bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adenosine and Forskolin Inhibit Platelet Aggregation by Collagen but not the Proximal Signalling Events
Authors: Clark Joanne C. , Kavanagh Deirdre M. , Watson Stephanie , Pike Jeremy A. , Andrews Robert K. , Gardiner Elizabeth E. , Poulter Natalie S. , Hill Stephen J. , Watson Steve P. 
Published: May 2019

Background The G protein-coupled receptor, adenosine A2A, signals through the stimulatory G protein, Gs, in platelets leading to activation of adenylyl cyclase and elevation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and inhibition of platelet activation.
Objective This article investigates the effect of A2A receptor activation on signalling by the collagen receptor glycoprotein (GP) VI in platelets.
Methods Washed human platelets were stimulated by collagen or the GPVI-specific agonist collagen-related peptide (CRP) in the presence of the adenosine receptor agonist, 5′-N-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine (NECA) or the adenylyl cyclase activator, forskolin and analysed for aggregation, adenosine triphosphate secretion, protein phosphorylation, spreading, Ca2+ mobilisation, GPVI receptor clustering, cAMP, thromboxane B2 (TxB2) and P-selectin exposure.
Results NECA, a bioactive adenosine analogue, partially inhibits aggregation and secretion to collagen or CRP in the absence or presence of the P2Y12 receptor antagonist, cangrelor and the cyclooxygenase inhibitor, indomethacin. The inhibitory effect in the presence of the three inhibitors is largely overcome at higher concentrations of collagen but not CRP. Neither NECA nor forskolin altered clustering of GPVI, elevation of Ca2+ or spreading of platelets on a collagen surface. Further, neither NECA nor forskolin, altered collagen-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of Syk, LAT nor PLCγ2. However, NECA and forskolin inhibited platelet activation by the TxA2 mimetic, U46619, but not the combination of adenosine diphosphate and collagen.
Conclusion NECA and forskolin have no effect on the proximal signalling events by collagen. They inhibit platelet activation in a response-specific manner in part through inhibition of the feedback action of TxA2.
Cangrelor versus Ticagrelor in Patients Treated with Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Impact on Platelet Activity, Myocardial Microvascular Function and Infarct Size: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Ubaid Salahaddin , Ford Thomas J. , Berry Colin , Murray Heather M. , Wrigley Benjamin , Khan Nazish , Thomas Mark R. , Armesilla Angel L. , Townend Jon N. , Khogali Saib S. , Munir Shahzad , Martins Joe , Hothi Sandeep S. , McAlindon Elisa J. , Cotton James M. 
Published: May 2019

Background Oral P2Y12 inhibitors take more than 2 hours to achieve full effect in healthy subjects and this action is further delayed in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Intravenous P2Y12 inhibition might lead to more timely and potent anti-platelet effect in the context of emergency primary angioplasty, improving myocardial recovery.
Objectives This article compares the efficacy of intravenous cangrelor versus ticagrelor in a ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) population treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI).
Materials and Methods In an open-label, prospective, randomized controlled trial, 100 subjects with STEMI were assigned 1:1 to intravenous cangrelor or oral ticagrelor. The co-primary endpoints were platelet P2Y12 inhibition at infarct vessel balloon inflation time, 4 and 24 hours. Secondary endpoints included indices of coronary microcirculatory function: index of microvascular resistance (IMR), initial infarct size (troponin at 24 hours) and final infarct size at 12 weeks (cardiac magnetic resonance). Secondary endpoints included indices of coronary microcirculatory function (index of microvascular resistance [IMR]), initial infarct size (troponin at 24 hours), final infarct size at 12 weeks (cardiac magnetic resonance), corrected thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) frame count, TIMI flow grade, myocardial perfusion grade, and ST-segment resolution (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02733341).
Results P2Y12 inhibition at first balloon inflation time was significantly greater in cangrelor-treated patients (cangrelor P2Y12 reaction unit [PRU] 145.2 ± 50.6 vs. ticagrelor 248.3 ± 55.1). There was no difference in mean PRU at 4 and 24 to 36 hours post-dosing. IMR, final infarct size, angiographic and electrocardiographic measures of reperfusion were all similar between groups.
Conclusion Cangrelor produces more potent P2Y12 inhibition at the time of first coronary balloon inflation time compared with ticagrelor. Despite this enhanced P2Y12 inhibition, coronary microvascular function and final infarct size did not differ between groups.
Frequency and Clinical Impact of Platelet Factor 4-Specific Antibodies in Patients Undergoing Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation
Authors: Vayne Caroline , May Marc-Antoine , Bourguignon Thierry , Lemoine Eric , Guery Eve-Anne , Rollin Jérôme , Gruel Yves , Pouplard Claire 
Published: May 2019

Introduction/Objectives Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) provides circulatory support in patients with severe heart failure, but the frequent use of unfractionated heparin exposes patients to high risk of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT). We prospectively evaluated the development and clinical impact of platelet factor 4 (PF4)-specific antibodies (Abs) during ECMO and whether specific biological characteristics could predict HIT.
Materials and Methods From 2014 to 2018, we studied 57 adults who underwent an ECMO for at least 5 days. The plasma samples collected daily were tested for PF4-specific Abs using immunoassays to detect immunoglobulin (Ig) G, A, and M isotypes or only IgG. Serotonin release assay was performed without and with PF4 to detect pathogenic Abs.
Results Twenty-nine patients (50%) were positive for PF4-specific Abs (IgG, A, M), with IgG in 17/57 (30%) and 16 of them (94%) were immunized within 10 days. PF4-specific IgG Abs did not affect the clinical or biological course of most patients. HIT was suspected in only two patients with ECMO circuit dysfunction and unexpected platelet count decrease after day 5. High levels of PF4-specific IgG were detected in both patients, and HIT was confirmed by a serotonin release assay, which was also more sensitive when exogenous PF4 was present.
Conclusion PF4-specific Abs are common during ECMO but are mostly non-pathogenic and not associated with a less favorable prognosis. However, an abnormal platelet count evolution, in particular if associated with ECMO circuit dysfunction, should prompt the search for pathogenic PF4-specific IgG.
Increased Accumulation and Retention of rhFVIIa (eptacog beta) in Knee Joints of Hemophilia A Mice Compared to Wild-Type Mice
Authors: Magisetty Jhansi , Pendurthi Usha R. , Madhunapantula SubbaRao V. , Grandoni Jerry , Rao L. Vijaya Mohan 
Published: May 2019

AbstractOur earlier studies showed that recombinant human factor VIIa (rhFVIIa) administered intravascularly in mice disappeared rapidly from the circulation. However, a small fraction of rhFVIIa that entered extravascular remained functionally active for an extended period. The present study aims to investigate the dose-dependency of rhFVIIa accumulation and retention in mouse knee joints and test whether the hemophilic condition affects rhFVIIa sequestration in joints. Wild-type and FVIII−/− mice were injected with three doses of rhFVIIa (eptacog beta, 90, 250, and 500 μg/kg) via the tail vein. At varying times following rhFVIIa administration, blood and knee joints were collected to measure FVIIa activity and antigen levels in plasma and joint tissues. Joint tissue sections were analyzed by immunohistochemistry for the presence of rhFVIIa. Vascular permeability was assessed by either Evans Blue dye or fluorescein dextran extravasation. The study showed that rhFVIIa accumulated in knee joints of wild-type and FVIII−/− mice in a dose-dependent manner. rhFVIIa antigen and FVIIa activity could be detectable in joints for at least 7 days. Significantly higher levels of rhFVIIa accumulation were observed in knee joints of FVIII−/− mice compared with that of wild-type mice. Immunohistochemical analyses confirmed higher levels of rhFVIIa retention in FVIII−/− mice compared with wild-type mice. Additional studies showed that FVIII−/− mice were more permissible to vascular leakage. In conclusion, the present data demonstrate a dose-dependent accumulation of rhFVIIa in knee joints, and the hemophilic condition enhances the entry of rhFVIIa from circulation to the extravascular. The present data will be useful in improving rhFVIIa prophylaxis.
Face Recognition Algorithm Based on VGG Network Model and SVM
Authors: Chen Hongling , Haoyu Chen 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The problem that the dimension of facial features is too large does exist with the Deep learning face recognition. This paper proposes a face recognition algorithm based on SVM combined with VGG network model extracting facial features, which can not only accurately extract face features, but also reduce feature dimensions and avoid irrelevant features to participate in the calculation. Firstly, the VGG-16 model is obtained by training the training data set, which is used for feature extraction, on top of this, principal component analysis method (PCA) is used for feature dimensionality reduction, and last, the face recognition is performed by SVM classifier with linear kernel function. In this paper, we conduct a comparative experiment on CelebA dataset and find that the accuracy reaches its peak when the feature dimension is reduced to 400.The experiment is carried out on LFW dataset using 400-dimensional feature data, and comparing with other algorithms, the results show that the algorithm in this paper has reached the level of state-of-art.
Control Method Based on Deep Reinforcement Learning for Robotic Follower with Monocular Vision
Authors: Wang Dongdong , Qiu Feng , Liu Xiaobo 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Robotic follower is receiving attention widely in recent years. Aiming at the problems of low sample collection efficiency, high training cost and difficult design of reward function in the real world, we propose a control method based on deep reinforcement learning. Different depth layers are adopted to attain the end-to-end control of the robotic follower through pre-trained. Then, we design a reward function mechanism to judge whether the robot follower follow falsely. Then the appropriate pre-trained network is transferred to reinforcement learning, and a deep reinforcement learning system for monocular vision robot following tasks is established. According to the experimental results, the proposed deep reinforcement learning method can efficiently collect a large number of data sets, shorten the training period and reduce the number of times that the robot follower loses its target.
A Novel Information Integration Algorithm for Speech Recognition System: Basing on Adaptive Clustering and Supervised State of Acoustic Feature
Authors: Xu Chen , Xiao Xi 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
When utilizing the most likely state sequence (MLSS) criterion in Gauss mixture model-hidden Markov model (GMM-HMM) to acquire the best state series of observations, only the maximum likelihood state of speech frame is considered. Therefore, the influence of other states is neglected, which leads to the losing of some important information, and further reduces the recognition rate of the system. In this paper, we propose two new features, which are called state likelihood cluster feature (SLCF) and supervised state feature (SSF), to both reflect acoustic features and fuse state information. Combining SLCF and SSF with Mel frequency cepstrum coefficient (MFCC), Mel frequency cepstrum & state likelihood cluster feature (MSLCF) and Mel frequency cepstrum & supervised state feature (MSSF) are formed, respectively. By the proposed MSLCF and MSSF in Chinese speech recognition experiment, the relative error rate of the isolated word recognition system declines 6.10% and 9.66%, respectively, and the relative error rate of the continuous speech recognition system declines 2.53% and 11.05%, respectively.
Machinability of Alloy Steel and Titanium Alloy under Carbon Dioxide Snow, Micro-lubrication and Hybrid Lubro- Cooling
Authors: Iqbal A , Zaini J , Nauman MM 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Efficient removal of process heat in machining of high-strength alloys is critical to product quality, process cost and productivity. The paper experimentally investigates the effects of employing a cryogenic coolant (CO2 snow), micro-lubrication and hybridization of the two on the performance measures, such as tool damage, machining forces and specific cutting energy in cutting of two commonly used high-strength alloys, Ti-6Al-4V and 40NiCrMo6. It was found that although the aforementioned cooling approached improved machinability of both the alloys but the titanium based alloy remained more difficult-to-cut than the alloy steel. Hybrid lubro-cooling and CO2 snow cooling proved to be the most effective options for machining of 40NiCrMo6 and Ti-6Al-4V, respectively.
A Nonlinear Preventive Maintenance Model with an Environmental Factor Based Weibull Distribution
Authors: Gao Wenke , Ji Hong , Wang Yu , Yang Tianshu 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Most of the Preventive maintenance (PM) reliability modeling research has focused on the relationship between two adjacent failure intensity functions, while few real case studies have demonstrated the application of these PM models. Thinking from this vision, a nonlinear PM model with scale and shape adjustment parameters is proposed based on a Weibull distribution, and two adjustment parameters can describe each PM effect. Meanwhile, the proposed model can separate the influence of an environmental factor from the failure intensity function of the new system when it operates under a new condition. The environmental parts in the failure intensity function can be improved or removed after several PM actions. Finally, one real case study is exhibited to illustrate the proposed model. The results indicate that the proposed model exhibits good fitting performance in reliability modeling and can describe the PM effect quantitatively as well as reveal the influence of the environmental factor on the system reliability.
Finite Element Analysis of Single Point Incremental Forming (SPIF) of Aluminum 7075 Using Different Types of Toolpath
Authors: Esmaeilpour R , Pourboghrat F , Kim H , Park T 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
To make large number of parts in automotive, aerospace, and appliances industries, sheet conventional metal forming processes, such as stamping, are used. However, for small number of productions, novel flexible manufacturing processes, such as incremental sheet forming (ISF) must be utilized to decrease the production costs. Studying the process parameters in ISF process such as, the toolpath, step size, tool size, feed rate, lubrication, and wall angle is essential as they are affecting the formability and deformation behavior of this process. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect different types of toolpath, such as z-level (profile) and helical (spiral) to form a truncated-conical geometry in simulation of the single point incremental forming (SPIF) of AA7075-O. A detailed comparison of these tool paths' predictions was made with respect to the effective plastic strain distribution, part thickness, tool force and moment.
Numerical modeling of leachate migration in compacted tropical laterite soil
Authors: Bello Yamusa Yamusa , Alias Noraliani , Ahmad Kamarudin , Sa’ari Radzuan , Zurairahetty Mohd Yunus Nor 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
To protect groundwater from leachate contamination in sanitary landfill involve the use of hydraulic barriers i.e. liners and covers. Nonetheless, can these barriers continue to impede the migration of leachate over a long period? A full-scale experiment would be prohibitively costly and time consuming. The only feasible recourse therefore is to construct a model, which reasonably portray the behaviour of the full-scale system and simulate the relevant physical parameters and describes the overall significant characteristics of the transport phenomena. This research investigates the long-term performance of compacted tropical laterite soil liners at various gradations against leachate migration in sanitary landfills using numerical modeling. Series of laboratory experimentation were carried out using three different laterite soil gradations (30%, 40% and 50% with respect to fines content) compacted at optimum moisture content using British Standard light energy. Leachate was poured on the compacted soil in an acrylic column and its migration was monitored using Digital Image Technique (DIT). Subsequently, PetraSim computer software a graphical interface used to solve problems related to contaminant transport was applied to predict the velocity of leachate migration. The predicted velocity values for 30%, 40% and 50% fines are 4.5 x 10−7 m/s, 7 x 10−9 m/s, and 8 x 10−10 m/s, respectively. This shows that the laterite soil with 50% fines content is more compatible with the leachate and can be used as soil liner. The outcome of this research would enable designers to use non-destructive method to monitor and predict leachate migration in compacted soil liners to simulate leachate migration in waste containment applications.
Performance evaluation of some selected infiltration models at Bayero University farm, Kano-Nigeria
Authors: Ibrahim A , Lary S K , Zakari M D , Nasidi N M , Yahya M N 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Soil’s infiltration characteristics remain important variables of consideration in irrigation systems designs as well as in soil and water management. This work was conducted to evaluate the performances of three different infiltration models (Kostiakov, Horton and Philip) in order to select a suitable model for use in determination of infiltration characteristics of soils neighbouring Bayero University, Kano-Nigeria. Experiments were conducted in three different locations within the study area and the performance of each model was analysed and compared against a direct measurement using double ring infiltrometer. The results showed no significant difference (Least significant difference = 0.29 @ 0.05 level of significance) between the direct measurement on field and the result obtained using Kostiakov and Horton’s model having mean infiltration rate of 1.05 and 1.04cm per minutes respectively, while the Philip’s model showed a significant difference in means (1.76cm/min) indicating higher sensitivity of its measurement. There was no significance difference (p=0.19 @ 0.05 level of significance) on replicating the experiment for the 3 different locations. Thus, the Kostiakov’s and Horton’s models were recommended for the infiltration characteristics measurement in Kano and elsewhere with similar environmental conditions.
Support design for the diversion tunnel of Diamer Basha Dam, Pakistan, considering the recent developments in empirical systems
Authors: Rehman H , Naji A M , Ali W , Kim J , Abdullah R A , Yoo H K 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The use of rock mass rating (RMR) and tunneling quality index (Q) systems in drill and blast tunneling for support design is necessary in the current practice worldwide as these systems are developed empirically for this particular purpose. However, due to the modifications of individual system, no comparison has been made between their suggested support in tunnel design. Empirical rock mass classification systems are continuously updated to reach a reliable support system for construction of tunnels in rocks. This paper presents the utilization of updated versions of RMR and Q system in empirical support design of a diversion tunnel located at Diamer Basha dam site, Pakistan. The rock mass along the alignment of tunnel is divided into different geological units based on rock mass quality, assessed from borehole data. From comparison of recommended support system by RMR and Q system, it is concluded that the RMR system recommend heavy support as compared to Q system. A linear correlation is also obtained between RMR and Q system for the same rock mass which shows a comparatively better correlation coefficient.
The effect of scanline direction and extent of rock exposure on assessment of geometrical properties of discontinuities in rock mass
Authors: Ali W , Abdullah R A , Rehman H , Junaid M 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
In this study, the borehole coring method and discontinuity scanline survey method are used to characterize the rock mass for the engineering design of underground structures at a dam site. Scanline survey is conducted on rock exposures in an exploratory adit. Cores from a borehole drilled near to the exploratory adit are also examined. The purpose of this study is to highlight the merits and demerits and the capacity of each method to characterize the geometrical properties of discontinuities. It is observed in the study area that the discontinuity scanline survey being conducted on large exposures, provides good results in estimating the orientation, trace length, roughness and interconnectivity of discontinuities. However, the direction of scanline introduces bias in results, because discontinuities parallel to the scanline line are not considered. The borehole method provided a good reflection of the bed rock; however, it presents a very rough estimate of geometrical properties of discontinuities. Moreover, estimation of areal extent of discontinuity plane is not covered by both the methods. However, engineering judgement by experienced engineering geologists can help in taking an informed guess.
Investigation on rheology and physical properties of asphalt binder blended with waste cooking oil
Authors: Bilema M A , Aman M Y , Hassan N A , Abdullah N F A 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The service life of the concrete pavement is more than 20 years. While the service life of asphalt pavement is about ten years. The service life cannot be achieved due to pavement damage and increase the cost of road maintenance. The waste cooking oil gives a solution to soften the asphalt binder. The idea of using WCO is the possibility of transferring the aged asphalt binder condition from stiff to soft and reuse it for a new construction road. In this study, the bitumen grade 60/70 blended with 0, 2, 4, 6% of waste cooking oil by the weight of the bitumen. In this study, the bitumen prepared with various waste cooking oil percentage evaluated in terms of their properties such as the Softening point, Penetration, penetration index, penetration-viscosity number, Viscosity, and Dynamic Shear Rheometer. The test result indicates that the penetration values increased with rising the content of the waste cooking oil and the softening point result decreased related to the quantity of the waste cooking oil. The viscosity of the binder reduced when increased the content of WCO. The strength of the binder (G*) will decrease, and the elasticity of the binder (&) will grow when increased the content of the oil. The rutting parameter decreased with increased WCO. From this finding, it concluded that the waste cooking oil has a potential impact on soft the asphalt binder and can be used to produce a soft asphalt binder. Moreover, the 60/70 grade asphalt binder can be 80/100 after adding 2% of waste cooking oil.