bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disagreeing Evaluations for Slug Tests in Monitoring Wells: Importance of Standards
Authors: Chapuis Robert P. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Hundreds of variable-head permeability (slug) tests were carried out in monitoring wells to assess the hydraulic conductivity, K, of an unconfined sand-and-gravel aquifer and, after that, the migration of contaminants. The pollution case has generated a legal dispute about the loss of many water supply wells and major health issues. The experts for the defendants had analyzed the slug test data with methods that differ from the standards. For the legal issues, the author reanalyzed all test data and made all verifications as required by standards. The new K values were about three times higher than the initial values obtained without respect to the standards, a major difference. The divergence was solved by studying the statistical distributions of K values. The initial values were too low to explain the high K values obtained with pumping tests, but the new K values correctly explained them. The new K values predicted groundwater velocity values at least three times higher than the initial values predicted with K values obtained without following the standards. These higher velocities were confirmed by field tracer tests performed by independent companies that designed and operated field pilot tests for decontaminating groundwater. The capacity to reconcile medium-scale tests (slug tests in monitoring wells) and large-scale tests (pumping tests in large wells) forms new evidence that strengthens the reasons for why it is important to follow the standards and make the required verifications.
Analysis of Vertical Piles Embedded in Organic Soil under Oblique Pull-Out Load
Authors: Hamed Majid , Canakci Hanifi , Nasr Ahmed 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Experiments regarding single model piles embedded in organic soil were conducted to determine the effect of pile type and soil density on ultimate pile oblique pull-out loads. Wood, steel, and smooth as well as rough concrete piles with diameters of 20 mm and embedment lengths of 200, 400, and 600 mm (length-to-diameter ratio L/D of 10, 20, and 30) were examined. The pull load was applied at an inclination of 0°, 30°, 60°, and 90° to the vertical axis of the pile. For each inclination angle, ultimate pull-out capacity was determined from load-displacement curves. Test results indicate that ultimate pull-out capacity increased with an increase in L/D ratio. While there was an increase in the pull-out load resistance of wood, steel, and smooth concrete piles when the angle of load inclination increased, there was a decrease in the pull-out load resistance of rough concrete piles when the load inclination angle exceeded 30°. Moreover, ultimate load capacity decreased when soil density decreased. Lateral pull-out capacity exceeded the axial uplift capacity of the steel, wood, and smooth concrete piles, and there was a slight increase in the ultimate load capacity of the rough concrete pile. The ultimate resistance of the piles was calculated theoretically via a semiempirical method and compared with test results. A comparison of the measured and predicted values indicated reasonable agreement pertaining to rough concrete piles and a disconnect regarding the other piles.
Revisiting the Temperature Gradient Method
Authors: Hernández-Morales B. , Cruces-Reséndez R. , Téllez-Martínez J. S. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractCooling curve analysis has emerged as a preferred method to characterize the cooling power of quenching media. This methodology is based on measuring the local cooling curve in a laboratory-scale probe using thermocouples. Several methods have been proposed to analyze cooling curves. Among them, the temperature gradient method (TGM) developed by Professor Liščić uses cooling curves measured at the surface and 1.5 mm below the surface of a cylindrical probe (the Liščić-Nanmac probe) to calculate the surface heat flux during quenching. In this work, we measured the thermal response at a location near the surface of cylindrical probes, fabricated with AISI 304 stainless steel, with two different geometries (conical- and hemispherical-end) during quenching from 850°C with water at 60°C, flowing parallel to the probe’s longitudinal axis. Together with the probe geometry, the experimental matrix included two values of water velocity (0.2 and 0.6 m/s). The data was used to estimate the surface heat flux and thermal response at the probe surface by solving a one-dimensional inverse heat conduction problem (IHCP) without phase change. The TGM was then applied to re-estimate the surface heat flux using the cooling curves at the subsurface (measured) and at the surface (estimated by solving the IHCP). The surface thermal gradient computed solving the IHCP is higher and, therefore, the surface heat flux estimated solving the IHCP is also higher than the value calculated with the TGM. The hemispherical-end probe delays the rupture of the vapor film, producing low values of the surface temperature at the time of maximum heat extraction; this results in extremely high values of the heat-transfer coefficient, which precludes the use of this geometry in conjunction with the TGM. The thermal profiles are parabolic, which restricts the maximum depth at which a subsurface thermocouple may be placed to use the TGM confidently.
Inhibitory Signaling to Ion Channels in Hippocampal Neurons Is Differentially Regulated by Alternative Macromolecular Complexes of RGS7
Authors: Ostrovskaya Olga I. , Orlandi Cesare , Fajardo-Serrano Ana , Young Samuel M. , Lujan Rafael , Martemyanov Kirill A. 
Published: October 2018

The neuromodulatory effects of GABA on pyramidal neurons are mediated by GABABreceptors (GABABRs) that signal via a conserved G-protein-coupled pathway. Two prominent effectors regulated by GABABRs include G-protein inwardly rectifying K+(GIRK) and P/Q/N type voltage-gated Ca2+(CaV2) ion channels that control excitability and synaptic output of these neurons, respectively. Regulator of G-protein signaling 7 (RGS7) has been shown to control GABABeffects, yet the specificity of its impacts on effector channels and underlying molecular mechanisms is poorly understood. In this study, we show that hippocampal RGS7 forms two distinct complexes with alternative subunit configuration bound to either membrane protein R7BP (RGS7 binding protein) or orphan receptor GPR158. Quantitative biochemical experiments show that both complexes account for targeting nearly the entire pool of RGS7 to the plasma membrane. We analyzed the effect of genetic elimination in mice of both sexes and overexpression of various components of RGS7 complex by patch-clamp electrophysiology in cultured neurons and brain slices. We report that RGS7 prominently regulates GABABR signaling to CaV2, in addition to its known involvement in modulating GIRK. Strikingly, only complexes containing R7BP, but not GPR158, accelerated the kinetics of both GIRK and CaV2 modulation by GABABRs. In contrast, GPR158 overexpression exerted the opposite effect and inhibited RGS7-assisted temporal modulation of GIRK and CaV2 by GABA. Collectively, our data reveal mechanisms by which distinctly composed macromolecular complexes modulate the activity of key ion channels that mediate the inhibitory effects of GABA on hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThis study identifies the contributions of distinct macromolecular complexes containing a major G-protein regulator to controlling key ion channel function in hippocampal neurons with implications for understanding molecular mechanisms underlying synaptic plasticity, learning, and memory.
Treupflichten beim grenzüberschreitenden Konsortialkredit
Authors: Renner Moritz 
Published: October 2018

Zusammenfassung
Welche ungeschriebenen Treupflichten bestehen zwischen den Mitgliedern eines Kreditgeber-Konsortiums? Wie vertragen sich derartige Treupflichten mit den im internationalen Konsortialkreditgeschäft üblichen Musterverträgen? Der Beitrag untersucht diese Fragen mit Blick auf das englische und das deutsche Recht. Er vertritt die These, dass für eine richterliche Vertragsergänzung durch ungeschriebe Treupflichten bei branchenweit akzeptierten Musterverträgen kein Raum bleibt.
The impact of self-control cues on subsequent monetary risk-taking
Authors: Brevers Damien , Foucart Jennifer , Turel Ofir , Bertrand Anais , Alaerts Mikael , Verbanck Paul , Kornreich Charles , Bechara Antoine 
Published: October 2018

Background and aimsThe “process-model” of self-control proposes that the ego-depletion effect is better explained by a switch between interest in “have-to” labor and cognitive “want-to” leisure, rather than being mainly due to a decrease in cognitive resources, as advanced by the “strength-model” of self-control. However, it is currently difficult to disentangle the “process-model” from the “strength-model” of self-control. Here, we employed a stepwise approach, featuring three studies, for testing the process model of self-control.MethodsIn Study 1, we created a list of 30 self-control events for characterizing “have-to” conducts in the daily life. In Study 2, mental visualization of effortful self-control events (“have-to”) and monetary risk-taking (“want-to”) were employed for testing the strength-model of self-control. In Study 3, to test the process-model of self-control, participants were simply required to read self-control (or neutral) sentences.ResultsStudy 1 provided evidence regarding external validly for the list of self-control events. Study 2 showed that mental visualization of effortful self-control events increases subsequent monetary risk-taking. Study 3 highlighted that the brief apparition of a self-control-related sentence was sufficient for increasing risk-taking. These patterns were evidenced in the trial with the less advantageous gain/loss ratio.DiscussionAltogether these findings support the process-model of self-control in showing that triggering the semantic content of a “have-to” conduct, without its actual execution, is sufficient for modulating subsequent “want-to” activity.ConclusionThese findings could contribute to advancing current knowledge on how the high availability of ready-to-consume rewards in modern environments is redefining humans’ self-control ability.
PALEOANTROPOLOJİ ALANINDA GÜNCEL GELİŞMELER
Authors: GÖKSAL Nevin , YILMAZ Hakan , ÖZBULUT Zehra 
Published: October 2018

Son
yıllarda yapılan keşifler ve analizler atalarımızın evrimi hakkında şimdiye
kadar bildiğimiz her şeyin yanlış olabileceğini gösterir niteliktedir.
Çalışmamızda, 2015-2017 yılları arasında "Nature" ve
"Science" gibi önemli bilimsel dergilerde yayınlanan makaleler
derlenerek, insan evrimiyle ilgili yeni tarihlendirmeler, erken modern insan
kalıntıları üzerinde yapılmış analizler ve fosil primat kalıntılarından arkaik
insan türlerine kadar yeni teoriler ele alınmıştır. İnsan evriminde soyut
düşüncenin somut imgelere dönüştüğü mağara resimlerinden, ilk tarım
toplumlarının yeni tarihlendirmelerine kadar sunulmuş çalışmalar da göz önüne
alınmış ve değerlendirilmiştir.
Australopithecus türlerinden erken Homo kalıntılarına, Neandertallerden
Denisovalılara, erken modern insandan modern insana kadar yayınlanmış makaleler
bir araya getirilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın paleoantropolojiyle uğraşan/ilgilenen
bilim insanları ve öğrenciler için de yararlı bir kaynak olabileceği
öngörülmüştür.
PENGARUH MORFOLOGI KOTA TERHADAP EKOLOGI PERKAMPUNGAN TRADISIONAL DI KOTA BANDA ACEH, INDONESIA
Authors: Wulandari Elysa , Aulia Fahmi 
Published: October 2018

Sejarah kota Banda Aceh berkembang dari kumpulan perkampungan tradisional yang unik secara ekologi, salah satunya Gampong Lamseupeung sebagai kampung tepi sungai. Ketika bencana tsunami 2004 merusak kota, kampung tersebut tidak terkena, tapi mengalami dampak ketika kota Banda Aceh dirancang kembali dengan pendekatan kebencanaan, yang mengembangkan infrastruktur jalan evakuasi melintasi beberapa perkampungan tradisional. Hal ini menyebabkan perubahan fisikal kampung tradisional, dan karakter masyarakat setempat. Tulisan ini mengkaji perubahan ekologi perkampungan tradisional tepi sungai sebagai akibat morfologi kota Banda Aceh. Kajian ini dianggap penting karena sejalan dengan Agenda pembangunan dunia tahun 2015 hingga 2030, melihat bagaimana pembangunan perkotaan yang inklusif, aman, berketahanan dan berkelanjutan, dan memperhatikan karakter masyarakat lokal. Pendekatan penelitian secara fenomenologi melihat rekam jejak perubahan fisik kampung dengan metoda kualitatif diskriptif, terkait dua hal, yaitu: i) aspek struktur lingkungan perkampungannya dan sumber daya kampung; ii) aspek dinamika kehidupan sosial budaya dan ekonomi masyarakat. Hasil penelitian tampak perubahan pola, orientasi dan pergeseran kepadatan kampung ke arah jalan arteri dan perubahan masyarakat berkarakter urban. Hal ini memperlemah ikatan budaya pada lahan dan ikatan sosial budaya masyarakat. Kesimpulan penelitian menunjukkan, keberadaan perkampungan tradisional perlu dipertimbangkan dalam pembangunan kota modern untuk kota kecil-sedang. Pada dasarnya mereka yang membentuk karakter khusus suatu kota.
Diz artroskopisi ve inguinal herni cerrahisinde ünilateral ve bilateral spinal anestezi uygulamalarında QTc değişikliklerinin karşılaştırılması
Authors: TÜRK Fatoş İpek , ŞİMŞEK Tuncer , ERBAŞ Mesut 
Published: October 2018

Amaç: Kardiyovasküler sistem üzerine etkileri ve düzeltilmiş QT değeri (QTc)
değişiklikleri açısından ünilateral ve bilateral spinal anestezi yöntemlerinin
hasta grupları üzerinde karşılaştırılması amaçlandı.

Gereç ve Yöntem:
Artroskopi ve inguinal herni cerrahilerinde
toplamda 40 hastaya rastgele geliş sırasına göre bilateral ve ünilateral spinal
anestezi uygulandı. Lokal anesteziğin intratekal olarak verilmesi sonrasındaki
1, 3, 5, ve 15. dakikalarda ve ardından cerrahi başladığından itibaren 1, 3, 5,
15.dk ve ardışık gelen 10 dakikalık sürelerde 30 saniye süren holter EKG kaydı
alındı. Hastaların hemodinamik parametreleri kaydedildi. Düzeltilmiş QT
değerleri hesaplandı.

Bulgular: Kalp atım hızları 25. dakikada ve 35. dakikada bilateral spinal grupta
daha fazla olup gruplar karşılaştırıldığında anlamlı fark saptandı (p=0,046;
p=0,021). QTc değerlerinin, spinal anestezi ve cerrahi süre ölçümlerinde her
iki grupta da uzadığı görüldü. Bazzet’e göre QTc değerlerinin spinal
anestezinin 1., 3., 5. ve 15. dakikasında ve cerrahi süresinin 1., 3., 5., 15.,
25. ve 35. dakikasında bilateral grupta ünilateral gruba göre istatistiksel
anlamlı daha uzun olduğu tespit edildi (p&lt;0,05).

Sonuç: Ünilateral spinal anestezinin QTc uzamasına bağlı
kardiyovasküler komplikasyonları önleme açısından bilateral spinal anesteziye
göre daha üstün bir yöntem olduğu değerlendirilmektedir..
Posterior mediasten yerleşimli nörojenik tümörlerde spinal kanal invazyon insidansı ve cerrahi yaklaşımı
Authors: KANBUR METİN Serda , EVMAN Serdar 
Published: October 2018

Amaç: Posterior mediastinal nörojenik tümörlerin yaklaşık %10’u spinal kanala
invazedir. İnvaze tümörlerin tek seansta güvenli bir şekilde spinal ve torasik
komponentinin birlikte çıkarılması gerekir. Bu lokalizasyondaki tümörlerin
spinal kanal invazyonunun olup olmadığının direkt ve indirekt bulguları,
ameliyat öncesi çektirilen bilgisayarlı tomografi (BT) ve manyetik rezonans
görüntülemesi (MRI) ile detaylı olarak değerlendirilmelidir. Çalışmamızda,
kliniğimizde opere ettiğimiz bu tür tümörlerdeki tanı ve yaklaşımımızın
sunulması amaçlanmıştır.Gereç ve Yöntem: Nörojenik tümör nedeni
ile opere ettiğimiz tüm hastaların klinik bilgileri retrospektif olarak analiz
edildi. Bulgular: Çalışmaya aldığımız 35 hastanın
19’u erkek 16’sı kadındı ve yaş ortalaması 40 yıldı (dağılım: 19-71). Hastaların
sadece 5’inde (%14) operasyon öncesi semptom mevcuttu. Tümör boyutları 2,1 cm ile 17 cm arasında (ortanca 6,2)
idi. Hastaların 7’sinde (%20) radyolojik olarak spinal kanal invazyonu olduğu
belirtildi. Laminektomi gerektiren dumbbell
tipteki 6 hasta ile birlikte hepsi komplet olarak rezeke edildi. İnvazyon
gösteren vakalardaki lezyonlar beyin ve sinir cerrahi uzmanı ile birlikte
yapıldı. Ortalama takip süresi 48 ay (3 ila 72 ay) idi. Bir hastada ameliyat
sırasında tamir edilen serebrospinal sıvı kaçağı ile postoperatif kalıcı
olmayan spinal hasar meydana geldi ve 4 ayda düzeldi. Mortalite gözlenmedi.

Sonuç: Ameliyat öncesinde, nörojenik dumbbell tümör teşhis edilmezse, sadece
intratorasik kısmının çıkarılması, kalıcı spinal hasara neden olabilir. Spinal kanalı
incelemek için MRI kritik öneme sahiptir. Preoperatif invazyon tespit
edildiğinde tek seansta sinir cerrahisi ekibi ile birlikte tümörün daha güvenli
rezeksiyonu mümkündür.
Management of acute limb compartment syndrome: A survey of clinical practice among orthopedics and traumatology surgeons in Turkey
Authors: BAŞCI Onur , ACAN Ahmet Emrah , ERDURAN Mehmet 
Published: October 2018

Aim: The
aim is to conduct a survey of currently practising orthopedics and traumatology
surgeons and residents in Turkey regarding their current practice and
perceptions on compartment syndrome management.Materials and Methods: A structured survey was developed for the study. Diagnosis in alert and
unconscious patients, clinical signs of the condition, compartment pressure
measurement, optimal time frame and technique for performing a fasciotomy, and
preventive measures in patients with limb injuries were assessed. Results: Due to the evaluation, most
significant and earliest symptom thought to be pain in 74% and 82.2%
respectively. In diagnostic approach of conscious patients, 59.6% find intense
pain and intense pain with passive stretching sufficient for diagnosis. In
unconscious patients, 22.6% measure intracompartment pressure in every patient
and if high in first measurement, indicates emergent fasciotomy, whereas 59.5%
apply emergent fasciotomy in clinical suspicion without measuring
intracompartment pressure. 89.7% don’t use pressure gauge in case of a
compartment syndrome suspicion. 55.5% have not seen manually constructed
mechanism before. 25.3% participants have sufficient knowledge to construct the
mechanism.

Conclusion: There are controversies in the management of compartment syndrome in
Turkey, development of clinical practice guidelines may encourage best
practice, reduce variations and reduce the incidence of complications.
Validity and Reliability Study of Turkish Version of “Muscle Dysmorphic Disorder Inventory” and “Bodybuilder Image Grid” Scales
Authors: Devrim Asli , Bilgic Pelin 
Published: October 2018

Background:
Although bigorexia symptoms are rapidly increasing, it is mostly an underrecognized
condition in Turkish male bodybuilders. There are no validated screening tools to identify
the symptoms.

Objective:
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the validity of the Turkish version of the MDDI
and the BIG towards the diagnosis of bigorexia and to provide health care professionals with early
screening tools.

Methods:
One hundred twenty male bodybuilders, fifty-eight professional bodybuilders and sixtytwo
recreational bodybuilders, all of whom matched the research criteria, were included in this study.
MDDI and BIG forms were filled by the bodybuilders, along with an “Individual Characteristic Information
Form”, a “Nutrition-related Information Form”, and a “Bodybuilding-related Information
Form”. To evaluate the construct validity, factor analysis was conducted and resulted in a threefactor
construct.

Results:
The factor-loading values ranged from 0.542- 0.827. Calculations of Cronbach’s alpha for
the MDDI sum (α = 0.657) revealed a good internal consistency. The MDDI, BIG O, and BIG S intraclass
correlation coefficients (ICC) were found to be 0.840, 0.908, and 0.879, respectively. As a
result, MDDI had acceptable reliability and that of BIG O and BIG S was excellent.

Discussion:
Turkish MDDI, BIG-O and BIG-S forms proved to be valid and reliable scales and were
adequate for determining the symptoms of bigorexia in male bodybuilders. Using these forms, there
was a statistically significant relationship between bigorexia and eating disorders, which were significantly
positively correlated.

Conclusion:
Our results support the feasibility of using the MDDI, the BIG-O, and the BIG-S forms
to determine symptoms of bigorexia in Turkish population. Further studies are needed to confirm if
this result can be generalized to female bodybuilders.
Nutritional and Medicinal Importance of Dioscorea glabra R. Baron, a Potent Wild Edible Plant Consumed by the Lodha Tribal Community of West Bengal, India
Authors: Chaudhury Sagari , Habibur Rahaman Chowdhury , Singh Harish , Chaudhuri Kausik , Seal Tapan 
Published: October 2018

Objective:
The present study designed to evaluate the proximate composition, minerals
content and in vitro antioxidant properties, in the tuber of Dioscorea glabra R. Baron. The estimation
of phenolic acids, polyphenolics and quantitation of water-soluble vitamins like ascorbic acid (C),
thiamine (B1), riboflavin (B2), niacin (B3), pantothenic acid (B5), pyridoxine (B6) and folic acid
(B9) in the plant were carried out by High Performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method.

Methods:
The proximate parameters, minerals and toxic heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, arsenic
and mercury were estimated in the wild edible plant using standard food analysis techniques. The
HPLC analysis was carried out using Dionex Ultimate 3000 liquid chromatograph attached with Acclaim
C 18 column (5 μm particle size, 250 x 4.6 mm), and photo diode array (PDA) detector.

Results:
The present study showed the presence of a very good amount of protein (4.823±0.041%),
carbohydrate (42.43±0.057%) and minerals and heavy metals in various amount. The total phenolic
and flavonoid content were found 335.64 ± 3.92 mg/100gm and 65.73 mg/100gm, respectively in the
plant. The plant showed the presence of a very good amount of vitamin C (23.49±0.0413 mg/100gm)
along with water-soluble B vitamins ranged between 0.036 to 4.159 mg/100gm. The HPLC analysis
also indicated the presence of phenolic acids and polyphenolics in various amounts in this wild edible
plant.

Conclusion:
The abundance of protein, fat, carbohydrate, minerals, water soluble vitamins and natural
antioxidant components in this plant makes them as a considerable source of nutrition and could
be consumed as a regular diet to the human being.
Computer Aided Detection of Clustered Microcalcification: A Survey
Authors: Kumar M.N. Arun , Kumar M.N. Anil , Sheshadri H.S. 
Published: October 2018

Background:
This paper attempts to pinpoint different techniques for Pectoral Muscle
(PM) segmentation, Microcalcification (MC) detection and classification in digital mammograms.
The segmentation of PM and detection of MC and its classification are mostly based on image
processing and data mining techniques.
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Discussion: The review centered on major techniques in image processing and data mining that is
employed for PM segmentation, MC detection and classification in digital mammograms. Breast
cancer is one of the significant causes of death among women aged above 40. Mammography is
considered the most successful means for prompt and timely detection of breast cancers. One notable
visual indication of the malignant growth is the appearance of Masses, Architectural Distortions,
and Microcalcification Clusters (MCCs). There are some disadvantages and hurdles for mankind
viewers, and it is hard for radiologists to supply both precise and steady assessment for a large
number of mammograms created in extensive screening. Computer Aided Detection has been employed
to help radiologists in detecting MC and MCCs. The automatic recognition of malignant
MCCs could be very helpful for diagnostic purpose. In this paper, we summarize the methods of
automatic detection and classification of MCs in digitized mammograms. Pectoral muscle segmentation
techniques are also summarized.

Conclusion:
The techniques used for segmentation of PM, MC detection and classification in a
digitized mammogram are reviewed.