bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ferroelectric‐Switchable Single Photodetector Implementing Complex Optoelectronic Logics
Authors: Jiang Yurong , Song Yifan , Zhang Yan , Yu Leiming , Zhang Suicai , Li Xueping , Song Xiaohui , Xia Congxin 
Published: December 2024

AbstractOptoelectronic logic gates (OELGs) are promising building blocks of edge extraction, image recognition, and data encryption in logic circuits. However, implementing complex OELGs based on CMOS devices needs additional circuit configuration due to the fixed photodetection mode, which inevitably makes the manufacturing process of chip complicated and large. This work proposes a ferroelectric‐switchable photodetector (FeS‐PD) in 2D α‐In2Se3/WSe2 heterojunction, which can implement the complex OELG functions. The FeS‐PD exhibits the ferroelectric‐tunability between the photovoltaic and photoconductive mode via the sign and amplitude of polarization voltage, as well as accompanied by a high current photo/dark ratio. Moreover, the non‐volatile‐tunability of photovoltaic voltage (opening circuit voltage) distinctively enables the bias one input of logics, which enables a single device to implement the complex XOR and AND logic functions via programming gate pulse voltage, light input, and bias. Compared to the traditional CMOS‐based logic gate, FeS‐PD significantly reduces the transistor number by 91.7% and 50% for nonlinear XOR and linear AND logics, respectively. The research provides a simple platform for on‐chip optoelectronic‐logic computing circuits.
Enhanced Carrier Mobility and Thermoelectric Performance by Nanostructure Engineering of PEDOT Thin Films Fabricated via the OCVD Method Using SbCl5 Oxidant
Authors: Heydari Gharahcheshmeh Meysam , Dautel Brian , Chowdhury Kafil 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAir‐stable, lightweight, and electrically conductive conjugated polymers have attracted significant attention for thermoelectric applications, especially in low‐temperature environments. However, their low carrier mobility has limited broader adoption. This study addresses this challenge by investigating the nanostructure of poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) thin films fabricated via oxidative chemical vapor deposition (oCVD) at various deposition temperatures. Through systematic control of the semi‐crystalline orientation and π–π stacking distance, a substantial enhancement in carrier mobility (23.58 ± 1.71 cm2 V−1 s−1) and electrical conductivity (6345 ± 210 S cm−1) is achieved. The thermoelectric power factor demonstrates a direct correlation with deposition temperature, achieving a maximum value of 112.57 ± 4.33 µW m−1 K−2. PEDOT thin films fabricated at higher deposition temperatures show minimal reductions in electrical conductivity as absolute temperature decreased, reflecting a lower resistivity ratio and extended metallic state, as indicated by the metal–insulator transition in the Zabrodskii plot. Incorporating the Seebeck coefficient into the parabolic energy band diagram revealed strong agreement between theoretical and experimental carrier mobility, while also indicating that the energy barrier for intercrystalline charge transport decreases as deposition temperature increases. The highly face‐on orientation and reduced π–π stacking distance in PEDOT thin films facilitate quasi‐1D conduction, thereby enhancing carrier mobility.
Superior Hard yet Flexible, Highly Transparent, and Scratch‐Repairable Waterborne Antiadhesive Coatings Enabled by Multi‐Magnitude Dynamic Bonds Synergy Strategy
Authors: You Tianlong , Pan Yuetong , Guo Guixuan , Yang Xiaoguang , Li Wenbo , Ma Chunfeng 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWith the advent and proliferation of foldable displays, the demand for hard yet flexible antiadhesive coatings with healability has significantly increased. Unfortunately, reports on such materials are scarce, with existing research generally facing the challenge of reconciling the “trade‐off” effect among hardness, flexibility, and dynamic performance and containing high levels of volatile organic compounds which causes irreversible environmental damage. Herein, this study presents a waterborne antiadhesive coating with ceramic‐like hardness, polymer‐like flexibility, and healability. The coating is fabricated through a multi‐magnitude dynamic bond synergy strategy, wherein the synthesized amino‐rich oligosiloxane with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) chains is dynamically linked with the amino‐rich oligosiloxane containing ureidopyrimidinone moieties via coordination reaction between aluminum chloride hexahydrate (AlCl3·6H2O) and amino, enabling the coating comprising Al─N coordination bonds and hierarchical hydrogen bonds. The as‐prepared coating exhibits 99.95% self‐healing efficiency while possessing superior hardness (9H), flexibility (2 mm bending radius), and transparency (>99% transmittance). In addition, the incorporation of PDMS endows the coating with excellent antiadhesive properties. More importantly, the coating formulation is entirely waterborne, aligning with environmentally sustainable practices. This research offers valuable insight for advancing the development of waterborne coatings with well‐balanced comprehensive performance, particularly suited for applications in foldable displays and other fields.
Root‐Growth‐Inspired Self‐Morphology‐Evolution of Microsized Bismuth Surrounded by Microsized Hard Carbon for Stabilized Sodium‐Ion Storage
Authors: Fang Ziyi , Fan Sicheng , Yan Zerui , Tang Dafu , Gao Xiang , Huang Xiaojuan , Zheng Hongfei , Wang Binhao , Jiang Qinyao , Han Jiuhui , Lin Jie , Xie Qingshui , Peng Dong‐Liang , Wei Qiulong 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAlloy‐type materials are desirable for high‐energy sodium‐ion batteries. Different from nanoengineering with pre‐reserving void space and confined carbon coatings, microsized particles promise high specific/volumetric capacities, easy manufacturing, and low cost but are prone to rapid capacity loss. Herein, inspired by the process of “root growth in soil”, microsized Bi particles (µm‐Bi, as “seeds”) surrounded by microsized hard carbon particles (µm‐HC, as “soil”) are ingeniously dispersed through a simple mixing approach. This design utilizes the morphological self‐evolution of µm‐Bi into Bi‐nanonetworks between dispersed µm‐HC during repeated (de)sodiations, leading to a stable capacity retention of 99.8% for 2000 cycles, higher than that of the µm‐Bi electrode (7.2%) at a high mass loading of 5.5 mg cm−2. The interconnected Bi‐nanonetworks and µm‐HC particles provide continuous electron pathways and facilitate electrolyte infiltration, which effectively boosts electrical contact, stable cycling, and high‐rate capability. Especially, the hybrid Bi40HC60 (optimized weight ratio) thick‐film electrode shows boosted comprehensive electrochemical performance, superior to HC and µm‐Bi electrodes. The Bi40HC60||Na3V2(PO4)3 full cell, assembled without any pre‐treatment, delivers 4500 stable cycles. This nature‐inspired strategy provides a simple yet practical approach for employing the electrochemically driven evolution of micro‐sized active materials and realizing high specific/volumetric capacities, fast kinetics, and long‐term cycling stability.
Testing of Marine Fouling‐Inhibiting Enzymes in a Water‐Based Methacrylate Polymer Matrix
Authors: Gnanasampanthan Thuvarakhan , Koschitzki Florian , Özcan Onur , Höppner Anne , Wanka Robin , Finlay John A. , Clare Anthony S. , Rosenhahn Axel 
Published: December 2024

AbstractCommonly used antifouling coatings rely on the continuous release of biocidal ingredients and are becoming increasingly restricted by legislation. The resulting demand for nonbiocidal technologies involves the search for alternative ingredients and in particular enzymes have received increasing attention. While screening of the antifouling activity of active compounds in solution is well established, the analysis of their activity and in particular anti‐biofouling activity when embedded into a coating and even more so in an activated leachate layer is very demanding. Among the challenges is the even distribution throughout the coating and retention of the enzymatic activity. Here a water‐based HEMA‐methacrylate polymer matrix is presented that aims to mimic the leachate layer and to incorporate active compounds. This technology is used to incorporate several hydrolytically active enzymes‐cellulase, protease, and lipase‐in a grafting‐through approach. After immersion, the enzymes are released in a controlled way during several days. The enzyme‐loaded polymer films reduced the attachment of fouling organisms through a combination of their hydrophilic nature and activity of the enzymes. The active contribution of the enzymes became visible in a significant suppression of the accumulation of diatoms and green algal spores compared to the enzyme‐free and heat‐denatured control coatings.
Review on Icephobicity of Materials Surface Enhanced by Interface Action Force
Authors: Zhao Lingfeng , Shen Yizhou , Tao Jie , Liu Weilan , Wang Ting , Liu Senyun 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn response to the hazards of icing in the energy, transportation, and aerospace sectors, extensive research has been conducted on anti‐icing materials based on the solid‐liquid/ice interface theory, as well as reliable chemical and electro‐thermal de‐icing systems. However, there is an urgent need for modernizing anti‐icing systems to address diverse application scenarios. Gaining insights into the influence of interface action forces on water droplet behavior can proactively prevent detrimental icing occurrences. Nevertheless, under severe conditions where ice formation is inevitable, leveraging interface action forces to induce cracking and expansion of ice facilitates its rapid detachment despite potential challenges associated with complete removal. A comprehensive review elucidating the mechanisms through which interface action forces impact water/ice formations encompasses various approaches toward designing mechanically‐driven de‐icing systems.
Oxygen‐Vacancy‐Rich Heterostructured CeO2‐CuO Nanowires for Urea Electrosynthesis via Co‐Reduction of Nitrate and CO2
Authors: Wang Ziqiang , Zhang Rencong , Wang Yile , Yu Hongjie , Deng Kai , Xu You , Wang Liang , Wang Hongjing 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe mild electrosynthesis of urea presents a promising approach to replace the energy‐intensive conventional manufacturing processes, and identifying highly active and selective electrocatalysts is of paramount importance. Herein, the synthesis of oxygen‐vacancy‐rich CeO2‐CuO heterostructure nanowires on copper foam (CeO2‐CuO/CF) are reported. The CuO‐CeO2 heterostructure notably enhances electron transfer and quickens reaction dynamics, and the increased oxygen vacancies greatly promote the C‐N coupling of nitrate and CO2 to urea. As such, the CeO2‐CuO/CF achieves a remarkable faraday efficiency of 31.96% and urea yield of 720.9 µg cm−2 h−1, along with outstanding stability. This research offers a promising electrocatalyst for the sustainable on‐site production of urea.
Leveraging Interfacial Electric Field for Smart Modulation of Electrode Surface in Nitrate to Ammonia Conversion
Authors: Zhang Kouer , Xu Yifan , Liu Fatang , Wang Qing , Zou Xiaohong , Tang Mingcong , Leung Michael K.H. , Ao Zhimin , Zhao Xunhua , Zhang Xiao , An Liang 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe efficiency of nitrate reduction reaction (NO3RR) at low nitrate concentration is predominantly hindered by the poor affinity of nitrate ions and competitive hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), particularly in neutral and acidic media. Here, an innovative strategy to leverage the interfacial electric field (IEF) is introduced to boost the NO3RR performance. By in situ constructing tannic acid‐metal ion (TA‐M2+) crosslinked structure on the electrode surface, the TA‐M2+‐CuO NW/Cu foam sample exhibits an exceptional Faraday efficiency of 99.4% at −0.2 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) and 83.9% at 0.0 V versus RHE under neutral and acidic conditions, respectively. The computational studies unveil that the TA‐Cu2+ complex on the CuO (111) plane induces the increasing concentration of nitrate at the interface, accelerating NO3RR kinetics over HER via the IEF effect. This interfacial modulation strategy also contributes the enhanced ammonia production performance when it is employed on commercial electrode materials and flow reactors, exhibiting great potential in practical application. Overall, combined results illustrated multiple merits of the IEF effect, paving the way for future commercialization of NO3RR in the ammonia production industry.
Regulating Compressive Strain Enables High‐Performance Tin‐Based Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Jin Jialun , Zhang Zhihao , Zou Shengli , Cao Fangfang , Huang Yuanfang , Jiang Yiting , Gao Zhiyu , Xu Yuliang , Qu Junyu , Wang Xiaoxue , Chen Cong , Xiao Chuanxiao , Ren Shengqiang , Zhao Dewei 
Published: December 2024

AbstractTin (Sn)‐based perovskites have emerged as promising alternatives to lead (Pb)‐based perovskites in thin‐film photovoltaics due to their comparable properties and reduced toxicity. Strains in perovskites can be tailored to modulate their optoelectronic properties, but mechanisms for the effects of strains on Sn‐based perovskite films and devices are unrevealed and corresponding strain engineering is unexplored. Herein, a strain engineering strategy is developed through incorporating 4‐fluorobenzylammonium halide salts (FBZAX, X = I, Br, Cl) into the perovskite precursor to regulate the strain effects in resultant Sn‐based perovskite films. It is found that a moderate level of compressive strain achieved by FBZABr alleviates the dislocations within perovskites to enhance carrier transport and reduces the defect density to prolong carrier lifetime. These improvements enable a champion efficiency exceeding 14% of Sn‐based perovskite solar cells with excellent operational stability.
Nanoscale Poly(Dopamine)‐Modified ZIF‐8 Particle Hybrid Solvent‐Resistant Thin Film Nanocomposite (TFN) Membranes via Interfacial Polymerization on a Robust Polyether Ether Ketone (PEEK) Substrate
Authors: Huang Qiuyang , Gao Zhuofan , Yan Pengcheng , Zhou Zhihui , Wu Hongdan , Li Jiazheng , Han Wei , Huang Zhuo , Chen Xia , Zhou Xian , Xiang Yuan , Chen Lei , Fan Zeyu , Peng Ziling , Lu Qi , Wu Ji 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis study introduces an innovative approach to fabricating a poly ether ketone (PEEK)‐based thin‐film nanocomposite (TFN) nanofiltration membrane. Ultrafine polydopamine (PDA) modified zeolitic imidazolate framework‐8 (ZIF‐8) nanoparticles were integrated into the polyamide (PA) layer through a process of interfacial polymerization. The impacts of PDA@ZIF‐8 nanoparticle loading on composite membranes were examined, and their separation performances with different solvents and small molecular organics with various molecular weights and charges were evaluated. The PDA modification is credited with inducing a thinner, less crosslinked PA layer, culminating in the formation of a selective barrier that is both loose and ultra‐thin, improving the separation capabilities of membranes. The TFN‐3 membrane, with a 0.01 wt% loading of PDA@ZIF‐8 nanoparticles, emerged as a standout, demonstrating notably enhanced hydrophilicity. The pure water and organic solvent permeances through the TFN‐3 membrane were remarkably enhanced, with recorded values of 6.19 ± 0.26 L h−1 m−2 bar−1 for pure water and 3.44 ± 0.21 L h−1 m−2 bar−1 for methanol. Furthermore, the TFN‐3 membrane showcased impressive molecular retention in ethanol solutions for compounds with a molecular weight cut‐off (MWCO) of 464 g/mol. The PEEK‐based TFN‐3 membrane also exhibited exceptional creep resistance, ensuring consistent performance during long‐term testing. In a 5‐day ethanol separation test, the TFN‐3 membrane maintained a Rose Bengal (RB) retention rate exceeding 99%, underscoring its stability and reliability. The newly developed PEEK‐based TFN membrane not only promises robust solvent resistance and stability but also delivers efficient separation and purification capabilities. It holds great potential for offering effective and sustainable solutions across a spectrum of industries, particularly in pharmaceutical production and chemical processing, where the separation, recovery, and purification of solvents are paramount.
Analysis of linear‐quadratic optimal control via a hybrid control lens
Authors: Feng Lechen , Ni Yuan‐Hua 
Published: December 2024

AbstractLinear‐quadratic regulator (LQR) is a landmark problem in the field of optimal control, which is investigated based on the method of hybrid dynamic system and continuous‐time optimization algorithms. We show that the above‐mentioned hybrid system converges exponentially to the optimal feedback gain with any order, and the solution trajectory is Zeno‐free. Then, the forward‐Euler method is utilized to discretize the hybrid system, and a new algorithm called hybrid dynamics‐based gradient descent (HGD) is proposed that could converge to the optimal controller exponentially.
Betone mit ternären klinkereffizienten Zementen
Authors: Schack Tobias , Haist Michael 
Published: December 2024

AbstractZur Herstellung möglichst klinkerreduzierter Betone werden in der Praxis bereits seit Jahrzehnten Zementersatzstoffe (Supplementary Cementitious Materials, SCMs) eingesetzt. Da die Verfügbarkeit etablierter SCMs wie Hüttensand oder Flugasche mittelfristig jedoch rückläufig ist und alternative SCMs wie kalzinierte Tone (noch) nicht ohne Weiteres verfügbar sind, sind ternäre oder auch quaternäre Mischungen, bei denen Portlandzementklinker mit Hüttensand oder Flugasche und Kalksteinmehl gemischt wird, ein hochinteressanter Ansatz in der Bindemitteloptimierung. Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden die technischen Eigenschaften, die mechanische Leistungsfähigkeit und Dauerhaftigkeit von Betonen, die mit ternären Bindemittelgemischen (sog. klinkereffiziente Zemente) hergestellt wurden, vergleichend betrachtet und in Relation zu den mit der Betonherstellung verbundenen Treibhausgas‐Emissionen (THG‐Emissionen) gestellt. Hierzu wurde eine systematische Literatursichtung durchgeführt und Daten zur Zusammensetzung, zu den Frischbetoneigenschaften, zur Druckfestigkeit, zu den dauerhaftigkeitsrelevanten Eigenschaften und zu den spezifischen THG‐Emissionen der Betone recherchiert und in Form einer Datenbank mit 94 Datensätzen aus verschiedenen Literaturquellen gespeichert. Auf Basis der betrachteten Literaturdaten können die mechanischen sowie dauerhaftigkeitsrelevanten Eigenschaften unter Berücksichtigung der resultierenden THG‐Emissionen systematisch bewertet werden. Hierdurch wird nach Auffassung der Autoren eine zentrale Lücke bei der Bewertung der Nachhaltigkeit neuer ökologischer Betone geschlossen.
International and Interdisciplinary Perspectives on School Violence and Bullying, Cyberbullying, and Cyber Deviance: An Introductory Essay
Authors: Chen Ji‐Kang , Chan Heng Choon (Oliver) 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTSchool violence and bullying, cyberbullying, and cyber‐deviance have become subject matters of great concern for various disciplines, such as social work, criminology, psychology, education, medicine, public health, and nursing. In the past years, scholars in different countries have adopted the theoretical perspectives developed in their respective disciplines to separately examine issues of school violence and bullying, cyberbullying, and cyber deviance. For example, researchers in the field of social sciences tend to adopt psychosocial theories and perspectives, while public health scholars tend to adopt medical‐ or health‐related theories. There is a call for the international and interdisciplinary perspectives to examine these topics and their potential interconnectedness. There is also an urgent need to systematic strategies, policies, and intervention to tackle school violence and bullying, cyberbullying, and cyber deviance. The purpose of this special issue is to deepen our understanding of issues related to school violence and bullying, cyberbullying, and cyber‐deviance, to expand our cross‐disciplinary and integrated perspectives on these topics, and to provide potential legal strategies, policy, and intervention to tackle these social problems.
Molecular Characterization and Clinical Relevance of MGMT‐Silenced Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Nichetti Federico , Silvestri Marco , Agnelli Luca , Franza Andrea , Pircher Chiara , Rota Simone , Ambrosini Paolo , Fotia Giuseppe , Hüllein Jennifer , Randon Giovanni , Lajer Panna , Perrone Federica , Tamborini Elena , Leoncini Giuseppe , Coppa Jorgelina , Busset Michele Droz Dit , Pusceddu Sara , Milione Massimo , Morano Federica , Pietrantonio Filippo , Pruneri Giancarlo , Mazzaferro Vincenzo , Lipka Daniel B. , Köhler Bruno Christian , Hübschmann Daniel , Fröhling Stefan , de Braud Filippo , Niger Monica 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe identification of actionable molecular targets of pancreatic cancer (PAC) is key to improving patient outcomes. We hypothesized O6‐methylguanine‐DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) silencing may occur in a subset of PAC tumors, with unexplored clinical and molecular correlates.Experimental DesignWe leveraged sequencing data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), the Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium 3 (CPTAC‐3), and the (Australian Pancreatic Cancer Genome Initiative) PACA‐AU cohorts to characterize MGMT‐silenced PAC. Genomic, transcriptomic, methylation, and clinical data were investigated, and findings were validated in silico using methylation, transcriptomic and drug sensitivity data from Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE) project, and in a real‐world cohort of PAC patients profiled for MGMT status at Istituto Nazionale Tumori of Milan (INT).ResultsOn the basis of Human Methylation 450k data, MGMT silencing was identified in ~6% of PAC cases and was enriched in tumors with non‐ductal histology, with a trend toward longer overall survival. MGMT‐silenced tumors were associated with a lower frequency of KRAS mutations and showed features of immune exclusion. In the INT cohort, MGMT‐silencing was confirmed in ~7% of cases and prevalent in KRAS wild type tumors, with a favorable prognostic impact. In silico analysis suggested a higher sensitivity to alkylating and DNA damaging agents in MGMT‐silenced PAC cell lines.ConclusionsMGMT silencing occurs in a small subgroup of PACs and is enriched in KRAS wild type cases, with a favorable prognostic impact. Our findings provide the rationale to explore combinations of alkylating with DNA damaging agents in MGMT‐silenced PAC.