bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hippocampal transcriptome reveals novel targets of FASD pathogenesis
Authors: Lunde‐Young Raine , Ramirez Josue , Naik Vishal , Orzabal Marcus , Lee Jehoon , Konganti Kranti , Hillhouse Andrew , Threadgill David , Ramadoss Jayanth 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIntroductionPrenatal alcohol exposure can contribute to fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD), characterized by a myriad of developmental impairments affecting behavior and cognition. Studies show that many of these functional impairments are associated with the hippocampus, a structure exhibiting exquisite vulnerability to developmental alcohol exposure and critically implicated in learning and memory; however, mechanisms underlying alcohol‐induced hippocampal deficits remain poorly understood. By utilizing a high‐throughput RNA‐sequencing (RNA‐seq) approach to address the neurobiological and molecular basis of prenatal alcohol‐induced hippocampal functional deficits, we hypothesized that chronic binge prenatal alcohol exposure alters gene expression and global molecular pathways in the fetal hippocampus.MethodsTimed‐pregnant Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly assigned to a pair‐fed control (PF) or binge alcohol (ALC) treatment group on gestational day (GD) 4. ALC dams acclimatized from GDs 5–10 with a daily treatment of 4.5 g/kg alcohol and subsequently received 6 g/kg on GDs 11–20. PF dams received a once daily maltose dextrin gavage on GDs 5–20, isocalorically matching ALC counterparts. On GD 21, bilateral hippocampi were dissected, flash frozen, and stored at −80°C. Total RNA was then isolated from homogenized tissues. Samples were normalized to ~4nM and pooled equally. Sequencing was performed by Illumina NextSeq 500 on a 75 cycle, single‐end sequencing run.ResultsRNA‐seq identified 13,388 genes, of these, 76 genes showed a significant difference (p < 0.05, log2 fold change ≥2) in expression between the PF and ALC groups. Forty‐nine genes showed sex‐dependent dysregulation; IPA analysis showed among female offspring, dysregulated pathways included proline and citrulline biosynthesis, whereas in males, xenobiotic metabolism signaling and alaninine biosynthesis etc. were altered.ConclusionWe conclude that chronic binge alcohol exposure during pregnancy dysregulates fetal hippocampal gene expression in a sex‐specific manner. Identification of subtle, transcriptome‐level dysregulation in hippocampal molecular pathways offers potential mechanistic insights underlying FASD pathogenesis.
CD26 expression is attenuated by TGF‐β and SDF‐1 autocrine signaling on stromal myofibroblasts in human breast cancers
Authors: Mezawa Yoshihiro , Daigo Yataro , Takano Atsushi , Miyagi Yohei , Yokose Tomoyuki , Yamashita Toshinari , Morimoto Chikao , Hino Okio , Orimo Akira 
Published: May 2019

AbstractHuman breast carcinoma‐associated fibroblasts (CAFs) increasingly acquire both transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β) and stromal cell‐derived factor‐1 (SDF‐1) signaling in an autocrine fashion during tumor progression. Such signaling mediates activated myofibroblastic and tumor‐promoting properties in these fibroblasts. CD26/dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 is a serine protease that cleaves various chemokines including SDF‐1. Stromal CD26 expression is reportedly undetectable in human skin squamous cell carcinomas. However, whether stromal CD26 expression is also downregulated in human breast cancers and which stromal cells potentially lack CD26 expression remain elusive. To answer these questions, sections prepared from 239 human breast carcinomas were stained with antibodies against CD26 and α‐smooth muscle actin (α‐SMA), a marker for activated myofibroblasts. We found that tumor‐associated stroma involving α‐SMA‐positive myofibroblasts stained negative or negligible for CD26 in 118 out of 193 (61.1%) tumors, whereas noncancerous stromal regions of the breast showed considerable staining for CD26. This decreased stromal CD26 staining in tumors also tends to be associated with poor outcomes for breast cancer patients. Moreover, we demonstrated that CD26 staining is attenuated on stromal myofibroblasts in human breast cancers. Consistently, CD26 expression is significantly downregulated in cultured CAF myofibroblasts extracted from human breast carcinomas as compared to control human mammary fibroblasts. Inhibition of TGF‐β or SDF‐1 signaling in CAFs by shRNA clearly upregulated the CD26 expression. Taken together, these findings indicate that CD26 expression is attenuated by TGF‐β‐ and SDF‐1‐autocrine signaling on stromal myofibroblasts in human mammary carcinomas, and that decreased stromal CD26 expression has potential as a prognostic marker.
TCF19 contributes to cell proliferation of non‐small cell lung cancer by inhibiting FOXO1
Authors: Zhou Zi‐Hao , Chen Gang , Deng Cheng , Tang Ji‐Ming , Xie Liang , Zhou Hai‐Yu , Ye Xiong , Zhang Dong‐Kun , Shi Rui‐Qing , Tian Dan , Qiao Gui‐Bin , Ben Xiao‐Song 
Published: May 2019

AbstractTranscription factor 19 (TCF19) harbors a forkhead association (FHA) domain, a proline‐rich region, a PHD or RING finger region, suggesting that TCF19 possesses a powerful function. However, its expression and function remains unknown in non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The function cluster analysis was carried out using Metascape website. 3‐(4,5‐Dimethyl‐2‐thiazolyl)2,5‐diphenyl‐2H‐tetrazolium bromide (MTT), colony formation, and anchorage‐independent growth ability assay were carried out to detect the effect of TCF19 on cell proliferation. Bromodeoxyuridine (Brdu) labeling and flow cytometry assay were used to evaluate the effect of TCF19 on cell‐cycle progression. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay were performed to investigate the mechanism by which TCF19 is involved in cell‐cycle transition. By analyzing the publicly available dataset, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), we found that TCF19 is significantly increased in the lung adenocarcinoma (LAC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), two primary histological subtype of NSCLC. Besides, further function cluster analysis exhibited that TCF19 may mainly participate in cell cycle. MTT, colony formation, and anchorage‐independent growth ability assay confirmed that overexpression of TCF19 enhances the proliferation of both LAC and SCC cells. Besides, further experiments revealed that TCF19 contributes to cell cycle G1/S transition. Not only that, upregulation of TCF19 can inhibit the expression of p21, p27, and p57, while promote the expression of cyclin D1 by inhibiting FOXO1. Our research offers important evidence that TCF19 can promote cell‐cycle progression of NSCLC cells, and TCF19 may served as novel therapeutic targets.
Kinetics of thermal dewaxing of injection‐molded silicon carbide
Authors: Chinn Richard E. , Enneti Ravi K. , Kate Kunal H. , Atre Sundar V. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractPowder injection molding is a near‐net shape, high‐speed fabrication process that has been studied only lightly with silicon carbide (SiC) as the powder. The addition of nanoparticles to the monomodal powder to form a bimodal powder increases the solid fraction in the feedstock but may also adversely affect other properties. In this paper, the kinetic properties of thermally dewaxed SiC mono‐ and bimodal feedstocks by three models were compared to solvent‐dewaxed SiC and thermally dewaxed powder metal from other studies. The activation energy Ea of pyrolytic dewaxing was graphically estimated by the master dewaxing curve model as ~80 kJ/mol for monomodal and ~60 kJ/mol for bimodal SiC powder size distributions, a little higher than the ~50 kJ/mol by solvent dewaxing of the same compositions. The Ea in the Flynn‐Wall model was 64 kJ/mol for monomodal and 53 kJ/mol for bimodal. The Ea was 49 kJ/mol for monomodal and 42 kJ/mol for bimodal SiC powder by the Kissinger thermal analysis model. The lower Ea of the bimodal feedstock was attributed to its increased nucleation sites. These results provide the basis for dewaxing models—part of the rate‐limiting step in powder injection molding—for SiC powder‐binder systems.
Influence of nonlinear effects on 6.4 Tb/s dual polarization quadrature phase shift keying modulated dense wavelength division multiplexed system
Authors: Kassegne Djima , Singh Simranjit , Ouro‐Djobo S. Sanoussi , Mao Barerem‐Melgueba 
Published: May 2019

SummaryIn this paper, we have proposed a high‐performance transmission system of 32 channels based on dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) through an optical fiber link consisting of 110 km per span. To check the influence of nonlinear effects, we have considered phase modulation (SPM), cross‐phase modulation (XPM), four‐wave mixing (FWM), stimulated Raman scattering (SRS), and self‐steepening (SS) which limits the performance of optical communication systems. In the proposed system, each channel is modulated at 200 Gbps of dual‐polarization quadrature phase shift keying (DP‐QPSK) format, with a 50‐GHz grid yield whole data rate of 6.4 Tbps. The results have proved that the nonlinear phenomena degrade the performance of proposed optical fiber communication systems, and XPM has the most dominant effect, followed by SS, SRS, and SPM. The simulation was carried out with Optisystem 14 which is powerful software for modeling and simulation of optical fiber transmission.
Linseed Oil‐Based Thermosets by Aza‐Michael Polymerization
Authors: Ecochard Yvan , Auvergne Rémi , Boutevin Bernard , Caillol Sylvain 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAza‐Michael addition on acrylated linseed oil (AELO) is performed to synthetize biobased bulk thermosets without any catalyst. First, acrylation of epoxidized linseed oil (ELO) allows to obtain acrylate functions with vicinal hydroxyl groups which enhance the reactivity of acrylates. The autocatalytic effect of hydroxyl groups on acrylate monomers is highlighted by kinetic studies monitored by NMR and FTIR analyses on model molecules. Then, Priamine 1071, amine terminated poly(propyleneoxide) (PPO) and meta‐xylylenediamine (MXDA) are used as cross‐linkers with AELO. Curing kinetics are studied by DSC analyses to compare the reactivity of these structures. Priamine 1071 shows the highest reactivity; curing at room temperature is performed and high conversion is reached. Two enthalpies are observed with MXDA and only one at high temperature for PPO‐based materials. Thermosets with a large range of mechanical properties are finally obtained from soft materials with PPO‐diamine to hard materials with MXDA.Practical Applications: Thermosets are obtained by curing AELO with various diamines via aza‐Michael reaction. Model reaction allows to demonstrate catalytic effect of hydroxyl groups on Aza‐Michael reaction of acrylated oil with amines. Hence, linseed oil is a promising resource in terms of sustainable development in polymer science.
Avidin and Glucose Oxidase‐non‐covalently Functionalized Multi‐walled Carbon Nanotubes: A New Analytical Tool for Building a Bienzymatic Glucose Biosensor
Authors: Gallay Pablo A. , Rubianes María D. , Gutierrez Fabiana A. , Rivas Gustavo A. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractWe report an innovative supramolecular architecture for bienzymatic glucose biosensing based on the non‐covalently functionalization of multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with two proteins, glucose oxidase (GOx) (to recognize glucose) and avidin (to allow the specific anchoring of biotinylated horseradish peroxidase (b‐HRP)). The optimum functionalization was obtained by sonicating for 10 min 0.50 mg mL−1 MWCNTs in a solution of 2.00 mg mL−1 GOx+1.00 mg mL−1avidin prepared in 50 : 50 v/v ethanol/water. The sensitivity to glucose for glassy carbon electrodes (GCE) modified with MWCNTs‐GOx‐avidin dispersion and b‐HRP (GCE/MWCNTs‐GOx‐avidin/b‐HRP), obtained from amperometric experiments performed at −0.100 V in the presence of 5.0×10−4 M hydroquinone, was (4.8±0.3) μA mM−1 (r2=0.9986) and the detection limit was 1.2 μM. The reproducibility for 5 electrodes using the same MWCNTs/GOx‐avidin dispersion was 4.0 %, while the reproducibility for 3 different dispersions and 9 electrodes was 6.0 %. The GCE/MWCNT‐GOx‐avidin/b‐HRP was successfully used for the quantification of glucose in a pharmaceutical product and milk.
Direct and Fast Electrochemical Determination of Catechin in Tea Extracts using SWCNT‐Subphthalocyanine Hybrid Material
Authors: Şenocak Ahmet , Basova Tamara , Demirbas Erhan , Durmuş Mahmut 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIn this study, single walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) were covalently functionalized by terminal ethynyl bearing subphthalocyanine (SubPc) to obtain a new hybrid material, viz. SWCNT‐SubPc (CS), via “click” reaction for the first time. The structural characterization and study of the electrochemical sensor properties of the CS hybrid material to catechin were carried out. A convenient and fast analytical method was offered for the determination of catechin. It was shown that the deposition of CS on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) led to a 2.2 and 8‐fold increase in the differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) responses to catechin in Britton‐Robinson (BR) buffer solution (a pH of 3) in comparison with SWCNT‐modified and bare GCE, respectively. The dynamic range, detection and quantification limits of catechin were determined to be 0.1–1.5 μM, 13 nM and 43 nM, respectively. Selectivity of the suggested CS/GCE sensor was investigated on addition of a number of interfering metal ions, antioxidants and biomolecules. The applicability of the modified electrode for the detection of catechin in real tea samples such as green, rosehip fruit, Turkish and Indian black tea was demonstrated with the standard addition method. Along with the ease in fabrication and low prices, the proposed CS/GCE sensor was reproducible, selective, stable and sensitive to catechin in major types of tea samples.
CE‐SDS method development, validation, and best practice—An overview
Authors: Sänger–van de Griend Cari E. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractCE‐SDS has been implemented in the biopharmaceutical industry and is being used for the characterization of therapeutic proteins in most Biological License Applications currently submitted. An overview is presented on the separation mechanism, methodology, and good working practices/best practices. The CE‐SDS platform method development and validation are discussed and typical scientifically and regulatory issues and troubleshooting situations are highlighted.
A medical monitoring scheme and health‐medical service composition model in cloud‐based IoT platform
Authors: Asghari Parvaneh , Rahmani Amir Masoud , Haj Seyyed Javadi Hamid 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAdvanced technologies such as internet of things (IoT) and clouds have significantly influenced on modern medical monitoring systems. Analytical statistics derived from massive patients' medical data via different data analysis methods, contribute in remote medical monitoring, early diagnosis of diseases, predicting clinical events, and recommending vital health/medical instructions. According to existence of the same health/medical services in functional aspect, finding appropriate composite health/medical services by the patients has been remained as a major concern in modern medical systems. Regarding this challenge, in this paper, a medical monitoring scheme for cloud‐based IoT platform is proposed, in which the patients' medical conditions are derived through predicting diseases by mining her physiological data collected from IoT devices and other medical records. A disease diagnosis model is used to analyze the patients' medical data for the aim of offering a composite health/medical prescription. After confirming the outcomes by medical team, it is sent to the patient. Then, the patient indicates her nonfunctional requirements such as location, cost and time to find the most appropriate composite health/medical service based on her preferences. Experimental results reveal that the proposed scheme is successful in achieving effective diseases diagnosis for offering composite health/medical prescriptions.
Hexb enzyme deficiency leads to lysosomal abnormalities in radial glia and microglia in zebrafish brain development
Authors: Kuil Laura E. , López Martí Anna , Carreras Mascaro Ana , van den Bosch Jeroen C. , van den Berg Paul , van der Linde Herma C. , Schoonderwoerd Kees , Ruijter George J. G. , van Ham Tjakko J. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractSphingolipidoses are severe, mostly infantile lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs) caused by defective glycosphingolipid degradation. Two of these sphingolipidoses, Tay Sachs and Sandhoff diseases, are caused by β‐Hexosaminidase (HEXB) enzyme deficiency, resulting in ganglioside (GM2) accumulation and neuronal loss. The precise sequence of cellular events preceding, and leading to, neuropathology remains unclear, but likely involves inflammation and lysosomal accumulation of GM2 in multiple cell types. We aimed to determine the consequences of Hexb activity loss for different brain cell types using zebrafish. Hexb deficient zebrafish (hexb−/−) showed lysosomal abnormalities already early in development both in radial glia, which are the neuronal and glial progenitors, and in microglia. Additionally, at 5 days postfertilization, hexb−/− zebrafish showed reduced locomotor activity. Although specific oligosaccharides accumulate in the adult brain, hexb−/−) zebrafish are viable and apparently resistant to Hexb deficiency. In all, we identified cellular consequences of loss of Hexb enzyme activity during embryonic brain development, showing early effects on glia, which possibly underlie the behavioral aberrations. Hereby, we identified clues into the contribution of non‐neuronal lysosomal abnormalities in LSDs affecting the brain and provide a tool to further study what underlies the relative resistance to Hexb deficiency in vivo.
A quality improvement and educational initiative to reduce morbidity associated with massive postpartum hemorrhage
Authors: Smith Catherine C. , Tessier Francine , Hutfield Anna , Hutcheon Jennifer A. , Mehra Neeraj 
Published: May 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the effect of a quality improvement and educational initiative on blood transfusion rates and patient morbidity from massive postpartum hemorrhage.MethodsA retrospective chart review was performed of massive postpartum hemorrhage (mPPH) at an urban tertiary care center. Inclusion criteria are women with mPPH over 20 weeks gestational age. The primary outcome was the number of packed red blood cell (pRBC) transfusions required. Two time periods were compared—the control period (January 2006–December 2011), and the educational period (January 2012–December 2015) by calculating an incidence rate ratio using Poisson regression.ResultsAmong 189 women with mPPH, 107 cases occurred during the control period and 82 during the educational period. In the educational period, there were 13% (95% confidence interval [CI] 2%–23%) fewer pRBC and 16% (95% CI 1%–29%) fewer fresh frozen plasma (FFP) units transfused compared with the control period. There was a decrease of 58 minutes (95% CI −106 to −9.52) of the median time from diagnosis of mPPH to transfusion of FFP.ConclusionThe quality improvement educational initiative decreased the number of pRBC and FFP transfusions required, and shortened the latency interval to transfusion of FFP.
Laser‐enhanced drug delivery of antiretroviral drugs into human immunodeficiency virus‐1 infected TZMbl cells
Authors: Malabi Rudzani , Lebohang Manoto Sello , Ombinda‐Lemboumba Saturnin , Maaza Malik , Mthunzi‐Kufa Patience 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has significantly increased life expectancy and improved management of the human immunodeficiency virus‐1 (HIV‐1) disease globally. This well‐established treatment regime has shown to reduce viral capacity to undetectable limits when using traditional clinical assays. The establishment of viral reservoirs during the early stages of infection are the major contributors to failure of the current regimens to eradicate HIV‐1 infection since the reservoirs are not affected by antiretroviral drugs (ARVs). Therefore, advanced modification of the present treatment and investigation of novel antiretroviral drug delivery system are needed. The aim of this study was to use femtosecond (fs) laser pulses to deliver ARVs into HIV‐1 infected TZMbl cells. Different ARVs were translocated into TZMbl cells using fs pulsed laser (800 nm) with optimum power of 4 μW and 10 ms laser to cell exposure time. Changes in cellular processes were evaluated using cellular morphology, viability, cytotoxicity and luciferase activity assays. Cells treated with the laser in the presence of ARVs showed a significant reduction in viral infectivity, cell viability and an increase in cytotoxicity. This study demonstrated that fs laser pulses were highly effective in delivering ARVs into HIV‐1 infected TZMbl cells, causing a significant reduction in HIV‐1 infection.
Oxygen‐dependent delayed fluorescence of protoporphyrin IX measured in the stomach and duodenum during upper gastrointestinal endoscopy
Authors: van Dijk Louisa J. D. , Ubbink Rinse , Terlouw Luke G. , van Noord Desirée , Mik Egbert G. , Bruno Marco J. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractProtoporphyrin IX‐triplet state lifetime technique (PpIX‐TSLT) is a method used to measure oxygen (PO2) in human cells. The aim of this study was to assess the technical feasibility and safety of measuring oxygen‐dependent delayed fluorescence of 5‐aminolevulinic acid (ALA)‐induced PpIX during upper gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy. Endoscopic delayed fluorescence measurements were performed 4 hours after oral administration of ALA in healthy volunteers. The ALA dose administered was 0, 1, 5 or 20 mg/kg. Measurements were performed at three mucosal spots in the gastric antrum, duodenal bulb and descending duodenum with the catheter above the mucosa and while applying pressure to induce local ischemia and monitor mitochondrial respiration. During two endoscopies, measurements were performed both before and after intravenous administration of butylscopolamine. Delayed fluorescence measurements were successfully performed during all 10 upper GI endoscopies. ALA dose of 5 mg/kg showed adequate signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) values >20 without side effects. All pressure measurements showed significant prolongation of delayed fluorescence lifetime compared to measurements performed without pressure (P < .001). Measurements before and after administration of butylscopolamine did not differ significantly in the duodenal bulb and descending duodenum. Measurements of oxygen‐dependent delayed fluorescence of ALA‐induced PpIX in the GI tract during upper GI endoscopy are technically feasible and safe.
A surfactant‐free synthesis of the silica nanosphere‐supported ultrafine silver nanoparticles and their antibacterial effects
Authors: Shen Qihui , Shan Yixuan , Lü Yang , Xue Peng , Shu Xian , Li Dongmei , Liu Yan , Liu Xiaoyang 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIn this study, a facile, efficient, and surfactant‐free method to synthesize silica nanosphere‐supported ultrafine silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) (~2.5 nm) was developed, and their antibacterial effects were investigated. In the synthesis process, the hydrolysis of 3‐mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane was adopted to provide thiol groups and in situ reduce Ag+ to Ag0 for ultrafine AgNPs formation on the surface of the silica nanosphere. Electron microscopy characterization of the complex formed revealed that the ultrafine AgNPs were not agglomerated and grow without any surfactants because there were no excess electrons transported from the shell to reduce the silver ions to silver atoms. The antibacterial effects of the supported ultrafine AgNPs with the surfactant‐free surface were evaluated against the Escherichia coli even at very low dosage. After incubation with 20 μg/mL silica‐supported AgNPs up to 120 min, 99.7% of the E. coli were inactivated, according to the bacterial viability measured by flow cytometry.