bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prediction of Congou Black Tea Fermentation Quality Indices from Color Features Using Non-Linear Regression Methods
Authors: Dong Chunwang , Liang Gaozhen , Hu Bin , Yuan Haibo , Jiang Yongwen , Zhu Hongkai , Qi Jiangtao 
Published: July 2018

AbstractFermentation is the key process to produce the special color of congou black tea. The machine vision technology is applied to detect the color space changes of black tea’s color in RGB, Lab and HSV, and to find out its relevance to black tea’s fermentation quality. And then the color feature parameter is used as input to establish physicochemical indexes (TFs, TRs, and TBs) and sensory features’ linear and non-linear quantitative evaluation model. Results reveal that color features are significantly correlated to quality indices. Compared with the other two color models (RGB and HSV), CIE Lab model can better reflect the dynamic variation features of quality indices and foliage color information of black tea. The predictability of non-linear models (RF and SVM) is superior to PLS linear model, while RF model presents a slight advantage over the classic SVM model since RF model can better represent the quantitative analytical relationship between image information and quality indices. This research has proved that computer image color features and non-linear method can be used to quantitatively evaluate the changes of quality indices (e.g. sensory quality) and the pigment during black tea’s fermentation. Besides, the test is simple, fast, and nondestructive.
Predicting global tuna vulnerabilities with spatial, economic, biological and climatic considerations
Authors: Tidd Alex , Blanchard Julia L. , Kell Laurence , Watson Reg A. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractOverfishing impacts the three pillars of sustainability: social, ecological and economic. Tuna represent a significant part of the global seafood market with an annual value exceeding USD$42B and are vulnerable to overfishing. Our understanding of how social and economic drivers contribute to overexploitation is not well developed. We address this problem by integrating social, ecological and economic indicators to help predict changes in exploitation status, namely fishing mortality relative to the level that would support the maximum sustainable yield (F/FMSY). To do this we examined F/FMSY for 23 stocks exploited by more than 80 states across the world’s oceans. Low-HDI countries were most at risk of overexploitation of the tuna stocks we examined and increases in economic and social development were not always associated with improved stock status. In the short-term frozen price was a dominant predictor of F/FMSY providing a positive link between the market dynamics and the quantity of fish landed. Given the dependence on seafood in low-income regions, improved measures to safeguard against fisheries overexploitation in the face of global change and uncertainty are needed.
Multipronged activity of combinatorial miR-143 and miR-506 inhibits Lung Cancer cell cycle progression and angiogenesis in vitro
Authors: Hossian A. K. M. Nawshad , Sajib Md. Sanaullah , Tullar Paul E. , Mikelis Constantinos M. , Mattheolabakis George 
Published: July 2018

AbstractLung cancer (LC) is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Downregulation of CDK1, 4 and 6, key regulators of cell cycle progression, correlates with decreased LC cell proliferation. Enforced expression of miRNAs (miRs) is a promising approach to regulate genes. Here, we study the combinatorial treatment of miR-143 and miR-506 to target the CDK1, 4/6 genes, respectively. We analyzed the differential expression of CDK genes by qPCR, and western blot, and evaluated changes in the cell cycle distribution upon combinatorial treatment. We used an antibody microarray analysis to evaluate protein expression, focusing on the cell cycle pathway, and performed RNA-sequencing for pathway analysis. The combinatorial miR treatment significantly downregulated CDK1, 4 and 6 expression, and induced a shift of the cell cycle populations, indicating a G1 and G2 cell cycle block. The two miRs induces strong cytotoxic activity, with potential synergism, and a significant Caspase 3/7 activation. We identified a strong inhibition of tube formation in the presence or absence VEGF in an in vitro angiogenesis model. Together with the pathways analysis of the RNA-sequencing data, our findings establish the combinatorial miR transfection as a viable strategy for lung cancer treatment that merits further investigation.
O-GlcNAcylation of FoxO1 mediates nucleoside diphosphate kinase B deficiency induced endothelial damage
Authors: Shan Shenliang , Chatterjee Anupriya , Qiu Yi , Hammes Hans-Peter , Wieland Thomas , Feng Yuxi 
Published: July 2018

AbstractNucleoside diphosphate kinase B (NDPK-B) acts as a protective factor in the retinal vasculature. NDPK-B deficiency leads to retinal vasoregression mimicking diabetic retinopathy (DR). Angiopoetin 2 (Ang-2), an initiator of retinal vasoregression in DR, is upregulated in NDPK-B deficient retinas and in NDPK-B depleted endothelial cells (ECs) in vitro. We therefore investigated the importance of Ang-2 in NDPK-B deficient retinas and characterized the mechanisms of Ang-2 upregulation upon NDPK-B depletion in cultured ECs. The crucial role of retinal Ang-2 in the initiation of vasoregression was verified by crossing NDPK-B deficient with Ang-2 haplodeficient mice. On the molecular level, FoxO1, a transcription factor regulating Ang-2, was upregulated in NDPK-B depleted ECs. Knockdown of FoxO1 abolished the elevation of Ang-2 induced by NDPK-B depletion. Furthermore O-GlcNAcylated FoxO1 was found preferentially in the nucleus. An increased O-GlcNAcylation of FoxO1 was revealed upon NDPK-B depletion. In accordance, the inhibition of protein O-GlcNAcylation normalized NDPK-B depletion induced Ang-2 upregulation. In summary, we demonstrated that the upregulation of Ang-2 upon NDPK-B deficiency is driven by O-GlcNAcylation of FoxO1. Our data provide evidence for a central role of protein O-GlcNAcylation in NDPK-B associated vascular damage and point to the hexosamine pathway as an important target in retinal vasoregression.
Voxel size and gray level normalization of CT radiomic features in lung cancer
Authors: Shafiq-ul-Hassan Muhammad , Latifi Kujtim , Zhang Geoffrey , Ullah Ghanim , Gillies Robert , Moros Eduardo 
Published: July 2018

AbstractRadiomic features are potential imaging biomarkers for therapy response assessment in oncology. However, the robustness of features with respect to imaging parameters is not well established. Previously identified potential imaging biomarkers were found to be intrinsically dependent on voxel size and number of gray levels (GLs) in a recent texture phantom investigation. Here, we validate the voxel size and GL in-phantom normalizations in lung tumors. Eighteen patients with non-small cell lung cancer of varying tumor volumes were analyzed. To compare with patient data, phantom scans were acquired on eight different scanners. Twenty four previously identified features were extracted from lung tumors. The Spearman rank (rs) and interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were used as metrics. Eight out of 10 features showed high (rs > 0.9) and low (rs < 0.5) correlations with number of voxels before and after normalizations, respectively. Likewise, texture features were unstable (ICC < 0.6) and highly stable (ICC > 0.8) before and after GL normalizations, respectively. We conclude that voxel size and GL normalizations derived from a texture phantom study also apply to lung tumors. This study highlights the importance and utility of investigating the robustness of radiomic features with respect to CT imaging parameters in radiomic phantoms.
Anisotropic transverse magnetoresistance and Fermi surface in TaSb2
Authors: Pariari Arnab , Singha Ratnadwip , Roy Shubhankar , Satpati Biswarup , Mandal Prabhat 
Published: July 2018

AbstractTaSb2 has been predicted theoretically to be a weak topological insulator. Whereas, the earlier magnetotransport experiment has established it as a topological semimetal. In the previous works, the Shubnikov-de Haas oscillation has been analyzed to probe the Fermi surface, with magnetic field along a particular crystallographic axis only. By employing a sample rotator, we reveal highly anisotropic transverse magnetoresistance by rotating the magnetic field along different crystallographic directions. To probe the anisotropy in the Fermi surface, we have performed magnetization measurements and detected strong de Haas-van Alphen (dHvA) oscillations for the magnetic field applied along a and b axes as well as perpendicular to ab plane of the crystals. Three Fermi pockets have been identified by analyzing the dHvA oscillations. With the application of magnetic field along different crystal directions, the cross-sectional areas of the Fermi pockets have been found significantly different, i.e., the Fermi pockets are highly anisotropic in nature. Three-band fitting of electrical and Hall conductivity reveals two high mobility electron pockets and one low mobility hole pocket. The angular variation of transverse magnetoresistance has been qualitatively explained using the results of dHvA oscillations and three-band analysis.
Thermal conductivity of amorphous SiO2 thin film: A molecular dynamics study
Authors: Zhu Wenhui , Zheng Guang , Cao Sen , He Hu 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAmorphous SiO2(a-SiO2) thin films are widely used in integrated circuits (ICs) due to their excellent thermal stability and insulation properties. In this paper, the thermal conductivity of a-SiO2thin film was systematically investigated using non-equilibrium molecular dynamics (NEMD) simulations. In addition to the size effect and the temperature effect for thermal conductivity of a-SiO2thin films, the effect of defects induced thermal conductivity tuning was also examined. It was found that the thermal conductivity of a-SiO2thin films is insensitive to the temperature from −55 °C to 150 °C. Nevertheless, in the range of the thickness in this work, the thermal conductivity of the crystalline SiO2(c-SiO2) thin films conforms to the T−αwith the exponent range from −0.12 to −0.37, and the thinner films are less sensitive to temperature. Meanwhile, the thermal conductivity of a-SiO2with thickness beyond 4.26 nm has no significant size effect, which is consistent with the experimental results. Compared with c-SiO2thin film, the thermal conductivity of a-SiO2is less sensitive to defects. Particularly, the effect of spherical void defects on the thermal conductivity of a-SiO2is followed by Coherent Potential model, which is helpful for the design of low-K material based porous a-SiO2thin film in microelectronics.
Generation of multiparametric MRI maps by using Gd-labelled- RBCs reveals phenotypes and stages of murine prostate cancer
Authors: Ferrauto Giuseppe , Di Gregorio Enza , Lanzardo Stefania , Ciolli Laura , Iezzi Manuela , Aime Silvio 
Published: July 2018

AbstractProstate Cancer (PCa) is the second most common and fifth cause of cancer-related mortality in males in Western Countries. The development of innovative tools for an early, more precise and noninvasive diagnosis is a medical need. Vascular volume (Vv) and hypoxia are two of the most important tumor hallmarks. Herein, they have been assessed in TRAMP mice by using MRI. Their quantification has been carried out by injecting autologous Red Blood Cells (RBCs), ex vivo labelled with Gd-HPDO3A or Gd-DOTP complexes, respectively. Gd-labelled-RBCs are stably confined in the intravascular space, also in presence of a very leaky tumor endothelium, thus representing efficient probes for vascular space analysis. Vv enhancement and hypoxia onset have been demonstrated to be present at early stages of PCa and their expression largely increases with tumor development. Moreover, also Diffusion weighted MRI and Amide Proton Transfer MRI have been herein applied to characterize PCa. The herein applied multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) analysis allows a detailed in vivo characterization of PCa, in which each histotype and cancer stage displays a specific MRI pattern. This provides an unprecedented opportunity to feature prostate tumor, making possible a non-invasive, precise and early diagnosis, which could direct treatments towards a more personalized medicine.
The energetic behaviour of the human foot across a range of running speeds
Authors: Kelly Luke A. , Cresswell Andrew G. , Farris Dominic J. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe human foot contains passive elastic tissues that have spring-like qualities, storing and returning mechanical energy and other tissues that behave as dampers, dissipating energy. Additionally the intrinsic and extrinsic foot muscles have the capacity to act as dampers and motors, dissipating and generating mechanical energy. It remains unknown as to how the contribution of all passive and active tissues combine to produce the overall energetic function of the foot during running. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine if the foot behaves globally as an active spring-damper during running. Fourteen participants ran on a force-instrumented treadmill at 2.2 ms−1, 3.3 ms−1 and 4.4 ms−1, while foot segment motion was collected simultaneously with kinetic measurements. A unified deformable segment model was applied to quantify the instantaneous power of the foot segment during ground contact and mechanical work was calculated by integrating the foot power data. At all running speeds, the foot absorbed energy from early stance through to mid-stance and subsequently returned/generated a proportion of this energy in late stance. The magnitude of negative work performed increased with running speed, while the magnitude of positive work remained relatively constant across all running speeds. The proportion of energy dissipated relative to that absorbed (foot dissipation-ratio) was always greater than zero and increased with running speed, suggesting that the foot behaves as a viscous spring-damper.
Comprehensive analysis of competitive endogenous RNAs network associated with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Fang Xiao-Nan , Yin Miao , Li Hua , Liang Cheng , Xu Cong , Yang Gui-Wen , Zhang Hua-Xiang 
Published: July 2018

AbstractLong non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) can regulate gene expression directly or indirectly through interacting with microRNAs (miRNAs). However, the role of differentially expressed mRNAs, lncRNAs and miRNAs, and especially their related competitive endogenous RNAs (ceRNA) network in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), is not fully comprehended. In this paper, the lncRNA, miRNA, and mRNA expression profiles of 546 HNSCC patients, including 502 tumor and 44 adjacent non-tumor tissues, from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were analyzed. 82 miRNAs, 1197 mRNAs and 1041 lncRNAs were found to be differentially expressed in HNSCC samples (fold change ≥ 2; P < 0.01). Further bioinformatics analysis was performed to construct a lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA network of HNSCC, which includes 8 miRNAs, 71 lncRNAs and 16 mRNAs. Through survival analysis based on the expression profiles of RNAs in the ceRNA network, we detected 1 mRNA, 1 miRNA and 13 lncRNA to have a significant impact on the overall survival of HNSCC patients (P < 0.05). Finally, some lncRNAs, which are more important for survival, were also predicted. Our research provides data to further understand the molecular mechanisms implicated in HNSCC.
Outburst floods provide erodability estimates consistent with long-term landscape evolution
Authors: Garcia-Castellanos Daniel , O’Connor Jim E. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractMost current models for the landscape evolution over geological timescales are based on semi-empirical laws that consider riverbed incision proportional to rock erodability (dependent on lithology) and to the work performed by water flow (stream power). However, the erodability values obtained from these models are entangled with poorly known conditions of past climate and streamflow. Here we use the erosion reported for 82 outburst floods triggered by overtopping lakes as a way to estimate the outlet erodability. This avoids the common assumptions regarding past hydrology because water discharge from overtopping floods is often well constrained from geomorphological evidence along the spillway. This novel methodology yields values of erodability that show a quantitative relation to lithology similar to previous river erosion analyses, expanding the range of hydrological and temporal scales of fluvial incision models and suggesting some consistency between the mathematical formulations of long-term and catastrophic erosional mechanisms. Our results also clarify conditions leading to the runaway erosion responsible for outburst floods triggered by overtopping lakes.
Relationship between Systemic Vascular Characteristics and Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Loss in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Jeon Soo Ji , Park Hae-Young Lopilly , Lee Jae Hyung , Park Chan Kee 
Published: July 2018

AbstractRetinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) loss in diabetic patients is especially common regardless of diabetic retinopathy (DR). The correlations between nonglaucomatous RNFL loss and systemic characteristics in diabetic patients have aroused interests in many aspects. 167 subjects with type 2 diabetes who underwent evaluation for arterial stiffness and cardiovascular autonomic function using heart rate variability (HRV) were included in this study. Arterial stiffness was measured using cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) and ankle-brachial index (ABI). Multivariate regression analysis was performed to determine factors influencing the presence of RNFL loss according to age. Factors determining the superior location of diabetic RNFL loss were also investigated. CAVI were worse in patients with RNFL loss, especially in those with old age (≥50 yrs) (p = 0.037). Influential factor of RNFL defect in old group was ABI (p = 0.007). However, in young group (<50 yrs), HRV parameter (low-frequency/high-frequency ratio) determined the presence of RNFL loss (p = 0.040). Significant determinants of superior RNFL defect in old subjects were CAVI and ABI (p = 0.032 and p = 0.024). For young diabetic patients, autonomic dysfunction may have relationship with RNFL loss, but as patients get older, arterial stiffness could aggravate vascular autoregulation and diabetic RNFL loss. RNFL loss in diabetes may be correlated with systemic vascular conditions.
Auditory Lexical Decisions in Developmental Language Disorder: A Meta-Analysis of Behavioral Studies
Authors: Jones Samuel David , Brandt Silke 
Published: July 2018

Purpose
Despite the apparent primacy of syntactic deficits, children with developmental language disorder (DLD) often also evidence lexical impairments. In particular, it has been argued that this population have difficulty forming lexical representations that are detailed enough to support effective spoken word processing. In order to better understand this deficit, a meta-analysis of studies testing children with DLD in the auditory lexical decision task was conducted. The objective was to provide summary effect size estimates for accuracy and response time measures for comparisons to age- and language-matched control groups.

Method
Two thousand three hundred seventy-two records were initially identified through electronic searches and expert consultation, with this cohort reduced to 9 through duplicate removal and the application of eligibility and quality criteria. The final study cohort included 499 children aged 3;8–11;4 (years;months).

Results
Multivariate analysis suggests that children with DLD were significantly less accurate in the auditory lexical decision task than age-matched controls. For the response time estimate, however, confidence intervals for the same group comparison crossed 0, suggesting no reliable difference between groups. Confidence intervals also crossed 0 for language-matched control estimates for both accuracy and response time, suggesting no reliable difference between groups on either measure.

Conclusion
Results broadly support the hypothesis that children with DLD have difficulty in forming detailed lexical representations relative to age- though not language-matched peers. However, further work is required to determine the performance profiles of potential subgroups and the impact of manipulating different lexical characteristics, such as the position and degree of nonword error, phonotactic probability, and semantic network size.
Theories of Working Memory: Differences in Definition, Degree of Modularity, Role of Attention, and Purpose
Authors: Adams Eryn J. , Nguyen Anh T. , Cowan Nelson 
Published: July 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this article is to review and discuss theories of working memory with special attention to their relevance to language processing.

Method
We begin with an overview of the concept of working memory itself and review some of the major theories. Then, we show how theories of working memory can be organized according to their stances on 3 major issues that distinguish them: modularity (on a continuum from domain-general to very modular), attention (on a continuum from automatic to completely attention demanding), and purpose (on a continuum from idiographic, or concerned with individual differences, to nomothetic, or concerned with group norms). We examine recent research that has a bearing on these distinctions.

Results
Our review shows important differences between working memory theories that can be described according to positions on the 3 continua just noted.

Conclusion
Once properly understood, working memory theories, methods, and data can serve as quite useful tools for language research.