bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute Funisitis Correlates With the Risk of Early-Onset Sepsis in Term Newborns Assessed Using the Kaiser Sepsis Calculator
Authors: Ji Hongxiu , Bridges Margie , Pesek Elizabeth , Graham Kristin , Tan Lennart , Chabra Shilpi 
Published: June 2019

Background The risk of neonatal early-onset sepsis (EOS) is traditionally assessed on maternal signs of clinical chorioamnionitis. Recently, an online EOS risk calculator was developed by Kaiser Permanente using maternal and neonatal clinical parameters. We were interested in whether an increased Kaiser sepsis risk score correlates with histologic acute chorioamnionitis or acute funisitis. Design Included in this retrospective review are 119 chorioamnionitis-exposed term neonates from January 1, 2015 and December 31, 2016. Clinical charts from mother–baby pairs were reviewed. An EOS risk score was obtained using the online Kaiser Sepsis Calculator. The presence and severity of acute chorioamnionitis and acute funisitis were recorded. A SPSS software was used for statistical analysis (IBM, New Jersey, USA). Results The Kaiser Sepsis Calculator could identify 97 of 119 (81.5%) neonates without increased risk for sepsis. Histologic acute chorioamnionitis was present in 100 of 119 cases (84%), in which 44 cases (44%) show severe acute chorioamnionitis. Acute funisitis was recognized in 87 of 119 (73.1%) cases, all of which had concurrent acute chorioamnionitis. Severe funisitis was seen in 38 of the 87 cases (43.7%). The Kaiser Sepsis risk score correlates with the presence and severity of acute funisitis ( P = .037 and P = .044, respectively) but not with the presence or the severity of acute chorioamnionitis ( P = .105 and P = .672, respectively). Conclusion Our study provides histological evidence to support that the Kaiser Sepsis Calculator may help to effectively reduce unwarranted blood culture, antibiotics exposure, and neonatal intensive care unit admission in term neonates.
Arm position and collapsibility of infraclavicular axillary vein during voluntary breathing: An ultrasound-guided observational study
Authors: Ravindran Charulatha , Thiyagarajan Sivashanmugam , Velraj Jaya , Murugesan Ravishankar 
Published: June 2019

Background: Arm abduction influences cross-sectional area of the infraclavicular axillary vein, yet the effect of arm abduction on collapsibility of the vein has not been quantified. Decrease in collapsibility of the axillary vein can enable successful cannulation and can decrease injury to underlying vital structures. Methods: The infraclavicular axillary vein was scanned in 70 patients close to the clavicle with a high-frequency linear transducer in arm adducted position (Point A), after arm abduction at the initial probe position (Point A′) and after tracing the vein medially close to clavicle (Point B). Maximum and minimum cross-sectional area and circumference during tidal breathing and collapsibility indices during tidal and deep breathing were measured at three probe positions. Results: The percentage change with respiration in cross-sectional area, circumference and the collapsibility indices computed from the above measurements were lesser in arm abducted position (p < 0.001). There was decrease in collapsibility index during tidal breathing from 25 at Point A to 7 at Point A′ and 3 at Point B. Collapsibility index reduced from 91 at Point A to 30 at Point A′ and 35 at Point B during deep breathing. Conclusion: We conclude that the collapsibility of the infraclavicular axillary vein could be reduced by arm abduction, and hence, abduction could be proposed as the ideal arm position for ultrasound-guided infraclavicular axillary vein cannulation.
Crosslinguistic influence and morphological awareness in English (third language) writing
Authors: Orcasitas-Vicandi María 
Published: June 2019

Aims: The aim of the present paper is twofold. Firstly, we look into the effects of a number of factors on crosslinguistic influence (study 1). Secondly, we analyse the role played by morphological awareness in the production of crosslinguistic instances (study 2). In this way, we contribute to the understanding of how crosslinguistic and metalinguistic dimensions of third language acquisition are intertwined. Methodology: We investigate lexical adaptations of the first language and second language in third language English (i.e. adapted loan words) and combine quantitative and qualitative research methods. A quantitative analysis explores the impact of the first language, the L2 factor, typology and proficiency in the target and the source languages (study 1). A qualitative analysis then proposes a categorization of the strategies used by participants to adapt their first language and second language to the target language (study 2). Data and Analysis: Language proficiency was evaluated in 222 compositions, 74 written in each language (Basque, Spanish and English). The adapted loan words found in English compositions were classified according to their source language, word category, word class and type/token categories (study 1). In addition, the strategies used by participants were identified and analysed (study 2). Findings: The results indicate that language typology is the main predictor of the source language of crosslinguistic influence, and a variety of strategies point at morphological awareness as a key factor in the strategic use of participants’ first language and second language. Originality: By mixing quantitative and qualitative methods, this paper provides additional support to the claim that crosslinguistic influence and morphological awareness are intertwined in third language writing. Significance: The overall results show that students who are morphologically aware make crosslinguistic and morphological associations and use them strategically in their third language.
Antidepressant treatment and mortality risk in patients with dementia and depression: a nationwide population cohort study in Taiwan
Authors: Su Jian-An , Chang Chih-Cheng , Wang Hsuan-Min , Chen Ko-Jung , Yang Yao-Hsu , Lin Chung-Ying 
Published: June 2019

Background: Dementia prevalence is increasing worldwide, and dementia is frequently comorbid with depression during its disease course. Additionally, safety concerns are rising regarding the prescription of psychotropic agents to patients with dementia. Thus, our study assessed the influence of prescribing antidepressants in dementia with depression on mortality risk, and the differences between classes of antidepressants. Methods: This study was a population-based retrospective cohort study that utilized the National Health Insurance (NHI) medical claims data on mental illness in Taiwan between 1998 and 2013. We identified 25,890 cases of newly diagnosed dementia with depression and divided them into two groups: antidepressant users and nonusers. All-cause mortality between the two groups and the effects of different antidepressants were analyzed. Results: Antidepressants reduced all-cause mortality in patients with dementia and depression after adjusting for all covariates. Furthermore, the effect was significant when antidepressant exposure was more than 168 cumulative defined daily dosages, and most classes of antidepressants had this protective effect. Conclusions: Antidepressant treatment showed significant protective effects in all-cause mortality for patients with dementia and depression. Most classes of antidepressants were effective, especially with longer treatment duration or higher dosage.
Oral idasanutlin in patients with polycythemia vera
Authors: Mascarenhas John , Lu Min , Kosiorek Heidi , Virtgaym Elizabeth , Xia Lijuan , Sandy Lonette , Mesa Ruben , Petersen Bruce , Farnoud Noushin , Najfeld Vesna , Rampal Raajit , Dueck Amylou , Hoffman Ronald 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
A limited number of drugs are available to treat patients with polycythemia vera (PV) and essential thrombocythemia (ET). We attempted to identify alternative agents that may target abnormalities within malignant hematopoietic stem (HSCs) and progenitor cells (HPCs). Previously, MDM2 protein levels were shown to be upregulated in PV/ET CD34+ cells, and exposure to a nutlin, an MDM2 antagonist, induced activation of the TP53 pathway and selective depletion of PV HPCs/HSCs. This anticlonal activity was mediated by upregulation of p53 and potentiated by the addition of interferon-α2a (IFN-α2a). Therefore, we performed an investigator-initiated phase 1 trial of the oral MDM2 antagonist idasanutlin (RG7388; Roche) in patients with high-risk PV/ET for whom at least 1 prior therapy had failed. Patients not attaining at least a partial response by European LeukemiaNet criteria after 6 cycles were then allowed to receive combination therapy with low-dose pegylated IFN-α2a. Thirteen patients with JAK2 V617F+ PV/ET were enrolled, and 12 (PV, n = 11; ET, n = 1) were treated with idasanutlin at 100 and 150 mg daily, respectively, for 5 consecutive days of a 28-day cycle. Idasanutlin was well tolerated; no dose-limiting toxicity was observed, but low-grade gastrointestinal toxicity was common. Overall response rate after 6 cycles was 58% (7 of 12) with idasanutlin monotherapy and 50% (2 of 4) with combination therapy. Median duration of response was 16.8 months (range, 3.5-26.7). Hematologic, symptomatic, pathologic, and molecular responses were observed. These data indicate that idasanutlin is a promising novel agent for PV; it is currently being evaluated in a global phase 2 trial. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT02407080.
How I treat primary cutaneous CD30+ lymphoproliferative disorders
Authors: Shinohara Michi M. , Shustov Andrei 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe primary cutaneous CD30+ lymphoproliferative disorders are a family of extranodal lymphoid neoplasms that arise from mature postthymic T cells and localize to the skin. Current classification systems recognize lymphomatoid papulosis (LyP), primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma, and borderline cases. In the majority of patients, the prognosis of primary cutaneous CD30+ lymphoproliferative disorders is excellent; however, relapses are common, and complete cures are rare. Skin-directed and systemic therapies are used as monotherapy or in combination to achieve the best disease control and minimize overall toxicity. We discuss 3 distinct presentations of primary cutaneous CD30+ lymphoproliferative disorder and present recommendations for a multidisciplinary team approach to diagnosis, evaluation, and management of these conditions in keeping with existing consensus guidelines.
Characterization of the residues in Han Dynasty bronze lamps by pyrolysis–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry
Authors: Han Huarui , Wei Shuya , Yang Jun , Guan Li , Li Wenhuan 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The fuel residues in two bronze lamps excavated from Haihunhou Tomb in the Han Dynasty, in Jiangxi Province, China, were studied in this paper. The techniques of Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and pyrolysis–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry with thermal-assisted hydrolysis and methylation (THM-Py–GC/MS) were used to characterize the materials. Long-chain fatty acids, fatty alcohols and hydrocarbons were detected as the main components. By comparing the reference materials of beeswax and Chinese wax, the residues in the lamps were identified as beeswax. Furthermore, according to the morphology of the remains of the lamp fuel, the fuel remains were probably melted and then solidified, which suggests the lamps were used. Wax was found to have been used as an illuminating fuel as early as the Han Dynasty, enriching scholarly knowledge about the lighting materials used in ancient China.
Amplitude-based misfit functions in viscoelastic full-waveform inversion applied to walk-away vertical seismic profile data
Authors: Pan Wenyong , Innanen Kristopher A. 
Published: June 2019

Viscoelastic full-waveform inversion is applied to walk-away vertical seismic profile data acquired at a producing heavy-oil field in Western Canada for the determination of subsurface velocity models (P-wave velocity [Formula: see text] and S-wave velocity [Formula: see text]) and attenuation models (P-wave quality factor [Formula: see text] and S-wave quality factor [Formula: see text]). To mitigate strong velocity-attenuation trade-offs, a two-stage approach is adopted. In Stage I, [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] models are first inverted using a standard waveform-difference (WD) misfit function. Following this, in Stage II, different amplitude-based misfit functions are used to estimate the [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] models. Compared to the traditional WD misfit function, the amplitude-based misfit functions exhibit stronger sensitivity to attenuation anomalies and appear to be able to invert [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] models more reliably in the presence of velocity errors. Overall, the root-mean-square amplitude-ratio and spectral amplitude-ratio misfit functions outperform other misfit function choices. In the final outputs of our inversion, significant drops in the [Formula: see text] to [Formula: see text] ratio (~1.6) and Poisson’s ratio (~0.23) are apparent within the Clearwater Formation (depth ~0.45–0.50 km) of the Mannville Group in the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin. Strong [Formula: see text] (~20) and [Formula: see text] (~15) anomalies are also evident in this zone. These observations provide information to help identify the target attenuative reservoir saturated with heavy-oil resources.
How can transference-focused psychotherapy (TFP) help general psychiatrists working with patients with borderline personality disorder?
Authors: Burbridge-James William 
Published: June 2019

SUMMARYTransference-focused psychotherapy concepts and techniques have much to offer experienced psychiatrists and psychiatrists in training in their work with patients with borderline personality disorder and, as a consequence, help address the stigmatisation of this group of patients and improve their clinical care.DECLARATION OF INTERESTW.B.-J. is chair of the Specialty Advisory Committee of the Faculty of Medical Psychotherapy, RCPsych, with governance for the content and delivery of the curriculum for psychotherapy training of trainee psychiatrists in the UK.
Phase III MONALEESA-7 trial of premenopausal patients with HR+/HER2− advanced breast cancer (ABC) treated with endocrine therapy ± ribociclib: Overall survival (OS) results.
Authors: Hurvitz Sara A. , Im Seock-Ah , Lu Yen-Shen , Colleoni Marco , Franke Fabio Andre , Bardia Aditya , Harbeck Nadia , Chow Louis , Sohn Joohyuk , Lee Keun Seok , Campos Gomez Saul , Villanueva Rafael , Jung Kyung Hae , Chakravartty Arunava , Hughes Gareth , Gounaris Ioannis , Rodriguez-Lorenc Karen , Taran Tetiana , Tripathy Debu 
Published: June 2019

LBA1008 Background: The phase III MONALEESA-7 study (NCT02278120) is the first dedicated trial of endocrine therapy (ET) ± a cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6) inhibitor in premenopausal patients (pts) with hormone receptor–positive (HR+)/HER2− ABC. The study met its primary endpoint of significantly longer progression-free survival (PFS) with ribociclib (RIB; a CDK4/6 inhibitor) + ET vs placebo (PBO) + ET (median, 23.8 vs 13.0 mo; HR, 0.55; P < 0.0001; Tripathy D, et al. Lancet Oncol. 2018). Methods: Premenopausal pts (N=672) with HR+/HER2− ABC were treated with RIB or PBO + goserelin and either a nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitor (NSAI; letrozole or anastrozole) or tamoxifen. This is the 2nd of 3 protocol-specified OS analyses (scheduled to occur after ≈ 189 deaths [75% of the planned total events]). OS was evaluated by Kaplan-Meier methods, and statistical comparison was made by 1-sided stratified log-rank test, with a protocol-defined Lan-DeMets (O’Brien-Fleming) stopping boundary of p < 0.01018 for superior efficacy. Results: The data cutoff for this prespecified interim analysis was Nov 30, 2018, and the median follow-up was 34.6 mo (min, 28.0 mo). At cutoff, 173 pts were continuing study treatment (RIB, n=116; PBO, n=57), and OS was evaluated after 192 deaths (RIB, n=83; PBO, n=109). RIB + ET demonstrated a significantly longer OS than PBO + ET (median, not reached vs 40.9 mo [95% CI, 37.80 mo-not evaluable]; HR, 0.712 [95% CI, 0.54-0.95]; p = 0.00973). The result crossed the prespecified stopping boundary for superior efficacy. Estimated OS rates with RIB + ET vs PBO + ET at 42 mo were 70.2% vs 46.0%, respectively. In pts who received an NSAI (n=495), RIB + ET demonstrated a consistent OS improvement vs PBO + ET (HR, 0.699 [95% CI, 0.50-0.98]). Posttreatment therapy use was balanced between treatment arms (RIB, 68.9%; PBO, 73.2%). Conclusions: RIB + ET demonstrated a clinically and statistically significant longer OS than ET alone in premenopausal pts with HR+/HER2− ABC. This is the first time that a CDK4/6 inhibitor or any targeted agent + ET has demonstrated significantly longer OS vs ET alone as initial endocrine-based therapy. Clinical trial information: NCT02278120.
Survey of sexual harassment and gender disparities among gynecologic oncologists.
Authors: Stasenko Marina , Tarney Christopher M. , Veith Mitchell , Seier Kenneth , Casablanca Yovanni , Brown Carol L. 
Published: June 2019

LBA10502 Background: Sexual harassment is a problem in the workplace, with a third of U.S. women reporting experiencing unwanted sexual advances in their careers. Moreover, gender disparities have persisted in medicine, despite over half of U.S. physicians under age 44 being female. The purpose of this study is to evaluate perceived gender biases, prevalence of sexual harassment, and how these affect physician growth and advancement in gynecologic oncology (Gyn-Onc). Methods: We conducted a survey study of U.S.-based physician members of the Society of Gynecologic Oncology: full, senior, and fellow members. Participants reported: demographics; experiences with sexual harassment in training/practice; perceptions of gender disparities in Gyn-Onc. Survey was anonymized and collected using RedCap data capture tool. Dichotomous outcomes were compared using Fisher’s exact test. Results: The survey was sent to 1,566 members; 402 responses were received (26% response rate: 255 females (F), 147 males (M)). Female responders were younger, non-white (28% F, 11% M), not married (16% F, 3% M), and had fewer years in practice than males (p≤0.001, each). Six of every 10 responders (64%) reported experiencing sexual harassment during training/practice; 7 of every 10 women (71%) experienced sexual harassment in training/practice. One in 10 responders openly reported this behavior (15% responders; 17%F, 10% M, p=0.210); most common reasons for lack of reporting were: incident did not seem important enough (40%), did not think anything would be done about it (37%), and fear of reprisal (34%). Female responders were more likely to report that they felt gender affected their career advancement (34% F, 10% M; p≤0.001) and that gender played a role in setting their salary (42% F, 6% M; p≤0.001). Of note, 91% male responders did not feel that there is a gender pay gap in Gyn-Onc, compared to 57% females (p≤0.001). Conclusions: This report is the first to show that experience of sexual harassment is common among Gyn-Onc physicians. Importantly, only few report these occurrences, often for fear of reprisal or concern that nothing will be done. Further, female Gyn-Oncologists report feeling that gender influences salaries and career advancement. Awareness and acknowledgement of sexual harassment and gender inequalities within Gyn-Onc can lead to interventions to address these disparities.
Olaparib as maintenance treatment following first-line platinum-based chemotherapy (PBC) in patients (pts) with a germline BRCA mutation and metastatic pancreatic cancer (mPC): Phase III POLO trial.
Authors: Kindler Hedy L. , Hammel Pascal , Reni Michele , Van Cutsem Eric , Mercade Teresa Macarulla , Hall Michael J. , Park Joon Oh , Hochhauser Daniel , Arnold Dirk , Oh Do-Youn , Reinacher-Schick Anke C. , Tortora Giampaolo , Algül Hana , O'Reilly Eileen Mary , McGuinness David , Cui Karen , Schlienger Katia , Locker Gershon Y. , Golan Talia 
Published: June 2019

LBA4 Background: Pancreatic cancer (PC) pts with a germline BRCA1 and/or BRCA2 mutation (gBRCAm) have shown response to the PARP inhibitor olaparib (Kaufman 2015). POLO is the first phase III trial to evaluate efficacy of maintenance treatment with a PARP inhibitor in PC. Methods: POLO is an international, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of pts with a gBRCAm and pancreatic adenocarcinoma who had received ≥16 weeks of first-line PBC for metastatic disease without progression. Pts were randomized 3:2 to maintenance olaparib (O) tablets (300 mg bid) or placebo (P). Treatment began 4–8 weeks after last PBC dose, continuing until investigator-assessed progression or unacceptable toxicity. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS) by blinded independent central review (modified RECIST 1.1). Results: We screened 3315 pts, identified 247 with a gBRCAm, randomized 154 (O 92, P 62), and treated 151 (O 90, P 61). Pt characteristics (O/P): age, median (range) 57 (37–84)/57 (36–75); male, 58%/50%; ECOG performance status 0, 71%/61%. With 104 events, PFS was significantly improved with O vs. P (hazard ratio [HR] 0.53; 95% CI 0.35, 0.82; p = 0.0038; median PFS was 7.4 vs. 3.8 months [mo], respectively) and consistent irrespective of response to prior PBC (complete/partial HR 0.62; stable disease HR 0.50). From 6 mo, the % of pts progression-free in the O arm was more than twice that in the P arm (Table). At the interim overall survival analysis (46% maturity), HR was 0.91 (95% CI 0.56, 1.46; p = 0.68). Grade ≥3 adverse events (AE) occurred in 40% of O- and 23% of P-treated pts; 5.5% and 1.7% of pts, respectively, discontinued treatment due to an AE. Conclusions: Maintenance olaparib provided a statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvement in PFS in mPC pts with a gBRCAm who had not progressed on PBC. Safety was consistent with the known profile for olaparib. POLO is the first phase III trial to validate a biomarker-driven treatment in PC. Clinical trial information: NCT02184195. [Table: see text]