bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maize Yield Response to Nitrogen Rates and Sources Associated with Azospirillum brasilense
Authors: Galindo Fernando S. , Teixeira Filho Marcelo C. M. , Buzetti Salatiér , Pagliari Paulo H. , Santini José M. K. , Alves Cleiton J. , Megda Marcio M. , Nogueira Thiago A. R. , Andreotti Marcelo , Arf Orivaldo 
Published: May 2019

Core Ideas
Urea with N‐(n‐butyl thiophosphoric) triamide provided similar effects to conventional urea in tropical edaphoclimatic conditions.Azospirillum brasilense increased maize grain yield, independently of the nitrogen source.Seed inoculation increase maize grain yield even with high nitrogen rates.Inoculation with A. brasilense increases profit in maize production.
New studies are needed to optimize the nitrogen amount that can be applied to utilize the Azospirillum brasilense benefits in maize cropping systems. In addition, information regarding the interaction between the urease inhibitor N‐(n‐butyl) thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT) and biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) and how they affect the crop development and yield is also needed. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of rates and sources of N in combination with A. brasilense, on leaf chlorophyll index (LCI), N leaf concentration, production components, and maize grain yield in the Brazilian Cerrado region. The study was performed in a Typic Rhodic Hapludox under no‐tillage system. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with four replications arranged in a 2 × 5 × 2 factorial scheme: two N sources (urea and urea with NBPT) and five N rates (0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 kg ha−1), with and without A. brasilense inoculation. The increase in N rates significantly enhance LCI, N leaf concentration, plant height, ear diameter, mass of 100 grains, and grain yield. No significant differences were observed among the N sources. Inoculation with A. brasilense increased LCI, stem diameter, ear length, and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), with a positive effect on grain yield. The increase in N rate up to 200 kg ha‐–1 with A. brasilense inoculation increased grain yield, independently of the N source. The application of 100 kg ha−1 of N as urea, with inoculation of A. brasilense produced the highest profit in maize production.
Soil Texture and Precipitation Influence Optimal Time of Nitrogen Fertilization for Corn
Authors: Spackman Jared A. , Fernandez Fabián G. , Coulter Jeffrey A. , Kaiser Daniel E. , Paiao Gabriel 
Published: May 2019

Core Ideas
Soil texture and precipitation largely impact split fertilizer application efficacy.Split fertilizer application consistently increased grain yield in irrigated sands.In fine‐texture and well distributed rain, split application should be done by V8.In fine‐texture and poor distributed rain, split application made no yield difference.Corn response to split application was greater in coarse‐textured than fine‐textured soils.
In‐season N fertilization is increasingly being used as a management strategy to reduce risk of N loss to the environment. This study evaluated the optimal timing for a split N fertilizer application in corn (Zea mays L.) across different environments and soil textural classes in Minnesota. Treatments consisted of pre‐plant (PP) urea applied at 0 to 270 or 315 kg N ha−1 on increments of 45 kg N ha−1 and five split applications (SA) of 45 kg N ha−1 urea ammonium nitrate as starter fertilizer and 90 kg N ha−1 of urea with an urease inhibitor applied at the V2, V4, V6, V8, or V12 stage of corn phenological development. Site‐years were grouped according to grain yield response to fertilizer timing. Irrigated coarse‐textured soils produced 1.5‐ to 1.9‐fold greater grain yield when fertilizer was split applied from V4 to V12 due to improved synchrony of N availability to crop demand and reduced potential for NO3–N leaching. Rainfed, fine‐textured soils had mixed results. Site‐years receiving well‐distributed precipitation produced greater grain yield when fertilizer was split applied from V2 to V8, but early season N deficiency reduced yield for the V12 application. Site‐years with limited precipitation during the late vegetative through grain filling stages of corn had no improvement in grain yield or N use efficiencies for SA because dry soil conditions likely interfered with root development and made N fertilizer positionally unavailable to the crop. This study highlights that the success of SA is largely dictated by soil texture and precipitation.
Radiation Use Efficiency of Forage Resources: A Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Druille Magdalena , Oyarzabal Mariano , Oesterheld Martín 
Published: May 2019

Core Ideas
This is the first meta‐analysis of radiation use efficiency (RUE) of forage resources.RUE was most responsive to genotype, followed by N, water and light availability.Mean intraspecific differences were as large as interspecific ones.Most responses of RUE to the environment depended on the level of other factors.These results will enhance the accuracy of radiation‐based plant growth models.
Forage production is increasingly monitored through models based on remote sensing. Radiation use efficiency (RUE) is a key input to these models. However, no study has synthesized the published values of RUE of forage resources. Our objective was to quantitatively synthesize through a meta‐analysis the variation of RUE of forage resources and its main controls. We gathered 496 RUE values and assessed their variation according to genotype, resource availability and phenological stage. Mean RUE was 1.93 ± 1.2 g of dry matter (DM) per megajoule of intercepted photosynthetically active radiation (IPAR) (±SD). The RUE was most responsive to genotype and to direct and indirect manipulations of resource availability. Within genotype treatments, mean effect size of C4 species identity, cultivar identity and C3 species identity was 61, 58, and 42%, respectively. Within resource availability treatments, mean effect size was 43% for N fertilization, 40% for shading and inter‐annual environmental variation and 23% for irrigation and defoliation frequency. For the phenology treatment, mean effect size of reproductive vs. vegetative stage did not differ from zero. This large variability implies a challenge to select RUE values as input to estimate productivity through plant‐growth models, such as those based on remote sensing, but also highlight the margin for increasing RUE through breeding and management practices.
Bazı Seçilen Ferrit Seramikler İçin Radyasyon Soğurma Parametrelerinin Hesaplanması
Authors: TURHAN Mehmet Fatih , AKDEMİR Fatma , AKMAN Ferdi , ARAZ Aslı , DURAK Rıdvan 
Published: May 2019

Ferrit seramikleri nispeten düşük maliyetli, üretilmesi kolay, mükemmel korozyon ve demanyetizasyon direnci özelliklerinden dolayı en yaygın kullanılan kalıcı mıknatıs malzemeleridir.Ferrit seramikler tıbbi cihazlarda, manyetik terapide, manyetik oyuncaklarda, hoparlörlerde, mikrofonlarda, ses sistemlerinde, kalıcı manyetik aktüatörlerde, watt-saat metrelerde, sensörlerde, ceptelefonlarında, elektrik motorlarında, vb. kullanılırlar. Bu çalışmada 1 keV ile 100 GeV enerji aralığında BaFe12O19, SrFe12O19, Y3Fe5O12, LiFeO2 için kütle soğurma katsayıları, moleküler tesirkesitleri, atomik tesir kesitleri, elektronik tesir kesitleri, etkin atom numaraları ve etkin elektron yoğunlukları incelenmiştir. Soğurma parametrelerinin değişimi fotoelektrik etki, Compton saçılması veçift oluşum süreçleriyle yorumlanmıştır.
Polipropilen Lif ile Rastgele Donatılandırılan Bir CH Kil Zemininin Donma-Çözülme Çevrimlerinde Serbest Basınç Dayanımının Araştırılması
Authors: ÇALIK Yasin , AKBULUT Rahim Kağan , ZAİMOĞLU Ahmet Şahin , YETİMOĞLU Temel 
Published: May 2019

Katkı ve donatı malzemeleri, ince ve kaba daneli zeminlerin bazı mühendislik özelliklerini iyileştirmek amacı ile uygulamada sıkça kullanılmaktadır. Fakat sınırlı sayıdaki çalışmada ayrık polimerlifler ile donatılı ince daneli zeminler konu edilmiştir. Bu çalışmada, yüksek plastisiteli bir kil (CH) zemin içerisine rastgele dağıtılmış farklı uzunluktaki (3 mm, 6 mm ve 12 mm) polipropilen liflerin donma çözülme davranışı üzerindeki etkilerini araştırmak için laboratuvarda bir seri serbest basınç ve donma çözülme deneyleri yapılmıştır. Polipropilen lif oranı, donatılı zeminin toplam kuru ağırlığının %0.15,%0.20 ve %0.25’i olarak seçilmiştir. Bu oranlar her bir propilen lif uzunluğu için aynı seçilmiştir. Donma çözülme çevrim sayısı 1, 3, 5 ve 10 olarak alınmıştır. Yapılan deneyler sonucunda polipropilen lif uzunluğu arttıkça her bir donma-çözülme çevriminde başlangıç elastisite modülünün azaldığı belirlenmiştir. Donatılı numuneler, daha düktil bir davranış sergilemiştir. %0.15 ve %0.20 polipropilen lifle donatılandırılmış zemin numunelerinin 1, 3 ve 5 çevrim sayılarında donma-çözülme dayanımının azaldığı görülmüştür.
Testosterone Replacement Therapy Has Limited Effect on Increasing Bone Mass Density in Older Men: a Meta-analysis
Authors: Junjie Wang , Dongsheng Hao , Lei Sun , Hongzhuo Li , Changying Sun 
Published: May 2019

Background:Testosterone insufficiency may play a role in age-related decreases in bone mass density (BMD) and osteoporosis in aging men. Testosterone replacement therapy (T therapy) seems to be a simple and convenient way to increase BMD and improve the condition of osteoporosis.Objective:To evaluate the effects of T therapy in increasing BMD among older men with low serum testosterone concentrations.Methods:A comprehensive search in the PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science and Cochrane Central databases was undertaken for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the effect of T therapy on osteoporosis in aging men. Primary outcome measures were the change in BMD, bone turnover markers, prostate symptoms, body composition, metabolic and endocrine system markers. The final search was performed in October 2018.Results:Seven RCTs were included. A total of 800 patients met the inclusion criteria. T therapy did not significantly reverse the trend toward decreasing BMD in the spine, femoral neck, Ward’s triangle and the whole body, with the exception of the trochanter and total hip. In addition, T therapy increased prostate size, lean mass, sex hormone levels; reduced HDL concentration; and had no statistical effect on prostate symptoms, body composition, serum hormones and metabolism.Conclusion:T therapy is not effective in increasing BMD in older men. In addition, it has limited effects on prostate-specific antigen (PSA), the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), body mass index (BMI), fat mass, parathyroid hormone (PTH), 25-VitD and lipid metabolism, although it can increase prostate size, lean mass, and sex hormone levels, and reduce glucose levels and HDL concentrations.
Griseofulvin Derivatives: Synthesis, Molecular Docking and Biological Evaluation
Authors: Kartsev Victor , Geronikaki Athina , Petrou Anthi , Lichitsky Boris , Kostic Marina , Smiljkovic Marija , Soković Marina , Sirakanyan Samvel 
Published: May 2019

Background:Griseofulvin - a mold metabolite produced by Penisilium griseofulvum is known as an antifungal drug.Objective:Thus, the goal of this paper is the design and synthesis of new griseofulvin derivatives and evaluation of their antifungal activity.Methods:Forty-two new compounds were synthesized using classical methods of organic synthesis and evaluated for their antimicrobial activity by microdilution method.Results:All forty-two new compounds exhibited very good activity against eight tested micromycetes with MIC ranging from 0.0075-0.055 mg/ml and MFC from 0.02-024 mg/ml. All compounds exhibited better activity than reference drugs ketoconazole (7-42 times) and bifonazole (3-16 fold). The most promising was compound 15. The most sensitive fungal was found to be T. viride, while the most resistant, as was expected, was A. fumigatus. It should be mentioned that most of compounds exhibited better activity than griseofulvin.:The molecular docking studies revealed that the most active compound have the same hydrophobic and H-bonding interactions with Thr276 residue observed for griseofulvin forming 3 hydrogen bonds while griseofulvin only one. In general, the molecular docking results coincide with experimental.Conclusion:Forty-two giseofulvin derivatives were designed, synthesized and evaluated for antimicrobial activity. These derivatives revealed good antifungal activity, better than reference drugs ketoconazole, bifonazole, and griseofulvin as well.
Частотная зависимость коэффициента поглощения электромагнитного излучения в магнитной жидкости
Authors: Гареев К.Г. , Лучинин В.В. , Севостьянов Е.Н. , Тестов И.О. , Тестов О.А. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe samples of water-based magnetic fluid, which contain Fe_3O_4–SiO_2 particles with a spherical shape and sizes less than 100 nm, have been obtained. The method based on using a transmission line has been applied to measure the electromagnetic absorption coefficient in the frequency range from 0.1 to 18.0 GHz using a measuring setup based on horn antennas and the cell based on a coplanar transmission line. It has been found that magnetic fluids can be used to produce electromagnetic shields and electromagnetic wave absorbers as well as means to carry out local hyperthermia at electromagnetic radiation frequencies higher than 7 GHz.
PENERAPAN MODEL DISCHARGE PLANNING TERSTRUKTUR DAN HOME CARE DALAM MENINGKATKAN SELF CARE PENDERITA TUBERKULOSIS PARU DI RUMAH SAKIT UMUM DAERAH BIMA NUSA TENGGARA BARAT
Authors: Muhtar Muhtar , Haris Abdul , Aniharyati Aniharyati 
Published: May 2019

Latar Belakang: Penyakit TB merupakan masalah kesehatan masarakat di seluruh dunia dan menjadi penyebab kematian ketiga terbesar setelah penyakit kardiovaskuler dan penyakit saluran pernafasan, dan merupakan nomor satu terbesar dalam kelompok penyakit infeksi. Penerapan discharge planning terstruktur melalui 5 (lima) tahap langkah kegiatan dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan, kesadaran dan perilaku perawatan diri (self care) penderita TB paru selama menjalani pengobatan TB yang biasanya berlangsung sampai 6 bulan.
Tujuan : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan pengaruh penerapan model discharge planning terstruktur dan home care dalam meningkatkan self care penderita tuberkulosis paru di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Bima.
Metode: Menggunakan randomized control group pretest posttest design, penelitan ini melibatkan dua kelompok subjek yaitu kelompok perlakuan dan kelompok kontrol yang dilakukan randomisasi. Populasi dalam penelitan ini adalah semua penderita TB paru yang menjalani rawat inap di RSUD Bima selama tahun 2017 yang tersebar di dua ruangan yaitu ruangan penyakit dalam dan ruangan perawatan isolasi. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan tehnik non probability sampling yaitu purposive sampling. Analisis data menggunakan statistik non parametris Wilcoxon sign rank test dan Mann-Whitney test, hipotesis alternatif diterima bila nilai p ≤ 0,05.
Hasil: Self care demand dan self care agency penderita TB paru mengalami peningkatan, uji Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test dan uji Mann-Whitney Test menunjukan nilai p<0,05, yang berarti ada pengaruh penerapan model discharge planning terstruktur dan home care dalam meningkatkan self care penderita tuberkulosis.
Kesimpulan: ada pengaruh penerapan model discharge planning terstruktur dan home care terhadap self care demand penderita TB paru di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Bima.
Evaluation of approximate comparison methods on Bloom filters for probabilistic linkage
Authors: Brown Adrian P , Randall Sean M , Boyd James H , Ferrante Anna M 
Published: May 2019

Introduction The need for increased privacy protection in data linkage has driven the development of privacy-preserving record linkage (PPRL) techniques. A popular technique using Bloom filters with cryptographic analyses, modifications, and hashing variations to optimise privacy has been the focus of much research in this area. With few applications of Bloom filters within a probabilistic framework, there is limited information on whether approximate matches between Bloom filtered fields can improve linkage quality.
Objectives In this study, we evaluate the effectiveness of three approximate comparison methods for Bloom filters within the context of the Fellegi-Sunter model of recording linkage: Sørensen–Dice coefficient, Jaccard similarity and Hamming distance.
Methods Using synthetic datasets with introduced errors to simulate datasets with a range of data quality and a large real-world administrative health dataset, the research estimated partial weight curves for converting similarity scores (for each approximate comparison method) to partial weights at both field and dataset level. Deduplication linkages were run on each dataset using these partial weight curves. This was to compare the resulting quality of the approximate comparison techniques with linkages using simple cut-off similarity values and only exact matching.
Results Linkages using approximate comparisons produced significantly better quality results than those using exact comparisons only. Field level partial weight curves for a specific dataset produced the best quality results. The Sørensen-Dice coefficient and Jaccard similarity produced the most consistent results across a spectrum of synthetic and real-world datasets.
Conclusion The use of Bloom filter similarity comparisons for probabilistic record linkage can produce linkage quality results which are comparable to Jaro-Winkler string similarities with unencrypted linkages. Probabilistic linkages using Bloom filters benefit significantly from the use of similarity comparisons, with partial weight curves producing the best results, even when not optimised for that particular dataset.
PENGARUH PEMBELAJARAN QUANTUM TEACHING BERBANTU POWERPOINT TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATERI CAHAYA KELAS VIII SEMESTER II SMP SWASTA HKBP SIDORAME MEDAN T.P. 2013/2014
Authors: Panjaitan Desy Christina N. , Nasution Derlina 
Published: May 2019

The purpose of this research is to find out the effect of student’s outcomes by using Quantum Teaching assisted powerpoint. The average value of student outcomes treated by using Quantum Teaching assisted powerpoint is 68.27 and the conventional learning is 57.25. The learning activities of students during the learning by using Quantum Teaching assisted powerpoint including active criteria with the percentage 64.13% . Based of the calculation of t test analysis, which tcount>ttable = (3,866 > 1,67), so that there is a significant difference to the student’s outcomes by using Quantum Teaching assisted learning powerpoint . Key Words: Quantum Teaching learning, activities, learning outcomes.
THE EFFECT OF PROBLEM BASED LEARNING MODEL ON STUDENT’S LEARNG OUTCOMES IN STATIC FLUID TOPIC OF CLASS X SMA NEGERI 3 MEDAN ACADEMIC YEAR 2013/2014
Authors: Kamelia Evi , Motlan Motlan 
Published: May 2019

The aim of this research is to knowthe effect of the problem based learning model on student’s learning outcomes in static fluids topic.The research method is quasi experiment. The populations are all of students in class X MIA semester II SMA N. 3 Medan, that consist of 14 classes. The sample of this research was taken by cluster random sampling technique, class X MIA-4was experimental class used problem based learning model that consist of 38 students, and class X MIA-5 as control class used conventional learning, consist 40 students. Instruments that used in this research were multiple choose test instrument and psychomotor and affective observation sheet. The data obtained from the test was analyzed by statistical analysis t-test. Based on observation result by using affective and psychomotor observation sheet of studentsshown that there was significant increasing on experimentalclass.So,it can be concluded that the student’slearning outcomes using problem based learning model greater than conventional learning of static fluid topic of class X SMA N.3 Medan academic year 2013/2014. Keywords : Problem Based Learning Model, Student’sLearning Outcomes
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS MASALAH DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN ANIMASI MACROMEDIA FLASH TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATERI POKOK GERAK LURUS DI KELAS X SMA
Authors: . ‘Raminah , Harahap Mara Bangun 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran berbasis masalah dengan menggunakan animasi makromedia flash terhadap hasil belajar siswa pada materi pokok Gerak Lurus di kelas X SMA Negeri 11 Medan T.P. 2014/2015.Jenis penelitian ini adalahkuasi eksperimen. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas XSMA yang terdiri dari lima kelas. Sampel penelitian ini diambil dua kelas yaitu kelas X MIA-2(sebagai kelas eksperimen) dan kelas X MIA-1 (sebagai kelas kontrol) yang masing-masing berjumlah 40 siswa yang ditentukan dengancluster random sampling. Kemudian diberikan perlakuan yang berbeda yaitu kelas eksperimen dengan model pembelajaran berbasis masalah dengan menggunakan animasi makromedia flash dan kelas kontrol dengan pembelajaran konvensional. Sebelum diberikan perlakuan, terlebih dahulu dilakukan uji normalitas dan uji homogenitas. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah tes essai, jumlah soal 8 item yang telah dinyatakan valid oleh validator.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh nilai rata-rata postes siswa pada kelas eksperimen lebih tinggi dibandingkan kelas kontrol. Hasil observasi menunjukkan bahwa nilai aktivitas dan keterampilan siswa pada kelas eksperimen diperoleh cukup baik sedangkan nilai aktivitas siswa pada kelas kontrol diperoleh kurang baik. Melalui uji hipotesis satu pihak diperoleh bahwa pengaruh model pembelajaran berbasis masalah dengan menggunakan animasi makromedia flash terhadap hasil belajar siswa lebih tinggi daripada pembelajaran konvensional. KataKunci: Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah, Gerak Lurus, Animasi Makromedia Flash, Hasil Belajar Siswa.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN INKUIRI MENGGUNAKAN SIMULASI PhET TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATERI POKOK OPTIKA GEOMETRIS DI KELAS X SMAN 2 KABANJAHE T.P. 2014/2015
Authors: Panggabean Jonny Haratua , Tampubolon Ira Kesuma Sari 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran inkuiri menggunakan simulasi PhET terhadap hasil belajar siswa pada materi pokok Optika Geometris di kelas X SMAN 2 Kabanjahe T.P. 2014/2015. Jenis penelitian ini adalah quasi experiment dengan two group pre-test and pos-test design. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan cara cluster random sampling dengan mengambil dua kelas dari lima kelas secara acak, yaitu kelas X PMIA-3 sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas X PMIA-4 sebagai kelas kontrol. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa tes hasil belajar dalam ranah kognitif berbentuk uraian yang terdiri dari 8 soal yang sudah divalidasi dan lembar observasi untuk mengukur aktivitas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada pengaruh model pembelajaran inkuiri menggunakan simulasi PhET terhadap hasil belajar. Rata-rata keseluruhan nilai aktivitas belajar siswa adalah 68,23% termasuk kategori cukup aktif. Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada perbedaan akibat pengaruh model pembelajaran inkuiri menggunakan simulasi PhET terhadap hasil belajar dan aktivitas belajar siswa pada materi pokok Optika Geometris di kelas X SMAN 2 Kabanjahe T.P. 2014/2015. Kata kunci : model pembelajaran inkuiri dan hasil belajar.