bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Statistical analyses of morphological variation in the Gymnopodium floribundum complex (Polygonaceae): definition of three subspecies
Authors: Ancona Juan José , Ortiz-Díaz Juan Javier , De Luna Efrain , Tun-Garrido Juan , Barrientos-Medina Roberto Carlos 
Published: June 2019

Background and Aims: Morphological variability in Gymnopodium floribundum along its distribution area has been the source of taxonomic and nomenclatural inconsistencies, sometimes recognizing up to three species and two varieties. In this paper we present morphometric analyses of variation in 224 specimens of G. floribundum in order to determine the existence of morphological patterns that correspond to geographically structured phenotypic diversity.Methods: The data matrix consisted of 224 specimens and 32 characters, 21 were quantitative and 11 qualitative. A dendrogram was estimated with UPGMA’s algorithm and the Gower´s coefficient. The 21 quantitative characters were subjected to principal components analysis. With the groups identified in the dendrogram, we performed a PERMANOVA using all quantitative characters. Canonical Variate Analyses of leaf shape and perianth segment shape of all specimens were executed.Key results: The results of multivariate analyses suggest the existence of three phenetic groups, which mostly correspond to three geographic regions: Belize, the Pacific Coastal Plain and the Yucatán Peninsula. These groups are distinguished by the presence or absence of indument on leaf blade, ochrea and petiole, the distances between the floral fascicles, and the length and width of the external and internal segments of the perianth. Two of the geographic groups correspond to infraspecific taxa previously recognized by Standley and Steyermark. Our distances and shape morphometric analyses uncover a third group from the southern Pacific region which presents novel characters.Conclusions: Based on these results we raise the rank of two varieties G. floribundum var. antigonoides and G. floribundum var. floribundumto subspecies, and propose to recognize a new third subspecies: Gymnopodium floribundum subsp. chiapensis.
Testing the parent-child communication program: Its effectiveness on developing children’s social competences
Authors: Mulyanto Agus , Razak Alifah Indalika Mulyadi 
Published: June 2019

Social competence has a central role in the development of early childhood. One of the central roles of children's social competence is its influence on children's academic social abilities, such as the ability to (1) receive learning information, (2) follow the school’s rules, and (3) face increasingly complex academic challenges along with increasing school levels. This study aims to test the model of parent-child communication (PCC) in developing children’s social competence. The exclusive communication model was tested to 250 children aged 4-6 years in West Java Province, which is divided into five research zones, West Java Zone 1 to 5. This study used an experimental design pre-test and post-test to determine the effectiveness of the parent-child communication program that was tested through observation and interview techniques consisting of 68 items of social competence. The results show that the PCC Program can effectively be applied by the collaboration of parents between fathers and mothers to optimize children's social competencies. The PCC program, which was not attended by both parents, would not be effective, for example, as happened in the West Java Zone 1, indicating the ineffectiveness of the PCC program because of the characteristics of parental activities that both work and do not have time to communicate with children. While in the other four West Java Zones PCC can be effective, because working parents want to take the time to interact and communicate actively with their children.
Moisture potental theory application for modelling of enclosing structure unsteady-state moisture regime
Authors: Gagarin About the authors: Vladimir G. , Zubarev Kirill P. 
Published: June 2019

Introduction. Known calculation methods for enclosing structure unsteady-state moisture regime proposed by K.F. Fokin, are examined. The first one describes moisture transfer in a sorption zone, and another allows calculation in oversorption zone also. “Thermodynamic moisture potential” of enclosing structure materials introduced by V.N. Bogoslovsky is described. Moisture potential F developed by V.G. Gagarin and V.V. Kozlov is shown. The moisture potential F allows describing water vapor and liquid moisture movement in material in a consistent way. The scientific novelty of the study is the development of calculation method based on moisture potential F. Practical relevance of the study is the possibility to obtain performance humidity values of enclosing structure materials by means of calculations for engineering practice.
Materials and methods. A moisture transfer equation is derived on the basis of process physical interpretation, A mathematical model, consisting of heat conductivity equation, derived moisture transfer equation, spatial-time domain, boundary and initial conditions, is formulated. Moisture potential in single-layer and multilayer enclosing structures is determined using finite difference method.
Results. Calculations for four types of enclosing structures are made on the basis of the proposed mathematical model: single-layer aerated concrete wall; a wall made of aerated concrete masonry base and clay brick cladding; a wall made of aerated concrete masonry base and mineral wool insulation with thin plaster layer; a wall made of aerated concrete masonry base and expanded polystyrene insulation with thin plaster layer.
Conclusions. Calculated performance humidity values of enclosing structure materials were lower than values stated in regulatory documents. The presented results allow to define building heat loss definition and heating system design more accurately. Specification data on maximum wetting plane position obtained earlier were proved within the framework of the developed theory: in enclosing structures with aerated concrete base and mineral wool insulation maximum moisture content is located at the joint of plaster and insulation layers; in enclosing structures with aerated concrete base and expanded polystyrene insulation maximum moisture content is located in the insulation layer.
Acknowledgements. Authors are deeply indebted to V.V. Kozlov, PhD in Technical Sciences, and V.K. Akhmetov, Doctor of Engineering Science, Professor, for discussion and useful comment in the course of study.
Influence of beam butt face nonparallelism on free damped vibration spectrum of the beam
Authors: Popov Alexander L. , Sadovskiy Sergey A. 
Published: June 2019

Introduction. The free vibration method is widely applied to detecting internal defects in rod and lamellar structural elements. In this work, it is used to diagnose a rod sample defect consisting in nonparallelism of the rod ends. The possibility of identifying a defect in the form of a bevel of one of the rod butts by the frequency spectrum of free damped longitudinal and transverse vibration after impact actions to the rod side or butt face is considered.
Materials and methods. An experimental facility and a method of contact-free recording of the frequency spectrum of the rod natural vibration by its acoustic radiation spectrum are presented. Signs of a defect in the form of a split frequency of the rod transverse vibration are detected. At the same time, the maximum amplitudes of the split frequencies correspond to higher or lower frequencies depending on the face to which the impact is applied. This allows not only determining the presence of a defect in the form of the bevelled butt face, but also establishing its orientation relative to the side rod faces.
Results. An approximate theoretical model is suggested. It explains the effect of frequency splitting in the presence of nonparallelism of the rod butts. For this, the frequency spectra of transverse vibration of two rods with lengths equal to the lengths of the smaller and the larger faces of the original rod with the bevel edge are considered. Experiments show that the differences in the natural frequencies of the bending vibration of these rods, which correspond to the same eigenmodes, are consistent with the differences in the split frequencies of the free damped transverse vibrations of the bevelled-face rod. At this, relationship between the split frequency amplitudes allows determining not only the presence of bevelled face, but also its location.
Conclusions. The application and development of the method through the analysis of the natural vibration spectrum can lead to creation of remote quality control equipment for rod structural elements.
Using Public Company Filings to Plan the Audit and Perform Risk Assessment Procedures
Authors: Cunningham Lauren M. , Kremin Joleen , Warren Amanda D. 
Published: June 2019

SUMMARY
This project gives student groups the opportunity to research and analyze publicly available information in the context of audit planning and risk assessment for a publicly traded company. Students simulate an audit team environment and deliver a summary audit-planning memo, risk assessment analytical procedures, and a video presentation in which each audit team presents its findings to the “audit partner.” This project accomplishes several important learning objectives, including (1) familiarizing students with the SEC's EDGAR database and other public sources of company data; (2) fostering students' research and critical-thinking skills; and (3) improving students' understanding of the risk assessment process. This project uses free, publicly available information to achieve these objectives, and the project can be easily modified for subsequent classes by requiring students to utilize the most recent year's filings when completing the project. The project is appropriate for undergraduate or graduate auditing students.
An Integrated Approach for Friction and Wear Simulation of Tire Tread Rubber. Part I: Friction Test, Characterization, and Modeling
Authors: Li Zhao , Li Ziran , Wang Yang 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACT:To simulate tire tread friction and wear, a variety of factors have to be taken into account. Among them, the local nonlinear constitutive equation for friction and wear in the contact interface and the related solving strategies, including the wear increment optimization and worn mesh update, are very critical to the predicting methodology. This two-part contribution addresses an integrated approach for friction and wear simulation of tire tread rubber. In Part I, a modified friction test scheme of rubber wheels with the Laboratory Abrasion and Skid Tester (LAT 100) is proposed, along with numerical verification, which greatly improved the distribution uniformities of the contact pressure and sliding velocity. In order to investigate the friction characteristics of tire tread rubber, various contact conditions were conducted, and then a unified friction model was put forward to describe the nonlinear relationship of rubber friction with contact pressure and sliding velocity. Based on the established frictional contact model, the locked traction and cornering rolling were simulated, and the calculated friction forces and lateral forces agree with the experimental results on the whole.
Upaya Meningkatkan Berpikir Kritis dan Prestasi Belajar pada Materi Pertumbuhan dan Perkembangan melalui Metode Inkuiri dalam Kelompok Kooperatif pada Siswa Kelas XII IPA 1 MAN 2 Sragen Tahun Pelajaran 2015/ 2016
Authors: Langgeng Langgeng 
Published: June 2019

Penelitian Tindakan Kelas ini bertujuan : 1. Untuk meningkatkan ketrampilan berpikir kritis Materi Pertumbuhan dan Perkembangan pada siswa kelas XII IPA 1 MAN 2 Sragen melalui metode inkuiri dalam kelompok kooperatif.2.Untuk meningkatkan prestasi belajar pada materi Pertumbuhan dan Perkembangan pada siswa klas XII IPA 1 MAN 2 Sragen melalui metode inkuiri dalam kelompok kooperatif. Penilitian Tindakan Kelas ini menggunakan model Kemmis dan McTaggart dalam Mcniff (1992) bahwa penelitian tindakan sebagai tindakan berkelanjutan dari langkah-langkah yang berbentuk spiral, setiap langkah berisi perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan dan evaluasi, observasi dan refleksi tindakan. Pelaksanaan penelitian tindakan berupa proses pengkajian berdaur (action research spiral) yang terdiri dari 4 tahap, yaitu; perencanaan (plan), melakukan tindakan (act), mengamati (observe), mengevaluasi dan merefleksi (reflect). Data hasil penelitian yang diambil meliputi nilai pengetahuan pada tes formatif dan nilai berpikir kritis. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa : 1. Pembelajaran dengan kooperatif model Inkuiri dalam Kelompok Kooperatif memiliki dampak positif dalam meningkatkan prestasi belajar siswa yang ditandai dengan peningkatan ketuntasan belajar siswa dalam setiap siklus, yaitu siklus I (65,38%), siklus II (76,92%), siklus III (88,46%).2. Penerapan metode pembelajaran kooperatif model Inkuiri dalam Kelompok Kooperatif mempunyai pengaruh positif, yaitu dapat meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa yang ditunjukan dengan rata-rata jawaban siswa yang menyatakan bahwa siswa tertarik dan berminat dengn metode pembelajaran kooperatif model Inkuiri dalam Kelompok Kooperatif sehingga mereka menjadi termotivasi untuk belajar.
Datos personales: seguridad nacional y concertación internacional. La disyuntiva latinoamericana
Authors: Halperin Marcelo 
Published: June 2019

Conmovieron a la prensa internacional las restricciones adoptadas por el gobierno estadounidense, primero para impedir compras gubernamentales (Ley de Autorización de Defensa Nacional 2019) y, más recientemente, para evitar la actualización de sistemas operativos de equipos de telecomunicaciones suministrados por empresas chinas (Orden Ejecutiva del Presidente, del 16 de mayo de 2019). Pero rápidamente se advirtió que las últimas medidas podían resultar no sólo ineficaces sino, peor aún, producirían efectos adversos. La amenaza que representa el desarrollo de redes y sistemas de alta velocidad para la manipulación de datos y, por extensión, para la seguridad nacional de Estados Unidos (EUA), ya no podría neutralizarse con medidas comerciales ni mediante las reglas de propiedad intelectual. En este sentido, la modalidad de código abierto en las patentes de sistemas operativos para dispositivos electrónicos, pone en evidencia que los estatutos de propiedad intelectual están flexibilizándose y adaptándose a muy aceleradas sustituciones tecnológicas, las cuales, en el sector de las tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones (TIC) apuntan a la captura y manipulación de datos personales con una voracidad inédita.
En este contexto y con motivo del flujo electrónico de datos personales desde la Unión Europea (UE) hacia EUA y ante la dificultad para armonizar sus normas, en los últimos años se habilitó un “Escudo de Privacidad” con el objeto de garantizar los derechos de los usuarios y compatibilizar la actividad de empresas tecnológicas con los principios de interés público en ambos lados del Atlántico. Este régimen podría ser un valioso antecedente en el diseño de un acuerdo internacional de carácter multilateral destinado a reglar la conectividad global.
Literasi Media Smartphone (Studi Fenomenologi Perilaku Pengguna Smartphone di Kota Pontianak)
Authors: Budiyono Budiyono 
Published: June 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sejauh mana kemampuan masyarakat dalam mengakses, menganalisis, menilai dan mengkritisi informasi yang dibawa teknologi komunikasi khususnya smartphone. Asosiasi Penyelenggara Jasa Internet Indonesia (APJII) telah mengumumkan hasil survei data statistik pengguna internet Indonesia tahun 2016, pengguna terbanyak adalah usia 35-44 tahun sebesar 29,2%. Sedangkan, pengguna paling sedikit adalah usia 55 tahun ke atas hanya sebesar 10%. Paling banyak pengguna internet menggunakan perangkat mobile (smartphone) sebesar 63,1 juta atau sekitar 47,6% dan 5,8% atau sebanyak 7.685.992 jiwa pengguna internet berada di pulau Kalimantan.
Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan tipe studi fenomenologi, menekankan pada kesadaran manusia dan aktivitas yang dilakukannya saat bertemu informasi di dalam media, pengumpulan data melalui wawancara mendalam terhadap pengguna smartphone antara usia 35-44 Tahun, observasi dan kajian pustaka. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah literasi media dari National Leadership Conference on Media Education.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengguna smartphone di Kota Pontianak sebagai berikut : 1) Pengguna dapat dikategorikan dalam kelompok kolektor (Collectors) dan intensitas penggunaan cukup tinggi. 2) Kemampuan dalam menganalisis informan belum mampu menjelaskan maksud dari informasi yang diperoleh, membaca pesan secara tekstual. 3) Kemampuan dalam mengevaluasi, informan memiliki pandangan subjektif dalam memberikan penilaian terhadap sebuah informasi, bahkan penilaian cenderung mengandalkan informasi yang bersumber dari tokoh yang menjadi panutan. 4) Kemampuan dalam mengkomunikasikan, melalui layanan aplikasi yang tersedia pada smartphone. Seperti, facebook, Blackberry massanger dan Whatsapp diperuntukkan bagi kolega.
Small Roadside Sacral Structures in the Borzechów Commune (Lublin Region) and Their Dendroflora
Authors: Lubiarz Magdalena , Kulesza Piotr , Żak-Kulesza Małgorzata 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Trees and shrubs significantly increase the visual value of roadside crosses and shrines. The paper presents results of the inventory of small roadside sacral structures in Borzechów Commune (Central-Eastern Poland). The species composition and the age status of dendroflora surrounding small roadside sacral structures were examined. We have inventoried 94 small roadside sacral structures in Borzechów Commune. Only 68 of them were surrounded by trees and shrubs that represent 39 species. The most common deciduous species are small leaved lime (Tilia cordata Mill.) and common lilac (Syringa vulgaris L.), but the most common coniferous species is northern white-cedar (Thuja occidentalis L.). In the research area the most common small roadside sacral structures are crosses. Shrines and statues of saints are very rare.
The association between the OPRM1 A118G polymorphism and addiction in a Turkish population
Authors: Türkan Hülya , Karahalil Bensu , Kadıoğlu Ela , Eren Kenan , Gürol Defne Tamar , Karakaya Ali Esat 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Susceptibility to addiction has a complex genetic basis that includes genes associated with the action and metabolism of drugs of abuse. One important gene in that respect is OPRM1, which codes for the μ-opioid receptor and has an important role in mediating the rewarding effects of addiction substances. The aim of our study was to assess the prevalence of the OPRM1 A118G polymorphism (rs1799971) in Turkish population and to investigate its association with opioid and other substance addiction. In addition, we examined the association of rs1799971 in addicted patients who were also diagnosed with psychiatric disorders. The study included 103 patients addicted to opioids, cocaine, ecstasy, alcohol, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), cannabis, and sedative/hypnotic substances and 83 healthy volunteers with similar demographic features as controls. rs1799971 polymorphisms were identified with the polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism method (PCR-RFLP). The genotype frequencies were significantly higher in the addicted patients than controls (32.0 % vs 16.9 %, respectively; p=0.027). The prevalence of the G allele was 16.1 % in the addicted group and 8.4 % in the control group (p=0.031). Our study confirmed the association between the rs1799971(G) allele frequency and opioid and other substance addiction, but not with psychiatric disorders.
Determined and declared nicotine content in refill liquids for electronic cigarettes marketed in North Macedonia
Authors: Srbinoska Marija , Kavrakovski Zoran , Rafajlovska Vesna , Simonovska Jana 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The use of electronic cigarettes or vaping has been gaining momentum among Macedonian smokers but has also raised great many concerns about the toxicity of liquid refills and its aerosols, especially as the nicotine levels in refill liquids (e-liquids) are not required to be declared accurately or at all by current regulations. The aim of this study was therefore to determine nicotine levels in fifteen samples of e-liquids purchased in specialised shops in Macedonia using gas chromatography. Nicotine concentrations deviated from manufacturer’s declarations in nine of the twelve samples: in five they were higher and in four lower than declared, ranging from −16.7 % to +30.0 %. These significant discrepancies between the actual and declared nicotine concentrations in the analysed e-liquids call for closer attention of the healthcare and the regulating authorities.
Management recommendations for body stuffers at emergency units
Authors: Hassanian-Moghaddam Hossein , Amraei Fatemeh , Zamani Nasim 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Managing body packers and stuffers is a challenge to emergency physicians, stuffers in particular, as there is no systematic approach to their treatment. The aim of this study was therefore to review all available literature on body stuffing and propose a guide to manage these patients. We searched Medline/PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus for published work on body stuffers using key words “body stuffer”, “body stuffing”, “poisoning”, “toxicity”, and “treatment” without a time limit and retrieved 290 articles, of which 61 remained after exclusion of those on “body packers” and repetitive documents. This review article evaluates and summarises the information gathered from them. The main step in body stuffer management is observation to make sure that they have passed all the swallowed packages of drugs of abuse. In some cases, imaging can be quite useful. Diagnostic pitfalls may be avoided with abdominopelvic CT without contrast, which is probably the best diagnostic method to determine the presence and the number of packages in these patients. Treatment should be specific for each group of drugs, whether it is opioids, cocaine, or amphetamine. Surgical interventions are indicated for obstruction of the intestines or package rupture. Legal precautions should be taken because of the legal complexity of body stuffing cases.
Absence of mutations in the human interferon alpha-2b gene in workers chronically exposed to ionising radiation
Authors: Botbayev Dauren , Ravegnini Gloria , Sammarini Giulia , Kazymbet Polat , Cilli Elisabetta , Serventi Patrizia , Khanseitova Alexandra , Alzhanuly Bakhytzhan , Belkozhaev Ayaz , Aitkhozhina Nagima , Bakhtin Meirat , Lodi Vittorio , Hrelia Patrizia , Angelini Sabrina 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Individuals chronically exposed to low-level ionising radiation (IR) run the risk of harmful and long-term adverse health effects, including gene mutations and cancer development. The search for reliable biomarkers of IR exposure in human population is still of great interest, as they may have a great implementation potential for the surveillance of occupationally exposed individuals. In this context, and considering previous literature, this study aimed to identify mutations in the human interferon alpha-2b (hIFNα-2b) as a potential biomarker of occupational chronic low-dose IR exposure linking low-IR exposure to the effects on haematopoiesis and reduced immunity. The analysis was performed in the genomic DNA of 51 uranium miners and 38 controls from Kazakhstan, and in 21 medical radiology workers and 21 controls from Italy. hIFNα-2b gene mutations were analysed with the real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or Sanger sequencing. However, none of the investigated workers had the hIFNα-2b mutation. This finding highlights the need for further research to identify biomarkers for early detection of health effects associated with chronic low-dose IR exposure.