bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trends in the health status of Ukrainian refugees in Norway according to month of arrival during 2022
Authors: Labberton Angela S. , Ozeryansky Larisa , Helland Ylva , Skogheim Thea Steen , Hansen Tonya Moen 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
More than 35 000 refugees from Ukraine applied for temporary collective protection in Norway during 2022. Previous studies have shown that the refugees have poor health in several domains, and crude reports have suggested that those fleeing Ukraine at later stages have even poorer health. However, more systematic knowledge is lacking. This study aimed to analyse trends in self-reported health in a sample of adult refugees from Ukraine, by month of arrival to Norway during 2022.

Methods
Data were collected via an online, digital questionnaire, in a cross-sectional study design between 28.10.22–31.01.23. Recruitment was via multiple physical and social media contact points, including asylum reception centres, municipalities, non-profit organisations, and Facebook groups for refugees in Norway. The survey included the following self-reported health outcomes: overall health, oral health, presence of long-term illnesses or disabilities, and a short version of the Hopkins Symptom Checklist (HSCL-5).

Results
Among the 727 respondents, 82% were female, 65% were aged 30–49 years, 69% had higher education and 53% were responsible for children in Norway. There were 383 respondents who arrived between February-April (T1), 200 between May-August (T2) and 144 between September-December (T3). Compared to T1, respondents who arrived in the two later time periods were more often male, had younger age distributions, and were less likely to have completed higher education. The proportions of respondents reporting poor/very poor overall health, presence of long-term illnesses and long-term disabilities were highest in T3. Oral health and HSCL-5 showed the opposite trend, with lower proportions reporting poorer health among respondents in both later periods. Respondents in T3 were still more likely to report poor/very poor health and long-term illnesses after adjusting for sex, age group and education (adjusted odds ratio, aOR: 2.71 [95%CI 1.51–4.89]) and 1.74 [1.14–2.65], respectively).

Conclusions
Respondents who arrived later in 2022 generally reported poorer long-term health, but less psychological distress than those who arrived earlier in the year. These findings may help inform the planning of health services for refugees from Ukraine, especially in areas receiving large numbers of refugees.
Diagnostic imaging, therapeutic interventions and suggestions for thoracic duct congestion in postoperative hepatic lymphorrhea: a retrospective analysis of 20 cases
Authors: Liu Xin , Liu Zhong , Shen Wenbin , Xia Song , Sun Yuguang , Chang Kun , Xin Jianfeng , An Ran , Liang Chen , Zhou Chenxiao 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Objective
To retrospectively evaluate thoracic duct (TD) congestion in hepatic lymphorrhea (HL) and propose treatment suggestions.

Methods
Retrospectively analyze cases of postoperative HL admitted from August 2007 to November 2023. Twenty cases were enrolled and followed up. The medical history, ascites characteristics, lymphoscintigraphy, direct lymphangiography, and other clinical data were reviewed.

Results
Twenty patients with ascites after cholecystectomy or radical gastrectomy were included. There were 15 patients with cirrhosis and 5 patients with hepatitis. Ascites were light yellow even if the patients had a non-low-fat diet. Triglyceride level mean of ascites was 0.61 ± 0.20 mmol/L. There were 94.1% (16/17) of patients whose ascitic cholesterol ≥ 45 mg/dL or SAAG < 11.0 g/L. Mild abdominal radioactivity was shown in 89.5% (17/19) patients. Left subclavian-jugular venous angle radioactivity was observed in 84.2% (16/19) patients. In 10% (2/20) cases, lipiodol presenting as oil droplets traveled upwards quickly and flowed into the vein rapidly. In 90% (18/20) cases, tortuous and dilated thoracic duct, stagnant lipiodol, and poor flow into the vein were demonstrated. One patient refused treatment and died soon. By thoracic duct outlet reconstruction combined with other treatments, 16 patients were cured and the ascites of another 3 patients were controlled.

Conclusions
TD congestion and elevated lymphatic pressure could be caused by increased lymph flow and TD outlet stenosis. TD decompression by outlet reconstruction may be an alternative approach to HL.
Single stage direct -to- implant breast reconstruction following mastectomy (The use of Ultrapro® Mesh)
Authors: Ibraheem Maher H. , Essawy Omnia Mohammed Mohammed , Moaz Inas , Osman Zakaria Saeed Mohammed , Omara Yomna Sherif , farouk Amr , Amin Ahmed , Elzohery Yasmine Hany Abdel Moamen , Awad Mohammed Gamal Ahmed 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Immediate breast reconstruction (IBR) with direct to implant (DTI) is the preferred method of reconstruction by many surgeons and patients, however, acellular dermal matrix (ADM) and other synthetic meshes are expensive especially in low- and middle-income countries.

Aim of the work
To evaluate the technique, indications, aesthetic outcomes, and short and long-term complications of DTI breast reconstruction performed with Ultrapro®, a low-cost alternative mesh to ADM and other synthetic meshes.

Methods
Our study is a prospective cohort study that was conducted on 133 patients who experienced IBR following nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM) or skin sparing mastectomy (SSM) using silicone implants and Ultrapro® mesh between December 2020 and December 2023. Techniques used were either sub-pectoral or pre-pectoral, evaluating aesthetic outcome, complication rate and patient satisfaction using breast Q questionnaire.

Results
We included 133 patients (141 breasts) with a median age of 39 years. Mean duration of follow up: 20.364 ± 5.39 months. The sub-pectoral and the pre pectoral techniques were used for 80 breasts and 61 breasts respectively. We used the Ultrapro® mesh in all our patients. Smooth round silicone implants were used. The overall Major complications rate was 16.3%. 8 implants (5.7%) were lost within 6 months post-operatively while 2 implants were removed in the late post-operative period (after 6 months) one due to rupture and the other due to local recurrence.
Capsular contracture Baker 3 and 4 was observed in 36 breasts (25%), 31 of them had post mastectomy radiotherapy treatment. 11 (7.8%) were managed by capsulotomies and re-insertion of the same implant.
Radiotherapy was a significant risk factors for major complications and capsular contracture with p value of (0.01) and (0.0001) respectively.

Conclusion
DTI in properly selected patients offers excellent outcomes and patient satisfaction. The complication rate is low and improves with the experience of the surgeon. The Ultrapro® mesh is a safe, low-cost alternative to ADM or other synthetic meshes especially in low socioeconomic countries. Radiotherapy is a significant risk factor for major complications and capsular contractures.
A new method for estimating recent adult mortality from summary sibling histories
Authors: Masquelier Bruno , Menashe-Oren Ashira , Reniers Georges , Timæus Ian M. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
In low- and middle-income countries with limited death registration statistics, adult mortality rates are commonly estimated through sibling survival histories (SSH). In full SSH, respondents are asked about either the age, or the age and time of death, of each of their siblings in turn. Full SSH allow direct mortality estimation but can be time-consuming to collect. In this study, we introduce a new indirect estimation method using summary SSH, requiring only a limited set of questions to produce recent mortality estimates.

Methods
We developed a set of 192 microsimulations representing a wide range of fertility and mortality patterns, and reconstructed summary SSH within these simulations as if they had been collected from adults aged 15–49. For each age group of respondents, we calculated coefficients that convert the proportion of adult siblings who died in the previous 5 years into age-specific mortality rates. We then evaluated the performance of this new method with real data, using 154 Demographic and Health Surveys.

Results
The new indirect method provides mortality rates that are consistent with direct estimates from full SSH. Across all DHS, the mean absolute percentage error in the risk of dying in adulthood (ages 15–49) is 6% for both men and women. In all but one survey, 95% confidence intervals around the direct and indirect estimates overlap. As with direct estimates of adult mortality from SSH, the indirect estimates remain, however, lower than those of the Population Division of the United Nations.

Conclusions
Summary questions on sibling survival can be included in censuses and rapid turn-around surveys for the measurement of recent adult mortality.
A new method to predict return of spontaneous circulation by peripheral intravenous analysis during cardiopulmonary resuscitation: a rat model pilot study
Authors: Balzer Claudius , Eagle Susan S. , Baudenbacher Franz J. , Riess Matthias L. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Enhancing venous return during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) can lead to better hemodynamics and improved outcome after cardiac arrest (CA). Peripheral Intravenous Analysis (PIVA) provides feedback on venous flow changes and may indicate an increase in venous return and cardiac output during CPR. We hypothesize PIVA can serve as an early indicator of increased venous return, preceding end-tidal CO2 (etCO2) increase, before the return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) in a rat model of CA and CPR.

Results
Eight male Wistar rats were intubated and ventilated, and etCO2 was measured. Vessels were cannulated in the tail vein, femoral vein, femoral artery, and central venous and connected to pressure transducers. Ventilation was discontinued to achieve asphyxial CA. After 8 min, CPR began with ventilation, epinephrine, and automated chest compressions 200 times per minute until mean arterial pressure increased to 120 mmHg. Waveforms were recorded and analyzed. PIVA was calculated using a Fourier transformation of venous waveforms. Data are mean ± SE. Maximum PIVA values occurred in the tail vein 34.7 ± 2.9 s before ROSC, with subsequent PIVA peaks in femoral vein and centrally at 30.9 ± 5.4 and 25.1 ± 5.0 s, respectively. All PIVA peaks preceded etCO2 increase (21.5 ± 3.2 s before ROSC).

Conclusion
PIVA consistently detected venous pressure changes prior to changes in etCO2. This suggests that PIVA has the potential to serve as an important indicator of venous return and cardiac output during CPR, and also as a predictor of ROSC.
Comparing Population-General and Sport-Specific Correlates of Disordered Eating Amongst Elite Athletes: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Fatt Scott J. , George Emma , Hay Phillipa , Jeacocke Nikki , Mitchison Deborah 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Despite the high prevalence of disordered eating and eating disorders amongst elite athletes, it remains unclear whether risk factors and psychological processes align with those in the general population or if there are unique sport-factors associated with heightened risk. This cross-sectional study investigated if sport-specific factors (including pressures and psychological processes) explained additional variance in elite athletes’ disordered eating symptoms, controlling for established population-general risk factors. Current elite athletes (N = 178, 72.4% female, mean age = 23.9, standard deviation age = 7.0) completed online surveys assessing disordered eating, body dissatisfaction, perfectionistic traits, population-general and sport-specific pressures, as well as general (thin-ideal, muscular-ideal) and athlete-specific (drive for leanness for performance, athletic identity) psychological processes.

Results
Disordered eating was highly prevalent, with 78.2% of athletes reporting at least moderate risk, 46.4% at least high risk, and 20.6% very high risk. Controlling for demographic covariates and population-general pressures, sport-specific pressures explained significant additional variance (13.5%) in disordered eating. Even when controlling for perfectionistic traits, greater weight pressures in sport (β = .35) was uniquely associated with greater disordered eating. In a separate multivariate analysis controlling for covariates and general psychological processes, athlete-specific psychologicalprocesses explained significant additional variance (15.5%) in disordered eating. Even when controlling for body dissatisfaction, greater drive for leanness for performance (β = .17) and athletic identity (β = .13) were uniquely associated with greater disordered eating.

Conclusions
These findings support evidence that elite athletes may experience dual pressures and psychological processes associated with disordered eating: those congruent with appearance-oriented models and others independent of appearance. This duality should be considered in the modification of interventions for disordered eating in elite athletes.

Key points

Disordered eating was highly prevalent in a sample of 178 elite adult athletes, with 78.2% reporting at least moderate risk for having related symptoms or behaviours.

Greater weightpressuresinsport was significantly associated with greater disordered eating, even when controlling for demographic covariates and population-general appearance-related pressures from family and the media.

Both appearance-based (drive for thinness, body dissatisfaction) and non-appearance (drive for leanness for performance, athletic identity) psychological processes were uniquely associated with greater disordered eating.
A rare case of endotracheal tube cuff leakage with no detectable decrease in cuff pressure
Authors: Nagasawa Keiichi , Nishibata Masayuki , Luthe Sarah Kyuragi , Kawamata Tomoyuki 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Common causes of air leakage around an endotracheal tube include insufficient endotracheal tube cuff inflation and damage to the cuff, while damage to the pilot balloon or pilot balloon tubing is relatively rare.

Case presentation
A 74-year-old female with vertebral osteomyelitis was scheduled for an extreme lateral interbody fusion followed posterior fixation. A fiber-optic light was utilized as part of the surgical illuminator. A sudden decrease in tidal volume and airway pressure was noted intraoperatively. We suspected leakage around the endotracheal tube cuff; however, no decrease in cuff pressure was detected. Despite the normal cuff pressure, we decided to inject a small amount of air which led to a significant increase in the cuff pressure. Upon careful inspection of the endotracheal tube, we discovered that the pilot balloon tubing was damaged as a result of thermal energy emitted by the fiber-optic light, which had ignited the surgical drape. The pilot balloon tubing was partially severed in which the section proximal to the endotracheal tube cuff was burned and punctured, causing the cuff leak. Meanwhile, the section proximal to the pilot balloon had melted and occluded the lumen, resulting in a falsely normal cuff pressure reading followed by an elevated cuff pressure when a small amount of air was injected into the pilot balloon during troubleshooting. Appropriate ventilation was resumed after extubation and re-intubation with a new endotracheal tube.

Conclusions
We experienced an endotracheal tube cuff leakage caused by a damaged pilot balloon tubing due to thermal energy of the fiber-optic light. Our case report emphasizes the importance of suspecting damage to the endotracheal tube cuff and inflation system despite a normal cuff pressure reading, given that the measurement may be falsely elevated depending on the specific location of the damage. In addition, all operating personnel should be familiarized with safety warnings and cautions related to handling.
Serum lipid profile of patients with gallstone disease in rural Western Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Siva Kundrapu Veera Venkata , Agrawal Puneet , Kumar Prashant , Fatima Anam , Ahmad Naved 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Gallstone disease is a common gastrointestinal disorder with varying prevalence across regions. This study explores the demographics and lipid profiles of individuals with cholelithiasis, emphasizing the association between metabolic syndrome and gallstone formation.

Methodology
A prospective study was conducted, including 100 outpatients with cholelithiasis. Demographic data, lipid profiles, and comorbidities were recorded, and statistical analysis was performed.

Results
A higher prevalence of gallstones was recorded in the 20–29 age group and among females. Lipid profiles revealed elevated levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), and triglycerides in individuals with metabolic syndrome. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels were notably lower in those with metabolic syndrome. Age and gender disparities in metabolic syndrome prevalence were observed, with statistical significance noted in gender-based differences. Serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels did not significantly differ between individuals with and without metabolic syndrome.

Conclusion
The findings indicated elevated lipid profiles, particularly low HDL, are associated with metabolic syndrome in gallstone patients. Further understanding of these associations can aid in preventive strategies and targeted interventions.
Polyploidy-mediated resilience in hepatic aging: molecular mechanisms and functional implication
Authors: Addissouky Tamer A. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Polyploidization, a process where cells acquire additional chromosome sets, is a unique characteristic of hepatocytes. This process has been increasingly recognized as an adaptive mechanism for maintaining liver function during aging, a period characterized by cellular senescence, DNA damage, and metabolic dysregulation.

Purpose
This review explores the molecular mechanisms underlying hepatocyte polyploidization and its potential role in promoting resilience against the aging-related decline in liver function. We assess how polyploid hepatocytes contribute to genomic stability, stress resistance, and metabolic adaptation, highlighting their relevance to liver aging.

Main body
Hepatocyte polyploidization occurs through mechanisms such as cytokinesis failure and endoreplication, leading to binuclear or mononuclear polyploid cells. Polyploid hepatocytes exhibit enhanced DNA repair capacity, which helps mitigate the accumulation of age-related genomic damage. The increased gene dosage in polyploid cells facilitates better stress responses, particularly against oxidative stress and genotoxic insults. Metabolic adaptations, including enhanced xenobiotic metabolism and lipid regulation, further support the liver’s ability to maintain homeostasis during aging. Additionally, polyploid cells demonstrate altered epigenetic landscapes and proteostasis mechanisms, contributing to improved cellular function and reduced susceptibility to senescence. These adaptations collectively enhance liver resilience against age-related metabolic and structural challenges.

Conclusion
Hepatocyte polyploidization represents a critical protective mechanism in liver aging, promoting cellular adaptations that safeguard against genomic instability, metabolic dysfunction, and oxidative stress. Understanding the molecular pathways driving polyploidization could pave the way for novel therapeutic strategies to combat age-related liver disorders and enhance health span.

Graphical Abstract
Clinical Management of Ovarian Function Suppression in Premenopausal Women With Breast Cancer: A Survey of Members of ASCO
Authors: Kelly Catherine M. , Bennett Kathleen E. , Cahir Caitriona , Eisen Andrea , Pusztai Lajos 
Published: November 2024

PURPOSE
Ovarian function suppression (OFS) with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists (GnRHas) is a standard of care for premenopausal patients with high-risk stage II/III hormone receptor–positive breast cancer (BC). Practical guidance on the optimal choice of GnRHa, timing, schedule, and monitoring is limited. Our aim was to determine how oncologists use OFS in routine care.

METHODS
We designed a questionnaire to determine the choice of GnRHa, schedule, duration, initiation, use of bone modifiers, and monitoring of estradiol (E2). The questionnaire was sent to oncologists treating BC, in practice for >1 year and participating in the ASCO Research Survey Pool (RSP). It was also forwarded by investigators to oncologists meeting these criteria. The survey was open between November 14, 2023, and January 5, 2024.

RESULTS
Of 996 oncologists participating in the ASCO RSP, 178 (18%) completed the survey. An additional 56 oncologists contacted by investigators responded. Respondents were from the United States (57%), Asia (15%), and Europe (14%). Goserelin (54%) and leuprolide (39%) were the most frequently used GnRHas and were administered once every month by 46%. Approaches to starting GnRHas were varied. Most continued them for the duration of aromatase inhibitor therapy (57%). Estradiol monitoring was performed regularly, sometimes, or never by 43%, 27%, and 27%, respectively. The E2 assays used were standard (65%), ultrasensitive (16%), and unknown (14%). Interpreting E2 assay results were considered difficult by 55%; however, 62% of oncologists changed treatment on the basis of them. A total of 92% of respondents would like ASCO guidance on the practical use of OFS.

CONCLUSION
Considerable practice variation exists for similar clinical scenarios in OFS administration. Respondents would welcome ASCO guidance on all aspects of OFS.