bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Robust double encryption and watermarking algorithms for color watermark images
Authors: Ma Jian-Zhe , Yang Yu-Guang , Jiang Dong-Hua , Liao Xin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Current digital watermarking technologies mainly focus on the imperceptibility and robustness of watermark embedding, while the security of watermarking images is also worth further research. Considering nonlinear characteristics and the integration structure of storage and computation, memristors can be introduced into encryption algorithms to improve the effect of encryption. The paper proposes a double encryption algorithm for color watermark images based on MCNN (Memristive Cellular Neural Networks) and Arnold transform, generates chaotic sequences for watermark image encryption by introducing memristors to the CNN (Cellular Neural Networks) to construct MCNN, scrambles the images using the Arnold transform to achieve the double encryption of pixel values and pixel positions, and enhances the security of the watermark images. Adopting the SE (Spectral Entropy) complexity algorithm optimizes the parameters of MCNN, and improves the performance of the double encryption algorithm. The embedding and extraction of the encrypted watermark image is realized by the algorithm combining CT (Contourlet Transform) and SVD (Singular Value Decomposition), which enhances the ability to resist common attacks such as compression and rotation attacks. Experiment results show the proposed algorithms can better maintain the quality of the color watermark images, break the statistical characteristics of the original images, and the generated key has good randomness. In addition, the presented algorithms are highly sensitive to the key, and improve the ability to resist statistical attacks, differential attacks, exhaustive attacks and common image attacks with good security, robustness and imperceptibility.
ICRF resonance cones in the low-density scrape-off-layer of ASDEX Upgrade
Authors: Paulus Felix , Bobkov Volodymyr , Faugel Helmut , Fünfgelder Helmut , Girka Oleksii , Grenfell Gustavo , Ochoukov Roman , Tierens Wouter , Zohm Hartmut ,   the ASDEX Upgrade Team
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The ICRF slow wave is a potential carrier for parallel RF electric fields known to cause unwanted plasma-wall interactions in magnetic confinement fusion experiments. In nowadays machines the slow wave is usually confined to the far scrape-off layer or the limiter shadow, but conditions in future experiments and reactors may allow the slow wave to be propagative in a larger region. Simulations with RAPLICASOL for various geometries show that the ICRF slow waves appear as the so-called resonance cones (RCs) characterized by large localized electric fields. The RCs emerge from the points along the plasma-antenna interface where (in the cold plasma approximation) the radio frequency electric field diverges. We demonstrate that in the parameter range of interest, the propagation of the RCs in a plasma with a density gradient is defined by a simple geometric model, using the local plasma density and the frequency as input parameters. In the context of experiments at ASDEX Upgrade, simulations illustrate that the RCs can emerge from a single tile of the ICRF antenna limiter. Experiments at the Ion-cyclotron System Hardware Test ARrangement (ISHTAR) were conducted to test the detection principle in a simple environment. In agreement with simulations and with predicted characteristics which depend on operation parameters, the RCs are excited by an RF antenna and propagate through the relatively homogeneous plasma in ISHTAR. The cones are detected at a distance from the antenna using two probes scanning through the plasma. In ASDEX Upgrade, a single tile of an antenna limiter was modified to launch RF power into a specially tailored low-density scrape-off layer. Probes at the mid-plane manipulator were then used to detect the wave electric fields at a distance from the RF source. The detected RF signals show that the signal maxima are located close to the lower hybrid resonance density and are highest when the source and the probes are connected along magnetic field lines. These observations agrees with the model for RCs from the simulations.
Reliability Allocation of Compression Packer Based on Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process Method
Authors: Cao Mingchen , Yue Hui , Pang Wei 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The packer is a key component of the downhole sealing system during well completion stage, and its sealing reliability is directly related to the effectiveness of the downhole sealing system. The reliability assignment of the packer should meet the multi-level and multi-factor requirements, and it has the coexistence of quantity and quality analysis. Thus, how to achieve the reasonable reliability allocation of the packer is very important. This article introduced the reliability allocation for a typical compression packer based on the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) method. The structure of analytic hierarchy process for compression packer’s reliability allocation was established, which include the target layer, criterion layer and object layer. To quantitatively calculate the weights of the main part of the compression packer system, the FAHP method was performed, which consist of the sealing unit, anchoring unit, locking and anti-retreat unit, seating unit, unseating unit and anti-open unit. The three-scale judgment matrix scale was conducted to make the fuzzy consistency matrix meet the consistency conditions. Based on the weight analysis results and the preset reliability, the reliability allocation of the compression packer system was performed. The obtained distribution results satisfy the preset requirements and consistent with the actual operation of the packer, which proves the feasibility and validity of FAHP method. The proposed method reasonably solves fuzzy decision-making problem in the process of reliability allocation, and provides an efficient and reasonable way for the reliability allocation of the packer.
Geological characteristics and seismic identification of reservoirs in the Colorado Basin off the Atlantic coast of Argentina
Authors: Bian Hai-guang , Wen Zhi-xin , Han Tao , Song Cheng-peng , Wang Xue-ling 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The Colorado Basin is a hot exploration frontier basin conjugated with the southwest coast of Africa which has undergone four evolutionary stages: Carboniferous-Jurassic pre-rift, Jurassic-Early Cretaceous rift, Late Cretaceous transition and passive marginal drift since Paleocene. Major oil and gas discoveries have been made in the conjugated Orange Basin in recent years, including the Graff field and Venus field discovered in 2022 with recoverable reserves of 550 Mboe and 2.3 Bboe, respectively. This indicates that the basin has good oil and gas exploration potential. Based on the analysis of drilling data and seismic data, it is concluded that the basin has a mature oil-gas generation system and better reservoir conditions. The pre-rift and syn-rift source rocks are confirmed by 5 Wells with oil and gas shows in the shallow water shelf, and all have entered the hydrocarbon generation threshold. Reservoir distribution and trap-sealing conditions have become key factors in oil and gas exploration. this paper describes the reservoir characteristics in the drilling data, and extrapolates the seismic reflection characteristics of the same strata, and predicts the reservoir distribution in the unexplored area of the basin. The reservoir lithology and sedimentary facies are analyzed based on the gamma logging curves. Reservoir identification and reasonable prediction on seismic profile are mainly determined by seismic reflection amplitude and horizon calibration. The basin has three sets of reservoirs, namely, pre-rift Permian underwater fan sandstone, Lower Cretaceous alluvial fan sandstone of syn-rift period and Upper Cretaceous Colorado Formation shallow marine sandstone of transitional period. Among them, Colorado Formation sandstone reservoir has the best physical property conditions, with a maximum porosity of 32% and a thickness of 1000m. The Cretaceous and Paleogene turbidite sandstone of slope fan facies are potential reservoir in the deep waters, which mainly form litho-stratigraphic traps in the continental slope.
Application and Enlightenment of High Frequency Pressure Monitoring in Fracturing of Fengxi Block
Authors: Lin Hai , Huang Qijun , Guo Delong , Zhang Chengjuan , Ma Bin , Feng Xinyuan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Volumetric fracturing of large-scale horizontal Wells is one of the important techniques for unconventional oil and gas production. However, there are no effective quantitative methods to describe key parameters such as fracture size and formation flow parameters. The high frequency pressure monitoring technology is to install a high frequency pressure gauge at the wellhead, and obtain the fracture initiation position and the sealing property of the bridge plug through monitoring and analysis of the water hammer wave during the period of pump shutdown. At the same time, the fracturing scale, permeability and the original formation pressure are obtained by combining the analysis of seepage pressure. On the basis of quantitative monitoring results, the relationship between fracture parameters and geological and engineering factors is deeply analyzed, and the following conclusions are obtained. (1) The number of fractures opened is mainly affected by the physical properties of the reservoir, which in turn affects the amount of liquid intake and sand of the single cluster opened, and finally affects the length and height of fractures in the core area. (2) The fracture morphology is affected by the construction scale and reservoir mechanical properties of a single cluster, while the SRV of the core area and the overall SRV are more affected by the overall construction scale.
Study on the Variation Rule of Solubility of Common Scaling under High Temperature and High Pressure Conditions
Authors: Zhou Fei , Liu Jian-Yi , Jiang Han-jun , Zhao Ming , Li Xue-liang , Yao Di 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In view of the lack of equipment for direct detection of ion content in formation water under high temperature and high pressure conditions at domestic and overseas until now. In this paper, a static experiment was designed to test the solubility of each ion in the fluid under high temperature and high pressure conditions. The influence of different temperature and pressure on the solubility of scaling was tested by experiments, and the variation rule of the scaling solubility under high temperature and high pressure was comprehensively studied. The results show that: With the increase of temperature, the solubility of barium sulfate in pure water increases first and then decreases; the solubility of strontium sulfate decreases gradually; the solubility of magnesium carbonate increases first and then decreases; the solubility of magnesium carbonate increases first and then decreases; the solubility of calcium carbonate increases first, then decreases and then increases; at the same temperature and pressure, the solubility of four scalings that are barium sulfate, calcium carbonate, strontium sulfate and magnesium carbonate is in the size order of BaSO4<CaCO3<SrSO4<MgCO3.
Design and Optimization of Elliptical B-shaped Sleeve Configuration for Oil&Gas Pipeline
Authors: Zhang Hao , Wu Feng , Yang Pingxi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Affected by external loads or pipeline corrosion, oil & gas transmission pipelines may encounter safety hazards during service. In terms of defect repair, both domestic and foreign standards currently stipulate that the permanent repair method is B-type sleeve or tube replacement. Compared to the costly tube replacement, B-type sleeves are undoubtedly the preferred choice for economy and safety. However, due to installation size limitations, conventional sleeves are difficult to repair large deformation defects such as wrinkles and buckling in oil and gas pipelines. This study aims at developing, designing, and optimizing a B-type sleeve for welding repair of irregular defects in oil and gas pipelines. By designing irregular B-shaped sleeves with different curve configurations, the stress levels and concentration coefficients of irregular sleeves at different defect heights and sleeve lengths are calculated. The optimal pumpkin shaped and elliptical curve sleeve configurations are selected as the repair solutions for irregular sleeves. Under the existing limitations of machining and detection accuracy, pumpkin shaped irregular sleeves can be prioritized for application in engineering, while elliptical curve sleeves are considered as alternative solutions.
Research on Fracture Parameter Optimization Method Based on Generative Adversarial Network in Small Sample Size
Authors: Xi Hao jiang , Li Xiang Qi , Chen Qi , Luo Zhi Feng , Huang Qi Sheng 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This study addresses the optimization of fracturing parameters in the fractured gas reservoirs of the Tarim Basin, especially under the challenge of small sample sizes and high data acquisition costs. It proposes an innovative method based on Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN). Traditional fracturing technology parameter optimization often leads to model overfitting and poor generalization due to limited data. This research adopts GAN for data augmentation to generate additional training samples, thereby improving the training effect of machine learning models. The combination of genetic algorithms and model fusion techniques further optimizes production capacity prediction and fracturing parameter adjustment. Application of this method to actual data from the Tarim Basin shows that it effectively enhances the accuracy of parameter optimization and the generalization ability of the model, providing significant guidance for gas reservoir development under similar complex geological conditions.
Decision-making method of managed pressure drilling based on real-time calculation and analysis models
Authors: Yang Yun , Wei Haifang , Yan Ronghui , Xu Zhaoyang , Peng Chi , Gao Guowang , Wu Lei , Li Jing 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
As petroleum exploration and development extend towards marginal, deep, and unconventional resources, drilling challenges such as narrow density windows and high wellbore control risks become increasingly prominent. Managed pressure drilling (MPD) proves effective in reducing drilling operational difficulties and well control risks in narrow safe-density window formations. However, existing MPD systems have limited capabilities for real-time calculation and analysis in the absence of downhole pressure measurement data, hindering accurate guidance for real-time calculation, analysis, and control decision recommendations in both conventional and precise MPD operations.Therefore, based on on-site engineering logging, real-time data from MPD operations, a branch decision tree was established to automatically determine the operational conditions of MPD. This achieved real-time identification of 11 drilling conditions. Starting from the characteristics of two-phase fluid flow in the annulus, coupling wellbore pressure and formation fluid invasion, a predictive model for annular pressure distribution during MPD was established. This model facilitated the calculation, determination, and recommendation of the pre-control value for wellhead backpressure. Building upon theoretical research, a MPD calculation, analysis, and control decision system was developed. Field testing and validation indicated that the system could simulate and analyze wellbore pressure and wellhead backpressure values, automatically identify drilling conditions and downhole complexities. The average error between the calculated and measured values of the standpipe pressure was 1.88%. The accuracy of the predicted wellhead backpressure values based on safe operating conditions compared to the actual controlled values reached 89.8%. This system achieved real-time calculation, analysis, and control decision-making based on real-time engineering parameters, enhancing the reliability and timeliness of wellhead backpressure control in MPD operations. It effectively guided conventional MPD operations and improved the capabilities and intelligence level of precision MPD operations after process optimization.
Prediction Method for Hydraulic Fracturing Effect of Producing Well Based on Machine Learning Methods
Authors: Gu Nana 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Accurate prediction of producing fracturing oil enhancement is a prerequisite for decision-making on the implementation of production enhancement measures in producing wells. The traditional reservoir numerical simulation method requires accurate reservoir geological parameters and fracturing construction parameters, which makes the calculation process complicated and the on-site application effect unsatisfactory. Therefore, a method for predicting fracturing effect of producing well based on machine learning is proposed. A combination of correlation coefficient analysis and gray correlation analysis was used to determine the main controlling factors affecting fracturing effectiveness; Considering the nonlinear mapping relationship between the fracturing effect and the main control factors, a prediction model was established using a support vector machine. The model is applied with an actual block of an oil field as an example, and the evaluation of potential wells is completed with the analysis of economic benefits of fracturing measures. The results show that the model prediction results meet the accuracy requirements for engineering application, and the screened fracturing potential wells have achieved better oil enhancement results after the implementation of measures. The prediction model of oil enhancement effect established by this method is based on the actual production data of producing wells, with reliable prediction results and simple model solution, which has the value of popularization and application in the same type of blocks.
Study on the Oil-Water Separation Performance of Axial-Flow Hydrocyclone Enhanced by Condensate Bubbles
Authors: Wang Ce , Lü Yuling , Li Mofan , He Limin , Li Donghui 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Produced water is the main by-product of the oilfield extraction process. Due to its high emulsification degree and density close to water, micron oil droplets are inefficiently separated by ordinary cyclone, and it is difficult to meet the standards of external discharge and reinjection after treatment. In this study, micron bubbles were prepared by mixing hydrocarbon components as gas and passed into the cyclone separator to enhance the oil-water separation effect. After the bubbles entered the cyclone, due to the pressure environment inside, the heavier components in the bubbles were found to condense and precipitate from the bubble surface, while the lighter components did not undergo phase change. The heavy hydrocarbons condense and spread out in the bubble and form a condensate film, because the condensate and oil droplets belong to the hydrocarbon homologue is easier to capture the oil droplets. This technology realizes the modification of lipophilic and hydrophobic surface of the bubbles. After the oil removal experiments found that the traditional axial cyclone separator separation of 65%, through the ordinary bubble assisted separation efficiency of 74%, and through the preparation of condensate bubbles to enhance flotation can be raised to 89% of the oil removal efficiency. Therefore, the condensate bubble-enhanced cyclone separator oil-water separation has a good application prospect.
Application of Single Neuron Adaptive PID Algorithm in Natural Gas Automatic Distribution Control System
Authors: Chang Hua , Liu Qite , Li Qiang 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Aiming at the most important control link of electric regulating valve in automatic distribution control system of natural gas station, this paper proposed to use single neuron adaptive Proportional-Integral-Derivative (SNA-PID) algorithm to make up for the problems of the traditional Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) algorithm, such as the difficulty of parameter setting and the inability to adapt to system interference. In order to compare the performance of the algorithm, the transfer function between the valve opening of the electric regulating valve on the branch of the gas transmission system of a natural gas station was taken as an example to simulate various practical application scenarios, and the control performance of the two algorithms was studied in detail. Finally, the practical engineering application and the performance verification of the algorithm were carried out in a natural gas distribution station in Jiangxi Province. The results showed that, compared with the PID algorithm, the SNA-PID algorithm can automatically adjust its own algorithm parameters, greatly reduce the number of valve operations during the adjustment process, and control the valve opening more smoothly, adjust the branch pressure more quickly and effectively, and also has a strong anti-interference ability. Therefore, SNA-PID algorithm is more suitable for the automatic distribution control system of natural gas station than the PID algorithm.
Internal Corrosion Control Strategy of Oil Gathering and Transportation Pipeline
Authors: Li Chun-Yu , Feng Xin-Yuan , Li Ben-Juan , Qi Song-Ling , Li Cheng 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Internal corrosion and perforation of metal pipelines is the main reason for failure of gathering and transportation pipelines in a western oil field. The content of Cl-in the transport medium of the oilfield is between 24910-118051mg/l, the total salinity is between 65404-39363mg/l, the reduced sulfur content is between 6-36mg/l, and the number of SRBS is between 20-300 /ml, which are the main factors leading to corrosion in the pipeline. Through investigation, demonstration and field test, the internal corrosion control technology system of pipeline has been formed, which includes internal extrusion coating, internal penetration, 32MPa high pressure flexible composite pipe, polyethylene lined FRP composite pipe technology. The internal corrosion control strategy has been popularized in oil field, and the effect is good.
Numerical simulation on gas-liquid two phase flow in the U-type pipe
Authors: Hao Chengming , Yao Jing , Xiang Xiaosen , Chen Yalin , Wang Shuli , Rao Yongchao 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
An effective way to improve the formation of gas hydrate is to increase the gas-liquid contact area, which can also improve the gas-liquid heat and mass transfer efficiency. Designed a natural gas hydrate formation flow experimental device, and a set of folding pipes are the gas hydrate formation units. The folding pipe hydrate formation units are composed of many U-type pipes, which are the main carrier of hydrate formation. The gas-liquid flow law in the U-type pipe has the great significance on gas hydrate formation. The gas-liquid two phase flow in a single U-type pipe has been simulated by Fluent, gas distribution rule and flow characteristics in the U-type pipe has been investigated. The range of the entrance gas volume fraction is 0.1～0.6. Calculation results show that there is a certain degree of mixture between gas and liquid in the former straight section. The gas and liquid began to layer in the front of bend, the gas and liquid stratified obviously in the process of bend. The gas and liquid began to mix in the later straight section, but the degree of mixture is lower than the former. The liquid and gas flow phenomenon is different with disparate gas volume fraction. The gas and liquid stratified more obviously in the bend with the higher gas volume fraction. The law that the gas and liquid have a better mixture when gas volume fraction change range is 0.2～0.4 has been found, which is beneficial to hydrate formation.