bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Our Story
Authors: Eisler Riane 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This stage-setting chapter introduces a way to address more effectively our mounting social, economic, and environmental challenges: the Biocultural Partnership-Domination Lens. Transcending conventional analyses of human societies, as well as familiar categories such as right versus left, religious versus secular, or Eastern versus Western, it proposes that how our brains develop—and hence how people think, feel, and act—largely hinges on where a time and place fall on the domination-partnership social scale. Drawing from a rich variety of disciplines—from biology, psychology, and anthropology to chaos theory, gender studies, and neuroscience—it shows connections that are still largely ignored, including the interaction between biology and culture and the relationship between the social status of the majority of humanity—women and children—and the expression of our human capacities for consciousness, caring, and creativity. The authors also share their backgrounds and what led them to question popular assumptions and explore alternatives in light of the urgent need to exchange a domination-oriented narrative for a different story based on life-enhancing partnership principles such as equality, care, compassion, and sustainability.
We Innovate Together
Authors: Potts Jason 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This chapter introduces the economic problem of the origin of innovation. It observes that we don’t really understand the origins of innovation very well, particularly the origin of entrepreneurship. It points out that this is a weakness for innovation theory, and particularly Schumpeterian or evolutionary economic theory, as well as for innovation policy that is built upon such frameworks. Introducing the meaning of a commons, the chapter connects this to the innovation problem, working through several stories about the origin of innovation in terms of mountain bikes, computers, and modern science. It also discusses the role of group formation and governance in this early stage process.
Imagining Religious Communities
Authors: Saunders Jennifer B. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBased on ethnographic research with a transnational Hindu family and its social networks, this book examines the ways that middle-class Hindu communities are engaged actively in creating and maintaining their communities. Imagination as a social practice has been a crucial component of defining a transnational life in the moments between actual contact across borders, and the narratives community members tell are key components of communicating these social imaginaries. Narrative performances shape participants’ social realities in multiple ways: they define identities, they create connections between community members living on opposite sides of national borders, and they help create new homes amid increasing mobility. The narratives are religious and include both epic narratives, such as excerpts from the Rāmāyaṇ, and personal narratives with dharmic implications. The book argues that this Hindu community’s religious narrative performances significantly contribute to shaping their transnational lives. The analysis combines scholarly understandings of the ways that performances shape the contexts in which they are told, indigenous comprehension of the power that reciting certain narratives can have on those who hear them, and the theory that social imaginaries define new social realities through expressing the aspirations of communities.
Sundarkāṇḍ
Authors: Saunders Jennifer B. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis chapter examines the ways that the Guptas’ and their social network’s performances of the Sundarkāṇḍ help create a community that is always understood to be defined in relationship with similar communities in India. It begins with a description of an Atlanta Sundarkāṇḍ kathā. After explicating its religious significance and describing Sundarkāṇḍ kathā as a genre within other categories of Rāmcaritmānas recitation, chapter 6 places this performance in its social context, analyzing the ways the Guptas’ and their social network’s performances of it help to shape their community. It then contrasts the Sundarkāṇḍ group with Mausi’s religious group in Delhi to show the continuity and change inherent in the transmigrants’ community. Finally, the chapter depicts Mrs. Gupta’s narrative performance in which she presents her own interpretation of the connections between group religious practices and community.
Women’s Activism as a Model for Feminist Theorizing
Authors: McLaren Margaret A. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This chapter describes the work of two grassroots women’s organizations in India, the Self-Employed Women’s Association and MarketPlace India. It provides background on each organization and identifies four themes in their work: Collaboration and Participation, Women’s Leadership, Women’s Empowerment, and Respect for Diversity and Global Connections. Drawing upon actual struggles for economic and social justice, the chapter shows how these organizations empower their members through dignified labor, participation in organizational decision making, and developing leadership. The organizations also cultivate a respect for diversity of identities. This respect for diversity coincides with the ability to criticize pernicious traditions and practices. Each organization empowers its members to challenge structural injustice through social and political activism. The chapter demonstrates the effectiveness of beginning from the local and moving toward the global to promote gender justice, and it suggests that the comprehensive strategy that these organizations employ could serve as a model for transnational feminism.
Without the Banya We Would Perish
Authors: Pollock Ethan 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The story of the pervasive and resilient Russian bathhouse (banya) offers new perspectives on the evolution of Russian identity, conceptions of health and hygiene, and forms of community, sexuality, and sociability. The meanings that have formed around the banya over its thousand-year history make it a unique prism through which to understand the effects of broad social, economic, and political changes on the everyday lives of Russians and to understand how Russians have seemed at times barbaric and at times enlightened to outsiders. Sources ranging from the earliest recorded Russian chronicles to recent feature films, from municipal codes to highbrow Russian literature, illustrate the ways in which the banya, whether in Russia, in the Russian diaspora, or in the imagination of outsiders, has been a place to get clean and a space for intrigue, intimacy, violence, and sex.
Our People Love the Banya But Nothing Good Comes of It
Authors: Pollock Ethan 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
By the second half of the nineteenth century Russia doctors had caught up with their Western peers and began to see bathing in general and the banya in particular as crucial for health and hygiene. But when they inspected the banyas of the empire—in villages, factories, small towns, and capital cities—they found horrendously filthy conditions. Common practices and habits did not conform to medical prescriptions, even in the ornate and luxurious banyas of St. Petersburg. Efforts to confront the issue failed, but the idea that the banya was an important feature of a modern society grew stronger.
Either Socialism Will Defeat the Louse or the Louse Will Defeat Socialism
Authors: Pollock Ethan 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In as much as the banya was associated with the Russian peasantry and urban decadence, Bolsheviks disdained it. But as a tool of modern hygiene, the banya was unassailable. Workers demanded accessible, affordable, and well-maintained bathhouses. After the revolution of 1917, the Soviet state committed to providing them. During the Russian Civil War, the prevalence of epidemics (typhus, relapsing fever) only increased the pressure on the new state to provide people with the means to clean themselves in banyas. During War Communism banyas came under municipal control and were expected to provide access to the lower classes; under the New Economic Policy of the 1920s, they re-emerged as commercial enterprises. But as satires by Zoshchenko and the commentary of others made plain, the conditions in Soviet banyas remained abysmal, a far cry from the idealized banyas of popular imagination.
Things Are Bad on the Banya Front
Authors: Pollock Ethan 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Stalin’s “revolution from above” in the Soviet Union directly affected banyas. Forced industrialization suggested that enough banyas could finally be built to meet the demands of the people, and yet they suffered because they were lower priorities than other, more pressing, goals. Collectivization radically transformed the countryside, spreading disease and hunger across the country, increasing the pressure on towns to fight epidemics by using hot banyas to eradicate lice. And campaigns for more cultured living suggested socialist bodies were supposed to be clean bodies. Over the course of the 1930s, however, the Soviet state failed to fulfill its promises of building enough banyas for the population. The problems on the banya front were both laughable (as seen in cartoons in the journal Krokodil) and deadly serious (as the terror suggested.)
From Random Walks to Random Matrices
Authors: Zinn-Justin Jean 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Theoretical physics is a cornerstone of modern physics and provides a foundation for all modern quantitative science. It aims to describe all natural phenomena using mathematical theories and models and, in consequence, develops our understanding of the fundamental nature of the universe. This book offers an overview of major areas covering the recent developments in modern theoretical physics. Each chapter introduces a new key topic, and develops the discussion in a self-contained manner. At the same time, the selected topics have common themes running throughout the book, which connect the independent discussions. The main themes—renormalization group, fixed points, universality and continuum limit—open and conclude the work. Other important and related themes are path integrals and field integrals, effective field theories, gauge theories, the mathematical structure at the basis of the interactions in fundamental particle physics, including quantization problems and anomalies, stochastic dynamical equations and summation of perturbative series.
Imperial Receptions
Authors: Gardner Hunter H. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Chapter 6 explores the appropriation of late Republican and Augustan treatments of pestilence in Imperial literature. Seneca’s version of Oedipus’ tragedy turns to Latin epic, rather than Sophocles, to articulate conditions of pestilence in Thebes. This language reflects upon Oedipus’ traditional role as φαρμακός, both infected “carrier” and saviour to the civic body, clarifying how competing claims of individuality and collectivity have determined the pathology of earlier literary treatments of plague. By inscribing plague within a text that questions standards of good government, Seneca secures the role of contagion as a tool for examining the health of the body politic in Neronian Rome. The epics of Silius Italicus and Lucan also invoke the plagues of their predecessors in contexts of Roman civil discord, and use the plague’s power to enact the dissolution of individual identity as a way of indicting competition for political distinction. Lucan relies on the symptomology of his predecessors in his account of pestilence afflicting Pompey’s soldiers, but emphasizes the link between contagion and internal conflict by casting both the disease and the fervour for civil war as rabies. Silius, in the Punica, describes an outbreak of pestilence during the Punic Wars that brings about widespread destruction. But in answer to the status-leveling and dehumanizing effects characterizing preceding plague narratives, he depicts the Roman general Marcellus escaping the plague and recovering distinction or “exemplarity” in a way that does not threaten the health of the body politic.
Relapse
Authors: Gardner Hunter H. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The seventh chapter of this project examines the transmission of Roman plague in literary and visual arts, beginning with the early Christian period and proceeding up through the present day. Such a survey is necessarily selective and meant to indicate the range of interpretive possibilities available for readers who are sensitive to the conventions developed in the hexameter treatments of Lucretius, Vergil, and Ovid. The chapter focuses on three areas of reception: early Christian poetry and prose (Endelechius’ Carmen de Mortibus Boum; Paul the Deacon’s Historia Langobardorum), visual arts of the Italian Renaissance (e.g. Raphael’s Vergilian Plague of Phrygia [1520’s]) and Anglo-American novels (e.g. Mary Shelley’s The Last Man and Margaret Atwood’s Maddaddam Trilogy). The visual and literary arts discussed here crystallize the interplay between civil strife, familial discord, and epochal evolution evident in the pestilence narratives examined throughout this project. Roman conventions of representing pestilence help us understand how narratives of contagious disease up to the present day have dramatized a tension between ideals of autonomy and distinction and those that foster group cohesion and collectivity.
Introduction
Authors: Gardner Hunter H. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The Introduction offers an overview of the book’s contents as well as a statement of the book’s general thesis: representations of plague in Latin epic play critical roles in diagnosing and rehabilitating a civic body wracked by discordia. They do so partly by staging a conflict between the concerns of the individual and the interests of the collective res publica. Lucretius, Ovid, and Vergil innovate within the tradition of plague writing by introducing new symptoms and social effects of contagious disease, and by emphasizing the expurgating properties of plague. Such properties allow these poets to weigh the possibility of an entirely new order against the likelihood that any civic body will bear traces of old pathologies.
Theoretical Lenses on Context
Authors: Meier Ninna , Dopson Sue 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The concept of context is central to many fields and streams of research. How we understand and define context as a theoretical concept matters in relation to research questions, design, our approach to the philosophy of science, and thus our results. This chapter presents an overview of where readers can find further discussions of the concept of context, as well as debates on how best to analyze and study context empirically within specific scholarly fields. Further, the chapter defines and discusses context as a theoretical construct, relates these discussions to the Framework for Studying Context in Action, and reflects upon the analytical consequences of the choices this approach entails.
Tracing Context as Relational, Discursive Accomplishment
Authors: Korica Maja , Nicolini Davide 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This chapter problematizes traditional approaches to understanding context as an analytical category, and, instead, it suggests engaging it differently, as members’ concern continually made present through particular kinds of attention and action. The authors elaborate on this via illustrative empirical exemplars from shadowing-based study of chief executives in the UK’s National Health Service. These examples demonstrate the ways in which context was actively made to matter by CEOs making connections and giving particular meaning in district work situations. Building on these examples, it offers a number of analytical and methodological contributions, as well as outlines implications, including those for the literature on managerial work, power, and relational prospective sensemaking.
Context and Work Organization in an Acute Health Care Setting
Authors: Kessler Ian 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This chapter explores the influence of context in shaping the health care support worker in a hospital setting. Viewing context as constraining or facilitating the exercise of discretion or choice, the chapter examines such influences at different levels of a health care system: the national, the organizational, and the workplace. Drawing on material from four case study hospitals in National Health Service England, the chapter highlights the sensitivity of the support worker role to national and organizational policies and practices. However, the role is presented as particularly affected by workplace contingencies linked to clinical setting, work organization, and interpersonal relations on the ward. The result is a role that shares a job title but assumes a very different form, in terms of tasks performed between and especially within different hospitals.
Surrealism’s Subject
Authors: Duncan Dennis 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Viewing the group through the lens of their relationship with Surrealism, this chapter looks historically at the way that the Oulipo’s own conception of their activities changed during the late 1960s and early 1970s. It begins by describing Queneau’s role in the Surrealist movement in the 1920s, and his subsequent long-lasting dissatisfaction with the Surrealist approach to authorial inspiration. In a radio interview of 1962, he mocks Surrealism’s adherence to the cliché of the tortured artist, contrasting it with the brisk simplicity of Oulipian procedures for preparing texts where the very notion of an author comes close to being wiped out. A few years later, however—after the group began to extend its membership in the late 1960s—the Oulipo’s second wave began to speak in terms in which the author-subject is rehabilitated. These members view constrained writing exercises as a way of ‘radically outwitting’ their own repressive mechanisms to produce works of self-expression which would not have been possible without the constraint: a formula that has more in common with Surrealist automatic writing than many in the group would admit.
Introduction
Authors: Duncan Dennis 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The Introduction outlines the argument of the book, giving some examples of the Oulipo’s close ties with philosophy such as voting to invite Michel Foucault to one of their meetings, and a surprising anecdote about Jacques Lacan as a dinner guest. It also gives a flavour of what the group’s meetings are like – lively, clever, slightly chaotic – by quoting a passage from some early minutes. It then goes on to provide an account of the Oulipo’s formation and subsequent expansion in the 1960s and 1970s, and to introduce the group’s members. It considers their backgrounds, noting that the group was formed not merely of writers, but of mathematicians, academics, Pataphysicians, and philosophers. Several had been associated with the Surrealists; a number, too, had been involved in the underground publishing movement during the war. These biographies, I argue, are important: they demonstrate that the Oulipo was, from the start, connected to wider intellectual networks – not insular, but rather a workshop in which a multiplicity of voices with varying interests and experiences were brought to bear.
Fifty-Fifty
Authors: Garavini Giuliano 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Chapter 1 describes the negotiations and the reasons for the advent of the fifty-fifty oil profit sharing model in Venezuela in 1948, and then its application to the Middle East after the first ever visit to the region by a delegation of Venezuelan civil servants in the region in 1949. The chapter ends with a focuses on the last country to apply this model, Iran, where it was imposed with a coup against Mossadegh in 1953 in response to the nationalization of the petroleum industry. By the middle 1950s an oligopoly of seven or eight international oil companies was in control of basically all the world’s petroleum export.
OPEC
Authors: Garavini Giuliano 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In order to explain the creation of OPEC, Chapter 2 describes the spread of protests in the oil fields as well as the rise of nationalism in the Arab world, together with the radicalization of Venezuelan politics at the end of the 1950s. It explains in detail the organization of the first Arab Oil Congress in Cairo in 1959, the emergence of a group of oil technocrats in the Middle East and then the creation of OPEC in Baghdad in September 1960. The chapter further explores the nature of OPEC showing why, contrary to common beliefs, it cannot be defined as a “cartel,” while analyzing at the same time the first “operative” resolutions it approved in 1962.
Shaftesbury’s Science of Happiness
Authors: Stuart-Buttle Tim 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This chapter focuses on Anthony Ashley Cooper, third Earl of Shaftesbury. It recovers the interpretative importance of Shaftesbury’s profound classicism—in particular, his admiration for the ancient Stoic moral philosophers—for an understanding of his philosophical objectives, and it challenges the general tendency of recent scholarship to marginalize or ignore the substantive content of that philosophy. It argues that Shaftesbury’s classicism finds its most important context, and his vindication of Stoicism and contempt for the moral teachings of Christianity its contemporary significance, in Locke’s distinctive treatment of classical moral philosophy. Precisely because scholars have paid scant attention to the latter, they have failed to comprehend the novelty and importance of the former. Shaftesbury’s admiration for Stoicism also informed his highly distinctive narrative of the history of philosophy, which emphasized how Christianity had misappropriated ancient moral philosophy for its own (worldly) purposes.
From Moral Theology to Moral Philosophy
Authors: Stuart-Buttle Tim 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Hume gave more attention, and wrote more extensively, on the relationship between moral theology and moral philosophy than on any other issue. In doing so, he made clear the importance of Cicero—when interpreted as an academic sceptic—to the explanations he formulated. Hume quite explicitly identified his own variant of sceptical philosophy with Cicero’s, and argued that it alone was consistent with the empirical methodology upon which the ‘science of man’ had to be constructed. In contrast to Locke—with whose moral theory he engaged more closely than scholars have recognized—Hume argued that Cicero justified a complete conceptual separation between the realms of morality and religion. This informed Hume’s narrative of the history of philosophy, which identified the pathological human tendency to demand certainty and to avoid doubt as the greatest cause of error and disruptive of the ties which held people together in civil societies.
Introduction
Authors: Stuart-Buttle Tim 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This chapter introduces the key themes and questions to be explored in the work. In particular, it discusses the tendency of much recent scholarship on early-modern philosophy to emphasize the importance of two late Hellenistic philosophical traditions: the Stoic and the Epicurean. It indicates that three important British writers—John Locke, Conyers Middleton, and David Hume—deliberately and explicitly aligned their approaches with Cicero, as the representative of an alternative philosophical tradition: academic scepticism. This, they argued, offered the conceptual resources more satisfactorily to address a question that contemporaries recognized to be particularly pressing: the relationship between moral theology and moral philosophy. It further yielded highly distinctive narratives of the historical relationship between classical moral philosophy and the Christian moral theology which had appropriated and displaced it. These narratives were in turn challenged by Shaftesbury and Mandeville, who placed themselves (respectively) within the Stoic and Epicurean traditions.