bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Food, Religion and Communities in Early Modern Europe
Authors: Kissane Christopher 
Published: April 2018

Using a three-part structure focused on the major historical subjects of the Inquisition, the Reformation and witchcraft, Christopher Kissane examines the relationship between food and religion in early modern Europe.
Food, Religion and Communities in Early Modern Europe employs three key case studies in Castile, Zurich and Shetland to explore what food can reveal about the wider social and cultural history of early modern communities undergoing religious upheaval. Issues of identity, gender, cultural symbolism and community relations are analysed in a number of different contexts. The book also surveys the place of food in history and argues the need for historians not only to think more about food, but also with food in order to gain novel insights into historical issues.
This is an important study for food historians and anyone seeking to understand the significant issues and events in early modern Europe from a fresh perspective.
İntrakranial Menenjioma Olgularının Değerlendirilmesi: 72 Hastanın Analizi
Authors: TURAN Yahya , YILMAZ Tevfik 
Published: April 2018

Amaç: Kliniğimizde 2012–2018 yıllarında ameliyat olmuş ve
menenjiom tanısı almış olan 72 hasta retrospektif olarak klinik, radyolojik ve
patolojik bulgularıyla incelenerek literatür eşliğinde tartışıldı. Yöntemler: Hastaların yaşları, cinsiyetleri, klinik
bulguları, radyolojik görüntüleri, yerleşim yerleri, ameliyat kayıtları ve
patolojik olarak aldıkları tanıları incelendi.Bulgular: 72 intrakranial menenjiomalı hastanın 47 (%65,3)’i
kadın, 25 (%34,7)’i erkektir. Kadın/Erkek oranı: 1.88’dir. Olgular 19-78 yaş
aralığında olup, yaş ortalaması 44.7’dir. Sıklık sırasına göre başvurma
nedenleri ve nörolojik muayene bulguları: Baş ağrısı (%72,2), bulantı-kusma
(%37,5), epilepsi (%25,0), motor defisit (%20,8)’dir. En sık yerleştikleri
lokalizasyonlar: konvexite 17 (%23,7), parasagital 14 (%19,5), sfenoid kanat 9
(%12,59 bölgesidir. Cerrahi tedavideki rezeksiyonumuzun Simpson
klasifikasyonuna göre; hastaların 57 (%79,2)’i grade I, 8 (%11,1)’i grade II, 2
(%2,8)’i grade III, 4 (%5,5)’i grade IV ve 1 (%1,4)’i grade V olarak
değerlendirilmiştir. Histopatojik tanıları ise sıklık sırasına göre; 29 (%40,3)
meningotelyomatöz, 13 (%18,1) fibröz, 9 (%12,5) transisyonel, 6 (%8,3) oranında
psammomatöz tip şeklinde tespit edildi.Sonuç: İntrakranial menenjiomalar malign tipleri dışında;
genellikle benign karekterde yavaş büyüyen, erken tanı konup, total
çıkarıldığında tam kür sağlanan, rekürrens oranı çok düşük olan tümörlerdir.
Menenjiomalarda cerrahi kararın verilmesinde ve sürvide; hastaların yaşı,
preoperatif performans skalası, tümörün lokalizasyonu, büyüklüğü, rezeksiyon
derecesi, histopatolojik özellikleri gibi birçok faktör rol oynamaktadır.
Asemptomatik, küçük boyutta, ameliyata uygun olmayan, yaşlı, kafa tabanı,
kavernöz sinüs gibi ulaşılması zor lokalizasyonlarda bulunan hastalarda seri
görüntülemelerle yakın takip ve radyocerrahi tercih edilebilir. MRG takibi 3.
ay, 6. ay ve sonrasında yıllık takipler şeklinde ve takipte gerek görülürse,
büyüme olursa cerrahi/radyocerrahi önerilir. Genç olan ve kalsifikasyonu
bulunmayanlarda hızlı büyüme riski nedeniyle cerrahi düşünülmelidir.
Les enjeux éthiques de la pratique privée de l’ergothérapie : perceptions d’ergothérapeutes
Authors: Goulet Marie , Drolet Marie-Josée 
Published: April 2018

Au Québec, 31% des ergothérapeutes travaillent dans le secteur privé, lequel est en constante croissance. À ce jour, aucune étude n’a spécifiquement répertorié les enjeux éthiques de cette pratique. Cette étude avait pour objectif d’explorer ces enjeux, c’est-à-dire les situations susceptibles de compromettre le respect d’une valeur éthique. Optant pour un devis d’inspiration phénoménologique, sept ergothérapeutes ont été rencontrés dans le cadre d’entrevues individuelles semi-dirigées. Basé sur le cadre conceptuel de Swisher et ses collaborateurs, le canevas d’entrevue a permis d’identifier différents types d’enjeux éthiques. Les résultats attestent que plusieurs valeurs sont susceptibles d’être compromises, soit : le bien-être du patient, l’autonomie du patient, la sécurité publique, la justice distributive, la qualité des interventions, la pratique compétente, l’indépendance professionnelle, l’honnêteté et le professionnalisme. Bien que les ergothérapeutes aient à coeur le bien-être des patients, plusieurs éléments semblent contribuer à cet état de fait, comme les situations de double allégeance vécues par les ergothérapeutes, l’ingérence des tiers payeurs dans le processus clinique et le mode de financement des cliniques. Plus encore, les enjeux éthiques de la pratique privée de l’ergothérapie sont principalement de nature macroscopique. La capacité des ergothérapeutes à percevoir certains de ces enjeux semble être reliée à certaines de leurs caractéristiques, en l’occurrence leur sensibilité éthique et le fait qu’ils soient novices. Les résultats de cette étude rejoignent en général ceux décrits dans les écrits en physiothérapie et montrent le manque de soutien offert aux ergothérapeutes, notamment aux novices, pour surmonter ces enjeux avec aisance et efficacité.
Cannabis Use During Early Pregnancy Following Recreational Cannabis Legalization
Authors: Young-Wolff Kelly C. , Slama Natalie E. , Avalos Lyndsay A. , Padon Alisa A. , Silver Lynn D. , Adams Sara R. , Does Monique B. , Ansley Deborah , Castellanos Carley , Campbell Cynthia I. , Alexeeff Stacey E. 
Published: November 2024

ImportanceIt is unknown whether state recreational cannabis legalization (RCL) is related to increased rates of prenatal cannabis use or whether RCL-related changes vary with cannabis screening methods or the local policy environment.ObjectiveTo test whether RCL in California was associated with changes in prenatal cannabis use rates, whether changes were evident in both self-report and urine toxicology testing, and whether rates varied by local policies banning vs allowing adult-use retailers post-RCL.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis population-based time-series study used data from pregnancies in Kaiser Permanente Northern California universally screened for cannabis use during early pregnancy by self-report and toxicology testing from January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2019. Analyses were conducted from September 2022 to August 2024.ExposuresCalifornia state RCL passage (November 9, 2016) and implementation of legal sales (January 1, 2018) were examined with a 1-month lag. Local policies allowing vs banning medical retailers pre-RCL and adult-use retailers post-RCL were also examined.Main Outcomes and MeasuresAny prenatal cannabis use was based on screening at entrance to prenatal care (typically at 8-10 weeks’ gestation) and defined as (1) a positive urine toxicology test result or self-report, (2) a positive urine toxicology test result, or (3) self-report. Interrupted time series models were fit using Poisson regression, adjusting for age, race and ethnicity, and neighborhood deprivation index.ResultsThe sample of 300 993 pregnancies (236 327 unique individuals) comprised 25.9% Asian individuals, 6.4% Black individuals, 26.0% Hispanic individuals, 37.7% White individuals, and 4.1% individuals of other, multiple, or unknown race, with a mean (SD) age of 30.3 (5.4) years. Before RCL implementation, rates of prenatal cannabis use rose steadily from 4.5% in January 2012 to 7.1% in January 2018. There was no change in use rates at the time of RCL passage (level change rate ratio [RR], 1.03; 95% CI, 0.96-1.11) and a statistically significant increase in rates in the first month after RCL implementation, increasing to 8.6% in February 2018 (level change RR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.04-1.16). Results were similar when defining prenatal cannabis use by (1) a toxicology test or (2) self-report. In local policy analyses, the post-RCL implementation increase in use was only found among those in jurisdictions allowing adult-use cannabis retailers (allowed RR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.10-1.33; banned RR, 1.01; 95% CI, 0.93-1.10).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this time-series study, RCL implementation in California was associated with an increase in rates of cannabis use during early pregnancy, defined by both self-report and toxicology testing, driven by individuals living in jurisdictions that allowed adult-use retailers.
Using Bayh-Dole Act March-In Rights to Lower US Drug Prices
Authors: Ouellette Lisa Larrimore , Sampat Bhaven N. 
Published: November 2024

ImportanceIn December 2023, the Biden-Harris Administration released a proposed framework for exercising government march-in rights (effectively granting compulsory licenses for those patents to generic drug makers) under the Bayh-Dole Act on patents on taxpayer-funded drugs, which has renewed questions about whether march-in rights could promote cost savings through generic competition or harm pharmaceutical innovation.ObjectivesTo determine the feasibility of using march-in rights to remove patent barriers to generic competition.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cross-sectional study examined government funding information from multiple sources for patents listed in the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Orange Book from 1985 to 2023. Data analysis was completed in August 2024.ExposuresNew drug applications (NDAs) with Orange Book–listed patents, including (1) all new molecular entities (NMEs) approved from 1985 to 2022; (2) all NDAs with an Orange Book patent listed between 1985 and 2023; and (3) NDAs with unexpired patents listed in a recent (October 2023) edition of the Orange Book.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe main outcome was whether the drugs had any or all patents that were public-sector patents subject to the Bayh-Dole Act, based on combining different data sources for identifying patents that resulted from federal funding. Public-sector patents resulting from intramural research, which are not subject to march-in rights under the Bayh-Dole Act, were identified separately.ResultsOf 883 new molecular entities approved from 1985 to 2022, 68 (8%) had a Bayh-Dole patent, but only 18 (2%) had solely Bayh-Dole patents. Of 2832 drugs with patents listed for 1985 to 2023, 142 (5%) had a Bayh-Dole patent, but only 38 (1%) had solely Bayh-Dole patents. Of 1213 drugs with Orange Book patents listed in October 2023, 41 (3%) had a Bayh-Dole patent, but only 14 (1%) had solely Bayh-Dole patents.Conclusion and RelevanceThis cross-sectional study found that, although Bayh-Dole march-in rights could remove patent barriers to generic entry for a few drugs, their overall effect would be limited.
A novel method for estimating avian roost sizes using passive acoustic recordings
Authors: Soh Malcolm C. K. , Chitre Mandar A. , Hoffmann‐Kuhnt Matthias , Lee Benjamin P. Y.‐H. , Er Kenneth B. H. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Communal bird roosts serve as information centres and a means of thermoregulation for many species. While some communally roosting species are major pests and cause dis‐amenities, others are of conservation concern. Estimating the population of roosting birds can provide a useful proxy of population size and possibly a more reliable estimate than other sampling techniques. However, estimating these populations is challenging as some roosts are large and often occluded in foliage.

Previous acoustic methods such as paired sampling, microphone arrays and use of call rate have been used to estimate bird abundances; however, these are less suited for estimating large roost populations where hundreds of individuals are calling in unison. To address this challenge, we explored using machine learning techniques to estimate a roost population of the Javan myna, Acridotheres javanicus, an invasive species in Singapore. While one may expect to use sound intensity to estimate roost sizes, it is affected by various factors such as distance to the recorder, local propagation conditions (e.g. buildings and trees), weather conditions, and noise from other sources. Here, we used a deep neural network to extract higher order statistics from the sound recordings and use those to help estimate roost sizes. Additionally, we validated our method using automated visual analysis with a dual‐camera setup and manual bird counts.

Our estimated bird counts over time using our acoustic model matched the automated visual estimates and manual bird counts at a selected Javan myna roost, thus validating our approach. Our acoustic model estimated close to 400 individual mynas roosting in a single tree. Analyses of additional recordings of Javan myna roosts conducted on two separate occasions and at a different roost location using our acoustic model showed that our roost estimates over time also matched our automated visual estimates well.

Practical implication: Our novel approach of estimating communal roost sizes can be achieved robustly using a simple portable acoustic recording system. Our method has multiple applications such as testing the efficacy of avian roost population control measures (e.g. roost tree pruning) and monitoring the populations of threatened bird species that roost communally.
Con‐textual Devices and MachiNet(Works)
Authors: Cantley Bryan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractCalifornia‐based architectural educator Bryan Cantley has pursued the analogy of the machine consistently since his days as a student in Los Angeles. Over the last few decades, he has developed an instantly recognisable style, as he investigates the interstices of the virtual and the actual and all the mixed realities in‐between. Here he describes his working methods and creative preoccupations that ferment into a hot, heady broth of architectural speculation.
Pedagogical Artefacts: Representations and Inflections in Latin America
Authors: Atencio Daniela , Rossi Claudio 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWhile the machine is often seen as a powerful agent and enabler of extractive technologies, pollution and climate change, it can also be a necessary ally in resurrecting complex landscape rejuvenation projects that target potentially beneficial, catalytic natural hotspots. Daniela Atencio and Claudio Rossi, both architects and Associate Professors at the Universidad de Los Andes in Bogotá, Colombia, show us how.
Desirous Machines: Towards a New Architectural Allegory
Authors: Baldwin Peter J 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe relationship between machines and architectural inspiration has changed over the years as technology has become more and more virtual. The machine allegory has therefore edged towards invisibility, pervasively penetrated the integrity of the body, and manipulated matter atom by atom. Architect, artist and academic Peter J Baldwin explains architecture's machinic infatuations, their histories and their exponential acceleration in a time of emerging singularity and technological convergence.
Dual Lewis Acid Promoted/Visible Light Driven Preparation of Aryl Diazenyl Oxazoles from Isocyanoacetamides and Arylazo Sulfones
Authors: Delalande Enzo , di Terlizzi Lorenzo , Russo Camilla , Volpe Carmine , Protti Stefano , Giustiniano Mariateresa 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWhile arylazo sulfones have been widely applied as arylating agents, their exploitation for diazenylation reactions has been previously limited to electron‐rich alkenes such as styrenes and silyl enol ethers. Herein we optimized a synthetic one‐pot protocol to access oxazolyl azo compounds via a selective domino ring‐closing/aryldiazenylation sequence by starting from arylazo sulfones and isocyanoacetamides in the presence of Sm(OTf)3 as the Lewis acid. The substrate scope, along with scale‐up reaction both in batch and under continuous flow conditions provide a valuable approach to such a class of heteroaryl azo compounds.
Boosting the Sodiation Kinetics of Sn Anode Using a Yolk–Shell Nanohybrid Structure for High‐Rate and Ultrastable Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Lim Hyojun , Yu Seungho , Chang Wonyoung , Chung Kyung Yoon , Choi Wonchang , Kim Sang‐Ok 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMetallic Sn (Tin) is a promising anode material for Na‐ion batteries owing to its high theoretical capacity of 870 mAh g−1. However, its large volumetric changes, interfacial instability, and sluggish sodiation kinetics limit its practical applications. Herein, a hierarchical yolk–shell nanohybrid composed of an Sn yolk and a Carbon/Silicon oxycarbide (C/SiOC) bilayer shell is prepared via the simple pyrolysis of a silicone oil dispersion containing an Sn precursor. The multifunctional bilayer helps boost sodiation kinetics by providing conductive pathways, enhancing the reversible capacity through surface capacitive reactions, and stabilizing the electrode/electrolyte interface. Abundant void interspaces inside the yolk–shell structure accommodate large volume changes of the Sn yolk. The Sn@C/SiOC nanohybrid demonstrates high specific capacity (≈500 mAh g−1 at 1 A g−1), remarkable rate performance up to 10 A g−1, and ultrastable cyclability (91.1% retention after 1500 cycles at 5 A g−1). This yolk–shell nanohybrid structuring can guide the development of various high‐capacity anodes for energy storage applications.
Development of a porcine model of skin and soft‐tissue infection caused by Staphylococcus aureus, including methicillin‐resistant strains suitable for testing topical antimicrobial agents
Authors: Raška Filip , Lipový Břetislav , Kobzová Šárka , Vacek Lukáš , Jarošová Rea , Kleknerová Dominika , Matiašková Katarína , Makovický Peter , Vícenová Monika , Jeklová Edita , Pantůček Roman , Faldyna Martin , Janda Lubomír 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundIn view of the ever‐increasing representation of Staphylococcus spp. strains resistant to various antibiotics, the development of in vivo models for evaluation of novel antimicrobials is of utmost importance.MethodsIn this article, we describe the development of a fully immunocompetent porcine model of extensive skin and soft tissue damage suitable for testing topical antimicrobial agents that matches the real clinical situation. The model was developed in three consecutive stages with protocols for each stage amended based on the results of the previous one.ResultsIn the final model, 10 excisions of the skin and underlying soft tissue were created in each pig under general anesthesia, with additional incisions to the fascia performed at the base of the defects and immediately inoculated with Staphylococcus aureus suspension. One pig was not inoculated and used as the negative control. Subsequently, the bandages were changed on Days 4, 8, 11, and 15. At these time points, a filter paper imprint technique (FPIT) was made from each wound for semi‐quantitative microbiological evaluation. Tissue samples from the base of the wound together with the adjacent intact tissue of three randomly selected defects of each pig were taken for microbiological, histopathological, and molecular‐biological examination. The infection with the inoculated S. aureus strains was sufficient during the whole experiment as confirmed by both FPIT and from tissue samples. The dynamics of the inflammatory markers and clinical signs of infection are also described.ConclusionsA successfully developed porcine model is suitable for in vivo testing of novel short‐acting topical antimicrobial agents.
Characterizing Nonarticular Pain at Early Rheumatoid Arthritis Diagnosis: Evolution Over the First Year of Treatment and Impact on Remission in a Prospective Real‐World Early Rheumatoid Arthritis Cohort
Authors: Meng Charis F. , Lee Yvonne C. , Schieir Orit , Valois Marie‐France , Butler Margaret A. , Boire Gilles , Hazlewood Glen , Allard‐Chamard Hugues , Hitchon Carol , Kuriya Bindee , Tin Diane , Thorne Carter , Bessette Louis , Pope Janet , Bartlett Susan J. , Bykerk Vivian P. ,   the Canadian Early Arthritis Cohort Investigators
Published: November 2024

ObjectiveOur objective was to characterize nonarticular pain (NAP) at early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) diagnosis, the evolution over the first year of treatment, associations with active RA inflammation, and the impact on remission.MethodsThis real‐world, longitudinal multicenter cohort study observed participants with active early RA (symptoms <1 year and Clinical Disease Activity Index [CDAI] >2.8) enrolled between January 2017 and January 2022 who completed a body pain diagram over 1 year. Participants were grouped by prespecified definitions of NAP: (1) none, (2) regional, or (3) widespread. Rheumatologists performed joint counts. Descriptive statistics summarized the frequency and evolution of NAP patterns over 1 year. Chi‐square tests compared the proportions of tender and/or swollen joints by the presence of pain in each NAP section. Multiadjusted generalized estimating equations regression models estimated associations of NAP patterns with remission outcomes.ResultsParticipants (N = 392) were 70% female, with a mean ± SD age of 56 ± 14 years and mean ± SD symptoms duration of 5.1 ± 2.7 months. More than half reported NAP at baseline, with most (73%) presenting with regional NAP. Common patterns of regional NAP were axial (40%) and pain in upper quadrants (17%). A total of 43% of those with regional NAP persisted or worsened over 1 year, whereas 73% of those with widespread NAP resolved or improved. Joint inflammation was more frequently reported in areas with NAP versus areas without NAP. Regional and widespread NAP were associated with lower odds of reaching CDAI remission (adjusted odds ratio 0.42, 95% confidence interval 0.26–0.70 and adjusted odds ratio 0.30, 95% confidence interval 0.12–0.74), respectively.ConclusionRegional NAP is common and persistent in early RA and impacts remission. RA activity may contribute to NAP. More attention to NAP in RA care is warranted.image
Design an Energy‐Conserving Pathway for Efficient Biosynthesis of 1,5‐Pentanediol and 5‐Amino‐1‐Pentanol
Authors: Ma Lin , Xie Chong , Zhang Yu , Li Wenna , An Ning , Shen Xiaolin , Wang Jia , Sun Xinxiao , Yuan Qipeng 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT1,5‐Pentanediol (1,5‐PDO) is an important five‐carbon alcohol, widely used in polymer and pharmaceutical industries. Considering the substantial energy (ATP and NADPH) requirements of previous pathways, an energy‐conserving artificial pathway with a higher theoretical yield (0.75 mol/mol glucose) was designed and constructed in this study. In this pathway, lysine is converted into 1,5‐PDO by decarboxylation, two transamination, and two reduction reactions. For the purpose of full pathway construction, 5‐aminopetanal reductase and 5‐amino‐1‐pentanol (5‐APO) transaminase were identified and characterized. By implementing strategies such as modular optimization of gene expression, enhancing lysine biosynthesis and increasing NADPH supply, the engineered strains were able to produce 1502.8 mg/L 5‐APO and 726.2 mg/L 1,5‐PDO in shake flasks and 11.7 g/L 1,5‐PDO in a 3 L bioreactor. This work provides a new and promising pathway for the efficient production of 5‐APO and 1,5‐PDO.