bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on Effect of Tool Nose Radius Wear on Hybrid Roughness Parameters during Turning Using Vision-Based Approach
Authors: Kumar B M , Ratnam M M 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
In the past, most researchers have investigated the effect of tool flank wear on the average roughness parameter (Ra) during turning. The Ra
parameter, however, is sensitive only to the height variations of the machined workiece profile and is insensitive to the spatial changes to the profile caused by gradual increase in tool wear. In this work, a non-contact vision-based method was used to investigate the effect of tool nose radius wear on the hybrid surface roughness parameters during finish turning. The roughness profile of the workpiece surface diametrically opposite the cutting tool was captured during turning of AISI 1035 steel using a digital camera. A high shutter speed (1/4000 s) was used to freeze the motion of the rotating spindle and obtain a blur-free image of the workpiece. The edge of the workpiece profile was extracted to sub-pixel accuracy using the grey level invariant moment method. The hybrid surface roughness parameters were determined from the workpiece profile. The effect on increased nose wear area on these parameters were investigated. Among these roughness parameters the mean wavelength (Rλa) parameter showed the best correlation with tool nose radius wear with coefficients of determination of 0.9734.
Effect of Rake Angle and Feed Rate on Chip Segmentation in Machining Carbon Steel 1050
Authors: Zamri M F , Yusoff A R 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
A chip breaker plays an essential role for chip breaking as well as to enhance productivity and quality during the turning process. However, chip break as a tool is not able to break the chip and formulate continuous chip, that in turn, causes the tool to wear and the generate excessive heat. These affect the quality of the machined surface. Chip formation is influenced by cutting conditions and tool geometries such as spindle speed, feed rate, depth of cut and rake angle. In this study, experiments were carried out on carbon steel 1050 with chip breaker at a constant cutting speed of 275 m/mm with a depth of cut 0.9 mm. The effect of different feed rate and rake angle towards chip length formation were also investigated in the present investigation. The results obtained from the study indicates that segmented chips could be obtained at a feed rate of 0.4 mm/rev and a rake angle of -9°. Therefore, it could be concluded that the feed rate and rake angle can play a significant role in the formation of the segmented chip through the use of a chip breaker to enhance the productivity and quality in the machining process.
Finite Volume Method Study on Contact Line Jump Phenomena and Dynamic Contact Angle of Underfill Flow in Flip-Chip of Various Bump Pitches
Authors: Ng F C , Abas A , Abdullah M Z 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Three distinct flip-chip underfill cases were considered in this work, with each possess a bump pitch of 0.8 mm, 1.0 mm and 1.2 mm. Contact line jump (CLJ) phenomenon during the underfill flow were successfully visualized with the aided of finite volume method (FVM) based simulation. The current simulated underfill flow fronts were qualitatively validated with the existing experimental data. Generally, the attachment process occurs much faster than the detachment process, by a factor of 14. Within the investigated pitches range, shorter bump pitch would yield a slower underfill flow but a faster-completion underfill process. The voiding mechanism during the underfill process were presented. Furthermore, the dynamic contact angle of underfill meniscus were analytically computed from the numerical data. The contact angle is found to be varies sinusoidally with the filling time, while the impact of bump pitch is minimal. Lastly, it is found that the bump pitch of flip-chip does affect the void formation and propagation.
Numerical Investigation of Continuous Damping of The Semi-Active Suspension System for Passenger Car
Authors: Ahmed M R , Yusoff A R , Romlay F R M 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The suspension of the car is considered an important element in the vehicle. The primary function of the suspension system is to isolate the vehicle structure from shocks and vibration due to irregularities of the road surface. There are two main objectives need to be satisfied which are: ride comfort and road handling. Ride comfort is inversely proportional to the absolute acceleration of the vehicle body, while the road handling is linked to the relative displacement between the vehicle body and the tires. This paper presented an attempted to enhance the performance of the shock absorber by developing a model of continuously variable damping (CVD). To evaluate the effect of the developed semi-active shock absorber on the dynamic behaviour of the vehicle, the model was analyzed and compared with the passive and On/Off sky-hook control strategy in the quarter car using two different types of road (random excitation, bumpy) as input to the quarter car model. Force hysteresis loop with different sets of orifice diameter was generated. The result indicates the CVD shows a reduction in both body acceleration and vertical displacement contrasting with passive and On/Off sky-hook 73.4% and 53.8% respectively and also the selling time by 79% and 59% for a bumpy road. This considered an improvement toward the ride comfort and vehicle stability. The simulated results for the quarter car model are shows similar trends and within range when compared with reference research.paper.
Pre-Forming Inspection System to Detect Deep Drawing Defect Due to Punch-Die Misalignment using Image Processing Technique
Authors: Ghafar A A , Abdullah A B 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Deep drawing processes are extensively used in the industry for the fabrication of a wide range of sheet metal products from household appliances to automotive parts. In a deep drawing process, the alignment of the punch and die is extremely important to avoid defects such as variation of thickness and intolerable thinning condition of the drawn part. In this paper, a computer vision system is proposed that is able to identify the degree of misalignment in the punch-die configuration. The apparatus consists of an image capture and analysis system that can be used as a tool for pre-forming inspection setup. The image analysis implements the centroid recognition approach using the Image Processing Toolbox function in MATLAB. The offset value between centre of the punch and the centre of die indicates the severity of misalignment between punch and die. The system was successfully tested for a square profile, with more accurate results obtained for a colored punch as compared to the punch with the original metallic surface. Verification of the system was then conducted to align the centroids of a punch and die, and the results show that a good alignment of the centroids was achieved within two alignment attempts.
Thermo-Mechanical Simulation of Temperature Distribution and Prediction of Heat-Affected Zone Size in MIG Welding Process on Aluminium Alloy EN AW 6082-T6
Authors: Samad Z , Nor N M , Fauzi E R I 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Welding process is considered as a thermal-mechanical-metallurgical coupled problem. In this study, finite element method (FEM) is adopted for predicting the temperature history in Metal Inert Gas (MIG) welding of 5mm thick aluminium 6082 alloy. The Goldak’s double ellipsoidal moving heat source model was used to analyse the influence of peak temperature to the radial distance from the center of the heat source and the thickness of the plate. Temperature-dependent thermal properties of aluminium alloy 6082 in T6 condition and the convective and radiative boundary conditions were included in the model. The finite element code, ANSYS along with APDL command subroutines was employed to obtain the numerical results. The effect of heat input and welding speed on the weld pool shape and temperature distribution were investigated. Finally, the predicted temperature distribution and the size of heat-affected zone were compared with the experimental results. The comparison shows that they are in good agreement.
ABAQUS Simulation of Different Critical Porosities Cubical Scaffold Model
Authors: Wahid Z , Ariffin M K A M , Baharudin B T H T , Ismail M I S , Mustapha F 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Scaffold or porous architectured structure is essential in biomedical application for cell growth or for mass reduction if to be used in automotive and aerospace applications. The structure was once impossible to fabricate but now viable using additive manufacturing techniques. However, in order to reduce weight structure and save on materials using porous structure, strength is one key feature must be maintained to serve the function. The aims of the study are to compare the part strength with different cell repetition and porosity (ranging 56% to 70.45%), and also to determine pattern of stress concentration in different unit cell size. In this study, cubic scaffold-based structures with critical porosity range were simulated using ABAQUS. From the simulation it can be observed generally that strength will reduce with higher porosity, while 58.96% of porosity showed less stress concentration. For each porosity, stress concentration and deflection can be observed and compared. The result of the study is important to help designer to choose suitable design and porosity prior to fabrication.
Study on End Brush Deburring and Sintered Diamond Ball Deburring of Micro-features Milled
Authors: Sai T K , Saptaji K , Fatchurrohman N 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The presence of top burr in the micro-features produced by milling process can deteriorate and affect the surface quality of the products. Though there are some deburring methods can be used and reported successfully remove the burr in the micro scale features, however simpler and alternative method is still needed. Two of the deburring methods that can be used are end brushing and sintered diamond ball methods. Therefore the aim of this paper is to study the application of the end brush and sintered diamond ball for deburring top burrs exist on micro features produced by milling process. Slot milling experiments were conducted and subsequently deburring process using the two methods was conducted. Micro scale features were also produced using milling process followed by deburring. The deburred results were observed visually using optical microscope and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and surface roughness was measured. Experimental results show that the end brush and sintered diamond ball deburring have successfully remove the top burrs. The end brush deburring method produced better surface quality compared to the sintered diamond ball.
Effect of Laminate Properties on the Failure of Cross Arm Structure under Multi-Axial Load
Authors: Mohamad D , Syamsir A , Beddu S , Kamal N L M , Zainoodin M M , Razali M F , Abas A , Seman S A H A , Ng F C 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This study investigated the influence of laminate properties toward the collapse of composite cross arm structure under multi-axial quasi-static loading. A three-dimensional finite-element model of a cross arm was developed and integrated with Hashin’s failure subroutine to predict the inter-laminar damages of the composite upon its application. The mechanical deformation and failure of the composite structure were evaluated over three laminate properties. This investigation revealed that variation in laminates properties yielded different structural deflection and laminate damages. The cross arm with a greater young modulus and ultimate stresses (laminate B) experienced a single failure mode of fiber buckling in compression at deflection of 0.082 m. For the given multi-axial load, the laminate configuration and properties considered in this study failed to prevent the failure of the cross arm.
Stacking Sequence Effects on Performance of Composite Laminate Structure Subjected To Multi-Axial Quasi-Static Loading
Authors: Mohamad D , Syamsir A , Sa’don S N , Zahari N M , Seman S A H A , Razali M F , Abas A , Ng F C 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
In this paper, the effects of the stacking sequence on the mechanical performance and damage formation of composite laminates subjected to multi-axial quasi-static loading is investigated, considering intra-laminar damage onset. The response of the composite laminate configurations characterized by different stacking sequences subjected to multi-axial quasi-static loading have been studied to predict the influence on the static displacement and damage development. A finite element (FE) model has been used to numerically simulate the response of the composite structure. ABAQUS/EXPLICT FE environment has been considered for the analyses and Hashin’s failure criteria has been adopted using a VUMAT subroutine to model the intra-laminar damage formation in the analyzed composite structure.
Multi-objective Optimization of Vehicle Speed Control using Gravitational Search Algorithm for Electro-Mechanical Continuously Variable Transmission
Authors: Hudha K , Nuri N R M , Mazlan S A 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This paper describes the application of the Gravitational Search Algorithm (GSA) for the optimization of the vehicle speed control in the longitudinal vehicle model equipped with Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT) system. In this study, multi-objective procedure which are to minimize the vehicle speed error and fuel usage has been proposed. For comparing and analysing the optimization results, CVT and Automatic Transmission (AT) are placed in the vehicle transmission model separately, and the Proportional, Integral and Derivative (PID) controller is implemented to control the vehicle speed. The simulation work is modelled and performed using MATLAB/Simulink software. Overall, the results show that the vehicle speed transient responses and fuel usage optimized by GSA are better than the values gained from PID controller.
Comparison of Control Strategy on Magneto-Rheological Fluid Damper Performance for Impact Reduction
Authors: Rahmat M S , Hudha K , Kadir Z A , Nuri N R M , Amer N H , Abdullah S 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This paper investigates the effects of control strategy selection on the effectiveness of impact reduction control for a magneto-rheological fluid (MRF) damper-based system. The control performance of a passive damper, an MRF damper controlled by skyhook and an MRF damper controlled by a fast practical control are compared. A mechanical system model of a single degree-of-freedom (SDOF) impact isolation system using MRF dampers with different controllers is constructed, and the governing equation for the SDOF impact isolation system is derived. The FPC control algorithm is used to verify the MRF damper performance of the systems. The control performance of the systems under impact loading from various horizontal impact energies is evaluated. The results indicate that the MRF damper with the FPC controller provides much better performance for impact reduction control.
End-of-life Electrical and Electronic Equipment Remanufacturing Prospects in Malaysia
Authors: Shamee A , Shamsuddin A 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Organized remanufacturing has to be an important alternative option instead of throwing-away of used electrical and electronic equipment’s (EEE) in order to save our mother-nature and recover useful resources. The increase in awareness of environmentally conscious manufacturing making the remanufactured products most popular. The significant benefits of remanufacturing are: greater availability of products and low costs to customers, new employment and industrial skills training to workers, and conservation of material and energy resources to society. Remanufacturing not only focus on economic profits but also keeping contribution to minimize environmental impacts by utilizing end-of-life (EOL) products. This study attempts to find out remanufacturing opportunities, and main challenges, along with the dominant influencing factors in a fast-developing country like Malaysia based on authentic literature review and expert opinions. The paper presented a short description of e-waste status, potential remanufacturing areas, its current practices, possible policy measures, and the present barriers in remanufacturing. The findings and observations provide a foundation and clear idea about the prospective of remanufacturing in Malaysia and probable further research directions.
Workload Analysis and Improvement of the Nurses Duty in the Hospital
Authors: Soewardi H , Kusuma S R 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Nurse is someone who has a task as a medical asisstant in the hospital. They work for eight hours per day in serving patients and helping out the doctors such as, wound cares, infusions, bathing patients, injecting medical substances, giving medications, moving patients, changing patient clothes, etc, creating a lot of work for them. According to survey of the Indonesian National Nurses Association there are 50.9% of nurses experiencing work stress, dizziness, and fatigue because of high workloads. Therefore, it is necessary to be improved. Objective of this study is to analyse the mental workload of nurses and develop few of recommendations to reduce the mental workload. National Aeronautical and Space Administration Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) is used to evaluate the mental workload based on six variables: mental demand, physical demand, temporal demand, own performance, effort, and frustation level. While the developed improvement uses the participatory ergonomic method which involve nurse, doctor, ergonomist, and designer as stakeholder by implementing a group discussion to determine criteria of enhancement. Statistical analysis is applied to verify the hypothesis. Result of this study shows that the score of NASA-TLX is 62.46, which means the task is overload. As for the result, participatory ergonomic is verified at 5% of significant levels that requires some improvements, including but not limited to administrative activities in the form of making action invoices, physical activity that causes spinal cord injuries was lifting the patients and bending while injecting the patient, and work shift system where morning and afternoon shift longer than night shift.
Hybrid Methods of MOST and 5S for Reducing Time Processing and Waste Motion in Milk SMEs Industry: A Case Study
Authors: Sari A D , Gumilar R , Setiawan N , Salleh M R , Suryoputro M R , Zhafira N 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Motion is one type of waste and it is a great challenge for the Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) to enhance the efficiency and productivity of all processes. The integration between lean and ergonomics in waste reduction has been identified as a tool to boost up the performance of SMEs. The aim of this study is to reduce the processing time by eliminating the motion using the hybrid of MOST and 5S practices at CV. Sahabat Ternak. The data has been collected to determine and analyse the inefficient movements of operators at their work stations by comparing before and after MOST-5S implementation. The results had shown a significant reduction of processing standard time in each four division as follows: Receiving Div. is 5.7%, Processing Div. is 1.3%, Milling Div. is 5.8%, and Packaging Div. is 19.5%.
Application of 5S and Visual Management to Improve Shipment Preparation of Finished Goods
Authors: Yik L K , Chin J F 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to present a lean case study to resolve issues related to shipment preparation in the finished goods store of a manufacturing industry. The process was first investigated through cause and effect diagram. Several root causes detected, including unorganized finished goods inventory, the absence of first-in-first-out (FIFO) rule in process flow, lack of visibility and inadequate inventory data recording and keeping. The two lean manufacturing tools, notably 5S and visual management were deployed in the finished goods store as the countermeasures. This leads to a significant improvement where the shipment preparation was seen reduced by 50%. The offshoot benefits include increased awareness and motivation for lean manufacturing by the involved staff.
Integrating Activity-Based Costing and Computer Simulation to Investigate Thailand-Malaysia Cross Border: A Case Study of Sadao Customs House
Authors: Suttishe P , Kongkaew W , Treeranurat L , Sirivongpaisal N 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This research aims to study the cross border service between Thailand-Malaysia at Sadao Customs House, Songkhla, Thailand. Initial problem was stated as severe traffic jam at border and lots of trucks waiting for custom processes. With the purpose of investigating for solution, vital information such as cost of service was needed. Nevertheless; under the current costing system, it cannot lead to the improvement direction as it has not revealed the efficiency of resources consumption which are used to drive service activities. Also, it cannot indicate wastes or unproductive activities operating under the service. Hence this research proposed activity-based costing (ABC) and computer simulation as an integrated tool to investigate the cross border service in order to acquire service cost information which will be used for improvement stage. Results of study can be expressed in terms of cross border service unit cost and activities analysis.
Identification of Potential Ergonomic Risk Factors and Mitigating Measures for Malaysian Oil and Gas Drilling Industries: A Conceptual Research Proposition
Authors: Asad M M , Hassan R , Latif K , Sherwani F 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This research article briefly highlights the proposed research framework for identification of potential ergonomic risk Factors and mitigating measures for Malaysian oil and gas drilling industries. Because ergonomic hazard is considered as one of the major causes of lifedraining injuries and life time disabilities among oil and gas drilling crew. In this proposed research study, mix method research design will be adopted with explanatory research design. Whereas, industrial survey and semi structure interviews will be conducted to from oil and gas drilling crew (150) and safety and health experts (09) for identifying the potential ergonomic hazards with their effective mitigating measures. Whereas, descriptive statistics, What-If analysis and thematic analysis approach will be used in this proposed research study. The expected outcome of this proposed research framework is to provide the most potential ergonomic risk factors associated with oil and gas drilling operations at onshore and offshore domain with their most suitable hazard controlling measures at Malaysian industries. Similarly, this proposed study will provide a comprehensive mitigating approaches and strategies to safety and health officials to design effective safety trainings and instructional designs based on ergonomic safety professionals’ opinions.