bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heat transport in the convective Casson fluid flow with homogeneous‒heterogeneous reactions in Darcy‒Forchheimer medium
Authors: Bilal S. , Sohail Muhammad , Naz Rahila 
Published: August 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to highlight the studies of momentum and transmission of heat on mixed convection boundary layer Darcy‒Forchheimer flow of Casson liquid over a linear extending surface in a porous medium. The belongings of homogeneous‒heterogeneous retorts are also affianced. The mechanism of heat transmission is braced out in the form of Cattaneo‒Christov heat flux. Appropriate restorations are smeared to revolutionize coupled nonlinear partial differential equations conforming to momentum, energy and concentration of homogeneous‒heterogeneous reaction equations into coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs).

Design/methodology/approach
Numerical elucidations of the transmogrified ODEs are accomplished via a dexterous and trustworthy scheme, namely optimal homotopy analysis method. The convergence of planned scheme is exposed with the support of error table.

Findings
The exploration of mixed convection Darcy‒Forchheimer MHD boundary layer flow of incompressible Casson fluid by the linear stretched surface with Cattaneo‒Christov heat flux model and homogeneous‒heterogeneous reactions is checked in this research. Imitations of the core subsidized flow parameters on velocity, temperature and concentration of homogeneous‒heterogeneous reactions solutions are conscripted. From the recent deliberation, remarkable annotations are as follows: non-dimensional velocities in xa− and xb− directions shrink, whereas the non-dimensional temperature upsurges when the Casson fluid parameter ameliorates. Similar impact of Casson fluid parameter, magnetic parameter, mixed convection parameter, inertia parameter, and porosity parameter is observed for both the components of velocity field. An escalation in magnetic parameter shows the opposite attitude of temperature field as compared with velocity profile. Similar bearing of Casson fluid parameter is observed for both temperature and velocity fields. Enhancement in concentration rate is observed for growing values of (Ns) and (Sc), and it reduces for (k1). Both temperature and concentration of homogeneous‒heterogeneous upturn by mounting the magnetic parameter. Demeanor of magnetic parameter, Casson fluid parameter, heat generation parameter is opposite to that of Prandtl number and thermal relaxation parameter on temperature profile.

Practical implications
In many industrial and engineering applications, the current exploration is utilized for the transport of heat and mass in any system.

Originality/value
As far as novelty of this work is concerned this is an innovative study and such analysis has not been considered so far.
Effects of viscous flow activation energies and viscosities on waterborne light-diffusion dip-coatings
Authors: Fang Tian , Ye Daiyong 
Published: August 2019

Purpose
This paper aims to prepare good waterborne light-diffusion dip-coatings (WLDDC) for the glass lampshade inner walls of LED lamp tubes, the effects of viscosities and viscous flow activation energies on these dip-coatings were investigated.

Design/methodology/approach
The WLDDC were prepared using white pigments, light-diffusion agents, additives and an acrylic emulsion. The dip-coatings were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and a digital rotational viscometer, respectively. The effects of shear rates, temperatures and solids contents on the viscosities of the dip-coatings were studied. The viscous flow activation energies of these dip-coatings and the emulsion were calculated, compared and studied, respectively.

Findings
The results showed that the non-Newtonian behaviors of these dip-coatings were more prominent than that of the acrylic emulsion. When the temperature was maintained to be a constant and the shear rate was increased, the viscosity decreased and the shear stress increased. When the shear rate was maintained to be a constant, the viscosity decreased with increasing temperatures. The viscous flow activation energies of these dip-coatings decreased with the increasing shear rates. The higher solid contents of WLDDC were, the more its viscosity would decrease with the increasing shear rates, the more prominent its non-Newtonian behaviors would show.

Practical implications
A sample of good WLDDC with balanced properties was illustrated.

Originality/value
This investigation benefits to investigate waterborne environment-friendly dip-coatings for the inner glass walls of lamp tubes. This research provides an approach to optimize the viscosity parameters of light-diffusion dip-coatings.
Reframing research in Indigenous countries
Authors: Alderson Aedan 
Published: August 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to address some of the implications for methodology and ethics that arise when researchers in Indigenous territories locate their research projects as taking place within Indigenous countries. Centering the argument that ethical research with Indigenous communities must be rooted in upholding the primacy of Indigenous sovereignty, numerous considerations to improve qualitative research practices in Indigenous countries are discussed.Design/methodology/approachThe author starts by introducing his relationship to Indigenous research as a mixed-Indigenous researcher. Moving onto discussing preliminary research considerations for working in Indigenous territories, the author argues that qualitative researchers must become familiarized with the historical and geographical contexts of the Indigenous countries they plan on working in. Using Canadian history as an example, the author argues that settler-colonial nationalisms continue to attempt to erase and replace Indigenous countries both in historical and geographical narratives. Building on Indigenous literature, the author then outlines the necessity of being aware of nation-specific protocols in law, culture, and knowledge production.FindingsDrawing on this discussion, the author proposes a framework for preliminary research that can be used by qualitative researchers looking to ensure their projects are grounded in the best practices for the specific Indigenous countries they want to work with.Originality/valueThe author concludes that researchers should not expect Indigenous knowledge keepers to contribute large amounts of labour towards debunking colonial mythology and proving the existence of Indigenous countries. By doing this work as part of the preliminary research process, researchers create space for better collaborations with Indigenous communities.
Bureau de Eventos: internationalization of an emerging country event planning company
Authors: Steinhauser Vivian Peuker , da Rocha Angela 
Published: August 2019

Theoretical basis
The case can be used to examine the resources and capabilities of small firms considering entering international markets. It can also be a vehicle for examining typical barriers that such companies may face and must overcome when expanding abroad: liabilities of smallness, liabilities of foreignness, liabilities of emergingness and liabilities of outsidership.

Research methodology
The case is based on several interviews with both entrepreneurs over a one-year period and on secondary information from reports and documents.

Case overview/synopsis
This teaching case presents the trajectory of a Brazilian services company operating in the corporate events planning industry. The case explores the potential for the company’s international expansion, and the vision and engagement of the entrepreneurs, despite several barriers the company needs to overcome.

Complexity academic level
The case can be used in Entrepreneurship and International Marketing courses, both at graduate and undergraduate levels. It can also be used in training seminars for executives of tourism and events planning companies, and for employees of export promotion agencies.
Colonization resistance and establishment success along gradients of functional and phylogenetic diversity in experimental plant communities
Authors: Galland Thomas , Adeux Guillaume , Dvořáková Hana , E‐Vojtkó Anna , Orbán Ildikó , Lussu Michele , Puy Javier , Blažek Petr , Lanta Vojtěch , Lepš Jan , de Bello Francesco , Pérez Carmona Carlos , Valencia Enrique , Götzenberger Lars 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Functional and phylogenetic diversity (FD and PD respectively) of the resident community are expected to exert a key role in community resistance to colonization by surrounding species, and their establishment success. However, few studies have explored this topic experimentally or evaluated the interactive effects of these diversity measures.

We implemented a diversity experiment to disentangle the role of FD and PD by sowing mixtures of 6 species, drawn from a pool of 19 species naturally coexisting in central European mesic meadows. The mixtures were designed to cover four independent combinations of high and low FD and PD. Species covers were estimated in spring and late summer over two growing seasons. We then assessed the establishment success of colonizers as a function of their mean traits and phylogenetic distance to the resident (i.e. sown) communities, as well as the resistance of the resident communities to natural colonizers as a function of their functional and phylogenetic structure.

Results generally indicated a temporal shift regarding which trait values made a colonizer successful, from an acquisitive strategy in early stages to a more conservative trait syndrome in later stages.

FD decreased community resistance to natural colonization. However, PD tempered this effect: with high PD, FD was not significant, suggesting complementary information between these two components of biodiversity. On average, colonizing species were more functionally distant from the resident species in sown communities with high functional diversity, i.e. those that were more colonized.

Synthesis. Our results confirm an interplay between FD and PD during community assembly processes, namely resistance to colonizers, suggesting that these two descriptors of biodiversity only partially overlap in their contribution to the overall ecological structure of a community. The hypothesis that higher FD increases resistance through a more complete use of resources was challenged. Results rather suggested that greater FD could provide an unsaturated functional trait space allowing functionally unique species to occupy it.
Is phylogenetic and functional trait diversity a driver or a consequence of grassland community assembly?
Authors: Jones Holly P. , Barber Nicholas A. , Gibson David J. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Community assembly changes fundamentally in response to disturbance following habitat destruction due to extreme events and human activities. There are several important aspects of community assembly that can be measured in response to disturbance or during species establishment. Of these measurable outcomes, metrics of taxonomic or species diversity (SD) are perhaps the most common and logistically the easiest to evaluate.

It is increasingly evident that measurements of phylogenetic (PD) and functional trait (FD) diversity can provide more information than traditional measures of diversity and desirable and informative metrics to measure restoration outcomes. However, it is unclear whether FD and PD are drivers or a consequence of community assembly.

This Special Feature highlights eight field studies and a review that have investigated how PD diversity and functional trait diversity can be used to better understand grassland community assembly following disturbance or during restoration, and how as potential drivers they can be manipulated experimentally or incorporated into evolutionary models. Topics include: colonizing species as a function of FD and PD; dominant species origin impacts on subordinate species FD; impacts of environmental gradients such as seed mix richness, first‐year precipitation and restoration age on FD and taxonomic diversity; impacts of drought and resource availability; and a synthesis of studies that measured FD and PD to determine if they provide similar or incongruent inferences for ecological and functional processes.

The work in this Special Feature indicates that SD, FD and PD can act as drivers and passengers of community assembly, and often yield different insights. Environmental gradients such as soil nutrients, precipitation and environmental drivers like drought can influence FD and PD of assembling communities in predicted and unexpected ways.

Synthesis. Results from the studies in this Special Feature highlight the importance of considering a multitude of ecological and evolutionary drivers of community assembly in grassland ecosystems. Studies pushing this field forward will be those that incorporate or study higher trophic levels, realistically incorporate climate change and disentangle the impacts of FD and PD.
Risk stratification for cardiac surgery: Comparison in a Hong Kong population
Authors: Wong Max K.H. , Bhatia Inderjeet , Chan Daniel T.L. , Ho Cally K.L. , Au Timmy W.K. 
Published: August 2019

AimRisk stratification is an important tool in preoperative decision‐making, counseling, informed consent and quality improvement. The European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation (logistic EuroSCORE) and EuroSCORE II were designed for the assessment of surgical risk. However, there are significant geographical and demographic differences between European and Hong Kong patients. The Queen Mary Hospital (QMH) risk score is a risk model designed to predict in‐hospital mortality for patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and valve surgery based on local data. In the present study, we compared the precision and clinical performance of the three scoring systems.Patients and MethodsData were collected prospectively from patients undergoing CABG and valve surgery between 2010 and 2015 in a single institution (n = 1693) in Hong Kong. Patients <18 years old and who had undergone congenital/aortic surgery were excluded. The receiver–operator curve (ROC) analysis was used to determine the discriminative ability of each score. Calibration was tested with the Hosmer–Lemeshow (HL) goodness‐of‐fit test.ResultsObserved mortality was 49/1639 (2.89 per cent). The predicted mortality rates were logistic EuroSCORE 9.23 per cent [95 per cent confidence interval (CI): 8.65–9.78 per cent], EuroSCORE II 3.87 per cent (95 per cent CI: 3.58–4.14) and QMH risk score 4.20 per cent (95 per cent CI: 4.04–4.33). The area under the ROC analysis revealed 0.849 (95 per cent CI: 0.804–0.895) for the logistic EuroSCORE, 0.87 (95 per cent CI: 0.826–0.913) for the EuroSCORE II and 0.841 (95 per cent CI: 0.788–0.895) for QMH risk score. The HL goodness‐of‐fit test showed that the QMH risk score was a good fit (P = 0.207); however, the logistic EuroSCORE (P = 0.003) and EuroSCORE II (P = 0.003) showed a poor fit.ConclusionsAll three scoring systems can be applied to a Chinese population with excellent risk prediction. The QMH risk score has a role in accurately predicting mortality rates in a Hong Kong population.
Changes in butterfly communities over a 10‐year period in Geum river basin in Korea
Authors: Kim Do‐Sung , Cho Youngho , Han Yong‐Gu 
Published: August 2019

AbstractOne conclusion of this study is that as the road network expands in rural and remote areas the surrounding butterfly populations are generally noted to be decreasing or even disappearing. However, there is one exception, Libythea celtis. This common species, living close to forested areas, have actually increased while thier competing species have decreased according to this study. The endangered species of Korea, Parnassius bremeri, Sinia divina and Argynnis nerippe, which inhabit the area of the study have also decreased or disappeared. Another result of this study is that, while the number of species which inhabit the grasslands have decreased, no similar changes have been noted in the number for the species which inhabit the shrubs. Furthermore, there has been a growth in the numbers of the species that inhabit trees. In addition, the number of individuals has decreased in the grasslands and shrubs but increased in the trees. Overall, the general conclusion of this study is that, while the development of rural and remote areas showed a decrease in the number of specific butterfly species, they are being replaced by more common species.
Anglo‐Spanish Enlightenment: Joseph Shepherd, an English ‘ilustrado' in Valladolid
Authors: Sáez‐Hidalgo Ana 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis article studies Joseph Shepherd and his role in Anglo‐Spanish cultural exchange in the last decades of the eighteenth century, at the dawn of Anglophilia in Spain. Though largely unknown, this Catholic recusant, established in Spain as rector of the Royal English College of St Alban in order to continue the training of English priests, became instrumental in creating cultural bonds between Britain and Spain. His profile as a bibliophile, and his strong interest in the latest literary, philosophical and scientific publications in Britain, Spain and the rest of Europe, connected him influentially with the most relevant figures of the Spanish Enlightenment.
epower: An r package for power analysis of Before‐After‐Control‐Impact (BACI) designs
Authors: Fisher Rebecca , Shiell Glenn R. , Sadler Rohan J. , Inostroza Karina , Shedrawi George , Holmes Thomas H. , McGree James M. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Before‐After‐Control‐Impact (BACI) designs are widespread in environmental science, however their implicitly hierarchical nature complicates the evaluation of statistical power. Here, we describe epower, an r package for assessing statistical power of BACI designs.

The package uses Bayesian statistical methods via the r‐package INLA to fit the appropriate hierarchical model to user supplied pilot survey data. A posterior sample is then used to build a Monte Carlo simulation to test statistical power specifically for the Before/After × Control/Impact interaction term in the BACI model. Power can be assessed for any number of user‐specified effect sizes for the existing design, or across a range of levels of replication for any part of the sampling design hierarchy.

The package offers a user friendly robust approach for assessing statistical power of BACI designs whilst accounting for uncertainty in parameter values within a fully generalized framework.
“It Wasn't Just One Thing”: A Qualitative Study of Newly Homeless Emergency Department Patients
Authors: Doran Kelly M. , Ran Ziwei , Castelblanco Donna , Shelley Donna , Padgett Deborah K. 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTObjectivesEmergency departments (EDs) frequently care for patients who are homeless or unstably housed. One promising approach taken by the homeless services system is to provide interventions that attempt to prevent homelessness before it occurs. Experts have suggested that health care settings may be ideal locations to identify and intervene with patients at risk for homelessness, yet little is known even about the basic characteristics of patients who might benefit from such interventions.MethodsWe conducted in‐depth, one‐on‐one qualitative interviews with ED patients who had become homeless within the past 6 months. Using a semistructured interview guide, we asked patients about their pathways into homelessness and what might have prevented them from becoming homeless. Interviews were digitally recorded and professionally transcribed. Transcripts were coded line by line by multiple investigators who then met as a group to discuss and refine codes in an iterative fashion.ResultsInterviews were completed with 31 patients. Mean interview length was 42 minutes. Four main themes emerged: 1) unique stories yet common social and health contributors to homelessness, 2) personal agency versus larger structural forces, 3) limitations in help from family or friends, and 4) homelessness was not expected.ConclusionsThese findings demonstrate gaps in current homeless prevention services and can help inform future interventions for unstably housed and homeless ED patients. More immediately, the findings provide rich, unique context to the lives of a vulnerable patient population commonly seen in EDs.
Diagnostic accuracy of Doppler ultrasound in predicting perinatal outcome in pregnancies at term: A prospective longitudinal study
Authors: D'Antonio Francesco , Rizzo Giuseppe , Gustapane Sarah , Buca Danilo , Flacco Maria Elena , Martellucci Cecilia , Manzoli Lamberto , Makatsariya Alexander , Nappi Luigi , Pagani Giorgio , Liberati Marco 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIntroductionTo explore the strength of association and the diagnostic accuracy of umbilical (UA), middle cerebral (MCA), uterine arteries pulsatility index (PI) and the cerebroplacental ratio in predicting an adverse outcome when applied to singleton pregnancies at term.Material and methodsProspective study carried out in a dedicated research ultrasound clinic. Attended clinicians were blinded to Doppler findings. Inclusion criteria were consecutive singleton pregnancies between 36+0 and 37+6 weeks of gestation. The primary outcome was a composite score of adverse perinatal outcome. Logistic regression and ROC curve analyses were used to analyze the data.ResultsIn all, 600 consecutive singleton pregnancies from 36 weeks of gestation were included in the study. Mean MCA PI (1.1 ± 0.2 vs 1.5 ± 0.4, P < 0.001) and cerebroplacental ratio (1.4 ± 0.4 vs 1.9 ± 0.6, P < 0.001) were lower, whereas uterine arteries PI (0.8 ±0.2 vs 0.7 ±0.3, P = 0.001) was higher in pregnancies experiencing than in those not experiencing composite adverse outcome. Conversely, there was no difference in either UA PI (P = 0.399) or estimated fetal weight centile (P = 0.712) between the two groups, but AC centile was lower in fetuses experiencing composite adverse outcome (45.4 vs 53.2, P = 0.040). At logistic regression analysis, MCA PI (odds ratio [OR] 0.1, 95% CI 0.01‐.2, P = 0.001), uterine arteries PI (OR 1.4, 95% CI 1.2‐1.6, P = 0.001), abdominal circumference centile (OR 1.12, 95% CI 1.1‐1.4, P = 0.001) and gestational age at birth (OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.2‐2.1, P = 0.004) were independently associated with composite adverse outcome. Despite this, the diagnostic accuracy of Doppler in predicting adverse pregnancy outcome at term was poor.ConclusionsMCA PI and cerebroplacental ratio are associated with adverse perinatal outcome at term. However, their predictive accuracy for perinatal compromise is poor, and thus their use as standalone screening test for adverse perinatal outcome in singleton pregnancies at term is not supported.
A systematic review of self‐reported pain in childhood cancer survivors
Authors: Reinfjell Trude , Zeltzer Lonnie 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAimThe aim of this systematic review was to examine the frequency and risk factors of pain among long‐term childhood cancer survivors based on self‐reported questionnaire studies. Participants aged 21 years or younger at the time of their cancer diagnosis were included.MethodsThe Medline (OVID), PubMed and PsycINFO databases were searched for manuscripts published between January 1, 1990, and August 31, 2018, following the PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews.ResultsIn total, 25 studies, including five prospective cohort studies measuring pain up to 32 years post‐diagnosis, were identified. Female sex, young age at diagnosis, older age at assessment, greater time since diagnosis, specific diagnoses (such as central nervous system [CNS] tumours, bone tumours and sarcoma), fatigue and persistent emotional distress were associated with cancer‐related pain. The most common pain types were migraines, headaches and back pain.ConclusionA subset of childhood cancer survivors reported clinically significant self‐reported pain. Identifying survivor subgroups at risk for pain could be essential for developing tailored intervention and prevention strategies. Prospective studies that use standardised and psychometrically sound tools to evaluate pain are needed.