bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biomechanical Changes of Degenerated Adjacent Segement and Intact lumbar Spine after lumbosacral Topping-off surgery: A Three-dimensional Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Cao Liangliang , Liu Yumei , Mei Wei , Xu Jian-guang , Zhan Shi 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: Previous studies have revealed positive effect of Topping-off technique on upper adjacent segment after fusion surgery, while for the cases with fusion surgery on L5-S1 segment, owning maximal range of motion, and pre-exsiting degenerated upper adjacent disc, it is necessary to clarify the superiority of Topping-ff technique and the effect exerted on the lumbar spine. Methods: A young healthy male volunteer was selected for thin-slice CT scanning. Then the image information was imported into the computer to establish the whole lumbar spine model as the health model. The medium degeneration model of intervertebral disc was established by changing the material properties of L4-S1 disc on the basis of the health model, and the fusion model and Topping-off model were respectively established on the basis of the degenerated model. The variation trend of ROM of L2-L5 and the stress changes of L4-L5 intervertebral disc, nucleus pulposus and facet joints were calculated respectively. Results: The L4-L5 ROM of fusion model increased significantly but the ROM of L2-L3 and L3-L4 segments did not change significantly. Compared with the degenerated model, L4-L5 activity of the Topping-off model decreased, and ROM of the L2-L3 and L3-L4 increased to some extent in the flexion and extension positions. the stress on the disc, nucleus pulposus and facet joint of the fusion model L4-L5 increased in four positions of flexion, extension, rotation and bending compared with the degenerated model, while the fiber stress on the Topping-off model decreased significantly in all four positions. Conclusion: Topping-off technology can decrease the stress and ROM of the adjacent upper degenerated segment, and increase the ROM of other upper segments, thereby delaying the degeneration of upper adjacent segments and compensating the lumbar spine mobility.
Prediction of perioperative outcome after hepatic resection for pediatric patients
Authors: Zhang Yunfei , Liu Jianxia , Zhu Hai , Qiu Lin , guo chunbao 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background Hepatic resection is associated with significant risk of morbidity and mortality. Optimising the surgical techniques and perioperative management may improve in operative morbidity and mortality. However, perioperative variables involved in the improvement for postoperative outcomes in pediatric hepatectomy have not been defined.Methods We retrospectively reviewed 156 consecutive pediatric patients who underwent hepatectomy at our center (an academic tertiary care hospital) between 2006 and 2016. Baseline demographic variables, intraoperative variables, complications, and hospital stay were explored. The patients were further investigated using univariate and multivariate analysis for the factors involved in the postoperative outcomes.Results Of the conditions requiring resections, malignant and benign liver diseases accounted for 47.4% (74/156) and 52.6% (82/156), respectively. The overall hospital mortality was 1.9% (3/156) and the overall postoperative complication rate was 44.2% (69/156). Anatomical resections were performed in 128 patients (82.1%), including 14(9.0%) extended hepatectomies. Eighty percent of patients had three or more segments resected. The median operative time was 167.7 (65-600) minutes and median estimated blood loss was 320.1(10-1600) mL. On multivariate analysis, the estimated blood loss (EBL) (mL) (OR, 2.19; 95CI, 1.18-3.13; p=0.016), extent of hepatectomy (OR, 1.81; 95CI, 1.06-2.69; p=0.001) and pringle maneuver (OR, 1.38; 95CI, 1.02-1.88; p=0.038) were the independent predictors of postoperative complications.Conclusions Extent of hepatectomy and estimated blood loss are largely responsible for the perioperative complications. with the surgical devices and management amelioration, like pringle maneuver, the treatment planning may be optimize in pediatric liver resection.
Disruption of a primary health care domestic violence and abuse service in two London boroughs: interrupted time series evaluation
Authors: Panovska-Griffiths Jasmina , Sohal Alex Hardip , Martin Peter , Capelas Estela Barbosa , Johnson Medina , Howell Annie , Lewis Natalia , Feder Gene , Griffiths Chris , Eldridge Sandra 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background Domestic violence and abuse (DVA) remains a major health concern affecting an estimated 15%-71% of women worldwide. IRIS ( Identification and Referral to Improve Safety of women affected by DVA) is a complex, system-level, training and support programme, designed to improve the primary healthcare response to DVA. Following a successful trial, since 2011 IRIS has been implemented in eleven London boroughs. In two boroughs the service was disrupted for a period of time and this work evaluates the impact of this service disruption. Methods We used anonymised data on daily referrals received by DVA service providers from general practices in two IRIS implementation boroughs that had service disruption for a period of time (six and three months). In line with previous work we refer to these as boroughs B and C. The primary outcome was the number of daily referrals received by the DVA service provider across each borough over 48 months (March 2013-April 2017) in borough B and 42 months (October 2013-April 2017) in borough C. The data were analysed using interrupted-time series, non-linear regression analysis with sensitivity studies exploring different regression models. Incidence Rate Ratios (IRRs) and 95% confidence intervals and p-values associated with the disruption were reported for each borough. Results Mixed-effects negative binomial regression was the best fit model to the data. In borough B, the disruption, that occurred towards the end of the implementation period and lasted for about 6 months, significantly (p=0.006) reduced the referral rate by about 70% (95%CI=(23%,87%)). In borough C, the three-month service disruption that occurred towards the middle of the implementation period, also significantly (p=0.005) reduced the referral rate by about 49% (95% CI=(18%,68%)). Conclusions Disrupting the IRIS service has substantially reduced the rate of referrals to DVA service providers. Our findings are evidence in favour of continuous funding of IRIS as a system level programme. Funding National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care (CLAHRC) North Thames. Keywords domestic violence and abuse, interrupted time-series, non-linear regression
How does ageism influence frailty? A pilot study using a structural equation model
Authors: Ye Bo , Gao Junling , Fu Hua , Chen Hao , Dong Wenjing , Gu Ming 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Objectives: Based on the Stereotype Embodyment Theory (SET), this study aims to examine the mechanism of ageism on frailty through the proposed framework of "Experiences of Ageism (EA) → Age Stereotypes (AS) → Attitudes to ageing (AA) → Frailty" using a structural equation model (SEM).
Methods: A community-based study involving 630 participants aged 60 years and older was conducted in Shanghai. EA, AS, AA and frailty status were assessed by validated scales. In particular, EA included three parts in this study, as the first part was the experiences of explicit prejudice or discrimination because of age, another two parts were the experiences of witnessed and encountered implicit negative age-based stereotypes. A SEM was performed to examine whether the proposed paths from EA to frailty were supported.
Results: EA had a direct effect (β=.168, p=.026) on frailty, but also had a significant indirect effect (.052) on frailty through the path of "EA → AS → AA → Frailty" after controlling for covariates. AA had a direct effect (β=-.337, p<.001) on frailty, AS fully mediated the association between EA and AA (indirect effect=-.153), and AA fully mediated the association between AS and frailty (indirect effect=.123).
Conclusions: These findings demonstrated a mechanism from ageism to frailty, and highlighted the potential threat of negative AS on health. Ageism and frailty are both great challenges for the process of healthy ageing.
Cross-sectional study of associations between normal body weight with central obesity and hyperuricemia in Japan
Authors: Shirasawa Takako , Ochiai Hirotaka , Yoshimoto Takahiko , Nagahama Satsue , Watanabe Akihiro , Yoshida Reika , Kokaze Akatsuki 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background

Several studies have shown that normal weight with central obesity (NWCO) is associated with cardiovascular disease risk factors such as hypertension, dyslipidemia and diabetes. However, the relationship between NWCO and hyperuricemia has not been studied in detail.

Methods

We investigated the association between NWCO and hyperuricemia among Japanese adults aged 40-64 years who had undergone periodic health examinations between April 2013 and March 2014. Obesity was defined as a body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg/m 2 　and central obesity was determined as a waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) ≥0.5. We classified the participants into the following groups based according to having obesity and central obesity: normal weight (BMI 18.5-24.9 kg/m 2 ) without (NW; WHtR <0.5) and with (NWCO) central obesity, and obesity without (OB) and with (OBCO) central obesity. Hyperuricemia was defined as serum uric acid >7.0 and ≥6.0 mg/dL in men and women, respectively, or under medical treatment for hyperuricemia. Alcohol intake was classified as yes (daily and occasional consumption) and none (no alcohol consumption). Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for hyperuricemia were calculated using a logistic regression model.

Results

We analyzed data derived from 96,863 participants (69,241 men and 27,622 women). The prevalences of hyperuricemia in men and women were respectively, 21.4% and 11.0%, and of participants with NWCO respectively 15.6% and 30.0%. The adjusted OR for hyperuricemia was significantly increased in OBCO compared with NW, regardless of sex (men: OR, 2.12; 95%CI; 2.03-2.21; women: OR, 3.54; 95%CI, 3.21-3.90) and were statistically significant in NWCO compared with NW (men: OR, 1.44; 95%CI, 1.36-1.52; women: OR, 1.41; 95%CI, 1.27-1.57). The results were similar regardless of alcohol consumption.

Conclusions

We found that NWCO and OBCO were associated with hyperuricemia in middle-aged Japanese men and women. Middle-aged Japanese adults with normal weight but having central obesity should be screened using a combination of BMI and WHtR and educated about how to prevent hyperuricemia.
Utility Of Finnish Diabetes Risk Score In A Young Adult Population In An Urban Setting In Africa
Authors: MALINDISA EVANGELISTA KENAN , Balandya Emmanuel , Mashili Fredirick , Njelekela Marina 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) and other NCDs is on the rise globally, low-income countries like Tanzania are not spared. Affordable and effective screening tools are needed to combat these epidemics. This study aimed to evaluate the utility and applicability of the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC) as one of the screening tools for T2D and its potential risk factors in population of young adults from an urban setting in Tanzania. Methods A community based cross-sectional study was conducted in urban setting Mwanza-Tanzania. Data was collected using FINDRISC questionnaire (assessing Age, BMI, waist circumference, physical activity participation, vegetable consumption, and history of high blood pressure, history of high blood sugar and family history of diabetes) and physical assessment of, blood pressure, waist circumference and hip circumference. Laboratory measurements for fasting blood glucose, oral glucose tolerance and lipid profile. Data was analyzed using STATA 13. Pearson’s correlation was used to assess the associations between FINDRISC with clinical and biochemical parameters. Linear regression was used to assess the extent at which FINDRISC predicted various clinical and biochemical parameters. P-value was considered significant at p≤0.05. Results Of the 259 participants enrolled, 32.8% were in the FINDRISC categories of “at least slightly elevated risk” to “high risk” of developing T2D in 10 years’ time. FINDRISC correlated with FBG (r=0.12, p=0.05), diastolic blood pressure (r=0.19, p=0.02), mean arterial blood pressure (r=0.13, p=0.036), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (r=0.19, p =0.005), and waist to hip ratio - WHR (r=0.34, p = 0.001). Furthermore, FINDRISC explained 11% of the variation in WHR (Adjusted r2 = 0.11, p=0.001), 3% of diastolic blood pressure (adjusted r2= 0.03, p = 0.02), 3% of low density lipoprotein cholesterol (adjusted r2=0.03, p=0.005), 1% of mean arterial pressure (adjusted r2=0.01, p=0.036) and 1% of FBG (r2=0.01, p=0.05). Conclusion This study provides novel insights on the potential utility of FINDRISC as a simple and non-invasive screening tool for metabolic syndrome-related ailments among young adults in Africa. Longitudinal studies, with context-specific modifications of FINDRISC, are suggested to ascertain its predictive value for future T2D in this population.
miR-874 ameliorates retinopathy in diabetic rats by NF-κB signaling pathway
Authors: Li Rui , Yuan Huimin , Zhao Tao , Yan Yimin , Liu Zhaochen , Cai Jiayu , Qiu Chunli , Li Chuanjing 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: This study aimed to explore the improvement effect of miR-874 on retinopathy in diabetic rats by NF-κB signaling pathway. Methods: Ten healthy Sprague-Dawley rats were taken as the control group. Sixty streptozotocin (60 mg/kg)-induced diabetes model rats were randomly divided into model group (without any treatment), negative control (NC) agomir group (injection of overexpressed NC vector), miR-874 agomir group (injection of miR-874 mimic), miR-874 anti-agomir group (injection of miR-874 inhibitor), EVP4593 group (injection of NF-κB signaling pathway antagonist EVP4593), and miR-874 anti-agomir + EVP4593 group (injection of miR-874 inhibitor and EVP4593). All injection was via caudal vein. Results: miR-874 could target the degradation of p65. Compared with control group, there were significantly reduced miR-874 expression, increased VEGF and Ang2 protein expressions, lowered end-diastolic velocity and peak systolic velocity of central retinal artery (CRA), and blood velocity of central retinal vein and CRA, heightened plasma viscosity, blood viscosity and erythrocyte sedimentation rate at all shear rates, decreased capillary pericytes, increased vascular endothelial cells, and ascended p65 expression in the retina of rats in model group (all P < 0.05). It showed that pathological changes were happened on the retina of diabetes rats. These indexes showed the same results after miR-874 was inhibited (all P < 0.05). However, these indexes showed the opposite results in miR-874 agomir group and EVP4593 group compared with model group (all P < 0.05). EVP4593 could alleviate the aggravation of retinopathy caused by the inhibition of miR-874 in diabetes rats. Conclusions: miR-874 mediates NF-κB signaling pathway by targeting the degradation of p65 to further improve the retina of diabetes rats, showing the improvement effect of miR-874 on diabetic retinopathy in rats.
MicroRNA-183-5p acts as a potential diagnostic biomarker for atherosclerosis and regulates the growth of vascular smooth muscle cell
Authors: Sun Bin , Shan Zhengkun , Sun Guoyu , Wang Xiaolong 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: Atherosclerosis (AS) is a multifactorial chronic disease, and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) plays an important role in the pathology of AS. MicroRNAs regulate multiple cellular biological processes. This study aimed to investigate the clinical value of miR-183-5p in AS patients, and further explored the effects of miR-183-5p on the proliferation and migration of VSMCs.Methods: qRT-PCR was used to test the level of miR-183-5p. The diagnostic value of miR-183-5p for AS patients was assessed by a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Cell proliferation and migration were determined via CCK-8 and Transwell assay.Results: MiR-183-5p was highly expressed in AS patients compared with the healthy group. Serum miR-183-5p expression was positively associated with CIMT and CRP in AS patients. The ROC analysis suggested that miR-183-5p had quality to be used as a biomarker with high specificity and sensitivity for AS detection. Overexpression of miR-183-5p promoted the proliferation and migration of VSMCs.Conclusion: MiR-183-5p is highly expressed in AS patients, and overexpression of miR-183-5p promots the cell proliferation and migration of VSMCs. MiR-183-5p may be a key molecular for the diagnosis and treatment of AS in the future.
Diagnostic and Predictive Value of Speckle Tracking Echocardiography in Cardiac Sarcoidosis
Authors: Stefano Cristina Di , Bruno Giulia , Calle Maria Arciniegas , Acharya Gayatri A. , Fussner Lynn M. , Ungprasert Patompong , Cooper Leslie T. , Blauwet Lori A. , Ryu Jay H. , Pellikka Patricia A. , Porquera Eva Carmona , Villarraga Hector R. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous disease that may affect the myocardium. This study evaluated the diagnostic and prognostic value of 2-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography in cardiac sarcoidosis (CS). Methods: Eighty-three patients with extracardiac, biopsy-proven sarcoidosis and definite/probable diagnosis of cardiac involvement diagnosed from January 2005 through December 2016 were included. In order to analyze the alteration of strain parameters in early stages of CS, a subgroup of 23 CS patients with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) within normal limits (LVEF>52% for men: >54% for women, mean value: 57.3%±3.8%) and no wall motion abnormalities was compared with 97 controls (1:4) without cardiac disease. LV and right ventricular (RV) global longitudinal (GLS), circumferential (GCS), and radial (GRS) strain and strain rate (SR) analyses were performed with TomTec software and correlated with cardiac outcomes (including heart failure and arrhythmias). This study was approved by the Mayo Clinic Institutional Review Board, and all patients gave informed written consent to participate. Results: Mean age of CS patients was 53.6±10.8 years, and 34.9% were women. Mean LVEF was 43.2%±12.4%; LV GLS, -12.4%±3.7%; LV GCS, -17.1%±6.5%; LV GRS, 29.3%±12.8%; and RV wall GLS, 14.6%±6.3%. In the 23 patients with early stage CS with normal LVEF and RV systolic function, strain parameters were significantly reduced when compared with controls (respectively: LV GLS, -15.9%±2.5% vs -18.2%±2.7% [ P =.001]; RV GLS, -16.9%±4.5% vs -24.1%±4.0% [ P <.001]). A LV GLS value of -16.3% provided 82.2% sensitivity and 81.2% specificity for the diagnosis of CS (AUC 0.91), while a RV value of -19.9% provided 88.1% sensitivity and 86.7% specificity (AUC 0.93). Hospital admission and heart failure significantly correlated to impaired LV GLS (> -14%). Conclusion: Reduced strain values in the LV GLS and RV GLS can be used in the diagnostic algorithm in patients with suspicion of cardiac sarcoidosis. These values also correlate with adverse cardiovascular events.
Association of CYP2A6 gene deletion with cancers in Japanese elderly: an autopsy study
Authors: Abudushataer Maidina , Sato Noriko , Mieno Makiko , Sawabe Motoji , Muramatsu Masaaki , Arai Tomio 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background CYP2A6 is an enzyme involved in oxidation of a number of environmental chemicals, including nicotine, pro-carcinogenic nitrosamines and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The whole gene deletion of CYP2A6 (CYP2A6*4) is prevalent in East Asian population. Whether or not CYP2A6*4 associates with cancer is still controversial.Methods We undertook an association study to determine whether deletion of CYP2A6 gene associates with total cancer and major cancer types employing data of consecutive autopsy cases registered in the Japanese single-nucleotide polymorphisms for geriatric research (JG-SNP) database. The presence of cancer were inspected at the time of autopsy and pathologically confirmed. Genotyping for CYP2A6 wild type (W) and deletion (D) was done by allele specific RT-PCR method.Results Among 1373 subjects, the genotype frequency for WW, WD and DD were 65.0%, 30.6% and 4.4%, respectively, which obeyed the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Association for total cancer presence, as well as major cancers including gastric, lung, colorectal, and blood cancers did not show any positive association. When male and female were separately analyzed, CYP2A6 deletion associated with decreased gastric cancer risk in female (OR=0.49, 95%CI: 0.25-0.95, p=0.021, after adjustment for age, smoking and drinking). When smoker and non-smoker were separately analyzed, CYP2A6 deletion associated with decreased total cancer in female nonsmokers (OR=0.67, 95%CI: 0.45-0.99, p=0.041 after adjustment). On the other hand, CYP2A6 deletion associated increase blood cancers in smokers (OR=2.05, 95%CI: 1.19-3.53, p=0.01 after adjustment).Conclusion The CYP2A6 deletion may not grossly affect total cancer. It may associate with individual cancers in sex and smoking dependent manner. Further studies with larger sample size are warranted to confirm our results.
Knowledge-based genetic association study of hepatitis B virus related hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Jiang Deke , Deng Jiaen , Dong Changzheng , Ma Xiaopin , Xiao Qianyi , Zhou Bin , Yang Chou , Wei Lin , Conran Carly , Zheng S. Lilly , Ng Irene Oi-lin , Yu Long , Xu Jianfeng , Sham Pak C. , Qi Xiaolong , Hou Jinlin , Ji Yuan , Cao Guangwen , Li Miaoxin 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background : Recent genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have suggested several susceptibility loci of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by statistical analysis at individual single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). However, these loci only explain a small fraction of HBV-related HCC heritability. In the present study, we aimed to identify additional susceptibility loci of HBV-related HCC using advanced gene- and gene-set-based association tests.Methods: We performed a meta-analysis of two existing GWASs of HBV-related HCC, based on which a series of association analyses at genes and multiple gene sets curated according to current knowledge were carried out for prioritizing potential risk genes. A series of prioritized SNPs were selected to replicate genetic associations in an independent sample of 965 cases and 923 controls.Results: The gene-based association analysis suggested that five genes are significantly associated with HBV-related HCC risk: RNY4, GOLGA8M, LINC01207, WHAMMP2 and SLC39A8. Through gene-set-based association analysis, we found that the genes in systemic lupus erythematosus pathway may be relevant to development of HBV-related HCC. Three previously reported genes, NAT2, GSTA1 and GSTA2, were also highlighted to be susceptibility genes of HBV-related HCC when genes were stratified in a liver-specific expression set. However, probably due to small sample size, none of the genes prioritized by knowledge-based association analyses are successfully replicated in an independent sample.Conclusions: This comprehensive knowledge-based association mining study suggested several promising genes significantly associated with HBV-related HCC risk. More experiments or larger samples are needed to validate their contribution to the pathogenic mechanism of HCC.