bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surgical morbidity and mortality in patients with calculus biliary tract diseases
Authors: Khan Zubair Afzal 
Published: May 2019

Background: In the era of laparoscopic cholecystectomy the discussion on morbidity and mortality of open cholecystectomy still holds importance and should not be considered obsolete. The values of good anaesthesia, good muscular relaxation, adequate operative exposure and adequate stretch on the CBD and careful anatomical dissection are very well known. The objective of the study was to study the surgical morbidity and mortality in patients with calculus biliary tract diseases.Methods: The study included 839 patients with surgical jaundice and various surgical modalities applied as per the need and indication. 168 patients out of 839 were referred to Department of General Surgery for surgical management.Results: The commonest surgical procedure carried out was cholecystectomy with CBD exploration in 102 (60.71%) patients. Only CBD stone was found in 79 (47.02%) patients. Total 43 (25.60%) incidence of post-operative complications were reported in the patients. Surgical wound infection (20, 11.90%) was the commonest post-operative complications, followed by chest infection (13, 7.74), and biliary leakage (4, 2.38%). Four (2.38%) deaths were reported among 168 cases.Conclusions: Conventional surgeries like CBD exploration, choledochoduodenostomy (CDD), choledochoju-jenostomy (CDJ), transduodenal sphincteroplasty (TDS) can be associated with morbidity and mortality in spite of optimisation and excellent postoperative care.
Main pulmonary artery diameter assessment in a large sample of Indian population: a MDCT based study
Authors: Wani Abdul Haseeb , Shiekh Yassar , Ahangar Najeeb Tallal 
Published: May 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The gold standard for pulmonary artery pressure measurement is right heart catheterization but its invasive nature precludes its routine use. Main pulmonary arterial trunk calibre increase is a strong indicator of underlying pulmonary arterial hypertension. MDCT can accurately measure the diameter of main pulmonary artery. The objective of the study was to establish the normative values of main pulmonary artery caliber using contrast enhanced CT and try to ascertain any significant difference in main pulmonary artery calibers between two genders and correlation of age and main pulmonary artery diameter.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Contrast enhanced CT images of 462 subjects were analysed on a PACS workstation monitor and widest diameter perpendicular to long axis of the main pulmonary artery as seen on reformatted axial image was measured with electronic caliper tool at the level of the main pulmonary artery bifurcation. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The mean main pulmonary artery diameter in females was 22.54±2.19 mm and 23.34±3.06 mm in males. The mean pulmonary artery diameter in males was larger than females with statistically significant difference seen (p&lt;0.05). The correlation coefficient between age of whole sample and their mean main pulmonary artery was found to be 0.1006 with no statistically significant difference.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> There is a statistically significant difference in the mean main pulmonary artery calibre between males and females with no strong correlation between the age and mean main pulmonary artery calibre. Further studies are warranted to find the complex interaction between main pulmonary artery diameter and sex, age and body mass index.</p>
Effect of radiofrequency vs other surgeries in the management of obstructive sleep apnoea
Authors: Bage Atul M. , Muthuvel Lakshman Bhaskar , Kalatharan Pradheep 
Published: May 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Snoring is an important social problem seen in both men and women. Snoring occurs as a result of soft tissue vibration caused by a partial upper airway collapse during sleep. The aim of the study was to analyse the morbidity and efficacy of radiofrequency thermal ablation of upper airway in patients suffering from OSA.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> In the Department of ENT, Pondicherry, 40 patients between the age group of 20 to 60 years who were diagnosed to have OSA were operated according to the site of obstruction including RFVTR. Various parameters including ESS, partner scores, post-op pain, bleeding, pharyngeal dryness voice change were measured accordingly on the 1st day, 45th day, 90th day and 180th day postoperatively for the efficacy of treatment and also for assessing the morbidity of treatment provided. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> There is a statistically significant reduction in ESS scores and partner scores between pre-operative period and post operatively on the 45th day, 90th day and 180th day. Post-operative pain assessment also showed that patients who underwent RFVTR had lesser pain when compared to other surgeries like zetaplasty, LAUP, etc.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Radiofrequency surgery should be considered as the treatment of choice for mild OSA and hypopneic snorers. The important advantage of these procedures is technically simple and minimally invasive. RFTA of the soft palate leaves the mucosa intact contrary to LAUP, hence the pain comparably less. Relatively cost effective when compared to LASER and Coblator.</p>
Diagnostic value of biplanar ultrasonographic assessment in detecting degenerative changes in femoral articular cartilage
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Meltem , KAVAK Rasime Pelin 
Published: May 2019

Aim: The aim of our study was to assess the diagnostic
value of biplanar ultrasonography in detecting degenerative changes of femoral
articular cartilage using magnetic resonance imaging as the reference method.Material
and Methods: Femoral articular cartilage examination was performed
with ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging in 40 patients with knee
pain. Magnetic resonance imaging of the knees were carried out on a 1.5 T scanner with proton density weighted,
fat suppressed sequence in three
orthogonal planes. Ultrasonographic evaluations of the knees were performed in
both longitudinal and transverse planes. Taking the findings of magnetic
resonance imaging as a reference, the
diagnostic effectiveness of biplanar US in detecting medial condylar, lateral
condylar and intercondylar notch cartilage lesions were calculated.Results: The sensitivity of biplanar ultrasonography in
detecting medial condylar, lateral condylar, and intercondylar notch cartilage
lesions were 93.55%, 61.11%, and 53.85%, respectively. The specificity of the
technique in detecting the lesions in these locations were 88.89%, 90.91%, and 100.00%, respectively.

Conclusion: Ultrasonography is a
relatively inexpensive, easily accessible and a non-invasive imaging tool. We
found that biplanar ultrasonography is a reliable method in detecting medial
condylar cartilage lesions in knee osteoarthritis, and we recommend using it
for the purposes of screening and follow-up evaluation of medial type knee
osteoarthritis where MRI is not accessible.
Prediction of geostrophic currents using big weather data archive and neural networks for the Aegean Sea
Authors: Inan Timur , BABA Ahmet Fevzi 
Published: May 2019

Prediction of sea and weather environment variables like wind speed, wind direction, wave height, wave direction, sea surface current direction and magnitude has always been an important subject in marine engineering as they effect on ship speed and effect the time of arrival to destination point as well. In this study, we propose a neural network that can predict the latitudinal and longitudinal components of sea surface currents in the Aegean Sea. The system can predict the sea surface currents components using the wind components which are gathered from the INMARSAT weather report system. The neural network is trained using the historical data which is gathered from UCAR historical weather database and historical surface current data which is gathered from IFREMER database.
Keywords: Sea surface current, weather report, prediction, neural network, big data archive.
The influence of organizational culture and spiritual intelligence on employee performance through emotional intelligence
Authors: Sancoko Reni , Setiawan Margono , Troena Eka Afnan 
Published: May 2019

<p>This study aims to analyze the relationship between organizational culture, spiritual intelligence, emotional intelligence and employee performance at the PT. PLN (Persero) Distribsui Bali. The research population is employees who are permanent employees with a minimum work period of 1 year totaling 189 people. The sampling technique used was simple random sampling with the number of respondents 128 people and using SPSS 2.1 as an analytical tool. Research findings indicate that organizational culture and spiritual intelligence have a significant effect on emotional intelligence. In addition, organizational culture and spiritual intelligence have a significant effect on employee performance. And emotional intelligence has a significant influence on employee performance. This study also emphasizes that emotional intelligence mediates some of the influence of organizational culture on employee performance. And emotional intelligence mediates some of the influence of spiritual intelligence on employee performance. Finally, this study verifies that organizational culture and spiritual intelligence in private organizations are able to provide useful finding such as those found in public organizations (BUMN). This research only focuses on spiritual intelligence and emotional intelligence. Subsequent research can investigate other intelligence possessed by humans such as intelligence quotient and physical intelligence. In terms of comparing the two human intelligences with spiritual intelligence and emotional intelligence in the hope of verifying whether employees who are intellectually intelligent, physical, spiritual and emotional can greatly help the organization to improve employee performance. </p>
ESP Protector Mechanical Seal Run-Life Extender
Authors: Mansir Hassan , Bencze Andras , Waldner Leon , Graham John , Hong Claire , Duong Bruce 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
One of the main functions of an ESP Seal Chamber Section (also known as a "Protector") is to provide a rotating mechanical seal to protect the motor oil from contamination. These seals are susceptible to damage due to a high concentration of fines in production fluids scoring the sealing surfaces.
A novel device to be used in conjunction with the Protector has been developed and tested. The device, called the Guardian, draws in wellbore fluid, through a two-stage dynamic separator, to continuously flush the seal with filtered fluid. The device, located between the pump intake and the Protector, accelerates the solids and ejects them back into the fluid stream. Only filtered fluid remains after the last stage. This filtered fluid is circulated through the device's journal bearings to replenish the fluid in contact with the mechanical seal. This filtered fluid protects the seal and manages its heat rejection.
The device solves one of the enduring challenges to run-life of ESP Protectors prevalent in applications such as tight oil and SAGD. The technology is a step change to existing solutions and provides service companies and operators a solution applicable when solids and fines pose a risk to the mechanical seal, a critical part of an ESP and its run life.
Nine Years Operational Experience of the Vega Field – Design, Experience, and Lessons Learned
Authors: Hatscher Stephan , Kiselnikov Maxim , Ugueto Luis , Norheim Bård , Olsen Viggo , Malmanger Eva , Alvestad Atle 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The Vega field is a gas condensate / volatile oil asset located in the Northern part of the North Sea. It comprises three subsea templates, daisy-chained on a 52 km long subsea multiphase flowline to the Gjøa host platform. The high temperature, high pressure field was developed by Norsk Hydro and Statoil and came onstream in 2010; it came under operatorship of Wintershall in 2015. A lot of operational experience was gained within those years. The paper will reflect on the assumptions that led to the design of the asset and juxtapose this with the findings after first oil. Within this, especially the subject of paraffin precipitation will be highlighted. This was perceived as the highest risk to the asset upon development. Later field life, however, showed no indication of wax precipitation at all.
Furthermore, and especially since the takeover by Wintershall, production optimization and prolonging field life has been a strong focus. The paper will showcase several aspects of this, like re-vitalizing wells through acid stimulations, extending lifetime with an infill well campaign, a new spare part strategy, or chemical optimization on the continuous hydrate inhibition cocktail. Moreover, it will also display further activities to extend lifetime even more by changes in the hydrate philosophy.
The story shows that with fresh eyes and new approaches, also smaller fields can be optimized efficiently, leading to increased lifetimes and improved economics.
Positivity and prevalence of human papillomavirus among a large population of Hakka women in southern China
Authors: Liu Sudong , Gu Xiaodong , Weng Ruiqiang , Liu Jing , Zhong Zhixiong 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Background
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infections are known to be the main cause of cervical cancer. Thus, detecting HPV genotypes is of great significance for cervical cancer screening. To formulate strategies for prevention of cervical cancer, we studied the HPV infection prevalence and age-specific distribution of female in Hakka area of southern China.
Method
From January, 2016 to July, 2018, 36,871 women from gynecological or reproductive center of Meizhou People’s Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University were recruited in this study. HPV genotypes was detected by flow cytometry method.
Results
HPV infection was observed in 18.34% of the participants, and approximately 79.98% of them were infected with high-risk HPV. The 5 most prevalent genotypes were HPV 52 (18.18%), HPV 16 (16.06%), HPV 58 (11.37%), HPV 53 (8.82%) and HPV 39 (6.42%). The most intensive HPV infections were observed in women aged 40-49 and women aged 30-59 added up to 79.62% of positive patients.
Conclusion
The high HPV infection rate in this Hakka area highlighted the necessity of screening program for HPV infection and cervical cancer among women. The findings of HPV genotypes and the age specific distribution of HPV infection in this area will contribute to the future vaccine development.
Identification of serotypes Pasteurella multocida and Mannheimia haemolytica from cattle and sheep in central Ethiopia
Authors: Tolera Teshale , Wirtu Abebe , Kumsa Bersissa , Zerabruk Elsa , Albene Yetnebersh , Tadesse Fanos , Mammo Gezahegn , Gelaye Essayas , Tolera Teshale Sori 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Background: Pneumonic pasteurellosis is a multi-factorial respiratory disease of cattle and sheep caused by combination of etiologic agents; hence, reliable information is needed on the species or serotypes of bacterial agents for optimum control of the disease. This study was conducted with the objectives of identification of bacterial agents causing pneumonic pasteurellosis in cattle and sheep and identify serotypes of P. multocida involved.
Methods: Bacteriological and molecular methods were used on 176 pneumonic lungs (93 cattle and 83 sheep) collected from abattoirs and 604 nasal swabs collected from 302 cattle and 302 sheep presented to Asella, Holota and Sheno veterinary clinics.
Results: Twenty-five percent, 26.5% and 23.5% of nasal swabs collected from cattle and sheep from Asella, Holota and Sheno, respectively, were positive to one or more species of Pasteurella, Mannheimia and Bibersteinia. Mannheimia haemolytica was the predominant bacteria isolated at all sites. The isolation of these bacterial species was associated with age and pneumonic status of animals and management system. Young animals were more likely to yield positive results than adults (OR = 1.56; 95 % CI: 1.02, 2.38). Similarly, isolation of the three bacterial species was more frequent in animals with signs of pneumonia than those animals without signs of pneumonia (OR = 4.67; 95 % CI: 3.03, 7.19) and from animals under intensive management system than those animals kept under extensive management system (OR = 2.46; 95 % CI: 1.12, 5.39). Out of the total of 176 pneumonic lungs examined isolation was done from 48 (27.27 %) of them. Mannheimia haemolyitica was the predominant species isolated from pneumonic lungs. The identity of P. multocida and M. haemolytica isolated was further confirmed using PCR. Pasteurella multocida serotypes A1 and A3 and M. haemolytica serotype A1 were the predominant serotypes identified.
Conclusion: This study revealed that M. haemolytica, P. multocida and B. trehalosi are commonly circulating in cattle and sheep originated from various parts of the country. It is also interesting that the serotypes of P. multocida and M. haemolytica identified in the present study are those that are already proven to cause pneumonia in ruminants.
Immobilization of cesium-resistant bacterial cells by radiation polymerization and their bioremoval efficiency
Authors: Singh Rita , Shitiz Kirti , Singh Antaryami 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Biological approaches for the removal of heavy metals and radionuclides from contaminated water are reported. The present study was carried out with the objective of identifying bacterial strains for the uptake of cesium that could be used for bioremediation. Polymer carriers prepared by radiation polymerization were used for the immobilization of bacteria and the efficiency of free cells and immobilized cells for the removal of cesium was evaluated. Thirty-five bacterial isolates were screened for resistance to cesium and five bacterial isolates based on resistance to cesium (BR-3, BR-6, BR-21, BR-39, BR-40) were selected for immobilization. Polymer carriers were prepared using 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50% acrylamide at different doses of 1 to 5 kGy gamma radiation. The polymer carriers prepared using 30% and 40% acrylamide at 5 kGy were found to be suitable based on gel fraction and absorption capacity for the immobilization of bacterial cells. Bioremoval of cesium by free and immobilized bacterial cells was evaluated. Significant reductions of 76–81% cesium were observed with bacterial cells immobilized by radiation polymerization.
Does Nimodipine, a Selective Calcium Channel Blocker, Impair Chondrocyte Proliferation or Damage Extracellular Matrix Structures?
Authors: Kaplan Necati , Yilmaz Ibrahim , Karaarslan Numan , Kaya Yasin E. , Sirin Duygu Y. , Ozbek Hanefi 
Published: May 2019

Background:
The study aimed to investigate the effects of the active ingredient, nimodipine,
on chondrocyte proliferation and extracellular matrix (ECM) structures in cartilage tissue cells.

Methods:
Chondrocyte cultures were prepared from tissues resected via surgical operations. Nimodipine
was then applied to these cultures and molecular analysis was performed. The data obtained were
statistically calculated.

Results:
Both, the results of the (3-(4,5 dimethylthiazol2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium (MTT) assay and
the fluorescence microscope analysis [a membrane permeability test carried out with acridine orange/
propidium iodide staining (AO/PI)] confirmed that the active ingredient, nimodipine, negatively
affects the cell cultures.

Conclusion:
Nimodipine was reported to suppress cellular proliferation; chondroadherin (CHAD) and
hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) expression thus decreased by 2.4 and 1.7 times, respectively,
at 24 hrs when compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Furthermore, type II collagen
(COL2A1) expression was not detected (p<0.05). The risk that a drug prescribed by a clinician in an
innocuous manner to treat a patient by relieving the symptoms of a disease may affect the proliferation,
differentiation, and viability of other cells and/or tissues at the molecular level, beyond its known side
effects or adverse events, should not be forgotten.
Implementasi Rangkaian CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check) Generator pada FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array)
Authors: Augoestien Nia Gella , Aditya Ryan 
Published: May 2019

Data integrity in high speed data transmission process is a major requerment that can not be ignored. High speed data transmission is prone to data errors. CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check) is a mechanism that is often used as a detector errors in data transmission and storage process. When CRC is implemented using embedded software or processor, CRC requires many clock cycles. If CRC Generator implemented in special dedicated hardware, computational time reduced so that it can be met the high speed system communication requirement. This paper propose the design and implementation of CRC generator on FPGA that capable to minimaze computational time. The method is to reduce calculation latency by separating the coefficients of certain digits and calculating directly the result of polinomial key modulo. CRC Generator in this paper was implemented on Xilinx Spartan®-6 Series (XC6LX16-CS324). The modeling results have succeeded to finish computation on 1 clock cycle. Hardware eficiency is achieved 0.38 Gbps/Slice, while the throughput is 3,758 Gbps.
Sosialisasi Budidaya Kurma dan Konsep Green Constitution
Authors: Ismi Hayatul , Kusumawaty Yeni , Deliana Evi , Hasanah Ulfia , Artina Dessy , Erdiansyah Erdiansyah , Trisnawati Fenny 
Published: May 2019

Rokan Hulu Regency is famous for its religious tourism with the construction of Madani Islamic Center Mosque which is visited by thousands of visitors from different regions every week. To support the characteristic of this religious tourism area, it was planned to cultivate the date palms which was inspired by the Holy Qur'an to increase the income and welfare of the community of Babussalam Village. In relation to the introduction of relatively new date fruit cultivation in Indonesia, socialization and counseling on the potential of date palms and village rules concepts in line with green constitution were necessary. This counseling aimed to provide guidance to the community of Babussalam Village Rokan Hulu District Rokan Hulu as a village that has a program of cultivation of date palms through village regulations and to improve the living standards of villagers in Babussalam as well as a pilot village of dates cultivation. Based on the five indicators (increase of participant's knowledge, the activity of the participants, the suitability of the training materials to the needs of the participants, the impact of future activity implementation and the participation rate based on the number of participants), the activity is considered successful and can improve knowledge, motivation and of community and the apparatus of Babussalam village in implementing date palm cultivation as a trade mark for Rokan Hulu Regency as a religious tourism destination in the future.
Educación a distancia. Una decisión informada
Authors: Martínez Artemisa 
Published: May 2019

La educación a distancia y en línea tiene características propias con las que una persona que quiera iniciar una experiencia en esta modalidad podría no estar familiarizada y que podrían llevarla a no culminar su experiencia. Lo deseable es que, al iniciar esta experiencia, el estudiante tuviera una suerte de iniciación en la modalidad que le proporcionara información y elementos de análisis y construcción de conocimiento tanto de la institución como del proyecto en el que se va a enrolar, de las peculiaridades de la modalidad y, por supuesto, de sus propios límites y capacidades. De tal manera que al momento de incorporarse a un proyecto en línea, el estudiante pueda tomar una decisión informada.