bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Smoking on MicroRNAs in Significant Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Hajsadeghi Shokoufeh , Iranpour Aida , Mirshafiee Shayan , Nekouian Reza , Mollababaei Maryam , Motevalli Hamed , Ahmadi Seyyed Amir Yasin , Dakkali Mohammad Sedigh 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Given the importance of coronary artery disease (CAD) and the range of cardiovascular disease phenotypes in smokers, as well as the potential genetic and epigenetic factors, we were motivated to explore the impact of smoking on some selected microRNAs associated with significant CAD.

Methods
A total of 60 individuals were selected in four groups including non-smoker without significant CAD (S-A-), non-smokers with significant CAD (S-A+), smokers without significant CAD (S+A-) and smokers with significant CAD (S+A+). Micro-RNA expression was investigated using real-time PCR. General linear model was used to calculate fold change (FC) considering SA- as the reference group.

Results
For mir-34a, down-regulation was observed in S+A- (FC =0.13, P =0.007) and S+A+ (FC =0.23, P =0.036) groups. For mir-126-3p, down-regulation was observed in S-A+ group (FC =0.05, P =0.024). For mir-199, up-regulation was observed for S+A- group (FC =9.38, P =0.007). The only significant interaction between pack-years of smoking and number of significantly narrowed vessels (≥75% stenosis) was for mir-199 which was in favor of down-regulation (P =0.006), while the main effects were in favor of up-regulation (P <0.05).

Conclusion

Mir-34a expression may be affected by smoking, whereas mir-126-3p expression may be affected by atherosclerosis, the most common reason of CAD. The significant down-regulation of mir-199 for the interaction of smoking dose and severity of CAD was a notable finding showing the harmful consequence of this interaction. Further studies are needed for this micro-RNA.
Midkine promotes thyroid cancer cell migration and invasion by activating the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin pathway
Authors: Yuan Li , Zhou Ping , Liu Wengang , Jiang Liqing , Xia Mengwen , Zhao Yongfeng 
Published: November 2024

Objective:
Thyroid cancer (TC) therapy, which is routinely used at present, can improve patients’ survival rates. However, lymph node metastasis results in a higher degree of TC malignancy in patients who experience recurrence and/or death. The elucidation of new mechanisms of TC metastasis can help identify new therapeutic targets. Midkine (MDK) is expressed aberrantly in various cancers. However, the regulatory mechanisms of MDK in TC remain largely unknown. Hence, this study mainly explores the effect and molecular function of MDK in TC.

Material and Methods:
MDK gene expression and protein levels were analyzed using the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis and the Human Protein Atlas online databases. MDK messenger RNA (mRNA) in TC was analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. MDK, phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K), phosphorylated AKT (p-AKT), and phosphorylated mammalian target of rapamycin (p-mTOR) protein in TC were analyzed by Western blotting. Transwell and wound healing assays were performed to evaluate TC cell metastasis.

Results:
MDK mRNA was significantly highly expressed in most patients with TC (P < 0.05). Moreover, MDK gene expression levels correlated with different TC stages. MDK protein was negative in normal tissues and positive in TC tissues. MDK mRNA and protein were significantly highly expressed in TC cells (P < 0.01). Compared with metastasis in the control group, that in the MDK group is significantly suppressed by MDK knockdown (P < 0.001). MDK knockdown also significantly inhibited PI3K, p-AKT, and p-mTOR protein expression in TPC-1 and K1 cells (P < 0.001). The activation of PAmT-P significantly enhanced the PI3K, p-AKT, and p-mTOR protein expression in TPC-1 and K1 cells (P < 0.001) and promoted metastasis (P < 0.001), thereby disrupting the inhibitory effect of the MDK knockdown.

Conclusion:
Our findings confirmed that MDK promotes TC migration and invasion by activating PAmT-P. MDK is a novel molecular target for the treatment of patients with metastatic TC.
Perspectives on Quality of Life in Women with Breast Cancer
Authors: Manrique-Hernandez Edgar Fabian , Ballesteros Goes Esther , Hoyos Madera Kendrys , Bermon Anderson , Hurtado-Ortiz Alexandra , Licht-Ardila Maricel , Nieves-Cuervo Giselly Mayerly 
Published: November 2024

Objectives:
The objectives of the study are to assess changes in the quality of life amongst breast cancer patients undergoing treatment at a cancer institute in Colombia.

Materials and Methods:
Analytical observational prospective cohort study in patients over 18 years of age diagnosed with breast cancer. Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) was analysed using the EQ-5D-3L questionnaire and a Visual Analogue Scale measured at diagnosis and after a 6-month follow-up. Sociodemographic and clinical factors were analysed using a logistic regression model, with STATA 16 software.

Results:
A total of 103 patients met the included criteria and were included in the study, with a median age of 56 years. According to the Tumour, Node, Metastasis classification of cancer stage, the majority of participants (35.92%) were in stage 2 of cancer. Multivariate analysis revealed that changes in HRQoL were significantly associated with age (odds ratio [OR] = 1.06, P = 0.001), radiotherapy (OR = 3.56, P = 0.038) and moderate anxiety and depression (OR = 5.54, P = 0.007).

Conclusion:
While the overall quality of life in women with breast cancer showed a slight improvement over the 6 months, older patients and those receiving radiotherapy experienced a greater decline in health perception.
A NEW LASER SYSTEM WITH AUTOMATED CONTROL OF COAGULATION DEPTH: TOWARDS THE QUESTION OF COMPARABILITY OF BRIGHTNESS AND DEPTH OF LASER BURNS
Authors: Suetov A. A. , Boiko E. V. , Izmaylov A. S. , Doktorova T. А. , Ivanov A. А. 
Published: November 2024

Background. The development of laser systems with automated control of retinal coagulation depth will make it possible to obtain reproducible laser burns of a given brightness on the ocular fundus during treatment. Nevertheless, the problem of correspondence of the brightness of the formed coagulates fixed by video capture to the depth of the formed coagulates in the retinal thickness remains poorly studied.Objective. To study the correspondence between the brightness of the formed burns recorded by video capture and the depth of retinal coagulation during dose-dependent laser photocoagulation using an automated laser system based on the feedback principle.Materials and methods. A prototype of an automated system for laser photocoagulation of the retina, consisting of a 0.81 µm diode laser and a video capture module integrated into the optical system of the slit lamp, as well as software that controls laser exposure using the feedback principle. Studies were performed on rabbit eyes (n=20). At spot diameter 200 µm, power 100, 140, 180, 220, 260 and 300 mW and planned coagulation levels 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 70%, the actual brightness of the obtained coagulates (%), the correspondence between planned and actual coagulate brightness were studied. The depth of coagulation (% of neuroretina thickness) and its correlation with the actual brightness of coagulates were studied at OCT.Results. With a planned brightness of 5-10% (grade 1 according to L’Esperance), the actual brightness of the burns was significantly higher, the depth of coagulation on OCT was 20 to 30% of the retinal thickness. At the planned brightness of 20-40% and 5-70% (grade 2 and 3 according to L’Esperance), the actual burns brightness was not significantly different throughout the power range, and the depth of coagulation by OCT was 35-50% and 80-120%, respectively. The coefficient of variation of actual brightness and coagulation depth did not exceed 15% for the whole range of planned brightness and used power, except for cases of planned brightness of 5-10% and power of 220 mW and more. A significant correlation was found between actual brightness and coagulation depth (R=0.96, p=0.001).Conclusion. During laser coagulation of the retina using a new automated laser system based on the feedback principle, homogeneous laser coagulates are automatically formed, and there is a significant correlation between the depth of neuroretinal coagulation and the brightness of burns recorded by video capture.
DYNAMICS OF MORPHOFUNCTIONAL PARAMETERS OF RESISTANT DIABETIC MACULAR EDEMA AFTER SURGICAL TREATMENT
Authors: Martynov A. O. , Faizrakhmanov R. R. , Pavlovskii O. A. , Daloglanyan A. A. , Lukinykh M. A. 
Published: November 2024

Anti-angiogenic injections are currently established as the «gold standard» for treating diabetic macular edema (DME). Vitreoretinal surgery is indicated in cases involving an epiretinal membrane or vitreoretinal traction syndrome. Some physicians consider it feasible to perform vitrectomy with the removal of the internal limiting membrane in patients with this condition.The objective of this study is to assess changes in the morphofunctional parameters of the retina in patients with resistant forms of DME who have undergone surgical intervention. At the N.I. Pirogov National Medical and Surgical Center, 75 patients diagnosed with DME unresponsive to conservative therapy (anti-vascular proliferation therapy, retinal laser coagulation) were operated on. All patients were divided into three groups based on the type of intervention.Evaluation of best-corrected visual acuity after surgery revealed a statistically significant improvement in this parameter among patients in the second and third groups compared to those in the first group six months post-operation. Patients in the third group showed a notable reduction in retinal thickness in the foveal area one month after the intervention. A significant decrease in edema was observed in patients from the second and third groups compared to those in the first group over the period from one month to one year. When assessing light sensitivity, a significant improvement in parameters was noted in patients from the second and third groups compared to the data from the first group one week after the surgery.The results confirm the high effectiveness of vitreoretinal surgical intervention in patients with resistant diabetic macular edema, affirming the possibility of selecting a surgical approach.
FEATURES OF DIAGNOSTICS AND CHOICE OF TREATMENT TACTICS FOR INTRAOCULAR SCHWANNOMA
Authors: Tsyganova T. A. , Skorokhvatova E. V. , Denisenko A. N. 
Published: November 2024

Rationale: Uveal tract schwannomas are extremely rare tumors that can mimic choroidal melanoma, which makes diagnosis and treatment tactics difficult. Despite the fact that this is a benign tumor, if untimely treatment is not provided, it can reach the degree of melanoma differentiation and have extraocular growth, which changes the vital prognosis.Objective: To present a clinical case of choroidal schwannoma, analyze the features of diagnosis and choice of treatment tactics.Methods: Diagnostics and examinations were performed at the State Budgetary Healthcare Institution of the Nizhny Novgorod Region “City Hospital No. 35 of the Sovetsky District” of Nizhny Novgorod and included: examination of the fundus under conditions of drug-induced mydriasis, B-scanning, histological and IHC studies of the enucleated eyeball.Results: According to the results of the morphological study, a rare tumor of the uveal tract, namely schwannoma, was obtained, which was subsequently confirmed by the performed IHC study.Conclusion: Despite the benign nature of the tumor, its tendency to imitate uveal melanoma and the peculiarities of the clinical course (a high percentage of relapses after non-radical surgical treatment, frequent extraocular growth, pain syndrome developing due to the size and inevitable loss of visual functions), enucleation is a relevant method of surgical treatment as a treatment tactic, since all organ-preserving interventions lead to continued tumor growth.
NEW APPROACHES TO CROSSLINKING IN COMBINATION WITH REFRACTIVE KERATOMODELING IN CORNEAL ECTASIA
Authors: Kornilovskiy I. M. 
Published: November 2024

Objective: To consider new approaches to crosslinking in combination with refractive keratomodeling in corneal ectasia of various etiologies.Methods: The work is based on clinical observations of the immediate and remote results of prophylactic and therapeutic corneal crosslinking with argon-fluorine excimer laser radiation (over 700 operations) over periods from 1 month to 13 years. Particular emphasis was placed on the formation of a Bowman-like membrane structure on the ablation surface and local exposure with a personalized gradient refractive profile of the total dose of radiation to achieve a greater keratomodeling effect. Rapid transition without additional calibrations to energy densities below the ablation threshold was carried out on the Russian excimer laser “Microscan Visum-500”.Results: Experimental and clinical studies have shown that excimer laser radiation on argon-fluorine can be used for corneal crosslinking, with energy densities in the pulse being below the ablation threshold. The advantage of excimer laser crosslinking was scanning with a narrow beam, which disrupts the oxygenation of the corneal stroma to a lesser extent and allows for the implementation of personalized local refractive keratomodeling based on keratotopography or aberrometry data. In this case, the induced secondary radiation covers all four peaks of maximum absorption by riboflavin. The use of subablative energy densities during irradiation of the cornea in the personalized PRK mode made it possible to locally affect the ectasia zone and enhance the refractive effect due to the gradient distribution of the total radiation dose.Conclusion: Radiation from an argon-fluorine excimer laser opens up new possibilities for refractive ablative and non-ablative refractive keratomodeling of the cornea in combination with laser-induced crosslinking in keratoconus and secondary keratoectasias of various etiologies.
Epidemiology of invasive meningococcal disease, Japan, 2013 to 2023
Authors: Kobayashi Miho , Kamiya Hajime , Fukusumi Munehisa , Takahashi Hideyuki , Akeda Yukihiro , Suzuki Motoi , Sunagawa Tomimasa 
Published: November 2024

Background
The National Surveillance for Invasive Meningococcal Disease (IMD) initiative started in Japan in April 2013. Multiple international mass gathering events have since been held in Japan, and the COVID-19 pandemic has occurred.

Aim
We summarised 10 years of national surveillance data for IMD in Japan to describe epidemiological characteristics of IMD and evaluate the influence of mass gatherings and the COVID-19 pandemic on IMD.

Methods
Upon diagnosis of IMD, patient information and specimens were collected and reported to local health centres. We analysed the epidemiology of IMD cases reported between 1 April 2013 and 31 March 2023.

Results
Among 274 cases reported (median age: 55 years; 55% male), no outbreaks related to mass gathering events were identified. The annual reported incidence of IMD was 0.001–0.039 cases per 100,000 individuals between 2014 and 2022, with a notable decrease after 2020. The overall case fatality rate was 12% (33/274). The most frequent serogroups were Y and B (46 and 17%). Multilocus sequence typing revealed a predominance of clonal complex (cc) 23, followed by cc2057, while cc11 was detected in eight cases.

Conclusion
The reported incidence of IMD in Japan is low compared with high-endemic countries and decreased further during the COVID-19 pandemic. This unique epidemiology of IMD in Japan lacks a clear explanation. However, distribution of meningococcal strains, such as predominance of serogroup Y, could be a contributing factor. Maintaining high-quality surveillance, including of serogroups and sequence types, is crucial to manage and prevent future IMD cases in Japan effectively.
Antibiotic consumption patterns in older adults: a comparative study of people 65 years and older in and outside nursing homes, Belgium, 2016 to 2022
Authors: Kelly Moira , de Falleur Marc , Allaoui El Maati , Bonacini Laura , Catry Boudewijn , Latour Katrien , Catteau Lucy 
Published: November 2024

Background
Inappropriate antimicrobial consumption (AMC) drives the emergence of antimicrobial resistance. Institutionalised, older populations are associated with antimicrobial treatments of longer duration and broader spectrum than recommended, higher rates of multidrug-resistant infections and poorer outcomes for resistant infections. Yet systematic, national monitoring of AMC in nursing home (NH) residents is lacking.

Aim
To perform a retrospective analysis of antibiotic consumption in Belgian NHs, we compared analogous populations inside and outside NHs. We aimed to provide a blueprint for establishing surveillance of NH AMC, based on national reimbursement data.

Methods
The National Institute for Health and Disability Insurance supplied reimbursement AMC data for outpatients from 2016 to 2022. Data were classified by the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical system, expressed as defined daily doses (DDD) and aggregated by prescription month, patient age, sex and residency inside/outside a NH. The number of ensured beneficiaries, aggregated by the same demographic variables, was collected from the Intermutualistic Agency. We compared the DDDs per 1,000 beneficiaries per day, along with secondary metrics for national and international targets for analogous populations inside and outside NHs.

Results
Total antibiotic consumption decreased in both populations but remained twofold higher in NH residents. Proxy prescription quality metrics were consistently less favourable within NHs and diverged further during the COVID-19 pandemic. Distinct consumption patterns and greater seasonal fluctuations were observed in NH residents.

Conclusion
Given the different infection risks and higher antibiotic consumption of NH residents, AMC surveillance and antimicrobial stewardship efforts targeting this fragile population are needed.
Analysis of Rhodamine B Content in Eyeshadow Cosmetic Preparations with UV-Vis Spectrophotometer and Butterfly Pea Flower (Clitoria ternatea L.) Extract
Authors: Berliyanti Adella Eka 
Published: November 2024

In the modern era, maintaining a good appearance is crucial. Many people are out there vying for the most outstanding looks. Many are also eager to spend money to improve their appearance, such as by undergoing various treatments and purchasing numerous cosmetic preparations. One type of cosmetics most often used by people is eyeshadow. As a decorative cosmetic, of course, eyeshadow has colouring content. However, Rhodamine B is still misused, a dangerous dye in eye shadow preparations, because most eye shadow palettes have a red base colour. As a result, the author recognizes the importance of researching to differentiate eyeshadow cosmetics containing Rhodamine B from those that do not, using natural ingredient indicators, given Indonesia's abundance of biodiversity. Rhodamine B may be detected using anthocyanins, natural pigments in various plants; one is butterfly pea flowers. The results of visual observations of the reaction of butterfly pea flower extract and cosmetic samples will then be confirmed using a UV-Vis Spectrophotometer. The qualitative analysis revealed that all eyeshadow samples tested positive for Rhodamine B, as shown by the colour change in the butterfly pea flower extract from blue to purple to pink. The quantitative examination revealed that Rhodamine B concentrations in five samples ranged from 0.419 mg/L to 15.891 mg/L. According to BPOM, cosmetic products should not include Rhodamine B (≤ 0 mg/L).
Nitric Oxide Levels in Primary Hypertension Patients Receiving Wet Cupping Therapy
Authors: Nurhayani Nurhayani , Pudjanarko Dwi , Nurahmi Nurahmi , Misriyani Misriyani 
Published: November 2024

Wet cupping has been shown in several studies to lower blood pressure in hypertensive patients. However, the mechanism of action remains unknown, limiting its use as a complementary non-pharmacological treatment. This study aims to examine the effect of wet cupping on systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and nitric oxide levels in hypertensive patients. The study employed a quasi-experimental method with a pretest and post-test design, including a control group. The sample consisted of 40 individuals, they were diagnosed with primary grade I hypertension. The participants were divided into two groups (treatment and control). The intervention group received wet cupping therapy twice, at a 28-day interval, while continuing their antihypertensive medication. The control group only consumed antihypertensive medication. The study revealed a significant decrease in systolic and diastolic blood pressure but no significant increase in nitric oxide levels. After the intervention, the systolic blood pressure in the intervention group decreased by 17.69 mmHg (p=0.010), compared to a decrease of 5.87 mmHg (p=0,108) in the control group, with a difference of (p=0.010). The diastolic blood pressure in the treatment group decreased by 11.56 mmHg (p=0.000), compared to a decrease of 0.73 mmHg (p-0.570) in the control group, with a difference of (p=0.001). The nitric oxide levels in the intervention group increased by 2.5 µmol/L (p=0.530), compared to a decrease of 0.47 µmol/L (p=0.116), in the control group, with a difference of (p=0.539). It can be concluded that wet cupping therapy reduces systolic and diastolic blood pressure but does not significantly increase nitric oxide levels in the blood of hypertensive patients.
An Analysis of the Implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum in Inclusive Schools in East Lombok Regency
Authors: Karomi  , Murah  , Syahidallah  , Junayanti Maryana 
Published: November 2024

This research aims to analyse the implementation of the Merdeka curriculum in inclusive schools in East Lombok Regency. Considering the large number of people with disabilities in this area, this research explores the challenges faced by teachers in interactions with students, understanding the curriculum, as well as available resources. Qualitative descriptive research method was used, with data obtained through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of research on the implementation of the Merdeka curriculum in inclusive schools in East Lombok show a significant positive impact on the development of inclusive students, especially in the aspects of communication, motor, cognitive, and independent ability. This success was influenced by the teacher's understanding in implementing differentiated learning and support from special inclusion teachers. However, there are still challenges, such as limited resources and training, as well as a learning culture that is not yet inclusive. To increase the implementation of the Merdeka curriculum in inclusive schools, ongoing training, development of individual learning plans, and improvement of facilities are needed. Supports from the government, schools, and community are critical to long-term success. It is hoped that this research can contribute to the development of a sustainable and responsive inclusive education environment in East Lombok.