bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of BCR-ABL1 Fusion Transcripts and Their Association with Response to Imatinib Treatment in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Patients
Authors: Kagita Sailaja , Mamidi Tulasi Krishna , Digumarti Leela , Gundeti Sadasivudu , Digumarti Raghunadharao 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Objectives:
BCR-ABL1 fusion transcripts with contrasting data on response to imatinib therapy have been reported from different parts of the world. Hence, the present study aimed to determine the frequencies of transcripts and their association with response to imatinib therapy in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients. Methods: A total of 170 (76 follow-up and 94 imatinib-resistant) CML samples were included in the study. BCR-ABL1 fusion transcripts and expression status were analyzed in all cases using multiplex reverse transcriptase PCyR and real-time PCyR. Sanger sequencing was used for tyrosine kinase domain (TKD) mutation screening in imatinib mesylate-resistant patients. Results: Of 170 CML patients, 36.36% showed b2a2, 63.53% had b3a2, and 2.94% had b2a2 + b3a2 isoforms. Mean platelet counts and blasts were significantly lower in b2a2 carriers (P = 0.0092; P ≤ 0.0001). Patients with b2a2 transcript were found to be more in responders group (both hematological and cytogenetic), whereas b3a2 patients were more in partial responders group and death (P = 0.763; P = 0.309). In follow-up patients, mean baseline BCR-ABL1 expression levels are significantly higher in b2a2 versus b3a2 carriers (P = 0.0351). Of 94 imatinib-resistant patients, 36 (38.29%) had acquired TKD mutations. Among 36 patients, mean BCR-ABL1 levels are significantly higher in b2a2 and b2a2 + b3a2 group (P = 0.0002; P ≤ 0.0001). TKD mutation frequency was more in b3a2 (61.11%) compared to other types. With respect to follow-up status in 36 patients, 17 patients died while 19 were on imatinib higher doses or 2nd-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Of 17 patients, 41.66% had b2a2 transcript and 54.54% had b3a2 transcript. Conclusion: Patients with b3a2 transcripts might be associated with poor response and worse prognosis in CML with imatinib treatment.
High-resolution digital mapping of soil organic carbon in permafrost terrain using machine learning: a case study in a sub-Arctic peatland environment
Authors: Siewert Matthias B. 
Published: March 2018

Abstract. Soil organic carbon (SOC) stored in northern peatlands and permafrost-affected soils are key components in the global carbon cycle. This article quantifies SOC stocks in a sub-Arctic mountainous peatland environment in the discontinuous permafrost zone in Abisko, northern Sweden. Four machine-learning techniques are evaluated for SOC quantification: multiple linear regression, artificial neural networks, support vector machine and random forest. The random forest model performed best and was used to predict SOC for several depth increments at a spatial resolution of 1 m (1×1 m). A high-resolution (1 m) land cover classification generated for this study is the most relevant predictive variable. The landscape mean SOC storage (0–150 cm) is estimated to be 8.3 ± 8.0 kg C m−2 and the SOC stored in the top meter (0–100 cm) to be 7.7 ± 6.2 kg C m−2. The predictive modeling highlights the relative importance of wetland areas and in particular peat plateaus for the landscape's SOC storage. The total SOC was also predicted at reduced spatial resolutions of 2, 10, 30, 100, 250 and 1000 m and shows a significant drop in land cover class detail and a tendency to underestimate the SOC at resolutions  >  30 m. This is associated with the occurrence of many small-scale wetlands forming local hot-spots of SOC storage that are omitted at coarse resolutions. Sharp transitions in SOC storage associated with land cover and permafrost distribution are the most challenging methodological aspect. However, in this study, at local, regional and circum-Arctic scales, the main factor limiting robust SOC mapping efforts is the scarcity of soil pedon data from across the entire environmental space. For the Abisko region, past SOC and permafrost dynamics indicate that most of the SOC is barely 2000 years old and very dynamic. Future research needs to investigate the geomorphic response of permafrost degradation and the fate of SOC across all landscape compartments in post-permafrost landscapes.
Colluvial deposits as a possible weathering reservoir in uplifting mountains
Authors: Carretier Sébastien , Goddéris Yves , Martinez Javier , Reich Martin , Martinod Pierre 
Published: March 2018

Abstract. The role of mountain uplift in the evolution of the global climate
over geological times is controversial. At the heart of this debate
is the capacity of rapid denudation to drive silicate weathering,
which consumes CO2. Here we present the results of a 3-D
model that couples erosion and weathering during mountain uplift, in
which, for the first time, the weathered material is traced during
its stochastic transport from the hillslopes to the mountain
outlet. To explore the response of weathering fluxes to
progressively cooler and drier climatic conditions, we run model
simulations accounting for a decrease in temperature with or without
modifications in the rainfall pattern based on a simple orographic
model. At this stage, the model does not simulate the deep water
circulation, the precipitation of secondary minerals, variations in
the pH, below-ground pCO2, and the chemical affinity of the
water in contact with minerals. Consequently, the predicted silicate
weathering fluxes probably represent a maximum, although the
predicted silicate weathering rates are within the range of silicate
and total weathering rates estimated from field data. In all cases,
the erosion rate increases during mountain uplift, which thins the
regolith and produces a hump in the weathering rate evolution. This
model thus predicts that the weathering outflux reaches a peak and
then falls, consistent with predictions of previous 1-D models. By
tracking the pathways of particles, the model can also consider how
lateral river erosion drives mass wasting and the temporary storage
of colluvial deposits on the valley sides. This reservoir is
comprised of fresh material that has a residence time ranging from
several years up to several thousand years. During this period, the
weathering of colluvium appears to sustain the mountain weathering
flux. The relative weathering contribution of colluvium depends on
the area covered by regolith on the hillslopes. For mountains
sparsely covered by regolith during cold periods, colluvium produces
most of the simulated weathering flux for a large range of erosion
parameters and precipitation rate patterns. In addition to other
reservoirs such as deep fractured bedrock, colluvial deposits may
help to maintain a substantial and constant weathering flux in
rapidly uplifting mountains during cooling periods.
Māori oral histories and the impact of tsunamis in Aotearoa-New Zealand
Authors: King Darren N. , Shaw Wendy S. , Meihana Peter N. , Goff James R. 
Published: March 2018

Abstract. Māori oral histories from the northern South Island of Aotearoa-New Zealand provide details of ancestral experience with tsunami(s) on, and surrounding, Rangitoto (D'Urville Island). Applying an inductive-based methodology informed by collaborative storytelling, exchanges with key informants from the Māori kin groups of Ngāti Koata and Ngāti Kuia reveal that a folk tale, published in 1907, could be compared to and combined with active oral histories to provide insights into past catastrophic saltwater inundations. Such histories reference multiple layers of experience and meaning, from memorials to ancestral figures and their accomplishments to claims about place, authority and knowledge. Members of Ngāti Koata and Ngāti Kuia, who permitted us to record some of their histories, share the view that there are multiple benefits to be gained by learning from differences in knowledge, practice and belief. This work adds to scientific as well as Maōri understandings about tsunami hazards (and histories). It also demonstrates that to engage with Māori oral histories (and the people who genealogically link to such stories) requires close attention to a politics of representation, in both past recordings and current ways of retelling, as well as sensitivities to the production of new and plural knowledges. This paper makes these narratives available to a new audience, including those families who no longer have access to them, and recites these in ways that might encourage plural knowledge development and co-existence.
From Harlem to the “Hoamatlond”: Hip-Hop, Malcolm X, and Muslim Activism in Austria
Authors: Hafez Farid 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
This article analyzes how hip-hop as a social movement influenced youth with a Muslim religious background in Austria. The study examines the influence of African American activist Malcolm X, a central figure in hip-hop culture, on young people in Austria in the 1990s, and specifically his influence on the Islamic Group of Upper Austria (IG OÖ), a social-movement organization founded in 1995. The article also explores what meaning hip-hop and Malcolm X had in the genesis of this group, focusing on syncretic identity construction and how youth from different contexts utilized hip-hop and Malcolm X's legacy to give meaning and mobility to their lives. The fusion of religion and youth culture created an alternative culture as an expression of protest against a hegemonic lifestyle and is interpreted as a struggle for recognition. Seven narrative interviews help analyze this never-before-documented history.
Content Analysis of an Open Online Forum for Band Directors
Authors: Millican J. Si 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Music teacher concerns have been described using case studies, surveys, and mixed methods, but no research exists that compares music teachers’ online interactions with professional development offerings or how these online discussions may evolve over the school year. I used a content analysis approach (Neuendorf, 2002) to describe 6,430 topics in an online open discussion forum for band directors and the professional development sessions (N = 215) offered by one state’s music educators’ association and bandmasters’ association in 1 calendar year. Music repertoire, employment, festival rules and procedures, program administration, and work environment were chief conversation topics for this group of directors. Directors of beginning bands had specialized conversations differing from their peers. As directors moved through the calendar year, their top concerns evolved from music repertoire to festival rules, employment, and program administration. Professional development sessions mostly involved ensemble or individual pedagogy and program administration.
Challenging the Iconography of Oppression in Marketing: Confronting Speciesism Through Art and Visual Culture
Authors: Cronin J. Keri , Kramer Lisa A. 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Visual culture has normalized systemic and institutional cruelty toward animals in North America through an iconography of oppression. Certain kinds of images that sanitize and celebrate the consumption of animal bodies through our contemporary food systems are constantly repeated through marketing channels. In doing so, they help us to avoid addressing the very ethical questions at the heart of these practices. In contrast to this, a number of contemporary artists have relied on visual culture to disrupt this pattern of representation and to challenge the status quo. The following discussion explores some recent attempts to reimagine human–animal relationships in nonspeciesist terms through imagery and artistic practice.
On Ascribing Personhood to All Primates
Authors: Donnellan Laura 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Although not explicitly stated, Nobert Elias’s Civilizing Process provides a theoretical framework for Prolegomenon Toward a Primate Rights Bill. The core tenets of Elias’s work, including interdependency, habitus, and privatization, are common threads throughout the book. The book depicts a utopian ideal whereby the transformation in societal attitudes to nonhuman primates reaches a level wherein all primates come within the protection of the law. This will require the metamorphosis of attitudes (changes in norms and behavior and recognition of sentience) and approaches, including state involvement and intervention, in order to ensure the proposed bill of rights is enforced. Whether this will continue as an ideal or, in the future, form the basis of federal legislation akin to the European Convention on Human Rights or the Universal Declaration of Human Rights remains to be seen; nevertheless, the book raises some compelling arguments.
“And That’s Why You Always Leave a Note!”: Music as Comedic Element in the First Season of the Television Show Arrested Development
Authors: Christiansen Paul 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
This article explores the underexamined role of music in the American situation comedy Arrested Development. Encompassing the entire first season, analysis concentrates on musical tropes contributing meaning to visual or dialogic elements to create a comedic whole.
Music, whether newly composed or pre-existing, has a number of specific comedic functions in the show. It can portray funny characters, Orientalize places and concepts, lampoon serious situations, comment on action like a Greek chorus, allude to cultural phenomena, and even reach outside a scene to remark meta-comically. Discussion of cues is thus divided into six categories of musical humor: rendering characters’ musical personalities, comic Othering, comic seriousness, snarky commentary with pop-song lyrics, hidden cultural references, and ambiguity between diegetic and nondiegetic music. Categories presented here are not meant to seem exhaustive or mutually exclusive; another author would opt for a different taxonomy. Nevertheless, any other taxonomy would have to reflect multiple concrete comic functions beyond merely setting moods or providing scene transitions.
The complexity of visual and textual humor is matched by an equally rich and textured musical world. The fact that this is a recorded television comedy that can be played over and over again allows for incredible subtlety and multivalence in the humor. As quirky, unpredictable, and fresh as the other modalities of humor, David Schwartz’s musical impulses, from the subliminal to the ridiculing, are essential to the totality of comedy in Arrested Development and its overall feel. Mitchell Hurwitz’s show would be inconceivable without Schwartz’s idiosyncratic work.
The Reform and Harmonization of Commercial Laws in the East African Community
Authors: Mugasha Agasha 
Published: March 2018

The Reform and Harmonization of Commercial Laws in the East African Community
The partner states in the East African Community (EAC) have modernized their commercial laws to claim their post-colonial identity and facilitate development. While law reform and the harmonization of laws are both methods of shaping laws, the national law reform programmes in the EAC mainly aim to ensure that the laws reflect the domestic socioeconomic circumstances, in contrast to the harmonization of national commercial laws, which focuses on the attainment of economic development. This article observes that the reformed and harmonized commercial laws in the EAC are mainly legal transplants of the principles of transnational commercial law that have been adapted to meet domestic needs and aspirations.
Geloof in de liberale democratie
Authors: ten Napel Hans-Martien 
Published: March 2018

Faith in liberal democracy
The liberal stance regarding religious freedom starts from a particular anthropology, which holds that in order to become fully human citizens must be able to build their lives on the foundations of their religious convictions. This starting point leads to distinctive conceptions of constitutionalism and democracy that make it possible for citizens to keep faith in liberal democracy. The so-called new critics of religious freedom, to the contrary, run the risk of eventually eroding trust in government by putting their substantial ideas of liberal democracy first and demanding of citizens and their organizations to act in conformity with these ideas.
Morphological diagnoses of higher taxa in Ophiuroidea (Echinodermata) in support of a new classification
Authors: O'Hara Timothy D. , Stöhr Sabine , Hugall Andrew F. , Thuy Ben , Martynov Alexander 
Published: March 2018

A new classification of Ophiuroidea, considering family rank and above, is presented. The new family and superfamily taxa in O’Hara et al. (2017) were proposed to ensure a better readability of the new phylogeny but are unavailable under the provisions of the ICZN. Here, the morphological diagnoses to all 33 families and five superfamilies are provided. Ten new families, Ophiosphalmidae fam. nov., Ophiomusaidae fam. nov., Ophiocamacidae fam. nov., Ophiopteridae fam. nov., Clarkcomidae fam. nov., Ophiopezidae fam. nov., Ophiernidae fam. nov., Amphilimnidae fam. nov., Ophiothamnidae fam. nov. and Ophiopholidae fam. nov., are described. The family Ophiobyrsidae Matsumoto, 1915, not yet discovered in the previous publication, is added, based on new molecular data. A new phylogenetic reconstruction is presented. Definitions of difficult-to-apply morphological characters are given.
Effect of Statin Therapy on Survival After Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair: A Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis
Authors: Huang Qun , Yang Han , Lin Qiuning , Hu Ming , Meng Yuanbiao , Qin Xiao 
Published: March 2018

AbstractBackgroundNo consensus exists on the effect of statin therapy on survival after abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repair. The objective of this review was to systematically review the literature to investigate whether statin therapy is associated with improved outcomes after AAA repair.MethodsWe searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library to find relevant randomized controlled trials and cohort studies. Outcomes of interest included long‐term mortality and short‐term mortality and perioperative cardiac complications.ResultsNine cohort studies and one post hoc study of a randomized controlled trial were included, giving a total of 28,496 enrolled patients. Compared with nonusers of statins, statin use was associated with significantly lower long‐term mortality (HR 0.57, 95% CI 0.47–0.69, I2 = 70.1%), short‐term mortality (RR 0.60, 95% CI 0.38–0.98, I2 = 51.7%), and fewer perioperative cardiac complications (RR 0.46, 95% CI 0.26–0.80, I2 = 0%).ConclusionsThe results suggest that statin therapy has beneficial effects on survival after AAA repair and statins should be recommended to patients who will receive open or endovascular AAA repair. However, these findings mainly relied on data from cohort studies, and the high‐quality studies are still needed to further validate our conclusions.
Micro-Tremor Induced Gravity and Seismic Noise Spectra in the Garhwal Himalaya and the Adjoining Regions
Authors: Sathyaseelan Rajesh , Pappachen John P. , Mundepi Anil K. 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT
The characteristic site response spectra of soft sedimentary rocks in the Garhwal Himalaya and a few localities in the adjoining Ganga plain and Himachal Himalaya have been studied through short period passive seismic source experiment using ambient noise data. Along with this, stand-alone temporal gravity data in the Doon valley was also acquired. It has been observed that there exist two extreme frequency bands in the gravity and seismic response spectra of alluvial soft sediments in the Doon valley and the adjoining regions, when it subjected to micro-seismic and gravity-tidal oscillation. The concept of damped harmonic oscillator was used to study the fundamental long period modes in the density driven diffusive fluid flow in the valley alluvial pore spaces, and observed that the flow was continued from minutes to a few days. In this case, apart from the diurnal component, the observed fundamental modes are in the bands from 0.42 to 1.83 days. The characteristic frequencies of seismic response spectra for the fundamental modes of thick soft sediments were also studied using the spectral ratio (HVSR) method of Nakamura. In the Ganga basin, a moderate resonant frequency of 3 Hz is sufficient for thick soft sediment to cause relatively large vertical amplitude, which suggest possibility for sub-surface secondary seismic effects like liquefaction. However, the hard rock terrains in the lesser Himalaya, where only a veneer of soft sediment is present, show relatively high frequency values of 15 to 18 Hz even to produce an H/V amplitude ratio of 1 and 1.7 and hence could be considered as relatively stable.
Biological, environmental and socioeconomic threats to citrus lime production
Authors: Donkersley Philip , Silva Farley W. S. , Carvalho Claudine M. , Al-Sadi Abdullah M. , Elliot Simon L. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractLimes as a fruit crop are of great economic importance, key to Asian and South American cuisines and cultivated in nearly all tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Demand for limes is increasing, driven by World Health Organization recommendations. Pests and pathogens have significantly reduced global productivity, while changes in agronomic techniques aim to alleviate this stress. We present here a holistic examination of the major biotic (pests and pathogens) and abiotic (environment and socioeconomic) factors that presently limit global production of lime. The major producers of limes are India, China and Mexico, while loss of lime production in the United States from 2006 has led many countries in the Western Hemisphere (Mexico, Costa Rica and Brazil) to export primarily to the USA. The most widespread invertebrate pests of lime areToxoptera citricidaandScirtothrips citri. Another insect,Diaphorina citri, vectors both Huanglongbing (HLB) and Witches Broom of Lime, which are particularly destructive diseases. Developing agronomic techniques focus on production of resistant and pathogen-free planting materials and control of insect vectors. HLB infects citrus in nearly all growing regions, and has been particularly devastating in Asian citrus. Meanwhile,Citrus tristeza virushas infected over 100 million citrus trees, mainly in the Americas and Mediterranean. Currently, Witches Broom Disease of Lime is localised to the Middle East, but recently it has been detected in South America. The range of its vectors (D. citriandHishimonus phycitis) further raises concerns about the potential spread of this disease. Abiotic threats to lime production are also a significant concern; key areas of lime production such as Mexico, India and the Middle East suffer from increasing water stress and high soil salinity, which combined with invasive pests and pathogens, may eliminate lime production in these areas. To ensure future security in lime production, policy makers, researchers and growers will need to examine the potential of more resistant lime cultivars and establish novel areas of cultivation.