bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antitumor and antiangiogenic activity of the novel chimeric inhibitor animacroxam in testicular germ cell cancer
Authors: Steinemann Gustav , Dittmer Alexandra , Schmidt Jacob , Josuttis David , Fähling Michael , Biersack Bernhard , Beindorff Nicola , Jolante Koziolek Eva , Schobert Rainer , Brenner Winfried , Müller Thomas , Nitzsche Bianca , Höpfner Michael 
Published: October 2019

Chimeric inhibitors, which merge two drug pharmacophores in a single molecule have become a prominent approach for the design of novel anticancer compounds. Here, we examined animacroxam, which combines histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitory and cytoskeleton‐interfering pharmacophores, in testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT). The effectiveness of animacroxam was compared to that of the commonly applied chemotherapeutic cisplatin as well as the clinically approved HDAC inhibitor vorinostat. The antineoplastic and antiangiogenic effects of animacroxam on TGCT in vivo were assessed through exploratory animal studies and a modified chorioallantoic membrane assay, revealing that animacroxam has significant antitumor activity in TGCT. A novel positron emission tomography/MR‐imaging approach was applied to determine tumor volume and glucose [2‐fluoro‐2‐deoxy‐d‐glucose (18F‐FDG)] uptake in TGCT tumors, revealing reduced glucose uptake in animacroxam‐treated TGCTs and showing a dose‐dependent suppression of glycolytic enzymes, which led to a breakdown in glycolytic energy production. Furthermore, the observed antiangiogenic effects of animacroxam were related to its ability to inhibit endothelial cell–cell communication, as the expression of gap junction‐forming connexin 43 was strongly suppressed, and gap‐junctional intercellular mass transport was reduced. Our data suggest that the chimeric HDAC inhibitor animacroxam may become a promising candidate for the treatment of solid cancers and may serve as an interesting alternative to platinum‐based therapies.
Advanced AAO Templating of Nanostructured Stimuli‐Responsive Polymers: Hype or Hope?
Authors: Rath Amrita , Theato Patrick 
Published: October 2019

AbstractNanostructures play a significant role in introducing distinctive functionality to materials. A synergistic combination of nanofabrication techniques with material properties holds great promise in creating smart biomimetic structures. An advanced preparation technique to fabricate complex and sophisticated hierarchical polymeric nanostructure templates via anodized alumina oxide membranes is highlighted. Moreover, nanostructures made of responsive polymers activated by environmental stimuli offer a huge potential in a wide range of applications by enhancing their responsiveness. The current state of research on novel nanostructures fabrication by integrating anodic aluminum oxide with stimuli‐responsive polymers is presented, with an emphasis on the underlying actuation mechanism in terms of application. Furthermore, the potential direction for future research is discussed.
Enhanced Variable Stiffness and Variable Stretchability Enabled by Phase‐Changing Particulate Additives
Authors: Buckner Trevor L. , Yuen Michelle C. , Kim Sang Yup , Kramer‐Bottiglio Rebecca 
Published: October 2019

AbstractA novel phase‐changing particulate that amplifies a composite's modulus change in response to thermal stimulus is introduced. This particulate additive consists of a low melting point alloy (Field's metal; FM) formed into microparticles using a facile fabrication method, which enables its incorporation into polymer matrices using simple composite manufacturing processes. The effect of the solid–liquid phase change of the FM particles is demonstrated in two host materials: a thermally responsive epoxy and a silicone elastomer. In the epoxy matrix, this thermal response manifests as an amplified change in flexural modulus when heated, which is highly desirable for stiffness‐changing move‐and‐hold applications. In the silicone matrix, the stretchability can be switched depending on the phase of the FM particles. This phenomenon allows the silicone to stretch and hold a strained configuration, and gives rise to mechanically programmable anisotropy through reshaping of the FM inclusions. FM particles present many opportunities where on‐demand tunable modulus is required, and is particularly relevant to soft robotics. Because the melting temperature of FM is near room temperature, triggering the phase change requires low power consumption. The utility of FM particle‐containing composites as variable stiffness and variable stretchability elements for soft robotic applications is demonstrated.
Engineering the Thermal Conductivity of Functional Phase‐Change Materials for Heat Energy Conversion, Storage, and Utilization
Authors: Yuan Kunjie , Shi Jinming , Aftab Waseem , Qin Mulin , Usman Ali , Zhou Fang , Lv Yang , Gao Shan , Zou Ruqiang 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThermal energy storage technologies based on phase‐change materials (PCMs) have received tremendous attention in recent years. These materials are capable of reversibly storing large amounts of thermal energy during the isothermal phase transition and offer enormous potential in the development of state‐of‐the‐art renewable energy infrastructure. Thermal conductivity plays a vital role in regulating the thermal charging and discharging rate of PCMs and improving the heat‐utilization efficiency. The strategies for tuning the thermal conductivity of PCMs and their potential energy applications, such as thermal energy harvesting and storage, thermal management of batteries, thermal diodes, and other forms of energy utilization, are summarized systematically. Furthermore, a research perspective is given to highlight emerging research directions of engineering advanced functional PCMs for energy applications.
Polyacrylonitrile Interactions with Carbon Nanotubes in Solution: Conformations and Binding as a Function of Solvent, Temperature, and Concentration
Authors: Pramanik Chandrani , Jamil Tariq , Gissinger Jacob R. , Guittet Darice , Arias‐Monje Pedro J. , Kumar Satish , Heinz Hendrik 
Published: October 2019

AbstractPolyacrylonitrile (PAN) is among the most promising precursor polymers to produce strong and lightweight carbon fiber. Conformations in solution and the extent of binding to carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are critical during gel spinning and for alignment of graphitic layers upon carbonization. Here, quantitative insights into these processes are reported using molecular dynamics simulations at the atomic scale including virtual π electrons and comparisons to experimental data. Common solvents for fiber spinning induce significant differences in PAN conformation in dilute solutions at 25 °C with persistence lengths between 0.5 and 2 nm. Variations in conformation become smaller at 75 °C, in the presence of CNTs, and at higher PAN concentration. “Aging” of PAN conformations in dimethylformamide and dimethylsulfoxide at higher temperature is explained and a correlation between extended polymer conformations and increased binding to CNTs is identified in dilute solutions. PAN is overall barely attracted to CNTs under common solution conditions and enters significant surface contact only at higher concentration as solvent is physically removed. The impact of temperature is small, whereby binding increases at lower temperatures. The results provide guidance to control interactions of polymers with CNTs to induce distinct conformations and specific binding at the early stages of assembly.
Realizing a Rechargeable High‐Performance Cu–Zn Battery by Adjusting the Solubility of Cu2+
Authors: Zhu Qiancheng , Cheng Mingyu , Zhang Bowen , Jin Kai , Chen Shuo , Ren Zhifeng , Yu Ying 
Published: October 2019

AbstractRechargeable aqueous Zn‐based batteries show great potential for energy storage systems due to their good reliability, low cost, environmental friendliness, etc. However, the capacity of the most studied Mn‐, V‐, and Prussian blue analog‐based Zn‐ion batteries (the type with Zn2+ insertion) and the other type Zn‐based batteries without Zn2+ insertion (such as metal Ag and Ni or Co oxides/hydroxides) does not exceed 400 mAh g−1. Cu is a promising cathode with a high theoretical capacity of 844 mAh g−1 based on its unique two‐electron transfer process (Cu0 ↔ Cu2+), but Cu–Zn batteries have been impractical to recharge since they was invented by Daniell in 1836. By adjusting the solubility of Cu2+ in an alkaline solution, a rechargeable high‐performance Cu–Zn battery is achieved. A high specific capacity of 718 mAh g−1 is obtained for the prepared Cu clusters. Moreover, commercial Cu foil is explored for direct use as the cathode material and shows high capacity and stability through a simple self‐activation process. This rechargeable Cu–Zn battery is attractive for application due to its high capacity, simple synthesis method, environmental friendliness, and low cost.
3D Solar‐Blind Ga2O3 Photodetector Array Realized Via Origami Method
Authors: Chen Yancheng , Lu Yingjie , Liao Meiyong , Tian Yongzhi , Liu Qian , Gao Chaojun , Yang Xun , Shan Chongxin 
Published: October 2019

AbstractA 3D solar‐blind photodetector array is realized from amorphous Ga2O3 films grown on polyethylene terephthalate substrates via an origami route. The photodetector cells exhibit a dark current of 0.17 nA, and the peak responsivity is about 8.9 A W−1 at 250 nm with a quantum efficiency of 4450%. The photodetector shows a distinct cut‐off wavelength at 268 nm with a solar‐blind ratio of more than two orders of magnitude (photocurrent ratio between 250 nm/300 nm). The photodetector cells reveal excellent electrical stability after thousands of bending cycles. All the photodetector cells of the 3D photodetector array have a highly consistent performance. In addition, the device can execute the functions of capturing a real‐time light trajectory and identifying multipoint light spatial distribution, which cannot be achieved in all the previously reported 2D solar‐blind photodetectors. The results suggest new pathways to fabricate 3D photodetectors from conventional semiconductor films, which may find potential applications in optical positioning, tracking, imaging and communications, etc.
Nanoparticle Doped PEDOT for Enhanced Electrode Coatings and Drug Delivery
Authors: Woeppel Kevin M. , Zheng Xin Sally , Schulte Zachary M. , Rosi Nathaniel L. , Cui Xinyan Tracy 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn order to address material limitations of biologically interfacing electrodes, modified silica nanoparticles are utilized as dopants for conducting polymers. Silica precursors are selected to form a thiol modified particle (TNP), following which the particles are oxidized to sulfonate modified nanoparticles (SNPs). The selective inclusion of hexadecyl trimethylammonium bromide allows for synthesis of both porous and nonporous SNPs. Nonporous nanoparticle doped polyethylenedioxythiophene (PEDOT) films possess low interfacial impedance, high charge injection (4.8 mC cm−2), and improved stability under stimulation compared to PEDOT/poly(styrenesulfonate). Porous SNP dopants can serve as drug reservoirs and greatly enhance the capability of conducting polymer‐based, electrically controlled drug release technology. Using the SNP dopants, drug loading and release is increased up to 16.8 times, in addition to greatly expanding the range of drug candidates to include both cationic and electroactive compounds, all while maintaining their bioactivity. Finally, the PEDOT/SNP composite is capable of precisely modulating neural activity in vivo by timed release of a glutamate receptor antagonist from coated microelectrode sites. Together, this work demonstrates the feasibility and potential of doping conducting polymers with engineered nanoparticles, creating countless options to produce composite materials for enhanced electrical stimulation, neural recording, chemical sensing, and on demand drug delivery.
Rational Design of Rapidly Separating Dissolving Microneedles for Precise Drug Delivery by Balancing the Mechanical Performance and Disintegration Rate
Authors: Hou Ailin , Quan Guilan , Yang Beibei , Lu Chao , Chen Minglong , Yang Dan , Wang Lili , Liu Hu , Pan Xin , Wu Chuanbin 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe precise delivery of traditional dissolving microneedles (TDMNs) is often limited by the incomplete insertion due to the skin deformation, and the topical irritation is inevitable after long application, which ultimately results in compromised therapeutic efficacy. The aim of this study is to develop a rapidly separating dissolving microneedles (RSDMNs) system to achieve precise drug delivery. Therapeutic molecules are concentrated in the needle tip, while the blank separating part allows it to counteract skin indentation and rapidly separate from the base part. For rational design of an ideal separating part, and the molecular interactions between polymer and sugar are explored to make a good balance between mechanical performance and disintegration rate. The optimal RSDMNs can rapidly disintegrate in the mimic skin within 30 s, and the generated micropores in the skin reseal quickly. The ex vivo drug permeation of RSDMNs is significantly higher than that of TDMNs due to the complete needle imbed aided by the separating part. Furthermore, RSDMNs exhibit excellent in vivo anti‐inflammation effect by remarkably down regulating the expression of TNF‐α, IL‐1β, and IL‐6. In conclusion, the RSDMNs can reach precise drug delivery in a short time, which are more reliable for the self‐administration strategy in the future.
All‐Inorganic CsCu2I3 Single Crystal with High‐PLQY (≈15.7%) Intrinsic White‐Light Emission via Strongly Localized 1D Excitonic Recombination
Authors: Lin Richeng , Guo Quanlin , Zhu Qun , Zhu Yanming , Zheng Wei , Huang Feng 
Published: October 2019

AbstractEnergy‐saving white lighting from the efficient intrinsic emission of semiconductors is considered as a next‐generation lighting source. Currently, white‐light emission can be composited with a blue light‐emitting diode and yellow phosphor. However, this solution has an inevitable light loss, which makes the improvement of the energy utilization efficiency more difficult. To deal with this problem, intrinsic white‐light emission (IWE) in a single solid material gives a possibility. Here, an all‐inorganic lead‐free CsCu2I3 perovskite single crystal (SC) with stable and high photoluminescence quantum yield (≈15.7%) IWE through strongly localized 1D exciton recombination is synthesized. In the CsCu2I3, the Cu–I octahedron, which provides most of electron states, is isolated by Cs atoms in two directions to form a 1D electronic structure, resulting a high radiation recombination rate of excitons. With this electronic structure design, the CsCu2I3 SCs have great potential in energy‐saving white lighting.
Transition‐Metal‐Free Alkylation/Arylation of Benzoxazole via Tf2O‐Activated‐Amide
Authors: Niu Zhi‐Jie , Li Lian‐Hua , Liu Xue‐Yuan , Liang Yong‐Min 
Published: October 2019

AbstractA transition‐metal‐free approach to the alkylation/arylation of benzoxazole was developed by employing Tf2O‐activated‐amide as the alkylating/arylating reagent. The mild reaction conditions, and particularly insensitivity to air and water, further enhance the synthetic potential in pharmaceutical synthesis.magnified image
Keratin Film as Natural and Eco‐Friendly Support for Organic Optoelectronic Devices
Authors: Posati Tamara , Aluigi Annalisa , Donnadio Anna , Sotgiu Giovanna , Mosconi Michele , Muccini Michele , Ruani Giampiero , Zamboni Roberto , Seri Mirko 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis work describes the preparation of a novel substrate based on keratin extracted from wool and its application as potential support for solution‐processed organic solar cells. Optically transparent, free‐standing, and resistant keratin films are successfully prepared, starting from water solution, and characterized in terms of morphology, structure, thermal and mechanical properties. The effect of solvents and thermal annealing is also investigated in order to mimic and evaluate the impact of the processing conditions used for devices fabrication. Thermally annealed keratin films exhibit enhanced optical transparency (>87%) in the visible region of the spectrum, a transition from α‐helix to β‐sheet and turn structures, improved thermal stability and Young's modulus. The good transparency, flatness, and resistance of as‐cast substrates allow the successful preparation of organic solar cells. Photovoltaic performances similar to those reported for other natural/biobased supports are achieved, confirming the potential of keratin film as an alternative and promising support material for eco‐friendly, fully printable, sustainable, and inexpensive optoelectronic devices.
A Drug‐Eluting 3D‐Printed Mesh (GlioMesh) for Management of Glioblastoma
Authors: Hosseinzadeh Reihaneh , Mirani Bahram , Pagan Erik , Mirzaaghaei Somayeh , Nasimian Ahmad , Kawalec Philip , da Silva Rosa Simone C. , Hamdi David , Fernandez Nahiane Pipaon , Toyota Brian D. , Gordon Joseph W , Ghavami Saeid , Akbari Mohsen 
Published: October 2019

AbstractCurrent treatment strategies for Glioblastoma (GBM)—including surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy with oral administration of temozolomide (TMZ)—still lead to poor survival rates, making the development of more effective therapeutic methods an urgent need. This study presents a new approach for the treatment of GBM patients using a 3D‐printed hydrogel‐based mesh (GlioMesh), loaded with TMZ‐releasing microparticles, that is capable of delivering TMZ over several weeks at the tumor site. Given the challenges associated with loading the amphiphilic TMZ in polymeric substrates, a novel encapsulation strategy is developed using an oil‐in‐oil emulsion method that improves the encapsulation efficiencies of TMZ in poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) (PLGA) from <7% to about 61%. The cytotoxic effects of GlioMesh on GBM cells are evaluated in vitro by investigating the resultant levels of DNA break, autophagic activity, and mitochondrial damage. It is shown that GlioMesh produces significantly higher susceptibility to the drug in comparison with free TMZ by maintaining the level of autophagic activity and inducing larger degrees of mitochondrial damage. Sustained delivery of TMZ holds promise for suppressing chemoresistance to TMZ that is normally developed in GBM cells in systemic administration of the drug due to the induction of autophagy.
Toward High Fidelity Materials Property Prediction from Multiscale Modeling and Simulation
Authors: Vassaux Maxime , Sinclair Robert C. , Richardson Robin A. , Suter James L. , Coveney Peter V. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe current approach to materials discovery and design remains dominated by experimental testing, frequently based on little more than trial and error. With the advent of ever more powerful computers, rapid, reliable, and reproducible computer simulations are beginning to represent a feasible alternative. As high performance computing reaches the exascale, exploiting the resources efficiently presents interesting challenges and opportunities. Multiscale modeling and simulation of materials are extremely promising candidates for exploiting these resources based on the assumption of a separation of scales in the architectures of nanomaterials. Examples of hierarchical and concurrent multiscale approaches are presented which benefit from the weak scaling of monolithic applications, thereby efficiently exploiting large scale computational resources. Several multiscale techniques, incorporating the electronic to the continuum scale, which can be applied to the efficient design of a range of nanocomposites, are discussed. Then the work on the development of a software toolkit designed to provide verification, validation, and uncertainty quantification to support actionable prediction from such calculations is discussed.
ADA2 deficiency in a patient with Noonan syndrome‐like disorder with loose anagen hair: The co‐occurrence of two rare syndromes
Authors: Akgun‐Dogan Ozlem , Simsek‐Kiper Pelin O. , Taskiran Ekim , Lissewski Christina , Brinkmann Julia , Schanze Denny , Göçmen Rahşan , Cagdas Deniz , Bilginer Yelda , Utine Gülen E. , Zenker Martin , Ozen Seza , Tezcan İlhan , Alikasifoglu Mehmet , Boduroğlu Koray 
Published: October 2019

AbstractNoonan syndrome‐like disorder with loose anagen hair (NS/LAH) is one of the RASopathies, a group of clinically related developmental disorders caused by germline mutations in genes that encode components acting in the RAS/MAPK pathway. Among RASopathies, NS/LAH (OMIM 607721) is an extremely rare, multiple anomaly syndrome characterized by dysmorphic facial features similar to those observed in Noonan syndrome along with some distinctive ectodermal findings including easily pluckable, sparse, thin, and slow‐growing hair. ADA2 deficiency (DADA2, OMIM 615688) is a monogenic autoinflammatory disorder caused by homozygous or compound heterozygous mutations in ADA2, with clinical features including recurrent fever, livedo racemosa, hepatosplenomegaly, and strokes as well as immune dysregulation. This is the first report of NS/LAH and ADA2 deficiency in the same individual. We report on a patient presenting with facial features, recurrent infections and ectodermal findings in whom both the clinical and molecular diagnoses of NS/LAH and ADA2 deficiency were established, respectively.
Genetics of resilience: Implications from genome‐wide association studies and candidate genes of the stress response system in posttraumatic stress disorder and depression
Authors: Maul Stephan , Giegling Ina , Fabbri Chiara , Corponi Filippo , Serretti Alessandro , Rujescu Dan 
Published: October 2019

AbstractResilience is the ability to cope with critical situations through the use of personal and socially mediated resources. Since a lack of resilience increases the risk of developing stress‐related psychiatric disorders such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and major depressive disorder (MDD), a better understanding of the biological background is of great value to provide better prevention and treatment options. Resilience is undeniably influenced by genetic factors, but very little is known about the exact underlying mechanisms. A recently published genome‐wide association study (GWAS) on resilience has identified three new susceptibility loci, DCLK2, KLHL36, and SLC15A5. Further interesting results can be found in association analyses of gene variants of the stress response system, which is closely related to resilience, and PTSD and MDD. Several promising genes, such as the COMT (catechol‐O‐methyltransferase) gene, the serotonin transporter gene (SLC6A4), and neuropeptide Y (NPY) suggest gene × environment interaction between genetic variants, childhood adversity, and the occurrence of PTSD and MDD, indicating an impact of these genes on resilience. GWAS on PTSD and MDD provide another approach to identifying new disease‐associated loci and, although the functional significance for disease development for most of these risk genes is still unknown, they are potential candidates due to the overlap of stress‐related psychiatric disorders and resilience. In the future, it will be important for genetic studies to focus more on resilience than on pathological phenotypes, to develop reasonable concepts for measuring resilience, and to establish international cooperations to generate sufficiently large samples.