bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feasibility of a farm-to-WIC intervention
Authors: Di Noia Jennifer , Monica Dorothy , Sikorskii Alla , Gonzalez Karinna , Abuhadba Lina 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjective:To examine whether an intervention consisting of a WIC-based farmers’ market, nutrition education, recipe demonstrations and tastings, and handouts could be implemented as intended and the acceptability of the programme to recipients. The availability, variety and prices of fruits and vegetables (F&V) and the Farmers’ Market Nutrition Program voucher redemption rate at the site with market (relative to the rate among fourteen other WIC agency sites) also were examined.Design:Site-level data were used to evaluate programme implementation. Acceptability was assessed with participant data.Setting:A large, New Jersey-based, urban WIC (Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children) agency.Participants:Fifty-four women who purchased F&V at the market.Results:Gaps in stakeholder communication and coordination, F&V selling out by midday and staffing levels affected implementation fidelity. On average, 12 (sd3) F&V were available daily at the market (twenty-five unique F&V in total). For thirteen of nineteen items, prices were lower at the WIC-based market than area farmers’ markets. The voucher redemption rate at the site with the market (46 %) was higher than the rate among the fourteen other sites (39 %;P< 0·01). The mean rating of satisfaction with the programme was 6·9 (sd0·6) on a 7-point scale. All participants reported intending to purchase F&V again at the market, owing to the convenient location, quality of the F&V and helpfulness of the staff. Improving F&V availability and variety were recommended.Conclusions:The intervention is feasible with improved stakeholder communication and coordination, F&V availability and variety, and staffing.
Relationship between perception of emotional home atmosphere and fruit and vegetable consumption in European adolescents: results from the I.Family survey
Authors: Ghazy Elsayed Hadil A , Lissner Lauren , Mehlig Kirsten , Thumann Barbara Franziska , Hebestreit Antje , Pala Valeria , Veidebaum Toomas , Solea Tonia , Moreno Luis , Molnár Dénes , Wisnuwardani Ratih Wirapuspita , Lauria Fabio , Hunsberger Monica ,   on behalf of the IDEFICS and I.Family consortia
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjective:Consumption of fruits and vegetables (F&V) among adolescents falls below recommendations in many Western countries. The impact of social and emotional aspects of family life on adolescent dietary behaviour may contribute to this, yet remains under-investigated. The present study examines the association between adolescents’ perceptions of emotional home atmosphere (EHA) and their F&V consumption frequency.Design:An FFQ was used to assess F&V consumption frequency. EHA was assessed by an eight-item measure with three subscales: perceived home warmth, strictness and relational tension. EHA subscales were used as binary variables: a score equal to or above the median value was considered as a higher perception, while a score below the median was considered as a lower perception of the EHA in question. Country differences in meeting the European 5-a-day recommendations were described. Further, the association between EHA and F&V consumption frequency was investigated using multiple linear regression.Setting:Regional examination centres in eight European countries.Participants:Adolescents (n 3196) aged 12–18 years.Results:The mean F&V consumption frequency was 3·27 (sd 2·84) times/d. Only 16·1 % of boys and 18 % of girls in our study sample met the recommendation of five F&V daily. After controlling for age, sex, education level of the parents and country of origin, perceived home warmth was associated with a 16 (95 % CI 9, 22) % higher F&V consumption frequency (P < 0·001).Conclusions:F&V consumption frequency was suboptimal in the survey areas. Interventions targeting perceived warmth as a component of EHA could potentially have a positive effect on adolescents’ dietary behaviour.
Investigation on the Dependency of Phase Retrieval Accuracy Versus Edge Enhancement to the Noise Ratio of X-ray Propagation-Based Phase-Contrast Imaging
Authors: Zhang Lin , Zhao Huijuan , Jiang Jingying , Zhang Limin , Li Jiao , Gao Feng , Zhou Zhongxing 
Published: August 2019

AbstractPhase retrieval is necessary for propagation-based phase-contrast imaging (PB-PCI). Arhatari established a model for predicting the impact of the sample-to-detector distance and the system noise on the phase retrieval performance. We have extended Arhatari's model to account for the parameters of excessive source size, finite detector resolution, and geometrical magnification for more practical cases. However, there exist interaction effects among these parameters resulting in difficulty of predicting the phase retrieval performance. In this study, we found that optimizing the trade-off among these parameters for phase retrieval is consistent with the improvement of edge enhancement to noise ratio (EE/N) in the “forward problem” of the PB-PCI. Hence, we engaged in establishing a relationship between EE/N and phase retrieval performance in terms of the “forward problem” and “inverse problem” of the PB-PCI, respectively. Our results showed that, at fixed detector resolution, phase retrieval from the phase-contrast projections at the same EE/N level resulted in the consistent phase retrieval performance. Therefore, the performance of phase retrieval can be predicted based on the EE/N level and be quantitatively optimized by increasing EE/N.
ON MORITA EQUIVALENCE AND INTERPRETABILITY
Authors: MCELDOWNEY PAUL ANH 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn a recent article, Barrett & Halvorson (2016) define a notion of equivalence for first-order theories, which they call “Morita equivalence.” To argue that Morita equivalence is a reasonable measure of “theoretical equivalence,” they make use of the claim that Morita extensions “say no more” than the theories they are extending. The goal of this article is to challenge this central claim by raising objections to their argument for it and by showing why there is good reason to think that the claim itself is false. In light of these criticisms, this article develops a natural way for the advocate of Morita equivalence to respond. I prove that this response makes her criterion a special case of bi-interpretability, an already well-established barometer of theoretical equivalence. I conclude by providing reasons why the advocate of Morita equivalence should opt for a notion of theoretical equivalence that is defined in terms of interpretability rather than Morita extensions.
Flexible biomedical RF sensors to quantify the purity of medical grade glycerol and glucose concentrations
Authors: Tiwari N. K. , Singh S. P. , Mondal D. , Akhtar M. Jaleel 
Published: August 2019

AbstractA novel flexible radio frequency (RF) sensor is designed to facilitate the accurate testing of various samples used in the biomedical industry at the industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) frequency band. The proposed RF biosensor comprises a liquid channel-loaded interdigitated capacitor, which is integrated on a coplanar waveguide structure. The prototype of the sensor is fabricated on a 0.13 mm thin biodegradable polyethylene terephthalate polyester film to perform the testing of various bio-graded samples by recording the corresponding resonant frequency. It is observed that there is a noticeable change between the measured resonant frequencies of these samples, which primarily occurs due to the difference in their dielectric properties. The designed sensor was used to monitor and investigate the quality of glycerol, which is the most commonly used raw ingredient in the biomedical and food industry. The determination of glucose concentration in base fluids is considered to ease the challenges faced by doctors and biochemists regarding the monitoring of glucose concentration. It is found that the proposed sensor can quantify the glycerol purity up to the minimum specified adulteration level of 2 and 1% corresponding to toxic contaminants diethylene glycol and ethylene glycol, respectively, and the glucose concentration of 0.5 mg/ml.
Imaging the Shallow Subsurface Structure of the North Hikurangi Subduction Zone, New Zealand, Using 2‐D Full‐Waveform Inversion
Authors: Gray Melissa , Bell Rebecca E. , Morgan Joanna V. , Henrys Stuart , Barker Daniel H. N. ,   the IODP Expedition 372 and 375 science parties
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe northern Hikurangi plate boundary fault hosts a range of seismic behaviors, of which the physical mechanisms controlling seismicity are poorly understood, but often related to high pore fluid pressures and conditionally stable frictional conditions. Using 2‐D marine seismic streamer data, we employ full‐waveform inversion (FWI) to obtain a high‐resolution 2‐D P wave velocity model across the Hikurangi margin down to depths of ~2 km. The validity of the FWI velocity model is investigated through comparison with the prestack depth‐migrated seismic reflection image, sonic well data, and the match between observed and synthetic waveforms. Our model reveals the shallow structure of the overriding plate, including the fault plumbing system above the zone of slow‐slip events to theoretical resolution of a half seismic wavelength. We find that the hanging walls of thrust faults often have substantially higher velocities than footwalls, consistent with higher compaction. In some cases, intrawedge faults identified from reflection data are associated with low‐velocity anomalies, which may suggest that they are high‐porosity zones acting as conduits for fluid flow. The continuity of velocity structure away from International Ocean Discovery Program drill site U1520 suggests that lithological variations in the incoming sedimentary stratigraphy observed at this site continue to the deformation front and are likely important in controlling seismic behavior. This investigation provides a high‐resolution insight into the shallow parts of subduction zones, which shows promise for the extension of modeling to 3‐D using a recently acquired, longer‐offset, seismic data set.
On the Origin of Aged Sedimentary Organic Matter Along a River‐Shelf‐Deep Ocean Transect
Authors: Bao Rui , Zhao Meixun , McNichol Ann , Wu Ying , Guo Xinyu , Haghipour Negar , Eglinton Timothy I. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractTo assess the influences of carbon sources and transport processes on the 14C age of organic matter (OM) in continental margin sediments, we examined a suite of samples collected along a river‐shelf‐deep ocean transect in the East China Sea (ECS). Ramped pyrolysis‐oxidiation was conducted on suspended particulate matter in the Yangtze River and on surface sediments from the ECS shelf and northern Okinawa Trough. 14C ages were determined on OM decomposition products within different temperature windows. These measurements suggest that extensive amounts of pre‐old (i.e., millennial age) organic carbon (OC) are subject to degradation within and beyond the Yangtze River Delta, and this process is accompanied by an exchange of terrestrial and marine OM. These results, combined with fatty acid concentration data, suggest that both the nature and extent of OM preservation/degradation as well as the modes of transport influence the 14C ages of sedimentary OM. Additionally, we find that the age of (thermally) refractory OC increases during across‐shelf transport and that the age offset between the lowest and highest temperature OC decomposition fractions also increases along the shelf‐to‐trough transect. Amplified interfraction spread or 14C heterogeneity is the greatest in the Okinawa Trough. Aged sedimentary OM across the transect may be a consequence of several reasons including fossil OC input, selective degradation of younger OC, hydrodynamic sorting processes, and aging during lateral transport. Consequently, each of them should be considered in assessing the 14C results of sedimentary OM and its implications for the carbon cycle and interpretation of sedimentary records.
Sensitivity of Methane Emissions to Later Soil Freezing in Arctic Tundra Ecosystems
Authors: Arndt Kyle A. , Oechel Walter C. , Goodrich Jordan P. , Bailey Barbara A. , Kalhori Aram , Hashemi Josh , Sweeney Colm , Zona Donatella 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe atmospheric methane (CH4) concentration, a potent greenhouse gas, is on the rise once again, making it critical to understand the controls on CH4 emissions. In Arctic tundra ecosystems, a substantial part of the CH4 budget originates from the cold season, particularly during the “zero curtain” (ZC), when soil remains unfrozen around 0 °C. Due to the sparse data available at this time, the controls on cold season CH4 emissions are poorly understood. This study investigates the relationship between the fall ZC and CH4 emissions using long‐term soil temperature measurements and CH4 fluxes from four eddy covariance (EC) towers in northern Alaska. To identify the large‐scale implication of the EC results, we investigated the temporal change of terrestrial CH4 enhancements from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration monitoring station in Utqiaġvik, AK, from 2001 to 2017 and their association with the ZC. We found that the ZC is extending later into winter (2.6 ± 0.5 days/year from 2001 to 2017) and that terrestrial fall CH4 enhancements are correlated with later soil freezing (0.79 ± 0.18‐ppb CH4 day−1 unfrozen soil). ZC conditions were associated with consistently higher CH4 fluxes than after soil freezing across all EC towers during the measuring period (2013–2017). Unfrozen soil persisted after air temperature was well below 0 °C suggesting that air temperature has poor predictive power on CH4 fluxes relative to soil temperature. These results imply that later soil freezing can increase CH4 loss and that soil temperature should be used to model CH4 emissions during the fall.
Whole Atmosphere Coupling on Intraseasonal and Interseasonal Time Scales: A Potential Source of Increased Predictive Capability
Authors: Sassi F. , McCormack J. P. , McDonald S. E. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractRecent advances in developing accurate, physics‐based models of the coupled ionosphere‐thermosphere (CIT) system have now made these models an integral part of next‐generation space weather prediction capabilities. These advances have produced a better understanding of how the CIT is affected by variability in the neutral lower atmosphere. However, the impacts on the CIT of lower atmospheric variability over time scales with characteristic periods longer than ~10 days have received little attention, despite clear evidence of this variability in atmospheric circulation patterns throughout the stratosphere, mesosphere, and lower thermosphere. This review synthesizes the state of knowledge on long‐term variability (>10 days) originating in the lower atmosphere and its impacts on the CIT, highlighting the following critical points and challenges: (a) planetary wave oscillations are likely to couple the lower and upper atmospheres, especially those corresponding to normal modes of the atmosphere, but it remains unclear whether they impact the ionosphere directly via wind‐dynamo coupling, or indirectly via modulation of solar and lunar tides; (b) while fast moving planetary wave oscillations are ubiquitous in the CIT especially during solstices, there is only sporadic evidence that the slowest moving modes are also present in the upper atmosphere; (c) there is abundant evidence of long‐term variations of tidal amplitudes in the CIT, but how and why such variations occur still remain; (d) interseasonal variations associated with major tropospheric and stratospheric variability have been observed, but the physical pathways are still poorly understood.
Targeting HIBCH to reprogram valine metabolism for the treatment of colorectal cancer
Authors: Shan Yunlong , Gao Yuan , Jin Wei , Fan Minmin , Wang Ying , Gu Yanhong , Shan Chenxiao , Sun Lijun , Li Xin , Yu Biao , Luo Qiong , Xu Qiang 
Published: August 2019

AbstractValine catabolism is known to be essential for cancer cells but the detailed mechanism remains unclear. This study is to explore the critical roles of 3-hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA hydrolase (HIBCH) in colorectal cancers (CRC) and to develop a new therapy returning valine metabolism homeostasis. High HIBCH expression was first confirmed to correlate with poor survival in patients with CRC, which was then linked to the increased cell growth, resistant apoptosis, and decreased autophagy in CRC cells. The functions of HIBCH in CRC were dependent on its mitochondrial localization. High HIBCH level was further demonstrated to promote the metabolism of tricarboxylic acid cycle as well as oxidative phosphorylation in CRC cells. Based on above findings, we further discovered a novel valine catabolism inhibitor SBF-1. The pharmacological blockade of HIBCH mitochondrial localization with SBF-1 resulted in decreased cancer cell growth and increased autophagy, collectively contributing to the antitumor effect both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, anti-VEGF therapy with bevacizumab increased HIBCH level in CRC cells, which in turn caused the resistance to the therapy. The interference with HIBCH function by SBF-1 significantly increased the antitumor efficacy of bevacizumab and led to a robust survival benefit. The present study identified HIBCH as a critical enzyme of valine catabolism in CRC progression and resistance to anti-VEGF therapy. We also provided a novel HIBCH inhibitor SBF-1, which highlighted the combined therapy using valine catabolic inhibitor along with anti-VEGF drugs, to control progression of CRC.
MCT1 relieves osimertinib-induced CRC suppression by promoting autophagy through the LKB1/AMPK signaling
Authors: Jin Ping , Jiang Jingwen , Xie Na , Zhou Li , Huang Zhao , Zhang Lu , Qin Siyuan , Fu Shuyue , Peng Liyuan , Gao Wei , Li Bowen , Lei Yunlong , Nice Edouard C. , Li Changlong , Shao Jichun , Xie Ke 
Published: August 2019

AbstractColorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers worldwide. Development of novel chemotherapeutics is still required to enable successful treatment and improve survival for CRC patients. Here, we found that osimertinib (OSI) exhibits potent anti-CRC effects by inducing apoptosis, independent of its selective inhibitory activity targeting the EGFR T790M mutation. Intriguingly, OSI treatment triggers autophagic flux in CRC cells. Inhibition of autophagy markedly augments OSI-induced apoptosis and growth inhibition in CRC cells, suggesting a protective role of autophagy in response to OSI treatment. Mechanistically, OSI upregulates the expression of monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1) and subsequently activates LKB1/AMPK signaling, leading to autophagy induction in CRC cells. Notably, OSI significantly exaggerates the sensitivity of CRC cells to the first-line drugs 5-fluorouracil or oxaliplatin. Taken together, our study unravels a novel mechanism of OSI-mediated protective autophagy involving MCT1/LKB1/AMPK signaling, and suggests the use of OSI as a potential agent for clinical CRC treatment.
Long noncoding RNA ABHD11-AS1 functions as a competing endogenous RNA to regulate papillary thyroid cancer progression by miR-199a-5p/SLC1A5 axis
Authors: Zhuang Xi , Tong Houchao , Ding Yu , Wu Luyao , Cai Jingsheng , Si Yan , Zhang Hao , Shen Meiping 
Published: August 2019

AbstractWith the increasing incidence of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), more attention has been paid to exploring the mechanism of PTC initiation and progression. In addition, ectopic expression of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) is reported to play a pivotal role in multiple human cancers. Based on these findings, we examined lncRNA ABHD11 antisense RNA 1 (ABHD11-AS1) expression and its clinical significance, biological function and mechanism in PTC. First, we analyzed thyroid ABHD11-AS1 expression in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. Then, qRT-PCR was applied to detect the expression in paired PTC tissues and adjacent normal tissues, as well as in PTC cell lines (TPC-1 and K-1) and a normal thyroid follicular epithelium cell line (Nthy-ori3-1). In addition, we validated the relationship between ABHD11-AS1 expression and clinicopathological features by the Pearson X2 test. The oncogenic role of ABHD11-AS1 and its regulation of miR-199a-5p in PTC were examined by biological assays. Finally, bioinformatics analysis and mechanism assays were used to elucidate the underlying mechanism. We found that ABHD11-AS1 was remarkably overexpressed in PTC, and high expression was related to tumor size, lymph node metastasis, extrathyroidal extension and advanced TNM stage. Moreover, ABHD11-AS1 enhanced the abilities of cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, inhibited apoptosis in vitro, promoted tumorigenesis in vivo via sponging miR-199a-5p and then induced SLC1A5 activation. In addition, rescue assays were performed to confirm the ABHD11-AS1/miR-199a-5p/SLC1A5 axis. Taken together, the data show that ABHD11-AS1 acts as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) to exert malignant properties in PTC through the miR-199a-5p/SLC1A5 axis. Therefore, our study may shed light on PTC diagnosis and therapies.
A mechanism for increased sensitivity of acute myeloid leukemia to mitotoxic drugs
Authors: Panina Svetlana B. , Baran Natalia , Brasil da Costa Fabio H. , Konopleva Marina , Kirienko Natalia V. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMitochondria play a central and multifunctional role in the progression of tumorigenesis. Although many recent studies have demonstrated correlations between mitochondrial function and genetic makeup or originating tissue, it remains unclear why some cancers are more susceptible to mitocans (anticancer drugs that target mitochondrial function to mediate part or all of their effect). Moreover, fundamental questions of efficacy and mechanism of action in various tumor types stubbornly remain. Here we demonstrate that cancer type is a significant predictor of tumor response to mitocan treatment, and that acute myeloid leukemias (AML) show an increased sensitivity to these drugs. We determined that AML cells display particular defects in mitochondrial metabolism that underlie their sensitivity to mitocan treatment. Furthermore, we demonstrated that combinatorial treatment with a mitocan (CCCP) and a glycolytic inhibitor (2-deoxyglucose) has substantial synergy in AML cells, including primary cells from patients with AML. Our results show that mitocans, either alone or in combination with a glycolytic inhibitor, display anti-leukemia effects in doses much lower than needed to induce toxicity against normal blood cells, indicating that mitochondria may be an effective and selective therapeutic target.