bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase deficiency as a risk factor in proliferative disorder development
Authors: Mandas Antonella , Peiretti Enrico , Cocco Pierluigi , Norfo Claudia , Abete Claudia , Angius Fabrizio , Pani Alessandra , Diaz Giacomo , Dessì Sandra , Fossarello Maurizio 
Published: July 2019

AbstractGlucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is an important site of metabolic control in the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) which provides reducing power (NADPH) and pentose phosphates. The former is mainly involved in the detoxification of chemical reactive species; the latter in the regulation of cell proliferation. G6PD deficiency is the most common enzymopathy in the human population, characterized by decreased G6PD activity, mainly in red blood cells, but actually also in nucleated cells. This decreased activity is not due to enzyme synthesis impairment, but rather to reduced enzyme stability, which leads to a shortening of its half-life. Therefore, a major problem is to understand the underlying mechanisms linking G6PD deficiency to oxidative stress and cell proliferation. In order to address this issue, in the present study we utilized, as an experimental model, fibroblasts isolated from pterygium, an ocular proliferative lesion, from G6PD normal and deficient (PFs+ and PFs-, respectively) patients. Our choice was determined by the fact that pterygium is believed to be caused by chronic oxidative stress induced by UV exposure, and that pterygium fibroblasts resemble a tumorigenic phenotype. As controls we utilized fibroblasts isolated from conjunctiva from G6PD normal and deficient patients (NCFs+ and NCFs-, respectively) who had undergone cataract surgery. Growth rate analysis revealed that PFs grow faster than NCFs, but while NCFs- grow more slowly than NCFs+, PFs- and PFs+ grow at the same rate. This was associated with significantly lower G6PD activity in NCFs+ compared to NCFs-, while no significant differences in the G6PD activity of PFs+ and PFs- were noted. This result was supported by the finding that in PFs-, G6PD mRNA levels were significantly higher than in PFs+. Another interesting finding of this study was increased green autofluorescence in both NCFs- and PFs- compared to corresponding positive cells, indicative of pronounced oxidative stress in deficient cells. Finally, abnormal accumulation of neutral lipids, mainly cholesterol esters was observed both in PFs- and PFs+ compared to NCFs- and NCFs+. Though further studies are necessary for better understanding the exact mechanism which links G6PD to oxidative stress and cell proliferation, our data allow to speculate on the role of G6PD on tumorigenesis, and to consider G6PD-deficient subjects at major risk to develop common and dreaded proliferative disorders, such as atherosclerosis and cancer.
Description of variation of genlculate's features of Phyllodiaptomustunguidus shen et Tai and sex-linked inheritance of Calanoida in freshwater
Authors: Long Sheng-Xing , Gou Xiao-Ming , Xia Pin-Hua , Ren Qi-Fei , Wan San , Chen Chuan 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn the present paper, variation of genlculate's features of Phyllodiaptomustunguidus shen et Tai of Calanoida are described.The authors find that the right first antenna of female species has changed into genlculate and first antenna of male species changed into genlculate, which can be explained by X-sex-linked inheritance. This isn't a disease but a genetic characteristic that is better for the living of the species.
Population genetic structure of the pelagic goby, Sufflogobius bibarbatus, in the Northern Benguela ecosystem, based on PCR-RFLP analysis of the mitochondrial control region and the ND 3 and 4 region (Dissertation).
Authors: De Silva Pallagae 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPolymorphism within the mitochondrial NADH-3,4 dehydrogenase(ND-3/4) and control region (D-Loop) was studied by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis of Sufflogobius bibarbatus (Pelagic Goby) population in the Northern Benguela ecosystem. Three major geographical areas representing the north-south axis (Ludritz, Walvis Bay and North of Ambrose Bay) were selected. Polymorphism was detected using three and two restriction enzymes respectively in ND- 3 / 4 and D-Loop regions, and a total number of 25 composite haplotypes were identified. The most common haplotype accounted for 36% of 238 individuals. Recorded haplotype diversities were quite high, ranging 0.70 to 0.86.The highest haplotype diversity was found in Walvis Bay followed by Ludritz and North of Ambrose Bay. Pairwise Fst values among regions indicated that significantly population differentiation existing. The Monte Carlo test revealed a significant difference among three geographical areas (P <0.05). Pairwise comparisons based on haplotype frequencies revealed significant differences between Ludritz and Walvis Bay (P < 0.05) and Ludritz and North of Ambrose Bay (P < 0.01) while no difference was found between Walvis Bay and North of Ambrose Bay (P >0.05).Similar observations were found by Exact test for haplotype frequencies. This study has shown existence of population subdivision of the pelagic goby in the Northern Benguela. Combination of factors like complex circulation pattern, physical barrier around Moeb Bay and adaptive selection can be contributed to the observed divergence. Identified population sub structure will be vital in future decision and policy making of the proposed ecosystem based management in the Benguela region.
Prey capture and meat-eating by the wild colobus monkey Rhinopithecus bieti in Yunnan, China
Authors: Ren Baoping , Li Dayong , Liu Zhijin , Wu Hua , Li Ming 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIf it is true that extant primates evolved from an insectivorous ancestor, then primate entomophagy would be a primitive trait. Many taxa, however, have undergone a dietary shift from entomophagy to phytophagy, evolving a specialised gut and dentition and becoming exclusive herbivores. The exclusively herbivorous taxa are the Malagasy families Indriidae and Lepilemuridae, and the Old World Monkey subfamily Colobinae, and among these meat-eating has not been observed except as an anomaly, with the sole exception of the Hanuman langur (Semnopithecus entellus), which feeds on insects seasonally, and a single observation of a nestling bird predated by wild Sichuan snub-nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus roxellana). Here, we describe the regular capture of warm-blooded animals and the eating of meat by a colobine, the critically endangered Yunnan snub-nosed monkey (Rhinopithecus bieti). This monkey engages in scavenge hunting as a male-biased activity that may, in fact, be related to group structure and spatial spread. In this context, meat-eating can be regarded as an energy/nutrient maximization feeding strategy rather than as a consequence of any special characteristic of meat itself. The finding of meat-eating in forest-dwelling primates might provide new insights into the evolution of dietary habits in early humans.
A Therapeutically Relevant Difference in Leukemia and Normal Stem Cell Self Renewal
Authors: Negrotto Soledad , Hu Zhenbo , Link Kevin , Ng Kwok Peng , Bodo Juraj , Duong Hien , Schade Andrew , Hsi Eric , Lindner Daniel , Maciejewski Jaroslaw , Mulloy James , Saunthararajah Yogen 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAbnormal self-renewal and differentiation are defining features of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Using models of hematopoiesis, we show that persistent self-renewal that ignores differentiation signals can be produced through two distinct pathways. One pathway prevents repression of stem cell genes, producing daughter cells that resemble parental stem cells despite differentiation inducing lineage-specifying factor or cytokines. Runx1 deficiency, a frequent abnormality in AML, demonstrates the second pathway, which allows cytokine/lineage-specifying factor mediated repression of stem cell genes but impairs subsequent activation of differentiation genes that terminate transit-amplification, producing self-renewal in daughter cells that do not resemble the parental stem cell. Use of this pathway by AML cells has therapeutic relevance: cell-fate regulation by the chromatin-modifying protein DNMT1 is differentiation-phase dependent. In the post lineage-commitment differentiation-phase at which AML cell self-renewal occurs, DNMT1 has an opposite role than in normal stem cells. Consequently, DNMT1 depletion, using a clinically applicable method, terminates AML cell self-renewal but increases normal stem cell self-renewal.
Talin1 Promotes Prostate Cancer Invasion and Metastasis via AKT Signaling and Anoikis Resistance
Authors: Sakamoto Shinichi , McCann Richard , Kyprianou Natasha 
Published: July 2019

AbstractTalin1 is an integrin regulatory protein that mediates integrin interactions with the extracellular matrix (ECM). This study investigated the significance of talin1 in prostate cancer progression to metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Talin1 overexpression enhanced prostate cancer cell adhesion, migration and invasion by activating survival signals and anoikis resistance. ShRNA-mediated talin1 loss led to a significant suppression of prostate cancer cell migration and transendothelial invasion in vitro and a significant inhibition of prostate cancer metastasis in vivo. Talin1 regulates cell survival signals via phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and AKT. Targeting AKT activation led to a significant reduction of talin1-mediated prostate cancer cell invasion. Furthermore, talin1 expression was determined by immunostaining in prostate tissue from the TRAMP mouse model and in human prostate cancer specimens. Talin1 levels directly correlated with prostate tumor progression to metastasis in TRAMP mice. Talin1 profiling in human prostate specimens revealed a significantly higher expression of cytoplasmic talin1 in metastatic tissue compared to primary prostate tumors and benign prostate tissue (P&lt;0.0001). This evidence suggests a potential value for talin1 as a marker of prostate cancer metastasis and implies that disrupting talin1 mediated signaling may have therapeutic significance in the treatment of metastatic disease.
Transduction Pathways Regulating The Trophic effects of Saccharomyces boulardii in Rat small intestinal mucosa
Authors: Buts Jean-Paul , De Keyser Nadine 
Published: July 2019

AbstractS . boulardii is a probiotic yeast widely prescribed in a lyophilized form that determines in human and rat small intestine several effects including endoluminal secretion of enzymes and of polyamines, stimulation of microvillous enzymes, of sIgA ,increased production of the receptor for polymeric immunoglobulins by crypt cells, and enhanced D-glucose uptake.Aim: The objective of this study was to determine the pathway(s) by which these effects generated by the yeast are transduced into the cell.
Methods:
Litters of 6 growing Wistar rats each (30 days post partum) were treated with S .boulardii (50[micro]g per g body wt) or with saline during 72 hours. For each animal, the cytosol was prepared from the whole mucosa after the fat cake was discarded. Several known intestinal substrates were immunoprecipitated and immunoblotted using specific antibodies recognizing the non-, mono- or diphosphorylated forms of these substrates. The signals were detected using ECL and were measured by optodensitometry.

Results:
treatement with S.boulardii enhanced markedly the RAS-GAP-RAF-ERK1,2 pathway with participation of GRB2, SHC, SOS, and CRKII. Unit p85a of Pi-3 kinase ,tested in its phosporylated form, was also enhanced by the probiotic compared to control samples. In rats treated with an inhibitor of RAF-1 and of ERK 1,2 (PD098059) the expression of mucosal disaccharidases was inhibited by about 50%. Conclusion: The probiotic S. boulardii generates in vivo mitogen and metabolic signals which are transduced into intestinal cells downstream from the apical membrane to the nuclei, using recruitment substrates and serine, threonine, or tyrosine kinases .
Design of selective peptide antibiotics by using the sequence moment concept
Authors: Juretic Davor , Ilic Nada , Vukicevic Damir , Antcheva Nikolinka , Tossi Alessandro 
Published: July 2019

AbstractNew antibiotics against multidrug-resistant bacteria are urgently needed, but rapid acquisition of resistance limits their usefulness. Endogenous antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) with moderate selectivity, but multimodal mechanism of action, have remained effective against bacteria for millions of years. Their therapeutic application, however, requires optimizing the balance between antibacterial activity and selectivity, so that rational design methods for increasing selectivity are highly desirable. We have created training (n=36) and testing (n=37) sets from frog-derived AMPs with determined therapeutic index (TI). The &apos;sequence moments&apos; concept then enabled us to find a one-parameter linear model resulting in a good correlation between measured and predicted TI (r&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;=0.83 and 0.64 for each set, respectively). The concept was then used in the AMP-Designer algorithm to propose primary structures for highly selective AMPs against Gram-negative bacteria. Testing the activity of one such peptide produced a TI&gt;200 as compared to the best AMP in the data-base, with TI=125.
bioGUID: resolving, discovering, and minting identifiers for biodiversity informatics
Authors: Page Roderic 
Published: July 2019

AbstractLinking together the data of interest to biodiversity researchers (including specimen records, images, taxonomic names, and DNA sequences) requires services that can mint, resolve, and discover globally unique identifiers (including, but not limited to, DOIs, HTTP URIs, and LSIDs). bioGUID implements a range of services, the core ones being an OpenURL resolver for bibliographic resources, and a LSID resolver. The LSID resolver supports Linked Data-friendly resolution using HTTP 303 redirects and content negotiation. Additional services include journal ISSN look-up, author name matching, and a tool to monitor the status of biodiversity data providers. bioGUID is available at "http://bioguid.info/":http://bioguid.info/. Source code is available from "Google Code":http://code.google.com/p/bioguid/.
Validated, Ultra Violet Spectroscopy Method for the Dissolution Study of Mycophenolate Mofetil Immediate Release 500mg Tablets
Authors: Verma Surajpal , Alam Ozair , Mullick Pooja , Siddiqui Nadeem , Khan Suroor 
Published: July 2019

AbstractA simple, selective and precise dissolution method was developed and validated for the Mycophenolate mofetil immediate release tablets. The method employed dissolution medium 0.1N HCl (pH1.2) and volume 900ml with USP-II apparatus (Paddle). Detection was made by measuring the absorbance on UV at the &lambda;~max~ 250nm. The method show the linearity in the range of conc. 5[mu]g/ml to 40[mu]g/ml with r^2^=0.999. The method is also validated as per International Conference of Harmonization guidelines. The method showed the specificity with standard deviation 0.00. The method is repeatable, selective and accurate for the dissolution study of Mycophenolate mofetil immediate release tablets.
On the 7-azaindole in acetonitrile anhydrous solutions as an inappropriate photophysical model for DNA base pairs
Authors: Catalán Javier 
Published: July 2019

AbstractMultiple Hydrogen-bonding is a fundamental issue to explain base-pairing in DNA structures, which was firstly described by Watson and Crick^1^ using stable keto tautomer forms. In their analysis, they considered the possibility of mutations via proton transfer reactions within a base pair. Such reactions can be induced by electronic excitation, for example, adenine-cytosine mispairing may be caused by double-proton phototautomerism.^2^ The 7-azaindole (7AI) doubly-hydrogen bonded dimer was firstly proposed as a suitable model for explaining the DNA base mispairing owing to excited state two-proton phototautomerization in 1969 by Taylor et al.^3^ The concerted nature of this excited state biprotonic transfer has been strongly supported by available evidence (see references 4-6 and references therein). Recently, Kwon and Zewail^7^ (K&Z) have reported femtosec time-resolved evidence on the stepwise mechanism in polar solvents, using very concentrated solutions of 7AI (0.1 M) in anhydrous acetonitrile, diethylether and dichloromethane on excitation at 320 nm. However, based on a careful spectroscopic analysis of the absorption and emission spectra of anhydrous 0.1 M 7-azaindole solutions in acetonitrile and butyronitrile, we demonstrate in this letter that the 7AI molecule does not form the doubly hydrogen bonded dimer at room temperature (rt) in acetonitrile, but it does generate another aggregate which emits fluorescence at ca. 500 nm. Consequently, the assertion of Kwon and Zewail^7,8^ that the rate of proton transfer in 7-azaindole dimers is significantly dependent on the solvent polarity and its stepwise mechanism for the process is not rightly stated as no C~2h~ dimer is formed in the medium used to record their femtosecond time resolved and fluorescence spectroscopic evidence (viz. 7-azaindole 0.1 M solution in acetonitrile at rt).
DNA sequences classification and computation scheme based on the symmetry principle
Authors: Song Xiao-Gang , Qiu Wen-Yuan 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe DNA sequences containing multifarious novel symmetrical structure frequently play crucial role in how genomes work. Here we present a new scheme for understanding the structural features and potential mathematical rules of symmetrical DNA sequences using a method containing stepwise classification and recursive computation. By defining the symmetry of DNA sequences, we classify all sequences and conclude a series of recursive equations for computing the quantity of all classes of sequences existing theoretically; moreover, the symmetries of the typical sequences at different levels are analyzed. The classification and quantitative relation demonstrate that DNA sequences have recursive and nested properties. The scheme may help us better discuss the formation and the growth mechanism of DNA sequences because it has a capability of educing the information about structure and quantity of longer sequences according to that of shorter sequences by some recursive rules. Our scheme may provide a new stepping stone to the theoretical characterization, as well as structural analysis, of DNA sequences.
Assessing the Genotypic Differences for Seed Set and Seed Abortion in Tomato Genotypes
Authors: Reddy Chalapathy , Narayana Ganeshaiah , Shaanker Uma 
Published: July 2019

AbstractTomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is one of the most popular fruit vegetable around the world. Seed abortion where in only a small proportion of ovules in an ovary develops into matured seeds, is a wide spread phenomenon in multi-ovulated species. In agriculturally important crops such as chickpea, groundnut, Brassica, pigeon pea and field bean seed abortion substantially reduces their productivity. Tomato genotypes exhibited seed abortion where in only some proportion of ovules developed into matured seeds. Seed abortion in tomato cultivars would increase the cost of hybrid seed production. In this study, we have analyzed 19 genotypes for number of ovules, seed set and seed abortion. Tomato genotypes differed significantly for number of ovules per ovary, seed set per fruit and per cent seed abortion. The ovules, matured seeds and seed abortion ranged from 52 to 412 per ovary; 50.90 to 240.76 per fruit and 6.06 to 24.44 per cent respectively. Strong positive correlation was observed in genotypes with higher number of ovules showed higher percentage of seed abortion.
Characteristics of Uremic Cardiomyopathy with Reversible Systolic Dysfunction
Authors: Adhyapak Srilakshmi , Iyengar Shamanna 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background:
There exists a sub group of patients with uremic cardiomyopathy who experience resolution of heart failure following hemodialysis. It has been hypothesized that these patients are fluid overloaded, and following hemodialysis, show improvements in cardiac geometry and function. We wanted to study their clinical, biochemical and echocardiographic features to define any other additional characteristics.Aim: To define characteristics of reversible systolic dysfunction.Methods: We studied 72 patients with chronic kidney disease on hemodialysis of whom 52 presented with congestive heart failure, over a period of 190 days. We studied their echocardiographic profile and blood biochemistry parameters including troponin I and C reactive protein.

Results:
There were 29 patients with systolic dysfunction (LVEF≤40%). Twenty three patients with preserved systolic function, had diastolic dysfunction. Of the 29 patients with systolic dysfunction, 10 patients had significant improvement in NYHA functional class, and left ventricular dimensions (LVIDd:59.8±2.6 mm to 55.9±2 mm and LVIDs:51.8±1.8 mm to 34±1.2 mm; p<0.001) with significant increase in left ventricular ejection fraction (30.5±5% to 50.1±4%; p<0.001). These patients had the highest serum levels of troponin I (p=0.024) which decreased significantly with recovery of cardiac function. In the patients with persistent systolic dysfunction and in the patients with diastolic function, the troponin I remained high. The troponin I was significantly lesser in the control group (p=0.002).

Conclusions:
A sub group of patients with uremic cardiomyopathy demonstrated reversible left ventricular systolic dysfunction, and high levels of serum troponin I levels at presentation, which regressed with recovery of ventricular function.
Biodiversity Quality: a paradigm for biodiversity
Authors: Feest Alan , Aldred Timothy , Jedamzik Katrin 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe internationally accepted definition of biodiversity creates difficulty in measuring difference and change. The authors suggest that well-sampled data can be used to generate a range of numerical indices reflecting species group characteristics/functionality (Species Richness, Simposons Index, Population Density, Biomass and Species Conservation Value) that can be viewed in combination to create a picture of biodiversity quality. This overall approach has considerable advantages over the currently accepted Convention on biological Diversity definition based on the "variability" of genes, species and ecosystems, since the numerical expression of the indices allows the probability of difference between biodiversity quality trends and values over time and between sites or taxonomic groups, to be assessed for statistical inference.
In silico Protein Structural Modeling and Active binding site Evaluation of Streptococcus pneumoniae
Authors: Balakrishnan M. , Srivastava R.C. , Ramachandran M. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractStructure function relation of glucose kinese in Streptococcus pneumoniae. However, a solved structure for Streptococcus pneumoniae glucose kinese is not available at the protein data bank. Glucose kinase is a regulatory enzyme capable of adding phosphate group to glucose in the first step of streptomycin biosynthesis. The activity of glucose kinase was regulated by the Carbon Catabolite Repression system. So, we created a model of glucose kinese from Streptococcus pnemoniae using the X-ray crystallography structure of glucose kinese enzymes from Enterobacteria faecalis as template with Molsoft ICM v3.5 software. The model was validated using protein structure checking tools such as PROCHECK, WHAT IF: for reliability. The active site amino acid &quot;Asp114&quot; in the template is retained in S. pneumoniae Glucose kinese model &quot;Asp115&quot;. Solvent accessible surface area analysis of the glucose kinese model showed that known key residues playing important role in active site for ligand binding and metal ion binding are buried and hence not accessible to solvent. The information thus discussed provides insight to the molecular understanding of Streptococcus pneumoniae in glucose kinase.