bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between self‐reported weight loss and new long‐term care insurance certifications: A 9‐year Japanese older adult cohort study
Authors: Katayose Ryo , Okura Mika , Kinoshita Ayae , Shimamura Sora , Tanaka Saki , Arai Hidenori , Ogita Mihoko 
Published: November 2024

AimThis cohort study aimed to assess weight loss associated with new long‐term care insurance (LTCI) certifications over a 9‐year period, accounting for the competing risk of death.MethodsWe analyzed data from 3749 Japanese individuals aged ≥65 years in Kami Town, Hyogo Prefecture, Japan. Weight loss was assessed using the Kihon Checklist during the baseline survey. Data regarding LTCI certifications were collected until March 2022. Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) of 9‐year LTCI certification because of weight loss, adjusted for confounding factors. To exclude the effect of competing risks, Fine‐Gray regression was used to estimate subdistribution HRs. Subgroup analyses were carried out after the examination of potential interactions between subjective cognitive function, body mass index categories and weight loss.ResultsThe incidence rate of new LTCI certifications was 5.16 per 100 person‐years overall – broken down into 7.02 for those with weight loss and 4.97 for those without. The adjusted HR for weight loss to new LTCI certifications was 1.35 (95% CI 1.15–1.59). Considering mortality as a competing risk, the adjusted subdistribution HR was 1.37 (95% CI 1.16–1.61). Conversely, no interaction was observed between weight loss and subjective cognitive function or body mass index categories.ConclusionsExcluding the effect of mortality, weight loss was identified as a risk factor for new LTCI certifications. However, no interaction was observed between weight loss and subjective cognitive function or body mass index categories. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 1320–1327.
GGR Handbook of Rock and Mineral Analysis Chapter 5 The Inductively Coupled Plasma
Authors: Linge Kathryn L. 
Published: November 2024

This chapter (The Inductively Coupled Plasma) is a contribution to the Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research Handbook of Rock and Mineral Analysis – an online textbook that is a fully revised and updated edition of A Handbook of Silicate Rock Analysis (P. J. Potts, 1987, Blackie, Glasgow).Chapter 5 (from Section 1 of the handbook dealing with fundamentals of measurement and instrument design) is a comprehensive treatment of the inductively coupled plasma – a significant cornerstone of modern geoanalytical spectrometry. The Chapter includes discussion of plasma formation and key components of the ICP source. This is followed by an examination of the challenges of sample introduction into the plasma, particularly focussed on the introduction of liquid samples. The physical structure of the plasma, its robustness and interference effects are fully examined prior to a section dealing with how the operation of plasma is optimised in practise.
Thinking About Drawing As Cause and Consequence: Practical Approaches in Time
Authors: Grennan Simon , Matthews Miranda , Penketh Claire , Wild Carol 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis paper, a conversation between Simon Grennan, Carol Wild, Miranda Matthews and Claire Penketh, explores drawing as cause and consequence, applying Grennan's thinking to three drawings as a means of exploring and exemplifying ideas discussed in his keynote at the iJADE Conference: Time in 2023. Following an initial introduction to key ideas that were raised for that audience, the paper explores the ways that three particular drawings operate, with temporality offering one of a number of ways that they may be explored. The paper centres on three questions: (i) What might students learn are the different purposes of drawing? (ii) How might students adjudicate the status of drawn traces? (iii) How might students adjudicate the value of drawing activities?
Potential pro‐tumour cytokine in oral squamous cellular carcinoma: IL37
Authors: Yan Ying , Li Jun , He Yungang , Ji Ping , Xu Jie , Li Yong 
Published: November 2024

AbstractInflammation and immunosuppression are important features of tumours, including oral squamous cellular carcinoma (OSCC). Interleukin 37 (IL37), a cytokine known for the ability to suppress inflammation and immunity, shows two seemingly contradictory functions in tumours. This study aims to investigate the mechanism that regulates IL37 and its role in OSCC progression. Herein, IL37, CD86 and CD206 in OSCC specimens were determined. Hypoxia, MCC950 and siRNA‐Gasdermin D (GSDMD) were utilised to investigate the mechanism of IL37 production and release. Animal experiments were established to examine the role of IL37 in OSCC growth in vivo. We found the levels of IL37 are elevated in OSCC tissues compared with normal oral mucosa. In cell experiments, hypoxia was proved to be a vital facilitator in IL37 expression and release. Mechanically, hypoxia promoted IL37 expression through the activation of NACHT–LRR–PYD‐containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, and promoted IL37 release via GSDMD. Furthermore, IL37 levels in OSCC specimens are positively correlated with the number of M2 macrophages, but negatively with M1. Further studies revealed IL37 facilitated OSCC progression via promoting macrophage polarization from M1 to M2 and enhancing tumour cell proliferation. Thus, IL37 could be a promising target for OSCC treatment in the future.
Monocyte–lymphocyte ratio predicts cardiovascular diseases death in individuals with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Li Han , Li Yixuan , Guo Wenwen , Liu Xinwei , Wang Yuhao , Zeng Tianshu , Kong Wen 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTPurposePrevious studies have shown higher cardiovascular mortality risk with higher monocyte–lymphocyte ratio levels in general population. However, the levels of oxidative stress in individuals with type 2 diabetes are higher than those in the general population, which may affect the link between monocyte‐to‐lymphocyte ratio and cardiovascular disease deaths. And the association between the monocyte‐to‐lymphocyte ratio and mortality risk in people with type 2 diabetes still be unknown. This study aimed to investigate the prognostic significance of monocyte‐to‐lymphocyte ratio in type 2 diabetes.MethodsThis analysis involved 2,954 individuals with type 2 diabetes from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2010. The National Death Index records through December 31, 2019, was used to determine all‐cause and cardiovascular mortality. The prognostic roles were determined using Cox regression models, restricted cubic spline analysis, and time‐dependent receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.ResultsDuring an average follow‐up period of 12.4 years, a total of 1,007 deaths occurred, while 252 were due to cardiovascular disease. An elevated monocyte‐to‐lymphocyte ratio level exhibited a significant dose–response relationship with an increased risk of all‐cause mortality (1.34 [95% CI 1.12, 1.60] for all‐cause mortality [P trend = 0.001]). The multivariable‐adjusted HR was 1.81 (95% CI 1.25, 2.63) (P trend = 0.001) for cardiovascular mortality indicating a U‐shaped relationship (P nonlinear = 0.013).ConclusionsThe results of this study indicate a U‐shaped relationship between the monocyte‐to‐lymphocyte ratio and cardiovascular mortality in individuals with diabetes. Both very low and high monocyte‐to‐lymphocyte ratio monocyte‐to‐lymphocyte ratio values were found to be associated with increased cardiovascular mortality risk.
Environmental Factors in Oryctes rhinoceros (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) Breeding
Authors: Shen Meng‐Wei , Chen Hung‐Chuan , Chen Shyi‐Tien 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe Oryctes rhinoceros (Scarabaeidae: Coleoptera) is a common coleopteran insect in tropical and subtropical areas with many potential uses. Its larvae are commonly found in dead coconut trees and hay piles in the wild and are widely distributed in the northern hemisphere. This study investigates the environmental factors influencing the growth of Oryctes rhinoceros beetle larvae and provides valuable insights into their breeding conditions versus their potential applications. The research examined three key affecting factors of larval development over time, namely, moisture content, growth space and soil content. Results of a pretest run revealed that moisture content, but not the soil content, affected the larval survival greatly. A reasonable confinement on feed moisture (i.e., 30%–60%) was included in the later conducted three‐factor factorial experiment. At last, results of the factorial run suggested that: (1) for a consistent and massive larval breeding, environmental factors, setting moisture content at 60%, larval space at 100 cm3/larva and no soil addition, are deemed appropriate, (2) for nutritional purpose, setting moisture content at 60%, larval space at 300 cm3/larva and no soil addition are recommended, and (3) for soil pollution remediation, setting moisture content at 60%, larval space at 100 cm3/larva and a soil‐to‐feed (S/F) ratio of 2:1 is concluded. This study marks the first engineering breeding exploration of Oryctes rhinoceros larvae, offering practical recommendations for various research purposes and applications.
Foreign Market Investment as a Locus of Response to Adverse Performance
Authors: Abdi Majid , Wang Liang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPerformance gap recognition derives from social comparison with rivals. We propose that the attribution of these gaps to foreign direct investment (FDI) inadequacy – and thus the likelihood of responding with FDI – is also guided by such social comparisons. Specifically, the performance gap becomes a stronger trigger for foreign market investment when underperforming peers are less engaged in FDI than outperforming counterparts, as this highlights the role of FDI scarcity in explaining the gap. Similarly, a firm's lower FDI involvement increases the performance gap's capacity to trigger FDI by making FDI inadequacy a more plausible explanation, whereas extensive existing FDIs shift the blame away from FDI insufficiency. By examining the locus of investment activity under the performance gap, we show that the associated FDI‐triggering capacity is limited to institutionally proximate environments where the upside potential for addressing the performance gap can be recognized upfront through current models, methods, and resources. Institutionally distant investments, whose potential evolves through experimentation with the local context, become increasingly unlikely as a firm falls behind its rivals. These findings suggest that a firm's response to the performance gap is shaped by inferences about the causes of underperformance and the clarity of an alternative's capacity to address the gap.
A novel automated pipeline to assess MR spectroscopy quality control: Comparing current standards and manual assessment
Authors: Beroukhim Bodhi , McComas Skyler , Joyce Julie M. , Schuhmacher Luisa S. , Koerte Inga , Lan Zhou , Lin Alexander 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackground and PurposeThe absence of a consensus data quality control (DQC) process inhibits the widespread adoption of MR spectroscopy. Poor DQC can lead to unreliable clinical diagnosis and irreproducible research conclusions. Currently, manual visual assessment or the standard quantitative metrics of signal‐to‐noise, linewidth, and model fit are used as classifiers, but these measures may not be sufficient. To supplement standard metrics, this paper proposes a novel automated DQC pipeline named Visual Evaluative Control Technology Of Resonance Spectroscopy (VECTORS).MethodsManual DQC ratings were conducted on 7180 spectra obtained from 110 young adults using short‐echo chemical shift imaging at 3 Tesla. Four reviewers conducted manual ratings on the presence of artifacts and location of metabolites. The ratings were labor intensive, taking over 180 hours. VECTORS was developed to quantify their DQC criteria, detecting artifacts that present as duplicate peaks, vertical shifts, and glutamine + glutamate and myoinositol peak shapes. Run on the same data using a standard laptop, VECTORS only took 2 hours.ResultsThe manual ratings were not monotonic to the standard quantitative metrics. VECTORS correctly flagged spectra that the manual ratings missed. VECTORS accurately flagged an additional 126 poor DQ spectra that consensus cutoffs of the standard quantitative metrics deemed good DQ.ConclusionStandard quantitative metrics may not account for all DQC artifacts as they are not monotonic to the manual ratings. However, manual ratings are labor intensive, subjective, and irreproducible. VECTORS addresses these issues and should be used in conjunction with standard quantitative metrics.
Reduced visual and middle temporal gyrus activity correlates with years of exercise in athletes using resting‐state fMRI
Authors: Peng Lei , Li Jiyuan , Xu Lin , Zhang Zheyuan , Wang Zexuan , Zhong Xiao , Wang Letong , Shao Yongcong , Yue Yunlong 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackground and PurposeDifferent types of physical training can lead to changes in brain activity and function, and these changes can vary depending on the type of training. However, it remains unclear whether there are commonalities in how different types of training affect brain activity and function. The purpose of this study is to compare the brain activity states of professional athletes with those of ordinary university students and to explore the relationship between training and differences in brain activity states.MethodsThis study primarily utilizes resting‐state MRI and the degree centrality metric to investigate spontaneous brain activity in 86 high‐level athletes with extensive training and 74 age‐ and gender‐matched nonathletes. Additionally, a correlation analysis between brain activity in relevant regions and years of training was conducted.ResultsThe analysis revealed that, compared to nonathletes, high‐level athletes exhibited reduced activity in the Calcarine (a visual area) and Middle Temporal Gyrus. Furthermore, changes in the activity of the Calcarine and Middle Temporal Gyrus were significantly correlated with the number of years of professional training.ConclusionsThe study results indicate that long‐term physical training is associated with changes in brain activity in athletes, providing insights into the neural mechanisms underlying behavioral performance in professional athletes.
Portable Gait Analysis of Patients With Rotating Hinge Knee Megaprosthesis Compared With Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Gu Ming‐Yong , Zhang Jing‐Yu , Chen Meng‐Yu , Wang Wei , Ma Ji‐Bin , Fu Xuefei , Liu Yan‐Cheng , Miao Jun 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe gait analysis of patients after surgery for tumors around the knee joint relies on the use of a three‐dimensional motion capture system. However, obtaining long‐term, free‐standing, real‐world gait data with three‐dimensional gait analysis is challenging. In this study, we utilized a portable gait analyzer to collect gait data from patients who underwent rotating hinge knee megaprosthesis (RHK) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA), this study aims to compare via gait analysis patients who underwent megaprosthesis with patients with TKA.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted on eight patients with knee bone tumors (RHK group) and ten patients with knee osteoarthritis who underwent standard TKA (TKA group) from January 2018 to January 2022. Gait analysis, was conducted using the Intelligent Device for Energy Expenditure and Activity (IDEEA), and the results were compared with those of a healthy control group. The lower limb alignment of the RHK and TKA groups was evaluated, and the KSS scores of the two groups were collected and compared. Energy consumption during a 20‐m walk was measured and compared among the RHK, TKA, and healthy control groups using one‐way ANOVA. Paired t‐tests were used to compare the operated and nonoperated limbs within groups.ResultsAll patients exhibited slower walking speeds and cadence than the healthy control participants (p < 0.01), While no significant differences were found between the RHK and TKA groups. The single support time (521.15 ± 94.56 ms) of the RHK‐operated limb was significantly shorter than that of the nonoperated limb (576.53 ± 77.40 ms, p = 0.004). The pulling acceleration of the RHK group (0.71 ± 0.27 G) was lower than that of the TKA group (1.04 ± 0.31 G, p = 0.029). The push‐off angle in the RHK group (24.91° ± 10.91°) was significantly greater than that in the TKA group (10.64° ± 5.41°, p = 0.007). The RHK group showed significant differences between the operated and nonoperated limbs in terms of swing power, ground impact, footfall, and push‐off. The RHK (0.03 ± 0.01 kcal/min/kg) and TKA (0.029 ± 0.01 kcal/min/kg) groups had significantly greater energy expenditures than did the healthy control group (0.02 ± 0.00 kcal/min/kg, p < 0.05). The comparison of HKA angles and KSS scores between the TKA and RHK groups showed statistically significant differences.ConclusionA portable gait analyzer appears to be suitable for evaluating the effects of RHK. RHK patients demonstrate more pronounced gait abnormalities than TKA patients, reflected in greater energy expenditure, implying reduced walking efficiency. This suggests the need for increased energy expenditure in RHK patients to compensate for abnormal knee joint conditions during walking and maintain body balance.
Association between nasopharyngeal airway lipidome signatures of infants with severe bronchiolitis and risk of recurrent wheeze: A prospective multicenter cohort study
Authors: Miyachi Hideaki , Shibata Ryohei , Makrinioti Heidi , Kyo Michihito , Camargo Carlos A. , Zhu Zhaozhong , Hasegawa Kohei 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundInfants hospitalized for bronchiolitis are at high risk for developing recurrent wheeze in childhood. The role of airway lipids in the link between these two conditions remains unclear. This study aimed to identify the association between airway lipids in infants hospitalized for bronchiolitis and the development of recurrent wheeze, with a focus on immunoglobulin E (IgE) sensitization.MethodsIn a multicenter prospective cohort study of 919 infants (age <1 year) hospitalized for bronchiolitis, we performed lipidomic profiling of nasopharyngeal airway specimens collected at hospitalization. We first identified lipid modules composed of highly correlated lipids by performing weighted correlation network analysis. We then examined the longitudinal association of those lipid modules with the rate of recurrent wheeze by age 3 years after discharge from hospitalization for bronchiolitis. We also examined the associations of lipid modules with IgE non‐sensitized (i.e., neither sensitized at admission nor at age 3 years) and IgE‐sensitized (i.e., sensitized at admission and/or at age 3 years) recurrent wheeze by age 3 years, respectively.ResultsOur analysis identified 15 distinct lipid modules in the nasopharyngeal airway lipidome data. Overall, lipid modules composed of triacylglycerols (hazard ratio [HR] 1.78, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.26–2.51, FDR < 0.01) and sphingolipids (HR 1.74, 95% CI 1.25–2.44, FDR <0.01) had the strongest associations with recurrent wheeze development. Stratification by IgE sensitization revealed differential associations. For example, the module composed of triacylglycerols was significantly associated with IgE non‐sensitized recurrent wheeze, whereas the module composed of sphingolipids was significantly associated with IgE‐sensitized recurrent wheeze (both FDR <0.05).ConclusionDistinct nasopharyngeal airway lipid modules are associated with recurrent wheeze development following severe bronchiolitis, with different patterns based on IgE sensitization status.
Effects of a defined‐contribution retirement plan on teacher attrition
Authors: Gorina Eugenia , Sidorova Jen 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn 2006, Alaska reformed its defined‐benefit (DB) Teacher Retirement System by creating a mandatory 401(k)‐style defined‐contribution (DC) plan for new hires. The new plan increased benefit portability and transferred the investment risk from the employer to the employee. Using individual teacher data for 2005–2017, we show that the reform increased teacher attrition. We also observe, however, that it did not lead to the loss of human capital. The paper contributes to the discussion of the design of DB–DC transitions that can maintain incentives for public‐sector employment.
Traumatic dental injuries and oral health‐related quality of life in children and adolescents with special health care needs in Eastern India: A case‐control study
Authors: Narayanan Sri Priya , Mahapatra Shilpa , Sahoo Hitesh Kumar , Padhihary Lipsa , Gupta Shivani 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAimThis matched case‐control study aimed to investigate the prevalence of traumatic dental injuries (TDI) and its impact on oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL) in hearing and/or visually impaired children attending government special schools in Eastern India.MethodsA two‐step cluster analysis was performed to define cases and controls based on the Parental–Caregivers Perceptions Questionnaire (PCP‐Q) scores from the 228 parent/guardian responses. The cases included children with a higher negative impact on OHRQoL (89 subjects), whereas the controls were those with a lower negative impact on OHRQoL (139 subjects). Groups were matched for age and gender and researchers were blinded to case/control status. Binary logistic regression was performed.ResultsThe prevalence of TDI among the study subjects was 24.12%. Compared to subjects in the control group (16.5%), a significantly higher proportion of cases (36%) reported a history of TDI. Children with TDI had considerably higher OHRQoL scores across all P‐CPQ sub‐scales. Falls were the most common cause of TDI, primarily at home or school and none received treatment.ConclusionTDI significantly impacts OHRQoL in these children. Lack of treatment highlights the need for caregiver awareness and improved dental access for children with special needs. Further research with larger samples and specialized OHRQoL tools is recommended.