bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Entrepreneurial motivators and competencies – main drivers of entrepreneurial success
Authors: Rașcă Lavinia , Deaconu Alecxandrina 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
The entrepreneurial activity has been recognized as a major source of jobs and economic development. Entrepreneurial minded persons are passionate, dedicated, optimistic. They are never satisfied with status quo, so they take action in order to address opportunities, rather than over analyzing situations, and waiting for permission. They are ambitious and willing to do whatever it takes to succeed, they take calculated risks, and focus on what it matters. They know how to use own resources and how to secure those they lack, and they pay attention to cash flow. They are confident that their investment in time and money will pay-off. They love challenge, welcome change, and know how to listen. They do not strive to please everybody - being rejected motivates them to work harder. Despite much research into explaining what makes entrepreneurial initiatives successful, the answers are not clear, most studies presenting conflicting findings. The need for developing entrepreneurial competencies is more urgent than ever before, since they are recognized to be the main driver of the entrepreneurial success. It is important to know and understand how to achieve this goal. Are there specific competencies that make an entrepreneur successful? And are these born, or learnable? Based on literature review and on quantitative and qualitative analysis, this paper aims to identify motivators and competencies important for entrepreneurial success, as well as actions, learning and development programs to be developed in order to improve them. Conclusions based on surveys and interviews undertaken by the authors will also be presented. The paper might be of interest for government, education and training providers, employers, potential and practicing entrepreneurs.
Information Technology – the key enabler of multiple project management in higher education institutions
Authors: Vasilache Raluca , Capatina Alexandru , Schin George Cristian 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
The body of knowledge related to the impact of IT on project management (PM) acknowledges the driving and restraining forces for PM software implementation. However, the peculiarities of such kind of approach have received little research attention at the level of Romanian public institutions. This paper addresses this research gap in the attempt to outline how PM software becomes the key enabler of solution to level the resources involved in multiple projects managed in the same time by a public institution from higher education system. The methodological approach involves a case study, which highlight the value of IT support in the process of identifying and leveling the overallocated resources within multiple project management.
In Vitro Action of Meconium on Bronochomotor Tonus of Newborns with Meconium Aspiration Syndrome
Authors: Haliti Arsim , Mustafa Lirim , Bexheti Sadi , Islami Drita , Bozalija Adnan , Shabani Ragip , Islami Hilmi 
Published: June 2018

AIM: Here we studied the role of meconium in the respiratory system on live and exited newborns (weight 250-3000 g). Throughout this study is followed the response of tracheal rings in acetylcholine and histamine in different molar concentrations (10-1, 10-2, 10-3, 10-4 mol/dm3).METHODS: To study the smooth tracheal musculature we used 23 tracheal preparations obtained from the newborns exited from meconium aspiration.RESULTS: Based on the functional analysis of the tracheal specimen we have concluded that the meconium aspiration did not change the smooth musculature response on acetylcholine and histamine when compared to control group, exited from lung inflammatory processes (e.g., pneumonia, bronchopneumonia, atelectasis, cerebral hemorrhage), where tracheal smooth musculature response is significant (P for other causes is not significant (P > 0.01).CONCLUSION: The conclusions suggest that meconium did not potentiate the constrictor action of acetylcholine and histamine in the tracheobronchial system and did not cause modulation of bronchomotor tonus in case of his aspiration. Meconium causes mild relaxation of smooth tracheal musculature with a mechanism which is not mediated by cyclooxygenase products, from tracheal epithelium or proteins. Also, direct activity in the smooth musculature of several tested acids seems to have no significant impact in increasing the tonus of respiratory airway of smooth tracheal musculature.
De afdoening van ernstige strafbare feiten waar dementerende justitiabelen bij betrokken zijn
Authors: te Hennepe-van Vulpen Marijke 
Published: June 2018

The execution of serious criminal offenses involving demented individuals
Persons who suffer from dementia could potentially commit serious crimes. By studying 22 casus of settlements in cases of serious crimes allegedly committed by a demented person, published on ‘rechtspraak.nl’, the mode of settlement in these cases was established and problems in that field were identified. The group of dementia sufferers proved to be heterogeneous which resulted in a great variety of settlements within the criminal proceedings. However, problems do occur and certain aspects of these problems are not resolvable within the current Dutch penal systems. Reflection on this issue is desirable, as the number of people who suffer from dementia will increase considerably in the near future.
Aandacht voor vaderschap in de gevangenis
Authors: Reef Joni , Ormskerk Naomi , van Es Lisa 
Published: June 2018

Focus on Fatherhood in Prison
Around 36.000 men enter Dutch prisons every year. Nearly half of them are father. Imprisonment is destructive to father involvement. Many prisoners involuntary fail to stay connected with their family and are unable to reconnect with family after release. However, father involvement protects fragile families, children and fathers themselves from collateral consequences of imprisonment and even reduces recidivism. One of the first Dutch initiatives for fathers in prison came from voluntary organization Exodus. Since 2014, they run an 8-week workshop on fatherhood in a number of Dutch penal institutions. Fathers work on the restoration or reconstruction of their relationship with their children and parenting partners. In this article, we review participating fathers’ perceptions of the workshop and the changes in their attitude towards fatherhood.
Climate change and Adaptation Coping Strategies among Sheep and Goat Farmers in Ivo Local Government Area of Ebonyi State, Nigeria.
Authors: Smiles Ume , Ezeano C. I. , Ochiaka C. D. 
Published: June 2018

Climate change and Adaptation Coping Strategies among Sheep and Goat Farmers in Ivo Local Government Area of Ebonyi State, Nigeria was studied. A total of 60 respondents were selected using multi-stage random sampling technique. Data for the study was collected using a structured questionnaire. Percentage responses and multiple regressions were used to analyzed the data. The results revealed that males were more prominent in sheep and goat farming with age range of 41-61 years old. Also, majority of the sampled farmers were married, educated, had access to extension services with household size of 7-12 persons. Also, the adaptation coping strategies adopted by the farmers were use of shade, Use of nutrient-dense diets , destocking and use of drinking water. Furthermore, the farmers socio-economic characteristics that affected the adaptation of climate change coping strategies in sheep and goats production were level of education, farming experience and age of the farmers. In addition, rainfall, temperature and relative humidity were the weather elements that effected sheep and goat production in the study area. Finally, the factors limiting farmers’ adaptation coping strategies were poor access to credit, poor access to information, poor access to extension services and poor government involvements.The need to ensure the farmers’ access to credit, education and extension services should be enhancedKeywords; Climate change, Adaptation, Coping Strategies, Sheep and Goat, Farmers.
Team and Electronic Health Record Features and Burnout Among Family Physicians
Authors: Rotenstein Lisa S. , Hendrix Nathaniel , Phillips Robert L. , Adler-Milstein Julia 
Published: November 2024

ImportanceIn the context of a growing volume of electronic health record (EHR)–based work and post–COVID-19 pandemic staffing pressures, health system leaders need an up-to-date understanding of changes in family physicians’ experiences of burnout, determinants of burnout, and how to enhance the family physicians’ experience.ObjectiveTo evaluate the association of family physicians’ perceptions of team structure and EHR experiences with burnout and identify modifiable practice structure factors associated with team and EHR experiences.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsA serial cross-sectional survey study was conducted from December 1, 2016, to October 24, 2023. Participants included family physicians seeking continuous certification through the American Board of Family Medicine.Main Outcomes and MeasuresYearly prevalence of burnout, perceived team efficiency, perceived EHR proficiency, and perceived EHR time were the outcomes. Multivariable logistic regression models subsequently assessed associations of team- and EHR-related experiences with burnout and the association between practice structure and staffing features in team efficiency and EHR time.ResultsThe study included 10 315 physicians who answered the subset of questions related to burnout on the American Board of Family Medicine’s Continuous Certification Questionnaire between 2017 and 2023. Among the sample, 5584 respondents (54.1%) were male, and the median age was 50 (IQR, 43-58) years. The proportion of physicians reporting burnout ranged from 37.9% in 2017 to a peak of 42.8% in 2022, which did not represent a significant temporal trend (P = .91). Appropriate home EHR use was associated with 0.58 (95% CI, 0.53-0.64; P &amp;lt; .001) times the odds of burnout, while high team efficiency was associated with 0.61 (95% CI, 0.56-0.67; P &amp;lt; .001) times the odds of burnout. Physician collaboration with a registered nurse was associated with greater odds of high team efficiency (odds ratio [OR], 1.35; 95% CI, 1.22-1.50). Collaboration with a physician assistant was associated with greater odds of appropriate home EHR time (OR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.03-1.24).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this national cross-sectional study of US family physicians, appropriate time spent on the EHR at home and primary care team efficiency were associated with lower odds of burnout. These findings suggest that clinical leaders and policymakers should focus on optimizing primary care team support and family physicians’ EHR experiences to enhance the sustainability of primary care practice.
Psychosis Spectrum Symptoms Before and After Adolescent Cannabis Use Initiation
Authors: Osborne K. Juston , Barch Deanna M. , Jackson Joshua J. , Karcher Nicole R. 
Published: November 2024

ImportanceAdolescent cannabis use has been consistently posited to contribute to the onset and progression of psychosis. However, alternative causal models may account for observed associations between cannabis use and psychosis risk, including shared vulnerability for both cannabis use and psychosis or efforts to self-medicate distress from psychosis spectrum symptomology.ObjectiveTo test 3 hypotheses that may explain cannabis–psychosis risk associations by modeling psychosis spectrum symptom trajectories prior to and after cannabis initiation across adolescent development (approximately 10-15 years of age).Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study used data from 5 waves across 4 years of follow-up from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study. The ABCD study is an ongoing large-scale, longitudinal study of brain development and mental and physical health of children in the US launched in June 2016. Data are collected from 21 research sites. The study included data from 11 868 adolescents aged 9 to 10 years at baseline. Three participants were excluded from the present analysis owing to missing data. Data analysis was performed from September 2023 to July 2024.Main Outcomes and MeasuresDiscontinuous growth curve modeling was used to assess trajectories of psychosis spectrum symptoms before and after cannabis initiation. Control variables considered for this investigation were age, sex, internalizing and externalizing symptoms, socioeconomic status, parental mental health, and other substance use.ResultsAmong the 11 858 participants at wave 1, the mean (SD) age was 9.5 (0.5) years; 6182 (52%) participants were male. Consistent with a shared vulnerability hypothesis, adolescents who used cannabis at any point during the study period reported a greater number of psychosis spectrum symptoms (B, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.68-1.04) and more distress (B, 1.17; 95% CI, 0.96-1.39) from psychosis spectrum symptoms relative to those who never used cannabis. Additionally, consistent with a self-medication hypothesis, the number of psychosis spectrum symptoms (B, 0.16; 95% CI, 0.12-0.20) and distress (B, 0.23; 95% CI, 0.21-0.26) from psychosis spectrum symptoms increased in the time leading up to cannabis initiation. We observed mixed evidence for an increase in psychosis symptoms after cannabis initiation (ie, contributing risk hypothesis).Conclusion and RelevanceThe findings underscore the importance of accounting for shared vulnerability and self-medication effects when modeling cannabis–psychosis risk associations.
Multi‐level Nonvolatile Transistor Memory With Optical Rewritability Utilizing Reverse‐Bias P‐N Junction of Oriented Rod‐Like Organic Molecules
Authors: Lin Yi‐Sa , Hung Chih‐Chien , Ho Jin‐Chieh , Chen Wei‐Cheng , Ercan Ender , Lin Yan‐Cheng , Chiu Yu‐Cheng , Chen Wen‐Chang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractElectret has been extensively utilized as a charge‐trapping layer in organic phototransistor memory applications; nevertheless, the intricate nature of the unique structural configuration posed challenges regarding manipulating device characteristics and performance. Research on understanding material‐driven electronic performance in single‐component phototransistor memory is insufficient. This study highlights the morphology‐dependent characteristics of phototransistor memory composed of a single‐component only, followed by the expansion of optical manipulability by introducing heterojunction. A combined approach involving crystallographic and the intrinsic transistor field‐effect is employed to illustrate the intricate balance that exists between intermolecular, intercrystalline, as well as the charge transfer at the conjugated core and the carriers confinement at the non‐conjugated region. Ultimately, a novel concept of single‐component phototransistor memory is introduced. Given the performance stability of the devices, the emphasis is placed on fully optical programming. The mechanisms of charge transfer and charge trapping effect at heterojunctions under illumination remain challenging to explain. Consequently, a simplified stacking design utilizing molecular systems has been created. A P‐N junction configuration is designed in the studied N‐type phototransistor memory, demonstrating enriched minority carriers to modulate the content of trapped charges and thus leading its memory state switching without applying additional gate bias.
Optimizing Exciton Diffusion and Carrier Transport for Enhanced Efficiency in Q‐PHJ and BHJ Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Lai Hanjian , Zhu Yiwu , Ouyang Yanni , Lai Xue , Ou Meihong , Deng Zihao , Wang Yunpeng , Qiu Dongsheng , Zhang Chunfeng , He Feng 
Published: November 2024

AbstractExciton diffusion and carrier transport are two critical factors that determine the efficiency of organic photovoltaics (OPVs). However, the relationship between these two factors has not been extensively studied. Designing non‐fullerene acceptors (NFAs) with efficient diffusion coefficients and high electronic transmittance is a key area of focus. In this study, materials for bulk‐heterojunction (BHJ) and quasiplanar‐heterojunction (Q‐PHJ) devices are synthesized to validate the desired differences in crystallinity. The single crystal of BOBO4Cl‐βδ demonstrated the most compact packing structure, with an improved planar configuration and closer π···π distances, resulting in higher electron mobility and superior exciton diffusion coefficient. Consequently, BOBO4Cl‐βδ‐based devices achieved a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 17.38% in Q‐PHJ, compared to a lower PCE of 14.75% in BHJ devices. Furthermore, incorporating BOBO4Cl‐βδ into the D18/L8‐BO Q‐PHJ system increased the PCE from 17.98% to 18.81%, one of the highest values recorded for Q‐PHJ devices. This improvement is attributed to strong crystallinity of BOBO4Cl‐βδ, which enhances the packing arrangement and improves the exciton diffusion coefficient. Our work highlights the importance of molecular design with tunable exciton diffusion and carrier transport for BHJ and Q‐PHJ OPV architectures and reveals the relationship between them, which contributes to the achievement of high‐performance NFAs.
Advanced Nanomaterials for Cancer Therapy: Gold, Silver, and Iron Oxide Nanoparticles in Oncological Applications
Authors: Singh Priyanka , Pandit Santosh , Balusamy Sri Renukadevi , Madhusudanan Mukil , Singh Hina , Amsath Haseef H. Mohamed , Mijakovic Ivan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractCancer remains one of the most challenging health issues globally, demanding innovative therapeutic approaches for effective treatment. Nanoparticles, particularly those composed of gold, silver, and iron oxide, have emerged as promising candidates for changing cancer therapy. This comprehensive review demonstrates the landscape of nanoparticle‐based oncological interventions, focusing on the remarkable advancements and therapeutic potentials of gold, silver, and iron oxide nanoparticles. Gold nanoparticles have garnered significant attention for their exceptional biocompatibility, tunable surface chemistry, and distinctive optical properties, rendering them ideal candidates for various cancer diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Silver nanoparticles, renowned for their antimicrobial properties, exhibit remarkable potential in cancer therapy through multiple mechanisms, including apoptosis induction, angiogenesis inhibition, and drug delivery enhancement. With their magnetic properties and biocompatibility, iron oxide nanoparticles offer unique cancer diagnosis and targeted therapy opportunities. This review critically examines the recent advancements in the synthesis, functionalization, and biomedical applications of these nanoparticles in cancer therapy. Moreover, the challenges are discussed, including toxicity concerns, immunogenicity, and translational barriers, and ongoing efforts to overcome these hurdles are highlighted. Finally, insights into the future directions of nanoparticle‐based cancer therapy and regulatory considerations, are provided aiming to accelerate the translation of these promising technologies from bench to bedside.
Rewritable Broadband Lossy Absorber Based on Laser Induction Technology
Authors: Ma Hao‐Ran , Yang Shao‐rui , Wu Si , Su Xiao‐hui , Ye Ya‐guang , Liu Lei , Xiong Wei , Deng Lei‐min , Chen Tian‐ting 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe tunable and reversible fabrication function of stealth metasurfaces has significant application value in complex electromagnetic environments., but the extremely low fault tolerance of the existing fabrication methods limits their further development and utilization. In this manuscript, a design and fabrication method for rewritable broadband stealth metasurfaces with memory function is proposed. The reversible phase transition is achieved by laser induced germanium telluride (GeTe) film, which provides the possibility for metasurface to realize the rewriting function. The process of laser induced GeTe and the simulation model of GeTe are investigated, and the conclusions are verified by rewritable broadband polarization converter (RBPC) and rewritable broadband lossy absorber (RBLA). The experimental results show that the reflectivity of fabricated RBLA is less than −10 dB in the range of 7.8–16.1 GHz, which is in good agreement with the numerical simulation results. Meanwhile, there is a highly consistent performance effect before and after repeated induction. The research has the advantages of high efficiency, region selectivity, non volatility and high fault tolerance, which can provide new manufacturing ideas and good candidates for tunable metamaterials.
Kinetics Enhancement of High‐Voltage LCO via In‐Situ Formed Cyanide‐Rich Polymer Interfaces
Authors: Luo Lingpeng , Liao Weili , Wang Guo , Pang Chao , Yao Jiaozhi , Li Chunyue , Li Jixiao , Zhang Sharui , Zhang Xiaokun , Xiang Yong 
Published: November 2024

AbstractLithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO2) is widely used as cathode material for lithium‐ion batteries due to its high operation voltage and high specific capacity. However, conventional LiCoO2 (LCO) undergoes severe structural phase transitions and compositional changes at high voltage (>4.4 V) leading to failure. Herein, a multifunctional crosslinked polymer interface is insitu formed on LCO particles, which can build a nanoscale conformal coating layer on the interface of LCO, preventing the side reaction with the electrolyte. Moreover, thanks to its high‐voltage talerances and high Li+ conductivity, the in‐situ polymerized interface has excellent high‐voltage stability and Li+ transport kinetics, which significantly improves the electrochemical performances of LCO at 4.55 or 4.6 V. This study confirms the feasibility of in situ polymer modification of LCO, providing new ideas and methods for the structural stabilization and performance enhancement of high‐voltage lithium cobalt oxides.
Perovskite Thin‐Film Transistors for Ultra‐Low‐Voltage Neuromorphic Visions
Authors: Rong Yang , Yu De , Zhang Xin , Wang Tao , Wang Jie , Li Yuheng , Zhao Tongpeng , He Ruiqin , Gao Yuxin , Huang Can , Xiao Shumin , Qin Jingkai , Bai Sai , Zhu Huihui , Liu Ao , Chen Yimu , Song Qinghai 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPerovskite thin‐film transistors (TFTs) simultaneously possessing exceptional carrier transport capabilities, nonvolatile memory effects, and photosensitivity have recently attracted attention in fields of both complementary circuits and neuromorphic computing. Despite continuous performance improvements through additive and composition engineering of the channel materials, the equally crucial dielectric/channel interfaces of perovskite TFTs have remained underexplored. Here, it is demonstrated that engineering the dielectric/channel interface in 2D tin perovskite TFTs not only enhances the performance and operational stability for their utilization in complementary circuits but also enables efficient synaptic behaviors (optical information sensing and storage) under an extremely low operating voltage of −1 mV at the same time. The interface‐engineered TFT arrays operating at −1 mV are then demonstrated as the preprocessing hardware for neuromorphic visions with pattern recognition accuracy of 92.2% and long‐term memory capability. Such a low operating voltage provides operational feasibility to the design of large‐scale‐integrated and wearable/implantable neuromorphic hardware.