bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anti-neuropathic effects of astaxanthin in a rat model of chronic constriction injury: passing through opioid/benzodiazepine receptors and relevance to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects
Authors: Hashemi Boshra , Fakhri Sajad , Kiani Amir , Abbaszadeh Fatemeh , Miraghaee Shahram , Mohammadi Mohammad , Echeverría Javier 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionNeuropathic pain is a debilitating neurological disorder and is on the rise. Since no effective treatment has been so far approved to combat the complex pathological mechanisms behind neuropathic pain, finding new therapeutic candidates is of great importance. Astaxanthin (AST) is a carotenoid with strong antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities.PurposeThe present research aimed to evaluate the ameliorative effects of AST on a rat model of neuropathic pain.MethodsTo induce neuropathic pain, a chronic constriction injury (CCI) model was employed. Accordingly, Wistar rats were divided into nine groups of six including sham, negative control group (CCI), positive control group gabapentin (100 mg/kg), AST (5, 10 mg/kg), flumazenil (0.5 mg/kg), naloxone (0.1 mg/kg), AST (10 mg/kg) + flumazenil (0.5 mg/kg), and AST (10 mg/kg) + naloxone (0.1 mg/kg) were administered intraperitoneally on days 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, and 14. To check the experimental signs of neuropathic pain and motor dysfunction, hot plate, acetone drop, and open field tests were used at the same time points. Additionally, biochemical assay and zymography were done on days 7 and 14 to assess the changes in catalase, glutathione and nitrite, as well as matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9). Besides, histological evaluations were performed for tissue damages on days 7 and 14.Results and discussionResults indicated that intraperitoneal injection of AST improved allodynia, hyperalgesia, and locomotor activity after CCI. AST also increased catalase and glutathione while suppressing nitrite, MMP-2, and MMP-9 activity through opioid/benzodiazepine receptors.ConclusionThe results highlighted AST as a promising candidate against neuropathic pain with beneficial effects on motor function by suppressing inflammatory mediators, and augmenting antioxidant factors, passing through opioid/benzodiazepine receptors.
Is inertial training more effective than traditional resistance training in young healthy males?
Authors: Naczk Alicja , Kisiel-Sajewicz Katarzyna , Gajewska Ewa , Gramza Piotr , Jędzrzejczak Tomasz , Naczk Mariusz 
Published: November 2024

ObjectivesInertial training, also called flywheel training is more and more popular among sportsmen. The available data concerning the effectiveness of inertial training compared to conventional resistance strength training are contradictory. The aim of this study was to compare the impact of inertial training (IT) vs. traditional gravity-dependent resistance training (TRT) on elbow flexor and knee extensor strength.MethodsTwenty-six young, recreationally active males were randomized into IT group (n = 13) or TRT group (n = 13). Both groups performed strength training three times a week for 6 weeks. Before and after training, the maximum force of the trained muscles was evaluated under training conditions (one repetition maximum under gravity-dependent conditions and maximal force under inertial conditions) and isometric conditions. Countermovement jump, squat jump, pull-up test, and limb circumference were also evaluated.ResultsElbow flexor muscle strength and arm circumference increased significantly in both IT and TRT over the course of training. There were no significant differences in relative muscle strength increases between groups. Knee extensor muscle strength also improved significantly in IT, regardless of the tested conditions, while TRT showed significant changes in one repetition maximum and isometric force but no significant changes in force obtained under inertial conditions. Thigh circumference increased in IT (P ≤ 0.05) but was unchanged in TRT. Jumping abilities improved significantly in both groups, without any differences between groups.ConclusionWe cannot confirm the superiority of inertial training over traditional resistance training definitively. Nevertheless, inertial training had a slight advantage over traditional resistance training when knee extensor muscle training was considered.
The relative effects of climatic drivers and phenotypic integration on phenotypic plasticity of a globally invasive plant
Authors: Chen Xincong , Wang Jiayu , Liu Wenwen , Zhang Yihui 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionUnderstanding the constraints of phenotypic plasticity can provide insights into the factors that limit or influence the capacity of an organism to respond to changing environments. However, the relative effects of external and internal factors on phenotypic plasticity remain largely unexplored. Phenotypic integration, the pattern of correlations among traits, is recognized as an important internal constraint to plasticity. Phenotypic plasticity is critical in facilitating the acclimation of invasive species to the diverse environments within their introduced ranges. Consequently, these species serve as ideal models for investigating phenotypic plasticity and its underlying determinants.MethodsHere, we collected seeds of a global salt marsh invader Spartina alterniflora from seven invasive populations covering the entire latitudinal range in China. These populations were cultivated in two common gardens located at the southern and northern range margins, respectively. We quantified plasticity and variation therein for plant height, shoot density, first flowering day and inflorescence biomass (on a per capita basis). These traits have direct or indirect effects on invasiveness. We examined the relationships between traits plasticity with climatic conditions at site of origin (external factor) and phenotypic integration (internal factor).ResultsWe found that plasticity differed according to the trait being measured, and was higher for a trait affecting fitness. Phenotypic variance increased with latitude and temperature at the site of origin was the primary factor affecting phenotypic variation. These results indicated that external abiotic factors directly affected the selection on phenotypic plasticity of S. alterniflora.DiscussionOur study provides a unique viewpoint on assessing the importance of identifying influential factors and mechanisms underlying phenotypic plasticity. Understanding these factors and mechanisms is a critical indicator for invasive and other cosmopolitan species’ responses, establishment, persistence, and distribution under climate change.
The associations between child behavioral problems, parents’ emotional regulation difficulties, and parental burnout among Israeli parents of children with autism during wartime
Authors: Shnitzer-Meirovich Shlomit , Aviad Shani , Bechar-katz Inbal , Araten-Bergman Tal , Shenaar-Golan Vered , Gur Ayelet 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionParents of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) face heightened challenges during crises like war, leading to parental burnout (PB). Wartime demands may exacerbate the children’s behavioral difficulties, which associated with PB. Successful emotional regulation (ER) is considered a protective factor for PB. This study aimed to explore the associations between the child behavioral problems, parent’s ER difficulties and PB among parents of children ASD during wartime.Methods92 parents completed demographic, Parental Burnout, Difficulties in Emotion Regulation, and Child Aberrant Behavior questionnaires. In addition, 18 parents of children with ASD aged 6–21 were semi-interviewed.ResultsDuring wartime, child behavioral problems and parents’ ER difficulties were positively correlated with PB, contributing beyond background characteristics and other changes following the war. Parent ER difficulties serve as a mediation variable and did not function as a moderation variable between child behavioral problems and PB.DiscussionThis study emphasizes the increased vulnerability of parents of children with ASD during wartime, highlighting the need for a deeper understanding of how these circumstances affect parental risk and resources. Effective interventions should target emotional regulation and address child behavioral issues, necessitating prioritized support for affected families despite wartime challenges.
An updated and expanded characterization of the biological sciences academic job market
Authors: Flynn Brooklynn , Kozik Ariangela J. , Cheng You , Hagan Ada K. , Ng Jennifer , Smith Christopher T. , Haage Amanda , Jadavji Nafisa M. 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionIn the biological sciences, many areas of uncertainty exist regarding the factors that contribute to success within the faculty job market. Earlier work from our group reported that beyond certain thresholds, academic and career metrics like the number of publications, fellowships or career transition awards, and years of experience did not separate applicants who received job offers from those who did not. Questions still exist regarding how academic and professional achievements influence job offers and if candidate demographics differentially influence outcomes.MethodsTo continue addressing these gaps, we initiated surveys collecting data from faculty applicants in the biological sciences field for three hiring cycles in North America (Fall 2019 to the end of May 2022), a total of 449 respondents were included in our analysis.Results and discussionThese responses highlight the interplay between various scholarly metrics, extensive demographic information, and hiring outcomes, and for the first time, allowed us to look at persons historically excluded due to ethnicity or race (PEER) status in the context of the faculty job market. Between 2019 and 2022, we found that the number of applications submitted, position seniority, and identifying as a women or transgender were positively correlated with a faculty job offer. Applicant age, residence, first generation status, and number of postdocs, however, were negatively correlated with receiving a faculty job offer. Our data are consistent with other surveys that also highlight the influence of achievements and other factors in hiring processes. Providing baseline comparative data for job seekers can support their informed decision-making in the market and is a first step toward demystifying the faculty job market.
Handle shape influences system usability in telemanipulation
Authors: Zoller Esther I. , von Ballmoos Sibylle , Gerig Nicolas , Cattin Philippe C. , Rauter Georg 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionErgonomic issues are widespread among surgeons performing teleoperated robotic surgery. As the ergonomics of a teleoperation system depends on the controller handle, it needs to be designed wisely. While the importance of the controller handle in robot-assisted telemanipulation has been highlighted previously, most existing work on the usability of a human-robot system for surgery was of qualitative nature or did not focus on surgery-specific tasks.MethodsWe investigated the influence of nine different grasp-type telemanipulator handles on the usability of a lambda.6 haptic input device for a virtual six degrees of freedom peg-in-hole task. User performance with different handles was assessed through four usability metrics: i) task completion time, ii) dimensionless jerk, iii) collision forces, and iv) perceived workload. We compared these usability results with those of a prior study examining only the functional rotational workspace of the same human-robot system.ResultsThe linear mixed-effect model (LMM) analysis showed that all four usability metrics were dependent on the telemanipulator handle. Moreover, the LMM analysis showed an additional contribution of the hole accessibility to the usability of the human-robot system.DiscussionIn case contact forces between the follower end-effector and its surroundings are not critical, the fixed-hook-grasp handle showed the best results out of the nine tested handles. In case low contact forces are crucial, the tripod-grasp handle was most suitable. It can thus be deduced that different grasp-type telemanipulator handles affect system usability for a surgery-related, teleoperated six degrees of freedom placement task. Also, maximizing the functional rotational workspace can positively affect system usability.
Silicon in the Production, Nutrient Mineralization and Persistence of Cover Crop Residues
Authors: Fernandes Fabiana Aparecida , Cardoso Bruna Miguel , Arf Orivaldo , Buzetti Salatier 
Published: November 2024

In tropical regions, maintaining crop residues in the soil is challenging. Silicon (Si) may increase the persistence of these residues in the soil, as it is a precursor to lignin, providing a gradual release of nutrients for subsequent crops. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of different doses of calcium silicate (Ca2SiO4) (0, 1, 2, and 3 Mg ha⁻1) and limestone (0, 1, 2, and 3 Mg ha⁻1) on the lignin content, residue decomposition, and nutrient release of four cover crops—Pennisetum glaucum, Urochloa ruziziensis, Crotalaria spectabilis, and Cajanus cajan—at various decomposition stages following cover crop management (0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 days). The experiment was conducted in the field at the experimental area of the Faculty of Engineering at Ilha Solteira-UNESP, located in the municipality of Selvíria, state of Mato Grosso do Sul, on Ferralsol. The decomposition rate of the residues was assessed using the decomposition bag method, which was installed after cover crop management. The concentrations of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), sulfur (S), Si, lignin, and cellulose were determined. Silicate application did not affect the accumulation of nutrients by cover crops and their release into the soil. There was no relationship between the remaining Si in the dry matter of plants and more persistent residues. The most persistent plants had higher final dry matter lignin content. Using pearl millet and pigeon peas resulted in more persistent residues in the soil.
Roadmap and Considerations for Genome Editing in a Non-Model Organism: Genetic Variations and Off-Target Profiling
Authors: Wattad Hanin , Molcho Jonathan , Manor Rivka , Weil Simy , Aflalo Eliahu D. , Chalifa-Caspi Vered , Sagi Amir 
Published: November 2024

The CRISPR/Cas genome editing approach in non-model organisms poses challenges that remain to be resolved. Here, we demonstrated a generalized roadmap for a de novo genome annotation approach applied to the non-model organism Macrobrachium rosenbergii. We also addressed the typical genome editing challenges arising from genetic variations, such as a high frequency of single nucleotide polymorphisms, differences in sex chromosomes, and repetitive sequences that can lead to off-target events. For the genome editing of M. rosenbergii, our laboratory recently adapted the CRISPR/Cas genome editing approach to embryos and the embryonic primary cell culture. In this continuation study, an annotation pipeline was trained to predict the gene models by leveraging the available genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic data, and enabling accurate gene prediction and guide design for knock-outs. A next-generation sequencing analysis demonstrated a high frequency of genetic variations in genes on both autosomal and sex chromosomes, which have been shown to affect the accuracy of editing analyses. To enable future applications based on the CRISPR/Cas tool in non-model organisms, we also verified the reliability of editing efficiency and tracked off-target frequencies. Despite the lack of comprehensive information on non-model organisms, this study provides an example of the feasibility of selecting and editing specific genes with a high degree of certainty.
Гипофизарный нанизм: эпидемиологические показатели по Республике Дагестан
Authors: Э.М. Солтаханов , И.Б. Кострова , Н.А. Гончарова , Г.А. Каинбекова 
Published: November 2024

Цель: изучить эпидемиологические показатели гипофизарного нанизма (ГН) в Республике Дагестан (РД). Материалы и методы. Анализ данных государственного регистра ГН в РД с 2008 по 2018 год. Результаты. Анализ и использование эпидемиологических показателей заболеваемости ГН позволяет прогнозировать и эффективно применять средства, выделяемые для реабилитации пациентов с ГН. Использование стандартных методов оценки физического развития и федеральных рекомендаций для диагностики и ведения пациентов с ГН позволяет сократить число ложноположительных и ложноотрицательных диагнозов. Изучено распределение заболеваемости и болезненности в целом по РД, по сельской местности и городам. Заключение. Эпидемиологические показатели гипопитуитаризма у детей продолжают оставаться на высоком уровне.
Objective. To study the epidemiological indicators of pituitary nanism (PN) in the Dagestan Republic (DR). Materials and methods. The data of the state register of pituitary dwarfism in the DR from 2008 to 2018 are analyzed. Results. Analysis and use of the epidemiological indicators of the incidence of PN allows us to predict and effectively apply the funds allocated for the rehabilitation of patients with PN. The use of standard methods for assessing physical development and federal recommendations for the diagnosis and management of patients with PN can reduce the number of false positive and false negative diagnoses. The distribution of morbidity and morbidity in the whole of the DR, in rural areas and cities was studied. Cunclusion. The epidemiological indicators of hypopituitarism in children remain at a fairly high level.
Гаплогруппа R1a-M198 в тюркоязычных популяциях Северного Кавказа
Authors: М.А. Джаубермезов , Н.В. Екомасова , С.С. Литвинов , Л.Р. Габидуллина , Э.К. Хуснутдинова 
Published: November 2024

Цель: изучение генетической структуры и разнообразия генофондов популяций Северного Кавказа по результатам изменчивости гаплогруппы R1aM198 Yхромосомы. Материал и методы. Проведён анализ генетического разнообразия популяций Кавказа по результатам изменчивости гаплогруппы R1aM198 Yхромосомы. Результаты. По результатам генотипирования выявлено, что мажорной гаплогруппой в тюркоязычных популяциях Центрального и Западного регионов Северного Кавказа является гаплогруппа R1aZ2123, в то время как для тюркоязычных популяций Дагестана и Кубанских ногайцев она оказалась нехарактерной. Нами был проведен анализ распределения частот ветвей гаплогруппы R1aM198 Yхромосомы в популяции балкарцев с учетом их принадлежности к разным субэтническим группам (баксанцы, чегемцы, холамцы, безенгиевцы, малкарцы). Заключение. Субэтнические группы безенгиевцев и холамцев характеризуются наименьшей частотой линий гаплогруппы R1aM198, а в субпопуляции холамцев и вовсе обнаружени лишь гаплогруппа R1aZ2123.
Objective: to study the genetic structure and diversity of gene pools of populations of the North Caucasus based on the variability of the haplogroup R1aM198 of the Y chromosome. Material and methods. The analysis of the genetic diversity of the Caucasian populations was carried out according to the results of the variability of the haplogroup R1aM198 of the Y chromosome. Results. Based on the results of genotyping, it was revealed that the haplogroup R1aZ2123 is the major haplo group in the Turkicspeaking populations of the Central and Western regions of the North Caucasus, while it turned out to be uncharacteristic for the Turkicspeaking populations of Dagestan and the Kuban Nogai. We conducted an analysis of the frequency distribution of the branches of the haplogroup R1aM198 of the Y chromosome in the Balkarian population, taking into account their belonging to different subethnic groups (Baksans, Chegemians, Kholamets, Bezengi, Malkars). Conclusion. The subethnic groups of Bezengis and Kholamets are characterized by the lowest frequency of lines of the haplogroup R1aM198, and in the subpopulation of cholama, only haplogroup R1aZ2123 is detected.
Гипотиреоз и его роль в развитии нарушений углеводного и жирового обмена (обзор литературы)
Authors: И.М. Магомедова , К.Г. Камалов , М.Г. Атаев , А.Ч. Арсланбекова 
Published: November 2024

Цель: привести результаты некоторых работ, демонстрирующих механизмы воздействия тиреотропного гормона на процессы регуляции углеводного обмена, а также его взаимосвязь с увеличением массы тела. Результаты. Снижение уровня гормонов щитовидной железы оказывает влияние на печень, вызывая изменения в углеводном обмене, например, в качестве антагонистов инсулина посредством увеличения экспрессию глюкозного транспортера тип 2. Повышение концентрации тиреотропного гормона связано с риском нарушений липидного и углеводного обмена и, следовательно, повышенными риском развития метаболического синдрома, сахарного диабета и других нарушений углеводного обмена. Заключение. Все это показывает важность проблемы сочетания сахарного диабета и заболеваний щитовидной железы в частности гипотиреоза.
Objective. To present the results of some works demonstrating the mechanisms of the action of thyroidstimulating hormone on the processes of regulation of carbohydrate metabolism, as well as its correlation with weight gain. Results. A decrease in the level of thyroid hormones has an effect on the liver, thus causing changes in carbohydrate metabolism, for example, as insulin antagonists by increasing the expression of the glucose transporter type 2. An increase in the concentration of thyroidstimulating hormone is associated with a risk of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism disorders and therefore, increased chances of developing metabolic syndrome, diabetes mellitus and other disorders of carbohydrate metabolism. Conclusion. All this shows the importance of the problem of combined diabetes mellitus and thyroid diseases, in particular hypothyroidism.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ ТРЕВОГИ И ДЕПРЕССИИ У ПАЦИЕНТОВ С НОВОЙКОРОНАВИРУСНОЙ ИНФЕКЦИЕЙ
Authors: А.Ф. Иволгин , М.Д. Аминова , М.А. Самушия , А.А. Рагимова 
Published: November 2024

Типичная клиническая картина заболевания COVID-19 представлена проявлениями на респираторном уровне, с двусторонней атипичной пневмонией со значительным нарушением дыхательной функции из-за диффузного альвеолярного повреждения, но SARS-CoV-2 может также инфицировать другие органы и типы клеток, включая нервную систему. Неврологические нарушения возникают примерно у трети пациентов с COVID-19 и связаны как с нарушением периферической, так и центральной нервной системы (ЦНС). Поражение ЦНС описано в виде тяжелого вирусного геморрагического энцефалита, токсической энцефалопатии, острого демиелинизирующего поражения, острого нарушения мозгового кровообращения. В острой стадии заболевания возможно развитие разнообразных психотических реакций от повышенной тревожности до делирия, а в отдаленном периоде заболевание COVID-19 может стать причиной развития депрессии, тревоги, хронической усталости, бессонницы и посттравматического стрессового расстройства.
The typical clinical picture of COVID-19 disease is represented by manifestations at the respiratory level, with bilateral atypical pneumonia with significant respiratory impairment due to diffuse alveolar damage, but SARS-CoV-2 can also infect other organs and cell types, including the nervous system. Neurological disorders occur in about a third of COVID-19 patients and are associated with both peripheral and central nervous system (CNS) disorders. Damage to the central nervous system is described in the form of severe viral hemorrhagic encephalitis, toxic encephalopathy, acute demyelinating lesion, acute cerebrovascular accident. In the acute stage of the disease, the development of a variety of psychotic reactions from increased anxiety to delirium is possible, and in the long term, COVID-19 disease can cause the development of depression, anxiety, chronic fatigue, insomnia, and post-traumatic stress disorder.