bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Closed-form postbuckling analysis of shear-deformable composite laminated panels
Authors: Schilling Jakob C. , Mittelstedt Christian 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This paper introduces a closed-form analytical approach to the postbuckling analysis of simply supported shear-deformable composite laminated plates under uniaxial compression. The analysis is based on three different laminate theories in order to explicitly account for transverse shear deformations and uses a geometrically nonlinear formulation in conjunction with the Ritz method in order to enable closed-form analytical expressions for the state variables of buckled composite plates. Results are presented for several different plate configurations, and a comparison is performed with literature results as well as comparative finite element computations which leads to a very satisfying results accuracy. The presented analysis method delivers results without any significant numerical effort and is thus especially suited for practical applications where such postbuckling analyses are performed many times.
Tire vibration analysis of three-dimensional flexible ring with brush model under static contact conditions by using frequency-based substructuring
Authors: Matsubara Masami , Saito Akira , Po-Siang Chang , Kawamura Shozo 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The use of a simplified physical model of the tire of road vehicles is an efficient and simultaneous method to study the specifications of the entire chassis, including the tire specifications. Therefore, it is important to develop a simplified physical model that can be used in the early design phase when detailed computer-aided design data are not available. In this study, a vibration analysis of tires in road contact is described using frequency-based substructuring in a three-dimensional elastic ring model of a tire that includes a brush model simulating the tread rubber. By modeling the brush as a contact spring between the tire and the road surface, the natural frequencies and mode shapes of the tire under load conditions can be calculated using point-coupled three-way contact spring constraints. The experimental results show that the natural frequency changes significantly with road contact and does not depend on the vertical load. The theoretical analysis also showed that the natural frequency does not change when the stiffness of the contact spring is large enough to limit the displacement of the road contact, which is consistent with the experimental results. Unlike previous studies, this method calculates the mode shape with road contact based on the mode shape without road contact; therefore, the required model parameters can be determined based on the experimental modal analysis for the free-free condition.
Broomrape–host interaction: host morphology and physiology as metrics for infestation
Authors: Cochavi Amnon 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Main conclusion
In contrast to other plant pests, broomrape, parasitic plant, rely on maintaining the productivity of the host plant to complete their life cycle.

Abstract
Parasitic plants, particularly those in the Orobanchaceae family, rely on their host plants to complete their life cycle. Unlike other plant parasites such as fungi and bacteria, which exploit their hosts regardless of their physiological status, parasitic plants development is linked to the host productivity due to their mutual physiological dependence on water availability and sugar metabolism. Presently, most research focuses on the damage caused to the host after the parasite completes its life cycle, including inflorescence emergence and seed dispersal. However, the interaction between parasite and host begins long before these stages. This implies that certain physiological adaptations are necessary to sustain the parasite’s development while maintaining the host's productivity. In this review, I compile existing knowledge regarding changes in host physiology during the early developmental stages of parasitic plants, spanning from attachment to inflorescence emergence. Additionally, I highlight knowledge gaps that should be addressed to understand how hosts sustain themselves throughout extended periods of parasitism.
Massive parallel sequencing of head and neck conventional squamous cell carcinomas: A comprehensive review
Authors: Nadal Alfons , Cardesa Antonio , Agaimy Abbas , Almangush Alhadi , Franchi Alessandro , Hellquist Henrik , Leivo Ilmo , Zidar Nina , Ferlito Alfio 
Published: November 2024

AbstractHead and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most common cancer worldwide and is a cause of significant mortality and morbidity. The epidemiology of this cancer varies worldwide due to either genetic differences in populations or differences in carcinogen exposure. The application of massive parallel sequencing-based techniques in HNSCC should provide a helpful understanding of the genetic alterations that eventually lead to HNSCC development and progression, and ideally, could be used for personalized therapy. In this review, the reader will find an overview of the mutational profile of conventional HNSCC according to published results on massive parallel sequencing data that confirm the pivotal role of TP53 and the frequent involvement of CDKN2A and PIK3CA. The reader will also find a more detailed description of the genes, such as NOTCH1 and FBXW7, that were not identified in HNSCCs before the development of these techniques, the differences that can be site-specific, such as the different mutational signatures that indicate specific carcinogens for various subsites of the head and neck, and finally, the actionability of these findings that should allow more personalized therapy for patients.
Protracted carbon burial following the Early Jurassic Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event (Posidonia Shale, Lower Saxony Basin, Germany)
Authors: Celestino R. F. S. , Ruhl M. , Dickson A. J. , Idiz E. , Jenkyns H. C. , Leng M. J. , Mattioli E. , Minisini D. , Hesselbo S. P. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractLower Jurassic marine basins across the northwest European epicontinental shelf were commonly marked by deposition of organic-rich black shales. Organic-carbon burial was particularly widespread during the Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event (T-OAE: also known as the Jenkyns Event) with its accompanying negative carbon-isotope excursion (nCIE). Lower Toarcian black shales in central and southern Germany are known as the Posidonia Shale Formation (Posidonienschiefer) and are thought to have formed during the T-OAE nCIE. Here, we present stratigraphic (carbon-isotope, Rock–Eval, calcareous nannofossil) data from the upper Pliensbachian and lower Toarcian strata from a core drilled on the northern flank of the Lower Saxony Basin, north–west Germany. The bio- and chemostratigraphic framework presented demonstrates that (i) the rock record of the T-OAE at the studied locality registered highly condensed sedimentation and/or multiple hiatuses and (ii) the deposition of organic-rich black shale extended significantly beyond the level of the T-OAE, thereby contrasting with well-studied sections of the Posidonia Shale in southern Germany but showing similarities with geographically nearby basins such as the Paris Basin (France). Prolonged and enhanced organic-carbon burial represents a negative feedback mechanism in the Earth system, with locally continued environmental perturbance accelerating the recovery of the global climate from T-OAE-associated hyperthermal conditions, whilst also accelerating a return to more positive δ13C values in global exogenic carbon pools.
Graphical abstract
Tight and stable glucose control is associated with better prognosis in patients hospitalized for Covid-19 and pneumonia
Authors: Caretto Amelia , Di Terlizzi Gaetano , Pedone Erika , Pennella Renato , De Cobelli Francesco , Tresoldi Moreno , Scavini Marina , Bosi Emanuele , Laurenzi Andrea 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Aims
To investigate possible associations of glucose patterns with outcomes of Corona Virus Disease 19 (COVID-19) using continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in 43 patients hospitalized for COVID-19 mild-to-moderate pneumonia, regardless of diabetes.

Methods
Prospective observational study conducted during two pandemic waves in 2020–2021. Glucose sensor metrics of 7-day recording were obtained from blinded CGM. Respiratory function was evaluated as arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) to fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) ratio (PaO2:FiO2).

Results
PaO2:FiO2 ratio was positively correlated with time in tight range (TITR) 70–140 (r = 0.49, p < 0.001) and time in range (TIR) 70–180 (r = 0.32, p < 0.05), and negatively correlated with average glucose (r =– 0.31, p < 0.05), coefficient of glucose variation (CV) (r =– 0.47, p < 0.01) and time above range (TAR) > 140 (r =– 0.49, p < 0.001). No relations were observed with HbA1c. Multivariate regression analysis showed that normal respiratory function at time of CGM removal correlated positively with TITR 70–140 mg/dL (p < 0.01), negatively with CV and TAR > 140 mg/dL (both p < 0.05) and not with TIR 70–180 and average glucose.

Conclusions
Lower glucose variability and optimal glucose control, expressed as CV and TITR, are CGM metrics predictive of a better prognosis in COVID-19 patients with pneumonia.
Covalent organic frameworks: a review of synthesis methods, properties and applications for per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances removal
Authors: Issaka Eliasu , Adams Mabruk , Baffoe Josephine , Danso-Boateng Eric , Melville Lynsey , Fazal Adnan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Adsorption using covalent organic frameworks (COFs) is very effective and favoured for removing per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) from various matrices. The prominent classes of COF, their synthesis methods, and their application in COF-based technologies for PFAS adsorption in myriad environments are discussed. Furthermore, the influencing PFAS adsorption characteristics of the distinct COF classes are also examined. COFs have large specific surface areas and porosity, offering PFASs a host of adsorption sites and thus high adsorption capabilities. β-Cyclodextrin-based COFs (β-CD-COFs), ionic COFs (iCOFs), amine-functionalised COFs, porphyrin-based COFs and hydrophobic COFs are some of the most notable examples of COFs and as such have been employed for large-scale PFAS remediation. Direct and post-synthetic modification are the two main COF design methodologies. The general approach in constructing various frameworks involves the reaction of ion monomers with other neutral monomers. For COFs, solvothermal synthesis is currently the main direct synthetic method. The process used to synthesise COFs tremendously impacts how effectively they adsorb PFAS. High-performance materials for PFAS remediation are created by researchers by customising COF characteristics and using suitable synthesis techniques. The authors’ objective is to give readers and researchers alike a broad overview of the current status of COF research and development, including numerous challenges and prospects associated with the adsorption of PFASs by COFs.

Graphical abstract

Application of Cement Stabilized OB dump, BOF slag, Fly Ash Mixes as
Sustainable Pavement Material
Pyrenean glaciers are disappearing fast: state of the glaciers after the extreme mass losses in 2022 and 2023
Authors: Izagirre Eñaut , Revuelto Jesús , Vidaller Ixeia , Deschamps-Berger César , Rojas-Heredia Francisco , Rico Ibai , Alonso-González Esteban , Gascoin Simon , Serrano Enrique , López-Moreno Juan Ignacio 
Published: November 2024

AbstractGiven rapid glacier thinning and retreat observed in the Pyrenees in recent decades, an updated glacier inventory and continuous mass balance assessments are important to understand the ongoing variability and changes of these very small glaciers (< 0.5 km2). The mass balance years 2021/22 and 2022/23 were characterised by prolonged extreme heat waves and reduced snow duration that severely affected the Pyrenees, which also impacted their glaciers. This paper reviews the criteria for classifying ice bodies as glaciers or ice patches, presents the latest high-resolution glacier inventory for the Pyrenees, and quantifies the mass losses caused by the extreme climate conditions in 2022 and 2023. The glacierised area was determined by manual mapping of high-resolution (0.2 m spatial resolution) aerial orthomosaics acquired by unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and aerial orthophotos (0.25 m spatial resolution) for the few glaciers not surveyed by UAVs. 3D point clouds, also obtained from UAV flights, were used to update the results for the change in surface elevation (glacier thickness) and mass balance between 2020 and 2023. For the Pyrenees, the total glacierised area in 2023 is 143.2 ± 1.8 ha in 15 different glaciers and 8 ice masses were degraded to ice patches according to our criteria. The resulting area change between 2020 and 2023 is -94.8 ha, representing a -39.8% decrease of the glaciarised area from 2020 to 2023, increasing the annual ratio of area change from 2020 to 2023 by -8.7% yr−1 compared to the period 2011–2020 (-2.4% yr−1). The change in glacier thickness measured on 12 glaciers shows a decrease of -2.52 m yr−1 for the period 2020–2023, which represents a significant acceleration in glacier thickness loss compared to -0.80 m yr−1 for the period 2011–2020. The three glaciers (Infiernos, Monte Perdido and Aneto) on which annual geodetic measurements were carried out showed slightly higher glacier thickness losses (-0.91 m yr−1) in the first mass balance year (2020/21) than in the previous decade (2011–2020), while the losses in the last two mass balance years (2021/22 and 2022/23) were three to four times higher (-3.42 m yr−1 and -3.07 m yr−1 respectively) and exceeded the record values.
Decorin Knockdown Improves Aged Tendon Healing by Enhancing Recovery of Viscoelastic Properties, While Biglycan May Not
Authors: Darrieutort-Laffite Christelle , Weiss Stephanie N. , Nuss Courtney A. , Newton Joseph B. , Eekhoff Jeremy D , Soslowsky Louis J. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The objective of the study was to determine the specific roles of decorin and biglycan in the early and late phases of tendon healing in aged mice. Aged (300 day-old) female wildtype (WT), Dcn

flox/flox
(I-Dcn

-/-
), Bgn

flox/flox
(I-Bgn

-/-
), and compound Dcn

flox/flox

/Bgn

flox/flox
(I-Dcn

-/-

/Bgn

-/-
) mice with a tamoxifen (TM) inducible Cre underwent a bilateral patellar tendon injury (PT). Cre excision of the conditional alleles was induced at 5 days (samples collected at 3 and 6 weeks) or 21 days post-injury (samples collected at 6 weeks). Scar tissue area, collagen architecture, gene expression and mechanical properties were assessed during re-establishment of tendon architecture after injury. Fibril diameter distribution was impacted by both decorin and biglycan knockdown at 3 and 6 weeks compared to WT. Although early healing appeared to be delayed in the I-Bgn

-/-
tendons (larger scar tissue area at 3 weeks), no differences in failure properties were detected. By 6 weeks, in the I-Dcn

-/-
tendons, we observed a better recovery of viscoelastic properties compared to the WT tendons (reduced stress relaxation and increased dynamic modulus) when the knockdown was induced early. This could be explained by the increased expression of other matrix proteins, such as elastin whose gene expression was increased at 3 weeks in the I-Dcn

-/-
tendons. Despite an impact on collagen fibrillogenesis, decorin and/or biglycan knockdown did not produce a detectable effect on quasi-static properties after patellar tendon injury. However, early decorin knockdown resulted in better recovery of viscoelastic properties. Mechanisms underlying this result remained to be clarified in further studies.
Exploring student and teacher perspectives on ChatGPT’s impact in higher education
Authors: Žáková Katarína , Urbano Diana , Cruz-Correia Ricardo , Guzmán José Luis , Matišák Jakub 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Understanding how students interact with AI bots is a first step towards integrating them into instructional design. In this report, the results of a survey conducted in three European higher education institutions, and in the context of four different areas are presented. Among other things, they reveal for what purposes students use ChatGPT, whether they trust and feel satisfied with the interaction, how they perceive ChatGPT as a tool to support learning, and if they intend to use it in the future. The study compares results across groups by analyzing data obtained from convenience samples, which include participants of three European countries, with diverse backgrounds, varying technology and science-related fields, as well as academic program levels. Students’ opinions regarding the utilization of ChatGPT in assessments are also documented, along with their perspectives on the potential future applications of these AI tools. The authors, teaching different subjects at different levels of higher education programs, describe their views on integrating ChatGPT and similar AI bots into instructional design.
Construction, Maintenance and Ritual Practices on the Neolithic Rondel at Nowe Objezierze (Northwestern Poland): The chaîne opératoire of Rondel’s Architecture
Authors: Czerniak Lech 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn the history of the “Danubian Neolithic” society, monumental ceremonial centers appeared around 4800 BCE and lost their importance around 300 years later. Among them, one of the most distinctive forms are rondels. However, it is worth remembering the contemporary Rosheim-type circles and Passy-type tombs. The name “rondels” refers to the currently preserved architectural form, dominated by concentric ditches. The article presents an analysis of the biography of a rondel from Nowe Objezierze (north-western Poland). For this purpose, the chaîne opératoire method was used, which is a very effective tool for reconstructing the full sequence of events including the construction, use and abandonment of the examined monument, in its historical and social context. Thanks to this, it was possible to draw attention to previously little-explored details of planning construction works, the skills of ritual leaders and the seasonal availability of some construction materials. As a consequence, the construction and use of rondels can be presented as a complex ceremonial cycle, stretched over time and interrupted by festivals. When the rondel was ready, the cycle began with renovating the surrounding wall and digging the ditch, most likely reaching its culmination on the day of the winter solstice. The celebrations ended with a ceremony of backfilling of the ditch.
Bee-friendly interventions: the barriers and opportunities affecting urban residents’ conservation of wild bees in Gardens
Authors: Wiseman Lauren , Rawson Rebecca , Okere Uchechukwu V. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Wild bees are experiencing population declines globally. Despite urbanisation replacing habitat and forage with synthetic materials, urban residential gardens have the potential to become pollinator hotspots, increasing bee diversity and abundance. We explored public knowledge and attitudes towards bees, and ‘bee-friendly’ interventions (BFIs) conducted by urban residents. We reviewed the motivations and barriers which influence or prevent this, using the town of Woking, England, as a case study. An online questionnaire was distributed in 2023 to residents with gardens or balconies. Results from 286 surveys showed 98.3% of respondents performed ≥ 1 BFI and the most common action was planting “pollinator-friendly” plants (75.9%). Sentiment towards bees positively correlated to the number of BFIs performed, and 94.8% of respondents felt positively about bees. Most participants indicated altruistic motivations behind their performance of BFIs.
Implications for insect conservation: Though the public are altruistically motivated to undertake conservation for wild bees, and most are performing at least one BFI, lack of knowledge and understanding is the biggest barrier preventing conservation action. Governments, policymakers, and plant retailers should direct citizens to wild bee conservation organisations to engage and inform the public about bee ecology and improve habitat provision within neighbourhoods.
Preparation of Biocompatible Antimicrobial Polymer Embedded with Ricinoleic Acid
Authors: Jalageri Manohara Dhulappa , Kanth Shreya , Shetty Shriya C , Patil Prakash , Jyothi K R , Nagaraja Akshatha 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Global health is in jeopardy by the rising emergence of antibiotic drug resistance in pathogenic bacteria. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a widespread bacterial infection that causes considerable morbidity and mortality on a global level. Finding promising materials for MRSA continues to prove challenging, and it is essential to quest for new and advanced polymeric therapeutics to effectively treat MRSA infections. Ricinoleic acid, a castor oil extract with an unsaturated omega-9 fatty acid and hydroxy acid has sparked growing interest because of its broad-spectrum antibacterial properties. Herein, ricinoleic acid-based polymer is synthesized to combat multidrug-resistant bacteria and few pathogenic microorganisms. The ricinoleic acid polymer (RAP) exhibited efficient antimicrobial activity against E. coli, P. aeruginosa, C. albicans, S. aureus, and MRSA with a MIC of 1.25 mg/mL, 10 mg/mL, and 0.62 mg/mL, 20 mg/mL and 10 mg/mL, respectively. Time-kill assay revealed that the polymer showed biostatic activity against all the tested pathogens. Cytotoxicity assay revealed the polymer showed 100% biocompatibility even at a higher concentration of 50 µg/mL. Effective antibacterial properties, particularly against MRSA and few pathogenic microbes, and good biocompatibility of RAP make it a promising material in surface coatings and hospital-acquired infections.
Note on the Weak Convergence of Hyperplane $$\alpha $$-Quantile Functionals and Their Continuity in the Skorokhod J1 Topology
Authors: Sparago Pietro Maria 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The

$$\alpha $$

α

-quantile

$$M_{t,\alpha }$$

M

t
,
α

of a stochastic process has been introduced in Miura (Hitotsubashi J Commerce Manag 27(1):15–28, 1992), and important distributional results have been derived in Akahori (Ann Appl Probab 5(2):383–388, 1995), Dassios (Ann Appl Probab 5(2):389–398, 1995) and Yor (J Appl Probab 32(2):405–416, 1995), with special attention given to the problem of pricing

$$\alpha $$

α

-quantile options. We straightforwardly extend the classical monodimensional setting to

$${\mathbb {R}}^d$$

R

d

by introducing the hyperplane

$$\alpha $$

α

-quantile, and we find an explicit functional continuity set of the

$$\alpha $$

α

-quantile as a functional mapping

$${\mathbb {R}}^d$$

R

d

-valued càdlàg functions to

$${\mathbb {R}}$$

R

. This specification allows us to use continuous mapping and assert that if a

$${\mathbb {R}}^d$$

R

d

-valued càdlàg stochastic process X a.s. belongs to such continuity set, then

$$X^n\Rightarrow X$$

X
n

⇒
X

(i.e., weakly in the Skorokhod sense) implies

$$M_{t,\alpha }(X^n)\rightarrow ^\text {w}M_{t,\alpha }(X)$$

M

t
,
α

(

X
n

)

→
w

M

t
,
α

(
X
)

(i.e., weakly) in the usual sense. We further the discussion by considering the conditions for convergence of a ‘random time’ functional of

$$M_{t,\alpha }$$

M

t
,
α

, the first time at which the

$$\alpha $$

α

-quantile has been hit, applied to sequences of càdlàg functions converging in the Skorokhod topology. The Brownian distribution of this functional is studied, e.g., in Chaumont (J Lond Math Soc 59(2):729–741, 1999) and Dassios (Bernoulli 11(1):29–36, 2005). We finally prove the fact that if the limit process of a sequence of càdlàg stochastic processes is a multidimensional Brownian motion with nontrivial covariance structure, such random time functional applied to the sequence of processes converges—jointly with the

$$\alpha $$

α

-quantile—weakly in the usual sense.