bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A New Simple Analytic Equation for Estimating Asymmetric Growth of Stimulated Reservoir Volume in Anisotropic Shales
Authors: Li Qi , Aguilera Roberto 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
The objective of this paper is to present the development and application of a simple equation for calculating asymmetric growth of the stimulated reservoir volume (SRV) in a shale petroleum reservoir using microseismic data.
Calculation of the SRV is a problem handled with solutions that involve different degrees of complexity. Because shale reservoirs are anisotropic, microseismic events generally develop 3D nonuniform asymmetric patterns around the injection points. This paper presents a new method with an easy to use analytic equation that allows reproducing the asymmetric growth of microseismic events as a function of time by considering reservoir anisotropy.
Asymmetric growth refers to the fact that propagation of the microseismic cloud in a given direction can be larger, equal or smaller as compared with the propagation in other directions. Accurate determination of the SRV asymmetric pattern is critical for input in specialized material balance and reservoir simulation models of shale petroleum reservoirs. This determination allows more realistic projections of reservoir performance.
The novelty of the method is the development of an easy-to-use approach for estimating SRV in a spatially nonuniform-asymmetric-anisotropic reservoir using octants in a coordinate system. The SRV is calculated from the volume of a symmetric ellipsoid divided by a constant value Vc. This in spite that the point of injection of the fracturing fluids in the asymmetric reservoir can be at, close to or far from the center of the ellipsoid. Development of Vc is presented in this paper. Use of the model is illustrated with real microseismic data of the Horn River shale in Canada for a case where Vc is equal to 1.3722.
Strategic Waterflood Optimization with Innovative Active Injection Control Devices in Tight Oil Reservoirs
Authors: Barry Kyle , McDowell Ryan , McArthur Kevin , Kozin Anton , Stretch Trena Marie , Keshishian Avo , Farid Jawad 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
This paper presents the successful implementation of an innovative approach for improving oil recovery by water injection optimization with Injection Control Devices (ICD's) in unconventional reservoirs. Over the past decade, operators in Southeast Saskatchewan have been continually innovating and finding efficiencies to improving water injectivity across horizontal wellbores. In late 2016, the Crescent Point Energy started a trial campaign applying ICD's in relatively low flow rate environments to offset production decline and improve recovery in the Bakken, Shaunavon and Midale formations. Early term results show greater than 25% improvement is possible in oil recovery over typical waterflood configurations.
The operator had applied waterflood as a secondary recovery method and found field trials to stabilize production decline and improve ultimate recovery. The effectiveness of waterflood in unconventional, fractured reservoirs has been debated. In some cases, short circuiting of injection water to production wells through fracture channels has occurred. This has been found to reduce sweep efficiency. The issue was evaluated and it was determined there was a need to equalize the injection profile across the horizontal wellbore. Understanding the flow profiles of injection wells was instrumental in developing diversion strategies. Applying Distributed Temperature Surveys (DTS) has been found to be an effective method of estimating flow profiles at relatively low flow rates. Using processed DTS data, a reservoir simulation model has been used to match unique injection profiles along horizontal wellbores. The results from these models supported the need to pursue injection diversion.
Several means to optimize injection profiles have been trialed, the results of which support the theory of sweep optimization. However, the limited number of isolated injection points achievable with given wellbore diameters has impeded potential for this development. The introduction of ICD injection strings allows for an optimum number of injection points, improving sweep efficiency and accelerating voidage replacement.
This paper reviews the design, execution and evaluation process used in more than 50 successful ICD installations in various fields across Saskatchewan. The performance of these ICD strings was then monitored and evaluated in collaboration with the operator and service providers.
Value-Driven Mitigation Plans for Severe Slugging in Gas-Lift Wells in Unconventional Shale Plays
Authors: Lu Haidan , Mukhanov Akhan , Nagarakanti Sekhar , Fai-Yengo Ghislain , Kwok Chun Ka , Atmaca Serdar 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
A major challenge when operating a gas lifted unconventional well is severe slugging. Without addressing its root causes, production fluctuation can remain for a long time and pose high risks to the entire operating system. This paper first reviews the gas lift for U.S. unconventional shale plays. Then it describes the major causes of gas lifted shale well slugging and proposes mitigation plans respectively, considering the implications on value and profitability. A systemic diagnostic workflow was developed for shale well slugging by combing production data analytics and dynamic simulation workflow. It also incorporated cost benefit analysis to evaluate incremental economic value. Transient modeling reveals key aspects of gas lift well slugging causes. A case study involving a shale well demonstrates the technical and economic impact of this transient behavior on gas-lift well performance. This study can assist operators in developing a mitigation plan for gas-lifted shale well severe slugging through transient simulation and in leading to substantial cost saving while extending asset economic life. It also demonstrates that transient multiphase flow simulation is an effective tool for the troubleshooting and the mitigation strategy selection for unconventional shale wells under gas lift.
Empowering Multivariate Statistical Analysis and Integrating it with Full Field 3D Geomodel Combined with Unconventional Fracture Modeling UFM for Production Optimization, a Montney Example
Authors: Faskhoodi Majid M. , Boskovic Drazenko , Zhmodik Alexey , Qiuguo Li , Michi Oscar P. , Ramanathan Venkateshwaran , Ogunyemi Taofeek 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
This paper presents a novel approach in statistical analysis of well performance of multi-stage fractured wells completed in specific part of Montney. For the first time, both geological and hydraulic fracture parameters were considered in analysis with objective of finding most influential parameters that impact deliverability of wells. Results from single point statistical analysis were further extended to unsupervised discrete classification using neural-network to bin the reservoir. Binning classification was then used to design and optimize hydraulic fracture parameters.
Innovative Therapeutic Potential of Cannabinoid Receptors as Targets in Alzheimer’s Disease and Less Well-Known Diseases
Authors: Páez Juan A. , Campillo Nuria E. 
Published: February 2018

:The discovery of cannabinoid receptors at the beginning of the 1990s, CB1 cloned in 1990 and CB2 cloned in 1993, and the availability of selective and potent cannabimimetics could only be justified by the existence of endogenous ligands that are capable of binding to them. Thus, the characterisation and cloning of the first cannabinoid receptor (CB1) led to the isolation and characterisation of the first endocannabinoid, arachidonoylethanolamide (AEA), two years later and the subsequent identification of a family of lipid transmitters known as the fatty acid ester 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG).:The endogenous cannabinoid system is a complex signalling system that comprises transmembrane endocannabinoid receptors, their endogenous ligands (the endocannabinoids), the specific uptake mechanisms and the enzymatic systems related to their biosynthesis and degradation.:The endocannabinoid system has been implicated in a wide diversity of biological processes, in both the central and peripheral nervous systems, including memory, learning, neuronal development, stress and emotions, food intake, energy regulation, peripheral metabolism, and the regulation of hormonal balance through the endocrine system.:In this context, this article will review the current knowledge of the therapeutic potential of cannabinoid receptor as a target in Alzheimer’s disease and other less well-known diseases that include, among others, multiple sclerosis, bone metabolism, and Fragile X syndrome.:The therapeutic applications will be addressed through the study of cannabinoid agonists acting as single drugs and multi-target drugs highlighting the CB2 receptor agonist.
New Life to an Old Treatment: Pegylated Interferon Beta 1a in the Management of Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Ortiz Miguel Angel , Espino-Paisan Laura , Nunez Concepcion , Alvarez-Lafuente Roberto , Urcelay Elena 
Published: February 2018

Background:
In the 1990s, the beta interferons and glatiramer acetate were introduced
for treating relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. These medications have a demonstrated record
of efficacy and safety, although they require frequent administration via injection and are only
partially effective. The optimization of treatment in patients who do not respond adequately to
this first-line therapy is essential for attaining the best long-term outcomes. Switching to the recently
approved emergent therapies is a strategy to consider for treatment of patients with a
suboptimal response.

Objective:
This review summarizes the mechanisms of action, clinical benefits, and safety profiles
of current multiple sclerosis disease-modifying therapies, including highly efficacious
monoclonal antibodies or convenient oral therapies, and with a special focus on the pegylated
interferon beta 1a formulation.

Methods:
We reviewed the recent literature and human clinical trials on multiple sclerosis therapies
by bibliographic search in PubMed and clinicaltrials.gov.

Results and Conclusion:
Although the first-line interferon beta exhibits a favorable benefit-torisk
profile, treatment compliance is compromised potentially due to its known adverse events
and frequent injectable administration. Less frequent dosing and improved pharmacological
properties have been achieved by reaction of interferon beta with chemically activated polyethylene
glycol. Provided that none of the available therapies show better effectiveness for all outcomes
and their safety in clinical practice is of a fundamental concern, the pegylated form of interferon
beta seems to keep its place as a competitive therapeutic option.
Development of an Aqueous Ophthalmic Solution with an Enhanced-Solubility Enrofloxacin Crystal, and its Clinical Evaluation in Dogs
Authors: Miranda-Calderon Jorge E. , Gutierrez Lilia , Ocampo Luis , Garcia-Gutierrez Ponciano , Tapia Graciela , Sumano Hector 
Published: February 2018

Background:
The concern about the frequent use of ciprofloxacin in veterinary medicine is linked to
increased antimicrobial resistance. The corresponding fluoroquinolone for veterinary use is enrofloxacin. A
new solvate form of enrofloxacin, as dihydrate-hydrochloride (enro-C) with higher water solubility than the
parent compound, was formulated as an ophthalmic solution (pH 5). A multicentre, longitudinal, non-inferiority
clinical study in a non-hospital environment was designed to treat 36 dogs affected by tobramycin-unresponsive
conjunctivitis with either the experimental 0.5% enro-C ophthalmic preparation (enro-CG) or a commercial
preparation of ciprofloxacin (cipro-G). Other causes of conjunctivitis were ruled out. Pathogens were isolated
and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) studies of tobramycin were carried out. Three blocks of bacterial
resistance were set up, beginning at the established breakpoint i.e., 4 µg/mL; 8 µg/mL and 16 µg/mL. Eighteen
dogs were randomly assigned to each block. The enro-CG group was treated with two drops of the referred
preparation (10 mg/eye) twice a day for 7 days, and the cipro-G group was treated with four drops of a 0.3%
commercially available ciprofloxacin eye-drop preparation (9 mg/eye) twice a day, also for 7 days. Clinical and
bacteriological cure rates were evaluated.

Results:
Enro-C-treated dogs achieved a clinical cure one day earlier than ciprofloxacin-treated dogs, and unlike
this latter group, enro-CG achieved bacteriological cure in all cases. No side effects were observed in either
group, but dogs treated with enro-C showed no discomfort, allowing easier treatment-compliance.

Conclusion:
This is the first study reported on the successful formulation of enrofloxacin as an ophthalmic solution.
Clinical assessment reveals outstanding clinical efficacy. It is necessary to conduct further research on
clinical efficacy and toxicity, with the chronic use of this preparation under different clinical challenges.
Mechanochemical Synthesis of Slow-release Fertilizers: A Review
Authors: AlShamaileh Ehab , Al-Rawajfeh Aiman E. , Alrbaihat Mohammad 
Published: February 2018

Aims/Objective:This review discusses the processes and applications associated with the mechanochemical synthesis of Slow-Release Fertilizers (SRF) from different resources.Explanation:The effect of mineral fertilizers on the environment and on living species will be discussed. Moreover, various aspects related to fertilizers production and applications are illustrated. It is found that solid-solid mechanical interaction initiates chemical reactions by lowering their energy of activation when compared to other thermochemical processes. Since milling is an important industrial operation, its contribution to materials processing is discussed.Conclusion:In general, SRFs increase the value of nutrient uptake in plants and reduces energy consumption and labor costs.
A escola como entreposto cultural: o cultural e o simbólico no desenvolvimento democrático da escola
Authors: Torres Leonor Lima 
Published: February 2018

Sujeita a uma multiplicidade de condicionamentos externos de grau e natureza distintos, a escola pública nunca, como nos dias de hoje, se viu confrontada com tantas diversidades culturais, sociais, politicas e ideológicas, que tanto a desafiam à assunção de lógicas de reconfiguração e mudança, como igualmente a colocam numa permanente tensão face à necessidade de preservar a sua matriz identitária, historicamente sedimentada. E é justamente perante este dilema estabelecido entre os factores de ordem externa que quotidianamente invadem as escolas (administração central e periférica, comunidades locais, entre outros) e os factores de natureza interna à escola (sociabilidades, práticas de convívio, rituais, costumes, tradições) que se jogam novas possibilidades de repensar o desenvolvimento democrático das escolas. Neste artigo retomámos a ideia de escola como entreposto cultural (Torres, 2004) — um espaço de cruzamento de culturas, de metamorfoses quotidianas de poder e de conflito, de relações diferenciadas entre actores escolares e educativos —, com o propósito de clarificar a relevância das dimensões culturais e simbólicas da organização escolar no desenvolvimento de processos de inovação e mudança e na exploração de (possíveis) vínculos de assessoria educativa. A nossa reflexão não deixará, por isso, de interrogar criticamente as temporalidades e as lógicas de acção num suposto novo espaço escolar, questionando o papel que os consequentes inputs culturais e políticos assumem na construção da autonomia e da escola democrática. Palavras-chave: Cultura escolar; Cultura organizacional escolar; Autonomia democrática da escola
O IDEB e a construção de um modelo de accountability na educação básica brasileira
Authors: Schneider Marilda Pasqual , Nardi Elton Luiz 
Published: February 2018

O objetivo deste estudo é analisar o Índice de Desenvolvimento da EducaçãoBásica (IDEB), enquanto uma medida do governo brasileiro para aferir odesempenho educacional dos estudantes. A análise toma como referência oconceito de accountability, tal como proposto por alguns autores, e procura verificar quais variáveis das que integram um sistema completo estão mais presentes na política encampada pela via do IDEB, como elas se relacionam e em que medida o índice, criado em 2007 para aferir a qualidade da educação básica brasileira, permite avançar em relação às concepções predominantes de accountability, nomeadamente as que integram avaliações externas, prestação de contas e responsabilização como elementos de uma política educacional de qualidade. Com base no tensionamento entre as variáveis que compõem um sistema abrangente e complexo, assinala potencialidades do IDEB considerando condições de superação de visões reducionistas e conservadoras de accountability educacional. Palavras-chave: IDEB; Accountability educacional; Educação básica brasileira; Qualidade da educação
A Mobile Health Platform for Clinical Monitoring in Early Psychosis: Implementation in Community-Based Outpatient Early Psychosis Care
Authors: Kumar Divya , Tully Laura M , Iosif Ana-Maria , Zakskorn Lauren N , Nye Kathleen E , Zia Aqsa , Niendam Tara Ann 
Published: February 2018

BackgroundA growing body of literature indicates that smartphone technology is a feasible add-on tool in the treatment of individuals with early psychosis (EP) . However, most studies to date have been conducted independent of outpatient care or in a research clinic setting, often with financial incentives to maintain user adherence to the technology. Feasibility of dissemination and implementation of smartphone technology into community mental health centers (CMHCs) has yet to be tested, and whether young adults with EP will use this technology for long periods of time without incentive is unknown. Furthermore, although EP individuals willingly adopt smartphone technology as part of their treatment, it remains unclear whether providers are amenable to integrating smartphone technology into treatment protocols.ObjectiveThis study aimed to establish the feasibility of implementing a smartphone app and affiliated Web-based dashboard in 4 community outpatient EP clinics in Northern California.MethodsEP individuals in 4 clinics downloaded an app on their smartphone and responded to daily surveys regarding mood and symptoms for up to 5 months. Treatment providers at the affiliated clinics viewed survey responses on a secure Web-based dashboard in sessions with their clients and between appointments. EP clients and treatment providers filled out satisfaction surveys at study end regarding usability of the app.ResultsSixty-one EP clients and 20 treatment providers enrolled in the study for up to 5 months. Forty-one EP clients completed the study, and all treatment providers remained in the study for their duration in the clinic. Survey completion for all 61 EP clients was moderate: 40% and 39% for daily and weekly surveys, respectively. Completion rates were slightly higher in the participants who completed the study: 44% and 41% for daily and weekly surveys, respectively. Twenty-seven of 41 (66%) EP clients who completed the study and 11 of 13 (85%) treatment providers who responded to satisfaction surveys reported they would continue to use the app as part of treatment services. Six (15%; 6/41) clients and 3 providers (23%; 3/13) stated that technological glitches impeded their engagement with the platform.ConclusionsEP clients and treatment providers in community-based outpatient clinics are responsive to integrating smartphone technology into treatment services. There were logistical and technical challenges associated with enrolling individuals in CMHCs. To be most effective, implementing smartphone technology in CMHC EP care necessitates adequate technical staff and support for utilization of the platform.
¿Es la pedagogía la herramienta de la práctica docente? El caso de la evaluación
Authors: Suárez Licet Katerine 
Published: February 2018

El presente artículo busca mostrar la importancia de la integración de los saberes disciplinario y pedagógico en uno de los mecanismos de la práctica docente y al cual se le ha dado poca importancia en la propia práctica de la universidad: la evaluación. Se hace una reflexión discursiva desde la óptica del discente, ilustrando con casos de la realidad del programa de lengua castellana.
Sentido de investigación de lo real en educación
Authors: Perafán Echeverri Lucy 
Published: February 2018

Las expresiones, idas y venidas de análisis y concepciones en las disciplinas científicas y la práctica pedagógica de las mismas revelan que el sujeto en algún momento se encuentra con el temor del recuerdo y de la debí! Jad de no hacer conciencia del valor del conocimiento. Parece inverosímil que el conocimiento tenga relación con la sinrazón. Es decir, a menudo resulta más fácil aceptar una cosa que comprenderla.
Epistemologia da práxis e a produção do conhecimento
Authors: SOUZA Ruth Catarina Cerqueira Ribeiro de , MAGALHÃES Solange Martins Oliveira 
Published: February 2018

O domínio da epistemologia é a ferramenta de que o homem dispõe para cuidar da orientação da produção do conhecimento, pois ajuda os sujeitos no entendimento e na intervenção no mundo natural e no mundo social. Nesse sentido, neste artigo trabalha-se a questão da epistemologia da práxis, referendada no método materialista histórico-dialético, como base da construção do conhecimento científico crítico e emancipador. Sustenta-se que, ao nortear os passos da produção acadêmica, gera-se um processo epistêmico que transcorre, explicitamente, no terreno da consciência, da interioridade, da desalienação, pois gerador de conhecimento significativo que conscientiza e emancipa, assegurando base crítica acerca das relações entre o epistêmico e o social. Palavras-chave: Epistemologia. Pesquisa. Professores. Conhecimento.
Avaliação do clima escolar por estudantes e professores: construção e validação de instrumentos de medida
Authors: Moro Adriano , Morais Alessandra De , Vinha Telma Pileggi , Tognetta Luciene Regina Paulino 
Published: February 2018

O presente estudo objetivou a construção e análise de evidências de validação de instrumentos de medida para avaliar o clima escolar, na perspectiva de alunos e professores dos anos finais do Ensino Fundamental. Após revisão de pesquisas nacionais e internacionais que investigavam o clima escolar, foram elaboradas uma matriz de referência e itens avaliativos adequados às escolas brasileiras. Feita a análise de conteúdo por especialistas, foram aplicados em uma amostra de 797 alunos e 243 professores de escolas públicas e particulares. Para validação de construto, foi utilizado o modelo teórico Reflexivo, em que, no procedimento de Análise Fatorial Confirmatória, foram obtidas cargas fatoriais significantes, nos diferentes instrumentos. Palavras-chave: Avaliação do Clima Escolar. Construção e Validação de Instrumentos. Realidade Escolar Brasileira.
Influence of microstructural parameters of indefinite chill alloys on flexural strength and Young's modulus
Authors: Paar Armin , Schneider Reinhold , Sommitsch Christof 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
The investigated indefinite chill materials are designed for highest wear resistances for surface-critical applications in hot strip mills. The microstructure consists of tempered martensite together with cementite and MC carbides as well as a certain amount of graphite in different morphologies. These alloys have very high hardness values and a poor toughness which makes it rather difficult to measure the mechanical properties with standard testing methods. These materials were successfully tested with the 4-point bending method and reliable and comprehensible values for the flexural strength and the Young's modulus were generated. A clear correlation between those values and the total amount of carbides and graphite was found. Also, both values are dependent from the shape of the graphite precipitations. The investigations prove that the 4-point bending test is a feasible method to test the mechanical properties of indefinite chill alloys.