bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Zugang zu 1‐Phospha‐2‐azanorbornenen durch Phospha‐Aza‐Diels‐Alder‐Reaktionen
Authors: Wonneberger Peter , König Nils , Kraft Fabian B. , Sárosi Menyhárt B. , Hey‐Hawkins Evamarie 
Published: October 2018

AbstractDas erste Beispiel für eine Phospha‐Aza‐Diels‐Alder‐Reaktion zwischen einem elektronenarmen Imin und 2H‐Phospholen liefert 1‐Phospha‐2‐azanorbornene in einer hoch chemoselektiven und mäßig diastereoselektiven Reaktion. Die als Diene fungierenden intermediären 2H‐Phosphole entstehen in situ aus den entsprechenden 1H‐Phospholen. Theoretische Berechnungen bestätigen, dass die Phospha‐Aza‐Diels‐Alder‐Reaktion einen normalen Elektronenbedarf aufweist. Die reaktive P‐N‐Bindung in 1‐Phospha‐2‐azanorbornenen kann durch Nucleophile unter Bildung von 2,3‐Dihydrophospholen gespalten werden.
Mechanistic Studies of Plasmon Chemistry on Metal Catalysts
Authors: Kazuma Emiko , Kim Yousoo 
Published: October 2018

AbstractChemical reactions induced by the localized surface plasmon (LSP) of metal nanostructures could be important for a sustainable society to achieve highly efficient conversion from solar energy to chemical energy. However, the reaction mechanism of plasmon chemistry in metal catalysis is still controversial. Mechanistic studies of plasmon chemistry involving direct interactions between the LSP and molecules are reviewed and discussed in terms of the excitation mechanisms of the molecules. We focus on the studies performed using plasmonic metal nanoparticles and highlight the recent progress in plasmon chemistry investigated using scanning probe microscopy with high spatial resolution to obtain mechanistic insights that cannot be obtained by macroscopic analytical methods. This Minireview delivers an overview of the mechanistic understanding of plasmon chemistry in metal catalysis at the current stage, and provides guidance for future studies with respect to clarifying reaction mechanisms.
Access to 1‐Phospha‐2‐azanorbornenes by Phospha‐aza‐Diels–Alder Reactions
Authors: Wonneberger Peter , König Nils , Kraft Fabian B. , Sárosi Menyhárt B. , Hey‐Hawkins Evamarie 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe unprecedented phospha‐aza‐Diels–Alder reaction between an activated electron‐poor imine and 2H‐phospholes yields 1‐phospha‐2‐azanorbornenes in a highly chemoselective and moderately diastereoselective reaction. The intermediate 2H‐phospholes, which act as dienes, are formed in situ from the corresponding 1H‐phospholes. Theoretical calculations confirm that the phospha‐aza‐Diels–Alder reaction is of normal electron demand. The reactive P−N bond in 1‐phospha‐2‐azanorbornenes can be cleaved by nucleophiles leading to the formation of 2,3‐dihydrophospholes.
Robotic Emergencies: Are You Prepared for a Disaster?
Authors: Carlos Grace , Saulan May 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe surgical robot is a complex tool that surgeons use to perform a variety of minimally invasive procedures. Perioperative nurses play a vital role in patient care when the surgical robot is in use; a key goal is to ensure optimal patient safety while using this complex, innovative technology. Robotics proficiency requires extensive and continuous education for all members of the perioperative team. Successful robotics programs should employ focused initiatives and a multidisciplinary approach for the prevention and management of robotic emergencies. To facilitate the appropriate response and minimize patient harm, members of the surgical team should be aware of their expected roles and responsibilities. The robotics program should have specific procedures and protocols, such as a critical event checklist and an emergent conversion‐to‐open procedure checklist that define each surgical team member's task during an emergency, and robust ongoing education, skills review, and competency validation for robotics team members.
Single‐Event Multilevel Surgery to Correct Movement Disorders in Children with Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Wick Jane M. , Feng Jing , Raney Ellen , Aiona Michael 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTCerebral palsy (CP) is a common motor disability that may be congenital or acquired. Children with CP often have gait, balance, and posture abnormalities, some of which may be severe enough to interfere with safe ambulation or other activities of daily living. Nonsurgical and surgical interventions are part of the management plan for children with CP. Historically, surgeons addressed gait deviations individually and sequentially with single‐level surgeries. However, computerized motion analysis and advances in orthopedic internal fixation devices have improved the outcomes for patients undergoing single‐event multilevel surgery. This article provides perioperative RNs with a basic understanding of movement disorders that can be corrected with single‐event multilevel surgery, the role of computerized motion analysis in making treatment decisions for ambulatory pediatric orthopedic patients with CP, and various treatment options for the movement disorders of children with CP.
Influence of water addition on the modification of polyethylene surface by nitrogen atmospheric pressure plasma jet
Authors: Liu X. , Wang G. , Liu J. , Zhang J. , Liu S. , Wang C. , Yang Z. , Sun J. , Song J. 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTPolyethylene (PE) has many excellent material properties (low density, high flexibility, good chemical resistance, etc.), and is widely used in industrial and medical fields. However, the practical applications of PE are sometimes limited due to its poor wettability. In this article, we employ pure nitrogen atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) and N2‐H2O APPJ to hydrophilize PE surfaces. Wettability, time stability, chemical composition, micromorphology, and mechanical properties of the treated surfaces are investigated by contact angle measurement, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and electric digital display push–pull machine. The pure nitrogen APPJ can hydrophilize PE surfaces without inducing obvious microstructure changes, and relatively better wettability (water contact angle = 13°) could thereby be achieved. On the other hand, the N2‐H2O APPJ creates micro/nanoscale pores on the treated hydrophilic surfaces, contributing to the better time stability and lower tensile strength. The results reported here clearly demonstrate the great potential of nitrogen APPJs with different water mixing ratios in controlling surface wettability and microstructures of polymer surfaces. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47136.
Preparation and characterization of a unique low‐cost microfiltration membrane from a technologically compatible poly(ethylene‐co‐methyl acrylate)/poly(vinylidene fluoride) blend for water filtration application
Authors: Remanan S. , Bose M. , Das A. K. , Das N. C. 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTA membrane material is developed from the poly(ethylene‐co‐methyl acrylate)/poly(vinylidene fluoride) (EMA/PVDF) blend by partial chemical etching/swelling of the EMA copolymer. EMA/PVDF blends were prepared at various concentrations from 90/10 to 60/40 ratio, and the developed membrane was microporous nature. Prepared membranes were taken for water permeability measurement, and 80/20 blend membrane was selected for further filtration studies by considering the blend composition and optimum properties. Separation of various pollutants such as BSA proteins, oil–water emulsion, and E. coli bacteria have been studied in a cross‐flow filtration setup using 80/20 membrane. The prepared membrane was also taken for the industrial effluent separation, shows improved water parameters at the permeate side. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47218.
Controlled release of poly(vinyl sulfonate) scale inhibitor to extend reservoir treatment lifetime
Authors: Veisi Masoumeh , Johnson Stephen , Shafer‐Peltier Karen , Liang Jenn‐Tai , Berkland Cory , Chen Ming , Barati Reza 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTPrecipitate scale formation is a major issue for the oil industry, plugging equipment, and reservoirs and resulting in increased operational costs. Poly(vinyl sulfonate) (PVS) is often used as a scale inhibitor to prevent the formation of barium sulfate scale. However, PVS effectiveness is limited by its short lifetime in reservoir. In this article, PVS has been entrapped in polyelectrolyte complex nanoparticles (PECNPs), altering its charge and thus enabling improved adsorption on the rock surface. As the ionic strength of the surrounding brine increases, the PVS is then released from the PECNPs, making it available to inhibit scale formation gradually. Positively charged PECNPs were made using a combination of poly(ethyleneimine) (PEI) and PVS. After NPs optimization, static adsorption tests were performed, which confirm the nanoparticles' rapid and strong adsorption. An increase in the ionic strength of the displacing fluid was used to decompose the PECNPs structure and release the PVS into solution. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47225.
Psychosis in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Results From an International Inception Cohort Study
Authors: Hanly John G. , Li Qiuju , Su Li , Urowitz Murray B. , Gordon Caroline , Bae Sang‐Cheol , Romero‐Diaz Juanita , Sanchez‐Guerrero Jorge , Bernatsky Sasha , Clarke Ann E. , Wallace Daniel J. , Isenberg David A. , Rahman Anisur , Merrill Joan T. , Fortin Paul R. , Gladman Dafna D. , Bruce Ian N. , Petri Michelle , Ginzler Ellen M. , Dooley M. A. , Steinsson Kristjan , Ramsey‐Goldman Rosalind , Zoma Asad A. , Manzi Susan , Nived Ola , Jonsen Andreas , Khamashta Munther A. , Alarcón Graciela S. , van Vollenhoven Ronald F. , Aranow Cynthia , Mackay Meggan , Ruiz‐Irastorza Guillermo , Ramos‐Casals Manuel , Lim S. Sam , Inanc Murat , Kalunian Kenneth C. , Jacobsen Soren , Peschken Christine A. , Kamen Diane L. , Askanase Anca , Theriault Chris , Farewell Vernon 
Published: October 2018

ObjectiveTo determine, in a large, multiethnic/multiracial, prospective inception cohort of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), the frequency, attribution, clinical, and autoantibody associations with lupus psychosis and the short‐ and long‐term outcomes as assessed by physicians and patients.MethodsPatients were evaluated annually for 19 neuropsychiatric (NP) events including psychosis. Scores on the Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index 2000, the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College of Rheumatology Damage Index, and the Short Form 36 (SF‐36) were recorded. Time to event and linear regressions were used as appropriate.ResultsOf 1,826 SLE patients, 88.8% were female and 48.8% were Caucasian. The mean ± SD age was 35.1 ± 13.3 years, the mean ± SD disease duration was 5.6 ± 4.2 months, and the mean ± SD follow‐up period was 7.4 ± 4.5 years. There were 31 psychotic events in 28 of 1,826 patients (1.53%), and most patients had a single event (26 of 28 [93%]). In the majority of patients (20 of 25 [80%]) and events (28 of 31 [90%]), psychosis was attributed to SLE, usually either in the year prior to or within 3 years of SLE diagnosis. Positive associations (hazard ratios [HRs] and 95% confidence intervals [95% CIs]) with lupus psychosis were previous SLE NP events (HR 3.59 [95% CI 1.16–11.14]), male sex (HR 3.0 [95% CI 1.20–7.50]), younger age at SLE diagnosis (per 10 years) (HR 1.45 [95% CI 1.01–2.07]), and African ancestry (HR 4.59 [95% CI 1.79–11.76]). By physician assessment, most psychotic events resolved by the second annual visit following onset, in parallel with an improvement in patient‐reported SF‐36 summary and subscale scores.ConclusionPsychosis is an infrequent manifestation of NPSLE. Generally, it occurs early after SLE onset and has a significant negative impact on health status. As determined by patient and physician report, the short‐ and long‐term outlooks are good for most patients, although careful follow‐up is required.
Decoupling Controller with Disturbance Observer for LTI MIMO Systems
Authors: Yin Hao , Lin Shuyi , Ye Fei , Zhang Weidong 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIn this paper, a decoupling multivariable control strategy for linear time‐invariant (LTI) multi‐input/multi‐output (MIMO) systems is proposed. The strategy includes a multivariable disturbance observer (MDOB) and a decoupling controller. This MDOB is introduced to improve the system performances when the system encounters severe external disturbances.H2optimal scheme is utilized to design the MDOB filter. The controller is developed based on an inverse control method, through which the design process can be simplified. Simulation results certify the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.
Vertical vibration control of an in‐wheel motor‐driven electric vehicle using an in‐wheel active vibration system
Authors: He Ren , Wang Jun‐Cheng 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe objective of this study is to present a novel in‐wheel (IW) active vibration system for an IW motor (IWM)‐driven electric vehicle to overcome the negative effects of vertical vibration due to road roughness and the impact of rotary inertial forces from the IWM. First, the reason for the poor ride comfort of the general electric wheel structure is examined by theoretical derivation. Second, a 6 degree‐of‐freedom (DOF) vehicle model is established and the corresponding cost function based on 10 ride comfort indexes is proposed. Third, a fuzzy optimal sliding mode (FOSM) control method is presented and the IW active vibration system is designed by applying this proposed control theory. Then, normalization and analytic hierarchy process (AHP) methodologies are adopted to select reasonable weighted coefficients of performance indexes. Finally, the advantages of the electric vehicle with the IW active vibration system are illustrated by MATLAB/Simulink. Analysis results demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.
Self‐healing encapsulation and controlled release of vaccine antigens from PLGA microparticles delivered by microneedle patches
Authors: Mazzara J. Maxwell , Ochyl Lukasz J. , Hong Justin K. Y. , Moon James J. , Prausnitz Mark R. , Schwendeman Steven P. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThere is an urgent need to reduce reliance on hypodermic injections for many vaccines to increase vaccination safety and coverage. Alternative approaches include controlled release formulations, which reduce dosing frequencies, and utilizing alternative delivery devices such as microneedle patches (MNPs). This work explores development of controlled release microparticles made of poly (lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) (PLGA) that stably encapsulate various antigens though aqueous active self‐healing encapsulation (ASE). These microparticles are incorporated into rapid‐dissolving MNPs for intradermal vaccination.PLGA microparticles containing Alhydrogel are loaded with antigens separate from microparticle fabrication using ASE. This avoids antigen expsoure to many stressors. The microparticles demonstrate bi‐phasic release, with initial burst of soluble antigen, followed by delayed release of Alhydrogel‐complexed antigen over approximately 2 months in vitro. For delivery, the microparticles are incorporated into MNPs designed with pedestals to extend functional microneedle length. These microneedles readily penetrate skin and rapidly dissolve to deposit microparticles intradermally. Microparticles remain in the tissue for extended residence, with MNP‐induced micropores resealing readily. In animal models, these patches generate robust immune responses that are comparable to conventional administration techniques. This lays the framework for a versatile vaccine delivery system that could be self‐applied with important logistical advantages over hypodermic injections.
Treatment of Volatile Organic Compounds with a Pt/Co3O4‐CeO2 Catalyst
Authors: Inoue Kenichiro , Somekawa Shoichi 
Published: October 2018

AbstractFor emission control of volatile organic compounds (VOC), e.g., in the painting and printing industries, conventional Pt/Al2O3 and Co3O4‐CeO2 catalysts are used. On the Pt/Al2O3 catalyst, aromatic hydrocarbons containing a benzene ring such as toluene can be oxidized at a lower complete oxidation temperature than on Co3O4‐CeO2, under typical treatment conditions. However, ethyl acetate and isopropyl alcohol can be oxidized at a lower complete oxidation temperature on Co3O4‐CeO2 than on Pt/Al2O3. In this study, platinum was directly supported on Co3O4‐CeO2. Using chloroplatinic acid, the platinum cohered and the catalytic activity did not improve. But when the platinum was supported using platinum colloid coated with dispersant, high‐dispersion support of the platinum on the Co3O4‐CeO2 surface was achieved, and toluene, ethyl acetate, and isopropyl alcohol could be oxidized at less than 250 °C.
Kinetic Model of Two‐Phase Epoxidation with Ionic Liquids as Micellar Catalysts
Authors: Schäffer Johannes , Zehner Bastian , Korth Wolfgang , Cokoja Mirza , Jess Andreas 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe biphasic catalytic epoxidation of cyclooctene using the ionic liquid (IL) 1,2‐dimethyl‐3‐octyl‐imidazolium perrhenate ([OMMIM]ReO4) as micellar catalyst and H2O2 as oxidant was investigated. Kinetic experiments were carried out in the intrinsic kinetic regime as proved by variation of stirring rate and temperature. Variation of catalyst concentration allowed for determination of the critical micellar concentration (CMC) of the catalytic IL. The effect of substrate concentrations on the reaction rate was also assessed. Based on the experiments, a kinetic model adapted from enzyme catalysis was proposed to account for the micellar reaction environment. The model takes into account the onset of micelle formation at the CMC. The application of the kinetic model illustrated the good agreement with the experimental data. The model will be applied to other micellar epoxidation reactions and for the design of an appropriate reaction setup in the future.
Dysprosium Single‐Molecule Magnets with Bulky Schiff Base Ligands: Modification of the Slow Relaxation of the Magnetization by Substituent Change
Authors: Long Jérôme , Basalov Ivan V. , Forosenko Natalia V. , Lyssenko Konstantin A. , Mamontova Ekaterina , Cherkasov Anton V. , Damjanović Marko , Chibotaru Liviu F. , Guari Yannick , Larionova Joulia , Trifonov Alexander A. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe synthesis, and magnetic and photoluminescence investigations of two bifunctional dysprosium complexes based on tridentate Schiff base ligands is reported. Magnetic investigations reveal a genuine single‐molecule magnet (SMM) behavior, with out‐of‐phase signals up to 60 K, and tunable emission arising from the Schiff base ligands.
Polyarteritis nodosa with ureteric stenosis
Authors: Funai Naoko , Kobori Go , Machida Satoru , Tokura Yoshiki 
Published: October 2018

AbstractPolyarteritis nodosa (PAN) is a primary systemic medium‐vessel vasculitides. In systemic PAN, the most frequent skin lesions are purpura, livedo, and nodules. We report a case of PAN with stenosis of the ureter. A 60‐year‐old Japanese woman had a 5‐year history of subcutaneous nodules, purpura, livedo‐like dark erythema on the bilateral lower legs, with histopathology of necrotizing vasculitis of medium‐sized arteries. Radiologically, hydronephrosis of both kidneys was found with stenosis of the ureters. She received radical nephrectomy of the right kidney and ureter and retention of ureteral stent for the left one. The removed ureter showed stenosis with prominent fibrosis of the lamina propria and muscular layer. We diagnosed the condition as systemic PAN with ureteric stenosis. Oral prednisolone exerted a good therapeutic effect. There have been reported 16 cases of systemic PAN with ureteric stenosis, including our case. Ureteric stenosis is one of the important manifestations of systemic PAN.
Fast purification of graphene oxide solution by continuous counter current hollow fibre dialysis: A step towards large scale production
Authors: Bhunia Prasenjit , Kumar Monish , De Sirshendu 
Published: October 2018

AbstractContinuous countercurrent hollow fibre based dialysis was used to purify a graphene oxide (GO) solution rapidly. A 12 kDa cutoff membrane was used for this purpose. The deposited layer of GO particles and flakes acted as a dynamic membrane that entrapped electrolytes, to some extent. This method took 17 h to purify 1 L of GO solution compared to several weeks by batch dialysis without compromising purification efficiency. A one‐dimensional steady state model was used to estimate the overall mass transfer coefficient and predict the concentration profiles of feed and dialysate side. Thus, the demonstrated method was a step towards large scale production of GO.
Optical measurement standards for reflective e‐paper to predict colors displayed in ambient illumination environments
Authors: Hertel Dirk 
Published: October 2018

AbstractColor displays are viewed in ambient conditions ranging from indoor lighting to bright sunlight. For emissive displays such as phones or tablets, color and readability are disturbed by ambient light reflected from the screen. However, ambient light is required to view e‐paper, so color measurements must be reflection‐based. This article describes how a bidirectional reflectance distribution function‐based methodology for measuring the disturbing reflection on emissive displays has been applied to measure the useful reflection from e‐paper displays. These measurements have been embedded in recently developed optical measurement standards for e‐paper that contain color measurement specifications for spectral reflection and—if a front light is present—spectral radiance of each displayed color. Then the measurements are combined with ambient illumination models to predict how display colors would appear in realistic lighting conditions. Although developed for e‐paper, this concept can be applied to any type of color display. Examples illustrate the standard measurement methodology, and how to predict displayed colors on both handheld e‐paper and emissive displays in both indoor and daylight viewing conditions.
Two‐Step Co‐Immunoprecipitation (TIP)
Authors: Sciuto Maria Rita , Coppola Valeria , Iannolo Gioacchin , De Maria Ruggero , Haas Tobias L. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIn the past few decades, numerous approaches have been developed to investigate protein‐protein and protein‐nucleic acid interactions (PPIs and PNIs). Affinity purification methods such as co‐immunoprecipitation (co‐IP) are commonly used to detect and isolate the macromolecular complexesresulting from these interactions. In this article, we describe a two‐step co‐immunoprecipitation (TIP) technique. As compared to standard co‐IP, TIP provides increased specificity in the isolation of PPIs or PNIs under native expression conditions, dramatically reducing the abundance of nonspecific binders and thus facilitating downstream analyses of the interaction complexes. Here, we report a detailed TIP procedure that we used to purify a protein‐protein complex from Burkitt lymphoma cells and from primary human CD4+ T cells. In addition, this unit describes an application of TIP for the isolation of transcription‐factor‐bound chromatin. © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.