bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation for Locally Advanced Carcinoma of the Rectum
Authors: Osti Mattia F , Valeriani Maurizio , Masoni Luigi , Tombolini Vincenzo , Enrici Riccardo Maurizi 
Published: April 2018

Aims and background The aim of this paper is to confirm the efficacy to reduce incidence of relapses, to increase rates of conservative radical surgery and eventually survival of concomitant neo-adjuvant chemo-radiotherapy. Methods From January 1992 to October 1999, 140 stage II (50.7%) and III (49.3%) patients with adenocarcinoma of the rectum were treated with concomitant chemoradiotherapy followed by radical surgery. Treatment consisted of 25 fractions of 180 cGy (5 days per week), for a total dose of 45 Gy on the whole pelvis. Chemotherapy consisted of 5-FU (350 mg/m2) and leucoverin (10 mg/m2) in bolus for 5 days on days 1-5 and 29-33 of radiation. After an interval of 4-6 weeks, all patients were submitted to surgery. Results The median follow-up was 48 months (median, 1-97). At 5 years the overall survival was 71.3% and relapse-free survival was 79.4%. The rate of local control was 90%. Twenty-two (15.7%) patients developed distant metastases. All patients underwent surgery: 26 (18.6%) local excision, 79 (56.4%) anterior resection, 33 (23.6%) abdomino-perineal resection, and 2 (1.4%) Hartmann resection. Consequently, 107 cases (75.4%) underwent conservative surgery. At the time of surgery, 34 patients had negative specimens (24.3%), 45 were in stage I (32.2%), 31 in stage II (22.1%), 32 in stage III (21.4%). The incidence of any grade 3 acute toxicity (WHO) was 5% diarrhea, 20% tenesmus and 11.4% myelosuppression. Conclusions The results of this study confirm good tolerance, minor surgery-related complications and efficacy of this regimen on local and distant disease control, with a high percentage of sphincter-saving surgery.
A Low-Grade Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma in a Woman with down Syndrome
Authors: Satgé Daniel , Ott Gérard , Sasco Annie J , Mircher Clotilde , Vekemans Michel , Ludwig Liliane , Grob Jean-Claude 
Published: April 2018

Aims Analysis of a thyroid neoplasm in a person with Down syndrome. Method Report of a case and review of the literature. Results A 34-year-old woman with Down syndrome developed a right thyroid low-grade follicular carcinoma. She is alive 20 years after the discovery of the initial tumor. A review of the literature including epidemiological studies revealed only one unspecified cancer, one papillary carcinoma and one lymphoma. Persons with Down syndrome present an excess of goiter and thyroiditis and often are overweight and have low serum selenium, all these conditions being risk factors for thyroid carcinomas. Conclusion Thyroid malignant neoplasms are very rare in persons with Down syndrome. We suspect that some constitutional, hormonal and genetic factors could protect these subjects against thyroid carcinoma.
Hit-And-Run Mechanism of HBV-Mediated Progression to Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Hessein Mohamed , Saad El Gendy , Mohamed Attallah A , Kamel El Awaday M , Abdel Hady AM , Amina Medhat , Rogler Charles E 
Published: April 2018

Aim and background Hepatitis B virus is implicated in the development of hepatocellular caracinoma. No oncogenes have been identified within the viral genome. Furthermore, it frequently fragments after integration into the hepatocyte genome. Simultaneous investigations of hepatitis B virus integration patterns and genetic changes in precancerous tissues are important to understand the role played by hepatitis B virus integration in hepatocellular caracinoma. Method We used a combination approach of dual characterization of highly polymorphic loci and the change in hepatitis B virus-DNA integration pattern. Large regenerative nodules were dissected from 6 explanted hepatitis B virus infected cirrhotic livers. Nodules within each liver segment were schematically mapped and histopathologically analyzed. Genomic DNA from each nodule was analyzed for hepatitis B virus integration and the genetic stability of 12 microsatellite loci including D3S2321, D8S1022, D17S1159, D4S2281, D5S1/2, D16S675, D16S685, D16S490, D16S526, D16S673, D16S677 and D16S690. Results Data from different liver segments revealed few viral integrations and average allele loss. The most exciting results came from a segment containing a set of clonally and spatially related nodules having similar histologic features, a progressive lineage of allele loss, HBV integration and loss of integration. Conclusions This model portrait, a scenario of genetic events that precede tumor formation where the acquisition and loss of hepatitis B virus integrations in clonally related regenerative nodules, might explain how the virus acts as a hit-and-run mutagen.
Cytokeratin 19 Expression by Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction in the Peripheral Blood of Prostate Cancer Patients
Authors: Tobias-Machado Marcos , Fonseca Fernando , Fantinato Ana Paula , Bendit Israel , Wroclawski Marcelo Langer , Wroclawski Eric , del Giglio Auro 
Published: April 2018

Aims and background Sensitive reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction-based techniques for detection of epithelial antigen expression, such as cytokeratin 19, in the peripheral blood mononuclear fraction of prostate cancer patients may allow the detection of tumor progression at A molecular level. Methods We studied cytokeratin 19 expression by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction in peripheral blood mononuclear cell samples of 10 control men and serially in 44 patients with prostate cancer every three months for 18 months. Results None of the 10 normal control men expressed cytokeratin 19 in their peripheral blood mononuclear fraction. In the patients, cytokeratin 19 positivity at entry was not associated with age, Gleason score, clinical stage, prostate-specific antigen or alkaline phosphatase. Interestingly, having at least one positive cytokeratin 19 result during follow-up correlated significantly with time to prostate-specific antigen progression (P = 0.049), especially in the subgroup of metastatic patients (P = 0.032). Conclusions We conclude that cytokeratin 19 expression by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction in the peripheral blood mononuclear cell fraction of prostate cancer patients correlates with time to prostate-specific antigen progression. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings.
Oral Glutamine Ameliorates Chemotherapy-induced Changes of Intestinal Permeability and Does not Interfere with the Antitumor Effect of Chemotherapy in Patients with Breast Cancer: A Prospective Randomized Trial
Authors: Li Yousheng , Yu Zeping , Liu Fangnan , Tan Li , Wu Bo , Li Jieshou 
Published: April 2018

Aims and Background Sixty patients with breast cancer were randomly assigned to oral glutamine or placebo pre-neoadju-vant chemotherapy (CEF regimen). Methods and Study Design Oral glutamine supplementation was continued for at least 12 days. Patients kept a daily record of diarrhea and stomatitis. The plasma glutamine level, intestinal permeability (lactulose-mannitol test), and tumor size were analyzed. The expression of Ki-67 and PCNA antigens in breast carcinoma was assessed. Results The plasma glutamine level was significantly higher in the glutamine group than in the placebo group (420.39 ± 52.39 mmol/L vs 309.76 ± 42.34 mmoi/L, P <0.05). After one cycle of chemotherapy, the lactulose-mannitol ratio was higher in the placebo group than in the glutamine group (0.0630 ± 0.0091 vs 0.0471 ± 0.0094, P <0.05). No differences were observed in the grades of stomatitis and diarrhea, in the changes in tumor size, and in the expression of Ki-67 and PCNA antigens between the two groups. Conclusions Prophylactic oral glutamine could ameliorate the neoadjuvant chemotherapy-induced increase in intestinal permeability, but had no significant positive clinical effect on stomatitis and diarrhea and did not interfere with the antitumor effect of chemotherapy.
Comorbidity as a Prognostic Factor in Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Gonlugur Tanseli Efeoglu , Gonlugur Ugur 
Published: April 2018

Aims and Background Many factors have prognostic significance in small cell lung cancer (SCLC). The aim of this study was to define the prognostic factors influencing the response to therapy and the survival in SCLC. Methods A consecutive series of 90 patients with SCLC was analyzed retrospectively using 32 pretreatment and 3 treatment-related prognostic factors with respect to their influence on survival. Prognostic factors were evaluated by univariate analysis and by the Cox multivariate regression model. Patients who survived more than 2 months were included in the univariate analysis. Results The median survival of the whole population was 7 months, with a 1-year survival rate of 20%. In univariate analysis, prognosis was significantly influenced by gender, comorbidity, thoracic irradiation, receipt of more than 3 cycles of chemotherapy, response to chemotherapy, and performance status. The Cox model identified comorbidity (P = 0.03), receipt of more than 3 cycles of chemotherapy (P = 0.003) and response to chemotherapy (P = 0.002) as the only significant factors. Conclusions The prognosis of SCLC is poor, and comorbidity information should be included in prognostic studies.
Comportamento Elettroforetico di Estratti di Sarcoma di Rous Sottoposti ad Ultracentrifugazione
Authors: Caputo Antonio 
Published: April 2018

Results are referred on the electrophoretic behaviour of Rous sarcoma extracts. The supernatant obtained by serial centrifugations of the extracts (some of which at high speedness) has six components with the following mobilities: 10,3; 8,3; 6,5; 4,5; 2,3; and 0,4 × 10−5 cm2 volt−1sec−1. Such components are respectively: polysaccharidic acids, nucleic acids, nucleoproteins, albumins, globulins and hemogloblin. The experiments carried out for the study of the infectiousness showed that the tumor induction is correlated with the fraction which may be separated by electrophoresis and is characterized by the ultraviolet spectrum of nucleic substances.
LO SCARICO VENOSO DELL'ARTO SUPERIORE IN RAPPORTO AL CANCRO DI MAMMELLA
Authors: Pozzi G. , Leoni-Orsenigo S. 
Published: April 2018

Phlebographic investigations were undertaken in patients with mammary cancer and in patients radically operated for the same cancer, in order to study: 1) a participation of the venous blood circulation in the pathogenesis of oedema of the upper limb (chiefly of the post-operation « thick arm »); 2) the possibility of a neoplastic nature (exstrinsic or intrinsic) of the venous lesions. Some cases are illustrated. A hindered venous outflow may be admitted and the neoplastic nature of the venous lesions appears quite evident.
Su un Raro Caso di Melanoblastoma Primitivo Sub-Ungueale
Authors: Sinigaglia Giacomo M. , Bagolan Piero 
Published: April 2018

A case of a largely achromic melanoblastoma of the thumb (right hand) arising from the subungual layer is described. This tumour is worth being particularly considered, because of its unfrequent occurrence and clinical peculiarities; furthermore it may be diagnosed (at least at first) as a chronic phlogistic process.
Modificazioni Dell'Epitelio Cutaneo Ed Annessi in Sede Di « Oncogenesi Secondaria » Nel Ratto
Authors: Carminati Valentino , Chirico Mario 
Published: April 2018

Marked hyperplastic-dysplastic processes have been found to occur in the epithelium and cutaneous annexes contemporaneously with a sarcoma developing at the site of injiection of silicic anhydride alone in rats bearing opposite benzopyrene sarcoma. Such phenomena are also present, though at a lesser extente, in the epithelium and annexes overlying the primary benzpyrene tumour. A comparative evaluation is given and explanations are suggested basing upon data from the literature about collateral hyperplasia, upon phenomena involving the organizing and trophic determination of the connective tissue and upon the hypothesis of an eventual fixation of subliminal doses of the carcinogen present in the opposite side. Aim of this paper is to prelude to further experimental investigations in order to clarify the unknown mechanisms which determine the above described hyperplastic-dysplastic processes.
Considerazioni su 100 Casi di Cancro Bilaterale Della Mammella
Authors: Bucalossi P. , Catania V. C. , Rock T. 
Published: April 2018

100 cases (2.77 per cent) of bilateral mammary cancer (simultaneous occurrence in 26 and consecutive in 74) were observed out of 3600 patients hospitalized for mammary cancer. Operability was considered to be the most suitable criterio for the recognition of the primary tumour. Numerous anamnestic factors have been considered in order to explain the prevalence of bilateral mammary cancer in some patients, but no convincing evidence was reached. Patients affected by bilateral cancer showed, in comparison with other groups, a more prolonged genital life. It was furthermore observed that: 1) the site of occurence in the different breast quadrants is unrelated to the classical routes of lymphatic spread; 2) patients with invasion of lymphnodes of the internal mammary chain show a much more severe prognosis; 3) five-year results do not differ in patients with bilateral or unilateral breast cancer; they are rather dependent upon invasion of regional nodes. Personal and literature results show that the so-called prophylactic removal of the healthy breast does not improve results after 5 years.
Dell'« Oncogenesi Secondaria » : Apporto Sperimentale All'Interpretazione
Authors: Carminati V. , Chirico M. 
Published: April 2018

1) A cross experiment has been carried out with primary tumour and granuloma distally located (left groin and right axilla). The existence of the biological phenomenon which is named by the Authors « secondary oncogenesis » is confirmed. 2) In this case the statistical incidence of the phenomenon was proved to be lower. This predictable observation would support the presence of a realizing factor. Owing to a higher dispersion due to such experimental conditions, this factor would be fixed in the granuloma in even more sub-liminal doses, sometimes unable to induce oncogenesis.
Variazioni Siero-Proteiche in Ratti Portatori Di Tumore, Prima E Dopo Irradiazione
Authors: Bozzetti E. , Magrassi B. 
Published: April 2018

Sera from rats implanted with Walker carcinoma or benzpyrene sarcoma in the posterior region of the thigh, have, been electrophoretically studied. Some of these animals were kept as controls, others treated with Roentgen radiations confined to the neoplastic area, being radiations started when the tumour had reached approximately the size of a pea. The electrophoretic patterns of the irradiated tumour-bearing animals, with slower tumour growth and consequent higher survival, showed deep alterations due to a severe albumin decrease and manifest changes in the globulin fractions. Of the globulin fractions, especially the on proved to be highly increased and frequently joined to albumins. The non irradiated tumour-bearing animals showed, though to a lesser extent, altered seroprotein records even in the late stages of the disease.
Azione Dell'Insulina Sul Metabolismo Degli Organi Di Ratto Normale E Di Ratto Portatore Di Sarcoma Da Benzopirene
Authors: Castro V. , Terranova T. 
Published: April 2018

Normal rats and rats bearing benzpyrene sarcoma either initial (mean weight of the growth g 3.5) or advanced (mean weight g 30-50), were fasted for 24 hours and then given 4 I.U. insulin. Tissue free amino acids level, oxygen consumption, some oxidative enzymatic activities, glycogen, total phosphorus and labile ATP phosphorus of various organs have been studied following the insulin administration. A more or less appreciable difference in the insuline action on free amino acids and oxygen consumption was noticeable between tumour- bearing and normal animals; this difference is more marked in cases of advanced tumour. Of the various aminoacids taken into consideration, aspartic acid, glutamic acid and alanine showed the most marked changes, likely in relation to particular metabolic requirements of the tumour-bearing animals. Glycogen, total phosphorus and labile A.T.P. phosphorus were not seen to be remarkably modified by insulin treatment in tumour-bearing animals as compared to normal ones.
La Specificità Sierologica Di Organo Nel Fegato Normale e Nel Fegato Rigenerante Di Ratto
Authors: Clerici E. , Guidotti G. , Bazzano E. 
Published: April 2018

Mitochondrial and microsomal fractions from normal and regenerating rat livers were isolated by differential centrifugation, Specific and aspecific antibodies were produced by intravenous injection of the above fractions into the rabbits ears. The aspecific antibodies were adsorbed by a mixed suspension of rat kidney mitochondria and microsomes. The adsorbed antisera were tested with the normal and regenerating liver antigens in presence of a complete hemolytic system. It appeared that the complement was fixed either in presence of normal or regenerating liver antigens by the antibodies derived from both of them. Therefore it can be concluded that, in contrast with the hepatomas, the regenerating liver keeps its organ specificity, in spite of some of its biochemical features imitating the tumoral ones.
I Tumori Benigni Dello Stomaco: Considerazioni su 27 casi personali
Authors: Veronesi U. , Peruzzotti R. , Antonelli A. , Pellegris G. 
Published: April 2018

27 Authors’ own cases of benign tumours of the stomach are referred: 17 polyps, 4 myomas, 3 neurilemmomas, 1 neurofibroma, 1 fibroma, 1 glomic tumour. In 15 cases symptomatology had occurred less than 1 year before admission, in 5 cases from 1 to 4 years, in 4 from 4 to 8 years, whereas in 3 cases symptoms have been present for more than 8 years. The most frequent symptoms were found to be: pain (78 per cent), and epigastric heaviness (79 per cent). Less frequent were pyrosis (37 per cent), nausea (29 per cent), loss of weight (29 per cent), vomiting (22 per cent), melena (15 per cent). Males appeared to be more affected (83 per cent) than females (37 per cent). The site more involved by gastric benign tumours was observed to be, not unlike carcinomas, the antropyloric region. Basing on this ascertainment, the hypothesis is discussed that the same etiologic factors which act in the gastric carcinogenesis may have part in the genesis of benign neoformations of the stomach.
Il Quadro Cromatografico Dei 17-Chetosteroidi Urinari in Varie Forme di Emolinfopatia
Authors: Molinatti G. M. , Camanni F. , Resegotti L. 
Published: April 2018

A study on steroid hormone metabolism in 24 cases of blood dyscrasias has been performed through chemical determination of urinary 17-ketosteroids and 17-hydroxycorticosteroids and chromatographic analysis of the former. Corticoids appeared to be preferentially decreased in acute leukemia, chronic myelogenous leukemia and polycythemia, while in chronic lymphatic leukemia and in Waldenstrom's disease 17-ketosteroids were affected as well. The chromatographic analysis of 17-ketosteroids showed that fractions IV and V, corresponding to androsterone and etiocholanolone, are decreased in almost all cases. High and bifid peaks III are constantly found in polycythemia and haemophilia; changes of peak III of a minor importance are occasionally found in all types of leukemia. The significance of the data observed is discussed from the point of view of steroid metabolism and a hypothesis is presented to explain the mechanism of the changes occurring in pattern of the various chromatographic fractions of 17-ketosteroids.
Inibizione Dell'attivita β-Glicuronidasica Urinaria in Malati di Tumore Vescicale Mediante Somministrazione di Saccarolattone
Authors: Mattea E. , Pietra E. , Viola M. R. 
Published: April 2018

The effect of a mixture of saccharo-lactones (1:4 and 3:6 lactone) on the urinary β-glucuronidase has been studied in subjects with tumours of the urinary bladder. The administration of this mixture in a daily dose of 4 g of each lactone for 4 days produced an average diminution of the enzyme activity of the 80 per cent. Collateral researches showed that in patients bearing malignant tumours of the urinary bladder the β-glucuronidase activity is higher than normal. Interpretations are advanced on the causes of this enzymatic increase, and it is suggested that saccharo-lactones may be effectively employed in the prophylaxis of vesical tumours only when the mechanism responsible for the β-glucuronidase increase is clearly demonstrated.
Sul Trattamento Del Carcinoma Uterino e Delle Diffusioni Parametrali Con la Telecobaltoterapia
Authors: Buraggi G. L. , Romanini A. , Roncoroni L. 
Published: April 2018

In the present paper account is given to the different methods of telecobaltotherapy of the uterus, parametrium and pelvic lymph nodes, both in patients previously submitted to radiumtherapy and in untreated ones. The method of choice is still the pendulum therapy with double axis of rotation. Another method is however suggested which, owing to its easy performance, may be employed on a large scale: the employ of two opposite fields, with medial protection of the lower half of the field. The isodoses constructed on the puppet and those employed in order to obtain in the patients the isodoses curves with different sizes of the antero-posterior diameter are presented.
Considerazioni Cliniche e Istomorfologiche Su 230 Casi di Mammella Secernente
Authors: Veronesi U. , Bianco R. , Bellini F. 
Published: April 2018

230 cases with mammary secretion observed at the Cancer Institute of Milan from 1928 to 1958 are reported. In 96 out of the 230 cases the secretion was dependent on a mammary carcinoma, in 58 on a cystic disease, in 33 on a papillomatosis, in 25 on manifestations of other type. The secretion was hematic in 187 cases (81 per cent), serous in 37 (16 per cent) and of different type in 6 (3 per cent). The hematic secretion was more frequently found in the cases of carcinoma (97 per cent) than in papillomatosis (76 per cent) or cystic disease (67 per cent). In 145 cases a palpable mass was present in the mammary gland. In 85 cases, on the other hand, no palpable mass was found. In 17 of these oases (i.e. in a fifth of the cases) the explorative operation revealed a carcinoma, mainly intraductal. Relating these data to the 4675 cases of carcinoma, cystic disease and ductal papillomatosis observed at the Cancer Institute during 30 years, it is remarked that the mammary secretion represents a symptom which is rare in mammary carcinoma (96 out of 4,000 cases, or the 2.4 per cent), less unfrequent in the cystic disease (56 out of 605 cases, or the 9.6 per cent) and very frequent in the ductal papillomatosis (33 out of 70 cases, or the 47 per cent).
Lack of Carcinogenic Effects of Isonicotinic Acid Hydrazide in the Syrian Golden Hamsters
Authors: Toth Bela , Shubik Philippe 
Published: April 2018

Isonicotinic acid hydrazide (INH) was administered as a 0.3 % solution for 42 weeks intermittently and as a 0.2 and 0.1 % solutions continuously in the drinking water for the lifespan of adult Syrian golden hamsters. 0.3 % INH solution was found to be too toxic, therefore it had to be given periodically and finally the treatment had to be stopped, while 0.2 and 0.1 % INH solutions were relatively well tolerated during the entire life of the animals. The consumption of INH resulted in no detectable tumorigenic effect in the treated hamsters. It is concluded that the drug is apparently no carcinogenic in this species. In view of the fact that the tumor producing capability of INH was shown by numerous studies in mice, the matter of selective neoplastic response in the various species is discussed and emphasized.