bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation on the Occurrence of Aedes Species in Borderline of Iran and Azerbaijan for Control of Arboviral Diseases
Authors: Moradi-Asl Eslam , Vatandoost Hassan , Adham Davod , Emdadi Daryosh , Moosa-Kazemi Hassan 
Published: July 2019

Background: To investigate the diversity of the genus Aedes present in the natural areas of Ardabil Province, north-west of Iran.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out from Apr to Oct 2016 in North-western of Iran. Thirty-three areas of 10 cities which are border areas were selected randomly. The larvae were collected 2 times in each month during the seasonal activities of mosquitoes and the larvae were identified morphologically according to the ap­propriate identification keys.
Results: Overall, 694 larvae were collected from four counties, from which only 7.2% were Aedes larvae. Three species of Aedes were identified which include Ae. caspius, Ae. vexans and Ae. flavescens. Aedes flavescens is reported from Ardabil Province for the first time.
Conclusion: Aedes species were a high density in borderline of Iran and Azerbaijan. Therefore, the north parts of Ardabil Province are a suitable habitat for Aedes species mosquitoes. Care should be taken for vector control in the case of occurrence of any arboviruses transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes.
Kriminal Düşünce Ölçeğinin Türkçeye Uyarlanması: Geçerlilik ve Güvenilirlik Çalışması
Authors: DUYGUNER Ulviye , GÖLGE Zeynep Belma 
Published: July 2019

Bu çalışmanın amacı Kriminal Düşünce Ölçeği Türkçe formunun psikometrik özelliklerini incelemektir. Çalışmanın örneklemi, 18 yaş ve üzerindeki, çalışmanın yapıldığı anda ya da geçmişte psikiyatrik tanı ve/veya tedavi almamış olduğunu beyan etmiş olan 295 kadın ve 332 erkek olmak üzere toplam 627 kişiden oluşmaktadır. Ölçeğin güvenilirliği Cronbach alfa katsayısının hesaplanması yöntemiyle incelenmiştir. Ölçeğin geçerliliğinin incelenmesi için açımlayıcı ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizi ile birlikte ölçüt geçerliliği yöntemi uygulanmıştır. Açımlayıcı faktör analizi sonucunda 23 maddelik ve ölçeğin özgün formuna benzer şekilde hak görme, kriminal rasyonalizasyon, güç yönelimi, merhametsizlik, meşrulaştırma/diğerlerini suçlama ve kişisel sorumsuzluk olmak üzere 6 faktörden oluşan ölçme aracına ulaşılmıştır. Doğrulayıcı faktör analizi sonucunda sınanan modelin uyum değerlerinin kabul edilebilir düzeyde olduğu saptanmıştır. Ölçeğin tümü için iç tutarlılık katsayısı α= .79 olarak, alt boyutlar arasında ise α=.50-.74 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak elde edilen bulgular, Kriminal Düşünce Ölçeği Türkçe formunun geçerlilik ve güvenirliğinin kabul edilebilir düzeyde olduğunu göstermektedir.
Circumflex Model of Family Therapy: Initiating Its Application on Parenting Mistakes to Child Early Age
Authors: Fa'atin Salmah , Adlina Atika Ulfia 
Published: July 2019

<p class="06IsiAbstrak">The golden age in the development of early childhood requires more attention amid the emergence of the phenomenon of shifting family functions in the millennial era. Father's function and mothers who experience shifts are thought to have the potential for emergence of parenting problems. The golden age is in need of good parenting, because an error of parenting during this period a significant impact on adulthood. This requires family therapy that is good and feasible to be used in intervening in cases of parenting errors with early childhood. This article aims to describe the theory of family therapy in the circumflex model popularized by Olson, analyzing and initiating its application in cases of parenting errors in early childhood. The idea of applying the therapy is complemented by the design of the stages and forms of therapy. The results of the study show that theoretically it is possible to apply circumcision family model therapy in cases of early childhood parenting errors, because early childhood leads to an internal problem three important dimensions in the circuit model to create a healthy and balanced family, namely the dimensions of closeness, adaptability or flexibility and family communication. The therapeutic design for families who experience parenting errors in early childhood is arranged in stages, stages or sessions of one to ten.</p>
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE SUNNAH AND THE WAḤY AND ITS EFFECTS ON THE AUTHORITY OF SUNNAH ACCORDING TO SOME CONTEMPORARY SCHOLARS
Authors: KUTLUAY İbrahim 
Published: July 2019

There is no doubt that the Qur’ān and the Ṣunnaḥ are the two
main sources of Islām. It is also axiomatic that throughout Islāmic history,
only a few marginal groups such as Zanādiqa (heretics), some extremists named Rāfıḍis and Ahl
al-Qur’ān, influenced by some orientalists, and emerged in the
Indian sub-continent and Egypt in modern times, disregarded
the Sunnah of the Prophet as an essential source of Islām by casting some
doubts. But the problem of the authority of the Sunnah, in other words,
whether the Sunnah is completely binding, and if it is, to what extent it is and
which sorts of the Sunnah are binding is a controversial issue among Muslim
scholars. Shortly, the source of this problem is related to the relationship of
the Sunnah with the divine revelation (waḥy). The
correct understanding of the Sunnah and the determination of its authority, therefore,
depend on the determination of its relationship with waḥy. The
solution of this problem is also based on whether the Prophet received any waḥy apart
from the Holy Qur’ān. Accordingly, Muslim scholars have adopted different views
on this matter. Most of them classified waḥy into
two parts as al-waḥy al-matluw and al-waḥy al-ghayr al-matluw. Thus,
this study is an attempt to determine and organize different opinions of
contemporary Muslim scholars on this issue and assess them through
classification in the first instance. Secondly, it will evaluate the validity
of these arguments and discuss these varying approaches and the kind of results
that they have caused.
İMAM HATİP ORTAOKULU DİN KÜLTÜRÜ VE AHLAK BİLGİSİ ÖĞRETMENLERİNİN ÖZEL ALAN YETERLİK ALGILARININ ÇEŞİTLİ DEĞİŞKENLER AÇISINDAN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: ARAS İbrahim , ÖZTÜRK Veli 
Published: July 2019

Bu araştırmada, İmam Hatip Ortaokulu (İHO) din kültürü ve ahlak bilgisi (DKAB)
öğretmenlerinin özel alan yeterlik düzeylerinin çeşitli değişkenler açısından incelenmesi
amaçlanmıştır. Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı (MEB) tarafından belirlenen “Özel Alan
Yeterlilikleri”, uzmanların görüşü alınarak 5 puanlık Likert tipi bir ankete
dönüştürülmüştür. Çalışmada nicel araştırma yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Araştırmacı
tarafından hazırlanan “İHO DKAB Öğretmenlerinin Özel Alan Yeterlikleri Anketi”,
MEB’in 2015 yılı seminer dönemlerinde uygulanmıştır. Araştırmanın evrenini;
Türkiye’deki İHO’larda çalışan DKAB öğretmenleri, örneklemini; Afyonkarahisar,
Balıkesir, Eskişehir, Kütahya, Manisa ve Uşak illerindeki 78 İHO’da çalışan 355
öğretmen oluşturmaktadır. Örneklemin % 95’lik güvenirlik seviyesiyle evreni
yansıtacağı değerlendirilmektedir. Araştırma verileri istatistiksel yöntemlerle
analiz edilmiştir. Analiz aşamasında maddelere katılım düzeyiyle ilgili ağırlıklandırılmış
ortalama değerler tespit edilmiş, Cramer V, Mann Whitney-U, &nbsp;Kruskal Wallis-H gibi istatistik testleri kullanılmıştır.
Araştırma sonunda, öğretmenlerin yeterlik algılarının “fakülte”,&nbsp; “hizmet içi eğitim alma”, “lise türü”, “cinsiyet”,
“yaş”, “hizmet yılı” ve “hafızlık” değişkenlerine göre anlamlı farklılaşmalar
gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir.
الاتجاهُ الصُّوفيُّ في شِعرِ المَهْجَرِ مُكّوِّنَاتُهُ ومَلامِحُهُ
Authors: A. M. SOLIMAN Abdelkarim 
Published: July 2019

يتناول
هذا البحث ظاهرة التّصوفَ في شعر المهجر العربي***، فقد عرف المهجريون التصوف باعتبارِهِ مُعتنقا يعتنقونه وسلوكا
يمارسونه، وتُراثاً&nbsp; يَقْرَأونهُ
بِأَفْكَارِهِم وَنَظَرِيَّاتِهِم وَفَلْسَفَاتِهِم إلى جَانِبِ تَأثُّرِهم بتلكَ
النَّزعاتِ الرُّوحيّةِ الغيبيّةِ التّي سَادَت فِي بِيئاتِهِم المُخْتَلِفَةِ
وِبِخَاصّةٍ فِي البِيئةِ الغربيّة التي تَأثَّرُوا بِها والتي تُشارِكُهم
بِطَبِيعَةِ الحَالِ فِي دِيَانَتِهِم، وَكَانَت تَبْحَثُ عَنِ التّوازُنِ
الرُّوحِي للإنسانِ أَمَامَ سُلطَانِ المَادّةِ الجَارِفِ للرُّوحِ، والتي ظَهَرَت
عَلَى يَدِ أَمِرسِن، وَوِلْيَم بِلِيك، وَوِتْمَن وآخرين فَانعَكَسَ كُلُّ ذَلِكَ
عَلَى الذَّاتِ الشّاعرةِ، فَعَاشَ هَؤلاءِ الشُّعراءُ التَّصوفَ سُلُوكاً
واعتقاداً وتَمَثَّلَوهُ تُرَاثاً وفِكراً، عَبَّروا مِن خِلالِهِ عَن رُؤيَتِهِم
لِلأُلُوهِيّة وَالوُجُودِ والإنسَانِ. وقد
جاءتِ الدِراسةُ في مَبْحَثينِ أساسيينِ، الأَوّلُ: المُكَوِّناتُ، وتناولتُ فيه
الغُربةَ الرُّوحيّةَ، والمُكوّناتِ الثَّقَافِيّةَ (الثَّقَافة الشّرقيّة،
والدّيانَة المَسيحيّة، والثَّقافة الغربيّة)، والثَّاني: يتناول الملامحَ،
وتناولتُ فيهِ1. الرّحْلَةَ والطَّريقَ 2. الاغترابَ والانعزالَ 3. الزُّهدَ
الصُّوفيّ 4. مُجاهدَةَ النَّفسِ 5. المَعرفةَ ووسيلتها 6. الوُصُولَ والفناءَ 7.
وحدةَ الوجودِ 8. الرضى والطُّمأنينةَ القلبيّةَ 9. المُناجَاةَ والابتهالاتِ 10.
الرّمزَ الصُّوفيّ.

الكَلِمَاتُ
المِفْتَاحِيَّةُ:
الاتّجاه، الصوفي، شعر المهجرِ، مُكونات، ملامح.

*** &nbsp; شعراء المهجر هم كوكبة من شعراء العربية المسيحيين، وأغلبهم من لبنان
والقليل منهم من سوريا، هاجروا في أواخر القرن التاسع عشر وبداية القرن العشرين
إلى الأمريكتين؛ لأسباب عديدةٍ، من أهمّها: الفقر، والحرب الطائفية، حالمين بعالم
من الرخاء، وجوٍّ من الحريّة، ولكنّهم اصطدموا بالواقع الغربي الذي هو أشد طائفية
من واقع بلادهم، إضافة إلى عجزهم عن تحسين أحوالهم المعيشية، فتملّك الحزن نفوسهم،
واعتصرت الآلام قلوبهم، وقد كسا ذلك أشعارهم بالحس الإنساني الرقيق، فتحدّثوا عن
قضايا الإنسان المحليّة والعالمية. وقد أسّس شعراء المهجر روابط شعرية، كان من
أهمّها جماعتان: الأولى: الرابطة القلميّة في الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية وأهم
شعرائها: جبران خليل جبران، وميخائيل نعيمة، وإيليا أبوماضي، ونسيب عريضة، ورشيد
أيوب، والثانية: العصبة الأندلسية في البرازيل، وكان من أهم شعرائها: إلياس فرحات،
ورشيد سليم الخوري، وفوزي المعلوف، وشفيق المعلوف، ورياض المعلوف، وشكرالله الجر،
وغيرهم.

&nbsp;
Social Determinants of Psychological Wellbeing for Children and Adolescents in Rural NSW
Authors: Peters Ingrid , Handley Tonelle , Oakley Karen , Lutkin Sarah , Perkins David 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background

The mental wellbeing of children and adolescents in rural Australia is under researched and imperative to understanding the long-term mental health outcomes for rural communities. This study used data from the Australian Rural Mental Health Study (ARMHS), particularly the parent report SDQ measure for children under 18 years old and their reporting parent’s demographic information in order to compare this sample’s mental wellbeing scores to the Australian norms and to identify what personal, family, community and rurality factors contribute to child mental wellbeing as pertaining to the SDQ total and subdomain scores.

Method

539 children from 294 families from rural NSW were included. SDQ scores for each child as well as personal factors (sex and age), family factors (employment status, household income and sense of community of responding parent), community SES (IRSAD) and rurality (ASCG) were examined.

Results

Children and adolescents from rural areas had poorer mental wellbeing when compared to a normative Australian sample. Further, personal predispositional and family factors were significant predictors of the psychological wellbeing of children and adolescents, while after controlling for other factors, community SES and level of rurality did not contribute significantly.

Conclusions

Early intervention for children and families living in rural and remote communities is warranted particularly for low income families. There is a growing need for affordable, universal and accessible services provided in a timely way to balance the discrepancy of mental wellbeing scores between rural and urban communities.
Daily Almond Consumption in Cardiovascular Disease Prevention via LDL-C Change in the U.S. Population: a Cost-Effectiveness Analysis
Authors: Wang Jifan , Bravatti Michelle A. Lee , Johnson Elizabeth J. , Raman Gowri 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background

Heart disease is the leading cause of death in the United States. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved the health claim that 1.5 oz. (42.5 g) nut intake may reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Previous studies have focused on the cost-effectiveness of other foods or dietary factors on primary CVD prevention, yet not in almond consumption. This study aimed to examine the cost-effectiveness of almond consumption in CVD prevention.

Methods

A decision model was developed for 42.5 g almond per day versus no almond consumption and CVD in the U.S. population. Parameters in the model were derived from the literature, which included the probabilities of increasing LDL-C, developing acute myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke, treating MI, dying from the disease and surgery, as well as the costs of the disease and procedures in the U.S. population, and the quality-adjusted life years (QALY). The cost of almonds was based on the current price in the U.S. market. Sensitivity analyses were conducted for the time of almond consumption, ten-year risk prevention, patients with or without CVD and using sex-specific probabilities for MI, and varying the costs of procedures and almonds.

Results

The almond strategy had $302 lower cost and 0.02 QALY gain compared to the non-almond strategy in the main analysis. The annual net monetary benefit (NMB) of almond consumption was $1,360 higher per person than no almond consumption, when the willingness to pay threshold was set at $50,000 for annual health care expenditure. Almond was more cost-effective than non-almond in CVD prevention in all the sensitivity analyses, except for the time of almond consumption as a morning or afternoon snack or when costs of almonds increased from $0.47 to $1.41 per day.

Conclusion

Consuming 42.5 g of almonds per day is a cost-effective approach to prevent CVD in the short term and potentially in the long term.
Catastrophic Health Expenditure Incidence and Its Equity in China: A Study on the Initial Implementation of the Medical Insurance Integration System
Authors: liu huan , zhu hong , wang jiahui , qi xinye , zhao miaomiao , shan linghan , gao lijun , kang zheng , jiao mingli , pan lin , chen ruohui , liu baohua , Wu Qunhong , ning ning 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Introduction: By 2013, several regions in China have introduced health insurance integration policies. However, few studies have addressed the impact of medical insurance integration in China. This study investigates catastrophic health expenditure and equity in the incidence of catastrophic health expenditure by addressing its potential determinants in both integrated areas and non-integrated areas in China in 2013.
Methods: The primary data are drawn from the fifth China National Health Services Survey in 2013. The final sample comprises 19,788 households (38.4%) from integrated areas and 31,797 households (61.6%) from non-integrated areas. A probit model is employed to decompose the inequality of the incidence of catastrophic health expenditure in line with the methodology used for decomposing the concentration index.
Results: The incidence of catastrophic health expenditure in integrated areas is higher than in non-integrated areas (13.87% vs. 13.68%, respectively). The concentration index in integrated areas and non-integrated areas is -0.071 and -0.073, respectively. Average household out-of-pocket health expenditure and average capacity to pay in integrated areas are higher than in non-integrated areas. However, households in integrated areas have lower out-of-pocket expenditures share in capacity to pay than households in non-integrated areas. The majority of the observed inequalities in catastrophic health expenditure can be explained by differences in the health insurance and householders’ educational attainment both in integrated areas and non-integrated areas. However, compared with non-integrated areas, the inequity caused by integrated medical insurance has been significantly reduced in integrated areas.
Conclusions: The medical insurance integration system in China is still at the exploring stage; hence, its effects are of limited significance. Regardless of the area, catastrophic health expenditure is associated with pro-poor inequality. Medical insurance, urban-rural disparities, the elderly population, and the use of health services significantly affect the equity of catastrophic health expenditure incidence.
Keywords: Catastrophic health expenditure, Medical insurance integration system, Equity, Influencing factors
Characterization of B-box proteins and their contribution to plant development in Arachis duranensis
Authors: Jin Hanqi , Xing Mengge , Cai Chunmei , Li Shuai 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background

B-box (BBX) proteins are important factors involving in the regulation of plant growth and development, and have been identified in many plant species. However, the characteristics and transcription patterns of BBX genes in wild peanut are limited.

Results

In the present study, we identified and characterized 24 BBX genes in a wild peanut Arachis duranensis. The AdBBX members distributed on 9 of the 10 chromosomes and chromosome 3 contained the most AdBBX members, with 6 AdBBXs. 16 AdBBX proteins had two distinct BBX domains, 11 members contained one CCT domain, and 7 genes had both BBX and CCT domains. Protein structure analysis revealed that AdBBX were classified into five clades: I (3 genes), II (4 genes), III (4 genes), IV (9 genes) and V (4 genes), on the basis of the diversity of conserved BBX and CCT domains. Moreover, 15 distinct motifs were found in these 24 AdBBX proteins and motif 1 and 5 existed in all the AdBBX proteins. Duplication analysis revealed that 4 interchromosomal duplicated gene pairs were obtained and all of them belonged to group IV. In addition, 95 kinds of cis-acting elements were found in the promoter regions of AdBBXs and 53 types were predicted to have putative functions. The numbers and types of cis-acting elements varied in these AdBBX promoters, as a result, AdBBX genes exhibited distinct expression levels in different tissues. The transcription investigation combined with synteny analysis suggested AdBBX8 might be the key factor involving in flowering time regulation in Arachis duranensis.

Conclusion

Overall, this study provides a genome-wide identification of BBX genes in a wild peanut Arachis duranensis. Characteristic and transcription pattern analysis revealed their critical roles in plant growth and development. Our study will provide essential information for further functional characteristic investigation of AdBBX genes.
Comprehensive influences of overexpression of a MYB transcriptor regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis on transcriptome and metabolome of tobacco leaves
Authors: Zong Yuan , Li Shiming , Xi Xingyuan , Cao Dong , Wang Zhong , Wang Ran , Liu Baolong 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background

Overexpression of MYB transcription factors can induce the expression of structural genes for anthocyanin biosynthesis and increase the anthocyanin content of plant tissues. However, it remains unclear whether MYB transcription factor overexpression effects the activation of other genes and the concomitant accumulation of chemical compounds.

Results

Overexpression of LrAN2 promoted anthocyanin accumulation in a variety of tissues in tobacco cultivar Samsun. Only 185 unigenes, from total of 160,965, were expressed differently in leaves and 241 chemical compounds exhibited differences in accumulation. Four anthocyanins, including apigeninidin chloride, cyanidin 3-O-malonylhexoside, pelargonidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside, and cyanidin 3,5-O-diglucoside were detected only in transgenic lines, which could explain the purple leaf phenotype. Beside anthocyanins, the phenylpropanoids, polyphenols (catechins), flavonoids, flavones, and flavonols were also upregulated. Overexpression of LrAN2 activated the basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor AN1b, and the MYB transcription factor MYB3. Additionally, structural genes associated with the phenylpropanoid biosynthetic pathway were activated, which lead to the upregulated accumulation of phenylpropanoid, polyphenol (catechin), flavonoid, flavone, flavonol, and anthocyanin. The MYB transcription factor CPC, a negative regulator of anthocyanin biosynthesis, was also expressed at increased levels in transgenic lines, which implie that a negative regulation mechanism existed in the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway. The relative contents of all 19 differently accumulated amino groups and derivatives were decreased in transgenic lines, which meant that the phenylalanine biosynthesis pathway used other amino acids as substrates. Interestingly, the expression of acetylalkylglycerol acetylhydrolase was suppressed in transgenic lines, which caused the accumulation of 19 lyso-phosphatidylcholine derivatives and a decrease in production of eight octodecane derivatives.

Conclusions

Overexpression of LrAN2 activates the pathway of anthocyanin synthesis and metabolism in tobacco. Four anthocyanins lead to the purple leaf phenotype The main pathways of flavonoid biosynthesis were up-regulated. This research provides more information about the function of MYB transcription factors in anthocyanin biosynthesis and the production of other chemical compounds. This work will help breeders to obtain new plant cultivars with high anthocyanin contents using biotechnology.
PpNAC187 enhances lignin synthesis in ‘Whangkeumbae’ pear (Pyrus pyrifolia) ‘hard-end’ fruit
Authors: Li Mingtong , Cheng Chenxia , Zhang Xinfu , Zhou Suping , Wang Caihong , Ma Chunhui , Yang Shaolan 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background: A disorder in pears known as ‘hard-end’ fruit affects the appearance, edible quality, and market value of pear fruit. To explore the mechanism underlying the formation of hard-end, RNA-Seq was carried out on the calyx end of ‘Whangkeumbae’ pear fruit with and without the hard-end symptom.
Result: Results indicated that genes in the phenylpropanoid pathway affecting lignification were up-regulated in hard-end fruit. An analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) identified three NAC transcription factors, and RT-qPCR analysis of PpNAC138, PpNAC186 and PpNAC187 confirmed that PpNAC187 gene expression was correlated with the hard-end disorder in pear fruit. A transient increase in PpNAC187 was observed in the calyx end of ‘Whangkeumbae’ fruit when they began to exhibit hard-end symptom. Concomitantly, the higher level of PpCCR, Pp4CL and PpCOMT transcripts was observed; which are the key genes in lignin biosynthesis. Notably, lignin content in the stem and leaf tissues of transgenic tobacco overexpressing PpNAC187 was significantly higher than in control plants transformed with an empty vector. Furthermore, transgenic tobacco overexpressing PpNAC187 had a larger number of xylem vessel elements.
Conclusion: The results of this study confirmed that PpNAC187 functions in inducing lignification in pear fruit during the development of the hard-end disorder.