bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prednisolone versus Prednisolone combined with Acyclovir for the Treatment of Bell's Palsy: A Comparative Study in Peripheral Referral Centre
Authors: Shrestha Karuna , Shah Rajeev , Sapkota Srijana , Giri Sandarva 
Published: September 2018

Introduction: Bell's palsy is an idiopathic facial nerve palsy of sudden onset, usually, unilateral. Recent evidence suggests association of Herpes simplex infection with Bell's palsy but exact cause is unknown. Prednisolone are widely used in the treatment of Bell's palsy. However, the efficacy of additional treatment with acyclovir is uncertain.Objective: To evaluate whether a prednisolone with acyclovir provide a better degree of facial muscle recovery outcomes than prednisolone alone in patient with Bell's palsy.Methodology: This is a hospital based longitudinal cross sectional study conducted in Birat Medical College and Teaching Hospital and Birat Hospital PVT LTD, Biratnagar, Nepal from January 2017 to May 2018. A total of 42 patient diagnosed with Bell's palsy are included in this study, where 21 patient are treated with prednisolone and remaining 21 patient treated with a combination of prednisolone and acyclovir. The House-Brackmann grading scale is used for recording the initial presentation of patient with Bell's palsy and their early recovery on follow-up visit. The collected data was analysed using SPSS 18.0.Results: The total number of patients included in this study was 42. Mean age of patients is 27.1±10 years. Among them 25 (59.5%) were male and 17(40.5%) were female where male and female ratio is 1.5:1. Prednisolone plus acyclovir given in combination in Bell's palsy patients has as 76.2% recovery while prednisolone given alone has a 57.1% recovery P value <0.195, odds ratio 2.400 (95% confidence interval 0.638 – 9.028).Conclusions: Prednisolone and acyclovir, the combined therapy is effective than prednisolone alone in the treatment of Bell's palsy. It requires confirmation with randomized controlled trial. BJHS 2018;3(2)6: 443-446
Evaluation of Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of Parents toward their Children Oral Health Compared with their Dental Caries status
Authors: Dikshit Parajeeta , Limbu Senchhema , Gupta Sujaya , Pradhan Ruby 
Published: September 2018

Introduction: Oral health is an integral component of overall health and well-being. Unfavorable oral hygiene habits cause early development of dental caries. Parents play a vital role in the oral health habits of their children. The oral care for the children can be improved by enhancing the oral health knowledge of their parents.Objectives: The objective of this study was to find out the knowledge, attitude and practices of parents toward their children oral health compared with dental caries status.Methodology: The sample consisting of 168 parent-child pair attending the Pedodontics department from November-December 2017 participated in the study after approval from Institutional review committee. A validated Nepali version of a structured questionnaire was used to collect the information on the knowledge, attitude and practice of the parents about oral health which was compared with the dental caries status of children and parents. The caries status was evaluated using the WHO criteria. The data was tabulated and subjected for statistical analysis.Results: Most of the parents (89.3 %) were aware that dental caries was the most common dental disease affecting children. Around 57.7% knew the importance of fluoride in prevention of dental caries. The children had higher dental caries rate than parents which was statistically significant. The overall oral health knowledge and attitude of the parents was adequate but their practice was inadequate. Inadequate attitude and practice of the parents had statistically significant impact on the caries status of the child.Conclusions: The parent's oral hygiene knowledge has an effect on their children oral health. So adequate education for parents is necessary to improve the influence of their dental health habits on their children's oral health. BJHS 2018;3(2)6: 447-452.
Profile of Patients Presenting with Asthma in Pediatric OPD of Kathmandu Medical College
Authors: Bhatta Anwesh 
Published: September 2018

Introduction: Asthma is the most common chronic disorder of childhood accounting for a significant proportion of childhood disability. Although asthma has been known to be a result of complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors, other added factors have been studied.Objective: This study was conducted to assess the patient characteristics and different risk factors in children with asthma.Methodology: The study was a cross-sectional study carried out at Kathmandu Medical College for duration of six months. Patients were labeled as asthma as per the diagnosis guideline of Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) 2016. After the diagnosis of asthma, patient and their caregivers sat for a face to face interview and a detailed proforma was filled up. Data was then entered in SPSS 20 and descriptive analysis was done to analyze the results.Results: A total of 69 patients labeled with the diagnosis of asthma were enrolled during the study period. The mean age of the enrolled patients was 6.44(±3.36) years. Male outnumbered the females (17:8). The study showed 45(65.2%) of the patients had a physician diagnosed allergic rhinitis while only around 5% had atopic dermatitis. Around 52.2% of the patients had a family history of atopy. Most of the patients (75.4%) enrolled in the study were labeled as mild persistent asthma followed by intermittent asthma in 18.8% and moderate persistent asthma in 5.8%.Conclusion: The study found asthma to be more prevalent in male population while mild persistent asthma was the most common severity present in the population. The most frequent risk factor for asthma found in the current study was physician diagnosed allergic rhinitis. BJHS 2018;3(2)6: 480-483.
Case Report: Newborn with Anorectal Malformation
Authors: Agrawal Triptee , Rimal Hem Sagar 
Published: September 2018

Anorectal malformations are defined by the relationship of the rectum to the sphincter complex and can be classified as high and low anomaly based on whether meconium is present or absent, presence of dimple, anocutaneous reflex, sacral abnormality or presence of meconium in urine. The diagnosis should be made in the delivery room by inspecting the perineum. Meconuria with absence of anal opening invariably indicates a high malformation which requires a colostomy in the newborn period. Low malformations do not become evident until 24 hours when the meconium may show up in the perineal fistula. These defects can be managed by a perineal anoplasty without a colostomy in the newborn period. A prone cross table lateral shoot abdominal film is required if clinical information at 24 hours is insufficient to decide whether a colostomy is needed. We present a case of newborn, day 4 of life, who did not pass meconium since birth, had abdominal distension, vomiting, poor feeding and lethargy since last 2 days. Anal area showed pigmentation with presence of median raphe, anal dimple and slightly formed anal opening. Baby was initially thought as a case of low type imperforate anus. On further evaluation, was found to have meconuria too. Invertogram done showed high type defect. Rest of the examination was normal. Supportive therapy was initiated and baby underwent transverse loop colostomy for high type imperforate anus on day 5 of life. So it is always advisable to confirm the type of anorectal malformation both clinically and by doing required investigation before deciding for any operative intervention like colostomy or anoplasty, as clinical examination and investigation may not correlate in all occasions. Evaluation should also include screening out for associations and other sacral anomalies. BJHS 2018;3(2)6: 500-503.
Erfolgreiche Anlaufgestaltung mittels selbstlernender automatisierter Montagesysteme
Authors: Schönherr Ralf , Burseg Lukas , Knaller Maximilian 
Published: September 2018

KurzfassungRegelmäßige Produktionsanläufe gehören heutzutage zur unabwendbaren Realität in der industriellen Praxis. Die erfolgreiche Anlaufgestaltung ist dabei von höchster Bedeutung für die Wettbewerbsfähigkeit und den wirtschaftlichen Erfolg produzierender Unternehmen. Die Implementierung selbstlernender Systemeigenschaften zur Fehlervermeidung in automatisierten Montagesystemen scheint hierfür ein vielversprechender Ansatz zu sein. Im vorliegenden Beitrag erfolgt die Vorstellung eines solchen Ansatzes zur selbstlernenden Fehlervermeidung automatisierter Montagesysteme.
Lebenszykluskostenmodell intralogistischer Systeme
Authors: Rechl Friederike , Fottner Johannes 
Published: September 2018

Kurzfassung
In der Intralogistik sind oft die Anschaffungskosten das Entscheidungskriterium bei Investitionen. Dabei wird eine Betrachtung der Lebenszykluskosten vernachlässigt, obwohl die Betriebskosten für einen wirtschaftlichen Anlagenbetrieb entscheidend sein können. Um die Wirtschaftlichkeit intralogistischer Systeme vor der Anschaffung zu bewerten, stellt dieser Beitrag ein spezifisches Lebenszykluskostenmodell vor.
Datengetriebene Produktionsoptimierung in der Montage
Authors: Palm Daniel , Ohlhausen Peter , Braun Anja , Welte Rebecca , Styr Angelika , Walter Felix , Meindorfer Tobias , Schmitt Christian , Seeger Elena , Altmann Ruben , Sai Brandon 
Published: September 2018

Kurzfassung
Der Einsatz von Data Science in der Produktion ermöglicht eine neue Art der Optimierung von Prozessen und Systemen. Die Bedeutung der datengetriebenen Produktionsoptimierung wächst zunehmend im produzierenden Gewerbe. Im Gegensatz zu konventionellen Ansätzen, wie z. B. die des Lean Managements, basiert dieser anhaltende Trend auf der steigenden Verfügbarkeit von Daten im Zuge der digitalen Transformation. Vor allem kleine und mittlere Unternehmen stehen vor der Herausforderung abzuwägen, welche Maßnahmen hierfür ergriffen werden sollten und welche Nutzenpotenziale sich daraus ergeben. Diese Arbeit stellt einen strukturierten Leitfaden zur Vorgehensweise bei Datenanalyseprojekten bezogen auf einen spezifischen Anwendungsfall im Kontext einer frühen Fehlerdetektion und -prävention dar.
Developing a Participatory Approach to Learning
Authors: Pihlainen Maija 
Published: September 2018

Beginning with a survey of Bahá’í writings and of emerging Bahá’í approaches to education, the article charts the Macau-based School of the Nations’ philosophy of education and considers its implications for the school’s curriculum development process. The article then proposes that the cooperative approach to education offers a potential instructional model within which Bahá’í principles and ideals, with their emphasis on moral education, participation, cooperation, and consultation, could be effectively implemented. Finally, the article discusses the school’s tentative experiments with this model and the steps taken to begin the model’s systematic implementation. The successful continuation of the project, the article suggests, will largely depend on the school’s ability to overcome the constraints imposed by the dominant competitive attitudes and practices and to gain acceptance of the value of a participatory and cooperative approach.
An earlier version of this paper was presented at the Eighth Annual Conference of the Hong Kong Educational Research Association. While the author takes full responsibility for the views expressed here, appreciation and thanks are due to the administration and staff of the School of the Nations who provided inspiration and stimulating ideas that made this paper possible.
Book Reviews
Authors: Gustafson Bret , Carpanini Francesco , Kalb Martin , Giblin James , Besky Sarah , Gallagher Patrick , Curley Andrew , Gobby Jen , Anderson Ryan 
Published: September 2018

Cepek, Michael. 2018. Life in Oil: Cofán
Survival in the Petroleum Fields of Amazonia.
Austin: University of Texas Press. 302 pp. ISBN
978-1477315088.Choné, Aurélie, Isabelle Hajek, and Philippe
Hamman, eds. 2017. Rethinking Nature:
Challenging Disciplinary Boundaries.
Abingdon; New York: Routledge. xiv + 268 pp.
(Paperback) ISBN 978-1-138-21493-4.Davis, Diana K. 2016. The Arid Lands: History,
Power, Knowledge. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
271 pp. ISBN 978-0262034524.Gissibl, Berhard. 2016. The Nature of German
Imperialism: Conservation and the
Politics of Wildlife in Colonial East Africa.
New York: Berghahn Books, 2016. 374 pp.
ISBN 978-1-78533-175-6.Ives, Sarah. 2017. Steeped in Heritage:
The Racial Politics of South African Rooibos
Tea. NC: Duke University Press. 272 pp. ISBN
978-0-8223-6986-8.Martínez-Reyes, José. Moral Ecology of a
Forest: The Nature Industry and Maya
Post-Conservation. Tucson: University of Arizona
Press. 216 pp. ISBN 978-0816531370.Powell, Dana E. 2017. Landscapes of Power:
Politics of Energy in the Navajo Nation.
Durham, NC: Duke University Press. 336 pp.
ISBN 978-0822369943.Raygorodetsky, Gleb. 2017. The Archipelago of
Hope: Wisdom and Resilience from the Edge
of Climate Change. New York: Pegasus Books.
336 pp. ISBN: 978-1681775326.Wright, Christopher, and Daniel Nyberg. 2015.
Climate Change, Capitalism, and Corporations:
Processes of Creative Self-Destruction.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 254
pp. ISBN 978-1107435131.
Penggunaan Metode Eksperimen Untuk Meningkatkan Pemahaman Konsep Dan Keterampilan Proses Siswa Tentang Pengaruh Kegiatan Manusia Terhadap Keseimbangan Lingkungan Dalam Pembelajaran IPA Di Kelas VI SD Negeri 4 Imbanagara Raya Kecamatan Ciamis Kabupaten Ciamis
Authors: Sudrajat Bpk 
Published: September 2018

PTK ini berjudul “Penggunaan Metode Eksperimen untuk Meningkatkan Pemahaman Konsep dan Keterampilan Proses Siswa Tentang Pengaruh Kegiatan Manusia Terhadap Keseimbangan Lingkungan dalam Pembelajaran IPA di Kelas VI SD Negeri 4 Imbanagara Raya Kecamatan Ciamis Kabupaten Ciamis”. Penelitian ini dilakukan, karena masih banyak ditemukan di lapangan terutama di sekolah tempat peneliti bertugas bahwa pembelajaran IPA hanya dilaksanakan dengan melaui metode ceramah dan penugasan saja. Nilai rata-rata pemahaman konsep siswa sebesar 61,50 atau di bawah nilai KKM. Begitu pun keterampilan proses sains dalam pembelajaran tidak tercapai secara maksimal. Sebagai solusi untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut peneliti menggunakan metode eksperimen atau percobaan dalam pembelajaran. Berdasarkan hal tersebut dirumuskan masalah sebagai berikut: (1) bagaimana tingkat pemahaman konsep siswa tentang pengaruh kegiatan manusia terhadap lingkungan setelah melalui metode eksperimen?; (2) bagaimana tingkat keterampilan proses sains siswa setelah diterapkannya metode eksperimen? Metode penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas yang dilakukan tiga siklus. Indikator dan pokok bahasan pada setiap siklusnya dikembangkan dan disesuaikan dengan materi IPA kelas VI Sekolah Dasar dengan KTSP 2006. Lokasi penelitian dilakukan di SD Negeri 4 Imbanagara Raya Kecamatan Ciamis Kabupaten Ciamis. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas VI tahun pelajaran 2016/2017 semester II, yang berjumlah seluruhnya 24 siswa dengan rincian 12 siswa laki-laki dan 13 siswa perempuan. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Jurnal Eksperimen, Observasi, Soal Tes Hasil Belajar, dan Angket. Adapun hasil yang diperoleh adalah dengan menggunakan metode eksperimen dapat meningkatkan pemahaman konsep dan keterampilan proses siswa tentang pengaruh kegiatan manusia terhadap keseimbangan lingkungan dalam pembelajaran IPA di kelas VI SD Negeri 4 Imbanagara Raya Kecamatan Ciamis Kabupaten Ciamis. Nilai rata-rata hasil belajar siswa pada siklus I pertemuan 1 sebesar 68,13; siklus I pertemuan 2 sebesar 72,29; siklus II pertemuan 1 sebesar 80,21, dan siklus II pertemuan 2 sebesar 85,83. Demikian pula dengan keterampilan proses sains siswa setiap siklusnya selalu mengalami peningkatan terutama aspek mengamati.
ANTALYA ŞEHRİNİN (MURATPAŞA, KEPEZ, DÖŞEMEALTI, AKSU, KONYAALTI) GELİŞMESİNDE ETKİLİ OLAN FAKTÖRLER
Authors: DOĞAN Mesut 
Published: September 2018

Antalya şehri, (Muratpaşa, Kepez,
Döşemealtı, Aksu, Konyaaltı) Akdeniz Bölgesi’nin Antalya Bölümü’nde yer
almaktadır. Son derece önemli bir sahada kurulmuş ve gelişmiş olan Antalya
şehri, fiziki ve beşeri coğrafya özellikleri bakımından dikkat çekmektedir.
Antalya şehrinin kurulduğu alan ve çevresi coğrafi özelliklere bağlı olarak çok
farklı fonksiyonlarla hem bölge hem de ülke ekonomisine katkı sağlamaktadır.
Nüfus ve yerleşme özellikleri başta olmak üzere zengin tarihi, tarım, sanayi,
ticaret, turizm ve ulaşım faaliyetleri bakımından son 35-40 yılda çok fazla öne
çıkmıştır. Bu bağlamda mekânsal planlamada sıkıntılar yaşanmış, tarım alanları
zarar görmüş, yanlış arazi kullanımı ortaya çıkmış, su kaynakları ve doğal bitki
örtüsü ortadan kaybolmuş, çarpık kentleşme ve çevre sorunları gibi ana sorunlar
oluşmuştur. Coğrafi konum çalışma sahasının beşeri ve fiziki özelliklerinin
belirlenmesinde önemli bir yere sahip olmuştur. Bu nedenle Antalya şehrinde
ikamet eden nüfus beşeri ve fiziki özelliklere bağlı olarak ortaya çıkan
sosyal, siyasal ve ekonomik olaylara bağlı olarak hayatlarını sürdürmektedir.
Bu çalışmada, Belli periyotlar dahilinde arazi çalışmaları yapılmış ve bu
doğrultuda çıkarımlarda bulunulmuştur. Haritalar Arcgis 10.4 programıyla
yapılmıştır.
TÜRKİYE’DE OTOMOTİV SANAYİSİNİN MEKÂNSAL DAĞILIŞI
Authors: YULU Adem , DOLDUR Hüsniye 
Published: September 2018

Türkiye’de motorlu araç üretimi ve bununla bağlantılı faaliyetler
1955’te montaj sanayi şeklinde başlamıştır. 1980’lere kadar montaja dayalı
olarak büyüme gösteren motorlu araç üretimi, 1990’lardan itibaren çeşitli
gelişmelerin etkisiyle günümüzde küresel ölçekte üretim yapacak seviyeye
erişmiştir.

Türkiye’de motorlu araç üretiminin montaja dayalı olarak sürdürüldüğü
yıllarda (1955-1970) üretim faaliyetleri ağırlıklı olarak İstanbul’da yer almıştır.
Sonraki yıllarda İstanbul dışına da yayılan otomotiv sanayi faaliyetleri, 1970’lerden
itibaren Bursa’da, 1980’lerde ülkenin iç kesimlerinde (Aksaray, Eskişehir,
Ankara, Adana) ve 1990’lardan sonra ise ağırlıklı olarak Kocaeli ve Sakarya’da
yer almaya başlamıştır. Bu mekânsal dağılışın oluşmasında otomotiv sanayisinin
kuruluş ve işleyişinde etkili olan çeşitli faktörlerin (pazar, ulaşım, işgücü,
sermaye, devlet politikaları, enerji kaynakları, kişisel kararlar vb.) yanı
sıra ülkede yaşanan şehirleşmenin de etkisi olmuştur.

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye’de otomotiv sanayi faaliyetlerinin
coğrafi dağılışını belirlemek ve bu dağılışa etki eden faktörleri incelemektir.
Otomotiv sanayi ve bununla bağlantılı tesislerin yer seçiminde hangi unsurların
etkili olduğunu belirlemek için çeşitli coğrafi yöntem ve teknikler kullanılmıştır.
Supermassive Black Holes with High Accretion Rates in Active Galactic Nuclei. VII. Reconstruction of Velocity-delay Maps by the Maximum Entropy Method
Authors: Xiao Ming , Du Pu , Horne Keith , Hu Chen , Li Yan-Rong , Huang Ying-Ke , Lu Kai-Xing , Qiu Jie , Wang Fang , Bai Jin-Ming , Bian Wei-Hao , Ho Luis C. , Yuan Ye-Fei , Wang Jian-Min ,   (SEAMBH collaboration)
Published: September 2018

Abstract
As one of a series of papers reporting on a large reverberation mapping campaign, we apply the maximum entropy method (MEM) to nine narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies with super-Eddington accretion rates observed during 2012–2013 for the velocity-delay maps of their Hβ and Hγ emission lines. The maps of six objects are reliably reconstructed using MEM. The maps of Hβ and Hγ emission lines of Mrk 335 indicate that the gas of its broad-line region (BLR) is infalling. For Mrk 142, its Hβ and Hγ lines show signatures of outflow. The Hβ and Hγ maps of Mrk 1044 demonstrate complex kinematics—a virialized motion accompanied by an outflow signature, and the Hβ map of IRAS F12397+3333 is consistent with a disk or a spherical shell. The Hβ maps of Mrk 486 and MCG +06-26-012 suggest the presence of inflow and outflow, respectively. These super-Eddington accretors show diverse geometry and kinematics. Brief discussions of their BLRs are provided for each individual object.
Texas Spectroscopic Search for Lyα Emission at the End of Reionization I. Constraining the Lyα Equivalent-width Distribution at 6.0 < z < 7.0
Authors: Jung Intae , Finkelstein Steven L. , Livermore Rachael C. , Dickinson Mark , Larson Rebecca L. , Papovich Casey , Song Mimi , Tilvi Vithal , Wold Isak 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
The distribution of Lyα emission is a presently accessible method for studying the state of the intergalactic medium (IGM) into the reionization era. We carried out deep spectroscopic observations in order to search for Lyα emission from galaxies with photometric redshifts z = 5.5–8.3 selected from the Cosmic Assembly Near-infrared Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey. Utilizing data from the Keck/DEIMOS spectrograph, we explore a wavelength coverage of Lyα emission at z ∼ 5–7 with 4 nights of spectroscopic observations for 118 galaxies, detecting five emission lines with ∼5σ significance: three in the GOODS-N and two in the GOODS-S fields. We constrain the equivalent-width (EW) distribution of Lyα emission by comparing the number of detected objects with the expected number constructed from detailed simulations of mock emission lines that account for the observational conditions (e.g., exposure time, wavelength coverage, and sky emission) and galaxy photometric redshift probability distribution functions. The Lyα EW distribution is well described by an exponential form, dN/dEW ∝ exp(−EW/W
0), characterized by the e-folding scale (W
0) of ∼60–100 Å at 0.3 < z < 6. By contrast, our measure of the Lyα EW distribution at 6.0 < z < 7.0 rejects a Lyα EW distribution with W
0 > 36.4 Å (125.3 Å) at 1σ (2σ) significance. This provides additional evidence that the EW distribution of Lyα declines at z > 6, suggesting an increasing fraction of neutral hydrogen in the IGM at that epoch.
Evidence of Jet–Clump Interaction: A Flip of the Radio Jet Head of 3C 84
Authors: Kino M. , Wajima K. , Kawakatu N. , Nagai H. , Orienti M. , Giovannini G. , Hada K. , Niinuma K. , Giroletti M. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Radio jets in active galaxies have been expected to interact with circumnuclear environments in their early phase evolutions. By performing the multi-epoch monitoring observation with the KVN and VERA Array at 43 GHz, we investigate the kinematics of the notable newborn bright component C3 located at the tip of the recurrent jet of 3C 84. During 2015 August–September, we discover the flip of C3 and the amount of the flip is about 0.4 mas in angular scale, which corresponds to 0.14 parsec in physical scale. After the flip of C3, it wobbled at the same location for a few months and then it restarted to propagate toward the southern direction. The flux density of C3 coherently showed the monotonic increase during the observation period. The flip is in good agreement with hydrodynamical simulations of jets in clumpy ambient medium. We estimate the number density of the putative clump based on the momentum balance between the jet thrust and the ram pressure from the clump and it is about 103–5 cm−3. We briefly discuss possible origins of the clump.