bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A metasomatized lithospheric mantle control on the metallogenic signature of post-subduction magmatism
Authors: Holwell David A. , Fiorentini Marco , McDonald Iain , Lu Yongjun , Giuliani Andrea , Smith Daniel J. , Keith Manuel , Locmelis Marek 
Published: August 2019

AbstractOre deposits are loci on Earth where energy and mass flux are greatly enhanced and focussed, acting as magnifying lenses into metal transport, fractionation and concentration mechanisms through the lithosphere. Here we show that the metallogenic architecture of the lithosphere is illuminated by the geochemical signatures of metasomatised mantle rocks and post-subduction magmatic-hydrothermal mineral systems. Our data reveal that anomalously gold and tellurium rich magmatic sulfides in mantle-derived magmas emplaced in the lower crust share a common metallogenic signature with upper crustal porphyry-epithermal ore systems. We propose that a trans-lithospheric continuum exists whereby post-subduction magmas transporting metal-rich sulfide cargoes play a fundamental role in fluxing metals into the crust from metasomatised lithospheric mantle. Therefore, ore deposits are not merely associated with isolated zones where serendipitous happenstance has produced mineralisation. Rather, they are depositional points along the mantle-to-upper crust pathway of magmas and hydrothermal fluids, synthesising the concentrated metallogenic budget available.
Quantifying the impact of public omics data
Authors: Perez-Riverol Yasset , Zorin Andrey , Dass Gaurhari , Vu Manh-Tu , Xu Pan , Glont Mihai , Vizcaíno Juan Antonio , Jarnuczak Andrew F. , Petryszak Robert , Ping Peipei , Hermjakob Henning 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe amount of omics data in the public domain is increasing every year. Modern science has become a data-intensive discipline. Innovative solutions for data management, data sharing, and for discovering novel datasets are therefore increasingly required. In 2016, we released the first version of the Omics Discovery Index (OmicsDI) as a light-weight system to aggregate datasets across multiple public omics data resources. OmicsDI aggregates genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics and multiomics datasets, as well as computational models of biological processes. Here, we propose a set of novel metrics to quantify the attention and impact of biomedical datasets. A complete framework (now integrated into OmicsDI) has been implemented in order to provide and evaluate those metrics. Finally, we propose a set of recommendations for authors, journals and data resources to promote an optimal quantification of the impact of datasets.
Evaporation-induced sintering of liquid metal droplets with biological nanofibrils for flexible conductivity and responsive actuation
Authors: Li Xiankai , Li Mingjie , Xu Jie , You Jun , Yang Zhiqin , Li Chaoxu 
Published: August 2019

AbstractLiquid metal (LM) droplets show the superiority in coalescing into integral liquid conductors applicable in flexible and deformable electronics. However, the large surface tension, oxide shells and poor compatibility with most other materials may prevent spontaneous coalescence of LM droplets and/or hybridisation into composites, unless external interventions (e.g., shear and laser) are applied. Here, we show that biological nanofibrils (NFs; including cellulose, silk fibroin and amyloid) enable evaporation-induced sintering of LM droplets under ambient conditions into conductive coating on diverse substrates and free-standing films. The resultants possess an insulating NFs-rich layer and a conductive LM-rich layer, offering flexibility, high reflectivity, stretchable conductivity, electromagnetic shielding, degradability and rapid actuating behaviours. Thus this sintering approach not only extends fundamental knowledge about sintering LM droplets, but also starts a new scenario of producing flexible coating and free-standing composites with flexibility, conductivity, sustainability and degradability, and applicable in microcircuits, wearable electronics and soft robotics.
Evidence of ubiquitous Alfvén pulses transporting energy from the photosphere to the upper chromosphere
Authors: Liu Jiajia , Nelson Chris J. , Snow Ben , Wang Yuming , Erdélyi Robert 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe multi-million degree temperature increase from the middle to the upper solar atmosphere is one of the most fascinating puzzles in plasma-astrophysics. Although magnetic waves might transport enough energy from the photosphere to heat up the local chromosphere and corona, observationally validating their ubiquity has proved challenging. Here, we show observational evidence that ubiquitous Alfvén pulses are excited by prevalent intensity swirls in the solar photosphere. Correlation analysis between swirls detected at different heights in the solar atmosphere, together with realistic numerical simulations, show that these Alfvén pulses propagate upwards and reach chromospheric layers. We found that Alfvén pulses carry sufficient energy flux (1.9 to 7.7 kW m−2) to balance the local upper chromospheric energy losses (~0.1 kW m−2) in quiet regions. Whether this wave energy flux is actually dissipated in the chromosphere and can lead to heating that balances the losses is still an open question.
Morphing of liquid crystal surfaces by emergent collectivity
Authors: van der Kooij Hanne M. , Semerdzhiev Slav A. , Buijs Jesse , Broer Dirk J. , Liu Danqing , Sprakel Joris 
Published: August 2019

AbstractLiquid crystal surfaces can undergo topographical morphing in response to external cues. These shape-shifting coatings promise a revolution in various applications, from haptic feedback in soft robotics or displays to self-cleaning solar panels. The changes in surface topography can be controlled by tailoring the molecular architecture and mechanics of the liquid crystal network. However, the nanoscopic mechanisms that drive morphological transitions remain unclear. Here, we introduce a frequency-resolved nanostrain imaging method to elucidate the emergent dynamics underlying field-induced shape-shifting. We show how surface morphing occurs in three distinct stages: (i) the molecular dipoles oscillate with the alternating field (10–100 ms), (ii) this leads to collective plasticization of the glassy network (~1 s), (iii) culminating in actuation of the topography (10–100 s). The first stage appears universal and governed by dielectric coupling. By contrast, yielding and deformation rely on a delicate balance between liquid crystal order, field properties and network viscoelasticity.
Primary coenzyme Q10 deficiency-7: expanded phenotypic spectrum and a founder mutation in southern Chinese
Authors: Yu Mullin Ho-Chung , Tsang Mandy Ho-Yin , Lai Sophie , Ho Matthew Sai-Pong , Tse Donald M. L. , Willis Brooke , Kwong Anna Ka-Yee , Chou Yen-Yin , Lin Shuan-Pei , Quinzii Catarina M , Hwu Wuh-Liang , Chien Yin-Hsiu , Kuo Pao-Lin , Chan Victor Chi-Man , Tsoi Cheung , Chong Shuk-Ching , Rodenburg Richard J. T. , Smeitink Jan , Mak Christopher Chun-Yu , Yeung Kit-San , Fung Jasmine Lee-Fong , Lam Wendy , Hui Joannie , Lee Ni-Chung , Fung Cheuk‐Wing , Chung Brian Hon-Yin 
Published: August 2019

AbstractPrimary coenzyme Q10 deficiency-7 (COQ10D7) is a rare mitochondrial disease caused by biallelic mutations in COQ4. Here we report the largest cohort of COQ10D7 to date, with 11 southern Chinese patients confirmed with biallelic COQ4 mutations. Five of them have the classical neonatal-onset encephalo-cardiomyopathy, while the others have infantile onset with more heterogeneous clinical presentations. We also identify a founder mutation COQ4 (NM_016035.5): c.370G>A, p.(Gly124Ser) for COQ10D7, suggesting a higher chance of occurrence in the southern Chinese. This study helps improve understanding of the clinical spectrum of this disorder.
Dopamine affects short-term memory corruption over time in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Fallon Sean James , Gowell Matthew , Maio Maria Raquel , Husain Masud 
Published: August 2019

AbstractCognitive deficits are a recognised component of Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, particularly within the domain of short-term memory, it is unclear whether these impairments are masked, or caused, by patients’ dopaminergic medication. The effect of medication on pure maintenance in PD patients has rarely been explored, with most assessments examining maintenance intercalated between other executive tasks. Moreover, few studies have utilised methods that can measure the quality of mental representations, which can enable the decomposition of recall errors into their underlying neurocognitive components. Here, we fill this gap by examining pure maintenance in PD patients in high and low dopaminergic states. Participants had to encode the orientation of two stimuli and reproduce these orientations after a short (2 s) or long (8 s) delay. In addition, we also examined the performance of healthy, age-matched older adults to contextualise these effects and determine whether PD represents an exacerbation of the normal ageing process. Patients showed improved recall OFF compared to ON their dopaminergic medication, but only for long-duration trials. Moreover, PD patients OFF their medication actually performed at a level superior to age-matched controls, indicative of a paradoxical enhancement of memory in the low dopaminergic state. The application of a probabilistic model of response selection suggested that PD patients made fewer misbinding errors in the low, compared with high, dopaminergic state for longer-delay trials. Thus, unexpectedly, the mechanisms that prevent memoranda from being corrupted by misbinding over time appear to be enhanced in PD patients OFF dopaminergic medication. Possible explanations for this paradoxical effect are discussed.
Enhanced decision-making through multimodal training
Authors: Zwilling Christopher E. , Daugherty Ana M. , Hillman Charles H. , Kramer Arthur F. , Cohen Neal J. , Barbey Aron K. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractA central aim of research in the psychological and decision sciences is to establish interventions that enhance performance, investigating the efficacy of modern approaches to improve human inference and decision-making. Whereas the decision sciences have established interventions to reduce decision biases by promoting strategies for critical thought and reasoning, methods from psychology have instead focused on enhancing cognition through skill-based training of executive functions. Contemporary research in psychology has engaged these operations through multi-modal interventions designed to enhance cognition and physical health through training of executive functions, mindfulness meditation, and physical fitness. Despite the comparable aims of research in the psychological and decision sciences, the efficacy of multi-modal interventions to enhance decision-making remain to be established. We therefore conducted a comprehensive, 16-week, randomized controlled trial (RCT) to investigate this issue, enrolling 160 healthy adults in one of four interventions: (1) high-intensity cardioresistance fitness training (HICRT); (2) HICRT and cognitive training of core executive functions; (3) HICRT and cognitive training, along with mindfulness meditation training; or (4) active control training. The results of our RCT demonstrate that HICRT training and multi-modal interventions that also incorporate cognitive training and mindfulness meditation have beneficial effects on decision-making competence. The observed pattern of findings motivate the application of modern interventions from psychology and cognitive neuroscience to enhance human judgment and decision-making in complex, real-world environments.
Constraints to counting bioluminescence producing cells by a commonly used transgene promoter and its implications for experimental design
Authors: Mosaad E. O. , Futrega K. , Seim I. , Gloss B. , Chambers K. F. , Clements J. A. , Doran M. R. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIt is routine to genetically modify cells to express fluorescent or bioluminescent reporter proteins to enable tracking or quantification of cells in vitro and in vivo. Herein, we characterized the stability of luciferase reporter systems in C4-2B prostate cancer cells in mono-culture and in co-culture with bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (BMSC). An assumption made when employing the luciferase reporter is that the luciferase expressing cell number and bioluminescence signal are linearly proportional. We observed instances where luciferase expression was significantly upregulated in C4-2B cell populations when co-cultured with BMSC, resulting in a significant disconnect between bioluminescence signal and cell number. We subsequently characterized luciferase reporter stability in a second C4-2B reporter cell line, and six other cancer cell lines. All but the single C4-2B reporter cell population had stable luciferase reporter expression in mono-culture and BMSC co-culture. Whole-genome sequencing revealed that relative number of luciferase gene insertions per genome in the unstable C4-2B reporter cell population was lesser than stable C4-2B, PC3 and MD-MBA-231 luciferase reporter cell lines. We reasoned that the low luciferase gene copy number and genome insertion locations likely contributed to the reporter gene expression being exquisitely sensitive BMSC paracrine signals. In this study, we show that it is possible to generate a range of stable and reliable luciferase reporter prostate- and breast- cancer cell populations but advise not to assume stability across different culture conditions. Reporter stability should be validated, on a case-by-case basis, for each cell line and culture condition.
Whole transcriptome analysis reveals correlation of long noncoding RNA ZEB1-AS1 with invasive profile in melanoma
Authors: Siena Ádamo Davi Diógenes , Plaça Jéssica Rodrigues , Araújo Luiza Ferreira , de Barros Isabela Ichihara , Peronni Kamila , Molfetta Greice , de Biagi Carlos Alberto Oliveira , Espreafico Enilza Maria , Sousa Josane Freitas , Silva Wilson Araújo 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMelanoma is the deadliest form of skin cancer, and little is known about the impact of deregulated expression of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the progression of this cancer. In this study, we explored RNA-Seq data to search for lncRNAs associated with melanoma progression. We found distinct lncRNA gene expression patterns across melanocytes, primary and metastatic melanoma cells. Also, we observed upregulation of the lncRNA ZEB1-AS1 (ZEB1 antisense RNA 1) in melanoma cell lines. Data analysis from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) confirmed higher ZEB1-AS1 expression in metastatic melanoma and its association with hotspot mutations in BRAF (B-Raf proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase) gene and RAS family genes. In addition, a positive correlation between ZEB1-AS1 and ZEB1 (zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1) gene expression was verified in primary and metastatic melanomas. Using gene expression signatures indicative of invasive or proliferative phenotypes, we found an association between ZEB1-AS1 upregulation and a transcriptional profile for invasiveness. Enrichment analysis of correlated genes demonstrated cancer genes and pathways associated with ZEB1-AS1. We suggest that the lncRNA ZEB1-AS1 could function by activating ZEB1 gene expression, thereby influencing invasiveness and phenotype switching in melanoma, an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-like process, which the ZEB1 gene has an essential role.
Modular microfluidic systems cast from 3D-printed molds for imaging leukocyte adherence to differentially treated endothelial cultures
Authors: Hernández Vera Rodrigo , O’Callaghan Paul , Fatsis-Kavalopoulos Nikos , Kreuger Johan 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMicrofluidic systems are very useful for in vitro studies of interactions between blood cells and vascular endothelial cells under flow, and several commercial solutions exist. However, the availability of customizable, user-designed devices is largely restricted to researchers with expertise in photolithography and access to clean room facilities. Here we describe a strategy for producing tailor-made modular microfluidic systems, cast in PDMS from 3D-printed molds, to facilitate studies of leukocyte adherence to endothelial cells. A dual-chamber barrier module was optimized for culturing two endothelial cell populations, separated by a 250 μm wide dividing wall, on a glass slide. In proof-of-principle experiments one endothelial population was activated by TNFα, while the other served as an internal control. The barrier module was thereafter replaced with a microfluidic flow module, enclosing both endothelial populations in a common channel. A suspension of fluorescently-labeled leukocytes was then perfused through the flow module and leukocyte interactions with control and TNFα-treated endothelial populations were monitored in the same field of view. Time-lapse microscopy analysis confirmed the preferential attachment of leukocytes to the TNFα-activated endothelial cells. We conclude that the functionality of these modular microfluidic systems makes it possible to seed and differentially activate adherent cell types, and conduct controlled side-by-side analysis of their capacity to interact with cells in suspension under flow. Furthermore, we outline a number of practical considerations and solutions associated with connecting and switching between the microfluidic modules, and the advantages of simultaneously and symmetrically analyzing control and experimental conditions in such a microfluidic system.
Synaptotagmin-1 enables frequency coding by suppressing asynchronous release in a temperature dependent manner
Authors: Huson Vincent , van Boven Maaike A. , Stuefer Alexia , Verhage Matthijs , Cornelisse L. Niels 
Published: August 2019

AbstractTo support frequency-coded information transfer, mammalian synapses tightly synchronize neurotransmitter release to action potentials (APs). However, release desynchronizes during AP trains, especially at room temperature. Here we show that suppression of asynchronous release by Synaptotagmin-1 (Syt1), but not release triggering, is highly temperature sensitive, and enhances synchronous release during high-frequency stimulation. In Syt1-deficient synapses, asynchronous release increased with temperature, opposite to wildtype synapses. Mutations in Syt1 C2B-domain polybasic stretch (Syt1 K326Q,K327Q,K331Q) did not affect synchronization during sustained activity, while the previously observed reduced synchronous response to a single AP was confirmed. However, an inflexible linker between the C2-domains (Syt1 9Pro) reduced suppression, without affecting synchronous release upon a single AP. Syt1 9Pro expressing synapses showed impaired synchronization during AP trains, which was rescued by buffering global Ca2+ to prevent asynchronous release. Hence, frequency coding relies on Syt1’s temperature sensitive suppression of asynchronous release, an aspect distinct from its known vesicle recruitment and triggering functions.
Surface structure promoted high-yield growth and magnetotransport properties of Bi2Se3 nanoribbons
Authors: Kunakova Gunta , Meija Raimonds , Andzane Jana , Malinovskis Uldis , Petersons Gvido , Baitimirova Margarita , Bechelany Mikhael , Bauch Thilo , Lombardi Floriana , Erts Donats 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn the present work, a catalyst-free physical vapour deposition method is used to synthesize high yield of Bi2Se3 nanoribbons. By replacing standard glass or quartz substrates with aluminium covered with ultrathin porous anodized aluminium oxide (AAO), the number of synthesized nanoribbons per unit area can be increased by 20–100 times. The mechanisms of formation and yield of the nanoribbons synthesized on AAO substrates having different arrangement and size of pores are analysed and discussed. It is shown that the yield and average length of the nanoribbons can base tuned by adjustment of the synthesis parameters. Analysis of magnetotransport measurements for the individual Bi2Se3 nanoribbons transferred on a Si/SiO2 substrate show the presence of three different populations of charge carriers, originating from the Dirac surface states, bulk carriers and carriers from a trivial 2DEG from an accumulation layer at the Bi2Se3 nanoribbon interface with the substrate.
Coordinated community structure among trees, fungi and invertebrate groups in Amazonian rainforests
Authors: Vleminckx Jason , Schimann Heidy , Decaëns Thibaud , Fichaux Mélanie , Vedel Vincent , Jaouen Gaëlle , Roy Mélanie , Lapied Emmanuel , Engel Julien , Dourdain Aurélie , Petronelli Pascal , Orivel Jérôme , Baraloto Christopher 
Published: August 2019

AbstractLittle is known regarding how trophic interactions shape community assembly in tropical forests. Here we assess multi-taxonomic community assembly rules using a rare standardized coordinated inventory comprising exhaustive surveys of five highly-diverse taxonomic groups exerting key ecological functions: trees, fungi, earthworms, ants and spiders. We sampled 36 1.9-ha plots from four remote locations in French Guiana including precise soil measurements, and we tested whether species turnover was coordinated among groups across geographic and edaphic gradients. All species group pairs exhibited significant compositional associations that were independent from soil conditions. For some of the pairs, associations were also partly explained by soil properties, especially soil phosphorus availability. Our study provides evidence for coordinated turnover among taxonomic groups beyond simple relationships with environmental factors, thereby refining our understanding regarding the nature of interactions occurring among these ecologically important groups.
Modern Anesthetic Ethers Demonstrate Quantum Interactions
with Entangled Photons
Authors: Burdick Ryan K. , Villabona-Monsalve Juan P. , Mashour George A. , Goodson Theodore 
Published: August 2019

AbstractDespite decades of research, the mechanism of anesthetic-induced
unconsciousness remains incompletely understood, with some advocating for a quantum
mechanical basis. Despite associations between general anesthesia and changes in
physical properties such as electron spin, there has been no empirical demonstration
that general anesthetics are capable of functional quantum interactions. In this
work, we studied the linear and non-linear optical properties of the halogenated
ethers sevoflurane (SEVO) and isoflurane (ISO), using UV-Vis spectroscopy, time
dependent-density functional theory (TD-DFT) calculations, classical two-photon
spectroscopy, and entangled two-photon spectroscopy. We show that both of these
halogenated ethers interact with pairs of 800 nm entangled photons while neither
interact with 800 nm classical photons. By contrast, nonhalogenated diethyl ether
does not interact with entangled photons. This is the first experimental evidence
that halogenated anesthetics can directly undergo quantum interaction mechanisms,
offering a new approach to understanding their physicochemical properties.