bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Highly Dynamic Nanocomposite Hydrogels Self‐Assembled by Metal Ion‐Ligand Coordination
Authors: Zhang Kunyu , Yuan Weihao , Wei Kongchang , Yang Boguang , Chen Xiaoyu , Li Zhuo , Zhang Zhiyong , Bian Liming 
Published: March 2019

AbstractHydrogels are emerging biomaterials with desirable physicochemical characteristics. Doping of metal ions such as Ca2+, Mg2+, and Fe2+ provides the hydrogels with unique attributes, including bioactivity, conductivity, and tunability. Traditionally, this doping is achieved by the interaction between metal ions and corresponding ligands or the direct incorporation of as‐prepared metal‐based nanoparticles (NPs). However, these approaches rely on a complex and laborious preparation and are typically restricted to few selected ion species. Herein, by mixing aqueous solutions of ligands (bisphosphonates, BPs), polymer grafted with ligands, and metal ions, a series of self‐assembled metallic‐ion nanocomposite hydrogels that are stabilized by the in situ formed ligand‐metal ion (BP‐M) NPs are prepared. Owing to the universal coordination between BPs and multivalent metal ions, the strategy is highly versatile and can be generalized for a wide array of metal ions. Such hydrogels exhibit a wide spectrum of mechanical properties and remarkable dynamic properties, such as excellent injectability, rapid stress relaxation, efficient ion diffusion, and triggered disassembly for harvesting encapsulated cells. Meanwhile, the hydrogels can be conveniently coated or patterned onto the surface of metals via electrophoresis. This work presents a universal strategy to prepare designer nanocomposite materials with highly tunable and dynamic behaviors.
Prevalence and Psychiatric Risk Factors of Excessive Internet Use among Northern Bangladeshi Job-Seeking Graduate Students: A Pilot Study
Authors: Mamun Mohammed A. , Rafi Md. Abdur , Al Mamun A. H. M. Shamim , Hasan Md. Zahid , Akter Konok , Hsan Kamrul , Griffiths Mark D. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAlthough internet addiction (IA) has been the subject of research in many countries, it is poorly studied in Bangladesh, and previous studies in the country have not examined potential mental health risk factors in relation to the development of IA. The present pilot study attempted to assess the prevalence and associated risk factors of IA among a convenience sample of recently graduated university students actively looking for a job (N = 284) from July to October 2018 in Rajshahi (a city in Bangladesh). The measures included socio-demographic and behavioral variables, the Internet Addiction Test (IAT), and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale. Surprisingly, no cases of IA were identified in the sample (i.e., the prevalence rate of IA was 0%) which may have been a consequence of the specific population sampled. A total of 3.9% of the participants (n = 11) were classified as excessive users (≥ 60 in IAT). Using regression analysis, the risk factors for excessive internet use were spending more time online (> 5 h daily) and experiencing psychiatric conditions (i.e., depression, stress). It is hoped the present pilot study will facilitate further study in Bangladesh with a more in-depth focus on the socio-demographic and psychiatric morbidities in excessive and problematic internet use. It is also speculated that job-seeking may be a situational protective risk factor for developing IA.
Tied Together: Adolescent Friendship Networks, Immigrant Status, and Health Outcomes
Authors: McMillan Cassie 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
This study examines the social integration of adolescent immigrants by directly analyzing the composition of their friendship networks. Using statistical network analysis, I first consider whether adolescents are more likely to befriend peers who share their immigrant generation status in a large, diverse sample of 7th through 12th graders from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (n = 67,586). Next, I test whether having a higher proportion of same-generation friends can protect immigrant youth from experiencing negative health outcomes and adopting risky behaviors. Results indicate that adolescents are more likely to form friendships with peers who share their immigrant generation status and that this tendency is particularly strong for first-generation immigrants. Furthermore, immigrant youth with greater proportions of same-generation friends are less likely to report several negative health behaviors and outcomes. My findings suggest that same-generation friendships can serve as a protective mechanism for immigrant youth, which may help explain the existence of an immigrant health paradox.
Mitigation of stimulated Raman scattering in kilowatt-level diode-pumped fiber amplifiers with chirped and tilted fiber Bragg gratings
Authors: Wang Meng , Liu Le , Wang Zefeng , Xi Xiaoming , Xu Xiaojun 
Published: March 2019

The average power of diode-pumped fiber lasers has been developed deeply into the kW regime in the past years. However, stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) is still a major factor limiting the further power scaling. Here, we have demonstrated the mitigation of SRS in kilowatt-level diode-pumped fiber amplifiers using a chirped and tilted fiber Bragg grating (CTFBG) for the first time. The CTFBG is designed and inscribed in large-mode-area (LMA) fibers, matching with the operating wavelength of the fiber amplifier. With the CTFBG inserted between the seed laser and the amplifier stage, an SRS suppression ratio of ${\sim}10~\text{dB}$ is achieved in spectrum at the maximum output laser power of 2.35 kW, and there is no reduction in laser slope efficiency and degradation in beam quality. This work proves the feasibility and practicability of CTFBGs for SRS suppression in high-power fiber lasers, which is very useful for the further power scaling.
Positivity and continued fractions from the binomial transformation
Authors: Zhu Bao-Xuan 
Published: March 2019

AbstractGiven a sequence of polynomials$\{x_k(q)\}_{k \ges 0}$, define the transformation$$y_n(q) = a^n\sum\limits_{i = 0}^n {\left( \matrix{n \cr i} \right)} b^{n-i}x_i(q)$$for$n\ges 0$. In this paper, we obtain the relation between the Jacobi continued fraction of the ordinary generating function ofyn(q) and that ofxn(q). We also prove that the transformation preservesq-TPr+1(q-TP) property of the Hankel matrix$[x_{i+j}(q)]_{i,j \ges 0}$, in particular forr= 2,3, implying ther-q-log-convexity of the sequence$\{y_n(q)\}_{n\ges 0}$. As applications, we can give the continued fraction expressions of Eulerian polynomials of typesAandB, derangement polynomials typesAandB, general Eulerian polynomials, Dowling polynomials and Tanny-geometric polynomials. In addition, we also prove the strongq-log-convexity of derangement polynomials typeB, Dowling polynomials and Tanny-geometric polynomials and 3-q-log-convexity of general Eulerian polynomials, Dowling polynomials and Tanny-geometric polynomials. We also present a new proof of the result of Pólya and Szegö about the binomial convolution preserving the Stieltjes moment property and a new proof of the result of Zhu and Sun on the binomial transformation preserving strongq-log-convexity.
High-gain cavity backed patch antenna arrays at 140 GHz based on LTCC technology
Authors: Qi Zihang , Li Xiuping , Chu Jinjin , Xiao Jun , Zhu Hua 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIn this paper, high-gain cavity backed patch antenna arrays are proposed based on low temperature co-fired ceramic technology at 140 GHz. By introducing a substrate integrated cavity to the patch antenna element, the gain is enhanced by 3.3 dB. Moreover, a rectangular ring is loaded around the patch for better impedance matching and further gain enhancement. The final simulated maximum gain of the proposed antenna element is 9.8 dBi. Based on the proposed high-gain antenna element, a 4 × 4-element array and an 8 × 8- element array are presented. The 4 × 4-element array shows a measured maximum gain of 16.9 dBi with 9.5 GHz bandwidth (136.2–145.7 GHz) and the 8 × 8-element array shows a measured maximum gain of 21.8 dBi with 9.8 GHz bandwidth(136.7–146.5 GHz), respectively.
Signatures of Cold Ions in a Kinetic Simulation of the Reconnecting Magnetopause
Authors: Dargent J. , Aunai N. , Lavraud B. , Toledo‐Redondo S. , Califano F. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAt the Earth's magnetopause, a low‐energy ion population of ionospheric origin is commonly observed at the magnetospheric side. In this work we use a 2‐D fully kinetic simulation to identify several original signatures related to the dynamics of cold ions involved in magnetic reconnection at the asymmetric dayside magnetopause. We identify several original signatures of the cold ions dynamics driven by the development of magnetic reconnection at the asymmetric dayside magnetopause. We find that cold ions tend to rarefy in the diffusion region, while their density is enhanced as a result of compression along magnetospheric separatrices. We also observe the formation of crescent‐shaped cold ion distribution functions along the separatrices in the near‐exhaust region, and we present an analytical model to explain this signature. Finally, we give evidence of a localized parallel heating of cold ions. These signatures should be detected with the magnetospheric multiscale mission high‐resolution observations.
Glycolytic flux in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is dependent on RNA polymerase III and its negative regulator Maf1
Authors: Szatkowska Roza , Garcia-Albornoz Manuel , Roszkowska Katarzyna , Holman Stephen W. , Furmanek Emil , Hubbard Simon J. , Beynon Robert J. , Adamczyk Malgorzata 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Protein biosynthesis is energetically costly, is tightly regulated and is coupled to stress conditions including glucose deprivation. RNA polymerase III (RNAP III)-driven transcription of tDNA genes for production of tRNAs is a key element in efficient protein biosynthesis. Here we present an analysis of the effects of altered RNAP III activity on the Saccharomyces cerevisiae proteome and metabolism under glucose-rich conditions. We show for the first time that RNAP III is tightly coupled to the glycolytic system at the molecular systems level. Decreased RNAP III activity or the absence of the RNAP III negative regulator, Maf1 elicit broad changes in the abundance profiles of enzymes engaged in fundamental metabolism in S. cerevisiae. In a mutant compromised in RNAP III activity, there is a repartitioning towards amino acids synthesis de novo at the expense of glycolytic throughput. Conversely, cells lacking Maf1 protein have greater potential for glycolytic flux.
Serum from Jiao-Tai-Wan treated rats increases glucose consumption by 3T3-L1 adipocytes through AMPK pathway signaling
Authors: Yuan Lin , Tang Peng , Li Hui-Jiao , Hu Na , Zhong Xiao-Yu , Lin Min , Sun Yin-Qiang , Lu Min , Lu Xiong 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from insulin resistance. Jiao-Tai-Wan (JTW), a traditional Chinese medicine consisting of a 10:1 formulation of Rhizoma Coptidis (RC) and Cortex Cinnamomi (cinnamon) was shown to have hypoglycemic efficacy in a type 2 diabetic mouse model. Here we investigated whether glucose consumption by insulin-resistant adipocytes could be modulated by serum from JTW-treated rats, and if so, through what mechanism. JTW-medicated serum was prepared from rats following oral administration of JTW decoction twice a day for 4 days. Fully differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes – rendered insulin resistance by dexamethasone treatment – were cultured in medium containing JTW-medicated rat serum. JTW-medicated serum treatment increased glucose uptake, up-regulated levels of phosphorylated adenosine 5′-monophoshate-activated protein kinase (p-AMPK), and stimulated expression and translocation of glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4). JTW-medicated serum induced significantly greater up-regulation of p-AMPK and GLUT4 than either RC or cinnamon-medicated serum. JTW-medicated serum induced effects on 3T3-L1 adipocytes could be partially inhibited by treatment with the AMPK inhibitor compound C. In conclusion, JTW-medicated serum increased glucose consumption by IR adipocytes partially through the activation of the AMPK pathway, and JTW was more effective on glucose consumption than either RC or cinnamon alone.
Deciphering the role of trehalose in hindering antithrombin polymerization
Authors: Naseem Asma , Khan Mohammad Sazzad , Ali Hashim , Ahmad Irshad , Jairajpuri Mohamad Aman 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Serine protease inhibitors (serpins) family have a complex mechanism of inhibition that requires a large scale conformational change. Antithrombin (AT), a member of serpin superfamily serves as a key regulator of the blood coagulation cascade, deficiency of which leads to thrombosis. In recent years, a handful of studies have identified small compounds that retard serpin polymerization but abrogated the normal activity. Here, we screened small molecules to find potential leads that can reduce AT polymer formation. We identified simple sugar molecules that successfully blocked polymer formation without a significant loss of normal activity of AT under specific buffer and temperature conditions. Of these, trehalose proved to be most promising as it showed a marked decrease in the bead like polymeric structures of AT shown by electron microscopic analysis. A circular dichroism (CD) analysis indicated alteration in the secondary structure profile and an increased thermal stability of AT in the presence of trehalose. Guanidine hydrochloride (GdnHCl)-based unfolding studies of AT show the formation of a different intermediate in the presence of trehalose. A time-dependent fluorescence study using 1,1′-bi(4-anilino)naphthalene-5,5′-disulfonic acid (Bis-ANS) shows that trehalose affects the initial conformational change step in transition from native to polymer state through its binding to exposed hydrophobic residues on AT thus making AT less polymerogenic. In conclusion, trehalose holds promise by acting as an initial scaffold that can be modified to design similar compounds with polymer retarding propensity.
MIR100HG: a credible prognostic biomarker and an oncogenic lncRNA in gastric cancer
Authors: Li Jun , Xu Qingfeng , Wang Wen , Sun Shaojun 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
The MIR100HG expression was observed to be up-regulated or down-regulated in human cancer tissues depending on tumor types. However, there was no report about the role of MIR100HG in gastric cancer. In our study, we first found levels of MIR100HG expression were increased in gastric cancer cell lines and tissue samples compared with normal gastric epithelial cell line and adjacent normal gastric mucosa tissue samples, respectively. Moreover, high MIR100HG expression was positively associated with clinical stage, tumor invasion, lymph node metastasis, and distant metastasis in gastric cancer patients. Survival analysis showed MIR100HG expression was negative correlated with clinical outcome in gastric cancer patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database or our study, and high MIR100HG expression served as an independent poor prognostic factor for gastric cancer patient’s overall survival. The study in vitro suggested down-regulation of MIR100HG expression inhibits cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in gastric cancer. In conclusion, MIR100HG is a credible prognostic biomarker and functions as an oncogenic lncRNA in gastric cancer.
Pharmacologic normalization of pathogenic dosage underlying genetic diseases: an overview of the literature and path forward
Authors: Poirier Mathieu B. , Hadwen Jeremiah , MacKenzie Alex 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Most monogenic disorders are caused by a pathologic deficit or excess of a single transcript and/or protein. Given that small molecules, including drugs, can affect levels of mRNA and protein, the pharmacologic normalization of such pathogenic dosage represents a possible therapeutic approach for such conditions. Here, we review the literature exploring pharmacologic modulation of mRNA and/or protein levels for disorders with paralogous modifier genes, for haploinsufficient disorders (insufficient gene-product), as well as toxic gain-of-function disorders (surplus or pathologic gene-product). We also discuss challenges facing the development of rare disease therapy by pharmacologic modulation of mRNA and protein. Finally, we lay out guiding principles for selection of disorders which may be amenable to this approach.
Model-independent cosmic acceleration and redshift-dependent intrinsic luminosity in type-Ia supernovae
Authors: Tutusaus I. , Lamine B. , Blanchard A. 
Published: March 2019

Context. The cosmological concordance model (ΛCDM) is the current standard model in cosmology thanks to its ability to reproduce the observations. The first observational evidence for this model appeared roughly 20 years ago from the type-Ia supernovae (SNIa) Hubble diagram from two different groups. However, there has been some debate in the literature concerning the statistical treatment of SNIa, and their stature as proof of cosmic acceleration.
Aims. In this paper we relax the standard assumption that SNIa intrinsic luminosity is independent of redshift, and examine whether it may have an impact on our cosmological knowledge and more precisely on the accelerated nature of the expansion of the universe.
Methods. To maximise the scope of this study, we do not specify a given cosmological model, but we reconstruct the expansion rate of the universe through a cubic spline interpolation fitting the observations of the different cosmological probes: SNIa, baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO), and the high-redshift information from the cosmic microwave background (CMB).
Results. We show that when SNIa intrinsic luminosity is not allowed to vary as a function of redshift, cosmic acceleration is definitely proven in a model-independent approach. However, allowing for redshift dependence, a nonaccelerated reconstruction of the expansion rate is able to fit, at the same level of ΛCDM, the combination of SNIa and BAO data, both treating the BAO standard ruler rd as a free parameter (not entering on the physics governing the BAO), and adding the recently published prior from CMB observations. We further extend the analysis by including the CMB data. In this case we also consider a third way to combine the different probes by explicitly computing rd from the physics of the early universe, and we show that a nonaccelerated reconstruction is able to nicely fit this combination of low- and high-redshift data. We also check that this reconstruction is compatible with the latest measurements of the growth rate of matter perturbations. We finally show that the value of the Hubble constant (H0) predicted by this reconstruction is in tension with model-independent measurements.
Conclusions. We present a model-independent reconstruction of a nonaccelerated expansion rate of the universe that is able to fit all the main background cosmological probes nicely. However, the predicted value of H0 is in tension with recent direct measurements. Our analysis points out that a final reliable and consensual value for H0 is critical to definitively prove cosmic acceleration in a model-independent way.
Structure and evolution of the photospheric magnetic field in 2010–2017: comparison of SOLIS/VSM vector field and BLOS potential field
Authors: Virtanen Ilpo I. , Pevtsov Alexei A. , Mursula Kalevi 
Published: March 2019

Context. The line-of-sight (LOS) component of the large-scale photospheric magnetic field has been observed since the 1950s, but the daily full-disk observations of the full vector magnetic field started only in 2010 using the SOLIS Vector Stokes Magnetograph (VSM) and the SDO helioseismic and magnetic imager (HMI). Traditionally, potential field extrapolations are based on the assumption that the magnetic field in the photosphere is approximately radial. The validity of this assumption has not been tested yet.
Aims. We investigate here the structure and evolution of the three components of the solar large-scale magnetic field in 2010–2017, covering the ascending to mid-declining phase of solar cycle 24, using SOLIS/VSM vector synoptic maps of the photospheric magnetic field.
Methods. We compare the observed VSM vector magnetic field to the potential vector field derived using the VSM LOS magnetic field observations as an input. The new vector field data allow us to derive the meridional inclination and the azimuth angle of the magnetic field and to investigate their solar cycle evolution and latitudinal profile of these quantities.
Results. SOLIS/VSM vector data show that the photospheric magnetic field is in general fairly non-radial. In the meridional plane the field is inclined toward the equator, reflecting the dipolar structure of the solar magnetic field. Rotationally averaged meridional inclination does not have significant solar cycle variation. While the vector radial component Br and the potential radial component BPFSSr are fairly similar, the meridional and zonal components do not agree very well. We find that SOLIS/VSM vector observations are noisy at high latitudes and suffer from the vantage point effect more than LOS observations. This is due to different noise properties in the LOS and transverse components of the magnetic field, which needs to be addressed in future studies.
Electron capture in slow collisions of O6+ions with atomic hydrogen
Authors: Lin Xiaohe , Wu Yong , Wang J. G. , Shao Bin , Janev R. K. 
Published: March 2019

Aims. Electron capture in collisions of highly charged O6+ions with ground-state hydrogen atoms is a very important process in solar wind X-ray studies.Methods. In the present study, the full quantum-mechanical molecular-orbital close-coupling method is employed to study electron capture reactions in collisions of O6+ion with ground-state atomic hydrogen in the energy region from 10−4keV u−1to 5 keV u−1. The ab initio multi-reference single- and double-excitation configuration interaction (MRD-CI) method is used to calculate the potential and coupling data used in the QMOCC calculations.Results. Total and state-selective cross sections for the dominant and subdominant reaction channels are calculated and compared with the available experimental and theoretical data. The branching ratios for Lithium-like O5+excited ions are used to calculate the contribution of cascade radiative transitions fromn = 5 levels to the population of 4l states. From the calculated cross sections, reaction rate coefficients are obtained for temperatures between 1000 and 1 × 109K and compared with other calculations.
Do Anthropometric and Aerobic Parameters Predict a Professional Career for Adolescent Skiers?
Authors: Windhaber Jana , Steinbauer Monica , Castellani Christoph , Singer Georg , Till Holger , Schober Peter 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate whether spiroergometry performance in adolescent alpine ski racers can predict later advancement to a professional career. Over 10 consecutive years, adolescent skiers of the regional Austrian Youth Skier Squad (local level) underwent annual medical examinations, including exhaustive bicycle spiroergometry. The performance was determined at fixed (2 and 4 mmol/l serum lactate) and individual (individual anaerobic threshold (IAT) and lactate equivalent (LAE)) thresholds. Data from the last available test were compared between skiers who later advanced to the professional level (Austrian national ski team) and those who did not. Ninety-seven alpine skiers (n=51 male; n=46 female); mean age 16.6 years (range 15–18) were included. Of these, 18 adolescents (n=10 male; n=8 female) entered a professional career. No significant differences were found for maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max). Athletes advancing to the professional level had significantly higher performance and VO2 at LAE. Additionally, male professionals had significantly higher performances at fixed thresholds and the IAT. The performance and VO2 at the LAE, and thus the ability to produce power at a particular metabolic threshold, was the most relevant spiroergometric parameter to predict a later professional career.