bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
1,8‐Naphthalimide‐Substituted BODIPY Dyads: Synthesis, Structure, Properties, and Live‐Cell Imaging
Authors: Poddar Madhurima , Sharma Vinay , Mobin Shaikh M. , Misra Rajneesh 
Published: July 2018

AbstractA set of 1,8‐naphthalimide (NPI)‐substituted 4,4‐difluoroboradiaza‐s‐indacene (BODIPY) dyads 1 a–1 c were designed and synthesized by the Pd‐catalyzed Sonogashira cross‐coupling reaction of ethynyl substituted NPI 1 with the meso‐, β‐, and α‐halogenated BODIPYs a, b, and c, respectively. The BODIPY 1 c exhibits redshifted absorption, which suggests better electronic communication with substitution at the α‐position of BODIPY compared with at the meso and β positions, which was further supported by time‐dependent DFT calculations. The optical band gap follows the order 1 a>1 b>1 c. The single‐crystal X‐ray structures of dyads 1 a–1 c are reported, which reflect planar orientations of the BODIPY units with respect to the NPIs. The DFT‐optimized structures show good correlation with the experimental data obtained from the single‐crystal X‐ray structures. The packing diagram of 1 a shows a sheet‐like arrangement, 1 b forms a ladder‐like structural motif, and 1 c forms a complex 3D structural arrangement. The dyads 1 a–1 c show low cytotoxicity (IC50>100 μm). The confocal microscopy studies with HeLa and A375 cells (when treated with dyads 1 a–1 c) show that all the dyads easily enter the cell membrane and show significant multicolor intracellular fluorescence covering the entire visible range with clear emissions in blue, green, and red channels.
Improving the production of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein‐4 in Chinese hamster ovary cell cultures by inhibition of undesirable endocytosis
Authors: Kim Che Lin , Jung Mi Yeong , Kim Young Sik , Jang Ju Woong , Lee Gyun Min 
Published: July 2018

AbstractEndocytic regulation serves a critical role in modulating the extracellular level of signaling molecules, such as bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs). Unfortunately, endocytosis may result in poor yields of recombinant human BMP‐4 (rhBMP‐4) from Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell cultures. When rhBMP‐4 was incubated with CHO cells, rhBMP‐4 was actively internalized into cells. Cell surface bound heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) served as the major receptors for rhBMP‐4 internalization. Removal of cell surface heparan sulfate (HS) by heparinases or reduction of HSPG synthesis by knockdown of xylosyltransferase2 (xylt2) in CHO cells decreased internalization of rhBMP‐4. In addition, treatment with endocytosis inhibitors (chlorpromazine, genistein, and dynasore) identified a clathrin‐ and dynamin‐dependent endocytic pathway as the major route for rhBMP‐4 internalization. To enhance product yield by minimizing rhBMP‐4 internalization in recombinant CHO (rCHO) cell cultures, we have tested various strategies to reduce HSPG synthesis (knockdown of xylt2 and sodium chlorate treatment) or inhibit the binding of rhBMP‐4 to cell‐surface‐bound HSPGs (supplementation with heparin or dextran sulfate [DS]). Among these approaches, DS, which is a linear anionic sulfated polysaccharide with similarity to HS chains, was the most effective in enhancing rhBMP‐4 production in rCHO cell cultures. Compared with the control cultures, DS addition to the culture medium (1.0 g/L) resulted in 1.4‐fold and 2.3‐fold increases in maximum rhBMP‐4 concentration in batch and fed‐batch cultures, respectively. Taken together, the addition of DS, an effective competitor of HSPGs, improved rhBMP‐4 production in rCHO cell cultures through blockage of rhBMP‐4 internalization.
Recurrent aphthous stomatitis may be a precursor or risk factor for specific cancers: A case‐control frequency‐matched study
Authors: Qin Lei , Kao Yi‐Wei , Lin Yueh‐Lung , Peng Bou‐Yue , Deng Win‐Ping , Chen Tsung‐Ming , Lin Kuan‐Chou , Yuan Kevin Sheng‐Po , Wu Alexander T. H. , Shia Ben‐Chang , Wu Szu‐Yuan 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBackgroundRecurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is considered a prophase symptom in patients with specific cancers. This study assessed the association between RAS and subsequent onset of cancer based on a nationwide population‐based database in Taiwan.Materials and MethodsWe selected study participants from the National Health Insurance Research Database from January 2000 to December 2008. Patients in the non‐RAS cohort were matched to case study patients at a 1:1 ratio through frequency matching. All participants were followed up for at least 5 years, and those who received cancer diagnoses during follow‐up were identified.ResultsAmong 52 307 patients with and 52 304 patients without RAS, the combined hazard ratio (HR) of all subsequent cancer cases was 1.3 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.25‐1.35, P = 0). RAS diagnosis was associated with risk for cancers of the head and neck (aHR = 2, 95% CI: 1.8‐2.3), colon (aHR = 1.2, 95% CI: 1.1‐1.4), liver (aHR = 1.1, 95% CI: 1‐1.3), pancreas (aHR = 1.4, 95% CI: 1.1‐1.7), skin (aHR = 1.4, 95% CI: 1.2‐1.7), breast (aHR = 1.2, 95% CI: 1.1‐1.4), and prostate (aHR = 1.5, 95% CI: 1.3‐1.8), as well as hematologic cancers (aHR = 1.6, 95% CI: 1.3‐1.9). A higher risk was observed for male patients (aHR = 1.35, 95% CI: 1.28‐1.42) than for female patients (aHR = 1.25, 95% CI: 1.18‐1.31) with RAS.ConclusionsRAS was associated with specific cancers. Susceptible RAS patients should be screened for specific cancers.
Facet, Junction and Electric Field Engineering of Bismuth‐Based Materials for Photocatalysis
Authors: Li Min , Huang Hongwei , Yu Shixin , Tian Na , Zhang Yihe 
Published: July 2018

AbstractSemiconductor photocatalysis has gained tremendous attention with great prospects to settle the worldwide environmental pollution and energy shortage issues. Many efforts have been made for semiconductor photocatalysts to overcome the disadvantages of the weak photoabsorption and high recombination of charges in the past few decades. Developing active facets and junctions has been diffusely used and shows huge potentials. The surface of active facet where the reductive and oxidative reactions occur has a great influence on the efficiency of reaction molecules that takes over the photogenerated charges. Construction of junctions is regarded as one of the most effective methods to improve the separation efficiency of photogenerated charges. This review mainly focuses on summarizing the synthesis of active facet, facet dependent activities in various photocatalytic reactions, the construction of different kinds of heterojunctions and homojunctions, and the combination of active facet and junctions of bismuth‐based photocatalysts recently. In addition, other new and effective routes, like internal electric field (IEF) regulation and polarization electric field control are also shortly summarized. The review will deepen our understanding on bismuth‐based photocatalysts and provide novel guidelines and perspectives for designing high‐performance photocatalysts.
Porous‐Alumina‐Assisted Growth of Nanostructured Anodic Films on Ti−Nb Alloys
Authors: Bendova Maria , Kolar Jakub , Gispert‐Guirado Francesc , Mozalev Alexander 
Published: July 2018

AbstractPorous‐anodic‐alumina (PAA)‐assisted anodizing is employed, for the first time, for growing arrays of oxide nanocolumns on Ti−Nb alloy films with up to 58 at% Nb. Beyond about 24 at% Nb in the alloy, the system allows for high formation potentials of 250–420 V, giving columns that are 500–700 nm long, which are 100 % stable during the PAA etch. The stability worsens when lowering the Nb content in the alloy, owing to contamination of the column roots by alumina, which arises from the amorphous‐to‐crystalline transition of the anodic oxide, oxygen evolution, formation of O2‐filled nanobubbles within the roots, and development of bigger voids. The voids force the roots to regrow and spread laterally along with anodizing the surrounding Al residues, which increases alumina content in the titania‐based nanoroots. The incorporation of sufficient amounts of Nb2O5 in the anodic TiO2 hinders oxide crystallization and lowers alumina content in the roots, which stabilizes the columns. The two oxides are distributed uniformly along the columns, indicating comparable migration rates of Ti4+ and Nb5+ ions in the mixed anodic oxide. This uniform distribution, combined with possibly mixing the oxides at atomic level, is expected to narrow the band gap of the material, which is of vast importance for solar energy conversion applications.
Deltahedral Organo‐Zintl Superhalogens
Authors: Reddy G. Naaresh , Parida Rakesh , Chakraborty Arindam , Giri Santanab 
Published: July 2018

AbstractZintl ions constitute a special type of naked anionic clusters, mainly consisting of Group 13, 14, and 15 elements of the Periodic Table. Due to the presence of multiple negative ions, the chemistry of Zintl ions is unique. They not only form Zintl phases with alkali and alkaline‐earth metal cations, but also form organo‐Zintl clusters with distinct properties. By first‐principles calculations based on density functional theory, we have designed a new deltahedral organo‐Zintl cluster with Ge94− as the core and aromatic heterocyclic compounds as ligands. Calculations on such complexes show that they form a special class of system known as a superhalogen (SH), with a high vertical detachment energy of 4.9 eV. The density of states (DOS), partial DOS, and different molecular orbitals give additional information about the bonding features of the complexes.
Magnetically Separable Fe3O4@CdS Type‐II Nanohybrids with Excellent Photocatalytic Activity and Antibacterial Properties
Authors: Samadi‐Maybodi Abdolraouf , Shariati Mohammad Reza , Hosseinzadeh Colagar Abasalt 
Published: July 2018

AbstractA magnetically separable Fe3O4@CdS type‐II core–shell nanohybrid (NH) photocatalyst, with excellent antibacterial properties and photocatalytic activity, was synthesized and characterized by means of structural, elemental, and morphological analyses. Steady‐state and time‐resolved emission and absorption spectroscopy were also exploited to realize the location of charge‐carrier wave functions in the NHs. The antibacterial activity of NHs was then evaluated against Escherichia coli (1.4×108 CFU mL−1; CFU=colony forming units) and Staphylococcus saprophyticus (1.2×108 CFU mL−1) as model strains of Gram‐negative and ‐positive microbes. Compared with CdS and Fe3O4, the as‐synthesized Fe3O4@CdS composite exhibited highly improved bactericidal activity and recyclability. Concentration values of 5.0 and 4.0 mg mL−1 were required for Fe3O4@CdS NHs to inhibit the growth of E. coli and S. saprophyticus, respectively. The contribution of OH. radicals to photocatalysis at the Fe3O4@CdS surface was also considered. Moreover, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and protein carbonyl assay protocols have been exploited to monitor levels of oxidative damage to lipids and proteins in cells. Additionally, the photocatalytic activity of Fe3O4@CdS NHs was monitored for the degradation of xylenol orange dye. Compared with CdS and Fe3O4, as‐synthesized Fe3O4@CdS displayed superior performances in the photodegradation of xylenol orange. Possible mechanisms involved in the degradation of xylenol orange are also discussed.
Gender stereotypes underlie child custody decisions
Authors: Costa Luiza Lopes Franco , Esteves Ana Beatriz Dillon , Kreimer Roxana , Struchiner Noel , Hannikainen Ivar 
Published: July 2018

AbstractUsing hypothetical divorce cases we examine the role of gender stereotypes in decisions about child custody. Good mothers received greater custody allocations than did good fathers across a tightly matched pair of vignettes in three culturally distinct samples: Argentina, Brazil, and the United States (Study 1). Two follow‐up studies indicated that the warmth dimension of stereotype content partly accounted for the asymmetry in custody awards: The proportion of maternal‐primary custody was predicted by the tendency to ascribe warmth‐related traits—such as friendliness, generosity, or trustworthiness—to mothers (Study 2) and associate them with female over male nouns (Study 3). We also found that endorsing shared custody mitigated the asymmetry in custody awards documented in our studies. Together, these results highlight the interplay of stereotyped attitudes and egalitarian commitments in the context of judicial decisions about child custody.
Polyunsaturated fatty acids, inflammation, and metabolic syndrome in South Asian Americans in Maryland
Authors: Khan Saira A. , Jackson Robert T. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractMetabolic syndrome (MetS) is characterized by the accumulation of cardiovascular risk factors among men and women worldwide. The use of very long‐chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (VLC PUFA) could potentially benefit individuals with MetS. The goal was to better understand the relationship between MetS and VLC PUFA in South Asian (SA) Americans who experience an elevated risk for heart disease. We analyzed a cross section of South Asian (SA) using the automated self‐administered 24‐hr recall (ASA24) and clinic data in a low‐income SA in Maryland. We found no correlation between MetS indicators (high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, triglycerides, fasting blood glucose, diastolic blood pressure, and waist circumference (WC)) and dietary n‐3 PUFA (eicosapentaenoic, docosapentaenoic acids). However, dietary n‐6 VLC PUFA (arachidonic acid [AA]) was associated with cholesterol and fasting blood glucose levels. SA with MetS did not have a significantly low level of dietary VLC PUFA intake, and there were no SA group differences in the intake of VLC PUFA but there were significant gender differences. Dietary practices in SA may contribute to increased proinflammatory markers and play a role in elevated MetS components.
Salmonella spp. and Campylobacter spp. in poultry feces and carcasses in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
Authors: Kagambèga Assèta , Thibodeau Alexandre , Trinetta Valentina , Soro Daniel K. , Sama Florent N. , Bako Évariste , Bouda Caroline S. , Wereme N’Diaye Aïssata , Fravalo Philippe , Barro Nicolas 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe importance of Salmonella and Campylobacter as foodborne pathogens is well recognized worldwide. Poultry and poultry products are commonly considered as the major vehicles of Salmonella and Campylobacter infection in humans. The aim of this study was to investigate the hygienic status of poultry facilities and determine the prevalence of Salmonella and Campylobacter in slaughtered poultry feces and carcasses in four different markets in Ouagadougou, capital city of Burkina Faso. A total of 103 poultry feces and 20 carcasses were analyzed using microbiological standard methods. Among the 103 fecal samples, 70 were positive for Campylobacter ssp (67.96%) and 54 for Salmonella ssp (52.42%). The hippurate hydrolysis test revealed that among the 70 Campylobacter strains isolated from feces, 49 were C. jejuni (70%) and 21 were C. coli (30%). From the 20 carcasses analyzed, 18 were contaminated with Salmonella (90%) and 10 with Campylobacter ssp (50%). Among the 10 Campylobacter ssp samples isolated from poultry carcasses, all were identified as C. jejuni using the API CAMPY system and the hippurate hydrolysis test. The assessment of markets hygienic practices for production, transportation, display, and vending of meat revealed unhygienic conditions. To complete the observation of unhygienic practices, we have sampled chicken‐washing solution from the study sites and microbiological analysis of these samples revealed the presence of Salmonella spp in 100% of the samples. This study highlighted that poultry products on sale in Ouagadougou are highly contaminated with Salmonella and Campylobacter. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report describing Campylobacter presence in the poultry industry of Burkina Faso. Our findings might help to better understand the epidemiology of Salmonella and Campylobacter.
Chronic ghrelin administration restores hippocampal long‐term potentiation and ameliorates memory impairment in rat model of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Eslami Maryam , Sadeghi Bahman , Goshadrou Fatemeh 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAlzheimer's disease (AD), as a common age‐related dementia, is a progressive manifestation of cognitive decline following synaptic failure resulted majorly by senile plaques composed of deposits of amyloid beta (Aβ). Ghrelin is a multifunctional peptide hormone with receptors present in various brain tissues including hippocampus and has been associated with neuroprotection, neuromodulation, and memory processing. Here, we investigated the neuroprotective and therapeutic effects of intracerebroventricular (icv) ghrelin infusion for 2 weeks on passive avoidance learning (PAL), memory retention, and synaptic plasticity in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) and CA1 of both normal rats and Aβ1–42‐induced neurotoxicity in AD model. Male Wistar rats were evaluated for their passive memory performance using a shuttle box while some groups had already received Aβ1–42 and/or chronic ghrelin. Using field potential recording, the induction of short‐ and long‐term potentiation (STP and LTP) was studied in DG granule cells along with the LTP changes in CA1 pyramidal neurons through stimulation of the medial perforant path (mPP) and Schaffer collaterals (SCs), respectively. Our results demonstrated that chronic ghrelin treatment not only improved memory processing and retrieval in normal rats during the PAL task, but also promoted memory retention and alleviated memory loss by amelioration of Aβ1–42‐induced synaptic plasticity impairment in AD subjects through augmentation of field excitatory postsynaptic potential (fEPSP) slope that led to LTP restitution in both the mPP–DG and the CA3–CA1 synapses. Meanwhile, STP was not significantly changed, meaning that although ghrelin enhanced postsynaptic excitability in DG, it did not change presynaptic transmitter release significantly. This suggests the involvement of postsynaptic mechanisms in long‐term ghrelin‐enhanced memory. In conclusion, it can be inferred that chronic ghrelin administration has an auspicious therapeutic value for impaired cognitive performance and memory deficits in AD‐like neuropathology.
Measures of Physical Performance and Muscle Strength as Predictors of Fracture Risk Independent of FRAX, Falls, and aBMD: A Meta-Analysis of the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) Study
Authors: Harvey Nicholas C , Odén Anders , Orwoll Eric , Lapidus Jodi , Kwok Timothy , Karlsson Magnus K , Rosengren Björn E , Ribom Eva , Cooper Cyrus , Cawthon Peggy M , Kanis John A , Ohlsson Claes , Mellström Dan , Johansson Helena , McCloskey Eugene 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACT

Measures of muscle mass, strength, and function predict risk of incident fractures, but it is not known whether this risk information is additive to that from FRAX (fracture risk assessment tool) probability. In the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) Study cohorts (Sweden, Hong Kong, United States), we investigated whether measures of physical performance/appendicular lean mass (ALM) by DXA predicted incident fractures in older men, independently of FRAX probability. Baseline information included falls history, clinical risk factors for falls and fractures, femoral neck aBMD, and calculated FRAX probabilities. An extension of Poisson regression was used to investigate the relationship between time for five chair stands, walking speed over a 6 m distance, grip strength, ALM adjusted for body size (ALM/height2), FRAX probability (major osteoporotic fracture [MOF]) with or without femoral neck aBMD, available in a subset of n = 7531), and incident MOF (hip, clinical vertebral, wrist, or proximal humerus). Associations were adjusted for age and time since baseline, and are reported as hazard ratios (HRs) for first incident fracture per SD increment in predictor using meta-analysis. 5660 men in the United States (mean age 73.5 years), 2764 men in Sweden (75.4 years), and 1987 men in Hong Kong (72.4 years) were studied. Mean follow-up time was 8.7 to 10.9 years. Greater time for five chair stands was associated with greater risk of MOF (HR 1.26; 95% CI, 1.19 to 1.34), whereas greater walking speed (HR 0.85; 95% CI, 0.79 to 0.90), grip strength (HR 0.77; 95% CI, 0.72 to 0.82), and ALM/height2 (HR 0.85; 95% CI, 0.80 to 0.90) were associated with lower risk of incident MOF. Associations remained largely similar after adjustment for FRAX, but associations between ALM/height2 and MOF were weakened (HR 0.92; 95% CI, 0.85 to 0.99). Inclusion of femoral neck aBMD markedly attenuated the association between ALM/height2 and MOF (HR 1.02; 95% CI, 0.96 to 1.10). Measures of physical performance predicted incident fractures independently of FRAX probability. Whilst the predictive value of ALM/height2 was substantially reduced by inclusion of aBMD requires further study, these findings support the consideration of physical performance in fracture risk assessment. © 2018 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research Published by Wiley Periodicals Inc.
Epiregulin promotes the migration and chemotaxis ability of adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cells via mitogen‐activated protein kinase signaling pathways
Authors: Cao Yangyang , Wang Liping , Yang Haoqing , Lin Xiao , Li Guoqing , Han Nannan , Du Juan , Fan Zhipeng 
Published: July 2018

AbstractTo investigate the function of epiregulin (EREG) in the migration and chemotaxis ability of mesenchymal stem cells. Adipose‐derived stem cells (ADSCs) were used in this investigation. Lentiviral EREG short hairpin RNA was applied to silence EREG expression in ADSCs. Human recombinant EREG protein (rhEREG) was used to perform a gain‐of‐function study. Scratch‐simulated wound migration and transwell chemotaxis assays were used to examine the migration and chemotaxis capacity of ADSCs in vitro. Using a Western blot assay, the expressions of p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK), c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK), extracellular signal‐regulated protein kinases 1 and 2 (Erk1/2), and protein kinase B were detected. Depletion of EREG caused by specific short hairpin RNA restrained the migration and chemotaxis ability of ADSCs and inhibited the expressions of phosphorylated p38 MAPK, JNK, and Erk1/2. rhEREG improved ADSCs migration and chemotaxis capacity, which was repressed by knockdown of EREG and rescued the expressions of phosphorylated p38 MAPK, JNK, and Erk1/2 impaired by silencing EREG. Furthermore, rhEREG‐improved migration and chemotaxis ability in EREG‐depleted‐ADSCs was restricted by a specific inhibitor, SB203580, for blocking p38 MAPK signaling, PD98059 for blocking Erk1/2 signaling, or SP600125 for blocking JNK signaling in ADSCs separately. EREG promotes migration and chemotaxis ability of ADSCs through MAPK signaling pathways.