bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding the engagement of key decision support persons in patient decision making around breast cancer treatment
Authors: Veenstra Christine M. , Wallner Lauren P. , Abrahamse Paul H. , Janz Nancy K. , Katz Steven J. , Hawley Sarah T. 
Published: January 2019

BackgroundPatients with breast cancer involve multiple decision support persons (DSPs) in treatment decision making, yet little is known about DSP engagement in decision making and its association with patient appraisal of the decision process.MethodsPatients newly diagnosed with breast cancer reported to Georgia and Los Angeles Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registries in 2014‐2015 were surveyed 7 months after their diagnosis. The individual most involved in each respondent's decision making (the key DSP) was surveyed. DSP engagement was measured across 3 domains: 1) informed about decisions, 2) involved in decisions, and 3) aware of patient preferences. Patient decision appraisal included subjective decision quality (SDQ) and deliberation. This study evaluated bivariate associations with chi‐square tests between domains of DSP engagement and independent DSP variables. Analysis of variance and multivariable logistic regression were used to compare domains of DSP engagement with patient decision appraisal.ResultsIn all, 2502 patients (68% response rate) and 1203 eligible DSPs (70% response rate) responded. Most DSPs were husbands/partners or daughters, were white, and were college graduates. Husbands/partners were more likely to be more informed, involved, and aware (all P values < .01). English‐ and Spanish‐speaking Latinos had a higher extent of (P = .02) but lower satisfaction with involvement (P < .01). A highly informed DSP was associated with higher odds of patient‐reported SDQ (odds ratio, 1.46; 95% confidence interval, 1.03‐2.08; P = .03). A highly aware DSP was associated with higher odds of patient‐reported deliberation (odds ratio, 1.83; 95% confidence interval, 1.36‐2.47; P < .01).ConclusionsIn this population‐based study, informal DSPs were engaged with and positively contributed to patients’ treatment decision making. To improve decision quality, future interventions should incorporate DSPs.
Progressive resistance training to prevent arm lymphedema in the first year after breast cancer surgery: Results of a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Ammitzbøll Gunn , Johansen Christoffer , Lanng Charlotte , Andersen Elisabeth Wreford , Kroman Niels , Zerahn Bo , Hyldegaard Ole , Wittenkamp Merete Celano , Dalton Susanne Oksbjerg 
Published: January 2019

BackgroundExisting research suggests that progressive resistance training (PRT) after breast cancer (BC) surgery is safe, but the preventive effect on arm lymphedema has yet to be determined.MethodsWomen aged 18 to 75 years who were undergoing BC surgery with axillary lymph node dissection were eligible for the study. Recruited on the day of surgery, participants were allocated to intervention or usual care by computer randomization. The intervention consisted of PRT 3 times per week: in the first 20 weeks as a supervised group exercise and in the last 30 weeks as a self‐administered exercise. The primary outcome was arm lymphedema, which was defined as a >3% increase in the interlimb volume difference by water displacement. Measurements were made at the baseline and at a 12‐month follow‐up by physiotherapists blinded to group allocation. Analyses of effects included t tests and regression models; missing data were addressed by multiple imputation.ResultsAmong the 158 randomized women, no mean group difference was found in arm volume (0.3%; 95% confidence interval, –1.7% to 2.3%) or lymphedema incidence (adjusted odds ratio, 1.2; 95% confidence interval, 0.5‐2.8). None of the participants exited the program because of adverse events.ConclusionsThis study provides no evidence that PRT can prevent arm lymphedema in the first year after BC, but the results corroborate the importance and safety of resistance training for patients, including women at high risk for lymphedema.
Neural system and receptor diversity in the ctenophore Beroe abyssicola
Authors: Norekian Tigran P. , Moroz Leonid L. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAlthough, neurosensory systems might have evolved independently in ctenophores, very little is known about their organization and functions. Most ctenophores are pelagic and deep‐water species and cannot be bred in the laboratory. Thus, it is not surprising that neuroanatomical data are available for only one genus within the group—Pleurobrachia. Here, using immunohistochemistry and scanning electron microscopy, we describe the organization of two distinct neural subsystems (subepithelial and mesogleal) and the structure of different receptor types in the comb jelly Beroe abyssicola—the voracious predator from North Pacific. A complex subepithelial neural network of Beroe, with five receptor types, covers the entire body surface and expands deep into the pharynx. Three types of mesogleal neurons are comparable to the cydippid Pleurobrachia. The predatory lifestyle of Beroe is supported by the extensive development of ciliated and muscular structures including the presence of giant muscles and feeding macrocilia. The obtained cell‐type atlas illustrates different examples of lineage‐specific innovations within these enigmatic marine animals and reveals the remarkable complexity of sensory and effector systems in this clade of basal Metazoa.
A survey of techniques for improving efficiency of mobile web browsing
Authors: Mittal Sparsh , Mattela Venkat 
Published: January 2019

SummaryMobile web traffic has now surpassed the desktop web traffic and has become the primary means for service providers to reach out to the billions of end users. Due to this trend, optimization of mobile web browsing (MWB) has gained significant attention. In this paper, we present a survey of techniques for improving the efficiency of web browsing on mobile systems, proposed in the last 6‐7 years. We review the techniques from both the networking domain (eg, proxy and browser enhancements) and the processor architecture domain (eg, hardware customization and thread‐to‐core scheduling). We organize the research works based on key parameters to highlight their similarities and differences. Beyond summarizing the recent works, this survey aims to emphasize the need of architecting for MWB as the first principle, instead of retrofitting for it.
Trigeminal neuropathic pain development and maintenance in rats are suppressed by a positive modulator of α6 GABAA receptors
Authors: Vasović Dina , Divović Branka , Treven Marco , Knutson Daniel E. , Steudle Friederike , Scholze Petra , Obradović Aleksandar , Fabjan Jure , Brković Božidar , Sieghart Werner , Ernst Margot , Cook James M. , Savić Miroslav M. 
Published: January 2019

Abstractγ‐Aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) receptors containing the α6 subunit are located in trigeminal ganglia, and their reduction by small interfering RNA increases inflammatory temporomandibular and myofascial pain in rats. We thus hypothesized that enhancing their activity may help in neuropathic syndromes originating from the trigeminal system. Here, we performed a detailed electrophysiological and pharmacokinetic analysis of two recently developed deuterated structurally similar pyrazoloquinolinone compounds. DK‐I‐56‐1 at concentrations below 1 µM enhanced γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) currents at recombinant rat α6β3γ2, α6β3δ and α6β3 receptors, whereas it was inactive at most GABAA receptor subtypes containing other α subunits. DK‐I‐87‐1 at concentrations below 1 µM was inactive at α6‐containing receptors and only weakly modulated other GABAA receptors investigated. Both plasma and brain tissue kinetics of DK‐I‐56‐1 were relatively slow, with half‐lives of 6 and 13 hr, respectively, enabling the persistence of estimated free brain concentrations in the range 10–300 nM throughout a 24‐hr period. Results obtained in two protocols of chronic constriction injury of the infraorbital nerve in rats dosed intraperitoneally with DK‐I‐56‐1 during 14 days after surgery or with DK‐I‐56‐1 or DK‐I‐87‐1 during 14 days after trigeminal neuropathy were already established, demonstrated that DK‐I‐56‐1 but not DK‐I‐87‐1 significantly reduced the hypersensitivity response to von Frey filaments.SignificanceNeuropathic pain induced by trigeminal nerve damage is poorly controlled by current treatments. DK‐I‐56‐1 that positively modulates α6 GABAA receptors is appropriate for repeated administration and thus may represent a novel treatment option against the development and maintenance of trigeminal neuropathic pain.
Comparison of two different electrophoretic methods in studying the genetic diversity among plantains (Musa spp.) using ISSR markers
Authors: Marimuthu Somasundaram Saraswathi , Subbaraya Uma , Durairajan Sharmila Gayatri , Rajendran Soundaryan , Gopalakrishnan Jithu , Shahul Hameed Bahrudeen , Palani Durai , Suthanthiram Backiyarani 
Published: January 2019

AbstractInter simple sequence repeat markers were employed for the genotyping of 16 plantain ecotypes. Two different electrophoretic systems namely conventional gel electrophoresis (CVGE) and fully automated high‐resolution CGE were used to evaluate the genetic diversity. Comparative analysis indicated that all parameters related to marker informativeness were higher in CGE except polymorphic information content. But genetic diversity parameters like effective number of alleles, Nei's gene diversity (1973) and Shannon's information index showed higher values (1.52 ± 0.12, 0.34 ± 0.05 and 0.52 ± 0.05, respectively) in CVGE as against CGE (1.29 ± 0.04, 0.22 ± 0.02 and 0.38 ± 0.03, respectively) system. The unweighed pair group method with arithmetic averages was used to obtain the dendrogram for both analyses. The results of dendrogram and principal component analysis were found to be consistent in both systems except for some minor disagreements. The clone‐specific bands could be used in the identification and development of SCAR markers. Inter simple sequence repeat markers used in this study provided sufficient polymorphism and reproducible banding pattern for evaluating the genetic diversity of different plantain ecotypes. Lack of accuracy and consistency of the CVGE warrants the employment of high‐throughput CGE for diversity analysis as it provided better separation of bands with higher resolution.
Security outage performance of partial relay selection in AF mixed RF/FSO system with outdated channel state information
Authors: Odeyemi Kehinde O. , Owolawi Pius A. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIn this paper, the secrecy outage performance of a partial relay selection–based mixed radio frequency/free‐space optical (RF/FSO) system with outdated channel state information is studied. All the RF links are modeled in Rayleigh fading, and the FSO link is subjected to Gamma‐Gamma fading with/or without pointing errors in relation to the two detection techniques such as heterodyne detection and intensity modulation with direct detection. It is assumed that the relay nodes employ fixed gain and variable gain amplified‐and‐forward relaying protocols. Thus, unified cumulative distribution functions of the equivalent end‐to‐end signal to noise ratio for both the AF relaying schemes are then derived. Utilizing the cumulative distribution functions, the closed‐form expressions for the lower bound secrecy outage probability under the two relaying protocols are then obtained for the concerned system. Moreover, the impacts of turbulence, pointing errors, detection techniques, outdated channel state information, and relay selection are investigated. The finding demonstrated that the variable gain relaying mixed RF/FSO system offers much better secrecy performance compared with the fixed gain relaying system. Monte Carlo simulation results are provided to validate the accuracy of the analysis.
Repair Schwann cell update: Adaptive reprogramming, EMT, and stemness in regenerating nerves
Authors: Jessen Kristjan R , Arthur‐Farraj Peter 
Published: January 2019

AbstractSchwann cells respond to nerve injury by cellular reprogramming that generates cells specialized for promoting regeneration and repair. These repair cells clear redundant myelin, attract macrophages, support survival of damaged neurons, encourage axonal growth, and guide axons back to their targets. There are interesting parallels between this response and that found in other tissues. At the cellular level, many other tissues also react to injury by cellular reprogramming, generating cells specialized to promote tissue homeostasis and repair. And at the molecular level, a common feature possessed by Schwann cells and many other cells is the injury‐induced activation of genes associated with epithelial–mesenchymal transitions and stemness, differentiation states that are linked to cellular plasticity and that help injury‐induced tissue remodeling. The number of signaling systems regulating Schwann cell plasticity is rapidly increasing. Importantly, this includes mechanisms that are crucial for the generation of functional repair Schwann cells and nerve regeneration, although they have no or a minor role elsewhere in the Schwann cell lineage. This encourages the view that selective tools can be developed to control these particular cells, amplify their repair supportive functions and prevent their deterioration. In this review, we discuss the emerging similarities between the injury response seen in nerves and in other tissues and survey the transcription factors, epigenetic mechanisms, and signaling cascades that control repair Schwann cells, with emphasis on systems that selectively regulate the Schwann cell injury response.
Trait Openness and serotonin 2A receptors in healthy volunteers: A positron emission tomography study
Authors: Stenbæk Dea Siggaard , Kristiansen Sara , Burmester Daniel , Madsen Martin Korsbak , Frokjaer Vibe Gedsoe , Knudsen Gitte Moos , Fisher Patrick MacDonald 
Published: January 2019

AbstractRecent research found lasting increases in personality trait Openness in healthy individuals and patients after administration of the serotonin 2A receptor (5‐HT2AR) agonist psilocybin. However, no studies have investigated whether 5‐HT2AR availability as imaged using positron emission tomography (PET) is associated with this trait. In 159 healthy individuals (53 females), the association between 5‐HT2AR binding in neocortex imaged with [18F]altanserin or [11C]Cimbi‐36 PET and personality trait Openness was investigated using linear regression models. In these models the influence of sex on the association was also investigated. Trait Openness was assessed with the NEO Personality Inventory‐Revised. No significant associations between neocortical 5‐HT2AR binding and trait Openness were found for [18F]altanserin (p = 0.5) or [11C]Cimbi‐36 (p = 0.8). Pooling the data in a combined model did not substantially change our results (p = 0.4). No significant interactions with sex were found (p > 0.35). Our results indicate that differences in 5‐HT2AR availability are not related to variations in trait Openness in healthy individuals. Although stimulation of the 5‐HT2AR with compounds such as psilocybin may contribute to long‐term changes in trait Openness, there is no evidence in favor of an association between 5‐HT2AR and trait Openness.
Treatment modalities and outcomes of Fanconi anemia patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: Series of 9 cases and review of the literature
Authors: Beckham Thomas H. , Leeman Jonathan , Jillian Tsai Chiaojung , Riaz Nadeem , Sherman Eric , Singh Bhuvanesh , Lee Nancy , McBride Sean , Higginson Daniel S. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackgroundFanconi anemia (FA) is associated with an increased risk of developing head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC) and presents a treatment dilemma due to concerns of increased toxicities from chemotherapy and radiation therapy (RT).MethodsWe reviewed the literature on HNSCC in FA patients and report on our experience treating 9 FA patients with HNSCC.ResultsSurgery was generally well‐tolerated and surgery alone resulted in durable local control for 2 patients. Four patients received adjuvant RT that was tolerable in most cases, although 1 patient required a treatment break and early cessation of RT. Three of the irradiated patients received concurrent cetuximab.ConclusionsIn patients with adverse features, adjuvant radiation with concurrent cetuximab may be feasible with careful monitoring, although local disease control is infrequent. Early detection via screening permitting a surgery‐alone approach represents the best opportunity for cure in FA patients with HSNCC.
Ultraviolet light‐related DNA damage mutation signature distinguishes cutaneous from mucosal or other origin for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma of unknown primary site
Authors: Chan Jason W. , Yeh Iwei , El‐Sayed Ivan H. , Algazi Alain P. , Glastonbury Christine M. , Ha Patrick K. , Yom Sue S. , van Zante Annemieke 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackgroundHead and neck squamous cell carcinoma of unknown primary site (HNSCCUP) is a diagnostic challenge. Identification of an ultraviolet (UV) light‐related DNA damage signature using next‐generation sequencing (NGS) can classify the primary site of origin as cutaneous.MethodsA 62‐year‐old male was seen with 2 months of left neck swelling. He was a lifetime nonsmoker but had a history of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the left helix. He was also found to have left hilar adenopathy. He had a p16‐negative HNSCCUP on fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy of the left neck.ResultsNGS of the FNA specimen revealed a high number of somatic mutations that were mostly C to T transitions, indicating a UV mutation signature and confirming the diagnosis of cutaneous SCC.ConclusionsIdentification of a UV DNA damage signature with NGS distinguishes HNSCCUP of cutaneous vs mucosal or other squamous cell carcinoma origin.
Projected glacier meltwater and river run‐off changes in the Upper Reach of the Shule River Basin, north‐eastern edge of the Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Zhang Zhihua , Deng Shifan , Zhao Qiudong , Zhang Shiqiang , Zhang Xiaowen 
Published: January 2019

AbstractGlacier meltwater change in the north‐eastern edge of the Tibetan Plateau is greatly important for the projection of the impact of future climate change on local water resource management. Although the glaciated area is only approximately 4% of the Upper Reach of the Shule River Basin (URSRB), the average glacier meltwater contribution to river run‐off was approximately 23.6% during the periods 1971/1972 to 2012/2013. A new glacier melting module coupled with the macroscale hydrologic Variable Infiltration Capacity model (VIC‐CAS) was adopted to simulate and project changes in the glacier meltwater and river run‐off of the URSRB forced by downscaled output of the BCC‐CSM1.1(m), CANESM2, GFDL‐CM3, and IPSL‐CM5A‐MR models. Comparisons between the observed and simulated river run‐offs and glacier area changes during the periods 2000/2001, 2004/2006, 2008/2009, and 2012/2013 suggest that the simulation is reasonable. Due to increases in precipitation, the annual total run‐off is projected to increase by approximately 2.58–2.73 × 108 m3 in the 2050s and 0.28–1.87 × 108 m3 in the 2100s compared with run‐off in the 2010s based on the RCP2.6 (low greenhouse gas emission) and RCP4.5 (moderate greenhouse gas emission) scenarios, respectively. The contribution of glacier meltwater to river run‐off will more likely decrease to approximately 10% and less than 5% during the 2050s and 2100s, respectively.
Novel findings on ultrastructural protection of skeletal muscle fibers during hibernation of Daurian ground squirrels: Mitochondria, nuclei, cytoskeleton, glycogen
Authors: Wang Zhe , Jiang Shan‐Feng , Cao Jin , Liu Kun , Xu Shen‐Hui , Arfat Yasir , Guo Quan‐Ling , Chang Hui , Goswami Nandu , Hinghofer‐Szalkay Helmut , Gao Yun‐Fang 
Published: January 2019

AbstractWe examined ultrastructure protective phenomena and mechanisms of slow and fast muscles in hibernating Daurian ground squirrels (Spermophilus dauricus). Some degenerative changes such as slightly decreased sarcomere length and vacuolization occurred in hibernation, but periaxonal capsular borders in intrafusal fibers remained distinct and the arrangement of extrafusal fibers and Z‐lines unscathed. In soleus samples, the number of glycogenosomes more than tripled during hibernation. The expression of phosphorylated glycogen synthase remained unaltered while that of glycogen phosphorylase decreased during hibernation. The number of extensor digitorum longus glycogenosomes decreased and the expression of phosphorylated glycogen synthase decreased, while glycogen phosphorylase expression remained unaltered. The nuclei number remained unchanged. Kinesin and desmin, preventors of nuclear loss and damage, were maintained or just slightly reduced in hibernation. The single‐fiber mitochondrial concentration and sub‐sarcolemmal mitochondrial number increased in both muscle types. The expression of vimentin, which anchors mitochondria and maintains Z‐line integrity, was increased during and after hibernation. Also, dynamin‐related protein 1, mitochondrial fission factor, and adenosine triphosphate synthase were elevated in both muscle types. These findings confirm a remarkable ultrastructure preservation and show an unexpected increase in mitochondrial capacity in hibernating squirrels.
Efficient osteogenic differentiation of the dental pulp stem cells on β‐glycerophosphate loaded polycaprolactone/polyethylene oxide blend nanofibers
Authors: Hosseini Fatemeh Sadat , Enderami Seyedeh Elnaz , Hadian Ali , Abazari Mohammad Foad , Ardeshirylajimi Abdolreza , Saburi Ehsan , Soleimanifar Fatemeh , Nazemisalman Bahareh 
Published: January 2019

AbstractHard tissue lesion treatment in oral and maxillofacial has been challenging because of tissue complexities. This study aimed to investigate novel biopolymeric construct effects on the osteogenic differentiation potential of the dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) for introducing a cell copolymer bioimplant. A blended polycaprolactone (PCL)‐polyethylene oxide (PEO) was fabricated using electrospinning, simultaneously filled by β‐glycerophosphate (β‐GP). After that biocompatibility and release kinetics of the PCL‐PEO+β‐GP was evaluated and compared with PCL‐PEO and then the osteogenic differentiation potential of the DPSCs was examined while being cultured on the scaffolds and compared with those cultured on the culture plate. The results demonstrated that scaffolds have not any cytotoxicity and β‐GP can release in a long‐term manner. Alkaline phosphatase activity and calcium content were significantly increased in DPSCs while being cultured on the PCL‐PEO+β‐GP compared with the other groups. Runt‐related transcription factor 2, collagen type‐I, osteonectin, and osteocalcin (OSC) genes expression was upregulated in DPSCs cultured on the PCL‐PEO+β‐GP and was significantly higher than those cultured on the PCL‐PEO. Immunocytochemistry result also confirmed the positive effects of PCL‐PEO+β‐GP on the osteogenic differentiation of the DPSCs by presenting a higher OSC protein expression. According to the results, incorporation of the β‐GP in PCL‐PEO makes a better construct for osteogenic induction into the stem cells and it could be also considered as a great promising candidate for bone, oral, and maxillofacial tissue engineering applications.