bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How does gender impact the relationship between reading fluency and reading comprehension?<p>Akıcı okuma ve okuduğunu anlama arasındaki ilişkilerde cinsiyet nasıl bir rol oynamaktadır?
Authors: Kaya Dudu , Yıldırım Kasım 
Published: May 2018

This research aimed to explore how gender impacts the relationship between reading fluency and reading comprehension. The research sample conssits of a tatol of 100 seventh gaders. In order to assess the students’ reading comprehension and reading fluency levels, an expository and a narrative text were used. For the implemetantons, each student was asked to read orally the expository text and anwered the comprehension questions related to texts. The same procedure was used for the narrative teaxt reading. The comprehension tests were the researcher-develped. The recorded oral readings were scored according to reading fluency components including word recognition automaticity and prosody by the researchers. In the comprehension tests were focues on deep and literal comprehension levels of the students. The research findings indicated that there were statistically significant relations between reading comprehension and reading fluency. However, the gender of the students did not affect the significant differences between reading fleuncy and reading comprehension. Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file. ÖzetBu araştırmada öğrencilerin akıcı okuma ve okuduğunu anlama düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkilerin cinsiyete göre değişip değişmediği incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu Denizli il merkezindeki farklı okullarda öğrenim göre 7. sınıflardaki 100 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Öğrencilerin akıcı okuma ve okuduğunu anlamalarının belirlenmesinde sınıf seviyelerine uygun hikâye edici ve bilgi verici metinler kullanılmıştır. Uygulamalarda her öğrenciye önce hikâye edici metin sesli olarak okutulmuş ve kaydedilmiş sonra metinle ilgili sorular verilerek cevaplaması istenmiştir. Aynı işlemler aynı öğrenciler ile bilgi verici metin üzerinde de gerçekleştirilmiştir. Okuduğunu anlamayı basit ve derinlemesine anlama boyutlarında ölçen sorulardan oluşan test araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilmiştir. Kaydedilen sesli okumalar akıcı okuma bileşenlerine göre analiz edilerek puanlama yapılmıştır. Puanlamada okuma hızı ve prozodik okuma olmak üzere üç farklı bileşen değerlendirilmiştir. Okuduğunu anlama testi basit anlama ve derinlemesine anlama puanı olarak puanlanmıştır. Yapılan analizlerden elde edilen bulgulara göre hem kız hem erkek öğrencilerde akıcı okuma ile okuduğunu anlama arasında anlamlı ve olumlu ilişkiler bulunmaktadır. Ancak bu ilişki cinsiyet bağlamında farklılık göstermemektedir. Elde edilen bu sonuçlar ilgili bilimsel literatür bağlamında tartışılmış ve gerekli önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
International Review of Nuclear Reactor Pressure Vessel Surveillance Programs
Authors: Server William L. , Brumovský Milan 
Published: May 2018

Description
Technical experts from 11 countries share their knowledge and experience working with nuclear reactor pressure vessel surveillance programs in this special publication.
Topics discussed include actual surveillance capsule testing and associated results; applications to evaluating the irradiated material toughness results; and identification of problem areas identified from conducting international surveillance programs.
The 24 peer-reviewed papers are divided into five key categories
Sponsored by ASTM International Committee E10 on Nuclear Technology and Applications, this publication features papers that were presented at the June 2016 Workshop on Nuclear Reactor Pressure Vessel Surveillance Programs held in Chicago, IL.
TRPV1 Agonist, Capsaicin, Induces Axon Outgrowth after Injury via Ca2+/PKA Signaling
Authors: Frey Erin , Karney-Grobe Scott , Krolak Trevor , Milbrandt Jeff , DiAntonio Aaron 
Published: May 2018

AbstractPreconditioning nerve injuries activate a pro-regenerative program that enhances axon regeneration for most classes of sensory neurons. However, nociceptive sensory neurons and central nervous system neurons regenerate poorly. In hopes of identifying novel mechanisms that promote regeneration, we screened for drugs that mimicked the preconditioning response and identified a nociceptive ligand that activates a preconditioning-like response to promote axon outgrowth. We show that activating the ion channel TRPV1 with capsaicin induces axon outgrowth of cultured dorsal root ganglion (DRG) sensory neurons, and that this effect is blocked in TRPV1 knockout neurons. Regeneration occurs only in NF200-negative nociceptive neurons, consistent with a cell-autonomous mechanism. Moreover, we identify a signaling pathway in which TRPV1 activation leads to calcium influx and protein kinase A (PKA) activation to induce a preconditioning-like response. Finally, capsaicin administration to the mouse sciatic nerve activates a similar preconditioning-like response and induces enhanced axonal outgrowth, indicating that this pathway can be inducedin vivo. These findings highlight the use of local ligands to induce regeneration and suggest that it may be possible to target selective neuronal populations for repair, including cell types that often fail to regenerate.
Moment-to-Moment Fluctuations in Neuronal Excitability Bias Subjective Perception Rather than Strategic Decision-Making
Authors: Iemi Luca , Busch Niko A. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractPerceiving an external stimulus depends not only on the physical features of the stimulus, but also fundamentally on the current state of neuronal excitability, indexed by the power of ongoing alpha-band and beta-band oscillations (8–30 Hz). Recent studies suggest that heightened excitability does not improve perceptual precision, but biases observers to report the presence of a stimulus regardless of its physical presence. It is unknown whether this bias is due to changes in observers’ subjective perceptual experience (perceptual bias) or their perception-independent decision-making strategy (decision bias). We tested these alternative interpretations in an EEG experiment in which male and female human participants performed two-interval forced choice (2IFC) detection and discrimination. According to signal detection theory, perceptual bias only affects 2IFC detection, but not discrimination, while interval decision bias should be task independent. We found that correct detection was more likely when excitability before the stimulus-present interval exceeded that before the stimulus-absent interval (i.e., 8–17 Hz power was weaker before the stimulus-present interval), consistent with an effect of excitability on perceptual bias. By contrast, discrimination accuracy was unaffected by excitability fluctuations between intervals, ruling out an effect on interval decision bias. We conclude that the current state of neuronal excitability biases the perceptual experience itself, rather than the decision process.
Transient diabetes insipidus in a post-partum woman with pre-eclampsia associated with residual placental vasopressinase activity
Authors: Rodrigo Natassia , Hocking Samantha 
Published: May 2018

Summary
This case illustrates the exceedingly rare phenomenon of transient diabetes insipidus, in association with pre-eclampsia, occurring in the post-partum period following an in vitro fertilisation pregnancy, in an otherwise well 48-year-old lady. Diabetes insipidus can manifest during pregnancy, induced by increased vasopressinase activity secreted by placental trophoblasts and usually manifests in the third trimester. This presentation elucidates not only the intricate balance between the physiology of pregnancy and hormonal homeostasis, but also the importance of post-partum care as the physiological changes of pregnancy still hold pathological potential in the weeks immediately following delivery.

Learning points:

Diabetes insipidus (DI) is a rare complication of pregnancy occurring in 1 in 30 000 pregnancies.

It is associated with excessive vasopressinase activity, secreted by placental trophoblasts, which increases the rate of degradation of anti-diuretic hormone.

It is responsive to synthetic desmopressin 1-deanimo-8-d-arginine vasopressin as this form is not degraded by placental vasopressinase.

Vasopressinase is proportional to placental weight, which is increased in pregnancies conceived with assisted reproductive techniques including in vitro fertilisation.

Vasopressinase-induced DI is associated with pre-eclampsia.
Aukštaitijos knygos kultūros tyrimų metmenys
Authors: Petreikis Tomas 
Published: May 2018

[straipsnis ir santrauka lietuvių kalba; santrauka anglų kalba]
Aukštaitijos regionas, išsitekdamas tam tikroje kultūrinėje ir ekonominėje erdvėje, savaimingai sukuria sąlygas atsirasti knygos reiškiniams, kurių visuma įvardijama kaip regioninė knygos kultūra. Straipsnyje siekiama apibrėžti knygos kultūros koncepto taikymo galimybę Aukštaitijos regiono atveju. Iškeliami probleminiai klausimai dėl tyrimo objekto teritorinės apibrėžties ir pateikiami galimi sprendimo būdai. Aptariamos kompleksinių ir sisteminių tyrimų prieigos galimybės vykdant regioninius knygos kultūros tyrimus. Detaliau pristatomas Vladimiro Vasiljevo sisteminis tyrimų modelis. Atskirai aptariamos aukštaičių tarminės knygos integravimo galimybės tiriant Aukštaitijos knygos kultūrą.
Antano Baranausko Klėtelės svečių knygos – Lietuvos kultūros istorijos tyrimų šaltinis
Authors: Liepaitė Inga 
Published: May 2018

[straipsnis ir santrauka lietuvių kalba; santrauka anglų kalba]
Antano Baranausko ir Antano Vienuolio-Žukausko memorialiniame muziejuje Anykščiuose saugomos šešios Lietuvos poeto, kalbininko, matematiko, vertėjo, Žemaičių vyskupijos sufragano ir Seinų vyskupo Antano Baranausko (1835–1902) klėtelės svečių knygos, pildytos jo brolio Jono Baranausko (1828–1904) anūko rašytojo Antano Vienuolio-Žukausko (1882–1957) Klėtelės prižiūrimu, globojamu ir vadovaujamu laikotarpiu. Šiuo straipsniu, pasitelkus nepublikuotus ir publikuotus šaltinius, siekiama keturių uždavinių: 1) atskleisti, kaip A. Vienuoliui-Žukauskui gimė A. Baranausko klėtelės svečių knygos idėja ir kaip ji buvo įgyvendinta; 2) aptarti pirmojo memorialinio muziejaus Lietuvoje lankytojų kontingentą; 3) A. Baranausko klėtelės svečių knygas apibūdinti kaip Muziejaus ir Lietuvos muziejininkystės raidos istorijos tyrimų šaltinį ir 4) nustatyti, ar A. Baranausko klėtelės svečių knygos priskirtinos egodokumentų kategorijai. Tyrimas leido prieiti prie išvados, kad aptariamo žanro paveldo objektams Lietuvoje iki šiol dėmesio skirta per mažai. Vienos ar kitos institucijos nuosekliai pildytos lankytojų ar svečių knygos gali tapti svarbiu pagalbiniu šaltiniu tiek tiriant konkrečios institucijos istoriją, tiek atskleidžiant platesnį tam tikro meto kultūrinį kontekstą. Be to, šio žanro tekstai turi ir autobiografinio pasakojimo elementų. Pamatinė egodokumentų tipologija praplėstina nauju dėmeniu – institucijų lankytojų ar svečių knygomis. Ši nuostata turėtų suaktualinti aptariamo žanro paveldo objektų tyrimus.
Maironis kaip knygos žmogus: kultūros ontologizavimas jo kūriniuose ir egodokumentuose
Authors: Žmuida Eugenijus 
Published: May 2018

[straipsnis ir santrauka lietuvių kalba; santrauka anglų kalba]
Straipsnyje tiriamas kultūros sureikšminimas Maironio istorinės tematikos darbuose, kūryboje, egodokumentuose. Maironis sugebėjo perorientuoti lietuvių santykį su istorija, rasti joje pozityvųjį pradą ir jį aktualizuoti įvairiais komunikaciniais kodais. Kultūrinio matmens iškėlimas nesirėmė vien lietuvių kalbos archajiškumu ar pagoniškuoju unikalumu – dalykais, kuriuos nuo Simono Daukanto kartojo daugelis atgimimo autorių. Maironis vėrė perspektyvą tautos ateičiai, siedamas ją dar tik su būsimu kultūriniu klestėjimu, tautos kultūrine savirealizacija. Rūpestis kultūra yra viena esminių atgimimo veikėjų korespondencijos temų. Kūrybinio prado kaip esminio tautos ir žmogaus egzistencijos sando akcentavimas sulaukė plataus pritarimo jaunoje lietuvių visuomenėje, kuri savo teoriniais, filosofiniais ir grožiniais raštais konceptualizavo ir toliau išplėtojo Maironio kultūrines ir filosofines idėjas.
Nepriklausomos Lietuvos tema Halinos Didžiulytės-Mošinskienės laiškuose rašytojams anykštėnams
Authors: Berezauskienė Audronė 
Published: May 2018

[straipsnis ir santrauka lietuvių kalba; santrauka anglų kalba]
Publikacijos tikslas – išanalizuoti išeivijoje gyvenusios lietuvių kultūros ir visuomenės veikėjos, rašytojos, pedagogės Halinos Didžiulytės-Mošinskienės (1911–2004) laiškus, rašytus Anykščių krašto rašytojams Mildai Telksnytei-Račkaitienei ir Vygandui Račkaičiui. Šie laiškai saugomi Anykščių rajono savivaldybės Liudvikos ir Stanislovo Didžiulių viešojoje bibliotekoje Krašto dokumentų ir kraštotyros skyriuje. Remiantis analizės, sintezės ir apibendrinimo metodais atskleisti laiškų savininkės ryšiai su minėtais Anykščių krašto rašytojais, išnagrinėtas laiškų turinys, juose gvildenta 1918–1940 m. laikotarpio Nepriklausomos Lietuvos tema, parodyti reikšmingi laiškų autorės darbai, skirti tėvynei Lietuvai, apibūdinta tautietės visuomeninė veikla puoselėjant lietuvybės ir tautiškumo išsaugojimą išeivijoje.
Liongino Šepkos laiškai – žvilgsnis į kūrėjo kasdienybę
Authors: Kiukienė Dalia , Mieliauskienė Marijona 
Published: May 2018

[straipsnis ir santrauka lietuvių kalba; santrauka anglų kalba]
Straipsnyje nagrinėjama lietuvių liaudies menininko, skulptoriaus, dievdirbio, Liongino Šepkos (1907–1985) laiškai, rašyti 1970–1977 metais iš Lebedžių kaimo (Rokiškio rajono) į Vilnių būsimai žmonai žurnalisteiDanutei Digrienei. Remiantis šiais laiškais atkuriamos menininko kasdieniogyvenimo detalės, atskleidžiama tai, kas buvo nežinoma arba mažaižinoma apie kūrėjo vidinį pasaulį, mintis ir jausmus, socialinius ryšius,kūrybos poreikį. Straipsnyje stengtasi kuo išsamiau pristatyti atvirą ir neretušuotą vidinį menininko pasaulį, tai pateisina gausų laiškų citavimą.L. Šepka per septynerius metus D. Digrienei parašė per 300 laiškų. Praėjusdviem dešimtmečiams po L. Šepkos mirties, 2006 m. ji perdavė šiuos laiškus (313) Rokiškio krašto muziejui.Pirmą laišką L. Šepka parašė 1970 m. pabaigoje, po to kasmet laiškų gausėjo: nuo 31 laiško 1971 m. iki 78 laiškų 1978 m. Laiškai rašyti mokyklinio sąsiuvinio lapuose, kai jų pritrūkdavo, rašė ant tapetų. Laiškai ilgoki, retas 2–4, dauguma 8–10 puslapių. Juose tilpo visas L. Šepkos gyvenimas, visi įvykiai, visos mintys, visa jo gyvenimo filosofija, ir kiekviename laiške jaučiamas didžiulis rūpestis Danute. Tie septyneri metai, kai buvo rašyti laiškai, suteikia labai daug žinių apie paprasto žmogaus gyvenimą tuometinėje Lietuvoje. Tai savotiškas dienoraštis, kuris vertintinas kaip svarbus XX a. 8 dešimtmečio paprasto žmogaus gyvenimo liudytojas.
The Relationship Between Public Expenditure and Economic Growth In Kosovo: Findings from a Johansen Co-Integrated Test and a Granger Causality Test
Authors: Pula Leke , Elshani Alban 
Published: May 2018

In the scientific literature, there are two opposing views on the relationship between public expenditure and economic growth. The Keynesian view states that public expenditure is an exogenous factor that influences economic growth and can be used as a policy instrument. This point of view is in contrast to the Wagner view that the public expenditure is seen as an endogenous factor or an outcome, not a cause, of economic growth. The primary objective of this study is to test the views of Keynes’s versus Wagner’s in the case of Kosovo by using Public Expenditure (G), Gross Domestic Product and three other components of GDP: Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), Export (EXP) and Total Budget Revenue (TRtax); the variables used in this analysis are quarterly time series data spanning from 2004–2016. To accomplish the set objectives, the Johansen co-integrated technique is used to investigate the long-run relationship between public expenditure and economic growth, while the Granger causality test is used to know the direction of flow between variables. This study discovers that there is a unidirectional causality between government expenditures and economic growth in Kosovo. It is also found that there is a bidirectional causality between total budget revenue and public expenditure. On the other hand, results also provide evidence that there is a bidirectional causality between export and economic growth. Moreover, the results for Kosovo indicate that data for the period considered support the Keynesian view.
Forecasting Firm Performance: Evidence from Romanian Furniture Firms
Authors: Hada Teodor , Bărbuţă-Mişu Nicoleta , Mărginean Radu 
Published: May 2018

The aim at this paper is to propose an econometric model for analyzing economic performance in the furniture industry in Romania, conducted on a sample of 293 firms. The net profit was considered as a dependent variable and the turnover, expenses with employees, value added, current liabilities and inventories as independent variables. Five hypotheses were proposed, tested and validated by using multiple linear regression. The most significant results show that there is a positive significant relationship between net profit and value added and a negative significant relationship between net profit and expenses with employees. Since the model has been validated statistically, we consider that it can provide useful predictions in terms of economic performance analysis in the furniture industry.Keywords: multiple linear regression, ANOVA, Durbin-Watson test, net profit estimation, value added
Clinical Features of Children With Autism Who Passed 18-Month Screening
Authors: Øien Roald A. , Schjølberg Synnve , Volkmar Fred R. , Shic Frederick , Cicchetti Domenic V. , Nordahl-Hansen Anders , Stenberg Nina , Hornig Mady , Havdahl Alexandra , Øyen Anne-Siri , Ventola Pamela , Susser Ezra S. , Eisemann Martin R. , Chawarska Katarzyna 
Published: May 2018

OBJECTIVES:
We compared sex-stratified developmental and temperamental profiles at 18 months in children screening negative for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) on the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT) but later receiving diagnoses of ASD (false-negative group) versus those without later ASD diagnoses (true-negative group).

METHODS:
We included 68 197 screen-negative cases from the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (49.1% girls). Children were screened by using the 6 critical items of the M-CHAT at 18 months. Groups were compared on domains of the Ages and Stages Questionnaire and the Emotionality Activity Sociability Temperament Survey.

RESULTS:
Despite passing M-CHAT screening at 18 months, children in the false-negative group exhibited delays in social, communication, and motor skills compared with the true-negative group. Differences were more pronounced in girls. However, with regard to shyness, boys in the false-negative group were rated as more shy than their true-negative counterparts, but girls in the false-negative group were rated as less shy than their counterparts in the true-negative group.

CONCLUSIONS:
This is the first study to reveal that children who pass M-CHAT screening at 18 months and are later diagnosed with ASD exhibit delays in core social and communication areas as well as fine motor skills at 18 months. Differences appeared to be more pronounced in girls. With these findings, we underscore the need to enhance the understanding of early markers of ASD in boys and girls, as well as factors affecting parental report on early delays and abnormalities, to improve the sensitivity of screening instruments.
Pediatric ADHD Medication Exposures Reported to US Poison Control Centers
Authors: King Samantha A. , Casavant Marcel J. , Spiller Henry A. , Hodges Nichole L. , Chounthirath Thitphalak , Smith Gary A. 
Published: May 2018

OBJECTIVES:
To describe the characteristics and trends of exposures to attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) medications among individuals 0 to 19 years old reported to US poison control centers.

METHODS:
National Poison Data System data from 2000 through 2014 were retrospectively analyzed to examine pediatric ADHD medication exposures.

RESULTS:
From 2000 through 2014, there were 156 365 exposures reported to US poison control centers related to ADHD medications. The overall rate of reported exposures increased 71.2% from 2000 to 2011, followed by a 6.2% decrease from 2011 to 2014. Three-fourths (76.0%) of exposures involved children ≤12 years old. Methylphenidate and amphetamine medications accounted for 46.2% and 44.5% of exposures, respectively. The most common reason for exposure was therapeutic error (41.6%). Intentional medication exposures (including suspected suicide and medication abuse and/or misuse) were reported most often among adolescents (13–19 years old), accounting for 50.2% of exposures in this age group. Overall, the majority of exposed individuals (60.4%) did not receive health care facility treatment; however, 6.2% were admitted to a hospital for medical treatment, and there were 3 deaths. The increasing number and rate of reported ADHD medication exposures during the study period is consistent with increasing trends in ADHD diagnosis and medication prescribing. Exposures associated with suspected suicide or medication abuse and/or misuse among adolescents are of particular concern.

CONCLUSIONS:
Unintentional and intentional pediatric exposures to ADHD medications are an increasing problem in the United States, affecting children of all ages.
Intergenerational Associations of Parent Adverse Childhood Experiences and Child Health Outcomes
Authors: Lê-Scherban Félice , Wang Xi , Boyle-Steed Kathryn H. , Pachter Lee M. 
Published: May 2018

BACKGROUND:
Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) robustly predict future morbidity and mortality. Researchers are just beginning to investigate intergenerational effects. We hypothesize there are intergenerational associations between parent ACE exposure and worse child health, health behaviors, and health care access and use.

METHODS:
We linked data from 2 population-based cross-sectional telephone surveys in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, that were used to ask parents about their past exposure to ACEs and their child’s health, respectively. Participants were 350 parent-child dyads. Logistic regression models adjusted for parent and child characteristics. Parent ACE score was used to summarize indicators of parents’ childhood adversity. Child health outcomes were poor overall health status, asthma diagnosis, obesity, low fruit and vegetable consumption, any soda consumption, inadequate physical activity, excessive television watching, no health insurance, no usual source of health care, and no dental examination in past 12 months.

RESULTS:
Of adult participants, 80% were female participants and 45% were non-Latino African American. Eighty-five percent of parents had experienced ≥1 ACE and 18% had experienced ≥6 ACEs. In adjusted models, each additional parent ACE was associated with higher odds of poor child overall health status (odds ratio [OR] = 1.19; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.07–1.32), asthma (OR = 1.17; 95% CI: 1.05–1.30), and excessive television watching (OR = 1.16; 95% CI: 1.05–1.28).

CONCLUSIONS:
The full scope of the health effects of ACEs may not be limited to the exposed individual, highlighting the need for a 2-generation approach to addressing the social determinants of child health.