bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The efficacy and safety of radiofrequency ablation for allergic rhinitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Xi , Yan Min , Deng Qicheng , Yang Ling 
Published: December 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis systematic review aims to synthesise findings from randomised, controlled trials and assess the efficacy and safety of radiofrequency ablation in treating allergic rhinitis.MethodsA thorough search was conducted across PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang, Chinese Scientific Journal, and Chinese Biomedical Literature databases from their inception until October 2023. The primary outcome measure was the total effective rate, with secondary outcomes including adverse events.ResultsThis review included 15 randomised, controlled trials involving 1430 patients. The pooled analysis revealed a statistically significant effect on the total effective rate (odds ratio = 3.27, 95 per cent confidence interval = 2.37 to ~4.51). However, no statistical significance was observed in adverse events (odds ratio = 1.18, 95 per cent confidence interval = 0.67 to ~2.08).ConclusionsBased on the analytical results, radiofrequency ablation emerges as an efficacious and safe treatment modality for allergic rhinitis. Given the constraints posed by a limited sample size, it is imperative that forthcoming clinical trials adhere rigorously to the gold standard of randomised, controlled trials for the purpose of corroborating these conclusions.
A novel kinematic modeling method for (1+n) type parallel mechanism: applied to obtain the position and posture space simultaneously
Authors: He Yufan , Fang Hairong , Jin Zhengxian , Zhang Chong 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn this study, a novel kinematic modeling method of parallel mechanism is proposed. It can obtain position and posture space simultaneously in a single model. Compared with the traditional method only based on inverse kinematics, the novel method can significantly improve computational performance. The original evaluation metric
$\mathfrak{R}$
is proposed to evaluate the performance of the two modeling methods. Three groups of experiments with different calculation times are carried out for the classical PPU-3RUS parallel mechanism, and the new RS-3UPRU parallel mechanism after the effectiveness and wide applicability of the novel modeling method is proved. The calculation time and output rate are recorded, respectively, and then the respective
$\mathfrak{R}$
values are obtained by weighting. The results show that the novel modeling method has better performance.
Old-growth grasslands of Central Anatolia (Türkiye) require better conservation and management
Authors: Tavşanoğlu Çağatay , Bernardi Rafael 
Published: December 2024

SummaryThe grasslands of Central Anatolia in Türkiye, including the steppes and forest-steppes, are often mischaracterized as degraded ecosystems due to long-standing human activities, particularly agriculture and domestic grazing. However, palaeoecological evidence and recent research suggest that these grasslands are ancient, biodiversity-rich systems that have persisted through various climatic changes and disturbance regimes. This manuscript challenges the conventional view that Central Anatolian grasslands are secondary and degraded, arguing instead that they represent old-growth ecosystems that coexisted with forests as alternative biome states throughout history. We emphasize the need to re-evaluate current land management practices, particularly afforestation efforts, which may undermine the resilience of these ecosystems to climate change. By recognizing the ecological value of these old-growth grasslands and adopting a comprehensive conservation strategy, the conservation and restoration of these vital ecosystems can be improved, ensuring their resilience and biodiversity in the face of future environmental challenges.
Synthetic G-jet-structures in modal homotopy type theory
Authors: Cherubini Felix 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis article constructs the moduli stack of torsion-free
$G$
-jet-structures in homotopy type theory with one monadic modality. This yields a construction of this moduli stack for any
$\infty$
-topos equipped with any stable factorization systems.In the intended applications of this theory, the factorization systems are given by the deRham-Stack construction. Homotopy type theory allows a formulation of this abstract theory with surprisingly low complexity. This is witnessed by the accompanying formalization of large parts of this work.
Desmin-related cardiomyopathy in a young woman presented with an infra-Hisian atrioventricular block
Authors: Cabral Margarida , Ruivo Catarina , Martins Hélia 
Published: December 2024

AbstractA 17-year-old woman was admitted due to a complete atrioventricular block. Comprehensive analytic and imaging studies were conducted to determine the aetiology. Cardiac magnetic ressonance imaging revealed concentric hypertrophy of the left ventricle and diffuse intramural late enhancement gadolinium. Genetic testing identified a heterozygous pathogenic variant in the desmin gene. To manage atrioventricular block, a dual-chamber pacemaker was implanted. During follow-up, no spontaneous ventricular activity was detected.
Pensions and protestants: or why everything in retirement can’t be optimized
Authors: Milevsky Moshe Arye , Velazquez Marcos 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
A common narrative among insurance actuaries and business economists is that national or regional pension systems can be finetuned, optimized, and improved simply by tinkering with demographic and financial parameters; all within the context of the “right” mathematical model. Indeed, recent papers in the actuarial literature have offered technical fixes around savings rates, retirement ages, decumulation strategies as well as more refined mortality and interest rate models. But alas, not everything in the world of pensions and retirement can be optimized, in particular as it relates to the history, background culture, or religion of the underlying population.
This paper documents a statistically significant relationship between a region’s pension plan “health status” and the fraction of the region’s population identifying as Protestant Christians (PC). We begin the analysis at the national level using a well-known pension quality index and then obtain similar results for the actuarial funded status of U.S. state pension plans.
Overall, this work is within the sphere of recent literature that indicates historical religious beliefs, values, and culture matter for financial economic outcomes; a factor which obviously can’t be optimized within a mathematical Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman (HJB) equation. In other words, some things in retirement are truly beyond control.
An Evaluation of Antarctic Ice Core Nitrate Records as a Proxy for Solar Activity
Authors: Laluraj C. M. , Waliur Rahaman , Meloth Thamban 
Published: December 2024

AbstractNitrate (NO3−) deposition in polar ice sheets archives valuable information on past solar activity. However, interpretation of Antarctic ice core NO3− records as a proxy for past solar activity remains challenging due to multiple sources and processes controlling NO3− variability in ice core records. Here, we present a new high‐resolution ice core NO3− record (1905–2005 CE) from coastal Dronning Maud Land, East Antarctica, to investigate the solar signal and other forcing factors/processes in controlling ice core NO3− variability. Our record exhibits significant periodicity in the range of 8–12 years frequency band during 1940–2005 CE, apparently identified as the signal of ∼11 year sunspot cycle; however, such signal was not detected in the previous interval during 1905–1940 CE. To address the discontinuous and/or obscured signals in the present ice core record and inconsistency among various Antarctica ice core records, we extended our investigations to 10 ice core NO3− records from various regions of Antarctica. Analysis of seven records for the common interval from 1738 to 1990 CE reveals dominant periodicities of 8–12 years, indicating solar forcing as a primary driver, followed by precipitation modulated by El Niño‐Southern Oscillation and Pacific Decadal Oscillation. Further, our investigation reveals that the solar signal extracted from multiple records becomes undetectable when mean annual hemispheric sunspot numbers larger than 140, suggesting this is a threshold limit for detecting the solar signal. These findings will improve our present understanding of ice core NO3− records as a proxy for past solar activity.
Assessing GFDL‐ESM4.1 Climate Responses to a Stratospheric Aerosol Injection Strategy Intended to Avoid Overshoot 2.0°C Warming
Authors: Zhang Shipeng , Naik Vaishali , Paynter David , Tilmes Simone , John Jasmin 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn this work, we apply the GFDL Earth System Model (GFDL‐ESM4.1) to explore the climate responses to a stratospheric aerosol injection (SAI) scenario that aims to restrict global warming to 2.0°C above pre‐industrial levels (1850–1900) under the CMIP6 overshoot scenario (SSP5‐34‐OS). Simulations of this SAI scenario with the CESM Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model (CESM2‐WACCM6) showed nearly unchanged interhemispheric and pole‐to‐Equator surface temperature gradients relative to present‐day conditions around 2020, and reduced global impacts, such as heatwaves, sea ice melting, and shifting precipitation patterns (Tilmes et al., 2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd‐11‐579‐2020). However, model structural uncertainties can lead to varying climate projections under the same forcing. Implementing identical stratospheric aerosol radiative properties in GFDL‐ESM4.1, which has a much lower Effective Climate Sensitivity compared to CESM2‐WACCM6, resulted in a decrease in global‐mean surface temperature by more than 1.5°C and a corresponding reduction in precipitation responses. Two major reasons contribute to the different temperature response between the two models: first, GFDL‐ESM4.1 has less warming in the SSP534‐OS scenario; second, GFDL‐ESM4.1 has shown more pronounced cooling in response to the same stratospheric AOD perturbation. Notably, the Southern Hemisphere experiences substantial cooling compared to the Northern Hemisphere, accompanied by a northward shift of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). Furthermore, our analysis reveals that spatially heterogeneous forcing within the SAI scenario results in diverse climate feedback parameters in the GFDL‐ESM4.1 model, through varying surface warming/cooling patterns. This research highlights the importance of considering model structural uncertainties and forcing spatial patterns for a comprehensive evaluation of future scenarios and geoengineering strategies.
Electron‐Induced Radiolysis of Water Ice and the Buildup of Oxygen
Authors: Tinner Chantal , Galli André , Bär Fiona , Pommerol Antoine , Rubin Martin , Vorburger Audrey , Wurz Peter 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIrradiation by energetic ions, electrons, and UV photons induces sputtering and chemical processes (radiolysis) in the surfaces of icy moons, comets, and icy grains. Laboratory experiments, both of ideal surfaces and of more complex and realistic analog samples, are crucial to understand the interaction of surfaces of icy moons and comets with their space environment. This study shows the first results of mass spectrometry measurements from porous water ice regolith samples irradiated with electrons as a representative analogy to water‐ice rich surfaces in the solar system. Previous studies have shown that most electron‐induced O radiolysis products leave the ice as and and that can be trapped under certain conditions in the irradiated ice. Our new laboratory experiments confirm these findings. Moreover, they quantify residence times and saturation levels of in originally pure water ice. O may also be released from the water ice by irradiation, but the quantification of the released O is more difficult and the total amount is sensitive to the electron flux and energy.
A Machine Learning Approach to Produce a Continuous Solar‐Induced Chlorophyll Fluorescence Over the Arctic Ocean
Authors: Madani Nima , Parazoo Nicholas C. , Manizza Manfredi , Chatterjee Abhishek , Carroll Dustin , Menemenlis Dimitris , Le Fouest Vincent , Matsuoka Atsushi , Luis Kelly M. , Serra‐Pompei Camila , Miller Charles E. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPhytoplankton primary production is a crucial component of Arctic Ocean (AO) biogeochemistry, playing a pivotal role in carbon cycling by supporting higher trophic levels and removing atmospheric carbon dioxide. The advent of satellite observations measuring chlorophyll a concentration (Chl_a) has provided unprecedented insights into the distribution of AO phytoplankton, enhancing our ability to assess oceanic net primary production (NPP). However, the optical properties of AO waters differ significantly from those of the lower‐latitude waters, complicating remotely sensed Chl_a retrievals. To mitigate these deficiencies, solar‐induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) has emerged as a valuable tool for gaining physiological insights into the direct photosynthetic processes of the AO. However, the temporal coverage of satellite SIF data makes long‐term analysis of Chl_a photosynthetic activity challenging. In this study, we leverage satellite‐based SIF measurements from 2018 to 2021 to assess their correlation with a set of predictive factors influencing phytoplankton photosynthesis. Generally, observed SIF over the AO showed a higher correlation with normalized fluorescence line height (NFLH) compared to Chl_a. We extended the temporal coverage of the original SIF data to encompass the period from 2004 to 2020. The extended record revealed noticeable differences between SIF, and satellite‐based Chl_a, and NFLH observations. Our novel data set offers a pathway forward to monitor the physiological interactions of phytoplankton with climate changes, promising to significantly improve our understanding of Arctic waters productivity. The application of this data is expected to provide new insights into how phytoplankton respond to environmental shifts, contributing to a more nuanced understanding of their role in high‐latitude marine ecosystems.
Macrophages in organ fibrosis: from pathogenesis to therapeutic targets
Authors: Jiang Yuanyuan , Cai Rong , Huang Yu , Zhu Like , Xiao Long , Wang Caihong , Wang Lihong 
Published: December 2024

AbstractFibrosis, an excessive self-repair response, is an age-related pathological process that universally affects various major organs such as the heart, liver, kidney, and lungs. Continuous accumulation of pathological tissue fibrosis destroys structural integrity and causes loss of function, with consequent organ failure and increased mortality. Although some differences exist in the triggering mechanisms and pathophysiologic manifestations of organ-specific fibrosis, they usually share similar cascading responses and features, including chronic inflammatory stimulation, parenchymal cell injury, and macrophage recruitment. Macrophages, due to their high plasticity, can polarize into different phenotypes in response to varied microenvironments and play a crucial role in the development of organ fibrosis. This review examined the relationship between macrophages and the pathogenesis of organ fibrosis. Moreover, it analyzed how fibrosis can be modulated by targeting macrophages, which may become a novel and promising therapeutic strategy for fibrosis.
High-resolution genetic analysis of whole APC gene deletions: a report of two cases and patient characteristics
Authors: Tanabe Hiroki , Koshizuka Yasuyuki , Tanaka Kazuyuki , Takahashi Kenji , Ijiri Masami , Takahashi Keitaro , Ando Katsuyoshi , Ueno Nobuhiro , Kashima Shin , Sarashina Takeo , Moriichi Kentaro , Mitsube Kenrokuro , Mizukami Yusuke , Fujiya Mikihiro , Makita Yoshio 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is an autosomal dominant syndrome caused by germline variants in the APC gene, leading to the development of numerous colorectal polyps and significantly increases the risk of colorectal cancer. A diagnosis is typically made using colonoscopy, and genetic testing can assist in patient surveillance and carrier identification. Recent advances include the use of whole-genome array comparative genomic hybridization (a-CGH), which provides better resolution of genetic imbalances. We aimed to explore the specific features of FAP patients with whole APC gene deletions using high-resolution a-CGH and to compare patient characteristics. Two polyposis patients with whole APC deletions were identified, and the lost genetic sizes ranged from 0.3–1.1 Mb. Nervous abnormalities were a characteristic symptom in a patient with a 1.1 Mb loss. A patient with an approximately 0.3 Mb loss, which included the entire APC gene, presented a polyposis phenotype without intellectual disability. The comparison of genetic losses, with or without intellectual disability, revealed 7 genetic changes. Consequently, EPB41L4A is a candidate gene associated with the neurogenic phenotype.
Neonatal myoclonus in Bryant-Li-Bhoj syndrome associated with a novel H3F3A variant
Authors: Hojo Moemi , Soma Noriko , Yamada Kei , Kobayashi Yu , Miura Masaki , Fujii Hitomi , Nyuzuki Hiromi , Nishio Yosuke , Oso Taichi , Ogi Tomoo , Ikeuchi Takeshi , Tohyama Jun 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Bryant-Li-Bhoj syndrome (BLBS; OMIM # 619720, 619721), caused by germline H3F3A and H3F3B variants encoding histone H3.3, is characterized by mild to severe developmental delay, intellectual disability, failure to thrive, muscle tone abnormalities, and dysmorphic facial features. Here, we present a Japanese patient with a novel heterozygous p.A48G variant in H3F3A, displaying previously unrecognized symptoms of neonatal myoclonus. This case helps broaden the phenotypic spectrum of BLBS.
Nutrient availability influences E. coli biofilm properties and the structure of purified curli amyloid fibers
Authors: Siri Macarena , Vázquez-Dávila Mónica , Sotelo Guzman Carolina , Bidan Cécile M. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBacterial biofilms are highly adaptable and resilient to challenges. Nutrient availability can induce changes in biofilm growth, architecture and mechanical properties. Their extracellular matrix plays an important role in achieving biofilm stability under different environmental conditions. Curli amyloid fibers are critical for the architecture and stiffness of E. coli biofilms, but how this major matrix component adapts to different environmental cues remains unclear. We investigated, for the first time, the effect of nutrient availability both on biofilm material properties and on the structure and properties of curli amyloid fibers extracted from similar biofilms. Our results show that biofilms grown on low nutrient substrates are stiffer, contain more curli fibers, and these fibers present higher β-sheet content and chemical stability. Our multiscale study sheds new light on the relationship between bacterial matrix molecular structure and biofilm macroscopic properties. This knowledge will benefit the development of both anti-biofilm strategies and biofilm-based materials.
Equally high efficiencies of organic solar cells processed from different solvents reveal key factors for morphology control
Authors: Zhang Rui , Chen Haiyang , Wang Tonghui , Kobera Libor , He Lilin , Huang Yuting , Ding Junyuan , Zhang Ben , Khasbaatar Azzaya , Nanayakkara Sadisha , Zheng Jialei , Chen Weijie , Diao Ying , Abbrent Sabina , Brus Jiri , Coffey Aidan H. , Zhu Chenhui , Liu Heng , Lu Xinhui , Jiang Qing , Coropceanu Veaceslav , Brédas Jean-Luc , Li Yongfang , Li Yaowen , Gao Feng 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The power conversion efficiency of organic solar cells (OSCs) is exceeding 20%, an advance in which morphology optimization has played a significant role. It is generally accepted that the processing solvent (or solvent mixture) can help optimize morphology, impacting the OSC efficiency. Here we develop OSCs that show strong tolerance to a range of processing solvents, with all devices delivering high power conversion efficiencies around 19%. By investigating the solution states, the film formation dynamics and the characteristics of the processed films both experimentally and computationally, we identify the key factors that control morphology, that is, the interactions between the side chains of the acceptor materials and the solvent as well as the interactions between the donor and acceptor materials. Our work provides new understanding on the long-standing question of morphology control and effective guides to design OSC materials towards practical applications, where green solvents are required for large-scale processing.
Understanding the neural code of stress to control anhedonia
Authors: Xia Frances , Fascianelli Valeria , Vishwakarma Nina , Ghinger Frances Grace , Kwon Andrew , Gergues Mark M. , Lalani Lahin K. , Fusi Stefano , Kheirbek Mazen A. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Anhedonia, the diminished drive to seek, value, and learn about rewards, is a core feature of major depressive disorder1–3. The neural underpinnings of anhedonia and how this emotional state drives behaviour remain unclear. Here we investigated the neural code of anhedonia by taking advantage of the fact that when mice are exposed to traumatic social stress, susceptible animals become socially withdrawn and anhedonic, whereas others remain resilient. By performing high-density electrophysiology to record neural activity patterns in the basolateral amygdala (BLA) and ventral CA1 (vCA1), we identified neural signatures of susceptibility and resilience. When mice actively sought rewards, BLA activity in resilient mice showed robust discrimination between reward choices. By contrast, susceptible mice exhibited a rumination-like signature, in which BLA neurons encoded the intention to switch or stay on a previously chosen reward. Manipulation of vCA1 inputs to the BLA in susceptible mice rescued dysfunctional neural dynamics, amplified dynamics associated with resilience, and reversed anhedonic behaviour. Finally, when animals were at rest, the spontaneous BLA activity of susceptible mice showed a greater number of distinct neural population states. This spontaneous activity allowed us to decode group identity and to infer whether a mouse had a history of stress better than behavioural outcomes alone. This work reveals population-level neural dynamics that explain individual differences in responses to traumatic stress, and suggests that modulating vCA1–BLA inputs can enhance resilience by regulating these dynamics.