bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanical response characteristics and permeability evolution of coal samples under cyclic loading
Authors: Yang Xuelin , Cao Jie , Cheng Xiaoyang , Liu Yanbao , Li Xuelong , Sun Zhongguang , Guo Junjie 
Published: June 2019

AbstractUnderstanding the stress‐cracks‐permeability evolution law inside coal body under cyclic loading is significant to optimize the gas extraction technology and gas disasters prevention technology. In order to explore the influence of mining cyclic stress on the mechanical behavior and permeability variation of gas‐bearing seams, the experiments on permeability evolution, deformation law, and acoustic emission (AE) characteristics of coal samples under cyclic loading with different loading stress level and different loading frequency were carried out. These results indicate that the higher loading stress level, the shorter the fatigue life of coal sample. With the increase of the loading stress level, the change rate of permeability became higher and the relation curves between permeability and loading cycles developed from “U” to “V,” which can be defined and divided into three stages, for example, decrease stage, stable stage, and increase stage. And the permeability in the decrease stage can be modeled as a power function of the loading cycles, while the permeability in the increase stage can be modeled as an exponential function of the loading cycles. Besides, the loading stress level has a significant on the permeability, while the loading frequency has little impact on the permeability evolution. In the process of coal deformation under cyclic loading, the strain development of strain coal samples was in the shape of inverted “S,” while the variation of the peak values of corresponding AE ring counts presented “U” type. In addition, there was a good correlation between the permeability and the AE parameters of coal samples, which provide a new sight into the dynamic variation process of the stress‐cracks‐permeability evolution inside coal body under cyclic loading.
Achieving Sustainability Through Sustainable Organizational Evaluation Systems
Authors: Porter Stephen , Hawkins Penny 
Published: June 2019

AbstractOrganizational evaluation systems become sustainable through being networked, use‐focused, and by undertaking processes aligned with agreed‐upon quality standards. Through being sustainable, organizational evaluation systems can more effectively contribute to the aims and values of sustainable development by undertaking evaluation processes that enable the understanding of complexity, and generate process use, learning loops, and networks of practice. The importance of developing networks of evaluation practice is specifically highlighted in this chapter as it has received less coverage than the importance of use and quality in the literature on evaluation systems.
Experimental and numerical study of water spray system for a fire event in a confined and mechanically ventilated compartment
Authors: Vaux Samuel , Prétrel Hugues , Audouin Laurent 
Published: June 2019

SummaryThe present work addresses the application of a water spray system in case of a fire event in large‐scale experiments for nuclear safety issues. It focuses on the interaction between a water spray system and a stratified smoke layer due to a pool fire in a mechanically ventilated enclosure. This study is supported by a set of four large‐scale tests and one numerical simulation with a 3D CFD software, named CALIF3S/ISIS, and developed by the French Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN). The modelling used in this paper is based on an Eulerian‐Lagrangian approach. The fire tests are performed in a 165  −m3 mechanically ventilated single room. The fire is a lubricant oil pool fire of about 400 kW. The ventilation flow rate is 2550 m3.h−1 and corresponds to a renewal rate of 15.5 h−1. The spray nozzles are deluge and sprinkler type. The test parameters are the water flow rate, the time of activation, and the duration of activation. Based on the large‐scale experiments and the numerical simulation, four typical physical mechanisms have been enlightened. The first one corresponds to the cooling of the gas phase that is the straightforward consequence of the heat transfer exchange between the water droplets and the surrounding gas. The second effect is the process of gas mixing and homogenization induced by the water spraying system. The gas concentrations (O2, CO2) in the upper and lower parts of the room tend to the same level. The third effect is the significant increase of the fire heat release rate (HRR), up to 25 %, when the water spray is activated. Then, the last noteworthy effect is the occurrence of gas pressure peaks when the water spray is activated or shut off, consequence of the sudden change of the gas temperature. The processes of gas cooling and fire HRR increase are showed to be the main causes of these variations of gas pressure.
Loading lime by‐product into derivative cellulose carrier for food enrichment
Authors: Afkhami Rana , Goli Mohammad , Keramat Javad 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe objective here is to enrich orange juice through encapsulated lime by‐product extract (LBE) through freeze‐drying, in order to increase lime by‐product consumption, in addition to increasing nutrition value of orange juice. The properties of both the LBE and microparticles are measured. The total polyphenolic compound (TPC) was measured to be 34.5 ± 0.5 (mg gallic acid/g LBE). The obtained value of encapsulation efficiency (EE) was within the 55%–70% range. The encapsulation method was satisfactory. The particle size is within 10–21 μm range, and differences between all treatments were statistically notable (p < 0.05). The lack of melting peaks in the thermal profiles by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) of microparticles confirmed that hesperidin was well embedded in the polymeric cover. According to the sensory evaluations of orange juice which was enriched with LBE microparticles, the bitter taste was not perceived in some treatments.
A Facile Electrochemical Method for Graphene Nanoplatelets Preparation Using Multi‐walled Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Danilov M. O. , Rusetskii I. A. , Slobodyanyuk I. A. , Dovbeshko G. I. , Khyzhun O. Y. , Strelchuk V. V. , Kolbasov G. Ya. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractWe report on facile method of graphene nanoplatelets synthesis by electrochemical method using multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). For the synthesis procedure we utilize standard redox potential of the carbon atom belonging to carboxyl groups. The graphene oxide was obtained by anodic oxidation of MWCNTs in 80% sulfuric acid at optimum oxidation potential +3.0 V for 4 h. The subsequent electrochemical reduction of the obtained material was carried out in an alkaline medium. The successful electrochemical production of the graphene nanoplatelets from MWCNTs was confirmed by different experimental techniques, in particular TEM, XRD, XPS, XES, FTIR and Raman spectroscopy. The current‐voltage characteristics of the oxygen electrodes produced from the electrochemically obtained graphene nanoplatelets were investigated. It was shown that the graphene nanoplatelets produced by electrochemical method is a promising material for fuel cell electrodes.
The Effect of Potential Cycling on High Temperature PEM Fuel Cell with Different Flow Field Designs
Authors: Bandlamudi V. , Bujlo P. , Linkov V. , Pasupathi S. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractDegradation of phosphoric acid doped polybenzimidazole membrane based fuel cells under accelerated potential cycling conditions is investigated in current study. Three unit cells with identical high temperature membrane electrode assembly were assembled with three different cathode flow field designs. The fuel cell is cycled between 0.5 V and 0.9 V with 3 min dwelling time for each voltage set point. Performance degradation mechanisms associated with differences in cathode flow design are identified. The fuel cell with multiple serpentine design is operated for a maximum of 4,821 potential cycles with only 38.6% of initial performance remaining at the end‐of‐test (EoT), whereas straight and parallel design operated for only 3,188 cycles. The electrochemical characterization studies reveal the cause of observed performance losses from polarization curves. Irrespective of the design type used there are very high activation losses observed which accelerated with accelerated stress tests (AST) testing. The impedance studies reveal high charge transfer resistance related to increased platinum crystal growth on cathode and reduced electrochemical surface area (ECSA) of catalyst. Overall the AST results in irreversible performance loss and severe degradation of the cathode catalyst support and catalyst itself.
Zn‐incorporation with graphene oxide on Ti substrates surface to improve osteogenic activity and inhibit bacterial adhesion
Authors: Tao Bailong , Chen Maowen , Lin Chuanchuan , Lu Lu , Yuan Zhang , Liu Ju , Liao Qiang , Xia Zengzilu , Peng Zhihong , Cai Kaiyong 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe poor osseointegration and postoperative bacterial infection are prominently responsible for the failure of titanium (Ti)‐based implant in clinic. To address above issues, methacryloyl modified graphene oxide (GOMA) as zinc ions (Zn2+) reservoir and release platform was fabricated on the Ti substrates with cathode electrophoresis deposition (EPD). Afterward, phenylboronic acid (PBA) functionalization methacryloyl‐gelatin (GelMA‐PBA) was reacting with GOMA through in situ free‐radical polymerization to prepare GO‐Zn/GelMA‐PBA coating. The obtained coating was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Zn ions release property, respectively. in vitro cellular experiments including cell activity, alkaline phosphatase, collagen secretion, extracellular matrix (ECM) mineralization, osteogenic genes and proteins, revealed that GO‐Zn/GelMA‐PBA coating was beneficial for enhancing the adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation of osteoblasts. The positive results were related to the existence of gelatin, formation of boronic ester between PBA groups, and carbohydrates of osteoblasts surface. Meanwhile, antibacterial assay against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa confirmed that GO‐Zn/GelMA‐PBA coating on Ti substrates had superior antibacterial capacity, availably inhibited the bacterial adhesion, and prevented formation of biofilm. Hence, the study provides a promising strategy for designing pro‐osteogenesis and antibacterial coating on Ti substrates for orthopedic applications.
Can Classification and Regression Tree Analysis Help Identify Clinically Meaningful Risk Groups for Hip Fracture Prediction in Older American Men (The MrOS Cohort Study)?
Authors: Su Yi , Kwok Timothy C Y , Cummings Steven R , Yip Benjamin H K , Cawthon Peggy M 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTAlthough the WHO fracture risk algorithm (FRAX) is used to predict fracture, the utility of some simple machine‐learning methods, such as classification and regression trees (CARTs) should be evaluated to determine their efficacy in fracture prediction. Follow‐up time for the hip fracture analyses of 5977 community‐dwelling American men aged ≥65 years old was truncated to 10 years. There were 172 (2.9%) men who had an incident nontraumatic hip fracture. The CARTs were developed using hip BMD and common clinical risk factors as follows: model 1 = using classification with continuous variables of age, total hip BMD, and femoral neck BMD, or together with common clinical risk factors; and model 2 = using classification with continuous variables of age, total hip BMD, femoral neck BMD, FRAX score, osteoporosis by T‐score at the hip, and common clinical risk factors. The predictive performance of risk models derived from CARTs was compared with the basic classification of FRAX at 3% (basic model). From model 1, discriminators selected by CART were total hip BMD, age, and femoral neck BMD; no other clinical risk factors were selected. From model 2, discriminators selected by CART were FRAX score, femoral neck BMD, and age. Compared with the basic model using only a high‐risk group by FRAX ≥3%, no significantly improved predictive performance was demonstrated by model 1 or model 2 as identified by CART with the area under the receiver‐operating characteristic curve for each model of 0.714 (95% CI, 0.676 to 0.751) or 0.726 (95% CI, 0.690 to 0.762) versus 0.703 (95% CI, 0.667 to 0.740), respectively. The improved overall net reclassification improvement index was 0.02 (95% CI, –0.04 to 0.08) and 0.05 (95% CI, –0.01 to 0.10), respectively. Although a FRAX category is a good clinical indicator for hip fracture risk, a simple classification by age and BMD may provide an alternative way to estimate a clinical risk level of 3.0%. © 2019 The Authors. JBMR Plus is published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
miR‐21‐5p inhibits neuropathic pain development via directly targeting C‐C motif ligand 1 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase‐3
Authors: Zhong Liang , Xiao Weimin , Wang Fang , Liu Juan , Zhi Li‐Jun 
Published: June 2019

AbstractMicroRNAs (miRNA) play important roles in neuroinflammation and neuropathic pain development; however, the underlying mechanism requires further investigation. The expression of miR‐21‐5p was remarkably upregulated in chronic constrictive injury (CCI) rat model. A significant alleviated neuropathic pain development and reduced the expression of cytokines was observed in CCI rat after exogenous injection of miR‐21‐5p mimic. The dual‐luciferase analysis revealed that tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase‐3 (TIMP3) and chemokines C‐C motif ligand 1 (CCL1) was direct downstream target of miR‐21‐5p. Moreover, silencing of TIMP3 and CCL1 could rescue mechanical allodynia, thermal hyperalgesia and cytokine release in CCI rat, suggesting that TIMP3 and CCL1 exert their function by mediating neuroinflammation in neuropathic pain development. Therefore, we have identified a novel miR‐21‐5p–CCL1/TIMP3‐cytokine axis in regulation of neuropathic pain development in CCI rat model, which is valuable for enhancing our understanding of neuropathic pain and developing miRNAs as potential therapeutic options in the future.
lncRNA MEG3 modified epithelial‐mesenchymal transition of ovarian cancer cells by sponging miR‐219a‐5p and regulating EGFR
Authors: Wang Lei , Yu Mingxin , Zhao Shanshan 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis study was aimed to verify whether there existed any associations between long noncoding RNA MEG3/miR‐219a‐5p/EGFR axis and the development of ovarian cancer (OC). As a whole, we gathered 317 pairs of OC tissues and surgical marginal normal tissues and simultaneously acquired four OC cell lines (ie, A2780, Caov‐3, OVCAR‐3, and SKOV‐3) and human normal ovarian surface epithelial cell line. Moreover, pcDNA3.1‐MEG3, si‐MEG3, miR‐219a‐5p mimic, miR‐219a‐5p inhibitor, pcDNA3.1‐EGFR, and si‐EGFR were, respectively, transfected into the OC cells, and their impacts on viability, proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and migration of OC cells were assessed via conduction of MTT assay, colony formation assay, flow cytometry assay, transwell assay, and scratch assay. Ultimately, dual‐luciferase reporter gene assay was performed to testify the targeted relationships among maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3), miR‐219a‐5p, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (EGFR). It was indicated that underexpressed MEG3 and miR‐219a‐5p were significantly associated with unfavorable prognosis of patients with OC when compared with overexpressed MEG3 and miR‐219a‐5p (P < .05). In addition, the OC cells transfected with si‐MEG3 or miR‐219a‐5p inhibitor exhibited stronger viability, proliferation, invasion, and migration than untreated cells (P < .05). Correspondingly, the apoptotic percentage of OC cells was reduced observably under treatments of si‐MEG3 and miR‐219a‐5p inhibitor (P < .05). Moreover, MEG3 exerted modulatory effects on the expression of miR‐219a‐5p (P < .05), and there was a sponging relationship between them (P < .05). Finally, EGFR expression was modified by both MEG3 and miR‐219a‐5p significantly (P < .05), and raising EGFR expression could changeover the impacts of MEG3 and miR‐219a‐5p on the above‐mentioned activity of OC cells (P < .05). Conclusively, MEG3 could serve as a promising biomarker for diagnosis and treatment of OC, considering its involvement with OC etiology via regulation of miR‐219a‐5p/EGFR axis.
Computational design and evaluation of β‐sheet breaker peptides for destabilizing Alzheimer's amyloid‐β42 protofibrils
Authors: Shuaib Suniba , Narang Simranjeet Singh , Goyal Deepti , Goyal Bhupesh 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe β‐sheet breaker (BSB) peptides interfere with amyloid fibril assembly and used as therapeutic agents in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this regard, a simple yet effective in silico screening methodology was applied in the present study to evaluate a potential 867 pentapeptide library based on known BSB peptide, LPFFD, for destabilizing Aβ42 protofibrils. The molecular docking based virtual screening was used to filter out pentapeptides having binding affinities stronger than LPFFD. In the next step, binding free energies of the top 10 pentapeptides were evaluated using the MM‐PBSA method. The residue‐wise binding free energy analysis reveals that two pentapeptides, PVFFE, and PPFYE, bind to the surface of Aβ42 protofibril and another pentapeptide, PPFFE, bind in the core region of Aβ42 protofibril. By employing molecular dynamics simulation as a post filter for the top‐hit peptides from MM‐PBSA, the pentapeptides, PPFFE, PVFFE, and PPFYE, have been identified as potential BSB peptides for destabilizing Aβ42 protofibril structure. The conformational microstate analysis, a significant decrease in the β‐sheet content of Aβ42 protofibril, a loss in the total number of hydrogen bonds in Aβ42 protofibril, Asp23‐Lys28 salt bridge destabilization and analysis of the free energy surfaces highlight Aβ42 protofibril structure destabilization in presence of pentapeptides. Among three top‐hit pentapeptides, PPFFE displayed the most potent Aβ42 protofibril destabilization effect that shifted the energy minima toward lowest value of β‐sheet content as well as lowest number of hydrogen bonds in Aβ42 protofibril. The in silico screening workflow presented in the study highlight an alternative tool for designing novel peptides with enhanced BSB ability as potential therapeutic agents for AD.
Key candidate genes associated with BRAFV600E in papillary thyroid carcinoma on microarray analysis
Authors: Yu Xiaqing , Zhong Peng , Han Yali , Huang Qingqing , Wang Jian , Jia Chengyou , Lv Zhongwei 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe mechanisms of B‐type Raf kinase (BRAF) V600E mutation in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) remain to be elucidated. With the aim to investigate the key candidate genes distinctive to BRAFV600E‐PTC, we analyzed the transcriptomics data from three microarray datasets (GSE27155, GSE54958, and GSE58545) and identified 491 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between BRAFV600E‐PTC and BRAFwild type‐PTC. Functional enrichment analysis of DEGs revealed that negative regulation of wound healing may be involved in the BRAFV600E‐related pathogenesis in PTC. Weighted gene coexpression network analysis revealed BRAFV600E‐related coexpressed genes in PTC, from which hub genes were selected. The intersection of DEGs and hub genes revealed 31 candidates, wherein GRB7, SNAP25, SLC35F2, FAM155B, HGD, and ITPR1 were rendered the key candidate genes via receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. On further characterization, the six key genes displayed significantly different expression patterns at different cytomorphology, however, with no significant difference in overall survival. These results provide novel insights into the key genes distinctive to of BRAFV600E in PTC and might be suggestive as therapeutic targets for further application.
Association of Metformin Use With End‐Stage Renal Disease in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Nationwide Cohort Study Under the Pay‐for‐Performance Program
Authors: Lee Ming‐Chia , Lee Chih‐Hsin , Chang Lih‐Yu , Chang Chia‐Hao , Zhang Jun‐Fu , Lee Meng‐Rui , Wang Jann‐Yuan , Chen Shih‐Ming 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAnimal studies have demonstrated that metformin exerts a renoprotective effect. Human studies of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) regarding the association of metformin use with end‐stage renal disease (ESRD) are lacking. Patients with type 2 DM and without a history of kidney disease who were enrolled under the pay‐for‐performance program of the National Health Insurance in Taiwan were identified. Those who received ≥90 cumulative defined daily doses of metformin within 1 year were selected (metformin users) and compared with a 1:1 propensity score–matched metformin nonuser cohort. Primary and secondary outcomes were development of ESRD and chronic kidney disease (CKD), respectively. Independent predictors were investigated using Cox regression analysis. A total of 24 158 pairs of metformin users and nonusers were enrolled, with an incidence of ESRD of 1908 and 1723 and CKD of 1095 and 1056 cases per 100 000 person‐years, respectively. Metformin use was independently associated with increased risks of ESRD (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.22; 95% confidence interval, 1.12‐1.32) and CKD (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.25; 95% confidence interval, 1.12‐1.40) in a dose‐response relationship. Patients with hypertension plus nonuse of angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin II receptor blockers potentiated kidney damage by metformin. In patients with DM, use of metformin may increase the risk of ESRD and CKD. Health care professionals should be alert and closely monitor renal function when prescribing metformin.
Preparation and application of molecularly imprinted polymer solid‐phase microextraction fiber for the selective analysis of auxins in tobacco
Authors: Zhang Qing , Fan Liangbiao , Lu Qiaomei , Yu Xiaozhang , Liang Meina , Nie Jinfang , Li Ningjie , Zhang Lan 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAs signal molecules, auxins play an important role in mediating plant growth. Due to serious interfering substances in plants, it is difficult to accurately detect auxins with traditional solid‐phase extraction methods. To improve the selectivity of sample pretreatment, a novel molecularly imprinted polymer ‐coated solid‐phase microextraction fiber, which could be coupled directly to high‐performance liquid chromatography, was prepared with indole acetic acid as template molecule for the selective extraction of auxins. The factors influencing the polymer formation, such as polymerization solvent, cross‐linker, and polymerization time, were investigated in detail to enhance the performance of indole acetic acid‐molecularly imprinted polymer coating. The morphological and chemical stability of this molecularly imprinted polymer‐coated fiber was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, infrared spectrometry, and thermal analysis. The extraction capacity of the molecularly imprinted polymer‐coated solid‐phase microextraction fiber was evaluated for the selective extraction of indole acetic acid and indole‐3‐pyruvic acid followed by high‐performance liquid chromatography analysis. The linear range for indole acetic acid and indole‐3‐pyruvic acid was 1–100 µg/L and their detection limit was 0.5 µg/L. The method was applied to the simultaneous determination of two auxins in two kinds of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L and Nicotiana rustica L) samples, with recoveries range from 82.1 to 120.6%.