bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Frailty is a risk factor for occupational falls among older workers: an internet-based prospective cohort study
Authors: Matsugaki Ryutaro , Fujino Yoshihisa , Zaitsu Masayoshi , Saeki Satoru , Matsuda Shinya , Ogami Akira 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Objectives: Occupational falls are a significant concern among older workers. Although recent cross-sectional studies have indicated a potential association between frailty and occupational falls among older workers, the causal relationship remains unclear. This longitudinal study aimed to investigate whether frailty is a risk factor for occupational falls among older workers using a longitudinal design.
Methods: This was an internet-based prospective cohort study. A total of 5000 older workers (aged 60-75 years) were recruited, with 2873 participants meeting the inclusion criteria for the follow-up survey. Frailty was assessed using a frailty screening index based on the Fried phenotype model. Occupational falls were defined as those that occurred during the follow-up period.
Results: Among the participants, 13.9% were frail. The incidence of occupational falls was higher in the frailty group (11.6%) than in the nonfrailty group (4.9%). In the multivariate-adjusted model, frailty was significantly associated with occupational falls (relative risk: 2.10; 95% CI, 1.51-2.94).
Conclusions: Frailty is a significant risk factor for occupational falls among older workers. Employers should consider implementing health-management strategies that focus on frailty to prevent occupational falls in this population.
World-oriented fieldwork in education. The case of writing (about) computers
Authors: Dejans Rembert , Simons Maarten , Masschelein Jan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This article examines how the practice of fieldwork can enable researchers to attend to the educational environment of the school in a world-oriented way, rather than take an explanatory or demystifying approach that spirals away from what happens in the world. Finding new ways and new vocabularies to approach educational realities gains a special urgency in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), a country whose social fabric is often analysed in terms of a lack: the Congolese state is considered weak or fragile and its education sector is seen as being in a deep learning crisis. Recent studies have successfully used fieldwork methods to explain the remarkable persistence of the DRC’s public education sector by ethnographically accounting for the ways it is governed on a political or bureaucratic level. We propose that fieldwork, understood as a world-oriented research practice, which instils in researchers a curiosity for the world, can also enable researchers to attend to those classroom gestures that safeguard the existence and persistence of Congolese schools on a pedagogical level.
Semiparametric Bayesian modelling of nonstationary joint extremes: How do big tech’s extreme losses behave?
Authors: de Carvalho Miguel , Palacios Ramirez Karla Vianey 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Motivated by the hype surrounding Artificial Intelligence (AI) and big tech stocks, we develop a model for tracking the dynamics of their combined extreme losses over time. Specifically, we propose a novel Bayesian model for inferring about the intensity of observations in the joint tail over time, and for assessing if two stochastic processes are asymptotically dependent. To model the intensity of observations exceeding a high threshold, we develop a Bayesian nonparametric approach that defines a prior on the space of what we define as Extremal Dependence Intensity functions. In addition, a parametric prior is set on the coefficient of tail dependence. An extensive battery of experiments on simulated data show that the proposed method are able to recover the true targets in a variety of scenarios. An application of the proposed methodology to a set of big tech stocks—known as FAANG (Meta’s Facebook, Apple, Amazon, Netflix and Alphabet’s Google)—sheds light on some interesting features on the dynamics of their combined losses over time.
Approach to skin problems in travellers: clinical and epidemiological clues
Authors: Wilder-Smith Annika B , Caumes Eric 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Rationale for Review
Travel-related skin problems are a common reason for healthcare consultations. We present a clinical approach to diagnosing skin diseases in travellers, emphasizing clinical examination and epidemiological clues such as travel history, incubation time and at-risk behaviours.

Key Findings
Skin problems or manifestations of systemic infections are the third most common health issue encountered by travellers, though their causes and frequency may vary based on the season and destination. The four most frequent skin conditions affecting travellers include arthropod bites, sunburns, hookworm-related cutaneous larva migrans (CLM) and bacterial skin and soft tissue infections. Dengue fever is the leading cause of febrile exanthema in travellers returning from Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean, while hookworm-related CLM is the most common cause of creeping dermatitis. Notable travel-related infections associated with pruritus include cercarial dermatitis, scabies, creeping dermatitis and urticaria. Acute schistosomiasis is the most common parasitic cause of acute urticaria in travellers. African tick-bite fever is the most frequently encountered rickettsiosis, typically presenting with single or multiple eschars.

Conclusions
Diagnostic approaches emphasize the importance of travel history, at-risk activities during travel and lesion distribution. At-risk activities include sun exposure, walking barefoot, exposure to sea and fresh water, hiking in forested or jungle areas, exposure frequency to mosquitoes and sandflies, poor hygiene and food intake, drug history and sexual behaviour. Morphological characteristics (vesicula, bullae, pustule, papule, nodule, plaque, oedema and ulcer), distinguishing between single and multiple skin lesions, localized or generalized, and whether mucosa, scalp, palmar or plantar surfaces are affected, provide further clinical clues. Systemic signs and symptoms such as fever and pruritus will aid in the differential diagnosis algorithms. With a thorough clinical assessment and knowledge of geographic and exposure-related risk factors, the differential diagnosis of travel-associated skin conditions can be narrowed down allowing for timely clinical management.
WOX1 controls leaf serration development via temporally restricting BRASSINAZOLE RESISTANT 1 and CUP SHAPED COTYLEDON 3 expression in Arabidopsis
Authors: Xu Lian , Fang Nimeng , Lu Ting , Tameshige Toshiaki , Nakata Miyuki T , Jiang Yuli , Tan Li , He Hai , Zhang Xuelin , Huang Yimei , Li Caiming , Yang Zhenbiao , Tang Wenxin , Nagawa Shingo 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Leaves have evolved shape diversity, ranging from simple leaves with a smooth margin to complicated shapes with toothed/serrated, lobed, and dissected leaves with leaflets. In the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana with simple leaves producing a serrated margin, boundary regulatory factor genes CUP SHAPED COTYLEDON 2 (CUC2) and CUC3 play important roles in promoting leaf initiation and maintenance of serration. Stem cell-related WUSCHEL-RELATED HOMEOBOX1 (WOX1) and PRESSED FLOWER (PRS)/WOX3 are also essential for leaf margin morphogenesis, but the role of WOX1 and PRS as well as the relationships between CUCs and WOXs for tooth development are unclear. In this study, we found that WOX1, but not PRS, prevents overproduction of number of teeth and excessive tooth size by limiting CUC3 expression to a moderate level in a temporally regulated manner. We also revealed that BRASSINAZOLE RESISTANT 1 (BZR1), a known regulator of plant development including boundary regions, is involved in WOX1 negative regulation of tooth development by repressing CUC3 expression during the initiation/early stage of tooth development. WOX1 parallelly limits BZR1 and CUC3 expression from the late stage of the first two teeth, while it restricts CUC3 activity in a BZR1-dependent manner from the initiation/early stage of subsequently developed teeth. This study uncovers a new mechanism for WOX1 in fine-tuning the leaf margin geometry.
Unveiling host–parasite relationships through conserved MITEs in prokaryote and viral genomes
Authors: Nadal-Molero Francisco , Rosselli Riccardo , Garcia-Juan Silvia , Campos-Lopez Alicia , Martin-Cuadrado Ana-Belen 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Transposable elements (TEs) play a pivotal role in the evolution of genomes across all life domains. ‘Miniature Inverted-repeat Transposable-Elements’ (MITEs) are non-autonomous TEs mainly located in intergenic regions, relying on external transposases for mobilization. The extent of MITEs’ mobilome was explored across nearly 1700 prokaryotic genera, 183 232 genomes, revealing a broad distribution. MITEs were identified in 56.5% of genomes, totaling over 1.4 million cMITEs (cellular MITEs). Cluster analysis revealed that 97.4% of cMITEs were specific within genera boundaries, with up to 23% being species-specific. Subsequently, this genus-specificity was evaluated as a method to link microbial host to their viruses. A total of 51 655 cMITEs had counterparts in viral sequences, termed vMITEs (viral MITEs), resulting in the identification of 2500 viral sequences with them. Among these, 1501 sequences were positively assigned to a previously known host (41.8% were isolated viruses and 12.3% were assigned through CRISPR data), while 379 new host–virus associations were predicted. Deeper analysis in Neisseria and Bacteroidota groups allowed the association of 242 and 530 new viral sequences, respectively. MITEs are proposed as a novel approach to establishing valid virus–host relationships.
Systematic analysis of the target recognition and repression by the Pumilio proteins
Authors: Farberov Svetlana , Ulitsky Igor 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
RNA binding proteins orchestrate the post-transcriptional fate of RNA molecules, but the principles of their action remain poorly understood. Pumilio (PUM) proteins bind 3′ UTRs of mRNAs and lead to mRNA decay. To comprehensively map the determinants of recognition of sequences by PUM proteins in cells and to study the binding outcomes, we developed a massively parallel RNA assay that profiled thousands of PUM-binding sites in cells undergoing various perturbations or RNA immunoprecipitation. By studying fragments from the NORAD long non-coding RNA, we find two features that antagonize repression by PUM proteins – G/C rich sequences, particularly those upstream of the PUM recognition element, and binding of FAM120A, which limits the repression elicited by PUM-binding sites. We also find that arrays of PUM sites separated by 8–12 bases offer particularly strong repression and use them to develop a particularly sensitive reporter for PUM repression. In contrast, PUM sites separated by shorter linkers, such as some of those found in NORAD, exhibit strong activity interdependence, likely mediated by competition between PUM binding and formation of strong secondary structures. Overall, our findings expand our understanding of the determinants of PUM protein activity in human cells.
VISTA Enhancer browser: an updated database of tissue-specific developmental enhancers
Authors: Kosicki Michael , Baltoumas Fotis A , Kelman Guy , Boverhof Joshua , Ong Yeongshnn , Cook Laura E , Dickel Diane E , Pavlopoulos Georgios A , Pennacchio Len A , Visel Axel 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Regulatory elements (enhancers) are major drivers of gene expression in mammals and harbor many genetic variants associated with human diseases. Here, we present an updated VISTA Enhancer Browser (https://enhancer.lbl.gov), a database of transgenic enhancer assays conducted in developing mouse embryos in vivo. Since the original publication in 2007, the database grew nearly 20-fold from 250 to over 4500 experiments and currently harbors over 23 500 images. The updated database provides structured information on experiments conducted at different stages of embryonic development, including enhancer activities of human pathogenic and synthetic variants and sequences derived from a variety of species. In addition to manually curated results of thousands of individual experiments, the new database also features hundreds of manually curated comparisons between alleles. The VISTA Enhancer Browser provides a crucial resource for study of human genetic variation, gene regulation and developmental biology.
Spatial pattern and differential expression analysis with spatial transcriptomic data
Authors: Qin Fei , Luo Xizhi , Lu Qing , Cai Bo , Xiao Feifei , Cai Guoshuai 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The emergence of spatial transcriptomic technologies has opened new avenues for investigating gene activities while preserving the spatial context of tissues. Utilizing data generated by such technologies, the identification of spatially variable (SV) genes is an essential step in exploring tissue landscapes and biological processes. Particularly in typical experimental designs, such as case-control or longitudinal studies, identifying SV genes between groups is crucial for discovering significant biomarkers or developing targeted therapies for diseases. However, current methods available for analyzing spatial transcriptomic data are still in their infancy, and none of the existing methods are capable of identifying SV genes between groups. To overcome this challenge, we developed SPADE for spatial pattern and differential expression analysis to identify SV genes in spatial transcriptomic data. SPADE is based on a machine learning model of Gaussian process regression with a gene-specific Gaussian kernel, enabling the detection of SV genes both within and between groups. Through benchmarking against existing methods in extensive simulations and real data analyses, we demonstrated the preferred performance of SPADE in detecting SV genes within and between groups. The SPADE source code and documentation are publicly available at https://github.com/thecailab/SPADE.
Policy Actions Required to Improve Nutrition for Brain Health
Authors: Higgs Suzanne , Aarts Kristien , Adan Roger A H , Buitelaar Jan K , Cirulli Francesca , Cryan John F , Dickson Suzanne L , Korosi Aniko , van der Beek Eline M , Dye Louise 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Brain health is a pressing global concern. Poor diet quality is a recognized major environmental risk factor for brain disorders and one of the few that is modifiable. There is substantial evidence that nutrition impacts brain development and brain health across the life course. So why then is the full potential of nutrition not utilized to improve brain function? This commentary, which is based on discussions of the European Brain Research Area BRAINFOOD cluster, aims to highlight the most urgent research priorities concerning the evidence base in the area of nutrition and brain health and identifies 3 major issues that need to be addressed: (1) increase causal and mechanistic evidence on the link between nutrition and brain health, (2) produce effective messages/education concerning the role of food for brain health, and (3) provide funding to support collaborative working across diverse stakeholders.
Long-term safety of selpercatinib for Rearranged during transfection (RET)-activated advanced solid tumors in LIBRETTO-001: differing patterns of adverse events over time
Authors: Raez Luis E , Massey Ashish C , Barker Scott S , Peterson Patrick M , Liming Katherine , Pennell Nathan A 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Selpercatinib is a selective RET inhibitor approved for treatment of RET-activated cancers. Adverse events (AEs) are manageable with dose modifications. This post hoc analysis characterized selpercatinib’s clinical safety profile after long-term follow-up in the safety population of LIBRETTO-001.

Patients and Methods
LIBRETTO-001 is an ongoing phase I/II, single-arm, open-label trial (NCT03157128). Eligible patients were ≥18 years old with diagnosis of advanced/metastatic RET fusion-positive solid tumor, RET-mutant medullary thyroid cancer, or other RET-activated tumors. In phase I, patients received selpercatinib 20 mg QD or 20-240 mg BID; patients in phase II received 160 mg BID. The analyzed population comprised all patients who received ≥1 selpercatinib dose and were followed up until data cutoff (January 13, 2023).

Results
For the 837 patients, median follow-up was 45.4 months (95% CI, 44.5-46.6); median time on treatment was 30.1 months (range 0.1-66.8). Grade ≥3 treatment-emergent AEs (TEAEs) were reported in 76.2% of patients; most common events were hypertension (19.7%), ALT increased (11.8%), and hyponatremia (9.2%). Serious TEAEs were reported in 51.4% of patients. Most frequently reported any-grade AEs at &lt;6 months of treatment were fatigue (36.6%), dry mouth (32.8%), and ALT increased (30.5%); at ≥24 months of treatment, these were edema (63.2%), diarrhea (60.7%), and fatigue (53.0%). Selpercatinib-related TEAEs leading to reduced dosage were reported in 39.3%, those leading to treatment interruption were reported in 47.1%, and those leading to discontinuation were reported in 4.3% of patients.

Conclusion
Long-term treatment with selpercatinib is feasible. AEs are manageable with dose modifications, allowing most patients to continue safely on therapy.
Therapeutic targeting of the protein tyrosine kinase-7 in cancer: an overview
Authors: Mottard Kim , Cokaiko Julie , Rogister Bernard , Neirinckx Virginie 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
The protein tyrosine kinase-7 (PTK7) is an evolutionarily conserved transmembrane receptor that has emerged as a potential therapeutic target for human tumors. PTK7 is a pseudokinase that is involved in the modulation of the Wnt signaling pathway through interactions with other receptors. These interactions result in targeted gene activation that regulates cell polarity, migration, and proliferation during embryogenesis. Aside of this role during development, PTK7 has been shown as overexpressed in numerous cancers including colon carcinoma, leukemia, neuroblastoma, hepatoma, and ovarian cancer. The activity of PTK7 and the direct correlation with poor prognosis have fostered preclinical investigations and phase I clinical trials, aiming at inhibiting PTK7 and inducing antitumoral effects. In this review, we provide an exhaustive overview of the diverse approaches that use PTK7 as a new molecular target for cancer therapy in different tumor types. We discuss current therapies and future strategies including chimeric antigen receptor-T cells, antibody-drug conjugates, aptamers, based on up-to-date literature and ongoing research progress.
Clinical value of comprehensive genomic profiling on clinical trial enrollment for patients with advanced solid tumors
Authors: Huang Richard S P , Lee Jessica K , Lofgren Katherine T 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The use of biomarker testing to inform treatment decisions has emerged as a standard of care in multiple cancer types. However, the rates of patients with genomic testing results in hand to inform treatment decision-making remain variable. Here, we studied the impact of comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) on clinical trial enrollment rates in patients with advanced-stage non-small cell lung, colorectal, breast, and prostate cancer using a real-world clinicogenomic database. On average, clinical trial enrollment in the therapy line immediately after CGP report receipt was 5.4%, which represents a 3.0 percentage point increase compared to therapy lines preceding CGP report receipt, supporting a meaningful association between CGP report availability and increased clinical trial enrollment.
House Prices and Rents
Authors: Fama Eugene F , French Kenneth R 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Variation in monthly metro area house prices unrelated to expected rents clouds the information about future rents in price-rent ratios and lagged changes in house prices. The variation in house prices unrelated to expected rents is, however, correlated across areas, and the problem is mitigated by measuring rent growth regression variables net of their monthly cross-section (across-area) means. This control for price variation unrelated to expected rents substantially enhances the information about future rents that we extract from price-rent ratios and lagged changes in house prices.
Language, Motor Ability and Related Deficits in Children at Familial Risk of Schizophrenia or Bipolar Disorder
Authors: Schiavon Marta , Burton Birgitte K , Hemager Nicoline , Greve Aja N , Spang Katrine S , Ellersgaard Ditte , Plessen Kerstin Jessica , Jepsen Jens Richardt M , Thorup Anne A E , Werge Thomas , Nordentoft Merete , Nudel Ron 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
It is known that impairments in linguistic ability and motor function tend to co-occur in children, and that children from families with parental mental illness such as schizophrenia tend to perform poorly in both domains, but the exact nature of these links has not yet been fully elucidated.

Design
In this study, we leveraged the first wave of the Danish High Risk and Resilience Study (VIA 7), which includes both genetic data and measures covering multiple developmental domains. The VIA 7 cohort comprises 522 7-year-old children born to parents with schizophrenia (N = 202), bipolar disorder (N = 120) or neither (N = 200). We investigated the relationships between linguistic ability and motor function using correlation and regression analyses, focusing on developmental coordination disorder (DCD) and specific language impairment (SLI) and their potential associations with the three risk groups.

Results
We found significant correlations between most measures of language and motor function and significant associations of DCD and SLI with language and movement measures, respectively, the largest effect being that of DCD on receptive language, with a significant interaction effect: DCD was associated with poorer performance in children from schizophrenia families compared to bipolar disorder and control families. Both disorders showed higher prevalence among children with familial high risk of mental illness. We did not find significant evidence of genetic overlap between DCD and SLI.

Conclusions
Our results suggest strong links between the domains of motor function and linguistic ability. Children of parents with schizophrenia are at high risk of comorbid language and movement disorders.
Science diplomacy in the European and Latin American and Caribbean research infrastructure collaboration
Authors: Lima-Toivanen Maria , Kulju Minna , Sanchez Nieminen Giovanna , Martins Jorge Tiago , Moraes Dos Santos André 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Research infrastructures (RIs) are crucial for scientific progress, innovation, and global development, necessitating international collaboration due to their complexity and cost. Science diplomacy (SD) plays a vital role in facilitating policy design, resource pooling, and governance for effective collaboration in RIs. Multinational cooperation in RIs provides financial relief and access to advanced technology and promotes cutting-edge research, benefiting scientific development and socioeconomic growth. This article explores the role of SD in European-Latin American and Caribbean (EU-LAC) RI collaboration, underscoring the importance of diverse and equitable inter-RI collaboration. The study addresses challenges in EU-LAC collaboration, emphasizing the unequal development of RIs and the need for political support. Through interpretive policy studies and stakeholder interviews, the research contributes to formulating an ideal type and a feasible scenario for sustainable collaboration, discussing policy implications and highlighting the pivotal role of SD in successful international RI partnerships.