bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Qualitätsgesicherte Public Health-Maßnahmen: welche Rolle spielen Cochrane und Cochrane Public Health Europe?
Authors: Griebler Ursula , Rehfuess Eva 
Published: September 2019

Zusammenfassung
Cochrane Public Health erstellt systematische Übersichtsarbeiten zu populationsbezogenen Maßnahmen, die sich mit strukturellen und sozialen Einflüssen auf Gesundheit beschäftigen und liefert so eine Basis für evidenzbasierte Entscheidungen im Public Health Bereich. Neben der Unterstützung von Review Prozessen bereitet Cochrane Public Health Europe Ergebnisse neuer Cochrane Public Health Reviews verständlich und auf Deutsch für EntscheidungsträgerInnen und weitere Interessierte auf.
Effect of surfactants on mass transfer coefficients in bubble column contactors: an interpretative critical review study
Authors: Nekoeian Sahand , Aghajani Masoud , Alavi Seyed Mehdi , Sotoudeh Fatemeh 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Since surfactants have been recognized as the most frequently faced contaminants of bubble column-related processes over time, their impact on the mass transfer operation of these columns has become a demanding research interest for two recent decades. Despite the similarities expressing the overall negative and positive influence of these chemicals on mass transfer coefficients and specific interfacial area, respectively, the discrepancies and, sometimes, paradoxical results are still under debate in the literature. To make a more comprehensive recognition of the mentioned subject, the current paper has tried to pave the path by reviewing all the major methods utilized in related research works. Thereafter, an interpretative argumentative comparison of the main findings of relevant studies has also been proposed, enlightening some of the research gaps which can be the potential candidates for future studies.
Third-order nonlinear optical properties of three chlorinated thienyl chalcones derivatives: synthesis, structural determination and Hirshfeld surface analysis
Authors: Ng Weng Zhun , Wong Qin Ai , Chia Tze Shyang , Chidan Kumar C. S. , Kwong Huey Chong , Quah Ching Kheng , Win Yip-Foo , Maidur Shivaraj R. , Patil Parutagouda Shankaragouda 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThree chlorinated theinyl chalcone derivatives, namely (E)-1-(5-chlorothiophen-2-yl)-3-(4-(methylthio)phenyl)prop-2-en-1-one (I), (E)-1-(5-chlorothiophen-2-yl)-3-(4-(dimethylamino)phenyl)prop-2-en-1-one (II) and (E)-1-(5-chlorothiophen-2-yl)-3-(2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-5-yl)prop-2-en-1-one (III), were synthesized and their crystal structures were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. CompoundsI,IIandIIIcrystallize in the monoclinic space groupsP 21/c(centrosymmetric),P 21/n(centrosymmetric) andPc(non-centrosymmetric), respectively. In all three compounds, the molecules are in a relatively planar conformation and adopt atransconfiguration with respect to the C=C double bond. The crystal packings are stabilized by weak hydrogen-bonds, π · · · π, C–H · · · π and C–Cl · · · π interactions. The intermolecular contacts and lattice energies were further analyzed by Hirshfeld surface analysis. The third-order nonlinear optical properties of these chalcone derivatives were investigated using the single beam Z-scan technique with a 5 mW continuous wave diode laser operating at 635 nm, where compoundIshowed the highest potential for optical application with its exclusive nonlinear refractive index and nonlinear susceptibility.
Preferred selenium incorporation and unexpected interlayer bonding in the layered structure of Sb2Te3−

x
Se
x
Authors: Küpers Michael , Stoffel Ralf Peter , Bong Barbara , Herrmann Markus G. , Li Zikang , Meledin Alexander , Mayer Joachim , Friese Karen , Dronskowski Richard 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
We have performed a detailed structural analysis of several crystals from the Sb2Te3
−

x
Se
x
solid solution (with x = 0–1.55) using a combination of single-crystal and powder X-ray diffraction and high-resolution scanning transmission electron microscope imaging combined with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopic mapping. The experimental study was supported by quantum-chemical calculations. All compounds crystallize in the rhombohedral tetradymite structure type in which the atoms occupy three symmetrically independent crystallographic sites; the two chalcogenide sites A1 and A2, and the antimony site Sb. They form quintuple A2–Sb–A1–Sb–A2 layers perpendicular to the [001] direction, held together via A2–A2 chalcogenide-chalcogenide interactions. The results of our experimental study show unambiguously, and in agreement with quantum-chemical calculations, a preferred incorporation of selenium into the A2 position inside the layers. An unexpected increase of the van-der-Waals inter-layer distances is observed for low Se contents (x < 1) and discussed with the help of DFT calculations.
Relationship Between Interlimb Asymmetries and Speed and Change of Direction Speed in Youth Handball Players
Authors: Madruga-Parera Marc , Bishop Chris , Beato Marco , Fort-Vanmeerhaeghe Azahara , Gonzalo-Skok Oliver , Romero-Rodríguez Daniel 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Madruga-Parera, M, Bishop, C, Beato, M, Fort-Vanmeerhaeghe, A, Gonzalo-Skok, O, and Romero-Rodríguez, D. Relationship between inter-limb asymmetries and speed and change of direction speed in youth handball players. J Strength Cond Res 35(12): 3482–3490, 2021—The aims of the present study were to quantify interlimb asymmetry from jumping, change of direction speed (CODS), and iso-inertial tests and to establish the association between those asymmetry scores and performance during speed and CODS tests in youth handball athletes. Twenty-six youth handball players (age: 16.2 ± 0.9 years) volunteered to participate in this study and performed single-leg countermovement jumps, single-leg broad jumps, single-leg lateral jumps, CODS tests at 180° (CODS180) and 90° (CODS90), change of direction actions with iso-inertial overload (crossover step [CRO] and lateral shuffle step), and a 20-m sprint test. Excellent intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) values were found for all tests (ICC = 0.96–1.00) with the exception of the dominant limb during the CODS90 test (ICC = 0.69). Interlimb asymmetry scores ranged from 3.66 to 12.67%. Iso-inertial asymmetry values were higher than those found during jumping tasks (9.8–12.7% vs. 3.66–8.76%). Spearman's r correlations showed significant relationships between CRO asymmetry and CODS90 performance on both limbs (r = 0.48–0.51; p < 0.05) and CODS180 (r = 0.41–0.51; p < 0.05) and a sprint test (r = 0.46; p < 0.05). These results show the test-specific nature of asymmetries in youth handball players, with iso-inertial device and CODS deficit presenting the greatest magnitude of asymmetries. Furthermore, interlimb differences during iso-inertial device (CRO) were associated with reduced CODS and sprint performance. These results suggest that the use of iso-inertial devices for the detection of interlimb asymmetry may be more effective than the total time during traditional CODS tests and that larger imbalances are associated with reduced athletic performance in youth handball players.
Spurious HbA1c results in patients with diabetes treated with dapsone
Authors: Aljenaee Khaled , Hakami Osamah , Davenport Colin , Farrell Gemma , Tun Tommy Kyaw , Pazderska Agnieszka , Phelan Niamh , Healy Marie-Louise , Sreenan Seamus , McDermott John H 
Published: September 2019

Summary
Measurement of glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) has been utilised in assessing long-term control of blood glucose in patients with diabetes, as well as diagnosing diabetes and identifying patients at increased risk of developing diabetes in the future. HbA1c reflects the level of blood glucose to which the erythrocyte has been exposed during its lifespan, and there are a number of clinical situations affecting the erythrocyte life span in which HbA1c values may be spuriously high or low and therefore not reflective of the true level of glucose control. In the present case series, we describe the particulars of three patients with diabetes who had spuriously low HbA1c levels as a result of dapsone usage. Furthermore, we discuss the limitations of HbA1c testing and the mechanisms by which it may be affected by dapsone in particular.

Learning points:

Various conditions and medications can result in falsely low HbA1c.

Dapsone can lead to falsely low HbA1c by inducing haemolysis and by forming methaemoglobin.

Capillary glucose measurement, urine glucose measurements and fructosamine levels should be used as alternatives to HbA1c for monitoring glycaemic control if it was falsely low or high.
Fulminant hepatitis and elevated levels of sIL-2R in thyroid storm
Authors: Tanaka Yuri , Uchida Taisuke , Yamaguchi Hideki , Kudo Yohei , Yonekawa Tadato , Nakazato Masamitsu 
Published: September 2019

Summary
We report the case of a 48-year-old man with thyroid storm associated with fulminant hepatitis and elevated levels of soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R). Fatigue, low-grade fever, shortness of breath, and weight loss developed over several months. The patient was admitted to the hospital because of tachycardia-induced heart failure and liver dysfunction. Graves’ disease with heart failure was diagnosed. He was treated with methimazole, inorganic iodide, and a β-blocker. On the day after admission, he became unconscious with a high fever and was transferred to the intensive care unit. Cardiogenic shock with atrial flutter was treated with intra-aortic balloon pumping and cardioversion. Hyperthyroidism decreased over 10 days, but hepatic failure developed. He was diagnosed with thyroid storm accompanied by fulminant hepatitis. Laboratory investigations revealed elevated levels of sIL-2R (9770 U/mL). The fulminant hepatitis was refractory to plasma exchange and plasma filtration with dialysis, and no donors for liver transplantation were available. He died of hemoperitoneum and gastrointestinal hemorrhage due to fulminant hepatitis 62 days after admission. Elevated circulating levels of sIL-2R might be a marker of poor prognosis in thyroid storm with fulminant hepatitis.

Learning points:

The prognosis of thyroid storm when fulminant hepatitis occurs is poor.

Liver transplantation is the preferred treatment for fulminant hepatitis induced by thyroid storm refractory to plasma exchange.

Elevated levels of soluble interleukin-2 receptor might be a marker of poor prognosis in patients with thyroid storm.
The Linked Selection Signature of Rapid Adaptation in Temporal Genomic Data
Authors: Buffalo Vince , Coop Graham 
Published: September 2019

AbstractPopulations adapt to selection on polygenic traits through subtle allele frequency changes scattered throughout the genome. Detecting such changes from population genomic data is quite difficult, as these small changes can look like genetic drift. Buffalo...The majority of empirical population genetic studies have tried to understand the evolutionary processes that have shaped genetic variation in a single sample taken from a present-day population. However, genomic data collected over tens of generations in both natural and laboratory populations are increasingly used to find selected loci underpinning adaptation over these short timescales. Although these studies have been quite successful in detecting selection on large-effect loci, the fitness differences between individuals are often polygenic, such that selection leads to allele frequency changes that are difficult to distinguish from genetic drift. However, one promising signal comes from polygenic selection’s effect on neutral sites that become stochastically associated with the genetic backgrounds that lead to fitness differences between individuals. Previous theoretical work has established that the random associations between a neutral allele and heritable fitness backgrounds act to reduce the effective population size experienced by this neutral allele. These associations perturb neutral allele frequency trajectories, creating autocovariance in the allele frequency changes across generations. Here, we show how temporal genomic data allow us to measure the temporal autocovariance in allele frequency changes and characterize the genome-wide impact of polygenic selection. We develop expressions for these temporal autocovariances, showing that their magnitude is determined by the level of additive genetic variation, recombination, and linkage disequilibria in a region. Furthermore, by using analytic expressions for the temporal variances and autocovariances in allele frequency, we demonstrate that one can estimate the additive genetic variation for fitness and the drift-effective population size from temporal genomic data. We also show how the proportion of total variation in allele frequency change due to linked selection can be estimated from temporal data. Overall, we demonstrate that temporal genomic data offer opportunities to identify the role of linked selection on genome-wide diversity over short timescales, and can help bridge population genetic and quantitative genetic studies of adaptation.
Sécheresse oculaire
Authors: Machan Carolyn M. , Hrynchak Patricia K. , Irving Elizabeth L. 
Published: September 2019

Cette étude canadienne a permis de déterminer la prévalence des symptômes de la sécheresse oculaire (SO) et le diagnostic clinique au cours de la vie humaine, la corrélation des symptômes avec un diagnostic et les facteurs associés à la SO. Les données ont été tirées de WatES, un examen rétrospectif des dossiers (n=6 397) d’examens de patients à la clinique d’optométrie de l’Université de Waterloo. La prévalence des symptômes et du diagnostic de la SO a été déterminée globalement, dans les groupes d’âge de cinq ans et pour les symptômes individuels. Chaque symptôme a été analysé par régression logistique afin de déterminer s’il y avait un lien significatif avec un diagnostic de SO. On a analysé les facteurs oculaires et systémiques ainsi que les médicaments courants en vue de déterminer leur association avec les symptômes ou le diagnostic de la SO. Parmi tous les patients (0 à 93 ans), 543 (8,5 %) présentaient des symptômes de SO. En ce qui concerne les groupes d’âge, la prévalence la plus élevée a été observée chez les patients de 30 à 35 ans (11,4 %) et de 75 à 80 ans (13,7 %). La SO a été diagnostiquée chez 1 140 patients (17,8 %). La prévalence augmentait de 3,0 % par année d’âge. Aucune différence liée au sexe dans le dysfonctionnement des glandes de Meibomius en fonction de l’âge n’a été décelée. Moins de la moitié (43,5 %) des patients symptomatiques ont reçu un diagnostic de SO. Les symptômes suivants ont été associés à un diagnostic de SO : sécheresse (RC = 7,56, 5,30-10,77 IC à 95 %), yeux rouges (RC = 3,62, 2,04-6,43 IC à 95 %), brûlure/piqûre/douleur (RC = 2,67, 1,69-4,23 IC à 95 %) et larmoiement des yeux (RC = 1,66, 1,12-2,45 IC). La blépharite antérieure (RC=2,46, 2,05-2,95), les femmes (RC=1,24, 1,06-1,40 IC à 95 %), le port de lentilles de contact (RC=1,34, 1,06-1,70 IC à 95 %) et les allergies environnementales (RC=1,18, 1,00-1,41 IC à 95 %) étaient associés de façon significative à un diagnostic de SO. Cette étude est unique en ce sens qu’elle couvre toute la durée de vie humaine pour le diagnostic de la sécheresse oculaire, les symptômes et le dysfonctionnement des glandes de Meibomius (DGM) et qu’elle fournit des données sur la prévalence de la sécheresse oculaire au Canada.
Role of pentraxin-3 in risk assessment of patients with metabolic syndrome
Authors: Zlibut A , Bocsan IC , Pop RM , Vesa SC , Bheecarry K , Revnic R , Cojan-Minzat B , Lupu S , Buzoianu AD , Agoston-Coldea L 
Published: September 2019

Background
Inflammation plays a major role in the development of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its progression. Recent studies have shown that pentraxin-3 (PTX-3), osteoprogerin (OPG), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) are key factors in MetS pathophysiology, but evidence for endorsing their clinical use is currently unclear and insufficient.

Aim
The study aimed to evaluate the association between the inflammatory biomarkers’ levels and the severity of MetS.

Methods
The study was observational, transversal, prospective, cohort, and analytical type. We enrolled 80 patients (M:F = 1, mean age = 55 ± 10.77 years) who met MetS criteria. The study protocol included: medical history, physical examination, 6-min walk test distance (6MWTD), biochemical tests, electrocardiogram, echocardiography, and carotid ultrasonography. We also performed plasmatic measurement of PTX-3, OPG, and TNF-α, in addition to standard biochemical tests.

Results
Subjects with severe MetS had higher values of body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (p < 0.001, p = 0.001). PTX-3 levels were significantly higher in patients with severe MetS (p = 0.03) and the values were not influenced by age or gender. OPG positively correlated with BMI (r = 0.264, p = 0.018). 6MWTD was lower in patients with severe MetS (p = 0.005), whereas CCA-IMT was higher in this group of patients (p = 0.005). In addition, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis for PTX-3 identified a cut-off value of 10.7 ng/dl that differentiates between mild and severe MetS [AUC 0.656; sensitivity =47.1% (95% CI = 36.1%–62.3%); specificity = 78.9% (95% CI = 54.4%–93.9%)].

Conclusion
PTX-3 was correlated with the severity of MetS, with other inflammatory parameters and cardiovascular tests. CCA-IMT and 6MWTD are useful in differentiating between mild and severe MetS.
ANALYSIS OF THE VISCERAL PERFUSION STRATEGIES DURING INFANT AORTIC ARCH RECONSTRUCTION
Authors: Kulyabin Yu. Yu. , Omelchenko A. Yu. , Soynov I. A. , Zubritskiy A. V. , Voytov A. V. , Gorbatykh A. V. , Gorbatykh Yu. N. 
Published: September 2019

Aim To compare the effects of continuous regional perfusion methods for infant aortic arch repair on the incidence of acute renal dysfunction and mortality in the early postoperative period.Methods A total of 121 infants who underwent aortic arch reconstruction in the period from June 2007 to December 2017 were included in the study. Patients were 1:1 propensity score matched using the nearest-neighbor methodology. Sixty-two patients (median age 14 (interquartile range (IQR) [8; 23]) days) were selected for the retrospective analysis and divided in two groups: those who underwent repair with selective antegrade cerebral perfusion (SACP) (SACP group, 31 patients) at 23–26°C and those who received whole brain perfusion and additional lower body perfusion (double arterial cannulation (DAC) group, 31 patients) at 28–32°C.Results In-hospital mortality was 3.2% in the DAC group (3.2%) and 12.8% in the SACP group, respectively (p = 0.03). More patients from the SACP group required an open chest after operation (p = 0.013). Patients from the DAC group had shorter open chest duration (p = 0.002) and shorter length of stay in the intensive care unit (ICU) (p = 0.035). There were no differences in the need for renal replacement therapy (p = 0.20) and rate of creatinine level progression during the first three postoperative days between the groups (p = 0.53). The body mass of less than 2 kilos predisposes patients to the onset of acute renal dysfunction (p = 0.013), which was found to be a predictor of early mortality (p = 0.038).Conclusion Lower body perfusion reported similar results to SACP in terms of the onset of acute renal dysfunction, but was superior in terms of lower mortality and shorter lengths of stay in the ICU.
Expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen and Ki-67 in renal cell carcinoma in eastern Indian patients
Authors: Pramanik Sandip , Sur Subhayan , Bankura Biswabandhu , Panda Chinmay Kumar , Pal Dilip Kumar 
Published: September 2019

Background: Several molecular markers play important role in development and prognosis of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and Ki-67 are such kind of molecular markers which may have prognostic significance in RCC and need to be studied about. Estimation of proliferation index by immunohistochemical expression analysis of PCNA and Ki-67 at different clinical stages of RCC samples and correlations of expression of the genes with different clinicopathological parameters between tumour tissue cells and adjacent normal tissue cells were the objectives.Methods: Thirty two patients of RCC who had been operated at one tertiary care institute of eastern India were taken for the study. Histopathological and immunohistochemistry analysis of PCNA and Ki-67 from tumour tissue and normal tissue were done. Patients who received radiotherapy, chemotherapy etc. before operation and who had benign tumours of the kidney in histopathological examination were excluded from the study.Results: Mean PCNA expression in normal renal tissue is 4.54%; whereas the clear cell RCC, papillary RCC and chromophobe RCC showed 49.81%, 50.75% and 66.50% of mean PCNA expression respectively. Mean expression of Ki-67 in normal tissues was 1.75%. Whereas the clear cell RCC, papillary RCC and chromophobe RCC showed 23.96%, 24.75% and 31% of mean Ki-67 expression respectively. Both molecular markers were positively correlated overall.Conclusions: PCNA and Ki-67 expression is increased in RCC when compared with normal tissues and it increases with Stage of RCC. PCNA expression is positively correlated with Ki-67 in different stages and histopathological groups of RCC.
Effect of persistence of left ventricular hypertrophy and left atrial dilatation after aortic valve replacement on early outcomes and survival: a prospective study
Authors: Murthy P. Hari Krishna , Chandra Abha 
Published: September 2019

Background: The objective of the study was to evaluate the early outcomes and survival in patients with severe aortic stenosis associated with concentric left ventricular hypertrophy following aortic valve replacement.Methods: This is a prospective study done at SVIMS, Tirupati, from June 2014 to September 2015 evaluating out comes and survival in patients undergoing primary isolated aortic valve replacement (AVR) for severe aortic stenosis, severe aortic stenosis with mild aortic regurgitation and severe aortic stenosis with moderate aortic regurgitation.Results: A total of 40 cases 26 males and 14 females aged 18 to 60 years (mean age, 48.5±13.4 years) underwent elective AVR. Left ventricular end diastolic diameter (p=0.008) at 6 months, a statistically highly significant difference in left ventricular mass preoperatively, at discharge, at 3rd and 6th month follow up. The difference in mean left ventricular mass index (LVMI) had declined from 244.425 to 141.100 at 6 months, showing a statistically highly significant difference in LVMI preop, at discharge, at 3rd month and at 6th month follow up.Conclusions: Patients with preoperative increase in LVMI, with large left atrial diameter carries a strong predictor of postoperative mortality for patients undergoing aortic valve surgery. We also conclude that there will be significant regression of LVMI following successful AVR. But, the decrease in LVMI is maximum during early three months and it is minimal though significant in the later course of follow up.