bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Autoevaluación y evaluación por pares (iguales) como herramientas de aprendizaje y de evaluación de competencias en la asignatura de Bioestadística y Metodología Científica en Ciencias de la Salud del Grado de Enfermería de la Universidad de León = Self-assessment and peer evaluation (peers) as learning tools and skills assessment in the subject of Biostatistics and Scientific Methodology in Health Sciences of the Degree of Nursing at the University of León
Authors: Fernández Villa T , Molina A. J. , García L. , Dávila Batista V. , Gutiérrez Cosío S. , Martín V. 
Published: November 2018

<p>Resumen</p><p>La entrada en vigor del Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior (EEES) ha supuesto un gran cambio en la metodología docente y en los sistemas de evaluación, centrándose en el proceso de aprendizaje-enseñanza en la adquisición de competencias. La evaluación por competencias es un proceso de recogida de evidencias (a través de actividades de aprendizaje) y de formulación de valoraciones sobre la medida y la naturaleza del progreso del estudiante, según unos resultados de aprendizaje esperados. Esta metodología implica el diseño de instrumentos de evaluación que definan con rigor y claridad los indicadores de logro y dominio de las competencias evaluadas. Con ello se pretende incorporar la autoevaluación y la co-evaluación (evaluación por iguales) como herramientas continuas que guíen el aprendizaje y como herramientas para la valoración final del grado de adquisición de las competencias. Esto propiciará la participación activa del estudiante en su proceso de aprendizaje y evaluación y la mejora significativa de la comunicación de la evaluación por competencias al alumnado.</p><p> Abstract</p><p>The entry into force of the European Higher Education Area (EHEA) has led to a great change in teaching methodology and in evaluation systems, focusing on the learning-teaching process in the acquisition of competences. The competency assessment is a process of evidence collection (through learning activities) and formulation of assessments of the extent and nature of student progress, according to expected learning outcomes. This methodology involves the design of evaluation instruments that define with rigor and clarity the indicators of achievement and mastery of the competences evaluated. The intention of this is to incorporate the self-assessment and co-evaluation (peer evaluation) as continuous tools that guide learning and as tools for the final assessment of the degree of acquisition of skills. It will foster the active participation of the student in their learning and evaluation process and the significant improvement of the communication of the assessment by competencies to the students.</p>
ANALISIS RISIKO KECELAKAAN LALU LINTAS BERDASAR TIPE KEPRIBADIAN DAN PELANGGARAN PADA PENGENDARA SEPEDA MOTOR
Authors: Anwar Defia Rosalina 
Published: November 2018

It is reasonable that the traffic accident increased because of the massive motor vehicle accident. WHO recorded that the traffic accident was the third most enormous killer after tuberculosis and coronary heart disease. The majority of motorcyclist is teenager that causes the increase of traffic accident. This research was conducted to acknowledge the relation between the type of personality and the violation of motorcyclist toward the traffic accident occurred to senior high school student. This research was analytical observation using two stage random sampling method. The population of the research was all student in Sampang regency in 2017. It was involving 127 respondents. The variables applied were the type of personality and the violation of motorcyclist (including traffic sign and road markings). The data was analysed by Chi Square and suggested that (α = 0.05) the type of personality (p = 0.537; RR 1.457), and the violation of the motorcyclist (p = 1; RR 0.930) have no significant relation to the traffic accident among senior high school student. The conclusion of this research is there is no relationship between p ersonality type, violation by motorcycle with the incident of traffic accident. It is suggested to high school students not to drive a motor vehicle if they do not have a driver’s license, in order to minimize the occurrence of traffic accidents.
Bilateral and Multilateral Approach of The United States and China Towards ASEAN
Authors: Jati Irawan 
Published: November 2018

The U.S. and China relations in Southeast Asia have been a long contesting history. It is no question that the U.S. and China are playing strategy to stronghold Southeast Asia for their gain. Both states seek greater influence by applying the multilateral and bilateral approach to ASEAN and its member states. In engaging to ASEAN, the U.S. and China joined ASEAN led multilateral forums such as the ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF) and ASEAN Plus Three. Traditionally, the U.S. and China already have bilateral diplomatic relations with all ASEAN member states. But it does not necessarily represent their deep commitment to the Southeast Asia region. Furthermore, ASEAN relations with the U.S. and China are overshadowed by the rivalry between the two major powers. The US increasing military tied with the Philippines and Thailand's strategic plan to acquire submarines from China are the recent development of rivalries between the two. Therefore, it is fascinating to examine how the US and China's bilateral and multilateral approaches affecting ASEAN and its member states policies. It is argued that ASEAN should maintain neutral performance in engaging with the U.S. and China. It also suggests that ASEAN member states should keep their 'community' identity to derogate the possible deterioration of the stability in the region. Hubungan antara Amerika Serikat (A.S) dan Tiongkok di kawasan Asia Tenggara memiliki sejarah persaingan yang panjang. A.S dan Tiongkok memainkan strategi untuk menguasai Asia Tenggara demi kepentingan mereka. Kedua negara berusaha untuk mencapai pengaruh yang lebih luas dengan melakukan pendekatan multilateral dan bilateral pada ASEAN dan negara anggotanya. Dalam hubungaannya dengan ASEAN, A.S dan Tiongkok terlibat dalam forum multilateral ASEAN seperti ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF), dan ASEAN Plus Three. Secara tradisional, A.S dan Tiongkok telah memiliki hubungan diplomasi bilateral dengan negara anggota ASEAN. Namun hal tersebut belum menunjukkan komitmen utama mereka di kawasan Asia Tenggara. Lebih jauh lagi, hubungan ASEAN dengan A.S dan Tiongkok dibayangi oleh persaingan antar kedua negara besar tersebut. Peningkatan hubungan militer A.S dengan Filipina dan rencana strategis Thailand untuk membeli kapal selam dari Tiongkok merupakan perkembagan teranyar dari persaingan antar kedua negara tersebut. Oleh karenaya, artikel ini akan menganalisis bagaimana pendekatan multilateral dan bilateral yang dilakukan oleh A.S dan Tiongkok mempengaruhi kebijakan ASEAN dan negara anggotanya. Argumen utama dalam artikel ini adalah ASEAN harus tetap mempertahankan netralitas dalam kebijakannya terhadap A.S dan Tiongkok. Artikel ini juga merekomendasikan agar ASEAN dan negara anggotanya tetap berpegang pada identitas ‘komunitas’ untuk menghindari kemungkinan eprpecahan di kawasan.
Comparison between refractive outcome of primary piggy back intraocular lens versus secondary lens iris claw lens in posterior microphthalmos
Authors: Elhofi Abdelhamid , Helaly Hany Ahmed , Said Amr 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Purpose: to compare the refractive outcome of 2 different methods of intraocular lens implantation in cases of posterior microphthalmos, primary piggy back IOLs versus secondary iris claw lenses.

Methods: This study was a retrospective interventional comparative study that included 60 eyes of 30 patients. The included patients had bilateral microphthalmos with high axial hyperopia and had undergone a lens based surgical procedure for hyperopia correction. The included patients were equally divided into two groups. The first group had undergone refractive lens exchange (RLE) with primary piggyback IOL implantation. The second group undergone RLE with maximum available IOL power implanted followed by a secondary implantation of Artisan iris-fixated IOL (Ophtec B.V., Groningen, The Netherlands).

Results: The 2 groups were highly comparable to each other regarding the mean age, axial length (AL), manifest refraction (MR), and K readings. Postoperative, there was a statistically significant difference between the 2 groups regarding the manifest refraction spherical equivalent (MRSE), mean absolute error (MAE), and uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA). There was no significant difference between the 2 groups regarding the CDVA. At 36 months, 20 % and 73 % of eyes were within + 0.5 D of intended refraction at 36 months in 1ry piggy back and 2ry Artisan groups respectively. Fifty-three % and 93 % of eyes were within + 1.0 D of intended refraction at 36 months in 1ry piggy back and 2ry Artisan groups respectively (p = 0.001).

Conclusion: secondary procedure with implantation of iris-fixated intraocular lens yielded very good results for treatment of axial hyperopia in cases of posterior microphthalmos. The primary piggyback IOL showed less satisfactory results with cases of under correction and the possible complication of inter-lenticular opacification. Both groups showed good safety parameters.
Health costs and benefits from a pilot rural sanitation intervention in India
Authors: Weis David , Hutton Guy , Kumar Manish 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
India hosts two-thirds of the global population defecating in the open and faces a worrying trend of districts declared ‘water scarce’. This paper aims to assess the costs and health benefits of sanitation interventions undertaken by the National Rural Drinking Water Security Pilot Project in India between 2012 and 2015. To achieve this goal, a pretest–posttest control group study was undertaken in two study areas located in Karnataka and Uttar Pradesh states. Full software and infrastructure costs were included as well as health endpoints, sourced from primary health centers. In Karnataka, latrine coverage of households increased from 16% to 59% in villages with high level of interventions, and from 7% to 18% in villages with lower levels of intervention. In Uttar Pradesh, coverage increased from 33% to 70% in high intervention villages and from 27% to 39% in the low intervention villages. We found health-related net benefits of USD 13 and USD 10 per person per year and benefit/cost ratios of 2.5 and 5.0 in Karnataka Uttar Pradesh, respectively. Given the positive economic returns on the intervention in culturally heterogeneous sites of southern and northern India, this intervention has potential for bringing significant benefits to the Indian population.
A low-cost, open-source autonomous surface vehicle as a multipurpose waste stabilization pond monitoring platform
Authors: Cuppens A. , Menesse G. , Caligaris E. , Marecos O. , Wyseure G. 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Although waste stabilization ponds (WSPs) are widely used in developing countries, monitoring data on their operational performance are scarce. Traditional methods for monitoring in-pond conditions, i.e. conducting hand held measurements from a small boat or installing fixed sensor networks, are not straightforward to realize and create an unhealthy working environment for field workers. A promising technology for the safe and efficient collection of monitoring data is a compact autonomous surface vehicle (ASV), capable of autonomous navigation along a predefined trajectory based on geographic coordinates and measurements in different places and depths. In this practical paper, the development process, technical details and functional testing results of a low-cost ASV for WSP monitoring are presented. Commonly available construction materials and electronic components were used to ensure affordability and reparability. The access to online tutorials and peer-support was crucial for assembling the open-source autopilot and data logger. The ASV demonstrated satisfactory performance for both the autonomous navigation as well as the georeferenced data logging of measurements at a real-scale WSP in Paraguay. This study demonstrates how the adoption of open-source hardware and software offers the flexibility for the wastewater professionals to develop customized DIY solutions for specific monitoring applications and working environments.
Preparation and Characterization of a Novel Room Temperature Dicationic Ionic Liquid and its Application in the Synthesis of Xanthenediones Under Solvent-Free Conditions
Authors: Ehsani-Nasab Zainab , Ezabadi Ali 
Published: November 2018

Aim and Objective:
In the present work, 1, 1’-sulfinyldiethylammonium bis (hydrogen
sulfate) as a novel room temperature dicationic ionic liquid was synthesized and used as a catalyst
for xanthenediones synthesis.

Material and Method:
The dicationic ionic liquid has been synthesized using ethylamine and thionyl
chloride as precursors. Then, by the reaction of [(EtNH2)2SO]Cl2 with H2SO4, [(EtNH2)2SO][HSO4]2
was prepared and after that, it was characterized by FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR as well as Hammett
acidity function. This dicationic ionic liquid was used as a catalyst for the synthesis of
xanthenediones via condensation of structurally diverse aldehydes and dimedone under solvent-free
conditions. The progress of the reaction was monitored by thin layer chromatography (ethyl
acetate/n-hexane = 3/7).

Results:
An efficient solvent-free method for the synthesis of xanthenediones has been developed in
the presence of [(EtNH2)2SO][HSO4]2 as a powerful catalyst with high to excellent yields, and short
reaction times. Additionally, recycling studies have demonstrated that the dicationic ionic liquid can
be readily recovered and reused at least four times without significant loss of its catalytic activity.

Conclusion:
This new dicationic ionic liquid can act as a highly efficient catalyst for xanthenediones
synthesis under solvent-free conditions.
Regional Distribution of Nitric Oxide Synthase in Human Anorectal Tissue: A Pilot Study on the Potential Role for Nitric Oxide in Haemorrhoids
Authors: Lohsiriwat Varut , Wilson Vincent G. , Scholefield John H. , Dashwood Michael R. 
Published: November 2018

Objective:
To study the distribution of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) isoforms and protein levels
in human haemorrhoids and rectal tissue.

Methods:
Protein expression of NOS1, NOS2 and NOS3 was compared between haemorrhoids (n=14)
and normal rectal submucosa (n=6) using Western blot analysis. The localisation of all NOS isoforms to
specific structures was determined by immunohistochemistry.

Results:
Western blot analysis showed median (interquartile range) protein levels of all NOS isoforms
were 1.5-2.4 times higher in haemorrhoids than rectal tissue; 121.4 (55.2-165.5) vs 50.0 (25.5-73.7) for
NOS1 (p=0.020), 32.2 (23.8-140.6) vs 14.8 (9.6-34.0) for NOS2 (p=0.109), and 80.1 (62.0-139.5) vs
54.3 (48.7 -61.7) for NOS3 (p=0.015). Immunohistochemistry revealed a different distribution and location
of all NOS isoforms in vascular and non-vascular structure of haemorrhoids and rectal tissues. The
number of haemorrhoid specimens showing positive immunoreactivity of NOS in the vascular endothelium
was significantly higher than that in rectal tissue for NOS1 (11/14 (79%) vs 1/6 (17%); p=0.018)
and NOS3 (8/14 (57%) vs 0/6 (0%); p=0.042), but not for NOS2 (6/14 (43%) vs 4/6 (67%); p=0.63).

Conclusion:
Haemorrhoids have significantly higher protein levels of NOS1 and NOS3 than rectal tissue.
The vascular endothelium of haemorrhoids also has significantly higher positive immunoreactivity
of NOS1 and NOS3 than rectal tissue suggesting that blood vessels in haemorrhoids are exposed to
higher NO concentrations than those of rectal tissue. Since haemorrhoids exhibit marked vascular dilatation
and present with bleeding or swelling, a reduction in NOS - by applying NOS inhibitors - may potentially
improve the symptoms of haemorrhoids.
Design, Synthesis, Biological Evaluation and In Silico Studies of Few Novel 2-Substituted Benzothiazole Derivatives as Potential EGFR Inhibitors
Authors: Mubeen Muhammad , Kini Suvarna Ganesh , Kumar Avinash , Pai Karkala Sreedhara Ranganath 
Published: November 2018

Background:
There is a great unmet medical need for new anticancer small molecule
therapeutics. Exhaustive literature review suggests that benzothiazole derivatives have good potential
to exhibit anticancer activity. Compounds that inhibit the kinase activity of EGFR are of potential
interest as new antitumor agent.

Objective:
To design, synthesize and carry out in silico along with biological evaluation of 2-
substituted benzothiazole compounds with EGFR inhibitory activity.

Methods:
Benzothiazole derivatives designed from molecular docking method for potential EGFR
tyrosine kinase inhibition have been synthesized based on the docking results and characterized. Insilico
studies were carried out to understand the mode of EGFR enzyme inhibition by our molecules.
As a preliminary study, these compounds were first screened for antioxidant activity and then for
anticancer activity against MCF-7 cell lines and A549 cell line.

Results:
Compound B5 showed potent anticancer activity on MCF-7 cell line with IC50 value of
9.7µM and compound B8 showed significant anticancer activity on A549 cell line with IC50 value of
49.7μM in comparison with the standard drug Doxorubicin (IC50 = 1.4µM on MCF-7 and 1.0µM on
A549 cell lines). In EGFR inhibitory activity B8 showed maximum activity on A549 cell line by
inactivating 69.10% of EGFR phosphorylation and B7 showed maximum activity on MCF-7 cell line
by inactivating 41.90% of EGFR phosphorylation in comparison with the reference drug Gefitinib.
Molecular dynamics simulation studies suggest that benzothiazole derivative could also bind to
allosteric site and inhibit the EGFR enzyme activity.

Conclusion:
Reported compounds have shown potent anticancer activity through EGFR inhibition
by possibly binding at allosteric site.
Structural and Functional Annotation of Conserved Virulent Hypothetical Proteins in Chlamydia Trachomatis: An In-Silico Approach
Authors: Naveed Muhammad , Mehboob Muhammad Zubair , Hussain Aadil , Ikram Khadija , Talat Attha , Zeeshan Nadia 
Published: November 2018

Background:Though after a start of genome sequencing most of the protein sequences are deposited in databases, some proteins remain to be unannotated and functionally uncharacterized. Chlamydia trachomatis L2C is a gram-negative pathogen bacterium involved in causing severe disorders like lymphogranuloma venereum, nongonococcal urethritis, and cervicitis. <P> Objectives: Analyzing and annotating the hypothetical proteins can help to understand its pathogenicity and therapeutic hotspots. Its genome encodes a total of 221 hypothetical proteins and out of these, 14 hypothetical proteins are declared as virulent by virulence prediction server (VirulentPred). <P> Methods: In this study, the functional and structural analysis was carried out by conserve domain finding servers, protein function annotators and physiochemical properties predictors. Proteinprotein interactions studies revealed the involvement of these virulent HPs in a number of pathways, which would be of interest for drug designers. <P> Results: Classifier tool was used to classify the virulent hypothetical proteins into enzymes, membrane protein, transporter and regulatory protein groups. <P> Conclusion: Our study would help to understand the mechanisms of pathogenesis and new potential therapeutic targets for a couple of diseases caused by C. trachomatis.
Development, Characterization and Optimization of Mucoadhesive Tablet for Buccal Delivery of Domperidone
Authors: Sachin Jagdale , Aishwarya Panbude , Priya Navasare 
Published: November 2018

Background and Objective: Upon oral administration domeperidone is rapidly absorbed, but
subjected to the first pass effect which lowers systemic bioavailability to 15%. Mucoadhesive tablet
can remain attached to buccal mucosa and becomes capable of bypassing hepatic first-pass metabolism
to improve absorption directly into systemic circulation. The present research work was carried with an
aim to develop, evaluate and optimize mucoadhesive tablet containing domperidone (DOME) for buccal
delivery using different bio-adhesive polymeric combinations.
</P><P>
Methods: The buccal tablets were formulated by wet granulation method using isopropyl alcohol. The
preliminary formulations were prepared using combinations of HPMC K4, HPMC K15, HPMC K100,
HPMC E5 as mucoadhesive polymers. 32 full factorial design was applied to determine the effect of
independent variables like concentration of mucoadhesive polymers (HPMC K15 and HPMC K100)
over dependent variables like mucoadhesive properties (swelling index, bioadhesive strength and in vitro
drug release). The prepared mucoadhesive tablets were evaluated for their tablet properties and mucoadhesive
properties. The interactions between drug and polymers were studied by Fourier Transform
Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC).
</P><P>
Results: All formulations of factorial design showed satisfactory physicochemical, mechanical and
bioadhesive characteristics. The formulation F9 exhibited maximum cumulative drug release, mucoadhesive
strength and swelling index.

Conclusion:
The developed buccal tablet of domperidone might prove alternative to bypass the hepatic
first pass metabolism and to avoid degradation which in turn may result in reducing the frequency of
administration. Thus, mucoadhesive tablet of domeperidone may become viable alternative overcoming
the side effects; achieving greater therapeutic effectiveness and improving the patient compliance.
Energy Efficient Clustering for Wireless Sensor Network Using Hybrid Genetic - Bees Algorithm
Authors: Hoseinpour Atiieh , Lahijani Mojtaba Jafari , Kazemitabar Javad 
Published: November 2018

Background & Objective:
A sensor network is composed of a large number of sensor
nodes that are deployed to perform measurement and/or command and control in a field. Sensor
nodes are battery powered devices and replacement or recharging of their batteries may not be feasible.
One of the major challenges with sensory wireless networks is excessive energy consumption in
nodes.

Methods:
Clustering is one of the methods that have been offered for resolving this issue. Clustering
provides a means to reduce the number of wireless communications that greatly increase the life expectancy
of the network. In this paper, we propose a novel hybrid genetic-bees algorithm that harnesses
an efficient fitness function. This hybrid algorithm can smartly divide the sensor nodes into
clusters and thus reduce the energy consumption.

Results and Conclusion:
The simulation results show that this algorithm can simultaneously process
multiple points in the search grid and also converge to the optimal solution in reasonable time.
Dynamic Aggregation Mechanism for Efficient Transmission of H.264/ SVC Video Over IEEE 802.11n WLANs
Authors: Jat Dharm Singh , Bishnoi Lal Chand , Nambahu Shoopala 
Published: November 2018

Background:
In just last two-years most of the world’s video data has been created by the digital devices
like smartphone, surveillance cameras, and wireless sensor networks. These days the IEEE
802.11n enabled devices for Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs) are being used to achieve
higher throughput at the Medium Access Control (MAC) layer.
</p><p>
Methods: In this research, the Dynamic Aggregation
Mechanism (DAM) algorithm is proposed for H.264/SVC video transmission over IEEE
802.11n WLANs. The modified Network Simulator (NS2) was used to examine the quality of received
H.264/SVC video over 802.11n WLAN. For quality measurement, PSNR was used for all
nine H.264/SVC video traffic.
</p><p>
Results: The proposed mechanism improved the PSNR for received video.