bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Total gestational weight gain and the risk of preeclampsia by pre-pregnancy body mass index categories: a population-based cohort study from 2013 to 2017
Authors: Premru-Srsen Tanja , Kocic Zorana , Fabjan Vodusek Vesna , Geršak Ksenija , Verdenik Ivan 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Background
Identifying the risk factors for preeclampsia (PE) is essential for the implementation of preventive actions. In the present study, we aimed at exploring the association between total gestational weight gain (GWG) and PE.

Methods
We performed a population-based cohort survey of 98,820 women with singleton pregnancies who delivered in Slovenia from 2013 to 2017. Aggregated data were obtained from the National Perinatal Information System (NPIS). The main outcome measure was the incidence of PE. The main exposure variable was total GWG standardized for the gestational duration by calculating the z-scores. The associations between total GWG and PE stratified by pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) categories adjusted for a variety of covariates were determined using multivariable logistic regression. We calculated the crude odds ratio (OR) and adjusted odds ratio (aOR) with a 95% confidence interval using a two-way test.

Results
Excessive GWG was associated with increased odds of PE in all pre-pregnancy BMI categories. The increase in the odds of PE by 445% was the highest in underweight women and by 122% was the lowest in obese women. Low GWG was associated with decreased odds of PE in all pre-pregnancy BMI categories except in normal-weight women with a GWG below −2 standard deviation (SD) and underweight women. The decrease in the odds of PE by 67% was the highest in obese women and by 41% was the lowest in normal-weight women.

Conclusion
Excessive GWG is a significant risk factor for PE, especially in underweight women, while low GWG is an important protective factor against PE, especially in obese women.
Context-Based Roles and Competencies of Data Curators in Supporting Research Data Lifecycle Management: Multi-Case Study in China
Authors: Fan Zhenjia 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Focusing on the main research question of what the critical roles and competencies of data curation are in supporting research data life cycle management, this paper adopts a multi-case study method, with data governance frameworks, to analyze stakeholders and data curators, and their competencies, based on different contexts from cases from enterprises and academic libraries in mainland China. Via the context and business analysis on different cases, critical roles such as data supervisor, data steward, and data custodian in guaranteeing data quality and efficiency of data reuse are put forward. Based on the general factor framework summarized via existing literature, suggestions for empowering data curators’ competencies are raised according to the cases. The findings of this paper are as follows: besides digital archiving and preservation, more emphasis should be placed on data governance in the field of data curation. Data curators are closely related but not equivalent to stakeholders of data governance. The different roles of data curators would play their own part in the process of data curation and can be specified as data supervisor, data steward, and data custodian according to given contexts. The roles, competencies, and empowerment strategies presented in this paper might have both theoretical and practical significance for the fields of both data curation and data governance.
Semiconductor infrared plasmonics
Authors: Taliercio Thierry , Biagioni Paolo 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The coupling between light and collective oscillations of free carriers at metallic surfaces and nanostructures is at the origin of one of the main fields of nanophotonics: plasmonics. The potential applications offered by plasmonics range from biosensing to solar cell technologies and from nonlinear optics at the nanoscale to light harvesting and extraction in nanophotonic devices. Heavily doped semiconductors are particularly appealing for the infrared spectral window due to their compatibility with microelectronic technologies, which paves the way toward their integration in low-cost, mass-fabricated devices. In addition, their plasma frequency can be tuned chemically, optically, or electrically over a broad spectral range. This review covers the optical properties of the heavily doped conventional semiconductors such as Ge, Si, or III–V alloys and how they can be successfully employed in plasmonics. The modeling of their specific optical properties and the technological processes to realize nanoantennas, slits, or metasurfaces are presented. We also provide an overview of the applications of this young field of research, mainly focusing on biosensing and active devices, among the most recent developments in semiconductor plasmonics. Finally, an outlook of further research directions and the potential technological transfer is presented.
Electrochemical synthesis and amidation of benzoin: benzamides from benzaldehydes
Authors: Rocco Daniele , Chiarotto Isabella , Mattiello Leonardo , Pandolfi Fabiana , Zane Daniela , Feroci Marta 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The benzoin condensation starting from benzaldehyde and the subsequent benzoin amidation to benzamide can be efficiently carried out under very mild conditions in an electrolysis cell. Among the advantages of using electrochemistry to generate our active reagents, the use of the easily dosed and non pollutant electron, instead of stoichiometric amounts of redox reagents or bases, usually renders the electrochemical methodology “greener” than classical organic reactions. Benzoin is obtained in good yield (85 %) carrying out the reaction in the room temperature ionic liquid BMIm-BF4. In this electrochemical reaction this liquid salt assumes the double role of solvent-supporting electrolyte system and precatalyst, yielding the corresponding N-heterocyclic carbene. The subsequent benzoin amidation is carried out by electrochemically generated superoxide anion, in the presence of an aliphatic primary or secondary amine. In this case the system superoxide/molecular oxygen acts as base and oxidant, yielding very good yields of benzamides (up to 89 %).
Transaction Utility of End-User Pirates – An Analysis
Authors: Basu Paulomi , Banerjee Tanmoyee 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The present study hypothesized the concept of transaction utility that consumers receive from end-user piracy and assumes that it is positively associated with the difference between the price of original good and cost of copying the pirated product. We assume two groups of consumers – one enjoying transaction utility from piracy and the other not enjoying the same. The results show that a monopolist producing information-goods will adopt a low-price low-quality strategy in presence of transaction utility. An increase in the quality of the pirated product will also induce the firm to continue with the low-price–low-quality strategy. However, an increase in the proportion of the consumers not receiving transaction utility from piracy will increase the price and quality of the original good. In addition, with an increase in the average and marginal willingness-to-pay parameter of the consumers, the price, quality and profit of the original good will increase. The expected piracy rate is observed to be decreasing in transaction utility parameter when the upper boundary of willingness-to-pay parameter of the consumer is below a critical level.
Messen von asphärischen Linsenformen mittels räumlicher Kohärenz
Authors: Müller André F. , Falldorf Claas , Ehret Gerd , Bergmann Ralf B. 
Published: May 2019

Zusammenfassung
Wir zeigen den Vergleich zweier interferometrischer Verfahren zur Formprüfung anhand einer Messung an einer Zylinderlinse. Das erste Verfahren, die Multiple Aperture Shear Interferometry (MArS), basiert auf der Messung der Kohärenzfunktion mittels eines Scher-Interferometers. Es erlaubt interferometrische Messungen unter gleichzeitiger Verwendung mehrerer unabhängiger und teilkohärenter Lichtquellen, und ermöglicht so eine flexible, an den Prüfling anpassbare Ausleuchtung. Als Vergleichsverfahren kommt die Computational Shear Interferometry (CoSI) zur Messung von Wellenfronten zum Einsatz. Da beide Messverfahren auf einem Scher-Interferometer basieren, ist ein direkter Vergleich unter identischen Umgebungsbedingungen möglich.
The importance of parathormone in determining the deficiency of vitamin D
Authors: Uğur Sevcan , Kaçar Cahit , Özdem Sebahat 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Background
To evaluate the association of parathormone with vitamin D and to find a threshold value for vitamin D.

Material and methods
This descriptive study included 11,753 (2352 males, 9401 females) patients from University hospital and 25-OH vitamin D and PTH levels were evaluated.

Results
The mean parathormone level was 49.33 ± 22.39 pg/mL. 18.7% of the patients had hyperparathyroidism. 77.4% of the patients had low 25-OH D vitamins. There was a negative correlation between serum parathormone levels and 25-OH vitamin D levels. The minimum 25-OH vitamin D level to keep PTH below 65 pg/mL was 18.5 ng/mL.

Conclusion
For determining the threshold value of 25 OH vitamin D, serum PTH levels should be assessed with 25-OH vitamin D levels.
The brown fat-secreted adipokine neuregulin 4 is decreased in human and murine chronic kidney disease
Authors: Kralisch Susan , Hoffmann Annett , Klöting Nora , Frille Armin , Kuhn Hartmut , Nowicki Marcin , Paeschke Sabine , Bachmann Anette , Blüher Matthias , Zhang Ming-Zhi , Harris Raymond C , Stumvoll Michael , Fasshauer Mathias , Ebert Thomas 
Published: May 2019

Objective
Neuregulin 4 (NRG4) has recently been introduced as a novel brown adipose tissue (BAT)-secreted adipokine with beneficial metabolic effects in mice. However, regulation of Nrg4 in end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has not been elucidated, so far.

Design/methods
Serum NRG4 levels were quantified by ELISA in 60 subjects with ESKD on chronic hemodialysis as compared to 60 subjects with an estimated glomerular filtration rate >50 mL/min/1.73 m2 in a cross-sectional cohort. Within both groups, about half of the patients had a T2DM. Furthermore, mRNA expression of Nrg4 was determined in two mouse models of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) as compared to two different groups of non-diabetic control mice. Moreover, mRNA expression of Nrg4 was investigated in cultured, differentiated mouse brown and white adipocytes, as well as hepatocytes, after treatment with the uremic toxin indoxyl sulfate.

Results
Median serum NRG4 was significantly lower in patients with ESKD compared to controls and the adipokine was independently associated with a beneficial renal, glucose and lipid profile. In mice with DKD, Nrg4 mRNA expression was decreased in all adipose tissue depots compared to control mice. The uremic toxin indoxyl sulfate did not significantly alter Nrg4 mRNA expression in adipocytes and hepatocytes, in vitro.

Conclusions
Circulating NRG4 is independently associated with a preserved renal function and mRNA expression of -Nrg4 is reduced in adipose tissue depots of mice with DKD. The BAT-secreted adipokine is further associated with a beneficial glucose and lipid profile supporting NRG4 as potential treatment target in metabolic and renal disease states.
Evolutionary and Experimental Loss of Gene Body Methylation and Its Consequence to Gene Expression
Authors: Bewick Adam J , Zhang Yinwen , Wendte Jered M , Zhang Xiaoyu , Schmitz Robert J 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
In flowering plants, gene body methylation (gbM) is associated with a subset of constitutively expressed genes. It has been proposed that gbM modulates gene expression. Here, we show that there are no consistent and direct differences to expression following the loss of gbM. By comparing expression of gbM genes in Arabidopsis thaliana accessions to orthologous genes in two Eutrema salsugineum genotypes, we identified both positive and negative expression differences associated with gbM loss. However, expression is largely unaffected by gbM loss in E. salsugineum. Expression differences between species were within the variation of expression observed within A. thaliana accessions that displayed variation in gbM. Furthermore, experimentally induced loss of gbM did not consistently lead to differences in expression compared to wild type. To date, there is no convincing data to support a direct causal link between the presence/absence of gbM and the modulation of expression in flowering plants.
Pediatric Acute Myocarditis: Predicting Hemodynamic Compromise at Presentation to Health Care
Authors: Wolf Ashley E. , Marino Bradley S. , Chaouki Ahmad Sami , Andrei Adin-Cristian , Gossett Jeffrey G. 
Published: May 2019

BACKGROUND:
The clinical spectrum of pediatric acute myocarditis ranges from minimal symptoms with intact hemodynamics to rapid cardiovascular collapse and death. We sought to identify factors on initial presentation associated with subsequent hemodynamic compromise.

METHODS:
We performed a retrospective cohort study of patients with acute myocarditis at a freestanding pediatric hospital from 2007 to 2016. We defined 2 cohorts: high-acuity patients with hemodynamic compromise defined as requiring inotropic or vasoactive medications, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, ventricular assist devices, or transplant or who died and low-acuity patients without these interventions. We collected the first recorded set of vital signs, symptoms, laboratory values, and chest radiograph, electrocardiogram, and echocardiography results. Univariate analysis was performed, and 2 multivariable logistic regression models were created to discriminate between cohorts.

RESULTS:
A total of 74 patients were included: 33 high acuity and 41 low acuity. There were significant differences in demographics, symptoms, and physical examination, laboratory, electrocardiogram, and echocardiography findings between high- and low-acuity cohorts. Multivariable logistic regression models were highly discriminate in predicting those in the high-acuity cohort. The first model included presence of tachycardia, tachypnea, creatinine, and cardiomegaly on chest radiograph (area under the curve = 0.913). The second model added the presence of pericardial effusion to the above variables (area under the curve = 0.964).

CONCLUSIONS:
Models based on factors available at initial presentation with acute myocarditis are predictive of subsequent hemodynamic compromise. If our results can be validated in a multicenter study, these models may help disposition patients with suspected acute myocarditis (with those who meet model criteria being admitted to centers capable of rapidly providing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, ventricular assist devices, and heart transplant evaluation).
Factors Associated With Pickup of Pediatric Discharge Prescriptions
Authors: Lazar Abigail , Rappaport David I. , Sharif Iman , Hossain Md Jobayer 
Published: May 2019

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Lack of medication pickup is associated with worse clinical outcomes for select patients. Identification of risk factors for not picking up discharge medications or approaches to this problem have received little study. We sought to identify factors associated with medication pickup rates after hospitalization at a tertiary care children’s hospital.

METHODS:
We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 178 discharges from a children’s hospital. We contacted pharmacies that received electronic prescriptions to ascertain whether patients and families picked up medications. The principal outcome was pickup of all medications within 48 hours of discharge. Covariates included demographic data, insurance type, discharge diagnosis, home zip code median income, medication number and/or class, and pharmacy type (on-site versus off-site). We performed a multivariable logistic regression analysis.

RESULTS:
Overall, 142 of 178 (80%) discharges involved medication pickup. Patient age and sex, diagnosis, discharge day, primary language, and hospitalization length had no statistically significant association with medication pickup. On the multivariable analysis, a higher home zip code median income (P = .045; highest versus lowest groups) had a statistically significant association with increased medication pickup. Private insurance had a statistically significant association with higher pickup rate on the univariable analysis (P = .01) but not on the multivariable analysis, which included zip code income (P = .072). On-site pharmacy use (P = .048) and prescription of an anti-infective (P = .003) had statistically significant associations with higher medication pickup rates.

CONCLUSIONS:
Certain factors are associated with rates of medication pickup after discharge. Use of an on-site hospital pharmacy may represent a strategy to improve medication pickup rates in children who are hospitalized.
Analysis of the spatial distribution of the ecological niche of the land snail Brephulopsis cylindrica (Stylommatophora, Enidae) in technosols
Authors: Zhukov O. V. , Kovalenko D. V. , Kramarenko S. S. , Kramarenko A. S. 
Published: May 2019

The aim of our work is to describe the ecological niche of the land snail Brephulopsis cylindrica (Menke, 1828) in terms of the edaphic properties and properties of the vegetation cover and to show the spatial features of the variation of the habitat preference index within the artificial soil body – technosols (soddy-lithogenic soils on loess-like clays) using the ecological niche factor analysis (ENFA). The research was carried out at the Research Centre of the Dnipro Agrarian and Economic University in Pokrov. Sampling was carried out on a variant of artificial soil (technozems) formed on loess-like clays. The test site where the sampling was conducted consists of 7 transects of 15 samples each. Test points form a regular grid with a mesh size of 3 m. Soil mechanical impedance, aggregate-size distribution, soil electrical conductivity, vegetation physiognomic characteristics, and Didukh phytoindication scales were used as ecogeographic predictors of the mollusc’s ecological niche properties. Phytoindication assessment indicates that the technosol ecological regimes are favourable for sub-mesophytes, hemi-hydrocontrastophiles, neutrophiles, semi-eutrophs. The test for statistical significance showed that an axis of marginality of the ecological niche of B. cylindrica and axes of specialization are significantly different from the random distribution. We found that the ecological niche of the mollusc is determined by both edaphic factors and ecological features of vegetation. The marginality of B. cylindrica ecological niche over the entire period of study is determined mainly by preferences for physiognomic vegetation types, higher values of the continentality and thermality regimes. Often greater content in the soil of aggregates 1–3 mm in size coincides with greater numbers of B. cylindrica individuals. Individuals of this species avoid physiognomic type III and areas with higher soil alkalinity and mineralization detected both by means of the phytoindication approach and soil electrical conductivity data. Ecological niche optima may be presented by integral variables such as marginality and specialization axes and plotted in geographic space. The spatial distribution of the B. cylindrica habitat suitability index (HSI) within the technosols is shown, which makes it possible to predict the optimal conditions for the existence of the species.
Caracterización y estabilidad de un extracto rico en antocianinas a partir de corteza de gulupa
Authors: Meneses-Marentes Nixon Andres , Herrera-Ramírez Edna Juliana , Tarazona-Díaz Martha Patricia 
Published: May 2019

La gulupa es una fruta originaria de la región amazónica, cuyo epicarpio es un subproducto con alto potencial en antioxidantes como las antocianinas. Por lo anterior, los objetivos de este estudio fueron realizar una extracción por solvente, a partir del epicarpio, para obtener un extracto rico en antocianinas; caracterizar su capacidad antioxidante y realizar la cinética de degradación de antocianinas monoméricas durante el almacenamiento a tres temperaturas (-14 ± 2 °C, 5 ± 1 °C y 21 ± 0,7 °C). En consecuencia, se obtuvo un extracto con un contenido de antocianinas de 165 ± 9 mg cianidina-3-O-glucosido/L. La capacidad antioxidante fue de 464 ± 19 y 366 ± 7 µmol Trolox/100 g de extracto, según los ensayos FRAP y DPPH respectivamente, y un contenido de vitamina C de 2,07 ± 0,04 mg ácido ascórbico/100 g de extracto. La cinética de degradación se definió por el orden uno con las siguientes constantes: 2,1·10-3, 8,6·10-3 y 2,7·10-2 días-1 para -14 ± 2 °C, 5 ± 1 °C y 21 ± 0,7 °C respectivamente, generando una energía de activación de 46,0·103 J/mol. Por consiguiente, se concluyó que es posible obtener, a partir del epicarpio de gulupa, extractos ricos en compuestos de alto valor como las antocianinas, los cuales son afectados por la temperatura de almacenamiento, siendo este un factor para considerar durante su aplicación en matrices alimentarias.
Why and how to include parents in the treatment of adolescents presenting Internet gaming disorder?
Authors: Bonnaire Céline , Liddle Howard A. , Har Alexandre , Nielsen Philippe , Phan Olivier 
Published: May 2019

Background and aimsClinicians and researchers are increasingly interested in investigating excessive use of video gaming recently named Internet gaming disorder (IGD). As is the case with extensively researched adolescent problem behaviors such as substance use disorder, several studies associate IGD with the young person’s family environment and the parent–adolescent relationship in particular. Evidence-based treatments for a range of adolescent clinical problems including behavioral addictions demonstrate efficacy, the capacity for transdiagnostic adaptation, and lasting impact. However, less attention has been paid to developing and testing science-based interventions for IGD, and at present most tested interventions for IGD have been individual treatments (cognitive behavioral therapy).MethodsThis article presents the rationale for a systemic conceptualization of IGD and a therapeutic approach that targets multiple units or subsystems. The IGD treatment program is based on the science-supported multidimensional family therapy approach (MDFT). Following treatment development work, the MDFT approach has been adapted for IGD.ResultsThe article discusses recurring individual and family-based clinical themes and therapeutic responses in the MDFT-IGD clinical model, which tailors interventions for individuals and subsystems within the young person’s family.Discussion and conclusionsBasic science developmental research can inform conceptualization of IGD and a systemic logic model of intervention and change. This paper aims to expand treatment theorizing and intervention approaches for practitioners working with frequently life-altering behaviors of excessive Internet gaming. We operationalize this aim by addressing the question ofwhyandhowparents should be involved in youth IGD treatment.