bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
BEHAVIOR OF THE DIAMETRIC DISTRIBUTION OF ECOLOGICAL GROUPS IN A MIXED OMBROPHILOUS FOREST FRAGMENT
Authors: Oliveira Thiago Wendling Gonçalves de , Schmitz Rafael , Camaño Jorge Danilo Zea , Corte Ana Paula Dalla , Sanquetta Carlos Roberto 
Published: June 2018

The Mixed Ombrophilous Forest is one of the most threatened ecosystems in Brazil. It is thus necessary to understand its dynamics of growth over time so that sustainable use and conservation management strategies be proposed. The objective of this study is to evaluate the behavior of the diametric distribution of two pioneer and non-pioneer ecological groups in a fragment of Mixed Ombrophilous Forest considering four years of evaluations: from 2002 to 2017. Exponential, Gamma, Weber and Weibull 3P density probability functions were adjusted. The diametric behavior of the forest and the ecological groups analyzed remained negative exponentially, being a characteristic of natural forests. The distributions that best adjusted were Weibull 3P for the forest as a whole and for the group of pioneers, and Weber for non-pioneers. We concluded that ecological groups have the same pattern of diametric distribution as the forest as a whole. However, different forest management strategies are necessary considering the intrinsic characteristics of each group.
Value‐Added Recycling of Inexpensive Carbon Sources to Graphene and Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Kwon Sung‐Joo , Seo Hong‐Kyu , Ahn Soyeong , Lee Tae‐Woo 
Published: June 2018

AbstractVarious methods are described here to synthesize functional carbonaceous materials (e.g., graphene and carbon nanotubes) from carbon waste for use in future optoelectronics. An ability to fabricate these materials from such inexpensive precursors would be economically beneficial. It also reviews attempts to improve the electrical properties of these materials, then discusses their practical electronic applications. Finally, future prospects for these processes are presented.
Assisted Tandem Catalytic Conversion of Acrylates into Adipic Esters
Authors: Maity Pradip K. , Tunge Jon A. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractA ruthenium‐catalyzed tail‐to‐tail dimerization of acrylates followed by hydrogenation results in the synthesis of adipic esters in one pot. An imine‐ligated ruthenium complex that has good catalytic reactivity for tail‐to‐tail dimerization of methyl acrylate can be readily converted to a hydrogenation catalyst resulting in the assisted tandem catalytic conversion of methyl acrylate to methyl adipate.
Hydrogen Peroxide and Metalloporphyrins in Oxidation Catalysis: Old Dogs with Some New Tricks
Authors: Calvete Mário J. F. , Piñeiro Marta , Dias Lucas D. , Pereira Mariette M. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe utilization of metalloporphyrin analogues as biomimetic oxidation catalysts is an evolutionary topic of research. Current environmental concerns have directed research in this field for the design, synthesis and application of heterogeneous catalysts, as well as avoiding the use of highly pollutant co‐oxidants and/or co‐catalysts. Herein, we review the last decade concerning the sole use of environmentally benign oxidant source hydrogen peroxide, in oxidation reactions catalyzed by metalloporphyrin analogues, both in homogeneous and heterogeneous conditions. We did not intend to create a comprehensive review; instead we highlight the most important and illustrative examples for this period. We emphasize the application of such catalysts on the oxidation reactions of many relevant substrates using heterogeneous metalloporphyrin based catalysts, specially using inorganic supports for more accessible reutilization protocols.
Catalyst Pendent‐Base Effects on Cyclization of Alkynyl Amines
Authors: Stubbs James M. , Chapple Devon E. , Boyle Paul D. , Blacquiere Johanna M. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractA family of [CpRu(PP)(MeCN)]PF6 complexes (2 a–e and 4) were prepared in which the bis‐phosphine ligand contains a pendent tertiary amine in the second‐coordination sphere. 2 a–e contain PPh2NR′2 ligands with two amine groups as the pendent base. Complex 4 has the PPh2NPh1 ligand with only one pendent amine. The catalytic performance of 2 a–e and 4 were assessed in the cyclization of 2‐ethynyl aniline and 2‐ethynylbenzyl alcohol. It was revealed that the positioning of the pendent amine near the metal active site is essential for high catalyst performance. A comparison of PPh2NR′2 catalysts (2 a–e) showed minimal difference in performance as a function of pendent amine basicity. Rather, only a threshold basicity – in which the pendent amine was more basic than the substrate – was required for high performance.
Cyanographene and Graphene Acid: The Functional Group of Graphene Derivative Determines the Application in Electrochemical Sensing and Capacitors
Authors: Heng Cheong Yi , Nasir Muhammad Zafir Mohamad , Bakandritsos Aristides , Pykal Martin , Jakubec Petr , Zbořil Radek , Otyepka Michal , Pumera Martin 
Published: June 2018

AbstractWell‐defined, stoichiometric derivatives of graphene afford many opportunities in fine‐tuning of graphene properties and hence, extend the application potential of this material. Here, we present the electrochemical properties of cyanographene (G−CN), and graphene acid (G−COOH) in order to understand the role of the covalently attached functional groups on the graphene sheet in electrochemical sensing for the detection of biomarkers. G−CN shows better performance for the negatively charged analytes ascorbic and uric acids when compared to G−COOH. The less‐favourable performance of G−COOH is explained by repulsion between negatively charged analytes and negatively charged functional groups of G−COOH. The capacitance of both materials is in a comparable range, but chronopotentiometry reveals that G−CN shows a greater capacitance than G−COOH. The identified differences in electrochemical properties imprinted by the functional group show that its chemical nature can be exploited in fine‐tuning of the selectivity of electrochemical sensing and energy storage applications.
Understanding the Rate‐Limiting Step of Glycogenolysis by Using QM/MM Calculations on Human Glycogen Phosphorylase
Authors: Brás Natércia F. , Fernandes Pedro A. , Ramos Maria J. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractLiver glycogen phosphorylase (GP) is a key enzyme for human health, as its increased activity is associated with type 2 diabetes. The GP catalytic mechanism has been explored by quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) methods. Herein, we propose a mechanism that proceeds by three steps: 1) it begins with transfer of a hydrogen atom from the phosphate group of the pyridoxal 5′‐phosphate (HPO42−‐PLP) cofactor to the phosphate substrate; 2) the glycosidic linkage is then cleaved through protonation of the glycosidic oxygen atom by a hydroxy group of the inorganic phosphate group; and 3) an oxygen atom of the phosphate performs a nucleophilic attack on the anomeric carbon atom of glucose, concomitant with the return of a proton from phosphate to PO43−‐PLP, which finally leads to formation of the glucose‐1‐phosphate product and recovers the initial state of the PLP cofactor. The glycosidic bond cleavage and nucleophilic attack from the phosphate group to the glycosyl molecule have the highest activation free energies. The structural properties of the hereby characterized transition states could be very useful in structure‐based drug design studies against liver GP.
Green Layer‐by‐Layer Method for the Preparation of Polyacrylonitrile‐Supported Zinc Benzene‐1,4‐dicarboxylic Acid Membranes
Authors: Tham Hui Min , Japip Susilo , Hua Dan , Chung Tai‐Shung 
Published: June 2018

AbstractUltrafiltration‐level polyacrylonitrile (PAN) flat sheet membranes were chemically modified through cross‐linking and hydrolysis to provide a suitable surface for the growth of a selective layer composed of a Zn benzene‐1,4‐dicarboxylic acid (Zn(BDC)) metal‐organic framework (MOF). Unlike typical membrane modification methods or conventional MOF synthesis procedures, deionized (DI) water was the only solvent used for each of the modification steps. To better understand the layer‐by‐layer MOF growth process, several MOF growth conditions were also studied, including the effects of solution concentration, growth temperature, membrane immersion time and the number of layers. Subsequently, organic solvent nanofiltration (OSN) was used to test the effectiveness of the modifications and compare the performances of the fabricated membranes. With the appropriate combination of the MOF growth conditions, the layer‐by‐layer method was used to produce an OSN membrane with an isopropanol permeance of 2.39 L m−2 h−1 bar−1 and an 86 % rejection of the dye Brilliant Blue R (Mw 825.97 g mol−1).
A discursive–institutional perspective on transformative governance: A case from a fire management policy sector
Authors: Bosomworth Karyn 
Published: June 2018

AbstractScholarship around questions of climate change adaptation is increasingly concerned with ideas of transformative adaptation and its governance through critical re‐evaluation of beliefs, values and associated institutions. For public policy sectors, the concept of transformative governance brings attention to their capacities for supporting and engaging in such governance. While much adaptation research and practice informs technical and structural understandings of these capacities (e.g., governance arrangements, learning systems and adaptation planning), most of this research (and practice) has ignored less formal, yet equally important dimensions of public administration and governance. Institutional scholarship highlights that dominant norms, beliefs, and philosophical ideas underpin how policy sectors structure their policy responses and engagement in governance. Discursive Institutionalism suggests that examining a sector's dominant discourse can provide insights into these “institutional logics”. This paper therefore argues that understanding a policy sector's institutional logics is a crucial part of working toward enabling transformative governance of adaptation. This argument is developed through a case study of the institutional logics operating in the fire management policy sector of Victoria, Australia, and the potential influence of these logics on that sector's capacities to engage in transformative governance. Findings suggest this sector's institutional logics may currently constrain its capacities to engage in transformative governance and highlight the need for greater attention to socioinstitutional dimensions of public administration to help catalyze transformative governance of (and for) adaptation.
Manipulation of the Alternative NF‐κB Pathway in Mice Has Sexually Dimorphic Effects on Bone
Authors: Zarei Allahdad , Yang Chang , Gibbs Jesse , Davis Jennifer L , Ballard Anna , Zeng Rong , Cox Linda , Veis Deborah J 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACTAlternative NF‐κB signaling promotes osteoclastogenesis and pathological bone loss, but the effect of sex on phenotype has not been explored. We disrupted alternative NF‐κB signaling by deletion of upstream kinase NF‐κB‐inducing kinase (NIK) or NF‐κB subunit RelB and found that both NIK‐deficient and RelB‐deficient female mice possessed more than twofold higher trabecular bone mass compared to controls, whereas no differences were observed in males. In vitro, RelB‐deficient precursors from female mice showed a more severe osteoclast (OC) differentiation defect than male, while WT had no sex bias. Next, we asked whether pharmacologic activation of alternative NF‐κB by inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) antagonist BV6 has sex‐dependent effects on bone. Unlike male mice that lost bone, female mice on BV6 for 4 weeks showed no changes in either trabecular bone mass or OC number. Because estrogen generally suppresses NF‐κB, we hypothesized that estrogen protects bone from BV6 effects in vivo. Thus, we performed ovariectomy or sham surgery in female mice, then treated with BV6 or vehicle for 4 weeks. Although ovariectomy caused bone loss, BV6 did not have any additional impact, suggesting that direct estrogen effects do not cause resistance to BV6 in vivo. The osteopenic effects of IAP antagonists in males may have implications for their use in cancer therapy. © 2018 The Authors.JBMR Pluspublished by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Wolbachia pipientis grows in Saccharomyces cerevisiae evoking early death of the host and deregulation of mitochondrial metabolism
Authors: Uribe‐Alvarez Cristina , Chiquete‐Félix Natalia , Morales‐García Lilia , Bohórquez‐Hernández Arlette , Delgado‐Buenrostro Norma Laura , Vaca Luis , Peña Antonio , Uribe‐Carvajal Salvador 
Published: June 2018

AbstractWolbachia sp. has colonized over 70% of insect species, successfully manipulating host fertility, protein expression, lifespan, and metabolism. Understanding and engineering the biochemistry and physiology of Wolbachia holds great promise for insect vector‐borne disease eradication. Wolbachia is cultured in cell lines, which have long duplication times and are difficult to manipulate and study. The yeast strain Saccharomyces cerevisiae W303 was used successfully as an artificial host for Wolbachia wAlbB. As compared to controls, infected yeast lost viability early, probably as a result of an abnormally high mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation activity observed at late stages of growth. No respiratory chain proteins from Wolbachia were detected, while several Wolbachia F1F0‐ATPase subunits were revealed. After 5 days outside the cell, Wolbachia remained fully infective against insect cells.
Monitoring pulmonary health in Swiss childhood cancer survivors
Authors: Kasteler Rahel , Kam Linda M. H. , Weiss Annette , Waespe Nicolas , Sommer Grit , Singer Florian , von der Weid Nicolas X. , Ansari Marc , Kuehni Claudia E. ,   for the Swiss Pediatric Oncology Group (SPOG)
Published: June 2018

AbstractBackgroundChildhood cancer survivors are at increased risk for pulmonary morbidity and mortality. International guidelines recommend pulmonary function tests (PFT) during follow‐up care. This nationwide study assessed how many children received PFT within 5 years after pulmotoxic treatment in Switzerland, types of tests, and predictors for testing.MethodsWe included all children from the Swiss Childhood Cancer Registry who were diagnosed with cancer from 1990 to 2013 at age 0–16 years, survived for ≥2 years from diagnosis, and had pulmotoxic chemotherapy with bleomycin, busulfan, nitrosoureas, and/or chest radiotherapy. We searched medical records in all Swiss pediatric oncology clinics for PFT (spirometry, plethysmography, diffusion capacity of carbon monoxide [DLCO]) and treatment details.ResultsWe found medical records for 372 children, of whom 147 had pulmotoxic chemotherapy and 323 chest radiotherapy. Only 185 had plethysmography and/or spirometry (50%), 122 had DLCO (33%). Testing varied by cancer center from 3% to 79% (P = 0.001). Central nervous system tumor survivors and those not treated according to study protocols had less plethysmography and/or spirometry (odds ratio (OR) 0.3 and 0.3), lymphoma survivors and those who were symptomatic had more PFT (plethysmography and/or spirometry: OR 5.9 and 8.7; DLCO: OR 3.4 and 2.3). Cumulative incidence (CuI) of PFT was 52% in the first 5 years after pulmotoxic treatment; most of the tests were done in the first 2 years after treatment (CuI 44%).ConclusionOnly half of the survivors exposed to pulmotoxic treatment have been followed up with PFT in Switzerland. We need to optimize, update, and implement monitoring guidelines.
Organic Flexible Electronics
Authors: Ling Haifeng , Liu Shenghua , Zheng Zijian , Yan Feng 
Published: June 2018

AbstractDuring the past two decades, the vigorous development of flexible organic semiconductor devices has heralded a new era of human society due to their promising applications in portable, wearable, implantable, and biological electronics. In recent years, exciting progress has been made on various flexible electronic devices, including organic light‐emitting diodes, organic photovoltaics, organic thin‐film transistors, organic flexible integrated circuits, sensors, and memories. Here, to provide a comprehensive and up‐to‐date review on this emerging field, the focus is on the critical issues of organic devices, including material choice, device design, mechanical flexibility, strain effects, and processing techniques, as well as some specific applications that have been successfully developed. Finally, a conclusion and an outlook for the future development of this field are given.
Assessing expandable Global Positioning System collars for moose neonates
Authors: Obermoller Tyler R. , Delgiudice Glenn D. , Severud William J. 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACTDeploying Global Positioning System (GPS) collars on ungulate neonates would offer notable advantages to examining their life history and influence on population performance. During 2013 and 2014, we deployed expandable GPS collars on 74 moose (Alces alces) neonates in Minnesota, USA, to estimate survival and cause‐specific mortality during their first year. Collars slipped from 10.5% and 62.5% of calves at 15.8 (±4.5 [SE]) and 27.9 (±8.1) days postcapture in 2013 and 2014, respectively, from premature deterioration of the breakaway mechanism or excessive band expansion. We conducted various controlled tests on the bands to quantify potential design flaws. We placed 8 bands (with GPS package) around a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipe outdoors (exposed to weather) with clear plastic tubing (sleeve) to prevent neck abrasions, 7 collars outdoors with no sleeve, and 7 collars indoors with no sleeve. We dropped each pipe 10 cm 50 times in the morning and in the afternoon daily for 4 weeks to simulate animal movement and test elastic memory. Circumference of bands from the 3 treatment groups increased 14.6 (±2.5), 8.5 (±2.9), and 3.9 (±2.4) cm, respectively, with 41.9% attributed to the sleeve, 26.9% to simulated animal movement, and 31.2% to weather exposure. Circumference of control group bands (indoors, not bounced) did not change. After design modifications were made to the collar, the band length increased only 1.5 ± 0.6 cm during a 4‐week trial. Subsequently, we placed 6 of these collars on confined and sheltered Holstein dairy calves; 5 retained their collar during an 8‐week test. After increasing the strength of the expandable loops via sewing, we placed 4 collars on pastured Angus beef calves. Three of 4 slipped their collars at 42.4 (±8.9) days. Our results indicate additional modifications of the band are needed before GPS‐collaring of moose neonates is resumed. © 2018 The Wildlife Society.
Cohort Differences in Parental Financial Help to Adult Children
Authors: Henretta John C. , Van Voorhis Matthew F. , Soldo Beth J. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
In this article, we examine birth cohort differences in parents’ provision of monetary help to adult children with particular focus on the extent to which cohort differences in family structure and the transition to adulthood influence these changes. Using data from the Health and Retirement Study from 1994 to 2010, we compare financial help to children of three respondent cohorts as the parents in these birth cohorts from ages 53–58 to 57–62. We find that transfers to children have increased among more recent cohorts. Two trends—declining family size and children’s delay in marriage—account for part of the increase across cohorts. However, other trends, such as the increase in the number of stepchildren and increasing child’s income level, tend to decrease the observed cohort trend.
Conducting a Time Trade-Off Study Alongside a Clinical Trial: A Case Study and Recommendations
Authors: Shen Jing , Hill Sarah , Mott David , Breckons Matthew , Vale Luke , Pickard Rob 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Time trade-off (TTO) is an established method in health economics to elicit and value individuals’ preferences for different health states. These preferences are expressed in the form of health-state utilities that are typically used to measure health-related quality of life and calculate quality-adjusted life-years in an economic evaluation. The TTO approach to directly elicit health-state utilities is particularly valuable when generic instruments (e.g. EQ-5D) may not fully capture changes in utility in a clinical trial. However, there is limited guidance on how a TTO study should be conducted alongside a clinical trial despite it being a valuable tool. We present an account of the design and development of a TTO study within a clinical trial as a case study. We describe the development of materials needed for the TTO interviews, the piloting of the TTO materials and interview process, and recommendations for future TTO studies. This paper provides a practical guide and reference for future applications of the TTO method alongside a clinical trial.
PSD2: Is the banking industry prepared?
Authors: Noctor Mark 
Published: June 2018

January 2018 introduced significant change for both the banking and cyber-security industries due to the introduction of the EU's updated Payment Service Directive (PSD). The mandate, known as the PSD2, enables all bank customers, both consumers and businesses, to use third-party providers to manage their finances. Despite mobile operating systems actively discouraging the linking of applications, in order to ensure data protection banks are now obligated to provide application programme interfaces (APIs) to allow third-party providers access to their customers’ accounts. The new PSD2 enables all bank customers to use third-party providers to manage their finances, meaning that banks are now obligated to provide application programme interfaces (APIs) to allow third-party providers access to customers’ accounts. Mark Noctor of Arxan Technologies asks how secure this approach will be, as well as what risks will arise and for whom.
Perfectionism in Italy and the USA
Authors: Rice Sean P. M. , Loscalzo Yura , Giannini Marco , Rice Kenneth G. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract. Perfectionism research has been recently extending its scope internationally. The short forms of the Almost Perfect Scale-Revised (APS-R; Slaney, Rice, Mobley, Trippi, & Ashby, 2001 ; Rice, Richardson, & Tueller, 2014 ) and the Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (MPS; Cox, Enns, & Clara, 2002 ; Hewitt & Flett, 1990 ), originally validated with North American samples, have been translated for use on Italian samples. However, these tests have yet to be evaluated for measurement equivalence between the respective countries. Both scales were administered to undergraduate students in the USA ( N = 336) and Italy ( N = 201). Multiple group confirmatory factor analyses supported partial scalar invariance for both scales, indicating functional equivalence across cultures. Italian students reported lower levels of perfectionistic strivings. No meaningful differences in perfectionistic concerns were found between countries. Further study is needed to assess why some items and factors may differ between Italians and Americans.