bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stannyl Complexes of Rhodium and Iridium: Preparation of Mono‐ and Bis(trihydridestannyl) Derivatives
Authors: Albertin Gabriele , Antoniutti Stefano , Baldan Daniela , Castro Jesús 
Published: November 2018

AbstractMono‐ and bis(trichlorostannyl) complexes [MCl(SnCl3)(η5‐C5Me5){P(OR)3}] (1, 2) and [M(SnCl3)2(η5‐C5Me5){P(OR)3}] (3, 4) (M = Rh, Ir; R = Me, Et) were prepared by allowing chloro compounds MCl2(η5‐C5Me5)[P(OR)3] to react with anhydrous SnCl2 in refluxing 1,2‐dichloroethane. Treatment of trichlorostannyl complexes of iridium 2 and 4 with NaBH4 in ethanol afforded hydride‐trihydridestannyl derivatives [IrH(SnH3)(η5‐C5Me5){P(OR)3}] (5) and bis(trihydridestannyl) [Ir(SnH3)2(η5‐C5Me5){P(OR)3}] (6), the reaction of which with methylpropiolate HC≡CCOOMe led to trivinylstannyl derivatives [IrH{Sn[C(COOMe)=CH2]3}(η5‐C5Me5){P(OMe)3}] (7 a) and [Ir{Sn[CH=C(H)COOMe]3}2(η5‐C5Me5){P(OMe)3}] (8 a). The complexes were characterised spectroscopically (IR and 1H, 31P, 13C, 119Sn NMR) and by X‐ray crystal structure determination of [Ir(SnCl3)2(η5‐C5Me5){P(OMe)3}] (4 a).
NbO2 Electrocatalyst Toward 32% Faradaic Efficiency for N2 Fixation
Authors: Huang Linsong , Wu Jiawen , Han Peng , Al‐Enizi Abdullah M. , Almutairi Tahani M. , Zhang Lijuan , Zheng Gengfeng 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe electrocatalytic N2 reduction reaction (NRR) to produce ammonia is an attractive but highly challenging approach, due to the extreme inertness of N2 molecules and significantly lower N2 concentration compared to the surrounding water molecules. Herein, NbO2 nanoparticles are demonstrated as an efficient NRR electrocatalyst with significantly improved electrochemical performances. Compared to Nb2O5 with a similar crystal structure unit but different linkage, the Nb4+ cation not only provides empty d‐orbitals for strong N2 adsorption, but also a single d‐electron to further enable back donation to activate the NN triple bond. As a result, the NbO2 nanoparticles present an outstanding ammonia production rate of 11.6 µg h−1 mgcat.−1 at −0.65 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) and an excellent electrochemical stability, significantly higher than those of the Nb2O5 nanorods under similar conditions. More importantly, a peak faradaic efficiency of ammonia production of 32% is obtained for NbO2 at −0.60 V versus RHE, which is one of the highest reported NRR faradaic efficiencies to date.
Transient c-Src Suppression During Endodermal Commitment of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Results in Abnormal Profibrotic Cholangiocyte-Like Cells
Authors: Chaudhari Pooja , Tian Lipeng , Kim Amy , Zhu Qingfeng , Anders Robert , Schwarz Kathleen B. , Sharkis Saul , Ye Zhaohui , Jang Yoon-Young 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Directed differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) toward hepatobiliary lineages has been increasingly used as models of human liver development/diseases. As protein kinases are important components of signaling pathways regulating cell fate changes, we sought to define the key molecular mediators regulating human liver development using inhibitors targeting tyrosine kinases during hepatic differentiation of human iPSCs. A library of tyrosine kinase inhibitors was used for initial screening during the multistage differentiation of human iPSCs to hepatic lineage. Among the 80 kinase inhibitors tested, only Src inhibitors suppressed endoderm formation while none had significant effect on later stages of hepatic differentiation. Transient inhibition of c-Src during endodermal induction of human iPSCs reduced endodermal commitment and expression of endodermal markers, including SOX17 and FOXA2, in a dose-dependent manner. Interestingly, the transiently treated cells later developed into profibrogenic cholangiocyte-like cells expressing both cholangiocyte markers, such as CK7 and CK19, and fibrosis markers, including Collagen1 and smooth muscle actin. Further analysis of these cells revealed colocalized expression of collagen and yes-associated protein (YAP; a marker associated with bile duct proliferation/fibrosis) and an increased production of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α. Moreover, treatment with verteporfin, a YAP inhibitor, significantly reduced expression of fibrosis markers. In summary, these results suggest that c-Src has a critical role in cell fate determination during endodermal commitment of human iPSCs, and its alteration in early liver development in human may lead to increased production of abnormal YAP expressing profibrogenic proinflammatory cholangiocytes, similar to those seen in livers of patients with biliary fibrosis. Stem Cells 2019;37:306–317
Renormalised 3-point functions of stress tensors and conserved currents in CFT
Authors: Bzowski Adam , McFadden Paul , Skenderis Kostas 
Published: November 2018

AbstractWe present a complete momentum-space prescription for the renormalisation of tensorial correlators in conformal field theories. Our discussion covers all 3-point functions of stress tensors and conserved currents in arbitrary spacetime dimensions. In dimensions three and four, we give explicit results for the renormalised correlators, the anomalous Ward identities they obey, and the conformal anomalies. For the stress tensor 3-point function in four dimensions, we identify the specific evanescent tensorial structure responsible for the type A Euler anomaly, and show this anomaly has the form of a double copy of the chiral anomaly.
WaveNano: a signal‐level nanopore base‐caller via simultaneous prediction of nucleotide labels and move labels through bi‐directional WaveNets
Authors: Wang Sheng , Li Zhen , Yu Yizhou , Gao Xin 
Published: November 2018

BackgroundThe Oxford MinION nanopore sequencer is the recently appealing third‐generation genome sequencing device that is portable and no larger than a cellphone. Despite the benefits of MinION to sequence ultra‐long reads in real‐time, the high error rate of the existing base‐calling methods, especially indels (insertions and deletions), prevents its use in a variety of applications.MethodsIn this paper, we show that such indel errors are largely due to the segmentation process on the input electrical current signal from MinION. All existing methods conduct segmentation and nucleotide label prediction in a sequential manner, in which the errors accumulated in the first step will irreversibly influence the final base‐calling. We further show that the indel issue can be significantly reduced via accurate labeling of nucleotide and move labels directly from the raw signal, which can then be efficiently learned by a bi‐directional WaveNet model simultaneously through feature sharing. Our bi‐directional WaveNet model with residual blocks and skip connections is able to capture the extremely long dependency in the raw signal. Taking the predicted move as the segmentation guidance, we employ the Viterbi decoding to obtain the final base‐calling results from the smoothed nucleotide probability matrix.ResultsOur proposed base‐caller, WaveNano, achieves good performance on real MinION sequencing data from Lambda phage.ConclusionsThe signal‐level nanopore base‐caller WaveNano can obtain higher base‐calling accuracy, and generate fewer insertions/deletions in the base‐called sequences.
Behavioural and epigenetic effects of paternal exposure to cannabinoids during adolescence on offspring vulnerability to stress
Authors: Ibn Lahmar Andaloussi Zineb , Taghzouti Khalid , Abboussi Oualid 
Published: November 2018

AbstractChronic cannabinoid exposure during adolescence in male rats induces chronic cognitive and emotional impairments. However, the impact of this form of exposure on offspring vulnerability to stress is unknown.The aim of this study was to evaluate the behavioural and epigenetic effects of stress in the offspring of male rats whose fathers were exposed to cannabinoids during adolescence. Male adolescent offspring of Win55,212‐2 (1.2 mg/kg) treated rats were exposed during one week to variable stressors and subjected to behavioural tests of anxiety and episodic‐like memory, followed by an assessment of global DNA methylation and expression of DNA methyltransferases enzymes DNMT1 and DNMT3a mRNA in the prefrontal cortex.Stress exposure induced a significant anxiogenic‐like effect but did not affect the episodic‐like memory in the offspring of Win55,212‐2 exposed fathers in comparison to the offspring of non‐exposed fathers. These behavioural changes were subsequent to a significant increase in global DNA methylation and DNMT1 and DNMTa3 transcription in the prefrontal cortex.These data suggest that the deleterious effect of chronic exposure to cannabinoids during adolescence are not limited to the exposed individuals but may increase the vulnerability to stress‐induced anxiety in the offspring and alter their epigenetic programming.
DERIVING ROBUST BAYESIAN PREMIUMS UNDER BANDS OF PRIOR DISTRIBUTIONS WITH APPLICATIONS
Authors: Sánchez-Sánchez M. , Sordo M.A. , Suárez-Llorens A. , Gómez-Déniz E. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractWe study the propagation of uncertainty from a class of priors introduced by Arias-Nicolás et al. [(2016) Bayesian Analysis, 11(4), 1107–1136] to the premiums (both the collective and the Bayesian), for a wide family of premium principles (specifically, those that preserve the likelihood ratio order). The class under study reflects the prior uncertainty using distortion functions and fulfills some desirable requirements: elicitation is easy, the prior uncertainty can be measured by different metrics, and the range of quantities of interest is easily obtained from the extremal members of the class. We illustrate the methodology with several examples based on different claim counts models.
Evaluation of irregular migration governance in Turkey from a foreign policy perspective
Authors: Gökalp Aras N. Ela , Mencütek Zeynep Şahin 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThis article analyzes the extent to which Turkey’s irregular migration governance has evolved since the 1990s and the most salient factors in that process. Relying on the methods of process tracing and political ethnography, the article demonstrates that, since the early 1990s, Turkey’s irregular migration governance has been driven by the following factors: 1) responses to the European Union’s (EU) attempts to control migration through externalization; 2) Turkey’s national security concerns, which increased with the advent of mass migration from the Middle East; and 3) the increase in the number of irregular migrants on Turkish territory. The Syrian mass migration that began in 2011 gave momentum to the evolution of irregular migration governance in line with the long-term externalization on the part of the EU. Our analysis sheds light on the interconnectedness of irregular and mass migration, as well as on the outcomes of interactions between international politics and national migration governance. Thus, the article provides insights that will prove valuable for migration studies, EU studies, and studies on Turkish foreign policy.
The Roosevelt–Rondon expedition marmosetMico marcai: unveiling the conservation status of a Data Deficient species
Authors: Silva Felipe Ennes , El Bizri Hani Rocha , Gonçalves Jonas da Rosa , Lemos Lísley P. , Costa-Araújo Rodrigo , Lima Ivan J. , Santos Aline Tavares , Santana Marcelo Ismar , Franco Caetano L. B. , Boubli Jean P. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe Roosevelt–Rondon Expedition marmosetMico marcaiwas first collected in 1914 and all information on this primate previously came from three skins brought back by this expedition. As a result,M. marcaiis categorized as Data Deficient on the IUCN Red List. As the presumed range ofM. marcailies on the path of the advancing arc of deforestation in Brazil, the collection of relevant data to assess the conservation status of this Amazonian species is of some urgency. Here we present the first field data on the distribution and population size of, and threats to,M. marcai, to reassess the species’ conservation status. During 2012–2015 we surveyed the species in the Marmelos–Aripuanã interfluve, and estimated its density using distance sampling. We also used spatial predictive modelling to estimate forest loss within the species range under two deforestation scenarios. We found the marmoset in 13 localities and estimated its extent of occurrence to be 31,073 km2. We estimated the species’ density to be 8.31 individuals/km2and extrapolated this to estimate a total population of 258,218 individuals (CI 150,705–441,860). Under a business-as-usual deforestation scenario, c. 10,000 km2of forest, comprising 33% of the species’ range, would be lost in three marmoset generations (c. 18 years), and we, therefore, recommend thatM. marcaibe categorized as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List based on criterion A3c. Other Amazonian marmosets require similar reassessment as their ranges also fall in the path of the arc of deforestation.
A previously unexplored encounter: the English judiciary, carte de visite and photography as a form of mass media
Authors: Moran Leslie J. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractStudies exploring the link between the representation of judges, photography and mass media tend to focus on the appearance of cameras in courtrooms and the reproduction of the resulting photographs in the press at the beginning of the twentieth century. But more than fifty years separate these developments from the birth of photography in the late 1830s. This study examines a previously unexplored encounter between the English judiciary and photography that began in the 1860s. The pictures where known as ‘carte de visite’. They were the first type of photographic image capable of being mass produced. It is a form of photography that, for a period of almost twenty years, attracted a frenzy of interest. Drawing upon a number of archives, including the library of Lincoln's Inn, London's National Portrait Gallery and my own personal collection this paper has two objectives. The first is to examine the carte portraits of senior members of the judiciary that were produced during that time. What appears within the frame of this new form of judicial portraiture? Of particular interest is the impact the chemical and technological developments that come together in carte photographs had on what appears within the frame of portraits. The second objective is to examine the manner in which they were displayed. This engages a commonplace of scholarship on portraiture; the location and mode of display shape the meaning of what lies within the frame of the picture. Carte portraits were produced with a particular display in mind: the album. They were to be viewed not in isolation, but as part of an assemblage of portraits. Few albums survive. Those that do offer a rare opportunity to examine the way carte portraits of judges were used and the meanings they generated through their display. Three albums containing carte portraits of judges will be considered.
Impact of Crustal Rheology on Temperature‐Dependent Viscoelastic Models of Volcano Deformation: Application to Taal Volcano, Philippines
Authors: Morales Rivera A. M. , Amelung F. , Albino F. , Gregg P. M. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractWe use ALOS‐1 interferometric synthetic aperture radar data spanning the period of 2007–2011 to obtain time‐dependent ground deformation data over Taal caldera related to the 2010–2011 volcanic unrest, which did not lead to an eruption. We employ finite element models that account for subsurface thermomechanical properties to test for viscoelastic deformation. We also examine the variability of crustal rheological parameters of the temperature‐dependent Arrhenius formulation for viscosity, to investigate the effects on surface deformation. Deformation at Taal is observed to be time dependent and explained by a linear rate of pressure increase in a shallow magma reservoir at 5‐km depth within a hot and viscoelastic upper crust. The best‐fitting rheological properties of the local setting are consistent with either a felsic or hydrothermally altered uppermost crust. We show the significantly different effects that the variation of rheological parameters has on surface deformation, highlighting the importance of incorporation into future studies of deformation at different volcanic settings.
Retrievals of Riming and Snow Density From Vertically Pointing Doppler Radars
Authors: Mason S. L. , Chiu C. J. , Hogan R. J. , Moisseev D. , Kneifel S. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractRetrievals of ice and snow are made from Ka‐ and W‐band zenith‐pointing Doppler radars at Hyytiälä, Finland, during the snow experiment component of the Biogenic Aerosols: Effects on Clouds and Climate (2014) field campaign. In a novel optimal estimation retrieval, mean Doppler velocity is exploited to retrieve a density factor parameter, which modulates the mass, shape, terminal velocity, and backscatter cross sections of ice particles. In a case study including aggregate snow and graupel we find that snow rate and ensemble mean ice density can be retrieved to within 50% of in situ measurements at the surface using dual‐frequency Doppler radar retrievals. While Doppler measurements are essential to the retrieval of particle density, the dual‐frequency ratio provides a strong constraint on particle size. The retrieved density factor is strongly correlated with liquid water path, indicating that riming is the primary process by which the density factor is modulated. Using liquid water path as a proxy for riming, profiles classified as unrimed snow, rimed snow, and graupel exhibit distinct features characteristic of aggregation and riming processes, suggesting the potential to make estimates of process rates from these retrievals. We discuss the potential application of the technique to future satellite missions.
RDCL three‐phase inverter and load adaptive commutation control
Authors: Chu Enhui , Li Si , Xie Haolin , Qiu Jiaxiong , Zhang Huaguang 
Published: November 2018

To realise a soft‐switching inverter with a simple structure, high‐efficiency and low‐voltage stress, a novel resonant DC‐link three‐phase soft‐switching inverter and its load adaptive commutation control are proposed in this study. Without two bulk capacitors and coupled inductors in the commutation circuit, the analysis and calculation of the inverter are simplified. Main switches of the inverter can achieve zero‐voltage zero‐current turn‐on and pseudo zero‐voltage turn‐off, and commutation switches can achieve pseudo zero‐current turn‐on and pseudo zero‐voltage turn‐off. In addition, compared with the fixed time control, the load adaptive commutation control can dynamically regulate the switching points of commutation switches in each switching period and improve the efficiency of the inverter and the DC‐link voltage utilisation rate. The main switches and commutation switches have the same and fixed switching frequency, and the voltage stress of them is equal to the input DC voltage. The load adaptive commutation control, the soft‐switching resonant process and the design method of inverter resonant parameters are analysed in this study. A 10 kW prototype is designed to verify the feasibility of the inverter.
Star formation in outer rings of S0 galaxies
Authors: Sil’chenko O. , Kostiuk I. , Burenkov A. , Parul H. 
Published: November 2018

Aims.Although S0 galaxies are usually thought to be “red and dead”, they often demonstrate star formation that is organized in ring structures. We try to clarify the nature of this phenomenon and its difference from star formation in spiral galaxies. Two early-type galaxies with outer rings, NGC 6534 and MCG 11-22-015, were selected to be studied.Methods.After inspecting the gas excitation in the rings using the Baldwin–Phillips–Terlevich method, we estimated the star formation rates (SFR) in the two outer rings of our galaxies using several SFR indicators derived from narrow-band photometry in the Hαemission line and archival GALEX ultraviolet images of the galaxies.Results.The ionized gas is excited by young stars in the ring of NGC 6534 and partly by shocks in MCG 11-22-015. The oxygen abundances in the HII regions of the rings are close to solar. The derived SFRs allow us to qualitatively restore star formation histories (SFH) in the rings: in NGC 6534, the SFH has been flat during the last 100–200 Myr, and in MCG 11-22-015, the star formation has started only a few Myr ago. We suggest that the rings in NGC 6534 and MCG 11-22-015 have different natures: the former is a resonant ring supplied with gas perhaps through tidal effects, and the latter has been produced by a satellite accretion. Recent outer gas accretion is implied in both cases.
Biomarkers in Non-Complicated Pregnancy: Insights About Serum Myeloperoxidase and Ultrasensitive C-Reactive Protein
Authors: Kalva-Borato Danielle C. , Ribas Josilaine Tonin , Parabocz Gisele Chibinski , Borba Luciana Maria , Maciel Margarete Aparecida Salina , Santos Fabio André dos , Vellosa José Carlos Rebuglio 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Introduction Pregnancy is characterized by increased innate immune response, with low-grade systemic inflammation. The specific role of MPO during normal pregnancy remains not well understood. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate plasma levels of MPO, hs-CRP, total leukocyte, absolute neutrophil and monocyte counts, in all trimesters of normal human pregnancy compared with non-pregnant controls. In addition, possible fluctuations of MPO according to different inflammatory conditions in the normal gestation were studied.
Materials and methods Case-control study (n=84) developed with 63 normal pregnant women and 21 healthy non-pregnant women. Total leukocyte, absolute neutrophils and absolute monocytes count, hs-CRP and MPO were measured in non-pregnant women and normal human pregnancy. They were evaluated according to the 3 trimesters of pregnancy and systemic low grade inflammatory status, which was identified through increased hs-CRP levels.
Results MPO levels in the normal pregnant women were not elevated in every 3 trimesters of pregnancy (P=0.456) or in systemic inflammation (P=0.446). The hs-CRP levels, total leukocyte, absolute neutrophil and monocyte counts are present in higher concentrations in normal pregnant women in relation to non-pregnant women.
Conclusions The MPO did not show fluctuations in plasma levels during the 3 trimesters of gestation or in relation to different inflammation conditions. Considering MPO and hs-CRP levels are changed in high cardiovascular risk conditions and MPO levels (unlike hs-CRP) didn’t increase during non complicated pregnancy, MPO could be a better biomarker than hs-CRP to monitor these patients.
Type 1 diabetic camp: An experience in Mauritius
Authors: Guness Pravesh ,   T1Diams
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe aim of the nongovernmental organization Type 1 diabetes mellitus support (T1Diams) is to empower children, adolescents, and young adults with Type 1 diabetes to optimally manage their medical condition. In the Republic of Mauritius (an Island in the South-West of the Indian Ocean), since 2007, T1Diams has been organizing a yearly diabetic camp of 7-day duration during the winter season for its members and their families. Two age groups are present (0–11 years and 12–25 years). For the first group, the children are accompanied by their parents while the second group comes on their own. During the camp, therapeutic education is carried out. The acquisition of knowledge and self-care skills are ensured through pedagogical diabetes-related games and presentations. Physical activities as well as workshop on carbohydrate counting are also organized. Those activities help the participants acquire and maintain the skills that are sine qua non to live optimally with their disease. During the camp, there are also interventions from professionals (nutritionist, psychologist, social worker, endocrinologist, ophthalmologist, podiatrist, and dentist) so that they get a complete medicosocial follow-up. Self-monitoring of blood glucose and education on insulin injections are done on a regular basis (at least 4 times/day). Tests for glycated hemoglobin and microalbuminuria are performed with all the patients.