bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anti-cancer activity of the novel 2-hydroxydiarylamide derivatives IMD-0354 and KRT1853 through suppression of cancer cell invasion, proliferation, and survival mediated by TMPRSS4
Authors: Kim Solbi , Ko Dongjoon , Lee Yunhee , Jang Seonghui , Lee Younghoon , Lee Ill Young , Kim Semi 
Published: July 2019

AbstractElevated expression of transmembrane serine protease 4 (TMPRSS4) correlates with poor prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, prostate cancer, and other cancer patients. Previously, we demonstrated that TMPRSS4 mediates tumor cell invasion, migration, proliferation, and metastasis. In addition, we reported novel 2-hydroxydiarylamide derivatives, IMD-0354 and KRT1853, as TMPRSS4 serine protease inhibitors. Here, we further evaluated the effects of the representative derivatives on TMPRSS4-mediated cellular function and signaling. IMD-0354 and KRT1853 inhibited cancer cell invasion, migration, and proliferation in TMPRSS4-expressing prostate, colon, and lung cancer cells. Both compounds suppressed TMPRSS4-mediated induction of Sp1/3, AP-1, and NF-κB transcription factors. Furthermore, TMPRSS4 promoted cancer cell survival and drug resistance, and both compounds enhanced anoikis sensitivity as well as reduced bcl-2 and survivin levels. Importantly, KRT1853 efficiently reduced tumor growth in prostate and colon cancer xenograft models. These results strongly recommend KRT1853 for further development as a novel anti-cancer agent.
Myocardial hypothermia increases autophagic flux, mitochondrial mass and myocardial function after ischemia-reperfusion injury
Authors: Marek-Iannucci Stefanie , Thomas Amandine , Hou Jean , Crupi Annunziata , Sin Jon , Taylor David J. , Czer Lawrence S. , Esmailian Fardad , Mentzer Robert M. , Andres Allen M. , Gottlieb Roberta A. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAnimal studies have demonstrated beneficial effects of therapeutic hypothermia on myocardial function, yet exact mechanisms remain unclear. Impaired autophagy leads to heart failure and mitophagy is important for mitigating ischemia/reperfusion injury. This study aims to investigate whether the beneficial effects of therapeutic hypothermia are due to preserved autophagy and mitophagy. Under general anesthesia, the left anterior descending coronary artery of 19 female farm pigs was occluded for 90 minutes with consecutive reperfusion. 30 minutes after reperfusion, we performed pericardial irrigation with warm or cold saline for 60 minutes. Myocardial tissue analysis was performed one and four weeks after infarction. Therapeutic hypothermia induced a significant increase in autophagic flux, mitophagy, mitochondrial mass and function in the myocardium after infarction. Cell stress, apoptosis, inflammation as well as fibrosis were reduced, with significant preservation of systolic and diastolic function four weeks post infarction. We found similar biochemical changes in human samples undergoing open chest surgery under hypothermic conditions when compared to the warm. These results suggest that autophagic flux and mitophagy are important mechanisms implicated in cardiomyocyte recovery after myocardial infarction under hypothermic conditions. New therapeutic strategies targeting these pathways directly could lead to improvements in prevention of heart failure.
Robust Formation of Ultrasmall Room-Temperature Neél Skyrmions in Amorphous Ferrimagnets from Atomistic Simulations
Authors: Ma Chung Ting , Xie Yunkun , Sheng Howard , Ghosh Avik W. , Poon S. Joseph 
Published: July 2019

AbstractNeél skyrmions originate from interfacial Dzyaloshinskii Moriya interaction (DMI). Recent studies have explored using thin-film ferromagnets and ferrimagnets to host Neél skyrmions for spintronic applications. However, it is unclear if ultrasmall (10 nm or less) skyrmions can ever be stabilized at room temperature for practical use in high density parallel racetrack memories. While thicker films can improve stability, DMI decays rapidly away from the interface. As such, spins far away from the interface would experience near-zero DMI, raising question on whether or not unrealistically large DMI is needed to stabilize skyrmions, and whether skyrmions will also collapse away from the interface. To address these questions, we have employed atomistic stochastic Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert simulations to investigate skyrmions in amorphous ferrimagnetic GdCo. It is revealed that a significant reduction in DMI below that of Pt is sufficient to stabilize ultrasmall skyrmions even in films as thick as 15 nm. Moreover, skyrmions are found to retain a uniform columnar shape across the film thickness due to the long ferrimagnetic exchange length despite the decaying DMI. Our results show that increasing thickness and reducing DMI in GdCo can further reduce the size of skyrmions at room temperature, which is crucial to improve the density and energy efficiency in skyrmion based devices.
Fatty acid desaturase 2 is up-regulated by the treatment with statin through geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate-dependent Rho kinase pathway in HepG2 cells
Authors: Tanaka Shou , Ishihara Noriko , Suzuki Sawako , Watanabe Yasuhiro , Nagayama Daiji , Yamaguchi Takashi , Ohira Masahiro , Saiki Atsuhito , Tanaka Tomoaki , Tatsuno Ichiro 
Published: July 2019

AbstractStatins have been reported to increase the plasma concentration of arachidonic acid (AA), an omega-6 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LCPUFA) in several clinical studies indicating that statins affect the endogenous synthesis of LCUFAs. In the present study, we investigated the roles of the intrinsic mevalonate cascade and Rho-dependent pathway in LCPUFA synthesis, especially focusing on fatty acid desaturases (Fads) 2, using the human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HepG2. Cell number and the activity of caspase-3 and 7 (caspase-3/7) was measured using a commercial kit. Gene expression was analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR. Protein expression was detected by Western blot analysis. Atorvastatin decreased cell viability and increased caspase-3/7 activity in a dose-dependent manner. At lower concentrations, atorvastatin stimulated both mRNA and protein expression of Fads2, and increased mRNA expression of FADS1 and ELVOL5. Both mevalonate and geranylgeranyl-pyrophosphate (GGPP), but not cholesterol, fully reversed atorvastatin-induced upregulation of Fads2, and mevalonate-effected reversal was inhibited by treatment with the Rho-associated protein kinase inhibitor Y-27632. These data clearly demonstrated that in human HepG2 cells, statins affect the endogenous synthesis of LCPUFAs by regulation of not only Fads2, but also Fads1 and Elovl5, through the GGPP-dependent Rho kinase pathway.
Long non-coding RNA SNHG5 promotes glioma progression via miR-205/E2F3 axis
Authors: Li Xiaojian , Liu Liang , Luo Yidan , Cui Sitong , Chen Wei , Zeng Ailiang , Shi Yan , Luo Liangsheng 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
In recent years, many studies have reported on the abnormal expression and correlation of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in tumours. However, the accurate molecular mechanism of lncRNAs in glioma is still in its infancy. In the present study, we aimed to explore the molecular mechanism of small nucleolar RNA host gene 5 (SNHG5) in glioma progression. First, we found that SNHG5 expression was higher in glioma and was related to glioma glucose uptake, migration and invasion. Second, through a series of assays, we concluded that SNHG5 acts as a sponge for miR-205, which inhibits tumour growth in glioma by targeting E2F transcription factor 3 (E2F3). Third, using a xenograft mouse model, we demonstrated that SNHG5 regulates tumourigenesis in vivo. Taken together, our results show that the SNHG5/miR-205/E2F3 axis is involved in glioma progression and may provide a new therapeutic target for the diagnosis and therapy of glioma.
Facile phyto‐mediated synthesis of gold nanoparticles using Eupatorium odoratum leaf extract and its size‐dependent catalytic activity
Authors: Roy Alok , Mohanta Bidhan 
Published: July 2019

In this work, gold nanoparticles have been prepared using the leaf extract of Eupatorium odoratum assisted with microwave irradiation. The role of pH on the synthesis of gold nanoparticles has also been studied. At higher value of pH, size of nanoparticles got highly diminished, going below 10 nm. A probable mechanism of formation of such small nanoparticles has been proposed in this Letter. The effects of different parameters such as reaction time, temperature and pH variation on the final morphology of gold nanoparticles have been investigated. The characterisation of the samples has been carried out by transmission electron microscope, UV–Vis absorption spectroscope, Fourier transform infrared spectroscope and zeta potential analysis. Further, a comparative study of catalytic activity of gold nanoparticles of two different sizes was performed by monitoring the reduction of 2,4,6‐trinitrophenol. Experimental study showed that smaller nanoparticles are more efficient in their catalytic activity than their larger counter parts. The consistency in sizes and shapes, higher stability and rapid synthesis are the major advantages of this synthesis method. Thus, this procedure of synthesis of gold nanoparticles may offer an attractive alternative to the existing ones and opens a full range of possibilities for various analytical applications.
Orthotic Care Based on the Ferrari Concept for Children and Adults with Meningomyelocele
Authors: Schmid Tim , Strehl Elisabeth , Trollmann Regina , Forst Raimund , Fujak Albert 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background Even today, myelomeningocele (MMC) is still encountered in clinical medicine and its incidence has not decreased over the last 20 years despite a known reduction in risk due to the use of folic acid supplements. The spectrum of clinical symptoms is extremely broad and, depending on the level of the defect, varies from mild to severe. Subject to the degree of paralysis, patients are reliant on the use of orthopaedic aids and orthoses for the treatment of primary contractures and deformities and the prevention of secondary ones. This forms the basis for attaining or maintaining mobility in many patients. The objective of the study was to determine the practical application of the proposed Ferrari concept for the provision of orthoses for children and adults.
Patients and Material The retrospective study comprised medical records of 180 patients (97 m) with an average age of 19.44 years (3 – 52 years, SD 9.3) at the time of investigation. The average duration of treatment was 15.34 years (1 – 38 years, SD 8.96). Data relating to deformities of the vertebral column and lower limbs, provision of hydrocephalus shunts and orthoses, and patient mobility was evaluated.
Results Most patients were given systematic treatment with orthoses at an early stage. In 58,9% of cases, it was possible to implement the proposed concept for providing patients with dynamic orthoses, whereby the treatment concept was more difficult to implement with high lumbar lesions than with lower lesions. Moreover, a decrease in the patientsʼ mobility with increasing age was noticeable. Some 42.3% of adult patients were able to walk with marked variations in mobility in relation to the different levels of lesions.
Conclusion Taking into consideration the complexity of both the clinical picture and therefore the provision of orthopaedic devices, the result of the implementation of the proposed orthotic concept can be considered positive. Similarly, early commencement of provision of orthoses and hence the possibility of achieving a positive influence on later mobility can be considered a success. The need for individual concepts and further development in order to increase mobility particularly in the case of patients with thoracic or high lumbar lesions is evident. A more comprehensive provision of information to patients regarding orthotic treatment options and their consequences for prophylaxis and quality of life should be an important component of interdisciplinary long-term patient care.
Coagulation Biomarkers in Women with Recurrent Miscarriage and Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Cavalcante Marcelo Borges , Sarno Manoel , Cavalcante Candice Torres de Melo Bezerra , Araujo Júnior Edward , Barini Ricardo 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Introduction Pregnant women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) have high risk of pregnancy loss. Pathophysiological mechanisms appear to be associated with obesity, hormonal factors, or blood clotting disorders. Our aim is to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis on the relationship between coagulation disorders and risk of recurrent miscarriage (RM) in patients with PCOS and to identify coagulation biomarkers for this condition.
Material and Methods PubMed and MEDLINE databases were searched for publications in English language. The search terms used included “RM”, “polycystic ovary syndrome”, “coagulation disorders”, and “thrombophilia”. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for miscarriage in different RM groups (with and without PCOS).
Results A total of 575 publications including the search terms were identified. Six studies were included for qualitative analysis, and five were included for quantitative analysis (meta-analysis). We found no association between RM and inherited thrombophilias in patients with PCOS: (1) Factor V Leiden (OR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.38 – 1.45; p = 0.38); (2) C677T methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase polymorphism (MTHFR) (OR, 1.01; 95% CI, 0.64 – 1.59; p = 0.97); and (3) A1297C MTHFR polymorphism (OR, 1.08; 95% CI, 0.62 – 1.89; p = 0.77). Other potential biomarkers were identified, with emphasis on plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1.
Conclusion Data available in the current literature revealed that there was no association between RM and inherited thrombophilias in patients with PCOS. RM patients with PCOS have a high risk of thromboembolic events.
Neuropsychologische Prädiktoren für den Erfolg beruflicher Wiedereingliederung
Authors: Watzke Stefan , Brieger Peter 
Published: July 2019

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGKognitive Leistungseinschränkungen stellen zentrale Erkrankungsmerkmale der Schizophrenie und wichtige Prognosefaktoren für den funktionalen Outcome Betroffener dar. In der beruflichen Rehabilitation werden sie daher als Zielgrößen für Trainings einerseits und als Erfolgsprädiktoren andererseits genutzt. Bei zunehmender Diversifizierung der rehabilitativen Angebote und der angesprochenen Klientel stellt sich die Frage, ob kognitive Defizite zielgruppen- und maßnahmenübergreifend ihre wichtige Funktion beibehalten können.Eine Durchsicht der Literatur legt nahe, dass die zentralen Aussagen zu prognostischer Validität und Adressierbarkeit mittels kognitiver Trainings auf Patienten mit affektiven Störungen grundsätzlich ausgeweitet werden kann. Für Rehabilitanden anderer diagnostischer Gruppen liegen kaum Studien zur Erfolgsprognose vor. Es muss aber davon ausgegangen werden, dass bei nur geringen kognitiven Beeinträchtigungen andere Merkmale – z. B. Angst, Metakognitionen und Fähigkeiten der sozialen Kognition – zur Prognoseabschätzung herangezogen werden müssen.
Gefährdungsbeurteilung psychischer Belastung am Arbeitsplatz – (k)ein Thema für Krankenhäuser?
Authors: Parchmann Anna-Mareike , Hamann Johannes , Kissling Werner 
Published: July 2019

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGEinleitung: Im Arbeitsschutzgesetz wurde 2013 explizit der Begriff „Psychische Belastung“ den möglichen Gefährdungen der Gesundheit, hinzugefügt, die der Arbeitgeber im Rahmen einer Gefährdungsbeurteilung erfassen muss. Mitarbeiter im Krankenhaus sind besonderen psychischen Belastungen ausgesetzt.Methode: Es wurde eine narrative thematische Analyse durchgeführt.Ergebnisse: Eine Gefährdungsbeurteilung psychischer Belastungen am Arbeitsplatz findet in Deutschland selten statt, sowohl auf dem allgemeinen Arbeitsmarkt als auch im Krankenhaus. Gründe für die seltene Durchführung sind vor allem fehlende Qualifikation der beteiligten Akteure.Diskussion: Speziell vor dem Hintergrund der hohen arbeitsbedingten Belastungen von Krankenhausmitarbeitern ist zu hoffen, dass in Zukunft häufiger eine Gefährdungsbeurteilung psychischer Belastung durchgeführt wird.
„Under allen Dornen ist kaum ein lieblicher Gewächs“
Authors: Mayer Johannes Gottfried , Niedenthal Tobias 
Published: July 2019

ZusammenfassungDer Weißdorn widersetzt sich sowohl bei den aktuellen wie auch bei den historischen Aspekten gern einer eindeutigen Beurteilung. Ist er ein Strauch oder doch eher ein Baum? Welche Arten sind medizinisch relevant und welche weniger (in Europa werden wenigstens fünf Arten genutzt)? Hinter welchen Namen und Beschreibungen verbergen sich aktuelle Weißdornarten in den historischen Quellen und welche Anwendungen waren wirklich am Weißdorn erprobt? Für welche Erkrankungen kann Weißdorn heute empfohlen werden?
Differential object marking and object scrambling in the Guaraní
language cluster
Authors: Roessler Eva-Maria 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The parallel data discussed in this article suggest that in
Guaraní languages differential objects seem far from being exclusively
highlighted in morphology. Instead, the Guaraní dom systems exhibit a
differential treatment of certain direct objects within narrow syntax. Focusing
on [+animate] direct objects, I supply evidence that [+dom] direct
objects scramble out of their base position into a higher,
vP-internal, projection, namely αP (following López 2012). This
short DO scrambling is derived including data from simple
transitive, ditransitive, and applicative constructions as well as from object
conjunction. The short scrambling within vP is followed by
further direct object dislocation into a higher functional domain, an operation
described in literature as triggered by φ-feature under T° and targeting a
specifier in an expanded functional domain (Freitas 2011b). DOs that move out of their base position may be marked with the overt case marker, homophonous with dat case. The homophony between dat and dom is conceived as morphological opacity in the Guaraní case. Syntactically, however, [+dom] DOs pattern together with their zero-marked acc counterparts, rather than
with indirect objects.
dom as a syntax-pragmatics interface marker
Authors: Khouja Marta 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBuilding on the display ofdomin Catalan and focusing on the Balearic variety, this paper explores this phenomenon arguing for a discourse-driven marking, showing that the assumption that semantic hierarchies as crucial triggers fordomcannot be assumed anymore. We aim to present some ideas to address the correlation between prepositional markings and peripheral positions and to provide arguments for a syntax-pragmatics approach todomin Clitic Dislocation. Our data shed light on the link between information structure – in particular, anaphoricity- and marked objects. This analysis would also account for other markers (i.e.de) available as a mechanism for signalling the same [+anaphoric] feature.
Individual and institutional influences on EU labour market returns to education: a comparison of the effect of the 2008 economic crisis on eight EU countries
Authors: Robert Peter , Saar Ellu , Kazjulja Margarita 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
This paper explores cross-national variations in the impact of education on labour market outcomes using the risk of unemployment and occupational status as the key dependent variables. The study applies a comparative perspective on eight EU countries (three from CEE), representing different relationships between the education system and the labour market with various degrees of inequality, welfare provisions and labour market flexibility. A temporal comparison investigates the influence of the 2008 economic crisis. The study employs data from the European Union Labour Force Survey 2007, 2009 and 2014. Binary and ordinary least squares regressions are the main analytical methods. Models are fitted to the pooled data and interactions are applied to elaborate on country and temporal variations. The analysis reveals the persistence of returns to school investments; the crisis exerts bigger risk and loss for the less educated. However, this impact is markedly shadowed by the institutional variation at the country level. High flexibility and low inequality could provide some defence, while corporatist features and employment protection decreased the crisis effects. Post-communist countries were hit harder but with a characteristic variance: Slovenia was less affected, Estonia recovered the crisis faster and Hungary was affected at most.
Optical study of composite material with nanosized fullerenol inclusions
Authors: Karpunin A E , Pleshakov I V , Proskurina O V , Gerasimov V I , Nechitailov A A , Glebova N V , Varlamov A V , Parfenov M V 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
A composed material in the form of polymer matrix (polyvinyl alcohol) with imbedded nanoparticles of polyhydroxylated fullerene (fullerenol) was studied by optical methods. The host material was selected as a convenient media with such properties as flexibility, optical transparency and water solubility, which was utilized for films fabrication. The samples obtained were investigated by visible and infrared spectroscopy, and also the light scattering was examined at different wavelengths. It was shown that at high concentration of filler it forms clusters with sizes of about tens of nanometers, which is consistent with the data of other works.
2D electron gas density of states at the Fermi level in silicon nanosandwich
Authors: Romanov V V , Bagraev N T , Kozhevnikov V A , Sizykh G K 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The two-dimensional density of states at the Fermi level for integer filling factors was calculated based on the results of observation of the de Haas-van Alphen effect on a silicon nanostructure at room temperature and according to the equilibrium thermodynamics relations.
Advances in the application of electrohydrodynamic fabrication for tissue engineering
Authors: Gryshkov O , Müller M , Leal-Marin S , Mutsenko V , Suresh S , Kapralova V M , Glasmacher B 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Tissue engineering and cell-based therapy approaches require artificial scaffolds as extracellular matrix (ECM) and three-dimensional (3D) environment for clinically relevant cells to attach, be metabolically active and proliferate. Moreover, these constructs must possess mechanical and physical-chemical properties matched with certain implantation site. If all the required conditions are met, a tissue-engineered construct is considered as functional and will regenerate or replace the damaged tissue after implantation. In this work, we give a short overview of so-called electrohydrodynamic approach (EHD), e.g. with an application of electric field, to fabricate nano- and microstructured porous polymeric networks. This includes the application of electrospinning (networks) and electrospraying (micro- and macrospheres) to produce scaffolds and semipermeable hydrogel structures as a basis for tissue engineering and cell-based therapies.
Gas laser energy characteristics with different active element cross section geometry
Authors: Kozhevnikov V A , Privalov V E , Shemanin V G 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The models for estimating the contribution of the cross section geometry to the active medium gain of the gas laser have been considered. A testing of our method for the solving of the Helmholtz equation with different boundary conditions have been fulfilled. The next step is the complication of the model taking into account the distribution of the field intensity in the resonator.