bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Population prevalence and predictors of self-reported exposure to court-ordered, tobacco-related corrective statements
Authors: Blake Kelly D , Willis Gordon , Kaufman Annette 
Published: September 2019

ObjectiveTo describe the population prevalence and predictors of self-reported exposure to court-ordered tobacco-related corrective statements in 2017–2018, when they were first implemented in newspapers and on television.MethodsNationally representative data from the 2018 Health Information National Trends Survey were used (n=3504). Frequencies and weighted proportions were calculated for seeing any corrective statement and for each of the five court-ordered corrective statements. Weighted, multivariable logistic regression was used to examine sociodemographic and smoking status predictors of reported exposure to any corrective statement.ResultsIn 2018, an estimated 40.6% of US adults had seen messages in newspapers or on television in the past 6 months stating that a federal court has ordered tobacco companies to make statements about the dangers of smoking cigarettes. Reported exposure to topic-specific statements ranged from 11.4% (manipulation of cigarette design) to 34.7% (health effects). Those with a high school education were significantly less likely than those with a college degree to report seeing the statements (OR=0.69, CI 0.50 to 0.95) and current smokers were significantly more likely than never smokers to report seeing them (OR=1.68, CI 1.12 to 2.53).ConclusionsIn the first 6 months of corrective statement implementation, an estimated 40.6% of US adults reported at least one exposure to any corrective statement, and current smokers were more likely than never smokers to report exposure. Traditional media channels can be effective for tobacco-related message dissemination; however, they may fail to reach more than half of the adult population without additional targeted communication efforts.
Survival analysis of 219 dogs with hyperadrenocorticism attending primary care practice in England
Authors: Schofield Imogen , Brodbelt David C , Wilson Anna R L , Niessen Stijn , Church David , O'Neill Dan 
Published: September 2019

BackgroundHyperadrenocorticism is an endocrine disease routinely encountered within primary care practice; however, few studies evaluating survival beyond diagnosis have studied this population.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study analysed the electronic patient records of 219 cases of hyperadrenocorticism from a sample of dogs attending primary care practices in England. Kaplan‐Meier plots examined the cumulative survival and Cox proportional hazard regression modelling identified factors associated with the hazard of all‐cause mortality.ResultsIn the analysis, 179/219 (81.7 per cent) hyperadrenocorticism cases died during the study period with a median survival time from first diagnosis of 510 days (95% CI 412 to 618 days). Trilostane was used in 94.1 per cent of cases and differentiation between pituitary‐dependent and adrenal‐dependent disease was made in 20.1 per cent of cases. In the multivariable analysis, dogs weighing greater than or equal to 15 kg (HR 1.51, 95% CI 1.06 to 2.15, P=0.023) and those diagnosed greater than or equal to 13 years of age (HR 3.74, 95% CI 2.29 to 6.09, P<0.001) had increased hazards of all‐cause mortality. Dogs that had their initial trilostane dose increased had a favourable prognosis (HR 0.49, 95% CI 0.32 to 0.76, P=0.015).ConclusionThis study shows that survival from diagnosis of hyperadrenocorticism appears fair for many dogs and provides primary care practitioners with relatable benchmark prognostic figures.
Ultrasonographic visualisation of the mesenteric vasculature in horses with large colon colic
Authors: Manso‐Díaz Gabriel , Bolt David M , López‐Sanromán Javier 
Published: September 2019

BackgroundUltrasonographic visualisation of the mesenteric vasculature of the large colon (LC) from the right side of the abdomen in cases of displacement and volvulus has been described. However, the LC can move freely within the abdomen and its mesentery can potentially contact both sides of the abdominal wall.MethodsThirty‐four horses presented with LC‐related colic that had visible LC mesenteric vasculature visible on abdominal ultrasound were included. A control group was made including horses with confirmed small intestinal‐related colic. The objective of this study was to evaluate the visibility of LC mesenteric vasculature with transabdominal ultrasonography in horses with LC‐related colic and to determine its diagnostic value.ResultsThe LC mesenteric vasculature was identified on the right side of the abdomen in 16/34 horses with right dorsal displacement of the LC (RDDLC), 180° LC volvulus (LCV), 540° LCV or LC impaction. On the left side of the abdomen, LC mesenteric vessels were identified in 17/34 horses with left dorsal displacement of the LC (LDDLC), 180° LCV or RDDLC. Vessels were visualised on both sides in one horse with a 180° LCV. Presence of LC mesenteric vasculature in the dorsal aspect on the left side of the abdomen was significantly associated with LDDLC.ConclusionLC mesenteric vasculature can be visualised on transabdominal ultrasound from either side of the abdomen in horses with different forms of LC‐related colic.
Background assessment for the TREX dark matter experiment
Authors: Castel J. , Cebrián S. , Coarasa I. , Dafni T. , Galán J. , Iguaz F. J. , Irastorza I. G. , Luzón G. , Mirallas H. , Ortiz de Solórzano A. , Ruiz-Chóliz E. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractTREX-DM is conceived to look for low-mass Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) using a gas Time Projection Chamber equipped with Micromegas readout planes at the Canfranc Underground Laboratory. The detector can hold in the active volume$$\sim 20~l$$∼20lof pressurized gas up to 10 bar, corresponding to 0.30 kg of Ar or 0.16 kg of Ne. The Micromegas are read with a self-triggered acquisition, being thresholds below 0.4 keV (electron equivalent) at reach. A low background level in the lowest energy region is another essential requirement. To assess the expected background, all the relevant sources have been considered, including the measured fluxes of gamma radiation, muons and neutrons at the Canfranc Laboratory, together with the activity of most of the components used in the detector and ancillary systems, obtained in a complete assay program. The background contributions have been simulated by means of a dedicated application based on Geant4 and a custom-made code for the detector response. The background model developed for the detector presently installed in Canfranc points to levels from 1 to 10 counts$$\hbox {keV}^{-1}\ \hbox {kg}^{-1}\ \hbox {day}^{-1}$$keV-1kg-1day-1in the region of interest, making TREX-DM competitive in the search for low-mass WIMPs. A roadmap to further decrease it down to 0.1 counts$$\hbox {keV}^{-1}\ \hbox {kg}^{-1}\ \hbox {day}^{-1}$$keV-1kg-1day-1is underway.
On missing Bianchi identities in cohomology formulation
Authors: Gao Xin , Shukla Pramod , Sun Rui 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
In this article, we perform a deep analysis of the Bianchi identities in the two known formulations developed for the four-dimensional effective type IIA supergravity theory with (non-)geometric fluxes. In what we call the ‘first formulation’, fluxes are expressed in the real six-dimensional indices while in the ‘second formulation’, fluxes are written in the cohomology form. We find that the set of flux constraints arising from these two known formulations are not equivalent, and there are missing identities in the cohomology version which need to be supplemented to match with the first formulation. By analyzing two explicit examples, we conjecture a model independent form for (the most of) the missing identities. These identities have been mostly overlooked in the previous attempts of studying moduli stabilization, particularly for the models developed in the beyond toroidal frameworks, where they could play some important role.
The role of male forearm crust odour in fringe-lipped bats (Trachops cirrhosus)
Authors: Flores Victoria , Mateo Jill M. , Page Rachel A. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Chemical signals can play important roles in communication, and this is especially true for social mammals such as bats. Male fringe-lipped bats (Trachops cirrhosus) produce an odorous substance on their forearm, called forearm crust. Only adult males with descended testes produce forearm crust. This is thus a sexually dimorphic odour, which suggests that it is a sexually selected trait. Since males lack a specific gland on their forearm we sought to identify the source of the forearm crust. Our second aim was to test female and male preference for this trait. Based on gas chromatography and mass spectrometry analyses we tentatively identified several compounds that were exclusive to the forearm crust. We found that the chemical composition of the forearm crust was not mainly composed of chest gland secretions or urine. We conducted a y-maze odour preference experiment to test whether adult females and reproductive males preferred the odour of a male with forearm crust compared to the odour of a male without forearm crust. Contrary to our prediction we found that females did not approach the scent of a male with forearm crust more frequently than the scent of male without forearm crust. We found that males with forearm crust, however, preferred the odour of males without forearm crust. Overall our results suggest that in this Neotropical bat species, reproductive males could use odorous signals in the forearm crust to mediate interactions between reproductive males and potentially avoid costly competition for mates or aggression. In sum, our results shed light on the role that chemical mediated signals can play in mammalian social behaviour.
Destruction of a conspecific nest by a female Superb Lyrebird: evidence for reproductive suppression in a bird with female-only parental care
Authors: Austin Victoria I. , Welbergen Justin A. , Maisey Alex C. , Lindsay Meghan G. , Dalziell Anastasia H. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Reproductive suppression, whereby individuals decrease the reproductive output of conspecific rivals, is well-studied in mammals, but while it is suspected to be widespread in birds, evidence of this phenomenon remains rare in this class. Here we provide compelling evidence of reproductive suppression in the Superb Lyrebird (Menura novaehollandie), with the first audio-visual documentation of the destruction of one female’s nest by another. We propose that nest destruction may be a strategy that females use in protracted territorial negotiations spanning multiple breeding seasons, and discuss how reproductive suppression could explain puzzling nesting behaviours in this species, such as the construction of multiple unfinished nests in each breeding season. More broadly, these results reveal high intra-sexual competition among female lyrebirds, and thus may provide an explanation for their elaborate vocal displays.
Self-Knowledge and Self-Determination at the Limits of Capitalism
Authors: Thomson Sinclair 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
This text is an introduction to the new English translation of critical theorist René Zavaleta Mercado’s Towards a History of the National-Popular in Bolivia: 1879–1980. It surveys principal themes in the book and discusses why Zavaleta (1935–84) is a pertinent thinker for the global South and capitalist periphery today.
A Competitive Race among Friends: The Campaign of the Kingdom of the Netherlands for a Seat on the UN Security Council
Authors: Tahzib-Lie Bahia , Rosing Jan Reinder 
Published: September 2019

Summary
On 31 December 2018, the Kingdom of the Netherlands — the Netherlands, Aruba, Curaçao and St Maarten — concluded its one-year membership of the United Nations Security Council (UNSC), prompting many to reflect on its meaningful contribution to international peace and security during this time. The UNSC has exclusive and far-reaching powers with regard to maintaining international peace and security. For this reason, non-permanent seats on the UNSC are highly coveted. They confer prestige, influence and respectability on the seat-holders. Given the popularity of these seats, the Kingdom’s ability to influence decision-making within the UNSC became possible only after an intensive election campaign. In this practitioners’ perspective, we provide our insights and observations on the Kingdom of the Netherlands’ campaign strategy for the UNSC elections in 2016.
The Mediatisation of MFAS: Diplomacy in the New Media Ecology
Authors: Manor Ilan , Crilley Rhys 
Published: September 2019

Summary
The proliferation of social media has had a profound impact on the practice of diplomacy; diplomats can bypass the press and communicate their messages directly to online audiences. Subsequently, ministries of foreign affairs (MFAS) are now mediatised; they produce media content, circulate content through social media and adopt media logics in their daily operations. Through a case study of the Israeli MFA during the 2014 Gaza War, this article explores the mediatisation of MFAS. It does so by analysing how the Israeli MFA crafted frames through which online audiences could understand the war and demonstrates that these frames evolved as the conflict unfolded. It then draws attention to the important way in which MFAS are now media actors through a statistical analysis, which demonstrates that the use of images in tweets increased engagement with the Israeli MFA’s frames. Finally, the article illustrates how these frames were used to legitimize Israel’s actions, and delegitimise those of Hamas.
From Delhi to Dili: Facebook Diplomacy by Ministries of Foreign Affairs in the Asia-Pacific
Authors: Spry Damien 
Published: September 2019

Summary
This article uses digital research methods to explore the use of Facebook by ministries of foreign affairs (MFAs) in several Asian locations. It contextualises this analysis by considering four factors that contribute to the growing complexity confronting public diplomacy: environmental factors (digitalised, networked media); institutional factors (diplomatic norms and traditions, and MFAs’ policies and practices); algorithmic factors (the programming that organises social media content); audience factors (social media users). The analysis shows most Facebook content posted by MFAs is driven by institutional factors. Yet this content is not the most appealing to digital publics, who are more likely to engage with content they find relevant and useful, or emotionally resonant. The article concludes that Facebook, and digital media generally, can provide multiple small opportunities for outreach, if due consideration is given to audiences’ needs and motivations. These audience factors may be the most important, but least considered, by MFAs.
Insights from Barclay, Paul and the Gift, Applied to the Shorter Pauline Letters
Authors: Streete Gail P. , Hutson Christopher R. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
This orientation essay provides an overview of the four other articles in this special section on J. M. G. Barclay’s, Paul and the Gift (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2015). After introducing key ideas from Barclay’s work, which focuses on Paul’s letters to the Galatians and Romans, we summarize three studies in which scholars employ Barclay’s method to examine some of the shorter Pauline letters. Wendell L. Willis discusses Philippians; Jerry L. Sumney discusses 2 Thessalonians; and Margaret Y. MacDonald discusses Ephesians. This special section also includes Barclay’s responses to all three. In addition, we explain how this collection of essays originated in the work of the Disputed Paulines Section of the Annual Meeting of the Society of Biblical Literature.
“We Are Obliged to Give Thanks”: Aspects of Grace in 2 Thessalonians
Authors: Sumney Jerry L. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Drawing on the aspects of grace that John M. G. Barclay identifies, this essay examines the understandings of grace found in 2 Thessalonians. We find that 2 Thessalonians “perfects” (pushes to the extreme) the superabundance and emphasizes the priority of God’s gift of grace. Unlike what Barclay finds in Romans and Galatians, 2 Thessalonians does not perfect the incongruity of grace. It allows that there is a sense in which God has chosen the appropriate people to give grace. Because it does not perfect the incongruity between the worthiness of the recipient and the offer of grace, its view of grace is similar to that of the Wisdom of Solomon. Seeing that 2 Thessalonians does not perfect incongruity as Paul does in Romans and Galatians may offer a new perspective from which to think about its authorship.
God’s Gift in Ephesians: Dwelling in the Space of Divine Transcendence in the Face of Hopelessness and Dislocation
Authors: MacDonald Margaret Y. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
With a focus on Eph 4:7-16, the article highlights the significance of the concept of “gift” in Ephesians. John Barclay’s work helps to situate the Paul of Ephesians among Jewish theologians of grace, especially the perspective of the Qumran Hodayot with respect to the incongruity of divine mercy. Moreover, the results of recent analyses of Ephesians within the Roman Imperial context, including civic and familial concepts, are pushed to a new level of understanding. The study includes an examination of the link between ancient ideologies and practices related to gift giving and the delineation of social bonds and communal obligations where the depiction of the role of Christ as the giver of ministerial gifts plays a crucial role. Ultimately, the essay goes some way to close the perceived gap between the undisputed letters and Ephesians in term of a theology of grace.
Gift and Grace in Philippians, 2 Thessalonians, and Ephesians: a Response
Authors: Barclay John M. G. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
This response to Willis, Sumney, and MacDonald highlights and develops their key points. Reinforcing Willis’ reading of gift-reciprocity in Philippians, seen even in the self-giving (non-“taking”) of Christ (Phil 2.6-11), it is argued that Paul views gifts in Christ as operative simultaneously at two levels—gifts circulate among believers, but also come from God and are offered to God. Sumney’s reading of 2 Thessalonians is nuanced by connecting the language of “worth” to 1 Thess 2.12: the congruity between believers and the Kingdom of God is based on the agency of God and the prior gift of new life. Further reflection is offered on the perfection of “efficacy” and its possible range of meanings. Finally, MacDonald’s reading of Ephesians is affirmed with emphasis on the Christ-gift as the key to the cosmos; the Psalm-interpretation in Ephesians 4.7-10 clarifies how this gift permeates (“fills”) all reality, as manifested first in gifts within Christ’s body.
The Origin and Development of the Custom for the Bride to Circle the Groom Three or Seven Times
Authors: Ron Zvi 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
This article traces the origin and development of the by now ubiquitous Ashkenazic custom for the bride to circle the groom under the chuppa. The custom began as circling three times, and various reasons were given for this particular practice. Due to kabbalistic influence, the custom shifted from three circuits to seven, the common custom today. The reasons given also changed over time, reflecting changing attitudes to the symbolism of the wedding ceremony.
Incidence and Radiological Findings of Incidental Sinus Opacifications in Patients Undergoing Septoplasty or Septorhinoplasty
Authors: Kim Sung Hee , Oh Jin Seok , Jang Yong Ju 
Published: September 2019

Objectives: Although the routine use of computed tomography (CT) is controversial, it is employed in the preoperative screening of patients undergoing septoplasty or septorhinoplasty. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence and radiological characteristics of incidentally found sinus pathologies on screening CT in patients who underwent elective septoplasty or septorhinoplasty. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the patients who underwent septoplasty and septorhinoplasty performed by a single surgeon (Y.J.J.) at Asan Medical Center between January 2016 and December 2017. CT images of 372 patients who had agreed to undergo preoperative CT were reviewed to determine the location and extent of incidental sinus opacifications. Results: Of the 372 patients, 107 (28.8%) showed incidental sinus lesions on CT images. Opacifications were mainly found in the maxillary sinus (73, 68.2%), followed by the ethmoid (34, 31.8%), sphenoid (10, 9.3%), and frontal (3, 2.8%) sinuses. The most common sinus lesion was retention cyst (55, 51.4%), and the second most common one was opacification and mucosal thickening (46, 43%). Other lesions such as osteoma (3, 2.8%), dental cyst (2, 1.9%), and mucocele (1, 0.9%) were rarely found. Conclusions: In patients undergoing septoplasty or septorhinoplasty, the incidence of incidental sinus lesions was approximately 28.8% (107/372). This results indicate that preoperative CT in patients undergoing septoplasty or septorhinoplasty might be helpful to surgeons not only for better understanding the anatomical detail but also for detecting hidden paranasal sinus disease.
Optimization of Protocol for Isolation of Chondrocytes from Human Articular Cartilage
Authors: Muhammad Suleiman Alhaji , Nordin Norshariza , Hussin Paisal , Mehat Muhammad Zulfadli , Tan Sheau Wei , Fakurazi Sharida 
Published: September 2019

Objective Cartilage tissue engineering has evolved as one of the therapeutic strategies for cartilage defect, which relies on a large number of viable chondrocytes. Because of limited availability of cartilage and low chondrocytes yield from cartilage, the need for an improve isolation protocol for maximum yield of viable cells is a key to achieving successful clinical constructs. This study optimizes and compares different protocols for isolation of chondrocytes from cartilage. Design We employed enzymatic digestion of cartilage using collagenase II and trypsin. The chondrocytes yield, growth kinetics, aggrecan, and collagen type 2 (COL2) expression were evaluated. Collagen type 1 (COL1) mRNA expression was assessed to monitor the possibility of chondrocytes dedifferentiation. Results Chondrocyte yield per gram of cartilage was significantly higher ( P < 0.05) using collagenase II in Hank’s balanced salt solution (HBSS) compared with 0.25% trypsin. The number of chondrocyte yield per gram was higher in cartilage digested with collagenase in HBSS compared with Dulbecco’s modified Eagle medium/F12; however, the difference was not statistically significant. Chondrocytes seeded at lower densities had shorter population doubling time compared to those seeded at higher density. Protein and gene expression of chondrocyte phenotype indicates the expression of aggrecan and COL2. The expression of COL1 was significantly increased ( P < 0.05) in passage 3 compared with primary chondrocytes. The mRNA expression of chondrocyte phenotype was similar in primary and passaged one cells. Conclusions Collagenase in HBSS yield the highest number of viable chondrocytes and the isolated cells expressed chondrocyte phenotype. This protocol can be employed to generate large number of viable chondrocytes, particularly with limited cartilage biopsies.