bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Numerical Simulation of the Influence of Large-scale Structures on Wave Force of Adjacent Small-scale Bars in Composite Structures
Authors: Li Zhenglin 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In order to calculate the wave loads on the small and medium scale bars of composite structures accurately, not only the action of incident wave but also the wave diffraction caused by near large-scale structure and the effect of radiation on wave load of small scale bars should be considered. In this paper, based on the VOF method, the three-dimensional wave numerical flume of the wave acting on the composite structure is constructed in Fluent. The incident wave force, diffraction wave force and total force acting on the composite structure are obtained by numerical calculation. Compared with the results obtained by using the Morison formula alone, the effectiveness of the wave loads calculated by the model is verified. The results show that under certain wave conditions, the wave diffraction caused by large-scale structures can not be ignored. In addition, the influence of the incident wave number, the diameter of the pile and the position of the pile on the wave load of the small-scale pile is also studied. The results can provide a scientific reference for the accurate calculation of wave loads on small-scale piles in marine engineering with composite structures.
Prediction of quantitative risk assessment and risk level criteria based on the data from oil tanker collision simulation at Kyauk Phyu Deep Sea Port, Myanmar
Authors: Nyi Toe Soe Nyi , Wu W Q , Chen Y 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The rates of ship accidents in waterways have been massively increased by many reasons including ship to ship collision. Collisions of crude oil tankers threat the health, safety and marine environment to its related surroundings. This study presents the QRA for double hull crude oil tanker collision in Kyauk Phyu Deep Sea Port of Myanmar navigational waterway by following the FSA guide lines. In order to present the useful simplified risk assessment method, the risk is predicted including frequencies, consequences analysis with the virtual ship collision model which is constructed based on the local situations. Furthermore risk acceptance criteria are also illustrated by F-N, F-T and F-P curves. The maximum acceptable risk levels are also conducted for social risk (1*10−3 fatalities per year), environmental risk (0.7*10−3 spills per year) and property risk (4*10−1 USD per year) respectively. Ultimately, this paper aims to develop the IMO’s FSA into simplified method and hopes to assist the local authorities’ decision making process in case of tanker incident occurs in this area.
Research on integrated power generation control system based on wind, rainwater and energy store battery
Authors: Hao Zhongjia , He Longying , Shen Lumin , Zhong Jie , Chen Pengpeng 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The exploitation and utilization of new energy is the current trend of the energy industry. By analyzing the characteristics of wind energy, rainwater energy, graphene and energy store battery, an overall scheme of wind, rainwater and energy store integrated power generation system for urban buildings is designed, so is its control system. The design of control system includes hardware design and software design. By this control system, it achieves the goal of charge control and discharge control. This system takes the microcontroller as the data acquisition and controller, the data which has processed is displayed in the screen, by this SX1278 wireless communication module, and the data is transmitted to the computer.
Comparison of human and bovine dental enamel by TEM and t-EBSD investigations
Authors: Koblischka-Veneva A. , Koblischka M. R. , Schmauch J. , Hannig M. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The microstructures of human dental enamel and bovine enamel are compared to each other. To obtain samples for transmission electron microscopy (TEM), focused ion-beam (FIB) milling is used. The preparation of such TEM-slices is found to be very effective when operating the FIB with adapted parameters. After the milling process, the TEM-slices are then thinned by means of the ion beam to achieve samples being transparent for the electron beam. With a home-built sample holder, the electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) can be operated in the scanning electron microscope (SEM) in transmission mode called t-EBSD. This technique enables the crystallographic orientation measurement on nanometer-sized, non-conducting enamel grains with a reasonable quality. Both TEM and t-EBSD images reveal a similar arrangement of the apatite crystals within the enamel, but it is obvious that the nanostructure of human enamel follows a more complex construction principle. The grain sizes of bovine enamel are much larger, and it is difficult to recognize the chain arrangement as found previously in the human enamel. As a result of the comparison, one can state that the nanostructure of human enamel is clearly more complicated than the bovine counterpart.
Strength and thermal properties of unfired four-hole hollow bricks manufactured from a mixture of cement, low-calcium fly ash and blended fine aggregates
Authors: Huynh Trong-Phuoc , Nguyen Trong-Chuc , Do Ngoc-Duy , Hwang Chao-Lung , Bui Le Anh-Tuan 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This study develops a new type of eco-friendly building brick so-called unfired four-hole hollow brick (UFHB) by using a mixture of ordinary Portland cement (OPC), low-calcium fly ash (FA), and different proportions of crushed sand (CS) and river sand (RS). A hydraulic-static pressure was applied to form the brick samples. The effect of various CS-RS blends on the mechanical strength of the UFHB samples was studied. In addition, the numerical method was applied to simulate the heat transfer process through the brick wall. The obtained results show that the UFHB mixture containing a mixture of 10% RS and 90% CS as blended fine aggregate registered the highest strength value in comparison with other UFHB mixtures. Moreover, utilization of the UFHB was highly effective in term of heat insulation as compared to the conventional brick.
Furfuryl alcohol-derived carbon monoliths for CO2 capture: adsorption isotherm and kinetic study
Authors: Singh J , Basu S , Bhunia H 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Porous carbon monoliths have been synthesized using furfuryl alcohol as a carbon precursor in the nanocasting technique. The highest surface area of 1225 m2g−1 was found for the carbon monolith exhibited the micropore volume of 0.85 cm3 g−1. The various functional groups have been obtained on the surface of the adsorbent which increases its basicity as confirmed from the XPS analysis. The dynamic CO2 uptake was 1.0 mmol g−1 at 30°C using temperature swing adsorption set up under 12.5% CO2 flow. The effect of various adsorption temperatures along with CO2 concentrations on the adsorption capacity was also investigated. The increase in the CO2 uptake capacity by rising the temperature from 30°C onwards to 100°C confirms the involvement of exothermic and physisorption process. Also, the experiments for five adsorption-desorption cyclic runs were conducted for the regeneration study, indicating the good stability and reusabilty of the samples.
A novel inertial sensor exploiting magnetic fluid
Authors: Zhang X , Xia X , Zhang W , Xiang Z 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Narrow available frequency range and low linearity of traditional magnetic fluid inertial sensors make them unpractical. A novel inertial sensor exploiting magnetic fluid is designed to solve these shortcomings. Through simulation and experiments, characteristics of magnetic fluid such as damping effect and levitation effect are studied. It shows that magnetic fluid has excellent damping effect which can be controlled by magnetic field. In order to improve the frequency response, both levitation and damping effect are used in sensors. Cylindrical permanent magnet is employed as the inertial mass, which can transform acceleration to the change of magnetic field. Linear hall sensor with high sensitivity is the transducer installed on the position where magnetic field gradient of cylindrical permanent magnet is maximal and has best linearity. Verification experiments of the designed sensor are conducted on vibration platform. Experimental results give that application of magnetic fluid for inertial sensor optimizes its performance greatly. Available frequency range of the designed sensor is increased by 256% after using magnetic fluid as damping material. This paper provides a reference for research on magnetic fluid and its application in inertial sensors.
Functional targeting nanomicelles with ph-triggered peptide activation for improved drug delivery in lung cancer
Authors: Wang Yuehua , Jia Fei , Yue Chunyan , Sun Jian , Wang Weizhi 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Mild acidic environment and tumor angiogenesis are two typical features. The specific response toward lower pH may increase the targeting ability both for drug delivery. Herein, we present a responding self-assembled nanoparticle that is tumor angiogenesis targeting and pH triggered based on a novel recognition peptide DP. DP is pH-responsive as well as the affinity ligand of tumor marker EGFR. Efficient drug delivery and in vitro therapy in cell level could be accelerated in the conditions of EGFR overexpression and a mild acidic environment. We believed that such responsive materials will open a new way to turn on target imaging diagnostics and specific cancer therapies.
Microstructure and properties of superconducting, ferromagnetic and hybrid nanowire networks of La1.85Sr0.15CuO4 and La0.5Sr0.5MnO3
Authors: Koblischka M. R. , Koblischka-Veneva A. , Zeng X. L. , Karwoth T. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
We have successfully fabricated La1-x
Sr
x
MnO3 (LSMO) nanowires with various x level, and La1.85Sr0.15CuO4 (LSCO) nanowires/nanoribbons via electrospinning. The colossal magnetoresistance (CMR) of the LSMO nanowire networks have been investigated. and the Tc of the LSCO nanowires and nanoribbons are around 19.2 K and 29.3 K respectively. Furthermore, we have established a LSCO/LSMO nanowire hybrid system. From obervation by scanning electron microscopy, the average diameter of the nanowires is around 220 nm and the average length can reach over 50 μmm. The randomly aligned LSCO and LSMO nanowires show numerous connections and form a complicated hybrid network system. The nanowires are polycrystalline with the grain size of ∼30 nm as confirmed by transmission electron microscopy and EBSD. According to four-probe electrical transportation measurements, the superconductivity of the hybrid sample is suppressed and an anti-magnetoresistance effect is observed. SQUID measurements of M(T) and M(H) were carried out as well, revealing the soft magnetic character of the nanowires.
Study of delignification process and crystallinity index on lignocellulose components of corn cob in different pretreatments: a combination of pretreatment (ionic choline acetate and NaOH) and NaOH pretreatment
Authors: Rofiqah U. , Safitri A. , Fadhilah  
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This study studied the effect of combination pretreatment (ionic liquid choline acetate and NaOH) and pretreatment of NaOH in the process of delignification and lignocellulose crystallinity index. This process was carried out to obtain a good lignocellulose biomass, which has a low lignin content and a high crystallinity index to be prepared as a raw material for making bioethanol. Low lignin content and high index of crystallinity can influence the success of the enzymatic hydrolysis process and of course bioethanol production. In the combination of pretreatment, the highest lignin removal was found from process with 5% of NaOH as much as 41.63% but the cristalinity index was found from proces with 3% of NaOH as much as 46.33. While, In the NaOH pretreatment, the highest lignin removal and cristalinity index was found from process with 5% of NaOH as much as 7.63% and 3.87, respectively.
Assessment of climatic variation on bio cement mortar-based infrastructure
Authors: Abdulkareem M , Ayeronfe F , Majid M Z A , Sam A R M , Kim J H J 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Over the last few decades, effects of climate change have been widely studied by researchers. This change alters environmental conditions, which in turns influence the activities of bacteria. Therefore, this study assesses the effect of climatic variation on bio cement mortar- based infrastructure. This is achieved by evaluating the effects of temperature and relative humidity on the compressive strength of bio cement mortar. The bacteria used in the bio cement mortar are bacillus subtilis. 30 ml of bacillus subtiliss pore solution was added to the mix to create bio cement mortar. Test sample cubes of bio cement mortar were prepared and cured at different temperatures and different relative humidity. In addition, control sample cubes of cement mortar without bacteria were water cured. The 7- and 28-days compressive strengths were obtained. The results showed that the compressive strength of the bio cement mortar increased as both temperature and relative humidity increased. The 7- and 28-days compressive strengths increased by as much as 83.3% and 110% respectively when temperature increased, and by as much as 106.1% and 73.5% respectively when relative humidity was increased.
Characterization of coffee grounds as biosorbent for removal dyes from aquaeous solutions
Authors: Mukti N. I. F. , Hidayat A. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Low cost and effective biomass wastes may have ample applications in water decontamination procedures. Coffee waste is one of the most populer were used as low cost adsorbents for the removal of dyes from aqueous solutions. The aim of this research is to study the effect of washing the coffee residue for dyes adsorption. The characterization functional group of adsorbents was characterized with FTIR, and proximate analysis. The experimental data obtained in the present study indicate that coffee grounds are suitable for use as biosorbents in the removal of dyes.
Machinations of the British Medical Association: Excluding Refugee Doctors from Queensland’s Medical Profession, 1937–1942
Authors: Wolf Gabrielle 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
When medical practitioners fled from the Nazi regime in the 1930s, the British Medical Association (hereafter BMA), the representative body of the medical profession in the British Empire, agitated strenuously to prevent ‘refugee doctors’, as they were described, from practising medicine throughout the Empire. Prominent BMA representatives pursued this agenda in Australia through their appointment to statutory state-based authorities that registered and regulated doctors'. This article investigates how, between 1937 and 1942, they sought to use those bodies’ registration and disciplinary powers in Queensland to exclude refugee doctors. They were particularly persistent in this state given its government's resistance to BMA pressure to pass legislation restricting refugee doctors’ eligibility for registration. In so doing, the article contributes new perspectives to scholarship that analyses the BMA’s effectiveness as a pressure group. This article’s exploration of motives for the BMA’s animosity towards refugee doctors also builds on histories of the medical profession and of ethnicity within it.
Geographic Variation in Habitat Structure of the Black-Throated Green Warbler (Dendroica virens)
Authors: Collins Scott L. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Habitat structure of the Black-throated Green Warbler (Dendroica virens) was examined at five study sites: (1) Mount Desert Island, Maine; (2) Mount Blue State Park, Maine; (3) White Mountain National Forest, New Hampshire; (4) southern Adirondacks, New York; and (5) Itasca State Park, Minnesota. Principal component analysis of 13 habitat-structure variables measured at each site produced habitat gradients from tall to shorter canopies, large to smaller trees, and coniferous to deciduous forests. A second ordination indicated that the habitat sampled included five plant-community types: pine forests, spruce-arbor vitae, balsam fir, mixed spruce-fir-deciduous, and beech-maple-birch. Consistent structural features within the total range of habitats sampled were difficult to identify. I suggest that widely occurring species such as the Black-throated Green Warbler have a wide range of habitats with a suitable structure and that regional analyses, even within a single plant-community type, may be of limited value with regard to habitat management when considering the entire range of many species.
The Structure of Aerial Displays in Three Species of Calidridinae (Scolopacidae)
Authors: Miller Edward H. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Sandpipers in the subfamily Calidridinae (Scolopacidae) breed in the Arctic and Subarctic. In all species, unpaired males engage in distinctive aerial displays. Such displays are described for three species: Dunlin (Calidris alpina L.), Semipalmated Sandpiper (Calidris pusilla L.), and Stilt Sandpiper (Calidris himantopus Bonaparte). In each of the species, displays last several minutes, during which simple monotonous calls are emitted; more complex calls (including "song") also occur. C. himantopus has a unique flight mode, which is considered as apomorphous (derived) within the subfamily. C. alpina is apomorphous for the buzziness of the main vocalization emitted in aerial display and C. pusilla for loss of the same vocalization and elaboration of another. The ancestral/derived status and systematic value of these and other display components are discussed, with reference to information available for other calidridine species.
Generalization of and Effects of Pre-Exposure on Color-Avoidance Learning by Red-Winged Blackbirds (Agelaius phoeniceus)
Authors: Mason J. Russell , Reidinger Russell F. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
We report two experiments designed to assess whether quality of color (and shades) influences food-aversion learning by Red-winged Blackbirds (Agelaius phoeniceus). In Experiment 1, Red-wings were given food paired with one of two shades of red or green followed by toxicant-induced sickness. In subsequent tests for generalization of the learned aversions, avoidance of red was generalized broadly to other shades of red, whereas avoidance of green appeared to be relatively stimulus specific. In Experiment 2, we pre-exposed Red-wings to a single shade of red or green in a feeding context for 4 days. Then the birds were conditioned as in Experiment 1 and tested for expression of learned color aversions. Although pre-exposure weakened expression of aversions to both colors, such effects were more pronounced for green. The effects were greater for birds pre-exposed to the conditioning color in close association with the food than for birds pre-exposed to the conditioning color away from food. Generalization of conditioned aversions and resistance to the effects of pre-exposure may reflect adaptations of Red-wings for prey selection. It would appear adaptive for birds to generalize avoidance learning broadly for conspicuously colored, noxious prey and to exhibit such learning regardless of prior experience with the color. Conversely, because few cryptically colored (e.g. green) prey are noxious, it would be adaptive for learning to be specific for the noxious individuals alone. Finally, we believe that the generalization of learned aversions could serve as a useful criterion in selecting appropriate color stimuli for use in bird control (i.e. repellency) and that the methods presented here could provide one empirical means of assessing such generalizations.
Parasitic Egg Laying in Redheads and Ruddy Ducks in Utah: Incidence and Success
Authors: Joyner David E. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
North American Ruddy Ducks (Oxyura jamaicensis) and Redheads (Aythya americana) lay eggs parasitically in other waterfowl nests. Interspecific egg parasitism at Farmington Bay Waterfowl Management Area (WMA), Utah during 1972-1974 affected 290 (36%) of 809 duck nests. Redheads deposited 812 eggs into 264 nests of other species, whereas Ruddy Ducks deposited 146 eggs into 62 nests. Of 620 Redhead eggs deposited interspecifically and for which success rates were known, 21% hatched, compared with 24% of 146 Ruddy Duck eggs. Forty-three percent of the Redheads and 7% of the Ruddy Ducks produced on the study site hatched from eggs deposited interspecifically. An unknown number of Redhead and Ruddy ducklings hatched from eggs deposited intraspecifically. Rates of egg parasitism in Redheads and Ruddy Ducks did not increase in response to severe fluctuations in water levels affecting habitat used by nesting waterfowl, nor was a lack of suitable nesting cover associated with Redhead or Ruddy Duck parasitism. These results counter the contention that parasitic tendencies in the Redhead, and perhaps the Ruddy Duck, are environmentally induced.
Factors Affecting the Distribution of Mallards Wintering in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley
Authors: Nichols James D. , Reinecke Kenneth J. , Hines James E. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The Mississippi Alluvial Valley (MAV) is the principal wintering area for Mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) in the Mississippi Flyway. Here, we consider it a distinct habitat (sensu Fretwell 1972), i.e. fitness is relatively homogeneous among ducks within the MAV but different from that of ducks in other such habitats. We analyzed recovery distributions of Mallards banded preseason (July-September 1950-1980) to test hypotheses concerning the effects of winter temperatures, precipitation, and population levels on Mallard winter distribution. When two groups of years that comprised extremes of warm and cold winter weather were compared, recovery distributions of all four age and sex classes (adult males and females, young males and females) differed significantly; recoveries were located farther south in cold years. Recovery distributions also differed between wet and dry years in the MAV for all groups except adult males, higher proportions of recoveries of adult females and of young males and females occurring in the MAV during wet winters. Although differences in continental Mallard population size were associated with differences in recovery distributions only of adult males and young females, the proportion of young males and of all young Mallards recovered in the MAV increased during years of low populations. We conclude that temperature, water conditions, and population size affect the habitat suitability of Mallard wintering areas and that Mallards exhibit considerable flexibility in winter distribution associated with these factors.