bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Food, poverty and health: the lived experience for SNAP recipients
Authors: Schembri Sharon 
Published: September 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the value of broadening the horizons of social marketing with a transformative approach. Through an investigation focused on the intersections of food, poverty and health, the lived experience of Supplemental Nutrition Assistant Program (SNAP) is identified and described. This depth of insight is useful to achieve research-informed public policy and social marketing efforts.

Design/methodology/approach
This ethnographic research design combines shadow shopping and phenomenological interviewing. The research site is an outreach center of a south Texas food bank and the targeted sample are SNAP recipients visiting that outreach center. Audio and visual recordings along with field notes were used to document the process.

Findings
The findings are presented as two emergent themes identified as SNAP but no food and SNAP, health and food. These two themes demonstrate the intersections between food, poverty and health and effectively capture some of the complexities within these connections.

Research limitations/implications
An underlying assumption of this study is the context-dependency of the findings. In focusing this research on SNAP recipients visiting an outreach center of a Texas food bank, the findings are limited to this context and this context only. Generalizability is not the goal but rather providing a depth of insight on the lived experience of food, poverty and health for impoverished consumers is the goal.

Practical implications
Practical implications of this paper include implications for policy implications targeting impoverished consumers. More specifically, evidence shows value in investing in SNAP rather than divesting or reducing funding.

Social implications
This research demonstrates that this outreach center offers the community not only a food hub but also a social hub.

Originality/value
This paper demonstrates the usefulness of adopting a transformative consumer research approach for social marketing. Documentation of the lived experience of SNAP enables research-informed public policy and research-informed social marketing strategies. Broadening the horizons of social marketing with a transformative approach is, therefore, advantageous for impoverished consumers, policymakers and social marketers.
Personal characteristics and applicants’ perceptions of procedural fairness in a selection context
Authors: Wang Qingjuan , Hackett Rick D. , Zhang Yiming , Cui Xun 
Published: September 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine a varied set of personal characteristics (i.e. cultural values tied to Confucianism, Big Five personality attributes and test experience) for their combined ability to predict job applicants’ expected and experienced procedural fairness in the context of personnel selection.

Design/methodology/approach
A total of 324 applicants were surveyed as part of a process to select entry-level positions at a large IT manufacturing company in eastern China. Data were gathered in two waves, such that applicants’ personal characteristics and fairness expectations were obtained prior to their perceptions of procedural fairness, which were collected after the selection interview.

Findings
Confucian values, neuroticism, conscientiousness and test experience all predicted applicants’ procedural fairness expectations. Only test experience had both direct and indirect effects on procedural justice perceptions. All other effects involving personal characteristics and experience of procedural fairness were mediated by applicants’ fairness expectations.

Research limitations/implications
The demonstration of the impact of a varied set of personal characteristics on applicants’ perceptions of procedural fairness is consistent with theory-driven models intended to understand and predict these perceptions. The findings suggest, among other considerations, that multinational businesses cannot assume that a standardized approach to selection will be viewed in the same manner by applicants across national contexts.

Originality/value
The authors show, in an operational employee selection context, how a varied set of personal characteristics can usefully combine to predict applicants’ procedural fairness expectations, as well as their experience of procedural fairness.
Corporate governance, firm performance, and business group affiliation: evidence from India
Authors: Sanan Neeti Khetarpal , Jaisinghani Dinesh , Yadav Sangeeta 
Published: September 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate whether, in emerging economies, the relationship between a firm’s corporate governance (CG) and its performance is associated with firm’s affiliation to a business group.Design/methodology/approachA total of 209 publicly listed firms in India during a 10-year period from 2007 to 2016 were studied, and the random effects model was employed for analysis.FindingsEmpirical evidence showed that board size and institutional shareholding positively impacted firm performance, whereas the proportion of independent directors negatively impacted performance. In group-affiliated firms in emerging economies, chief executive officer duality negatively impacted, whereas institutional shareholding positively impacted performance. These results are consistent with the principal–principal agency theory. The study found no discernible impact of proportion of independent directors on firm performance in group-affiliated firms.Originality/valueIn analyzing the governance–performance relationship and its association with business groups, this study extends current understanding by connecting business group research in emerging economies with CG and firm performance research. In examining firms from several industries over a long period of time after controlling for firm size, capital structure and spends on research and development and marketing, the results of this study offer rich empirical evidence that contributes to the extant literature on the nature of the governance–performance relationship.
The nexus between Asian and US short-term financing rate
Authors: Rahman Md. Saifur , Farihana Shahari 
Published: September 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the nexus between Asian and the US short-term financing rates and compare them between pre- and post-Asian financial crisis.

Design/methodology/approach
The short-term financing rate is used in the estimation by employing two-stage cointegration test.

Findings
The result of the empirical study shows several outcomes; the short-term financing rates among the selected Asian countries are not highly correlated during pre-crisis period, but the rates become strongly associated during the post-crisis period. The US financing rate has significant influence on the Asian rate during both periods. Asian financing rates are not integrated by the influence of the USA, rather regional cooperation and financial initiatives lead the regional financing rate to be integrated.

Originality/value
The empirical finding of the study offers significant policy implications for strengthening regional economic bonding and developing the financial systems.
Climate change and food security in EAC region: a panel data analysis
Authors: Mahrous Walaa 
Published: September 2019

PurposeThis study aims to analyze the impact of global climate change on food security in the East African Community (EAC) region, using panel data analysis for five countries, over 2000-2014.Design/methodology/approachThe determinants of food security are expressed as a function of rainfall, temperature, land area under cereal production, and population size. The paper used pooled fixed effects to estimate the relationship among these variables.FindingsFindings show that food security in EAC is adversely affected by temperature. However, precipitation and increasing areas cultivated with cereal crops will be beneficial to ensure everyone's food security.Originality/valueActions for mitigating global warming are important for EAC to consolidate the region’s economic, political and social development/stability.
Increased soil temperature and decreased precipitation during early life stages constrain grass seedling recruitment in cold desert restoration
Authors: James Jeremy J. , Sheley Roger L. , Leger Elizabeth A. , Adler Peter B. , Hardegree Stuart P. , Gornish Elise S. , Rinella Matthew J. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Seed‐based restoration is one of the most difficult challenges for dryland restoration. Identifying environmental conditions that drive variation in seed and seedling mortality across similar restoration efforts could increase understanding of when and where restoration outcomes are likely to be favourable and identify new tools and strategies to improve outcomes.

We asked how variation in a suite of environmental predictors influenced germination, emergence, seedling establishment and juvenile survival of four commonly sown perennial grass species across 33 seeding experiments distributed over an ~160,000‐km2 area of the Great Basin, a cold desert system in the western United States.

Across experiments, we observed wide variation in the rates of four demographic transitions and wide variation in environmental conditions experienced by plants at each stage. For all species, higher precipitation during the first 30 days following seeding was associated with an increase in germination. Conversely, higher soil temperature over this same time period was associated with a significant decrease in germination and emergence, and soil temperature was associated with a substantial portion of the variation in germination and emergence probabilities observed across our seeding experiments.

Within the range of precipitation variation observed, we were unable to detect a significant relationship between seedling establishment the first growing season and cumulative precipitation the first year, precipitation during the first spring growing season or annual climatic water deficit (CWD) the first year. Higher CWD the second growing season reduced seedling survival over that time period.

Synthesis and applications. Our results show higher soil temperature negatively impacts grass seedling establishment. Restoration efforts should be prioritized when seasonal or subseasonal temperature forecasts indicate likely periods of below average temperatures. These results also indicate that climate warming will make restoration even more difficult, with our model estimates suggesting the 2°C increase in temperature expected in the Great Basin over the coming decades will decrease germination and emergence by about 30%. Lastly, while our field‐based approach provided insight into short‐term drivers of mortality, it did not provide insight into drivers of longer term survival, suggesting a need for further work on predicting long‐term restoration outcomes.
Low Wage Growth: Why It Matters and How to Fix It
Authors: Bell Stephen , Keating Michael 
Published: September 2019

AbstractNeoclassical economic theory and its supply‐side account of the drivers of economic growth has been influential amongst Australian economic policymakers and advisors. In the post‐Keynesian tradition, we argue instead that aggregate demand drives economic growth, even in the medium term. In particular, the investment and innovation that depends upon that investment are mainly determined by the investment response to consumer demand. Currently, weak wages growth in Australia is weakening that consumer demand. The paper examines the causes of weak wages growth and offers solutions.
The Introduction and Development of the H‐index for Imaging Utilizers: A Novel Metric for Quantifying Utilization of Emergency Department Imaging
Authors: Hanna Tarek N. , Duszak Richard , Chahine Amanda , Zygmont Matthew E. , Herr Keith D. , Horný Michal 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe objective was to develop a novel metric for quantifying patient‐level utilization of emergency department (ED) imaging.MethodsUsing 2009 to 2015 Truven Health MarketScan commercial claims and encounters database, all ED visits and associated imaging services were identified. To measure imaging resource intensity, total imaging relative value units (RVUs) were calculated for each patient per ED visit. An individual's annual imaging h‐index is defined as the largest number, h, such that h ED visits by that individual in a given year is associated with total medical imaging RVUs of a value of at least h.ResultsOver 7 years, in a sample of 86,506,362 privately insured individuals (232,919,808 person‐years) in all 50 states and the District of Columbia, 38,973,716 ED visits were identified. A total of 9.5% of person‐years had one ED visit and 2.7% had two or more (the remainder had none). From 2009 to 2015, the percentage of ED patients undergoing imaging increased from 25.1% to 34.6%. Individuals with two or more ED visits each associated with two or more imaging RVUs (ED imaging h‐index ≥ 2) comprised 0.2% of the sample and 1.4% of ED visitors; however, they accounted for 4.0% of ED visits and the use of 18.6% of imaging resources. From 2009 to 2015, imaging resource allocation for such patients increased from 16.5% to 21.0%.ConclusionsThe ED imaging h‐index allows identification of patients who undergo significant ED imaging, based on a single‐digit patient‐specific metric that incorporates both annual ED visit number and medical imaging resource intensity per visit. While ED patients with an ED imaging h‐index ≥ 2 represented a minuscule fraction of privately insured individuals, they were associated with one‐fifth of all ED imaging resources.
Supplemental peri‐operative intravenous crystalloids for postoperative nausea and vomiting: an abridged Cochrane systematic review
Authors: Jewer J. K. , Wong M. J. , Bird S. J. , Habib A. S. , Parker R. , George R. B. 
Published: September 2019

SummaryWe conducted a Cochrane systematic review on the effectiveness of supplemental intravenous crystalloid administration in preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting. We included randomised controlled trials of patients undergoing surgery under general anaesthesia and given supplemental peri‐operative intravenous crystalloid. Our primary outcomes were the risk of postoperative nausea and the risk of postoperative vomiting. We assessed the risk of bias for each included study and applied the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) framework for the certainty of evidence. We included 41 studies. We found that the intervention probably reduces the overall risk of postoperative nausea, the risk ratio (95%CI) being 0.62 (0.51–0.75) (I2 = 57%, p < 0.00001, 18 studies; 1766 participants; moderate‐certainty evidence). It also probably reduces the risk of postoperative nausea within 6 h of surgery, with a risk ratio (95%CI) of 0.67 (0.58 to 0.78) (I2 = 9%, p < 0.00001, 20 studies; 2310 participants; moderate‐certainty evidence) and by around 24 h, the risk ratio (95%CI) being 0.47 (0.32–0.69) (I2 = 38%, p = 0.0001, 17 studies; 1682 participants; moderate‐certainty evidence). Supplemental intravenous crystalloid probably also reduces the overall risk of postoperative vomiting, with a risk ratio (95%CI) of 0.50 (0.40–0.63) (I2 = 31%, p < 0.00001, 20 studies; 1970 participants; moderate‐certainty evidence). The beneficial effect on vomiting was seen both within 6 h and by around 24 h postoperatively.
Longitudinal changes in prostate volume in a community‐based cohort study of middle‐aged and elderly men in rural China
Authors: Liang Q.‐F. , Zhang S.‐C. , Yu X.‐H. , Li J.‐H. , Zheng J.‐B. , Zhao J. , Liang G.‐Q. , Shi H.‐J. , Zhou W.‐J. , Zhu Q.‐X. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundProstate volume (PV) and its change rate are important for the progression of prostate disease, but studies on their estimates are inconsistent.ObjectivesTo investigate whether age, prostate‐specific antigen (PSA), and other specific characteristics are associated with PV and its change rate.Materials and MethodsA community‐based cohort study was conducted in a rural area of China among male residents aged 40–80 years. PV was estimated at baseline and at 4 years of follow‐up by trans‐abdominal ultrasound. Annual PV change rate (PVCR) was calculated as change in volume divided by time interval. Baseline characteristics, including age, serum PSA, and hormones, were evaluated. And their relationships with PV or PVCR were assessed with Pearson correlation and multivariate linear regression analyses.ResultsTotally, 462 participants completed the follow‐up with baseline PV (PV0) of 15.6 ± 5.5 ml. PV0 was highly correlated with age and PSA in pairwise correlations (Pearson r = 0.35 and 0.34, respectively, p < 0.01). Multivariate linear regression showed similar associations that PV0 tended to increase with age and PSA. The average PVCR was 0.7 ± 1.8 ml/year. In pairwise correlations, PVCR was inversely correlated with PV0 and positively correlated with PSA, while it was not significantly related to baseline age. Linear regression of PVCR on age and PSA in groups classified by PV0 quartile showed that age was not a significant estimator of PVCR, whereas PSA was. In each PV0 group, PVCR tended to increase with PSA.Discussion and ConclusionPV was positively associated with age and PSA, and it tended to grow faster in men with smaller baseline PV and higher PSA. PSA can be a valuable parameter for estimating both the size and the growth speed of prostate. Although age is associated with prostate enlargement, it does not appear to be related to the longitudinal change rate of PV.
Treatment of heart failure with sodium glucose co‐transporter‐2 inhibitors in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus: current evidence and future directions
Authors: Sharma A. , Butler J. , Zieroth S. , Giannetti N. , Verma S. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractDiabetes is one the most common comorbidities among people with established heart failure. Interest in heart failure as an outcome among people with diabetes has emerged since it was shown that there was an association between increased risk of hospitalization for heart failure with use of thiazolidinediones and some dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors. Recently, sodium‐glucose co‐transporter‐2 inhibitors were shown to lead to a reduction in the risk of cardiovascular death and hospitalization for heart failure in people with Type 2 diabetes mellitus and either cardiovascular risk factors or atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. These findings appear to be consistent in people both with and without a baseline history of heart failure. Based on current evidence there are several clinical scenarios in which the use of sodium‐glucose co‐transporter‐2 inhibitors would be justified for people with heart failure and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: (1) in people with a new diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes and for whom anti‐hyperglycaemic management strategies are being considered; (2) in people with sub‐optimal glycaemic control, regardless of baseline antihyperglycaemic therapy; and (3) in people with symptomatic heart failure (or other high‐risk features such as recent hospitalization for heart failure), if glycaemic control is optimized and the individual is on a sulfonylurea or dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitor; here, it may be reasonable to consider substituting one of those therapies for a sodium‐glucose co‐transporter‐2 inhibitor. There are now a number of ongoing trials evaluating the role of sodium‐glucose co‐transporter‐2 inhibitors as therapy for people with established heart failure (with preserved or with reduced ejection fraction) and regardless of the presence of diabetes. These trials will provide the evidence for the safety and efficacy of sodium‐glucose co‐transporter‐2 inhibitors among people with established heart failure.
Developmental plasticity and evolutionary explanations
Authors: Uller Tobias , Feiner Nathalie , Radersma Reinder , Jackson Illiam S. C. , Rago Alfredo 
Published: September 2019

AbstractDevelopmental plasticity looks like a promising bridge between ecological and developmental perspectives on evolution. Yet, there is no consensus on whether plasticity is part of the explanation for adaptive evolution or an optional “add‐on” to genes and natural selection. Here, we suggest that these differences in opinion are caused by differences in the simplifying assumptions, and particular idealizations, that enable evolutionary explanation. We outline why idealizations designed to explain evolution through natural selection prevent an understanding of the role of development, and vice versa. We show that representing plasticity as a reaction norm conforms with the idealizations of selective explanations, which can give the false impression that plasticity has no explanatory power for adaptive evolution. Finally, we use examples to illustrate why evolutionary explanations that include developmental plasticity may in fact be more satisfactory than explanations that solely refer to genes and natural selection.
A meta‐analysis of arrhythmia endpoints in randomized controlled trials of transendocardial stem cell injections for chronic ischemic heart disease
Authors: Fernandes Gilson C. , Fernandes Amanda D. F. , Rivera Manuel , Khan Aisha , Schulman Ivonne H. , Lambrakos Litsa K. , Myerburg Robert J. , Goldberger Jeffrey J. , Hare Joshua M. , Mitrani Raul D. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIntroductionThe electrophysiologic impact of cell‐based therapy on the injured myocardium remains highly controversial. We aimed to perform a meta‐analysis of studies comparing arrhythmia burden following transendocardial stem cell therapy vs placebo in patients with chronic ischemic heart disease (CIHD).Methods and ResultsPubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched. No restriction of stem cell type was specified. The outcomes included sustained supraventricular or ventricular arrhythmias (VAs), sudden cardiac death (SCD), and resuscitated sudden cardiac arrest (SCA). Effect sizes were reported as odds ratio (OR) and 95% CI. Poisson regression was used to account for zero‐events data. Twelve randomized trials that included 736 patients (384 in the cell therapy group and 352 in the placebo group) were analyzed. Six different cell types were used. Follow‐up ranged from 6 to 12 months. There was a significant decrease in risk of SCD in the cell therapy group, (FE OR, 0.19 [0.04, 0.93]; P = .04). In subgroup analysis, there was a significantly lower risk of SCD or resuscitated SCA in the cell therapy group limited to studies that did not use skeletal myoblasts, (FE OR, 0.23 [0.06, 0.83]; P = .03). There was no significant difference in the incidence of sustained VA between groups (FE OR, 0.91 [0.47, 1.77]; P = .8), even after stratifying by cell type. There was no difference in supraventricular arrhythmias between groups.ConclusionNonskeletal myoblast transendocardial cell therapy was associated with a significantly lower risk of SCD or resuscitated SCA compared to control, with no proarrhythmic effects.