bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Un sanctuaire rural du Haut-Empire à Ruitz (Pas-de-Calais)
Authors: Maniez Jérôme , Afonso-Lopes Élisabeth , Chombart Jérémie , Leroya Stéphanie 
Published: July 2018

La réalisation du contournement de Bruay-la-Buissière par la RD 941 a donné lieu à une opération de fouilles archéologiques préventives sur le territoire de la commune de Ruitz. Une surface de 1,3 ha a été décapée et fouillée du 1 er septembre 2009 au 4 décembre 2009 par le Centre départemental d’Archéologie du Pas-de-Calais. Les fouilles ont permis de distinguer trois grandes périodes d’occupation du site s’étalant entre la fin du deuxième Âge du Fer et la période moderne. La période la plus marquante concerne l’implantation, l’occupation et le démantèlement d’un petit sanctuaire dont la durée de fonctionnement semble s’établir sur moins d’un siècle de la seconde moitié du i er s. à la première moitié du ii e s. de notre ère. Il s’agit d’un sanctuaire rural au plan classique : un mur délimite un espace sacré quadrangulaire d’environ 900 m 2 . Dans cet espace se situe le temple à une cella entourée d’une galerie ainsi qu’un petit bâtiment de plan carré. A l’extérieur se trouve un second petit bâtiment de plan carré également. L’ensemble est ensuite probablement démantelé et les matériaux récupérés.
Normal Variation of Photoreceptor Outer Segment Volume With Age, Gender, Refractive Error, and Vitreomacular Adhesion
Authors: Pakdel Amir Reza , Mammo Zaid , Lee Sieun , Forooghian Farzin 
Published: July 2018

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
Thickness and volume changes of the photoreceptor outer segment (PROS) layer on spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) images are associated with various disease states. However, there are limited data on normal anatomical variation. This study evaluates the correlation of PROS volume with age, gender, refractive error, and presence of vitreomacular adhesion (VMA) in healthy subjects.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
SD-OCT scans of 68 normal eyes were analyzed. The ellipsoid zone and the apical retinal pigment epithelium boundary were segmented using an automated algorithm. The PROS volume was calculated as the region bounded by these two layers within a 6-mm diameter circle centered at the fovea. A general linear model was used for statistical analysis.

RESULTS:

PROS volume increased with age to a significant degree (
P
= .013). Gender, refractive error, and presence of VMA were insignificant factors.

CONCLUSION:
PROS volume, as measured on routine SD-OCT, increases with age in healthy subjects, after adjusting for gender, refractive error, and VMA.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2018;49:523–527.]
Functional Interrogation of Primary Human T Cells via CRISPR Genetic Editing
Authors: Chen Xin , Kozhaya Lina , Tastan Cihan , Placek Lindsey , Dogan Mikail , Horne Meghan , Abblett Rebecca , Karhan Ece , Vaeth Martin , Feske Stefan , Unutmaz Derya 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Developing precise and efficient gene editing approaches using CRISPR in primary human T cell subsets would provide an effective tool in decoding their functions. Toward this goal, we used lentiviral CRISPR/Cas9 systems to transduce primary human T cells to stably express the Cas9 gene and guide RNAs that targeted either coding or noncoding regions of genes of interest. We showed that multiple genes (CD4, CD45, CD95) could be simultaneously and stably deleted in naive, memory, effector, or regulatory T cell (Treg) subsets at very high efficiency. Additionally, nuclease-deficient Cas9, associated with a transcriptional activator or repressor, can downregulate or increase expression of genes in T cells. For example, expression of glycoprotein A repetitions predominant (GARP), a gene that is normally and exclusively expressed on activated Tregs, could be induced on non-Treg effector T cells by nuclease-deficient Cas9 fused to transcriptional activators. Further analysis determined that this approach could be used in mapping promoter sequences involved in gene transcription. Through this CRISPR/Cas9–mediated genetic editing we also demonstrated the feasibility of human T cell functional analysis in several examples: 1) CD95 deletion inhibited T cell apoptosis upon reactivation; 2) deletion of ORAI1, a Ca2+ release–activated channel, abolished Ca2+ influx and cytokine secretion, mimicking natural genetic mutations in immune-deficient patients; and 3) transcriptional activation of CD25 or CD127 expression enhanced cytokine signaling by IL-2 or IL-7, respectively. Taken together, application of the CRISPR toolbox to human T cell subsets has important implications for decoding the mechanisms of their functional outputs.
Membrane-Associated Proteinase 3 on Granulocytes and Acute Myeloid Leukemia Inhibits T Cell Proliferation
Authors: Yang Tian-Hui , St. John Lisa S. , Garber Haven R. , Kerros Celine , Ruisaard Kathryn E. , Clise-Dwyer Karen , Alatrash Gheath , Ma Qing , Molldrem Jeffrey J. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Proteinase 3 (P3), a serine protease expressed by myeloid cells, localized within azurophil granules, and also expressed on the cellular membrane of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN), is the target of autoimmunity in granulomatosis with polyangiitis. PR1, an HLA-A2 restricted nonameric peptide derived from P3, has been targeted effectively in myeloid leukemia. We previously showed (Molldrem et al. 2003. J. Clin. Invest. 111: 639–647) that overexpression of P3 in chronic myeloid leukemia induces apoptosis of high-affinity PR1-specific T cells, leading to deletional tolerance and leukemia outgrowth. In this study, we investigated the effect of membrane P3 (mP3)–expressing PMN and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) blasts on the proliferation of CD4 and CD8 T cells in vitro. We demonstrate that mP3-expressing PMN significantly inhibits autologous healthy donor T cell proliferation but does not affect cytokine production in activated T cells and that this effect requires cell proximity and was abrogated by P3 blockade. This inhibition required P3 enzyme activity. However, suppression was not reversed by either the addition of catalase or the inhibition of arginase I. In addition to P3 blockade, anti–low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1) Ab also restored T cells’ capacity to proliferate. Last, we show dose-dependent inhibition of T cell proliferation by mP3-expressing AML blasts. Together, our findings demonstrate a novel mechanism whereby PMN- and AML-associated mP3 inhibits T cell proliferation via direct LRP1 and mP3 interaction, and we identify P3 as a novel target to modulate immunity in myeloid leukemia and autoimmune disease.
A Pilot Study To Investigate the Immune-Modulatory Effects of Fasting in Steroid-Naive Mild Asthmatics
Authors: Han Kim , Nguyen An , Traba Javier , Yao Xianglan , Kaler Maryann , Huffstutler Rebecca D. , Levine Stewart J. , Sack Michael N. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
A fasting mimetic diet blunts inflammation, and intermittent fasting has shown ameliorative effects in obese asthmatics. To examine whether canonical inflammatory pathways linked with asthma are modulated by fasting, we designed a pilot study in mild asthmatic subjects to assess the effect of fasting on the NLRP3 inflammasome, Th2 cell activation, and airway epithelial cell cytokine production. Subjects with documented reversible airway obstruction and stable mild asthma were recruited into this study in which pulmonary function testing (PFT) and PBMCextraction was performed 24 h after fasting, with repeated PFT testing and blood draw 2.5 h after refeeding. PFTs were not changed by a prolonged fast. However, steroid-naive mild asthmatics showed fasting-dependent blunting of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Furthermore, PBMCs from these fasted asthmatics cocultured with human epithelial cells resulted in blunting of house dust mite–induced epithelial cell cytokine production and reduced CD4+ T cell Th2 activation compared with refed samples. This pilot study shows that prolonged fasting blunts the NLRP3 inflammasome and Th2 cell activation in steroid-naive asthmatics as well as diminishes airway epithelial cell cytokine production. This identifies a potential role for nutrient level–dependent regulation of inflammation in asthma. Our findings support the evaluation of this concept in a larger study as well as the potential development of caloric restriction interventions for the treatment of asthma.
Reflections of the West in Gu Cheng’s Life and Poems
Authors: MARGARITO Anna Simona 
Published: July 2018

Gu Cheng (1957–1993), a prominent member of the “Misty Poets”, lived the last part of his life in the West as he was exiled in 1989. So he stayed abroad separeted from his country and people and unable to cope with the western world. Western influences can be seen even in his early production (where we can see similarities with the works of J.H. Fabre) as well as in his last cycle of poems Cheng (City), in which we can find the influence of T.S. Eliot.
Glycerin as a factor for moderating quality changes in table eggs during storage
Authors: Drabik Kamil , Chabroszewska Patrycja , Vasiukov Kostiantyn , Adamczuk Agnieszka , Batkowska Justyna 
Published: July 2018

Abstract. Glycerol, a by-product of biodiesel production, is non-toxic to humans and the environment. With the current increase in the demand for fuels obtained from biomass, the amount of glycerine waste production is increasing. There are many ways to dispose this substance (in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and in chemical industry), but its utilization is still insufficient. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the possibility of limiting quality changes in table eggs during storage by coating the shells with a glycerol solution. The material used in this research consisted of 270 table chicken eggs collected on the same day. On the first day of the experiment, quality traits of 30 eggs were evaluated (initial control group). The remaining 240 eggs were divided into two equal groups: control (eggs that were not subjected to any treatment) and experimental (eggs that were coated with a 5 % aqueous solution of glycerol). The eggs were placed on transport trays and stored at 14 ∘C and 70 % humidity. Quality evaluations were carried out after 14 and 28 days of storage. The depth of the air cell, mass and specific gravity of the egg, the shell characteristics (water vapour conductance, strength, mass, thickness, and density), and the content traits (pH of the albumen and yolk, Haugh units, and colour and weight of the yolk) were evaluated. The results obtained suggest that the use of glycerine may contribute to slowing adverse changes in egg quality during storage by limiting CO2 removal from the egg content, which allows the egg to maintain albumen structure. Due to the fact that glycerine is a safe, cheap, and easy-to-apply substance, its large-scale use in poultry raw material storage seems to be a very real possibility.
Race and Sex in Western Philosophy: Another Answer to the Question “What Does It Mean to Orient Oneself in Thinking?”
Authors: Sandford Stella 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThis article critically extends Kant's 1786 discussion of “orientation in thinking” to ask what it means to “orient oneself in thinking” around the concepts of race and sex, addressed in the context of 1) the central place and historical importance of Kant in Western philosophy; and 2) Kant's theory of race and its relation to his critical philosophy. As presumptions about race and sex are already built into the history of philosophy, taking these concepts as an explicit orientation is not the expression of subjective interests, but a reflection and criticism of some of the objective forces that shape the world and have shaped the history of philosophy. An intellectual orientation around the concepts of race or sex can thus be understood as a critical position in relation to the problematic “historical universality” of these concepts, with the aim of transforming the false universality of biological race thinking, in particular, into the historical universality of critical social analysis.
Out of the Binary and Beyond the Spectrum: Redefining and Reclaiming Native American Race
Authors: Steers-McCrum Alex R. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Race in the United States is most often talked about in terms of black and white, sometimes as a spectrum running from whiteness to blackness. Such a conception does not map onto actual racial structures in the United States and excludes Native Americans. This article will criticize this binary, detailing a theory of race in which colonialism and racism are prior to racial formation, following Patrick Wolfe and Michael Omi and Howard Winant. In assembling this theory, this article attempts to bridge philosophical critical race studies and Native American and Indigenous Peoples studies. It argues that to be a member of a race is to be in a relationship of dominance and resistance with settler colonialism. It discusses the implications of a political mode (following Tommie Shelby) of Native race in greater detail, including how it can be differentiated from ethnicity and tribal identity, and how it might be politically useful in anti-domination solidarity. Finally, the article examines the similarities and differences between Native race as construed here and concepts of being Indigenous, suggesting that what Indigenous is at the global level, Native race may be at the local.
Unconscious Racial Prejudice as Psychological Resistance: A Limitation of the Implicit Bias Model
Authors: Castillo Lori Gallegos de 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Studies have shown that a person can consciously believe that they value racial equality and desire not to perpetuate racial stigmas, but unwittingly exhibit racist attitudes and beliefs. In order to explain this discrepancy between conscious beliefs and behavior, scholars have turned their attention to unconscious racial prejudice. One approach that is gaining wide acceptance is the Implicit Bias Model, which appeals to distinct implicit and explicit cognitive processes, coupled with an account of the ways in which people unconsciously internalize widespread stereotypes and stigmas. This article claims that although the Implicit Bias Model is in many respects useful, it leaves out a central aspect of unconscious racial prejudice: the underlying motivations and incentives for harboring racist attitudes and beliefs, which generate psychological resistances to knowing about or changing prejudices. A more complete account of unconscious racial prejudice can be developed by turning to theories of active ignorance, which contribute to what this article calls the Resistance Model.
The Messiah and the Great Architect: On the Difference Between the Messianic and the Utopian
Authors: Bielik-Robson Agata 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACT
This articles criticizes utopian thinking—but not from the conservative perspective, seeing human society as inherently flawed and unable to progress, morally and politically. It opposes utopia in the name of messianic philosophico-theological heritage, often confused with the utopian strain or overshadowed by it. Today, mostly thanks to Derrida and his own philosophical version of “messianicity” derived from Abrahamic religions, though by no means reducible to them—the messianic idea is undergoing a revival. The article examines this revival as an interesting alternative to utopian thinking: equally optimistic anthropologically and politically, yet free of certain “architectonic” aspirations that Derrida criticizes as too strongly rooted in the “social ontology” and thus defending the political status quo. What Bloch and Derrida propose is a serious investment in the “objective fantasy,” not to be fully actualized but operative as a spectral source of “in-spiration” in the progressive transformation of social laws.
De actualiteit en toekomst van de toepassing van whiplashjurisprudentie buiten whiplashzaken
Authors: Boer S. , van der Roest C. 
Published: July 2018

De actualiteit en toekomst van de toepassing van whiplashjurisprudentie buiten whiplashzaken
Steeds vaker wordt in niet-whiplashzaken een beroep gedaan op de zogenaamde whiplashjurisprudentie. Met een beroep op de redeneringen uit deze jurisprudentie wordt door benadeelden getracht om het bestaan van veelal substraatloze klachten en het (juridisch) causaal verband tussen deze klachten en beperkingen en het incident aan te tonen. Is toepassing van de whiplashjurisprudentie in niet-whiplashzaken gerechtvaardigd, of is daarmee het spreekwoordelijke hek van de dam? Door middel van een analyse van de whiplashjurisprudentie en recente jurisprudentie in niet-whiplashzaken komen de auteurs tot de conclusie dat een juiste toepassing van de zogenoemde causaliteitsregels uit de whiplashjurisprudentie in niet-whiplashzaken tot rechtvaardige uitkomsten leidt, mits men daarbij de hoofdregel en de beginselen van het bewijsrecht niet uit het oog verliest.
Identifying early decline of daily function and its association with physical function in chronic kidney disease: performance-based and self-reported measures
Authors: Chen Hui-Mei , Hsiao Shih-Ming , Kuo Mei-Chuan , Lo Yi-Ching , Huang Mei-Feng , Yeh Yi-Chun , Yen Cheng-Fang , Chen Cheng-Sheng 
Published: July 2018

Objective
To verify self-reported basic and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) with a disability and the results of performance-based tests (namely the Taiwan performance-based IADL (TPIADL), the 2-minute step test (2MST), the 30-second chair-stand test (30-s CST), and handgrip dynamometer measurement) to identify disability early and assess the associations with functional fitness in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Methods
A cross-sectional study of 99 patients with stage 4–5 CKD and 57 healthy elderly adults were recruited. Self-reported measures were used to collect information on basic (Barthel Index) and IADL (Lawton–Brody scale). Objective measures of the TPIADL and functional fitness (2MST, 30-s CST, handgrip dynamometer) were also assessed.

Results
Only IADL, as detected by the TPIADL, were impaired to a greater extent in the CKD patients than those of healthy elderly adults. Among all the patients with CKD, a greater impairment in the TPIADL remained statistically associated with a lower ability in the 2MST. A one step increase in the 2MST score was significantly associated with an improvement of 0.2 s in the total performance time of the TPIADL.

Conclusion
Performance-based measures, such as the TPIADL, may detect a functional limitation before it becomes measurable by traditional self-reported basic and IADL scales; functional limitation is mainly associated with cardiac endurance for advanced CKD.
Postoperative pain management after sinus surgery: a survey of the American Rhinologic Society
Authors: Gray Mingyang L. , Fan Caleb J. , Kappauf Catharine , Kidwai Sarah , Colley Patrick , Iloreta Alfred Marc , Govindaraj Satish 
Published: July 2018

BackgroundPostoperative pain management is controversial as there are no current guidelines to direct clinical practice. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate prescribing patterns for pain management after functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS).MethodsA 15‐item web‐based survey was electronically distributed to 1770 members of the American Rhinologic Society (ARS). Linear regression analysis was used to determine associations between providers and prescribing patterns.ResultsThe survey was completed by 168 members (9.49%), representing all regions of the United States. The most commonly prescribed medications were opioid/non‐opioid combination pills. One hundred fifty‐seven of 168 members (94.05%) prescribed at least one kind of opioid after FESS, with an average of 27.38 pills. The majority of surveyed members worked in private or academic settings. Academic physicians were less likely to prescribe ibuprofen (p = 0.0407), and nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in general (p = 0.032). Physicians in private practice were less likely to refer patients to pain management (p = 0.0117), but more likely to refer patients to nontraditional forms of pain management (p = 0.0164). Academic physicians were more likely to refer patients to pain management (p = 0.00121). There was no association between perception of pain control and the prescription of NSAIDs or with number of opioid pills prescribed.ConclusionMost providers prescribed opioids after FESS. There was no significant difference in the number of opioids prescribed based on geography or practice setting. There was significant heterogeneity in the adjuvant pain management strategy between academic and private practitioners. Most members provided patient education and few reported poor pain control. However, there was a gap in understanding of appropriate medication disposal and evidence‐based postoperative pain management.
Mechanochemical Activation of Zinc and Application to Negishi Cross‐Coupling
Authors: Cao Qun , Howard Joseph L. , Wheatley Emilie , Browne Duncan L. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractA form independent activation of zinc, concomitant generation of organozinc species and engagement in a Negishi cross‐coupling reaction via mechanochemical methods is reported. The reported method exhibits a broad substrate scope for both C(sp3)–C(sp2) and C(sp2)–C(sp2) couplings and is tolerant to many important functional groups. The method may offer broad reaching opportunities for the in situ generation organometallic compounds from base metals and their concomitant engagement in synthetic reactions via mechanochemical methods.
Utilizing Room Temperature Liquid Metals for Mechanically Robust Silicon Anodes in Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Hapuarachchi Sashini N. S. , Nerkar Jawahar Y. , Wasalathilake Kimal C. , Chen Hao , Zhang Shanqing , O'Mullane Anthony P. , Yan Cheng 
Published: July 2018

AbstractSilicon has attracted attention as one of the most promising anode materials for future generation energy storage devices, owing to its high theoretical specific capacity. However, its use has been impeded by significant volume expansion during electrochemical lithiation. In this work we utilise liquid galinstan (68.5 % Ga, 21.5 % In and 10 % Sn) to repair the cracking caused by volume expansion in Si thin film and Si composite electrodes. A bridging mechanism is observed, through which the electrical conductivity can be significantly improved. The composite electrode delivers an initial capacity of 2697 mAh g−1 and reaches a coulombic efficiency ∼100 % after 140 cycles. In addition, nanoindentation tests show that a better mechanical behavior is achieved with increased flexibility. We believe that these results may provide a way to prepare mechanically robust high capacity electrodes.
Design of Heterogeneous Organocatalyst for the Asymmetric Michael Addition of Aldehydes to Maleimides
Authors: Szőllősi György , Kozma Viktória 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAsymmetric Michael additions of isobutyraldehyde to maleimides catalyzed by optically pure diamines and their sulfonamides were investigated to develop heterogeneous chiral catalysts for these reactions. Encouraging results, i. e. complete transformations and optically pure products, were obtained using para‐toluenesulfonamide or methanesulfonamide derivatives. Chiral solid materials were prepared by covalent bonding of the diamines on sulfonyl chloride functionalized supports. Immobilization of the amines was confirmed by FT‐IR spectroscopy. The heterogeneous catalyst prepared by bonding optically pure 1,2‐diphenylethane‐1,2‐diamine to polystyrene support was highly enantioselective, giving results approaching those obtained using soluble sulfonamide derivatives. The anchored catalyst was recyclable few times keeping its activity followed by gradual small decrease in conversion, however, still providing high, up to 97 %, enantiomeric excesses. These materials are among the first efficient recyclable catalysts used in the enantioselective Michael addition of aldehydes to maleimides.