bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adverse symptoms during short‐term use of ulipristal acetate in women with uterine myomas and/or adenomyosis
Authors: Hong Yeon Hee , Han Soo Jin , Lee Dayong , Kim Seul Ki , Jee Byung Chul 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAimTo evaluate various adverse symptoms during short‐term use of ulipristal acetate in women with uterine myomas (n = 90), adenomyosis (n = 3) or both (n = 7).MethodsOne hundred premenopausal women who received ulipristal acetate for 4–12 weeks during 2016 to 2017 were selected. The medical records were reviewed and the following information was collected; adverse symptoms during medication, presence of menorrhagia or menstrual cramps, blood hemoglobin and liver function test. Adverse symptoms were recorded in the medical records as a checklist form including 76 specific progestin‐related symptoms.ResultsOverall, the most frequent adverse symptom was amenorrhea (43%), followed by weight gain (29%), fatigue (27%), abdominal discomfort (21%), decreased menstrual flow (19%) and dizziness (18%). In 89 symptomatic women (with heavy menstrual bleeding and/or menstrual cramping pain and/or anemia), the most frequent adverse symptom was weight gain (27%) and fatigue (27%), followed by abdominal discomfort (21%), dry eye (18%), facial flushing (17%), dizziness (17%), headache (17%) and increased vaginal discharge (15%). Fourteen women stopped the medication due to unwanted adverse symptoms. Of this discontinuation group, major complaint was fatigue (50%), followed by weight gain (36%) and breast discomfort (35.7%).ConclusionAdverse symptoms were common and discontinuation rate was somewhat higher during short‐term course of ulipristal acetate. Information about incidence of various adverse symptoms should be given to women who willing to take ulipristal acetate.
Sensory product characterization by consumers using check‐all‐that‐apply questions: Investigations linked to term development using kiwifruit as a case study
Authors: Jaeger Sara R. , Hunter Denise C. , Vidal Leticia , Chheang Sok L. , Ares Gastón , Harker F. Roger 
Published: January 2019

AbstractSensory product characterization is a cornerstone activity in sensory science, and increasingly it is performed by consumers. Check‐all‐that‐apply (CATA) questions are popular for this purpose, and solid guidelines for many aspects of their implementation exist. However, they do not extend to term development. The present research is situated in this gap, and across 11 consumer studies (n = 1,455) the influence of term variations (e.g., “acid” or “acidic”) and CATA list composition was explored. The description of samples and their discrimination was affected by both factors, but particularly the former. The need for terms to be readily understood and related to the vocabulary consumers commonly used for describing the test products was supported. There was some evidence supporting consumers' ability to use specific sensory descriptors, but also instances showing the opposite. Composite terms (e.g., “tangy/sour”) showed potential for providing contextualizing information regarding the focal sensory characteristic, but they were not always beneficial. CATA terms of particular relevance for consumers' sensory perception of kiwifruit were identified, to the benefit of new cultivar development efforts.Practical applicationsCheck‐all‐that‐apply (CATA) questions have become popular for sensory product characterization by consumers. However, better guidance on how to develop CATA terms is needed. This research, using kiwifruit as a case study, demonstrates that the wording of terms matters greatly for consumers' ability to characterize and discriminate between samples. The general guideline to practitioners is to include consumer‐friendly terms that intuitively relate to the focal product category. Terms used by trained assessors may not be applicable to consumers due to specificity, low applicability or apparent incongruence with the product category. Sample characterization and differentiation can also depend on the collective set of terms used in a CATA question.
Paediatric intensive care admissions during the 2015–2016 Queensland human parechovirus outbreak
Authors: McKenna Ronan , Joseph Lindsay , Sargent Philip , May Meryta , Tozer Sarah , Bialasiewicz Seweryn , Heney Claire , Schlapbach Luregn J , Clark Julia E 
Published: January 2019

AimThe human parechovirus (HPeV) has emerged as a pathogen causing sepsis‐like presentations in young infants, but there is a lack of data on HPeV presentations requiring intensive care support. We aimed to characterise the clinical presentation, disease severity, management and outcome of a population‐based cohort of children with microbiologically confirmed HPeV infection requiring admission to paediatric intensive care units (PICUs) in Queensland, Australia during a recent outbreak.MethodsThis was a multicentre retrospective study of children admitted to PICU between 1 January 2015 and 31 December 2016 with confirmed HPeV infection.ResultsThirty infants (median age 20 days) with HPeV genotype 3 were admitted to PICU, representing 16% of all children with HPeV admitted to hospital and 6.4% of non‐elective PICU admissions in children <1 year of age. Children requiring PICU admission were younger than children admitted to hospital (P = 0.001). Apnoea, haemodynamic instability with tachycardia and seizures represented the main reasons for PICU admission. Eleven children (37%) required mechanical ventilation for a median duration of 62 h, 22 (73%) received fluid boluses and 7 (23%) were treated with vasoactive agents for a median duration of 53 h. Median length of stay was 2.62 days. A total of 24 children (80%) fulfilled sepsis criteria, 14 (47%) severe sepsis and 7 (23%) septic shock criteria. Eight (27%) had abnormal brain magnetic resonance imaging. No patient died.ConclusionsWe confirm that HPeV infection is an important cause of sepsis‐like syndrome in infants with substantial associated morbidity. Optimal management and long‐term outcomes require further investigation.
Effects of drought‐stressed temperate forage legumes on the degradation and the rumen microbial community in vitro
Authors: Riede Susanne , Lindig Carola , Abel Hansjörg , Tonn Bettina , Isselstein Johannes , Breves Gerhard 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAccording to climate change scenarios, central Europe may expect extending drought periods during summer. Lower water availability may influence the ruminal digestion of individual forage legume species differently. To test this hypothesis, Lotus corniculatus L. (var. Bull), Medicago lupulina L. (var. Ekola), Medicago falcata L. (wild seeds) and Trifolium repens L. (var. Rivendel) were each grown in parallel lots of control and drought‐stressed monocultures. Rainout shelters (installed in May 2011 on a regrowth after first cut until harvest in mid of June) withheld rainfall of 40 mm in the drought stress treatment. Samples of dried (60°C) and milled (5 mm screen) forage legumes were incubated in a simulation experiment using Rusitec to assess drought effects on parameters for microbial metabolism. Degradability of dry matter and organic matter as well as methane production decreased in incubations with drought‐stressed compared to control variants of legume species. Degradability of crude protein, neutral detergent fibre, acid detergent fibre and residual organic matter including non‐fibre carbohydrates and lipids were affected by interactions between drought stress and species. Significant interactions were also found for ammonia concentrations, molar SCFA proportions and the microbial communities. It is concluded that drought stress for growing forage legumes influences their ruminal degradation and fermentation as well as the ruminal microbial communities of Bacteria and Archaea differently in a legume species‐dependent manner.
Glutamate effects on sucking piglet intestinal morphology and luminal metabolites
Authors: Tan Xian , Zhang Jun , Yang Huansheng , Li Jianzhong , Li Yali , Ding Xueqin , Huang Pengfei , Wang Qiye , Yin Jia , Yin Yulong 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis study was conducted to measure the effects of orally administered glutamate (Glu) on suckling piglet (SP) intestinal morphology and volatile fatty acids (VFA). Forty‐eight newborn piglets with similar initial weights (1.55 ± 0.20 kg) were selected from six sows (eight piglets/sow) and randomly assigned into four groups. There was daily administration of the following: 0.18 g/kg body weight (BW) of sodium chloride (CN group); 0.06 g/kg BW monosodium glutamate (LMG group); 0.50 g/kg BW monosodium glutamate (MMG group); and 1.00 g/kg BW monosodium glutamate (HMG group). Four piglets (one/group) were randomly selected from each sow for tissue sampling at days 7 and 21. MMG group jejunal villus height and crypt depth significantly increased (p < 0.05) compared to the CN group as of days 7 and 21. HMG group jejunal villus height and crypt depth reduced (p < 0.05) compared to the MMG group. LMG group jejunum goblet cell count was greater (p < 0.05) than that of the MMG or HMG groups. MMG and HMG group ileal villus height was greater (p < 0.05) than either CN or LMG groups as of day 7. HMG ileal crypt depth decreased (p < 0.05) compared to LMG and MMG groups. The MMG group had greater (p < 0.05) acetic acid, isobutyric acid, butyric acid and pentanoic acid contents in their caecum than the other groups as of day 21. It also had greater acetic acid, propanoic acid, isobutyric acid, butyric acid and isopentanoic acid contents in the colon than the other groups on day 21. No significant VFA content differences in the caecum or the colon were observed among groups on day 7. These results indicated that oral administration with monosodium glutamate (MSG) at 0.50 g/kg BW/day improved SP intestinal morphology and increased caecal and colonal VFA contents.
Very beyond subjectivity: The limit of accuracy of Q‐Graders
Authors: Pereira Lucas Louzada , Guarçoni Rogério Carvalho , Moreira Taís Rizzo , de Sousa Luiz Henrique Bozzi Pimenta , Cardoso Wilton Soares , Moreli Aldemar Polonini , da Silva Samuel Ferreira , ten Caten Carla Schwengber 
Published: January 2019

AbstractWhen it comes to the sensory analysis of specialty coffees, it is necessary to discuss the protocol of tests of the Specialty Coffee Association (SCA) and the formation of Q‐Graders as reliable parameters in the sensory analysis. However, the training of these Q‐Graders and the use of the SCA protocol has generated discussions in the scientific community and demonstrated the importance of talking about the level of professional precision as well as the use of the protocol. This study sought to understand the relation of accuracy and efficiency of the Q‐Graders and protocol in the sensory analysis of coffees. Three experiments were carried out to evaluate and test the hypotheses regarding the level of precision in relation to the shift, the number of samples and the judgment abilities of Q‐Graders due to the quality of the specialty coffee and nonspecialty coffee. These three experiments were performed by seven Q‐Graders in an isolated environment during three consecutive days with 137 specialty coffee samples and 7 nonspecialty coffee samples as defined by the SCA. The results indicate that the Q‐Graders present high precision when evaluating excellent and outstanding coffees, as defined by the SCA. In addition, the effect of the shift did not exert fatigue on the Q‐Graders. However, evaluation errors were made by the Q‐Graders on very good coffee (77.00–80.00 points), which are considered as nonspecialty by the SCA, thus allowing a more in‐depth discussion on what would be the boundary between a specialty and nonspecialty coffee.Practical applicationsThe article deals with the sensory evaluation process of coffees, and it has great importance to teaching and research institutions in Brazil, the largest producer, largest exporter and the country with the highest concentration of coffee scholars in the world. The article focuses on a new approach and a new way of looking at the sensory evaluation process of coffees, using the methodology of the Specialty Coffee Association to analyze the accuracy and efficiency of the Q‐Graders.
‘Language of lies’: Urgent issues and prospects in verbal lie detection research
Authors: Nahari Galit , Ashkenazi Tzachi , Fisher Ronald P. , Granhag Pär‐Anders , Hershkowitz Irit , Masip Jaume , Meijer Ewout H. , Nisin Zvi , Sarid Nadav , Taylor Paul J. , Verschuere Bruno , Vrij Aldert 
Published: January 2019

Since its introduction into the field of deception detection, the verbal channel has become a rapidly growing area of research. The basic assumption is that liars differ from truth tellers in their verbal behaviour, making it possible to classify them by inspecting their verbal accounts. However, as noted in conferences and in private communication between researchers, the field of verbal lie detection faces several challenges that merit focused attention. The first author therefore proposed a workshop with the mission of promoting solutions for urgent issues in the field. Nine researchers and three practitioners with experience in credibility assessments gathered for 3 days of discussion at Bar‐Ilan University (Israel) in the first international verbal lie detection workshop. The primary session of the workshop took place the morning of the first day. In this session, each of the participants had up to 10 min to deliver a brief message, using just one slide. Researchers were asked to answer the question: ‘In your view, what is the most urgent, unsolved question/issue in verbal lie detection?’ Similarly, practitioners were asked: ‘As a practitioner, what question/issue do you wish verbal lie detection research would address?’ The issues raised served as the basis for the discussions that were held throughout the workshop. The current paper first presents the urgent, unsolved issues raised by the workshop group members in the main session, followed by a message to researchers in the field, designed to deliver the insights, decisions, and conclusions resulting from the discussions.
Stopping immunosuppressive treatment in autoimmune hepatitis (AIH): Is it justified (and in whom and when)?
Authors: Harrison Laura , Gleeson Dermot 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackgroundInitial treatment of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) with prednisolone ± azathioprine is based on randomised controlled trials. Many patients receive long‐term immunosuppressive treatment to prevent disease relapse; this strategy has a weaker evidence base.AimTo consider whether immunosuppressive treatment (IST) withdrawal in AIH is justified and to develop a rationale for patient selection.MethodsWe reviewed published papers between 1972 and 2018, which addressed the outcomes of IST withdrawal and/or complications of IST in AIH.Results(1) AIH relapse rates after withdrawal of IST vary between 25% and 100%. There is heterogeneity in these studies regarding relapse definition, IST duration prior to withdrawal and criteria for biochemical and histological remission prior to withdrawal. (2) Factors associated with relapse following IST withdrawal include: (a) absence of an identifiable initial disease trigger, (b) presence of other autoimmune diseases, (c) longer time to biochemical remission and (d) elevated serum transaminases on treatment withdrawal. Reports of associations between relapse and age, IST duration and failure of histological remission have been inconsistent. (3) Continued IST reduces risk of AIH relapse over at least 5 years. However, there is no evidence that routine (as opposed to selective) long‐term IST improves disease outcome. (4) Patients with AIH have an increased risk of extrahepatic cancer, notably non‐melanoma skin cancer, to which long‐term IST may contribute. Long‐term corticosteroid therapy is associated with weight gain, low‐trauma fractures, diabetes and possibly vascular disease.ConclusionsWhile further studies are needed, evidence supports a strategy of IST withdrawal in some patients with AIH who have achieved remission.
Provision of low‐iron micronutrient powders on alternate days is associated with lower prevalence of anaemia, stunting, and improved motor milestone acquisition in the first year of life: A retrospective cohort study in rural Ethiopia
Authors: Geletu Ashenafi , Lelisa Azeb , Baye Kaleab 
Published: January 2019

AbstractInappropriate complementary feeding contributes to growth faltering, anaemia, and cognitive impairments. Limited programmatic evidence exists on the effectiveness of low‐iron micronutrient powders (MNPs) on anaemia and motor development when provided every other day in the first year of life. This study used an existing demonstration project to evaluate associations between exposure of low‐iron MNPs, anaemia, and motor development of infants in Southern Ethiopia. Using a retrospective cohort design, 200 infants aged 9 to 12 months (98 MNP exposed; 102 unexposed) were recruited, and data on socio‐economic characteristics, anthropometric measures, dietary diversity scores (DDS), haemoglobin concentrations, and motor development acquisition were collected, and MNP exposed and unexposed groups were compared. Logistic regressions were run to identify predictors of acquisition of motor development milestones. Sociodemographic characteristics and dietary diversity scores were similar between MNP exposed and unexposed groups. Provision of low‐iron (6 mg) MNP every other day, for 3 months, was associated with reduced risk of anaemia and stunting and increased achievement of motor development. After adjusting for age, infants exposed to MNPs had a higher likelihood of standing alone (AOR = 3.1; 95% CI [1.53, 6.46]) and walking alone (4.9; 95% CI [2.12, 11.37]) than unexposed ones. Exposure to MNPs, DDS, stunting, and mothers education were associated with acquisition of motor development milestones. Provision of low‐iron dose MNPs on alternate days is associated with lower prevalence of anaemia, stunting, and increased motor development achievements. Integrating routine monitoring of motor development milestones with growth monitoring and anaemia screening can inform nutrition interventions to support optimal brain development.
Deciphering the worldwide invasion of the Asian long‐horned beetle: A recurrent invasion process from the native area together with a bridgehead effect
Authors: Javal Marion , Lombaert Eric , Tsykun Tetyana , Courtin Claudine , Kerdelhué Carole , Prospero Simone , Roques Alain , Roux Géraldine 
Published: January 2019

AbstractRetracing introduction routes is crucial for understanding the evolutionary processes involved in an invasion, as well as for highlighting the invasion history of a species at the global scale. The Asian long‐horned beetle (ALB) Anoplophora glabripennis is a xylophagous pest native to Asia and invasive in North America and Europe. It is responsible for severe losses of urban trees, in both its native and invaded ranges. Based on historical and genetic data, several hypotheses have been formulated concerning its invasion history, including the possibility of multiple introductions from the native zone and secondary dispersal within the invaded areas, but none have been formally tested. In this study, we characterized the genetic structure of ALB in both its native and invaded ranges using microsatellites. In order to test different invasion scenarios, we used an approximate Bayesian “random forest” algorithm together with traditional population genetics approaches. The strong population differentiation observed in the native area was not geographically structured, suggesting complex migration events that were probably human‐mediated. Both native and invasive populations had low genetic diversity, but this characteristic did not prevent the success of the ALB invasions. Our results highlight the complexity of invasion pathways for insect pests. Specifically, our findings indicate that invasive species might be repeatedly introduced from their native range, and they emphasize the importance of multiple, human‐mediated introductions in successful invasions. Finally, our results demonstrate that invasive species can spread across continents following a bridgehead path, in which an invasive population may have acted as a source for another invasion.
Global analysis of lysine succinylome in the periodontal pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis
Authors: Wu Leng , Gong Tao , Zhou Xuedong , Zeng Jumei , Huang Ruijie , Wu Yafei , Li Yuqing 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe gram‐negative anaerobe Porphyromonas gingivalis is not only a keystone periodontal pathogen but also an emerging systemic pathogen. Although the newly discovered protein post‐translational modification (PTM), lysine succinylation (Ksuc), appears to play an important role in modulating metabolic processes in bacteria, this PTM has not been investigated in P gingivalis. In this study, we used a highly sensitive proteomics approach combining affinity enrichment with high‐resolution liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry to examine Ksuc in P gingivalis. In total, 345 Ksuc sites in 233 proteins were identified and determined to be involved in a variety of cellular processes. In the region surrounding Ksuc sites, lysine residues were drastically overrepresented and sequence motifs with succinyl‐lysine flanked by a lysine at the +3 or +6 positions appear to be unique to this pathogen. Additionally, our results suggest a crosstalk between Ksuc and glycosylation, but the overlap between Ksuc and acetylation in P gingivalis is quite different from that observed in other organisms. Notably, Ksuc was observed in proteins associated with established virulence factors, including gingipains, fimbriae, RagB, and PorR. Moreover, products of the factors necessary for P gingivalis in vitro survival (18.5%) were found to be succinylated at lysine sites and the same was observed in products of fitness factors for P gingivalis survival in both abscess and epithelial cell colonization environments (12%). Collectively, these results suggest that Ksuc may be a new mechanism in modulating the virulence, adaptation, and fitness of P gingivalis.