bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Controllable Coordination Self‐Assembly Based on Flexibility of Ligands: Synthesis of Supramolecular Assemblies and Stimuli‐Driven Structural Transformations
Authors: Hou Haiyang , Zhou Kang , Jiang Feilong , Chen QiHui , Hong Maochun 
Published: August 2018

AbstractCoordination self‐assemblies have attracted more and more attentions from chemists because of their beautiful structures and wide applications, and a number of excellent reviews that focus on either synthesis or application have been published. This paper will hightlight how to controllablly construct supramolecular assemblies based on flexibility of ligands driven by different external stimuli. Herein, not only various discrete metal‐organic aggregates including M2L2 type metallocycles, M2L4/M2L6/M3L2/M6L4/M6L8 type metallocages have been prepared, but also many well‐organized ensembles based on such new‐formed discrete aggretates have been further assembled driven by suitable external stimuli. Also, controllable self‐assembly processes accompanied with structure changes have been developed. It is expected that this paper will provide a potential strategy for developing novel coordination assemblies that can be comparable to biomacromolecules from organism.
A Case Series Study of Odontoid Fracture in the Elderly: A Severe Fracture Occurring Most Frequently in Osteoporotic Subjects
Authors: Natella Lauren , Bronsard Nicolas , Allia Jeremy , Hekayem Laurent , Euller‐Ziegler Liana , De Peretti Fernand , Breuil Véronique 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACTThe WHO definition of osteoporosis excludes cervical fractures. Recent studies suggest that atraumatic odontoid fractures (OF) may be favored by osteoporosis but global bone status for osteoporosis diagnosis has not been described. We present a case series of patients >65 years old hospitalized for low‐energy OF who had an evaluation of their bone status within 3 months after fracture, including clinical risk factors of osteoporosis, bone mineral density (BMD), vertebral fracture assessment (VFA) by dual X‐ray absorptiometry, and laboratory tests. Osteoporosis was defined as a T‐score ≤ −2.5 on at least one site, or a bone fragility fracture associated with a T‐score ≤ −1 at one site. Thirty‐three patients were hospitalized for OF, 30 of them as a consequence of a low‐energy impact: 20 women and 10 men (mean age: 85 years). Eight patients died before bone evaluation, four refused, and six were lost to follow‐up. Twelve patients were included: 11 women and one man (mean age: 83.8 years). Ten out of twelve patients fulfilled diagnostic criteria of osteoporosis, including eight with previous osteoporotic fractures (six severe fractures). Eight fulfilled specific treatment of osteoporosis criteria, but only two were treated. The mean follow‐up period was 12.2 ± 4.1 months. Prior to OF occurrence, all lived at home and were independent; at the time of discharge, six went to a nursing home. At 3 months of follow‐up (n = 10), one was dead and nine lived at home. At 12 months (n = 9), two were dead and seven lived at home. This study provides for the first time a classical evaluation of osteoporotic status for low‐energy OF in the elderly and shows that it occurs in osteoporotic subjects. These preliminary results require larger‐scale studies to determine whether OF could be considered as a severe osteoporotic fracture. © 2018 The Authors. JBMR Plus is published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Adenosine diphosphate–sensitive P2Y11 receptor inhibits endothelial cell proliferation by induction of cell cycle arrest in the S phase and induces the expression of inflammatory mediators
Authors: Chen Xiaobin , Xiao Bolin , Yang Mei , Chen Meifang , Xiao Zhilin 
Published: August 2018

AbstractExtracellular adenosine diphosphate (ADP) mediates a wide range of physiological effects as an extracellular signaling molecule, including platelet aggregation, vascular tone, cell proliferation, and apoptosis by interacting with plasma membrane P2 receptors. However, the effect of ADP on cell proliferation was contradictory. In this study, we found that ADP significantly inhibited cell proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells at high concentrations (50 to 100 µM). Treatment with ADP did not induce cell apoptosis but instead induced cell cycle arrest in the S phase, which may be partly due to the downregulation of cyclin B1. The inhibition of cell proliferation was blocked by suramin, a nonspecific antagonist of the P2 receptors, and high concentrations of ADP significantly upregulated the messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expression of P2Y11 in endothelial cells. Moreover, the downregulation of P2Y11 by RNA interference reversed the inhibition of cell proliferation. In addition, ADP (100 µM) can induce the formation of cytosolic autophagy in endothelial cells and a rapid phosphorylation of extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2, which is a canonical signal molecule downstream of P2Y receptors, accompanied by a mRNA expression of proinflammatory cytokines such as intercellular adhesion molecule 1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1. Taken together, our study excludes a mechanism for extracellular ADP impairing endothelial cells proliferation via P2Y11 receptor by downregulating cyclin B1 and arresting cell cycle at the S phase, besides, ADP induces cell autophagy and mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines, whether it is mediated by Erk signaling pathways needs further studies to confirm.
The “mechanostat” principle in cell differentiation. The osteochondroprogenitor paradigm
Authors: Tyrovola Joanna B. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe “mechanostat” principle may be depicted as an oscillating signal of a signaling molecule, in which the amplitude, frequency, cumulative level, delay, and duration of the curve encode the information for concrete cellular responses and biological activities. When the oscillating signal is kept sustained (present delay), cell exit may be performed, whereas when the oscillating signal remains robust, cell proliferation may take place. B‐catenin–Wnt signaling pathway has a key role in the differentiation of osteochondroprogenitor cells. Sustained downregulation of the β‐catenin–Wnt pathway forces osteochondroprogenitors to a chondrogenic fate instead of an osteoblastic one. Other signaling, for example, bone morphogenetic protein and Notch signaling pathways interact with the Wnt pathway. The crosstalk between biochemical and mechanical stimuli produces the final information that leads to the final cell fate decisions, through the “mechanostat” principle.
Downregulated microRNA‐340‐5p promotes proliferation and inhibits apoptosis of chondrocytes in osteoarthritis mice through inhibiting the extracellular signal‐regulated kinase signaling pathway by negatively targeting the FMOD gene
Authors: Zhang Weikai , Cheng Peng , Hu Weihua , Yin Weifeng , Guo Fengjing , Chen Anmin , Huang Hui 
Published: August 2018

PurposeOsteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease that leads to the destruction of joint function. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of microRNA‐340‐5p (miR‐340‐5p) and its target gene, FMOD, on the proliferation and apoptosis of chondrocytes in mice with OA through the extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway.MaterialsTwenty healthy C57BL/6J mice aged 15 months with a weight of 50 ± 2 g were selected. Ten mice were treated using a unilateral knee anterior cruciate ligament transection as well as a medial meniscectomy to establish the OA model. Besides, another 10 mice were used as the control group.MethodsA reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis methods were used to examine the expressions of related genes in cells of each group. A 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)2,5‐diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay and flow cytometry were also conducted to evaluate the cell function after transfection had been completed.ResultsThe expressions of fibromodulin (FMOD), type II collagen (Col II), B‐cell lymphoma‐2 (Bcl‐2), sex‐determining region of Y chromosome (SRY)‐related high‐mobility group‐box gene 9 (Sox9), and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) were decreased, whereas the expressions of miR‐340‐5p, runt‐related transcription factor‐2 (Runx2), Bcl‐2‐associated X protein (Bax), and ERK1/2 were elevated in the OA mice. Downregulation of miR‐340‐5p and upregulation of FMOD decreased the expressions of Runx2, Bax, and ERK1/2, and cell apoptosis of chondrocytes, and increased the expressions of FMOD, Col II, Bcl‐2, Sox9, and PCNA, and cell proliferation.ConclusionThis study suggests that downregulation of miR‐340‐5p plays a role in promoting cell proliferation and suppressing cell apoptosis of chondrocytes in OA mice through inhibition of the ERK signaling pathway via the FMOD gene.
The evolving role of analytics to determine hospital risk management staffing
Authors: Felton Kenneth W. , Howard Chrystina M. , Osgood Elizabeth 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThis article presents the evolution of an independently developed research project to gather time data from hospital and health care system risk managers to establish an objective, justifiable means of determining necessary staffing levels to support risk management activities and department functions. The authors relied on the data submitted by study participants and did not independently audit the numbers provided.
Rapid high‐resolution T1 mapping using a highly accelerated radial steady‐state free‐precession technique
Authors: Li Zhitao , Bilgin Ali , Johnson Kevin , Galons Jean‐Philippe , Vedantham Srinivasan , Martin Diego R. , Altbach Maria I. 
Published: August 2018

BackgroundT1 mapping is often used in some clinical protocols. Existing techniques are limited in slice coverage, and/or spatial‐temporal resolution, or require long acquisitions. Here we present a multi‐slice inversion‐recovery (IR) radial steady‐state free precession (radSSFP) pulse sequence combined with a principal component (PC) based reconstruction that overcomes these limitations.PurposeTo develop a fast technique for multi‐slice high‐resolution T1 mapping.Study TypeTechnical efficacy study done prospectively.Phantom/SubjectsIR‐radSSFP was tested in phantoms, five healthy volunteers, and four patients with abdominal lesions.Field Strength/SequenceIR‐radSSFP was implemented at 3T.AssessmentComputer simulations were performed to optimize the flip angle for T1 estimation; testing was done in phantoms using as reference an IR spin‐echo pulse sequence. T1 mapping with IR‐radSSFP was also assessed in vivo (brain and abdomen) and T1 values were compared with literature. T1 maps were also compared with a radial IR‐FLASH technique.Statistical TestsA two‐tailed t‐test was used to compare T1 values in phantoms. A repeatability study was carried out in vivo using Bland‐Altman analysis.ResultsSimulations and phantom experiments showed that a flip angle of 20˚ was optimal for T1 mapping. When comparing single to multi‐slice experiments in phantoms there were no significant differences between the means T1 values (P = 0.0475). In vivo results show that T1 maps with spatial resolution as high as 0.69 mm × 0.69 mm × 2.00 mm (brain) and 0.83 mm × 0.83 mm × 3.00 mm (abdomen) can be generated for 84 brain slices in 3 min and 10 abdominal slices in a breath‐hold; T1 values were comparable to those reported in literature. The coefficients of variation from the repeatability study were 1.7% for brain and 2.5–2.7% in the abdomen.Data ConclusionA multi‐slice IR‐radSSFP technique combined with a PC‐based reconstruction was demonstrated for higher resolution T1 mapping. This technique is fast, motion‐insensitive and yields repeatable T1 values comparable to those in literature.Level of Evidence: 2Technical Efficacy: Stage 1J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2019;49:239–252.
10‐Min 3D Turbo Spin Echo MRI of the Knee in Children: Arthroscopy‐Validated Accuracy for the Diagnosis of Internal Derangement
Authors: Fritz Jan , Ahlawat Shivani , Fritz Benjamin , Thawait Gaurav K. , Stern Steven E. , Raithel Esther , Klyce Walter , Lee Rushyuan J. 
Published: August 2018

BackgroundTen‐minute MRI of the pediatric knee can add value through increased cost‐effectiveness and decreased sedation needs but requires validation of its clinical efficacy.PurposeTo determine the arthroscopy‐based diagnostic accuracy and interreader reliability of 10‐min 3D Controlled Aliasing In Parallel Imaging Results In Higher Acceleration (CAIPIRINHA) turbo spin echo (TSE) MRI with two isotropic pulse sequences for the diagnosis of internal derangement in children with painful knee conditions.Study TypeProspective.SubjectsSixty children.Field Strength/Sequence3T, gradient echo‐based scout with automatic anatomical landmark recognition and plane prescription, 3D CAIPIRINHA SPACE TSE.AssessmentThree fellowship‐trained musculoskeletal radiologists evaluated the MRI studies independently and resolved discrepancies through consensus. Outcome variables included image quality, motion artifacts, meniscal abnormalities, anterior and posterior cruciate ligament tears, and cartilage lesions. Arthroscopic surgery served as the standard of reference, which was performed after 37 (range, 1–143) days post‐MRI.Statistical TestsDiagnostic accuracy analysis of MRI with arthroscopic surgery as the standard of reference. Reliability analysis through calculation of interreader agreements with kappa statistics.ResultsAll studies were suitable for diagnostic interpretation with good‐to‐very‐good image quality ratings and little‐to‐no motion degradation ratings in the majority of cases. The sensitivities/specificities/accuracies of 3D CAIPIRINHA TSE MRI were 0.93/0.96/0.94 for 15/60 (25%) medial meniscal tears, 0.95/0.92/0.94 for 21/60 (35%) lateral meniscal tears, 0.83/1.00/0.92 for 6/60 (17%) discoid menisci, 1.00/0.98/0.99 for 16/60 (27%) anterior cruciate ligament tears, 1.0/1.0/1.0 for 2/60 (3%) posterior cruciate ligament tears, 1.00/1.00/1.00 for 5/60 (8%) osteochondritis dissecans lesions, 0.71/0.96/0.84 for 48 (13%) defects in 360 cartilage segments, and 0.85/0.97/0.91 overall. The interreader agreements were overall good‐to‐very‐good (kappa, 0.72–1.00).Data ConclusionThe clinical use of 10‐min 3D CAIPIRINHA TSE MRI of the knee in children with painful knee conditions yields an overall high arthroscopy‐validated diagnostic accuracy of 91% and good‐to‐very good interreader reliability for the diagnosis of internal knee derangements.Level of Evidence: 1Technical Efficacy: Stage 6J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2019;49:e139–e151.
Cardiac Structure–Function MRI in Patients After Heart Transplantation
Authors: Dolan Ryan S. , Rahsepar Amir A. , Blaisdell Julie , Lin Kai , Suwa Kenichiro , Ghafourian Kambiz , Wilcox Jane E. , Khan Sadiya S. , Vorovich Esther E. , Rich Jonathan D. , Anderson Allen S. , Yancy Clyde W. , Collins Jeremy D. , Markl Michael , Carr James C. 
Published: August 2018

BackgroundFollowing heart transplantation (Tx), recipients are closely monitored using endomyocardial biopsy, which is limited by cost and invasiveness, and echocardiography, which is limited regarding detailed structural and functional evaluation.PurposeTo test the feasibility of comprehensive structure–function cardiac MRI as a noninvasive modality to assess changes in myocardial structure and function.Study TypeProspective.SubjectsMR was performed in 61 heart transplant recipients (age 47.9 ± 16.3 years, 39% female) and 14 age‐matched healthy controls (age 47.7 ± 16.7 years, 36% female).Field Strength/Sequence1.5T; 2D CINE steady state free precession (SSF)P imaging, T2‐mapping, pre‐ and postgadolinium contrast T1‐mapping, and tissue‐phase mapping (TPM).AssessmentQuantification of myocardial T2 (as a measure of edema), pre‐ and post‐Gd T1 (allowing calculation of extracellular volume (ECV) to estimate interstitial expansion), and TPM‐based assessment of peak regional left ventricular (LV) velocities, dyssynchrony, and twist.Statistical TestsComparisons between transplant recipients and controls were performed using independent samples t‐tests. Relationships between structural (T2, T1, ECV) and functional measures (myocardial velocities, dyssynchrony, twist) were assessed using Pearson correlation analysis.ResultsT2 and T1 were significantly elevated in transplant recipients compared to controls (global T2: 50.5 ± 3.4 msec vs. 45.2 ± 2.3 msec, P < 0.01; global T1: 1037.8 ± 48.0 msec vs. 993.8 ± 34.1 msec, P < 0.01). Systolic longitudinal function was impaired in transplant recipients compared to controls (reduced peak systolic longitudinal velocities, 2.9 ± 1.1 cm/s vs. 5.1 ± 1.2 cm/s, P < 0.01; elevated systolic longitudinal dyssynchrony, 60.2 ± 30.2 msec vs. 32.1 ± 25.1 msec, P < 0.01). Correlation analysis revealed a significant positive relationship between T2 and ECV (r = 0.45,P < 0.01). In addition, peak systolic longitudinal velocities demonstrated a significant inverse relationship with T2 (global r = –0.29, P = 0.02), and systolic radial dyssynchrony was positively associated with peak T2 and peak T1 (r = 0.26,P = 0.04; r = 0.27,P = 0.03).Data ConclusionMR techniques are sensitive to structural and functional differences in transplant recipients compared to controls. Structural (T2, T1) and functional (peak myocardial velocities, dyssynchrony) measures were significantly associated, suggesting a structure–function relationship of cardiac abnormalities following heart transplant.Level of Evidence: 2Technical Efficacy Stage: 2J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2019;49:678–687.
Generation and transmission equipment maintenance scheduling by transmission switching and phase shifting transformer
Authors: Behnia Hamid , Akhbari Mahdi 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThis paper models and investigates the incorporation of economic transmission switching (TS) into generation and transmission equipment maintenance scheduling (GTEMS) with the presence of phase shifting transformers. Adding TS and phase shifting transformer to the traditionally static transmission system makes it more flexible. The N‐1 secure GTEMS with TS problem is formulated as a mixed‐integer linear programming model. This problem is hard to solve by off‐the‐shelf commercial optimization solvers because on the one hand maintenance scheduling variables couple several time intervals together and on the other hand TS variables link normal and contingency states. A solution approach is proposed in this paper to address the problem's high computational burden, which decomposes the problem into a GTEMS subproblem and an optimal TS subproblem and solves them iteratively. The proposed model and decomposition approach are implemented on IEEE 30‐bus test system. The results demonstrate that considering TS in GTEMS alters the maintenance schedule and brings cost saving.
Clozapine impact on c‐Fos expression in mild stress preconditioned male rats exposed to a novelty stressor
Authors: Osacka Jana , Szelle Cernackova Alena , Horvathova Lubica , Majercikova Zuzana , Pirnik Zdeno , Kiss Alexander 
Published: August 2018

AbstractClozapine (CLZ) stimulates several brain areas some of them being sensitive to stress. Aim of the present study was to reveal whether 7‐day CLZ administration may: (1) activate the selected forebrain areas; (2) modulate response of these structures to a single forced swimming episode (FSW); (3) modulate response of these structures to FSW after 13‐day preconditioning with mild unpredictable stress complex (CMS). Used groups of male Wistar rats: (a) vehicle or CLZ treated for 7 days; (b) vehicle or CLZ treated for 7 days and on the 7th day exposed to FSW; (c) CMS exposed for 13 days, from the 8th day injected with vehicle or CLZ and on the 14th day exposed to FSW. Vehicle or CLZ (10 mg kg−1 day−1in 0.1% acetic acid) were administered intraperitoneally. c‐Fos quantification was performed 90 min after FSW in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), dorsolateral (dLS) and ventrolateral (vLS) septum, dorsolateral (DLStr) and dorsomedial (DMStr) striatum, nucleus accumbens shell (NAc shell) and core (NAc core), and hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN). In unstressed animals CLZ increased c‐Fos expression in the mPFC, vLS, and PVN. After a single FSW, CLZ decreased the number of c‐Fos immunoreactive cells in the vLS, DMStr, NAc shell, and NAc core. In CMS rats, CLZ suppressed c‐Fos immunoreactivity in response to FSW in the PVN. Our data indicate that CLZ elicits different impact on neuronal activities in the brain areas studied and modifies the response of these structures to stress. CLZ effect seems to be affected by stress duration.
Molecular species determination of oligosaccharides and glycoconjugates in soybean lecithin powders
Authors: Kang Jingjing , Yin Ru , Cao Dong 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDOligosaccharides and glycoconjugates in soybean lecithin powder are very important for the properties and functions of the materials that contain it. Oligosaccharides can trigger infusion reactions and color changes in soybean lecithin during medical injections; glycoconjugates in the form of glycolipids can also change the physical behavior of lecithin. The molecular components of oligosaccharides and glycoconjugates in soybean lecithin powder were studied in this paper.RESULTSThree oligosaccharides and 21 glycoconjugates were verified in soybean lecithin powders for the first time. Raffinose, sucrose, and stachyose were detected as the principal components of oligosaccharides by high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Twenty‐one glycoconjugates, including four steryl glucosides (SG), 13 acyl steryl glucosides (ASG), one digalactosyl diacylglycerol (DGDG), one monogalactosyl diacylglyceride (MGDG), one glucocerebroside (Glucer), and one glucose palmitate were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC), gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC‐MS) and RP‐UPLC‐Q‐TOF‐ESI‐MS. Glycoconjugates were constructed in soybean lecithin powder after separation by column chromatography, thin‐layer chromatography, and color reactions.CONCLUSIONThe determination of molecular species of oligosaccharides and glycoconjugates provided a new direction for the exploration of novel functions and uses of soybean lecithin powder. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Synthesis and characterization of MIL‐101(Cr) intercalated by polyaniline composite, doped with silica nanoparticles and its evaluation as an efficient solid‐phase extraction sorbent
Authors: Ghiasvand Ali Reza , Ghaedrahmati Leila , Heidari Nahid , Haddad Paul R. , Farhadi Saeid 
Published: August 2018

AbstractA metal–organic framework/polyaniline composite was synthesized and doped with silica nanoparticles. The structure and morphology of the composite were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. It was packed inside a cartridge and evaluated for the solid‐phase extraction of thymol and carvacrol, followed by gas chromatography with flame ionization detection measurement. The influence of the important experimental variables on the efficiency of the proposed method, including pH, ionic strength, volume of sample solution and type, and volume of eluent were studied and optimized. Under the optimal conditions, the relative standard deviations were found to be 3.8 and 9.8% for thymol and carvacrol, respectively, and the corresponding limits of detection were 0.1 and 1.0 ng/mL. The linear dynamic ranges for the calibration curves of the analytes were 10–10000 ng/mL, with determination coefficients (R2) > 0.993. The limits of quantifications were found to be 0.01 and 0.5 μg/mL, for thymol and carvacrol, respectively. The prepared nanocomposite sorbent was applied successfully to the extraction and determination of thymol and carvacrol in Lamiaceae plant extracts and a honey sample, with relative recoveries in the range of 90.28–122.0%.