bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Femmes, Révolution et nouveau gouvernement des corps en Tunisie
Authors: Kilani Mondher 
Published: May 2018

Les enjeux de la Révolution tunisienne de janvier 2011 se sont d’emblée situés au niveau de la gestion de la vie dont dépendra finalement le futur modèle de la société. Plus encore que les « modernistes », les « islamistes » ne s’y sont pas trompés, investissant non seulement la scène politique, mais aussi le gouvernement des corps. Une certaine conception de l’islam fonctionne aujourd’hui comme une puissante machine biopolitique qui a affaire à la population comme « problème de pouvoir ». Les préceptes, conduites et comportements avancés au nom du respect de l’islam pénètrent littéralement toute la société et s’introduisent dans ses articulations les plus fines. Les femmes traversent pour une bonne part ce dispositif. Elles en constituent même l’un des enjeux centraux. Pour saisir les nouvelles formes de subjectivation et d’individuation, cet article prendra pour fil conducteur la biopolitique islamiste en tant que projet de société s’inscrivant contre le modèle hérité de la période de Bourguiba et de la dictature de Ben Ali, dont le pivot est le Code du statut personnel, à l’origine d’un changement profond du statut des femmes dans le pays. Promulgué en Tunisie en 1956, celui-ci est considéré par ses opposants comme un élément inspiré de l’étranger, voire comme une hérésie s’attaquant à l’identité religieuse musulmane du pays. De telles contestations donneront lieu à leur tour à des manifestations et des résistances de la part de plusieurs acteurs/actrices de la société, notamment féministes, engagés pour la défense et l’extension des droits des femmes, en conformité avec l’héritage de Habib Bourguiba et en invoquant le credo de la révolution pour l’égalité, la liberté et la dignité. L’argument de l’article se base sur des observations effectuées principalement pendant les quatre premières années de la Révolution et sur un retour réflexif sur les périodes qui l’ont précédée.
Què és la “filosofia del cinema”? Una panoràmica sobre l’estat de la qüestió
Authors: Ruiz Moscardó Javier 
Published: May 2018

What Is the “Philosophy of Film”? An Overview of the State of the Art

Resum: En la primera secció d’aquest article traçarem un “estat de la qüestió” del camp d’estudis conegut com a “filosofia del cinema”, amb especial interès en la seua gènesi. Seguirem, en conseqüència, el recorregut del debat meta-teòric que ha determinat els successius canvis de paradigma, centrant els tres moments que han marcat l’evolució dels estudis filosòfics sobre el cinema des dels inicis de la teoria clàssica fins al fragmentat panorama dels nostres dies. En la segona secció exposarem la discussió al voltant de la qüestió del “cinema-com-a-filosofia” (“film as philosophy”), un tòpic recent que ha abordat les possibilitats del cinema com si fóra un autèntic agent filosòfic capaç d’elaborar un tipus de pensament a l’altura de la mateixa filosofia. Aquesta perspectiva ha estat popularitzada en la seua forma actual per Stephen Mulhall, per la qual cosa ens basarem en la seua proposta com a mode de tematitzar la discussió i presentar les seues diferents varietats.
Paraules clau: teoria del cinema; filosofia del cinema; metafilosofia; cinema-com-a-filosofia cognitivisme; Stephen Mulhall; Noël Carroll.

Abstract: In the first section of this paper we will draw a state of the art from the field of studies known as philosophy of film, with a special interest in its origin. In order to do this, we will follow the course of the meta-theorical debate, which has determined the successive paradigm changes, focusing on the three key moments that have marked the evolution of philosophical studies about the cinema, from the beginnings of the classical theory to the nowadays fragmented panorama. In the second section we will discuss the issue of film as philosophy, a recent topic that has presented cinema as a true philosophical agent, introducing such a high complexity thinking capable to match that of philosophy itself. This perspective has been popularized in its current form by Stephen Mulhall, which is the reason why we will use his proposal to thematise the discussion and present its different varieties.
Keywords: Theory of Film; Philosophy of Film; Metaphilosophy; fillm-as-philosophy; Stephen Mulhall; Noël Carroll.
Sinopsis de "El libre albedrío. Un estudio filosófico"
Authors: Moya Carlos 
Published: May 2018

Précis of El libre albedrío. Un estudio filosófico

En este libro nos hemos planteado varios objetivos. En primer lugar, ofrecer al lector una guía o mapa que le oriente en el complejo territorio del debate sobre el libre albedrío. En segundo lugar, abogar por una determinada concepción del libre albedrío, a saber, el libertarismo, frente a otras posibles, en especial el compatibilismo. En tercer lugar, defender la existencia del libre albedrío frente a diversos desafíos, de tipos también diversos, que la ponen en cuestión.
Biomineralization at Titanium Revealed by Correlative 4D Tomographic and Spectroscopic Methods
Authors: Wang Xiaoyue , Langelier Brian , Shah Furqan A. , Korinek Andreas , Bugnet Matthieu , Hitchcock Adam P. , Palmquist Anders , Grandfield Kathryn 
Published: May 2018

AbstractAt an implant biointerface, where an engineered material merges into a biological environment, complex biophysicochemical interactions occur. One typical biointerface is the bond between human bone and dental or orthopedic implants, which is based on the biomineralization of essential bone components such as hydroxyapatite, at the implant surface. However, the exact bonding mechanism between bone and implants is still unclear. The distribution of both the mineralized and organic components of bone at the interface, and their origins, requires improved characterization. Here, the first correlative characterization is reported using multiple‐length‐scale tomography and spectroscopy techniques to probe the chemical structure of the biointerface between human bone and commercial titanium dental implant down to the atomic scale in four dimensions (4D). The existence of an intervening transition zone bonding mature bone tissue is demonstrated to implant at multiple length scales, where the phase of bone mineral differs immediately adjacent to the implant and atomic‐scale osseointegration is confirmed. The correlative 4D electron energy loss spectroscopy tomography and atom probe tomography workflow established herein is transferable to other applications in materials or biological sciences.
High Performance, Biocompatible Dielectric Thin‐Film Optical Filters Integrated with Flexible Substrates and Microscale Optoelectronic Devices
Authors: Liu Changbo , Zhang Qianyi , Wang Dan , Zhao Guanlei , Cai Xue , Li Lizhu , Ding He , Zhang Kaiyuan , Wang Huachun , Kong Deying , Yin Lan , Liu Lei , Zou Guisheng , Zhao Lingyun , Sheng Xing 
Published: May 2018

AbstractMiniaturized, wearable, and implantable optoelectronic devices and systems provide incomparable opportunities for applications in biomedical fields. Optical filters with wavelength selective reflective/transmissive responses that can be integrated onto these biointegrated platforms are critically important for high performance operation. Here, high quality, dielectric thin‐film optical filters on unconventional substrates via transfer printing are reported. Designed filters formed on flexible substrates exhibit highly spectral selective transmission and reflection, with the maximum optical density at stop band reaching 6. Additionally, freestanding filter membranes are combined with microscale optoelectronic devices, achieving enhanced emission intensity for light‐emitting diodes and spectral sensitivity for photovoltaic detectors. Finally, their in vitro cytotoxicity is evaluated within cell culture, and in vivo biocompatibility is supported in living animals. The presented results offer viable routes to high performance optical components for advanced biointegrated optoelectronic systems.
Giant Electrostrictive Responses and Temperature Insensitive Strain in Barium Titanate‐Based Ceramics
Authors: Huang Yanli , Zhao Chunlin , Wu Jiagang 
Published: May 2018

AbstractHere, a large electrostrictive response and temperature‐insensitive strain in BaTiO3 ceramics are realized by introducing (M0.5N0.5)TiO3 (M = K/Na/Li, N = rare earth elements). Temperature (25–130 °C) insensitivity of the giant electrostrictive coefficient (Q
33 = 0.05–0.07 m4 C−2) is observed in BT‐(Li, Ho/Y/Yb)T ceramics, which is almost twice larger than those of other classical ferroelectric ceramics. In addition, the overall variation of the strain value in 0.95BaTiO3–0.05(Li0.5Ho0.5)TiO3 [BT‐(Li, Ho)T] ceramics is less than 5% in the temperature range of room temperature to 130 °C, which is obviously superior to the reported results. It is also found that the Curie temperature of this work can be increased up to 130–145 °C by optimizing the compositions. It is believed that the temperature‐insensitive strain and giant electrostrictive effect can promote the development of lead‐free BaTiO3 ceramics.
Julius Sachs (1868): The father of plant physiology
Authors: Kutschera Ulrich , Niklas Karl J. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe year 2018 marks the 150th anniversary of the first publication of Julius von Sachs' (1832–1897) Lehrbuch der Botanik (Textbook of Botany), which provided a comprehensive summary of what was then known about the plant sciences. Three years earlier, in 1865, Sachs produced the equally impressive Handbuch der Experimental‐Physiologie der Pflanzen (Handbook of Experimental Plant Physiology), which summarized the state of knowledge in all aspects of the discipline known today as plant physiology. Both of these books provided numerous insights based on Sachs' seminal experiments. By virtue of a reliance on detailed empirical observation and the rigorous application of chemical and physical principles, it is fair to say that the publication of these two monumental works marked the beginning of what can be called “modern‐day” plant science. Moreover, Sachs' Lehrbuch der Botanik prefigured the ascendance of plant molecular biology and the systems biology of photoautotrophic organisms. Regrettably, many of the insights of this great scientist have been forgotten by the generations who followed. It is only fitting, therefore, that the anniversary of the publication of the Lehrbuch der Botanik and the career of “the father of plant physiology” should be honored and reviewed, particularly because Sachs established the physiology of green organisms as an integral branch of botany and incorporated a Darwinian perspective into plant biology. Here we highlight key insights, with particular emphasis on Sachs' detailed discussion of sexual reproduction at the cellular level and his endorsement of Darwinian evolution.
Target sequence capture of nuclear‐encoded genes for phylogenetic analysis in ferns
Authors: Wolf Paul G. , Robison Tanner A. , Johnson Matthew G. , Sundue Michael A. , Testo Weston L. , Rothfels Carl J. 
Published: May 2018

Premise of the StudyUntil recently, most phylogenetic studies of ferns were based on chloroplast genes. Evolutionary inferences based on these data can be incomplete because the characters are from a single linkage group and are uniparentally inherited. These limitations are particularly acute in studies of hybridization, which is prevalent in ferns; fern hybrids are common and ferns are able to hybridize across highly diverged lineages, up to 60 million years since divergence in one documented case. However, it not yet clear what effect such hybridization has on fern evolution, in part due to a paucity of available biparentally inherited (nuclear‐encoded) markers.MethodsWe designed oligonucleotide baits to capture 25 targeted, low‐copy nuclear markers from a sample of 24 species spanning extant fern diversity.ResultsMost loci were successfully sequenced from most accessions. Although the baits were designed from exon (transcript) data, we successfully captured intron sequences that should be useful for more focused phylogenetic studies. We present phylogenetic analyses of the new target sequence capture data and integrate these into a previous transcript‐based data set.DiscussionWe make our bait sequences available to the community as a resource for further studies of fern phylogeny.
Synthesis of Black Phosphorus Quantum Dots with High Quantum Yield by Pulsed Laser Ablation for Cell Bioimaging
Authors: Ren Xin , Zhang Fang , Zhang Xiaoling 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBlack phosphorus quantum dots (BPQDs), with an average diameter of about 6 nm and a height of about 1.1 nm, are successfully synthesized by means of a pulsed laser ablation (PLA) method in isopropyl ether (IPE) solvent. The photoluminescence PL quantum yield of the as‐prepared sample is as high as 20.7 %, which is 3 times that of BPQDs prepared by means of probe ultrasonic exfoliation (approximately 7.2 %). The stable and blue–violet PL emission of the BPQDs is observed. It can be elucidated that electrons transit from the LUMO energy level to the HOMO energy level, as well as energy levels below the HOMO (H1 and H2). In addition, BPQDs are also utilized in bioimaging in HeLa cells, showing an intense and stable PL signal and excellent biocompatibility. Hence, this work indicates that the obtained BPQDs with high quantum yield and stable PL emission have great potential for biomedical applications, including biolabeling, bioimaging, and drug delivery.
Ultrafine MoP Nanoparticles Well Embedded in Carbon Nanosheets as Electrocatalyst with High Active Site Density for Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Lan Kai , Wang Xiang , Yang Haidong , Iqbal Kanwal , Zhu Yan , Jiang Pengbo , Tang Yu , Yang Yuanyuan , Gao Wenbin , Li Rong 
Published: May 2018

AbstractElectrocatalysis of the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is a promising route for sustainable hydrogen production based on water splitting. Designing MoP nanoparticles as catalysts is a feasible strategy to enhance the electrocatalytic performance for HER. In response, we report the fabrication of ultrafine MoP nanoparticles (NPs) which are uniformly embedded on glucose‐derived phosphorus and nitrogen co‐doped carbon nanosheets (MoP/NPG) as an effective electrocatalyst for HER via a novel and simple solid‐state reaction. Transmission electron microscopy reveals that the resulting product exhibits an average size of 3.15 nm. Due to the presence of exposed active sites in ultrafine MoP NPs and the laminar structure of carbon nanosheets, the MoP/NPS shows remarkable high catalytic activity having a low overpotential of 90 and 115 mV to achieve the current density of 10 mA cm−2 in both, acidic and alkaline media, which demonstrates the promising potential for an application in sustainable energy production.
Amino Acid Based Self‐assembled Nanostructures: Complex Structures from Remarkably Simple Building Blocks
Authors: Chakraborty Priyadarshi , Gazit Ehud 
Published: May 2018

AbstractAmino acids are the simplest biological building blocks capable of forming discreet nanostructures by supramolecular self‐assembly. The understanding of the process of organization of amino acid nanostructures is of fundamental importance for the study of metabolic diseases as well as for materials science applications. Although peptide self‐assembled structures have been the topic of many review articles, much less attention has been devoted to the ability of amino acid building blocks, both natural and synthetic, to form ordered assemblies with defined architectures and notable physical properties, by the process of self‐association. Herein, we try to shed light on amino acid based nanostructures, their fabrication and implications. We discuss self‐assembled nanostructures, including hydrogels with nano‐scale order, obtained from both modified and unmodified single amino acids. We also envision some future prospects in this emerging field.
Human Intestinal Enteroids for the Study of Bacterial Adherence, Invasion, and Translocation
Authors: Poole Nina M. , Rajan Anubama , Maresso Anthony W. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractAdherence, invasion, and translocation to and through the intestinal epithelium are important drivers of disease for many enteric bacteria. However, most work has been limited to transformed intestinal cell lines or murine models that often do not faithfully recapitulate key elements associated with human disease. The recent technological advances in organotypic tissue and cell culture are providing unparalleled access to systems with human physiology and complexity. Human intestinal enteroids (HIEs), derived from patient biopsy or surgical specimens of intestinal tissues, are organotypic cultures now being adapted to the study of enteric infections. HIEs are comprised of the dominant cell types of the human gastrointestinal epithelium, can be grown in two‐ or three‐dimensional structures, form a crypt–villus axis with defined apical and basolateral compartments, and undergo physiologic responses to many different stimuli. Here, we describe a series of protocols that encompass the use of human enteroids for the measurement of the adherence, invasion, and translocation of E. coli to and through the intestinal epithelium. We also outline the steps needed to grow and prepare enteroids for this purpose and highlight some common problems to troubleshoot. © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Fully parameterized fixed‐order controller design for H∞ loop shaping method using frequency responses—extension to MIMO systems
Authors: Usami Tomohiro , Yubai Kazuhiro , Yashiro Daisuke , Komada Satoshi 
Published: May 2018

AbstractRobust control is often applied to systems with uncertainties and disturbances. Above all, the H∞ loop shaping method is known to achieve good control performance and robustness. In this method, the final controller consists of weighting functions and a stabilizing controller. The stabilizing controller is derived for the shaped plant to suppress the H∞ norm of the transfer matrix consisting of a sensitivity function, a complementary sensitivity function, and so on. In addition, the stabilizing controller improves robust stability margin while keeping gain characteristic of the shaped plant if weighting functions are suitable. As a result, the closed‐loop system is well‐balanced between good tracking and robustness. However, a final controller tends to be high‐order. For this problem, reduction techniques are often applied to the final controller. In this case, performance and stability is not always adequately evaluated due to errors by the controller reduction. This paper proposes a fully parameterized fixed‐order controller design method using frequency responses of the plant. We formulate a design problem for multi‐input–multi‐output systems as an optimization problem. Therefore, we can directly design a low‐order controller from frequency responses using the iterative LMI optimization. Accordingly, we can avoid to deteriorate the evaluation of performance and stability.
Phosphonated Lipids as Primary Plasticizers for PVC with Improved Flame Retardancy
Authors: Bocqué Maeva , Lapinte Vincent , Courault Valérie , Couve Joel , Cassagnau Philippe , Robin Jean‐Jacques 
Published: May 2018

Bio‐based plasticizers bearing moieties exhibiting flame retardancy properties [dimethyl (methyl oleate)phosphonate (PMO), diethyl (methyl oleate)phosphonate (PMO2), dimethyl (methyl linoleate)phosphonate (PML), dimethyl (dimethyl oleate)phosphonate (PDE)] are synthesized from methyl oleate, methyl linoleate, and oleic diacid through free‐radical addition of dialkyl phosphonates. Soft PVC is prepared from PMO, PMO2, PML, and PDE primary plasticizers and compared to materials containing usual diisononyl phthalate DINP. Rheological behavior, thermal stability, mechanical properties, and flame resistance performances of these PVC films are carefully investigated. The presence of the phosphonate group into the plasticizer structure explains the best thermal stability of the PVC films based on phosphonated plasticizer than that of based on DINP. Regarding all these results, PMO and PDE can be considered as efficient flame retardant primary plasticizers for PVC and can substitute phthalates in soft PVC based materials.Practical Applications: These biobased additives are elaborated as plasticizers for PVC improving flame retardancy.Lipids were investigated as additives for polymeric materials. Looking at replacing phthalates in soft PVC formulations, phosphonated lipids demonstrate both a flame‐retardant efficiency and plasticizing properties (mechanical properties, gelation temperature) for this polymer.
Defective Bi2WO6‐Supported Cu Nanoparticles as Efficient and Stable Photoelectrocatalytic for Water Splitting in Near‐Neutral Media
Authors: Li Junqi , Liang Zheng , Qin Yi , Guo Liu , Lei Nan , Song Qianqian 
Published: May 2018

AbstractDefective Bi2WO6‐supported Cu nanoparticles photoelectrocatalyst were successfully synthesized via an etching approach by using NaBH4 as reducing agent. The as‐prepared Cu/Bi2WO6‐1 was dominated by CuO and Cu and Cu/Bi2WO6‐2 was dominated by metallic Cu, confirmed by XPS and TEM analyses. These etching pretreatments also induced the formation of defect sites such as oxygen vacancies and W5+. The presence of oxygen vacancies could significantly increase the photogenerated electrons capture abilities. Metallic Cu nanocrystals on the surface of Bi2WO6 photoanodes are beneficial for the photoresponse range as well as the separation and consumption of photogenerated carriers due to the surface plasmon resonance effect of Cu. Photoelectrochemical studies demonstrated that Cu/Bi2WO6‐x exhibited a markedly improved PEC performance in water splitting reaction as compared to that of Bi2WO6 which mainly because of the light harvesting efficiency (ηabs) and the interfacial charge transfer efficiency. Importantly, Cu/Bi2WO6‐2 exhibited the best PEC activity with a high current density and good stability under neutral conditions, which may be ascribed to the defective Bi2WO6 structure in combination with surface ligand engineering and the synergistic effect of oxygen vacancies and metallic Cu. In addition, the function mechanism of CuO, metallic Cu and oxygen vacancies were discussed in details.
Risk factors associated with preterm delivery and low delivery weight among HIV‐exposed neonates in China
Authors: Wang Liming , Zhao Hongxin , Cai Weiping , Tao Jie , Zhao Qingxia , Sun Lijun , Fan Qingbo , Kourtis Athena P. , Shepard Colin , Zhang Fujie 
Published: May 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the relationship between combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) and preterm delivery (PTD) or low delivery weight among pregnant Chinese women with HIV.MethodsThe present retrospective cross‐sectional medical chart review enrolled pregnant women with HIV who delivered at five tertiary hospitals in China between January 1, 2009, and December 31, 2014. Generalized linear mixed modeling was used to explore PTD (<37 weeks of pregnancy) and low delivery weight (<2500 g) risk factors.ResultsAmong 731 mother–neonate pairs, 93 (12.7%) mothers had PTD and 133 (18.2%) neonates had low delivery weight. Use of cART pre‐conception or its initiation in the first trimester was associated with PTD (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.82; P=0.002) and low delivery weight (aOR 1.92; P=0.026). First‐trimester cART initiation was associated with PTD for lopinavir/ritonavir (aOR 2.59; P=0.006) and nevirapine (aOR, 2.64; P=0.003) regimens compared with later; the same was not true for efavirenz‐based cART (P=0.197). Low maternal body mass index (≤23.5) before delivery was independently associated with an increased likelihood of low delivery weight (aOR 1.60; P=0.038) but not PTD.ConclusionEarly use of cART was associated with increased likelihood of PTD and low delivery weight. Efavirenz‐based cART appeared to be favorable for women with HIV regardless of the timing of cART initiation. Good nutritional status is essential to prevent low delivery weight.