bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Browsers and phone girls: the intricate socialities of friendship, trust and cyberlove in Nima (Accra)
Authors: Cassiman Ann 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe young men of Nima, a popular neighbourhood in Accra, organize themselves in small age groups that meet almost daily in a specific spot, to chat, play and ‘wait’, while dreaming together of a better future in a distant elsewhere. The friendships that find root in these so-called bases, which often have names such as ‘Chicago’ or ‘Brooklyn’, lead to hope and specific modes of action through which these young people engage with the city, the wider world and their own aspirations. Taking these bases as an ethnographic vantage point, this article looks into relations of proximity, friendship and trust and the agency of the young men. The article's focus then turns to the virtual world of the same young men – and their girlfriends – in order to analyse the new modes of friendship that are shaped by their internet browsing. It shows how the modalities and intricacies of online, often deceitful, friendship and love rely on vital localized friendship bonds, defined by trust, of browsers in the zongo. Browsing opens up new possibilities but also challenges, and erodes existing moral socialities between friends.
Innate differences and colostrum-induced alterations of jejunal mucosal proteins in piglets with intra-uterine growth restriction
Authors: Wang Xiaoqiu , Zhu Yuhua , Feng Cuiping , Lin Gang , Wu Guoyao , Li Defa , Wang Junjun 
Published: March 2018

AbstractMammalian neonates undergo rapid transitions from a sterile uterine environment with a continuous intravenous supply of nutrients to a microbe-rich environment with intermittent ingesting of colostrum/milk via the gut. Currently, little is known about the colostrum-induced alterations of intestinal mucosal proteins in piglets with intra-uterine growth restriction (IUGR). In this study, we sought to investigate the innate differences and effects of colostrum on alterations in small-intestinal proteomes of IUGR piglets. Two IUGR (approximately 0·9 kg) and two normal-birth weight (NBW; approximately 1·3 kg) piglets were obtained from each of six sows at birth. One half (n12; 6 IUGRv. 6 NBW) of the selected newborn piglets were killed to obtain jejunum samples, and the other half (n12; 6 IUGRv. 6 NBW) of the newborn piglets were allowed to suckle colostrum from their own mothers for 24 h before jejunum sample collection. On the basis of proteomic analysis, we identified thirty-one differentially expressed proteins in the jejunal mucosa between IUGR and normal neonates before or after colostrum consumption. The intestinal proteins altered by colostrum feeding play important roles in the following: (1) increasing intestinal integrity, transport of nutrients, energy metabolism, protein synthesis, immune response and, therefore, cell proliferation; and (2) decreasing oxidative stress, and therefore cell apoptosis, in IUGR neonates. However, colostrum only partially ameliorated the inferior status of the jejunal mucosa in IUGR neonates. These findings provide the first evidence in intestinal protein alterations of IUGR neonates in response to colostrum ingestion, and thus render new insights into the mechanisms responsible for impaired growth in IUGR neonates and into new nutritional intervention strategies.
Motivierende Orientierungsgruppe für forensische Patienten
Authors: Amann Daniel 
Published: March 2018

Zusammenfassung
Interventionskoffer, die Dreizehnte Um forensische Patienten in die Gesellschaft einzugliedern ist es wichtig, dass sie motiviert an den Therapien
teilnehmen. Jedoch können oder wollen sich einige Patienten nicht auf eine Behandlung einlassen. Abhilfe schaffen kann der Austausch in einer Gruppe, mit
Patienten, die bereits positive Therapieerfahrungen gemacht haben. Unser Autor stellt das Gruppenkonzept vor und gibt nützliche Tipps für die Motivation zur
Therapietreue.
Wohlfühlfaktor Freiheit
Authors: Messerschmidt Julia 
Published: March 2018

Zusammenfassung
Lebensqualität Bei Menschen, die in einer Heimeinrichtung leben, hängt die Lebensqualität stark vom Angebot und den Dienstleistungen der Einrichtung ab.
Doch was brauchen die Bewohner, um sich wohlzufühlen? Was können Pflegende tun, um ihre Lebensqualität zu verbessern? Diesen und weiteren Fragen ist unsere
Autorin nachgegangen und lädt dazu ein, vorhandene Strukturen, aber auch die eigene Haltung zu überprüfen.
Auf der Suche nach dem Inneren Team
Authors: Illichmann Ulrike 
Published: March 2018

Zusammenfassung
Beratungsmethoden Bei der Beratung von Patienten geht es vorrangig darum, Probleme lösungsorientiert anzugehen. Ausgehend von der zwischenmenschlichen
Kommunikation, als Grundlage für eine erfolgreiche Beratung, erläutert unsere Autorin Kompetenzen, die ein professionell Beratender mitbringen sollte und stellt
Beratungsmethoden am Beispiel des Inneren Teams vor.
Versorgung zur sexuellen Gesundheit unter dem Prostituiertenschutzgesetz – mehr Fragen als Antworten?
Authors: Langanke Harriet 
Published: March 2018

ZusammenfassungEin Gesetz, dessen Name „Gesetz zum Schutz von in der Prostitution tätigen Personen“ (ProstSchG) das Versprechen birgt, Prostituierte zu schützen, legt die Frage nahe, ob und wie sich dieser Schutz auf die sexuelle Gesundheit der genannten Zielgruppe auswirkt. Der Beitrag betrachtet zum einen den grundlegenden Ansatz des Gesetzes und stellt einen Zusammenhang her mit anderen gesetzlichen Regelungen, die der gesundheitlichen Versorgung in der Sexarbeit dienen. Zum anderen erläutert der Beitrag am Beispiel von drei ausdrücklich im ProstSchG benannten Bereichen (Anmeldepflicht, Beratungspflicht und Kondompflicht), inwiefern das Gesetz strukturelle Risiken für die Menschen in der Sexarbeit birgt. Er kommt zu dem Ergebnis, dass die stigmatisierenden Kontrollen, die mit dem ProstSchG verbunden sind, die Vulnerabilität der betroffenen Menschen erhöhen, statt ihre sexuelle Gesundheit zu schützen.
Das Prostitutiertenschutzgesetz aus Perspektive der Sozialarbeit: Wen schützt das ProstSchG?
Authors: Greb Gudrun , Schrader Kathrin 
Published: March 2018

ZusammenfassungIm Juli 2017 trat das Prostituiertenschutzgesetz (ProstSchG) in Kraft, welches 2016 gegen den Rat der Expert*innen vom Bundestag
verabschiedet wurde. Im Artikel werden die relevanten Inhalte und Widersprüche des Gesetzes kurz dargelegt und am Beispiel ihrer Auswirkungen auf das Leben von
Sexarbeiter*innen bewertet. Dabei werden die neuen gesetzlichen Auflagen für Sexarbeiter*innen hinsichtlich gesundheitlicher Beratung, Anmeldung und
Ausweispflicht am Arbeitsort in den Mittelpunkt gestellt. Die Erkenntnis, dass die Regierung ein Gesetz verabschiedet hat, das keinerlei Hilfeangebote für
Sexarbeiter*innen in prekären Lebenssituationen anbietet, und dass die Zwangsberatung keine Hilfe, sondern eine Disziplinarmaßnahme ist, deren Auflagen gerade
von prekär lebenden Sexarbeiter*innen nicht erfüllt werden können, mündet im Fazit, dass das ProstSchG ein Gesetz zum Schutz der Gesellschaft vor legaler
Sexarbeit ist und dass es politisch nicht akzeptabel ist, eine große Gruppe von Bürger*innen in ihren Rechten einzuschränken und mit diskriminierenden Auflagen
zu traktieren, nur um die moralischen Vorstellungen einer vermeintlichen Mehrheit zu bedienen.
Structure of a monolayer of molecular rotors on aqueous subphase from grazing-incidence X-ray diffraction
Authors: Kaleta Jiří , Wen Jin , Magnera Thomas F. , Dron Paul I. , Zhu Chenhui , Michl Josef 
Published: March 2018

SignificanceThe so-far-unknown 2D ferroelectric assemblies of dipolar molecular rotors would be of considerable interest for miniaturization of analog electronics. We have prepared a monolayer of such rod-shaped rotors on an aqueous surface and used grazing-incidence X-ray scattering to determine that its structure meets theoretical requirements for ferroelectricity perfectly. The dipoles, averaged between the three nearest neighbors, stand 0.83 nm apart in a horizontal triangular grid and their rotation axes are vertical. One deck of interlocked triptycenes is located above and one below the dipoles, and on the average seven molecules of water are present near each dipole. It remains to be seen whether the structure can be transferred to an insulator surface undisturbed and is indeed ferroelectric.
Amari/anmari/anma and totemo/tottemo in history and discourse
Authors: Shinzato Rumiko 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
This chapter first presents the distributional patterns of totemo and amari as positive polarity items (PPIs) and negative polarity items (NPIs) in a present-day spoken corpus, by paying due attention to their morphophonological variants, tottemo and anmari/anma. It also analyzes ‘prefabs’ (Bybee 2006) they form as PPI and NPI. Second, it delineates the diachronic development of totemo from NPI to PPI and that of amari from PPI to NPI, and offers an explanatory account incorporating three concepts: counter-expectation (Traugott 1999), structural reanalysis and bifurcation/divergence (Bolinger 1968). In a theoretical context of polarity studies, the paper supports Hoeksema’s (2012) stance that comprehensive accounts need both a syntagmatic relationship (licenser-licensee) as well as a paradigmatic relationship with other similar items in competition.
Genre and the cultural realms of taste in Japanese, Korean, and U.S. online recipes
Authors: Strauss Susan , Chang Heesun , Matsumoto Yumi 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
This chapter investigates the language, culture, and the discourse of food in Japan, Korea, and the United States, as prototypical exemplars of Western culture (U.S.) and Eastern culture (Japan and Korea). We compare and contrast patterns of discursive representations of food and social interaction using the broad analytic unit of genre. The online cooking recipe contains complex discourse about food as well as reader/user commentary. Genre analysis of this type, including the socially organized interactional exchanges between members of socio-cultural groups, provides insights into praxis – and can serve as robust resources for socialization of novices e.g., students of foreign language, as they come to understand the macro and micro levels of discourse qua social practice.
Rescue Therapy for Procedural Complications Associated With Deployment of Flow-Diverting Devices in Cerebral Aneurysms
Authors: Al-Mufti Fawaz , Amuluru Krishna , Cohen Eric R , Patel Vikas , El-Ghanem Mohammad , Wajswol Ethan , Dodson Vincent , Al-Marsoummi Sarmad , Majmundar Neil , Dangayach Neha S , Nuoman Rolla , Gandhi Chirag D 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Flow diverting devices (FDDs) have revolutionized the treatment of morphologically complex intracranial aneurysms such as wide-necked, giant, or fusiform aneurysms. Although FDDs are extremely effective, they carry a small yet significant risk of intraprocedural complications. As the implementation of these devices increases, the ability to predict and rapidly treat complications, especially those that are iatrogenic or intraprocedural in nature, is becoming increasingly more necessary.
Our objective in this paper is to provide a descriptive summary of the various types of intraprocedural complications that may occur during FDDs deployment and how they may best be treated. A systematic and qualitative review of the literature was conducted using electronic databases MEDLINE and Google Scholar. Searches consisted of Boolean operators “AND” and “OR” for the following terms in different combinations: “aneurysm,” “endovascular,” “flow diverter,” “intracranial,” and “pipeline.”
A total of 94 papers were included in our analysis; approximately 87 of these papers dealt with periprocedural endovascular (mainly related to FDDs) complications and their treatment; 7 studies concerned background material. The main categories of periprocedural complications encountered during deployment of FDDs are failure of occlusion, parent vessel injury and/or rupture, spontaneous intraparenchymal hemorrhage, migration or malposition of the FDDs, thromboembolic or ischemic events, and side branch occlusion
Periprocedural complications occur mainly due to thromboembolic events or mechanical issues related to device deployment and placement. With increasing use and expanding versatility of FDDs, the understanding of these complications is vital in order to effectively manage such situations in a timely manner.
Effect of Therapeutic Hypothermia Initiated After 6 Hours of Age on Death or Disability Among Newborns With Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Laptook Abbot R. , Shankaran Seetha , Tyson Jon E. , Munoz Breda , Bell Edward F. , Goldberg Ronald N. , Parikh Nehal A. , Ambalavanan Namasivayam , Pedroza Claudia , Pappas Athina , Das Abhik , Chaudhary Aasma S. , Ehrenkranz Richard A. , Hensman Angelita M. , Van Meurs Krisa P. , Chalak Lina F. , Hamrick Shannon E. G. , Sokol Gregory M. , Walsh Michele C. , Poindexter Brenda B. , Faix Roger G. , Watterberg Kristi L. , Frantz Ivan D. , Guillet Ronnie , Devaskar Uday , Truog William E. , Chock Valerie Y. , Wyckoff Myra H. , McGowan Elisabeth C. , Carlton David P. , Harmon Heidi M. , Brumbaugh Jane E. , Cotten C. Michael , Sánchez Pablo J. , Hibbs Anna Maria , Higgins Rosemary D. 
Published: March 2018

(Abstracted from JAMA 2017;318(16):1550–1560)
Hypoxic-ischemic neonatal encephalopathy can cause mortality and devastating lifelong cerebral palsy, neurosensory deficits, and cognitive impairments in neonates. Therapeutic hypothermia initiated within 6 hours after birth has been found to reduce the risk of death or disability at 18 months for hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.
Effect of Preconception Impaired Glucose Tolerance on Pregnancy Outcomes in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Wei Daimin , Zhang Bo , Shi Yuhua , Zhang Lin , Zhao Shigang , Du Yanzhi , Xu Lizhen , Legro Richard S. , Zhang Heping , Chen Zi-Jiang 
Published: March 2018

(Abstracted from J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2017;102:3822–3829)
Intrinsic insulin resistance is common in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and it is recommended that they undergo an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) to screen for diabetes. However, there is no consensus on whether impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) affects pregnancy outcomes.
How central is central poststroke pain? The role of afferent input in poststroke neuropathic pain: a prospective, open-label pilot study
Authors: Haroutounian Simon , Ford Andria L. , Frey Karen , Nikolajsen Lone , Finnerup Nanna B. , Neiner Alicia , Kharasch Evan D. , Karlsson Pall , Bottros Michael M. 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Central poststroke pain (CPSP) is a neuropathic pain disorder, the underlying mechanisms of which are not well understood. It has been suggested that stroke-associated loss of inhibitory neurons in the spinothalamic tract causes disinhibition of thalamic neurons, which autonomously generate ectopic nociceptive action potentials responsible for the pain experience. We hypothesized that CPSP is a result of misinterpretation of afferent sensory input by the sensitized neurons within the brain, rather than generated spontaneously by the damaged central nervous system (CNS) neurons. To test this hypothesis, we prospectively recruited 8 patients with definite CPSP affecting at least 1 extremity. In an open-label intervention, an ultrasound-guided peripheral nerve block with lidocaine was performed to block afferent sensory input from a painful extremity. Spontaneous and evoked pain, neuropathic pain descriptors, and lidocaine plasma concentrations were measured. The blockade of peripheral sensory input resulted in complete abolition of pain in 7 of the 8 subjects within 30 minutes (the primary outcome measure of the study), and >50% pain relief in the remaining participant. Median (interquartile range) spontaneous pain intensity changed from 6.5 (4.3-7.0) at baseline to 0 (0-0) after the block (P = 0.008). All mechanical/thermal hypersensitivity was abolished by the nerve block. The results suggest that it is unlikely that CPSP is autonomously generated within the CNS. Rather, this pain is dependent on afferent input from the painful region in the periphery, and may be mediated by misinterpretation of peripheral sensory input by sensitized neurons in the CNS.
Linking Psychological Strain and Suicide Ideation
Authors: Zhang Jie , Liu Yuxin , Zhang Jianwei , Chen Chen 
Published: March 2018

AbstractPsychosocial causes of suicidal ideation among those who do not have diagnosable mental illnesses remain largely unexplored. Synthesizing the strain theory of suicide and self-determination theory, this research tested a multiple mediator model linking psychological strain with suicidal ideation via three basic psychological need satisfaction. Data from 750 professional employees in China support for the partially mediated effects of psychological strain via need satisfaction of competence and relatedness. These findings contribute to understanding Chinese employees' suicidal ideation from positive psychology perspective that is distinct from what is known from psychopathology.
Impact of Music Therapy on Hospitalized Patients Post-Elective Orthopaedic Surgery
Authors: Gallagher Lisa M. , Gardner Vickie , Bates Debbie , Mason Shelley , Nemecek Jeanine , DiFiore Jacquelyn Baker , Bena James , Li Manshi , Bethoux Francois 
Published: March 2018

BACKGROUND:
Music therapy (MT) research has demonstrated positive effects on fatigue, depressed mood, anxiety, and pain in perioperative care areas. However, there has been limited research on the effects of MT for surgical patients on orthopaedic units.

PURPOSE:
The purpose of this study was to understand the impact of MT sessions on post-elective orthopaedic surgery patients' pain, mood, nausea, anxiety, use of narcotics and antiemetics, and length of stay.

METHODS:
This was a randomized controlled study with an experimental arm (MT sessions) and a control arm (standard medical care). Patients received MT within 24 hours of admission to the unit, as well as every day of their stay. Same-day pre- and postdata were collected 30 minutes apart for both arms, including patient self-reported mood, pain, anxiety, and nausea. Use of medications and length of stay were gleaned from the electronic medical record.

RESULTS:
Data were obtained for 163 patients, age 60.5 ± 11.1 years, 56% of whom were male. Joints targeted by surgeries were hips (54%), knees (42%), and shoulders (4%). There were significantly greater changes favoring the MT group on Day 1 (pain, anxiety, and mood), Day 2 (pain, anxiety, mood, and nausea), and Day 3 (pain, anxiety, and mood). Among participants with a pre–pain score of 2 or more on Day 1, a decrease of at least 2 points was noted in 36% of the MT group and 10% of the control group (P < .001). Overall, 73% of MT patients versus 41% of control patients reported improved pain (P < .001). No significant between-group differences in medications or length of stay were noted.

CONCLUSIONS:
We observed greater same-day improvements of pain, emotional status, and nausea with MT sessions, compared to usual care, in patients hospitalized after elective orthopaedic surgeries. Effects on narcotic and antiemetic usage, as well as length of stay, were not observed. More research needs to be conducted to better understand the benefits of MT pre- and post-elective orthopaedic surgery.
Does anthrax antitoxin therapy have a role in the treatment of inhalational anthrax?
Authors: Vietri Nicholas J. 
Published: March 2018

Purpose of review
Inhalational anthrax is a rare disease and Bacillus anthracis is a likely pathogen to be used in a biological attack. The lack of clinical experience with anthrax has led experts to develop treatment guidelines. These guidelines recommend anthrax antitoxin to be used in conjunction with antibiotics for the treatment of patients with systemic anthrax infection, yet there is still a lack of human or animal data to support this recommendation.

Recent findings
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved anthrax antitoxins in 2012, 2015, and 2016. These products have been stockpiled for use in a public health emergency. Although efficacy is high when given early, their efficacy diminishes quickly when given after the development of bacteremia. Animal studies showing a significant incremental benefit of antitoxin therapy when combined with antibiotic therapy were not required by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for product approval.

Summary
There is no conclusive evidence demonstrating that anthrax antitoxin therapy, when combined with a therapeutic course of antibiotics provides a survival benefit in inhalational anthrax. Additional research is needed in improved anthrax-antitoxin therapies, novel small molecule toxin inhibitors that act intracellularly, and studies of supportive care such as hemodynamic and ventilatory support, to improve the survival for inhalational anthrax patients and help mitigate the threat caused by the misuse of B. anthracis.
The impact of malnutrition on childhood infections
Authors: Walson Judd L. , Berkley James A. 
Published: March 2018

Purpose of review
Almost half of all childhood deaths worldwide occur in children with malnutrition, predominantly in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia. This review summarizes the mechanisms by which malnutrition and serious infections interact with each other and with children's environments.

Recent findings
It has become clear that whilst malnutrition results in increased incidence, severity and case fatality of common infections, risks continue beyond acute episodes resulting in significant postdischarge mortality. A well established concept of a ‘vicious-cycle’ between nutrition and infection has now evolving to encompass dysbiosis and pathogen colonization as precursors to infection; enteric dysfunction constituting malabsorption, dysregulation of nutrients and metabolism, inflammation and bacterial translocation. All of these interact with a child's diet and environment. Published trials aiming to break this cycle using antimicrobial prophylaxis or water, sanitation and hygiene interventions have not demonstrated public health benefit so far.

Summary
As further trials are planned, key gaps in knowledge can be filled by applying new tools to re-examine old questions relating to immune competence during and after infection events and changes in nutritional status; and how to characterize overt and subclinical infection, intestinal permeability to bacteria and the role of antimicrobial resistance using specific biomarkers.