bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Probiotic potential comparison of Lactobacillus strains isolated from Iranian traditional food products and human feces with standard probiotic strains
Authors: Joghataei Mehri , Shahidi Fakhri , Pouladfar Gholamreza , Mortazavi Seyed Ali , Ghaderi Abbas 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDTraditional fermented products are a rich source of microorganisms which may have remarkable probiotic properties even more significant than probiotic strains of human origin. In this study three Lactobacillus plantarum and one Lactobacillus fermentum strains, isolated from either Iranian traditionally fermented products or children's feces, identified with molecular methods and selected based on high acid resistance, were investigated for their probiotic properties in vitro and compared with standard probiotic strains of the species; L. plantarum ATCC 14917, L. fermentum PTCC 1744 and L. acidophilus ATCC 4356.RESULTSMost of the isolates showed a high survival rate under gastrointestinal tract conditions and L. plantarum strains displayed a moderate ability to adhere to human colon adenocarcinoma cell line, HT‐29. Neutralized cell free culture supernatants of L. plantarum strains were capable of inhibiting pathogens. Almost all of the strains were resistant to vancomycin and streptomycin and susceptible to other clinically relevant antibiotics. Isolated strains exhibited low to moderate autoaggregation (Auto‐A), co‐aggregation (Co‐A) and hydrophobicity, following a strain specific manner. None of the strains invaded into HT‐29 cells while strain PF11 could significantly decrease the number of adhering pathogenic bacteria. Most of the strains increased apoptosis of HT‐29 cells, though they had no effect on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).CONCLUSIONFavorable probiotic properties of strains PL4 and PF11 along with their anticancer activity imply their potential for clinical or technological applications. However, further in vitro/in vivo investigations are recommended. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Correlation of salivary and nasal lavage pepsin with MII‐pH testing
Authors: Klimara Miles J. , Johnston Nikki , Samuels Tina L. , Visotcky Alexis M. , Poetker David M. , Loehrl Todd A. , Blumin Joel H. , Bock Jonathan M. 
Published: July 2019

ObjectivesLaryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) is a common upper airway disease. Salivary pepsin is a proposed marker for LPR; however, the optimal time for collection of specimens for pepsin detection and pepsin's presence in the oral and nasal secretions relative to concurrent multichannel intraluminal impedance‐pH (MII‐pH) monitoring are unknown.Study DesignProspective case‐control study with an experimental design.MethodsPatients undergoing MII‐pH testing for evaluation of LPR and asymptomatic control subjects were selected. Nasal lavage and saliva samples were collected in the clinic prior to MII‐pH probe placement. Additional saliva samples were obtained an hour after each meal and upon waking the following morning. Nasal lavage and salivary pepsin were measured by ELISA.ResultsTwenty‐six patients undergoing MII‐pH testing and 13 reflux‐free control patients were enrolled. Salivary pepsin was detected in 11 of 26 patients with suspected LPR and 0 of 13 controls. Pepsin was most frequently detected in the specimen provided upon waking at an average concentration of 186.9 ng/mL. A significant correlation was observed between salivary pepsin in waking samples to MII‐pH measurements, including reflux bolus duration, and proximal and distal recumbent reflux episodes (P < 0.05). A significant correlation was also observed between salivary pepsin upon waking or sinus lavage and reflux symptom index (P < 0.05).ConclusionPepsin in salivary and nasal lavage samples demonstrated an association with MII‐pH‐documented LPR. Pepsin detection was most frequent in morning samples, supporting use of morning salivary pepsin levels as a potential noninvasive technique for LPR diagnosis.Level of Evidence2 Laryngoscope, 130:961–966, 2020
Nanodiamond Integration with Photonic Devices
Authors: Radulaski Marina , Zhang Jingyuan Linda , Tzeng Yan‐Kai , Lagoudakis Konstantinos G. , Ishiwata Hitoshi , Dory Constantin , Fischer Kevin A. , Kelaita Yousif A. , Sun Shuo , Maurer Peter C. , Alassaad Kassem , Ferro Gabriel , Shen Zhi‐Xun , Melosh Nicholas A. , Chu Steven , Vučković Jelena 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe progress in integration of nanodiamond with photonic devices is analyzed in the light of quantum optical applications. Nanodiamonds host a variety of optically active defects, called color centers, which provide rich ground for photonic engineering. Theoretical introduction describing light and matter interaction between optical modes and a quantum emitter is presented, including the role of the Debye–Waller factor typical of color center emission. The synthesis of diamond nanoparticles is discussed in an overview of methods leading to experimentally realized hybrid platforms of nanodiamond with gallium phosphide, silicon dioxide, and silicon carbide. The trade‐offs in the substrate index of refraction values are reviewed in the context of the achieved strength of light and matter interaction. Thereby, the recent results on the growth of color center‐rich nanodiamond on prefabricated silicon carbide microdisk resonators are presented. These hybrid devices achieve up to fivefold enhancement of the diamond color‐center light emission and can be employed in integrated quantum photonics.
Toll‐like receptor 4 polymorphisms in Saudi population with cardiovascular diseases
Authors: Semlali Abdelhabib , Al Mutairi Mikhlid , Oqla Alanazi Ibrahim , Awad Aljohi Hasan , Reddy Parine Narasimha , Alhadheq Abdullah , Al‐Jafari Abdulaziz A. , Mobeirek Abdulelah F. , Al Amri Abdullah , Shaik Jilani P. , Filali Fatima‐zohra , Alanazi Mohammad 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundToll‐like receptors play a substantial role in innate immunity and the effects of TLR4 genetic variants on cardiovascular diseases are still largely unknown. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effects of TLR4 polymorphisms on cardiovascular diseases risk in the Saudi population.MethodsThree tag single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (rs2770150, rs10759931, and rs4986790) in TLR4 were studied on 222 unrelated patients with cardiovascular diseases and 190 healthy volunteers.ResultsWe found that, in patients over 60 years old, the frequency of the TT genotype in rs2770150 and the variant allele G in rs10759931 were higher compared to the control group. Based on gender, the genotype frequency of rs2770150 increases the risk for cardiovascular diseases in female patients by 3.6‐fold. The allele frequency for the G allele of rs10759931 increased the risk for CVDs in male patients by more than 1.5‐fold. Furthermore, the genotype frequency of rs2770150 had a significant association with cardiovascular diseases in patients without hypertension and G allele of rs10759931 significantly increased the risk of cardiovascular diseases in patients that smoked. After Bonferroni correction only patients without hypertension showed significant risk of CVD with rs2770150.ConclusionA deeper understanding of the genetic variability of TLR4 will enable us to better identification of biomarkers for early detection and prognosis, and also enhance the decision‐making process of treatments for cardiovascular diseases.
Long noncoding RNA HOTTIP is associated with male infertility and promotes testicular embryonal carcinoma cell proliferation
Authors: Su Yang , Zhou Ling‐Ling , Zhang Yu‐Qing , Ni Liang‐Yu 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundIt has been proposed that lncRNAs, widely transcribed from genomes, play pivotal regulatory roles in a variety of biological processes, but their function in regulating spermatogenesis in human males is rarely reported.MethodsQRT‐PCR was adopted to detect HOTTIP expression level in testicular tissues from hypospermatogenesis (Hypo) patients or controls. The proliferation levels of NT2 and 293T were measured via CCK‐8 and EdU detection. Meanwhile, luciferase reporter gene assay and bioinformatics analysis were carried out to identify a target of HOTTIP. Additionally, the underlying mechanism of HOTTIP’s function was investigated using western blotting and RIP analysis.ResultsThe research results manifested that the expression of HOTTIP in testicular tissues from Hypo patients was prominently reduced in comparison with that in control testicular tissues. Interestingly, it was noted that HOTTIP exhibited a high expression in testicular embryonal carcinoma cell line NT2 compared with that in normal control cell line 293T. It was denoted in cell function evaluation that cell proliferation was impeded by downregulated HOTTIP but evidently stimulated by overexpressed HOTTIP. Moreover, HOTTIP was capable of positively modulating HOXA13 expression via the competitive binding to miR‐128‐3p.ConclusionTherefore, HOTTIP acting as ceRNAs to promote testicular embryonal carcinoma cell proliferation.
Impact of skeletal muscle mass volume on surgical site infection in free flap reconstruction for oral cancer
Authors: Makiguchi Takaya , Yamaguchi Takahiro , Nakamura Hideharu , Suzuki Keisuke , Harimoto Norifumi , Shirabe Ken , Yokoo Satoshi 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundSarcopenia is a disease in which skeletal muscle mass (SMM) and function are progressively lost. Here, we investigate surgical site infection (SSI) as a function of SMM in patients who underwent free flap reconstruction for a defect caused by oral cancer resection.MethodsA nonrandomized, retrospective group of 122 patients treated with free flap reconstruction after oral cancer resection was enrolled in the study. All subjects also underwent preoperative abdominal‐lumbar computed tomography (CT). Cross‐sectional areas (cm2) of skeletal muscles in the L3 region were measured by manual outline on CT images. The obtained areas were normalized for height (cm2/m2), and the resulting value is referred to as the skeletal muscle index (SMI).ResultsRecipient site SSI occurred in 30 patients (24.6%). Underweight status (body mass index [BMI] < 18.5 kg/m2), anemia and lower SMI were significantly related to recipient site SSI in univariate analysis (p < . 05). In multiple logistic regression analysis, lower SMI was an independent significant risk factor for recipient site SSI (p = .015, adjusted odds ratio = 1.41 per 5 cm2/m2 decrease).ConclusionsThese findings suggest that a decrease in SMM might have more impact than a decrease in BMI on SSI in free flap reconstruction after resection of oral cancer.
Modeling of Anionic Polymerization of Isoprene in an Industrial Reactor
Authors: Rodriguez‐Guadarrama Luis 
Published: July 2019

AbstractOne of the most important reasons for modeling polymerization processes is to provide a tool for estimating the risks of runaway reactions in polymer industry. This is especially important for batch processes, such as anionic polymerization of isoprene or butadiene. This work presents a theoretical and experimental research of the anionic polymerization of isoprene using cyclohexane as solvent and n‐butyllithium as initiator. In the first part, a phenomenological kinetic expression is obtained that describes the anionic polymerization of isoprene initiated by n‐butyllithium in cyclohexane. In the second, the mass and energy balance equations are solved to model the anionic polymerization of isoprene in a quasi‐adiabatic batch reactor. Adjustment of reactor parameters is made using the data obtained from a laboratory reactor. The proposed model predicts adequately the obtained temperature, pressure, and conversion profiles from this set of experiments. Finally, a mathematical model is developed to predict the behavior for the anionic polymerization of isoprene in an industrial reactor.
Examining the influence of organizational characteristics on nonprofit commercialization
Authors: Suykens Ben , De Rynck Filip , Verschuere Bram 
Published: July 2019

AbstractA growing body of literature discusses the (dis)advantages of nonprofit organizations becoming commercial by engaging in the sale of organizational services and products. However, when explaining this phenomenon, scholars tend to focus on resource uncertainty, thereby disregarding the organizational ability to commercialize. Complementing resource dependency theory with insights from contingency theory, this study presents arguments drawn from a comparative case study of six sociocultural nonprofits in Belgium. We find that, when resource uncertainty is similar, organizational differences in terms of commercial income can be explained by differences in (a) organizational origins, (b) professional capacity, and (c) types of tasks. We conclude that organizational characteristics can either enable or disable the ability of nonprofits to commercialize and consequently their ability to self‐sustain in an increasing challenging resource environment.
Effect of Overweight and Obesity on High Blood Pressure in Chinese Children and Adolescents
Authors: Dong Yanhui , Jan Catherine , Zou Zhiyong , Dong Bin , Wang Zhenghe , Yang Zhaogeng , Li Yanhui , Wen Bo , Ma Yinghua , Song Yi , Ma Jun , Sawyer Susan M. , Patton George C. 
Published: July 2019

ObjectiveThis study aimed to compare the secular trends of high blood pressure (HBP) and the effects of overweight and obesity on HBP between Chinese ethnic minority and Han children and adolescents .MethodsData were collected from 224,151 Chinese ethnic minority and 664,094 Han children and adolescents aged 7 to 18 years during three successive, national cross‐sectional surveys (2005, 2010, and 2014). Logistic regression and population‐attributable risk analyses were used to evaluate the association between HBP and overweight and obesity.ResultsHBP prevalence in ethnic minorities increased from 4.8% in 2005 to 6.3% in 2014, which was significantly higher than the variable HBP trends (4.1% to 5.5%) in Han children and adolescents. Both ethnic minority and Han children and adolescents experienced a rapid increase in overweight and obesity, but the pace of growth for HBP, overweight, and obesity was faster in ethnic minorities than in their Han peers. Moreover, the effects of obesity on HBP in ethnic minorities showed a sustained increase over time but were stable for the Han.ConclusionsHigher HBP prevalence, faster obesity increases, and a stronger impact of obesity on HBP in children and adolescents of Chinese ethnic minorities predict their looming burden of HBP, which suggests that attention to the cardiovascular disease risks in children and adolescents from ethnic minorities is indicated to reduce their future adult risk.
Dereplication of podophyllotoxin and related cytotoxic lignans in Hyptis verticillata by ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Fragoso‐Serrano Mabel , Pereda‐Miranda Rogelio 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIntroductionHyptis verticillata Jacq. (Lamiaceae) is a Mexican medicinal plant for the treatment of skin infections and illness affecting the respiratory and gastrointestinal systems.ObjectiveTo associate the efficient resolution provided by ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography combined to the accuracy of a hybrid Fourier‐transform (FT) mass spectrometer in order to dereplicate podophyllotoxin‐type lignans in a plant extract.MethodsAn ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography‐photodiode array‐high resolution electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC‐PDA‐HRESI‐MS/MS) method was applied in an Orbitrap hybrid FT spectrometer for dereplication of podophyllotoxin and related cytotoxic lignans in wild bushmint. This procedure included high‐resolution mass values for positively charged ions [M + H]+ and [M + NH4]+, MS/MS data, and comparison of UV maxima and retention times with pure compounds.ResultsPodophyllotoxin in addition to seven aryltetralins, four arylnaphthalenes, and one dibenzylbutyrolactone were dereplicated from the methanol extract in a short‐time analysis (5 min). 4′‐O‐Demethyl‐dehydro‐deoxypodophyllotoxin was identified as a new natural product.ConclusionThe applied UHPLC‐MS/MS dereplication method is suitable for a rapid analysis of podophyllotoxin‐type lignans and the resulting chemical fingerprinting could be valuable in quality control of herbal drugs and their phytopharmaceuticals.
Fetal phenotypes emerge as genetic technologies become robust
Authors: Gray Kathryn J. , Wilkins‐Haug Louise E. , Herrig Nancy J. , Vora Neeta L. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPrenatal genomic evaluation of the fetus is available at decreasing cost and with a faster turnaround time. However, fetal genotype‐phenotype correlations are in their infancy. By comparison, pediatric and adult genotype‐phenotype databases are well established and publicly accessible. A similar system for fetal genomics is lacking. When a fetal anomaly is identified by ultrasound imaging, a genetic diagnosis provides important information. However, fetal prognostic counseling is problematic if the only available information is based on outcomes following postnatal diagnoses. The same conditions identified prenatally may have more benign or more deleterious outcomes. Also, the condition may evolve over the pregnancy itself. As genomic testing increasingly examines fetal DNA at a single nucleotide level, the concomitant in utero phenotype deserves equal attention. Often, the reports of fetal phenotype are limited. Among sonologists, an increased awareness of attaining and communicating detailed fetal phenotypes is needed. The interpretation of expanded prenatal sequencing is reliant on deeper fetal phenotyping. The information gained significantly impacts clinical care and understanding of fetal development. This case series highlights: the broad spectrum of fetal phenotypes for known genetic conditions, phenotype progression during pregnancy, and the need to supplement systematic imaging with descriptive details when assessing fetuses with malformations.
MS2‐Deisotoper: A Tool for Deisotoping High‐Resolution MS/MS Spectra in Normal and Heavy Isotope‐Labelled Samples
Authors: Tay Aidan P. , Liang Angelita , Hamey Joshua J. , Hart‐Smith Gene , Wilkins Marc R. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractHigh‐resolution MS/MS spectra of peptides can be deisotoped to identify monoisotopic masses of peptide fragments. The use of such masses should improve protein identification rates. However, deisotoping is not universally used and its benefits have not been fully explored. Here, MS2‐Deisotoper, a tool for use prior to database search, is used to identify monoisotopic peaks in centroided MS/MS spectra. MS2‐Deisotoper works by comparing the mass and relative intensity of each peptide fragment peak to every other peak of greater mass, and by applying a set of rules concerning mass and intensity differences. After comprehensive parameter optimization, it is shown that MS2‐Deisotoper can improve the number of peptide spectrum matches (PSMs) identified by up to 8.2% and proteins by up to 2.8%. It is effective with SILAC and non‐SILAC MS/MS data. The identification of unique peptide sequences is also improved, increasing the number of human proteoforms by 3.7%. Detailed investigation of results shows that deisotoping increases Mascot ion scores, improves FDR estimation for PSMs, and leads to greater protein sequence coverage. At a peptide level, it is found that the efficacy of deisotoping is affected by peptide mass and charge. MS2‐Deisotoper can be used via a user interface or as a command‐line tool.
Synthesis of arborescent polystyrene by “click” grafting
Authors: Gauthier Mario , Aridi Toufic 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTA method was developed for the synthesis of arborescent polystyrene by “click” coupling. Acetylene functionalities were introduced on linear polystyrene (Mn = 5300 g/mol, Mw/Mn = 1.05) by acetylation and reaction with potassium hydroxide, 18‐crown‐6 and propargyl bromide in toluene. Polymerization of styrene with 6‐tert‐butyldimethylsiloxyhexyllithium yielded polystyrene (Mn = 5200 g/mol, Mw/Mn = 1.09) with a protected hydroxyl chain end. Deprotection, followed by conversions to tosyl and azide functionalities, provided the side chain material. Coupling with CuBr and N,N,N′,N″,N″‐pentamethyldiethylenetriamine proceeded in up to 94% yield. Repetition of the grafting cycles led to well‐defined (Mw/Mn ≤ 1.1) polymers of generations G1 and G2 in 84% and 60% yield, respectively, with Mn and branching functionalities reaching 2.8 × 106 g/mol and 460, respectively, for the G2 polymer. Coupling longer (Mn = 45,000 g/mol) side chains with acetylene‐functionalized substrates was also examined. For a linear substrate, a G0 polymer with Mn = 4.6 × 105 g/mol and Mw/Mn = 1.10 was obtained in 87% yield; coupling with the G0 (Mn = 52,000 g/mol) substrate produced a G1 polymer (Mn = 1.4×106 g/mol, Mw/Mn = 1.38) in 28% yield. The complementary approach using azide‐functionalized substrates and acetylene‐terminated side chains was also investigated, but proceeded in lower yield. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2019, 57, 1730–1740
Synthesis of thioether‐functional poly(olefin)s via ruthenium‐alkylidene initiated ring‐opening metathesis polymerization
Authors: Gandra Upendar Reddy , Podiyanachari Santhosh Kumar , Hlil Antsar R. , Kulai Ihor , Al‐Meer Saeed , Al‐Hashimi Mohammed , Bazzi Hassan S. 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTRing‐opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) of thioether‐derived oxanorbornene imide (M1) and its copolymerization with various cycloolefin comonomers such as cyclopentene (M2), cyclopent‐3‐en‐1‐ol (M3), cycloheptene (M4), and cyclooctene (M5) using Hoveyda–Grubbs second generation catalyst has been investigated. Polymerizations were performed at two different temperatures (0 and 25 °C) and the obtained functional poly(olefin)s were characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance 1H and 13C (NMR), and infrared spectroscopy as well as size exclusion chromatography, differential scanning calorimetry, and thermogravimetric analysis analyses. Additionally, the dependence of the polymer composition on the reaction temperature and monomer feed was studied with time‐dependent 1H NMR experiments. Copolymerization of M1 with a five‐membered cycloolefin monomer M2 showed relatively low ROMP reactivity irrespective of the reaction conditions in comparison to M3, M4, and M5 monomers. In general, the degree of monomer incorporation into poly(olefin)s were determined in the order of M5 > M3 > M4 > M2, and that sheds light on the effect of cycloolefin ring strain energies in the ruthenium‐alkylidene initiated ROMP. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2019, 57, 1741–1747