bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Computed microtomography evaluation of calcium hydroxide‐based root canal dressing removal from oval root canals by different methods of irrigation
Authors: de Oliveira Renata L. , Guerisoli Danilo M. Z. , Duque Jussaro A. , Alcalde Murilo P. , Onoda Hélio K. , Domingues Felipe H. Fassina , Vivan Rodrigo R. , Duarte Marco A. H. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the capacity of conventional irrigation, passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI), and Easy Clean for removing calcium hydroxide‐based root canal dressing from oval root canals. Thirty mandibular uniradicular incisors with oval canals were used, and subjected to chemical–mechanical preparation with Reciproc R40 instruments. The main canal was filled with a paste based on Ca(OH)2 P.A., iodoform and propylene glycol in the ratio of 3:1:1. The teeth were stored in 100% humidity at a temperature of 37°C for 14 days. Afterwards, the teeth were divided into three groups (n = 10) according to the method of irrigation used (conventional irrigation, PUI, and Easy Clean). The specimens were analyzed by computed microtomography at three time intervals: before placing the root canal dressing, with the root canal dressing in place, and after application of the irrigation methods for removing it. The data were submitted to Kruskal–Wallis and Dunn tests for analyzing the canal as a whole, and Friedman and Dunn for analyzing the root thirds. The results showed that conventional irrigation was less efficient for removing the root canal dressing in comparison with the methods that agitated the irrigant solution (p < .05). When the root canal was analyzed as a whole, Easy Clean, and PUI were similar (p > .05). In analysis of the thirds, Easy Clean was more efficient than conventional irrigation in all the thirds, while PUI showed this behavior only in the cervical third (p < .05). The authors concluded that in oval canals, none of the irrigation methods were capable of removing all the root canal dressing, however, the methods that agitated the irrigant solution were more efficient than conventional irrigation.
Cervical spine findings on MRI in people with neck pain compared with pain‐free controls: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Farrell Scott F. , Smith Ashley D. , Hancock Mark J. , Webb Alexandra L. , Sterling Michele 
Published: January 2019

BackgroundThere is uncertainty regarding the clinical significance of findings on MRI in patients with whiplash associated disorder (WAD) or nonspecific neck pain (NSNP).PurposeTo compare the presence of cervical spine MRI findings in people with WAD or NSNP with pain‐free controls.Study TypeSystematic review and meta‐analysis.PopulationAdults with WAD (n = 994), NSNP (n = 715), or pain‐free controls (n = 2323).Field Strength0.5T, 1.5T, and 3.0T.AssessmentMedline, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, SCOPUS, and Cochrane CENTRAL databases were searched. Two independent reviewers identified studies for inclusion and extracted data. Risk of bias was assessed using the Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross‐Sectional Studies. Overall quality of the evidence from meta‐analysis was assessed using the Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach.Statistical TestsMeta‐analysis was performed using a random‐effects model to calculate odds ratios or standard mean differences (SMDs) for binary and continuous data.ResultsIn total, 31 studies were included (eight comparing acute WAD to controls, 14 comparing chronic WAD to controls, 12 comparing chronic NSNP to controls) comprising 4032 participants. Rectus capitis posterior major cross‐sectional area was smaller in people with chronic NSNP than controls (two studies: SMD –1.18 [95% confidence interval [CI] –1.65, –0.71]). The remaining meta‐analysis comparisons showed no group differences in MRI findings. The quality of evidence was mostly low due to small sample sizes and high heterogeneity.Data ConclusionGiven the typically low‐quality evidence, definitive conclusions cannot be drawn on the presence of MRI findings in individuals with WAD or NSNP compared with pain‐free controls.Level of Evidence: 3Technical Efficacy: Stage 3J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2018.
Enteral Docosahexaenoic Acid and Retinopathy of Prematurity: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Bernabe‐García Mariela , Villegas‐Silva Raúl , Villavicencio‐Torres Astrid , Calder Philip C. , Rodríguez‐Cruz Maricela , Maldonado‐Hernández Jorge , Macías‐Loaiza Denisse , López‐Alarcón Mardia , Inda‐Icaza Patricia , Cruz‐Reynoso Leonardo 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackgroundRetinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a disorder of the retina of low‐birth‐weight preterm infants that potentially leads to blindness. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), is protective in experimental models, but its administration as part of parenteral nutrition has shown inconsistent results. We test the effect of enteral DHA to prevent ROP and/or severity and to reduce hospital stay.MethodsThis was a double‐blind parallel clinical trial. Preterm infants (n = 110; 55 per group) with birth weight <1500 g but ≥1000 g were recruited in a neonatal intensive care unit. Infants were randomized to receive 75 mg of DHA/kg/d (DHA group) or high oleic sunflower oil (control group) for 14 days by enteral feeding. The effect of DHA was evaluated on any stage of ROP, severe ROP (stage ≥3) incidence, and hospital stay. Groups were compared with relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI), Fisher's exact test, Student'st‐test, or Mann‐Whitney U‐test, as appropriate. Logistic regression was applied to adjust for confounders.ResultsThere was no difference between the DHA and control groups in ROP risk (RR for DHA = 0.79; 95% CI, 0.49–1.27;P= 0.33). However, patients who received DHA showed lower risk for stage 3 ROP (RR for DHA = 0.66; 95% CI, 0.44–0.99;P= 0.03). After adjusting for confounders, this decreased risk remained significant (adjusted odds ratio = 0.10; 95% CI, 0.011–0.886;P= 0.04). Hospital stay was similar between groups.ConclusionEnteral DHA may reduce the incidence of stage 3 ROP.
Raman analysis of strained graphene grown on dewetted cobalt
Authors: Amato Giampiero , Beccaria Federico , Landini Elisabetta , Vittone Ettore 
Published: January 2019

AbstractGraphene grows onto cobalt by means of diffusion of carbon atoms during the isothermal stage of exposure to hydrocarbon precursor, followed by precipitation during cooling. This method, largely applied with nickel catalyst, is known to produce continuous, but not uniform, layers with the concurrent presence of mono‐ and poly‐graphene areas. With the aid of Raman mapping of graphene still lying onto its catalyst, we are able to consider the possible origins for the observed distortions of the phonon modes with respect to the well‐known picture of the monolayer material. Optical effects, doping, the presence of multilayered islands, and strain are kept into account. It is shown that some observations can be interpreted in terms of the occurrence of isotropic strain with the uniaxial component superimposed at the metal discontinuities. Strain is proposed to originate from the difference between the thermal expansion coefficients of graphene and cobalt. The present paper shows that inhomogeneities in graphene grown onto catalysts with high C solubility are not always directly related to excess of precipitation. The observation of strain in as‐grown graphene opens the possibility of tailoring the electronic density of states via strain engineering directly during growth.
Comprehensive multimodal surgical treatment of end‐stage lower extremity lymphedema with toe management: The combined Charles,’ Homan’s, and vascularized lymph node transfer (CHAHOVA) procedures
Authors: Ciudad Pedro , Agko Mouchammed , Huang Tony C. T. , Manrique Oscar J , Chang Wei‐Ling , Nicoli Fabio , Maruccia Michele , Lo Torto Federico , Chen Hung‐Chi 
Published: January 2019

BackgroundEnd‐stage lower extremity lymphedema (LEL) poses a particularly formidable challenge to surgeons as multiple pathological processes are at work. Because single modality treatment is often unsuccessful, we devised a comprehensive multimodal surgical treatment. The aim of this study is to share the technical considerations and examine the clinical outcomes of this combined approach.MethodsBetween 2013 and 2017, patients with International Society of Lymphology stage III, who underwent the combination treatment of Charles,’ Homan’s procedure with toe management and vascularized lymph node transfer (CHAHOVA), were included in this retrospective study. Outcomes evaluated were limb size, number of infectious episodes, compression garment usage, and rate of complications.ResultsA total of 68 patients were included. With a mean follow‐up of 29 months, the overall circumference reduction rate for the upper thigh and the rest of the extremity was 67.4% (48.2‐88.2%) and 98.1% (88‐100%), respectively. During the follow‐ups, 2 (2.9%) patients experienced episodes of cellulitis and the average number of yearly infections decreased from 4.2 to 1.2 episodes per person. All patients were able to discontinue compression therapy without recurrence of lymphedema. Nine (13.2%) patients reported minor complications.ConclusionThe combine CHAHOVA in a single‐stage procedure is an effective and safe approach in the end‐stage LEL.
Northern goshawk space use and resource selection
Authors: Moser Brian W. , Garton Edward O. 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACTNorthern goshawk (Accipiter gentilis) space use is influenced by a number of variables. We used satellite platform transmitter terminals (PTTs) and the Argos system on male (n = 7) and female (n = 12) goshawks to estimate space use in northern Idaho, USA, during 2004–2006. Goshawk home ranges were larger in our study than those in the southwestern United States and comparable to those in more northern latitudes. Male breeding‐season home ranges (5,146 ± 826 ha) were 33% larger than female home ranges (3,859 ± 815 ha). Female home ranges increased >2‐fold during the nonbreeding season. Breeding‐season home range sizes were a function of nesting success and the proportions of cover types within the home range. Male goshawks selected home ranges with smaller proportions and patches of moderately closed forests, and greater edge associated with openings. Female goshawks selected home ranges with smaller proportions and patches of openings, and greater edge densities associated with moderately closed and closed‐canopy forests. Neither male nor female goshawks selected home ranges with greater proportions of closed‐canopy forest than what was available within the study area. Habitat selection estimates differed between actual home range boundaries and nest buffers used as surrogate home ranges. We recommend researchers use actual home ranges when estimating second‐order habitat selection for goshawks. © 2019 The Wildlife Society.
Tribological characterisation of plant oil derived fatty acid esters of higher polyols: Comparative experimental study
Authors: Nowicki Janusz , Drabik Jolanta , Woszczyński Piotr , Gębura Katarzyna , Nowakowska‐Bogdan Ewa , Kozdrach Rafal 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIn this paper, we present the study on the synthesis, physico‐chemical, and tribological characterisation of selected plant‐derived fatty acids esters of higher polyols. We described here more effective method synthesis of desired esters with high yields and high selectivities. In our novel and improved synthesis protocol, we applied homogeneous Sn catalysts. Physico‐chemical characterisation and lubricating properties of synthesised esters have been determined and discussed. Our results showed that the synthesised esters are characterised by excellent viscosity, good low temperature, and lubrication properties. High thermal resistance is the main benefit of synthesised esters. For fatty acid esters of trimethylolpropane dimer, onset temperatures are around 400°C and decomposition temperatures above 460°C, which makes these esters applicable in higher temperature.
Proteomic characterization and discrimination of Aeromonas species recovered from meat and water samples with a spotlight on the antimicrobial resistance of Aeromonas hydrophila
Authors: Elbehiry Ayman , Marzouk Eman , Abdeen Eman , Al‐Dubaib Musaad , Alsayeqh Abdullah , Ibrahem Mai , Hamada Mohamed , Alenzi Afrah , Moussa Ihab , Hemeg Hassan A. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAeromonas is recognized as a human pathogen following ingestion of contaminated food and water. One major problem in Aeromonas identification is that certain species are phenotypically very similar. The antimicrobial resistance is another significant challenge worldwide. We therefore aimed to use mass spectrometry technology for identification and discrimination of Aeromonas species and to screen the antimicrobial resistance of Aeromonas hydrophila (A. hydrophila). A total of 150 chicken meat and water samples were cultured, and then, the isolates were identified biochemically by the Vitek® 2 Compact system. Proteomic identification was performed by MALDI‐TOF MS and confirmed by a microchannel fluidics electrophoresis assay. Principal component analysis (PCA) and single‐peak analysis created by MALDI were also used to discriminate the Aeromonas species. The antimicrobial resistance of the A. hydrophila isolates was determined by Vitek® 2 AST cards. In total, 43 samples were positive for Aeromonas and comprised 22 A. hydrophila, 12 Aeromonas caviae (A. caviae), and 9 Aeromonas sobria (A. sobria) isolates. Thirty‐nine out of 43 (90.69%) Aeromonas isolates were identified by the Vitek® 2 Compact system, whereas 100% of the Aeromonas isolates were correctly identified by MALDI‐TOF MS with a score value ≥2.00. PCA successfully separated A. hydrophila, A. caviae and A. sobria isolates into two groups. Single‐peak analysis revealed four discriminating peaks that separated A. hydrophila from A. caviae and A. sobria isolates. The resistance of A. hydrophila to antibiotics was 95.46% for ampicillin, 50% for cefotaxime, 45.45% for norfloxacin and pefloxacin, 36.36% for ceftazidime and ciprofloxacin, 31.81% for ofloxacin and 27.27% for nalidixic acid and tobramycin. In conclusion, chicken meat and water were tainted with Aeromonas spp., with a high occurrence of A. hydrophila. MALDI‐TOF MS is a powerful technique for characterizing aeromonads at the genus and species levels. Future studies should investigate the resistance of A. hydrophila to various antimicrobial agents.
Treatment response with sirolimus for a pediatric patient with an EBV‐associated smooth‐muscle tumor after bone marrow transplantation
Authors: Penney Scott W. , Bishop Bradie N. , Howell Della L. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractEpstein–Barr virus–associated smooth‐muscle tumors (EBV‐SMTs) are unique and rare neoplasms described in immunocompromised patients. The case describes a nine‐year‐old female with a history of acute lymphoblastic leukemia with relapse and subsequent allogeneic bone marrow transplantation who presented with multiple EBV‐SMTs of the liver. EBV utilizes the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway for tumor growth, and sirolimus, a mTOR inhibitor, has shown to result in a short‐term response. We now report an extended treatment response with sirolimus in a pediatric patient with an EBV‐SMT.
Antimicrobial anilinium polymers: The properties of poly(N,N‐dimethylaminophenylene methacrylamide) in solution and as coatings
Authors: Chen Ao , Er Gerald , Zhang Cheng , Tang Joyce , Alam Mahbub , T. Ta Hang , Elliott Alysha G. , Cooper Matthew A. , Perera Janesha , Swift Simon , Blakey Idriss , Whittaker Andrew K. , Peng Hui 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACTAntimicrobial polymers have been widely reported to exert strong biocidal effects against bacteria. In contrast with antimicrobial polymers with aliphatic ammonium groups, polymers with anilinium groups have been rarely studied and applied as biocidal materials. In this study, a representative polymer with aniline side functional groups, poly(N,N‐dimethylaminophenylene methacrylamide) (PDMAPMA), was explored as a novel antimicrobial polymer. PDMAPMA was synthesized and its physicochemical properties evaluated. The methyl iodide‐quaternized polymer was tested against the Gram‐positive Staphylococcus aureus, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of 16–32 and 64–128 μg mL−1, respectively. Against the Gram‐negative Escherichia coli, the MIC and MBC were both 64–128 μg mL−1. To broaden the range of applications, PDMAPMA was coated on substrates via crosslinking to endow the surface with contact‐kill functionality. The effect of charge density of the coatings on the antimicrobial behavior was then investigated, and stronger biocidal performance was observed for films with higher charge density. This study of the biocidal behavior of PDMAPMA both in solution and as coatings is expected to broaden the application of polymers containing aniline side groups and provide more information on the antimicrobial behavior of such materials. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2019, 57, 1908–1921
Health risk behaviors, violence exposure, and current asthma among adolescents in the United States
Authors: Han Yueh‐Ying , Forno Erick , Celedón Juan C. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackgroundAsthma may worsen during adolescence, due to both health risk behaviors and psychosocial stressors commonly encountered during this life stage.MethodsCross‐sectional study of 24 612 high school students who participated in the 2009 and 2011 National Youth Risk Behavior Survey. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine the relation between self‐reported health risk behaviors or psychosocial stressors and current asthma. Mediation analysis was performed to assess whether depressive symptoms or suicidal behavior contribute to the link between psychosocial stressors and asthma.ResultsCurrent asthma was reported by 13.1% of the study participants. In a multivariable analysis, female sex, obesity, shorter sleep duration, frequent soda/pop consumption, and marijuana use were each significantly associated with 14‐36% increased odds of asthma. Any violent behavior (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 1.12, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.02‐1.24), any victimization (OR = 1.43, 95%CI = 1.29–1.58), any suicidal behavior (OR = 1.41, 95%CI = 1.22‐1.64) and having felt sad or hopeless in the past year (OR = 1.57, 95%CI = 1.40‐1.75) were each associated with current asthma. In a mediation analyses, having felt sad/hopeless and suicidal behaviors accounted for 21% and 14%, respectively, of the victimization‐asthma association.ConclusionPotentially modifiable risk factors, including obesity, short sleep duration, frequent soda/pop consumption, and psychosocial stressors are associated with asthma in US adolescents. Promoting healthier lifestyles, as well as screening for violence exposure and treating depressive symptoms, could help reduce asthma burden in this population.
Children with poorly controlled asthma: Randomized controlled trial of a home‐based environmental control intervention
Authors: Butz Arlene Manns , Bollinger Mary E. , Ogborn Jean , Morphew Tricia , Mudd Shawna S. , Kub Joan E. , Bellin Melissa H. , Lewis‐Land Cassia , DePriest Kelli , Tsoukleris Mona 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackgroundFew trials have tested targeted environmental control (EC) interventions based on biomarkers of second hand smoke (SHS) exposure and allergen sensitization in reducing asthma emergency department (ED) visits in children with poorly controlled asthma.MethodsOverall, 222 children with poorly controlled asthma were randomized into a home‐based EC intervention (INT) or control (CON) group and followed for ED visits over 12 months. All children received allergen‐specific IgE serologic testing and SHS exposure biomarker testing to inform the EC intervention. Pharmacy data was examined for asthma medication fills. Cox proportional hazards and multivariate regression models were performed to examine factors associated with repeat ED visits.ResultsThere was no difference in increased risk of >1 ED visit at 12 months between INT and CON groups. Most children (75%) had moderate/severe persistent asthma. Over half (56%) had SHS exposure and 83% tested positive for >1 allergen sensitization. Among children without SHS exposure, the median time to first recurrent ED visit differed by group (CON: 195; INT: >365 days) after adjusting for child age, allergic sensitization, medication fills prior to baseline, controller medication use, and the interaction between group status and SHS exposure. Children who had positive allergic sensitizations, younger, had increased controller medication use and randomized to the CON group and had no SHS exposure had increased risk for a repeat ED visit over 12 months.ConclusionsIn this study, a home‐based EC intervention was not successful in reducing asthma ED revisits in children with poorly controlled asthma with SHS exposure. Allergic sensitization, young age, and increased controller medication use were important predictors of asthma ED visits.
Identification of targets for prostate cancer immunotherapy
Authors: Papanicolau‐Sengos Antonios , Yang Yuanquan , Pabla Sarabjot , Lenzo Felicia L. , Kato Shumei , Kurzrock Razelle , DePietro Paul , Nesline Mary , Conroy Jeffrey , Glenn Sean , Chatta Gurkamal , Morrison Carl 
Published: January 2019

BackgroundWe performed profiling of the immune microenvironment of castration‐resistant (CRPC) and castration‐sensitive (CSPC) prostate cancer (PC) in order to identify novel targets for immunotherapy.MethodsPD‐L1 and CD3/CD8 immunohistochemistry, PD‐L1/2 fluorescent in situ hybridization, tumor mutation burden, microsatellite instability, and RNA‐seq of 395 immune‐related genes were performed in 19 CRPC and CSPC. Targeted genomic sequencing and fusion analysis were performed in 17 of these specimens.ResultsCD276, PVR, and NECTIN2 were highly expressed in PC. Comparison of CRPC versus CSPC and primary versus metastatic tissue revealed the differential expression of immunostimulatory, immunosuppressive, and epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EMT)‐related genes. Unsupervised clustering of differentially expressed genes yielded two final clusters best segregated by CRPC and CSPC status.ConclusionCD276 and the alternative checkpoint inhibition PVR/NECTIN2/CD226/TIGIT pathway emerged as relevant to PC checkpoint inhibition target development.