bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TRANSPARENT TESTA 4‐mediated flavonoids negatively affect embryonic fatty acid biosynthesis in Arabidopsis
Authors: Xuan Lijie , Zhang Cuicui , Yan Tao , Wu Dezhi , Hussain Nazim , Li Zhilan , Chen Mingxun , Pan Jianwei , Jiang Lixi 
Published: July 2018

AbstractFlavonoids are involved in many physiological processes in plants. TRANSPARENT TESTA 4 (TT4) acts at the first step of flavonoid biosynthesis, and the loss of TT4 function causes a lack of flavonoid. Flavonoid deficiency is reportedly the main cause of increased fatty acid content in pale‐coloured oilseeds, but details regarding the relationship between seed flavonoids and fatty acid biosynthesis are elusive. In this work, we applied a genetic strategy combined with biochemical and cytological assays to determine the effect of seed flavonoids on the biosynthesis of fatty acids in Arabidopsis thaliana. We showed that TT4‐mediated flavonoids negatively affect embryonic fatty acid biosynthesis. A crossing experiment indicated that seed flavonoid biosynthesis and the impact of this process on fatty acid biosynthesis were controlled in a maternal line‐dependent manner. Loss of TT4 function activated glycolysis in seed embryos, thereby enhancing fatty acid biosynthesis, but did not improve seed mucilage production. Moreover, loss of TT4 function reduced PIN‐FORMED 4 expression and subsequently increased auxin accumulation in embryos. Pharmacologically and genetically elevated auxin levels enhanced seed fatty acid biosynthesis. These results indicated that flavonoids affect fatty acid biosynthesis by carbon source reallocation via regulation of WRINKLE1 and auxin transport.
The interaction between DNA methylation and long non‐coding RNA during the onset of puberty in goats
Authors: Yang Chen , Gao Xiaoxiao , Ye Jing , Ding Jianping , Liu Ya , Liu Hongyu , Li Xiumei , Zhang Yunhai , Zhou Jie , Huang Weiping , Fang Fugui , Ling Yinghui 
Published: July 2018

ContentsEpigenetics plays an important role in controlling female puberty. Both DNA methylation and long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNA) regulate the initiation of puberty by affecting the expression of genes related to puberty. While recent studies have indicated that DNA methylation of lncRNA represses the expression of lncRNA, its role in regulating puberty remains unclear. To explore the mechanism between DNA methylation and lncRNAs during puberty onset, we performed whole‐genome bisulphite sequencing (WGBS) and RNA‐sequencing (RNA‐seq). We found that DNA methylation was inversely correlated to gene expression levels during puberty. Methylation levels gradually decreased near the transcription initiation site and were present at high levels in the exon, intron and 3′ untranslated regions. In the promoter, lncRNA expression was negatively related to DNA methylation. We reported hypermethylation in the gene body and downstream of the lncRNA compared with upstream regions. In GO and KEGG analyses, we found enriched target genes of lncRNA, XLOC_960044 and XLOC_767346. During puberty, methylation of these genes increased while expression decreased. Our study indicates that DNA methylation of the promoter is negatively correlated with lncRNA during puberty onset, and methylation regulates the initiation of puberty via lncRNA, which provides new insight into the epigenetic mechanism of puberty onset.
Detrital clay grain coats in estuarine clastic deposits: origin and spatial distribution within a modern sedimentary system, the Gironde Estuary (south‐west France)
Authors: Virolle Maxime , Brigaud Benjamin , Bourillot Raphaël , Féniès Hugues , Portier Eric , Duteil Thibault , Nouet Julius , Patrier Patricia , Beaufort Daniel 
Published: July 2018

AbstractPorosity and permeability may be preserved in deep sandstone reservoirs by clay coating (mainly chlorite) which limits quartz overgrowths. Chloritization around quartz grains results mainly from mineralogical transformations of pre‐existing clays. It is fundamental to study those clay precursors to better understand and predict the location and distribution of clay coatings in subsurface sandstones for petroleum or geothermal prospecting. This paper reports a high‐resolution analysis of the composition, distribution and fabric of clays along a modern estuary, the Gironde (south‐west France). The scale of the study ranges from thin sections, through sand bar bodies, up to the entire estuary. Results show that clays are detrital and deposited at the same time as sand grains despite strong hydrodynamic conditions. Clays bind to medium‐grained sands forming detrital clay grain coats. On average, 26% of detrital sand grains are coated along the entire length of the estuary. Coat thickness varies from 1 μm to more than 200 μm, and coat coverage exceeds 30% in some samples. The turbidity maximum zone position (surface water turbidity from 1 to 10 g l−1) in the estuary, which is controlled by seasonal variations in hydrodynamic processes, significantly impacts the location of the maximum clay content and the abundance of coated grains in sandy facies along the estuary. Flocculation in the water column results in the accumulation of suspended matter and contributes to the high turbidity in the estuary. Exopolymeric substances produced by diatoms are observed both in the field and by cryo‐scanning electron microscopy, suggesting that they may play a major role in binding detrital clay around sand grains. Finally, tidal bars and heterolithic point bars in the estuary funnel and estuarine channels are prime sedimentological targets for finding clay coatings and potentially good reservoir quality in deeply buried sandstones.
Double‐Object Constructions in Syrian Arabic
Authors: Hallman Peter 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThis article documents double‐object constructions in contemporary Syrian Arabic and presents an analysis of the case‐frame alternations found there. Some double‐object verbs assign accusative case to their indirect object, as in English, while others assign it dative, as in German. Yet, for both verb types, the double‐object frame productively alternates with a frame in which the indirect object occurs in a prepositional phrase. Consequently, dative has, at the same time, properties of a lexical case (it is contingent on its lexical environment) but also properties of a structural case (it is suppressed in the prepositional frame). Further, restrictions on cliticization, animacy, and idiom patterns indicate that the prepositional frame of verbs displaying a double‐object frame is derived from the underlying double‐object frame. An analysis is presented in which D‐feature checking enforces the order indirect object > direct object in the double‐object frame regardless of the case of the indirect object, and the alternation between dative, accusative, and the prepositional frame is contingent on properties of the applicative head thatθ‐licenses the indirect object.
Improvement of maternal and fetal outcomes in women with sickle cell disease treated with early prophylactic erythrocytapheresis
Authors: Vianello Alice , Vencato Elisa , Cantini Maurizio , Zanconato Giovanni , Manfrin Erminia , Zamo Alberto , Zorzi Francesco , Mazzi Filippo , Martinelli Nicola , Cavaliere Elena , Monari Francesca , Venturelli Donatella , Ferrara Francesca , Olivieri Oliviero , De Franceschi Lucia 
Published: July 2018

BACKGROUNDThe desire for pregnancy in sickle cell disease (SCD) women has become a true challenge for hematologists, requiring a multidisciplinary approach. Erythrocytapheresis (ECP) is an important therapeutic tool in SCD, but only limited data on starting time and the effects of ECP during pregnancy are available.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSThis is a double‐center retrospective cross‐sectional study on a total of 46 single pregnancies in SCD women from January 2008 to June 2017. ECP was started at 10.7 ± 5.2 weeks of gestation, and prophylactic enoxaparin (4,000 U daily) was introduced due to the reported high prevalence of thromboembolic events in pregnant SCD women.RESULTSThe alloimmunization ratio was 2.1 per 1,000 and the alloimmunization rate was 5.6%. In early ECP‐treated SCD women, no severe vaso‐occlusive crisis, sepsis or severe infection, or preeclampsia or eclampsia were observed. We found normal umbilical arterial impedance during pregnancy, suggesting an optimal uteroplacental function in early ECP–treated SCD women. This was also supported by the improvement in newborn birthweights compared to previous studies. In our cohort, three SCD women were started later on ECP (20‐25 weeks), and gestation ended with late fetal loss. Placenta pathology documented SCD‐related damage and erythroblasts in placental vessels, indicating fetal hypoxia.CONCLUSIONSCollectively, our data generate a rationale to support a larger clinical trial of early ECP program in SCD pregnancy.
Is mid-upper arm circumference in Dutch children useful in identifying obesity?
Authors: Talma Henk , van Dommelen Paula , Schweizer Joachim J , Bakker Boudewijn , Kist-van Holthe Joana E , Chinapaw J Mai M , Hirasing Remy A 
Published: July 2018

BackgroundMid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) is suggested as being a valid measure in detecting overweight/obesity in children and adolescents, due to the strong relation with weight. We examined this relation and compared MUAC to body mass index (BMI) according to the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) in children.MethodsAnthropometric data including MUAC were collected in 2009 by trained healthcare professionals in the context of the fifth Dutch Nationwide Growth Study, in a sample of 6167 children (2891 boys and 3276 girls) aged 2–18 years of Dutch origin. We propose MUAC SDS cut-off values for overweight and obesity, and compared MUAC with BMI IOTF in sex-specific and age-specific categories (2–5, 6–11, 12–18 years).ResultsThe area under the curve is used as a measure of diagnostic accuracy; the explained variance (R²) is good to excellent (0.88–0.94). Sensitivity ranges from 51.8% to 95.3% and specificity from 71.4% to 93.8%. Across age and gender groups, 65.1% to 89.0% participants are classified by both MUAC and BMI as normal weight, overweight or obese. We constructed three equations to predict weight using MUAC, with small differences between observed and predicted weight with an explained variance ranging from 0.88 to 0.94.ConclusionsCompared with BMI, MUAC is a valid measure for detecting overweight and obesity and thus a good alternative for BMI. When weight has to be estimated, it can be accurately predicted using MUAC. Based on our observations, we recommend developing diagrams with international (IOTF) cut-offs for MUAC SDS similar to BMI.
Association between QTc prolongation and mortality in patients with suspected poisoning in the emergency department: a transnational propensity score matched cohort study
Authors: Schade Hansen Camilla , Pottegård Anton , Ekelund Ulf , Kildegaard Jensen Helene , Lundager Forberg Jakob , Brabrand Mikkel , Lassen Annmarie Touborg 
Published: July 2018

ObjectivesPoisoning is a frequent cause of admission to the emergency department (ED) and may involve drugs known to prolong the QT interval. This study aims to describe the prevalence of QTc prolongation among ED patients with suspected poisoning and to calculate the absolute and relative risk of mortality or cardiac arrest associated with a prolonged QTc interval.MethodsWe performed a register-based cohort study, including all adult first-time contacts with suspected poisoning to the ED of two Swedish hospitals (January 2010–December 2014) and two Danish hospitals (March 2013–April 2014). We used propensity score matching to calculate HRs for all-cause mortality or cardiac arrest (combined endpoint) within 30 days after contact comparing patients with a prolonged QTc interval (≥450 ms men, ≥460 ms women) with patients with a QTc interval of <440 ms.ResultsAmong all first-time contacts with suspected poisoning that had an ECG recorded within 4 hours after arrival (n=3869), QTc prolongation occurred in 6.5%. The overall mortality after a 30-day follow-up period was 0.8% (95% CI 0.6 to 1.2), with an absolute risk of mortality or cardiac arrest in patients with QTc prolongation of 3.2% (95% CI 1.4 to 6.1). A prolonged QTc interval on arrival was associated with a HR of 3.6 (95% CI 1.0 to 12.2).ConclusionIn the ED, a prolonged QTc interval in patients arriving with suspected poisoning seems to be associated with a threefold increased risk of 30-day all-cause mortality or cardiac arrest.
Media use and excess body weight among women in Nigeria: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Ghose Bishwajit , Yaya Sanni 
Published: July 2018

ObjectivesTo investigate the (1) time trends in body mass index (BMI) and (2) relationship between media use and body weight status among adult women in Nigeria. We hypothesise that higher frequency of media use is associated with higher likelihood of being overweight and obesity among adult women.Study designCross-sectional.SettingUrban and rural settings in Nigeria.ParticipantsAdult non-pregnant women aged between 15 and 49 years.MethodsData were derived from Nigeria Demographic and Health Surveys conducted in 2003, 2008 and 2013. The outcome variable was excess body weight (overweight and obesity), and main explanatory variables were frequency of reading newspaper, listening to radio and television (TV) viewing. Datasets were merged to perform pooled analysis, and were analysed using bivariate and multivariable regression techniques.ResultsOf the 69 401 participants, 16.2% had a BMI of 25.0–29.9 kg/m2(95% CI 15.8 to 16.6) and 6.6% had >30 kg/m2(95% CI 6.3 to 6.9). Between 2003 and 2013, the prevalence of overweight women increased by 4.1%, and that of obesity by 2.2%. Overall, radio was the most popular media followed by TV and newspaper. Respectively, 15.6% and 11.7% of the women reported using radio and TV almost every day and 30.6% and 25.1% at least once a week. In multivariable analysis, watching TV almost every day and at least once a week were associated with, respectively, 1.6 and 1.2 times higher odds of being overweight, and 2.7 and 1.5 times higher odds of being obese compared with those who never used radio. Similarly, significant associations were observed for newspaper and radio use as well.ConclusionThe prevalence of overweight and obesity is noticeably high among Nigerian women and has been increasing steadily over the past decade. A statistically significant association exists between BMI and the use of newspaper, radio and TV. Further studies are required to develop a better understanding of the mechanisms that underlie this relationship.
The beneficial effect of natural antioxidants from olive oil with fig and date palm fruit extracts on biochemical and hematological parameters in rats treated with doxorubicin and γ-radiation
Authors: Fathy Abdallah H. , Bashandy Mohamed A. , Bashandy Samir A.E. , Mansour Ahmed M. , Azab Khaled S. 
Published: July 2018

The goal of this study was to determine the possible beneficial effect of olive oil (7 g/kg) with fig (1 g/kg) and date palm fruit (1 g/kg) extracts (OFD) on the toxicity hazards of doxorubicin (DOX) and (or) γ-radiation. The DOX-treated groups received doses of 2.5 mg/kg body weight via intravenous (IV) injection weekly for four consecutive weeks. Rats in the irradiated groups were exposed to whole-body γ-radiation with fractioned doses of 2 Gy weekly for four consecutive weeks. The OFD-treated groups received two weeks of pretreatment with OFD and daily supplementation via oral gavage during the experimental period. The DOX-treated and (or) irradiated groups showed decreases in the antioxidant parameters (reduced glutathione and nitric oxide) as well as increased lipid peroxidation products. In addition, we observed changes in the lipid profile parameters, lipid risk ratios, and hematological values (erythrocyte (RBC) count, hemoglobin (Hb) concentration, hematocrit (Hct) percentage, platelet count, and total and differential leukocyte (WBC) count) in these groups compared with the control rats. The administration of OFD to DOX-treated and (or) irradiated rats significantly ameliorated the oxidative stress markers, lipid profile, risk ratios, and hematological parameters. In conclusion, OFD could be used synergistically to decrease the negative side effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy.
Body Mass Index and Sudden Cardiac Death in Japanese Patients After Acute Myocardial Infarction: Data From the JCAD Study and HIJAMI‐II Registry
Authors: Shiga Tsuyoshi , Kohro Takahide , Yamasaki Hiro , Aonuma Kazutaka , Suzuki Atsushi , Ogawa Hiroshi , Hagiwara Nobuhisa , Yamazaki Tsutomu , Nagai Ryozo , Kasanuki Hiroshi 
Published: July 2018

Background
Although an “obesity paradox” exists in patients after myocardial infarction, the association between obesity and the risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD) is limited. The aim of this study was to determine whether obesity is associated with an increased risk of SCD in Japanese survivors of acute myocardial infarction.

Methods and Results

Pooled data from 2 cohort studies in Japan, JCAD (Japanese Coronary Artery Disease) study and the Heart Institute of Japan Acute Myocardial Infarction‐II (HIJAMI‐II) registry, comprising of 6216 patients (mean age 65±11 years, 75.2% male) with acute myocardial infarction who were discharged alive, were studied. The patients were categorized into the following body mass index (BMI) groups at baseline according to the World Health Organization classification for Asian populations: BMI <18.5 kg/m
2
(n=335), 18.5 to 23 kg/m
2
(n=2371), 23 to 27.5 kg/m
2
(n=2823), and ≥27.5 kg/m
2
(n=687). The main outcomes were all‐cause mortality and SCD. During an average follow‐up period of 3.6±1.4 years, all‐cause mortality was 10.1%, and SCD was 1.2%. Patients with BMI <18.5 kg/m
2
had the highest rate of all‐cause mortality (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.61; 95% confidence interval, 1.20–2.16), but high BMI (≥27.5 kg/m
2
) was not associated with mortality compared with patients in the group with BMI ≥18.5 and <23 kg/m
2
. However, the long‐term risk of SCD was increased in the group with BMI ≥27.5 kg/m
2
(adjusted hazard ratio, 2.97; 95% confidence interval, 1.24–7.15). Multivariate analysis revealed that BMI ≥27.5 kg/m
2
was associated with an increased risk of SCD (hazard ratio, 2.78; 95% confidence interval, 1.35–5.74).

Conclusions

Obesity (BMI ≥27.5 kg/m
2
) was associated with the risk of SCD in Japanese patients after myocardial infarction, although an obesity paradox was found for all‐cause mortality.
Aberrant Mitochondrial Fission Is Maladaptive in Desmin Mutation–Induced Cardiac Proteotoxicity
Authors: Alam Shafiul , Abdullah Chowdhury S. , Aishwarya Richa , Miriyala Sumitra , Panchatcharam Manikandan , Peretik Jonette M. , Orr A. Wayne , James Jeanne , Robbins Jeffrey , Bhuiyan Md. Shenuarin 
Published: July 2018

Background
Desmin filament proteins interlink the contractile myofibrillar apparatus with mitochondria, nuclei and the sarcolemma. Mutations in the human desmin gene cause cardiac disease, remodeling, and heart failure but the pathophysiological mechanisms remain unknown.

Methods and Results
Cardiomyocyte‐specific overexpression of mutated desmin (a 7 amino acid deletion R172‐E178, D7‐Des Tg) causes accumulations of electron‐dense aggregates and myofibrillar degeneration associated with cardiac dysfunction. Though extensive studies demonstrated that these altered ultrastructural changes cause impairment of cardiac contractility, the molecular mechanism of cardiomyocyte death remains elusive. In the present study, we report that the D7‐Des Tg mouse hearts undergo aberrant mitochondrial fission associated with increased expression of mitochondrial fission regulatory proteins. Mitochondria isolated from D7‐Des Tg hearts showed decreased mitochondrial respiration and increased apoptotic cell death. Overexpression of mutant desmin by adenoviral infection in cultured cardiomyocytes led to increased mitochondrial fission, inhibition of mitochondrial respiration, and activation of cellular toxicity. Inhibition of mitochondrial fission by mitochondrial division inhibitor mdivi‐1 significantly improved mitochondrial respiration and inhibited cellular toxicity associated with D7‐Des overexpression in cardiomyocytes.

Conclusions
Aberrant mitochondrial fission results in mitochondrial respiratory defects and apoptotic cell death in D7‐Des Tg hearts. Inhibition of aberrant mitochondrial fission using mitochondrial division inhibitor significantly preserved mitochondrial function and decreased apoptotic cell death. Taken together, our study shows that maladaptive aberrant mitochondrial fission causes desminopathy‐associated cellular dysfunction.
Periprocedural Cardiopulmonary Bypass or Venoarterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation During Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: A Systematic Review
Authors: Vallabhajosyula Saraschandra , Patlolla Sri Harsha , Sandhyavenu Harigopal , Vallabhajosyula Saarwaani , Barsness Gregory W. , Dunlay Shannon M. , Greason Kevin L. , Holmes David R. , Eleid Mackram F. 
Published: July 2018

Background

There are limited data on the use of venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (
VA
‐
ECMO
) or cardiopulmonary bypass (
CPB
) to provide hemodynamic support periprocedurally during transcatheter aortic valve replacement. This study sought to evaluate patients receiving transcatheter aortic valve replacement with concomitant use of
CPB
/
VA
‐
ECMO
.

Methods and Results

We systematically reviewed the published literature from 2000 to 2018 for studies evaluating adult patients requiring
CPB
/
VA
‐
ECMO
periprocedurally during transcatheter aortic valve replacement. Studies reporting short‐term and long‐term mortality were included. Given the significant methodological and statistical differences between published studies, meta‐analysis of the association of
CPB
/
VA
‐
ECMO
with mortality was not performed. Of the 537 studies identified, 9 studies representing 5191 patients met our inclusion criteria. Median ages were between 75 and 87 years with 33% to 75% male patients. Where reported, the Edwards
SAPIEN
™ transcatheter heart valve was the most frequently used. A total of 203 (3.9%) patients received periprocedural hemodynamic support with
CPB
/
VA
‐
ECMO
. Common indications for
CPB
/
VA
‐
ECMO
included left ventricular or aortic annular rupture, rapid hemodynamic deterioration, aortic regurgitation, cardiac arrest, and left main coronary artery obstruction. The use of
CPB
/
VA
‐
ECMO
was predominantly an emergent strategy and was used for durations of 1 to 2 hours. Short‐term mortality (in‐hospital and 30‐day) was 29.8%, and 1‐year mortality was 52.4%. Major complications such as bleeding, vascular injury, tamponade, stroke, and renal failure were noted in 10% to 50% of patients.

Conclusions

CPB
/
VA
‐
ECMO
was used in 4% in the early experience of patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement, most commonly for periprocedural complications. There are limited data on preprocedural planned use of
VA
‐
ECMO
, and the characteristics of this population remain poorly defined.