bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A 12-year review of patient-reported outcomes after reduction mammoplasty in patients with high body mass index
Authors: Ngaage Ledibabari M. , Bai Jennifer , Gebran Selim , Elegbede Adekunle , Ihenatu Chinezimuzo , Nam Arthur J. , Slezak Sheri , Rasko Yvonne M. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Patients with increased body mass index (BMI) are often denied reduction mammoplasty due to concern for high morbidity. There is a paucity of evidence identifying high BMI as a predictor of poor long-term outcomes in reduction mammoplasty. In this study, we investigated the influence of BMI on long-term patient satisfaction following reduction mammoplasty.
All patients undergoing reduction mammoplasty over a 12-year period at a single institution were included in the study. A retrospective chart review was conducted to extract demographics, operative data, and postoperative course including complications. Patients were classified into 4 categories based on BMI (normal (<25), overweight (25–29.9), obese (30–39.9), and morbidly obese (≥40)). Patient satisfaction was assessed using a customized survey which was administered over the phone. Only patients with complete medical records who participated in the survey were included.
The 70 patients met the inclusion criteria for the study. Median time from surgery to survey was 6 years. Overall satisfaction after reduction mammoplasty was high, 5 on a 5-point Likert scale. The amount of breast tissue resected correlated with patient BMI (P <.01). There was no statistical difference in satisfaction across BMI classes. Furthermore, high BMI (obese, and morbidly obese) was not associated with higher postoperative complications (P = .70). Those with a high overall satisfaction score had a significantly greater self-reported aesthetic score compared to those with low and mid satisfied scores (P <.01).
Following reduction mammoplasty, patients report high satisfaction which is sustained over several years. Obesity is not associated with a higher incidence of complications or lower satisfaction. Our data suggest that patients with a high BMI should not be denied reduction mammoplasty out of concern for higher complication rate or reduced patient satisfaction due to BMI alone, but reduction mammoplasty should be considered in the setting of overall health counseling.
Autologous whole-blood or autologous serum acupoint injection therapy for chronic urticaria
Authors: Zhang Leixiao , Xiao Xianjun , Hui Ruting , Shi Yunzhou , Deng Yanli , Zheng Hui , Zheng Qianhua , Zhou Siyuan , Yao Junpeng , Cao Wei , Liu Ying , Hao Pingsheng , Li Ying 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackground:Chronic urticaria (CU) is a common and easily recurring skin disease in the world. Many trials have shown that autologous whole-blood or autologous serum acupoint injection therapy is effective in treating CU. There is currently no systematic review of this therapy. The program aims to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of this therapy in patients with CU.Methods:Literature search will be conducted at Medline, PubMed, Excerpt Medica Database, Springer, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Scientific Journal Database, and other databases. The search date is until May 2019. We will search for popular terms including CU and this therapy. Import the literature electronically. Duplicate documents will be deleted. The primary outcome is the urticaria activity score or other validated scales. Secondary outcomes included response rate, quality of life scale, recurrence rate, and adverse events. A systematic review and search for a randomized controlled trial of this therapy for CU. Implement the Cochrane RevMan V5.3 bias assessment tool to assess bias assessment risk, data integration risk, meta-analysis risk, and subgroup analysis risk (if conditions are met). The mean difference, standard MD, and binary data will be used to represent continuous results.Results:This study will provide a comprehensive review of the available evidence for the treatment of CU with this therapy.Conclusion:This study will provide new evidence for assessing the effectiveness and side effects of this therapy for CU. Since the data is not individualized, there is no need for formal ethical approval.PROSPERO registration number:CRD42019128364.
Comparison of internal fixation with Gamma3 Long nails and INTERTAN nails in the treatment of Seinsheimer type V subtrochanteric femoral fractures in elderly patients
Authors: Li Yan-Hui , Zhu Dong , Li Yuying , Zhao Tianhao , Cao Zongbing , Tan Lei 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The aim of this study was to clinically compare the therapeutic effects of internal fixation using a third-generation Gamma Long Nail (TGLN) with that of INTERTAN in the treatment of Seinsheimer Type V subtrochanteric femoral fractures in elderly patients.
The therapeutic effect of internal fixation with TGLN, compared with that with INTERTAN, was retrospectively analyzed in elderly patients diagnosed with Seinsheimer Type V subtrochanteric fracture. Twenty-five cases were divided into 2 groups based on the fixation devices: the TGLN group (13 cases; 5 men and 8 women) and the INTERTAN group (12 cases; 5 men and 7 women). Patients were followed up postoperatively, and their clinical history, intraoperative blood loss, fracture healing, Harris Hip Scores, and postoperative complications were recorded and compared.
Patients in the TGLN group had shorter operation time and less intraoperative blood loss, compared with those in the INTERTAN group (P < .05). There were no significant between-group differences in postoperative complications, fracture healing time and Harris Hip Scores during the follow-up (P > .05).
Nonalcoholic fatty pancreas disease is related independently to the severity of acute pancreatitis
Authors: Xie Jiarong , Xu Lu , Pan Yuning , Li Peifei , Liu Yi , Pan Yue , Shan Keshu , Zhang Yu , Xu Lei 
Published: June 2019

Background
This study aimed to investigate the association between nonalcoholic fatty pancreas disease and the severity of acute pancreatitis (AP).

Patients and methods
Among the 1662 AP patients admitted between August 2010 and August 2017, 82 eligible patients with moderately severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) and SAP were selected. Meanwhile, 164 mild AP patients were age-matched, sex-matched, and BMI-matched at a ratio of 1 : 2. Nonalcoholic fatty pancreas disease was estimated by mean pancreas attenuation by unenhanced computed tomography. Finally, 1662 patients were screened and 246 patients were analyzed.

Results
For the 246 patients, the mean pancreatic attenuation and pancreas-to-spleen attenuation ratio (P/S ratio) were significantly lower in the moderately SAP and SAP groups compared with those in the mild AP group (both, P<0.001). Pancreatic attenuation decreased with an increase in the rate of ICU transfer, AP severity, systemic complications, and prognostic factors of AP (Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score≥8; P<0.001). A decreased P/S ratio was correlated positively with the increased mortality of patients with AP (hazard ratio: 0.000; 95% confidence interval: 0.000–0.012; P<0.001), as determined by Cox proportional regression analysis adjusted for creatinine, calcium, and albumin levels.

Conclusion
The pancreatic attenuation level and P/S ratio are correlated independently to severity, mortality, and systemic complications in patients with AP.
Mental Health of a Large Group of Adults With Disorders of Sex Development in Six European Countries
Authors: de Vries Annelou L.C. , Roehle Robert , Marshall Louise , Frisén Louise , van de Grift Tim C. , Kreukels Baudewijntje P.C. , Bouvattier Claire , Köhler Birgit , Thyen Ute , Nordenström Anna , Rapp Marion , Cohen-Kettenis Peggy T. 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACT

Objective
The aim of the study was to evaluate psychiatric symptoms among 1022 persons with various disorders of sex development (DSDs).

Methods
The study was a European multicenter cross-sectional clinical evaluation in six countries. The mean (SD) age of participants was 32.1 (13.4) years. The cohort consisted of 325 individuals with Turner syndrome, 219 individuals with Klinefelter syndrome (KS), female individuals with various XY-DSD conditions (107 with and 67 without androgenization), 87 male individuals with XY-DSD conditions, and 221 female individuals with congenital adrenal hyperplasia. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the Short Autism Spectrum Quotient, the Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Self-Report Scale, and self-reported mental health history were used to assess psychiatric symptoms.

Results
Across the six DSD diagnostic groups, clinical cutoff symptom scores were reached in 19.5% of participants for anxiety, in 7.1% for depression, in 4.1% for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and in 9.1% for autism. The mean depression and anxiety scores were higher compared with population norms in men with KS and men with XY-DSD. Compared with participants with other DSD conditions, men with KS reported significantly more mental health symptoms. Self-esteem, satisfaction with care, body dissatisfaction, and experiences of shame were associated with psychiatric symptoms in many DSD conditions.

Conclusions
A substantial minority of adults with DSD, with KS in particular, experience psychiatric morbidity. Across DSD conditions, adults may share feelings of shame. Developing a positive self-esteem and body image may be challenging. Multidisciplinary DSD care that involves specialized mental health support can be of important value.

Trial Registration
German Clinical Trials Register DRKS00006072.
Rembrandt's Aging Face in Plastic Surgical Perspective
Authors: Hage J. Joris , Lange Jan , Karim Refaat B. 
Published: June 2019

Background and Aim
When the painter Rembrandt van Rijn (1607–1669) died 350 years ago, he left us some 90 self-portraits showing his aging face. Recognizing aging characteristics of the male face is fundamental to the planning of a surgical procedure and a prerequisite when communicating to the male patient. Rembrandt's recordings through the years might offer an optimal aid to train such recognition, provided that they are truthful. In this article, we present an inventory of age-related changes observed in these self-portraits to assess whether they are truthful.

Methods
High-quality photographs of 25 self-portraits that are generally accepted as works by Rembrandt were independently assessed in a standardized fashion for the presence of 25 aging characteristics, by 2 plastic surgeons and a physician-portraitist.

Results
The observed proportion of agreement between assessments reached 0.87 (κ = 0.68, indicating good agreement). We found Rembrandt's self-portraits to reflect his facial aging as a chronologically increasing process. Observed characteristics set in as of 1642, the year that he lost his beloved first wife, Saskia. His face appears to have particularly aged from 1652 to 1659, in which period Rembrandt's second great love Hendrickje was summoned because of her living in sin with Rembrandt, and Rembrandt himself faced financial problems. As of 1660, Rembrandt seems to have been less intended to depict his facial aging characteristics.

Conclusions
We conclude that Rembrandt truthfully reflected his ongoing age in the self-portraits, up to 1660. These self-portraits therefore may allow for training the art of observation of such characteristics.
Orbital Volume Increases With Age
Authors: Ugradar Shoaib , Lambros Val 
Published: June 2019

Objective
The aim of the study was to determine whether the bony orbital volume (BOV) changes with age in males and females.

Methods
This case-control study reviewed high-resolution (<1-mm slices) computed tomography (CT) scans of consecutive patients seen for 4 years. The scans were requested as part of the patient's routine care for symptoms related to sinus symptoms. Eligible participants were adults aged between 18 and 30 years and 60 and 75 years. Exclusion criteria included previous surgery, any medical conditions that might affect the bone or soft tissue of the orbit, and any abnormalities seen on imaging. Male patients aged between 18 and 30 years were compared with males aged 60 to 75 years. The same was done for females. The main outcome measure was measurement of the BOV. Both orbits of each patient were included using the generalized estimating equation, to avoid any bias from correlation between 2 orbits of the same patient.

Results
A total of 240 orbits from 120 patients were used for this study. Each age group contained 30 patients. There were no significant differences in the ages between males and females in each age category (P = 0.88 for ages 20–30 years and P = 0.74 for ages 60–75 years). The mean (SD) BOV for females aged between 20 and 30 years was 19,153.69 mm3 (3776.21), whereas that for females aged between 60 and 75 years was 20,939.38 mm3 (2837.34). The difference between the groups was significant (Pr(>|W|) = 0.05). The mean (SD) BOV for males aged between 20 and 30 years was 22,2721 mm3 (2977.35), whereas that for males aged between 60 and 75 years was 22,892.92 mm3 (2389.46) (Fig. 1). The difference between these 2 groups was not significant (Pr(>|W|) = 0.40). The mean BOV was significantly greater for males than females (P ≤ 0.01) across both age groups.

Conclusions
This study found that female orbits expand with age, whereas male orbits showed no significant changes. Changes to the orbital volume in females may contribute to the appearance of aging.
Rigid External Le Fort I Distraction Followed by Secondary Bone Grafting for Maxillary Advancements in Patients With Cleft Lip and Palate
Authors: Tobolowsky William , Gupta Pranjal , Lopez Joseph , Cho Regina , Mundinger Gerhard S. , Yang Robin , Tufaro Anthony P. 
Published: June 2019

Introduction:
Maxillary hypoplasia after cleft lip and palate (CLP) repair can result in significant functional and aesthetic impairments. Le Fort I osteotomy & advancement and Le Fort I distraction osteogenesis are standard treatment options for individuals with CLP-associated midface retrusion. However, both of these modalities continue to be associated with a high relapse rate. This study describes surgical outcomes of a 2-stage technique utilizing distraction osteogenesis combined with bone grafting and rigid fixation, which may optimize skeletal stability by reducing relapse.

Methods:
A retrospective review of CLP patients with severe maxillary hypoplasia evaluated by a single surgeon from 2003 to 2014 was performed. Twenty-one subjects were identified that underwent maxillary advancement via a 2-stage technique: (1) Le Fort I external rigid distraction using a HALO device, followed by (2) autologous iliac crest bone graft application and plate-fixation. Post-operative cephalograms were taken on average 1-year following surgery.

Results:
Twelve subjects met the inclusion/exclusion criteria. A distraction rate of 1 mm/day was achieved with an average of 14 mm of maxillary advancement. Average increase in SNA was +9.03°, with an increase from 71.84° to 80.88° (normal = 82.0°, P value <0.0001), with no significant change in SNB, and a +9.63° change in ANB from −7.76° to 1.88° (normal = 1.6°, P value <0.0001).

Conclusions:
The described 2-step procedure had similar cephalometric improvements as compared to distraction osteogenesis alone. However, successive bone grafting and rigid fixation as a second procedure may help ameliorate relapse risk and optimize the correction of maxillary hypoplasia in susceptible populations.
Visual Hallucinations Induced by Clarithromycin in a Child: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Göktürk Bahar , Erden Semih 
Published: June 2019

Objective
Our aim was to present a child with visual hallucinations possibly associated with oral clarithromycin administration.

Case report
A 4-year-old child was admitted to our hospital with an onset of visual hallucinations after taking the second dose of clarithromycin by mouth. The symptoms gradually disappeared in a week once the clarithromycin therapy had been discontinued. She was observed for a month without any symptoms or further treatment. She was suspected of having Hoigne syndrome (also called as antibiomania) induced by clarithromycin syndrome.

Conclusion
This report highlights neuropsychological adverse effects due to therapeutic doses of clarithromycin therapy as a possible adverse effect in children.
Recombinant Expression of Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) inEscherichia coliNissle 1917 for Oral Delivery in ALDH2-Deficient Individuals
Authors: Ho Tim , Chang Catherine , Wu Justin , Huang Iris , Tsai Leona , Lin Justin , Tai Emily , Chou Caroline , Yang Justin , Wei Yvonne , Yeh Catherine , Chen William , Lu Dylan , Chou Charlotte , Su Longan , Chang Nicole , Huang Colin , Wang Chloe , Abrena Paul , Cheung Christy , Yeh Cassandra , Whiteford Shantih , Chen Phoebe , Huang Austin , Wu Aire , Wei Benjamin , Kao Eugene , Lin Nicholas , Chang Anna , Yang Jake , Lin Yasmin , Tsao Sean , Ward Nicholas , Chiang Teresa , Clapper Jude 
Published: June 2019

AbstractTurning red after consuming alcohol may seem like a mere social inconvenience. Yet, this flushing response is caused by an accumulation of acetaldehyde, a carcinogenic intermediate of alcohol metabolism. Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) deficiency, the result of a point mutation, produces a less efficient ALDH2. The resulting accumulation of acetaldehyde greatly increases the risk of developing esophageal and head and neck cancers. In this study, we produced recombinant ALDH2 in the probioticE. coliNissle 1917, which successfully reduces acetaldehyde levels in simulated oral conditions. Packaged in a hard candy, the ALDH2-probiotic would remain in the mouth to specifically target salivary acetaldehyde. Using mathematical modeling, we also determined how much recombinant ALDH2 is needed to reduce elevated acetaldehyde levels.Financial DisclosureThis work was funded by Taipei American School. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.Competing InterestsThe authors have declared that no competing interests exist.Ethics StatementN/AData AvailabilityYes – all data are fully available without restriction. Sequences for the plasmids used in this study are available through the Registry of Standard Biological Parts. Links to raw data are included in Supplementary Information.
A major Role for Nrf2 transcription factors in cell transformation by KSHV encoded oncogenes
Authors: Daiana Sapochnik , Ana Raimondi , Victoria Medina , Julian Naipauer , Enrique Mesri , Omar Coso 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTKaposi‘s sarcoma (KS) is the most common tumor in AIDS patients and the highly vascularized patient‘s skin lesions are composed of the cells that derive from the endothelial tissue transformed by the KSHV virus. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is an enzyme upregulated by the Kaposi‘s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) and highly expressed in human Kaposi Sarcoma (KS) lesions. The oncogenic G protein-coupled receptor (KSHV-GPCR or vGPCR) is expressed by the viral genome in infected cells and is involved in KS development, HO-1 expression and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression. We have characterized that vGPCR induces HO-1 expression and HO-1 dependent transformation through the Ga13 subunit of heterotrimeric G proteins and the small GTPase RhoA. We have found here several lines of evidence that support a role for Nrf2 transcription factors and family members in the vGPCR,-Ga13,-RhoA signaling pathway that converges on the HO-1 gene promoter. Our current information assigns a major role to Erk1/2 MAPK pathways as intermediate in signaling from vGPCR to Nrf2, influencing Nrf2 translocation to the cell nucleus, Nrf2 transactivation activity and consequently HO-1 expression. Experiments in nude mice show that the tumorigenic effect of vGPCR is dependent on Nrf2 suggesting this transcription factor or its associated proteins as putative pharmacological or therapeutic targets in KS.
CD49f is a novel marker to purify functional human iPSC-derived astrocytes
Authors: Barbar Lilianne , Jain Tanya , Zimmer Matthew , Kruglikov Ilya , Burstein Suzanne R. , Rusielewicz Tomasz , Nijsure Madhura , Croft Gist , Wang Minghui , Zhang Bin , Liddelow Shane , Fossati Valentina 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTAstrocytes play a central role in the central nervous system (CNS), maintaining brain homeostasis, providing metabolic support to neurons, regulating connectivity of neural circuits, and controlling blood flow as an integral part of the blood-brain barrier. They have been increasingly implicated in the mechanisms of neurodegenerative diseases, prompting a greater need for methods that enable their study. The advent of human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology has made it possible to generate patient-specific astrocytes and CNS cells using protocols developed by our team and others as valuable disease models. Yet isolating astrocytes from primary specimens or from in vitro mixed cultures for downstream analyses has remained challenging. To address this need, we performed a screen for surface markers that allow FACS sorting of astrocytes. Here we demonstrate that CD49f is an effective marker for sorting functional human astrocytes. We sorted CD49f+ cells from a protocol we previously developed that generates a complex culture of oligodendrocytes, neurons and astrocytes from iPSCs. CD49f+-purified cells express all canonical astrocyte markers and perform characteristic functions, such as neuronal support and glutamate uptake. Of particular relevance to neurodegenerative diseases, CD49f+ astrocytes can be stimulated to take on an A1 neurotoxic phenotype, in which they secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines and show an impaired ability to support neuronal maturation. This study establishes a novel marker for isolating functional astrocytes from complex CNS cell populations, strengthening the use of iPSC-astrocytes for the study of their regulation and dysregulation in neurodegenerative diseases.
Inter- and intra-animal variation of integrative properties of stellate cells in the medial entorhinal cortex
Authors: Pastoll Hugh , Garden Derek , Papastathopoulos Ioannis , Sürmeli Gülşen , Nolan Matthew F. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractDistinctions between cell types underpin organisational principles for nervous system function. Functional variation also exists between neurons of the same type. This is exemplified by correspondence between grid cell spatial scales and synaptic integrative properties of stellate cells (SCs) in the medial entorhinal cortex. However, we know little about how functional variability is structured either within or between individuals. Using ex-vivo patch-clamp recordings from up to 55 SCs per mouse, we find that integrative properties vary between mice and, in contrast to modularity of grid cell spatial scales, have a continuous dorsoventral organisation. Our results constrain mechanisms for modular grid firing and provide evidence for inter-animal phenotypic variability among neurons of the same type. We suggest that neuron type properties are tuned to circuit level set points that vary within and between animals.