bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of anxiety disorders among visitors at a military primary health center in UAE
Authors: Alameri Fayeza , Yaslam Manea , Alraeesi Nahed , Alshereif Sojoud , Darwish Ebtihal , Heena Humariya 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Anxiety disorders are common. However, individuals suffering from anxiety disorders often do not seek treatment. These disorders impose a high individual and societal burden, especially on military personnel and their families, and place a significant burden on healthcare systems as care is often sought from primary care physicians rather than specialized professionals. This study was undertaken to determine the prevalence and correlates of anxiety among visitors at a Military Primary Health Center.

Results:
Anxiety disorders were high in our study population. Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) was the most common, while social phobia was less prevalent. 72.5% were 18-40 years old and 63.5% were males. 68% were military personnel, 23% were military personnel family, and the rest were retired. The most common symptoms were sleep disturbances (60.4%), irritability (55%), and restlessness (51.4%). GAD, specific phobia, and panic disorder were more likely in divorced people, and chronic diseases were more likely in people suffering from GAD.

Conclusions:
The prevalence of anxiety disorders was considerably higher among visitors at a Military Primary Health Center due to the high stress levels and occupational difficulties associated with an unstable social and family life. Counseling services and follow-up of diagnosed cases should be available at the primary health care level for improved healthcare delivery by the primary care or family health physicians.
Maternal and child health services during COVID-19 in India: Highlighting the role of primary care physicians in maintaining continuum of care
Authors: Sharma Saurabh , Aggarwal Sumit , Singh Kh. Jiten Kumar , Singh Lucky , Gaym Asheber , Sahu Damodar , Adhikari Tulsi , Nair Saritha , Kumar Anil , Juneja Atul , Rao Mendu Vishnu Vardhana 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
This study aims to address the lack of substantial evidence regarding the effect of COVID-19 on maternal and child health (MCH) services in India and also highlight the role of primary care physicians in maintaining essential services during a pandemic. While studies conducted worldwide and in India have examined the effects of COVID-19 on these services, a significant gap in robust evidence remains.

Methods:
Forty-two districts were selected randomly from seven regional states of India. Data on five selected MCH indicators were extracted from HMIS for the months from March to June 2019 and 2020. Relative changes in service utilization for each month from March to June over the two years were compared. Comparisons were also made between the selected districts based on the COVID-19 categorization into red and green zones.

Results:
COVID-19 and its associated restrictive measures created significant disruption to essential MCH service utilization in India across all states reviewed. Both institutional, and outreach services were impacted; however, hospital-based services were more impacted. Institutional deliveries and emergency obstetric services saw a decline in March and April 2020 which gradually improved between May and June in some states. Immunization sessions held in 2020 observed a decrease in April.

Conclusions:
The analysis indicates a disruption in service delivery during the initial phase of the lockdown. However, the services resumed gradually as national and state-specific operational guidelines were implemented to maintain a continuum of care.
SWOT analysis of Janani Suraksha Yojana among women of Western Uttar Pradesh, India
Authors: Mattas Shalki , Pant Bhawna , Sharma Saurabh , Dobhal Priyanka 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
In April 2005, under the umbrella of National Rural Health Mission (NRM) in response to the slow and varied progress in improvement of maternal and neonatal health, the Government of India launched a scheme known as Janani Suraksha Yojana (ISY)

Objectives:
With the help of this study, we intend to understand the knowledge, source of information, awareness, and barriers to acceptance of JSY among women in Western Uttar Pradesh and conduct a SWOT analysis for the same.

Material and Methods:
The sample size was 300 and calculated using the prevalence of institutional delivery taken from National Family Health 2015-16 Survey (NFHS-4) in Uttar Pradesh, India, which was 67.8%. Data were analysed using appropriate statistical tests by Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software and Microsoft excel.

Results:
Grassroot-level workers, namely, ASHA, ANM, AWW, and Dai, were an important source of information regarding JSY in the rural area with 68% beneficiaries saying that they got their information about JSY from them compared to only 22% in the urban area. Out of the 105 beneficiaries who delivered at home, the two most common reasons for noninstitutional delivery were the cost of the institutional delivery (51.4%) and home is convenient (47.696).

Conclusion:
Cash incentives help in the use of health services such as antenatal care, postnatal care, and counselling services. Less focus and ASHA coverage in urban areas as compared to rural areas.
Health care providers’ comfort caring for trauma-exposed patients in the primary care setting: A mixed methods approach
Authors: Lathan Emma C. , Langhinrichsen-Rohling Ryan , McAfee Elizabeth , Sonu Stan C. , Haynes Tamara , Powers Abigail 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Patients seeking primary care often present with health concerns related to psychological trauma, highlighting the importance of health care providers’ (HCPs) comfort discussing trauma in the primary care setting. This study used mixed methods, including qualitative content analysis, to (1) document HCPs’ trauma-related comfort levels and factors contributing to discomfort and (2) examine the associations between provider-level factors and comfort.

Materials and Methods:
Direct patient care providers (74.6% physicians/residents; 68.7% women; 44.8% White; Mage
= 36.7 years, SDage
= 9.8) were recruited from primary care clinics in an urban public hospital system in the United States to complete a survey assessing trauma-related comfort; responses to open-ended prompts were coded by independent raters.

Results:
Few HCPs endorsed comfort providing care to patients with known trauma histories (29.8%), most often citing limited knowledge and fear of exacerbating symptoms as contributors to discomfort. HCPs most often endorsed formal education and integrated behavioral health teams as having enhanced their comfort providing trauma-informed care; 59.2% indicated that receiving formal education would further increase comfort. HCPs’ comfort was unrelated provider-level factors other than department, F (2,53) =6.56, P = 0.003, and race, F (2,52) =5.69, P = 0.006.

Discussion:
Findings provide critical context to HCPs’ trauma-related discomfort as well as actionable next steps to increase trauma-related comfort during primary care encounters.
Postpartum morbidity and its determinants with special reference to anemia among urban vulnerable population in Uttar Pradesh: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Shree Tuhina , Agrawal Deepika , Kaswan Pradeep , Manna Souvik 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
The postpartum period is critically important for comprehensive obstetric care; however, most women are neglected during this important period.

Objective:
This study was carried out to determine the burden of postpartum morbidities and associated factors among the urban vulnerable population in Gautam Buddha district, Uttar Pradesh.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 150 postpartum women in urban slums of Gautam Buddha district. A semi-structured questionnaire was used along with a physical examination and assessment of anemia by Sahli’s hemoglobinometer.

Results:
A total of 106 (70.7%) mothers reported at least one of the postpartum morbidities (PPMs). The most frequently reported morbidity was anemia (55.3%) followed by backache (29.3%). Almost a third (39, 36.8%) of all women, who suffered from PPM, did not seek any treatment for the same. Univariate analysis revealed that morbidities were higher among women with low literacy (Odds Ratio, OR: 5.63, 95% CI: 2.508–13.54, p = 0.000), low socioeconomic status (OR: 0.317, 95% CI: 0.151–0.657, p = 0.002), and inadequate antenatal care (OR: 0.108, 95% CI: 0.044–0.246, p = 0.0001). Similarly, young mothers (OR: 2.599, 95% CI: 1.332–5.14), less educated (OR = 3.603, 95% CI: 1.838–7.203, p = 0.000), those from lower economic status (OR: 0.247, 95% CI: 0.119–0.497, p = 0.001), with inadequate antenatal care (OR: 0.112, 95% CI: 0.052–0.232, p = 0.005), and low iron folic acid intake (OR: 0.371, 95% CI: 0.184–0.732, p = 0.004) showed higher prevalence of anemia.

Conclusion:
The role of education and adequate antenatal care are highlighted in the study. Antenatal visits should be utilized as opportunities to increase awareness regarding various aspects of care during the postnatal period. Maintaining more comprehensive support and involvement between health care providers and the mothers is needed to prevent many of these postpartum morbidities.
The investigation of the relationship between vitamin D level and severity of diabetic ketoacidosis in new cases of type 1 diabetes in children referred to Hazrat-E- Ali-Asghar Hospital in 2021
Authors: Nabavi Seyed Salaheddin , Soheilipour Fahimeh , Delavar Motahare Aghajani , Javaherchian Mahsa , Karimian Pegah , Jafarnejad Shabahang , Ebrahimi Hamidreza Khoshnezhad , Mostafavi Atoosa , Dezfouli Seyedeh Mahsa Mahmoudinezhad , Esmaeilian Somayeh , Iranmanesh Saeideh 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Background and Purpose:
According to the role of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) in glucose homeostasis and immune modulation, vitamin D deficiency may be associated with type 1 diabetes and diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of investigation of the relationship between the vitamin D level and severity of diabetic ketoacidosis in new cases of type 1 diabetes in children referred to Hazrat-E-Ali-Asghar Hospital in 2021.

Methods:
The present study is based on a cross-sectional study. The population studied in this research includes new cases of children with type 1 diabetes referred to Ali Asghar Children’s Hospital in Tehran in 2021. The data analysis was performed using SPSS version 23 software and a significance level of less than 0.05 was considered.

Results:
In total, 112 people were included in the study. The difference between the three groups of severity of ketoacidosis in blood pH and bicarbonate level was significant (P < 0.001). The comparison of serum vitamin D levels in different severity of ketoacidosis showed a significant difference between the three groups (P = 0.013), which seems to be caused by the significant difference between the severe and mild ketoacidosis groups. There was observed no significant difference between the gender subgroups and different serum vitamin D levels and also different severity of ketoacidosis (P = 0.801) and (P = 0.25).

Conclusion:
Based on the findings of our study, there is a significant relationship between vitamin D and the severity of diabetic ketoacidosis in children with type 2 diabetes. We suggest that routine evaluation of vitamin D levels in diabetic patients and prescribing vitamin D supplements to patients with vitamin D deficiency to prevent the risk of diabetic ketoacidosis.
Sociodemographic factors affecting knowledge levels of tuberculosis patients in New Delhi
Authors: Zaidi Ilham , Sarma P. S. , Khayyam Khalid Umer , Toufique Ahmad Quazi , Ramankutty V. , Singh Gurpreet 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Sociodemographic factors can significantly influence the knowledge level of tuberculosis (TB) patients, affecting the overall health outcomes. Due to lack of awareness and the stigma associated with TB, Indian TB elimination efforts are facing challenges. Patients with less information are more likely to experience delays in diagnosis and proper care.

Method:
A cross-sectional study was conducted in New Delhi across 26 operational National TB Elimination Program districts, involving 200 adult pulmonary TB patients receiving treatment from April to August 2020. A structured questionnaire guided the interviews, followed with bivariate analysis and descriptive statistics used for analysis.

Results:
Predominantly, residents of semiurban regions accounted for the highest proportion (70.5%), followed by urban areas (20.5%), with rural areas/slums comprising a minority (9%). Notably, a significant majority (94.5%) reported residing in individually owned dwellings, with shared accommodations limited to a minority (5.5%). Sanitary facilities varied, with 77% possessing personal toilets, 18.5% utilizing private facilities, and only 4.5% relying on public toilets. Awareness levels about TB reflected moderate awareness among 56% of participants, good knowledge among 41%, and minimal awareness (poor knowledge) among only 3% of respondents.

Conclusion:
Age, sex, socioeconomic level, kind of lodgings, malnutrition, and personal cleanliness should all be taken into account for TB treatment adherence. A new set of frameworks should be developed to enhance the living circumstances of high-risk populations and patients who are living in crowded locations since sharing a room or a house in a populated region increases the risk of TB transmission.
Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on tuberculosis notification and outcome in a district of South Gujarat
Authors: Maniya Meera , Patel Shashank , Damor Rahul , Patel Monank 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Context/Background:
The COVID-19 pandemic affected the health care services worldwide, with the target of END TB 2025; it was important to make sure that the TB notification and linkage services were not hampered. The current study aims to document the overall impact of COVID-19 on TB notification and treatment services.

Aims/Objectives:
To document the impact of COVID-19 on notification and comparison of their outcome between pre-COVID-19 and COVID-19 era.

Methodology:
Programmatic data of 9893 notified TB cases reported from Surat rural between 2019 and 2021 were collected from Nikshay portal through DTO Surat. Detailed comparison of pre- and COVID-19 era was performed using stratified analysis.

Results:
There was a significant (P = 0.02) 29% decline in cases reported in 2020 as compared to the cases reported in the previous year. The impact of COVID-19 was also seen on mortality of the reported cases (18% increase). The overall proportion of treatment failure was increased (28%), whereas difference of 20% was seen in cases where treatment regimen was required to be changed.

Conclusions:
Despite the overall impact of COVID-19 on TB services (2020), the health department has proactively countered and bounce back in 2021 with an overall increase in notification and treatment services.
Effectiveness of introducing fresh fruits in Anganwadi menu among children between 3–6 years in Mysuru city
Authors: Hegde Saurish , Gohri Jay , Kulkarni Praveen , Pragadesh R , Siddiqua Aisha , Kashyap Shreyaswini , Sahana K S , Kurien David Ninan 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Micronutrient malnutrition remains a huge public health problem, with the main issues lying with the lack of diet diversity, either lack or less of animal products, sparse amount of fruits and vegetables. Fruits are a very good source of vitamins and minerals to help in the growth and development of the child. There are a lot of implementation hurdles at the ground level. Hence there is a need for further exploration of the role of fruits and dietary diversity on the growth and development of the children.

Methodology:
The study is an interventional study, conducted over 3 months. There was a systematic random sampling performed. A total of 60 participants, were taken out of which 30 were given the intervention. The assessment was conducted through anthropometry and semi-structured questionnaire.

Results:
When asked about their reluctance to include fruits in their diet, 58.3% did not prioritise it in their daily diet, while the rest found it expensive to buy it. There was a significant difference in the height and MUAC between the groups and that had no influence on the intervention. There was a slight increase in height over the three months in the interventional groups.

Conclusion:
Malnutrition is not a single-factor disease but happens because of many factors which include, education, income, environment and nutritional awareness among mothers and families. Fruits are a major component in the diet and have to be included by the family for the children to improve their basic anthropometry and also more functions.
A study of autoimmune thyroid disease in pregnant women and its effect on fetal and maternal outcome
Authors: Ekka Shreyasi C. , Sinha Mani Bhushan K. , Kumari Anita 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Anti-thyroid antibodies not only cause thyroid dysfunction but have independent adverse outcomes in the fetus and mother during pregnancy and after birth. Chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis as a presentation of immune system deregulation may be associated with a generalized activation of the immune system at the fetus–maternal unit, the placenta. This interference could be associated with pregnancy morbidities in m o t h e r a n d fetus. This study was done to find out the frequency of autoimmune thyroid disease and its effect on maternal and fetal outcomes in a tertiary care facility in Jharkhand.

Method:
This is an Observational Prospective Study done during an 18-month period on 254 pregnant women in their second trimester who came to the antenatal clinic (ANC) clinic with singleton pregnancy at RIMS Ranchi.

Result:
222 (87.4%) out of the 254 pregnant women had anti- TPO antibodies less than 35 IU/ml. Anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) antibody positivity with values greater than 35 IU/ml was found in 32 patients (12.6%). Anti-TPO antibody mean value was 22.54 ± 19.67 IU/ml. Among the 222 individuals who tested negative for the anti-TPO antibody, 7 (3.3%) had miscarriages, 182 (88.3%) gave birth vaginally, and 33 (14.9%) underwent a cesarean section. Of the 32 individuals who tested positive for the anti-TPO antibody, 2 (6.3%) had miscarriages, 24 (75.0%) had vaginal deliveries, and 6 (18.8%) had cesarean sections. Using the Chi-square test, a P value of 0.549 was calculated, indicating statistical insignificance (Pearson Chi-square test value = 0.200a).

Conclusion:
Anti-TPO antibody positivity was significantly related to miscarriage and anemia. Other complications like preterm delivery, pre-eclampsia, and low birth weight were higher in anti-TPO antibody-positive patients as compared to anti-TPO antibody-negative patients. However, these findings were not statistically significant.
Community awareness regarding smokeless tobacco (Shamma) as a cause of oral cancer in Jazan region, Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Dallak Fatimah H. , Alharbi Fahd A. , Alhazmi Abdulaziz H. , Abusageah Faisal , Durayb Amjad A. , Almalki Norah M. , Tayrah Faisal A. Abu , El-Setouhy Maged , Dallak Rawan H. , Shami Ruqayyah M. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Oral cancer has emerged as a significant public health issue, with 90% of instances because of avoidable causes. Smokeless tobacco usage is thought to be a substantial source of cytological alterations in the oral mucosa, and snuff (Shamma) is often used in Saudi Arabia. In this study, we investigated community awareness of Shamma as a cause of oral cancer in the Jazan region’s general population.

Methods:
A cross-sectional A self-administered questionnaire was used in analytical research of people in the Jazan region to determine their awareness of Shamma consumption and its association with oral cancer. The collected data were analysed with SPSS software.

Results:
About 1380 participants were included in the study. 730 (52.9%) were females and most of the participants (63%) were between eighteen and thirty years old. About three-quarters 1022 (74.1%) of the participants had previously heard about oral cancer, 457 (44.7%) stated that it is possible to avoid oral cancer and 593 (58%) mentioned that oral cancer is treatable. About 45.1% of the participants believe that older ages are risk factor of oral cancer. Concerning awareness of the warning oral cancer’s symptoms and signs; more than half (76.9%) mentioned oral ulcers. Regarding knowledge about risk factors for oral cancer; the most often mentioned ones were smokeless tobacco (87%), smoking (86%), followed by khat chewing (62.1%), and alcohol (58.9%). About 66.2% of the participants have tried to stop Shamma in the past 12 months. We found that gender and age are a risk factor for oral cancer, where they are correlated significantly with knowledge and awareness of smokeless tobacco (P value < 0.001 and 0.049, respectively.

Conclusion:
Good overall awareness and knowledge about Shamma and smokeless tobacco. More than half of the individuals recognized Shamma as an oral cancer risk factor with accuracy. Oral ulcers were revealed to be the most well-known sign of oral cancer among survey participants. It was shown that there was a significant correlation between gender awareness and knowledge levels. In addition interventional research is necessary.
Correlating symptom severity index, clinical diagnostic criteria of CTS-6 and timed Phalen’s test in clinical evaluation of carpal tunnel syndrome
Authors: Priya Ankita , Bansal Charu , Mangla Harshita , Shinde Manjusha , Ghosh Tandra 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) poses significant diagnostic challenges, especially in resource-limited settings. Reliable tools such as the 6-item Symptom Severity Index, Timed Phalen’s Test (TPT) and CTS-6 are promising but under investigated. Correlation between these tools and symptom severity remains underexplored.

Aim:
To correlate the 6-item Symptom Severity Index and CTS-6 diagnostic tool with TPT in clinically diagnosed CTS cases, evaluating their diagnostic performance.

Methods:
Prospective cross-sectional study, conducted in a tertiary care hospital in eastern India. 105 patients were enrolled after fulfilling inclusion criteria, assessing them with the 6-item Symptom Severity Index, CTS-6 diagnostic tool and TPT. Pearson’s and Spearman’s correlation coefficients were used, and statistical significance was set at P < 0.05.

Results:
Of 188 evaluated hands, TPT showed a significant negative correlation with CTS-6 scores (r = -0.59, P < 0.0001), indicating lower scores with higher TPT values. CTS-6 scores positively correlated with symptom severity (r = 0.34, P < 0.0001), indicating higher Symptom Severity Indices associated with increased diagnostic probability. Positive predictive value for TPT was 70.1%, with sensitivity of 83.7% and specificity of 61.1%. Symptom Severity Indexing demonstrated higher sensitivity (100%) but lower specificity (3.3%).

Conclusions:
This study highlights the utility of integrating subjective and objective assessment tools in CTS diagnosis. The findings underscore the importance of comprehensive evaluation and suggest the potential value of TPT as an adjunctive diagnostic tool. Further research is warranted to validate these findings and refine diagnostic algorithms for CTS management.