bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The efficacy of drug‐eluting beads bronchial arterial chemoembolization loaded with gemcitabine for treatment of non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Bie Zhixin , Li Yuanming , Li Bin , Wang Dongdong , Li Lin , Li Xiaoguang 
Published: July 2019

BackgroundDrug‐eluting beads bronchial arterial chemoembolization (DEB‐BACE) can embolize the tumor‐feeding artery and also be loaded with antitumor drugs, which can be released slowly into the local tumor environment. The effect of DEB‐BACE in patients with lung cancer remains unclear. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of DEB‐BACE with gemcitabine‐loaded CalliSpheres beads in patients with non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).MethodsFrom May 2017 to December 2018, six patients with NSCLC who were ineligible or refused to receive standard treatment underwent DEB‐BACE with gemcitabine‐loaded CalliSpheres beads. The primary endpoint was the objective response rate (ORR). The secondary endpoints were progression‐free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and quality of life. Safety was evaluated by the occurrences of adverse events and serious adverse events.ResultsAll patients were treated with DEB‐BACE loaded with gemcitabine (800 mg) using CalliSpheres beads. Five patients also received transarterial infusion with nedaplatin (80–100 mg). Of the six patients, five underwent a second session of DEB‐BACE, with intervals of one month between the first and second session. The median follow‐up time was 16.5 months (7.0–23.0 months). ORR and disease control rate were 50.0% and 100.0%, 50.0% and 83.3%, 50.0% and 66.7% respectively at 2, 4, and 6 months after DEB‐BACE. One patient maintained a partial response and the other five had progressive disease, of whom two patients died and the other three remained alive receiving targeted therapy, radiotherapy, transarterial infusion or thermal ablation. The median PFS was 8.0 months (4–23 months), and the 6‐ and 12 month PFS rates were 66.7% and 16.7%, respectively. The median OS was 16.5 months (7–23 months), and the six and 12 month OS rates were 100.0% and 66.7%, respectively. Hemoptysis, cough and dyspnea disappeared after DEB‐BACE in four patients. Global quality of life, physical and emotional functioning were all significantly improved at two months (P < 0.05). There were no serious adverse events.ConclusionsDEB‐BACE with gemcitabine‐loaded CalliSpheres beads is a feasible and well‐tolerated treatment for patients with NSCLC who are ineligible or refuse to receive standard treatment.
Phenotypic factors associated with amisulpride‐induced weight gain in first‐episode psychosis patients (from the OPTiMiSE cohort)
Authors: Pandit R. , Cianci D. , ter Hark S. E. , Winter‐van Rossum I. , Ebdrup B. H. , Broberg B. V. , Garcia‐Portilla M. P. , Bobes J. , Vinkers C. H. , Kahn R. S. , Guloksuz S. , Huitema A. D. R. , Luykx J. J. 
Published: July 2019

ObjectiveAntipsychotic‐induced weight gain (AiWG) is a debilitating adverse effect of most antipsychotics. First‐episode psychosis patients are particularly vulnerable to the detrimental consequences of AiWG. Amisulpride has good efficacy and tolerability. We here aimed to identify the phenotypic factors associated with amisulpride‐induced weight gain in first‐episode psychosis patients.MethodData were collected from the Optimization of Treatment and Management of Schizophrenia in Europe trial. Multivariable regression models with various phenotypic variables (N = 305) were performed with absolute AiWG and clinically relevant AiWG (≥7% AiWG) as outcomes.ResultsFour weeks of amisulpride treatment increased body weight from 69.7 to 72.4 kg (P < 0.001). In the regression model of absolute AiWG, unemployment (β = 0.94, P = 0.016), younger age (β = −0.07, P = 0.031) and absence of current comorbid major depression disorder (β = −1.61, P = 0.034) were positively associated with absolute AiWG. In the regression model of clinically relevant AiWG, unemployment (OR = 2.83, P = 0.001), schizophreniform disorder (OR = 2.00, P = 0.025) and low baseline weight (OR = 0.97, P = 0.032) increased the likelihood of clinically relevant AiWG.ConclusionsClinicians prescribing amisulpride should consider the relatively high susceptibility to AiWG in unemployed first‐episode patients with psychosis, in particular young subjects with a diagnosis of schizophreniform disorder. We advise to carefully monitor these patients and, when needed, implement weight‐reducing strategies.
Efficacy of late line pertuzumab with trastuzumab and chemotherapy in HER2‐positive metastatic breast cancer: An Australian case series
Authors: Bergin Alice R. T. , Luen Stephen J. , Savas Peter , Boolell Vishal , Cho Doah , Lynch Jodi , Nott Louise , Stuart‐Harris Robin , Teo Lee Na , Yap Saw Yee , Loi Sherene 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundPertuzumab, when combined with trastuzumab and chemotherapy, is a highly active human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), targeting agent in the neoadjuvant, adjuvant and first‐line metastatic HER2‐positive breast cancer setting. The efficacy of late‐line (after first/second‐line) pertuzumab in combination with trastuzumab and chemotherapy is unknown.AimsTo establish pertuzumab efficacy by performing an audit of patients who received pertuzumab after first‐line HER2 directed therapy. We sought to establish whether efficacy differed by clinicopathological factors.MethodsThe primary endpoint was progression‐free survival (PFS) and the secondary endpoint, overall survival (OS). Clinicopathological factors, PFS and OS data were collated and clinicopathological factors associated with PFS were evaluated using Cox regression models.ResultsFourteen women were identified. Six (43%) had hormone receptor (HR) negative and eight (57%) had HR‐positive, metastatic HER2‐positive breast cancer. Median follow up was 22.8 months, median prior lines of therapy were 5 (range: 1–9). Median time from diagnosis of metastatic disease to receiving pertuzumab was 4.5 years (range: 4.2–5.8). All patients received initial chemotherapy with pertuzumab and trastuzumab (taxane‐based 71%). Median PFS was 9 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 7–not estimable [NE]) and median OS was not reached (95% CI, 16 months–NE). Univariable analysis demonstrated that HR‐negative patients had a significantly longer PFS than HR‐positive patients (hazard ratio = 0.11; 95% CI, 0.01–0.88; P = 0.04).ConclusionThis small cases series reports a favorable PFS and OS for pertuzumab with trastuzumab and chemotherapy in the later line metastatic setting. This finding warrants further study.
Neurocritical care of high‐risk infants during inter‐hospital transport
Authors: Gupta Neelam , Shipley Lara , Goel Nitin , Browning Carmo Kathryn , Leslie Andrew , Sharkey Don 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe centralisation of neonatal intensive care in recent years has improved mortality, particularly of extremely preterm infants, but similar improvements in morbidity, such as neurodevelopmental impairment, have not been seen. Integral to the success of centralisation are specialised neonatal transport teams who provide intensive care prior to and during retrieval of high‐risk neonates when in‐utero transfer has not been possible. Neonatal retrieval aims to stabilise the clinical condition and then transfer the neonate during a high‐risk period for patient. Transport introduces the hazards of noise and vibration; acceleration and deceleration forces; additional handling and temperature fluctuations. The transport team must stabilise the infant fully prior to transport as when on the move they are limited by space and movement to effectively attend to clinical deterioration. Inborn infants have better neurodevelopmental outcome compared with the outborn and aetiology of this seems to be multifactorial with the impact of transport itself during critical illness, remaining unclear. To improve the neurological outcomes for transported infants, it seems imperative to integrate the advancing intensive care neuromonitoring tools into the transport milieu. This review examines current inter‐hospital transport neuromonitoring and how new modalities might be applied to the neurocritical care delivered by specialist transport teams.
Induced pluripotent stem cell generation from bovine somatic cells indicates unmet needs for pluripotency sustenance
Authors: Pillai Viju V. , Kei Tiffany G. , Reddy Shannon E. , Das Moubani , Abratte Christian , Cheong Soon H. , Selvaraj Vimal 
Published: July 2019

AbstractMechanisms that direct reprogramming of differentiated somatic cells to induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), albeit incomplete in understanding, are highly conserved across all mammalian species studied. Equally, proof of principle that iPSCs can be derived from domestic cattle has been reported in several publications. In our efforts to derive and study bovine iPSCs, we encountered inadequacy of methods to generate, sustain, and characterize these cells. Our results suggest that iPSC protocols optimized for mouse and human somatic cells do not effectively translate to bovine somatic cells, which show some refractoriness to reprogramming that also affects sustenance. Moreover, methods that enhance reprogramming efficiency in mouse and human cells had no effect on improving bovine cell reprogramming. Although use of retroviral vectors coding for bovine OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, cMYC, and NANOG appeared to produce consistent iPSC‐like cells from both fibroblasts and cells from the Wharton's jelly, these colonies could not be sustained. Use of bovine genes could successfully reprogram both mouse and human cells. These findings indicated either incomplete reprogramming and/or discordant/inadequate culture conditions for bovine pluripotent stem cells. Therefore, additional studies that advance core knowledge of bovine pluripotency are necessary before any anticipated iPSC‐driven bovine technologies can be realized.
Cancer chemotherapy drug wastage in a tertiary care hospital in India—A 3‐month prospective and 1‐year retrospective study
Authors: Gopisankar MG , Wahlang Julie , Jagtap Vikas , Sarkar Chayna , Purnima Devi L , Harris Caleb 
Published: July 2019

This study prospectively quantified wastage of cancer chemotherapeutic drugs in an oncology unit to find the associated cost in 3 months. Retrospective analysis of drug usage for 12 months was also conducted to determine the expected drug loss in 1 year. The effect of vial sharing was evaluated under the assumption of sharing. A significant drug wastage of 19.72% (95% confidence interval [CI], 14.52–24.93%) in 3 months and 17.14% (95% CI 14.69–19.59%) in 1 year occurred in our oncology unit. Number of vials purchased (r = 0.362, p < 0.01), weight (r = −0.146, P < .01) and body surface area (r = −0.26, P < .01) correlated with the drug wasted. Vial sharing assumption showed a 9% (95% CI, 2.5–15.5%) reduction in cost in 1 year.
Upstreamness, Wages and Gender: Equal Benefits for All?
Authors: Gagliardi Nicola , Mahy Benoît , Rycx François 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis article provides first evidence on the impact of a direct measure of firm‐level upstreamness (i.e. the steps before the production of a firm meets final demand) on workers’ wages. It also investigates whether results vary along the earnings distribution and by gender. Findings, based on unique matched employer–employee data relative to the Belgian manufacturing industry for the period 2002–2010, show that workers earn significantly higher wages when employed in more upstream firms. Yet, the gains from upstreamness are found to be very unequally shared among workers. Unconditional quantile estimates suggest that male top earners are the main beneficiaries, whereas women, irrespective of their earnings, appear to be unfairly rewarded. Quantile decompositions further show that these differences in wage premia account for a substantial part of the gender wage gap, especially at the top of the earnings distribution.
Numerical modelling of Cretaceous Pyrenean Rifting: The interaction between mantle exhumation and syn‐rift salt tectonics
Authors: Duretz Thibault , Asti Riccardo , Lagabrielle Yves , Brun Jean‐Pierre , Jourdon Anthony , Clerc Camille , Corre Benjamin 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe preshortening Cretaceous Pyrenean Rift is an outstanding geological laboratory to investigate the effects of a pre‐rift salt layer at the sedimentary base on lithospheric rifting. The occurrence of a pre‐rift km‐scale layer of evaporites and shales promoted the activation of syn‐rift salt tectonics from the onset of rifting. The pre‐ and syn‐rift sediments are locally affected by high‐temperature metamorphism related to mantle ascent up to shallow depths during rifting. The thermo‐mechanical interaction between décollement along the pre‐existing salt layer and mantle ascent makes the Cretaceous Pyrenean Rifting drastically different from the type of rifting that shaped most Atlantic‐type passive margins where salt deposition is syn‐rift and gravity‐driven salt tectonics has been postrift. To unravel the dynamic evolution of the Cretaceous Pyrenean Rift, we carried out a set of numerical models of lithosphere‐scale extension, calibrated using the available geological constraints. Models are used to investigate the effects of a km‐scale pre‐rift salt layer, located at the sedimentary cover base, on the dynamics of rifting. Our results highlight the key role of the décollement layer at cover base that can alone explain both salt tectonics deformation style and high‐temperature metamorphism of the pre‐rift and syn‐rift sedimentary cover. On the other hand, in the absence of décollement, our model predicts symmetric necking of the lithosphere devoid of any structure and related thermal regime geologically relevant to the Pyrenean case.
Comparing parent and provider priorities in discussions of early detection and intervention for infants with and at risk of cerebral palsy
Authors: Byrne Rachel , Duncan Andrea , Pickar Tracy , Burkhardt Stephanie , Boyd Roslyn N. , Neel Mary Lauren , Maitre Nathalie L. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundAlthough literature suggests that parents need support when their child is diagnosed with cerebral palsy (CP), it is unclear to what extent providers implement these supports in practice and what parental perspectives surround provider early diagnosis and management of CP. Therefore, we aimed to characterize and compare experiences of providers and parents of children with CP with regards to early detection and intervention.MethodSeventeen parents participated in day‐long world‐café style workshops focused on categories extracted from the International Classification of Function framework and recent systematic reviews of early detection for CP. Thirty regional providers (generalists, specialists, and therapists) caring for infants with CP completed surveys with scaled score and open‐ended questions. Quantitative and qualitative data were independently assessed by two reviewers to identify prominent themes.ResultsAll parents (100%) stated early diagnosis or high risk for CP classification was beneficial compared with only 50% of providers who often gave early CP diagnoses before 12 months. Top parent priorities were honesty and positively phrased messages. Providers most often addressed cognition, primary care need, motor, and feeding issues (80%, 62%, 54%, 54% frequently/sometimes). Matching priorities for discussion were neuroimaging timing/risk/benefit, cognition, primary care, motor, and feeding/nutrition. Discordance occurred for participation, parent well‐being, pain and vision, with parents wanting more education and resources.ConclusionsReceiving early diagnoses or high‐risk for CP classification is a parent priority. Alignment between parents and providers exists for International Classification of Function domains of body functions/structures and activity, but less for those of environment, personal, and participation.
Experiences of social interaction in young women with Turner syndrome: A qualitative study
Authors: Wolstencroft Jeanne , Mandy William , Skuse David 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundTurner Syndrome (TS; 45,X) is a sex chromosome aneuploidy associated with deficits in social interaction, for which clinical care guidelines have recently recommended trialling a social skills training intervention. The present study aimed to gather preliminary evidence to support a training programme for young women.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews and psychometric questionnaires about social ability were administered to young women with TS aged 16 to 25 years old (n=17) and their parents (n=20). Interview transcripts were analysed using thematic analysis.ResultsAlthough young women with TS experienced a “wide range of social competencies,” they attributed social challenges to “personal and contextual factors.” The magnitude of these challenges to social integration intensified during adolescence. They felt increasingly “out of sync” with their peers. They also considered their social abilities to be better than their parents did; on a scale of autistic traits (rated by parents), half had mild to severe autistic traits. Most expressed interest in taking part in a social skills programme.ConclusionYoung women with TS are aware they experience difficulties in social communication, and they express interest in improving their social skills. Accordingly, social skills training during adolescence would be welcomed by them and their families. Any intervention should take account of their feelings of social dislocation arising from hearing difficulties together with limited recognition, and slow processing, of social cues.
Safely surrendered infants in Los Angeles County: A medically vulnerable population
Authors: Orliss Micah , Rogers Karen , Rao Sheela , Deavenport‐Saman Alexis , Imagawa Karen Kay , Roberts Suzanne , Rafeedie Jennifer , Hudson Sharon M. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundAs a means to provide safety for a population at great risk of harm through abandonment, every state in the United States now has laws and practices for the safe relinquishment of newborns and infants. However, there is no national database tracking the population of infants surrendered through such programmes, and few states monitor these numbers. The primary aim of this study was therefore to examine the descriptive characteristics of infants who have been safely surrendered in a large, socio‐economically diverse urban area. The secondary aim was to compare them with local population norms to determine whether differences exist and to begin exploring what implications such differences may have for the treatment provided to these infants.MethodsA retrospective cross‐sectional study was conducted among safely surrendered infants.ResultsOver half of the infants had medical issues, and the majority of the infants were surrendered in communities characterized by low median income.ConclusionsPreliminary information highlights potential economic, social, and medical risk factors, suggesting that these infants may require increased monitoring and/or specialized care.
A novel modified undersampling (MUS) technique for software defect prediction
Authors: Lingden P. , Alsadoon Abeer , Prasad P.W.C. , Alsadoon Omar Hisham , Ali Rasha S. , Nguyen Vinh Tran Quoc 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackground and aim: Many sophisticated data mining and machine learning algorithms have been used for software defect prediction (SDP) to enhance the quality of software. However, real‐world SDP data sets suffer from class imbalance, which leads to a biased classifier and reduces the performance of existing classification algorithms resulting in an inaccurate classification and prediction. This work aims to improve the class imbalance nature of data sets to increase the accuracy of defect prediction and decrease the processing time. Methodology: The proposed model focuses on balancing the class of data sets to increase the accuracy of prediction and decrease processing time. It consists of a modified undersampling method and a correlation feature selection (CFS) method. Results: The results from ten open source project data sets showed that the proposed model improves the accuracy in terms of F1‐score to 0.52 ∼ 0.96, and hence it is proximity reached best F1‐score value in 0.96 near to 1 then it is given a perfect performance in the prediction process. Conclusion: The proposed model focuses on balancing the class of data sets to increase the accuracy of prediction and decrease processing time using the proposed model.
Operationalizing the IUCN Red List of Ecosystems in public policy
Authors: Alaniz Alberto J. , Pérez‐Quezada Jorge F. , Galleguillos Mauricio , Vásquez Alexis E. , Keith David A. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThreats to ecosystems are closely linked to human development, whereas lack, insufficiency, and inefficiency of public policies are important drivers of environmental decline. Previous studies have discussed the contribution of IUCN's Red List of Ecosystems (RLE) in conservation issues; however, its applications in different policy fields and instruments for achieving biodiversity conservation have not been explored in detail. Here, we introduce a framework to operationalize the RLE in public policy, facilitating work of governments, practitioners, and decision makers. Our analysis identified 20 policy instruments that could reduce risks to ecosystems highlighted by different Red List criteria. We discuss how RLE could inform the policy process by analyzing different instruments that could be designed, implemented, and modified to achieve risk reduction. We also present practical examples from around the world showing how ecosystem conservation could be improved by operationalizing the RLE in policy instruments. The RLE criteria can inform the policy process by helping to shape objectives and identifying policy instruments that directly address the causes and severity of risks illuminated in Red List assessments. We conclude that RLE could be expanded into a broader holistic spectrum of policy instruments, which could be a key to achieving the ecosystem conservation.
Localized juvenile spongiotic gingival hyperplasia: A report of 27 cases
Authors: Wang Michael Z. , Jordan Richard C. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundLocalized juvenile spongiotic gingival hyperplasia (LJSGH) is a poorly understood but distinctive inflammatory hyperplasia occurring in children and young adults. Fewer than 100 cases have been reported since its initial description.MethodsDuring the period of 2015 to 2018, cases of LJSGH were identified, retrieved and their clinical and histopathological data reviewed.ResultsThere were 27 cases, with a median age of 13 years (range 7‐72 years). Twenty‐four of 27 patients were less than 20 years old, and in three cases the patients were over 60 years of age. The most commonly affected site was the anterior maxillary gingiva presenting as a solitary, red, and papillated lesion. Typical microscopic findings included elevated areas of variably acanthotic, spongiotic nonkeratinized epithelium with elongated rete ridges, accompanied by a neutrophilic‐rich infiltrate. An abrupt transition between epithelium affected by LJSGH and normal mucosa was characteristic. LJSGH typically exhibited full‐thickness epithelial expression of CK19 without expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors.ConclusionsThe clinical and histopathologic characteristics of LJSGH are unique and consistent. Despite the name, the condition is not limited to juveniles and can occur in adults. LJSGH in adults and juveniles shares the same spectrum of histopathologic and immunohistochemical findings.