bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Xenotransplantation of Human glioblastoma in Zebrafish larvae: in vivo imaging and proliferation assessment
Authors: Vargas-Patron Luis A. , Agudelo-Dueñas Nathalie , Madrid-Wolff Jorge , Venegas Juan A. , González John M. , Forero-Shelton Manu , Akle Veronica 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACT
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most prevalent type of primary brain tumor. Treatment options include maximal surgical resection and drug-radiotherapy combination. However, patient prognosis remains very poor, prompting the search for new models for drug discovery and testing, especially those that allow assessment of in vivo responses to treatment. Zebrafish xenograft models have an enormous potential to study tumor behavior, proliferation and cellular interactions. Here, an in vivo imaging and proliferation assessment method of human GBM xenograft in zebrafish larvae is introduced. Zebrafish larvae microinjected with fluorescently labeled human GBM cells were screened daily using a stereomicroscope and imaged by light sheet fluorescence microscopy (LSFM); volumetric modeling and composite reconstructions were done in single individuals. Larvae containing tumors were enzymatically dissociated, and proliferation of cancer cells was measured using dye dilution by flow cytometry. GBM micro-tumors formed mainly in the zebrafish yolk sac and perivitelline space following injection in the yolk sac, with an engraftment rate of 73%. Daily image analysis suggested cellular division, as micro-tumors progressively grew with differentiated fluorescence intensity signals. Using dye dilution assay by flow cytometry, at least three GBM cells' division cycles were identified. The combination of LSFM and flow cytometry allows assessment of proliferation and tumor growth of human GBM inside zebrafish, making it a useful model to identify effective anti-proliferative agents in a preclinical setting.
Does magnetic resonance imaging improve soft tissue sarcoma contouring for radiotherapy?
Authors: Vickers Alexander John , Thiruthaneeswaran Niluja , Coyle Catherine , Manoharan Prakash , Wylie James , Kershaw Lucy , Choudhury Ananya , Mcwilliam Alan 
Published: May 2019

Objective: Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are a rare, heterogeneous tumour group. Radiotherapy improves local control. CT is used to plan radiotherapy, but has poor soft tissue definition. MRI has superior soft tissue definition. Contour variation amongst oncologists is an important factor in treatment failure. This study is the first to directly compare STS tumour contouring using CT vs MRI. Methods: Planning CT and T2 weighted MR images of eight patients with STS were distributed to four oncologists. Gross tumour volume was contoured on both imaging modalities using in-house software. Images were recontoured 6 weeks later. The mean distance to agreement (DTA), standard deviation of the DTA, dice similarity coefficient (DSC) and contour volume were calculated for each oncologist and compared to a median contour volume. Results for CT and MRI were compared using a pairwise Student's t-test. Results: When comparing MRI to CT, tumour volumes were significantly smaller, with a difference of 21.4 cm3 across all patients (p = 0.008). There was not a statistically significant difference in the mean distance to agreement or dice similarity coefficient, but the standard deviation of the DTA showed a statistically significant improvement ( p = 0.04). For intraobserver variation, there was no statistically significant improvement using MRI vs CT. Conclusion: Oncologists contour smaller tumour volumes using MRI, with reduced interobserver variation. Improving the reliability and consistency of contouring is needed for improved quality assurance. Advances in knowledge: With further experience, the use of MRI in STS radiotherapy planning may reduce variation between oncologists and contribute to improved local control and reduced treatment toxicities.
Serum resistin: A possible link between inflammation, hypertension and coronary artery disease
Authors: Niaz Sobia , Latif Javaria , Hussain Shaista 
Published: May 2019

Background & Objectives: Inflammation is considered as the main triggering factor in evolution of atherosclerotic pathology of heart and blood vessels. Resistin, an inflammatory cytokine is proved to be a main mediator of initiation and progression of mechanisms leading to atherosclerosis, hypertension and ultimately to coronary artery disease. Our objective was to compare the levels of serum resistin, C-reactive protein and total leucocyte count in subjects of hypertension and coronary artery disease; and to observe the correlation of serum resistin with CRP and TLC in the study participants.
Methods: Eighty selected participants were divided into four equal groups including normal healthy participants, newly diagnosed cases of hypertension, stable angina pectoris and myocardial infarction, both with hypertension. The study was conducted in the physiology department of Post Graduate Medical Institute Lahore, during 2013. After consent, history and examination, fasting blood samples of the participants were collected. Serum resistin and C-reactive protein were determined by using standard techniques of enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, while total leukocyte count by automated hematology analyzer.
Results: The values of serum resistin, C- reactive protein and total leukocyte count were found significantly raised in patients of hypertension, angina pectoris and myocardial infarction with hypertension as compared to normal participants (p<0.001 for all). Significantly positive correlation of resistin was observed with TLC only in hypertensive patients of myocardial infarction (r = 0.459, n = 20, p = 0.042) while in other study groups correlation between resistin and TLC as well as CRP was non-significant.
Conclusion: Serum resistin levels along with CRP and TLC are significantly raised in patients of hypertension and coronary artery disease while resistin levels revealed significantly positive correlation with TLC in hypertensive patients of myocardial infarction.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.3.274
How to cite this:Niaz S, Latif J, Hussain S. Serum resistin: A possible link between inflammation, hypertension and coronary artery disease. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(3):641-646. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.3.274
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Case Report: Resolution of chronic urticaria following treatment of odontogenic infection
Authors: Tadros Susan , Bahal Sameer , Nagendran Vasantha 
Published: May 2019

Background: Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is a condition characterised by the presence of hives with/without angioedema, that affects individuals on more days than not for 6 weeks or more. The role of infection as a potential trigger for CSU is well described, but the current clinical guidelines do not recommend routine screening for underlying infections. Main observations: We report a case of severe prolonged chronic spontaneous urticaria in a 19-year-old, that went into rapid remission following the treatment of dental infection. Conclusions: Clinicians should recognise the potential role that infection can have in causing chronic urticaria. There should be a low threshold to treat infection in such circumstances.
Young people in HIV care in Ukraine: a national survey on characteristics and service provision
Authors: Kyselyova Galyna , Martsynovska Violeta , Volokha Alla , Nizova Nataliya , Malyuta Ruslan , Judd Ali , Thorne Claire , Bailey Heather 
Published: May 2019

Background: Ukraine’s perinatally HIV-infected (PHIV) young people are ageing into adolescence/young adulthood and, alongside those with horizontally-acquired HIV infections, require transitional and other support services. We aimed to map this population and policies/service provision at specialist HIV centres, to inform future service development. Methods: A national survey was conducted of 28 HIV/AIDS centres on number, characteristics (age group, HIV acquisition mode) and care setting (paediatric/adult) of 10-24 year olds in HIV care in each of 24 regions in January 2016. Information was collected on policies/service provision at each centre. Results: Of 13,286 young people aged 10-24 years registered for HIV care nationally in Ukraine in January 2016, 1,675 were aged 10-18 years. Three-quarters of ≤19 year olds were PHIV, while 72% of 20-24-year-olds had sexually-acquired infection. Five regions accounted for two-thirds of 10-18 year olds in paediatric and 85% of 19-24 year olds in adult services. In 2015, 97 young people transitioned from paediatric to adult services nationally, typically at 18 years although with flexibility in timing at 17/28 centres. At 27/28 centres, horizontally HIV-infected young people aged <18 years began their HIV care in paediatric services sometimes (5) or always (22). Transition support most commonly consisted of a joint appointment with paediatrician and adult doctor, and support from a psychologist/social worker (both at 24/28 centres). Only 5/28 centres offered routine HIV care during the evening or weekend, and availability of integrated sexual/reproductive health and harm reduction services was uneven. Of 16/28 centres selectively following-up patients who did not attend for care, 15 targeted patients in paediatric services. Conclusions: Heterogeneity in the population and in service availability at the main regional/municipal HIV/AIDS centres has implications for potential structural barriers to HIV care, and development of services for this group.
Managing Policy Reversals: Consequences for Firm Performance
Authors: Blake Daniel J. , Jandhyala Srividya 
Published: May 2019

The recent revival of populism and nationalism across many parts of the world threatens to unravel the market-oriented reforms of the previous era. We examine the impact of the reversal of a previously adopted market-expanding policy on organizational performance. We argue that these policy reversals are contested; affected firms undertake a broad range of political and nonmarket activities to alter the implementation of the policy and buffer themselves from adverse consequences. However, these activities can increase policy uncertainty while making new demands on management, leading to diminished investment and a reallocation of finite managerial resources. The result is that firm performance on operational parameters suffers, including in locations that are not directly affected by the policy reversal. To empirically isolate this effect, we exploit an unexpected policy reversal in the context of telecommunications firms in India. Through an example caselet, we first outline the political and nonmarket activities of one firm affected by the unexpected policy reversal. We then empirically examine the performance of affected and unaffected telecommunication firms using a difference-in-differences approach to provide support for our arguments.The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/stsc.2019.0083 .
Fatigue in inflammatory bowel disease: understanding research needs through an exploratory narrative review
Authors: Radford Shellie Jean 
Published: May 2019

Aims: To summarise the main findings from research on current understanding of fatigue in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Methods: A narrative review of relevant literature corresponding to IBD fatigue was conducted. Results: IBD fatigue is multidimensional and has a complex aetiology. The subjective nature and the lack of a standardised measure of fatigue add to the challenge of developing suitable and effective management methods. Although IBD fatigue is highlighted as a top-five priority research area by N-ECCO, it remains a complex and relatively unexplored area, especially when considering health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and patient experience. Conclusions: Research on the pathogenesis of IBD-related fatigue, effective measurement and its impact on IBD patients will allow the discovery of predictors of severe fatigue that requires clinical intervention, as well as the development of clear treatment pathways and structured support for IBD patients.
Efeito da temperatura na viscosidade aparente de diferentes marcas de requeijão cremoso tradicional e light
Authors: Paiva Ana Raisa , Revillion Jean Philippe Palma , Dias Camila Zimmer , Utpott Michele , Hertz Plinho Franciso 
Published: May 2019

O Requeijão cremoso é um dos tipos de queijo fundido mais consumidos no Brasil. Ele faz parte de preparações quentes e frias em todo país. Tendo por base o efeito da temperatura na viscosidade de lácteos, o presente trabalho se propôs a avaliar o comportamento reológico de 4 marcas de Requeijão comercial em suas versões tradicional e light, em 3 diferentes temperaturas: 10, 25 e 50 °C. Também foi investigada a composição centesimal dos mesmos, no intuito de correlacionar o teor de algum macronutriente e as variações na viscosidade aparente. Os resultados indicam que, em geral, os índices de consistência para requeijões tradicionais foi superior aos seus pares light, excetuando-se as amostras B em 25 °C e A e C em 50 °C. O efeito da variação da temperatura também foi observado, sendo que invariavelmente um aumento de temperatura resultou em uma diminuição no índice para todas as amostras. O efeito da taxa de cisalhamento foi acentuado em taxas altas, permitindo que se observasse uma resistência a deformação maior por parte de amostras tradicionais comparadas a amostras light. Nas condições avaliadas, não foi observada correlação entre semelhanças na composição centesimal e curvas de viscosidade aparente.
Sarcopenia in older patients with osteoarthritis of large joints
Authors: Safonova Yu. A. , Zotkin E. G. 
Published: May 2019

Pathological changes of large joints (knee, hip) in osteoarthritis (OA) are accompanied by the development of muscle weakness, decreased proprioception and imbalance.Objective: assessment of skeletal muscles state in women over 65 years old with OA of large joints and determination of the main factors affecting the risk of sarcopenia.Subjects and methods. In 159 women with OA (mean age 74±6 years), muscle mass was assessed with the appendicular lean mass index (ALM) using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Muscle strength was measured by hand dynamometer, muscle function was determined by the results of a brief set of physical activity tests (short physical performance battery – SPP). The quality of life was analyzed by the EQ-5D questionnaire, pain assessment was carried out using a visual analog scale (VAS).Results and discussion. Patients with sarcopenia were significantly more likely to have lower rates of ALM index (p<0.001), body mass index (p<0.001) and muscle strength (p<0.01). The incidence of sarcopenia increased with age (p<0.01). Muscle function measures are reduced in women with OA, regardless of the presence of sarcopenia. Falls in the previous 12 months before inclusion in the study in patients with sarcopenia were observed significantly more often than without sarcopenia: in 90 and 24.8% of cases (95% CI 78.2–96.7 and 17.0–34.0, respectively p<0.001). Clinically expressed pain in large joints in patients with and without sarcopenia was found with the same frequency. The average value of the EQ-5D index in women with sarcopenia was significantly less than without sarcopenia (0.48±0.22 and 0.74±0.27 respectively), mainly due to a decrease of the usual daily activities (p<0.01). However, in women over 85 years of age, the quality of life was comparable regardless of the presence or absence of sarcopenia.
Hematological manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus in the early stage: association with other symptoms of the disease and possible prognostic value
Authors: Petrov A. V. , Beloglazov V. A. , Shadyro D. V. , Gafarova A. R. , Petrov A. A. 
Published: May 2019

Objective: to assess the relationship between hematological manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in the early stage of the disease and development of other syndromes and symptoms of the disease, as well as the nature and severity of internal organs damage during the subsequent five-year period.Subjects and methods. The analysis of data of examination of 89 patients with SLE during the five-year period was carried out. The frequency of clinical manifestations of SLE, the level of antinuclear and antiphospholipid antibodies, SLICC/ACR damage index (SDI) depending on the presence of hematological manifestations of SLE in the onset of the disease including leukopenia (LP), thrombocytopenia (TP) and autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AGA) were studied.Results and discussion. In the onset of SLE LP was observed in 21.3%, TP – in 26.9%, AGA – in 8.9% of patients. The presence of LP was associated with an increase of antibodies to SSA frequency, and TP – with more frequent detection of antibodies to Ro-52, cardiolipin and β-2-glycoprotein (p<0.05). Patients with TP in the onset of SLE compared with patients without hematological manifestations, had an increase (p<0.05) of the cumulative incidence of nephritis (83.3 and 42.9%), central nervous system lesions (70.8 and 26.5%), vasculitis (45.8 and 10.2%) and Libman-Sachs endocarditis (20.8 and 6.1%, respectively), which was accompanied by an increase of SDI values (median was 2.09 [2, 1.82; 2.21] and 1.12 [0.81; 1.32], p<0.05). In patients with LP, the cumulative incidence of pneumonitis and Sjogren's syndrome was increased in the onset of SLE compared with patients without hematological manifestations (15.8 vs 6.1% and 15.7 vs 2.0%, respectively, p<0.05).Conclusion. Presence of TP in the onset of SLE is a predictor of kidneys, central nervous system, peripheral vessels and heart valves damage during the next 5 years.
The relationship between the efficacy of methotrexate in rheumatoid arthritis and the achieved level of its polyglutamates in erythrocytes (pilot study)
Authors: Gridneva G. I. , Muravyev Yu. V. , Demidova N. V. , Aronova E. S. , Pivanova A. V. , Borisova M. A. , Glukhova S. I. , Starkova A. S. , Savushkina N. M. , Krasnenko S. O. , Nurbaeva K. S. , Baimeeva N. V. , Tyurin I. A. , Lila A. M. 
Published: May 2019

Therapeutic control of the methotrexate (MT) polyglutamates (MTPG) level in erythrocytes can be an objective marker of the effective dose of MT prescribed for rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Objective: to assess the relationship between the level of MTPG in red blood cells and efficacy of the MT dose used by RA patients.Subjects and methods. The study included 60 patients with RA (44 women and 16 men over 18 years) who met the criteria of the American College of Rheumatology and the European League Against Rheumatism (ACR/EULAR) 2010 and received MT ≥20 mg/week subcutaneously for ≥12 weeks. The patients were divided into two groups of comparable age, sex, alcohol intake, number of smokers, body mass index (BMI), depending on the presence (group 1; n=30) or absence (group 2; n=30) of the effect of MT, according to the EULAR efficacy criteria (DAS28). The concentration of MTPG (total MTPG and metabolites of MTPG 1, 2, 3, 4, 5) was determined in erythrocytes by high-performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometric detection.Results and discussion. It was found that the levels of total MTPG and MTPG1, 2, 3, 5 in erythrocytes did not differ in groups of responders and nonresponders, and the dose of MT was comparable in both groups. At the same time, the level of MTPG4 in the first group was significantly higher (26.4±6.1 nmol/l; p=0.023) than in the second one (22.1±6.8 nmol/l). Analysis of the ROC curve showed that the values of MTPG4 <22.5 nmol/l corresponded to the absence of effect of MT. The area under the curve was 0.672 (95% confidence interval 0.536–0.808 (p=0.022), sensitivity 77%, specificity 53.3%.Conclusion. For effective treatment of patients with RA MT dose should provide MTPG4 level in red blood cells ≥22.5 nmol/l.
The Influence of Drying Temperature and Moisture of Corn Seeds Planted on Their Damage
Authors: Bajus Peter , Mraz Miroslav , Rigo Ivan , Findura Pavol , Fürstenzeller Adam , Kielbasa Pawel , Malaga-Tobola Urszula 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Evaluation of harvest and postharvest treatment quality of the grains is affected by usage of appropriate equipment and technology. The grain damage depends on its physical and mechanical features. The corn planting has significant representation in European conditions, mainly for food industry purposes. In the work, we were focused on observing of the drying temperature’s impact on the micro-damage of the seeds. The solution of the issue described in the work is closely related to the preparation and solution of the education project KEGA 039SPU-4/2017, and a scientific research project VEGA 1/0718/17 „Study about the effect of technological parameters of the surface coating in agricultural and forestry techniques for qualitative parameters, safety and environmental acceptability“.
Research Resoults of Grain Shredder by Using Multiplied Method of Evaluation
Authors: Savinykh Petr A. , Isupov Alexey Yu. , Palichyn Andrey , Ivanov Ilaya I. , Romaniuk Wacław , Borek Kinga 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Currently in Russia and other countries in family farms there is a demand for lowering cost of animal production. Main direction to achieve new terchnological solutions characterized by low energy constumption and high efficiency with maintaining high quality of product (mineral). For example, lately in animal production are acquired concentrates with low unity costs. Realising targets releated with lowering costs of forage production with usage comminution and crease of grain. Previously conducted own researches and literature analises shows, that currently used solutions are characterized by big errors made by construction of the devices, and technology effect of obtained product (grain). The paper presents the criteria for optimalization of technical indicators of shredding devices affecting the quality of the product.
Prediction of Pre-Compression Stress of Soil with Uniaxial Test
Authors: Śnieg Kinga , Błażejczak Dariusz 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The paper presents a concept of determination of pre-compression stress. It assumes that the stress value is close to the unit pressure value which is indispensable to increase the initial degree of soil compaction. Thus, an attempt was made to develop an empirical model for predicting the value of stress at which the initial compaction of a soil sample increases by a determined value. Samples with the so-called intact structure (NS) and soil material in the form of loose mass were collected from subsoil, and they were used to form model samples. Both types of samples were uniaxially compressed. For the study, data on moisture and dry bulk density of model samples were used, as well as determined ratios (conversion factors) that present relations between the results of compaction of model samples and samples with the intact structure. It was reported that the pressure necessary for the increase of the initial compaction of the model samples with the value of +0.05 or +0.10 g∙cm−3 were higher than the formation pressure respectively by 1.03-1.11 and 1.42-1.93 times. It was proved that for determination of the pre-compression stress of the NS samples models of linear regression for prediction the pressure needed to increase the initial compaction of the model sample by the value of +0.05 g∙cm−3, combined with a coefficient calculated for the present state of the soil properties, can be applied.