bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigating transdiagnostic factors in eating disorders: Does self‐esteem moderate the relationship between perfectionism and eating disorder symptoms?
Authors: Puttevils Louise , Vanderhasselt Marie‐Anne , Vervaet Myriam 
Published: February 2019

AbstractObjectiveAccording to Fairburns transdiagnostic model of eating disorders (EDs), high levels of perfectionism and low self‐esteem are two core traits across EDs. This study investigates the role of self‐esteem as a transdiagnostic moderator of the relationship between perfectionism and ED symptoms across EDs.MethodA large group of patients (n = 732) completed several questionnaires measuring perfectionism, self‐esteem, and disordered eating symptomatology, more specifically, drive for thinness (DFT) and body dissatisfaction (BD).ResultsAcross EDs, self‐esteem served as a moderator for the association between perfectionism and DFT. However, by testing the model for DFT in each ED separately, the effect only remained in patients with anorexia nervosa and ED not otherwise specified. When testing the model for BD, no moderation effect was found in any of the included EDs.ConclusionsThis study found that the interaction between perfectionism and self‐esteem on DFT can be seen as transdiagnostic, although this effect is not found in each ED separately. These results suggest that ED treatment should consider to not only focus on transdiagnostic factors but also look at the specific impairments of each individual ED.
Optimal radio resource allocation to achieve a low BER in PD‐NOMA–based heterogeneous cellular networks
Authors: Moltafet Mohammad , Azmi Paeiz , Javan Mohammad. R , Mokari Nader , Mokdad Ali 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIn this paper, the problem of downlink radio resource allocation for a power‐domain nonorthogonal multiple‐access–based heterogeneous cellular network is investigated. We propose two scenarios: (1) resource allocation with exclusive subcarrier allocation and (2) resource allocation considering intercell interference. The aim of this paper is to obtain joint subcarrier and power allocation for the two considered system models by addressing the maximization of the users' sum rate subject to the bit error rate constraint, the successive interference cancellation constraint, subcarrier constraints, and the transmit power restriction of each base station. To solve the corresponding optimization problems, an alternating method is applied by decoupling the proposed problems into two subproblems, namely, subcarrier allocation problem and power allocation problem, where they are solved by using the mesh adaptive direct search algorithm and different successive convex approximation methods, respectively. Moreover, to evaluate the optimality gap of the alternating method, the proposed problems are solved using an optimal method, namely, monotonic optimization with high complexity as a benchmark. As the results show, with the bit error rate constraint, the link‐level performance, at the cost of a decreasing system sum rate, is improved.
Threats to Freshwater Fisheries in the United States: Perspectives and Investments of State Fisheries Administrators and Agricultural Experiment Station Directors
Authors: Carlson Andrew K , Taylor William W , Kinnison Michael T , Sullivan S Mažeika P , Weber Michael J , Melstrom Richard T , Venturelli Paul A , Wuellner Melissa R , Newman Raymond M , Hartman Kyle J , Zydlewski Gayle B , DeVries Dennis R , Gray Suzanne M , Infante Dana M , Pegg Mark A , Harrell Reggie M 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Freshwater fisheries provide human benefits (e.g., food, recreation) but are increasingly threatened by climate change, invasive species, and other stressors. Our purpose was to survey fisheries administrators from state fisheries agencies and Agricultural Experiment Stations (AESs) about their perceptions of, and resource investment toward, threats to freshwater fisheries in the United States. Our rationale for studying these two types of fisheries administrators simultaneously was to inform state fisheries professionals about the fisheries relevance of AESs, elevate the profile of fisheries within AESs, and promote mutually beneficial state agency–AES partnerships. Survey respondents generally agreed that recreational, socioeconomic, and ecological services of fisheries were more important than nutritional and commercial benefits. The greatest perceived fisheries threats were water quality/quantity impairment, land-use change, and invasive species—but, interestingly, not climate change. State fisheries agencies invested more personnel and finances into issues rated as less important but more controllable (e.g., fish production, habitat management) than issues rated as more important but larger in scale and more difficult to control (e.g., water quality/quantity, invasive species). Our research underscores the importance of ensuring that state agencies can address long-term, socio-ecologically critical management issues (e.g., climate change) amid budgetary constraints. We call for state agencies to collaborate with new partners (e.g., AESs) to mitigate fisheries threats by expanding fisheries management to more fully encompass terrestrial and human systems; promoting receptiveness to novel research/management ideas; actively predicting, monitoring, and planning for future stressors; and enhancing fisheries’ social–ecological resilience.
FDG PET/CT as a diagnostic and prognostic tool for the evaluation of marginal zone lymphoma
Authors: Vaxman Iuliana , Bernstine Hanna , Kleinstern Geffen , Hendin Natav , Shimony Shai , Domachevsky Liran , Gurion Ronit , Groshar David , Raanani Pia , Gafter‐Gvili Anat 
Published: February 2019

AbstractWe evaluated the role of 18‐fluoro‐2‐deoxy‐d‐glucose positron emission tomography ([18F] FDG‐PET) with computed tomography (CT) (PET/CT) as a diagnostic and prognostic tool in newly diagnosed marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) patients.This is a retrospective cohort study of patients with newly diagnosed MZL, treated with immunotherapy, chemotherapy regimens, surgery, or Helicobacter pylori eradication between 2008 and 2016 in a single tertiary center. Only patients who had a pretreatment PET/CT (P‐PET/CT) were included. P‐PET/CT, interim (I‐PET/CT), and end‐of‐treatment PET/CT (E‐PET/CT) studies were reviewed. P‐PET/CT results were reported using two methods of evaluation, qualitative and semi quantitative: visual assessment (VAS) and maximal standardized uptake value (SUVmax), and I‐PET and E‐PET results were reported by Deauville 5‐point score (DS) evaluation as well. Avidity of PET/CT was defined as abnormal uptake in any of these methods. The primary outcome was the prognostic role of P‐PET/CT, I‐PET/CT, and E‐PET/CT on progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).Data of 196 patients with MZL were identified, 110 of which had P‐PET/CT and were included in this analysis. Median age was 67 years (range 18‐93). The median follow‐up period was 63 months (range 3‐278). The median OS and PFS for the whole cohort were 63 (interquartile range 39‐85) and 60 (interquartile range 37‐76) months, respectively. The avidity of PET at baseline for the whole cohort was 70% (77/110 patients), for MALT lymphoma, 62.5% (40/64 patients), for NMZL, 76.4% (13/17 patients), and for SMZL, 82.7% (24/29 patients). When adjusted for IPI, sex, and comorbidities, positive E‐PET/CT was associated with reduced PFS with a hazard ratio (HR) of 3.4 (95% CI, 1.27‐9.14, P = 0.02). Positive E‐PET/CT did not correlate with OS. However, there were only three events. P‐PET/CT was not predictive of PFS or OS. Our study demonstrates that above 70% of MZL are FDG avid. Positive E‐PET/CT is a strong prognostic factor for PFS.
Exploring trade‐offs between staffing levels and turnaround time in a pathology laboratory using discrete event simulation
Authors: Pongjetanapong Kanokporn , Walker Cameron , O'Sullivan Michael , Lovell‐Smith Margaret , Furian Nikolaus 
Published: February 2019

SummaryMany health delivery services have required performance targets. Typically, these targets are presented as percentiles of patients to be seen within specified timeframes. These targets present hospital administrators with a resourcing problem complicated by conflicting objectives: How to minimize costs while maximizing throughput to achieve the performance targets? In this paper, we describe the use of a simulation model to evaluate the effect of changes to staff levels in a cytology department, investigating the trade‐off between staff levels and turnaround times in light of performance targets specified by government.Standard practice for determining staffing levels in a cytology department uses average workload estimates and does not take into account target performance measures, task variability, and the interruptive nature of the workload of pathologists. We develop a simulation model for pathologist workload within a cytology department in New Zealand. We describe the model construction process that follows the hierarchical control conceptual modeling (HCCM) framework. We use the resulting simulation model to examine the trade‐offs between staffing levels (and associated rosters) and task turnaround time.The results indicate that consideration of variation in task arrivals is important when considering the effect of staffing levels on turnaround time. Furthermore, as the cytology department is required to meet performance targets that involve maximum service times for a percentile of patients, such an approach is necessary in order to estimate the performance level of a staffing roster.
Safety and effectiveness of Japanese herbal Kampo medicines for treatment of hyperemesis gravidarum
Authors: Michihata Nobuaki , Shigemi Daisuke , Sasabuchi Yusuke , Matsui Hiroki , Jo Taisuke , Yasunaga Hideo 
Published: February 2019

AbstractObjectivesTo investigate whether Japanese Kampo medicines, including Sho‐hange‐kabukuryou‐to, Touki‐syakuyaku‐san, and Hange‐kouboku‐to, are safe for fetuses, and whether these medicines reduce hospitalizations and medical costs in pregnant women with hyperemesis gravidarum.MethodsWe used the Japan Medical Data Center database to extract data for pregnant women (aged ≥19 years) admitted to obstetric clinics or hospitals for delivery between January 1, 2005, and December 31, 2016. Eligible patients were classified into three groups: Kampo medicines for hyperemesis gravidarum, other medicines for hyperemesis gravidarum, and without hyperemesis gravidarum. Safety outcome measures were neonatal outcomes (congenital anomalies, low birthweight, and preterm birth), and effectiveness measures were mother's unplanned hospitalization for hyperemesis gravidarum and total medical costs within 20 weeks of gestation.ResultsWe identified 121 287 eligible mothers. No significant differences in the safety measures were observed among the groups. The Kampo medication group had a significantly lower proportion of mothers with unplanned hospital admission (odds ratio 0.80, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.69–0.92) and lower total costs (coefficient [US$] 12.8, 95% CI −23.2 to −2.4) than the other medication group.ConclusionKampo medicines may reduce unplanned admissions and medical costs among pregnant women with hyperemesis gravidarum.UMIN Clinical Trials Registry: R000037298 UMIN000032706.
An improved multimodal medical image fusion scheme based on hybrid combination of nonsubsampled contourlet transform and stationary wavelet transform
Authors: Ramlal Sharma Dileepkumar , Sachdeva Jainy , Ahuja Chirag Kamal , Khandelwal Niranjan 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis research proposes an improved hybrid fusion scheme for non‐subsampled contourlet transform (NSCT) and stationary wavelet transform (SWT). Initially, the source images are decomposed into different sub‐bands using NSCT. The locally weighted sum of square of the coefficients based fusion rule with consistency verification is used to fuse the detailed coefficients of NSCT. The SWT is employed to decompose approximation coefficients of NSCT into different sub‐bands. The entropy of square of the coefficients and weighted sum‐modified Laplacian is employed as the fusion rules with SWT. The final output is obtained using inverse NSCT. The proposed research is compared with existing fusion schemes visually and quantitatively. From the visual analysis, it is observed that the proposed scheme retained important complementary information of source images in a better way. From the quantitative comparison, it is seen that this scheme gave improved edge information, clarity, contrast, texture, and brightness in the fused image.
Effects of elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration and temperature on litter decomposition in streams: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Amani Mabano , Graça Manuel A. S. , Ferreira Verónica 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe metabolism of forest streams depends on the decomposition of plant litter of terrestrial origin. In turn, the rate at which litter decomposes depends on litter characteristics, decomposer activity, environmental characteristics, and their interactions. Atmospheric changes, such as increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration ([CO2]) and in temperature, may affect all these variables. Here, we report the results of a meta‐analysis of 41 studies conducted worldwide between 1993 and 2017 on the effects of elevated atmospheric [CO
2], elevated temperature, or both (temperature + [CO
2]) on litter decomposition in streams. Elevated temperature significantly increased litter decomposition rates, whereas elevated [CO
2] and temperature + [CO
2] did not significantly affect litter decomposition rates. The effect of elevated temperature did not depend on the type of study (i.e., laboratory or field study, correlative field or manipulative field study) but in correlative field studies, the temperature effect was stronger over latitudinal than altitudinal gradients. Effects of elevated temperature also did not depend on the type of decomposer community (microbial or microbial and macroinvertebrates) but effects were always significant for total litter decomposition (both microbes and macroinvertebrates involved), whereas microbial‐driven litter decomposition was significantly affected only in manipulative studies. Effects of elevated temperature did not depend on the litter identity, although significant effects were found for some litter genera but not others. In terrestrial ecosystems, the elevated temperature was found to increase litter decomposition rates, whereas elevated [CO
2] decreased litter decomposition rates. Study type (laboratory or field) and litter identity were important moderators of the response of litter decomposition to elevated temperature and [CO
2] in terrestrial ecosystems. These differences between soil and stream ecosystems may be partially due to intrinsic differences (such as moisture that is not limiting in streams) between these ecosystems. In addition, our meta‐analysis is geographically biased with most studies being conducted in Europe. More studies in other parts of the world could allow for a better understanding of the effects of climate warming and [CO
2] increases on litter decomposition, the global carbon cycle, and biochemistry in streams.
Free and open source software as global public goods? What are the distortions and how do we address them?
Authors: Sahay Sundeep 
Published: February 2019

AbstractPromoting software as global public goods (GPGs) is an important element of the development agenda. This strategy is especially relevant for the public health sector in developing countries, where the landscape of past information and communication technology (ICT) initiatives are littered with stories of failures, contributed significantly through the use of proprietary software and associated vendor lock‐ins. This paper examines the GPG characteristics of nonexclusivity and nonrivalry and how these apply to software. Taking these characteristics as normative ideals, which we should strive to achieve in furthering our development agendas, we examine what are the “distortions” to achieve them. Understanding these potential distortions can help in materializing the potential benefits of free and open source software. These arguments are illustrated through the case of trying to implement the open source DHIS2 software in the public health sector in India.
E‐governance in Africa's local governments: Do district assemblies in Ghana optimize the use of websites and social media?
Authors: Asamoah Kwame 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe case study research design was adopted to evaluate websites and social media portals (Facebook and Twitter) of two municipal assemblies in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana. Data were collected through the researcher's interaction with these portals, interviews and focus group discussions with 36 respondents. It was established that these platforms have provided new channels for information sharing between local authorities and citizens. Again, it was also found that it facilitates interaction with local authorities. Nevertheless, it came out that its full deployment has not been realized. Despite favorable demographic characteristics, citizens in the study areas do not make good use of e‐government options to interact with their local government officials. The research explores the challenges and opportunities for the adoption of these e‐government initiatives by metropolitan, municipal, and district assemblies (MMDAs) in Ghana. Key conclusions and policy implications are drawn from the study.
Reconsidering important outcomes of the nonsuicidal self‐injury disorder diagnostic criterion A
Authors: Ammerman Brooke A. , Jacobucci Ross , McCloskey Michael S. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe nonsuicidal self‐injury (NSSI) disorder diagnostic criteria have been the focus of empirical study. However, Criterion A (i.e., required frequency and timeframe) has received relatively limited attention. The current study aimed to examine the relationship between past 12‐month NSSI frequency and eight NSSI behavior features among individuals with past 12‐month and 1‐month NSSI.MethodParticipants were 723 undergraduate students reporting at least 1 past 12‐month NSSI act and completed online questionnaires. Decision trees and structural equation model trees were utilized to examine the relationship between NSSI frequency and behavior features.ResultsResults highlight several potential subgroups: high (i.e., greater than 49 acts), moderate‐to‐high (i.e., 19–48 acts), low‐to‐moderate (i.e., 7–18 acts), and low (i.e., fewer than 6 acts) frequency subgroups.ConclusionsFindings suggest that increasing the NSSI disorder criterion A frequency cutoff or requiring at least one past month NSSI act may better demarcate individuals with more severe NSSI behavior.
Effects of aprotic solvents on the stability of metal‐free superoxide dismutase probed by native electrospray ionization–ion mobility–mass spectrometry
Authors: Zhao Bing , Zhuang Xiaoyu , Bian Xinyu , Pi Zifeng , Liu Shu , Liu Zhiqiang , Song Fengrui 
Published: February 2019

AbstractConsidering that aprotic solvents are often used as cosolvents in investigating the interactions between small molecules and proteins, we assessed the effects of five aprotic solvents represented by dimethylformamide (DMF) on the structure stabilities of metal‐free SOD1 (apo‐SOD1) by native electrospray ionization–ion mobility–mass spectrometry (ESI‐IM‐MS). These aprotic solvents include DMF, 1,3‐dimethyl‐2‐imidazolidinone (DMI), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), acetonitrile (ACN), and tetrahydrofuran (THF). Results indicated that DMI, DMSO, and DMF at low percentage concentration could reduce the average charge and the dimer dissociation of apo‐SOD1. By contrast, ACN and THF at low concentration have no similar effect. DMF was selected as a representative solvent to further investigate the detailed effects on the structure stability of apo‐SOD1 by using collision‐induced dissociation and unfolding. The results reveal that the addition of minimal DMF to an aqueous protein solution can protect against the unfolding and dissociation of dimer, even under destabilizing conditions (such as low pH or high cone voltage). When the different percentage concentrations of DMF were added, the average collision cross section of apo‐SOD1 showed that apo‐SOD1 became compacted when the DMF concentration increased from 0% to 1% and eventually started extending when increased from 1% to 20%. The results indicated that DMF has similar effects to DMSO in native mass spectrometry (MS) and it can also be used as a cosolvent besides DMSO in investigating the stabilities of proteins and the interactions between small molecules and proteins.
Solvent effect on the initial structural dynamics of benzaldehyde in the S3(ππ*) state—Resonance Raman spectroscopic study
Authors: Chen Jia , Jiang Xuelian , Xue Jiadan , Wang Huigang , Zheng Xuming 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe excited‐state structural dynamics of benzaldehyde (BA) after population to the S3(πH‐1πL*) light‐absorbing state were studied using resonance Raman spectroscopy and complete active space self‐consistent field (CASSCF) calculations. The C‐band absorption cross section and the corresponding absolute resonance Raman cross sections in cyclohexane and methanol were simulated using the time‐dependent wave‐packets formalism, respectively. The results indicate that the major structural dynamics of BA and the homogeneous broadening of the absorption spectrum in cyclohexane are similar to those of BA in methanol or acetophenone (AP) in cyclohexane, whereas the inhomogeneous broadening of BA in cyclohexane is significantly different from that in methanol. It is proposed that the initial decay pathway of BA upon the C‐band absorption is mostly towards S3S2 and partly to S3,min. The roles of hydrogen bonding and polar–polar interaction in the spectral broadenings are discussed.
Similar local recurrence but better function with curettage versus resection for bone giant cell tumor and pathological fracture at presentation
Authors: Tsukamoto Shinji , Mavrogenis Andreas F. , Tanzi Piergiuseppe , Leone Giulio , Righi Alberto , Akahane Manabu , Kido Akira , Honoki Kanya , Tanaka Yasuhito , Donati Davide Maria , Errani Costantino 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBackgroundThere are conflicting reports for the outcome of the patients with giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB) and pathological fracture at presentation treated with curettage or resection. This study compared local recurrence, complications, and function after curettage versus resection for these patients.Materials and MethodsWe retrospectively studied the files of 46 patients with histologically confirmed GCTB of the extremities admitted and treated from 1982 to 2015. The median follow‐up was 79.5 months (57.0‐125.5 months). We evaluated local recurrence and type of surgery‐related complications with imaging and function with the Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) score.ResultsOverall local recurrence was 6.5%. There were one patient with curettage and two patients with resection; local recurrence rate was similar between the two procedures but the time to local recurrence was shorter after curettage. MSTS score was significantly better after curettage. Complications occurred in two patients after curettage and in five patients after resection; because of the low number of patients with complications, a statistical comparison was not possible; however, by direct comparison of the numbers, complications were more common after resection compared with curettage.ConclusionCurettage is recommended for GCTB and pathological fracture at presentation because of similar local recurrence but better function compared with resection. The treating physicians should be aware and inform their patients for a shorter time to local recurrence after curettage and for more complications after resection.