bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Programmable Modulation for Extracellular Vesicles
Authors: Wang Yihua , Melvin Richard , Bemis Lynne T. , Worrell Gregory A. , Wang Hai-Long 
Published: March 2019

AbstractEvery living cell releases extracellular vesicles (EVs) that are critical for cellular signaling and a wide range of biological functions. The potential diagnostic and therapeutic applications of EVs are well recognized, and rapidly expanding. While a complete understanding of the molecular mechanisms underpinning EVs release remains elusive, here we demonstrate a novel method for programmable control of the release of EVs and their cargo using external electric fields. As a proof of principle, we use cultured rat astrocytes to demonstrate how the frequency of external electrical stimulation selectively modulates EV release, their surface proteins, and microRNA profiles. This method could broadly impact biological science and medical applications. First, it raises an interesting question of how endogenous electrical activity could modulate EV production. Second, it provides a novel mechanism for tuning therapeutic electrical stimulation that may be useful for treating brain disorders. Third, it provides a new way to generate EVs carrying desired cargos by tuning electrical stimulation parameters. Unlike chemical methods for creating EVs, electrical stimulation is a clean physical method with adjustable parameters including stimulation frequency, field strength and waveform morphology.
Distinct RhoGEFs activate apical and junctional actomyosin contractility under control of G proteins during epithelial morphogenesis
Authors: De Las Bayonas Alain Garcia , Philippe Jean-Marc , Lellouch Annemarie C. , Lecuit Thomas 
Published: March 2019

AbstractSmall RhoGTPases and Myosin-II direct cell shape changes and movements during tissue morphogenesis. Their activities are tightly regulated in space and time to specify the desired pattern of contractility that supports tissue morphogenesis. This is expected to stem from polarized surface stimuli and from polarized signaling processing inside cells. We examined this general problem in the context of cell intercalation that drives extension of theDrosophilaectoderm. In the ectoderm, G protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) and their downstream heterotrimeric G proteins (Gα and Gβγ) activate Rho1 both medial-apically, where it exhibits pulsed dynamics, and at junctions, where its activity is planar polarized (Kerridge et al., 2016; Munjal et al., 2015). However, the mechanisms responsible for polarizing Rho1 activity are unclear. In particular, it is unknown how Rho1 activity is controlled at junctions. We report a division of labor in the mechanisms of Rho1 activation in that distinct guanine exchange factors (GEFs), that serve as activators of Rho1, operate in these distinct cellular compartments. RhoGEF2 acts uniquely to activate medial-apical Rho1. Although RhoGEF2 is recruited both medial-apically and at junctions by Gα12/13-GTP, also called Concertina (Cta) inDrosophila, its activity is restricted to the medial-apical compartment. Furthermore, we characterize a novel RhoGEF, p114RhoGEF/Wireless (Wrl), and report its requirement for cell intercalation in the extending ectoderm. p114RhoGEF/Wireless activates Rho1 specifically at junctions. Strikingly it is restricted to adherens junctions and is under Gβ13F/Gγ1 control. Gβ13F/Gγ1 activates junctional Rho1 and exerts quantitative control over planar polarization of Rho1. In particular, overexpression of Gβ13F/Gγ1 leads to hyper planar polarization of Rho1 and MyoII. Finally, we found that p114RhoGEF/Wireless is absent in the mesoderm, arguing for a tissue-specific control over junctional Rho1 activity. These results shed light on the mechanisms of polarization of Rho1 activity in different cellular compartments and reveal that distinct GEFs are sensitive tuning parameters of cell contractility in remodeling epithelia.
Exploiting evolutionary herding to control drug resistance in cancer
Authors: Acar Ahmet , Nichol Daniel , Fernandez-Mateos Javier , Cresswell George D. , Barozzi Iros , Hong Sung Pil , Spiteri Inmaculada , Stubbs Mark , Burke Rosemary , Stewart Adam , Vlachogiannis Georgios , Maley Carlo C. , Magnani Luca , Valeri Nicola , Banerji Udai , Sottoriva Andrea 
Published: March 2019

AbstractDrug resistance mediated by clonal evolution is arguably the biggest problem in cancer therapy today. However, evolving resistance to one drug may come at a cost of decreased growth rate or increased sensitivity to another drug due to evolutionary trade-offs. This weakness can be exploited in the clinic using an approach called ‘evolutionary herding’ that aims at controlling the tumour cell population to delay or prevent resistance. However, recapitulating cancer evolutionary dynamics experimentally remains challenging. Here we present a novel approach for evolutionary herding based on a combination of single-cell barcoding, very large populations of 108–109cells grown without re-plating, longitudinal non-destructive monitoring of cancer clones, and mathematical modelling of tumour evolution. We demonstrate evolutionary herding in non-small cell lung cancer, showing that herding allows shifting the clonal composition of a tumour in our favour, leading to collateral drug sensitivity and proliferative fitness costs. Through genomic analysis and single-cell sequencing, we were also able to determine the mechanisms that drive such evolved sensitivity. Our approach allows modelling evolutionary trade-offs experimentally to test patient-specific evolutionary herding strategies that can potentially be translated into the clinic to control treatment resistance.
Concurrent-learning-based visual servo tracking and scene identification of mobile robots
Authors: Qiu Yu , Li Baoquan , Shi Wuxi , Chen Yimei 
Published: March 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present a visual servo tracking strategy for the wheeled mobile robot, where the unknown feature depth information can be identified simultaneously in the visual servoing process.

Design/methodology/approach
By using reference, desired and current images, system errors are constructed by measurable signals that are obtained by decomposing Euclidean homographies. Subsequently, by taking the advantage of the concurrent learning framework, both historical and current system data are used to construct an adaptive updating mechanism for recovering the unknown feature depth. Then, the kinematic controller is designed for the mobile robot to achieve the visual servo trajectory tracking task. Lyapunov techniques and LaSalle’s invariance principle are used to prove that system errors and the depth estimation error converge to zero synchronously.

Findings
The concurrent learning-based visual servo tracking and identification technology is found to be reliable, accurate and efficient with both simulation and comparative experimental results. Both trajectory tracking and depth estimation errors converge to zero successfully.

Originality/value
On the basis of the concurrent learning framework, an adaptive control strategy is developed for the mobile robot to successfully identify the unknown scene depth while accomplishing the visual servo trajectory tracking task.
Definition and representation of stiffened shell structures in the context of an integrated development process
Authors: Krieglsteiner Joscha , Horst Peter , Schmidt Carsten 
Published: March 2019

Purpose
A novel development process aims at finding solutions for lightweight stiffened shell structures and their efficient production. To respect the strong interdependency of structural design and production planning, particularly observed for composite structures, it is of high interest to start considering production effects in early development phases. This integrated approach requires an integrated representation of structure and production. The purpose of this study is to investigate the scope of relevant data and to find a structure for its representation.

Design/methodology/approach
The development task is analyzed and a system of so-called solution dimensions is presented, which covers all important aspects of stiffened shell structures and their production. An integrated product data model is developed to cover all of the solution dimensions.

Findings
The product data model consists of five coherent partial models. It is explained how these models are defined and how they are connected to each other. An academic example of an aircraft fuselage panel is used to demonstrate the definition process. It is shown how even complex structural concepts are defined systematically.

Practical implications
It is explained how this integrated product data model is used in a software project for the development of aircraft fuselage structures.

Originality/value
The presented approach for the definition and representation of stiffened shell structures enables the developer, e.g. of aircraft fuselage, to respect the crucial criterion of manufacturability from early development phases on. Further, new design approaches, e.g. as inspired by topology optimization, can be considered.
Challenges to mothering while incarcerated: preliminary study of two women’s prisons in Java, Indonesia
Authors: Mustofa Muhammad , West Brooke S. , Sri Supadmi Mamik , Sari Herlina 
Published: March 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present the characteristics of incarcerated women in two prisons in Java, Indonesia and discuss the specific problems and needs incarcerated women with children face with regard to mothering.Design/methodology/approachA cross-sectional survey using a semi-structured questionnaire was administered to 399 incarcerated women in two prisons. Focus group discussions provided additional information on mother’s experiences in prison.FindingsThis research finds that children’s welfare was an important concern for mothers while in prison and that they faced various problems in maintaining family ties during their incarceration, including distance, costs and time for family to visit (49.3 percent), and challenges to being able to communicate with family and children (26.6 percent).Originality/valueThis study contributes to the limited research on incarcerated women in Indonesia, broadly, and on mothering and incarceration, in particular, and suggests that women’s needs as mothers have not been taken into consideration by prisons and the criminal justice system.
Identification of service development needs for incarcerated adults with autism spectrum disorders in an Australian prison system
Authors: Newman Claire , Cashin Andrew , Graham Iain 
Published: March 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to identify and deliberate the service development needs required for the improvement of service provision for incarcerated adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in NSW, Australia.Design/methodology/approachConsultation groups were conducted to bring togethern=5 key stakeholders from heath and correctional-based services in the prison system. A facilitated asynchronous e-mail-based discussion occurred amongst group members between consultation group meetings.FindingsTwo main themes were identified: detecting persons with ASD and providing appropriate care. Participants discussed current service gaps with regard to the identification of people with ASD at the point of contact with the prison service, and the difficulties associated with diagnosing prisoners with ASD. The need for effective alert systems to detect persons with ASD in custody was identified. The current absence of ASD-specific support services in prison was highlighted, and recommendations for improvement suggested.Practical implicationsCurrent health and correctional-based service provision failed to adequately support incarcerated adults with ASD. Improvements in prison-entry screening processes, alert systems and diagnostic practices are required. Multidisciplinary collaboration between prison-based and external service providers is required for the development of a model of care based on individualised case management to adequately support incarcerated adults with ASD in prison.Originality/valueGiven the lack of reported service provision for incarcerated adults with ASD internationally, other prison-based services are likely to experience similar service development needs and see the relevance of the recommendations made directly from the study findings.
High frequency of HBV in HIV-infected prisoners in Mozambique
Authors: Augusto Angelo , Augusto Orvalho , Taquibo Atija , Nhachigule Carina , Siyawadya Narcisa , Gudo Eduardo Samo 
Published: March 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to determine the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) among 448 HIV-infected prisoners from 32 prisons in Mozambique.

Design/methodology/approach
All HIV seropositive prisoners were screened for HBV.

Findings
Of the 448 HIV seropositive prisoners, 51 (11.4 percent, 95%CI: 9.3–13.9 percent) were HBsAg-positive and was significantly higher in prisoners aged<25 years.

Originality/value
Data from this study show for the first time that the frequency of HBV among HIV-infected prisoners is high, suggesting that immediate interventions are needed during incarceration.
Factors associated with health care seeking behavior for musculoskeletal pain in Indonesia: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Andarini Sri , Arif Achmad Zainudin , Al Rasyid Harun , Wahono Cesarius Singgih , Kalim Handono , Handono Kusworini 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAimTo assess the factors defining healthcare‐seeking behavior of people with musculoskeletal pain in the urban community of Malang City, East Java, Indonesia.MethodsA cross‐sectional survey was performed in Malang City, East Java, Indonesia. In total, 2067 participants aged 16‐93 years were interviewed. The sociodemographic and socioeconomic factors of healthcare seeking behavior, musculoskeletal pain, disability, and adverse drug reactions were assessed using the validated Indonesian version of Community Oriented Program for the Control of Rheumatic Disease (COPCORD) protocol by International League of Associations for Rheumatology and the World Health Organization core questionnaire. Chi‐square test was applied to assess the determinants of health‐seeking behavior for musculoskeletal pain.ResultsSlightly more than one‐third of the respondents (36%) with musculoskeletal pain, described as osteoarthritis, low back pain, gouty arthritis, soft tissue rheumatism, and autoimmune arthritis, were assessed for their health‐seeking behavior. About 73% of all those participants sought treatment for their musculoskeletal symptoms. Treatment modality used was modern healthcare, traditional healthcare, self‐treatment using traditional medication, self‐treatment using modern medication with the proportions of 20.94%, 25.23%, 33.95%, 25.77%, respectively. Disability significantly affected health‐seeking behavior as the major determinant (prevalence ratio [PR] 1.087, 95% CI 1.031‐1.146, P = 0.002), followed by age (PR 1.043, 95% CI 1.000‐1.087, P = 0.049). Healthcare‐seeking behavior was associated with the presence of adverse drug reactions (P < 0.001).ConclusionFactors associated with musculoskeletal pain health‐seeking behavior were disability and age. Self and traditional healthcare treatment were further associated with an adverse drug reaction.
Risks Associated with Mid level Cannabis Use Among People Treated for Alcohol Use Disorder
Authors: Subbaraman Meenakshi S. , Barnett Sarah Beth , Karriker‐Jaffe Katherine J. 
Published: March 2019

BackgroundThe relationships between cannabis use frequency with alcohol use, alcohol‐related harms, and persistent alcohol use disorder (AUD) in a general population subsample of individuals previously treated for AUD were examined.MethodsSecondary analyses of the 2005, 2010, and 2015 U.S. National Alcohol Surveys, a nationwide general population sample of individuals ages 18+, were performed. The analytic subsample (N = 772) reported 3+ lifetime DSM‐IV alcohol dependence criteria and prior AUD treatment. Primary exposure was past 12‐month frequency of cannabis use (weekly or more, or “heavy;” more than monthly/less than weekly or “midlevel;” less than monthly or “light;” none). Primary outcomes were past 12‐month total volume, average frequency of 5+ drinks/month, past 12‐month alcohol‐related harms, and past 12‐month DSM‐IV alcohol dependence.ResultsMultivariable negative binomial and logistic regressions showed that the only cannabis users who consistently differed significantly from cannabis abstainers were midlevel users; specifically, more than monthly/less than weekly cannabis users drank 2.83 times as many drinks (95% CI: 1.43, 5.60); had 2.83 as many 5+ occasions (95% CI: 1.38, 5.79); had 6.82 times the odds of experiencing any harms (95% CI: 2.29, 20.33); and had 6.53 times the odds of persistent AUD as cannabis abstainers (95% CI: 2.66, 16.02; all ps < 0.05). The relationship between midlevel cannabis use and harms remained significant after adjustment for volume and frequency of 5+ (OR = 6.18, 95% CI: 1.35, 28.37).ConclusionsAmong those with lifetime AUD who have been to treatment, only more than monthly/less than weekly cannabis use is related to more alcohol‐related harms and persistent AUD compared to cannabis abstinence. Heavier and lighter cannabis use is not related to worse alcohol outcomes compared to cannabis abstinence.
Are long‐term vapers interested in vaping cessation support?
Authors: Etter Jean‐François 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTAimsWe investigated whether long‐term vapers were interested in vaping cessation support.Design, Setting and ParticipantsOnline survey in 2017 of long‐term vapers (n = 347), mainly in France, Switzerland and Belgium, enrolled through e‐cigarette and smoking cessation websites.MeasurementsOpinions on potential vaping cessation services.FindingsParticipants had been vaping for 4 years on average (standard deviation 1 year), most were daily vapers (96%, n = 333), former smokers (88%, n = 303), vaped nicotine‐containing liquids (88%, n = 305), reported being dependent on e‐cigarettes (89%, n = 308) and had no intention to stop vaping (66%, n = 229). Few (10%, n = 34) had already tried to stop vaping. Among those (n = 118, 34% of 347) who intended to stop vaping, 27% (n = 32) thought that a health professional could help them stop vaping, 33% (n = 39) would visit a vaping cessation service if available in their neighbourhood, 23% (n = 27) would use nicotine medications to stop vaping, and if a vaping cessation website or smartphone app. were available, 46% (n = 54) would use them. In open‐ended comments (n = 94), participants reported that they did not see why they should stop vaping (n = 37), in particular because vaping helped them quit smoking (n = 17) and was less toxic than smoking (n = 9), that smoking cessation aids had not worked for them and neither would similar aids help them stop vaping (n = 6), and that they would stop vaping by gradually decreasing the nicotine content in their e‐liquids (n = 12).ConclusionsMost long‐term vapers in this 2017 European online survey had no intention of stopping vaping, but one‐quarter to one‐half of those who intended to stop were interested in using vaping cessation support.
Prevalence of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder among special subpopulations: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Popova Svetlana , Lange Shannon , Shield Kevin , Burd Larry , Rehm Jürgen 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAimTo collate prevalence estimates of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) among special subpopulations (defined by service use).DesignSystematic literature review and meta‐analysis of original, quantitative studies published between 1 November 1973 and 1 December 2018. The PRISMAGATHER were adhered to. The review protocol [includes FASD prevalence in (a) general and (b) special populations] is available on PROSPERO (registration number: CRD42016033837). Prevalence estimates were collated for all included studies with country‐, disorder‐ [FASD and fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS)] and population‐specific random‐effects meta‐analyses conducted.Setting and ParticipantsA number of service‐defined subpopulations globally (see Findings).MeasurementsThe main outcome was the prevalence of FASD among special subpopulations. The critical appraisal of each study was conducted using the Joanna Briggs Institute tool.FindingsWe identified 69 studies, comprising 6177 individuals diagnosed with FASD from 17 countries: Australia (n = 5), Brazil (n = 2), Canada (n = 15), Chile (n = 4), eastern Europe (Moldova, Romania and Ukraine; n = 1), Germany (n = 1), Israel (n = 1), Lithuania (n = 1), the Netherlands (n = 1), Poland (n = 1), Russia (n = 9), South Korea (n = 1), Spain (n = 1), Sweden (n = 1) and United States (n = 25). FAS and FASD prevalence rates were collated for the following five subpopulations: children in care, correctional, special education, specialized clinical and Aboriginal populations. The estimated prevalence of FASD in these special subpopulations was 10–40 times higher compared with the 7.7 per 1000 (95% confidence interval = 4.9–11.7) global FASD prevalence in the general population.ConclusionsGlobal subpopulations of children in care, correctional, special education, specialized clinical and Aboriginal populations have a significantly higher prevalence of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder compared with the general population, which poses a substantial global health problem.
Transient epidermal barrier deficiency and lowered allergic threshold in filaggrin‐hornerin (FlgHrnr−/−) double‐deficient mice
Authors: Rahrig Sebastian , Dettmann Judith M. , Brauns Birka , Lorenz Verena N. , Buhl Timo , Kezic Sanja , Elias Peter M. , Weidinger Stephan , Mempel Martin , Schön Michael P. , Braun Andrea 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundFilaggrin (Flg) and hornerin (Hrnr) share similar structural and functional features. Both proteins have been implicated as essential proteins for skin barrier maintenance. Loss‐of‐function mutations of these genes constitute a risk factor for atopic dermatitis and eczema‐related asthma. Furthermore, both FLG and HRNR protein levels are downregulated in patients with atopic dermatitis. Thus, mice deficient for Flg and Hrnr provide a novel model to study skin barrier impairment and the susceptibility for cutaneous inflammation.MethodsBy using appropriate targeting vectors and breeding strategies, we established a homozygous FlgHrnr double‐deficient (FlgHrnr−/−) mouse model lacking both genes including the intergenomic sequence.ResultsNeonates appeared normal, but developed a transient scaly phenotype with overall flaky appearance, but no overt skin phenotype in adulthood, thereby reflecting a subclinical barrier defect seen in humans. Structurally, FlgHrnr−/− mice displayed a markedly reduced granular layer and a condensed cornified layer. Functionally, FlgHrnr−/− mice showed permeability abnormalities and metabolic aberrations regarding the production of natural moisturizing factors (NMFs) in the stratum corneum. Surprisingly, although the immune system revealed no aberrations under steady‐state conditions, FlgHrnr−/− mice are predisposed to mount an allergic contact dermatitis, especially at hapten threshold levels eliciting allergic reactions.ConclusionsTogether, our FlgHrnr−/− mouse model nicely reflects the epicutaneous sensitization susceptibilities and inflammatory reactions to environmental insults in humans with impaired skin barrier functions.