bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oestradiol, threat conditioning and extinction, post‐traumatic stress disorder, and prolonged exposure therapy: A common link
Authors: Hammoud Mira Z. , Foa Edna B. , Milad Mohammed R. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe accumulating evidence regarding the impact of estradiol on learning and memory synergized studies to examine its influence on enhancing animal's ability to quell fear and anxiety. In this review, we first provide a foundational platform regarding the impact of oestradiol on cellular mechanisms of learning and memory and we review recent advances from rodent and human data showing that oestrogen enhances extinction learning across species. We then propose clinical application to these data. We discuss the potential role of oestradiol variance on the aetiology, maintenance and treatment for post‐traumatic stress disorder. Specifically, we argue that the use of oestradiol as an adjunct to prolonged exposure (PE) therapy for PTSD may provide a new treatment approach for enhancing the efficacy of PE in women with PTSD. This could advance our understanding of the mechanisms of PTSD and help tailor sex‐specific treatments for this disorder.
Successful treatment of severe acute respiratory distress syndrome due to Group A streptococcus induced toxic shock syndrome in the third trimester of pregnancy‐effectiveness of venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: A case report
Authors: Ichikawa Daisuke , Jwa Seung Chik , Seto Takeru , Tarumoto Norihito , Haga Yoshiyuki , Kohno Koji , Okagaki Ryugo , Ishihara Osamu , Kamei Yoshimasa 
Published: October 2019

AbstractWe report a case of Group A streptococcal infection‐induced toxic shock syndrome (GAS‐TSS) with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), successfully treated with venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V‐A ECMO). A 31‐year‐old woman was transferred due to high fever, continuous uterine contractions and fetal bradycardia at 31 weeks of gestation. She was in a shock status on arrival, and as fetal heart beat disappeared, we canceled the cesarean section and took priority in maternal rescue. At 21 h after the admission, pulseless ventricular tachycardia occurred, and V‐A ECMO was introduced after defibrillation, which dramatically improved her respiratory and circulatory conditions. On the 3rd day, GAS was isolated from blood culture. The patient was freed from V‐A ECMO on the 5th day and was discharged on the 25th day without permanent impairment. V‐A ECMO should be considered as an effective therapeutic option against ARDS and circulation failure in GAS‐TSS during pregnancy.
The brown bear as a translational model for sedentary lifestyle‐related diseases
Authors: Fröbert O. , Frøbert A. M. , Kindberg J. , Arnemo J. M. , Overgaard M. T. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractSedentary lifestyle accelerates biological ageing, is a major risk factor for developing metabolic syndrome and is associated with cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, kidney failure, sarcopenia and osteoporosis. In contrast to the linear path to worsening health in humans with metabolic syndrome, brown bears have developed a circular metabolic plasticity enabling these animals to tolerate obesity and a ‘sedentary lifestyle’ during hibernation and exit the den metabolically healthy in spring. Bears are close to humans physiology wise, much closer than rodents, the preferred experimental animals in medical research, and may better serve as translational model to develop treatments for lifestyle‐related diseases. In this review, aspects of brown bear hibernation survival strategies are outlined and conceivable experimental strategies to learn from bears are described.
Antileishmanial activity and ultrastructural changes of related tetrahydrofuran dineolignans isolated from Saururus cernuus L. (Saururaceae)
Authors: Brito Juliana R , Passero Luiz Felipe D , Bezerra-Souza Adriana , Laurenti Márcia D , Romoff Paulete , Barbosa Henrique , Ferreira Edgard A , Lago João Henrique G 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Objective
This work describes the isolation of anti-Leishmania amazonensis metabolites from Saururus cernuus (Saururaceae). Additionally, ultrastructural changes in promastigotes were evidenced by electron microscopy.

Methods
The MeOH extract from the leaves of S. cernuus was subjected to bioactivity-guided fractionation. Anti-L. amazonensis activity of purified compounds was performed in vitro against promastigote and amastigote forms.

Key findings
Bioactivity-guided fractionation of the MeOH extract from the leaves of S. cernuus afforded two related tetrahydrofuran dineolignans: threo,threo-manassantin A (1) and threo,erythro-manassantin A (2). Compounds 1 and 2 displayed activity against promastigotes (EC50 of 35.4 ± 7.7 and 17.6 ± 4.2 μm, respectively) and amastigotes (EC50 of 20.4 ± 1.9 and 16.0 ± 1.1 μm, respectively), superior to that determined for the positive control miltefosine (EC50 of 28.7 ± 3.5 μm). Reduced cytotoxicity for host cells was observed for both compounds. Additionally, ultrastructural changes in promastigotes leading to an alteration of structural morphology were observed, as evidenced by electron microscopy. Furthermore, these compounds altered the morphology and physiology of the plasmatic membrane of L. amazonensis.

Conclusions
The obtained results indicated that dineolignans 1 and 2 could be considered as a scaffold for the design of novel and selective drug candidates for the treatment of leishmaniasis.
Increasing roughage quality by using alfalfa hay as a substitute for concentrate mitigates CH4 emissions and urinary N and ammonia excretion from dry ewes
Authors: Wang Chunmei , Zhang Cheng , Yan Tianhai , Chang Shenghua , Zhu Wanhe , Wanapat Metha , Hou Fujiang 
Published: October 2019

AbstractTwelve Hu sheep × thin‐tail Han crossbred dry ewes with an average body weight of 32.6 ± 0.68 kg and an age of 3 years were arranged in a 3 × 3 Latin square design, with each experimental period of 24 d to evaluate the effect of substituting alfalfa hay in a portion of concentrate on nutrient intake, digestibility, N utilisation efficiency and methane emissions. The ratios of corn straw to alfalfa to concentrate for 3 diet treatments were 60:0:40, 60:15:25 and 60:30:10, respectively. Intake and digestibility were measured for each of the ewes, which were housed in individual metabolism crates for 6 d after an adaptation period of 14 d, and the feed was offered at 1.2 MEm to ensure approximately 10% orts. Methane emissions were determined in a respiration chamber for 2 consecutive d. An increase in the levels of alfalfa as a substitute for concentrate significantly increased the roughage, NSC and ADF intake and faecal N output as a proportion of N intake and manure N output. Furthermore, this increase in alfalfa input levels decreased DE, ME and N intake; nutrient digestibility; DE/GE, ME/GE and CH4 emissions per day; CH4 output expressed as a portion of the DM, OM and GE intake; and urinary N and ammonia N output, especially between extreme treatments. Alfalfa input levels had no effect on the BW, DM and GE intake; the EB or EB/GE intake; and the retained N. This study indicated that increasing alfalfa input as a substitute for concentrate could significantly decrease the digestibility, CH4 emissions and urinary N and NH4+‐N outputs; and shift the N excretion from urine to faeces; and could sustain a similar DM intake.
Effect of the homogenization process on the sensory and rheological properties in model system
Authors: da Silva Pereira Gerlândia , Leite Thiago S. , Schmidt Flávio L. , Cristianini Marcelo , Bolini Helena M. A. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractHigh pressure homogenization has been used for preparation and stabilization of emulsions and suspensions, promoting physical changes in products, such as viscosity change. However, its use in model systems for fruit nectar is innovative. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the processing in high pressure homogenizer on the rheological behavior and the sensory attributes in model system of gellan gum. Gellan gum (0.05%), organic acids (0.3%), and sucrose (10%) were used to prepare the solutions, which were subsequently homogenized (0—control, 25 and 50 MPa) at 25°C. Rheological and sensory analyses were performed. The samples presented pseudoplastic behavior without residual stress and were characterized by the Ostwald‐de‐Waele model. The homogenization pressure (PH) altered the viscosity of the model systems, reduced the consistency index and apparent viscosity, and increased the flow behavior index. The stimuli sour taste and viscosity differed among the parameters evaluated in the time‐intensity analysis. No differences were observed for the maximum intensity of viscosity between the treated samples (25 and 50 MPa), which exhibited a similar temporal profile. Therefore, studies on the rheological and sensory behavior are fundamental to product development and process optimization. The present study shows new trends on the use of the high pressure homogenizer and the sensory profile in model systems that can be used for fruit nectar. This study evaluated the sensory attributes through the time‐intensity analysis. The sensory data indicate that the homogenization pressure altered the viscosity perception, but did not alter the perception of the acid taste for the same organic acid used. Sensory as well as rheological data present new alternatives for product development. These findings are interesting for future research, equipment design, and process optimization.
Non‐culminating accomplishments
Authors: Martin Fabienne 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis paper focuses on non‐culminating accomplishments and distinguishes them from accomplishments used atelically. It delineates two different sources of event culmination denials after non‐progressive accomplishment sentences, namely, the perfective or a modal operator encoded in the VP. Furthermore, it argues that non‐culminating accomplishments also differ from non‐maximal accomplishments, which entail event culmination relative to a coarse granularity level, but allow culmination denials relative to a finer granularity level,viathe non‐maximal use of the (in‐)definite description used to introduce the incremental theme argument.
Enteric cholinergic neuropathy in patients with diabetes: Non‐invasive assessment with positron emission tomography
Authors: Klinge Mette W. , Borghammer Per , Lund Sten , Fedorova Tatyana , Knudsen Karoline , Haase Anne‐Mette , Christiansen Jens Juel , Krogh Klaus 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackground11C‐Donepezil positron emission tomography (PET) allows non‐invasive assessment of cholinergic innervation of visceral organs. We aimed to compare cholinergic innervation in the gut in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and in healthy controls (HC).Methods11C‐Donepezil PET and computed tomography (CT) were performed in 19 patients with type 1 DM and gastrointestinal symptoms and in 19 age‐ and sex‐matched HC in a cross‐sectional design.Key ResultsAll patients had severe gastrointestinal symptoms when assessed by standard questionnaires. DM patients had significantly increased volume of the small intestinal wall (DM: median 557 cm3[interquartile range [IQR] 446‐697] vs HC median: 448 cm3[IQR; 341‐518;P < .01]), and the11C Donepezil PET uptake was reduced in patients (DM: median 7.08 standardized uptake value [SUV] [IQR; 5.94‐8.43] vs HC: median 9.18 SUV [IQR; 8.57‐10.11;P < .01]). A similar pattern was found in colon (DM: median volume 1064 cm3[IQR; 882‐1312] vs HC: median 939 cm3[IQR; 785‐1081;P = .13] and DM: median 1.22 SUV (IQR; 1.08‐1.36) vs HC: median 1.42 SUV (IQR; 1.32‐1.53;P = .03). Furthermore, patients had significantly reduced pancreatic volume (DM: median 53 cm3[IQR; 41‐69] vs HC: median 98 cm3[IQR;82‐110;P < .01]) and reduced PET uptake of the pancreas (DM: median 13.14 SUV [IQR;9.58‐15.82] vs HC: median 21.46 SUV [IQR;18.97‐24.06;P < .01]) as well as the adrenal gland (DM: median 7.62 SUV [IQR;7.61;15.82] vs HC: median 15.51 SUV [IQR;12.22;19.49;P = .03]).Conclusion and InferencesAssessed with11C‐Donepezil PET/CT, patients with DM and severe bowel symptoms have reduced cholinergic innervation of the gut indicative of parasympathetic denervation.
The role of peptides cleaved from protein precursors in eliciting plant stress reactions
Authors: Chen Ying‐Lan , Fan Kai‐Ting , Hung Sheng‐Chi , Chen Yet‐Ran 
Published: October 2019

SummaryAs sessile organisms, plants are exposed to diverse abiotic and biotic stresses, and thus have developed complex signaling mechanisms that orchestrate multiple stress responses. Plant peptides have recently emerged as key signaling molecules of stress responses, not only to mechanical wounding and pathogen infection but also to nutrient imbalance, drought and high salinity. The currently identified stress‐related signaling peptides in plants are derived from proteolytic processing of protein precursors. Here, we review these protein‐derived peptides and the evidence for their functions in stress signaling. We recommend potential research directions that could clarify their roles in stress biology, and propose possible crosstalk with regard to the physiological outcome. The stress‐centric perspective allows us to highlight the crucial roles of peptides in regulating the dynamics of stress physiology. Inspired by historic and recent findings, we review how peptides initiate complex molecular interactions to coordinate biotic and abiotic stress responses in plants.
Dual regulation of xylem formation by an auxin‐mediated PaC3H17‐PaMYB199 module in Populus
Authors: Tang Xianfeng , Wang Dian , Liu Yu , Lu Mengzhu , Zhuang Yamei , Xie Zhi , Wang Congpeng , Wang Shumin , Kong Yingzhen , Chai Guohua , Zhou Gongke 
Published: October 2019

Summary

Wood (secondary xylem) formation in tree species is dependent on auxin‐mediated vascular cambium activity in stems. However, the complex regulatory networks underlying xylem formation remain elusive.

Xylem development in Populus was characterized based on microscopic observations of stem sections in transgenic plants. Transcriptomic, quantitative real‐time PCR, chromatin immunoprecipitation PCR, and electrophoretic mobility shift assay analyses were conducted to identify target genes involved in xylem development. Yeast two‐hybrid, pull‐down, bimolecular fluorescence complementation, and co‐immunoprecipitation assays were used to validate protein–protein interactions.

PaC3H17 and its target PaMYB199 were found to be predominantly expressed in the vascular cambium and developing secondary xylem in Populus stems and play opposite roles in controlling cambial cell proliferation and secondary cell wall thickening through an overlapping pathway. Further, PaC3H17 interacts with PaMYB199 to form a complex, attenuating PaMYB199‐driven suppression of its xylem targets. Exogenous auxin application enhances the dual control of the PaC3H17‐PaMYB199 module during cambium division, thereby promoting secondary cell wall deposition.

Dual regulation of xylem formation by an auxin‐mediated PaC3H17‐PaMYB199 module represents a novel regulatory mechanism in Populus, increasing our understanding of the regulatory networks involved in wood formation.
Multifaceted regulatory function of tomato SlTAF1 in the response to salinity stress
Authors: Devkar Vikas , Thirumalaikumar Venkatesh P. , Xue Gang‐Ping , Vallarino José G. , Turečková Veronika , Strnad Miroslav , Fernie Alisdair R. , Hoefgen Rainer , Mueller‐Roeber Bernd , Balazadeh Salma 
Published: October 2019

Summary

Salinity stress limits plant growth and has a major impact on agricultural productivity. Here, we identify NAC transcription factor SlTAF1 as a regulator of salt tolerance in cultivated tomato (Solanum lycopersicum).

While overexpression of SlTAF1 improves salinity tolerance compared with wild‐type, lowering SlTAF1 expression causes stronger salinity‐induced damage. Under salt stress, shoots of SlTAF1 knockdown plants accumulate more toxic Na+ ions, while SlTAF1 overexpressors accumulate less ions, in accordance with an altered expression of the Na+ transporter genes SlHKT1;1 and SlHKT1;2. Furthermore, stomatal conductance and pore area are increased in SlTAF1 knockdown plants during salinity stress, but decreased in SlTAF1 overexpressors.

We identified stress‐related transcription factor, abscisic acid metabolism and defence‐related genes as potential direct targets of SlTAF1, correlating it with reactive oxygen species scavenging capacity and changes in hormonal response. Salinity‐induced changes in tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates and amino acids are more pronounced in SlTAF1 knockdown than wild‐type plants, but less so in SlTAF1 overexpressors. The osmoprotectant proline accumulates more in SlTAF1 overexpressors than knockdown plants.

In summary, SlTAF1 controls the tomato’s response to salinity stress by combating both osmotic stress and ion toxicity, highlighting this gene as a promising candidate for the future breeding of stress‐tolerant crops.
Natural variation and selection in GmSWEET39 affect soybean seed oil content
Authors: Miao Long , Yang Songnan , Zhang Kai , He Jianbo , Wu Chunhua , Ren Yanhua , Gai Junyi , Li Yan 
Published: October 2019

Summary

Soybean (Glycine max) is a major contributor to the world oilseed production. Its seed oil content has been increased through soybean domestication and improvement. However, the genes underlying the selection are largely unknown.

The present contribution analyzed the expression patterns of genes in the seed oil quantitative trait loci with strong selective sweep signals, then used association, functional study and population genetics to reveal a sucrose efflux transporter gene, GmSWEET39, controlling soybean seed oil content and under selection.

GmSWEET39 is highly expressed in soybean seeds and encodes a plasma membrane‐localized protein. Its expression level is positively correlated with soybean seed oil content. The variation in its promoter and coding sequence leads to different natural alleles of this gene. The GmSWEET39 allelic effects on total oil content were confirmed in the seeds of soybean recombinant inbred lines, transgenic Arabidopsis, and transgenic soybean hairy roots. The frequencies of its superior alleles increased from wild soybean to cultivated soybean, and are much higher in released soybean cultivars.

The findings herein suggest that the sequence variation in GmSWEET39 affects its relative expression and oil content in soybean seeds, and GmSWEET39 has been selected to increase seed oil content during soybean domestication and improvement.
Sleep disturbances in temporomandibular disorders: a narrative review
Authors: Herrero Babiloni A. , Martel M.O. , Lavigne G.J. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractSleep complaints are frequently reported by patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMD). This review aims to offer dental practitioners and allied specialties a basic understanding of sleep quality, measure it subjectively and objectively and common sleep disturbances that are present in TMD patients. Guidance in identifying and managing patients with TMD and comorbid sleep‐related complaints will be provided as well. Dentists should be able to screen sleep disorders such as insomnia, sleep disordered breathing (apnoea, snoring) or sleep bruxism, and to refer patients to the appropriate specialist when necessary. Individualised management and a multidisciplinary approach must be pursued when managing patients with TMD and comorbid sleep disturbances and/or sleep disorders, such as insomnia or obstructive sleep apnoea.
Recurrent wheezing during the first 3 years of life in a birth cohort of moderate‐to‐late preterm infants
Authors: Moreno‐Galdó Antonio , Pérez‐Yarza Eduardo G. , Ramilo Octavio , Rubí Teresa , Escribano Amparo , Torres Antonio , Sardón Olaia , Oliva Concepción , Pérez Guadalupe , Cortell Isidoro , Rovira‐Amigo Sandra , Pastor‐Vivero Maria D. , Pérez‐Frías Javier , Velasco Valle , Torres Javier , Figuerola Joan , Barrio María Isabel , García‐Hernández Gloria , Mejías Asunción ,   on behalf of the SAREPREM 3235 investigators
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundData addressing short‐ and long‐term respiratory morbidity in moderate‐late preterm infants are limited. We aim to determine the incidence of recurrent wheezing and associated risk and protective factors in these infants during the first 3 years of life.MethodsProspective, multicenter birth cohort study of infants born at 32+0 to 35+0 weeks’ gestation and followed for 3 years to assess the incidence of physician‐diagnosed recurrent wheezing. Allergen sensitization and pulmonary function were also studied. We used multivariate mixed‐effects models to identify risk factors associated with recurrent wheezing.ResultsA total of 977 preterm infants were enrolled. Rates of recurrent wheezing during year (Y)1 and Y2 were similar (19%) but decreased to 13.3% in Y3. Related hospitalizations significantly declined from 6.3% in Y1 to 0.75% in Y3. Independent risk factors for recurrent wheezing during Y2 and Y3 included the following: day care attendance, acetaminophen use during pregnancy, and need for mechanical ventilation. Atopic dermatitis on Y2 and male sex on Y3 were also independently associated with recurrent wheezing. Palivizumab prophylaxis for RSV during the first year of life decreased the risk or recurrent wheezing on Y3. While there were no differences in rates of allergen sensitization, pulmonary function tests (FEV0.5) were significantly lower in children who developed recurrent wheezing.ConclusionsIn moderate‐to‐late premature infants, respiratory symptoms were associated with lung morbidity persisted during the first 3 years of life and were associated with abnormal pulmonary function tests. Only anti‐RSV prophylaxis exerted a protective effect in the development of recurrent wheezing.
Lung function and bronchial hyper‐reactivity from 11 to 18 years in children with bronchiolitis in infancy
Authors: Sørensen Karen Galta , Øymar Knut , Dalen Ingvild , Halvorsen Thomas , Mikalsen Ingvild Bruun 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundVarious trajectories for lung function and bronchial hyper‐reactivity (BHR) from early childhood to adulthood are described, including puberty as a period with excessive lung growth. Bronchiolitis in infancy may be associated with increased risk of developing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, but the development of respiratory patterns during puberty is poorly characterized for these children. We aimed to study the development and trajectories of lung function and BHR from 11 to 18 years of age in children hospitalized for bronchiolitis in infancy.MethodsInfants hospitalized for bronchiolitis at the University Hospitals in Stavanger and Bergen, Norway, during 1997‐1998, and an age‐matched control group, were included in a longitudinal follow‐up study and examined at 11 and 18 years of age with spirometry and methacholine provocation test (MPT). The MPT data were managed as dose‐response slope (DRS) in the statistical analyses. Changes in lung function and DRS from 11 to 18 years of age were analyzed by generalized estimating equations, including interaction terms.Resultsz‐scores for forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in first second (FEV1), FEV1/FVC ratio, and DRS were not different from 11 to 18 years of age in both the post‐bronchiolitis and the control group. The trajectories from 11 to 18 years did not differ between the two groups. BHR at age 11 was independently associated with asthma at age 18.ConclusionChildren hospitalized for bronchiolitis had stable predicted lung function and BHR from 11 to 18 years of age. The lung function trajectories were not different from controls.