bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antitumor activity of gamma-irradiated Rosa canina L. against lung carcinoma in rat model: a proposed mechanism
Authors: Abo-Zaid Omayma A. R. , Moawed Fatma S. M. , Eldin Eman S. , Farrag Mostafa A. , Ahmed Esraa S. A. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Lung cancer is one of the most prevalent malignancies globally and is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Although cisplatin is a widely utilized chemotherapeutic agent, its clinical efficacy is often hampered by significant toxicity and undesirable side effects. Rosa canina, a medicinal plant, has demonstrated a range of beneficial biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, anticancer, immunomodulatory, antioxidant, and genoprotective effects.

Methods
This study aimed to investigate the potential of Rosa canina to enhance the anticancer efficacy of cisplatin in a dimethyl benz(a)anthracene-induced lung cancer model using female rats. The animals were administered Rosa canina, cisplatin, or a combination of both treatments. The expression levels of critical signaling molecules were evaluated, including phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K), Akt, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP-1), myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), and tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor (TRAF), in addition to various autophagic markers. Furthermore, we assessed the levels of toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), and apoptotic markers in lung tissue, complemented by histopathological examinations.

Results
The combined treatment of Rosa canina extract and cisplatin significantly inhibited lung cancer cell proliferation by downregulating PARP-1 and the TLR2/MyD88/TRAF6/NF-κB signaling pathway, as well as the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. Moreover, this combination therapy promoted autophagy and apoptosis, evidenced by elevated levels of autophagic and apoptotic markers.

Conclusion
Overall, the findings of this study suggest that Rosa canina enhances the anticancer effects of cisplatin by inhibiting cancer cell proliferation while simultaneously inducing autophagy and apoptosis. Thus, Rosa can be used as adjuvant to cisplatin chemotherapy to overcome its limitations which may be considered a new approach during lung cancer treatment strategy.

Graphical Abstract
Turkish validity and reliability of children’s environmental health knowledge and skills questionnaires for nursing students
Authors: Gürgen Şimşek Hatice , Dağhan Şafak 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
A constantly changing and polluted environment can negatively affect children’s health. Nursing education should enable the training of future nurses who are fully equipped to protect and improve children’s health. In this respect, it is necessary to evaluate the knowledge and skills of nurse candidates. To examine the psychometric properties of the “Children’s Environmental Health Knowledge (ChEHK-Q) and Skills (ChEHS-Q) Questionnaire” among Turkish-speaking nursing students.

Methods
This study employed a methodological method. An online survey was administered to 300 students in a nursing department in western Türkiye in 2021. Expert opinions were obtained for content and language validity. The validity of the scales was analysed via “Rasch measurement theory”, and whether the necessary preconditions for the analysis (the item function difference, local independence, reliability, and unidimensionality) were met was checked. Then, the item difficulty, person ability, and response threshold value ranking data were obtained. SPSS 25.0 software, LISREL Vrs. 8.80 program and Winsteps 3.92.1 Version program were used.

Results
The content validity indices of both scales were above 0.80. Only item 12 of the ChEHS-Q was removed because it did not provide cultural appropriateness. Both scales met the Rasch measurement theory assumption and had model fit. The ChEHK-Q infit values ranged from 0.13 to 1.07, and the outfit values ranged from 0.88 to 1.17. The ChEHS-Q infit values ranged from 0.82 to 1.19, and the outfit values ranged from 0.86 to 1.19.

Conclusions
Both questionnaires were found to be valid and reliable instruments in the Turkish language. Scales can provide ideas for shaping the nursing education curriculum in Türkiye. In this way, by determining which subjects are deficient, education programs can be arranged to eliminate these deficiencies. Nurses’ awareness of environmental health is also important in improving public health. Graduating nurses can inform families by identifying environmental risks and contribute to the creation of healthy living conditions.In addition, it can be used in clinical practice (public health nursing, etc.) and national and international research (randomized controlled trials evaluating planned educational activities).

Clinical Trial Number
Not applicable.
Global and regional incidence of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Jamshidi Kerachi Ali , Shahlaee Mohammad Amin , Habibi Pardis , Dehdari Ebrahimi Niloofar , Ala Moein , Sadeghi Alireza 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) can be a source of significant distress for both pregnant women and the fetus, impairing the quality of life and well-being of pregnant women, leading to psychological disorders among pregnant women with severe or recurrent ICP, and causing life-threatening complications among fetuses. Regrettably, our current understanding of ICP globally is limited, lacking a comprehensive estimation of its incidence. Therefore, in this systematic review and meta-analysis, we aimed to investigate the global and regional incidence of ICP and identify factors that account for its variety across studies.

Methods
A comprehensive search strategy was implemented across PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. To stabilize the variance, the Freeman-Tukey double arcsine transformation was employed. Subgroup analyses were conducted based on continent, publication type, study design and timing, regional classifications, developmental status, and World Bank income grouping. A multivariate meta-regression analysis was performed to estimate the effects of the continuous moderators on the effect size.

Results
A total of 42,972,872 pregnant women were analyzed from 302 studies. The overall pooled incidence [95% confidence interval] of ICP was 2.9% [2.5, 3.3]. Studies with larger sample sizes tended to provide significantly lower estimates of ICP incidence: 1.6% [1.3, 2] vs 4.7% [3.9, 5.5]. Asia had the highest incidence of ICP among the continents, whereas Oceania had the lowest. Countries that were classified as developed and with higher income had a lower incidence of ICP than those classified as developing and low and middle income.

Conclusions
The findings of this study will provide valuable insights into the current knowledge regarding the association of the quality of public health and socioeconomic variations with the incidence of ICP on a global scale.

Graphical Abstract
Accelerometer-measured physical activity, frailty, and all-cause mortality and life expectancy among middle-aged and older adults: a UK Biobank longitudinal study
Authors: Yang Yang , Chen Liangkai , Filippidis Filippos T. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Physical activity (PA) is associated with reduced frailty and lower mortality rates among middle-aged and older adults. However, the extent to which total PA volume and specific PA intensities are associated with mortality risk across frailty status remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the interactive effects of accelerometer-measured PA with frailty on all-cause mortality and life expectancy.

Methods
A total of 78,508 participants were sourced from the UK Biobank for analysis. Frailty index (FI) was used to assess frailty status. Physical activity and sedentary behavior were quantified through accelerometer measurements, capturing the total volume of physical activity (TVPA), moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA), light-intensity physical activity (LPA), and sedentary time (ST). Cox proportional hazard models were applied to calculate adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and predict life expectancy.

Results
During a median follow-up of 6.9 years, 2618 deaths (2.9%) were identified. Compared with robust and physically active counterparts, individuals characterized by frailty, combined with the lowest levels of TVPA (HR 3.05, 95% CI: 2.50–3.71), MVPA (HR 2.65, 95% CI: 2.19–3.21), LPA (HR 2.26; 95% CI: 1.81–2.83), or the highest level of ST (HR 2.08, 95% CI: 1.66–2.61), were found to have the greatest risk of all-cause mortality after comprehensive adjustment. The dose–response relationship, assessed using restricted cubic splines, consistently demonstrated that regardless of frailty categories, higher levels of TVPA, MVPA, and LPA were associated with lower mortality risks, while higher ST level was associated with increased risk. Notably, across the frailty spectrum, individuals in the low tertile of TVPA, MVPA, and LPA, or the top tertile of ST, were associated with reduced life expectancy, with this pattern being more pronounced among frail men compared to frail women.

Conclusions
Our findings highlighted the importance of increasing total PA volume, emphasizing MVPA and LPA, and reducing ST across the frailty spectrum to improve life expectancy.
Cumulative risk assessment methodology applied to non-dietary exposures: developmental alterations in professional agricultural settings
Authors: Tosti Luca , Marazzini Martina , Kanadil Mohammed , Metruccio Francesca 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The safety assessment of combined exposure to xenobiotics has been an emerging topic for several years. Methodologies and approaches for cumulative risk assessment (CRA) are being developed primarily for the dietary risk assessment of pesticides, thus focusing only on consumer exposure. However, as highlighted in recent years, non-dietary exposures, such as those encountered by professionals in agricultural settings, may pose a significant risk due to their higher levels compared to dietary exposure. Despite this, existing methodologies for cumulative risk assessment (CRA) have not adequately addressed this critical aspect. In the EU, even if several legislations highlight the need to address the non-dietary CRA, no legal requirements are in place yet, therefore, there are no harmonized methodologies and approaches currently available. In a first step to fill this gap, this study is aimed at exploring CRA methodology applied to non-dietary exposure to pesticide in agricultural settings, specifically targeting operators, re-entry workers, and bystanders. The primary objective of the study was to verify the feasibility of an electronic register of plant protection treatments as data source for identifying and characterizing in field mixtures and consequently estimating cumulative non-dietary systemic exposure in real life. The relevant active substances selected for this investigation were those listed in foetal craniofacial alterations cumulative assessment groups (CAGs), established by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) for dietary CRA. Exposures to pesticides were estimated using European Union agreed mathematical models. The preliminary findings of this investigation effectively revealed the value of the register of treatments in assessing real-life plant protection products (PPP) usage in professional agricultural settings. In conclusion, the study provides encouraging insights into using the pesticide dietary CRA approach for non-dietary risk assessment in agricultural settings, underlining the necessity for further research and investigation of its feasibility for the evaluation of other acute effects but also for long-term effects related CAGs.
Relationship between point-of-care ultrasound venous congestion assessment parameters, intravenous pressure, and venous return: a post-hoc analysis of a prospective cohort study
Authors: Ruste Martin , Delas Quentin , Reskot Rehane , Fellahi Jean-Luc , Jacquet-Lagrèze Matthias 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
A recent study suggested that point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) venous congestion assessment poorly describes the changes in venous return during a fluid challenge. The aim of the present study was to explore the relationship between POCUS venous congestion assessment parameters and the determinants of venous return in steady state and during a fluid challenge.

Methods
This study is a post-hoc analysis of a single-centre prospective cohort study of patients presenting acute circulatory failure and venous congestion. The protocol consisted in a fluid administration of 4mL/kg over five minutes, just preceded and followed by the acquisition of haemodynamic data and POCUS venous congestion assessment parameters (VExUS score and portal pulsatility index, PPi). Venous return (dVR) was defined as the difference between mean systemic filling pressure analogue estimated by the mathematical approach of Parkin and Leaning (Pmsa) and central venous pressure (CVP). Relationships between Pmsa, CVP, dVR, and VExUS score and PPi were analysed using linear regression and Jonckheere-Terpstra test for trend.

Results
Thirty-two patients were included in the analysis. Fluid challenge induced a significant increase in CVP, Pmsa, dVR, and VExUS score. In steady state, there was a significant association of VExUS score and PPi with CVP (P-value = 0.006 and 0.002, respectively) and Pmsa (P-value = 0.004 and 0.003, respectively) but not with dVR (P-value = 0.943 and 0.408, respectively). The variations induced by fluid challenge in CVP, Pmsa and dVR were not associated with variations in PPi (P-value = 0.844, 0.912 and 0.716, respectively). Patients without VExUS score increase during the fluid challenge presented a higher increase in Pmsa than patients with an increase in VExUS score.

Conclusion
In steady state, POCUS venous congestion assessment parameters are associated with CVP and Pmsa but not with dVR. After fluid administration, changes in POCUS venous congestion assessment parameters were not associated with changes in CVP, Pmsa, and dVR.
Social inequalities at the transition to higher education: the role of personality for graduates from vocational and general schools
Authors: Nika David 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Previous research has shown that social inequalities in the transition to higher education are a persistent phenomenon in Germany. Additionally, studies indicate that graduates from vocational schools are less likely to enter higher education, compared to their peers who graduated from general schools. However, research is scarce about how social background effects may differ for graduates from vocational schools in comparison to general schools. This paper aims to examine this twofold inequality, by introducing personality traits as resources that support graduates from disadvantaged social backgrounds to enter higher education, especially if they graduated from vocational schools. Therefore, this study distinguishes between graduates from general schools, as well as from vocational schools with a general and a specific higher education entrance qualification. Drawing on data of the two most recent cohorts of the school leaver cohort of the German Student Life Cycle Panel, logistic regression models with interaction terms are employed and average marginal effects are reported. The findings reveal that, although vocational schools are less socially selective in their student decomposition as well as in the transition into higher education, inequalities based on social background persist. Two of the five personality traits showed significant positive effects for graduates from disadvantaged social background for entering higher education: while openness appears to be beneficial for students who graduated from general schools and vocational schools, agreeableness is especially advantageous for students who graduated from vocational schools with a specific higher education entrance qualification. This paper highlights how personality traits can mitigate social inequalities in higher education transitions and underscores the importance of distinguishing social background effects across different school types. The results have broader implications for addressing educational inequalities and understanding the role of individual resources in diverse institutional contexts.
Towards transient space-use dynamics: re-envisioning models of utilization distribution and their applications
Authors: Tao Yun , Giunta Valeria , Börger Luca , Wilber Mark Q. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Models of utilization distribution in the form of partial differential equations have long contributed to our understanding of organismal space use patterns. In studies of infectious diseases, they are also being increasingly adopted in support of epidemic forecasting and scenario planning. However, as movement research shifts its focus towards large data collection and statistical modeling of movement trajectories, the development of such models has notably slowed.

Methods
Here, we demonstrate the continued importance of modeling utilization distribution to predict variation in space-use patterns over time. We highlight the considerable, yet largely untapped, potential of such models, which have historically been limited by the steady-state assumption due to longstanding technical constraints. Now, by adapting existing computational tools primarily developed for material science and engineering, we can probe beyond the steady states and unlock from them a broad spectrum of complex, transient space-use dynamics. Our approach requires little experience in numerical analysis and is readily accessible to model practitioners in ecology and epidemiology across diverse systems where movement is a critical feature.

Results
We illustrated our approach using a mix of canonical and novel case studies, covering topics from wildlife translocation to vaccine deployment. First, we revisited a classical model of canid territorial formation driven by scent-mediated conspecific avoidance. Transient space-use analysis uncovered previously hidden spatial dynamics that are ecologically informative. Next, we applied our approach to long-distance movement on realistic landscapes. Habitat and land-use heterogeneities markedly affected the transient space-use dynamics and short-term forecasts, even when the steady state remained unchanged, with direct implications for conservation management. Finally, we modeled transient space-use dynamics as both a response to and a driver of transient population dynamics. The importance of this interdependence was shown in the context of epidemiology, in a scenario where the movement of healthcare personnel is influenced by local outbreak conditions that are stochastically evolving.

Conclusions
By facilitating transient space-use analysis, our approach could lead to reevaluations of foundational ecological concepts such as home range and territory, replacing static with dynamic definitions that more accurately reflect biological realities. Furthermore, we contend that a growing interest in transient space-use dynamics, spurred by this work, could have transformative effects, stimulating new research avenues in ecology and epidemiology.
Understanding caregiver preferences for firearm locking devices in a pediatric emergency department
Authors: Lennon Tyler , Kemal Samaa , Shankar Sanjana , Tunick Robert , Lorenz Doug , Hoffmann Jennifer A. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Around 40% of US households with children have a firearm kept in the home. This study sought to describe firearm storage practices and locking device preferences among caregivers of children presenting to a pediatric emergency department (ED).

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional survey of caregivers of children presenting to a pediatric ED who endorsed having a firearm in the home from August 2023 to May 2024. A self-administered electronic survey inquired about current firearm storage practices and locking device preferences. Caregivers who endorsed any unsafe firearm storage practice (i.e., firearm stored unlocked, loaded, and/or with ammunition) were offered, based on their preference, a free cable gun lock, lock box, or gun safe along with safe firearm storage education materials. Caregivers given a device were surveyed 30 days later to reevaluate firearm storage behavior. McNemar’s test was used to evaluate differences in reported baseline locking device use. Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to evaluate changes in storage behaviors (locked, unloaded, and stored separate from ammunition) from baseline to 30-day follow-up.

Results
Of 139 caregivers with a firearm in the home, 91% (n = 126) reported having a handgun and 41% (n = 57) reported storing firearms with triple safe storage. Safes/vaults were more frequently used (40%, n = 56) than cable gun locks (20%, n = 28) (p = 0.003). Factors involved in caregiver preference for firearm locking devices were: speed of access to firearms (47%, n = 66), strength of the device (45%, n = 63), and cost of device (42%, n = 58). Seventeen caregivers were provided a free device based on preference: 15 gun safes, 2 lock boxes, and 0 cable gun locks. At 30-day follow up, 70.6% (n = 12) of eligible caregivers responded, and the proportion of respondents who reported storing all firearms locked increased significantly from baseline (from 67 to 100%, p = 0.036).

Conclusions
Caregivers in a pediatric ED reported using safes most frequently and, when offered a device, preferred safes over other locking devices. After being provided a free device of their preference, all caregivers who completed follow-up surveys reported all firearms were locked. Healthcare and community organizations should align resources with caregiver preferences.
Expanding Germline Hereditary Cancer Gene Panel Testing by Nongenetics Providers: 3-Year Experience in Large Integrated Health Care Delivery System
Authors: Hoffman Trevor L. , Brasfield Farah M. , Tewari Devansu , Greenberg Jeffery D. , Kershberg Hilary B. , Goff John , Haque Reina , Alvarado Monica 
Published: February 2025

PURPOSE
Demand for germline hereditary cancer genetic testing has increased because of reduced cost, gene discovery, expanding indications, and precision cancer therapies. The traditional model for germline testing, where a genetics provider performs all steps of the testing process (pretest counseling, test ordering, results disclosure, and post-test counseling), is no longer able to meet testing needs especially for patients with cancer needing timely germline testing for treatment decisions. Mainstreaming has emerged as an alternative approach to increase testing capacity and efficiency, where nongenetics providers perform these steps and genetics providers focus on post-test counseling for positive results.

METHODS
This study reports a 3-year experience with mainstreaming hereditary cancer gene panel testing at Kaiser Permanente Southern California. The study compared demographic characteristics, cancer diagnoses, and test results between patients tested by genetics providers (traditional model) versus nongenetics providers (mainstreaming) over 3 years. Over 32,000 germline hereditary cancer gene panels were completed, including nearly 12,000 mainstreaming tests.

RESULTS
Mainstreaming substantially increased testing volume. Patients undergoing mainstream testing were more likely to have cancer, be male, and self-report being Asian or Black. The positive test rate was slightly lower in the mainstreaming group (11%) compared with the traditional testing model (15%), with similar rates of variants of uncertain significance. Post-test genetic counseling was high in both groups for positive results.

CONCLUSION
This study demonstrates that mainstreaming can be successfully implemented in a large health care system and significantly expand testing capacity.