bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Patellar Tendinopathy in Professional Basketball Players using Algometry
Authors: Benítez-Martínez Josep C. , Martínez-Ramírez Pablo , Valera-Garrido Fermín , Medina-Mirapeix Francesc 
Published: May 2019

Introduction Palpation tenderness is one of the clinical signs used in the diagnosis of patellar tendinopathy (PT). Despite the widespread use of pain pressure thresholds (PPTs) for assessment purposes, it is unknown whether other variables may influence the results of this test and its precision to discriminate between knees with and without PT.
Objective To identify the discriminative accuracy of PPTs as a diagnostic test of PT in professional basketball players, used both in an isolated manner and in combination with other tests.
Material and Methods An observational study with professional basketball players in which the main variable measured was the PPT, and the secondary variables were the Victorian Institute of Sport Assessment, Patellar tendon (VISA-P) questionnaire and the visual analogue scale (VAS). Age, weight and height were gathered as potential covariates. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was constructed with the data of the area under the ROC curve (AUC), used to determine the precision of the PPT applied on its own or combined with other secondary variables and covariates.
Results In total, 146 patellar tendons of 73 players were analyzed. When analyzing the differences between the PPT of healthy tendons and those with PT, differences were found between the dominant leg and the non-dominant leg. Regarding the cut-off points, the most precise discrimination of a tendon with PT was 8.8 kg/cm2 for an isolated PPT test and 14% for its combination with the VAS.
Conclusions This study shows the effectiveness of combining the data from the PPT and the VAS scores. Therefore, both tests should be used for the assessment of PT in professional basketball players, as this combination increases the discriminatory accuracy. Furthermore, these tests are easily applied in clinical practice.
Pathological Sonographic Values in Peripheral Nerve Entrapments—A Literature Review
Authors: Bolívar Gázquez Jesús Miguel , Bellosta-López Pablo 
Published: May 2019

Introduction In recent years, musculoskeletal ultrasound has become an important tool for the assessment of peripheral nerve entrapments in human subjects.
Objective To research sonographic pathological values of peripheral nerve entrapments and to verify the usefulness of ultrasound for the assessment of the same.
Material and Methods A literature search was conducted on the EBSCOHost platform between January 2016 and September 2017.
Results Fifty-four articles were included in this review. Ultrasound showed good diagnostic values for the ulnar tunnel syndrome at the level of the tunnel (sensitivity 72–99%; specificity 53–100%) and at the level of the medial epicondyle (sensitivity 72–92%; specificity 75–93%).
Conclusions Sonographic assessments may be considered a valid tool for the assessment of the peripheral nervous system. High diagnostic precision exists for the cross-sectional area in carpal tunnel syndrome and ulnar tunnel syndrome. There is a lack of evidence regarding the diagnosis of other neuropathies.
Pantarsal Arthrodesis to Treat a Full-Thickness Lateral Trochlear Ridge Osteochondritis Dissecans in a Dog
Authors: Massimo Petazzoni , Michela Buiatti 
Published: May 2019

AbstractA 5-month-old female Golden Retriever dog presented with a 4-week history of right hindlimb lameness. A bone lesion on the proximal lateral trochlear ridge was detected at radiographic and ultrasound examinations. Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) or an articular fracture was included in the differential diagnoses. Computed tomography revealed an OCD lesion. A pantarsal arthrodesis was performed using a pre-bent arthrodesis locking plate. Histological analysis revealed pathological features typical of OCD. Clinical and radiographical assessments were performed 7, 15, 62 days and 7, 12 months postoperatively. No signs of pain were elicited upon palpation. Mechanical lameness, secondary to tarsal joint immobilization, was detected.
Nonoperative Treatment of Ulnar Carpometacarpal Fracture–Dislocations
Authors: Jiménez Isidro , Sánchez-Hernández Juan , Kiimetoglou Dimosthenis 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Background Ulnar carpometacarpal (CMC) joint dislocations and fracture–dislocations are uncommon injuries that are often overlooked. Most authors advocate surgical stabilization in order to prevent a secondary dislocation assuming that these injuries are inherently unstable.
Case Description This is a series of eight ulnar CMC joint dislocations and fracture–dislocations treated by closed reduction and splint immobilization after assessing the joint stability. Mean follow-up was 30.2 months, and minimum follow-up was 12 months. Satisfactory results were obtained in range of motion, grip strength, pain, DASH (Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand) questionnaire, and time to return to working activities. In the same period, the closed reduction and cast failed two (20%) cases that were referred for surgery.
Literature Review There is little published literature on the nonoperative treatment of these injuries. Most of them are isolated case reports, whereas the largest series reports four cases. All of them have reported satisfactory results.
Clinical Relevance Based on our results, we believe that if the diagnosis of an ulnar CMC joint dislocation or fracture–dislocation is early accomplished and a concentric and stable reduction is initially achieved, the nonoperative treatment may be a successful option to take into account but requiring a close follow-up for the first week.
How closely aligned are China and Russia? Measuring strategic cooperation in IR
Authors: Korolev Alexander 
Published: May 2019

AbstractRussia’s high-profile “turn to the East,” the deterioration of Russia–US relations after the Ukraine crisis, and China’s “new assertiveness” in the South and East China Seas have led to the perception that China and Russia are now “aligned” in opposition to US-led unipolarity. However, alignment remains an inchoate term that has not been systematically defined in the international relations literature. Thus, it is difficult to assess the degree to which China and Russia are aligned, as well as the extent to which their strategic cooperation has increased over time. This paper develops and applies an ordinal set of objective criteria for military alignment and applies these criteria to measure the degree of strategic cooperation in post-Cold War China–Russia relations. It also explores China–Russia cooperation across economic and diplomatic dimensions to assess the overall progress in the bilateral relationship over time. Drawing on multiple Chinese and Russian sources, it demonstrates that China and Russia have now developed strong military alignment, if not a full-fledged alliance, and that cooperation on each of the other two dimensions, while not yet as strong, has steadily increased since the end of the Cold War.
Emergence of stable striatal D1R and D2R neuronal ensembles with distinct firing sequence during motor learning
Authors: Sheng Meng-jun , Lu Di , Shen Zhi-ming , Poo Mu-ming 
Published: May 2019

Significance
The striatum is a brain region critical for motor and procedure learning. The distinct roles of the two neural pathways through the striatum, known as the direct and indirect pathways, remain to be clarified. Using two-photon calcium imaging of neuronal activity of the same population of dorsolateral striatum (DLS) neurons in behaving mice throughout the learning of a cue-triggered motor task, we discovered that DLS neuronal populations in these two pathways developed stable sequential firing patterns of a distinct time course after motor learning, with direct pathway neurons involved in the initiation of the learned motor action and indirect pathways responsible for suppressing erroneous motor actions. Thus, both pathways are required for motor learning and proper execution of learned motor behaviors.
Influence of the breathing pattern during resistance training on intraocular pressure
Authors: Vera Jesús , Perez‐Castilla Alejandro , Redondo Beatríz , De La Cruz Juan Carlos , Jiménez Raimundo , García‐Ramos Amador 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThis study aimed to assess the effect of the breathing pattern during resistance training on intraocular pressure (IOP). Twenty physically active collegiate students (7 women and 13 men) performed sets of 10 repetitions against the 10‐RM (repetition maximum) load during the back‐squat and biceps‐curl exercises following 3 different breathing patterns: (I) Valsalva: holding the breath during the entire repetition; (II) normal breathing: holding the breath and exhaling during the first and second phases of the repetition, respectively; and (III) modified breathing: inhaling and holding the breath during the first and second phases of the repetition, respectively. Rebound tonometry was used to measure IOP before exercise, after each of the 10 repetitions, and after 1 min of recovery. The breathing pattern significantly affected the changes in IOP values (p < 0.001, = 0.509) with the normal breathing pattern providing lower increases in IOP values compared to the Valsalva (p < 0.001, d = 1.47) and modified breathing (p < 0.001, d = 0.96). Higher IOP values were observed for the back‐squat compared to the biceps‐curl exercise (p = 0.003, = 0.384). A normal breathing pattern should be recommended to avoid abrupt increments in IOP during resistance training. These findings may be especially important for individuals at high risk for glaucoma onset or progression due to the necessity of maintaining stable IOP levels to avoid the progression of this disease. In future studies, the inclusion of glaucoma patients would allow to assess the generalizability of these findings.
Structural, vibrational and electronic properties of SnMBO4 (M  =  Al, Ga): a predictive hybrid DFT study
Authors: Curti Mariano , Mendive Cecilia B , Bredow Thomas , Mangir Murshed M , Gesing Thorsten M 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
We propose two new members of the mullite-type family, SnAlBO4 and SnGaBO4, and carry out an in-depth study of their crystal properties using the hybrid method PW1PW. Both are isostructural to PbMBO4 (M  =  Fe, Mn, Al, Ga), which show axial negative linear compressibility (ANLC), among other interesting features. We find that, although Sn2+ is susceptible of being oxidized by oxygen, a suitable range of experimental parameters exists in which the compounds could be synthesized. We observe absence of ANLC below 20 GPa and explain it by the small space occupied by the lone electron pairs, as indicated by the small length of the corresponding Liebau Density Vectors. In agreement with this fact, the structures present a low number of negative mode-Grüneisen parameters, which may also suggest lack of negative thermal expansion. The electronic properties show a remarkable anisotropic behaviour, with a strong dependence of the absorption spectra on light polarization direction.
Direct evaluation of the isotope effect within the framework of density functional theory for superconductors
Authors: Lüders Martin , Cudazzo Pierluigi , Profeta Gianni , Continenza Alessandra , Massidda Sandro , Sanna Antonio , Gross E K U 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Within recent developments of density functional theory, its numerical implementation and of the superconducting density functional theory is nowadays possible to predict the superconducting critical temperature,

, with sufficient accuracy to anticipate the experimental verification. In this paper we present an analytical derivation of the isotope coefficient within the superconducting density functional theory. We calculate the partial derivative of

with respect to atomic masses. We verified the final expression by means of numerical calculations of isotope coefficient in monatomic superconductors (Pb) as well as polyatomic superconductors (CaC6). The results confirm the validity of the analytical derivation with respect to the finite difference methods, with considerable improvement in terms of computational time and calculation accuracy. Once the critical temperature is calculated (at the reference mass(es)), various isotope exponents can be simply obtained in the same run. In addition, we provide the expression of interesting quantities like partial derivatives of the deformation potential, phonon frequencies and eigenvectors with respect to atomic masses, which can be useful for other derivations and applications.
Effect of inhomogeneous broadening on threshold current of GaN-based green laser diodes
Authors: Liang Yipeng , Liu Jianping , Ikeda Masao , Tian Aiqin , Zhou Renlin , Zhang Shuming , Liu Tong , Li Deyao , Zhang Liqun , Yang Hui 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The inhomogeneous broadening parameter and the internal loss of green LDs are determined by experiments and theoretical fitting. It is found that the inhomogeneous broadening plays an important role on the threshold current density of green LDs. The green LD with large inhomogeneous broadening even cannot lase. Therefore, reducing inhomogeneous broadening is a key issue to improve the performance of green LDs.
Star-shaped cities alleviate trade-off between climate change mitigation and adaptation
Authors: Pierer Carl , Creutzig Felix 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
To deal with climate change, cities must reduce their greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and at the same time mitigate climate impacts associated with the physical infrastructure of the built environment. One strand of literature demonstrates that compact cities of sufficient density result in lower GHG emissions in the transport and the buildings sectors compared to sprawled cities. Another strand of literature, however, reveals that compactness hinders climate adaptation by amplifying the urban heat island (UHI) effect. As a result, mitigation and adaptation objectives of cities appear to contradict each other. Here, we develop a geometrical optimization framework and model of a three-dimensional city that minimizes this conflict. It makes use of the observation that low-carbon efficient transport can be realized via linear public transport axes, and that GHG emissions and UHI effects scale differently with varying geometric properties, thus enabling design that reflects both the economics and the climate of cities. We find that star-shaped cities, in contrast to radially symmetric cities, are well suited to alleviate the problematic trade-off. We also demonstrate that urban design considerations depend on transport fuel prices. The results are of particular importance for city planners of rapidly urbanizing cities in Asia and Africa who still have the potential to shape urban layout.
Optical properties of high-quality oxide coating materials used in gravitational-wave advanced detectors
Authors: Amato Alex , Terreni Silvana , Dolique Vincent , Forest Danièle , Gemme Gianluca , Granata Massimo , Mereni Lorenzo , Michel Christophe , Pinard Laurent , Sassolas Benoit , Teillon Julien , Cagnoli Gianpietro , Canepa Maurizio 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
High-reflection interference mirrors for current gravitational wave detectors (aLIGO, Advanced Virgo, KAGRA) are made of high-quality oxide multi-layers deposited by ion beam sputtering (IBS) at the Laboratoire des Matériaux Avancés (LMA). For this task, LMA uses a large IBS custom-made machine (the grand coater GC) able to deposit very uniform coatings over very large surfaces, with diameter of some tens of cm. We report for the first time about the optical characterization by spectroscopic ellipsometry of oxide coatings deposited by the GC under strictly the same conditions used for the production of interference mirrors. We have investigated oxide materials like silica (SiO2), tantala (Ta2O5) and titania-doped tantala (Ti:Ta2O5), providing for each material a broad-band (190–1700 nm) accurate determination of the complex index of refraction, with particular attention to wavelengths used in interferometers. Particular focus has been dedicated to the influence of Ti-doping on tantala coating. The doping induces a red-shift of the optical gap and an increase of the NIR refractive index. Furthermore, doping induces a decrease of the so-called Urbach energy, consistent with the well-known reduction of the internal friction in these kind of systems.
You Can’t Drive a Car With Only Three Wheels
Authors: Banack Hailey R 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Authors aiming to estimate causal effects from observational data frequently discuss 3 fundamental identifiability assumptions for causal inference: exchangeability, consistency, and positivity. However, too often, studies fail to acknowledge the importance of measurement bias in causal inference. In the presence of measurement bias, the aforementioned identifiability conditions are not sufficient to estimate a causal effect. The most fundamental requirement for estimating a causal effect is knowing who is truly exposed and unexposed. In this issue of the Journal, Caniglia et al. (Am J Epidemiol. 2019;000(00):000–000) present a thorough discussion of methodological challenges when estimating causal effects in the context of research on distance to obstetrical care. Their article highlights empirical strategies for examining nonexchangeability due to unmeasured confounding and selection bias and potential violations of the consistency assumption. In addition to the important considerations outlined by Caniglia et al., authors interested in estimating causal effects from observational data should also consider implementing quantitative strategies to examine the impact of misclassification. The objective of this commentary is to emphasize that you can’t drive a car with only three wheels, and you also cannot estimate a causal effect in the presence of exposure misclassification bias.
Characterization of Aerosol Release during Spraying of Isocyanate Products
Authors: Ehnes Colin , Genz Manfred , Duwenhorst Jörn , Krasnow Jurij , Bleeke Jan , Schwarz Katharina , Koch Wolfgang , Schuchardt Sven 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The aerosol release during the professional application of two different isocyanate based two component spray systems was identified and the physicochemical properties of the released airborne aerosols were characterized. For this purpose, aerosol release fractions were measured using a mass balance method described by Schwarz and Koch. Besides the release of total aerosol mass special emphasis was directed to the content of free monomeric MDI (4,4′- and 2,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate) in three particle size fractions relevant for inhalation uptake: inhalable, thoracic, and respirable size fraction. Two products were investigated: a two component PUR (polyurethane) spray foam (Elastopor) and a polyurea spray coating (Elastocoat). The mass fraction of the applied products released with the overspray as inhalable aerosol is 6.3 × 10−4 (Elastopor) and 4.0 × 10−4 (Elastocoat). Of the released total overspray aerosol 75 or 80% were in the thoracic size range, and 26 or 47% in the respirable regime for the PUR spray foam or the polyurea spray coating, respectively. At the time point of release the content of monomeric MDI in the aerosol corresponds to the composition of the bulk product. However, analysis of air samples indicates that <1% of the spray foam aerosol mass release fraction is attributed to free monomeric 4,4′- and 2,4′-MDI. For the Spray Coating the monomeric MDI fraction is <0.1%. Higher oligomers of MDI and prereacted oligomeric reaction products make up a few percent of the aerosol. This results in a total fraction of 0.0023% (spray foam) and 0.00015% (spray coating), respectively, of the sprayed monomeric MDI that is transferred into an inhalable aged aerosol. This data demonstrates, that during professional spraying only a small fraction of the total applied mass is released as airborne aerosol. The potential distribution of the theoretically inhalable aerosol in the respiratory tract and a low residual monomer content is described, significantly contributing to a refined safety assessment of the spray applications at the workplaces.
Genome-wide functional association networks: background, data & state-of-the-art resources
Authors: Guala Dimitri , Ogris Christoph , Müller Nikola , Sonnhammer Erik L L 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The vast amount of experimental data from recent advances in the field of high-throughput biology begs for integration into more complex data structures such as genome-wide functional association networks. Such networks have been used for elucidation of the interplay of intra-cellular molecules to make advances ranging from the basic science understanding of evolutionary processes to the more translational field of precision medicine. The allure of the field has resulted in rapid growth of the number of available network resources, each with unique attributes exploitable to answer different biological questions. Unfortunately, the high volume of network resources makes it impossible for the intended user to select an appropriate tool for their particular research question. The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of the underlying data and representative network resources as well as to mention methods of integration, allowing a customized approach to resource selection. Additionally, this report will provide a primer for researchers venturing into the field of network integration.
Identifying progressive imaging genetic patterns via multi-task sparse canonical correlation analysis: a longitudinal study of the ADNI cohort
Authors: Du Lei , Liu Kefei , Zhu Lei , Yao Xiaohui , Risacher Shannon L , Guo Lei , Saykin Andrew J , Shen Li ,   Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Motivation
Identifying the genetic basis of the brain structure, function and disorder by using the imaging quantitative traits (QTs) as endophenotypes is an important task in brain science. Brain QTs often change over time while the disorder progresses and thus understanding how the genetic factors play roles on the progressive brain QT changes is of great importance and meaning. Most existing imaging genetics methods only analyze the baseline neuroimaging data, and thus those longitudinal imaging data across multiple time points containing important disease progression information are omitted.

Results
We propose a novel temporal imaging genetic model which performs the multi-task sparse canonical correlation analysis (T-MTSCCA). Our model uses longitudinal neuroimaging data to uncover that how single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) play roles on affecting brain QTs over the time. Incorporating the relationship of the longitudinal imaging data and that within SNPs, T-MTSCCA could identify a trajectory of progressive imaging genetic patterns over the time. We propose an efficient algorithm to solve the problem and show its convergence. We evaluate T-MTSCCA on 408 subjects from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative database with longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging data and genetic data available. The experimental results show that T-MTSCCA performs either better than or equally to the state-of-the-art methods. In particular, T-MTSCCA could identify higher canonical correlation coefficients and capture clearer canonical weight patterns. This suggests that T-MTSCCA identifies time-consistent and time-dependent SNPs and imaging QTs, which further help understand the genetic basis of the brain QT changes over the time during the disease progression.

Availability and implementation
The software and simulation data are publicly available at https://github.com/dulei323/TMTSCCA.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.