bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Case report: use of ketamine in combination with epidural anesthesia for cesarean section in the patient with severe congenital hypothyroidism
Authors: Jiang Xiaoqin , Wu Lan , Luo Dong , Huang Wei 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Background: Severe maternal congenital hypothyroidism with term pregnancy is extremely rare. It is really challenging to make an optimal anesthesia management strategy that is both less stressful for the anesthesiologist and safer for both the mother and her infant.
Case presentation: A case is presented for a 22-year-old pregnant woman with severe congenital hypothyroidism, who was undergone successful epidural anesthesia for an elective cesarean section (CS). She was weight 28 Kg and measured 112 cm in height at term. Spontaneous ventilation was maintained throughout the case while ketamine was used for attenuating the activity of sympathetic system and alleviating the pain and anxiety of the patient. Both the parturient and neonate were well and discharged 4 days later.
Conclusion: it is rare that natural conception succeeds on this severe congenital hypothyroid woman. In high-risk patients with severe congenital hypothyroidism, we recommend strongly that epidural anesthesia may be an optimal and safe technique for both the mother and her infant.
Keywords: Congenital hypothyroidism, epidural anesthesia, ketamine
The redox-dependent regulation of satelite cells following aseptic muscle trauma (SpEED): Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Papanikolaou Konstantinos , Jamurtas Athanasios Z. , Draganidis Dimitrios , Chatzinikolaou Athanasios , Laschou Vassiliki C. , Deli Charikleia K. , Georgakouli Kalliopi , Tsimeas Panagiotis , Batrakoulis Alexios , Fatouros Ioannis G. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Background: Muscle satellite cells (SCs) are crucial for muscle regeneration following muscle trauma. Acute skeletal muscle damage results in inflammation and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which may be implicated in SCs activation. Protection of these cells from oxidative damage is essential to ensure sufficient muscle regeneration. The aim of this study is to determine whether SCs activity under conditions of aseptic skeletal muscle trauma induced by exercise is redox-dependent.
Methods: Based on their SCs content in their vastus lateralis skeletal muscle, participants will be classified as either high or low respondents. In a randomized, double-blind, crossover, repeated measures design, participants will then receive either Placebo or N-acetylcysteine (alters redox potential in muscle) during a preliminary 7-day loading phase, and for 8 consecutive days following a single bout of intense muscle-damaging exercise. In both trials, blood samples and muscle biopsies will be collected, and muscle performance and soreness will be measured at baseline, pre-exercise, 2- and 8-days post-exercise. Biological samples will be analyzed for redox status and SCs activity. Between trials, a 4-week washout period will be implemented.
Discussion: This study is designed to investigate the impact of redox status on SCs mobilization and thus skeletal muscle potential for regeneration under conditions of aseptic inflammation induced by exercise. Findings of this trial will provide insight into i) molecular pathways involved in SCs recruitment and muscle healing under conditions of aseptic skeletal muscle trauma present in numerous catabolic conditions and ii) if skeletal muscle’s potential for regeneration depends on its basal SCs content.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03711838; Registered on 10/19/2018.
Keywords: Muscle stem cells, cell signaling, antioxidants, redox potential, tissue regeneration.
A 2x2 factorial, randomised, open-label trial to determine the clinical and cost- effectiveness of hypertonic saline (HTS 6%) and carbocisteine for airway clearance versus usual care over 52 weeks in adults with bronchiectasis: A protocol for the CLEAR clinical trial
Authors: Bradley Judy , Anand Rohan , O'Neill Brenda , Ferguson Kathryn , Clarke Mike , Carroll Mary , Chalmers James , de-Soyza Anthony , Duckers Jamie , Hill Adam T , Loebinger Michael R , Copeland Fiona , Gardner Evie , Campbell Christina , Agus Ashley , Maguire Alistair , Boyle Roisin , McKinney Fionnuala , Dickson Naomi , McAuley Danny , Elborn Stuart 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Background: Current guidelines for the management of bronchiectasis (BE) highlight the lack of evidence to recommend mucoactive agents, such as hypertonic saline (HTS) and carbocisteine, to aid sputum-removal as part of standard care. We hypothesise that mucoactive agents (HTS or cabocisteine, or a combination) are effective in reducing exacerbations over a 52-week period, compared to usual care.
Methods: A 52-week, 2x2 factorial randomised open label trial to determine the clinical and cost-effectiveness of HTS 6% and carbocisteine for airway clearance versus usual care: CLEAR (clinical and cost-effectiveness of hypertonic saline (HTS 6%) and carbocisteine for airway clearance versus usual care). Patients will be randomised to either (i) Standard care and twice daily nebulised HTS (6%), (ii) Standard care and carbocisteine (750mg three times per day until visit 3 reducing to 750mg twice per day), (iii) Standard care and combination of twice-daily nebulised HTS and carbocisteine, or (iv) Standard care. The primary outcome is the mean number of exacerbations over 52 weeks. Key inclusion criteria: adults with a diagnosis of BE on computed tomography scans, BE as the primary respiratory diagnosis, two or more pulmonary exacerbations in the last year requiring antibiotics and production of daily sputum.
Discussion: This trial’s pragmatic research design avoids the significant costs associated with double-blind trials whilst optimising rigor in other areas of trial-delivery. CLEAR will provide evidence as to whether HTS, carbocisteine or both are effective and cost-effective for BE patients.
Trial registration:
EudraCT Number: 2017-000664-14. (Date on which this record was first entered in the database 20/10/2017).
ISRCTN89040295. (Date assigned 06/07/2018).
Funder: National Institute for Health Research, Health Technology Assessment Programme (15/100/01).
Sponsor: Belfast Health and Social Care Trust.
Ethics Reference Number: 17/NE/0339.
Protocol version: v3.0 Final_14052018.
Keywords: Clinical trial protocol, factorial design, bronchiectasis, hypertonic saline, carbocisteine, exacerbation, SWAT.
Practical Bromination Approach to the Synthesis of Dimethyl 6,6’- Bis(bromomethyl)-[2,2’-bipyridine]-4,4’-dicarboxylate
Authors: Ou Wenhua , Liu Ruonan , Wang Bo 
Published: January 2019

:
Dimethyl 6,6’-bis(bromomethyl)-[2,2’-bipyridine]-4,4’-dicarboxylate (2) was synthesized
from dimethyl 6,6’-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine-4,4'-dicarboxylate (1) through dibromination and debromination.
Debromination of dimethyl 6,6’-bis(dibromomethyl)-[2,2’-bipyridine]-4,4’-dicarboxylate (4)
with diethyl phosphite and N,N-diisopropylethylamine in THF afforded target product 2 in 58% overall
yield. The biggest advantage of the presented method is to avoid so much impurities and the difficulty
of purification in the direct bromination method reported previously.
Review and Analysis of thought Records: Creating a Coding System
Authors: Waltman Scott H. , Frankel Sarah A. , Hall Brittany C. , Williston Michael A. , Jager-Hyman Shari 
Published: January 2019

Background:
Thought records are a core component of Cognitive Behavior Therapy. Over
time, thought records have been modified to suit various needs or preferences. A diversity of thought
records have been developed, which include differing components and cognitive change strategies.
Yet, due to a lack of specificity in the literature and field, different thought records are often treated as
though they are interchangeable. Limited extant literature suggests that differing thought records may
have unique clinical effects. However, meta-analyzing the comparable or differing effects of the distinct
extant thought records is impeded by the lack of a coding system for thought records.

Objective:
The current study sought to prepare a way for further understanding the differential utility
and effectiveness of different iterations of thought records by creating a coding system, which is
described in detail. This coding system will be used to guide future research into which thought
records work best for which problems.

Method:
Thought records were gathered from seminal texts and solicited from the certified members
of the Academy of Cognitive Therapy and the American Board of Behavioral and Cognitive
Psychology.

Results:
In total, 110 non-identical thought records were gathered and coded into 55 unique combinations.
These results demonstrate that the variability of thought records used by qualified therapists
extends well beyond those found in seminal CBT texts.

Conclusion:
This broad diversity justifies the need for a coding system to inform future lines of
research.
Kesiapan Guru Sejarah SMA Islam 1 Gamping Sleman dalam Implementasi Kurikulum 2013
Authors: Aman Aman 
Published: January 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) mengetahui kesiapan guru sejarah SMA Islam I Gamping Sleman dalam implementasi kurikulum 2013, dan (2) mengetahui upaya-upaya apa yang telah dilakukan guru dan sekolah dalam mempersiapkan implementasi kurikulum 2013. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif deskriptif, data yang digunakan adalah data hasil wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi; validitas menggunakan triangulasi dan informant review; dan model analisis yang digunakan adalah model interaktif. guru sejarah di SMA Islam I Gamping Sleman yang berjumlah 2 orang pada dasarnya sudah siap untuk menerapkan kurikulum 2013 pada tahun 2014 ini. Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan kemampuannya untuk mengembangkan perangkat pembelajaran berdasarkan perangkat pembelajaran, media pembelajaran, dan lembar penilaian yang sudah sesuai dengan tuntutan kurikulum 2013. Upaya-upaya yang dilakukan oleh guru dan sekolah adalah: mengikuti pelatihan kurikulum 2013 yang diselenggarakan oleh pemerintah, mengikutkan guru-guru untuk workshop kurikulum 2013 yang diselenggarakan oleh perguruan tinggi dan LSM, serta mengikuti seminar-seminar kurikulum 2013 di sekolah-sekolah maupun dinas pendidikan. Kata Kunci: kesiapan, implementasi, kurikulum 2013
KURIKULUM PENDIDIKAN SEJARAH DALAM PERSPEKTIF HISTORIS
Authors: Zulkarnain Zulkarnain 
Published: January 2019

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) mengetahui eksistensi pembelajaran sejarah dalam kurikulum 2013, dan (2) mengetahui bagaimana pengorganisasian pembelajaran sejarah dalam kurikulum pembelajaran sejarah dilihat dari perspektif historis. Metode yang digunakan peneliti dalam penulisan sejarah ini adalah metode penelitian menurut Kuntowijoyo. Adapun tahapan penelitian sejarah menurut Kuntowijoyo mempunyai lima tahap yaitu pemilihan topik, heuristik, verifikasi, interpretasi, dan penulisan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa materi sejarah dimasukkan dalam kurikulum sekolah untuk membangun kohesi dan identitas nasional, serta pewarisan nilai, etika, dan budaya kepada peserta didik. Pengorganisasian materi berkaitan dengan penguasaan konsep atau tema besar yang diambil dari disiplin ilmu sosial serta penggunaan teori sejarah atau disiplin ilmu sosial. Konsep perubahan (change), kesinambungan (continuity), konflik, revolusi, interdependensi, relasi sosial, status dan peranan, budaya, masyarakat, peradaban, dan lain-lain dapat menjadi tema dalam pembelajaran sejarah. Konsep dapat membantu memahami berbagai objek, peristiwa, gagasan, fenomena, serta dapat digunakan untuk memecahkan masalah.Kata Kunci: kurikulum, pendidikan, sejarah, historis. AbstractThis study aims to: (1) know the existence of the teaching of history in the curriculum of 2013, and (2) determine how to organize the teaching of history in the curriculum of history teaching viewed from a historical perspective. The method the researchers used in the writing of this history is a research method according to Kuntowijoyo. The stages of historical research according to Kuntowijoyo has five stages, namely the selection of topics, heuristic, verification, interpretation, and writing. The results showed that the historical material included in the school curriculum to build cohesion and national identity, as well as the inheritance of values, ethics, and culture to students. Organizing the material related to the mastery of concepts or major themes drawn from social science disciplines as well as the use of the theory of history or social science discipline. The concept of change (change), continuity (continuity), conflict, revolution, interdependence, social relations, status and roles, culture, society, civilization, and others can become a theme in the teaching of history. The concept could help understand a variety of objects, events, ideas, phenomena, and can be used to solve problems.Keywords: curriculum, education, history, historical.
NEDERLANDSCH INDISH SPOORWEG MATSCHAPPIJ: STUDI KASUS KARESIDENAN SURAKARTA AWAL 1870-1930
Authors: Murdiyastomo H.Y. Agus 
Published: January 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk : (1) Mengetahui peranan Nederlandsch Indish Spoorweg Matschappij (NISM) dalam perkembangan transportasi di Karesidenan Surakarta, dan (2) Mengetahui dampak positif adanya NISM bagi masyarakat Karesidenan Surakarta. Metode yang digunakan peneliti dalam penulisan sejarah ini adalah metode penelitian menurut Kuntowijoyo. Adapun tahapan penelitian sejarah menurut Kuntowijoyo mempunyai lima tahap yaitu pemilihan topik, heuristik, verifikasi, interpretasi, dan penulisan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa NISM memiliki peran yang besar dalam memajukan transportasi di Karesidenan Surakarta. Dengan adanya kereta api, mobilitas masyarakat semakin tinggi mencakup masyarakat yang tinggal di pedesaan. Adapun dampak positif adanya NISM yaitu: memudahkan perdagangan yang nantinya akan menciptakan golongan menengah, memudahkan transportasi masyarakat, mempercepat pembangunan, meningkatkan interaksi masyarakat satu dengan yang lain. Kata kunci: NISM, kereta api, Surakarta
Pengembangan Media Blog Sejarah sebagai Alternatif Media Pembelajaran Sejarah di Sekolah Menengah Atas
Authors: Sudrajat Ajat , Zulkarnain Zulkarnain 
Published: January 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) mengetahui bagaimana langkah-langkah pengembangan media blog sejarah sebagai media pembelajaran sejarah di SMA, (2) mengetahui bagaimana efektivitas media blog sejarah dalam pembelajaran sejarah di Sekolah Menengah Atas. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Research and Development yang terdiri dari empat tahapan, yaitu: (1) tahap pendahuluan yang meliputi kegiatan pengumpulan informasi terkait dengan arti penting media blog sejarah sebagai media pendukung pembelajaran, (2) tahap desain media blog dan strategi implementasi media sebagai pengembangan bentuk produk awal, (3) tahap uji coba, evaluasi dan revisi melalui implementasi pembelajaran sejarah di SMA, dan (4) tahap implementasi dan pembinaan berkelanjutan dalam implementasi media blog sebagai media alternatif pembelajaran sejarah. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan sebagai berikut. 1)langkah-langkah pengembangan blog sebagai media pembelajaran sejarah di SMA melalui: a) studi pendahuluan, b) merencanakan dan menyusun blog, c) melakukan uji coba terbatas di 1 SMA, evaluasi dan revisi blog. 2) Melalui uji coba terbatas pada 1 sekolah yakni SMA N 5 Yogyakarta. Uji coba blog menunjukkan bahwa media blog efektif dengan rerata skor pre tes sebesar 78,57 dan pos tes sebesar 93,71. Dengan demikian peran media blog dalam pembelajaran sejarah sebesar 15,14 persen. Kata Kunci: pembelajaran sejarah, media blog, dan Sekolah Menengah Atas
DONGGALA: FROM IMPERALISM TO THE REGENCY ESTABLISHMENT
Authors: Nadjamuddin Lukman , Idrus Idrus 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe Effort exerted by the Dutch to conquer Banawa Kingdom, particularly Donggala City, began with the assumption derived from economic and political calculation that the confiscation would make it possible for the Dutch to pacify its trade channel in Makasar narrows and extend economic exploitation, given that Donggala had a strategic port, related to the chain of Archipelago’s trade. The method of confiscation-friendship relation was not realized because resistances, in the form of physical attack- began to come forward. In Donggala, Molanda played a role as the main actor in the rebellion. In Sigi, Toma I Dompo consistently attacked, both after and before arrested in Sukabumi. In Sojol, Toma Tarima along with his son assailed the Dutch and in Kulawi, Toma Itorengke set about the Dutch as well.During the Japanese imperialism, the education system of the Dutch waseliminated, and replaced with Japanese education which required to speak Japanese and Indonesia languages, to sing Kimigayo, to give respect to Hinomaru, to do Seikrei, Kinrohosyi and Taiso. The social and political organization was limited, while those which supported the mass mobilization were established, such as Seinendan. This led the nationalists to do the underground movement. In the agriculture, native people were obligated to plant cotton, rice, corn and cassava as to overcome the lack of food and clothing.After the independence was announced, Donggala faced by two struggle NICAattack and to establish the Donggala Regency. The effort to maintain the freedom was conducted in two ways, physical struggle and establish of social and political organization, while the establishment of Donggala Regency gained two important momentum; the establishment of Administrative region of Donggala on the basis of Sulawesi Governor’s verdict no. 633 on October 25th, 1951 and the establishment of Donggala Regency on the basis of Government regulation no.33 on August 12th.1952. Keyword: Donggala, Imperialism, Regency.
PERKEMBANGAN DAN PENINGGALAN DINASTI MOGHUL DI INDIA 1525-1857
Authors: Supardi Supardi 
Published: January 2019

Abstract There are three objectives to writing this article as follow, First is to know the background of the rise of Moghul Empire, Second to know growth and fall of the Moghul Empire, and the last several Moghul legacies such as in the aspect of politic, social, art, etc.The founding father of Moghul Empire is Kutbu’ddin Aibak (1206-1211), who was able to establish Independence Islamic Kingdom of India. There are several ruler: Sultan Akbar, Syah Jahan, dan Aurangzib. Sultan Akbar has reputation as the ruler who was able to maintain stability of the empire as well as to combine the Islamic and Hindus civilization. Meanwhile Syah Jahan inherit some relics, such as the famous Taj Mahal.Other ruler Aurangzib was to expand his empire. But the generation after Aurangzib fail to maintain unity of his empire and Moghul breakdown to several independence kingdom. The Sepoy Mutiny in 1857 is the end of Moghul Empire. British replace Moghul Empire and occupied whole India until 1947.Keywords: Moghul Empire, Moghul inheritance, India.
Pendapat Mahasiswa tentang Fleksibilitas Kurikulum Suplemen 2000 di Jurusan PDU FIS UNY
Authors: Mulyani Endang 
Published: January 2019

This study examines the PDU student’s perception of 2000 curriculum flexibility. The results of this study show that 98% of respondents agree with the implementation of flexible curriculum, majority of flexibility interested is additional competency to teach to other study programs. This curriculum has two advantages, namely: students can receive more than one competency, time needed to finish study and receive two diplomas is shorter than other universities. On the other hand, this curriculum has disadvantages such as: students have to spend much more money, it is need longer time to finish study and quality of graduates is questionable.
Six Sigma As A Means To Enhance Quality Of The Company
Authors: Istiningrum Andian Ari , Sari Annisa Ratna 
Published: January 2019

Six Sigma is a means that can be used to enhance quality by decreasing product defects. Many organizations have succeeded in applying Six Sigma, such as Motorola, General Electric and Allied Signal. To achieve Six Sigma, a process must reduce no more than 3.4 defects per million opportunities.This article tries to describe the definition and process of Six Sigma. Six Sigma can be used in every part of production process. It is important for the organizations to give more attention to quality. The best quality can be achieved if all of the resources and processes are well managed. Six Sigma helps the organizations to measure whether resources and processes are well managed so that better quality can be achieved.Six Sigma has some advantages, such as focus on process, recovery and measurement management, keep the focus accurate, clear and specific, has clear purposes and help the organization to adapt the situation that always changes, uses means and approaches in the proper situation, helps company to create smoother, more effective and more efficient company, recognizes that a little recovery or a big changing is important in the business world, and has no worry to give a big investment to meet the standard.
Arti dan Peranan Sumberdaya Manusia
Authors: Purwanto - 
Published: January 2019

Kegiatan personalia memiliki lingkup kerja yang luas. Semua tindakan yang diambil untuk memberikan kepada satuan-satuan kerja yang efektif dan efisien tidaklah mudah. Kegiatan divisi personalia dan divisi-divisi lain tidak bisa terpisahkan dan tidak bisa bekerja sendiri-sendiri harus ada koordinasi serta harus saling tergantung satu dengan yang lainnya. Sumber daya manusia dilihat dari sisi ekonomi merupakan sumber ekonomi utama. Artinya secanggih apapun teknologi yang dimiliki perusahaan tidak mempunyai arti bila tidak didukung oleh sumber daya manusia yang memiliki kemampuan dan keterampilan yang dapat dipertanggungjawabkan.Manajemen personalia diperlukan untuk memberikan motivasi kepada satuan kerja organisasi agar bekerja secara efektif dan efisien. Upaya mencapai tujuan tersebut studi tentang manajemen personalia difokuskan pada masalah bagaimana manajemen mendapatkan, menggunakan, mengembangkan, dan memelihara karyawan secara tepat dan humanis.