bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Palliative endoscopic drainage of malignant stenosis of biliary confluence: Efficiency of multiple drainage approach to drain a maximum of liver segments
Authors: Caillol Fabrice , Bories Erwan , Zemmour Christophe , Pesenti Christian , Ratone Jean Philippe , Gilabert Marine , Launay Simon , Giovannini Marc 
Published: September 2018

Background and aimMore than 50% of the liver should be drained in case of unresectable hilar liver stenosis; however, it remains unclear if the use of several types of drainage (endoscopic retrograde cholangiography and pancreatography, percutaneous‐biliary drainage, endoscopic ultrasound biliary drainage (EUS‐BD)), allowing better drainage, has an impact on survival. The aim of our study was to evaluate the percentage of liver drained and its correlation on survival whatever the drainage technique used.Patients and methodsThis study was a retrospective analysis of a prospective registry of patients with malignant drainage stenosis of the hilum. The quality of drainage was evaluated based on the percentage of liver segments drained, which was calculated by dividing the number of liver segments drained by the total number of liver segments. Drainage could be achieved via an endoscopic, EUS‐guided or percutaneous route not associated with the procedure.ResultsSixty patients (38 men) were included from January 2015 to July 2016. The mean patient age was 69.84 years. Stenosis was classified as type II for 17 (29%) patients, type III for 20 (34%) patients, and type IV for 22 (37%) patients. Histology revealed cholangiocarcinoma for 26 (43%) patients, metastatic disease from colorectal cancer for 15 (25%) patients and another cancer for 19 (32%) patients. The median survival time was five (2.3–12.3) months.The percentage of liver segments drained had a significant prognostic impact on overall survival regardless of the technique used to drain the liver. The percentage of liver segments drained was dichotomized based on a threshold value of 80%, resulting in two groups (<80% and ≥80%). Univariate analysis of overall survival revealed that the patients with <80% of liver segments drained had significantly worse prognoses (hazard ratio (HR) = 3.25 (1.66–6.36), p < 0.001) than the patients with ≥80% of liver segments drained. This effect was confirmed in multivariate analysis (HR = 2.46 (1.16–5.23), p = 0.02).The other factor that affected survival was invasion of <50% of the liver by the tumor.A receiver operating characteristic curve was used to establish a correlation between patients receiving chemotherapy and the percentage of liver drained (area under the curve = 0.77 (0.65–0.88)).ConclusionThe survival of patients with malignant stenosis of the biliary confluence is highly correlated with the percentage of liver segments drained, regardless of the technique used.
Development and validation of a simple tool for the assessment of home noninvasive ventilation: the S3-NIV questionnaire
Authors: Dupuis-Lozeron Elise , Gex Grégoire , Pasquina Patrick , Bridevaux Pierre-Olivier , Borel Jean-Christian , Soccal Paola M. , Windisch Wolfram , Pépin Jean-Louis , Janssens Jean-Paul , Adler Dan 
Published: September 2018

Patient-centred outcomes are significantly modified by long-term home noninvasive ventilation (NIV), but a short, self-administered, specific tool for routine clinical assessment is lacking. The aim of this study was to develop and validate the S3-NIV questionnaire, a short questionnaire to measure respiratorysymptoms,sleep quality and NIV-relatedside effects.Patients with stable disease who were under long-term home NIV were recruited from three outpatient NIV services. Questionnaire development consisted of a selection of core items for analysis, followed by item reduction, validation and test–retest reliability.338 patients completed a 22-item questionnaire. 11 items were removed because of non-scalability (n=2), redundancy (n=8) and lack of fit (n=1). The final version of the S3-NIV questionnaire consisted of 11 items covering two dimensions: “respiratory symptoms” (Cronbach's α=0.84) and “sleep & NIV-related side effects” (Cronbach's α=0.77). Convergent validity was high between the “respiratory symptoms” subscale of the S3-NIV questionnaire and the St George's Respiratory Questionnaire (rho= −0.76, p<0.001), and between the “sleep & NIV-related side effects” subscale and the Quebec Sleep Questionnaire (rho=0.51, p<0.001). The S3-NIV questionnaire had good test­–retest reliability after 4 weeks (intraclass correlation coefficient=0.72).The S3-NIV questionnaire is a short, valid and repeatable self-completed tool for the routine clinical assessment of patients undergoing home NIV.
Development and clinimetric assessment of a nurse-administered screening tool for movement disorders in psychosis
Authors: Balint Bettina , Killaspy Helen , Marston Louise , Barnes Thomas , Latorre Anna , Joyce Eileen , Clarke Caroline S. , De Micco Rosa , Edwards Mark J. , Erro Roberto , Foltynie Thomas , Hunter Rachael M. , Nolan Fiona , Schrag Anette , Freemantle Nick , Foreshaw Yvonne , Green Nicholas , Bhatia Kailash P. , Martino Davide 
Published: September 2018

BackgroundMovement disorders associated with exposure to antipsychotic drugs are common and stigmatising but underdiagnosed.AimsTo develop and evaluate a new clinical procedure, the ScanMove instrument, for the screening of antipsychotic-associated movement disorders for use by mental health nurses.MethodItem selection and content validity assessment for the ScanMove instrument were conducted by a panel of neurologists, psychiatrists and a mental health nurse, who operationalised a 31-item screening procedure. Interrater reliability was measured on ratings for 30 patients with psychosis from ten mental health nurses evaluating video recordings of the procedure. Criterion and concurrent validity were tested comparing the ScanMove instrument-based rating of 13 mental health nurses for 635 community patients from mental health services with diagnostic judgement of a movement disorder neurologist based on the ScanMove instrument and a reference procedure comprising a selection of commonly used rating scales.ResultsInterreliability analysis showed no systematic difference between raters in their prediction of any antipsychotic-associated movement disorders category. On criterion validity testing, the ScanMove instrument showed good sensitivity for parkinsonism (90%) and hyperkinesia (89%), but not for akathisia (38%), whereas specificity was low for parkinsonism and hyperkinesia, and moderate for akathisia.ConclusionsThe ScanMove instrument demonstrated good feasibility and interrater reliability, and acceptable sensitivity as a mental health nurse-administered screening tool for parkinsonism and hyperkinesia.Declaration of interestNone.
Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Previously Treated With Docetaxel-Based Chemotherapy: Treatment Patterns From the PROXIMA Prospective Registry
Authors: Akaza Hideyuki , Procopio Giuseppe , Pripatnanont Choosak , Facchini Gaetano , Fava Sergio , Wheatley Duncan , Leung Kwong Chuen , Butt Mohammad , Silva Alberto , Castillo Liliana , Karavasilis Vasilios , Ӧzatılgan Ayse , Hitier Simon , Ecstein-Fraisse Evelyne B. , Ӧzgüroḡlu Mustafa 
Published: September 2018

Purpose There is a major clinical need to devise an optimal treatment sequence for the multiple therapy options available for patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). In the absence of prospective clinical trials, sequencing information can be derived from large, real-world registry studies. Patients and Methods PROXIMA (Treatment Patterns in Patients With Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Previously Treated With Docetaxel-Based Chemotherapy) is a large, global, prospective registry study evaluating real-world treatment patterns of patients with mCRPC who experience disease progression during or after docetaxel therapy. Patients were enrolled worldwide between 2011 and 2014. Treatments were determined by the treating physicians and recorded in categories of chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and palliative therapy. Treatment sequencing patterns, response to treatment, and types of progression were recorded and analyzed. Progression-free survival and overall survival with different treatment modalities were analyzed using Kaplan–Meier method. Results Treatment patterns were evaluated in 903 patients. Therapy selection was influenced by region. Hormonal therapy (57.5%) and taxane chemotherapy (26.4%) were the most frequently administered first subsequent treatments after docetaxel. Tumor responses to first subsequent treatment were observed in 22.6% of evaluable patients. Overall survival and progression-free survival did not differ significantly across different treatment modalities. Conclusion Identifying an optimal treatment sequence is vital for improving the care of patients with mCRPC. The PROXIMA registry provided a representative sample of global data on real-world treatment patterns for patients with mCRPC previously treated with docetaxel. These data can be used to devise optimal therapy sequences and inform treatment decisions.
A synthetic biology platform for the reconstitution and mechanistic dissection of LINC complex assembly
Authors: Majumder Sagardip , Willey Patrick T. , DeNies Maxwell S. , Liu Allen P. , Luxton G. W. Gant 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACT
The linker of nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton (LINC) is a conserved nuclear envelope-spanning molecular bridge that is responsible for the mechanical integration of the nucleus with the cytoskeleton. LINC complexes are formed by a transluminal interaction between the outer and inner nuclear membrane KASH and SUN proteins, respectively. Despite recent structural insights, our mechanistic understanding of LINC complex assembly remains limited by the lack of an experimental system for its in vitro reconstitution and manipulation. Here, we describe artificial nuclear membranes (ANMs) as a synthetic biology platform based on mammalian cell-free expression for the rapid reconstitution of SUN proteins in supported lipid bilayers. We demonstrate that SUN1 and SUN2 are oriented in ANMs with solvent-exposed C-terminal KASH-binding SUN domains. We also find that SUN2 possesses a single transmembrane domain, while SUN1 possesses three. Finally, SUN protein-containing ANMs bind synthetic KASH peptides, thereby reconstituting the LINC complex core. This work represents the first in vitro reconstitution of KASH-binding SUN proteins in supported lipid bilayers using cell-free expression, which will be invaluable for testing proposed models of LINC complex assembly and its regulation.
ODF2 maintains centrosome cohesion by restricting β-catenin accumulation
Authors: Yang Kefei , Tylkowski Marco Andreas , Hüber Daniela , Contreras Constanza Tapia , Hoyer-Fender Sigrid 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACT
The centrosome, as the main microtubule-organizing center, safeguards chromosome segregation by supporting the bipolar spindle. Centrosome aberrations are causally related to chromosome segregation disorders, both characterizing cancer cells. Thus, a restriction to only having one centrosome per cell and cell cycle-dependent duplication of the centrosome is mandatory. Duplicated centrosomes remain physically connected, in order to function as a single entity, until onset of mitosis when centrosome disjunction is licensed by disassembly of linker proteins and accumulation of β-catenin. The crucial role β-catenin plays in centrosome disjunction inevitably demands for restricting its premature accumulation. ODF2 (also known as cenexin) is an essential centrosomal component, but its relevance for the interphase centrosome has not been elucidated. We show here that ODF2 plays a central role in centrosome cohesion. Depletion of ODF2 induces premature centrosome splitting and formation of tripolar spindles that are likely caused by the observed accumulation of centrosomal β-catenin. Our data collectively indicate that ODF2 restricts β-catenin accumulation at the centrosome, thus preventing premature centrosome disjunction.
Influence of VistaScan image enhancement filters on diagnosis of simulated periapical lesions on intraoral radiographs
Authors: Brasil Danieli Moura , Yamasaki Mayra Cristina , Santaella Gustavo Machado , Guido Maria Carolina Zumstein , Freitas Deborah Queiroz , Haiter-Neto Francisco 
Published: September 2018

Objective: To evaluate whether image enhancement filters of VistaScan system improve the diagnostic accuracy of simulated periapical lesions. Methods: 10 sockets were prepared on bovine ribs to fit a bovine tooth. Bone defects were created and successively enlarged providing four groups (n = 10): Group 0, absence of lesions; Group 1, periapical lesions with 1.6  mm in diameter; Group 2, with 1.8  mm in diameter; and Group 3, with 2.1  mm in diameter. Periapical radiographs were taken using a photostimulable storage phosphor plate and DBSWIN software. VistaScan filters were applied and the images were allocated into seven groups: Nonfiltered, Fine, Caries 1, Caries 2, Endodontic, Periodontal and Noise Reduction. All the 280 images were assessed about the presence or absence of periapical lesions. Pixel intensities standard deviation were compared between nonfiltered and filtered images. Two-Way Analysis of Variance and the post hoc Tukey’s test were used to compare area under the ROC curve, sensitivity and specificity. Results: VistaScan filters showed no significant difference for area under receiver operating characteristic curve (p = 0.124), sensitivity (p = 0.835) and specificity (p = 0.832). Area under receiver operating characteristic curve (p = 0.000) and sensitivity (p = 0.000) in 2.1  mm lesions size were significantly higher than in 1.6  mm and 1.8  mm lesions size. Pixel intensities standard deviation was significantly changed in the filtered images compared to nonfiltered ones (p < 0.01), except for Fine in the bone region (p > 0.05). Conclusion: VistaScan enhancement filters do not influence the diagnostic accuracy of simulated periapical lesions. On the other hand, larger lesions were more frequently detected. The filters change the pixel intensities reducing or intensifying the differences between similar regions.
Immediate dentures part 2: denture construction
Authors: Jogezai Ursala , Laverty Dominic , Walmsley A Damien 
Published: September 2018

Abstract: These two review articles aim to provide a comprehensive summary on immediate dentures. In this second part, the various stages of immediate denture construction are discussed. These include primary and master impressions, jaw registration, wax try-in and fitting the prosthesis. However, it has been explained that each stage may not be carried out in every immediate denture construction case. This paper concludes with a discussion on methods of addition to immediate dentures, if and when further teeth are lost. CPD/Clinical Relevance: Immediate dentures are commonly used to provide patients with tooth replacement immediately following extractions to maintain aesthetics and function. Therefore, they are an integral part of a dentist's armamentarium.
Current concepts for the evaluation and management of diabetic foot ulcers
Authors: Mavrogenis Andreas F. , Megaloikonomos Panayiotis D. , Antoniadou Thekla , Igoumenou Vasilios G. , Panagopoulos Georgios N. , Dimopoulos Leonidas , Moulakakis Konstantinos G. , Sfyroeras George S. , Lazaris Andreas 
Published: September 2018

The lifetime risk for diabetic patients to develop a diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is 25%. In these patients, the risk of amputation is increased and the outcome deteriorates. More than 50% of non-traumatic lower-extremity amputations are related to DFU infections and 85% of all lower-extremity amputations in patients with diabetes are preceded by an ulcer; up to 70% of diabetic patients with a DFU-related amputation die within five years of their amputation. Optimal management of patients with DFUs must include clinical awareness, adequate blood glucose control, periodic foot inspection, custom therapeutic footwear, off-loading in high-risk patients, local wound care, diagnosis and control of osteomyelitis and ischaemia. Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2018;3:513-525. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.3.180010
Common Hormone Therapies Used to Care for Transgender Patients Influence Laboratory Results
Authors: Humble Robert M , Imborek Katherine L , Nisly Nicole , Greene Dina N , Krasowski Matthew D 
Published: September 2018

Abstract

Background
Many laboratory tests are reported and interpreted with sex-specific reference intervals. However, transgender individuals receiving masculinizing or feminizing hormone therapy experience physiological changes predisposing some laboratory tests to shift outside of existing reference intervals. In this study, we review laboratory testing of a large cohort of transgender individuals who were prescribed hormone therapy for at least 6 months at an academic medical center.

Methods
Transgender patients were identified using a search function within the electronic health record with gender identity status verified by chart review. Patients were grouped based on type of hormone therapy administered. All laboratory studies were ordered for medical purposes as part of clinical care; as a result, the exact laboratory tests differed among the patients. Some of the patients had sufficient data for both 6- and 12-month comparisons with baseline laboratory values.

Results
Statistically significant changes were observed at 6- and 12-month comparisons in basic chemistry, endocrine, and hematologic parameters for transgender individuals receiving masculinizing or feminizing hormones. Chart review demonstrated variation in route of administration of hormone therapy and frequency of gender-affirming surgery within the study population.

Conclusions
Transgender individuals receiving hormone therapy experienced significant changes in components of basic chemistry, endocrine, and hematologic parameters following administration of hormone therapy. Variability in hormone dosing and route of administration for gender-affirming treatment warrants further investigation.
Annual net nitrogen mineralization and litter flux in well-drained downy birch, Norway spruce and Scots pine forest ecosystems
Authors: Becker Hardo , Aosaar Jürgen , Varik Mats , Morozov Gunnar , Aun Kristiina , Mander Ülo , Soosaar Kaido , Uri Veiko 
Published: September 2018

The main aim of the current study was to estimate the annual net nitrogen mineralization (NNM) flux in stands of different tree species growing on drained peatlands, as well as to clarify the effect of tree species, soil properties and litter on annual NNM dynamics. Three study sites were set up in May 2014: a downy birch ( Ehrh.) stand and a Norway spruce ( (L.) Karst.) stand in full-drained swamp (ODS) and a Scots pine ( L.) stand in full-drained swamp (MDS). The NNM flux was estimated using the method with incubated polyethylene bags. The highest value of NNM was found in stands that were growing on fertile ODS: 127.5 kg N ha yr and 87.7 kg N ha yr, in the downy birch stand and in the Norway spruce stand, respectively. A significantly lower annual NNM flux (11.8 kg N ha yr) occurred in the Scots pine stand growing in MDS. Nitrification was highest at fertile ODS sites and ammonification was the highest at the low fertility MDS site. For all study sites, positive correlation was found between soil temperature and NNM intensity. The difference in annual NNM between the downy birch stand and the Norway spruce stand growing on similar drained fertile peatlands was due to litter quality. The annual N input into the soil through leaf litter was the highest at the downy birch site where also the C/N ratio of litter was the lowest. The second highest N input into the soil was found in the spruce stand and the lowest in the pine stand.Betula pubescensPicea abiesOxalisPinus sylvestrisMyrtillusin situâ1â1â1â1â1â1
The POLICRYPS liquid-crystalline structure for optical applications
Authors: Caputo Roberto , De Luca Antonio , Strangi Giuseppe , Bartolino Roberto , Umeton Cesare , De Sio Luciano , Veltri Alessandro , Serak Svetlana , Tabiryan Nelson 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
We present a review of polymer-liquid crystal-based devices for optical applications. Starting from a particular fabrication technique, which enables to obtain the POLICRYPS (POlymer LIquid CRYstal Polymer Slices) structure, we illustrate different realizations, along with their working principle and main features and performances. The name POLICRYPS indicates a structure made of parallel slices of pure polymeric material alternated to films of well-aligned nematic liquid crystal (NLC), with a spatial periodicity that can be settled in the range 0.2÷15 μm. Suitably designed samples can be utilized as optical devices with a high efficiency, which can be switched on and off both by applying an electric field of a few V/μm or by irradiating samples with a suitable light beam. In different geometries, POLICRYPS can be specialized to operate as switchable diffraction grating, switchable optical phase modulator, switchable beam splitter, or tunable Bragg filter. The POLICRYPS framework can be also used as a soft matter template for aligning different types of LCs or to create an array of tunable microlasers. Finally, we present a POLICRYPS structure with a polar symmetry of the director alignment, which enables local shaping of light polarization, allowing to convert circularly polarized beams into cylindrical vector beams.
In-situ density estimation by four nondestructive techniques on Norway spruce from built-in wood structures
Authors: Llana Daniel F. , Íñiguez-González Guillermo , Montón Joaquín , Arriaga Francisco 
Published: September 2018

AbstractNeedle penetration resistance (NPR), screw withdrawal resistance (SWR), core drilling (CD) and drilling chips extraction (DCE) are nondestructive and semi-destructive techniques used to estimate density in timber structures. In most of the previous studies, these techniques were tested in clear sawn timber and clear specimens. The goal of the present paper is to study the relationship between density and these techniques by means of five different devices in whole pieces of timber from built-in engineering structures, which are from 12 4.5-m long structural timber joists of Norway spruce from a 19thcentury building in Barcelona (Catalonia, Spain). Although determination coefficients (R2) for density estimation models were lower than those from clear timber, the results obtained confirmed that these four techniques are suitable forin-situdensity estimation of woods in buildings. The best results were obtained by CD (the bigger the bit, the higher the correlation), followed by DCE, and SWR. The worst correlation was found for NPR devices, but the results could be probably improved with more measurements.
Tandem DNAzyme for double digestion: a new tool for circRNA suppression
Authors: Ding Junyao , Zhou Wenhu , Li Xiaojing , Sun Meng , Ding Jingsong , Zhu Qubo 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Circular RNA (circRNA) play a crucial role in many biological processes and have been proved as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in many diseases. Manipulation of their expression is a critical task. In this study, we developed a new strategy for circRNA suppression with DNAzyme. Data showed single-digestion DNAzymes cleaved circRNA efficiently in vitro but not in cell culture. However, tandem DNAzymes for double digestion showed higher cleavage efficacy both in vitro and in cell culture. Functional study demonstrated that double-digestion DNAzymes suppressed the miRNA sponge function of circRNA and changed the proliferation and migration rates of HCC cells.