bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The relationship between foreign direct investment and economic growth in South Africa: Vector error correction analysis
Authors: Masipa Tshepo S. 
Published: June 2018

Orientation: From the Growth, Employment and Redistribution (GEAR) strategy of 1996 to the currently implemented National Development Plan (NDP), the need to attract more foreign investors and promote exports in pursuit of economic growth and job creation has been emphasised.Research purpose: It is within this context that the purpose of this article was to determine the nexus between foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows and economic growth from 1980 to 2014.Research design, approach and method: The vector error correction model is employed to determine and estimate the long-run relationship between the variables in the model.Main findings: From the findings, it was found that economic growth shares a positive relationship with both FDIs and the real effective exchange rate, while sharing a negative long-run relationship with government expenditure.Practical and managerial implications: The article contributes towards the on going debates on the impact of FDIs on economic growth and job creation in the recipient countries. Accordingly, its findings reinforce the importance of attracting FDIs in South Africa and to what extent they affect economic growth and employment.Contribution or value-add: From a policy perspective, the attraction of foreign investors must target sources that can create jobs and boost the South African economy. It is vital for the government to strengthen its machinery to fight corruption to create an environment conducive for foreign investors. Hence, this article suggests that South Africa’s capacity to grow and create jobs also depends on the country’s performance to enhance gross domestic product growth and attract more FDIs. The attraction of FDIs should, however, not be seen as an end in itself but also as a means of supporting other initiatives such as eradicating poverty and inequalities in South Africa.
Corporate social responsibility as a drive to community development and poverty reduction: A stakeholder approach to development in Zimbabwe
Authors: Muruviwa Addmore T. , Nekhwevha Fhulu H. , Akpan Wilson 
Published: June 2018

Background: The emergence of a ‘Southern’ discourse of corporate social responsibility (CSR) highlight the crucial issues of poverty reduction, infrastructure development and the broader questions of social provisioning and community development. Aim: This study builds on existing knowledge to reveal how CSR has become a drive or aid in the community development discourse and poverty reduction mechanisms. This was done through the analysis of major CSR projects by Zimplats mining company. Setting: The study was carried out in Mhondoro-Ngezi, Zimbabwe, which is in a rural setting. Method: The study employed a triangulated design, with data collected using a mini-survey, focus groups and in-depth interviews. Results: The key findings are that the fundamental roles of CSR have been to link it to addressing under-development and poverty reduction issues in developing countries. Conclusion: Through distributional CSR activities, the mining company was able to address the health, educational, employment and water needs of the local people.
La innovación en la rendición de cuentas de los medios de comunicación de servicio público (PSM). El caso de la CCMA
Authors: Marqués-Pascual Joaquín , Fondevila-Gascón Joan-Francesc , Morillo Bentué Juan 
Published: June 2018

Se analiza la transparencia de los servicios públicos de radiotelevisión y en especial de los medios de comunicación de titularidad pública (PSM), en concreto los sistemas de gobernanza y Responsabilidad Corporativa de los medios audiovisuales públicos catalanes de la Corporació Catalana de Mitjans Audiovisuals (CCMA). Metodología: Se procede a utilizar técnicas cuantitativas (extraídas de los informes periódicos que presentan los distintos responsables de la CCMA en sus comparecencias públicas) combinadas con cualitativas (una serie de entrevistas en profundidad personalizadas no estructuradas y grabadas). Resultados: se detallan los diversos instrumentos de rendición de cuentas, tanto internos como externos, explicando sus dinámicas internas y mecanismos de control. Conclusiones: sobre los instrumentos de rendición de cuentas analizados, válidos pero estancados desde hace una década, se especifican medidas de innovación ante la necesidad de implementar cambios en muchos de ellos.
Innovación en radiotelevisiones públicas europeas: narrativas inmersivas y organización de los contenidos 360 grados en plataformas digitales
Authors: Pérez-Seijo Sara , Melle Goyanes María , Paniagua Rojano Francisco Javier 
Published: June 2018

La incorporación de las narrativas inmersivas en medios ha derivado en nuevos modos de producción y distribución. Este trabajo presenta entonces un análisis sobre las estrategias de organización de vídeos 360º seguidas por las radiotelevisiones públicas europeas en sus plataformas. Metodología. Se han observado y recopilado las páginas webs y los canales de YouTube de las radiodifusoras que implementan las narrativas inmersivas en contenidos no ficción para advertir las tácticas seguidas a la hora de organizar e identificar los vídeos 360º, así como su peso en la difusión. Se han empleado técnicas cuantitativas y se ha diseñado una ficha de análisis para examinar un total de 27 webs y 32 canales de YouTube. Resultados y conclusiones. El estudio concluye que las dos plataformas desempeñan un papel fundamental como vías de difusión y que en ambas se observa una planificación estratégica encaminada a destacar y visibilizar dichos vídeos, aunque más en YouTube.
Evolution of the chemical fingerprint of biomass burning organic aerosol during aging
Authors: Bertrand Amelie , Stefenelli Giulia , Jen Coty N. , Pieber Simone M. , Bruns Emily A. , Ni Haiyan , Temime-Roussel Brice , Slowik Jay G. , Goldstein Allen H. , El Haddad Imad , Baltensperger Urs , Prévôt André S. H. , Wortham Henri , Marchand Nicolas 
Published: June 2018

Abstract. A thermal desorption aerosol gas chromatograph coupled to a high resolution – time of flight – aerosol mass spectrometer (TAG-AMS) was connected to an atmospheric chamber for the molecular characterization of the evolution of organic aerosol (OA) emitted by woodstove appliances for residential heating. Two log woodstoves (old and modern) and one pellet stove were operated under typical conditions. Emissions were aged during a time equivalent to 5 h of atmospheric aging. The five to seven samples were collected and analyzed with the TAG-AMS during each experiment. We detected and quantified over 70 compounds, including levoglucosan and nitrocatechols. We calculate the emission factor (EF) of these tracers in the primary emissions and highlight the influence of the combustion efficiency on these emissions. Smoldering combustion contributes to a higher EF and a more complex composition. We also demonstrate the effect of atmospheric aging on the chemical fingerprint. The tracers are sorted into three categories according to the evolution of their concentration: primary compounds, non-conventional primary compounds, and secondary compounds. For each, we provide a quantitative overview of their contribution to the OA mass at different times of the photo-oxidative process.
An adaptive semi-Lagrangian advection model for transport of volcanic emissions in the atmosphere
Authors: Gerwing Elena , Hort Matthias , Behrens Jörn , Langmann Bärbel 
Published: June 2018

Abstract. The dispersion of volcanic emissions in the Earth atmosphere is of interest for climate research, air traffic control and human wellbeing. Current volcanic emission dispersion models rely on fixed-grid structures that often are not able to resolve the fine filamented structure of volcanic emissions being transported in the atmosphere. Here we extend an existing adaptive semi-Lagrangian advection model for volcanic emissions including the sedimentation of volcanic ash. The advection of volcanic emissions is driven by a precalculated wind field. For evaluation of the model, the explosive eruption of Mount Pinatubo in June 1991 is chosen, which was one of the largest eruptions in the 20th century. We compare our simulations of the climactic eruption on 15 June 1991 to satellite data of the Pinatubo ash cloud and evaluate different sets of input parameters. We could reproduce the general advection of the Pinatubo ash cloud and, owing to the adaptive mesh, simulations could be performed at a high local resolution while minimizing computational cost. Differences to the observed ash cloud are attributed to uncertainties in the input parameters and the course of Typhoon Yunya, which is probably not completely resolved in the wind data used to drive the model. The best results were achieved for simulations with multiple ash particle sizes.
High Throughput Quantification of Quaternary Ammonium Cations in Food Simulants by Flow-Injection Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Yu Longjiao , Malik Sargun , Duncan Timothy V , Jablonski Joseph E 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Background: A flow-injection MS (FI/MS) method was evaluated for the quantitation of quaternary ammonium cations (QACs) in simple food simulants. Methods: The calibration standard was dimethyldioctadecyl ammonium ion (C18-C18), and the internal standard was benzyldimethylhexadecyl (BDMHD) ammonium ion. Calibration standards based on the C18-C18 ion were prepared in ethanol with a range of 5 to 500 ppb and contained 100 ppb BDMHD. The mobile phase was 90 + 10 (v/v) acetonitrile–5 mM aqueous ammonium acetate and flowed directly into an electrospray source of the mass spectrometer. Detection was accomplished by single ion recording (SIR) in positive mode. Results: Calibration curves were linear with coefficients of determination above 0.995, and the LOQ was 5 ppb. Recoveries of four QACs derived from Arquad 2HT-75, a commercially available surfactant, were measured in common food simulants: ethanol, water, 10% (v/v) ethanol in water, and 3% (v/v) aqueous acetic acid. A solvent exchange procedure was employed for the three aqueous solvents, which included complete evaporation of the sample followed by reconstitution in ethanol prior to injection. The solvent exchange method minimized losses because of QAC adsorption on glass surfaces. Recoveries ranged from 74.4 ± 4.0 to 106.7 ± 6.6% for the two most abundant Arquad 2HT-75 component cations, dimethyldioctadecyl ammonium and dimethyloctadecyl-hexadecyl ammonium. Conclusions: This method is suitable to quantify trace levels of QACs in food simulants as part of exposure evaluations related to their use in emerging food contact materials.
Review of the Determination of the Antioxidant Activity of Foods, Food Ingredients, and Dietary Supplements by Thin Layer Chromatography-Direct Bioautography, Spectrometry, and the Dot-Blot Procedure
Authors: Sherma Joseph 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
This paper reviews a selection of the most important studies on antioxidants in foods (including beverages), food ingredients, and dietary supplements by effect-directed analysis using TLC with DPPH*, ABTS*+, and β-carotene direct bioautography. Total antioxidant activity by visible mode spectrometry (colorimetry) with TLC used offline to obtain additional analytical results, mostly for identification and quantification of phenolic compounds in samples, is also discussed. Finally, dot-blot assay for total antioxidant activity, carried out on a TLC plate without mobile-phase development, is reviewed as an alternative with possible advantages compared with spectrometry.
“Until there is a cure, there is care”: A person-centered approach to supporting the wellbeing of people with Motor Neurone Disease and their family carers
Authors: Aoun Samar M , Hogden Anne , Kho Lay K 
Published: June 2018

Background: There is a lack of interventional studies to support the psychosocial wellbeing of people with MND (PwMND) and their family carers. Moreover, their experiences with the models of care already provided by ALS/MND voluntary organisations have not been well investigated.Objectives: To report on a person-centered model of care, the MND Advisory Service, designed to support the needs of PwMND and their family carers, to explore their experiences with the service they received and to identify which aspects of this service were most needed and valued by the service users.Methods: Participants were recruited from the MND Association in Western Australia. PwMND and carers were invited to separately complete anonymous postal surveys (2015-17), using a mixed method design comprising quantitative and open-ended questions.Results: The average response rate across the 3 years was 38% (138 patients and 117 carers); 84-89% of both groups felt more supported and cared for as a result of the service and 79-82% felt they were able to make more informed decisions to manage their health and wellbeing. Ninety percent of both groups found the MND Advisory Service of high value practically and emotionally, especially the personal contact and time dedicated to the visit, with 86-88% stating that the service had met their expectations.Conclusions: Two unique features of this service, not provided by other services to the same extent, are the emotional benefit to both groups and the particular focus on the family carers’ needs. Until such person-centered models of care are properly investigated through the experiences of their users, erratic changes in care funding will pose a threat to their effective operation and even viability. The drive to find a cure should not detract from the fact that PwMND and their families still need to be supported physically and psychologically until then.
A Space for Boys and Books: Guys Read Book Clubs
Authors: Nichols-Besel Kristen , Scharber Cassandra , O’Brien David G. , Dillon Deborah R. 
Published: June 2018

The well-documented gender achievement gap continues to receive popular as well as scholarly attention. Fueling this attention are international and national test scores that continue to illustrate that boys, regardless of age, income, race, or ethnicity, trail girls in reading assessments.While we acknowledge that there is a gender gap in reading achievement between males and females, we remain unconvinced that gender is the only factor; gender is a social and cultural construction, and these considerations must be included in understanding this phenomenon. We were extended a unique opportunity to experience and evaluate a literacy initiative that was created in response to the perceived “crisis” in boys’ literacy—Guys Read book clubs. This article offers an inside glimpse into the out-of-school world of boys and books, which can inform in-school reading practices for both boys and girls.
A utilização do Instagram por atletas olímpicos brasileiros: perfil traçado por uma análise de imagens
Authors: Oliveira Vivian De , Aroni André Luis , Ribeiro Luciana Botelho , Morão Kauan Galvão , Machado Afonso Antonio 
Published: June 2018

O Instagram é um aplicativo de rede social que possibilita ao usuário editar as fotos realizadas por meio de dispositivos móveis e compartilhá-las com o mundo, sendo hoje a segunda maior rede social em número de usuários. Diante desse fenômeno, o objetivo do estudo foi verificar o conteúdo das fotos postadas no Instagram por atletas olímpicos brasileiros. Foram analisadas por um período de quatro meses as fotos postadas pelos atletas que foram medalhistas nos Jogos Olímpicos de Londres, baseando-se nos pressupostos da Sociologia Visual. Como principais resultados, encontramos que há uma relação entre o número de postagens e o total de seguidores. Verificamos também que o maior número de fotos postadas é dos próprios atletas, em ambientes de trabalho e em momentos de descontração. Na maioria das fotos não há referência aos patrocinadores dos atletas, destaque ao corpo ou a vestimenta dos mesmos.
FORMALIZACIÓN DE UN MARCO METODOLÓGICO PARA LA IMPLEMENTACIÓN DE UN PROYECTO EDUCATIVO VIRTUAL ACCESIBLE
Authors: Amado-Salvatierra Héctor Roderico , Hilera González José , Otón Tortosa Salvador 
Published: June 2018

La educación enfrenta una constante evolución y la adopción de las nuevas tecnologías de información y comunicación (TICs) en las actividades académicas se refleja en la inclusión de cursos en modalidad virtual en el proceso formativo. Sin embargo, factores de accesibilidad de las plataformas y los cursos virtuales no se han tomado en cuenta en el proceso formativo, en especial en países en desarrollo que no cuentan con legislación que incentive a tomar en cuenta la accesibilidad que representa un magnífico beneficio para estudiantes con discapacidad.En este trabajo se propone un marco metodológico de referencia para tomar en cuenta la accesibilidad en los diferentes procesos del ciclo de vida de un proyecto educativo virtual. La metodología propuesta se ha basado en una norma de estandarización internacional y ha sido complementada con experiencias prácticas implementando cursos virtuales en diferentes contextos.Con el objetivo de validar el marco metodológico, un curso de formación virtual accesible para docentes ha sido preparado. La metodología ha sido validada con un proceso iterativo de tres fases, recolectando comentarios y sugerencias de los distintos actores involucrados en el proceso formativo para mejorar la comprensión y facilidad de uso de la misma. En el marco de una iniciativa de cooperación entre universidades europeas y latinoamericanas, la metodología ha sido difundida mediante un proceso de formación docente a gran escala. Un total de 12 ediciones del curso preparado han sido impartidas, 8 ediciones en formato semipresencial y 4 online. Un total de 1.182 docentes han sido formados (509 hombres y 673 mujeres). Este trabajo aporta una metodología basada en un marco para la descripción de la calidad de procesos de formación. Esto permitirá que cualquier institución pueda tomar como referencia esta metodología y realizar las adaptaciones necesarias para incorporar la accesibilidad en sus procesos de producción de cursos virtuales.
OPINIÓN DEL PROFESORADO SOBRE LAS FORTALEZAS Y DEBILIDADES DE LAS EVALUACIONES EXTERNAS DE APRENDIZAJE EN ESPAÑA
Authors: Monarca Héctor , Fernández-Agüero María 
Published: June 2018

El objetivo de este artículo es presentar las fortalezas y debilidades que, según la opinión del profesorado de centros de educación primaria y educación secundaria obligatoria, tienen las evaluaciones externas de España. Para ello se han analizado las dos preguntas abiertas de un cuestionario más amplio orientadas a identificar las opiniones sobre estas fortalezas y debilidades. Del total de respuestas obtenidas se han seleccionado las 1.607 correspondientes a 5 Comunidades Autónomas repartidas de la siguiente manera: 321 de Andalucía, 445 de Cataluña, 239 de Galicia, 491 de Madrid y 111 del País Vasco. La aplicación del cuestionario se inicia poco antes de aprobarse la nueva Ley Orgánica para la Mejora de la Calidad Educativa (LOMCE), aunque el debate en torno a ella ya llevaba al menos un año dentro de la comunidad educativa, un rasgo que define el contexto en el que se desarrolló la encuesta. Las respuestas obtenidas fueron codificadas y categorizadas mediante un proceso inductivo-deductivo que ha seguido la siguiente secuencia: I- Fuente de Información, II- Códigos emergentes, III- Categorías y IV- Dimensiones.La información ha sido tratada de acuerdo con las siguientes variables: a) «Comunidad Autónoma», b) «Etapa Educativa» (Educación Primaria y Educación Secundaria Obligatoria), y c) «Función principal desempeñada» en el centro por quien ha respondido la encuesta (miembro del equipo directivo y resto de profesores). Los resultados muestran que, en términos generales, hay mayor porcentaje de respuestas que hacen mención a efectos negativos que a positivos. Dentro de las fortalezas destaca la función diagnóstica que pueden tener las evaluaciones externas y dentro de las debilidades destaca especialmente la descontextualización de estas pruebas. El análisis muestra importantes diferencias por comunidad autónoma y, en algunos casos, también por función principal desempeñada por el que ha contestado la encuesta.
Association Analysis of Piping Materials of an Offshore Structure Using Big Data Technology
Authors: Park Sung-Woo , Roh Myung-II , Oh Min-Jae , Kim Seong-Hoon 
Published: June 2018

Various types of data are produced by the shipbuilding and offshore industry. As the number of ships and offshore structures that were built over time increased, an enormous amount of data, called big data, had to be handled. However, it is difficult to handle effectively such big data with the existing methodology for data storage and processing. Therefore, big data technology needs to be applied to the systems of shipyards, such as the product lifecycle management system. On the other hand, the construction of an offshore structure requires a lot of piping, and there are many materials as much as piping. For a shipyard that executes multiple projects at once, it is not easy to correlate so much piping material. A piping designer should check all materials based on his or her understanding of the design characteristics. However, depending on the maturity of the designer, it can be difficult to handle such large data manually; as a result, there can be errors in piping design. In this study, a big data framework applicable to the shipyard is proposed and used for the analysis. That is, the association analysis of piping materials of an offshore structure is performed based on the big data framework that can process a large amount of data to assist piping designers. As an application, after analyzing the material data for one offshore structure, the applicability of this study was evaluated through the results. We believe this study can help piping designers.

1. Introduction

1.1. Research background
One of the fastest growing technologies in several industries is big data and its applications. Big data can be defined as a series of computer technologies that can store, process, and manage much more data than were handled before. From this next-generation technology and architecture, data can be easily gathered and analyzed. Big data is often characterized by three different words that start with "V" (Beyer 2011). The first "V" word is volume and it refers to a large volume of data. The next "V" word is velocity, referring to how fast the data processing is. Usually, it should be enough to obtain the result of the analysis in real time without any delay. Also, there are many types of processable data, which can also be unstructured; hence, the last "V" word stands for variety. Recently, two more words are used because we cannot define the characteristics of big data with only three words. One is "veracity"; another is "value." Veracity is for selecting high-quality data from all of it (Villanova University 2018) and value is the main reason why people use big data technology (Mauro et al. 2013). Table 1 describes the characteristics of big data briefly.