bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk Factors for Manipulation Under Anesthesia and/or Lysis of Adhesions After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Huleatt Joel , Gottschalk Michael , Fraser Kelsey , Boden Allison , Dalwadi Poonam , Xerogeanes John , Hammond Kyle 
Published: September 2018

Background: In the currently published literature, a higher risk for developing arthrofibrosis after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction has been reported for female patients, adolescents, early surgery or concomitant procedures, and the use of a patellar tendon autograft. There is a lack of evidence regarding other graft choices or factors. Hypothesis: Multiple risk factors will play a significant role in the development of arthrofibrosis after ACL reconstruction. Specifically, we hypothesized that the risk of manipulation under anesthesia (MUA) and/or lysis of adhesions (LOA) would be affected by graft choice and patient demographic factors. Study Design: Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: The charts of all patients who underwent ACL reconstruction over a 10-year period at a single academic institution were queried from an electronic medical record database and reviewed at a minimum of 6 months after ACL reconstruction, with the collection of demographic and surgical data. The relative risk for undergoing MUA and/or LOA was calculated for each analyzed risk factor. Results: A total of 2424 ACL reconstructions were included, with a chart review at a mean of 56.7 months after surgery (range, 7.6-124.0 months). The rate of MUA and/or LOA for arthrofibrosis was 4.5%. A statistically significantly increased relative risk was found for infection (5.45), hematoma requiring evacuation (3.55), ACL reconstruction with meniscal repair (2.83), use of a quadriceps tendon autograft (2.68), age <18 years (2.39), multiple concomitant procedures (1.69), contact injury (1.62), female sex (1.60), and surgery within 28 days of injury (1.53), and a statistically significantly decreased relative risk was found for revision ACL reconstruction (0.30), age >25 years (0.34), and use of a tibialis anterior allograft (0.36). In the multivariate regression model, the use of a quadriceps tendon autograft ( P = .00007), infection ( P = .00126), and concomitant meniscal repair ( P = .00194) were independent risk factors, whereas revision ACL reconstruction ( P = .0024) was an independent protective factor. Conclusion: Graft type, infection, concomitant meniscal repair, and primary reconstruction are significant risk factors for undergoing MUA or LOA after ACL reconstruction.
How I treat hypoxia in adults with hemoglobinopathies and hemolytic disorders
Authors: Machogu Evans M. , Machado Roberto F. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractHemoglobinopathies are caused by genetic mutations that result in abnormal hemoglobin molecules, resulting in hemolytic anemia. Chronic complications involving the lung parenchyma, vasculature, and cardiac function in hemoglobinopathies result in impaired gas exchange, resulting in tissue hypoxia. Hypoxia is defined as the deficiency in the amount of oxygen reaching the tissues of the body and is prevalent in patients with hemoglobinopathies, and its cause is often multifactorial. Chronic hypoxia in hemoglobinopathies is often a sign of disease severity and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Therefore, a thorough understanding of the pathophysiology of hypoxia in these disease processes is important in order to appropriately treat the underlying cause and prevent complications. In this article, we discuss management of hypoxia based on three different cases: sickle cell disease, β-thalassemia, and hereditary spherocytosis. These cases are used to review the current understanding of the disease pathophysiology, demonstrate the importance of a thorough clinical history and physical examination, explore diagnostic pathways, and review the current management.
Lixisenatide Reduces Chylomicron Triacylglycerol by Increased Clearance
Authors: Whyte Martin B , Shojaee-Moradie Fariba , Sharaf Sharaf E , Jackson Nicola C , Fielding Barbara , Hovorka Roman , Mendis Jeewaka , Russell-Jones David , Umpleby A Margot 
Published: September 2018

Abstract

Context
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonists control postprandial glucose and lipid excursion in type 2 diabetes; however, the mechanisms are unclear.

Objective
To determine the mechanisms of postprandial lipid and glucose control with lixisenatide (GLP-1 analog) in type 2 diabetes.

Design
Randomized, double-blind, cross-over study.

Setting
Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Research, Royal Surrey County Hospital, Guildford, United Kingdom.

Patients
Eight obese men with type 2 diabetes [age, 57.3 ± 1.9 years; body mass index, 30.3 ± 1.0 kg/m2; glycosylated hemoglobin, 66.5 ± 2.6 mmol/mol (8.2% ± 0.3%)].

Interventions
Two metabolic studies, 4 weeks after lixisenatide or placebo, with cross-over and repetition of studies.

Main Outcome Measures
Study one: very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) and chylomicron (CM) triacylglycerol (TAG) kinetics were measured with an IV bolus of [2H5]glycerol in a 12-hour study, with hourly feeding. Oral [13C]triolein, in a single meal, labeled enterally derived TAG. Study two: glucose kinetics were measured with [U-13C]glucose in a mixed-meal (plus acetaminophen to measure gastric emptying) and variable IV [6,6-2H2]glucose infusion.

Results
Study one: CM-TAG (but not VLDL-TAG) pool-size was lower with lixisenatide (P = 0.046). Lixisenatide reduced CM [13C]oleate area under the curve (AUC)60–480min concentration (P = 0.048) and increased CM-TAG clearance, with no effect on CM-TAG production rate. Study two: postprandial glucose and insulin AUC0–240min were reduced with lixisenatide (P = 0.0051; P &lt; 0.05). Total glucose production (P = 0.015), rate of glucose appearance from the meal (P = 0.0098), and acetaminophen AUC0–360min (P = 0.006) were lower with lixisenatide than with placebo.

Conclusions
Lixisenatide reduced [13C]oleate concentrations, derived from a single meal in CM-TAG and glucose rate of appearance from the meal through delayed gastric emptying. However, day-long CM production, measured with repeated meal feeding, was not reduced by lixisenatide and decreased CM-TAG concentration resulted from increased CM-TAG clearance.
The SBAR communication framework: for when you need action
Authors: Stonehouse David 
Published: September 2018

This article examines the communication framework known as SBAR—which stands for ‘situation, background, assessment, recommendation’. High-quality communication between members of the multidisciplinary team is vital within health and social care. Support workers have a clear role and responsibility in facilitating effective communication. Therefore, relevant sections of the Code of Conduct for Healthcare Support Workers and Adult Social Care Workers in England ( Skills for Care and Skills for Health, 2013 ) will be highlighted. The article will then discuss exactly what the SBAR framework is and examine the four key parts which assist in the concise and focused transfer of information in an assertive and effective way, while empowering the support worker and developing their critical thinking skills.
Shockwave therapy in selected soft tissue diseases: a literature review
Authors: Dolibog Patrycja , Franek Andrzej , Brzezińska-Wcisło Ligia , Dolibog Paweł , Wróbel Beata , Arasiewicz Hubert , Chmielewska Daria 
Published: September 2018

Objective: The aim of our study is to present the current state of knowledge on the use of shockwave therapy (SWT) in the treatment of soft tissue wounds, by reviewing the available literature. Method: Medical databases were searched for articles using the keywords: ‘shockwave AND wound healing’, ‘shockwave AND ulcers’, ‘shockwave AND burns’, ‘shockwave AND bedsores’, ‘shockwave AND diabetic foot ulcer’, ‘ESWT AND wound healing’, ‘shock wave AND diabetic gangrene’. Results: A total of 14 scientific articles were included in the study which described the methodology of treatments and list the type of generator, physical parameters used during the procedure, number of treatments and the type of treated wounds. From these articles, 191 soft tissue wounds were analysed. Conclusion: Evidence from the articles analysed in this study suggests a beneficial effect of SWT to treat diabetic foot ulcers, venous leg ulcers, pressure ulcers and burns. SWT can be used in combination with standard treatment in soft tissue wounds.
Clinical andin vitroperformance of an antibiofilm Hydrofiber wound dressing
Authors: Scully Ruth , Hurlow Jennifer , Walker Mike , Metcalf Daniel , Parsons David , Bowler Philip 
Published: September 2018

Objective:To compare the clinical and in vitro performance of a next-generation antibiofilm silver dressing (NGAD) with an established antimicrobial dressing technology that was developed before the recognition of wound biofilm as a clinical challenge.Method:Real-life evaluations of challenging wounds managed previously with cadexomer iodine (CI) dressings followed by switching to NGAD were evaluated alongside electron, confocal and light microscopy images from a challenging, in vitro, exuding chronic wound model. Clinical case studies on the use of CI and NGAD dressings are presented to further explore the real-life evidence and in vitro findings.Results:We assessed 13 non-healing wounds that had been managed with protocols including CI dressings. After a median of four weeks, switching to the NGAD as primary dressing resulted in improvements in nine wounds and healing in two wounds, with associated improvements in wound bed appearance, while dressing usage was the same as or lower than before. The NGAD was observed to prevent the development of Staphylococcus aureus— Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm over three days, in contrast to the CI dressing, which appeared to support biofilm development once the active antimicrobial was exhausted from its carrier material. Clinical case studies exhibited this exhaustion as ‘whiting out’ of the dressing, with wound biofilm observed from samples taken following dressing use. Positive wound and patient outcomes were observed in two cases following the switch from a CI primary dressing to the NGAD, in highly exuding and infected wounds.Conclusion:Antimicrobial dressings may be effective against biofilm in some laboratory models, but their effectiveness as a wound dressings in protocols of care must be verified clinically.
Clinical assessment of a foam dressing containing growth factor-enhancing hydrated polyurethanes
Authors: Mikosiński Jacek , Kotala Marek , Stücker Markus , Twardowska-Saucha Krystyna , Bonnekoh Bernd , Pańczak Konrad , Aleksiejew-Kleszczyński Tomasz , Dissemond Joachim , Eming Sabine A. , Kaspar Daniela , Rousseau Anne , Bewert Johanna , Schröder Wiebke , Smola Hans 
Published: September 2018

Objective: This study assesses a novel dressing concept in venous leg ulcer (VLU) patients. It is based on boosting endogenous growth factor activities synthesised by functional granulation tissue. Methods: Patients received treatment for eight weeks with a hydrated polyurethane-containing foam dressing plus concomitant compression therapy. Wound area reduction (WAR), percentage of wounds achieving a relative WAR of ≥40% and ≥60%, wound pain ratings for the last 24 hours and at dressing changes, EQ-5D Quality of Life questionnaire data, dressing handling and safety parameters were recorded. Results: There were 128 patients who received treatment and data for 123 wound treatment courses were documented. Wound area size decreased from 13.3±9.8cm2 to 10.5±12.2cm2 at week eight and median relative WAR was 48.8%. At week eight, a relative WAR ≥40% was reached by 54.5% of the wounds, 41.5% reached a relative WAR of ≥60% and complete healing was observed in 13.5% of wounds. Median wound pain ratings (last 24 hours before dressing change) declined significantly from 30 to 15.5 (100 visual analogue scale [VAS], p=0.0001) and pain at dressing changes from 30 to 12.5 (p≤0.0001). The EQ-5D VAS rating increased from 58.4±19.2mm to 63.1±19.1mm (p=0.0059). Conclusion: This clinical assessment shows that the concept of boosting endogenous growth factors through hydrated polyurethanes has the potential to accelerate WAR in VLU patients while decreasing pain levels and improving quality of life parameters.
A clinical observation evaluation of bioactive soluble beta-glucan gel compared with standard care
Authors: Hunt Sharon D. 
Published: September 2018

Objective: Clinicians across all health-care settings are challenged daily by wounds that are slow or static in healing due to time constraints, reduced resources and the negative impact upon the patient's quality of life (QoL). Community settings are particularly challenging due to the varied environments, patient social, psychological and financial constraints, and multi-clinician wound care monitoring. The aim of this clinical evaluation is to clinically evaluate bioactive soluble beta-glucan gel (BSBG) on those wounds that have stalled at four weeks as an adjunct to normal standards of care. Method: A clinical observational evaluation was undertaken within a large community setting, reviewing patients who self-presented with stalled healing/chronic wounds, and the effects upon adding a BSBG gel twice a week for eight weeks as part of their set standard care. Formulary cleansing and dressing products were continued and results monitored by a designated clinician. All data was collected as part of the patient's normal wound review routine in relation to primary outcome of wound reduction with secondary outcomes relating to pain reduction, slough and necrosis reduction, exudate reduction and adverse events. Results: At six months, analysis of data demonstrated >2-times a higher rate of healing in chronic wounds with eight weeks' initial treatment and >4-times a higher rate of healing over six months in those patients with ulceration (PU, VLU, DFU). A reduction of per patient care cost saving was achieved across the treatment group compared with the standard care retrospective group. Conclusion: The administration of a wound healing gel within a moderate size cohort of patients presenting with chronic wounds resulted in improved wound reduction and significant cost savings.
Egypt’s watchdogs: Citizen journalism before, during and after the 2011 revolution
Authors: Hassan Rana 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Often, social perspectives of the Arab Revolution give a lot of credit to Facebook as the primary catalyst for political mobilization and citizen journalism. Although Facebook as a platform can be acclaimed for helping to shape this situation, this research argues that the role of Facebook is often exaggerated. In the context of this work, the ‘Arab Revolution’ refers to the period in which former President, Hosni Mubarak, was ousted from power in January 2011 and the term ‘revolution’ is not used to signal a radical transformation of society. Empirically, this article addresses the role of social media and in particular, Facebook, before, during and after this revolution. It examines the impact of this new technology on the rise of online social activism by investigating the effect of citizen journalism on forming public opinion, exploring the relationship between citizen journalism and the acceleration of the events that led to the Egyptian revolution. It also explores the impact of social media on citizen activism after the fall of Mubarak’s regime. In this case citizen journalism refers to the production of media content with the aim of changing public opinion. Empirical data for this research work were both qualitative and quantitative. Four hundred survey questionnaires were distributed to Facebook users to identify their usage before, during and after the 25 January Revolution to find out their views on social media activism and its impact on public opinion. The questionnaires covered the duration from June 2010 to June 2015. In addition, intensive interviews were conducted with media experts and political activists to gain a deeper insight of the role of citizen journalism in social change. Findings demonstrate that during the three stages of the Egyptian revolution, covered by this research, social media remained significant, albeit with a slight difference in its use by protesters. During the revolution, social media networks were primarily the outlets that Egyptians used to report local events to international media. The post revolution period has also witnessed an interest in social media networks. Facebook has made Egyptians more politically and socially conscious and encouraged them to participate in social and political events such as presidential and parliament elections. However, this research work reports that the use of such platforms does not seem to have had much impact on political change in Egypt during the last few years.
Ground State Solutions for Quasilinear Schrödinger Equations with Critical Growth and Lower Power Subcritical Perturbation
Authors: Deng Yinbin , Huang Wentao , Zhang Shen 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
We study the following generalized quasilinear Schrödinger equation:

-

(

g
2

⁢

(
u
)

⁢

∇
⁡
u

)

+

g
⁢

(
u
)

⁢

g
′

⁢

(
u
)

⁢

|

∇
⁡
u

|

2

+

V
⁢

(
x
)

⁢
u

=

h
⁢

(
u
)

,

x
∈

ℝ
N

,

-(g^{2}(u)\nabla u)+g(u)g^{\prime}(u)|\nabla u|^{2}+V(x)u=h(u),\quad x\in% \mathbb{R}^{N},

where

N
≥
3

{N\geq 3}

,

g
:

ℝ
→

ℝ
+

{g\colon\mathbb{R}\rightarrow\mathbb{R}^{+}}

is an even differentiable function such that

g
′

⁢

(
t
)

≥
0

{g^{\prime}(t)\geq 0}

for all

t
≥
0

{t\geq 0}

,

h
∈

C
1

⁢

(
ℝ
,
ℝ
)

{h\in C^{1}(\mathbb{R},\mathbb{R})}

is a nonlinear function including critical growth and lower power subcritical perturbation, and the potential

V
⁢

(
x
)

:

ℝ
N

→
ℝ

{V(x)\colon\mathbb{R}^{N}\rightarrow\mathbb{R}}

is positive. Since the subcritical perturbation does not satisfy the (AR) condition, the standard variational method cannot be used directly. Combining the change of variables and the monotone method developed by Jeanjean in [L. Jeanjean, On the existence of bounded Palais–Smale sequences and application to a Landesman–Lazer-type problem set on

𝐑
N

{\mathbf{R}}^{N}

, Proc. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh Sect. A 129 1999, 4, 787–809], we obtain the existence of positive ground state solutions for the given problem.
Laguerre–Freud equations associated with the D-Laguerre–Hahn forms of class one
Authors: Sghaier Mabrouk , Zaatra Mohamed , Khlifi Achraf 
Published: September 2018

AbstractWe give the system of Laguerre–Freud equations for the recurrence coefficients{\beta_{n}},{\gamma_{n+1}},{n\geq 0}, of orthogonal polynomials with respect to a D-Laguerre–Hahn form (linear functional) of class one. The system is solved in the case when{\beta_{0}=-\theta_{0}},{\beta_{n+1}=\theta_{n}-\theta_{n+1}}and{\gamma_{n+1}=-\theta_{n}^{2}}with{\theta_{n}\neq 0},{n\geq 0}. There are essentially three canonical cases.
Ten years of conservation efforts enhance seagrass cover and carbon storage in Thailand
Authors: Rattanachot Ekkalak , Stankovic Milica , Aongsara Supaphon , Prathep Anchana 
Published: September 2018

AbstractSeagrasses are known as engineering ecosystems that play important roles in coastal environments. Globally, seagrass areas have been declining, and many conservation projects have been carried out to prevent further decline. The goal of this work was to determine how successful conservation efforts have been in a seagrass meadow at Koh Tha Rai in the Nakhon Si Thammarat Province of southern Thailand in terms of meadow extent, coverage and organic carbon storage. A study was conducted in 2017 and compared to a previous study from 2006 to determine the effects of the various conservation efforts devoted to this area. The results show that the total seagrass area increased by 0.7 ha with a rate of increase of approximately 0.06 ha year−1. The total coverage of seagrass increased by approximately 3 times. The organic carbon in existing seagrass meadows (2006) was 53.35 Mg ha−1, while growth was 32.34 Mg ha−1in the areas of new seagrass. Moreover, the total organic carbon storage in the sediment increased by 26.86 MgC from 2006 to 2017 (from 211.60 MgC to 235.46 MgC). In conclusion, this study demonstrated the importance of successful conservation efforts in terms of increasing seagrass meadow areas, seagrass coverage and carbon storage within the meadow.
Crystal structure of (20S)-20-(dimethylamino)-3-(tigloylamino)-5α-pregn-2,16-dien-4-one, C28H42N2O2
Authors: Huo Shao-Jie , Wu Ji-Chun , He Xi-Chen , Wu Qi-Yun , Du Jiang 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
C28H42N2O2, monoclinic, P21 (no. 4), a = 12.679(3) Å, b = 6.9067(14) Å, c = 15.577(3) Å, β = 113.821(4)°, V = 1247.8(5) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0485, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1266, T = 173 K.
Crystal structure of (2Z,2′Z)-1,1′-(pyridine-2,6-diyl) bis(3-hydroxy-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-one), C23H17NO4
Authors: Weng Ai-Zhen , Quan Hai-Yuan , Wang Liu-Yang , She Dong-Mei , Mei Xiang-Dong 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
C23H17NO4, orthorhombic, P212121 (no. 29), a = 26.3525(8) Å, b = 3.88640(10) Å, c = 34.8871(10) Å, V = 3573.01(18) Å3, Z = 8, R
gt(F) = 0.0419, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1086, T = 180 K.
Beta-propeller protein-associated neurodegeneration (BPAN) as a genetically simple model of multifaceted neuropathology resulting from defects in autophagy
Authors: Hor Catherine Hong Huan , Tang Bor Luen 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Autophagy is an essential and conserved cellular homeostatic process. Defects in the core and accessory components of the autophagic machinery would most severely impact terminally differentiated cells, such as neurons. The neurodevelopmental/neurodegenerative disorder β-propeller protein-associated neurodegeneration (BPAN) resulted from heterozygous or hemizygous germline mutations/pathogenic variant of the X chromosome gene WDR45, encoding WD40 repeat protein interacting with phosphoinositides 4 (WIPI4). This most recently identified subtype of the spectrum of neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation diseases is characterized by a biphasic mode of disease manifestation and progression. The first phase involves early-onset of epileptic seizures, global developmental delay, intellectual disability and autistic syndrome. Subsequently, Parkinsonism and dystonia, as well as dementia, emerge in a subacute manner in adolescence or early adulthood. BPAN disease phenotypes are thus complex and linked to a wide range of other neuropathological disorders. WIPI4/WDR45 has an essential role in autophagy, acting as a phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate binding effector that participates in autophagosome biogenesis and size control. Here, we discuss recent updates on WIPI4’s mechanistic role in autophagy and link the neuropathological manifestations of BPAN’s biphasic infantile onset (epilepsy, autism) and adolescent onset (dystonic, Parkinsonism, dementia) phenotypes to neurological consequences of autophagy impairment that are now known or emerging in many other neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders. As monogenic WDR45 mutations in BPAN result in a large spectrum of disease phenotypes that stem from autophagic dysfunctions, it could potentially serve as a simple and unique genetic model to investigate disease pathology and therapeutics for a wider range of neuropathological conditions with autophagy defects.