bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Different Sources Support on Adaptation in Families of Patient With Moderate-to-Severe Dementia in China
Authors: Wang Qingyan , Sheng Yu , Wu Fan , Zhang Yuyun , Xu Xiaohua 
Published: May 2019

Purpose: To examine the support from different sources of Chinese families of patients with moderate-to-severe dementia that most heavily influences the family adaptation and the influence pathway. Method: Two hundred and three families participated in this study. Chinese versions of instruments were used. Structural equation modeling was applied to confirm the effect pathway. Results: More family support, kin support, community support, and social support (narrow sense) were related to greater levels of family adaptation. Family support was the most heavy influence factor (total effect = 0.374), followed by kin support (0.334), social support (0.137), and community support (0.121). Family support and kin support were direct influence factors, while the other 2 were not. Conclusion: All support will promote family adaptation, especially family support and kin support. Interventions improving support from different sources, especially family support and kin support, will promote adaptation in Chinese families of patients with moderate-to-severe dementia.
Moderate-to-Vigorous-Intensity Physical Activity Observed in People With Diabetes-Related Foot Ulcers Over a One-Week Period
Authors: Lee Maggie , van Netten Jaap J. , Sheahan Helen , Lazzarini Peter A. 
Published: May 2019

Background: Regular moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity results in health benefits in people with diabetes. No study has observed the moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity typically performed by people with diabetes-related foot ulcers (DFU) in their everyday free-living environments. We observed the bouts, and accumulated time, spent doing moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity in cases with DFU compared with diabetes-related peripheral neuropathy (DPN) and diabetes (DM) controls over a one-week period. Methods: This was a secondary analysis of a cross-sectional case-control study. Participants wore a multisensor device for >5 days (>22 hours per day). Primary outcomes included the number, duration (minutes) and intensity (metabolic equivalent tasks [METs]) of bouts of moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity (defined as at least >3 METs for >10 consecutive minutes). Secondary outcomes included the total accumulated times spent doing moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity (>3 METs) and doing sedentary-intensity activity (<1.5 METs). DFU subgroups with minor amputations and nonremovable offloading devices were also analyzed. Results: Overall, 15 DM, 23 DPN, and 27 DFU participants were included. All groups recorded similar low median daily numbers (0.33, 0.29, 0.25 numbers, respectively), duration (15, 17, 14 minutes), and intensity of daily bouts of moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity (4.1, 4.3, 3.9 METs) (all, P > .1). Median accumulated daily time spent doing moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity was also similar (40, 37, 36 minutes; P > .8). Those with DFU had more mean accumulated daily time spent doing sedentary-intensity activity (796 minutes) compared to DPN (720 minutes; P < .05), but not compared to DM (728 minutes; P < .08). DFU subgroups with minor amputations had more median accumulated daily time spent doing moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity (66, 28 minutes; P < .05) and less mean time doing sedentary-intensity activity (745, 837; P < .05) than those without amputations. Conclusions: People with DFU performed similar low numbers of daily bouts of moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity to controls, but spend more time doing sedentary-intensity activities. Interventions that gradually increase the moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity in people with DFU should be investigated.
Laparoscopic resection of bilateral perinephric pseudocyst in a pediatric feline patient
Authors: Placer Margaret Amparo , McManis Cindy 
Published: May 2019

Case summary A 6-month-old male domestic shorthair cat presenting with abdominal distension and an acute history of renal azotemia was diagnosed with bilateral perinephric pseudocysts and International Renal Interest Society (IRIS) grade 3 acute kidney injury. Ultrasound-guided drainage of the cysts was performed initially; bilateral subtotal resection of the perinephric pseudocysts was later performed using laparoscopy as a more long-term solution. There was no regrowth or reformation of the perinephric pseudocysts 1 year after the procedure, and the cat remained in IRIS stage 2 chronic kidney disease 1 year postoperatively. Relevance and novel information Compared with traditional surgical approaches, laparoscopic resection of perinephric pseudocysts provides a less invasive approach. Bilateral perinephric pseudocyst in a pediatric feline patient (and associated treatment) has not previously been documented in the literature.
Congenital Cytomegalovirus and Hearing Loss: A Pilot Cross‐Sectional Survey of Otologists’ and Pediatric Otolaryngologists’ Knowledge
Authors: Dedhia Kavita , Tomlinson Jennifer , Murray Nancy , Park Albert 
Published: May 2019

ObjectiveTo evaluate pediatric otolaryngologists, neurotologists, and otologists on awareness and knowledge of congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV).Study DesignPilot cross‐sectional online survey.SettingOtolaryngology practices.Subjects and MethodsAn electronic multiple‐choice questionnaire was sent email listserv to physician members of the American Society of Pediatric Otolaryngology and American Otological Society. The survey assessed demographics, physician awareness, and practice patterns. Data were collected and analyzed.ResultsSeventy (14.5%) pediatric otolaryngologists and otologists responded. All responded that they are familiar with cCMV. Most were familiar with symptoms associated with cCMV with the exception of petechia/purpura. Less than 50% knew the incidence/natural history of cCMV‐induced hearing loss. Only 63% knew that saliva or urine polymerase chain reaction/culture should be performed prior to 3 weeks of age. Less than half knew the indications for dry blood spot testing, and many incorrectly recommended serologic saliva or urine testing in a child >3 weeks old. Most respondents do not offer any diagnostic testing for cCMV or referral for antiviral therapy for those who may benefit from this treatment. Most either did not know the cCMV screening policy or did not have one at their institution.ConclusionDespite a relatively low overall response rate, this study suggests several knowledge gaps and underutilization of cCMV testing by physicians who frequently encounter pediatric hearing loss. The findings from this pilot study demonstrate the need for further educational directives focused on cCMV to improve knowledge and incorporation of cCMV best practices.
Marijuana use in U.S. teen drivers: a comparison of a road-side survey of reported use and fluid tests for tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)
Authors: Pressley Joyce C. , Arora Arushi , Sarmah Raina 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Background
Although the growth of state-level legalization of marijuana is aimed at increasing availability for adults and the chronically ill, one fear is that this trend may also increase accessibility in younger populations. The objectives of this study are to evaluate marijuana use in teen driver study participants and to compare their survey self-reported use with oral fluid and blood tests for psychoactive metabolites of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC).

Methods
The National Roadside Survey (NRS) of 2013–2014 was used to examine marijuana use in drivers aged 16–19 years. Of 11,100 drivers surveyed at 300 U.S. locations in 24 states, 718 were 16–19 years, and 666 (92.8%) provided oral fluid and/or blood. We examined weighted and unweighted data, but present unweighted findings. Kappa statistics, Chi square, and multivariable logistic regressions were used to assess agreement, associations and independent predictors of outcomes.

Results
More than one-quarter (203/718) of teen drivers reported either using marijuana in the last year or were THC positive. Overall incidence of a THC positive fluid test was 13.7%. In addition to 175 (27.3%) teen drivers who reported use in the last year, 28 (4.4%) who denied using in the past year, tested positive for THC. Of 45 teen drivers reporting use in the last 24 h, more than two-thirds (71.1%) were THC positive. Disagreement between the oral and blood test for 305 teen drivers who had both tests was 17 (5.6%), with a Kappa of 0.78 (95% CI 0.69–0.88). Of THC-positive drivers, nearly 20% started drinking alcohol by age 14 and more than 70% by age 16. Age, gender- and income-adjusted independent predictors of a positive THC test included survey completion during the school year (OR 3.2, 95% CI 1.6–6.2), survey-reported marijuana use in last year (OR 5.3, 95% CI 3.0–9.2), current smoker (OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.1–3.7), and alcohol consumption before age 16 (OR 2.3, 95% CI 1.1–3.7).

Conclusions
Although specific THC thresholds for safe driving have not been established, taken in the context of teen crash statistics, THC documented impairments and rapidly relaxing marijuana laws, these findings suggest the need for increased vigilance and stepped-up surveillance in teen drivers.
More is not always better—non-linear effects in crowdfunding
Authors: Niemand Thomas , Kraus Sascha , Angerer Martin , Thies Ferdinand , Mas-Tur Alicia 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
This research focuses on crowdfunding project features and its relation with the success of this project. The main purpose is to improve probability of success of crowdfunding projects. One can argue that “more is always better” resulting in attempts of daily updates. Contrarily, backers may be weary of numerous updates to work through, indicating a possible wear-out effect, implying the existence of an optimal level of updates. Our preliminary results show that previous research, built upon linear modeling, widely ignores important aspects of the relationship between key variables. We therefore picked six key variables that were previously marked as success drivers in crowdfunding and found most remarkably that none of the six variables clearly follows a linear pattern. These findings call for further investigation of the non-linear patterns within crowdfunding research.
Disorganization of spleen compartments and dermatitis in canine visceral leishmaniasis
Authors: Santana Claudia C. , de Freitas Luiz A. R. , Oliveira Geraldo G. S. , dos-Santos Washington L. C. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractCanine visceral leishmaniasis is associated with splenic changes that may interfere with the surveillance of blood borne antigens. Dogs with terminal visceral leishmaniasis present with a variety of skin lesions that may reflect a failure of the immune system to cope with infection. In this study, we compare the frequency of dermatitis in dogs from an endemic area of visceral leishmaniasis and take account of the following parameters: presence/absence of laboratory markers of infection and susceptibility to visceral leishmaniasis, and presence/absence of splenic structural changes associated with severe forms of the disease. Dermatitis was present in 48 of 64 (75%) of the animals. Dermatitis was more frequent in animals with positive splenic culture and negative leishmanin skin test (14/15, 93%) than in non-infected controls (P = 0.01). Diffuse dermatitis was present only in animals with evidence of Leishmania infection. Diffuse dermatitis was also more frequent in animals with positive (9/27, 33%) as opposed to negative (3/34, 9%) serology against Leishmania (P = 0.01). Presence of dermatitis correlated with both perisplenitis (P = 0.03) and with an increase in plasma cell density in the splenic tissue (P = 0.02). Diffuse dermatitis also correlated with splenic lymphoid tissue disorganization (P = 0.03) and germinal center atrophy (P < 0.01). The relationship between chronic dermatitis and spleen disorganization suggests an impairment of immune response to deal with skin aggressions in dogs with severe forms of visceral leishmaniasis. It also suggest that skin biopsy can be used in a model to define severity of canine visceral leishmaniasis.
Lgr5+ stem and progenitor cells reside at the apex of a heterogeneous embryonic hepatoblast pool
Authors: Prior Nicole , Hindley Christopher J. , Rost Fabian , Meléndez Elena , Lau Winnie W. Y. , Göttgens Berthold , Rulands Steffen , Simons Benjamin D. , Huch Meritxell 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACT
During mouse embryogenesis, progenitors within the liver known as hepatoblasts give rise to adult hepatocytes and cholangiocytes. Hepatoblasts, which are specified at E8.5-E9.0, have been regarded as a homogeneous progenitor population that initiate differentiation from E13.5. Recently, scRNA-seq analysis has identified sub-populations of transcriptionally distinct hepatoblasts at E11.5. Here, we show that hepatoblasts are not only transcriptionally but also functionally heterogeneous, and that a subpopulation of E9.5-E10.0 hepatoblasts exhibit a previously unidentified early commitment to cholangiocyte fate. Importantly, we also identify a subpopulation constituting 2% of E9.5-E10.0 hepatoblasts that express the adult stem cell marker Lgr5, and generate both hepatocyte and cholangiocyte progeny that persist for the lifespan of the mouse. Combining lineage tracing and scRNA-seq, we show that Lgr5 marks E9.5-E10.0 bipotent liver progenitors residing at the apex of a hepatoblast hierarchy. Furthermore, isolated Lgr5+ hepatoblasts can be clonally expanded in vitro into embryonic liver organoids, which can commit to either hepatocyte or cholangiocyte fates. Our study demonstrates functional heterogeneity within E9.5 hepatoblasts and identifies Lgr5 as a marker for a subpopulation of bipotent liver progenitors.
Case Report: Pancytopenia as an indicator for lysosomal storage disease (Gaucher's Disease)
Authors: Ortega-Rosales Alberto , Burneo-Rosales Carlos , Romero-Ulloa Gilda , Burneo-Rosales Gabriela 
Published: May 2019

Introduction: Lysosomal storage disorders are a rare group of diseases with genetic origin in which Gaucher Disease (GD) stands out as the most frequent. GD type 1 is the most common form of this condition, and patients with this pathology present with unexplained cytopenias, in addition to hepatosplenomegaly, bone involvement, and in other cases neurological disorders. A case of a patient is presented, whose results showed thrombocytopenia and leukopenia in addition to hepatosplenomegaly. In Latin America, there are very few reported cases of this clinical entity, and information on this disease is very limited. Case: We present a case of a patient diagnosed with GD, who presented with thrombocytopenia and leukopenia in addition to hepatosplenomegaly, with the aim of emphasizing the importance of early recognition of this pathology, especially in patients with unexplained cytopenia’s or hepatosplenomegaly’s. In suspicion of GD, enzymatic quantification of β-glucocerebrosidase was performed, showing its deficit in addition to alteration in the GBA gene. Unfortunately, enzymatic replacement could not be done because the Cerazyme (imiglucerase for injection) is not available in Ecuador. Nevertheless, the patient was treated with analgesic (1g of paracetamol generally three times a day) and vitamin supplements (Dayamineral). Currently the patient is waiting for transfer to a foreign institution; she continues with bicytopenia and hepatosplenomegaly, her conditions are expected to be remit once the enzymatic treatment has been administered. Conclusion: We believe that the timely recognition of this disease will allow the initiation of enzymatic replacement therapy in an effective manner, in order to reduce morbidity and improve the clinical aspects of the patient.
Implementing a community vector collection strategy for monitoring vector-borne diseases in Ghana
Authors: Boakye Daniel A. , Frempong Kwadwo K. , Ogoussan Kisito T. , Otoo Samson , Rebollo Polo Maria , Dadzie Samuel K. , de Souza Dziedzom  K. 
Published: May 2019

Background: Monitoring vector-borne diseases requires sampling of very large numbers of disease vectors in order to corroborate infections in the human population. This can be challenging, as current vector collection tools are either inefficient, or expensive to implement from a public health perspective. To circumvent this challenge, this study compared a community vector collection strategy using a double-netted mosquito collection method (a tent trap (TT)) to the traditional human landing collection (HLC) method in three communities in lymphatic filariasis-endemic districts in Ghana. Methods: Following community entry and sensitization, community volunteers appointed by the community leaders were trained in the mosquito collection and storage methods and provided with supplies for mosquito collection over a 7-month period. They were visited occasionally by the study team to retrieve the mosquito samples for identification. The collectors were also assessed to evaluate their perspectives on using community vector collectors for monitoring vector-borne diseases. Results: The results of the study indicated that the TT method collected significantly more mosquitoes (63%) over the collection period than HLC (37%). Thus, the TTs were observed to be performing relatively better than the HLC (P<0.001). The collectors knew the importance of mosquitoes in transmitting diseases, could identify the main diseases that were locally transmitted within their communities. They appreciated the involvement of the community in the collection as this enhanced community ownership of the programme as well as providing some financial incentives to those directly involved in the collection. Conclusions: The study revealed that use of community volunteers for the collection of mosquitoes for xenomonitoring purposes can be a viable strategy in the monitoring of vector-borne diseases. However, further development of the strategies and assessments of the costs involved will be required to make this a sustainable approach to monitoring vector-borne disease interventions and enhance community ownership of the programmes.
Thoracic proportions in children without scoliosis
Authors: Kennedy J , Hoffman T. , Unasa H. , Frampton C. , Howard A. , Kiely P. J. , Crawford H. 
Published: May 2019

Purpose Scoliosis is a condition of abnormal growth resulting in 3D deformity of both the spine and thoracic cage. The aim of this study is to use chest radiographs of healthy children to define normal thoracic proportions so as to provide a useful normal reference range against which children with spinal deformity can be compared. Methods Three independent reviewers assessed posteroanterior and lateral chest radiographs of 184 normal children aged between two and 15 years. Duplicate assessments were undertaken by all three raters on 36 of these radiographs. We measured the T1 to T12 length, sternal length, chest depth at T6, chest width at T3, chest width at T6 and maximum chest width. Ratios of thoracic dimensions were calculated to define the normal proportions of the thorax. Inter- and intra-rater variance was estimated for all dimensions and dimension ratios. Results The intra-rater and inter-rater reliability was excellent with intra-class-correlation coefficients values > 80% and both intra- and inter-rater coefficients of variance < 9% for all parameters. All measured dimensions of the thorax and spine progressed linearly with respect to age. The mean proportions of T1 to 12 length of the sternal length, chest depth at T6, chest width at T3, chest width at T6 and maximum chest width were 0.5, 0.4, 0.7, 0.9 and 1.0, respectively. Conclusion It is possible to accurately and reproducibly measure the dimensions of the thoracic cage and spine on plain film radiology. The ratios of T1 to T12 length with respect to sternal length, chest depth at T6, chest width at T3, chest width at T6 and maximum chest remain constant with increasing age. Thoracic dimensions in children progress linearly with increasing age. Level of Evidence V
Does lateral lift-off occur in static and dynamic activity in a medially spherical total knee arthroplasty? A pulsed-fluoroscopic investigation
Authors: Key S. , Scott G. , Stammers J. G. , Freeman M. A. R. , Pinskerova V. , Field R. E. , Skinner J. , Banks S. A. 
Published: May 2019

ObjectivesThe medially spherical GMK Sphere (Medacta International AG, Castel San Pietro, Switzerland) total knee arthroplasty (TKA) was previously shown to accommodate lateral rollback while pivoting around a stable medial compartment, aiming to replicate native knee kinematics in which some coronal laxity, especially laterally, is also present. We assess coronal plane kinematics of the GMK Sphere and explore the occurrence and pattern of articular separation during static and dynamic activities.MethodsUsing pulsed fluoroscopy and image matching, the coronal kinematics and articular surface separation of 16 well-functioning TKAs were studied during weight-bearing and non-weight-bearing, static, and dynamic activities. The closest distances between the modelled articular surfaces were examined with respect to knee position, and proportions of joint poses exhibiting separation were computed.ResultsOverall, 1717 joint poses were analyzed. At a 1.0 mm detection threshold, 37 instances of surface separation were observed in the lateral compartment and four medially (p < 0.001). Separation was activity-dependent, both laterally and medially (p < 0.001), occurring more commonly during static deep flexion in the lateral compartment, and during static rotation in the medial compartment. Lateral separation occurred more frequently than medial during kneeling (7/14 lateral vs 1/14 medial; p = 0.031) and stepping (20/1022 lateral vs 0/1022 medial; p < 0.001). Separation varied significantly between individuals during dynamic activities.ConclusionNo consistent association between closest distances of the articular surfaces and knee position was found during any activity. Lift-off was infrequent and depended on the activity performed and the individual knee. Lateral separation was consistent with the design rationale. Medial lift-off was rare and mostly in non-weight-bearing activities. Cite this article: S. Key, G. Scott, J. G. Stammers, M. A. R. Freeman†, V. Pinskerova, R. E. Field, J. Skinner, S. A. Banks. Does lateral lift-off occur in static and dynamic activity in a medially spherical total knee arthroplasty? A pulsed-fluoroscopic investigation. Bone Joint Res 2019;8:207–215. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.85.BJR-2018-0237.R1.