bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Environmental Protection meets Consumer Sales
Authors: Beckers Anna 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
This article discusses the legal consequences of corporate market communication in the field of environmental protection in European consumer sales law. It analyses first the potential of such market communication to influence the seller’s obligations within a consumer contract. Second, it suggests that the assessment of such market communication as to its market fairness under European unfair commercial practices law may influence the assessment of the correct contract performance under the Consumer Sales Directive. Finally, the article focuses on the remedies that are available to the consumer against the seller in case of a breach of such a contractual environmental obligation. On this point, it is argued that the remedies under consumer sales law for the delivery of a non-conforming good need to be interpreted in the light of the public (environmental) purpose that can reasonably be expected by the consumer who is addressed by such environmental market communication.
Second Order Solutions of THz Response of Gated Two-Dimensional Electron Gas in Magnetic Field
Authors: Wang Daipeng , Sun Jiuxun , Yang Chao , Dong Yan , Yan Zhenlin 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
In this work, the Lifshits-Dyakonov theory for THz response of gated two-dimensional electron gas in magnetic field are analyzed and improved. Instead an approximate processing method for the response in original theory to the second order solution, the second order equations are strictly solved. The numerical results show that both first and second order solutions are damped oscillating functions of coordinate, but all amplitudes would decrease as magnetic field B increasing except for the first order solution of voltage. The variation of second order response as a function of B also shows damped oscillating variations, the agreement with experimental curves is reasonable.
Green synthesis of the innovative super paramagnetic nanoparticles from the leaves extract of Fraxinus chinensis Roxb and their application for the decolourisation of toxic dyes
Authors: Ali Imran , Peng Changsheng , Lin Dichu , Naz Iffat 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
The leaves extract of Fraxinus chinensis Roxb was used for the synthesis of the innovative phytogenic magnetic nanoparticles (PMNPs) without adding toxic surfactants. The formation, morphology, elemental composition, size, thermal stability, structure and magnetic properties of these PMNPs were examined by UV-visible spectrophotometry, FT-IR, XRD, SEM, EDX, TEM, VSM, XPS, BET and TGA. The reactivity of the obtained PMNPs against decolourising toxic dyes, namely, malachite green (MG), crystal violet (CV) and methylene blue (MB), were investigated by UV-vis spectrophotometry. Further, the factors affecting the removal of dyes, including solution pH, adsorbent dosages, initial concentration of dyes, reaction temperature and contact time, were also investigated. The results revealed the decolourisation of 99.12% of MG and 98.23% of CV within 60 min, and 97.52% of MB within 200 min by the PMNPs using dyes concentration of 25 mg/l at pH 6.5 and 298.15 K. The kinetics outcome indicated that the degradation of dyes matched well to the pseudo first-order reaction kinetics model. Furthermore, the probable degradation mechanism of dyes by the PMNPs, including the adsorption of cationic dye molecules onto the negatively charged surface of adsorbent and the oxidation of the Fe° in the solution, were discussed. Thus, the PMNPs can be produced by the bulk and have great potential to be employed for biomedical/environmental remediation.
Prevalence of Internet addiction disorder in Chinese university students: A comprehensive meta-analysis of observational studies
Authors: Li Lu , Xu Dan-Dan , Chai Jing-Xin , Wang Di , Li Lin , Zhang Ling , Lu Li , Ng Chee H. , Ungvari Gabor S. , Mei Song-Li , Xiang Yu-Tao 
Published: July 2018

Background and aimsInternet addiction disorder (IAD) is common in university students. A number of studies have examined the prevalence of IAD in Chinese university students, but the results have been inconsistent. This is a meta-analysis of the prevalence of IAD and its associated factors in Chinese university students.MethodsBoth English (PubMed, PsycINFO, and Embase) and Chinese (Wan Fang Database and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure) databases were systematically and independently searched from their inception until January 16, 2017.ResultsAltogether 70 studies covering 122,454 university students were included in the meta-analysis. Using the random-effects model, the pooled overall prevalence of IAD was 11.3% (95% CI: 10.1%–12.5%). When using the 8-item Young Diagnostic Questionnaire, the 10-item modified Young Diagnostic Questionnaire, the 20-item Internet Addiction Test, and the 26-item Chen Internet Addiction Scale, the pooled prevalence of IAD was 8.4% (95% CI: 6.7%–10.4%), 9.3% (95% CI: 7.6%–11.4%), 11.2% (95% CI: 8.8%–14.3%), and 14.0% (95% CI: 10.6%–18.4%), respectively. Subgroup analyses revealed that the pooled prevalence of IAD was significantly associated with the measurement instrument (Q = 9.41,p = .024). Male gender, higher grade, and urban abode were also significantly associated with IAD. The prevalence of IAD was also higher in eastern and central of China than in its northern and western regions (10.7% vs. 8.1%,Q = 4.90,p = .027).ConclusionsIAD is common among Chinese university students. Appropriate strategies for the prevention and treatment of IAD in this population need greater attention.
MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF TUMORS SUBSTRATE IN MULTIPLE MYELOMA PATIENTS COMPLICATED WITH PLASMACYTOMA
Authors: Firsova M. V. , Mendeleeva L. P. , Kovrigina A. M. , Deyneko N. I. , Soloviev M. V. , Gemdzhyan E. G. , Savchenko V. G. 
Published: July 2018

Objective. To study the histological structure of bone marrow (BM) and plasmacytoma tumor substrate in patients with multiple myeloma (MM). Materials and methods. The study included 35 patients (19 men and 16 women) aged 23 to 73 years with newly diagnosed MM. At the first onset of the disease plasmacytoma was diagnosed in 21 patients: bone plasmacytoma, associated with skeletal bones – in 14 patients; extramedullary plasmacytoma, emerging in various organs not connected with bone tissue – in 7 patients. All patients underwent BM trephine biopsy and plasmacytoma biopsy with subsequent histological examination. BM and plasmacytoma histological specimens were studied using LEICA DM4000B microscope. Frequency domain analysis (cross tables, Fisher–Freeman test) was used for data statistical analysis.Results. The analysis showed that the histological features of BM in MM patients with extramedullary plasmacytoma statistically significantly differed from that in MM patients with bone plasmacytoma and without plasmacytoma. As a result of the analysis, the relationship between BM morphological variant and tumor advancement became apparent. When comparing the morphological pattern of the bone and extramedullary plasmacytomas, no significant differences were found, however, the substrate of the extramedullary plasmacytoma was more often represented by tumor cells with immature morphology as compared to the substrate of the bone plasmacytoma.Conclusion. The established differences in the histological structure of the BM in MM patients with extramedullary plasmacytoma suggest that this type of the disease stands apart and requires further detailed pathomorphological study.
Tai-sabaki for the piano, tai-sabaki for the tatami – A tribute to Prof. em. David B. Waterhouse (1936-2017)
Authors: De Crée Carl 
Published: July 2018

David B. Waterhouse (1936-2017) was a Professor emeritus, Japanese studies scholar, and humanities polymath. Educated to concert pianist level, he graduated in Western Classics, Moral Sciences, and Oriental Studies from the University of Cambridge. It is there where during his freshman year he had attended for first time a live judo demonstration, and had decided to start his judo career. Professor Waterhouse would eventually join the University of Toronto, where he would spend the rest of his professional career as an educator and scholar. David aptly understood and taught judo as it was meant by its founder, i.e. as a form of pedagogy striving for both physical and intellectual development. Consequently, his academic judo classes at the University of Toronto’s Department of East Asian Studies attracted an enthusiastic crowd of students. Professor Waterhouse’s scholarly legacy is vast, showing a remarkable breadth in topics which he surveyed, investigated and mastered, but he was particularly proud of his magnum opus, i.e. a two-volume catalogue of woodcuts by Japanese artist Suzuki Harunobu published in 2013. The manuscript of his book on judo’s cultural and technical history, unfortunately, remains unfinished due to his untimely passing.
Functional Outcome Assessment in Hip Preservation Surgery
Authors: Beckmann James T. , Havrilak Eren E. , Millis Michael B. , Wylie James D. 
Published: July 2018

* Outcome assessment in hip preservation surgical procedures started with hip arthroplasty questionnaires and progressed to validated measures for young patients.* Functional outcome assessment includes general health-related quality-of-life instruments, validated hip-specific questionnaires, patient activity level, return to sport, patient satisfaction, and objective measures of lower-extremity function.* The best-validated questionnaires in this population include the International Hip Outcome Tool and the Hip Outcome Score.* The National Institutes of Health Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System and the computer adaptive test are emerging as powerful outcome tools available to surgeons.
Ultrasound-Guided Sciatic Nerve Block in Below Knee Amputation Surgery: Sub Gluteal Versus Popliteal Approach
Authors: Hussien Rania Maher , Ibrahim Dalia Ahmed , Abdelnaby Islam Gamal Hamed 
Published: July 2018

Background:
Ultrasound guided sciatic nerve block has been proved to be effective in pain control for lower limb surgeries, fortunately, it can be performed at different levels via different approaches.

Aims:
To compare the effectiveness of the sub-gluteal and the popliteal approaches of blocking the sciatic nerve as well as their success rate.

Settings and Design:
After approval of the ethical committee and obtaining a written informed consent from 56 ASA II, III patients aged 45–75 year, this prospective, randomized, interventional double blinded study was done to patients undergoing elective below knee amputation.

Methods:
Patients were randomly assigned to receive either sciatic nerve block using a popliteal approach (group P, n 28) or a sub gluteal approach (group G, n 28). femoral nerve block done for sensory block of the medial side of the leg. Time to complete sensory and motor block, time taken to perform the block, block-related complications, block duration, time for asking for rescue analgesia in the first 24 h and both patients′ and surgeons′ level of satisfaction were recorded. Success of the block was considered when the block is solid and doesn’t require shifting to GA.

Result:
Patients in the P group had a 100% success rate, shorter time to perform the block, less overall complications, required no postoperative rescue analgesia. Yet, more surgeons preferred the sub-gluteal approach.

Conclusion:
Popliteal approach is as effective as the sub-gluteal approach block providing adequate analgesia with a 100% success rate
Analisis kualitas soal di perguruan tinggi berbasis aplikasi TAP
Authors: Iskandar Akbar , Rizal Muhammad 
Published: July 2018

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menemukan butir instrumen yang berkualitas berdasarkan tingkat validitas, reliabilitas, tingkat kesukaran, daya beda dan pengecoh. Jenis penelitian ini adalah jenis penelitian ex post facto. Objek penelitian semua jawaban hasil tes calon mahasiswa baru tahun 2014-2016. Data dikumpulkan dengan metode Observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data secara kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa untuk validitas isi ditemukan nilai validitas isi (vi) sebesar 0,42 termasuk kategori sedang. Selanjutnya tampak bahwa nilai koefisien reliabilitas instrumen sebesar 0,514. Jumlah butir soal yang sukar sebanyak 57,5%, kategori sedang sebanyak 42,5% dan tidak terdapat soal kategori mudah. Selain itu, butir soal yang memiliki daya beda sangat baik sebanyak 5%, baik sebanyak 20%, perlu revisi sebanyak 13,75%, tidak baik sebanyak 61,25%. Sedangkan option yang tidak berfungsi dengan baik pada saat dijadikan sebagai pengecoh sebanyak 5 butir soal, akan tetapi terdapat 40 butir soal yang harus direvisi karena option pengecoh malah dianggap sebagai kunci jawaban oleh peserta yang pintar.Kata kunci: validitas, reliabilitas, tingkat kesukaran, daya beda,pengecoh,TAP ANALYSIS OF EXAMINATION INSTRUMENTS QUALITY AT UNIVERSITY BASED ON TAP APPLICATIONAbstractThis study is aimed at finding the items of quality instruments based on the level of validity, reliability, difficulty, differentiation, and distraction. This study was an ex post facto research. The object of research was all the answers of enrollment test results of prospective students in 2014-2016. The data were collected by using observation, interview, and documentation methods, and the data were analyzed using both qualitative and quantitative technique. The results of the research show that the value of the content validity found is 0.42, which belongs to medium category. Furthermore, it appears that the value of the instrument reliability coefficient is 0.514. The number of the question items which belongs to difficult category is 57.5%, medium category is 42.5%, and no item is in easy category. In addition, the percentage of the question items that belong to the category of very good, good, need a little revision, and not good, in terms of the items’ differentiation, are respectively 5%, 20%, 13.75%, and 61.25%. Further, the options that do not work properly when used as distractors are 5 items, but there are 40 items that must be revised because the distractive option is even considered as the key answer by smart participants.Keywords: validity, reliability, difficulty level, differentiation, distraction, TAP
KIDNEY OPEN RESECTION IN RENAL CELL CARCINOMA
Authors: Shkodkin S. V. , Idashkin Yu. B. , Fironov S. A. , Fentisov V. V. , Udovenko A. N. 
Published: July 2018

Introduction.Generally recognized critical moments in kidney resection are the time of ischemia and the adequacy of hemostasis. Until now, one of the main contraindications to nephron-sparing treatment is the inability to provide hemostasis in middle-segment tumors, especially when they are intrarenal.Purpose of research.To evaluate the effectiveness of open resection of the kidney.Materials and methods.For the period 2005 to 2018 us made 152 open partial nephrectomy (OPN) for renal cell carcinoma. The algorithm OPN included extra peritoneal lumbotome access in the IX intercostal space with resection of the X rib resection under conditions of warm ischemia for compression of the blood vessel, in 92.8% of cases completed the clamping of segmental or aberrant arteries. Resection was performed, retreating from the tumor 0.5-1 cm within the unchanged renal parenchyma.Results.The mean age of patients was 55.4±16.2 years; male/female ratio was 52.6/47.4%; right-sided/ left-sided tumor localization was 42.1/57.9%, respectively. The duration of the operation was 109.6±56.7 min, the time of partial ischemia was 15.1±8.3 min, the volume of blood loss was 258±93 ml the Discharge along the drains lasted for 4-12 hours after the operation and averaged 35.7±22.1 ml. Patients were activated after 24 hours, when the urethral catheter was removed, in 59 (38.8%) cases, bladder drainage was not performed. Average postoperative hospital stay was 10.1±4.2 per day.Conclusion.The technique of open resection of the kidney with a margin from the border of the visible tumor and visual control of the surgical edge provides good oncological results, does not require the «Express» histology and is an alternative to nephrectomy in patients with high risk of complications, calculated on morphometric scales.Disclosure: The study did not have sponsorship. The authors declare no conflict of interest.
INFLUÊNCIA DOS PROCESSOS DE ESTERILIZAÇÃO NAS PROPRIEDADES MECÂNICAS DOS INSTRUMENTOS ENDODÔNTICOS
Authors: Amaral Georgiana 
Published: July 2018

O objetivo principal deste trabalho é fazer uma revisão de literatura sobre o efeito de múltiplas esterilizações no comportamento mecânico dos instrumentos. Há um questionamento se isso poderia influenciar negativamente os instrumentos deixando-os mais susceptíveis à fratura, com menos resistência, podendo durar menos e até mesmo fraturar no interior do canal e assim comprometer o sucesso do tratamento endodôntico. Os autores pesquisados concordam que o processo de esterilização somente não seria capaz de deteriorar os instrumentos endodônticos e discordam sobre o número limite de vezes que estes instrumentos podem ser reutilizados. Podemos então concluir que o melhor é evitar utilizar os instrumentos por diversas vezes, principalmente aqueles utilizados em molares muito curvos ou ao sinal de qualquer deformação plástica descartá- los. Espera-se contribuir com o meio acadêmico apresentando dados que possam ajudar a esclarecer e orientar os profissionais da área sobre os procedimentos endodônticos mencionados acima.
Rural Quality of Life – Poverty, Satisfaction and Opportunity Deprivation in Different Types of Rural Territories
Authors: Bernard Josef 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
This article contributes to the rural-urban quality of life comparison issue by investigating territorial differences in quality of life using indices of poverty, satisfaction and opportunity deprivation. The article introduces three innovative elements. First, rural-urban differences are analysed alongside with the within-rural differentiation; second, two distinct spatial patterns of different forms of rural territorial disadvantage are introduced; third, the net-effect of the residential environment is assessed. Empirical results, based on survey data, show increased opportunity deprivation in rural areas, which however is not accompanied by decreased community satisfaction. For the most indices, within-rural differences proved larger than the difference between urban and rural areas.
El sistema procesal penal acusatorio nuevos desafíos investigativos frente al secuestro y la extorsión
Authors: Augusto Toro Lucena Óscar 
Published: July 2018

Se exponen aquí algunas reflexiones respecto de los retos que para la investigaciónpenal planteó la entrada en vigencia del nuevo Código de Procedimiento Penal (Ley906 de 2004), así como sobre las cualidades que debe tener el investigador judicialy las exigencias en la aplicación de métodos cualitativos de investigación como laentrevista y el interrogatorio en el propósito de obtener resultados favorables, mejorar y agilizar la persecución y el juzgamiento de los delitos.
Situación de las víctimas en Baja California (México) en el contexto actual
Authors: Capito Mata Sergio , Molina González María Del Rosario , Soto barreras María De Jesús 
Published: July 2018

Con el tiempo, la víctima en el sistema penal mexicano ha trascendido de un sistema inquisitivo a uno acusatorio, entendiendo así que no solo el delincuente es parte dentro del proceso penal, sino que también se debe dar un reco- nocimiento jurídico a la persona sobre la cual recaen las consecuencias del delito. Así, resulta importante el análi- sis de la concepción etimológica de la palabra “víctima”, cuál es el marco jurídico que la protege y la falta de ar- monización de la ley respectiva. De esta manera, se abor- dará esta investigación documental a manera de análisis situacional, con recopilación estadística y de campo, para conocer la realidad jurídica de la víctima en Baja Califor- nia, en un nuevo contexto jurídico, como avance parcial del proyecto de investigación “La situación de las víctimas como sujeto jurídico dentro del nuevo sistema de justicia penal acusatorio”. Eventually the victim in the Mexican penal system has transcended from an inquisitorial system to an adversari- al one. Understanding so that not only the offender’s part in the criminal proceedings, but also must give legal rec- ognition to the victim, upon which rests the consequences of crime. Thus, the analysis of the etymological concep- tion of the word “victim”, which is the legal framework that protects and lack of harmonization of the respec- tive law is important. Thus, this documentary research be addressed, as a situational analysis, statistical and field collection, to meet the legal reality of the victim in Baja California, in a new legal context as partial progress of the research project “The situation of victims as a legal subject within the new adversarial criminal justice sys- tem”.
Caos sistémico global y políticas de postdesarrollo en América Latina
Authors: Fornillo Bruno 
Published: July 2018

<p>Nuestra sociedad actual permite vislumbrar que se desarrollan sin freno no solo las fuerzas productivas, sino también las ‘destructivas’, de modo que nos enfrentamos a una serie de ‘límites ecológicos’ que amenazan la reproducción de la biosfera. En este artículo, reflexionamos sobre el escenario incierto que dibuja el agotamiento de los combustibles fósiles, el cambio ambiental global y la actual disputa económica entre países y corporaciones globales, marco en el que América Latina debe repensar la concepción del desarrollo, en pro de elaborar nuevas estrategias, tanto desde la política pública como desde la sociedad civil, para enfrentar los peligros que acechan el siglo XXI. </p>