bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EVALUATION OF POLICY IMPLEMENTATION 2018 VISIT YEAR AS AN EFFORT TO IMPROVE THE ECONOMIC INDEPENDENCE OF THE COMMUNITY IN SUMENEP REGENCY
Authors: Rasaili Wilda , Alfiyah Nur Inna 
Published: September 2019

This study aims to evaluate the implementation of visit year 2018 policy as a way to developed regional tourism and increase regional economic independence . The program of visit year 2018 started to be planned as policy featured local of Sumenep government since 2016. The policy as the program featured to develop a variety of tourism potential of the region, such as marine tourism, health tourism, tourism keris, culture and palace. But in fact, the increase in the economy of Sumenep district from 2016-2018 was quite slow, the increase was only 0,20 percent, the lowest compared to other districts in East Java . This condition is related to the ineffective implementation of the 2018 visit year policy. Good policies without effective implementation, policies will not be success (Akib and Tarigan, 2008). Policy implementation needs to get more attention, because policies will not find expectations if the implementation is not optimal (Pulzl and Treib. 2014: 127). This study uses a qualitative descriptive method. This study explained that the policy implementation of the visit year 2018 was not effective. 4 (four) indicators of policy implementation as in Edward III's theory, and the environmental aspects of implementation proposed by Nakamura and Smallwood (1980) , not running optimally, 1) human resources are not optimally prepared, and development is slow, 2) coordination and communication between actors in tourism development is still weak, 3) The dispositions didn’t work systematically organized, 4) The aspects of bureaucratic structure still occur over lapping between each OPD .The study recommends that need to be did developing human resources, the coordination and effective communicate between actors in the policy, and the disposition clearly, especially in the OPD.
Keywords: Evaluation , policy implementation , visit year 2018, economic independence
IMPACTS OF TRADITIONAL MARKET REVITALIZATION ON THE TRADERS’ CAPITAL EXPENDITURES IN SITUBONDO
Authors: Fauzi Hasan Muchtar , Firdaus Ahmad Yusuf 
Published: September 2019

The impact of traditional market revitalization has an effect on the expenses and business capital of traders. Traditional markets are the economic fulcrum of the community, but traditional market conditions are synonymous with slums, dirty, smelly, irregular, muddy and so on. To survive the onslaught of modern markets there needs to be a revitalization of traditional markets, the emphasis is on the physical aspects of the market. so the hope of traders is that consumers interested in shopping in the market and the welfare of traders can increase, therefore researchers are interested in exploring the impact of market revitalization on traders in Situbondo Regency. The formulation of the problem is how the traditional market impacts on the expenses and capital of the merchant business, this type of research is (field research), is research conducted in the field by observing a phenomenon that is natural, while collecting data using observation, interviews and documentation . This study uses descriptive analysis method with a qualitative approach. The results show that the problems arising from revitalization are (1) the costs incurred by traders are very large, because they have to bear the costs of moving to a temporary place before occupying a revitalized market. (2) temporary relocation sites are very narrow and slum so that they have difficulty arranging their merchandise which has an impact on consumers' interest in shopping to decrease. (3) new buildings do not meet the expectations of traders, many traders complain starting from the size of the place that is too small and the design of buildings that are not in accordance with the products sold by certain traders (4) traders must renovate the kiosks provided by the market manager with the products they sell (5) due to the large amount of costs incurred by merchants ranging from temporarily moving to occupying new kiosks, the capital for their merchandise is reduced which results in incomplete merchandise.
Keywords: Revitalization Impact, Merchant Expenditures, merchandise capital.
A NUTRIGENÔMICA COMO MÉTODO DE PREVENÇÃO E TRATAMENTO DE DOENÇAS
Authors: Assakawa Ludgero da Silva Samantha , Pimenta Raphael Sanzio 
Published: September 2019

RESUMO
A incidência de doenças nutricionais crônicas não transmissíveis vem aumentando no mundo todo, consequentemente a busca e o aperfeiçoamento de tratamentos e meios de prevenção também. Com a conclusão do projeto Genoma Humano em 2003 tem sido possível obter uma melhor compreensão sobre a expressão de genes no organismo humano. Como uma das ramificações desse acontecimento, surge então a área da nutrigenômica (ciência que tem estudado as interações entre a alimentação e os genes de um determinado indivíduo). Os alimentos possuem compostos que podem favorecer expressões gênicas no organismo de quem os consomem. Os costumes alimentares, a busca pela qualidade de vida, estresse, a exposição a substâncias poluentes e outros fatores revelam a necessidade de uma dieta individualizada. Com a nutrigenômica isso será possível, bem como também a redução de gastos (com internações, cirurgias, e tratamentos farmacológicos), prevenção e tratamento de doenças como Alzheimer, Síndrome de Down, diabetes mellitus tipo 2, fibromialgia entre outras.
Palavras-chave: genes, alimentos e dieta.
Paraphernalia Laws, Criminalizing Possession and Distribution of Items Used to Consume Illicit Drugs, and Injection-Related Harm
Authors: Davis Corey S. , Carr Derek H. , Samuels Elizabeth A. 
Published: September 2019

The United States remains in the grip of an unprecedented epidemic of drug-related harm. Infections of HIV, hepatitis C, and endocarditis related to lack of access to new syringes and subsequent syringe sharing among people who inject drugs have increased alongside a surge in opioid overdose deaths. Overwhelming evidence shows that using a new syringe with every injection prevents injection-related blood-borne disease transmission. Additionally, there is promising research suggesting that the distribution of fentanyl test strips to people who inject drugs changes individuals’ injection decisions, which enables safer drug use and reduces the risk of fatal overdose. However, laws prohibiting the possession of syringes and fentanyl test strips persist in nearly every state. The full and immediate repeal of state paraphernalia laws is both warranted and needed to reduce opioid overdose death and related harms. Such repeal would improve the health of people who inject drugs and those with whom they interact, reducing the spread of blood-borne disease and fatal overdose associated with infiltration of illicitly manufactured fentanyl into the illicit drug supply. It would also free up scarce public resources that could be redirected toward evidence-based approaches to reducing drug-related harm.
Firearm Policy: Physician Organizations’ Role in Political Action Committee Funds, 2018
Authors: Neufeld Miriam Y. , Sanchez Sabrina E. , Siegel Michael 
Published: September 2019

Objectives. To compare donations to individual politicians from physician organization political action committees (PACs) and from the National Rifle Association Political Victory Fund (NRA PVF) in 2018. Methods. We identified 7 organizations with published firearm injury prevention policy. We determined the difference in funds received from physician organization PACs and the NRA PVF for each congressmember. We examined their voting records on firearm-related legislation. Results. A total of 141 congressmembers received funds from both physician organization PACs and the NRA PVF. Of these, 99.3% voted for legislation not consistent with organization recommendations. The majority (70.2%) received more funds from the combined physician organization PACs than from the NRA PVF. Conclusions. Physician organization PACs have a financial impact on NRA-backed congressmembers. They currently contribute to politicians with voting records inconsistent with their own policy recommendations. Firearm violence prevention does not currently outweigh other legislative priorities for physician organization PAC contributions.
Considerations for Modernized Criminal HIV Laws and Assessment of Legal Protections Against Release of Identified HIV Surveillance Data for Law Enforcement
Authors: Galletly Carol L. , Benbow Nanette , Killelea Amy , Lazzarini Zita , Edwards Ruth 
Published: September 2019

In November 2018, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention distributed guidance to funded agencies under its Integrated HIV Surveillance and Prevention Programs Initiative to support the implementation of the program’s third strategy: HIV transmission cluster investigation and outbreak response efforts. Cluster detection seeks to identify persons infected with HIV (diagnosed and undiagnosed) who are linked to infections in single or related sexual and injection drug networks. Identifying expanding clusters allows public health personnel to intervene directly where active HIV transmissions occur. However, in the context of HIV infection where most US states have enacted criminal exposure laws, these efforts have sparked concerns about the protection of HIV surveillance data from court order or subpoena for law enforcement purposes. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention calls for funded agencies to evaluate relevant confidentiality laws to ensure that these are sufficient to protect the confidentiality of HIV surveillance data from use by law enforcement. We present four often overlooked factors about the criminalization of HIV exposure and HIV surveillance data protections that should be considered in statutory assessments.
Uneven Access to Smoke-Free Laws and Policies and Its Effect on Health Equity in the United States: 2000–2019
Authors: Hafez Amy Y. , Gonzalez Mariaelena , Kulik Margarete C. , Vijayaraghavan Maya , Glantz Stanton A. 
Published: September 2019

Tobacco control measures have played an important role in the reduction of the cigarette smoking prevalence among US adults. However, although overall smoking prevalence has declined, it remains high among many subpopulations that are disproportionately burdened by tobacco use, resulting in tobacco-related health disparities. Slow diffusion of smoke-free laws to rural regions, particularly in the South and Southeast, and uneven adoption of voluntary policies in single-family homes and multiunit housing are key policy variables associated with the disproportionate burden of tobacco-related health disparities in these subpopulations. Developing policies that expand the reach of comprehensive smoke-free laws not only will facilitate the decline in smoking prevalence among subpopulations disproportionately burdened by tobacco use but will also decrease exposure to secondhand smoke and further reduce tobacco-caused health disparities in the United States.
Lessons for the United States From Single-Payer Systems
Authors: Greer Scott L. , Jarman Holly , Donnelly Peter D. 
Published: September 2019

US political debates often refer to the experience of “single-payer” systems such as those of Canada and the United Kingdom. We argue that single payer is not a very useful category in comparative health policy analysis but that the experiences of countries such as Canada, the United Kingdom, Spain, Sweden, and Australia provide useful lessons. In creating universal tax-financed systems, they teach the importance of strong, unified governments at critical junctures—most notably democratization. The United States seems politically hospitable to creating such a system. The process of creation, however, highlights the malleability of interests in the health care system, the opportunities for creative coalition building, and the problems caused by linking health care finance and reform. In maintaining these systems, keeping the middle class supportive is crucial to avoiding universal health care that is essentially a program for the poor. For a technical term from the 1970s, “single-payer health care” has proved to have remarkable political power and persistence. We argue it is not a very useful term but the lessons from such systems can be valuable for those contemplating movement toward universal health coverage in the United States.
A Time-dependent Genome-Wide SNP-SNP Interaction Analysis of Chicken Body Weight
Authors: Li Fang-Ge , Li Hui 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background
The important property of the quantitative traits of model organisms is time-dependent. However, the methodology for investigating the genetic interaction network over time is still lacking. Our study aims to provide insights into the mechanistic basis of epistatic interactions affecting the phenotypes of model organisms.
Results
We performed an exhaustive genome-wide search for significant SNP-SNP interactions associated with male birds’ body weight (BW) (n=475) at multiple time points (day of hatch (BW0) and one, three, five, and seven weeks (BW1, BW3, BW5, and BW7)). Statistical analysis detected 67, four, and two significant SNP pairs associated with BW0, BW1, and BW3, respectively, with a significance threshold at 8.67×10 −12 (Bonferroni-adjusted: 1%). Meanwhile, no significant SNP pairs associated with BW5 and BW7 were found. The SNP-SNP interaction networks of BW0, BW1, and BW3 were built and annotated.
Conclusions
With strong annotated information and a strict significant threshold, SNP-SNP interactions underpinned the gene-gene interactions that might occur between chromosomes or within the same chromosome. Comparing and combing the networks, the results indicated that the genetic network for chicken body weight was dynamic and time-dependent.
A lil3 chlp double mutant with exclusive accumulation of geranylgeranyl chlorophyll displays a lethal phenotype in rice
Authors: Li Chunmei , Liu Xin , Pan Jihong , Guo Jia , Wang Qian , Chen Congping , Li Na , Zhang Kuan , Yang Bin , Sun Changhui , Deng Xiaojian , Wang Pingrong 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background:
Phytyl residues are the common side chains of chlorophyll (Chl) and tocopherols. Geranylgeranyl reductase (GGR), which is encoded by CHLP gene, is responsible for phytyl biosynthesis. The light-harvesting like protein LIL3 was suggested to be required for stability of GGR and protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase in Arabidopsis.
Results:
In this study, we isolated a yellow-green leaf mutant, 637ys , in rice ( Oryza sativa ). The mutant accumulated majority of Chls with unsaturated geranylgeraniol side chains and displayed a yellow-green leaf phenotype through the whole growth period. The development of chloroplasts was suppressed, and the major agronomic traits, especially No. of productive panicles per plant and of spikelets per panicle, dramatically decreased in 637ys . Besides, the mutant exhibited to be sensitive to light intensity and deficiency of tocopherols without obvious alteration in tocotrienols in leaves and grains. Map-based cloning and complementation experiment demonstrated that a point mutation on the OsLIL3 gene accounted for the mutant phenotype of 637ys . OsLIL3 is mainly expressed in green tissues, and its encoded protein is targeted to the chloroplast. Furthermore, the 637ys 502ys ( lil3 chlp ) double mutant exclusively accumulated geranylgeranyl Chl and exhibited lethality at the three-leaf stage.
Conclusions:
We identified the OsLIL3 gene through a map-based cloning approach. Meanwhile, we demonstrated that OsLIL3 is of extreme importance to the function of OsGGR, and that the complete replacement of phytyl side chain of chlorophyll by geranylgeranyl chain could be fatal to plant survival in rice.
Improving maternal health services through social accountability interventions in Nepal: An analytical review of existing literature
Authors: Nepal Adweeti , Dangol Santa Kumar , Kwaak Anke van der 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: The persistent equity and quality gap in maternal health services in Nepal has resulted in poor maternal health outcomes. The Government of Nepal has emphasized on responsive and accountable maternal health services since 2005, while social accountability interventions have been commenced as a strategical approach. This review is an attempt to critically explore the social accountability interventions in maternal health services in Nepal and its outcomes by analyzing existing evidence to contribute informed policy. Methods: A literature review and desk study were done between December 2018 to May 2019. An adapted framework of social accountability by Lodenstein et al. 2013 was used for critical analysis and synthesis of the existing literature from Nepal and other low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The literature was searched and extracted from the search engines i.e. google and google scholar using keywords. The searched includes both published and grey literature. Results: The review found different social accountability interventions initiated by the government and external development partners in maternal health services in Nepal. The evidence from Nepal and other LMICs showed that the social accountability interventions improve the quality of maternal health services through improving health system responsiveness, enhancing community ownership, addressing inequalities and enabling the community to influence the policy decision-making process. The strong gender norms, caste-hierarchy system, socio-political and economic context and weak enforceability mechanism in the health system are major contextual factors influencing community engagement in social accountability interventions in Nepal. Conclusions: The evidence show that social accountability interventions have the potential to improve the quality of maternal health services in Nepal. Critical factors of successful outcomes in maternal health services include quality implementation of the interventions. Similarly, continuous effort is needed from policymaker to strengthen monitoring and regulatory mechanism of the health system and decentralization, improve access to the information and establishment of proper channels to capture complaints and feedback from the community to ensure the effectiveness of the interventions for the long run. Furthermore, research is needed to evaluate the impact of the existing social accountability interventions in the reduction of maternal mortality in Nepal.
CD59 receptor targeted delivery of miRNA-1284 and Cisplatin-loaded liposomes for effective therapeutic efficacy against cervical cancers
Authors: Wang Li , Liang Ting-Ting 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: In this study, we have designed the CD59sp-conjugated miRNA-1284/cisplatin(CDDP)-loaded liposomes for the enhanced therapeutic effect against cervical cancers. Methods: A substantially higher uptake of CD59 antibody-conjugated miRNA-1284/CDDP-loaded liposomes (CD/LP-miCDDP) was attributed to the CD59-based receptor-mediated cellular internalization in HeLa cells. Results: MiR-1284 showed a typical concentration-dependent cell killing effect in the cervical cancer cells owing to the downregulation of HMGB1. CD59-antibody conjugated formulation exhibited a significantly lower cell viability compared to that of free CDDP and non-targeted LP-miCDDP. The combination of miR-1284 and CDDP could result in a synergistic anticancer effect on the cervical cancer cells. The IC50 value of CDDP, LP-miCDDP and CD/LP-miCDDP was observed to be 12.4 µg/ml, 7.23 µg/ml and 3.12 µg/ml, respectively. CD/LP-miCDDP exhibited remarkable cell/nuclei rupturing and apoptotic bodies’ formation indicating a severe apoptosis effect in HeLa cancer cells. Flow cytometer analysis showed that CD/LP-miCDDP resulted in maximum apoptosis effect (~60%) compared to CDDP (~20%) or miR-1284 (~12%) treated cells indicating the superior anticancer effect in the cancer cells. Conclusions: Finally, CD/LP-miCDDP significantly prolonged the blood circulation of encapsulated drug in rats with significantly higher AUC (o-t) , t 1/2 and lower CL compared to that of free CDDP. Overall, CD/LP-miCDDP could hold a promising potential in the treatment of cervical cancers.
Impact of omega-3 fatty acid oral therapy on healing of chronic venous leg ulcers in older adults: study protocol for a randomized controlled single-center trial
Authors: McDaniel Jodi , Rausch Jamie , Tan Alai 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background This trial addresses the global problem of chronic venous leg ulcers (CVLUs), wounds that cause significant infirmity for an estimated 9.7 million people annually - mainly older adults with comorbidities. Advanced therapies are needed because standard topical therapies are often ineffective or yield only short-term wound healing. Thus, we are testing a new oral therapy containing the bioactive elements of fish oil, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), for targeting and reducing the high numbers of activated polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) in wound microenvironments that keep CVLUs “trapped” in a chronic inflammatory state.Methods This double-blind RCT will include 248 eligible adults ≥ 55 years of age with CVLUs receiving standard care at a large Midwest outpatient wound clinic. Participants are randomized to 2 groups: 12 weeks of daily oral therapy with EPA+DHA (1.87 g/d of EPA + 1.0 g/d of DHA) or daily oral therapy with placebo. At 0, 4, 8 and 12 weeks, across the 2 groups, we are pursuing three specific aims: Aim 1. Compare levels of EPA+DHA-derived lipid mediators, and inflammatory cytokines in blood and wound fluid; Subaim 1a. Compare inflammatory cytokine gene expression by PMNs in blood; Aim 2. Compare PMN activation in blood and wound fluid, and PMN-derived protease levels in wound fluid; Aim 3. Compare reduction in wound area, controlling for factors known to impact healing, and determine relationships with lipid mediators, cytokines and PMN activation. Subaim 3a. Compare frequency of CVLU recurrence and levels of study variables in blood between randomly assigned 2 subgroups (continuing EPA+DHA therapy versus placebo therapy beyond Week 12) within the EPA+DHA group with healed CVLUs after 3 months of therapy. Subaim 3b. Compare symptoms of pain at all time points and quality of life at first and last time points across the 2 groups and 2 subgroups.Discussion This trial will provide new evidence about the effectiveness of EPA+DHA oral therapy to target and reduce excessive PMN activation systemically and locally in patients with CVLUs. If effective, this therapy may facilitate healing and thus be a new adjunct treatment for CVLUs in the aging population.