bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Innovation alliances for sustainable ICT - Good practices and success factors, using the example of initiatives to improve the energy efficiency of data centers
Authors: Hintemann Ralph , Hinterholzer Simon 
Published: May 2018

Digitalization is driving the increasing energy and resource needs of ICT. In Ger- many, ICT accounts for eight percent of electricity consumption. Data centers alone cur- rently consume 2.3% of the electricity in Germany, with an upwardtrend.Although the ICT sector is generally considered to be very innovative and new solu- tions are often implemented very quickly, deployment of energy- and resource-efficient innovations is frequently confronted with considerable obstacles and barriers.Innovation alliances of companies are a promising instrument of governmental sup- port for new environmental technologies in the fast-paced ICT sector. In the past ten years, several initiatives of this kind have been launched, e.g., the consortium GreenIT Amsterdam, the Innovationsallianz Rechenzentren (Innovation Alliance Data Centers) in Hesse, Germany, and the Netzwerk energieeffiziente Rechenzentren (Network Energy- Efficient Data Centers). Some of these initiatives have achieved remarkable successes.The present paper analyzes such innovation alliances using the example of energy efficiency in data centers as the field of application. Three good-practice examples from Germany are presented. The paper shows what these innovation alliances can achieve and analyzes the factors contributing to their successful implementation. It concludes with concrete recommendations for practical implementation of such initiatives.
Assessment of Investment in the Café Service Sector
Authors: Adamowicz Mieczysław , Ziółkowska Karolina 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Subject and purpose of work: The subject of the work is the issue related to making investment decisions on the Polish market of café services in Warsaw. The work contains a theoretical and an empirical part. The aim of the work is to evaluate the effectiveness of different ways of running a café in the form of creating your own brand, a network café franchise or cooperation based on an agency agreement. Materials and methods: The work was based on the problem literature, materials made available by companies offering cooperation in the cafeteria industry and reports from a research company regarding the HoReCa market. A prospective ex-ante analysis has been given the form of a business plan for a newly created coffee shop. Results: The basics of creating a new enterprise were discussed and the undertaking was characterized taking into account the location, competition, employment plan, marketing and risk assessment. A SWOT analysis and financial forecasts were prepared, taking into account capital expenditures, demand forecast, revenues, costs and margins, as well as the analysis of other financial parameters. Conclusions: Available business models offer the investor a wide range of investment options. The choice of a business model depends both on the investor’s expectations and its proneness to risk taking as well as on the location of the planned undertaking.
Territorial Marketing as a Method of Creating New Values of a Territorial Unit Based on the Example of Dobra Szczecińska Municipality in the West Pomeranian Province
Authors: Kondratowicz-Pozorska Jolanta 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Subject and purpose of work: The subject of the study is to show that the method of managing a municipality, taking into account the marketing philosophy, creates additional values for a given municipality. The purpose of the work is to show that Dobra Szczecińska Municipality, being a territorial unit, has developed a certain manner of managing and directing local resources, which, using territorial marketing, has created a unique and inimitable character of the location. Materials and methods: Scientific literature, source materials from the Municipal Office of Dobra Szczecińska as well as all statistics and studies available online were used. Literature review and analysis, as well as deductive and inductive methods were applied as research tools. Results: It has been proved that Dobra Szczecińska is a municipality with its own identity, possesses its own unique image, cares about the municipality’s product and satisfies the needs of its residents and entrepreneurs. Conclusions: The municipality was justifiably ranked 23rd in the 2016 Ranking, because the local authorities make every effort to ensure that the residents and entrepreneurs believe that they live and operate in the best place in West Pomeranian Province. The analysis of the collected material confirmed that Dobra Szczecińska municipality is rightly called a good one because it develops in accordance with the principles of sustainable development.
Partial migration by large ungulates: characteristics of seasonal mooseAlces alcesranges in northern Sweden
Authors: Ball John P. , Nordengren Caroline , Wallin Kjell 
Published: May 2018

We studied seasonal migration of individually radio‐collared mooseAlces alcesin a partially migrant population in northern Sweden. First, to investigate habitat selection at the level of individuals, we examined use vs availability of habitat characteristics within seasonal ranges. Second, to investigate what habitat characteristics migrants use to select these seasonal ranges, we contrasted the characteristics of summer and winter ranges of individual migrants. Third, to investigate why some moose migrate whereas others do not, we contrasted the snow conditions and the composition of the vegetation in the seasonal ranges of 36 migrant and 30 resident moose. At the level of habitat selection within a range, moose selected areas which had less mire, clear‐cut and field habitats, as well as less snow. At the level of the entire range, migrants and residents had rather similar range compositions and differed only in migrants having less field habitats in their winter ranges; the proportion of Scots pinePinus sylvestrisstands, Norway sprucePicea abiesstands, mire, deciduous, and clear‐cut forest habitats did not differ, nor was there a difference in snow depth. Similarly, within the group of migrants, we detected no differences in habitat composition or snow depth between the summer ranges they just left, and the winter ranges they moved to. Snow quality (as indexed by the depths to which moose sank) did not differ between the two seasonal ranges of migrants, but calves sank less deeply in ranges of migrants than in ranges of residents, suggesting that snow quality may play a role in the selection of ranges by moose or their decision to migrate/remain resident. Thus, habitat composition and snow depth were important at lower levels of habitat selection, but differences among home ranges were not dramatic. The observation that snow quality differed significantly between ranges of residents and migrants suggests that future studies of migration might profitably investigate snow quality.
Snow cover and snow gooseAnser caerulescens caerulescensdistribution during spring migration
Authors: Hupp Jerry W. , Zacheis Amy B. , Anthony R. Michael , Robertson Donna G. , Erickson Wallace P. , Palacios Kelly C. 
Published: May 2018

Arctic geese often use spring migration stopover areas when feeding habitats are partially snow covered. Melting of snow during the stopover period causes spatial and temporal variability in distribution and abundance of feeding habitat. We recorded changes in snow cover and lesser snow gooseAnser caerulescens caerulescensdistribution on a spring migration stopover area in south‐central Alaska during aerial surveys in 1993–1994. Our objectives were to determine whether geese selected among areas with different amounts of snow cover and to assess how temporal changes in snow cover affected goose distribution. We also measured temporal changes in chemical composition of forage species after snow melt. We divided an Arc/Info coverage of the approximately 210 km2coastal stopover area into 2‐km2cells, and measured snow cover and snow goose use of cells. Cells that had 10–49.9% snow cover were selected by snow geese, whereas cells that lacked snow cover were avoided. In both years, snow cover diminished along the coast between mid‐April and early May. Flock distribution changed as snow geese abandoned snow‐free areas in favour of cells where snow patches were interspersed with bare ground. Snow‐free areas may have been less attractive to geese because available forage had been quickly exploited as bare ground was exposed, and because soils became drier making extraction of underground forage more difficult. Fiber content of two forage species increased whereas non‐structural carbohydrate concentrations of forage plants appeared to diminish after snow melt, but changes in nutrient concentrations likely occurred too slowly to account for abandonment of snow‐free areas by snow geese.
Parturition dates for Eurasian beaver Castor fiber: when should spring hunting cease?
Authors: Parker Howard , Rosell Frank 
Published: May 2018

Hunting Eurasian beaver Castor fiber with firearms during late spring is the dominating harvest form in Norway but may violate the Norwegian wildlife management principle of not hunting during the breeding season. In particular, shooting mothers from newborn young would be considered cruel. As beaver cannot be sexed or effectively aged under spring hunting conditions, selective harvesting at this time is impossible. We examined 32 pregnant beaver shot between 27 March and 12 May 1997–1999 in southeast Norway. No post‐parturition females were shot, despite a 15‐day extension of the normal hunting season to 15 May. A regression model predicted a mean birth date for the population of 13 May, with most births between 7 and 18 May and few before 30 April. Post‐parturition females were not shot primarily because most births occur after hunting has ceased. Additionally, reduced activity of mothers outside the lodge may limit exposure to hunters. Terminating hunting a month earlier would eliminate the shooting of pregnant females with well‐developed foetuses. However, as few watersheds in Norway are ice‐free before mid‐April, and most beaver are presently bagged in late April, this would likely result in a major reduction in beaver harvests and an increase in damage complaints.
Sex, age, condition and tooth wear of harvested caribou Rangifer tarandus groenlandicus in west Greenland, 1995–1998
Authors: Loison Anne , Cuyler L. Christine , Linnell John D.C. , Landa Arild 
Published: May 2018

Managing ungulate populations in a sustainable way requires monitoring plans to provide useful information about population status and trend. Our aim is to evaluate the use of hunters to collect information about the status of caribou Rangifer tarandus groenlandicus in Greenland. Caribou have been harvested under a quota system since 1995 in four regions of west Greenland. In each year, hunters were asked to return information on the sex, approximate age and body condition of animals harvested, and lower jawbones were collected from animals shot in 1995. The harvest is strongly sex‐biased (90:10) towards males. Jawbone length did not vary among regions. Age‐specific tooth wear was, however, most pronounced in the northern region (Sisimiut‐Kangerlussuaq), probably due to the nature of the substrate in the area. The condition of animals, based on a rump‐fat index, appears to be good over all west Greenland, with some slight but consistent differences between regions. We conclude that information provided by hunters will be useful in monitoring the caribou populations, but validation of their information is required.
Diving behaviour of long‐finned pilot whales Globicephala melas around the Faroe Islands
Authors: Heide‐Jørgensen Mads Peter , Bloch Dorete , Stefansson Eydfinn , Mikkelsen Bjarni , Helen Ofstad Lise , Dietz Rune 
Published: May 2018

Three long‐finned pilot whales Globicephala melas were equipped with satellite‐linked time‐depth recorders on the Faroe Islands on 15 July 2000. The purpose was to study the diving behaviour and habitat use of free‐ranging pilot whales in the northeast Atlantic. Summarised data on the diving behaviour of the whales were collected for up to 129 6‐hour periods. The maximum depth of dives was 828 m and the mean number of dives below 12 m was 12.2/hour (SD = 8.2). On average, the whales spent 60% of their time above 7 m depth. All three whales had significantly longer surface times when they were outside the continental shelf than when they were on the shelf. The mean vertical speeds ranged from 0.9 m/second for dives to 150 m to 2.3 m/second for dives to 600 m. No dives below 12 m lasted longer than 18 minutes, and more than 60% of dives lasted less than three minutes. The mean number of dives that lasted less than one minute was significantly higher in offshore areas than on the continental slope for all three whales. Compared to other odontocetes of similar size, long‐finned pilot whales apparendy either have a lower dive capacity or utilise a niche in the water column that requires less diving activity.
Habitat selection by Eurasian pine martensMartes martesin managed forests of southern boreal Scandinavia
Authors: Brainerd Scott M. , Rolstad Jørund 
Published: May 2018

Using radio telemetry, we examined within home range habitat selection by the Eurasian pine martenMartes martes(11 males and eight females; 1,495 locations) in managed forest in two study areas, the Varaldskogen Wildlife Research Area, Norway, and the Grimso Wildlife Research Area, Sweden, near the southern limit of the boreal forest zone. Pine martens preferred spruce‐dominated forest with large (≥20 m tall) trees and avoided clearcuts and open habitats. Males and females used similar habitats and habitat use was little influenced by year, season and activity mode (active vs inactive). When habitat types were ranked in order of use, stands dominated by large spruce trees were preferentially selected over the lowest‐ranked habitats, i.e. pine‐dominated stands with trees <20 m tall, clearcuts, open areas and deciduous stands, but were used similar to other spruce‐dominated categories and pine‐dominated stands ≥20 m tall. Although pine martens exhibited selection and avoidance of certain habitat types, they were able to exploit a wide range of successional stages in forests with a long history of exploitation.
Effects of mate removal on the fecundity of common eider Somateria mollissima females
Authors: Hario Martti , Hollmén Tuula E. , Morelli Toni Lyn , Scribner Kim T. 
Published: May 2018

Behavioural observations, measurements of male and female reproductive success, and DNA microsatellite loci were used to investigate parentage of common eider Somateria mollissima clutches and productivity of widowed females in Finland. In an experimental study simulating spring harvest of male eiders, a total of 20 males were shot while attending 16 females (four males after rematings, 16 initial males) during the pre‐laying and laying period in 1994. Of the 16 widowed females, 11 nested and five did not. Mean clutch size of breeding widows (4.55) did not differ from that of control females in the same year (4.47; N = 32). However, the hatching success of widows was significantiy lower than that of control females (53 vs 81%) because of a greater proportion of addled eggs and dead embryos (38% vs 11%). Male removal also appeared to change male and female behaviours resulting in higher incidence of intra‐specific brood parasitism and mate replacement. Occurrence of foreign eggs averaged 9.5% during the treatment year but was not observed during a year without disturbance during mating and egg laying (1997). Behaviours of widowed females related to remating attempts varied from active seeking of new mates to total rejection of courting males. Rematings did not lead to full clutch fertilisation among widowed females. Neither did we observe evidence of immigration of new males into the hunting area to court the widows. Male removal clearly lowered the fecundity of eider females, reducing nesting success by 35% of long‐term averages. The potential for remating appears to be reduced by the female‐biased sex ratio caused by simulated male‐only harvest.
Estimating marten Martes americana population size using hair capture and genetic tagging
Authors: Mowat Garth , Paetkau David 
Published: May 2018

We tested non‐invasive genetic methods for estimating the abundance of marten Martes americana using baited glue‐patch traps to pull hair samples from individual animals. We divided our 800–km2 study area into 3 × 3 km cells and put one hair trap in each cell. We trapped 309 sites for an average of 15 days each between 15 January and 14 March 1997. Based on tracks in snow and hair morphology, we captured hair from marten, red squirrels Tamiasciurus hudsonicus, flying squirrels Glaucomys sabrinus, short or long‐tailed weasels Mustela erminea and M.frenata, and several unidentified mouse and vole species. Of 309 sites, 58% collected a marten hair sample while 8% of sites removed weasel hair. When roots were embedded in adhesive, a xylene wash was used to remove them before extracting DNA. All marten samples were genotyped at six microsatellite loci to identify individuals. Xylene‐washed samples yielded similar genotyping success to samples that had never been exposed to xylene, and genotyping success increased with the number of hairs in the sample. Genetic data allowed 139 samples to be assigned to 88 individual marten, constituting 124 capture events during the four trapping sessions. The population estimate for our study area was 213 (95% Cl: 148–348) and the average capture probability was 0.15. The density of marten in our study area was 0.33/km2 when inhospitable habitat was removed from the calculation. We believe hair sampling and genetic analysis could be used to measure population distribution, trend and size for marten, and perhaps also for other carnivores.
ANALISIS PERSEPSI, SIKAP DAN PERILAKU KONSUMEN TERHADAP PANCAKE DURIAN (STUDI KASUS : PANCAKE DURIAN PRODUKSI CELEBRITY PANCAKE)
Authors: Marbun Desyanti , Priyono Basuki Sigit , Suryanty Melli 
Published: May 2018

The research was aimed to analyze the perception, attitude and behavior of consumer durian pancakes production Celebrity Pancake. Research method: study area is defined as purposive on the street S.Parman in the city of Bengkulu. Consumer respondents were taken by used accidental sampling. Intended for consumers who purchase the products of durian pancake at Celebrity Pancake. Methods of data analysis used Likert scale, analysis of descriptive, and Fishbein. The result showed, consumer perceptions to attribute durian pancakes had been different result, that is attribute taste, flavour, color, and sachet appear are in good category, while the price is at category less well, The consumer attitudes to durian pancakes which indicated trend to a positive attitude. The consumer behaviour to durian pancakes product indicated behaviors liking. Consumer considers all the important attributes of the durian pancakes product. Keywords: Perception, Attitude, behaviours, Consumer
DESKRIPSI POLA SALURAN TATANIAGA PALA (Myristica fraggan haitt) DI KENAGARIAN TANJUNG SANI KECAMATAN TANJUNG RAYA KABUPATEN AGAM
Authors: Analia Devi , Fairuzi Syofyan , Tanjung Faidil , Pimura Ramita Sari 
Published: May 2018

The research purpose is to describe nutmeg’s marketing channel pattern and to identity of marketing instutional function that involves in marketing channel. This research was conducted in Juli – Augustus 2015. Location was chosen purposively with a reason that this district has the largest production in West Sumatra. The research method used is survey and descriptive analysis. The survey is doing by following marketing channel pattern that happen and observation activity that doing by farmer as producers to middlemen or finar consumers. The result shows that there are 2 patter of marketing channel in location. First pattern marketing channel : farmers – man in village. Second patter marketing channel : farmers – whole saler. Their activity according to marketing function consist of exhange function(selling and buying), phisic function (transportation, saving, sortation) and fasility (finance, market information, risk management). As important comodity that have contribute to gaverment, this comodity need goverment support to increase selling value and production. By the support it will imcrease farmers revenue. Keyword : nutmeg, markleting channel, whole seller, man invillage and marketingfunction
ANALISIS KESESUAIAN DAN DAYA DUKUNG EKOWISATA PANTAI KATEGORI REKREASI PANTAI LAGUNA DESA MERPAS KABUPATEN KAUR
Authors: Yulisa Eka Noerma , Johan Yar , Hartono Dede 
Published: May 2018

Pantai Laguna terletak di Desa Merpas, Kecamatan Nasal, Kabupaten Kaur. Pantai ini merupakan pantai yang memiliki daya tarik berupa pantai karang berpasir putih yang landai dengan pemandangan bawah laut yang indah. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Desa Merpas Kabupaten Kaur, pada bulan Desember 2015 sampai Januari 2016 dan bertujuan untuk Mengidentifikasi potensi Kawasan Ekowisata Pantai Laguna, Mengetahui kesesuaian Ekowisata Pantai Laguna sebagai Ekowisata Pantai, Menghitung daya dukung Ekowisata Pantai Laguna untuk menjadi kawasan Ekowisata Pantai. Metode yang digunakan yaitu data primer pengambilan data analisis kualitas air, metode penentuan kesesuaian kawasan berdasarkan perkalian skor dan bobot yang diperoleh dari setiap paremeter, kedalaman, tipe pantai, lebar pantai, kecerahan, kecepatan arus, material dasar perairan, pengamatan biota berbahaya, dan ketersediaan air tawar. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian di lapangan Potensi ekowisata pantai di Pantai Laguna ada dua kategori yaitu 1) ekowisata kategori rekreasi untuk indeks kesesuaian kawasan kategori ekowisata rekreasi yaitu 90,6% S1 (sangat sesuai). Daya dukung kawasan kategori ekowisata rekreasi 224 (Orang/hari).
KOMPOSISI HASIL TANGKAPAN SAMPINGAN (BYCATCH) PERIKANAN PUKAT UDANG SKALA KECIL DI PERAIRAN LAUT PASAR BANTAL KABUPATEN MUKOMUKO
Authors: Rainaldi Bambang , Zamdial Zamdial , Hartono Dede 
Published: May 2018

Pukat udang adalah alat tangkap yang dioperasikan secara aktif dengan cara ditarik oleh perahu. Hasil tangkapan sampingan adalah bagian dari hasil tangkapan yang terdiri dari organisme laut yang bukan merupakan target penangkapan utama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis komposisi hasil tangkapan sampingan (bycatch) alat tangkap pukat udang skala kecil di perairan laut Pasar Bantal Kabupaten Mukomuko. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Juli sampai dengan bulan September 2016 di Desa Pasar Bantal Kecamatan Teramang Jaya Kabupaten Mukomuko. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode survei. Untuk kepentingan pengumpulan data primer maka dilakukan observasi langsung ke lapangan mengikuti operasi penangkapan bersama nelayan dengan menggunakan alat tangkap pukat udang. Berdasarkan hasil tangkapan selama penelitian dengan 6 kali hauling yaitu jumlah hasil tangkapan utama sebanyak 4 spesies udang dengan berat total 35,91 kg (27,15%) yang didominasi oleh udang kerosok (Parapenaeopsis sculptilis) 13,74 kg. Jumlah hasil tangkapan sampingan yang bernilai ekonomis tinggi sebanyak 6 spesies dengan berat total 44,01 kg (33,28%) didominasi oleh layur (Trichiurus savala) sebesar 15,81 kg. Sedangkan untuk jumlah hasil tangkapan sampingan yang bernilai ekonomis rendah terdapat sebanyak 18 spesies dengan berat total 52,3 kg (39,55%) didominasi oleh senangin (Eleutheronema tetradactyum) 9,16 kg.