bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
IDENTIDADES DE GÊNERO NAS AULAS DE LÍNGUA INGLESA “ACORDA RAIMUNDO”
Authors: SENE Rosana Ap. R. de , FERREIRA Aparecida De Jesus 
Published: March 2019

O presente artigo pretende contribuir com reflexões referentes as identidades de gênero perante a exibição do vídeo “Acorda Raimundo” nas aulas de língua inglesa. Este artigo responde a duas questões: Como as aulas de língua inglesa podem contribuir para (des)naturalizar os papéis atribuídos para mulheres e homens? Como os papéis de gênero são vividos e naturalizados para mulheres e homens na sociedade? O referencial teórico utilizado está ancorado em Louro (1997, 2007), Moita Lopes (2002), Auad (2003, 2006), Butler (2010), Melo (2015) Ferreira (2006, 2012, 2015), Hall (2011), Dias e Mastrella-de-Andrade (2015). A metodologia utilizada neste estudo foi no contexto de grupo focal com 8 estudantes de uma turma de 2 Série do Ensino Médio, pertencentes a uma Escola Pública do Paraná. Os resultados da pesquisa demonstram que se faz necessário desconstruir estereótipos, preconceitos, machismo e sexismo nas relações de gênero, podendo encontrar na língua inglesa importantes contribuições para a construção de uma sociedade mais humana para todas as pessoas. Concluímos que, abordagens, em sala de aula, com temáticas envolvendo questões de gênero, são importantes porque possibilitam que professoras/es e estudantes reflitam criticamente sobre os discursos e práticas que reforçam as desigualdades entre mulheres e homens nas diferentes formas de manifestação do “ser” mulher/homem na sociedade.
Fostering Freedom: Troubling Relevance and Individualism
Authors: Richerme Lauren Kapalka 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
While most music educators likely value some form of “freedom,” historical events demonstrate that without attention to what constitutes freedom, the rhetoric of freedom can subsume practices that are anything but freeing. The purpose of this philosophical inquiry is to investigate the nature of freedom and to use freedom as a lens for analyzing contemporary music education discourse and practice. Drawing on the work of Greene (1988) and Zerilli (2005), I distinguish between freedom from and freedom to and explain freedom as the responsible, situation-specific action of becoming. Troubling discourse that treats relevant musical practices as ends in themselves, I offer that freedom involves teachers and students engaging with relevant obstacles. Additionally, I problematize solo and small group musical endeavors that encourage individualism and disconnect students from divergent perspectives. Musical freedom necessitates enacting responsible expressions attentive to the pluralistic community at hand; it also demands that participants exhibit the responsibility of taking one another’s musical speech seriously. Rather than conceiving of freedom as something that we let ring, music educators and students might emphasize ringing freedom together.
A Blind Spot in Political Theory: Justice, Deliberation, and Animals
Authors: Hannan Jason 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
This article examines the thought of two prominent political theorists: John Rawls and Jürgen Habermas. Both Rawls and Habermas take deliberation to be central to the theory of justice. In their view, deliberation provides a necessary alternative to paternalistic models of power and authority. The deliberative turn has been celebrated as one of the great frontiers of political theory. But what are its limitations? What are its blind spots? This article argues that the deliberative turn has reinforced the anthropocentrism of modern political theory by categorically excluding the moral claims of animals from the sphere of justice. The article then proposes an evolutionary conception of justice as a way out of our anthropocentric social imaginary.
A Second Honeymoon: Animal Liberation and Environmental Ethics
Authors: Faught Sydney 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
In “Animal Liberation and Environmental Ethics: Bad Marriage, Quick Divorce,” Mark Sagoff (2001) asserts that “environmentalists cannot be animal liberationists. Animal liberationists cannot be environmentalists” (p. 42). In this article, I explore and refute this claim. As a result of structuring his argument around the work of Peter Singer and Aldo Leopold, I argue Sagoff too quickly dismisses rights-based approaches to animal liberation. Drawing on Thomas Pogge’s (2008) institutional framework for human rights, I present a rights-based foundation upon which animal liberationism and environmentalism can be based compatibly.
Can Christian Worship Influence Attitudes and Behavior Toward Animals?
Authors: Brown Jennifer E. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Both the Scriptures and the traditions of the Christian faith can be seen to promote animal welfare and, paradoxically, also to promote the idea of nonhuman animals existing only for human use. The result is that Christians can have mixed attitudes toward animals, and comparatively few Christians actively work toward improving animal welfare. It is possible that the behavior and activities of individual Christians reflect those values most strongly and frequently expressed in Christian liturgy and worship, which may be more limited than what is present in Scripture or the wider tradition. The psychological theory of reasoned action/planned behavior provides a model that can help explain how these values are translated into action. This article will report on the findings of a pilot study that explored the relationship between the style and content of Christian worship and behavior in related ethical areas and will focus on those results relating specifically to animal welfare. Statistically significant correlations were found between the inclusion (or in this case noninclusion) of animal welfare in church worship, private prayer, and related charitable giving. Participation in certain types of worship was predictive, either positively or negatively, for giving to animal welfare charities. Based on these results, this article explores the possible reasons why liturgy can have a strong influence in forming attitudes and shaping behavior and why some liturgical styles may be more influential than others.
A Linguistic Method of Deception: The Difference Between Killing Humanely and a Humane Killing
Authors: Podosky Paul-Mikhail 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
I examine how the use of moral language is tactically employed by the meat-eating industry to exploit and manipulate the moral community. In particular, I discuss the treatment of the word humane in the context of factory farming. I argue that when the meat-eating industry employs phrases such as killing humanely, it deceitfully directs the attention of the moral community by inviting us to make judgments about the method of killing farmed animals, while ignoring judgments about the whether or not such killing ought to happen. This difference is between killing humanely and a humane killing.
Picturing Elephants in Captivity
Authors: Marcus Hadas 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
The photo essay that comprises Elephant House bears mournful testimony to the severely restricted lives of the world’s largest terrestrial mammals at the Oregon Zoo, as well as similar “educational” institutions throughout the United States and the world. While purporting to remain neutral regarding the ethics of keeping pachyderms in captivity, ethno-photographer Dick Blau and author-historian Nigel Rothfels’s provocative book could easily arouse angry or disconsolate reactions in many readers. Rather than focusing on the pachyderms themselves, Elephant House takes a more anthropocentric stance (through zookeepers’ eyes), pinpointing the intertwined relationships between these magnificent animals and the humans who strive to keep them as mentally stimulated and healthy as possible, albeit in a hopelessly confined and unnatural environment.
Practical Applications in Immunohistochemistry: An Immunophenotypic Approach to the Spleen
Authors: Borch William R. , Aguilera Nadine S. , Brissette Mark D. , O'Malley Dennis P. , Auerbach Aaron 
Published: March 2019

Context.—Even though immunohistochemistry is routinely used by pathologists, evaluation of immunohistochemistry in splenic lesions remains difficult for many. Classification of benign and splenic lesions often requires a combination of hematoxylin-eosin evaluation, immunophenotyping, and sometimes molecular testing. Immunohistochemical staining is essential in evaluating many splenic lesions, and requires an understanding of the normal compartments of the spleen.Objective.—To address different immunohistochemical features used for identification and subclassification of different lesions of the spleen, as well as in the normal compartments of the spleen.Data Sources.—The information outlined in this review article is based on our experiences with a variety of spleen cases, on the current World Health Organization classification of hematopoietic and lymphoid tumors, and on a review of English-language articles published during 2018.Conclusions.—Features for phenotyping normal spleen as well as a variety of splenic lesions, including littoral cell angioma and splenic marginal zone lymphoma, are discussed. Suggested immunopanels are provided to assist in the diagnosis of different lesions of the spleen.
The Sound of Silence : le pouvoir discrétionnaire du Procureur de la Cour pénale internationale à travers l’utilisation des critères d’intérêts de la justice et de gravité lors de l’ouverture d’une enquête
Authors: Magnoux Claire 
Published: March 2019

Une des grandes innovations dans le domaine de la justice internationale pénale, à l’exception de l’avènement même d’une cour permanente, est la consécration, en son sein, d’un Procureur indépendant. Cette indépendance fait néanmoins l’objet d’un encadrement notamment à travers l’article 53 du Statut de Rome de la Cour pénale internationale, intitulé « Ouverture d’une enquête ». En effet, celui-ci circonscrit l’action du Procureur dès la phase d’ouverture d’enquête (paragraphe 1) en établissant un certain nombre de critères, dont celui des « intérêts de la justice ». Ce critère, pensé comme un critère de pondération, permet au Procureur de refuser d’ouvrir une enquête même si l’ensemble des autres critères est présent. Il constitue ainsi le bastion du pouvoir discrétionnaire du Procureur. Dans la pratique, aucun refus d’ouverture d’enquête ne s’est jamais basé sur le critère des « intérêts de la justice ». Or, à l’exception des situations ne passant pas le test d’admissibilité, les refus d’ouverture d’enquête se sont basés sur le test de la recevabilité et précisément sur le critère de la gravité. Cela signifie-t-il que le Procureur restreint de lui-même son pouvoir discrétionnaire en se concentrant sur d’autres critères ? Notre démarche vise à démontrer que le processus d’objectivation auquel s’est livré le Procureur dans la prise en compte de ces deux critères (intérêts de la justice et gravité) a été nuisible à l’image d’impartialité voulue par ce dernier, nécessitant des ajustements de sa part. Ainsi, il a minimisé l’utilisation de l’application du critère des intérêts de la justice au profit de celui de la gravité à la faveur d’une interprétation stricte des « intérêts de la justice » (I), tout en prenant en compte ce critère par l’intermédiaire de stratégies détournées rendant le contrôle et les débats relatifs à ses choix plus compliqués (II). Or, nous pensons qu’au regard du type de conflictualité auquel il doit faire face, il est nécessaire de se questionner sur une évolution du spectre du critère des intérêts de la justice, et donc de sa prise en compte dans le choix d’ouverture d’une enquête (III).
Long-channel InAlAs/InGaAs/InAlAs single-quantum-well MISFETs with subthreshold swing of 61 mV/decade and effective mobility of 11 900 cm2 V−1 · s−1
Authors: Lee In-Geun , Jo Hyeon-Bhin , Yun Do-Young , Shin Chan-Soo , Lee Jung-Hee , Kim Tae-woo , Ko Dae-Hong , Kim Dae-Hyun 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
We report In0.52Al0.48As/In0.7Ga0.3As/In0.52Al0.48As single-quantum-well metal-insulator-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MISFETs) with a selective source/drain regrowth process. Long-channel InGaAs MISFETs yielded a subthreshold swing (S) of 61 mV/decade at VDS = 0.05 V and room temperature, and displayed very little frequency dispersion behavior in capacitance–voltage (CV) characteristics in both the strong-inversion and weak-inversion regimes. Both the S and CV results reflect the excellent interface quality between a molecular beam epitaxy-grown InAlAs insulator and an InGaAs channel. The devices showed as little as 0.8% per decade of frequency dispersion at the maximum gate capacitance in the strong-inversion regime. Moreover, the fabricated devices yielded an effective mobility (μ

n_eff) of 11 900 cm2 V−1 · s−1 at room temperature, and degradation of μ

n_eff with V
GS in the strong-inversion regime was negligible. These results are a consequence of the small interfacial state density and the smooth surface morphology at the interface.
A Study on Relationship of Thrombocytopenia and Likelihood of Severe Malaria in Patients Admitted With Malaria in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Dakshina Kannada
Authors: Bendigeri Mukhtarahmed , Panchakshare Apoorva , Attar Nazir , Jaladhar Prakruthi 
Published: March 2019

Background: Malaria continues to be a huge socioeconomic burden despite various measures taken to curb the spread worldwide. It is also a global concern and more so in countries with a resource-limited setting. This inspired us to look at variables that could represent a severe disease in those limited settings, one such parameter being thrombocytopenia in malaria.
Aims and Objectives: To find the relationship between thrombocytopenia and renal failure, hepatic dysfunction and cerebral malaria (severe malaria) and to identify if thrombocytopenia on the first day of admission increases the likelihood of severe malaria.
Methods: The study included 85 patients admitted in Yenepoya medical college hospital with fever and peripheral smear or malarial parasite fluorescent test (MPFT) positive for Plasmodium species.
Results: A total of 85 patients were included in the study. It was noted that the patients with profound thrombocytopenia (<20,000/ml) on day 1 were more commonly associated with manifestations of severe malaria-like cerebral malaria, renal failure, and jaundice. Platelet count of <50,000/ml was associated with increased incidence of renal failure, hepatic dysfunction, and cerebral malaria and increased mortality by an odds ratio of 4.37 on multivariate analysis.
Conclusions: It was noted in our study that the presence of thrombocytopenia in a case of acute febrile illness increases the probability of malaria. This finding along with clinical suspicion of malaria should entail early treatment initiation. We have also noted that the presence of profound and severe thrombocytopenia was found to have a statistically significant correlation with cerebral malaria, renal failure and jaundice, and increased mortality.
A Sequential Third Order Rotatable Design in Four Dimensions
Authors: Cornelious Nyakundi O. 
Published: March 2019

In research, experiments must be performed at pre-determined levels of the controllable factors, meaning that an experimental design must be selected prior to experimentation. Once an experimenter has chosen a polynomial model of suitable order, the problem arises on how best to choose the settings for the independent variables over which he has control. A particular selection of settings or factor levels at which observations are to be taken is called a design. A design may become inappropriate under special circumstances requiring an increase in factors or levels to make it more desirable. In agriculture for instance, continuous cultivation of crops may exhaust previously available mineral elements necessitating a sequential appendage of the mineral elements which become deficient in the soil over time. In this study, a fifty six points third order rotatable design is constructed by adding a set of factors to a second order rotatable design in four dimensions and a practical hypothetical example is given by converting coded level to natural levels. This design permits a response surface to be fitted easily and provide spherical information contours besides the economic use of scarce resources in relevant production processes.
Anatomical Assessment of the Eye of the African Grasscutter (Thryonomys swinderianus)
Authors: Peter-Ajuzıe Iheanyi Kemdirim , Nwaogu Innocent Chima , Igwebuike Udensi Maduabuchi 
Published: March 2019

Purpose: To determine the macroscopic and microscopic ocular morphological characteristics of the African grass-cutter
Materials and Methods: Ten male grasscutters of mean age 4.05 ± 1.44 months and mean weight 1.04 ± 0.56 kg were used for this study. Gross morphologic and light microscopic techniques were employed in the study of the eyes.
Results: Grossly, the eye exhibited typical characteristics of the mammalian eye with a mean eye weight and mean corneal diameter of 0.47 ± 0.14 g and 0.73 ± 0.07 cm, respectively. The horizontal corneal diameter was significantly greater (p < 0.05) than the vertical corneal diameter, and the ratio of mean corneal diameter to mean eye diameter (MCD:MED) was 0.80. The sclera and corneal stroma were dense fibrous connective tissues and had thicknesses of 105.3 ± 25.8 µm and 201.4 ± 91.3µm, respectively, while the corneal epithelium was stratified squamous epithelium and measured 50.1 ± 15.1µm. The choroid, ciliary stroma, and iridal stroma were pigmented connective tissues, while the retina was a multi-layered neuro-epithelial tissue with scanty ganglion cells and a retinal pigment epithelium that was pigmented throughout its length.
Conclusion: The high MCD:MED and scanty retinal ganglion cells observed are associated with nocturnal visual capability. However, the complete pigmentation of the retinal pigment epitheliumsuggest the absence of tapetum lucidum in this species. This could considerably lower its nocturnal visual capability and indicate a low reliance on vision for environmental perception. The biometrical measurements obtained have made data available for use in future ocular studies of the rodent.
Different trends of neighboring populations of Lesser Kestrel: Effects of climate and other environmental conditions
Authors: Morganti Michelangelo , Ambrosini Roberto , Sarà Maurizio 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe sensitivity of population trends to the climate and environment is generally considered a species‐specific trait. However, evidence that populations may show different responses to the climate and environmental conditions is growing. Whether this differential sensitivity may arise even among neighboring populations remains elusive. We compared the trends of two neighboring populations of the Lesser KestrelFalco naumanni, using data from a 12‐year survey of 158 colonies in Sicily, Italy; the two populations inhabiting a lowland and an highland area, respectively. Population trends were modeled through the TRIM algorithms implemented in R (packagertrim). A reversed U‐shaped population trend was observed in the lowland, while the highland population showed oscillations around a stable trend. Sahel rainfall 2 years before each annual survey significantly affected population variation in the lowland, while rainfall in March and an index of primary productivity in the breeding areas affected population variation in the highland. This suggests that the population in the lowland may be limited mainly by winter survival in Sahel, because the lowland may be an optimal breeding area for this species. In contrast, the highland population, which occupies a different part of the climatic niche of the species, may be limited mainly by reproductive output, because rainfall in March and the primary productivity in May could represent prey availability immediately before and during the breeding months. Overall, our findings suggest that population‐specific environmental sensitivity might occur even over small (<100 km) geographical scales, highlighting the need for population‐specific conservation strategies.
Dissecting the effect of workplace exposures on workers’ rating of psychological health and safety
Authors: Ramkissoon Avinash , Smith Peter , Oudyk John 
Published: March 2019

AbstractObjectivesTo validate the factor structure of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ) in a North American population and dissect the associations between psychosocial factors and workplace psychological health and safety.MethodsConfirmatory factor analysis and multivariate linear regression were used to determine the associations between COPSOQ dimensions and a global rating of workplace psychological health and safety. Models were stratified by sex, gender roles, and age.ResultsThe COPSOQ factor structure was verified among Canadian workers. Three factors were found to significantly contribute to the global rating of the psychological health and safety for all workers. Few differences were observed across sex, gender roles, and age.ConclusionsThis study identified dimensions of the psychosocial work environment that are strongly associated with the global rating of workplace psychological health and safety. Using a standardized questionnaire like the COPSOQ allows for comparisons over time, between different industries, and worker populations.
Asbestos in commercial indian talc
Authors: Fitzgerald Sean , Harty Elizabeth , Joshi Tushar Kant , Frank Arthur L. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundEasily available commercial Indian talc products widely used in Southeast Asia were examined for the presence of asbestos. Asbestos in talc products carry all risks of asbestos‐related disease.MethodsUsing polarizing light microscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), electron diffraction, and X‐ray analysis, multiple over‐the‐counter Indian talc products were examined for the presence of asbestos.ResultsResults In an initial group of five Indian talc products, one was found to contain tremolite asbestos. The second group of eight products was tested and six of eight contained tremolite asbestos as well. No other regulated amphibole was found.ConclusionLarge quantities of body talc products containing asbestos are used throughout Southeast Asia and are likely to pose a public health risk for asbestos‐related diseases, especially for the cancers related to asbestos exposure. The country of origin in which the talc examined was sourced for production is unknown to the authors, and further investigation to measure associated public health risk is needed.
DNAzyme‐Loaded Metal–Organic Frameworks (MOFs) for Self‐Sufficient Gene Therapy
Authors: Wang Huimin , Chen Yuqi , Wang Hong , Liu Xiaoqing , Zhou Xiang , Wang Fuan 
Published: March 2019

AbstractDNAzymes have been recognized as potent therapeutic agents for gene therapy, while their inefficient intracellular delivery and insufficient cofactor supply precludes their practical biological applications. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as promising drug carriers without in‐depth consideration of their disassembled ingredients. Herein, we report a self‐sufficient MOF‐based chlorin e6‐modified DNAzyme (Ce6‐DNAzyme) therapeutic nanosystem for combined gene therapy and photodynamic therapy (PDT). The ZIF‐8 nanoparticles (NPs) could efficiently deliver the therapeutic DNAzyme without degradation into cancer cells. The pH‐responsive ZIF‐8 NPs disassemble with the concomitant release of the guest DNAzyme payloads and the host Zn2+ ions that serve, respectively, as messenger RNA‐targeting agent and required DNAzyme cofactors for activating gene therapy. The auxiliary photosensitizer Ce6 could produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) and provide a fluorescence signal for the imaging‐guided gene therapy/PDT.