bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of four techniques for spine stereotactic body radiotherapy: Dosimetric and efficiency analysis
Authors: Aljabab Saif , Vellayappan Balamurugan , Vandervoort Eric , Bahm Jamie , Zohr Robert , Sinclair John , Caudrelier Jean‐Michel , Szanto Janos , Malone Shawn 
Published: February 2018

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this study is to compare the dosimetric differences between four techniques for spine stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT): CyberKnife (CK), volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT), and helical tomotherapy (HT) with dynamic jaws (HT‐D) and fixed jaws (HT‐F).Materials/methodsData from 10 patients were utilized. All patients were planned for 24 Gy in two fractions, with the primary objectives being: (a) restricting the maximum dose to the cord to ≤ 17 Gy and/or cauda equina to ≤ 20 Gy, and (b) to maximize the clinical target volume (CTV) to receive the prescribed dose. Treatment plans were generated by separate dosimetrists and then compared using velocity AI. Parameters of comparison include target volume coverage, conformity index (CI), gradient index (GI), homogeneity index (HI), treatment time (TT) per fraction, and monitor units (MU) per fraction.ResultsPTV D2 and D5 were significantly higher for CK compared to VMAT, HT‐F, and HT‐D (P < 0.001). The average volume of CTV receiving the prescription dose (CTV D95) was significantly less for VMAT compared to CK, HT‐F and HT‐D (P = 0.036). CI improved for CK (0.69), HT‐F (0.66), and HT‐D (0.67) compared to VMAT (0.52) (P = 0.013). CK (41.86) had the largest HI compared to VMAT (26.99), HT‐F (20.69), and HT‐D (21.17) (P < 0.001). GI was significantly less for CK (3.96) compared to VMAT (6.76) (P = 0.001). Likewise, CK (62.4 min, 14059 MU) had the longest treatment time and MU per fraction compared to VMAT (8.5 min, 9764 MU), HT‐F (13 min, 10822 MU), and HT‐D (13.5 min, 11418 MU) (P < 0.001).ConclusionBoth CK and HT plans achieved conformal target coverage while respecting cord tolerance. Dose heterogeneity was significantly larger in CK. VMAT required the least treatment time and MU output, but had the least steep GI, CI, and target coverage.
Atomic Layer Deposition of Conducting CuS Thin Films from Elemental Sulfur
Authors: Tripathi Tripurari S. , Lahtinen Jouko , Karppinen Maarit 
Published: February 2018

AbstractA facile, yet precisely controlled and efficient atomic layer deposition (ALD) process is reported for high‐quality copper(II) sulfide thin films based on elemental solid sulfur as the source for sulfur; Cu(acac)2 (acac: acetylacetonate) is used as the copper precursor. In the deposition temperature range as low as 140–160 °C, the process proceeds in an essentially ideal ALD manner and yields single‐phase CuS thin films with appreciably high growth rate of ≈4 Å per cycle. When the deposition temperature is increased above 160 °C the growth rate considerably increases and flake‐like nanostructures evolve. All the as‐deposited films are crystalline, highly conducting, and specularly reflecting. Seebeck coefficient measurements confirm the p‐type conducting nature of the films. The direct optical bandgap as determined from UV–vis spectroscopic measurements varies in the range of 2.40–2.54 eV, depending on the deposition temperature.
Growth‐Oriented Fe‐Based MOFs Synergized with Graphene Aerogels for High‐Performance Supercapacitors
Authors: Liu Lin , Yan Yang , Cai Zihe , Lin Shengxuan , Hu Xiaobin 
Published: February 2018

AbstractMetal–organic frameworks (MOFs) and graphene aerogels (GAs) are both considered as good candidates for high‐performance supercapacitors. In this work, a growth‐oriented Fe‐based MOF synergized with GA composite for supercapacitor is prepared. MIL‐88‐Fe is in situ grown at (002) lattice plane on the surface of graphene via a one‐step solvothermal method. Long periodic hexagonal structure and electrophilicity of MOF provide strong p–π interaction with graphene sheets. By utilizing the abundant interspace of GA, the existence of MOF could affect the electric double‐layer characteristics of composites. The MOF/GA composites have the advantages of high capacitive volume, fast charge/discharge rate, and reliable cycling stability. The specific capacitance is as high as 353 F g−1 at the scan rate of 20 A g−1, and the retention ratio is 74.4% after 10 000 cycles.
A New Printed Electronics Approach Eliminating Redundant Fabrication Process of Vertical Interconnect Accesses: Building Multilayered Circuits in Porous Materials
Authors: Zhang Tengyuan , Asher Eaton , Yang Jun 
Published: February 2018

AbstractPrinted electronics are striving for smaller size, increased functionality, and lower energy consumption, which impose critical demand for multilayered printed circuits. As a low‐cost and green substrate, cellulose paper has become the most attractive choice for the printing of sustainable and disposable electronics. However, the redundant processes of drilling holes and/or depositing of dielectric materials, when fabricating the vertical interconnect access (VIA) for these multilayered circuits, greatly increase the cost. In this paper, a simple, cost‐effective, and scalable method is proposed for fabricating high‐performance, multilayered paper‐based circuits which contain highly conductive VIAs without physically drilling holes or depositing additional dielectric material. Taking advantages of inkjet printing and electroless copper deposition, the metallization depth of the substrate can be controlled with ease. In the proposed method, the porous structure of cellulose paper, which is previously an obstacle to printed electronics, becomes an advantage by triggering the 3D copper deposition, resulting in an ultralow sheet resistance of ≈4.8 mΩ sq−1 for single layer traces and ≈2.6 mΩ sq−1 for VIAs. A functional double‐layered and battery‐free device with drill‐less VIA, featuring an energy harvesting function, is fabricated using the proposed method on paper for the first time.
Mutations and prognosis in myelodysplastic syndromes: karyotype‐adjusted analysis of targeted sequencing in 300 consecutive cases and development of a genetic risk model
Authors: Gangat Naseema , Mudireddy Mythri , Lasho Terra L. , Finke Christy M. , Nicolosi Maura , Szuber Natasha , Patnaik Mrinal M. , Pardanani Animesh , Hanson Curtis A. , Ketterling Rhett P. , Tefferi Ayalew 
Published: February 2018

AbstractTo develop a genetic risk model for primary myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), we queried the prognostic significance of next‐generation sequencing (NGS)‐derived mutations, in the context of the Mayo cytogenetic risk stratification, which includes high‐risk (monosomal karyotype; MK), intermediate‐risk (non‐MK, classified as intermediate/poor/very poor, per the revised international prognostic scoring system; IPSS‐R), and low‐risk (classified as good/very good, per IPSS‐R). Univariate analysis in 300 consecutive patients with primary MDS identified TP53, RUNX1, U2AF1, ASXL1, EZH2, and SRSF2 mutations as “unfavorable” and SF3B1 as “favorable” risk factors for survival; for the purposes of the current study, the absence of SF3B1 mutation was accordingly dubbed as an “adverse” mutation. Analysis adjusted for age and MK, based on our previous observation of significant clustering between MK and TP53 mutations, confirmed independent prognostic contribution from RUNX1, ASXL1, and SF3B1 mutations. Multivariable analysis that included age, the Mayo cytogenetics risk model and the number of adverse mutations resulted in HRs (95% CI) of 5.3 (2.5‐10.3) for presence of three adverse mutations, 2.4 (1.6‐3.7) for presence of two adverse mutations, 1.5 (1.02‐2.2) for presence of one adverse mutation, 5.6 (3.4‐9.1) for high‐risk karyotype, 1.5 (1.1‐2.2) for intermediate‐risk karyotype and 2.4 (1.8‐3.3) for age >70 years; HR‐weighted risk point assignment generated a three‐tiered genetic risk model: high (N = 65; 5‐year survival 2%), intermediate (N = 100; 5‐year survival 18%), and low (N = 135; 5‐year survival 56%). The current study provides a practically simple risk model in MDS that is based on age, karyotype, and mutations only.
Stereotactic laser amygdalohippocampotomy for mesial temporal lobe epilepsy
Authors: Gross Robert E. , Stern Matthew A. , Willie Jon T. , Fasano Rebecca E. , Saindane Amit M. , Soares Bruno P. , Pedersen Nigel P. , Drane Daniel L. 
Published: February 2018

ObjectiveTo evaluate the outcomes 1 year and longer following stereotactic laser amygdalohippocampotomy for mesial temporal lobe epilepsy in a large series of patients treated over a 5‐year period since introduction of this novel technique.MethodsSurgical outcomes of a consecutive series of 58 patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy who underwent the surgery at our institution with at least 12 months of follow‐up were retrospectively evaluated. A subgroup analysis was performed comparing patients with and without mesial temporal sclerosis.ResultsOne year following stereotactic laser amygdalohippocampotomy, 53.4% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 40.8–65.7%) of all patients were free of disabling seizures (Engel I). Three of 9 patients became seizure‐free following repeat ablation. Subgroup analysis showed that 60.5% (95% CI = 45.6–73.7%) of patients with mesial temporal sclerosis were free of disabling seizures as compared to 33.3% (95% CI = 15.0–58.5%) of patients without mesial temporal sclerosis. Quality of Life in Epilepsy‐31 scores significantly improved at the group level, few procedure‐related complications were observed, and verbal memory outcome was better than historical open resection data.InterpretationIn an unselected consecutive series of patients, stereotactic laser amygdalohippocampotomy yielded seizure‐free rates for patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy lower than, but comparable to, the outcomes typically associated with open temporal lobe surgery. Analogous to results from open surgery, patients without mesial temporal sclerosis fared less well. This novel procedure is an effective minimally invasive alternative to resective surgery. In the minority of patients not free of disabling seizures, laser ablation presents no barrier to additional open surgery. Ann Neurol 2018;83:575–587
Hydrogen‐Bonded Organic Aromatic Frameworks for Ultralong Phosphorescence by Intralayer π–π Interactions
Authors: Cai Suzhi , Shi Huifang , Zhang Zaiyong , Wang Xuan , Ma Huili , Gan Nan , Wu Qi , Cheng Zhichao , Ling Kun , Gu Mingxing , Ma Chaoqun , Gu Long , An Zhongfu , Huang Wei 
Published: February 2018

AbstractUltralong organic phosphorescence (UOP) based on metal‐free porous materials is rarely reported owing to rapid nonradiative transition under ambient conditions. In this study, hydrogen‐bonded organic aromatic frameworks (HOAFs) with different pore sizes were constructed through strong intralayer π–π interactions to enable ultralong phosphorescence in metal‐free porous materials under ambient conditions for the first time. Impressively, yellow UOP with a lifetime of 79.8 ms observed for PhTCz‐1 lasted for several seconds upon ceasing the excitation. For PhTCz‐2 and PhTCz‐3, on account of oxygen‐dependent phosphorescence quenching, UOP could only be visualized in N2, thus demonstrating the potential of phosphorescent porous materials for oxygen sensing. This result not only outlines a principle for the design of new HOFs with high thermal stability, but also expands the scope of metal‐free luminescent materials with the property of UOP.
Verbrauchsprognosen für Sanierungskonzepte von Gebäuden und Quartieren
Authors: vom Stein Theresia , Sauerwein David , Kuhn Christoph 
Published: February 2018

AbstractIm Rahmen von Sanierungskonzepten werden Verbrauchsprognosen zur Quantifizierung und Bewertung von Energieeinsparpotenzialen erstellt. Dabei ist zu beachten, dass sich das Verhältnis von bilanziertem Energiebedarf und tatsächlichem Energieverbrauch vor und nach der Sanierung nicht linear verhält. Während der berechnete Wärmebedarf vor der Sanierung häufig höher ist als der gemessene Wärmeverbrauch, ist er nach der Sanierung meist niedriger. Dieser vermeintliche Widerspruch wird mit den Begriffen „Prebound‐Effekt” und „Rebound‐Effekt” beschrieben. Prebound‐ und Rebound‐Effekte können zu einer Überschätzung der potenziellen Energieeinsparungen und zu einer Beeinträchtigung der Gesamtwirtschaftlichkeit von Sanierungsmaßnahmen führen. Daher sollten sie in der Erarbeitung und Auswertung von Sanierungsstrategien berücksichtigt und einkalkuliert werden.Es wird ein Prognosemodell vorgestellt, das realistische Wärme‐Verbrauchsprognosen auf einer anpassbaren, empirischen Datengrundlage ermöglicht und sowohl für Wohn‐ als auch für Nichtwohngebäude anwendbar ist. Die Aggregation der Prognosen auf große Gebäudebestände dient zur ganzheitlichen Optimierung gebäudeübergreifender Sanierungsstrategien. Am Beispiel des Campus Lichtwiese der TU Darmstadt wird das Prognosemodell exemplarisch angewendet und die Relevanz der Berücksichtigung von Prebound‐ und Rebound‐Effekten verdeutlicht.
Behaglichkeit – Wechselwirkungen bauphysikalischer Einflüsse
Authors: Dworok Philipp‐Martin , Mehra Schew‐Ram 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAufgrund der stringenteren bauphysikalischen Anforderungen an Gebäude gewinnt die Behaglichkeit immer mehr an Bedeutung. Dieser Beitrag zeigt anhand einer Literaturauswertung und eigener Untersuchungsergebnisse den Stand des Wissens bezüglich der Behaglichkeit auf. Insbesondere wird dabei die Wechselwirkung thermischer und akustischer Parameter auf die Behaglichkeit herausgearbeitet. Trotz der uneinheitlichen Untersuchungsrandbedingungen, die teilweise zu widersprüchlichen Ergebnissen führen, ist festzuhalten, dass thermische und akustische Raumparameter einen interagierenden Einfluss auf die Beurteilung der Gesamtbehaglichkeit haben. Deshalb muss jeder Raumparameter, der durch menschliche Wahrnehmung erfasst und subjektiv bewertet wird, bei der Behaglichkeitsbeurteilung in Abhängigkeit der Nutzungsfunktion und Raumsituation berücksichtigt werden. Ganzheitliche Ansätze werden bereits thematisiert sowie diskutiert und sind aufgrund der aufgezeigten Wechselwirkungen zukünftig differenzierter zu betrachten, um die Behaglichkeit trotz der komplexen bauphysikalischen Einflüsse umfassend bewerten zu können.
Surface‐Binding Peptide Facilitates Electricity‐Driven NADPH‐Free Cytochrome P450 Catalysis
Authors: Zernia Sarah , Frank Ronny , Weiße Renato H.‐J. , Jahnke Heinz‐Georg , Bellmann‐Sickert Kathrin , Prager Andrea , Abel Bernd , Sträter Norbert , Robitzki Andrea , Beck‐Sickinger Annette G. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe front cover artwork for issue 3/2018 is a collaboration between three groups of Leipzig University and the Leibniz Institute of Surface Modification e.V., Leipzig (B. Abel). The university groups of A. Beck‐Sickinger and A. Robitzki are from the Institute of Biochemistry and N. Sträter is a member of the Institute of Bioanalytical Chemistry. The image displays the immobilization of cytochrome P450 BM3 on metal oxides mediated by a binding peptide, which enables the energization of the enzyme with electric potential to facilitate electrocatalysis on different substrates. See the Full Paper itself at https://doi.org/10.1002/cctc.201701810.
Screening for linearly and nonlinearly related variables in predictive cheminformatic models
Authors: Hemmateenejad Bahram , Baumann Knut 
Published: February 2018

AbstractFor a long time, feature selection has been a hot topic in the statistical‐related literature and has become increasingly frequent and important in various research fields. Feature screening methods using marginal correlation show potential problems. Another issue that hinders to select an important variable is the shading effect of a highly influential variable on the variables of lower importance. Feature selection can be even more complex in the presence of nonlinear relations. To overcome these limitations, an innovative method for selecting linearly and nonlineary correlated variables is presented. It works based on the hyphenation of nonparametric variable ranking methods with nonparametric regression methods through an iterative regression based on residuals. Here, maximal information coefficient and distance correlation are used to rank the variables. The algorithm starts with modeling the relationship between response and the top‐ranking variable by using multivariate adaptive regression splines method. In the next iterations, the top‐ranking variables are selected based on relationship with subsequent residuals. The validation of the method is discussed by using 2 nonlinear simulated data. The method is further validated by analysis of 2 real cheminformatic data sets including toxicity of 1571 industrial chemicals and aqueous solubility of a diverse set of 1708 organic molecules.
Trajectory‐based phase partition and multiphase multilinear models for monitoring and quality prediction of multiphase batch processes
Authors: Luo Lijia 
Published: February 2018

AbstractNew process monitoring and quality prediction methods are proposed for the batch process with multiple operation phases. First, a trajectory‐based phase partition method is developed to divide a batch process into different operation phases by clustering the time slices of reference batches using the warped K‐means algorithm. Multilinear modeling methods, eg, parallel factor analysis and N‐way partial least squares (NPLS), are then used to model the 3‐way batch data in each operation phase. An online process monitoring method is proposed based on the multiphase parallel factor analysis models. An online quality prediction method is developed based on 2‐level quality prediction models, consisting of the first‐level multiphase multiway partial least squares models and the second‐level multiphase NPLS models. The first‐level multiway partial least squares models carry out real‐time quality prediction at each sampling time in different operation phases. At the end of each operation phase, the second‐level multiphase NPLS model is used to compute a more accurate quality prediction by taking into account the phase accumulative effect on the final produce quality. The implementation, effectiveness, and advantages of the proposed methods are illustrated with a case study on a penicillin fermentation process.
Development of a vision‐based online soft sensor for oil sands flotation using support vector regression and its application in the dynamic monitoring of bitumen extraction
Authors: Popli Khushaal , Maries Victor , Afacan Artin , Liu Qi , Prasad Vinay 
Published: February 2018

AbstractExtraction from oil sands is a crucial step in the industrial recovery of bitumen. It is challenging to obtain online measurements of process outputs such as bitumen grade and recovery. Online measurements are a prerequisite for innovating better process control solutions for process efficiency and cost reduction. We have developed a soft sensor to provide online measurements of bitumen grade and recovery in a flotation‐based oil sand extraction process. Continuous froth images were captured using a VisioFroth camera system on a batch flotation unit. A support vector regression (SVR) model with a Gaussian kernel was constructed to develop a soft sensor for bitumen grade and recovery using froth image features as the inputs. The model was trained and validated for batch flotation of different grades of oil sands ore at industry‐relevant process conditions. A Dean‐Stark analyzer was used to obtain offline grade and recovery measurements that were used to calibrate the soft sensor. Mean squared errors (MSE) of 62 and 74 were achieved for grade (%) and recovery (%), respectively, and this was obtained using 5‐fold cross validation. The developed soft sensor model has been applied successfully in the real‐time dynamic monitoring of flotation grade and recovery for different grades of ore and operating conditions.
Fatigability and endurance performance in cancer survivors: Analyses from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging
Authors: Gresham Gillian , Dy Sydney M. , Zipunnikov Vadim , Browner Ilene S. , Studenski Stephanie A. , Simonsick Eleanor M. , Ferrucci Luigi , Schrack Jennifer A. 
Published: February 2018

BACKGROUNDFatigue is prevalent and distressing among cancer survivors, but its subjective nature makes it difficult to identify. Fatigability, defined as task‐specific fatigue, and endurance performance may be useful supplemental measures of functional status in cancer survivors.METHODSFatigability, endurance performance, and cancer history were assessed every 2 years in Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging participants between 2007 and 2015. Fatigability was defined according to the Borg rating of perceived exertion scale after a 5‐minute, slow treadmill walk; and endurance performance was calculated according to the ability and time to complete a fast‐paced, 400‐meter walk. The association between cancer history, fatigability, and endurance performance was evaluated using longitudinal analyses adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, and comorbidities.RESULTSOf 1665 participants, 334 (20%) reported a history of cancer. A combination of older age (>65 years) and a history of cancer was associated with 3.8 and 8.6 greater odds of high perceived fatigability and poor endurance, respectively (P < .01). Older adults with and without a history of cancer walked 42 and 23 seconds slower than younger adults without a history of cancer, respectively (P < .01). The median times to the development of high fatigability and poor endurance were shorter among those who had a history of cancer compared with those who had no history of cancer (P < .01).CONCLUSIONSThe current findings suggest that a history of cancer is associated with fatigability and poor endurance and that this effect is significantly greater in older adults. Evaluating the effects of cancer and age on fatigability may illuminate potential pathways and targets for future interventions. Cancer 2018;124:1279‐87. © 2018 American Cancer Society.
Inferring distinct mechanisms in the absence of subjective differences: Placebo and centrally acting analgesic underlie unique brain adaptations
Authors: Tétreault Pascal , Baliki Marwan N. , Baria Alexis T. , Bauer William R. , Schnitzer Thomas J. , Apkarian A. Vania 
Published: February 2018

AbstractDevelopment and maintenance of chronic pain is associated with structural and functional brain reorganization. However, few studies have explored the impact of drug treatments on such changes. The extent to which long‐term analgesia is related to brain adaptations and its effects on the reversibility of brain reorganization remain unclear. In a randomized placebo‐controlled clinical trial, we contrasted pain relief (3‐month treatment period), and anatomical (gray matter density [GMD], assessed by voxel‐based morphometry) and functional connectivity (resting state fMRI nodal degree count [DC]) adaptations, in 39 knee osteoarthritis (OA) patients (22 females), randomized to duloxetine (DLX, 60 mg once daily) or placebo. Pain relief was equivalent between treatment types. However, distinct circuitry (GMD and DC) could explain pain relief in each group: up to 85% of variance for placebo analgesia and 49% of variance for DLX analgesia. No behavioral measures (collected at entry into the study) could independently explain observed analgesia. Identified circuitry were outside of nociceptive circuitry and minimally overlapped with OA‐abnormal or placebo response predictive brain regions. Mediation analysis revealed that changes in GMD and DC can influence each other across remote brain regions to explain observed analgesia. Therefore, we can conclude that distinct brain mechanisms underlie DLX and placebo analgesia in OA. The results demonstrate that even in the absence of differences in subjective pain relief, pharmacological treatments can be differentiated from placebo based on objective brain biomarkers. This is a crucial step to untangling mechanisms and advancing personalized therapy approaches for chronic pain.