bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analisis Tingkat Keberlanjutan Pengelolaan Kawasan Konservasi Perairan Daerah Berbasis Masyarakat
Authors: Muharara Cindy Pricilla , Satria Arif 
Published: April 2018

The principles of sustainable development should be implemented in resource management, one of them by developing a Marine Protected Areas (MPA). This paper aims to analyze the sustainability level of community-based resource management in marine protected areas in Lembongan Village, Nusa Penida, Klungkung, Bali Province. The method used in this research is a quantitative approach with survey to 40 respondents and supported by qualitative data. Quantitative data analysis was performed using Multidimensional Scaling (MDS). The results of this research indicate that category from the sustainability level of community-based resource management in MPA of Nusa Penida is good, with stress score is 0.05100 or 5,1 percent, with RSQ is 0.98980 because of Awig-awig’s local wisdom.Keyword: community-based natural resource management (CBM), marine protected areas, sustainable resource management -----------------------ABSTRAKPrinsip-prinsip pembangunan berkelanjutan hendaknya diimplementasikan dalam pengelolaan sumber daya, salah satunya dengan mengembangkan Kawasan Konservasi Perairan (KKP). Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tingkat keberlanjutan dari pengelolaan sumber daya berbasis masyarakat di kawasan konservasi perairan daerah (KKPD) di Desa Lembongan, Nusa Penida, Kabupaten Klungkung, Provinsi Bali. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode survei terhadap 40 responden dan didukung oleh data kualitatif. Analisis data kuantitatif menggunakan Multidimensional Scaling (MDS). Hasil MDS menunjukkan bahwa tingkat keberlanjutan pengelolaan sumber daya alam di KKPD Nusa Penida termasuk dalam kategori baik, dengan nilai stress 0.05100 atau 5,1 persen, dengan RSQ sebesar 0.98980 karena ada kearifan lokal Awig-awig.Kata Kunci: kawasan konservasi perairan, pengelolaan sumber daya alam berbasis masyarakat (PSBM), pengelolaan sumber daya berkelanjutan
Minorías prósperas en la economía corsaria literaria
Authors: Gordon Michael 
Published: April 2018

Spanish literature written by captives or about captivity in North Africa distinguished itself from the majority of Spanish Golden Age works because of its positive portrayal of Jews. Not only were these literary representations benevolent, but they were also quite realistic. Like many of their historical counterparts, the literary Jews Brahín (Los cautivos de Argel) and David (Guzmán el Bravo) practiced their religion clandestinely in Spain before moving to the Maghreb, where they enjoyed greater freedoms and privileges, including the ability to legally own Christian slaves. Multiple seventeenth-century autobiographical accounts from Spanish captives in Algiers and Tunis can serve as historical templates to corroborate the precarious, yet simultaneously prosperous, situation of those two literary Jews. Finally, the similarities found in historical sources and these two North African works challenges the notion of Lope de Vega being unequivocally anti-Jewish.
L’attività archeologica italiana dell’ISMEO in Armenia
Authors: Castelluccia Manuel , Dan Roberto , La Farina Riccardo , Petrosyan Arthur , Raccidi Mattia 
Published: April 2018

This paper presents the results of the first 3 years of activity of the joint Italian-Armenian expedition between the Institute of Archaeology of the National Academy of Science (Armenia) and the ISMEO – Association of Mediterranean and Oriental Studies (Italy) in the Republic of Armenia. The Italian-Armenian project, named Kotayk Survey Project, aims to evaluate the archaeological landscape patterns of the territory of the Hrazdan river basin, which is located between two of the most important regions of Armenian highlands: the Araxes valley and the Lake Sevan basin. Along with a detailed surface survey, test excavations have been performed in a fortified site dated to the Middle Iron Age.
ANALYSIS OF TEACHER TALK IN ENGLISH CLASSES IN VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL TELADAN MEDAN
Authors: Rambe Yuni Ansari 
Published: April 2018

The objective of this study at describing the types of Teacher Talk, the effectiveness/ineffectiveness of Teacher Talk, and the aspect of Teacher Talk in classroom observation. This study used descriptive qualitative method is employed in this study which tries to describe all phenomena that occurred in the classroom This study involved an English teacher as research subject in his class. The subject of this study has implemented English talk as a means of communication in learning process of his classroom. The subject here is a female teacher who has been teaching English for one years and graduated from the university of Medan. This study was conducted in SMK Teladan located in Medan city. This study was done in twelfth grade. This class consists of 22 students with 11 are males and 11 are females. The main data was taken through observation technique. The data was collected by using recording and field notes. From analysis done, it was found that English teacher performed their interactional communicative features out of five in the classroom. The features are 1. Referential Questions 2. Content Feedback 3. Student initiated Talk. All communicative interactional features of teacher it happened in discussion activities, it could be concluded that the teacher performs their interactional communicative features in classroom interaction out of five. There features are: 1. Referential Questions 2. Content Feedback 3. Student initiated Talk.
SURFACE ACTIVITY OF ANTIMICROBIAL COMPOSITIONS WITH A POLYMER-CONTAINING INGREDIENT
Authors: Eveleva V. V. , Cherpalova Т. М. , Shipovskaya Е. А. 
Published: April 2018

Salad shelf life can be extended by treating fresh-cut vegetables and mayonnaise with antimicrobial solutions. The efficacy of such solutions depends on surface wettability of salad components. Effect of polyvinyl pyrrolidone forming part antimicrobial solutions on interfacial tension decrease is studied in the paper. Salts of lactic acid, acetic and propionic acids and “Polydon-A” form part of such solutions. “Polydon-A” polymer agent has the following physical-chemical characteristics: basic substance mass fraction (polyvinyl pirrolidone) is 12.0%, pH of 10% solution is 7.0, viscosity is 4016 mPa x s. The following properties are basic for antimicrobial compositions: active acidity is between 5.7 and 6.0 units, titratable acidity is between 37 and 47 deg., polyvinyl pirrolidone mass fraction is between 0.1% - 2.4%. Fixed regularities of how surface and interfacial tension of composition solutions change depending on the solution composition and concentration are given in the article. It was found the solutions surface activity increases when polyvinyl pirrolidone mass fraction in their composition decreases. At this, solutions with the minimum polyvinyl pirrolidone mass fraction have the lowest interfacial tension. The obtained results show surface components of salads demonstrate wetting effect and deep penetration of the offered microbial solutions into component pores. These characteristics provide the developed compositions with flexibility and promising future for their wide application in salad production.
İmâm Abdulhamîd el-Ferâhî ve “Nizâmu’l-Kur’ân ve Te’vîlu’l-Furkân Bi’l-Furkân” Adlı Tefsîrindeki Metodu
Authors: KOÇYİĞİT Hikmet 
Published: April 2018

İmâm Abdulhamîd el-Ferâhî el-Hindî (1280 h./1349 h.) Kur’ân ilimleri
ve Arapça konusunda seçkin olan âlimlerden biri kabul edilir. O, doğu’nun allâmesi
ve İslâm tarihçisi Şiblî Nu’mânî (ö.1332 h.)’nin dayısının oğludur.Allah kendisine rahmet eylesin, o, zihin keskinliği, fazilet
çokluğu, ilim genişliği, yumuşak huyluluk, sağlam görüşlülük, dünyaya karşı
zahid davranma ve Allah’ın rızasını istemeye rağbet etme konularında Allah’ın delillerinden
bir delildi.Ne yazık ki bu büyük şahsiyet, kitaplarının çokluğuna, değişik ilim
dalları ve sanatlardaki-özellikle Kur’ânî çalışmalardaki- kırkı aşkın
te’lifatına rağmen hâlâ İslâmî çevrelerde büyük ölçüde tanınmamaktadır. O, Kur’ân’ın
bir kısmının bir kısmını tefsir ettiği görüşündedir. Dolayısıyla, kıssalardan
ve müfessirlerin getirmiş oldukları değersiz ve garip şeylerden uzak durmuştur.
Tefsir alanındaki kitabını buna bağlı olarak te’lif etmiş ve “Nizâmu’l-Kur’ân ve
Te’vîlu’l-Furkân bi’l-Furkân” ismini vermiştir. Bildiğim kadarıyla, daha önce
kimsenin yapmadığı böyle bir çalışmada onu tanıtacağız. Allah başarıya
ulaştırandır.
'Pursued steadily, quietly, unfalteringly': The Work of Wild Bird Protectionists in Britain during World War One
Authors: Milton Frederick Stephen 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
This article assesses the conduct of bird conservationists, particularly Britain's premier wild bird conservation agency, the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds (RSPB), during World War One in Britain. Drawing on the journals and annual reports of the RSPB, newspaper articles and correspondence, the agricultural press and publications of the Board of Agriculture, this essay shows how the RSPB firstly used the war to its advantage as it campaigned against feathered millinery and then claimed to initiate a new branch of British manufacturing. However, as the article then shows, the pressures of war led to problems for wild birds, as an increasingly hungry populace targeted them; the public were discouraged from providing bird-food; and species regarded as vermin, especially sparrows, were targeted in the drive to maximise agricultural output. These issues led to parliamentary action, drew comment from newspapers and their readers and led to an increasingly fractious relationship between agricultural interests and conservationists. Significantly, as this essay demonstrates, the RSPB defied the Defence of the Realm Act and through its journal it denounced official government policy, a most unusual stance given that the Society's supporters were titled and influential persons. Environmental historians have recently taken a keen interest in the environmental consequences of warfare, with sharp focus upon the direct results of fighting and its aftermath. This article argues that the 'home front' and the impact of warfare on fauna should not be neglected.
New Constraints on the Abundance of 60Fe in the Early Solar System
Authors: Trappitsch Reto , Boehnke Patrick , Stephan Thomas , Telus Myriam , Savina Michael R. , Pardo Olivia , Davis Andrew M. , Dauphas Nicolas , Pellin Michael J. , Huss Gary R. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Establishing the abundance of the extinct radionuclide 60Fe (half-life 2.62 Ma) in the early solar system is important for understanding the astrophysical context of solar system formation. While bulk measurements of early solar system phases show a low abundance consistent with galactic background, some in situ measurements by secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) imply a higher abundance, which would require injection from a nearby supernova (SN). Here we present in situ nickel isotopic analyses by resonance ionization mass spectrometry (RIMS) in a chondrule from the primitive meteorite Semarkona (LL3.00). The same chondrule had been previously analyzed by SIMS. Despite improved precision compared to SIMS, the RIMS nickel isotopic data do not reveal any resolved excesses of 60Ni that could be unambiguously ascribed to in situ 60Fe decay. Linear regression of 60Ni/58Ni versus 56Fe/58Ni yields an initial 60Fe/56Fe ratio for this chondrule of (3.8 ± 6.9) × 10−8, which is consistent with both the low initial value found by bulk measurements and the low end of the range of initial ratios inferred from some in situ work. The same regression also gives a solar initial 60Ni/58Ni ratio, which shows that this sample was not disturbed by nickel mobilization, thus agreeing with a low initial 60Fe/56Fe ratio. These findings agree with a re-evaluation of previous SIMS measurements of the same sample. Supernova injection of 60Fe into the solar system or its parental cloud material is therefore not necessary to account for the measured solar system’s initial amount of 60Fe.
Two Types of Long-duration Quasi-static Evolution of Solar Filaments
Authors: Xing C. , Li H. C. , Jiang B. , Cheng X. , Ding M. D. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
In this Letter, we investigate the long-duration quasi-static evolution of 12 pre-eruptive filaments (four active region (AR) and eight quiescent filaments), mainly focusing on the evolution of the filament height in 3D and the decay index of the background magnetic field. The filament height in 3D is derived through two-perspective observations of Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) and Solar TErrestrial RElations Observatory (STEREO). The coronal magnetic field is reconstructed using the potential field source surface model. A new finding is that the filaments we studied show two types of long-duration evolution: one type comprises a long-duration static phase and a short, slow rise phase with a duration of less than 12 hr and a speed of 0.1–0.7 km s−1, while the other one only presents a slow rise phase but with an extremely long duration of more than 60 hr and a smaller speed of 0.01–0.2 km s−1. At the moment approaching the eruption, the decay index of the background magnetic field at the filament height is similar for both AR and quiescent filaments. The average value and upper limit are ∼0.9 and ∼1.4, close to the critical index of torus instability. Moreover, the filament height and background magnetic field strength are also found to be linearly and exponentially related with the filament length, respectively.
Revealing the Host Galaxy of a Quasar 2175 Å Dust Absorber at z = 2.12
Authors: Ma Jingzhe , Brammer Gabriel , Ge Jian , Prochaska J. Xavier , Lundgren Britt 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
We report the first detection of the host galaxy of a strong 2175 Å dust absorber at z = 2.12 toward the background quasar SDSS J121143.42+083349.7 using Hubble Space Telescope/Wide Field Camera 3 (HST/WFC3) IR F140W direct imaging and G141 grism spectroscopy. The spectroscopically confirmed host galaxy is located at a small impact parameter of ∼5.5 kpc (∼0.″65). The F140W image reveals a disk-like morphology with an effective radius of 2.24 ± 0.08 kpc. The extracted 1D spectrum is dominated by a continuum with weak emission lines ([O iii] and [O ii]). The [O iii]-based unobscured star formation rate (SFR) is 9.4 ± 2.6 M
⊙ yr−1, assuming an [O iii]/Hα ratio of 1. The moderate 4000 Å break (Dn(4000) index ∼1.3) and Balmer absorption lines indicate that the host galaxy contains an evolved stellar population with an estimated stellar mass M
* of (3–7) × 1010
M
⊙. The SFR and M
* of the host galaxy are comparable to, though slightly lower than, those of typical emission-selected galaxies at z ∼ 2. As inferred from our absorption analysis in Ma et al., the host galaxy is confirmed to be a chemically enriched, evolved, massive, and star-forming disk-like galaxy that is likely in the transition from a blue star-forming galaxy to a red quiescent galaxy.
La relation patient-médecin : une théorisation ancrée de l’expérience des effets secondaires des antirétroviraux
Authors: Dufour Caroline , Gagnon Marilou 
Published: April 2018

Les antirétroviraux provoquent une panoplie d’effets secondaires qui sont non négligeables puisqu’ils nuisent à la qualité de vie des personnes vivant avec le VIH (PVVIH). Une prise en charge efficace des effets secondaires est nécessaire pour maintenir la qualité de vie et l’adhésion au traitement. La relation patient-médecin joue un rôle important dans la prise en charge des effets secondaires et elle influence l’expérience des effets secondaires chez les PVVIH. Cette théorisation ancrée explore la relation patient-médecin dans le contexte des effets secondaires. Cinquante PVVIH de la région d’Ottawa/Gatineau ont participé à une entrevue semi-structurée afin de partager leur expérience avec les effets secondaires. Quatre catégories ont émergé de l’analyse : modèle de soins, pouvoir médical (catégorie centrale), stratégies et impacts. Les résultats montrent que les médecins exercent un monopole dans la prise en charge des PVVIH, ces dernières mettent alors en place plusieurs modes de résistance pour contrer l’autorité médicale. Elles doivent également développer leurs propres stratégies pour atténuer leurs effets secondaires. Malgré tout, une relation patient-médecin conflictuelle engendre différents impacts qui peuvent être dévastateurs pour les PVVIH (isolement, abandon et souffrance).
Dear Program Director: Deciphering Letters of Recommendation
Authors: Saudek Kris , Saudek David , Treat Robert , Bartz Peter , Weigert Rachel , Weisgerber Michael 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACTBackground Letters of recommendation (LORs) are an important part of applications for residency and fellowship programs. Despite anecdotal use of a “code” in LORs, research on program director (PD) perceptions of the value of these documents is sparse.Objective We analyzed PD interpretations of LOR components and discriminated between perceived levels of applicant recommendations.Methods We conducted a cross-sectional, descriptive study of pediatrics residency and fellowship PDs. We developed a survey asking PDs to rate 3 aspects of LORs: 13 letter features, 10 applicant abilities, and 11 commonly used phrases, using a 5-point Likert scale. The 11 phrases were grouped using principal component analysis. Mean scores of components were analyzed with repeated-measures analysis of variance. Median Likert score differences between groups were analyzed with Mann-Whitney U tests.Results Our survey had a 43% response rate (468 of 1079). “I give my highest recommendation” was rated the most positive phrase, while “showed improvement” was rated the most negative. Principal component analysis generated 3 groups of phrases with moderate to strong correlation with each other. The mean Likert score for each group from the PD rating was calculated. Positive phrases had a mean (SD) of 4.4 (0.4), neutral phrases 3.4 (0.5), and negative phrases 2.6 (0.6). There was a significant difference among all 3 pairs of mean scores (all P &lt; .001).Conclusions Commonly used phrases in LORs were interpreted consistently by PDs and influenced their impressions of candidates. Key elements of LORs include distinct phrases depicting different degrees of endorsement.
State fusion entropy for continuous and site-specific analysis of landslide stability changing regularities
Authors: Liu Yong , Qin Zhimeng , Hu Baodan , Feng Shuai 
Published: April 2018

Abstract. Stability analysis is of great significance to landslide hazard prevention, especially the dynamic stability. However, many existing stability analysis methods are difficult to analyse the continuous landslide stability and its changing regularities in a uniform criterion due to the unique landslide geological conditions. Based on the relationship between displacement monitoring data, deformation states and landslide stability, a state fusion entropy method is herein proposed to derive landslide instability through a comprehensive multi-attribute entropy analysis of deformation states, which are defined by a proposed joint clustering method combining K-means and a cloud model. Taking Xintan landslide as the detailed case study, cumulative state fusion entropy presents an obvious increasing trend after the landslide entered accelerative deformation stage and historical maxima match highly with landslide macroscopic deformation behaviours in key time nodes. Reasonable results are also obtained in its application to several other landslides in the Three Gorges Reservoir in China. Combined with field survey, state fusion entropy may serve for assessing landslide stability and judging landslide evolutionary stages.
Changes in flow of Crosson and Dotson ice shelves, West Antarctica, in response to elevated melt
Authors: Lilien David A. , Joughin Ian , Smith Benjamin , Shean David E. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract. Crosson and Dotson ice shelves are two of the most rapidly changing outlets in West Antarctica, displaying both significant thinning and grounding-line retreat in recent decades. We used remotely sensed measurements of velocity and ice geometry to investigate the processes controlling their changes in speed and grounding-line position over the past 20 years. We combined these observations with inverse modeling of the viscosity of the ice shelves to understand how weakening of the shelves affected this speedup. These ice shelves have lost mass continuously since the 1990s, and we find that this loss results from increasing melt beneath both shelves and the increasing speed of Crosson. High melt rates persisted over the period covered by our observations (1996–2014), with the highest rates beneath areas that ungrounded during this time. Grounding-line flux exceeded basin-wide accumulation by about a factor of 2 throughout the study period, consistent with earlier studies, resulting in significant loss of grounded as well as floating ice. The near doubling of Crosson's speed in some areas during this time is likely the result of weakening of its margins and retreat of its grounding line. This speedup contrasts with Dotson, which has maintained its speed despite increasingly high melt rates near its grounding line, likely a result of the sustained competency of the shelf. Our results indicate that changes to melt rates began before 1996 and suggest that observed increases in melt in the 2000s compounded an ongoing retreat of this system. Advection of a channel along Dotson, as well as the grounding-line position of Kohler Glacier, suggests that Dotson experienced a change in flow around the 1970s, which may be the initial cause of its continuing retreat.
Achieving Organizational Commitment through HRM Practices: The Ghanaian Banking Sector Experience
Authors: Coffie Rosemary Boateng , Boateng Kofi Agyenim , Coffie Frank 
Published: April 2018

Organizational Commitment indicates the degree to which HRM practices are able to cultivate emotional connection between firms and employee goals. This study sought to investigate the nature of the relationship between the implementation of HRM practices and organizational commitment in the banking industry in Ghana. Employing the three component model of Allen and Meyer as the underlying theory of organizational commitment, the researchers examined the six HRM practices in five selected commercial banks in Ghana. Adopting the quantitative method of research, a descriptive including a multiple regression analysis was used to analyze the existing relationship between the HRM practices and organizational commitment. Findings from the study revealed that affective and normative forms of commitment were preferred to continuance forms of commitment. Again whilst respondent’s affective and normative commitment included performance based pay, communication and information sharing, training and development and rewards recognition, that of the continuance commitment also included communication, information sharing, recruitment and selection performance appraisal as well as rewards and recognition. The study concludes that there is a positive relationship between the implementation of HRM practices and organizational commitment. A further study is therefore suggested towards the conduct of a qualitative study in all banks in Ghana to consider the applicability of generalizability on the subject matter.