bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chiral separation of isoxanthohumol and 8‐prenylnaringenin in beer, hop pellets and hops by HPLC with chiral columns
Authors: Moriya Hyuga , Tanaka Sohei , Iida Yukari , Kitagawa Satomi , Aizawa Sen‐ichi , Taga Atsushi , Terashima Hiroyuki , Yamamoto Atsushi , Kodama Shuji 
Published: May 2018

AbstractXanthohumol, isoxanthohumol, and 8‐prenylnaringenin in beer, hop and hop pellet samples were analyzed by HPLC using an InertSustain phenyl column and the mobile phase containing 40% methanol and 12% 2‐propanol. Fractions of isoxanthohumol and 8‐prenylnaringenin obtained by the above HPLC were separately collected. Isoxanthohumol and 8‐prenylnaringenin were enantioseparated by HPLC using a Chiralcel OD‐H column with a mobile phase composed of hexane–ethanol (90:10, v/v) and a Chiralpak AD‐RH column with a mobile phase composed of methanol–2‐propanol–water (40:20:40, v/v/v), respectively. Isoxanthohumol and 8‐prenylnaringenin from beer, hop and hop pellet samples were found to be present in a racemic mixture. This can be explained by the fact that the two analytes were produced by a nonenzymatic process. The effects of boiling conditions on the conversion of xanthohumol into isoxanthohumol were also studied. A higher concentration of ethanol in heating solvent resulted in a decrease in the conversion ratio and the conversion was stopped by addition of ethanol at >50% (v/v). The isomerization was significantly affected pH (2−10) and the boiling medium at pH 5 was minimum for the conversion. Therefore, it was suggested that xanthohumol was relatively difficult to convert to isoxanthohumol in wort (pH 5−5.5) during boiling.
Simultaneous quantification of fentanyl, sufentanil, cefazolin, doxapram and keto‐doxapram in plasma using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Flint Robert B. , Bahmany Soma , van der Nagel Bart C. H. , Koch Birgit C. P. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractA simple and specific UPLC–MS/MS method was developed and validated for simultaneous quantification of fentanyl, sufentanil, cefazolin, doxapram and its active metabolite keto‐doxapram. The internal standard was fentanyl‐d5 for all analytes. Chromatographic separation was achieved with a reversed‐phase Acquity UPLC HSS T3 column with a run‐time of only 5.0 min per injected sample. Gradient elution was performed with a mobile phase consisting of ammonium acetate or formic acid in Milli‐Q ultrapure water or in methanol with a total flow rate of 0.4 mL min−1. A plasma volume of only 50 μL was required to achieve adequate accuracy and precision. Calibration curves of all five analytes were linear. All analytes were stable for at least 48 h in the autosampler. The method was validated according to US Food and Drug Administration guidelines. This method allows quantification of fentanyl, sufentanil, cefazolin, doxapram and keto‐doxapram, which is useful for research as well as therapeutic drug monitoring, if applicable. The strength of this method is the combination of a small sample volume, a short run‐time, a deuterated internal standard, an easy sample preparation method and the ability to simultaneously quantify all analytes in one run.
Erythema nodosum in an adolescent patient with cryopyrin‐associated periodic syndrome
Authors: Chan Linda , Campbell Dianne E. , Ming Andrew G. 
Published: May 2018

Key Clinical MessageCryopyrin‐associated periodic syndrome (CAPS) is a monogenetic auto‐inflammatory disorder with systemic manifestations. Innate immune system aberrance is seen in both CAPS and erythema nodosum and this case may point to a previously unknown association. In pediatric patients with EN and systemic features, the possibility of underlying CAPS should be considered.
Diabetic chorea as a neurological complication
Authors: Kenzaka Tsuneaki , Fujikawa Moemi , Matsumoto Masanori 
Published: May 2018

Key Clinical MessageDiabetic chorea accompanies hyperglycemic states or drastic changes in blood glucose levels and involves the acute onset of unilateral or bilateral choreatic movements. Diabetes is sometimes discovered due to diabetic chorea, and thus, diabetic chorea is considered an important neurological complication.
Strict Correlation of HOMO Topology and Magnetic Aromaticity Indices in d‐Block Metalloaromatics
Authors: Mauksch Michael , Tsogoeva Svetlana B. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractMagnetic aromaticity and antiaromaticity of closed shell metalloaromatics with 4d transition metals (Nb, Tc, Rh) is strictly correlated with the orbital topology (Möbius or Hückel) of their π‐HOMO, investigated computationally with DFT methods. A surprisingly simple rule emerged: the metallacycle is aromatic (antiaromatic) when the number of π MOs is even and the π‐HOMO is of Möbius (Hückel) topology‐and vice versa when the number of π MOs is odd.
CuI‐Catalyzed Pentafluoroethylation of Aryl Iodides in the Presence of Tetrafluoroethylene and Cesium Fluoride: Determining the Route to the Key Pentafluoroethyl CuI Intermediate
Authors: Ohashi Masato , Ishida Naoyoshi , Ando Kota , Hashimoto Yu , Shigaki Anna , Kikushima Kotaro , Ogoshi Sensuke 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe Cu(I)‐catalyzed pentafluoroethylation of iodoarenes via the fluorocupration of tetrafluoroethylene (TFE) is disclosed. The active species, (phen)CuC2F5, was isolated and its molecular structure confirmed by a single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis. The key to the successful suppression of the competing oligomerization of TFE is to refrain from stirring the reaction mixture. A mechanistic study clearly discarded the possibility that the catalytic reaction proceeds via a radical pathway.
Access to quality gynecologic oncology care: A work in progress
Authors: Duska Linda R. 
Published: May 2018

The process of providing quality cancer care, particularly among patients with gynecologic cancer, is a complex one. Insurance coverage for specialty gynecologic oncologist care is critical, but attention also must be paid to the other aspects of multidisciplinary cancer care and supportive care services, the value of keeping patients in their communities, the rapidly rising costs of providing care in the academic/tertiary care setting, and the financial burden of cancer care to patients.See also pages 2677‐9.
NiO Nanoparticles Anchored on Phosphorus‐Doped α‐Fe2O3 Nanoarrays: An Efficient Hole Extraction p–n Heterojunction Photoanode for Water Oxidation
Authors: Li Feng , Li Jing , Zhang Jie , Gao Lili , Long Xuefeng , Hu Yiping , Li Shuwen , Jin Jun , Ma Jiantai 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe photoelectrochemical (PEC) water‐splitting efficiency of a hematite‐based photoanode is still far from the theoretical value due to its poor surface reaction kinetics and high density of surface trapping states. To solve these drawbacks, a photoanode consisting of NiO nanoparticles anchored on a gradient phosphorus‐doped α‐Fe2O3 nanorod (NR) array (NiO/P‐α‐Fe2O3) was fabricated to achieve optimal light absorption and charge separation, as well as rapid surface reaction kinetics. Specifically, a photoanode with the NR array structure allowed a high mass‐transport rate to be achieved, while phosphorus doping effectively decreased the number of surface trapping sites and improved the electrical conductivity of α‐Fe2O3. Furthermore, the p–n junction that forms between NiO and P‐α‐Fe2O3 can further improve the PEC performance due to efficient hole extraction and the water oxidization catalytic activity of NiO. Consequently, the NiO/P‐α‐Fe2O3 NR photoanode produced a high photocurrent density of 2.08 mA cm−2 at 1.23 V versus a reversible hydrogen electrode and a 110 mV cathodic shift of the onset potential. This rational design of structure offers a new perspective in exploring high‐performance PEC photoanodes.
Unravelling changing interspecific interactions across environmental gradients using Markov random fields
Authors: Clark Nicholas J. , Wells Konstans , Lindberg Oscar 
Published: May 2018

AbstractInferring interactions between co‐occurring species is key to identify processes governing community assembly. Incorporating interspecific interactions in predictive models is common in ecology, yet most methods do not adequately account for indirect interactions (where an interaction between two species is masked by their shared interactions with a third) and assume interactions do not vary along environmental gradients. Markov random fields (MRF) overcome these limitations by estimating interspecific interactions, while controlling for indirect interactions, from multispecies occurrence data. We illustrate the utility of MRFs for ecologists interested in interspecific interactions, and demonstrate how covariates can be included (a set of models known as Conditional Random Fields, CRF) to infer how interactions vary along environmental gradients. We apply CRFs to two data sets of presence–absence data. The first illustrates how blood parasite (Haemoproteus,Plasmodium, and nematode microfilaria spp.) co‐infection probabilities covary with relative abundance of their avian hosts. The second shows that co‐occurrences between mosquito larvae and predatory insects vary along water temperature gradients. Other applications are discussed, including the potential to identify replacement or shifting impacts of highly connected species along climate or land‐use gradients. We provide tools for building CRFs and plotting/interpreting results as an R package.
Predictive factors of overall functioning improvement in patients with chronic schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder treated with paliperidone palmitate and aripiprazole monohydrate
Authors: Girardi Paolo , Del Casale Antonio , Rapinesi Chiara , Kotzalidis Georgios D. , Splendori Francesca , Verzura Claudio , Trovini Giada , Sorice Serena , Carrus Dario , Mancinelli Iginia , Comparelli Anna , De Filippis Sergio , Francomano Antonio , Ballerini Andrea , Marcellusi Andrea , Mennini Francesco S. , Ducci Giuseppe , Sani Gabriele , Pompili Maurizio , Brugnoli Roberto 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBackgroundLong‐acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotics can improve medication adherence and reduce hospitalisation rates compared with oral treatments. Paliperidone palmitate (PAL) and aripiprazole monohydrate (ARI) LAI treatments were associated with improvements in global functioning in patients with schizophrenia.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to assess the predictive factors of better overall functioning in patients with chronic schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder treated with PAL and ARI.MethodEnrolled were 143 (97 males, 46 females, mean age 38.24 years, SD = 12.65) patients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder, whom we allocated in two groups (PAL and ARI treatments). We assessed global functioning, amount of oral medications, adherence to oral treatment, and number of hospitalisations before LAI introduction and at assessment time point.ResultsLonger treatment time with LAIs (p < .001), lower number of oral drugs (p < .001), and hospitalisations (p = .002) before LAI introduction, and shorter duration of illness (p = .038) predicted better Global Assessment of Functioning scores in the whole sample (R2 = 0.337).ConclusionEarly administration and longer duration of ARI or PAL treatments could play a significant role in improving global functioning of patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. Better improvement in functioning could be achieved with ARI in young individuals with recent illness onset and PAL in patients at risk for recurrent hospitalisations.
CULTURAL ADAPTATIONS OF EVIDENCE‐BASED HOME‐VISITATION MODELS IN TRIBAL COMMUNITIES
Authors: Hiratsuka Vanessa Y. , Parker Myra E. , Sanchez Jenae , Riley Rebecca , Heath Debra , Chomo Julianna C. , Beltangady Moushumi , Sarche Michelle 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACTThe Tribal Maternal, Infant, and Early Childhood Home Visiting (Tribal MIECHV) Program provides federal grants to tribes, tribal consortia, tribal organizations, and urban Indian organizations to implement evidence‐based home‐visiting services for American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) families. To date, only one evidence‐based home‐visiting program has been developed for use in AI/AN communities. The purpose of this article is to describe the steps that four Tribal MIECHV Programs took to assess community needs, select a home‐visiting model, and culturally adapt the model for use in AI/AN communities. In these four unique Tribal MIECHV Program settings, each program employed a rigorous needs‐assessment process and developed cultural modifications in accordance with community strengths and needs. Adaptations occurred in consultation with model developers, with consideration of the conceptual rationale for the program, while grounding new content in indigenous cultures. Research is needed to improve measurement of home‐visiting outcomes in tribal and urban AI/AN settings, develop culturally grounded home‐visiting interventions, and assess the effectiveness of home visiting in AI/AN communities.
Glutamic acid‐related hydrazine reagent for the derivatization of carbonyl compounds
Authors: Brkljačić Lidija , Jerić Ivanka 
Published: May 2018

AbstractChemical derivatization of carbonyl compounds is a prerequisite for their determination in environmental and biological samples by liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry analysis. The main requirements regarding the good derivatization reagent are fast, selective, and quantitative reaction with carbonyl compounds and efficient fragmentation upon collision‐induced dissociation. We have prepared glutamic acid‐related hydrazine reagent and optimized derivatization procedure with benzaldehyde as a model carbonyl compound. The collision‐induced dissociation spectrum of the obtained hydrazone gave rich fragmentation pattern with numerous abundant fragment ions. Structure‐specific fragment ions were selected for the development of sensitive multiple reaction monitoring method.
Specificity and Abstraction of Examples: Opposite Effects on Fixation for Creative Ideation
Authors: Ezzat Hicham , Agogué Marine , Le Masson Pascal , Weil Benoit , Cassotti Mathieu 
Published: May 2018

AbstractFixation is one of the major obstacles that individuals face in creative idea generation contexts. Several studies have shown that individuals unintentionally tend to fixate to the examples they are shown in a creative ideation task, even when instructed to avoid them. Most of these studies used examples formulated with high level of specificity. However, no study has examined individuals’ creative performance under an instruction to diverge from given examples, when these examples are formulated with a high level of abstraction. In the present study, we show that (a) instructing participants to avoid using common examples when formulated with a high level of specificity increases fixation; whereas (b) instructing participants to avoid such examples while using a more abstract level for stating these common examples—such as a categorization of these examples—mitigates fixation and doubles the number of creative ideas generated. These findings give new insights on the key role of categorization in creative ideation contexts.
Radiographic bone loss in a Scottish non‐smoking type 1 diabetes mellitus population: A bitewing radiographic study
Authors: Plessas Anastasios , Robertson Douglas P. , Hodge Penny J. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe dental complications of uncontrolled diabetes include reduced salivary flow rate, candidiasis and periodontal manifestations. A recent meta‐analysis concluded that diabetes patients have a significantly higher severity, but not extent, of destructive periodontal disease than non‐diabetics. The authors reported that most type‐1 diabetes studies using dental radiographic data have not controlled for confounding factors such as smoking. The aim of this cross‐sectional study was to compare radiographic alveolar bone loss between type 1 diabetes (T1DM) and non‐diabetes (NDM) participants in a Scottish non‐smoking population.MethodsDigital bitewing radiographs for 174 Scottish adults never or ex‐smoker (>5 years) participants (108 T1DM, 66 NDS), recruited from outpatient clinics throughout Greater Glasgow and Clyde, were included in the analysis. A single blinded, trained, and calibrated examiner recorded the radiographic bone loss seen on bitewing radiographs using the digital screen caliper (Screen Calliper ICONICO version 4.0 (Copyright (C) 2001–6 Iconico), New York). The bone loss was measured as the distance between the cemento‐enamel junction (CEJ) and the deepest radiographic alveolar bone margin interproximally of each tooth.ResultsT1DM participants had more radiographic alveolar bone loss throughout the all teeth measured (median:1.27 mm versus 1.06 mm, P < 0.001) and more than a two‐fold increase in the risk of having sites with ≥2 mm periodontal destruction (OR = 2.297, 95%CI 1.058 to 4.986, P = 0.036) compared with non‐diabetes subjects.ConclusionsPatients suffering from type 1 diabetes are at higher risk of periodontitis even when controlling for multiple possible confounding factors and this difference can be detected on routine dental radiographs at an early stage. These data confirm radiographically the previously reported association between T1DM and periodontal bone loss.
Konjac glucomannan octenyl succinate (KGOS) as an emulsifier for lipophilic bioactive nutrient encapsulation
Authors: Li Yun‐Cheng , Zhong Geng , Meng Fan‐Bing , Yu Hua , Liu Da‐Yu , Peng Lian‐Xin 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDKonjac glucomannan octenyl succinate (KGOS) has excellent emulsification properties and can potentially be used in the food industry as an emulsifier, stabilizer and microcapsule wall material. In the present study, the in vitro digestion properties and emulsification capability and stability of KGOS were studied to evaluate the transport and encapsulation characteristics of KGOS with insoluble bioactive nutrients.RESULTSConfocal scanning laser microscopy (CSLM) suggested that oil droplets could be encapsulated by KGOS into regular spheres. In vitro digestion properties showed that KGOS is effective for colon‐targeted transport. β‐Carotene was selected as a representative lipophilic bioactive compound to evaluate the emulsification characteristics of KGOS. The loading capacity of the 0.4 mg mL−1 KGOS solution for β‐carotene was 3.26%, and transmission electron microscopy suggested that the self‐aggregate particles of KGOS/β‐carotene (KGOSC) were more uniform than KGOS. With a composition of 0.03% β‐carotene, 0.3% KGOS and 10% medium‐chain triglycerides, the emulsification yield of the KGOSC nanoemulsion was more than 95%. After 30 days of storage, the particle size and polydispersity index of the KGOSC nanoemulsion were less than 5 nm and 0.5, respectively, and the sensitivity of KGOSC nanoemulsions to storage conditions decreased in the order temperature, oxygen and light.CONCLUSIONThe results of this study suggested that KGOS is a good potential emulsifier and stabilizer for lipophilic bioactive nutrient encapsulation. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Indene Compounds Synthetically Derived from Vitamin D Have Selective Antibacterial Action on Helicobacter pylori
Authors: Wanibuchi Kiyofumi , Hosoda Kouichi , Ihara Masato , Tajiri Kentaro , Sakai Yuki , Masui Hisashi , Takahashi Takashi , Hirai Yoshikazu , Shimomura Hirofumi 
Published: May 2018

AbstractHelicobacter pylori infects the human stomach and is closely linked with the development of gastric cancer. When detected, this pathogen can be eradicated from the human stomach using wide‐spectrum antibiotics. However, year by year, H. pylori strains resistant to the antibacterial action of antibiotics have been increasing. The development of new antibacterial substances effective against drug‐resistant H. pylori is urgently required. Our group has recently identified extremely selective bactericidal effects against H. pylori in (1R,3aR,7aR)‐1‐[(1R)‐1,5‐dimethylhexyl]octahydro‐7a‐methyl‐4H‐inden‐4‐one (VDP1) (otherwise known as Grundmann's ketone), an indene compound derived from the decomposition of vitamin D3 and proposed the antibacterial mechanism whereby VDP1 induces the bacteriolysis by interacting at least with PtdEtn (dimyristoyl‐phosphatidylethanolamine [di‐14:0 PtdEtn]) retaining two 14:0 fatty acids of the membrane lipid constituents. In this study, we synthesized new indene compounds ((1R,3aR,7aR)‐1‐((2R,E)‐5,6‐dimethylhept‐3‐en‐2‐yl)‐7a‐methyloctahydro‐4H‐inden‐4‐one [VD2‐1], (1R,3aR,7aR)‐1‐((S)‐1‐hydroxypropan‐2‐yl)‐7a‐methyloctahydro‐1H‐inden‐4‐ol [VD2‐2], and (1R,3aR,7aR)‐7a‐methyl‐1‐((R)‐6‐methylheptan‐2‐yl)octahydro‐1H‐inden‐4‐ol [VD3‐1]) using either vitamin D2 or vitamin D3 as materials. VD2‐1 and VD3‐1 selectively disrupted the di‐14:0 PtdEtn vesicles without destructing the vesicles of PtdEtn (dipalmitoyl‐phosphatidylethanolamine) retaining two 16:0 fatty acids. In contrast, VD2‐2, an indene compound lacking an alkyl group, had no influence on the structural stability of both PtdEtn vesicles. In addition, VD2‐1 and VD3‐1 exerted extremely selective bactericidal action against H. pylori without affecting the viability of commonplace bacteria. Meanwhile, VD2‐2 almost forfeited the bactericidal effects on H. pylori. These results suggest that the alkyl group of the indene compounds has a crucial conformation to interact with di‐14:0 PtdEtn of H. pylori membrane lipid constituents whereby the bacteriolysis is ultimately induced.
Optimal transportation meshfree method in geotechnical engineering problems under large deformation regime
Authors: Navas Pedro , López‐Querol Susana , Yu Rena C. , Pastor Manuel 
Published: May 2018

SummaryMeshfree methods have been demonstrated as suitable and strong alternatives to the more standard numerical schemes such as finite elements or finite differences. Moreover, when formulated in a Lagrangian approach, they are appropriate for capturing soil behavior under high‐strain levels. In this paper, the optimal transportation meshfree method has been applied for the first time to geotechnical problems undergoing large deformations. All the features employed in the current methodology (ie, F‐bar, explicit viscoplastic integration, and master‐slave contact) are described and validated separately. Finally, the model is applied to the particular case of shallow foundations by using von Mises and Drucker‐Prager yield criteria to find the load at failure in the. The presented methodology is demonstrated to be robust and accurate when solving this type of problems.
Clinical resistance associated with a novel MAP2K1 mutation in a patient with Langerhans cell histiocytosis
Authors: Azorsa David O. , Lee David W. , Wai Daniel H. , Bista Ranjan , Patel Apurvi R. , Aleem Eiman , Henry Michael M. , Arceci Robert J. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractPatients with Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) harbor BRAF V600E and activating mutations of MAP2K1/MEK1 in 50% and 25% of cases, respectively. We evaluated a patient with treatment‐refractory LCH for mutations in the RAS‐RAF‐MEK‐ERK pathway and identified a novel mutation in the MAP2K1 gene resulting in a p.L98_K104 > Q deletion and predicted to be auto‐activating. During treatment with the MEK inhibitor trametinib, the patient's disease showed significant progression. In vitro characterization of the MAP2K1 p.L98_K104 > Q deletion confirmed its effect on cellular activation of the ERK pathway and drug resistance.