bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adaptability Analysis of Gathering and Transportation Pipelines in W Shale Gas Field at Different Production Stages
Authors: Chen Lu , He Guoxi , Liu Xin , Tang Xin , Gan Linlin , Gan Yuzhi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This article analyzes the adaptability of the gathering and transportation pipelines of M well area from W shale gas field in different production stages. The pipelines are divided into three categories according to the degrees of being influenced by new pipelines. Typical pipeline transportation adaptability is analyzed, and improvement measures are proposed. The results show that the proportion of pipelines whose adaptability levels are above “medium” is 100%, 56%, and 39% in the early, middle, and late stages of production, respectively, which shows a decreasing trend. The adaptability level of the first type of pipeline decreases with the decrease of pipeline flow rate. Building a new pipeline can improve the adaptability level of the second type of pipeline downstream of the pipeline network. Building two or more pipelines can maintain the adaptability level of the third type of pipeline downstream of the pipeline network at “high” or “relatively high”. In response to the reduced adaptability in the middle and late stages, pigging and boosting simulations are conducted. A pigging plan and a rolling “platform boosting in coordination with centralized boosting” plan is developed, resulting in a 92% and 87% increase in transport efficiency in the middle and late stages, respectively. It was also demonstrated that cleaning can be one of the measures to enhance gas production. This article proposes the concept of adaptability analysis for different production stages in shale gas fields for the first time, and proposes reasonable measures to improve the adaptability of shale gas pipeline networks.
Mobility and Method of Enhanced Oil Recovery for Yingxiongling Shale Oil
Authors: Zhao Wenkai , Jia Fengjuan , Lin Hai , Wang Zhisheng , Wan Youyu , Liu Le , Zhang Chenjuan , Wu Songtao , Sui Guojie , Feng Daqiang , Zhang Shaobin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
There are abundant shale oil resources in Yingxiong Ling, Qaidam Basin, but the oil recovery rate is low due to complex lithofacies types, large physical property differences, diverse pore types and structures, and strong heterogeneity. In order to improve the oil recovery efficiency of Yingxiong Ling shale oil, based on the analysis of the factors affecting the micro-mobility of Yingxiong Ling shale oil, through spontaneous imbibition and nuclear magnetic test, the oil mobility evaluation of different lithology reservoirs and different pore structures and the feasibility of surfactant to improve oil recovery were carried out. The research results show that: (1) Yingxiong Ling shale oil has considerable mobile hydrocarbon base, effective seepage channels, high viscosity reduction conditions and elastic properties, and has the potential for efficient development. (2) In the spontaneous imbibition state, the utilization efficiency of laminar limestone and laminar limestone are 10% and 12.5%, respectively, and that of small pores, large pores and texture cracks are 6.7%, 5.2% and 1.8%, respectively. The overall utilization efficiency is low. (3) The solution containing surfactant components can effectively improve the crude oil production degree of Gan Chaigou shale oil reservoir. The variable-viscosity fracturing fluid can increase the oil production efficiency to 21.46%, and the nano-emulsion can increase the oil production efficiency to 33.43%. The surfactant has a significant effect on the EOR of Yingxiong Ling shale oil. Based on the analysis of micromobility, the characteristics of crude oil mobility and the experimental results of enhanced oil recovery by surfactants, it is concluded that the oil recovery of Yingxiong Ling shale oil can be greatly improved by combining high efficiency surfactants with large-scale volumetric fracturing.
Research on wax removal and prevention technology of White Wolf City oil well
Authors: Liu Gang , Li Shuo , Qi Chunming , Gao Tengfei , Cheng Cheng 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Oil well wax removal technology is an important subject in the process of oil field exploitation. This paper analyzes the mechanism and characteristics of wax formation in oil Wells by measuring the amount of wax in crude oil in Baiwolcheng oil area. When the waxy component, which usually exists in liquid form, is accompanied by crude oil from underground to the ground, the waxy crystal precipitates and deposits in the inner wall of oil pipe due to the gradual decrease of the temperature of crude oil. The phenomenon of paraffin formation, paraffin formation process and paraffin formation law of oil well are studied, and chemical paraffin removal and anti-wax technology is determined as the main research object, evaluation and optimization of paraffin removal and anti-wax agent, and determination of dosage concentration and dosage.
Impact of Material Balance Calculation on Trapped Gas in Water-drive Gas Reservoir
Authors: Zhu Zhiqiang , Deng Jingfu , Li Zhanfeng , Zhang Zhenjie , Liu Bin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The development of water-drive gas reservoir takes a very important position in China. Not only its recovery is markedly lower than that of dry gas reservoir, but also its residual gas saturation is higher. The main reason has been proven in the lab is water invasion which can generate trapped gas by sealing gas in porous media. However, it is still difficult to calculate the volume of trapped gas theoretically and practically. In order to quantify trapped gas, we designed experiments to simulate the development of water-drive gas reservoir. The experimental system can provide accurate measurements on gas production, water influx, pressure and so on. The results showed that the original material balance equations are not consistent with experimental data when water invasion happens. With water influx increasing, the errors become more obvious. This phenomenon has been repeated for many times in our lab. On basis of this phenomenon and with the analysis of many experimental data, we observed that water influx causes some high pressure trapped gas which is not considered in original material balance equation. By regression analysis, we proposed a correction term which can be added to the original material balance equation to effectively eliminate the disagreements between the results of original equation and the experiments. The modified material balance equation was also verified by field cases. The correction term can be applied to quantify the degree of trapped gas, which is significant to calculate the water influx and to predict production and improves the original material balance equation so that the trapped gas in water-drive gas reservoir can be fully considered. The correction term is proposed through statistical regression analysis based on a large number of experimental data. The modified material balance equation with the correction term can quantify the trapped gas and have a great significant impact on the development of water-drive gas reservoir, especially on the water influx calculation and production prediction.
Research and Application of Chemical Sand Control without Blockage in WellBore
Authors: Pu Shijie , Kou Huimin , Li Qiju , Song Yangrong , Tang Fan , Jia Zhiwei 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The main sand control methods for oil production wells in a certain Oilfield include mechanical filling sand control, artificial well bore reconstruction with coated sand, and phenolic resin sand control. Mechanical filling for sand control requires the well bore to be intact, with residual pipe columns in the well that cannot meet the testing fluid profile, and subsequent processing often requires major repairs; The construction pressure of artificial well bore is high, and the production of chemical resin sand control is significantly reduced. In order to ensure the consolidation strength, both sand control processes are under displacement operations, and the well bore above the top boundary of the perforated layer is fixed with a plug that needs to be drilled. Research on a new type of chemical sand control technology for well bore without blockage. By using biomass cellulose crystals with smaller particle size and resin in the sand fixing agent combination, the sand particles in the formation are well coated, and condensation reaction occurs to achieve the goal of sand control. The casing will not solidify to create well bore blockage, avoiding later drilling and plugging operations. The construction pressure is low, the damage to the casing is small, and it has a certain degree of selectivity. After sand control, the water content can be reduced by more than 10%. It is suitable for sand control operations in casing damage wells, casing change wells, high inclination wells, and horizontal wells, and can be used for packer construction. As of December 2023, there have been 8 on-site applications with a success rate of 100%, Average water content reduced by 13%, and a cumulative recovery of 2936 tons of oil production. This has safely and efficiently solved the sand control problem in complex well conditions.
Bohr versus Einstein
Authors: Werner Reinhard 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Niels Bohr and Albert Einstein were extraordinarily famous physicists who feuded in the early days of quantum mechanics. Their debate was really a clash between two opposing conceptions of the foundations of quantum mechanics. These views were also debated by many other people. So it is not so much their debate as a clash of views of which they were the most prominent proponents. This paper will begin by introducing the opponents and then give an overview of the events and the opposing standpoints, roughly characterised as “local realism” and “operationalism”. It will then follow the course of the debate in three rounds.
The Cartesian background: England and France
Authors: Wilson Catherine 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The 17th and 18th century opposition between Cartesian and Newtonian science is often depicted as a contest between a priorism and speculation on one hand, and observation and mathematical proof on the other, one of which won out. This is a simplification. In 17th century England Cartesian natural philosophy, including the vortex theory of the planetary orbits, was (intentionally) easy to understand. It was seen however as poorly disguised atheism and widely disparaged on that account by influential theologians. Amongst the 18th century French philosophes, this aspect of Cartesianism was hardly a problem. Newtonianism now denoted an appetite for exciting experimental demonstrations as against the dead letter of scientific books, including not only René Descartes’s Principles but also Isaac Newton’s (for most readers) largely impenetrable Principia.
Émilie du Châtelet’s Institutions de Physique: a Leibnizian-Newtonian Synthesis? A methodological approach
Authors: Rey Anne-Lise 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This paper seeks to show how historiographical categories that place philosophies within schools of thought entail accepting a high theoretical cost: the category circumscribes a general framework for interpretation, but at the same time conceals what makes a particular thought unique and sometimes original. If they are only Leibnizian or Newtonian, why give them a place in the corpus? In order to establish the limits and challenges of this categorisation, this paper coins the category of ‘Leibnizo-Newtonianism’, not in order to identify a paradoxical school of thought, but rather to question this reading of the history of philosophy. On the other hand, it proposes to use the analysis of epistemological practices (the relationship between hypothesis and experience, the status of principle etc.) to identify the problem Émilie du Châtelet set out to answer: how can one establish the certainty of our knowledge of nature?
Waves on the Isis: Albert Einstein and Erwin Schrödinger in Oxford
Authors: Robinson Andrew 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Albert Einstein stayed in Oxford for three relatively brief periods in 1931, 1932 and 1933 at the invitation of the physicist Frederick Lindemann, who was also responsible for inviting Erwin Schrödinger to stay for a much longer period in 1933-36. While there, Einstein gave a controversial lecture, “On the Method of Theoretical Physics”, stressing the importance of mathematics over experiment, which is still much discussed; and Schrödinger published a key physics paper in German introducing ‘entanglement’ and his highly influential cat ‘paradox’. This paper explores the two men’s radically different reactions to the University and the city, ranging from Oxford’s science to its political and cultural life—which often pleased Einstein, who lived in college, but generally displeased Schrödinger, who refused to live in college—thereby creating markedly different waves on the River Isis.
‘A sincere hand and a faithful eye’: the many interests of Robert Hooke (1635–1703)
Authors: Kusukawa Sachiko 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Since the tercentenary of Robert Hooke’s death, Hooke’s polymathic interests have received much scholarly attention. This paper discusses his interests as reflected via his drawings, which are perhaps less well known. His drawings played an important part in scientific record-keeping at the Royal Society and enabled visualisation of manufacturing processes, objects, mechanisms and theories. His graphic skills were important tools for his observational and empirical studies. Hooke’s artistic ability is therefore a worthy addition to his many-sided talents.
Mary Somerville the polymath: mathematics, astronomy and orange marmalade
Authors: Boreham Ruth 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Mary Somerville (1780-1872) was called ‘Queen of Science’ in a newspaper obituary and was the author of four books and one article. But to define her as just one thing is difficult – she was more than just a mathematician, a writer, a scientist. Skills she learnt as a girl in order to attract a husband also proved useful to her success. If a polymath is someone who knows a lot about many subjects, then Mary was most definitely one and this paper will show her knowledge in astronomy, mathematics, geography, microscopic work and more.
Audio surveillance, communication technologies and the submarine threat during the First World War
Authors: Bruton Elizabeth 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This paper is a summary of a talk, “Hydrophones and piezoelectricity: Ernest Rutherford and anti-submarine innovations in the Royal Navy during World War I”, presented at the HAPP Physics and the Great War one-day conference in 2015, which in turn was based on research for a journal article co-authored with Paul Coleman published in History and Technology journal in 2016 as “Listening in the dark: audio surveillance, communication technologies, and the submarine threat during the First World War” [1].
This paper explores the pivotal role of acoustic surveillance, communication technologies including wireless telegraphy and the development of the hydrophone and other naval technologies as a response to the German U-boat submarine threat during the First World War. The First World War was the first truly global industrial conflict with all belligerents having access to new and adapted technologies including aircraft, sophisticated artillery, wireless telegraphy and submarines. The conflict marked a significant shift in naval warfare with the widespread use of submarines or U-boats by the German military. “Listening in the dark” highlights the challenges faced by the Allied Forces in countering the U-boat threat, emphasising the need for innovative organisational changes and the development of cutting-edge technologies through combined civilian-military research, particularly in the realm of electro-acoustic listening and wireless communication. By the War’s conclusion naval warfare had ultimately transformed to prioritise enhanced listening capabilities over traditional visual methods.
Warfare and wind tunnel: engineers, physicists, and the evolution of combat aircraft 1914-1918
Authors: Smith Adrian A. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The British aircraft industry was transformed across the course of the First World War. Annual output grew exponentially, while by 1917-1918 the intensity of wartime research and development saw technologically advanced machines seeking air supremacy in all theatres of operation, most notably the Western Front. Capability had been inhibited by the absence of reliable, high performance power units, but ultimately production and procurement problems were resolved. This heroic narrative warrants qualification given the high ratio of poor to outstanding aircraft and the reality that in August 1914 Britain was by no means wholly unequipped to wage war in the air: the development programmes of the National Physical Laboratory and Royal Aircraft Factory, and the Royal Naval Air Service’s collaboration with science-based companies such as Short Brothers run counter to a popular belief that machines were still crudely built and militarily ineffective. There existed a working partnership between pioneer engineers and designers, schooled in applied science at metropolitan technical colleges, and graduate physicists and mathematicians encouraged by far-sighted dons to join a fledgling but fast-growing industry. That fusion of theory and practice, academic and industrial, was consolidated once British science’s human assets were mobilised to wage ‘industrial war’. Yes, aviation saw huge changes across the War, but the continuity is striking: before 1914 designers and air frame manufacturers were drawn from both the shop floor and the varsity, a wartime infusion of research scientists generated remarkable advances in aeronautics and in consequence a vital extension of Allied air power; and after 1918 companies survived retrenchment thanks to a durable combination of the entrepreneurial engineer and the experimental analyst.
Discovering our Sun: From the most important god to a mere dwarf star
Authors: Diego Francisco 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This is a graphic description of the Sun as a source of fascination and awe since the very early civilisations with its importance for life and the horror of seeing it disappearing in the middle of the day and how ancient generations followed its movements throughout the year, building clever monuments to mark its rising and setting position on the horizon. The principles of astrology are dealt with and the amazing intuition of ancient Greek philosophers who suggested that the Sun could be a nearby star is admired. The journey ends by placing the Sun amongst the stars in a wonderful confluence of myth, art and science.
Celestial shadows: From terror and myth to science and beauty
Authors: Diego Francisco 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This paper tells a graphical story of the ancestral importance of the Sun as a seemingly eternal source of light and heat. It describes the terror produced by the sudden disappearance of the Sun in the middle of the day and the imaginative myths that these dark events have generated worldwide. Then the science will include a description of a total solar eclipse and what can be learnt from the extended atmosphere of the Sun, the corona, once it becomes visible against the darkened sky during the precious moments of totality. There are subtle distortions produced by powerful magnetic fields that modulate the shape of the corona along a solar cycle of activity of eleven years. And yet, as the fast drop in temperature and sudden darkness over the landscape just before totality is experienced, we still feel that primeval fear and terror forever embedded in our humanity.
Searching for extraterrestrial intelligence across a century
Authors: Siemion Andrew 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This short paper explores the century-long journey of searching for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI) with a focus on the radiowave spectrum. Beginning with early experiments by David Todd and Charles Jenkins, who attempted interplanetary communication using radio technology, it traces the historical development of SETI. The paper discusses significant milestones, such as Project OZMA in 1961 and the transition to modern searches, particularly the Breakthrough Listen project, which represents the most comprehensive effort in SETI history. The vastness of the Universe, the potential for life in various planetary systems and the challenges of differentiating between basic life and intelligent life are highlighted. The discussion includes the concept of technosignatures—signals indicative of advanced technology—and the advancements in telescope technology like the Square Kilometre Array Observatory (SKAO) that enhance SETI capabilities. Recent developments are also addressed, such as an intriguing signal detected in 2020 and the future of SETI is envisioned, including the possibility of building a radio telescope on the far side of the Moon to escape interference from human technosignatures as humans continue to expand into space.
The Martian: science fiction and science fact
Authors: Green James L. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The book and the film The Martian stand as a testament to the powerful synergy between art, science fiction and science. Written by Andy Weir, the book was turned into a blockbuster film by Fox Studios that wowed audiences and critics alike. To accomplish this visually stunning film, the collaboration between Director Ridley Scott’s production team and the NASA Mars team with other key consultants delivered an unforgettable cinematic masterpiece, one that not only entertained but also inspired audiences to dream big and embrace the spirit of exploration that drives humanity’s quest for knowledge about space and Mars. The Martian captivates audiences with its breathtaking Mars landscape visuals and realistic portrayal of space exploration. It strikes a perfect balance between science and storytelling, grounding its depiction of Mars and the challenges faced by astronauts in, mostly, scientific reality. The film’s reasonably accurate portrayal of Mars, supported by collaboration with NASA, adds to its authenticity and appeal.
Newton and the genesis of Leibniz’s theory of space
Authors: Risi Vincenzo De 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The paper in [1] provides a history of Gottfried Leibniz’s ideas about space. Contrary to standard readings, Leibniz did not develop a relational theory of space until 1688 when he read Isaac Newton’s Principia and realised that he had to respond to the theory of absolute space with a new, powerful and rich alternative theory. The paper details Leibniz’s theories of space prior to the relational theory and their philosophical sources. It discusses Leibniz’s theory in relation to his theories of time, motion and geometry. Finally, it shows the role of Newton in the genesis of Leibniz’s relational theory.
Kuhn’s paradigms and their early critics
Authors: Preston John 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In his 1962 book The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, Thomas Kuhn fashioned and made fashionable the concept of a paradigm. He tied it closely to his concept of ‘normal science’ and contrasted normal science with processes he called ‘scientific revolutions’. Several important critics took issue with his concept of a paradigm or with theses he took to constitute that concept. In this paper the earliest criticisms of the concept are outlined.