bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Iterative Invertible Clipping Method for PAPR Reduction in Wireless MC-CDMA Communication Systems
Authors: Merah Hocine , Mesri Mokhtaria , Merrad Yacine , Talbi Larbi 
Published: October 2018

Background & Objective:
One of the disadvantages of Multi-carrier Code Division Multiple
Access (MC-CDMA) system is the high value of Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR). This
paper proposes an approach called Iterative Invertible Clipping Method (IICM) to address the PAPR
for MC-CDMA signal based on wireless communication system characteristics. This is mainly concentrated
in clipping function making use of a polynomial of degree three at the transmitter, and its
inverse at the receiver, to recover the original signal.

Method:
A Fast Fourier Transform (FFT)-based frequency domain filter is employed to reduce the
overall peak regrowth which is supported by measuring the Adjacent Channel Power Ratio (ACPR)
after soft clipping and filtering. This technique is compared with Ragusa method using a polynomial
of degree 5.

Result:
The simulated results of the proposed method showed better performance in terms of PAPR
reduction, Bit Error Rate (BER), and computational complexity requiring two iterations only. The
Complementary Cumulative Complementary Density Function (CCDF) is served to measure and improve
PAPR performance of the system.

Conclusion:
The channel coding process is applied to strengthen the obtained results in the Additive
White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) channel and fading channel (Rayleigh). The High-Power Amplifier
(HPA) is used for validation purposes.
Control Strategy of a Solid State Transformer for the Grid-side Converter
Authors: Jaiswal Rahul , Agarwal Anshul , Agarwal Vineeta , Bossoufi Badre 
Published: October 2018

Background:
This paper presents a decoupled control technique for balancing the power
and voltage through grid side converter using a solid state transformer.

Methods:
Decoupling control is essentially a voltage oriented control technique with the objective of
eliminating cross-coupling elements. Use of this decouple technique, allows bi-directional power
flow control for both active and reactive power, thereby maintaining steady state DC interference
voltage.

Results:
The performance of this scheme is analyzed & the results are obtained from the
Matlab/Simulink model.

Conclusion:
From the above analysis, it can be concluded that the decoupled control strategy can
easily eliminate the cross- coupled element of a solid state transformer for the grid side converter.
DAMPAK AUDIT COMMITTEE CHARACTERISTIC DAN FIRM CHARACTERISTIC TERHADAP MANAJEMEN LABA
Authors: Edi Edi , Michell Michell 
Published: October 2018

<p><em>The purpose of this research was to analyze the impact of audit committee characteristic and firm characteristic on earning management. The dependent variable in this research was audit committee size, audit committee independence, audit committee meeting, audit quality, audit strength, board size, the proportion of independent non-executive directors. This research also has firm size, leverage and cash flow from operating activities as the control variable. The results showed that audit committee meeting, audit quality, leverage and cash flow operating negatively significant toward earning management. The proportion of independent non-executive directors, audit strength and firm size positively significant toward earning management. The variable of audit committee size, audit committee independence, and board size insignificantly effect toward earning management.</em></p><p><strong><em> </em></strong></p><p>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak audit komite karakteristik dan karakteristik perusahaan terhadap manajemen laba pada perusahaan non finansial yang terdaftar di BEI. Variabel dependen dalam penelitian ini adalah <em>discretionary accruals</em>. Variabel independen terdiri dari <em>audit committee size, audit committee independence, audit committee meeting, audit quality, audit strength, board size, proportion of independent nonexecutive directors.</em><em> </em>Penelitian ini juga menggunakan variabel kontrol, yaitu <em>firm size, leverage </em>dan<em> cash flows from operating activities.</em> Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel <em>audit committee meeting, audit quality, leverage </em>dan<em> cash flow operating</em> berpengaruh signifikan negatif terhadap manajemen laba. Variabel <em>proportion of independent non executive directors, audit strength </em>dan<em> firm size</em> berpengaruh signifikan positif terhadap manajemen laba. Variabel <em>audit committee size, audit committee independence </em>dan<em> board size</em> tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap manajemen laba.</p>
LEVETIRACETAM-ASSOCIATED PSYCHOGENIC NON-EPILEPTIC SEIZURES: A HIDDEN PARADOX
Authors: Jabeen Shaik Afshan , Gaddamanugu Padmaja , Cherian Ajith , Mridula Kandadai Rukmini , Kumar Dasari Uday , Meena Angamuttu kanikannan 
Published: October 2018

Objectives
To study the clinical profile and outcome in patients with epilepsy who developed psychogenic non-epileptic
seizures (PNES) associated with levetiracetam (LEV) use.
Methods
In this prospective observational study, conducted over 1 year, 13 patients with epilepsy and PNES, documented by video electroencephalogram (VEEG) while on LEV, were included. Those with past history of psychiatric illnesses were excluded. VEEG, high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging, neuropsychological and psychiatric evaluation were performed. Patients in Group I (07) were treated with psychotherapy, psychiatric medications and immediate withdrawal of LEV while, those in Group II (06) received psychotherapy, anxiolytics and LEV for initial 2 months after which it was stopped. Follow-up period was six months.
Results
Mean (±SD) age of patients was 25 ± 12.28 years; there were 11 (84.62%) females. All were on antiepileptic
agents which included LEV >1000 mg/day, except one. Mean dose of LEV was 1269.23 ± 483.71 mg/day.
Three patient’s scores were suggestive of depression or anxiety; one had both depression and anxiety. Eight
patients had mood disorders; three had a history of emotional abuse or neglect. PNES subsided in all
patients within 1–3 months, only after withdrawal of LEV and did not recur in any after stopping LEV.

Conclusion
LEV can induce PNES in susceptible populations. Awareness of this association is crucial for timely withdrawal of triggering factor and appropriate management. This will reduce inadvertent additional prescription of antiepileptic agents.
Failure rates for stainless steel versus titanium alloy infrazygomatic crest bone screws: A single-center, randomized double-blind clinical trial
Authors: Chang Chris H. , Lin Joshua S. , Roberts W. Eugene 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT

Objectives:
To compare failure rates for stainless steel (SS) and titanium alloy (TiA) bone screws (BSs) placed in the infrazygomatic crest (IZC).

Materials and Methods:
A total of 386 consecutive patients (76 male, 310 female; mean age 24.3 years, range 10.3–59.4 years) received IZC BSs (SS or TiA) via a double-blind, split-mouth design. BSs penetrated attached gingiva (AG) or moveable mucosa (MM) with 5 mm of soft tissue clearance. All BSs were immediately loaded and reactivated monthly with ≤14 oz (397 g or 389 cN) applied directly to the upper archwire bilaterally for 6 months to retract the maxilla to correct Class II or bimaxillary protrusion.

Results:
Of the 772 devices, there were 49 (6.3%) failures: 27 SS (7.0%) and 22 TiA (5.7%). The 1.3% difference was not statistically significant (P = .07). There was no significant relationship between SS or TiA failures relative to (1) right vs left side, (2) unilateral vs bilateral, or (3) age at failure. Significantly (P &lt; .05) increased failure rates were noted for SS screws in only two subgroups: AG site (7.4%) and right side (7.8%). Unilateral failure occurred in 21 patients (5.4%), and bilateral failures occurred in 14 of the total 772 patients (1.8%).

Conclusions:
The overall success rate of 93.7% indicates that both SS and TiA are clinically acceptable for IZC BSs.
DETEKSI FRAUDULENT FINANCIAL REPORTING MENGGUNAKAN ANALISIS FRAUD PENTAGON : STUDI KASUS PADA PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR YANG LISTED DI BEI TAHUN 2014-2016
Authors: Setiawati Erma , Baningrum Ratih Mar 
Published: October 2018

This study aimed to analyze and obtain empirical evidence about the effect of pentagon fraud elements (pressure, opportunity, rationalization, competence, and arrogance) on detected fraudulent financial reporting. This research analyzes the influence of variable pressure proxied by financial stability, financial target, external pressure and personal financial needs, variable opportunity proxied by nature of industry, ineffective monitoring, and, quality of external auditor, variable rationalization proxied by change in auditor, variable arrogance proxied by frequent number of CEO’s pictures.Population of this study manufactured company in Indonesia Stock Exchange during year period 2014-2016 with a total sample 252 manufacture company by using purposive sampling method. Data analysis technique used was logistic regression analysis processed by using program SPSS 23 for Windows. The results of this study show that only the variable financial target have an effect to detected fraudulent financial reporting. This study hasn’t shown that financial stability, external pressure , personal financial needs, nature of industry, ineffective monitoring, quality of external auditor, change in auditor, change of directors, frequent number of CEO’s pictures have an effect to detected fraudulent financial reporting.Keywords: Fraud Pentagon, Fraud Diamond, Fraud Triangle, Fraudulent Financial Reporting, Manufactured Sector Fraud.
Arquitectura de un Dispositivo no Invasivo para el Seguimiento de la Conservación de Alimentos en Empaques Inteligentes
Authors: Ramón Valencia Jairo , Murrugarra Cecilia , Villa Zabala Cristian , Tarazona-Díaz Martha P. 
Published: October 2018

Este estudio está centrado en plantear una arquitectura del hardware de un dispositivo electrónico que sirve para el diagnóstico de la conservación de las carnes envasadas con empaques inteligentes, el grupo de trabajo está conformado por un equipo multidisciplinario que es capaz de realizar la extracción y caracterización de los antioxidantes de la mora, fabricar y caracterizar el gel a partir de almidón o alginato de mora, que es usado en el empaque de alimento de modo que se puede realizar el reconocimiento de los cambios de color del gel y conocer la variación de la composición del gel al estar en contacto con el alimento. Para esta fase fue necesario desarrollar un dispositivo electrónico no invasivo, capaz de leer los cambios del color del gel. Como resultado preliminar se realizaron pruebas de calibración y caracterización de la arquitectura propuesta basada en el sensor conversor de luz a frecuencia TCS 3210/3200. Con esta arquitectura se identificaron los cambios de coloración del gel en un empaque inteligente, para finalmente parametrizar otras variables ambientales que es susceptible a cambios en la variación del pH del empaque inteligente.
Evaluación de tasas de pérdidas y ganancias de c asociadas a las emisiones y absorciones de CO2 en sistemas productivos del Ariari
Authors: Silva Parra Amanda , Orozco Hueje Daniela 
Published: October 2018

El objetivo general de la presente investigación fue evaluar la degradación de la materia orgánica del suelo (MOS) en sistemas productivos (SPs) del Ariari, por efecto de algunos factores de manejo del suelo, uso del suelo (FLU), tiempo de uso, tipo de labranza (FMG) y residuos de cosecha (FI). Se identificaron diferentes SPs en dos zonas del Ariari (Granada y Fuente de Oro), en dos tiempos de uso diferentes, inicial (T0) y final (T0-1). Se realizaron muestreos a 0.30m de profundidad para determinar los Stocks C0 a partir del %C por el método de Walkley & Black, y determinar las tasas de pérdidas y ganancias de C tpgC (tC ha-1año-1), que se calcularon por diferencia entre los Stocks de C0 y C0-1, dividido por la dependencia del tiempo de uso, con el fin de asociarlas a las emisiones y/o absorciones de CO2 (↑↓GEI) a la atmosfera, generar valores por defecto propios de la región, y compararlos con los propuestos por el Panel Intergubernamental de Cambio Climático (IPCC) para zonas tropicales. Se aplicó análisis multivariado de correlaciones, componentes principales y conglomerados. Las tpgC estuvieron altamente correlacionadas con las ↑↓GEI, indicando que en todos los casos los factores FLU, FMG y FI fueron influyentes. Los valores por defecto del IPCC sobreestiman las tpgC. Los dendogramas identificaron a los sistemas de monocultivo y sistemas en rotación como ↑GEI, y a las pasturas y sistemas agroforestales como ↓GEI.
Anàlisis de ganancia en el caso cuasi-degenerado en un material fotorrefractivo
Authors: Barrera Braiyans Miguel , Arias Hernández Néstor Alonso , Molina Prado Martha Lucía 
Published: October 2018

Se resuelven las ecuaciones de onda que describen el acoplamiento cuasi-generado que presentan dos haces en un material fotorrefractivo para registros de alta frecuencia. Las ecuaciones de acoplamiento cuasi-generado de dos haces en un material fotorrefractivo dependen del coeficiente de acoplamiento, el tiempo de respuesta del medio, la frecuencia de los dos haces de entrada, el coeficiente de absorción y la relación de las intensidades a la entrada. A su vez, el tiempo de respuesta del medio está en función de la relación de concentración de impurezas, es decir, la relación entre la densidad del número de impurezas aceptoras (NA) y la densidad del número de impurezas donadoras (ND); del campo de difusión, campo de drift o arrastre y campo de saturación. Un análisis teórico detallado del efecto de estos parámetros (razón de concentración, diferencia de frecuencia de oscilación, constante de acoplamiento, etc) en la ganancia se muestra en este trabajo.
Estimación de la amenaza de inundación a partir de la comparación de caudales máximos en la parte alta del Río Frío en el Municipio de Zipaquirá, Cundinamarca
Authors: Salamanca Urrego Paula Andrea , Ruge Vera María Alejandra , Torres Quintero Jesús Ernesto 
Published: October 2018

Esta investigación tiene como objetivo estimar la amenaza de inundación a partir de la comparación de caudales máximos. El trabajo inicia con la determinación de las características del río, el análisis de la cobertura vegetal, y posteriormente el cálculo de los caudales máximos por Método Racional y el Análisis de Frecuencia Hidrológica, terminando con la determinación de los diferentes niveles de inundación por medio del modelo Manning. El enfoque de la amenaza de inundación se dará a partir modelo Manning, utilizando los caudales máximos para cada periodo de retorno 10-25-100 años. A lo largo del río de estudio se realizaron 21 secciones trasversales, las cuales demostraron después de su procesamiento una alta probabilidad de inundación de las secciones de la 1-10 y poca probabilidad de inundación en las secciones restantes. Cabe resaltar que no se ha realizado ningún estudio hasta el momento para estimar la amenaza de inundación en dicha zona y que es de gran importancia hacerlo pues podría ser un gran aporte para prevenir futuras inundaciones, siendo una herramienta significativa para el POT de Zipaquirá y Tabio, Cundinamarca. Además es una contribución importante para la sostenibilidad de Zipaquirá, según objetivo 11: Ciudades Sostenibles, de los objetivos del Desarrollo Sostenible de la ONU.
INSERCIÓN DEL SISTEMA DE GESTIÓN AMBIENTAL EN EL PROGRAMA DE INGENIERÍA MECÁNICA DE LA UNIVERSIDAD FRANCISCO DE PAULA SANTANDER OCAÑA
Authors: Cabellos Martínez Malka Irina , Arévalo Toscano Jhon 
Published: October 2018

El propósito de este trabajo consiste en realizar una propuesta para la inserción del Sistema de Gestión Ambiental en el programa de Ingeniería Mecánica de La Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander Ocaña, con el fin de identificar los criterios y determinar los parámetros definidos para la aplicación de la responsabilidad social universitaria en el aspecto ambiental desde el plan de estudios. Para tal fin, se implementa una investigación con un enfoque cuantitativo, de tipo descriptivo que permitirá caracterizar para el programa académico a través de analizar la variable ambiental de la responsabilidad social universitaria para obtener una propuesta del Sistema de Gestión Ambiental (SIGA) en el Programa de Ingeniería Mecánica de la Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander Ocaña enfocado al uso eficiente de la energía y cuidado del medio ambiente. El presente trabajo incluye el análisis de la estructura organizada, responsabilidades, planificación de las actividades, prácticas, procedimientos, procesos y los recursos para desarrollar, implantar y mantener al día la política medioambiental de la Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander Ocaña a través del programa de Ingeniería Mecánica. En este sentido, se esperan contar con una caracterización que permita validar el Sistema de Gestión Ambiental, y así consolidar como los Sistemas de Gestión Ambiental deben ser apropiados a la naturaleza e impactos medioambientales de sus actividades, productos y servicios; para que el programa de Ingeniería Mecánica tenga un compromiso de mejora continua y de prevención de la contaminación en un marco adecuado para el establecimiento y revisión de los objetivos y metas medioambientales de la institución.
Evaluation of liver lesions by use of shear wave elastography and computed tomography perfusion imaging after radiofrequency ablation in clinically normal dogs
Authors: Lee Dahae , Park Seungjo , Ang Mary Jasmin C. , Park Jun-Gyu , Yoon Sooa , Kim Cheolhyun , Lee Sang-kwon , Cho Kyoung-oh , Choi Jihye 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate acute changes of the liver by use of shear wave elastography (SWE) and CT perfusion after radiofrequency ablation (RFA).
ANIMALS 7 healthy Beagles.
PROCEDURES RFA was performed on the liver (day 0). Stiffness of the ablation lesion, transitional zone, and normal parenchyma were evaluated by use of SWE, and blood flow, blood volume, and arterial liver perfusion of those regions were evaluated by use of CT perfusion on days 0 and 4. All RFA lesions were histologically examined on day 4.
RESULTS Examination of the SWE color-coded map distinctly revealed stiffness of the liver tissue, which increased from the normal parenchyma to the transitional zone and then to the ablation zone. For CT perfusion, blood flow, blood volume, and arterial liver perfusion decreased from the transitional zone to the normal parenchyma and then to the ablation zone. Tissue stiffness and CT perfusion variables did not differ significantly between days 0 and 4. Histologic examination revealed central diffuse necrosis and peripheral hyperemia with infiltration of lymphoid cells and macrophages.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Coagulation necrosis induced a loss of blood perfusion and caused tissue hardening (stiffness) in the ablation zone. Hyperemic and inflammatory changes of the transitional zone resulted in increased blood perfusion. Acute changes in stiffness and perfusion of liver tissue after RFA could be determined by use of SWE and CT perfusion. These results can be used to predict the clinical efficacy of RFA and to support further studies, including those involving hepatic neoplasia.
Effect of age on the pharmacokinetics and distribution of tulathromycin in interstitial and pulmonary epithelial lining fluid in healthy calves
Authors: Mzyk Danielle A. , Bublitz Claire M. , Hobgood Ginger D. , Martinez Marilyn N. , Smith Geof W. , Baynes Ronald E. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the plasma pharmacokinetics of tulathromycin between 3-week-old (preweaned) and 6-month-old (weaned) calves and to characterize the distribution of tulathromcyin into pulmonary epithelial lining fluid (PELF) and interstitial fluid (ISF) of preweaned and weaned calves following SC administration of a single dose (2.5 mg/kg).
ANIMALS 8 healthy 3-week-old and 8 healthy 6-month-old Holstein steers.
PROCEDURES A jugular catheter and SC ultrafiltration probe were aseptically placed in the neck of each calf before tulathromycin administration. Blood, ISF, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples were collected at predetermined times before and after tulathromycin administration for quantification of drug concentration. A urea dilution method was used to estimate tulathromycin concentration in PELF from that in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Tulathromycin–plasma protein binding was determined by in vitro methods. Plasma pharmacokinetics were determined by a 2-compartment model. Pharmacokinetic parameters and drug concentrations were compared between preweaned and weaned calves.
RESULTS Clearance and volume of distribution per fraction of tulathromycin absorbed were significantly greater for weaned calves than preweaned calves. Tulathromycin–plasma protein binding was significantly greater for weaned calves than preweaned calves. Maximum PELF tulathromycin concentration was significantly greater than the maximum plasma and maximum ISF tulathromycin concentrations in both groups.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results suggested that age affected multiple pharmacokinetic parameters of tulathromycin, likely owing to physiologic changes as calves mature from preruminants to ruminants. Knowledge of those changes may be useful in the development of studies to evaluate potential dose adjustments during treatment of calves with respiratory tract disease.
Comparison of bronchoscopic and nonbronchoscopic bronchoalveolar lavage in healthy cats
Authors: Hooi Kimberly S. , Defarges Alice M. , Sanchez Andrea L. , Nykamp Stephanie G. , Weese J. Scott , Abrams-Ogg Anthony C. G. , Bienzle Dorothee 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) accomplished by use of a bronchoscopic (B-BAL) and a nonbronchoscopic (NB-BAL) technique in healthy cats.
ANIMALS 12 healthy cats.
PROCEDURES Two BALs were performed in a randomized order 2 weeks apart in each cat. Cats were anesthetized, and a 2.9-mm fiberoptic bronchoscope (B-BAL) or 8F red rubber catheter (NB-BAL) was wedged in a bronchus. Two 5-mL aliquots of saline (0.9% NaCl) solution were infused into the left and right caudal lung fields and aspirated manually with a 20-mL syringe. Proportion of BAL fluid (BALF) retrieved, depth of wedging, and anesthetic complications were recorded. Total nucleated cell count, differential cell count, and semiquantitative scores of cytologic slide quality were determined for all BALF samples. Results were compared with ANOVAs and Wilcoxon signed rank tests.
RESULTS Proportion of retrieved BALF and depth of wedging were significantly greater for B-BAL than NB-BAL. Differential cell counts and cytologic slide quality did not differ significantly between techniques. Complications included transient hemoglobin desaturation (24/24 [100%] BALs) and prolonged anesthetic recovery time (4/24 [17%] BALs). Anesthetic recovery scores did not differ significantly between techniques.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results indicated that NB-BAL was noninferior to B-BAL with regard to ease of performance, anesthetic variables, and cytologic slide quality for cats without clinical respiratory tract disease.