bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How to Determine the Legal Character of an International Instrument: The Case of a Note Accompanying the Japan-India Nuclear Cooperation Agreement
Authors: Asada Masahiko 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
The Japan-India Nuclear Cooperation Agreement of 2016 is accompanied by a “Note on Views and Understanding” reflecting the conflict of views between the two States during the six and a half years of negotiation regarding the possibility of Indian nuclear testing and its impact on the bilateral nuclear cooperation. Japan asserted that if India were to conduct a nuclear test, it would cease cooperation and terminate the cooperation agreement, while the Indian side was of the view that it would not accept its current voluntary test moratorium being transformed into a legally binding obligation. This difference of opinion resulted in the accompanying Note. After its signing, however, the two sides apparently hold different views on the legal nature of the Note. This article examines the question of how the legal nature of an international instrument is to be determined in the light of the relevant ICJ jurisprudence among others.
The Japan-South Korea Comfort Women Agreement: Unfortunate Fate of a Non-Legally Binding Agreement
Authors: Tamada Dai 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Japan and South Korea concluded the Comfort Women Agreement in 2015 for the purpose of resolving finally and irreversibly the controversial issue of comfort women. Although this agreement is an ‘agreement’ between two States, it does not have legally binding force, thus being a legally non-binding agreement. This article examines the criteria for identifying whether an agreement is legally binding, and clarifies the normative character and effect of the 2015 Agreement by applying those criteria. Then, it analyses the background to the conclusion of a non-binding agreement.
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for T-cell lymphomas
Authors: Schmitz Norbert , Lenz Georg , Stelljes Matthias 
Published: April 2018

AbstractMature T- and natural killer (NK)–cell neoplasms comprise a group of morphologically, immunophenotypically, molecularly, and clinically heterogeneous disorders with generally unfavorable outcome. Results of first-line chemotherapy are unsatisfactory for the most common T-cell lymphomas (peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified; angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma; anaplastic large cell lymphomas; anaplastic lymphoma tyrosine kinase–negative) as well as for many other entities. High-dose therapy followed by autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is widely recommended for consolidation after a complete or partial remission is achieved. However, about one-third of patients never reach transplantation because of early relapse or refractoriness. Targeted therapies have recently been developed; combinations with chemotherapy may improve outcomes, but long-term results from prospective studies are largely missing. In this situation, allogeneic HSCT remains a valuable treatment option inducing long-lived remissions in about 30% to 50% of patients with relapsed and refractory T-cell lymphoma able to proceed to transplantation. Results of allogeneic transplantation for consolidation in first remission are less defined and its indications remain controversial. With growing evidence that haploidentical HSCT also works in lymphoma, more patients can be brought to transplantation. Decreasing the morbidity and mortality of allogeneic transplantation is a continuous challenge. Integrating new drugs into transplant concepts and setting up prospective studies involving allogeneic transplantation remain unmet needs that warrant urgent study in a group of disorders in which classical chemotherapy and new drugs have generated results, which are far from optimal until today.
Abnormal clotting of the intrinsic/contact pathway in Alzheimer disease patients is related to cognitive ability
Authors: Suidan Georgette L. , Singh Pradeep K. , Patel-Hett Sunita , Chen Zu-Lin , Volfson Dmitri , Yamamoto-Imoto Hitomi , Norris Erin H. , Bell Robert D. , Strickland Sidney 
Published: April 2018

Key PointsClot initiation and strength are altered in AD patient plasma and transgenic AD mouse model. Clotting abnormalities are correlated with the cognitive state of AD patients.
Artistic creativity and risk for schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and unipolar depression: a Swedish population-based case–control study and sib-pair analysis
Authors: MacCabe J. H. , Sariaslan A. , Almqvist C. , Lichtenstein P. , Larsson H. , Kyaga S. 
Published: April 2018

BackgroundMany studies have addressed the question of whether mental disorder is associated with creativity, but high-quality epidemiological evidence has been lacking.AimsTo test for an association between studying a creative subject at high school or university and later mental disorder.MethodIn a case–control study using linked population-based registries in Sweden (N = 4 454 763), we tested for associations between tertiary education in an artistic field and hospital admission with schizophrenia (N = 20 333), bipolar disorder (N = 28 293) or unipolar depression (N = 148 365).ResultsCompared with the general population, individuals with an artistic education had increased odds of developing schizophrenia (odds ratio = 1.90, 95% CI = [1.69; 2.12]) bipolar disorder (odds ratio = 1.62 [1.50; 1.75]) and unipolar depression (odds ratio = 1.39 [1.34; 1.44]. The results remained after adjustment for IQ and other potential confounders.ConclusionsStudents of artistic subjects at university are at increased risk of developing schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and unipolar depression in adulthood.Declaration of interestNone.
A systematic survey of conformational states in β1 and β4 integrins using negative-stain electron microscopy
Authors: Miyazaki Naoyuki , Iwasaki Kenji , Takagi Junichi 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACT
Structural analyses of β2 and β3 integrins have revealed that they generally assume a compact bent conformation in the resting state and undergo a global conformational transition involving extension during upregulation of ligand affinity, collectively called the ‘switchblade model’. This hypothesis, however, has not been extensively tested for other classes of integrins. We prepared a set of recombinant integrin ectodomain fragments including αvβ3, α2β1, α3β1, α5β1, α6β1 and α6β4, and used negative-stain electron microscopy to examine their structures under various conditions. In contrast to αvβ3 integrin, which exhibited a severely bent conformation in low-affinity 5 mM Ca2+ conditions, all β1 integrin heterodimers displayed a mixed population of half-bent to fully extended conformations. Moreover, they did not undergo significant conformational change upon activation by Mn2+. Integrin α6β4 was even more resistant to conformational regulation, showing a completely extended structure regardless of the buffer conditions. These results suggest that the mechanisms of conformational regulation of integrins are more diverse and complex than previously thought, requiring more experimental scrutiny for each integrin subfamily member.
¿Por qué es importante que la Corte Penal Internacional condene más allá de toda duda razonable?
Authors: Vera Juan Sebastian 
Published: April 2018

El artículo 66 (3) del Estatuto de Roma señala que la Corte Penal Internacional deba condenar cuando esté convencida más allá toda duda razonable. Este trabajo tratará acerca de efectos que la aplicación de este estándar produce en los casos de conoce la CPI. En efecto, se afirma que el Estándar de la duda razonable puede cumplir diversas funciones como servir de refuerzo de la finalidad de búsqueda de la verdad de los hechos, contribuir a la construcción de la memoria de lo sucedido, servir como una regla de distribución de error, mostrar la operatividad del derecho de presunción de inocencia, generar efectos sociológicos en la comunidad internacional y contribuir a restablecer el orden jurídico internacional quebrantado.
Crystal Growth of Layered Silicate Grafted with Organic Groups on Monodisperse Spherical Silica Particles
Authors: Yamauchi Masahiro , Okada Tomohiko 
Published: April 2018

AbstractControl of the structure and morphology of clay crystals presents a challenge in the synthesis of materials for adsorption and catalysis. In the present study, direct crystallization of a phyllosilicate grafted with organosilyl (methylsilyl and phenylsilyl) groups on the surface of monodisperse spherical silica particles (2.6 μm) is reported. Methyl- and phenyltriethoxysilanes were allowed to react hydrothermally in a Teflon-lined autoclave with silica, MgCl2, and LiF in the presence of urea for 2 or 4 days. X-ray diffraction patterns revealed that the fine platy particles formed were a trioctahedral hectorite-like layered silicate. Greater temperature (150°C) was required to achieve homogeneous coverage of the original spherical silica particles with the hectorite-like particles. The diameter of the initial silica grains increased slightly to 3.0 μm after the hydrothermal reactions, while the original spherical shape and size distribution were maintained. Solid-state 29Si nuclear magnetic resonance analyses confirmed that the presence of resonances attributed to the RSi(OMg)(OSi)2 and RSi(OMg)(OH)(OSi) (R = methyl or phenyl) environments of the silicon proved the formation of covalent bonds between phyllosilicate sheets and the organic moieties. The crystallinity of the layered silicates increased when the reactions ran for a longer time (4 days).
Reflections on marriage and family therapy training for drama therapy students at the California Institute of Integral Studies
Authors: Raucher Gary , McKenna Susan Coto 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
This article consists of reflections on the training of drama therapy students in the area of marriage (relationship)-family-child therapy via a transcribed conversation between two educators with the Drama Therapy Program at the California Institute of Integral Studies (CIIS), San Francisco. Areas discussed include: relating theory to practice; multicultural perspectives in relationship therapy theory; balancing cognitive and affective aspects of clinical training; recognition of student learning curves; qualities that drama therapy students bring to relationship training; licensure and credentialing.
Therapeutic theatre as family therapy: Integrating drama therapy and experiential family therapy
Authors: Kaynan Barbara , Wade Cameron 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
This article juxtaposes two case studies that integrated drama therapy, therapeutic theatre and experiential family therapy. Both authors engaged in arts-based research projects creating theatre with their respective families as therapy. Theoretical justifications, methodologies, limitations and future implications for how drama therapists can impact clinical work with families are presented in this account.
Puppets, kites and the swirling waters: Convergent boundaries in a site-specific performance
Authors: Listengarten Julia , Yates Sarah 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
As a group of theatre makers in the School of Performing Arts at the University of Central Florida, we conceived a site-specific performance on university campus that involved both traditional and non-traditional production layers. The live symphony concert – an annual event with pre-established history and audience-base – evolved in a visual performance which included a site-specific dance in combination with performance objects such as kites and puppets. This project served as a ‘practice as research’ investigation of convergent boundaries between artistic hierarchies in a creative process and explored the ways in which multiple layers of a site-specific event intermingle, manipulate, repel and consume one another.
Regulatory mechanism of ulinastatin on autophagy of macrophages and renal tubular epithelial cells
Authors: Wu Ming , Hu Min , Tong Huansheng , Liu Junying , Jiang Hui , Zhang Ming , Su Lei , Li Mingli , Feng Yongwen , Cheng Biao 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Kidney ischemia and hypoxia can cause renal cell apoptosis and activation of inflammatory cells, which lead to the release of inflammatory factors and ultimately result in the damage of kidney tissue and the whole body. Renal tubular cell and macrophage autophagy can reduce the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), thereby reducing the activation of inflammatory cytoplasm and its key effector protein, caspase-1, which reduces the expression of IL-1β and IL-18 and other inflammatory factors. Ulinastatin (UTI), as a glycoprotein drug, inhibits the activity of multiple proteases and reduces myocardial damage caused by ischemia-reperfusion by upregulating autophagy. However, it can be raised by macrophage autophagy, reduce the production of ROS, and ultimately reduce the expression of inflammatory mediators, thereby reducing renal cell injury, promote renal function recovery is not clear. In this study, a series of cell experiments have shown that ulinastatin is reduced by regulating the autophagy of renal tubular epithelial cells and macrophages to reduce the production of reactive oxygen species and inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-1), and then, increase the activity of the cells under the sugar oxygen deprivation model. The simultaneous use of cellular autophagy agonists Rapamycin (RAPA) and ulinastatin has a synergistic effect on the production of reactive oxygen species and the expression of inflammatory factors.
Bio-accumulation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Grey Mangrove (Avicennia marina) along Arabian Gulf, Saudi Coast
Authors: Orif Mohammed , El-Maradny Amr 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
The Arabian Gulf is considered as one of the most important sources for the crude oil all over the world. Due to the vast oil exploration and exploitation, huge amounts of organic pollutants infiltrate to the gulf. An important class of organic pollutants is polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). One of the marine habitats in Arabian Gulf area is the mangrove stands, that are undoubtedly impacted by all anthropogenic factors like oil industries and sewage discharge. In the monitoring framework for mangrove ecosystem along Saudi coasts, nine mangrove stands were examined for the accumulation of PAHs in the Arabian Gulf coast. PAHs were measured using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. The mean values detected for total PAHs in mangrove sediments, roots and leaf were 105.39, 680.0 and 282.4 ng/g, respectively. The trend of total PAHs concentrations in all sites showed the descending order: roots > leaf > sediments. Despite the sandy nature and low organic carbon contents of the mangrove sediments, moderate values of PAHs were detected in the major sites. PAH bio-accumulation factors for roots are higher than that in leaf. The diagnostic ratios revealed that the sources of PAHs are mainly pyrogenic, except for Damam and Damam Port that were found to be petrogenic.
Cultivating the Guessing Instinct
Authors: West Donna E. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThis inquiry examines how an index tracks the internalization of habits, from action templates to intersubjective and intrasubjective regulators (West 2013, 2014). Habit draws upon spatial primitives (Mandler 2010) and is expressed as sensory coordinations (tracking movement, force, orientation). Indexical action templates advance mechanical and self-regulative purposes: Source, path, and goal transition to social and internal regulators. Inferences drawn from event sequences culminate in plausible directives – recommending courses of action (Peirce MS 637: c1909), useful in dialogue alterations. Such alterations require habit-change, fitting novel participants into different event slots – driven by good instinctual guesses or “twigging ideas” (Peirce MS 930: c1913).
A Short Introduction to Edusemiotics
Authors: Olteanu Alin , Campbell Cary 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThis article reviews and discusses some the main aspects of the growing edusemiotic research movement. The authors briefly explore the historical antecedents to educational semiotics in antiquity, before going on to discuss edusemiotic’s fundamental “triadic” (non-dualistic) orientation. They focus on the use of Peirce’s categorical semiotic philosophy to conceptualize educational dynamics; the alignment of edusemiotics with biosemiotics; the relevance of Thomas Sebeok’s modeling theories to education; and the primacy of iconicity in learning. Throughout the article, it is emphasized how edusemiotics doesnotmean semiotics applied to education, as a pedagogical aid or teaching/research tool, but is rather, “thinking” semiotics as the foundation for educational theory and practice at large (cf. Stables and Semetsky, 2015).
CARTOGRAFIA COMO METODOLOGIA: UMA EXPERIÊNCIA DE PESQUISA EM ARTES VISUAIS
Authors: Zuhaira Richter Indira , Machado Oliveira Andréia 
Published: April 2018

Este artigo apresenta noções introdutórias acerca do uso da cartografia no desenvolvimento de uma pesquisa de mestrado em Artes Visuais. Entende a mesma como um método que entrecruza pesquisador/artista e obra, tendo sua ênfase no processo criador. Apresenta formas através das quais a cartografia poderá contribuir como método de pesquisa em um campo poético sensível, em uma poética visual e escrita para o desenvolvimento de uma pesquisa. Para isto, pensa a origem da cartografia, discorre sobre a mesma como método de pesquisa, chegando à apresentação do método aplicado à pesquisa da autora. CARTOGRAPHY AS METHODOLOGY: AN EXPERIENCE IN RESEARCH IN VISUAL ARTSAbstract:This paper presents introductory notions about the use of cartography in the development of masters research in Visual Art. It understands the same as a method that criss-crosses researcher/artist and artwork, with emphasis on the creative process. We present forms in which cartography can contribute as a research method in a sensitive poetic field, in visual and written poetics for the development of research. To this end, we reflect on the origin of cartography, discussing it as a research method, arriving at its presentation as a method applied to research on the author.
PROFESSOR-FLÂNEUR-CARTÓGRAFO-PESQUISADOR...
Authors: Campello Ronaldo Luís G. , Farina Cynthia 
Published: April 2018

Assim como o pássaro que alça voo, ou como quando pousa em distinta superfície e de sua distância observa, deve ser/agir o professor-flâneur-cartógrafo-pesquisador que repensa suas práticas. Deve tomar distância e pousar os olhos sobre seus modos de ser, seu corpo-didático-estudantil, sua professoralidade (PEREIRA, 1996) e olhar de outro lugar suas práticas cotidianas. Neste texto se faz uma abordagem do método cartográfico Deleuzeguattariano, sugerindo uma aproximação ao conceito de flâneur primeiramente proposto por Baudelaire, mais tarde por Benjamin. Sempre à espreita como se propõe estar o cartógrafo, como se propõe o flâneur, a andarilhar.PROFESSOR-FLÂNEUR-CARTOGRAPHER-RESEARCHER...Abstract: As a bird takes flight, or as when it lands on a distinct surface and from a distance observes, this is how the professor-flâneur-cartographer-researcher who is rethinking his practices must be/act. He should be at a distance and perch his eyes on his ways of being, on his student-teaching-body, his professorality (PEREIRA, 1996) and look at his everyday practices from another place. This paper deals with Deleuze and Guattari’s cartographical method, suggesting an approach to the concept of the flâneur, first proposed by Baudelaire, later by Benjamin. Always on the watch as to how one may propose being the cartographer, as the flâneur proposes, to wander.
ONDE SÃO/ESTÃO OS OSSOS...ROBAA (ROADS OF BONES AND ASHES/ A ESTRADA DOS OSSOS E DAS CINZAS)
Authors: Peterson Michel , Peterson Christian , Rockenbach (Tradução) Rosa 
Published: April 2018

O texto discute a exposição itinerante Onde são/estão os ossos... que é oriunda do projeto de pesquisa ROBAA (Roads of Bones and Ashes / A estrada dos ossos e das cinzas), relatando este trabalho que emergiu no final dos anos 90, de um trabalho clínico de consulta psicanalítica em instituição e consultório privado junto a requerentes de asilo que sofreram tortura. O projeto concentra-se, no primeiro momento, nos efeitos psíquicos dos traumas extremos (guerras, genocídios, democídios, massacres de todo gênero) para, em seguida, expandir-se e tocar nas questões de natureza paleontológica, arqueológica, antropológica, filosófica, literária, política e econômica.WHERE ARE/LIE THE BONES...ROBAA (Road of Bones And Ashes)Abstract: The paper discusses a traveling exhibition Where are/lie the Bones... which emerged from the research project ROBAA (Roads of Bones and Ashes/ A estrada dos ossos e das cinzas). It reflects on the work begun in the late 1990s, a clinical work of psicoanalytic consultation in institutional and private practice, with people who had gone through the suffering of torture and were seeking asylum. The project focuses first on the psychological effects of extreme trauma (war, geocide, democide, massacres of all kinds), expanding and touching on questions of a paleontological, archaeological, anthropological, philosophical, literary, political, and economic nature.
PARA VER SE NECESITA UN CUERPO: VIVENCIAS DE FRAGMENTACIÓN EN LA REPRESENTACIÓN DE LA FIGURA HUMANA
Authors: Coppa Carlos 
Published: April 2018

La relación entre imágenes e imaginario se ha estudiado abundantemente desde distintas perspectivas. El cuerpo es el argumento que se ha introducido últimamente, pero muchas veces se introduce de forma lateral. ¿Pero qué sucede si el cuerpo es central a la imagen, tanto como la imagen al cuerpo? Es imposible situarse en la producción artística actual sin asumir que sus obras fuerzan una ruptura con las líneas verticales de la subjetivación, que perciben y ponen en juego la relación cuerpo - imagen con una complejidad inquietante. En las obras de Cohen y de Pombo se hacen presentes algunos de sus rasgos. TO SEE IF A BODY IS NEEDED: FRAGMENTATION EXPERIENCES OF THE HUMAN FIGUREAbstract: The relation between images and imaginary has been studied extensively from different perspectives. The body is the argument that has been introduced lately, but is often introduced on the side. But what happens if the body is central to the image, as much as the image to the body? It is impossible to situate it in current artistic production without assuming that the artworks force a rupture in the vertical lines of subjectivation, which perceive and put into play the body relation – an image with disturbing complexity. In the works of Cohen and Pombo some of these features are present.
Dobrar e continuar
Authors: Sbardelotto Diane 
Published: April 2018

O ensaio aqui apresentado é parte de uma pesquisa acadêmico –poética 1 e verbo-visual em educação, transversal à arte, filosofia e poesia, onde se explora um corpo feminino – o da pr´pria pesquisadora, como objeto principal – dobrado em experimentações-continuidades. Os estratos coropóreos orgânicos, subjetivos e semióticos do corpo em dobra física são estudados junto ao conceito deleuzo-foucaultiano de dobra, da filosofi da diferença, na qual a dobra é usada para falar dos processos de subjetivação, da força vergada, se si para consigo. Fold and continue Abstract: The visual essay presented here is part of academic research in verbal-visual poetics1 in education, transversal to art, philosophy and poetry, where one may explore the feminine body – that of the researcher herself, as the principal object of study - folded in experimentations – continuities. The corporeal organic and subjective strati and the semiotics of the body in physical folding are studied along with the Deleuzian-Foucaultian concept of the fold, and the philosophy of difference, in which the fold is used to talk about subjectivation processes, the power to bend, by oneself and for oneself.