bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
OMBUDSMANLIĞIN KÖKENİ MESELESİ BAĞLAMINDA TÜRK-İSLÂM DEVLET GELENEĞİNDE ŞİKÂYET HAKKININ KURUMSAL TEKÂMÜLÜ
Authors: COŞKUN Burak , GÜNAYDIN Hamza 
Published: August 2018

Ombudsmanlığın kuruluşuna Osmanlı Devleti adalet
sistemindeki uygulamaların kaynaklık ettiği düşüncesi, gerek uygulayıcıların
çalışma ve söylemlerinde gerekse de akademik çalışmalarda kabul görmektedir.
Ancak hangi kurum veya makamın bu uygulamaya karşılık geldiği noktasında,
özellikle ülkemizdeki kaynaklarda bir fikir birliğinden söz etmek mümkün
değildir. Bu çalışmada, kaynaklarda yer alan ve ayrıca araştırmamız neticesinde
tespit ettiğimiz kurumlar, şikâyet hakkı kapsamında ve tarihi gelişim seyri
içerisinde, yayınlanmış arşiv
vesikalarından ve tarih kaynaklarından yararlanmak suretiyle incelenmiş ve
kökene ilişkin bir kanaate ulaşılmaya çalışılmıştır. Bu çabada, Kral 12.
Charles’ın ombudsmanlık mekanizmasını kuran talimatı ile Osmanlı Devleti adâlet
sistemini karşılaştırmamız bize oldukça yardımcı olmuştur. Nihayetinde
talimatta düzenlenen “Yüksek Ombudsmanlık” makamının Osmanlı Devleti’ndeki
“Sadrazamlık” makamından uyarlandığı sonucuna ulaşılmış, kurumsal kökenin ise
Divan-ı Hümayun’un denetim ve yargılama fonksiyonu içerisinde aranması
gerektiği tezi savunulmuştur.
6831 SAYILI ORMAN KANUNUN 2’NCİ MADDESİNİN (B) BENDİ GEREĞİ ORMAN SINIRLARI DIŞINA ÇIKARILAN TAŞINMAZLARIN DURUMU
Authors: ASLAN S. Bahadır 
Published: August 2018

Mülga 3116 Sayılı Orman
Kanunun da belirtilen orman sınırlarının tespitinin istenilen sürede bitirilememesi
sonucunda, orman alanlarının tarım, hayvancılık ve yerleşim alanı olarak
kullanımına yol açarak işgaller meydana getirmiştir. Bunun üzerine 1956 tarihli
ve 6831 Sayılı Orman Kanunun 2’nci maddesinin (b) bendiyle orman sınırları
dışına çıkarma kavramı ortaya çıkmıştır. Yalnız bu kavram, 6831 Sayılı Kanunda
yapılan değişikliklerle farklı içerikler kazanmıştır. Orman sınırları dışına
çıkartılan bu yerler Devlete ait ise Hazine adına, hükmi şahsiyeti haiz amme
müesseselerine ait ise bu müesseseler adına, hususi orman ise sahipleri adına
orman sınırları dışına çıkartılır. Uygulama kesinleştikten sonra tapuda kesin
tashih ve tescil işlemi yapılmaktadır. Çalışmada bu ortaya çıkan farklı
içerikler, bilim ve fen bakımından orman niteliğini kaybetme, orman niteliğinin
kaybolduğu tarihinin belirlenmesi ve orman sınırları dışına çıkarmanın
sonuçları işlenecektir.
İNGİLTERE YEREL YÖNETİMLERİNDE SOSYAL HİZMET VE SOSYAL YARDIM
Authors: Seçkiner Bingöl Ezgi 
Published: August 2018

Bu çalışmada,
İngiltere’de yerel konseyler tarafından sunulan sosyal hizmetler ve sosyal
yardımlar incelenmiş ve bu hizmetlerin yerel düzeyde sunumu ile ilgili Türkiye için
ne gibi dersler çıkarılabilir sorusu üzerinde durulmuştur. İngiltere’de yerel konseyler, yasal
konumları, yapıları ve görevleri itibariyle Türkiye’deki belediyelere
benzemektedir. Orta İngiltere’de Nüfusu 300.000 ile 500.000 arasında değişen
beş şehirde bir araştırma gerçekleştirilmiştir. Konsey üyeleri ve ilgili birim
personeline yapılandırılmış anketler gönderilmiş, ilgili birim yöneticileri ile
mülakatlar yapılmıştır. &nbsp;Çalışma
sonucunda: İngiltere’de yerel düzeyde sunulan sosyal hizmetlerin ve sosyal
yardımların türleri, bu hizmetlerin örgütlenmesi, geliştirilen muhtaçlık
kriterleri ve Türkiye için çıkarılabilecek dersler üzerine sonuçlar
sunulmuştur.
Nebular Spectroscopy of the “Blue Bump” Type Ia Supernova 2017cbv
Authors: Sand D. J. , Graham M. L. , Botyánszki J. , Hiramatsu D. , McCully C. , Valenti S. , Hosseinzadeh G. , Howell D. A. , Burke J. , Cartier R. , Diamond T. , Hsiao E. Y. , Jha S. W. , Kasen D. , Kumar S. , Marion G. H. , Suntzeff N. , Tartaglia L. , Wheeler J. C. , Wyatt S. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
We present nebular phase optical and near-infrared spectroscopy of the Type Ia supernova (SN) 2017cbv. The early light curves of SN 2017cbv showed a prominent blue bump in the U, B, and g bands lasting for ∼5 days. One interpretation of the early light curve is that the excess blue light is due to shocking of the SN ejecta against a nondegenerate companion star—a signature of the single degenerate scenario. If this is the correct interpretation, the interaction between the SN ejecta and the companion star could result in significant Hα (or helium) emission at late times, possibly along with other species, depending on the companion star and its orbital separation. A search for Hα emission in our +302 d spectrum yields a nondetection, with a L
Hα
< 8.0 × 1035 erg s−1 (given an assumed distance of D = 12.3 Mpc), which we verified by implanting simulated Hα emission into our data. We make a quantitative comparison to models of swept-up material stripped from a nondegenerate companion star and limit the mass of hydrogen that might remain undetected to M
H < 1 × 10−4
M
⊙. A similar analysis of helium star related lines yields a M
He < 5 × 10−4
M
⊙. Taken at face value, these results argue against a nondegenerate H- or He-rich companion in Roche lobe overflow as the progenitor of SN 2017cbv. Alternatively, there could be weaknesses in the envelope-stripping and radiative transfer models necessary to interpret the strong H and He flux limits.
OGLE-2016-BLG-1045: A Test of Cheap Space-based Microlens Parallaxes
Authors: Shin I.-G. , Udalski A. , Yee J. C. , Novati S. Calchi , Christie G. , Poleski R. , Mróz P. , Skowron J. , Szymański M. K. , Soszyński I. , Pietrukowicz P. , Kozłowski S. , Ulaczyk K. , Pawlak M. ,   (OGLE Collaboration), Natusch T. , Pogge R. W. ,   (μFUN Collaboration), Gould A. , Han C. , Albrow M. D. , Chung S.-J. , Hwang K.-H. , Ryu Y.-H. , Jung Y. K. , Zhu W. , Lee C.-U. , Cha S.-M. , Kim D.-J. , Kim H.-W. , Kim S.-L. , Lee Y. , Lee D.-J. , Park B.-G. ,   (KMTNet Group), Beichman C. , Bryden G. , Carey S. , Gaudi B. S. , Henderson C. B. , Shvartzvald Y. ,   (Spitzer Team)
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Microlensing is a powerful and unique technique to probe isolated objects in the Galaxy. To study the characteristics of these interesting objects based on the microlensing method, measurement of the microlens parallax is required to determine the properties of the lens. Of the various methods to measure microlens parallax, the most routine way is to make simultaneous ground- and space-based observations, i.e., by measuring the space-based microlens parallax. However, space-based campaigns usually require “expensive” resources. Gould & Yee (2012) proposed an idea called the “cheap space-based microlens parallax” that can measure the lens-parallax using only two or three space-based observations of high-magnification events (as seen from Earth). This cost-effective observation strategy to measure microlens parallaxes could be used by space-borne telescopes to build a complete sample for studying isolated objects. This would enable a direct measurement of the mass function including both extremely low-mass objects and high-mass stellar remnants. However, to adopt this idea requires a test to check how it would work in actual situations. Thus, we present the first practical test of this idea using the high-magnification microlensing event OGLE-2016-BLG-1045, for which a subset of Spitzer observations fortuitously duplicates the prescription of Gould & Yee (2012). From the test, we confirm that the measurement of the lens-parallax adopting this idea has sufficient accuracy to determine the physical properties of the isolated lens.
Variability Timescale and Spectral Index of Sgr A* in the Near Infrared: Approximate Bayesian Computation Analysis of the Variability of the Closest Supermassive Black Hole
Authors: Witzel G. , Martinez G. , Hora J. , Willner S. P. , Morris M. R. , Gammie C. , Becklin E. E. , Ashby M. L. N. , Baganoff F. , Carey S. , Do T. , Fazio G. G. , Ghez A. , Glaccum W. J. , Haggard D. , Herrero-Illana R. , Ingalls J. , Narayan R. , Smith H. A. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*) is the variable radio, near-infrared (NIR), and X-ray source associated with accretion onto the Galactic center black hole. We present an analysis of the most comprehensive NIR variability data set of Sgr A* to date: eight 24 hr epochs of continuous monitoring of Sgr A* at 4.5 μm with the IRAC instrument on the Spitzer Space Telescope, 93 epochs of 2.18 μm data from Naos Conica at the Very Large Telescope, and 30 epochs of 2.12 μm data from the NIRC2 camera at the Keck Observatory, in total 94,929 measurements. A new approximate Bayesian computation method for fitting the first-order structure function extracts information beyond current fast Fourier transformation (FFT) methods of power spectral density (PSD) estimation. With a combined fit of the data of all three observatories, the characteristic coherence timescale of Sgr A* is

minutes (90% credible interval). The PSD has no detectable features on timescales down to 8.5 minutes (95% credible level), which is the ISCO orbital frequency for a dimensionless spin parameter a = 0.92. One light curve measured simultaneously at 2.12 and 4.5 μm during a low flux-density phase gave a spectral index α

s
= 1.6 ± 0.1 (

). This value implies that the Sgr A* NIR color becomes bluer during higher flux-density phases. The probability densities of flux densities of the combined data sets are best fit by log-normal distributions. Based on these distributions, the Sgr A* spectral energy distribution is consistent with synchrotron radiation from a non-thermal electron population from below 20 GHz through the NIR.
The Sloan Digital Sky Survey Reverberation Mapping Project: Quasar Host Galaxies at z < 0.8 from Image Decomposition
Authors: Yue Minghao , Jiang Linhua , Shen Yue , Hall Patrick B. , Yu Zhefu , Schneider Donald P. , Ho Luis C. , Horne Keith , Petitjean Patrick , Trump Jonathan R. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
We present the rest-frame UV and optical photometry and morphology of low-redshift broad-line quasar host galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Reverberation Mapping project. Our sample consists of 103 quasars at z < 0.8, spanning a luminosity range of −25 ≤ M

g
≤ −17 mag. We stack the multi-epoch images in the g and i bands taken by the Canada–France–Hawaii Telescope. The combined g-band (i-band) images reach a 5σ depth of 26.2 (25.2) mag, with a typical point-spread function (PSF) size of 0.″7 (0.″6). Each quasar is decomposed into a PSF and a Sérsic profile, representing the components of the central active galactic nucleus (AGN) and the host galaxy, respectively. The systematic errors of the measured host galaxy flux in the two bands are 0.23 and 0.18 mag. The relative errors of the measured galaxy half-light radii (R

e
) are about 13%. We estimate the rest-frame u- and g-band flux of the host galaxies, and find that the AGN-to-galaxy flux ratios in the g band are between 0.9 and 4.4 (68.3% confidence). These galaxies have high stellar masses

. They have similar colors to star-forming galaxies at similar redshifts, which is consistent with AGN positive feedback in these quasars. We find that the

relation in our sample is shallower than the local M
Bulge–M
BH relation. The Sérsic indices and the M
*–R

e
relation indicate that the majority of the host galaxies are disk-like.
SPIRITS 16tn in NGC 3556: A Heavily Obscured and Low-luminosity Supernova at 8.8 Mpc
Authors: Jencson Jacob E. , Kasliwal Mansi M. , Adams Scott M. , Bond Howard E. , Lau Ryan M. , Johansson Joel , Horesh Assaf , Mooley Kunal P. , Fender Robert , De Kishalay , O’Sullivan Dónal , Masci Frank J. , Cody Ann Marie , Blagorodnova Nadia , Fox Ori D. , Gehrz Robert D. , Milne Peter A. , Perley Daniel A. , Smith Nathan , Van Dyk Schuyler D. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
We present the discovery by the SPitzer InfraRed Intensive Transients Survey (SPIRITS) of a likely supernova (SN) in NGC 3556 (M108) at only 8.8 Mpc that was not detected by optical searches. A luminous infrared (IR) transient at M
[4.5] = −16.7 mag (Vega), SPIRITS 16tn is coincident with a dust lane in the inclined, star-forming disk of the host. Using observations in the IR, optical, and radio, we attempt to determine the nature of this event. We estimate A

V
≈ 8–9 mag of extinction, placing it among the three most highly obscured IR-discovered SNe. The [4.5] light curve declined at a rate of 0.013 mag day−1, and the [3.6]–[4.5] color increased from 0.7 to ≳1.0 mag by 184.7 days post discovery. Optical/IR spectroscopy shows a red continuum but no clearly discernible features, preventing a definitive spectroscopic classification. Radio observations constrain the radio luminosity of SPIRITS 16tn to L

ν
≲ 1024 erg s−1 Hz−1 between 3 and 15 GHz, excluding many varieties of core-collapse SNe. An SN Ia is ruled out by the observed IR color and lack of spectroscopic features from Fe-peak elements. SPIRITS 16tn was fainter at [4.5] than typical stripped-envelope SNe by ≈1 mag. Comparison of the spectral energy distribution to SNe II suggests that SPIRITS 16tn was both highly obscured and intrinsically dim, possibly akin to the low-luminosity SN 2005cs. We infer the presence of an IR dust echo powered by an initial peak luminosity of the transient of 5 × 1040 erg s−1 ≲ L
peak ≲ 4 × 1043 erg s−1, consistent with the observed range for SNe II. This discovery illustrates the power of IR surveys to overcome the compounding effects of visible extinction and optically subluminous events in completing the inventory of nearby SNe.
The Search for Spatial Extension in High-latitude Sources Detected by the Fermi Large Area Telescope
Authors: Ackermann M. , Ajello M. , Baldini L. , Ballet J. , Barbiellini G. , Bastieri D. , Bellazzini R. , Bissaldi E. , Blandford R. D. , Bloom E. D. , Bonino R. , Bottacini E. , Brandt T. J. , Bregeon J. , Bruel P. , Buehler R. , Cameron R. A. , Caputo R. , Caraveo P. A. , Castro D. , Cavazzuti E. , Charles E. , Cheung C. C. , Chiaro G. , Ciprini S. , Cohen-Tanugi J. , Costantin D. , Cutini S. , D’Ammando F. , de Palma F. , Desai A. , Di Lalla N. , Di Mauro M. , Di Venere L. , Favuzzi C. , Finke J. , Franckowiak A. , Fukazawa Y. , Funk S. , Fusco P. , Gargano F. , Gasparrini D. , Giglietto N. , Giordano F. , Giroletti M. , Green D. , Grenier I. A. , Guillemot L. , Guiriec S. , Hays E. , Hewitt J. W. , Horan D. , Jóhannesson G. , Kensei S. , Kuss M. , Larsson S. , Latronico L. , Lemoine-Goumard M. , Li J. , Longo F. , Loparco F. , Lovellette M. N. , Lubrano P. , Magill J. D. , Maldera S. , Manfreda A. , Mazziotta M. N. , McEnery J. E. , Meyer M. , Mizuno T. , Monzani M. E. , Morselli A. , Moskalenko I. V. , Negro M. , Nuss E. , Omodei N. , Orienti M. , Orlando E. , Ormes J. F. , Palatiello M. , Paliya V. S. , Paneque D. , Perkins J. S. , Persic M. , Pesce-Rollins M. , Piron F. , Porter T. A. , Principe G. , Rainò S. , Rando R. , Rani B. , Razzaque S. , Reimer A. , Reimer O. , Reposeur T. , Sgrò C. , Siskind E. J. , Spandre G. , Spinelli P. , Suson D. J. , Tajima H. , Thayer J. B. , Tibaldo L. , Torres D. F. , Tosti G. , Valverde J. , Venters T. M. , Vogel M. , Wood K. , Wood M. , Zaharijas G. ,   The Fermi-LAT Collaboration, Biteau J. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
We present a search for spatial extension in high-latitude (

) sources in recent Fermi point source catalogs. The result is the Fermi High-Latitude Extended Sources Catalog, which provides source extensions (or upper limits thereof) and likelihood profiles for a suite of tested source morphologies. We find 24 extended sources, 19 of which were not previously characterized as extended. These include sources that are potentially associated with supernova remnants and star-forming regions. We also found extended γ-ray emission in the vicinity of the Cen A radio lobes and—at GeV energies for the first time—spatially coincident with the radio emission of the SNR CTA 1, as well as from the Crab Nebula. We also searched for halos around active galactic nuclei, which are predicted from electromagnetic cascades induced by the e
+
e
− pairs that are deflected in intergalactic magnetic fields. These pairs are produced when γ-rays interact with background radiation fields. We do not find evidence for extension in individual sources or in stacked source samples. This enables us to place limits on the flux of the extended source components, which are then used to constrain the intergalactic magnetic field to be stronger than 3 × 10−16 G for a coherence length λ ≳ 10 kpc, even when conservative assumptions on the source duty cycle are made. This improves previous limits by several orders of magnitude.
La « fin » de la construction européenne
Authors: Baechler Jean 
Published: August 2018

La « fin » de la construction européenne peut se comprendre comme un achèvement abouti, une interruption définitive ou ce qui donne sens au projet européen. L’article propose d’explorer le troisième sens, autrement dit de cerner les objectifs du projet de construction européenne, ainsi que ce à quoi pourrait correspondre son achèvement. La fin dernière de ce projet doit logiquement être la constitution d’une politie européenne pacifiée intérieurement et en capacité de gérer les conflits potentiels avec l’extérieur. L’Union européenne étant encore à l’état de quasi-politie, il est permis de mesurer les conséquences de l’inachèvement du projet en termes de capacités à assurer la paix en Europe et de contributions de l’Europe à la paix dans le monde.
Améliorer les politiques nationales de promotion de l’activité physique favorable à la santé
Authors: Ungureanu Joana , Toussaint Jean-François , Breton Éric 
Published: August 2018

Contexte : Afin d’appuyer les États dans l’élaboration de stratégies et politiques agissant sur l’ensemble des déterminants de la sédentarité et de la pratique de l’activité physique, l’OMS a mis en place un outil d’analyse des politiques, le Health Enhancing Physical Activity Policy Analysis Tool (HEPA PAT) qui permet d’évaluer la qualité des politiques nationales et de prendre en compte le maillage complexe de ces déterminants. Cet article vise un double objectif : d’une part présenter cet outil pour préciser sa nature et son utilité pour la définition des politiques nationales de promotion de l’activité physique et d’autre part offrir une illustration de son application aux politiques françaises. Méthodes : Ayant d’abord identifié les politiques et les projets HEPA au niveau national, nous les avons ensuite analysés sur la base de l’HEPA PAT et de ses 17 critères de qualité, afin d’identifier des opportunités et de proposer des recommandations. Résultats : La promotion de l’activité physique en France est encore un domaine récent et fragmenté. Son développement est plus visible au niveau local mais requiert une coordination nationale. Le problème fondamental semble être le manque d’une vision à long terme et d’une stratégie unifiée l’accompagnant. La mise en œuvre se trouve limitée aussi par des plans d’action insuffisamment définis ou privés de critères d’évaluation et de financements durables. Conclusion : HEPA PAT offre un portrait clair et complet des efforts des États de promotion de l’activité physique. Cependant, seul un travail supplémentaire d’analyse des niveaux régional et local permettra de générer une vision globale des stratégies de promotion de l’activité physique au sein de la population.
Évaluation d’un nouvel outil en pharmacovigilance : la déclaration simplifiée en ligne pour les médecins généralistes
Authors: Humbert Xavier , Chrétien Basile , Sassier Marion , Coquerel Antoine , Alexandre Joachim , Fedrizzi Sophie 
Published: August 2018

Introduction : La déclaration spontanée de pharmacovigilance est fondamentale dans la surveillance après l’autorisation de mise sur le marché d’un médicament (pharmacovigilance). Cependant, une sous-déclaration majeure existe et constitue la limitation de ce système. Ainsi, l’objectif principal de cette étude était de réaliser un premier bilan à un an de l’utilisation d’une déclaration simplifiée par les médecins généralistes (MG) en Normandie occidentale sur le nombre de cas d’effets indésirables et secondairement de voir son impact sur la qualité de ces déclarations. Méthodes : Une déclaration simplifiée de pharmacovigilance en ligne a été proposée en juin 2015 par le centre régional de pharmacovigilance de Caen Normandie, en lien avec l’Union régionale des médecins libéraux Normandie pour les MGs. Cette nouvelle déclaration a été évaluée sur le nombre mensuel de déclaration et le nombre de MG déclarants avant et après introduction de ce nouvel outil. De plus, la qualité des déclarations issues du nouvel outil a été comparée à celles issues des autres modes de déclarations. Résultats : Entre juin 2014 et juin 2016, 220 déclarations ont été réalisées par 67 MGs. Après l’introduction de ce nouvel outil, à un an, le nombre mensuel de déclarations a été multiplié par 4,8 et le nombre mensuel de médecins déclarants par deux. La qualité des déclarations est restée inchangée sur la même période de suivi (35 % versus 32 %, p = 0,1). La déclaration simplifiée a permis la diminution des déclarations mal renseignées (33 % versus 36 %, p = 0,04). Conclusion : La déclaration simplifiée en ligne a montré son efficacité en termes quantitatif (augmentation du nombre de déclaration et de déclarants) mais aussi qualitatif (qualité inchangée). Il faut désormais tenter de développer dans d’autres régions françaises cet outil et le réévaluer dans le temps.
Examining factors that shape Technical Vocational Education and Training engineering students’ understanding of their career choices
Authors: Sibiya Anthony T. , Nyembezi Nceba 
Published: August 2018

Background: This article seeks to examine factors that shape Technical Vocational Education and Training (TVET) engineering students’ understanding of their future career choices. Moreover, given the promising and ambitious vision for growth in both TVET and Higher Education Institutions (HEIs), as envisaged by the policy framework, White Paper on Post School Education and Training (PSET) aimed at addressing the challenges, amongst others, of youth unemployment. Objectives: The objective of this article is to ascertain factors that inform students’ understanding of their future career prospects. Methods: In this research, qualitative self-administered, open-ended questionnaires were employed as a data collection tool to gather facts about students’ beliefs, feelings and experiences regarding certain engineering programmes and services offered at TVET colleges. Consequently, purposive sampling was utilised to sample 113 engineering participants who voluntarily completed the questionnaires, which were organised to gather the required data. Results: The findings of the study point to divergent views, where some students felt very strongly that TVET engineering qualification leads to full employment because of the demand for this skill, while other students argued that the high rate of unemployment in South Africa is so deep such that even graduates irrespective of qualification are not guaranteed employment in South Africa. Conclusion: Consequently, the researchers believe that the TVET’s learning programmes should be repositioned to articulate as a poor response to poor schooling in relation to labour market, amongst others, to ease school leavers into jobs or self-employment under conditions of widespread youth unemployment.
Annihilators of the Ideal Class Group of a Cyclic Extension of an Imaginary Quadratic Field
Authors: Chapdelaine Hugo , Kučera Radan 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to study the group of elliptic units of a cyclic extension$L$of an imaginary quadratic field$K$such that the degree$[L:K]$is a power of an odd prime$p$. We construct an explicit root of the usual top generator of this group, and we use it to obtain an annihilation result of the$p$-Sylow subgroup of the ideal class group of$L$.