bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Exercise Modality During Weight Loss on Bone Health in Older Adults With Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease or Metabolic Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Beavers Kristen M , Walkup Michael P , Weaver Ashley A , Lenchik Leon , Kritchevsky Stephen B , Nicklas Barbara J , Ambrosius Walter T , Stitzel Joel D , Register Thomas C , Shapses Sue A , Marsh Anthony P , Rejeski W Jack 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACT

The objective of this study was to determine the ability of either aerobic or resistance training to counter weight-loss-associated bone loss in older adults. There were 187 older adults (67 years, 70% women, 64% white) with obesity (BMI = 34.5 ± 3.7 kg/m2) and cardiovascular disease and/or metabolic syndrome who were randomized to participate in an 18-month, community-based trial, with a follow-up assessment at 30 months. Intervention arms included: weight loss alone (WL; 7% to 10% baseline weight), WL plus aerobic training (WL + AT), and WL plus resistance training (WL + RT), as well as DXA-acquired total hip, femoral neck, and lumbar spine areal bone mineral density (aBMD), and trabecular bone score (TBS). Biomarkers of bone turnover (procollagen type 1 N-terminal propeptide, C-terminal telopeptide of type 1 collagen) were measured at baseline, 6, 18, and 30 (aBMD and TBS only) months. CT-acquired hip and spine volumetric BMD (vBMD), cortical thickness, and bone strength were measured in a subset at baseline (n = 55) and 18 months. Total hip aBMD was reduced by 2% in all groups at 18 months, with a primary analysis showing no significant treatment effects for any DXA, biomarker, or CT outcome. After adjustment for WL and follow-up at 30 months, secondary analyses revealed that total hip [−0.018 (−0.023 to −0.012) g/cm2 versus −0.025 (−0.031 to −0.019) g/cm2; p = 0.05] and femoral neck [−0.01 (−0.009 to 0.008) g/cm2 versus −0.011 (−0.020 to −0.002) g/cm2; p = 0.06] aBMD estimates were modestly attenuated in the WL + RT group compared with the WL group. Additionally, lumbar spine aBMD was increased in the WL [0.015 (0.007 to 0.024) g/cm2] and the WL + RT [0.009 (0.000 to 0.017) g/cm2] groups compared with the WL + AT [−0.003 (−0.012 to 0.005)g/cm2] group; both p ≤ 0.01. Community-based exercise does not prevent bone loss during active WL in older adults; however, adding RT may help minimize long-term hip bone loss. © 2018 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Caveolin‐1 contributes to anoikis resistance in human gastric cancer SGC‐7901 cells via regulating Src‐dependent EGFR‐ITGB1 signaling
Authors: Wang Ke , Zhu Xue , Mei Dan , Ding Zhongyang 
Published: August 2018

AbstractAnoikis resistance is considered to be an essential prerequisite of tumor metastasis and which is an important mechanism in the metastatic process of gastric cancer (GC). Caveolin‐1 (CAV‐1), a protein component of caveolae, has been reported to regulate several cancer cell behaviors including anoikis resistance. However, the role of CAV‐1 in the acquisition of anoikis resistance in GC cells has never been explored. In this study, we investigated the promoting effect of CAV‐1 on anchorage‐independent growth and anoikis resistance, and the involvement of the related signaling pathways in such process in SGC‐7901 cells. The results showed that CAV‐1 could promote anchorage‐independent growth and anoikis resistance in detached SGC‐7901 cells, which was associated with the activation of Src‐dependent epidermal growth factor receptor‐integrin β signaling as well as the phosphorylation of PI3K/Akt and MEK/ERK signaling pathways. The data from this study might contribute to the in‐depth understanding of the metastatic mechanism for GC.
Common mental disorders among US army aviation personnel: Prevalence and return to duty
Authors: Britt Thomas W. , McGhee James S. , Quattlebaum Martin D. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractObjectivesAssess the prevalence of US Army aviation personnel with common mental disorders, the percentage that return to duty following mental health treatment, and predictors of return to duty.MethodsExamined the prevalence over a 5‐year period. The percentage of personnel who were granted a waiver to return to flying duty following treatment was also determined.ResultsThe results revealed a 5‐year prevalence of 0.036 (95% CI = 0.034–0.038) for personnel experiencing one or more of the mental disorders (N = 1,155). Prevalence was highest for adjustment disorders and for nonpilot participants. Overall, personnel were granted a waiver 55.3% of the time and suspended or disqualified 44.7% of the time. Waivers were more likely to be granted for an adjustment disorder and for pilots.ConclusionsDiscussion focuses on the importance of aviation personnel receiving mental health treatment when problems are not severe to maximize the likelihood of returning to duty.
Rash and Pruritus With PD‐1 Inhibitors in Cancer Patients: A Meta‐Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Li Jing , Gu Jian 
Published: August 2018

AbstractWe performed a systematic review and meta‐analysis to fully investigate the rash and pruritus of programmed death‐1 (PD‐1) inhibitors in cancer patients. The relevant studies of the randomized controlled trials in cancer patients treated with PD‐1 inhibitors were retrieved, and a systematic evaluation was conducted. EMBASE, MEDLINE, and PubMed were searched for articles published up to April 2018. Nineteen randomized controlled trials and 11,006 patients were included. The current meta‐analysis suggests that the use of PD‐1 inhibitors significantly increases the risk of developing the all‐grade rash (risk ratio [RR] 1.41; 95%CI 1.14–1.76; P = .002) and pruritus (RR 1.77; 95%CI 1.26–2.49; P = .001), and there was no difference between high‐grade rash and pruritus. The RR of all‐grade rash and pruritus did not vary significantly according to the type of drug, type of cancer, the line of therapy, or the treatment regimen. But both all‐grade rash and pruritus varied significantly according to control therapy. The current meta‐analysis suggests that the use of PD‐1 inhibitors significantly increases the risk of developing all‐grade rash and pruritus. Physicians should be aware of these adverse events and should monitor cancer patients who are receiving PD‐1 inhibitors.
Clinical Pharmacology of the Reversible and Potent P2Y12 Receptor Antagonist ACT‐246475 After Single Subcutaneous Administration in Healthy Male Subjects
Authors: Juif Pierre‐Eric , Boehler Margaux , Dobrow Michael , Ufer Mike , Dingemanse Jasper 
Published: August 2018

AbstractACT‐246475 is a selective and reversible P2Y12 receptor antagonist inducing inhibition of platelet aggregation (IPA). A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, parallel‐design study was performed to investigate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of escalating single subcutaneous doses of ACT‐246475 (1, 2, 4, 8, 16, or 32 mg) in healthy male subjects (N = 8 per dose, 3:1 active:placebo ratio). Pharmacodynamic effects were assessed based on maximum platelet aggregation and P2Y12 reaction units using light transmission aggregometry and VerifyNow® assays, respectively. ACT‐246475 was safe and well tolerated up to 32 mg based on adverse event data and absence of clinically relevant changes in hematology, biochemistry, vital signs, and electrocardiogram variables. Median time to reach maximum plasma concentration was 0.5–0.75 hours, and geometric mean terminal half‐life ranged from 1.3 to 9.2 hours across the tested dose range. Exposure to ACT‐246475 was dose proportional across all dose groups. The maximal %IPA was reached within 30 minutes after subcutaneous administration of ACT‐246475. A dose‐dependent duration and extent of effect were observed based on area under the effect curve and maximum effect data. Similar results were observed for maximum platelet aggregation and P2Y12 reaction units. The %IPA was ≥85% at doses ≥2 mg. This level of %IPA was extended to at least 12 hours in the 32‐mg dose group. The safety and pharmacokinetic/pharmacokinetic profile with quick onset and adequate duration of IPA support further investigation in patients with coronary artery disease.
Impact of high k spacer on RF stability performance of double gate junctionless transistor
Authors: Raju Veerati , Sivasankaran K. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractIn this paper, radio frequency (RF) stability performance of double gate junctionless transistor for different spacer material, the width of spacer, and bias conditions is reported. The impact of gate oxide thickness and gate work function on RF performance of double gate junctionless transistor is also presented. The analog and RF figure of merit, namely, intrinsic gain, unity gain cut‐off frequency, stern's stability factor, critical frequency, maximum attainable gain, and maximum stable gain, are investigated with the help of numerical simulation. The result shows that the fringing fields of high k spacers have a major impact on the gate to source and gate to drain capacitance. The device design guideline along with bias and geometrical parameters are reported for the optimized structure. The optimized device structure exhibits better RF stability.
Essential Fatty Acid Deficiency with SMOFlipid Reduction in an Infant with Intestinal Failure–Associated Liver Disease
Authors: Memon Naureen , Hussein Karen , Hegyi Thomas , Herdt Aimee , Griffin Ian J. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractMulticomponent lipid emulsions, such as SMOFlipid, contain intermediate amounts of essential fatty acids (EFAs) compared with traditional soybean–oil based lipid emulsions and 100% fish–oil lipid emulsions. We describe the development of moderate EFA deficiency (EFAD) and slow weight gain in an infant with intestinal failure–associated liver disease managed with SMOFlipid reduction (1 g/kg/d). Once SMOFlipid dosage was increased (2–3 g/kg/d), EFA levels normalized, adequate growth resumed, and the infant's cholestasis resolved. We recommend avoiding lipid reduction of SMOFlipid, which not only increases the risk for EFAD, but also is unnecessary given that cholestasis can be reversed on conventional doses of SMOFlipid.
Preparation and application of a magnetic plasticizer as a molecularly imprinted polymer adsorbing material for the determination of phthalic acid esters in aqueous samples
Authors: Wei Shou‐Lian , Liu Wan‐Ting , Huang Xiao‐Chen , Ma Jin‐Kui 
Published: August 2018

AbstractA novel magnetic plasticizer molecularly imprinted polymer adsorbing material (MIP@mSiO2‐β‐CD@Fe3O4) was successfully synthesized for the determination of six phthalic acid esters in water, milk, and wine samples. The molecularly imprinted polymers were prepared via precipitation polymerization and a surface molecular imprinting technique, using a cyclodextrin‐modified magnetic meso‐porous material (mSiO2‐β‐CD@Fe3O4) as a magnetic supporter, dibutyl phthalate and butyl benzyl phthalate as the dual template molecules, methacrylic acid as the functional monomer, and ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate as the cross‐linking agent. The polymers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, IR spectroscopy, and X‐ray powder diffraction. Thermogravimetric analysis and static and dynamic adsorption experiments were carried out to assay its stability and selectivity. Under optimal experimental conditions, a magnetic solid‐phase extraction with MIP@mSiO2‐β‐CD@Fe3O4 coupled to gas chromatography and mass spectrometry method was successfully developed for the determination of phthalic acid esters. The established method achieved a good linear range of 0.10∼8.00 μg/mL (R > 0.99) and a low detection limit within the range of 1.0∼5.0 μg/L. An average recovery rate of 80.2∼103% with relative standard deviation < 6.7% was obtained upon the application of the developed method to detect phthalic acid esters in actual aqueous samples.
Covalent triazine‐based frameworks/iron oxide for highly sensitive magnetic solid‐phase extraction of phenolic pollutants in water samples
Authors: Ma Jin‐Qing , Ren Ji‐Yun , Wang Lei‐Lei , Wang Xia , Lin Jin‐Ming , Zhao Ru‐Song 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThis study demonstrates for the first time the enrichment potential of covalent triazine‐based frameworks/iron oxide for the magnetic solid‐phase extraction of seven typical polar phenolic pollutants. Important parameters, such as the eluant and its volume, adsorbent amounts, sample pH, extraction time, and ionic strength, were optimized in detail. Under the optimal conditions, low limits of detection (0.09–0.53 ng/mL), wide linear range (25–2000 ng/mL), good repeatability (1.2–8.3%) and reproducibility (1.5–9.9%) were achieved. The developed method was successfully applied to analyze the target phenols at trace levels in environmental water samples.
Denudation variability of the Sila Massif upland (Italy) from decades to millennia using 10Be and 239+240Pu
Authors: Raab Gerald , Scarciglia Fabio , Norton Kevin , Dahms Dennis , Brandová Dagmar , de Castro Portes Raquel , Christl Marcus , Ketterer Michael E. , Ruppli Annina , Egli Markus 
Published: August 2018

AbstractLandscapes and soils evolve in non‐linear ways over millennia. Current knowledge is incomplete as only average denudation (or erosion) rates are normally estimated, neglecting the temporal discontinuities of these processes. The determination of regressive and progressive phases of soil evolution is important to our understanding of how soils and landscapes respond to environmental changes. The Sila Massif (Italy) provides a well‐defined geomorphological and geological setting to unravel temporal variations in soil redistribution rates. We used a combination of in situ cosmogenic radionuclide measurements (10Be) along tor (residual rock) height profiles, coupled with fallout radionuclides (239+240Pu) in soils, to model soil denudation rates over the last 100 ka. We measured rates prior to the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) of ≤30 t km−2 yr−1 (~0.036 mm yr−1). Following the LGM, during the transition from the Pleistocene to the Holocene, these rates increased to ~150–200 t km−2 yr−1 and appeared to be above soil production rates, causing regressive soil evolution. For the last ~50 years, we even describe erosion rates of ≥1,000 t km−2 yr−1 (~1.23 mm yr−1) and consider human impact as the decisive factor for this development. Consequently, the natural soil production rates cannot cope with the current erosion rates. Thus, a distinct regressive phase of soil formation exists, which will give rise to shallowing of soils over time. Overall, our multimethod approach traced denudation and erosion histories over geologic and human timescales and made a new archive to soil science and geomorphology accessible.
Stability, reliability, and validity of the THINC‐it screening tool for cognitive impairment in depression: A psychometric exploration in healthy volunteers
Authors: Harrison John E. , Barry Harry , Baune Bernhard T. , Best Michael W. , Bowie Christopher R. , Cha Danielle S. , Culpepper Larry , Fossati Philippe , Greer Tracy L. , Harmer Catherine , Klag Esther , Lam Raymond W. , Lee Yena , Mansur Rodrigo B. , Wittchen Hans‐Ulrich , McIntyre Roger S. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractObjectivesThere is a need for a brief, reliable, valid, and sensitive assessment tool for screening cognitive deficits in patients with Major Depressive Disorders. This paper examines the psychometric characteristics of THINC‐it, a cognitive assessment tool composed of four objective measures of cognition and a self‐rated assessment, in subjects without mental disorders.MethodsN = 100 healthy controls with no current or past history of depression were tested on four sequential assessments to examine temporal stability, reliability, and convergent validity of the THINC‐it tests. We examined temporal reliability across 1 week and stability via three consecutive assessments. Consistency of assessment by the study rater (intrarater reliability) was calculated using the data from the second and third of these consecutive assessments.ResultsTest–retest reliability correlations varied between Pearson's r = 0.75 and 0.8. Intrarater reliability between 0.7 and 0.93. Stability for the primary measure for each test yielded within‐subject standard deviation values between 5.9 and 11.23 for accuracy measures and 0.735 and 17.3 seconds for latency measures. Convergent validity for three tasks was in the acceptable range, but low for the Symbol Check task.ConclusionsAnalysis shows high levels of reliability and stability. Levels of convergent validity were modest but acceptable in the case of all but one test.
Menthol ameliorates voiding dysfunction in types I and II diabetic mouse model
Authors: de Oliveira Mariana G. , Nascimento Daniel M. , Alexandre Eduardo C. , Bonilla‐Becerra Sandra M. , Zapparoli Adriana , Mónica Fabiola Z. , Antunes Edson 
Published: August 2018

AimsOveractive bladder (OAB) is one of the most common complications of both type 1 (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In healthy conditions, menthol infused intravesically reduces the threshold for initiating micturition reflex, but no study evaluated its effects in diabetic conditions. Therefore, we have used mouse models of T1DM and T2DM to evaluate the effects of menthol on cystometric alterations and increased bladder contractility in vitro.MethodsFor T1DM induction, male C57BL6 mice were injected with streptozotocin (STZ) and evaluated after 4 weeks. For T2DM induction, mice were fed with high‐fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks to induce obesity. Urodynamic profiles were assessed by filling cystometry through the infusion of menthol (100 µM for 30 min) or vehicle (DMSO 0.1%). Contractile responses to carbachol, potassium chloride (KCl), and electrical‐field stimulation (EFS) were measured in isolated bladders after 20 min incubation with menthol (100 µM) or vehicle.ResultsFilling cystometry showed that STZ‐injected mice exhibited higher bladder capacity, threshold pressure, and non‐voiding contractions (NVCs), which were significantly reduced by menthol infusion. The increased voiding frequency in STZ group were unaffected by menthol. In HFD‐fed obese mice menthol significantly attenuated the increased threshold pressure and NVC frequency, but unaffected the changes of voiding frequency. In both STZ‐injected and HFD‐fed mice, incubation of isolated bladders with menthol normalized the enhanced contractile responses to carbachol, KCl, and EFS stimulation.ConclusionsMenthol may be a potential pharmacological option for the treatment of OAB as a consequence of T1DM and T2DM.
A nine‐node corotational curved quadrilateral shell element for smooth, folded, and multishell structures
Authors: Li Z. X. , Li T. Z. , Vu‐Quoc L. , Izzuddin B. A. , Zhuo X. , Fang Q. 
Published: August 2018

SummaryA nine‐node corotational curved quadrilateral shell element with novel treatment for rotation at intersection of folded and multishell structures is presented. The element's corotational reference frame is defined by the two bisectors of the diagonal vectors generated using the four corner nodes and their cross product. In reference frame, the element rigid‐body rotations are excluded in calculating the local nodal variables from the global nodal variables. Rotations are not represented by axial (pseudo) vectors but by components of polar (proper) vectors, of which additivity and commutativity lead to symmetry of the tangent stiffness matrix. In the global coordinate system, the two smallest components of the midsurface normal vector at each node of a smooth shell or at nodes away from the intersection of nonsmooth shells are defined as rotational variables. In addition, of the two nodal orientation vectors at intersections of folded and multishell structures, two smallest components of one vector, together with one smaller component of another vector, are employed as rotational variables, leading to the desired additive property for all nodal variables in a nonlinear incremental solution procedure. In the local coordinate system, the two smallest components of the midsurface normal vector(s) at any node of a smooth shell or in each smooth patch of nonsmooth shell are defined as rotational variables. Different from other existing corotational finite‐element formulations, the resulting element tangent stiffness matrix is symmetric owing to the commutativity of the local nodal variables in calculating the second derivative of strain energy with respect to these nodal variables. To alleviate membrane and shear locking phenomena, the membrane strains and the out‐of‐plane shear strains are replaced with assumed strains, using the Mixed Interpolation of Tensorial Components approach, for obtaining the element tangent stiffness matrices and the internal force vector. Finally, a series of benchmark, challenging smooth, folded, and multishell structures undergoing large displacements and large rotations are analyzed to demonstrate the reliability and computational accuracy of the proposed formulation.
Preparation of water‐insoluble and biochemically stable RNA hybrid material
Authors: Yamada Masanori , Tohyama Chika , Yamada Tetsuya 
Published: August 2018

RNA, which plays an important role in the transcription and translation of genetic processes, has novel functional material abilities, such as the complementary interaction with nucleic acid bases, intercalation, and the binding with metal ions. However, because the RNA is a water‐soluble and biochemically unstable biopolymer, RNA cannot be used as a polymer material. Therefore, we prepared a water‐insoluble RNA‐inorganic hybrid material by mixing the RNA and a silane coupling reagent, bis(3‐trimethoxysilylpropyl)amine. The RNA‐inorganic hybrid material did not show complete hydrolysis in spite of the incubation with the RNA hydrolysis enzyme Ribonuclease A for 72 hours. In addition, RNA‐inorganic composite material effectively accumulated various metal ions, such as heavy and rare‐earth metal ions. Furthermore, when the Cu(II) ion‐accumulated RNA‐inorganic hybrid material was incubated in an aqueous ascorbic acid solution, dehydroascorbic acid was produced by the oxidative effect of Cu(II) ions in RNA‐inorganic hybrid material.
Measuring pressure pain threshold in the cervical region of dizzy patients—The reliability of a pressure algometer
Authors: Knapstad Mari Kalland , Nordahl Stein Helge Glad , Naterstad Ingvill Fjell , Ask Tove , Skouen Jan Sture , Goplen Frederik Kragerud 
Published: August 2018

AbstractObjectivesA tool for measuring neck pain in patients with dizziness is needed to further investigate the relationship between the two symptoms. The objective of this study was to examine the reliability and validity of a hand‐held pressure algometer in measuring pressure pain threshold (PPT) in different cervical regions of dizzy patients.MethodsPPT was measured at two bilateral standardized sites of the neck by a trained physiotherapist in 50 patients with dizziness. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were calculated for intrarater and test–retest reliability. Concurrent validity was assessed by measuring the association between PPT and the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) tender points at each site and with the numeric pain rating scale (NPRS).ResultsAlmost perfect intrarater (ICC = 0.815–0.940) and within‐session test–retest (ICC = 0.854–0.906) reliability was found between the measures. On each site, a low PPT predicted a positive ACR tender point at each site (OR = 0.864–0.922). Last, we found a statistical inverse relationship between the PPT and the NPRS (R = −0.52 to −0.66).ConclusionThe study shows that a pressure algometer is a reliable tool for measuring PPT in the neck of dizzy patients. Further, the PPT correlates significantly with other subjective measures of pain indicating that it may be a useful tool for further research.