bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perfil Epidemiológico e Percepção sobre a Hanseníase em Menores de 15 anos no Município de Santarém-PA
Authors: Santos Sílvia Maria Farias dos , Sousa Maria Teresa de , Santos Luana Almeida dos , Jacob Lia Maristela da Silva , Figueira Maura Cristiane e Silva , De Melo Márcio Cristiano 
Published: August 2018

A hanseníase é uma doença de evolução lenta e infectocontagiosa, causada pelo Mycobacterium Leprae que apresenta afinidade pela pele e nervos periféricos, causando lesões cutâneas assintomáticas e anestésicas, podendo formar máculas hipopigmentadas, placas e nódulos eritematosos. É considerada uma patologia da idade adulta, devido o longo período de incubação, a sua presença em crianças menores de 15 anos é um indicador da prevalência da doença na população geral. O estudo tem como objetivo descrever o perfil epidemiológico, a percepção dos menores e seus responsáveis sobre a doença. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva, de natureza quantitativa e qualitativa realizada no município de Santarém. Foram notificados 18 casos da doença na faixa etária supracitada, no período de janeiro de 2011 a dezembro de 2015 no município, dos quais 10 pacientes compõem a amostra desse estudo. Identificou-se características semelhantes como: a baixa condição econômica, ser contato de um caso de hanseníase, residir com cinco ou mais pessoas, possuir o nível de escolaridade baixo e não ter conhecimento sobre a doença.Palavras-chave: Hanseníase. Fatores de Risco. Enfermagem em Saúde Pública.Abstract Leprosy is a slow developing disease and infectious caused by Mycobacterium leprae that has affinity for skin and peripheral nerves, causing asymptomatic and anesthetic skin lesions which may form hypopigmented macules, plaques and erythematous nodules. It is considered an adulthood pathology due to the long incubation period, its presence in children under 15 years is an indicator of the prevalence of the disease in the general population. The study aims to describe the epidemiological profile, the perception of minors and their guardians about the disease. It is a descriptive, quantitative and qualitative research carried out in the city of Santarém. 18 cases of the disease were reported in the age group aforementioned from January 2011 to December 2015 in the municipality, of which 10 patients comprised the sample of this study. Similar characteristics were identified: low economic status, contact with a leprosy case, residing with five or more people, low educational level and no knowledge of the disease.Keywords: Leprosy. Risk Factors. Public Health Nursing.
Evaluation of Knowledge of the Oral Hygiene Protocol by the Nursing Team of the Intensive Care Unit of Two Hospitals In Londrina/PR
Authors: Scalco Jéssica De Mello , Rechi Marina , Poleti Marcelo Lupion , Fernandes Thais Maria Freire 
Published: August 2018

AbstractOral hygiene in the Intensive Care Unit - ICU is considered a basic and indispensable procedure whose goal is to maintain the patients’ healthy oral conditions, reducing complications and contributing to their recovery. The objective of this study was to evaluate the knowledge on the oral hygiene protocol by the ICU nursing team of two hospitals in Londrina/PR. The sample of this study was composed by the nursing and nursing technicians team of the Intensive Care Unit of the Hospital A and Hospital B, regardless of gender or age, and considering who had worked at the ICU for at least three months. A self-administered, unidentified questionnaire was used to collect data. The analyzed variables were: profession, age, sex, working time and oral hygiene. More than 80% of the professionals were Nursing Technicians, with average age above 30, female and working in the ICU of the hospital for over 3.5 years. The results of this study demonstrate the lack of knowledge of the oral hygiene protocol by more than 30% of the Nursing staff in both hospitals. Based on the methodology and the results analysis, it can be concluded that the oral hygiene protocol is unknown by more than a third of the ICU Nursing team of both surveyed hospitals. Keywords: Intensive Care Units. Disease Prevention. Oral Hygiene.ResumoA higiene bucal em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva - UTI é considerada um procedimento básico e indispensável cujo objetivo é manter saudáveis as condições bucais dos pacientes, reduzindo agravos e contribuindo para sua recuperação. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o conhecimento do protocolo de higiene bucal pela equipe de enfermagem da UTI de dois hospitais em Londrina/PR. A amostra deste estudo foi composta pela equipe de Enfermagem (Enfermeiros e Técnicos em Enfermagem) da Unidade de Terapia Intensiva do Hospital A e do Hospital B, independente do sexo e idade, e que trabalhavam na UTI, no mínimo, há três meses. Para a coleta de dados foi utilizado um questionário autoaplicável, não identificado. As variáveis analisadas foram: profissão, idade, sexo, tempo de trabalho e higiene bucal. Mais de 80% dos profissionais eram Técnicos em Enfermagem, com idade média acima dos 30 anos de idade, do sexo feminino e atuando na UTI do hospital, em média, acima de 3,5 anos. Os resultados deste estudo demonstram a falta de conhecimento do protocolo de higiene bucal, por mais de 30% da equipe de Enfermagem, em ambos os hospitais. Com base na metodologia e análise dos resultados, pode-se concluir que o protocolo de higiene bucal é desconhecido por mais de um terço da equipe de Enfermagem da UTI de ambos os hospitais pesquisados.Palavras-chave: Unidades de Terapia Intensiva. Prevenção de doenças. Higiene Bucal.
Credit Characteristics and Business Performance: A Survey of Women owned Microenterprises in Tanzania
Authors: Salia Paul J. , Mbwambo Jonathan S. 
Published: August 2018

This article provides assessment of the effects of four credit characteristics including size, interest rate, repayment period and borrowing experience on business performance. The article makes use of survey data collected from 217 women microcredit clients from Arusha, Dar es Salaam and Mwanza regions in Tanzania. Bivariate correlation analysis was used to find out specific effect of each of those four credit characteristics on three business performance measures namely total sales revenue, net profit and business net worth. The combined effect of all four credit characteristics on business performance was estimated by a multiple linear regression model. The findings revealed that size of credit was positively correlated with total sales revenue and business net worth at significant level. Interest rate was negatively correlated with all three measures of business performance at significant level. It was also found out that repayment period was positively correlated with all three business performance indicators at significant level. Furthermore, the study established that borrowing experience was positively correlated with total sales revenue at significant level but not with other two indicators. The model accounted for 25% of sales revenue, 9% of net profit and 28% of business net worth.
Outcome of pulmonary hypertension in patient on dialysis following kidney transplantation: an observational study
Authors: G. Vasanth , N. Siva , G. Rajendran , G. Venu 
Published: August 2018

Background: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is common among patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD) who are on dialysis and PH is associated with higher mortality rates among these patients. The impact of kidney transplantation on pulmonary hypertension is unknown. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of successful kidney transplantation on pulmonary arterial hypertension in these patients on dialysis.Methods: The study was conducted on patients who underwent kidney transplantation in Department of Nephrology PSGIMSR. Patients with pulmonary hypertension pre transplant were taken up for the study after the application of inclusion and exclusion criteria and after obtaining consent. Demographic, clinical information and laboratory results were collected. The assessment of PH was done by Doppler echocardiography pre transplant and 3 and 6 months after transplant during follow up.Results: The prevalence of PH was 40%. The mean age of study population was 42 ± 8.7 years. The mean dialysis duration of study population was 32±8 months. 54.5% were male. 45.5% were female. Out of the 55 transplant recipients, 22 patients had elevated PASP on preoperative echocardiography examination. Compared to pre-transplant values, a significant decrease was observed in mean SPAP values and the severity of pulmonary hypertension 3 and6 months postoperative follow up (p<0.003).Conclusions: The prevalence of pre-operative PH among dialysis patient was high. Kidney transplantation leads to considerable improvement in pulmonary arterial hypertension in patients on dialysis.
Immunomodulatory Effect of Momordica charantia L. Fruit Ethanol Extract on Phagocytic Activity and Capacity of Mice Peritoneal Macrophages
Authors: Parawansah Parawansah , Nurtamin Tomy , Mulyawati Sufiah Asri , Nuralifah Nuralifah , Misnaeni Wa Ode Arlina 
Published: August 2018

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this research is to understand the secondary metabolites of Momordica charantia L. extract, as well as to disclose the potential of M. charantia extract in the phagocytic activity and capacity of peritoneummacrophages.METHODS: Examination of immunomodulatory effect was done by giving M. charantia ethanol extract on 5 treatment groups, given intra-peritoneally to mice daily. Echinacea extract as positive control and double distilled water as negative control were also given. On the 8th day, mice were infected with Staphylococcus epidermidis. After 30 minutes, peritoneum fluid was obtained to observe the activity and capacity of macrophage cells.RESULTS: The results showed significant phagocytic activity (p<0.05) at a concentration of 1,200 ppm compare to the other groups. Meanwhile the macrophage cell capacity was found statistically insignificant (p>0.05). The highest phagocytic activity was the group treated with 1,200 ppm (62%), significantly higher than other groups.CONCLUSION: The secondary metabolite content of M. charantia is alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and triterpenoids. The 1,200 ppm M. charantia ethanol extract is potential in inducing phagocytic activity and capacity. These results indicate that the M. charantia can be suggested as a natural immunomodulator.KEYWORDS: pare fruit, Momordica charantia L., phagocytosis, macrophage, immunomodulator
Antidiabetic Activities of Muntingia Calabura L. Leaves Water Extract in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Animal Models
Authors: Aligita Widhya , Susilawati Elis , Sukmawati Ika Kurnia , Holidayanti Lusi , Riswanti Jejen 
Published: August 2018

BACKGROUND: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by increasing blood glucose levels caused by insufficiency of insulin hormone production and activities. There are significant increases in DM case every year in Indonesia, as a consequent, alternative and better drug is needed to be developed. One of the plants that were often used as traditional medicine for DM in Indonesia was Muntingia carabula L. (kersen) leaf. The aim of this research was to evaluate the antidiabetes activity of M. carabula leaves.METHODS: This study was conducted in vivo by evaluating the antidiabetic activity of M. carabula leaf water extract on two animal models, those are insulin deficiency and insulin resistant model animal. The insulin deficiency animal model was developed by aloxan administration at dose of 50 mg/Kg body weight (bw) intravenously. While the insulin resistance animal model was developed by lipid emulsion administration at dose of 0.42 mL/20 grams bw orally. Both groups were randomly devided into 6 groups, which are negative control group, positive control group, standard drug group (glybenclamide 0.65 mg/Kg bw or metformin 135 mg/Kg bw), and extract groups at dose of 100, 200 and 400 mg/Kg bw. Parameters which were evaluated are fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels for insulin deficiency models and values of constant of insulin tolerance (KITT) for insulin resistant models.RESULTS: In insulin deficient model group, administration of glibenclamide lower the FBG by 43%, furthermore, the extract of M. calabura at doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/Kg bw also lower the FBG by 13%, 22% and 29%, subsequently. In insulin resistant models, metformin increased the value of KITT from less than 0.5 to 2.91, and administration of the extract at doses of 400, 200 and 100 mg/Kg bw also increased the KITT value to 2.31, 1.57, 1.13, respectively.CONCLUSION: The conclusion was M. carabula leaves water extract with dose of 400 mg/Kg bw had the antidiabetic activities with mechanisms to lower blood glucose level, regenerate pancreatic β cells, and increase insulin sensitivity.KEYWORDS: diabetes mellitus, kersen leaves, Muntingia calabura L., insulin deficiency, insulin resistance
Advanced in Molecular Mechanisms of Atherosclerosis: From Lipids to Inflammation
Authors: Meiliana Anna , Dewi Nurrani Mustika , Wijaya Andi 
Published: August 2018

BACKGROUND: Atherosclerosis is a leading cause of vascular disease worldwide. During the past several decades, landmark discoveries in the field of vascular biology have evolved our understanding of the biology of blood vessels and the pathobiology of local and systemic vascular disease states and have led to novel disease-modifying therapies for patients. This review is made to understand the molecular mechanism of atherosclerosis for these future therapies.CONTENT: Advances in molecular biology and -omics technologies have facilitated in vitro and in vivo studies which revealed that blood vessels regulate their own redox milieu, metabolism, mechanical environment, and phenotype, in part, through complex interactions between cellular components of the blood vessel wall and circulating factors. Dysregulation of these carefully orchestrated homeostatic interactions has also been implicated as the mechanism by which risk factors for cardiopulmonary vascular disease lead to vascular dysfunction, structural remodeling and, ultimately, adverse clinical events.SUMMARY: Atherosclerosis is a heterogeneous disease, despite a common initiating event of apoB-lipoproteins. Despite of acute thrombotic complications, an adequate resolution response is mounted, where efferocytosis prevents plaque necrosis and a reparative scarring response (the fibrous cap) prevents plaque disruption. However, a small percentage of developing atherosclerotic lesions cannot maintain an adequate resolution response, which leading to the formation of clinically dangerous plaques that can trigger acute lumenal thrombosis and tissue ischemiaand infarction.KEYWORDS: atherosclerosis, oxidative stress, inflammation, efferocytosis, foam cells, thrombosis
PERSEPSI PEMAKAI LAPORAN KEUANGAN PEMERINTAH DAERAH TERHADAP INDEPENDENSI AUDITOR BADAN PEMERIKSA KEUANGAN
Authors: Suhardi Suhardi 
Published: August 2018

This research examines the perception of financial statement user of local government to state audit board (BPK) of auditor independence. With confirmation seven independence determinants a) the duration assignation of audit, b) independence in budget audit, c) the limited assignation time and resources provided by for auditor BPK, d) existence of family relationship, e) existence of tendency to side, because political confidence or social, f) Access to information without resistance, g) freedom to determine matter and time reports and freedom to publish and dissemination of inspection reports.
The sampling technique applied is purposive sampling and research data is primary data collected from users of financial statement of local government that is local government officer, member of Local Parliament (DPRD), Academician, and public users in Jogjakarta.
Examination of hypothesis done by using proportion test, chi square and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Result of research indicates that in general financial statement users of local government assumes auditor BPK has not independent in executing inspection, seven independence determinants in general will have an effects or can destroy independence of auditor BPK, although some group have differs in opinion to some factors

Keywords: Perception, Independence, Local Government Financial Statements, State Audit Board
PERAN PENTING PENGENDALIAN INTERNAL DALAM SISTEM INFORMASI AKUNTANSI
Authors: Fu'ad Khusnul 
Published: August 2018

The current business environment changes rapidly. The company must have a reliable internal control system in order to survive and highly competitiveness. This paper discusses about the important role of internal control in Accounting Information Systems. The study of literature is used in this paper. The author presents five old papers as an object of it.The author finds six important role of Internal Control System. The first is giving a great influenced on Accounting Information Systems which is computer-based, Internal Control Systems can prevent excessive resources within the company, Creating accountability of the financial reports, increasing the credibility and quality to the company, the management becomes easy to make the decision, and preventing the fraud. Accounting Information Systems which is computer based can’t do well without controlling from the management Keywords:Accounting Information System, Internal Control, The Important Role
ANALISIS RASIO KEUANGAN PADA PERUSAHAAN MAKANAN DAN MINUMAN YANG LISTED DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA
Authors: Nusbantoro Ariwan Joko 
Published: August 2018

This research aims to examine the effect of Current Ratio, Debt to Equity Ratio, Inventory Turnover, and Total Assets Turnover to Return on Equity of Food and Beverage companies, Listed on Indonesian Stock Exchange. The data were data from 2003 to 2008, containing a sample of 15 companies. A purposive sampling method was employed generating a total of 63 observations. Multiple Linear Regression Analysis is used to test hypotheses.
The Results show that Current Ratio, Inventory Turnover, and Total Assets Turnover are significantly influenced Return on Equity leading to accept the proposed hypotheses. Debt to Equity Ratio has negative and significant influence on return on equity but it was in opposite direction.

Keywords: Current Ratio or Working Capital Ratio, Debt to Equity Ratio, Inventory Turnover, Total Assets Turnover, and Return on Equity.
KEMAMPUAN PREDIKSI RASIO-RASIO KEUANGAN TERHADAP LABADAN ARUS KAS MASA DEPAN DAN PENGARUHNYATERHADAP DIVIDEND PAYOUT RATIOPADA PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR DAN JASA
Authors: Andini Dessy Putri 
Published: August 2018

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untukmenguji kemampuan rasio-rasio keuangan yang meliputi gross profit to net sales, current ratio, cost of goods sold inventory, cost of goods sold to net sales,inventory to net sales,net sales to netassets, quick assets to inventory, quick assets to total assets, working capital to total assets, working capital to net sales, profit before taxes to shareholders’ equitydalam memprediksi laba yangdiperoleh perusahaandan arus kas masa depan,dan jugamenguji kemampuan laba dan arus kas bebas untuk investasi atau pendanaan dalam meningkatkan DPR.Penelitian yang dilakukan merupakan penelitian empirik dengan pengujian hipotesis. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh perusahaan publik yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI). Sampel penelitian diambil dengan menggunakan purposive sampling dan diperoleh 40 perusahaan manufaktur dan 1 perusahaan jasa yang listed di BEI dengan periode penelitian 2006-2008.Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis jalur (path analysis).
Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa hanya rasio CGSNS (cost of goods sold to net sales) danPBTSE(profit before taxes to shareholders’ equity) yang berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap variabel interveninglaba dan arus kas. Sedangkan laba dan arus kas dapat digunakan untuk memprediksi DPR. Laba memiliki pengaruh yang sangat kuat dalam memprediksi DPR dibandingkan dengan arus kas. Hal ini tidak aneh karena perusahaan hanya dapat membagikan dividen semakin besar jika perusahaan mampu menghasilkan laba yang semakin besar. Jika laba yang dihasilkan besarnya tetap, perusahaan tidak bisa membagikan dividen yang makin besar karena hal ini berarti perusahaan akan membagikan modal sendiri.
Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa hanya rasio CGSNS (cost of goods sold to net sales) danPBTSE(profit before taxes to shareholders’ equity) yang berpengaruh positif dan signifikan untuk memprediksi laba dan arus kas masa depan. Sedangkan laba dan arus kas bebas dapat digunakan untuk memprediksi dividen yang dibagikan perusahaan.

Kata Kunci : gross profit to net sales, current ratio, cost of goods sold inventory
PENGEMBANGAN MODUL MATA PELAARAN AKUNTANSI KEUANGAN KOMPETENSI DASAR PERSEDIAAN BARANG DAGANGAN PADA SISWA KELAS XI AKUNTANSI DI SMK NEGERI 1 JEMBER SEMESTER GENAP TAHUN AJARAN 2017/2018
Authors: Putri Astuti Shelvy , Kartini Titin , Djaja Sutrisno 
Published: August 2018

Penelitian pengembangan ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan produk berupa modul akuntansi yang menarik, efisien, dan efektif pada mata pelajaran akuntansi keuangan kompetensi dasar persediaan barang dagangan untuk siswa kelas XI Akuntansi di SMK Negeri 1 Jember. Modul akuntansi ini dikembangkan menggunakan model pengembangan oleh Thiagarajan et al. Kelayakan modul dinilai melalui tahap validasi yang terdiri dari 3 aspek, yaitu validasi isi/materi, desain, dan bahasa. Validasi modul menghasilkan skor akhir masing-masing aspek yaitu 95,3% untuk kelayakan isi/materi, 92,1% untuk kelayakan desain, dan 95,5% untuk kelayakan bahasa. Proses uji coba produk dilakukan sebanyak 2 kali, yaitu uji kelompok kecil dan uji kelompok besar. Uji kelompok kecil dilakukan pada 12 siswa kelas XI Akuntansi 1 dan uji kelompok besar dilakukan pada seluruh siswa kelas XI Akuntansi 3 yang berjumlah 38 siswa. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah angket, tes, observasi, wawancara, dan dokumen. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah uji tingkat daya tarik modul, uji tingkat efisiensi modul, dan uji tingkat efektivitas modul. Hasil uji tingkat daya tarik modul pada uji kelompok kecil adalah 86% (sangat menarik) dengan waktu pembelajaran 3x3JP (lebih singkat dari alokasi waktu pada silabus) dan rata-rata hasil belajar meningkat ditunjukkan dengan hasil pretest 76,83 meningkat menjadi 85,17. Pada uji kelompok besar, uji tingkat daya tarik modul memperoleh rata-rata skor 91% (sangat menarik) dengan alokasi waktu pembelajaran 3x3JP, rata-rata nilai prestest yaitu 75,71 meningkat menjadi 85,13 pada rata-rata nilai posttest. Hasil uji coba tersebut menunjukkan bahwa modul akuntansi yang dikembangkan menarik, efisien, dan efektif.
Apresentação
Authors: Orlandi Eni Puccinelli 
Published: August 2018

Este número da revista Cadernos de Estudos Linguísticos reúne estudos sobre a cidade. Tem sido um trabalho de muitos anos, este de procurarmos compreender a cidade, ou dito de forma mais precisa, compreender os sujeitos e sentidos da cidade e na cidade. Para isto, lançamos mão da linguagem. Não como o faz o sociolinguista, ou o sociólogo da linguagem. Eles acrescentariam a linguagem a esta compreensão. Nós não consideramos a linguagem como um acréscimo ao conhecimento da cidade a que se dedicam, com seus instrumentos próprios, os especialistas do espaço, tais como o arquiteto, o urbanista, o antropólogo urbano, o sociólogo urbano e outros. Nós vemos a linguagem como constitutiva da compreensão do espaço urbano.
A cidade nas canções: sentidos de perda e pertencimento
Authors: Souza Pedro 
Published: August 2018

O propósito deste artigo é investigar modos de produzir e significar a cidade a partir de uma modalidade de enunciação em que a voz participa como base discursiva de natureza acústica. Trata-se de modos de dizer que modificam e dão passagem a discursos de cidade colhidos no domínio da canção popular. Delimita a voz e o ato de enunciar cantando como uma das múltiplas modalidades enunciativas que, de dentro de um arquivo de canções, expõem sentido da cidade de que se fala.