bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perception Versus Performance of Swallow Function in Residents of Long-Term Care
Authors: Namasivayam-MacDonald Ashwini M. , Steele Catriona M. , Keller Heather H. 
Published: June 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to determine if older adults residing in long-term care were able to accurately self-report their swallowing status by comparing subjective complaints of dysphagia and objective methods of swallowing screening.

Method

Data were collected from 397 residents of long-term care (
M
age
= 86.8 years ± 7.8; 263 female). Cognitive impairment scores were collected, and each resident was asked (a) if they thought they had a swallowing problem, (b) if they coughed/choked when they ate, and (c) if they coughed/choked when they drank. These responses were compared to results of a swallowing screening tool and mealtime observations of coughing and choking.

Results

Residents who reported swallowing difficulties (10%,
n
= 41) were 8 times more likely to fail the swallowing screening (
p
< .001); however, 80% of residents who failed the swallowing screening did not previously report that swallowing was an issue. There was no significant association between self-reports of coughing and choking at meals and observations. There was no difference in level of cognition between residents who accurately reported swallowing status and those who were inaccurate.

Conclusions
Residents are largely unable to accurately self-report swallowing difficulties and also have difficulty accurately reporting incidences of coughing and choking. These findings suggest that concerted efforts are required to implement regular, formal swallowing screening protocols in long-term care to objectively identify those at risk.
The Use of Dynamic Assessment for the Diagnosis of Language Disorders in Bilingual Children: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Orellana Carla I. , Wada Rebekah , Gillam Ronald B. 
Published: June 2019

Purpose
Dynamic assessment (DA) has generally been accepted and recommended for use with bilingual children; however, no meta-analysis or systematic review of the diagnostic accuracy for language impairment within this population exists. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the current use of DA and its diagnostic accuracy for language impairment in bilingual children.

Method
Through a key word search of PsycINFO, ERIC, Academic Search Premier, and MEDLINE via EBSCOhost, 7 studies were identified. Participants ranged from 3 to 8 years old. Areas of language addressed through DA included labeling single words, morpheme rule learning, ability to learn nonwords, and narratives. Study results were analyzed with respect to diagnostic accuracy, participant modifiability, and methodological quality.

Results
Overall, participants with typically developing language received higher scores on the language assessments used in DA studies compared to participants with a language impairment. Gain scores were generally not useful for differentiating between children who did or did not have language impairments. However, clinician judgments of modifiability during the teaching phase of DA consistently yielded significant group effects favoring the typically developing children. Across the 7 studies, sensitivity and specificity were reasonably high, with all studies meeting or close to meeting the set criteria (≥ 0.8).

Conclusion
Suggestive evidence supports the use of DA for diagnosing language disorders in bilingual children. However, limitations in the methodological quality of the studies that were reviewed could have resulted in inflated diagnostic accuracy and decreased validity.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.8232926
Time-Gated Word Recognition in Children: Effects of Auditory Access, Age, and Semantic Context
Authors: Walker Elizabeth A. , Kessler David , Klein Kelsey , Spratford Meredith , Oleson Jacob J. , Welhaven Anne , McCreery Ryan W. 
Published: June 2019

Purpose
We employed a time-gated word recognition task to investigate how children who are hard of hearing (CHH) and children with normal hearing (CNH) combine cognitive–linguistic abilities and acoustic–phonetic cues to recognize words in sentence-final position.

Method
The current study included 40 CHH and 30 CNH in 1st or 3rd grade. Participants completed vocabulary and working memory tests and a time-gated word recognition task consisting of 14 high- and 14 low-predictability sentences. A time-to-event model was used to evaluate the effect of the independent variables (age, hearing status, predictability) on word recognition. Mediation models were used to examine the associations between the independent variables (vocabulary size and working memory), aided audibility, and word recognition.

Results
Gated words were identified significantly earlier for high-predictability than low-predictability sentences. First-grade CHH and CNH showed no significant difference in performance. Third-grade CHH needed more information than CNH to identify final words. Aided audibility was associated with word recognition. This association was fully mediated by vocabulary size but not working memory.

Conclusions
Both CHH and CNH benefited from the addition of semantic context. Interventions that focus on consistent aided audibility and vocabulary may enhance children's ability to fill in gaps in incoming messages.
Phase‐interpolator‐based glitch‐free fractional frequency divider with track‐and‐hold technique
Authors: Wang Keping , Zhou Tongxuan , Zhang Hao , Qiu Lei 
Published: June 2019

This Letter presents an 8‐bit fractional frequency divider by utilising current‐mode phase interpolator (PI) for digital phase‐locked loops. A novel track‐and‐hold circuitry is proposed between the PI and divide‐by‐2. It can remove the glitches generated by the current‐interpolation structure. This method also relaxes the requirement of the minimum input frequency, while maintaining the same output frequency. The proposed fractional frequency divider is designed and fabricated with a 65‐nm CMOS technology. It dissipates a DC power of 0.8 mW from a 1.2 V supply. The measurement result shows that the fractional frequency divider achieves an uncalibrated in‐band spur of −43 dBc.
Polytropic state of the intracluster medium in the X-COP cluster sample
Authors: Ghirardini V. , Ettori S. , Eckert D. , Molendi S. 
Published: June 2019

Aims. In this work, we have investigated the relation between the radially resolved thermodynamic quantities of the intracluster medium in the X-COP cluster sample, aiming to assess the stratification properties of the ICM.
Methods. We modeled the relations between radius, gas temperature, density, and pressure using a combination of power-laws, also evaluating the intrinsic scatter in these relations.
Results. We show that the gas pressure is remarkably well correlated to the density, with very small scatter. Also the temperature correlates with gas density with similar scatter. The slopes of these relations have values that show a clear transition from the inner cluster regions to the outskirts. This transition occurs at the radius rt = 0.19(±0.04) R500 and electron density nt = (1.91 ± 0.21) × 10−3 cm−3 E2(z). We find that above 0.2 R500 the radial thermodynamic profiles are accurately reproduced by a well defined and physically motivated framework, where the dark matter follows the NFW potential and the gas is represented by a polytropic equation of state. By modeling the gas temperature dependence upon both the gas density and radius, we propose a new method to reconstruct the hydrostatic mass profile based only on the relatively inexpensive measurement of the gas density profile.
Interplanetary flux ropes of any twist distribution
Authors: Vandas M. , Romashets E. P. 
Published: June 2019

Context. Recent investigations indicate that the magnetic field configuration in interplanetary flux ropes is in contrast with the common magnetic field models that are used to fit them, namely constant-alpha force-free fields, whose twist increases without limits toward the flux-rope boundary. Therefore, magnetic field configurations with a constant twist are now being employed in fits.
Aims. Real flux ropes have varying twist. Therefore, analytical magnetic field configurations with prescribed twist distributions are searched for in cylindrical geometry.
Methods. Equations for the field solenoidality and for the force-free condition are solved for case when a twist profile is prescribed.
Results. A model of a force-free magnetic field configuration with an arbitrarily given twist distribution in a cylinder and its relative helicity per unit length are presented. It is applied to a core-envelope model recently suggested in studies of twist in magnetic clouds.
The environment of supernova remnant VRO 42.05.01 as probed with IRAM 30m molecular line observations
Authors: Arias M. , Domček V. , Zhou P. , Vink J. 
Published: June 2019

Context. The environment of supernova remnants (SNRs) is a key factor in their evolution, particularly at later stages of their existence. Mixed-morphology (MM) SNRs have a peculiar centre-filled X-ray shape that remains enigmatic. It is often assumed that they evolve in very dense environments, and that the X-ray morphology is due to interactions between the SNRs and their surroundings.
Aims. We aim to determine whether VRO 42.05.01 is embedded in, and interacting with, a dense molecular environment. We also aim to understand the multi-wavelength emission from the environment of this SNR, and whether the interstellar material can be responsible for the the MM nature of the source, and for its strange radio and optical shape.
Methods. We used the IRAM telescope in Pico Veleta, Spain, to search for signs of interaction between the SNR and neighbouring molecular clouds. We observed a region of 26′ × 14′ towards the west of VRO 42.05.01 and a region of 8′ × 4′ towards the north of the remnant in the 12CO J = 1−0, 13CO J = 1−0, and 12CO J = 2−1 transitions with the EMIR receiver. We made maps of the properties of the observed molecular clouds (peak temperatures, central velocities, velocity dispersions), as well as maps of column density along the line of sight, and ratio of the 12CO J = 2−1 to 12CO J = 1−0 transitions. We also analyse archival optical, infrared, and radio spectroscopic data for other hints on the nature of the medium.
Results. We do not find conclusive physical proof that the SNR is interacting with the few, clumpy molecular clouds that surround it in the region of our observations, although there is some suggestion of such interaction (in a region outside our map) from infrared emission. We find that there is a velocity gradient in one of the molecular clouds that is consistent with a stellar wind blown by a 12−14 M⊙ progenitor star. We reassess the literature distance to VRO 42.05.01, and propose that it has a local standard of rest velocity of − 6 km s−1, and that it is located 1.0 ± 0.4 kpc away (the earlier distance value was 4.5 ± 1.5 kpc). We find that a dust sheet intersects VRO 42.05.01 and is possibly related to its double shell-shaped morphology.
Collaboration of community hospital endosonographers improves diagnostic yield of endoscopic ultrasonography guided tissue acquisition of solid pancreatic lesions
Authors: Quispel Rutger , van Driel Lydi M.J.W. , Honkoop Pieter , Hadithi Mohamad , Anten Marie-Paule , Smedts Frank , Kerkmeer Margreet C. , Veldt Bart J. , Bruno Marco J. ,   On behalf of the Dutch, Rotterdam Regional, QUality in EndoSonography Team (QUEST)
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Background and study aims Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided tissue acquisition (TA) is the method of choice for establishing a pathological diagnosis of solid pancreatic lesions. Data on quality and yield of EUS-guided TA performed in community hospitals are lacking. A study was performed to determine and improve the diagnostic yield of EUS-guided TA in a group of community hospitals.
Methods Following analysis of the last 20 EUS-guided TA procedures of solid pancreatic lesions performed in each of four community hospitals, a collaborative EUS interest group was formed and a prospective registry was started. During meetings of the interest group, feedback on results per center were provided and strategies for improvement were discussed.
Results In the BEFORE team formation cohort, 80 procedures were performed in 66 patients. In the AFTER team formation cohort, 133 procedures were performed in 125 patients. After team formation, the rate of adequate sample increased from 80 % (95 %CI [0.7 – 0.9]) to 95 % (95 %CI [0.9 – 1.0]) , diagnostic yield of malignancy improved from 28 % (95 %CI [0.2 – 0.4]) to 64 % (95 % CI [0.6 – 0.7]), and sensitivity of malignancy improved from 63 % (95 %CI [0.4 – 0.8]) to 84 % (95 %CI [0.8 – 0.9]). Multivariate regression analysis revealed team formation to be the only variable significantly associated with an increased rate of adequate sample.
Conclusions Formation of a regional EUS interest group with regular feedback on results per center, and discussions on methods and techniques used, significantly improved the outcome of EUS-guided TA procedures in patients with solid pancreatic lesions in community hospitals.
Mechanochemically Gated Photoswitching: Expanding the Scope of Polymer Mechanochromism
Authors: Barber Ross W. , McFadden Molly E. , Hu Xiaoran , Robb Maxwell J. 
Published: June 2019

Mechanophores are molecules that undergo productive, covalent chemical transformations in response to mechanical force. Over the last decade, a variety of mechanochromic mechanophores have been developed that enable the direct visualization of stress in polymers and polymeric materials through changes in color and chemiluminescence. The recent introduction of mechanochemically gated photoswitching extends the repertoire of polymer mechanochromism by decoupling the mechanical activation from the visible response, enabling the mechanical history of polymers to be recorded and read on-demand using light. Here, we discuss advances in mechanochromic mechanophores and present our design of a cyclopentadiene–maleimide Diels–Alder adduct that undergoes a force-induced retro-[4+2] cycloaddition reaction to reveal a latent diarylethene photoswitch. Following mechanical activation, UV light converts the colorless diarylethene molecule into the colored isomer via a 6π-electrocyclic ring-closing reaction. Mechanically gated photoswitching expands on the fruitful developments in mechanochromic polymers and provides a promising platform for further innovation in materials applications including stress sensing, patterning, and information storage.1	Introduction to Polymer Mechanochemistry2	Mechanochromic Reactions for Stress Sensing3	Regiochemical Effects on Mechanophore Activation4	Mechanochemically Gated Photoswitching5	Conclusions
Region-specific and activity-dependent regulation of SVZ neurogenesis and recovery after stroke
Authors: Liang Huixuan , Zhao Handi , Gleichman Amy , Machnicki Michal , Telang Sagar , Tang Sydney , Rshtouni Mary , Ruddell Jack , Carmichael S. Thomas 
Published: June 2019

Significance
Recovery after stroke involves remodeling in brain tissue adjacent to the stroke site. In this remodeling, neurogenesis after stroke involves the formation of new neurons. The role of neurogenesis in stroke recovery and the role of brain and behavioral activity in this process remain undefined. Using orthogonal transgenic mouse tracing and rabies virus approaches, we demonstrate that brain regions unexpectedly compete for new neurons after stroke and that the behavioral or cellular activity establishes this competition. These new neurons synaptically integrate into cortex, and this integration is necessary for poststroke recovery.
Social evolution leads to persistent corruption
Authors: Lee Joung-Hun , Iwasa Yoh , Dieckmann Ulf , Sigmund Karl 
Published: June 2019

Significance
Corruption is widely perceived as a major problem. Bribery of judicial institutions undermines the trust needed for joint efforts and economic investments. Transparency can reestablish trust, but at the cost of constant supervision of the institutions. Reducing such vigilance is advantageous in the short term. In the long run, it leads to more cheating and less cooperation. This can create cyclic outbursts of corruption or maintain corruption at a stable level.
Supperordinner?
Authors: Jankowski Bridget L. , Tagliamonte Sali A. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe English words for daily meals constitute a complex lexical variable conditioned by social and linguistic factors. Comparative sociolinguistic analysis of 884 speakers from more than a dozen locations in Ontario, Canada reveals a synchronic system with social correlates that are reflexes of the British and American founder populations of the province. Toronto and Loyalist settlements in southern Ontario use the highest rates ofdinnerwhile northerners with European and Scots-Irish roots usesupper. Dinneris taking over as the dominant form among younger speakers, exposing a cascade pattern (Trudgill 1972;Labov 2007) that is consistent with sociolinguistic typology (Trudgill 2011).
Neoliberal feminism in contemporary South Korean popular music
Authors: Kim Gooyong 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This paper examines how South Korean popular music (K-pop) promotes neoliberal feminism by a
discourse of resilience. In a therapeutic narrative of overcoming obstacles and achieving goals, K-pop videos
deliver a hegemonic message that individuals have to be responsible for their success and well-being rather
than blaming external, institutional conditions. While ostensibly promoting female empowerment, the videos
update and reinforce patriarchal gender norms and expectations. To substantiate this point, I analyze music
videos of the most successful K-pop group, Girls’ Generation’s “Into the New World” (2007) and “All Night”
(2017) to investigate how they promote resilience discourse along with neoliberal positive psychology as a
hegemonic ideal of female subjectivity.
Luminescent properties of Tb3+ doped ZrO2 films
Authors: Ramos A.I. , Sanchez M. , Guzmán J. , Torres J.G. , García M. , Rivera T. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
In the present work luminescence properties of terbium trivalent (Tb3+) doped ZrO2 were studied. Ultrasonic spray pyrolysis (USP) technique was employed to deposit the films. PL emission of the ZrO2:Tb3+ films exhibits emission peaks around 489, 548, 588, and 620 nm corresponding to transitions 5D4→7F6, 5D4→7F5, 5D4 →7F4, and 5D4→7D3 was seen when excited by excitation wavelength 288 nm. TL glow curves for ZrO2:Tb3+ exhibit a glow curve with a well-defined peak centered in around 170°C. TL signal as a function of dopant concentration showed a maximum at 10 at%. The best intensity of TL response as a function of UV radiation wavelength was in 230 nm. TL response fading and reusability were also analyzed. The ZrO2:Tb3+ films has been found to have simple and sharp glow peak which should be considered for dosimetric applications.
Temperature effect on the luminescent emission of hafnium oxide doped with europium ion.
Authors: López Esquivel R I , Guzmán Mendoza J , Montalvo T Rivera , Torres J G , Guzmán Olguín J C , Falcony C. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Photoluminescent analysis of HfO2 doped with Eu3+, as a function of temperature is reported. Samples were synthesized by hydrothermal method at 200 °C of temperature and 120 minutes of reaction time, using chlorides as raw materials. The HfO2 was doped with trivalent europium ions (Eu3+) at concentrations 1, 2, 3, 5 and 10 % atomic. X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed synthesized material crystallized in monoclinic phase characteristic of HfO2. Scanning electron microscopy showed presence of particles of smaller size than 100 nm forming agglomerates. Photoluminescent analysis at room temperature for sample doped with Eu3+ (3%) display highest luminescent emission. Finally, photoluminescent analysis as a function of temperature, shown changes in luminescent intensity in 5D1 and 5D0 transitions, for 0 to 50 °C temperature range.
Effects of local distortion on the electrical properties of lead free perovskite-type electro-ceramics Ba1-xCaxTi0.9Zr0.1O3
Authors: Herrera-Pérez G , Reyes-Montero A , Canche-Tello J , Montero-Cabrera M E , Fuentes-Montero M E , Plaisier J R , Eichert D , Reyes-Rojas A , Fuentes-Cobas L E 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The electro-ceramic industry has focused their attention on replacing lead-based materials due to their toxic effects and unfavourable environment impact. Barium titanate doped with calcium and zirconium denoted in this work as BCZT is a well-known perovskite-type solid solution. In particular, Ba1-xCaxTi0.9Zr0.1O3 (where x = 0, 0.1 and 0.15) compositions are located near the so called morphotropic phase boundary (MPB): coexistence of ferroelectric phases. This work shows the relationship between the crystal and electronic structure with the dielectric and piezo-ferroelectric properties. The high-resolution X-ray diffraction (HR-XRD) results suggest the coexistence of tetragonal and rhombohedral phases over the obtained compositions. The dielectric analysis indicates a relaxor behaviour with a Curie temperature in a range of 100-120°C. Piezoelectric and ferroelectric evaluation complement the electrical characterization for these compositions. Micro–X-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy (μ-XANES) was performed to monitor possible changes of electronic structure profile due to the local distortions as Ca2+ increases.
Graphene oxide with the addition of different values of Ag nanoparticles.
Authors: Pérez A Nascir , Ojeda M. M , Renteria T V M , Ojeda M Luisa , Velasquez O C 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
In this work, the synthesis of graphene oxide (GO) were performed also we incorporate different Ag nanoparticles concentration with the aim to improve the properties of this material due to the assembled of metallic nanoparticles. In our case we choose Ag nanoparticles since that have a good reflectivity of light and the possibility to increment the Raman intensity by effects of the surface plasmon resonance. The synthesis of the GO and the Ag nanoparticles were achieved by the Hummers method and chemical reduction, respectively. Five samples of graphene oxide were obtained, with the addition of different values of Ag nanoparticles in those samples were 0 μL, 5 μL,10 μL,15 μL y 50 μL. All samples were characterized by some spectroscopy techniques evaluating the absorption, structure and composition. We found that the Raman intensity increment for the sample of 15 μL of Ag nanoparticles, that effect could be related to the surface plasmon resonance of these nanoparticles.
Vibrational and magnetic properties of YIG ferrite powders obtained by the Pechini method
Authors: Barrón-López J F , Hernández-Cruz L E , Sánchez De-Jesús F , Bolarín-Miró A , Alvarez G , Montiel H 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Yttrium iron garnet (YIG: Y3Fe5O12) ferrite powders were obtained by the Pechini method from metal nitrates, citric acid and ethylene glycol followed by thermal annealing at Tan = 900°C, 1000°C, 1100°C and 1200°C. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy were used to study the structural and vibrational properties of YIG powders. Raman spectra of powders showed the same set of bands as the bulk YIG, but they are broadened due to spatial confinement of phonons. Magnetic properties were measured by vibrant sample magnetometer (VSM), founding that magnetic properties are strongly dependent on Tann; in particular the magnetization increases and reaches the bulk value of 27.7 emu/g at T = 1000°C.