bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Homeoprotein neuroprotection of embryonic neuronal cells
Authors: Vargas Abonce Stephanie E. , Leboeuf Mélanie , Prochiantz Alain , Moya Kenneth L. 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTMost homeoprotein transcription factors have a highly conserved internalization domain used in intercellular transfer. Internalization of homeoproteins ENGRAILED1 or ENGRAILED2 promotes the survival of adult dopaminergic cells, whereas that of OTX2 protects adult retinal ganglion cells. Here we characterize thein vitroneuroprotective activity of several homeoproteins in response to H2O2. Protection is observed with ENGRAILED1, ENGRAILED2, OTX2, GBX2 and LHX9 on midbrain and striatal embryonic neurons whereas cell-permeable c-MYC shows no protective effects. Therefore, five homeoproteins belonging to 3 different classes (ANTENNAPEDIA, PAIRED and LIM) share the ability to protect embryonic neurons from midbrain and striatum. Because midbrain and striatal neurons do not express the same repertoire of the 4 proteins, a lack of neuronal specificity together with a general protective activity can be proposed. In contrast, hEN1 and GBX2 exerted no protection on non-neuronal cells including mouse embryo fibroblasts, macrophages or HeLa cells. For the 4 proteins, protection against cell-death correlated with a reduction in the number of H2O2-induced DNA break foci in midbrain and striatal neurons. In conclusion, within the limit of the number of cell types and homeoproteins tested, homeoprotein protection against oxidative stress-induced DNA breaks and death is specific to neurons but shows no homeoprotein or neuronal type specificity.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTHomeoproteins are DNA binding proteins regulating gene expression throughout life. Many of them transfer between cells and are thus internalized by live cells. This has allowed for their use as therapeutic proteins in animal models of Parkinson disease and glaucoma. Part of their therapeutic activity is through a protection against neuronal death. Here we show that internalized homeoproteins from three different classes protect embryonic ventral midbrain and striatal neurons from oxidative stress, both at the level of DNA damage and survival. The interest of this finding is that it lends weight to the possibility that many homeoproteins play a role in neuroprotection through shared mechanisms involving, in particular, DNA protection against stress-induced breaks.
Long-term cognitive impairment without diffuse axonal injury following repetitive mild traumatic brain injury in rats
Authors: Tadepalli Sai Ambika , Bali Zsolt Kristóf , Bruszt Nóra , Nagy Lili Veronika , Amrein Krisztina , Fazekas Bálint , Büki András , Czeiter Endre , Hernádi István 
Published: July 2019

AbstractRepetitive mild traumatic brain injuries (TBI) impair cognitive abilities and increase risk of neurodegenerative disorders in humans. We developed two repetitive mild TBI models in rats with different time intervals between successive weight-drop injuries, and assessed cognitive performance and biomarker profiles. Rats were subjected to repetitive Sham (no injury), single mild (mTBI), repetitive mild (rmTBI – 5 hits, 24 h apart), rapid repetitive mild (rapTBI – 5 hits, 5 min apart) and single severe (sTBI) TBI. We assessed cognitive performance 2 and 8 weeks after TBI in the novel object recognition test (NOR), and 6-7 weeks after TBI in the water maze (MWM). Acute immunohistochemical markers were checked 24 h after TBI, and blood biomarkers were measured with ELISA 8 weeks after TBI. In the NOR, both rmTBI and rapTBI showed poor performance at 2 weeks post-injury. At 8 weeks post-injury, the rmTBI group still performed worse than the Sham and mTBI groups, while the rapTBI group recovered. In the MWM, the rapTBI group performed worse than Sham and mTBI. Acute APP and RMO-14 immunohistochemistry showed axonal injury at the pontomedullary junction in the sTBI, but not in other groups. ELISA showed increased serum GFAP levels 8 weeks after sTBI, while no differences were found between the injury groups in the levels of phosphorylated-tau and S100β. Results suggest that the rmTBI protocol is the most suitable model for testing cognitive impairment after mild repetitive head injuries. The lack of common biomarkers suggests novel unknown underlying mechanisms of rmTBI.
Two-way microscale interactions between immigrant bacteria and plant leaf microbiota as revealed by live imaging
Authors: Steinberg Shifra , Grinberg Maor , Beitelman Michael , Peixoto Julianna , Orevi Tomer , Kashtan Nadav 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe phyllosphere – the aerial parts of plants – is an important microbial habitat that is home to diverse microbial communities. The spatial organization of bacterial cells on leaf surfaces is non-random, and correlates with leaf microscopic features. Yet, the role of microscale interactions between bacterial cells therein is not well understood. Here, we ask how interactions between immigrant bacteria and resident microbiota affect the spatial organization of the combined community. By means of live imaging in a simplified in vitro system, we studied the spatial organization, at the micrometer scale, of the bio-control agent Pseudomonas fluorescens A506 and the plant pathogen P. syringae B728a when introduced to pear and bean leaf microbiota (the corresponding native plants of these strains). We found significant co-localization of immigrant and resident microbial cells at distances of a few micrometers, for both strains. Interestingly, this co-localization was in part due to preferential attachment of microbiota cells near newly formed P. fluorescens aggregates. Our results indicate that two-way immigrant bacteria – resident microbiota interactions affect the leaf’s microscale spatial organization, and possibly that of other surface-related microbial communities.
Relationship between depressive symptoms and cumulative 24-hour urinary norepinephrine excretion level among undergraduate medical students in Uganda
Authors: Owoola-Ajirotutu Mutiat O , Okpanachi Alfred O , Owoola Akeem G , Rukundo Godfrey Z , Yusuf Sadiq 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundDepression is a serious mental health problem in different parts of the world and has been reported to be rising among undergraduate medical students. The incidence of depression has not only been linked to psychosocial factors but also to biological factors, such as altered urinary levels of norepinephrine. This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of depression among undergraduate medical students in Uganda and examine the relationship between depressive symptoms and 24-hour urinary norepinephrine excretion levels in the participants.MethodsOne hundred and sixteen undergraduate medical students (75 males and 41 females) of Kampala International University, in southwestern Uganda were evaluated for depression using the 21-item Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI) questionnaire. Twenty-four-hour urine collections from each participant were assayed for norepinephrine excretion levels. Descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation coefficient were computed to examine the data obtained.ResultsThe results of this study showed that, a total of 33 participants (28.4%) have depressive symptoms. Students with depressive symptoms had higher but not significant 24-hour urinary mean norepinephrine excretion levels than those without depressive symptoms (121.97±51.48μg/day Vs 87.58±18.64 μg/day, P>0.05). There was a positive weak relationship between BDI scores and 24-hour urinary norepinephrine levels (r= 0.21, p = 0.28). Regression models accounting for socio-demographic characteristics indicated that, type of accommodation, marital status, relationship with parents, educational sponsorship may be risk factors for depressive symptoms observed in the participants.ConclusionsThese results suggest that increased urinary norepinephrine excretion and other psychosocial factors may be associated with depressive symptoms. Measurements of 24-hour urinary norepinephrine excretion may serve as an integrative parameter in diagnosing and management of patients with depression.
Short-term reciprocity in macaque’s social decision-making
Authors: Ballesta S. , Reymond G. , Duhamel J-R. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPrimates live in complex social environments, where individuals create meaningful networks by adapting their behavior according to past experiences with others. Although free-ranging primates do show signs of reciprocity, experiments in more controlled environments have mainly failed to reproduce such social dynamics. Hence, the cognitive and neural processes allowing monkeys to reciprocate during social exchanges remains elusive. Here, pairs of long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis) took turns into a social decision task involving the delivery of positive (juice reward) or negative (airpuff) outcomes. By analyzing the contingencies of one partner’s past decisions on the other’s future decisions, we demonstrate the presence of reciprocity, but only for the exchange of negative outcomes. Importantly, to display this decisional bias, the monkey needs to witness its partner’s decisions, since non-social deliveries of the same outcome did not have such effect. Withholding of negative outcomes also predicted future social decisions, which suggest that the observed tit-for-tat strategy may not only be motivated by retaliation after receiving an airpuff but also by the gratefulness of not having received one. These results clarify the apparent dichotomy within the scientific literature of reciprocity in non-human primates and suggest that their social cognition comprise revenge and gratitude.
Understanding social impact of data on local communities
Authors: Yoon Ayoung , Copeland Andrea 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to understand the social impact of data on communities from cases of community data utilization.

Design/methodology/approach
This study took an interpretive qualitative approach and conducted a semi-structured phone interview with 45 participants from data intermediaries and local community organizations.

Findings
The results demonstrate both direct and indirect impacts of data on local levels, including resolving local problems from data-driven decisions, realizing unknown problems or correcting misrepresented problems, changing community data practices, strengthening community identity and enhancing the community’s data skills.

Practical implications
The research shows that communities’ data utilization supported community-led actions and initiatives from the bottom-up perspective, which demonstrates the need for supporting communities’ data work.

Social implications
Minimizing inequality in data utilization should be resolved so that all communities can benefit from the power of data.

Originality/value
By demonstrating evidence of data being critical to encouraging communities’ data utilization, this study fills the gap in existing research, which lacks a clear explanation for how the potential of data can be realized at the local level.
Modeling the performance of healthcare construction projects
Authors: Iskandar Karim A. , Hanna Awad S. , Lotfallah Wafik 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
Healthcare-sector projects are some of the most complex in modern practice due to their reliance on high-tech components and the level of precision they must maintain. Existing literature in healthcare performance specifically is scarce, but there is a recent increasing trend in both healthcare construction and a corresponding trend in related literature. No previously existing study has derived weights (relative importance) of performance metric in an objective, data-based manner. The purpose of this paper is to present a newly developed mathematical model that derives these weights, free of subjectivity that is common in other literature.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper’s model considers 17 exceptional projects and 19 average projects, and reveals the weights (or relative importance) of ten performance metrics by comparing how projects relate to one another in terms of each metric individually. It solves an eigenvalue problem that maximizes the difference between average and exceptional project performances.

Findings
The most significant weight, i.e. the performance metric which has the greatest impact on healthcare project performance, was request for information per million dollars with a weight of 16.07 percent. Other highly weighted metrics included construction speed and schedule growth at 13.08 and 12.23 percent, respectively. Rework was the least significant metric at 3.61 percent, but not all metrics of quality had low ratings. Deficiency issues per million dollars was weighted at 11.61 percent, for example. All weights derived by the model in this paper were validated statistically to ensure their applicability as comparison and assessment tools.

Originality/value
There is no widely accepted measure of project performance specific to healthcare construction. This study’s contribution to the body of knowledge is its mathematical model which is a landmark effort to develop a single, objective, unified project performance index for healthcare construction. Furthermore, this unified score presents a user-friendly avenue for contractors to standardize their productivity tracking – a missing piece in the practices of many contractors.
Supporting work–life balance with the use of coworking spaces
Authors: Orel Marko 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the topic of parents who work on a flexible basis and use coworking facilities to find a work–life balance and overcome work–family conflicts.

Design/methodology/approach
The author uses a qualitative approach to explore the research questions. The first part of the empirical research undertakes an ethnographical approach in carrying out the unobstructed participant observation within five European coworking spaces targeted at improving comprehension of the spaces’ mediation mechanisms and development of supportive interactions. The second part traverses into conducting unstructured interviews with parents who work on a flexible basis and use a coworking space as their daily workplace.

Findings
This research paper reveals that flexible workers who found themselves juggling work tasks and family obligations tend to seek better conditions that assist them in tackling conflictual situations and, in addition, enhance their social lives to create further career opportunities. Coworking spaces are thus perceived as optimal workplaces by working parents in that they can find stability and scale their social networks within. Moreover, the continually evolving user interactions resulting from effective mediation mechanisms let these individuals find emotional support, increase productivity and exchange knowledge.

Originality/value
While the coworking industry is rapidly evolving and the academia is keener on investigating the field, the subcategory of work–life and family care within these collaborative environments is virtually unresearched. This paper provides valuable insight into the topic and serves as a knowledge base for the future exploration of this field.
Investigation of sewing and water repellent performance of outdoor clothing
Authors: Erayman Yüksel Yaşar , Korkmaz Yasemin 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
Durability of textile materials under wet conditions has become very important in recent years. The water repellency performance of fabrics should be maintained in the seam areas. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the effect of water repellent agents and sewing threads on the seam and water repellency performance properties of woven fabrics.

Design/methodology/approach
100 percent polyester woven fabrics were treated with three different water repellent finishing agents (silicone, fluorocarbons with 6 and 8 carbons) and then sewn with different sewing threads (unfinished/water repellent finished polyester/cotton corespun and polyamide filament). Afterwards, mechanical properties, seam performance and water repellency properties of these materials were measured.

Findings
The effect of finishing which was statistically significant on seam strength only in warp direction was significant on seam elongation and efficiency in both warp and weft directions. Seam strength, seam efficiency, seam slippage and seam pucker of fabrics sewn with polyamide threads were higher than others. The fluorocarbons applied to the fabrics gave higher water repellency values than silicones. In addition, as the chain length increased in fluorocarbons, water repellency performance increased. Sewing process reduced water resistance of fabrics; however, water repellent finish applied to the threads increased water resistance of fabrics.

Originality/value
As a result of the literature review, it was seen that water repellency property of a wear were studied in only seamless areas of fabrics. Originality of this study is that the water repellency properties are also analyzed in the seam areas of the fabrics and evaluated together with the seam performance characteristics.
Clusters and communities: raising the bar towards open innovation 2.0 paradigms
Authors: Tamburis Oscar , Bonacci Isabella 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
The growing success of open innovation practices in many firms raises the question of whether such principles can be transferred for reinventing public sector organisations. A paradigm based on principles of integrated collaboration, co-created shared value, cultivated innovation ecosystems, unleashed exponential technologies and extraordinarily rapid adoption is the so-called Open Innovation 2.0. The development of this approach reflects the perception that the innovation process has evolved. This study aims to explore new ways to study healthcare networks as key tool for innovation creation and spreading, by deploying the emergent paradigm of Open Innovation 2.0.

Design/methodology/approach
The study investigates the impact of clusters, or localised networks, involving industrial, academic and institutional players, in the (bio)pharmaceutical setting; the aim is to enrich the line of inquiry into cluster-based innovation by applying a social network analysis (SNA) methodology, with the aim to provide new perspectives for recognising how the set of interactions and relationships in the (bio)pharmaceutical context can lead to higher levels of knowledge transfer, organisational learning and innovation spreading.

Findings
Starting from the top ten (bio)pharmaceutical companies, and the top ten contract research organisations (CROs), the study helps understand that: the combination of the single big pharma company and the CROs to which great part of the work is externalised, can be compared to a community of transaction that deals with the supply and demand of a specific kind of goods and services; clusters can comprise either a single one or more communities of transaction; virtual CROs act as a community whose all components participate to the creation of value (co-creation), thus comparable to a certain extent to a community of fantasy.

Originality/value
Based on the novelty of the OI2/SNA combination approach to deal with the “complex” (bio)pharmaceutical industry, the outcomes of the present study mean to highlight: a comprehensive perspective for understanding the dynamics of modularity and their implications for innovation networks; the presence of innovation networks as main mean to promote and support paths of knowledge creation and transfer.
Leader psychopathy and organizational deviance
Authors: Erkutlu Hakan , Chafra Jamel 
Published: July 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyze the relationship between leader psychopathy and organizational deviance. In particular, the authors introduce employee’s psychological safety as the mediator. Furthermore, the moderating role of moral disengagement in the relationship between leader psychopathy and organizational deviance is also considered.Design/methodology/approachThe data of this study include 611 certified nurses from 9 university hospitals in Turkey. The proposed model was tested by using hierarchical multiple regression analysis.FindingsThe results of this study supported the positive effect of leader psychopathy on organizational deviance along with the mediating effect of employee’s psychological safety. Furthermore, when the level of moral disengagement is low, the relationship between leader psychopathy and organizational deviance is weak, whereas the effect is strong when the level of moral disengagement is high.Practical implicationsThe findings of the study recommend that administrators in the healthcare industry ought to be sensitive in treating their subordinates, since it will result in positive organizational relationship, which, subsequently, will certainly reduce organizational deviance. Furthermore, they have to pay more focus on the buffering role of moral disengagement for all those subordinates with high distrust and displaying organizational deviance.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to the literature about workplace deviance by uncovering the relational mechanism between leader psychopathy and employee organizational deviance. Furthermore, it includes practical assistance to healthcare employees and their leaders interested in building trust, increasing leader–employee relationship and reducing organizational deviance.
Antibacterial evaluation of activated carbon cloth with Ag+impregnated with ZnO nanoparticles
Authors: Sharifuddin Sharifatul Ain Binti , Ismail Salwani Binti , Abdullah Imran , Mohamad Irfan , Shaikh Mohammed Javeed 
Published: July 2019

PurposeStaphylococcus aureus(S. aureus),Klebsiella pneumoniae(K. pneumoniae) andStreptococcus pneumoniae(S. pneumoniae) are among the pathogens detected during Hajj pilgrimage known to cause pneumonia. This study aims to evaluate the antibacterial activity of activated carbon cloth (ACC) with Ag+impregnated with zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) against these pathogens.Design/methodology/approachZnO NPs were impregnated into ACC-Ag+via layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to observe the fine surface morphological details of the ACC-Ag+-ZnO sheets. Antibacterial activity of the ACC-Ag+-ZnO sheets was evaluated using the disk-diffusion susceptibility assay. Allergy patch test was done to evaluate allergic reactions of the ACC-Ag+-ZnO sheets on human skin.FindingsSEM micrographs showed successful impregnation of ZnO NPs into the ACC-Ag+sheets. Disk-diffusion susceptibility assay results of ACC-Ag+-ZnO sheets againstS. aureus,K. pneumoniaeandS. pneumoniaeshowed good antibacterial activity; with 1.82 ± 0.13 mm zone of inhibition forS. pneumoniae, at a ZnO concentration of 0.78 mg mL-1. No signs of human skin irritation were observed throughout the allergy patch test.Originality/valueResults indicate that ACC-Ag+-ZnO sheets could potentially be embedded within surgical face masks (pilgrims’ preferred) to reduce the risks involved with the transmission of respiratory tract infections during and after mass gatherings (e.g. Hajj/Umrah, Olympics).
Protective effects of bifidobacteria against enteropathogens
Authors: Aw Wanping , Fukuda Shinji 
Published: July 2019

SummaryRecent major advances in metagenomics and metabolomics technologies have enabled us to collect more data on the gut microbiome and metabolome to evaluate its influence on host health. In this short opinion article, we have chosen to focus on summarizing the protective mechanisms of bifidobacteria, a highly regarded probiotic, and it's metabolite: acetate; against enteropathogens, specifically in the E. coli O157:H7 mice model. We advocate for using a novel approach metabologenomics, which is an integration of metagenomic and metabolomic information on a systems biology‐wide approach to better understand this interplay between gut microbiome and host metabolism.