bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of rheumatoid arthritis associated transcriptional changes on osteoclast differentiation network in the synovium
Authors: Harshan Shilpa , Dey Poulami , Ragunathan Srivatsan 
Published: October 2018

Background
Osteoclast differentiation in the inflamed synovium of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) affected joints leads to the formation of bone lesions. Reconstruction and analysis of protein interaction networks underlying specific disease phenotypes are essential for designing therapeutic interventions. In this study, we have created a network that captures signal flow leading to osteoclast differentiation. Based on transcriptome analysis, we have indicated the potential mechanisms responsible for the phenotype in the RA affected synovium.

Method
We collected information on gene expression, pathways and protein interactions related to RA from literature and databases namely Gene Expression Omnibus, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway and STRING. Based on these information, we created a network for the differentiation of osteoclasts. We identified the differentially regulated network genes and reported the signaling that are responsible for the process in the RA affected synovium.

Result
Our network reveals the mechanisms underlying the activation of the neutrophil cytosolic factor complex in connection to osteoclastogenesis in RA. Additionally, the study reports the predominance of the canonical pathway of NF-κB activation in the diseased synovium. The network also confirms that the upregulation of T cell receptor signaling and downregulation of transforming growth factor beta signaling pathway favor osteoclastogenesis in RA. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive protein–protein interaction network describing RA driven osteoclastogenesis in the synovium.

Discussion
This study provides information that can be used to build models of the signal flow involved in the process of osteoclast differentiation. The models can further be used to design therapies to ameliorate bone destruction in the RA affected joints.
Reliability and validity of a new accelerometer-based device for detecting physical activities and energy expenditure
Authors: Yang Yanxiang , Schumann Moritz , Le Shenglong , Cheng Shulin 
Published: October 2018

Background
Objective assessments of sedentary behavior and physical activity (PA) by using accelerometer-based wearable devices are ever expanding, given their importance in the global context of health maintenance. This study aimed to determine the reliability and validity of a new accelerometer-based analyzer (Fibion) for detecting different PAs and estimating energy expenditure (EE) during a simulated free-living day.

Methods
The study consisted of two parts: a reliability (n = 18) and a validity (n = 19) test. Reliability was assessed by a 45 min protocol of repeated sitting, standing, and walking (i.e., 3 × 15 min, repeated twice), using both Fibion and ActiGraph. Validity was assessed by a 12 h continuous sequence tasks of different types (sitting, standing, walking, and cycling) and intensities (light [LPA], moderate [MPA], and vigorous [VPA]) of PA. Two Fibion devices were worn on the thigh (FT) and in the pocket (FP), respectively and were compared with criteria measures, such as direct observation (criterion 1) and oxygen consumption by a portable gas analyzer, K4b2 (criterion 2).

Results
FT (intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs): 0.687–0.806) provided similar reliability as the Actigraph (ICCs: 0.661–0.806) for EE estimation. However, the measurement error (ME) of FT compared to the actual time records indicated an underestimation of duration by 5.1 ± 1.2%, 3.8 ± 0.3% and 14.9 ± 2.6% during sitting, walking, and standing, respectively. During the validity test, FT but not FP showed a moderate agreement but lager variance with the criteria (1 and 2) in assessing duration of sitting, long sitting, LPA, MPA, and VPA (p > 0.05, ICCs: 0.071–0.537), as well as for EE estimation of standing, LPA, MPA, and VPA (p > 0.05, ICCs: 0.673–0.894).

Conclusions
FT provided similar reliability to that of the Actigraph. However, low correlations between subsequent measurements of both devices indicated large random MEs, which were somewhat diminished during the simulated 12 h real-life test. Furthermore, FT may accurately determine the types, intensities of PA and EE during prolonged periods with substantial changes in postures, indicating that the location of the accelerometer is essential. Further study with a large cohort is needed to confirm the usability of Fibion, especially for detecting the low-intensity PAs.
НЕКОТОРЫЕ АСПЕКТЫ КАНЦЕРОГЕНЕЗА, СВЯЗАННЫЕ С ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКИМИ И ЭПИГЕНЕТИЧЕСКИМИ ФАКТОРАМИ, "Успехи современной биологии"
Authors: Михайлов В. Ф. , Шуленина Л. В. , Васильева И. М. , Салеева Д. В. , Засухина Г. Д. 
Published: October 2018

В работах различных авторов было показано, что многочисленные спонтанные повреждения ДНК (разрывы ДНК, изменение оснований), ежедневно возникающие в клетке в результате метаболизма организма человека, являются основой мутационной селекции. Мутантные клетки имеют определенные преимущества в микроокружающей среде, изменяющейся вследствие возрастных особенностей, что способствует образованию онкоклонов и диссеминации их. Значительная роль в этом процессе принадлежит наследственным факторам, при этом существует ряд наследственных болезней (пигментная ксеродерма и др.), которые в большинстве случаев приводят к возникновению рака. Описан ряд сопряженных генов, контролирующих клеточный гомеостаз и при этом являющихся генами-супрессорами, изменение активности которых или мутации в их структуре способствуют канцерогенезу. Рассмотрена роль эпигенетических факторов, к которым относятся некодирующие регуляторные РНК, организация структуры хроматина, метилирование в процессах канцерогенеза. Модуляция функциональной активности генов осуществляется некодирующими РНК, каждая из которых может иметь несколько генов-мишеней и, в свою очередь, быть подвержена влиянию различных генов. К регуляторным РНК относятся микроРНК и длинные некодирующие белки РНК, изменения активности которых могут служить биомаркерами начала заболевания, иметь прогностическую ценность и использоваться как мишень для терапии. Представлены новые данные о роли некодирующих РНК, метилирования и организации хроматина при канцерогенезе. Приведены данные авторов по использованию уровня экспрессии ряда генов и некодирующих РНК как прогностических показателей, пригодных для оценки эффективности терапии ряда опухолей. Специальное внимание уделено структурной организации хроматина и метилированию в канцерогенезе, а также взаимодействию клеточных структур, влияющих не активность генов и их регуляцию в канцерогенезе. Дана краткая оценка канцерогенного действия экзогенных факторов: природных (космические факторы, некоторые природные соединения) и антропогенных (радиация, химические вещества, онкогенные вирусы).
Tissue Models for Neurogenesis and Repair in 3D
Authors: Grasman Jonathan M. , Ferreira Julia A. , Kaplan David L. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractDevelopment and maturation of vascular and neuronal tissues occurs simultaneously in utero, and are regulated by significant crosstalk. Here, the development of a 3D tissue system to model neurogenesis and recapitulate developmental signaling conditions is reported. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) are seeded inside channels within collagen gels to represent nascent vascular networks. Axons extending from chicken dorsal root ganglia grow significantly longer and preferentially toward the HUVEC seeded channels with respect to unloaded channels. To replicate these findings without the vascular component, channels are loaded with brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), the principle signaling molecule in HUVEC‐stimulated axonal growth, and axons likewise are significantly longer and grow preferentially toward the BDNF‐loaded channels with respect to controls. This 3D tissue system is then used as an in vitro replicate for peripheral nerve injury, with neural repair observed within 2 weeks. These results demonstrate that the 3D tissue system can model neural network formation, can repair after laceration injuries, and can be utilized to further study how these networks form and interact with other tissues, such as skin or skeletal muscle.
Metal‐Organic Frameworks/Graphene‐Based Materials: Preparations and Applications
Authors: Zheng Yan , Zheng Shasha , Xue Huaiguo , Pang Huan 
Published: October 2018

AbstractMetal‐organic frameworks (MOFs), a new class of crystalline porous materials, can be applied in many fields as adsorbents, supercapacitors, catalysts, and so on because of, among others, their superior properties of large surface area, tunable pore size, diverse structures. However, the low stability and selectivity of traditional MOFs indicate that they are not the best configuration for the applications outlined above. In this case, a type of composite made from an assembly of graphene‐based materials and MOFs that exhibits the advantages of the parent materials has attracted widespread attention in recent years. This review provides an overview of the recent developments of MOF/graphene‐based materials, focusing on their applications in gas separation/storage, water purification, chemical sensors, batteries, supercapacitors, and catalysts, as well as their preparation methods.
Poly(vinyldibenzothiophenesulfone): Its Redox Capability at Very Negative Potential Toward an All‐Organic Rechargeable Device with High‐Energy Density
Authors: Oka Kouki , Kato Ryo , Oyaizu Kenichi , Nishide Hiroyuki 
Published: October 2018

AbstractDibenzothiophenesulfone undergoes a two‐electron reduction in a single step at a very negative potential of −1.8 V (versus Ag/AgCl) in organic electrolytes, due to the electron‐withdrawing sulfone group and the stability of the resulting dianion. The heterogeneous electron‐transfer rate constant for the reduction is approximately 10−1 cm s−1, which is significantly faster than most redox‐active species. The results presented herein suggest that dibenzothiophenesulfone is a potential candidate for use as an anode‐active material with high‐energy density. In addition, radical polymerization of vinyldibenzothiophenesulfone yielded poly(vinyldibenzothiophenesulfone) with a high molecular weight. A rechargeable device is fabricated with only organic compounds; poly(vinyldibenzothiophenesulfone) as the anode, 2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidine‐1‐oxyl (TEMPO)‐substituted poly(methacrylate) as the cathode, and tetraethylammonium salt and organic solvent as the electrolyte. This device yields a maximum output voltage of 2.6 V in these organic devices, and the active component of the anode displays a very high‐energy density of >500 mWh g−1.
Ceramic Robocasting: Recent Achievements, Potential, and Future Developments
Authors: Peng Erwin , Zhang Danwei , Ding Jun 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAdditive manufacturing (AM) of ceramic materials has attracted tremendous attention in recent years, due to its potential to fabricate suitable advanced ceramic structures for various engineering applications. Robocasting, a subset of ceramic AM, is an ideal technique for constructing fine and dense ceramic structures with geometrically complex morphology. With the freedom and convenience to deposit various materials within any 3D spatial position, ceramic robocasting opens up unlimited opportunities, which are otherwise hardly attainable from other AM techniques. Here, a summary of the recent progress on the fabrication of single and multi‐ceramic structures by robocasting is provided, as well as the prospects of achieving shapeable ceramic structures. The current challenges in ceramic robocasting and an outlook on its development, especially toward the fabrication of self‐shaping ceramic structures, are also discussed.
Sandwich‐Like Fibers/Sponge Composite Combining Chemotherapy and Hemostasis for Efficient Postoperative Prevention of Tumor Recurrence and Metastasis
Authors: Zhang Zhiyun , Kuang Gaizhen , Zong Shan , Liu Shi , Xiao Haihua , Chen Xuesi , Zhou Dongfang , Huang Yubin 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIntraoperative bleeding is an essential factor leading to the earliest recurrence and tumor metastasis frequently seen after resection of solid tumors. Local drug delivery implants show the unique advantages on postoperative cancer therapy. Herein, a sandwich‐like cisplatin‐loaded fibers/sponge composite (CFSC) combining chemotherapy and hemostasis is constructed. The obtained implantable CFSC is able to simultaneously stop bleeding and absorb disseminated tumor cells after tumor resection. More importantly, sustained released cisplatin can kill local residual tumor cells as well as those concentrated in the CFSC, which significantly inhibits local tumor recurrence and distant tumor metastasis on the subcutaneous postoperative recurrence model and metastasis models. This dual functional implant strategy with low toxicity to healthy organs may inspire new aspects for efficient postoperative cancer therapy.
Secondary Acceptor Optimization for Full‐Exciton Radiation: Toward Sky‐Blue Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Diodes with External Quantum Efficiency of ≈30%
Authors: Li Chenyu , Duan Chunbo , Han Chunmiao , Xu Hui 
Published: October 2018

AbstractEfficient blue emitters are indispensable for organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) with respect to display and lighting applications. Because of their high‐energy excited states, both radiation enhancement and non‐radiation suppression should be simultaneously optimized to realize 100% exciton utilization. Here, it is shown that the excited‐state characteristics of blue thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitters can be precisely controlled by a secondary acceptor having moderate electronic effects on increasing the singlet charge‐transfer component and preserving the triplet locally excited‐state component. In addition of planar configuration between the donor and the primary acceptor, the radiative transition improvement and non‐radiative transition suppression can be simultaneously achieved for “full‐exciton radiation”. A molecule using diphenylphosphine oxide as the secondary acceptor exhibits ≈100% photoluminescence quantum yield on the basis of its tenfold increased singlet radiative rate constant, fivefold decreased singlet and triplet non‐radiative rate constants, and ≈100% reverse intersystem crossing efficiency, which further endows ≈100% exciton utilization efficiency to its sky‐blue OLEDs.
Honeycomb‐Lantern‐Inspired 3D Stretchable Supercapacitors with Enhanced Specific Areal Capacitance
Authors: Lv Zhisheng , Tang Yuxin , Zhu Zhiqiang , Wei Jiaqi , Li Wenlong , Xia Huarong , Jiang Ying , Liu Zhiyuan , Luo Yifei , Ge Xiang , Zhang Yanyan , Wang Renheng , Zhang Wei , Loh Xian Jun , Chen Xiaodong 
Published: October 2018

AbstractTraditional stretchable supercapacitors, possessing a thin electrode and a 2D shape, have limited areal specific areal capacitance and are incompatible with 3D wearables. To overcome the limitations of 2D stretchable supercapacitors, it is highly desirable to develop 3D stretchable supercapacitors with higher mass loading and customizable shapes. In this work, a new 3D stretchable supercapacitor inspired by a honeycomb lantern based on an expandable honeycomb composite electrode composed of polypyrrole/black‐phosphorous oxide electrodeposited on carbon nanotube film is reported. The 3D stretchable supercapacitors possessing device‐thickness‐independent ion‐transport path and stretchability can be crafted into customizable device thickness for enhancing the specific areal energy storage and integrability with wearables. Notably, a 1.0 cm thick rectangular‐shaped supercapacitor shows enhanced specific areal capacitance of 7.34 F cm−2, which is about 60 times higher than that of the original 2D supercapacitor (120 mF cm−2) at a similar discharge rate. The 3D supercapacitor can also maintain a capacitance ratio of 95% even under the reversible strain of 2000% after 10 000 stretch‐and‐release cycles, superior to state‐of‐the‐art stretchable supercapacitors. The enhanced specific areal energy storage and the customizablility in shapes of the 3D stretchable supercapacitors show immense promise in a wide range of applications in stretchable and wearable electronics.
Asymmetric Syntheses of Spirooxindole‐dihydroquinazolinones by Cyclization Reactions between N‐substituted Anthranilamides and Isatins
Authors: Wang Liang‐Liang , Jiang Ting , Li Peng‐Hua , Sun Rou‐Jing , Zuo Zhili 
Published: October 2018

AbstractA variety of enantioenriched 3‐N‐substituted spirooxindole‐dihydroquinazolinones were synthesized by cyclization reactions involving 2‐amino‐N‐substituted benzamides and isatins catalyzed by SPINOL‐CPA catalyst in a highly enantioselective manner with excellent ee values (up to 99%) and good yields (up to 99%). So far, this is the first example to directly access this type of chiral pharmaceutically privileged 3‐N‐substituted dihydroquinazolinone derivatives with a broad substrate scope.magnified image
Comment on Sensitivity Coefficients to Variation of Fundamental Constants
Authors: Kozlov Mikhail G. , Budker Dmitry 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAtoms and molecules can serve as sensitive probes of a possible variation of the fine structure constant α and electron‐to‐proton mass ratio μ. Two types of sensitivity coefficients are often used to quantify and compare the sensitivity of different species to the variation of fundamental constants. The dimensionless coefficients K are related to the fractional sensitivity, while dimensional factors q are related to the absolute sensitivity. Here, several common errors and misconceptions regarding these coefficients that frequently appear in the literature are discussed.
Photoredox/Nickel‐Catalyzed Single‐Electron Tsuji–Trost Reaction: Development and Mechanistic Insights
Authors: Matsui Jennifer K. , Gutiérrez‐Bonet Álvaro , Rotella Madeline , Alam Rauful , Gutierrez Osvaldo , Molander Gary A. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractA regioselective, nickel‐catalyzed photoredox allylation of secondary, benzyl, and α‐alkoxy radical precursors is disclosed. Through this manifold, a variety of linear allylic alcohols and allylated monosaccharides are accessible in high yields under mild reaction conditions. Quantum mechanical calculations [DFT and DLPNO‐CCSD(T)] support the mechanistic hypothesis of a Ni0 to NiII oxidative addition pathway followed by radical addition and inner‐sphere allylation.
The In Situ Sulfidation of Cu2O by Endogenous H2S for Colon Cancer Theranostics
Authors: An Lu , Wang Xiaodong , Rui Xichuan , Lin Jiaomin , Yang Hong , Tian Qiwei , Tao Cheng , Yang Shiping 
Published: October 2018

AbstractExpression of a high concentration of H2S is closely related to the formation of colon cancer tumors. However, only a few H2S‐triggered theranostics agents for colon cancer have been reported to date. Now, a turn‐on theranostics agent was developed by utilizing the in situ reaction of Cu2O and endogenous H2S at colon tumor sites. Based on in vitro and in vivo experiments, excellent photoacoustic imaging and photothermal therapy were both confirmed by this in situ reaction‐activated colon cancer theranostics method. This work established a simple and efficient strategy for both diagnosis and treatment of colon cancer with a novel trigger mechanism, which provides a new route for colon cancer theranostics based on the in situ reactions at the tumor sites.
Catalytic Reductive N‐Alkylations Using CO2 and Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Recent Progress and Developments
Authors: Cabrero‐Antonino Jose R. , Adam Rosa , Beller Matthias 
Published: October 2018

AbstractN‐Alkylamines are key intermediates in the synthesis of fine chemicals, dyes, and natural products, and hence are highly valuable building blocks in organic chemistry. Consequently, the development of greener and more efficient procedures for their production continues to attract the interest of both academic and industrial chemists. Reductive procedures such as reductive amination or N‐alkylation through hydrogen autotransfer by employing carbonyl compounds or alcohols as alkylating agents have prevailed for the synthesis of amines. In the last few years, carboxylic/carbonic acid derivatives and CO2 have been introduced as alternative and convenient alkylating sources. The safety, easy accessibility, and high stability of these reagents makes the development of new reductive transformations with them as N‐alkylating agents a useful alternative to existing procedures. In this Review, we summarize reported examples of one‐pot reductive N‐alkylation methods that use carboxylic/carbonic acid derivatives or CO2 as alkylating agents.
Looking beyond fishing: Conservation of keystone freshwater species to support a diversity of socio‐economic values
Authors: Noble Mae M. , Fulton Christopher J. , Pittock Jamie 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Keystone species can provide a focal point for designing conservation and management strategies that protect a diversity of social–ecological values in aquatic ecosystems; however, to avoid bias towards a subset of values associated with a single activity, such as fishing, stakeholder consultations must cover a spectrum of social perspectives.
Using the Murray crayfish (Euastacus armatus) as a model, this study explored how Aboriginal Traditional Owners, landowners, tourism businesses, scientific researchers, non‐governmental organizations, and government agencies valued this threatened freshwater species across south‐east Australia.
Qualitative methods revealed that E. armatus is a culturally significant species, targeted for fishing, but is also valued for a range of non‐extractive reasons that support social–ecological linkages between people and freshwater ecosystems.
Perceived as an iconic species by most stakeholders, there was general support for E. armatus to be used as a flagship for conserving a spectrum of social–ecological values (e.g. Aboriginal Traditional Owner totem species), attached to their local freshwater ecosystems. Although stakeholders were conflicted over whether fishing should continue, four themes emerged on how to develop more equitable and effective conservation and management strategies: increased public education, co‐management with non‐government stakeholders, federal government co‐ordination, and spatial protection of critical areas.
The protection of aquatic species in ways that support their full range of cultural, economic, and ecological values will require more bottom‐up (i.e. stakeholder‐led) approaches to conservation and management design. Broader stakeholder engagement and co‐management should reduce perceptions that local stakeholders are isolated from management processes, while increasing the capacity and confidence of managers to implement strategies that bolster both the social and ecological resilience of aquatic ecosystems.