bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the gut and gill microbiome of resistant and susceptible lines of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
Authors: Brown Ryan M. , Wiens Gregory D. , Salinas Irene 
Published: September 2018

AbstractCommensal microorganisms present at mucosal surfaces play a vital role in protecting the host organism from bacterial infection. There are multiple factors that contribute to selecting for the microbiome, key of which are host genetics. Flavobacterium psychrophillum, the causative agent of Bacterial Cold Water Disease in salmonids, accounts for acute losses in wild and farmed Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). The U.S. National Center for Cool and Cold Water Aquaculture has used family-based selective breeding to generate a line of rainbow trout with enhanced resistance to F. psychrophilum. The goal of this study is to determine whether selective breeding impacts the gut and gill microbiome of the F. psychrophilum-resistant as compared to a background matched susceptible trout line. Mid-gut and gill samples were collected from juvenile fish (mean bwt 118g) and microbial diversity assessed by 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing. Results indicate that alpha diversity was significantly higher in the mid-gut of the susceptible line compared to the resistant line, while no significant differences in alpha diversity were observed in the gills. Mycoplasma sp. was the dominant taxon in the mid-gut of both groups, although it was present at a decreased abundance in the susceptible line. We also observed an increased abundance of taxa that could potentially be pathogenic in the susceptible line, including Brevinema sp. and Enterobacteriaceae members. Within the gills, both lines exhibited similar microbial profiles, with Candidatus Branchiomonas being the dominant taxon. Together, these results suggest that selectively bred Flavobacterium psychrophillum-resistant trout may harness a more resilient gut microbiome, attributing to the disease resistant phenotype, providing a framework for future experiments.
Predation at a snail’s pace. What is needed for a successful hunt?
Authors: Gruijters Wouterus T. M. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractDaily observations of wildParyphanta busbyi(New Zealand Kauri snail) along the edge of a driveway were carried out for just over one year. Documented behaviours include the snail’s speed of movement, thrusting their heads down into leaf litter to wait in ambush for prey, the daily retreat into lairs, burrowing, and the grooming of the snail’s shell. The most significant environmental factors affecting the presence of the snails were humidity and wind direction. There was a migration of snails into and out of the observable study area at different times of year. Due to the snail’s pace of 1.9 to 3 m/hr relative to its prey at 5-10m/hr the snails would need to migrate to and inhabit areas where there is likely to be trackable prey. Overall the observations indicate the hunting strategy of a periodically active ambush predator sometimes based in a lair and migrating to suitably humid and windless areas as needed to allow tracking of their prey.
Cost estimation accuracy in supply chain design
Authors: Asmussen Jesper Normann , Kristensen Jesper , Wæhrens Brian Vejrum 
Published: September 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate how management attention and supply chain complexity affect the decision-making process and cost estimation accuracy of supply chain design (SCD) decisions.Design/methodology/approachThe research follows an embedded case study design. Through the lens of the behavioural theory of the firm, the SCD decision process and realised outcomes are investigated through longitudinal data collection across ten embedded cases with varying degrees of supply chain decision-making complexity and management attention.FindingsThe findings suggest that as supply chain decision-making complexity increases, cost estimation accuracy decreases. The extent to which supply chain decision-making complexity is readily recognised influences the selection of strategies for information search and analysis and, thus, impacts resulting cost estimation errors. The paper further shows the importance of management attention for cost estimation accuracy, especially management attention based on conflicting goals induce behaviours that improve estimation ability.Research limitations/implicationsA framework proposing a balance between supply chain decision-making complexity and management attention in SCD decisions is proposed. However, as an embedded case study the research would benefit from replication to externally validate results.Originality/valueThe method used in this study can identify how supply chain complexity is related to cost estimation errors and how management attention is associated with behaviours that improve cost estimation accuracy, indicating the importance of management attention in complex supply chain decision-making.
Health and wellness of Canadian commercial motor vehicle drivers
Authors: Crizzle Alexander , Madani Larijani Maryam , Myers Anita , McCrory Cassondra , Thiffault Pierre , Bigelow Philip 
Published: September 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to solicit perspectives from stakeholders concerning health, environmental and operational challenges among Commercial motor vehicle (CMV) drivers in Canada (truck and bus drivers).

Design/methodology/approach
Two focus groups and one interview were conducted with key industry, government and advocacy groups representing or working with CMV drivers. Perspectives pertaining to working conditions, health issues, driver recruitment and retention, and other key issues in the CMV sector were obtained.

Findings
The findings show that undesirable working conditions are primary issues that impact recruitment and retention, as well as health and wellness (H&W), and productivity of drivers in both the truck and bus sectors. Compared to our US counterparts, finding parking areas and rest stops were seen as a major issue for Canadian truckers (particularly in the north). Unfortunately, there is limited or out-dated information on drivers and companies in Canada. Stakeholders stated the need for more information from both carriers/companies and from drivers themselves (particularly long-haul drivers).

Research limitations/implications
This study identifies gaps and key priority research areas pertaining to the H&W of the CMV sector in Canada that require further investigation.

Originality/value
CMV drivers are considered a vulnerable sector of the population. While drivers themselves have reported on undesirable work conditions leading to poor health, prior studies have not assessed the awareness or perspective of stakeholders involved in the CMV sector. This is the first study to capture stakeholder perspectives of the working conditions and health outcomes of CMV drivers.
Challenger sale: a dynamic method for customer engagement and value creation in business-to-business relationships
Authors: Osmonbekov Talai , Adamson Brent , Dixon Matthew 
Published: September 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to further explicate the notion of challenger sale.

Design/methodology/approach
The method used for this article is a personal interview.

Findings
The interview provides readers with insights and explanations of the challenger sale method from the authors of the book.

Originality/value
The interview allows the readers to learn directly from the authors of the methodology.
Improving the operational efficiency of outbound retail logistics using clustering of retailers and consumers
Authors: Mohanty Mahamaya , Singh Rashmi , Shankar Ravi 
Published: September 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate ways to improve operational efficiency of outbound retail logistics considering retailers and consumers by using clustering approach. The retailers are allocated to serve a cluster of consumers. This study demonstrates economic and environment benefits that are achieved in terms of reduced delivery time, transportation cost and carbon emissions.

Design/methodology/approach
This study is based on modeling the outbound logistics of a retail chain by using Kohonen self-organizing map (KSOM). KSOM is an unsupervised learning and data analysis method for vector quantization, which is based on Euclidean distance method to form clusters.

Findings
Appropriate clustering of retailers and consumers provides efficient locations of retailers that are identified using the KSOM training algorithm. It provides optimum distance with lesser delivery time, transportation cost and carbon emissions.

Research limitations/implications
The implication of research includes modeling of operational procedures in a retail supply chain, which is a crucial task for a business. These operations positively affect the reduction in inventory and distribution costs, improvement in customer service and responsiveness to the ever-changing markets of consumer durables. Overall results are insightful and practical in the sense that implementation would result in consumer convenience, eco-friendly environment, etc.

Originality/value
There is not enough research available on outbound retail logistics considering retailers and consumers using clustering approach.
Service work in 2050: toward a work ecosystems perspective
Authors: Subramony Mahesh , Solnet David , Groth Markus , Yagil Dana , Hartley Nicole , Beomcheol Kim Peter , Golubovskaya Maria 
Published: September 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the changing nature of the relationship between service workers and their work arrangements. Building upon classical and contemporary management theories and examining current trends and disruptions in employment relationships, it proposes a dynamic and relational model applicable to the management of service work in future decades (notionally in the year 2050).Design/methodology/approachThis paper introduces and develops the concept of worker–ecosystem relationship as a core construct to describe the participation and productivity of workers in the significantly transformed work environment of 2050.FindingsThis paper argues that in work ecosystems – defined as relatively self-contained and self-adjusting systems – work arrangements will evolve toward less-clearly defined employment relationships characterized by long-term social contracts, tightly defined work roles and physical proximity of workers and organizations.Originality/valueA novel yet theoretically rooted construct of work ecosystems is introduced, using this new lens to predict changes in the nature of service work in 2050.
Employee engagement, positive organizational culture and individual adaptability
Authors: Parent Jane D. , Lovelace Kathi J. 
Published: September 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the connections between employee engagement, positive organizational psychology and an individual’s ability to adapt to ongoing organizational change.

Design/methodology/approach
The literature on individual adaptability, positive organizational psychology and employee engagement is reviewed. A model that suggests that a positive work culture enhances employee engagement and in specific cases leads to increased adaptability is developed.

Findings
While organizational engagement will have a positive effect on the individual’s ability to adapt to changes, job engagement will have the opposite effect, uncovering potential obstacles to change management in organizations.

Research limitations/implications
Suggestions for future research are provided with the intent to further academic research in this area. This model can serve as a starting point for future research design and can be tested in organizations undergoing various changes.

Practical implications
A positive culture fosters both job and organizational engagement within an organization. Managers can understand how to cultivate a positive, engaged environment for employees while understanding how certain job changes might have both positive and negative effects on an individual’s ability to adapt.

Originality/value
A model for identifying relationships between positive organizational behaviors, two types of employee engagement (organizational engagement and job engagement) and an individual’s ability to adapt to change is helpful to researchers and practitioners alike.
Multinational enterprises perceptions of the national corporate social responsibility priority issues in South Africa
Authors: Makka Anoosha , Nieuwenhuizen Cecile 
Published: September 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to explore the perceptions of multinational enterprises (MNEs) representing four key economic sectors in South Africa regarding what the most important national corporate social responsibility (CSR) priority issues are for the country. This paper also investigates whether MNEs in South Africa are overwhelmed by the number of CSR issues in the country.

Design/methodology/approach
A qualitative research approach was used. Thirty eight semi-structured telephone interviews were conducted with CSR practitioners at MNEs in the banking and finance, manufacturing, mining and services sectors. Data were analysed by means of qualitative content analysis.

Findings
The majority of participants in this study indicated that the top three CSR priorities for South Africa in order of importance are education, training and skills development; building and developing local communities and health care and wellness. Another significant finding was that MNEs indicated that there are too many CSR issues in South Africa.

Research limitations/implications
The results of this study highlight the need for South Africa to develop a national CSR index which clearly articulates the top CSR priorities of the country. This study explored the views of MNEs from four economic sectors of the South African economy. This study can be expanded to incorporate other sectors.

Practical implications
The findings of this study provide guidelines to MNEs and firms about the key CSR priorities for the country.

Originality/value
As far as can be ascertained, this is the first study that seeks to identify the key national CSR priority issues for South Africa from the perspective of MNEs operating in the country. This study determines whether MNEs in South Africa are overwhelmed by the number of CSR issues that they are confronted with.
Revenue‐Sharing Contracts under Demand Uncertainty in Shopping Center
Authors: Monden Aika , Takashima Katsuyoshi , Zennyo Yusuke 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThis article investigates shopping center rent contracts that have a two‐part tariff structure: charging a fixed rent plus a percentage of sales. We consider a game‐theoretic model, wherein a shopping center developer offers different contracts for two types of retailers: large and small. The retailers face demand uncertainties. We show the developer offers a lower percentage fee for the large retailer. Alternatively, it offers a higher fixed fee for the large retailer, unless the small retailer faces largely uncertain demand. The developer's expected profit increases with the demand uncertainty, which would suggest the developer should assemble nearly homogeneous retailers.
Protective Effect of Grape Seed Procyanidins against H2O2‐Induced Oxidative Stress in PC‐12 Neuroblastoma Cells: Structure–Activity Relationships
Authors: Luo Lanxin , Bai Ruifang , Zhao Yuqing , Li Jing , Wei Zongmin , Wang Fang , Sun Baoshan 
Published: September 2018

AbstractTo establish a structure–activity relationship for procyanidins, we verified the cyto‐protective effect of 13 grape seed procyanidins, ranging from monomers to trimers against H2O2‐induced oxidative stress in PC‐12 neuroblastoma cells. Our study demonstrated some procyanidins were able to significantly protect PC‐12 cells from the H2O2‐induced cytotoxicity suggesting they possess neuroprotective effects against oxidative stress. Procyanidins’ protective effects against oxidative stress mainly depended on their polymerization degree in addition to their structural features. A positive correlation was found between procyanidins’ polymerization degree and the protective effect against oxidative stress in PC‐12 cells. The presence of 3‐ or 3’‐galloylated groups in the C‐ring of procyanidin molecules significantly increased their protective activity as well. These results demonstrated that galloylated high‐molecular‐mass procyanidins would be of more interesting as promising antioxidant natural compounds. This work for the first time demonstrated the structure–activity relationships of 13 procyanidins’ antioxidative stress activity, which could have a significant impact on future development of procyanidins for healthy food products or drugs to treat disease such as neurodegenerative disorders.Practical ApplicationThis work evaluated the protective effect of procyanidins against oxidative stress in PC‐12 neuroblastoma cells and established their activity–structure relationships, which provides useful cellular evidence for the further investigating the structure‐optimizing and function‐exploiting of procyanidins.
(1‐aryloxy‐2‐hydroxypropyl)‐phenylpiperazine derivatives suppress Candida albicans virulence by interfering with morphological transition
Authors: Zhao Shuo , Huang Jun‐Jun , Sun Xiuyun , Huang Xiaorong , Fu Shuna , Yang Liang , Liu Xue‐Wei , He Fei , Deng Yinyue 
Published: September 2018

SummaryClinical treatment of Candida albicans infections has become more difficult due to the limited development of antifungal agents and the rapid emergence of drug resistance. In this study, we demonstrate the synthesis of a series of piperazine derivatives and the evaluation of their inhibitory activity against C. albicans virulence. Thirty‐four (1‐aryloxy‐2‐hydroxypropyl)‐phenylpiperazine derivatives, including 25 new compounds, were synthesized and assessed for their efficacy against the physiology and pathogenesis of C. albicans. Several compounds strongly inhibited the morphological transition and virulence of C. albicans cells, although they did not influence the growth rate of the fungal pathogen. A leading novel compound, (1‐(4‐ethoxyphenyl)‐4‐(1‐biphenylol‐2‐hydroxypropyl)‐piperazine), significantly attenuated C. albicans virulence by interfering with the process of hyphal development, but it showed no cytotoxicity against human cells at a micromolar level. These findings suggest that (1‐aryloxy‐2‐hydroxypropyl)‐phenylpiperazine derivatives could potentially be developed as novel therapeutic agents for the clinical treatment of C. albicans infections by interfering with morphological transition and virulence.
Trichoderma gamsii affected herbivore feeding behaviour on Arabidopsis thaliana by modifying the leaf metabolome and phytohormones
Authors: Zhou Dongmei , Huang Xing‐Feng , Guo Jianhua , dos‐Santos Marcia L. , Vivanco Jorge M. 
Published: September 2018

SummaryPlants can re‐programme their transcriptome, proteome and metabolome to deal with environmental and biotic stress. It has been shown that the rhizosphere microbiome has influence on the plant metabolome and on herbivore behaviour. In the present study, Trichoderma gamsii was isolated from Arabidopsis thaliana rhizosphere soil. The inoculation of roots of Arabidopsis thaliana with T. gamsii significantly inhibited the feeding behaviour of Trichoplusia ni and affected the metabolome as well as the content of phytohormones in Arabidopsis leaves. T. gamsii‐treated plant leaves had higher levels of amino acids and lower concentrations of sugars. In addition, T. gamsii‐treated plant leaves had more abscisic acid (ABA) and lower levels of salicylic acid (SA) and indole‐3‐acetic acid (IAA) in comparison with the untreated plants. Furthermore, the inoculation with T. gamsii on different signalling mutants showed that the induction of defences were SA‐dependent. These findings indicate that T. gamsii has potential as a new type of biocontrol agent to promote plant repellence to insect attacks.
The Materiality of Accounting Errors: Evidence from SEC Comment Letters
Authors: Acito Andrew A. , Burks Jeffrey J. , Johnson W. Bruce 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACTWe gain unique insights into materiality judgments about accounting errors by examining SEC comment letter correspondence. We document that managers typically use multiple quantitative benchmarks in their materiality analyses, with earnings being the most common benchmark. In most of the cases we review, managers deem the error immaterial despite its exceeding the traditional “5 percent of earnings” rule of thumb, often in multiple periods and by a large degree. Instead of attempting to conceal these overages, managers tend to forthrightly acknowledge them, often asserting that the benchmark is abnormally low during the violation period. We find that 17–26 percent of these “low benchmark” assertions are suspect (although none of these “low benchmark” assertions are challenged by the SEC). We also document substantial variation in the extent to which qualitative factors are mentioned as considerations. The SEC generally is deferential toward managers' arguments and judgments but is more likely to challenge immateriality claims when managers admit there are qualitative factors that indicate errors are material.
The role of dietitians in residential aged care: How do cooks and chefs perceive their contribution?
Authors: Farrer Olivia , Sasanelli Letizia , Matwiejczyk Louisa , Yaxley Alison , Miller Michelle 
Published: September 2018

ObjectiveThis study aimed to explore how dietitians could work with cooks and chefs to contribute to best practice.MethodsData from interviews and focus groups comprising 38 chefs, cooks and food service managers were analysed. Inductive line‐by‐line coding of transcripts was conducted within a critical realist framework. Coding was completed independently by two authors before reaching consensus on themes.ResultsFour main themes emerged: (i) knowledge sharing; (ii) communication; (iii) collaboration; and (iv) accessibility. Participants praised dietitians’ knowledge and expertise, but some raised concerns about inconsistency in the advice they received.ConclusionDietitians working in residential aged care are ideally positioned to act as advocates for residents and food services. However, findings suggest that experiences of working with dietitians are mixed. Aged care menu guidelines and quality measures could assist, not only in promoting a consistent approach to dietetic advice, but also a system for benchmarking satisfaction and best practice.