bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expectativas de los Millenials en el contexto laboral: Un estudio de género.
Authors: De la Garza Carranza Dra. Marí­a Teresa , Soria Dr. Eugenio Guzmán , López Lemus Dr. Jorge Armando 
Published: July 2019

Localización: Cortazar, Guanajuato México, ISSN Electrónico 2007-977X, No. 10 (Enero - Abril), 2019, págs. 1 - 11Idioma: EspañolTitulos paralelos: Millenials expectations in the labor context: A study of gender.RESUMEN El objetivo del proyecto es investigar las diferencias por género de las expectativas de los millennials en el trabajo. Se analizaron aspectos como relaciones entre las personas, responsabilidad social y crecimiento personal. Para ello se realizó un estudio cuantitativo con 422 sujetos en Guanajuato, México. Los resultados encontrados muestran que en general estas expectativas no se cubren de una manera totalmente satisfactoria por parte de las empresas tomando en cuenta la percepción de sus empleados millennial y que existen áreas de oportunidad para mejora. Adicionalmente se encontró que no hay diferencia entre hombres y mujeres a excepción de dos rubros: la responsabilidad social y su percepción de las prestaciones otorgadas. Finalmente, se presentan estrategias para el mejoramiento de la retención de los millennials en el trabajo.Palabras clave: Millennials, expectativas en el trabajo, diferencias de género.ABSTRACTThe objective of the project is to investigate gender differences in the expectations of millennials at work. We analyzed aspects such as relationships between people, social responsibility and personal growth. To do this, a quantitative study was conducted with 422 subjects in Guanajuato, Mexico. The results found show that, in general, these expectations are not met in a totally satisfactory manner by the companies taking into account the perception of their millennial employees and that there are areas of opportunity for improvement. Additionally, it was found that there is no difference between men and women except for two items: social responsibility and their perception of the benefits granted. Finally, strategies to improve the retention of millennials at work are presented.Keywords: Millennials, expectations at work, gender differences.
Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Ketersediaan Ruang Terbuka Hijau pada Setiap Dominasi Penggunaan Lahan (Studi Kasus: Kota Surakarta)
Authors: Prabowoningsih Nida Hayu , Putri Rufia Andisetyana , Rini Erma Fitria 
Published: July 2019

<p class="AbstractTitle"><em>Abstrak</em></p><p class="ColorfulList-Accent11CxSpFirst"><em>Pemerintah Kota Surakarta berupaya meminimalisir emisi dengan penyediaan ruang terbuka hijau. Kondisi eksisting RTH publik sebesar 12.74% dari luas Kota Surakarta, angka tersebut menggambarkan bahwa ruang terbuka hijau eksisting di Kota Surakarta belum dapat memenuhi standar RTH publik 20%. Selain itu, menurut Permen PU No 5 Tahun 2008 menjelaskan bahwa RTH pada karakteristik guna lahan yang berbeda, maka arahan RTH juga berbeda. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor- faktor yang mempengaruhi ketersediaan ruang terbuka hijau pada setiap dominasi penggunaan lahan di kota surakarta. Faktor- faktor yang mempengaruhi ketersediaan ruang terbuka hijau pada setiap dominasi penggunaan lahan di Kota Surakarta, yaitu ketersediaan anggaran, alokasi ruang terbuka hijau dalam perencanaan tata ruang, implementasi rencana kerja terkait RTH, penghargaan dalam program penghijauan, pelaksana program, partisipasi masyarakat, pengaruh tokoh masyarakat, keberadaan komunitas hijau, daya serap pohon terhadap CO2, ketersediaan lahan, nilai lahan, dan pengawasan pengendalian tata guna lahan. Analisis AHP digunakan untuk mengetahui tingkatan faktor yang mempengaruhi ketersediaan ruang terbuka hijau. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan setiap dominasi penggunaan lahan industri, perumahan, perdagangan jasa, perlindungan setempat, dan ruang terbuka memiliki faktor prioritas yang berbeda- beda. Faktor utama yang paling berpengaruh di zona industri adalah pengawasan pengendalian tata guna lahan, zona perumahan dan perdagangan jasa adalah alokasi ruang terbuka hijau dalam perencanaan tata ruang, zona perlindungan setempat adalah ketersediaan anggaran, sedangkan zona ruang terbuka adalah daya serap pohon terhadap CO2.</em></p><p class="ColorfulList-Accent11CxSpLast"><em> </em></p><p class="Keywords"><strong><em>Kata Kunci</em></strong><em>: </em><em>ketersediaan, faktor, penggunaan lahan, ruang terbuka hijau</em><em></em></p>
Ongoing Disparities in Prediagnosis Preexposure Prophylaxis Use Among Persons Recently Diagnosed With HIV in New York City, 2015–2017
Authors: Misra Kavita , Huang Jamie S. , Udeagu Chi-Chi N. 
Published: July 2019

Objectives. To quantify sociodemographic disparities in prediagnosis preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) use in persons recently diagnosed with HIV in New York City and assigned for partner services. Methods. We used partner services data from November 2015 to September 2017 from persons diagnosed with HIV in the past 12 months (n = 3739) to compare individuals with self-reported or documented pre–HIV diagnosis PrEP use (“prediagnosis PrEP users”) with those having none (“never users”). We constructed a penalized likelihood regression model generating sociodemographic predictors of prediagnosis PrEP use, employing Firth’s adjustment for the rare outcome. Results. We found report of prediagnosis PrEP use in 95 persons (3%). The adjusted odds ratios (AORs) of prediagnosis PrEP use were lower among non-Hispanic Blacks (AOR = 0.18; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.09, 0.32) and Hispanics (AOR = 0.31; 95% CI = 0.17, 0.55) than among non-Hispanic Whites, among persons aged 30 years or older (AOR = 0.45; 95% CI = 0.28, 0.72) than those younger than 30 years, among cis-women (AOR = 0.13; 95% CI = 0.02, 0.48) than cis-men, and among residents of Queens (AOR = 0.25; 95% CI = 0.10, 0.55) than those of Manhattan. Conclusions. Disparities in HIV prevention based on race/ethnicity, gender, age, and local geography may manifest themselves in differential PrEP use.
Health Toll From Open Flame and Cigarette-Started Fires on Flame-Retardant Furniture in Massachusetts, 2003–2016
Authors: Rodgers Kathryn M. , Swetschinski Lucien R. , Dodson Robin E. , Alpert Hillel R. , Fleming Joseph M. , Rudel Ruthann A. 
Published: July 2019

Objectives. To evaluate the risk of death and injury in residential fires started on upholstered furniture, with a focus on open flame and cigarette-related heat sources. Methods. We used civilian death and injury data from 34 081 residential fires in the Massachusetts Fire Incident Reporting System from 2003 to 2016. We compared outcomes associated with fires that started on upholstered furniture ignited by smoking materials versus open flames. Results. Although fires starting on upholstered furniture were not common (2.2% of total fires), odds of death and injury were significantly higher in these fires than in fires started on other substrates. Among furniture fires, odds of death were 3 times greater when those fires were ignited by smoking materials than when ignited by open flames (odds ratio = 3.4; 95% confidence interval = 1.3, 10.9). Conclusions. Furniture fires started by smoking materials were associated with more deaths than were furniture fires started by open flames. Public Health Implications. Historically, furniture flammability regulations have focused on open flame heat sources, resulting in the addition of toxic flame retardants to furniture. Interventions to reduce deaths should instead focus on smoking materials.
Effects of the Affordable Care Act Medicaid Expansion on Subjective Well-Being in the US Adult Population, 2010–2016
Authors: Kobayashi Lindsay C. , Altindag Onur , Truskinovsky Yulya , Berkman Lisa F. 
Published: July 2019

Objectives. To determine whether the 2014 Affordable Care Act Medicaid expansion affected well-being in the low-income and general adult US populations. Methods. We obtained data from adults aged 18 to 64 years in the nationally representative Gallup-Sharecare Well-Being Index from 2010 to 2016 (n = 1 674 953). We used a difference-in-differences analysis to compare access to and difficulty affording health care and subjective well-being outcomes (happiness, sadness, worry, stress, and life satisfaction) before and after Medicaid expansion in states that did and did not expand Medicaid. Results. Access to health care increased, and difficulty affording health care declined following the Medicaid expansion. Medicaid expansion was not associated with changes to emotional states or life satisfaction over the study period in either the low-income population who newly gained health insurance or in the general adult population as a spillover effect of the policy change. Conclusions. Although the public health benefits of the Medicaid expansion are increasingly apparent, improved population well-being does not appear to be among them. Public Health Implications. Subjective well-being indicators may not be informative enough to evaluate the public health impact of expanded health insurance.
Effect of the Affordable Care Act’s Medicaid Expansions on Food Security, 2010–2016
Authors: Himmelstein Gracie 
Published: July 2019

Objectives. To examine whether the expansion of Medicaid under the Affordable Care Act (ACA) decreased the prevalence of severe food insecurity. Methods. With data on adult respondents to the Food Security Supplement to the Current Population Survey in US states for the years 2010 to 2013 and 2015 to 2016, I used a difference-in-difference design to compare trends in very low food security (VLFS) among low-income childless adults in states that did and did not expand Medicaid in 2014 under the ACA. Results. Among low-income, nonelderly childless adults, VLFS rose from 17.4% before ACA to 17.5% after ACA in nonexpansion states, and fell from 17.6% to 15.9% in expansion states. In difference-in-difference analysis, Medicaid expansion was associated with a significant adjusted 2.2-percentage-point decline in rates of VLFS, equivalent to a 12.5% relative reduction. Conclusions. The improvement in food security after the ACA’s health insurance expansion suggests that health insurance provision has spillover effects that reduce other dimensions of poverty. Public Health Implications. Providing free or low-cost health insurance coverage may free up household funds, reducing food insecurity and improving this important social determinant of health.
Geographic Access to Preexposure Prophylaxis Clinics Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in the United States
Authors: Siegler Aaron J. , Bratcher Anna , Weiss Kevin M. 
Published: July 2019

Objectives. To explore US geographic areas with limited access to HIV preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) providers, PrEP deserts. Methods. We sourced publicly listed PrEP providers from a national database of PrEP providers from 2017 and obtained county-level urbanicity classification and population estimates of men who have sex with men (MSM) from public data. We calculated travel time from census tract to the nearest provider. We classified a census tract as a PrEP desert if 1-way driving time was greater than 30 or 60 minutes. Results. One in 8 PrEP-eligible MSM (108 758/844 574; 13%) lived in 30-minute-drive deserts, and a sizable minority lived in 60-minute-drive deserts (38 804/844 574; 5%). Location in the South and lower urbanicity were strongly associated with increased odds of PrEP desert status. Conclusions. A substantial number of persons at high risk for HIV transmission live in locations with no nearby PrEP provider. Rural and Southern areas are disproportionately affected. Public Health Implications. For maximum implementation effectiveness of PrEP, geography should not determine access. Programs to train clinicians, expand venues for PrEP care, and provide telemedicine services are needed.
Generational Differences in Grit, Self-Control, and Conscientiousness Among Orthopaedic Surgeons
Authors: Samuelsen Brian T. , Desai Vishal S. , Turner Norman S. , Kelly Anne M. , Grawe Brian , Camp Christopher L. 
Published: July 2019

Background:
The training process and practice of orthopaedic surgery is demanding and arduous. Accordingly, grit, self-control, and conscientiousness are desirable qualities in orthopaedic surgeons. Some established orthopaedists have expressed concern that the future generation of surgeons may not possess the same level of grit as their predecessors. The purpose of this study was to evaluate levels of grit among attending orthopaedic surgeons, identify predictors of grit in orthopaedic surgeons, and compare grit scores between attending surgeons and orthopaedic residency applicants. We hypothesized that applicants would demonstrate lower grit and self-control scores but greater conscientiousness scores than attending surgeons.

Methods:
A total of 2,342 attending orthopaedic surgeons and 895 orthopaedic residency applicants from the 2016-2017 National Resident Matching Program (NRMP) were given surveys that quantified their grit, self-control, and conscientiousness. Demographic and career information also was collected.

Results:
Assessments were completed by 655 (28%) of 2,342 practicing orthopaedic surgeons and 455 (50.8%) of 895 orthopaedic residency applicants. The residency applicants demonstrated higher mean grit scores (4.12 of 5.0) than the attending orthopaedic surgeons (4.03) (p < 0.01). These average scores placed applicants and attending surgeons at the 70th and 65th percentile, respectively, when compared with the general population. There were no differences in self-control (p = 0.68) or conscientiousness (p = 0.93) between the 2 groups. Attending surgeons with more publications had increased grit (p < 0.01), self-control (p = 0.04), and conscientiousness (p = 0.01) scores. Attending surgeons who had been inducted into the Alpha Omega Alpha honor society as medical students demonstrated greater conscientiousness scores than those who were not members (p = 0.04).

Conclusions:
Orthopaedic residency applicants were at least as gritty, consistent in their interest, persevering in their efforts, and ambitious as currently practicing orthopaedic surgeons. Although these results may be encouraging and diverge from some preconceived perceptions of “millennials,” it is unclear if they will be predictive of career success in the next generation of orthopaedists.
The Odom Criteria: Validated at Last
Authors: Broekema Anne E.H. , Molenberg Rob , Kuijlen Jos M.A. , Groen Rob J.M. , Reneman Michiel F. , Soer Remko 
Published: July 2019

Background:
The Odom criteria, established in 1958, are a widely used, 4-point rating scale for assessing the clinical outcome after cervical spine surgery. Surprisingly, the Odom criteria have never been validated, to our knowledge. The aim of this study was to investigate the reliability and validity of the Odom criteria for the evaluation of surgical procedures of the cervical spine.

Methods:
Patients with degenerative cervical spine disease were included in the study and divided into 2 subgroups on the basis of their most predominant symptom: myelopathy or radiculopathy. Reliability was assessed with interrater and test-retest design using quadratic weighted kappa coefficients. Construct validity was assessed by means of hypotheses testing. To evaluate whether the Odom criteria could act as a global perceived effect (GPE) scale, we assessed concurrent validity by comparing area under the curve (AUC) values of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for the set of questionnaires.

Results:
A total of 110 patients were included in the study; 19 were excluded, leaving 91 in our analysis. Reliability assessments showed κ = 0.77 for overall interrater reliability and κ = 0.93 for overall test-retest reliability. Interrater reliability was κ = 0.81 for the radiculopathy subgroup and κ = 0.68 for the myelopathy subgroup. At least 75% of the hypotheses were met. The AUCs showed similar characteristics between the Odom criteria and GPE scale.

Conclusions:
The Odom criteria met the predefined criteria for reliability and validity. Therefore, the Odom criteria may be used to assess surgical outcome after a cervical spine procedure, specifically for patients presenting with radicular symptoms. The results of previous studies that have been deemed less trustworthy because of the use of the Odom criteria should be reconsidered.
Posterior Acromial Morphology Is Significantly Associated with Posterior Shoulder Instability
Authors: Meyer Dominik C. , Ernstbrunner Lukas , Boyce Glenn , Imam Mohamed A. , El Nashar Rany , Gerber Christian 
Published: July 2019

Background:
The purpose of this paper was to determine whether acromial morphology influences anteroposterior shoulder stability. We hypothesized that a more horizontal and higher position of the acromion in the sagittal plane would be associated with posterior instability.

Methods:
In this retrospective study, patients with unidirectional posterior instability were age and sex-matched to a cohort of patients with unidirectional anterior instability. Both cohorts were compared with a control group of patients with no instability and no degenerative glenohumeral (rotator cuff and/or joint surface) or acromial changes. Measurements on radiographs included posterior acromial tilt, anterior and posterior acromial coverage (AAC and PAC), posterior acromial height (PAH), and the critical shoulder angle (CSA).

Results:
The number of patients enrolled in each instability group was 41, based on a priori power analysis. The control group consisted of 53 shoulders. Of the measured anatomic factors, PAH showed the most significant association with posterior instability (odds ratio [OR] = 1.8; p < 0.001) in the logistic regression model. PAH was significantly greater in the posterior instability group compared with the anterior instability group (30.9 versus 19.5 mm; p < 0.001). With a cutoff value of PAH of 23 mm, the OR for posterior instability was 39. Shoulders with posterior instability were also significantly different from normal shoulders with regard to PAH (p < 0.001), AAC (p < 0.001), and PAC (p < 0.001) whereas, in the shoulders with anterior instability, all of these values except the AAC (p = 0.011) did not differ from those of normal shoulders.

Conclusions:
Specific acromial morphology is significantly associated with the direction of glenohumeral instability. In shoulders with posterior instability, the acromion is situated higher and is oriented more horizontally in the sagittal plane than in normal shoulders and those with anterior instability; this acromial position may provide less osseous restraint against posterior humeral head translation. A steep “Swiss chalet roof-type” acromion virtually excluded recurrent posterior instability in an albeit relatively small cohort of patients. Additional investigation is needed to determine the relevance of these findings for future treatment.

Level of Evidence:
Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Reduced Revision Risk for Dual-Mobility Cup in Total Hip Replacement Due to Hip Fracture
Authors: Jobory Ammar , Kärrholm Johan , Overgaard Søren , Becic Pedersen Alma , Hallan Geir , Gjertsen Jan-Erik , Mäkelä Keijo , Rogmark Cecilia 
Published: July 2019

Background:
The dual-mobility acetabular cup (DMC) has an additional bearing consisting of a mobile polyethylene component between the prosthetic head and the outer metal shell. This design has gained popularity in revision total hip arthroplasty (THA) and in primary treatment of femoral neck fractures with the anticipation of a reduced risk of THA instability. Our primary aim was to evaluate the overall revision risk of these cups on the basis of data from the Nordic Arthroplasty Register Association (NARA) database, and our secondary aim was to study specific revision causes including dislocation.

Methods:
Propensity score matching for age, sex, fixation of the cup and stem, and the year of surgery (2001 to 2014) was used to match 4,520 hip fractures treated with a DMC to 4,520 hip fractures treated with conventional THA (control group). Competing risk regression analyses with revision or death as the end point were used. Revision was defined as a secondary surgical procedure in which any component of the implant was removed or exchanged. In addition, revision of the cup was analyzed.

Results:
The DMCs had a lower risk of revision compared with conventional THA, with an adjusted hazard ratio (AHR) of 0.75 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.62 to 0.92). This was consistent after adjusting for surgical approach. DMCs had a lower risk of revision due to dislocation (AHR = 0.45 [95% CI = 0.30 to 0.68]) but we found no difference regarding revision for deep infection. Revision of the acetabular component, both in general and due to dislocation, was more frequent with the use of conventional cups. The risk of death was higher in the DMC group (AHR = 1.49 [95% CI = 1.40 to 1.59]).

Conclusions:
The use of a DMC as primary treatment for hip fracture was associated with a lower risk of revision in general and due to dislocation in particular. The total number of DMCs analyzed (4,520) likely exceeds any cohort of DMC-treated fractures published to date.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
A Novel Treatment for Anterior Shoulder Instability
Authors: Willemsen Koen , Berendes Thomas D. , Geurkink Timon , Bleys Ronald L.A.W. , Leeflang Marius A. , Weinans Harrie , Castelein René M. , Nelissen Rob G.H.H. , van der Wal Bart C.H. 
Published: July 2019

Background:
Anterior glenohumeral instability with >20% glenoid bone loss is a disorder that can be treated with the Latarjet stabilizing procedure; however, complications are common. The purposes of this study were to (1) evaluate the effect of an anatomic-specific titanium implant produced by 3-dimensional (3D) printing as a treatment option for recurrent shoulder instability with substantial glenoid bone loss and (2) compare the use of that implant with the Latarjet procedure.

Methods:
Ten fresh-frozen cadaveric shoulders (mean age at the time of death, 78 years) were tested in a biomechanical setup with the humerus in 30° of abduction and in neutral rotation. The shoulders were tested under 5 different conditions: (1) normal situation, (2) creation of an anterior glenoid defect, (3) implantation of an anatomic-specific titanium implant produced by 3D printing, and the Latarjet procedure (4) with and (5) without 10 N of load attached to the conjoined tendon. In each condition, the humerus was translated 10 mm anteriorly relative to the glenoid, and the maximum peak translational force that was necessary for this translation was measured.

Results:
After creation of the glenoid defect, the mean translational peak force decreased by 30% ± 6% compared with that for the normal shoulder. After restoration of the original glenoid anatomy, the translational force needed to dislocate the humeral head from the glenoid significantly increased compared with that in the defect condition—to 119% ± 16% of normal (p < 0.01) with the 3D-printed anatomic-specific implant and to 121% ± 48% of normal (p < 0.01) following the Latarjet procedure. No significant differences in mean translational force were found between the anatomic-specific implant and the Latarjet procedure (p = 0.72).

Conclusions:
The mean translational peak force needed to dislocate the humerus 10 mm anteriorly on the glenoid was higher after glenoid restoration with the 3D-printed anatomic-specific implant compared with when the glenoid had a 20% surface defect but also compared with when the glenoid was intact. No differences in mean translational peak force were found between the 3D-printed anatomic-specific glenoid implant and the Latarjet procedure, although there was less variability in the 3D-implant condition.

Clinical Relevance:
Novel 3D-printing technology could provide a reliable patient-specific alternative to solve problems related to traditional treatment methods for shoulder instability.