bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Highly Stable and Stretchable Conductive Films through Thermal‐Radiation‐Assisted Metal Encapsulation
Authors: Liu Zhiyuan , Wang Hui , Huang Pingao , Huang Jianping , Zhang Yu , Wang Yuanyuan , Yu Mei , Chen Shixiong , Qi Dianpeng , Wang Ting , Jiang Ying , Chen Geng , Hu Guoyu , Li Wenlong , Yu Jiancan , Luo Yifei , Loh Xian Jun , Liedberg Bo , Li Guanglin , Chen Xiaodong 
Published: July 2019

AbstractStretchable conductors are the basic units of advanced flexible electronic devices, such as skin‐like sensors, stretchable batteries and soft actuators. Current fabrication strategies are mainly focused on the stretchability of the conductor with less emphasis on the huge mismatch of the conductive material and polymeric substrate, which results in stability issues during long‐term use. Thermal‐radiation‐assisted metal encapsulation is reported to construct an interlocking layer between polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and gold by employing a semipolymerized PDMS substrate to encapsulate the gold clusters/atoms during thermal deposition. The stability of the stretchable conductor is significantly enhanced based on the interlocking effect of metal and polymer, with high interfacial adhesion (>2 MPa) and cyclic stability (>10 000 cycles). Also, the conductor exhibits superior properties such as high stretchability (>130%) and large active surface area (>5:1 effective surface area/geometrical area). It is noted that this method can be easily used to fabricate such a stretchable conductor in a wafer‐scale format through a one‐step process. As a proof of concept, both long‐term implantation in an animal model to monitor intramuscular electric signals and on human skin for detection of biosignals are demonstrated. This design approach brings about a new perspective on the exploration of stretchable conductors for biomedical applications.
Expanding the phenotypic spectrum of MBOAT7‐related intellectual disability
Authors: Jacher Joseph E. , Roy Nikita , Ghaziuddin Mohammad , Innis Jeffrey W. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractMBOAT7 gene pathogenic variants are a newly discovered and rare cause for intellectual disability, autism spectrum disorder (ASD), seizures, truncal hypotonia, appendicular hypertonia, and below average head sizes (ranging from −1 to −3 standard deviations). There have been only 16 individuals previously reported who have MBOAT7‐related intellectual disability, all of whom were younger than 10 years old and from consanguineous relationships. Thus, there is a lack of phenotypic information for adolescent and adult individuals with this disorder. Medical genetics and psychiatric evaluations in a 14‐year‐old female patient with a history of global developmental delay, intellectual disability, overgrowth with macrocephaly, metrorrhagia, seizures, basal ganglia hyperintensities, nystagmus, strabismus with amblyopia, ASD, anxiety, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), aggressive outbursts, and hyperphagia included a karyotype, methylation polymerase chain reaction for Prader‐Willi/Angelman syndrome, chromosome microarray, and whole exome sequencing (WES), ADOS2, and ADI‐R. WES identified a homozygous, likely pathogenic variant in the MBOAT7 gene (c.855‐2A>G). This is the oldest known patient with MBOAT7‐related intellectual disability, whose unique features compared with previously described individuals include overgrowth with macrocephaly, metrorrhagia, ophthalmological abnormalities, basal ganglia hyperintensities, unspecified anxiety disorder, and ADHD; combined type; and hyperphagia with the absence of appendicular hypertonia and cortical atrophy. More individuals need to be identified in order to delineate the full clinical spectrum of this disorder.
Clinical validation of the olfactory detection threshold module of the Snap & Sniff® olfactory test system
Authors: Doty Richard L. , Wylie Crystal , Potter Mark , Beston Rachel , Cope Brooke , Majam Kelsey 
Published: July 2019

BackgroundQuantitative olfactory testing is essential to determine the validity and nature of a patient's complaint, accurately monitor changes in function over time (including influences of pharmacological, surgical, or immunological interventions), detect malingering, and establish disability compensation. This work describes the clinical validation of an advanced rapid odor detection threshold test that standardizes odorant delivery and eliminates unsanitary sniff bottles, the need for blindfolds, and the possibility of touching an odorant stimulus to the nose.MethodsSnap & Sniff® single‐staircase phenyl ethyl alcohol detection thresholds (S&S‐Ts) were assessed bilaterally in 736 patients with chemosensory complaints; 421 received both bilateral and unilateral testing. The results were correlated with scores from the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT) and the Smell Threshold Test (STT), a widely‐used standardized threshold test. Test‐retest reliability data were obtained for 50 patients.ResultsS&S‐Ts were highly reliable (Spearman r = 0.84), correlated with the other olfactory test measures (rs > 0.65, ps < 0.0001), and required significantly shorter administration times than the STT (<10 minutes). Bilateral thresholds were systematically lower than unilateral thresholds, a phenomenon independent of presentation order but dependent upon the better functioning side of the nose. The S&S‐Ts were sensitive to age and sex. No systematic left:right nasal side threshold differences were evident.ConclusionThe present study validates the use of Snap & Sniff® technology in the clinic setting. High test‐retest reliability and brief administration times were evident. The S&S‐T test allows for a reliable, valid, inexpensive, and rapid clinical means for quantitatively assessing human olfactory sensitivity.
Die Gifte‐Skala
Authors: Strey Karsten 
Published: July 2019

ZusammenfassungEs gibt weit über 154 Millionen chemische Verbindungen. Alle Substanzen können theoretisch giftig sein. Wie Paracelsus schon vor fast 500 Jahren festgestellt hat, macht die Dosis das Gift. Tatsächlich unterscheiden sich die Giftpotenziale von Wasser, dem ungiftigsten Stoff, und Botulinum‐Toxin, dem giftigsten bekannten Stoff, in einem astronomischen Ausmaß. Eine einfache logarithmische Darstellung vereinheitlicht und veranschaulicht verschiedene akute Toxizitäten und weist Wasser den Wert 1 und dem Botulinum‐Toxin 13,5 zu.
Rate‐responsive pacing and atrial high rate episodes in cardiac resynchronization therapy patients: Is low heart rate the key?
Authors: Biffi Mauro , D'Onofrio Antonio , Pignalberi Carlo , Pisanò Ennio C. , Iacopino Saverio , Curnis Antonio , Senatore Gaetano , Capucci Alessandro , Della Bella Paolo , Calvi Valeria , Zanotto Gabriele , Caravati Fabrizio , Maglia Giampiero , Manzo Michele , Santamaria Matteo , Ziacchi Matteo , Lissoni Fabio , Giacopelli Daniele , Gargaro Alessio , Solimene Francesco 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe role of atrial rate‐responsive (RR) pacing in cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is unclear due to the favorable effect of rate lowering in systolic heart failure. Atrial high rate episodes (AHREs) in CRT recipients are particularly worrisome since they cause loss of CRT, beyond representing a stroke risk factor.HypothesisThe presence of an association between RR and the incidence of AHREs.MethodsDaily remote transmissions from 836 CRT recipients were analyzed. AHREs were classified by duration: ≥15 minutes, ≥5 hours, and ≥ 24 hours. Variables possibly associated to AHREs were included in time‐dependent proportional‐hazard models, averaging over 30‐day periods and adjusting for main baseline variables.ResultsAfter a median follow‐up of 23.9 (12.2‐36.0) months, 507 (60.6%) patients experienced at least one 15‐minute AHRE. RR function was programmed in 166 (19.8%) patients and was associated with an increased AHRE occurrence rate with hazard ratio (HR) ranging from 1.45 to 1.78 for the 3 cutoffs of episode duration. The negative effect of RR function was not observed in the subset of patients with low mean heart rate (<68 bpm). Higher mean heart rates increased AHRE risk (HR:1.02, P = .01), while CRT amount decreased it (HR:0.98, P < .01). The extent of atrial pacing did not predict AHRE occurrence.ConclusionsRR pacing in CRT recipients is associated with increased AHRE occurrence, especially when an average heart rate > 68 bpm is attained.
Systematic review of international guidelines for perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis in Head & Neck Surgery. A YO‐IFOS Head & Neck Study Group Position Paper
Authors: Chiesa‐Estomba Carlos Miguel , Lechien Jérome R. , Fakhry Nicolas , Melkane Antoine , Calvo‐Henriquez Christian , de Siati Daniele , Gonzalez‐Garcia Jose Angel , Fagan Johannes Jacobus , Ayad Tareck 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundSurgical site infection (SSI) is defined as an infection that occurs after a surgical incision or organ manipulation during surgery. The frequency reported for clean head and neck surgical procedures without antimicrobial prophylaxis is <1%. In contrast, infection rates in patients undergoing complicated cancer surgery are high, ranging from 24% to 87% of patients without antimicrobial prophylaxis.MethodsGuidelines and recommendations about the use of antibiotics in head and neck surgery from 2004 to 2019 were reviewed.ResultsFour guidelines from Oceania, 5 from South America, 5 from North America, 2 from the United Kingdom, 11 from Europe, 1 from Africa, 1 from the Middle East, and 3 from Asia were included. A total of 118 papers were included for analysis and recommendation.ConclusionAntibiotic prophylaxis can decrease the incidence of SSI. However, the risks associated with antibiotic exposure and the risk of antibiotic resistance need to be taken into consideration.
Immunological implications of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling in persistent infections
Authors: Mukherjee Tanushree , Balaji Kithiganahalli Narayanaswamy 
Published: July 2019

AbstractInfectious diseases account for a large proportion of global health emergencies and are rising more so owing to the paucity of effective vaccination and chemotherapeutic strategies. The severity is compounded by the development of antibiotic resistance among major pathogenic strains, capable of residing in the hostile host microenvironment by hijacking its signaling mechanisms and molecular circuitry. Among such processes, studies on epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) have revealed specific contributions of this classical oncogenic signaling axis during distinct infection conditions. Here, we review the current status of EGFR family members in the context of host–pathogen interactions and speculate the possible dimensions of exploration and manipulation of the EGFR pathway for host‐directed therapeutic purposes.
Real options with endogenous convenience yield
Authors: Cheng Yiying , Clark Steven P. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractTraditional real options theory highlights the impact of risk on the timing of investment decisions. However, in practice, corporate projects often involve a preliminary exploratory stage, incurring a running cost and convenience yield. By analogy with commodity futures theories, we model such multistage corporate projects in a feedback‐control framework, with a dynamic aggregate convenience yield/running cost that interacts with the decisions to enter or exit the preliminary stage. We provide a closed‐form solution for this compound options model. The solution provides insight and quantifies of the optimal strategy for prevalent corporate projects with a preliminary exploration stage.
Corrole‐based photodynamic antitumor therapy
Authors: Jiang Xiao , Liu Rui‐Xue , Liu Hai‐Yang , Chang Chi K. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractStudy of photodynamic therapy (PDT) based on corroles has become one of the most important topics in corrole chemistry. Advances in synthetic methodology have made it possible for the preparation of structurally diverse corrole photosensitizers. This review covers the recent progress in the study of corrole as a photosensitizer in the photodynamic antitumor therapy. The content is organized in three sections: cellular uptaking and localization of corrole in tumor cells; morphological changes and cytotoxicity after corrole PDT treatment; and the animal level corrole PDT test. The possible mechanism of corrole‐based PDT antitumor activity is also summarized.
Effect of Itraconazole or Rifampin on Itacitinib Pharmacokinetics When Administered Orally in Healthy Subjects
Authors: Barbour April M. , Punwani Naresh , Epstein Noam , Landman Robert , Cimino Evan , Yuska Brad , Wang Phillip , He Kevin , Chen Xuejun , Yeleswaram Swamy 
Published: July 2019

AbstractItacitinib is a potent, selective JAK‐1 inhibitor currently in phase 3 development for the treatment of acute and chronic graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD) in combination with corticosteroids. Itacitinib is primarily eliminated via metabolism by cytochrome P‐450 (CYP)3A4 with minimal renal elimination. A drug‐drug interaction study was conducted to evaluate the impact of the strong CYP3A inhibitor itraconazole or the strong CYP3A4 inducer rifampin on the pharmacokinetics of itacitinib in healthy volunteers. In cohort 1, subjects received 200 mg sustained release (SR) tablets of itacitinib on days 1 and 6 and 200 mg itraconazole on days 2‐7. In cohort 2, subjects received 200 mg SR itacitinib on days 1 and 9 and 600 mg rifampin on days 2‐9. Thirty‐six subjects were enrolled, 18 in each cohort with 17 completing itacitinib dosing in cohort 1 and 15 completing itacitinib dosing in cohort 2. Coadministration of itraconazole with itacitinib resulted in a nearly 5‐fold increase in area under the concentration‐time curve (AUC0‐∞) (geometric mean ratio [GMR] 4.88, 90%Cl 4.17‐5.72) and an ∼3‐fold increase in peak concentration (Cmax) (GMR 3.15, 90%Cl 2.58‐3.54). Coadministration of rifampin with itacitinib resulted in a nearly 80% decrease in AUC0‐∞ (GMR 0.208, 90%Cl 0.173, 0.249) and Cmax (GMR 0.231, 90%Cl 0.195, 0.274). Results of this study informed the study design of the phase 3 GVHD protocols with regard to coadministration of strong CYP3A inhibitors and CYP3A4 inducers. These data combined with phase 3 data will inform final dosing recommendations.
Fetal tricuspid regurgitation in second trimester of pregnancies at risk for fetal chromosomal defects
Authors: Benchamanon Rutporn , Suwanrath Chitkasaem , Pranpanus Savitree 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPurposeTo determine the prevalence and screening performance for detection of Down syndrome of fetal tricuspid regurgitation in the second trimester of pregnancies at risk for fetal chromosomal defects.MethodsA prospective study was carried out on pregnant women at risk for fetal chromosomal defects who had amniocentesis or cordocentesis for fetal karyotyping at 16 to 23 weeks' gestation, between February 2017 and January 2018. An assessment of the fetal tricuspid valve was conducted before any invasive procedure. Tricuspid regurgitation was defined as flow reversal for at least half of systole, with a maximum velocity of ≥100 cm/s.ResultsIn the 486 cases studies, fetal tricuspid regurgitation was found in 21 (4.3%), and 10 fetuses had Down syndrome. The tricuspid regurgitation was found in 15 (3.2%) of the 462 euploid fetuses, in 5 (50%) of the Down syndrome fetuses, and in 1 (7.1%) of the fetuses with other chromosome abnormalities. Tricuspid regurgitation was found as an isolated marker in 2 of the 10 Down syndrome fetuses. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value to screen for Down syndrome were 50%, 96.8%, 25%, and 98.9%, respectively.ConclusionsTricuspid regurgitation showed a high prevalence in fetal Down syndrome at the gestational age of 16 to 23 weeks and was an isolated marker in 20% of them.
Dielectric spectroscopy technique for detection of human respiratory syncytial virus
Authors: Cho Young Seek , Tien Trinh Thi Thuy , Yeo Seon‐Ju 
Published: July 2019

AbstractHuman respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) can be serious for infants and older adults, though it is considered a common respiratory virus for most people. Rapid and sensitive detection of RSV is important for minimizing infection, and an effective diagnostic method is still in demand. Dielectric spectroscopy is a technique for measuring the complex permittivity spectra of a material‐under‐test (MUT). The spectra can provide a unique fingerprint of the MUT for higher detection accuracy. In this article, a dielectric spectroscopy technique, which uses an open‐ended coaxial probe submerged in aqueous biological materials, is presented for the detection of RSV. From the reflection coefficients at the end of an open‐ended coaxial probe, complex permittivity spectra over the frequency range of 0.1‐26.5 GHz are extracted and used to characterize the three different biological materials: RSV, RSV + an antibody targeting the RSV, and bovine serum albumin (BSA), which is used as a negative control sample in this article. It is shown that the RSV and RSV + antibody can be differentiated from BSA by three distinct features: (a) the real part of the complex permittivity spectra, (b) the ionic loss characteristic below 1 GHz, and (c) the relaxation frequency. These three features enable us to identify the presence of RSV in an aqueous biological material.
Timely exposure of a secret project: Which activities to monitor?
Authors: Hermans Ben , Hamers Herbert , Leus Roel , Lindelauf Roy 
Published: July 2019

AbstractA defender wants to detect as quickly as possible whether some attacker is secretly conducting a project that could harm the defender. Security services, for example, need to expose a terrorist plot in time to prevent it. The attacker, in turn, schedules his activities so as to remain undiscovered as long as possible. One pressing question for the defender is: which of the project's activities to focus intelligence efforts on? We model the situation as a zero‐sum game, establish that a late‐start schedule defines a dominant attacker strategy, and describe a dynamic program that yields a Nash equilibrium for the zero‐sum game. Through an innovative use of cooperative game theory, we measure the harm reduction thanks to each activity's intelligence effort, obtain insight into what makes intelligence effort more effective, and show how to identify opportunities for further harm reduction. We use a detailed example of a nuclear weapons development project to demonstrate how a careful trade‐off between time and ease of detection can reduce the harm significantly.
Sparse hierarchical solvers with guaranteed convergence
Authors: Yang Kai , Pouransari Hadi , Darve Eric 
Published: July 2019

SummarySolving sparse linear systems from discretized partial differential equations is challenging. Direct solvers have, in many cases, quadratic complexity (depending on geometry), while iterative solvers require problem dependent preconditioners to be robust and efficient. Approximate factorization preconditioners such as incomplete LU factorization provide cheap approximations to the system matrix. However, even a highly accurate preconditioner may have deteriorating performance when the condition number of the system matrix increases. By increasing the accuracy on low‐frequency errors, we propose a novel hierarchical solver with improved robustness with respect to the condition number of the linear system. This solver retains the linear computational cost and memory footprint of the original algorithm.
Quetiapine extended‐release vs olanzapine for Japanese patients with bipolar depression: A Bayesian analysis
Authors: Kishi Taro , Ikuta Toshikazu , Matsuda Yuki , Iwata Nakao 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectiveIt is unknown whether there are differences in efficacy and safety between quetiapine extended‐release, 300 mg/d (QUEXR300), and olanzapine, 5‐20 mg/d (OLA), for Japanese patients with bipolar depression.MethodsWe conducted a Bayesian analysis of data from phase 3 studies in Japan of QUEXR300 and OLA. Outcomes were remission rate (primary), response rate, improvement on the Montgomery‐Åsberg Depression Rating Scale and 17‐item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale scores, discontinuation rate, and incidence of individual adverse events. We calculated the standardized mean difference (SMD) and the risk ratio (RR) and 95% credible interval (95% CrI) for continuous and dichotomous data, respectively.ResultsThere were no significant differences between QUEXR300 and OLA for any of the efficacy outcomes. QUEXR300 was associated with a higher incidence of somnolence than OLA (RR = 5.517; 95% CrI = 1.563, 19.787), while OLA was associated with greater increase body weight (SMD = −0.488; 95% CrI = −0.881, −0.089) and blood prolactin levels (SMD = −0.642; 95% CrI = −1.073, −0.213) than QUEXR300, and a greater decrease in high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (SMD = −0.408; 95% CrI = −0.785, −0.030) than QUEXR300.ConclusionAlthough the two drugs’ efficacy did not differ, OLA increased the risk of metabolic syndrome and QUEXR300 the risk of somnolence. A large scale, long‐term, head‐to‐head comparison study of QUEXR300 vs OLA for Japanese patients with bipolar depression is needed to confirm the results of the current study.
Direct (hetero)arylation polymerization for the synthesis of donor–acceptor conjugated polymers based on N‐benzoyldithieno [3,2‐b:2′,3′‐d]pyrrole and diketopyrrolopyrrole toward organic photovoltaic cell application
Authors: Nguyen Tam H , Nguyen Loc T , Nguyen Huy T , Phan Ngoc‐Lan T , Nguyen Viet Q , Nguyen Le‐Thu T , Hoang Mai Ha , Le Tran Hai , Mai Phong T , Murata Hideyuki , Abdul Aziz Mohd Zaidan bin , Akabori Masashi , Nguyen Ha Tran 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn this research, new donor–acceptor (D‐A) photovoltaic polymers were synthesized from dithieno[3,2‐b:2′,3′‐d]pyrrole electron donor derivatives, including N‐benzoyldithieno[3,2‐b:2′,3′‐d]pyrrole and N‐(4‐hexylbenzoyl)dithieno[3,2‐b:2′,3′‐d]pyrrole, in combination with the electron deficient unit 2,5‐bis(2‐ethylhexyl)‐3,6‐di(thiophen‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐dihydropyrrolo[3,4‐c]pyrrole‐1,4‐dione via direct (hetero)arylation polymerization. The D‐A conjugated polymers obtained were characterized via 1H NMR, gel permeation chromatography, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, DSC, XRD, photoluminescence and UV–visible methods. In addition, these D‐A polymers were used as activated layers in bilayer and bulk heterojunction structures for the fabrication of organic photovoltaic cells. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry