bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changing properties of extreme flood in Xiliugou River Basin, China
Authors: Dang Suzhen , Yao Manfei , Yin Huijuan , Dong Guotao 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Based on the annual maximum flood discharge sequence of the Longtouguai hydrological station in the Xiliugou River Basin from 1960 to 2015, the statistical probability characteristics of extreme flood discharge were analyzed by using generalized extreme value (GEV) distribution, generalized Pareto (GP) distribution, Pearson type III (P-III) distribution, general logistic (GLO), and Burr distribution. The parameters were estimated by the L-moments method, and the optimal distributions were selected by some of goodness-of-fit method. The results showed that the annual maximum flood discharge series decreased significantly with an abrupt change point around 2005. From the L-moments and goodness-of-fit test method, Burr distribution can better fit the annual maximum flood discharge before and after the abrupt change. Compared with the sequence before the change, the return period becomes larger and the probability of severe flood is smaller. The designed maximum flood peak discharge for the same return period of the entire sequence is smaller than that of the sequence before the change.
Problems Existing in the Operation Energy Saving of Central Heating Pipe Network and Solutions
Authors: Lv Xue , Qi Junfeng , Zhang Lingyue 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
In recent years, in the country vigorously advocate energy conservation and environmental protection call, all industries have made a positive response. As the largest part of the building energy consumption of the largest consumer of social energy, central heating energy saving operation will be a difficult task facing us at present, and the energy saving of heating pipe network is just an important link that cannot be ignored in the energy saving of heating system. Therefore, this paper will mainly discuss and analyze the energy consumption links existing in the pipe network of central heating system, and put forward the corresponding optimization and transformation measures.
Research on Corporate Social Responsibility from the Perspective of Low-carbon Economy and Sustainable Development
Authors: Cao Li 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Low-carbon economy and sustainable development are the foundation of the enterprise healthy and long-term development, which is also an expression of the enterprises to fulfill social responsibility. However, due to the weak enterprise environment responsibility consciousness, the government regulation is not comprehensive, lacking of enterprise stakeholders which will further push and causes the environment responsibility of corporate social responsibility performance. This paper provides new ideas and methods for the research on the fulfillment of corporate social responsibility from the perspective of low-carbon economy and sustainable development.
Application of exhaust heat recovery in energy saving of HVAC
Authors: Pei Xiang 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The research, development and application of energy-saving technologies are the basis of HVAC system energy saving. The recycling of the energy contained in exhaust air can achieve greater economic and environmental benefits. This article analyzes the waste heat recovery technology, and mainly analyzes the technical feasibility and energy saving of the application of fresh air and exhaust energy recovery system in the design stage of the HVAC system. From the setting of the sensible heat recovery system and the setting of the total heat energy recovery system, the energy consumption reduction of the HVAC system is analyzed, and it is proposed that the exhaust heat recovery technology has greater potential for energy conservation.
Decoupling Analysis of Economic Growth and Carbon Emissions from the Perspective of City Scale
Authors: Zhang Caijing , Lu Na , Chen Yang 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The cities of China are different in scale, studying the decoupling relationship between economic growth and carbon emissions, and the influencing factors will help to achieve China’s “low carbon economy” development strategy. In this paper, the Tapio decoupling model is used to study the decoupling relationship between carbon emissions and economic growth in six different scale cities, including Shanghai, Wuhan, Xianyang, Qinhuangdao, Shizuishan and Jinchang. The conclusions are as follows: the greater the scale of the city, the stronger ability of decoupling; compared with the population, the per capita GDP, the industrial structure has the most positive effect on the decoupling; only the energy intensity has a negative effect, but the effect is greater. Therefore, we should focus on industrial structure optimization and energy intensity reduction.
Evolution and Inspiration of Saudi Arabian Energy Strategy
Authors: Junshu Feng , Xiaoqing Yan 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Saudi Arabia has rich oil resource and accounts for one sixth of the world’s oil reserve, around which its energy strategy has been evolved to oil. This paper firstly reviewed and examined the evolution of Saudi Arabian energy policy by taking into account of the critical role of Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) in this process. Then how Saudi Arabia had acquired a dominant position in OPEC and how this affect the future of OPEC were discussed. Finally, some recommendations with respect to the energy strategy of other countries were given.
Research on the strategic framework and path design of Global energy interconnection standardization
Authors: Li Yun , Zhao Wenhui , Gao Yongfeng , Li Zhen 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
As the main way of global energy supply in the future, the global energy interconnection will bring great impact on economic and social development. In order to give full play to the role of standardization, determine the specific implementation plan, and realize the overall strategy and deployment of the long-term goal of global energy Internet, this paper first summarizes the formulation and status of the strategic planning of the international standardization organization. By referring to the experience of international Organization, global energy interconnection’s strategic framework in the field of international energy standardization was constructed, and the path to realize global energy interconnection standardization strategy was designed. Finally, based on the future development of global energy Internet, this paper puts forward the proposal of standardized strategic planning.
Energy Saving Analysis of Circulating Water Waste Heat Recovery from Water Source Heat Pump
Authors: Ma Chuang , Ren Jianxing , Li Fangqin , Hou Xin , Feng Haijun , Zhang Xiaotong 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
By analyzing the way of circulating water-water source heat pump heating and direct pumping heat supply, the water source heat pump recovers low-grade power plant circulating water waste heat, which has significant energy saving potential. The water source heat pump technology is used to recover the residual heat of circulating water in low-temperature power plants, realizing the conversion of energy from low grade to high grade, in line with the principle of energy cascade utilization. The critical parameters of water source heat pump heating are better than conventional heating by calculation and analysis. The actual example shows that when the pumping temperature reaches 188 °C, the water source heat pump is more energy efficient than the pumping heat.
Formation characteristics of ultra fine particles during oxy-coal combustion with flue gas recirculation
Authors: Yongjun Xia , Linguo Chen , Jun Wang , Rui Cai , Zixing Tan 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
A laboratory-scale oxy-fuel combustion experimental apparatus was built up to simulate the real oxy-fuel combustion. Under conditions with three kinds of recycles (no-RFG, de-ash and ash), combustion experiments of DT bituminous coal (rich in Si and Al) and SH bituminous coal (rich in Ca) were conducted to investigate the influence of recycled ash on formation of ultrafine particle matters. The results show that, compared with the no-RFG condition, under condition with de-ash flue gas recycle, the yields of ultrafine particle matters of the DT and SH coal were both basically invariant, while that under condition with ash recycle decreased by about 12.03% (DT coal) and 7.73% (SH coal), respectively. Under condition with ash recycle, the silicon aluminate, which was rich in the ash of DT coal, would absorb the Na and K vapor released during the combustion, and the rich CaO in the SH coal may also absorb the S element during the combustion to restrain the S from migrating to the ultrafine particles, both of the reactions decreased the formation of the ultrafine particles.
The discussion of Well Selection and Layer Selection Method on Polymer Flooding Fracturing in Class II Reservoir
Authors: Yingying Zhang 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The main purpose of oil well fracturing is to alleviate the intra-layer contradiction and tap the remaining oil at the top of the thick reservoir for the primary reservoir. Aiming the problem such as long polymer injection interval, several layers, serious heterogeneity in plane and vertical in Class II reservoir, the main purpose of fracturing is to alleviate the plane and interlayer contradiction and tap the remaining oil at the edge of the buried river channel and at the position of inter-river variation. Because of the differences in geological characteristics and fracturing purposes, the method of selecting wells and layers for the primary reservoir has some inadaptability in the application of the Class II reservoir. In order to improve the fracturing effect of polymer flooding in Class II reservoir, it is necessary to explore the method of well selection and layer selection, in order to suitable for polymer flooding in Class II reservoir.
Hybrid Modeling of Central Air-Conditioning Cold Source System Energy Consumption with K-means Cluster Algorithm
Authors: Zhou Zhihao 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Gray box model and artificial neural network (ANN) model of central air-conditioning cold source system have been established with simulation data to predict system operation energy consumption and compare the prediction accuracy difference of models under variable training data. A hybrid model is proposed to combine gray box model and ANN model based on K-means cluster algorithm. The results show that ANN model has higher prediction accuracy than gray box model when the membership of model input variables to trained input data is greater than 0.4. Otherwise, the gray box model has higher energy consumption prediction accuracy. Compared with gray box model and ANN model, prediction accuracy of hybrid model increases 27.7% and 33.85% on average under different training data.
Research on the Transformation and Upgrading of China’s Recycling Resources Industry
Authors: Jin-xuan Qiao 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era, and the economy is in a critical period of transformation and upgrading. The renewable resources industry has been given new missions and requirements. The renewable resource industry is a fundamental change to the extensive development model of “mass production, mass consumption, and mass abandonment” in China, and is also the basic way to conserve resources and protect the environment. This paper explores the new situation and existing problems in the development of renewable resources industry, and proposes the path of transformation and upgrading of renewable resources industry. This provides a strong support and reference for the formulation of renewable resource industry planning and development strategies.
Methods and research status of energy consumption analysis and optimization for coal-fired generator units
Authors: Zhang Yuanshu , Zhao Yuzhu , Chen Hao , Wu Xi , Meng Fanyang 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Reducing the energy consumption of coal-fired generator units (CFGN) is an inevitable choice for the transformation of the power industry to low-carbon. Starting from the analysis of the energy consumption evaluation index of CFGN, the main factors affecting the energy consumption of CFGN are analysed. It is proposed that the operation optimization is an important way to reduce the energy consumption of CFGN. From the aspects of hierarchical measurement and reconstruction of process parameters, the establishment of equipment thermodynamic characteristic model, and the determination of benchmark operating conditions, the methods and research status of energy consumption analysis and operation optimization of CFGN are discussed. It is pointed out that the application of data mining information technology is the development direction of CFGN operation optimization.
Investigation and Survey on the Standardization of China’s carbon emission trading market Based on the Enterprise Demand Analysis
Authors: Guo Huiting , Liu Mei , Zhang Sinan , Yang Ming , Zhao Xuezhi 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
In 2017, China’s carbon emission trading market was officially launched. This paper investigates on the needs of carbon emission standardization in key industrial fields such as chemical industry, building material industry and paper industry. To provide the standardized support for the stability, expansion and sustainable development of China’s carbon emission trading market, this paper proposes the direction of the standardization construction that is urgently needed by key industries in China’s carbon emission transaction.
Risk factor of secretory immunoglobulin A and salivary lysozyme level in children aged under 3 years to severe early childhood caries
Authors: Primasari A , Octiara E , Yanti N 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Severe Early Childhood Caries (SECC) is a significant dental health problem in various countries. The caries pathology process is affected by saliva status. An important antimicrobial component in saliva is sIgA preventing the attachment of bacteria to enamel and lysozyme capability to act as an antibacterial by hydrolyzing bacterial polysaccharide walls. The aim of the study is to compare the sIgAlevel and salivary lysozyme between children with caries free and suffering from SECC, aged under 3 years. This study is an observational analytic with cross sectional design. Saliva samples were collected unstimulated from 68 children. Examination of sIgA level and salivary lysozyme used ELISA sandwich technique. Data were analysed using Mann-Whitney and Kruskal Wallis, while correlation test used Spearman. The results showed,there was no significant differencein sIgAlevel between caries-free children and SECC children (p > 0.05). It has been found that in caries-free children have a higher mean lysozyme level than SECC children. It has been found a medium correlation between deft and lysozyme level (r = -0.492). In conclusion, lysozyme level was a risk factor for the incidence of SECC in children aged under 3 years. The higher deft status, the lower lysozyme level of the child.
Utilization of plants colonized by mycorrhizal fungi to reduce Lead in the soil: Greenhouse study
Authors: Delvian  
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Utilization of plants and soil microbes in rejuvenating heavy metal-polluted soil is one of interesting topic and environmental-friendly technology. The study aimed to evaluate the role of arbuscular mycorrhiza (Glomus intraradices) in promoting growth of Vetiver zizanioides and Cynodon dactylon under various concentration of Lead (0, 100, 400 and 800 mg.kg-1). All fungal cultures were grown in greenhouse for ten weeks. Several plant growth promoting parameters and Lead content were examined. Tested plants were able to grow under all lead concentrations while V. zizanioides showed the highest growth than C. dactylon. Lead content decreased in all treatments while V. zizanioides also showed the highest accumulation of lead than C. dactylon. The results showed that inoculation of mycorrhiza were able to lower negative impacts of lead to plants with varying degree.
Antioxidant Effect of Clerodendrum sp and Acanthus illicifolius Methanol Extraction on Blood Profile of Male Mice Induced by Benzo(α)pyrene
Authors: Widiastuti Endang Linirin , Arifianti Rizka , Khairani Iffa A. , Christianto Y. , Ara Naufallia F. , Maharani Henni W. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBenzo(α)pyrene is one of carcinogenic PAH substances which commonly produced by many different sources of polutant. The study was conducted in order to determine the effect of methanol extraction ofClerodendrumsp andAcanthus illicifoliuswhich known to be two of common mangrove plants on the blood profile of male mice induced by benzo(α)pyrene (one of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon/PAH). Thirty male mice(Mus musculus)ofddystrain from Lampung Vetenary Agency were used to conduct the study. Completely randomized design was assigned for this study. Mice were grouped into 5 different group treated with PAH injection, one groups used as control without any injection, one as postitif group with PAH injection but not given with any methanol extraction and the last three group were given with methanol extraction ofClerodendrumandAcanthusand taurine prior PAH injection. All the animal study were kept in room temperature with 12:12 light cycle and fed and waterad libitum.Observation of their blood cells and protein profile was made after 14 days. Data was analyzed byOne-WayAnova at 5% followed by Fisher’s at level of p < 0.05. The study showed that methanol extraction ofClerodendrum, Acanthusand taurine were able to return back either the number of redblood or whiteblood cells. However, the protein profile of the blood was not able to show any differences among treatment groups from which 14 different bands were observed under SDS-PAGE method.
Enhancing the efficiency of ethanol production from molasses using immobilized commercial Saccharomyces cerevisiae in two layer alginate-chitosan beads
Authors: Sebayang Firman , Bulan Rumondang , Hartanto Adrian , Huda Adri 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The commercial Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been successfully inoculated and immobilized in the present study. The immobilization was conducted through a double layer encapsulated method in which 3% of alginate and 1% of chitosan become the first and second layer, respectively. The light microscopy confirmed that the inoculated-cell was dispersed and spread well in the alginate layer as the first layer. The interaction between alginate-chitosan was confirmed by Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR), and the results demonstrated the physical interaction without forming any chemical interaction and binding in the immobilized cell. The immobilized cell was then used for producing ethanol from molasses through the batch fermentation process. The immobilized cell can successfully convert the glucose to ethanol and used for three cycles of fermentation before finally being saturated. The saturated was generated by breaking down of the chitosan layer generated by cell proliferation. The layer breakage forms the fouling as the effect of absorbed molasses in the surface of layer. However, the fermentation using immobilization cells provides the high-efficiency process by converting high percentages of ethanol yield production and solve the post-treatment process.
The Utilization of Sugar Palm (Arenga pinnata) by The People Around Batang Gadis Nasional Park Area
Authors: Azhar I , Risnasari I , Muhdi  , Srena M F , Riswan  
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Sugar palm (Arenga pinnata) is a non-timber forest species that has long been known as multi benefits plant. Almost all physical and production parts of this plant can be used and have economic value. Juice sap, palm fruit, leaves, palm fiber, and stems is harvested and collected for both commercial and household use yielding some products. This study has objective to identify the potential and utilization of sugar palm (Arenga pinnata) in Pastap Julu village around the Batang Gadis National Park area. The utilization of sugar palm (Arenga pinnata) is studied by applying a method of collecting data with questionnaires and interviews to the community. The results of this study indicate that the most popular parts of sugar palm (Arenga pinnata) harvested by community in Pastu Julu village is male flower section or locally called nira, a traditional sweet cold drink, and is also then processed into palm sugar. Another part collected are female flower section which converted into fruit sweets, leaves for bird cages, and palm stem which is utilized as a fiber brooms.
Morphological and Simple Sequence Analysis of Tangerine (Citrus nobilis L.) From Three Regencies in North Sumatra
Authors: Nurwahyuni Isnaini , Pangaribuan Naomi Clara , Hannum Saleha 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Tangerine or Mandarin orange (Citrus nobilis L) is a well known citrus in the world and becomes a fruit commodity in Indonesia. Various types of local tangerine have been produced with different name depends on the village and Regency where the citrus are grown. However, the information about the genetic variation of the citrus are limited. The research is aimed to study the genetic similarity of the local tangerines by using morphological and simple sequence analysis. The research was carried out by collecting citrus samples from eight villages that are spread in three Regencies at North Sumatera. The morphological characteristic of the citrus are documented, and the DNA are analyze by using simple sequence repeat (SSR) for their genetic variation. The results have revealed that different tangerines (local named as Brastepu, Maga, Sipirok) are having similar morphological characters. The protein in the DNA are containing 48 bands (100 bp-300 bp), consisted of 30 polymorphic bands and 18 monomorphic bands, and have compared to four DNA primers. Analysis of the genetic diversity by using NTsys software found that they are clustered on 0.74 similarity coefficient value and the local citrus are devided into 3 groups. The lowest genetic distance on the Sibanggor Tonga with Baringin Siumuran was 0.63 (63%), meanwhile the highest distance was 1.0 (100%) on Huta Namale with Huta Lombang, Aek Kambiri, and Aek Horsik..