bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HPV infection and bacterial microbiota in the placenta, uterine cervix and oral mucosa
Authors: Tuominen Heidi , Rautava Samuli , Syrjänen Stina , Collado Maria Carmen , Rautava Jaana 
Published: June 2018

AbstractWe investigated the association between HPV infection and bacterial microbiota composition in the placenta, uterine cervix and mouth in thirty-nine women. HPV DNA genotyping of 24 types was conducted using Multimetrix®. Microbiota composition was characterized by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. HPV DNA was detected in 33% of placenta, 23% cervical and 33% oral samples. HPV16 was the most frequent type in all regions. HPV infection was associated with higher microbiota richness (p = 0.032) in the mouth but did not influence microbial diversity or richness in other samples. HPV infection was associated with higher abundance of Lactobacillaceae (p = 0.0036) and Ureaplasma (LDA score > 4.0, p < 0.05) in the placenta, Haemophilus (p = 0.00058) and Peptostreptococcus (p = 0.0069) genus in the cervix and Selenomonas spp. (p = 0.0032) in the mouth compared to HPV negative samples. These data suggest altered bacterial microbiota composition in HPV positive placenta, cervix and mouth. Whether the changes in bacterial microbiota predispose or result from HPV remains to be determined in future studies.
Mechanism Underlying Green Discolouration of Myoglobin Induced by Atmospheric Pressure Plasma
Authors: Yong Hae In , Han Mookyoung , Kim Hyun-Joo , Suh Jeong-Yong , Jo Cheorun 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIn this study, we elucidated the mechanism underlying atmospheric pressure plasma (APP)-induced green discolouration of myoglobin. Green-coloured pigments are produced upon conversion of myoglobin into sulphmyoglobin, choleglobin, verdoheme, nitrihemin, or nitrimyoglobin. We exposed myoglobin dissolved in phosphate buffer to APP for 20 min and found a decrease in a* value (+redness/−greenness) and increase in b* value (+yellowness/−blueness) (P < 0.05). In the ultraviolet absorption spectrum, myoglobin treated with APP for 20 min showed absorption peaks at 503 and 630 nm, a spectrum different from that of sulphmyoglobin or choleglobin. The secondary structure and molecular weight of myoglobin were unaffected by APP treatment, excluding the possibility of verdoheme or nitrihemin formation. After APP treatment, nitrite was produced in myoglobin solution that provided a positive environment for nitrimyoglobin formation. However, the addition of 0.5% sodium dithionite, a strong reducing agent, to myoglobin solution resulted in the formation of deoxymyoglobin, which was subsequently converted to nitrosomyoglobin upon APP treatment to yield a desirable red colour. Thus, APP-induced green colouration in myoglobin solution is associated with nitrimyoglobin formation. The addition of the antioxidant resulted in the production of red colour in myoglobin solution after APP treatment owing to nitrosomyoglobin formation.
Arabidopsis mutants impaired in glutathione biosynthesis exhibit higher sensitivity towards the glucosinolate hydrolysis product allyl-isothiocyanate
Authors: Urbancsok János , Bones Atle M. , Kissen Ralph 
Published: June 2018

AbstractUpon tissue damage the plant secondary metabolites glucosinolates can generate various hydrolysis products, including isothiocyanates (ITCs). Their role in plant defence against insects and pest and their potential health benefits have been well documented, but our knowledge regarding the endogenous molecular mechanisms of their effect in plants is limited. Here we investigated the effect of allyl-isothiocyanate (AITC) on Arabidopsis thaliana mutants impaired in homeostasis of the low-molecular weight thiol glutathione. We show that glutathione is important for the AITC-induced physiological responses, since mutants deficient in glutathione biosynthesis displayed a lower biomass and higher root growth inhibition than WT seedlings. These mutants were also more susceptible than WT to another ITC, sulforaphane. Sulforaphane was however more potent in inhibiting root growth than AITC. Combining AITC with the glutathione biosynthesis inhibitor L-buthionine-sulfoximine (BSO) led to an even stronger phenotype than observed for the single treatments. Furthermore, transgenic plants expressing the redox-sensitive fluorescent biomarker roGFP2 indicated more oxidative conditions during AITC treatment. Taken together, we provide genetic evidence that glutathione plays an important role in AITC-induced growth inhibition, although further studies need to be conducted to reveal the underlying mechanisms.
Evaluation of Performance Parameters of the Disposable Flexible Ureterorenoscope (LITHOVUE) in Patients with Renal Stones: A Prospective, Observational, Single-arm, Multicenter Study
Authors: Cho Sung Yong , Lee Joo Yong , Shin Dong Gil , Seo Ill Young , Yoo Sangjun , Park Hyung Keun 
Published: June 2018

AbstractWe investigated performance parameters of disposable flexible ureterorenoscopy (LITHOVUE) in patients with renal stones in a prospective, multicenter, observational study. Sixty two patients who underwent ureterorenoscopic surgery by LITHOVUE were included. Surgeons using a numerical scale, evaluated the maneuverability of the scopes and general perceptions of visibility related to the monitor and irrigation systems. General pain and fatigue scores were evaluated and compared to existing scopes. Mean patient age was 57.3 years and stone size was 15.4 mm. Clinical success of overall stone removal was 82.3%. Complications occurred in 4 cases of the Clavien classification grade I in a single case and II in 3 cases. Comparative parameters of maneuverability, perception of the monitor system and perception of the irrigation channel were 2.5, 2.5, and 3.0, respectively. The most favorable evaluation of physical strain was about ‘shoulder fatigue’ and ‘hand fatigue’. Unfavorable evaluations were recorded for ‘wrist stiffness’ and ‘thumb fatigue’. Maximal deflection angles of 270° were preserved in 53 cases (85.5%). No pre-stenting procedure and the longer operative time were significant predictors of poorly-preserved deflection angles <270°. LITHOVUE showed good maneuverability and perception scores for the monitor and irrigation systems. LITHOVUE received favorable evaluations on pain and fatigue scores.
Management of Diverticular Bleeding: Evaluation, Stabilization, Intervention, and Recurrence of Bleeding and Indications for Resection after Control of Bleeding
Authors: Mohammed Ilyas Mohammed Iyoob , Szilagy Eric 
Published: June 2018

AbstractDiverticular bleeding is the most common cause of lower gastrointestinal bleeding with nearly 200,000 admissions in the United States annually. Less than 5% of patients with diverticulosis present with diverticular bleeding and present usually as painless, intermittent, and large volume of lower gastrointestinal bleeding. Management algorithm for patients presenting with diverticular bleeding includes resuscitation followed by diagnostic evaluation. Colonoscopy is the recommended first-line investigation and helps in identifying the stigmata of recent hemorrhage and endoscopic management of the bleeding. Radionuclide scanning is the most sensitive but least accurate test due to low spatial resolution. Angiography is helpful when patients are actively bleeding and therapeutic interventions are performed with angioembolization. Surgery for diverticular bleeding is necessary when associated with hemodynamic instability and after failed endoscopic or angiographic interventions. When the bleeding site is localized preoperatively, partial colectomy is sufficient, but subtotal colectomy is necessary when localization is not possible preoperatively.
The Effect of Aminopterin Sodium on Plasma Fibrinogen, Antifibrinolysin and Euglobulin Lysis Time
Authors: Johnson J Frederic , Zeineh Rashid A 
Published: June 2018

SummaryThe daily oral administration of Aminopterin Sodium to normal dogs was accompanied by an increase in plasma antifibrinolysin concentration, an increase in plasma fibrinogen concentration and a decrease in euglobulin fibrinolytic activity.
Erreurs anciennes et perspectives nouvelles dans l’étude de l’adhésion, de l’agrégation et de la métamorphose visqueuse des plaquettes, facteurs d’hémostase
Authors: Roskam Jacques 
Published: June 2018

Conclusion et RésuméAinsi, les récents travaux consacrés à l’adhésion, à l’agrégation et à la métamorphose visqueuse des plaquettes, facteurs d’hémostase spontanée, ont révélé le danger de certaines extrapolations trop audacieuses et corrigé des observations — classiques — que des techniques insuffisantes rendaient fallacieuses. Ce faisant, ils sollicitent la curiosité des chercheurs et proposent de nouveaux problèmes à leur sagacité.
Changes in Blood Coagulation and Fibrinolysis in Rats Fed Atherogenic Diets
Authors: Merskey Clarence , Wohl Herbert 
Published: June 2018

Summary1. Groups of rats were fed thrombogenic diets and the effects on blood coagulation and fibrinolysis assessed.2. Animals fed a diet containing cholesterol, thiouracil and cholic acid developed high levels of coagulation factors I, II, V, VII—X, VIII, IX and X.3. Animals fed a similar diet with additional 40% beef fat developed even greater elevation of V, VII—X, VIII and X, similar elevation of factor II, and lesser (but still significant) elevation of factors I and IX. In addition marked elevation of blood platelets occurred.4. Euglobulin lysis time of the group not fed the additional fat was longer than in controls. Significant prolongation of euglobulin lysis time was not found in the group fed additional fat.5. If the increased levels of plasma fibrinogen were taken into account, it was found that a larger amount of fibrin was lysed per unit time in the euglobulin lysis test with plasma from rats fed either atherogenic diet compared with controls.6. Defective thromboplastin generation was present in both groups of rats fed an atherogenic diet. The defect was present in the serum and was not due to lack of a factor required for thromboplastin generation. An inhibitor was present in the serum which was capable of preventing the action of normal serum.7. No good correlation was found between the occurrence of changes in blood coagulation or fibrinolysis and the presence or absence of thrombosis and infarction.8. The exact cause of these anomalies remains unexplained, as does the cause of the thrombosis in these animals. Starvation per se does not account for these abnormal findings. They could not adequately be explained on the basis of “hypercoagulability” of the blood.
Method for Determining ε-Aminocaproic Acid (EACA) in Blood Plasma, Based on the Antifibrinolytic Properties of this Compound
Authors: Wolosowicz Nina , Niewiarowski Stefan , Czerepko Kazimierz 
Published: June 2018

SummaryA method was elaborated for determining e-aminocaproic acid (EACA) in blood plasma, based upon this compound’s antifibrinolytic activity.Oxalated plasma was deproteinized in a boiling water-bath using trichloracetic acid. The latter was removed from plasma filtrate by means of ether extraction and the effect of the deproteinized extract on clot fibrinolysis time under standard conditions was tested. There was found a linear correlation of the logarithm of clot lysis time with EACA concentration.The method appears to be fast and reliable, making possible serial determinations of the EACA level in blood plasma, the error being within the limits of 3 percent. It is suitable for the EACA level in plasma exceeding 2 mgVo.The method is most specific. Various amino acids appearing naturally (except cysteine) do not interfere with determinations.The EACA metabolism in vivo may be successfully studied using the above method.
Prothrombin Levels in Serum
Authors: Penner John A 
Published: June 2018

SummaryProthrombin has been studied in clotting blood and plasma using the modified 2-stage prothrombin assay of Ware and Seegers. The quantity as well as the rate of prothrombin activation has been determined in whole blood and recalcified plasma obtained from 20 normal individuals. A thorough evaluation was made of the techniques used and the effect of variables such as temperature, surface contact, calcium, platelet concentration, and pH.A relatively constant rate of prothrombin activation was observed in clotting blood and recalcified frozen-thawed plasma.The results of this study confirm previous investigations of Langdell, Graham, and Brinkhous using the prothrombin utilization assay. In normal blood, the plasma procoagulants are found to be present in relative excess in comparison to platelet Factor 3. The lack of available platelet factor contained in the intact platelets effectively limits prothrombin activation. Disruption or alteration of the platelets permits the release of large quantities of platelet Factor 3 and produces a marked increase in the rate of prothrombin activation.Glass contact was observed to increase prothrombin activation in blood and plasma.The use of plasma prothrombin as a substrate for evaluation of procoagulant activity is discussed and advantages of this system of assay are emphasized.
Investigation on Adenosine Diphosphate (ADP) Induced Platelet Adhesiveness in Vitro Part III. The Inactivation of ADP in Plasma
Authors: Ödegaard A. E , Skälhegg B. A , Hellem A. J 
Published: June 2018

SummaryThe results of investigations on the ADP inactivating system in platelet poor plasma are given. The activity of the system is maximal at about 37° C. and is irreversibly destroyed by heating for 15 minutes at 58° C. The system is non dialysable and is inactivated by KCN, cysteine, 2.3-dimercaptopropanole (BAL) and penicillamine at concentrations between 2 · 10∼3 and 5 · 10−3M.The ADP inactivating ability of platelet poor plasma from normals, patients with thyrotoxicosis, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia and some patients with bleeding disorders has been estimated. The inactivation by plasma from patients with thyrotoxicosis is markedly increased as compared with the other groups. A possible relationship between the low frequency of thromboembolism and the increased ADP degradation in these patients is discussed.
Heparin
Authors: Jaques L. B. 
Published: June 2018

ZusammenfassungDie besondere chemische Natur des Heparins wurde schon durch die ursprünglich auf dem Gebiet tätigen Forscher erkannt, die es als einen sulfurierten Polysaccharid-Polyelek- trolyten, der Metachromasie mit To- luidinblau bewirkt, identifizierten.Es stellte sich nunmehr heraus, daß in einer Probe Handelsheparin 120 verschiedene chemische Entitäten vorhanden sind, die sich in der Kettenlänge, dem Schwefelgehalt, den Zuckerbestandteilen, der Fähigkeit, Komplexe mit besonderen Basen und Proteinen zu bilden, sowie bezüglich ihrer biologischen Aktivitäten unterscheiden. Die Verteilung saurer Gruppen in hoher Frequenz entlang der Kette bedeutet, daß diese Heparinsubstanzen eine hohe Spezifität gegenüber anderen Polymeren mit geringerer negativer Ladung aufweisen. Heparin und Heparinoide verbinden sich mit einer großen Zahl von anorganischen Ionen, Proteinen und Basen und beeinflussen die Aktivitäten vieler Fermente.Während eine bestimmte Aktivität von allen Heparinfraktionen und He- parinoiden aufgewiesen wird, wird gewöhnlicheine herausragende Aktivität in dieser Hinsicht nur von einigen wenigen Fraktionen ausgeübt. Die Gesamtaktivität des Heparins in der Koagulationskaskade stellt somit die Summe der individuellen Aktivitäten der verschiedenen Heparinketten dar, die auf verschiedene Enzyme einwirken.
Group Communication Treatment for Individuals with PPA and Their Partners
Authors: Beale Naomi , Fried-Oken Melanie , Mooney Aimee 
Published: June 2018

AbstractPrimary progressive aphasia (PPA) is a neurodegenerative syndrome characterized by insidious language deterioration. This young-onset disorder leaves adults with reduced communication skills for participation in social activities. There is limited evidence regarding group treatment for individuals with PPA, though the principles of chronic aphasia groups can be applied to this clinical population. We developed a PPA group treatment model incorporating compensatory strategies from augmentative and alternative communication (AAC), communication partner training from aphasia rehabilitation, and systematic instruction from dementia management. Six modules were designed and delivered to people with PPA and their communication partners in a university clinic setting over a 6-week period. Treatment was provided by graduate clinicians with supervision from a certified speech–language pathologist and faculty member. Primary treatment goals were to provide education about PPA symptoms and progression; to increase practice and use of multimodal communication by people with PPA; and to establish an environment where people with PPA and their partners could connect for training and support. We present pre/post comparisons and satisfaction data provided by five individuals with PPA and their partners in the group. Results suggest that group training is an effective service delivery model. Participants reported gains in both knowledge about PPA and in using many different modalities to communicate. The new compensatory strategies learned provide tools for maintenance and improvement of language use. Participants saw increased confidence and participation in daily activities, and highlighted the value of the PPA group for individuals with this relatively rare condition and their family members.
Protective Effects of an Obesity-Associated Polymorphism (CDKAL1 rs9356744) on Prediabetes: The Cardiometabolic Risk in Chinese (CRC) Study
Authors: Liang J. , Zhu Y , Liu X.-k. , Qiu Q.-q , Sun Y.-t. , Wang Y. , Pei Y. , Yang M.-q. , Qi L. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Background Obesity is strongly associated with insulin resistance and elevated plasma glucose levels. The rs9356744 polymorphism in the CDKAL1 gene is associated with body mass index (BMI) only in East Asians. Here, we examined the effect of the rs9356744 polymorphism on glucose-related traits and prediabetes in Chinese adults.
Methods A total of 2 357 participants were enrolled from the Cardiometabolic Risk in Chinese (CRC) Study, including 499 persons with prediabetes, 204 persons with type 2 diabetes, and 1 654 normoglycemic controls. The rs9356744 polymorphism in CDKAL1 was genotyped and analyzed in all participants.
Results Despite the positive relationship between obesity and glucose traits, the T allele of rs9356744, which is associated with a predisposition to obesity, was correlated with lower levels of 2-h oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) plasma glucose (2hPG) (β=− 0.2104 and P=0.0233), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (β=− 0.0551 and P=0.0298) and higher levels of homeostasis model of assessment β-cell function (HOMA-B) (β=5.282 and P=0.0424). After further adjustment for BMI, the levels of HOMA-B maintained a similar increased trend across rs9356744 genotype (β=3.277 and P=0.1958). In stratified analyses, the associations of rs9356744 with 2hPG and HbA1c were significant for individuals with a low BMI. Moreover, an antagonism action of BMI and rs9356744 on 2hPG (P for interaction=0.0055) was observed. In addition, we found a protective effect of rs9356744 on prediabetes.
Conclusions The CDKAL1 rs9356744 T allele associated with a predisposition to obesity showed a protective effect on HbA1c, 2hPG, and prediabetes. BMI was mediator of the association between the genetic variant and HbA1c, 2hPG, and prediabetes.
Constructing a constructicon for German
Authors: Boas Hans C. , Ziem Alexander 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
This chapter discusses a number of important issues underlying and motivating the development of a constructicon for German. More specifically, it presents an overview of some typologically interesting facets of German syntax such as word order, topological fields, case, and passives. Taking a contrastive view of some German constructions and their English counterparts, this chapter shows under what circumstances existing entries from the Berkeley constructicon for English can be reused to create corresponding entries in a German constructicon. Of particular interest in this context are the notions of idiomaticity, abstraction, and the continuum of constructional correspondence. Finally, this chapter introduces ongoing constructicographic efforts to create a constructicon for German. To document the current status of the project, both the methodology and the workflow guiding the German Constructicon project (GCon) are illustrated.
The dative experiencer of Spanish gustar
Authors: Melis Chantal , Flores Marcela 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
This paper focuses on the dative experiencer of Spanish gustar ‘to please, like’, which replaced
an older nominative experiencer. The syntactic shift calls for attention since it goes against the well-established diachronic
tendency for oblique arguments to be eliminated in favor of nominative subjects (cf. English like). We find a partial explanation in the existence of a dative marking pattern on which gustar could model its behavior and try to identify the semantic and pragmatic factors that played a role in
motivating the extension of the non-nominative experiencer to gustar. Our analysis confirms that
lexical items retain traces of their source meaning which continue to shape subsequent developments, and that specific
discourse contexts are instrumental in generating processes of change.1
Postverbal subjects of unaccusative verbs in the history of Portuguese
Authors: Eide Kristine Gunn 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
In this paper, I trace a word order change from Old Portuguese (OP) to Modern European Portuguese (MEP) that affected subjects
of unaccusative verbs and argue that these subjects lost their object-like position along two different paths: subjects that
contain old information follow the same development as subjects of transitive verbs, while new information subjects develop
independently. In OP they retained more of their object-like properties, while MEP subjects of unaccusatives pattern more
closely with subjects of transitive verbs.
Variation and the use of discourse markers in 16th-century Spanish
Authors: Pountain Christopher J. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
This study aims to account for the differing uses and frequency profiles of a variety of discourse markers (DMs) in four
roughly contemporaneous 16th-century Spanish texts which are contrasting in nature.1 Such
a methodology complements previous studies which have used large heterogeneous corpora, in that it controls the variables of
authorship and text-type as well as allowing for a closer philological appraisal of the data. It is able to show not only that
the presence, absence or frequency of a particular DM is determined by the tenor and field of the text, as well as by its
characteristic discourse type, but also that when DMs are variant exponents of the same function, they may also act as social
indicators.