bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Medical Xenophobia: The Voices of Women Refugees in Durban, Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa
Authors: Munyaneza Yvonne , Mhlongo Euphemia Mbali 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACTBackgroundWomen refugees are mostly affected due to their specific needs for reproductive health services. In their attempt to utilize reproductive health care services, women refugees face medical xenophobia by the health care professionals. Upon their arrival in South Africa, refugee women do not undergo any screening, and this exposes them to health risks making them more prone to all different types of diseases, as many of them are survivors of rape and other acts of sexual violence.ObjectiveThe aim of the study was to describe the voices of women refugees regarding reproductive health services in public health institutions in Durban KwaZulu-NatalMethodsA qualitative, descriptive design was used. Data was collected through face-to-face interviews with eight women refugees living in Durban, KwaZulu-Natal. Thematic content analysis guided the study.ResultsTwo main themes emerged from the data: negative experiences/challenges, and positive experiences. The negative experiences included medical xenophobia and discrimination, language barrier, unprofessionalism, failure to obtain consent and lack of confidentiality, ill-treatment, financial challenges, internalised fear, religious and cultural domination, the shortage of health personnel and overcrowding of public hospitals. The positive experiences included positive treatment, care and social support.ConclusionThe study concluded that discrimination and medical xenophobia remain a challenge for women refugees seeking reproductive health services in public health institutions in Durban, KwaZulu-Natal.
Adenine DNA methylation, 3D genome organization and gene expression in the parasiteTrichomonas vaginalis
Authors: Lizarraga Ayelen , O’Brown Zach Klapholz , Boulias Konstantinos , Roach Lara , Greer Eric Lieberman , Johnson Patricia J. , Strobl-Mazzulla Pablo H. , de Miguel Natalia 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACTTrichomonas vaginalisis a common sexually transmitted parasite that colonizes the human urogenital tract causing infections that range from asymptomatic to highly inflammatory. Recent works have highlighted the importance of histone modifications in the regulation of transcription and parasite pathogenesis. However, the nature of DNA methylation in the parasite remains unexplored. Using a combination of immunological techniques and UHPLC, we analyzed the abundance of DNA methylation in strains with differential pathogenicity demonstrating that N6-methyladenine (6mA), and not 5-methylcytosine (5mC), is the main DNA methylation mark inT. vaginalis. Genome-wide distribution of 6mA reveals that this mark is enriched at intergenic regions, with a preference for certain super-families of DNA transposable elements. We show that 6mA inT. vaginalisis associated with silencing when present on genes. Interestingly, bioinformatics analysis revealed the presence of transcriptionally active or repressive intervals flanked by 6mA-enriched regions and results from chromatin conformation capture (3C) experiments suggest these 6mA flanked regions are in close spatial proximity. These associations were disrupted when parasites were treated with the demethylation activator ascorbic acid. This finding revealed a new role for 6mA in modulating 3D chromatin structure and gene expression in this divergent member of the Excavata.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTTrichomonas vaginaliscauses the most common non-viral sexually transmitted infection yet little is known about the regulation of gene expression in this eukaryotic parasite. We demonstrate that N6-methyladenine (6mA) is the main methylation mark in theT. vaginalisgenome. 6mA is widespread in DNA of eubacterial genera, but uncommon in genomes of most eukaryotes. Examination of the genome-wide distribution of 6mA reveals a preference for intergenic regions. Transcriptionally active or repressive intervals are found to be flanked by 6mA-enriched regions and data suggest 6mA flanked regions are in close 3D spatial proximity. Our findings describe for the first time the presence of DNA methylation inT. vaginalisand reveal a new role for 6mA in modulating 3D chromatin architecture.
The nature and extent of healthy architecture: the current state of progress
Authors: Rice Louis 
Published: April 2019

Purpose
The design of the built environment is a determinant of health. Accordingly, there is an increasing need for greater harmonization of the architectural profession and public health. However, there is a lack of knowledge on whether designers of the built environment are changing their practices to deliver healthier urban habitats. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
The research uses a multi-method approach to data analysis, including: systematic mapping study, structured review and thematic analysis.

Findings
The research finds that there are almost no requirements for the compulsory inclusion of health across institutions and agencies that have the power to execute and mandate the scope of architectural profession, training, education, practice or knowledge. Despite the urgent need for action and the myriad entreatments for greater integration between architecture and health, there is very little evidence progress.

Practical implications
The research has implications for the architectural profession and architectural education. Health and well-being is not currently an integral part of the educational or professional training requirements for architects. University educational curriculum and Continuing Professional Development criteria need to better integrate health and well-being into their knowledge-base.

Social implications
The design of the built environment is currently undertaken by an architectural profession that lacks specialized knowledge of health and well-being. There is a risk to society of environments that fail to adequately protect and promote the health and well-being of its inhabitants.

Originality/value
The research evidences, for the first time, the lack of integration of “health and wellbeing” within the architecture profession training or education systems.
Recycling cooperation and buying status
Authors: Costa Pinto Diego , Maurer Herter Márcia , Rossi Patrícia , Meucci Nique Walter , Borges Adilson 
Published: April 2019

PurposeThis study aims to reconcile previous research that has provided mixed results regarding motivation for sustainable behaviors: pure altruism (cooperation) or competitive altruism (status). Drawing on evolutionary altruism and identity-based motivation, the authors propose that a match between pure (competitive) altruism and individualistic (collectivistic) identity goals enhance consumers’ motivations to engage in recycling (green buying).Design/methodology/approachThree experimental studies show how pure and competitive altruism are associated with specific sustainable consumption (Study 1) and how altruism types should be matched with identity goals to motivate sustainable consumption (Studies 2 and 3).FindingsStudy 1 shows that pure altruism is associated with recycling but not with green buying. Studies 2 and 3 show that pure (competitive) altruism and individualistic (collectivistic) goals lead to higher recycling (green buying) intentions.Research limitations/implicationsThe present research extends previous findings by showing that pure and competitive are indeed associated with specific sustainable behaviors. The authors suggest that the interaction between motives and identity goals can lead to a greater impact on recycling and green buying intentions.Practical implicationsPublic policymakers and companies will benefit by better understanding how specific combinations of altruism types and identity goals can foster recycling or green buying intentions.Originality/valueThis research is the first to show how matches between pure and competitive altruism types and individualistic and collectivistic identity goals affect consumers’ motivations to engage in recycling and green buying.
The effect of morphological form variation on adult first language incidental vocabulary acquisition through reading
Authors: Reynolds Barry Lee 
Published: April 2019

PurposeThis study aims to investigate the effects of word internal morphological form variation on adult first language (L1) (n= 20) incidental vocabulary acquisition through reading.Design/methodology/approachParticipants were given a 37,611-token English novel containing pseudo words, placed throughout the text by the novelist. Two unexpected vocabulary assessments were administered at the completion of the reading task.FindingsResults showed statistically significant effects for morphological form variation, with the readers having incidentally acquired more words whose tokens did not vary in form (i.e. no exposure to inflectional or derivational variants). However, a large effect size was present only for low-frequency words (two-four exposures).Originality/valueDiscussion of the results is given regarding the feasibility of enhancing adult L1 college readers’ morphological awareness through extensive reading and attention-drawing tasks.
Artisan, cultural and tourism entrepreneurship
Authors: Ratten Vanessa , Costa Carlos , Bogers Marcel 
Published: April 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to focus on emerging research avenues for artisan entrepreneurship. The key findings of the articles in the special journal issue are discussed in terms of potential research issues that need to be discussed in future work.

Design/methodology/approach
An overview of the main themes of artisan entrepreneurship in terms of cultural and tourism perspectives is undertaken. This helps to establish artisan entrepreneurship as a new and emerging field of entrepreneurship studies.

Findings
There is more interest in artisan entrepreneurship due to its role in revitalizing economies and placing emphasis on cultural heritage and traditions.

Originality/value
This paper will provide directions for future research on artisan, cultural and tourism entrepreneurship.
The relationship between investments in lean practices and operational performance
Authors: Onofrei George , Prester Jasna , Fynes Brian , Humphreys Paul , Wiengarten Frank 
Published: April 2019

PurposePrior research has shown that operational intellectual capital (OIC) and investments in lean practices (ILP) lead to better operational performance. However, there have been no empirical studies on the synergetic effects between OIC components and ILP. More specifically, the question – can the efficacy of ILP be increased through OIC? – has not been studied. Accordingly, the purpose of this paper is to report the empirical results of potential synergetic effects between OIC, as a knowledge-based resource, and ILP.Design/methodology/approachThe empirical data used for this study were drawn from the fifth round of the Global Manufacturing Research Group survey project (with data collected from 528 manufacturing plants). The hypotheses are empirically tested using three ordinary least square (OLS) models.FindingsThe authors’ findings highlight the importance of leveraging a system of complementary knowledge-based resources (OIC dimensions) and addresses the need for the reformulation of lean theory in terms of the emergent knowledge-based view of the firm. The results facilitate greater understanding of the complex relationship between ILP and operational performance. Building on the contribution of Menoret al.(2007), the authors argue that OIC represents a strategic knowledge-based resource that is valuable, hard to imitate or substitute and, when leveraged effectively, generates superior operational and competitive advantage.Practical implicationsFrom a managerial standpoint, this study provides guidelines for managers on how to leverage OIC to enhance the efficacy of ILP. The authors argue that firms consider investing in OIC to increase the return from ILP, which, in turn, will enhance their operational performance and provide competitive advantage. The authors findings provide strong evidence of the importance of human, social and structural capital to enhance the efficacy of ILP.Originality/valueThis is the first research paper that extends the application of the intellectual capital theory in lean literature, and argues that the OIC contributes to the efficacy of ILP. The analysis facilitates greater understanding of the complex relationship between OIC dimensions, ILP and operational performance.
The impact of ICT-diffusion on government effectiveness: what role for cultural practices?
Authors: Kalu Kalu N. 
Published: April 2019

Purpose
Based on data collected over a 15 year period (2000–2015) for 89 countries selected across nine geopolitical regions of the world, the purpose of this paper is to explore the role of economic development and the Hofstede index of national cultures in influencing level of government effectiveness and ICT diffusion; as well as the impact of ICT diffusion on government effectiveness. The level of economic development and a country’s ranking on the E-government index were found significant in explaining ICT diffusion and level of government effectiveness, respectively. But the findings also indicate that only the cultural factors such as Indulgence and long-term orientation (LTO) were quite significant in explaining level of government of effectiveness and ICT diffusion, respectively. The findings conclude that while some cultural factors may provide partial explanations for a country’s level of government effectiveness or ICT diffusion, but for other cultural elements, the path of influence is still unclear and at best debatable. Hence, in light of the growing emphasis placed on it in the literature, the effect of culture is limited and may have been overstated. ICT diffusion, while a necessary tool for administrative efficiency, is only but one piece of a larger puzzle and should be developed in consideration of and in the context of a broader framework of economic development, institutional design and behavioral practices.

Design/methodology/approach
This study examines how existing ICT diffusion and infrastructures among a set of 89 countries spread across nine world geopolitical zones has been able to improve their government effectiveness – as measured by their relative scores or rankings on the global “government effectiveness index” over a 15 year period (2000–2015); and also how specific cultural factors may influence the level of ICT diffusion. Drawing data from the United Nations e-Government knowledge database, the United Nations Development Program, the GlobalEconomy.com, as well as other socio-demographic sources, I examine key and associated indicators that influence information technology diffusion and its contributory effects on level of government effectiveness; as well as the impact of national cultures on ICT diffusion.

Findings
Overall, the finding from this analysis point to the fact that only two of the Hofstede national culture variables were significant (LTO and Indulgence). The other four national culture variables (Power Distance, Individualism, Masculinity/Femininity and Uncertainty Avoidance) were not. Indulgence has a negative effect on level of government effectiveness, while LTO has a positive effect on ICT diffusion. The other culture variables were not significant in any of the regression models, but they seem to congregate much closer to or around the mean.

Originality/value
This is the only work of its kind that has utilized the seven Hofstede indicators to test for the relationship between culture and technology over a long period of 15 years.
Determinants of collaboration between digital volunteer networks and formal response organizations in catastrophic disasters
Authors: Park Chul Hyun , Johnston Erik 
Published: April 2019

PurposeWhen catastrophic disasters recently occurred, digital volunteer networks formed by the public emerged across the globe. They aggregated, analyzed and visualized disaster data. Those volunteer networks sometimes shared their data with formal response organizations. Such data sharing and integration increased the capacity of formal response organizations for dealing with disasters. However, despite the emergence and contributions of digital volunteer networks, the literature has been focused primarily on the role of formal response organizations such as emergency management agencies and the Red Cross. The purpose of this paper is to describe how technical and organizational factors influence collaboration between digital volunteer networks and formal response organizations.Design/methodology/approachThis research employs a case study method, focusing on the 2015 Nepal earthquake.FindingsThis study found that information technology and a shared understanding of disaster situations and how to address disasters are key determinants of collaboration between digital volunteer networks and formal response organizations.Originality/valueThis research is expected to contribute to building an integrated emergency response system in the information age.
Numerical investigation of elastohydrodynamic contacts subjected to harmonic load variation
Authors: Abd Alsamieh Mohamed 
Published: April 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to study the behavior of elastohydrodynamic contacts subjected to forced harmonic vibrations including the effect of changing various working parameters such as frequency, load amplitude and entrainment speed.

Design/methodology/approach
The time-dependent Reynolds equation is solved using the Newton–Raphson technique. The film thickness and pressure distribution are obtained at every time step by simultaneous solution of the Reynolds equation and film thickness equation including elastic deformation.

Findings
The frequency of vibration, load amplitude and entrainment speed are directly related to the film thickness perturbation, which is formed during load increasing phase of the cycle. The film thickness formed during load increasing phase is larger than that formed during load decreasing phase with larger deviation at a higher frequency or load amplitude and vice versa for lower frequency or load amplitude. The entrainment speed of the contact has an opposite effect to that of the frequency of vibration or load amplitude.

Originality/value
Physical explanations for the behavior of elastohydrodynamic contact subjected to forced harmonic vibration are presented in this paper for various working parameters of frequency, load amplitude and entrainment speed.
Outsourcing of humanitarian logistics to commercial logistics service providers
Authors: Falagara Sigala Ioanna , Wakolbinger Tina 
Published: April 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to empirically explore the potential of outsourcing of humanitarian logistics activities to commercial logistics service providers (LSPs) throughout the different disaster phases. The authors identify incentives for initiating outsourcing of humanitarian logistics activities to commercial logistics providers, humanitarian logistics activities to be outsourced and selection criteria for partners.Design/methodology/approachThis study is based on empirical data collected by interviewing 12 practitioners from commercial LSPs and 12 practitioners from humanitarian organizations (HOs). A review of related literature guided this research.FindingsThis research shows that incentives for initiating outsourcing engagements, partner selection criteria and activities to be outsourced are changing throughout the different disaster phases. A number of research propositions are presented.Research limitations/implicationsThis research constitutes a first step towards the goal of a comprehensive analysis of humanitarian logistics outsourcing throughout the different disaster phases. The authors collected data from practitioners and large organizations based mainly in Europe and the USA. Hence, insights from national and local organizations of other parts of the world are missing.Practical implicationsThis research provides a deeper understanding of outsourcing of humanitarian logistics activities. As the main implication for practice, the research suggests a strategic use of outsourcing during the three disaster phases. The authors acknowledge that business objectives, risks, stakeholder agendas and requirements, as well as costs play a vital and changing role for outsourcing decision-making during the three disaster stages. The managerial implications arising from the research can provide support to commercial LSPs and HOs that initiate or develop strategic outsourcing relationships.Originality/valueThis study covers the gap in the humanitarian literature related to context-specific factors of outsourcing in humanitarian logistics by empirically investigating the phenomenon. This is one of the first studies that empirically investigate the potential of outsourcing of humanitarian logistics activities throughout the disaster phases.
Redesigning the model of the initiation and evolution of inter-firm knowledge transfer in R&D relationships
Authors: Galati Francesco , Bigliardi Barbara 
Published: April 2019

PurposeStarting from the model of the initiation and evolution of inter-firm knowledge transfer in R&D relationships developed by Faems et al. (2007), the purpose of this paper is to refine and improve this model, assessing its reliability in a different and wider context and extending it according to the outcomes.Design/methodology/approachA multiple case-study approach was implemented, examining 34 dyadic inter-firm R&D relationships. This methodology suited the research goal of exploring the validity of a model in an area where little data or theory exists.FindingsThe theoretical model proposed by Faemset al.(2007) was improved, confirming the adequacy of the overall structure of their intuition and highlighting several differences in terms of factors that lead to the dissolution of R&D relationships. These differences mainly refer to partners’ similarities before starting R&D relationships, co-opetition situations, knowledge leakage/opportunistic behavior and reputation issues.Originality/valueThis work is the first to investigate two open research gaps related to the model of the initiation and evolution of inter-firm knowledge transfer in R&D relationships: the need for additional case studies in other contexts to develop a more general theory and the lack of research incorporating issues such as relational capital between partners, governance form and alliance scope in an integrated analysis.