bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Omission of temporal nuisance regressors from dual regression can improve accuracy of fMRI functional connectivity maps
Authors: Kelly Robert E. , Hoptman Matthew J. , Alexopoulos George S. , Gunning Faith M. , McKeown Martin J. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractFunctional connectivity (FC) maps from brain fMRI data can be derived with dual regression, a proposed alternative to traditional seed‐based FC (SFC) methods that detect temporal correlation between a predefined region (seed) and other regions in the brain. As with SFC, incorporating nuisance regressors (NR) into the dual regression must be done carefully, to prevent potential bias and insensitivity of FC estimates. Here, we explore the potentially untoward effects on dual regression that may occur when NR correlate highly with the signal of interest, using both synthetic and real fMRI data to elucidate mechanisms responsible for loss of accuracy in FC maps. Our tests suggest significantly improved accuracy in FC maps derived with dual regression when highly correlated temporal NR were omitted. Single‐map dual regression, a simplified form of dual regression that uses neither spatial nor temporal NR, offers a viable alternative whose FC maps may be more easily interpreted, and in some cases be more accurate than those derived with standard dual regression.
Short Syntheses of some ‘Decalin‐1,8‐diones’ and their Derivatives: Breaking the Pretended Symmetry
Authors: Knorr Rudolf , Nadolny Annette , Hauer Hermann , Böhrer Petra 
Published: June 2019

AbstractA cheap synthesis of the so‐called ‘decalin‐1,8‐diones’ started with the conjugate (1,4‐) addition of cyclohex‐2‐en‐1‐one derivatives to the γ‐position of the dilithium derivative (buta‐1,3‐diene‐1,1‐bis(olate)) of crotonic acid. Hydrogenation of these ‘1,4‐γ’ adducts and final cyclization afforded the enol tautomers of decalin‐1,8‐diones. Nucleophilic substitutions at these 3‐oxoenols by NH3 or primary amines created only monoamino products (namely, 3‐oxoenamines) whose reactions with OPCl3 yielded dihydro(1,3,2)oxazaphosphinin‐2‐one derivatives. The two regioisomers of a trimethyl‐3‐oxoenamine served as models for the constitutional assignments of the two rapidly interconverting (hence, individually NMR‐invisible), tautomeric trimethyl‐3‐oxoenols. Such methyl substitutions served to break the ‘pretended’ symmetry of ‘decalin‐1,8‐dione’. Hydrazine and 3‐oxoenols furnished oxygen‐free indazole derivatives whose N−H bonds exchanged with t1/2=ca. 0.00035 s at ca. −58(9) °C.
Liquid biopsy in non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma
Authors: Melani Christopher , Wilson Wyndham H. , Roschewski Mark 
Published: June 2019

AbstractctDNA provides an important new strategy that will aid in the treatment of non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma. Immunoglobulin sequencing provides a tumor specific marker for disease activity with a sensitivity equivalent to one tumor cell per 10‐6. Furthermore, it can provide an estimate of tumor bulk and tumor response dynamics during treatment. Interim monitoring can identify patients at high risk of treatment failure and surveillance monitoring can identify patients months before radiographic disease progression. Tumor specific mutations can also be detected in ctDNA and may reflect an averaging of mutations present within multiple tumor masses. Such analysis may aid in the molecular characterization of tumors and selection of targeted treatments for precision medicine.
Treating Hodgkin lymphoma in the new millennium: Relapsed and refractory disease
Authors: LaCasce Ann S. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAlthough the majority of patients with Hodgkin lymphoma are cured with initial therapy, 10% to 15% of patients with early stage disease and 15% to 30% of patients with advanced disease have primary refractory or relapsed lymphoma. For younger patients whose disease is sensitive to second‐line therapy, more than half of patients will experience long‐term disease control with high‐dose chemotherapy/autologous stem cell rescue (ASCT). For those patients who are chemotherapy refractory, relapse after, or are ineligible for ASCT, brentuximab vedotin, and checkpoint, inhibitors are highly active, although the majority of patients will ultimately experience recurrent lymphoma. Allogeneic transplant is curative in a subset of patients but may be associated with significant toxicity. Novel targeted and immunotherapy approaches, including chimeric antigen receptor T‐cell therapy, are currently being studied in clinical trials with promising early results.
Self‐Assembly of Multiblock Copolymers
Authors: Qiang Xiaolian , Chakroun Ramzi , Janoszka Nicole , Gröschel André H. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBlock copolymers (BCPs) are a subclass of soft matter extensively used in materials science and nanomedicine. They consist of two or more incompatible segments and are prone to self‐assemble into nanostructures with a characteristic size of 10–100 nm. BCPs thus naturally address the structural dimension between molecular and colloidal scales. This review gives a brief overview of recent developments in BCP self‐assembly under various conditions. Special emphasis is put on linear BCPs with three or more sequentially linked blocks, i. e. ABC triblock terpolymers, ABAC tetrablock terpolymers, and so on. We discuss their microphase separation in bulk, in the confinement of nanoemulsion droplets, and their hierarchical self‐assembly to multicompartment nanostructures in selective solvents. Regarding applications, block copolymers are widely used in templating and drug delivery, but their inherent asymmetry is also particularly useful for the synthesis of Janus nanoparticles.
Clonal dominance of a donor‐derived del(20q) clone after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in an acute myeloid leukemia patient with del(20q)
Authors: Yoon Jung , Yun Jae Won , Jung Chul Won , Kim Hee‐Jin , Kim Sun‐Hee 
Published: June 2019

AbstractDel(20q) is the most frequently detected large structural genetic mosaicism alteration in the healthy aging population, occurring in approximately 0.1% of older persons. Age‐related clonal hematopoiesis of copy number variations (CNVs) is linked to an increased risk of hematologic malignancies, but the clinical impact of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) harboring such CNVs, such as del(20q), is not clearly understood. Here, we report an acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patient with known del(20q) who acquired donor‐derived del(20q) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). The HSCs with del(20q) engrafted and expanded over time, but the patient did not clinically progress to myeloid neoplasm. Although donor‐derived del(20q) from a healthy donor has been reported previously, our case is the first to review the clonal dynamics of a del(20q) clone and its post‐transplantation impact. Since recurrent hematology neoplasm‐associated CNVs, including del(20q), may not be rare among aged HSCT donors, identifying the origin of such a CNV is necessary for clinical decisions when clonal abnormality appears after HSCT, even in recipients who previously had the same abnormality.
Circle RNA hsa_circRNA_100290 serves as a ceRNA for miR‐378a to regulate oral squamous cell carcinoma cells growth via Glucose transporter‐1 (GLUT1) and glycolysis
Authors: Chen Xing , Yu Jianjun , Tian Hao , Shan Zhenfeng , Liu Wei , Pan Zhen , Ren Jihao 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAerobic glycolysis (the Warburg effect) is a robust metabolic hallmark of most tumors, including oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1), a major glucose transporter regulating the glucose uptake, is upregulated in OSCC and participated in the cell glycolysis of OSCC. The deregulation and function of noncoding RNAs in cancers have been widely reported. Reportedly, hsa_circular RNA (circRNA)_100290 (circ_SLC30A7) is significantly upregulated (fold change = 6.91, p < 0.0000001) in OSCC. According to online tools prediction (miRWalk, miRanda, and Targetscan), miR‐378a could simultaneously target circRNA_100290 and GLUT1. Herein, the expression of circRNA_100290 and GLUT1 remarkably increased in oral tumor tissue specimens and cells. In OSCC cell lines, cell proliferation and glycolysis could be remarkably downregulated by circRNA_100290 silence, which could be rescued by GLUT1 overexpression. Conversely, miR‐378a expression could be remarkably inhibited in tumor tissue specimens and cells. The effect of miR‐378a overexpression on OSCC cells was similar to those of circRNA_100290 silence. miR‐378a directly bound to circRNA_100290 and GLUT1 3′‐untranslated region, circRNA_100290 could remarkably relieve miR‐378a‐induced inhibition on GLUT1 via acting as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA). miR‐378a inhibition remarkably attenuated the effect of circRNA_100290 silence on cell proliferation and glycolysis in OSCC cell lines. In summary, circRNA_100290 serves as a ceRNA to counteract miR‐378a‐mediated GLUT1 suppression, thus promoting glycolysis and cell proliferation in OSCC. We provide a reliable experimental basis for understanding the mechanism of cell growth and glycolysis deregulation in OSCC.
Potential antigen candidates for subunit vaccine development against Helicobacter pylori infection
Authors: Keikha Masoud , Eslami Majid , Yousefi Bahman , Ghasemian Abdolmajid , Karbalaei Mohsen 
Published: June 2019

AbstractHelicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a resident bacterium in the stomach that accounts for 75% cases of gastric cancer. In this review, we comprehensively studied published papers on H. pylori vaccines using Google Scholar and NCBI databases to gather information about vaccines against H. pylori. Considering the pivotal roles of the enzyme urease (in production of NH3 and neutralization of the acidic medium of the stomach), cytotoxin‐associated gene A, and vacuolating cytotoxin A proteins in H. pylori infection, they could be the best candidates for the construction of recombinant vaccines. The outer membrane porins (Hop), blood group antigen‐binding adhesin (BabA), sialic acid‐binding adhesin (SabA), and outer inflammatory protein A, play significant roles in binding of bacterium to human gastric tissues, and because binding is the first step in bacterial fixation and colonization, these antigens also can be considered as suitable candidates for designing vaccines. Likely, other significant bacterial antigens, such as NapA (chemotactic factor for recruitment of human neutrophils and monocytes to the site of infection), duodenal ulcer promoting protein A (to promote duodenal ulcer), and Hsp60 (as a molecular chaperon for activation of urease enzyme), can be used in the construction of subunit vaccines. New vaccines in use currently, such as DNA vaccines and subunit vaccines, can efficiently replace the dead and attenuated vaccines. Nonetheless, the results show that urease enzyme is most used compared with bacterial components in the designing and construction of recombinant vaccines. The BabA and SabA antigens belong to the outer membrane porins family in H. pylori and are required for binding and fixation of the bacterium to the human gastric tissues.
Propofol‐mediated cardioprotection dependent of microRNA‐451/HMGB1 against myocardial ischemia‐reperfusion injury
Authors: Li Yu‐mei , Sun Jin‐guo , Hu Li‐hua , Ma Xian‐chun , Zhou Gang , Huang Xi‐zhao 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAdministration of propofol at the time of reperfusion has shown to protect the heart from ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury. The aim of the present study was to investigate the molecular mechanism underling the cardioprotective effect of propofol against myocardial I/R injury (MIRI) in vivo and in vitro. Rat heart I/R injury was induced by ligation of the left anterior descending (LAD) artery for 30 min followed by 2‐hr reperfusion. Propofol pretreatment (0.01 mg/g) was performed 10 min before reperfusion. In vitro MIRI was investigated in cultured cardiomyocytes H9C2 following hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injuries. Propofol pretreatment in vitro was achieved in the medium supplemented with 25 μmol/L propofol before H/R injuries. Propofol pretreatment significantly increased miRNA‐451 expression, decreased HMGB1 expression, reduced infarct size, and I/R‐induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis in rat hearts undergoing I/R injuries. Knockdown of miRNA‐451 48 hr before I/R injury was found to increase HMGB1 expression, infarct size, and I/R‐induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis in rat hearts in the presence of propofol pretreatment. These in vivo findings were reproduced in vivo that knockdown of miRNA‐451 48 hr before H/R injuries increased HMGB1 expression and H/R‐induced apoptosis in cultured H9C2 supplemented with propofol. In addition, luciferase activity assays and gain‐of‐function studies found that propofol could decrease HMGB1, the target of miRNA‐541. Taken together our findings provide a first demonstration that propofol‐mediated cardioprotection against MIRI is dependent of microRNA‐451/HMGB1. The study provides a novel target to prevent I/R injury during propofol anesthesia.
RETRACTED: LINC00339 promotes gastric cancer progression by elevating DCP1A expression via inhibiting miR‐377‐3p
Authors: Shi Chengmin , Liu Tonglei , Chi Junlin , Luo Huayou , Wu Zhizhong , Xiong Binghong , Liu Shuang , Zeng Yujian 
Published: June 2019

AbstractUp to date, the mechanism of gastric cancer (GC) development is poorly understood. This study was to demonstrate the effects of LINC00339 on GC progression. Here, we found that LINC00339 was overexpressed expressed in GC tissues and predicted poor outcome. By CCK8, colony formation and Transwell assays, we showed LINC00339 knockdown suppressed GC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro. Flow cytometry analysis (FACS) indicated that LINC00339 knockdown induced tumor cell apoptosis. Besides, we utilized the xenograft assay and found that LINC00339 depletion led to decreased tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistically, miR‐377‐3p was found to be inhibited by LINC00339. And LINC00339 suppressed miR‐377‐3p to upregulate DCP1A, which consequently promoted GC progression. In conclusion, LINC00339 promotes gastric cancer progression by elevating DCP1A expression via inhibiting miR‐377‐3p.
Ttc39c is upregulated during skeletal muscle atrophy and modulates ERK1/2 MAP kinase and hedgehog signaling
Authors: Hayes Caleb S. , Labuzan Sydney A. , Menke Jacob A. , Haddock Ashley N. , Waddell David S. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractTetratricopeptide repeat domain containing 39c (Ttc39c) is expressed in skeletal muscle and is transcriptionally activated in response to neurogenic atrophy in mice. Expression analysis using quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blots revealed that Ttc39c is expressed in both proliferating and differentiated muscle cells, peaking during early differentiation and then decreasing as cells progress further through the differentiation process. To further analyze the transcriptional regulation of Ttc39c, promoter fragments of the gene were cloned and fused with the secreted alkaline phosphatase reporter gene. The Ttc39c reporter plasmids were then transfected into cultured mouse muscle cells and found to have transcriptional activity. Furthermore, overexpression of MyoD and myogenin resulted in significant transcriptional repression of the Ttc39c reporter genes. To determine subcellular localization, an expression plasmid with the Ttc39c complementary DNA fused with green fluorescent protein was transfected into muscle cells and analyzed by confocal fluorescent microscopy showing that Tct39c localizes exclusively to the cytoplasm of cultured cells. To assess potential function in muscle, Ttc39c was overexpressed leading to vitiated muscle cell differentiation, impaired ERK1/2 MAP Kinase and Hedgehog signaling, and increased expression of IFT144 and IFT43, which are part of the IFT‐A complex involved in retrograde transport in primary cilia. Interestingly, Ttc39c knockdown also resulted in inhibition of muscle cell differentiation and impaired Hedgehog and MAP Kinase signaling but did not affect IFT144 or IFT433 expression. The results of this study demonstrate that muscle cell differentiation is sensitive to abnormal Ttc39c expression and that normal Ttc39c expression appears to be necessary for proper MAP Kinase and Hedgehog signal transduction in developing muscle cells.
Characterization of Krt19CreERT allele for targeting the nucleus pulposus cells in the postnatal mouse intervertebral disc
Authors: Mohanty Sarthak , Pinelli Robert , Dahia Chitra Lekha 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIntervertebral disc degeneration and associated back pain are relatively common but sparsely understood conditions, affecting over 70% of the population during some point of life. Disc degeneration is often associated with a loss of nucleus pulposus (NP) cells. Genetic mouse models offer convenient avenues to understand the cellular and molecular regulation of the disc during its formation, growth, maintenance, and aging. However, due to the lack of inducible driver lines to precisely target NP cells in the postnatal mouse disc, progress in this area of research has been moderate. NP cells are known to express cytokeratin 19 (Krt19), and tamoxifen (Tam)‐inducible Krt19CreERT allele is available. The current study describes the characterization of Krt19CreERT allele to specifically and efficiently target NP cells in neonatal, skeletally mature, middle‐aged, and aged mice using two independent fluorescent reporter lines. The efficiency of recombination at all ages was validated by immunostaining for KRT19. Results show that following Tam induction, Krt19CreERT specifically drives recombination of NP cells in the spine of neonatal and aged mice, while no recombination was detected in the surrounding tissues. Knee joints from skeletally mature Tam‐treated Krt19CreERT/+; R26tdTOM mouse show the absence of recombination in all tissues and cells of the knee joint. Thus, this study provides evidence for the use of Krt19CreERT allele for genetic characterization of NP cells at different stages of the mouse life.
Copper promotes the migration of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells via Rnd3‐dependent cytoskeleton remodeling
Authors: Chen Xi , Hu Jun‐Gen , Huang Yi‐Zhou , Li Shun , Li Sheng‐Fu , Wang Min , Xia Hong‐Wei , Li‐Ling Jesse , Xie Hui‐Qi 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe motility of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is highly related to their homing in vivo, a critical issue in regenerative medicine. Our previous study indicated copper (Cu) might promote the recruitment of endogenous MSCs in canine esophagus defect model. In this study, we investigated the effect of Cu on the motility of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and the underlying mechanism in vitro. Cu supplementation could enhance the motility of BMSCs, and upregulate the expression of hypoxia‐inducible factor 1α (Hif1α) at the protein level, and upregulate the expression of rho family GTPase 3 (Rnd3) at messenger RNA and protein level. When Hif1α was silenced by small interfering RNA (siRNA), Cu‐induced Rnd3 upregulation was blocked. When Rnd3 was silenced by siRNA, the motility of BMSCs was decreased with or without Cu supplementation, and Cu‐induced cytoskeleton remodeling was neutralized. Furthermore, overexpression of Rnd3 also increased the motility of BMSCs and induced cytoskeleton remodeling. Overall, our results demonstrated that Cu enhanced BMSCs migration through, at least in part, cytoskeleton remodeling via Hif1α‐dependent upregulation of Rnd3. This study provided an insight into the mechanism of the effect of Cu on the motility of BMSCs, and a theoretical foundation of applying Cu to improve the recruitment of BMSCs in tissue engineering and cytotherapy.
Locomotor correlates of the scapholunar of living and extinct carnivorans
Authors: Dunn Rachel H. , Cooper Candice , Lemert Joshua , Mironov Natalie , Meachen Julie A. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe relationship of carpal morphology to ecology and habitat is under studied in carnivorans and more generally in mammals. Here, we use 3D‐scanning techniques to assess the usefulness of a carpal bone, the scapholunar, in carnivorans to reflect ecology and habitat, and to reconstruct the ecology of five extinct carnivorans from two fossil sites: Rancho La Brea and Natural Trap Cave. We 3D‐scanned scapholunars and measured articular surface areas and angles between articular facets using GeoMagic and Rhino 3D‐software. We analyzed the difference in these metrics using multivariate analysis of variance and discriminant function analysis. Results show that the scapholunar reflects ecological signal, with clear groupings of cursorial carnivorans and grappling/climbing carnivorans; however, phylogenetic signal was also present in the results with hyaenids, canids, and large felids in distinct morphospaces. Extinct speciesMiracinonyx trumani(American cheetah) andSmilodon fatalis(sabertooth cat) showed surprising results withM. trumanigrouping with pantherines instead ofAcinonyxorPuma, suggesting it runs but still retains the ability to grapple prey.S. fatalisgroups with pantherines, but also shows some unique adaptations, suggesting it had a different range of wrist motion than living cats. Overall, the scapholunar is a good indicator of ecology and functional morphology and can be another tool to use in modern and fossil carnivorans to reconstruct extinct ecologies and locomotor behaviors.
Surgical management of primary colonic lymphoma: Big data for a rare problem
Authors: Maguire Lillias H. , Geiger Timothy M. , Hardiman Karin M. , Regenbogen Scott E. , Hopkins Michael Benjamin , Muldoon Roberta L. , Ford Molly M. , Hawkins Alexander T. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesPrimary colonic lymphoma (PCL) is rare, heterogeneous, and presents a therapeutic challenge for surgeons. Optimal treatment strategies are difficult to standardize, leading to variation in therapy. Our objective was to describe the patient characteristics, short‐term outcomes, and five‐year survival of patients undergoing nonpalliative surgery for PCL.MethodsWe performed a retrospective cohort analysis in the National Cancer Database. Included patients underwent surgery for PCL between 2004 to 2014. Patients with metastases and palliative operations were excluded. Univariate predictors of overall survival were analyzed using multivariable Cox proportional hazard analysis.ResultsWe identified 2153 patients. Median patient age was 68. Diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma accounted for 57% of tumors. 30‐ and 90‐Day mortality were high (5.6% and 11.1%, respectively). Thirty‐nine percent of patients received adjuvant chemotherapy. For patients surviving 90 days, 5‐year survival was 71.8%. Chemotherapy improved survival (surgery+chemo, 75.4% vs surgery, 68.6%; P = .01). Adjuvant chemotherapy was associated with overall survival after controlling for age, comorbidity, and lymphoma subtype (HR 1.27; 95% CI, 1.07‐1.51; P = .01).ConclusionsPatients undergoing surgery for PCL have high rates of margin positivity and high short‐term mortality. Chemotherapy improves survival, but <50% receive it. These data suggest the opportunity for improvement of care in patients with PCL.