bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Giant Poisson's Effect for Wrinkle‐Free Stretchable Transparent Electrodes
Authors: Wang Yan , Liu Qihan , Zhang Jianming , Hong Tianzeng , Sun Wenting , Tang Lu , Arnold Eric , Suo Zhigang , Hong Wei , Ren Zhifeng , Guo Chuan Fei 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe next generation of flexible electronics will require highly stretchable and transparent electrodes, many of which consist of a relatively stiff metal network (or carbon materials) and an underlying soft substrate. Typically, such a stiff–soft bilayer suffers from wrinkling or folding when subjected to strains, causing high surface roughness and seriously deteriorated optical transparency. In this work, a network with a giant effective Poisson's ratio on a soft substrate is found to be under biaxial tension upon deformation, and thus does not wrinkle or fold, but maintains smooth surfaces and high transparency. Soft tactile sensors employing such network electrodes exhibit high transparency and low fatigue over many stretching cycles. Such a giant Poisson's ratio has the same effect in other systems. This work offers a new understanding of surface instabilities and a general strategy to prevent them not only in flexible electronics, but also in other materials and mechanical structures that require flat surfaces.
Omni‐Liquid Droplet Manipulation Platform
Authors: Guo Junchang , Wang Dehui , Sun Qiangqiang , Li Linxian , Zhao Huaixia , Wang Dongsheng , Cui Jiaxi , Chen Longquan , Deng Xu 
Published: July 2019

AbstractDroplet manipulation is of importance in a wide range of applications in biomedicine, chemical analysis, and synthesis, among other fields. Over the past decade, extensive efforts are made to develop different strategies of transporting droplets by using various external stimuli. However, these methods could fail to manipulate some complex liquids with a low surface tension, high viscosity, or corrosivity. Herein, a magnetic digital microfluidics platform (MDMP) that is capable of manipulating almost all liquid droplets is described. The MDMP is designed by combining a magnet‐controlled deformable substrate and a slippery liquid‐infused surface. Such a structure allows creating a site‐specific gravitational potential gradient to propel droplets under different conditions. It is demonstrated that this MDMP can rapidly and reversibly transport various liquids for specimen sorting, chemical reactions, and accelerating mixing. It is envisioned that this universal droplet manipulation device will lay the foundation to achieve a wide variety of autonomous open channel fluidic device applications.
CO2‐Mediated H2 Storage‐Release with Nanostructured Catalysts: Recent Progresses, Challenges, and Perspectives
Authors: Asefa Tewodros , Koh Katherine , Yoon Chang Won 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIt has increasingly become clear that economic growth worldwide based on fossil fuel energy supply cannot be sustained; thus, alternative, renewable energy sources and carriers must be urgently developed to maintain growth. Dihydrogen (H2), which can produce energy without generating environmental pollutants, can play a major role in this endeavor. However, to use H2 in renewable energy systems, systems and materials that can store and transport it, or convert it into easier‐to‐handle/transport synthetic fuels, need to be developed. In this article, first, many of the issues related to both homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts that are being developed to help H2's use as energy carrier are discussed. More focus is then given to heterogeneous nanocatalysts that are developed for reversible CO2‐mediated hydrogenation and dehydrogenation reactions involving chemical hydrogen carriers and delivery systems, mainly formic acid/CO2 and formate/bicarbonate. The challenges associated with the development of nanocatalysts based on earth‐abundant elements for dehydrogenation and hydrogenation reactions of these compounds for H2 storage and release are emphasized in the discussions. Finally, the pressing research questions and major issues that need to be addressed in the near future to help the realization of the “hydrogen economy” are outlined.
Metal‐Free, Facile Synthesis of Sulfenylated Chromones and Indoles Promoted by an Aqueous HBr−DMSO System
Authors: Sorabad Ganesh Shivayogappa , Maddani Mahagundappa Rachappa 
Published: July 2019

AbstractA regioselective, metal‐free and convenient approach for the synthesis of sulfenylated chromones and indoles promoted by a simple yet effective combination of aqueous HBr−DMSO was developed. This method affords various substituted sulfenylated chromones, indoles and enaminones in excellent yields and in a short period of time.
Ionic Liquid Lignosulfonate: Dispersant and Binder for Preparation of Biocomposite Materials
Authors: Guterman Ryan , Molinari Valerio , Josef Elinor 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIonic liquid lignins are prepared from sodium lignosulfonate by a cation exchange reaction and display glass transition temperatures as low as −13 °C. Diethyleneglycol‐functionalized protic cations inhibit lignin aggregation to produce a free‐flowing “ionic liquid lignin”, despite it being a high‐molecular‐weight polyelectrolyte. Through this approach, the properties of both lignin and ionic liquids are combined to create a dispersant and binder for cellulose+gluten mixtures to produce small microphases. Biocomposite testing pieces are produced by hot‐pressing this mixture, yielding a material with fewer defects and improved toughness in comparison to other lignins. The use of unmodified lignosulfonate, acetylated lignosulfonate, or free ionic liquid for similar materials production yields poorer substances because of their inability to maximize interfacial contact and complexation with cellulose and proteins.
Ice as Solid Electrolyte To Conduct Various Kinds of Ions
Authors: Guo Zeliang , Wang Tianshuai , Wei Hehe , Long Yuanzheng , Yang Cheng , Wang Dong , Lang Jialiang , Huang Kai , Hussain Naveed , Song Chenxi , Guan Bo , Ge Binghui , Zhang Qianfan , Wu Hui 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWater, considered as a universal solvent to dissolve salts, has been extensively studied as liquid electrolyte in electrochemical devices. The water/ice phase transition at around 0 °C presents a common phenomenon in nature, however, the chemical and electrochemical behaviors of ice have rarely been studied. Herein, we discovered that the ice phase provides efficient ionic transport channels and therefore can be applied as generalized solid‐state ionic conductor. Solid state ionic conducting ices (ICIs) of Li+, Na+, Mg2+, Al3+, K+, Mn2+, Fe2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, and Zn2+, frozen from corresponding sulphate solutions, exhibit ionic conductivities ranging from ≈10−7 S cm−1 (Zn2+) to ≈10−3 S cm−1 (Li+) at temperatures spanning from −20 °C to −5 °C. The discovery of ICIs opens new insight to design and fabrication of solid‐state electrolytes that are simple, inexpensive, and versatile.
Comment on “Stabilization of Low‐Valent Iron(I) in a High‐Valent Vanadium(V) Oxide Cluster”
Authors: Sproules Stephen 
Published: July 2019

AbstractA recent Communication in this journal reported the stabilization of low‐valent iron(I) in a fully oxidized polyoxovanadate. With no ligand‐field argument to support such an assignment, a re‐evaluation of the data accompanied by detailed computational analysis reveals the redox chemistry is localized to the polyoxovanadate, and when reduced, instigates a spin transition at iron.
Reply to Comment on Stabilization of Low‐Valent Iron(I) in a High‐Valent Vanadium(V) Oxide Cluster
Authors: Anjass Montaha H. , Kastner Katharina , Nägele Florian , Ringenberg Mark , Boas John F. , Zhang Jie , Bond Alan , Jacob Timo , Streb Carsten 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe authors of the Communication “Stabilization of Low‐Valent Iron(I) in a High‐Valent Vanadium(V) Oxide Cluster” reply to a Comment by Dr. Sproules, who offered an alternative interpretation of the metal oxidation states in the two electron reduced iron vanadate (NH2Me2)[(FeCl)V12O32Cl]4−.
Integrating Hydrogen Production with Aqueous Selective Semi‐Dehydrogenation of Tetrahydroisoquinolines over a Ni2P Bifunctional Electrode
Authors: Huang Chenqi , Huang Yi , Liu Cuibo , Yu Yifu , Zhang Bin 
Published: July 2019

AbstractExploring an alternative anodic reaction to produce value‐added chemicals with high selectivity, especially integrated with promoted hydrogen generation, is desirable. Herein, a selective semi‐dehydrogenation of tetrahydroisoquinolines (THIQs) is demonstrated to replace the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) for boosting H2 evolution reaction (HER) in water over a Ni2P nanosheet electrode. The value‐added semi‐dehydrogenation products, dihydroisoquinolines (DHIQs), can be selectively obtained with high yields at the anode. The controllable semi‐dehydrogenation is attributed to the in situ formed NiII/NiIII redox active species. Such a strategy can deliver a variety of DHIQs bearing electron‐withdrawing/donating groups in good yields and excellent selectivities, and can be applied to gram‐scale synthesis. A two‐electrode Ni2P bifunctional electrolyzer can produce both H2 and DHIQs with robust stability and high Faradaic efficiencies at a much lower cell voltage than that of overall water splitting.
Exploratory Study of MYD88 L265P, Rare NLRP3 Variants, and Clonal Hematopoiesis Prevalence in Patients With Schnitzler Syndrome
Authors: Pathak Shelly , Rowczenio Dorota M. , Owen Roger G. , Doody Gina M. , Newton Darren J. , Taylor Claire , Taylor Jan , Cargo Catherine , Hawkins Philip N. , Krause Karoline , Lachmann Helen J. , Savic Sinisa 
Published: July 2019

ObjectiveTo assess the prevalence of the MYD88 L265P mutation and variants within NLRP3 and evaluate the status of oligoclonal hematopoiesis in 30 patients with Schnitzler syndrome (SchS).MethodsThirty patients with SchS were recruited from 3 clinical centers. Six patients with known acquired cryopyrin‐associated periodic syndromes (aCAPS) were included as controls. Allele‐specific oligonucleotide–polymerase chain reaction was used for the detection of the MYD88 L265P variant, next‐generation sequencing was applied to analyze NLRP3 and 28 genes associated with myelodysplastic syndrome, and gene scanning was performed for the detection of X chromosome inactivation.ResultsActivating NLRP3 mutations were not present in 11 SchS patients who had not been sequenced for this gene previously. The MYD88 L265P variant was present in 9 of 30 SchS patients, and somatic mutations associated with clonal hematopoiesis were identified in 1 of 30 patients with SchS and 1 of 6 patients with aCAPS. Evidence of nonrandom X chromosome inactivation was detected in 1 female patient with SchS and 1 female patient with aCAPS.ConclusionA shared molecular mechanism accounting for the pathogenesis of inflammation in SchS remains elusive. Clonal hematopoiesis is not associated with other somatic mutations found in individuals with SchS or aCAPS.
Neuroanatomy Learning: Augmented Reality vs. Cross‐Sections
Authors: Henssen Dylan J.H.A. , van den Heuvel Loes , De Jong Guido , Vorstenbosch Marc A.T.M. , van Cappellen van Walsum Anne‐Marie , Van den Hurk Marianne M. , Kooloos Jan G.M. , Bartels Ronald H.M.A. 
Published: July 2019

Neuroanatomy education is a challenging field which could benefit from modern innovations, such as augmented reality (AR) applications. This study investigates the differences on test scores, cognitive load, and motivation after neuroanatomy learning using AR applications or using cross‐sections of the brain. Prior to two practical assignments, a pretest (extended matching questions, double‐choice questions and a test on cross‐sectional anatomy) and a mental rotation test (MRT) were completed. Sex and MRT scores were used to stratify students over the two groups. The two practical assignments were designed to study (1) general brain anatomy and (2) subcortical structures. Subsequently, participants completed a posttest similar to the pretest and a motivational questionnaire. Finally, a focus group interview was conducted to appraise participants’ perceptions. Medical and biomedical students (n = 31); 19 males (61.3%) and 12 females (38.7%), mean age 19.2 ± 1.7 years participated in this experiment. Students who worked with cross‐sections (n = 16) showed significantly more improvement on test scores than students who worked with GreyMapp‐AR (P = 0.035) (n = 15). Further analysis showed that this difference was primarily caused by significant improvement on the cross‐sectional questions. Students in the cross‐section group, moreover, experienced a significantly higher germane (P = 0.009) and extraneous cognitive load (P = 0.016) than students in the GreyMapp‐AR group. No significant differences were found in motivational scores. To conclude, this study suggests that AR applications can play a role in future anatomy education as an add‐on educational tool, especially in learning three‐dimensional relations of anatomical structures.
Examining extinction bursts in the treatment of pediatric food refusal
Authors: Woods Julia N. , Borrero Carrie S.W. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractEscape extinction has been shown to be highly effective in the treatment of food refusal; however, unpleasant side effects such as extinction bursts may accompany extinction procedures. Bursting has been reported to occur in 24% to 39% of all cases for which extinction was used as a component during treatment of problem behavior. Although commonly used in treatments, the occurrence of extinction bursts in the treatment of pediatric food refusal has not been studied. This study measured the frequency of bursting in 10 children for whom escape extinction was used to treat food refusal. Results showed that extinction bursts were observed in 30% of the children included in the study, although they were relatively brief and resolved quickly. Considerations for using escape extinction in interventions will be discussed.
A procedure combining molecular docking and semiempirical method PM7 for identification of selective Shp2 inhibitors
Authors: Rocha Sheisi F. L. S. , Sant'Anna Carlos M. R. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractShp2 and Shp1 make up a small family of protein tyrosine phosphatases. Finding selective inhibitors for Shp2 is useful because although its inhibition is advantageous for the treatment of some types of cancer, inhibition of Shp1 may have the opposite effect, since it acts as a suppressor of tumors. We combined molecular docking and semiempirical molecular orbital‐based calculations to produce data that were effective for the identification of selective inhibitors for Shp2. After definition of the interaction modes of the inhibitors with Shp2 and Shp1 by molecular docking, the resulting interaction enthalpy values were calculated following refinement of the enzyme/inhibitor complexes' geometries with the PM7 semiempirical molecular orbital method. Despite the complexity of the thermodynamics involved in the enzyme/inhibitor interaction, the selectivity for Shp2 of a series of 76 inhibitors, divided in two groups, could be effectively correlated with the difference in their interaction enthalpy values with both enzymes. For the first group, composed by 52 Shp2‐selective indoline inhibitors for which only Shp2 inhibition activity data are available, we demonstrated that the interaction enthalpy can be used as a criterion for identification of selective Shp2 inhibitors, as it is significantly more favorable for Shp2 than Shp1 at a 99% confidence level. For the second group, composed by 24 oxindole derivatives with available Shp2 and Shp1 inhibition activity data, a satisfactory correlation (R = 0.70) could be obtained between the selectivity, based on the IC50 data, and the relative percentage difference of the calculated interaction enthalpies with the two enzymes.
Long‐term consequences of early postnatal lead exposure on hippocampal synaptic activity in adult mice
Authors: Tena Anahis , Peru Eduardo , Martinetti Luis E. , Cano Jose C. , Loyola Baltazar Carla D. , Wagler Amy E. , Skouta Rachid , Fenelon Karine 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIntroductionLead (Pb) exposure yielding blood lead levels (BLL) as low as 2 µg/dl in children is an international problem. More common in US low‐income neighborhoods, childhood Pb exposure can cause behavioral and cognitive deficits, including working memory impairments, which can persist into adulthood. So far, studies characterized short‐term effects of high Pb exposure on neuronal structure and function. However, long‐term consequences of early chronic Pb exposure on neuronal activity are poorly documented.MethodsHere, we exposed male and female mice (PND [postnatal day] 0 to PND 28) to one of three Pb treatments: 0 ppm (sodium‐treated water, control), 30 ppm (low dose), and 330 ppm (high dose) lead acetate. Once the male and female mice were 9–12 months old, extracellular field recordings on hippocampal slices were performed.ResultsWe show that at CA3 to CA1 synapses, synaptic transmission was decreased and neuronal fiber activity was increased in males exposed to lowest level Pb. In contrast, both synaptic transmission and neuronal fiber activity were increased in females exposed to high Pb. The ventral hippocampus–medial prefrontal cortex (vHPC–mPFC) synapses are crucial for working memory in rodents. The lowest level Pb decreased vHPC–mPFC synaptic transmission, whereas high Pb decreased short‐term synaptic depression.ConclusionsOverall, we show for the first time that early exposure to either high or lowest level Pb has long‐term consequences on different synaptic properties of at least two hippocampal synapses. Such consequences of early Pb exposure might worsen the cognitive decline observed in aging men and women. Our results suggest that additional efforts should focus on the consequences of early Pb exposure especially in at‐risk communities.
The management of corporate social responsibility through projects: A more economically developed country perspective
Authors: Al‐Marri Meera , Pinnington Ashly H. , Karatas‐Ozkan Mine , Nicolopoulou Katerina 
Published: July 2019

AbstractCorporate social responsibility (CSR) is an increasingly influential concept, claimed to be implemented more in the West than in the Gulf Cooperation Community (GCC) and Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region where CSR is often portrayed as less developed and mainly philanthropic. The research reported in this paper investigates capacity building for CSR in organizations and examines the research question as to whether the project management of CSR can contribute to increasing levels of awareness, engagement, and implementation. The empirical study therefore examines the management of CSR through projects and consists of data analysed from 29 interviews conducted during 2011–2016 with CSR representatives for organizations operating in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), which is a member of the GCC, located in the MENA region, and categorized as a more economically developed country.The findings reveal evidence supporting the argument that organizations with capabilities in the project management of CSR are in the position to develop capacities for strategic CSR. This empirical analysis of CSR capacity development across varying degrees of sophistication in the project management of CSR activities implies a more developed stage of CSR engagement, at least in the sample of organizations studied, than is expressed in the extant literature on CSR in the UAE, and elsewhere in the MENA region. The use of project management to organize, implement, align, and monitor CSR activity supports capacity development in CSR and can contribute to its sustainability. We recommend that future research examines the political, business, and institutional factors that could further develop CSR in organizations when managed through projects.
“Throwaway” consumption in a consumerist society: Evidence from a developing country
Authors: Wijetunga Dinuka 
Published: July 2019

AbstractConsumerism, closely linked with growth‐oriented development, has been identified as detrimental to environmental sustainability. Yet literature on throwaway consumption, a key form of unsustainable consumption, has rarely examined the influence of consumerist social values on individual behavior. This paper examines how the contemporary “liquid” consumerist social trends that elevate transience over durability manifest in individual throwaway consumption. Utilizing a sample of consumers from a developing country, Sri Lanka, the study explored the throwaway consumption of the mobile telephone. It identifies that consumers replace their phones with new ones at quick intervals because they consider novelty as a source of pleasure and technological change as progress, both of which can be considered as manifestations of “liquid” consumerism. Further, the market stimulates both ideas, providing greater impetus for throwaway consumption.
Water disclosure and firm risk: Empirical evidence from highly water‐sensitive industries in China
Authors: Zeng Huixiang , Zhang Tao , Zhou Zhifang , Zhao Yang , Chen Xiaohong 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn this paper, we examine the relationship between water disclosure and firm risk. Specifically, based upon a panel dataset of 334 Chinese listed firms operating in highly water‐sensitive industries during 2010–2015, we use regression models to analyze the relationships between water disclosure and three types of firm risk (i.e., total risk, systematic risk, and idiosyncratic risk) and the moderating effects of media coverage on these relationships. Our empirical results show that (a) although there are no significant relationships between water disclosure and total risk and idiosyncratic risk, there is a significant negative relationship between water disclosure and systematic risk; (b) negative media coverage weakens the negative relationship between water disclosure and systematic risk, whereas nonnegative media coverage reinforces this negative relationship. Our cornerstone study examines the effect of a specific type of environmental disclosure (i.e., water disclosure) on firm risk, and our empirical findings are different from previous studies, which examined the effects of overall corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosure on firm risk. We analyze the causes of the differences in detail. With this study, we make theoretical, empirical, and managerial contributions to CSR disclosure–firm risk research in business ethics literature.
Biochemical characterization and kinetic/thermodynamic study of Aspergillus tamarii URM4634 β‐fructofuranosidase with transfructosylating activity
Authors: de Oliveira Rodrigo Lira , da Silva Marcos Fellipe , Converti Attilio , Porto Tatiana Souza 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis study reports on the biochemical characterization as well as the kinetic and thermodynamic study of Aspergillus tamarii URM4634 β‐fructofuranosidase (FFase) with transfructosylating activity. Conditions for FFase activity were optimized by means of a central composite rotational design using pH and temperature as the independent variables, while residual activity tests carried out in the temperature range of 45–65°C enabled us to investigate FFase thermostability and estimate the kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of enzyme denaturation. Optimal conditions for sucrose hydrolysis and fructosyl transfer catalyzed by crude FFase were 50°C, and pH 6.0 and 7.4, respectively. The thermodynamic properties of irreversible enzyme inactivation were found to be activation energy of 293.1 kJ mol−1, and activation enthalpy, entropy, and Gibbs free energy in the ranges 290.3–290.4 kJ mol−1, 568.7–571.0 J mol−1 K−1, and 97.9–108.8 kJ mol−1, respectively. The results obtained in this study point out satisfactory enzyme activity and thermostability at temperatures commonly used for industrial fructo‐oligosaccharide (FOS) synthesis; therefore, this novel FFase appears to be a promising biocatalyst with great potential for long‐term FOS synthesis and invert sugar production. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of an A. tamarii FFase.