bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Subsidiary liability of a self-regulatory organization in the system of methods for ensuring the fulfillment of obligations
Authors: Filatova U. B. , Kondratiev V. A. 
Published: November 2024

Relevance. Self-regulation is one of the most rapidly developing legal institutions, but its development faces a number of difficulties, both theoretical and practical. The question of the place of self-regulation in the legal system, its classification as an institution of private or public law is debatable. The problem of subsidiary liability of a self-regulatory organization for its members to consumers of goods (works, services) also requires additional attention, in particular the possibility of classifying it as a method of ensuring the fulfillment of an obligation.The purpose is to develop scientifically substantiated provisions on the subsidiary liability of self-regulatory organizations. Research objectives: to determine the legal nature of self-regulation; to identify private law aspects of self-regulation; to characterize the subsidiary liability of SROs and to establish its relationship with the institution of ensuring the fulfillment of obligations. Methodology. The article is based on the methods of analysis, deduction, description, generalization, formal legal, systemic methods. Results. Self-regulation combines both private law principles and public law ones. The private nature of self-regulation is manifested in the voluntary nature of membership, as well as the imposition of civil liability on it for the actions of its members. The public element is that membership (admission) to the SRO gives the right to carry out certain types of activities.The liability of a self-regulatory organization for damages caused by its members is an important tool in protecting the interests of consumers of goods (works, services) and this differs from licensing.The application of subsidiary liability of a self-regulatory organization should cover any adverse property consequences that have arisen for the consumer of goods (works, services) due to improper performance of their obligations by an SRO member.Conclusions. Subsidiary liability of an SRO is a way to ensure the fulfillment of an obligation aimed at creating additional guarantees for the creditor of the proper fulfillment of the obligation at the expense of the property of a third party.
Guidelines for Patient-Centered Documentation in the Era of Open Notes: Qualitative Study
Authors: Vanka Anita , Johnston Katherine T , Delbanco Tom , DesRoches Catherine M , Garcia Annalays , Salmi Liz , Blease Charlotte 
Published: November 2024

Background
Patients in the United States have recently gained federally mandated, free, and ready electronic access to clinicians’ computerized notes in their medical records (“open notes”). This change from longstanding practice can benefit patients in clinically important ways, but studies show some patients feel judged or stigmatized by words or phrases embedded in their records. Therefore, it is imperative that clinicians adopt documentation techniques that help both to empower patients and minimize potential harms.

Objective
At a time when open and transparent communication among patients, families, and clinicians can spread more easily throughout medical practice, this inquiry aims to develop informed guidelines for documentation in medical records.

Methods
Through a series of focus groups, preliminary guidelines for documentation language in medical records were developed by health professionals and patients. Using a structured focus group decision guide, we conducted 4 group meetings with different sets of 27 participants: physicians experienced with writing open notes (n=5), patients accustomed to reviewing their notes (n=8), medical student educators (n=7), and resident physicians (n=7). To generate themes, we used an iterative coding process. First-order codes were grouped into second-order themes based on the commonality of meanings.

Results
The participants identified 10 important guidelines as a preliminary framework for developing notes sensitive to patients’ needs.

Conclusions
The process identified 10 discrete themes that can help clinicians use and spread patient-centered documentation.
Performance of ChatGPT-4o on the Japanese Medical Licensing Examination: Evalution of Accuracy in Text-Only and Image-Based Questions
Authors: Miyazaki Yuki , Hata Masahiro , Omori Hisaki , Hirashima Atsuya , Nakagawa Yuta , Eto Mitsuhiro , Takahashi Shun , Ikeda Manabu 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This study evaluated the performance of ChatGPT with GPT-4 Omni (GPT-4o) on the 118th Japanese Medical Licensing Examination. The study focused on both text-only and image-based questions. The model demonstrated a high level of accuracy overall, with no significant difference in performance between text-only and image-based questions. Common errors included clinical judgment mistakes and prioritization issues, underscoring the need for further improvement in the integration of artificial intelligence into medical education and practice.
Using Structured Codes and Free-Text Notes to Measure Information Complementarity in Electronic Health Records: Feasibility and Validation Study
Authors: Seinen Tom M , Kors Jan A , van Mulligen Erik M , Rijnbeek Peter R 
Published: November 2024

Background
Electronic health records (EHRs) consist of both structured data (eg, diagnostic codes) and unstructured data (eg, clinical notes). It is commonly believed that unstructured clinical narratives provide more comprehensive information. However, this assumption lacks large-scale validation and direct validation methods.

Objective
This study aims to quantitatively compare the information in structured and unstructured EHR data and directly validate whether unstructured data offers more extensive information across a patient population.

Methods
We analyzed both structured and unstructured data from patient records and visits in a large Dutch primary care EHR database between January 2021 and January 2024. Clinical concepts were identified from free-text notes using an extraction framework tailored for Dutch and compared with concepts from structured data. Concept embeddings were generated to measure semantic similarity between structured and extracted concepts through cosine similarity. A similarity threshold was systematically determined via annotated matches and minimized weighted Gini impurity. We then quantified the concept overlap between structured and unstructured data across various concept domains and patient populations.

Results
In a population of 1.8 million patients, only 13% of extracted concepts from patient records and 7% from individual visits had similar structured counterparts. Conversely, 42% of structured concepts in records and 25% in visits had similar matches in unstructured data. Condition concepts had the highest overlap, followed by measurements and drug concepts. Subpopulation visits, such as those with chronic conditions or psychological disorders, showed different proportions of data overlap, indicating varied reliance on structured versus unstructured data across clinical contexts.

Conclusions
Our study demonstrates the feasibility of quantifying the information difference between structured and unstructured data, showing that the unstructured data provides important additional information in the studied database and populations. The annotated concept matches are made publicly available for the clinical natural language processing community. Despite some limitations, our proposed methodology proves versatile, and its application can lead to more robust and insightful observational clinical research.
Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench var. bioguma) Cookies (SoKis): Source of Antioxidant and Prebiotic
Authors: Wiryawan Dwiki Maycellino , Ariestanti Catarina Aprilia , Prasetyaningsih Aniek 
Published: November 2024

Sorghum bicolor L. Moench, locally called “cantel,” is an underused local food in Indonesia, which contains resistant starch and has the potential to act as prebiotic. Several studies have also reported the role of its phytochemical compounds as antioxidants. Therefore, this study aims to determine the potential of sorghum as a source of antioxidants and prebiotic in cookies products. Sorghum was dried under various temperatures (40, 55, and 70 °C) for 4 h, ground into flour, and used in cookies production to replace wheat flour (WF) in various ratios of sorghum flour (SF):WF (0:100, 25:75, 50:50, 75:25, 100:0 % (w/w)). Phytochemical compounds were tested using the maceration method and qualitatively by assessing the color change and physical appearance of SF. Antioxidants activity was analyzed using the 1,1-diphenyl-2- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method, while nutritional content was determined with proximate analyses. The total plate count (TPC) method was carried out to assess the growth of Bifidobacterium longum, and organoleptic test (n = 30) was performed using 5 points-hedonic scale. SF with a drying temperature of 55˚C was used as an ingredient for making cookies based on its moisture content (4.24 ± 0.084) and antioxidant activity value (70.77 ± 2.91%). The analysis results showed the presence of flavonoid, alkaloid, tannin, and polyphenol compounds in SF. Cookies with SF:WF ration of 50:50 (w/w) (SoKis) showed the best acceptance based on organoleptic test compared to the other formulation with antioxidant activity of 36.18 ± 2.56%. In addition, soKis contained 2.715% water, 1.425% ash, 24.57% fat, 8.24% protein, 63.05% carbohydrate, 0.255% crude fiber and could support the growth of B. longum with a value of 2.46 × 10 8 CFU/mL. Based on these results, sorghum could be used and developed as a functional food ingredient.
Valor agregado de la formación en inglés en una institución de educación superior en Colombia
Authors: Bedoya Suárez Luz Carolina , Erazo Muñoz Pablo Andrés 
Published: November 2024

El inglés es una lengua internacional relevante para la comunicación intercultural. Su conocimiento genera oportunidades laborales que se traducen en el acceso a un mercado laboral más amplio y a mejores salarios. Conocer el nivel que tienen los estudiantes de educación superior en el inglés y determinar el impacto de la formación que reciben es de gran importancia para el mejoramiento de la pertinencia de los programas académicos. El objetivo general de esta investigación es conocer el valor agregado que tiene la formación en inglés en los programas de pregrado del nivel tecnológico. Para ello se realizó un estudio cuantitativo de tipo longitudinal, en una muestra de 192 estudiantes, que relaciona su nivel de inglés de entrada y salida respecto al género, horas de formación de inglés, jornada y programa académico según los niveles del Marco Común Europeo de Referencia (mcer). Los hallazgos muestran que la formación en inglés dada a los estudiantes aporta un valor significativo en el mejoramiento de sus competencias, con un tamaño del efecto d = 0,476 p<0,001, IC 95% (0,341-0,592). Además, se encontró que existe una relación entre horas de formación, la jornada, el género y los programas con los resultados obtenidos en las pruebas de inglés de los estudiantes. Finalmente, se recomienda que los programas académicos tengan en cuenta el número de horas destinadas a la formación y que futuras investigaciones realicen análisis de acuerdo con el tipo de habilidad: habla, escritura, escucha y lectura.
Pelatihan Hidroponik bagi Ibu-Ibu PKK untuk Menciptakan Kawasan Urban Farming
Authors: Istiqomah Ni'matul , Magistyo Purboyo Priambodo  , Nur Anita Yunikawati  , Wahjoedi  
Published: November 2024

Tahun 2020 merupakan tantangan bagi seluruh masyarakat di dunia. Pandemi Covid-19 saat ini menajdi perhatian dunia. Adanya keadaan pandemic ini menyebabkan berbagai permasalahan di berbagai sektor tidak terkecuali pada sektor sosial dan ekonomi. Dari segi sosial, kegiatan sosial dan interaksi antar warga menjadi terbatas. Sedangkan dari sisi ekonomi, pandemic covid-19 membuat krisis dan menyebabkan penurunan pendapatan masyarakat karena keterbatasan mobilitas pekerja. Tujuan dilaksanakan pengabdian ini adalah, (1) memberikan keterampilan sebagai salah satu upgrade skill dalam bidang penanaman hidroponik di lahan sempit, (2) menumbuhkan aktivitas masyarakat yang terhenti karena adanya wabah covid-19. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah pelatihan dan sosialisasi. Pelatihan dilakukan dengan memberikan contoh praktek langsung kepada warga bagaimana memulai untuk menanam hidroponik dengan peralatan hidroponik pada umumnya yaitu berupa pipa dan peralatan lengkap dan memberikan pelatihan bagaimana menanam hidroponik dengan menggunakan peralatan sehari-hari di sekitar rumah. Subjek dalam kegiatan ini adalah ibu-ibu PKK Kelurahan Kauman Kota Malang sejumlah 35. Kegiatan sosialisasi dilakukan dengan memberikan pelatihan kepada warga untuk bertanam hidroponik. Selain itu, memberikan gambaran kepada masyarakat tentang pentingnya bertanam di tengah perkotaan untuk menciptakan Kawasan urban farming. Implikasi dalam kegiatan ini adalah peningkatan pengetahuan dan keterampilan dalam bertana hidroponik.
Peningkatan Manajemen Pemeliharaan Ternak dengan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat melalui Pelatihan Pembuatan Rekording Ternak
Authors: Luju Maria Tarsisia , Bollyn Yohana Maria Febrizky , Rinca Korbinianus Feribertus 
Published: November 2024

Kegiatan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat melalui Pelatihan Pembuatan Rekording merupakan upaya program studi Peternakan menjawab permasalahan yang dihadapi para peternak. Rekording memiliki peran yang sangat penting dalam suatu usaha peternakan. Namun, masih banyak masyarakat peternak yang belum menyadari dan mengetahui betapa pentingnya melalukan rekording ketika menjalankan suatu usaha peternakan. Rekording tidak selalu dilakukan hanya untuk peternakan dengan skala atau jumlah ternak yang besar. Hal ini menjadi penting karena melalui rekording kita dapat menganalisis perkembangan ternak, meskipun perkembangan itu sangat sederhana. Sehingga dapat meningkatkan dan mengembangkan kualitas manajemen pemeliharaan yang lebih baik. Kurangnya pengetahuan para peternak mengenai tata kelola rekaman atau rekording ternak menyebabkan kurang maksimalnya produktivitas ternak. Metode penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan model pemberdayaan melalui tahapan kegiatan tahap survei awal, tahap persiapan dan tahap pelaksanaan. Subejk yang terlibat dalam penelitian ini adalah masyarakat peternak babi. Berdasarkan masalah tersebut, dilakukan pemberdayaan melalui sosialisasi mengenai rekording dan pelatihan pembuatan kartu rekording pada ternak. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membantu peningkatan pengetahuan dan kemampuan peternak dalam manajemen pemeliharaan ternak babi melalui pembuatan kartu recording ternak. Hasil kegiatan ini menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pengetahuan dan kemampuan para peternak dalam membuat kartu rekording ternak. Implikasi penelitian ini adalah peternak lokal dapat meningkatkan kemampuan dan pengetahuan mereka dalam manajemen data ternak.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA FLASHCARD BERBASIS AUGMENTED REALITY PADA MATERI BANGUN RUANG UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR KOGNITIF SISWA KELAS V SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Dian Ratna Sari  , Hidayanto Erry , Mashfufah Aynin 
Published: November 2024

Pendidikan di Indonesia memasuki era baru, yang ditunjukkan dengan adanya pembaharuan sebagai bentuk usaha pengembangan dalam mencapai perbaikan untuk kualitas yang lebih baik lagi. Pembaharuan menimbulkan tantangan-tantangan baru dalam era society 5.0 dalam bidang pendidikan. Berdasarkan wawancara yang dilakukan terdapat kendala diantaranya siswa kurang memahami konsep, bentuk beserta rumus bangun ruang sehingga proses pembelajaran tidak berjalan dengan baik dan hasil belajar kognitif siswa tidak maksimal. dengan tujuan untuk menghasilkan produk media flashcard berbasis augmented reality sebagai media yang valid, praktis dan efektif untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar kognitif siswa kelas V Sekolah Dasar.Pengembangan media flashcard berbasis augmented relality menggunakan model ADDIE kemudian hasil dari pengembangan media diukur melalui 3 kriteria yaitu valid, praktis dan efektif. Berdasarkan hasil validasi ahli materi memperoleh persentase 79,2% masuk dalam kriteria valid. Kriteria kedua yaitu praktis melalui angket guru dan siswa uji coba kelompok kecil memperoleh persentase 88,7% masuk dalam kriteria sangat praktis dan angket siswa memperoleh persentase 89,5% masuk dalam kriteria sangat praktis. Angket guru dan siswa pada saat uji coba kelompok besar untuk guru memperoleh persentase 91,2 % masuk dalam kriteria sangat praktis dan untuk siswa memperoleh persentase 88,3 % masuk dalam kriteria sangat praktis. Kriteria yang ketiga yaitu efektif. Berdasarkan uji hipotesis diketahui bahwa ada perbedaan sebelum dan sesudah menggunakan media.
Myopia – Risk Factors, Prevalence in Bulgarian Schools, and Prevention
Authors: Vidinova Ch. , Koeva A. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Myopia is a type of clinical refraction, a form of spherical refractive anomaly in which the eye has a relatively stronger refractive power for the corresponding length of the anteroposterior axis. The focus of this optical system is far in front of the retina. Myopia can be congenital or manifest later, most often at school age. It can be stationary or progressive. Progresive myopia is sight-threatening. The article discusses results from a screening program for myopia progression in Bulgarian schools between 2018-2023. The risk factors for myopia development have been outlined, and the ways of prophylaxis have been pointed out.
Immunological Profiles, Oxidative Stress Biomarkers and Plasma Cholinesterase Activities in Patients with Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases Treated in a Clinic in Duhok, Iraq
Authors: Abdullah R. , Mohammad F. , Eassa S. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Aim
The purpose of the present study was to measure the levels of selected plasma biochemical variables among cases of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs), other than rheumatoid arthritis, treated in a clinic in the city of Duhok, Iraq, since such information is scarce in the region.

Materials and Methods
A case-control study on IMIDs patients treated in a clinic in Duhok, Iraq, was performed from February 2022 to June 2023. A total of 29 patients of both genders with IMIDs and 61 healthy controls were recruited at the Duhok Center for Rheumatic Diseases and Medical Rehabilitation, Duhok, Iraq. The laboratory tests conducted on plasma samples from IMIDs patients and healthy controls included measurements of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant status (TAS) and cholinesterase (ChE) activity.

Results
No significant differences were found in gender distribution, age, and body mass index between the IMIDs patients and healthy controls. The majority of patients (69%) received conventional therapy combined with biologic agents, whereas the remaining patients (31%) received only conventional medications. The IMIDs identified among the 29 patients were Behcet’s disease (27.6%), ankylosing spondylitis (24.1%), inflammatory bowel diseases (24.1%), psoriatic arthritis (10.3%), systemic lupus erythematosus (6.9%) and psoriasis (6.9%). Conventional therapy used was mostly azathioprine (44.8%) and methotrexate (17.2%), whereas biological therapy included mostly etanercept (27.6%) and adalimumab (24.1%). The values of CRP, IL-6 and TNF-Į among the IMIDs patients were not significantly different from those of the controls. The oxidative stress biomarker MDA was elevated in IMID patients (2.93 ± 1.106 —mol/L vs. 2.52 ± 0.478) at a p value of 0.064 (though not significant). The TAS level (1.21 ± 0.422 mmol Trolox Equiv./L vs. 1.00 ± 0.338, p = 0.022) and plasma ChE activity (1.18 ± 0.50 ¨ pH/20 min vs. 0.83 ± 0.30, p = 0.001) were significantly higher in IMIDs patients compared to controls.

Conclusions
The data suggest that oxidative stress and changes in plasma ChE activity might be a part of the pathophysiological alterations among IMIDs patients. Therapeutic drug monitoring and its clinical outcome as well as response of IMIDs patients to anti-ChE agents are worth of further in depth exploration and pursuing. They are essential for better diagnosis, treatment, and management of IMIDs.
Centering toric arrangements of maximal rank
Authors: Saini Elia 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The homotopy type of the complement manifold of a complexified toric arrangement has been investigated by d’Antonio and Delucchi in a paper that shows the minimality of such topological space. In this work we associate to a given toric arrangement a matrix that represents the arrangement over the integers. Then, we consider the family of toric arrangements for which this matrix has maximal rank. Our goal is to prove, by means of basic linear algebra arguments, that the complement manifold of the toric arrangements that belong to this family is diffeomorphic to that of centered toric arrangements and thus it is a minimal topological space, too.
Implementation of physiotherapeutic methods utilizing forces and pressures
Authors: Vrdoljak Ivana , Šipraga Tomislav 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The field of physics, particularly medical physics, plays a crucial role in physiotherapy and medicine in general. Forces and pressures are crucial factors that physiotherapists and other healthcare professionals consider when treating patients. In physiotherapy, these forces can aid rehabilitation and pose challenges. This paper explains the principles of manual muscle testing (MMT) and its relation to physics, specifically the use of gravitational force to assess the muscle condition of patients. It also explores the effects of physics on the human body, focusing on fluid circulation and the musculoskeletal system. Additionally, the paper discusses how forces and pressures are integrated into therapeutic exercises while comparing concentric and eccentric movements. The role of buoyancy, hydrostatic pressure, and water viscosity in hydrotherapy is also covered, as well as the use of electromagnetism in specific therapies, such as electrotherapy, magnetotherapy, and laser treatments. The paper aims to highlight the significant impact of physics on cardiopulmonary functions and to raise awareness among physiotherapists and healthcare professionals about the importance of understanding the role of physics in medical interventions. Educating patients about the effect of applied forces and pressures on therapy outcomes is also a topic addressed, which can ultimately help them perform movements correctly and maintain proper posture.
Economic Theory and Artificial Intelligence: A Cross-model Perspective on Labour Market Dynamics
Authors: Krstic Zivko 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This study examines the relationship between labour market changes and artificial intelligence, utilising Romer’s Endogenous growth theory, Schumpeter’s Creative destruction, Solow’s Growth model and Becker’s Human capital theory as theoretical frameworks. The purpose of this research is to clarify the multifaceted impacts of artificial intelligence on economic growth, workforce adjustment and the emergence of novel employment trends, focusing specifically on job losses and gains, wage inequalities, and changing skill requirements. Using a structured literature review methodology, the economic implications of artificial intelligence in the labour market were systematically analysed and synthesised. The results suggest that although artificial intelligence significantly enhances productivity and innovation, it has a complex effect on the labour market, causing employment gains in technologically sophisticated industries and losses in sectors prone to automation. The study emphasises strategic policy interventions and pedagogical reforms that maximise the economic benefits of AI while minimising its disruptive effects on employment. Proponents of such policies argue that by cultivating a workforce that is resilient and capable of adjusting to changes driven by artificial intelligence, they can effectively mitigate inequality and safeguard economic stability.