bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A {Cr4Ln2} Complex with Exchange Coupled {Cr2} Units: Structural Description and Magnetic Study
Authors: Cabrosi Daiana , Mecchia Ortiz Juan H. , Cruz Carlos , Paredes‐García Verónica , Alborés Pablo 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWe have prepared and structurally characterized pivalate based {CrIII4LnIII2} complexes with Ln = Dy and Gd as well as the Y analogue, with the overall formula [CrIII4LnIII2(mdea)2(piv)10(OH)4], Ln = Gd, Dy and Y. We are reporting a detailed experimental magnetic properties study, including magnetization relaxation dynamics and calorimetric data, supported with quantum chemical calculations. The synthesis of the Y derivative, allowed to precisely identify the Cr(III)‐Cr(III) exchange interaction magnitude which proved moderately strong and in agreement with known magneto‐structural correlations. This result agrees with the observed double bridged {Cr2‐μOH‐μOR} units within the {Cr4Ln2} complexes. The Gd(III) complex magnetic properties can be properly described with the already established exchange coupled {Cr2} units, and a unique Gd(III)‐Cr(III) exchange coupling parameter which proved anti‐ferromagnetic in nature. The MCE characterization of this complex based on magnetization and calorimetric data down to 2 K affords a moderate entropy change value, mainly affected by the strong Cr‐Cr exchange interaction. The complex with Ln = Dy, showed SMM behaviour below 10 K under 0 DC applied field with negligible field dependence up to 3000 Oe and 10 kHz of AC field frequency. Two relaxation processes are clearly distinguished, with thermal barriers for an Orbach mechanism of ca. 20 cm−1 and 40 cm−1.
Enantiopure Macrocycles Based on Tröger‘s Base and Diphenyl Maleimide Exhibiting Strong Chiral Emission and Host‐Guest Properties
Authors: Song Zi‐Hang , Ma Yi‐Fan , Han Han , Li Dai‐Yuan , Fu Rong , Zhao Qing‐Yu , Wang Ruiguo , Guo Dong‐Sheng , Cai Kang 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWhile a plenty of macrocyclic hosts have been developed in supramolecular chemistry, those that combine chiral luminescent properties and host‐guest recognition abilities are still uncommon. Herein, two pairs of enantiomeric macrocycles were synthesized via Suzuki‐Miyaura [2+2] cyclization reactions using Tröger's base and diphenyl maleimide as the building blocks. The diphenyl maleimide units impart these macrocycles with highly strong fluorescence, achieving quantum yields up to 100 % in apolar solvents. Furthermore, the chiral, V‐shaped Tröger's base units provide the macrocycles with circularly polarized luminescence (|glum|=1.68×10−3) and well‐define cavity for hosting electron‐deficient or positively charged guests with Ka up to 1.7×106 M−1.
Using Artificial Intelligence to Identify Effective Components of Computer‐Assisted Cognitive Behavioural Therapy
Authors: Coleman Jeremy J. , Owen Jesse , Wright Jesse H. , Eells Tracy D. , Antle Becky , McCoy Markessa , Soma Christina Signe 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTAlthough clinician‐supported computer‐assisted cognitive‐behaviour therapy (CCBT) is well established as an effective treatment for depression and anxiety, less is known about the specific interventions used during coaching sessions that contribute to outcomes. The current study used artificial intelligence (AI) to identify specific components of clinician‐supported CCBT and correlated those scores with therapy outcomes. Data from a randomized clinical trial comparing clinician‐supported CCBT with treatment as usual in a primary care setting were utilized. Participants (n = 95) engaged in CCBT with coaching sessions. The primary outcome was the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ‐9), with Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD‐7), Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) and Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire (ATQ) ratings as secondary outcomes, which were assessed at 12 weeks (post), 3‐ and 6‐month follow‐up. The Lyssn system utilized AI technology to code CBT techniques and common general psychotherapeutic techniques. After controlling for initial ratings, 13 Lyssn‐variables were observed to be significantly associated with reducing anxiety on the GAD‐7 after 12 weeks of treatment. Among the most effective CBT interventions for anxiety included the use of guided discovery, understanding, interpersonal effectiveness and agenda setting. The most beneficial intervention was the proportion of open questions across all variables. Lyssn did not identify any CBT‐specific interventions significantly associated with PHQ‐9, SWLS or ATQ. Therapist use of CBT‐specific techniques was significantly associated with reduction of anxiety symptoms after 12 weeks, but such gains were not observed at follow up. Therapist use of open questions was observed to be the most impactful technique contributing to treatment outcomes.
Exploring the influence of military experience directors on corporate governance: Evidence from Thai‐listed companies
Authors: Korphaibool Veerawin , Chatjuthamard Pattanaporn , Jiraporn Pornsit , Treepongkaruna Sirimon 
Published: December 2024

AbstractDifferent board of directors (BODs) characteristics influence corporate strategy and performance. Essential attributes such as gender, education, and experience determine the preferences, opinions, and decisions to prioritize the strategy, which normally focuses on profitability. In 1997, during the Asian financial crisis, the Thai government and Thai firms adopted the sufficiency economy philosophy (SEP) approach to overcome financial catastrophes. This study explores the relationship between one distinct characteristic of the BOD, directors with direct and indirect military backgrounds, and the SEP performance. To minimize endogeneity and eliminate reverse causality, we apply a two‐stage least squares instrumental variable (2SLS‐IV) analysis. We find evidence supporting the upper echelons theory (UET), where the characteristics of the BOD, such as military experience, determine the organizational decision to enhance SEP performance.
Microbiota Associated With Ototyphlonemertes Species (Nemertea, Hoplonemertea, Monostilifera, Ototyphlonemertidae) Reveal Evidence of Phylosymbiosis
Authors: Leasi Francesca , Eckert Ester M. , Norenburg Jon L. , Thomas W. Kelley , Sevigny Joseph L. , Hall Jeffrey A. , Wirshing Herman H. , Fontaneto Diego 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTPhylosymbiosis, the association between the phylogenetic relatedness of hosts and the composition of their microbial communities, is a widespread phenomenon in diverse animal taxa. However, the generality of the existence of such a pattern has been questioned in many animals across the tree of life, including small‐sized aquatic invertebrates. This study aims to investigate the microbial communities associated with poorly known marine interstitial nemerteans to uncover their microbiota diversity and assess the occurrence of phylosymbiosis. Specimens from various Central American sites were analyzed using morphology‐based taxonomy and molecular techniques targeting the host 18S rRNA gene whereas their microbial association was analyzed by targeting the prokaryotic 16S rRNA gene. Phylogenetic and statistical analyses were conducted to examine the potential effects of host nemertean taxa and sampling locations on the host‐associated microbial communities. The results provide compelling evidence of phylosymbiosis in meiofaunal nemertean species, highlighting the significant impact of host genetic relatedness on microbiome diversity in small‐sized animals. This finding supports previous studies that demonstrate how certain nemertean species harbor distinct microbial communities with functional and ecological implications. Given the remarkable diversity of meiofaunal animals—spanning numerous phyla with varying lifestyles and co‐existing in the same habitat—combined with advancements in multi‐omics approaches, there is a promising opportunity to deepen our understanding of the evolutionary and ecological interactions between hosts and their microbiota throughout the animal tree of life.
Co‐Occurrence Patterns of Aquatic Macroinvertebrates in Laurentian Great Lakes Coastal Wetlands
Authors: Bozimowski Alexandra A. , Murry Brent A. , Uzarski Donald G. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIn niche‐based community assembly theory, it is presumed that communities in habitats with high natural disturbance regimes are less likely to be structured by competitive mechanisms. Laurentian Great Lakes (hereafter Great Lakes) coastal wetlands can experience drastic diel fluctuations in dissolved oxygen levels, severe wave action, ice scour, and near complete freezing during the winter such that conditions are inhospitable for most organisms. The high natural disturbance levels are thought to cause high interannual turnover for aquatic macroinvertebrate communities and support the hypothesis that these communities are less likely to experience less competitive interactions and negative co‐occurrence structure. We hypothesize that non‐random co‐occurrence patterns will be rare in Great Lake coastal wetlands and non‐competitive processes (e.g., through shared or differential microhabitat affinities, pollution tolerances, or biotic homogenization) will be more common than competitively driven negative co‐occurrence patterns. Null model analysis was performed on 134 macroinvertebrate communities sampled from across the Great Lakes basin from 2000 to 2013. To disentangle the effects of alternative structuring mechanisms (i.e., shared/differential habitat affinities, shared/differential pollution tolerance, and biological homogenization/competitive exclusion), communities were parsed based on the year sampled, the vegetation type from which community samples were collected, and lastly species' functional feeding group assignment or taxonomic group. As expected, very few communities were non‐randomly structured; however, all of those that were non‐random exhibited showed more negative co‐occurrences than by chance. Upon further investigation, these communities consisted of species that are known to overwinter in wetlands, and therefore, avoid having to recolonize after each spring thaw. With expected changes in habitat conditions due to climate change, we propose that null model analyses can be used as an early warning system for community change.
Increased Temperature and Exposure to Ammonium Alter the Life Cycle of an Anuran Species
Authors: Zamora‐Camacho Francisco Javier , Aragón Pedro 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTAmphibian populations are undergoing a major recession worldwide, likely triggered by global change components such as the global warming and pollutants, among which agrochemicals, in general, and fertilizers, in particular, play a central role given their relevance in agriculture. Potential synergies among these stressors could maximize their individual effects. In this work, we investigated the consequences of a controlled chronic exposure to increased temperature and a sublethal dose of ammonium during the larval stage of Pelophylax perezi frogs on the growth, development, and locomotor performance of tadpoles and the metamorphs they gave rise to. To that end, tadpoles were reared either in heated or nonheated tanks, with or without ammonium added. The parents of these tadpoles came from either a pine grove or an agrosystem. Survival was reduced in agrosystem tadpoles reared with ammonium. Increased temperature potentiated tadpole growth while giving way to smaller metamorphs. Faster growth could be a consequence of increased metabolism, whereas the smaller size could follow an accelerated development and metamorphosis, which reduced the growth period. Also, swimming speed was greater in tadpoles reared in heated tanks, while jumping distance was greater in metamorphs reared in nonheated tanks. The effects of temperature were more marked in agrosystem than in pine grove individuals, which could mirror reduced adaptability. Thus, the ability to withstand the effects of these stressors was lower in agrosystem tadpoles.
Tree species controls over nitrogen and phosphorus cycling in a wet tropical forest
Authors: Russell Ann E. , Hall Steven J. , Bedoya Ricardo , Kivlin Stephanie N. , Hawkes Christine V. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWet tropical forests play an important role in the global carbon (C) cycle, but given current rates of land‐use change, nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) limitation could reduce productivity in regenerating forests in this biome. Whereas the strong controls of climate and parent material over forest recovery are well known, the influence of vegetation can be difficult to determine. We addressed species‐specific differences in plant traits and their relationships to ecosystem properties and processes, relevant to N and P supply to regenerating vegetation in experimental plantations in a single site in lowland wet forest in Costa Rica. Single‐tree species were planted in a randomized block design, such that climate, soil (an Oxisol), and land‐use history were similar for all species. In years 15–25 of the experiment, we measured traits regarding N and P acquisition and use in four native, broad‐leaved, evergreen tree species, including differential effects on soil pH, in conjunction with biomass and soil stocks and fluxes of N and P. Carbon biomass stocks increased significantly with increasing soil pH (p = 0.0184, previously reported) as did biomass P stocks (p = 0.0011). Despite large soil N pools, biomass P stocks were weakly dependent on traits associated with N acquisition and use (N2 fixation and leaf C:N, p < 0.09). Mass‐balance budgets indicated that soil organic matter (SOM) could supply the N and P accumulated in biomass via the process of SOM mineralization. Secondary soil P pools were weakly correlated with biomass C and P stocks (R = 0.47, p = 0.08) and were large enough to have supplied sufficient P in these rapidly growing plantations, suggesting that alteration of soil pH provided a mechanism for liberation of soil P occluded in organo‐mineral soil complexes and thus supply P for plant uptake. These results highlight the importance of considering species' effect on soil pH for restoration projects in highly weathered soils. This study demonstrates mechanisms by which individual species can alter P availability, and thus productivity and C cycling in regenerating humid tropical forests, and the importance of including traits into global models of element cycling.
Enhanced Lung Cancer Prediction via Integrated Multi‐Space Feature Adaptation, Collaborative Alignment and Disentanglement Learning
Authors: Kawama Abigail , Mwangi Ronald Waweru , Nderu Lawrence 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTLung cancer, marked by the rapid and uncontrolled proliferation of abnormal cells in the lungs, continues to be one of the leading causes of cancer‐related deaths globally. Early and accurate diagnosis is critical for improving patient outcomes. This research presents an enhanced lung cancer prediction model by integrating Adaptation Multiple Spaces Feature and L1‐norm Regularization (AMSF‐L1ELM) with Primitive Generation with Collaborative Relationship Alignment and Feature Disentanglement Learning (PADing). Initially, the AMSF‐L1ELM model was employed to address the challenges of feature alignment and multi‐domain adaptation, achieving a baseline performance with a test accuracy of 83.20%, precision of 83.43%, recall of 83.74%, and an F1‐score of 83.07%. After incorporating PADing, the model exhibited significant improvements, increasing the test accuracy to 98.07%, precision to 98.11%, recall to 98.05%, F1‐score to 98.06%, and achieving a ROC‐AUC of 100%. Cross‐validation results further validated the model's robustness, with an average precision of 99.73%, recall of 99.55%, F1‐score of 99.64%, and accuracy of 99.64% across five folds. The study utilized four distinct datasets covering a range of imaging modalities and diagnostic labels: the Chest CT‐Scan dataset from Kaggle, the NSCLC‐Radiomics‐Interobserver1 dataset from TCIA, the LungCT‐Diagnosis dataset from TCIA, and the IQ‐OTH/NCCD dataset from Kaggle. In total, 4085 images were selected, distributed between source and target domains. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of PADing in improving the model's performance and enhancing lung cancer prediction accuracy across multiple domains in complex medical imaging data.
Investigating Spatial Heterogeneity of Karst Water Storage Capacity and Nonclosure of Underground Watersheds in Karst Hydrological Simulation
Authors: Ren Zeling , Li Binquan , Xiao Yang , Li Kuang 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTKarst landforms interfere with the runoff generation and confluence process, resulting in generally poor hydrological simulation accuracy in karst watersheds. We proposed a new karst hydrological module, which has two cores. One is the karst water storage capacity distribution curve that represents the distribution of runoff generation thresholds in karst areas, and the other is the underground nonclosure coefficient that represents the nonclosure phenomenon of underground watersheds in karst areas. The new module was further coupled with the Xinanjiang rainfall–runoff (XAJ) model to establish a complete hydrological model for karst areas (referred to as XAJ‐karst model). The sensitivity of the XAJ‐karst model parameters was analysed using the Sobol method, and applied to a typical karst watershed in Guizhou Province, China, to test the model performance on daily and hourly time scales. In addition, we also explored the impact of dynamic changes in the nonclosure coefficient of underground watershed area in karst watersheds on model results. Results showed that the average value of Kling–Gupta efficiency (KGE) of the XAJ‐karst model on the daily and hourly time scales was 0.85 and 0.77, respectively. In comparison with the XAJ model, the average KGE value of the XAJ‐karst model on both daily and hourly scales improved by 10.8% and 6.4%, respectively, demonstrating better simulation accuracy. In addition, there is a underground nonclosure phenomenon in the Xiangyang watershed, and the actual area of underground watershed expands abruptly as the antecedent‐precipitation increases to the critical value. Moreover, the water storage and hysteresis effects of the karst landform result in a certain hysteresis in water exchange between the underground watershed and adjacent watersheds.
Effects of Different Spatial Distributions of Vegetation on the Hydraulic Characteristics of Overland Flow
Authors: Xiao Chengzhi , Liu Xiang , Ding Luqiang , Zhu Nan , Wang Zihan 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTVegetation plays a crucial role in mitigating and controlling soil erosion caused by overland flow. However, variations in the hydraulic characteristics of overland flow induced by the spatial distribution of vegetation with different row and column spacings are often overlooked in existing literature, potentially leading to significant deviations in predicting these characteristics. In this study, 180 lab‐scale runoff tests were conducted to clarify the hydraulic characteristics of overland flow considering six α (the ratio of the lateral distance of vegetation to stem diameter) levels, six β (the ratio of the slope distance of vegetation to stem diameter) levels, and three slope angles (θ) under five flow discharges (Q) conditions. The results show that the observed flow regime of overland flow belongs to the transition flow regions, shifting from slow to rapid as α and/or β increase. The friction coefficient and the proportion of frictional resistance in the total flow resistance increase with increasing α and β. The local resistance dominates the total flow resistance of bare glass slopes. The local resistance coefficient ξ decreases with increasing α and β, however, it initially increases and then decreases with increasing θ. The impact of β on the local resistance is greater for gentle slopes, whereas the impact of α is more significant for steep slopes. ξ exhibits a negative correlation with Re and the ξ‐Re curves gradually level off as α or β increases, while they become steeper with increasing θ. A prediction model for the total flow resistance was established taking into account the combined effects of Re, α, β and θ, which provides better prediction performance than two other relevant models. The results obtained from this study provide valuable insights into the hydraulic characteristics of overland flow and offer clear guidance for vegetation management in controlling soil erosion on slopes with heterogeneous vegetation coverage.
Assessment of pain prevalence in cancer patients undergoing anticancer treatments and in cancer survivors after completion of anticancer treatments: A French nationwide cross‐sectional study
Authors: Ragusa Charles , Pereira Bruno , Balayssac David 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPain is a common and disabling symptom of cancer and its treatment. This study aimed to provide an update on the prevalence, characteristics, and impact of pain on quality of life (QoL) in cancer patients and survivors in France. Data were collected using self‐assessment questionnaires as part of a nationwide web‐based survey conducted between January and March 2023. Pain was reported by 44.7% of the study population (n = 1029), including by 49.2% (95% CI [44.8; 53.6]) of cancer patients (n = 255/518) and 40.1% (95% CI [35.8; 44.5]) of cancer survivors (n = 205/511). Chronic pain was more prevalent among survivors (99.0%) than patients (87%), but no between‐group differences in the prevalence of neuropathic pain (66.8% vs. 67.5%, respectively) or other pain characteristics (pain intensity, location, etc.) were observed. Pain had a negative impact on QoL in both groups, but the impact on global health status, functioning, symptom severity, and depression was greater among cancer patients. Analgesic use was also more frequent among patients than survivors. Breast cancer, being overweight or obese, and having a poorer global health status were identified as main factors increasing the likelihood of pain. Pain therefore remains a common symptom among cancer patients and survivors in France. Further improvements to management are needed, including strategies to target chronic and neuropathic pain, and the high frequency of pain associated with breast cancer. Multimodal interventions to improve global health status, help individuals maintain a healthy weight, and reduce the impact of cancer pain on QoL could also be evaluated.