bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The PDO and PGI Table Olives of Spain
Authors: Concepción Romero , García Pedro , Medina Eduardo , Brenes Manuel 
Published: September 2018

This article gives an overview of the current use of the European system of protected designation of origin (PDO) and protected geographical indication (PGI) for Spanish table olives. To date, there have been two PDOs recognized by the European Commission, the PDO “Aceituna Aloreña de Málaga” (2012) and the PDO “Aceituna de Mallorca/Mallorquina” (2014). In both cases, olives are debittered in brine without the use of alkali, although they may be crushed to accelerate the process. Therefore, they can be sold as natural olives according to the standards of the International Olive Council. Moreover, most of these protected olives are seasoned with fennel, garlic, pepper, and thyme. However, the production of these protected olives is very low. In fact, they represent less than 1% of the total Spanish production of table olives. Nevertheless, the new PGI “Aceituna Manzanilla Sevillana/Aceituna Gordal Sevillana” can significantly increase the production of Spanish protected olives in the near future as its application is in its final phase. These are olives elaborated following the Spanish style and have been highly esteemed by consumers for centuries.Practical Applications: The European system of PDO and PGI tries to protect farmers and processors against faked imitations of agricultural products intended for human consumption. Although it has not been used extensively by Spanish table olive processors, this protection system could help farmers to valorize their table olives in the future.This article gives an overview of the current use of the European system of protected designation of origin (PDO) and protected geographical indication (PGI) for Spanish table olives. This review hopes to address the effectiveness of these systems in preventing faked imitations of agricultural products intended for human consumption.
Electric field assisted transport of dielectric droplets dispersed in aqueous solutions of ionic surfactants
Authors: Tuček Jakub , Slouka Zdeněk , Přibyl Michal 
Published: September 2018

AbstractMotion of liquid droplets with a surface electric charge can be efficiently controlled by dc electric field. Here, we show that the surface of a dielectric kerosene droplet can be charged by the addition of ionic surfactants to a surrounding aqueous electrolyte. The direction of droplet motion is determined by the polarity of the surfactant charge and the orientation of the imposed electric field. We have found that the effective electrophoretic mobility of dielectric droplets in a confined channel is directly proportional to the logarithm of the surfactant concentration even for values significantly exceeding critical micelle concentration (CMC). We attribute this finding not only to adsorption of ionic surfactants to the surface of dielectric droplets but also to the weakening of electro‐osmosis at channel walls due to the increase of ionic strength in the aqueous phase. Our findings can be exploited in microfluidic reactors and separators for on request dosing, sampling, and separation of dielectric fluids.
Assessment of the combined in‐plane and out‐of‐plane behavior of brick infill walls within reinforced concrete frames under seismic loading
Authors: Onat Onur , Correia António A. , Lourenço Paulo B. , Koçak Ali 
Published: September 2018

SummaryUnderstanding the out‐of‐plane response of masonry infill walls and preventing their progressive collapse mechanisms is very important for earthquake‐prone countries to prevent loss of life and economic loss. In fact, having a realistic collapse mechanism assessment allows suitable prevention measures to be adopted. With this purpose in mind, two full‐scale one‐bay one‐story substructures of reinforced concrete frames (RCF) with infill walls were tested on a shake table. These 2 specimens were designed to represent the response of a typical RC Frame at the fifth floor of an 8‐story building, namely the out‐of‐plane failure of its infill wall under combined bidirectional seismic load. Both specimens were composed of a single‐leaf clay brick infill wall surrounded by the RC Frame. However, while the first specimen corresponds to an unreinforced masonry configuration, the second specimen includes horizontal bed joint reinforcement as a strengthening/retrofitting technique. The main novelty of this study is the application of a bidirectional and simultaneous dynamic loading to the specimen, such that in‐plane and out‐of‐plane effects are evaluated together. This work presents several interesting experimental results, with particular emphasis on the bearing capacity of the specimens against out‐of‐plane failure. As expected, the in‐plane capacity of the reinforced infill specimen is larger than that of the unreinforced infill specimen. Nevertheless, the out‐of‐plane bearing capacities of the two specimens are very similar, in contrast to their ductility capacity, which is significantly increased in the reinforced masonry specimen. The capacities of the two specimens for both in‐plane and out‐of‐plane directions, as predicted by formulations in the literature, are given. The differences found between these calculations and the results of the tests are discussed, and may possibly be explained by the parameters considered in the different formulations.
New advances in the molecular classification of pediatric mesenchymal tumors
Authors: Suurmeijer Albert J. H. , Kao Yu‐Chien , Antonescu Cristina R. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractPediatric soft tissue tumors are relatively rare and show significant overlap in morphology and immunoprofile, often posing diagnostic and management challenges. Thus, their classification remains often subjective or lumped under “unclassified categories,” as a number of lesions lack objective and reproducible criteria in diagnosis. Although in a subset of cases immunohistochemistry has been proved useful to identify a specific line of differentiation, most tumors lack a readily defined histogenesis, being characterized by a rather non‐specific immunoprofile. Furthermore, tumors with an ambiguous diagnosis are difficult to grade and their risk of malignancy or clinical management remains uncertain. Advances in molecular genetics, including the more wide application of next generation sequencing in routine clinical practice, have improved diagnosis and refined classification based on objective molecular markers. Importantly, some soft tissue tumors in children are characterized by recurrent gene fusions involving either growth factors (eg, PDGFB) or protein kinases (eg, ALK, ROS, NTRK, BRAF), which have paved the way for new targeted treatments that block the respective upregulated downstream pathways. However, the majority of gene fusions or mutations detected in soft tissue tumors result in an abnormal function of transcription factors or chromatin remodeling. The present review focuses on the latest genetic discoveries in the spectrum of both benign and malignant pediatric soft tissue neoplasia. These genetic abnormalities promise to provide relevant insight for their proper classification, prognosis, and treatment. The entities discussed herein are grouped either based on their shared genetic mechanism or based on their presumed line of differentiation.
Improving oncological care organization in Poland—The 2015 reform evaluation in the context of European experiences
Authors: Dela Roksana , Dubas‐Jakóbczyk Katarzyna , Kocot Ewa , Sowada Christoph 
Published: September 2018

SummaryCancer is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide with a significant economic impact which has been increasing in recent decades. Numerous expert groups and/or international organizations have developed guidelines on how to build effective cancer control mechanisms, while in the European Union the majority of countries have developed national programmes. In Poland, cancer is the second leading cause of death. Compared with other European countries, Poland is characterized by a relatively low cancer incidence ratio, yet in terms of mortality and survival ratios, the situation is much worse than the average. On 1 January 2015, an oncological therapy fast track was implemented in Poland, popularly known as the “oncological package.” Its formal objectives were to improve access to and systemize the process of cancer diagnostics and treatment. The reform introduced some of the solutions existing in other European countries, including waiting time limits, patient pathways, multidisciplinary medical consultations, and a care coordinator position. The preliminary evaluation analyses suggest that after the reform implementation the average waiting time for diagnostics and treatment for patients covered by the new system was significantly shortened in comparison to those excluded. Further research evaluating the reform impact on quality and/or comprehensiveness of care are needed.
Developing a conceptual framework for patient safety culture in emergency department: A review of the literature
Authors: Alshyyab Muhammad Ahmed , FitzGerald Gerard , Dingle Kaeleen , Ting Joseph , Bowman Paula , Kinnear Frances B. , Borkoles Erika 
Published: September 2018

SummaryPatient safety culture is a critical component of modern health care. However, the high‐paced, unpredictable nature of the emergency department (ED) environment may impact adversely on it. The aim of this paper is to explore the concept of patient safety culture as it may apply to emergency health care, and to propose a conceptual framework that could form the basis for interventions designed to improve it. This is a systematic review of the literature. A search was undertaken of common electronic bibliographic databases using key words such assafety culture, safety climate,andEmergency Department. Articles were analysed for consistent themes with the aim to construct a conceptual framework. Ten articles met the inclusion criteria that specifically examined safety culture in the ED. Synthesis of the literature resulted in the emergence of three overarching themes of ED practice found to impact on safety culture in the ED. These were the dimensions of patient safety culture, the factors influencing it, and the interventions for improving it. A conceptual framework was constructed that identifies elements that significantly impact the patient safety culture in the ED. This framework may assist managers and researchers to take a comprehensive approach to build an effective safety culture in ED setting.
Variations and characteristics of quality indicators for maintenance hemodialysis patients: A systematic review
Authors: Niihata Kakuya , Shimizu Sayaka , Tsujimoto Yasushi , Ikenoue Tatsuyoshi , Fukuhara Shunichi , Fukuma Shingo 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAimsSeveral quality indicators (QIs) to improve the quality of practice for hemodialysis patients have been implemented. However, the variations and characteristics of these indicators in terms of their use and feasibility have not been investigated. We conducted a systematic review to evaluate the variations and characteristics of existing QIs for maintenance hemodialysis patients.MethodsWe conducted a systematic literature search of MEDLINE via PubMed, Scopus, the Cochrane Library, and CINAHL, without date limits, on February 26, 2016. We selected the English‐written articles regarding QIs for patients aged ≥18 years who were on maintenance hemodialysis therapy ≥3 months, and extracted the definition and development process of the reported QIs. We categorized each indicator into one of four types, namely, structure, process, surrogate outcome, and outcome, and assessed the data sources that were necessary to measure it.ResultsWe included 70 articles and identified 101 indicators, and found that most of the consensus processes for selecting indicators were unclear. We also found that most indicators were not process indicators and that the measurement of some indicators required a chart review, which limits their use and feasibility.ConclusionsDevelopment of QIs for hemodialysis patients in the future should use a definitive consensus process and consider process‐centered indicators that can be measured automatically using claims data and test results contained in electronic medical records, to improve usability and feasibility.
Age Dependence of Systemic Bone Loss and Recovery Following Femur Fracture in Mice
Authors: Emami Armaun J , Toupadakis Chrisoula A , Telek Stephanie M , Fyhrie David P , Yellowley Clare E , Christiansen Blaine A 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACT

The most reliable predictor of future fracture risk is a previous fracture of any kind. The etiology of this increased fracture risk is not fully known, but it is possible that fracture initiates systemic bone loss, leading to greater fracture risk at all skeletal sites. In this study, we investigated systemic bone loss and recovery after femoral fracture in young (3-month-old) and middle-aged (12-month-old) mice. Transverse femur fractures were created using a controlled impact, and whole-body bone mineral density (BMD), trabecular and cortical microstructure, bone mechanical properties, bone formation and resorption rates, mouse voluntary movement, and systemic inflammation were quantified at multiple time points post-fracture. We found that fracture led to decreased whole-body BMD in both young and middle-aged mice 2 weeks post-fracture; this bone loss was recovered by 6 weeks in young but not middle-aged mice. Similarly, trabecular bone volume fraction (BV/TV) of the L5 vertebral body was significantly reduced in fractured mice relative to control mice 2 weeks post-fracture (–11% for young mice, –18% for middle-aged mice); no significant differences were observed 6 weeks post-fracture. At 3 days post-fracture, we observed significant increases in serum levels of interleukin-6 and significant decreases in voluntary movement in fractured mice compared with control mice, with considerably greater changes in middle-aged mice than in young mice. At this time point, we also observed increased osteoclast number on L5 vertebral body trabecular bone of fractured mice compared with control mice. These data show that systemic bone loss occurs after fracture in both young and middle-aged mice, and recovery from this bone loss may vary with age. This systemic response could contribute to increased future fracture risk after fracture; these data may inform clinical treatment of fractures with respect to improving long-term skeletal health. © 2018 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Restoration of GATA4 expression impedes breast cancer progression by transcriptional repression of ReLA and inhibition of NF‐κB signaling
Authors: Han Xiaofan , Tang Jun , Chen Tong , Ren Guosheng 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThere are increasing reports of aberrant expression of GATA4, correlated with oncogenesis and malignant progression in some solid tumors, but whether
GATA4 functions as an oncogenic driver or a tumor suppressor in carcinogenesis remains controversial. Because the role and mechanism of
GATA4 in breast cancer (BrCa) remain poorly understood, we focused on the expression of
GATA4 in BrCa cell lines and tissues and its mechanism in breast oncogenesis. Semiquantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR), quantitative RT‐PCR, Western blot analysis, and immunohistochemistry were used to detect expression of
GATA4 in BrCa cell lines and adjacent breast tissues. Methylation statuses of the
GATA4 promoter were studied using methylation‐specific PCR in BrCa cell lines.The effects of GATA4 on proliferation, invasion, and cell cycle were also analyzed. Compared with adjacent breast tissue,
GATA4 expression in BrCa tissue and cell lines was obviously lower and low expression levels of
GATA4 predicted poor outcome. Methylation of
GATA4 occurred in almost all of BrCa cell lines
. GATA4 overexpression decreased viability, invasion, migration, and epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition of MB‐231 and BT549 cells, and markedly induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Exogenous expression
GATA4 accompanied a significant alteration of MMP2, MMP3, E‐cadherin, and N‐cadherin expression and induction of the caspase‐8 pathway. Moreover, GATA4 could directly repress
RelA (p65) transcription, reduce the nuclear phosphorylation‐p65 and upregulate inhibitor kappa B expression. Altogether,
GATA4 plays a tumor‐suppressive role via repression of NF‐κB signaling in BrCa cells. Our findings suggest that
GATA4 is a potential prognostic biomarker and gene therapeutic target for human BrCa.
MiR‐134‐5p attenuates neuropathic pain progression through targeting Twist1
Authors: Ji Li‐Juan , Su Jing , Xu An‐Le , Pang Bo , Huang Qiang‐Min 
Published: September 2018

AbstractNeuropathic pain is a kind of chronic pain because of dysfunctions of somatosensory nerve system. Recently, many studies have demonstrated that microRNAs (miRs) play crucial roles in neuropathic pain development. This study was designed to investigate the effects of miR‐134‐5p on the process of neuropathic pain progression in a rat model established by chronic sciatic nerve injury (CCI). First, we observed that miR‐134‐5p was significantly decreased in CCI rat models. Overexpression of miR‐134‐5p strongly alleviated neuropathic pain behaviors including mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia. Meanwhile, inflammatory cytokine expression, such as IL‐6, IL‐1β and TNF‐α in CCI rats were greatly repressed by upregulation of miR‐134‐5p. Twist1 has been widely regarded as a poor prognosis biomarker in diverse diseases. Here, by using bioinformatic analysis, 3′‐untranslated region (UTR) of Twist1 was predicted to be a downstream target of miR‐134‐5p in our study. Here, we found that overexpression of miR‐134‐5p was able to suppress Twist1 dramatically. Furthermore, it was exhibited that Twist1 was increased in CCI rats time‐dependently and Twist1 was inhibited in vivo. Subsequently, downregulation of Twist1 in CCI rats could depress neuropathic pain progression via inhibiting neuroinflammation. In conclusion, our current study indicated that miR‐134‐5p may inhibit neuropathic pain development through targeting Twist1. Our findings suggested that miR‐134‐5p might provide a novel therapeutic target for neuropathic pain.
Suppressing ROS‐TFE3‐dependent autophagy enhances ivermectin‐induced apoptosis in human melanoma cells
Authors: Deng Faming , Xu Qian , Long Juan , Xie Hongfu 
Published: September 2018

AbstractMelanoma is an aggressive skin malignancy with a high mortality rate; however, successful treatment remains a clinical challenge. Ivermectin, a broad‐spectrum antiparasitic drug, has recently been characterized as a potential anticancer agent due to its observed antitumor effects. However, the molecular mechanisms of ivermectin remain poorly understood. In the current study, we tested the involvement of autophagy in the ivermectin mechanism of action in human melanoma cells. We exposed SK‐MEL‐28 cells to different concentrations of ivermectin (2.5, 5, and 10 μM) for 24 hours. Here, ivermectin‐induced apoptosis, as evidenced by the upregulation of cleaved poly (ADP‐ribose) polymerase, BAX expression, and caspase‐3 activity and downregulation of BCL‐2 expression. In line with the apoptosis response, ivermectin triggered autophagy. Pharmacological or genetic inhibition of autophagy further sensitized SK‐MEL‐28 cells to ivermectin‐induced apoptosis. Mechanistically, ivermectin‐induced TFE3(Ser321) dephosphorylation, activated TFE3 nuclear translocation and increased TFE3 reporter activity, which contributed to lysosomal biogenesis and the expression of autophagy‐related genes, and subsequently, initiated autophagy in SK‐MEL‐28 cells. Moreover,
N‐acetyl‐cysteine, an reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger, abrogated the effects of ivermectin on TFE3‐dependent autophagy. Taken together, we demonstrated that ivermectin increases TFE3‐dependent autophagy through ROS signaling pathways in human melanoma cells and that inhibiting autophagy enhances ivermectin‐induced apoptosis in human melanoma cells.
Overexpression of αCGRP promotes osteogenesis of periodontal ligament cells by regulation of YAP signaling
Authors: Xiang Lin , Zhang Xinyuan , Yu Hui , Wang Bin , Lin Zhihui , Gong Ping 
Published: September 2018

AbstractHuman periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) are considered as an ideal cell type for periodontal tissue engineering as hPDLCs own mesenchymal stem cell‐like properties. Additionally, it is suggested that α‐calcitonin gene‐related peptide (αCGRP) plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. However, the specific role of αCGRP on the regulation of alveolar bone regeneration which is essential for treatment of periodontitis remains unclear. In this study, lentiviral αCGRP expression vector was first transfected into hPDLCs. αCGRP expression and the osteogenesis‐related gene (ALP, RUNX2, OCN, and BSP) expressions were detected. The results showed that expressions of osteogenic phenotypes were upregulated in αCGRP‐transfected hPDLCs combined with an increased expression of Yes‐associated protein (YAP), which is the key downstream effectors of Hippo pathway. Our observations suggest that αCGRP‐mediated hPDLCs’ osteogenesis might relate with the activity of YAP signaling. These observations may reflect intrinsic functions of αCGRP in hPDLCs’ osteogenesis and its promising role in the treatment of bone deficiency in periodontal regeneration.
Temperature sensitive regions of the Chinook salmon vertebral column: Vestiges and meristic variation
Authors: De Clercq Adelbert , Perrott Matthew R. , Davie Peter S. , Preece Mark A. , Owen Matthew A. G. , Huysseune Ann , Witten P. Eckhard 
Published: September 2018

AbstractVariation of vertebral centra numbers is common in vertebrates. Likewise, the number of associated elements such as ribs and neural and haemal arches can vary and affect all regions of the vertebral column. In mammals, only the number of cervical vertebrae is invariable. Variation of total vertebral centra numbers is well documented in teleost fish, often related to temperature. Less information is available about which part of the vertebral column and which associated elements are liable to variation. Here, variation in number of vertebral centra and associated elements is studied in Chinook salmon in six distinct anatomical regions. Animals are raised at 8 and 12°C to ask whether the vertebral centrum numbers, the pattern, and the frequency of variation in particular regions are temperature dependent. No significant difference concerning the total number of vertebrae was found, but regional differences occurred between the 8 and 12°C groups. Twelve specimens out of 60 of the 12°C group had three postcranial vertebrae compared to only one specimen in the 8°C group. The number of transitional vertebrae is significantly different in 8 and 12°C specimens. Fewer transitional vertebrae occur in more anterior positions in 8°C specimens. Most specimens of both temperature groups had two ural centra; however 17 specimens out of 60 of the 12°C group had up to five ural centra. Specimens of the 12°C group show more variation in the presence of the vestigial ribs associated with transitional vertebrae. Clearly, the postcranial, transitional, and ural regions are temperature sensitive. This study shows that nonsignificant differences in the total number of vertebrae can mask significant regional variation. Variation of vertebral numbers could be the consequence of loss or gain of vertebral centra and/or a change in the identity of the associated element on the vertebral centrum.