bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
White light emitting diode based on purely organic fluorescent to modern thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) and perovskite materials
Authors: Das Dipjyoti , Gopikrishna Peddaboodi , Barman Debasish , Yathirajula Ramesh Babu , Iyer Parameswar Krishnan 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
White organic/polymer light emitting diode (WOLED/WPLED) processed from solution has attracted significant research interest in recent years due to their low device production cost, device flexibility, easy fabrication over large area including roll to roll and ability to print in various designs and shapes providing enormous design possibilities. Although WOLEDs fabricated using solution process lack their thermally evaporated counterparts in terms of device efficiency, remarkable progress has been made in this regard in recent years by utilizing new materials and device structures. In the present review, we have summarized and extrapolated an excellent association of old and modern concept of cost-effective materials and device structure for realization of white light. In particular, this article demonstrated and focused on design, and development of novel synthesis strategy, mechanistic insights and device engineering for solution process low cost WOLEDs device. Herein, an overview of the prevailing routes towards white light emitting devices (WLEDs) and corresponding materials used, including polymer based WLED, small molecules emitters based thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF), perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) and hybrid materials based LEDs, color down-converting coatings with corresponding best efficiencies ever realized. We presume that this exhaustive review on WLEDs will offer a broad overview of the latest developments on white SSL and stonework the approach en route for innovations in the immediate future.
Sinus bone graft and simultaneous vertical ridge augmentation: case series study
Authors: Kang Dong-Woo , Yun Pil-Young , Choi Yong-Hoon , Kim Young-Kyun 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background
This study aims to examine the outcome of simultaneous maxillary sinus lifting, bone grafting, and vertical ridge augmentation through retrospective studies.

Methods
From 2005 to 2010, patients with exhibited severe alveolar bone loss received simultaneous sinus lifting, bone grafting, and vertical ridge augmentations were selected. Fifteen patients who visited in Seoul National University Bundang Hospital were analyzed according to clinical records and radiography. Postoperative complications; success and survival rate of implants; complications of prosthesis; implant stability quotient (ISQ); vertical resorption of grafted bone after 1, 2, and 3 years after surgery; and final observation and marginal bone loss were evaluated.

Results
The average age of the patients was 54.2 years. Among the 33 implants, six failed to survive and succeed, resulting in an 81.8% survival rate and an 81.8% success rate. Postoperative complications were characterized by eight cases of ecchymosis, four cases of exposure of the titanium mesh or membrane, three cases of peri-implantitis, three cases of hematoma, two cases of sinusitis, two cases of fixture fracture, one case of bleeding, one case of numbness, one case of trismus, and one case of fixture loss. Prosthetic complications involved two instances of screw loosening, one case of abutment fracture, and one case of food impaction. Resorption of grafted bone material was 0.23 mm after 1 year, 0.47 mm after 2 years, 0.41 mm after 3 years, and 0.37 mm at the final observation. Loss of marginal bone was 0.12 mm after 1 year, and 0.20 mm at final observation.

Conclusions
When sinus lifting, bone grafting, and vertical ridge augmentation were performed simultaneously, postoperative complications increased, and survival rates were lower. For positive long-term prognosis, it is recommended that a sufficient recovery period be needed before implant placement to ensure good bone formation, and implant placement be delayed.
Understanding acute burn injury as a chronic disease
Authors: Barrett Lucy W. , Fear Vanessa S. , Waithman Jason C. , Wood Fiona M. , Fear Mark W. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractWhile treatment for burn injury has improved significantly over the past few decades, reducing mortality and improving patient outcomes, recent evidence has revealed that burn injury is associated with a number of secondary pathologies, many of which arise long after the initial injury has healed. Population studies have linked burn injury with increased risk of cancer, cardiovascular disease, nervous system disorders, diabetes, musculoskeletal disorders, gastrointestinal disease, infections, anxiety and depression. The wide range of secondary pathologies indicates that burn can cause sustained disruption of homeostasis, presenting new challenges for post-burn care. Understanding burn injury as a chronic disease will improve patient care, providing evidence for better long-term support and monitoring of patients. Through focused research into the mechanisms underpinning long-term dysfunction, a better understanding of burn injury pathology may help with the development of preventative treatments to improve long-term health outcomes. The review will outline evidence of long-term health effects, possible mechanisms linking burn injury to long-term health and current research into burns as a chronic disease.
Impact of peer review on discussion of study limitations and strength of claims in randomized trial reports: a before and after study
Authors: Keserlioglu Kerem , Kilicoglu Halil , ter Riet Gerben 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background
In their research reports, scientists are expected to discuss limitations that their studies have. Previous research showed that often, such discussion is absent. Also, many journals emphasize the importance of avoiding overstatement of claims. We wanted to see to what extent editorial handling and peer review affects self-acknowledgment of limitations and hedging of claims.

Methods
Using software that automatically detects limitation-acknowledging sentences and calculates the level of hedging in sentences, we compared the submitted manuscripts and their ultimate publications of all randomized trials published in 2015 in 27 BioMed Central (BMC) journals and BMJ Open. We used mixed linear and logistic regression models, accounting for clustering of manuscript-publication pairs within journals, to quantify before-after changes in the mean numbers of limitation-acknowledging sentences, in the probability that a manuscript with zero self-acknowledged limitations ended up as a publication with at least one and in hedging scores.

Results
Four hundred forty-six manuscript-publication pairs were analyzed. The median number of manuscripts per journal was 10.5 (interquartile range 6–18). The average number of distinct limitation sentences increased by 1.39 (95% CI 1.09–1.76), from 2.48 in manuscripts to 3.87 in publications. Two hundred two manuscripts (45.3%) did not mention any limitations. Sixty-three (31%, 95% CI 25–38) of these mentioned at least one after peer review. Changes in mean hedging scores were negligible.

Conclusions
Our findings support the idea that editorial handling and peer review lead to more self-acknowledgment of study limitations, but not to changes in linguistic nuance.
Sequencing of RAS/RAF pathway genes in primary colorectal cancer and matched liver and lung metastases
Authors: Knijn Nikki , van de Water Carlijn , van Vliet Shannon , Meijer Jos , Riemersma Sietske , Tebar Maria , Punt Cornelis , Mekenkamp Leonie , Simmer Femke , Nagtegaal Iris 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background
Mutations in the RAS/RAF pathway predict resistance to anti-epidermal growth factor receptor antibodies in colorectal cancer (CRC), and may be targets for future therapies. This study investigates concordance of BRAF, HRAS, KRAS, NRAS and PIK3CA mutation status in primary CRC with matched liver (n = 274), lung (n = 114) or combined liver and lung metastases (n = 14).

Methods
Next generation sequencing was performed on DNA from formalin-fixed paraffin embedded CRC and matched liver and/or lung metastases, for recurrent mutations in BRAF, HRAS, KRAS, NRAS and PIK3CA and using the single-molecule molecular inversion probe method.

Results
Paired sequencing results on all five genes were reached in 249 of the 402 cases (62%). The obtained number of unique reads was not always sufficient to confidently call the absence or presence of mutations for all regions of interest. The mutational status of matched pairs was highly concordant; 91.1% concordance for all five genes, 95.5% for KRAS, 99.1% for NRAS. Lung metastases more often harboured RAS mutations compared to liver metastases (71% vs. 48%, p < 0.001).

Conclusions
In this large series of CRC we show that both primary tumors and corresponding metastases can be used to determine the mutational status for targeted therapy, given the high concordance rates. Next generation sequencing including a single molecule tags is feasible, however in combination with archival formalin-fixed paraffin embedded material is limited by coverage depth.
Group B streptococcus is the most common pathogen for septic arthritis with unique clinical characteristics: data from 12 years retrospective cohort study
Authors: Ruksasakul Rungkan , Narongroeknawin Pongthorn , Assavatanabodee Paijit , Chaiamnuay Sumapa 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background
Group B Streptococcus (GBS) emerged as the frequent pathogen for septic arthritis. There was no study comparing risks, clinical presentations and outcomes between GBS septic arthritis and other bacterial septic arthritis.
The aim of this study is to evaluate the differences in risks, clinical presentations, and outcomes of GBS septic arthritis and other bacterial septic arthritis, and identify independent risks and clinical presentations suggesting GBS septic arthritis.

Method
Medical records of patients diagnosed with non-gonococcal bacterial arthritis admitted in Phramongkutklao Hospital during 2006–2018 were reviewed. Associated risks, clinical presentations and outcomes were compared between GBS septic arthritis (GBS group) and other bacterial septic arthritis (other bacterial group).

Result
Two hundred and thirty one cases of non-gonococcal bacterial arthritis confirmed by positive joint fluid cultures and/or hemocultures were included. The three most common pathogens were GBS (37.7%), Staphylococcus aureus (23.4%) and Streptococcus viridans (7.4%). GBS group was more commonly found in rainy season than other bacterial group. Patients in GBS group were less likely to have underlying diseases and had more number of involved joints than those in other bacterial group. The clinical presentations more commonly found in GBS group than other bacterial group were oligo-polyarthritis, upper extremities joint involvement, axial joint involvement, tenosynovitis and central nervous system involvement.
Multivariate analysis found the independent associated factors of GBS arthritis are tenosynovitis, oligo-polyarthritis and rainy season.

Conclusions
GBS is now the most common pathogen for bacterial septic arthritis. The independent associated factors of GBS arthritis were oligo-polyarthritis, tenosynovitis and rainy season.
Molecular mechanisms of proteinopathies across neurodegenerative disease: a review
Authors: Marsh Alexander P. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background
Although there is a range of different symptoms across neurodegenerative diseases, they have been noted to have common pathogenic features. An archetypal feature shared between these diseases is protein misfolding; however, the mechanism behind the proteins abnormalities is still under investigation. There is an emerging hypothesis in the literature that the mechanisms that lead to protein misfolding may be shared across neurodegenerative processes, suggesting a common underlying pathology.

Main body
This review discusses the literature to date of the shared features of protein misfolding, failures in proteostasis, and potential propagation pathways across the main neurodegenerative disorders.

Conclusion
The current data suggests, despite overarching processes being shared, that the molecular events implicated in protein pathology are distinct across common neurodegenerative disorders.
Clinical outcomes of catheter ablation of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in very young population compared to older population: a prospective study
Authors: Allam Lamyaa , Samir Rania , Ali Ahmed Nabil 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background
Data on procedural characteristics and clinical outcome of catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF) in adults younger than 35 years has not been sufficiently addressed. The aim is to assess procedural characteristics and clinical outcome of catheter ablation of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in young adults in comparison to older adults.

Results
Seventy-six consecutive patients with symptomatic paroxysmal AF underwent pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) at Ain Shams University Hospitals from 2013 till 2016. They were divided into the two groups, young population group (mean age 31.6 ± 4.2 years, 77% men) and older population group (mean age 49 ± 8.4 years, 74% men). Clinical data before and during the procedure were recorded. Follow-up was based on outpatient visits including 24 h Holter, ECG at 3, 6, and, 12 months post single ablation procedure. Recurrence was defined as any AF/atrial tachycardia episode > 30 s following a 3-month blanking period. Body mass index, CHA2DS2-VASc score, and left atrial volume were higher in the older population group [P values 0.019, < 0.001, and 0.001, respectively]. The presence of low-voltage areas was found only in 22% of the older population group and not in the younger group [P 0.02]. All patients were followed up for 1 year; 1-year arrhythmia-free survival after a single procedure was 83.3% (25/30) and 78.3% (36/46) in the older group [P 0.75]. No complications were recorded in both groups. Redo AF ablation were done for four patients in the old group and one patient in the young group.

Conclusions
Catheter ablation of AF in very young adults is associated with higher 1-year success rates but comparable to success rates in older populations. AF ablation for PAF is effective in very young adults.
Seismic chronostratigraphy at reservoir scale: Lessons from a realistic seismic modeling of mixed clastic-carbonate strata in the Permian Basin, West Texas and New Mexico, USA
Authors: Zeng Hongliu , He Yawen , Kerans Charles , Janson Xavier 
Published: September 2019

We tested the validity of tracking seismic events as representations of chronostratigraphic surfaces at the subseismic, high-frequency-cycle level. A high-resolution geocellular model was generated from approximately 400 m of mixed clastic-carbonate sequences in the San Andres and Grayburg Formations in the Permian Basin, with 0.3–0.6 m layering and minimal upscaling. Realistic stratigraphic framework, facies, and velocity volumes were created by geostatistically mapping data from outcrop and subsurface sources while honoring state-of-the-art principles of stratigraphic and sedimentary analyses. Using the synthetic seismic data of different frequencies, the potential and pitfalls of using autotracked seismic horizons in building high-resolution reservoir models were tested. At the reservoir (meter) scale, the seismic reflections from flatter and thicker sediments with less facies and velocity heterogeneities tend to follow geologic-time surfaces; on the contrary, reflections from where thin sediments dip against flat strata with more facies and velocity heterogeneities tend to follow lithostratigraphy. For the latter seismic-guided reservoir modeling is not very precise, even with data as high as 140 Hz frequency. Therefore, for seismic-assisted reservoir prediction and modeling, the interpretation of seismic events is useful, but well calibration is critical.
Analysis of Predictive Biomarkers in Patients With Lung Adenocarcinoma From Southern Brazil Reveals a Distinct Profile From Other Regions of the Country
Authors: Andreis Tiago F. , Correa Bruno S. , Vianna Fernanda S. , De-Paris Fernanda , Siebert Marina , Leistner-Segal Sandra , Hahn Eriza C. , Ulbrich Jane M. , Rivero Luis F.R. , De Oliveira Francine H. , Lorandi Vinícius , Ashton-Prolla Patricia , Macedo Gabriel S. 
Published: September 2019

PURPOSE Adenocarcinoma is the most common histologic subtype of non–small-cell lung cancer, representing 40% of all diagnoses. Several biomarkers are currently used to determine patient eligibility for targeted treatments, including analysis of molecular alterations in EGFR and ALK, as well as programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) protein expression. Epidemiologic data reporting the frequency of these biomarkers in Brazilian patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) are limited, and existing studies predominantly included patients from the southeast region of the country. MATERIALS AND METHODS The goal of this study was to investigate the frequency of somatic mutations in the EGFR, KRAS, NRAS, and BRAF genes, ALK, and PD-L1 expression in a series of Brazilian patients diagnosed with LUAD predominantly recruited from centers in southern Brazil. Molecular analysis of the EGFR, KRAS, NRAS, and BRAF genes was performed by next-generation sequencing using DNA extracted from tumor tissue. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect ALK and PD-L1 expression. RESULTS Analysis of 619 tumors identified KRAS mutations in 189 (30.2%), EGFR mutations in 120 (19.16%), and BRAF mutations in 19 (3%). Immunohistochemistry demonstrated ALK and PD-L1 expression in 4% and 35.1% of patients, respectively. CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this is the first study investigating the molecular epidemiology of patients with LUAD from southern Brazil and the largest assessing the frequency of multiple predictive biomarkers for this tumor in the country. The study also reveals a distinct mutation profile compared with data originating from other regions of Brazil.
The fusogenic synapse at a glance
Authors: Kim Ji Hoon , Chen Elizabeth H. 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT
Cell–cell fusion is a fundamental process underlying fertilization, development, regeneration and physiology of metazoans. It is a multi-step process involving cell recognition and adhesion, actin cytoskeletal rearrangements, fusogen engagement, lipid mixing and fusion pore formation, ultimately resulting in the integration of two fusion partners. Here, we focus on the asymmetric actin cytoskeletal rearrangements at the site of fusion, known as the fusogenic synapse, which was first discovered during myoblast fusion in Drosophila embryos and later also found in mammalian muscle and non-muscle cells. At the asymmetric fusogenic synapse, actin-propelled invasive membrane protrusions from an attacking fusion partner trigger actomyosin-based mechanosensory responses in the receiving cell. The interplay between the invasive and resisting forces generated by the two fusion partners puts the fusogenic synapse under high mechanical tension and brings the two cell membranes into close proximity, promoting the engagement of fusogens to initiate fusion pore formation. In this Cell Science at a Glance article and the accompanying poster, we highlight the molecular, cellular and biophysical events at the asymmetric fusogenic synapse using Drosophila myoblast fusion as a model.
TGFβ-induced fibroblast activation requires persistent and targeted HDAC-mediated gene repression
Authors: Jones Dakota L. , Haak Andrew J. , Caporarello Nunzia , Choi Kyoung M. , Ye Zhenqing , Yan Huihuang , Varelas Xaralabos , Ordog Tamas , Ligresti Giovanni , Tschumperlin Daniel J. 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT
Tissue fibrosis is a chronic disease driven by persistent fibroblast activation that has recently been linked to epigenetic modifications. Here, we screened a small library of epigenetic small-molecule modulators to identify compounds capable of inhibiting or reversing TGFβ-mediated fibroblast activation. We identified pracinostat, an HDAC inhibitor, as a potent attenuator of lung fibroblast activation and confirmed its efficacy in patient-derived fibroblasts isolated from fibrotic lung tissue. Mechanistically, we found that HDAC-dependent transcriptional repression was an early and essential event in TGFβ-mediated fibroblast activation. Treatment of lung fibroblasts with pracinostat broadly attenuated TGFβ-mediated epigenetic repression and promoted fibroblast quiescence. We confirmed a specific role for HDAC-dependent histone deacetylation in the promoter region of the anti-fibrotic gene PPARGC1A (PGC1α) in response to TGFβ stimulation. Finally, we identified HDAC7 as a key factor whose siRNA-mediated knockdown attenuates fibroblast activation without altering global histone acetylation. Together, these results provide novel mechanistic insight into the essential role HDACs play in TGFβ-mediated fibroblast activation via targeted gene repression.
From injury to full repair: nerve regeneration and functional recovery in the common octopus, Octopus vulgaris
Authors: Imperadore Pamela , Parazzoli Dario , Oldani Amanda , Duebbert Michael , Büschges Ansgar , Fiorito Graziano 
Published: September 2019

Spontaneous nerve regeneration in cephalopod molluscs occurs in a relative short time after injury, achieving functional recovery of the lost capacities. In particular, transection of the pallial nerve in the common octopus (Octopus vulgaris) determines loss and subsequent restoring of two functions fundamental for survival, i.e., breathing and skin patterning, the latter involved in communication between animals and concealing. The phenomena occurring after lesion have been investigated in a series of previous studies, but a complete analysis of the changes occurring at the level of the axons and the effects on animals’ appearance during the whole regenerative process is still missing. Our goal is to determine the course of events following injury, from impairment to full recovery.
Through imaging of the traced damaged nerves we were able to characterize the pathways followed by fibres during regeneration and end-target re-innervation, while electrophysiology and behavioural observations highlighted regaining of functional reconnections between central brain and periphery, using the contralateral nerve in the same animal as internal control. The final architecture of a fully regenerated pallial nerve does not exactly mirror the original structure, however, functionality returns to match the phenotype of an intact octopus with no observable impact on the behaviour of the animal.
Our findings provide new important scenario for the study of regeneration in cephalopods and highlight octopus pallial nerve as a valuable ‘model’ among invertebrates.