bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mercados públicos: de equipamentos de abastecimento de alimentos a espaços gastronômicos para o turismo/ Public markets: from food supply equipment to gastronomic spaces for tourism
Authors: Freire Ana Lucy Oliveira 
Published: July 2018

Esse trabalho visa discutir as transformações nos mercados públicos, outrora principais equipamentos de abastecimento de alimentos das cidades, articulando-os às transformações que envolvem a alimentação. Busca analisar as mudanças nos antigos mercados os quais, tendencialmente, cedem lugar a novos e seletivos espaços (turísticos) de alimentação no espaço urbano. Metodologicamente, fez-se necessário uma revisão bibliográfica de diferentes temas: alimentação, mercados públicos, polos gastronômicos, cidade e turismo, gourmet e gourmetização, etc. Pesquisa em fontes virtuais, especialmente em sites, foi relevante, além de um estudo local usando diversas fontes, além de trabalho empírico. ABSTRACTThis work aims to discuss the transformations in the public markets, once the main food supply equipment of the cities, articulating them to the transformations that involve the feeding. It looks for to analyze the changes in the old markets which, tendentially, give place to new and selective spaces (tourist) of feeding in the urban space. Methodologically, a bibliographic review of different themes was necessary: food, public markets, gastronomic poles, city and tourism, gourmet and gourmetization, etc. Research on virtual sources, especially on websites, was relevant, as well as a local study using several sources, as well as empirical work. KEY WORDS: Public Market; Feed; City and Tourism.
What Is the Evidence to Support the Association Between Metabolic Syndrome and Osteoarthritis? A Systematic Review
Authors: Li Shanshan , Felson David T. 
Published: July 2018

ObjectiveThere is conflicting evidence on the association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) with the risk of osteoarthritis (OA). We aimed to systematically summarize the empirical evidence and discuss challenges in research methodologies in addressing this question.MethodsWe performed a systematic literature review based on PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews on published epidemiologic studies that examined the association between MetS and the risk of OA. We included cross‐sectional studies, case–control studies, and cohort studies with appropriate covariate adjustments. We extracted information on prevalence, incidence, crude and adjusted effect estimates, and the 95% confidence intervals from the articles, or this information was provided by the authors. We listed the main methodologic issues existing in current literature and provided recommendations for future research on this topic.ResultsWe identified 7 eligible studies on knee OA, 3 on hip OA, and 3 on hand OA. In studies that adjusted for body mass index or weight, MetS was not significantly associated with the risk of knee OA. No significant associations were reported for hip OA. For hand OA, the data were sparse and insufficient to reach a conclusion. Studies were mostly cross‐sectional, exposure included only 1 time measurement, few studies had incident outcomes, and covariate adjustment was often insufficient.ConclusionOur review was unable to reach a definitive conclusion due to insufficient data, although the data suggest that knee and hip OA are not associated with MetS. Future longitudinal studies with incident OA cases, repeated measurement of MetS, and appropriate covariate adjustment are needed.
High Hall Mobility P‐type Cu2SnS3‐Ga2O3 with a High Work Function
Authors: Kim Jeonggi , Kim Hyo‐Min , Cho Sinyoung , Avis Christophe , Jang Jin 
Published: July 2018

AbstractA new transparent p‐type oxide semiconductor (POS) is reported, Cu2SnS3‐Ga2O3, having high Hall mobility of 36.22 cm2 V−1s−1, and high work function of 5.17 eV. The existence of Cu2SnS3 and Ga2O3 phases in the film is confirmed by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy results and the Cu2SnS3 shows polycrystalline structure according to Raman spectrum and X‐ray diffraction analysis. The transparent Cu2SnS3‐Ga2O3 exhibits the carrier concentration of 5.86 × 1016 cm−3, and electrical resistivity of 1.94 Ω·cm. The transparent POS is applied to green quantum light‐emitting diodes (QLEDs) as a hole injection layer (HIL) because of its high work function. The QLED exhibits the maximum current efficiency of 51.72 cd A−1, power efficiency of 31.97 lm W−1, and external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 14.93%, which are much higher than the QLED using polyethylene dioxythophene:poly(styrenesulfonate) HIL exhibiting current efficiency of 42.66 cd A−1, power efficiency of 20.33 lm W−1, and EQE of 12.36%. The Cu2SnS3‐Ga2O3 developed in this work can be widely used as a transparent and conductive p‐type oxide for thin‐film devices.
Droplets Manipulated on Photothermal Organogel Surfaces
Authors: Gao Chunlei , Wang Lei , Lin Yucai , Li Jitong , Liu Yufang , Li Xin , Feng Shile , Zheng Yongmei 
Published: July 2018

AbstractA photoresponsive organogel surface (POS), which integrates characteristics of the photothermal property of Fe3O4 nanoparticles and the low hysteresis feature of lubricant‐infused organogels, is shown. A photothermally induced dynamic temperature gradient can be formed rapidly at the location of near‐infrared‐light irradiation (NIR) on POS with suitable Fe3O4 nanoparticles content. Thus, various droplets (e.g., water, glycerol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, and ethanol) can be transported effectively and nimbly (e.g., along desired trajectories with controllable velocity and direction, even run uphill and deliver solid particles). This work reveals a synergistic effect between the asymmetrical droplet deformation and the inside Marangoni flows, which forms a unique driving force for droplet transport with high efficiency. This finding offers insight into the design of novel responsive interface materials for droplet transportation, which would be significant for laboratory‐on‐a‐chip contexts, mass transportation, and microengines.
Unique SiO2 Nanourchins Enable Amplification in Living Cells for In Situ Imaging of mRNAs
Authors: Shen Xiaotong , Wang Yan , Zhang Ying , Ouyang Jin , Na Na 
Published: July 2018

AbstractSufficient delivery of nucleic acid reagents into cells for amplifications with great activities would be significant for in situ intracellular imaging of messenger RNAs in living cells, showing great potentials in chemistry and biology. Herein, SiO2 nanourchins (SNUs) are developed, with two‐pronged pair of primers anchored on enzyme‐functionalized mesoporous SiO2 cores, for in situ imaging of mRNAs in living cells. Endowed by the urchins‐like structure to represent high loading capacity, efficient activity without mutual interference, and sufficient delivery into cells, SNUs maintain sustainable reactivities for amplification through primers' 3′‐end complete exposure and synergistic reagents release by increased dissociation or mobility during hybridization. “One‐step” reverse‐transcription helicase‐dependent isothermal amplifications are employed in living cells with Klenow (exo−) DNA polymerase to accomplish reverse transcriptions and polymerization amplifications. With high efficiency and stability, low toxicity, and good specificity, this method can detect amol of mRNA in dozens of microliter samples (<0.02 molecules per cell) in living cells, providing an ultrasensitive tool for fundamental understanding of mRNAs in cellular processes.
Caking‐Inspired Cold Sintering of Plastic Supramolecular Films as Multifunctional Platforms
Authors: Xie Mengqi , Che Yuxuan , Liu Kaerdun , Jiang Lingxiang , Xu Limin , Xue Rongrong , Drechsler Markus , Huang Jianbin , Tang Ben Zhong , Yan Yun 
Published: July 2018

AbstractCaking of powder materials is undesired in various industries, and for thousands of years people are fighting against caking. Herein, the principle of caking is employed to create macroscopic plastic supramolecular films through a cold sintering process. A nanometer‐sized, irregular coordinating cluster is first generated with a bulky head surfactant and multifunctional ligand, and the addition of metal ions immediately leads to amorphous white precipitates. Upon adsorbing moisture, a rearrangement of the molecules in the precipitates results in cold sintering, so that the particles in the precipitates grow into a transparent macroscopic film. The mechanical strength of the film is comparable to plastics, but allows welding and molding with finger at ambient temperature in moist environment. Mechanical tests suggest the supramolecular plastic does not fatigue even after several tens circles' remolding, indicating their superior material engineering capability. This strategy can be extended to different chemistries to fabricate films with different mechanical strength. Various functional components can be doped into the resultant films, rendering them a platform toward multifunctional materials, such as luminescent devices or sensors for pollution gases. The current strategy opens up a new vista in material science is expected.
Visible‐Light‐Mediated Rose Bengal‐Catalyzed α‐Hydroxymethylation of Ketones with Methanol
Authors: Yang Jingya , Xie Dongtai , Zhou Hongyan , Chen Shuwen , Duan Jiaokui , Huo Congde , Li Zheng 
Published: July 2018

AbstractA visible‐light‐mediated α‐hydroxymethylation of ketones using methanol as the hydroxymethylating reagent has been developed. Using 1 mol% rose bengal as the photosensitizer and air as the green oxidant, the reactions proceeded smoothly at room temperature. Experimental studies indicate the reaction proceeded via a radical pathway.magnified image
Boron Trichloride‐Mediated Synthesis of Indoles via the Aminoboration of Alkynes
Authors: Lv Jiahang , Zhao Binlin , Liu Li , Han Ying , Yuan Yu , Shi Zhuangzhi 
Published: July 2018

AbstractWe describe an efficient catalyst‐ and metal‐free aminoboration of alkynes to 3‐borylated indoles using one of the least expensive boron sources, BCl3. The major dichloro(indolyl)borane products can be used for the in situ construction of useful 3‐Bpin indoles. This simple and mild method provides a novel and efficient approach for the synthesis of various 3‐borylated indoles with high regioselectivity and a wide substrate scope.magnified image
High‐Performance Terahertz Sensing at Exceptional Points in a Bilayer Structure
Authors: Jin Biaobing , Tan Wei , Zhang Caihong , Wu Jingbo , Chen Jian , Zhang Shuang , Wu Peiheng 
Published: July 2018

AbstractMany intra‐ and inter‐molecular vibrations lying at terahertz (THz) frequencies in bulk, powder, and thin film, which could provide rich structure information, can be accessed by conventional Raman and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopies. However, due to the lack of high‐quality THz sources and detectors, the sensitivity that has been demonstrated with THz sensors is far from the level needed to detect small amounts of sample, like monolayer biomolecules. This puts forward an urgent requirement for a THz biosensor with ultra‐high sensitivity. Here, a theoretical design is proposed using a bilayer metasurface to construct a two‐resonator coupled system that obeys passive parity time symmetry and that possesses an exceptional point. By designing the coupled resonators to have orthogonal excitation orientations and retrieving the eigenfrequencies in polarization space, eigenfrequency splitting even smaller than the resonance linewidth can be distinguished, and thus attain ultra‐high THz sensitivity. Electromagnetic simulations show that the sensitivity, defined as the frequency change per micrometer in thickness and per refractive index unit (RIU) of the analyte, can reach 800 GHz RIU−1 µm−1, an order of magnitude higher than the values reported in previous work. This proposed high‐sensitivity approach could open a path toward the detection of monolayer molecules at THz frequencies.
An Integrated Approach to Thermoelectrics: Combining Phonon Dynamics, Nanoengineering, Novel Materials Development, Module Fabrication, and Metrology
Authors: Ohta Michihiro , Jood Priyanka , Murata Masayuki , Lee Chul‐Ho , Yamamoto Atsushi , Obara Haruhiko 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThis review discusses the longstanding efforts to develop advanced thermoelectrics through a multidisciplinary approach by combining condensed matter physics, nanotechnology, solid‐state chemistry, electrical engineering, mechanical engineering, and metrology. The phonon dynamics of skutterudites, clathrates, tetrahedrites, and layered LaOBiSSe are investigated through inelastic neutron scattering, allowing insights into their low lattice thermal conductivity due to rattling in a cage as well as under planar coordination. The electrical resistivity, Seebeck coefficient, and Hall coefficient of Bi‐nanowires are successfully measured with a home‐made system, demonstrating a size effect in thermoelectric and galvanomagnetic phenomena. For PbTe‐based bulk thermoelectrics, an exceptionally high figure of merit ZT (≈1.8 at 800 K) is achieved through nanostructuring. Moreover, correspondingly high conversion efficiency (≈11% for a temperature difference of 590 K) is demonstrated in nanostructured PbTe‐based modules. Sulfides (tetrahedrite, colusite, and CdI2‐type layered systems) and arsenides (LnFeAsO and BaZn2As2) are developed as environmentally friendly and emerging thermoelectric materials, respectively. The output power and efficiency of modules with novel materials, including nanostructured PbTe, Zn4Sb3, and clathrates, are measured with the highly accurate self‐made system. Future opportunities and challenges for the widespread use of thermoelectric waste heat recovery and energy harvesting are also discussed.
Advances in Materials and Structures for Ingestible Electromechanical Medical Devices
Authors: Bettinger Christopher J. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractIngestible biomedical devices that diagnose, prevent, or treat diseases has been a dream of engineers and clinicians for decades. The increasing apparent importance of gut health on overall well‐being and the prevalence of many gastrointestinal diseases have renewed focus on this emerging class of medical devices. Several prominent examples of commercially successful ingestible medical devices exist. However, many technical challenges remain before ingestible medical devices can achieve their full clinical potential. This Minireview summarizes recent discoveries in this interdisciplinary topic including novel materials, advanced materials processing techniques, and select examples of integrated ingestible electromechanical systems. After a brief historical perspective, these topics will be reviewed with a dedicated focus on advanced functional materials and fabrication strategies in the context of clinical translation and potential regulatory considerations. Future perspectives, challenges, and opportunities related to ingestible medical devices will also be summarized.
Native predators control the population of an invasive crab in no‐take marine protected areas
Authors: Noè Simona , Gianguzza Paola , Di Trapani Francesco , Badalamenti Fabio , Vizzini Salvatrice , Fernández Tomás Vega , Bonaviri Chiara 
Published: July 2018

Abstract

The resistance of an ecosystem to species invasion is considered to be related to the abundance and diversity of native species (i.e. biotic resistance hypothesis). Theory predicts that the high native diversity in pristine systems can hinder the establishment and/or the spread of non‐native species through direct and indirect mechanisms (e.g. through competitive and/or predatory interactions).
Here we tested whether predation provides higher resistance to invasion by the Percnidae crab Percnon gibbesi (H. Milne Edwards, 1853) in protected native communities, compared with exploited ones. Specifically, this study aimed to compare: (i) the abundance and diversity of potential predator assemblages of P. gibbesi; (ii) the predation pressure on P. gibbesi; and (iii) the density of this species in two protected and two unprotected sites along the northern Sicilian coast (Italy).
The relative predation rate was assessed by manipulative tethering experiments conducted on two size classes of P. gibbesi using long and short tethers, both at protected and unprotected sites.
The abundance and diversity of the predators of P. gibbesi and the relative predation rate on tethered crabs were higher at protected than at unprotected sites, independent of crab size and tether length. The density of P. gibbesi was significantly lower in protected compared with unprotected sites.
These results suggest that the diversity and abundance of native predator assemblages directly affect the invasion success of P. gibbesi in the Mediterranean Sea. We provided experimental evidence that the restoration of predator assemblages confers ‘biotic resistance’ to no‐take marine protected areas (MPAs) against P. gibbesi invasion. Our study confirms that no‐take MPAs are effective in combating non‐indigenous species (NIS) invasion, and that it is crucial to establish a long‐term monitoring programme to limit the introduction of NIS and to control the spread of existing ones.
Implementation of comparative visualization pedagogy for structural dynamics
Authors: Mahajan Suryakant K. , Sonparote Ranjan S. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractCALSIDOF, a self‐learning tool based on juxtaposition comparative visualization pedagogy is developed and implemented for structural dynamics. The assessment of the effectiveness of the tool was carried out using a questionnaire survey. This survey indicates that the comparative visualization pedagogy approach of CALSIDOF can help in understanding and excite the interest in the subject.
A DNA as a Substrate and an Enzyme: Direct Profiling of Methyltransferase Activity by Cytosine Methylation of a DNAzyme
Authors: Li Wang , Chen Siyi , Xu Dong , Wen Qian , Yang Tao , Liu Juewen 
Published: July 2018

AbstractInhibiting DNA methyltransferase (MTase) activity is crucial for cancer treatment. Evaluating drug candidates as inhibitors of MTase requires the measurement of its activity. However, direct profiling of MTase activity remains an analytical challenge, since a complicated hydrolysis step using methylation‐sensitive restriction enzymes (msRE) was inevitable in almost all previously reported methods. Taking advantage that DNA is the substrate of MTase and certain DNA sequences, known as DNAzymes, can also have enzyme‐like activities, we herein developed an enzyme‐free and label‐free route for direct assaying MTase activity. Specifically, adding a cytosine at the meta‐position of a peroxidase‐mimicking DNAzyme can improve the catalytic activity of DNAzyme up to 5‐fold. After methylation of the cytosine cap, the activity is further doubled. Based on these findings, direct assaying of MTase inhibitors was performed without the extra and complicated hydrolysis step. These new findings provide a helpful tool for screening drugs for cancer therapy. The idea of using the same DNA as a substrate and an enzyme could be a general way for assaying other enzymes.
Carborane‐BODIPY Dyads: New Photoluminescent Materials through an Efficient Heck Coupling
Authors: Bellomo Chiara , Chaari Mahdi , Cabrera‐González Justo , Blangetti Marco , Lombardi Chiara , Deagostino Annamaria , Viñas Clara , Gaztelumendi Nerea , Nogués Carme , Nuñez Rosario , Prandi Cristina 
Published: July 2018

AbstractA small library of carborane‐BODIPY/aza‐BODIPY dyads were efficiently synthesized by means of a novel convergent synthetic approach, the key step of which is a Pd‐catalyzed Heck coupling reaction. The structural characterization and photoluminescence properties of the newly synthesized dyads were evaluated. The presence of the carborane did not significantly alter the photophysical patterns of the BODIPY or aza‐BODIPY in the final fluorophores, but it produced a decrease of the emission fluorescent quantum yields that was in the range from 1.4 % for aza‐BODIPY to 48 % for BODIPY‐dyads. The carborane‐BODIPY dyads were successfully incorporated into cells, especially compounds 2, 4 and 13, demonstrating their cytoplasmic localization. The fluorescent and biocompatibility properties make these compounds good candidates for in vitro cell tracking.
Retinal photoreceptor and ganglion cell types and topographies in the red fox (Vulpes vulpes) and Arctic fox(Vulpes lagopus)
Authors: Malkemper Erich Pascal , Peichl Leo 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe red fox (Vulpes vulpes) is the carnivore with the widest distribution in the world. Not much is known about the visual system of these predominantly forest‐dwelling animals. The closely related Arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus) lives in more open tundra habitats. In search for corresponding adaptations, we examined the photoreceptors and retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), using opsin immunohistochemistry, lucifer yellow injections and Nissl staining. Both species possess a majority of middle‐to‐longwave‐sensitive (M/L) and a minority of shortwave‐sensitive (S) cones, indicating dichromatic color vision. Area centralis peak cone densities are 22,600/mm2in the red fox and 44,800/mm2in the Arctic fox. Both have a centro‐peripheral density decrease of M/L cones, and a dorsoventrally increasing density of S cones. Rod densities and rod/cone ratios are higher in the red fox than the Arctic fox. Both species possess the carnivore‐typical alpha and beta RGCs. The RGC topography shows a centro‐peripheral density gradient with a distinct area centralis (mean peak density 7,900 RGCs/mm2in the red fox and 10,000 RGCs/mm2in the Arctic fox), a prominent visual streak of higher RGC densities in the Arctic fox, and a moderate visual streak in the red fox. Visual acuity and estimated sound localization ability were nearly identical between both species. In summary, the red fox retina shows adaptations to nocturnal activity in a forest habitat, while the Arctic fox retina is better adapted to higher light levels in the open tundra.
Towards High‐Efficiency Hydrogen Production through in situ Formation of Well‐Dispersed Rhodium Nanoclusters
Authors: Hu Min , Ming Mei , Xu Caili , Wang Yi , Zhang Yun , Gao Daojiang , Bi Jian , Fan Guangyin 
Published: July 2018

AbstractRh‐based materials have emerged as potential candidates for hydrogen revolution from electrolyzing water or ammonia borane (AB) hydrolysis. Nevertheless, most of the catalysts still suffer from the complex synthetic procedures combined with limited catalytic activity. Additionally, the facile syntheses of Rh catalysts with high efficiencies for both electrochemical water splitting and AB hydrolysis are still challenging. Herein, we develop a simple, green, and mass‐producible ion‐adsorption strategy to produce a Rh/C pre‐catalyst (pre‐Rh/C). The ultrafine and clean Rh nanoclusters immobilized on carbon are achieved via the in situ reduction of the pre‐Rh/C during the hydrogen‐evolution process. The resulting in situ Rh/C catalyst presents an outstanding electrocatalytic performance with low overpotentials of 8 and 30 mV at 10 mA cm−2 in 1.0 m KOH and 0.5 m H2SO4, respectively, outperforming the state‐of‐the‐art Pt catalysts. Furthermore, the in situ Rh/C is also highly active for AB hydrolysis to produce hydrogen with a high turnover frequency of 1246 mol
molRh−1 min−1 at 25 °C. The in situ‐formed ultrafine Rh nanoclusters are responsible for the observed superior catalytic performance. This facile in situ strategy to realize a highly active catalyst shows promise for practical applications.