bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with acute coronary syndrome in Chinese Military Hospitals, 2011–2014: a retrospective observational study of a national registry
Authors: Zhao Ren , Xu Kai , Li Yi , Qiu Miaohan , Han Yaling 
Published: October 2018

ObjectivesInterventional treatment of patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is surging dramatically in China in recent years, whereas nationwide assessments of the quality of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) procedural performance and outcomes are scarce. We aimed to provide an updated and real-world overview of the performance of PCI in patients with ACS since 2011 in China after the China PEACE study from 2001 to 2011.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, data were extracted from the National Registry of Cardiovascular Intervention in Military Hospitals database to create a national sample of 144 659 patients with ACS undergoing PCI at 117 military hospitals in all regions of China from calendar years 2011–2014. Patient characteristics, procedural performance, PCI outcomes and adverse events and temporal changes were analysed.ResultsDuring 2011–2014, patients with ACS undergoing PCI increased dramatically. Small numbers of high-volume hospitals performed the majority of PCI procedures. However, only half of these patients were adequately covered and proportions for the use of assisted devices and novel medications were relatively small. Radial artery access was still increasing with time. Primary PCIs were performed on 45.4% ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction patients with PCI procedures. 3.8% lesion vessels involve left main artery. Implanted stents, the overall complications and in-hospital mortality were decreasing remarkably.ConclusionsIn Chinese military hospitals, interventional resources were limited with great regional disparities, there are still gaps to be filled to better serve patients with ACS. Our findings can serve as an indispensable supplement to a more comprehensive understanding of the practice of contemporary cardiac intervention in China.
Prostate cancer diagnostic pathway: Is a one-stop cognitive MRI targeted biopsy service a realistic goal in everyday practice? A pilot cohort in a tertiary referral centre in the UK
Authors: Bass Edward James , Freeman Alex , Jameson Charles , Punwani Shonit , Moore Caroline M , Arya Manit , Emberton Mark , Ahmed Hashim Uddin 
Published: October 2018

ObjectivesTo evaluate the feasibility of a novel multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) and cognitive fusion transperineal targeted biopsy (MRTB) led prostate cancer (PCa) diagnostic service with regard to cancer detection and reducing time to diagnosis and treatment.DesignConsecutive men being investigated for possible PCa under the UK 2-week wait guidelines.SettingTertiary referral centre for PCa in the UK.ParticipantsMen referred with a raised prostate-specific antigen (PSA) or abnormal digital rectal examination between February 2015 and March 2016 under the UK 2-week rule guideline.InterventionsAn mpMRI was performed prior to patients attending clinic, on the same day. If required, MRTB was offered. Results were available within 48 hours and discussed at a specialist multidisciplinary team meeting. Patients returned for counselling within 7 daysPrimary and secondary outcome measuresOutcome measures in this regard included the time to diagnosis and treatment of patients referred with a suspicion of PCa. Quality control outcome measures included clinically significant and total cancer detection rates.Results112 men were referred to the service. 111 (99.1%) underwent mpMRI. Median PSA was 9.4 ng/mL (IQR 5.6–21.0). 87 patients had a target on mpMRI with 25 scoring Likert 3/5 for likelihood of disease, 26 4/5 and 36 5/5.57 (51%) patients received a local anaesthetic, Magnetic resonance imaging targeted biopsy (MRTB). Cancer was detected in 45 (79%). 43 (96%) had University College London definition 2 disease or greater. The times to diagnosis and treatment were a median of 8 and 20 days, respectively.ConclusionsThis approach greatly reduces the time to diagnosis and treatment. Detection rates of significant cancer are high. Similar services may be valuable to patients with a potential diagnosis of PCa.
Inverse association of pulse pressure augmentation during exercise with heart failure and death
Authors: Al Rifai Mahmoud , Blaha Michael J , Rahman Faisal , Ehrman Jonathan K , Brawner Clinton A , Keteyian Steven J , Al-Mallah Mouaz H , McEvoy John William 
Published: October 2018

ObjectiveResting pulse pressure (PP) is a risk factor for heart failure (HF); however, whether PP augmentation during exercise, a parameter easily obtained from routine treadmill stress testing, is associated with incident HF is unknown. Thus, we aimed to study the relationship between a novel parameter, the pulse pressure stress index (P2SI), and adverse outcomes among adults undergoing clinical exercise stress testing in the Henry Ford Exercise Testing Project.MethodsThe P2SI was calculated as PP at peak exercise divided by resting PP and was analysed continuously and categorically using quartiles. Cox models examined the association between P2SI and adjusted HR (aHR) of incident HF, myocardial infarction (MI) or death. Receiver operating curve (ROC) analyses tested the optimal prognostic cut-point for P2SI.ResultsAmong 55 524 participants without prior MI or HF, mean (SD) age was 53 (13) years, 51% were men and 29% black. A total of 2516 HF, 1606 MI and 6224 mortality outcomes occurred. Quartile 3 P2SI (2.0–2.4) was chosen as the reference category based on ROC analyses. There was a graded inverse association of low P2SI with excess HF (aHR of 1.3 (95% CI 1.1 to 1.5) for quartile 2 and 1.5 (95% CI 1.2 to 1.8) for quartile 1, p for trend<0.001) and mortality (aHR of 1.1 (95% CI 1.01 to 1.2) for quartile 2 and 1.3 (95% CI 1.2 to 1.5) for quartile 1, p for trend<0.001). There was no association between P2SI and MI after adjustment. P2SI added significant prognostic information to more established stress testing parameters such as peak systolic blood pressure, per cent maximal predicted heart rate achieved and metabolic equivalents of task achieved.ConclusionsPoor augmentation of PP with exercise, specifically a P2SI below 2, is a novel and readily quantifiable exercise-based risk feature for HF and death.
Perceived effectiveness of objective features of pictorial warning messages
Authors: Sutton Jazmyne A , Yang Sijia , Cappella Joseph N 
Published: October 2018

BackgroundPrevious research shows that pictorial warning messages (PWMs) for tobacco cigarettes increase quit attempts and smoking-related knowledge. However, few studies have investigated what specific features within PWMs are most effective. The current study sought to examine the specific features of PWMs associated with effectiveness using four outcome measures as indicators.MethodA sample of n=319 PWMs was collected and underwent systematic content analysis on 48 different content features. A sample of n=1392 current smokers each rated a subset of the labels on perceived effectiveness, negative emotional engagement, intentions to enact avoidance behaviours and intentions to forego a cigarette. Multilevel random-effects models were fitted with all coded content features and each of the outcome measures.ResultsAnalysis across all four outcome measures shows that PWMs depicting diseased and damaged body parts and employing a testimonial format were most effective. Additional mediation analysis showed that image-level negative emotionality partially mediated the relationship between PWM features and perceived effectiveness.ConclusionThe effectiveness of graphic imagery, testimonials and images that elicit negative emotions provides guidance for researchers as well as for future implementation of more effective PWMs.
Cardiorespiratory responses in different types of squats and frequencies of whole body vibration in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Lage Vanessa K. S. , Lacerda Ana Cristina R. , Neves Camila D. C. , Chaves Maria Gabriela A. , Soares Aline A. , Lima Liliana P. , Matos Mariana A. , Leite Hércules R. , Fernandes José Sebastião C. , Oliveira Vinicius Cunha , Mendonça Vanessa A. 
Published: October 2018

This study aims to investigate the cardiorespiratory responses to different vibration frequencies to characterize the intensity of exercise, as well as to compare the effect of two types of squatting exercises (static and dynamic) on the whole body vibration (WBV) exercise in individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Twenty-six subjects were divided and paired into healthy and COPD groups that performed static squatting associated with WBV (frequencies: 30, 35, and 40 Hz; amplitude: 2 mm) and dynamic squatting associated with WBV (frequency: 35 Hz; amplitude 2 mm) on a vertical vibration platform. Oxygen consumption (V̇o2), heart rate (HR), minute ventilation (V̇e), ratio of minute ventilation to oxygen production (V̇e/V̇o2), ratio of minute ventilation to carbon dioxide production (V̇e/V̇co2), oxygen saturation (SpO2), and rating of perceived exertion were measured. For both groups, there was a decrease in V̇e/V̇o2 and V̇e/V̇co2 ratios during static and dynamic squats, as well as an increase in other cardiorespiratory parameters, and no significant difference existed between them. There was an effect of the type of squat on the HR variation; the values in the static squat were higher than those of the dynamic squat in both groups. There was a significant difference with a reduction in SpO2 at 40 Hz frequency when compared with 30 Hz in the COPD group. The other variables behaved similarly between the frequencies. The WBV exercise, regardless of the frequencies used, represented a mild effort that promoted cardiorespiratory response in COPD, with greater responses in the static squat and no adverse effect. NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study showed that an acute session of light exercise of whole body vibration (WBV) can increase the cardiorespiratory responses in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), reaching values similar to that of the control group. The results might contribute, therefore, to the elaboration of exercise protocols with WBV for the treatment of patients with COPD during rehabilitation. Thus, future studies referring to training on the vibratory platform could use these exercise parameters and demonstrate possible long-term benefits.
Physiologic and histopathologic effects of targeted lung denervation in an animal model
Authors: Hummel James P. , Mayse Martin L. , Dimmer Steve , Johnson Philip J. 
Published: October 2018

Parasympathetic efferent innervation of the lung is the primary source of lung acetylcholine. Inhaled long-acting anticholinergics improve lung function and symptoms in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Targeted lung denervation (TLD), a bronchoscopic procedure intended to disrupt pulmonary parasympathetic inputs, is an experimental treatment for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The physiologic and histologic effects of TLD have not previously been assessed. Eleven sheep and two dogs underwent circumferential ablation of the main bronchi with simultaneous balloon surface cooling using a lung denervation system (Nuvaira, Inc., Minneapolis, MN). Changes in pulmonary air flow resistance were monitored before and following TLD. Four animals were assessed for the presence or abolishment of the sensory axon-mediated Hering-Breuer reflex before and following TLD. Six sheep were histologically evaluated 30 days post-TLD for the extent of lung denervation (axonal staining) and effect on peribronchial structures near the treatment site. No adverse clinical effects were seen in any treated animals. TLD produced a ~30% reduction in pulmonary resistance and abolished the sensory-mediated Hering-Breuer reflex. Axonal staining was consistently decreased 60% at 30 days after TLD. All treated airways exhibited 100% epithelial integrity. Damage to other peribronchial structures was minimal. Tissue 1 cm proximal and distal to the treatment was normal, and the esophagus and periesophageal vagus nerve branches were unaffected. TLD treatment effectively denervates the lung while protecting the bronchial epithelium and minimizing effects on peribronchial structures. NEW & NOTEWORTHY The feasibility of targeted lung denervation, a new minimally invasive therapy for obstructive lung disease, has been demonstrated in humans with preliminary clinical studies demonstrating improvement in symptoms, pulmonary function, and exercise capacity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. This preclinical animal study demonstrates the ability of targeted lung denervation to disrupt vagal inputs to the lung and details its physiologic and histopathologic effects.
Virulence of entomopathogenic nematodes against developmental stages of Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) — effect of exposure time
Authors: Eivazian Kary Naser , Chahardoli Samira , Mohammadi Davoud , Dillon Aoife B. 
Published: October 2018

Summary
The virulence of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN) Steinernema carpocapsae, S. feltiae and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora was evaluated against the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella. The results revealed that diamondback moth mortality was affected by its developmental stage. For both Steinernema species, diamondback moth larval mortality peaked at 18 infective juveniles (IJ) larva−1; similar results were recorded for H. bacteriophora, with mortality peaking at 20 IJ larva−1. Mortality of pre-pupa exposed to Steinernema species increased up to 35 IJ pre-pupa−1; in S. feltiae a decreasing trend was recorded at higher concentrations of IJ. A negative correlation was recorded between LC50 and ln ET values; S. carpocapsae appeared as the most virulent EPN against larvae (6.5 IJ larva−1) and H. bacteriophora was an effective EPN against pre-pupae (6.5 IJ pre-pupa−1). EPN virulence at dose levels was evaluated by plotting LC50 against ln exposure time, and in the majority of data sets deviations from a linear model were observed and data were statistically fitted by a two-stage phase.
Bursaphelenchus michalskii sp. n. (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae), a nematode associate of the large elm bark beetle, Scolytus scolytus Fabr. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), in Dutch elm disease-affected elm, Ulmus laevis Pall.
Authors: Tomalak Marek , Filipiak Anna 
Published: October 2018

Summary
Bursaphelenchus michalskii sp. n. is described from the bark of the European white elm, Ulmus laevis. All propagative stages of the nematode were found in larval galleries of the large elm bark beetle, Scolytus scolytus, and in overlapping gallery systems of this species and the small European elm bark beetle, S. multistriatus. Dauer juveniles of the new nematode are transmitted to new breeding trees under elytra of adult S. scolytus. Bursaphelenchus michalskii sp. n. is characterised by the female body length of 953 (838-1108) μm and male body length of 893 (811-971) μm, very slender body (a = 53.9 (46.1-58.5) and 60.9 (52.2-72.0) in female and male, respectively), lateral fields with three incisures (two bands), excretory pore usually located anterior to the median bulb, lack of vulval flap, long post-uterine sac, relatively small spicules 12.3 (10.8-13.3) μm long with no cucullus and with distinct, somewhat thorn-like, dorsally bent or reflexed condylus and a conical or digitate rostrum, and the arrangement of the seven male caudal papillae (i.e., a single precloacal ventromedian papilla (P1), one pair of adcloacal ventrosublateral papillae (P2) at or just anterior to cloacal slit, one ventrosublateral, postcloacal pair (P3) located at ca 60% of the tail length, posterior to cloacal slit, and one pair (P4) of ventrosublateral papillae located near the base of the bursa). The newly described species shares most of the key morphological characters with members of the eremus-group (sensu Braasch et al., 2009). However, B. michalskii sp. n. is unique amongst Bursaphelenchus species by a combination of female tail and spicule shape, excretory pore position, and other morphometric characters. These findings were confirmed by DNA sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the 18S and 28S rDNA regions and by the unique molecular profile of the ITS region (ITS-RFLP).
Cross-Modal Cue Effects in Motion Processing
Authors: Hanada G. M. , Ahveninen J. , Calabro F. J. , Yengo-Kahn A. , Vaina L. M. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
The everyday environment brings to our sensory systems competing inputs from different modalities. The ability to filter these multisensory inputs in order to identify and efficiently utilize useful spatial cues is necessary to detect and process the relevant information. In the present study, we investigate how feature-based attention affects the detection of motion across sensory modalities. We were interested to determine how subjects use intramodal, cross-modal auditory, and combined audiovisual motion cues to attend to specific visual motion signals. The results showed that in most cases, both the visual and the auditory cues enhance feature-based orienting to a transparent visual motion pattern presented among distractor motion patterns. Whereas previous studies have shown cross-modal effects of spatial attention, our results demonstrate a spread of cross-modal feature-based attention cues, which have been matched for the detection threshold of the visual target. These effects were very robust in comparisons of the effects of valid vs. invalid cues, as well as in comparisons between cued and uncued valid trials. The effect of intramodal visual, cross-modal auditory, and bimodal cues also increased as a function of motion-cue salience. Our results suggest that orienting to visual motion patterns among distracters can be facilitated not only by intramodal priors, but also by feature-based cross-modal information from the auditory system.
Revision of the family Carabodidae (Acari: Oribatida) XVI. Synkrotima tsalakpmenoi sp. nov. from Zimbabwe and Kenya, and Congocepheus thailandae sp. nov. from Thailand, including a complementary study of Cavaecarabodes hauseri (Mahunka 1989)
Authors: FERNANDEZ NESTOR , THERON PIETER , LEIVA SERGIO , JORDAAN ANINE 
Published: October 2018

Synkrotima tsalakpmenoi sp. nov. is described from material collected in Zimbabwe and Kenya. This species presents the following characteristics: notogastral integument formed by longitudinally aligned cuticular cords; thick, lanceolate notogastral setae; and genital neotrichy. Synkrotima tsalakpmenoi sp. nov. is compared to S. zimbabwae. Congocepheus thailandae sp. nov. is the first species of this genus described from Thailand, with the following present: large finger-like notogastral projection; notogastral setae c1, c2, da, dm, dp, la, lm, lp, h1, h2 situated on promontories; setae c1, c2 located adjacent and parallel. A complementary study of Cavaecarabodes hauseri, making use of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), allows for clarification of particularities regarding complex setae as well as some aspects of the integument, and provides a more detailed diagnosis.
Verification of an Approximate Thermodynamic Equation with Application to Study on Arctic Stratospheric Temperature Changes
Authors: Liu Renqiang , Fu Yanyan 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Temperature changes in the Arctic lower stratosphere on both short- and long-term time scales are critical for changing the magnitude of ozone losses in the Arctic vortex. In this paper, an approximate month-to-month temperature change equation is constructed and extended to a new form for decade-to-decade changes. Then we provide a verification of these equations and show an example of an application for partitioning between the dynamical and radiative contributions to the Arctic lower-stratospheric temperature decadal changes, as well as the trends, using the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) interim reanalysis (ERA-Interim) data during the period of 1980–99. At 100 hPa, the month-to-month Arctic temperature increment is a small term compared to the dynamical heating and diabatic heating, which are largely canceling terms with maximum magnitudes in November–April and October–March, respectively. However, it is not the case for their decadal changes and the decadal change of the Arctic current-month temperature compared to those of the regressed dynamical heating and radiative heating, where the current-month decadal changes and the corresponding trends are approached except in March and a rough agreement exists between these trends and those reported in other studies. The dynamical plus diabatic heating term and the temperature increment, as well as their decadal changes, are roughly balanced during the annual oscillation. However, some departures exist in both cases because of the large deviations or uncertainties of relevant terms and also probably due to the quasigeostrophic approximation and the eddy heat flux approximation of the dynamical heating, and a restricted condition of the eddy heat flux approximation is given at the end.
Comprehensive Evaluation of the Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) Model in the North American Land Data Assimilation System
Authors: Xia Youlong , Mocko David M. , Wang Shugong , Pan Ming , Kumar Sujay V. , Peters-Lidard Christa D. , Wei Helin , Wang Dagang , Ek Michael B. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Since the second phase of the North American Land Data Assimilation System (NLDAS-2) was operationally implemented at NOAA/NCEP as part of the production suite in August 2014, developing the next phase of NLDAS has been a key focus of the NCEP and NASA NLDAS teams. The Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) model is one of the four land surface models of the NLDAS system. The current operational NLDAS-2 uses version 4.0.3 (VIC403), the research NLDAS-2 used version 4.0.5 (VIC405), and the NASA Land Information System (LIS)-based NLDAS uses version 4.1.2.l (VIC412). The purpose of this study is to evaluate VIC403 and VIC412 and check if the latter version has better performance for the next phase of NLDAS. Toward this, a comprehensive evaluation was conducted, targeting multiple variables and using multiple metrics to assess the performance of different model versions. The evaluation results show large and significant improvements in VIC412 over the southeastern United States when compared with VIC403 and VIC405. In other regions, there are very limited improvements or even deterioration to some degree. This is partially due to 1) the sparseness of USGS streamflow observations for model parameter calibration and 2) a deterioration of VIC model performance in the Great Plains (GP) region after a model upgrade to a newer version. Overall, the model upgrade enhances model performance and skill scores for most parts of the continental United States; exceptions include the GP and western mountainous regions, as well as the daily soil moisture simulation skill, suggesting that VIC model development is on the right path. Further efforts are needed for scientific understanding of land surface physical processes in the GP, and a recalibration of VIC412 using reasonable reference datasets is recommended.