bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship among clinical periodontal, microbiologic parameters and lung function in participants with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Tan Lisi , Tang Xiaolin , Pan Chunling , Wang Hongyan , Pan Yaping 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship among clinical periodontal, microbiologic parameters and lung function in participants with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).MethodsA total of 160 participants were recruited, including 80 participants with COPD (COPD group) and 80 participants without COPD (control group). All participants completed questionnaires and underwent clinical periodontal and lung function examinations. Subgingival plaques were obtained to determine the prevalence of selected oral and respiratory bacterial species.Results1) Significant relationships were noted in the participants among oral hygiene index‐simplified (OHI‐S), clinical attachment level (CAL) and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1%). 2) Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), Klebsiella pneumonia (Kp), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pa) and Streptococcus pneumonia (Sp) prevalence was increased in participants with COPD compared with control participants. 3) A significant negative association was noted between the relative content of Pg and FEV1% in participants with COPD.ConclusionThe results of this study confirm that periodontal destruction and oral pathogens are associated with lung function.
A comparison of medication profiles held by general practitioners and those documented during Home Medication Reviews
Authors: Carson Sue , Kairuz Therese 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe Home Medication Review (HMR) is a specialised medication management service designed to maximise medication safety and quality use of medicines.AimTo identify the type and number of discrepancies between information elicited during an HMR and information documented in general practitioner (GP) referral letters, and to determine the potential risk and clinical impact of discrepancies.MethodGP referral letters and HMR medication profiles of 60 consenting HMR recipients were compared to identify discrepancies. Discrepancies were grouped according to five types. For each discrepancy the potential clinical risk was determined relative to individual subjects and classified as minimal, moderate or severe. A case study approach was used to calculate hypothetical economic implications if discrepancies had not been detected.ResultsThere were 833 medications in the dataset and subjects took between three and 24 medications (average 10.4 per subject). Of the 247 discrepancies the greatest number were related to dose (24.6%; n = 61), followed by not taking prescribed medicines (23.1%; n = 57), taking complementary therapies (20.6%; n = 51) and prescription medicines which were not documented in the referral letter (17.4%; n = 43) and over‐the‐counter (OTC) medicines (14.2%; n = 35). Just over one‐fifth of discrepancies (55/247) had potential to cause serious clinical consequences, with dose discrepancies of prescribed medications associated with over one‐third (36.4%, 20/55).ConclusionAltered doses, patients not taking prescribed medicines, or taking complementary and alternative medicines, other prescription medicines or OTC products were common discrepancies. Serious risks were associated with taking (other) prescription medicines which were not included in the referral letter.
Decision tree, a learning tool for the prediction of beef tenderness using rearing factors and carcass characteristics
Authors: Gagaoua Mohammed , Monteils Valérie , Picard Brigitte 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe present study explored the potential use of decision trees on rearing factors (q = 10) and carcass characteristics (q = 12) for the development of prediction model rules of beef tenderness prediction/categorization. Accordingly, 308 young bulls were used by a sensory panel to evaluate the tenderness potential of ribeye steaks grilled at 55 °C. A classification and regression tree method was implemented and allowed the prediction of tenderness using (i) rearing factors, (ii) carcass characteristics or (iii) both.RESULTSThe resultant tree models yielded predictive accuracies of 70.78% (with four rearing factors: concentrate percentage; fattening duration; initial body weight and dry matter intake); 67.21% (with four carcass characteristics: fatness carcass score; carcass weight; dressing percentage and muscle carcass percentage) and 84.41% (with six rearing factors and carcass characteristics) compared to the k‐means clustering of tenderness. In the final and robust regression tree, from the 22 attribute information, two carcass characteristics (fatness carcass score and muscle carcass percentage) and four rearing factors (fattening duration; concentrate percentage; dry matter intake and initial body weight) were retained as predictors. The first splitter of the 308 ribeye steaks in accordance with their tenderness scores was fatness carcass score, followed by fattening duration and concentrate percentage.CONCLUSIONThe trial in the preset study highlights the importance of thresholding approach for efficiently classifying ribeye steaks in accordance with their tenderness potential. The overall prediction model rule was: IF (fatness carcass score ≥ 2.88) AND (concentrate ≥ 82%) [AND (muscle carcass ≥ 71%)] THEN meat was [very] tender. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Simultaneous determination of enantiomers of carfentrazone‐ethyl and its metabolite in eight matrices using high‐performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Duan Jinsheng , Dong Xu , Shen Yang , Gao Beibei , Zhang Zhaoxian , Gao Tongchun , Wang Minghua 
Published: August 2018

AbstractA reversed‐phase simultaneous determination method for the enantiomers of carfentrazone‐ethyl and its metabolite carfentrazone in agricultural and environmental samples was established using high‐performance liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry. A complete enantioseparation of carfentrazone‐ethyl and its chiral metabolite carfentrazone enantiomers was obtained using a chiral column. The absolute configuration and specific optical rotation of carfentrazone‐ethyl and carfentrazone enantiomers were first confirmed as peaks 1, 2, 3, and 4: S‐(+)‐carfentrazone, R‐(‐)‐carfentrazone, S‐(‐)‐carfentrazone‐ethyl, and R‐(+)‐carfentrazone‐ethyl, respectively. The specificity, matrix effect, linearity, precision, accuracy, and stability were surveyed to evaluate the feasibility of the method. The mean recovery was in the range of 77.5–102.8% with relative standard deviations of 0.4‐9.8% for the samples. The limits of detection of the enantiomers were evaluated as 0.7 to 6.0 μg/kg, and the limits of quantification were 2.5 to 20 μg/kg. The stereoselective degradation of carfentrazone‐ethyl and carfentrazone in rice plant was investigated, and there was no clear enantioselectivity for carfentrazone‐ethyl. As for carfentrazone, the enantiomer fractions value reached 0.85 at 7 days after spraying. The developed method was simple and reliable enough for the corresponding risk assessment of carfentrazone‐ethyl and its metabolite enantiomers in crop plants, cereal grains, and soil samples.
Direct from solid natural products to pure compounds in a single step: Coupling online extraction with high‐speed counter‐current chromatography
Authors: Guo Keke , Peng Mijun , Tong Chaoying , Shi Shuyun , Liu Yuge 
Published: August 2018

AbstractExtraction is the most important step in the purification of bioactive compounds from natural products. This study introduces a simple online extraction strategy coupled with high‐speed counter‐current chromatography for efficient extraction and purification of bioactive components from solid natural products. For online extraction strategy, 1.0 g of ground Mangnolia officinalis or Piper nigrum was loaded into a guard column, which was then positioned on the manual injection valve instead of the sample loop. Bioactive components were directly extracted by the mobile phase of high‐speed counter‐current chromatography, and then transferred into high‐speed counter‐current chromatography for purification. In addition, the compatibility of the developed methodology for direct purification of bioactive components from fresh M. officinalis was successfully demonstrated. Obviously, in comparison with traditional offline heat‐reflux extraction, online extraction avoided the instrument, time, solvent, and energy consumption, and purified two phenolic compounds (honokiol and magnolol) from M. officinalis and three alkaloids (piperyline, piperine, and piperanine) from P. nigrum with high extraction efficiency. The superiority of the developed methodology is to establish an easy, rapid, and efficient technique for the purification of a wide variety of bioactive components from solid natural products.
A rapid classification and identification method applied to the analysis of glycosides in Bupleuri radix and liquorice by ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry
Authors: Shan Lanlan , Yang Na , Zhao Yiwei , Sheng Xue , Yang Shenshen , Li Yubo 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBupleuri radix and liquorice are commonly used as a hepatoprotectants. Their main effective ingredients are triterpenoid saponins. It is known that the saponins in liquorice and Bupleuri radix not only promote the metabolism of sugar and lipids but also have anti‐inflammatory functions and hepatoprotective effect. However, the complexity of these compounds results in difficulty in studying their pharmacodynamics and mechanism. In this study, glycosides were the main components that were identified and selected as the main research object. First, the mass spectrometry information of the main chemical components in liquorice and Bupleuri radix were collected from the literature. The characteristic fragments and neutral losses were summarized according to typical cleavage methods. Second, the samples were analysed using ultra‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry, and characteristic fragment filters and neutral loss filters were successfully applied to screen 18 saponins from Bupleuri radix and 23 saponins and nine flavonoid glycosides from liquorice. Rapid classification and identification of the main components in Bupleuri radix and liquorice were finally achieved. This method promoted the development of chemical components in Bupleuri radix and liquorice, and provided a new way for screening, classifying, and identifying target components in complex samples of metabolomics and pharmacokinetics.
Outcomes of Mental Health Screening for United Kingdom Nationals Affected by the 2015–2016 Terrorist Attacks in Tunisia, Paris, and Brussels
Authors: Gobin Maya , Rubin G. James , Albert Idit , Beck Alison , Danese Andrea , Greenberg Neil , Grey Nick , Smith Patrick , Oliver Isabel 
Published: August 2018

AbstractFollowing several terrorist attacks in 2015 and 2016, a national program was set up to identify and support residents of England whose mental health had been affected. We report the outcomes of the program's screening and assessment components. Questionnaires and information about the program were mailed to 483 people and 49 families known to the police. Individuals who screened positive on an assessment for posttraumatic stress disorder, anxiety, depression, increased smoking, or problematic alcohol consumption were offered clinical assessment and referred to an appropriate National Health Service (NHS) service, if required. Of the 195 eligible people who returned our questionnaires, 179 (91.8%) screened positive on one or more measure. Following clinical assessment, 78 adults and three children were referred for treatment. The program was broadly successful in facilitating access to services. However, most people who had been directly exposed to the attacks did not participate and data protection issues limited communication with those who were affected. Further discussion of data protection concerns may help future programs operate more efficiently.
Radon‐traced pore‐water as a potential source of CO2 and CH4 to receding black and clear water environments in the Amazon Basin
Authors: Call Mitchell , Sanders Christian J. , Enrich‐Prast Alex , Sanders Luciana , Marotta Humberto , Santos Isaac R. , Maher Damien T. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractGroundwater is a primary source of dissolved CO2 and CH4 in Amazonian headwaters, yet in higher order rivers, a groundwater/pore‐water source is difficult to constrain due to the high spatial and temporal heterogeneity of pore‐water exchange. Here, we report coupled, high resolution measurements of pCO2, CH4, and 222Rn (a natural pore‐water and groundwater tracer) during receding waters in the three major water types of the Central Amazon Basin: black (Negro River); clear (Tapajós River); white (Madeira River). Considerable spatial heterogeneity was observed in pCO2, CH4, and 222Rn concentrations ranging from 460 μatm to 8030 μatm, 7 nM to 281 nM, and 713 dpm m−3 to 8516 dpm m−3, respectively. The significant correlations between pCO2 and CH4 to 222Rn in the black and clear waters suggests that pore‐water further enhanced CO2 supersaturation by 18–47% and is a driver of CH4 dynamics in these waters.
A versatile optode system for oxygen, carbon dioxide, and pH measurements in seawater with integrated battery and logger
Authors: Staudinger Christoph , Strobl Martin , Fischer Jan P. , Thar Roland , Mayr Torsten , Aigner Daniel , Müller Bernhard J. , Müller Bernhard , Lehner Philipp , Mistlberger Günter , Fritzsche Eva , Ehgartner Josef , Zach Peter W. , Clarke Jennifer S. , Geißler Felix , Mutzberg André , Müller Jens D. , Achterberg Eric P. , Borisov Sergey M. , Klimant Ingo 
Published: August 2018

AbstractHerein, we present a small and versatile optode system with integrated battery and logger for monitoring of O2, pH, and pCO2 in seawater. Three sensing materials designed for seawater measurements are optimized with respect to dynamic measurement range and long‐term stability. The spectral properties of the sensing materials were tailored to be compatible with a commercially available laboratory oxygen logger that was fitted into a pressure housing. Interchangeable sensor caps with appropriate “sensing chemistry” are conveniently attached to the end of the optical fiber. This approach allows using the same instrument for multiple analytes, which offers great flexibility and minimizes hardware costs. Applications of the new optode system were demonstrated by recording depth profiles for the three parameters during a research cruise in the Baltic Sea and by measuring surface water transects of pH. The optode was furthermore used to monitor the concentration of dissolved oxygen in a seagrass meadow in the Limfjord, Denmark, and sensor packages consisting of pO2, pH, and pCO2 were deployed in the harbors of Kiel, Germany, and Southampton, England, for 6 d. The measurements revealed that the system can resolve typical patterns in seawater chemistry related to spatial heterogeneities as well as temporal changes caused by biological and tidal activity.
Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Supramolecular Hydrogels for Bioapplications
Authors: Mihajlovic Marko , Mihajlovic Milos , Dankers Patricia Y. W. , Masereeuw Rosalinde , Sijbesma Rint P. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractNanocomposite hydrogels based on carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are known to possess remarkable stiffness, electrical, and thermal conductivity. However, they often make use of CNTs as fillers in covalently cross‐linked hydrogel networks or involve direct cross‐linking between CNTs and polymer chains, limiting processability properties. Herein, nanocomposite hydrogels are developed, in which CNTs are fillers in a physically cross‐linked hydrogel. Supramolecular nanocomposites are prepared at various CNT concentrations, ranging from 0.5 to 6 wt%. Incorporation of 3 wt% of CNTs leads to an increase of the material's toughness by over 80%, and it enhances electrical conductivity by 358%, compared to CNT‐free hydrogel. Meanwhile, the nanocomposite hydrogels maintain thixotropy and processability, typical of the parent hydrogel. The study also demonstrates that these materials display remarkable cytocompatibility and support cell growth and proliferation, while preserving their functional activities. These supramolecular nanocomposite hydrogels are therefore promising candidates for biomedical applications, in which both toughness and electrical conductivity are important parameters.
RAFT Emulsion Polymerization as a Platform to Generate Well‐Defined Biocompatible Latex Nanoparticles
Authors: Gurnani Pratik , Sanchez‐Cano Carlos , Abraham Kristin , Xandri‐Monje Helena , Cook Alexander B. , Hartlieb Matthias , Lévi Francis , Dallmann Robert , Perrier Sébastien 
Published: August 2018

AbstractCurrent approaches to generate core–shell nanoparticles for biomedical applications are limited by factors such as synthetic scalability and circulatory desorption of cytotoxic surfactants. Developments in controlled radical polymerization, particularly in dispersed states, represent a promising method of overcoming these challenges. In this work, well‐defined PEGylated nanoparticles are synthesized using reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer emulsion polymerization to control particle size and surface composition and were further characterized with light scattering, electron microscopy, and size exclusion chromatography. Importantly, the nanoparticles are found to be tolerated both in vitro and in vivo, without the need for any purification after particle synthesis. Pharmacokinetic and biodistribution studies in mice, following intraperitoneal injection of the nanoparticles, reveal a long (>76 h) circulation time and accumulation in the liver.
Facile Route to Improve the Crystalline Memory Effect: Electrospun Composite Fiber and Annealing
Authors: Zhang Feifei , Liu Xianhu , Zheng Guoqiang , Guo Zhanhu , Liu Chuntai , Shen Changyu 
Published: August 2018

AbstractIn this work, high temperature solution‐electrospun isotactic polypropylene (iPP) fiber and iPP/multiwalled carbon nanotube composite fiber are obtained. Compared with the iPP fiber, the composite fiber has a less grooved structure. After the electrospun fibers are embedded in an iPP matrix, both spherulites in the bulk and a layer of the transcrystallinity surrounding both the fibers are observed. However, there are no changes for the transcrystallinity in the composite fiber/iPP matrix even after melting and recrystallizing six times, indicating a super thermal stability and crystalline memory effect. Nevertheless, the crystalline memory effect of iPP fiber can be enhanced by annealing.
A Multifunctional Metallohydrogel with Injectability, Self‐Healing, and Multistimulus‐Responsiveness for Bioadhesives
Authors: Dai Cong , Zhou Zhengnan , Guan Zhenpeng , Wu Yuxuan , Liu Yan , He Jiapeng , Yu Peng , Tu Lingjie , Zhang Fengmiao , Chen Dafu , Wang Renxian , Ning Chengyun , Zhou Lei , Tan Guoxin 
Published: August 2018

AbstractMultifunctional hydrogel bioadhesives have great prospects in biomedical applications, but their design still faces great challenges, such as multiple and tedious chemical modifications. However, it is difficult to integrate injectable, self‐healing, and stimulus‐responsive properties together. A facile approach based on dynamic metal‐ligand coordination chemistry between chondroitin sulfate (CS) and Fe3+ in the design and synthesis of novel multifunctional metallohydrogel bioadhesives is reported. This CS‐based hydrogel not only has strong tissue adhesion superior to that of commercial fibrin glue, but also exhibits an excellent self‐healing ability and injectability, which are beneficial in the field of bioadhesives. Moreover, the hydrogels undergo a rapid gel–sol transformation in response to multiple external stimuli, including pH, ions, neutral molecules, and chemical redox reactions enabling the rapid removal of the bioadhesive. In addition, metallohydrogels are rapidly formed within 10 s, quick enough to promptly seal the tissue. Importantly, the multifunctional CS‐based bioadhesives are shown to exhibit good biocompatibility, thus allowing the developed materials to meet key requirements for next‐generation tissue adhesives.
Extremely High Glass Transition Temperature Hydrocarbon Polymers Prepared through Cationic Cyclization of Highly 3,4‐Regulated Poly(Phenyl‐1,3‐Butadiene)
Authors: Cai Yang , Lu Jianmin , Zuo Danlin , Li Shihui , Cui Dongmei , Han Bingyong , Yang Wantai 
Published: August 2018

AbstractA simple approach to synthesize extremely high glass transition temperature (Tg > 300 °C) hydrocarbon polymers that introduces bridged cyclic backbone and bulky pendant group simultaneously is reported. This method uses highly 3,4‐regulated poly(phenyl‐1,3‐butadiene) as a prepolymer for cationic cyclization postmodification. The Tg of cyclized highly 3,4‐regulated (94.0%) poly(1‐phenyl‐1,3‐butadiene) (P(1‐PB)) can reach 304 °C. To further restrict the movement of bridged cyclic backbone by changing the position of the pendant substituent group, highly 3,4‐regulated (96.2%) poly(2‐phenyl‐1,3‐butadiene) (P(2‐PB)) is used as the prepolymer. The Tg of its cyclized product reaches 325 °C, and this value is the highest ever reported among all hydrocarbon polymers. The results indicate that the regularity of poly(phenyl‐1,3‐butadiene) and the pendant substituent group are crucial factors when synthesizing high‐temperature hydrocarbon polymers through this approach.
Low‐Temperature Interfacial Polymerization and Enhanced Electro‐Responsive Characteristic of Poly(ionic liquid)s@polyaniline Core‐shell Microspheres
Authors: Zheng Chen , Liu Yang , Dong Yuezhen , He Fang , Zhao Xiaopeng , Yin Jianbo 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe synthesis of monodisperse poly(ionic liquid)s (PILs) microspheres coated with semiconducting polyaniline (PANI) shell is reported, which shows enhanced electro‐responsive electrorheological (ER) effect but decreased power consumption compared to neat PIL microspheres. The monodisperse PIL microspheres are first prepared via dispersion polymerization and then PANI is coated via low‐temperature interfacial polymerization of aniline on the surface of hydrophobic PIL microspheres without additional modification. The stimulus‐responsive ER effect of the core‐shell microspheres when dispersing in insulating oil are investigated under electric fields. The power‐law of yield stress versus electric field strength and the dielectric relaxation spectroscopy are analyzed to understand the ER effect and the origin of property enhancement. It demonstrates that the semiconducting PANI shell can well limit the irreversible ion leakage of PIL microspheres and improve the particle polarizability, resulting in decreased power consumption but enhanced electro‐responsive ER effect.
pH/Reduction Dual‐Triggered Degradable Poly(doxorubicin) Prodrug Nanoparticles for Leakage‐Free Tumor‐Specific Self‐Delivery
Authors: Li Jiagen , Liu Peng 
Published: August 2018

AbstractPoly(doxorubicin) (PDOX) is synthesized with Mn of 1.66 × 104 and DOX content of 78% as prodrug for tumor‐specific triggered release, via a facile condensation polymerization of DOX‐SS‐DOX and adipic dihydrazide. The PDOX nanoparticles (PDOX‐NPs) could completely release DOX‐SH within 1.5 days at the simulated tumor microenvironment, but no measurable leakage in the physiological media. The in vitro controlled release results show that the releasing rate is influenced by the dosage and independent of the particle size, while the solubility of the degraded products should be the main determining factor for the drug release from the PDOX‐NPs. The PDOX‐NPs are expected to be promising prodrug nanopharmaceutics for the on‐demand self‐delivery of DOX with enhanced anticancer efficacy in future tumor treatment.