bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Constitucionalidade da Lei nº 9.131/95: Conselho Nacional de Educação e mantenedoras das Instituições de Ensino Superior particulares
Authors: Gomes Magno Federici 
Published: June 2019

Objetiva-se, com o presente trabalho, o estudo da Lei nº 9.131, de 24 de novembro de 1995. Desse modo, foram analisadas a origem da referida norma educativa, sua classificação, disposições legais, a criação, a composição e as funções do Conselho Nacional de Educação (CNE), a relação jurídico-educacional entre as Instituições de Ensino Superior (IES) e suas respectivas entidades mantenedoras e, finalmente, a constitucionalidade dos elementos normativos desta lei. Este artigo é preponderantemente teórico-documental, sob uma perspectiva dogmática, empregada como forma de análise dos resultados. Concluiu-se que o governo de Fernando Henrique Cardoso (FHC) instituiu, para o ensino superior, uma política educacional baseada na avaliação, na qualidade da educação, na autonomia universitária, na melhoria do ensino e na ampliação do espaço das IES privadas, mediante Medidas Provisórias (MPvs) posteriormente convertidas na Lei nº 9.131/95. O Ministério da Educação (MEC) é auxiliado em suas atribuições pelo CNE. Trata-se de órgão regulador colegiado permanente e instituído por lei, comcompetência normativa, consultiva, deliberativa, de supervisão eassessoramento do referido Ministério. Pretende garantir a participação dasociedade no desenvolvimento da educação nacional, sem prejuízo de suas competências específicas. Sua importância salienta-se na coordenação da política nacional de educação, a cargo da União. Sua composição colegiada deveria garantir o comedido exercício do poder pelas autoridades públicas, assegurando aos administrados seus direitos fundamentais. Com a conversão da Medida Provisória (MPv) nº 1.890-64/99 na Lei nº 9.870/99, sanaram-se as inconstitucionalidades antes existentes na Lei nº 9.131/95, porque deixou de haver a necessidade de verificação dos critérios de urgência e relevância na edição de MPv, bem como por outros motivos aqui apresentados.
Desapropriação para fins de reforma agrária e limite discricionário
Authors: Santos Luasses Gonçalves dos 
Published: June 2019

O presente artigo vislumbra o estudo da desapropriação, nas formas preconizadas pela Constituição Federal de 1988, onde a modalidade de interesse social para fins de reforma agrária detém maior aprofundamento, analisando-se o instituto do ato administrativo e seus aspectos discricionários e vinculados, bem como o respectivo ato administrativo emsentido estrito nas desapropriações, para, ao final, determinar-se o limitede discricionariedade do ato administrativo pertinente à desapropriaçãopara fins de reforma agrária, com atenção à interpretação das exceções.
Avaliação de desempenho dos servidores públicos: análise da Lei Federal nº 11.784/2008
Authors: Silveira Raquel Dias da 
Published: June 2019

A profissionalização do servidor público pode ser compreendida como liturgia composta por uma série encadeada de processos administrativos,dependentes e vinculados entre si. Nessa liturgia, destaca-se a importância do processo da avaliação de desempenho para a concretização do direito público subjetivo do servidor à carreira. É por meio da avaliação de desempenho que a Administração poderá verificar o chamado méritopotencial a justificar a elevação funcional, com o incremento das responsabilidades assumidas pelo servidor e o aumento de rendimentos.1 Esse processo foi contemplado no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro pela Emenda Constitucional nº 19/98, que introduziu o inciso III ao §1º do art. 41. Desde então, a avaliação de desempenho limitava-se à avaliação hierárquica, conduzida sem a objetividade necessária à profissionalização. No âmbito federal, o processo da avaliação de desempenho encontra-se hoje regulamentado pela Lei nº 11.784/2008 que, apesar de conter inúmeros aspectos positivos, apresenta, por outro lado, uma série de inconstitucionalidades, ressaltando-se como a principal a fixação de critérios de avaliação individualdo servidor por meio de poder regulamentar, isto é, mediante atos administrativosnormativos infralegais. O texto visa a discutir a relevância da avaliação de desempenho e demonstrar o quanto é temerária a fixação de seus critérios pela própria Administração Pública, em detrimento da ordemjurídica democrática.
Social and Physiological Context Affects the Meaning of Physiological Synchrony
Authors: Danyluck Chad , Page-Gould Elizabeth 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This protocol describes procedures for conducting a dyadic, psychophysiological study. The key goal of this study is to continuously and simultaneously measure electrocardiograph and impedance cardiograph data from two participants engaged in a social interaction. The social interaction was framed as competitive or cooperative but the task partners engaged in was identical across conditions. The entire protocol takes 2 hours to complete.
Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of Cameroonian physicians with regards to pain management at the emergency department: a multicenter cross-sectional study
Authors: Etoundi Paul Owono , Mbengono Junette Arlette Metogo , Ntock Ferdinand Ndom , Tochie Joel Noutakdie , Ndom Dominique Christelle Anaba , Angong Francky Teddy Endomba , Beyiha Gérard , Minkande Jacqueline Ze 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Introduction: Pain is the most frequent presenting complaint in patients consulting or admitted to the emergency department (ED). Thus, its acute management is often done by physicians working in the ED. These practitioners are often general practitioners and not emergency medicine physicians in resource-poor settings. Hence, a mastery of pain management by these physicians may be important in relieving acute pain. We aimed to assess the knowledge, to determine the attitudes and practices of physicians in the management of pain in EDs of Cameroon.

Methods: We carried out a prospective analytic cross-sectional study over four months in the year 2018. We enrolled all consenting physicians who were neither emergency medicine doctors nor anesthesiologists working at the EDs of five tertiary hospitals of Cameroon. Using a 30-item structured questionnaire, data on the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of pain management at the ED by these clinicians were studied. We used an externally validated score to assess the knowledge as either poor, insufficient, moderate or good.

Results: A total of 58 physicians were included; 18 interns and 39 general practitioners. Their mean age was 28.6 ± 3 years and their average number of years of practice was 2.9 years. The level of knowledge was rated “poor” in 77.6% of physicians. Being a general practitioner was significantly associated with a poor level of knowledge (p=0.02; OR=5.1). We found a negative and significant correlation between knowledge and years of practice (p=0.04; r2= 0.06). More than three-quarter (82.8%) of participants used a pain scale to evaluate the severity of pain. The most used scale being the Visual Analog scale (56.9%). The most frequently used analgesic was paracetamol (98.3%), although only 3.5% of physicians correctly knew its half-life, delay of onset of action and duration of action.

Conclusion: These findings suggest that physicians in EDs of Cameroon have poor knowledge and suboptimal practices in pain management. General practice and a greater number of professional experience seemed to favour these attitudes. Overall, there is an urgent need for refresher courses in acute pain management for physicians working in these resource-limited EDs.
Use of potentially inappropriate medication and polypharmacy in elderly: a repeated cross-sectional study
Authors: Thorell Kristine , Midlöv Patrik , Fastbom Johan , Halling Anders 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Background

Potential inappropriate medications (PIM) have an increased risk for adverse drug reactions (ADR) in an elderly population. With increasing age, multimorbidity is growing along with the use of medications. For several years, polypharmacy has been found to increase in western societies. Polypharmacy is associated with an increased risk of ADR. In this study, we analysed the prevalence of PIM in an elderly population and in different strata of the variables age, gender, number of chronic conditions and polypharmacy and how that prevalence changed over time.

Methods

This is a registry based repeated cross-sectional study including two cohorts included. Individuals aged 75 or older listed at a primary care center in Blekinge on the 31 of March 2011 (cohort 1) or on the 31 of December 2013 (cohort 2) were included in the respective cohorts. Using a chi2 test, the two cohorts were compared on the variables age, gender, number of chronic conditions and polypharmacy. Use of five or more medications at the same time was the definition for polypharmacy.

Results

Use of PIM decreased from 10.60% to 7.04% (p-value <0.001) between 2011 and 2013, while prevalence of five to seven chronic conditions increased from 20.55% to 23.66% (p-value <0.001). Use of PIM decreased in all strata of the variables age, gender number of chronic conditions and polypharmacy. Except for age 80 to ≤ 85 and males, where it increased, prevalence of polypharmacy was stable in all strata of the variables.

Conclusions

Use of potentially inappropriate medications had decreased in all variables between 2011 and 2013. Polypharmacy does not increase significantly compared to the rest of the population.
Digital tools in the Informed Consent process: a systematic review
Authors: Francesco Gesualdo , Palazzani Laura , Dimitriou Dimitris , Domingo Javier Diez , Fons-Martinez Jaime , Jackson Sally , Vignally Pascal , Tozzi Alberto , Rizzo Caterina 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Background: Providing understandable information to patients is necessary to achieve the two main aims of the Informed Consent process: respecting and promoting patients’ autonomy and protecting patients from harm. In recent decades, new, primarily digital, technologies have been used to apply and test innovative formats of Informed Consent. We conducted a systematic review to explore the impact of using digital tools for Informed Consent in both clinical care and clinical trials. Understanding, comprehension, satisfaction and participation were compared for digital tools versus the traditional Informed Consent process.

Methods: We searched for studies on available electronic databases, including Pubmed, ISI web of science (WoS), and Cochrane. Studies were identified using specific Mesh-terms/keywords. We included studies, published from January 2012 to April 2018, that focused on the use of digital Informed Consent tools for surgery, diagnostic procedures, therapeutic interventions, and clinical research. Digital interventions were defined as interventions that used multimedia or audio-video to provide information to patients. We classified the interventions into 3 different categories: video only, non-interactive multimedia, and interactive multimedia.

Results: Our search yielded 1046 publications. After title and abstract screening 182 studies were retained for full-text analysis, of which 38 publications were included. Studies examined interactive multimedia (17/38), non-interactive multimedia (11/38), and videos (10/38), and most (34/38) studies were conducted on adults. Innovations in consent were tested for clinical/surgical procedures (26/38) and RCTs (12/38). For RCTs, 21 outcomes were explored, with a positive effect on at least one of the studied outcomes being observed in 8/12 studies. For clinical/surgical procedures 49 outcomes were explored, and 21/26 studies reported a positive effect on at least one of the studied outcomes.

Conclusions: Digital technologies for informed consent were not found to affect negatively any of the outcomes, and overall, interactive multimedia tools seem desirable. Interactive multimedia tools indicated a higher impact than passive videos. Presence of a researcher may potentially enhance efficacy of different outcomes. Studies were heterogeneous in design, making evaluation of impact challenging. Robust study design including standardisation is needed to conclusively assess impact.
Diagnostic value of pleural fluid adenosine deaminase among the patients with pleural tuberculosis
Authors: Rousta Fariborz , Sokouti Mohsen , Rouy Samad Beheshty , Parsay Sina 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Purpose

Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis occurs in about 10-20% of patients most commonly as tuberculous lymphadenitis or pleural effusion. Pleural fluid Adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity considered as a useful biomarker for detecting pleural tuberculosis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of pleural fluid adenosine deaminase level in patients with pleural tuberculosis.

Methods

In this cross-sectional study, 113 patients with exudative pleural effusion with unknown underlying diagnosis, were enrolled. Physical examination, chest CT, measurement of ADA level of pleural fluid, direct thoracoscopic examination, and biopsy of pleura were performed for all individuals.

Results

The diagnosis of tuberculous pleurisy was established in 40 individuals regarding the pathology report of biopsy samples. The mean ADA level of the TB and the non-TB group was 39.90±22.93 IU/L and 30.74±38.27 IU/L respectively, which was not statistically significant (P-value=0.167). Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of ADA test were 35%, 86.30%, 58.33%, and 70.79%, respectively.

Conclusion

Based on low sensitivity and specificity of ADA test, in patients with unexplained exudative pleural effusion especially in those who were suspicious for tuberculous pleurisy, despite the low level of ADA, direct thoracoscopic pleural observation and multiple biopsies of pleura is highly recommended.
Costs and Health-Related Quality of Life in Relation to Caries
Authors: Kastenbom Lisa , Falsen Alexandra , Larsson Pernilla , Sunnegårdh-Grönberg Karin , Davidson Thomas 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Background

Dental caries remains a common and expensive disease for both society and affected individuals. Furthermore, caries often affect individuals’ health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Health economic evaluations are needed to understand how to efficiently distribute dental care resources. This study aims to evaluate treatment costs and QALY weights for caries active and inactive adult individuals, and to test whether the generic instrument EQ-5D-5L can distinguish differences in this population.

Methods

A total of 1200 randomly selected individuals from dental clinics in Västerbotten County, Sweden, were invited to participate. Of these, 79 caries active and 179 caries inactive patients agreed to participate (response rate of 21.7%). Inclusion criteria were participants between 20-65 years old and same caries risk group categorization in two consecutive check-ups between 2014 and 2017.

Results

Treatment costs showed to be twice as high in the caries active group compared to the caries inactive group and were three times higher in the caries active age group 20-29 compared to the caries inactive age group 20-29. Differences between the groups was found for number of intact teeth according to age groups. In the EQ-5D-5L instrument, more problems relating to the dimension anxiety/depression was seen in the caries active group. QALY weights showed tendencies (non-significant) to be lower in the caries active group.

Conclusions

These findings highlight the need for efficient treatments and prevention strategies as well as adequate money allocation within dentistry. However, further research is needed to assess appropriate instruments for health economic evaluations.
The Effect of Dihydroartemisinin on the Malignancy and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition of Gastric Cancer Cells
Authors: Li Nan , Zhang Suyun , Luo Qiong , Yuan Fang , Feng Rui , Chen Xiangqi , Yang Sheng 
Published: June 2019

Objective:
This study aimed to observe the effects of dihydroartemisinin (DHA) on the proliferation,
apoptosis, invasion, migration, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of the human
gastric cancer cell line SGC7901 cultured in vitro.

Methods:
We applied varying concentrations of DHA to SGC7901 cells. Cell proliferation was measured
using the cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8). Flow cytometry, Transwell invasion assay, and cell scratch
assay were used to investigate the cells’ apoptosis, invasion, and migration. Western blot was used to
assess the expression levels of EMT markers E-cadhein and Vimentin, protein kinases Akt and phosphorylated
AKT (p-AKT), and the cell transcription factor Snail.

Results:
DHA can effectively inhibit the malignant proliferation of gastric cancer cells in a time- and
dose-dependent manner. In this study, with longer incubation times and increased drug concentrations,
the antiproliferation effect of DHA on SGC7901 cells increased gradually (P<0.05). In addition, with
the increase of drug concentration, the expression levels of E-cadhein, an epithelial-mesenchymal transition
marker, remarkably increased, whereas the protein expression levels of the mesenchymal markers
Vimentin, Akt, p-Akt, and Snail significantly decreased (P<0.05).

Conclusion:
DHA can effectively inhibit the proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of the gastric cancer
cell line SGC7901 and induce cancer cell apoptosis. DHA can also downregulate PI3K/AKT and
Snail activities and inhibit the epithelial-mesenchymal transition of gastric cancer cells. The potential
anticancer effects of DHA deserve further investigation.
Homocysteine Serum Levels as Prognostic Marker of Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Portal Vein Thrombosis
Authors: Latteri Saverio , Malaguarnera Giulia , Catania Vito Emanuele , La Greca Gaetano , Bertino Gaetano , Borzì Antonio Maria , Drago Filippo , Malaguarnera Michele 
Published: June 2019

Background:
Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is a common complication of endstage
hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

:
The aim of our study was to evaluate the role of Homocysteine (Hcy) in HCC patient with
PVT. Hcy is a sulphur amino-acid involved in two pathways, trans-sulphuration and
remethylation, that involve vitamins B6, B12 and folates.

Methods:
We recruited 54 patients with HCC and PVT, 60 patients with HCC and
without PVT and 60 control subjects. We measured serum levels of Hcy, folate, vitamins
B6 and B12.

Results:
The comparison between HCC patients with PVT versus HCC without PVT
was shown that mean values of Hcy were 6.4 nmol/L (p<0.0073) higher, LDL cholesterol
were 4.8 mg/dl (p<0.0079) lower, vitamin B6 were 4.6 nmol/L(p=0.0544) lower, vitamins
B 12 were 22.1 pg/ml (p=0.0001) lower.

Conclusion:
High serum levels of Hcy are an established thrombotic risk factor in the
general population. We found significantly higher levels of Hcy in HCC patients with PVT
versus both HCC patients without PVT and controls.
Evaluation of Phytopolyphenols for their gp120-CD4 Binding Inhibitory Properties by In Silico Molecular Modelling & In Vitro Cell Line Studies
Authors: Mirani Amit , Kundaikar Harish , Velhal Shilpa , Patel Vainav , Bandivdekar Atmaram , Degani Mariam , Patravale Vandana 
Published: June 2019

Background:Lack of effective early-stage HIV-1 inhibitor instigated the need for screening of novel gp120-CD4 binding inhibitor. Polyphenols, a secondary metabolite derived from natural sources are reported to have broad spectrum HIV-1 inhibitory activity. However, the gp120-CD4 binding inhibitory activity of polyphenols has not been analysed in silico yet.Objectives:To establish the usage of phytopolyphenols (Theaflavin, Epigallocatechin (EGCG), Ellagic acid and Gallic acid) as early stage HIV-1 inhibitor by investigating their binding mode in reported homology of gp120-CD4 receptor complex using in silico screening studies and in vitro cell line studies.Methods:The in silico molecular docking and molecular simulation studies were performed using Schrödinger 2013-2 suite installed on Fujitsu Celsius Workstation. The in vitro cell line studies were performed in the TZM-bl cell line using MTT assay and β-galactosidase assay.Results:The results of molecular docking indicated that Theaflavin and EGCG exhibited high XP dock score with binding pose exhibiting Van der Waals interaction and hydrophobic interaction at the deeper site in the Phe43 cavity with Asp368 and Trp427. Both Theaflavin and EGCG form a stable complex with the prepared HIV-1 receptor and their binding mode interaction is within the vicinity 4 Å. Further, in vitro cell line studies also confirmed that Theaflavin (SI = 252) and EGCG (SI = 138) exert better HIV-1 inhibitory activity as compared to Ellagic acid (SI = 30) and Gallic acid (SI = 34).Conclusions:The results elucidate a possible binding mode of phytopolyphenols, which pinpoints their plausible mechanism and directs their usage as early stage HIV-1 inhibitor.
Leaf Aqueous Extract of Argania spiniosa Exhibits Antihyperglycemic Effect in Diabetic Rats
Authors: Hebi Morad , Eddouks Mohamed 
Published: June 2019

Introduction:
Argania Spinosa L. (Sapotaceae) is an endemic species from south-western
Morocco. This plant has many traditional uses including its use in the treatment of diabetes.

Objective:
The objective of the study was to evaluate the antidiabetic activity of Argania Spinosa
Leaf Aqueous Extract (A.S.L.A.E).

Methods:
The antidiabetic effect of A.S.L.A.E was evaluated in both normal and streptozotocin
(STZ)-induced diabetic rats treated at a dose of 20 mg/kg body weight for 15 days. The histopathological
changes in the liver were evaluated. In addition, the antioxidant activity of this extract was
also studied.

Results:
Single oral administration of A.S.L.A.E (20 mg/kg) showed no significant change in blood
glucose levels in both normal and STZ induced diabetic rats after 6 hours of administration. Furthermore,
in normal rats, repeated oral administration of A.S.L.A.E reduced blood glucose levels. Moreover,
blood glucose levels decreased in STZ diabetic rats after fifteen days of treatment. According to
the oral glucose tolerance test, the A.S.L.A.E (20 mg/kg) was shown to prevent significantly the increase
in blood glucose levels in normal treated rats. Moreover, A.S.L.A.E showed antioxidant activity.

Conclusion:
The results show that Argania spinosa leaf aqueous extract possesses significant antihyperglycemic
activity.