bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hybrid phthalonitrile‐based materials with advanced mechanical and nuclear shielding performances
Authors: Derradji Mehdi , Zegaoui Abdeldjalil , Medjahed Aboubakr , Liu Wenbin , Henniche Abdelkhalek 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPhthalonitrile resins as one of the leading high performance polymers are currently used in highly exigent applications. Herein, aiming to achieve the best combination of mechanical, thermal, and nuclear shielding performances, we prepared hybrid materials based on the typical phthalonitrile resin and the silane surface modified chopped carbon fibers and tungsten carbide nanoparticles. The obtained results suggested that a synergistic combination between the three constituent was clearly achieved leading to excellent mechanical and gamma rays shielding properties. For instance, the tensile and bending strengths reached up to 505 and 584 MPa for the composite containing 20 and 30 wt% of carbon fibers and tungsten carbide nanoparticles, respectively. Similarly, the gamma rays screening ratio also reached the exceptional value of 39% for the same 2 cm thick hybrid. Finally, the as such described hybrid materials proved that a multi‐approach strategy is often the best solution to achieve the requirements of highly exigent applications.
Parameterizing robust manipulator controllers under approximate inverse dynamics: A double‐Youla approach
Authors: Friedrich Stefan R. , Buss Martin 
Published: July 2019

SummaryWe consider the goal of ensuring robust stability when a given manipulator feedback control law is modified online, for example, to safely improve the performance by a learning module. To this end, the factorization approach is applied to both the plant and controller models to characterize robustly stabilizing controllers for rigid‐body manipulators under approximate inverse dynamics control. Outer‐loop controllers to stabilize the nonlinear uncertain loop that results from approximate inverse dynamics are often derived by lumping uncertainty in a single term and subsequent analysis of the error system. Here, by contrast, the well‐known norm bounds of these uncertain dynamics are first recast into a generalized plant configuration that preserves the characteristic uncertainty structure. Then, the overall loop uncertainty is expressed with respect to the nominal outer‐loop feedback controller by means of an uncertain dual‐Youla operator. Therefore, using the dual‐Youla parameterization, we provide a novel way to rigorously quantify permissible perturbations of robot manipulator feedforward/feedback controllers. The method proposed in this paper does not constitute another robust control law for rigid‐body manipulators, but rather a characterization of a set of robustly stabilizing controllers. The resulting double‐Youla parameterization for the control of robot manipulators is amenable to numerous advanced design methods. The result is thoroughly discussed by a planar elbow manipulator and exemplified with a six‐degree‐of‐freedom robot scenario with varying payload.
Synthesis, Alkylation and Reduction of 4‐Aryl‐2H‐1,2,3‐benzothiadiazine 1,1‐dioxides
Authors: Porcs‐Makkay Márta , Gyűjtő Imre , Lukács Gyula , Komáromi Anna , Tóth Gábor , Garádi Zsófia , Simig Gyula , Volk Balázs 
Published: July 2019

Abstractortho‐(2‐Aryl‐1,3‐dioxolan‐2‐yl)benzenesulfonyl chlorides obtained from benzophenone ketals by directed ortho‐lithiation chemistry were cyclized either with hydrazine monohydrate or with acetohydrazide to furnish variously substituted 4‐aryl‐2H‐1,2,3‐benzothiadiazine 1,1‐dioxides. Alkylation of benzothiadiazine dioxides with alkyl iodides under basic conditions was elaborated, revealing significant differences compared to the reactivity of 4‐unsubstituted ones. Hydrogenation of the C=N double bond in the presence of platinum(IV) oxide is also described. Detailed NMR studies and DFT calculations supported the structure elucidation of the compounds.
Non‐Enzymatic Amperometric Detection of H2O2 on One‐Step Electrochemical Fabricated Cu2O/Electrochemically Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanocomposite
Authors: Doğan Hülya Ö. , Çepni Emir , Urhan Bingül K. , Eryiğit Mesut 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn this study, we present a new approach to electrochemical growth of Cu2O/electrochemically reduced graphene oxide (Cu2O/ERGO) nanostructures that are based on simultaneous co‐reduction of both copper ions and graphene oxide from an aqueous suspension on gold electrode. The X‐ray diffraction (XRD) spectra of as‐prepared Cu2O/ERGO electrode showed that Cu2O and graphene structures in composite nanostructures. The SEM image exhibited that combining the crumpled ERGO and nanocubes shapes of Cu2O in nanocomposite stucture. The Cu2O/ERGO nanocomposite electrode exhibits good electrocatalytic activity toward detection of non‐enzymatic H2O2, compared to bare Au and Au/Cu2O electrodes, in terms of low working potential and high current density. The linear detection range for H2O2 is 1–1000 μM while the detection limit is 0.14 μM. Furthermore, a very high sensitivity is achieved with 168.2 mA mM−1 cm−2 estimated for H2O2. These results suggest that Cu2O/ERGO nanocomposites thus easily prepared through an electrochemical co‐reduction method are promising electrode materials for biosensor application.
Dppf‐Ligated Palladium Complex as an Efficient Catalyst for the Synthesis of Biaryl Ketones Using Co2(CO)8 as a C1 Source with High TON and TOF
Authors: Gaikwad Vinayak V. , Mane Pravin A. , Dey Sandip , Bhanage Bhalchandra M. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn this reports, we have synthesized and characterized the palladium catalyst [Pd2(dppf)2(SC12H8S)]2(OTf)4 which is successfully applied for Carbonylative Suzuki‐Miyaura cross‐coupling reaction. Synthesized catalyst was characterized by various analytical techniques such as 1H NMR, 31P NMR, CHNS, and single crystal X‐ray diffraction. The use of Co2(CO)8 as a C1 source instead of gaseous CO is an additional advantage of the developed protocol. The current protocol showing excellent catalytic activity at ppm level of “Pd” concentration to provided high TON and TON. TON could be achieved up to 104 and TOF up to 103. The protocol could tolerate a variety of functional groups and provided wide substrate scope including Heteroaryl ketones. The practical applicability of the proposed protocol up to gram level with marginal loss of the yield of the product. Remarkably, we have synthesized (4‐methoxyphenyl) (3,4,5‐trimethoxyphenyl)methanone and oxybenzone which is pharmaceutically active drug molecules under co‐catalyst, and additive free condition. .
Facile Nanolization Strategy for TherapeuticGanoderma Lucidum Spore Oilto Achieve Enhanced Protection against Radiation‐Induced Heart Disease
Authors: Dai Chengli , He Lizhen , Ma Bin , Chen Tianfeng 
Published: July 2019

AbstractRadiotherapy (RT) has been extensively utilized for clinical cancer therapy, however, excessive generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is becoming a main cause for radiation‐induced heart disease (RIHD).Ganoderma lucidum spore oil(GLSO) is a popular functional food composite with potent antioxidant activity, but it is compromised by poor solubility and stability for further application. Therefore, a strategy for rational fabrication of GLSO@P188/PEG400 nanosystem (NS) is demonstrated in this study to realize good water solubility and achieve enhanced protection against RIHD. As expected, GLSO@P188/PEG400 NS can attenuate X‐ray‐induced excessive ROS levels thanks to its enhanced free radical scavenging capability, simultaneously protecting on mitochondria from X‐ray irradiation (IR). Moreover, GLSO@P188/PEG400 NS alleviates DNA damage and promotes self‐repair processes against IR, thus recovering G0/G1 proportion back to normal levels. Furthermore, pre‐ and post‐treated GLSO@P188/PEG400 NS demonstrates potential protection on heart from X‐rays in vivo, as evidenced by attenuating cardiac dysfunction and myocardial fibrosis. Meanwhile, the cell antioxidant capacity (including T‐SOD, MDA, and GSH‐x) stays in balance during this process. This study not only provides a promising strategy for facile nanolization of functional food composites with hydrophobic defects but also sheds light on their cardiac protection and action mechanisms against IR‐induced disease.
Coho Salmon and Habitat Response to Restoration in a Small Stream
Authors: Anderson Joseph H. , Krueger Kirk L. , Kinsel Clayton , Quinn Timothy , Ehinger William J. , Bilby Robert 
Published: July 2019

AbstractStream restoration is a common conservation strategy for salmonids, but evidence that it has improved watershed scale habitat conditions or fish population abundance, survival, or spatial distribution is rare. We employed an intensively monitored watershed approach to measure the responses of both the habitat and Coho Salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch to a culvert replacement (2002) and a three‐phase large woody debris (LWD) addition (2007, 2009, and 2016) in Little Anderson Creek (LA), a small stream in western Washington. Following the replacement of a fish barrier culvert with a channel‐spanning bridge near the mouth of the creek, average smolt abundance for Coho Salmon more than tripled (910 vs. 275), demonstrating a significant increase in production capacity. In evaluating the habitat responses to the LWD placement, a series of mixed effects models indicated a modest, reach‐scale increase in LWD density and a statistically divergent trend in spawning gravel and pool frequency, whereby both metrics increased at a slightly lower rate in treated sites than in reference sites. However, substantial interannual habitat variation appeared be driven by regional processes rather than treatment effects, as habitat change among years was consistent between the treatment and reference watersheds. Although we observed more Coho Salmon smolts after the 2009 LWD placement (364 fish), this difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.22) and neither parr abundance nor parr‐to‐smolt survival increased. Also, we did not detect a change in density‐dependent growth dynamics or the spatial distribution of redds. Our results suggest that increasing accessibility through barrier removal can provide an immediate boost to freshwater fish production, but measurably improving population performance by adding LWD requires greater treatment magnitudes or more time for response than was examined in our study. Our ability to detect a fish response also may have been limited by low population abundance, which appeared to be below carrying capacity in most years following the LWD treatment.
Sensitivity‐based fuzzy multi‐objective portfolio model with Value‐at‐Risk
Authors: Zhang Huiming , Watada Junzo , Wang Bo 
Published: July 2019

AbstractTo quantitatively discuss the effects and uncertainties of yield changes in each stock for portfolio selection results and then to provide a more reliable portfolio solution for investors, sensitivity analysis is introduced to improve the multi‐objective portfolio model with fuzzy VaR (SA‐VaR‐FMOPSM). Compared with the existing fuzzy VaR multi‐objective portfolio model (VaR‐FMOPSM), the calculation formulas of expected and VaR value of parabolic fuzzy variable are derived when stock yields are set as a more generalized parabolic fuzzy variable as well as the sensitivity of the total objective to the VaR‐FMOPSM model is defined. Meanwhile, based on the fuzzy simulation technique, the model adapted to a series of different distributed fuzzy variable, an improved particle swarm optimization algorithm (IPSO) is used for numerical simulations. To illustrate the proposed model, New York Stock Exchange and National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations‐Global Select Market (NASDAQ‐GS) stock data were selected for empirical testing, and to better reflect the true value of each stock for each day, we selected the ex‐right price data in the experiment, a comparison with the existing fuzzy VaR multi‐objective portfolio model (VaR‐FMOPSM) is performed. The results show that the fuzzy VaR multi‐objective portfolio model based on the sensitivity analysis method can effectively identify and quantitatively analyze the sensitivity of individual stocks to yield changes, i.e. that can identify which stock has more stable yields and that can calculate the degree of stability, then to obtain stable portfolio solutions. In addition, compared with the VaR‐FMOPSM model, our sensitivity‐based improved model with the IPSO algorithm also performs better than Genetic Algorithm and Simulate Anneal Algorithm (SA), it provides the same performance on this point. © 2019 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Surface hopping methods for nonadiabatic dynamics in extended systems
Authors: Wang Linjun , Qiu Jing , Bai Xin , Xu Jiabo 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe review describes recent method developments toward application of the trajectory surface hopping approach for nonadiabatic dynamics simulations of extended systems. Due to the ease of implementation and good balance between efficiency and reliability, surface hopping has become one of the most widely used mixed quantum‐classical methods for studying general charge and exciton dynamics. In extended systems (e.g., aggregates, polymers, surfaces, interfaces, and solids), however, surface hopping suffers from the difficulty to treat complex surface crossings in the adiabatic representation, and thus the relevant applications have been limited in the past years. The latest studies have allowed us to make a systematic classification of the surface crossings and identify their different influence mechanisms on the traditional surface hopping machinery, including problems related to the phase uncertainty correction of adiabatic states, the wave function propagation, the calculation of hopping probabilities, the velocity adjustment after surface hops, and the artificial long‐range population transfer amplified by decoherence corrections. Elegant solutions to each of these problems have enabled us to get fast time step convergence and size independence even for very large systems with different strengths of electron–phonon couplings. Thereby, the recent theoretical progresses have opened the door to simulate the real‐time and real‐space dynamics (e.g., charge separation, recombination, relaxation, and diffusion) in realistic extended systems, and will generate comprehensive understanding to promote the development of many research fields in chemistry, physics, biology, and material sciences in the near future.This article is categorized under:

Structure and Mechanism > Computational Materials Science
Theoretical and Physical Chemistry > Reaction Dynamics and Kinetics
Theoretical and Physical Chemistry > Statistical Mechanics
Molecular and Statistical Mechanics > Molecular Dynamics and Monte‐Carlo Methods
Discovering the influence of sarcasm in social media responses
Authors: Peng Wei , Adikari Achini , Alahakoon Damminda , Gero John 
Published: July 2019

AbstractSarcasm in verbal and nonverbal communication is known to attract higher attention and create deeper influence than other negative responses. Many people are adept at including sarcasm in written communication thus sarcastic comments have the potential to stimulate the virality of social media content. Although diverse computational approaches have been used to detect sarcasm in social media, the use of text mining to explore the influential role of sarcasm in spreading negative content is limited. Using tweets during a service disruption of a leading Australian organization as a case study, we explore this phenomenon using a text mining framework with a combination of statistical modeling and natural language processing (NLP) techniques. Our work targets two main outcomes: the quantification of the influence of sarcasm and the exploration of the change in topical relationships in the conversations over time. We found that sarcastic expressions during the service disruption are higher than on regular days and negative sarcastic tweets attract significantly higher social media responses when compared to literal negative expressions. The content analysis showed that consumers initially complaining sarcastically about the outage tended to eventually widen the negative sarcasm in a cascading effect towards the organization's internal issues and strategies. Organizations could utilize such insights to enable proactive decision‐making during crisis situations. Moreover, detailed exploration of these impacts would elevate the current text mining applications, to better understand the impact of sarcasm by stakeholders expressed in a social media environment, which can significantly affect the reputation and goodwill of an organization.This article is categorized under:
Technologies > Data Preprocessing
Ensemble Methods > Text Mining
Application Areas > Industry Specific Applications
Fundamental Concepts of Data and Knowledge > Big Data Mining
An Introduction to Crisis Reporting: Setting Out
Authors: Kotišová Johana 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe author delimits the research problem and questions. Based on the literature review of existing research on emotions and media, she argues that within media and journalism studies, the emotional aspects of crisis reporting are persistently under-researched and under-theorized. The vast majority of research on the media in crises focuses on the coverage of crisis situations. Those studies that address journalists’ practices and professionalism mention emotions only in the margins. Kotišová argues that what thus needs to be addressed is the meaning of “crisis” in “crisis reporting,” crisis reporters’ emotional experience, and the role of newsmaking technology in shaping of the experience. The fictional story in this chapter is located at an airport. The readers get acquainted with the main character James, a fictional journalist.
Defining a Crisis: Boarding
Authors: Kotišová Johana 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe chapter addresses the first research question: What does “crisis” in “crisis reporting” mean? Based on the data, the author argues that for journalists, crisis is defined by its polyphony and multi-level scope. Crisis is both an inside-the-media situation and an outside-the-media major negative event, defined by the suffering of individuals. Crisis is both short-term and continuous, both real and media-constructed. As a result, crisis is a ubiquitous, all-encompassing phenomenon, an environment for life; the journalists live inside the crisis, rather than with it or next to it. This also means that crisis reporters simply cannot be mere observers and non-actors. The fictional plot of the chapter observes James queuing, entering the airplane, and meeting other fictional characters.
Emotions, Technology, and Crisis Reconsidered: Ending
Authors: Kotišová Johana 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe concluding chapter summarizes the empirical findings and discusses how the findings shed new light on the concepts of technology, crisis, and emotions. Importantly, the author extends the meaning of “crisis” in “crisis reporting” to the ideological cynicism permeating media organizations and journalists’ practices. The author also suggests practical implications of the findings and identifies ways on how individual journalists, media organizations, and global NGOs can critically reappraise journalists’ professional ideology in order to tackle the ideological cynicism. In particular, the author highlights the potential of narrative journalism. The fictional part of the narrative ends with James’ role model giving him a helping hand, thus stressing the importance of assistance from more senior reporters.
Phase 1 study of the MDM2 inhibitor AMG 232 in patients with advanced P53 wild-type solid tumors or multiple myeloma
Authors: Gluck W. Larry , Gounder Mrinal M. , Frank Richard , Eskens Ferry , Blay Jean Yves , Cassier Philippe A. , Soria Jean-Charles , Chawla Sant , de Weger Vincent , Wagner Andrew J. , Siegel David , De Vos Filip , Rasmussen Erik , Henary Haby A. 
Published: July 2019

SummaryBackground This open-label, first-in-human, phase 1 study evaluated AMG 232, an oral selective MDM2 inhibitor in patients with TP53 wild-type (P53WT), advanced solid tumors or multiple myeloma (MM). Methods In the dose escalation (n = 39), patients with P53WT refractory solid tumors enrolled to receive once-daily AMG 232 (15, 30, 60, 120, 240, 480, and 960 mg) for seven days every 3 weeks (Q3W). In the dose expansion (n = 68), patients with MDM2-amplified (well-differentiated and de-differentiated liposarcomas [WDLPS and DDLPS], glioblastoma multiforme [GBM], or other solid tumors [OST]), MDM2-overexpressing ER+ breast cancer (BC), or MM received AMG 232 at the maximum tolerated dose (MTD). Safety, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and efficacy were assessed. Results AMG 232 had acceptable safety up to up to 240 mg. Three patients had dose-limiting toxicities of thrombocytopenia (n = 2) and neutropenia (n = 1). Due to these and other delayed cytopenias, AMG 232 240 mg Q3W was determined as the highest tolerable dose assessed in the dose expansion. Adverse events were typically mild/moderate and included diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, fatigue, decreased appetite, and anemia. AMG 232 plasma concentrations increased dose proportionally. Increases in serum macrophage inhibitor cytokine-1 from baseline were generally dose dependent, indicating p53 pathway activation. Per local review, there were no responses. Stable disease (durability in months) was observed in patients with WDLPS (3.9), OST (3.3), DDLPS (2.0), GBM (1.8), and BC (1.4–2.0). Conclusions In patients with P53WT advanced solid tumors or MM, AMG 232 showed acceptable safety and dose-proportional pharmacokinetics, and stable disease was observed.
The Civil Law, the Common Law, and the English Language – Challenges and Opportunities in Asia
Authors: BELL Gary F 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis article addresses three questions. First, what is the effect on the civil law in Asia of young (and old) academics adopting English, the language of the common law, as a second language – rather than a civil law language, either a Continental European language (French, German etc), or another Asian civil law language (Japanese, Chinese etc)? Second, what is the effect on the civil law of civil law jurists pursuing their graduate studies not only in English but also in common law jurisdictions, rather than in civil law jurisdictions and returning home to become academics or practicing lawyers in civil law jurisdictions? Finally, since English is the lingua franca of civil law jurists in Asia, how can we adapt English to the civil law so as to make English one of our civil law languages?