bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High-resolution water-saturation prediction using geostatistical inversion and neural network methods
Authors: Mohamed Islam A. , Hemdan Mahmoud , Hosny Ahmed , Rashidy Mohamed 
Published: January 2019

One of the main challenges that we face is the accurate prediction of pore-fluid properties with the highest possible resolution. The seismic resolution is the most limiting factor, especially in our case, in which the main reservoirs are deepwater turbidite channels and their thin beds typically fall below the seismic tuning thickness. Therefore, we designed a new workﬂow that combines the geostatistical inversion and the neural network analysis with the aim of predicting a 3D high-resolution water saturation (sampled every 1 ms), overcoming the limitation of seismic detectability and providing better reservoir characterization. The power of the geostatistical inversion is that it provides multiple model realizations, and each realization honors the well data (statistical information and logs) and the seismic data. These realizations are more reliable and high-resolution versions of the elastic parameters. On the other hand, the main advantage of the neural network is that it establishes a stable nonlinear link between the input seismic and inversion results and the target water saturation. The available data set for this study includes three angle stacks and seven wells from Scarab field, offshore Nile Delta. The resulted high-resolution saturation volume was tested using blind-well analysis and revisit post the drilling of a new well later on. It gave spectacular results in both cases. The normalized correlations between the predicted saturation volume and the real saturation logs are 0.87 and 0.89, respectively. The results prove the validity of the workflow to accurately predict water saturation with a higher resolution than ever before.
Comparing Glioblastoma Surgery Decisions Between Teams Using Brain Maps of Tumor Locations, Biopsies, and Resections
Authors: Müller Domenique M.J. , Robe Pierre A.J.T. , Eijgelaar Roelant S. , Witte Marnix G. , Visser Martin , de Munck Jan C. , Broekman Marieke L.D. , Seute Tatjana , Hendrikse Jeroen , Noske David P. , Vandertop William P. , Barkhof Frederik , Kouwenhoven Mathilde C.M. , Mandonnet Emmanuel , Berger Mitchel S. , De Witt Hamer Philip C. 
Published: January 2019

Purpose The aim of glioblastoma surgery is to maximize the extent of resection while preserving functional integrity, which depends on the location within the brain. A standard to compare these decisions is lacking. We present a volumetric voxel-wise method for direct comparison between two multidisciplinary teams of glioblastoma surgery decisions throughout the brain. Methods Adults undergoing first-time glioblastoma surgery from 2012 to 2013 performed by two neuro-oncologic teams were included. Patients had had a diagnostic biopsy or resection. Preoperative tumors and postoperative residues were segmented on magnetic resonance imaging in three dimensions and registered to standard brain space. Voxel-wise probability maps of tumor location, biopsy, and resection were constructed for each team to compare patient referral bias, indication variation, and treatment variation. To evaluate the quality of care, subgroups of differentially resected brain regions were analyzed for survival and functional outcome. Results One team included 101 patients, and the other included 174; 91 tumors were biopsied, and 181 were resected. Patient characteristics were largely comparable between teams. Distributions of tumor locations were dissimilar, suggesting referral bias. Distributions of biopsies were similar, suggesting absence of indication variation. Differentially resected regions were identified in the anterior limb of the right internal capsule and the right caudate nucleus, indicating treatment variation. Patients with (n = 12) and without (n = 6) surgical removal in these regions had similar overall survival and similar permanent neurologic deficits. Conclusion Probability maps of tumor location, biopsy, and resection provide additional information that can inform surgical decision making across multidisciplinary teams for patients with glioblastoma.
Cancer Control at the District Hospital Level in Sub-Saharan Africa: An Educational and Resource Needs Assessment of General Practitioners
Authors: Martin Allison N. , Kaneza Kelly-Mariella , Kulkarni Amol , Mugenzi Pacifique , Ghebre Rahel , Ntirushwa David , Ilbawi André M. , Pace Lydia E. , Costas-Chavarri Ainhoa 
Published: January 2019

PURPOSE The WHO framework for early cancer diagnosis highlights the need to improve health care capacity among primary care providers. In Rwanda, general practitioners (GPs) at district hospitals (DHs) play key roles in diagnosing, initiating management, and referring suspected patients with cancer. We sought to ascertain educational and resource needs of GPs to provide a blueprint that can inform future early cancer diagnosis capacity–building efforts. METHODS We administered a cross-sectional survey study to GPs practicing in 42 Rwandan DHs to assess gaps in cancer-focused knowledge, skills, and resources, as well as delays in the referral process. Responses were aggregated and descriptive analysis was performed to identify trends. RESULTS Survey response rate was 76% (73 of 96 GPs). Most responders were 25 to 29 years of age (n = 64 [88%]) and 100% had been practicing between 3 and 12 months. Significant gaps in cancer knowledge and physical exam skills were identified—88% of respondents were comfortable performing breast exams, but less than 10 (15%) GPs reported confidence in performing pelvic exams. The main educational resource requested by responders (n = 59 [81%]) was algorithms to guide clinical decision-making. Gaps in resource availability were identified, with only 39% of responders reporting breast ultrasound availability and 5.8% reporting core needle biopsy availability in DHs. Radiology and pathology resources were limited, with 52 (71%) reporting no availability of pathology services at the DH level. CONCLUSION The current study reveals significant basic oncologic educational and resource gaps in Rwanda, such as physical examination skills and diagnostic tools. Capacity building for GPs in low- and middle-income countries should be a core component of national cancer control plans to improve accurate and timely diagnosis of cancer. Continuing professional development activities should address and focus on context-specific educational gaps, resource availability, and referral practice guidelines.
Revisiting Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) Amplification as a Target for Anti-EGFR Therapy: Analysis of Cell-Free Circulating Tumor DNA in Patients With Advanced Malignancies
Authors: Kato Shumei , Okamura Ryosuke , Mareboina Manvita , Lee Suzanna , Goodman Aaron , Patel Sandip P. , Fanta Paul T. , Schwab Richard B. , Vu Peter , Raymond Victoria M. , Lanman Richard B. , Sicklick Jason K. , Lippman Scott M. , Kurzrock Razelle 
Published: January 2019

Purpose To date, evidence for tissue epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) overexpression as a biomarker for anti-EGFR therapies has been weak. We investigated the genomic landscape of EGFR amplification in blood-derived cell-free tumor DNA (cfDNA) across diverse cancers and the role of anti-EGFR therapies in achieving response. Methods We assessed EGFR amplification status among 28,584 patients with malignancies evaluated by clinical-grade next-generation sequencing (NGS) of blood-derived cfDNA (54- to 73-gene panel). Furthermore, we curated the clinical characteristics of 1,434 patients at the University of California San Diego who had cfDNA testing by this NGS test. Results Overall, EGFR amplification was detected in cfDNA from 8.5% of patients (2,423 of 28,584), most commonly in colorectal (16.3% [458 of 2,807]), non–small-cell lung (9.0% [1,096 of 12,197]), and genitourinary cancers (8.1% [170 of 2,104]). Most patients had genomic coalterations (96.9% [95 of 98]), frequently involving genes affecting other tyrosine kinases (72.4% [71 of 98]), mitogen-activated protein kinase cascades (56.1% [55 of 98]), cell-cycle–associated signals (52.0% [51 of 98]), and the phosphoinositide 3-kinase pathway (35.7% [35 of 98]). EGFR amplification emerged in serial cfDNA after various anticancer therapies (n = 6), including checkpoint inhibitors (n = 4), suggesting a possible role for these amplifications in acquired resistance. Nine evaluable patients with EGFR amplification were treated with anti-EGFR–based regimens; five (55.6%) achieved partial responses, including three patients whose tissue NGS lacked EGFR amplification. Conclusion EGFR amplification was detected in cfDNA among 8.5% of 28,584 diverse cancers. Most patients had coexisting alterations. Responses were observed in five of nine patients who received EGFR inhibitors. Incorporating EGFR inhibitors into the treatment regimens of patients harboring EGFR amplification in cfDNA merits additional study.
Synthesis of C-4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenylcalix[4]resorcinarene and Its Application as Adsorbent for Lead(II), Copper(II) and Chromium(III)
Authors: Jumina  , Siswanta Dwi , Nofiati Kira , Imawan Arif Cahyo , Priastomo Yoga , Ohto Keisuke 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
This study aims to synthesize C-4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenylcalix[4]resorcinarene and investigate the kinetics of its application as an adsorbent for lead(II), copper(II) and chromium(III) ions. The interaction between this adsorbent and these metal ions was also studied. In this work, C-4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenylcalix[4]resocinarene was synthesized from vanillin and resorcinol as a light red solid in 84% yield, and its ability to adsorb the metal ions was conducted in a batch system. The kinetics and interaction of the adsorbent with these metal ions were analyzed by FAAS spectrometry and FT-IR respectively. The optimum pH values of this adsorbent to adsorb Pb(II), Cu(II) and Cr(III) ions were determined to be 5.48, 5.70 and 4.50 respectively. The adsorption rate order of these metal ions onto adsorbent was found to be Pb(II) &gt; Cu(II) &gt; Cr(III). The competitive adsorption of these heavy metal ions was also investigated. FT-IR spectra showed the presence of interaction between Pb(II) and the adsorbent, but no such interaction was observed between the adsorbent and Cr(III) or Cu(II). Further studies based on the 1H NMR and UV spectra of the free and metal ion loaded adsorbents confirmed the presence of interaction between the adsorbent and all metal cations.
The Capacitor Properties of KOH Activated Porous Carbon Beads Derived from Polyacrylonitrile
Authors: Tenmyo Hiroshi , Sugihara Ryosuke , Ohta Atsushi , Uematsu Taro , Tsuda Tetsuya , Maruyama Jun , Iwasaki Satoshi , Uyama Hiroshi , Kuwabata Susumu 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-derived carbon beads with uniform size and high surface area were successfully prepared by the carbonization of PAN and activation by KOH. Physicochemical analysis revealed that the PAN-derived carbon beads activated by KOH possessed larger pore volume and pore width than the same types of carbon beads activated by CO2 and commercially available activated carbon powder. Even if the PAN-derived carbon beads were made into an electrode without any conducting supplements, the electrode possessed a higher specific capacitance than an electrode composed of commercially available activated carbon in the presence of conducting acetylene black powders. Origins of such desirable properties as carbon materials used for electric double layer capacitors were investigated by AC impedance measurements in both aqueous and non-aqueous electrolyte solutions.
A Platinum Functional Porphyrin Conjugate: An Excellent Cancer Killer for Photodynamic Therapy
Authors: Hu Xiaojun , Ogawa Kazuma , Li Siqiaozhi , Kiwada Tatsuto , Odani Akira 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
A novel tetracationic porphyrin-platinum(II) conjugate was synthesized and characterized. This complex, 4Pt(dach)ClTPyP, showed reasonable water solubility, lack of aggregation, and high singlet oxygen quantum yield. It also exhibited low dark cytotoxicity and excellent photocytotoxicity (Colon26: 0.17 µM; Sarcoma180: 0.25 µM). The mechanisms of cell death have been investigated and are attributed to high singlet oxygen generation, internalization into nucleus, and a caspase-3 induced apoptosis pathway. In the in vivo photodynamic therapy (PDT) assay, 4Pt(dach)ClTPyP completely killed tumor tissue, not simply displaying inhibition of tumor growth, and no recurrence was seen 18 days later after a single administration. All these findings of 4Pt(dach)ClTPyP shed light on a potential clinical use for cancer PDT in the future.
A randomized open label trial of tamoxifen combined with amphotericin B and fluconazole for cryptococcal meningitis.
Authors: Ngan Nguyen Thi Thuy , Mai Nguyen Thi Hoang , Tung Nguyen Le Nhu , Lan Nguyen Phu Huong , Tai Luong Thi Hue , Phu Nguyen Hoan , Chau Nguyen Van Vinh , Binh Tran Quang , Hung Le Quoc , Beardsley Justin , White Nicholas , Lalloo David , Krysan Damian , Hope William , Geskus Ronald , Wolbers Marcel , Le Thanh Hoang Nhat , Thwaites Guy , Kestelyn Evelyne , Day Jeremy 
Published: January 2019

Background: Cryptococcal meningitis is a leading cause of death in HIV-infected patients. International treatment guidelines recommend induction therapy with amphotericin B and flucytosine. This antifungal combination is most effective, but unfortunately flucytosine is expensive and unavailable where the burden of disease is greatest. Where unavailable, guidelines recommend treatment with amphotericin and fluconazole, but this is less effective, with mortality rates of 40-50%. Faster rates of clearance of yeast from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are associated with better outcomes - improving the potency of antifungal therapy is likely to be an effective strategy to improve survival. Tamoxifen, a selective estrogen receptor modulator used to treat breast cancer, has anti-cryptococcal activity, appearing synergistic when combinedin vitrowith amphotericin, and fungicidal when combined with fluconazole. It is concentrated in the brain and macrophages, off-patent, cheap and widely available. We designed a randomized trial to deliver initial efficacy and safety data for tamoxifen combined with amphotericin and fluconazole.Method: A phase II, open-label, randomized (1:1) controlled trial of tamoxifen (300mg/day) combined with amphotericin (1mg/kg/day) and fluconazole (800mg/day) for the first 2 weeks therapy for HIV infected or uninfected adults with cryptococcal meningitis. The study recruits at Cho Ray Hospital and the Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. The primary end point is Early Fungicidal Activity (EFA-the rate of yeast clearance from CSF), over the first two weeks of treatment. 50 patients will be recruited providing ≈80% and 90% power to detect a difference in the EFA of -0.11 or -0.13 log10CFU/ml/day, respectively.Discussion:The results of the study will inform the decision to proceed to a larger trial powered to mortality. The size of effect detectable has previously been associated with reduced mortality from this devastating disease. Particular side effects of interest include QT prolongation.Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.govNCT03112031(11/04/2017)
Instrumentos para la promoción de la participación de la mujer en la ciencia: los premios L’Oréal-UNESCO en Argentina
Authors: Sarthou Nerina Fernanda 
Published: January 2019

En las últimas dos décadas aumentaron, significativamente, la cantidad y la diversidad de instrumentos de política implementados en el ámbito de la ciencia, la tecnología y la innovación tanto en América Latina, como en Argentina. En este contexto, aunque se han creado nuevas iniciativas para la promoción de la participación de las mujeres en dicho ámbito, estas han sido pobremente incorporadas a los inventarios y diagnósticos en el área. Este trabajo analiza un tipo de instrumento específico: los premios destinados, exclusivamente, a la mujer en la ciencia, en este caso, el Premio L’Oréal-Unesco en Argentina. El enfoque se centra en tres aspectos principales desde el punto de vista tanto de la investigación, como de la formulación de políticas: las motivaciones de las premiadas para participar, los efectos que estas identifican, luego de ser distinguidas, y su opinión sobre la participación de la mujer en la ciencia en relación con los objetivos del premio. El estudio se sustenta en evidencia cualitativa mediante la combinación del análisis de documentos oficiales de los organismos patrocinadores y de la realización de entrevistas en profundidad a las ganadoras de los premios y distinciones.
Participación uruguaya en el Consejo de Seguridad de la ONU en el bienio 2016-2017 | Uruguayan participation at the UN Security Council in 2016-2017 biennium
Authors: De María Oscar 
Published: January 2019

La presente contribución es un breve racconto analítico de la agenda tratada por Uruguay durante el bienio 2016-2017 período en que ocupara el asiendo rotativo en el Consejo de Seguridad de la ONU. Identifica los principales desafíos que el país enfrentó en materia de política exterior, así como también muestra los diferentes temas que permearon la agenda.ABSTRACTThe present contribution is a brief analytical account of the agenda dealt by Uruguay during the 2016-2017 biennium, when the country occupied the rotating seat in the UN Security Council. It identifies the main challenges the country faced in terms of foreign policy, as well as showing the different issues that permeated the agenda.Palabras clave: Uruguay. Consejo de Seguridad de la ONU. Política Exterior.Keywords: Uruguay. UN Security Council. Foreign Policy.Recebido em: 9 de Outubro de 2018 | Received on: Octubre 9, 2018DOI
Immediate natural tooth bridges
Authors: Greer Anna C , Husain Juzaily , Martin Nicolas 
Published: January 2019

Abstract: This article describes four cases in which immediate natural tooth bridges have been provided. Four different techniques are described for creating these. The four different retainer types discussed are silanated glass fibres impregnated with PMMA and bis-GMA, laboratory-made metal wings, metal mesh and mesh-type titanium wire. With the support of photographs and diagrams, the techniques for each retainer type are described. The final section of this article discusses the factors that affect the prognosis of immediate natural tooth bridges. Providing information on prognosis is an important part of the consent process; this includes patient factors and clinician factors. CPD/Clinical Relevance: This article details four different techniques for creating immediate natural tooth bridges. It also discusses the important factors to consider for the prognosis of immediate natural tooth bridges.
Head and neck skin cancers and where to find them − A quality improvement project
Authors: Shah Neil V , Ashworth Daniel , Moran Nick , Holmes Anjani 
Published: January 2019

Abstract: This article is a summary of a three-stage quality improvement project aimed to raise awareness and provide basic knowledge for the early identification and appropriate referral of suspicious skin lesions. The results of this project may indicate that not enough attention is given to these lesions in undergraduate teaching, thus indicating the requirement for change. This article aims to raise awareness of the increasing prevalence of skin cancers whilst providing information of the basic signs, symptoms and clinical features for clinicians to look out for during their examination and consultation. CPD/Clinical Relevance: Dental surgeons are in a prime position to aid in the identification and referral of suspicious skin lesions due to exposure to the head and neck area on a regular basis.
Habitat 2067
Authors: Kenney Martha , Lansdowne Tristram 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Drawing from a questionnaire circulated amongst the authors of this thematic issue about how we want to live in 50 years, ‘Habitat 2067’ considers the politics of designing an ideal future community for ourselves. Working with and against 1960s utopianism, we consider the (im)possibility of using design to answer social and political questions. We use speculative fiction to explore how desires, fears, and anxieties about aging shape our vision of the future. We have included an image with artwork by Tristram Lansdowne that can be folded into a polyhedron, so that the reader is able to assemble their own Habitat 2067.
Ancient Sunlight: An Interview with Elizabeth A. Povinelli
Authors: Benivolski Xenia , Povinelli Elizabeth 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Elizabeth A. Povinelli is an anthropologist, queer theorist, and filmmaker, whose ground-clearing work has developed a critical theory of late liberalism that would support what she calls ‘an anthropology of the otherwise.’ In her most recent monograph, Geontologies: A Requiem to Late Liberalism, she probes the politics that undergird the distinction between Life and Nonlife, tracking its pernicious vocation both within contemporary regimes of power and within the critical languages that infuse the contemporary theoretical scene. In this interview, Povinelli speaks about geontopower; the spatio-temporalities of dust, smoke, and smog; and the breath of the geological.
INTERNALISASI PEMIKIRAN KH. MUHAMMAD SHOLEH DARAT DI KOMUNITAS PECINTANYA: Perspektif Sosiologi Pengetahuan
Authors: Aziz Akhmad Luthfi 
Published: January 2019

KH. Muhammad Sholeh Darat al-Samarani is one of the great Ulama in Nusantara in the 19th century. He studied from the pesantren to the pesantren even to study in the Holy Land, Macca, then returned to Java to spread his knowledge in Darat, Semarang, Central Java. Years later, there was a community that elaborated and tried to construct and spread of KH. Muhammad Sholeh Darat al-Samarani’s works and thoughts. In this paper, using the sociological theory of knowledge of Peter L. Berger, the process of internalizing the thoughts of KH. Muhammad Sholeh Darat al-Samarani in the Kiai Sholeh Darat Community (Komunitas Pecinta Kiai Sholeh Darat, KOPISODA) will be discussed. Finally, it can be stated that there is an internalization process in understanding, applying, and living of KH. Muhammad Sholeh Darat al-Samarani’s thoughts in the community.
Reconstructing Accounting Research: Beyond Theory without Data and Data without Theory
Authors: Saito Shizuki 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Although we have been incessantly trying to construct accounting studies as a proper academic subject over half a century, neither what we have attained is great nor the road ahead easy. Nonetheless we have no choice but to pursue the way of positive (not necessarily empirical) scientific research with productive feedback between theoretical and empirical analyses, going beyond theory without data and data without theory.
It is crucially important to grasp rationally the self-development of accounting rules as a spontaneous order without any preconceived rigid understanding of rationality, and accordingly we must first build a consistent conceptual framework in consonance with accounting norms and phenomena as the vital analytical tool for the development of accounting research based on solid foundation.
Néron models of jacobians over base schemes of dimension greater than 1
Authors: Holmes David 
Published: January 2019

AbstractWe investigate to what extent the theory of Néron models of jacobians and of abel–jacobi maps extends to relative curves over base schemes of dimension greater than 1. We give a necessary and sufficient criterion for the existence of a Néron model. We use this to show that, in general, Néron models do not exist even after making a modification or even alteration of the base. On the other hand, we show that Néron modelsdoexist outside some codimension-2 locus.