bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of human‐induced pluripotent stem cells and mesenchymal stem cell differentiation potential to insulin producing cells in 2D and 3D culture systems in vitro
Authors: Abazari Mohammad Foad , Nasiri Navid , Nejati Fatemeh , Zare Karizi Shohreh , Amini Faskhodi Mojdeh , Saburi Ehsan , Aghapur Nasrin , Mahdavi Mohammad Reza , Ardeshirylajimi Abdolreza , Enderami Seyed Ehsan , Soleimanifar Fatemeh 
Published: October 2019

AbstractDiabetes is one of the most common diseases in the world that is chronic, progressive, and costly, and causes many complications. Common drug therapies are not able to cure it, and pancreas transplantation is not responsive to the high number of patients. The production of the insulin producing cells (IPCs) from the stem cells in the laboratory and their transplantation to the patient's body is one of the most promising new approaches. In this study, the differentiation potential of the induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into IPCs was compared to each other while cultured on poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic) acid (PLGA)/polyethylene glycol (PEG) nanofibrous scaffold as a 3D substrate and tissue culture polystyrene (TCPS) as a 2D substrate. Although the expression level of the insulin, Glut2 and pdx‐1 genes in stem cells cultured on 3D substrate was significantly higher than the stem cells cultured on 2D substrate, the highest expression level of these genes was detected in the iPSCs cultured on PLGA‐PEG. Insulin and C‐peptide secretions from differentiated cells were also investigated and the results showed that secretions in cultured iPSCs on the PLGA‐PEG were significantly higher than cultured iPSCs on the TCPS and cultured MSCs on both PLGA‐PEG and TCPS. In addition, insulin protein was also expressed in the cultured iPSCs on the PLGA‐PEG significantly higher than cultured MSCs on the PLGA‐PEG. It can be concluded that differentiation potential of iPSCs into IPCs is significantly higher than human MSCs at both 2D and 3D culture systems.
MKP1 reduces neuroinflammation via inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial dysfunction
Authors: Huang Dezhi , Jiang Yugang 
Published: October 2019

AbstractMAP kinase phosphatase 1 (MKP1) has been identified as an antiapoptotic protein via sustaining mitochondrial function. However, the role of MKP1 in neuroinflammation has not been fully understood. The aim of this study is to figure out the influence of MKP1 in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐treated microglia BV‐2 cells and investigate whether MKP1 reduces BV‐2 cell death via modulating endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. The results of this study demonstrated that MKP1 was rapidly downregulated after exposure to LPS. However, the transfection of MKP1 adenovirus could reverse cell viability and attenuate LPS‐mediated BV‐2 cell apoptosis. Mechanistically, MKP1 overexpression alleviated ER stress and corrected LPS‐induced calcium overloading. Besides, MKP1 adenovirus transfection also reversed mitochondrial bioenergetics, maintained mitochondrial membrane potential, and blocked mitochondria‐initiated apoptosis signals. Furthermore, we found that MKP1 overexpression is associated with inactivation of mitogen‐activated protein kinase–c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase (MAPK–JNK) pathway. Interestingly, the activation of MAPK–JNK pathway could abolish the protective effects of MKP1 on BV‐2 cells survival and mitochondrial function in the presence of LPS. Altogether, our results identified MKP1 as a primary defender of neuroinflammation via modulating ER stress and mitochondrial function in a manner dependent on MAPK–JNK pathway. These findings may open a new window for the treatment of neuroinflammation in the clinical setting.
Practicing mind‐body medicine before Freud: John G. Gehring, the “Wizard of the Androscoggin”
Authors: Harris Ben , Stevens Courtney J. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis article describes the psychotherapy practice of physician John G. Gehring and places it in historical context. Forgotten today, Gehring was a highly sought‐after therapist from the 1890s to the 1920s by prominent figures in the arts, sciences, business, and law. He practiced a combination of work therapy, suggestion, and autosuggestion that has similarities to Cognitive Behavior Therapy and Behavioral Activation. Using biographies, memoirs, and archival records, the details of Gehring's work are reconstructed and the reasons for its success are analyzed. His invisibility in the history of psychiatry is attributed to the later dominance of Freudianism within the field.
Neurochemical abnormalities in patients with type 1 Gaucher disease on standard of care therapy
Authors: Kartha Reena V. , Joers James , Terluk Marcia R. , Travis Abigail , Rudser Kyle , Tuite Paul J. , Weinreb Neal J. , Jarnes Jeanine R. , Cloyd James C. , Öz Gülin 
Published: October 2019

AbstractType 1 Gaucher disease (GD1), a glycosphingolipid storage disorder caused by deficient activity of lysosomal glucocerebrosidase, is classically considered non‐neuronopathic. However, current evidence challenges this view. Multiple studies show that mutations in GBA1 gene and decreased glucocerebrosidase activity are associated with increased risk for Parkinson disease. We tested the hypothesis that subjects with GD1 will show neurochemical abnormalities consistent with cerebral involvement. We performed Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy at 7 T to quantify neurochemical profiles in participants with GD1 (n = 12) who are on stable therapy. Age and gender matched healthy participants served as controls (n = 13). Neurochemical profiles were obtained from parietal white matter (PWM), posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), and putamen. Further, in the GD1 group, the neurochemical profiles were compared between individuals with and without a single L444P allele. We observed significantly lower levels of key neuronal markers, N‐acetylaspartate, γ‐aminobutyric acid, glutamate and glutamate‐to‐glutamine ratio in PCC of participants with GD1 compared to healthy controls (P < .015). Glutamate concentration was also lower in the putamen in GD1 (P = .01). Glucose + taurine concentration was significantly higher in PWM (P = .04). Interestingly, individuals without L444P had significantly lower aspartate and N‐acetylaspartylglutamate in PCC (both P < .001), although this group was 7 years younger than those with an L444P allele. This study demonstrates neurochemical abnormalities in individuals with GD1, for which clinical and prognostic significance remains to be determined. Further studies in a larger cohort are required to confirm an association of neurochemical levels with mutation status and glucocerebrosidase structure and function.SynopsisUltrahigh field magnetic resonance spectroscopy reveals abnormalities in neurochemical profiles in patients with GD1 compared to matched healthy controls.
A hybrid shuffled frog‐leaping and pattern search algorithm for load frequency controller design of a two‐area system composing of PV grid and thermal generator
Authors: Khadanga Rajendra Kumar , Kumar Amit , Panda Sidhartha 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe shuffled frog‐leaping algorithm (SFLA) is a nature‐inspired metaheuristic swarm‐based optimization algorithm, which mimics the social behavior of memetics. The SFLA comprises an arrangement of communicating virtual population of frogs divided into various memeplexes. Many attempts have been made to find the variant of the SFLA that performs better on a variety of optimization tasks by making the original SFLA more complex. This paper proposes the hybrid approach by combining the SFLA algorithm with a pattern search algorithm, which improves the original technique named as the hybrid shuffled frog‐leaping and pattern search algorithm (hSFLA‐PS). The superiority of the proposed hybrid algorithm over the original SFLA in terms of implementation time and solution quality is compared by taking several benchmark test functions. In the next step, the real application of the proposed hybrid approach in the engineering field is done by designing a proportional‐integral‐derivative (PID) controller for frequency regulation of a two‐area power system that is composed of a photovoltaic (PV) grid and a thermal generator. It is observed that the hSFLA‐PS–based PID controller is more effective for the load frequency control compared with conventional controllers tuned with genetic algorithm (GA) and firefly algorithm (FA).
Understanding interaction effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in rice under elevated carbon dioxide conditions
Authors: Panneerselvam Periyasamy , Sahoo Sowarnalisha , Senapati Ansuman , Kumar Upendra , Mitra Debasis , Parameswaran Chidambaranathan , Anandan Annamalai , Kumar Anjani , Jahan Afrin , Nayak Amaresh Kumar 
Published: October 2019

AbstractArbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), particularly the Glomerales group, play a paramount role in plant nutrient uptake, and abiotic and biotic stress management in rice, but recent evidence revealed that elevated CO2 concentration considerably reduces the Glomerales group in soil. In view of this, the present study was initiated to understand the interaction effect of native Glomerales species application in rice plants (cv. Naveen) under elevated CO2 concentrations (400 ± 10, 550 ± 20, and 700 ± 20 ppm) in open‐top chambers. Three different modes of application of the AMF inoculum were evaluated, of which, combined application of AMF at the seedling production and transplanting stages showed increased AMF colonization, which significantly improved grain yield by 25.08% and also increased uptake of phosphorus by 18.2% and nitrogen by 49.5%, as observed at 700‐ppm CO2 concentration. Organic acids secretion in rice root increased in AMF‐inoculated plants exposed to 700‐ppm CO2 concentration. To understand the overall effect of CO2 elevation on AMF interaction with the rice plant, principal component and partial least square regression analysis were performed, which found both positive and negative responses under elevated CO2 concentration.
Prognostic significance of mucinous component in hilar cholangiocarcinoma after curative‐intent resection
Authors: Lu Jiong , Li Bei , Li Fu‐Yu , Ye Hui , Xiong Xian‐Ze , Cheng Nan‐Sheng 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe presence of mucinous component has been indicated to have a prognostic value in adenocarcinoma. However, little is known regarding the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of hilar cholangiocarcinoma (HC) with mucinous component (HCM).MethodsBetween January 1996 and December 2014, a total of 61 HCM patients who underwent curative‐intent resection at West China Hospital were retrospectively reviewed. The clinicopathological characteristics and survival of these patients were compared with a large cohort of 217 surgically resected conventional HC patients during the same period.ResultsThe clinicopathological characteristics of HCM were distinct from conventional HC, including higher CA19‐9 levels, larger tumor sizes, less differentiation, and a high frequency of liver parenchyma invasion, portal vein invasion, and lymphovascular invasion. HCM patients showed significantly worse recurrence‐free survival (13.4 vs 23.9 months; P = .011) and overall survival (18.2 vs 32.1 months; P = .019) compared with conventional HC patients. Multivariate analysis confirmed liver parenchyma invasion, N stage, surgical margin, and histological grade as independent prognostic factors influencing overall survival in HCM patients.ConclusionHCM showed distinct clinicopathological features, more aggressive biological behaviors, and poor prognosis in comparison with conventional HC. Therefore, the mucinous component is an adverse prognostic factor for HC.
Potential survival benefit of radiofrequency ablation for small solitary intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma in nonsurgically managed patients: A population‐based analysis
Authors: Wu Lu , Tsilimigras Diamantis I. , Farooq Ayesha , Hyer J. Madison , Merath Katiuscha , Paredes Anghela Z. , Mehta Rittal , Sahara Kota , Shen Feng , Pawlik Timothy M. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundLittle data regarding the selection of nonsurgical therapies for localized intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) are available.MethodsA cohort of nonsurgically managed patients with American Joint Commission on Cancer clinical stage I/II ICC in the United States from 2004 to 2013 were identified in the National Cancer Database. Overall survival (OS) was compared according to treatment options (radiofrequency ablation [RFA] vs chemoradiotherapy) using propensity‐score matching.ResultsAmong 505 patients, 86 patients were treated with RFA and 419 patients were treated with chemoradiotherapy. After propensity matching (n = 84, each group), 5‐year OS was 17.6% among patients who underwent RFA vs 3.8% among patients receiving chemoradiotherapy (P < .001). On bivariate analysis, RFA was related to an OS benefit (hazard ratio, 0.46; 95% confidence interval, 0.33‐0.66; P < .001). Specifially, a stage‐specific subgroup analysis revealed a survival benefit in favor of RFA among stage I patients (5‐year OS; RFA: 20.1% vs chemoradiotherapy: 3.7%, P < .001), whereas no difference in OS was noted among patients with stage II disease.ConclusionAmong ICC patients with small (≤5 cm), solitary ICC without vascular invasion, RFA was associated with better survival compared with chemoradiotherapy.
Engineered oncolytic virus for the treatment of cholesteatoma: A pilot in vivo study
Authors: Samy Ravi N. , Earl Brian R. , Lipschitz Noga , Schweinzger Ivy , Currier Mark , Cripe Timothy 
Published: October 2019

ObjectiveDetermine if oncolytic herpes simplex virus (oHSV) can eradicate cholesteatoma (CHST) in a gerbil model.MethodsAn in vivo model of CHST was developed in Mongolian gerbils by combining Pseudomonas aeruginosa inoculation with double ligation of the external auditory canal (EAC). CHST size and bone thickness were measured using morphometric and volumetric quantification techniques via micro‐computed tomography (micro‐CT). The CHST induction and quantification techniques were then used in an additional group of 10 gerbils (n = 20 ears) to determine the within‐group treatment efficacy of oHSV against CHST in vivo. Treated animals received either one, two, or three intrabullar injections of oHSV between 2 and 6 weeks postinduction of CHST.ResultsThe P. aeruginosa inoculation plus double EAC ligation technique successfully induced a range of CHST growth in 100% of the ears in the model‐development group. Osteolytic effects of CHST were observed in 6% of ears whereas osteoblastic effects were observed in 31% of ears. CHST volume decreased by 50% or more in 12 of the 20 ears in the oHSV‐treatment groups. An apparent reversal of osteoblastic effects was also observed in three out of four ears 6 weeks following the third oHSV injection.ConclusionsP. aeruginosa inoculation plus double EAC ligation reliably induces CHST formation in gerbil. CT‐based volumetric measures are significantly more accurate than single‐slice morphometric area measures for quantification of CHST size. Treatment with oHSV appears to be efficacious for reducing CHST volume by as much as 77% with as few as one treatment.Level of EvidenceNA
Large Area Thick Films of PVDF‐TrFE and Relaxor‐Ceramics for Piezo‐ and Pyroelectric Applications
Authors: Dietze Matthias , Es‐Souni Mohammed 
Published: October 2019

AbstractWearable electronics, sensors, and energy harvesting devices are gaining an ever increasing importance in consumer products. Their success is, however, contingent on the availability of flexible and cost‐effective functional materials. The present paper presents an up‐scaled processing route for 0–3 thick film composites of the ferroelectric polymer polyvinylidenefluoride‐trifluoroethylene and a relaxor ceramic. Different compositions are investigated for pyro‐ and piezoelectric applications. Various samples are produced via tape casting and spin‐coating as freestanding and supported films of up to 600 × 200 mm² and on 150 mm silicon wafers, respectively. The samples are characterized in terms of thickness and roughness reproducibility, mechanical properties, and impedance. It is shown that good reproducibility and quality of the films can be realized. Depending on the application targeted (pyroelectric or piezoelectric), specific compositions together with the suitable poling process are presented. For instance, a composite with 24 vol% ceramic shows highest pyroelectric properties together with lowest piezoelectric thickness coefficient (d33) when poled for pyroelectric applications. On the other hand, a composite with 50 vol% ceramic exhibits a d33 of 100 pm V−1 that is unsurpassed for this type of composites. These properties are advantageous in a large variety of applications, including wearable devices.
The role of N6‐methyladenosine modification on diapause in silkworm (Bombyx mori) strains that exhibit different voltinism
Authors: Jiang Tao , Li Jiashuang , Qian Ping , Xue Peng , Xu Jin , Chen Yanrong , Zhu Juan , Tang Shunming , Zhao Qiaoling , Qian Heying , Shen Xingjia 
Published: October 2019

AbstractN6‐methyladenosine (m6A) plays a key role in regulating gene expression in myriad organisms. Diapause is an important plastic phenotype that allows insects to survive under specific environmental conditions. However, the diapause molecular mechanism remains unknown. In this study, we analyzed the phylogenetics of genes related to the m6A modification complex in the silkworm (Bombyx mori) based on identified sequences from other organisms. We detected the expression of these genes during different developmental phases from four strains with different voltinism. We also determined total m6A content in cells treated with different diapause hormone concentrations or eggs exposed to hydrochloric acid. Our data revealed that m6A‐modification‐related gene expression and m6A content were greater in diapause‐destinated compared to nondiapause‐destined strains. Our findings suggest that m6A modification may provide significant epigenetic regulation of diapause‐related genes in the silkworm.
Reducing glucose variability with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion is associated with reversal of axonal dysfunction in type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Kamel Jordan , Loh Margaret , Cook Mark , MacIsaac Richard J. , Roberts Leslie J. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIntroductionWe assess whether improvement in control of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) can protect peripheral nerve function.MethodsTwelve patients with T1DM treated with multiple daily insulin injections were assessed with nerve excitability testing prior to and 3 months after initiation of CSII.ResultsAlthough commencing treatment with CSII for 3 months improved mean glycosylated hemoglobin, it did not significantly alter nerve excitability or glycemic variability (GV). In four patients, some deterioration in GV was observed, while eight patients had improvement in SD and mean amplitude of glycemic excursions. For these eight patients, there was normalization of depolarizing and hyperpolarizing threshold electrotonus and recovery cycle superexcitablity.DiscussionWhen CSII initiation is able to reduce glycemic variability in T1DM, reversal of axonal dysfunction is seen, likely due to normalization of sodium‐potassium pump function and restoration of transaxonal membrane potential.
Real‐time and fine‐grained network monitoring using in‐band network telemetry
Authors: Hyun Jonghwan , Van Tu Nguyen , Yoo Jae‐Hyoung , Hong James Won‐Ki 
Published: October 2019

SummaryIn the modern era of software‐defined networking (SDN), network monitoring is becoming more important for providing information about a network and helping SDN controllers to make decisions about the network. In‐band Network Telemetry (INT) is a new network monitoring framework that collects packet‐level network information to provide real‐time and fine‐grained network monitoring. In this paper, we present the design of the overall INT management architecture and its two main components: the INT management system and INTCollector. The INT management system controls heterogeneous INT‐capable devices through a common interface. INTCollector is a high‐performance collector for INT data, which uses eXpress Data Path and an event detection mechanism. The evaluation result shows that INTCollector processes telemetry reports 27 times faster than other packet‐level telemetry collectors. We made the implementation as open source, to make researchers who are interested in INT implement their own ideas on top of our work.
Palliative care utilization in hospitalized children with cancer
Authors: Cheng Brian T. , Wangmo Tenzin 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundThere is growing evidence that palliative care (PC) is associated with increased quality of life in children with cancer. Despite increasing recommendations in support of PC to improve pediatric oncology care, little is known about its patterns of use.MethodsWe analyzed the 2005‐2011 National Inpatient Sample, a representative, cross‐sectional sample of US hospital admissions. Our study cohort comprised 10 960 hospitalizations of children with cancer and high in‐hospital mortality risk. Survey‐weighted regression models were constructed to determine associations of person‐ and hospital‐level characteristics with PC involvement and healthcare costs.ResultsOverall, 4.4% of hospitalizations included PC involvement. In regression models invoking stepwise variable selection, a shorter length of stay (PC vs no PC; mean: 23.9 vs 32.6 days), solid cancer (solid vs hematologic vs brain cancer; PC use: 7.4% vs 2.8% vs 5.5%), and older age (PC vs no PC; mean: 10.2 vs 8.9 years) were associated with PC use. PC utilization was also associated with lower overall and daily hospital costs.ConclusionsOne in 20 pediatric inpatients with cancer and high mortality risk receives PC, with differential utilization by socio‐economic groups. These results have significant implications for public health resource allocation and the delivery of pediatric PC as high‐value care. Future research should focus on the development of new tools to help physicians assess when PC is appropriate for their patients.
Diversity in deafness: Assessing students who are deaf or hard of hearing
Authors: Smith Chad , Allman Tamby 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe purpose of this article is to support members of a student's multidisciplinary team to identify complex factors involved in providing valid classroom‐based assessment data, including issues surrounding technology‐based assessment for students who are deaf or hard of hearing (DHH). The diversity of this population creates unique challenges in creating guidelines for assessment. An overview of the diversity of DHH students is used to provide a framework for examining current assessment practices, including both effective and ineffective practices. Cognitive and linguistic learning differences and diverse language learning experiences in the population are discussed as they relate to assessment protocols. Paralleling technology‐based learning experiences with comparable technology‐based assessment experiences is also presented. Recommendations for planning for accessible and meaningful assessment include the use of innovative technologies to align instruction and assessment.