bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of new factors associated to walking impairment in patients with vascular-type claudication
Authors: Mezdad Tinhinan , Henni Samir , Feuilloy Mathieu , Chauvet Pierre , Schang Daniel , Abraham Pierre 
Published: November 2018

Objectives Mechanisms of walking limitation in arterial claudication are incompletely elucidated. We aimed to identify new variables associated to walking limitation in patients with claudication. Methods We retrospectively analyzed data of 1120 patients referred for transcutaneous exercise oxygen pressure recordings (TcpO2). The outcome measurement was the absolute walking time on treadmill (3.2 km/h, 10% slope). We used both: linear regression analysis and a non-linear analysis, combining support vector machines and genetic explanatory in 800 patients with the following resting variables: age, gender, body mass index, the presence of diabetes, minimal ankle to brachial index at rest, usual walking speed over 10 m (usual-pace), number of comorbid conditions, active smoking, resting heart rate, pre-test glycaemia and hemoglobin, beta-blocker use, and exercise-derived variables: minimal value of pulse oximetry, resting chest-TcpO2, decrease in chest TcpO2 during exercise, presence of buttock ischemia defined as a decrease from rest of oxygen pressure index ≤15 mmHg. We tested the models over 320 other patients. Results Independent variables associated to walking time, by decreasing importance in the models, were: age, ankle to brachial index, usual-pace; resting TcpO2, body mass index, smoking, buttock ischemia, heart rate and beta-blockers for the linear regression analysis, and were ankle to brachial index, age, body mass index, usual-pace, decrease in chest TcpO2, smoking, buttock ischemia, glycaemia, heart rate for the non-linear analysis. Testing of models over 320 new patients gave r = 0.509 for linear and 0.575 for non-linear analysis (both p < 0.05). Conclusion Buttock ischemia, heart rate and usual-pace are new variables associated to walking time.
Success of the IL-17 Inhibitor Ixekizumab in a Case of Refractory Pediatric Psoriasis and a Summary of FDA-Approved Biologics for Moderate to Severe Pediatric Psoriasis Vulgaris
Authors: Natsis Nicola E. , Steixner Jacklyn , Gottlieb Alice B. 
Published: November 2018

Background: Pediatric psoriasis is a common, disfiguring cutaneous disease that has significant consequences on patient quality of life. The current biologic regimens for moderate to severe pediatric psoriasis vulgaris include ustekinumab, and etanercept or adalimumab. The evidence for use of other biologic agents has been limited. Objective: To provide evidence of the efficacy of ixekizumab, an IL-17 inhibitor, in the treatment of refractory pediatric psoriasis and to summarize the use of ustekinumab, etanercept, and adalimumab in pediatric moderate to severe psoriasis vulgaris. Methods: A 15-year-old male with severe, refractory psoriasis vulgaris was treated with ixekizumab injections with the following dosing: 160 mg loading dose, followed by bi-weekly 80 mg for 12 weeks, then monthly 80 mg. The PubMed database was used to search the following terms: adalimumab, etanercept, pediatric, psoriasis, refractory, resolution, treatment, and ustekinumab. The relevant randomized controlled clinical trials generated by the search were summarized. Results: Four weeks after initiating ixekizumab injections, the patient had striking improvement in his psoriatic lesions with a decrease in baseline Physician’s Global Assessment from 3 to 1 and a decrease in Psoriasis Area Severity Index from 32.1 at initiation to 2.7 at 1 month. Conclusion: Ixekizumab is not currently a Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved treatment for pediatric psoriasis. Ustekinumab and etanercept are both FDA approved and have been used with good, but incomplete responses in many cases. This case report illustrates the success of ixekizumab in the treatment of pediatric psoriasis refractory to traditional regimens and suggests IL-17 blockade may be highly effective in treating moderate to severe pediatric psoriasis.
Neutrophil α-defensins promote thrombosis in vivo by altering fibrin formation, structure, and stability
Authors: Abu-Fanne Rami , Stepanova Victoria , Litvinov Rustem I. , Abdeen Suhair , Bdeir Khalil , Higazi Mohamed , Maraga Emad , Nagaswami Chandrasekaran , Mukhitov Alexander R. , Weisel John W. , Cines Douglas B. , Higazi Abd Al-Roof 
Published: November 2018

AbstractInflammation and thrombosis are integrated, mutually reinforcing processes, but the interregulatory mechanisms are incompletely defined. Here, we examined the contribution of α-defensins (α-defs), antimicrobial proteins released from activated human neutrophils, on clot formation in vitro and in vivo. Activation of the intrinsic pathway of coagulation stimulates release of α-defs from neutrophils. α-Defs accelerate fibrin polymerization, increase fiber density and branching, incorporate into nascent fibrin clots, and impede fibrinolysis in vitro. Transgenic mice (Def++) expressing human α-Def-1 developed larger, occlusive, neutrophil-rich clots after partial inferior vena cava (IVC) ligation than those that formed in wild-type (WT) mice. IVC thrombi extracted from Def++ mice were composed of a fibrin meshwork that was denser and contained a higher proportion of tightly packed compressed polyhedral erythrocytes than those that developed in WT mice. Def++ mice were resistant to thromboprophylaxis with heparin. Inhibiting activation of the intrinsic pathway of coagulation, bone marrow transplantation from WT mice or provision of colchicine to Def++ mice to inhibit neutrophil degranulation decreased plasma levels of α-defs, caused a phenotypic reversion characterized by smaller thrombi comparable to those formed in WT mice, and restored responsiveness to heparin. These data identify α-defs as a potentially important and tractable link between innate immunity and thrombosis.
How I treat Philadelphia chromosome–positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Ravandi Farhad 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe introduction of agents targeted at specific molecular events is changing the treatment paradigms in a number of malignancies. Historically, we have relied entirely on DNA-interactive, cytotoxic drugs for treating patients with leukemia. Increased understanding of the leukemic cell biology and pathogenesis, and the ways they evade the immune surveillance mechanisms, will likely lead to the development of more effective agents, and regimens less reliant on chemotherapy, able to achieve deep levels of disease eradication. In Philadelphia chromosome–positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia, the introduction of increasingly potent tyrosine kinas inhibitors (TKIs) has revolutionized therapy. These drugs have been established as the cornerstone of any therapeutic strategy in this disease, and a number of trials have better defined the best ways to incorporate them into the established paradigms. Despite using TKIs, we have continued to remain reliant on cytotoxic chemotherapy regimens and allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant to achieve the best long-term outcomes. However, with the introduction of more potent TKIs and other novel agents, as well as better methods for monitoring minimal/measurable residual disease, we are entering an era where we hope to diminish our reliance on transplantation and cytotoxic chemotherapy in this disease.
Comparative study of singing voice detection based on deep neural networks and ensemble learning
Authors: You Shingchern D. , Liu Chien-Hung , Chen Woei-Kae 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
This paper investigates various structures of neural network models and various types of stacked ensembles for singing voice detection. The studied models include convolutional neural networks (CNN), long short term memory (LSTM) model, convolutional LSTM model, and capsule net. The input features to the network models are MFCC (mel-frequency cepstrum coefficients), spectrogram from short-time Fourier transformation, or raw PCM samples. The simulation results show that CNN model with spectrogram inputs yields higher detection accuracy, up to 91.8% for Jamendo dataset. Among the studied stacked ensemble methods, performing voting strategy yields comparable performance as the other methods, but with much lower computational cost. By voting with five models, the accuracy reaches 94.2% for Jamendo dataset.
Individuals' experiences of involuntary admissions and preserving control: qualitative study
Authors: McGuinness David , Murphy Kathy , Bainbridge Emma , Brosnan Liz , Keys Mary , Felzmann Heike , Hallahan Brian , McDonald Colm , Higgins Agnes 
Published: November 2018

BackgroundA theoretical model of individuals' experiences before, during and after involuntary admission has not yet been established.AimsTo develop an understanding of individuals' experiences over the course of the involuntary admission process.MethodFifty individuals were recruited through purposive and theoretical sampling and interviewed 3 months after their involuntary admission. Analyses were conducted using a Straussian grounded theory approach.ResultsThe ‘theory of preserving control’ (ToPC) emerged from individuals' accounts of how they adapted to the experience of involuntary admission. The ToPC explains how individuals manage to reclaim control over their emotional, personal and social lives and consists of three categories: ‘losing control’, ‘regaining control’ and ‘maintaining control’, and a number of related subcategories.ConclusionsInvoluntary admission triggers a multifaceted process of control preservation. Clinicians need to develop therapeutic approaches that enable individuals to regain and maintain control over the course of their involuntary admission.Declaration of interestNone.
Predictors of involuntary patients’ satisfaction with care: prospective study
Authors: Bainbridge Emma , Hallahan Brian , McGuinness David , Gunning Patricia , Newell John , Higgins Agnes , Murphy Kathy , McDonald Colm 
Published: November 2018

BackgroundInvoluntary admission can be traumatic and is associated with negative attitudes that persist after the episode of illness has abated.AimsWe aimed to prospectively assess satisfaction with care at the points of involuntary admission and symptomatic recovery, and identify their sociodemographic, clinical and service experience predictors.MethodLevels of satisfaction with care, and clinical and sociodemographic variables were obtained from a representative cohort of 263 patients at the point of involuntary admission and from 155 of these patients 3 months after termination of the involuntary admission. Data were analysed with multiple linear regression modelling.ResultsHigher baseline awareness of illness (B = 0.19, P < 0.001) and older age (B = 0.05, P = 0.001) were associated with more satisfaction with care at baseline and follow-up. Transition to greater satisfaction with care was associated with improvements in awareness of illness (B = 0.13, P < 0.001) and in symptoms (B = 0.05, P = 0.02), as well as older age (B = 0.04, P = 0.01). Objective coercive experiences were not associated with variation in satisfaction with care.ConclusionsThere is wide variation in satisfaction with coercive care. Greater satisfaction with care is positively associated with clinical variables such as increased awareness of illness.Declaration of interestNone.
The right to mental healthcare: India moves forward
Authors: Duffy Richard M. , Kelly Brendan D. 
Published: November 2018

In 2018, India's Mental Healthcare Act 2017 granted a legally binding right to mental healthcare to 1.3 billion people, in compliance with the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. Many countries, including the UK, ratified the Convention but only India has stepped up to the mark so dramatically.Declaration of interestNone.
Self-Reported Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Is Associated With Hypertension: A Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 Study
Authors: Ollila Meri-Maija E , Kaikkonen Kari , Järvelin Marjo-Riitta , Huikuri Heikki V , Tapanainen Juha S , Franks Stephen , Piltonen Terhi T , Morin-Papunen Laure 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Context
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with many traditional cardiovascular disease risk factors, but it is unclear whether PCOS is an independent risk factor for hypertension.

Objective
To investigate in a population-based setup whether PCOS associates with the risk of hypertension independently of body mass index (BMI) and with cardiovascular manifestations.

Design
Cross-sectional assessments in the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 at ages 31 and 46 years.

Setting
General community.

Participants
Women who reported both oligo/amenorrhea and hirsutism at age 31 years and/or a diagnosis of PCOS by age 46 years [self-reported PCOS (srPCOS), n = 279] and women without PCOS symptoms or diagnosis (n = 1577).

Intervention
None.

Main Outcome Measures
Blood pressure (BP), BMI, and cardiovascular manifestations.

Results
Use of antihypertensive medication was significantly more common in women with srPCOS. At age 31 years, women with srPCOS had significantly higher systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) than control women (SBP: normal weight: 119.9 ± 13.2 vs 116.9 ± 11.4 mm Hg, P = 0.017; overweight/obese: 126.1 ± 14.3 vs 123.0 ± 11.9 mm Hg, P = 0.031; and DBP: normal weight: 75.5 ± 10.0 vs 72.4 ± 9.6 mm Hg, P = 0.003; overweight/obese: 80.7 ± 11.8 vs 78.0 ± 10.6 mm Hg, P = 0.031). At age 46 years, srPCOS was significantly associated with hypertension (adjusted odds ratio = 1.56; 95% CI, 1.14 to 2.13) independently of BMI and with higher cardiovascular morbidity (6.8% vs 3.4%, P = 0.011). Hypertensive srPCOS displayed consistent, unfavorable changes in cardiac structure and function compared with controls.

Conclusion
Women with srPCOS displayed higher BP compared with controls already at early age and srPCOS was associated with hypertension independently of overweight/obesity. srPCOS was associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity in premenopausal women, suggesting that cardiovascular disease risk factors should be screened and efficiently managed early enough in women with PCOS.
Spatiotemporal control of axillary meristem formation by interacting transcriptional regulators
Authors: Zhang Cui , Wang Jin , Wenkel Stephan , Chandler John W. , Werr Wolfgang , Jiao Yuling 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACT
Branching is a common feature of plant development. In seed plants, axillary meristems (AMs) initiate in leaf axils to enable lateral shoot branching. AM initiation requires a high level of expression of the meristem marker SHOOT MERISTEMLESS (STM) in the leaf axil. Here, we show that modules of interacting transcriptional regulators control STM expression and AM initiation. Two redundant AP2-type transcription factors, DORNRÖSCHEN (DRN) and DORNRÖSCHEN-LIKE (DRNL), control AM initiation by regulating STM expression. DRN and DRNL directly upregulate STM expression in leaf axil meristematic cells, as does another transcription factor, REVOLUTA (REV). The activation of STM expression by DRN/DRNL depends on REV, and vice versa. DRN/DRNL and REV have overlapping expression patterns and protein interactions in the leaf axil, which are required for the upregulation of STM expression. Furthermore, LITTLE ZIPPER3, another REV-interacting protein, is expressed in the leaf axil and interferes with the DRN/DRNL-REV interaction to negatively modulate STM expression. Our results support a model in which interacting transcriptional regulators fine-tune the expression of STM to precisely regulate AM initiation. Thus, shoot branching recruits the same conserved protein complexes used in embryogenesis and leaf polarity patterning.
The RhoGEF protein Plekhg5 regulates apical constriction of bottle cells during gastrulation
Authors: Popov Ivan K. , Ray Heather J. , Skoglund Paul , Keller Ray , Chang Chenbei 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACT
Apical constriction regulates epithelial morphogenesis during embryonic development, but how this process is controlled is not understood completely. Here, we identify a Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) gene plekhg5 as an essential regulator of apical constriction of bottle cells during Xenopus gastrulation. plekhg5 is expressed in the blastopore lip and its expression is sufficient to induce ectopic bottle cells in epithelia of different germ layers in a Rho-dependent manner. This activity is not shared by arhgef3, which encodes another organizer-specific RhoGEF. Plekhg5 protein is localized in the apical cell cortex via its pleckstrin homology domain, and the GEF activity enhances its apical recruitment. Plekhg5 induces apical actomyosin accumulation and cell elongation. Knockdown of plekhg5 inhibits activin-induced bottle cell formation and endogenous blastopore lip formation in gastrulating frog embryos. Apical accumulation of actomyosin, apical constriction and bottle cell formation fail to occur in these embryos. Taken together, our data indicate that transcriptional regulation of plekhg5 expression at the blastopore lip determines bottle cell morphology via local polarized activation of Rho by Plekhg5, which stimulates apical actomyosin activity to induce apical constriction.
Direct binding of Talin to Rap1 is required for cell–ECM adhesion in Drosophila
Authors: Camp Darius , Haage Amanda , Solianova Veronika , Castle William M. , Xu Qinyuan A. , Lostchuck Emily , Goult Benjamin T. , Tanentzapf Guy 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACT
Attachment of cells to the extracellular matrix (ECM) via integrins is essential for animal development and tissue maintenance. The cytoplasmic protein Talin (encoded by rhea in flies) is necessary for linking integrins to the cytoskeleton, and its recruitment is a key step in the assembly of the adhesion complex. However, the mechanisms that regulate Talin recruitment to sites of adhesion in vivo are still not well understood. Here, we show that Talin recruitment to, and maintenance at, sites of integrin-mediated adhesion requires a direct interaction between Talin and the GTPase Rap1. A mutation that blocks the direct binding of Talin to Rap1 abolished Talin recruitment to sites of adhesion and the resulting phenotype phenocopies that seen with null alleles of Talin. Moreover, we show that Rap1 activity modulates Talin recruitment to sites of adhesion via its direct binding to Talin. These results identify the direct Talin–Rap1 interaction as a key in vivo mechanism for controlling integrin-mediated cell–ECM adhesion.
One-Step in Situ Preparation of Fe3O4/Carboxylated Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube Hybrid for the Determination of Caffeine in Carbonated Beverages
Authors: Li Na , Zhang Hong-Fei , Chen Juan , Shi Yan-Ping 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Magnetic carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (Fe3O4-MWCNTs-COOH) have been prepared via in situ preparation. The Fe3O4-MWCNTs-COOH composite was characterized by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and vibrating sample magnetometer, and then was successfully applied for the determination of caffeine in carbonated beverages coupled with high performance liquid chromatography. Compared with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide modified magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4/CTAB), chitosan modified magnetic carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (Fe3O4-MWCNTs-COOH/Chitosan), magnetic hydroxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (Fe3O4 enclosure MWCNTs-OH) and a hybrid which was composed of magnetic carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes and magnetic hydroxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (Fe3O4 enclosure MWCNTs-OH-MWCNTs-COOH), the Fe3O4-MWCNTs-COOH composite exhibited better extraction efficiency for caffeine. The main parameters affecting the extraction efficiency were optimized in detail. Under the optimal conditions, satisfactory performance was obtained. The calibration curve was linear over the concentration range of 7.0 to 600.0 ng mL−1 with correlation coefficients (r) between 0.9993 and 0.9995. The limit of detection was 2.0 ng mL−1. The recoveries were between 97.5% and 101.2% with relative standard deviations ranging from 1.8% to 3.7%. Overall, the proposed method was an effectual pretreatment and enrichment procedure and could be utilized for the analysis of caffeine in complex matrices.
Corporate Social Responsibility and Firm Risk: Theory and Empirical Evidence
Authors: Albuquerque Rui , Koskinen Yrjö , Zhang Chendi 
Published: November 2018

This paper presents an industry equilibrium model where firms have a choice to engage in corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities. We model CSR as an investment to increase product differentiation that allows firms to benefit from higher profit margins. The model predicts that CSR decreases systematic risk and increases firm value and that these effects are stronger for firms with high product differentiation. We find supporting evidence for our predictions. We address a potential endogeneity problem by instrumenting CSR using data on the political affiliation of the firm’s home state. This paper was accepted by Gustavo Manso, finance.
CONVECTIVE MASS TRANSFER THROUGH AN UNREACTIVE POROUS DEPOSIT LAYER UNDER HIGH TEMPERATURE CONDITIONS
Authors: Sun Lan , Chen Qi , Laroche Sherry 
Published: November 2018

Fe–Cr–Ni alloys have experienced localized degradation, such as stress-corrosion cracking (SCC), when used for steam generator tubes in nuclear power plants. The tube surface can be covered by a porous deposit layer resulting primarily from fouling. This porous layer acts as a barrier to the mass transfer for the chemical species in the main fluid to the tube surface. Thus, it influences the interfacial chemistry at the metal surface and the susceptibility of Fe–Cr–Ni alloys to SCC. While the chemistry of the main fluid can be controlled and monitored, this interfacial chemistry must be determined indirectly. Numerical models can be used to predict the interfacial chemistry and provide insight to SCC initiation and propagation. In the present work, a numerical model has been developed to calculate the mass-transfer rate of a chemical species, such as dissolved oxygen (DO), from main fluid to tube surface through an unreactive porous layer under single-phase liquid flow conditions. Major features of the model were validated against available literature data at room temperature (25 °C). The numerical results for high pressure (5 MPa) and high temperature (250 °C) conditions show that the effect of advection on the mass-transfer rate of DO through an unreactive porous layer dominates over that of diffusion.
Where East-meets-West meets Asianization: Aesthetics, regionality and Frank Capra’s Lost Horizon
Authors: Craven Allison 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
As a term of description, ‘Asianization’ characterizes the impact of aesthetic and narrative influences from Asian cinemas on co-produced or American films since the late twentieth century. The ‘flexible citizenship’ of filmmakers and aesthetic traditions stemming from East Asian cinemas are seen to have transformed the global action cinema, in particular. Analyses of the orientalism of self/other relations inscribed in Asianized western films permeate reception, in spite of the problematic nature of the paradigms of Orient and orientalism. This article problematizes Asianization by referring to the Asian masquerades in Hollywood cinema in the pre-Second World War era, and the orientalism and ‘East meets West’ mythos that underpins a number of these films. The main case study, Lost Horizon, a blockbuster produced by Columbia Pictures in 1937 and directed by the Italian American filmmaker, Frank Capra, is a prototype imagining of ‘Asia’. It is a simulacra instilled through the trappings of costume, set, acted masquerade and elliptic narrative geographies, and facilitated by the racial proscriptions of the Motion Picture Association of America (Hays) Code of the era. The aesthetic discourse is marked, I argue, by duality whereby Asia is presented as both threat and paradise, a duality that resonates, if disparately, in the aesthetics of contemporary and twentieth-century Asianized films.