bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Hemicyanine‐Embedded Diphenylselenide‐Containing Probe “HemiSe” in which SePh2 Stays Reduced for Selective Detection of Superoxide in Living Cells
Authors: Halle Mahesh B. , Lee Kyung Jin , Yudhistira Tesla , Choi Jae Hyuck , Park Hee‐Sung , Churchill David G. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractA simple one‐step synthesis of fluorescent probe HemiSe has been developed for the detection of superoxide (O2.−). The probe undergoes reaction specifically with O2.− when in the presence of other competitive ROS/RNS/metal ions. The diphenylselenide was incorporated to completely quench the fluorescence of the hemicyanine unit through the action of a photoinduced electron transfer (PET) photomechanism. However, after the addition of O2.−, the latent fluorophore regains its fluorescence owing to the reaction at the C=C bond of the hemicyanine with O2.− through nucleophilic attack; the increase in blue emission is due to a reaction of the double bond within HemiSe followed by an increase in fluorescence quantum yield (Φ) up to 0.45; the limit of detection (LOD) is 11.9 nm. A time‐dependent study shows that HemiSe can detect superoxide within 13 min with high sensitivity, high selectivity, over a wide pH range, and through confirmation with a xanthine/xanthine oxidase biochemical assay (λem=439 nm). A study in the RAW 264.7 macrophage living cells also shows that HemiSe is not toxic, cell permeable (experimental log P=2.11); confocal imaging results show that HemiSe can detect O2.− in endogenous and exogeneous systems.
Characteristics of and current practice patterns of pacing for high‐degree atrioventricular block after transcatheter aortic valve implantation in comparison to surgical aortic valve replacement
Authors: Misumida Naoki , Pagath Mariah , Ogunbayo Gbolahan O. , Wilson Ryan E. , Kim Sun Moon , Abdel‐Latif Ahmed , Elayi Claude S. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractObjectiveWe aimed to investigate the current practice patterns of permanent pacing, especially the timing of implantation, for high‐degree AV block (HDAVB) following transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) and surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR).BackgroundComparative data regarding current practice patterns of permanent pacing for HDAVB between TAVI and SAVR is limited.MethodsUsing the National Inpatient Sample database, we identified patients who underwent TAVI or SAVR between 2012 and 2014. The incidence of HDAVB, the rate of permanent pacemaker implantation, and the timing of implantations were compared between TAVI and SAVR groups.ResultsWe identified 33 690 and 202 110 patients who underwent TAVI and SAVR, respectively. HDAVB occurred in 3480 patients (10.3%) in the TAVI group and 11 405 patients (5.6%) in the SAVR group (P < 0.001). Among the patients who developed HDAVB, patients in the TAVI group were more likely to undergo permanent pacemaker implantation than those in the SAVR group (74.1% vs 64.7%; P < 0.001). The median interval from TAVI to pacemaker implantation was 2 days (interquartile range 1‐3 days) vs 5 days (interquartile range 3‐7 days) from SAVR to pacemaker implantation (P < 0.001). Among the patients who developed HDAVB, TAVI was associated with higher rates of permanent pacemaker implantation after adjusting for other comorbidities (odds ratio 1.41:95% confidence interval 1.13‐1.77; P = 0.003).ConclusionsHDAVB occurred more commonly after TAVI compared to SAVR. HDAVB after TAVI compared to SAVR was associated with a higher rate of permanent pacemaker implantation at an earlier timing from the index procedure.
Modeling and Validating Fixed‐Bed Reactors: A State‐of‐the‐Art Review
Authors: Stegehake Carolin , Riese Julia , Grünewald Marcus 
Published: October 2018

AbstractEs stehen vielfältige Methoden zur Beschreibung der Wärme‐ und Stofftransportvorgänge in Festbettreaktoren für die Durchführung von heterogen katalysierten Gasphasenreaktionen zur Verfügung. Neben den homogenen und heterogenen Kontinuumsmodellen kann auch der partikelaufgelösten Modellierung ein hohes Anwendungspotenzial zugewiesen werden. Für die Methoden werden die Vor‐ und Nachteile sowie Annahmen und Randbedingungen dargestellt und diskutiert. Zusätzlich werden die Möglichkeiten zur experimentellen Validierung diskutiert, wobei der Fokus dabei auf den besonders verbreiteten zweidimensionalen, homogenen Kontinuumsmodellen liegt.
Stereoselective Construction of Complex Spirooxindoles via Bisthiourea Catalyzed Three‐Component Reactions
Authors: Zhang Lin‐Lin , Zhang Ji‐Wei , Xiang Shao‐Hua , Guo Zhen , Tan Bin 
Published: October 2018

AbstractA well‐designed three‐component reaction was developed to construct a class of optically active carbazolespirooxindole‐urazoles in good yields with excellent stereoselectivities via tandem Diels‐Alder reaction and ene‐reaction. The driving force originating from aromatization with in situ generated carbazolespirooxindole and the high reactivity of 4‐phenyl‐3H‐1,2,4‐triazole‐3,5‐dione facilitate the ene‐reaction in mild conditions. Control experiments indicated that the excellent stereoselectivities of ene‐reaction most likely came from the spatial configuration of the carbazolespirooxindole. The obtained products could be converted to other synthetic useful structures via diverse functionalization.
Congestive heart failure in older adults diagnosed with follicular lymphoma: A population‐based study
Authors: Kenzik Kelly M. , Mehta Amitkumar , Richman Joshua S. , Kilgore Meredith , Bhatia Smita 
Published: October 2018

BackgroundTo the authors’ knowledge, there is limited information regarding the long‐term risk of congestive heart failure (CHF) among patients with follicular lymphoma, a prevalent non‐Hodgkin lymphoma diagnosis among those aged >65 years, especially within the context of therapeutic exposures and preexisting comorbidities.MethodsUsing Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results–Medicare data from 1999 through 2013, the authors identified 6109 patients with follicular lymphoma who were diagnosed at age ≥66 years between January 1, 2000 and December 31, 2011, and a frequency‐matched Medicare noncancer sample. Subdistribution hazards models assessed risks associated with new‐onset CHF through December 31, 2013. Propensity score–matched models examined CHF risk in patients receiving anthracyclines when compared with matched noncancer controls.ResultsWhen compared with matched controls, patients with follicular lymphoma receiving anthracyclines at ages 66 to 75 years had a 1.7‐fold (95% confidence interval, 1.4‐fold to 2.1‐fold) higher risk of new‐onset CHF; patients diagnosed at age >75 years did not differ from noncancer controls with regard to CHF risk. Preexisting hypertension was associated with a 1.7‐fold and 1.35‐fold, respectively, increased hazard of CHF for each age group, independent of anthracycline exposure. Preexisting diabetes was associated with 1.5‐fold increased hazard of CHF only in those patients aged 66 to 75 years. Patients with new‐onset CHF had a 18% lower 10‐year survival compared with those without CHF.ConclusionsPatients with follicular lymphoma who were exposed to anthracyclines between the ages of 66 years and 75 years were found to be at an increased risk of new‐onset CHF; preexisting hypertension and diabetes appeared to increase this risk. The findings of the current study support and inform the risk‐based follow‐up of vulnerable populations.
Liquid Drops on a Rough Surface
Authors: Feldman William M. , Kim Inwon C. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractWe consider a liquid drop sitting on a rough solid surface at equilibrium, a volume‐constrained minimizer of the total interfacial energy. The large‐scale shape of such a drop strongly depends on the microstructure of the solid surface. Surface roughness enhances hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity properties of the surface, altering the equilibrium contact angle between the drop and the surface. Our goal is to understand the shape of the drop with fixed small‐scale roughness. To achieve this, we develop a quantitative description of the drop and its contact line in the context of periodic homogenization theory, building on the qualitative theory of Alberti and DeSimone. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Stable Surface Modification of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Using the Avidin‐Biotin Complex Technique
Authors: Kusamori Kosuke , Takayama Yukiya , Nishikawa Makiya 
Published: October 2018

AbstractMesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) hold promise in cell‐based therapies because of their strong tissue repair ability and immunosuppressive effects; however, the therapeutic efficacy of transplanted MSCs is limited due to low survival rates and short‐term functioning after transplantation. While the functionalization of MSCs is an ideal way to solve these problems, conventional cell functionalization methods have disadvantages such as cell damage, changes in cellular characteristics, and short‐term modification. This unit describes a technique for MSC functionalization by surface modification via the avidin‐biotin complex (ABC). This technique provides long‐term modification MSC surfaces with biotinylated compounds. This easy method of MSC functionalization will support effective MSC‐based therapy. © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Nitrogen‐Doped Biomass‐Derived Carbon Formed by Mechanochemical Synthesis for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Schneidermann Christina , Kensy Christian , Otto Pascal , Oswald Steffen , Giebeler Lars , Leistenschneider Desirée , Grätz Sven , Dörfler Susanne , Kaskel Stefan , Borchardt Lars 
Published: October 2018

AbstractNitrogen‐doped carbons were synthesized by a solvent‐free mechanochemically induced one‐pot synthesis by using renewable biomass waste. Three solid materials are used: sawdust as a carbon source, urea and/or melamine as a nitrogen source, and potassium carbonate as an activation agent. The resulting nitrogen‐doped porous carbons offer a very high specific surface area of up to 3000 m2 g−1 and a large pore volume up to 2 cm3 g−1. Also, a high nitrogen content of 4 wt % (urea only) up to 12 wt % (melamine only) is generated, depending on the nitrogen and carbon sources. The mechanochemical reaction and the impact of different wood components on the porosity and surface functionalities are investigated by nitrogen physisorption and high‐resolution X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). These N‐doped carbons are highly suitable as cathode materials for Li–S batteries, showing high initial discharge capacities of up to 1300 mAh gsulfur−1 (95 % coulombic efficiency) and >75 % capacity retention within the first 50 cycles at low electrolyte volume.
In Situ‐Fabricated 2D/2D Heterojunctions of Ultrathin SiC/Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanosheets for Efficient CO2 Photoreduction with High CH4 Selectivity
Authors: Han Cheng , Lei Yongpeng , Wang Bing , Wang Yingde 
Published: October 2018

AbstractPhotoreduction of CO2 into fuel molecules such as CH4 represents a promising route to simultaneously explore renewable energy and alleviate global warming. However, the implementation of such a process is hampered by low product yields and poor selectivity. A 2D/2D heterojunction of ultrathin SiC and reduced graphene oxide (RGO) nanosheets was fabricated in situ for efficient and selective photoreduction of CO2. Ultrathin SiC suppresses significant charge recombination in the bulk phase, thus providing more energetic electrons. The robust 2D/2D heterojunction allows fast transfer of energetic electrons from SiC to RGO. Combining the vital role of RGO in facilitating CO2 activation, the optimized SiC/RGO exhibits an electron‐transfer rate of 58.17 μmol h−1 g−1 towards CO2 reduction, 2.7 times that of pure SiC (20.25 μmol h−1 g−1). About 92 % of the transferred electrons from SiC are devoted to generating CH4 (6.72 μmol h−1 g−1). Such high efficiency and selectivity are mainly a result of the densely accumulated energetic electrons within RGO, which facilitate the eight‐electron process to produce CH4. This work will inspire the design of catalyst/cocatalyst systems for efficient and selective photoreduction of CO2.
Phosphogenesis during the Cenozoic transition from greenhouse to icehouse conditions: Upper Oligocene to lower Miocene siliceous, phosphate, and organic‐rich sediments near La Purísima, Baja California Sur, Mexico
Authors: Föllmi Karl B. , Schöllhorn Iris , Ulianov Alexey , Adatte Thierry , Spangenberg Jorge E. , de Kaenel Eric , Gertsch Brian , Schwennicke Tobias , Ledesma Maria C. , Grimm Kurt A. , Garrison Robert E. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractUpper Oligocene and lower Miocene, siliceous, organic‐, and phosphate‐rich sediments are widespread in Baja California Sur (Mexico). A representative section at La Purísima was analysed for its sedimentology, stratigraphy, geochemistry, and mineralogy. A corresponding age model was obtained by dating zircons from ash layers (27.84 ± 0.33 to 21.21 ± 0.59 Ma). The sediments were deposited in an upwelling‐dominated, hemipelagic setting, for which the presence of lamination, the scarcity of benthic organisms (except for in gravity‐flow deposits), and redox‐sensitive trace‐element enrichments indicate oxygen‐depleted conditions. Anoxic conditions were particularly strong around 27 and 24–22 Ma. Gravity‐flow deposits are frequent and predominantly composed of phosphatic‐coated grains. They were generated by seismic and volcanic activity, as is indicated by the close association with volcanic ash layers. The phosphatic‐coated particles were formed in a more proximal, better‐oxygenated shelf environment. They precipitated also in situ within the hemipelagic sediments, where they were often concentrated by subsequent winnowing. In situ phosphogenesis also partly cemented the gravity‐flow deposits. At La Purísima, phosphogenesis occurred throughout the time interval investigated and was particularly important around 28–25.5 and 23.5–21.5 Ma. These two time intervals correspond to the late Oligocene glacial maximum and the Oligocene–Miocene and early Miocene glacial intervals Mi1 and Mi1a. This provides evidence for the increasing importance of glacial denudation during the Oligocene, which led to an enhanced phosphorus flux into the ocean. Cooler climates also promoted the efficient transfer of phosphorus to thermocline waters by increased upwelling. Subsidiary phases of phosphogenesis during the intervening warm periods are explained by the weathering of glacial legacy sediments. These observations suggest that during the transition from greenhouse to icehouse conditions in the Oligocene and Miocene, new and radical changes in the global phosphorus cycle affected and partly inverted feedback mechanisms between climate, geochemical cycles and life, and profoundly influenced the biosphere and its evolution.
Outcomes for patients with second primary malignancy after primary surgical treatment for early‐stage squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity
Authors: Suton Petar , Prpic Marin , Tarle Marko , Mamic Matija , Nikles Iva , Luksic Ivica 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of our article was to describe a tertiary center's experience with patients with primarily surgically treated early‐stage intraoral cancer with a second primary malignancy confirmed during follow‐up.MethodsA total of 183 patients were primarily surgically treated for oral cancer between 2000 and 2004. Among these, 24 patients (13.1% (24/183)) met inclusion criteria.ResultsThere were 22 men (91.7%) and 2 women (8.3%) with a median age of 59.5 years. Patients with head and neck cancer with a second primary malignancy had significantly higher survival compared to nonhead and neck cancer with a second primary malignancy. Patients with head and neck cancer with second primary malignancy were diagnosed during the period of 14 to 45 months (median 29 months), whereas nonhead and neck cancer with second primary malignancy occurred in a period of 7 to 46 months (median 19 months).ConclusionThis study highlights the importance of optimizing screening strategies for second primary malignancies. In order to improve the survival of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), effective programs of screening and/or chemoprevention of second primary malignancies are essential.
Gait biomechanics after combined HTO‐ACL reconstruction versus HTO alone: A matched cohort study
Authors: Marriott Kendal , Birmingham Trevor B. , Pinto Ryan , Primeau Codie , Bryant Dianne , Degen Ryan , Giffin J. Robert 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTThe purpose of the present study was to compare bilateral external knee moments during gait in patients with concomitant medial compartment knee OA, varus alignment and chronic anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) deficiency who underwent either medial opening‐wedge high tibial osteotomy alone (HTO) or simultaneous HTO and ACL reconstruction (HTO‐ACLR). Fifty‐two patients (26 matched pairs) completed 3D gait analysis preoperatively and at a minimum 5 years postoperatively. Patients were matched for preoperative age, sex, body mass index and magnitude of correction. Primary outcomes selected a priori were the peak knee adduction moment (KAM) and knee flexion (KFM) moment during stance. Moments were compared using mixed model repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA). For the peak KAM, there was a significant time by limb interaction. For both groups, there were similar reductions in the peak KAM 5 years postoperatively in the surgical limb only [−1.34 %BW × Ht (−1.71, −0.96) and −1.72 %BW × Ht (−1.99, −1.44) for HTO and HTO‐ACLR, respectively]. For the peak KFM, there was a significant time by group by limb interaction. There was a decrease in the peak KFM 5 years postoperatively in the HTO group [−0.88 %BW × Ht (−1.45, −0.31)] but not in the HTO‐ACLR group [0.03 %BW × Ht (−0.43, 0.48)]. These results suggest that individuals with medial knee OA, varus alignment and chronic ACL deficiency who undergo simultaneous medial opening‐wedge HTO and ACL reconstruction may not experience the same long‐term (5 year) changes in sagittal plane knee biomechanics observed in patients undergoing HTO alone. © 2018 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res
The interaction effect between vibrations and temperature simulating truck transport on the flavor stability of beer
Authors: Paternoster Alexander , Jaskula‐Goiris Barbara , De Causmaecker Brecht , Vanlanduit Steve , Springael Johan , Braet Johan , De Rouck Gert , De Cooman Luc 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDBeer flavor stability is important to brewers as a result of the increased global demand for beer. Increasing export leads to prolonged periods of transportation and storage and causes fresh flavor deterioration. Therefore, the present study examined the effect of different temperatures in combination with vibrations on beer quality. Beer was exposed to vibrations (50 Hz, 15 m s−2, simulating transport) at 5, 30 and 45 °C for 22, 38 and 90 h and (for half the samples) aged for 60 days at 30 °C.RESULTSThe results obtained indicated decreased oxygen concentrations as a result of an elevated temperature and vibrations. There was no effect (P > 0.05) on color and a limited effect of temperature and vibrations on iso‐α‐acids. The parameters temperature and vibrations have a significant influence (P < 0.05) on aldehyde concentrations, namely total aldehydes, and especially ‘2‐methylpropanal’, ‘2‐methylbutanal’ and ‘furfural’.CONCLUSIONThe impact of vibrations on the aldehydes concentrations was substantial when subjected to an elevated temperature. Furthermore, a forced aging test of shorter duration than traditional methods might be developed. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Bioelectrical Impedance Phase Angle and Morbidity and Mortality in Critically Ill Children
Authors: Zamberlan Patrícia , Feferbaum Rubens , Doria Filho Ulysses , Brunow de Carvalho Werther , Figueiredo Delgado Artur 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBackgroundNutrition markers may be useful for diagnosis and monitoring and, also, as additional indicators of estimating death risk. We tested the association of body composition indicators (mid–upper arm circumference and phase angle) with pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) length of stay and mortality in critically ill pediatric patients.MethodsData from children aged 2 months–18 years were collected, and bioelectrical impedance was performed to obtain phase angle. Severity was evaluated by scoring the Pediatric Index of Mortality. Descriptive statistics were reported for nominal variables. Receiver operating characteristic curve was used to analyze the association of phase angle with 30‐day mortality and to find the best cutoff. Survival probabilities and PICU length of stay were estimated using the Kaplan‐Meier method.ResultsWe evaluated 247 children with a median age of 4.8 years whose main cause of admission was sepsis. Survival curves showed higher survival in patients with phase angle >2.8° compared with patients with phase angle ≤2.8° (P < .0001). Kaplan‐Meier time‐to‐event analysis showed that children with lower phase angle values were more likely to remain in the PICU (hazard ratio, 1.84; P = .003). Lower survival was also observed in patients who presented mid–upper arm circumference values ≤5th percentile (P < .03).ConclusionsMid–upper arm circumference and phase angle were associated with mortality and morbidity in critically ill children, suggesting that these parameters may be useful not only for nutrition diagnosis and monitoring, but also as an additional indicator in estimating prognosis.
Energy‐Intensive Random Block Copolymers of 3,3‐Bis (Nitratomethyl) Oxetane and 3‐Azidomethyl‐3‐ Methyloxetane
Authors: Mukhametshin Timur I. , Sharipov Rail I. , Petrov Vladimir A. , Kostochko Anatoly V. , Vinogradov Dmitry B. , Bulatov Pavel V. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractCopolymerization of 3,3‐bis (nitratomethyl) oxetane and 3‐azidomethyl‐3‐methyloxetane was carried out in the presence of the triisobutyl‐aluminum‐water catalyst system. The structure of synthesized high‐molecular copolymers was proven with 13C and 1H NMR, IR‐Fourier spectroscopy, GPC, and elemental analysis. The data on relaxation and phase transitions as well as the thermal decomposition of copolymers were obtained using the DSC method.
Percentile‐based control chart design with an application to Shewhart X̅ and S2 control charts
Authors: Faraz Alireza , Saniga Erwin , Montgomery Douglas 
Published: October 2018

AbstractWe present a method to design control charts such that in‐control and out‐of‐control run lengths are guaranteed with prespecified probabilities. We call this method the percentile‐based approach to control chart design. This method is an improvement over the classical and popular statistical design approach employing constraints on in‐control and out‐of‐control average run lengths since we can ensure with prespecified probability that the actual in‐control run length exceeds a desired magnitude. Similarly, we can ensure that the out‐of‐control run length is less than a desired magnitude with prespecified probability. Some numerical examples illustrate the efficacy of this design method.