bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Isolated Lateral Extra-Articular Tenodesis for Ongoing Instability Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Reconstruction with an Intact Graft is Effective and Has Low Surgical Morbidity
Authors: Davies Peter S.E. , Muirhead Cameron , Mayne Alistair I.W. , Ebert Jay R. , Edwards Peter K. , Simpson Ashley , Williams Andy , D'Alessandro Peter 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe management of persisting instability following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) includes isolated lateral extra-articular tenodesis (LEAT). The present study investigates the outcomes following isolated LEAT to address ongoing instability following ACLR without LEAT. Patients with ongoing symptomatic instability following ACLR with a radiologically intact and well-positioned graft who underwent an isolated LEAT between January 2017 and March 2022 were retrospectively recruited. Patients completed patient-reported outcome measures at baseline and mean 26 months postoperatively. Twelve knees in 11 patients underwent an isolated LEAT. All Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score domains improved significantly between pre- and postoperative measurements (pain 60.9–91.7, p = 0.002; symptoms 62.5–93.8, p = 0.003; activities of daily living 64.3–95.2, p = 0.002; sport 61.9–82.5, p = 0.012; quality of life 17.2–80.2, p = 0.002). One patient required revision ACL surgery 19 months following their subsequent LEAT procedure. An isolated LEAT demonstrated clinically significant improvements in patient function and activity with acceptable surgical morbidity and should be considered as an option for appropriate cases with instability despite an intact ACL graft.
Level of evidence Level IV prospective case series
Microwave-Assisted Catalyst-Free Hydride Transfer: Synthesis and Evaluation of Antioxidant Properties of N-Benzylindolines
Authors: Deb Mohit L. , Baruah Pranjal K. , Boruah Aditi 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWe report a catalyst-free intermolecular hydride-transfer reaction to synthesize N-benzylindolines under microwave heating in the absence of a solvent. The reactions are performed by taking indoline (two equivalents) with aryl aldehydes, which give good yields of products. Tetrahydroisoquinoline can also be used in place of indoline to give excellent yields of the expected products. A mechanism has also been proposed. The antioxidant properties of all the N-benzylindolines were tested and compared with that of ascorbic acid, showing that some of them are powerful antioxidants.
Laser powder bed fusion of biodegradable magnesium alloys: process, microstructure and properties
Authors: Wu Xuehua , Liu Junying , Yang Youwen , Bai Jing , Shuai Cijun , Buhagiar Joseph , Ning Xinghai 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Magnesium (Mg) alloys have gained recognition as revolutionary biomaterials, owing to their inherent degradability, favorable biocompatibility and mechanical properties. Additive manufacturing (AM) provides high design flexibility and enables the creation of implants with personalized complex shapes and internal porous structures tailored to individual anatomical and functional needs. Particularly, laser powder bed fusion (LPBF), one prevalent AM technique, utilizes a fine laser beam as heat source and results in tiny molten pool with extremely fast cooling rate, which effectively restricts grain growth, inter-metallic precipitation and macroscopic segregation, thus facilitating the fabrication of high-performance metal parts. This review critically assesses the significance of biodegradable Mg alloys and investigates the feasibility of utilizing LPBF for Mg alloys applications in biomedical field. Detailed discussions on LPBF-processed biomedical Mg alloys parts cover process parameters, microstructure, metallurgical defects, and properties like mechanical performance, corrosion behavior, and biological response in both as-built and post-processed states. Additionally, suggestions for advancing knowledge in LPBF of biodegradable Mg alloys for biomedical applications are highlighted to propel further research and development in this field.
All-Cause Mortality and 1990-1991 Gulf War Service within the Millennium Cohort Study (2001-2021)
Authors: Carey Felicia R , Sharifian Neika , Boparai Satbir , Dursa Erin K , Boyko Edward J , Rull Rudolph P , Cohort Study for the Millennium 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Although 1990-1991 Gulf War deployment has been linked to worse health outcomes such as chronic multisymptom illness (CMI), often referred to as Gulf War Illness, among deployed Gulf War Veterans, less is known regarding Gulf War service and mortality. Using 20 years of longitudinal data from Gulf War Veteran and Era personnel from the Millennium Cohort Study (2001-2021; n=45381), Cox proportional hazard models estimated the relative effects of Gulf War service status, CMI, and their corresponding interaction on all-cause mortality. Although age- and sex-adjusted mortality ratios suggested that Gulf War Veterans had higher mortality rates than Era personnel, no association was observed between Gulf War service status and mortality risk. Screening positive for CMI was associated with greater risk of all-cause mortality compared with those who did not screen positive across both GWV and Era personnel; interactions between CMI and Gulf War status were not statistically significant. This finding suggests that CMI increases mortality risk regardless of whether the symptomology is associated with Gulf War deployment. Future research is necessary to examine specific occupational and environmental exposures experienced during deployments and service in support of the 1990-1991 Gulf War and their association with mortality in this population.
Transient Receptor Potential Channels in Vascular Mechanotransduction
Authors: Solano Alfredo Sanchez , Lavanderos Boris , Metwally Elsayed , Earley Scott 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Transmural pressure and shear stress are mechanical forces that profoundly affect the smooth muscle cells (SMCs) comprising the vascular wall and the endothelial cells (ECs) lining the lumen. Pressure and flow are detected by mechanosensors in these cells and translated into appropriate responses to regulate blood pressure and flow. This review focuses on the role of the transient receptor potential (TRP) superfamily of cation channels in this process. We discuss how specific members of the TRP superfamily (TRPC6, TRPM4, TRPV1, TRPV4, and TRPP1) regulate the resting membrane and intracellular Ca2+ levels in SMCs and ECs to promote changes in vascular tone in response to intraluminal pressure and shear stress. Although TRP channels participate in vascular mechanotransduction, little evidence supports their intrinsic mechanosensitivity. Therefore, we also examine the evidence exploring the force-sensitive signal transduction pathways acting upstream of vascular TRP channels. Understanding the interplay between mechanosensors, force-induced signaling cascades, and TRP channels holds promise for the development of targeted therapies for diseases caused by vascular dysfunction.
Association between burnout and workplace climate in transplant clinical pharmacists
Authors: Lichvar Alicia , Park Jeong M , Alvey Nicole , Feist Ashley , Pierce Dana R , Fredrick Stacy , Melaragno Jennifer I , Chandran Mary Moss , Sweiss Helen I , Harris Matt 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Purpose
An assessment of workplace culture is needed to further elucidate the factors that contribute to solid organ transplant (SOT) pharmacist burnout and attrition. Therefore, the primary objective of this study was to describe the association between workplace climate and burnout of SOT pharmacists within the United States.

Methods
A 79-question survey was distributed to transplant pharmacy organization listservers from May 30 through July 25, 2023. Burnout was assessed with the Maslach Burnout Inventory Human Services Survey for Medical Personnel (MBI-HSS-MP) in 3 subscales: depersonalization, emotional exhaustion, and personal accomplishment. Scores on the Organizational Constraints Scale (OCS), Quantitative Workload Inventory Scale (QWIS), Interpersonal Conflict at Work Scale (ICAWS; repeated 3 times—once each for interactions with clinical pharmacists, pharmacy management/administration, and nonpharmacist members of the transplant team), and Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES-9) were compared between those with and without burnout to assess the impact of workplace climate. The likelihood of respondents’ leaving their current job was also measured. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression modeling was conducted to identify risk factors for burnout.

Results
A total of 135 responses were received from 664 survey recipients (response rate, 20.3%). The mean age of survey participants was 36.2 years (SD, 7.2 years), and participants were predominantly Caucasian (86.7%), female (84.4%), and/or married/partnered (68.9%), with a median (IQR) of 7 (3-12) years posttraining practice experience. A total of 65.9% of responders met MBI-HSS-MP criteria for burnout. In univariate analysis, burnout was strongly associated with the intent to leave their current position (odds ratio [OR], 8.05, P = 0.001). The univariate analysis revealed that higher ICAWS scores were associated with higher risk of burnout in all 3 domain categories: pharmacy team (OR, 1.39; P = 0.001), pharmacy management (OR, 1.45; P = 0.002), and nonpharmacy SOT team members (OR, 1.24; P = 0.017). In multivariate analysis, higher OCS scores (OR, 1.21; P &lt; 0.001) and higher QWIS scores (OR, 1.22; P = 0.003) were associated with a higher incidence of burnout, whereas higher UWES-9 scores (OR, 0.85; P &lt; 0.001) were associated with a lower likelihood of burnout.

Conclusion
Burnout was observed in a majority of survey respondents, with different workplace climate factors serving as significant risk factors for its development. Burnout mitigation and prevention strategies within the workplace should be researched, trialed, and implemented to reduce the impact on individuals, to improve quality of life, and to prevent attrition of the SOT pharmacist workforce.
Securing affiliation and managing disagreement: Epistemic primacy claims in group-based L2 oral assessments
Authors: Stephenson Michael , Hazel Spencer 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This study explores the use by examinees of claims of epistemic primacy, in the form of noun-copula clause constructions, as devices through which to perform the social action of disagreeing during group-based, task-oriented second language oral assessment tasks. Using a conversation analytic approach to examine sequences in which these disagreeing turns occur, we report on this turn format’s ability to secure an affiliative response from fellow examinees and thereby maintain a collaborative flow. In doing so, we uncover one way of disagreeing which is particularly germane to the collaborative demands of these assessment tasks. The relevance of these findings for the development of learner and assessor training and assessment materials are considered.
Pyriform Aperture Enlargement Through a Rhinoplasty Approach
Authors: Shah Anil R , Grande David P , Buckner Hallie , Nordgren Rachel 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
The pyriform aperture can limit airflow in some patients. In this study, the authors describe a new surgical technique to access and modify the pyriform aperture.

Objectives
Describe the technique to measure the width of the pyriform aperture and surgically enlarge the pyriform aperture using ultrasonic instrumentation. Quantify improvement in nasal airway function with pyriform aperture size and Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) scores.

Methods
The pyriform aperture was measured intraoperatively using calipers. Preoperative and postoperative NOSE scores were compared in a retrospective analysis to examine the effects of pyriform aperture enlargement on nasal breathing.

Results
On average, pyriform aperture width was enlarged by 2.9 mm (P &lt; .0001) and NOSE scores decreased from 69.4 to 8.3 at 6 months (P &lt; .0001).

Conclusions
The pyriform aperture can be modified through an open rhinoplasty approach, and enlargement of the pyriform aperture can improve nasal obstruction symptoms.

Level of Evidence: 5
(Therapeutic)
Predicting the genetic component of gene expression using gene regulatory networks
Authors: Mohammad Gutama Ibrahim , Michoel Tom 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Motivation
Gene expression prediction plays a vital role in transcriptome-wide association studies. Traditional models rely on genetic variants in close genomic proximity to the gene of interest to predict the genetic component of gene expression. Here, we propose a novel approach incorporating distal genetic variants acting through gene regulatory networks, in line with the omnigenic model of complex traits.

Results
Using causal and coexpression Bayesian networks reconstructed from genomic and transcriptomic data, inference of gene expression from genotypic data is achieved through a two-step process. Initially, the expression level of each gene is predicted using its local genetic variants. The residual differences between the observed and predicted expression levels are then modeled using the genotype information of parent and/or grandparent nodes in the network. The final predicted expression level is obtained by summing the predictions from both models, effectively incorporating both local and distal genetic influences. Using regularized regression techniques for parameter estimation, we found that gene regulatory network-based gene expression prediction outperformed the traditional approach on simulated data and real data from yeast and humans. This study provides important insights into the challenge of gene expression prediction for transcriptome-wide association studies.

Availability and implementation
The code is available on Github at github.com/guutama/GRN-TI.
ViraLM: empowering virus discovery through the genome foundation model
Authors: Peng Cheng , Shang Jiayu , Guan Jiaojiao , Wang Donglin , Sun Yanni 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Motivation
Viruses, with their ubiquitous presence and high diversity, play pivotal roles in ecological systems and public health. Accurate identification of viruses in various ecosystems is essential for comprehending their variety and assessing their ecological influence. Metagenomic sequencing has become a major strategy to survey the viruses in various ecosystems. However, accurate and comprehensive virus detection in metagenomic data remains difficult. Limited reference sequences prevent alignment-based methods from identifying novel viruses. Machine learning-based tools are more promising in novel virus detection but often miss short viral contigs, which are abundant in typical metagenomic data. The inconsistency in virus search results produced by available tools further highlights the urgent need for a more robust tool for virus identification.

Results
In this work, we develop ViraLM for identifying novel viral contigs in metagenomic data. By using the latest genome foundation model as the backbone and training on a rigorously constructed dataset, the model is able to distinguish viruses from other organisms based on the learned genomic characteristics. We thoroughly tested ViraLM on multiple datasets and the experimental results show that ViraLM outperforms available tools in different scenarios. In particular, ViraLM improves the F1-score on short contigs by 22%.

Availability and implementation
The source code of ViraLM is available via: https://github.com/ChengPENG-wolf/ViraLM.
An exploratory penalized regression to identify combined effects of temporal variables—application to agri-environmental issues
Authors: Fontez Bénedicte , Loisel Patrice , Simonneau Thierry , Hilgert Nadine 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
The development of sensors is opening new avenues in several fields of activity. Concerning agricultural crops, complex combinations of agri-environmental dynamics, such as soil and climate variables, are now commonly recorded. These new kinds of measurements are an opportunity to improve knowledge of the drivers of crop yield and crop quality at harvest. This involves renewing statistical approaches to account for the combined variations of these dynamic variables, here considered as temporal variables. The objective of the paper is to estimate an interpretable model to study the influence of the two combined inputs on a scalar output. A Sparse and Structured Procedure is proposed to Identify Combined Effects of Formatted temporal Predictors, hereafter denoted S piceFP. The method is based on the transformation of both temporal variables into categorical variables by defining joint modalities, from which a collection of multiple regression models is then derived. The regressors are the frequencies associated with joint class intervals. The class intervals and related regression coefficients are determined using a generalized fused lasso. S piceFP is a generic and exploratory approach. The simulations we performed show that it is flexible enough to select the non-null or influential modalities of values. A motivating example for grape quality is presented.
Large-scale survival analysis with a cure fraction
Authors: Han Bo , Wang Xiaoguang , Sun Liuquan 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
With the advent of massive survival data with a cure fraction, large-scale regression for analyzing the effects of risk factors on a general population has become an emerging challenge. This article proposes a new probability-weighted method for estimation and inference for semiparametric cure regression models. We develop a flexible formulation of the mixture cure model consisting of the model-free incidence and the latency assumed by the semiparametric proportional hazards model. The susceptible probability assesses the concordance between the observations and the latency. With the susceptible probability as weight, we propose a weighted estimating equation method in a small-scale setting. Robust nonparametric estimation of the weight permits stable implementation of the estimation of regression parameters. A recursive probability-weighted estimation method based on data blocks with smaller sizes is further proposed, which achieves computational and memory efficiency in a large-scale or online setting. Asymptotic properties of the proposed estimators are established. We conduct simulation studies and a real data application to demonstrate the empirical performance of the proposed method.
Reversible electroporation for cancer therapy
Authors: Shiwani Taha , Singh Dhesi Simran , Wah Tze Min 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Reversible electroporation (EP) refers to the use of high-voltage electrical pulses on tissues to increase cell membrane permeability. It allows targeted delivery of high concentrations of chemotherapeutic agents including cisplatin and bleomycin, a process known as electrochemotherapy (ECT). It can also be used to deliver toxic concentrations of calcium and gene therapies that stimulate an anti-tumour immune response. ECT was validated for palliative treatment of cutaneous tumours. Evidence to date shows a mean objective response rate of ∼80% in these patients. Regression of non-treated lesions has also been demonstrated, theorized to be from an in situ vaccination effect. Advances in electrode development have also allowed treatment of deep-seated metastatic lesions and primary tumours, with safety demonstrated in vivo. Calcium EP and combination immunotherapy or immunogene electrotransfer is also feasible, but research is limited. Adverse events of ECT are minimal; however, general anaesthesia is often necessary, and improvements in modelling capabilities and electrode design are required to enable sufficient electrical coverage. International collaboration between preclinical researchers, oncologists, and interventionalists is required to identify the most effective combination therapies, to optimize procedural factors, and to expand use, indications and assessment of reversible EP. Registries with standardized data collection methods may facilitate this.
Impact of genetic alterations on long-term outcomes in resectable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: meta-analysis
Authors: Giannone Fabio , Del Zompo Fabio , Saviano Antonio , Pencreach Erwan , Schuster Catherine , Baumert Thomas F , Pessaux Patrick 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma is a public health threat because of its aggressiveness. Its genetic background differs from other biliary cancers. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of genetic alterations on long-term outcomes.

Methods
PubMed, MEDLINE, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases were systematically searched for studies assessing long-term outcomes after resection of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma according to genetic mutational profiling until 31 May 2022. The main outcome was the impact of genetic alterations on long-term outcomes in these patients. HR (95% c.i.) was used for effect size. Publication bias was investigated.

Results
A total of 24 retrospective studies were included. KRAS, IDH1/2, and TP53 were identified as the only three genes whose mutation correlated with survival (HR: 2.476, 95% c.i. 1.67–3.671, P &lt; 0.01 for KRAS; HR: 0.624, 95% c.i. 0.450–0.867, P &lt; 0.01 for IDH1/2; and HR: 2.771, 95% c.i. 2.034–3.775, P &lt; 0.01 for TP53). The prevalence of KRAS and IDH1/2 mutations differed between western and eastern studies (P &lt; 0.001 for both genes).

Conclusion
Determining the overall prevalence of the most common actionable and undruggable mutations may help to expand target therapy indications in the adjuvant setting. Inconsistent results have been found for some infrequent gene alterations; their rare involvement could potentially bias their prognostic meaning.