bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inulin‐based emulsion‐filled gel as a fat replacer in prebiotic‐ and PUFA‐enriched dry fermented sausages
Authors: Glisic Marija , Baltic Milan , Glisic Milica , Trbovic Dejana , Jokanovic Marija , Parunovic Nenad , Dimitrijevic Mirjana , Suvajdzic Branko , Boskovic Marija , Vasilev Dragan 
Published: November 2018

SummaryIn order to produce fermented sausages with prebiotic fibre and improved fatty acid composition, 16% of pork back fat was replaced with inulin gelled suspension (I) and inulin linseed oil gelled emulsion (IO). Physico‐chemical analysis, fatty acid profiles, lipid oxidation, microbiological, textural, colour and sensory analysis were carried out. The fat content was lower in I (31.38%) and IO (35.36%) modified sausages compared to control (44.37%) (P < 0.05). IO sausages had lower SFA and MUFA and higher PUFA content with an improved n‐6/n‐3 ratio (2.23) (P < 0.05) and α‐linolenic acid increment (5.74 g per 100 g). Reformulation led to decrease in springiness, chewiness and hardness and increase in adhesiveness of the sausages. Modified sausages had lower L* and higher a* values, while b* values of I sausages did not differ compared to control sausages. Modified sausages were acceptable regarding all sensory attributes. Lipid oxidation parameters showed higher susceptibility to oxidation and lipolysis in IO sausages.
Improved function of bamboo shoot fibre by high‐speed shear dispersing combined with enzyme treatment
Authors: Yang Mo , Wu Liangru , Cao Chongjiang , Wang Suya , Zhang Dongmei 
Published: November 2018

SummaryWith the increase in global welfare, metabolic syndrome‐related diseases seriously disrupt our quality of life. Balanced diet with low calories, low glycaemic index, and high dietary fibre such as bamboo shoot fibre is needed. Functional properties of dietary fibre can be improved by processing methods. Therefore, we compared the effect of three processing methods (high‐speed shear dispersing, enzyme treatment and combined treatment) on the characteristics and functions of bamboo shoot fibres. Combined treatment resulted in high SDF content (10.15%), adsorption capacity of glucose (4.45–18.18 mmol g−1), nitrite ion (505.49 μg g−1 [pH 2.0]), and cholesterol (333.72 μg g−1 [pH 2.0]). FTIR revealed that hydroxyl groups, sugar methylene and benzene rings of aromatic compounds existed in the treated bamboo shoots. The particle size (D50) decreased from 383.90 to 30.65 μm. Honeycomb‐like structure was also observed through SEM. Thus, proper processing of bamboo shoot fibres can improve their functions as food ingredients.
Objectively measured sedentary time and diabetes mellitus in a general Japanese population: The Hisayama Study
Authors: Honda Takanori , Kishimoto Hiro , Mukai Naoko , Hata Jun , Yoshida Daigo , Hirakawa Yoichiro , Shibata Mao , Ohara Tomoyuki , Kumagai Shuzo , Ninomiya Toshiharu 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAims/IntroductionThe present study aimed to examine cross‐sectional associations between objectively measured sedentary time and the prevalence of diabetes mellitus in a general Japanese population, and to elucidate possible mediating roles of diet, obesity and insulin resistance in this relationship.Materials and MethodsA total of 1,758 community‐dwelling individuals aged 40–79 years wore an accelerometer for ≥7 days and underwent a comprehensive health examination in 2012. Diabetes mellitus was diagnosed by a 75‐g oral glucose tolerance test. The associations of sedentary time with the presence of diabetes mellitus and the levels of the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance were estimated by logistic and linear regression models.ResultsAfter adjustment for demographic and lifestyle factors including moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity, participants who spent ≥10 h in sedentary time had a significantly higher odds ratio of the presence of diabetes than those who spent <6 h in sedentary time (odds ratio 1.84, 95% confidence interval 1.02–3.31). This significant association remained after adjusting for overall and central obesity (as measured by body mass index and waist circumference), but weakened after adjusting for dietary energy intake or homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance. Sedentary time was positively associated with homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance levels among non‐diabetic participants after adjusted for obesity or energy intake (P for trend <0.01).ConclusionsLonger sedentary time was associated with a higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus in a general Japanese population. Insulin resistance appeared to be mainly involved in this association. These results highlight the importance of public health strategies targeting reductions in sedentary time for the primary prevention of diabetes mellitus.
Meta‐Analytic Research in Management: Contemporary Approaches, Unresolved Controversies, and Rising Standards
Authors: Combs James G. , Crook T. Russell , Rauch Andreas 
Published: November 2018

AbstractEarly meta‐analyses in management research sought primarily to resolve seemingly conflicting findings by estimating a relationship’s population‐level effect size. Since then, management researchers have adopted increasingly sophisticated approaches that permit new theorizing, testing and comparing sophisticated models, and identifying boundary conditions. We summarize three of these approaches – i.e., qualitative meta‐analysis (QMA), meta‐analytic structural equation modeling (MASEM), and meta‐analytic regression analysis (MARA) – along with the special issue papers that adopt each approach. We conclude by raising three unresolved controversies that we believe deserve more attention and by offering our thoughts about how to maximize a meta‐analytic study’s chances for publication and impact.
Effects of preoperative cisapride on postoperative aspiration pneumonia in dogs with laryngeal paralysis
Authors: Ogden J. , Ovbey D. , Saile K. 
Published: November 2018

ObjectivesRetrospective evaluation of a preoperative prokinetic protocol using a constant‐rate infusion of a serotonin 5‐HT4 receptor agonist, cisapride, and its association with frequency of postoperative aspiration pneumonia in dogs undergoing unilateral arytenoid lateralisation as compared to a historical population at the same institution.Materials and MethodsMedical records of dogs undergoing unilateral arytenoid lateralisation for laryngeal paralysis were reviewed for historical findings, imaging findings, anaesthesia and surgery durations, perioperative medications and if surgery was performed as an emergency. Aspiration pneumonia events in the first 72 hours after surgery were recorded. The study group received a preoperative cisapride constant‐rate infusion; historical ‘controls’ did not receive the cisapride protocol.ResultsOne of 50 dogs in the cisapride group and six of 52 dogs in the historical group developed aspiration pneumonia within the immediate postoperative period. The cisapride protocol was largely well tolerated. A markedly lower rate of aspiration pneumonia in patients administered butorphanol with acepromazine preoperatively and buprenorphine postoperatively was noted, but the overall low frequency of aspiration pneumonia and variation in case management protocols precluded definitive conclusions with respect to optimal perioperative drug choices.Clinical SignificanceLaryngeal paralysis is commonly treated by unilateral arytenoid lateralisation, and aspiration pneumonia is one of the most serious potential complications of this procedure. This study suggests that further investigation of a cisapride constant‐rate infusion to prevent this complication is warranted.
Retrospective analysis after endoscopic urethral injections of glutaraldehyde‐cross‐linked‐collagen or dextranomer/hyaluronic acid copolymer in bitches with urinary incontinence
Authors: Lüttmann K. , Merle R. , Nickel R. 
Published: November 2018

ObjectivesTo evaluate the outcome of endoscopic injection of two different bulking agents, glutaraldehyde cross‐linked collagen and dextranomer/hyaluronic acid copolymer into the urethral submucosa in female dogs with urinary incontinence caused by urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence.Materials and MethodsRetrospective review of records and follow‐up communication with owners of dogs that received an endoscopically guided urethral bulking procedure. In each dog, either cross‐linked collagen (2007 to 2011) or dextranomer/hyaluronic acid copolymer (2012 to 2015) was used. At least three injections were made in a circular arrangement in the midurethral region until the urethral lumen was closed.ResultsComplete questionnaires were available from 50 of 100 pet owners. The mean interval between the treatment and interview was 67 (range: 57 to 114) months in the cross‐linked collagen group and 19 (range: 2 to 48) months in the dextranomer/hyaluronic acid copolymer group. The mean duration of continence was 45∙8 months (range: 12 to 84 months) in the cross‐linked collagen group and 20∙5 months (range: 12 to 48 months) in the dextranomer/hyaluronic acid copolymer group. The success rate at 6 months or more after the procedure was 71% after the injection of cross‐linked collagen and 58% after injection of dextranomer/hyaluronic acid copolymer. One minor complication (transient haematuria) occurred in one dog. There were no major complications.Clinical SignificanceUrethral injection of dextranomer/hyaluronic acid copolymer in bitches with urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence is a useful alternative to cross‐linked collagen injection, which is no longer available in the European market. Dextranomer/hyaluronic acid copolymer injection is a minimally invasive alternative to surgical procedures and has a low complication rate.
Urinary incontinence in male dogs under primary veterinary care in England: prevalence and risk factors
Authors: Hall J. L. , Owen L. , Riddell A. , Church D. B. , Brodbelt D. C. , O'Neill D. G. 
Published: November 2018

ObjectiveTo estimate prevalence and identify demographic risk factors for urinary incontinence in male dogs.Methods and MethodsThe study population included all dogs within the VetCompass database from September 1, 2009 to July 7, 2013. Electronic patient records were searched for urinary incontinence cases; demographic and clinical information were extracted and analysed.ResultsOf 109,428 male dogs attending 119 clinics in England, there were an estimated 1027 dogs diagnosed with urinary incontinence, giving a prevalence of 0.94% (95% confidence interval: 0.88 to 1.00). Breeds with highest odds of incontinence in male dogs (compared with mixed breed dogs) included the bull mastiff (odds ratio: 17.21, 95% confidence interval: 6.65 to 44.56, case=5, non‐case=314, P<0.001), Irish red setter (odds ratio: 12.79, 95% confidence interval: 4.83 to 33.84, case=5, non‐case=142, P<0.001), fox terrier (odds ratio: 9.60, 95% confidence interval: 3.68 to 25.05, case=5, non‐case=176, P < 0.001), bulldog (odds ratio: 5.72, 95% confidence interval: 2.24 to 14.59, case=5, non‐case=929, P<0.001) and boxer (odds ratio: 3.65, 95% confidence interval: 1.84 to 7.25, case=10, non‐case=1470, P<0.001). Increased odds of urinary incontinence were associated with greater age (age 9 to 12 years, odds ratio: 10.46, 95% confidence interval: 6.59 to 16.62, n=12,348, P<0.001) and being insured (odds ratio: 1.96, 95% confidence interval: 1.53 to 2.51, n=26,202, P<0.001). There was no association with castration or bodyweight using multi‐variable analysis.Clinical SignificanceThe overall prevalence of urinary incontinence in male dogs is approximately 1%, which may be higher than expected given the sparsity of reports describing this problem. In contrast to bitches, neutering and bodyweight were not associated with greater odds of urinary incontinence, which is important when giving neutering advice.
Wine astringency reduces flavor intensity of Brussels sprouts
Authors: Carpenter Guy , Cleaver Leanne , Blakeley Matthew , Hasbullah Nurulezah , Houghton Jack , Gardner Alex 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe bitterness of vegetables is a leading reason why they are avoided by children and some adults. Bitterness is perceived via TAS2R receptors located on the tongue. In contrast, astringency is a mouthfeel rather than a taste, and is perceived as a dry, puckering sensation. To date few reports have suggested any interactions between the two processes even though they often occur simultaneously in many real foods. In this study, we have used Brussels sprouts as an exemplar bitter vegetable and examined the influence of a number of different interventions on perceived intensity. Subjects rated the intensity of Brussels sprouts before and after three interventions: gravy, red wine, and water. Only red wine caused a significant (p < .0001) decrease in VAS scale, from 5.5 to 3.5 on a 10‐point labeled magnitude scale. The results suggest the astringency of the red wine affected the perception of bitter in the Brussels sprout. Some possible mechanisms are discussed.Practical applicationsThis report reveals a possible insight into how bitterness is perceived in humans. By using astringency to affect salivary proteins, we suggest they may play a role in the detection of bitterness. This may be by helping to transport bitterness compounds to the taste bud receptors or a separate mechanism. Potentially this also opens up new ways to block bitterness.
Exchange rate regime and external adjustment: An empirical investigation for the US
Authors: Fuertes Alberto 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThis paper analyses the relationship between the US net external position and the exchange rate regime. I find a structural break in the US net external position at the end of the Bretton Woods system of fixed exchange rates that changed both the mean and variance of the series. On average, the US changed from a creditor to a debtor position and the variance of the external position increased during the floating period. This increase is to a large extent due to the valuation component of external adjustment that accounts for 54% of the variance of the US external position during the floating period but only 29% during the fixed exchange rate period. Further analysis shows that the exchange rate regime mainly affects the valuation channel of external adjustment. There is also evidence of another structural break in the US external position around the time of the introduction of the euro. Finally, I document asset pricing implications from the relationship between the exchange rate regime and the external adjustment process, as external imbalances predict the foreign exchange once the exchange rate regime is taken into account.
Does FDI increase productivity? The role of regulation in upstream industries
Authors: Papaioannou Sotiris K. , Dimelis Sophia P. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIn view of substantial changes having taken place in the regulatory environment and in the light of the increasing role of inter industry linkages, we examine whether the total factor productivity (TFP) growth impact of foreign direct investment (FDI) is determined by regulation in upstream sectors. Econometric estimates illustrate that FDI exerts a positive impact on the growth of OECD industries which slows down as upstream regulation rises. To raise the reliability of our estimates, we use instruments for FDI and regulation that are as free as possible of endogenous association with TFP growth. Our instrumental variable estimates verify that the influence of FDI on TFP growth depends negatively on the level of upstream regulation. Non‐parametric estimates confirm that the highest impact of FDI takes place at the lowest levels of entry regulation and public ownership.
RobEcolo: Optimal Design of a Wooden Five-Bar Mechanism
Authors: Kaci Lila , Briot Sébastien , Boudaud Clément , Martinet Philippe 
Published: November 2018

Eco-design of robots has almost never be en explored in the past. This work investigates the potential of using bio-sourced materials, which have almost no environmental impact, instead of metals for robot design. Also, wood is one of the best candidates because of its interesting mechanical properties. However, wood performance / dimensions vary with the atmospheric conditions / external solicitations. Thus, it is challenging to design a stiff and accurate wooden industrial robot.
Therefore, the objective of this paper is to describe a new design methodology leading to the design a wooden five-bar mechanism reliable in terms of accuracy and stiffness. The design optimization problem is solved in cascade. The first optimization process proposes to use a control-based design approach in order to compute the optimal primary geometric parameters of the robot (lengths of the links). This approach takes into account the sensor-based controller performance during the design phase. The second optimization process deals with the issue of the variability of the wood mechanical performance. It is based on a reliable topology optimization approach and allows for finding the shape of the robot links for which the impact of this variability in terms of deformation is minimized. Theoretical developments are described, solved and the obtained results allowed the prototyping of an industrial wooden five-bar mechanism.
Holistic Modeling and Optimization of Electric Vehicle Powertrains Considering Longitudinal Performance, Vehicle Dynamics, Costs and Energy Consumption
Authors: Angerer Christian , Krapf Sebastian , Buß Alexander , Lienkamp Markus 
Published: November 2018

The authors provide a copious literate review on powertrain design optimization for electric vehicle (EV) powertrains. The review shows a gap in the state of science regarding the consideration of all customer relevant requirements. Existing approaches either focus on performance and energy consumption or concentrate on vehicle dynamics.
Based on this insight, the authors analyze customer requirements and derive all vehicle properties that are influenced by the powertrain concept. They find that costs, longitudinal performance, lateral dynamics, off-road capabilities and energy consumption are key vehicle properties. The powertrain concept affects all these properties and thus determines the satisfaction of customer requirements.
Subsequently the authors describe a vehicle simulation model that represents all predefined customer requirements in dependence on the powertrain concept design.
Modeling and Analysis of a Self-Steering Axle for Heavy Vehicles
Authors: Delorenzis Damon , Ayalew Beshah 
Published: November 2018

Self-steering axles installed on commercial (heavy) vehicles offer important benefits, including improvements to vehicle performance such as off-tracking reduction and improved maneuverability, as well as reduction in pavement wear and damage that otherwise can result from the operation of heavy vehicles on the roadway. Traditional design methods for self-steering axles include empirical and trial-and-error methods to set steering mechanism design parameters based on known design baselines and prior experience. While the design of self-steering axles has not changed very much since their introduction, increasingly regulations and competitive market pressures have promoted the need for new designs to improve the performance of self-steering axles and differentiate new product offerings such as a new integrated steering knuckle concept which provides steering return stiffness and damping using a non-traditional design.
This paper introduces models useful in the analysis of the steering return stiffness and damping performance of self-steering axle systems and shows how to identify the steering stiffness and damping characteristics that provide acceptable performance for these systems. The paper offers reduced order models that capture the self-steering axle’s shimmy behavior and discusses how to arrive at acceptable steering and damping characteristics. It presents results of the evaluations of the steering system performance including with comparisons between physical testing and simulations with a self-steering axle installed on a commercial vehicle.
Data-Driven Probabilistic Thermal Stress Analysis of a Gas Turbine Casing
Authors: Han Zixi , Li Mian , Jiang Zixian , Min Zuoxing , Bourmich Sophie 
Published: November 2018

Strength requirement is one of the most important criteria in the design of gas turbine casing. Traditionally, deterministic analyses are used in strength assessment, with boundary conditions and loads set as fixed design values. However, real boundary conditions and loads in the operation can often differ from the fixed design values, such that the mechanical integrity of the turbine casing can vary from the strength and fatigue calculations.
In this work, the effect of the variability of the boundary conditions and loads is investigated on the static thermal stress problem of gas turbine casings using a probabilistic approach. The probability distribution is estimated using a Monte Carlo simulation based on the distribution of boundary conditions and loads obtained from field measurements. The finite element analysis is used to calculate the stress corresponding to different boundary conditions and a surrogate model is built to reduce the computational time of Monte Carlo simulations. This methodology is applied to a real engineering case which better quantifies the strength assessment result.
Method of Emerging Delight Design Based on KANSEI
Authors: Tanaka Yukako , Aoyama Hideki 
Published: November 2018

With the intensification of international competition and diversification of customer tastes, the concept design and architectural design contributing to the function and products of the appearance shape has become an important issue in product development. Therefore, in addition to the manufacturing technology supported by high quality and high performance, the establishment of delight value-added manufacturing technology is required. In recent years, delight design has been attracting attention to create a design that enhances customer satisfaction. Delight design means a design with attractive quality, in addition to the conventional performance quality and must-be quality. However, attractive quality depends on the quality of the designer. Moreover, it is difficult to define such a concept because it is considered to exist in a state similar to an idea, which means that it is vague and difficult to express.
Therefore, in this study, we propose a method of constructing a neural network customer value model that creates a product design from KANSEI using customer KANSEI data. Additionally, we propose a method of constructing a neural network customer evaluation model as the inverse model. The customer evaluation model analyzes the KANSEI of individual customers and creates a delight design, which is more appealing to an individual customer. In this study, this proposed method was applied to the side shape of a car’s body and the shape of a beer cup.