bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental study on the failure mechanism of layer‐crack structure
Authors: Guo Wei‐yao , Yu Feng‐hai , Tan Yun‐liang , Zhao Tong‐bin 
Published: September 2019

AbstractField investigations have proven that layer‐crack structures make an essential contribution to rock burst occurrence in brittle coal or rock mass. This paper first studies the mechanical behavior of layer‐crack red sandstone specimens with different geometric configurations of vertical fissures (ie, fissure width, fissure length, and fissure number) through uniaxial compression and Brazilian tests. Then, the digital speckle correlation method (DSCM) and acoustic emission (AE) technique are used to record the deformation and failure processes. Finally, the failure mechanisms of the layer‐crack structure are presented and discussed. Under compressive conditions, the failure process can be divided into compatible support, incompatible support, and postpeak unstable failure stages. An increase in fissure width, as well as fissure length or number, causes an increase in the inner damage accumulation and a decrease in the stiffness coefficient by decreasing the strain of the compatible support stage. Thus, the bearing capacity of the layer‐crack structure is weakened. Under tensile conditions, the tensile ability decreases linearly as the fissure length increases, but the vertical pressure acting on the fissure increases linearly as the fissure width increases. Thus, the tensile strength of the layer‐crack structure decreases as the fissure length (or width) increases.
Cloud traffic prediction based on fuzzy ARIMA model with low dependence on historical data
Authors: Mehdi Hamid , Pooranian Zahra , Vinueza Naranjo Paola G. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractTraffic prediction with high accuracy has become a vital and challenging issue for resource management in cloud computing. It should be noted that one of the prominent factors in resource management is accurate traffic prediction based on a few data points and within a short time period. The autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model is a suitable model to predict traffic in short time periods. However, it requires a massive amount of historical data to achieve accurate results. On the other hand, the fuzzy regression model is adequate for prediction using less historical data. Aforementioned by these considerations, in this paper, a combination of ARIMA and fuzzy regression called fuzzy autoregressive integrated moving average (FARIMA) is used to forecast traffic in cloud computing. Besides, we adopt the FARIMA model by using the sliding window, called SOFA, concept to determine models with higher prediction accuracy. Accuracy comparison of these models based on the root means square error and coefficient of determination demonstrates that SOFA is about 5.4 and 0.009, respectively, which is the superior model for traffic prediction.
Techno‐economic analysis of 5G immersive media services in cloud‐enabled small cell networks: The neutral host business model
Authors: Paglierani Pietro , Neokosmidis Ioannis , Rokkas Theodoros , Meani Claudio , Nasr Karim M. , Moessner Klaus , Sayyad Khodashenas Pouria 
Published: September 2019

AbstractFifth generation (5G) envisages a “hyperconnected society” with an enormous number of interconnected devices, anywhere and at any time. Edge computing plays a pivotal role in this vision, enabling low latency, large traffic volumes, and improved quality of experience. The advent of 5G and edge computing encourages vertical industries to develop innovative services, which can meet the challenging demands coming from consumers. However, economic feasibility is the ultimate factor that determines the viability of a new service. Hence, effective techniques for the economic assessment of such services are needed. This paper analyzes the provision of immersive media services in crowded events, through a cloud‐enabled small cell network owned by a neutral host, and offered in multitenancy to different mobile network operators. We initially develop a planning model to predict the required compute, storage, and radio resources. Taking into account dynamic factors such as service penetration and price evolution, we then provide a number of economic indices, such as net present value, internal rate of return, and expected payback period to assess the viability of a potential investment in a 5G infrastructure for immersive media services. The presented analysis will guide small cell network operators in the provision of 5G innovative media services.
Consistent inlet and outlet boundary conditions for particle methods
Authors: Hu Fangyuan , Wang Zidi , Tamai Tasuku , Koshizuka Seiichi 
Published: September 2019

SummaryIn this paper, simple and consistent open boundary conditions are presented for the numerical simulation of viscous incompressible laminar flows. The present approach is based on an arbitrary Lagrangian‐Eulerian particle method using upwind interpolation. Three kinds of inlet/outlet boundary conditions are proposed for particle methods, a pressure specified inlet/outlet condition, a velocity profile specified inlet/outlet condition, and a fully developed flow outlet condition. These inlet/outlet conditions are realized by using boundary particles and modification to the physical value such as velocity. Poiseuille flows, flows over a backward‐facing step, and flows in a T‐shape branch are calculated. The results are compared with those of mesh‐based methods such as the finite volume method. The method presented herein exhibits accuracy and numerical stability.
Oil price volatility and real options: 35 years of evidence
Authors: Elder John 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThere has been a surge in interest in the effects of uncertainty on investment decisions, motivated at least in part by the theory of real options. For example, Bloom (2009,Econometrica,77, 623–685) shows that higher uncertainty causes firms to temporarily pause investment and hiring, generating sharp economic downturns. This paper investigates these effects by examining the response of disaggregated measures of production to volatility in oil prices. We find that increased oil price volatility has strong negative effects on the production of durable goods, such as transportation equipment, and oil exploration, such as the drilling of oil and gas wells.
Uncontrolled diabetes and health care utilisation: A bivariate latent Markov model approach
Authors: Gil Joan , Li Donni Paolo , Zucchelli Eugenio 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAlthough uncontrolled diabetes (UD) or poor glycaemic control is a widespread condition with potentially life‐threatening consequences, there is sparse evidence of its effects on health care utilisation. We jointly model the propensities to consume health care and UD by employing an innovative bivariate latent Markov model that allows for dynamic unobserved heterogeneity, movements between latent states and the endogeneity of UD. We estimate the effects of UD on primary and secondary health care consumption using a panel dataset of rich administrative records from Spain and measure UD using a biomarker. We find that, conditional on time‐varying unobservables, UD does not have a statistically significant direct effect on health care use. Furthermore, individuals appear to move across latent classes and increase their propensities to poor glycaemic control and health care use over time. Our results suggest that by ignoring time‐varying unobserved heterogeneity and the endogeneity of UD, the effects of UD on health care utilisation might be overestimated and this could lead to biased findings. Our approach reveals heterogeneity in behaviour beyond standard groupings of frequent versus infrequent users of health care services. We argue that this dynamic latent Markov approach could be used more widely to model the determinants of health care use.
Machine learning in materials science
Authors: Wei Jing , Chu Xuan , Sun Xiang‐Yu , Xu Kun , Deng Hui‐Xiong , Chen Jigen , Wei Zhongming , Lei Ming 
Published: September 2019

AbstractTraditional methods of discovering new materials, such as the empirical trial and error method and the density functional theory (DFT)‐based method, are unable to keep pace with the development of materials science today due to their long development cycles, low efficiency, and high costs. Accordingly, due to its low computational cost and short development cycle, machine learning is coupled with powerful data processing and high prediction performance and is being widely used in material detection, material analysis, and material design. In this article, we discuss the basic operational procedures in analyzing material properties via machine learning, summarize recent applications of machine learning algorithms to several mature fields in materials science, and discuss the improvements that are required for wide‐ranging application.
Ganoderic acid A holds promising cytotoxicity on human glioblastoma mediated by incurring apoptosis and autophagy and inactivating PI3K/AKT signaling pathway
Authors: Cheng Yong , Xie Peng 
Published: September 2019

AbstractGanoderic acid A (GA‐A), recognized as a lanostanetriterpene isolated from Ganoderma lucidum, demonstrates an efficient antitumor activity in multiple cancers. To date, it is unclear whether and how GA‐A functions on human glioblastoma (GBM). To unravel the functional significance of GA‐A on human glioblastoma (GBM), the cell‐counting kit‐8 and transwell assays were used to detect proliferation, migration, and invasion of human GBM cell after GA‐A treatment. Then, we utilized the flow cytometry and western blot to further evaluate the effect of GA‐A on GBM cell. Further, activities of autophagy and PI3K/AKT signaling were assessed by Western blot assay. We found that GA‐A significantly inhibited proliferation, migration, and invasion of GBM cell. Additionally, GA‐A markedly triggered cell apoptosis, which incarnated an elevation trend in apoptotic percentage, simultaneously, an increased level of proapoptosis protein (Bax and active caspase‐3) and a decreased level of antiapoptosis protein (Bcl‐2), induced by GA‐A treatment. Meanwhile, levels of two well‐known autophagy markers (beclin 1 and LC3 II) increased while another autophagic substrate (P‐62) was reduced. Moreover, the expressions levels of phosphorylated AKT, mTOR, p‐P70S6K, and cyclin D1 in the PI3K/AKT pathway were significantly reduced, which revealed GA‐A repressed the activation of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Collectively, these results indicate that GA‐A may encourage U251 cell growth and invasion/migration inhibition, apoptosis, and autophagy through the inactivation of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in human GBM. Hence, GA‐A may be a potent antitumorigenic agent for human GBM in future clinical practice.
Efficient electrosynthesis of sulfinic esters via oxidative cross‐coupling between alcohols and thiophenols
Authors: Gong Fengping , Lu Fangling , Zuo Lin , Wang Qi , Li Ru , Hu Jiaxin , Li Zhen , Takfaoui Abdelilah , Lei Aiwen 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA new protocol for SO bond formation was developed by electrochemical oxidative cross‐coupling between alcohols and thiophenols. With this strategy, a series of valuable sulfinic ester derivatives were synthesized up to 96% yield from basic starting materials. A preliminary mechanistic investigation reveals that this reaction involves oxygen reduction reaction (ORR).
CircRNA expression profiles and function prediction in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Dong Zhaofei , Deng Lingna , Peng Qingxia , Pan Jingrui , Wang Yidong 
Published: September 2019

AbstractMost circular RNAs (circRNAs) belong to a novel class of noncoding RNAs that are produced by back‐splicing reactions, and they regulate physiological and pathophysiological processes in human disease. Although circRNA expression has been shown to be altered in the ischemic cerebral tissue in animal studies, the expression profile of circRNA in the patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) has not been investigated to date. In this investigation, high‐throughput sequencing was carried out to compare the circRNA expression of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from five patients with AIS and five healthy subjects. A total of 521 circRNAs were expressed differentially between the patients with AIS and healthy controls (p < .05, fold difference ≥2) including 373 upregulated circRNAs and 148 downregulated circRNAs in patients with AIS compared to controls. Thirteen candidate circRNAs were verified by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR). Bioinformatics analyses showed that these differentially expressed circRNAs were highly conserved, as well as eight circRNAs that were confirmed by qRT‐PCR containing binding sites to multiple microRNAs. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment and gene ontology analyses indicated that the aberrantly expressed circRNAs participated in many pathophysiological processes of AIS, especially regarding inflammation and immunity. In conclusion, patients with AIS differentially express certain circRNAs in PBMCs, which may be diagnostic biomarkers or potential therapeutic targets.
Developmental Pharmacodynamics and Modeling in Pediatric Drug Development
Authors: Conklin Laurie S. , Hoffman Eric P. , van den Anker John 
Published: September 2019

AbstractChallenges in pediatric drug development include small patient numbers, limited outcomes research, ethical barriers, and sparse biosamples. Increasingly, pediatric drug development is focusing on extrapolation: leveraging knowledge about adult disease and drug responses to inform projections of drug and clinical trial performance in pediatric subpopulations. Pharmacokinetic‐pharmacodynamic (PK‐PD) modeling and extrapolation aim to reduce the numbers of patients and data points needed to establish efficacy. Planning for PK‐PD and biomarker studies should begin early in the adult drug development program. Extrapolation relies on the assumption that both the underlying disease and the mechanism of action of the drug used to treat that disease are similar in adults and pediatric subpopulations. Clearly, developmental changes in PK and PD need to be considered to enhance the quality of PK‐PD modeling and, therefore, increase the success of extrapolation. This article focuses on the influence of differences in PD between adults and pediatric subpopulations that are highly relevant for the use of extrapolation.
Ontogeny and the Application of Pharmacogenomics to Pediatric Drug Development
Authors: Green Dionna 
Published: September 2019

AbstractDrug product labels are important vehicles for conveying the scientific information needed for the safe and effective use of a medicinal product. Increasingly, pharmacogenomic (PGx) information is being incorporated into US Food and Drug Administration‐approved product labels. In the majority of cases, the PGx information in labeling is derived from studies in adults. Observed genotype‐phenotype relationships in adults may not always be reflective of those in certain pediatric age groups because of the influence of ontogeny. The quantitative data necessary for modeling certain genomic markers in pediatrics is still lacking, and further research focused on generating this is needed. In addition, drug safety research focused on understanding the potential contributions of ontogeny, PGx and other underlying mechanisms to differences in adverse drug reactions between pediatrics and adults is warranted.
Biological nutrient removal from slaughterhouse wastewater via nitritation/denitritation using granular sludge: an onsite pilot demonstration
Authors: Dobbeleers Thomas , Caluwé Michel , Dockx Lennert , Daens Dominque , D'aes Jolien , Dries Jan 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn this study, an onsite pilot sequencing batch reactor (SBR) of 450 L was operated at a local Flemish slaughterhouse in two consecutive periods. During period I, nitrogen removal via nitritation/denitritation (Nit/DNit) was achieved by the use of an innovative startup strategy without seed sludge and subsequently maintained by the use of aeration phase length control based on the oxygen uptake rate (OUR). In period II, the operational strategy was modified. In order to obtain Nit/DNit granular sludge (GS), an anaerobic (feast) feeding was introduced followed by a dynamic controlled (OUR‐based) aerobic (famine) reaction step.RESULTSAfter 74 days, the local (Flemish) legislation standards for COD (125 mg O2 L−1) and T‐N (15 mg N L−1) were fulfilled. During period II, floccular sludge was partially transformed into GS, which resulted in increased COD and NH4‐N conversion rates of 50 and 60% respectively. Average removal efficiencies for SCOD, N and P during period II were 89.5 ± 4.2, 88.8 ± 9.8 and 84.4 ± 9.3% respectively. Despite the relatively low biomass concentrations (2.5 g L−1), excellent sludge settling was reported, with SVI30 < 100 mL g−1 from day 167 onwards. Moreover, it was found that the operational strategy and temperature variability had a crucial impact on the microbial community dynamics and granule growth.CONCLUSIONThis study demonstrated the Nit/DNit BNR‐GS system in a real operational environment through the operation of an onsite pilot plant. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Hand‐foot‐and‐mouth disease in uruguay: Coxsackievirus A6 identified as causative of an outbreak in a rural childcare center
Authors: Lizasoain Andrés , Piegas Sofia , Victoria Matías , Da Silva Edson E. , Colina Rodney 
Published: September 2019

AbstractTo know the epidemiological context of hand‐foot‐and‐mouth disease (HFMD) in a region of Uruguay and to identify the Enterovirus responsible for an outbreak in a rural childcare center in 2018. Swab samples from skin lesions and/or stools samples were collected from children suffering HFMD during an outbreak in a rural childcare center. Samples were subject to viral RNA extraction and reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction towards VP1 coding segment, to identify the Enterovirus type by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Total of 149 cases of HFMD affecting 98 boys and 51 girls were reported in Salto Province‐Uruguay in 2018. Total 60% of the cases were originated from outbreaks, which occurred in ten educative and childcare institutions from both urban and rural areas. Coxsackievirus‐6 (CV‐A6) was identified as responsible for one of the rural outbreaks. Uruguayan strains were more related to strains reported in Russia, Turkey, and Germany (2014‐2017) than to strains reported in Brazil and Argentina from 2015 to 2016. This is the first report of CV‐A6‐associated HFMD in Uruguay, evidencing a wide geographic range of the virus in the Latin American region. Our report also warns about CV‐A6‐associated HFMD during winter, contrarily to most reports that register HFMD during summer and fall seasons.
Aberrant features of in vivo striatal dynamics in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Lee Kwang , Masmanidis Sotiris C. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe striatum plays an important role in learning, selecting, and executing actions. As a major input hub of the basal ganglia, it receives and processes a diverse array of signals related to sensory, motor, and cognitive information. Aberrant neural activity in this area is implicated in a wide variety of neurological and psychiatric disorders. It is therefore important to understand the hallmarks of disrupted striatal signal processing. This review surveys literature examining how in vivo striatal microcircuit dynamics are impacted in animal models of one of the most widely studied movement disorders, Parkinson's disease. The review identifies four major features of aberrant striatal dynamics: altered relative levels of direct and indirect pathway activity, impaired information processing by projection neurons, altered information processing by interneurons, and increased synchrony.
Algicidal characterization and mechanism of Bacillus licheniformis Sp34 against Microcystis aeruginosa in Dianchi Lake
Authors: Liu Jinyu , Yang Caiyun , Chi Yuxin , Wu Donghao , Dai Xianzhu , Zhang Xiaohui , Igarashi Yasuo , Luo Feng 
Published: September 2019

AbstractMicrocystis aeruginosa blooms are a worldwide serious environmental problem and bloom control with bacteria is promising. In this study, a Bacillus licheniformis strain Sp34 with potent algicidal and inhibitory effects on the microcystins synthesis against fast‐growing M. aeruginosa was isolated from Dianchi Lake. Sp34 killed the bloom‐causing algal strain M. aeruginosa DCM4 of Dianchi Lake with an initial Chlorophyll‐a concentration of 2.0 mg/L at a cell density of no less than 1.35 × 105 CFU/ml. It can also efficiently kill some other harmful algal species, such as M. wesenbergii and Phormidium sp. The algicidal activity of Sp34 relied on the release of algicidal substances, which had good heat (−20°C to 121°C) and acid–base (pH 3–11) resistance. In addition, the high algicidal activity depended on the good growth of algae indicated by the significantly positive correlations between algal growth and algicidal ratio (p < .001). The algicidal effect of Sp34 involved causing oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, and morphological injury of algal cells, along with DNA damage and dysfunction of DNA‐repair function, weakening the photosynthesis system, and inhibiting microcystin synthesis. In general, Sp34 can kill fast‐growing M. aeruginosa and inhibit algal microcystin synthesis efficiently, so, it is a promising biocontrol agent to mitigate cyanobacterial blooms.
Sensory dysregulation in tic disorders is associated with executive dysfunction and comorbidities
Authors: Soler Nicolette , Hardwick Chris , Perkes Iain E. , Mohammad Shekeeb S. , Dossetor David , Nunn Kenneth , Bray Paula , Dale Russell C. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundTics are conceptualized as a sensorimotor phenomenon with a premonitory urge typically described by patients. As observed in other neurodevelopmental disorders, we have observed sensory dysregulation symptoms, such as tactile hypersensitivity to clothing, in children with tic disorders; however, formal clinical research in this area is limited.ObjectiveTo define the presence of sensory dysregulation symptoms in tic disorders, and their clinical associations.MethodsPrevalence of sensory dysregulation in 102 children with tic disorders was compared to 61 age‐ and sex‐matched healthy controls. Sensory dysregulation, executive function, and quality of life data were obtained through the Short Sensory Profile‐2, Sensory Profile‐2, Sensory Processing Measure, Behaviour Rating Inventory of Executive Function‐2, and Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire and Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory. Tics were assessed with the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale.ResultsChildren with tics, in the presence of comorbidity, had elevated sensory dysregulation compared to healthy controls (P < 0.001). There was a positive correlation between sensory dysregulation and global executive difficulties in children with tics and comorbidity (n = 87; rho = 0.716; P < 0.001) and a negative correlation of sensory dysregulation with quality of life (n = 87; rho = –0.595; P < 0.001). In children with tics, there was an association between sensory dysregulation and number of comorbidities (P < 0.001).ConclusionIn the presence of comorbidity, children with tic disorders have broad sensory dysregulation symptoms beyond the premonitory urge. There was a statistically significant association between sensory dysregulation and executive function difficulties and the presence of neurodevelopmental and psychiatric comorbidity. Sensory dysregulation can be considered neurodevelopmental symptoms, providing insight into the neurobiology of tics and opportunities for therapeutic intervention. © 2019 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society