bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A systematic review on the relationship between mental health, radicalization and mass violence
Authors: Misiak Błażej , Samochowiec Jerzy , Bhui Kamaldeep , Schouler-Ocak Merryam , Demunter Hella , Kuey Levent , Raballo Andrea , Gorwood Philip , Frydecka Dorota , Dom Geert 
Published: November 2018

AbstractRadicalization is a process, by which individuals adopt extreme political, social and religious ideation that leads to mass violence acts. It has been hypothesized that mental health characteristics might be associated with a risk of radicalization. However, a qualitative synthesis of studies investigating the relationship between mental health and radicalization has not been performed so far. Therefore, we aimed to perform a systematic review of studies examining the association between mental health characteristics and the risk of radicalization. Two reviewers performed an independent search of online databases from their inception until 8thApril 2018 and 12 publications met eligibility criteria. There were several methodological limitations across the majority of eligible publications, including doubtful sample representativeness, use of diagnostic procedures without personal assessment of mental health status or lack of standardized tools for assessment of mental health. Representative cross-sectional studies revealed that depressive symptoms might be associated with radicalization proneness. However, it remains unknown whether depressive symptoms are associated with resilience or vulnerability to radicalization. Another finding from our systematic review is that several personality traits might predispose to develop extreme ideation. Finally, there is some evidence that lone-actors might represent a specific subgroup of subjects with extreme beliefs which can be characterized by high prevalence of psychotic and/or mood disorders. In conclusion, this systematic review indicates that caution should be taken on how the association between ‘mental health’ and ‘radicalization’ is being claimed, because of limited evidence so far, and a number of methodological limitations of studies addressing this issue.
A parametric morphing method for generating structured meshes for marine free surface flow applications with plane symmetry
Authors: Immonen Eero 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
This article introduces a method for morphing a parametric, rectangular and structured 3D template mesh such that it embodies: (1) a given (half) hull surface properly aligned with a pre-defined air-water interface zone, (2) a high-quality boundary layer region near the hull, and (3) a smooth transition of the mesh to the template mesh structure away from the hull. The performance of the proposed method is successfully validated on three widely studied benchmark cases, namely the parabolic Wigley hull, the Series 60 hull and the DTMB 5415 combatant hull. The proposed automated mesh generation method is useful in shape optimization for computational fluid dynamics, among others.
Highlights A new method for creating structured meshes for marine CFD applications is presented. The proposed method is parametric and thus fully programmable. The method includes an automatic resolution of CAD geometry errors. The resulting meshes are strictly orthogonal near the inter-phase zone and the hull. The main application of the proposed method is in CFD-based shape optimization.
Safety and clinically important events in PCP-initiated STEMI bypass in Ottawa
Authors: Mitchell Simeon , Dionne Richard , Maloney Justin , Austin Mike , Mok Garrick , Sinclair Julie , Cox Catherine , Le May Michel , Vaillancourt Christian 
Published: November 2018

CLINICIAN’S CAPSULEWhat is known about the topic?Transport of STEMI patients directly to the cath lab (STEMI bypass) by advanced care paramedics (ACPs) is common practice. The safety of this practice with primary care paramedics (PCPs) is unknown.What did this study ask?What is the prevalence and breakdown of events during PCP STEMI bypass?What did this study find?Clinically important events are common in STEMI bypass patients. A smaller proportion of events would be addressed differently by ACP compared to PCP protocols.Why does this study matter to clinicians?This study adds to the evidence that PCP STEMI bypass is safe.
IDENTIFYING THE TEXTUAL SOURCES OF SHI JI: REVIEWING PAST RESEARCH FOR A MORE ENCOMPASSING METHODOLOGY
Authors: McKay Trever 
Published: November 2018

AbstractWhile many aspects of Shi ji authorship are either unknown or speculative, the source texts of Shi ji and Sima Qian's use of them are viable yet underexplored paths to a deeper understanding of this monumental work. From the 1920s to the present, seven scholars from China, Japan, and Taiwan have attempted to ascertain the extent of Sima Qian's textual perusals and adaptations by compiling bibliographies of Shi ji source texts. This article compiles some of their results for comparison and analysis. From this, principles are highlighted for generating a more comprehensive methodology.
Effect of a cod protein hydrolysate on postprandial glucose metabolism in healthy subjects: a double-blind cross-over trial
Authors: Dale Hanna Fjeldheim , Jensen Caroline , Hausken Trygve , Lied Einar , Hatlebakk Jan Gunnar , Brønstad Ingeborg , Lihaug Hoff Dag Arne , Lied Gülen Arslan 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe increased prevalence of lifestyle diseases, such as the metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), calls for more knowledge on dietary treatments targeting the specific metabolic pathways involved in these conditions. Several studies have shown a protein preload before a meal to be effective in lowering the postprandial glycaemic response in healthy individuals and patients with T2DM. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of a marine protein hydrolysate (MPH) from Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) on postprandial glucose metabolism in healthy, middle-aged to elderly subjects. This double-blind cross-over trial (n 41) included two study days with 4–7 d wash-out in between. The intervention consisted of 20 mg of MPH (or casein as control) per kg body weight given before a breakfast meal. The primary outcome was postprandial response in glucose metabolism, measured by samples of serum glucose, insulin and plasma glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) in 20 min intervals for 180 min. In a mixed-model regression analysis, no differences were observed between MPH and control for postprandial glucose concentration (mean difference: −0·04 (95 % CI –0·17, 0·09) mmol/l; P = 0·573) or GLP-1 concentration (mean difference between geometric means: 1·02 (95 % CI 0·99, 1·06) pmol/l; P = 0·250). The postprandial insulin concentration was significantly lower after MPH compared with control (mean difference between geometric means: 1·067 (95 % CI 1·01, 1·13) mIU/l; P = 0·032). Our findings demonstrate that a single dose of MPH before a breakfast meal reduces postprandial insulin secretion, without affecting blood glucose response or GLP-1 levels, in healthy individuals. Further studies with repeated dosing and in target groups with abnormal glucose control are warranted.
A correlation between GALEX FUV magnitude and chromospheric activity among red giant stars
Authors: Smith Graeme H. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIt is shown that upon combining GALEX far-ultraviolet and Johnson B magnitudes a resultant FUV–B colour can be obtained that for red giant stars of luminosity classes III and II correlates well with chromospheric emission in the cores of the Mg iih and k lines. Giant stars throughout the colour range 0.8 ≤ B – V ≤ 1.6 exhibit such a phenomenon. The main result of this paper is to show that GALEX far-ultraviolet photometry can provide information about the degree of chromospheric activity among red giant stars, and as such may offer a tool for surveying the evolution of chromospheric activity from the main sequence into the red giant phases of stellar evolution.
Jericho and the Chronology of Palestine in the Early Bronze Age: a Radiometric Re-Assessment
Authors: Nigro Lorenzo , Calcagnile Lucio , Yasin Jehad , Gallo Elisabetta , Quarta Gianluca 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTThe absolute chronology of Early Bronze Age in the Levant has been the object of a major revision (Regev et al. 2012a), which implied an increase of at least two centuries in respect of traditional chronology. Such a shift back was based upon two sites (Tel Yarmouth, Megiddo) which were the backbone of the “reform,” but actually do not offer complete sequences for the whole EBA. This was the weakest stone of the revision, together with a partial understanding of stratigraphy/contexts from where samples were taken. Tell es-Sultan/Jericho in Palestine was included in this study, as this prominent archaeological site provided well stratified14C dates for EBA. Its stratigraphy, established by Kathleen M. Kenyon in the 1950s, was reappraised by the Sapienza University of Rome–Palestinian MOTA-DACH joint Expedition (1997–2018). Published14C dates were reanalyzed along with new samples from carefully stratified and published archaeological contexts, measured by the CEDAD Laboratory (University of Salento, Lecce, Italy). They provided absolute dates connected with stratigraphy useful to double-check the proposed High Chronology. EBA stratigraphic periodization at Jericho suggests a more cautious approach and keeps a multi-based chronology more consistent with a comprehensive historical reconstruction of the Early Bronze Age in Syria-Palestine and Egypt.
The effect of maternal iron deficiency on zinc and copper levels and on genes of zinc and copper metabolism during pregnancy in the rat
Authors: Cottin Sarah C. , Roussel Guenievre , Gambling Lorraine , Hayes Helen E. , Currie Valerie J. , McArdle Harry J. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractFe deficiency is relatively common in pregnancy and has both short- and long-term consequences. However, little is known about the effect on the metabolism of other micronutrients. A total of fifty-four female rats were fed control (50 mg Fe/kg) or Fe-deficient diets (7·5 mg/kg) before and during pregnancy. Maternal liver, placenta and fetal liver were collected at day 21 of pregnancy for Cu and Zn analysis and to measure expression of the major genes of Cu and Zn metabolism. Cu levels increased in the maternal liver (P=0·002) and placenta (P=0·018) of Fe-deficient rats. Zn increased (P<0·0001) and Cu decreased (P=0·006) in the fetal liver. Hepatic expression of the Cu chaperones antioxidant 1 Cu chaperone (P=0·042) and cytochrome c oxidase Cu chaperone (COX17, P=0·020) decreased in the Fe-deficient dams, while the expression of the genes of Zn metabolism was unaltered. In the placenta, Fe deficiency reduced the expression of the chaperone for superoxide dismutase 1, Cu chaperone for superoxide dismutase (P=0·030), ceruloplasmin (P=0·042) and Zn transport genes, ZRT/IRT-like protein 4 (ZIP4, P=0·047) and Zn transporter 1 (ZnT1, P=0·012). In fetal liver, Fe deficiency increased COX17 (P=0·020), ZRT/IRT-like protein 14 (P=0·036) and ZnT1 (P=0·0003) and decreased ZIP4 (P=0·004). The results demonstrate that Fe deficiency during pregnancy has opposite effects on Cu and Zn levels in the fetal liver. This may, in turn, alter metabolism of these nutrients, with consequences for development in the fetus and the neonate.
NEW LIFE IN THE MODERN CULTURAL HISTORY OF DEATH
Authors: MALONE HANNAH 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThis essay presents a critical overview of recent literature in English on the modern cultural history of death. In order to locate new developments, it charts the evolution of the field from the 1970s until today and distinguishes between French and Anglophone strands in the historiography. A selection of studies published between 2005 and 2015 exemplifies a revival in recent scholarship that hangs on four main innovations: the abandonment of grand narratives of modernization and secularization; an interdisciplinary integration of political, cultural, and intellectual history; greater attention to the individual; and the expansion of the field beyond Europe and North America. Thus, today, the history of death is both local and global, public and private, personal and universal.
Continuity of genetic and environmental influences on clinically assessed major depression from ages 18 to 45
Authors: Torvik Fartein Ask , Gustavson Kristin , Ystrom Eivind , Rosenström Tom H. , Gillespie Nathan , Reichborn-Kjennerud Ted , Kendler Kenneth S. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackgroundStudies on the stability of genetic risk for depression have relied on self-reported symptoms rather than diagnoses and/or short follow-up time. Our aim is to determine to what degree genetic and environmental influences on clinically assessed major depressive disorder (MDD) are stable between age 18 and 45.MethodsA population-based sample of 11 727 twins (6875 women) born between 1967 and 1991 was followed from 2006 to 2015 in health registry data from primary care that included diagnoses provided by treating physicians. Individuals with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder (n = 163) were excluded. We modelled genetic and environmental risk factors for MDD in an accelerated longitudinal design.ResultsThe best-fitting model indicated that genetic influences on MDD were completely stable from ages 18 to 45 and explained 38% of the variance. At each age, the environmental risk of MDD was determined by the risk at the preceding observation, plus new environmental risk, with an environmental correlation of +0.60 over 2 years. The model indicated no effects of shared environment and no environmental effects stable throughout the observational period. All long-term stability was therefore explained by genetic factors.ConclusionsDifferent processes unfolded in the genetic and environmental risk for MDD. The genetic component is stable from later adolescence to middle adulthood and accounted for nearly all long-term stability. Therefore, molecular genetic studies can use age-heterogenous samples when investigating genetic risk variants of MDD. Environmental risk factors were stable over a short span of years with associations rapidly decreasing and no evidence of permanent environmental scarring.
Aeschylus Agamemnon 104–05, Homer and the Epic Tradition: A New Survey
Authors: Rodighiero Andrea 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThis article is a discussion and analysis of Aeschylus Agamemnon 104–05, with special reference to the epic models operating behind the typically Homeric enjambement ἀνδρῶν / ἐκτελέων. The ἄνδρες should be understood as the Argive heroes of the expedition against Troy, and not as the sons of Atreus, Agamemnon and Menelaus. This interpretation is supported by a number of examples taken from Archaic and Hellenistic epic poems.
Adjusting Words to Music: Prolongating Syllables and the Example of ‘Dactylo-Epitrite’
Authors: Hagel Stefan 
Published: November 2018

AbstractComparison between an original ancient composition and modern supplements shows that the ancient poetcomposer paid attention to sub-metrical parameters defining the suitability of a metrically long syllable for extended voiced performance. This criterion is explored as a potential guide to overlong syllables, developing a statistical method including thoroughly calculated weighted expectations. The method is then applied to Pindar's dactylo-epitritic Epinicia, where the rhythmical time of ‘missing link syllables’ is shown to have been incorporated within the preceding syllable. The notation and the rhythm of dactylo-epitrites are discussed in detail.
When All Parties Nominate Women: The Role of Political Gender Stereotypes in Voters’ Choices
Authors: Lefkofridi Zoe , Giger Nathalie , Holli Anne Maria 
Published: November 2018

AbstractDo political gender stereotypes exist in egalitarian settings in which all parties nominate women? Do they matter for candidate selection in systems of proportional representation with multiparty competition and preferential voting? To date, these questions remain unanswered because related research is limited to the U.S. case. Our pioneering study examines political stereotypes in one of the “least likely” cases, Finland—a global forerunner in gender equality. We find, first, that stereotypes persist even in egalitarian paradises. Second, when testing across settings of candidate choice, we find that the effect varies greatly: political gender stereotypes are powerful in hypothetical choices, but they work neither in favor of nor against female candidates when many “real,” viable, experienced, and incumbent female candidates are competing. Although in open-list systems with preferential voting, gender stereotypes can directly affect female candidates’ electoral success, in Finland, their actual impact in real legislative elections appears marginal.
Differential Fractionation of Rhyolites During the Course of Crustal Extension, Western Afar (Ethiopian Rift)
Authors: Ayalew Dereje , Pik Raphaël , Bellahsen Nicolas , France Lydéric , Yirgu Gezahegn 
Published: November 2018

AbstractWe report field observation, age, chemical (major and trace elements), and isotope (Sr‐Nd‐Pb) data for felsic volcanic rocks from Central Afar and adjacent western margin. Investigated volcanic rocks are dominantly rhyolites with minor trachytes, and they are geochemically similar. Their ages range from ~30 Ma (prerift stage), ~20 Ma (early synrift), ~8–4 Ma (main thinning event) to ~2.5–0.1 Ma (late synrift/continental breakup), representing the entire volcanic‐tectonic events that occurred episodically. Major element variations are consistent with fractionation of gabbroic cumulates. Trace element and isotope data preclude an origin by crustal anatexis; the rhyolites are rather genetically linked to the associated basalts and variously contaminated by the crust during differentiation of magmas. Chemical and isotopic data of the rhyolites support an origin by open system differentiation at deep crustal levels (hot wall rock and high r = rate of assimilation/rate of crystallization) and shallow crustal levels (cold wall rock and low r) with a change in the composition of the assimilated material from lower crustal to upper crustal type. Assimilation appears to decrease in recent times with Quaternary rhyolites, emplaced nearby the active magmatic segments in Afar, which exhibit the isotopic compositions closest to original mantle signature. This is compatible with a crust below the active magmatic segments resulting from important addition of juvenile basic magmas. Such results and interpretations provide actual constrains to suggest that the present‐day stage is probably very close to continental breakup, which will be achieved once the continental crust will be entirely replaced by new magmatic crust.
Promises in Air‐Sea Fully Coupled Data Assimilation for Future Hurricane Prediction
Authors: Zhang Fuqing , Emanuel Kerry 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe recent article by Li and Toumi (2018, https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL079677) published in Geophysical Research Letters explored the potential for improving tropical cyclone intensity forecasts by assimilating synthetic coastal surface currents from high‐frequency radar observations. Although it is an idealized study using simulated observations, this may signal the beginning of a new frontier in future hurricane prediction through ingesting in situ and remotely sensed observations of oceanic currents into fully coupled systems. Assimilation of oceanic observations can improve not only the state estimation of both oceanic and atmospheric variables but it also has the potential to better estimate uncertain model physics' parameters such as the air‐sea exchange coefficients.
Interhemispheric Synchronization Between the AO and the AAO
Authors: Tachibana Y. , Inoue Y. , Komatsu K. K. , Nakamura T. , Honda M. , Ogata K. , Yamazaki K. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractTeleconnections between lower and higher latitude regions are widely known in both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. To broaden our view of these teleconnections, we searched a reanalysis data set for evidence of a teleconnection between the Arctic Oscillation (AO) and the Antarctic Oscillation (AAO), two widely separated circumpolar phenomena. Statistical analysis of the Japanese 55‐year reanalysis data set showed significant in‐phase synchronization between the AO and AAO, particularly in October and February, with a vertical structure extending from the troposphere to the stratosphere. This vertical structure may suggest a stratospheric control, and we did not find a significant signature indicating a tropical ocean control. We also observed decadal‐scale modulation of the synchronicity. Observational evidence implies that the stratospheric meridional circulation may be responsible for AO‐AAO synchronization.
On the Interplay Between Convective Aggregation, Surface Temperature Gradients, and Climate Sensitivity
Authors: Coppin David , Bony Sandrine 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThis study explores the extent to which convective aggregation interacts with sea surface temperature (SST) and affects climate sensitivity. For this purpose, radiative‐convective equilibrium simulations are run with a general circulation model coupled to an ocean mixed layer, and several types of perturbations are imposed to the ocean‐atmosphere system. Convective aggregation turns out to be much more sensitive to temperature in coupled experiments than in prescribed SST experiments. But changes in convective aggregation induced by a doubling of the CO2 concentration are always smaller than changes associated with the transition from a non‐aggregated to an aggregated state. If aggregation changes were acting alone, they would exert a strong negative feedback on global mean surface temperature. However, in a coupled framework, aggregation changes interact with the SST and generate SST gradients that strengthen the positive low‐cloud feedback associated with changes in SST pattern. This overcompensates the negative feedback due to aggregation changes and leads to a larger equilibrium climate sensitivity than in the absence of SST gradients. Although this effect might be model specific, interactions between convective aggregation and the spatial distribution of SST appear crucial to assess the impact of convective aggregation on climate sensitivity.