bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Solidaritas Sosial di Era Post-Modern: Sakralitas Komunitas Salawatan Jaljalut Indonesia
Authors: Hefni Wildani , Ahmadi Rizqa 
Published: July 2019

This study attempts to elucidate the emergence of forms of Islamic spirituality in Indonesian Islam identified as the Jaljalut community of Salawatan. This group has proliferated on Java in the last two decades both in urban and rural areas. This group also has attracted followers from a wide social base to their practices, hence contributing significantly to the improvement of religious performance and social solidarity among Indonesian Muslims. By using Durkheim’s approach of social solidarity and phenominological approach, this paper presents how religious community functions in the integration process, especially in the face of modernity. Social solidarity is the main theme discussed by Durkheim as a moral source for forming social order in society. Conclusions indicated from this study include the proposition that religious community can contribute to integration which is called by Durkheim a collective conscience and collective representations.Keywords: social solidarity, Jaljalut community, modernity. Artikel ini menjelaskan munculnya bentuk spritualitas Islam di Indonesia yang direpresentasikan oleh komunitas salawatan Jaljalut. Komunitas ini tumbuh dan berkembang di Jawa baik di daerah perkotaan maupun pedesaan. Komunitas ini diikuti oleh pelbagai kelompok kelas sosial yang kemudian berkontibusi besar dalam pembentukan karakter keberagamaan serta penguatan solidaritas sosial. Dengan menggunakan teori Durkheim tentang solidaritas sosial dan pendekatan fenomenologis, artikel ini mendedah bagaimana komunitas keagamaan salawatan Jaljalut di tengah tantangan modernitas dapat berkontribusi signifikan dalam membentuk kohesi sosial di tengah masyarakat. Solidaritas sosial menjadi tema utama yang dikaji oleh Durkheim sebagai sumber moral untuk membentuk tatanan sosial di masyarakat. Studi ini menegaskan bahwa komunitas keagamaan yang lahir dari solidaritas mekanis dapat berkontribusi pada penguatan integrasi yang disebut oleh Durkheim sebagai nurani kolektif dan representasi kolektif.Kata kunci: solidaritas sosial, komunitas Jaljalut, modernitas.
Stephen Hawking y los agujeros negros cuánticos
Authors: Pinochet J. 
Published: July 2019

Hasta el año 1974, el estudio de los agujeros negros estuvo bajo la hegemonía de la relatividad general de Einstein. Sin embargo, ese mismo año, Stephen Hawking incorporó la mecánica cuántica y descubrió que los agujeros negros tienen temperatura, entropía, y se evaporan. Estos tres grandes descubrimientos marcaron el nacimiento de lo que ahora podemos denominar agujeros negros cuánticos, en oposición a los agujeros negros clásicos, cuya descripción se basa únicamente en la relatividad general. El presente trabajo busca proporcionar una introducción a los tres grandes descubrimientos de Hawking, accesible a estudiantes no graduados de ciencias e ingeniería. Until 1974, the study of black holes was under the hegemony of Einstein’s general relativity. However, that same year, Stephen Hawking incorporated quantum theory and discovered that black holes have temperature, entropy, and evaporate. These three great discoveries marked the birth of what we can now call quantum black holes, as opposed to classic black holes, whose description is based only on general relativity. The present work seeks to provide an introduction to the three great discoveries of Hawking, accessible to undergraduate students of science and engineering.
Does pedagogy influence gains and losses of conceptual understanding?
Authors: Benegas J. , Sirur Flores And J. 
Published: July 2019

The pre-post instruction answer dynamics to the research-based, multiple-choice, single-response test DIRECT, has been used to study the effect of traditional and active learning pedagogies on gains and losses of conceptual knowledge induced by instruction. Our results suggest that, for high school students of a Latin American education system and on the subject of simple DC electric circuits, these features seem to be strongly influenced by the teaching approach. In particular our data suggest that the active learning strategy Tutorials in Introductory Physics is clearly more efficient that traditional instruction, increasing by a factor of two the gain induced by instruction and furthermore, decreasing losses by a similar factor. It is also found that, even using this successful teaching methodology, an important fraction of students need further actions to acquire sought scientific knowledge. It is suggested that reinforcing this instruction with a few, but pedagogically coherent, active-learning activities could further improve learning outcomes, improving therefore the efficiency of instruction to boost conceptual learning, a much needed challenge for science education in most Latin American countries.
Islam and Politics in Malaysia: The Realisation of Islam as a State Religion in Sabah (Islam dan Politik di Malaysia: Realisasi Islam sebagai Agama Negeri di Sabah)
Authors: Sharifah Sara Hasliza Syed Hamid  , Akhmetova Elmira 
Published: July 2019

This paper analyses the process of independence in Sabah and the consequent Islamisation of its population, which caused the amendment of the State Constitution in 1973. The first part of the paper states that the unification of Sabah with Malaya into the Federation of Malaysia guaranteed its independence from the British colonial rule as well as saved it from the communist threat. The next part of the paper suggests that the Islamisation activities were highly associated with the political needs of the government where the Muslim political leaders strived for increasing the number of their supporters in order to maintain their seats as the ruling government in Sabah. Thus, the paper finds the strong relationship between Islam and politics in modern nation-states, and concludes that the rapid growth of the number of Muslims in Sabah later created the quality problem as their religious education was not seen as the priority by the ruling government.
Keywords: Malaysia, Constitution, Islam in Sabah, Independence of Malaya, Islam and Politics, Federation of Malaysia.
Abstrak
Makalah ini menganalisis sejarah kemerdekaan di Sabah dan proses Islamisasi penduduknya yang menyebabkan pindaan Perlembagaan Negeri pada tahun 1973. Bahagian pertama makalah ini menyatakan bahawa penyatuan Sabah dengan Tanah Melayu ke Persekutuan Malaysia menjaminkan kebebasannya dari penjajahan British serta menyelamatkannya dari ancaman komunis. Bahagian seterusnya menunjukkan bahawa aktiviti pengislaman sangat dikaitkan dengan keperluan politik kerajaan di mana pemimpin politik yang Muslim berusaha meningkatkan jumlah penyokong mereka untuk mengekalkan kerusi mereka sebagai pemerintah di Sabah. Oleh itu, makalah ini mendapati hubungan kuat antara Islam dan politik di negara-negara moden, dan menyimpulkan bahawa pertumbuhan pesat bilangan umat Islam di Sabah kemudiannya menimbulkan masalah kualiti kerana pendidikan agama mereka tidak dilihat sebagai keutamaan oleh kerajaan pemerintah.
Kata Kunci: Malaysia, Perlembagaan, Islam di Sabah, Kemerdekaan Malaya, Islam dan Politik, Persekutuan Malaysia.
صناعة المجتهد بين التراث والمعاصرة (Producing Mujtahid between Tradition and Contemporary)
Authors: ميثاء سعيد عبداالله الخاطري  , سيد إسكندر شاه  , حسام الدين الصيفي  
Published: July 2019

من روائع هذا الموروث الديني عن النبي ﷺ، قدرته على مسايرة الحوادث والمستجدات، واستيعاب التنوع والاختلاف الزماني والمكاني والأحوال، بحيث لا يند عن النص أو فهمه شيء. الاجتهاد من فروض الكفاية التي لا يجوز أن يخلو منه عصر، ومن تنادى بإغلاق باب الاجتهاد فقد أخطأ، باب الاجتهاد لا يوصد لأن مسائل العصر متجددة، والنوازل كثيرة، وخاصة في هذا الزمان المتسارع، وإن قل الاجتهاد الفردي إلا أن الاجتهاد الجماعي له دور كبير في إيجاد الحلول التي تحتاجها الأمة. هذا البحث يهتم بصناعة المجتهد، والعناية بإخراج مجتهدين مؤهلين للعملية الاجتهادية، أو الفتيا، وفق شروط المجتهد التأهيلية. خلص البحث إلى النتائج الآتية: الاهتمام بالشخصية المختارة للصناعة البحثية، وإعداد الاختبارات والمقابلات المنتقاة بدقة عالية لاجتيازها، وتخطي العقبات والتحديات والعناية بالمنظومة التعلمية المهمة في صناعة المجتهد، والاهتمام بالتراث الإسلامي في الاستفادة منه والبناء عليه، واستصحابه بالقدر الذي يكون معينا للوصول للمطلوب.
الكلمات المفتاحيّة: الاجتهاد، المجتهد، التراث، الموروث الإسلامي.
Abstract
Among the masterpieces of religious tradition of Prophet S.A.W. is the ability to cope with the events and developments and to absorb the diversity of temporal and spatial conditions, in line with the Islamic verses. Ijtihad is the duties of sufficiency that ones have to bear them. Therefore, whoever intends to close the door of Ijtihad has erred, since the issues of mankind changeable from day to day. Although there are small number of Ijtihad individually but there are Ijtihad collectively that played big role in finding solutions which arise among people. This study discussed the issues of producing Mujtahid, in terms of qualification and youthness, according to the stipulated conditions. The study found that it is important to have selection of qualified person to become mujtahid as well as the selected tests and interviews with high accuracy, so that they could overcome the obstacles and challenges later. The study also found that there should have a concern on the important learning system in producing mujtahid and the Islamic heritage as well.
Keywords: Ijtihad, Mujtahid, Tradition, Islamic Tradition.
POLA PENGOBATAN HIPERTENSI PADA PASIEN LANSIA DI PUSKESMAS WINDUSARI KABUPATEN MAGELANG
Authors: Lutfiyati Heni , Yuliastuti Fitriana , Khotimah Arrum 
Published: July 2019

Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui pola peresepan pasien hipertensi pada pasien lanjut usia. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian non eksperimental dengan metode deskriptif dan pengambilan data secara retrospektif .Subyek penelitian adalah resep pasien hipertensi lanjut usia di Puskesmas Sawangan kabupaten Magelang periode desember 2015 sampai maret 2016.. Pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode simple random sampling. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah resep dan rekam medis pasien hipertensi lansia di Puskesmas Sawangan. Hasil penelitian dengan menggunakan sampel sebanyak 189 sampel, berdasarkan jenis kelamin, perempuan 59.79% dan laki-laki 40.21%. Berdasarkan umur 72.49% usia 60-74 tahun, 23.28% usia 75 -84 tahun dan 4.23% usia > 85 tahun. Total resep pasien hipertensi lansia adalah 189 resep dengan jumlah item obat hipertensi 255 obat dan obat non hipertensi 353 obat. Rata – rata item per lembar resep pada pasien hipertensi lansia 3.22 item per lembar resep. Peresepan tunggal lebih banyak dari pada kombinasi yaitu sebesar 76.72%. Obat anti hipertensi paling banyak diresepkan adalah golongan ACEI 61.81%,. Golongan ACEI diresepkan paling banyak adalah captopril sebanyak 79.31%. Kombinasi obat antihipertensi yang paling banyak diresepkan adalah kombinasi ACEI dan diuretik sebanyak 84.10%.
ANALISIS EFEKTIVITAS BIAYA PENGOBATAN DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE MENGGUNAKAN TERAPI SUPORTIF IMUNOMODULATOR DAN SEDIAAN YANG MENGANDUNG EKSTRAK DAUN JAMBU BIJI
Authors: Rosyid Abdur 
Published: July 2019

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a serious disease caused by the dengue virus infections. immunomodulators is widely used as a supportive treatment for dengue fever patients. But along with the progress of herbal medicine, developed other drugs containing guava leaves extract can stimulate the formation of platelets in patients with dengue hemorrhagic fever but drug prices are still quite expensive.This study aimed to determine the cost effectiveness of immunomodulator and herbal medicine containing guava leaves extract in patients with dengue hemorrhagic fever. observasional analitical study with retrospective approach. the medical records of patients treated in Baitul Nisa and Baitul Athfal grade 3 Sultan Agung Islamic Hospital between August 2014 and August 2016 that meeting the inclusion criteria. ACER (Average Cost Effectiveness Ratio) was used to evaluate the daily cost for treatment. the value ACER for patients treated with immunomodulator was Rp 334.073, - / day with 4.78 day duration of hospitalization. while the value of the ACER for patients taking herbal medicine containing guava leaves extract was of Rp 343.894, - / day with 5 days duration of hospitalisation. There was no significant difference in cost effectiveness between patients treated with immunomodulator and herbal medicine containing extract of guava leaves (p> 0.05). There was a difference in cost effectiveness between immunomodulator and herbal medicine containing guava leaves extract.
Bioactives from Culinary Spices and Herbs: A Review
Authors: Embuscado Milda E. 
Published: July 2019

Culinary spices and herbs have been used in food and beverages to enhance aroma, flavor, and color. They are rich in phytochemicals that provide significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. There is growing interest in identifying compounds from spices and herbs responsible for modulating oxidative and inflammatory stress to prevent diet-related diseases. This contribution will provide an overview of culinary spices and herbs, their classification, their sources or origins and more importantly, their chemical composition, antioxidant activity and their impacts on human health based on important and recent studies.
Formulation of gluten-free cupcake with hydrocolloids for people with Celiac disease
Authors: Gómez Carolina , Colina Jhoana 
Published: July 2019

Background: The development of gluten-free products is a great challenge for manufactures aiming to make baked products have a similar composition to their gluten-containing counterparts. They routinely use commercial and vegetable additives (rice flour and cassava starch), which are gluten free. Due to the fact that most of these products in Venezuela are imported and thus expensive, the prominence of celiac disease increases by 4% every year. This work aimed to develop a filled cupcake formulation with the use of natural and synthetic gluten-free hydrocolloids for those with celiac disease.Methods: Two mixture designs, one with rice flour and one with cassava flour, were examined to identify which flour would give the cupcake the best consistency. The flours were mixed with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and vegetable fat (emulsifier) to see which proportion of ingredients was best-suited for the final product. The response variables of adhesiveness, cohesiveness, hardness, and gumminess were used to develop a texture profile. Two formulations were then obtained based on desirability ratings, and then evaluated based on the acceptability of 50 celiac patients. The physical, chemical and microbiological characterization, along with the storage stability of the selected formulation, was evaluated. The shelf life of the cupcake was determined by evaluating the texture profile, acceptability and microbiological parameters during 21 days at three temperatures (25 °C, 35 °C and 45 °C).Results: The formulation with the greatest desirability in our population had the lowest gliadin content (0.231ppm), the lowest production cost, and showed a decrease in acceptability as time and temperature increased. The shelf life of the cupcakes was estimated to be 14 days when stored at at an average temperature of 28 °C.Conclusion: Our study demonstrates that it possible to produce a low-cost, high-calorie filled cupcake for people with celiac disease to consume. Keywords: Hydrocolloids, gluten-free filled cup cake, gluten, compound flours, celiac disease
Relevansi Ijma’ Dan Qiyas Dalam Struktur Hukum Islam Dan Struktur Hukum Positif Di Indonesia
Authors: Balya Deden Ibnu 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The concept of ijma ', and its relevance in construction and improvisation of Islamic law is part of the Islamic law studies, which can always develop according to place and time, time in terms of times and regions in the sense of the state. Ijma', of course functions as a tool for taking legal conclusions, both those whose sources are divine and the sunnah of the Prophet Muhammad PBUH. This paper is qualitative writing, with library research methods, with primery data is sources of books and legal nomenclature, and using the descriptive analysis. Based on the analysis, it is known that the level of relevance of ijma as a method, till nowaday, its relevance is still very high, especially with the region and the spread of Islam that is indeed cross-country, cross-nation, and across cultures. Ijma 'of the ulama becomes very important, because in addition to being a response to the development of the times, ijma' also remains a necessity for Muslims, considering that not everyone is able to do istinbaht / legal conclusions in Islam.
Keywords : Ijma’ and Qiyas, Source of Islamic Law, Legal Development.
ACCIDENT INSURANCE FOR INFORMAL SECTOR WORKERS IN INDONESIA
Authors: On Madya Sri Denti , Nurwahyuni Atik 
Published: July 2019

Workplace accidents are unwanted and unexpected events that can cause loss of life and property. The Social Security Law in Indonesia mandates that Work Accident Guarantees be mandatory for every workforce in Indonesia. To see how work accident insurance for informal sector workers in Indonesia. This research was carried out by library study method. The subjects of this study are data in the form of articles and several source books related to the theme of the research, namely concerning workplace accidents and social security of informal sector workers in Indonesia. The number of work accidents, especially in the informal sector in Indonesia, still tends to be high, especially in construction work. Policies in the field of occupational health and safety (K3) still focus on formal sector workers rather than informal worker. Keyword: work accident, social security, informal sector
PANCs - PLANTAS ALIMENTÍCIAS NÃO CONVENCIONAIS E SEUS BENEFÍCIOS NUTRICIONAIS
Authors: Liberato Pricila da Silva , Lima Danielly Vasconcelos Travassos de , Silva Geuba Maria Bernardo da 
Published: July 2019

O conceito de alimentação muda conforme o conhecimento da população sobre alimentos saudáveis e seus benefícios. A busca por uma vida saudável leva as pessoas a buscarem novas formas de alimentação tendo em vista sua funcionalidade e sustentabilidade. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo fazer uma revisão bibliográfica acerca do tema PANC, identificar as propriedades funcionais, nutrientes, valor nutricional, formas de consumo e inserção na alimentação humana. Realizou-se uma busca sistemática da bibliografia publicada nas bases de dados na “Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde” (LILACS), “Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System On-line” (MEDLINE) e “Google Acadêmico”. Os descritores utilizados para a busca foram: Plantas; Nutricional; Funcional; Antioxidantes; Anti-inflamatório; Consumo; Benefícios. Foram selecionados um total de 20 artigos publicados entre os anos de 2009 a 2019, nos idiomas português, inglês e espanhol. Nesse trabalho identificou-se que de um modo geral as PANCs em sua maioria apresentam fator nutricional elevado, aumentando para o indivíduo que as consomem a ingestão diária vitaminas e minerais essenciais ao desenvolvimento humano, como visto em alguns casos são capazes de substituir as hortaliças convencionais, podendo ser inserida na alimentação diária, cultivadas em pequenos espaços e jardins, podendo também ser comercializada gerando uma fonte de renda. Conclui-se que se faz necessário que os pesquisadores aprofundem seus estudos em relação ao tema, pois existe uma grande diversidade a ser explorado. Por fim, verificou-se a necessidade da população adquiri mais conhecimento para que essas PANCs sejam inseridas na sua alimentação diária.
Evaluating the role of dithiolane rich fraction of Ferula asafoetida (apiaceae) for its antiproliferative and apoptotic properties: in vitro studies
Authors: Verma S. , Khambhala P. , Joshi S. , Kothari V. , Patel T. , Seshadri S. 
Published: July 2019

Summary. Asafoetida resin has been reported for various biological activities but its use has been widely restricted owing to its pungent smell and pool water solubility. Aim: In vitro study of the anticancer potential of microwave-extracted essential oil (EO) of Ferula asafoetida. Materials and Methods: The phytochemical investigation and in vitro cytotoxicity assessment was carried out in two human liver cancer cell lines. The expression of NFKB1, TGFB1, TNF, CASP3 was analyzed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Results: Ferula asafoetida EO contains high concentrations of dithiolane, which possess antiproliferative activity in human liver carcinoma cell lines (HepG2 and SK-Hep1) in a dose-dependent manner. The bioactive compounds in F. asafoetida are capable of induction of apoptosis and altered NF-kB and TGF-β signalling with increase in caspase-3 and TNF-α expression. Conclusion: Further elucidation of bioactive molecules and underlying mechanisms could lead to potential intervention in liver cancer in animal models. The safety and efficacy as well as the mode of EO action in animal models would be highly crucial.
Antitumor effects and hematotoxicity of C60-Cis-Pt nanocomplex in mice with Lewis lung carcinoma
Authors: Prylutska S.V. , Lynchak O.V. , Kostjukov V.V. , Evstigneev M.P. , Remeniak O.V. , Rybalchenko V.K. , Prylutskyy Yu.I. , Ritter U. , Scharff P. 
Published: July 2019

Summary. Background: Cisplatin (Cis-Pt) is a widely used anticancer drug but its therapeutic efficiency is limited by hemato-, cardio-, hepato-, nephro- and neurotoxicity. Complexation of Cis-Pt with C60 fullerene nanoparticle will allow to enhance the antitumor activity of the drug and to reduce its side toxic effects. Aim: To estimate the antitumor effects of С60-Cis-Pt nanocomplex in Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) and analyze hematological toxicity in tumor-bearing mice. Materials and Methods: Complexation of C60 fullerene and Cis-Pt molecule was studied by computer simulation. С60-Cis-Pt nanocomplex was i.p. injected to LLC-bearing mice in a total dose of 7.5 mg/kg (C60:Cis-Pt as 3.75:3.75 mg/kg). The survival of tumor-bearing mice and the relative reduction of tumor weight was recorded. Blood indices were determined using the Particle Counter PCE­210 automatic hematology analyzer. Results: Computer simulation demonstrated the formation of С60-Cis-Pt nanocomplex in physiological medium and its stability due to the hydrophobic interactions. Treatment with C60-Cis-Pt nanocomplex increased survival time of LLC-bearing mice by 32%, normalized hemoglobin content (up to 100 g/l), erythrocyte and platelet count as compared to the untreated LLC-bearing mice. Tumor weight decreased by 35.5%; the mitotic index of tumor cells decreased by 78%, and apoptotic index increased by 75%. The revealed effects of the C60-Cis-Pt nanocomplex were more pronounced than the effects of Cis-Pt or C60 fullerene alone in equivalent dose. Conclusion: Treatment with C60-Cis-Pt nanocomplex prolonged the survival of LLC-bearing mice and reduced anemia in LLC-bearing mice.