bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nutraceuticals: Formulations and Commercialization
Authors: Zaman Md Kamaruz , Milani Doniya N. , Bhatt Priyanka , Hariyadi Dewi Melani , Athiyah Umi , Islam Johirul , Pathak Yashwant V. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Nutraceuticals are currently growing alternative option for prevention as well as treatment for many acute and chronic illnesses. At some stage where a single pharmaceutical drug acts as a solo performer to treat the illness, the herbal remedy provides group of ingredients together to eradicate the disease. Many of the pharmaceutical drugs are from herbal origin and acts as a potent solo performer against the disease or disorder. While on the other side group of active ingredients present in herbal remedy may stimulate the effect of main active constituent to treat the disease. The resulting effect of course depends on how each of the ingredient are interacting with each other to stimulate the actions of each other. Though there is vast research going on development of nutraceuticals, the challenges associated with nutraceuticals such as variation in active ingredient content, difficulty in purification, lack of appropriate nomenclature, lack of confine regulations, formulation related challenges as well as solubility problems leads researchers as well as formulators in a direction to find out unmet need to overcome these challenges. The concept of solo and concert performance in regards to nutraceuticals and challenges related to nutraceuticals are described here in this article.
Impact of PDGF‐BB on cellular distribution and extracellular matrix in the healing rabbit Achilles tendon three weeks post‐operation
Authors: Meier Bürgisser Gabriella , Evrova Olivera , Calcagni Maurizio , Scalera Chiara , Giovanoli Pietro , Buschmann Johanna 
Published: October 2019

Current methods for tendon rupture repair suffer from two main drawbacks: insufficient strength and adhesion formation, which lead to rerupture and impaired gliding. A novel polymer tube may help to overcome these problems by allowing growth factor delivery to the wound site and adhesion reduction, and by acting as a physical barrier to the surrounding tissue. In this study, we used a bilayered DegraPol® tube to deliver PDGF‐BB to the wound site in a full‐transection rabbit Achilles tendon model. We then performed histological and immunohistochemical analysis at 3 weeks postoperation. Sustained delivery of PDGF‐BB to the healing Achilles tendon led to a significantly more homogenous cell distribution within the healing tissue. Lower cell densities next to the implant material were determined for +PDGF‐BB samples compared to −PDGF‐BB. PDGF‐BB application increased proteoglycan content and reduced alpha‐SMA+ areas, clusters of different sizes, mainly vessels. Finally, PDGF‐BB reduced collagens I and III in the extracellular matrix. The sustained delivery of PDGF‐BB via an electrospun DegraPol® tube accelerated tendon wound healing by causing a more uniform cell distribution with higher proteoglycan content and less fibrotic tissue. Moreover, the application of this growth factor reduced collagen III and alpha‐SMA, indicating a faster and less fibrotic tendon healing.
Do Patients With Moderate or High Disease Activity Escalate Rheumatoid Arthritis Therapy According to Treat‐to‐Target Principles? Results From the Rheumatology Informatics System for Effectiveness Registry of the American College of Rheumatology
Authors: Yun Huifeng , Chen Lang , Xie Fenglong , Patel Himanshu , Boytsov Natalie , Zhang Xiang , Curtis Jeffrey R. 
Published: October 2019

ObjectiveDespite strong recommendations for routine measurement of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) disease activity and associated treatment changes to attain remission/low disease activity, the measurement tools that clinicians use to evaluate RA patients’ disease activity and frequency of treatment change have not been well characterized. Therefore, we evaluated different measurement tools that physicians used to assess RA disease activity and associated RA treatment changes.MethodsUsing data from the Rheumatology Informatics System for Effectiveness (RISE) registry from January 2016 through June 2017, and using the following criteria: age ≥18 years, diagnosis of RA (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth and Tenth Revision, codes), ≥2 RISE visits, and ≥1 RA disease activity measure scored in 2016, we classified eligible patients’ drug use at the index visit as monotherapy or combination therapy with conventional synthetic (cs) and biologic disease‐modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs). Outcomes include change in treatment over 12 months. Mixed models identified factors associated with treatment change.ResultsAmong 50,996 eligible patients, 27,274 had longitudinal data. The most commonly used measures were RAPID3 (78.9%) and the Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI) (34.2%). The frequency of treatment change during follow‐up was relatively low (35.6–54.6%), even for patients with moderate/high disease activity according to RAPID3 or CDAI scores. Older patients (age ≥75 years; adjusted odds ratio [ORadj] 0.63 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.50–0.78]) and those already receiving combination therapy with csDMARDs (ORadj 0.45 [95% CI 0.33–0.61]) or combination therapy with bDMARDs (ORadj 0.30 [95% CI 0.24–0.38]) were less likely to change RA treatment even after multivariable adjustment.ConclusionUsing the American College of Rheumatology's national RISE registry, one‐ to two‐thirds of RA patients failed to change their treatment, even when experiencing moderate/high disease activity. Multimodal interventions directed at both patients and providers are needed to encourage shared decision‐making, goal‐directed care, and to overcome barriers to treatment escalation.
Room‐Temperature AFM Electric‐Field‐Induced Topotactic Transformation between Perovskite and Brownmillerite SrFeOx with Sub‐Micrometer Spatial Resolution
Authors: Ferreiro‐Vila Elías , Blanco‐Canosa Santiago , Lucas del Pozo Irene , Vasili Hari Babu , Magén César , Ibarra Alfonso , Rubio‐Zuazo Juan , Castro Germán R. , Morellón Luis , Rivadulla Francisco 
Published: October 2019

AbstractReversible structural transformations between perovskite (PV) ABO3−δ and brownmillerite (BM) ABO2.5 (A = Ca2+, Sr2+; B = Fe4+/3, Co4+/3+) oxides can be induced by topotactic oxygen exchange at moderate temperatures under reducing/oxidizing conditions. The combination of a large oxide‐ion conductivity and a small free energy difference between the 4+/3+ oxidation states of many 3d transition metal ions enables these topotactic transformations. Herein, it is demonstrated that the electric field produced by a voltage‐biased atomic force microscopy tip can induce such transformation between PV SrFeO3−δ and BM SrFeO2.5 at room temperature and with sub‐micrometer spatial resolution. Interestingly, the structural transformation is kept after the electric field is removed, allowing a nonvolatile control of the local chemical, electrical, optical, and magnetic properties. Thus, the results presented in this paper open the door for the fabrication of stable ionic‐based devices through the electric field patterning of different crystallographic phases.
Electrodeposition Technologies for Li‐Based Batteries: New Frontiers of Energy Storage
Authors: Pu Jun , Shen Zihan , Zhong Chenglin , Zhou Qingwen , Liu Jinyun , Zhu Jia , Zhang Huigang 
Published: October 2019

AbstractElectrodeposition induces material syntheses on conductive surfaces, distinguishing it from the widely used solid‐state technologies in Li‐based batteries. Electrodeposition drives uphill reactions by applying electric energy instead of heating. These features may enable electrodeposition to meet some needs for battery fabrication that conventional technologies can rarely achieve. The latest progress of electrodeposition technologies in Li‐based batteries is summarized. Each component of Li‐based batteries can be electrodeposited or synthesized with multiple methods. The advantages of electrodeposition are the main focus, and they are discussed in comparison with traditional technologies with the expectation to inspire innovations to build better Li‐based batteries. Electrodeposition coats conformal films on surfaces and can control the film thickness, providing an effective approach to enhancing battery performance. Engineering interfaces by electrodeposition can stabilize the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) and strengthen the adhesion of active materials to substrates, thereby prolonging the battery longevity. Lastly, a perspective of future studies on electrodepositing batteries is provided. The significant merits of electrodeposition should greatly advance the development of Li‐based batteries.
Recent Progress of In Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy for Energy Materials
Authors: Zhang Chao , Firestein Konstantin L. , Fernando Joseph F. S. , Siriwardena Dumindu , von Treifeldt Joel E. , Golberg Dmitri 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is one of the most powerful approaches for revealing physical and chemical process dynamics at atomic resolutions. The most recent developments for in situ TEM techniques are summarized; in particular, how they enable visualization of various events, measure properties, and solve problems in the field of energy by revealing detailed mechanisms at the nanoscale. Related applications include rechargeable batteries such as Li‐ion, Na‐ion, Li–O2, Na–O2, Li–S, etc., fuel cells, thermoelectrics, photovoltaics, and photocatalysis. To promote various applications, the methods of introducing the in situ stimuli of heating, cooling, electrical biasing, light illumination, and liquid and gas environments are discussed. The progress of recent in situ TEM in energy applications should inspire future research on new energy materials in diverse energy‐related areas.
Carbon‐Based Nanocages: A New Platform for Advanced Energy Storage and Conversion
Authors: Wu Qiang , Yang Lijun , Wang Xizhang , Hu Zheng 
Published: October 2019

AbstractEnergy storage and conversion play a crucial role in modern energy systems, and the exploration of advanced electrode materials is vital but challenging. Carbon‐based nanocages consisting of sp2 carbon shells feature a hollow interior cavity with sub‐nanometer microchannels across the shells, high specific surface area with a defective outer surface, and tunable electronic structure, much different from the intensively studied nanocarbons such as carbon nanotubes and graphene. These structural and morphological characteristics make carbon‐based nanocages a new platform for advanced energy storage and conversion. Up‐to‐date synthetic strategies of carbon‐based nanocages, the utilization of their unique porous structure and morphology for the construction of composites with foreign active species, and their significant applications to the advanced energy storage and conversion are reviewed. Structure–performance correlations are discussed in depth to highlight the contribution of carbon‐based nanocages. The research challenges and trends are also envisaged for deepening and extending the study and application of this multifunctional material.
How Nanoparticles Transform Single Molecule Measurements into Quantitative Sensors
Authors: Wu Yanfang , Bennett Danielle , Tilley Richard D. , Gooding John Justin 
Published: October 2019

AbstractSingle molecule measurements are revolutionizing the understanding of the stochastics of behavior of single molecules. There is a common theme referred to as a near‐field approach, in how many single molecule measurements are being performed in assays. The term near field is used because the measurement volume is typically very small such that a single molecule, or a single molecule binding pair, within that volume is of an appreciable concentration. The next development in detection will be performing many single molecule measurements at one time such that single molecule measurements can be used as the basis for quantitative analysis. There have already been some notable developments in this direction. Again, all have a common theme in that nanoparticles are used to create many near‐field volumes that can be measured simultaneously. Herein, the coupled developments in nanoparticles and measurement strategies that allow nanoparticles to be the backbone of the next generation of sensing technologies are discussed.
Integrated Triboelectric Nanogenerators in the Era of the Internet of Things
Authors: Ahmed Abdelsalam , Hassan Islam , El‐Kady Maher F. , Radhi Ali , Jeong Chang Kyu , Selvaganapathy Ponnambalam Ravi , Zu Jean , Ren Shenqiang , Wang Qing , Kaner Richard B. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractSince their debut in 2012, triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have attained high performance in terms of both energy density and instantaneous conversion, reaching up to 500 W m−2 and 85%, respectively, synchronous with multiple energy sources and hybridized designs. Here, a comprehensive review of the design guidelines of TENGs, their performance, and their designs in the context of Internet of Things (IoT) applications is presented. The development stages of TENGs in large‐scale self‐powered systems and technological applications enabled by harvesting energy from water waves or wind energy sources are also reviewed. This self‐powered capability is essential considering that IoT applications should be capable of operation anywhere and anytime, supported by a network of energy harvesting systems in arbitrary environments. In addition, this review paper investigates the development of self‐charging power units (SCPUs), which can be realized by pairing TENGs with energy storage devices, such as batteries and capacitors. Consequently, different designs of power management circuits, supercapacitors, and batteries that can be integrated with TENG devices are also reviewed. Finally, the significant factors that need to be addressed when designing and optimizing TENG‐based systems for energy harvesting and self‐powered sensing applications are discussed.
Engineered Cardiac Pacemaker Nodes Created by TBX18 Gene Transfer Overcome Source–Sink Mismatch
Authors: Grijalva Sandra I. , Gu Jin‐mo , Li Jun , Fernandez Natasha , Fan Jinqi , Sung Jung Hoon , Lee Seung Yup , Herndon Conner , Buckley Erin M. , Park Sung‐Jin , Fenton Flavio H. , Cho Hee Cheol 
Published: October 2019

AbstractEvery heartbeat originates from a tiny tissue in the heart called the sinoatrial node (SAN). The SAN harbors only ≈10 000 cardiac pacemaker cells, initiating an electrical impulse that captures the entire heart, consisting of billions of cardiomyocytes for each cardiac contraction. How these rare cardiac pacemaker cells (the electrical source) can overcome the electrically hyperpolarizing and quiescent myocardium (the electrical sink) is incompletely understood. Due to the scarcity of native pacemaker cells, this concept of source–sink mismatch cannot be tested directly with live cardiac tissue constructs. By exploiting TBX18 induced pacemaker cells by somatic gene transfer, 3D cardiac pacemaker spheroids can be tissue‐engineered. The TBX18 induced pacemakers (sphTBX18) pace autonomously and drive the contraction of neighboring myocardium in vitro. TBX18 spheroids demonstrate the need for reduced electrical coupling and physical separation from the neighboring ventricular myocytes, successfully recapitulating a key design principle of the native SAN. β‐Adrenergic stimulation as well as electrical uncoupling significantly increase sphTBX18s' ability to pace‐and‐drive the neighboring myocardium. This model represents the first platform to test design principles of the SAN for mechanistic understanding and to better engineer biological pacemakers for therapeutic translation.
Predictions and Strategies Learned from Machine Learning to Develop High‐Performing Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Li Jinxin , Pradhan Basudev , Gaur Surya , Thomas Jayan 
Published: October 2019

AbstractPerovskite solar cells (PSCs) have recently received considerable attention due to the high energy conversion efficiency achieved within a few years of their inception. However, a machine learning (ML) approach to guide the development of high‐performing PSCs is still lacking. In this paper ML is used to optimize material composition, develop design strategies, and predict the performance of PSCs. The ML models are developed using 333 data points selected from about 2000 peer reviewed publications. These models guide the design of new perovskite materials and the development of high‐performing solar cells. Based on ML guidance, new perovskite compositions are experimentally synthesized to test the practicability of the model. The ML model also shows its ability to predict underlying physical phenomena as well as the performance of PSCs. The PSC model matches well with the theoretical prediction by the Shockley and Queisser limit, which is almost impossible for a human to find from an ensemble of data points. Moreover, strategies for developing high‐performing PSCs with different bandgaps are also derived from the model. These findings show that ML is very promising not only for predicting the performance, but also for providing a deeper understanding of the physical phenomena associated with the PSCs.
Simultaneous effect of particle size and solid concentration on the hydrodynamics of slurry bubble column reactors
Authors: Lakhdissi El Mahdi , Soleimani Iman , Guy Christophe , Chaouki Jamal 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe simultaneous effect of particle size and concentration on the total gas holdup of slurry bubble column reactors was investigated in this work. The total gas holdup was measured for air–water–glass beads systems. Three solid concentrations and three particle diameters were used. It was found that increasing particle size at high constant concentration decreases gas holdup. Moreover, increasing solid concentration decreases gas holdup and this decreasing effect is higher for larger particles. Also, solid particles have two effects on hydrodynamics, namely, changing the viscosity and density of the liquid phase as well as hindering the bubbles from rising within the column by the collision phenomenon. Therefore, a novel correcting factor was introduced to correct the gas holdup. The hindering factor considers both the collision efficiency affected by the particle size as well as the solid concentration. A novel correlation was developed to predict the experimental data of the three‐phase gas holdup.
Copper‐Catalyzed Sulfonyl Radical‐Enabled Regioselective Cyclization of 1,6‐Enynes
Authors: Zhang Jun‐Yao , Bao Wen‐Hui , Qin Fu‐Hua , Lei Ke‐Wei , Li Qiang , Wei Wen‐Ting 
Published: October 2019

AbstractA copper‐catalyzed cascade cyclization of 1,6‐enynes with sulfonyl hydrazides for producing various sulfonyl‐substituted γ‐lactams is described. This sulfonyl radical‐enabled cyclization reaction features excellent regioselectivity, mild conditions and broad substrate scope, enabling the formation of new C−S and C−C bonds through radical sulfonylation, intramolecular cyclization and hydrogen abstraction. Moreover, relevant experiments have been carried out to probe a possible mechanism.
Endoscopic sinus surgery improves aspirin treatment response in aspirin‐exacerbated respiratory disease patients
Authors: Shah Sharan J. , Abuzeid Waleed M. , Ponduri Anusha , Pelletier Teresa , Ren Zhen , Keskin Taha , Roizen Gigia , Rosenstreich David , Ferastraoaru Denisa , Jerschow Elina 
Published: October 2019

BackgroundAspirin desensitization and treatment benefits most patients with aspirin‐exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD), although some patients fail therapy. Our objective was to assess whether recent endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) improved aspirin treatment outcomes in AERD patients who initially failed aspirin therapy.MethodsOutcomes of aspirin desensitization and treatment in AERD patients prospectively enrolled were assessed preoperatively and at 4, 12, and 24 weeks after ESS by determining changes in Asthma Control Test (ACT) and Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (RQLQ) scores and respiratory function. Biomarkers, including fractional excretion of nitric oxide (FeNO), spirometry, nasal inspiratory peak flow (NPF), immunoglobulin E (IgE), and eosinophil count, were measured.ResultsNineteen patients who benefited (responders) and 21 patients who failed (nonresponders) preoperative aspirin treatment with a distant history of ESS (mean, 48 months) were identified. Nonresponders were more likely to be African American (71%, p < 0.01) and have higher baseline IgE levels (252 kU/L vs 87 kU/L in responders, p < 0.01). 24 of the 40 patients (nine responders and 15 non‐responders) required subsequent ESS and underwent another aspirin desensitization 3‐4 weeks after ESS. All 24 patients tolerated a second round of aspirin desensitization and treatment. The primary aspirin therapy was associated with a significant increase in IgE in nonresponders, but there was no significant increase in IgE after the second aspirin desensitization and treatment.ConclusionAntecedent ESS enhances aspirin treatment responses in AERD patients and may convert patients who failed aspirin treatment before surgery to a more responsive phenotype after ESS. Patients with higher baseline serum IgE levels may benefit from ESS performed shortly before aspirin desensitization and therapy.
A minimally invasive endoscopic transnasal retropterygoid approach to the upper parapharyngeal space: anatomic studies and surgical implications
Authors: Liu Juan , Sun Xicai , Liu Quan , Gu Yurong , Li Houyong , Zheng Chunquan , Wang Dehui , Fernandez‐Miranda Juan C. , Snyderman Carl H. , Yu Hongmeng 
Published: October 2019

BackgroundSurgery remains the mainstay of treatment for lesions in the parapharyngeal space. However, gaining access to the parapharyngeal space is often challenging. In this study we aim to describe a minimally invasive technique of approaching the upper parapharyngeal space through an endoscopic transnasal retropterygoid approach, based on anatomic studies and surgeries.MethodsSix fresh human cadaver heads were prepared for anatomic study at the Surgical Neuroanatomy Laboratory of the Center for Cranial Base Surgery within the Department of Neurological Surgery at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine. Three clinical cases seen in the Department of Otolaryngology, Eye, Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, were used to illustrate the technique and feasibility of this approach and to assess its indications, advantages, and drawbacks.ResultsThe medial pterygoid plate is the primary landmark of the endoscopic transnasal retropterygoid approach to the upper parapharyngeal space. Access to the upper parapharyngeal space could be obtained by removing the mucosa on the medial pterygoid plate and the mucosa below the pharyngeal orifice of the Eustachian tube. The 3 patients in our study tolerated the procedure well and had no serious complications after surgery.ConclusionThe anatomic data and clinical cases in this study confirm that an endoscopic transnasal retropterygoid approach is a feasible and effective surgical treatment for selected tumors in the upper parapharyngeal space.