bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Who killed Bambi? The role of predation in the neonatal mortality of temperate ungulates
Authors: Linnell John D. C. , Aanes Ronny , Andersen Reidar 
Published: April 2018

A total of 111 papers and reports, coming from 79 major studies and 19 other studies, on neonatal (first summer) mortality of 10 species of northern, temperate ungulates were reviewed. To avoid biases from indirect techniques only studies on radio‐collared neonates and/or their dams were included, apart from a few notable exceptions. Neonatal mortality rates observed for different studies averaged 47% (68 studies) in environments where predators occurred, with predation accounting for an average of 67% (53 studies) of this mortality. No other single cause of mortality exceeded that of predation, which accounted for 0–100% of the mortality recorded in various studies. In contrast, mortality averaged 19% for studies in environments lacking predators. Other prominent causes of mortality were hypothermia/starvation and accidents. Disease was found to play a small role only. The predator species involved varied greatly between study areas, with both medium sized (bobcatLynx rufus, Canada lynxLynx canadensis, coyoteCanis latransand red foxVulpes vulpes) and large (wolfCanis lupus, mountain lionFelis concolor, black bearUrsus americanaand brown bearUrsus arctos) terrestrial predators preying upon the neonates. Despite the prominent role of predation, little is known about its long‐term compensatory or additive nature, and therefore its impact on population dynamics is unclear. Factors influencing predation rates are poorly understood, although a few studies found significant sex‐biased predation, and effects of weather or juvenile/maternal body condition. Timing of mortality within the first summer varied with the predators involved and the neonatal security strategy of the species, but was not confined to the immediate post‐partum period.
Predation by foxes Vulpes vulpes on brown hares Lepuseuropaeus in central southern England, and its potential impact on annual population growth
Authors: Reynolds Jonathan C. , Tapper Stephen C. 
Published: April 2018

A computer model was used to simulate processes of reproduction, growth and loss occurring during twelve months within a real‐world brown hare Lepus europaeus L. population in a mixed farming area of central southern England. Model parameters representing hare density, and the density and diet of foxes Vulpes vulpes L., were derived from field studies, whereas likely values for other parameters were set on the basis of studies performed elsewhere. Simulations were created to represent a) the hare population on an area of 11 km2 comprising several fox territories; and b) the hare population on individual fox territories. In the larger‐scale simulations (a), the number of hares eaten by foxes easily exceeded their breeding density and amounted to 76–100% of annual production. The hare population could not have withstood more than a very low additional mortality without declining. When fox predation was set to zero, the final density of hares in the model was 3 to 6 times that produced when fox predation occurred. Simulations for individual fox territories (b) suggested that variation in territory size and social group composition of foxes introduced significant local variation within this overall picture. We conclude that the hares eaten by foxes were a substantial loss relative to productivity. This conclusion was robust in the face of estimation errors or changes in underlying assumptions of the model. This study describes the extent of fox predation on hares and its potential impact on hare population growth. Because the degree of compensation between mortality factors was unknown, the study does not show that fox predation per se limited the hare population. Nevertheless, our findings are a necessary adjunct to experimental evidence and population studies which suggest that red foxes play a major role in hare population dynamics in many environments.
Fen Bilimleri Öğretmen Adaylarının Sosyal Medya Bağımlılıklarının İncelenmesi
Authors: GÜL Şeyda , DİKEN Emine Hatun 
Published: April 2018

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Fen Bilimleri öğretmen adaylarının
sosyal medya bağımlılık düzeylerini incelemektir. Aynı zamanda öğretmen
adaylarının bağımlılık düzeylerini cinsiyet ve sınıf düzeyleri açısından
karşılaştırmaktır. Bu amaçla veri
toplamak için Şahin ve Yağcı (2017) tarafından geliştirilen “Sosyal Medya
Bağımlılığı Ölçeği-Yetişkin Formu”ndan yararlanılmıştır. Ölçek Atatürk
Üniversitesi Fen Bilgisi Eğitimi Anabilim Dalı’nda öğrenim gören 189 Fen
Bilimleri öğretmen adayına uygulanmıştır. Verilerin SPSS 20.0 istatistik
programıyla yapılan analizleri sonucu elde edilen bulgular, Fen Bilimleri
öğretmen adaylarının sosyal medya bağımlılıklarının genel olarak orta düzeyde
olduğunu göstermiştir. Ölçeğin geneline ait bulgular alt boyutlar açısından
incelendiğinde, öğretmen adaylarının sanal tolerans alt boyutunda orta, sanal
içerik alt boyutunda ise düşük düzeyde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bulgular,
cinsiyet ve sınıf değişkenleri açısından incelendiğinde ise ölçeğin genelinde
cinsiyet değişkeni açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık olmadığı,
sınıf değişkeni açısından ise anlamlı bir farklılığın olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır.
ANALISIS PENGARUH EKSPOR TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI INDONESIA
Authors: Ginting Ari Mulianta 
Published: April 2018

Ekspor merupakan salah satu faktor terjadinya peningkatan pertumbuhan ekonomi suatu negara, sejalan dengan hipotesis export-led growth (ELG). Penelitian ini menganalisis perkembangan ekspor dan pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia periode kuartal I 2001 sampai dengan kuartal IV 2015. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis deskriptif dalam menggambarkan perkembangan pertumbuhan ekonomi serta ekspor dan analisis kuantitatif metode Error Correction Model (ECM) dalam menganalisis efek jangka panjang dan jangka pendek dari ekspor terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi. Pada periode penelitian, data yang ada menunjukkan bahwa ekspor dan pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia sama-sama mengalami peningkatan. Hasil regresi ECM menunjukkan bahwa ekspor memiliki pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan secara statistik terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia, yang mendukung hipotesis bahwa ELG berlaku untuk Indonesia. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, maka untuk mendorong pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia diperlukan peningkatan kinerja ekspor Indonesia. Peningkatan kinerja ekspor Indonesia dapat dilakukan dengan berbagai cara, salah satunya adalah dengan perbaikan sistem administrasi ekspor, peningkatan riset dan pengembangan produk Indonesia, peningkatan sarana dan prasarana infrastruktur, stabilitas nilai tukar dan perluasan pasar non tradisional, termasuk perbaikan struktur ekspor komoditas. Export is one of the factors behind the economic growth which is in line with the export-led growth hypotesis (ELG). This research analyzes the relationship between economic growth and export of Indonesia during first quarter of 2001 until fourth quarter of 2015. It employs descriptive analysis to describe export movement and economic growth during the study period and ECM model to analyze the long run and the short run effects of export on the economic growth. The available information indicated that, during the study period, both export and economic growth showed similar increasing trends. The result of the ECM model revealed that export had a positive and statistically significant relationship with the economic growth, supporting the hypotesis of ELG in Indonesia. Hence, to accelerate economic growth, efforts are required to boost the export performance in Indonesia. The Export performance can be increased by several way, such as improving the export administration system, increasing the research and development of Indonesian products, improving the facilities and infrastructure, exchange rate stability and the non-tradisional markets expansion, and including improvement of the export commodity structure.
ANALISIS MODA ENTRI PENYEDIA JASA RITEL INDONESIA KE ASEAN: STUDI KASUS PADA ALFAMART
Authors: Fawaiq Muhammad 
Published: April 2018

Studi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis moda entri jasa ritel Indonesia ke negara-negara ASEAN sesuai dengan komitmen setiap negara di AFAS Paket 8. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif dan indeks Hoekman. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa Alfamart masuk ke pasar jasa ritel Filipina tanpa memanfaatkan kerjasama AFAS. Hal ini disebabkan Filipina masih menutup jasa ritelnya pada kerjasama tersebut. Moda entri yang digunakan Alfamart untuk masuk ke Filipina adalah waralaba. Suksesnya Alfamart menjadi tolak ukur untuk mengembangkan alternatif moda entri ke negara-negara ASEAN lainnya sesuai dengan hasil pemetaan peluang akses pasar di AFAS Paket 8. Moda Entri yang diusulkan tersebut yaitu: a) Waralaba untuk negara yang belum terbuka (indeks Hoekman 0) yaitu Brunei Darussalam dan Laos, b) Usaha patungan pada negara-negara yang membuka akses pasar dengan pembatasan (indeks Hoekman 0,5) yaitu Malaysia dan Myanmar, dan c) Kepemilikan saham penuh pada negara-negara yang membuka akses pasar tanpa pembatasan (indeks Hoekman 1) yaitu Vietnam, Kamboja, Singapura dan Thailand. Faktor kunci suksesnya ekspor jasa ritel dalam kasus ini adalah mitra bisnis lokal yang membeli master franchise. Untuk itu, pemerintah dapat berperan dalam promosi dan misi dagang ke luar negeri untuk menarik mitra bisnis. The aim of this study is to analyze the mode of entry of Indonesia’s retail supplier into ASEAN countries in accordance with the commitment of each country in AFAS Package 8. The methods deployed in this study are the Hoekman Index and descriptive analysis. The study results show that Alfamart has entered into the Philippine market retail services without utilizing AFAS cooperation. This is due to Philippines’s policy that still close its retail services market on such cooperation. The mode of entry used by Alfamart is franchise service. The success of Alfamart can be a benchmark to develop alternative modes of entry into other ASEAN countries in accordance with market access opportunities mapping of AFAS package 8. The alternatives of entry modes proposed in this study are: a) franchise for countries that does not have open access yet (indeks Hoekman 0) such as Brunei Darussalam and Laos, b) joint ventures in countries which have limited open access (indeks Hoekman 0.5) such as Malaysia and Myanmar , c) and wholly owned subsidiary in countries with full access into the market without restrictions (indeks Hoekman 1) such as Vietnam, Cambodia, Singapore and Thailand. A key factor which contributes to the success of retail service exports is local business partners who purchases master franchise. For that, the government can play a decisive role in promoting trade missions abroad to attract business partners.
FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI DAN ESTIMASI TARIF EKUIVALEN NTBs EKSPOR KAYU LAPIS INDONESIA
Authors: Sari Kartika Rahma , Widyastutik Widyastutik 
Published: April 2018

Studi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi ekspor kayu lapis dengan menggunakan Gravity Model, dan menghitung Nilai Tarif Ekuivalen dari Non Tariff Barriers (NTBs) kayu lapis Indonesia di negara tujuan. Berdasarkan pendekatan Gravity Model (Model Gravitasi), aliran perdagangan potensial diperoleh dengan melakukan subtitusi seluruh data kedalam persamaan gravity. Fitted trade flow dari persamaan gravity model dianggap sebagai aliran perdagangan potensial. Perbedaan antara aliran perdagangan aktual dan potensial diindikasikan sebagai tarif ekuivalen dari NTBs. Hasil estimasi menunjukkan faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap ekspor kayu lapis Indonesia yaitu Gross Domestic Product (GDP) riil Indonesia dan negara tujuan, Indek Harga Konsumen (IHK) Indonesia dan negara tujuan, jarak ekonomi, nilai tukar dan krisis keuangan tahun 2010. Hasil perhitungan menunjukkan negara Uni Eropa seperti Inggris dan Belgia memiliki rata-rata tarif ekuivalen NTBs paling besar. Sistem Verifikasi Legalitas Kayu (SVLK) untuk legalitas produk kayu dapat dijadikan sebagai strategi untuk menghadapi NTBs yang ada di negara tujuan ekspor. This study sets out to analyze factors that influence plywood exports utilizing the Gravity Model and assess the equivalent tariff value of Non Trade Barriers plywood on destination countries. Based on the Gravity Model approach, a potential of flow of trade is obtained through substituting the whole data into gravity equation. Fitted trade flow from the Gravity Model equation is considered as a potential trade flow. The difference between actual and potential trade flow is indicated by the NTB equivalent tariff. The result shows factors that are influential on plywood exports notably the GDPs of Indonesia and destination countries, Consumer Index Price in Indonesia and destination countries, economic distance, exchange value and economic crisis in 2010. In addition, European Union such as England and Belgium have the highest average for NTB equivalent tariff. Verification System of Plywood legality is one alternative that can be deployed as a strategy when confronting NTB on destination countries.
DAMPAK KEBIJAKAN KEMASAN ROKOK SINGAPURA TERHADAP EKSPOR ROKOK INDONESIA
Authors: Alhayat Aditya Paramita 
Published: April 2018

Pemerintah Singapura telah melakukan beragam kebijakan pengendalian tembakau (tobacco control) untuk menekan jumlah perokok. Singapura termasuk salah satu negara di dunia yang menerapkan regulasi ketat dalam pengendalian produk tembakau. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperkirakan dampak penerapan kebijakan kemasan rokok Singapura terhadap ekspor rokok Indonesia. Kebijakan tersebut diasumsikan memiliki dampak sebagaimana kebijakan pengendalian konsumsi tembakau non-harga pada umumnya meskipun kebijakan tersebut belum diimplementasikan. Metode yang digunakan berupa analisis deskriptif yang dilengkapi dengan analisis ekonometri menggunakan Two-Stage Least Squares (2SLS) dengan sampel Triwulan III-2006 hingga Triwulan IV-2014. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa ekspor rokok Indonesia lebih dipengaruhi oleh re-ekspor Singapura dibandingkan dengan konsumsi domestiknya. Selain itu, kebijakan pengendalian tembakau non-harga secara statistik tidak berpengaruh terhadap konsumsi rokok di Singapura. Oleh sebab itu, Indonesia tidak perlu khawatir dengan rencana kebijakan kemasan rokok yang akan diterapkan. Pemerintah Indonesia harus aktif melakukan negosiasi apabila Singapura benar-benar menerapkan kebijakan kemasan rokok dalam rangka mendapatkan kompensasi perdagangan atas kebijakan tersebut. The government of Singapore has implemented various tobacco control policies to reduce the number of smoker. Singapore is one of the countries in the world that implemented a tight regulation to control tobacco products. This study aims to estimate the potential impacts of Singapore’s cigarette plain packaging policy on the Indonesian cigarettes exports. As this policy is not yet implemented, it is assumed that the policy will have the same impacts as the common tobacco control policy, especially for the non-price policy. The study used descriptive analysis supported by econometrics analysis using Two-Stage Least Squares method (2SLS) using quarterly data from III-2006 to IV-2014. The results showed that the Indonesian cigarettes export is much more influenced by the Singapore’s re-exports rather than by the domestic consumption. Moreover, the non-price tobacco control policies do not have statistically significant effect on the cigarette consumption in Singapore. Therefore, Indonesia should not be worried about the possible implementation of the plain packaging policy. Indonesian government must actively negotiate if Singapore finally implements the plain packaging policy to get a compensation trade from this policy.
INTEGRASI HARGA DAGING SAPI DI PASAR DOMESTIK DAN INTERNASIONAL
Authors: Zainuddin Ahmad , Asmarantaka Ratna Winandi , Harianto Harianto 
Published: April 2018

Permintaan daging sapi di Indonesia yang terus meningkat menyebabkan kesenjangan antara produksi dan konsumsi semakin melebar. Kelebihan permintaan tersebut dipenuhi oleh daging sapi impor yang menyebabkan harga daging sapi domestik mengikuti pergerakan harga daging sapi impor. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis integrasi pasar daging sapi Indonesia dan dunia (respon harga daging sapi domestik terhadap perubahan harga internasional/dunia). Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder berupa data bulanan harga retail daging sapi di Indonesia dan harga daging sapi internasional (periode 2009-2013). Analisis data menggunakan model Vector Error Correction Model (VECM). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terjadi integrasi antara harga daging sapi di pasar domestik dan dunia dalam jangka panjang dan jangka pendek. Hal ini berimplikasi terhadap stabilitas harga daging sapi Indonesia tergantung pada harga daging sapi di pasar dunia. Oleh karena itu, pemerintah melalui Kementerian Perdagangan perlu menerapkan kebijakan stabilitas harga daging sapi agar konsumen dapat menjangkau harga daging sapi yang terus meningkat serta produsen juga tidak dirugikan. The increasing demand of beef in Indonesia has broadened the gaps between production and consumption. This excess demand is solved by importing beef which consequently makes the price of domestic beef follows the imported ones. This research aims to analyze the integration of beef market in Indonesia compared to the world market (as a response of domestic beef prices against the international/world price changes). The study used secondary data including the monthly retail price of beef in Indonesia and international beef prices during 2009-2013. Data analysis used was Vector Error Correction Model (VECM). The result shows that there is price integration between domestic beef market and the world market in the long and short run. It gives an implication to the stability of Indonesian beef price which depends heavily on the world market’s price. It is necessary that the government through the Ministry of Trade implement a policy of beef price stability so that the consumers will be able to purchase beef even the price keeps increasing and the producers will not lose the market.
Biometria de sementes de Byrsonima verbascifolia (L.) DC. provenientes da região semiárida da Bahia
Authors: Jesus Janisson Batista de , Nascimento Júnior José Monteiro do , Gama Dráuzio Correia , Oliveira Alisson Marcel Souza de 
Published: April 2018

Os estudos em sementes florestais, especificamente de biometria, são essenciais para o conhecimento das espécies e podem ter aplicação para a conservação, produção de mudas, reflorestamento e melhoramento genético. O objetivo do presente estudo foi realizar a caracterização biométrica de sementes de Byrsonima verbascifolia procedentes do município de Euclides da Cunha, região do semiárido do estado da Bahia. As sementes foram obtidas de diferentes matrizes no município de Euclides da Cunha, Bahia, sendo obtidos os valores de comprimento, largura e espessura (cm), peso (g), peso de mil sementes (g) e número de sementes por kg. Observou-se a média de 0,83 cm de comprimento, 0,9 cm de largura, 0,88 cm de espessura, e massa específica de 0,66 g, peso de mil sementes de 335,47 g e 2.981,26 sementes por kg. O estudo permitiu caracterizar biometricamente as sementes de Byrsonima verbascifolia, contribuindo para o conhecimento e a divulgação da espécie que é de ocorrência da região semiárida do estado da Bahia, servindo de base para ampliar novos estudos científicos.
ANALYSIS OF ANNUAL ENERGY REQUIREMENT OF A RESIDENTIAL HOUSE WITH TS825 AND ASHRAE HEAT BALANCE METHODS
Authors: YAMAN Kaan , ARSLAN Gökhan 
Published: April 2018

Energy efficiency in buildings is an important up-to-date topic. For that reason, accurate calculation of heating and cooling loads is essential. In this study, heating and cooling loads of a residential house were determined by using national standards for different climatic zones Mersin, İstanbul, Ankara, Erzincan, and Erzurum. Calculations were performed by using the TS825 method that is based on national mandatory heat insulation standard TS825 and EnergyPlus software that is based on heat balance method. Heating loads obtained from simulations were compared on the monthly and annual basis. The absolute deviation between methods results was obtained in the range of 1.9 % to 39.5 %. The highest deviation was in Mersin where represents the 1st region and the lowest deviation was in Ankara where represents the 3rd region. Since TS825 method has not feature to simulate cooling load, annual cooling load calculated by using EnergyPlus software was 128.2 kWh/m2y for Mersin, 70.7 kWh/m2y for Istanbul, 44.9 kWh/m2y for Ankara, 49.0 kWh/m2y for Erzincan and 26.7 kWh/m2y for Erzurum. Insufficiency of the TS825 method was examined in detail.
First Principles Study of Electronic and Optical Properties of Pristine and X (Cu, Ag And Au) Doped BiOBr
Authors: Paudel Samir , Adhikari Puspa Raj , Upadhyay Om Prakash , Kaphle Gopi Chandra , Srivastava Anurag 
Published: April 2018

The electronic structures and optical properties of pristine BiOBr and Cu, Ag and Au doped BiOBr have been analyzed by using a standard density functional theory based ab-initio approach employing generalized gradient approximation through revised Perdew Burke Ernzerhoff type parameterization. The calculation shows that both the doped and pristine BiOBr have indirect band gap, the band gap of the pristine BiOBr found 2.22eV, whereas band gap significantly reduced after doping Cu, Ag and Au on BiOBr. The band gap of Cu, Ag and Au doped BiOBr are 1.2eV, 0.9eV and 1.76eV respectively. The optical properties have been studied through dielectric function, both pure and doped BiOBr shows anisotropic nature. Journal of Institute of Science and TechnologyVolume 22, Issue 2, January 2018, page: 63-69
Characterization of Ag:Zno Thin Films and Their Use in Photoelectrocatalytic Degradation Of Methylene Blue (Mb)
Authors: Karki Bhishma , Nakarmi Jeevan Jyoti , Singh Rhiddi Bir , Banerjee Manish 
Published: April 2018

The synthesis of functional nano-particles via spray pyrolysis technique (SPT), especially those of catalytic nature, has attracted the interests of scientists and engineers, as well as industries. The rapid and high temperature continuous synthesis yields nano-particles with intrinsic features of active catalysts, that is, high surface area and surface energetic. For these reasons, SPT finds applications in various thermally inducible catalytic reactions. However, the design and synthesis of photocatalysts by SPT requires a knowledge set which is different from that established for thermal catalysts. Unknown to many, this has resulted in frustrations to those entering the field unprepared, especially since SPT appears to be an elegant tool in synthesizing oxide nano-particles of any elemental construct. From simple oxide to doped-oxide, and mixed metal oxide to the in situ deposition of noble metals, this Perspective gives an overview on the development of photocatalysts made by SPT in the last decade that led to a better understanding of the design criteria. Various challenges and opportunities are also highlighted; especially those beyond simple metal oxides, which perhaps contain the greatest potential for the exploitation of photocatalysts design by SPT. Journal of Institute of Science and TechnologyVolume 22, Issue 2, January 2018, Page: 109-116