bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An experimental study of two forms of concussion advice on planned physical activity
Authors: Sullivan Karen A. , Finnis Samantha J. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackground and aimsBest practice management for medically cleared concussion is to commence a graded return to activity, as tolerated, and within 24–48 h of the injury. Patients may encounter this or other advice if they search the Internet, or when they are discharged from care. It is not yet known how patients would interpret this advice, particularly for specific activities. This study compared the effect of two forms of concussion advice on physical activity plans. It was expected that compared to the advice to gradually return to activity, the advice to ‘rest’ would lead to reduced activity plans.MethodsConcussion simulators received the generic advice to undertake 1 week of (i) rest (no physical activity [NPA],n= 115) or (ii) graded physical activity (GPA,n= 104). Activity plans were recorded using items from the Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Rest-Activity Questionnaire (MTBI-RAQ).ResultsThere was a significant group difference in activity plans (NPA < GPA, total score and for all MTBI-RAQ items,p’s ≤ 0.001, medium-to-large effects). The average NPA response was for a significant reduction from pre-injury for 14 activities, with no planned change for 2 activities (walking, household chores). In the GPA group, there were plans to reduce (nitems= 7), continue (nitems= 5) or increase activities (nitems= 4; e.g., swimming). Both groups proposed to decrease ‘high-risk’ activities (e.g., heavy lifting).ConclusionAs expected, there was a significant effect of the type of advice on physical activity plans. Compared to the GPA advice, the NPA advice led to a significant reduction of planned physical activity. If concussed patients seek or receive advice that recommends NPA, it may prompt activity plans that are unnecessarily restrictive. If GPA advice is given, it leads to varied plans, with fewer restrictions overall, and avoidance of higher risk physical activities. Generic GPA advice has the potential to facilitate active recovery for concussion; however, patients would still likely benefit from a professional consultation about their plan and support to safely implement it, and this should be investigated in future research.
Genetic Analysis of a Large Family with Migraine, Vertigo, and Motion Sickness
Authors: Peddareddygari Leema Reddy , Kramer Phillip D. , Hanna Philip A. , Levenstien Mark A. , Grewal Raji P. 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT:Background:Migraine is a common disorder most typically presenting as headache and often associated with vertigo and motion sickness. It is a genetically complex condition with multiple genes ultimately contributing to the predisposition and development of this episodic neurological disorder. We identified a large American family of 29 individuals of which 17 members suffered from at least one of these disorders, migraine, vertigo, or motion sickness. Many of these individuals suffered from several simultaneously. We hypothesized that vertigo and motion sickness may involve genes that are independent to those directly contributing to migraine susceptibility.Methods:Genome-wide linkage analysis performed using 400 microsatellite repeat markers spaced at 10 cM throughout the genome. The members of this family were phenotyped for each condition, migraine, vertigo, and motion sickness and analyzed separately. Statistical analysis was performed using two-point and multipoint linkage analysis employing a number of models including autosomal recessive or dominant patterns of inheritance with high and low genetic penetrance.Results:We identified a novel locus for migraine, 9q13-q22 (maximum two-point logarithm of odds [LOD] score-2.51). In addition, there are suggestive LOD scores that localize to different chromosomes for each phenotype; vertigo (chromosome 18, LOD score of 1.82) and motion sickness (chromosome 4, LOD score of 2.09).Conclusions:Our analysis supports our hypothesis that the migraine-associated vertigo and motion sickness may involve distinct susceptibility genes.
New Neogene taxa of the tribe Chlamydini Teppner, 1922 (Pectinidae, Bivalvia) of southern South America
Authors: Santelli María B. , del Río Claudia J. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe Chilean species traditionally assigned to the genera Chlamys Röding, 1798 or Zygochlamys Ihering, 1907 are now placed in two new endemic South American taxa: Dietotenhosen n. gen. (middle Miocene–early middle Pliocene), to include the southeastern Pacific Ocean species D. hupeanus (Philippi, 1887) n. comb. and D. remondi (Philippi, 1887) n. comb., and Ckaraosippur n. gen. (earliest middle Miocene–Pliocene), for C. calderensis (Möricke, 1896) n. comb. (Chile) and C. camachoi n. sp. (Argentina). Both genera are the youngest survivors of the tribe Chlamydini in southern South America. None of them is related to the circumpolar genus Psychrochlamys Jonkers, 2003, and the previous proposal of the dispersal through the Antarctic Circumpolar Current for the species included herein in Dietotenhosen is rejected.UUID: http://zoobank.org/61b4bb50-321f-4b78-9069-609178ef0817
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Analysis of 237NP in Environmental Samples
Authors: Guan Yongjing , Sun Shaohan , Wang Huijuan , Terrasi Filippo , Liu Zhiyong , Gialanella Lucio , Buompane Raffaele , Tandoh Joseph , He Xianwen 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTTo determine the 237Np concentration originating from global fallout in the environment, samples were collected from Guangxi, south of China, and measured by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) at CIRCE. Serials standard samples and environment samples were prepared and measured using 242Pu as a tracer. The result indicates that the detection limit of 237Np as low as 10–15 g can be obtained. The concentration of 237Np in the environmental samples is less than 49.09 pg/kg (i.e. 1.280 mBq/kg), and the most probable value of 237Np is approximately 20 pg/kg (i.e. 0.53 mBq/kg).
An evaluation of the validity of nutrition screening and assessment tools in patients admitted to a vascular surgery unit
Authors: Thomas Jolene , Kaambwa Billingsley , Delaney Christopher , Miller Michelle 
Published: July 2019

AbstractVascular surgery patients are nutritionally vulnerable. Various malnutrition screening and assessment tools are available; however, none has been developed or validated in vascular patients. The present study aimed to: (1) investigate the validity of four commonly administered malnutrition screening tools (Malnutrition Screening Tool (MST), Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST), Nutrition Risk Screen-2002 (NRS-2002) and the Mini-Nutritional Assessment – Short Form (MNA-SF) and an assessment tool (the Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA)) compared against a comprehensive dietitian’s assessment and (2) evaluate the ability of the instruments to predict outcomes. Vascular inpatients were screened using the four malnutrition screening tools and assessed using the PG-SGA. Each was assessed by a dietitian incorporating nutritional biochemistry, anthropometry and changes in dietary intake. Diagnostic accuracy, consistency and predictive ability were determined. A total of 322 (69·3 % male) patients participated, with 75 % having at least one parameter indicating nutritional deficits. No instrument achieved the a priori levels for sensitivity (14·9–52·5 %). Neither tool predicted EuroQoL 5-dimension 5-level score. All tools except the MNA-SF were associated with length of stay (LOS); however, the direction varied with increased risk of malnutrition on the MUST and NRS-2002 being associated with shorter LOS (P=0·029 and 0·045) and the reverse with the MST and PG-SGA (P=0·005 and <0·001). The NRS-2002 was associated with increased risk of complications (P=0·039). The MST, NRS-2002 and PG-SGA were predictive of discharge to an institution (P=0·004, 0·005 and 0·003). The tools studied were unable to identify the high prevalence of undernutrition; hence, vascular disease-specific screening and/or assessment tools are warranted.
NATVRALES QVAESTIONES4APRAEF. 20 ANDEP. 34.2: APPROACHING THE CHRONOLOGY AND NON-FICTIONAL NATURE OF SENECA'SEPISTVLAE MORALES
Authors: Mollea Simone 
Published: July 2019

It is undeniable that the form of Seneca'sEpistulae Moraleswe currently read is a work of literature, literature being here defined as a piece of work the author intended to publish. What Seneca claims inEp. 21.3–5 is clear evidence of this:exemplum Epicuri referam. cum Idomeneo scriberet et illum a uita speciosa ad fidelem stabilemque gloriam reuocaret, regiae tunc potentiae ministrum et magna tractantem, ‘si gloria’ inquit ‘tangeris, notiorem te epistulae meae facient quam omnia ista quae colis et propter quae coleris’. […] quod Epicurus amico suo potuit promittere, hoc tibi promitto, Lucili: habebo apud posteros gratiam, possum mecum duratura nomina educere.
Neural signatures of conditioning, extinction learning, and extinction recall in posttraumatic stress disorder: a meta-analysis of functional magnetic resonance imaging studies
Authors: Suarez-Jimenez Benjamin , Albajes-Eizagirre Anton , Lazarov Amit , Zhu Xi , Harrison Ben J. , Radua Joaquim , Neria Yuval , Fullana Miquel A. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundEstablishing neurobiological markers of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is essential to aid in diagnosis and treatment development. Fear processing deficits are central to PTSD, and their neural signatures may be used as such markers.MethodsHere, we conducted a meta-analysis of seven Pavlovian fear conditioning fMRI studies comparing 156 patients with PTSD and 148 trauma-exposed healthy controls (TEHC) using seed-basedd-mapping, to contrast neural correlates of experimental phases, namely conditioning, extinction learning, and extinction recall.ResultsPatients with PTSD, as compared to TEHCs, exhibited increased activation in the anterior hippocampus (extending to the amygdala) and medial prefrontal cortex during conditioning; in the anterior hippocampus-amygdala regions during extinction learning; and in the anterior hippocampus-amygdala and medial prefrontal areas during extinction recall. Yet, patients with PTSD have shown an overall decreased activation in the thalamus during all phases in this meta-analysis.ConclusionFindings from this metanalysis suggest that PTSD is characterized by increased activation in areas related to salience and threat, and lower activation in the thalamus, a key relay hub between subcortical areas. If replicated, these fear network alterations may serve as objective diagnostic markers for PTSD, and potential targets for novel treatment development, including pharmacological and brain stimulation interventions. Future longitudinal studies are needed to examine whether these observed network alteration in PTSD are the cause or the consequence of PTSD.
Do neighborhood social processes moderate the etiology of youth conduct problems?
Authors: Burt S. Alexandra , Clark D. Angus , Pearson Amber L. , Klump Kelly L. , Neiderhiser Jenae M. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundPrior work has robustly suggested that social processes in the neighborhood (i.e. informal social control, social cohesion, norms) influence child conduct problems (CP) and related outcomes, but has yet to consider how these community-level influences interact with individual-level genetic risk for CP. The current study sought to do just this, evaluating neighborhood-level social processes as etiologic moderators of child CP for the first time.MethodsWe made use of two nested samples of child and adolescent twins within the Michigan State University Twin Registry (MSUTR): 5649 families who participated in in the Michigan Twins Project (MTP) and 1013 families who participated in the Twin Study of Behavioral and Emotional Development (TBED-C). The neighborhood social processes of informal social control, social cohesion, and norms were assessed using neighborhood sampling techniques, in which residents of each twin family's neighborhood reported on the social processes in their neighborhood. Standard biometric GxE analyses evaluated the extent to which they moderated the etiology of CP.ResultsThe ‘no moderation’ model provided the best fit to the data in nearly all cases, arguing against neighborhood social processes as etiologic moderators of youth CP.ConclusionsThe neighborhood social processes evaluated here do not appear to exert their effects on child CP via etiologic moderation. The documented links between neighborhood social processes and child CP are thus likely to reflect a different etiologic process. Possibilities include environmental main effects of neighborhood social processes on child CP, or genotype-environment correlations.
The diffusion of climate policies among German municipalities
Authors: Abel Dennis 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe German government established a funding scheme for local climate policy in 2008. The translation of this programme into climate action varies between municipalities. This article studies the drivers and barriers for the diffusion of the programme among German municipalities. A major aim is to disentangle the diffusion effects across different steps within the policy cycle by employing Event History Analysis and spatial panel autoregressive models. Geographical proximity, party channels and transnational city networks are predictors of the diffusion process. Differences in diffusion effects between policy adoption and substantial policy output indicate that emulation as well as learning influence policy activity. Furthermore, increasing deployment of solar photovoltaic systems in neighbouring municipalities is associated with an intensification of climate policy in the focal municipality. The absence of similar effects for other renewable energy technologies hints at the “conditional nature” of policy learning with respect to the policy-makers’ vote- and policy-seeking behaviour.
Migrant Workers in an Era of Religious Revival: Industrial Capitalism, Labour and Christianity in Shenzhen
Authors: Gao Quan , Qian Junxi 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn the reform era, China appears to be caught in a contradictory dual process – the entrenchment of secular values and simultaneously, the notable revival of all forms of religion. However, the existing literature has achieved limited success theorizing how the thriving of faiths constitutes, and co-evolves with, secular modernity and capitalism. This article contributes to this re-theorization by bringing migration, labour and industrial capitalism to bear on faith and religious practices. Our empirical study in Shenzhen focuses on the formation of rural-to-urban migrant workers’ Christian faith. We examine the ways in which migrant workers manoeuvre religion as a cultural, symbolic and discursive resource to come to terms with, but also sometimes to question and counteract, the double exploitation enforced by state regulation and labour relations. In the meantime, however, this article also argues that migrants’ efforts in self-transformation through the discourses ofbenfenandsuzhi, and their theologically mediated interpretation of alienation, labour exploitation and social inequality, overlap with, and reinforce, the agenda of producing docile, productive bodies of migrants, an agenda endorsed by the state–capital coalition. This research opens new opportunities for theorizing how capitalist secularity and religious orientation implicate one another in the current Chinese society.
Mindfulness-based Wellness and Resilience intervention among interdisciplinary primary care teams: a mixed-methods feasibility and acceptability trial
Authors: Colgan Dana Dharmakaya , Christopher Michael , Bowen Sarah , Brems Christiane , Hunsinger Mathew , Tucker Brian , Dapolonia Eli 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAims:The primary objective of this study was to evaluate feasibility and acceptability of Mindfulness-based Wellness and Resilience (MBWR): a brief mindfulness-based intervention designed to enhance resilience and is delivered to interdisciplinary primary care teams.Background:Burnout is a pervasive, international problem affecting the healthcare workforce, characterized by emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and decreased professional effectiveness. Delivery models of mindfulness-based resilience interventions that enhance feasibility for onsite delivery, consider cultural considerations specific to primary care, and utilize team processes that are integral to primary care are now needed.Methods:We conducted a mixed-methods feasibility and acceptability trial of MBWR. Primary feasibility and acceptability outcomes were assessed by number of participants recruited, percent of MBWR treatment completer, and attrition rate during the 8-week intervention, and four items on a Likert-type scale. Secondary outcomes of perceived effects were measured by focus groups, an online survey, and self-reported questionnaires, including the Brief Resilience Scale, the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire-Short Form, and the Self-Compassion Scale-Short Form. Participants included 31 healthcare providers on interdisciplinary primary care teams employed a safety-net medical center. In the MBWR group, 68% identified as Latinx, compared to 64% in the control group.Findings:All criteria for feasibility were met and participants endorsed high levels of satisfaction and acceptability. The results of this study suggest that MBWR provides multiple perceived benefits to the individual healthcare provider, cohesion of the healthcare team, and enhanced patient care. MBWR may be a feasible and acceptable method to integrate mindfulness, resilience, and teamwork training into the primary care setting.
Primary health care workers’ understanding and skills related to cervical cancer prevention in Sango PHC centre in south-western Nigeria: a qualitative study
Authors: Onyenwenyi Anthonia O. C. , Mchunu Gugu Gladness 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Aim:
The study explored the knowledge and service delivery skills of primary health care (PHC) workers to conduct cervical cancer screening programmes in Sango primary health centre in Sango town, Ado-Odo Ota, Ogun State in Nigeria.

Background:
Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer affecting women. The prevention and control services in Nigeria are provided mainly at post-primary health facilities. Authorities have advocated the integration of cervical cancer prevention into reproductive health services provided at PHC centres. The service delivery capabilities of PHC workers are critical for successful implementation of screening programmes.

Method:
Exploratory qualitative research design was used. Data were collected among 10 PHC workers who were purposively sampled at Sango PHC. Semi-structured interview guide with broad items and a checklist were used to assess participants’ cervical cancer screening knowledge and service delivery skills using visual inspection screening methods. Data were analysed thematically and triangulated.

Findings:
A range of roles were represented in the interviews of the health care workers at the PHC studied. They had poor knowledge and skills about cervical cancer screening using visual inspection with acetic acid and visual inspection with Lugol’s iodine. Study participants perceived nurses as most equipped PHC workers to conduct screening at PHC level, followed by the community health officers. Participants reported no cervical cancer services at the centre and community. The findings provided useful insight that guided the training of primary health workers and the development of a community-based cervical cancer screening model for women in rural communities.

Conclusion:
Nurses and other PHC workers should be trained on visual inspection screening method. This low-cost but effective methodology could be incorporated into their training curricula as a strategy for scaling up cervical cancer prevention programmes across Nigeria.
Reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the WHO-5, in adults and older adults for its use in primary care settings
Authors: Eser Erhan , Çevik Celalettin , Baydur Hakan , Güneş Soner , Esgin Tayfun Alperen , Öztekin Çağlar Söğüt , Eker Esen , Gümüşsoy Ufuk , Eser Gün Baris , Özyurt Beyhan 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackground:This study aims to determine the psychometric properties of the World Health Organization Well-Being Index (WHO-5) Turkish version in Turkish adults and older adults.Methods:This is a multicenter cultural adaptation study carried out with 1752 participants. Internal consistency (by Cronbach’s alpha); Construct validity (by known groups and confirmatory factor analysis-CFI) and discriminant validity are evaluated stratified by adults and older adults. Cohen’s Effect Size is used in known groups and discriminant validity analyses.Results:Distribution properties of the WHO-5 Turkish version are in acceptable limits. Alpha values are 0.81 for adults and 0.86 for older adults. The variances of the 58.5% of the adults sample and 63.9% of the older adults sample are explained in Exploratory FA. Model fits (CFI) are satisfactory ( > 0.95) in both samples; but RMSEA is poor in the older adults sample (0.166) whereas it is acceptable (0.073) in the adults sample. Known groups validity and discriminant analyses are satisfactory in both adults and older adults.Conclusion:The WHO-5 Turkish version has a good measurement capacity, internal consistency and good model fits in both samples. The error values in the older adults group suggest that the results when testing older adults should be interpreted with caution.
Are people’s health care needs better met when primary care is strong? A synthesis of the results of the QUALICOPC study in 34 countries
Authors: Schäfer Willemijn L.A. , Boerma Wienke G.W. , van den Berg Michael J. , De Maeseneer Jan , De Rosis Sabina , Detollenaere Jens , Greß Stefan , Heinemann Stephanie , van Loenen Tessa , Murante Anna Maria , Pavlič Danica R. , Seghieri Chiara , Vainieri Milena , Willems Sara , Groenewegen Peter P. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Aim:
This article synthesises the results of a large international study on primary care (PC), the QUALICOPC study.

Background:
Since the Alma Ata Declaration, strengthening PC has been high on the policy agenda. PC is associated with positive health outcomes, but it is unclear how care processes and structures relate to patient experiences.

Methods:
Survey data were collected during 2011–2013 from approximately 7000 PC physicians and 70 000 patients in 34, mainly European, countries. The data on the patients are linked to data on the PC physicians within each country and analysed using multilevel modelling.

Findings:
Patients had more positive experiences when their PC physician provided a broader range of services. However, a broader range of services is also associated with higher rates of hospitalisations for uncontrolled diabetes, but rates of avoidable diabetes-related hospitalisations were lower in countries where patients had a continuous relationship with PC physicians. Additionally, patients with a long-term relationship with their PC physician were less likely to attend the emergency department. Capitation payment was associated with more positive patient experiences. Mono- and multidisciplinary co-location was related to improved processes in PC, but the experiences of patients visiting multidisciplinary practices were less positive. A stronger national PC structure and higher overall health care expenditures are related to more favourable patient experiences for continuity and comprehensiveness. The study also revealed inequities: patients with a migration background reported less positive experiences. People with lower incomes more often postponed PC visits for financial reasons. Comprehensive and accessible care processes are related to less postponement of care.

Conclusions:
The study revealed room for improvement related to patient-reported experiences and highlighted the importance of core PC characteristics including a continuous doctor–patient relationship as well as a broad range of services offered by PC physicians.