bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cutting Edge: Role of MASP-3 in the Physiological Activation of Factor D of the Alternative Complement Pathway
Authors: Hayashi Manabu , Machida Takeshi , Ishida Yumi , Ogata Yusuke , Omori Tomoko , Takasumi Mika , Endo Yuichi , Suzuki Toshiyuki , Sekimata Masayuki , Homma Yoshimi , Ikawa Masahito , Ohira Hiromasa , Fujita Teizo , Sekine Hideharu 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The complement system, a part of the innate immune system, can be activated via three different pathways. In the alternative pathway, a factor D (FD) plays essential roles in both the initiation and the amplification loop and circulates as an active form. Mannose-binding lectin–associated serine proteases (MASPs) are key enzymes of the lectin pathway, and MASP-1 and/or MASP-3 are reported to be involved in the activation of FD. In the current study, we generated mice monospecifically deficient for MASP-1 or MASP-3 and found that the sera of the MASP-1–deficient mice lacked lectin pathway activity, but those of the MASP-3–deficient mice lacked alternative pathway activity with a zymogen FD. Furthermore, the results indicate that MASP-3 but not MASP-1 activates the zymogen FD under physiological conditions and MASP-3 circulates predominantly as an active form. Therefore, our study illustrates that, in mice, MASP-3 orchestrates the overall complement reaction through the activation of FD.
Spectrality of a Class of Moran Measures
Authors: Chen Ming-Liang , Liu Jing-Cheng , Su Juan , Wang Xiang-Yang 
Published: August 2019

AbstractLet $\{M_{n}\}_{n=1}^{\infty }$ be a sequence of expanding matrices with $M_{n}=\operatorname{diag}(p_{n},q_{n})$, and let $\{{\mathcal{D}}_{n}\}_{n=1}^{\infty }$ be a sequence of digit sets with ${\mathcal{D}}_{n}=\{(0,0)^{t},(a_{n},0)^{t},(0,b_{n})^{t},\pm (a_{n},b_{n})^{t}\}$, where $p_{n}$, $q_{n}$, $a_{n}$ and $b_{n}$ are positive integers for all $n\geqslant 1$. If $\sup _{n\geqslant 1}\{\frac{a_{n}}{p_{n}},\frac{b_{n}}{q_{n}}\}<\infty$, then the infinite convolution $\unicode[STIX]{x1D707}_{\{M_{n}\},\{{\mathcal{D}}_{n}\}}=\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FF}_{M_{1}^{-1}{\mathcal{D}}_{1}}\ast \unicode[STIX]{x1D6FF}_{(M_{1}M_{2})^{-1}{\mathcal{D}}_{2}}\ast \cdots \,$ is a Borel probability measure (Cantor–Dust–Moran measure). In this paper, we investigate whenever there exists a discrete set $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6EC}$ such that $\{e^{2\unicode[STIX]{x1D70B}i\langle \unicode[STIX]{x1D706},x\rangle }:\unicode[STIX]{x1D706}\in \unicode[STIX]{x1D6EC}\}$ is an orthonormal basis for $L^{2}(\unicode[STIX]{x1D707}_{\{M_{n}\},\{{\mathcal{D}}_{n}\}})$.
Predictions of diffusion rates of large organic molecules in secondary organic aerosols using the Stokes–Einstein and fractional Stokes–Einstein relations
Authors: Evoy Erin , Maclean Adrian M. , Rovelli Grazia , Li Ying , Tsimpidi Alexandra P. , Karydis Vlassis A. , Kamal Saeid , Lelieveld Jos , Shiraiwa Manabu , Reid Jonathan P. , Bertram Allan K. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract. Information on the rate of diffusion of organic molecules
within secondary organic aerosol (SOA) is needed to accurately predict the
effects of SOA on climate and air quality. Diffusion can be important for
predicting the growth, evaporation, and reaction rates of SOA under certain
atmospheric conditions. Often, researchers have predicted diffusion rates of
organic molecules within SOA using measurements of viscosity and the
Stokes–Einstein relation (D∝1/η, where D is the diffusion
coefficient and η is viscosity). However, the accuracy of this
relation for predicting diffusion in SOA remains uncertain. Using
rectangular area fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (rFRAP), we
determined diffusion coefficients of fluorescent organic molecules over
8 orders in magnitude in proxies of SOA including citric acid, sorbitol,
and a sucrose–citric acid mixture. These results were combined with
literature data to evaluate the Stokes–Einstein relation for predicting
the diffusion of organic molecules in SOA. Although almost all the data agree
with the Stokes–Einstein relation within a factor of 10, a fractional
Stokes–Einstein relation (D∝1/ηξ) with ξ=0.93
is a better model for predicting the diffusion of organic molecules in the SOA
proxies studied. In addition, based on the output from a chemical transport
model, the Stokes–Einstein relation can overpredict mixing times of organic
molecules within SOA by as much as 1 order of magnitude at an altitude
of ∼3 km compared to the fractional Stokes–Einstein relation with ξ=0.93. These results also have implications for other areas such as in
food sciences and the preservation of biomolecules.
Development and Optimization of a Pulsed Electroacoustic System with Temperature Controlled Electrodes
Authors: Hussain Rashid , Hinrichsen Volker 
Published: August 2019

This work presents the important steps in developing and optimizing a Pulsed Electroacoustic (PEA) system. The aim is to investigate silicone rubbers (LSR) with different amount of nanofillers. Therefore, the influence of the nanofillers on the acoustic behavior such as the acoustic impedance and the speed of sound are investigated. A detailed description of the acoustic detection unit is provided. To allow the measurement at different absolute temperatures and also at temperature gradients the electrodes are temperature controlled. Reference measurements are performed to give a better and more accurate temperature profile estimation inside the samples. The influence of temperature on the attenuation and dispersion factors of different LSR samples is outlined. A final procedure for signal processing is presented to determine the correct space charge distribution.
Dictiones inacabadas: Los manuscritos de El desierto prodigioso y prodigio del desiertoUnfinished Dictions: The Manuscripts of El desierto prodigioso y prodigio del desierto
Authors: Alvarado María Piedad Quevedo 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This article approaches the two manuscripts of El desierto prodigioso y prodigio del desierto from their unfinished and incomplete condition, and the way their materiality reshape and deepen our understanding of aspects such as authorship, poetic authority, and visuality, which are central in the construction of the text as much as in the complexity of the colonial experience of the New Kingdom of Granada.
Porno blando, política dura: los Cadernos de curiosidades de Catarina de BragançaSoft Porn, Hard Politics: Catherine of Bragança's Cadernos de curiosidades
Authors: Torrejón José Miguel Martínez 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
A study of two Curiosity chapbooks that bring together most disparate elements articulated only in relation to Queen Catherine of Bragança (1638-1705): her wedding to Charles II of England justify the presence of the epitalamic components (celebratory poems on the political dimensions of the event, erotic and eschatologic poetry); documents relative to the destitution of her brother, Afonso VI of Portugal; poetry and documents on the queen's support for Portuguese Jews and converts; formulae and instructions of interest to decorative arts, pastimes and plays with words. By been yuxtaposed, all these elements engage in a dialogue that allow readings different from the meanings each entry has separately.
Un impresor seducido por sor Juana: Los textos de las sueltas novohispanas publicados por José Llopis en Poemas (1691)A Printer Seduced by Sor Juana: The Texts of New Spain Sueltas Published by Joseph Llopis in Poemas (1691)
Authors: Lechuga David Galicia , Reyna Jorge Gutiérrez 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This paper focuses on the three series of villancicos and the auto sacramental titled El divino Narciso that were first published in Spain in a reedition of the first volume of the works of sor Juana Inés de la Cruz (Barcelona: Joseph Llopis, 1691). These texts had circulated in New Spain as sueltas and were published again with changes in the Segundo volumen (Sevilla: Tomás Lopez de Haro, 1692). In order to determine the sources from which Llopis took these texts and his intentions in bringing them to the press, this paper aims, firstly, to underscore the textual differences among witnesses in order to establish relationships among them; secondly, to interpret relevant information regarding book trade and the dissemination of books in New Spain, as well as Llopis's own editorial practices.
Phytochemicals, In vitro Bioavailability of Beta Carotene and Anti-nutrient Composition of Some Neglected Underutilized Green Leafy Vegetables and Fruits in South East Geo-political Zone of Nigeria
Authors: Umerah N. N. , Nnam N. M. 
Published: August 2019

Background/Objective: Vegetables and fruits are important sources of protective substances, which are highly beneficial for the maintenance of good health and prevention of diseases. Phytochemicals are non-nutritive plant chemicals that have protective or disease preventive properties. The study was designed to determine the phytochemicals, In-vitro-bioavailability of beta carotene and anti-nutrient composition of some neglected underutilized fruits and vegetables in Southeast geopolitical zone of Nigeria.
Methodology: The frequently occurred underutilized fruits and vegetables were selected for the study. The food crops were harvested and identified at the Herbarium in the Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology, University of Nigeria Nsukka. Twenty underutilized fruits and vegetables each were cleaned and analysed for phytochemicals, In vitro bioavailability of beta carotene and anti-nutrients composition using standard methods. Data were presented using descriptive statistics, percentage, mean, standard deviation and frequency.
Results: The result showed that 0 - 40% of beta carotene were bioavailable in the fruits studied. The antinutrient levels in fruits were cyanide (0.02-3.47 mg), oxalate 1.22-12.38 mg and phytate traces- 12.60 mg. The range of phytochemicals in the fruits were tannins trace-10.40 mg, flavonoids 0-0.10%, saponins trace-0.051 mg, lycopene trace-94.20 mg, and phenol 0-4.01mg. The antinutrient levels in vegetables were cyanide 0.35-13.20 mg, oxalate 2.27-24.69 mg and phytate traces- 2.57 mg. The result showed that 22- 68.80% of beta carotene were bio available in the vegetables studied. The phytochemicals in the vegetables were tannins 0.10-10.30 mg, flavonoids trace-0.20%, saponins trace-0.10 mg, lycopene trace-31.20 mg and phenol 0.01-3.31 mg.
Conclusion: The use of these neglected fruits and vegetables is imperative because of their nutritional and health benefit.
Quality Evaluation of Ogi from Acha (Digitaria exilis), Soybean (Glycine max) and Carrot (Daucus carota L.) Composite Flour
Authors: Ukeyima Moses Terkula , Acham Israel Okpunyi , Awojide Comfort Temitope 
Published: August 2019

Ogi was produced from composite flour of fermented Acha, roasted Soybean and Carrot. The raw materials were blended in varying proportions. Proximate composition, functional properties and sensory characteristics of the formulated Ogi samples were evaluated. The results of the proximate composition showed a significant increase in moisture (5.36% to 9.94%), protein (3.94% to 16.98%), fat (1.89% to 10.23%), crude fiber (1.80% to 3.12%) and ash (0.35% to 0.99%); while a decrease was observed in carbohydrate (86.66% to 58.74%) with increase in supplementation with roasted Soybean flour and constant addition of carrot flour along with the milk flavor. The functional properties showed significant increase in foam capacity (5.99% to 7.97%), Swelling index (2.46 v/v to 3.08 v/v) and Least gelation capacity (8.10% to 14.0%); while a decrease was observed in bulk density (0.84 g/mL to 0.72 g/mL), water absorption capacity (1.40% to 1.10%) and foaming stability (3.39% to 2.79%). Sensory characteristics result revealed that there was no significant difference (p<0.05) in aroma and overall acceptability with increasing incorporation of roasted Soybean flour and constant addition of Carrot flour with milk flavor. Aside the control sample (containing 100% fermented Acha flour) there was preference for Sample C (70% fermented Acha flour: 15% roasted Soybean flour: 10% Carrot flour: 5% Milk flavor) and Sample D (60% fermented Acha flour: 25% roasted Soybean flour: 10% `Carrot flour: 5% Milk flavor) in terms of color (6.65 and 6.25), taste (6.95 and 6.35), aroma (6.45 and 6.30), mouth feel (6.10 and 6.35) and overall acceptability (6.50 and 6.50) respectively, among the blend formulations. Supplementation of fermented Acha with roasted Soybean and Carrot flour considerably increased the protein and fat contents of the blend; hence Soybean should be used for supplementation of cereal based product in order to improve their nutritional composition.
Modeling the Metal–Insulator Phase Transition in LixCoO2 for Energy and Information Storage
Authors: Nadkarni Neel , Zhou Tingtao , Fraggedakis Dimitrios , Gao Tao , Bazant Martin Z. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAn electro‐chemomechanical phase‐field model is developed to capture the metal–insulator phase transformation along with the structural and chemical changes that occur in LixCoO2 in the regular operating range of 0.5 < x < 1. Under equilibrium, in the regime of phase coexistence, it is found that transport limitations lead to kinetically arrested states that are not determined by strain‐energy minimization. Further, lithiation profiles are obtained for different discharging rates and the experimentally observed voltage plateau is observed. Finally, a simple model is developed to account for the conductivity changes for a polycrystalline LixCoO2 thin film as it transforms from the metallic phase to the insulating phase and a strategy is outlined for memristor design. The theory can therefore be used for modeling LixCoO2‐electrode batteries as well as low voltage nonvolatile redox transistors for neuromorphic computing architectures.
Recent Advances in Transistor‐Based Artificial Synapses
Authors: Dai Shilei , Zhao Yiwei , Wang Yan , Zhang Junyao , Fang Lu , Jin Shu , Shao Yinlin , Huang Jia 
Published: August 2019

AbstractSimulating biological synapses with electronic devices is a re‐emerging field of research. It is widely recognized as the first step in hardware building brain‐like computers and artificial intelligent systems. Thus far, different types of electronic devices have been proposed to mimic synaptic functions. Among them, transistor‐based artificial synapses have the advantages of good stability, relatively controllable testing parameters, clear operation mechanism, and can be constructed from a variety of materials. In addition, they can perform concurrent learning, in which synaptic weight update can be performed without interrupting the signal transmission process. Synergistic control of one device can also be implemented in a transistor‐based artificial synapse, which opens up the possibility of developing robust neuron networks with significantly fewer neural elements. These unique features of transistor‐based artificial synapses make them more suitable for emulating synaptic functions than other types of devices. However, the development of transistor‐based artificial synapses is still in its very early stages. Herein, this article presents a review of recent advances in transistor‐based artificial synapses in order to give a guideline for future implementation of synaptic functions with transistors. The main challenges and research directions of transistor‐based artificial synapses are also presented.
Realization of Quantum Hall Effect in Chemically Synthesized InSe
Authors: Yuan Kai , Yin Ruoyu , Li Xinqi , Han Yimo , Wu Meng , Chen Shulin , Liu Shuai , Xu Xiaolong , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Muller David A. , Shi Junjie , Gao Peng , Wu Xiaosong , Ye Yu , Dai Lun 
Published: August 2019

AbstractRecently, 2D electron gases have been observed in atomically thin semiconducting crystals, enabling the observation of rich physical phenomena at the quantum level within the ultimate thickness limit. However, the observation of 2D electron gases and subsequent quantum Hall effect require exceptionally high crystalline quality, rendering mechanical exfoliation as the only method to produce high‐quality 2D semiconductors of black phosphorus and indium selenide (InSe), which hinder large‐scale device applications. Here, the controlled one‐step synthesis of high‐quality 2D InSe thin films via chemical vapor transport method is reported. The carrier Hall mobility of hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) encapsulated InSe flakes can be up to 5000 cm2 V−1 s−1 at 1.5 K, enabling to observe the quantum Hall effect in a synthesized van der Waals semiconductor. The existence of the quantum Hall effect in directly synthesized 2D semiconductors indicates a high quality of the chemically synthesized 2D semiconductors, which hold promise in quantum devices and applications with high mobility.
Supercapacitors in Motion: Autonomous Microswimmers for Natural‐Resource Recovery
Authors: Beladi‐Mousavi Seyyed Mohsen , Khezri Bahareh , Matějková Stanislava , Sofer Zdeněk , Pumera Martin 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAn electroadsorption technique similar to the ultrafast charging mechanism in supercapacitors is utilized to remove metals with different sizes and hydrophilicities from contaminated water using self‐propelled microswimmers. The swimmers carry graphite fibre or bismuth with a layered crystal structure providing high electrostatic double‐layer capacitances. Unlike previous methods, this electrochemical technique does not only utilize the surface of the swimmers, but due to the interlayer spacing of the graphite and bismuth, it is able to store metals in ≈400 layers, allowing removal and recovery of >50 ppm lithium in only 5 min. A larger interlayer distance between bismuth sheets allows the removal of bigger cations (sodium and calcium), expanding the application of this method to a large variety of natural elements. Finally, magnetic navigation of charged swimmers to an oxygen‐saturated media causes oxidation and thus immediate release of the metal ions from the swimmers.
Crystal‐to‐Gel Transformation Stimulated by a Solid‐State E→Z Photoisomerization
Authors: Tong Fei , Chen Shaolong , Li Zhiwei , Liu Mingyue , Al‐Kaysi Rabih O. , Mohideen Umar , Yin Yadong , Bardeen Christopher J. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe molecule (E)‐(5‐(3‐anthracen‐9‐yl‐allylidene)‐2,2‐dimethyl‐[1,3] dioxane‐4,6‐dione) (E‐AYAD) undergoes E→Z photoisomerization. In the solid state, this photoisomerization process can initiate a physical transformation of the crystal that is accompanied by a large volume expansion (ca. 10 times), loss of crystallinity, and growth of large pores. This physical change requires approximately 10 % conversion of the E isomer to the Z isomer and results in a gel‐like solid with decreased stiffness that still retains its mechanical integrity. The induced porosity allows the expanding gel to engulf superparamagnetic nanoparticles from the surrounding liquid. The trapped superparamagnetic nanoparticles impart a magnetic susceptibility to the gel, allowing it to be moved by a magnetic field. The photoinduced phase transition, starting with a compact crystalline solid instead of a dilute solution, provides a new route for in situ production of functional porous materials.
A Genetically Encoded, Phage‐Displayed Cyclic‐Peptide Library
Authors: Wang Xiaoshan Shayna , Chen Peng‐Hsun Chase , Hampton J. Trae , Tharp Jeffery M. , Reed Catrina A. , Das Sukant K. , Wang Duen‐Shian , Hayatshahi Hamed S. , Shen Yang , Liu Jin , Liu Wenshe Ray 
Published: August 2019

AbstractSuperior to linear peptides in biological activities, cyclic peptides are considered to have great potential as therapeutic agents. To identify cyclic‐peptide ligands for therapeutic targets, phage‐displayed peptide libraries in which cyclization is achieved by the covalent conjugation of cysteines have been widely used. To resolve drawbacks related to cysteine conjugation, we have invented a phage‐display technique in which its displayed peptides are cyclized through a proximity‐driven Michael addition reaction between a cysteine and an amber‐codon‐encoded Nϵ‐acryloyl‐lysine (AcrK). Using a randomized 6‐mer library in which peptides were cyclized at two ends through a cysteine–AcrK linker, we demonstrated the successful selection of potent ligands for TEV protease and HDAC8. All selected cyclic peptide ligands showed 4‐ to 6‐fold stronger affinity to their protein targets than their linear counterparts. We believe this approach will find broad applications in drug discovery.
Control of Multicolor and White Emission by Adjusting the Equilibrium between Fluorophores, Lewis Acids, and Their Complexes in Polymers
Authors: Mori Toshiaki , Yoshigoe Yusuke , Kuninobu Yoichiro 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMulticolor emissive materials consisting of a single luminophore, a Lewis acid, and their complex were developed. The emission colors can be tuned by changing the concentration of the solution and the ratio of mixed solvents. Various emission colors in the solid state were observed when the complexes were added to polymers in different amounts. The color change is due to equilibrium disruption between the single luminophore, the Lewis acid, and the complex thereof. White emission was observed by appropriately controlling the equilibrium by changing the amount of the complex in the polymer.
Redox‐Neutral Coupling between Two C(sp3)−H Bonds Enabled by 1,4‐Palladium Shift for the Synthesis of Fused Heterocycles
Authors: Rocaboy Ronan , Anastasiou Ioannis , Baudoin Olivier 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe intramolecular coupling of two C(sp3)−H bonds to forge a C(sp3)−C(sp3) bond is enabled by 1,4‐Pd shift from a trisubstituted aryl bromide. Contrary to most C(sp3)−C(sp3) cross‐dehydrogenative couplings, this reaction operates under redox‐neutral conditions, with the C−Br bond acting as an internal oxidant. Furthermore, it allows the coupling between two moderately acidic primary or secondary C−H bonds, which are adjacent to an oxygen or nitrogen atom on one side, and benzylic or adjacent to a carbonyl group on the other side. A variety of valuable fused heterocycles were obtained from easily accessibleortho‐bromophenol and aniline precursors. The second C−H bond cleavage was successfully replaced with carbonyl insertion to generate other types of C(sp3)‐C(sp3) bonds.
New less toxic zeolite‐encapsulated Cu(II) complex nanomaterial for dual applications in biomedical field and wastewater remediation
Authors: Shebl Magdy , Khalil Saied M.E. , Kishk Mona A.A. , El‐Mekkawi Doaa M. , Saif M. 
Published: August 2019

A new dual‐functional Cu(II) complex and its nanohybrid form encapsulated into NaY zeolite cavities were synthesized. The synthesized compounds were characterized using elemental analyses, X‐ray fluorescence, infrared, 1H NMR, electronic, electron spin resonance and mass spectra, powder X‐ray diffraction, surface area and transmission electron microscopy in addition to conductivity and magnetic susceptibility measurements. The encapsulated Cu(II) complex was catalytically tested for degradation of industrial wastewater. The decolorization and mineralization results indicate that the Cu(II) complex encapsulated into zeolite host is an effective heterogeneous catalyst for real industrial wastewater remediation. In addition, both free and encapsulated Cu(II) complexes were tested as anti‐microbial and anti‐tumour agents. The results show that the Cu(II) complex encapsulated into zeolite has a high activity (IC50 = 14.4 μg ml−1). The results of in vivo toxicity experiments indicate that the Cu(II) complex encapsulated into zeolite is a less toxic biocompatible material (LD50 = 1245 mg kg−1). The catalytic properties, cytotoxicity and toxicity of the new nanohybrid Cu(II) complex encapsulated into zeolite make it a promising eco‐friendly and biocompatible material for water remediation and biomedical applications.