bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Weighted gene coexpression network analysis reveals hub genes involved in cholangiocarcinoma progression and prognosis
Authors: Tian Aiping , Pu Ke , Li Boxuan , Li Min , Liu Xiaoguang , Gao Liping , Mao Xiaorong 
Published: June 2019

AimCholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a highly malignant tumor found in the bile duct epithelial cells, and the second most common primary tumor of the liver. However, the pivotal roles of molecular biomarkers in oncogenesis of CCA are unclear. Therefore, we aim to explore the underlying mechanisms of progression and screen for novel prognostic biomarkers and treatment targets.MethodThe data of mRNA sequencing and clinical information of CCA patients in The Cancer Genome Atlas was analyzed by weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA). Modules and clinical traits were constructed according to Pearson's correlation analysis, and Gene Ontology and pathway enrichment analysis were applied. Hub genes of these modules were screened by intramodule analysis; Cytoscape with Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes was utilized to visualize protein–protein interaction of these modules; hub genes of these modules were validated afterwards. Furthermore, the significance of these genes was confirmed by survival analysis.ResultsGenes MRPS18A, CST1, and SCP2 were identified as candidate genes in the module, which was associated with clinical traits including pathological stage, histological grade, and liver function and which also affected overall survival of CCA patients. Nineteen hub genes were analyzed together and were associated with progression and prognosis of CCA. Survival analyses found that several of the multiple genes could serve as biomarkers to stratify CCA patients into low‐ and high‐risk groups.ConclusionThese candidate genes could be involved in progression of CCA, which could serve as novel prognostic markers and treatment targets. Moreover, most of them were first reported in CCA and deserve further research.
Interventions to improve participation in health‐care decisions in non‐Western countries: A systematic review and narrative synthesis
Authors: Dolan Hankiz , Li Mu , Trevena Lyndal 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundPatients' participation in medical decision making is an important aspect of patient‐centred care. However, there is often uncertainty about its applicability and feasibility in non‐Western countries.ObjectiveTo provide an overview and assessment of interventions that aimed to improve patients' participation in decision making in non‐Western countries.MethodOvid Medline, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, CINAHL, Ovid MEDLINE(R) Epub Ahead of Print, In‐Process, Other Non‐Indexed Citations, without Revisions and Daily Update and Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, were searched from respective inception to February 2018. Studies were included if they (a) were randomized controlled trials, before‐and‐after studies and interrupted time series studies; (b) were conducted in non‐Western countries; (c) aimed to improve patients' participation in dyadic decision making; and (d) reported outcomes relevant to patient participation in decision making. Studies were excluded if they included children, were about triadic decision making or solely focused on information provision without reporting outcomes related to patient participation. Narrative synthesis method was used for data analysis and presentation.ResultsA total of 17 studies, 6 RCTs and 11 non‐RCTs, were included across ten countries. Intervention strategies included patient and/or provider communication skills training, decision aids and a question prompt material. Whilst most of the studies reported increased patient participation, those interventions which had provider or patient training in communication skills were found to be more effective.ConclusionInterventions to improve patient participation, within the context of dyadic decision making, in non‐Western countries can be feasible and effective if communication skills training is provided for health‐care providers and/or patients.
Mechanical hysteresis and damage evolution in C/SiC composites under fatigue loading at room and elevated temperatures
Authors: Li Longbiao , Reynaud Pascal , Fantozzi Gilbert 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIn this paper, the mechanical hysteresis and damage evolution in C/SiC ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) under cyclic tension‐tension fatigue loading at room and elevated temperatures in air and in inert atmosphere and different loading frequencies are investigated. The fatigue hysteresis loops models considering multiple matrix cracking modes are developed to establish the relationships between fatigue hysteresis loops, fatigue hysteresis dissipated energy, and fiber/matrix interface shear stress. The evolution of fatigue hysteresis dissipated energy and interface shear stress vs applied cycles is analyzed. It was found that the interface shear stress degradation rate increases with fatigue peak stress, and loading frequency from 40 to 375 Hz.
HLA‐DQB1*02 allele in children with celiac disease: Potential usefulness for screening strategies
Authors: Poddighe Dimitri , Capittini Cristina , Gaviglio Ivan , Brambilla Ilaria , Marseglia Gian Luigi 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThrough a retrospective analysis of a real‐life cohort of children with celiac disease (CD), who underwent HLA‐DQ genotyping, we supported our previous findings indicating the presence of HLA‐DQB1*02 allele in at least 90%–95% of pediatric patients. In the present study, reporting the HLA‐DQ analysis from 184 children (age range: 1–16 years) diagnosed with CD in a single centre, we found that 97.29% of all these CD children (n = 179 out of 184 genotyped patients) resulted to be carriers of at least one copy of HLA‐DQB1*02 allele. If a widened screening for CD should result to be appropriate in the pediatric population after further clinical research, this observation might be potentially exploited to consider a two‐step screening strategy, starting with the HLA‐DQB1*02 targeted analysis followed by the specific serology for CD in these predisposed patients only. However, additional and larger studies are needed to support our findings.
Skin bacterial microflora of two closely related mountain newts (Salamandridae) – the Yellow‐spotted mountain newt Neurergus derjugini and the Kaiser's mountain newt Neurergus kaiseri – in the wild and in a breeding facility highlight new conservation perspectives
Authors: Vaissi S. , Sharifi M. , Hernandez A. , Nikpey S. , Taran M. 
Published: June 2019

Microbiome research is important for the identification of factors that are associated with the ex situ care of amphibians, such as potential contagious and lethal pathogens. Nevertheless, it can be also used to establish whether newts can adapt to exposure to new microbial communities, which would be important for the success of future reintroductions into the natural habitat. There is no available information regarding the skin flora naturally occurring in mountain newts of the genus Neurergus, including the Yellow‐spotted mountain newt Neurergus derjugini and the Kaiser's mountain newt Neurergus kaiseri. In this study, skin bacterial microbiota of wild adults and individuals of both species from a captive‐breeding facility (CBF) were compared. Four bacteria that naturally occur on the skin of wild adult N. derjugini were identified (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli). Six bacteria were positively detected on the skin of wild adult N. kaiseri [S. aureus, B. subtilis, B. cereus, E. coli, Rhodococcus equi, Klebsiella (Enterobacter) aerogenes]. Our results indicate that the skin microbiota of F1 offspring (≤ 2 months of age) from the CBF did not correspond exactly to the microbial community identified in wild adult N. derjugini. However, ≥ 75% of the bacteria found in older individuals (≥ 1 year of age) living at the CBF over the long term corresponded to those of their wild counterparts. It would appear that post‐metamorphic and adults of both species might be better able to resist and adapt to natural microbiota than larvae.
Transforming Feedback: An Application Framework for Group Feedback Videos in Design
Authors: Brown Kylie , Fridman Ilya 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis article presents the development and application of group feedback videos (GFVs) in design education. A case study shows how visually‐rich GFVs were developed in a practice‐based design studio subject where learners were required to work in teams and independently calibrate an ability to form judgements on the qualities of their own work. Breaking away from traditional models of individual written feedback, students were instead provided with holistic reviews of project outcomes in a GFV format. Assessment examples were presented from across the cohort with the goal of encouraging open discussion and self‐reflection on studio practice. GFVs supported learning processes through three key characteristics: information richness, group learning and sharing, and formative engagement. What differentiated this approach from previous studies was the focus on audio‐visual group delivery to enhance feedback's richness. By replicating an in‐class group critique session, GFVs allowed commonly summative assessment stages to be seen as formative. This study contributes to existing literature through an application framework that may be used by design educators who are seeking to implement GFV methods within their own studio teaching practice.
Discovering floristic and geoecological gradients across Amazonia
Authors: Tuomisto Hanna , Van doninck Jasper , Ruokolainen Kalle , Moulatlet Gabriel M. , Figueiredo Fernando O. G. , Sirén Anders , Cárdenas Glenda , Lehtonen Samuli , Zuquim Gabriela 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAimTo map and interpret floristic and geoecological patterns across the Amazon basin by combining extensive field data with basin‐wide Landsat imagery and climatic data.LocationAmazonia.TaxonGround truth data on ferns and lycophytes; remote sensing results reflect forest canopy properties.MethodsWe used field plot data to assess main ecological gradients across Amazonia and to relate floristic ordination axes to soil base cation concentration, Climatologies at High Resolution for the Earth's Land Surface Areas (CHELSA) climatic variables and reflectance values from a basin‐wide Landsat image composite with generalized linear models. Ordination axes were then predicted across all Amazonia using Landsat and CHELSA, and a regional subdivision was obtained using k‐medoid classification.ResultsThe primary floristic gradient was strongly related to base cation concentration in the soil, and the secondary gradient to climatic variables. The Landsat image composite revealed a tapestry of broad‐scale variation in canopy reflectance characteristics across Amazonia. Ordination axis scores predicted using Landsat and CHELSA variables produced spatial patterns consistent with existing knowledge on soils, geology and vegetation, but also suggested new floristic patterns. The clearest dichotomy was between central Amazonia and the peripheral areas, and the available data supported a classification into at least eight subregions.Main conclusionsLandsat data are capable of predicting soil‐related species compositional patterns of understorey ferns and lycophytes across the Amazon basin with surprisingly high accuracy. Although the exact floristic relationships may differ among plant groups, the observed ecological gradients must be relevant for other plants as well, since surface reflectance recorded by satellites is mostly influenced by the tree canopy. This opens exciting prospects for species distribution modelling, conservation planning, and biogeographical and ecological studies on Amazonian biota. Our maps provide a preliminary geoecological subdivision of Amazonia that can now be tested and refined using field data of other plant groups and from hitherto unsampled areas.
Latitudinal effects of anthropogenic factors driving raptor species richness across the American continent
Authors: Chapa‐Vargas Leonardo , Ceballos Gerardo , Tinajero Romeo , Torres‐Romero Erik Joaquín 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAimGeographic gradients in species richness have been traditionally attributed to variation in environmental conditions. However, untangling the importance of human activities in explaining spatial patterns in raptor species richness, still remains a challenge. We evaluated the relative importance of how human impacts and ecogeographical conditions shape the latitudinal patterns of resident (n = 140) and migratory (n = 35) raptor species richness in the American continent, and analysed whether these factors differ between the Nearctic and the Neotropical regions.LocationAmerican Continent.TaxonRaptor species.MethodsWe processed BirdLife distributional data for 175 raptor species distributed in America, and a set of three ecogeographical and three human impact variables at a spatial resolution of 96.5 × 96.5 km. We applied simple, multiple, simultaneous auto‐regressive models and partial regression analyses to explore the associations between ecogeographical conditions and human impacts on raptor richness.ResultsAt the continental scale and the Neotropical region, global forest structure is the main driver of richness patterns for all raptors combined, and for resident and migratory species alone. In the Nearctic region, human accessibility was the best explanatory variable to understand the spatial patterns of richness regardless of the raptor group analysed.Main conclusionsEnvironmental features play a leading role in determining raptor species richness. However, the independent contribution of human activities emerges as an important factor in explaining richness patterns of migratory species at the continental scale and within the Neotropical region, whereas humans become particularly important in the Nearctic region for all raptors, residents and migratory species. We show for the first time how human‐related factors influence raptor species richness.
Knockdown of STIL suppresses the progression of gastric cancer by down‐regulating the IGF‐1/PI3K/AKT pathway
Authors: Wang Ju , Zhang Yong , Dou Zhongxia , Jiang Hongwei , Wang Yongqiang , Gao Xiaoping , Xin Xiangyang 
Published: June 2019

AbstractSCL/TAL1 interrupting locus (STIL) regulates the mitotic centrosome to promote the centriolar replication and cell cycling, and is associated with malignancies. However, the role and mechanism of STIL in gastric cancer (GC) remain elusive. STIL expression in GC tissue microarray was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC). GC cells were transduced with control lentivirus or lentivirus for expression STIL‐specific shRNA and the effect of STIL silencing on the malignant behaviors of GC cells was measured in vitro and in vivo. The potential mechanisms underlying the action of STIL were analyzed by transcriptome microarray and bioinformatics. STIL expression was up‐regulated in GC tissues both in our cohort and the data from the cancer genome atlas, and positively associated with T stage and poor overall survival of GC patients. Knockdown of STIL significantly inhibited the proliferation and clonogenicity of human GC cells and attenuated the growth of implanted GC in vivo. Furthermore, STIL silencing induced cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase and apoptosis of GC cells. Transcriptome analysis indicated that STIL silencing modulated many gene expression, particularly for down‐regulating the IGF‐1/PI3K/AKT pathway. In addition, treatment with SC79, an AKT activator, significantly mitigated the effect of STIL‐silencing in GC cells. In conclusion, STIL promotes gastric carcinogenesis and progression by enhancing the IGF‐1/PI3K/AKT signaling, and STIL may be a novel target for intervention of GC.
For Whom the Bell Trolls: Shifting Troll Behaviour in the Twitter Brexit Debate
Authors: Llewellyn Clare , Cram Laura , Hill Robin L. , Favero Adrian 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIn 2017 Twitter released a list of 2,752 accounts believed to be connected to state‐sponsored Russian operative manipulation of the 2016 American Election. We investigate the behaviour of these accounts in the UK–EU referendum using our own unique longitudinal Twitter dataset. We identify Brexit‐related content from 419 of these accounts, totalling 3,485 tweets between 29 August 2015 and 3 October 2017. While these accounts were primarily designed to resemble American citizens, accounts created in 2016 contained German and Italian locations and terms in user profiles, suggesting targeting of wider international electoral processes. Brexit was one of many targets, likely indicating coordinated repurposing of ‘troll’ activity over time. We analyze behavioural shifts in account behaviour in relation to external events, introducing a temporal dimension not typical of political Twitter studies. The ‘troll’ account behaviour altered radically on UK–EU referendum day, shifting from generalized disruptive tweeting to retweeting other troll accounts to amplify their effect.
Female patients are less satisfied with biological treatment for psoriasis and experience more side‐effects than male patients: results from the prospective BioCAPTURE registry
Authors: van der Schoot L.S. , van den Reek J.M.P.A. , Groenewoud J.M.M. , Otero M.E. , Njoo M.D. , Ossenkoppele P.M. , Mommers J.M. , Koetsier M.I.A. , Berends M.A.M. , Arnold W.P. , Peters B. , Andriessen M.P.M. , Den Hengst C.W. , Kuijpers A.L.A. , de Jong E.M.G.J. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundFemale sex has been reported as a predictor for treatment discontinuation with biological therapies for psoriasis, although reasons remain unclear. It can be hypothesized that lower satisfaction with biological treatment in women might add to the lower drug survival rates.ObjectivesTo identify possible differences in satisfaction with biological treatment between female and male patients using the Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication (TSQM).MethodsData of psoriasis patients treated with biologics were obtained from the prospective, multicentre, daily‐practice BioCAPTURE registry. Longitudinal TSQM data were analysed by linear mixed models. Relevant patient characteristics were incorporated as possible confounding factors. Post hoc analysis of adverse events was performed in order to investigate differences between sexes.ResultsWe included 315 patients with 396 corresponding treatment episodes (137 adalimumab, 90 etanercept, 137 ustekinumab, 24 secukinumab and 8 infliximab). Almost forty per cent of the patients were female. Women had significantly lower baseline PASI scores (P = 0.01). Longitudinal analyses demonstrated lower TSQM scores for ‘side‐effects’ (P = 0.05) and ‘global satisfaction’ (P = 0.01) in female patients compared with male patients over 1 year of treatment. Women reported more relevant adverse events in the context of biologic treatment compared to men (rate ratio 1.79; P < 0.001), with more fungal (rate ratio 2.20; P = 0.001) and herpes simplex infections (rate ratio 3.25; P = 0.005).ConclusionsThis study provides a prospective, longitudinal analysis of treatment satisfaction with biologics in female and male patients with psoriasis. Women were slightly less satisfied with treatment regarding side‐effects and global satisfaction. Differences in treatment satisfaction and side‐effects might add to the fact that women discontinue biological treatments more often.
Behavioural changes during the parr–smolt transformation in coho salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch: is it better to be cool?
Authors: Elsner Rick A. , Shrimpton J. Mark 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBehavioural changes that occur during the parr–smolt transformation were investigated in juvenile coho salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch. Fish from two populations were examined from the Fraser River catchment in British Columbia, Canada; a short and a long‐distance migrating population. Fish showed a significant decrease in condition factor and significant increase in gill Na+K+‐ATPase activity during the spring indicating that they became competent smolts, but no difference between populations. Temperature preference trials were conducted using a shuttlebox system throughout the spring. Mean temperature preference did not differ between the two populations, but preferred temperature decreased with development from 16.5 ± 0.3°C for parr to 15.5 ± 0.4°C for smolts. Mean swimming velocity was also greater in smolts than parr, but there was no difference between the two populations. The preference for warmer water temperature observed for parr in early spring may be advantageous for stimulating smolt development. Preference for slightly cooler temperatures observed for smolts would sustain elevated seawater tolerance during the smolt window by a short time and may ensure successful transition to the marine environment.
Hyaluronan synthesis supports glutamate transporter activity
Authors: Hayashi Mariko Kato , Nishioka Tomoki , Shimizu Hideo , Takahashi Kanako , Kakegawa Wataru , Mikami Tetsuri , Hirayama Yuri , Koizumi Schuichi , Yoshida Sachiko , Yuzaki Michisuke , Tammi Markku , Sekino Yuko , Kaibuchi Kozo , Shigemoto‐Mogami Yukari , Yasui Masato , Sato Kaoru 
Published: June 2019

AbstractHyaluronan is synthesized, secreted, and anchored by hyaluronan synthases (HAS) at the plasma membrane and comprises the backbone of perineuronal nets around neuronal soma and dendrites. However, the molecular targets of hyaluronan to regulate synaptic transmission in the central nervous system have not been fully identified. Here, we report that hyaluronan is a negative regulator of excitatory signals. At excitatory synapses, glutamate is removed by glutamate transporters to turn off the signal and prevent excitotoxicity. Hyaluronan synthesized by HAS supports the activity of glial glutamate transporter 1 (GLT1). GLT1 also retracted from cellular processes of cultured astrocytes after hyaluronidase treatment and hyaluronan synthesis inhibition. A serial knockout study showed that all three HAS subtypes recruit GLT1 to cellular processes. Furthermore, hyaluronidase treatment activated neurons in a dissociated rat hippocampal culture and caused neuronal damage due to excitotoxicity. Our findings reveal that hyaluronan helps to turn off excitatory signals by supporting glutamate clearance.
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Cover Image for this issue: doi: 10.1111/jnc.14516.