bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Morphological Predictors of Posterior Communicating Artery Aneurysms Rupture
Authors: Lv Nan , Fang Yibin , Yu Ying , Xu Jinyu , Liu Jianmin , Huang Qinghai 
Published: December 2018

Objective The conflicting findings of previous morphological studies on intracranial aneurysm rupture may be caused by the different locations of aneurysms. We aimed to determine the independent risk factors of aneurysm rupture by focusing on only posterior communicating artery (PcomA) aneurysms. Methods In 89 PcomA aneurysms (58 ruptured, 31 unruptured), clinical and morphological characteristics were compared between the ruptured and unruptured groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the independent predictors for the rupture status of PcomA aneurysms. Results In univariate analyses, the aneurysm dome size, aspect ratio, size ratio, dome-to-neck ratio, and inflow angle were significant parameters. With multivariate analyses, only the aneurysm dome size and inflow angle were significantly associated with the rupture status of PcomA aneurysms. Conclusions Morphology was related with rupture of PcomA aneurysms. The aneurysm dome size and inflow angle were found to be the independent parameters characterizing the rupture status of PcomA aneurysms.
Regulations in the United States for Cell Transplantation Clinical Trials in Neurological Diseases
Authors: Zhu He , Tan Yuanqing , Gu Qi , Han Weifang , Li Zhongwen , Meyer Jason S. , Hu Baoyang 
Published: December 2018

Objective This study aimed to use a systematic approach to evaluate the current utilization, safety, and effectiveness of cell therapies for neurological diseases in human. And review the present regulations, considering United States (US) as a representative country, for cell transplantation in neurological disease and discuss the challenges facing the field of neurology in the coming decades. Methods A detailed search was performed in systematic literature reviews of cellular-based therapies in neurological diseases, using PubMed, web of science, and clinical trials. Regulations of cell therapy products used for clinical trials were searched from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Results Seven most common types of cell therapies for neurological diseases have been reported to be relatively safe with varying degrees of neurological recovery. And a series of regulations in US for cellular therapy was summarized including preclinical evaluations, sourcing material, stem cell manufacturing and characterization, cell therapy product, and clinical trials. Conclusions Stem cell-based therapy holds great promise for a cure of such diseases and will value a growing population of patients. However, regulatory permitting activity of the US in the sphere of stem cells, technologies of regenerative medicine and substitutive cell therapy are selective, theoretical and does not fit the existing norm and rules. Compiled well-defined regulations to guide the application of stem cell products for clinical trials should be formulated.
Behavioral Features of Mice Fed with a Cholesterol-Enriched Diet: Deficient Novelty Exploration and Unaltered Aggressive Behavior
Authors: Veniaminova Ekaterina , Cespuglio Raymond , Markova Nataliia , Mortimer Niall , Cheung Chi Wai , Steinbusch Harry W. , Lesch Klaus-Peter , Strekalova Tatyana 
Published: December 2018

Objectives Previous studies involving mice have demonstrated that a cholesterol-enriched diet evokes liver steatosis, dystrophy, inflammation, and aspects of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). These changes are accompanied by the activation of pro-inflammatory brain and liver molecular pathways, as well as anxiety and depressive-like behaviors. Given previously reported evidence for the neurobiological relationship between the above-mentioned molecular changes and abnormalities in coping with environmental stimuli, such as interactions with other individuals and new environmental contexts, we hypothesized that novelty exploration and aggressive behavior are affected in a mouse NAFLD model. Methods To test this hypothesis, young female C57BL/6J mice were fed with a regular chow or a diet containing 0.2% cholesterol for 3 weeks. The mice were then assessed for new object and novel cage exploration, and social interaction in a food competition test. Results We found reduced object exploration in mice on the cholesterol-enriched diet. This reduction was not related to whether the new object was placed in an anxiogenic or non-anxiogenic environment. These changes were accompanied by diminished exploration of the new environment in a novel cage, and delayed approach to food after a period of food deprivation. Mice on the regular chow or cholesterol-enriched diet showed no differences in aggressive behavior towards a counter-partner in a food competition test. Food intake and body weight did not differ between the groups, thus, excluding their potential as confounders in the measured behaviors. Conclusions We conclude that a diet enriched with cholesterol reduces novelty exploration irrespective of the anxiogenic level of the environment and does not induce aggressive behavior in female mice.
Preliminary Analysis of Cellular Sociology of Co-Cultured Glioma Initiating Cells and Macrophages in Vitro
Authors: Zhang Mingxia , Chen Junjie , Wang Lin , Ji Xiaoyan , Yang Lin , Sheng Yujing , Liu Hairui , Wang Haiyang , Wang Aidong , Dai Xingliang , Li Xiaonan , Huang Qiang , Dong Jun 
Published: December 2018

Objective Real-time monitoring of cytokine secretion at the single immunocyte level, based on the concept of immune cells, sociology has been recently reported. However, the relationships between glioma-initiating cells (GICs) and host immune cells and their mutual interactions in the tumor microenvironment have not been directly observed and remain unclear. Methods The dual fluorescence tracing technique was applied to label the co-cultured GICs and host macrophages (Mø), and the interactions between the two types of cells were observed using a live cell imaging system. Fusion cells in the co-culture system were monocloned and proliferated in vitro and their social interactions were observed and recorded. Results Using real-time dynamic observation of target cells, 6 types of intercellular conjunction microtubes were found to function in the transfer of intercellular information between GICs and Mo; GICs and host Mø can fuse into hybrid cells after several rounds of mutual interactions, and then these fusion cells fused with each other; Fusion cells generated offspring cells through symmetrical and asymmetrical division or underwent apoptosis. A “cell in cell” phenomenon was observed in the fusion cells, which was often followed by cell release, namely entosis. Conclusions Preliminary studies revealed the patterns of cell conjunction via microtubes between GICs and host Mø and the processes of cell fusion, division, and entosis. The results revealed malignant transformation of host Mø, induced by GICs, suggesting complex social relationships among tumor-immune cells in gliomas.
Effects of Voluntary Imipramine Intake via Food and Water in Paradigms of Anxiety and Depression in naïve Mice
Authors: Costa-Nunes João Pedro , Bakhmet Anastassia , Araújo-Correia Margarida , Valença Andreia Barbosa , Strekalova Tatyana , Steinbusch Harry W. M. 
Published: December 2018

Objective We sought to investigate the efficacy of oral dosing in mice with imipramine (7mg/kg/day) via water or in food pellets, and to compare its effects in the paradigms of learned helplessness, locomotion, hedonic state, and anxiety. Methods Water and food consumption were measured to determine daily imipramine dosage in C57BL/6N mice. Next, baseline scores for O-maze, dark/light box, and sucrose tests were measured. Mice were then subjected to a 4-week treatment of voluntary ingestion of drinking water or food pellets containing imipramine. Lastly, all groups were subjected to novel cage, open field, O-maze, dark/light box, sucrose test, and forced swim test to assess the effects of the treatment. Results In naïve mice, imipramine delivered via food, induced a reduction of total floating and increased latency in the forced swim test, i.e., antidepressant-like effects. No other significant effects were found. Dosing with water did not change behavior in the forced swim, sucrose preference test, anxiety, or locomotor paradigms, but increased exploration in the novel cage. Conclusions Voluntary ingestion is an effective method of chronic dosing with imipramine in naïve mice. Delivery of imipramine with food pellets elicits antidepressant-like effects in the forced swim test, with no effects on anxiety, locomotion, or preference behaviors. In contrast, no such effects were observed with treatment via drinking water, suggesting that a higher dose may be required. Our work argues for a broader use of oral delivery using food-treated pellets, in small rodent models of preclinical depression. It may substantially improve animal welfare and overcome potential confounds in translational research, which are frequently associated with adverse chronic invasive pharmacotherapies.
Clinical Features and Prognostic Factors of Primary Intracranial Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma: A Report of 8 Cases and a Literature Review
Authors: Li Peng , Zhou Qiangyi , Yang Zhijun , Wang Zhenmin , Li Shiwei , Wang Xingchao , Wang Bo , Zhao Fu , Liu Pinan 
Published: December 2018

Objective Primary intracranial malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) is rare. We describe the detailed clinical features of 8 cases and fully review the literature to evaluate several prognostic factors. Methods Eight patients with pathologically confirmed primary intracranial MFH were retrospectively reviewed. We searched PubMed for relevant articles with the term “intracranial malignant fibrous histiocytoma”. Results Of the 8 patients, 4 were men and 4 were women. Three patients had received previous radiotherapy. The age of the patients ranged from 19 to 69 years, with a median age of 48 years. Most tumors could be totally resected; and only 1 tumor was subtotally resected. Six patients received postoperative radiotherapy and 3 patients received postoperative chemotherapy. Most patients died within the first year after surgery; and only 1 patient was still alive on the date of the last follow-up. We reviewed the literature and included a total of 46 patients in the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Young patients (less than 30 years old) seemed to have a better prognosis and survival rate than older patients (more than 30 years old) (log-rank test, P = 0.008). However, sex (P = 0.675), extent of resection (P = 0.934), postoperative radiotherapy (P = 0.592), and postoperative chemotherapy (P = 0.424) did not affect patient prognosis. Conclusions The prognosis of MFH is usually poor, and most patients die within the first year after surgery. Younger MFH patients (less than 30 years old) seem to have a better prognosis and improved survival compared to older patients.
Generation of Genetically Modified Olfactory Ensheathing Cells that Secrete VEGF: Potential Application in Cell-Based Treatment of Leukoaraiosis
Authors: Qu Chuanqiang , Zhao Yuanyuan , Sun Qinjian , Du Yifeng 
Published: December 2018

Objective We aimed to provide an alternative cell source for cell therapy in leukoaraiosis (LA). Methods Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) from the olfactory bulb were isolated, cultured, and purified. Next, the lentivirus carrying human VEGF165 gene was constructed and transfected into OECs. Results The proliferative capacity of primary OECs was strong. OECs were infected with different multiplicity of infection. The expression level of VEGF was confirmed by real-time PCR with specific primers for GAPDH and VEGF, indicating that the genetically engineered OECs-VEGF produced VEGF with functional activity. Conclusions Our data showed that these engineered OECs-VEGF highly express functional VEGF and retain the characteristics of astrocytes and Schwann cells, providing an alternative cell source for cell therapy in LA.
Is the Role of the Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Gene in Alzheimer's Disease Independent of Hypertension?
Authors: Yang Yuanhan , Wu Shyhjong , Huang Chinchun , Fuh Jongling , Liu Chingkuan 
Published: December 2018

Objective Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphisms are considered biomarkers of late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the results of studies of these polymorphisms have been inconsistent. The ACE protein directly degrades beta-amyloid and thereby slows the progression of AD and its onset. However, it also activates the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system, which can contribute to hypertension and/or cardiovascular events that increase the risk for developing AD. Methods In this study, we examined the bidirectional association of the ACE gene and AD in patients with AD with and without hypertension. Results Patients who were clinically diagnosed with AD (n = 983) underwent ACE I/D genotyping. The distribution of the ACE I/D genotypes (P = 0.355 for I/I vs. D/D; P = 0.888 for I/D vs. D/D) and I alleles (P = 0.895) did not significantly differ between hypertensive patients with AD and patients with AD without hypertension. Conclusions In contrast to traditional theories, the results of this study suggested that the contribution of the ACE gene to the development of AD was not associated with hypertension and similar cardiovascular effects.
Surgical Treatment of Congenital Basilar Invagination with Different Pathological Characteristics: Report of 139 Cases
Authors: Wang Yinqian , Fan Tao , Zhao Xingang , Liang Cong , Gai Qifei , Zhao Haijun 
Published: December 2018

Objective To describe the different pathological characteristics of congenital basilar invaginations and discuss the surgical treatment of such cases. Methods A total of 139 patients diagnosed with basilar invaginations underwent surgical treatment from 2008 to 2015. Based on Atul Goel's classification and simultaneous consideration of atlantoaxial dislocation or syringomyelia, the cases were subdivided into four groups. Individualized posterior surgical decompression and/or atlantoaxial reset procedures were performed to correct atlantoaxial dislocation, decompress the brain stem, or resolve syringomyelia. The indications and critical points of each procedure were documented. Results All 139 patients were surgically treated; 27 patients (19.4%) had underwent at least one decompression surgery previously. On an average, there was gratifying clinical improvement based on the Japanese Orthopaedic Association score analysis. One patient exhibited severe postoperative infection, and the fusion instrument was removed. One patient experienced fracture of internal fixation. Two patients exhibited persistent respiratory symptoms at early stages after the surgery. Four patients felt worse at the latest follow-up. There was no surgical mortality. The poor outcome/ morbidity in this series was 5.8% (8/139). Conclusion The different pathological image characteristics of congenital basilar invaginations based on the presence or absence of syringomyelia and/or atlantoaxial dislocation, reflected the pathological features of complicated basilar invaginations more accurately. Based on these features, different posterior decompression and/or reset procedures, combined with occipitocervical fusion and C1-2 fusion, could be tailored to different patients. These individualized surgeries could reduce surgical complications, decrease morbidity and mortality, and further promote positive outcomes.
Effects of Degenerative Autologous Nucleus Pulposus on the Lumbar Sympathetic Trunk: Sympathetic Inflammation in Rats
Authors: Tang Yuanzhang , Bian Jingjing , Guo Yuna , Sun Chenli , Yawei  , Li Xiuhua , Ni Jiaxiang 
Published: December 2018

Objective We have reported the presence of discogenic visceral pain secondary to anterior herniation of the lumbar disc. The aim of this study was to observe the inflammatory response of the sympathetic trunk to an autologous degenerative nucleus pulposus (NP) injection under fluoroscopy. Methods A total of 72 rats were used. In 24 rats, the autologous NP suspension was injected into the right sympathetic trunk. Next, food intake and body weight of each rat were monitored for 14 days. Fourteen days after the injection, the right lumbar sympathetic trunk was harvested for histological assessment, and protein levels of IL-1 β, IL-6, and TNF-α were quantified via ELISA. Results In the NP-treated group, endoneural hyperemia and intensive infiltration of inflammatory cells could be identified in sections of the sympathetic trunk by the hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain. Meanwhile, elevated concentrations of IL-1 β, IL-6, and TNF-α were determined in the sympathetic trunk of the NP group as compared to that of the naïve and control groups, which indicated the development of an inflammatory response. Furthermore, food intake and body weight of rats in the NP group decreased significantly. Conclusions The results indicated that an inflammatory response in the sympathetic trunk can be caused by anterior herniation of the lumbar disc, which can generate a sympathetic inflammatory pain response.
Modelación econométrica de la demanda de semilla de chile dulce Lamuyo y Blocky en Costa Rica mediante series de tiempo univariadas
Authors: Paniagua Molina Javier 
Published: December 2018

Se realizó una investigación para contar con una forma de estimación de la demanda de semilla de hibridos comercializas de hortalizas, en este caso, de los híbridos de chile dulce del tipo Lamuyo y Blocky. El interés es contribuir con la reducción de la incertidumbre en la planificación estratégicas de empresas interesadas de incursionar este la producción de semilla de híbridos como resultado de mejoramiento genético logrado por iniciativas locales.
La serie de tiempo anual del área cosechada de chile dulce fue empleada como base para crear un modelo de pronostico y a partir del análisis de las estadísticas de importación, se estimó la probabilidad de que sea chile dulce y la probabilidad de ser del tipo Lamuyo o Blocky.
El modelo generó buenos pronósticos para varios años en el futuro, con intervalos de confianza estables, no obstante, es recomendable que se incorporen los nuevos datos que se presenten cada año y se vuelva a correr el modelo para rectificar las proyecciones, dado que estos modelos fueron creados para ser aplicados a pronósticos de corto plazo.
Alanyurt (Afyonkarahisar) Killerinin Jeolojisi ve Mineralojisi
Authors: Kuşcu Mustafa , Yıldız Ahmet 
Published: December 2018

İnceleme alanının temelinde Paleozoyik yaşlı Afyon
metamorfitleri yer almaktadır. Formasyon Doğanlar şisti ve İscehisar
mermerlerinden oluşmaktadır. Senozoyik yaşlı Gebeceler formasyonu ve Afyon
volkanitleri temel kayaçları üzerine uyumsuz olarak gelmiştir. Kuvaterner yaşlı
alüvyal çökeller Senozoyik yaşlı birimleri uyumsuz olarak örtmektedirler. Afyon
volkanitleri Afyonkarahisar ve çevresinde Miyosen döneminde etkili olan
volkanik faaliyetlerin sonucu oluşmuşlardır. Alt-Orta Miyosen yaşlı Köroğlu
Kaldera’sının oluşturduğu Seydiler ignimbiritleri ve andezit, trakiandezit
bileşimli lavlar tarafından temsil edilen volkanik kayaçlar Afyonkarahisar’ın
kuzeyinde geniş alanlar kaplamaktadır. Bu çalışma Alanyurt (Afyonkarahisar) bölgesindeki
killerin jeolojik ve mineralojik-petrografik özelliklerinin belirlenmesi
amacıyla yapılmıştır. Alanyurt killeri Seydiler ignimbiritlerinin ayrışması
sonucu oluşmuştur. Seydiler ignimbritlerinin üst bölümleri masif seviyelerden
oluşurken, alt bölümlerinde ise tabakalı yapı belirgindir. Genellikle beyaz ve
krem renkli olan birimin rengi alterasyonun etkisiyle açık sarı, sarımsı
kırmızı ve açık yeşile doğru değişim sunmuştur. Alanyurt killerinin toplam
kalınlığı 200m’dir. Seydiler ignimbiritlerindeki değişik alterasyon zonlarının
mineralojik-petrografik özelliklerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla bölgedeki kil
ocaklarının aynalarından örnekler alınmış ve bu örneklere x-ışınları kırınımı
(XRD) ve taramalı elektron mikroskop analizleri uygulanmıştır. XRD çalışmalarında
örneklerdeki en önemli kayaç yapıcı minerallerin feldispat, kuvars ve
opal-CT/kristobalit olduğu belirlenmiştir. Beyaz ve krem renkli seviyeler
çoğunlukla illitten oluşurken, bu minerale açık sarı renkli seviyelerde
kaolinit, açık yeşil renkli seviyede ise simektit minerali eşlik etmiştir. SEM
incelemelerinde yapraksı illit ve simektit kristalleriyle psedohekzagonal ve
vermiform kaolinit kristalleri gözlenmiştir. Çalışmalarda volkan camı ve
potasyum feldispat minerallerinin illit, simektit ve kaolinite dönüşümünü
gösteren morfolojik ve mikro kimyasal veriler elde edilmiştir.
REGISTROS HISTÓRICOS E REANÁLISES NAS ANOMALIAS DE PRECIPITAÇÃO DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL DE 1901 A 1960
Authors: Valente Pedro Teixeira , Aquino Francisco Eliseu 
Published: December 2018

Este trabalho recuperou registros históricos de precipitação e eventos extremos em jornais nos primeiros 60 anos do século XX e comparou com séries de reanálises a fim de investigar quais eventos extremos históricos coincidem em data e intensidade com os extremos das reanálises, no Rio Grande do Sul (RS). A série histórica gerada foi construída a partir de notícias de inundação, enchentes, estiagens e secas nas notícias pesquisadas. As reanálises utilizadas provem da Universidade de Delaware (DLW) e consistem em uma grade de 0,5º x 0,5º disponíveis para o período 1900 - 2008. As séries anômalas foram dividas em três zonas (Campanha, Litoral e Planalto) para melhor detalhamento do comportamento espacial e analisadas nas fases: El Niño, Neutro e La Niña. Observou-se que as zonas Campanha e Planalto são mais suscetíveis às fases do El Niño – Oscilação Sule a zona Litoral demonstrou menor influência aparente. A análise das séries de anomalias DLW e de todos os aglomerados de notícias encontradas, coincidem com anomalias iguais ou superiores (inferiores) a 50 (-50 mm) mensais. Com exceção de um único evento na década de 1950 que não coincidiu com os episódios extremos de precipitação. Abril de 1959 teve a maior anomalia do período (200 mm, no valor mínimo para as três zonas) e a menor ocorreu em outubro de 1924 (-85 mm, no valor mínimo entre as três zonas). Conclui-se que esta comparação e os registros históricos possibilitaram determinar a ocorrência dos eventos extremos de precipitação e também identificar o número de dias chuvosos de cada episódio. A fase neutra demonstrou anomalias positivas (negativas) nos mesmos níveis das anomalias de El Niño e La Niña a partir de 1930, indicando que outros fatores e modos de variabilidade também devem influenciar na precipitação do RS.
A combination of rapid and easy assays of biosurfactant producing bacterial strain isolated from automobiles repairing workshop in Aligarh
Authors: Hussain Touseef , Khan Abrar Ahmad 
Published: December 2018

Routine washing, cleaning, repairing, maintenance of cars, bikes, scooters and disposal of waste of all kinds are carried out in automobile workshops are common observations in Aligarh. Considering the likelihood of existence of biosurfactant producing organisms at hydrocarbon contaminated site, a large number of soil samples were collected and isolation was carried out. A total of ten bacterial strains ALIG (01–10) were isolated out of which only isolate АLIG01 grown on GSP agar, Maconkey agar as well as on Pseudomonas agar plates which indicated suspectedPseudomonas spp. and exhibits positive biosurfactant activity through penetration assay, oil spreading technique, beta hemolytic activity and ЕI24 (96%), positive blue plate agar plate (> 2сm), qualatitative analysis, tolerance against hydrocarbonm-xylene, and microplate assay. This isolate АLIG01 is a valuable source to investigate further for future agriculture plant pathology and industrial applications.