bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pseudochylothorax: An unusual mode of revelation of pleural metastasis from solid tumor
Authors: Streit Arthur , Guerrera Francesco , Kouki Matthieu , Siat Joelle , Lyberis Paraskevas , Filosso Pier Luigi , Renaud Stéphane 
Published: August 2018

Introduction: Pseudochylothorax is a rare cause of pleural effusion. Sometimes confounded with chylothorax, firm diagnosis relies on analysis of the pleural liquid: exudative liquid (protein >30 g/L, lactate dehydrogenase >200 UI/L) with a high level of cholesterol (usually >200 mg/dL), low level of triglyceride (usually <110 mg/dL), cholesterol total/triglyceride ratio >1, absence of chylomicron, and in some cases the presence of cholesterol crystals. Pseudochylothorax is secondary to tuberculosis and rheumatoid arthritis in nearly 90% of cases. Its oncologic etiologies are mainly represented by malignant hematologic disorders. Methods: We report the first case of pseudochylothorax whose cause was the pleural metastasis of an extrathoracic solid tumor in a 61-year-old man with a medical history of oropharynx carcinoma. Results: Computed tomography scan disclosed a left partitioned effusion of high abundance, responsible for a passive atelectasis of the left lower lobe and multiple bilateral pulmonary nodules. A drainage tube was inserted to allow the evacuation of serous liquid; biochemical examination revealed an exudative effusion with pseudochylothorax criteria. Because the daily chest drainage output remained greater than 1 L per day, videothoracoscopy pleural biopsies and talc pleurodesis were performed. Histopathologic examination of the pleural biopsies found a pleural localization of oropharynx carcinoma. Conclusion: Because its occurrence is probably underestimated, when pseudochylothorax is diagnosed, oncologic causes should be considered.
Patient-Reported Outcomes Before and After Primary and Revision Total Ankle Arthroplasty
Authors: Lachman James R. , Ramos Jania A. , Adams Samuel B. , Nunley James A. , Easley Mark E. , DeOrio James K. 
Published: August 2018

Background: Studies examining the clinical outcomes of revision total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) are sparse. Revision TAA surgery has become more common with availability of revision implants and refinement of bone-conserving primary implants. In this study, patient-reported results and clinical outcomes were analyzed for a cohort of patients who underwent both primary and revision TAA at a single high-volume institution. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed prospectively collected data on 29 patients with failed primary total ankle arthroplasty. Cases of isolated polyethylene exchange, infection, or extra-articular realignment procedures were excluded. Patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures and clinical results were reviewed in this longitudinal study. Results: Fifteen patients (51.7%) underwent revision of just the talar and polyethylene components while 13 patients (44.8%) underwent revision of all components. The most common cause was talar subsidence (51.7%). The average time to revision was 3.9 years with a follow-up of 3.2 years after revision, and 3 (10.3%) revision arthroplasties required further surgery; 2 required conversion to arthrodesis and 1 required second revision TAA. Improvements in PROs were better after primary than revision TAA. Conclusions: Clinical and patient-reported results of revision ankle arthroplasty after metal component failure improved significantly but never reached the improvements seen after primary ankle arthroplasty. In our series, 10.3% of revision TAAs required a second revision TAA or arthrodesis surgery. Levels of Evidence: Therapeutic Level III, comparative series.
Burden of ventricular arrhythmias at 12-lead 24-hour ambulatory ECG monitoring in middle-aged endurance athletes versus sedentary controls
Authors: Zorzi Alessandro , Mastella Giulio , Cipriani Alberto , Berton Giampaolo , Del Monte Alvise , Gusella Beatrice , Nese Alberto , Portolan Leonardo , Sciacca Federico , Tikvina Suada , Tollot Saverio , Trovato Domenico , Iliceto Sabino , Schiavon Maurizio , Corrado Domenico 
Published: August 2018

Background Whether prolonged and intense exercise increases the incidence of ventricular arrhythmias in middle-aged athletes remains to be established. Design Prospective, case-control. Methods We studied 134 healthy competitive athletes >30 years old (median age 45 (39–51) years, 83% males) who had been engaged in 9 ± 2 h per week of endurance sports activity (running, cycling, triathlon) for 13 ± 4 consecutive years. One hundred and thirty-four age- and gender-matched individuals served as controls. Both groups underwent 12-lead 24-h ambulatory electrocardiogram monitoring, which included a training session in athletes. Ventricular arrhythmias were evaluated in terms of number, complexity (i.e. couplet, triplet or non-sustained ventricular tachycardia), exercise-inducibility and morphology. Results Thirty-five (26%) athletes and 31 (23%) controls showed >10 isolated premature ventricular beats or ≥1 complex ventricular arrhythmia ( p = 0.53). Athletes with ventricular arrhythmias were older (median 48 versus 43 years old, p = 0.03) but did not differ with regard to hours of training and years of activity compared with athletes without ventricular arrhythmias. Ten (7%) athletes and six (5%) controls showed >500 premature ventricular beats/24 h ( p = 0.30): the most common ventricular arrhythmia morphologies were infundibular (six athletes and five controls) and fascicular (two athletes and one control). Conclusions The prevalence of ventricular arrhythmias at 24-hour ambulatory electrocardiogram monitoring did not differ between middle-aged athletes and sedentary controls and was unrelated to the amount and duration of exercise. These findings do not support the hypothesis that endurance sports activity increases the burden of ventricular arrhythmias. Among individuals with frequent premature ventricular beats, the predominant ectopic QRS morphologies were consistent with the idiopathic and benign nature of the arrhythmia.
Acute Kidney Injury Defined by Fluid Corrected Creatinine in Neonates After the Norwood Procedure
Authors: SooHoo Megan McFerson , Patel Sonali S. , Jaggers James , Faubel Sarah , Gist Katja M. 
Published: August 2018

Background: Both the Norwood procedure and acute kidney injury (AKI) are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The impact of AKI by measured and fluid corrected serum creatinine on outcomes after the Norwood procedure has not been previously studied. The purpose of this study was to (1) identify the incidence of AKI, (2) determine AKI risk factors, and (3) evaluate outcomes in patients with AKI using both measured and fluid corrected serum creatinine. Methods: Single-center retrospective chart review from 2009 to 2015 including neonates who underwent the Norwood procedure. Acute kidney injury was defined by the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes staging criteria using both measured and fluid corrected serum creatinine. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the risk factors associated with AKI. Results: Ninety-five neonates underwent the Norwood procedure. Correcting for fluid overload increased the incidence of AKI from 40% to 44%, increased AKI severity in 15 patients, and improved the identification of adverse outcomes associated with AKI. Patients palliated with the modified Blalock-Taussig shunt (mBTS) had a 9.4 greater odds of fluid corrected AKI compared to those palliated with a right ventricle to pulmonary artery conduit (95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 1.68-52.26, P = .01). A higher vasoactive inotrope score (VIS) on postoperative day (POD) 0 was associated with fluid corrected AKI (odds ratio: 1.20, 95% CI: 1.06-1.35; P = .003). Conclusions: Acute kidney injury is common after the Norwood procedure. Correcting creatinine for fluid balance revealed new cases of AKI. Use of an mBTS and higher VIS on POD 0 were associated with increased risk of AKI.
Proximal Rotational Metatarsal Osteotomy for Hallux Valgus (PROMO)
Authors: Wagner Pablo , Wagner Emilio 
Published: August 2018

Background: Hallux valgus deformity consists of a lateral deviation of the great toe, metatarsus varus, and pronation of the first metatarsal. Most osteotomies only correct varus, but not the pronation of the metatarsal. Persistent postoperative pronation has been shown to increase deformity recurrence and have worse functional outcomes. The proximal rotational metatarsal osteotomy (PROMO) technique reliably corrects pronation and varus through a stable osteotomy, avoiding fusing any healthy joints. The objective of this research is to show a prospective series of the PROMO technique. Methods: Twenty-five patients (30 feet) were operated with the PROMO technique. The sample included 22 women and 3 men, average age 46 years (range 22-59), for a mean prospective follow-up of 1 year (range 9-14 months). Inclusion criteria included symptomatic hallux valgus deformities, absence of severe joint arthritis, or inflammatory arthropathies, with a metatarsal malrotation of 10 degrees or more, with no tarsometatarsal subluxation or arthritis on the anteroposterior or lateral foot radiograph views. The mean preoperative and postoperative Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS) score, metatarsophalangeal angle, intermetatarsal angle, metatarsal malrotation, complications, satisfaction, and recurrence were recorded. Results: The mean preoperative and postoperative LEFS scores were 56 and 73. The median pre-/postoperative metatarsophalangeal angle was 32.5/4 degrees and the intermetatarsal angle 15.5/5 degrees. The metatarsal rotation was satisfactorily corrected in 24 of 25 patients. An Akin osteotomy was needed in 27 of 30 feet. All patients were satisfied with the surgery, and no recurrence or complications were found. Conclusions: PROMO is a reliable technique, with good short-term results in terms of angular correction, satisfaction, and recurrence. Long-term studies are needed to determine if a lower hallux recurrence rate occurs with the correction of metatarsal rotation in comparison with conventional osteotomies. Level of evidence: IV, prospective case series.
The short-term bronchodilator effects of the dual phosphodiesterase 3 and 4 inhibitor RPL554 in COPD
Authors: Singh Dave , Abbott-Banner Katharine , Bengtsson Thomas , Newman Kenneth 
Published: August 2018

We investigated the short-term bronchodilator effects of RPL554 (an inhaled dual phosphodiesterase 3 and 4 inhibitor) combined with other bronchodilators in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients with reversibility (>150 mL to short-acting bronchodilators).Study 1 was a six-way, placebo-controlled crossover study (n=36) with single doses of RPL554 (6 mg), salbutamol (200 µg), ipratropium (40 µg), RPL554 (6 mg)+salbutamol (200 µg), RPL554 (6 mg)+ipratropium (40 µg) or placebo. Study 2 was a three-way crossover study (n=30) of tiotropium (18 µg) combined with RPL554 (1.5 or 6 mg) or placebo for 3 days. Forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), lung volumes and specific airway conductance (sGaw) were measured.In study 1, peak FEV1change compared with placebo was similar with RPL554, ipratropium and salbutamol (mean 223, 199 and 187 mL, respectively). The peak FEV1was higher for RPL554+ipratropiumversusipratropium (mean difference 94 mL; p<0.0001) and RPL554+salbutamolversussalbutamol (mean difference 108 mL; p<0.0001). In study 2 (day 3), both RPL554 doses caused greater peak FEV1effects than placebo. The average FEV1(0–12 h)increase was greater with RPL554 6 mg onlyversusplacebo (mean difference 65 mL; p=0.0009). In both studies, lung volumes and sGawshowed greater RPL554 combination treatment effectsversusmonotherapy.RPL554 combined with standard bronchodilators caused additional bronchodilation and hyperinflation reduction.
Cancer Risks for PMS2-Associated Lynch Syndrome
Authors: ten Broeke Sanne W. , van der Klift Heleen M. , Tops Carli M.J. , Aretz Stefan , Bernstein Inge , Buchanan Daniel D. , de la Chapelle Albert , Capella Gabriel , Clendenning Mark , Engel Christoph , Gallinger Steven , Gomez Garcia Encarna , Figueiredo Jane C. , Haile Robert , Hampel Heather L. , Hest Liselotte van , Hopper John L. , Hoogerbrugge Nicoline , von Knebel Doeberitz Magnus , Le Marchand Loic , Letteboer Tom G.W. , Jenkins Mark A. , Lindblom Annika , Lindor Noralane M. , Mensenkamp Arjen R. , Møller Pål , Newcomb Polly A. , van Os Theo A.M. , Pearlman Rachel , Pineda Marta , Rahner Nils , Redeker Egbert J.W. , Olderode-Berends Maran J.W. , Rosty Christophe , Schackert Hans K. , Scott Rodney , Senter Leigha , Spruijt Liesbeth , Steinke-Lange Verena , Suerink Manon , Thibodeau Stephen , Vos Yvonne J. , Wagner Anja , Winship Ingrid , Hes Frederik J. , Vasen Hans F.A. , Wijnen Juul T. , Nielsen Maartje , Win Aung Ko 
Published: August 2018

Purpose Lynch syndrome due to pathogenic variants in the DNA mismatch repair genes MLH1, MSH2, and MSH6 is predominantly associated with colorectal and endometrial cancer, although extracolonic cancers have been described within the Lynch tumor spectrum. However, the age-specific cumulative risk (penetrance) of these cancers is still poorly defined for PMS2-associated Lynch syndrome. Using a large data set from a worldwide collaboration, our aim was to determine accurate penetrance measures of cancers for carriers of heterozygous pathogenic PMS2 variants. Methods A modified segregation analysis was conducted that incorporated both genotyped and nongenotyped relatives, with conditioning for ascertainment to estimates corrected for bias. Hazard ratios (HRs) and corresponding 95% CIs were estimated for each cancer site for mutation carriers compared with the general population, followed by estimation of penetrance. Results In total, 284 families consisting of 4,878 first- and second-degree family members were included in the analysis. PMS2 mutation carriers were at increased risk for colorectal cancer (cumulative risk to age 80 years of 13% [95% CI, 7.9% to 22%] for males and 12% [95% CI, 6.7% to 21%] for females) and endometrial cancer (13% [95% CI, 7.0%–24%]), compared with the general population (6.6%, 4.7%, and 2.4%, respectively). There was no clear evidence of an increased risk of ovarian, gastric, hepatobiliary, bladder, renal, brain, breast, prostate, or small bowel cancer. Conclusion Heterozygous PMS2 mutation carriers were at small increased risk for colorectal and endometrial cancer but not for any other Lynch syndrome–associated cancer. This finding justifies that PMS2-specific screening protocols could be restricted to colonoscopies. The role of risk-reducing hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy for PMS2 mutation carriers needs further discussion.
No Difference between Spray Dried Milk and Native Whey Supplementation with Strength Training
Authors: HAMARSLAND HåVARD , HANDEGARD VILDE , KÅSHAGEN MAURITZ , BENESTAD HAAKON B. , RAASTAD TRULS 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACT

Background
A rapid digestibility and high leucine content are considered important for maximal stimulation of muscle protein synthesis. Consequently, with these properties, native whey may hold greater anabolic potential than milk, when supplemented in combination with strength training. Our aim was to compare the effects of supplementation with milk or native whey, during a 12-wk strength training period, on gains in muscle mass and strength in young adults.

Methods
In this double-blinded, randomized, controlled study a total of 40 untrained young men and women received two daily servings of either milk or native whey containing 20 g of protein, during a 12-wk strength training intervention. Muscle strength, lean mass, thigh muscle cross-sectional area, m. vastus lateralis thickness and muscle fiber cross-sectional area were assessed before and after the training period. In addition, the acute phosphorylation of the anabolic kinases p70S6K, 4E-BP1 and eEF-2 in response to a standardized workout and supplementation was investigated before and after the 12-wk training period.

Results
Muscle mass and strength increased, by all measures applied (5%–16%, P < 0.001), with no differences between groups (P > 0.25). p70S6K phosphorylation increased (~1000%, P < 0.02) 2 h after exercise in the untrained and trained state, but no differences in anabolic signaling were observed between supplements (P > 0.40). No correlation between these acute measures and changes in muscle mass or strength were observed.

Conclusion
Supplementation with milk or native whey during a 12-wk strength training period did not differentially affect muscle mass and strength in young untrained individuals.
Contrast dose reduction with shortened injection durations in coronary CT angiography on 16-cm Wide-detector CT scanner
Authors: Qu Ting-ting , Li Jian-ying , Jiao Xi-jun , Zhang Xiang-li , Song Zhe-fan , Guo Yin-xia , Guo Jian-xin 
Published: August 2018

Objectives:
To investigate the use of shortened contrast injection with late triggering in coronary CT angiography (CCTA) for decreasing contrast dose and maintaining image quality.

Methods:
106 patients for CCTA on a 16-cm wide-detector CT were prospectively enrolled into groups A (n = 50) and B (n = 56) randomly. Patient weight-dependent contrast medium (Iopamiro, 370 mgI ml−1) at dose rate of 25 mgI/kg/s was used with 8 s and the standard 10 s injection time in groups A and B, respectively. CT values of the aortic sinus (AS), right coronary artery, left anterior descending and left circumflex at the proximal, middle and distal segments were measured and compared. Subjective image quality was evaluated and analyzed with Fisher exact test. Contrast dose, injection rate and enhancement duration (between the start of enhancement in AS and scan finish) were also compared.

Results:
There was no difference in the injection rate and enhancement duration between the two groups (p &gt; 0.05), while the total contrast dose in group A (36.2 ± 5.7 ml) was significantly lower than in group B (46.4 ± 6.3 ml) (p &lt; 0.001). There was no difference for CT values in all major coronary vessels between the two groups and no difference in subjective image quality scores (all p &gt; 0.05).

Conclusion:
It is feasible to shorten contrast injection to 8 s in CCTA on wide-detector CT systems to significantly reduce contrast dosage, maintain adequate enhancement and reduce contrast-related artifacts.

Advances in knowledge:
(1) Coronary CT angiography (CCTA) scans with shortened contrast medium injection duration and late triggering are feasible with a 16-cm wide-detector CT system (2) Compared with the conventional CCTA with 10 s contrast injection duration, the new contrast injection protocol of using shortened injection duration (to 8 s) and late triggering reduces contrast dose to 36.2 ml, while maintaining adequate enhancement in vessels and reducing contrast-related artifacts.
Absence of toll-like receptor 9 Pro99Leu polymorphism in cervical cancer
Authors: Chauhan Alex , Pandey Nilesh , Raithatha Nitin , Patel Purvi , Desai Ajesh , Jain Neeraj 
Published: August 2018

Background: Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) plays a key role in the elimination of viral pathogens by recognising their CpG DNA. Polymorphisms in the TLR9 gene may influence their recognition and subsequent elimination. Therefore, the present study was designed to elucidate the role of a rare unexplored TLR9 gene polymorphism C296T/ Pro99Leu (rs5743844) in cervical cancer susceptibility among Indian women. Methods: The genotyping of TLR9 Pro99Leu polymorphism in 110 cervical cancer patients and 141 healthy controls was performed by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Results: The genotype frequency detected in both cervical cancer and control populations was 1.0 (CC), 0.0 (CT) and 0.0 (TT); while the allele frequency was found to be 1.0 (C) and 0.0 (T). Conclusions: The present study demonstrates no involvement of TLR9 C296T/ Pro99Leu polymorphism in cervical cancer susceptibility and supports minor allele frequency (MAF) (0.0002) status of the same as no nucleotide variation was detected in any of the study subjects.
Revised typification of Cortusa matthioli (Primulaceae)
Authors: Sennikov Alexander N. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractCortusa matthioli was described by Linnaeus from Austria (former Duchies of Austria and Styria) and Siberia (probably vicinities of Lake Baikal). Three specimens and two illustrations are associated with the protologue of this name, referable to C. matthioli subsp. matthioli and C. matthioli subsp. altaica. The specimen Herb. Burser XIII: 155, which was collected on Traunstein Mountain in Austria, is designated as the lectotype. This action preserves the current application of the name and supersedes the previous neotypification based on Herb. Linnaeus 199.1.
Ocena gminnego programu ochrony zdrowia psychicznego
Authors: Jastrzębowska Aleksandra , Balwicki Łukasz , Balwicka-Szczyrba Małgorzata , Zarzeczna-Baran Marzena 
Published: August 2018

Cel pracyOcena struktury gminnego programu ochrony zdrowia psychicznego.MetodaPrzedmiotem analizy był Gdański Program Ochrony Zdrowia Psychicznego na lata 2016-2023. Dokonano weryfikacji zawartości oraz analizy treści dokumentu w porównaniu z dostępnym wzorem programu polityki zdrowotnej, opracowanym przez Agencję Oceny Technologii Medycznych i Taryfikacji. Wzięto pod uwagę obecność wszystkich punktów zawartych we wzorcu oraz precyzję zawartych w nich określeń, zwłaszcza sformułowanych celów, oczekiwanych rezultatów oraz mierników efektywności.WynikiOceniany program nie zawiera wzorcowych elementów właściwych dla programów polityki zdrowotnej, co pod względem merytorycznym obniża jakość. W dokumencie ujawniono brak oszacowania kosztów realizacji programu. Sformułowane cele główne oraz cele szczegółowe nie spełniają kryteriów SMART. Wśród zawartych w programie mierników efektywności, największy udział mają wskaźniki produktu o charakterze ilościowym. Brakuje natomiast informacji na temat sposobów mierzenia rezultatów jakościowych oraz określenia wskaźników wpływu. W kwestii ewaluacji nie została wzięta pod uwagę ocena jakości świadczeń, ich efektywności oraz trwałości zamierzonych efektów.WnioskiPotrzebne są rekomendacje dla kształtu programów zdrowia psychicznego, co zwiększy skuteczność planowanych w nich działań. Efekt taki zostałby osiągnięty poprzez stosowanie do takich programów kryteriów i procedur wymaganych dla programów polityki zdrowotnej określonych w ustawie z dnia 27 sierpnia 2004 roku o świadczeniach opieki zdrowotnej finansowanych ze środków publicznych. Przy tworzeniu programów warto oprzeć się na wiedzy specjalistów z zakresu zdrowia publicznego.
Pathways to policy impact: a new approach for planning and evidencing research impact
Authors: Reed Mark S. , Bryce Rosalind , Machen Ruth 
Published: August 2018

Background
The use of research in policy settings is complex, unpredictable and influenced by a range of poorly understood social factors. This makes it difficult to plan for, facilitate and evaluate policy impacts arising from research.

Aims and objectives

Propose and test tools for planning for and facilitating research impact, based on a new logic model combined with a novel approach to public/stakeholder analysis
Propose and test methods for establishing causal links between research and policy impacts.
Use case study findings to provide new empirical insights into the social processes that mediate the generation of impact from research.

Methods
Social Network Analysis, qualitative analysis of semi-structured interviews, and analysis of secondary data were used in a case study of peatland climate change research in Scottish Government policy.

Findings
Boundary organisations and centrally-positioned, well-trusted individuals, were crucial to the development of a trusted body of research in which policymakers were sufficiently confident as the basis for policy.

Discussion and conclusions
The non-linear social dynamics that characterise science-policy networks can be understood and evaluated. By using the tools described in this paper, researchers and other stakeholders can better plan, facilitate and evaluate research impact.