bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Two novel orchids mycorrhizal Tulasnella species and their ability to facilitate symbiotic seed germination
Authors: Ma Xiao-Ya , Mala Buasroi , Tan Lei 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Many Tulasnella species have been identified as true mycorrhizal fungi, playing key roles in nutrient exchange between hosts and their environments, which is crucial for seed germination and seedling development. This study describes four Tulasnella strains isolated from Dendrobium and Paphiopedilum species collected in Thailand. Based on single-locus ITS and four-gene (ITS + mtLSU + ATP + GS) phylogenetic analyses, we introduced two novel species –Tulasnella thailandica sp. nov. and T. epidendroidearum sp. nov. Additionally, two known taxa - T. deliquescens and T. ellipsoidea were identified. Notably, T. ellipsoidea was first identified from Dendrobium chrysotoxum and reported in Thailand. Both ex vitro and in vitro symbiotic seed germination experiments confirmed that all four strains are true orchid mycobionts and are fully compatible with D. chrysotoxum, as they formed pelotons within orchid protocorms, promoted seed germination, and supported protocorm development to advanced stages. Furthermore, T. epidendroidearum sp. nov. Dch-PK-1 significantly increased the protocorm developmental rate of D. chrysotoxum in ex vitro symbiotic seed germination compared to the uninoculated control. This study marks the first attempt to demonstrate that T. ellipsoidea are true mycorrhizal fungi associated with Dendrobium species. The findings on seed germination and seedling growth suggest that these four strains have potential applications for the ex vitro conservation of Dendrobium species.
Optimization of human chaperone BiP production in yeast Pichia pastoris
Authors: Žitkus Eimantas , Čiplys Evaldas , Žiaunys Mantas , Sakalauskas Andrius , Slibinskas Rimantas 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Human BiP, also known as GRP78, is a molecular chaperone mainly located in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). However, a growing amount of data also associates BiP with many different functions in subcellular locations outside the ER. Importantly, several diseases have been BiP-related and therefore it could potentially be used for therapeutic purposes. The aim of this study was to optimize a high cell density fermentation process for production of recombinant human BiP (rhBiP) in yeast Pichia pastoris in mineral medium.
Results
P. pastoris cells successfully synthesized and secreted full length rhBiP protein in complex growth medium. However, secreted rhBiP titer was considerably lower when P. pastoris was cultivated in defined mineral basal salt medium (BSM). During rhBiP synthesis optimization in shake flasks it was found that addition of reducing compounds (DTT or TCEP) to mineral BSM medium is essential for high yield rhBiP production. Furthermore, rhBiP secretion in BSM medium was significantly increased by feeding yeast with an additional carbon source. Addition of 2 mM DTT and 0.5-1.0 % of glucose/glycerol to BSM medium increased rhBiP titer ~ 8 times in the shake flasks.
Glucose/methanol mixture feeding with 2 mM DTT addition before induction was applied in high density P. pastoris fermentation in bioreactor. Oxygen limited fermentation strategy allowed to achieve ~70 mg/L rhBiP titer in BSM medium. For rhBiP protein purification hydrophobic interaction and anion exchange chromatography were used. Approximately 45 mg rhBiP was purified from 1 L growth medium and according to SDS-PAGE ~90 % purity was reached. According to data presented in this study, rhBiP protein derived from P. pastoris is a full-length polypeptide that possesses ATPase activity. In addition, we show that P. pastoris-derived rhBiP effectively inhibited neurodegenerative disease-related amyloid beta 1-42 (Aβ42) peptide and alpha-synuclein (α-Syn) protein aggregation in vitro.
Conclusions
A scalable bioprocess to produce rhBiP in P. pastoris was developed providing high yield of biologically active protein in a chemically defined mineral medium. It opens a source of rhBiP to accelerate further therapeutic applications of this important protein.
Socio-economic impact of crop raiding by wild animals in the fringe villages of protected areas
Authors: Pradhan Subarna Moni 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Crop raiding is a major form of Human-Wildlife Conflict (HWC) that poses a serious threat to human welfare in the fringe villages of Manas National Park in Assam (India). Most of the people living in the fringe villages of Manas National Park rely on agriculture for their livelihoods. Crop raiding also creates notable challenges for wildlife conservation, as people may retaliate against wildlife when the frequency and severity of crop damage escalate—resulting in the injury or death of the wild animals. To assess the socio-economic impact of crop raiding on the people living in the fringe villages of Manas National Park, data were gathered from eight fringe villages through primary sources, including household questionnaires, focus group discussions, interviews, and field observations, along with secondary sources. This study has also identified the various types of crops damaged by wildlife, quantified the economic losses incurred as a result of crop raiding and examined various mitigation measures for HWC practiced by the communities of the fringe villages
Integrating Gray Wolf Optimization with Deep Learning for Enhancing NAM-to-Speech Conversion
Authors: Mani S Godvin , Kumar T Rajesh 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

The non-audible murmur (NAM) microphone captures articulatory movements without vocal fold vibration, making it useful for patients with vocal fold issues. However, NAM signals suffer from poor quality due to the absence of radiation effects from the lips and the low-pass nature of soft tissue, causing high-frequency loss and incomprehensible signals. To improve NAM signal intelligibility, the proposed approach uses deep population-based metaheuristics, particularly Gray Wolf Optimization (GWO). The system has two stages: the first, NAM signals to susurrant signals (NAM2SUS), converts NAM signals into susurrant (whisper-like) signals, while the second, susurrant signals into discernible discourse (SUS2DIDIS), transforms these into intelligible speech. Compared to methods based on ANN and DNN, this approach offers a 25% improvement. Additionally, the SUS2DIDIS transformation system significantly enhances NAM-to-speech conversion, reducing word error rate by 4.15%, making speech more understandable and speaker-independent.
The modification of NCM cathode material prepared by hydrothermal method under pulsed high magnetic field
Authors: Sun Wenrui , Lin Genwen , Zhang Xueqian , Jin Hongming , Zhu Mingyuan , Li Ying 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

High magnetic field serves as a unique technique for the materials preparation which is more applied in the magnetic materials, but seldom in the electrode materials. In this study, the pulsed high magnetic field was employed during the hydrothermal synthesis of the NCM523 precursor. And the electrochemical performances of NCM523 are researched: at a high cut-off voltage range from 3V to 4.5V and current density set at 1C = 180 mA/g, an initial specific discharge capacity is 190.4 mAh/g which is 12.1 mAh/g increased, and after 200 cycles both specific discharge capacity and capacity retention rate increased by 24.4 mAh/g and 8.5%, respectively, comparing to the sample prepared without magnetic field. The mechanism should be that the high magnetic field applied in the formation and growth of NCM crystal could improve its micro-structure such as layer structural, result in the mitigate Li+/Ni2+ mixed-arrangement phenomenon and increase the Li+ diffusion rate.
Downregulation of B7-H4 suppresses tumor progression of tongue squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Yang Qiong , Zhou Peipei , Ge Jie , Liu Hualian , Xu Tianshu , Yang Xu 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objective
This study aims to explore the correlation between B7 homolog 4 (B7-H4) expression in tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) tissue and prognosis, investigating its role in TSCC development for potential implications in early diagnosis and treatment decisions.
Methods
Immunohistochemical staining assessed B7-H4 expression in TSCC tumor and adjacent tissues. Chi-square tests analyzed the relationship between B7-H4 expression and clinical pathological features, while Kaplan-Meier analysis evaluated overall survival rates. A Cox model assessed the relationship between clinical features and prognosis. Stable downregulation of B7-H4 in TSCC cell lines was confirmed by RT-PCR and Western blot experiments. Functional impacts were examined through proliferation, migration, invasion, apoptosis, and cell cycle assays.
Results
B7-H4 expression was higher in TSCC tumor tissues, correlating with decreased overall survival rates. Cox regression indicated B7-H4 as an independent risk factor for prognosis in TSCC. Downregulated B7-H4 led to decreased proliferation, migration, and invasion, increased apoptosis, and cell cycle alterations in TSCC cells.
Conclusions
This study highlights B7-H4 as a potential immunotherapy target in TSCC, suggesting its significance in prognostic assessment and as a therapeutic avenue for intervention.
Wax deposition law of Bozi ultra-deep condensate gas reservoir in Tarim basin
Authors: Wang Rujun , Tang Yongliang , Chen Dong , Wei Cong , Zhou Wei , Ren Xingnan , Dai Li 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Wax deposition in gas wells of condensate reservoir is the main factor affecting the development of condensate reservoir.This paper takes Bozi high wax condensate gas well in Tarim Basin as the research object,uses high temperature and high pressure equipment and laser test to carry out wax deposition test in condensate gas reservoir under high temperature and high pressure,uses Differential Scanning Calorimeter test, chromatographic analysis to separate the characteristics of wax deposition,and uses self-developed thin tube dynamic wax deposition equipment to analyze the effects of different flow rates,gas-oil ratio and particles on wax deposition in high temperature and high pressure condensate gas well,and uses multiphase flow wellbore deposition dynamic model to predict the wax deposition law under different daily output.The results show that the highest wax deposition point of Bozi condensate gas is 33.71℃, and its wax content is also the highest.At -20℃,the wax accumulation of condensate oil is lower than that of condensate oil, and the wax content and density of well 102-2 are the highest. With the increase of flow rate, the wax deposition rate decreases.With the increase of gas-oil ratio,the wax formation rate of condensate gas decreases.The dynamic prediction model of multiphase flow wellbore deposition is used to analyze the wax deposition in the wellbore, and it is concluded that there is no wax deposition in the wellbore when the daily output exceeds 3.4×105m3.The research results provide theoretical data support for wax deposition law in ultra-deep condensate gas reservoirs.
Integrative Analysis of Agro-Morphological Traits and Genetic Diversity in Gladiolus (Gladiolus hybridus L.) Using SRAP Markers
Authors: PR Jadhav , AY Jagtap , AD Gadge , AU Solanke , MC Pagariya , GB Kadam , KV Prasad , PG Kawar 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Gladiolus (Gladiolus hybridus L.) is a popular ornamental crop, known for its vibrant flowers and extensive diversity in color, size, shape, and blooming characteristics—traits that distinguish its species and genotypes. This study aimed to assess genetic diversity and agro-morphological traits in 30 Gladiolus genotypes, using Sequence-Related Amplified Polymorphism (SRAP) markers and multifactorial analysis (MFA). Eight SRAP primer combinations generated 84% polymorphic loci, with an average of 7.875 alleles per primer pair, indicating substantial genetic variability. Cluster analysis grouped the genotypes into distinct clusters, revealing genetic relationships within the germplasm. Agro-morphological traits such as plant height, spike length, flower diameter, and florets per spike showed significant variation across genotypes. MFA highlighted the contributions of these traits to overall diversity, providing insights into trait patterns and enabling the selection of promising parental lines for breeding. The integrative approach of combining genetic and agro-morphological data in this study advances our understanding of Gladiolus diversity, supporting targeted breeding programs aimed at cultivar improvement, conservation, and the development of superior ornamental genotypes for hybridization efforts.
Entanglement Dynamics of Ground State and í µí²«í µí²¯ Symmetry in Non-Hermitian Systems
Authors: Jiang Linzhi , Miao Weicheng , Ma Wenchao 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

In this manuscript, we explore the properties of a non-Hermitian spin-1/2 XY model subjected to alternating imaginary and transverse magnetic fields. Focusing on a two-spin system, we systematically construct the ground state phase diagram and provide an exact calculation of the ground state entanglement via the Negativity measure. Our findings reveal that, within eigenstates influenced by the anisotropy parameter, real magnetic fields, and imaginary magnetic fields, the anisotropy parameter significantly enhances entanglement, whereas the real magnetic field tends to diminish or even annihilate it. Notably, in the ΡΤ-symmetry broken phase, quantum entanglement demonstrates increased resilience to variations in the real magnetic field with the strengthening of the imaginary magnetic field. For eigenstates governed purely by the imaginary magnetic field, we observe that the two-spin entanglement remains maximal (i.e., value of 1) within the ΡΤ-symmetry region, while it gradually declines in the ΡΤ-symmetry broken region as the parameter η0 decreases. An intriguing observation is that the first derivative of the Negativity shows non-analytic behavior at the critical points, highlighting the role of Negativity as a reliable and effective indicator of phase transitions in this non-Hermitian system.
Topology and control strategy of MMC five-port energy router
Authors: Han Xiaoyu , Yang Jianfeng , Zhou Tao 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

With the rapid development of renewable energy sources and new load technologies, the energy router has emerged as a new type of power conversion and distribution equipment. But most energy routers only support single input and single output structures, limiting their ability to access different types and levels of power supply and loads. This paper introduces a energy router that supports multi-voltage forms and levels to meet the diversified needs of distributed power supply and AC/DC load. Fristly, the topological structure of the energy router is deeply analyzed, and the AC/DC power grid with different voltage levels is design. Secondly, this paper studies the control strategy of each part of the energy router, and optimizes the control algorithm to improve the operation stability and efficiency. Finally, using MATLAB as a platform, paper build a simulation model, analyze and test the control strategy in detail, and verify its feasibility and effectiveness.
The Long-Term Impact of Catastrophic Health Expenditure on Household Livelihoods in China: A Quasi-Experimental Analysis
Authors: Zhuang Yan , Zhou Zhongliang , Deng Qiwei , Liu Guanping , Gong Shaoqing , Shen Chi 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

It is a huge public challenge to improve the livelihoods of households suffering from CHE. However, there is a research gap in exploring how long it takes for households to return to normal livelihoods after suffering from CHE, this study aims to provide empirical evidence for it. Four waves (2011, 2013, 2015, 2018) survey data from a nationally representative longitudinal survey (CHARLS) were used in this study. A total of 14076 household-level observations from four-year balanced panel data were included. We applied TWFE models. We find that the livelihood capital of households suffering from CHE in 2011 was still affected by CHE two years later (2013), four years later (2015), even seven years later (2018) and did not recover to the normal level of their matched groups who did not suffer from CHE. The livelihood capital level of households with CHE decreased by 0.014 units of livelihood capital index (0.9%), 0.015 units of livelihood capital index (1.0%), 0.012 units of livelihood capital index (0.7%) respectively in 2013, 2015 and 2018 compared with 2011. Livelihood capital of households in rural areas, western regions, with householders aged 45–60 and with lowest income are more deeply affected by CHE and it takes them more than 7 years to recover. Governments should keep track of the households suffering from CHE, and focus on the condition of livelihood recovery so that health policymakers can appropriately intervene and extend supportive policies for most vulnerable people to reduce the continuous and delayed shock of CHE on household livelihoods.
The age-specific functional response of Blattisocius mali (Acari: Mesostigmata) preying on the acarid mite Tyrophagus putrescentiae
Authors: Jena Manoj Kumar , Michalska Katarzyna , Studnicki Marcin 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

The characteristics, including the foraging behaviour of an adult predator, are crucial for assessing its impact on prey populations within an ecosystem. Our recent research aimed to explore how the age and sex of the adult predatory soil mite Blattisocius mali Oudemans (Acari: Mesostigmata) impact its predatory behaviour when preying on the mould mite Tyrophagus putrescentiae Schrank (Acari: Acaridae). Male or female B. mali of five ages, 2, 10, 18, 26, and 34-day-old were exposed to seven prey densities ranging between 10 and 160 eggs. We employed logistic regression and Hassell's model to determine the type of functional response and its parameters, respectively. Across all ages, both male and female B. mali exhibited Type III functional responses. The handling time (Th) for 10-day-old adult males was the shortest, i.e., 0.0114 days, indicating their highest efficiency at this age. In contrast, the handling times for 34-day-old and 10-day-old female adults were shorter, i.e., 0.0070 and 0.0072 days, respectively, indicating that female B. mali were more efficient at these ages than others. The predation rate varied with age in females but remained unchanged in males. Overall, both male and female B. mali have the potential to serve as effective biological control agents for T. putrescentiae throughout their lives.
First characterization of somatic proteins of trematodes of the family Paramphistomidae by SDS-PAGE isolated from cattle from the Cajamarca region, Peru
Authors: Fernandez-Mendoza Charito Jennyfer , Tayca-Saldaña Antony , Cueva-Rodríguez Medali , Aliaga-Tambo Fernando , Hobán-Vergara Cristian , Rodríguez-Ulloa Claudia , Alvarez-García Wuesley , Quilcate-Pairazamán Carlos , Cabrera-González Marco 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Paramphistomosis is a gastrointestinal parasitic disease of worldwide distribution, with higher prevalence in tropical and subtropical regions. Its biological cycle has a chronic phase caused by adult trematodes that adhere to the rumen mucosa and a highly pathogenic phase caused by immature trematodes, which induce acute parasitic gastroenteritis. Studies related to the parasite are very scarce in the region of Cajamarca, Peru, regarding the characterisation of antigenic proteins, considering that this parasitosis is endemic and has emerging characteristics. The study aimed to characterise somatic proteins of adult forms of Paramphistomidae in cattle by electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). For this purpose, 630 adult parasites were collected from the rumen and reticulum of cattle from the processing centre of Cajamarca, Peru. We were able to characterise 21 protein bands from the somatic extract. The molecular weights of these bands ranged from 15 kDa to 119 kDa. This study may help carry out alternative control programmes such as developing vaccines, choice of appropriate drugs due to the therapeutic failures expressed by this parasite.
WITHDRAWN: Do property rights explain the inverse relationship between grassland size and productivity?
Authors: Zhang Mingxue , Li Dongqing 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

In this study, leveraging household panel data from five major pastoral provinces in China, we illustrate a robust inverse relationship (IR) between grassland size and productivity within pastoral areas. Our investigation reveals that the certification of grassland property rights emerges as a plausible exogenous factor contributing to this unexplained IR. The persistence of the IR among households with clear grassland property rights, contrasted with its absence among those with ambiguous rights, underscores the role of property rights certification. The emergence of grassland misallocation and fragmentation during the property rights certification process appears detrimental to grassland productivity, potentially explaining this phenomenon. Additionally, our analysis of herder adaptive strategies, specifically participation in the grassland rental market and cooperative management, underscores their potential in alleviating the IR. These findings offer vital policy insights crucial for promoting sustainable and efficient utilization of marginal land, particularly in the context of grasslands.
#71 – Medienpädagogik und KI Teil 4: Josephine Ballon von HateAid über die Regulierung von KI
Authors: Merz Redaktion , Ballon Josephine 
Published: December 2024

HateAid ist eine gemeinnützige Organisation, die Opfern digitaler Gewalt unmittelbar Beratung und rechtliche Unterstützung bietet. Auch politisch ist das Team von HateAid sehr aktiv und setzt sich zum Beispiel dafür ein, dass es nicht mehr so erschreckend einfach ist, pornografisches Bild- und Videomaterial mit KI zu manipulieren bzw. zu erstellen, da die Auswirkungen für die Opfer immens sind. Wir sprechen dazu mit Josephine Ballon, Geschäftsführerin von HateAid.