bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relevance of NAT2 genotype to anti‐tuberculosis drug‐induced hepatotoxicity in a Chinese Han population
Authors: Lu Lihuan , Tao Bilin , Wei Haixu , Chen Hongbo , He Xiaomin , Pan Hongqiu , Yang Miaomiao , Yi Honggang , Tang Shaowen 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundAnti‐tuberculosis drug‐induced hepatotoxicity (ATDH) is a serious adverse drug reaction. The slow acetylator status of N‐acetyl transferase 2 (NAT2) is a well‐established risk factor for ATDH. One novel tagging single nucleotide polymorphism (tagging SNP), rs1495741, in NAT2 has been found to be highly predictive of the NAT2 phenotype. The present study aimed to validate the relationships between tagging SNP rs1495741 and ATDH in a Chinese Han population.MethodsA 1:2 matched case–control study was conducted using 235 ATDH cases and 470 controls. Conditional or unconditional logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the association between genotypes and the risk of ATDH according to the odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI).ResultsPatients carrying the AA genotype of tagging SNP rs1495741 were at higher risk of ATDH than those carrying the GG genotype (OR = 1.653, 95% CI = 1.050–2.601; p = 0.030). Subgroup analysis suggested that the AA genotype was a risk factor for ATDH in patients aged older than 50 years (OR = 2.486, 95% CI = 1.313–4.706; p = 0.005), weighing over 50 kg (OR = 1.757, 95% CI = 1.016–3.038; p = 0.044) or using a hepatoprotectant (OR = 1.611, 95% CI = 1.009–2.572; p = 0.046). Tagging SNP rs1495741 was not a significant risk factor for moderate and severe hepatotoxicity but appears to be relevant to risk of mild hepatotoxicity specifically.ConclusionsThe present study is the first to validate the relationships between the tagging SNP rs1495741 and ATDH in a Chinese population. Based on this case–control study, the NAT2 rs1495741 polymorphism is a risk factor for mild but not more severe ATDH in Chinese Han patients.
Prevalence of hepatitis E virus infection in multiple transfused Brazilian patients with thalassemia and sickle cell disease
Authors: Slavov Svetoslav N. , Maçonetto Juliana D. M. , Martinez Edson Z. , Silva‐Pinto Ana Cristina , Covas Dimas T. , Eis‐Hübinger Anna Maria , Kashima Simone 
Published: May 2019

AbstractHepatitis E virus (HEV) is a leading cause of acute hepatitis worldwide. The virus is acquired by fecal‐oral route; however, it can also be transmitted by blood transfusion. The objective of the study was to examine anti‐HEV immunoglobulin G and HEV RNA prevalence in multiple transfused patients with thalassemia and sickle cell disease (SCD), and in blood donors. The HEV seroprevalence in the patients was 13% (20% in thalassemics; 7.7% in SCD), and 11% in blood donors. No positive result for HEV RNA was obtained. This is a pioneer study examining HEV circulation in Brazilian patients with hemoglobinopathies.
Effect of ultrasonic thawing on the water‐holding capacity, physicochemical properties and structure of frozen tuna (Thunnus tonggol) myofibrillar proteins
Authors: Li Xiu‐xia , Sun Pan , Ma Yingying , Cai Luyun , Li Jian‐rong 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe effect of ultrasonic thawing (0, 160, 280, 400 W) on water‐holding capacity (WHC), physicochemical properties and structure of tuna myofibrillar proteins was investigated.RESULTSThawing time was shown to decrease and thawing loss to increase significantly (P < 0.05) as power increased (160–400 W), whereas there was no significant difference (P > 0.05) in cooking loss. Changes in T2 relaxation time were investigated using low‐field nuclear magnetic resonance. Ultrasonic thawing could significantly (P < 0.05) improve the immobilised water content compared to the control (0 W). surface hydrophobicity decreased significantly and then increased significantly (P < 0.05), whereas there was no significant difference (P > 0.05) in the reactive sulfhydryl content as power was increased. Tuna thawed at 280 W suffered fewer negative effects on its microstructure. Roman spectral date showed that the α‐helix changed to a random coil and β‐turn as power was increased (up to 400 W).CONCLUSIONThe application of ultrasonic thawing at a specified power was showed to be a beneficial process when used in the seafood industry, but application of excessive power resulted in lower WHC and structural changes to myofibrillar proteins. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Preparative and scaled‐up separation of high‐purity α‐linolenic acid from perilla seed oil by conventional and pH‐zone refining counter current chromatography
Authors: Han Tian , Yang Guang , Cao Xueli , Li Haoze , Pei Hairun , Zhang Zhijun 
Published: May 2019

Abstractα‐Linolenic acid is an essential omega‐3 fatty acid needed for human health. However, the isolation of high‐purity α‐linolenic acid from plant resources is challenging. The preparative separation methods of α‐linolenic acid by both conventional and pH‐zone refining counter current chromatography were firstly established in this work. The successful separation of α‐linolenic acid by conventional counter current chromatography was achieved by the optimized solvent system n‐heptane/methanol/ water/acetic acid (10:9:1:0.04, v/v), producing 466 mg of 98.98% α‐linolenic acid from 900 mg free fatty acid sample prepared from perilla seed oil with linoleic acid and oleic acid as by‐products. The scaled‐up separation in 45× is efficient without loss of resolution and extension of separation time. The separation of α‐linolenic acid by pH‐zone refining counter current chromatography was also satisfactory by the solvent system n‐hexane/methanol/water (10:5:5, v/v) and the optimized concentration of trifluoroacetic acid 30 mM and NH4OH 10 mM. The separation can be scaled up in 180× producing 9676.7 mg of 92.79% α‐linolenic acid from 18 000 mg free fatty acid sample. pH‐zone refining counter current chromatography exhibits a great advantage over conventional counter current chromatography with 20× sample loading capacity on the same column.
Soil organic carbon stocks under recommended management practices in different soils of semiarid vineyards
Authors: Gristina Luciano , Scalenghe Riccardo , García‐Díaz Andrés , Matranga Maria Gabriella , Ferraro Vito , Guaitoli Fabio , Novara Agata 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) approach is widely used to estimate the C account through the use of standardized coefficients that are not site specific. For these reasons, the aim of the work was to define specific IPCC coefficient taking into account differences in pedological characteristics that affect soil C steady state.In a vineyard area of Sicily, the effectiveness of 5 years of recommended management practice (RMP) adoption on soil organic carbon (SOC) stock increases was evaluated by considering 100 paired sites distributed over four functional soil groups. Each site consisted of two neighbouring plots. The soil of one plot was managed with cover crops according to RMP, and the other plot was managed with conventional tillage practices. IPCC coefficients were also derived and specifically adjusted for semiarid environments.SOC changes following RMP adoption and SOC steady‐state levels were correlated with functional soil groupings. SOC increased from 24.8 to 28.3 t ha−1 in conventional and RMP vineyards, respectively, with the highest increases being observed in vertic and the lowest in calcic soils. The management factor (Fmg) ranged from 1.11 for calcaric to 1.44 for vertic functional soil groups. C maintenance requirement (C input) should be estimated in relation to soil functional groups.Findings of this study highlighted how the fine tuning of C steady state in relation to specific environmental characteristics is necessary to avoid overestimation of soil C sequestration. Awareness of correct soil C sequestration potential is useful for policymakers and stakeholders for future C account and land degradation control planning.
Inorganic nitrogen has a dominant impact on estuarine eelgrass distribution in the Southern Gulf of St. Lawrence, Canada
Authors: van den Heuvel Michael R. , Hitchcock Jesse K. , Coffin Michael R. S. , Pater Christina C. , Courtenay Simon C. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractEelgrass (Zostera marina) coverage and height were evaluated in 16 estuaries in the Southern Gulf of St. Lawrence, Canada, using boat‐based sonar surveys to determine the dominant factors in the decline of eelgrass in the region. Eelgrass coverage was modeled from the sonar surveys and quantified as the percentage of available habitat occupied—with habitat being defined by salinity limits (> 10 PSU) and depth (< 3 m). Estuaries showed a marked variation in eelgrass coverage ranging between 6% and 57% of available habitat, with eelgrass absent in the upper estuary of estuaries with the highest nitrate loading. The Dunk River estuary showed a decline in eelgrass coverage between 1967 and 2014, a period of increasing nitrogen loading. Measures of eelgrass height were not related to coverage endpoints, suggesting that height variables are not suitable endpoints for overall eelgrass health. Analysis of the influence of environmental factors showed that the factor that consistently correlated to eelgrass coverage was nitrate‐N loading while the factor most influencing eelgrass height was light attenuation. A nonlinear logistic loading‐effect model relating eelgrass coverage to nitrate‐N loading indicated that 10%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 90% decline in eelgrass would be expected to occur in response to estuarine nitrate‐N loads of 1.3 kg ha−1 yr−1, 8.0 kg ha−1 yr−1, 50.0 kg ha−1 yr−1, 312 kg ha−1 yr−1, and 1947 kg ha−1 yr−1, respectively. These results suggest that inorganic nitrogen loading is the most significant factor to be addressed by environmental managers when addressing eelgrass declines in estuaries similar to those studied.
Precisely Controlled Delivery of Abaloparatide through Injectable Hydrogel to Promote Bone Regeneration
Authors: Ning Ziyu , Tan Baoyu , Chen Bo , Lau Dzi Shing Aaron , Wong Tak Man , Sun Tianhao , Peng Songlin , Li Zhaoyang , Lu William Weijia 
Published: May 2019

AbstractSide‐effects from allograft, limited bone stock, and site morbidity from autograft are the major challenges to traditional bone defect treatments. With the advance of tissue engineering, hydrogel injection therapy is introduced as an alternative treatment. Therapeutic drugs and growth factors can be carried by hydrogels and delivered to patients. Abaloparatide, as an analog of human recombinant parathyroid hormone protein (PTHrp) and an alternative to teriparatide, has been considered as a drug for treating postmenopausal osteoporosis since 2017. Since only limited cases of receiving abaloparatide with polymeric scaffolds have been reported, the effects of abaloparatide on pre‐osteoblast MC3T3‐E1 are investigated in this study. It is found that in vitro abaloparatide treatment can promote pre‐osteoblast MC3T3‐E1 cells’ viability, differentiation, and mineralization significantly. For the drug delivery system, 3D porous structure of the methacrylated gelatin (GelMA) hydrogel is found effective for prolonging the release of abaloparatide (more than 10 days). Therefore, injectable photo‐crosslinked GelMA hydrogel is used in this study to prolong the release of abaloparatide and to promote healing of defected bones in rats. Overall, data collected in this study show no contradiction and imply that Abaloparatide‐loaded GelMA hydrogel is effective in stimulating bone regeneration.
Enterobacter oligotrophica sp. nov., a novel oligotroph isolated from leaf soil
Authors: Akita Hironaga , Matsushika Akinori , Kimura Zen‐ichiro 
Published: May 2019

AbstractA novel oligotrophic bacterium, designated strain CCA6, was isolated from leaf soil collected in Japan. Cells of the strain were found to be a Gram‐negative, non‐sporulating, motile, rod‐shaped bacterium. Strain CCA6 grew at 10–45°C (optimum 20°C) and pH 4.5–10.0 (optimum pH 5.0). The strain was capable of growth in poor‐nutrient (oligotrophic) medium, and growth was unaffected by high‐nutrient medium. The major fatty acid and predominant quinone system were C16:0 and ubiquinone‐8. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated strain CCA6 presented as a member of the family Enterobacteriaceae. Multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) based on fragments of the atpD, gyrB, infB, and rpoB gene sequences was performed to further identify strain CCA6. The MLSA showed clear branching of strain CCA6 with respect to Enterobacter type strains. The complete genome of strain CCA6 consisted of 4,476,585 bp with a G+C content of 54.3% and comprising 4,372 predicted coding sequences. The genome average nucleotide identity values between strain CCA6 and the closest related Enterobacter type strain were <88.02%. Based on its phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic features, strain CCA6 (=HUT 8142T =KCTC 62525T) can be considered as a novel species within the genus Enterobacter with the proposed name Enterobacter oligotrophica.
The functional ALDH2 polymorphism is associated with breast cancer risk: A pooled analysis from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium
Authors: Ugai Tomotaka , Milne Roger L. , Ito Hidemi , Aronson Kristan J. , Bolla Manjeet K. , Chan Tsun , Chan Ching W. , Choi Ji‐Yeob , Conroy Don M. , Dennis Joe , Dunning Alison M. , Easton Douglas F. , Gaborieau Valerie , Gonzalez‐Neira Anna , Hartman Mikael , Healey Catherine S. , Iwasaki Motoki , John Esther M. , Kang Daehee , Kim Sung‐Won , Kwong Ava , Lophatananon Artitaya , Michailidou Kyriaki , Taib Nur Aishah Mohd , Muir Kenneth , Park Sue K. , Pharoah Paul D. P. , Sangrajrang Suleeporn , Shen Chen‐Yang , Shu Xiao‐Ou , Spinelli John J. , Teo Soo H. , Tessier Daniel C. , Tseng Chiu‐Chen , Tsugane Shoichiro , Vincent Daniel , Wang Qin , Wu Anna H. , Wu Pei‐Ei , Zheng Wei , Matsuo Keitaro 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundEpidemiological studies consistently indicate that alcohol consumption is an independent risk factor for female breast cancer (BC). Although the aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) polymorphism (rs671: Glu>Lys) has a strong effect on acetaldehyde metabolism, the association of rs671 with BC risk and its interaction with alcohol intake have not been fully elucidated. We conducted a pooled analysis of 14 case‐control studies, with individual data on Asian ancestry women participating in the Breast Cancer Association Consortium.MethodsWe included 12,595 invasive BC cases and 12,884 controls for the analysis of rs671 and BC risk, and 2,849 invasive BC cases and 3,680 controls for the analysis of the gene‐environment interaction between rs671 and alcohol intake for BC risk. The pooled odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) associated with rs671 and its interaction with alcohol intake for BC risk were estimated using logistic regression models.ResultsThe Lys/Lys genotype of rs671 was associated with increased BC risk (OR = 1.16, 95% CI 1.03–1.30, p = 0.014). According to tumor characteristics, the Lys/Lys genotype was associated with estrogen receptor (ER)‐positive BC (OR = 1.19, 95% CI 1.05–1.36, p = 0.008), progesterone receptor (PR)‐positive BC (OR = 1.19, 95% CI 1.03–1.36, p = 0.015), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)‐negative BC (OR = 1.25, 95% CI 1.05–1.48, p = 0.012). No evidence of a gene‐environment interaction was observed between rs671 and alcohol intake (p = 0.537).ConclusionThis study suggests that the Lys/Lys genotype confers susceptibility to BC risk among women of Asian ancestry, particularly for ER‐positive, PR‐positive, and HER2‐negative tumor types.
Triplet NOAH supersequences optimised for small molecule structure characterisation
Authors: Claridge Tim D.W. , Mayzel Maksim , Kupče Ēriks 
Published: May 2019

AbstractA series of NMR supersequences are presented for the time‐efficient structure characterisation of small molecules in the solution state. These triplet sequences provide HMBC, HSQC, and one homonuclear correlation experiment of choice according to the NMR by Ordered Acquisition using 1H detection principle. The experiments are demonstrated to be compatible with non‐uniform sampling schemes and may be acquired and processed under full automation.
Vessel‐specific quantification of neonatal cerebral venous oxygenation
Authors: Jiang Dengrong , Lu Hanzhang , Parkinson Charlamaine , Su Pan , Wei Zhiliang , Pan Li , Tekes Aylin , Huisman Thierry A.G.M. , Golden W. Christopher , Liu Peiying 
Published: May 2019

PurposeNoninvasive measurement of cerebral venous oxygenation (Yv) in neonates is important in the assessment of brain oxygen extraction and consumption, and may be useful in characterizing brain development and neonatal brain diseases. This study aims to develop a rapid method for vessel‐specific measurement of Yv in neonates.MethodsWe developed a pulse sequence, named accelerated T2‐relaxation‐under‐phase‐contrast (aTRUPC), which consists of velocity‐encoding phase‐contrast module to isolate pure blood signal, flow‐insensitive T2‐preparation to quantify blood T2, and turbo‐field‐echo (TFE) scheme for rapid image acquisition, which is critical for neonatal MRI. A series of studies were conducted. First, the pulse sequence was optimized in terms of TFE factor, velocity encoding (VENC), and slice thickness for best sensitivity. Second, to account for the influence of TFE acquisition on T2 quantification, simulation and experiments were conducted to establish the relationship between TFE‐T2 and standard T2. Finally, the complete aTRUPC sequence was applied on a group of healthy neonates and normative Yv values were determined.ResultsOptimal parameters of aTRUPC in neonates were found to be a TFE factor of 15, VENC of 5 cm/s, and slice thickness of 10 mm. The TFE‐T2 was on average 3.9% lower than standard T2. These two measures were strongly correlated (R2 = 0.86); thus their difference can be accounted for by a correction equation, T2,standard = 1.2002 × T2,TFE − 10.6276. Neonatal Yv values in veins draining cortical brain and those draining central brain were 64.8 ± 2.9% and 70.2 ± 3.3%, respectively, with a significant difference (P =.02).ConclusionThe aTRUPC MRI has the potential to provide vessel‐specific quantification of cerebral Yv in neonates.
Toward “plug and play” prospective motion correction for MRI by combining observations of the time varying gradient and static vector fields
Authors: van Niekerk Adam , van der Kouwe Andre , Meintjes Ernesta 
Published: May 2019

PurposeThe efficacy of a Wireless Radio frequency triggered Acquisition Device (WRAD) is evaluated for high frequency (50 Hz) prospective motion correction in a 3‐dimensional spoiled gradient echo pulse sequence.MethodsThe device measures the rate of change in the gradient vector fields (slew) using a 3‐dimensional assembly of Printed Circuit Board (PCB) inductors and the direction of the static magnetic field using a 3‐axis Hall effect magnetometer. The slew vector encoding is highly efficient, because the Maxwell‐term position encoding is observable, allowing overconstrained pose measurement using 3 sinusoidal gradient pulses lasting 880 μs. Since small offsets in the magnetometer can introduce bias into the pose estimates, sensor/system biases are tracked using a lightweight Kalman filter. The only calibration required is determining a geometric scaling factor for the pickup coils, which is specific to the device and will therefore be valid in any scanner.ResultsThe device was used to perform prospective motion correction in 3 subjects, resulting in an increase in Average Edge Strength (AES) for involuntary and deliberate motion.ConclusionsThe WRAD is simple to set up and use, with well‐defined measurement variance. This could enable “plug and play” prospective motion correction if pulse sequence independence is achieved.
Positive‐contrast susceptibility imaging based on first‐order primal‐dual optimization
Authors: Shi Caiyun , Cheng Jing , Xie Guoxi , Su Shi , Chang Yuchou , Chen Hanwei , Liu Xin , Wang Haifeng , Liang Dong 
Published: May 2019

PurposeTo achieve faster reconstruction and better imaging quality of positive‐contrast MRI based on the susceptibility mapping by incorporating a primal‐dual (PD) formulation.MethodsThe susceptibility‐based positive contrast MR technique was applied to estimate arbitrary magnetic susceptibility distributions of the metallic devices using a kernel deconvolution algorithm with a regularized minimization. The regularized positive‐contrast inversion problem and its PD formulation were derived. The visualization of the positive contrast and convergence behavior of the PD algorithm were compared with those of the nonlinear conjugate gradient algorithm, fast iterative soft‐thresholding algorithm, and alternating direction method of multipliers. These methods were tested and validated on computer simulations and phantom experiments.ResultsThe PD approach could provide a faster reconstruction time compared with other methods. Experimental results showed that the PD algorithm could achieve comparable or even better visualization and accuracy of the metallic interventional devices in positive‐contrast imaging with different SNRs and orientations to the B0 field.ConclusionA susceptibility‐based positive‐contrast imaging technique by PD algorithm was proposed. The PD approach has more superior performance than other algorithms in terms of reconstruction time and accuracy for imaging the metallic interventional devices.
A class of stochastic hyperbolic evolution equations via weighted pseudo almost periodic coefficients and optimal controls
Authors: Yan Zuomao , Han Li 
Published: May 2019

SummaryThis paper introduces the concept of the piecewise weighted pseudo periodicity for stochastic processes. In addition, it establishes a new composition theorem for weighted pseudo almost periodic functions under the non‐Lipschitz conditions. Using this composition theorem, evolution family together with a fixed‐point theorem for condensing maps, we investigate the existence of p‐mean piecewise weighted pseudo almost periodic mild solutions and optimal mild solutions for a class of impulsive stochastic hyperbolic evolution equations in Hilbert spaces. Then, the existence conditions of optimal pairs of systems governed by the nonlinear impulsive stochastic evolution equations are presented. Finally, an example is provided to illustrate the obtained theory.
A versatile approach for the preparation of end‐functional polymers and block copolymers by stable radical exchange reactions
Authors: Goksu Yonca Alkan , Yilmaz Gorkem , Yagci Yusuf 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTA versatile strategy for the preparation of end‐functional polymers and block copolymers by radical exchange reactions is described. For this purpose, first polystyrene with 2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidine‐1‐oxyl end group (PS‐TEMPO) is prepared by nitroxide‐mediated radical polymerization (NMRP). In the subsequent step, these polymers are heated to 130 °C in the presence of independently prepared TEMPO derivatives bearing hydroxyl, azide and carboxylic acid functionalities, and polymers such as poly(ethylene glycol) (TEMPO‐PEG) and poly(ε‐caprolactone) (TEMPO‐PCL). Due to the simultaneous radical generation and reversible termination of the polymer radical, TEMPO moiety on polystyrene is replaced to form the corresponding end‐functional polymers and block copolymers. The intermediates and final polymers are characterized by 1H NMR, UV, IR, and GPC measurements. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2019, 57, 2387–2395