bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Periodontitis Borne Risk Factors & Oral Health: A Pilot Study
Authors: Rawat Preeti , Bhardwaj Amit , Dave Aparna , Chandra Nimai Chand 
Published: December 2024

This study targets to earmark the risk factors that gets emerged in saliva and serum in the pathogenicity of periodontitis. ELISA based kits were used to estimate the risk components (TNF-a, IL-10 and IgA) in saliva and serum following company directed protocols. Colorimetry or spectrophotometry was used for the other estimations. Patients critically suffered from periodontitis, having pocket depth beyond 4mm, were found mildly affected with systemic hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia besides salivary hyperglycemia. The pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-a was found exorbitantly high in the saliva of the periodontitis affected subjects. No significant change of the anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10) was observed in the saliva except, a marginal increase in serum as compared to the control group. A remarkably low IgA level was found in both serum and saliva of the patients suffered from periodontitis. Blood groups of the subjects in this study didn’t show any correlation to the periodontitis infection. Females were found more vulnerable to periodontitis infection than the male counterparts. Lacking appropriate dental care could be the primary reason of making rooms for the settlement of microbes around teeth periphery causing periodontal pathogenicity.
Keywords: Periodontitis, TNF-α, IL-10, IgA, Oral infection
GENEALOGY AND SILSILA OF SUFI SHEIKHS OF THE KHALWATIYYA ORDER IN THE LEZGIN VILLAGE OF KHLYUT
Authors: Zakariyaev Zamir Sh 
Published: December 2024

The paper reveals the results of studying the genealogy and the chain of spiritual succession of Sufi sheikhs who lived in the 18th–19th centuries in the mountainous Lezgi village of Khlyut, South Dagestan. A Sufi monastery, known as “Tekke”, was located there. The founder of the monastery was Sheikh Muhammad-‘Ali, who is believed to be of Yemen origin. We present the text and annotated translation of an early list of a valuable historical source in Arabic for the first time. The list has been found to be compiled approximately in the middle of the 18th century, which makes it the earliest surviving document of this kind in Dagestan. It includes both the spiritual genealogy (silsila) and the lineage (nasab) of the Khlyut sheikhs. The author managed to almost completely restore the content of the main text of the document, which became possible due to the presence of two handwritten lists. We conclude that the main text of the late list, with the exception of a small interpolated insert, was carried over from the early list. Both lists end with small late additions with information about two branches of the sheikhs’ descendants. An analysis of the genealogy of Khlyut spiritual figures shows that they were descendants of Sufi sheikhs who lived in northern Shirvan. Silsila contains the names of the most famous medieval Sufis of the Muslim world and goes back to the Yemeni Tabi‘in Uwais al-Qarani, and through him to ‘Ali b. Abi Talib. The mention in the silsila of famous Shirvan sheikhs of the 15th century of the Khalwatiyya order, as well as their successors, who lived in the mountains of southern Dagestan, leaves no doubt that the Khlyut sheikhs also belonged to this Sufi brotherhood. It has been established that the vigorous activity of Khalwatiyya in South Dagestan was not limited only to the Late Middle Ages, but continued later. The Arabic-language inscriptions of the Tekke complex, on the territory of which the burial places of Sufis, the remains of residential buildings and premises for Sufi practices are located, have also been studied.
Pengaruh Pengetahuan Pajak, Tarif Pajak, Dan Sanksi Pajak Terhadap Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak Orang Pribadi Bagi Pelaku Usaha Online
Authors: Basiroh Alfi , Sari Ika 
Published: December 2024

This study aims to gather empirical evidence on the influence of tax knowledge, tax rates, and tax sanctions on the tax compliance of individual online entrepreneurs in Jabodetabek. This quantitative research employed simple random sampling as the sampling technique, resulting in 97 respondents. Primary data was collected through direct distribution of questionnaires. Data analysis was conducted using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) based on Partial Least Square (PLS) using SmartPLS 4.0. The findings revealed that tax knowledge and tax sanctions variables do not significantly influence taxpayer compliance, while the tax rate variable significantly impacts taxpayer compliance.
PENYEGARAN KADER TENTANG POSYANDU TERINTEGRASI DALAM RANGKA TRANSFORMASI LAYANAN PRIMER DAN PEMBUATAN PUPUK KOMPOS DI DESA LIMAN BENAWI KECAMATAN TRIMURJO KABUPATEN LAMPUNG TENGAH
Authors: Rosmadewi Rosmadewi , Hartati Ani , Arianto Arianto , Gultom Tati Baina 
Published: December 2024

Abstrak: Transformasi layanan primer merupakan pilar pertama dalam transformasi kesehatan Indonesia, dimana dalam penerapannya memiliki fokus memperkuat aktivitas promotif dan preventif untuk menciptakan lebih banyak orang sehat, memperbaiki skrining kesehatan serta meningkatkan kapasitas layanan primer. Salah satu pelayanan kesehatan yang bertujuan untuk memperbaiki skrining kesehatan dan meningkatkan kapasitas layanan primer, Kementerian Kesehatan melaunching tentang Posyandu Terintegrasi. Posyandu terintegrasi adalah kegiatan pelayanan sosial dasar keluarga yang dilakukan secara terintegrasi dan koordinatif, serta saling memperkuat antar program. Posyandu terintegrasi bertujuan untuk memberikan pelayanan kesehatan dasar yang mudah diakses oleh masyarakat.Sampah merupakan produk yang dihasilkan dari kegiatan manusia berupa material tidak berguna yang akan bertambah setiap hari selama manusia masih melakukan aktivitasnya. Apabila kondisi ini terus dibiarkan, maka yang terjadi adalah material sisa tersebut akan bertumpuk dan menimbulkan masalah serius. Sampah dapat dipilah menjadi sampah organik dan anorganik. Sampah organik dapat diolah menjadi pupuk kompos yang dapat digunakan sebagai pupuk tanaman dan juga dapat dijual sehingga dapat menambah pemasukan masyarakat.Kampung Liman Benawi merupakan salah satu kampung yang berada di wilayah Kecamatan Trimurjo Kabupaten Lampung Tengah yang memiliki permasalahan tentang kurang optimalnya peran kader dalam membantu tenaga kesehatan untuk meningkatkan kesehatan di masyarakat dan masyarakat belum tahu tentang pengelolaan sampah.Oleh karenanya, tim pengabdi Poltekkes Kemenkes Tanjungkarang melakukan kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat berupa penyegaran kader posyandu tentang Posyandu Terintegrasi dan praktik pengolahan sampah rumah tangga menjadi pupuk kompos. Berkaitan dengan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat, masyarakat cukup antusias dalam mengikuti kegiatan pengabmas yang sudah disepakati dengan pamong dan masyarakat. Sebagian besar masyarakat yang diundang untuk mengikuti kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat di kampung Liman Benawi pada hadir. Disarankan, perangkat kampung dan masyarakat memprogramkan kegiatan dalam rangka peningkatan kesehatan masyarakatnya berupa mengoptimalkan peran kader kesehatan dalam kegiatan posyandu terintegrasi dan memilah sampah rumah tangga menjadi sampah organik dan sampah non organik. Selanjutnya sampah organik dapat diolah menjadi pupuk kompos yang dapat digunakan sendiri sebagai pupuk tanaman dan juga bisa dijual seehingga menjadi sumber pemasukan bagi masyarakat kampung Liman Benawi. Kata kunci: Penyegaran Kader, Posyadu Terintegrasi, Pembuatan Pupuk Kompos.
Comparative analyses of symptoms, severity, and breakthrough infections in vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals during three waves of COVID-19 in India
Authors: Bhardwaj Priya , Jetly Sunita , Yadav Sunita , Kaushik Rahul , Naidu Kumar , Saluja Daman , Taneja Jyoti 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundIndia witnessed three COVID-19 pandemic waves, each with various degrees of severity and clinical signs. The coronavirus strain and immunization status have a significant impact on the severity of COVID-19 infections. The current study intends to evaluate and compare the symptoms, severity, and breakthrough infections in vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals over the three waves of the pandemic.MethodsThis was a retrospective survey study. A Google based questionnaire was used to collect data on demographics, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection status, re-infections, associated symptoms, severity, and vaccination status over three waves, post-COVID-19 sequelae, and willingness to receive a COVID-19 booster dose in the Indian population. The replies of 3,404 Indian participants were analysed using STATA 11.ResultsEach wave showed a decrease in the number of symptomatic COVID-19 infections. However, fever and loss of smell/taste were identified as the most common symptoms in each wave. Clinical symptoms such as fever, weariness, and shortness of breath were shown to be considerably higher in vaccinated than unvaccinated individuals. The number of SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections increased between the second and third waves. Approximately 36.5% of people with protracted COVID-19 had previously received immunization after recovering from a natural COVID-19 illness. Overall, 34.8% of individuals were hesitant to take the COVID-19 booster dose.ConclusionIncreased symptoms in vaccinated individuals during the second wave, emphasizing the potential role of antibody-dependent augmentation. A considerable fraction (36.5%) of those with protracted COVID-19 infections had previously received vaccination after contracting the virus naturally. The fact that vaccine received after COVID-19 infection has been shown to be a risk factor for long-term COVID-19 emphasizes the need for vigilance in this specific subgroup.
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and gastroesophageal reflux disease: a mendelian randomization study in European and East Asian populations
Authors: Su Chen’guang , Liao Zheng , Li Hewen , Pei Yinxuan , Wang Zixiang , Li Jian , Liu Jinlong 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundNumerous observational studies have shown a potential association between metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). However, causality is unclear. This study utilized genome-wide association study (GWAS) genetic data to explore the causal relationship between MASLD and GERD in European and East Asian populations.MethodsThis study utilized a bidirectional, two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach. All disease data were obtained from the GWAS database, and single nucleotide polymorphisms strongly associated with exposure were selected as instrumental variables. The inverse variance weighted (IVW) method is primarily utilized to evaluate the causal relationship between exposure and outcome. Finally, sensitivity analyses were performed to ensure the robustness of the results.ResultsThe IVW estimates indicated that non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) (odds ratio (OR) = 1.054, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.966–1.150, p = 0.236) and percent liver fat (OR = 0.977, 95% CI, 0.937–1.018, p = 0.258) in European population were not linked to a higher risk of GERD. However, GERD in European population was associated with an increased risk of NAFLD (OR = 1.485, 95% CI, 1.274–1.729, p &lt; 0.001) and percent liver fat (OR = 1.244, 95% CI, 1.171–1.321, p &lt; 0.001). In addition, the IVW analysis in East Asian population showed that alanine aminotransferase (ALT) was associated with an increased risk of GERD (OR = 2.305, 95% CI, 1.241–4.281, p = 0.008), whereas aspartate aminotransferase (AST) had no causal effects on GERD risk (OR = 0.973, 95% CI, 0.541–1.749, p = 0.926). Furthermore, the associations between GERD and ALT (OR = 1.007, 95% CI, 0.998–1.015, p = 0.123) or AST (OR = 1.004, 95% CI, 0.997–1.012, p = 0.246) were not significant. After removing outliers, a significant correlation between GERD and ALT was observed (OR = 1.009, 95% CI, 1.001–1.016, p = 0.020).ConclusionThere was reverse causality between MASLD and GERD in European population, while there was bidirectional causality between a proxie for MASLD (ALT) and GERD in East Asian population. This study can provide novel insights into cross-ethnic genetic research on MASLD and GERD.
Social worlds of Appalachian women caregivers of older relatives living with dementia
Authors: McCann Brandy Renee , Roberto Karen A. , Savla J. , Blieszner Rosemary 
Published: December 2024

RationaleOver 11 million people in the United States provide care for an older family member with dementia, with this responsibility primarily falling on daughters and wives. In Appalachia, a mountainous region in the U.S characterized by close families, family members were crucial to ensuring that care needs were met for people living with dementia during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, we know little about the well-being of family caregivers during the public health crisis. Guided by a Limited Future Time Perspective postulate, which posits that as people age they begin to prioritize emotionally meaningful relationships over instrumental goals, we asked how dementia caregiving changes the social lives of family caregivers situated within kin networks; and how a public health crisis (i.e., COVID-19 pandemic) affects caregivers who are already at risk for social isolation and feelings of loneliness.MethodsParticipants were recruited from a regional health care system and four Area Agencies on Aging. In our longitudinal study we invited family caregivers to be interviewed at multiple time points over a 4-year period. The sample for this study was women caregivers interviewed (N = 27; age range 32–81, m = 63). Interviewers followed a semi-structured protocol with questions designed to elicit descriptions about (a) changes in formal and informal support over time, (b) the person living with dementia's symptoms and disease progression, and (c) how the pandemic affected caregivers’ and persons living with dementia's social worlds.FindingsWe found three types of caregivers: (1) caregivers who had social lives interdependent with their relative with dementia, (2) caregivers and persons living with dementia whose social lives were restricted due to dementia symptoms and caregiving demands, and (3) caregivers and their relative living with dementia who maintained separate social lives. Dementia symptoms more than social distancing measures contributed to caregivers’ shrinking social worlds particularly for those with interdependent social lives despite living amongst kin.ConclusionsThis study is important in understanding how women in Appalachia fared during a pandemic in the context of dementia caregiving. This research supports the need for respite services and dementia care training for respite workers.
Comprehensive analysis of skin growth-related hub genes and microenvironment characterization in a mouse expanded skin model
Authors: Wang Yinmin , Qi Wenxiao , Yu Shun , Zhou Xianyu , Wang Xiuxia , Liu Fei , Jin Rui , Luo Xusong , Ma Qiangliang , Lu Lin , Yang Jun 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundMechanical stretch-mediated tissue expansion is effective for obtaining extra skin and soft tissue required for the repair of defects or reconstruction of surface organs. Understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms and identifying hub genes and key cell types associated with skin expansion could help predict the success of skin growth during expansion procedures.MethodsWe analyzed murine chip sequencing data and single-cell sequencing data available from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Based on the differentially expressed and epithelial–mesenchymal transition-related genes, random forest and protein-protein interaction network analysis identified hub genes for predicting skin regeneration in tissue expansion. The fate of the cell subpopulations, expression of hub genes in different cell types, and their communication were also assessed.ResultsFive genes, integrin beta 5 (Itgb5), tropomyosin 1 (Tpm1), secreted frizzled-related protein-1 (Sfrp1), Notch1, and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 2 (Igfbp2), were identified as having the greatest impact on prediction accuracy. These hub genes were primarily enriched in the Notch and phosphoinositide 3-kinase-AKT pathways. Immune cell infiltration analysis further revealed that mast cell infiltration was significantly higher in the expanded skin group than that in the control group. According to single-cell data, the interactions between epithelial cells, stem cells, and other cell types were higher in the expanded skin group than those in the control group. Moreover, Tpm1, Sfrp1, and Notch1 were highly expressed in all epithelial and stem cell subgroups.ConclusionsThe hub genes, Notch1, Tpm1 and Sfrp1, and their associated signaling pathways such as Notch and Wnt signaling and functions in key cell subsets highlight prospective therapeutic strategies to enhance skin growth under mechanical expansion. Moreover, mast cell activation and infiltration may trigger immune responses in the expanded skin, which requires further investigation.
Re-exposition to ipilimumab plus nivolumab in metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma
Authors: Glutsch Valerie , Schummer Patrick , Goebeler Matthias , Gesierich Anja , Schilling Bastian 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundMerkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare but highly aggressive cutaneous malignancy. Immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) with PD-(L)1 blockade has significantly improved treatment outcomes in metastatic disease. In patients with primary resistance to PD-(L)1 inhibition, a high overall response rate (ORR) of 50% to later-line ipilimumab plus nivolumab (IPI/NIVO) has been demonstrated. However, clinical data on patients with progression after an initial response to IPI/NIVO are still lacking.MethodsClinical data of three metastatic MCC patients who were re-exposed to IPI/NIVO after progression were retrospectively evaluated.ResultsTwo of the three patients showed primary resistance to avelumab with progressive disease, while one patient showed complete response (according to RECIST V.1.1). All three patients received combined ICI with IPI/NIVO as subsequent therapy, resulting in an ORR of ∼ 67%. However, all three patients progressed during follow-up and were re-exposed to IPI/NIVO. With a follow-up period ranging from 6.5 to 37.1 months, no PFS event has been detected. ORR for IPI/NIVO re-exposition was equal to that of initial IPI/NIVO treatment.ConclusionIn this retrospective follow-up analysis, we observed a response rate of 67% and long-lasting responses after re-exposition to combined ICI in metastatic MCC patients with progression after initial response or disease control upon their first IPI/NIVO treatment. An important observation from this small analysis is that primary resistance to PD-L1 inhibition may result in a better response to IPI/NIVO.
Influence of smoking and obesity on post-COVID-19 sequelae and risk of hospitalization
Authors: Fernández-Pedruelo Daniel , Juárez-Vela Raúl , Ruiz de Viñaspre-Hernández Regina , Alonso-Alonso Javier , Criado-Gutiérrez José Maríal , Sancho-Sánchez Consuelo 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, has significantly impacted the global healthcare system, with particularly harmful effects on the human respiratory system. Beyond the acute symptoms, there is growing concern about persistent symptoms that last for weeks or months after the initial infection, known as long COVID syndrome. This study focuses on investigating the relationship between smoking, obesity, and the presence of post-COVID-19 sequelae, as well as their influence on the risk of hospitalization.Materials and methodsAn observational and retrospective study was conducted using medical records of patients diagnosed with COVID-19 in Castilla y León, Spain, between November 1 and 30, 2020. The patients were divided into three groups: smoking (current and former), obesity/overweight, and control group. Various variables were analyzed, including age, sex, and the presence of post-COVID-19 sequelae, chronic pathologies, cardiovascular diseases, psychological conditions, and hospitalization. Descriptive statistics and Odds Ratio analysis were used for comparisons.ResultsThe results revealed that obesity was significantly associated with a higher risk of post-COVID-19 sequelae, particularly memory disorders and neurological, mental, or psychological symptoms. In contrast, smoking was correlated with an increase in memory problems but did not show a direct influence on post-COVID-19 sequelae or hospitalization. Additionally, women were found to have a higher prevalence of obesity in the studied population.ConclusionThis study provides evidence that obesity increases the risk of post-COVID-19 sequelae, especially in terms of memory disorders and neuropsychological symptoms. On the other hand, smoking is related to memory problems. Regarding cardiovascular pathologies, there was not enough statistical evidence for analysis, while for hospitalization, it was determined that smoking and obesity do not have a direct influence on these post-COVID consequences.
ISLAND Campus: a fee-free formal university educational intervention in mid- to later-life to reduce modifiable risk factors for dementia and improve cognition
Authors: Roccati Eddy , Kitsos Alex , Bindoff Aidan David , Alty Jane Elizabeth , Bartlett Larissa , Collins Jessica Marie , King Anna Elizabeth , Fair Hannah , Doherty Kathleen , Vickers James Clement 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionPrevious research has tended to focus on early-life education for dementia risk reduction, yet there are great gains for building cognitive reserve in mid- to later-life through educational interventions. ISLAND (Island Study Linking Ageing and Neurodegenerative Disease) Campus offered free university study to all ISLAND participants, with flexible in-person/online learning models to remove educational, socioeconomic and geographical barriers. Here the core hypothesis of ISLAND Campus was investigated: that engagement in later life education leads to improvements in modifiable risk factors for dementia, cognition and blood-based biomarkers.MethodsISLAND Campus participants were matched on age and gender to non-Campus participants via propensity score method, with optimal matching based on logistic regression. Participants completed online surveys on health, demographics, modifiable dementia risk factors via a customized Dementia Risk Profile (DRP) tool and provided blood samples for APOE genotyping and plasma phosphorylated-tau (p-tau). Cognition was measured online via the validated Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery Paired Associates Learning (PAL) and Spatial Working Memory (SWM) tasks. Impact of the opt-in formal educational intervention was tested in R via ANCOVA.ResultsTotal participants were 986 (intervention = 492, control = 492), mean age of 61.2 years, 73.2% female, 11.7 mean years of education and 25.0% APOE e4+. Over 4 years of follow-up, intervention participants significantly improved working memory (SWM) and their risk factor profiles as measured via the DRP (p &lt; 0.001), indicating a significant change towards lower dementia risk. Intervention and control participants were similar on socioeconomic status, location of residence, p-tau and APOE e4 presence, however Campus participants displayed a significantly higher proportion of prior university study completion (76.0%) than controls (60.0%). Intervention participants enrolled in a variety of university degrees, the most common were Diploma of Family History (n = 103, 20.9%), Diploma of Arts (n = 74, 15.0%) and Diploma of Fine Arts (n = 52, 10.5%).DiscussionISLAND Campus has shown how free later-life university education was associated with improvements in modifiable dementia risk factors over time and cognition. Given opt-in intervention participants were significantly more likely to have a prior university education, later life formal educational interventions should be targeted at individuals with lower prior education.