bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analytical modelling for optimized selection between renewable energy systems and the conventional grid expansion
Authors: Sanjel Nawaraj , Baral Bivek , Acharya Mahesh , Gautam Satish 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The study aims to present the analysis of Economic Distance Limit (EDL) of conventional grid extension and some renewable energy systems for Gorkha District based on Life Cycle Cost (LCC) analysis. The study is an attempt to prepare a framework for the evaluation of a least cost electricity master plan which may be applied to other districts in future. An analytical tool has been followed to carry out the least cost electrification planning. The least cost planning has been done for the load forecast for the 5th year, which is 965 kW in aggregate. Accordingly, to meet this demand, it has been assumed that there will be 40 numbers of 25 kVA transformers feeding the settlements in the study Village Development Committee (VDCs), and an alternative option of electrifying these villages will consist of 40 Micro-Hydro Power plants (MHPs) of 25 kW capacities each. The result shows that extension from the existing grid points up to additional 22.41 km (economic distance limit, or EDL) is more economical than supplying through the installation of MHPs. A similar comparison was attempted with grid vs commercial scale solar photovoltaic (PV) for a theoretical load of 25 kW; the EDL for grid-extension has been worked out to be 47.96 km with battery storage. Furthermore, the costs of low voltage lines have not been included in comparison assuming they are common costs to both options. Reliability from the grid supply, MHPs and commercial solar PV has been assumed to be similar.
Modelling of asymmetric n-p junction enriched with charge carriers in equilibrium state
Authors: Bogatov N M , Grigoryan L R , Kovalenko A I , Nesterenko I I , Polovodov Y A 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Modelling n-p-junction is an urgent task, because theoretical models do not describe all the properties of semiconductor structures with different content of impurities. The influence of impurities on the properties of asymmetric n-p-junction was analyzed in the paper. The Poisson equation in the space charge region (SCR) of the equilibrium n-p-junction was solved numerically. The charge density in the SCR was also calculated. It has been shown that the structure of SCR of strongly asymmetric n-p-junction substantially differs from the model of depleted charge carriers, and includes four parts: 1 – highly doped region, wherein the main charge carriers partially compensate the charge of the ionized impurities; 2 – low-doped region containing ionized impurities of the opposite sign with respect to the first, enriched with charge carriers, increasing the charge of ionized impurities; 3 – lowly doped region, wherein the concentrations of electrons and holes much less than the concentration of ionized impurities; 4 – lowly doped region, wherein the main charge carriers partially compensate the charge of the ionized impurities.
Modeling and force analysis of drum devices based on the geometry of the material segment
Authors: Teruchcov V , Cupschev A , Konovalov V , Rodionov Yu 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The aim of the research is the numerical simulation of the drum mixer operation, including the identification of geometrical indicators of a material pile in a rotating drum for conducting the force analysis and determining the expended power. The influence of the required performance of the drum device on the parameters of its container with regard to the filling degree is determined analytically using the mixer as an example. The functional model of the central angle of the material segment on the filling degree of the container is established. The expressions for the parameters of a material segment in a rotating container are revealed. They allowed for determining the torque and power consumption of the drive based on the power analysis. The graphic material of changes in the calculated indicators in the modeling process is presented.
Stepper hydraulic motor with pneumatic (jet) control system in machines with hydromechanical forming links
Authors: Vanin V A , Kolodin A N , Rodina A A 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The practical feasibility of using hydraulic links based on a stepper hydraulic drive with a jet control system in the internal circuits of machine tools has been considered. The application of hydraulic links based on stepper hydraulic motor in the internal circuits of the machines is constrained by the lack of fast-retrofitting control systems, functionally similar to switches, meeting the requirements of high accuracy (low step cost), high reliability requirements (no impulse skip).
Simulation of graphene-containing viscous fluid motion in the gap between static and rotating discs
Authors: Pershin V , Alhilo Z , Baranov A , Memetov N , Tugolukov E 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The motion of a graph-containing viscous fluid between stationary and rotating disks is considered. The initial differential equations of motion for the elementary volume of a liquid are compiled and the initial conditions are determined. Assuming that the flow in the gap is a Couette flow, an analytical solution has been obtained to change the radial and angular coordinates of the elementary volume with time. With the use of the mathematical package Maple, characteristic trajectories of the movement of elementary volumes of fluid in the gap between a fixed and rotating disk with different consumption characteristics and geometry are obtained. Calculated speed, time of stay and the path traveled by an elementary volume, depending on the initial coordinate of the thickness of the gap.
The models of physical processes of bees winter aggregation
Authors: Oskin S V , Ovsyannikov D A , Tsokur D S 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The analysis of physical processes happening in beehives was carried out for 15 000 bees in winter aggregation. In the current study changes of bees aggregation volume during winter season as well as bonds between heating, air exchange and humidity were considered. Simulation of physical in-hive processes was carried out with the help of software Comsol 5.3. Temperature fields analysis confirms the availability of the high thermal insulation ability of bees. On the surface of the bees aggregation the temperature is +12°C. In spite of temperature fluctuations outside the aggregation, inside of the latter temperature is maintained at the level of +25°C…+32°C. Within the aggregation temperature is distributed uneven, and there are zones of higher temperature values not exceeding +34°C, which is not harmful for bees. Analysis of air exchange processes demonstrates that the air velocity near the beehive entrance is 0.03…0.1 meters per second, and in the central inlet – 0.12…0.17 meters per second. The highest air velocity values – exceeding 0.19 meters per second – are achieved inside of the bees aggregation. Humidity level within beehives is uneven. Identity of thermal fields obtained with thermal camera and results of the simulation demonstrates the high level of its concordance.
Investigation of the regeneration of precipitating convective cloud in basin topography area
Authors: Fitriani R , Trilaksono N J , Hadi T W 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The occurrence of precipitation in basin topography area at Bandung can be generated from repeatedly formed convective clouds in one diurnal cycle, which also is detected as multiple rain peaks during a day. In satellite observations, the formation of a new convective cell after dissipation stage of the predecessor cell around or in the same location indicates a regeneration process. The daily convective activities were analyzed during February–May 2017 to understand the regeneration of precipitating convective clouds in Bandung area. The rainfall events were obtained from cumulative distribution function (CDF) at the highest percentages of daily precipitation. This study proposed regeneration index (RegI) as initial identification for convective cloud regeneration from daily rainfall data with multiple peaks. The cases that obtained through the RegI were then verified by satellite data. Both cases at 27 February and 1 May 2017 show that the regeneration of convective cloud was detected in the study area. The precipitating convective clouds initiate in the north Bandung while regenerate and propagate southward. These cases suggest that the highest percentages of daily rainfall in basin topography area can be generated by multiple convective clouds.
The influence of aerosol on the sunlight divergence in the atmospheric Indonesia
Authors: Rosida  
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Solar radiation is the source of energy for the earth. The amount of solar radiation that reaching the earth’s surface, is strongly influenced by the interaction of solar radiation with the atmospheric that is passed through. This paper analyzes the effect of aerosols on solar radiation balance in the Indonesian atmosphere using radiation data from the Clouds and the Earth’s Radiant Energy System (CERES) and aerosol optical depth that is obtained from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) - Terra, from March 2000 to February 2016. Aerosol optical depth data (AOD) and shortwave (SW) radiation that reach the top of atmosphere and the earth’s surface were analyzed spatially and temporally with the observation area of the 150S – 150N and 900W – 1500E. Moreover, the sample of several locations was analyzed such as Palangkaraya, Pontianak, Banjarmasin and Samarinda, to look at the cases of forest fires which generate aerosols that quite high. Results of data analysis showed a significant influence of aerosols on the divergence of short-wave solar radiation in the atmosphere of Indonesia. The divergence of short-wave radiation shows how much solar radiation is absorbed in the atmosphere. Some cities such as Palangkaraya and Pontianak showed a strong correlation (0.7 - 0.95) between AOD and the value of shortwave radiation divergence. Temporal pattern from time series analysis showed that the increase in the value of AOD due to the fires incident, give the biggest influence on the decrease in solar radiation that reaches the earth’s surface.
Simulation of Sea Breeze Events in Gulf of Jakarta under Different Synoptic Condition: An Application of WRF Model
Authors: Rosita Dewi D M Pera , Fatmasari D , Gustari I 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The behaviour of the sea breeze developing along the Gulf of Jakarta during days with different synoptic condition is examined using observational data and simulations from the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF). An objective and systematic selection method is used to detect sea breeze days from observational data. The simulation used three nested grids at 27, 9 and 3 km resolution covering Gulf of Jakarta and its joining region for sea breeze event at November 22th, 2016 which formed under offshore large-scale ambient wind, January 20th, 2017 which formed under westerly large-scale ambient wind, and August 10th, 2017 which formed under easterly large-scale ambient wind. Results show that the development of sea breeze circulation under offshore ambient wind produced lower 10-m wind speed simulation, while sea breeze conditions under westerly large-scale ambient wind are associated with highest surface wind speeds reaching 9.5 ms-1 in Gulf of Jakarta. Sea breeze simulation also indicates the formation of calm zone which is 22 - 56 km away from the Jakarta Gulf coastline. Model also shows the formation of thermal internal boundary layer that are about 300-700 m near the coast gradually merged with the mixing layer inland. Performance of WRF on the simulated circulation is studied by conducting value of correlation, RMSE, and MBE. Overall, model simulation agrees fairly well with the observations taken at a near-surface meteorological station.
PWM control method to eliminate Common Mode Voltage in three level T-Type inverters
Authors: Tran Vinh-Thanh , Hai-Quach Thanh , Do Duc-Tri , Choi Youn-Ok , Jung Pan-Gum , Cho Geum-Bae 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In this paper, Common-mode voltage (CMV) is responsible for overvoltage stress to the winding insulation and bearing damage of an AC motor. High dv/dt of CMV causes leakage currents, which create noise problems to the equipment installed near the converter. This paper presented modulation strategy to eliminate CMV three level T-Type inverter (Zero CMV 3L T2I) that substantially eliminates CMV. The principles of selecting suitable triangle carrier signals for the T-Type is described. This PWM control method can mitigate the peak value to 95% as compared to the conventional sinusoidal pulse width modulation method. A prototype is constructed to verify the operating principle of the three-level T-Type inverter. Simulation and experimental results are presented.
Exact solutions for restricted incompressible Navier–Stokes equations with Dirichlet boundary conditions
Authors: García-Casado Manuel 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This paper exposes how to obtain a relation that have to be hold for all free-divergence velocity fields that evolve according to Navier–Stokes equations. However, checking the violation of this relation requires a huge computational effort. To circumvent this problem it is proposed an additional ansatz to free-divergence Navier–Stokes fields. This makes available six degrees of freedom which can be tuned. When they are tuned adequately, it is possible to find finite L
2 norms of the velocity field for volumes of

R

3

and for

t
∈
[

t

0

,
∞
)

. In particular, the kinetic energy of the system is bounded when the field components u

i
are class C
3 functions on

R

3

×
[

t

0

,
∞
)

that hold Dirichlet boundary conditions. This additional relation lets us conclude that Navier–Stokes equations with no-slip boundary conditions have not unique solution. Moreover, under a given external force the kinetic energy can be computed exactly as a funtion of time.
RAG-Web: RNA structure prediction/design using RNA-As-Graphs
Authors: Meng Grace , Tariq Marva , Jain Swati , Elmetwaly Shereef , Schlick Tamar 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Summary
We launch a webserver for RNA structure prediction and design corresponding to tools developed using our RNA-As-Graphs (RAG) approach. RAG uses coarse-grained tree graphs to represent RNA secondary structure, allowing the application of graph theory to analyze and advance RNA structure discovery. Our webserver consists of three modules: (a) RAG Sampler: samples tree graph topologies from an RNA secondary structure to predict corresponding tertiary topologies, (b) RAG Builder: builds three-dimensional atomic models from candidate graphs generated by RAG Sampler, and (c) RAG Designer: designs sequences that fold onto novel RNA motifs (described by tree graph topologies). Results analyses are performed for further assessment/selection. The Results page provides links to download results and indicates possible errors encountered. RAG-Web offers a user-friendly interface to utilize our RAG software suite to predict and design RNA structures and sequences.

Availability and implementation
The webserver is freely available online at: http://www.biomath.nyu.edu/ragtop/.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
A Second Case of Human Conjunctival Infestation With Thelazia gulosa and a Review of T. gulosa in North America
Authors: Bradbury Richard S , Gustafson Dianne Travers , Sapp Sarah G H , Fox Mark , de Almeida Marcos , Boyce Michelle , Iwen Peter , Herrera Vicki , Ndubuisi Mackevin , Bishop Henry S 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
We describe a second case of human infection caused by Thelazia gulosa (the cattle eye worm), likely acquired in California. For epidemiologic purposes, it is important to identify all Thelazia recovered from humans in North America to the species level.
Assessing major bleeding risk in atrial fibrillation patients concurrently taking non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants and antiepileptic drugs
Authors: Wang Chun-Li , Wu Victor Chien-Chia , Chang Kuo-Hsuan , Tu Hui-Tzu , Kuo Chang-Fu , Huang Yu-Tung , Chu Pao-Hsien , Kuo Chi-Ching , Chang Shang-Hung 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Aims
This study compared the risk of major bleeding between atrial fibrillation (AF) patients who took non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) and antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) concurrently and those who took only NOACs.

Methods and results
We performed a retrospective cohort study using Taiwan National Health Insurance database and included AF patients who received NOAC prescriptions from 1 June 2012 to 31 December 2017. The major bleeding risks of person-quarters exposed to NOAC and 11 concurrent AEDs (carbamazepine, gabapentin, lamotrigine, levetiracetam, oxcarbazepine, phenobarbital, phenytoin, pregabalin, topiramate, valproic acid, and zonisamide) were compared with person-quarters exposed to NOAC alone. Adjusted incidence rate differences between NOAC with or without concurrent AEDs were estimated using Poisson regression models weighted by the inverse probability of treatment. Among 104 319 patients (age 75.0 ± 10.3 years; men, 56.2%), 8546 major bleeding events occurred during 731 723 person-quarters with NOAC prescriptions. Concurrent AED use was found in 15.3% of NOAC-treated patients. Concurrent use of NOAC with valproic acid, phenytoin, or levetiracetam increased adjusted incidence rates per 1000 person-years of major bleeding more significantly than NOAC alone: 153.49 for NOAC plus valproic acid vs. 55.06 for NOAC alone [difference 98.43, 95% confidence interval (CI) 82.37–114.49]; 135.83 for NOAC plus phenytoin vs. 54.43 for NOAC alone (difference 81.4, 95% CI 60.14–102.66); and 132.96 for NOAC plus levetiracetam vs. 53.08 for NOAC alone (difference 79.88, 95% CI 64.47–95.30).

Conclusion
For AF patients, the concurrent use of NOACs and valproic acid, phenytoin, or levetiracetam was associated with a higher risk of major bleeding.
Age Differences in Intertemporal Choice: The Role of Task Type, Outcome Characteristics, and Covariates
Authors: Löckenhoff Corinna E , Samanez-Larkin Gregory R 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjectivesPrior research has revealed age differences in the preferred timing of monetary outcomes, but results are inconsistent across studies. The present study examined the role of task type, outcome characteristics, and a range of theoretically implicated covariates that may contribute to variations in age effects.MethodTwo types of intertemporal choice paradigms (temporal discounting and sequence construction) were administered to a diverse life-span sample (n = 287, aged 18–87). The design experimentally manipulated outcome delay (months vs years), amount (hundreds vs thousands), and valence (gain vs loss) while statistically controlling for a range of potential covariates including demographics, affect, personality, time perspective, subjective health, and numeracy.ResultsIn the temporal discounting task, no significant age differences were observed and this pattern did not differ by outcome delay, amount, or valence. In the sequence-construction task, age was associated with a preference for sequences of decreasing impact in the gain condition but not in the loss condition, whereas outcome delay and amount did not moderate age effects. Age patterns in discounting and sequences preferences remained unchanged after controlling for covariates.DiscussionThese findings converge with prior studies reporting weak or null effects of age in temporal discounting tasks and suggest that inconsistent results are not due to variations in outcome valence, delay, or amount across studies. Findings also add to the scarce evidence for age differences sequence-preferences. After discussing methodological limitations, we consider implications for future research and practice.
The Effectiveness of Psychoeducational and Financial Intervention to Support Caregivers of Individuals With Alzheimer’s Disease in Poland
Authors: Leszko Magdalena 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Background and Objectives
The goal of this study is to create data-driven guidelines and tools for caregivers and health care professionals that will enable caregivers to be prepared for future caregiving-related challenges and decrease their levels of stress.

Research Design and Methods
A total of 60 spousal caregivers of individuals with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) living in Poland were recruited for this study. The participants were assigned to two different groups. The intervention group was provided with a five-session training focused on teaching coping strategies for managing difficult behaviors and provided with a stipend for a period of 6 months (a financial aid program recently launched by the local agency). A control group was not provided with any of the interventions but asked to complete the questionnaires. The effectiveness of each intervention was assessed at a baseline and 6 months after baseline evaluation.

Results
Caregivers who received financial and educational training reported significantly decreased levels of depression and caregiver burden in comparison to the control group. The majority of caregivers emphasized that caregiving created financial problems and that their work has been underestimated by the government.

Discussion and Implications
This project addresses several issues of central importance to the success of building research foundation for the interventions. The results have the potential of generating more efficient and personalized interventions that address the needs of the caregiver as they occur, leading to increased knowledge of AD and decreased levels of depression and caregiver burden.
On symmetric primitive potentials
Authors: Nabelek Patrik , Zakharov Dmitry , Zakharov Vladimir 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe concept of a primitive potential for the Schrödinger operator on the line was introduced in Dyachenko et al. (2016, Phys. D, 333, 148–156), Zakharov, Dyachenko et al. (2016, Lett. Math. Phys., 106, 731–740) and Zakharov, Zakharov et al. (2016, Phys. Lett. A, 380, 3881–3885). Such a potential is determined by a pair of positive functions on a finite interval, called the dressing functions, which are not uniquely determined by the potential. The potential is constructed by solving a contour problem on the complex plane. In this article, we consider a reduction where the dressing functions are equal. We show that in this case, the resulting potential is symmetric, and describe how to analytically compute the potential as a power series. In addition, we establish that if the dressing functions are both equal to one, then the resulting primitive potential is the elliptic one-gap potential.
A case of successful conservative management of gallstone ileus
Authors: Monib Sherif , Elkorety Mohamed , Thomson Simon 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Gallstone ileus is an uncommon complication of cholelithiasis but an established cause of mechanical bowel obstruction in the elderly. Perforation of the small intestine proximal to the obstructing gallstone is rare, only a handful of cases having been reported. Management is mainly surgical, but conservative treatment is occasionally appropriate. We report the case of an 86-year-old female who presented with a clinical picture of bowel obstruction, proven to be related to gallstone ileus which resolved spontaneously. We discuss the role of conservative management for this condition.