bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transcriptome and metabolite profiling reveal novel insights into volatile heterosis in the tea plant (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze)
Authors: Zheng yucheng , Wang Pengjie , Chen Xuejin , Sun Yun , Yue Chun , Ye naixing 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Background

Tea aroma is a key indicator for evaluating tea quality. Although notable success in tea aroma has been achieved with heterosis breeding technology, the molecular basis underlying heterosis remains largely unexplored. Thus, the present study concentrates on the volatile heterosis of a broad “high aroma” trait using a high-throughput next-generation RNA-seq strategy and Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry.

Results

Phenotypically, we found higher terpenoid volatile and green leaf volatile contents by Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry in the F1 hybrids than in their parental lines. Volatile heterosis was obvious in both F1 hybrids. At the molecular level, the comparative transcriptomics analysis revealed that approximately 41% (9, 027 of 21, 995) of the genes showed non-additive expression, whereas only 7.83% (1, 723 of 21, 995) showed additive expression. Among the non-additive genes, 42.1% showed high parental dominance and 17.6% showed over-dominance. Among DEGs with high parental dominance and over-dominance expression patterns, KEGG and GO analyses found that plant hormone signal transduction, tea plant physiological process related pathways and most pathways associated with tea tree volatiles were enriched. In addition, we identified multiple genes (CsDXS, CsAATC2, CsSPLA2, etc.) and transcription factors (CsMYB1, CsbHLH79, CsWRKY40, etc.) that played important roles in tea aroma heterosis.

Conclusion

Based on transcriptome and metabolite profiling, we conclude that non-additive action plays a major role in tea aroma heterosis. Genes and transcription factors involved in tea volatiles showing over-dominance expression patterns can be considered candidate genes and provide novel clues for breeding high-aroma tea varieties.
Variation of bispectral index in children aged 1-12 years under propofol anesthesia: An observational study
Authors: Wang Fang , Zhang Jianmin , Yu Jie , Tian Muyang , Cui Xiaohuan , Wu Anshi 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Background

The use of the bispectral index (BIS) is widespread in pediatric anesthesia, but few studies have attempted to perform a detailed evaluation of how BIS varies according to age in children under propofol anesthesia. This prospective study aimed to explore the exact relationship between BIS value and the age of 1- to 12-year-old children under propofol anesthesia.

Methods

This study enrolled 165 children (1<0.01) as well as among the different age groups (p<0.01) after propofol administration. Post-hoc Bonferroni tests showed a difference in BIS values between groups 1–4 (1
Effects of propofol on mammalian central and peripheral circadian clocks
Authors: Tian Hongni , Yu Ziqing , Zhu Xiwen , Chen Yuanjing , Ren Qian , Lv Sheng-Qing , Zhang Eric Erquan , Yang Tiande , He Huang 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Background
Circadian rhythm has a significant correlation with the occurrence and development of many diseases. Studies have shown that the anesthetic agent propofol can alter the rhythms of body temperature and activity in rats.
Methods
U2OS cells and ex vivo liver tissue were treated with different concentration of propofol, followed by recording the oscillation of the circadian clock. And two month-old mice were exposed to propofol (10mg/kg and 20mg/kg) or vehicle, detecting the expression of the clock genes.
Results
The results showed that propofol reduced the amplitude and lengthened the period of Per2 oscillation. Treatment with 10 mg/kg propofol significantly increased the expression of D-box binding PAR BZIP transcription factor (Dbp) and clock circadian regulator (Clock) in the liver. Treatment with 20 mg/kg propofol significantly decreased expression of cryptochrome circadian regulator 1 (Cry1), Dbp, nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group D member 1 (Nr1d1) and Clock and significantly increased the hypoxia signaling pathway genes hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha (Hif-1α), Egl-9 family hypoxia inducible factors Egln1, Egln2 and Egln3 in the hypothalamus.
Conclusion
The above results indicate that the general anesthetic propofol can change the circadian clock of ex vivo and in vivo mammalian liver tissues.
Assessment of runoff treatment operations with combined rainwater treatment system in the old city zone
Authors: Kang Wei , Chai Hongxiang 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Considering the diversity of pollution degree in different underlying surfaces, and the great difficulty in construction and high economic cost for an existing built community in an older city zone, in order to rationally distribute the load carrying capacity of each treatment facility, a design concept of combined rainwater treatment system was put forward to treat vehicle lane rainwater, square rainwater, and roof rainwater. In this study, one older city zone in Guangming new district, north-western Shenzhen, China was selected to meet the combined treatment of vehicle lane rainwater and roof rainwater, and four typical rainfall events were selected to analyze the water quantity and water quality control effect of this combined rainwater treatment system under different rainfall intensity and rainfall duration. Results showed that under the treatment of initial treatment facility and biological filtration facility, the runoff volume of vehicle lane and roof were all controlled effectively, and the discharge amount of different pollutants was also reduced effectively although initial treatment facility and biological filtration facility could not effectively decrease pollutant concentration. Therefore, this combined treatment of vehicle lane rainwater and roof rainwater can provide reference for the popularization and application of different kinds of combined rainwater treatment systems.
Comparative study of the adsorption capacity of lead (II) ions onto bean husk and fish scale from aqueous solution
Authors: Onwordi Chionyedua T. , Uche Cosmas C. , Ameh Alechine E. , Petrik Leslie F. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The present study compared the adsorption capacity of Pb (II) ions from aqueous solution onto biopolymer materials (BPMs): (bean husk (BH) and fish scale (FS)). Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques were used to characterize the BPMs. The optimal conditions of the variables: pH, adsorbent dosage, initial metal concentration, contact time and temperature were ascertained. Experimental data were applied to the Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin sorption isotherms using the linear equations form. The optimal removal of Pb (II) ions with BH and FS was obtained at pH 7.0 and 6.0, and 0.2 g adsorbent dosage each, respectively. The removal of Pb (II) ions fitted the pseudo-second order kinetic model well for the materials. Equilibrium Langmuir isotherm, which indicated a heterogeneous process, gave a better conformity than the other models used for BH while the Temkin isotherm gave better conformity for FS. The FS reached equilibrium faster (at about 30 min) compared to BH (at about 60 min); however, the processes are both spontaneous and endothermic. The BPMs gave about 90% removal of Pb (II) ions at the optimum dosage when used for textile wastewater. The BPMs, therefore, can be used as effective, low-cost and environmentally friendly adsorbents.
Adsorption behaviors of methylene blue on sunflower stem pith
Authors: Liu Xiangyao , Wang Baohui , Jing Guolin , Sun Ya'nan 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Adsorption behaviors of methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solution using sunflower stem pith (SSP) as adsorbent were investigated. The effects of adsorption conditions such as adsorption time, initial concentration of MB and dosage of SSP on the detoxification of MB were examined. The equilibrium adsorption data were analyzed using three well-known isotherms: Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin. The results indicated that the Langmuir isotherm fitted well to the data as compared with another isotherm model. The maximum adsorption capacity calculated by the Langmuir isotherm model was 277 mg/g at 338 K. Kinetic analyses were conducted using pseudo first order, pseudo second order and the Elovich model. The regression results showed that the MB adsorption was described by the pseudo second order model. Different thermodynamic parameters such as Gibb's free energy (ΔGo), standard enthalpy change (ΔHo) and standard entropy change (ΔSo) were also evaluated. The results showed that the detoxification of MB using SSP as adsorbent was feasible, non-spontaneous and exothermic under experimental conditions.
False Immunosuppressant Measurement by LC-MS/MS Method Due to Radiopaque Agents
Authors: Gönel Ataman , Koyuncu Ismail 
Published: April 2019

Background:Although liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) is preferred as a reliable method, some molecules in the blood matrix may lead to false positive or false negative results. False positive or negative results show the direction of the deviation rate from the target value.Aim:The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of seven different radiopaque agents on four immunosuppressant drugs.Methods:Every agent coded with RM1 to RM7 was added to control materials containing tacrolimus, everolimus, sirolimus, and cyclosporine A drugs. Measurements were performed using an LC-MS/MS instrument. Bias values were calculated to detect the deviation rates.Results:All RMs led to false negative results in the tacrolimus and cyclosporine A levels at a rate of -19.77% (95% CI, -27.16 to 12.52) to -44.45% (95% CI, -49.20 to -39.69). The smallest deviations were seen in the everolimus levels with the administration of RM6 (gadodiamide) and in the sirolimus levels with RM1 (gadobutrol) at the rates of 4.04% (95% CI, -11.36 to -3.17) and 2.11% (95% CI, -7.18 to 7.11), respectively. The most affected drug by RM4 (gadopentetate dimeglumine salt) was sirolimus at the rate of 114.01% (95% CI, 97.31 - 130.76). RM5 (gadodiamide) interfered cyclosporine A at the most. The highest deviations were observed with the administration of RM3 (iohexol) in the everolimus and sirolimus levels at the rates of 153.72% (95% CI, 142.44 to 164.78) and 171.41% (95% CI, 157.91 to 184.97), respectively.Conclusion:Radiopaque agents interfered the measurement of immunosuppressant drugs. Especially, everolimus and sirolimus levels were affected due to using iohexol. The choice of gadodiamide or ioversol is important to reduce the risk of interference for everolimus measurement. The blood samples should be obtained for measurement of drug levels before contrast-enhanced imaging.
Quantitative Structure-activity Relationship Analysis for Predicting Lipophilicity of Aniline Derivatives (Including some Pharmaceutical Compounds)
Authors: Rezaei Morteza , Mohammadinasab Esmat , Esfahani Tahere Momeni 
Published: April 2019

Background:
In this study, we used a hierarchical approach to develop quantitative structureactivity
relationship (QSAR) models for modeling lipophilicity of a set of 81 aniline derivatives containing
some pharmaceutical compounds.

Objective:
The multiple linear regression (MLR), principal component regression (PCR) and partial least
square regression (PLSR) methods were utilized to construct QSAR models.

Materials & Methods:
Quantum mechanical calculations at the density functional theory level and 6-
311++G** basis set were carried out to obtain the optimized geometry and then, the comprehensive set of
molecular descriptors was computed by using the Dragon software. Genetic algorithm (GA) was applied to
select suitable descriptors which have the most correlation with lipophilicity of the studied compounds.

Results:
It was identified that such descriptors as Barysz matrix (SEigZ), hydrophilicity factor (Hy),
Moriguchi octanol-water partition coefficient (MLOGP), electrophilicity (ω/eV) van der Waals volume
(vWV) and lethal concentration (LC50/molkg-1) are the best descriptors for QSAR modeling. The high
correlation coefficients and the low prediction errors for MLR, PCR and PLSR methods confirmed good
predictability of the three models.

Conclusion:
In present study, the high correlation between experimental and predicted logP values of
aniline derivatives indicated the validation and the good quality of the resulting three regression methods,
but MLR regression procedure was a little better than the PCR and PLSR methods. It was concluded that
the studied aniline derivatives are not hydrophilic compounds and this means these compounds hardly
dissolve in water or an aqueous solvent.
MgRuAl-layered Double Hydroxides (LDH): An Efficient Multifunctional Catalyst for Aldol Condensation and Transfer Hydrogenation Reactions
Authors: Saikia Hemaprobha , Basumatary Sanjay 
Published: April 2019

Background:
Layered double hydroxides (LDH) are drawing much attention as solid catalysts
in recent years and have applications in various organic transformations as they possess a variety
of basic sites which could be obtained by exchange of metal ions or by intercalation of suitable anions
into their interlayer space. Ru based complexes have widespread catalytic applications in many organic
reactions. Herein, novel ruthenium containing ternary LDH has been synthesized and used as a multifunctional
catalyst for Aldol condensation and transfer hydrogenation reactions.

Methods:
Ternary LDH multifunctional catalyst containing Mg, Ru and Al was prepared by coprecipitation
and hydrothermal treatment. The catalyst was characterized by elemental analysis, Powder
XRD, FT-IR, BET, TGA, DRS, SEM, EDX, XPS and TEM. The products of the reactions were
characterized by 1H NMR and GC-MS.

Results:
The analysis of catalyst revealed incorporation of Ru in the brucite layers of the LDH and
showed the mosaic single crystal with BET surface area of 84.25 m2 g-1. This catalyst yielded 85–98%
products for Aldol condensation reactions within 4 h reaction time, and 82–98% products for transfer
hydrogenation reactions within 16 h reaction time.

Conclusion:
The resultant MgRuAl-LDH with acid and base sites was found to be highly active and
selective for one-step synthesis of nitrile compounds. The catalyst works more efficiently for Aldol
condensation reactions in shorter reaction times compared to transfer hydrogenation reactions.
Recent classification of diabetes mellitus
Authors: Tiwari Kuldeep , Kumar Dinesh 
Published: April 2019

The right classification for diabetes mellitus (DM) allows a more adequate treatment and comprises four categories: type 1 DM, type 2 DM, other types, and gestational diabetes. Assigning a type of diabetes to an individual often depends on the circumstances present at the time of diagnosis, and many diabetic individuals do not easily fit into a single class. Diabetes mellitus and lesser forms of glucose intolerance, particularly impaired glucose tolerance, can now be found in almost every population in the world and epidemiological evidence suggests that, without effective prevention and control programmes, diabetes will likely continue to increase globally. These findings were confirmed in a similar study in India, in which the FPG and 2-h PG were each strongly and equally associated with retinopathy. For both the FPG and the 2-h PG, the prevalence of retinopathy was markedly higher above the point of intersection of the two components of the bimodal frequency distribution (FPG = 129 mg/dl [7.2 mmol/l] and 2- h PG = 207 mg/dl [11.5 mmol/l]). In the NHANES III, 2,821 individuals aged 40-74 years received an OGTT, a measurement of HbAlc, and an assessment of retinopathy by fundus photography.
TREATMENT COMPLETION AND IMPLEMENTATION BY PATIENTS INITIATING TICAGRELOR
Authors: Grégoire Jean-Pierre , Poirier Paul , Perez Norma , Demers Éric , Moisan Jocelyne 
Published: April 2019

BackgroundIn secondary prevention of adverse events and death following acute coronary syndrome, patients may benefit from adhering to a ticagrelor treatment.ObjectivesThe authors assessed the proportion of new ticagrelor users who completed 12 months of treatment, explored the factors associated with treatment completion and, among the completers, evaluated the 12-month treatment implementation.MethodsA retrospective administrative health database inception cohort study was conducted in a population that included Quebec residents ≥18 years of age who initiated ticagrelor between January 1, 2012 and March 31, 2014. A patient still on ticagrelor at the end of the 12-month period after treatment initiation was considered to have completed the treatment. Factors associated with treatment completion were identified using log-binomial regression. Implementation was assessed using the proportion of days covered (PDC).
ResultsOf the 3,600 patients, 2,235 (62.1%) completed 12 months of treatment. The patients who were more likely to complete their treatment included those who had visited a general practitioner, had a percutaneous coronary intervention, used a statin or fibrate, and those who used an antihypertensive drug during the year preceding the ticagrelor treatment initiation. Older patients, those with atrial fibrillation, those who had ≥ 6 physician visits and those who used an anticoagulant were less likely to complete the 12-month treatment. The median PDC was 96.2%.ConclusionTreatment completion might be improved. Among patients who completed the treatment, implementation was high. The factors associated with completion could help to identify patients who might benefit from interventions that aim to optimize treatment completion.
The attitude of consumers towards “Made in Italy” products. An empirical analysis among Italian customers
Authors: Cappelli Lucio , D’ascenzo Fabrizio , Ruggieri Roberto , Rossetti Francesca , Scalingi Alessandra 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The paper is part of a broader research project studying consumer’s attitude towards “Made in Italy” products through empirical investigation. The research questions addressed are: 1) Does recognition in terms of the qualitative characterization of “Made in Italy” products exist? And if so, 2) are people willing to pay, in quantitative terms, a premium price for such products? From a theoretical standpoint, the research seeks to fill a gap in the literature, since studies combining the “made in” characteristic with measured “willingness to pay” are neither conventional nor numerous. The specific purpose of this contribution is to analyze the relationship between the purchase of “Made in Italy” products, recognition of the quality and willingness to pay a premium price on the part of Italian consumers, reporting the results of an empirical research. The survey involved a total of 315 Italian consumers while three commodity sectors were analysed: food, fashion and mechanical automation. The results confirm that there is a propensity to purchase “Made in Italy” products which does not seem to be a matter of irrational consumer behaviour. “Made in Italy” is confirmed as a conceptual category consolidated in the minds of consumers, since there is clear recognition of these products in terms of qualitative characterization. These and other results of the research (which need to be confirmed and extended with further empirical investigations) should prove relevant both to the literature and as indications for public policies and the strategies of companies operating in the sectors examined. For the literature this research can be useful because there is no complete overview of quantitative data on the premium price. It can also serve for public policies because quantification of the premium price can influence the choices and strategies of companies. This study shows a significant willingness to pay a premium price for the three sectors analyzed, although the premium price is not homogeneous: while the measures range mostly between 10 and 30%, higher values appear for products in the food sector.
Low risk trading algorithm based on the price cyclicality function for capital markets
Authors: Păuna Cristian 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Buy cheap and sell more expensive is one of the basic ideas of trading the capital markets for hundreds of years. To apply it in practice has become difficult nowadays due to the high price volatility. The uncertainty in the price movements often leads to high-risk allocation. One main question is when the price is low enough for a low-risk entry? Once established an entry point, the second question is how long to keep the open trades in order to optimize the investment efficiency? This article will answer these questions. A general trading algorithm based on the price cyclical behavior will be revealed. The mathematical model is developed using the Price Cyclicality Function combined with other computational techniques in order to establish low-risk intervals. The algorithm will use multiple entry points in order to catch the best price opportunities. A simple empirical exit algorithm will be optimized in order to maximize the profit for a certain capital exposure level. The presented model uses a low number of functional parameters which can be optimized with a reasonable computational effort for any financial market. Trading results obtained for several markets will also be included in this paper in order to reveal the efficiency of the presented methodology. It was found that the Low-Risk Trading Algorithm can be used with good results for algorithmic trading in any financial market. With the right parameters set, this methodology can be wide range applied in the stock markets, currency and cryptocurrency markets, commodities and raw materials markets and even for the real estate investments. The simplicity of the presented model and the good efficiency level obtained will recommend it. This methodology can be used by any investor in order to manage the investment plan with multiple capital markets.
Fiscal management on revenue-based or expenditure-based adjustments: an empirical evidence from EU-Countries
Authors: Bâzgan Ramona-Mihaela 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
An objective for each developed state remains the improvement of a suitable fiscal management system that could generate an increased level of resources. Further on, planning, distributing, allocating those resources to the proper beneficiaries, could generate an economic stabilization, suitable economic growth, decreased level of the net lending variable. The study consisted in an empirical research throughout it was developed the analysis of the impact of fiscal strategies and public expenses adjustments on economic growth and budgetary balance. Time series data from 1998 to 2018 were used on the empirical evidence over the European countries. The study developed an econometric model represented by an unbalanced panel data analysis having as independent variables: the variance of direct taxes, the dynamics of indirect taxes, the variance of budgetary balance, the variance of tax burden, the dynamics of change in net lending as percent of gross domestic product. The dependent variable was revealed throughout the variance of gross domestic product per capita. Over 588 time series observations and 28 cross-section data were taken into consideration in order to reveal if either revenue-adjustments or public-spending adjustments had a greater influence on the evolution of economic growth over the EU-Countries. The result of the econometric model exposed a positive correlation between total expenditure, budgetary balance and economic growth and a negative correlation between direct taxes, indirect taxes, tax burden and economic growth. Moreover, by generating dummy variables on the fixed effect model, it was revealed that large fiscal improvements had a less positive effect on the development of economic growth than fiscal adjustments based on medium-size consolidation.