bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Home-comers as a source of language contact: Return Azorean emigrants’ English code-switching practices
Authors: Linares Emily 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe aim of this paper is two-fold: first, it seeks to highlight the potential ofreturnemigrants — orhome-comers— to introduce lexical change in their first language (L1). Second, it represents a contribution to Lusophone linguistics and Romance linguistics more broadly in examining speech performance data from home-comers of an under-researched Portuguese variety, a dialect of Azorean Portuguese. Drawing on Backus’s notion ofentrenchment, I first present home-comers as a possible source of language change due to their contact with and potential use of L2 lexical items encountered abroad, and I highlight the Azores as an important yet overlooked site for language contact and change. In analyzing spontaneous oral narratives of emigration collected in the Azores, I demonstrate how home-comers’ ideological attitudes and linguistic resources serve as the ground on which linguistic changes occur. After examining the import of performance data on the individual level, I consider the status of a particular lexical category of code-switches — English discourse markers (i.e. ‘so’ and ‘you know’) — in Romance and their potential to become lexicalized and regarded as Portuguese in this particular contact situation.
Translocator Protein Ligand Protects against Neurodegeneration in the MPTP Mouse Model of Parkinsonism
Authors: Gong Jing , Szego Éva M. , Leonov Andrei , Benito Eva , Becker Stefan , Fischer Andre , Zweckstetter Markus , Outeiro Tiago , Schneider Anja 
Published: February 2019

Parkinson's disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disease, after Alzheimer's disease. Parkinson's disease is a movement disorder with characteristic motor features that arise due to the loss of dopaminergic neurons from the substantia nigra. Although symptomatic treatment by the dopamine precursor levodopa and dopamine agonists can improve motor symptoms, no disease-modifying therapy exists yet. Here, we show that Emapunil (AC-5216, XBD-173), a synthetic ligand of the translocator protein 18, ameliorates degeneration of dopaminergic neurons, preserves striatal dopamine metabolism, and prevents motor dysfunction in female mice treated with the MPTP, as a model of parkinsonism. We found that Emapunil modulates the inositol requiring kinase 1α (IRE α)/X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1) unfolded protein response pathway and induces a shift from pro-inflammatory toward anti-inflammatory microglia activation. Previously, Emapunil was shown to cross the blood–brain barrier and to be safe and well tolerated in a Phase II clinical trial. Therefore, our data suggest that Emapunil may be a promising approach in the treatment of Parkinson's disease.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTOur study reveals a beneficial effect of Emapunil on dopaminergic neuron survival, dopamine metabolism, and motor phenotype in the MPTP mouse model of parkinsonism. In addition, our work uncovers molecular networks which mediate neuroprotective effects of Emapunil, including microglial activation state and unfolded protein response pathways. These findings not only contribute to our understanding of biological mechanisms of translocator protein 18 (TSPO) function but also indicate that translocator protein 18 may be a promising therapeutic target. We thus propose to further validate Emapunil in other Parkinson's disease mouse models and subsequently in clinical trials to treat Parkinson's disease.
Comparative Analysis of Brain and Fat Body Gene Splicing Patterns in the Honey Bee, Apis mellifera
Authors: Kannan Kavya , Shook Molly , Li Yang , Robinson Gene E , Ma Jian 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
RNA-seq has proven to be a powerful tool to unravel various aspects of the transcriptome, especially the quantification of alternative splicing (AS) that leads to isoform diversity. The honey bee (Apis mellifera) is an important model organism for studying the molecular underpinnings of behavioral plasticity and social behavior, and recent RNA-seq studies of honey bees have revealed AS patterns and their regulation by DNA methylation. However, tissue-specific AS patterns have not been fully explored. In this paper, we characterized AS patterns in two different honey bee tissue types, and also explored their conservation and regulation. We used the RNA-seq data from brain and fat body to improve the existing models of honey bee genes and identified tissue-specific AS patterns. We found that AS genes show high conservation between honey bee and Drosophila melanogaster. We also confirmed and extended previous findings of a correlation between gene body DNA methylation and AS patterns, providing further support for the role of DNA methylation in regulating AS. In addition, our analysis suggests distinct functional roles for tissue-specific alternatively spliced genes. Taken together, our work provides new insights into the conservation and dynamics of AS patterns across different tissue types.
A Comprehensive Review Study on Scabies and its Associated Impact on Psycho-Social Health of an Individual.
Authors: Alsyali Zeyad , Alaithan Abdullah , Almubarak Khalid , Alibrahim Hassan , Almansour Abdulrahman , Albalawi Turki , Daimi Syed Rehan Hafiz , Mohiuddin Shamim Shaikh 
Published: February 2019

Scabies is a common skin disorder. It is caused by a mite called Sarcoptes Scabiei. Sarcoptes scabiei is an arthropod that burrows into the skin and live and reproduce there. The class is Arachnida, subclass acari, family sarcoptidae. The mites are usually not seen with naked eye. The parasite burrows into the epidermis of the skin using it as a shelter and it leaves the eggs inside. Scabies is a disease transmitted by direct skin to skin contact with the infected person or with his items such as clothing or blankets used by the infected person and so on. After a while as an immune reaction this will cause an intense itching and skin rash especially in fingers, axilla, wrists, areola and genitalia. In this comprehensive review study, we are going to discuss the histopathology and life cycle of causative agent, disease transmission, sign and symptoms, prevention and psychosocial impact of an individual
Tarihsel Bakış Açısı Edinme Ölçeğinin Türkçeye Uyarlanması ve Tarih ve Sosyal Bilgiler Öğretmen Adaylarının Tarihsel Bakış Açısı Edinme Becerilerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: DİNÇ Erkan , ÜZTEMUR Servet 
Published: February 2019

Bu araştırmanın amacı tarihsel bakış
açısı edinme ölçeğini Türkçeye uyarlayarak tarih ve sosyal bilgiler öğretmen
adaylarının tarihsel bakış açısı edinme becerilerini incelemektir. Kesitsel
tarama modeline göre desenlenen araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 2017-2018 öğretim
yılında Gazi, Necmettin Erbakan ve Uşak üniversitelerinin çeşitli pogramlarında
öğrenim gören ve tesadüfi örnekleme yöntemiyle seçilmiş 386 tarih ve sosyal
bilgiler öğretmen adayı oluşturmaktadır. Tarihsel bakış açısı edinme ölçeğinin
Türkçe sürümünün yapı geçerliliği belirlemek için doğrulayıcı faktör analizi
yapılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde betimsel istatistikler, t-testi, Brown-Forsythe ve Welch istatistikleri ve tek
yönlü varyans analizinden faydalanılmıştır. Araştırma bulguları tarihsel bakış
açısı edinme ölçeğinin Türkçe sürümünün orijinal ölçeğin yapısıyla uyumlu bir
şekilde geçerli ve güvenilir bir yapıda olduğunu göstermiştir. Yapılan
incelemeler ayrıca bazı değişkenler açısından gruplar arasında çeşitli
farklılıklar olsa da tarih ve sosyal bilgiler öğretmen adaylarının tarihsel
bakış açısı edinme becerlerinin yeterli düzeyde olduğunu göstermiştir.
Çalışmanın son kısmında bu sonuçlardan hareketle tarihsel bakış açısı edinme
becerilerinin ölçülmesinin Türkiye bağlamındaki yer ve önemi tartışılmıştır.&nbsp;
CLINICO-LABORATORY CRITERIA FOR EVALUATING DYSFUNCTION OF KIDNEY ALLOTRASPLAT FOR THE OPTIMIZATION OF IMMUNOSUPRESS SCHEMES IN THE EARLY AND REMOTE PERIODS AFTER KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION
Authors: Lavrishcheva Yu. V. , Kuvardin E. S. 
Published: February 2019

Background. A significant role in solving the problem of renal replacement therapy should be played by kidney transplantation, which is now widely regarded as the optimal method for treating end-stage renal failure. An important problem remains the survival of the graft, and therefore it is necessary to find the most optimal method for diagnosing the earliest lesion of the graft.Objective. Examine the possibility of using glomerular filtration rate calculated by the Cockcroft–Gault (C&G) and EPI formulas to assess renal allograft function.Design and methods. 216 patients with functioning renal allograft were examined, among them 92 women and 124 men, the average age was 56.8 ± 12.8 years. All patients completed: determination of serum creatinine level (Cr) (mmol/l), determination of the level of daily proteinuria (g/day), calculation of glomerular filtration rate using the formula EPI (ml/min) and Cockcroft–Gault formula (ml/min). All patients received immunosuppressive therapy.Results. We divided patients into 4 groups: 1 — patients without daily proteinuria with serum creatinine (Cr) < 0.110 mmol/l, 2 — patients without daily proteinuria with Cr > 0.110 mmol/l, 3 — patients with daily proteinuria less than 0.15 g/day with Cr < 0.110 mmol/l, 4 — patients with daily proteinuria more than 0.15 g/day with Cr > 0.110 mmol/l. The average Cr level was in the group 1 — 0.093 ± 0.001 mmol/l, in 2 — 0.162 ± 0.005 mmol/l, and 0.081 ± 0.002 mmol/l, and 0.135 ± 0.012 mmol/l in 3 and 4 groups, respectively. Glomerular filtration rate Cockcroft–Gault and EPI, respectively, in group 1 — 82.1 ± 4.4 ml/min and 74.9 ± 3.7 ml/min, in 2 — 55.3 ± 2.9 ml/min and 46.8 ± 2.4 ml/min, at 3 — 79.4 ± 2.8 ml/min and 71.1 ± 2.5 ml/min, at 4 — 51.2 ± 1.6 ml/min and 42.5 ± 1.2 ml/min. Сr level is not a sufficiently accurate indicator of allograft dysfunction, as in group 1 it was significantly higher than in group 3 (p < 0.01), exactly the same picture was observed when comparing groups 2 and 4. At the same time, glomerular filtration rate using the Cockcroft–Gault formula and EPI formula was slightly higher in group 3 and 4 compared with group 1 and 2.Conclusion. Calculating glomerular filtration rate using the Cockcroft–Gault formula and EPI formula is a more sensitive method for assessing renal allograft dysfunction.
Predictors of Depressive Symptoms Among Mid-Aged and Older Men With Diabetes in China
Authors: He Ping , Hu Ying , Li Changwei , Wu Dongmei , Ge Song , Liu Tingting 
Published: February 2019

Background and Purpose:Although mounting evidence has consistently shown that depressive symptoms are more common among diabetic women than among diabetic men, diabetic men are frequently overlooked in diabetes-related mental health studies, and research on predicators of depressive symptoms among diabetic men remains scarce. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the gender-specific characteristics that predict depressive symptoms among mid-aged and elderly men with diabetes.Methods:A secondary data analysis was performed using the baseline data from the China and Health Retirement Longitudinal Study. A total of 824 men aged 45 years or older with diabetes were included in the analysis. Depressive symptoms were measured with the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale short form. Age, education level, marital status, nighttime sleep duration, smoking status, duration of diabetes, treatment with insulin, and pain were based on self-reports. Information on hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), functional impairment, weight, height, and blood lipids was also collected.Results:The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 22.7%. Male-specific significant predictors of depressive symptoms included nighttime sleep duration (short sleepers [p = .019], normal sleepers [p = .001], and long sleepers [p = .000]), instrumental activities of daily living (p = .001), and pain (mild pain [p = .003], moderate pain [p = .024], and severe pain [p = .017]).Implications for Practice:This study provides important findings about nighttime sleep duration, pain, and functional impairment and their relationships with presence of depressive symptoms in mid-aged and older men with diabetes. Screening tools should include these items to enable early detection and depression treatment for vulnerable men who may be otherwise missed.
Implications of Transitional Care Interventions on Hospital Readmissions in Patients With Destination Therapy Left Ventricular Assist Devices
Authors: Iseler Jackeline I. , Wierenga Kelly L. , Shaid Elizabeth C. , Hirschman Karen 
Published: February 2019

Background:The rising number of patients with a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) require care management to successfully transition home after implantation. These patients and their families need to manage their heart failure, and the complexities of an LVAD and the associated lifestyle modifications. Translating knowledge of transitional care interventions in patients with chronic diseases to those with an LVAD may provide valuable insight. To help inform the furthering of care transitions in the LVAD patient population, an integrative review was conducted.Aim:The aim of this review was to explore the transitions of care interventions of care in patients and its potential for application in the destination therapy LVAD.Methods:This integrative review was guided by the Whittemore and Knafl's methodology.Results:A total of 12 articles from 264 retrieved articles met inclusion criteria and were included in the literature review.Discussion:This review identified that evidence-based transitional care interventions have been shown to decrease avoidable rehospitalization, the associated costs, and improve quality of life when compared to usual care.Implications for Practice:A common feature of transitional care interventions is the inclusion of nurse leadership. Nurses should be prepared to participate in transitional care interventions to optimally improve outcomes for patients with heart failure and potentially those with an LVAD. Additionally, to make transitional care interventions more effective they should be implemented with moderate intensity or greater.Conclusion:This review provided information supporting the trialing of transitional care interventions in patients with an LVAD and suggests pilot research to optimize interventions for this population.
Characterising social pathologies: an analytic grid
Authors: Freyenhagen Fabian 
Published: February 2019

In this paper, I would like to take up one proposal that I touch on as part of the longer paper delivered at the SPT conference on Critical Theory and the Concept of Social Pathology. The proposal is an analytic grid for characterising social pathologies, particularly in thelight of the conceptualisations of this idea specified within the Frankfurt School CriticalTheory tradition.Let me first summarise briefly the longer paper. I present some general features of the idea of social pathology (see below), and suggest that this idea can set FrankfurtSchool Critical Theory apart from mainstream liberal approaches – notably, in virtue of the specifically ethical register it involves (rather than a justice-based one dominant incontemporary liberalism) and the interdisciplinary approach it calls for (which marks a contrast to the relatively stark division between normative theorising and the social sciences characteristic of much of political philosophy today). I criticise the way Habermas and Honneth transform the early Frankfurt School conceptualisations of this idea by tying itto their respective models of functional differentiation of society.
RESPOSTAS FISIOLÓGICAS AO EXERCÍCIO AQUÁTICO EM GESTANTES HIPERTENSA E NORMOTENSA: RELATO DE CASO CONTROLE
Authors: Rosa Guilherme , Henriques Ighor , Soutinho Ingrid de Freitas , Silva Gustavo Neves Monteiro , Mello Danielli Braga de , Pereira Fábio Dutra 
Published: February 2019

Contexto: Exercícios aquáticos são prescritos para gestantes devido seus benefícios para a mãe e bebê, entretanto, é importante conhecer as respostas fisiológicas à prática do exercício nessa população.Objetivos: avaliar as adaptações fisiológicas ao exercício aquático em uma gestante hipertensa e uma gestante normotensa.Método: Relato de caso/controle composto por 2 mulheres gestantes (1 hipertensa, 31 anos, 102,1kg, 1,60m e sedentária; e 1 normotensa, 35 anos, 97,8kg, 1,73m, e fisicamente ativa), ambas no terceiro trimestre de gestação. Avaliou-se a frequência cardíaca (FC), pressão arterial sistólica (PAS), pressão arterial diastólica (PAD), duplo produto (DP), variabilidade da frequência cardíaca (VFC), e glicose sanguínea (GLI) em quatro momentos distintos: em decúbito dorsal após repouso de 15’ (M1), em imersão em piscina com água na altura do manúbrio esternal após repouso de 5’ (M2), imediatamente após a sessão de exercício aquático (M3), e em decúbito dorsal após repouso de 5’ (M4) respectivamente, exceto para a GLI que foi aferida apenas em M1, M3 e M4. A sessão de exercício consistiu em movimentos de adução e abdução horizontal de ombros combinados com flexão e extensão de quadril sem a utilização de implementos e intensidade entre 60% e 80% da FC máxima.Resultados: observou-se que as variáveis hemodinâmicas apresentaram modificações apenas em função da imersão na piscina. A sessão de exercício provocou elevação nas variáveis analisadas em ambas participantes, exceto para GLI que apresentou redução. Destaca-se a melhora em FC, PAS, PAD, DP, VFC e GLI na gestante hipertensa em M4 em comparação ao M1.Conclusoes: o exercício aquático provocou adaptações fisiológicas positivas apresentando-se como uma possível modalidade a ser praticadas por gestantes.
Discerning In-Situ Performance of an Enhanced-Oil-Recovery Agent in the Midst of Geological Uncertainty: II. Fluvial-Deposit Reservoir
Authors: Fatemi S. A. , Jansen J.-D.. -D. , Rossen W. R. 
Published: February 2019

SummaryAn enhanced-oil-recovery (EOR) pilot test has multiple goals, among them to be profitable (if possible), demonstrate oil recovery, verify the properties of the EOR agent in situ, and provide the information needed for scaleup to an economical process. Given the complexity of EOR processes and the inherent uncertainty in the reservoir description, it is a challenge to discern the properties of the EOR agent in situ in the midst of geological uncertainty. We propose a numerical case study to illustrate this challenge: a polymer EOR process designed for a 3D fluvial-deposit water/oil reservoir. The polymer is designed to have a viscosity of 20 cp in situ. We start with 100 realizations of the 3D reservoir to reflect the range of possible geological structures honoring the statistics of the initial geological uncertainties. For a population of reservoirs representing reduced geological uncertainty after 5 years of waterflooding, we select three groups of 10 realizations out of the initial 100, with similar water-breakthrough dates at the four production wells. We then simulate 5 years of polymer injection. We allow that the polymer process might fail in situ and viscosity could be 30% of that intended. We test whether the signals of this difference at injection and production wells would be statistically significant in the midst of geological uncertainty. Specifically, we compare the deviation caused by loss of polymer viscosity with the scatter caused by the geological uncertainty using a 95% confidence interval. Among the signals considered, polymer-breakthrough time, minimum oil cut, and rate of rise in injection pressure with polymer injection provide the most-reliable indications of whether a polymer viscosity was maintained in situ.
Acute cerebral infarction in a patient with an epidural catheter after left upper lobe resection: A case report
Authors: Kitajima Asuka , Otsuka Yuji , Sanui Masamitsu , Lefor Alan Kawarai 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Background
There are several recent reports that left upper lobe lung resection is a risk factor for the development of postoperative thromboembolism. Although administering epidural analgesia is common in thoracic surgery, anesthesiologists should be alert when administering epidural analgesia to a patient undergoing left upper lobectomy, considering the increased risk of postoperative thromboembolism and the potential need for anticoagulation or fibrinolytic therapy in the immediate postoperative period.
Case presentation
A seventy-one-year-old female with a metastatic lung lesion developed a cerebral infarction approximately 30 hours after video-assisted thoracoscopic left upper lobectomy. Cerebral intravascular therapy was indicated and the epidural catheter was removed immediately to avoid formation of an epidural hematoma. Approximately four hours after onset, reperfusion was successfully established by aspiration of endovascular thrombi. She recovered with mild residual paralysis of the left upper extremity and was transferred to a rehabilitation facility.
Conclusions
We present a patient with a cerebral infarction after left upper lobectomy. Left upper lobectomy is associated with an increased risk of postoperative thromboembolism. Although the exact mechanism of thrombosis after left upper lobectomy is unclear, a judicious decision should be made regarding epidural catheter placement for postoperative analgesia.
Outcomes After Noncardiac Surgery For Patients With Pulmonary Hypertension: A Historical Cohort Study
Authors: Sprung Juraj , Deljou Atousa , Sabov Moldovan , Kane Garvan C , Frantz Robert P. , DuBrock Hilary M , Martin David , Schroeder Darrell R , Johnson Madeline Q. , Weingarten Toby N 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Abstract
Background: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a significant preoperative risk factor. We aimed to determine predictors of perioperative morbidity and mortality after noncardiac surgery for patients with precapillary PH.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of adults with pulmonary hypertension having surgery at a single large medical referral center. The PH and surgical databases were reviewed from 2010 to 2017. Patients were excluded if PH was attributable to left-sided heart disease or they had undergone cardiac or transplant operations. To assess whether PH-specific diagnostic or cardiopulmonary testing parameters were predictive of perioperative complications, analyses were performed using generalized estimating equations.
Results: Of 196 patients with PH undergoing noncardiac operations, 53 (27%) experienced 1 or more complications, including 5 deaths (3%) within 30 days. After adjustment for age and PH type, there were more complications in those undergoing moderate-to-high vs low-risk procedures (odds ratio [OR], 4.17 [95% CI, 2.07 to 8.40]; P<0.001). After adjustment for age, surgical risk, and PH type, the risk for complications was higher for patients with worse functional status (OR, 2.39 [95% CI, 1.19 to 4.78]; P=0.01 for class 3/4 vs class 1/2) and elevated serum N-terminal fragment of the prohormone brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) (OR, 2.28 [95% CI, 1.05 to 4.96]; P=0.04 for ≥300 vs. <300 pg/mL). From an analysis that included covariates for age, surgical risk, and functional status, elevated serum NT-proBNP levels remained associated with increased risk (OR, 2.23 [95% CI, 1.05 to 4.76]; P=0.04).
Conclusions: Patients with PH undergoing noncardiac surgery with general anesthesia have a high frequency of perioperative complications. Specific clinical (functional status), diagnostic (serum NT-proBNP), and intraoperative factors (higher-risk surgery) are predictive of worse outcomes.