bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analisis Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa Dalam Menyelesaikan Masalah Materi Program Linear Ditinjau Dari Gaya Kognitif Field-Dependent dan Field-Independent
Authors: Zahro Solikhati , Zuhri Zainullah 
Published: November 2024

Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk mendeskripsikan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa dalam menyelesaikan masalah materi program linier ditinjau dari gaya kognitif Field-Dependent dan Field-Independent . Jenis penelitian yang dipakai adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Instrumen penelitian yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini diantaranya yaitu tes gaya kognitif (tes GEFT ), tes kemampuan berpikir kritis, dan pedoman wawancara. Subjek yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini adalah 4 orang siswa yang diambil dari kelas XI SMK Dewantoro Purwosari. Pengambilan subjek tersebut berdasarkan hasil tes GEFT yang telah dilakukan adalah 2 siswa dengan gaya kognitif Field-Dependent dan 2 siswa dengan gaya kognitif Field-Independent . Teknik pengambilan informasi yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini ialah tes GEFT , tes kemampuan berpikir kritis, dan pedoman wawancara. Selanjutnya teknik pengumpulan data yang dilakukan ialah mereduksi data, menyajikan data dan menarik kesimpulan. Pada tahap pemeriksaan keabsahan data, penelitian ini memakai teknik tringulasi yaitu tes dan wawancara.
Hasil dari penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa siswa yang mempunyai gaya kognitif Field-Dependent mempunyai kemampuan berpikir kritis yang cukup tinggi. Dan mampu memenuhi 3 indikator kemampuan berpikir kritis diantaranya ialah tahap analisis, tahap evaluasi dan tahap inferensi (kesimpulan). Sedangkan tahap interpretasi subjek FD1 tergolong cukup memenuhi sedangkan FD2 tergolong belum memenuhi. Sedangkan siswa yang mempunyai gaya kognitif Field-Independent mempunyai kemampuan berpikir kritis yang tinggi. Dan mampu memenuhi 4 indikator kemampuan berpikir kritis diantaranya ialah tahap interpretasi, tahap analisis, tahap evaluasi dan tahap inferensi (kesimpulan).

Kata Kunci : Kemampuan berpikir kritis, program linear, gaya kognitif
Optimization of the rural domestic waste recycling network based on the path planning site selection model
Authors: Chen Jie , Wang Yufei , Lei Xiaoyu , Wang Xi 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionIn the context of rural revitalization strategies, effectively managing rural waste is a critical task for achieving ecological environmental sustainability. The current state of garbage collection and transportation is examined in this paper, focusing on the rural waste management practices in Dongfeng County, Liaoyuan City, Jilin Province, through mathematical modeling.MethodsBy analyzing the rural domestic waste collection network, the volume of waste generated at various points is fuzzified using the fuzzy mathematical theory.ResultsThe results of path optimization for waste collection and transportation were derived from a case study, demonstrating the feasibility and practicality of the rural domestic waste recycling network model.DicussionAdditionally, sensitivity analysis was conducted to assess the impact of changes on the total cost. Potential solutions for rural waste recycling and treatment are offered in this paper, providing valuable insights for the development of a rural domestic waste recycling network in Jilin Province.
Genome-wide association study reveals novel QTLs and candidate genes for panicle number in rice
Authors: Guo Jiangfan , Wang Wenbin , Li Wei 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionPanicle number (PN) is one of the three key yield components in rice, maintaining stable tiller and PN is a crucial characteristic of an ideal plant architecture. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying PN is essential for breeders aiming to improve rice yield.MethodsTo dissect the genetic architecture of panicle number, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted in 411 japonica rice varieties. GWAS analysis was carried out with the mixed linear model using 743,678 high-quality SNPs.ResultsOver two experimental years, we detected a total of seven quantitative trait loci (QTLs), located on chromosomes 1, 4, 6, 8, 11, and 12; notably, qPN1.1 and qPN8 were detected consistently in both years. By combining haplotype and expression analyses, OsCKX11 was identified as the candidate gene for qPN8, while LOC_Os01g07870 and LOC_Os01g07950 were identified as candidate genes for qPN1.1. Significant differences were observed among the haplotypes of these candidate genes. Additionally, qRT-PCR results showed that LOC_Os01g07870 expression levels were significantly lower in accessions with high panicle numbers compared to those with low panicle numbers.DiscussionTo understand the natural biological function of these candidate genes, further research involving overexpression or silencing in rice is needed. Despite these challenges, our results will lay the foundation for further study of panicle development and provide valuable genetic resources for developing high-panicle-number rice cultivars using genetic engineering and molecular breeding.
Health-related quality of life and complications of corticosteroid treatment in patients with immune thrombocytopenia in two teaching hospitals in Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Beyene Dessale Abate , Sisay Eskinder Ayalew , Fentie Atalay Mulu , Gebremedhin Amha 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundThe treatment of immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a major clinical challenge and has a significant impact on health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and prolonged use of corticosteroids may have a negative impact on HRQoL.ObjectivesTo evaluate the impact of ITP on HRQoL and complications of corticosteroid treatment in patients with ITP in two teaching hospitals in Ethiopia.MethodsThe institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from November 15, 2022, to March 15, 2023, to recruit 214 study participants during the study period (4 months). The ITP Life Quality Index (ILQI) in the Amharic version was used to assess the impact of ITP. Linear regression analysis models were also used, and a p-value of less than 0.05 was generally considered statistically significant.ResultsRegarding treatment, the majority 172 (80.4%) of study participants were taking prednisolone only, and 143 (66.8%) of study participants had at least one side effect of corticosteroids during the entire treatment period. Predictive factors for a higher impact of ITP on HRQoL; all correlated variables explained 36.5% (adjusted R-squared = 0.365, p &lt; 0.0001) of the variance and had a moderate impact on HRQoL. Furthermore, predictive factors for an increasingly higher impact of ITP on HRQoL were the development of emotionally related corticosteroid side effects (β = 0.392, 95% CI: 5.160–9.961, p &lt; 0.001), the presence of fatigue during the assessment (β = 0.326, 95% CI: 4.394–9.475, p &lt; 0.001), patients not taking cotrimoxazole prophylaxis treatment (β = 0.236, 95% CI: 2.236–6.570, p &lt; 0.001), living far from the hematology clinic (outside Addis Ababa) (β = 0166, 95% CI: 1.107–5.114 p = 0.003), having epistaxis and/or wet purpura (mucosal bleeding) (β = 0.191, 95% CI: 0.091–4.259, p = 0.001), and skin symptoms (petechiae and ecchymosis) (β = 0.041, 95% CI: 0.091–4.259 p = 0.041) during diagnosis.ConclusionThe impact of ITP on their energy levels and work life was high compared to the impact of ITP on daily life. The side effects of corticosteroids also affect the HRQoL of ITP patients.
Measles surveillance data analysis and serological survey in Quzhou, China, 2014–2024: an assessment of progress toward measles elimination
Authors: Gong Xiaoying , Zheng Wangfeng , Lai Shiming , Yin Zhiying 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundMeasles is a disease that can be eliminated through vaccination. In recent years, measles incidence and mortality have been greatly reduced.MethodsAnalyze measles surveillance data from 2014 to 2023 and measles seroepidemiological characteristics of healthy populations in 2024 to assess progress toward measles elimination.ResultsA total of 35 measles cases were reported in the surveillance system from 2014–2023 in Quzhou, with an average annual incidence of 1.6/1 million. Since 2019, the incidence of measles has been lower than 0.5/1 million. A serological survey of 257 healthy people showed that the positive rate of measles IgG antibody was 90.3%, and the immunity of all age groups except 0–5 years old was lower than 95%, which did not reach the threshold of 95% herd immunity required for eliminating measles.ConclusionAlthough the incidence of measles in Quzhou is low, the immunity of healthy people to measles infection is insufficient. Measles is still in the control phase, not in the elimination phase. Inadequate immunity in the population may be due to the failure to achieve ≥95% vaccination coverage and low immunogenicity of the vaccine. Recommends that the quality of routine immunization data be assessed and monitored to verify reported vaccination coverage; at the same time, improve vaccination services and optimize vaccination policies to increase actual vaccination coverage. In addition, it is recommended to adjust the MMR immunization strategy, changing the time of the first MMR vaccination from 8 months of age to 12–15 months of age, and the second dose at 4 to 6 years of age.
Transcutaneous auricular vagal nerve stimulation modulates blood glucose in ZDF rats via intestinal melatonin receptors and melatonin secretion
Authors: Zhang Yuzhengheng , Zou Ningyi , Xin Chen , Wang Yifei , Zhang Zixuan , Rong Peijing , Li Shaoyuan 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundMelatonin (MLT) and its receptor deficiency have been shown to be associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) is a non-invasive alternative intervention for patients suffering from hyperglycemia. Here, we aimed to investigate the role of taVNS on blood glucose modulation via intestinal melatonin receptors (MRs) and MLT secretion in hyperglycemia.MethodsAdult male Zucker diabetes fatty (ZDF) rats and Zucker lean (ZL) littermates were used. Forty ZDF rats were randomized into ZDF, taVNS, Px + taVNS and Lu + Px + taVNS groups (Px: pinealectomy, Lu: Luzindole). ZL rats served as a control group for comparison with ZDF rats without involvement in the taVNS intervention. Thirty min-taVNS interventions (2/15 Hz, 2 mA, 30 min/days) were administered once daily under anesthesia for 3 consecutive weeks in taVNS, Px + taVNS and Lu + Px + taVNS groups. Body weight and fasting blood glucose (FBG) were measured weekly in all rats, and real-time blood glucose was tested in the ZL and ZDF groups before, during and after the taVNS intervention. Plasma MLT concentration and the expression of MRs in the duodenum, jejunum and ileum were measured by the end of experiments.ResultsCompared with the ZL group, the level of FBG and body weight increased (all p &lt; 0.01), plasma MLT secretion and the expression of MRs in duodenum, jejunum and ileum of ZDF rats decreased obviously (all p &lt; 0.05), respectively. TaVNS can significantly reverse the hyperglycemia by regulating the non-pineal-derived MLT and MRs system in Px + taVNS group. Compared with the ZDF group, the expression of different intestinal MRs in the taVNS group was increased and more compactly arranged (both p &lt; 0.05), the level of plasma MLT secretion was up-regulated (p &lt; 0.01), and FBG and body weight were decreased (both p &lt; 0.01). Meanwhile, after taVNS intervention in rats in the Px + taVNS group, we observed an increase in MLT secretion and the number of intestinal MRs compared with the taVNS group (all p &gt; 0.05). In contrast, ZDF rats in which the pineal gland was excised by taVNS intervention and injected with the MRs antagonist Luzindole did not show these changes.ConclusionThe glucose reduction effect of taVNS may be related to regulating MLT levels and expressing intestinal MRs.
Recovery time and its predictors of severe acute malnutrition among under five children admitted at the therapeutic feeding center of Hiwot Fana comprehensive specialized hospital, eastern Ethiopia, 2024: a semi-parametric model
Authors: Meseret Fentahun , Keneni Mulualem , Alemu Ayichew , Tizazu Diribsa , Alemayehu Tesfaye Asfaw , Mossie Yalew , Teshager Tilahun , Wondimneh Fenta 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundEarly recovery is a performance indicator of quality care for children under five admitted due to severe acute malnutrition (SAM) at therapeutic feeding centers. Despite the available interventions to tackle such nutritional problems, there is limited information on the time to recovery and its predictors among children with severe acute malnutrition in Ethiopia, more particularly in the study setting.ObjectiveThe study aimed to assess the time to recovery from severe acute malnutrition and its predictors among children aged 6–59 months admitted to the therapeutic feeding center (TFC) of Hiwot Fana Comprehensive Specialized Hospital (HFCSH), eastern Ethiopia, from 1st September 2019 to 1st March 012024.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted at the therapeutic feeding center of HFCSH among a randomly selected sample of 349 patients with severe acute malnutrition who were undergoing therapeutic feeding. Data were collected using a data abstraction tool and then stored in Epi-data version 4.6 and STATA version 17.0 statistical software. Descriptive statistics, Kaplan–Meier (KM) plots, median survival times, the log-rank test, and the Cox proportional hazards regression model were used to report the findings of this study. After performing the Cox proportional hazards regression, the model goodness of fit and assumptions were checked. Finally, the association between independent variables and the time to recovery in days was assessed using the multivariable Cox proportional hazards model, and the variables with a p-value &lt;0.05 were considered statistically significant.ResultsThe median survival time to recovery among the patients with severe acute malnutrition was 17 days [95% confidence interval (CI): 16–18]. The incidence density recovery rate was 5.7 (95%CI, 4.9–6.6) per 100 person-days of observation. Factors that affected the time to recovery included residing in rural areas [adjusted hazard ratio (AHR) = 2.072; 95%CI = 1.336–3.215], being vaccinated according to age (AHR = 1.848; 95%CI = 1.162–2.939), and lack of analgesic administration (AHR = 0.685; 95%CI = 0.472–0.995).ConclusionThe median survival time to recovery in this study was found to be optimal. Residency, vaccination status of the child, and analgesic administration were the determinant factors. Paying attention to vaccination coverage, fever management, and pain management as part of the protocol helps reduce the length of hospital stay by facilitating recovery rates among severely malnourished children under five in Ethiopia.
From face-to-face to screen-to-screen: exploring the multifaceted dimensions of digital mental health care
Authors: Maqsood Aneela , Gul Seema , Zahra Touseef , Noureen Nazia , Khattak Amira 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundWith the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, the world witnessed an unprecedented surge in the adoption of digital platforms across various sectors, including mental health care. In countries such as Pakistan, where traditional face-to-face therapy practices hold social and cultural significance, transitioning to digital therapeutic methods presents a range of unique opportunities and challenges.ObjectivesThis research aimed to explore the dynamics, implications, and perceptions surrounding digital therapeutic care within the Pakistani sociocultural context. Given the paucity of literature on this subject in the Pakistani context, this study aims to bridge the evidence gap between trends in digital therapy and localized practices. The main goal was to understand the benefits, issues, and challenges therapists and clients face when adopting digital modes for therapeutic care.MethodFor this study, primary data was gathered from counsellors and therapists using a qualitative in-depth interview guide. Using a thematic analysis approach, key themes were derived from the interviews that provided insights into the experiences and perceptions of the participants.ResultsThe study revealed that digital platforms have great potential in breaking down geographical barriers making therapeutic interventions more accessible to a wider demographic. This increased accessibility also brought about a level of comfort for clients as they could access therapy from their familiar surroundings. Among the challenges that needed attention, security and confidentiality stood out, requiring strict measures to safeguard client’s data. The shift also brought to light the diverse range of feedback from clients, which was influenced by factors like age and technological proficiency. Moreover, the digital transition posed challenges for both therapists and clients, with many facing an adjustment period as they transitioned from face-to-face to online sessions. One significant challenge was the perceived difficulty in fostering a deep interpersonal connection in a virtual environment. This was further compounded by the need for therapists to modify traditional therapeutic techniques to fit the online mode.Conclusion and implicationsThe study underscores the evolving nature of digital therapy in Pakistan, setting a foundation for further exploration in aligning technology with therapeutic needs, ensuring optimal benefits for clients while preserving the sanctity and efficacy of the therapeutic relationship.
Response inhibition as a critical executive function in differentiating attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder from autism spectrum disorder: a comprehensive attention test study
Authors: Lee Kangto , Cho In Hee , Park Jeonghoon , Choi Hangnyoung , Cheon Keun-Ah 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundAutism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) are both associated with impairment in executive function, particularly in complex attention. Although previous studies using clinical assessments have attempted to delineate differences between these disorders, the findings have been inconclusive. Our study aims to elucidate the differences of endophenotype between ASD, ADHD, and their co-occurring condition utilizing a uniform computerized test.MethodsThe study included children diagnosed with ASD, ASD co-occurring with ADHD (ASD+ADHD), or ADHD who completed the comprehensive attention test (CAT) at Severance Hospital between October 2013 to May 2023. We excluded children with intellectual disability and comorbid major psychiatric or neurologic disorders possibly affecting attention measurement. The participants were categorized into three groups for the comparative analysis of CAT measures: (a) ASD (n=112), (b) ASD+ADHD (n=155), and (c) ADHD (n=104). The study also conducted an exploratory analysis utilizing multivariate linear regression analysis to examine the association between the CAT measures and parent-reported scales.ResultsNotably, the ASD+ADHD and ADHD groups exhibited higher frequency of commission errors (CE) and perseveration errors (PE) compared to the ASD group. In the exploratory analysis, a significant negative association was observed between reaction time (RT) and both the social communication questionnaire (SCQ) and the child behavior checklist (CBCL) externalization scores in the ASD+ADHD and ADHD groups. The ASD+ADHD group tended to show higher standard deviation of reaction time (RTSD) compared to the ASD group.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that impaired response inhibition is more pronounced in ADHD compared to ASD. We propose altered visual attention, reflecting response inhibition, may serve as potential endophenotypic markers differentiating ADHD from ASD in attentional assessment. Elevated RTSD in the ASD+ADHD group demonstrates additive pathology, suggesting that the neurological mechanisms underpinning impaired sustained attention may differ between the two conditions.
Nudge theories and strategies influencing adult health behaviors and outcomes in COPD management: a systematic review
Authors: Wu Qiuhui , Zhang Ruobin , Tao Li , Cai Wenting , Cao Xinrui , Mao Zhi , Zhang Jinping 
Published: November 2024

ObjectiveChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic respiratory disease with high prevalence and mortality, and self-management is a key component for better outcomes of COPD. Recently, nudging has shown promising potential in COPD management. In the present study, we conducted a systematic review to collate the list of nudges and identified the variables that influence nudging.MethodsWe undertook a systematic review. We employed database searches and snowballing. Data from selected studies were extracted. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Effective Practice and Organization of Care risk of bias tool. The study is registered with PROSPERO, CRD42023427051.ResultsWe retrieved 4,022 studies from database searches and 38 studies were included. By snowballing, 5 additional studies were obtained. Nudges were classified into four types: social influence, gamification, reminder, and feedback. Medication adherence, inhalation technique, physical activity, smoking cessation, vaccination administration, exercise capacity, self-efficacy, pulmonary function, clinical symptoms, and quality of life were analyzed as targeted health behaviors and outcomes. We found medication adherence was significantly improved by reminders via mobile applications or text materials, as well as feedback based on devices. Additionally, reminders through text materials greatly enhance inhalation techniques and vaccination in patients.ConclusionThis review demonstrates nudging can improve the health behaviors of patients with COPD and shows great potential for certain outcomes, particularly medication adherence, inhalation techniques, and vaccination. Additionally, the delivery modes, the patient characteristics, and the durations and seasons of interventions may influence the successful nudge-based intervention.Clinical trial registrationThis review has been registered in the international Prospective Registry of Systematic Evaluation (PROSPERO) database (identifier number CRD42023427051).