bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The stone and bone artifacts from Asx̂aana-x̂ Cave, Islands of the Four Mountains, Alaska
Authors: Johnson Lucille Lewis 
Published: June 2018

AbstractAsx̂aana-x̂ Cave in the Islands of the Four Mountains, Alaska, was excavated in 1990. The cave contained the remains of Unangan mummies and their grave goods including textile, wood, bone and stone artifacts. These mummies were buried between AD 1250 and AD 1780-1790. The mummies were distributed in three distinct areas in the front, middle and back of the large cave. The textile and wooden artifacts and their distribution have been described in earlier publications. The stone artifacts include end blades, adzes, ulus and hammerstones plus an oil lamp and a small figurine; among the bone artifacts are whale bone planks and scapulae, rods and shafts, harpoon heads and labrets. These artifacts are typical of artifacts in the Aleutian Islands, while their distribution continues to strengthen the idea of a disjunct distribution of artifacts in the cave, which I interpret as being due to different social groups using the three areas of the cave for their burials.
Patterns of beverage consumption and risk of CHD among Mexican adults
Authors: Rivera-Paredez Berenice , Muñoz-Aguirre Paloma , Torres-Ibarra Leticia , Ramírez Paula , Hernández-López Rubí , Barrios Elizabeth , León-Maldonado Leith , Denova-Gutiérrez Edgar , Flores Mario , Salazar-Martínez Eduardo , Salmerón Jorge 
Published: June 2018

AbstractCHD is becoming an increasing priority worldwide, as it is one of the main causes of death in low- and middle-income countries lately. This study aims to evaluate the association between beverage consumption patterns and the risk of CHD among Mexican adult population. We performed a cross-sectional analysis using data from 6640 adults participating in the Health Workers’ Cohort Study. Factor analysis was performed to identify beverage patterns using sex-specific Framingham prediction algorithms to estimate CHD risk. The prevalence of moderate to high CHD risk was 17·8 %. We identified four major beverage consumption patterns, which were categorised as alcohol, coffee/tea, soft drinks and low-fat milk. We observed a lower risk of CHD (OR=0·61; 95 % CI 0·46, 0·80; and OR=0·58; 95 % CI 0·43, 0·79, respectively) among participants in the upper quintile of alcohol or low-fat milk consumption compared with those in the bottom quintile. In contrast, a higher consumption of soft drinks was positively associated with CHD risk (OR=1·64; 95 % CI 1·21, 2·20) when compared with other extreme quintiles. Finally, coffee/tea consumption was not significantly associated with CHD risk. Our findings suggest that a beverage pattern characterised by a higher intake of sugar-sweetened beverages may be associated with an increased risk of CHD among the Mexican adult population, whereas patterns of moderate alcohol intake and low-fat milk may be associated with a reduced risk.
“It's your family that kills you”: Responsibility, Evidence, and Misfortune in the Making of Ndyuka History
Authors: Strange Stuart Earle 
Published: June 2018

AbstractQuestions of responsibility are central to the politics and metaphysics of history. This paper examines the creation of different histories from alternative formulations of personal and collective responsibility among urban Ndyuka Maroons in present-day Suriname. Tracing conflicting attempts to assign accountability for a senior man's sickness, I argue that a distinctly Ndyuka conception of history emerges from the dialectical relation between the material qualities of misfortunes and the practices Ndyuka use to affix responsibility. Ndyuka efforts to assuage history as embodied by ghosts and other spirits that seek revenge on corporate kin groups simultaneously use the symptoms of misfortune to make history and attempt to contain or deny the transmissibility of collective responsibility to future generations. Understanding this process demonstrates how distinct perceptions of historicity emerge from different conceptions of responsibility, and the extent to which intergenerational sociality is defined by conflicted attempts to redefine historical accountability as much as to acknowledge it.
Prevalence of human papillomavirus types in North and Central regions of Mexico
Authors: Luna-Aguirre C. M. , Reyes-Cortés L. M. , Torres-Grimaldo A. A. , Karr-de-León S. F. , Cerda-Flores R. M. , Melo-Nava B. , Aizpuru-Akel V. E. , Barrera-Saldaña H. A. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractHuman papillomavirus (HPV) is a DNA virus linked to mucosal and cutaneous carcinogenesis. More than 200 different HPV types exist. We carried out a transversal study to investigate the prevalence of HPV types in two regions of Mexico. A total of 724 genital and non-genital samples from women (F) and men (M) were studied; 241 (33%) from North-Eastern (NE) and 483 (66%) from South-Central (SC) Mexico. The overall prevalence was 87%. In genital lesions from females, the NE group showed a prevalence of HPV types 16 (37%), 6 (13%), 59 (6%), 11, 18 and 66 (5.4% each); and the SC group showed types 6 (17%), 16 (15%), 11 (14.5%), 18 (12%) and 53 (6%). In the genital lesions from males, NE group showed types 16 (38%), 6 (21%), 11 (13%) and 59 plus 31 (7.5%) and the SC group showed types 6 (25%), 11 (22%), 18 (17%) and 16 (11.5%). When the two regions were compared, a higher prevalence of low-risk HPV 6 and 11 was found in the SC region and of high-risk HPV 59, 31 and 66 (the latter can also be present in benign lesions) in the NE region. Our findings complement efforts to understand HPV demographics as a prerequisite to guide and assess the impact of preventive interventions.
“Impossible” patients in oncology: Two unusual cases
Authors: Reich Michel , Tessier Williams , Lemaire Justine , Penel Nicolas 
Published: June 2018

AbstractObjectiveCancer patients can present with impossible behavior, which can jeopardize their treatment and challenge healthcare professionals’ teamwork.MethodReport of two unusual psychiatric cases, including Munchausen and Peter Pan syndromes, which occurred in a comprehensive cancer center.ResultGuidelines in medical and surgical wards are suggested to address such situations regarding oncologic compliance.Significance of resultsMultidisciplinary collaboration between medical and surgical teams and the psycho-oncologic department is highly recommended.
Megalothorax laevis (Neelipleona, Neelidae): Account of a neglected springtail widely distributed in the intertropical zone
Authors: Schneider C. , Zon S. D. , D'Haese C. A. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe springtailMegalothorax laevisDenis, 1948 is redescribed from a broad sampling in the intertropical zone: Vietnam (including type locality), Ivory Coast, Gabon, Réunion island and French Guiana. Pseudopore-like elements are for the first time reported on the trunk and legs ofMegalothoraxspecies. New molecular data forM. laevis(16S rDNA, 28S rDNA d1 and d2 and COI Barcode) are provided. The phylogenetic position of the species within theMegalothoraxgenus is analysed.Megalothorax laevisbelongs to theincertusgroup but shares similitudes with theminimusgroup acquired through evolutionary convergences (such as smooth lamellae of the mucro). Those similitudes might have created confusion betweenM. minimusandM. laevis. WhileM. minimusused to be regarded cosmopolitan,M. laevishas been overlooked since its original discovery. However, the present sampling led us to believe thatM. laevisreplaceM. minimusas the commonest edaphicMegalothoraxspecies in the intertropical zone. A key to theMegalothoraxspecies with smooth mucro lamellae is provided.
Thriving or Dividing? The Women's Movement and the Independence Referenda in Scotland and Catalonia
Authors: Alonso Alba 
Published: June 2018

AbstractTerritorial debates have recently shaken the political systems in Scotland and Catalonia, leading to referenda on independence. This article engages with questions concerning whether this extraordinary process has affected the women's movement and why. Specifically, feminist scholars have often expressed concern regarding how strong territorial identities and nationalist projects might prove detrimental to the movement's unity and success. Here, I look for indications of engagement and revival within the frames of the Scottish and Catalan referendum campaigns. A comparative approach revealed the mobilizing potential of these contexts when certain conditions were present. While the women's movement in Scotland has thrived in the last couple of years, territorial debates in Catalonia have not provided fertile ground for feminist campaigning and have shown divisive potential. The specific dynamics of the women's movement in each setting and the presence of political and discursive opportunity structures account for the different outcomes.
Does government expenditure reduce inequalities in infant mortality rates in low- and middle-income countries?: A time-series, ecological analysis of 48 countries from 1993 to 2013
Authors: Baker Peter , Hone Thomas , Reeves Aaron , Avendano Mauricio , Millett Christopher 
Published: June 2018

AbstractInequalities in infant mortality rates (IMRs) are rising in some low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) and decreasing in others, but the explanation for these divergent trends is unclear. We investigate whether government expenditures and redistribution are associated with reductions in inequalities in IMRs. We estimated country-level fixed-effects panel regressions for 48 LMICs (142 country observations). Slope and Relative Indices of Inequality in IMRs (SII and RII) were calculated from Demographic and Health Surveys between 1993 and 2013. RII and SII were regressed on government expenditure (total, health and non-health) and redistribution, controlling for gross domestic product (GDP), private health expenditures, a democracy indicator, country fixed effects and time. Mean SII and RII was 39.12 and 0.69, respectively. In multivariate models, a 1 percentage point increase in total government expenditure (% of GDP) was associated with a decrease in SII of −2.468 [95% confidence intervals (CIs): −4.190, −0.746] and RII of −0.026 (95% CIs: −0.048, −0.004). Lower inequalities were associated with higher non-health government expenditure, but not higher government health expenditure. Associations with inequalities were non-significant for GDP, government redistribution, and private health expenditure. Understanding how non-health government expenditure reduces inequalities in IMR, and why health expenditures may not, will accelerate progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals.
Characterization of Xenotime From Datas (Brazil) as a Potential Reference Material for In Situ U‐Pb Geochronology
Authors: Vasconcelos A. D. , Gonçalves G. O. , Lana C. , Buick I. S. , Kamo S. L. , Corfu F. , Scholz R. , Alkmim A. , Queiroga G. , Nalini H. A. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThis study investigates five megacrysts of xenotime (XN01, XN02, XN03, XN04, and XN05) as potential reference materials (RMs) for U‐Pb geochronology. These crystals belong to a 300 g xenotime assortment, collected from alluvial deposits in SE Brazil. Electron microprobe and Laser Ablation‐Inductively Coupled Plasma‐Mass Spectrometry (LA‐ICP‐MS) analyses show that the selected crystals are internally homogeneous for most rare earth element, (REE, except some light REE) but are relatively heterogeneous for U and Th. The xenotime REE patterns are consistent with an origin from hydrothermal quartz veins in the Datas area that cut greenschist‐facies metasediments and that locally contain other accessory phases such as rutile and monazite. High‐precision U‐Pb Isotope Dilution‐Thermal Ionization Mass Spectrometry (ID‐TIMS) analyses showed slight age heterogeneity for the XN01 crystal not observed in the XN02 sample. The two crystals have slightly different average 206Pb/238U ages of 513.4 ± 0.5 Ma (2 s) and 515.4 ± 0.2 Ma (2 s), respectively. In situ U‐Pb isotope data acquired via LA‐(Q,SF,MC)‐ICP‐MS are within the uncertainty of the ID‐TIMS data, showing homogeneity at the 1% precision of the laser ablation (and probably ion microprobe) technique. U‐Pb LA‐(MC, SF)‐ICP‐MS analyses, using XN01 as a primary RM, reproduced the ages of other established RMs within less than 1% deviation. Other Datas crystals (XN03‐05) also display a reproducibility in Pb/U dates better than 1% on LA‐ICP‐MS, making them good candidates for further testing by ID‐TIMS.
Roughness Characteristics of Oceanic Seafloor Prior to Subduction in Relation to the Seismogenic Potential of Subduction Zones
Authors: Lallemand Serge , Peyret Michel , van Rijsingen Elenora , Arcay Diane , Heuret Arnauld 
Published: June 2018

AbstractWe have developed a new approach to characterize the seafloor roughness seaward of the trenches, as a proxy for estimating the roughness of the subduction interface. We consider that abrupt elevation changes over given wavelengths play a larger role in the seismogenic behavior of the subduction interface than the amplitude of bathymetric variations alone. The new database, SubRough, provides roughness parameters at selected spatial wavelengths. Here we mainly discuss the spatial distribution of short‐ (12–20 km) and long‐wavelength (80–100 km) roughness, RSW and RLW, respectively, along 250‐km‐wide strips of seafloor seaward of the trenches. Compared with global trend, seamounts show distinct roughness signature of much larger amplitudes at both wavelengths, whereas aseismic ridges only differ from the global trend at long wavelengths. Fracture zones cannot be distinguished from the global trend, which suggests that their potential effect on rupture dynamics is not the consequence of their roughness, at least not at these wavelengths. Based on RLW amplitude, segments along subduction zones can be defined from rough to smooth. Subduction zones like the Solomons or the Ryukyus appear dominantly rough, whereas others like the Andes or Cascadia are dominantly smooth. The relative contribution of smooth versus rough areas in terms of respective lateral extents probably plays a role in multipatch rupture and thus in the final earthquake magnitude. We observe a clear correlation between high seismic coupling and relatively low roughness and conversely between low seismic coupling and relatively high seafloor roughness.
Photo-tautomerization of acetaldehyde as a photochemical source of formic acid in the troposphere
Authors: Shaw Miranda F. , Sztáray Bálint , Whalley Lisa K. , Heard Dwayne E. , Millet Dylan B. , Jordan Meredith J. T. , Osborn David L. , Kable Scott H. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractOrganic acids play a key role in the troposphere, contributing to atmospheric aqueous-phase chemistry, aerosol formation, and precipitation acidity. Atmospheric models currently account for less than half the observed, globally averaged formic acid loading. Here we report that acetaldehyde photo-tautomerizes to vinyl alcohol under atmospherically relevant pressures of nitrogen, in the actinic wavelength range, λ = 300–330 nm, with measured quantum yields of 2–25%. Recent theoretical kinetics studies show hydroxyl-initiated oxidation of vinyl alcohol produces formic acid. Adding these pathways to an atmospheric chemistry box model (Master Chemical Mechanism) demonstrates increased formic acid concentrations by a factor of ~1.7 in the polluted troposphere and a factor of ~3 under pristine conditions. Incorporating this mechanism into the GEOS-Chem 3D global chemical transport model reveals an estimated 7% contribution to worldwide formic acid production, with up to 60% of the total modeled formic acid production over oceans arising from photo-tautomerization.
Nanoscale imaging of charge carrier transport in water splitting photoanodes
Authors: Eichhorn Johanna , Kastl Christoph , Cooper Jason K. , Ziegler Dominik , Schwartzberg Adam M. , Sharp Ian D. , Toma Francesca M. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe performance of energy materials hinges on the presence of structural defects and heterogeneity over different length scales. Here we map the correlation between morphological and functional heterogeneity in bismuth vanadate, a promising metal oxide photoanode for photoelectrochemical water splitting, by photoconductive atomic force microscopy. We demonstrate that contrast in mapping electrical conductance depends on charge transport limitations, and on the contact at the sample/probe interface. Using temperature and illumination intensity-dependent current–voltage spectroscopy, we find that the transport mechanism in bismuth vanadate can be attributed to space charge-limited current in the presence of trap states. We observe no additional recombination sites at grain boundaries, which indicates high defect tolerance in bismuth vanadate. These findings support the fabrication of highly efficient bismuth vanadate nanostructures and provide insights into how local functionality affects the macroscopic performance.
Coherent modulation of the sea-level annual cycle in the United States by Atlantic Rossby waves
Authors: Calafat Francisco M. , Wahl Thomas , Lindsten Fredrik , Williams Joanne , Frajka-Williams Eleanor 
Published: June 2018

AbstractChanges in the sea-level annual cycle (SLAC) can have profound impacts on coastal areas, including increased flooding risk and ecosystem alteration, yet little is known about the magnitude and drivers of such changes. Here we show, using novel Bayesian methods, that there are significant decadal fluctuations in the amplitude of the SLAC along the United States Gulf and Southeast coasts, including an extreme event in 2008–2009 that is likely (probability ≥68%) unprecedented in the tide-gauge record. Such fluctuations are coherent along the coast but decoupled from deep-ocean changes. Through the use of numerical and analytical ocean models, we show that the primary driver of these fluctuations involves incident Rossby waves that generate fast western-boundary waves. These Rossby waves project onto the basin-wide upper mid-ocean transport (top 1000 m) leading to a link with the SLAC, wherein larger SLAC amplitudes coincide with enhanced transport variability.
Fractal modes and multi-beam generation from hybrid microlaser resonators
Authors: Rivera José A. , Galvin Thomas C. , Steinforth Austin W. , Eden J. Gary 
Published: June 2018

AbstractFractals are ubiquitous in nature, and prominent examples include snowflakes and neurons. Although it has long been known that intricate optical fractal patterns can be realized with components such as gratings and reflecting spheres, generating fractal transverse modes from a laser has proven to be elusive. By introducing a 2D network of microspheres into a Fabry-Pérot cavity bounding a gain medium, we demonstrate a hybrid optical resonator in which the spheres enable the simultaneous generation of arrays of conventional (Gaussian) and fractal laser modes. Within the interstices of the microsphere crystal, several distinct fractal modes are observed, two of which resemble the Sierpinski Triangle. Coupling between adjacent fractal modes is evident, and fractal modes may be synthesized through design of the microsphere network. Owing to a unique synergy between the gain medium and the resonator, this optical platform is able to emit hundreds of microlaser beams and probe live motile cells.
Synthesis of polymers with on-demand sequence structures via dually switchable and interconvertible polymerizations
Authors: Zhang Ze , Zeng Tian-You , Xia Lei , Hong Chun-Yan , Wu De-Cheng , You Ye-Zi 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe synthesis of polymers with on-demand sequence structures is very important not only for academic researchers but also for industry. However, despite the existing polymerization techniques, it is still difficult to achieve copolymer chains with on-demand sequence structures. Here we report a dually switchable and controlled interconvertible polymerization system; in this system, two distinct orthogonal polymerizations can be selectively switched ON/OFF independent of each other and they can be interconverted promptly and quantitatively according to external stimuli. Thus, the external stimuli can manipulate the insertion of distinct monomers into the resulting copolymer chains temporally, spatially, and orthogonally, allowing the on-demand precise arrangement of sequence structures in the resulting polymers. This dually switchable and interconvertible polymerization system provides a powerful tool for synthesizing materials that are not accessible by other polymerization methods.
Trapping of the transport-segment DNA by the ATPase domains of a type II topoisomerase
Authors: Laponogov Ivan , Pan Xiao-Su , Veselkov Dennis A. , Skamrova Galyna B. , Umrekar Trishant R. , Fisher L. Mark , Sanderson Mark R. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractType II topoisomerases alter DNA topology to control DNA supercoiling and chromosome segregation and are targets of clinically important anti-infective and anticancer therapeutics. They act as ATP-operated clamps to trap a DNA helix and transport it through a transient break in a second DNA. Here, we present the first X-ray crystal structure solved at 2.83 Å of a closed clamp complete with trapped T-segment DNA obtained by co-crystallizing the ATPase domain of S. pneumoniae topoisomerase IV with a nonhydrolyzable ATP analogue and 14-mer duplex DNA. The ATPase dimer forms a 22 Å protein hole occupied by the kinked DNA bound asymmetrically through positively charged residues lining the hole, and whose mutagenesis impacts the DNA decatenation, DNA relaxation and DNA-dependent ATPase activities of topo IV. These results and a side-bound DNA-ParE structure help explain how the T-segment DNA is captured and transported by a type II topoisomerase, and reveal a new enzyme–DNA interface for drug discovery.
Identification of novel ΔNp63α-regulated miRNAs using an optimized small RNA-Seq analysis pipeline
Authors: Sakaram Suraj , Craig Michael P. , Hill Natasha T. , Aljagthmi Amjad , Garrido Christian , Paliy Oleg , Bottomley Michael , Raymer Michael , Kadakia Madhavi P. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractAdvances in high-throughput sequencing have enabled profiling of microRNAs (miRNAs), however, a consensus pipeline for sequencing of small RNAs has not been established. We built and optimized an analysis pipeline using Partek Flow, circumventing the need for analyzing data via scripting languages. Our analysis assessed the effect of alignment reference, normalization method, and statistical model choice on biological data. The pipeline was evaluated using sequencing data from HaCaT cells transfected with either a non-silencing control or siRNA against ΔNp63α, a p53 family member protein which is highly expressed in non-melanoma skin cancer and shown to regulate a number of miRNAs. We posit that 1) alignment and quantification to the miRBase reference provides the most robust quantitation of miRNAs, 2) normalizing sample reads via Trimmed Mean of M-values is the most robust method for accurate downstream analyses, and 3) use of the lognormal with shrinkage statistical model effectively identifies differentially expressed miRNAs. Using our pipeline, we identified previously unrecognized regulation of miRs-149-5p, 18a-5p, 19b-1-5p, 20a-5p, 590-5p, 744-5p and 93-5p by ΔNp63α. Regulation of these miRNAs was validated by RT-qPCR, substantiating our small RNA-Seq pipeline. Further analysis of these miRNAs may provide insight into ΔNp63α’s role in cancer progression. By defining the optimal alignment reference, normalization method, and statistical model for analysis of miRNA sequencing data, we have established an analysis pipeline that may be carried out in Partek Flow or at the command line. In this manner, our pipeline circumvents some of the major hurdles encountered during small RNA-Seq analysis.