bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The child's "difficult" temperament and its relation with parental stress in groups of parents bringing up boys and girls
Authors: Szymańska Agnieszka , Aranowska Elżbieta 
Published: May 2019

Cel pracyCelem badań było sprawdzenie, czy trudne cechy temperamentu dziecka, czyli: mała elastyczność, niska wytrwałość, niski poziom dobrego samopoczucia i zły nastrój są związane z rozbieżnością rodzicielską (zdefiniowaną jako odległość między celami rodziców, tj. cechami, które rodzice chcą kształtować u dzieci a poziomem rozwoju dziecka w zakresie kształtowanych cech) oraz trudności, jakie rodzice doświadczają w związku z dzieckiem (stres rodzicielski).MetodaW badaniu postawiono hipotezę, że trudne cechy temperamentu dziecka wiążą się z rozbieżnością i doświadczanym stresem rodzicielskim. Badaniem objęto 319 rodziców dzieci w wieku 3-6 lat (144 dziewczynki i 175 chłopców). Do analizy wykorzystano uogólnioną analizę skupień k-średnich przeprowadzoną przez algorytmy data mining.WynikiBadanie wykazało, że a) wyższy stres rodzicielski jest silniej związany z negatywnym nastrojem dzieci i wyższą elastycznością temperamentalną, b) niższy stres rodzicielski jest związany z wyższym pozytywnym nastrojem u dzieci. Ta relacja występuje zarówno w grupie rodziców wychowujących chłopców, jak i dziewczynki.WnioskiStres rodzicielski związany jest szczególnie z temperamentalną cechą nastroju. Im niższy jest pozytywny nastrój dziecka tym bardziej rodzic doświadcza stresu w relacji z dzieckiem.
Prevalence of pain in patients with multiple sclerosis and its association with anxiety, depressive symptoms and quality of life
Authors: Łabuz-Roszak Beata , Niewiadomska Ewa , Kubicka-Bączyk Katarzyna , Skrzypek Michał , Tyrpień-Golder Krystyna , Majewska Anna , Matejczyk Anna , Dobrakowski Paweł , Pierzchała Krystyna 
Published: May 2019

Cel pracyBól jest jednym z najczęściej zgłaszanych objawów stwardnienia rozsianego (SR). Wpływa na codzienne funkcjonowanie chorych, ogranicza zdolność do pracy, zmniejsza radość życia.
Celem pracy była analiza wpływu dolegliwości bólowych na jakość życia oraz występowanie objawów lękowych i depresyjnych u chorych na SR.MetodaBadaniem objęto 144 osoby (110 kobiet i 34 mężczyzn) z rozpoznanym na podstawie kryteriów Mc Donalda (2005) SR. Badanie przeprowadzono na podstawie autorskiej ankiety dotyczącej aktualnych i przebytych dolegliwości bólowych, kwestionariusza EuroQol 5D samooceny jakości życia chorych oraz szpitalnej skali oceny lęku i depresji (HADS).WynikiWśród wszystkich badanych, aktualne dolegliwości bólowe zgłaszało 117 osób (81,3%), natomiast 120 osób (83,3%) deklarowało występowanie dolegliwości bólowych w przeszłości. Aktualnie chorzy zgłaszali: bóle kończyn –79 osób (54,9%), bóle głowy i twarzy –72 (50%), bóle kręgosłupa –72 (50%), bolesne kurcze mięśni –54 (38,6%), ból w gałce ocznej –37 (25,7%), objaw Lhermitte’a –32 (22,2%). Nasilenie objawów lękowych i depresyjnych było istotnie statystycznie wyższe u osób zgłaszających dolegliwości bólowe w porównaniu z chorymi bez tego typu dolegliwości (HADS-L: 8,0±4,3 vs 5,1±4,3; p<0,01; HADS-D: 6,0±4,2 vs 3,4±3,7; p<0,01), zaś jakość życia była istotnie niższa (EQ 5D: 8,1±1,9 vs 6,3±1,4; p<0,0001). Stwierdzono związek pomiędzy występowaniem bólu a płcią (p<0,01), wiekiem (p<0,05), stopniem niesprawności (p<0,05), wykształceniem (p<0,001) i pracą zawodową (p<0,01).WnioskiBól u chorych na SR wiąże się z wyższym nasileniem objawów lęku i depresji oraz niższą jakością życia. Płeć żeńska, starszy wiek, niższe wykształcenie, większa niesprawność oraz brak pracy zawodowej predysponują do występowania dolegliwości bólowych u chorych na SR.
The pattern of contact lens uses among university female students at Hafr Al-Batin university, Saudi Arabia
Authors: G. Mohamed Asmaa , M. Gomaa Salma 
Published: May 2019

Background: Contact lens (CL) are widely used in Saudi Arabia, and interest in the lens among the population is increasing rapidly especially among the younger population. CL has become more important as an optical correction method. Many people compromise their visual health due to bad habits for wearing a contact lens.Aim: The present study aimed to assess the pattern of CL uses among university female students.Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study design was used. 225 students were agreed to participate in the study from four colleges. A structured questionnaire was developed to collect necessary information regarding; socio-demographic characteristics, history of using CL and eye complains.Results: The findings revealed that the majority 74.7% of university students using lens mostly for cosmetic purpose and 45.2% wear CL from 5-12/day.Conclusions: Based on the results of the present study, health education programs incorrect and careful practice regarding CL wear should be directed to the university students to prevent complications resulting from the wearer's inappropriate behavior.Â Â Â
Ginkgetin inhibits proliferation of HeLa cells via activation of p38/NF-ÎºB pathway
Authors: Cheng Jianxia , Li Yun , Kong Jianping 
Published: May 2019

Effect of ginkgetin on proliferation of human cervical cancer (HeLa) cells and the underlying mechanism were investigated. Human cervical cancer (HeLa) cells were cultured at 37 °C in 10 % fetal bovine serum (FBS) supplemented RPMI 1640 medium in a humidified incubator containing 5 % CO2. Cell proliferation was determined using MTT assay, while real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to determine the levels of expression of interleukin 1Î² (IL-1Î²), tumor necrosis factor-Î± (TNF-Î±) and interleukin 8 (IL-8). The expressions of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (p38 MAPK) and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF- ÎºB) were determined using Western blotting. Treatment of HeLa cells with ginkgetin significantly and time- and dose-dependently inhibited their proliferation (p < 0.05). The invasion of the cells were also significantly and dose-dependently decreased, when compared with control cells (p < 0.05). The expressions of p-p38 and p-NF-ÎºB were significantly and dose-dependently down-regulated, relative to control group (p < 0.05). However, the expressions of p38 and NF-ÎºB in ginkgetin-treated cells were not significantly different from those of control group (p > 0.05). The results of qRT-PCR and ELISA showed that the levels of expression of TNF-Î±, IL-1Î² and IL-8 mRNAs were significantly and dose-dependently reduced in HeLa cells after 48 h of treatment with ginkgetin, when compared with the control group (p < 0.05). The anti-proliferative effect of ginkgetin on HeLa cells is exerted via a mechanism involving the p38/NF-ÎºB pathway.
A hesperetin derivative plays a role in immunoregulatory effect on human macrophages
Authors: Ma Jian-li , Li Chun 
Published: May 2019

The immune system is an important physiological defense system. Its balance and stability are closely related to the body's health. Once the immune system loses its dynamic balance, the immune response will be blocked, which will lead to the occurrence of various diseases. Hesperetin is a kind of natural flavonoids extracted from citrus fruits of Rutaceae and it has many pharmacological activities. However, its water solubility and liposolubility are poor, and it is easy to be quickly metabolized in vivo, so it is difficult to maintain high blood drug concentration. Therefore, its derivative (HES) was found by structural modification. In this study, THP-1 cells were used as experimental model to investigate the immunomodulatory effect of HES in vitro. The results showed that HES participates in immune response by enhancing phagocytosis of macrophages to promote the release of NO, IL-6 and IL-1Î², and enhancing immunity by up-regulating the expression of Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL proteins. This study provides a theoretical and practical basis for the development of HES as an immunomodulator in the future.
Sliced Inverse Regression: application to fundamental stellar parameters
Authors: Kassounian Sarkis , Gebran Marwan , Paletou Frédéric , Watson Victor 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
We present a method for deriving the stellar fundamental parameters. It is based on a regularized sliced inverse regression (RSIR).We first tested it on noisy synthetic spectra of A, F, G, and K-type stars, and inverted simultaneously their atmospheric fundamental parameters: T
eff., log g, [M/H] and v sin i. Different learning databases were calculated using a range of sampling in T
eff., log g, v sin i, and [M/H]. Combined with a principal component analysis (PCA) nearest neighbors (NN) search, the size of the learning database is reduced. A Tikhonov regularization is applied, given the ill-conditioning of SIR. For all spectral types, decreasing the size of the learning database allowed us to reach internal accuracies better than PCA-based NN-search using larger learning databases. For each analyzed parameter, we have reached internal errors that are smaller than the sampling step of the parameter. We have also applied the technique to a sample of observed FGK and A stars. For a selection of well-studied stars, the inverted parameters are in agreement with the ones derived in previous studies. The RSIR inversion technique, complemented with PCA pre-processing proves to be efficient in estimating stellar parameters of A, F, G, and K-type stars.
Multi-criteria GIS analysis of the topography of the Moon and better solutions for potential landing
Authors: Valjarević Aleksandar , Živković Dragica , Gadžić Nebojša , Tomanović Dušan , Grbić Mirko 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
During the past twenty years, the need to reach theMoon by the private space missions has been growing. Some of the private missions are supported by Google Lunar X-prize and Space-X. In the period between 2020 and 2050 private companies will be planning landing to the Moon with their own capacity. These missions can send new geodesy and cartography data. Lunar topography modelling with new satellite and remote sensing data gives plenty of possibilities for its exploration. GIS (Geographical Information System) may be successfully to the Moon topography analysis. According to the results after GIS numerical analysis 30% of the territory of the Moon showed excellent characteristics for landing. The most useful parts of the Moon for potential landing belong to the altitude between 2,000 and 3,000 m and on the plateaus with the north-east direction of azimuth. These plateaus have an excellent inclination of 3° and azimuth of 120°. The main aim and goal of this investigation would be in better understanding of Moon topography and relief. With help of GIS numerical methods, the astronomical geodesy may be applied in better way. A potential mission to the Moon can use this topography investigation, presented maps and results.
New Distance Concept and Graph Theory Approach for Certain Coding Techniques Design and Analysis
Authors: Ouahada Khmaies , Ferreira Hendrik C. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractA New graph distance concept introduced for certain coding techniques helped in their design and analysis as in the case of distance-preserving mappings and spectral shaping codes. A graph theoretic construction, mapping binary sequences to permutation sequences and inspired from thek-cube graph has reached the upper bound on the sum of the distances for certain values of the length of the permutation sequence. The new introduced distance concept in thek-cube graph helped better understanding and analyzing for the first time the concept of distance-reducing mappings. A combination of distance and the index-permutation graph concepts helped uncover and verify certain properties of spectral null codes, which were previously difficult to analyze.
Radial averaging operator acting on Bergman and Lebesgue spaces
Authors: Korhonen Taneli , Peláez José Ángel , Rättyä Jouni 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
It is shown that the radial averaging operator

T
ω

⁢

(
f
)

⁢

(
z
)

=

∫

|
z
|

1

f
⁢

(

s
⁢

z

|
z
|

)

⁢
ω
⁢

(
s
)

⁢

𝑑
s

ω
^

⁢

(
z
)

,

ω
^

⁢

(
z
)

=

∫

|
z
|

1

ω
⁢

(
s
)

⁢

𝑑
s

,

T_{\omega}(f)(z)=\frac{\int_{|z|}^{1}f\bigl{(}s\frac{z}{|z|}\bigr{)}\omega(s)%
\,ds}{\widehat{\omega}(z)},\quad\widehat{\omega}(z)=\int_{|z|}^{1}\omega(s)\,ds,

induced by a radial weight ω on the unit disc

𝔻

{\mathbb{D}}

, is bounded from the weighted Bergman space

A
ν
p

{A^{p}_{\nu}}

, where

0
<
p
<
∞

{0<p<\infty}

and the radial weight ν satisfies

ν
^

⁢

(
r
)

≤

C
⁢

ν
^

⁢

(

1
+
r

2

)

{\widehat{\nu}(r)\leq C\widehat{\nu}(\frac{1+r}{2})}

for all

0
≤
r
<
1

{0\leq r<1}

, to

L
ν
p

{L^{p}_{\nu}}

if and only if the self-improving condition

sup

0
≤
r
<
1

⁡

ω
^

⁢

(
r
)

p

∫
r
1

s
⁢
ν
⁢

(
s
)

⁢

𝑑
s

⁢

∫
0
r

t
⁢
ν
⁢

(
t
)

ω
^

⁢

(
t
)

p

⁢

𝑑
t

<
∞

\sup_{0\leq r<1}\frac{\widehat{\omega}(r)^{p}}{\int_{r}^{1}s\nu(s)\,ds}\int_{0%
}^{r}\frac{t\nu(t)}{\widehat{\omega}(t)^{p}}\,dt<\infty

is satisfied. Further, two characterizations of the weak-type inequality

η
⁢

(

{

z
∈
𝔻

:

|

T
ω

⁢

(
f
)

⁢

(
z
)

|

≥
λ

}

)

≲

λ

-
p

⁢

∥
f
∥

L
ν
p

p

,

λ
>
0

,

\eta(\{z\in\mathbb{D}:|T_{\omega}(f)(z)|\geq\lambda\})\lesssim\lambda^{-p}\|f%
\|_{L^{p}_{\nu}}^{p},\quad\lambda>0,

are established for arbitrary radial weights ω, ν and η. Moreover, differences and interrelationships between the cases

A
ν
p

→

L
ν
p

{A^{p}_{\nu}\to L^{p}_{\nu}}

,

L
ν
p

→

L
ν
p

{L^{p}_{\nu}\to L^{p}_{\nu}}

and

L
ν
p

→

L
ν

p
,
∞

{L^{p}_{\nu}\to L^{p,\infty}_{\nu}}

are analyzed.
A Path-Specific Interpolation-and Weighting-Method to Speed up Ray-Tracer Path-Finding
Authors: Rembold Bernhard 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Ray-tracers are used for modeling the propagation behavior of mobile communications or radar within a given scenario. The necessary CPU-time for the path-finding is often the bottleneck of the simulation. The paper shows a new interpolation method, which exploits the similarity of an incoming plane wave at a receiver position with that in the vicinity of the position. This is combined with a linear weighting, as in general the waves at other receiver positions can be used for the interpolation. Examples using a ray-tracer equipped with the method demonstrate the effectiveness of the method.
Effects of Back Pressure on Flow Regime and Suction Performance of Gas–Liquid Swirl Ejector
Authors: Kim Sang-Hoon , Kim Sang-Min , Ko Tae-ho , Kim Hyung-min , Yoon Jisang , Yoon Woong-Sup , Lee Joonsang 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The back pressure of a gas–liquid swirl ejector is a critical parameter that affects the flow regime and entrainment performance of the system. In the case of a weak swirl injection, the motive jet carries relatively higher axial momentum thus remains in a single phase and the liquids appear glassy. With increasing in the back pressure of the bubble flow, the suction rate drops rapidly. For a strong swirl injection, the liquid jet is disintegrated due to higher angular momentum and the spray is atomized. Augmentation in the back pressure also causes the reduction in the suction rate but it tends to grow more gradual than the weak swirl injection. As a result, the suction rate of the strong swirl is greater than that of the weak swirl in the majority of the back-pressure range. However, owing to the high transition pressure, only the weak swirl entrains the air in the bubble flow regime at low back pressure. The relationship between the suction and the swirl intensity is not fixed and is influenced by the back pressure.
Crystal structure of diaqua-bis(cinnamato-κ2
O,O′)zinc(II), C18H18ZnO6
Authors: Kang Jaeun , Ok Kang Min , Do Junghwan 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
C18H18ZnO6, monoclinic, C2 (no. 5), a = 11.7049(4) Å, b = 5.09430(10) Å, c = 14.3230(4) Å, β = 100.370(2)°, V = 840.11(4) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0309, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0583, T = 293(2) K.
The crystal structure of 3-methoxyphenanthridin-6(5H)-one, C14H11NO2
Authors: Wu Deng-Ze 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
C14H11NO2, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 12.7731(19) Å, b = 5.4767(9) Å, c = 17.3616(18) Å, β = 119.747(7)°, V = 1054.5(3) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0562, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1907, T = 298(2) K.
Challenges Facing Social Enterprises in the United States
Authors: Abramson Alan J. , Billings Kara C. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractHybrid organizations that combine social purpose and profit motive appear to have grown significantly in number in the U.S. in recent decades. However, these organizations, which we call “social enterprises,” face challenges that impede their growth and hinder their ability to deliver greater benefits. To better understand what these challenges are, this paper surveys the growing literature on social enterprises which suggests that social enterprises now face these major obstacles: ill-fitting legal forms, obstacles to effective governance, problems in evaluating impact, weak supportive networks, difficulties in raising funding, and management tensions. Deepening understanding of the challenges facing social enterprises should help guide those interested in strengthening public policy toward social enterprise and other aspects of the support system for these organizations.
Recent development of Supercapacitor Electrode Based on Carbon Materials
Authors: Li Zhenhui , Xu Ke , Pan Yusheng 
Published: May 2019

AbstractSupercapacitor has gained significant attention due to its fast charging/discharging speed, high power density and long-term cycling stability in contrast to traditional batteries. In this review, state-of-the-art achievements on supercapacitor electrode based on carbon materials is summarized. In all-carbon composite materials part, various carbon materials including graphene, carbon nanotube, carbon foam and carbon cloth are composited to fabricate larger specific surface area and higher electrical conductivity electrodes. However, obstacles of low power density as well as low cycling life still remain to be addressed. In metal-oxide composites part, carbon nanotube, graphene, carbon fiber fabric and hollow carbon nanofibers combine with MnO2respectively, which significantly address drawbacks of all-carbon material electrodes. Additionally, TiO2is incorporated into graphene electrode to overcome the low mechanical flexibility of graphene. In organic active compounds part, conducting polymers are employed to combinate with carbon materials to fabricate high specific capacitance, long-term thermal stability and outstanding electroconductivity flexible textile supercapacitors. In each part, innovation, fabrication process and performance of the resulting composites are demonstrated. Finally, future directions that could enhance the performance of supercapacitors are discussed.
Financial Risk Assessment: Case of „Lietuvos Geležinkeliai“, AB
Authors: Skvarciany Viktorija , Germanaitė Laura 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
This research paper focuses on the analysis of the financial risk of Lietuvos geležinkeliai, AB (eng. Lithuanian Railways), which activities are passenger and freight transportation by rail. In order to assess the financial risk of the leading company areas of financial risk were identified and are as follows: liquidity risk, credit risk and market risk. However, due to limited access to statistics only financial report of the organisation were analysed and, hence, just liquidity and credit risk were investigated. Consequently, the limitation of the current research is that only two categories of financial risk were analysed. For the purpose of financial risk analysis, the key indicators of liquidity and credit risk were distinguished from the literature. The results showed that the biggest problem of the company is too small short-term assets and the profitability indicators, which were strongly influenced by net profit (loss).
On the use of uno in Colombian Spanish: the role of transitivity
Authors: Hurtado Luz Marcela , Ortega-Santos Ivan 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Our goal is to explore the intersection of two bodies of literature, namely, the one on impersonal constructions with an emphasis on uno ‘one’, and the one on the effect of transitivity and the focus of attention on the distribution of overt vs. null pronouns, where it has been shown that overt pronominal subjects are disfavored in transitive contexts as opposed to intransitive contexts. Through a variationist analysis of the expression of uno in Barranquilla, Colombia, in the PRESSEA-BARRANQUILLA corpus, we extend this line of inquiry to this impersonal pronoun and study in detail for the first time the effect of the various components of transitivity on the distribution of overt pronouns. Specifically, various transitivity parameters put forward by Hopper and Thompson are shown to correctly predict the distribution of uno, namely, number of participants and kinesis whereas sentence polarity, aspect and individuation of the object yield mixed results meriting future research.
Alternations should resurface next to surface generalizations: The reflexive-prepositional alternation in Portuguese
Authors: Szcześniak Konrad 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThis study examines a pair of constructions in Portuguese, the transitive construction and its paraphrase equivalent involving reflexive verbs with prepositional phrase complements. Each pattern’s thematic cores and semantic properties will be described, with the underlying assumption that the pair represents a verb alternation. The two Portuguese patterns will be held up as a case in favor of preserving alternations in cognitive models of grammar. First, it will be argued that whatever irregularities they may exhibit are only apparent and do not pose a challenge to the notion of alternations. Second, some important intuitions regarding the use of a verb in related constructions are only possible when the constructions are considered together.
CFD Analysis of Flow and Performance Characteristics of a 90°curved Rectangular Diffuser: Effects of Aspect Ratio and Reynolds Number
Authors: Kumaraswamy Rakesh , Natarajan Karthikeyan , Anand R. B. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The effect of aspect ratio (AS = 0.5, 1.0, 2.0) and Reynolds number (Re = 1, 2, 4, 8 × 105) on the flow and performance characteristics of a 90° curved rectangular diffuser was examined with the aid of the commercial CFD code ANSYS FLUENT. The results from computational analysis revealed the presence of stream vorticity indicative of secondary flow brought about by the curvature of the diffusing duct. As the fluid flow developed, the inertial core flow was pushed to the outer concave wall by overbearing centrifugal forces. The fluid flow sustained marginal changes with increasing aspect ratio and Reynolds number. However, the flow uniformity at the exit was enhanced. The rise in coefficient of static pressure (Cp) recovery and the drop in coefficient of total pressure loss (Closs) with increasing Reynolds number suggested improved diffuser performance. The flow uniformity index was found to be the highest for the diffuser of aspect ratio 1.
PERSPECTIVAS DE LOS MOVIMIENTOS SOCIALES Y LA PROBLEMÁTICA DEL ESTADO: LAS FORMAS DEL CAMBIO SOCIO-POLÍTICO A FINES DEL SIGLO XX
Authors: Iglesias Esteban 
Published: May 2019

El propósito de este artículo es analizar el modo en que dos perspectivas de la acción colectiva abordan el problema del Estado y como consecuencia de ello, la forma en que se concibe la transformación social a fines del siglo xx en sociedades atravesadas por el problema de la igualdad. El argumento que se desarrolla es que la perspectiva identitaria ha sobredimensionado el lugar de los movimientos sociales asignándoles el papel de “democratizadores” de la sociedad, mientras que el enfoque de la movilización de recursos ha replicado esto con la esfera estatal. Lo cierto es que entre ambas concepciones queda un espacio teórico que no ha sido explorado exhaustivamente en el marco de la acción colectiva, el de la mutua incidencia entre Estado y movimientos sociales. Esto abre nuevas posibilidades para continuar debatiendo acerca de los caminos hacia sociedades más igualitarias.