. DOI: 10.15625/0866-7160/v39n4.10897(*): Corresponding author: khuatdanglong@gmail.com
First record of the genus Eugalta Cameron, 1899 (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Poemeninae) from Vietnam
Authors: Nhi Pham Thi , Long Khuat Dang , Achterberg Cornelis Van 
Published: April 2018

The genus EugaltaCameron, 1899 (Ichneumonidae: Poemeniinae) is reported for the first time from Vietnam after studying the Ichneumonidae collections recently assembled at the Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources (Ha Noi) and the Naturalis Biodiversity Center(Leiden). A key to seven species of Eugaltais compiled. Eugaltapunctulatayamuna(Gupta, 1980), is a junior synonym of the nominate subspecies, E. punctulatapunctulata Cameron, 1899, syn. nov. Citation: Pham Thi Nhi, Khuat Dang Long, Cornelis van Achterberg, 2017. First records of the genus Eugalta Cameron, 1899 (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Poemeniinae) from Vietnam. Tap chi Sinh hoc, 39(4): 467-473. DOI: 10.15625/0866-7160/v39n4.11242. *Corresponding author: ptnhi2@yahoo.com Received 5 December 2016, accepted 12 August 2017
Review of two genera of freshwater crabs, Larnaudia Bott, 1966 and Neolarnaudia Türkay & Naiyanetr, 1987 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Potamidae) with redescription Neolarnaudiaphymatodes (Kemp, 1923) from Southern Vietnam
Authors: Tu Do Van , Dong Dang Van , Tho Le Van , Dang Phan Doan 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACT: The occurrence of Larnaudia Bott, 1966 in southern Vietnam remains obscure. Although some previous studies described the presence of Larnaudialarnaudii A. Milne-Edwards, 1869 in Vietnam, our analysis of freshwater crab specimens collected at many locations in southern Vietnam revealed that Neolarnaudia Türkay Naiyanetr, 1987, but not Larnaudia Bott, 1966, is present in southern Vietnam. In this study, we recorded two species of Neolarnaudia, N. phymatodes (Kemp, 1923) and N. botti Türkay & Naiyanetr, 1987 in southern Vietnam. Neolaurnaudia phymatodes was poorly knownsince the original description, and is, thus, re-described here. This species can be distinguished from all other Neolarnaudia species by a suite of characters; carapace broader, frontal area with many granules, supraorbital margingranulated, suborbital and pterygostomian regions and merus of third maxillipedcovered with many granules, terminal segment of Gonopod 1 strongly curved inwards and covered with many pubescences, lateral margin of telsonstrongly concaved. Citation: Do Van Tu, Dang Van Dong, Le Van Tho, Phan Doan Dang, 2017. Review of two genera of freshwater crabs, Larnaudia Bott, 1966 and Neolarnaudia Türkay & Naiyanetr, 1987 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Potamidae) with redescription Neolarnaudiaphymatodes (Kemp, 1923) from Southern Vietnam. Tap chi Sinh hoc, 39(4): 398-405. DOI: 10.15625/0866-7160/v39n4.8464.*Corresponding author: dovantu.iebr@gmail.com, dovantu@iebr.vast.vnReceived 19 September 2017, accepted 12 December 2017
Antimicrobial activity of marine fungi isolated from the Son Tra peninsula, Da Nang, Vietnam
Authors: Trinh Phan Thi Hoai , Duy Ngoc Ngo Thi , Dieu Trang Vo Thi , Phong Le Quoc , Tien Phi Quyet , Ly Bui Minh , Thanh Van Tran Thi 
Published: April 2018

Marine fungi have become an important source of bioactive natural products. The present study was concerned with the screening of antimicrobial activity from 73 fungal strains isolated from various marine habitats collected from five different localities at the Son Tra Peninsula, Da Nang, Vietnam. For the first step of screening, ethyl acetate extract of each fungal isolate was prepared and their antimicrobial activity against the human microbial pathogens was investigated using the disc diffusion method. The panel of human microbial pathogens used were Bacillus cereus ATCC 11778, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 19111, Streptococcus faecalis ATCC 19433 and Candida albicans ATCC 10231. Among 73 fungal isolates, 29 exhibited antimicrobial activity against at least two tested pathogens. The proportion of the fungal isolates having anti-microbial activity against B. cereus, S. faecalis, L. monocytogenes, S. aureus, E. coli, C. albicans and P. aeruginosa were 42, 33, 31, 22, 7, 5 and 3%, respectively. Further investigations to isolate and characterize the anti-microbial components in the extracts are needed. Citation: Phan Thi Hoai Trinh, Ngo Thi Duy Ngoc, Vo Thi Dieu Trang, Le Quoc Phong, Phi Quyet Tien, Bui Minh Ly, Tran Thi Thanh Van, 2017. Antimicrobial activity of marine fungi isolated from the Son Tra peninsula, Da Nang, Vietnam. Tap chi Sinh hoc, 39(4): 457-462. DOI: 10.15625/0866-7160/v39n4.8889. *Corresponding author: phanhoaitrinh84@gmail.com Received 20 November 2016, accepted 12 August 2017
Molecular identification of minnow Opsariichthys hainanensis (Teleostei: Cyprinidae) from the lake Phu Ninh, Quang Nam province
Authors: Thien Huynh Quang , Khanh Nguyen Van , Chen I-Shiung 
Published: April 2018

The fish of genus Opsariichthys was collected from the Lake Phu Ninh (Quang Nam Province) and its taxonomic relation to other species in the same genus was analyzed based on the molecular data of mitochondrial DNA D-Loop region. The result showed that the fish from Quang Nam Province is closely related to its congener, Opsariichthys hainanensis, from Hainan Island (China), but differed from Opsariichthys bidens from mainland China or from Opsariichthys uncirostris from Japan. Citation: Huynh Quang Thien, Nguyen Van Khanh, I-Shiung Chen, 2017. Molecular identification of minnow Opsariichthys hainanensis (Teleostei: Cyprinidae) from the lake Phu Ninh, Quang Nam province. Tap chi Sinh hoc, 39(4): 463-466. DOI: 10.15625/0866-7160/v39n4.8964. *Corresponding author: hqthien@gmail.com Received 5 December 2016, accepted 12 August 2017
Antibody-drug conjugates: Principles and clinical results in breast cancer treatment
Authors: Loan Nguyen Phuong , Quan Duong Hong 
Published: April 2018

Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are consisted of the combination of highly specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) with conventional cytotoxic agents to particular cancer types. The use of mAbs that are specific to tumor cell-surface proteins allows highly selective accumulation of cytotoxic agents as ADCs at the tumor tissue, that is not achievable with conventional cytotoxic agents alone. Designing of effective ADCs for cancer treatment requires identification of an appropriate target, a mAb against the target, potent cytotoxic agents and conjugation of the mAb to cytotoxic agents. Until now, three ADCs including Gemtuzumab ozogamicin, Brentuximab and trastuzumab emtansine have received an FDA approval so far. These three ADCs have shown improved efficacy and safety data compared with standard chemotherapy for the treatment of patients of acute myeloid leukemia, advanced lymphoma and breast cancer, respectively. Moreover, several promising ADCs are now in the latter-phase of clinical testing. Thus, with special focusing on these new anti-cancer drugs, this review briefly describes the principles of ADCs including their structure and mechanism of action, and summarizes their clinical performance in breast cancer. Citation: Nguyen Phuong Loan, Duong Hong Quan, 2017. Antibody-drug conjugates: Principles and clinical results in breast cancer treatment. Tap chi Sinh hoc, 39(4): 489-493. DOI: 10.15625/0866-7160/v39n4.9327.*Corresponding author: quanvspt@gmail.comReceived 15 March 2017, accepted 12 December 2017
A comparative study of dexmedetomidine versus clonidine in epidural anaesthesia to assess the level of sedation in patients undergoing lower abdominal and lower limb surgery
Authors: Pathak Vinay , Kushwaha B. B. , Chandra Girish , Bhatia V. K. , Gupta Akash , Kumar Shubham 
Published: April 2018

Background: To compare study of dexmedetomidine versus clonidine in epidural anesthesia to assess the level of sedation in patients undergoing lower abdominal and lower limb surgery.Methods: This was a comparative study conducted on admitted ASA grade I and II patients undergoing lower abdominal and lower limb surgeries. The patients were divided into three groups of 30 patients each, according to the epidural medication they received:-Group A-received 15ml of bupivacaine (0.5%) and dexmedetomidine (1.0µg/kg body weight) in 1ml of normal saline; Group B-received 15ml of bupivacaine (0.5%) and clonidine (2.0µg/kg body weight) in 1ml of normal saline; Group C-received 15ml of bupivacaine (0.5%) with 1ml of normal saline. The heart rate, blood pressure, sensory dermatome level, Motor blocked level, pain and VAS were recorded at different time intervals. The side effects were also noted.Results: The baseline parameters were comparable among the groups. All the hemodynamic parameters and other study parameters were similar at Min. 0. All the hemodynamic parameters such as heart rate, blood pressure and SpO2 were variable at different time intervals. Motor block level was significantly (p<0.05) lower in Group C than Group A and Group B from Min 50 to Min 90. The sedation score was observed to be nil in Group C. The post-op pain score became higher in Group C than Group A and Group B at subsequent time intervals. A 3 (10%) of the rescue agents was observed in Group C. Atropine (30%) and mephenteramine (10%) were common rescue agents in Group B. The bradycardia was observed in 30% patients of Group B and in 40% of Group A.Conclusions: On addition of dexmedetomidine as adjuvant to bupivacaine in epidural anesthesia provides better anesthesia and sedation than clonidine as adjuvant to bupivacaine or bupivacaine alone with mild hemodynamic changes which are easily manageable.