bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Patient with an Unusual Circulating Anticoagulant
Authors: Biggs Rosemary , Denson K. W. E , Nossel H. L 
Published: June 2018

SummaryThe investigation of a patient with an inhibitor which destroyed factor VIII is described. The inhibitor was active at high dilution but inactivated only 70–80 per cent of added factor VIII if tested by a two-stage assay method. Using a one-stage method 90–95 per cent of the activity disappeared. Thus, according to the method used, 5–30 per cent of factor VIII remained in the patient’s plasma. No other type of inhibitor was detected, yet the whole blood clotting time was prolonged and experience with haemophilic patients suggests that factor VIII levels between 5 and 30 per cent of normal should be accompanied by normal clotting time.
Studien über Gewebethromboplastin.
Authors: Deutsch E , Irsigler K , Lomoschitz H 
Published: June 2018

ZusammenfassungGewebethromboplastin aus grauer Substanz von Menschenhirn wurde an der Ultrazentrifuge gereinigt und dann einer chemischen Analyse unterzogen. Neben einem Lipoidanteil konnte ein Nichtlipoidanteil als wesentlicher Bestandteil des G.T. festgestellt werden. Die einzelnen Komponenten des Lipoid-anteiles wurden durch dünnschichtchromatographische Analyse näher identifiziert: Cholesterin, Cerebroside, Phospholipoide und Ganglioside. Die Hydrolyse des Nichtlipoidanteiles ergab 15 Aminosäuren, er besteht vorwiegend aus Proteinmaterial. Funktionell werden die lipoiden Aktivatoren von den Gewebe-thromboplastinen abgegrenzt. Der Lipoidanteil des Menschenhirn-G. T. verhält sich wie ein lipoider Aktivator, der Proteinanteil allein ist in der Gerinnung inaktiv. Nach Rekombination der beiden Teile in Pyridin konnte wieder volle G.T.-Aktivität nachgewiesen werden. Die Notwendigkeit der Lipoproteinstruktur für die hohe Wirksamkeit von G.T. in der Blutgerinnung wird betont und das Zusammenwirken von exogenem und endogenem Gerinnungs-system disuktiert.
Thrombogenic Properties of Surface Factor; Evidence for an Anti-Surface Factor Activity in Canine Plasma.
Authors: Iatridis Sotirios G. , Ferguson John H. , Iatridis Panayotis G. , Mauldin Ronald 
Published: June 2018

SummaryPurified surface factor (SF or activation product) was prepared from canine plasma and its effect was studied on 22 dogs. It was shown that intravenous injection of SF increased the coagulability of the circulating blood (in vitro tests) and induced thrombosis in areas of vascular stasis (in vivo assay). The hypercoagulability was associated with the injected SF preparation and with no other known clotting factor increase. A second injection performed 61 minutes after the first was less effective. The survival period of injected SF seemed to be relatively short. This might be attributable, in part, to an inhibitory mechanism acting against SF (anti-SF) in plasma. Experimental evidence of the existence of such an inhibitor and its “progressive” mode of action is provided. Anti-SF has a variable titer normally, but appears to increase after the intravenous SF injection in dogs.
Toxicity of Heparinoids, with Special Reference to the Precipitation of Fibrinogen
Authors: Sasaki S , Takemoto T , Oka S 
Published: June 2018

SummaryTo demonstrate whether the intravascular precipitation of fibrinogen is responsible for the toxicity of heparinoid, the relation between the toxicity of heparinoid in vivo and the precipitation of fibrinogen in vitro was investigated, using dextran sulfate of various molecular weights and various heparinoids.1. There are close relationships between the molecular weight of dextran sulfate, its toxicity, and the quantity of fibrinogen precipitated.2. The close relationship between the toxicity and the precipitation of fibrinogen found for dextran sulfate holds good for other heparinoids regardless of their molecular structures.3. Histological findings suggest strongly that the pathological changes produced with dextran sulfate are caused primarily by the intravascular precipitates with occlusion of the capillaries.From these facts, it is concluded that the precipitates of fibrinogen with heparinoid may be the cause or at least the major cause of the toxicity of heparinoid.4. The most suitable molecular weight of dextran sulfate for clinical use was found to be 5,300 ~ 6,700, from the maximum value of the product (LD50 · Anticoagulant activity). This product (LD50 · Anticoagulant activity) can be employed generally to assess the comparative merits of various heparinoids.5. Clinical use of the dextran sulfate prepared on this basis gave satisfactory results. No severe reaction was observed. However, two delayed reactions, alopecia and thrombocytopenia, were observed. These two reactions seem to come from the cause other than intravascular precipitation.
The Rôle of Human Platelets and Plasma in the Metabolism of Adenosine Diphosphate and Monophosphate Added In Vitro
Authors: Kerby G. P , Taylor S. M 
Published: June 2018

SummaryWhen exogenous adenosine monophosphate (AMP) and diphosphate (ADP) were added to sonicated platelet-rich human blood plasma in AMP-ADP ratio approximating that normally present in platelets, a ratio close to 1.0 was consistently established within 20 to 60 minutes of incubation at 37° C. This resulted both from progressive disappearance of ADP and from initial augmentation followed by disappearance of AMP, the disappearance of ADP always being greater however than the disappearance of AMP so that the higher ratio was maintained.AMP appeared as ADP disappeared during the first 20 minutes of incubation. Platelet adenylate kinase, plasma 5-adenylic acid deaminase and nonspecific alkaline phosphatases appeared to be of particular importance in achieving the changing ratios of nucleotides.
Die Wirkung des Thrombins am Froschherzen
Authors: Markwardt F , Haustein K.-O , Nuernbergk W 
Published: June 2018

ZusammenfassungThrombin bewirkt am isolierten Froschherzen bereits in geringer Menge eine Steigerung der Kontraktionskraft. Die Wirkung ist an die Fermentaktivität des Thrombins geknüpft und wird durch spezifische Inhibitoren des Fermentes blockiert. Nach den vorgelegten Untersuchungsergebnissen kommt die Wirkung über eine Freisetzung positiv ino trop wirksamer Stoffe zustande.
Du rôle de la paroi vasculaire dans l’hémostase spontanée et la pathogénie des états hémorragiques
Authors: Roskam Jacques 
Published: June 2018

RésuméTrois ordres de faits découlent de la présente revue générale consacrée au rôle de la paroi vasculaire dans l’hémostase spontanée et dans la pathogénie des états hémorragiques, savoir :1. D’importantes tares sanguines, plasmatiques ou plaquettaires, peuvent n’entraîner aucun trouble de l’hémostase spontanée tant que la paroi des vaisseaux présente un comportement normal. Ce comportement est-il troublé, d’ailleurs de diverses façons, il permet aux tares sanguines de s’extérioriser— dans certains cas, à la faveur d’une hémodynamique circulatoire perturbée— par une prolongation, parfois extrême, des saignements.2. D’autre part, à la suite et, très probablement en raison d’une activation, d’origine immunologique, du système fibrinolytique du plasma, les parois vasculaires peuvent subir une fragilisation qui, en cas de thrombopénie associée, s’extériorisera par une éruption purpurique en apparence spontanée. Cette fragilisation semble bien correspondre à des lésions des vaisseaux analysables en microscopie électronique.3. Enfin, diverses observations cliniques et constatations expérimentales suggèrent des abords nouveaux du problème insuffisamment exploré jusqu’ici, de la participation des parois vasculaires au mécanisme de l’hémostase spontanée et à la pathogénie de ses troubles.
Primary Amenorrhea Associated with Hyperprolactinemia in Polyglandular Autoimmune Syndrome Type II: A Case Report
Authors: Cottas Luiza Tizziotti , Borges Maria de Fátima , Oliveira Lívia Prata Santos , Resende Ana Luísa Mantovani , Ataíde Meire Soares , Resende Elisabete Aparecida Mantovani Rodrigues 
Published: June 2018

AbstractPolyglandular autoimmune syndrome type II (PGA-II) is a rare immunoendocrinopathy syndrome characterized by the occurrence of autoimmune Addison disease along with diabetes mellitus type 1 and/or autoimmune thyroid disease. Here, we report the case of a 23-year-old female with PGA-II who was followed up at the dermatology and endocrinology clinics of the Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, located in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. First, the patient presented diffuse skin hyperpigmentation, vitiligo; and in sequence, due to vomiting, appetite and weight loss, hypoglycemia, amenorrhea, and galactorrhea, the patient was then diagnosed with PGA-II. The patient also presented intense hyperprolactinemia due to primary hypothyroidism. The late diagnosis of PGA-II is frequent because the disorder is uncommon and has non-specific clinical manifestations. This report emphasizes the significance of a timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment to reduce morbidity and mortality associated with these diseases, especially Addison disease. The present study reports a rare case of a patient with PGA-II with primary amenorrhea associated with hyperprolactinemia.
Intravascular Coagulation and Fibrinolysis by Stapliylocoagiilase. Comparison with Thrombin
Authors: Jeljaszewicz J , Niewiarowski S , Poplawski A , Prokopowicz J , Worowski K 
Published: June 2018

SummaryIntravascular clotting in rabbits after intravenous injection of 30 N.I.H. units of thrombin/kg and 5/mg/kg of staphylocoagulase were studied. Following determinations were made : clotting time, thrombin time, fibrinogen, factors V, VII, VIII, X, XI and XII, “true prothrombin”, two stage prothrombin, P-P test, prothrombin consumption, fibrinolysis in serum euglobulins, plasminogen, antithrombin III and VI, and coagulase reacting factor. Intravenous staphylocoagulase produced in rabbits precipitous drop of fibrinogen level in a very short time, which was not observed with the dose of thrombin used. Activity of staphylocoagulase in vivo was very much higher than of thrombin, as it could be expected on basis of the in vitro comparison. Together with defibrination caused by staphylocoagulase, fibrinogen breakdown products, identified as antithrombin VI, appear in plasma. There were no such changes observed when thrombin was used. Slight decrease of prothrombin and antithrombin III levels, together with a lack of significant changes in factors V, VII, VIII, X, XI and XII content, were observed after staphylocoagulase injection. Slight increase of CRF content in staphylo co agulase clotted plasma was noted. Fibrinolytic system was not activated during clotting process caused by staphylo-coagulase. Significance of the data obtained is discussed.
The Effect of Various Enzymes on the Ultrastructure, Aggregation, and Clot Retraction Ability of Rabbit Blood Platelets
Authors: Hovig Torstein 
Published: June 2018

SummaryThe effect of various enzymes on rabbit blood platelets was studied with the following results :1. The proteolytic enzymes trypsin and papain destroyed the ability of the platelets to aggregate with (1) ADP and (2) suspensions of collagen particles. The aggregation ability was not restored by incubation of the platelets in plasma. The platelets treated with these enzymes did not adhere to tendon tissue in vitro.
2. The clot retraction activity of the platelets treated with trypsin and papain was decreased. This effect was especially pronounced with the trypsinized platelets.3. In about 20% of the trypsinized platelets intracellular membrane systems appeared. Trypsin did not cause marked loss of platelet organelles and no obvious effect on the boundary membrane could be detected with the electron microscopical technique.4. No effect of hyaluronidase on the platelets could be found.5. Whereas no effect of lipase from wheat germ could be detected, phospho-lipase A caused pronounced ultrastructural changes within the platelets and the structure of the boundary membrane was altered. Corresponding to these findings release of substances from the platelets was observed by spectrophotometry (with absorption maximum at 260 ιημ) and release of ADP was demonstrated by a specific enzymatic test.6. Platelets treated with neuraminidase aggregated spontaneously when resuspended in citrated plasma or EDTA-plasma. This effect was probably not due to released ADP. It is concluded that besides protein, neuraminic acid (linked to protein) may be of fundamental importance for the aggregation properties of blood platelets.
Mit verschiedenen Konservierungsmitteln hergestellte Thrombozytensuspensionen
Authors: Dóczy Ágnes 
Published: June 2018

ZusammenfassungDie Verfasser haben durch Adsorptionsverfahren und durch Anwendung verschiedener Konservierungsmittel eine im Prinzip neue Methode für die Herstellung einer sterilen Thrombozytensuspension ausgearbeitet, die nach den bisherigen Untersuchungen bis 28 Tage lagerungsfähig ist.1. Die Suspension wurde bei + 4° C in Nipagin-M-Nipasol-Lösung konserviert.2. Das konservierte Präparat wurde vor Gebrauch in lyophilisiertem, anti-hämophilem Plasma resuspendiert.3. Die resuspendierten Thrombozyten zeigten 4-5 Stunden nach Resuspen-sion Faktoraktivität s werte, die denen von frischen Platt chen entsprachen.4. Die adäquate Aktivität des Präparates wurde durch Thrombelastographie und durch funktionelle Unter su chungen der Blutplättchen bewiesen.
Some Observations on the Viscosity of Pathological Human Blood Plasma
Authors: Dintenfass L 
Published: June 2018

SummaryViscosities of blood plasma obtained from patients suffering from leukaemia, macroglobulinaemia, polycythaemia, spherocytosis, haemophilia and myelofibrosis has been studied by means of a rotational cone-in-cone viscometer. The data obtained is not intended to characterize the specific diseases. The aim is to show that a great range of viscosities may be found in various samples of human blood plasma and that the pathological plasma may show non-Newtonian and thixotropic flow characteristics.It is suggested that determination of plasma viscosities, over a range of rates of shear, might contribute to our understanding of some problems of blood circulation and might be beneficial in more correct evaluation of the erythrocyte sedimentation tests.
Inherited Antithrombin Deficiency Causing Thrombophilia
Authors: Egeberg O 
Published: June 2018

SummaryBlood coagulation systems were studied in members of a family with remarkably high incidence of thrombo - embolic diseases. Thrombotic episodes most often occurred as deep venous thrombosis in the legs, with the first attack at the age of 10-25 years.Pro coagulant factor activities were found within normal variation ranges.Plasma antithrombin III (progressive antithrombin) activity was abnormally low in members with history of thrombosis and in some of their children, with an average level of about 50 per cent of normal.Heparin resistance measured with plasma heparin thrombin time was increased in members with low antithrombin III, and plasma heparin cofactor activity was decreased.The results strongly support the explanation that antithrombin III and heparin cofactor are one and the same plasma substance, and that deficiency of this antithrombin can cause a severe tendency to thrombosis.The antithrombin deficiency seems to be inherited as an autosomal dominant trait.
Vergleich der Response gegenüber aktiviertem Protein C in unterschiedlichen Testsystemen mit dem Ergebnis der Faktor-V-Genotypisierung
Authors: Gehrisch S. , Runge E. , Schwarz Th. , Schimmanck S. , Schellong S. , Lüthke K. , Naumann R. , Knöfler R. , Siegert G. 
Published: June 2018

ZusammenfassungBei 157 Patienten und 14 Familienangehörigen wurde die Response gegenüber aktiviertem Protein C (APC) in drei unterschiedlichen Tests bestimmt und mit dem Ergebnis der Genotypisierung verglichen. Die Ermittlung der laboreigenen Referenzwerte erfolgte aus Plasmaproben von 96 anamnestisch gesunden Probanden mit normalem Genotyp. Zur Bestimmung der APC-Response wurden folgende Testsysteme eingesetzt: Test Immunochrom® APC-Response, Coatest® APC™ Resistance und Coatest® APC™ Resistance mit einer Verdünnung des Plasmas mit Faktor-V-Mangelplasma. Die Testmodifikation mit Verdünnung des Patientenplasmas mit Faktor-V-Mangelplasma erbrachte mit Ausnahme von Patienten unter Vollheparinisierung eine gute Trennung zwischen Wildtyp und Faktor-V-Mutation. Dieser Test reduziert jedoch offensichtlich die Aussage auf die Faktor-V-Mutation. Der Test Immunochrom® APC-Response zeigte unabhängig von einer Antikoagulation eine gute Übereinstimmung mit dem Ergebnis der Genotypisierung. Obwohl ein großer Teil der APC-Resistenz assoziiert ist mit einer Mutation im Faktor-V-Gen (Leiden-Mutation) sind beide Begriffe nicht synonym. Pathologische Ratios bei Patienten mit einem Wildtyp unterstreichen die Notwendigkeit zur Bestimmung der funktionellen Response und des Genotypes, ihre Ursache bedarf weiterer Abklärung.
Self-Monitoring of Prothrombin Time Using a Portable Coagulation Monitor
Authors: Kulinna W. , Heene D. L. , Harenberg J. 
Published: June 2018

SummaryThe CoaguChek® is a portable coagulation monitor, which uses disposable cartridges containing a lyophilized rabbit brain thromboplastin to measure the prothrombin time (PT) from capillary whole blood. Own studies in patients have demonstrated an improved quality of life after an 6 months experience with self-determination as well as an increase of the within-therapeutic range of measured INR values. The use of a portable monitor as the primary method for measuring the INR can be recommended in selected patients receiving long-term anticoagulant treatment.
Messung von Heparin-induzierten IgG-Antikörpern mittels »Fluorescence-Linked Immunofiltration Assay« (FLIFA) bei Heparin-induzierter Thrombozytopenie Typ II
Authors: Hoffmann Ursula , Huhle G. , Wang L. C. , Song X. H. , Harenberg J. 
Published: June 2018

ZusammenfassungDie Heparin-induzierte Thrombozytopenie ist eine seltenere, jedoch schwere Nebenwirkung der Heparintherapie. Heparin-induzierter IgG-Antikörper wurde als Haupt-Isotyp und hauptsächlicher pathogener Antikörper bei der Pathophysiolgie abgeklärt. Da die Patienten ein hohes Risiko für die Entwicklung thrombotischer Ereignisse aufweisen, ist es wichtig und wünschenswert, die klinische Diagnose zu bestätigen und eine Heparin-Reexposition zu vermeiden. Zur Bestimmung von Heparin-induziertem IgG bei Patienten mit Heparin-induzierter Thrombozytopenie (HIT) Typ II wurde ein »Fluorescence-Iinked immunofiltration assay« (FLIFA) entwickelt. Anhand dieses Neoantigen-Assays läßt sich eine hohe Frequenz von Heparin-induziertem IgG bei HIT Typ II nachweisen. Die sofortige Bestimmung von pathogenem, Heparin-induziertem IgG kann ein nützliches Verfahren zur raschen Diagnose einer HIT Typ II sein, das die weitere Behandlung der Patienten erleichtern könnte.
Ex vivo/In vitro Interaction between ASA, Clopidogrel and GPIIb/IIIa-Inhibitors
Authors: Kirchmaier C. M. , Westrup Dagmar , Graff J. , Mahnel R. , Breddin H. K. , Harder S. , Klinkhardt Ute 
Published: June 2018

SummaryWe report on an in vivo interaction study between aspirin (ASA) and Clopidogrel in healthy male volunteers and on an in-vitro interaction of abciximab and the peptidomimetic GPIIb/IIIa-inhibitor SR121566A with blood from subjects of the in vivo-study. Ten healthy male volunteers were randomly assigned to two groups (N = 5). Group 1 started with ASA and group 2 with Clopidogrel. From day 4 to 8 subjects of both groups received combined treatment with ASA and Clopidogrel. Blood from volunteers was spiked with abciximab or SR121566A. Inhibitory effects of ASA and Clopidogrel on collagen- or ADP-induced platelet aggregation were not enhanced by the combination of both drugs. TRAP-induced fibrinogen binding was reduced under ASA to 69% (n.s.), and to 63% under Clopidogrel or Clopidogrel + ASA. CD62-expression was reduced to 66% by Clopidogrel (p <0.01 ), whereas ASA had no effect. A further significant reduction to 41 % (difference to clopidogrel/ASA alone p <0.01), was seen under combined treatment (day 8). ASA and Clopidogrel increased the effects of the GPIIb/IIIa-inhibitors on collagen (2 pg/ml)- and ADP (5 pM)-induced aggregation. Under treatment with ASA and Clopidogrel inhibitory effects of GPIIb/IIIa-inhibitors on fibrinogen binding were additive to changes seen with ASA/clopidogrel alone. No additional effect on CD62 was seen with either GPIIb/IIIa-inhibitor.
Zur Beurteilung der kollageninduzierten Aggregation unter dem Einfluß von GPIIb/IIIa-Hemmern
Authors: Brocks J. O. 
Published: June 2018

ZusammenfassungIm Rahmen einer Studie mit einem Antikörper gegen GPIIb/llla-Rezeptoren (YM337 von Yamanouchi) an gesunden Versuchspersonen erfolgten auch Untersuchungen der kollageninduzierten Thrombozytenaggregation (Endkonzentration 5 Mg/ml). Im Gegensatz zur ADP-induzierten Plättchenaggregation war die kollageninduzierte Aggregation nur gering gehemmt, wenn die Hemmung in Prozent der Maximalamplitude ausgedrückt wurde. Abciximab wirkte schwächer hemmend als YM337. Wurde dagegen die Zeit zwischen Zugabe des Kollagenreagenz und Beginn der Aggregation (Tr-Zeit) ausgemessen, so fand sich eine signifikante Verlängerung der Tr-Zeit unter Abciximab, während die Verlängerung der Tr-Zeit unter YM337 nur gering war. Es bleibt offen, welcher Parameter der Aggregationsmessung mit der thrombosehemmenden Wirkung von GPIIb/IIIa-Hemmern besser korreliert ist.
Surgical Treatment of Intestinal Endometriosis: Outcomes of Three Different Techniques
Authors: Bray-Beraldo Fernando , Pereira Ana Maria Gomes , Gazzo Cláudia , Santos Marcelo Protásio , Lopes Reginaldo Guedes Coelho 
Published: June 2018

Objective To outline the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with deep intestinal endometriosis submitted to surgical treatment at a tertiary referral center with a multidisciplinary team, and correlate those characteristics with the surgical procedures performed and operative complications.
Methods A prospective cohort from February 2012 to November 2016 of 32 women with deep intestinal endometriosis operations. The variables analyzed were: age; obesity; preoperative symptoms (dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, acyclic pain, dyschezia, infertility, urinary symptoms, constipation and intestinal bleeding); previous surgery for endometriosis; Enzian classification; size of the intestinal lesion; and surgical complications.
Results The mean age was 37.75 (±5.72) years. A total of 7 patients (22%) had a prior history of endometriosis. The mean of the largest diameter of the intestinal lesions identified intraoperatively was of 28.12 mm (±14.29 mm). In the Enzian classification, there was a predominance of lesions of the rectum and sigmoid, comprising 30 cases (94%). There were no statistically significant associations between the predictor variables and the outcome complications, even after the multiple logistic regression analysis. Regarding the size of the lesion, there was also no significant correlation with the outcome complications (p = 0.18; 95% confidence interval [95%CI]:0.94–1.44); however, there was a positive association between grade 3 of the Enzia classification and the more extensive surgical techniques: segmental intestinal resection and rectosigmoidectomy, with a prevalence risk of 4.4 (p < 0.001; 95%CI:1.60–12.09).
Conclusion The studied sample consisted of highly symptomatic women. A high prevalence of deep infiltrative endometriosis lesions was found located in the rectum and sigmoid region, and their size correlated directly with the extent of the surgical resection performed.