bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Somatostatin Analogs and Glucose Metabolism in Acromegaly: A Meta-Analysis of Prospective Interventional Studies
Authors: Cozzolino Alessia , Feola Tiziana , Simonelli Ilaria , Puliani Giulia , Pozza Carlotta , Giannetta Elisa , Gianfrilli Daniele , Pasqualetti Patrizio , Lenzi Andrea , Isidori Andrea M 
Published: March 2018

Abstract

Context
Somatostatin analogs (SSAs) effectively control growth hormone secretion in first- and second-line treatment of acromegaly. Their effect on glucose metabolism is still debated.

Objective
To address the following questions: (1) Do SSAs affect fasting plasma glucose (FPG), fasting plasma insulin, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), glucose load (glucose levels after 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test), homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-I), homeostatic model assessment of pancreatic β-cell function (HOMA-β), triglycerides, weight, or body mass index? (2) Do lanreotide and octreotide affect metabolism differently? (3) Does their effect depend on disease control?

Design
We performed a meta-analysis of prospective interventional trials treating acromegaly with SSAs. Inclusion criteria: all studies reporting glycometabolic outcomes before and after SSAs with a minimum 6-month follow-up.

Results
The inclusion criteria were met by 47 studies treating 1297 subjects (631 females). SSA treatment effectively lowered fasting plasma insulin [effect size (ES), −6.67 mU/L; 95% confidence interval (CI), −8.38 to −4.95 mU/L; P &lt; 0.001], HOMA-I (ES, −1.57; CI, −2.42 to −0.72; P &lt; 0.001), HOMA-β (ES, −47.45; CI, −73.15 to −21.76; P &lt; 0.001), and triglycerides (ES, −0.37 mmol/L; CI, −0.47 to −0.27 mmol/L; P &lt; 0.001). SSAs worsened glucose levels after a 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test (ES, 0.59 mmol/L; CI, 0.05 to 1.13 mmol/L; P = 0.032), but not FPG. A mild but significant increase in HbA1c (ES, 0.12%; CI, 0.00% to 0.25%; P = 0.044) was found in subjects treated with octreotide.

Conclusions
SSA treatment in acromegaly patients, while improving disease control, reduces insulin levels, increases after-load glucose, and, ultimately, increases HbA1c levels without affecting FPG. The findings suggest that clinicians treating acromegaly with SSAs should consider targeting postprandial glucose.
Biomarker-based analysis of preclinical progression in spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy
Authors: Hijikata Yasuhiro , Hashizume Atsushi , Yamada Shinichiro , Inagaki Tomonori , Ito Daisuke , Hirakawa Akihiro , Suzuki Keisuke , Atsuta Naoki , Tsuboi Takashi , Hattori Makoto , Hori Akihiro , Banno Haruhiko , Sobue Gen , Katsuno Masahisa 
Published: March 2018

ObjectiveTo identify a candidate biomarker reflecting biological changes during the preclinical progression of spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA).MethodsWe analyzed longitudinal changes in biochemical parameters obtained during health examinations before and after the diagnosis of SBMA. We estimated trajectories of clinical markers across years from the onset of weakness using linear mixed models and compared these trajectories with those estimated for male healthy controls and patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and Parkinson disease (PD). Moreover, we examined the relationship between serum creatinine level and the onset of symptoms using Kaplan-Meier curves.ResultsBetween October 2014 and October 2017, we enrolled 40 patients with genetically confirmed SBMA, 48 healthy controls, 25 patients with ALS, and 20 patients with PD. In patients with SBMA, we evaluated the patients' data for a period of 17.3 ± 7.5 years, including 11.4 ± 7.1 years of preclinical phase. Decreases in serum creatinine occurred >10 years before the onset. The mean serum creatinine concentration was 0.56 mg/dL at the onset of weakness in patients with SBMA compared to 0.88 ± 0.10 mg/dL on final evaluation in healthy controls. Serum levels of alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase showed tendencies to increase in preclinical SBMA. These preclinical changes of biomarkers were not observed in either ALS or PD.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that serum creatinine begins to decrease before the onset of clinical symptoms and is a biomarker for disease progression and the efficacy of therapeutics in preclinical SBMA.
Myocellular Responses to Concurrent Flywheel Training during 70 Days of Bed Rest
Authors: MURACH KEVIN A. , MINCHEV KIRIL , GROSICKI GREG J. , LAVIN KALEEN M. , PERKINS RYAN K. , RYDER JEFFREY W. , SCOTT JESSICA , PLOUTZ-SNYDER LORI , TRAPPE TODD A. , TRAPPE SCOTT 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT

Purpose
This investigation evaluated myocellular responses to an integrated resistance and aerobic training program during 70 d of bed rest.

Methods
Training was 6 d·wk−1 on a small-footprint gravity-independent flywheel resistance and aerobic device; 3 d of maximal flywheel supine quadriceps and calf exercises with continuous rowing separated by 4 to 6 h, and 3 d of interval rowing. Vastus lateralis (VL) and soleus (SOL) muscle biopsies were obtained from eight healthy males (age, 28 ± 4 yr; BMI, 25 ± 3 kg·m−2; V˙O2max, 42 ± 6 mL·kg−1·min−1) before and after 6° head-down tilt bed rest. Vastus lateralis and SOL myosin heavy chain (MHC) I and IIa single muscle fiber size and functional characteristics, as well as overall fiber type distribution, capillarization, and metabolic enzyme activities were evaluated.

Results
In the VL, MHC I size and power (absolute and normalized) were preserved. The MHC IIa fibers hypertrophied (+6%, P < 0.05) without a change in absolute power, so normalized power declined (−7%, P < 0.05). In the SOL, MHC I fibers atrophied (−9%) and absolute power declined (−17%) (P < 0.05), whereas normalized power was maintained. Size, absolute power, and normalized power were protected in the less-abundant MHC IIa fibers. Reduced MHC coexpressing hybrid fibers, generally indicative of an exercise training effect, was apparent in the VL, whereas fiber type was maintained in the SOL. Capillarization and metabolic enzymes were generally preserved or increased in VL and SOL.

Conclusions
The integrated resistance and aerobic training protocol on a device maintains several key myocellular characteristics during prolonged unloading, but further refinement of the exercise approach to fully protect the SOL is warranted.
Procesualność postpamięci i jej reprezentacje w literaturze oraz sztuce współczesnej
Authors: Chruściel Marcin 
Published: March 2018

Postmemory’s Processuality and Its Representations in Literature and Contemporary Art
The text is an attempt to analyze literary postmemory representation in three scenes confronted with the language of art. The subject matter are novels: Zagłada (Extinction) by Piotr Szewc, Tworki by Marek Bieńczyk and Pensjonat (Pension) by Piotr Paziński and an exhibition: Poland – Israel – Germany. Auschwitz Experience at the Museum of Contemporary Art MOCAK in Krakow. These books had their premieres at intervals of at least ten years, becoming marks of consecutive decades of duration of the concept of postmemory. Zagłada (1987), Tworki (1999) and Pensjonat (2009) could be read as another mainstream views of the postmemory and building a horizon of contemporary Polish literature. In dialogue with these novels an exhibition open on the 15th of May, 2015 in MOCAK has been submitted to analysis. The intention of the text is to point transformations in postmemory in different fields of artistic activity.
Przekład literacki jako postpamięć w podróży
Authors: Gaszyńska‑Magiera Małgorzata 
Published: March 2018

Literary Translation as Travelling Memory. On the Circumstances of the Reception of Polish Postmemorial Novels in Spain
The phenomenon of the translation of postmemorial novels could be interpreted as a case of a so called travelling memory. The notion of postmemory connotes a temporal shift, while the process of translation implies a spacial one. In order to study the reception of such literary works in a foreign context, it is necessary not only to take into account such aspects as the knowledge of the receiving public about their historical background and the source literary system but also the existence – or lack – of parallel literary forms of expressing memory in the target culture. In the article, conditions of the reception in Spain of three Polish postmemorial novels, Weiser Dawidek by Paweł Huelle, Hanemann by Stefan Chwin and Tworki by Marek Bieńczyk, are discussed on.
Dyskurs żalu czy ulgi?
Authors: Rejowska‑Pasek Agata , Pasek Zbigniew 
Published: March 2018

The Discourse of Regret or Relief? Wałbrzych Twenty Years After the Closure of the Mines
The paper presents the results of field research carried out in 2015 in Wałbrzych, focused on as well memory as arising postmemory of citizens, clustered around the closure of all coal mines in the 1990s. For citizens of Wałbrzych their failure was liminal situation and memory about it is still alive and constitutes significant element of identity. Memory of this social trauma and civilizational collapse is passed down from one generation to the next and also has impact on those whowere not personally affected by it. The narratives established around the liquidation of the coal mines are split and often contrary. On the one hand the work in the mine was considered positively (primarily because of the financial benefitsand social respect), but on the other hand poor working conditions were emphasized. Respondents remembered about dangerousness of the work in mine (therefore relief discourse), but at the same time they criticized decision about the closure of coal mines (therefore resentment discourse).
Postpamięć i świadkowie zastępczy a współczesne opisy tzw. konfliktu polsko‑ukraińskiego z okresu II wojny światowej
Authors: Syrnyk Jarosław 
Published: March 2018

Postmemory and Substitute Witnesses in Contemporary Descriptions of the So-Called Polish-Ukrainian Conflict During the World War II
This article presents the general problem of the postmemorial character of parts of contemporary historiography. An illustration of this issue is the preliminary analysis of descriptions of Polish‑Ukrainian relations during World War II. The analysis is based on tropes derived from genocide studies. Several research hypotheses were formulated on this basis. They require further verification. This is, among others, the question of introducing the concept of ‘social postmemory’and showing its relation to historical policy. Promising seems to the perception of the connection between post‑memory, discursiveness, and eristic. The issue of intergenerational dialogue on the past and memory has also emerged in thebackground of deliberations. In the article, an ethno‑historical variant of practicing history has also been criticized in an indirect way.
Revisiting the Compression Parallel to Grain Design Values of Douglas-Fir
Authors: Miyamoto Byrne T. , Cheung Kevin , Clauson Milo , Sinha Arijit 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
After the decrease in southern pine (Pinus spp.) design values, concerns were raised over the design values of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii), the most important structural species in the Pacific Northwest of the United States. Moreover, species need to be re-evaluated every 5 years for properties by the grading agencies. Variability within Douglas-fir lumber may have increased over time because of changes in the silvicultural practices and management techniques including the shift from government to private plantation. The compression parallel to the grain design values took the greatest hit for southern pine. To assess if there is any decrease in the compressional design values, No.2 grade Douglas-fir, of dimensions 38 by 89 by 2,438 mm, were attained from 36 different locations and were cut into 229-mm sections with 20 samples from each location. A total of 720 samples were tested to failure in compression parallel to grain according to ASTM International D4761. Additionally, 288 clear specimens were also tested. The compression strength was calculated and was compared among locations. The data were pooled to calculate the design values for compression parallel to the grain and compared with listed values in the National Design Specification. Variation of compressive strength within locations was observed, but even after accounting for the variation the calculated values are above the average reported value for clear wood specimens and higher than the code-recommended design value for nonclear specimens.
Bezeichnungen für Menschen mit Behinderungen in kroatischen und serbischen Presseberichten über die Paralympics 2016 in Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Radünzel Claudia 
Published: March 2018

Summary
The present article deals with Croatian and Serbian terms that denote people with disabilities placing a particular focus on the structure of these terms and the frequency of their use in current language. The study is based on 398 articles about the XV Summer Paralympic Games in Rio de Janeiro published in the online issues of 19 Croatian and Serbian newspapers from September 2016. The texts reflect an increasing interest in the situation of people with disabilities in Croatia and Serbia. They show a growing tendency to use altern­ate, non-discriminatory terms instead of the formerly established ones. One example is the term “invalid”, which was common in the past, but is today replaced by “osoba s/ sa invaliditetom”.
A unifying approach to impersonality in Russian
Authors: Schlund Katrin 
Published: March 2018

SummaryDespite the ever-growing number of studies about impersonal constructions, there is still no unanimity about which constructions actually fall under the label of impersonality. Consensus on how to define impersonals, even within one language, remains elusive in part because of the opposition between formal (subject-centred) and functional (agent-centred) approaches to impersonality, as outlined by Siewierska (2008). The paper attempts to combine both lines of reasoning. It suggests that the impersonal domain in Russian is represented by a network of constructions that are all related to one another by the formal marker of impersonality on the verb (i. e., third person singular neuter) and by semantic and pragmatic characteristics (namely, deviation from prototypical subject properties; Malchukov & Ogawa 2011).
Sequencing Effects of Plyometric Training Applied Before or After Regular Soccer Training on Measures of Physical Fitness in Young Players
Authors: Ramirez-Campillo Rodrigo , Alvarez Cristian , Gentil Paulo , Loturco Irineu , Sanchez-Sanchez Javier , Izquierdo Mikel , Moran Jason , Nakamura Fabio Y. , Chaabene Helmi , Granacher Urs 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Ramirez-Campillo, R, Alvarez, C, Gentil, P, Loturco, I, Sanchez-Sanchez, J, Izquierdo, M, Moran, J, Nakamura, FY, Chaabene, H, and Granacher, U. Sequencing effects of plyometric training applied before or after regular soccer training on measures of physical fitness in young players. J Strength Cond Res 34(7): 1959–1966, 2020—To compare the effects of short-term (i.e., 7 weeks) plyometric jump training applied before (PJT-B) or after (PJT-A) soccer practice on components of physical fitness in young soccer players, a single-blind randomized controlled trial was conducted. Postpubertal boys aged 17.0 ± 0.5 years were allocated to 3 groups: PJT-B (n = 12), PJT-A (n = 14), and control (CON; n = 12). The outcome measures included tests to evaluate 20-m speed, standing long jump (SLJ), squat jump (SJ), countermovement jump (CMJ), and drop jump (DJ), 20-m multistage shuttle run endurance (MSSRT), and Illinois change-of-direction speed (ICODT). Although the CON performed soccer-specific training, the PJT-A and PJT-B groups conducted the same soccer-specific sessions but replaced ∼11% of their time with plyometric training. The PJT-B group performed plyometric exercises after a warm-up program, and the PJT-A group conducted plyometric exercises ∼10 minutes after the completion of soccer training. Analyses of variance were used to detect differences between groups in all variables for pretraining and posttraining tests. Main effects of time (all p < 0.01; d = 0.19–0.79) and group × time interactions (all p ≤ 0.05; d = 0.17–0.76) were observed for all examined variables. Post hoc analyses revealed significant increases in the PJT-B group (SLJ: 9.4%, d = 1.7; CMJ: 11.2%, d = 0.75; 20-m MSSRT: 9.0%, d = 0.77) and the PJT-A group (SLJ: 3.1%, d = 0.7; CMJ: 4.9%, d = 0.27; 20-m MSSRT: 9.0%, d = 0.76). Post hoc analyses also revealed significant increases in the PJT-B group (20-m speed: −7.4%, d = 0.75; 20-cm DJ reactive strength index: 19.1%, d = 1.4; SJ: 6.3%, d = 0.44; ICODT results: −4.2%, d = 1.1). In general, our study revealed that plyometric training is effective in improving measures of physical fitness in young male soccer players when combined with regular soccer training. More specifically, larger training-induced effects on physical fitness were registered if plyometric training was conducted before soccer-specific training.
Lower Extremity Horizontal Work But Not Vertical Power Predicts Lower Extremity Injury in Female Collegiate Dancers
Authors: Ambegaonkar Jatin P. , Schock Catherine S. , Caswell Shane V. , Cortes Nelson , Hansen-Honeycutt Jena , Wyon Matthew A. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractAmbegaonkar, JP, Schock, CS, Caswell, SV, Cortes, N, Hansen-Honeycutt, J, and Wyon, MA. Lower extremity horizontal work but not vertical power predicts lower extremity injury in female collegiate dancers.J Strength Cond Res32(7): 2018–2024, 2018—Dancers often perform powerful and explosive movements that require adequate lower extremity (LE) activity in horizontal and vertical directions. We examined whether these measures were interrelated and whether they predicted LE injury status in dancers using binary logistic regressions and receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analyses. Forty-three collegiate female dancers (18 ± 0.7 years; 162.6 ± 5.9 cm; 59.4 ± 7.1 kg) performed single leg hop (SLH, m) and vertical jump (VJ, cm) tests. Single leg hop and VJ distances were used to calculate SLH norm (as a % of body height) and vertical power (vPower, watts). Lower extremity injuries and dance exposure hours (DEhrs) were recorded for 16 weeks. Dancers had 51 injuries resulting in a 3.7/1,000 DEhr injury incidence rate (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.7–4.7). Twenty dancers were injured, whereas 23 remained injury free. Injured dancers had significantly lower SLH norm than noninjured dancers (t= 2.7,p= 0.009, 85.2 ± 11.2% vs. 76.8 ± 8.4%, respectively), but vPower was similar (t= 0.6,p= 0.53, injured = 2,632.0 ± 442.9 watts, noninjured = 2,722.7 ± 480.0 watts). SLH norm, but not vPower significantly predicted injury status χ2(1,43) = 5.9,p= 0.02. Specifically, an SLH norm cut-off value of 78.2% identified dancers at injury risk (area under the curve = 0.73,SE= 0.08,p= 0.01, 95% CI = 0.57–0.89, sensitivity = 0.75, specificity = 0.70). However, vPower was not able to identify dancers at risk (p= 0.36). vPower had moderate relationships with SLH norm (r= 0.31,p= 0.04). Compared with injured dancers, noninjured dancers had greater SLH norm but similar vPower. Only SLH norm predicted injury status in female collegiate dancers. Thus, the SLH test may possibly predict LE injury risk in dancers. Strength and conditioning coaches can prospectively use baseline SLH test screenings to identify dancers whose SLH is less than 78.2% of their height because these dancers may have increased probability of LE injury risk. Coaches can then include horizontal direction exercises when designing training programs and examine whether these programs reduce LE injury risk in female collegiate dancers.
Effect of Match Factors on the Running Performance of Elite Female Soccer Players
Authors: Trewin Joshua , Meylan César , Varley Matthew C. , Cronin John , Ling Daphne 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Trewin, J, Meylan, C, Varley, MC, Cronin, J, and Ling, D. Effect of match factors on the running performance of elite female soccer players. J Strength Cond Res 32(7): 2002–2009, 2018—The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of match factors on the match running of elite female soccer players. Players from the same women's national team (n = 45) were monitored during 47 international fixtures (files = 606) across 4 years (2012–2015) using 10-Hz global positioning system devices. A mixed model was used to analyze the effects of altitude, temperature, match outcome, opposition ranking, and congested schedules. At altitude (>500 m), a small increase in the number of accelerations (effect size [ES] = 0.40) and a small decrease in total distance (ES = −0.54) were observed, whereas at higher temperatures, there were decreases in all metrics (ES = −0.83 to −0.16). Playing a lower ranked team in a draw resulted in a moderate increase in high-speed running (ES = 0.89), with small to moderate decreases in total distance and low-speed running noted in a loss or a win. Winning against higher ranked opponents indicated moderately higher total distance and low-speed running (ES = 0.75), compared with a draw. Although the number of accelerations were higher in a draw against lower ranked opponents, compared with a win and a loss (ES = 0.95 and 0.89, respectively). Practitioners should consider the effect of match factors on match running in elite female soccer.
Synaptogenesis Is Modulated by Heparan Sulfate inCaenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Lázaro-Peña María I , Díaz-Balzac Carlos A , Bülow Hannes E , Emmons Scott W 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe nervous system relies on synapses to transmit information between neurons and thereby direct behavior, but how the correct synaptic connections are genetically specified is poorly understood. By genetically ablating enzymes that modify heparan sulfate...The nervous system regulates complex behaviors through a network of neurons interconnected by synapses. How specific synaptic connections are genetically determined is still unclear. Male mating is the most complex behavior in Caenorhabditis elegans. It is composed of sequential steps that are governed by &gt; 3000 chemical connections. Here, we show that heparan sulfates (HS) play a role in the formation and function of the male neural network. HS, sulfated in position 3 by the HS modification enzyme HST-3.1/HS 3-O-sulfotransferase and attached to the HS proteoglycan glypicans LON-2/glypican and GPN-1/glypican, functions cell-autonomously and nonautonomously for response to hermaphrodite contact during mating. Loss of 3-O sulfation resulted in the presynaptic accumulation of RAB-3, a molecule that localizes to synaptic vesicles, and disrupted the formation of synapses in a component of the mating circuits. We also show that the neural cell adhesion protein NRX-1/neurexin promotes and the neural cell adhesion protein NLG-1/neuroligin inhibits the formation of the same set of synapses in a parallel pathway. Thus, neural cell adhesion proteins and extracellular matrix components act together in the formation of synaptic connections.