bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Added sugar intake and its associations with incidence of seven different cardiovascular diseases in 69,705 Swedish men and women
Authors: Janzi Suzanne , González-Padilla Esther , Ramne Stina , Bergwall Sara , Borné Yan , Sonestedt Emily 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionThe adverse health effects of sugar-sweetened beverage intake are well-established, but the implications of overall added sugar intake remain unclear. We investigated the associations between intake of added sugar and various sugar-sweetened foods and beverages and risk of 7 cardiovascular diseases in 69,705 participants aged 45–83 years (47.2% female) from the Swedish Mammography cohort and Cohort of Swedish men.MethodsQuestionnaire-based diet and lifestyle assessments were administered in 1997 and 2009. National registers were used for ascertainment of ischemic stroke (n = 6,912), hemorrhagic stroke (n = 1,664), myocardial infarction (n = 6,635), heart failure (n = 10,090), aortic stenosis (n = 1,872), atrial fibrillation (n = 13,167), and abdominal aortic aneurysm (n = 1,575) until December 31st, 2019. The associations were studied using Cox regression with time-updated exposure and covariate data.ResultsAdded sugar intake was positively associated with ischemic stroke and abdominal aortic aneurysm, although the highest risks of most outcomes were found in the lowest intake category. Positive linear associations were found between toppings intake and abdominal aortic aneurysm, and between sweetened beverage intake and ischemic stroke, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, and abdominal aortic aneurysm. Negative linear associations were found between treats intake (pastries, ice cream, chocolate, and sweets) and all outcomes, and between toppings intake (table sugar, honey, jams, and marmalades) and heart failure and aortic stenosis.DiscussionThe findings suggest that the associations between added sugar intake and cardiovascular diseases vary by disease and source of added sugar. The findings emphasize the adverse health effects of sweetened beverage consumption and indicate higher cardiovascular diseases risks with lower treats intake, which warrants further investigation.
Cluster sets lead to better performance maintenance and minimize training-induced fatigue than traditional sets
Authors: Páez-Maldonado José Antonio , Cornejo-Daza Pedro Jesús , Sánchez-Valdepeñas Juan , Sánchez-Moreno Miguel , Piqueras-Sanchiz Francisco , Ortega-Becerra Manuel , Pareja-Blanco Fernando 
Published: December 2024

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to examine the acute effects on mechanical, neuromuscular, metabolic, and muscle contractile responses to different set configurations in full-squat (SQ).MethodsTwenty-two men performed three SQ sessions that consisted of 3 sets of 12 repetitions with 60% 1RM with 4 minutes inter-set rests: a) traditional set (TS): no rest within the set; b) cluster-6 (CS6): a 30 seconds intraset rest after the 6th repetition of each set; and c) cluster-2 (CS2): a 30 seconds intraset rest every 2 repetitions. Mechanical (i.e., force, velocity, and power) and electromyography (EMG) values were recorded for every repetition. A battery of tests was performed: a) tensiomyography (TMG), b) blood lactate c), countermovement jump (CMJ), d) maximal isometric SQ, and e) performance with the load that resulted in a velocity of 1 m·s−1 at baseline (V1-load). Repeated measured ANOVA analyses were used to compare the 3 protocols.ResultsAs the number of intraset rests increased (TS &lt; CS6 &lt; CS2), mechanical performance was better maintained (p &lt; 0.01) and EMG variables were less altered (p = 0.05). At post, CS2 and CS6 displayed lower lactate concentration, lesser reductions in CMJ height, and smaller alterations in TMG-derived variables than TS (p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionThe introduction of short and frequent intraset rest periods during resistance exercise alleviates training-induced fatigue, resulting in better maintenance of performance. This approach can be applied during the in-season period when minimizing fatigue is a priority.
Metabolomics profiles of the liquid co-culture of Sanghuangporus vaninii and Pleurotus sapidus
Authors: Lu Yuantian , Liu Di 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionFungal secondary metabolites (SMs) have broad application prospects in the food and medicine industries. Co-culturing strategies that simulate natural symbiotic relationships among microorganisms are used to discover and enhance the production of new SMs. We aimed to use the abundant resources of large edible and medicinal fungi to enhance the yield of desired metabolites through co-culture and potentially produce metabolites that cannot be generated in pure cultures.MethodsWe assessed the biomass and intracellular polysaccharide (IPS) content of liquid co-cultures of Sanghuangporus vaninii and Pleurotus sapidus. Subsequently, the effect of the liquid co-culture on fungal intracellular metabolites was studied using UPLC-QTOF.ResultsCo-culturing of S. vaninii with P. sapidus resulted in significantly increased biomass and IPS content; however, P. sapidus had a significant inhibitory effect on the growth of S. vaninii. Metabolomic data further indicated that amino acid, nucleotide, and glycerophospholipid metabolisms were the primary metabolic pathways affected by symbiosis.DiscussionThis study provides insights into fungal interactions and cellular metabolic mechanisms, contributing to the understanding and enhancement of the fungal fermentation potential.
Natural infection of common cranes (Grus grus) with highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 in Serbia
Authors: Djurdjević Biljana , Petrović Tamaš , Gajdov Vladimir , Vidanović Dejan , Vučićević Ivana , Samojlović Milena , Pajić Marko 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionThe late autumn epizootic of the highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) subtype H5N1 in Serbia in 2023 caused massive mortality in the migratory population of common cranes (Grus Grus). This is the first time HPAIV has been identified in the common crane in Serbia, leading to mass mortality of this bird species.MethodsTo understand the pathological impact of HPAIV in cranes, we evaluated the pathological changes in the tissues of common cranes. Additionally, we report genomic characterization of HPAI/H5N1. In total, 14 juvenile common crane carcasses were examined.ResultsInfected birds primarily exhibited neurologic signs, including ataxia and incoordination. Grossly, necrotizing pancreatitis was the most common finding, while microscopic lesions included necrosis, inflammation and hemorrhages in the lungs, spleen, brain, liver and kidneys. Based on RT-PCR, all birds were infected with the HPAI H5N1 virus, as viral RNA was detected in all 14 selected tissues. Genetic analysis revealed that our H5N1 isolate could be grouped with highly pathogenic avian influenza clade 2.3.4.4b, subgroup DA, and is very closely related to the H5N1 strains isolated from the common crane and turkey from Croatia, the common crane from Italy and the Ural owl from Slovakia.DiscussionOur findings showed that common cranes are highly susceptible to natural infection with the HPAI H5N1 virus of clade 2.3.4.4b and may serve as bio-sentinels for the presence of the HPAI virus in wildlife.
Trophic Structure and Isotopic Niche of Invaded Benthic Communities on Tropical Rocky Shores
Authors: Pires-Teixeira Larissa M. , Neres-Lima Vinicius , Barbosa Plínio C. , Creed Joel C. 
Published: December 2024

When a species is introduced in a new location, it is common for it to establish itself when it finds favorable conditions in the receptor community with regard to interspecific interactions with native species. The azooxanthellate corals Tubastraea coccinea and Tubastraea tagusensis are invasive species introduced in the Caribbean Sea, the Gulf of Mexico, and the Brazilian Southwest Atlantic. They are successful competitors for space, have multiple reproductive modes, and have high larval dispersion and recruitment, but studies on food and trophic relationships of the genus Tubastraea are still scarce. In the present study, we used isotopic values of δ13C and δ15N to investigate trophic relationships in rocky shore communities invaded by T. tagusensis and T. coccinea corals under different oceanographic and anthropogenic contexts. Using metrics derived from the isotopic values, we show that invaded communities have a lower degree of trophic diversity, with species characterized by similar trophic ecologies while abiotic factors seem to contribute to the biotic resistance of communities exposed to invasion events. Tubastraea spp. occupy a niche space similar to that occupied by the native community of suspension feeders, sharing resources already consumed by the receptor community, which makes invading corals successful competitors for food.
Efficient User Pairing and Resource Optimization for NOMA-OMA Switching Enabled Dynamic Urban Vehicular Networks
Authors: Balaraman Aravindh , Shioda Shigeo , Kim Yonggang , Kim Yohan , Kim Taewoon 
Published: December 2024

Vehicular communication is revolutionizing transportation by enhancing passenger experience and improving safety through seamless message exchanges with nearby vehicles and roadside units (RSUs). To accommodate the growing number of vehicles in dense urban traffic with limited channel availability, non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is a promising solution due to its ability to improve spectral efficiency by sharing channels among multiple users. However, to completely leverage NOMA on mobile vehicular networks, a chain of operations and resources must be optimized, including vehicle user (VU) and RSU association, channel assignment, and optimal power control. In contrast, traditional orthogonal multiple access (OMA) allocates separate channels to users, simplifying management but falling short in high-density environments. Additionally, enabling NOMA-OMA switching can further enhance the system performance while significantly increasing the complexity of the optimization task. In this study, we propose an optimized framework to jointly utilize the power domain NOMA in a vehicular network, where dynamic NOMA-OMA switching is enabled, by integrating the optimization of vehicle-to-RSU association, channel assignment, NOMA-OMA switching, and transmit power allocation into a single solution. To handle the complexity of these operations, we also propose simplified formulations that make the solution practical for real-time applications. The proposed framework reduces total power consumption by up to 27% compared to Util&LB/opt, improves fairness in user association by 18%, and operates efficiently with minimal computational overhead. These findings highlight the potential of the proposed framework to enhance communication performance in dynamic, densely populated urban environments.
Protective Effects of a Brassica nigra Sprout Hydroalcoholic Extract on Lipid Homeostasis, Hepatotoxicity, and Nephrotoxicity in Cyclophosphamide-Induced Toxicity in Rats
Authors: Barakat Hassan , Aljutaily Thamer , Alkhurayji Raghad I. , Aljumayi Huda , Alhejji Khalid S. , Almutairi Sami O. 
Published: December 2024

Background: Brassica nigra possesses a significant concentration of bioactive compounds and has been demonstrated to have a variety of pharmacological properties, although its sprout has not been extensively studied. Thus, the protective effects of Brassica nigra sprout hydroalcoholic extract (BNSE) on lipid homeostasis, hepatotoxicity, and nephrotoxicity in cyclophosphamide (CYP)-induced toxicity in rats were examined in this study. Methods: Four experimental rat groups (n = 8 for each group) were examined as follows: NR, normal rats that received normal saline by oral gavage daily; CYP, injected with a single dose of CYP at 250 mg kg−1 intraperitoneally (i.p.) and did not receive any treatment, receiving only normal saline by oral gavage daily; CYP + BNSE250, injected with a single dose of CYP at 250 mg kg−1 i.p. and treated with BNSE at 250 mg kg−1 by oral gavage daily for three weeks; and CYP + BNSE500, injected with a single dose of CYP at 250 mg kg−1 i.p. and treated with BNSE at 500 mg kg−1 by oral gavage daily for three weeks. Results: The results indicated a significant increase (p < 0.05) in triglyceride (TG), cholesterol (CHO), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-c) levels in CYP-induced toxicity rats. The administration of BNSE at 250 and 500 mg kg−1 significantly (p < 0.05) attenuated TG, CHO, LDL-c, and VLDL-c at values comparable with the NR group. The most efficient treatment for improving the lipid profile and atherogenicity complication was BNSE at 500 mg kg−1, performing even better than 250 mg kg−1. Administrating BNSE at 250 or 500 mg kg−1 improved the liver’s function in a dose-dependent manner. Comparing the lower dose of 250 mg kg−1 of BNSE with 500 mg kg−1 showed that administrating 250 mg kg−1 attenuated alanine transaminase (ALT) by 28.92%, against 33.36% when 500 mg kg−1 was given. A similar trend was observed in aspartate aminotransferase (AST), where 19.44% was recorded for BNSE at 250 mg kg−1 and 34.93% for BNSE at 500 mg kg−1. Higher efficiency was noticed for BNSE at 250 and 500 mg kg−1 regarding alkaline phosphatase (ALP). An improvement of 38.73% for BNSE at 500 mg kg−1 was shown. The best treatment was BNSE at 500 mg kg−1, as it markedly improved liver function, such as total bilirubin (T.B.), in a dose-dependent manner. The administration of BNSE attenuated the total protein (T.P.), albumin, and globulin levels to be close to or higher than the typical values in NR rats. Conclusions: BNSE might be used for its promising hypolipidemic, hepatoprotective, and nephroprotective potential and to prevent diseases related to oxidative stress. Further research on its application in humans is highly recommended.
Combined Effects of the Pijolavirus UFJF_PfSW6 Phage and Sodium Hypochlorite for Reducing Pseudomonas fluorescens Biofilm
Authors: Mendes Matheus B. , Vidigal Pedro M. P. , Soto Lopez Maryoris E. , Hungaro Humberto M. 
Published: December 2024

Pseudomonas are significant spoilage bacteria in raw milk and dairy products, primarily due to their ability to form biofilms and resist disinfection. This study explored the effects of the UFJF_PfSW6 phage combined with sodium hypochlorite in reducing Pseudomonas fluorescens biofilms on stainless steel at various temperatures and ages. Biofilms were formed using P. fluorescens UFV 041 in UHT milk, incubated at 4 °C and 30 °C for 2 and 7 days. Two lytic phages were compared, with UFJF_PfSW6 showing superior activity, reducing cell counts by 0.8 to 2.0 logs CFU/cm2 depending on conditions. Increasing the contact time of the UFJF_PfSW6 phage from 4 to 8 h did not significantly affect the reduction in mature biofilms. The individual treatments of the phage and sodium hypochlorite (100 mg/L) reduced bacterial counts by 0.9 and 0.6 log CFU/cm2 at 30 °C, and 1.3 and 1.2 log CFU/cm2 at 4 °C, respectively. However, their sequential application achieved greater reductions, reaching 1.3 and 1.8 log CFU/cm2 for biofilms formed at 30 °C and 4 °C, respectively. These findings suggest a promising strategy for controlling P. fluorescens in the food industry. Our findings suggest that the UFJF_PfSW6 phage combined with chlorine improves the removal of P. fluorescens biofilms.
Seasonal Dynamics of Ticks and Tick-Borne Pathogens in Republic of Korea
Authors: Monoldorova Sezim , Lee Sungkyeong , Yun Seungri , Park Sunho , Jeong Jong-Uk , Kim Jiro , Lee In-Yong , Jun Hojong , Park Chan-Ho , Byeon Hyeon-Seop , Han Mina , Youn So-Youn , Cho Yun-Sang , Yun Young-Min , Lee Kwang-Jun , Jeon Bo-Young 
Published: December 2024

Tick-borne diseases are a public health problem and a significant burden on the livestock industry. The seasonal abundance of ticks and tick-borne pathogens strongly correlates with the prevalence of these diseases. To investigate the seasonal variation in ticks and tick-borne pathogens, ticks were collected from Gangwon State, Korea, and the tick-borne pathogens Borrelia, Anaplasma, Babesia, and Theileria were examined. In total, 14,748 ticks were collected, comprising ticks from two genera and three species: Haemaphysalis longicornis, Haemaphysalis flava, and Ixodes nipponensis, with H. longicornis being the predominant species. Of 7445 ticks (455 pools) examined for pathogens, Theileria was detected in 61 pools, whereas Borrelia and Anaplasma were observed in 17 pools. H. longicornis nymphs and adults were collected beginning in April, with nymph numbers peaking in May and June and adult ticks peaking in June and July. In contrast, the larvae were collected in May and peaked in September. Tick-borne pathogens were detected in April, peaking in July and September. Borrelia, the causative agent of Lyme disease, exhibits a temporal association between its detection in ticks and its occurrence in humans. In conclusion, tick-borne diseases seem to be closely linked not only to changes in tick numbers throughout the seasons but also to the seasonal variations of the pathogens within them.
Transcriptome Proffling, Physiological and Biochemical Analyses Reveal Comprehensive Insights into Cadmium Stress in Myricaria laxiflora
Authors: Peng Yang , Yang Yu-Bing , Wang Jing-Cheng , Tian Mao-Yuan , Yuan Xing-Hai , Yang Zhi-Jiang , Zuo You-Wei , Deng Hong-Ping 
Published: December 2024

With the expansion of cities and the development of industries, heavy metal pollution has caused a serious negative impact on the growth and development of animals and plants, which has become a global economic and social problem. Cadmium (Cd) is one of the main heavy metals that threaten the growth and development of plants, and it can lead to the imminent extinction of plants in severe cases. The part of upper reaches of the Yangtze River in China from Yibin to the Three Gorges Reservoir has been contaminated with varying degrees of Cd, and a rare and endangered plant called Myricaria laxiflora also lives in this area. The stress of heavy metal Cd on M. laxiflora populations is still unknown. In this study, we used the seedlings of M. laxiflora as materials, and adopted conventional physiological and biochemical analyses to characterize the morphological and physiological responses of M. laxiflora under different concentrations of Cd, and analyzed its response to Cd stress at the transcriptional level. The results showed that the wild population of M. laxiflora was stressed by the heavy metal Cd. High concentrations of Cd can inhibit the growth of M. laxiflora. M. laxiflora responded to the Cd stress through resistance substances such as malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and phytohormones such as auxin (IAA), gibberellin (GA) and abscisic acid (ABA). Transcriptome analysis was carried out on M. lasiflora seedlings exposed to 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h of Cd stress. Compared with 0 h (control), 2470, 11,707, and 11,733 differential expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, respectively. Among them, the number of down-regulated genes is more than the number of up-regulated genes. Transcriptome analysis showed that the upregulated genes were mainly enriched in MAPK signaling pathway, ethylene-induced pathway, ABA response pathway and other pathways, and the downregulated genes were mainly enriched in photosynthesis related pathways. Cd stress affected photosynthesis of M. laxiflora, and M. laxiflora may activate the MAPK signaling pathway through ethylene and ABA to improve the ability of Cd stress tolerance. These results reveal morphological changes, physiological and biochemical reactions and related key response pathways of M. laxiflora during Cd stress. It can provide a reference basis for habitat restoration and selection of wildlife environments for M. laxiflora.
Hubungan Tingkat Pendidikan dengan Tingkat Pengetahuan tentang Gizi Ibu Hamil
Authors: Martini Sri , Hapsari Wahyu Dewi , Lestari Sri 
Published: December 2024

Latar Belakang: Asupan zat gizi untuk bayi di dalam kandungan berasal dari simpanan zat gizi di dalam tubuh ibunya. Oleh karena itu sangat penting bagi calon ibu hamil mempunyai status gizi yang baik sebelum memasuki kehamilannya, (misalnya tidak kurus, tidak anemia, tidak gemuk), untuk memastikan cadangan zat gizi ibu hamil mencukupi untuk memenuhi kebutuhan janinnya. (Kementrian Kesehatan, 2021). Pendidikan mempengaruhi perubahan pengetahuan, sikap, dan gaya pola hidup dalam pemilihan jenis dan jumlah makanan yang dikonsumsi.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode non eksperimental dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Analisis yag digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah uji Kendall Tau. Populasi dalam penelitian ini sejumlah 87 responden. Sedangkan sampel yang digunakan adalah 71 responden.Hasil: Hasil uji Kendall Tau diperoleh nilai ? value 0,000 < 0,001 Ha diterima dan H0 ditolak artinya terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara tingkat pendidikan dengan tingkat pengetahuan tentang gizi ibu hamil.Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara tingkat pendidikan dengan tingkat pengetahuan tentang gizi ibu hamil. Kata Kunci : tingkat pendidikan, tingkat pengetahuan, gizi ibu hamil
PENGEMBANGAN MODUL BAHASA INDONESIA BERBASIS THINK TALK WRITE DI SEKOLAH MENENGAH ATAS
Authors: Zai Yarniman , Bawamenewi Arozatulo 
Published: December 2024

Pembelajaran adalah proses siswa menerima pengalaman-pengalaman baru serta pengetahuan yang baru. Proses pembelajaran merupakan interaksi antara guru dan peserta didik dan komunikasi timbal balik yang berlangsung dalam situasi edukatif untuk mencapai tujuan belajar. Di SMA Negeri 2 Lolofitu Moi masih didominasi oleh guru dengan metode ceramah serta berpedoman pada buku paket. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah agar peserta didik dapat belajar dengan mandiri dan bisa memahami materi dengan cepat karena modul memuat materi dengan ringkas, praktis dan modul dilengkapi dengan petunjuk untuk belajar sendiri. Pengembangan modul bahan ajar berbasis think talk write pada materi resensi telah berhasil disusun menggunakan model pengembangan 4D dengan 4 langkah yaitu: tahap define (pendefinisian), design (perangcangan), develop (pengembangan) dan desseminate (penyebaran). Hasil penilaian kelayakan modul bahan ajar berbasis think talk write telah memenuhi kategori sangat layak digunakan. Hasil kelayakan ini berdasarkan dari hasil validasi yang telah dilakukan oleh ahli materi, ahli bahasa dan ahli desain. Pemerolehan hasil validasi oleh ahli materi mencapai 96% dengan kategori sangat layak, validasi oleh ahli bahasa memperoleh nilai 100% dan hasil validasi ahli desain sebesar 96,25%. Tingkat kepraktisan modul bahan ajar berbasis think talk write pada uji coba perorangan sebesar 86,66% dengan kriteria sangat layak, uji kelompok kecil sebesar 90% dengan kriteria sangat layak dan uji coba lapangan adalah sebesar 96% dengan kriteria sangat layak.
Kata kunci: modul, 4D, valid, praktis, efektif
PENGGUNAAN METODE ROLE PLAYING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN BERBICARA PADA MATA PELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA PADA KELAS V SDN WOLOARA
Authors: Nono BS Yohana 
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penggunaan metode Role Playing Dalam pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia dengan materi drama dan peningkatan keterampilan berbicara bagi siswa kelas V SDN Woloara setelah menggunakan metode Role Playing. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK). Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas V SDN Woloara yang berjumlah 12 orang . Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam dua siklus yang setiap siklusnya terdiri dari empat komponen utama yaitu Perencanaan, tindakan, pengamatan, dan refleksi. Teknik pengumpulan data metode ini adalah metode pengamatan (observasi), wawancara, dokumentasi dan tes kemampuan belajar selama proses berlangsung. Dari hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan Role Playing pada mata pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia disimpulkan bahwa kemampuan siswa dalam proses pembelajaran mengalami peningkatan dari setiap siklusnya. Hasil belajar siklus I dengan rata-rata 56,94 dan pada siklus II kemampuan belajar meningkat rata-rata 87,77. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa metode Role Playing dapat meningkatkan Keterampilan berbicara siswa kelas V Sekolah Dasar.