bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The properties of the kinematically distinct components in NGC 448 and NGC 4365
Authors: Nedelchev B. , Coccato L. , Corsini E. M. , Sarzi M. , de Zeeuw T. , Pizzella A. , Dalla Bontà E. , Iodice E. , Morelli L. 
Published: March 2019

Aims. We study the kinematically distinct components in two early-type galaxies NGC 448 and NGC 4365 aided by integral-field observations with the Multi-Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) on the Very Large Telescope. The former galaxy has previously been shown to host a counter-rotating stellar disc while the latter harbours a central (apparently) decoupled core that has been suggested to not be physically distinct from the main body and instead stems from the different orbital types in the core and main body due to its triaxial nature. We aim to measure the brightness profiles, kinematics, and stellar population properties of the peculiar kinematic structures in these galaxies and shed light on their true nature and formation mechanism.Methods. We use a kinematic decomposition technique to separate the individual contributions to the spectra of the two distinct kinematic components observed at each spatial position in the field of view. Furthermore, by folding back the outcome of a photometric decomposition we reduce the intrinsic degeneracies in recovering the kinematics and the best-fitting stellar spectral templates. Finally, by extracting the Lick line-strength indices for the individual components and fitting them to single stellar population models we derive their ages, metallicities, andα/Fe overabundances.Results. The two kinematically decoupled stellar components in NGC 448 have similar ages, but different chemical compositions. The distinct kinematic feature in NGC 448 has a nearly exponential surface-brightness light profile, dominates in the innermost ∼10″, is smaller in size, and is very likely an embedded counter-rotating disc as also indicated by its kinematics. It has higher metallicity than the main galaxy stellar body and lowerα/Fe overabundance. By contrast, we do not find evidence for true decoupling in the two distinct kinematic components in NGC 4365. This confirms earlier work suggesting that the kinematically distinct core is likely not a separate dynamical structure, but most certainly likely a projection effect stemming from the orbital structure of this galaxy that was previously found to be intrinsically triaxial in shape.Conclusions. Our findings indicate that the kinematically decoupled component in NGC 448 is truly decoupled, has external origin, and was formed through either the acquisition of gas and a subsequent star-formation episode or from the direct accretion of stars from a companion. Conversely, the presence of a kinematically distinct component in NGC 4365 is not associated to a true kinematic decoupling and is instead most likely due to a projection effect stemming from the triaxial nature of this galaxy.
Supraglottiskarzinom: Erfahrungen mit der transoralen
Roboter-Chirurgie
Authors: Kapsreiter Markus 
Published: March 2019

Karabulut B et al. Comparison of functional and oncological treatment outcomes
after transoral robotic surgery and open surgery for supraglottic laryngeal
cancer. J Laryngol Otol 2018; 132: 832–836
Die Behandlungsmöglichkeiten eines Supraglottiskarzinoms umfassen offene
Supraglottis-Laryngektomie, transorale Lasertherapie, transorale
Roboterchirurgie und Chemotherapie. Ärzte der HNO-Klinik des
Ümraniye-Krankenhauses in Istanbul verglichen die Behandlungsergebnisse bei
Patienten mit supraglottischen Tumoren des Larynxkarzinoms, die mittels
einer transoralen robotischen Laryngektomie und einer offenen Laryngektomie
behandelt wurden.
IWR-1 Inhibits Collagen-Induced Platelet Activation and Protects against Thrombogenesis
Authors: Wang Wei , Lai Songqing , Xiao ZiJin , Yan Haiyue , Li Yongxi , Zhang Ye , Wu Yanqing , Wang Ling 
Published: March 2019

AbstractPlatelets play a crucial role in haemostasis and several pathophysiological processes. Collagen is a main initiator for platelet activation and aggregation. Given that Wnt signalling negatively regulates platelet function, and IWR-1 (a small molecule inhibitor for Wnt signalling) has the potential of inhibiting collagen synthesis, it is essential to investigate whether IWR-1 regulates collagen-induced platelet activation and protects against thrombogenesis. In the present study we found that IWR-1 pretreatment effectively suppressed collagen-induced platelet aggregation in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, IWR-1 also resulted in a decrease of P-selectin and phosphatidylserine surface exposure using fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis. In vitro studies further revealed that IWR-1 had a negative effect on integrin a2β1 activation and platelet spreading. More importantly, the results from in vivo studies showed that IWR-1 exhibited a robust bleeding diathesis in the tail-bleeding assay and a prolonged occlusion time in the FeCl3-induced carotid injury model. Taken together, current results demonstrate that IWR-1 could effectively block collagen-induced platelet activity in vitro and in vivo, and suggest its candidacy as a new antiplatelet agent.
A Cluster of Pediatric Invasive Group A Streptococcus Disease in Melbourne, Australia, Coinciding with a High-Burden Influenza Season
Authors: Wong Nicole X. , Crawford Nigel W. , Oliver Jane , McMinn Alissa , Ching Natasha S. , Baker Ciara , Smeesters Pierre R. , Daley Andrew J. , Steer Andrew C. 
Published: March 2019

Background Invasive group A streptococcal disease (IGAS) carries significant morbidity and mortality in children. Fluctuations in disease incidence are well documented. However, the modulating factors that contribute to these changes remain unclear. Prospective monitoring of IGAS cases in Victoria, Australia, showed an increased number of cases in 2017, coinciding with a peak of influenza illness.
Methods Children identified to have IGAS are prospectively monitored in Melbourne through a disease surveillance network. Data on their presentation, investigations, and clinical course are collected. An increased number of cases identified between June 1, 2017, and October 31, 2017, have been retrospectively analyzed.
Results We identified 22 cases of pediatric IGAS during the study period. Increased case detection occurred during a period of increased influenza disease. Of 11 children in our cohort who underwent respiratory viral testing, 4 were confirmed to have concurrent respiratory tract illnesses, and 2 were confirmed to have influenza.
Free-Flap Reconstruction of the Tongue
Authors: Vincent Aurora , Kohlert Scott , Lee Thomas , Inman Jared , Ducic Yadranko 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe tongue is paramount to natural speech and swallowing, and good tongue function is important in the overall quality of life. Autologous free-flap reconstruction of the tongue after glossectomy allows for adequate speech, swallow, and quality-of-life outcomes in a majority of patients. Herein, the authors review autologous free-flap reconstruction of the tongue with a focus on different flap options, speech and swallow outcomes, quality-of-life outcomes, and factors that affect how patients perform after tongue reconstruction.
Free-Flap Reconstruction of Skull Base and Orbital Defects
Authors: Wang Weitao , Vincent Aurora , Sokoya Mofiyinfolu , Kohlert Scott , Kadakia Sameep , Ducic Yadranko 
Published: March 2019

AbstractOrbital and anterior skull base defects present a significant challenge for reconstruction due to the complexity of the anatomy and the need for separation of intracranial and extracranial contents in this area. While endoscopic techniques have revolutionized the treatment of many anterior skull base defects, microvascular free tissue transfer is a viable option for large volume defects not suitable for traditional open approaches or for cases where endoscopic techniques have failed. The various free tissue transfer techniques for anterior skull base and orbit, as well as the advantages and disadvantages, are reviewed.
Acetaminophen Hepatotoxicity
Authors: Ramachandran Anup , Jaeschke Hartmut 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAcetaminophen (APAP) is one of the most popular and safe pain medications worldwide. However, due to its wide availability, it is frequently implicated in intentional or unintentional overdoses where it can cause severe liver injury and even acute liver failure (ALF). In fact, APAP toxicity is responsible for 46% of all ALF cases in the United States. Early mechanistic studies in mice demonstrated the formation of a reactive metabolite, which is responsible for hepatic glutathione depletion and initiation of the toxicity. This insight led to the rapid introduction of N-acetylcysteine as a clinical antidote. However, more recently, substantial progress was made in further elucidating the detailed mechanisms of APAP-induced cell death. Mitochondrial protein adducts trigger a mitochondrial oxidant stress, which requires amplification through a MAPK cascade that ultimately results in activation of c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) in the cytosol and translocation of phospho-JNK to the mitochondria. The enhanced oxidant stress is responsible for the membrane permeability transition pore opening and the membrane potential breakdown. The ensuing matrix swelling causes the release of intermembrane proteins such as endonuclease G, which translocate to the nucleus and induce DNA fragmentation. These pathophysiological signaling mechanisms can be additionally modulated by removing damaged mitochondria by autophagy and replacing them by mitochondrial biogenesis. Importantly, most of the mechanisms have been confirmed in human hepatocytes and indirectly through biomarkers in plasma of APAP overdose patients. The extensive necrosis caused by APAP overdose leads to a sterile inflammatory response. Although recruitment of inflammatory cells is necessary for removal of cell debris in preparation for regeneration, these cells have the potential to aggravate the injury. This review touches on the newest insight into the intracellular mechanisms of APAP-induced cells death and the resulting inflammatory response. Furthermore, it discusses the translation of these findings to humans and the emergence of new therapeutic interventions.
Management of Pathologic Fractures Around the Hip: Part 1–Femur
Authors: Auran Richard L. , Duran Michael D. , de Comas Amalia M. , Jacofsky David J. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractEvaluation and management of suspected pathologic fractures, secondary to metastatic disease, require a comprehensive understanding of the underlying disease process and a multidisciplinary treatment approach. Recognition of a pathologic fracture can be challenging, and the diagnosis today remains often missed, but is necessary for appropriate care. The incidence of cancer in the United States is on the rise, and with advances in medical and surgical care the prevalence of cancer is increasing as well. This will result in a similar trend of increased incidence and prevalence of metastatic disease requiring treatment from orthopaedic surgeons. The proximal femur is the most common location for metastatic lesions in the appendicular skeleton, and as such sees a disproportionate number of pathologic fractures. This site of injury is particularly challenging to manage due to the transmission of high forces through this region during ambulation. A combination of adjunct therapies and surgical intervention will maximize the outcomes for these patients. Obtaining a tissue diagnosis, especially in the setting of a solitary bone lesion, is a crucial and required early step in this process.
Role of contacts in long-range protein conductance
Authors: Zhang Bintian , Song Weisi , Pang Pei , Lai Huafang , Chen Qiang , Zhang Peiming , Lindsay Stuart 
Published: March 2019

Significance
The measured electronic properties of proteins are known to depend critically on contacts, although little is known at the single-molecule level. Here, we have measured the conductance of single-protein molecules in their natural aqueous environment, but in conditions where no ion current flows, finding large conductances (nanosiemens) over long paths (many nanometers) when the protein is tethered by chemical contacts formed by binding-specific ligands. This provides a method for forming reliable contacts to proteins, and for the specific detection of single molecules. Thus, single antibodies, such as anti-Ebola IgG, can be detected electrically when they bind a peptide epitope tethered to electrodes, with no background signal from molecules that do not bind specifically.
Aristoteles im Spiegel antiker Biographien
Authors: Flashar Hellmut 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
There is much ancient material about the biographical tradition concerning Aristotle. The analysis in this article
is limited to two very different, but representive Vitae, the Vita of Diogenes Laertius and the
so called Vita Marciana. Both Vitae are also representatives of a certain sight on
Aristotle.
Topological Devil’s staircase in atomic two-leg ladders
Authors: Barbarino S , Rossini D , Rizzi M , Fazio R , Santoro G E , Dalmonte M 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
We show that a hierarchy of topological phases in one dimension—a topological Devil’s staircase—can emerge at fractional filling fractions in interacting systems, whose single-particle band structure describes a topological or a crystalline topological insulator. Focusing on a specific example in the BDI class, we present a field-theoretical argument based on bosonization that indicates how the system, as a function of the filling fraction, hosts a series of density waves. Subsequently, based on a numerical investigation of the low-lying energy spectrum, Wilczek–Zee phases, and entanglement spectra, we show that they are symmetry protected topological phases. In sharp contrast to the non-interacting limit, these topological density waves do not follow the bulk-edge correspondence, as their edge modes are gapped. We then discuss how these results are immediately applicable to models in the AIII class, and to crystalline topological insulators protected by inversion symmetry. Our findings are immediately relevant to cold atom experiments with alkaline-earth atoms in optical lattices, where the band structure properties we exploit have been recently realized.
Steel Traps
Authors: Nelson Dana D 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Winfried Fluck’s “The Limits of Critique and the Affordances of Form” is hard to argue against. Our field largely rejects individual and collective agency, citing the enormity and ubiquity of the forces arrayed against human actors. And we largely reject the notion of historical progress. Fluck’s conclusion, however, calling on us to think beyond method by critically reevaluating the historical philosophy and aims on which our methods are based, does not offer us a path forward. Others engaging with these questions have offered suggestions. This essay surveys some and hazards that our sense of critical powerlessness in this era of declining English major enrollments may be related to our discipline’s confusion over and/or rejection of what we are actually doing as a discipline. This confusion has emerged from our commitment to theory—in its many directions and manifestations—in place of literature. Ultimately it advocates for a renewed disciplinary and pedagogical investment in literary method and value, and in simultaneously reclaiming a progressive relation to the democracy we have now, animated by the self-critical understanding that our vision of beauty, of good, of personhood, of a democratic future are neither fact nor inevitable, but instead opinions that must contend, always provisionally, with opinions of others, in public.
Interoperable and scalable data analysis with microservices: applications in metabolomics
Authors: Emami Khoonsari Payam , Moreno Pablo , Bergmann Sven , Burman Joachim , Capuccini Marco , Carone Matteo , Cascante Marta , de Atauri Pedro , Foguet Carles , Gonzalez-Beltran Alejandra N , Hankemeier Thomas , Haug Kenneth , He Sijin , Herman Stephanie , Johnson David , Kale Namrata , Larsson Anders , Neumann Steffen , Peters Kristian , Pireddu Luca , Rocca-Serra Philippe , Roger Pierrick , Rueedi Rico , Ruttkies Christoph , Sadawi Noureddin , Salek Reza M , Sansone Susanna-Assunta , Schober Daniel , Selivanov Vitaly , Thévenot Etienne A , van Vliet Michael , Zanetti Gianluigi , Steinbeck Christoph , Kultima Kim , Spjuth Ola 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Motivation
Developing a robust and performant data analysis workflow that integrates all necessary components whilst still being able to scale over multiple compute nodes is a challenging task. We introduce a generic method based on the microservice architecture, where software tools are encapsulated as Docker containers that can be connected into scientific workflows and executed using the Kubernetes container orchestrator.

Results
We developed a Virtual Research Environment (VRE) which facilitates rapid integration of new tools and developing scalable and interoperable workflows for performing metabolomics data analysis. The environment can be launched on-demand on cloud resources and desktop computers. IT-expertise requirements on the user side are kept to a minimum, and workflows can be re-used effortlessly by any novice user. We validate our method in the field of metabolomics on two mass spectrometry, one nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and one fluxomics study. We showed that the method scales dynamically with increasing availability of computational resources. We demonstrated that the method facilitates interoperability using integration of the major software suites resulting in a turn-key workflow encompassing all steps for mass-spectrometry-based metabolomics including preprocessing, statistics and identification. Microservices is a generic methodology that can serve any scientific discipline and opens up for new types of large-scale integrative science.

Availability and implementation
The PhenoMeNal consortium maintains a web portal (https://portal.phenomenal-h2020.eu) providing a GUI for launching the Virtual Research Environment. The GitHub repository https://github.com/phnmnl/ hosts the source code of all projects.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
VIMCO: variational inference for multiple correlated outcomes in genome-wide association studies
Authors: Shi Xingjie , Jiao Yuling , Yang Yi , Cheng Ching-Yu , Yang Can , Lin Xinyi , Liu Jin 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Motivation
In genome-wide association studies (GWASs) where multiple correlated traits have been measured on participants, a joint analysis strategy, whereby the traits are analyzed jointly, can improve statistical power over a single-trait analysis strategy. There are two questions of interest to be addressed when conducting a joint GWAS analysis with multiple traits. The first question examines whether a genetic loci is significantly associated with any of the traits being tested. The second question focuses on identifying the specific trait(s) that is associated with the genetic loci. Since existing methods primarily focus on the first question, this article seeks to provide a complementary method that addresses the second question.

Results
We propose a novel method, Variational Inference for Multiple Correlated Outcomes (VIMCO) that focuses on identifying the specific trait that is associated with the genetic loci, when performing a joint GWAS analysis of multiple traits, while accounting for correlation among the multiple traits. We performed extensive numerical studies and also applied VIMCO to analyze two datasets. The numerical studies and real data analysis demonstrate that VIMCO improves statistical power over single-trait analysis strategies when the multiple traits are correlated and has comparable performance when the traits are not correlated.

Availability and implementation
The VIMCO software can be downloaded from: https://github.com/XingjieShi/VIMCO.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
ppsPCP: a plant presence/absence variants scanner and pan-genome construction pipeline
Authors: Tahir Ul Qamar Muhammad , Zhu Xitong , Xing Feng , Chen Ling-Ling 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Summary
Since the idea of pan-genomics emerged several tools and pipelines have been introduced for prokaryotic pan-genomics. However, not a single comprehensive pipeline has been reported which could overcome multiple challenges associated with eukaryotic pan-genomics. To aid the eukaryotic pan-genomic studies, here we present ppsPCP pipeline which is designed for eukaryotes especially for plants. It is capable of scanning presence/absence variants (PAVs) and constructing a fully annotated pan-genome. We believe with these unique features of PAV scanning and building a pan-genome together with its annotation, ppsPCP will be useful for plant pan-genomic studies and aid researchers to study genetic/phenotypic variations and genomic diversity.

Availability and implementation
The ppsPCP is freely available at github DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2567390 and webpage http://cbi.hzau.edu.cn/ppsPCP/.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
The Populism of Online Communities: Constructing the Boundary Between “Blameless” People and “Culpable” Others
Authors: Hameleers Michael 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Populism has become prevalent all across the globe. To date, however, we know too little about the ways in which populist discourse is constructed by citizens on social media. To advance the field, this study draws on a qualitative content analysis of Facebook posts by ordinary citizens in the Netherlands. The results indicate that Facebook offers a discursive opportunity structure for Dutch citizens to vent their populist discontent and to interact with like-minded others. Online populist discourse on Facebook is hostile and uncivil, predominately targeted at the elites and marginalized groups in society. By providing insights into how ordinary citizens construct the boundary between “us” and “them,” this article enhances our understanding of the construction of citizens’ populist discourse on social network sites (SNSs), and how these expressions contradict the principles of democratic communication.
Associations between Neighborhood SES and Functional Brain Network Development
Authors: Tooley Ursula A , Mackey Allyson P , Ciric Rastko , Ruparel Kosha , Moore Tyler M , Gur Ruben C , Gur Raquel E , Satterthwaite Theodore D , Bassett Danielle S 
Published: March 2019

AbstractHigher socioeconomic status (SES) in childhood is associated with stronger cognitive abilities, higher academic achievement, and lower incidence of mental illness later in development. While prior work has mapped the associations between neighborhood SES and brain structure, little is known about the relationship between SES and intrinsic neural dynamics. Here, we capitalize upon a large cross-sectional community-based sample (Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort, ages 8–22 years, n = 1012) to examine associations between age, SES, and functional brain network topology. We characterize this topology using a local measure of network segregation known as the clustering coefficient and find that it accounts for a greater degree of SES-associated variance than mesoscale segregation captured by modularity. High-SES youth displayed stronger positive associations between age and clustering than low-SES youth, and this effect was most pronounced for regions in the limbic, somatomotor, and ventral attention systems. The moderating effect of SES on positive associations between age and clustering was strongest for connections of intermediate length and was consistent with a stronger negative relationship between age and local connectivity in these regions in low-SES youth. Our findings suggest that, in late childhood and adolescence, neighborhood SES is associated with variation in the development of functional network structure in the human brain.