bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Developing detoxification and purification technologies of ponds with pesticide residue for organic tiger shrimp farming development
Authors: Fattah M H , Rahbiah S 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The technological improvement of marginal land was conducted through examination on three treatments; land soaking and washing (A), land remediation (B) and land reclamation (C). The highest average closure rate of klekap (66.667±5.774 %) was gained from B, and the highest average closure rate of Chaetomorpha sp (88.667±8.083 %) was derived from A. The Apocyclopas discovery through the study can become preliminary information to reveal the existence of Phronima Suppa, the indicator of tiger shrimp farming success. The land remediation (B), followed with contaminants detoxification employing plankton, is more effective in eliminating pesticide residue, depressing bacteria population and creating quality water and pond bottom soil according to the organic tiger shrimp production standard.
Elasmobranch catch composition of North Sumatera Fishers
Authors: Fadhilah A , Susetya I E , Simeon B M 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Indonesia is known to contribute nearly 20% of elasmobranch diversity in the world. Presently, elasmobranch biodiversity research had only conducted in particular waters. However, the distribution of Elasmobranch distributed throughout all Indonesia including in the waters of North Sumatra province. This study aims to examine the diversity of Elasmobranch in North Sumatera waters as Elasmobranch preliminary study. We used landing monitoring method in three landing sites from May to June 2018. We recorded species, total length, and fishing unit information. Sharks and rays commonly were caught by net in coastal waters. We found 8 species from 323sharks and Rays which caught and landed. Sharks were dominated by big eye six gill sharks and rays were dominated by pale-edge stingray. Based on length data, we found that sharks and rays which landed also dominated by immature individual. This condition should be concerned in order to it is conservation management related to gear selectivity, considering coastal area is an important habitat for Elasmobranch.
Introducing of a silvofishery pond on sapling and seedling density based in Lubuk Kertang Village, North Sumatera
Authors: Basyuni M , Nasution K S , Slamet B , Sulistiyono N , Bimantara Y , Putri L A P , Yusraini E , Hayati R , Lesmana I 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The present study reports the introducing of mangrove management through community-based silvofishery pond according to the density of sapling and seedling stage in Lubuk Kertang village, Langkat, North Sumatra, Indonesia. The vegetation in the silvofishery pond consisted of Rhizophora apiculata, R. mucronata, and Avicennia marina. Silvofishery pond was introduced with an area total of 8,484 m2, with an area of 0.4242 ha in each pond of dominated seedlings and saplings, respectively. In the predominated seedling density over sapling showing almost twice found that seedling density consisted of 297 individual/ha which domination of R. apiculata compared to sapling density of 144 individual/ha. Similarly, 726 individual/ha was recorded in the sapling stage, where R. mucronata dominated. Furthermore, the seedling density in the sapling domination ponds for the seedling level was 398 individual/ha. R. mucronata detected in ponds with sapling dominance and seedling domination generally located in the middle part of the pond. By contrast, R. apiculata dominated the seedling level either in the seedlings or saplings stage. Introducing silvofishery with seedling and sapling stages should use recommended species such R. mucronata and R. apiculata to sustain nutrient of fish and to generate high phytoplankton growth.
The radio sensitivity of mature callus and selection of irradiated 40 Gy lamtoro (Leucaena leucocephala) callus on acid stress through tissue culture
Authors: Karti P D M H , Manpaki S J , Prihantoro I 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Lamtoro (Leucaena leucocephala) cv Tarramba is a good forage has a high crude protein, fleas tolerance and drought resistant but only grow well at pH >5.5 and have high mimosine. The aim of this study was to determine radio sensitivity value of mature callus and the optimal tolerance level of callus that has been irradiated by gamma rays (40 Gy) on acid stress. The first phase of research was conducted by Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 5 radiation treatments used gamma rays including 0, 30, 40, 50, and 60 Gy. Second phase of the research used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with treatment of using the different level of Al3+ with different acidity. The treatment consisted of 6 levels Al3+, including 0 ppm (pH = 6.5), 100 ppm (pH = 5.5), 200 ppm (pH = 4.4), 300 ppm (pH = 3.4), 400 ppm (pH = 3.0) and 500 ppm (pH = 2.6). The radio sensitivity value of the mature Callus on post-irradiated gamma-ray LD50 was 56.227 Gy. Based on acid selection (AlCl3), the best performance up to 300 ppm Al3+ (pH 3.4), although the callus was able to grow and tolerant up to 500 ppm Al3+ (pH 2.6).
Partial isolation of distal promoter sequence of the NPR1 gene from local chilli Pepper [Capsicum annuum L.] genotype berangkai
Authors: Oktavioni M , Candra IA , Nova B , Syukrini L , Asben A , Jamsari J 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Understanding of NPR1gene expression is a crucial aspect in improvement of chilli pepper resistant. The NPR1 gene is known to confer broad spectrum resistance toward many phytopathogens by activating SARmechanism. For that reason, characterization of the NPR1-gene promotor is necessary. The distal promoter of the NPR1-gene in general is characterized by the presence of enhancer, silencer, and cis-acting elements, located 5,950 bp from the ATG starting point. Therefore this study is focused to the isolateion of the distal promoter sequence of the NPR1 gene from a local Capsicum annul L. Genotype Berangkai. Specific primer pairs designatedas PD_CbNPR1-F1 [FR] and PD_CbNPR1-F2 [FR] were designed to amplify the whole targeted segments. However, only 1,873 bp in total [31.5 %] of sequences could successfully be elucidated from the first round, covering 970 and 993 bp from its upstream and downstream segments respectively. Hhomology analysis using BLAST tool successfully confirmed 99 and 100 % homology with its reference sequence derived from cv. Zunla-1. These result indicated that the NPR1 distal promoter sequence is successfully isolated from chilli pepper [Capsicum annuum L] genotype Berangkai. However, ffurther analysis using primer walking strategy should be undertaken in order to identify the entire sequence of its promoter region.
Growth and production responses of local sweet potatoes (Ipomoea batatas L.) genotypes on paddy straw biochar application in the paddy fields
Authors: Andika M Y , Rahmawati N , Sitepu F E T 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Abstrak. Biochar application as an organic soil conditioner can increase plant growth and production, especially on suboptimal lands. This research aimed to determine the response of growth and production in some local sweet potato genotypes (Accession of Cengkeh Turi with yellow tuber flesh, Accession of Cengkeh Turi with orange tuber flesh, and Accession of Tanah Seribu with orange tuber flesh) on various doses application of paddy straw biochar (0, 5, 10, 15 tons/ha) in paddy fields. A field experiment was conducted from April to August 2018 in the paddy fields of Tandem Hilir I Village, Deli Serdang. The results of this research indicated that the local sweet potato genotype had a good growth and production response in paddy field cultivation. Accession of Tanah Seribu with orange tuber flesh had a significant effect on vine length, tuber weight per sample, and harvest index, while Accession of Cengkeh Turi with orange tuber flesh significantly affects the number of tubers per sample. Paddy straw biochar application had a significant effect on the length of vine, and tuber weight per sample. The best dose of paddy straw biochar in the paddy fields is 10 tons/ha.
The effect of nitrogen fertilizer, zeolite and fresh straw to increase total-N, cation exchange capacity (CEC) of rice crop
Authors: Wulandari R , Hanum H , Hasanah Y 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The use of nitrogen fertilizer accompanied by zeolite and fresh straw is expected to increase rice plant growth and the chemical properties of rice fields. The objectives of this research were to compare the effect of nitrogen fertilizer, zeolite, and fresh straw on the total-N, Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) and the growth of paddy rice plants. This study used a factorial randomized block design method with 3 Factors: Nitrogen (Urea) : 0, 100, 200 and 300 kg/ha; Zeolite :0 and 300 kg/ha; and fresh straw treatment are without fresh straw and with the provision of 2 kg of fresh straw/plot equal to 5 ton/ha. Results showed that there was an increasement in the combination of urea, zeolite and fresh straw with low to high nutrient status but there were no significant differences. While there was a significant effect on plant height, number of tillers at 4 MST and dry weight of rice canopy. The combination of urea and zeolite fertilizers showed higher results than the treatment of urea fertilizer without zeolite. A combination of fertilizer urea and the zeolites show results higher than treatment fertilizer urea without zeolite.
The effect of phosphate solubilizing microbes and chicken manure in increasing the P availability and growth of Green Beans (Phaseolus radiatus L.) on Andisol
Authors: Siswana S R , Sembiring M , Hanum H , Rosneli  
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The availability of P in Andisol is low because phosphate is absorbed by allophane, Al and Fe minerals on the colloidal surface so that it is not available for plants. This research aim was to determine the effect of phosphate solubilizing microbes and chicken manure in increasing P availability and the growth of green beans (Phaseolus radiatus L.) plants on Andisol. This research was carried out at the Greenhouse and Laboratory of Soil Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan. This research used a randomized block design with 2 treatment factors and 3 replications. The first factor is phosphate solubilizing microbes (PSM), namely: (M0) without application, (M1) 5 gr mycorrhiza, (M2) 5 gr Burkholderia cepacia bacteria, (M3) 5 gr Talaromyces pinophilus fungi. The second factor is the dose of chicken manure, namely: (A0) 0 gr, (A1) 80 g, (A2) 120 g and (A3) 160 g. The results showed that the administration of phosphate solubilizing microbes and chicken manure could increase P-available by 10.78-50.82%, total leaf area by 8.63-65.18%, plant dry weight by 2.46-58.25% and plants P content by 24-99%, the best treatment was the interaction of T. pinophilus fungi with a dose of 160 gr / plant chicken manure.
Seed morphology and germination of Macadamia (Macadamia integrifolia) from North Sumatra
Authors: Susilowati A , Kusuma Y S , Kholibrina C R 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Macadamia is an endemic species in Queensland’s rainforest and known as one of high economical nut producer. In Indonesia, makadamia cultivated in some research garden in West Java and East Java also can be found in Aeknauli Forest Research in Sipiso-piso. As valuable nut producer, macadamia can be adopted as one of targeted species for restoring Lake Toba through agroforestry scheme. For supporting the successfulness of restoring program using macadamia trees, information on species and seed character was needed, especially about its propagation strategy. But this information still very limited in Indonesia. Therefore, our research was conducted to get information on seed morphology of makadamia and it seed germination process. For seed morphology, data on seed part was quantified through direct observation and measurement. The germination process was quantified through direct observation and its occurrence process. The result on seed morphology showed that macadamia fruit was round shape on ripe condition. The fruit has 2.20 cm diameter average and 8.58 of fruit weight. The seed and endosperm thickness were 0.38cm and 1.54 cm respectively. Makadamia has hypogeal germination type and takes 5-6 months for germinating.
Effect of κ-carrageenan concentration on physical and Mechanical properties of vegetable leather based on kelor leaves (Moringa oleifera L.)
Authors: Wahyuni S , Holilah  , Asranudin  , Rianse M I K , Sadimantara M S 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The aims of this research were to investigate the effects of κ-carrageenan concentration on the physical and mechanical characteristics of vegetable leather based on kelor leaves. This research used non-factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD), consisting of five treatments of κ-carrageenan concentration ie. 1.00% (K1), 1.25% (K2), 1.50% (K3), 1.75% (K4) and 2.00% (K5). Analysis of physical and mechanical properties (elongation at break, thickness, and solubility) of all treatments were carried out. Morphological properties and functional group identification were conducted from the best treatment. The concentration of κ-carrageenan very significantly affected on thickness and solubility and no significantly affected on the elongation percentage. Morphological tests on the surface of vegetable leather were slightly coarse than edible films from k-carrageenan. FTIR spectra of vegetable leather had a different absorption band intensity than pure κ-carrageenan. So, it could be concluded that vegetable leather had the potential to be developed commercially.
Transforming the agricultural sector for better sustainable development: perspectives from Russia as a member state of the Eurasian Economic Union
Authors: Bogoviz Aleksei 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The agricultural sector is a core stone to many sustainable development goals and initiatives, including the largest one – the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). In order to achieve many of these goals, it is highly necessary to have effective policies aimed at the sustainable development of the agricultural sector, since it is very much connected to all other sectors of the economy and society and is central to achieving many SDGs. However, to formulate and achieve such diverse and multiple goals, one should be able to control the development of key indicators, track outcomes of the measures being taken, and review the whole array of methods being used in order to allow for guided course corrections. Despite SDGs present a global sustainable development perspective, it is necessary to use them with local and regional indicators that capture well the degree of sustainability in the agricultural sector of a particular country or region. The paper focuses on Russia and the member states of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) as an local/regional example. A list of local/regional indicators is proposed in connection to the corresponding global SDGs.
Approaches to building and evaluating sustainable agricultural systems in the member states of the Eurasian Economic Union
Authors: Bogoviz Aleksei 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The paper is devoted to analyzing the issues of agricultural sustainability in the member states of the Eurasian Economic Union, a regional organization connecting Russia, Kazakhstan, Belarus, Armenia, and the Kyrgyz Republic. We note that there is no single study that comprehensively addresses this highly important issue; therefore, a review of major approaches to building and evaluating agricultural systems is conducted with the purpose of their further application in the Eurasian Economic Union. The paper distinguishes the total of four approaches and provides their brief overview: (1) a balance between energy and matter in sustainability and innovations; (2) water and soil consumption in agricultural production; (3) potential environmental impacts; (4) energy dimension in sustainable agricultural systems.
Promising solutions for cost-effective management in biomass processing
Authors: Zazykina L A , Roiter L M , Gusev V A 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The article presents the systematization of the main technologies of biomass processing with the calculation of the result and the effect of their use both in Russia and abroad. In addition, an acute problem is indicated and promising directions in the processing and marketing of biomass are proposed. The analysis of contemporary scientific literature on this issue, which indicates the divergence of opinions on the problems of biomass processing at poultry farms. The goal set in the article is to explore promising areas in the processing of biomass. The research goal is (a) to identify problem areas in the activities of poultry enterprises and (b) to determine the economic feasibility of promising areas of management solutions to this issue, as well as in the development of an algorithm with an economic calculation. The study used statistical methods of structural and comparative analysis, structural – logical method of presenting information, economic and mathematical modeling. Conclusions are made about the economic feasibility of the use of biomass processing at poultry farms. The results obtained show new promising solutions, namely the use of the “in-house windrowing” method in the Russian poultry industry; also, a new market for biomass products was proposed. The results of the study will expand the possibilities for further study of the issue in the framework of the implementation of the Program for the Development of Biotechnology in the Russian Federation for the Period up to 2020 and the Strategy for the Development of the Forest Complex of the Russian Federation until 2030.
Economic affordability of food as an indicator of food security in Russia
Authors: Khayrullina O 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The study of the economic availability of food within the framework of state security is of particular interest to the Russian Federation, which is due to achieving the threshold criteria for indicators of the country’s food self-sufficiency. Currently, there is no methodology for drawing conclusions about the level of affordability of food. The presented analysis of the level of satisfaction of the physiological needs of the population of the Russian Federation by main types of products in households, the nutritional and energy value of consumed food by the population of the Russian Federation, the dynamics of the cost of the minimum set of food products and the population’s average income per person made it necessary to expand the boundaries of economic accessibility of food the first and second decile groups of the population, taking into account the disposable income. It is proposed to provide domestic food assistance, with the total funds amounted to 163 billion rubles for these groups.
Model of investment development of beef cattle in the region (on the example of the Voronezh region)
Authors: Kibirov A , Litvina N 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The article describes the state of production of cattle meat on the example of the Voronezh region. It is revealed that the successful overcoming of the crisis period was achieved thanks to the measures taken to enhance investment activity. It was noted that the key condition for increasing the production of cattle meat in the region was the transition to specialized meat cattle breeding. The basis for the development of this subsector was the development of high-tech investment projects, under which the large-scale delivery of highly productive beef cattle from other countries was carried out. Along with this, new livestock complexes were built, advanced technologies were introduced into the production process. One of the stimulating factors was the adoption in the region of state support measures aimed at the development of breeding activities and an increase in the production of high-quality beef. In conclusion, the main problematic issues hindering the effective development of beef cattle breeding in the region are given, and the need to improve existing measures and mechanisms of state support is indicated in order to ensure further intensive development of this sub-sector and increase its investment attractiveness. In particular, a mechanism is presented to stimulate the breeding of beef cattle in households.
Resources for the transition of rural areas to a diversified development model
Authors: Merenkova I , Agibalov A , Lubkov V 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
One of the priority strategic objectives aimed at reducing the unjustifiably high spatial differentiation of rural areas is their diversification, carried out by involving unused resource reserves into development, creating new opportunities for the industries which products have a steady market demand. The purpose of this scientific work is to justify the need to move from a predominantly mono-functional to a diversified model of rural development. Creating models for their diversified development requires defining the rural areas as a special space, in which a specific activity closely related to the natural habitat is carried out, depending on the natural, economic factors of farming and formed in the conditions of the almost universal distribution of multi-component agricultural production. In the process of research, the relationship between the diversity of the rural economy structure and the multifunctionality of rural areas was revealed, which showed the need to diversify the economy by stimulating various types of activities. Taking into account domestic and foreign experience, approaches to building a model of diversified development of rural areas are justified. Based on a study of the rural economy structure, a model of diversification was proposed, containing single-industry and multi-industry blocks, including a different combination of industries and their advantages and disadvantages. It is concluded that the most effective is an industry-specific model with a diversified rural economy due to the maximum possible set of various economic forms and activities that meet the needs of the population in employment.
Protection against risks of losing a harvest of agricultural crops by means of applying the data obtained from the space monitoring systems of plant cover
Authors: Belova E , Sannikova M 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Recently, in the domestic practice of agricultural insurance, interest in index insurance products has increased from both insurers and insurants. This is due to the high efficiency demonstrated by them as a tool to protect against the risk of yield loss, with a low level of associated moral hazard, low maintenance costs of the insurance contract. Index insurance implies the conclusion of a contract providing for the payment of insurance compensation when the base indicator reaches a specified threshold, the base indicator being an indirect sign of the occurrence of actual damage. When insuring crops, such a baseline can be high temperatures, lack of precipitation during the growing season. However, a more accurate indicator of the magnitude of the crop, and hence its shortage, is the normalized differential vegetation index (NDVI), obtained using space monitoring of vegetation. This fact is a reliable prerequisite for the use of this indicator in the index insurance of agricultural crops. Mathematical modeling of the dependence of the yield of spring barley in certain districts of the Rostov region on NDVI indicators made it possible to determine the main parameters of the corresponding index insurance products and to prove the effectiveness of their use to reduce the risks of yield loss. In particular, efficiency is expressed in stabilizing the income of agricultural producers by years, which is confirmed by a decrease in the coefficients of variation of this indicator in some cases to 27%.