bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding the gyroscope sensor: a quick guide to teaching rotation movements using a smartphone
Authors: de Jesus V L B , Pérez C A C , de Oliveira A L , Sasaki D G G 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Currently, the number of smartphones with an embedded gyroscope sensor has been increasing due games whose performance relies on 3D augmented reality. In general, teaching papers on the gyroscope sensor address very simple spatial configuration, where the fixed rotation axis coincides to the z-axis of the smartphone. This work presents five experimental setups with different spatial orientations of a smartphone on a turntable. The total angular velocity vector of the turntable is constant, but its projections on the three fixed Cartesian axes of the smartphone varies for the five spatial orientations investigated. For the sake of consistency, the magnitude of the vector sum of the three angular velocities components yielded by the gyroscope sensor was checked by video analysis using the free software, Tracker. The internal consistency between the results provided by this video analysis technique and data from the gyroscope assures us this sensor is reliable for teaching proposals. The main goals of this paper are (i) encourage teachers to effectively incorporate the gyroscope sensor of smartphones in to their classrooms, especially in high schools and undergraduate physics and engineering courses; (ii) spread in the academic syllabus the Tait–Bryan convention, a very intuitive way to perform 3D rotations and; (iii) explain how to interpret data of the three components of angular velocity obtained by the gyroscope sensor in different spatial orientations.
Public and teacher response to Einsteinian physics in schools
Authors: Foppoli Alexander , Choudhary Rahul , Blair David , Kaur Tejinder , Moschilla John , Zadnik Marjan 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Einsteinian physics represents a distinct paradigm shift compared to Newtonian physics. There is worldwide interest in introducing Einsteinian physics concepts early in school curriculum and trials have demonstrated that this is feasible. However introducing Einsteinian concepts from an early age requires more than suitable curriculum and teaching resources—it also requires teacher training and public support. This paper describes a pilot study used in an attempt to gauge public and teacher support. This entailed giving teachers, who included the entire staff of a primary school, and self-selected family groups an in-depth understanding of proposed curriculum content through public outreach and professional development workshops. We assessed their attitudes through questionnaires. Comments and opinions from the public were also collected from online resources. Results show overwhelming support from both teachers and the public. We assessed attitudes of children as well as adults and obtained opinions regarding the appropriate age at which to begin to introduce Einsteinian concepts.
Is Histological Evaluation of Reduction Mammaplasty Specimens Worthwhile?
Authors: Demirdover Cenk , Geyik Alper , Vayvada Haluk , Menderes Adnan 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Background
Reduction mammaplasty (RM) is one of the most common plastic surgery procedures. Despite its cost, the total number of RM procedures continues to increase every year.

Objectives
The purpose of this study is to review the prevalence of benign and malignant breast lesions among women who live in the Aegean region of Turkey, based on our university hospital’s records and to compare our results with those in the literature.

Methods
Seven hundred and thirty-three consecutive female patients who underwent RM between January 2003 and January 2017 in the Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery were included in this study.

Results
One hundred and sixty-five patients (23.4%) had preoperative breast imaging results. According to the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BIRADS), most of these patients had BI-RADS-2 and BIRADS-1 findings (41.21% and 40%, respectively). Fibrocystic changes were the most common lesions (81.3%). Sixty-eight patients (9.6%) had normal breast tissue on the right side and 34 patients (4.8%) had the same on the left side. Five patients (0.71%) had atypical ductal hyperplasia and no atypical lobular carcinoma. Four patients (0.56%) had occult breast cancer and one patient (0.14%) had benign phyllodes tumor.

Conclusions
RM is a good opportunity to detect proliferative lesions and occult breast cancer. While meeting the patient’s aesthetic desires, the plastic surgeon should consider for histopathological evaluation. We suggest that every part of the breast tissue should be sent to pathological examination regardless of the weight of the specimen. Even if health insurance does not cover its cost, patients should be informed about the importance of this process.

Level of Evidence: 4
Non-invasive imaging of the coronary arteries
Authors: Adamson Philip D , Newby David E 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Non-invasive imaging of the coronary arteries is an enterprise in rapid development. From the research perspective, there is great demand for in vivo techniques that can reliably identify features of high-risk plaque that may offer insight into pathophysiological processes and act as surrogate indicators of response to therapeutic intervention. Meanwhile, there is clear clinical need for greater accuracy in diagnosis and prognostic stratification. Fortunately, ongoing technological improvements and emerging data from randomized clinical trials are helping make these elusive goals a reality. This review provides an update on the current status of non-invasive coronary imaging with computed tomography, magnetic resonance, and positron emission tomography with a focus on current clinical applications and future research directions.
Xenotransplantation: Progress Along Paths Uncertain from Models to Application
Authors: Platt Jeffrey L , Cascalho Marilia , Piedrahita Jorge A 
Published: October 2018

AbstractFor more than a century, transplantation of tissues and organs from animals into man, xenotransplantation, has been viewed as a potential way to treat disease. Ironically, interest in xenotransplantation was fueled especially by successful application of allotransplantation, that is, transplantation of human tissue and organs, as a treatment for a variety of diseases, especially organ failure because scarcity of human tissues limited allotransplantation to a fraction of those who could benefit. In principle, use of animals such as pigs as a source of transplants would allow transplantation to exert a vastly greater impact than allotransplantation on medicine and public health. However, biological barriers to xenotransplantation, including immunity of the recipient, incompatibility of biological systems, and transmission of novel infectious agents, are believed to exceed the barriers to allotransplantation and presently to hinder clinical applications. One way potentially to address the barriers to xenotransplantation is by genetic engineering animal sources. The last 2 decades have brought progressive advances in approaches that can be applied to genetic modification of large animals. Application of these approaches to genetic engineering of pigs has contributed to dramatic improvement in the outcome of experimental xenografts in nonhuman primates and have encouraged the development of a new type of xenograft, a reverse xenograft, in which human stem cells are introduced into pigs under conditions that support differentiation and expansion into functional tissues and potentially organs. These advances make it appropriate to consider the potential limitation of genetic engineering and of current models for advancing the clinical applications of xenotransplantation and reverse xenotransplantation.
COMT and Alpha-Tocopherol Effects in Cancer Prevention: Gene-Supplement Interactions in Two Randomized Clinical Trials
Authors: Hall Kathryn T , Buring Julie E , Mukamal Kenneth J , Vinayaga Moorthy M , Wayne Peter M , Kaptchuk Ted J , Battinelli Elisabeth M , Ridker Paul M , Sesso Howard D , Weinstein Stephanie J , Albanes Demetrius , Cook Nancy R , Chasman Daniel I 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBackgroundVitamins are among the most frequently used supplements (48% of US adults). However, little is known about contributions of genetic variation to their efficacy and safety. Multiple pathways link catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) to the vitamin E supplement, alpha-tocopherol, and cancer.MethodsHere we determined if COMT exerted pharmacogenetic effects on cancer prevention in two randomized trials of alpha-tocopherol supplementation. Pharmacogenetic effects of common COMT rs4680 (val158met), which encodes a nonsynonymous valine-to-methionine substitution, were examined in the trial plus a 10-year post-trial follow-up (overall) period of The Women’s Genome Health Study (WGHS, N = 23 294), a 10-year alpha-tocopherol and aspirin trial with 10 years post-trial follow-up. Results were validated in a case/control (N = 2396/2235) subset of the Alpha-Tocopherol Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention Study (ATBC, N = 29 133). The primary outcome was total cancers. Rates of cancer types prevalent in women (colorectal, breast, lung, uterine, and lymphoma/leukemia) were also examined. All statistical tests were two-sided.ResultsRandom-effects meta-analysis of rs4680 genotype strata, in WGHS and ATBC overall periods, revealed differential alpha-tocopherol effects compared with placebo: met/met (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.88; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.80 to 0.97; P = .01), val/met (HR = 0.99; 95% CI = 0.92 to 1.06; P = .74), and val/val (HR = 1.18; 95% CI = 1.06 to 1.31; P = .002) with a statistically significant COMT by alpha-tocopherol interaction (Pinteraction <.001). Timing of effects differed, with stronger effects in WGHS trial and ATBC post-trial.ConclusionPharmacogenetic analysis of COMT and cancer prevention in two large randomized trials revealed statistically significant COMT by alpha-tocopherol interaction, such that alpha-tocopherol was beneficial among rs4680 met-allele (28.0%), but not val-allele (22.8%) homozygotes. These effects indicate the need for additional studies of genetic variation as a determinant of the benefits and possible harms of over-the-counter supplements, like alpha-tocopherol, used for health promotion.
Towards an informed quest for accretion disc winds in quasars: the intriguing case of Ton 28
Authors: Nardini E , Lusso E , Bisogni S 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT
We report on the detection of a blueshifted Fe K absorption feature in two consecutive XMM–Newton  observations of the luminous blue quasar Ton 28, at the 4σ cumulative significance. The rest energy of 9.2 keV implies the presence of an accretion disc wind with bulk outflow velocity of ∼0.28c, while the kinetic power is most likely a few per cent of the quasar luminosity. Remarkably, Ton 28 had been specifically selected as an optimal target to reveal an ultra-fast X-ray wind based on its total luminosity (Lbol &gt; 1046 erg s−1) and [O iii] λ5007 Å equivalent width (EW &lt; 6 Å), suggestive of high accretion rate and low inclination, respectively. Other peculiar optical/UV emission-line properties include narrow Hβ, strong Fe ii, and blueshifted C iv . These are key parameters in the Eigenvector 1 formalism, and are frequently found in active galaxies with ongoing accretion disc winds, hinting at a common physical explanation. Provided that the effectiveness of our selection method is confirmed with similar sources, this result could represent the first step towards the characterization of black hole winds through multiwavelength indicators in the absence of high-quality X-ray spectra.
Categorical Exclusions: How Racialized Gender Regulation Reproduces Reentry Hardship
Authors: Greene Joss T 
Published: October 2018

AbstractSince gender organizes key reentry services such as housing, formerly incarcerated people seeking resources must successfully inhabit a gender category. Drawing on seven months of ethnography and 79 interviews with service providers and formerly incarcerated transgender people, I show that these organizational practices of gender categorization are racialized and impact resource access. Most gender-segregated housing programs rely on biology-based definitions of gender. These gender rules create workable options for trans men to stay with women, but bar trans women from women’s spaces. Once in gendered housing programs, clients need to navigate gender assessment in interactions. Trans men employed several strategies to establish gendered selves who were easily categorized as either male or female, which allowed them to access stable housing. Gender sanctioning posed a major problem for black trans women. Black trans women were highly scrutinized in women’s programs, characterized as illegitimate based on biological definitions of gender, and harassed for any perceived deviation from gender norms. When harassment escalated into conflict, they were expelled from programs. Regulation of black trans women’s womanhood led to systematic material deprivation. By understanding the connections between categorical exclusions and exclusion from resources we can better understand the reproduction of reentry hardship and inequality more broadly.
Acute Phase Response in Critically Ill Elderly Burn Patients
Authors: Rehou Sarah , Shahrokhi Shahriar , Thai Joanne , Stanojcic Mile , Jeschke Marc G. 
Published: October 2018

Objectives:
Survival of elderly burn patients remains unacceptably poor. The acute phase, defined as the first 96 hours after burn, includes the resuscitation period and influences subsequent outcomes and survival. The aim of this study was to determine if the acute phase response post burn injury is significantly different in elderly patients compared with adult patients and to identify elements contributing to adverse outcomes.

Design:
Cohort study.

Setting:
Tertiary burn center.

Patients:
Adult (< 65 yr old) and elderly (≥ 65 yr old) patients with an acute burn injury.

Interventions:
None.

Measurements and Main Results:
We included all patients with an acute burn injury greater than or equal to 20% total body surface area to our burn center from 2011 to 2016. Clinical and laboratory measures during the acute phase were compared between adult and elderly patients. Outcomes included clinical hemodynamic measurements, organ biomarkers, volume of fluid resuscitation, cardiac agents, and the inflammatory cytokine response in plasma. Data were analyzed using the Student t test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Fisher exact test. A total of 149 patients were included, with 126 adults and 23 elderly. Injury severity was not significantly different among adult and elderly patients. Elderly had significantly lower heart rates (p < 0.05), cardiac index (p < 0.05), mean arterial pressure (p < 0.05), Pao
2/Fio
2 (p < 0.05), and pH (p < 0.05), along with higher lactate (p < 0.05). Organ biomarkers, particularly creatinine and blood urea nitrogen, showed distinct differences between adults and elderly (p < 0.05). Elderly had significantly lower levels of interleukin-6, monocyte chemotactic protein-1, monocyte chemotactic protein-3, and granulocyte-colony stimulating factor during the acute phase (p < 0.05). Overall mortality was significantly higher in elderly patients (5% vs 52%; p < 0.0001).

Conclusions:
Response to the burn injury during the acute phase response after burn is substantially different between elderly and adult burn patients and is characterized by cardiac depression and hypoinflammation.
Environment-Friendly Practices in Operating Rooms in Turkey
Authors: CANDAN DÖNMEZ Yelda , ASLAN Arzu , YAVUZ VAN GIERSBERGEN Meryem 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT

Background:
Environment-friendly practices refer to decreasing energy consumption, using resources carefully and sustainably, and reducing environmental pollution. An environment-friendly hospital is defined as a hospital where energy is saved, carbon emissions are decreased, and productivity and quality are increased. Operating rooms (ORs) account for most wastes generated daily by hospitals. Thus, adopting environment-friendly healthcare practices in ORs will have a positive impact on the environment.

Purpose:
The aim of this study was to identify and recommend environment-friendly practices that are feasible for implementation in ORs in Turkey.

Methods:
Data on the environment-friendly practices that are currently being practiced in the ORs of hospitals in Izmir Province were collected using face-to-face interviews with nurses who were in charge of ORs in Izmir Province. The interviews were conducted using an OR identification form and Greening the OR Checklist. The study population included all of the hospitals in Izmir Province, and the study sample included 18 ORs in the 11 hospitals that consented to take part in the research. Permission to conduct this research was obtained from the ethics committee of the nursing school as well as from the participating hospitals where the study was conducted.

Results:
The hospitals included in the study had, on average, 7.44 ± 7.32 ORs, each of which employed an average of 16.83 ± 17.16 nurses. Four fifths (83.3%) of the ORs always monitored their wastes, and 88.9% gave their batteries to recyclers. In addition, 72.2% renewed their surgical sets to reduce excessive use of materials, and 72.2% preferred using reusable materials instead of single-use materials in their surgical sets. However, 66.7% of the ORs had no environmental team, 93% did not use an environmentally safe surface cleaner, 83.3% did not use sensor controls on lights, and 66.7% did not use LED lights.

Conclusions:
Although most hospitals did not have a special team to recommend and enforce environment-friendly procedures, the OR nurses did their best to protect the environment.
Impact of Orthotic Prescription in Pediatric Partial Foot Amputation: A Case Study
Authors: Young Joshua 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT

Introduction
There is little information available on outcomes after prosthetic/orthotic management in partial foot amputation (PFA) in children.

Methods
This case study evaluates walking speed, community activity level, and physical function in a child with bilateral PFA after a change from an orthosis finishing distal to the ankle to one finishing proximal to the ankle. Outcome measures used were walking speed (10-meter walk test), the Gillette Functional Assessment Questionnaire (GFAQ), and the Oxford Ankle Foot Questionnaire for Children (OxAFQ-C) physical domain.

Results
At 3-month review GFAQ level increased by 3, OxAFQ-C physical domain increased 50 percentage points, and self-selected velocity increased 0.25 m/s.

Conclusions
This case study suggests that improvements in walking speed, community activity level, and physical function are possible in children with bilateral PFA when changing to orthoses, which compensate for mechanical deficits caused by the reduced lever arm of the foot.
Implications of Increased Trait Impulsivity on Psychopathology and Experienced Stress in the Victims of Early Trauma With Suicidality
Authors: Park C. Hyung Keun , Lee Jae Won , Lee Sang Yeol , Shim Se-Hoon , Moon Jung-Joon , Paik Jong-Woo , Cho Seong-Jin , Kim Shin Gyeom , Kim Min-Hyuk , Kim Seokho , Park Jae-Hyun , You Sungeun , Jeon Hong Jin , Ahn Yong Min 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
There is a paucity of research characterizing suicide-related factors in victims of early trauma (ET). This cross-sectional study investigated an increase in trait impulsivity of ET victims with suicidal ideation or behavior and its role in severity of psychopathologies and experienced stress. Using data of 401 Korean suicidal ideators and attempters, trait impulsivity, severity of psychopathologies, and stress levels in addition to sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were compared between the ET group and the no ET group. Three first-order factors of trait impulsivity measured in Barratt Impulsive Scale-11 (cognitive instability, motor, and [lack of] perseverance) as well as depression, anxiety, overall stress level, and stress from social relationships were significantly elevated in the ET group. Owing to the long-lasting neurobiological influences of ET, it is recommended clinically that victims be carefully monitored for the development of mental distress, such as depression and anxiety, even in adulthood.
Dissociation Mediates the Relationship Between Childhood Trauma and Experiences of Seeing Visions in a French Sample
Authors: Bortolon Catherine , Raffard Stéphane 
Published: October 2018

AbstractRecent research has supported the mediating role of dissociation in the relationship between childhood trauma (CT) and voice hearing in clinical and nonclinical populations. However, this mediating role has not yet been explored with regard to seeing visions (visual hallucinations). This study aimed to explore the mediating effect of dissociation on the relationship between CT and seeing visions. In total, 425 voluntary participants recruited from the general population completed an online survey evaluating CT, dissociative experiences, and the experience of hearing voices and seeing things. The findings showed that defensive dissociation mediated the association between CT and the experience of seeing visions. A similar model in terms of pathways and the model's predictive accuracy was found for hearing voices. Therefore, seeing visions may partly reflect dissociated traumatic events intruding into consciousness. Trauma-based interventions for seeing visions may be beneficial in improving distress associated with these experiences.
Certified Peer Specialists and Older Adults With Serious Mental Illness' Perspectives of the Impact of a Peer-Delivered and Technology-Supported Self-Management Intervention
Authors: Fortuna Karen L. , Storm Marianne , Naslund John A. , Chow Philip , Aschbrenner Kelly A. , Lohman Matthew C. , Bartels Stephen J. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
We explored the perspectives of certified peer specialists and older adults with serious mental illness on the impact of a peer-delivered medical and psychiatric self-management intervention, “PeerTECH.” Transcripts from interviews with consumers with serious mental illness and a focus group with certified peer specialists who were engaged in PeerTECH were analyzed. Consumer participants (n = 8) had a mean age of 68.8 years (SD = 4.9) and included individuals diagnosed with major depressive disorder (five people), schizophrenia spectrum disorders (two people), and bipolar disorder (one person). Certified peer specialists (n = 3) were aged 55 years or more. Themes included internal and external forces of accountability, confidence, internal and external locus of hope, human bonding, and peer support. This exploratory qualitative study found that human support from peers can potentially influence health behavioral change in a combined peer and technology-based medical and psychiatric illness self-management intervention.