bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diverse manifestations of the mid-Pleistocene climate transition
Authors: Sun Youbin , Yin Qiuzhen , Crucifix Michel , Clemens Steven C. , Araya-Melo Pablo , Liu Weiguo , Qiang Xiaoke , Liu Qingsong , Zhao Hui , Liang Lianji , Chen Hongyun , Li Ying , Zhang Li , Dong Guocheng , Li Ming , Zhou Weijian , Berger Andre , An Zhisheng 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe mid-Pleistocene transition (MPT) is widely recognized as a shift in paleoclimatic periodicity from 41- to 100-kyr cycles, which largely reflects integrated changes in global ice volume, sea level, and ocean temperature from the marine realm. However, much less is known about monsoon-induced terrestrial vegetation change across the MPT. Here, on the basis of a 1.7-million-year δ13C record of loess carbonates from the Chinese Loess Plateau, we document a unique MPT reflecting terrestrial vegetation changes from a dominant 23-kyr periodicity before 1.2 Ma to combined 100, 41, and 23-kyr cycles after 0.7 Ma, very different from the conventional MPT characteristics. Model simulations further reveal that the MPT transition likely reflects decreased sensitivity of monsoonal hydroclimate to insolation forcing as the Northern Hemisphere became increasingly glaciated through the MPT. Our proxy-model comparison suggests varied responses of temperature and precipitation to astronomical forcing under different ice/CO2 boundary conditions, which greatly improves our understanding of monsoon variability and dynamics from the natural past to the anthropogenic future.
A broadband achromatic polarization-insensitive metalens consisting of anisotropic nanostructures
Authors: Chen Wei Ting , Zhu Alexander Y. , Sisler Jared , Bharwani Zameer , Capasso Federico 
Published: January 2019

AbstractMetasurfaces have attracted widespread attention due to an increasing demand of compact and wearable optical devices. For many applications, polarization-insensitive metasurfaces are highly desirable, and appear to limit the choice of their constituent elements to isotropic nanostructures. This greatly restricts the number of geometric parameters available in design. Here, we demonstrate a polarization-insensitive metalens using otherwise anisotropic nanofins which offer additional control over the dispersion and phase of the output light. As a result, we can render a metalens achromatic and polarization-insensitive across nearly the entire visible spectrum from wavelength λ = 460 nm to 700 nm, while maintaining diffraction-limited performance. The metalens is comprised of just a single layer of TiO2 nanofins and has a numerical aperture of 0.2 with a diameter of 26.4 µm. The generality of our polarization-insensitive design allows it to be implemented in a plethora of other metasurface devices with applications ranging from imaging to virtual/augmented reality.
Guideline-Oriented Therapy of Lower Extremity Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) – Current Data and Perspectives
Authors: Kersting Jonas , Kamper Lars , Das Marco , Haage Patrick 
Published: January 2019

Background Because of the demographic change, lower extremity peripheral artery disease (PAD) is becoming increasingly relevant with respect to health economics. PAD patients often suffer from multiple diseases. Consequently, therapy is commonly complex and requires an interdisciplinary approach. Because of rapid technical developments, interventional endovascular therapy regimens play an increasingly important role.
Method Review and literature search on the basis of the current German S3 guidelines on the therapy of PAD as well as international guidelines. In terms of state-of-the-art therapies, relevant current studies were considered.
Results Knowledge of existing guidelines and recommendations as well as new therapeutic approaches is essential for the adequate therapy of PAD patients. A close cooperation between the interventional radiologist and the vascular surgeon is the key to success. In addition to established conservative approaches and invasive bypass surgery, the endovascular approach has been a mainstay in the TASC A and B environment for years. It has recently shown promising results in advanced PAD conditions, such as TASC C and D. An endovascular-first strategy is defined in most guidelines.
Conclusion A primarily endovascular-first strategy has become the standard in the majority of even complex lesions of the lower extremity arterial system. Regarding the crural segment, a decrease in mortality compared to bypass surgery has been demonstrated. Further evidence can be expected from ongoing randomized multicenter trials.
Key Points:
Citation Format
Management and Surveillance of Frontal Sinus Violation following Craniotomy
Authors: Farag Alexander , Rosen Marc R. , Ziegler Natalie , Rimmer Ryan A. , Evans James J. , Farrell Christopher J. , Nyquist Gurston G. 
Published: January 2019

Objectives In the setting of craniotomy, complications after traversing the frontal sinus can lead to mucocele formation and frontal sinusitis. We review the etiology of frontal sinus violation, timeline to mucocele development, intraoperative management of the violated sinus, and treatment of frontal mucoceles.
Design Case series in conjunction with a literature review.
Participants A total of 35 patients were included in this meta-analysis. Nine of these patients were treated at a tertiary academic medical center between 2005 and 2014. The remaining patients were identified through a literature review for which 2,763 articles were identified, of which 4 articles met inclusion criteria.
Main Outcomes Measures Etiology of frontal violation, timeline to mucocele development, and method of management.
Results The overall interval from initial frontal sinus violation until mucocele identification was 14.5 years, with a range of 3 months to 36 years. The most common cause of mucocele formation was obstruction of the frontal recess with incomplete removal of the frontal sinus mucosa. The majority of patients were successfully managed with an endoscopic endonasal approach.
Conclusions Violation of the frontal sinus during craniotomy can result in mucocele formation as an early or late sequela. Image guidance may help avoid unnecessary frontal sinus violation. Mucoceles may develop decades after the initial frontal sinus violation, and long-term follow-up with imaging is recommended. While the endoscopic endonasal approach is usually the preferred method to treat these lesions, it may be necessary to perform obliteration or cranialization in unique situations.
Improved Surgical Safety via Intraoperative Navigation for Transnasal Transsphenoidal Resection of Pituitary Adenomas
Authors: Achey Rebecca L. , Karsy Michael , Azab Mohammed A. , Scoville Jonathan , Kundu Bornali , Bowers Christian A. , Couldwell William T. 
Published: January 2019

Objectives Intraoperative navigation during neurosurgery can aid in the detection of critical structures and target lesions. The safety and efficacy of intraoperative, stereotactic computed tomography (CT) in the transnasal transsphenoidal resection of pituitary adenomas were explored.
Design Retrospective chart review
Setting Tertiary care hospital
Participants Patients who underwent transsphenoidal resection of pituitary adenomas from February 2002 to May 2017. Intraoperative stereotactic CT navigation was used for all patients after mid-October 2013.
Main Outcome Measures Operative time, estimated blood loss, gross total resection rate.
Results Of 634 patients included, 175 underwent surgery with intraoperative navigation and 444 had no intraoperative navigation during surgery. There was no difference in mean age, sex, tumor type, or tumor size between the two groups. Operative time, endoscope use, cerebrospinal fluid diversion, and estimated blood loss were also similar. Two patients showed intraoperative, iatrogenic misdirection in the absence of stereotactic CT navigation (p = 0.99) but similar numbers of patients having navigated and non-navigated surgery returned to the operating room, underwent gross total resection, and showed endocrinological normalization.
Conclusions These results suggest that intraoperative navigation can reduce injury without resulting in increased operative time, estimated blood loss, or reduction in gross total resection.
Hypophosphatemia is Prevalent among Preterm Infants Less than 1,500 Grams
Authors: Al-Wassia Heidi , Lyon Andrew W. , Rose Sarah M. , Sauve Reginald S. , Fenton Tanis R. 
Published: January 2019

Objective This article identifies the prevalence and associated factors of hypophosphatemia (HP) in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants in the first week of life.
Study Design Prospective exploratory cohort study of 106 consecutive VLBW infants admitted to neonatal intensive care at Foothills Hospital, Calgary, Canada. HP was defined as at least one measurement of serum phosphate < 1.5 mmol/L (4.5 mg/dL).
Results Seventy-seven percent (82/106) of the VLBW infants had HP, with significantly higher prevalence in infants < 1,000 g (94%) compared to infants ≥ 1,000 g (61%) (p < 0.001). Hypophosphatemic infants had lower birth weight (p < 0.001), gestational age (p < 0.001), and their increase in phosphate intake was slower (p = 0.003). Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) (p = 0.002), intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) ≥ grade III (p = 0.020), and hyperglycemia (p = 0.013) were more frequent among hypophosphatemic infants, especially among those < 1,000 g. Mortality, seizures, arrhythmias, and need for transfusion were not different between groups. Birth weight modified the association between RDS, IVH, hyperglycemia, and HP.
Conclusion HP was ubiquitous among infants < 1,000 g and highly prevalent among those weighing 1,000 to 1,500 g. While the direction of effect was not clear, RDS, IVH, and hyperglycemia were associated with HP. Prevention of HP in these physiologically immature neonates might improve neonatal outcomes.
Diagnostic Utility of Whole Exome Sequencing in the Neuromuscular Clinic
Authors: Pastore Matthew , Schrader Rachel , Sites Emily , Bartholomew Dennis , Tsao Chang-Yong , Flanigan Kevin , Waldrop Megan 
Published: January 2019

AbstractNext-generation sequencing is a powerful diagnostic tool, yet it has proven inadequate to establish a diagnosis in all cases of congenital hypotonia or childhood onset weakness. We sought to describe the impact of whole exome sequencing (WES), which has only recently become widely available clinically, on molecular diagnosis in the Nationwide Children's Hospital Neuromuscular clinics. We reviewed records of all patients in our clinic with pediatric onset of symptoms who had WES done since 2013. Patients were included if clinical suspicion was high for a neuromuscular disease. Clinical WES was performed in 30 families, representing 31 patients, all of whom were seen for hypotonia, weakness, or gait disturbance. Probands had between 2 and 12 genetic diagnostic tests prior to obtaining WES. A genetic diagnosis was established in 11 families (37%), and in 12 patients (39%), with mutations in 10 different genes. Five of these genes have only been associated with disease since 2013, and were not previously represented on clinically available disease gene panels. Our results confirm the utility of WES in the clinical setting, particularly for genetically heterogeneous syndromes. The availability of WES can provide an end to the diagnostic odyssey for parents and allow for expansion of phenotypes.
The role of referential givenness in Dutch alternating presentational constructions
Authors: Belligh Thomas 
Published: January 2019

AbstractPresentational constructions are linguistic structures that can convey all-focus utterances with no topic constituent that serve to introduce a referentially new entity or event into the discourse. Like many other languages, Dutch has several presentational constructions, including a Prosodic Inversion Construction (PIC), a Syntactic Inversion with Filler Insertion Construction (SIFIC) and a Non-Prototypical Cleft Construction (NPC). This article investigates these structures as alternating presentational constructions and focuses on referential givenness as a possible factor influencing the alternation. Based on a data elicitation task, referential givenness is shown to play a role in the choice of alternant. The PIC is predominantly used with unused/inactive and accessible Mental Representations of Referents (MRRs), but it can also contain brand-new MRRs. The NPC is exclusively used with brand-new MRRs. The SIFIC is used mostly with brand-new MRRs, but it can also contain accessible MRRs, in particular in positions other than the syntactic subject. The data elicitation task yielded a number of additional Dutch linguistic structures that could also be considered presentational constructions, including a construction with a perception verb used in a weak verb-like fashion and a construction with an existential sentence combined with a coordinated canonical topic-comment clause.
French adverbial cleft sentences
Authors: De Cesare Anna-Maria 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe goal of this contribution is to deepen our knowledge of French cleft sentences through the study of a special category of clefts calledadverbial clefts. The issues that we will address concern their form, discourse frequency and boundaries with resembling structures. In order to shed light on these issues, we start by defining the concept ofadverbialfrom a morphosyntactic and functional point of view. We then present a corpus-based description of the categories of adverbials that can be cleaved. Finally, we propose a general semantic principle capable of describing and explaining, in a coherent and unitary way, both the data obtained in our empirical study and found in the form of constructed examples in the existing literature. In addition to explaining why certain adverbials can be cleaved while others cannot, this principle also allows for a distinction to be made between two syntactic realizations of the structure ‘c’est Adv que p’, as well as for a solution to the controversial issue of the status of domain adverbials.
A focus analysis of apparent predicational clefts
Authors: Hartmann Jutta M. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis paper discusses a specific subclass of Englishit-clefts posited in the theoretical literature, so-called predicational clefts. The main point of the paper is to show that there is no need to postulate such a separate class. Predicational clefts look special because of the narrow focus on the adjective within an indefinite pivot, but their special properties can all be derived from this narrow focus in a focus analysis in whichit-clefts express contrasting focus. Contrasting focus means that besides the assertion of the proposition expressed in the cleft, there is one contrasting proposition which is excluded. The focus on the adjective in apparent predicational clefts gives rise to a narrow set of relevant alternatives, all of which differ only in the adjectival property within the pivot. The analysis developed here can account for many of the observations for apparent predicational clefts. Other properties are shown to be not conclusive. Thus, predicational clefts need not be considered a special subclass beyond their special focus characteristics.
The syntactic and discursive status ofc’est comme ça que(this is how) in spoken and written French
Authors: Sabio Frédéric , Roubaud Marie-Noëlle 
Published: January 2019

AbstractSeveral recent studies devoted to French clefts involving a pronominal/adverbial morpheme such aspour ça(for that),là(there),ainsi(like this),alors(then) andcomme ça(like this) demonstrate that these are likely to behave in two distinct ways, one of them being somewhat “non-prototypical” in comparison with the most commonly described narrow focus clefts. The subject of our article is to deepen the examination ofc’est comme ça quesequences (lit:it is like this that, “this is how”), since they have not yet received detailed attention as to their use in modern French. The 8,600,000 word corpus which was used indicates that such forms are considerably more frequent in spoken than in written data. After recalling some of the major syntactic characteristics of clefts, we will suggest that two distinct types ofc’est comme ça quesequences must be identified: the first type corresponds to the most prototypical clefts endowed with a “contrastive” effect related to the expression of manner; the second type, which will be described in greater detail, cannot be viewed as a cleft but rather as a specific discourse connector, which speakers mostly use in narrative texts, in order to introduce a consequence of the set of facts previously mentioned.
Matches and mismatches in Swedish [gå och V] ‘go/walk and V’
Authors: Andersson Peter , Blensenius Kristian 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis article studies the pseudo-coordination [gå‘go/walk’och‘and’V]. The construction has several meanings and it also has subordination counterparts in Modern Swedish, unlike most Swedish pseudo-coordinations. Our diachronic study shows that [gå ochV] cannot readily be reduced to the verbs in isolation and that synchronic lexicocentric perspectives based on syntactic (re)configurations cannot capture the constructional meaning such as the assumed inference of ‘surprise’ or ’unexpectedness’. We argue that a detailed analysis of the historical development makes the picture clearer.In the development of [gå och V], item-based analogy continuously facilitates new verbs in the V slot. At a certain stage, there is a mismatch between the agentivity of the construction and the non-agentivity of events denoted by the second verb. This mismatch is resolved by the override principle that forces non-agentive verbs to be interpreted agentively and promote a more abstract and lexicalized version of the construction. The exemplar-based view to constructions proposed by Bybee (2010,2013) seems favorable, since frequent exemplars of [gå ochV] allow for redundant or marginal features to serve as the model for novel expansions of the construction.
Match, mismatch, and envisioning transfer events
Authors: Gould Kevin M. , Michaelis Laura A. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Prior studies suggest that language users perform motoric simulations when construing action sentences and that
verbs and constructions each contribute to simulation-based representation (Glenberg &
Kaschak 2002; Richardson et al. 2003; Bergen et al. 2007; Bergen & Wheeler 2010). This raises the possibility
that motorically grounded verb and construction meanings can interact during sentence understanding. In this experiment, we use
the action-sentence compatibility effect methodology to investigate how a verb’s lexical-class membership, constructional context,
and constructional bias modulate motor simulation effects. Stimuli represent two classes of transfer verbs and two constructions
that encode transfer events, Ditransitive and Oblique Goal (Goldberg 1995). Findings
reveal two kinds of verb-construction interactions. First, verbs in their preferred construction generate stronger simulation
effects overall than those in their dispreferred construction. Second, verbs that entail change of possession generate strong
motor-simulation effects irrespective of constructional context, while those entailing causation of motion exert such effects only
when enriched up to change-of-possession verbs in the semantically mismatched Ditransitive context. We conclude that simulation
effects are not isolable to either verbs or constructions but instead arise from the interplay of verb and construction
meaning.
Motivation of ideal Chinese L2 self and global competence
Authors: Xie Yan 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
This article probes the motivation of ideal L2 self and perceptions of global competence of Chinese language learners taking high-level Chinese courses to fulfill degree requirements at a university on the East Coast of the United States. The results show
that the students envision an ideal L2 self with high speaking fluency, which they believe can develop their intercultural
communication skills and promote their future careers. It was also found that integrative motivation, in the past found
predominant among second language learners, is also a prominent form of motivation for foreign language learners in the 21st
century. The study provides evidence that the students’ perceptions of global competence still need to improve, but that learning
Chinese has contributed to the development of their global competence. The study demonstrates that motivation of ideal L2 self and
global competence complement each other. Informed by the results, the researcher suggests some pedagogical implications about
maintaining learner motivation, developing learners’ intercultural communication competence and perceptions of global competence,
and encouraging students to take higher-level language courses.
Common risks in the translation industry
Authors: Vaezian Helia , Akbari Mahmoud 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The present research aimed at identifying and categorizing the common risks in the operations of translation companies. It further
investigated the maturity level of translation companies in terms of risk management and their attitudes toward the application of
a comprehensive risk management framework into their activities. The study had two phases of qualitative and quantitative
research. During the qualitative phase, a total of 400 translation projects were observed in four translation companies and
further based on the results of the qualitative phase, three questionnaires were developed and sent to 226 translation companies
around the world. The researchers identified 44 risk candidates in the operation of translation companies and statistically
grouped them into six risk categories. The results further indicated that translation company managers hardly know what risk
management is about, while they demonstrated a significant interest in the application of a risk management framework into their
activities.
‘Webbish writing’ for global communication in the Web 3.0
Authors: Shih Chung-ling 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Advances in information technology and the needs of globalization made English the lingua franca (EFL) of the Web
1.0. Later, multi-modes of computer-mediated communication in the Web 2.0 fostered hybrid English as a new EFL by combing English
with other languages. Moving into the Web 3.0 for information mining and knowledge acquisition without a language barrier, the author
proposes ‘Webbish’, a controlled form of English, to write web texts for the purpose of gisting through the production of
multilingual machine translation (MT) outputs. To demonstrate the effectiveness of ‘Webbish’, an empirical survey was conducted to
measure the comprehensibility of the MT of ‘Webbish’ texts based on a 1–100 grading scale. An average score of 89.9 was earned
from twenty-four international participants, showing a high degree of MT comprehensibility. Meanwhile, set within the framework of
postmodernism, ‘Webbish’ writing takes on postmodernist significance of non-fixed norms, dynamic meanings and an equal right of
comprehensible Web information access for global non-English audiences. Its linguistic features are suited to MT application and
its fluid meanings are produced due to the MT system’s rendition and different target audiences’ different interpretations.
‘Webbish’ writing suggests acceptance, inclusiveness and equality. It is also an easy way to influence and improve global
communication.