bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Theory versus practice
Authors: Clerck Bernard De , Decock Sofie , Vandenberghe Jasper , Seghers Mathias 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIn this paper, we investigate the attention given to and the impact of interpersonal, people-oriented and transactional, problem-oriented stance in English complaint refusals in business correspondence. The analysis is based on a sample analysis of English e-mail sequences from a Belgian multinational as well as experimental research that probes into the effect of interpersonal strategies on customer outcomes. The sample analysis shows a sharp contrast between theory and practice: while the need for supportive language and interpersonal attention are standard items in textbook instructions, the data show little alignment with the customer through expressions of regret, gratitude, or empathy. The experiment, in its turn, shows a positive impact of interactional stance on interactional justice but little to no impact on satisfaction, perceived professionalism, and loyalty. This raises a number of questions regarding best practice and best practice models.
Isolation of 6-hydroxy-l-tryptophan from the fruiting body of Lyophyllum decastes for use as a tyrosinase inhibitor
Authors: Ishihara Atsushi , Sugai Naomi , Bito Tomohiro , Ube Naoki , Ueno Kotomi , Okuda Yasuhito , Fukushima-Sakuno Emi 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACT
Tyrosinase is the key enzyme that controls melanin formation. We found that a hot water extract of the lyophilized fruiting body of the fungus Lyophyllum decastes inhibited tyrosinase from Agaricus bisporus. The extract was fractionated by ODS column chromatography, and an active compound was obtained by purification through successive preparative HPLC using an ODS and a HILIC column. Using spectroscopic data, the compound was identified to be an uncommon amino acid, 6-hydroxytryptophan. 6-Hydroxy-l-tryptophan and 6-hydroxy-d-tryptophan were prepared through a Fenton reaction from l-tryptophan and d-tryptophan, respectively. The active compound was determined to be 6-hydroxy-l-tryptophan by comparison of their circular dichroism spectra and retention time on HPLC analysis of the Nα-(5-fluoro-2,4-dinitrophenyl)-l-leuciamide derivative with those of 6-hydroxy-l-tryptophan and 6-hydroxy-d-tryptophan. A Lineweaver–Burk plot of the enzyme reaction in the presence of 6-hydroxy-l-tryptophan indicated that this compound was a competitive inhibitor. The IC50 values of 6-hydroxy-l-tryptophan was 0.23 mM.
The discursive politics of marketization in home care policy implementation in Ireland
Authors: Cullen Pauline 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTIdeational and gender discursive approaches are used to examine how implementing actors discursively engage with processes of marketization within home care policy in Ireland. Front line service providers, including private actors, non-profits and migrant care workers’ problem representations, solutions and underlying assumptions about what a care market is and should be offer insights into how practical experiences of market mechanisms are perceived to shape policy implementation. A focus on how implementing actors mobilize discursively on home care underlines how implementation should be viewed as a process that continues to be negotiated, often contested or even resisted, as it is implemented. Implementing actors’ legitimize, contest and adapt to the marketization of home care in divergent and overlapping ways as discursive agents that mediate between policy design and implementation reproducing in turn gendered and racialized ideas about care and care work.
Associations between Health Behaviors and Factors on Markers of Healthy Psychological and Physiological Functioning: a Daily Diary Study
Authors: Strahler Jana , Nater Urs M , Skoluda Nadine 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundCross-sectional and experimental knowledge highlight the contribution of various health-promoting behaviors, such as physical activity, regular sleep, and healthy nutrition to mental and physical health. Beyond these well-studied lifestyle behaviors, music listening and perceived respect in social interactions are just recently proposed everyday life experiences, which may act as health-promoting factors.PurposeThis study tested the simultaneous contribution of several health-promoting behaviors and factors and examined listening to music and positive social interaction by means of perceived respect as new potentially preventive and health-promoting behaviors and factors using an ambulatory assessment design.MethodsSeventy-seven young healthy adults (38 women, 23.9 ± 4.5 years) completed surveys on their psychological state (i.e., mood, stress, and fatigue) five times a day for four consecutive days. A saliva sample was collected with each data entry to explore the physiological stress markers salivary cortisol, alpha-amylase, and flow rate as further outcome variables. As predictors, perceived respect, self-reported physical activity, the sleep’s restfulness, daily coffee, alcohol, vegetable/fruit consumption, and music listening behavior were recorded.ResultsOverall, restful sleep, mean daily perceived respect, and listening to music were most clearly associated with more positive psychological states, that is, better mood and lower fatigue and perceived stress. Associations with daily alcohol, coffee, and vegetable/fruit consumption appeared rather minor. While perceived respect scores were associated with lower daily cortisol output, coffee consumption was positively related to daily cortisol and alpha-amylase. Self-reported physical activity was unrelated to either outcome measure.ConclusionsThese findings provide important insights regarding potential resources of health (i.e., music and respect), their covariation, and which psycho-physiological mechanisms may underlie the links between health factors and well-being. Findings also have implications for the development of interventions aiming to increase resilience and foster health. Here, strategies for improving sleep quality, the use of music, and approaches that emphasize mutual respect and appreciation appear useful additions.
A Multidimensional Approach to Assessing Infectious Disease Risk: Identifying Risk Classes Based on Psychological Characteristics
Authors: van Wees Daphne A , Heijne Janneke C M , Heijman Titia , Kampman Karlijn C J G , Westra Karin , de Vries Anne , de Wit John , Kretzschmar Mirjam E E , den Daas Chantal 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Prevention of infectious diseases depends on health-related behavior, which is often influenced by psychological characteristics. However, few studies assessing health-related behavior have examined psychological characteristics to identify risk groups, and this multidimensional approach might improve disease risk assessment. We aimed to characterize subgroups based on psychological characteristics and examine their influence on behavior and disease risk, using chlamydia as a case study. Selected participants (heterosexuals aged 18–24 years and females aged 18–24 years who had sex with both men and women) in a Dutch longitudinal cohort study (the Mathematical Models Incorporating Psychological Determinants: Control of Chlamydia Transmission (iMPaCT) Study) filled out a questionnaire and were tested for chlamydia (2016–2017). Latent class analysis was performed to identify risk classes using psychological predictors of chlamydia diagnosis. Two classes were identified: class 1 (n = 488; 9% chlamydia diagnosis) and class 2 (n = 325; 13% chlamydia diagnosis). The proportion of participants with high shame, high impulsiveness, and lower perceived importance of health was higher in class 2 than in class 1. Furthermore, persons in class 2 were more likely to be male and to report condomless sex compared with class 1, but the number of recent partners was comparable. Thus, risk classes might be distinguished from each other by psychological characteristics beyond sexual behavior. Therefore, the impact of the same intervention could differ, and tailoring interventions based on psychological characteristics might be necessary to reduce chlamydia prevalence most effectively.
Smart computational exploration of stochastic gene regulatory network models using human-in-the-loop semi-supervised learning
Authors: Wrede Fredrik , Hellander Andreas 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Motivation
Discrete stochastic models of gene regulatory network models are indispensable tools for biological inquiry since they allow the modeler to predict how molecular interactions give rise to nonlinear system output. Model exploration with the objective of generating qualitative hypotheses about the workings of a pathway is usually the first step in the modeling process. It involves simulating the gene network model under a very large range of conditions, due to the large uncertainty in interactions and kinetic parameters. This makes model exploration highly computational demanding. Furthermore, with no prior information about the model behavior, labor-intensive manual inspection of very large amounts of simulation results becomes necessary. This limits systematic computational exploration to simplistic models.

Results
We have developed an interactive, smart workflow for model exploration based on semi-supervised learning and human-in-the-loop labeling of data. The workflow lets a modeler rapidly discover ranges of interesting behaviors predicted by the model. Utilizing that similar simulation output is in proximity of each other in a feature space, the modeler can focus on informing the system about what behaviors are more interesting than others by labeling, rather than analyzing simulation results with custom scripts and workflows. This results in a large reduction in time-consuming manual work by the modeler early in a modeling project, which can substantially reduce the time needed to go from an initial model to testable predictions and downstream analysis.

Availability and implementation
A python-package is available at https://github.com/Wrede/mio.git.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Not Yet a Woman: The Influence of Socio-Political Constructions of Motherhood on Experiences of Female Infertility
Authors: Wells Hannah , Heinsch Milena 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIn contemporary pronatalist societies, motherhood and childbearing are constructed as inevitable fulfilments of the female identity, resulting in the stigmatisation of women who do not conform to these feminine ‘ideals’. This article reports on the findings of a scoping review, which explored constructions of women and motherhood in Western societies, and how they influence women’s experiences of infertility. Three key themes were identified: (i) the ‘women as mothers’ discourse; (ii) medicalisation and the ‘female biological fault’; and (iii) ‘deviant’ mothers and infertility. While these themes facilitate a deeper understanding of the ways social ideologies can influence the identity and life-course of infertile women, the current literature was found to be overwhelmingly medical in focus, centred on the concept of Assisted Reproductive Technologies. This article aims to expand narrow discourses on female infertility by exploring women’s support needs and the socio-political impacts on their experience. It extends the interdisciplinary knowledge base in this area by considering the contributions social work can make in addressing these systemic factors.
Research on the potential-induced degradation (PID) of PV modules running in two typical climate regions
Authors: Sun Gang , Tu Xiaohe , Wang Rui 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
In order to accurately select photovoltaic modules under different climatic conditions, three kinds of polycrystalline silicon photovoltaic modules were prepared for this study using different properties of packaging materials and two typical climatic zones of China were selected for installation and operation of these photovoltaic (PV) modules. The photoelectric parameters (maximum power, open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current, etc.) and electroluminescence images of these modules were analysed before and after their operation for 6 months. The study found that the performance of PV modules in different climatic regions shows different decay tendency and degradation mechanism. There was a significant difference in the degradation of the three different types of PV modules in the sub-humid-hot region (Suzhou, Jiangsu); two kinds of photovoltaic modules using relatively poorly performing package materials showed significant potential-induced degradation effects. However, the degradation trend of the three different types of PV modules in the warm-temperate region (Kenli, Shandong) was consistent and no significant potential-induced degradation effect was observed.
Chlamydia trachomatis and the Risk of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease, Ectopic Pregnancy, and Female Infertility: A Retrospective Cohort Study Among Primary Care Patients
Authors: den Heijer Casper D J , Hoebe Christian J P A , Driessen Johanna H M , Wolffs Petra , van den Broek Ingrid V F , Hoenderboom Bernice M , Williams Rachael , de Vries Frank , Dukers-Muijrers Nicole H T M 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Background
We evaluated the risk of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), ectopic pregnancy, and infertility in women with a previous Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) diagnosis compared with women who tested negative for CT and CT untested women, considering both targeted and incidental (ie, prescribed for another indication) use of CT-effective antibiotics.

Methods
This was a retrospective study of women aged 12–25 years at start of follow-up within the Clinical Practice Research Datalink GOLD database linked to index of multiple deprivation quintiles, 2000–2013. CT test status and antibiotic use were determined in a time-dependent manner. Risk of PID, ectopic pregnancy, or female infertility were evaluated using of Cox proportional hazard models.

Results
We studied 857 324 women, contributing 6 457 060 person-years. Compared with women who tested CT-negative, women who tested CT-positive had an increased risk of PID (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 2.36; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.01–2.79), ectopic pregnancy (aHR, 1.87; 95% CI, 1.38–2.54), and infertility (aHR, 1.85; 95% CI, 1.27–2.68). The PID risk was higher for women with 2 or more positive CT tests than those with 1 positive test. PID risk increased with the number of previous antibiotic prescriptions, regardless of CT test status.

Conclusions
We showed an association between CT-positive tests and 3 adverse reproductive health outcomes. Moreover, this risk increased with repeat CT infections. CT-effective antibiotic use showed no decreased risks of subsequent PID regardless of CT history. Our results confirm the reproductive health burden of CT, which requires adequate public health interventions.
MolMeDB: Molecules on Membranes Database
Authors: Juračka Jakub , Šrejber Martin , Melíková Michaela , Bazgier Václav , Berka Karel 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBiological membranes act as barriers or reservoirs for many compounds within the human body. As such, they play an important role in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of drugs and other molecular species. Until now, most membrane/drug interactions have been inferred from simple partitioning between octanol and water phases. However, the observed variability in membrane composition and among compounds themselves stretches beyond such simplification as there are multiple drug–membrane interactions. Numerous experimental and theoretical approaches are used to determine the molecule–membrane interactions with variable accuracy, but there is no open resource for their critical comparison. For this reason, we have built Molecules on Membranes Database (MolMeDB), which gathers data about over 3600 compound–membrane interactions including partitioning, penetration and positioning. The data have been collected from scientific articles published in peer-reviewed journals and complemented by in-house calculations from high-throughput COSMOmic approach to set up a baseline for further comparison. The data in MolMeDB are fully searchable and browsable by means of name, SMILES, membrane, method or dataset and we offer the collected data openly for further reuse and we are open to further additions. MolMeDB can be a powerful tool that could help researchers better understand the role of membranes and to compare individual approaches used for the study of molecule/membrane interactions.
Bending of DNA duplexes with mutation motifs
Authors: Růžička Michal , Souček Přemysl , Kulhánek Petr , Radová Lenka , Fajkusová Lenka , Réblová Kamila 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Mutations can be induced by environmental factors but also arise spontaneously during DNA replication or due to deamination of methylated cytosines at CpG dinucleotides. Sites where mutations occur with higher frequency than would be expected by chance are termed hotspots while sites that contain mutations rarely are termed coldspots. Mutations are permanently scanned and repaired by repair systems. Among them, the mismatch repair targets base pair mismatches, which are discriminated from canonical base pairs by probing altered elasticity of DNA. Using biased molecular dynamics simulations, we investigated the elasticity of coldspots and hotspots motifs detected in human genes associated with inherited disorders, and also of motifs with Czech population hotspots and de novo mutations. Main attention was paid to mutations leading to G/T and A+/C pairs. We observed that hotspots without CpG/CpHpG sequences are less flexible than coldspots, which indicates that flexible sequences are more effectively repaired. In contrary, hotspots with CpG/CpHpG sequences exhibited increased flexibility as coldspots. Their mutability is more likely related to spontaneous deamination of methylated cytosines leading to C > T mutations, which are primarily targeted by base excision repair. We corroborated conclusions based on computer simulations by measuring melting curves of hotspots and coldspots containing G/T mismatch.
Ultra-processed Food Consumption and Incident Frailty: A Prospective Cohort Study of Older Adults
Authors: Sandoval-Insausti Helena , Blanco-Rojo Ruth , Graciani Auxiliadora , López-García Esther , Moreno-Franco Belén , Laclaustra Martín , Donat-Vargas Carolina , Ordovás José M , Rodríguez-Artalejo Fernando , Guallar-Castillón Pilar 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundUltra-processed food intake has been associated with chronic conditions and mortality. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between ultra-processed food intake and incident frailty in community-dwelling older adults.MethodsProspective cohort study with 1,822 individuals aged at least 60 years who were recruited during 2008–2010 in Spain. At baseline, food consumption was obtained using a validated computerized face-to-face dietary history. Ultra-processed foods were identified according to the nature and extent of their industrial processing (NOVA classification). In 2012, incident frailty was ascertained based on Fried’s criteria. Statistical analyses were performed with logistic regression and adjusted for the main potential confounders.ResultsAfter a mean follow-up of 3.5 years, 132 cases of frailty were identified. The fully adjusted risks of frailty across increasing quartiles of the percentage of total energy intake from ultra-processed foods were the following: 0.04 (0.02–0.05), 0.05 (0.03–0.07), 0.09 (0.07–0.12), and 0.11 (0.08–0.14). Results were similar when food consumption was expressed as gram per day/body weight. Regarding ultra-processed food groups, the highest versus the lowest tertiles of consumption of yogurts and fermented milks, cakes and pastries, as well as nonalcoholic beverages (instant coffee and cocoa, packaged juices, and other nonalcoholic drinks, excluding soft drinks) were also significantly related to incident frailty.ConclusionsConsumption of ultra-processed foods is strongly associated with frailty risk in older adults. Substituting unprocessed or minimally processed foods for ultra-processed foods would play an important role in the prevention of age-related frailty.Trial registrationNCT02804672.
Trade-off of resolution and variance computed from ensembles of solutions, with application to Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods
Authors: Menke William , Blatter Daniel 
Published: May 2019

SUMMARY
We consider the case where the ‘solution’ to an inverse problem is an ensemble (e.g. drawn from the conditional probability density function $p( {{{\bf m}}|{{{\bf d}}^{obs}}} )$ of M model parameters ${{\bf m}}$ given observed data ${{{\bf d}}^{obs}}$). Here we presume that the ${{\bf m}}$s have a natural ordering, say in position x, so that ‘resolution’ means the ability of the inverse problem to distinguish physically adjacent model parameters. The trade-off curve for resolution and variance is constructed using the following steps: (1) the single solution ${{{\bf m}}^{est}}$ and its covariance ${{{\bf C}}_m}$ are estimated as the ensemble mean and covariance; (2) the eigenvalue decomposition ${{{\bf C}}_m} = {\rm{\ }}{{{\bf V} {\boldsymbol \Lambda} }}{{{\bf V}}^{\rm{T}}}$ is computed and the submatrix ${{{\boldsymbol \Lambda }}^{( N )}}$ of the N smallest eigenvalues, and submatrix ${{{\bf V}}^{( N )}}$of the N corresponding eigenvectors, are formed; (3) the equation ${{{\boldsymbol \mu }}^{( N )}} = {{{\boldsymbol \Phi }}^{( N )}}\ {{\bf m}}$ with ${{{\boldsymbol \mu }}^{( N )}} = [ {{{{\bf V}}^{( N )}}} ]{\boldsymbol{\ }}{{{\bf m}}^{est}}$and${{{\boldsymbol \Phi }}^{( N )}} = {[ {{{{\bf V}}^{( N )}}} ]^{\rm{T}}}$ is formed, as is its covariance ${{\bf C}}_\mu ^{( N )} = {{{\boldsymbol \Lambda }}^{( N )}}{\boldsymbol{\ }}$; (4) the equation is solved to yield a localized average ${\langle {{\bf m}} \rangle ^{( N )}} = \ {{{\boldsymbol \Phi }}^{ - g}}{{{\boldsymbol \mu }}^{( N )}}$, where ${{{\boldsymbol \Phi }}^{ - g}}$ is either the minimum length or Backus–Gilbert generalized inverse of ${{\boldsymbol \Phi }}$; (5) the resolution and covariance are computed as ${{{\bf R}}^{( N )}} = {{{\boldsymbol \Phi }}^{ - g}}{\boldsymbol{\ }}{{{\boldsymbol \Phi }}^{( N )}}$ and ${{\bf C}}_m^{( N )} = {{{\boldsymbol \Phi }}^{ - g}}{\boldsymbol{\ }}{{\bf C}}_\mu ^{( N )}{( {{{{\boldsymbol \Phi }}^{ - g}}} )^{\rm{T}}}$; (6) the spread ${K^{( N )}}$ of resolution and size ${J^{( N )}}\ $of covariance are computed using either the Dirichlet or Backus–Gilbert measures and (7) the process is repeated for $1 \le N \le M$ to build up the trade-off curve $K( J )$. We show that, in the Dirichlet case, ${K^{( N )}} = \ M - N$ and ${J^{( N )}} = \ {\rm{tr}}( {{{{\boldsymbol \Lambda }}^{( N )}}} )$. We also consider the case where the model parameters correspond to spline coefficients and a sequence ${y_i}( {{{\bf m}},{x_i}} )$ derived from these coefficients possesses natural ordering. Layered models are an example of such a parametrization. We construct the trade-off curve for ${{\bf y}}$ by converting each member of the ensemble from ${{\bf m}}$ to ${{\bf y}}$ and applying the above procedure to them. We demonstrate the method by applying it to several simple examples.