bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Home remedies: flexibilities to onshore pharmaceutical manufacturing under WTO rules
Authors: Mitchell Andrew D 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In the wake of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 pandemic, governments globally have intensified efforts to localize the production of pharmaceuticals, leveraging local content requirements and incentives to mitigate supply chain vulnerabilities. This shift has revealed tensions with World Trade Organization (WTO) regulations, notably highlighted in Turkey—Pharmaceutical Products (EU). This article explores policy-based flexibilities within the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) 1994, the Agreement on Trade-Related Investment Measures, and the Subsidies and Countervailing Measures (SCM) Agreement that may justify measures inconsistent with WTO norms under specific conditions. Analysing public health exceptions, national security imperatives, and government procurement policies, the paper elucidates how these flexibilities can be mobilized to support onshoring initiatives while adhering to international trade obligations. The findings suggest a nuanced approach to reconciling public health goals and economic strategies with global trade rules, providing a critical framework for policymakers navigating the complex interplay between national interests and international legal commitments.
A New Sampling Framework for Spatial Surveys with Application to the French National Forest Inventory
Authors: Duong Trinh H K , Bouriaud Olivier , Chauvet Guillaume 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The French National Forest Inventory (NFI) employs a two-stage two-phase sampling scheme summarized by the following key steps: first, the territory is divided into a spatial grid, and cells are randomly selected from this grid. Within the selected cells, additional random sampling of points is conducted. Subsequently, classification of the selected points is performed using auxiliary information from photo-interpretation. This information is used to draw a sub-sample that leads to field measurements. We evaluate the efficiency of the French NFI’s sampling design when the Horvitz–Thompson and post-stratified estimators for the total are used in the first and second phases, respectively. Given the complexity of the French NFI’s sampling design, a new theoretical framework is introduced for two-stage two-phase sampling schemes to facilitate design-based inference, combining inference methods for both finite and continuous populations. Horvitz–Thompson type estimators for the total and post-stratified estimators are proposed alongside variance estimators. Their performances are assessed through a simulation study, comparing the French NFI’s sampling design using alternative methods. The results indicate that the strategy formed by the French NFIs sampling design and proposed estimators may be effective in practice. The proposed framework is general and can be applied to other forest and environmental surveys.
Magnetic interaction of stellar coronal mass ejections with close-in exoplanets: implication on planetary mass-loss and Ly α transits
Authors: Hazra Gopal , Vidotto Aline A , Carolan Stephen , Villarreal D’Angelo Carolina , Ó Fionnagáin Dúalta 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) erupting from the host star are expected to affect the atmospheric erosion processes of planets. For planets with a magnetosphere, the embedded magnetic field in the CMEs is thought to be the most important parameter to affect planetary mass-loss. In this work, we investigate the effect of different magnetic field structures of stellar CMEs on the atmosphere of a hot Jupiter with a dipolar magnetosphere. We use a time-dependent 3D radiative magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) atmospheric escape model that self-consistently models the outflow from hot Jupiter’s magnetosphere and its interaction with stellar CMEs. For our study, we consider three configurations of magnetic field embedded in CMEs – (a) northward $B_z$ component, (b) southward $B_z$ component, and (c) radial component. We find that both the CMEs with northward $B_z$ and southward $B_z$ increase the planetary mass-loss rate when the CME arrives from the stellar side, with the mass-loss rate remaining higher for the CME with northward $B_z$ until it arrives on the opposite side. The largest magnetopause is found for the CME with a southward $B_z$ component. During the passage of a CME, the planetary magnetosphere goes through three distinct changes – (1) compressed magnetosphere, (2) enlarged magnetosphere, and (3) relaxed magnetosphere for all three CME configurations. The computed synthetic Ly $\alpha$ transit absorption generally increases when the CME is in interaction with the planet for all magnetic configurations but the maximum Ly $\alpha$ absorption is found for the case of radial CME with the most compressed magnetosphere.
Laboratory confirmation and improved accuracy of 4f and 5d energy levels of Fe ii previously identified from stellar spectra
Authors: Ding Milan , Kozuki Hiroki , Concepcion Florence , Nave Gillian , Pickering Juliet C 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
Many energy levels of singly ionized iron (Fe ii, $Z=26$) remain uncertain or experimentally unknown. Their identification and spectral line data are required in reliable astrophysical spectral analyses. In motivation for improving the atomic data of Fe ii, we analysed emission spectra of a Fe–Ne plasma produced by a Penning discharge lamp recorded by high-resolution Fourier transform spectroscopy in the region 9000–27 000 cm$^{-1}$ (11 111–3704 Å). Semi-empirical transition probability calculations and stellar spectra of Fe ii were used to guide the analysis. In total, 24 energy levels of the 3d$^6$4f and 3d$^6$5d configurations of Fe ii lying between 122 351 and 127 881 cm$^{-1}$ were confirmed in the laboratory for the first time, in agreement with their identities proposed by previous investigations involving only stellar spectra. Uncertainties in level energies and transition wavelengths of the 24 levels are improved by up to an order of magnitude compared to previously published values. These results will enable more reliable application of Fe ii in astrophysical spectroscopic analyses and support further investigations of the spectrum and energy levels of Fe ii.
Expanded detection and impact of BAP1 alterations in cancer
Authors: Sturgill Ian R , Raab Jesse R , Hoadley Katherine A 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Aberrant expression of the BAP1 (BRCA associated protein 1) tumor suppressor gene is a prominent risk factor for several tumor types and is important in tumor evolution and progression. Here we performed integrated multi-omics analyses using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas for 33 cancer types and over 10 000 individuals to identify alterations leading to BAP1 disruption. We combined existing variant calls and new calls derived from a de novo local realignment pipeline across multiple independent variant callers, increasing somatic variant detection by 41% from 182 to 257, including 11 indels ≥40 bp. The expanded detection of mutations highlights the power of new tools to uncover longer indels and impactful mutations. We developed an expression-based BAP1 activity score and identified a transcriptional profile associated with BAP1 disruption in cancer. BAP1 has been proposed to play a critical role in controlling tumor plasticity and normal cell fate. Leveraging human and mouse liver datasets, BAP1 loss in normal cells resulted in lower BAP1 activity scores and lower scores were associated with a less-differentiated phenotype in embryonic cells. Together, our expanded BAP1 mutant samples revealed a transcriptional signature in cancer cells, supporting BAP1’s influences on cellular plasticity and cell identity maintenance.
Effects of Fermented Kimchi Consumption on Anthropometric and Blood Cardiometabolic Indicators: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Intervention Studies and Prospective Cohort Studies
Authors: Ahn Seoeun , Darooghegi Mofrad Manije , Nosal Briana M , Chun Ock K , Joung Hyojee 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Context
Increasing global kimchi consumption has prompted interest in its health impact. However, comprehensive reviews of the influence of kimchi on cardiometabolic risk factors, especially meta-analyses, remain limited.

Objective
This review assessed the impact of fermented kimchi consumption on cardiometabolic risk factors by systematically reviewing human intervention and prospective cohort studies, and conducting a meta-analysis of intervention studies.

Data Sources
A literature search of PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, RISS, KISS, and ScienceON databases was conducted through April 30, 2024. The inclusion criteria encompassed studies that examined the effects of fermented kimchi, without any added ingredients or lactic acid bacteria, on health outcomes, including anthropometric measures, blood pressure, cardiometabolic and glycemic indicators, inflammatory cytokines, and the incidence of related chronic diseases.

Data Extraction
Data extraction and quality evaluation were conducted independently by 3 researchers.

Data Analysis
Pooled effect sizes were calculated as weighted mean differences (WMDs) with 95% CIs employing random-effects models.

Results
Five intervention studies (205 participants) and 4 prospective cohort studies (42 455 participants) were selected. A meta-analysis of the intervention studies revealed a significant reduction in fasting blood glucose (WMD: −1.93 mg/dL; 95% CI: −3.82, −0.03; I2 = 17.4%) following the consumption of fermented kimchi. After excluding studies that contributed to increased heterogeneity, significant inverse associations were observed between fermented kimchi consumption and triglycerides (WMD: −28.9 mg/dL; 95% CI: −53.2, −4.5; I2 = 0.0%), systolic blood pressure (WMD: −3.48 mmHg; 95% CI: −5.95, −1.01, I2 = 0.0%), and diastolic blood pressure (WMD: −2.68 mmHg; 95% CI: −4.75, −0.62; I2 = 0.0%). Prospective cohort studies linked higher kimchi intake with a lower incidence of cancer and metabolic syndrome and an increased likelihood of achieving normal body weight.

Conclusion
This review supports beneficial effects of fermented kimchi on cardiometabolic health. However, due to the limited number of studies, these findings should be interpreted cautiously, highlighting the need for further research in diverse populations.

Systematic Review Registration
PROSPERO registration No. CRD42024532020.
Trying to be an Early BIRD: An exploration of factors impacting British Columbia’s intervention referral and diagnosis of cerebral palsy
Authors: McIntosh Taylor , Wong Vivian , Sandhu Akshdeep , Cohen-Eilig Mor , Mishaal Ram 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Objectives
To identify the average age of cerebral palsy (CP) diagnosis and referral for intervention services in British Columbia (BC) and explore key factors that may impact these outcomes.

Methods
This study is a retrospective analysis of the Canadian CP Registry in BC between 2012 and 2021 (n = 187). Chart review recovered additional data on the ages of diagnosis and referral for intervention. The influence of clinical and demographic variables on the two outcomes were explored: Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) level, presence of non-motor disability, hallmark risk factors for CP, and ethnicity.

Results
The mean age of CP diagnosis in the cohort was 25 months (standard deviation [SD]: 18), and the mean age of referral for intervention services was 3.8 months (SD: 4.6). A child at GMFCS level V was, on average, diagnosed 25.6 months earlier than a child with GMFCS level I (confidence interval [CI]: −39.625, −11.588, P = 0.001). GMFCS was not found to have a similarly high level of association with the age of referral for intervention. Ethnicity and the presence of non-motor disability did not have notable associations for either outcome. Children with hallmark risk factors were referred 7.5 months earlier than those without (CI: −11.4, −3.61, P &lt; 0.005).

Conclusions
GMFCS level is the most significant predictor of an early or late CP diagnosis. This may encourage increased education and resource efforts being placed towards early diagnosis of children with lower GMFCS levels. This project hopes to act as a starting point for further research efforts into facilitating early diagnosis within BC and Canada.
One-Loop Vacuum Energy in 10D Super Yang–Mills Theory on Magnetized Tori with/without 4D N = 1 Supersymmetric Completion
Authors: Abe Hiroyuki , Koichi Akinari , Yamada Yusuke 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We compute the one-loop vacuum energy in 10-dimensional (10D) super Yang–Mills theory compactified on $\mathbb {R}^{1,3}\times (\mathbb {T}^2)^3$ in the presence of the Abelian magnetic fluxes. Regularization of the infinite Kaluza–Klein (KK) sum is achieved by the use of Barnes $\zeta$-functions, which can be applied to the case in which the KK mass spectrum has the Landau level structure. We apply the technique to two different models of the 10D super Yang–Mills theory: One is to introduce the magnetic flux background to the 10D super Yang–Mills action. The other is to first embed the 10D super Yang–Mills action into 4D $\mathcal {N}=1$ superspace and to introduce magnetic fluxes. The two models built result in different KK mass spectra as well as tree level potentials, and we compute the one-loop vacuum energy of each case. Nevertheless, both of the KK mass spectra have the Landau level structure and we can apply the regularization method in the same way. It turns out that the former model shows UV finite one-loop vacuum energy whereas the latter shows UV divergent one-loop potential that vanish when 4D ${\cal N}=1$ supersymmetry is not broken by magnetic fluxes. We discuss the origin of the differences from a higher-dimensional-supersymmetry viewpoint.
Duality Analysis in a Symmetric Group and its Application to Random Tensor Network Models
Authors: Ohzeki Masayuki 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The Ising model is the simplest model for describing many-body effects in classical statistical mechanics. A duality analysis leads to its critical point under several assumptions. The Ising model has $Z_2$-symmetry. The basis of duality analysis is a nontrivial relationship between low- and high-temperature expansions. However, discrete Fourier transformation automatically determines the hidden relationship. The duality analysis can naturally extend to systems with various degrees of freedom, $Z_q$ symmetry, and random spin systems. Furthermore, we obtained the duality relation in a series of permutation models in the present study by considering the symmetric group $S_q$ and its Fourier transformation. The permutation model in a symmetric group is closely related to random quantum circuits and random tensor network models, which are frequently discussed in quantum computing. It also relates to the holographic principle, a property of string theories and quantum gravity. We provide a systematic approach using duality analysis to examine the phase transition in these models.
Distributive cycles in the export-led growth model: On the macroeconomics of a pro-labor shift in Central and Eastern Europe
Authors: Grodzicki Maciej J , Możdżeń Michał 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This article aims to reassess a stylized fact, increasingly well-established in the Comparative Political Economy scholarship, that Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) economies exhibit characteristics of the so-called export-led growth (ELG) model. We can confirm the ‘ELG in CEE’ hypothesis by developing and testing a Goodwinian distributive cycles’ macroeconomic model focused on the productivity–employment–wage share nexus. Moreover, our approach allows us to shed light on the apparent contradiction between ELG characteristics and the dynamic wage and employment growth experienced in the region after the global financial crisis (GFC) by exploring the possibility of a productivity-induced shift within the ELG model. We conclude that CEE countries experienced technical upgrading, which allows them to maintain export competitiveness despite a visible pro-labor shift in the income distribution.
Physiological and psychological stress reactivity in narcolepsy type 1
Authors: Vringer Marieke , Bijlenga Denise , Zhou Jingru , Meijer Onno C , Vinkers Christiaan H , Lammers Gert Jan , Fronczek Rolf 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Study Objectives
Narcolepsy type 1 (NT1) is a chronic sleep–wake disorder, characterized by a loss of hypocretin production. Unexpectedly, in postmortem tissue of people with NT1, there is a loss of corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) in the paraventricular nucleus. CRH is known as an activator of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in response to stress. This activation results in the release of the stress hormones adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol. We hypothesize an altered physiological and psychological stress response in NT1.

Methods
Participants were people with NT1 (n = 14) and matched healthy controls (n = 12). The Trier Social Stress Test for Groups (TSST-G), a validated socially evaluated stress test in controlled settings, induced acute stress. We measured ACTH and cortisol levels in the blood before and at three timepoints after the TSST-G. We also measured subjective stress and heart rate levels.

Results
In both groups, acute stress led to increases in ACTH (p = .006), cortisol (p &lt; .001), heart rate (p &lt; .001), and subjective stress (p &lt; .001). Subjectively, people with NT1 experienced more stress than controls (p &lt; .001). No differences were found in heart rate, cortisol, and ACTH between people with NT1 and controls at any timepoint. Secondary analyses showed that men with NT1 had lower cortisol levels immediately after stress induction than men in the control group (p = .002).

Conclusions
People with NT1 show an increased subjective stress response, but no changes in their endocrine or cardiovascular stress reactivity. Further research is required to determine the impact of reduced CRH production and gender in NT1.
Nifedipine May Be an Inhibitor of Clozapine Metabolism, as Seen in 5 Patients: 2 from a US Double-Blind Study and 3 from a German TDM Study
Authors: Schoretsanitis Georgios , Haen Ekkehard , Verdoux Hélène , Paulzen Michael , de Leon Jose 
Published: November 2024

Background:
Clozapine is the only licensed antipsychotic for treatment-refractory schizophrenia. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) refers to the measurement of clozapine concentration. Clozapine TDM can be used to optimize treatment, particularly by identifying pharmacokinetic interactions between clozapine and comedications.

Methods:
We identified 5 cases of patients with available clozapine concentrations who were concomitantly receiving nifedipine and clozapine. These cases were drawn from 2 independent datasets: 2 from a double-blind, randomized clinical trial in the United States and 3 from a German TDM naturalistic database. As an index of clozapine clearance, we used the trough-level concentration-to-dose (C/D) ratios to estimate the minimum therapeutic doses. To estimate dose-correction factors for nifedipine treatment, we included only clozapine concentrations at steady state. We divided the clozapine minimum therapeutic doses (MTD) from the on-condition by the off-nifedipine condition.

Results:
In 4 patients, the ratio of on/off nifedipine for MTD ranged between 0.58 and 0.82. Another patient had no data and had to be compared with published control data (female smoker of African ancestry), providing a correction factor of 0.52 after eliminating 5 concentrations contaminated by the development of obesity.

Conclusions:
In the absence of access to TDM, when prescribing nifedipine to clozapine-treated patients, we recommend reducing the daily dose of clozapine by one-third because of the weak inhibition of clozapine metabolism. With access to TDM, TDM should guide dosing as unusual patients may need larger dose reductions, as it is possible that in some patients, nifedipine may be a moderate inhibitor requiring halving clozapine dose. Further prospective studies are warranted.
Potential Bladder Irritants and Overactive Bladder Symptoms: A Systematic Review
Authors: Ha Barbara , Seo Yoolim , Weaver Ashlee M. , Khan Fouzia Zahid Ali , Handa Victoria L. 
Published: November 2024

Importance
Initial management for overactive bladder includes behavioral modification with avoidance of bladder irritants. However, in 2017, the International Consultation on Incontinence concluded that more research is needed to determine the precise role of these irritants in the treatment of overactive bladder.

Objectives
The objectives were to identify, evaluate, and summarize peer-reviewed literature examining associations between 6 potential bladder irritants as proposed by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (alcohol; spicy foods; chocolate; artificial sweeteners; caffeinated, carbonated, and citrus beverages; and high-acid foods such as citrus and tomatoes) and OAB symptoms.

Study Design
We performed a systematic literature search on MEDLINE, EMBASE, and SCOPUS. An adapted version of the patient-intervention-comparison-outcome framework was applied. The risk of bias was assessed using the Risk of Bias in Non-randomized Studies—of Exposures assessment tool. The study was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) (CRD42023466251).

Results
We reviewed 51 unique articles exploring the effect of alcohol (n = 34); spicy foods (n = 1); chocolate (n = 3); artificial sweeteners (n = 5); caffeinated, carbonated, and citrus beverages (n = 27); and high-acid foods (n = 2). The considered outcomes included overactive bladder (n = 16), urgency incontinence (n = 19), urinary urgency (n = 15), frequency (n = 17), and nocturia (n = 17). Overall, observed associations were mixed and inconsistent. The risk of bias was moderate in 23 publications and low for the remaining publications.

Conclusions
This systematic review failed to identify consistent evidence of an association between any of these 6 potential bladder irritants and overactive bladder symptoms.