bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
La Ley de Seguridad Interior en México: entre la razón de Estado y la justificación de los derechos humanos/ The Law of Internal Security in Mexico: between the reason of State and the justification of human rights
Authors: Medellín Mendoza Laura Nelly 
Published: December 2018

Presentamos un análisis cualitativo exploratorio-descriptivo desde la Ciencia Política acerca de la argumentación sostenida en las iniciativas de la Ley de Seguridad Interior (LSI) presentadas por el Partido Revolucionario Institucional (PRI), el Partido Acción Nacional (PAN) y el Partido de la Revolución Democrática (PRD). Dos conceptos operativos guían el análisis: razón de Estado y derechos humanos, presentes tanto en las justificaciones implícitas de quienes impulsan la Ley como en las de sus detractores, quienes la califican de violatoria de derechos humanos. En este último punto, nos concentramos en revisar dos acciones de inconstitucionalidad presentadas por la Comisión Nacional de los Derechos Humanos (CNDH) y por un grupo de legisladores de oposición que no votaron a favor de la LSI en la Sexagésima Tercera Legislatura. Nos interesa mostrar la colisión de argumentos entre la visión de Estado, que quiere legitimar jurídicamente la presencia del Ejército en las calles y la otra visión, que asume una justificación garantista de los derechos humanos.
Abstract
We present an exploratory qualitative analysis from the standpoint of Political Science about the argumentation sustained in the initiatives of the Internal Security Law (LSI) presented by the Institutional Revolutionary Party, the National Action Party and the Party of the Democratic Revolution. Two operative concepts guide the analysis: reason of State and human rights, both present in the implicit justifications of those who promote the law, and in those of its detractors, who qualify it as a violation of human rights. In this last point, we concentrate on reviewing two unconstitutionality actions presented by the National Commission of Human Rights and by a group of opposition legislators who did not vote in favor of the LSI in the Sixty-Third Legislature. We aim to show the collision of arguments between the vision of the State, which wants to legally legitimize the presence of the Army in the streets, and the other vision, which assumes a guaranteeing justification of human rights.
Miradas desde el sur de México sobre seguridad y frontera/ Gazes from southern Mexico on security and border
Authors: Ramos Rojas Diego Noel , Coraza de los Santos Enrique , Martínez Junco Santiago 
Published: December 2018

La llamada “frontera sur de México” representa un fenómeno multivariable y poliédrico, que encarna una complejidad por su carácter de región transfronteriza, a la vez que conforma uno de los corredores de movilidad humana más importantes del mundo. En este artículo presentamos un estudio sobre esta realidad a partir de dos acercamientos complementarios. En primer lugar, comprende un estudio conceptual, teórico y contextual sobre lo que representa ese espacio en diferentes escalas, desde la regional hasta la global. En segundo lugar, un estudio micro sobre las percepciones de las personas que viven la frontera, a partir de testimonios recogidos en las ciudades situadas en las orillas del río Suchiate (límite entre México y Guatemala).
Abstract
The well-known "southern border of Mexico" represents a multivariable and multifaceted phenomenon that embodies a complexity due to its cross-border region characteristic. It is worldwide identified as one of the most important human corridors. In this article we present a study about this situation from two complementary approaches. In one hand, we performed a conceptual, theoretical and contextual study about what this space represents, in different scales, from regional to global perspective. On the other hand, we present a micro study that approaches the perceptions of people who live at the border region, with testimonies collected in the cities located along the Suchiate riverside (border between Mexico and Guatemala).
Propuestas para regular las migraciones en Chile y la obstinación del securitismo/ Proposals to regulate migrations in Chile and the obstinacy of securitism
Authors: Concha Villanueva Sebastián Andrés 
Published: December 2018

El siguiente artículo tiene como objetivo analizar de manera comparativa los proyectos para regular las migraciones en Chile de los Gobiernos de Michelle Bachelet y Sebastián Piñera. Se argumenta que ambos comparten un rasgo común: pese a contener elementos que se basan en la promoción de derechos, mantienen características que se corresponden con una lógica de control. Se resume el fenómeno chileno de la inmigración, que motiva a crear una normativa que reemplace a la vigente; se analiza la actual Ley de Extranjería y se establece un marco comparativo que dirime las particularidades de las propuestas de Ley Migratoria hechas por los Gobiernos de Michelle Bachelet y Sebastián Piñera.
Abstract
This paper aims to analyze, in a comparative perspective, the projects to regulate migrations in Chile presented by the governments of Michelle Bachelet and Sebastian Piñera. It is argued that both share a common feature: despite having elements based on the promotion of rights, they maintain traits that correspond to a control logic. We summarize the Chilean phenomenon of immigration that motivates the creation of a new regulation, analyze the present law and, finally, establish a comparative framework that addresses the particularities of the proposed immigration laws made by the Michelle Bachelet and Sebastian Piñera governments.
Changes in human sperm motility characteristics in the presence of protein-peptide complex
Authors: Evdokimov V. V. , Efremov E. A. , Elistratov P. A. , Yamskov I. A. , Askerov A. F. , Yamskova V. P. , Turovetsky V. B. 
Published: December 2018

The study objectiveis to examine the changes in motility of human spermatozoa under the effect of a protein-peptide complex extracted from cattle testes (Bos taurus).Materials and methods. The protein-peptide complex was extracted from testes tissue obtained during butchering of cattle at meat processing plants of the Moscow Region. Human spermatozoa were obtained from the ejaculate in the usual way. From the ejaculate sample, 1 ml was collected for the experiment and control. The protein-peptide complex was added to a test tube in concentrations of 10–8, 10–9, and 10–12 mg/ml. For every concentration, 10–12 experiments were performed. General and active motility were evaluated after 30 min, 1 and 3 hours of incubation at room temperature.Results and conclusion. The experiments have shown that in the presence of the protein-peptide complex, spermatozoa motility increased by 10–30 % relative to the initial value at 30 minutes, and this change persisted for 3 hours of observation. The change depended on the complex concentration: the largest increase was observed at 10–12 mg/ml. Higher complex concentrations did not have a positive effect on spermatozoa motility.
Efficacy and tolerability of brivaracetam in the treatment of epilepsy: literature review and own experience
Authors: Pylaeva O. A. , Mukhin K. Yu. 
Published: December 2018

Background. Despite significant advances in epileptology, approximately 30 % of patients suffer from drug-resistant epilepsy. Numerous approaches are currently available to treat epilepsy; however, there are still many patients with treatment-resistant disease, in whom surgery is impossible and alternative methods (vagus nerve stimulation and ketogenic diet) are ineffective. Thus, searching for new effective antiepileptic drugs (AED) for these patients remains highly relevant. In this article, we reviewed available publications and provided own results on the efficacy and tolerability of brivaracetam (Briviact®) in patients with intractable focal epilepsy.Materials and methods. The study included 8 patients aged between 16 and 35 years (mean age 18.3 years; 2 males and 6 females) with intractable focal epilepsy treated at the Svt. Luka’s Institute of Child Neurology and Epilepsy between February 1st, 2017 and September 1st, 2018.All patients received brivaracetam as an additional AED for the treatment of focal and bilateral convulsive seizures. Patients were followed up for 1 to 7.5 months. Brivaracetam was added to 1 or 2 AED (valproate, topiramate, or carbamazepine/oxcarbazepine) at a dose of 100–200 mg/day divided into 2 doses.Results and discussion. Good therapeutic effect (more than 50 % reduction in seizure frequency) was registered in 4 patients (50 %). Two patients (25 %) achieved a 25–50 % reduction in seizure frequency. Minimal clinical efficacy with no effect was observed in one patient (12.5 %). One patient (12.5 %) had aggravation of focal and motor seizures. Brivaracetam significantly reduced the severity (intensity and duration) of epileptic seizures in 70 % of patients. Four patients demonstrated substantial improvements on electroencephalogram (decreased epileptiform activity). One patient had complete suppression of epileptiform activity. Brivaracetam was most effective for bilateral convulsive seizures: 4 out of 5 patients experienced complete relief of these seizures.Brivaracetam demonstrated good tolerability: no side effects were registered in this study. Six out of 8 participants (75 %) currently continue treatment with brivaracetam. It is important that none of the patients had to stop brivaracetam due to poor tolerability. Of note, all of study participants started to receive brivaracetam because they had seizures resistant to multiple (more than 2–3) AED.Conclusion. Our findings suggest high efficacy and good tolerability of brivaracetam in patients with focal epilepsy. Our results are also consistent with the data reported by foreign authors.
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: concomitant diseases with an emphasis on epilepsy
Authors: Pylaeva O. A. , Shatenshtein A. A. , Mukhin K. Yu. 
Published: December 2018

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common cause of behavioral disorders and learning difficulties in preschool and school-age children. Patients with ADHD are often diagnosed with concomitant diseases, which creates additional diagnostic and therapeutic challenges and leads to a more significant reduction in the quality of life. ADHD is often associated with epilepsy: ADHD manifestations are more common in individuals with epilepsy, and vice versa, patients with ADHD are more likely to have epilepsy. The estimated prevalence of ADHD in children is 7–9 %, whereas in children with epilepsy, it reaches 20–50 %. Epilepsy is also one of the most common diseases in children (affecting approximately 1 % of the pediatric population), which is often aggravated by concomitant diseases, including cognitive, behavioral and emotional disorders. Various factors, such as characteristics of epileptic process and lesions in particular portions of the brain, can underlie the development of ADHD in epilepsy. Epileptiform activity and adverse effects of antiepileptic drugs can also play an important etiological role. Some antiepileptic drugs (such as barbiturates) may cause symptoms similar to those in ADHD (in this case, inattentiveness and hyperactivity shall be considered as adverse events that can be reduced or eliminated after cessation of the drug) or exacerbate ADHD symptoms in patients with these disorders. Therefore, the drugs with no negative impact on concomitant diseases or with a positive therapeutic effect for both diseases are preferable in these cases.High prevalence of the ADHD/epilepsy combination leads to a greater reduction in the quality of life, suggesting high relevance of this problem and requiring a revision of therapeutic approaches.
Yem Bezelyesi Silajlarında Karbonhidrat Kaynağı Olarak Melas Kullanılma Olanakları
Authors: CANBOLAT Önder , AKBAY Kadir Cem , KAMALAK Adem 
Published: December 2018

Bu araştırma, yem bezelyesi (Pisum Sativum L.) silajına suda çözünür karbonhidrat (ŞÇK) kaynağı olarak melas ilavesinin silo fermantasyonu, mikrobiyolojisi, in vitro gaz üretimi ve nispi yem değerleri (NYD) üzerine etkilerini saptamak için düzenlenmiştir. Bu amaçla yem bezelyesi bakla doldurma döneminde hasat edilmiştir. Hasat sonrası yaklaşık 1.5-2.0 cm boyutunda parçalanan taze materyale 0 (kontrol), 15, 30, 45 ve 60 g/kg taze materyal (TM) düzeyinde melas katılmıştır. Melas ilavesi yem bezelyesi silajlarının ham besin maddeleri bileşimini önemli derecede etkilemiştir (P&lt;0.01). Melas dozuna bağlı olarak silajların ham protein (HP), ham yağ (HY), nötr deterjan lif (NDF), asit deterjan lif (ADF) ve asit deterjan lignin (ADL) içeriği azalmış, kuru madde (KM), ham kül (HK) ve suda çözünebilir karbonhidrat (SÇK) içeriği artmıştır (P&lt;0.01). Melas ilavesi yem bezelyesi silajlarının pH’sını, asetik asit, bütirik asit ve amonyak azotu (NH3-N) içeriklerini düşürürken, laktik asit ve propiyonik asit içeriklerini artırmıştır (P&lt;0.01). Aynı şekilde melas ilavesi yem bezelyesi silajlarının in vitro gaz üretimi, organik madde sindirim derecesini (OMSD) ve metabolik enerji (ME) içeriklerini de artırmıştır (P&lt;0.01). Melas ilavesi ayrıca yem bezelyesi silajlarının nispi yem değeri (NYD) ve kuru madde tüketimi (KMT)’ni olumlu yönde etkilemiştir (P&lt;0.01). Araştırma sonucunda, melasın SÇK düzeyi düşük olan yem bezelyesi silajlarında kullanılması, silajların yem değerini ve fermantasyon özelliklerini iyileştirmiştir.
A revista A Defesa Nacional: memória e política (1931-1937) * A Defesa Nacional journal: memory and politcs (1931-1937)
Authors: Elíbio Jr Antônio Manoel , Nascimento Fernanda De Santos 
Published: December 2018

Este artigo tem por o objetivo analisar a categoria “Questões Nacionais (ou não-militares)” na Revista A Defesa Nacional (ADN). Chama a atenção ao investigarmos a ADN, que temas como o papel do Exército/ Militares e a política sejam tão frequentes quanto os assuntos relacionados à organização militar e às reformas militares. A recorrência destes assuntos demonstrada na formação do corpus deste trabalho tornou-o relevante para a análise sobre A Defesa Nacional nas edições aqui levantadas publicadas entre os anos de 1931 a 1937. Portanto, procuraremos problematizar o papel dos militares na República e a “modernização do Exército” que são discutidos pelos redatores da ADN, sobretudo pela oficialidade do Exército Brasileiro.*This paper aims to analyze the category "National issues (or non-military)" in the A Defesa Nacional Journal. As we investigate the journal, we noticed that themes such as the role of the Army / Military and politics are as frequent as the issues related to the military organization and military reforms. The recurrence of these subjects displayed in the formation of the corpus of this work made it relevant to the analysis of Defesa Nacional journal on issues raised here published between 1931 and 1937. We will, therefore, seek to problematize the role of the military in the Republic and the "modernization of the Army" that are discussed by the editors of the Defesa Nacional Journal, especially by officers of the Brazilian army.
Protein-energy wasting and asymmetric dimethylarginine in peritoneal dialysis patients
Authors: Heleniak Zbigniew , Małgorzewicz Sylwia , Lichodziejewska-Niemierko Monika , Rutkowski Rutkowski , Aleksandrowicz-Wrona Ewa , Dębska-Ślizień Alicja 
Published: December 2018

Cardiovascular (CVS) morbidity and mortality in the peritoneal dialysis patients (PD) is 10-30-fold higher than in the general population. A relatively low level of adiponectin and a higher level of leptin are important predictors of vascular complications as well as CVS events in PD patients. The asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, is an important risk factor of CVS morbidity and mortality. It is very important to establish all CVS risk factors in the PD patients to prevent CVS morbidity and mortality in this population. The aim of the study was to determine the plasma concentration of ADMA and adipokines in relation to the protein-energy wasting (PEW) in PD patients.The study was performed in 30 PD patients and in the control group which consisted of 23 healthy volunteers. Plasma levels of hsC-reactive protein, TNF, IL-6, leptin, adiponectin, oxyLDL and ADMA were measured by ELISA method in both groups. The nutritional status was determined by measuring the albumin, body mass index (BMI), the percentage of body fat (%F), lean body mass (LBM) and Subjective Global Assessment Score (SGA). The adequacy of dialysis was estimated by weekly Kt/V. In all PD patients, significantly higher levels of ADMA, leptin, oxyLDL, hsCRP and TNF in comparison to controls were observed. In contrast to well-nourished subjects, patients with PEW, in addition to increased hsCRP, showed significantly higher ADMA. PEW was associated with high levels of ADMA and hsCRP and this could probably be responsible for increased CVS risk in PD patients.
The aim of the study was to determine the plasma concentration of ADMA and adipokines in the relation to the protein – energy wasting (PEW) in PD patients.
The study was performed in 30 PD and in the control group consisted of 23 healthy volunteers . Plasma levels of hsC-reactive protein, TNF, IL-6, leptin, adiponectin, oxyLDL and ADMA were measured by ELISA methods in both groups.
The assessment of nutritional status was determined by the albumin, body mass index (BMI), percentage of body fat (%F), lean body mass (LBM) and Subjective Global Assessment Score (SGA).The adequacy of dialysis was estimated by weekly Kt/V.
In all PD patients, significantly higher levels of ADMA, leptin, oxyLDL, hsCRP and TNF in comparison to controls were observed. In contrast to well-nourished subjects, patients with PEW, in addition to increased hsCRP, showed significantly higher ADMA.
PEW was associated with high levels of ADMA and hsCRP and this could probably be responsible for increased CVS risk in PD patients.
Turismo de base comunitária e relação de poder no Parque Nacional Marinho de Fernando de Noronha (Brasil)
Authors: Araujo Carolina Dutra de , Cândido Débora Regina Campos , Krott Max 
Published: December 2018

O turismo de base comunitária pode ser uma alternativa para o desenvolvimento do turismo na medida em que este promove o empoderamento das comunidades locais nos processos de tomada de decisão. Entretanto, os diferentes interesses dos atores envolvidos apresentam-se como entraves a essa alternativa. O objetivo deste estudo é identificar os elementos de poder dos atores mais poderosos que exercem influência no Parque Nacional Marinho de Fernando de Noronha, a fim de analisar se há condições de desenvolvimento de turismo de base comunitária na ilha, de acordo com o apoio desses atores. Para tanto, foi analisada a distribuição de poder entre os atores levando-se em consideração coerção, incentivos e desincentivos, e informação dominante por meio de entrevistas com oito atores considerados mais poderosos, com interesse em turismo no local. Acredita-se que quando os interesses dos atores mais poderosos são contemplados, o planejamento do turismo pode ser mais efetivo. Nesse contexto, o turismo de base comunitária emerge como uma das alternativas possíveis para um desenvolvimento turístico mais justo para as comunidades locais. Os resultados indicam que há algum apoio ao turismo de base comunitária por parte dos entrevistados, entretanto, o cenário observado é de excessiva valorização do conhecimento técnico, notadamente por ser uma área protegida, o que afasta o residente dos processos de tomada de decisão.
Turismo gastronômico e desenvolvimento regional: um estudo a partir do caso do queijo minas artesanal do Serro
Authors: Medeiros Mirna De Lima , Cunha Júlio Araujo Carneiro da , Passador João Luiz 
Published: December 2018

Práticas alimentares tradicionais incorporadas ao turismo local podem tornar-se mais do que manifestações culturais e identitárias, elementos estratégicos para uma “marca” local. Assim, objetivou-se analisar o turismo gastronômico relacionado ao queijo minas artesanal do Serro. Especificamente buscou-se verificar a percepção e atitude do turista com relação ao QMA do Serro e atividades relacionadas ao produto; analisar a opinião de stakeholders; e tecer apontamentos com relação ao aproveitamento turístico do QMA do Serro e o desenvolvimento econômico e cultural. A teoria de sustentação discutiu a influência do turismo gastronômico no desenvolvimento regional (econômico e cultural). Para tal fim, optou-se por um estudo de caso de design rígido, planejado e com proposições bem definidas. A coleta de dados contemplou um questionário aos turistas que visitaram a região queijeira (103 respostas válidas); entrevistas com pessoas envolvidas com a produção ou comercialização do QMA do Serro (15 sujeitos) e análise documental. A análise se deu por análise de conteúdo e estatística descritiva. O potencial turístico do QMA do Serro é confirmado, contudo, há subaproveitamento de recursos que parece implicar em baixo incremento econômico e de trocas de conhecimentos limitadas, que poderiam melhor ocorrer em redes.
Análisis de requerimientos para un sistema nacional de monitoreo de puentes
Authors: Garita César , Ortiz Giannina , Mora-Mora Juliana 
Published: December 2018

Los puentes representan un componente fundamental de la infraestructura vial de cualquier país. Daños y deficiencias en puentes pueden tener un impacto directo en la ejecución de actividades socio-económicas de la población en general. En Costa Rica, aún no se cuenta con un inventario completo de puentes en rutas nacionales por lo que resulta muy difícil conocer su condición real para poder diseñar y desarrollar un adecuado plan de mantenimiento e intervención a largo plazo, así como priorizar mejor la inversión de recursos estatales. Para abordar este problema, el proyecto de investigación e-Bridge 3.0 planteado en el Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica, tiene como objetivo principal diseñar un prototipo de un sistema de monitoreo de puentes que permita integrar información de las estructuras existentes con el fin de apoyar la toma de decisiones por parte de diversos actores e instituciones en el área de gestión vial. Como base para el diseño del prototipo, se realizó una fase de análisis de requerimientos, incluyendo una revisión de trabajos relacionados y una comparación detallada de sistemas existentes que condujeron a la identificación de los actores, la información y los procesos principales que deben ser tomados en cuenta por un sistema de este tipo. También se llevó a cabo un taller de consulta con un grupo de potenciales usuarios del sistema para validar los requerimientos. Este artículo resume los resultados obtenidos del análisis de los requerimientos funcionales más importantes que debe considerar un sistema nacional de monitoreo de puentes.