bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Demographic and psychiatric predictors of engagement in psychotherapy services conducted via clinical video telehealth
Authors: Valentine Lisa M , Donofry Shannon D , Sexton Minden B 
Published: September 2018

Introduction Military veterans are at high risk for developing mental health problems. Unfortunately, veterans have relatively low rates of engagement in mental health services compared with non-veterans. In order to address barriers to mental health care services, the Veteran’s Health Administration (VHA) has implemented clinical video telehealth (CVT). Although the effectiveness of this technology appears promising, there is limited research evaluating rates of engagement in CVT mental health services or what factors may predict premature attrition from mental health care delivered via this format. Methods The present study aimed to investigate treatment engagement among veterans enrolled in psychotherapy delivered via CVT, as well as to explore the effects of various demographic and clinical characteristics on these outcomes. Participants were 250 veterans with consults placed to the CVT clinic at a large Midwestern VHA. To evaluate characteristics related to therapy retention, demographic and symptom profile information was gathered from a subset of 93 participants who attended at least one CVT psychotherapy appointment. Results Results indicated there were no significant demographic differences between veterans who attended at least one CVT appointment and those who did not attend at least one session. Demographic variables were not related to the number of CVT visits attended. Regarding psychological characteristics, veterans with anxiety disorders attended fewer CVT appointments overall than veterans with mood disorders and attendance at CVT was negatively correlated with anxiety severity. Discussion These findings have potential implications for providers working in CVT clinics as well as for future research in this area.
Implementing a Program to Share User Experience Data for Medical Devices
Authors: Gaev Jonathan , Tremoulet Patrice D 
Published: September 2018

People who make purchasing decisions about medical technology are often not the ones who will use it. It is challenging to systematically collect and present stakeholder impressions of medical technology and other information relevant to purchasing decisions. We set a goal of collecting and presenting user experience data for 15 different types of healthcare technologies each year. We developed a program to acquire information from clinicians and health technology management personnel using e-mail surveys. We also developed a unique graphical method to present the results. Over 20 categories of medical technologies have been rated (about 200 models) and over 75,000 surveys have been sent out. In this paper, we summarize how we developed our program, share our design goals, our approach to quality control, and some of the lessons we learned.
Central and Peripheral Cues to Difficulty in a Dynamic Task
Authors: Vangsness Lisa , Young Michael E. 
Published: September 2018

Background Subjective workload assessments (e.g., NASA-TLX, SWAT, WP) rely upon judgments of difficulty (JODs) and workload to determine how challenging it is for an operator to complete a task. While it is likely that subjective workload assessments are an aggregate product of many cues to difficulty, including internal feelings of effort, that become available during task completion (Cordes, 1993; Kahneman, 2000), moment-to-moment judgments may evolve as additional external cues become available. That is, JODs are likely based to some degree upon internal (privileged) cues and integral task characteristics (central cues), but are also influenced by peripheral cues that serve as a proxy for task difficulty. These dynamic and multifaceted cues affect the choice to initiate tasks (e.g., Mitchell, 2017), comply with safety procedures (e.g., Sigurdsson, Taylor, & Wirth, 2013), and allocate resources (e.g, Kurzban, Duckworth, Kable, & Meyers, 2013), among other things. Identifying common cues that inform JODs contributes to workload theory and defines avenues for workload intervention. Method We developed a 40-minute videogame task that could be used as a laboratory to test people’s sensitivity to two peripheral cues that are present during many tasks: performance-based feedback and time-on-task. These cues became available as participants completed videogame sessions that were identical in instructions and objective, but differed in the source of their difficulty. Specifically, participants were assigned to one of five conditions in which enemy behavior changed along a continuum with respect to: how quickly enemies moved, how much damage enemies dealt to players, how many shots it took to eliminate an enemy character, how quickly enemies appeared in the level, and how close players could be to enemy characters before being chased. These random changes in task speed, feedback, physical effort, timing, and coordination occurred at the beginning of every level (i.e., block of trials). Participants’ JODs were collected at the beginning of each level and every subsequent three minutes by asking them to indicate whether the task was easier or harder than before. Performance-based feedback Participants began each level with 100 hit points of health and received visual and auditory feedback when they came in contact with an enemy character. Crucially, enemy attacks caused participants to lose hit points; when health dropped below 0, the character died and participants had to wait 30 s before resuming the game from a random location within the game space. Self-reported JODs Participants’ JODs were collected at the beginning of each level and every subsequent three minutes by asking them to indicate whether the task was easier or harder than before (Böckenholt, 2004). The task was paused 3s before and after the pop-up window appeared to reduce the performance costs associated with task interruption (Altmann & Trafton, 2007).
Rifaximin has the potential to prevent complications of cirrhosis
Authors: Flamm Steven L. , Mullen Kevin D. , Heimanson Zeev , Sanyal Arun J. 
Published: September 2018

Background: Cirrhosis-related complications are associated with poor prognosis. With our analyses, we examined the potential benefit of rifaximin in reducing the risk of developing cirrhosis-related complications. Methods: Adults with cirrhosis and hepatic encephalopathy (HE) in remission were randomly assigned to receive rifaximin 550 mg twice daily or placebo for 6 months with concomitant lactulose permitted. Post hoc analyses examined time to cirrhosis-related complications (HE, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP), variceal bleeding, acute kidney injury/hepatorenal syndrome). Subgroup analyses evaluated efficacy for select baseline disease characteristics. Results: Of patients receiving rifaximin ( n = 140) and placebo ( n = 159), 53.6% and 49.1%, respectively, had baseline Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score ⩾ 12 and international normalized ratio (INR) ⩾ 1.2. Baseline ascites was observed in 36.4% (rifaximin) and 34.6% (placebo) of patients. In patients with MELD score ⩾ 12 and INR ⩾ 1.2, rifaximin reduced the relative risk (RR) of any first complication experienced during trial by 59% [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.41, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.25–0.67; p < 0.001] versus placebo. For patients with baseline ascites, rifaximin reduced the RR of any first complication experienced during trial by 42% versus placebo (HR = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.34–1.0; p = 0.045). For some subgroups, there was a decrease in RR of complications of SBP, variceal bleeding, and acute kidney injury/hepatorenal syndrome with rifaximin versus placebo, although there were few events reported in the study. Conclusion: Rifaximin may reduce the incidence of cirrhosis-related complications and the recurrence of overt HE. [ ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00298038.]
Normal Ultrasonographic Parameters of the Posterior Tibial, Peroneal, and Achilles Tendons
Authors: Jackson J. Benjamin , Chu Christopher H. , Williams Kevin A. , Bornemann Paul H. 
Published: September 2018

Tendinopathy of the foot and ankle is common and can lead to pain or functional limitations. The most frequently affected tendons in the foot and ankle are the posterior tibial, peroneal, and Achilles. We used ultrasound to determine normal values for these tendons. From 2015 to 2016, a prospective, standardized bilateral lower extremity ultrasound examination protocol was performed by a musculoskeletal ultrasonographer of the 4 tendons and above and below the malleoli as appropriate. A total of 199 patients with 398 extremities were identified, consented, and participated in the study. Most tendons were normally distributed. The average size of the tendons was as follows: Achilles 5.0 mm (range 2.8-11.2 mm); peroneus long above the malleolus 2.1 mm (range 0.7-3.6 mm), below the malleolus 2.9 mm (range 0.8-6.3 mm); peroneus brevis above the malleolus 1.2 cm (range 0.3-4.0 mm), below the malleolus 1.3 mm (range 0.5-4.8 mm); posterior tibial tendon above the malleoli 3.7 mm (range 1.9-8.1 mm), below the malleolus 4.6 cm (range 1.8-11.8 mm). Standard deviations and distribution curves were similarly calculated for each tendon. This baseline data can assist clinicians in their diagnostic ability with ultrasound. Given its low cost, lack of ionizing radiation and dynamic ability along with an improved understanding of normative data it may become an increasingly used diagnostic modality. Levels of Evidence: Level II: Diagnostic
Hepatitis C virus Infection is Frequently Associated with High Titers of Anti-thyroid Antibodies
Authors: Ploix C. , Veber S. , Chevallier-Queyron P. , Ritter J. , Bousset G. , Monier J.C. , Fabien N. 
Published: September 2018

Objective To assess the implication of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in the development of autoimmune thyroid response, thyroid autoantibodies were studied in serum of HCV positive patients. Methods Anti-microsomal, anti-thyroperoxidase (anti-TPO) and anti-thyroglobulin antibodies were evaluated in the sera of 100 patients with chronic hepatitis C (53 women and 47 men; mean age = 55±5 years). In parallel, thyroid autoantibodies were investigated in blood samples obtained from two separated control groups: age-matched HCV negative-HBV positive patients (25 women, 25 men; mean age= 47±6 years) and healthy blood donors (29 women and 21 men; mean age= 54±8 years). Results Anti-thyroid antibodies were found more frequently in HCV positive women when compared to the men (8/53= 15.1 % vs 0/47= 0%,.p<0.01). The prevalence of these autoantibodies was not statistically different between HCV positive and healthy female blood donors. However the investigation of thyroid autoantibody titers showed significantly higher levels of anti-TPO and anti-microsomal antibodies in HCV positive women in comparison with healthy women controls (respectively 1: 83200 vs 1: 1900 and 834 vs 23, p<0,01). Conclusions This strong association between HCV infection and high levels of anti-thyroid autoantibodies in women outlines the interest of systematic detection of anti-microsomal and/or anti-TPO antibodies in this population.
A systematic review of the comparative pragmatic differences in conversational skills of individuals with autism
Authors: Ying Sng Cheong , Carter Mark , Stephenson Jennifer 
Published: September 2018

Background and aims: Given that problems with social interaction and communication are defining features of autism spectrum disorder, it stands to reason that individuals with autism spectrum disorder have difficulties in conversation. There is a growing body of research on the conversation skills of individuals with autism spectrum disorder, including research conducted to compare these skills to those of typically developing individuals and those with other disabilities. Such comparisons may offer insight into the extent to which conversational skills may be deficient and whether deficits are unique to a particular diagnostic group. Main contribution: This review provides an examination of comparative studies of pragmatic aspects of conversation that included individuals with autism spectrum disorder. Only a small number of consistent findings emerged from the analysis. Groups with autism spectrum disorder find it difficult to stay on topic and provide novel, relevant information. They also tend to perseverate more and initiate and respond less during conversation but, contrary to expectation, similar numbers of turns were offered to partners, and there was little difference in the way communication breakdowns were repaired or clarified. There was a contradictory finding on the use of eye gaze. Conclusions and implications: Some consistent findings were reported but overall, fewer than expected between group differences were found. The fragmented nature of the research and inconsistent operational definitions of variables measured made analysis problematic. Further research and replication of studies is recommended before definitive conclusions can be drawn.
Five-year PFS from the AETHERA trial of brentuximab vedotin for Hodgkin lymphoma at high risk of progression or relapse
Authors: Moskowitz Craig H. , Walewski Jan , Nademanee Auayporn , Masszi Tamas , Agura Edward , Holowiecki Jerzy , Abidi Muneer H. , Chen Andy I. , Stiff Patrick , Viviani Simonetta , Bachanova Veronika , Sureda Anna , McClendon Teresa , Lee Connie , Lisano Julie , Sweetenham John 
Published: September 2018

Key Points
Early consolidation with BV improves 5-year PFS vs best supportive care and reduces the need for subsequent therapy. At 5-year follow-up, BV shows long-term tolerability, with peripheral neuropathy continuing to improve and/or resolve.
Anxiety as a risk factor of Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia
Authors: Becker Eva , Orellana Rios Claudia Lorena , Lahmann Claas , Rücker Gerta , Bauer Joachim , Boeker Martin 
Published: September 2018

BackgroundThe aetiology of dementia is not yet fully understood. Stress can have a damaging effect on brain health. The prognostic effect of anxiety is still unclear regarding Alzheimer's disease as well as vascular dementia.AimsTo explore the association between anxiety and future dementia.MethodMedline, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Web of Science and ALOIS were searched for publications up to 12 January 2018. Longitudinal studies with a follow-up of at least 2 years were included, if the trait or state anxiety had been assessed at baseline. Studies with cognitive impairment at baseline were not included. We used a random effects model to calculate the pooled time to Alzheimer's disease and incidence of vascular dementia.ResultsAnxiety predicts risk of Alzheimer's disease (n = 26 193 out of seven studies, hazard ratio1.53, 95% CI 1.16–2.01, P < 0.01) and vascular dementia (n = 4916 out of two studies, odds ratio1.88, 95% CI 1.05–3.36, P < 0.01). The pooled hazard ratio regarding risk of Alzheimer's disease was still significant when excluding studies with critical risk of bias (n = 14 110 out of six studies, hazard ratio 1.35, 95% CI 1.08–1.70, P < 0.01).ConclusionsAnxiety is a risk factor for both types of dementia. The temporal and functional relation between anxiety and dementia needs investigation in future studies. The protective value of treating anxiety should be explored further.Declaration of interestNone.
Deep brain stimulation and revising the Mental Health Act: the case for intervention-specific safeguards
Authors: Pugh Jonathan , Aziz Tipu , Herring Jonathan , Savulescu Julian 
Published: September 2018

Under the current Mental Health Act of England and Wales, it is lawful to perform deep brain stimulation in the absence of consent and independent approval. We argue against the Care Quality Commission's preferred strategy of addressing this problematic issue, and offer recommendations for deep brain stimulation-specific provisions in a revised Mental Health Act.Declaration of interestT.A. is a paid consultant for Boston Scientific, Medtronic and St. Jude Medical. He has received honoraria from Abbott, Boston and Medtronics and served as consultant to all three.
Child maltreatment and mental health problems in adulthood: birth cohort study
Authors: Kisely Steve , Abajobir Amanuel Alemu , Mills Ryan , Strathearn Lane , Clavarino Alexandra , Najman Jake Moses 
Published: September 2018

BackgroundRetrospective studies have shown a high association between child abuse and subsequent psychiatric morbidity. Prospective studies are rarer.AimsTo examine, using a prospective record-linkage analysis, whether substantiated child maltreatment is associated with adverse psychological outcomes in early adulthood.MethodThe participants were 3778 mother and child pairs enrolled in a population-based birth cohort study in Brisbane, Australia. Exposure to suspected child maltreatment was measured by linkage with state child protection agency data. The primary outcomes were the internalising and externalising scales of the Youth Self-Report and the Centre for Epidemiological Studies-Depression scales (CES-D) at approximately 21 years of age. A subset completed the Composite International Diagnostic Interview-Auto version (CIDI-Auto).ResultsIn total, 171 (4.5%) participants had a history of substantiated child maltreatment, most commonly emotional abuse (n= 91), followed by physical abuse (n= 78), neglect (n= 73) and sexual abuse (n= 54). After adjustment for potential confounders, depressive symptoms on the CES-D, as well as internalising and externalising behaviours were strongly associated with substantiated abuse in all forms, except sexual abuse. The results for the subset of the sample who completed the CIDI-Auto were less clear. Anxiety, especially post-traumatic stress disorder, showed the strongest association whereas the findings for depressive disorder were equivocal. However, across all diagnostic categories, emotional abuse and neglect, as well as multiple forms of abuse, showed a consistent association.ConclusionsChild maltreatment, particularly neglect and emotional abuse, has serious adverse effects on early adult mental health. These two warrant the attention given to other forms of child maltreatment. Children experiencing more than one type of maltreatment are at particular risk.Declaration of interestNone.
Colecta Pública 2017 (Public Collection)
Authors: Saavedra D. Milla 
Published: September 2018

Amount collected: Thanks to the support of all Peruvians, the League Against Cancer managed to raise more than 2,500,000 thousand soles in a record time of 2 days, a historic figure never before achieved by institutions that fight against cancer. Background and context: The League Against Cancer carries out its national public collection every year, a charitable activity of fundraising that invokes the population to donate, during two days, so that the institution can continue carrying out actions of prevention and detection in favor of the people more vulnerable. Despite the high incidence of cancer in Peru (more than 60,000 new cases and 40,000 deaths a year), never before had a crusade unite all Peruvians, in Peru and abroad, in the fight against the disease. To do this, the League Against Cancer created the campaign “La Liga Somos Todos”, to promote the participation of all Peruvians, regardless of the place or country where they were. Aim: Raise 2,000,000 soles in 2 days, so that the institution continues carrying out prevention and cancer detection actions in the less favored population, and thus reduce the high incidence of cancer in Peru. Strategy/Tactics: We involve all media, proposing that they be the main leaders and promoters of this crusade and that each one choose its maximum leader to represent it before public opinion, an action never before done in Peru to raise funds to prevent cancer. We invite the President of the Republic and all his Cabinet of Ministers, in addition to the municipal and regional authorities of the country to join the campaign. For the campaign to transcend the world: we get the collaboration of the embassies and consulates of Peru in the world, as well as communities of Peruvians abroad, getting thousands of Peruvians from five continents to join. We convinced recognized celebrities to be spokespersons for the campaign. A virtual donation platform “The Virtual Can” was created which was inserted in the main Web pages. Costs and returns: More than 100 media nationwide joined and committed to the campaign. More than 1200 ads ran for free that represented a savings of $ 500,000. More than 1060 publications in media that represented a saving of more than US $6,805,583. More than 500 authorities, influencers, media, companies, public and private institutions, joined by spreading content in their social networks. We managed to be a global trend 4 times with the hashtag #LaLigaSomosTodos (#WeAllTheLeague). Thanks to the support of all Peruvians, the League Against Cancer managed to raise more than 2,500,000 soles in a record time of 2 days, a historic figure never before achieved by institutions that fight against cancer. We learned that a communication campaign with clear messages from the beginning, achieved the participation and collaboration of a whole country that seeks to reduce the incidence of cancer. [Figure: see text]