bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship between stress and sleep bruxism in children and their mothers: A case control study
Authors: Sampaio Nelia Medeiros , Oliveira Mario Cezar , Andrade Adriana Castro , Santos Lydia Brito , Sampaio Murilo , Ortega Adriana 
Published: January 2019

Introduction Sleep bruxism (SB) is a frequent condition in children. Its pathophysiology involves certain neurotransmitters (serotonin, dopamine, noradrenalin, histamine), but the environment seems to influence its occurrence.
Objective The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of SB in children and their biological mothers, relating it to stress through a case control study.
Methods and Material The group of cases (SG) was composed of 48 subjects, including 24 children with SB and their mothers, and the control group (CG), formed by 36 children without SB and their mothers. The chi-Square test was used and the probability was computed with 95% confidence intervals (p<0.05). Results: The prevalence of probable awareness of SB in children was 22.6%, while it was 30.8% among caregivers. There were no significant associations between the socio-demographic variables and SB. There was an increase in the occurrence of SB in children (p=0.02) when their caregiver also had this condition.
Conclusions Psychological stress did not establish a significant relationship with SB in either the child or their mothers.
Quality of an ambulatory monitoring technique for diagnosing obstructive sleep apnea under conditions of limited resources
Authors: Hernández-Bendezú María del Cármen , Arias-Peña María Yolanda , Torres-Fraga Martha Guadalupe , Carrillo-Alduenda José Luis 
Published: January 2019

Objectives: To: 1) evaluate the quality of an ambulatory monitoring technique for diagnosing Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS) while patients move through the city; and 2) identify factors that lead to data loss.
Methods: Clinical histories were reviewed and ambulatory portable monitorings of adults with high pretest probability for OSAS were included, the signals monitored were pulse oximetry, heart rate, nasal pressure, snoring, chest band and body position. The equipment was connected from 14:00-20:00 h and then patients moved through the city turning it off and on at home. Results were analyzed visually to record all the minutes lost. A good-quality study was defined as recording time 240 min and signal loss <20%. A cost/benefit analysis was performed using Golpe et al.'s methodology.
Results: A total of 70 recordings were analyzed. Most subjects were obese men with severe OSAS. Signal quality was determined to be good with a median signal loss of 4.9 min (0-405) that represented 1% (0-99) of total recording time. The signal lost most often was pulse oximetry at 1.8 min (0-403,p=0.0001). Of the 70 studies performed, 57 (81%) met the definition of good quality, while 13 (19%) had to be repeated. Men lost the pulse oximetry signal more often than women. This technique could represent savings of 65-75%.
Conclusions: Placing a portable OSAS monitor during the day while patients move around the city turning it on and off at home does not affect the quality of the study results obtained and is a cost-effective method.
Los inicios de la reflexión sobre música y sociedad en la Grecia antigua
Authors: Rivera Fernández María Luz 
Published: January 2019

El presente artículo se propone presentar un panorama de algunos testimonios literarios y filosóficos griegos acerca de los comienzos de la reflexión sociológica sobre la importancia de la música para la configuración armónica de la sociedad y para el mejoramiento personal del individuo en su seno. Según nuestra interpretación, estas dos nociones, que han sido posteriormente recuperadas en la historia del pensamiento utópico y en la sociología –que, desde finales del siglo XIX, ha usado el hecho musical como modelo social– encuentran sus raíces en la tradición de la educación griega, en las ideas del antiguo pitagorismo y en las interpretaciones sobre música y sociedad que incluyeron Platón y Aristóteles en sus obras políticas. Si nuestra hipótesis se confirma, y este artículo es parte de una investigación doctoral sobre la recepción de estas dos nociones en la historia de las ideas y de la sociología, la moderna sociología de la música (Musiksoziologie) dependería directamente de la paideia musical griega y de las ideas utópicas sobre la sociedad ideal a través de la música que provienen de la Grecia antigua.This article aims to present an overview of some Greek literary and philosophical statements about the beginnings of the sociological reflection on the importance of music for the shaping of an harmonious society and for the self-improvement of the individual within it. According to our interpretation, the origin of these two notions, which have been subsequently recovered both in the history of Utopian thought and in sociology –which has used music as a model social since the late 19th Century– can be traced in the tradition of Greek Education, in ancient Pythagoreanism and in the interpretations of music and society offered by Plato and Aristotle in his political works. If our hypothesis is confirmed, and this article is a piece of a PhD research on the reception of these two notions in the history of ideas and of sociology, the modern sociology of music (Musiksoziologie) would depend directly from the Greek musical paideia and from these utopian ideas about an ideal society through music stamming from Ancient Greece.
Historia de la educación bilingüe en el estado de Nuevo México
Authors: Martín Pescador Fernando 
Published: January 2019

Nuevo México ha sido siempre un estado plurilingüe y multicultural. Por lo tanto, la educación en el estado siempre ha necesitado un componente de bilingüismo. Los gobiernos de España, México y Estados Unidos tuvieron que adaptar sus sistemas educativos para poder satisfacer las necesidades de la población local. El esfuerzo del pueblo nuevomexicano ha sido constante a lo largo de toda la historia para mantener vivas todas sus lenguas. Ese esfuerzo aparece reflejado en su Constitución y en lo pioneras que han sido sus leyes de educación dentro de los Estados Unidos e incluso en el contexto internacional. Este artículo repasa los momentos, los movimientos y las leyes más importantes que han ido marcando la historia de la educación bilingüe en Nuevo México.New Mexico has always been a multilingual and multicultural state. Hence the Education policies in this state have always required a bilingual focus. The governments of Spain, Mexico and the United States had to adapt their educational systems in order to meet the needs of New Mexico. New Mexicans’ effort to keep all their languages alive has been a constant struggle throughout history. It was reflected on their Constitution and on their trailblazing education laws within the US and even in an international context. This article goes over the milestones, social movements and State and Federal laws that have made an important impression on Bilingual Education in New Mexico.
Characterization of introgression from the teosinte Zea mays ssp. mexicana to Mexican highland maize
Authors: Gonzalez-Segovia Eric , Pérez-Limon Sergio , Cíntora-Martínez Carolina , Guerrero-Zavala Alejandro , Jansen Garrett , Hufford Matthew B , Ross-Ibarra Jeffrey , Sawers Ruairidh J H 
Published: January 2019

Background. The spread of maize cultivation to the highlands of central Mexico was accompanied by substantial introgression from the endemic wild teosinte Zea mays ssp. mexicana, prompting the hypothesis that the transfer of beneficial variation facilitated local adaptation.
Methods. We used novel whole-genome sequence data to map regions of Zea mays ssp. mexicana introgression in three Mexican highland maize individuals. We generated a genetic linkage map and performed Quantitative Trait Locus mapping in an F2 population derived from a cross between lowland and highland maize individuals.
Results. Introgression regions ranged in size from several hundred base pairs to Megabase-scale events. Gene density within introgression regions was comparable to the genome as a whole, and over one thousand annotated genes were located within introgression events. Quantitative Trait Locus mapping identified a small number of loci linked to traits characteristic of Mexican highland maize.
Discussion. Although there was no strong evidence to associate quantitative trait loci with regions of introgression, we nonetheless identified many Mexican highland alleles of introgressed origin that carry potentially functional sequence variants. The impact of introgression on stress tolerance and yield in the highland environment remains to be fully characterized.
Duplicatedflavonoid 3’-hydroxylaseandflavonoid 3’, 5’-hydroxylasegenes in barley genome
Authors: Vikhorev Alexander V. , Strygina Ksenia V. , Khlestkina Elena K. 
Published: January 2019

BackgroundAnthocyanin compounds playing multiple biological functions can be synthesized in different parts of barley (Hordeum vulgareL.) plant. The diversity of anthocyanin molecules is related with branching the pathway to alternative ways in which dihydroflavonols may be modified either with the help of flavonoid 3′-hydroxylase (F3′H) or flavonoid 3′,5′-hydroxylase (F3′5′H)—the cytochrome P450-dependent monooxygenases. TheF3′HandF3′5′Hgene families are among the least studied anthocyanin biosynthesis structural genes in barley. The aim of this study was to identify and characterise duplicated copies of theF3′HandF3′5′Hgenes in the barley genome.ResultsFour copies of theF3′5′Hgene (on chromosomes 4HL, 6HL, 6HS and 7HS) and two copies of theF3′Hgene (on chromosomes 1HL and 6HS) were identified in barley genome. These copies have either one or two introns. Amino acid sequences analysis demonstrated the presence of the flavonoid hydroxylase-featured conserved motifs in all copies of theF3′HandF3′5′Hgenes with the exception ofF3′5′H-3 carrying a loss-of-function mutation in a conservative cytochrome P450 domain. It was shown that the divergence betweenF3′HandF3′5′H genesoccurred 129 million years ago (MYA) before the emergence of monocot and dicot plant species. TheF3′Hcopy approximately occurred 80 MYA; the appearance ofF3′5′Hcopies occurred 8, 36 and 91 MYA. qRT-PCR analysis revealed the tissue-specific activity for some copies of the studied genes. TheF3′H-1 gene was transcribed in aleurone layer, lemma and pericarp (with an increased level in the coloured pericarp), whereas theF3′H-2gene was expressed in stems only. TheF3′5′H-1gene was expressed only in the aleurone layer, and in a coloured aleurone its expression was 30-fold higher. The transcriptional activity ofF3′5′H-2was detected in different tissues with significantly higher level in uncoloured genotype in contrast to coloured ones. TheF3′5′H-3gene expressed neither in stems nor in aleurone layer, lemma and pericarp. TheF3′5′H-4gene copy was weakly expressed in all tissues analysed.ConclusionF3′HandF3′5′H-coding genes involved in anthocyanin synthesis inH. vulgarewere identified and characterised, from which the copies designatedF3′H-1,F3′H-2,F3′5′H-1andF3′5′H-2demonstrated tissue-specific expression patterns. Information on these modulators of the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway can be used in future for manipulation with synthesis of diverse anthocyanin compounds in different parts of barley plant. Finding both the copies with tissue-specific expression and a copy undergoing pseudogenization demonstrated rapid evolutionary events tightly related with functional specialization of the duplicated members of the cytochrome P450-dependent monooxygenases gene families.
Estimating the incidence and diagnosed proportion of HIV infections in Japan: a statistical modeling study
Authors: Nishiura Hiroshi 
Published: January 2019

BackgroundEpidemiological surveillance of HIV infection in Japan involves two technical problems for directly applying a classical backcalculation method, i.e., (i) all AIDS cases are not counted over time and (ii) people diagnosed with HIV have received antiretroviral therapy, extending the incubation period. The present study aimed to address these issues and estimate the HIV incidence and the proportion of diagnosed HIV infections, using a simple statistical model.MethodsFrom among Japanese nationals, yearly incidence data of HIV diagnoses and patients with AIDS who had not previously been diagnosed as HIV positive, from 1985 to 2017, were analyzed. Using the McKendrick partial differential equation, general convolution-like equations were derived, allowing estimation of the HIV incidence and the time-dependent rate of diagnosis. A likelihood-based approach was used to obtain parameter estimates.ResultsAssuming that the median incubation period was 10.0 years, the cumulative number of HIV infections was estimated to be 29,613 (95% confidence interval (CI): 29,059, 30,167) by the end of 2017, and the proportion of diagnosed HIV infections was estimated at 80.3% (95% CI [78.7%–82.0%]). Allowing the median incubation period to range from 7.5 to 12.3 years, the estimate of the proportion diagnosed can vary from 77% to 84%.DiscussionThe proportion of diagnosed HIV infections appears to have not yet reached 90% among Japanese nationals. Compared with the peak incidence from 2005–2008, new HIV infections have clearly been in a declining trend; however, there are still more than 1,000 new HIV infections per year in Japan. To increase the diagnosed proportion of HIV infections, it is critical to identify people who have difficulty accessing consultation, testing, and care, and to explore heterogeneous patterns of infection.
Perda de peso de materiais usados para o selamento mecânico de dentes não vitais submetidos a agentes clareadores.
Authors: Corvello Paula Chiattone , Godoi Márcio De Leoni , Elias Raquel Viegas , DelPino Francisco Augusto Burkett , Bueno Márcia 
Published: January 2019

O presente trabalho avaliou a solubilidade do cimento de ionômero de vidro quimicamente ativado Vidrion R® -SS White- (VR) e do reforçado com partículas resinosas Vitremer® -3M- (VT) submetidos ao tratamento com diferentes substâncias clareadoras, empregando o fosfato de zinco como controle. Os agentes clareadores utilizados foram o peróxido de carbamida (PC) e uma pasta composta por perborato de sódio + peróxido de hidrogênio (PP), ambos a 37%. Também foi avaliada a influência do tempo decorrido desde o preparo do corpo-de-prova até o momento de aplicação do clareador (se o mesmo for utilizado imediatamente após a restauração ou 24 horas depois). Foram confeccionados, com matriz padronizada, 70 corpos de prova divididos em 10 grupos (n=7) sendo que nos grupos ímpares os materiais foram utilizados imediatamente após o preparo dos corpos-de-prova e nos pares, 24 horas depois. Previamente à imersão nos clareadores, os corpos de prova foram lavados em água “Mili Q”, enxaguados e secos a uma temperatura média de 50oC durante 30 minutos até a obtenção do peso constante. Após, foram pesados em Balança Analítica de Precisão GEHAR A6-200 e imersos nos agentes clareadores sendo novamente lavados, secos e pesados no período de 21 dias, tempo final do experimento. Os resultados foram analisados através do teste de Kruskal- allis (ñ < 1%). De acordo com a metodologia empregada, foi possível verificar que o Vitremer demonstrou ser menos solúvel aos agentes clareadores quando comparado ao Vidrion R. Quando comparado com o Fosfato de zinco nenhuma diferença estatisticamente significante foi encontrada.
O Brasil Sorridente
Authors: Ribeiro Paulo César A. 
Published: January 2019

<span style="font-family: AGaramond-Semibold; font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: AGaramond-Semibold; font-size: medium;"><p>O Brasil Sorridente</p></span></span><em><span style="font-family: AGaramond-Italic; font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: AGaramond-Italic; font-size: medium;"><em><font face="AGaramond-Italic" size="4"><font face="AGaramond-Italic" size="4"><p align="left"> </p></font></font></em></span><em><font face="AGaramond-Italic" size="4"><p align="left"> </p></font></em></span><p align="left"> </p></em><span style="font-family: AGaramond-Regular; font-size: xx-small;"></span>
LA RESPONSABILIDAD MEDIOAMBIENTAL EN RELACIÓN CON LA PREVENCIÓN Y REPARACIÓN DE DAÑOS AMBIENTALES EN LA UNIÓN EUROPEA, CON ESPECIAL REFERENCIA A LOS DAÑOS CAUSADOS A LAS ESPECIES Y HÁBITATS NATURALES PROTEGIDOS
Authors: FERREIRA Georgia Seraphin 
Published: January 2019

La estrategia de la Unión Europea para un Desarollo Sostenible [ COM (2001) 264 final] ha puesto de manifesto que en las últimas décadas se han acelerado los daños a la biodiversidad, y se observa que este deterioro puede ser una de las más graves amenazas para el futuro de la natureza.
Uso de Animais em Rituais Religiosos e Legislação Brasileira em Vigor
Authors: BRANDÃO Gislaine Junqueira 
Published: January 2019

O presente trabalho visa resolver definitivamente qualquer dúvida quanto à existência de crime no uso de animais, com maus tratos, rituais religiosos, de forma a deixar clara a incidência, nestes casos, do art. 32 da Lei 9.605/98, chamada Lei de Crimes Ambientais, demonstrando que, efetivamente, a liberdade traduzida no art. 5º, inciso VI, da Constituição Federal não tem o condão de funcionar como excludente de antijuridicidade.
A condição-animal em Kaspar Hauser: Crítica à ética racionalista: O bom selvagem e a esterilidade da razão
Authors: LEVAI Laerte Fernando 
Published: January 2019

Este artigo é resultado daq monografia apresentada como requisito para obtenção do título de Especialista em Bioética à Comissão Julgadora da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo...
PROPRIEDADE VIVA: UM NOVO STATUS PARA OS ANIMAIS DENTRO DO SISTEMA JURÍDICO
Authors: FAVRE David 
Published: January 2019

<p><span style="font-size: 9.000000pt; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype';">Este artigo desenvolve a legitimidade de que os animais não-humanos podem possuir e exercer direitos legais. Esta proposta é apoiada pelo fato de que o sistema jurídico já abriga um número de leis que defendem os interesses dos animais como nossas leis penais anti-­ crueldade e as ‘civil </span><span style="font-size: 9.000000pt; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype'; font-style: italic;">trust laws’. Para tornar um pacote mais coerente de </span><span style="font-size: 9.000000pt; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype';">todos os animais relacionados com questões de política pública, é útil reconhecer a existência de uma quarta categoria de bens, propriedade viva. Uma vez diferenciada de outros tipos de propriedade, então uma nova área da jurisprudência irá evoluir proporcionando direitos legais pelo menos para alguns animais. Este artigo estabelece o porquê dos animais deverem receber consideração no âmbito do sistema jurídico, que deverá centrar-­se sobre os animais, o que alguns dos direitos legais poderiam ser e como as regras tradicionais do direito de propriedade </span><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;">serão modificadas para acomodar a presença desta nova categoria de propriedade. </span></p> <p><span style="font-family: PalatinoLinotype; font-size: 9pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 9.000000pt; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype';"> </span></p>
Short‐term remote ischemic conditioning may protect monkeys after ischemic stroke
Authors: Guo Linlin , Zhou Da , Wu Di , Ding Jiayue , He Xiaoduo , Shi Jingfei , Duan Yunxia , Yang Tingting , Ding Yuchuan , Ji Xunming , Meng Ran 
Published: January 2019

AbstractObjectiveWe aimed to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of short‐term remote ischemic postconditioning (RIPC) in acute stroke monkey models.MethodsAcute stroke monkeys were allocated to four groups based on the number of limbs exposed to RIPC. RIPC was initiated by 5‐min cuff inflation/deflation cycles of the target limb(s) for 5–10 bouts. Vital signs, skin integrity, brain MRI, and serum levels of cardiac enzymes (myoglobin, creatine kinase [CK], CK‐muscle/brain [CK‐MB]), one inflammatory marker (high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein [hsCRP], and one endothelial injury marker (von Willebrand factor [vWF]) were assessed. Spetzler scores were used to assess neurological function.ResultsNo significant differences in vital signs or local skin integrity were found. Short‐term RIPC did not reduce infarct volume under any condition at the 24th hour after stroke. However, neurological function improved in multi‐limb RIPC compared with sham and single‐limb RIPC at the 30th day follow‐up after stroke. Myoglobin, CK, and CK‐MB levels were reduced after multi‐limb RIPC, regardless of the number of bouts. Moreover, multi‐limb RIPC produced a greater diminution in CK‐MB levels, whereas two‐limb RIPC was more effective in reducing serum CK levels at the 24th hour after stroke. hsCRP increased after 5 bouts of multi‐limb RIPC before decreasing below baseline and single‐limb RIPC levels. Serum vWF was decreased at later time points after RIPC in all RIPC groups.ConclusionsStroke monkeys in hyperacute stage may benefit from short‐term RIPC; however, whether this intervention can be translated into clinical use in patients with acute ischemic stroke warrants further study.
Smart Supramolecular “Trojan Horse”‐Inspired Nanogels for Realizing Light‐Triggered Nuclear Drug Influx in Drug‐Resistant Cancer Cells
Authors: Chen Xiaokai , Zhang Xiaodong , Guo Yuxin , Zhu Ya‐Xuan , Liu Xiaoyang , Chen Zhan , Wu Fu‐Gen 
Published: January 2019

AbstractEfficient nuclear delivery of anticancer drugs evading drug efflux transporters (DETs) on the plasma and nuclear membranes of multidrug‐resistant cancer cells is highly challenging. Here, smart nanogels are designed via a one‐step self‐assembly of three functional components including a biocompatible copolymer, a fluorescent organosilica nanodot, and a photodegradable near‐infrared (NIR) dye indocyanine green (ICG). The rationally designed nanogels have high drug encapsulation efficiency (≈99%) for anticancer drug doxorubicin (Dox), self‐traceability for bioimaging, proper size for passive tumor targeting, prolonged blood circulation time for enhanced drug accumulation in tumor, and photocontrolled disassemblability. Moreover, the Dox‐loaded nanogels can effectively kill multidrug‐resistant cells via two steps: 1) They behave like a “Trojan horse” to escape from the DETs on the plasma membrane for efficiently transporting the anticancer “soldier” (Dox) into the cytoplasm and preventing the drugs from being excreted from the cells; 2) Upon NIR light irradiation, the photodegradation of ICG leads to the disassembly of the nanogels to release massive Dox molecules, which can evade the DETs on the nuclear membrane to exert their intranuclear efficacy in multidrug‐resistant cells. Combined with their excellent biocompatibility, the nanogels may provide an alternative solution for overcoming cancer multidrug resistance.