bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multicentre study of laparoscopic or open assessment of the peritoneal cancer index (BIG-RENAPE)
Authors: Passot G , Dumont F , Goéré D , Arvieux C , Rousset P , Regimbeau J-M , Elias D , Villeneuve L , Glehen O , Abba J , Abboud K , Carere S , Durand-Fontanier S , Eveno C , Facy O , Gelli M , Gilly F-N , Karoui M , Lo Dico R , Ortega-Deballon P , Pocard M , Quenet F , Rat P , Sabbagh C , Sgarbura O , Thibaudeau E , Vaudoyer D , Wernert R 
Published: March 2018

Abstract

Background
The peritoneal cancer index (PCI) is a comparative prognostic factor for colorectal peritoneal metastasis (CRPM). The ability of laparoscopy to determine the PCI in consideration of cytoreductive surgery remains undetermined, and this study was designed to compare it with laparotomy.

Methods
A prospective multicentre study was conducted for patients with no known CRPM, but at risk of peritoneal disease. Surgery began with laparoscopic exploration followed by open exploration to determine the PCI. Concordance between laparoscopic and open assessment was evaluated for the diagnosis of CRPM and for the PCI.

Results
Among 50 patients evaluated, CRPM recurrence was found in 29 (58 per cent) and 34 (68 per cent) at laparoscopic and open surgery respectively. Laparoscopy was feasible in 88 per cent (44 of 50) and deemed satisfactory by the surgeon in 52 per cent (26 of 50). Among the 25 evaluable patients with satisfactory laparoscopy, there was concordance of 96 per cent (24 of 25 patients) and 38 per cent (10 of 25) for laparoscopic and open assessment of CRPM and the PCI respectively. Where there were discrepancies, it was laparoscopy that underestimated the PCI.

Conclusion
Laparoscopy may underestimate the extent of CRPM.
Initial experience with purely laparoscopic living-donor right hepatectomy
Authors: Hong S K , Lee K W , Choi Y , Kim H S , Ahn S W , Yoon K C , Kim H , Yi N J , Suh K S 
Published: March 2018

Abstract

Background
There may be concerns about purely laparoscopic donor right hepatectomy (PLDRH) compared with open donor right hepatectomy, especially when performed by surgeons accustomed to open surgery. This study aimed to describe technical tips and pitfalls in PLDRH.

Methods
Data from donors who underwent PLDRH at Seoul National University Hospital between December 2015 and July 2017 were analysed retrospectively. Endpoints analysed included intraoperative events and postoperative complications. All operations were performed by a single surgeon with considerable experience in open living donor hepatectomy.

Results
A total of 26 donors underwent purely laparoscopic right hepatectomy in the study interval. No donor required transfusion during surgery, whereas two underwent reoperation. In two donors, the dissection plane at the right upper deep portion of the midplane was not correct. One donor experienced portal vein injury during caudate lobe transection, and one developed remnant left hepatic duct stenosis. One donor experienced remnant portal vein angulation owing to a different approach angle, and one experienced arterial damage associated with the use of a laparoscopic energy device. One donor had postoperative bleeding due to masking of potential bleeding foci owing to intra-abdominal pressure during laparoscopy. Two donors experienced right liver surface damage caused by a xiphoid trocar.

Conclusion
Purely laparoscopic donor hepatectomy differs from open donor hepatectomy in terms of angle and caudal view. Therefore, surgeons experienced in open donor hepatectomy must gain adequate experience in laparoscopic liver surgery and make adjustments when performing PLDRH.
Biomarkers in colorectal liver metastases
Authors: Yamashita S , Chun Y S , Kopetz S E , Vauthey J-N 
Published: March 2018

Abstract

Background
Despite a 5-year overall survival rate of 58 per cent after liver resection for colorectal liver metastases (CLMs), more than half of patients develop recurrence, highlighting the need for accurate risk stratification and prognostication. Traditional prognostic factors have been superseded by newer outcome predictors, including those defined by the molecular origin of the primary tumour.

Methods
This review synthesized findings in the literature using the PubMed database of articles in the English language published between 1998 and 2017 on prognostic and predictive biomarkers in patients undergoing resection of CLMs.

Results
Responses to preoperative chemotherapy define prognosis in patients undergoing CLM resection. There are differences by embryological origin too. Somatic mutations in the proto-oncogenes KRAS and NRAS are associated with positive surgical margins and tumour regrowth after ablation. Other mutations (such as BRAF) and co-occurring mutations in RAS/TP53 and APC/PIK3CA have emerged as important biomarkers that determine an individual patient's tumour biology and may be used to predict outcome after CLM resection.

Conclusion
Knowledge of somatic mutations can guide the use of preoperative therapy, extent of surgical margin and selection for ablation alone.
Exploring the impact of chronic high‐altitude exposure on visual spatial attention using the ERP approach
Authors: Zhang Delong , Ma Hailin , Huang Jiaqun , Zhang Xinjuan , Ma Huifang , Liu Ming 
Published: March 2018

AbstractIntroductionPrevious studies have reported the slowing of reaction times to attentionally demanding tasks due to a reduction in cognitive resource as a result of chronic high‐altitude exposure. However, it is still largely unknown whether this reaction slowness can be attributed to the attentional allocation change and/or response patterns.MethodsTo clarify this issue, this study investigated attention‐related (N2pc and N2 cc) and response‐related (MP and RAP) event‐related potentials (ERPs) to identify the performance of a visual search task by individuals who had lived in high‐altitude areas for three years compared with those living at sea level.ResultsThis study showed that the reaction times in response to a visual search task were significantly longer in the high‐altitude subjects than in the sea level subjects. Corresponding to this behavioral observation, we found a significantly lower N2pc amplitude and a larger N2 cc amplitude in the high‐altitude subjects, suggesting a reduction in spatial attention allocation to the target (N2pc) in these subjects, indicating they need to work harder to preclude cross‐talk between response selection and attention direction (N2 cc). Moreover, we also discovered higher MP amplitudes and longer RAP latencies in the high‐altitude subjects, which further indicated that these subjects were slower and required greater cortical activation while preparing and executing correctly selected responses (MP and RAP).ConclusionNevertheless, this study collectively provided new insights into the attention reaction slowness from high‐altitude exposure.
A novel rapid quantitative method reveals stathmin‐1 as a promising marker for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Yan Lu , Dong Xiu , Gao Jiajia , Liu Fang , Zhou Lanping , Sun Yulin , Zhao Xiaohang 
Published: March 2018

AbstractStathmin‐1 is a microtubule depolymerization protein that regulates cell division, growth, migration, and invasion. Overexpression of stathmin‐1 has been observed to be associated with metastasis, poor prognosis, and chemoresistance in various human cancers. Our previous studies found that serum stathmin‐1 was significantly elevated in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) by ELISAs. Here, we constructed high‐affinity monoclonal antibodies and then developed a competitive AlphaLISA for rapid, accurate quantitation of stathmin‐1 in serum. Compared to ELISA, our homogeneous AlphaLISA showed better sensitivity and accuracy, a lower limit of detection, and a wider linear range. The measurements of nearly 1000 clinical samples showed that serum stathmin‐1 level increased dramatically in patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), especially in ESCC, with a sensitivity and a specificity of 81% and 94%, respectively. Even for early stage ESCC, stathmin‐1 achieved an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.88. Meanwhile, raised concentrations of stathmin‐1 were associated with lymph node metastasis and advanced cancer stage. Notably, various types of SCC showed significantly higher AUCs in serum stathmin‐1 detection compared to adenocarcinoma. Furthermore, we confirmed that stathmin‐1 was enriched in the oncogenic exosomes, which can explain the reason why it enters into the blood to serve as a tumor surrogate. In conclusion, this large‐scale and systematic study of serum stathmin‐1 measured by our newly established AlphaLISA showed that stathmin‐1 is a very promising diagnostic and predictive marker for SCC in the clinic, especially for ESCC.
Association of family history and survival in patients with colorectal cancer: a pooled analysis of eight epidemiologic studies
Authors: Chong Dawn Q. , Banbury Barbara L. , Phipps Amanda I. , Hua Xinwei , Kocarnik Jonathan , Peters Ulrike , Berndt Sonja I. , Huang Wen‐Yi , Potter John D. , Slattery Martha L. , White Emily , Campbell Peter T. , Harrison Tabitha , Newcomb Polly A. , Chan Andrew T. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractA family history of colorectal cancer (CRC) in first‐degree relatives (FDRs) increases the risk of CRC. However, the influence of family history on survival among CRC patients remains unclear. We conducted a pooled analysis of survival in 5010 incident CRC cases. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the association of family history with overall survival (OS) and CRC‐specific survival (CSS). We also assessed the impact of the number of affected FDRs and age at CRC diagnosis in the affected FDRs on survival. Among CRC cases, 819 (16%) patients reported a family history of CRC. There were 1580 total deaths over a median follow‐up of 4.6 years, of which 1046 (66%) deaths were due to CRC. Having a family history of CRC was not associated with OS [hazard ratio (HR), 1.03; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.89–1.19] or CSS (HR, 1.13; 95% CI, 0.95–1.36)]. There were no associations between the number of affected relatives or age at CRC diagnosis of the affected relative with survival (all Ptrend > 0.05). However, a family history of CRC did confer worse CSS in patients diagnosed with distal colon cancer (HR, 1.45, 95% CI, 1.03–2.04). A family history of CRC was generally not associated with survival after CRC diagnosis. However, having a family history of CRC was associated with worse CRC prognosis in individuals with distal colon cancer, suggesting a possible genetic predisposition with distinct pathogenic mechanism that may lead to worse survival in this group.
Conducting community‐based participatory research in an urban Malaysian community: Lessons learned and challenges in establishing partnerships
Authors: Teoh Gaik Kin , Tan Maw Pin , Tan Joo Siang , Chong Mei Chan 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThis paper presents the process of how partnerships are established between an urban residential community and an academic institution in Malaysia by employing community‐based participatory research, which involves researchers, community members, and organizational representatives as coresearchers. The research process encompasses colearning, power sharing, and coconstructing of knowledge, with the community members driving the research direction. The research paradigm is grounded on conducting research with the community. This paper highlights the experience and lessons learned while applying the principles of community‐based participatory research that promotes social participation of older persons living in a residential community. Two pertinent challenges surface in the research process. The first challenge involves the complexity noted in the gap between the emancipation of community‐based participatory research and the hierarchical social structure of the society. The second challenge is the prevalence of unspoken yet subtle domination that undermines the local cultural values affecting the process of coconstructing knowledge with the community. Recommendations for addressing these challenges include future partnerships with other Malaysian communities as well as cross‐border research partnerships.
A Forkhead Box Protein C2 Inhibitor: Targeting Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition and Cancer Metastasis
Authors: Castaneda Maria , Chen Luxi , Pradhan Lagnajeet , Li Shichang , Zein Ruba , Lee Yeongju , Lim Hyun‐Suk , Nam Hyun‐Joo , Lee Jiyong 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been suggested as a new target for therapeutic intervention of metastatic cancer. Forkhead box protein C2 (FOXC2) is known to be necessary for initiating and maintaining EMT, and therefore bestows on cancer cells metastatic and cancer stem cell (CSC)‐like phenotypes, allowing cells to acquire higher motility, invasiveness, self‐renewal, and therapy resistance. Here, we describe the first inhibitor of FOXC2, MC‐1‐F2. MC‐1‐F2 was able to induce cadherin switching and reverse EMT through the degradation of FOXC2 and blocking of its nuclear localization. In addition, MC‐1‐F2 was very effective in inhibiting cancer cell migration and invasion. As the first small‐molecule inhibitor of FOXC2 and the first compound targeting EMT‐associated transcription factor, MC‐1‐F2 will pave the way for a new anticancer therapeutic agent targeting metastatic cancer and help to elucidate the network of EMT signaling pathways.
Robust Organocatalysts for the Cleavage of Vegetable Oil Derivatives to Aldehydes through Retrobenzoin Condensation
Authors: Vu Nam Duc , Bah Souleymane , Deruer Elsa , Duguet Nicolas , Lemaire Marc 
Published: March 2018

AbstractA series of thiazolium salts was prepared and tested for the cleavage of the α‐hydroxyketone derived from methyl oleate. The robustness of these precatalysts was determined by dynamic thermogravimetric analyses (TGA). It has been shown that the stability of these species is mainly governed by the nature of the counter‐anion and some of them were found to be stable until 350–400 °C. The α‐hydroxyketone derived from methyl oleate was cleaved under reactive distillation conditions using optimized, thermally robust N‐butylthiazolium triflate to give the cleavage product, namely, nonanal and methyl azelaaldehydate, with 85 and 70 % yields. A range of α‐hydroxyketones derived from several fatty acids was cleaved to give the corresponding bio‐based aldehydes with up to 98 % isolated yields. Finally, this protocol was successfully applied to a high‐oleic sunflower oil derivative.
Heterogeneous catalytic ozonation of naphthenic acids in water
Authors: Al jibouri Ali Kamel H. , Wu Jiangning , Upreti Simant Ranjan 
Published: March 2018

AbstractA major challenge the oil sands industries are facing is the urgent need to treat large amounts of oil sands process‐affected water (OSPW). OSPW is toxic to many species mainly due to the presence of naphthenic acids (NAs). Ozonation can significantly reduce both concentration and toxicity of the NAs. Unfortunately, this method suffers from its relatively high cost. To enhance NAs removal, we initiated heterogeneous catalytic ozonation of synthetic OSPW. Two types of catalysts were investigated: i) alumina supported metal oxides, and ii) unsupported catalysts. The alumina supported oxides included MnO2, MnO2/Co3O4, and MnO2/Li2O, while the unsupported catalysts were alumina and activated carbon (AC). All tested catalysts enhanced the ozone removal of NAs. Specifically, AC was found to be a very effective catalyst in addition to its adsorbability. AC significantly enhanced the removal of NAs and COD, the detoxification of the OSPW, and the biodegradability of NAs. For 85 % removal of NAs, the AC catalyzed ozonation needed 15 min whereas over 45 min were required by its non‐catalyzed counterpart. By using AC catalyzed ozonation, the efficiencies of detoxification and COD removal were both over four times and the biodegradability of the synthetic OSPW was over five times of those treated by non‐catalyzed ozonation. The mechanism study confirmed that due to the presence of AC the hydroxyl radical concentration increased 31 %, resulting in 26.4 % reduction in ozone consumption compared to non‐catalyzed ozonation. The removal of NAs was enhanced because of the higher oxidation power of hydroxyl radicals than molecular ozone.
Complex karyotype in patients with mantle cell lymphoma predicts inferior survival and poor response to intensive induction therapy
Authors: Greenwell I. Brian , Staton Ashley D. , Lee Michael J. , Switchenko Jeffrey M. , Saxe Debra F. , Maly Joseph J. , Blum Kristie A. , Grover Natalie S. , Mathews Stephanie P. , Gordon Max J. , Danilov Alexey V. , Epperla Narendranath , Fenske Timothy S. , Hamadani Mehdi , Park Steven I. , Flowers Christopher R. , Cohen Jonathon B. 
Published: March 2018

BACKGROUNDRisk stratification of newly diagnosed patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) primarily is based on the MCL International Prognostic Index (MIPI) and Ki‐67 proliferative index. Single‐center studies have reported inferior outcomes in patients with a complex karyotype (CK), but this remains an area of controversy.METHODSThe authors retrospectively reviewed 483 patients from 5 academic centers in the United States and described the effect of a CK on survival outcomes in individuals with MCL.RESULTSA CK was found to be associated with inferior overall survival (OS) (4.5 vs 11.6 years; P<.01) and progression‐free survival (PFS) (1.9 vs 4.4 years; P<.01). In patients who underwent high‐intensity induction followed by autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) in first remission, a CK was associated with poor OS (5.1 vs 11.6 years; P = .04) and PFS (3.6 vs 7.8 years; P<.01). Among patients with a CK, high‐intensity induction had no effect on OS (4.5 vs 3.8 years; P = .77) nor PFS (2.3 vs 1.5 years; P = .46). Similarly, ASCT in first remission did not improve PFS (3.5 vs 1.2 years; P = .12) nor OS (5.1 vs 4.0 years; P = .27). On multivariable analyses with Ki‐67 and MIPI, only CK was found to be predictive of OS (hazard ratio [HR], 1.98; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.12‐3.49 [P = .02]), whereas both CK (HR, 1.91; 95% CI, 1.17‐3.12 [P = .01]) and Ki‐67 >30% (HR, 1.86; 95% CI, 1.06‐3.28 [P = .03]) were associated with inferior PFS. Multivariable analysis did not identify any specific cytogenetic abnormalities associated with inferior survival.CONCLUSIONSCK appears to be independently associated with inferior outcomes in patients with MCL regardless of the intensity of induction therapy and receipt of ASCT. Cytogenetics should be incorporated into the workup of a new diagnosis of MCL and novel therapeutic approaches should be investigated for patients with CK. Cancer 2018;124:2306‐15. © 2018 American Cancer Society.
Mature results of a prospective study of deintensified chemoradiotherapy for low‐risk human papillomavirus‐associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Chera Bhishamjit S. , Amdur Robert J. , Tepper Joel E. , Tan Xianming , Weiss Jared , Grilley‐Olson Juneko E. , Hayes D. Neil , Zanation Adam , Hackman Trevor G. , Patel Samip , Sheets Nathan , Weissler Mark C. , Mendenhall William M. 
Published: March 2018

BACKGROUNDThe purpose of the current study was to determine quality of life and tumor control from a prospective phase 2 clinical trial evaluating deintensified chemoradiotherapy for favorable risk, human papillomavirus (HPV)‐associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.METHODSPatients with T0‐T3, N0‐N2c, M0, p16‐positive disease and a minimal smoking history were treated with 60 grays of intensity‐modulated radiotherapy with concurrent weekly intravenous cisplatin (30 mg/m2). The primary study endpoint was the pathologic complete response rate based on biopsy of the primary site and dissection of pretreatment positive lymph node regions. The pathologic complete response rate as previously reported was 86%. Herein, the authors report secondary endpoint measures of local control, regional control, cause‐specific survival, distant metastasis‐free survival, and overall survival, and patient‐reported outcomes (European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer [EORTC] Quality of Life Questionnaire [EORTC QLQ‐C30] and the Patient‐Reported Outcomes version of Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events [PRO‐CTCAE]).RESULTSA total of 44 patients enrolled with a median follow‐up of 36 months (88% with ≥2 years). The 3‐year local control, regional control, cause‐specific survival, distant metastasis‐free survival, and overall survival rates were 100%, 100%, 100%, 100%, and 95%, respectively. The mean before and 3‐year after EORTC QOL scores were: global: 80 of 78; swallowing: 11 of 11; dry mouth: 16 of 41; and sticky saliva: 6 of 29. The mean before and 3‐year after PRO‐CTCAE scores were: swallowing: 0.4 of 0.7; and dry mouth: 0.4 of 1.4. Approximately 39% of patients required a feeding tube (median duration, 15 weeks; none were permanent). There were no ≥grade 3 late adverse events reported.CONCLUSIONSFor patients with favorable‐risk human papillomavirus‐associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma, a substantially decreased intensity of therapy with 60 grays of intensity‐modulated radiotherapy and weekly low‐dose cisplatin produced better preservation of quality of life compared with standard therapies while maintaining excellent 3‐year tumor control and survival. Cancer 2018;124:2347‐54. © 2018 American Cancer Society.
Cancer survival among Alaska Native people
Authors: Nash Sarah H. , Meisner Angela L. W. , Zimpelman Garrett L. , Barry Marc , Wiggins Charles L. 
Published: March 2018

BACKGROUNDRecent cancer survival trends among American Indian and Alaska Native (AN) people are not well understood; survival has not been reported among AN people since 2001.METHODSThis study examined cause‐specific survival among AN cancer patients for lung, colorectal, female breast, prostate, and kidney cancers. It evaluated whether survival differed between cancers diagnosed in 1992‐2002 (the earlier period) and cancers diagnosed in 2003‐2013 (the later period) and by the age at diagnosis (<65 vs ≥65 years), stage at diagnosis (local or regional/distant/unknown), and sex. Kaplan‐Meier and Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate univariate and multivariate‐adjusted cause‐specific survival for each cancer.RESULTSAn improvement was observed in 5‐year survival over time from lung cancer (hazard ratio [HR] for the later period vs the earlier period, 0.83; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.72‐0.97), and a marginally nonsignificant improvement was observed for colorectal cancer (HR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.66‐1.01). Site‐specific differences in survival were observed by age and stage at diagnosis.CONCLUSIONSThis study presents the first data on cancer survival among AN people in almost 2 decades. During this time, AN people have experienced improvements in survival from lung and colorectal cancers. The reasons for these improvements may include increased access to care (including screening) as well as improvements in treatment. Improving cancer survival should be a priority for reducing the burden of cancer among AN people and eliminating cancer disparities.Cancer2018;124:2570‐7. ©2018 American Cancer Society.