bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self-efficacy to spur job performance
Authors: De Clercq Dirk , Haq Inam Ul , Azeem Muhammad Umer 
Published: February 2018

PurposeWith a foundation in conservation of resources theory, the purpose of this paper is to unpack the relationship between employees’ self-efficacy and job performance, investigating the mediating role of job-related anxiety and the moderating role of perceived workplace incivility.Design/methodology/approachSurvey data were collected from employees and their supervisors in Pakistani organizations.FindingsAn important reason that employees’ self-efficacy enhances their job performance is that they experience less anxiety while undertaking their daily job tasks. This mediating role of job-related anxiety is particularly salient to the extent that employees believe that they are the victims of uncivil behaviors.Practical implicationsOrganizations should note that the anxiety-mitigating effect of self-efficacy is particularly strong for generating adequate performance to the extent that rude and discourteous behaviors cannot be completely avoided in the workplace.Originality/valueThis study establishes a more complete understanding of the benefits of employees’ self-efficacy by revealing how reduced worries about their organizational functioning represent critical mechanisms that connect this personal resource to higher job performance, as well as by showing how employees’ perceptions of workplace incivility invigorate this process.
Gender diversity in compensation committees and CEO pay: evidence from China
Authors: Usman Muhammad , Zhang Junrui , Wang Fangjun , Sun Junqin , Makki Muhammad Abdul Majid 
Published: February 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to address whether gender diversity on compensation committees ensures objective determination of CEOs’ compensation.Design/methodology/approachThe authors use a sample of companies listed in China from 2006 to 2015. The authors use pooled ordinary least square regression as the baseline methodology, and two-stage least square regression and propensity score matching to control for endogeneity.FindingsThe authors find evidence that gender-diverse compensation committees limit CEOs’ total cash compensation and strengthen the link between CEO pay and firm performance, but only independent female directors have a significant impact, indicating that the monitoring effect outweighs the executive effect. Moreover, compensation committees with a critical mass of female directors have more impact on CEOs’ total pay and the link between CEO pay and firm performance than do committees with a single female director. Finally, gender-diverse compensation committees are more effective in setting CEOs’ compensation in state-controlled firms, where agency issues are more severe.Practical implicationsFemale directors can improve firm-level governance by monitoring management actions, such as setting CEOs’ compensation. The study contributes to the debate on gender diversity in the boardroom, finding a positive economic effect. The study sheds light on China’s diversity practices at the director level and provides empirical guidance to China’s regulatory bodies.Originality/valueThe authors extend earlier studies by providing the first empirical evidence that gender-diverse compensation committees strengthen the link between CEO pay and firm performance; that independent female directors are more effective in the monitoring role than executive female directors; that compensation committees with a critical mass of female directors are more effective in setting CEOs’ pay than are committees with a single female director; and that the influence of gender-diverse compensation committees on CEOs’ pay varies by type of ownership.
Low-power CMOS integrated current sensor for current-mode DC-DC buck converter
Authors: Kim Hyung-won , Jeong Hyeim , Yu Junho , Lee Chan-Soo , Kim Nam-Soo 
Published: February 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to propose a low-power complementary MOS (CMOS) current sensor for control circuit in an integrated DC-DC buck converter.

Design/methodology/approach
The integrated DC-DC converter, which is composed of feedback control circuit and power block, is designed with 0.35-µm CMOS process. Current sensor in the control circuit is integrated with sense-FET and voltage-follower circuits to reduce power consumption and improve its sensing accuracy. In the current-sensing circuit, the size ratio of the power metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) to the sensing transistor (K) is 1,000, and a current-mirror is used for a voltage follower. N-channel MOS acts as a switching device in the current-sensing circuit, where the sensing FET is in parallel with the power MOSFET. The amplifier and comparator are designed to obtain a high gain and a fast transient time.

Findings
Experiment shows that the current sensor is operated with accuracy of more than 85 per cent, and the transient time of the error amplifier is controlled within 100 µs. The sensing current is in the range of a few hundred µA at a frequency of 0.6-2 MHz and an input voltage of 3-5 V. The output voltage is obtained as expected with the ripple ratio within 5 per cent.

Originality/value
The proposed current sensor in DC-DC converter provides an accurately sensed inductor current with a significant reduction in power consumption in the range of 0.2 mW. High-accuracy regulation is obtained using the proposed current sensor. As the sensor utilizes simple switch-type voltage follower and sense-FET, it can be widely applied to other low-power applications such as high-frequency oscillator and over-current protection circuit.
“It’s not just a matter of speaking…”: the vicissitudes of cross-cultural interviewing
Authors: Griffin Gabriele 
Published: February 2018

Purpose
In “Can the subaltern speak?,” Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak makes the important distinction between representation as “Vertretung” and “Darstellung.” She also produces a strong version of whom she regards as a subaltern woman. Thirty years on both the distinction between “Vertretung” and “Darstellung” and the question of who the subaltern woman is, remain extremely important, not least in methodological considerations in cross-cultural contexts. A number of questions may be asked in relation to representation, such as: how distinct are its two meanings in the interviewing context? And how do they relate to the notion of the co-production of knowledge which has gained such traction in the past three decades? The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
In this paper, I draw on cross-cultural interviewing experiences. Starting from the silence of illiterate rural women in a study conducted in Madhya Pradesh, India, in 2011 (Mohanraj), this paper draws on the research experiences of the author and a number of projects reported on in Cross-Cultural Interviewing (Griffin, 2016) to elucidate how one might re-think both representation and subalternality in the contemporary globalized context.

Findings
The experiences of cross-cultural interviewing I draw on in this paper show that in the contemporary context subalternality may be more productively understood in terms of a continuum rather than as the radical state of unreachable, unspeaking alterity that Spivak proposes.

Originality/value
The paper contributes new perspectives on Spivak’s notion of the unspeaking alterity of the subaltern in light of globalized developments over the past 30 years and specific experiences of cross-cultural interviewing, as these comment on Spivak’s insights.
Effects of mass energy and line mass on characteristics of the direct laser fabrication parts
Authors: Wang Xinlin , Deng Dewei , Zhang Hongchao 
Published: February 2018

Purpose
This study aims to investigate the effects of mass energy and line mass on the geometrical dimensions, microstructures, hardness and mechanical properties of direct laser fabrication parts.

Design/methodology/approach
Direct laser fabrication is successfully used to manufacture a series of samples of AISI 316L stainless steel.

Findings
The width and height of the deposition layers increase with increasing mass energy and line mass. When the powder feed rate is 0.295 g/s, higher mass energy and line mass create more refined grains. However, mass energy and line mass have adverse effects on grain size at the powder feed rate of 0.241 or 0.187 g/s. Higher ultimate tensile strength (UTS) values and reduced ductility values are obtained in comparison with those obtained by traditional methods. Thus, the increase in the mass energy and line mass improves the mechanical properties of the parts.

Originality/value
This study is helpful for the optimization of the parameters in the direct laser fabrication process.
Fabrication and stress analysis of ankle foot orthosis with additive manufacturing
Authors: Banga Harish Kumar , Belokar Rajendra M. , Kalra Parveen , Kumar Rajesh 
Published: February 2018

Purpose
Ankle–foot orthoses (AFOs) are assistive devices prescribed for a number of physical and neurological disorders affecting the mobility of the lower limbs. Additive manufacturing has been explored as an alternative process; however, it has proved to be inefficient cost-wise. This work aims to explore the possibilities of generating modular AFO elements, namely, calf, shank and footplate, with the localized composite reinforcement that aids in the optimization of the device in terms of functionality, aesthetics, rigidity and cost.

Design/methodology/approach
The conventional lower leg–foot orthosis configuration depends on thermoforming a polymer sheet around a mortar cast with a trademark firmness relying upon the trim-line with the inalienable plan restrictions. In manufacturing of AFO the expert, i.e. orthotist's, guidance is used. Polypropylene and polyethylene material is used in fabrication of AFO to complete all-round reported points of interest over the ordinary outlines, yet their mechanical conduct under administration conditions cannot be effectively anticipated.

Findings
AFOs made of polypropylene and polyethylene material are available in the market, which are used by children of age 3-5 years. With the existing AFO design, patients are facing excessive heating and sweating problems during long-term usage. After feedback from patients and orthotists (who prescribed AFO to patients), an attempt has been made to solve the problem with a new and improved AFO design of AFO by using finite element modelling and stress analysis. Also, the results indicate that the new design is similar to the actual product design.

Originality/value
This work introduces the low-cost 3D printing with reinforcement approach as an alternative route for the designing and manufacturing of orthotic devices with complex shapes. It is expected that new applications add-up to increase the body of knowledge about the behaviour of such products which will mix both areas, composite theory and additive manufacturing. This study investigated the fields related to 3D scanning, 3D printing and computer-aided designing for the manufacturing of a customized AFO.
A new method for locating candidate substrates for multi axis hybrid manufacturing systems
Authors: Eldakroury Mohamed A. , Chen Niechen , Frank Matthew C. 
Published: February 2018

Purpose
This study aims to introduce a new method for locating candidate substrates in part models and evaluating their feasibility.

Design/methodology/approach
Slices of an STL model along candidate directions are evaluated for the fitting of regular cylindrical and rectangular stock. Next, the part model is skeletonized and tested for collision assuming deposition growth of features from the candidate substrate.

Findings
The method is successfully able to find feasible substrates and conduct collision simulation for a variety of part models.

Research limitations/implications
The algorithm is limited to cylindrical and rectangular substrates and only considers collision between the substrate and the deposition head.

Originality/value
This method represents a new approach to solving a portion of the hybrid manufacturing process planning problem.
The digital divide in India: use and non-use of ICT by rural and urban students
Authors: Sampath Kumar B.T. , Shiva Kumara S.U. 
Published: February 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to know the frequency, place, and purpose of use of computer. It also aimed to know the various problems faced by the students in using the computer and to know the reasons for not using computer by rural and urban students.

Design/methodology/approach
A total of the 2,592 sample population were selected from 64 rural and urban high schools of two districts of Karnataka state. A structured questionnaire was used for the data collection and data have been analyzed using Software Package for Social Science. Statistical tests, namely, χ2 and one-way ANOVA were applied to test the formulated hypotheses.

Findings
The results of the study showed that only 20.66 percent rural students and 69.70 percent of urban students used computer for various academic purposes. Further, most of the rural and urban students opined that “electric power failure” and “lack of computer” skills were major problem in using computer.

Originality/value
Today, the computer education in schools plays an important role in student’s career development and enhances the quality of learning among students. Thus, the local government/school authorities may provide the minimum ICT infrastructure in both schools and more particularly in rural schools.
Dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitor‐associated bullous pemphigoid in a patient with acquired reactive perforating collagenosis
Authors: Maki Nobuki , Nishie Wataru , Takazawa Maya , Kakurai Maki , Yamada Tomoko , Umemoto Naoka , Kawase Masaaki , Izumi Kentaro , Shimizu Hiroshi , Demitsu Toshio 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBullous pemphigoid (BP) is a common autoimmune blistering disorder with unknown etiology. Recently, increasing numbers ofBPcases which developed under the medication with dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors (DPP4i), widely used antihyperglycemic drugs, have been reported in published works. Here, we report a case ofDPP4i (teneligliptin)‐associatedBPthat developed in a 70‐year‐old Japanese man. Interestingly, the patient had acquired reactive perforating collagenosis (ARPC), which is also known to be associated with the onset ofBP. In the present case, clinical, histopathological and immunological findings suggested thatDPP4i rather thanARPCwas associated with the onset ofBP.
Under the weather?—The direct effects of climate warming on a threatened desert lizard are mediated by their activity phase and burrow system
Authors: Moore Danae , Stow Adam , Kearney Michael Ray 
Published: February 2018

Abstract

For ectotherms such as lizards, the importance of behavioural thermoregulation in avoiding thermal extremes is well‐established and is increasingly acknowledged in modern studies of climate warming and its impacts. Less appreciated and understood are the buffering roles of retreat sites and activity phase, in part because of logistical challenges of studying below‐ground activity. Burrowing and nocturnal activity are key behavioural adaptations that have enabled a diverse range of reptiles to survive extreme environmental temperatures within hot desert regions. Yet, the direct impact of recent global warming on activity potential has been hypothesised to have caused extinctions in desert lizards, including the Australian arid zone skink Liopholis kintorei.

We test the relevance of this hypothesis through a detailed characterisation of the above‐ and below‐ground thermal and hydric microclimates available to, and used by, L. kintorei.

We integrate operative temperatures with observed body temperatures to construct daily activity budgets, including the inference of subterranean behaviour. We then assess the likelihood that contemporary and future local extinctions in this species, and those of similar burrowing habits, could be explained by the direct effects of warming on its activity budget and exposure to thermal extremes.

We found that L. kintorei spent only 4% of its time active on the surface, primarily at dusk, and that overall potential surface activity will be increased, not restricted, with climate warming. The burrow system provides an exceptional buffer to current and future maximum extremes of temperature (≈40°C reduction from potential surface temperatures), and desiccation (burrows near 100% humidity). Therefore, any climate warming impacts on this species are likely to be indirect.

Our findings reflect the general buffering capacity of underground microclimates, therefore, our conclusions for L. kintorei are more generally applicable to nocturnal and crepuscular ectotherms, and highlight the need to consider the buffering properties of retreat sites and activity phase when forecasting climate change impacts.
Conservatism between theory and practice: The case of migration to Europe
Authors: BECKSTEIN MARTIN , RAMPTON VANESSA 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThis article explores the neglected relationship between conservatism as political theory and conservatism as political practice using the example of recent immigration to Europe. A cursory glance at how European politicians have responded to migration challenges suggests that they roughly divide into an open‐arm, leftist ‘liberal’ camp and a right‐wing ‘conservative’ one. The situation, however, is more complex. This article engages with the resources of conservative theory to argue that there are many distinct conservative theoretical positions for any one policy point. Using contemporary migration patterns as a case study, the findings suggest that Conservative parties have not borrowed much from conservative theory in its variety of incarnations. In fact, conservative theory can buttress a course of action that is generous toward migrants and at odds with the claims of right‐wing populist movements. While certain strands of conservatism imagine a homogenous people, there are others that are no less pro‐pluralism than liberal theories, and sometimes more so.
Influence of grandparents on the dietary intake of their 2–12‐year‐old grandchildren: A systematic review
Authors: Young Kylie G. , Duncanson Kerith , Burrows Tracy 
Published: February 2018

AimGrandparents are assuming increased child‐caregiving responsibilities, which potentially influences the dietary intake of grandchildren. The aim of this systematic review is to determine the influence of grandparental care on the dietary intake, food‐related behaviours, food choices and weight status of their preschool and school‐aged grandchildren.MethodsSix electronic health databases were searched in January 2017. Inclusion criteria were publication in English language, peer‐reviewed journal between 2000 and 2017; children aged 2–12 years; study outcomes included child dietary intake/weight status, grandparent nutrition knowledge/beliefs or grandparent/parent feeding practices. Included studies were appraised for quality and bias. The review was registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42016047518.ResultsSixteen studies were identified in the review, published between 2007 and 2016, with 15 assessed as moderate or high quality. Nine studies reported grandparental child feeding attitudes and behaviours that are considered to negatively influence child dietary intake, while three studies identified positive influences. Seven studies identified that differences in child feeding attitudes and behaviours between parents and grandparents created conflict and tensions between caregivers, often resulting in poor feeding practices. Statistically significant positive associations (odds ratio 1.47–1.72) between grandparent cohabitation and increased rates of child overweight and obesity were found in four studies.ConclusionsGrandparents in caregiving roles may negatively influence the dietary intake and weight status of their grandchildren. More rigorous, targeted studies are required to further define the mechanisms by which grandparents' knowledge, attitudes and feeding behaviours may influence child dietary intake. This review suggests that grandparents may be an important audience to target in future child nutrition interventions.
Investor sentiment and the risk–return tradeoff in the Brazilian market
Authors: Piccoli Pedro , da Costa Newton C. A. , da Silva Wesley Vieira , Cruz June A. W. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThis study examines the influence of investor sentiment on the risk–return relationship in the Brazilian stock market from 2002 to 2015. Using the Consumer Confidence Index as a substitute for the level of investor sentiment, we find that the relationship between conditional variance and stocks return is positive (negative) in periods of low (high) sentiment, except for small stocks, which always show a negative relationship between the constructs. The deterioration of the positive relationship between risk and return when sentiment is high is a result of the sharp growth in the number of less sophisticated investors under these circumstances.
Body weight change is unpredictable after total thyroidectomy
Authors: Glick Ron , Chang Paula , Michail Peter , Serpell Jonathan W. , Grodski Simon , Lee James C. 
Published: February 2018

BackgroundThere is a common perception that total thyroidectomy causes weight gain beyond expected age‐related changes, even when thyroid replacement therapy induces a euthyroid state. The aim of this study was to determine whether patients who underwent total thyroidectomy for a wide spectrum of conditions experienced weight gain following surgery.MethodsWe retrospectively studied 107 consecutive total thyroidectomy patients treated between January 2013 and June 2014. Medical records were reviewed to determine underlying pathology, thyroid status, use of antithyroid drugs and preoperative weight. Follow‐up data were obtained from 79 patients at least 10 months post‐operatively to determine current weight, the type of clinician managing thyroid replacement therapy and patient satisfaction with post‐thyroidectomy management.ResultsThe cohort was 73% female, with a mean age of 55.8 ± 15.7 years and a mean preoperative weight of 78.8 ± 17.5 kg. Commonest pathologies were multinodular goitre, Graves' disease, thyroid cancer and Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Preoperatively, 63.2% of patients were hyperthyroid. Mean weight change at follow‐up was a non‐significant increase of 0.06 ± 6.9 kg (P = 0.094). Weight change was not significant regardless of preoperative thyroid function status. This study did not demonstrate any significant differences in clinical characteristics (including post‐operative thyroid‐stimulating hormone) between the group with >2% weight gain and those who did not.ConclusionsThis study did not reveal significant weight gain following thyroidectomy for a wide spectrum of pathologies. Specifically, preoperative hyperthyroidism, female gender and use of antithyroid medications do not predict weight gain after thyroid surgery.