bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stability Study of Single‐Layer Spherical Shell Roof Under Nonuniformly Distributed Snow Load
Authors: Jianshuo Wang , Tinghao Meng , Zhihua Chen , Haonan Gao , Xiaoyu Guo , Hao Wang 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAfter snowfall, the snow load distribution on building roofs is generally nonuniform, and most cases of large‐span structural collapse are related to nonuniform load. The existing regulations provide limited snow distribution coefficients for different roofs, and with the diversification of building forms, they can no longer meet the current calculation requirements for roof snow loads. This article conducts numerical simulations of wind‐induced snow drift on a spherical shell roof, which rise‐span ratio is 1/5. It is found that the friction velocity of the roof is distributed in a band shape and is higher in the windward direction, whereas the friction velocity on the leeward side is lower, which increases the possibility of snow accumulation. Based on this, a simplified snow load distribution model is proposed to improve the economic efficiency of the project. Based on the above research, the stability analysis of K6 single‐layer Kevitt mesh shell was carried out using ABAQUS finite element software. The results show that under uniformly distributed load conditions, the buckling modes of the structure are symmetrical, whereas under nonuniform snow load conditions, the first mode deforms more on the side with higher load, and the position of structural deformation is closer to the edge; when the snow cover range is the same, the larger the extreme snow load, the more unfavorable it is for structural stability; when the extreme snow load is the same, the smaller the snow coverage, the more unfavorable the initial defect is for structural stability.
Fluorinated‐polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (F‐POSS) functionalized sepiolite nanostructures for developing epoxy nanocomposites with tailored crosslinking, antifouling, and self‐cleaning properties
Authors: Uicich Julieta Fabienne , Penoff Marcela Elisabeth , Montemartini Pablo Ezequiel , Azat Seitkhan , Jouyandeh Maryam , Saeb Mohammad Reza , Vahabi Henri 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDeveloping multifunctional epoxy composites with tailored properties supports energy systems, especially oil and gas industries. We report synthesis of 3D fluorinated‐polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (F‐POSS) nanoparticles (NPs) co‐condensed on the surface of 2D sepiolite (SEP) nanoclays, and dispersed it within an epoxy resin to facilitate curing kinetics of epoxy‐amine system. A catalytic effect was realized, supporting excellent cure index, according to the kinetic models employed. Friedman model suggested double values of activation energy for composites (54.32 KJ/mol for Epoxy/SEP and 50.73 KJ/mol for Epoxy/F‐POSS@SEP) compared to blank (reference) resin (26.12 KJ/mol). Nanostructure of F‐POSS@SEP observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier‐transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, demonstrating co‐condensation of F‐POSS and SEP nanoclays. Nanotribology tests suggested higher surface properties. Hardness of epoxy was 0.373 GPa; when modified with 5 and 10 wt% of F‐POSS@SEP it resulted in 0.41 and 0.38 GPa, respectively. The reduced modulus was 4.53 GPa for epoxy, while 5.1 and 5.0 GPa for 5 and 10 wt% F‐POSS@SEP, respectively. The free surface of composites was studied by SEM and contact angle techniques. F‐POSS/SEP nanostructure populated at air‐free surface, as a consequence of natural migration of fluorine. Contact angle measurements were performed in dynamic tests, showing increased hydrophobicity of thermoset composites, where an outstanding antifouling behavior was correspondingly achieved. Sliding angles diminished from 19.1° for epoxy to 8.1° and 5.0° for 5 and 10 wt.% of F‐POSS@SEP, respectively. Accordingly, fouling of 5 and 10 wt.% F‐POSS@SEP modified composites was 42% lower than that for epoxy. Self‐cleaning resulted 18% and 16% higher for 5 and 10 wt.% F‐POSS@SEP nanocomposites, respectively, compared to epoxy. These results are promising to contribute high‐performance materials for the energy production sector.Highlights
Developed fluorinated polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (F‐POSS)/sepiolite.
Detected catalytic effect of F‐POSS/sepiolite on epoxy‐amine cross‐linking kinetics.
Fouling decreased by 42%, whereas recovery increased 10‐fold by cleaning surface.
Self‐cleaning properties demonstrated by up to 74% reduction in water slip angle.
Potential use in pipelines to prevent paraffin deposits due to antifouling properties.
Gas check prevention during calendering of poly(vinyl chloride) films using poly(caprolactone)‐based additives
Authors: Alvarez Luis F. , Panchal Kushal , Leask Richard L. , Maric Milan , Nicell Jim A. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractGas checks on poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) calendered films are a common but not well understood surface quality defect that causes delays and resource wastage during the manufacturing of plastic sheets and films. Three modified poly(caprolactone) (PCL)‐based additives of differing molecular weights were used as a secondary plasticizer in PVC with the goal of preventing the formation of gas checks without modifying the calendering process conditions. To better understand gas check prevention processes, the effects of the PCL‐based additives on the thermal, mechanical, rheological, and chemical properties of PVC blends were assessed. A high molecular weight (2000 g/mol) PCL‐based additive was unable to prevent gas checks in PVC blends, unlike the lower molecular weight (540 g/mol and 900 g/mol) additives. Chemical and physicochemical properties affect the prevention or reduction of gas checks showing that the acid values and molecular weights of the PCL‐based additives are related to the number of gas checks. In contrast, physical properties, including rheological ones like complex viscosity or the storage and loss moduli that were previously hypothesized to be important factors in preventing gas check formation, were not significantly impacted by the addition of the secondary plasticizer. Furthermore, the acid value was observed to be related to the reduction in gas checks, likely due to the interaction of the dispersed functional acid groups with the entrapped air. Consequently, the effectiveness of the additive in eliminating gas checks declines as the acid value decreases.Highlights
Low concentrations of PCL‐based additives prevent gas checks on PVC films.
They do not significantly affect the physical/mechanical properties of films.
Higher molecular weight additives are beneficial, but only below 2000 g/mol.
The effectiveness of PCL‐based additives increases with acid value.
Long‐term outcomes of active surveillance for low‐risk papillary thyroid carcinoma: Progression patterns and tumor calcification
Authors: Sugitani Iwao , Nagaoka Ryuta , Saitou Marie , Sen Masaomi , Kazusaka Hiroko , Matsui Mami , Abe Takeshi , Ito Ryo , Toda Kazuhisa 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIntroductionActive surveillance (AS) for low‐risk papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is acknowledged as a valid management strategy. While older age is identified as a favorable factor for progression, long‐term evidence is scarce and lifelong monitoring has been deemed essential. This study investigated progression patterns and tumor calcification under long‐term AS and explored the possibility of ending follow‐up.Materials and MethodsA total of 650 patients with low‐risk PTC who chose AS were enrolled. Progression was defined as either tumor enlargement (≥3 mm from initiation) or development of clinically apparent lymph node metastasis.ResultsThe median observation period was 8 years; 45.2% were under surveillance for ≥10 years. Overall, 80 patients (12.3%) exhibited progression. Median age and observation period at the time of progression were 55 and 4 years, respectively. Only 2 patients showed progression after 15 years of follow‐up and 5 patients showed progression after reaching 80 years old. Among 71 patients experiencing tumor enlargement, surgery was performed immediately in 32 patients. The remaining 39 patients continued surveillance, but only 5 demonstrated ongoing enlargement thereafter. Of 40 surgeries due to progression, 36 were conducted within the first 10 years. The degree of calcification correlated with age and observation periods. No progression occurred after the development of rim calcification.ConclusionsProgression during AS was extremely rare in older patients with long‐term surveillance and in tumors with rim calcification. It may be feasible to consider ending scheduled surveillance visits for these patients. Instances of progression halting after enlargement are not uncommon.
Host–Pathogen Interaction Databases: Tools for Rapid Understanding of Microbial Pathogenesis
Authors: Khan Abdul Arif , Wakchoure Pooja , Farooq Fozia , Shiddiky Muhammad J. A. , Jain Sudhir Kumar 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTUnderstanding of microbial pathogenesis has greatly revolutionized after conventional culture‐based techniques are replaced by molecular methods. This technological shift is generating huge host–pathogen interactions (HPIs) data. Moreover, computational predictions of biological interactions are also adding to HPI understanding. Recently, several dedicated databases are developed for exclusively cataloging HPIs. Present article covers about some available HPI databases, types, and evolution of this area, along with recent trends in the application of these databases for biological research. As per the recent understanding in microbial pathogenesis, HPIs are considered highly dynamic in nature with multiple outcomes, which goes beyond simple microbes–disease association. Therefore, careful cataloging of complete information about HPIs can open several avenues to understand microbial pathogenesis considering their multifaceted effects on host system. HPI databases are indispensable tools for understanding microbial pathogenesis, and this article provides comprehensive information about their uses in the field of microbial pathogenesis research.
Subtle signs of atrial cardiomyopathy and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction are associated with reduced cognitive function: results from the Hamburg City Health Study
Authors: Ohlrogge Amelie H. , Camen Stephan , Nagel Lina , Brederecke Jan , Jensen Märit , Stenmans Ewgenia , Engler Daniel , Schulte Christian , Albrecht Jan , Csengeri Dora , Kirchhof Paulus , Cheng Bastian , Petersen Marvin , Mayer Carola , Börschel Christin S. , Wenzel Jan-Per , Blankenberg Stefan , Kühn Simone , Thomalla Götz , Schnabel Renate B. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Atrial fibrillation is associated with cognitive dysfunction. Atrial cardiomyopathy has been correlated with both entities. We aimed to characterize the association of echocardiographic parameters of atrial cardiomyopathy with cognitive function and cerebral changes.

Methods
Participants of the population-based Hamburg City Health Study underwent in-depth transthoracic echocardiography and cognitive function testing, the Animal Naming Test (ANT), the Trail Making Test A (TMT-A) and B (TMT-B), 10-word learning test and cerebral magnetic resonance imaging.

Results
After excluding individuals with stroke or depression, data from 7852 individuals were available. In multi-variable-adjusted regression analyses, the E/e’-ratio was associated with the level of impairment in the ANT (− 0.19 per one standard deviation [SD] increase, 95% confidence interval [CI] − 0.36–[− 0.01]) and the TMT-A (0.01 per one SD increase, 95% CI 0.003–0.020). Left atrial global peak strain was associated with positive performance in the TMT-A and B (-0.01 per one SD increase [95% CI − 0.02–(− 0.002)] and − 0.02 per one SD increase [95% CI − 0.03–(− 0.01)], respectively) and the immediate recall of the 10-word learning test (0.11 per one SD increase, 95% CI 0.02–0.20). The E/e’-ratio was positively associated with the total and periventricular white matter hyperintensity load in age- and sex-adjusted regression analyses though statistical significance was lost after multi-variable adjustment.

Conclusions
Subclinical echocardiographic signs of atrial cardiomyopathy and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction are associated with impaired performance in cognitive tests in the population. Our data provide evidence of the clinically important cardio-cerebral axis, relating cardiac dysfunction with cognitive performance.

Graphical abstract
Clinical evaluation of the PowerGlide Pro midline catheter– dwell time, complications and outcomes for various medications including prostaglandins
Authors: Souri Yaser , Hernandez Cancino Edgar Franklin , Kerndl Hagen , Hyhlik-Duerr Alexander , Gosslau Yvonne 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The PowerGlide Pro™ Midline Catheter is a peripheral venous access device with a length of 8–10 cm, allowing the tip to reach far into the venous system. The aim of this study was to evaluate the dwell time of the catheter. Secondary endpoints included suitability for specific medications (e.g. prostaglandins) and assessment of complications.

Methods
Between January 2019 and November 2021, 50 patients were included in the study. Data on patient demographics, placement characteristics, complications and reasons for removal, were collected.

Results
Placement was technically successful in 92% (n = 46) of cases. In all cases, veins of the upper extremity were punctured (34 basilic veins, 7 brachial veins, 6 cephalic veins, and 3 median cubital veins). The average dwell time was 6.1 days (1–17 days). A significant difference between duration and medication administered could not be demonstrated.

Conclusions
The longer maximum dwell time compared to a standard peripheral venous catheter makes it particularly suitable for intravenous therapy for more than 7 days or patients who have poor peripheral vein status.
A head-mounted Tilted Reality Device for the treatment of pusher syndrome: a usability study in healthy young and older adults
Authors: Wöhrstein Sofia , Bressler Michael , Röhrig Lisa , Prahm Cosima , Karnath Hans-Otto 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Pusher syndrome is a disorder of postural control after stroke. Patients show a mismatch in their perception of (almost preserved) visual and (pathologically tilted) postural verticality. In order to reduce this mismatch, we developed a novel head-mounted Tilted Reality Device (TRD). It presents patients visual footage of their actual surroundings but tilted to one side rather than upright. We investigated its usability and possible limitations in its use for the treatment of pusher patients in two samples of healthy participants with an average age of 26.4 years and 63.9 years respectively. Individuals from both age groups showed similar levels of tolerance to prolonged exposure to the tilted visual environment for an average of 40.4 min while walking around in the hospital. The TRD was found to be comfortable and not frustrating whilst wearing, but somewhat challenging in terms of technical handling, particularly for older participants. At the end of the maximally tolerated exposure time participants of both groups experienced some feelings of discomfort, like dizziness or increased stomach awareness, which disappeared rapidly after terminating TRD exposure. Our TRD appears to be a practical device especially for an older population, like pusher patients. While users must be aware of the possibility of side effects, these should be balanced against the benefits of future use for rehabilitation purposes.
Quantitative analysis of green investments in European automotive companies: a digital reporting analysis
Authors: Tóth Árpád , Suta Alex , Szauter Ferenc , Lukács Eszter 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAutomotive companies are a major driver of the economy due to their high production volumes and extensive supply networks. However, the shift towards focusing on Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) aspects to comply with regulatory constraints and meet shareholder expectations presents significant challenges. This study addresses the need for transparency in green investments and their impact on CO2 emissions within the automotive sector. To achieve this, a sample of 22 listed European automotive companies were selected based on their digital financial reports (XBRL), as well as their annual sustainability reports. Key variables, including Scope 1, Scope 2, and Scope 3 emissions, were evaluated alongside three categories of corporate investments: tangible, intangible, and other long-term assets. A robust Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) model was employed to quantify the relationship between these investment activities and emissions. The results indicate a significant interaction effect on Scope 1 emissions, while the effects on Scope 2 emissions were not significant and Scope 3 emissions showed marginal results. These findings suggest that companies disclose green investments to mitigate reputational risks, offering insights into the relationship between financial and sustainability metrics in ESG reporting, while highlighting the importance of transparent reporting for achieving sustainability goals and enhancing comparability among companies.
Graphical abstract
Optimizing urban bike-sharing systems: a stochastic mathematical model for infrastructure planning
Authors: Ahmadi Seyedeh Asra , Ghasemi Peiman , Ehmke Jan Fabian 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis paper addresses the optimization of resource allocation and infrastructure planning in bike-sharing systems, particularly inspired by dynamic demand patterns as observed during the COVID-19 pandemic. We introduce a stochastic mathematical model that considers varying demand scenarios to enhance system performance and resource utilization. The research objectives are to fulfill the total travel demand across scenarios and compute the network's capacity to satisfy demand, thereby enhancing the system's efficiency and meeting users' diverse travel needs. The main contributions of this paper include presenting a stochastic mathematical model for bike-sharing station allocation and path network design, which optimizes resource allocation and infrastructure planning. Through a case study on the Vienna bike-sharing system, the model demonstrates practical applicability and effectiveness, offering insights for improving efficiency and service quality. The sensitivity analysis reveals that as costs for bicycle docks and station building increase, fulfilled demand decreases, emphasizing the crucial role of cost management in meeting demand efficiently.
ETTrack: enhanced temporal motion predictor for multi-object tracking
Authors: Han Xudong , Oishi Nobuyuki , Tian Yueying , Ucurum Elif , Young Rupert , Chatwin Chris , Birch Philip 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMany Multi-Object Tracking (MOT) approaches exploit motion information to associate all the detected objects across frames. However, traditional tracking-by-detection (TBD) methods, relying on the Kalman Filter, often work well in linear motion scenarios but struggle to accurately predict the locations of objects undergoing complex and non-linear movements. To overcome these limitations, we propose ETTrack, a novel motion prediction method with an enhanced temporal motion predictor. Specifically, the motion predictor integrates a transformer model and a Temporal Convolutional Network (TCN) to capture both long-term and short-term motion patterns, and it predicts the future motion of individual objects based on the historical motion information. Additionally, we propose a novel Momentum Correction Loss function that provides additional information regarding the motion direction of objects during training. This allows the motion predictor to rapidly adapt to sudden motion variations and more accurately predict future motion. Our experimental results demonstrate that ETTrack achieves a competitive performance compared with state-of-the-art trackers on DanceTrack and SportsMOT, scoring 56.4$$\%$$
%
and 74.4$$\%$$
%
in HOTA metrics, respectively. Our work provides a robust solution for MOT in complex dynamic environments, which enhances the non-linear motion prediction capabilities of tracking algorithms.
The Effects of Parliamentary Debate as a Pedagogy for Argumentation in L1 and L2 Contexts
Authors: Jodoi Kota 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDebates have long been an effective educational method in various fields, including argumentation education. In debates in which participants are divided into affirmative and negative sides, engagement in argumentation is heightened. Numerous studies have attempted to demonstrate this, but the question of whether participation in debates leads to increased argumentativeness, or whether individuals who engage in debates inherently have a higher orientation towards argumentation, remains unresolved. In the present study, debates were conducted for 15 weeks, and argumentativeness was measured using pre-and post-tests. The results confirmed that debate participation increases argumentativeness. Furthermore, while previous research has mostly focused on argumentativeness in the first language, the present study deepens the relationship between argumentativeness in both first and second languages. Specifically, focusing on Japan, where the first language (Japanese) is high-context and the second language (English) is low-context, this research clarifies the relationship between argumentativeness in the first and second languages, as well as the impact of debate.
How do attached crown parts and branches contribute to the diversity of saproxylic fungi and beetles in downed and decaying spruce trees?
Authors: Korhonen Aku , Siitonen Juha , Hamberg Leena 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
A significant proportion of forest-dwelling species in boreal forests are saproxylic, i.e., dependent on deadwood. To safeguard deadwood-associated diversity in managed forest landscapes, it is important to understand how substrate preferences and specialization structure saproxylic species communities across different deadwood resource types. In this study, we investigated the diversity and associations of saproxylic fungi and beetles at the scale of entire trees to understand how different tree parts contribute to species diversity. To do this, we sampled species assemblages in trunks (d > 15 cm), tops (d 5–10 cm) and branches (d < 5 cm) of 31 fallen Norway spruce trees. Fungal assemblages were investigated with DNA metabarcoding from wood samples, and beetles were surveyed by bark peeling and sieving. Our results showed that, fungal and beetle assemblages were clearly differentiated between trunks and branches. In the tops, fungal community composition was intermediate between trunks and branches, whereas beetle species composition was more closely aligned with trunks. Trunks and branches both harbored specialized fungal and beetle species, but no species were identified as specialists of tops. Fungal and beetle richness were lowest in branches, and fungal richness peaked in tops. Substrate specialization of saproxylic species at the scale of individual trees imply that deadwood restoration in managed forests should prioritize whole-tree retention instead of partial retention such as artificial high stumps or pruned logs.