bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polyvinyl Alcohol-Based Cryogels for the Oil Industry
Authors: Kashlach E S , Altunina L K , Manzhai V N , Fufaeva M S 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The paper presents the results of studies of rheological properties of the initial viscous solutions of polyvinyl alcohol and ‘oil-in-water’ (O/W) emulsions. It is found that aqueous solutions of polymer and polymer-based colloidal systems have typical non-Newtonian properties. After the freeze-thaw cycle, the viscous liquid systems pass into a solid state of aggregation to form multicomponent cryogels with rubber-like structure. The elastic properties of two-component cryogels consisting of polyvinyl alcohol and water only, three-component compositions formed on the basis of an ‘aqueous PVA solution-mineral oil’ emulsion, and cryogels containing loose dispersed fillers are investigated. The physicochemical properties of the obtained elastic samples are studied. The prospects of application of cryogels for the oil producing well and road construction are outlined. A comparative analysis of physicomechanical properties of cryogels depending on the nature of the filler is carried out. In order to simulate the real conditions of oil field construction in the permafrost zone, samples of cryogels with solid dispersed fillers pre-wetted with oil are prepared and their mechanical and hydrophobic properties are investigated. Hydrophobic properties of cryogels make it possible to use them as waterproofing layer (membrane) in the construction of the asphalt pavement and insulation of the bottoms and walls of hydraulic structures. Cryogels can be recommended for use as polymer ‘pigs’ for removal of undesirable deposits in the pipeline during its cleaning or for pipeline pressure testing. In this case, ‘batching pigs’ are introduced to the boundary between hydrocarbon liquid and water.
Study of the kinetics of hardening in “activated cement-water” system
Authors: Rubanov A , Sarkisov Y , Mokshin D , Gauss K , Mokshin R 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The paper considers alternative methods of activation of cement systems based on the use of internal properties of cement. Their peculiarity is the use of activated cement and changing the sequence of mixing of cement mortar. Mixing of the main volume of Portland cement with cement slurry and its prior curing for 15 minutes allowed increasing the strength characteristics of hardened cement paste. As shown by experimental studies, the strength of the samples increases by 10–30% depending on the method of preparation and curing time of the cement slurry. Further experiments will be aimed at researching “activated cement–activated water” system.
Thermal protection of buildings from sandwich panels for Southern Siberia conditions
Authors: Shibaeva G , Ibe E , Portnyagin D , Afanasyeva E 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Article represents recommendations on decrease in heat losses through heat-conducting inclusions of sandwich panels. Recommendations are based on the analysis of calculations by a finite element method in software package Elcut and thermal imaging. The purpose of this study is to increase the thermal protection of buildings built with sandwich panels for the South Siberia conditions. The way of decrease in the factor of cold bridges is studied by adding thermal insulation of panel node connections. The authors analyzed constructive joints: roof parapet, roof cornice and junction of wall panels.
Rotational analysis of the inversion-vibrational spectra of the 15NHD2 molecule: ν6 fundamental band
Authors: Fomchenko A L , Belova A S , Kuznetsov A V 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This paper considers an assignment of the high-resolution Fourier spectra of 15NHD2 molecule in the region of ν6 band. The analysis is based on the combination differences method. As a result of the analysis, the energy structure of inversion-vibrational states (v6=1, s) and (v6=1, a) was obtained. More than 550 vibration-rotation transitions were found and values of about 140 upper vibrational energy levels were determined in total.
Quasi-viscous deformation mode in nonequilibrium nanocrystalline structures
Authors: Sukhanov I I , Zaytsev D S , Ditenberg I A , Tyumentsev A N 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Based on the analysis of the elastic-stressed state of partial disclinations of nanodipoles the rate of the quasi-viscous deformation mode in nanocrystalline structures is estimated. It’s shown that velocity of movement of point defects (V) and nanodipole propagation

(

L
˙

)

within the quasi-viscous deformation mechanism, depending on the activation energy of the migration of point defects (vacancies, interstitial atoms) and deformation temperature, can reach high values close to the speed of sound in metals.
Analysis of the elastic-stressed state of disclination configurations in the nanograin boundary
Authors: Zaytsev D S , Sukhanov I I , Ditenberg I A 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Disclination models of grain boundaries in crystals are considered. The features of the spatial distribution of the configuration stress fields depending on number of disclinations and magnitude of the common Frank’s vector are described. The estimate of the energy of the configurations based on the calculations in a wide range of values of the bending-torsion tensor 0.2…1.8 degrees per nanometer was obtained. It was shown that the energy of the equidistant model is higher than the energy of the other two with irregular distribution of disclinations.
Influence of mechanical activation duration on morphology, microstructure and microhardness of 3Ni – Al-system powder compound
Authors: Osipov D A , Smirnov I V , Grinyaev K V , Melnikov V V 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Investigation of influence of mechanical activation duration in high-energy planetary ball mill on morphology, microstructure parameters and microhardness of 3Ni – Al powder system was conducted. Main stages of transformation of microstructure and mechanical properties are revealed.
Study into luminescence and photoconductivity of nano-structured ZnO obtained through sol-gel method
Authors: Mikhnev L V , Bondarenko E A , Chapura O M , Skomorokhov A A , Nikonov A I , Malorodov M S , Pigulev R V , Gazdinsky D L 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Sol-gel method from zinc acetate in water was employed to synthesize nano-sized zinc oxide. The structural features of the ZnO obtained samples, their spectral features of luminescence and photoconductivity were studied. The influence of the treatment temperature on the luminescence and photoconductivity of nano-sized zinc oxide was studied. The type and energy position of the intrinsic defects involved in the luminescence and photoconductivity processes were determined.
Determination of a focusing system parameters in generation of THz radiation by bunch train
Authors: Altmark A , Lesiv N , Mukhamedgaliev K 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
It is present electron optics optimization for terahertz radiation generation by a sequence of short electron bunches passing through the dielectric loaded waveguide. In this method the superposition of individual bunch wakefields is used to selectively excite high frequency TM0n modes in a slow-wave structure. The main problem of this scheme is the transverse beam instability that limits the length of THz radiation wave packet. The main goal of this paper is a new parameter optimization algorithm for the FODO focusing system. The numerical modelling of the beam dynamics was performed in the original code “Dielectric waveguide” which utilizes analytic expression of the Green’s function for the dielectric loaded waveguides with cylindrical and rectangular geometries.
Analysis of electron beam dynamics in a rectangular dielectric waveguide
Authors: Altmark A , Lesiv N , Mukhamedgaliev K 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Wakefield acceleration of electron bunches is effective method developed for linear accelerator techniques. The main problem of this method is transverse beam dynamics which limits the propagation length of bunch. This work is dedicated to beam dynamics in dielectric waveguide with rectangular geometry. This type of waveguide has complex mode composition including LSM and LSE modes. The main purpose is a study of modes influence in rectangular dielectric waveguide on beam dynamics with different types of dismission of driver from waveguide’s axis. It is shown that the LSM asymmetric modes make a major contribution to wakefield and transverse dynamics.
Diagnostics of nanosuspension by the dynamic holography method
Authors: Mjagotin A , Ivanova G , Ivanov V 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The theoretical analysis of the dynamic holograms efficiency in the nonideal nanoparticle gas is carried out. The electrostrictive mechanism of optical nonlinearity of the medium is due to the forces operating on the particles of the dispersed phase in gradient light field. The recording of the dynamic hologram is significantly non-linear process at high intensities of radiation. The amplitude of phase grating depends exponentially versus intensity but it saturates at the high filling factor due to the repulsion effect.
Holographic formation of diffractive optical elements in photopolymer with two-beam interactions taken into account
Authors: Dolgirev V O , Dudnik D I , Sharangovich S N , Semkin A O 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This work presents the theoretical model of holographic formation of the diffraction optical element (DOE) in photopolymer material (PPM). DOE allows transforming Gaussian light fields to Bessel-like. Self-diffraction of writing light beams at low contrasts is taken into account. It is experimentally shown that influence of effect of self-diffraction in areas of low contrast leads to amplification of level of side’s maxima of diffracted light beam.
Applying the principle of distribution in the program complex for vocal recognition
Authors: Yakimuk A Yu , Konev A A , Andreeva Yu V , Nemirovich-Danchenko M M 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This article is devoted to studying the possibility of improving the quality of the identification of notes in vocal performance. In the present work, the authors described the transition of the program complex to a distributed functioning model. At this stage, this allowed organizing the storage of results for students and the introduction of an assessment mode for teachers. A study was conducted to improve the quality of note recognition through the use of other algorithms. During the tests, it was determined that the presence of vibrato in singing makes the greatest contribution to the number of unidentified notes. In view of the findings scheduled implementation in a program complex the paalgorithm which is responsible for determining the quality of vibrato in singing. The purpose of this modification is to get rid of novice singers from problems in singing, such as tremor.
Mathematical modelling of a single supersonic jet impingement with a flat obstacle
Authors: Kagenov A M , Kostyushin K V , Kotonogov V A , Pomiluyko A S , Aligasanova K L , Burgomistrenko R Yu , Eremin I V 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In this paper the mathematical modeling of the interaction of a single supersonic jet with a flat obstacle in a rarefied atmosphere and Mach numbers at the nozzle exit 4 are considered. Mathematical modeling using free OpenFOAM-Extended software and authors’ program are done. Comparison of calculation methods: PISO algorithm, Rusanov and Godunov schemes was carried out. The comparison results show a qualitative coincidence in the shape of the supersonic jet, wall jet and the system of shock waves. But the numerical results are quantitatively different, pressure on flat obstacle varied within 7-14 kPa. The peak of pressure is on the periphery for results of sonicFoam and dbnsFoam. For all solvers average pressure at axis of jet is 8 kPa and the first barrel of wall jet is started about at 0.4 meter from axis was obtained.
The Need for Alternative Insect Protein in Africa
Authors: Pechal Jennifer L , Benbow M Eric , Kamng’ona Arox W , Safalaoh Andrews , Masamba Kingsley , Kang’ombe Jeremiah 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAs the global population is expected to reach 9 billion people by 2050, food production must increase by 60% to meet demand. Increasing agricultural commodities to meet this demand for food products exacerbates several issues of human concern, such as over-fertilization and natural resource depletion. Further, changes in diets due to uncertainty in local crop availability change our food forecast. We are, however, poised to overcome agriculture and nutrition challenges, and become food secure by 2030. One challenge is to produce protein in a cost-effective, sustainable manner, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. Protein is an essential key ingredient of livestock feeds, and is necessary for animal growth, body maintenance, and producing offspring. The use and optimization of farming insects for protein-rich livestock feed is a transformative area of agriculture-based research that will contribute to improved food security and meeting global sustainable developmental goals. The resulting need is to minimize the anthropogenic impacts through research-driven approaches that will improve sustainable agricultural practices. This need will be addressed with insects. Larvae of certain insects feed on decomposing organic matter and can reduce associated bacterial (including pathogens) populations. The resulting larvae can be dried, milled, and used as feed for livestock, including poultry and aquaculture. Optimizing insect life history traits and their associated microbes as novel feed for livestock is currently understudied, but has tremendous impact to increase agricultural sustainability, improve feed security, and be easily introduced into local food production chains in Africa.
Identification and comprehensive characterization of lncRNAs with copy number variations and their driving transcriptional perturbed subpathways reveal functional significance for cancer
Authors: Xu Yanjun , Wu Tan , Li Feng , Dong Qun , Wang Jingwen , Shang Desi , Xu Yingqi , Zhang Chunlong , Dou Yiying , Hu Congxue , Yang Haixiu , Zheng Xuan , Zhang Yunpeng , Wang Lihua , Li Xia 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Numerous studies have shown that copy number variation (CNV) in lncRNA regions play critical roles in the initiation and progression of cancer. However, our knowledge about their functionalities is still limited. Here, we firstly provided a computational method to identify lncRNAs with copy number variation (lncRNAs-CNV) and their driving transcriptional perturbed subpathways by integrating multidimensional omics data of cancer. The high reliability and accuracy of our method have been demonstrated. Then, the method was applied to 14 cancer types, and a comprehensive characterization and analysis was performed. LncRNAs-CNV had high specificity in cancers, and those with high CNV level may perturb broad biological functions. Some core subpathways and cancer hallmarks widely perturbed by lncRNAs-CNV were revealed. Moreover, subpathways highlighted the functional diversity of lncRNAs-CNV in various cancers. Survival analysis indicated that functional lncRNAs-CNV could be candidate prognostic biomarkers for clinical applications, such as ST7-AS1, CDKN2B-AS1 and EGFR-AS1. In addition, cascade responses and a functional crosstalk model among lncRNAs-CNV, impacted genes, driving subpathways and cancer hallmarks were proposed for understanding the driving mechanism of lncRNAs-CNV. Finally, we developed a user-friendly web interface-LncCASE (http://bio-bigdata.hrbmu.edu.cn/LncCASE/) for exploring lncRNAs-CNV and their driving subpathways in various cancer types. Our study identified and systematically characterized lncRNAs-CNV and their driving subpathways and presented valuable resources for investigating the functionalities of non-coding variations and the mechanisms of tumorigenesis.
Enrichment of ovine gonadotropes via adenovirus gene targeting enhances assessment of transcriptional changes in response to estradiol-17 beta†
Authors: Murtazina Dilyara A , Arreguin-Arevalo Jesus Alejandro , Cantlon Jeremy D , Ebrahimpour-Boroojeny Ali , Shrestha Akash , Hicks Jennifer A , Magee Christianne , Kirkley Kelly , Jones Kenneth , Nett Terry M , Chitsaz Hamidreza , Clay Colin M 
Published: August 2019

AbstractGonadotropes represent approximately 5–15% of the total endocrine cell population in the mammalian anterior pituitary. Therefore, assessing the effects of experimental manipulation on virtually any parameter of gonadotrope biology is difficult to detect and parse from background noise. In non-rodent species, applying techniques such as high-throughput ribonucleic acid (RNA) sequencing is problematic due to difficulty in isolating and analyzing individual endocrine cell populations. Herein, we exploited cell-specific properties inherent to the proximal promoter of the human glycoprotein hormone alpha subunit gene (CGA) to genetically target the expression of a fluorescent reporter (green fluorescent protein [GFP]) selectively to ovine gonadotropes. Dissociated ovine pituitary cells were cultured and infected with an adenoviral reporter vector (Ad-hαCGA-eGFP). We established efficient gene targeting by successfully enriching dispersed GFP-positive cells with flow cytometry. Confirming enrichment of gonadotropes specifically, we detected elevated levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) but not thyrotropin-stimulating hormone (TSH) in GFP-positive cell populations compared to GFP-negative populations. Subsequently, we used next-generation sequencing to obtain the transcriptional profile of GFP-positive ovine gonadotropes in the presence or absence of estradiol 17-beta (E2), a key modulator of gonadotrope function. Compared to non-sorted cells, enriched GFP-positive cells revealed a distinct transcriptional profile consistent with established patterns of gonadotrope gene expression. Importantly, we also detected nearly 200 E2-responsive genes in enriched gonadotropes, which were not apparent in parallel experiments on non-enriched cell populations. From these data, we conclude that CGA-targeted adenoviral gene transfer is an effective means for selectively labeling and enriching ovine gonadotropes suitable for investigation by numerous experimental approaches.
Resiliency of equid H19 imprint to somatic cell reprogramming by oocyte nuclear transfer and genetically induced pluripotency†
Authors: Poirier Mikhael , Smith Olivia Eilers , Therrien Jacinthe , Rigoglio Nathia Nathaly , Miglino Maria Angélica , Silva Luciano Andrade , Meirelles Flavio Vieira , Smith Lawrence Charles 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Cell reprogramming by somatic cell nuclear transfer and in induced pluripotent stem cells is associated with epigenetic modifications that are often incompatible with embryonic development and differentiation. For instance, aberrant DNA methylation patterns of the differentially methylated region and biallelic expression of H19-/IGF2-imprinted gene locus have been associated with abnormal growth of fetuses and placenta in several mammalian species. However, cloned horses are born with normal sizes and with no apparent placental anomalies, suggesting that H19/IGF2 imprinting may be epigenetically stable after reprogramming in this species. In light of this, we aimed at characterizing the equid H19 gene to determine whether imprinting is altered in somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT)-derived conceptuses and induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines using the mule hybrid model. A CpG-rich region containing five CTCF binding sites was identified upstream of the equine H19 gene and analyzed by bisulfite sequencing. Coupled with parent-specific and global H19 transcript analysis, we found that the imprinted H19 remains monoallelic and that on average the methylation levels of both parental differentially methylated regions in embryonic and extra-embryonic SCNT tissues and iPSC lines remained unaltered after reprogramming. Together, these results show that, compared to other species, equid somatic cells are more resilient to epigenetic alterations to the H19-imprinted locus during SCNT and iPSC reprogramming.
Substrate characteristic bacterial fatty acid production based on amino acid assimilation and transformation in marine sediments
Authors: Aepfler Rebecca F , Bühring Solveig I , Elvert Marcus 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTPolar lipid-derived fatty acids (PLFAs) and their stable carbon isotopes are frequently combined to characterize microbial populations involved in the degradation of organic matter, offering a link to biogeochemical processes and carbon sources used. However, PLFA patterns derive from multiple species and may be influenced by substrate types. Here, we investigated such dependencies by monitoring the transformation of position-specifically 13C-labeled amino acids (AAs) in coastal marine sediments dominated by heterotrophic bacteria. Alanine was assimilated into straight-chain FAs, while valine and leucine incorporation led to the characteristic production of even- and odd-numbered iso-series FAs. This suggests that identical microbial communities adjust lipid biosynthesis according to substrate availability. Transformation into precursor molecules for FA biosynthesis was manifested in increased 13C recoveries of the corresponding volatiles acetate, isobutyrate and isovalerate of up to 39.1%, much higher than for PLFAs (<0.9%). A significant fraction of 13C was found in dissolved inorganic carbon (up to 37.9%), while less was recovered in total organic carbon (up to 17.3%). We observed a clear discrimination against the carboxyl C, whereby C2 and C3 positions were preferentially incorporated into PLFAs. Therefore, position-specific labeling is an appropriate tool for reconstructing the metabolic fate of protein-derived AAs in marine environments.
A Long and Winding Road: Dementia Caregiving With Grit and Grace
Authors: Roberto Karen A , Mccann Brandy Renee , Blieszner Rosemary , Savla Jyoti 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Background and Objectives
Many dementia caregivers provide care for numerous years. Exhibiting grit, or commitment and persistence in the face of adversity, may bolster their ability to manage caregiving challenges. We explored grit in relationship to memory and behavior problems and response to stressors among women engaged in long-term dementia care.

Research Design and Methods
Informed by a life course perspective, and guided by stress-process theory, we interviewed 10 women with a spouse or parent initially diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment 4 times over 10 years. Using Charmaz’s analysis methods and grit as a sensitizing concept, we employed an unfolding analytic strategy involving (a) thematic analysis to identify expressions of grit in response to caregiving stressors across interviews and (b) case-by-case comparisons to assess associations of grit with the use of care strategies across caregivers over time.

Results
Dementia caregivers experienced unrelenting and changing psychosocial and physical challenges. Over time, most women exhibited a sustained commitment to the relationship through the ways in which they protected the identity of the person with dementia, modified their expectations for emotional intimacy, and managed their financial affairs. They persevered as their roles and relationships fluctuated, often finding purpose and relief through employment and leisure pursuits. As care intensified, women who took charge and consciously made decisions in the best interest of the care recipient and themselves minimized stress.

Discussion and Implications
While some caregivers exhibited grit from the outset, all showed enhanced perseverance and commitment to the ways they managed memory-related changes over time. Developing confidence in their ability to manage and provide care helped the caregivers respond to stressors with purpose and sustain their roles and responsibilities. Enhancing grit in long-term dementia caregivers may result in better individual and relational outcomes.