bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tea Plant Information Archive: a comprehensive genomics and bioinformatics platform for tea plant
Authors: Xia En‐Hua , Li Fang‐Dong , Tong Wei , Li Peng‐Hui , Wu Qiong , Zhao Hui‐Juan , Ge Ruo‐Heng , Li Ruo‐Pei , Li Ye‐Yun , Zhang Zheng‐Zhu , Wei Chao‐Ling , Wan Xiao‐Chun 
Published: March 2019

SummaryTea is the world's widely consumed nonalcohol beverage with essential economic and health benefits. Confronted with the increasing large‐scale omics‐data set particularly the genome sequence released in tea plant, the construction of a comprehensive knowledgebase is urgently needed to facilitate the utilization of these data sets towards molecular breeding. We hereby present the first integrative and specially designed web‐accessible database, Tea Plant Information Archive (TPIA; http://tpia.teaplant.org). The current release of TPIA employs the comprehensively annotated tea plant genome as framework and incorporates with abundant well‐organized transcriptomes, gene expressions (across species, tissues and stresses), orthologs and characteristic metabolites determining tea quality. It also hosts massive transcription factors, polymorphic simple sequence repeats, single nucleotide polymorphisms, correlations, manually curated functional genes and globally collected germplasm information. A variety of versatile analytic tools (e.g. JBrowse, blast, enrichment analysis, etc.) are established helping users to perform further comparative, evolutionary and functional analysis. We show a case application of TPIA that provides novel and interesting insights into the phytochemical content variation of section Thea of genus Camellia under a well‐resolved phylogenetic framework. The constructed knowledgebase of tea plant will serve as a central gateway for global tea community to better understand the tea plant biology that largely benefits the whole tea industry.
NIV in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: The ‘when’ and ‘how’ of the matter
Authors: Morelot‐Panzini Capucine , Bruneteau Gaëlle , Gonzalez‐Bermejo Jesus 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTNon‐invasive ventilation (NIV) has become an essential part of the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) since 2006. NIV very significantly improves survival, quality of life and cognitive performances. The initial NIV settings are simple, but progression of the disease, ventilator dependence and upper airway involvement sometimes make long‐term adjustment of NIV more difficult, with a major impact on survival. Unique data concerning the long‐term adjustment of NIV in ALS show that correction of leaks, management of obstructive apnoea and adaptation to the patient's degree of ventilator dependence improve the prognosis. Non‐ventilatory factors also impact the efficacy of NIV and various solutions have been described and must be applied, including cough assist techniques, control of excess salivation and renutrition. NIV in ALS has been considerably improved as a result of application of all of these measures, avoiding the need for tracheostomy in the very great majority of cases. More advanced use of NIV also requires pulmonologists to master the associated end‐of‐life palliative care, as well as the modalities of discontinuing ventilation when it becomes unreasonable.
Understanding the Determination of Severance Pay: Mandates, Bargaining, and Unions*
Authors: Auray Stéphane , Danthine Samuel , Poschke Markus 
Published: March 2019

AbstractA substantial share of severance payments derives from private contracts or collective agreements. In this paper, we study the determination of these payments. We analyze joint bargaining over wages and severance payments in a search‐and‐matching model with risk‐averse workers. Individual bargaining results in levels of severance pay that provide full insurance, but also depend on unemployment benefits and job‐finding rates. Unions also choose full insurance. Because their higher wage demands reduce job creation, this requires higher severance pay. Severance pay observed in eight European countries, to which we calibrate the model, lies between predictions from the bargaining and union scenarios.
The 14‐3‐3 protein GF14f negatively affects grain filling of inferior spikelets of rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Zhang Zhixing , Zhao Hong , Huang Fengliang , Long Jifang , Song Guo , Lin Wenxiong 
Published: March 2019

SummaryIn rice (Oryza sativa L.), later flowering inferior spikelets (IS), which are located on proximal secondary branches, fill slowly and produce smaller and lighter grains than earlier flowering superior spikelets (SS). Many genes have been reported to be involved in poor grain filling of IS, however the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. The present study determined that GF14f, a member of the 14‐3‐3 protein family, showed temporal and spatial differences in expression patterns between SS and IS. Using GF14f–RNAi plants, we observed that a reduction in GF14f expression in the endosperm resulted in a significant increase in both grain length and weight, which in turn improved grain yield. Furthermore, pull‐down assays indicated that GF14f interacts with enzymes that are involved in sucrose breakdown, starch synthesis, tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and glycolysis. At the same time, an increase in the activity of sucrose synthase (SuSase), adenosine diphosphate‐glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase), and starch synthase (StSase) was observed in the GF14f–RNAi grains. Comprehensive analysis of the proteome and metabolite profiling revealed that the abundance of proteins related to the TCA cycle, and glycolysis increased in the GF14f–RNAi grains together with several carbohydrate intermediates. These results suggested that GF14f negatively affected grain development and filling, and the observed higher abundance of the GF14f protein in IS compared with SS may be responsible for poor IS grain filling. The study provides insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying poor grain filling of IS and suggests that GF14f could serve as a potential tool for improving rice grain filling.
A MYB/bHLH complex regulates tissue‐specific anthocyanin biosynthesis in the inner pericarp of red‐centered kiwifruit Actinidia chinensis cv. Hongyang
Authors: Wang Lihuan , Tang Wei , Hu Yawen , Zhang Yabin , Sun Jiaqi , Guo Xiuhong , Lu Han , Yang Ying , Fang Congbing , Niu Xiangli , Yue Junyang , Fei Zhangjun , Liu Yongsheng 
Published: March 2019

SummaryMany Actinidia cultivars are characterized by anthocyanin accumulation, specifically in the inner pericarp, but the underlying regulatory mechanism remains elusive. Here we report two interacting transcription factors, AcMYB123 and AcbHLH42, that regulate tissue‐specific anthocyanin biosynthesis in the inner pericarp of Actinidia chinensis cv. Hongyang. Through transcriptome profiling analysis we identified five MYB and three bHLH transcription factors that were upregulated in the inner pericarp. We show that the combinatorial action of two of them, AcMYB123 and AcbHLH42, is required for activating promoters of AcANS and AcF3GT1 that encode the dedicated enzymes for anthocyanin biosynthesis. The presence of anthocyanin in the inner pericarp appears to be tightly associated with elevated expression of AcMYB123 and AcbHLH42. RNA interference repression of AcMYB123, AcbHLH42, AcF3GT1 and AcANS in ‘Hongyang’ fruits resulted in significantly reduced anthocyanin biosynthesis. Using both transient assays in Nicotiana tabacum leaves or Actinidia arguta fruits and stable transformation in Arabidopsis, we demonstrate that co‐expression of AcMYB123 and AcbHLH42 is a prerequisite for anthocyanin production by activating transcription of AcF3GT1 and AcANS or the homologous genes. Phylogenetic analysis suggests that AcMYB123 or AcbHLH42 are closely related to TT2 or TT8, respectively, which determines proanthocyanidin biosynthesis in Arabidopsis, and to anthocyanin regulators in monocots rather than regulators in dicots. All these experimental results suggest that AcMYB123 and AcbHLH42 are the components involved in spatiotemporal regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis specifically in the inner pericarp of kiwifruit.
A Qualitative Exploration of Division I Tennis Players Completing the Mindfulness Meditation Training for Sport 2.0 Program
Authors: Cote Trevor , Baltzell Amy , Diehl Robert 
Published: March 2019

The present study examined college tennis players’ experience of the 6-hr sport-tailored mindfulness- and self-compassion-based intervention Mindfulness Meditation Training for Sport 2.0 (MMTS 2.0). Nine college athletes participated in individual semistructured interviews. Interview results revealed that the athletes perceived the mindfulness and self-compassions skills as valuable tools to respond optimally to adversity through observing, accepting, and offering self-compassion toward negative internal states on and off the court. The mindfulness and self-compassion skills were described as creating enhanced ability to overcome challenges and improve focus on the court and an enhanced quality of life off the court, including self-reported well-being markers. The participants also noted several challenges in completing the program (i.e., discomfort meditating, lack of independent practice, and hectic schedule as a student-athlete). These findings provide insight into how the delivery of mindfulness and self-compassion skills in a time-limited environment helps male and female athletes combat competition distress.
Athlete Leadership as a Shared Process: Using a Social-Network Approach to Examine Athlete Leadership in Competitive Female Youth Soccer Teams
Authors: Duguay Ashley M. , Loughead Todd M. , Cook James M. 
Published: March 2019

The present study sought to address 2 limitations of previous athlete-leadership research: (a) Researchers have predominantly examined the shared nature of athlete leadership using aggregated approaches, which has limited our ability to examine differences in the degree of sharedness between teams, and (b) the limited availability of research related to dyadic predictors (i.e., qualities of the relation between 2 individuals) of athlete leadership. Therefore, social-network analysis was used to examine athlete leadership across multiple levels (i.e., individual, dyadic, and network) in 4 competitive female youth soccer teams (N = 68). Findings demonstrated differences in the degree to which athlete leadership was shared between the teams. Furthermore, multiple-regression quadratic-assignment procedures showed that skill nomination and formal leadership status were significant predictors of how often participants reported looking to their teammates for leadership.
Development of heart failure in young patients with congenital heart disease: a nation-wide cohort study
Authors: Gilljam Thomas , Mandalenakis Zacharias , Dellborg Mikael , Lappas Georgios , Eriksson Peter , Skoglund Kristofer , Rosengren Annika 
Published: March 2019

ObjectiveHeart failure (HF) is a common cause of hospitalisation and death in adults with congenital heart disease (CHD). However, the risk of HF in young patients with CHD has not been determined.MethodsBy linkage of national patient registers in Sweden, we identified 21 982 patients with CHD born between 1970 and 1993, and compared these with 10 controls per case. Follow-up data were collected from birth until 2011 or death.ResultsOver a mean follow-up of 26.6 years in patients with CHD and 28.5 years in controls, 729 (3.3%) and 75 (0.03%) developed HF, respectively. The cumulative incidence of HF in all CHD was 6.5% and in complex CHD 14.8% up to age 42 years. Thus, one patient in 15 with CHD runs the risk of developing HF before age 42 years, a risk that is 105.7 times higher (95 % CI 83.2 to 134.8) compared with controls. For patients with complex CHD (such as conotruncal defects, univentricular hearts, endocardial cushion defects), one in seven will develop HF, a HR of 401.5; 95% CI 298 to 601 as compared with controls. The cumulative probability of death in patients with CHD, after HF diagnosis, was 63.4% (95% CI 57.5 to 69.3).ConclusionsAn extremely high risk of developing HF (more than 100-fold) was found in patients with CHD, compared with matched controls, up to the age of 42 years. Patients with complex congenital heart malformations carried the highest risk and have to be considered as the main risk group for developing HF.
Neurons with Multiplicative Interactions of Nonlinear Synapses
Authors: Todo Yuki , Tang Zheng , Todo Hiroyoshi , Ji Junkai , Yamashita Kazuya 
Published: March 2019

Neurons are the fundamental units of the brain and nervous system. Developing a good modeling of human neurons is very important not only to neurobiology but also to computer science and many other fields. The McCulloch and Pitts neuron model is the most widely used neuron model, but has long been criticized as being oversimplified in view of properties of real neuron and the computations they perform. On the other hand, it has become widely accepted that dendrites play a key role in the overall computation performed by a neuron. However, the modeling of the dendritic computations and the assignment of the right synapses to the right dendrite remain open problems in the field. Here, we propose a novel dendritic neural model (DNM) that mimics the essence of known nonlinear interaction among inputs to the dendrites. In the model, each input is connected to branches through a distance-dependent nonlinear synapse, and each branch performs a simple multiplication on the inputs. The soma then sums the weighted products from all branches and produces the neuron’s output signal. We show that the rich nonlinear dendritic response and the powerful nonlinear neural computational capability, as well as many known neurobiological phenomena of neurons and dendrites, may be understood and explained by the DNM. Furthermore, we show that the model is capable of learning and developing an internal structure, such as the location of synapses in the dendritic branch and the type of synapses, that is appropriate for a particular task — for example, the linearly nonseparable problem, a real-world benchmark problem — Glass classification and the directional selectivity problem.
The Pseudogene Olfr29-ps1 Promotes the Suppressive Function and Differentiation of Monocytic MDSCs
Authors: Shang Wencong , Gao Yunhuan , Tang Zhenzhen , Zhang Yuan , Yang Rongcun 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) plays a critical role in many biological processes, such as cell differentiation and development. However, few studies about lncRNAs regulating the differentiation and development of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) exist. In this study, we identified a lncRNA pseudogene, Olfr29-ps1, which was expressed in MDSCs and upregulated by the proinflammatory cytokine IL6. The Olfr29-ps1 in vertebrates is conserved, and the similarity between the Olfr29-ps1 and human OR1F2P sequence is 43%. This lncRNA promoted the immunosuppressive function and differentiation of monocytic (Mo-)MDSCs in vitro and in vivo. It directly sponged miR-214-3p to downregulate miR-214-3p, which may target MyD88 to modulate the differentiation and development of MDSCs. The functions of Olfr29-ps1 were dependent on IL6-mediated N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification, which not only enhanced Olfr29-ps1, but also promoted the interaction of Olfr29-ps1 with miR-214-3p. Thus, our results demonstrated that the pseudogene Olfr29-ps1 may regulate the differentiation and function of MDSCs through a m6A-modified Olfr29-ps1/miR-214-3p/MyD88 regulatory network, revealing a mechanism for the regulation of myeloid cells and also providing potential targets for antitumor immunotherapy.
Pollinators of Sikkim Mandarin Orange Citrus reticulata (Sapindales: Rutaceae)
Authors: Pradhan Urbashi , Devy M. Soubadra 
Published: March 2019

Sikkim Mandarin Orange is a major cash crop of Sikkim with more than 12,000 farming families dependent upon it directly. With increasing scientific records of positive contribution of pollinators in crop yield, an understanding of major pollinators of cash crops has become important. In this paper, we present a comprehensive list of insect pollinators (24 species) for Sikkim Mandarin Orange.
A preliminary study of the hawkmoth diversity (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) of Kanyakumari District, Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Iyer Geetha , Kitching Ian James 
Published: March 2019

Kanyakumari District is situated at the southernmost tip of peninsular India in Tamil Nadu State and is bounded by the Western Ghats and the coasts of three seas. There are no detailed historical records of the moths of this region, which, before India’s independence, was part of Travancore State. This paper presents a brief account of the 27 species of hawkmoths of Kanyakumari District, recorded during surveys conducted from 2011-2015, and is the first formal record of the hawkmoths of this region. A list of the species from the collection of the Natural History Museum, UK, collected in the erstwhile Travancore State that are likely to be found in the Kanyakumari region is also included.
Precipitation and Fatal Motor Vehicle Crashes: Continental Analysis with High-Resolution Radar Data
Authors: Stevens Scott E. , Schreck Carl J. , Saha Shubhayu , Bell Jesse E. , Kunkel Kenneth E. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractMotor vehicle crashes remain a leading cause of accidental death in the United States, and weather is frequently cited as a contributing factor in fatal crashes. Previous studies have investigated the link between these crashes and precipitation typically using station-based observations that, while providing a good estimate of the prevailing conditions on a given day or hour, often fail to capture the conditions present at the actual time and location of a crash. Using a multiyear, high-resolution radar reanalysis and information on 125,012 fatal crashes spanning the entire continental United States over a 6-yr period, we find that the overall risk of a fatal crash increases by approximately 34% during active precipitation. The risk is significant in all regions of the continental United States, and it is highest during the morning rush hour and during the winter months.
Understanding Socio-Ecological Vulnerability to Climatic Change through a Trajectories of Change Approach: A Case Study from an Indigenous Community in Panama
Authors: Li Avital , Ford James 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
This paper identifies and characterizes vulnerability to climatic change in the Ngöbe-Buglé Indigenous community of Playitas, Panama, using a “trajectories of change” approach. Playitas is a community composed of swidden forest farmers that is undergoing rapid rates of change as a result of demographic shifts, regional development, and climate change. Working in collaboration with a community organization, various methods were used to identify and characterize livelihoods, social-ecological dynamics, environmental change, and behavioral responses to change, with the aim of informing future planning in the community. Qualitative methods included semistructured interviews (n = 26), community workshops, and participant observation. Causal-loop diagrams based on field data and the perceptions of community members were created to model trajectories of change. The research reveals that change is driven by both internal and external factors and that the responses of community members create both reinforcing and balancing feedback loops that overall generate increased stress in agricultural systems, social structures, and environmental components. Although community members historically relied on social relationships, Indigenous knowledge, and remoteness as sources of resilience to external disturbances, climate change is acting as a “multiplier” of their existing vulnerabilities and is undermining their capacity to adapt to current and future climatic changes.
Nutrition literacy is associated with healthy-eating behaviour among college students in Taiwan
Authors: Liao Li-Ling , Lai I-Ju , Chang Li-Chun 
Published: March 2019

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the nutrition literacy status of Taiwanese college students and to assess the relationship between nutrition literacy and healthy-eating behaviours. Design: Cross-sectional design with convenience sampling. Setting: Six universities in northern, central and southern Taiwan; both national and private universities were included in each region. Method: A maximum of 220 students was recruited from each university with no more than 45 students from one department. Data were collected using a self-rated nutrition literacy scale and questions about frequency of practising healthy-eating behaviours and demographic information. Results: The mean score for self-rated nutrition literacy was 2.8 (out of 4), and the mean score for healthy-eating behaviours was 3.07 (out of 5). Results of hierarchical regression showed that nutrition literacy explained 17.2% of the total variance of healthy-eating behaviours of college students, controlling for confounding variables. Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that nutrition literacy among college students was not optimal, and there was a positive association between higher levels of nutrition literacy and healthier dietary behaviours. Therefore, identifying methods to increase nutrition literacy among college students is essential to promote healthy-eating behaviours.
External Human-Machine Interfaces on Automated Vehicles: Effects on Pedestrian Crossing Decisions
Authors: de Clercq Koen , Dietrich Andre , Núñez Velasco Juan Pablo , de Winter Joost , Happee Riender 
Published: March 2019

Objective: In this article, we investigated the effects of external human-machine interfaces (eHMIs) on pedestrians’ crossing intentions. Background: Literature suggests that the safety (i.e., not crossing when unsafe) and efficiency (i.e., crossing when safe) of pedestrians’ interactions with automated vehicles could increase if automated vehicles display their intention via an eHMI. Methods: Twenty-eight participants experienced an urban road environment from a pedestrian’s perspective using a head-mounted display. The behavior of approaching vehicles (yielding, nonyielding), vehicle size (small, medium, large), eHMI type (1. baseline without eHMI, 2. front brake lights, 3. Knightrider animation, 4. smiley, 5. text [WALK]), and eHMI timing (early, intermediate, late) were varied. For yielding vehicles, the eHMI changed from a nonyielding to a yielding state, and for nonyielding vehicles, the eHMI remained in its nonyielding state. Participants continuously indicated whether they felt safe to cross using a handheld button, and “feel-safe” percentages were calculated. Results: For yielding vehicles, the feel-safe percentages were higher for the front brake lights, Knightrider, smiley, and text, as compared with baseline. For nonyielding vehicles, the feel-safe percentages were equivalent regardless of the presence or type of eHMI, but larger vehicles yielded lower feel-safe percentages. The Text eHMI appeared to require no learning, contrary to the three other eHMIs. Conclusion: An eHMI increases the efficiency of pedestrian-AV interactions, and a textual display is regarded as the least ambiguous. Application: This research supports the development of automated vehicles that communicate with other road users.