bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A review of clinical reasoning in nursing education: based on high-fidelity simulation teaching method
Authors: Luo Qiao-Qian , Petrini Marcia A 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Objective
Clinical reasoning is an essential feature of health care practice; it is also a crucial ability for providing patient care of high quality. It has been identified that graduate nurses may lack the clinical reasoning skills to deliver safe and effective patient care. It is therefore of paramount importance to enhance nursing students' clinical reasoning ability. High-fidelity simulation (HFS) is proved to be an effective teaching and learning method, which may also have some advantages over other teaching methods.

Methods
The authors retrospectively reviewed the related literature, illustrated the application of high-fidelity simulation teaching method in nursing education, putting the focus on the use of it in teaching with clinical reasoning.

Results
The application of high-fidelity simulation to nursing education can simulate the clinical situation, thus to create a safe, continuous and efficient learning environment for students, and it can effectively improve students' clinical reasoning ability.

Conclusions
high-fidelity simulation is effective for clinical reasoning teaching in nursing education. The extension of its application in China should be of great value. The relevant further study is suggested focusing on how to overcome its own limitations and have it better applied in nursing education in China.
Effects of parental involvement in infant care in neonatal intensive care units: a meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Ting-Ting , Lei Meng-Jie , Li Yu-Feng , Liu Ya-Qian , Meng Li-Na , Jin Chang-De 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Objective
This meta-analysis aimed to examine the effects of parental involvement in infant care in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs).

Methods
PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang database, and VIP database were searched till November 2017. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and controlled clinical trials (CCTs) examining the effect of parental involvement in the NICU were considered for inclusion.

Results
We included 10 studies (three RCTs, seven CCTs) with a total of 1,851 participants. The meta-analysis demonstrated that there were no statistically significant differences on nosocomial infection between two groups (risk ratio [RR] = 0.90, 95% CI 0.63–1.30, P = 0.58). Compared with no parental involvement groups, parental involvement groups showed more weight gain (mean difference [MD] = 1.47, 95% CI 0.65–2.29, P < 0.05), higher breast-feeding rate (RR = 1.38, 95% C11.25–1.53, P < 0.05), lower readmission rate (RR = 0.35, 95% CI 0.15–0.80, P < 0.05), and higher satisfaction rate (RR = 1.09, 95% CI 1.02–1.16, P< 0.05).

Conclusions
Parental involvement in the NICU interventions could not increase the rate of nosocomial infection of neonates, but could improve their weight gain, breast-feeding and parental satisfaction and decrease their readmission. However, since the conclusion of this meta-analysis was drawn based on the limited number of high-quality RCTs, more high-quality studies should be conducted in the future to confirm its positive intervention effects.
Design of State Rail and Bus Transportation Scheme with Bi-Level Optimization Model
Authors: Pavlova K. , Stoilov T. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
The increase of the rail public transportations is searched in directions for redistribution of the passenger travels between rail and bus transportation. The rail transport benefits by increasing it schedule for places where the transportation capacities on appropriate directions is not achieved. A mathematical model has been derived to assess the potential of the rail passenger transport to increase his capacity and efficiency. This potential has been evaluate in comparison with the competition of the bus transportation. A specific transportation route has been chosen from Sofia to Varna and the potential for increase of the rail transport has been evaluated. The mathematical model uses bi-level optimization problem, related to the evaluation of a maximal flow in a transportation network.
Scale Dependent Analytical Investigation of the Dynamic State Index Concerning the Quasi-Geostrophic Theory
Authors: Müller Annette , Névir Peter , Klein Rupert 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
The Dynamic State Index (DSI) is a scalar diagnostic field that quantifies local deviations from a steady and adiabatic wind solution and thus indicates non-stationarity aswell as diabaticity. The DSI-concept has originally been developed through the Energy-Vorticity Theory based on the full compressible flow equations without regard to the characteristic scale-dependence of many atmospheric processes. But such scaledependent information is often of importance, and particularly so in the context of precipitation modeling: Small scale convective events are often organized in storms, clusters up to “Großwetterlagen” on the synoptic scale. Therefore, a DSI index for the quasi-geostrophic model is developed using (i) the Energy-Vorticity Theory and (ii) showing that it is asymptotically consistent with the original index for the primitive equations. In the last part, using meteorological reanalysis data it is demonstrated on a case study that both indices capture systematically different scale-dependent precipitation information. A spin-off of the asymptotic analysis is a novel non-equilibrium time scale combining potential vorticity and the DSI indices.
The fictionalized reader in popular science: reader engagement with the scientific community
Authors: Pilkington Olga A. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractI propose that the fictionalized reader as observed in popular science represents a novel approach to the incorporation of a reader into a non-fiction text. The traditional approach relies on “the reader-in-the-text” – an entity that covertly represents a generalized real reader through author’s voice using evaluation, modalization, concession, and mood among other mechanisms. The findings are based on a comparative analysis of a corpus of 193 occurrences of presented discourse of scientists (extracted from 100 narratives of discovery) and 73 occurrences of presented discourse attributed to the reader (observed outside the narratives). The analysis shows that the fictionalized reader uses presented discourse (speech and thoughts assigned to the reader) to shape a reader-character, who represents a singular individual (as opposed to a generalized audience) with whom a reader can relate. The need for a more concrete reader arises in thought experiments commonly used as explanatory devices in popular science. The fictionalized reader helps popular science authors explain scientific concepts in more engaging terms and contributes to a more interactive and inclusive model of popularization.
Determining Osmotic Suction Using a Chilled Mirror Device
Authors: Wei Yujie , Miller Gerald A. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
To properly define stress states controlling the mechanical and hydraulic behavior of unsaturated soil, osmotic and matric suction should be determined, since they affect soil behavior differently. A novel and simple method is presented for determining osmotic suction in soil using a device that measures pore air relative humidity. The method is developed using a chilled mirror device (CMD) and validated by conducting a series of experiments on three different soils mixed with aqueous solutions with various concentrations of different salts. The proposed method involves determining the water content of an unsaturated sample, mixing it with pure water to achieve saturation, and then determining the total suction and water content at the saturated state. At saturation, the measured total suction is equal to the osmotic suction in the sample; thus, by using the water content and osmotic suction for the saturated sample, the osmotic suction corresponding to the water content in the unsaturated condition can be determined. Also, by determining the total suction of the unsaturated sample before mixing with water, matric suction can be computed. While this method extends the usefulness of the CMD, there are limitations associated with the measurement accuracy of the device and solubility limit of salt in the pore water that are discussed in this article.
Back Analysis of a Recent Progressive Failure in China Three Gorges Reservoir Area: Shanshucao Landslide
Authors: Shang Min , Xu Xin , Zhang Guodong , Yi Qinglin , Ma Rui , Liu Yuting 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
The Shanshucao landslide is a recent landslide that occurred in the China Three Gorges Reservoir area. It is next to the Daling Hydropower Station landslide, one of the geological hazard professional monitoring points in the China Three Gorges Reservoir. The Shanshucao landslide had not shown a significant deformation during recent decades until September 2nd, 2014. On that day, the Shanshucao landslide abruptly started to move at around 9 a.m. local time, stopped at 13:19 p.m., and caused a 43.2 × 104m3 landslide mass which slipped into the Luogudong River, the secondary branch of Yangtze River. Fortunately, the local government gave an efficient early warning and organized a successful emergency evacuation. Nobody was injured or killed in this landslide failure event. The Daling Hydropower Station and its attached buildings were eradicated by the landslide. Posterior to the failure, a newborn free surface occurred on the dip slope. The remaining body of the landslide poses a great threat to the safety of both the village and the Three Gorges Reservoir operation. Subsequently, an emergency monitoring system has been placed on the slope to observe any subsequent deformation. By applying the kinematic model, this article will give a general outlook on the failure event and investigate the geological features which caused the slope instability. Also, the two inclined blocks models are introduced in the back analysis and show a good comparison to the site observation results. This article will provide guidance and suggestion for the stability analysis of similar highly weathered bedded landslides in the China Three Gorges Reservoir area.
Molecular Fingerprinting of On–Off Direction-Selective Retinal Ganglion Cells Across Species and Relevance to Primate Visual Circuits
Authors: Dhande Onkar S. , Stafford Benjamin K. , Franke Katrin , El-Danaf Rana , Percival Kumiko A. , Phan Ann H. , Li Peichao , Hansen Bryan J. , Nguyen Phong L. , Berens Philipp , Taylor W. Rowland , Callaway Edward , Euler Thomas , Huberman Andrew D. 
Published: October 2018

The ability to detect moving objects is an ethologically salient function. Direction-selective neurons have been identified in the retina, thalamus, and cortex of many species, but their homology has remained unclear. For instance, it is unknown whether direction-selective retinal ganglion cells (DSGCs) exist in primates and, if so, whether they are the equivalent to mouse and rabbit DSGCs. Here, we used a molecular/circuit approach in both sexes to address these issues. In mice, we identify the transcription factor Satb2 (special AT-rich sequence-binding protein 2) as a selective marker for three RGC types: On–Off DSGCs encoding motion in either the anterior or posterior direction, a newly identified type of Off-DSGC, and an Off-sustained RGC type. In rabbits, we find that expression of Satb2 is conserved in On–Off DSGCs; however, it has evolved to include On–Off DSGCs encoding upward and downward motion in addition to anterior and posterior motion. Next, we show that macaque RGCs express Satb2 most likely in a single type. We used rabies virus-based circuit-mapping tools to reveal the identity of macaque Satb2-RGCs and discovered that their dendritic arbors are relatively large and monostratified. Together, these data indicate Satb2-expressing On–Off DSGCs are likely not present in the primate retina. Moreover, if DSGCs are present in the primate retina, it is unlikely that they express Satb2.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe ability to detect object motion is a fundamental feature of almost all visual systems. Here, we identify a novel marker for retinal ganglion cells encoding directional motion that is evolutionarily conserved in mice and rabbits, but not in primates. We show in macaque monkeys that retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) that express this marker comprise a single type and are morphologically distinct from mouse and rabbit direction-selective RGCs. Our findings indicate that On–Off direction-selective retinal neurons may have evolutionarily diverged in primates and more generally provide novel insight into the identity and organization of primate parallel visual pathways.
Розвиток духовного потенціалу магістра права в контексті культурологізації освітньо-виховного процесу ЗВО
Authors: Zelisko Lyubov 
Published: October 2018

У статті прослідковуються процеси духовної наповненості особистості магістра права на засадах теоретично-методологічного аналізу культурологічно визначених сутностей освітньо-виховного процесу. Підкреслюється, що тільки духовність визначає магістра права, як повноцінну особистість, котра прагне до реалізації загальнолюдських і національних цінностей у правовому полі.
Training Population Optimization for Prediction of Cassava Brown Streak Disease Resistance in West African Clones
Authors: Ozimati Alfred , Kawuki Robert , Esuma Williams , Kayondo Ismail Siraj , Wolfe Marnin , Lozano Roberto , Rabbi Ismail , Kulakow Peter , Jannink Jean-Luc 
Published: October 2018

AbstractCassava production in the central, southern and eastern parts of Africa is under threat by cassava brown streak virus (CBSV). Yield losses of up to 100% occur in cases of severe infections of edible roots. Easy illegal movement of planting materials across African countries, and long-range movement of the virus vector (Bemisia tabaci) may facilitate spread of CBSV to West Africa. Thus, effort to pre-emptively breed for CBSD resistance in W. Africa is critical. Genomic selection (GS) has become the main approach for cassava breeding, as costs of genotyping per sample have declined. Using phenotypic and genotypic data (genotyping-by-sequencing), followed by imputation to whole genome sequence (WGS) for 922 clones from National Crops Resources Research Institute, Namulonge, Uganda as a training population (TP), we predicted CBSD symptoms for 35 genotyped W. African clones, evaluated in Uganda. The highest prediction accuracy (r = 0.44) was observed for cassava brown streak disease severity scored at three months (CBSD3s) in the W. African clones using WGS-imputed markers. Optimized TPs gave higher prediction accuracies for CBSD3s and CBSD6s than random TPs of the same size. Inclusion of CBSD QTL chromosome markers as kernels, increased prediction accuracies for CBSD3s and CBSD6s. Similarly, WGS imputation of markers increased prediction accuracies for CBSD3s and for cassava brown streak disease root severity (CBSDRs), but not for CBSD6s. Based on these results we recommend TP optimization, inclusion of CBSD QTL markers in genomic prediction models, and the use of high-density (WGS-imputed) markers for CBSD predictions across population.
La importancia del intervalo de la floración en el mejoramiento para la resistencia a sequía en maíz tropical
Authors: Bolaños J. , Edmeades G. O. 
Published: October 2018

The length of the Interval between anthesis and silking (ASI) is increased by drought which coincides with flowering. Four elite CIMMYT lowland tropical populations are undergoing recurrent selection (S1 or full-sib) for improved grain yield and several other traits under drought and well watered conditions. Data collected from more than 200 families per population grown In single row plots under three water stress levels (pre and post-flowering stress; post-flowering stress; normal irrigation, all in the absence of rain) showed weak or no correlation between grain yield and traits related to plant water status, such as leaf rolling and senescence, photooxidation, leaf chlorophyll concentration, shoot elongation rate, canopy temperature and predawn water potential. Yield under all levels of stress was significantly negatively correlated with AST, and as AST increased due to drought, kernels and ears per plant were significantly reduced. In all populations yield decreased by approximately 10 % per day increase in AST up to 8 days. In several stress situations broad-sense heritability of AST was greater than that of grain yield and the genetic correlation between grain yield and AST approached -1.00. Synthetics formed from one population following bidirectional selection and tested under drought showed adaptive advantage of cool canopy temperature, delayed leaf senescence, reduced AST and erect leaves, especially when all were combined with grain yield in a single index during selection. Selection for reduced AST and high grain yield under drought can be an effective means of improving drought tolerance in tropical maize.
Defoliación y remoción de la panoja de sorgo durante la etapa post-antesis y su efecto en el tamaño del grano
Authors: Rodríguez Herrera Raúl , Montes García Noé , Alanis William 
Published: October 2018

Two experiments were conducted to determine the importance of photosynthetic leaf area and panicle size on fina1 grain weight (FGW) in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor Moench). The first experiment consisted in defoliating the three upper (U), intermediate (M), and lower (L) leaves and different combinations (U+M, U+L, M+L, U+M+L), plus a check, at three different times post-anthesis (0, 10 and 20 days). The second experiment consisted in partially removing 0, 20, 40, 60, and 80% of the panicle at the same three times. Experiments were conducted during the spring-summer season of 1989 in Rio Bravo, Tamnulipas, México, using hybrid RB-4000. Results indicated that U and M leaves contributed the most to FGW at anthesis, as their defoliation reduced FGW by 11 and l5% compared to the check. If upper or intermediate leaves were defoliated 10 or 20 days post-anthesis, FGW was reduced by 2S and 2%, respectively. Combined defoliation (U+M, U+M, M+L) during anthesis or 10 days arter reduced FGW more, with tbe treatment U+M+L having the greatest reduction in FGW at any time. Removal of portions of the pnnicle increased FGW, the largest effect being detected during anthesis, followed by 10 and 20 days after.
Fenología y fenometría de una variedad y una línea de frijol (Phaseolus vulgaris) en la zona occidental de El Salvador
Authors: Ventura Elías Rolando 
Published: October 2018

The common bean crop has limiting factors associated with production among which the behavior of atmospheric elements are decisive. This work was conducted from 1987 to 1989 in western El Salvador. Bean varieties 'Rojo de Seda' and APN 83 were planted during in the second cycle (sept-december). The objective of this work was to determine the influence of atmospheric conditions on the development ofthe bean plant and to determine the phonologic stages which serve as a base in the planning and execution of defense mechanisms for integrated management 01" this crop. The phonologic stages which were established were emergence, initial formation of branching, flowering, pod formation, pod filling and maturity. The necessary heat units for each phonological stage were: 12.89, 61.09, 89.08, 99.31, 114.97, and 157.74, respectively (base temperature of 18.9°C). The same variables expressed in days after planting had the Following values: 4.5, 18.3, 28.7, 31.8, 37.3 and 54.2 respectively. Precipitation was the atmospheric clement which influenced production and development of the crop the most The Frequency and distribution were more important than the total amount. Similar adverse effects are also created by warm sub humid tropical climates.
The Effect of Leadhership and Organizational Comitment to Performance of Employees with Working Satisfaction as Intervening Variables in Tanah Lot DTW Management Office
Authors: Erawan I Putu , Agung AA Putu , Martini Luh Kadek Budi 
Published: October 2018

This study aims to test The Influence of Leadership and Organizational Commitment to Employee Performance with Job Satisfaction as a Variable Intervening is carried out at the Dtw Tanah Lot Tabanan Office.
This research is a quantitative research using primary data obtained from questionnaires and measured using a Likert scale. The population of this study were employees at the DTW Tanah Lot Tabanan management office Based on the data obtained at the Tanah Lot DTW management office in Tabanan Regency the number of employees is 40 people which is less than 100, then taken entirely, so the research is population research. (Sample saturated). Data analysis techniques used in this study are Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) based on Partial Least Square (PLS) using the help of the Smart PLS 3.0 program.
The results showed that Leadership has a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction. Organizational commitment has a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction. Leadership has a positive and significant effect on employee performance. Organizational commitment has a positive and significant effect on employee performance. Job satisfaction has a positive and significant effect on employee performance. The effect of mediation on job satisfaction variables on the indirect influence of leadership on employee performance is partial (partial mediation), meaning thatvariable job satisfaction is not a key determinant of the influence of leadership on employee performance at the Tanah Lot Tabanan Tourist Destination (DTW) office. Influence of mediation on job satisfaction variables on indirect effects Organizational commitment to employee performance is partial (partial mediation), meaning that variable job satisfaction is not a key determinant of the influence of leadership on employee performance at the Tanah Lot Tabanan Tourist Destination (DTW) office.
Lipid peroxidation, thiol groups, and total antioxidant capacity in mothers in natural vaginal delivery with and without Entonox: A cohort study
Authors: Ranjbar Akram , Vakilian Katayon 
Published: October 2018

Background and objectives
Considering that very few studies have been conducted on the effect of Entonox on oxidative stress markers, this study was conducted to compare these markers in natural vaginal delivery (NVD) with and without Entonox.

Materials and methods
The present cohort study was conducted on 120 women in maternity wards divided into two groups, including an NVD group with and an NVD group without Entonox. After obtaining the mothers’ written consent, 5 cc of venous blood was taken at the end of their second stage of labor for lipid peroxidation, thiol groups, and total antioxidant capacity tests. The data obtained were analyzed using descriptive (mean) and inferential (t-test) statistics.

Results
Lipid peroxide was 6.267 ± 5.39 in NVD without Entonox and 5.12 ± 3.89 in NVD with Entonox, suggesting the lack of a statistically significant difference (p = 0.191). Thiol marker was 0.34 ± 0.26 in NVD without and 0.26 ± 0.24 in NVD with Entonox, suggesting the lack of a statistically significant difference (p = 0.09).The FRAP results were 0.936 ± 0.696 in NVD without and 1.21 ± 0.89 in NVD with Entonox, suggesting the lack of a statistically significant difference (p = 0.06).

Discussion
Entonox can be safely used in NVD without increasing the risk of oxidative stress.