bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Soil carbon in the world’s tidal marshes
Authors: Maxwell Tania L. , Spalding Mark D. , Friess Daniel A. , Murray Nicholas J. , Rogers Kerrylee , Rovai Andre S. , Smart Lindsey S. , Weilguny Lukas , Adame Maria Fernanda , Adams Janine B. , Austin William E. N. , Copertino Margareth S. , Cott Grace M. , Duarte de Paula Costa Micheli , Holmquist James R. , Ladd Cai J. T. , Lovelock Catherine E. , Ludwig Marvin , Moritsch Monica M. , Navarro Alejandro , Raw Jacqueline L. , Ruiz-Fernández Ana-Carolina , Serrano Oscar , Smeaton Craig , Van de Broek Marijn , Windham-Myers Lisamarie , Landis Emily , Worthington Thomas A. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractTidal marshes are threatened coastal ecosystems known for their capacity to store large amounts of carbon in their water-logged soils. Accurate quantification and mapping of global tidal marshes soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks is of considerable value to conservation efforts. Here, we used training data from 3710 unique locations, landscape-level environmental drivers and a global tidal marsh extent map to produce a global, spatially explicit map of SOC storage in tidal marshes at 30 m resolution. Here we show the total global SOC stock to 1 m to be 1.44 Pg C, with a third of this value stored in the United States of America. On average, SOC in tidal marshes’ 0–30 and 30–100 cm soil layers are estimated at 83.1 Mg C ha−1 (average predicted error 44.8 Mg C ha−1) and 185.3 Mg C ha−1 (average predicted error 105.7 Mg C ha−1), respectively.
Spin transport of a doped Mott insulator in moiré heterostructures
Authors: Regan Emma C. , Lu Zheyu , Wang Danqing , Zhang Yang , Devakul Trithep , Nie Jacob H. , Zhang Zuocheng , Zhao Wenyu , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Tongay Sefaattin , Zettl Alex , Fu Liang , Wang Feng 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMoiré superlattices of semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenide heterobilayers are model systems for investigating strongly correlated electronic phenomena. Specifically, WSe2/WS2 moiré superlattices have emerged as a quantum simulator for the two-dimensional extended Hubbard model. Experimental studies of charge transport have revealed correlated Mott insulator and generalized Wigner crystal states, but spin transport of the moiré heterostructure has not yet been sufficiently explored. Here, we use spatially and temporally resolved circular dichroism spectroscopy to directly image the spin transport as a function of carrier doping and temperature in WSe2/WS2 moiré heterostructures. We observe diffusive spin transport at all hole concentrations at 11 Kelvin — including the Mott insulator at one hole per moiré unit cell — where charge transport is strongly suppressed. At elevated temperatures the spin diffusion constant remains unchanged in the Mott insulator state, but it increases significantly at finite doping away from the Mott state. The doping- and temperature-dependent spin transport can be qualitatively understood using a t–J model, where spins can move via the hopping of spin-carrying charges and via the exchange interaction.
Quantitative determination of the spatial distribution of components in single cells with CellDetail
Authors: Schuster Tanja , Amoah Amanda , Vollmer Angelika , Marka Gina , Niemann Julian , Saçma Mehmet , Sakk Vadim , Soller Karin , Vogel Mona , Grigoryan Ani , Wlaschek Meinhard , Scharffetter-Kochanek Karin , Mulaw Medhanie , Geiger Hartmut 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe distribution of biomolecules within cells changes upon aging and diseases. To quantitatively determine the spatial distribution of components inside cells, we built the user-friendly open-source 3D-cell-image analysis platform Cell Detection and Analysis of Intensity Lounge (CellDetail). The algorithm within CellDetail is based on the concept of the dipole moment. CellDetail provides quantitative values for the distribution of the polarity proteins Cdc42 and Tubulin in young and aged hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Septin proteins form networks within cells that are critical for cell compartmentalization. We uncover a reduced level of organization of the Septin network within aged HSCs and within senescent human fibroblasts. Changes in the Septin network structure might therefore be a common feature of aging. The level of organization of the network of Septin proteins in aged HSCs can be restored to a youthful level by pharmacological attenuation of the activity of the small RhoGTPase Cdc42.
Dual therapy with corticosteroid ablates the beneficial effect of DP2 antagonism in chronic experimental asthma
Authors: Ullah Md Ashik , Rittchen Sonja , Li Jia , Curren Bodie F. , Namubiru Patricia , Ahmed Tufael , Howard Daniel R. , Rahman Muhammed Mahfuzur , Sikder Md Al Amin , Rashid Ridwan B. , Collinson Natasha , Lor Mary , Smythe Mark L. , Phipps Simon 
Published: November 2024

AbstractProstaglandin D2 (PGD2) signals via the DP1 and DP2 receptors. In Phase II trials, DP2 antagonism decreased airway inflammation and airway smooth muscle (ASM) area in moderate-to-severe asthma patients. However, in Phase III, DP2 antagonism failed to lower the rate of exacerbations, and DP2 as a target was shelved. Here, using a preclinical model of chronic experimental asthma, we demonstrate that rhinovirus-induced exacerbations increase PGD2 release, mucus production, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 and type-2 inflammation. DP2 antagonism or DP1 agonism ablates these phenotypes, increases epithelial EGF expression and decreases ASM area via increased IFN-γ. In contrast, dual DP1-DP2 antagonism or dual corticosteroid/DP2 antagonism, which attenuates endogenous PGD2, prevented ASM resolution. We demonstrate that DP2 antagonism resolves ASM remodelling via PGD2/DP1-mediated upregulation of IFN-γ expression, and that dual DP2 antagonism/corticosteroid therapy, as often occurred in the human trials, impairs the efficacy of DP2 antagonism by suppressing endogenous PGD2 and IFN-γ production.
Multiomics approaches disclose very-early molecular and cellular switches during insect-venom allergen-specific immunotherapy: an observational study
Authors: Pogorelov Dimitrii , Bode Sebastian Felix Nepomuk , He Xin , Ramiro-Garcia Javier , Hedin Fanny , Ammerlaan Wim , Konstantinou Maria , Capelle Christophe M. , Zeng Ni , Poli Aurélie , Domingues Olivia , Montamat Guillem , Hunewald Oliver , Ciré Séverine , Baron Alexandre , Longworth Joseph , Demczuk Agnieszka , Bazon Murilo Luiz , Casper Ingrid , Klimek Ludger , Neuberger-Castillo Lorie , Revets Dominique , Guyonnet Lea , Delhalle Sylvie , Zimmer Jacques , Benes Vladimir , Codreanu-Morel Françoise , Lehners-Weber Christiane , Weets Ilse , Alper Pinar , Brenner Dirk , Gutermuth Jan , Guerin Coralie , Morisset Martine , Hentges François , Schneider Reinhard , Shamji Mohamed H. , Betsou Fay , Wilmes Paul , Glaab Enrico , Cosma Antonio , Goncalves Jorge , Hefeng Feng Q. , Ollert Markus 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAllergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) induces immune tolerance, showing the highest success rate (>95%) for insect venom while a much lower chance for pollen allergy. However, the molecular switches leading to successful durable tolerance restoration remain elusive. The primary outcome of this observational study is the comprehensive immunological cellular characterization during the AIT initiation phase, whereas the secondary outcomes are the serological and Th2-cell-type-specific transcriptomic analyses. Here we apply a multilayer-omics approach to reveal dynamic peripheral immune landscapes during the AIT-initiation phase in venom allergy patients (VAP) versus pollen-allergic and healthy controls. Already at baseline, VAP exhibit altered abundances of several cell types, including classical monocytes (cMono), CD4+ hybrid type 1-type 17 cells (Th1-Th17 or Th1/17) and CD8+ counterparts (Tc1-Tc17 or Tc1/17). At 8-24 h following AIT launch in VAP, we identify a uniform AIT-elicited pulse of late-transitional/IL-10-producing B cells, IL-6 signaling within Th2 cells and non-inflammatory serum-IL-6 levels. Sequential induction of activation and survival protein markers also immediately occur. A disequilibrium between serum IL-6 and cMono in VAP baseline is restored at day seven following AIT launch. Our longitudinal analysis discovers molecular switches during initiation-phase insect-venom AIT that secure long-term outcomes. Trial number: NCT02931955.
Denoising-autoencoder-facilitated MEMS computational spectrometer with enhanced resolution on a silicon photonic chip
Authors: Zhou Jing , Zhang Hui , Qiao Qifeng , Chen Heng , Huang Qian , Wang Hanxing , Ren Qinghua , Wang Nan , Ma Yiming , Lee Chengkuo 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSilicon photonics enables the construction of chip-scale spectrometers, in which those using a single tunable interferometer provide a simple and cost-effective solution. Among various tuning mechanisms, electrostatic MEMS reconfiguration stands out as an ideal candidate, given its high tuning efficiency and ultra-low power consumption. Nonetheless, MEMS devices face significant noise challenges arising from their susceptible minuscule components, adversely impacting spectral resolution. Here, we propose a distinct paradigm of spectrometers through synergizing an easily-fabricated MEMS-reconfigurable low-loss waveguide coupler on a silicon photonic chip and a convolutional autoencoder denoising (CAED) mechanism. The spectrometer offers a 300 nm bandwidth and a reconstruction resolution of 0.3 nm in a noise-free condition. In a noisy environment with a signal-to-noise ratio as low as 30 dB, the reconstruction resolution of the interferograms processed by the CAED exhibits an enhancement from 1.2 to 0.4 nm, approaching the noise-free value. Our technology is envisaged to provide a powerful and cost-effective solution for applications requiring accurate, broadband, and energy-efficient spectral analysis.
miR-1, miR-133a, miR-29b and skeletal muscle fibrosis in chronic limb-threatening ischaemia
Authors: Keane Alan J. , Sanz-Nogués Clara , Jayasooriya Dulan , Creane Michael , Chen Xizhe , Lyons Caomhán J. , Sikri Isha , Goljanek-Whysall Katarzyna , O’Brien Timothy 
Published: November 2024

AbstractChronic limb-threatening ischaemia (CLTI), the most severe manifestation of peripheral arterial disease (PAD), is associated with a poor prognosis and high amputation rates. Despite novel therapeutic approaches being investigated, no significant clinical benefits have been observed yet. Understanding the molecular pathways of skeletal muscle dysfunction in CLTI is crucial for designing successful treatments. This study aimed to identify miRNAs dysregulated in muscle biopsies from PAD cohorts. Using MIcroRNA ENrichment TURned NETwork (MIENTURNET) on a publicly accessible RNA-sequencing dataset of PAD cohorts, we identified a list of miRNAs that were over-represented among the upregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in CLTI. Next, we validated the altered expression of these miRNAs and their targets in mice with hindlimb ischaemia (HLI). Our results showed a significant downregulation of miR-1, miR-133a, and miR-29b levels in the ischaemic limbs versus the contralateral non-ischaemic limb. A miRNA target protein-protein interaction network identified extracellular matrix components, including collagen-1a1, -3a1, and -4a1, fibronectin-1, fibrin-1, matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -14, and Sparc, which were upregulated in the ischaemic muscle of mice. This is the first study to identify miR-1, miR-133a, and miR-29b as potential contributors to fibrosis and vascular pathology in CLTI muscle, which supports their potential as novel therapeutic agents for this condition.
eEF2K as an important kinase associated with cancer survival and prognosis
Authors: Wang Nan , Cen Li-Lan , Tian Zhe , An Miao-Miao , Gu Qian , Zhou Xin-Hong , Zhang Yi-He , Liu Lucas , Zhang Jun , Yang Di , Huang Yong-Zhi , Long Xi-Dai , Yang Qian 
Published: November 2024

AbstractEukaryotic Elongation Factor 2 Kinase (eEF2K), a member of the α-kinase family, services as a crucial negative regulator of protein synthesis, particularly under conditions of cellular stress. A pan-cancer analysis of eEF2K expression, genetic variants, and clinical relevance across multiple tumor types was performed using data from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and GEO. Our findings suggest that eEF2K has dual roles in cancer progression, with its expression correlating with patient prognosis. Significant phosphorylation of eEF2 at T57, Y434, and T59 was observed, which may regulate protein synthesis during stress. The elevated T59 phosphorylation in COAD, despite the low eEF2K expression, indicates that this may be regulated by alternative kinases, such as AMPK or mTOR. This suggests that compensatory mechanisms may be involved. In addition to modulating eEF2 phosphorylation, eEF2K is involved in a number of other processes, including peptidyl-serine phosphorylation, the G2/M transition, and the MAPK cascade. The protein products of eEF2K are capable of localizing to the nucleus, cytoplasm, and cytosol, where they bind to a range of proteins, including ATP and calcium ions. These findings provide novel insights into the role of eEF2K in cancer biology and suggest that the targeting of eEF2K and eEF2 phosphorylation may offer promising therapeutic strategies.
Calculation of vessel pulse wave velocities in retinal vein segments within the optic disc centre
Authors: Vukmirovic A. , Morgan W. H. , Obreschkow D. , Abdul-Rahman A. , Yu D. Y. , Mehnert A. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) method is used clinically to determine degrees of stiffness and other indices of disease. It is believed PWV measurement in retinal vessels may allow early detection of diseases. In this paper we present a new non-invasive method for estimating PWVs in retinal vein segments close to the optic disc centre, based on the measurement of blood column pulsation in retinal veins (reflective of vessel wall pulsation), using modified photoplethysmography (PPG). An optic disc (OD) PPG video is acquired spanning three cardiac cycles for a fixed ophthalmodynamometric force. The green colour channel frames are extracted, cropped and aligned. A harmonic regression model is fitted to each pixel intensity time series along the vein centreline from the centre to the periphery of the OD. The phase of the first harmonic is plotted against centreline distance. A least squares line is fitted between the first local maximum phase and first local minimum phase and its slope used to compute PWV. Five left eye inferior hemi-retinal veins from five healthy subjects were analysed. Velocities were calculated for several induced intraocular pressures ranging from a mean baseline of 14 mmHg (SD 5) to 56 mmHg in steps of approximately 5 mmHg. The median PWV over all pressure steps and subjects was 20.77 mm/s (IQR 29.27). The experimental results show that pulse wave propagation direction was opposite to flow in this initial venous segment.
Longitudinal study of metacognition’s role in self-efficacy and hope development
Authors: Kleka Paweł , Brycz Hanna , Zięba Mariusz , Fanslau Agnieszka 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSelf-regulation is a critical component of adaptive functioning, and individual differences in traits like metacognitive self-awareness (MCS), general self-efficacy (GSE), and hope play significant roles in influencing this ability. Self-awareness of cognitive biases is particularly relevant as it may enhance one’s capacity to manage challenges and pursue goals effectively. Prior research suggests that higher levels of MCS are associated with improved self-regulation, greater self-efficacy, and stronger hope for success. This longitudinal study sought to explore the development of self-regulation across 3 years of college education, with a specific focus on the role of MCS in shaping the trajectories of GSE and hope. Over 400 undergraduates were assessed five times throughout this period. Growth curve and causal mediation analyses were employed to examine the extent to which MCS contributed to changes in GSE and hope. Our findings indicate that self-awareness of cognitive biases (MCS) significantly influences the development of self-efficacy. Participants with higher levels of MCS exhibited a slightly faster increase in coping skills than those with lower levels. Additionally, MCS moderated the development of hope: individuals with above-median MCS scores showed a faster increase in hope, whereas those with below-median scores experienced an irregular decrease. In conclusion, MCS serves as a valuable resource for developing self-efficacy and hope. However, the influence of real-life challenges on hope appears to depend on an individual’s metacognitive skills, with better outcomes observed among those with higher MCS.
Eco-friendly bupropion detection sensor with co-formulated dextromethorphan in AUVELITY tablet and spiked plasma
Authors: Algmaal Shrouk E. , Mahmoud Amr M. , Boltia Shereen A. , El-Saharty Yasser S. , Ghoniem Nermine S. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMolecularly Imprinted Polymers (MIPs) are synthetic materials designed to selectively recognize and bind to specific target molecules. The process of determining Bupropion (BUP) using MIPs involves preparing the MIP, extracting the target molecule, and conducting subsequent analysis. A bio-inspired MIP-based electrochemical sensor was developed to detect BUP, utilizing the specific binding of MIPs to Bupropion molecules, enabling precise and sensitive detection. The combination of molecular imprinting and electrochemistry in this approach allows for the development of a highly reliable and effective sensor specifically designed for BUP detection. In this method, copolymerization conditions were carefully optimized to ensure selectivity and sensitivity in detecting BUP. Different monomers, including o-phenylenediamine, 4-aminophenol, L-dopa, and 1,4-phenylenediamine, were explored, with the best interaction observed for L-dopa and 1,4-phenylenediamine. Consequently, their copolymer was implemented to create selective MIPs through a straightforward electropolymerization process on a disposable pencil graphite electrode (PGE) substrate for BUP detection. The functionality of the copolymer of L-dopa and 1,4-phenylenediamine as an electroactive copolymer in preparing electro-polymerized MIP films was investigated for the first time. This was demonstrated by constructing a novel electrochemical sensor for the selective recognition of BUP in different matrices. The interactions between L-dopa and 1,4-phenylenediamine, used as functional monomers, and the template were studied experimentally using UV spectroscopy. BUP was used as the template, and the copolymer was electrografted onto PGE. The constructed sensor was characterized using cyclic voltammetry (CV), and BUP binding to the MIP cavities was measured indirectly with differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) using a ferrocyanide/ferricyanide redox probe. A linear and repeatable response was displayed by the sensor across a range of 1.0 × 10⁻13 M to 1.0 × 10⁻11 M of BUP, with a limit of detection of 3.18 × 10⁻14 M. The sensor demonstrated robust selectivity for BUP over interfering drugs, such as dextromethorphan, in pharmaceutical dosage forms and spiked human plasma. The environmental impact of the proposed approach was evaluated using green analytical chemistry principles, including the Green Analytical Procedure Index (GAPI) and the Analytical GREEnness (AGREE) metric.
Effect of silver ion and silicate group on the antibacterial and antifungal properties of nanosized hydroxyapatite
Authors: Pinchuk Nataliia D. , Piecuch Agata , Charczuk Natalia , Sobierajska Paulina , Targonska Sara , Bezkrovnyi Oleksii , Ogórek Rafał , Wang Yadong , Wiglusz Rafal J. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractHydroxyapatite is one of the most widely used materials in biomedical applications in reparative and regenerative medicine. Doping of nanosized hydroxyapatite improves its bioactive properties, and thus, the synthesis of different types of nanohydroxyapatite with antimicrobial activity is a perspective route of modern materials science. In this study, undoped hydroxyapatite (HAp), hydroxyapatite doped with silver (HAp with 0.1, 0.5 and 1 mol% Ag+ ions), and silicate-substituted hydroxyapatite doped with silver (Si-HAp with 0.1, 0.5 and 1 mol% Ag+ ions) nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized by microwave-assisted hydrothermal technique and sintered at 450 °C. The structural properties and composition of obtained hydroxyapatite NPs were investigated using X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The morphology of synthesized nanosized powders was detected using the high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) technique. The results of XRPD for all synthesized nanosized powders confirmed the presence of hydroxyapatite crystal structure. The FT-IR spectra confirmed the presence of functional groups characteristic of the hydroxyapatite structure. The EDS analysis of obtained materials has shown the presence of Ca, P, O, Si, and Ag elements. Significant differences in size and morphology of the obtained particles were found using HRTEM. The particles have an elongated, rod-like shape with subtle differences. Moreover, HAp doped with 1 mol% Ag+ ions and Si-HAp doped with 1 mol% Ag+ ions nanosized powders showed antibacterial activity in comparison to pure hydroxyapatite both against gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial strains (Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis). These two types of hydroxyapatite NPs also demonstrated antifungal activity against reference strains of Candida albicans, Candida kruzei, and Candida tropicalis, with stronger activity observed for Si-HAp doped with silver.
Carob fruit extract as naturally products corrosion inhibitor for copper-nickel alloys in brine solutions
Authors: Fouda Abd El Aziz S. , Nageeb Mona , Gaber Ghalia A. , Ahmed Amal S. , El-Hossiany Ahmed A. , Atia Mohamed F. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractCopper-nickel alloys are the preferred material for desalination facilities and condensers and heat exchangers that use saltwater as a coolant. The eco-friendly compounds especially Carob fruit extract (CFE) has emerged as excessive green corrosion inhibitor for alloys. Cu-Ni alloys are widely used in various industries due to their excellent corrosion resistance. However, their performance can be compromised in aggressive environments like seawater (which is approximately 3.5% NaCl). To evaluate the corrosion behavior of these alloys and the effectiveness of corrosion inhibitors, researchers often employ weight loss, potentiodynamic polarization, and impedance spectroscopy techniques. The results showed that CFE exhibited a good ability to decrease the CR of alloys in 3.5% NaCl solution. The inhibition efficacy (IE) was reached to 92.6% and ̴ 83.2% at 300 ppm dose of CFE for Cu-10Ni alloy and Cu-30Ni alloy, respectively. The CR increases with temperature rising, but the addition of CFE reduces the CR, and the reduction depends on the dose of the extract. Adsorption of the extract gives a good fit to Langmuir, Temkin, and Freundlich isotherms model. The free adsorption energies of CFE on Cu-10Ni and Cu-30Ni alloys were 17.61 and 15.86 kJ mol−1, respectively, suggesting that CFE was weakly held to both alloys. The presence of a protective film on the alloys surface is confirmed by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy and atomic force microscope (AFM). The study suggests that utilizing affordable, natural substances as green corrosion inhibitors presents a new strategy for promoting both resource efficiency and environmental sustainability.