bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of Bonding Formation between the Filaments of PLA in FFF Process
Authors: Kallel A. , Koutiri I. , Babaeitorkamani E. , Khavandi A. , Tamizifar M. , Shirinbayan M. , Tcharkhtchi A. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Fused filament fabrication (FFF) is an additive manufacturing (AM) process that provides physical objects commonly used for modeling, prototyping and production applications. The major drawback of this process is poor mechanical property due to the porous structure of final parts. This process requires careful management of coalescence phenomenon. In this paper, the major influencing factors during the FFF processing of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) were investigated experimentally and with a numerical model. It has been shown that the polymer temperature has a significant effect on the rheological behavior of PLA, especially on the adhesion of the filaments. An experimental set-up has been placed in the machine to have the cyclic temperature of the filament. A variation of the polymer temperature influences process parameters such as feed rate, temperature of the nozzle and temperature of the platform. The results showed that the amount of polymeric coalescence (neck growth) rises when increasing the feed rate, the nozzle temperature, and the platform temperature. A model to predict the neck growth is proposed. It predicts a lower amount of neck growth value than obtained experimentally. This difference has been explained as the effect of other phenomena, such as polymer relaxation time, pressure of the nozzle and especially cyclic temperature which is not taken into account in the model.
Rheology and Extrusion Foaming of Partially Crosslinked Thermoplastic Vulcanizates Silicone
Authors: Métivier T. , Cassagnau P. , Forest C. , Martin G. , Garois N. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
This work focuses on the foaming behavior of thermoplastic vulcanized silicones (TPVs) in which partially crosslinked silicone nodules are dispersed. In these TPVs, silicone nodules dispersed in a low density polyethylene (LDPE) phase have an average size of about 1 μm. The crosslinking densities of the elastomer phase were selected according to their viscoelastic behavior. Surprisingly, linear and non-linear shear rheology appeared more sensitive to formulations than extensional rheology. Indeed, each formulation has an extensional rheological behavior similar to that of pure LDPE and meets the requirements for foaming applications in terms of elongation at break and melt strength. In accordance with non-linear shear rheology, the foaming behavior of these formulations has been correlated to extrusion foaming parameters that are known to control nucleation, i. e. pre-die pressure and die exit depressurization rate. With an appropriate crosslinking density of silicone nodules, the TPV foamability tends to the foamability of pure LDPE to reach a foam density of 0.54 g/cm3 with an average cell size of 140 ± 50 μm and a cell density of 3 × 105 cells/cm3. Since partially crosslinked silicone nodules cannot foam, it is assumed that they improve nucleation while allowing sufficient expansion of the LDPE phase.
Influence of Rubber Ratio and Crosslinking Agent on Mechanical Properties, Crystallization and Rheological Behaviors of EPDM/PP Thermoplastic Elastomer
Authors: Xu D.-H. , Zhou Y. , He W.-D. , Wu H.-M. , Yu J. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The ethylene-propylene-diene monomer/polypropylene (EPDM/PP) thermoplastic elastomer is prepared by dynamic vulcanization. The effects of different rubber ratios and crosslinking agent contents on the static and dynamic mechanical properties, crystallization and rheological behaviors are investigated and discussed. EPDM/PP with the rubber ratio from 40 to 50 % and crosslinking agent content of 1.2 wt% has the highest tensile strength and elongation at break. The fracture morphologies indicate that EPDM/PP with high rubber ratios and crosslinker contents is over vulcanized to harden, which results in that some large particles cannot be fragmented by shear force. The crystallinity obtained from differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) shows a decrease with increasing rubber ratio and a very slight variation with increasing the crosslinking content. The dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) results display a decrease trend in storage modulus and tan δ with increasing crosslinking density. The rheological behaviors show that the complex viscosity also increases with increasing crosslinking density, indicating that the elastic deformation becomes superior to viscous flow in EPDM/PP.
MODEL SISTEM PENGAWASAN PASAR BERLANDASKAN EKONOMI SYARIAH
Authors: Sitepu Novi Indriyani 
Published: September 2019

The market is spearheading the economic transactions. The importance of the market is shown also at the time of Muhammad.Prophet Muhammad pbuh. acts as muhtasib and founder of the market that can beat the market Jew at that time. This is the main attraction in this paper. Therefore, extracting the values of the Islamic economic filosophy through the market at the time of Muhammad. is expected to be a model for today's market.
KONSEP KEPEMILIKAN HARTA PERSPEKTIF EKONOMI SYARI’AH
Authors: Nizaruddin Nizaruddin 
Published: September 2019

Harta merupakan segala sesuatu yang dimanfaatkan secara legal menurut hukum syara’ (hukum Islam) dan merupakan urat nadi kegiatan ekonomi.
Menurut Islam harta pada hakikatnya adalah hak milik Allah. Namun karena Allah telah menyerahkan kekuasaannya atas harta tersebut kepada manusia, maka perolehan seseorang terhadap harta itu sama dengan kegiatan yang dilakukan oleh seseorang untuk memanfaatkan serta mengembangkan harta. Sebab, ketika seseorang memiliki harta, maka esensinya dia memiliki harta tersebut hanya untuk dimanfaatkan dan terikat dengan hukum-hukum syara’, bukan bebas mengelola secara mutlak.
Konsep kepemilikan harta perspektif ekonomi syari’ah adalah diakuinya hak milik individu dan hak milik umum. Dimana kedua hak tersebut tidaklah bersifat mutlak. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa hak milik terkait erat dengan prinsip bahwa manusia adalah pemegang amanah Allah SWT. Untuk itu manusia tidak mempunyai hak untuk menguasai sesuatu hal tanpa mempertimbangkan dampaknya. Dalam hal ini dilarang adanya penindasan terhadap hak orang lain, melalui harta yang dimilikinya, karena didalam harta tersebut terdapat sebagian hak orang lain yang harus dipenuhi. Islam membolehkan setiap individu untuk memiliki hak milik pribadi tapi harus sesuai dengan ketentuan syari’at, sehingga hak milik pribadi dapat bermanfaat bagi orang lain.
Aspek-Aspek Filosofis Zakat Menurut Alqur’an dan Sunah
Authors: Priyatna Aulia Ranny 
Published: September 2019

Aspek-aspek filosofis zakat dalam al-Qur’an dan as-Sunnah adalah cara pandang yang bersifat filosofi tentang zakat yang termaktub dalam al-Qur’an dan as-Sunnah meliputi bukti syukur seorang hamba kepada Allah Swt. atas segala ni’mat yang telah diterimanya.Sesungguhnya zakat itu dapat menolong orang-orang yang lemah dan meningkatkan taraf hidup mereka. Ibadah zakat bila ditunaikan dengan baik, maka akan meningkatkan kualitas keimanan, membersihkan dan menyucikan jiwa serta mengembangkan dan memberkahkan harta yang dimiliki. zakat merupakan sumber dana potensial yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk memajukan kesejahteraan umat,dan mampu meningkatkan pemerataan ekonomi.
TAX MINIMIZATION SEBAGAI PEMODERASI PADA PENGARUH TUNNELLING INCENTIVE DAN DEBT CONVENANT TERHADAP KETETAPAN TRANSFER PRICING
Authors: Yulianti Sri , Rachmawati Sistya 
Published: September 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk memberikan kebenaran pengaruh tunnelling incentive dan debt convenant terhadap transfer pricing dengan tax minimization sebagai pemoderasi. Dalam penelitian ini, tunnelling incentive diukur melalui jumlah kepemilikan saham hak asing prosentase jumlah saham beredar, Debt convenant diukur strategi hutang dengan DER, dan tax minimization diukur melalui beban pajak dengan prosentase laba kena pajak di masing-masing perusahaan manufaktur. Penelitian ini menggunakan sample yang didapat dari perusahaan manufaktur dengan jumlah 15 perusahaan dengan purposive sampling 60 perusahaan sejak tahun 2014-2017 yang tercatat di BEI. Perolehan data penelitian dari laporan tahunan yang tercatat di BEI sejak 2014. Pengujian pada penelitian ini menggunakan analisis regresi panel pada program eviews 8.1. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tunnelling incentive berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap strategi transfer pricing sedangkan debt convenant berpengaruh negatif tidak signifikan terhadap strategi transfer pricing. Tax minimization tidak memoderasi pengaruh antara tunnelling incentive dan debt convenant terhadap ketetapan transfer pricing dengan tax minimization sebagai pemoderasi.
PENGARUH STRUKTUR KEPEMILIKAN, STRUKTUR MODAL, PROFITABILITAS TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN DENGAN KEBIJAKAN DIVIDEN SEBAGAI MODERASI
Authors: Setyawati Wiwit 
Published: September 2019

The research was purposed to find out the effect of Ownership Structure, Capital Structure, Profitability to Firm Value and dividend policy as moderating variable. This research uses secondary data of mining companies which are listed in Indonesian Stock Exchange during the years of 2011 - 2015. The sampling technique used purposive sampling. The results showed that the ownership structure has no influence to firm value, the capital structure has a significant negative influence to firm value, and profitability has a significant positive influence to firm value. Dividend policy as a moderating variable weakens influence of institutional ownership, Government ownership and capital structure to firm value. While the influence between profitability and firm value, dividend policy can strengthen its influence. Only profitability have a significant positive influence to firm value. This means high profitability can provide value added to the firm value as reflected by the increasing value of Tobins Q.
PENYELESAIAN PERKARA DI LUAR PENGADILAN ANTARA PELAKU DAN KORBAN TINDAK PIDANA
Authors: Justitia Airlangga 
Published: September 2019

Sistem Peradilan Pidana (Criminal Justice System), harus dikaji ulang guna melihat kepentingan yang lebih luas, tidak hanya terfokus pada pembalasan bagi pelaku tindak pidana saja, akan tetapi juga kepentingan korban tindak pidana sudah selayaknya di perhatikan. Perlindungan yang ada dalam KUHAP lebih banyak melindungi hak asasi pelaku tindak pidana dari pada hak asasi/kepentingan korban tindak pidana. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hakikat penyelesaian perkara di luar pengadilan antara pelaku dan korban kejahatan; dan reformulasi kebijakan Hukum Pidana dalam mengimplementasikan hakikat penyelesaian perkara pidana di luar pengadilan antara korban dan pelaku kejahatan. Metode penelitian yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, perbandingan hukum dan kajian kepustakaan yang dikuatkan data lapangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan Hakikat penyelesaian di luar pengadilan adalah restoratif justice. sistem yang dianut oleh KUHAP adalah retributive justice yang titik perlindungannya adalah pelaku tindak pidana (offender oriented) bukan restorative justice. Rekonseptualisasi dan Rekoordinasi dalam Sistem Peradilan Pidana (Criminal Justice System) perlu dan sangat mendesak untuk dilakukan, agar tercipta suatu penegakkan hukum yang berlandaskan keadilan semua untuk semua.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM HAK PEKERJA PADA PERJANJIAN KERJA WAKTU TERTENTU DALAM KETENAGAKERJAAN
Authors: Azis Abdul , Handriani Aan , Basri Herlina 
Published: September 2019

Perjanjian kerja pada dasarnya harus memuat ketentuan yang berkaitan dengan hubungan kerja, yaitu hak dan kewajiban buruh serta hak dan kewajiban perusahaan. Hubungan kerja antara pemberi kerja dengan penerima kerja dituangkan dalam bentuk perjanjian kerja yang salah satunya bersifat waktu tertentu. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Jaminan Hak Pekerja Atas Perjanjian Kerja Waktu Tertentu dan Perlindungan Hukum Pekerja Atas Perjanjian Kerja Waktu Tertentu. Metode penelitian yuridis normatif, dengan menggunakan data sekunder kepustakaan yang dianalisis secara normatif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan Pertama, Jaminan Hak Pekerja oleh perusahaan terhadap pekerta Atas Perjanjian Kerja Waktu Tertentu belum memberikan kepastian karena perusahaan belum sepenuhnya menerapkan aturan ketenagakerjaan sesuai peraturan perundang-undangan; kedua, Perlindungan hukum dalam bentuk pemberian restitusi, kompensasi, pelayanan medis, dan bantuan hukum, termasuk perlindungan terhadap pekerja yang melakukan perjanjian kerja waktu tertentu belum dilakukan sepenuhnya.
YURISDIKSI KONTENTIOSA DALAM PENANGANAN PERKARA PERMOHONAN PEMERIKSAAN TERHADAP PERSEROAN TERBATAS
Authors: Fahmi Irfan 
Published: September 2019

Pemeriksaan terhadap perseroan terbatas adalah salah satu bentuk upaya hukum di dalam pasal 138 Undang-undang No. 40 Tahun 2007 Tentang Perseroan Terbatas. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui proses mendapatkan ‘data’ atau ‘keterangan’ berkaitan adanya dugaan perbuatan melawan hukum yang dilakukan oleh Perseroan, anggota Direksi, dan Dewan Komisaris, yang menimbulkan kerugian bagi perseroan, ‘Pemegang Saham’ atau ‘Pihak Lain’ dan penerapan yurisdiksi di pada pemeriksaan permohonan di pengadilan Negeri. Metode penelitian yuridis normatif dengan teknik analisis data normatif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan pertama, upaya hukum ini diajukan kepada Pengadilan Negeri oleh pihak yang memiliki legal standing, yaitu pemegang saham, pihak lain, dan kejaksaan; kedua, Dalam mengadili permohonan jenis ini, Pengadilan Negeri memberlakukan hukum acara perdata yang tidak seragam. Ada yang mengadili dengan menerapkan yurisdiksi voluntair, dan ada pula menerapkan yurisdiksi kontentiosa. Perbedaan penerapan hukum acara perdata oleh Pengadilan Negeri dalam mengadili perkara permohonan jenis ini, dapat berpotensi menciptakan tiadanya kepastian hukum acara dalam mengadili perkara Pemeriksaan Perseroan Terbatas.
ANALISIS PERANAN USAHA KECIL DAN MENENGAH TERHADAP PENYERAPAN TENAGA KERJA DI KABUPATEN KEBUMEN
Authors: Prasetyo Anton , Huda Miftahul 
Published: September 2019

This research aims to analyze the factors that influence the role of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) on employment, namely capital, sales volume, type of business, length of business, and wages. Empirical data is presented to prove that the role of small and medium enterprises on employment is influenced by capital, sales volume, type of business, length of business, and wages. Multiple regression analysis through the SPSS program was used as a research test tool. The research data was obtained from SMEs businesses, Central Bureau of Statistics and the SMEs Office to test scientifically whether capital, sales volume, type of business, duration of business, and wages affect employment. Research results show that the duration of the business influences the absorption of labor while capital, sales volume, type of business, and wages do not affect employment.
Keywords: SMEs, capital, sales volume, type of business, length of business, wages
Evaluasi Prosedur Penyusunan Anggaran dan Penetapan Anggaran
Authors: Kaharti Eni 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
This research aimed to identify the roles of budget as a means of planning, controlling, and decision making at a hotel company, namely VSSB. This research evaluated budgeting process using the guidelines of Anthony and Govindarajan (2011) and Nafarin (2013). Budgetary control was evaluated in two ways, namely: (1) evaluation of budget implementation, (2) evaluation of budget achievement. The evaluation of calculating cost of room sold is a basis for determining a selling price by giving discounts. Cost classification is required in deciding budget management (Supriyono, 1989). Costs are classified according to their purpose.
The results of this research indicated that the procedure for making budget in VSSB 2018 was normatively in compliance with budgeting procedure. GOP generated by VSSB could be classified as low budget (below 40%). In Seminyak Bali, VSSB was regarded as a leader in the hotel business based on hotel competitor report. The simulation of the basic room costs in VSSB was already proper so that giving discounts would not result in loss.
Keywords: budget, planning, controlling, decision making, cost classification, BEP analysis and CVP analysis.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN JUS BUAH APEL MANALAGI (MALUS SYLVESTRIS) TERHADAP KADAR TRIGLISERIDA DARAH TIKUS PUTIH (RATTUS NORVEGICUS) JANTAN GALUR WISTAR YANG DIBERI DIET TINGGI LEMAK
Authors: Rahmat Reni Rabiatul , Suyono Bambang , Risma Risma 
Published: September 2019

Manalagi apples (Malus sylvestris) have long been believed to have the effect of lowering blood cholesterol levels. Where the main content is quercetin class of flavonoids as antioxidants and pectin which functions as fat absorption. This study was an experimental study with a randomized post test only control group design study conducted for 28 days and using 30 rats divided into 3 groups. In all groups given a high fat diet with treatment, control (-) was given a high fat diet, control (+) was given simvastatin and KP1 was given Manalagi apple juice (Malus sylvestris) dose of 10 ml/day. One-Way ANOVA test results from measurements of triglyceride levels showed p = 0.139 (p> 0.05) so that Manalagi apple juice (Malus sylvestris) did not significantly affect blood triglyceride levels of male Wistar strains (Rattus norvegicus) given high fat diet.
Keywords: Apple Fruit Juice, Triglycerides, High fat
Buah apel Manalagi (Malus sylvestris) telah lama dipercaya memiliki khasiat menurunkan kadar kolesterol darah. Dimana Kandungan utamanya adalah quercetin golongan flavonoid sebagai antioksidan dan pektin yang berfungsi sebagai penyerapan lemak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah ada pengaruh jus kulit dan daging buah apel Manalagi(Malus sylvestris) terhadap kadar trigliserida darah tikus putih jantan galur wistar (Rattus norvegicus) yang diberi diet tinggi lemak sebelumnya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental dengan rancangan penelitian randomized post test only control group design yang dilakukan selama 28 hari dan menggunakan 30 ekor tikus yang dibagi menjadi 3 kelompok. Pada semua kelompok diberi diet tinggi lemak dengan perlakuannya, kontrol (-) diberi diet tinggi lemak, kontrol (+) diberi simvastatin dan KP1 diberi jus buah apel Manalagi (Malus sylvestris) dosis 10 ml/hari. Hasil uji One-Way ANOVA dari pengukuran kadar trigliserida menunjukan p = 0,139 (p > 0,05) sehingga pemberian jus buah apel Manalagi (Malus sylvestris) tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap kadar trigliserida darah tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus) jantan galur wistar yang diberi diet tinggi lemak.
Kata kunci: Jus Buah Apel, Trigliserida, Diet tinggi lemak.
Bioavtur Synthesis from Palm Fatty Acid Distillate through Hydrotreating and Hydrocracking Processes
Authors: Sabarman J.S. , Legowo E.H. , Widiputri D.I. , Siregar A.R. 
Published: September 2019

Increasing concern in fossil fuel depletion and CO2 emissions create an urgent need for biofuel substitution. Bio-jet fuel is a possible alternative for conventional jet fuels which currently accounts for 2% of the world’s CO2 emission. Palm Fatty Acid Distillate (PFAD) is the byproduct of palm oil refinery process, which has a potential to become a promising raw material for the synthesis of bioavtur due to its high free fatty acid content. The oil-to-jet pathway is a possible route to produce bioavtur from PFAD, which includes hydrotreating, hydrocracking, and hydroisomerization processes. This research aims to investigate the hydrotreating and hydrocracking processes. The parameters that were investigated are temperature, solvent to PFAD ratio, catalyst loading, and pressure. The parameters variations were as follows: the temperature at 350oC and 400oC, the pressure at 40 bar and 32.5 bar, the solvent to PFAD ratio at 2:1 and 1:1, and the catalyst loading (%wt) at 1%, 2%, and 3%. Presulfided NiMo/γ-Al2O3 PIDO 120 1.3 was used for one-step hydrotreating and hydrocracking processes. Results indicated that the 400oC provided better free fatty acid (FFA) conversion. FFA is also almost completely removed when the catalyst used is 3% weight. Solvent to PFAD ratio affected the FFA conversion marginally, while higher catalyst loading (3%) improved the FFA conversion. Gas chromatography results show that the hydrocarbon chains are successfully hydrocracked into C9-C17. The best selectivity of the product to bioavtur range was calculated at 68.99%. Solvent ratio affects the hydrocracking more significantly than the catalyst loading. One sample with temperature operation 400oC and solvent to PFAD ratio 1:1 was in the range of conventional avtur density. With the method used in this study, it can be concluded that PFAD is a promising raw material for bioavtur.
Keywords: Palm Fatty Acid Distillate (PFAD), hydrotreating, hydrocracking, bioavtur
The Impacts of Emission Reduction Targets in Indonesia Electricity Systems
Authors: Irsyad Muhammad Indra al , Halog Anthony , Nepal Rabindra , Koesrindartoto Deddy P. 
Published: September 2019

Climate change policy often contradicts the least-cost objective of electricity generation in developing countries. The objective of our study is to propose electricity generation mixes that can meet emission reduction targets in Indonesia. We estimate the optimal generation mix, costs, and emissions from three scenarios, namely existing power plant planning, and 11% and 14% emission reductions in Indonesia’s electricity sector. The estimations are based on linear programming, input-output analysis, and life-cycle analysis, integrated into an agent-based modeling (ABM) platform. The simulation results confirm the existing power plant planning, which is dominated by coal-based power plants, as the lowest-cost scenario in the short-term; however, this scenario also produces the highest emissions. Emission reduction scenarios have lower emissions due to a higher share of renewables and, therefore, the Indonesian electricity system is robust from fossil fuel price increases. In the long-term, costs incurred in the emission reduction scenarios will be lower than electricity generation costs under the existing power plant planning. Our findings should be a basis for re-evaluating energy policies, power plant planning, and the research agenda in Indonesia.
Keyword: linear programming, agent-based modelling (ABM), input-output analysis, life-cycle analysis