bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Highly Stable Ni‐Based Flexible Transparent Conducting Panels Fabricated by Laser Digital Patterning
Authors: Nam Vu Binh , Shin Jaeho , Yoon Yeosang , Giang Trinh Thi , Kwon Jinhyeong , Suh Young D. , Yeo Junyeob , Hong Sukjoon , Ko Seung Hwan , Lee Daeho 
Published: January 2019

AbstractA novel simple laser digital patterning process to fabricate Ni‐based flexible transparent conducting panels using solution‐processed nonstoichiometric nickel oxide (NiOx) thin films and their applications for flexible transparent devices are reported in this study. A large‐scale synthesis route to produce NiOx nanoparticle (NP) ink is also demonstrated. A low‐power continuous‐wave laser irradiation photothermochemically reduces and sinters selected areas of a NiOx NP thin film to produce Ni electrode patterns. Owing to the innovative NiOx NP ink and substantially lowered applied laser power density, Ni conductors can be fabricated, for the first time to the best of the authors' knowledge, even on a polyethylene terephthalate substrate, which is known to have one of the lowest glass‐transition temperatures among polymers. The resultant Ni electrodes exhibit a high‐temperature oxidation resistance up to approximately 400 °C, and high corrosion resistance in tap water and even in seawater. Moreover, a superior mechanical stability of the Ni conductors is confirmed by tape‐pull, ultrasonic‐bath, bending/twisting, and cyclic bending (up to 10 000 cycles) tests. Finally, flexible transparent touch screen panels and electrical heaters are fabricated with mesh‐type Ni conductors to demonstrate possible applications.
A Modular Vaccine Platform Combining Self‐Assembled Peptide Cages and Immunogenic Peptides
Authors: Morris Caroline , Glennie Sarah J. , Lam Hon S. , Baum Holly E. , Kandage Dhinushi , Williams Neil A. , Morgan David J. , Woolfson Derek N. , Davidson Andrew D. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractSubunit vaccines use delivery platforms to present minimal antigenic components for immunization. The benefits of such systems include multivalency, self‐adjuvanting properties, and more specific immune responses. Previously, the design, synthesis, and characterization of self‐assembling peptide cages (SAGEs) have been reported. In these, de novo peptides are combined to make hubs that assemble into nanoparticles when mixed in aqueous solution. Here it is shown that SAGEs are nontoxic particles with potential as accessible synthetic peptide scaffolds for the delivery of immunogenic components. To this end, SAGEs functionalized with the model antigenic peptides tetanus toxoid632‐651 and ovalbumin323‐339 drive antigen‐specific responses both in vitro and in vivo, eliciting both CD4+ T cell and B cell responses. Additionally, SAGEs functionalized with the antigenic peptide hemagglutinin518‐526 from the influenza virus are also able to drive a CD8+ T cell response in vivo. This work demonstrates the potential of SAGEs to act as a modular scaffold for antigen delivery, capable of inducing and boosting specific and tailored immune responses.
Super Moisture‐Absorbent Gels for All‐Weather Atmospheric Water Harvesting
Authors: Zhao Fei , Zhou Xingyi , Liu Yi , Shi Ye , Dai Yafei , Yu Guihua 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAtmospheric water harvesting (AWH)—producing fresh water via collecting moisture from air—enables sustainable water delivery without geographical and hydrologic limitations. However, the fundamental design principle to prepare materials that can convert the water vapor in the air to collectible liquid water is still mostly unknown. Here, a super moisture‐absorbent gel, which is composed of hygroscopic polypyrrole chloride penetrating in hydrophilicity‐switchable polymeric network of poly N‐isopropylacrylamide, is shown. Based on such design, a high‐efficiency water production by AWH has been achieved in a broad range of relative humidity. The synergistic effect enabled by the molecular level integration of hygroscopic and hydrophilicity‐switchable polymers in a network architecture presents controllable interaction between the gel and water molecules, simultaneously realizing efficient vapor capturing, in situ water liquefaction, high‐density water storage and fast water releasing under different weather conditions. Being an effective method to regulate migration of water molecules, such design represents a novel strategy to improve the AWH, and it is also fundamental to other water management systems for environmental cooling, surficial moisturizing and beyond.
Microfluidics Integrated Lithography‐Free Nanophotonic Biosensor for the Detection of Small Molecules
Authors: Sreekanth Kandammathe Valiyaveedu , Sreejith Sivaramapanicker , Alapan Yunus , Sitti Metin , Lim Chwee Teck , Singh Ranjan 
Published: January 2019

AbstractCurrently, labeling techniques are mostly used to study the binding kinetics of small molecules and their detection (molecular weights <500 Daltons) at low analyte concentrations. However, the fluorescent tags used in this method for conjugation may modify or prevent the functionality of the targeted molecules. Although label‐free techniques provide more accurate quantitative and kinetic measurements by monitoring the binding of analytes in their usual forms, the monitoring of small molecule binding at lower concentrations is still impossible using conventional refractometric sensing devices. Here, a label‐free and cost‐effective technique is demonstrated for the detection of ultralow molecular weight biomolecules such as biotin (244 Daltons) at very low concentrations. This extreme sensitivity is realized by utilizing the phase singularity feature of lithography‐free nanophotonic cavities. The proposed four‐layered metal‐dielectric‐dielectric‐metal asymmetric Fabry–Perot cavity exhibits point‐of‐darkness and phase singularity at the Brewster angle. Since the singular phase behavior depends on the topology of the cavity surface, it is very challenging to realize singular phase in reflection mode for a microfluidics integrated nanophotonic cavity. To overcome this issue, a specially designed polymethylmethacrylate microfluidic channel is integrated with the cavity.
Transition‐Metal‐Free Direct Trifluoromethylation and Perfluoroalkylation of Imidazopyridines under Mild Conditions
Authors: Han Shuaijun , Gao Xianying , Wu Qingsong , Li Jingya , Zou Dapeng , Wu Yangjie , Wu Yusheng 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe first transition‐metal‐free method for direct C−H trifluoromethylation of imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridine derivatives with readily available Ruppert‐Prakash reagent TMSCF3 under mild conditions was described. Moreover, this method could be applied to direct C−H perfluoroalkylation of imidazopyridines, affording a series of novel perfluoroalkylated products in moderate to good yields. Notable advantages of this protocol include easy operation, high‐efficiency and wide substrate scope.magnified image
Recent Progress in Inkjet‐Printed Thin‐Film Transistors
Authors: Chung Seungjun , Cho Kyungjune , Lee Takhee 
Published: January 2019

AbstractDrop‐on‐demand inkjet printing is one of the most attractive techniques from a manufacturing perspective due to the possibility of fabrication from a digital layout at ambient conditions, thus leading to great opportunities for the realization of low‐cost and flexible thin‐film devices. Over the past decades, a variety of inkjet‐printed applications including thin‐film transistors (TFTs), radio‐frequency identification devices, sensors, and displays have been explored. In particular, many research groups have made great efforts to realize high‐performance TFTs, for application as potential driving components of ubiquitous wearable electronics. Although there are still challenges to enable the commercialization of printed TFTs beyond laboratory‐scale applications, the field of printed TFTs still attracts significant attention, with remarkable developments in soluble materials and printing methodology. Here, recent progress in printing‐based TFTs is presented from materials to applications. Significant efforts to improve the electrical performance and device‐yield of printed TFTs to match those of counterparts fabricated using conventional deposition or photolithography methods are highlighted. Moreover, emerging low‐dimension printable semiconductors, including carbon nanotubes and transition metal dichalcogenides as well as mature semiconductors, and new‐concept printed switching devices, are also discussed.
Conjugated Polymer Blends for Organic Thermoelectrics
Authors: Zuo Guangzheng , Abdalla Hassan , Kemerink Martijn 
Published: January 2019

AbstractA major attraction of organic conjugated semiconductors is that materials with new, emergent functionality can be designed and made by simple blending, as is extensively used in, e.g., bulk heterojunction organic solar cells. Herein doped blends based on organic semiconductors (OSCs) for thermoelectric applications are critically reviewed. Several experimental strategies to improve thermoelectric performance, measured in terms of power factor (PF) or figure‐of‐merit ZT, have been demonstrated in recent literature. Specifically, density‐of‐states design in blends of two OSCs can be used to obtain electronic Seebeck coefficients up to ≈2000 µV K−1. Alternatively, blending with (high‐dielectric constant) insulating polymers can improve doping efficiency and thereby conductivity, as well as induce more favorable morphologies that improve conductivity while hardly affecting thermopower. In the PEDOT:polystyrene‐sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) blend system, processing schemes to either improve conductivity via morphology or via (partial) removal of the electronically isolating PSS, or both, have been demonstrated. Although a range of experiments have at least quasi‐quantitatively been explained by analytical or numerical models, a comprehensive model for organic thermoelectrics is lacking so far.
Erweiterung ungesättigter Siliciumcluster mit atomarer Genauigkeit
Authors: Leszczyńska Kinga I. , Huch Volker , Präsang Carsten , Schwabedissen Jan , Berger Raphael J. F. , Scheschkewitz David 
Published: January 2019

AbstractKleine bis mittelgroße Cluster treten in verschiedenen Bereichen der Chemie auf, z. B. als aktive Spezies der heterogenen Katalyse oder als kurzlebige Zwischenprodukte bei der chemischen Gasphasenabscheidung. Die Manipulation stabiler Repräsentanten beschränkt sich meist auf die stabilisierende Ligandenperipherie und schließt die systematische Variation des eigenschaftsbestimmenden Clustergerüsts praktisch aus. Wir berichten nun über die gezielte Erweiterung eines stabilen ungesättigten Siliciumclusters von sechs auf sieben und schließlich acht Gerüstatome. Die aufeinanderfolgende Anwendung von Lithium/Naphthalin als Reduktionsmittel und Decamethylsilicocen als elektrophile Siliciumquelle führt zur Erweiterung des Kerns um genau ein Atom mit dem Potenzial zur unendlichen Wiederholung.
γ‐Azaproline Confers pH Responsiveness and Functionalizability on Collagen Triple Helices
Authors: Aronoff Matthew R. , Egli Jasmine , Menichelli Massimiliano , Wennemers Helma 
Published: January 2019

AbstractProline derivatives bearing substituents at Cγ are valuable tools for biological and materials investigations. However, the stereochemistry at Cγ can produce undesired steric or stereoelectronic interactions. Here, we introduce γ‐azaproline (γ‐azPro), which lacks a stereogenic center at Cγ, as a pH‐responsive and functionalizable proline analogue that can adapt to its environment. Conformational analyses by NMR spectroscopy and DFT calculations revealed that the imidazolidine ring of γ‐azPro is flexible. Incorporation of γ‐azPro into collagen model peptides (CMPs) produced pH‐responsive triples helices and triple helices that can be easily functionalized.
Organophosphorus‐Catalyzed Deoxygenation of Sulfonyl Chlorides: Electrophilic (Fluoroalkyl)sulfenylation by PIII/PV=O Redox Cycling
Authors: Ghosh Avipsa , Lecomte Morgan , Kim‐Lee Shin‐Ho , Radosevich Alexander T. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractA method for electrophilic sulfenylation by organophosphorus‐catalyzed deoxygenative O‐atom transfer from sulfonyl chlorides is reported. This C−S bond‐forming reaction is catalyzed by a readily available small‐ring phosphine (phosphetane) in conjunction with a hydrosilane terminal reductant to afford a general entry to sulfenyl electrophiles, including valuable trifluoromethyl, perfluoroalkyl, and heteroaryl derivatives that are otherwise difficult to access. Mechanistic investigations indicate that the twofold deoxygenation of the sulfonyl substrate proceeds by the intervention of an off‐cycle resting state thiophosphonium ion. The catalytic method represents an operationally simple protocol using a stable phosphine oxide as a precatalyst and exhibits broad functional‐group tolerance.
Atomically Precise Expansion of Unsaturated Silicon Clusters
Authors: Leszczyńska Kinga I. , Huch Volker , Präsang Carsten , Schwabedissen Jan , Berger Raphael J. F. , Scheschkewitz David 
Published: January 2019

AbstractSmall‐ to medium‐sized clusters occur in various areas of chemistry, for example, as active species of heterogeneous catalysis or as transient intermediates during chemical vapor deposition. The manipulation of stable representatives is mostly limited to the stabilizing ligand periphery, virtually excluding the systematic variation of the property‐determining cluster scaffold. We now report the deliberate expansion of a stable unsaturated silicon cluster from six to seven and finally eight vertices. The consecutive application of lithium/naphthalene as the reducing agent and decamethylsilicocene as the electrophilic source of silicon results in the expansion of the core by precisely one atom with the potential of infinite repetition.
Nanocontainers for Analytical Applications
Authors: Hofmann Carola , Duerkop Axel , Baeumner Antje J. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractNanocontainers such as mesoporous silica particles and polymersomes are versatile structures containing holes or pores which are used for the entrapment of small molecules and the introduction of specific functionalities. They are widely applied in drug delivery, biomedicine, bioreactors, and analytical applications. In the last case, nanocontainers usually serve as amplification systems. They are hence synthesized to entrap signaling molecules and to bear functional moieties at the outer surface, which in turn enable specific analyte recognition and control of the nanocontainer pore permeability. This Review outlines the most important nanocontainer materials and discusses their synthesis, surface chemistry modifications, and strategies for molecule entrapment. Their advantages, challenges, and limitations are critically discussed in view of other common signal amplification strategies for different assay formats and various detection methods.
Two‐State Folding of the Outer Membrane Protein X into a Lipid Bilayer Membrane
Authors: Rath Parthasarathi , Sharpe Timothy , Kohl Bastian , Hiller Sebastian 
Published: January 2019

AbstractFolding and insertion of β‐barrel membrane proteins into native membranes is efficiently catalyzed by β‐barrel assembly machineries. Understanding this catalysis requires a detailed description of the corresponding uncatalyzed folding mechanisms, which however have so far remained largely unclear. Herein, the folding and membrane insertion of the E. coli outer membrane protein X (OmpX) into 1,2‐didecanoyl‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phosphocholine (PC10:0) membranes is resolved at the atomic level. By combining four different experimental techniques, global folding kinetics were correlated with global and local hydrogen bond‐formation kinetics. Under a well‐defined reaction condition, these processes follow single‐exponential velocity laws, with rate constants identical within experimental error. The data thus establish, at atomic resolution, that OmpX folds and inserts into the lipid bilayer of PC10:0 liposomes by a two‐state mechanism.
Organoruthenium (II) complexes featuring pyrazole‐linked Schiff base ligands: Crystal structure, DNA/BSA interactions, cytotoxicity and molecular docking
Authors: K.S. Neethu , Eswaran Jayanthi , M. Theetharappan , Nattamai S.P Bhuvanesh , M.A. Neelakantan , Velusamy Kaveri M. 
Published: January 2019

Half‐sandwiched ruthenium (II) arene complexes with piano stool‐like geometry with the general formula [(p‐cymene)RuClL1] and [(p‐cymene)RuClL2] [where L1 = (Z)‐N′‐((1,3‐diphenyl‐1H‐pyrazol‐4‐yl)methylene)furan‐2‐carbohydrazide and L2 = (Z)‐N′‐((1,3‐diphenyl‐1H‐pyrazol‐4‐yl)methylene)thiophene‐2‐carbohydrazide] were synthesized and characterized. The single crystal X‐ray data revealed that the complexes belong to the same crystal system (monoclinic) with octahedral geometry, where the ruthenium atom is surrounded by hydrazone ligand coordinated through ON atoms, one chloride labile co‐ligand and the remaining three coordination sites covered by an electron cloud of p‐cymene moiety. The interaction between the complexes and DNA/bovine serum albumin (BSA) was evaluated using absorption and emission titration methods showing intercalative modes of interaction. The DNA cleavage ability of the complexes was checked by agarose gel electrophoresis method exhibiting the destruction of DNA duplex arrangement. To understand the interaction between ruthenium complex and DNA/BSA molecule, molecular docking studies were performed. In vitro cytotoxicity of the complexes was examined by the 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay on human lung cancer cell line, A549, and found that at lower IC50, cell growth inhibition has occurred. Similarly, the IC50 values of the complexes treated with cancerous cell lines have produced a significant amount of lactase dehydrogenase and nitrite content in the culture medium, which were evaluated as apoptosis‐inducing factors, suggesting that the ruthenium (II) arene hydrazone complexes with pyrazole ligands have promising anticancer activities.
Investigation of the curing mechanism and properties of bismaleimide‐triazine resins containing phenolphthalein and cyano group
Authors: Wang Yuanying , Liu Siyang , Chen Ping , Zhu Xiaoyu , Xia Lianlian 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACTA series of bismaleimide‐triazine (BT) resins with and without O, O′‐diallyl bisphenol A (DABPA) were produced by mixing 2, 2‐bis (4‐cyanatophenyl) propane (BADCy) and MCBMI (2,6‐bis(4‐(1‐(4‐(4‐(2,5‐dioxo‐2,5‐dihydro‐1H‐pyrrol‐1‐yl)phenoxy)‐3‐methylphenyl)‐3‐oxo‐1,3‐dihydroisobenzofuran‐1‐yl)‐2‐methylphenoxy)benzonitrile). The resins show just one glass‐transition temperature (T
g) and enhanced flexural properties as well as superior fracture toughness compared with commercial BDM/BADCy system, in which BDM is (N,N′‐bismaleimido‐4,4′‐diphenylmethane). Introduction of DABPA can decrease the curing temperature of bismaleimide‐triazine (BT) resins but increase its impact strength. When the mole of DABPA reach up to 1.2, the impact strength was increased by 1.34 times in comparison with BDM/ BADCy system. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 136, 47420.
SiO2‐modified nanocomposite nanofiltration membranes with high flux and acid resistance
Authors: Wei Xiuzhen , Xu Xufeng , Wu Jiawei , Li Cuixia , Chen Jinyuan , Lv Bosheng , Zhu Baoku , Xiang Hai 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACTThin‐film nanocomposite (TFN) nanofiltration (NF) membranes with superior properties were prepared using hydrophilic SiO2 (HGPN‐SiO2) nanoparticles as the inorganic modifying monomer by an interfacial polymerization (IP) process. The effects of HGPN‐SiO2 on the morphology and surface properties of the prepared NF membranes were characterized by attenuated total reflectance–Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, surface zeta potential, and static contact angle. The addition of HGPN‐SiO2 can effectively improve the permeate flux of the NF membranes. When the HGPN‐SiO2 concentration in the aqueous phase was 0.08 wt %, the permeate flux of the TFN‐NF membrane was twice that of the pure NF membrane. Furthermore, the acid resistance of the TFN‐NF membrane was clearly improved with the addition of HGPN‐SiO2. Under neutral conditions, the TFN‐NF membrane showed superior flux and salt rejection stability in a long‐running operation. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47436.
Preparation, rheology, and film properties of polyacrylate latex using amphiphilic macroreversible addition‐fragmentation chain transfer agents as surfactants
Authors: Liu Weiwei , Zhang Shuangkun , Li Qi , Li Xiaoyu , Wang Haiqiao 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACTReversible addition‐fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) radical emulsion polymerization of n‐butyl acrylate (nBA) and methyl methacrylate (MMA) was successfully performed in the presence of the amphiphilic macro‐RAFT agents poly(acrylic acid‐b‐styrene) (PAA‐PSt) trithiocarbonate. First, the amphiphilic macro‐RAFT agents PAA‐PSt were prepared and their surface activities in aqueous solutions were studied. Subsequently, the effects of pH values of the latexes and degree of polymerization (DP) of the PAA hydrophilic segments in the amphiphilic macro‐RAFT agents on the latex particle size and molecular weight of the polyacrylate products, as well as the rheological properties of the latexes, surface morphology, and water resistance of the latex films were investigated in detail. It was found that the rheological behaviors of the as‐prepared latexes can be tuned by adjusting solid content, temperature, pH value, and DP of the hydrophilic segments, respectively, due to their effects on particle packing, hydrophobic association, hydration layer, and hydrodynamics volume. In addition, atomic force microscopy (AFM) was applied to investigate the surface morphology, and the results demonstrated that the surface phase separation and roughness of the latex films changed with the latex pH values and DP of the hydrophilic segments. Finally, the films with good water resistance were obtained by directly casting the as‐prepared polyacrylate latexes at room temperature. Our study indicated that employing amphiphilic macro‐RAFT agents to prepare polyacrylate latexes with well‐defined chemical compositions and structures is a facile and environmentally friendly strategy, which would have wide potential application in coatings, inks, adhesives and thickening agents, and so on. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci.2019,136, 47463.
Improvement of thermal and mechanical properties by control of formulations in rigid polyurethane foams from polyols functionalized with graphene oxide
Authors: Santiago‐Calvo Mercedes , Blasco Victoria , Ruiz Carolina , París Rodrigo , Villafañe Fernando , Rodríguez‐Pérez Miguel Ángel 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACTThis article addresses the optimization of water‐blown rigid polyurethane (RPU) foams obtained from a polyol functionalized with graphene oxide (GO). For this purpose, a series of RPU foams are herein synthesized by varying either the isocyanate index, the contents of catalyst or the contents of surfactant, or a combination of these three components. The modifications introduced in the formulation are based on the effect of GO on the reaction kinetics. These strategies are mainly focused on the increase of both isocyanate conversion and polymerization reaction, which decrease for the foams containing GO. Density, cellular structure, thermal conductivity, and mechanical properties of the resulting foams are herein investigated. The results show how controlling PU formulation allows to improve both the thermal and the mechanical behavior in these RPU foams containing GO. The highest cell size reduction of 25% and the lowest thermal conductivity are obtained for the sample with a simultaneous increase in isocyanate index, catalyst content, and surfactant content. Moreover, the adequate combination of these components leads to a high improvement of 59% of the relative Young's modulus and of 54% of the relative collapse stress. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47474.