bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Local Proton‐Mediated Synthesis of a High‐Entropy Borate Library
Authors: Liu Da , Guo Peifang , Wang Qiangqiang , Ding Xingyu , He Yufei , Zhou Jin , Sun Dalin , Pan Hongge , Wu Renbing 
Published: December 2024

AbstractHigh‐entropy compounds (HECs) provide extensive possibilities for exploring distinctive properties and potential applications. However, most HECs reported so far are synthesized by an arduous high‐temperature treatment and special equipment, which is clearly not scalable for practical application. Here a scalable room‐temperature solution synthetic strategy is reported for a library of high‐entropy borates with arbitrary metal component numbers from 5 to 12 up to 3302 kinds in total and more than a hundred grams per operation within one minute. In conjunction with theoretical and in situ investigations, it is uncovered that the highly local concentration of protons at ethanol/aqueous interface is favorable to the creation of a stable thermodynamic microenvironment and a desirable kinetic miscibility reservoir, thus enabling a formation of single‐phase borates. With the FeCoNiMoCu high‐entropy borate, it is further shows that it functions as a highly active catalyst for catalytic oxygen evolution reaction. The work opens up opportunities for the scalable synthesis of HECs for energy storage and conversion applications.
Cost‐Effective Synthesis of Fe5C2 Catalyst From Nanosized Zero‐Valent Iron to Achieve Efficient Photothermocatalytic CO Hydrogenation to Light Olefins
Authors: Xu Yuqing , Li Yuan , Li Ruizhe , Xu Hua , Ouyang Shuxin , Yuan Hong 
Published: December 2024

AbstractFe‐based catalysts are commonly applied in the process of Fischer−Tropsch synthesis (FTS) to olefins, with Hägg iron carbide (Fe5C2) recognized as the primary active phase. However, iron carbonyls, the raw materials for wet chemical synthesis of Fe5C2, are expensive and toxic, which limits large‐scale preparation. Here, a cost‐effective and versatile method is proposed for the synthesis of Fe5C2 nanoparticles (NPs) with nanosized zero‐valent iron (abbreviated as NZVI, prepared by reducing iron salts or ball‐milling iron powder) instead of iron carbonyls, achieving a cost reduction of 76.8%. Experimental characterizations revealed that NZVI obtained from the reduction of iron salts can catalyze the cracking of octadecylamine to form a carbonized atmosphere, thus realizing the phase transition of Fe into Fe5C2. The optimized Fe5C2 catalyst is employed in the photothermocatalytic FTS process, achieving a light olefins selectivity of 54.2% in hydrocarbons, with a CO conversion of 24.3%. Furthermore, it is proved that the particle size and surface oxide state of NZVI can impact the synthesis of Fe5C2. This study demonstrates a cost‐effective method for the large‐scale preparation of the Fe5C2 catalyst.
CeO2−δ as Electron Donor in Co0.07Ce0.93O2−δ Solid Solution Boosts Alkaline Water Splitting
Authors: Su Gege , Hou Yichao , Yin Jie , Yang Jiayi , Li Zhenglong , Du Xin , Zhang Xin , Xi Pinxian , Yan Chun‐Hua 
Published: December 2024

AbstractOptimizing the electronic structure with increasing intrinsic stability is a usual method to enhance the catalysts’ performance. Herein, a series of cerium dioxide (CeO2−δ) based solid solution materials is synthesized via substituting Ce atoms with transition metal (Co, Cu, Ni, etc.), in which Co0.07Ce0.93O2−δ shows optimized band structure because of electron transition in the reaction, namely Co3+ (3d64s0) + Ce3+ (4f15d 06s0) → Co2+ (3d74s0) + Ce4+ (4f05d06s0), with more stable electronic configuration. The in situ Raman spectra show a stable F2g peak at ≈452 cm−1 of Co0.07Ce0.93O2−δ, while the F2g peak in CeO2−δ almost disappeared during HER progress, demonstrating the charge distribution of *H adsorbed on Co0.07Ce0.93O2−δ is more stable than *H adsorbed on CeO2−δ. Density functional theory calculations reveal that Co0.07Ce0.93O2−δ solid solution increases protonation capacity and favors for formation of *H in alkaline media. General guidelines are formulated for optimizing adsorption capacity and the volcano plot demonstrates the excellent catalytic performance of Co0.07Ce0.93O2−δ solid solution. The alkaline anion exchange membrane water electrolysis based on Co0.07Ce0.93O2−δ/NiFe LDH realizes a current density of 1000 mA cm−2 at ≈1.86 V in alkaline seawater at 80 °C and exhibits long‐term stability for 450 h.
Spatial Confinement Effect of Mineral‐Based Colloid Electrolyte Enables Stable Interface Reaction for Aqueous Zinc–Manganese Batteries
Authors: Zhou Chuancong , Xu Zhenming , Nan Qing , Zhang Jie , Gao Yating , Li Fulong , Zhao Zaowen , Xing Zhenyue , Li Jing , Rao Peng , Kang Zhenye , Shi Xiaodong , Tian Xinlong 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe rational design of inorganic colloid electrolytes enables the manipulation of the solvation structure of Zn2+ ions and addresses zinc dendrite formation and manganese dissolution in aqueous zinc–manganese batteries. In this study, magnesium aluminosilicate (MAS) powder is used to fabricate a mineral‐based colloid electrolyte for Zn//α‐MnO2 batteries. According to theoretical calculations, MAS has a stronger binding energy with Zn2+/Mn2+ ions than with H2O molecules, suggesting the possibility of regulating the solvation structure of Zn2+/Mn2+ ions in a MAS–colloid electrolyte. Based on the experimental results, a high ionic conductivity, wide operating voltage, low activation energy barrier, and stable pH environment is achieved in the MAS–colloid electrolyte. As expected, long‐term cyclic stability can be maintained for 3500 h at 0.2 mA cm−2 in Zn//Zn cells, and high capacities of 255.5 and 239.8 mAh g−1 are retained at 0.2 and 0.5 A g−1 after 100 cycles in Zn//α‐MnO2 batteries, respectively. This performance is attributed to the spatial confinement effect of MAS on the active H2O molecules, which effectively reshapes the solvation structure of Zn2+ ions, guaranteeing reversible zinc deposition, suppressing active manganese dissolution, and ensuring stable interfacial reactions. This work will drive the development of mineral‐based electrolytes in zinc‐based batteries.
Advancing Aggregation‐Induced Emission‐Derived Biomaterials in Viral, Tuberculosis, and Fungal Infectious Diseases
Authors: Wang Wei , Wang Junjie , Hu Ziwei , Yan Xiaowei , Gao Qiuxia , Li Xiaoxue , Zheng Judun , Li Bin , Wu Yunxia , Liao Yuhui 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTContagious diseases caused by different types of highly contagious pathogens, such as SARS‐CoV‐2, monkeypox virus, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and human immunodeficiency virus, could trigger global outbreaks and bring a huge public health burden. Advanced diagnostic, therapeutic, and preventive strategies are urgently needed to deal with the epidemic of contagious diseases. Aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) has emerged as one of the promising candidates that exhibit tunable photophysical properties, high biocompatibility, exceptional photostability, and a distinguishing aggregation‐enhanced fluorescence. As a result, they offer effective strategies for the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of contagious diseases. This review systematically outlined the latest research progress of AIE‐based biomaterials and mechanisms in contagious diseases. The versatility of AIE molecules, as well as highly efficient fluorescence properties, has the potential to offer innovative strategies to combat these health challenges. Thanks to recent advances in materials science and a better understanding of aggregation‐induced emission luminogens (AIEgens), AIEgens have great potential to provide better solutions for the treatment, detection, and prevention of contagious diseases. By reviewing state‐of‐the‐art methods for the killing, detection, and prevention of contagious agents and highlighting promising technological developments, this outlook aims to promote the development of new means for the prevention and control of emerging, re‐emerging, and major contagious diseases as well as further research and development activities in this critical area of research.
The Association Between Depressive Symptoms and Waist Circumference Among Normal‐Weight Individuals in the Peruvian Population: A 3‐Year Pooled Cross‐Sectional Study
Authors: Saavedra‐Garcia Lorena , Moscoso‐Porras Miguel , Benites‐Castillo Ysabella , German‐Montejo Luis , Diaz‐Valencia Paula Andrea , Barengo Noël C. , von Harscher Heidi , Guerra Valencia Jamee 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionLimited information is available on the association between depressive symptoms and waist circumference (WC) in individuals with normal weight. This study aimed to analyze the association between depressive symptoms and WC among individuals aged 18 years or older with normal weight in the Peruvian population between 2019 and 2021.MethodsAnalytical cross‐sectional study. Data from the Peruvian Demographic and Health Survey (2019–2021) were analyzed. The sample consisted of 26 933 participants. The outcome variable was WC. The exposure variables included the overall Patient Health Questionnaire‐9 (PHQ‐9) score and severity of depressive symptoms. Generalized linear models of the Gaussian family estimated the effects with β coefficients for the associations between WC and depressive symptoms stratified by age and sex.ResultsA significant inverse association was observed between depressive symptoms and WC in young (< 35 years) individuals of both sexes. In young males, a dose–response relationship emerged, with greater severity of depressive symptoms associated with progressively lower WC. Specifically, inverse associations were found for moderate (β = −1.74, 95% CI: −3.25 to −0.23), moderately severe (β = −2.81, 95% CI: −4.71 to −0.91), and severe (β = −2.75, 95% CI: −5.11 to −0.40) depressive symptoms.ConclusionsAmong young individuals of both sexes with a normal weight, depressive symptoms were inversely associated with WC. These findings underscore the need for nuanced considerations of age and sex when exploring the interplay of depression and abdominal adiposity in individuals with normal weight.
Chemical Synthesis of ~1 nm Multilevel Capacitor‐like Particles with Atomic Precision
Authors: Zhou Yue , Chen Dong , Gu Wanmiao , Fan Wentao , Wang Runguo , Fang Liang , You Qing , Zhuang Shengli , Bian Guoqing , Liao Lingwen , Zhou Ziyan , Xia Nan , Yang Jun , Wu Zhikun 
Published: December 2024

AbstractCan the chemically synthesized nanoparticles act as nanodevices or nanomachines? Herein, we demonstrated this feasibility. A novel nanocluster (ultrasmall nanoparticle) [Au44Cd20(m‐MBT)40][N(C8H17)4]2 (Au44Cd20 in short, m‐MBTH: m‐methylbenzenethiol) obtained via developing a synthesis method has a cannula‐like structure of the outer shell and an internal sleeve, revealed by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. Natural population analysis (NPA) charge calculations, charge carrier transport of Au44Cd20 (during which an intra‐nanocluster anti‐galvanic reaction was observed) after unneutral charging using NaBH4 as well as voltammetry proved the capacitor‐like character of Au44Cd20. The subsidiary capacitor‐like character of the outer shell of Au44Cd20 was further probed via NPA charge calculations and electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 to CO. Thus, this study predicts a new era of engineering metal nanoparticles for realizing atomically precise ultrasmall nanodevices and nanomachines.
A Supramolecular Approach to Engineering Living Cells with Enzymes for Adaptive and Recyclable Cascade Synthesis
Authors: Wang Shan , Hübner René , Karring Henrik , Batista Vasco F. , Wu Changzhu 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBiocatalytic transformation in nature is inherently dynamic, spontaneous, and adaptive, enabling complex chemical synthesis and metabolism. These processes often involve supramolecular recognition among cells, enzymes, and biomacromolecules, far surpassing the capabilities of isolated cells and enzymes used in industrial synthesis. Inspired by nature, here we design a supramolecular approach to equip living cells with these capacities, enabling recyclable, efficient cascade reactions. Our two‐step “plug‐and‐play” methodology begins by coating Escherichia coli cells with guest‐containing polymers (SupraBAC) via supramolecular charge interactions, followed by the introduction of β‐cyclodextrin‐functionalized host enzymes through host‐guest chemistry, creating a robust cell‐enzyme complex. This supramolecular coating not only protects cells from various stresses, such as UV radiation, heat, and organic solvents, but also facilitates the overexpression of intracellular enzymes and the attachment of extracellular enzymes within and on SupraBAC. This combination results in efficient multienzyme cascade synthesis, enabling two‐ and three‐step reactions in one pot. Importantly, the multienzyme system can be recycled up to five times without significant loss of activity. Our findings introduce a versatile, adaptive supramolecular coating for whole‐cell catalysts, offering a sustainable and efficient solution for complex synthesis in both chemistry and industrial biotechnology.
Plant‐Made Vaccines Targeting Enteric Pathogens—Safe Alternatives for Vaccination in Developing Countries
Authors: Trujillo Edgar , Angulo Carlos 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTEnteric diseases by pathogenic organisms are one of the leading causes of death worldwide, particularly in low‐income countries. Despite antibiotics, access to clean water and vaccination are the most economically affordable options to prevent those infections and their health consequences. Vaccines, such as those approved for rotavirus and cholera, have played a key role in preventing several enteric diseases. However, vaccines for other pathogens are still in clinical trials. Distribution and cost remain significant barriers to vaccine access in developing regions due to poor healthcare infrastructure, cold‐chain requirements, and high production costs. Plant‐made vaccines offer a promising alternative to address these challenges. Plants can be easily grown, lowering production costs, and can be administered in oral forms, potentially eliminating cold‐chain dependency. Although there are some promising prototypes of vaccines produced in plants, challenges remain, including yields and achieving sufficient immunogenicity. This review aims to describe common enteric pathogens and available vaccines, followed by a strategic summary of plant‐made vaccine development and a discussion of plant‐made enteric vaccine prototypes. Trends to overcome the key challenges for plant‐made vaccines are identified and placed in perspective for the development of affordable and effective vaccines for populations at the highest risk of enteric diseases.
Significant Enhancement Catalytic Activity of Nitrile Hydratase by Balancing the Subunits Expression
Authors: Guo Yi , Li Jiaxin , Zhang Song , Song Yingjie , Chen Guobing , He Leiyu , Wang Li , Liang Changhai 
Published: December 2024

AbstractEscherichia coli (E. coli) is the most commonly used bacterial recombinant protein production system due to its easy genetic modification properties. In our previous study, a recombinant plasmid expressing the Fe‐type nitrile hydratase derived from Rhodococcus erythropolis CCM2595 (ReNHase) was successfully constructed and the recombinant ReNHase exerted an excellent catalytic effect on dinitrile compounds. Nevertheless, the ReNHases were confronted with imbalanced subunit expression during heterologous expression, which restricted the enzymes assemble functionally. In this study, the secondary structure of mRNA in the ribosome binding sequence region of the β‐subunit was optimized to elevate the translation efficiency of the β‐subunit gene and balance the expression of α‐ and β‐subunits in ReNHase. The optimized ReNHase showed a 12‐fold increase in specific enzyme activity over wild‐type ReNHase. To further enhance the soluble expression of ReNHase, the ReNHase was labeled using three different fusion tags, resulting in three new recombinant ReNHases. In these recombinant ReNHases, some of the fusion tags promoted the soluble expression of ReNHase, but also affected the balance of α‐/β‐subunit expression and the secondary structure of the ReNHase, and reduced the enzyme activity. In conclusion, our results provide an optimized strategy for the heterologous expression of multi‐subunit proteins.
The potential role of the SIRT1‐Nrf2 signaling pathway in alleviating hidden hearing loss via antioxidant stress
Authors: Zheng Zeyu , Zhang Peng , Fu Yang , Jiang Yihong , Zhu Jing , Wang Fei , Li Shaoheng , Zhang Zhuoru , Chang Tong , Li Tian , Zhang Min , Ruan Bai , Wang Xiaocheng 
Published: December 2024

AbstractHidden hearing loss (HHL) is characterized by normal audiometric thresholds but impaired auditory function, particularly in noisy environments. In vivo, we employed auditory brainstem response (ABR) testing and ribbon synapses counting to assess changes in mouse hearing function, and observed the morphology of hair cells through scanning electron microscopy. SRT1720 was administered to the cochlea via round window injection. In vitro, western blot analysis and RT‐qPCR were used, and Lenti‐shNrf2 was used to knockdown Nrf2 expression. In addition, various oxidative stress indicators were detected by immunofluorescence, kit‐based assays, and flow cytometry. ABR measurement of HHL mouse showed a significant increase in hearing threshold, as well as a decrease and delay in the I wave amplitude and latency on the first day after noise exposure. Histological observation showed a significant loss of ribbon synapses and stereocilia lodging. HHL mice exhibited oxidative stress, which was reduced by pretreatment with SRT1720. Additionally, SRT1720 could reduce hydrogen peroxide‐induced oxidative stress in HEI‐OC1 cells through activating the SIRT1/Nrf2 pathway. Subsequent experiments with Nrf2 knockdown confirmed the importance of this pathway. findings highlight oxidative stress as the primary contributor to HHL, with the SIRT1/Nrf2 signaling pathway emerging as a promising therapeutic target for alleviating HHL.
Transcatheter Pulmonary Flow Restrictors: Current Trends and Future Perspectives
Authors: Malakan Rad Elaheh , Hijazi Ziyad M. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundTranscatheter Pulmonary Flow Restrictors (TPFRs) represent a significant advancement in managing pulmonary blood flow for congenital heart disease patients. However, there is a paucity of comprehensive studies addressing the diversity of these devices and identifying their critical features.AimsThis review aims to consolidate the existing knowledge on TPFRs, pinpoint crucial design and development aspects, identify gaps in current practices, and spotlight directions for future research and advancement.MethodsAn exhaustive search was conducted across multiple databases, using specific search terms related to transcatheter and percutaneous pulmonary artery banding.ResultsBetween 2005 and 2024, 82 patients were reported to have received TPFR implants, including fenestrated atrial septal defect occluders, diabolo‐shaped stents, and MVP™ Micro Vascular Plug with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membranes partially removed. Microvascular plugs were the most commonly used and the most successful devices. However, the primary complications and challenges associated with MVPs included pulmonary overflow, unprotected flow to the right upper lobe, difficulty in creating an appropriately sized fenestration, the need for device replacement due to incorrect sizing, distal migration into the right pulmonary artery, left pulmonary artery stenosis, partial device collapse, thrombosis, jailing of the right upper lobe, potential injury to the pulmonary arterial wall, as well as device fracture and infection. TPFRs can be categorized based on the duration they are designed to remain within the pulmonary artery. Strategies should be devised to enable the device's easy removal without harming the pulmonary arterial wall while also preventing embolization. The ideal device should minimize migration, embolization, thrombosis, inflammation, and endothelialization risks. It should also prevent peri‐device flow and adapt to the growth of the pulmonary artery, ensuring long‐term efficacy and safety.ConclusionThe long‐term outcomes and the potential for employing biodegradable and smart biomaterials remain areas for further investigation. Successful development of these devices requires a collaborative effort among biomaterial engineers, device developers, and interventional cardiologists.
An Unusual Case of Girl With Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Later Diagnosed With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Diagnostic Challenges in Pediatric Rheumatology
Authors: Karaja Saja , Halloum Mai , Sheikh Taha Joudy , Qatza Ayham , Alsayadi Ahmad , Al Mansour Ghofran , Abokurshah Muhannad 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis case report underscores the diagnostic challenges in autoimmune diseases, particularly when initial diagnoses are uncertain. A patient initially diagnosed with juvenile Idiopathic arthritis experienced relapse, revealing systemic lupus erythematosus. This highlights the need for ongoing vigilance and careful consideration of alternative diagnoses, even in patients with seemingly clear initial presentations.
Early Hints of Metagenome Next‐Generation Sequencing and Copy Number Variations Analysis: An Occult Case of Leptomeningeal Metastasis With Rapid Cognitive Decline
Authors: Chen Xueqin , Zheng Haotao , Wang Taoli , Feng Ziyang , Wang Jia , Liu Yangsicheng , Qin Wenxin , Kong Fanxin , Qin Xiude 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTEarly detection and treatment are critical for improving the prognosis of patients with leptomeningeal metastasis. However, heterogeneous clinical manifestations, non‐specific imaging, and limited sensitivity of cerebrospinal fluid cytology posed challenges to identifying leptomeningeal metastasis in the early stage. Here we reported a case of lung adenocarcinoma complaining of rapid cognitive decline, whose magnetic resonance imaging showed interstitial brain edema. Under the circumstances of negative cerebrospinal fluid cytology, metagenome next‐generation sequencing and copy number variations analysis were applied, which indicated leptomeningeal metastasis and was confirmed in the subsequent cytology.
Microkinetic Modelling of the Heterogeneously Catalyzed Hydrogenation of Glycolic Acid over Ru/C
Authors: Harth Florian M. , Kojčinović Aleksa , Likozar Blaž , Gläser Roger , Huš Matej , Goepel Michael , Grilc Miha 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe heterogeneously catalyzed hydrogenation of biomass‐ or CO2‐derived glycolic acid (GA) is a renewable pathway for obtaining the bulk chemical ethylene glycol (EG). In this study, the reaction network of the aqueous‐phase hydrogenation of GA is investigated over a Ru/C catalyst. Beside this target reaction, both undesired parallel reactions (such as the hydrogenation of GA to acetic acid (AcA)) and unwanted consecutive reactions (such as over‐hydrogenation) can occur. These reactions are experimentally assessed by employing different (possible) reaction intermediates and products (EG, AcA, glycolaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and ethanol) as reactants. The data for all individual reactions as well as the overall GA hydrogenation at different reaction temperatures (120–180 °C) is combined to propose a catalytic reaction pathway network and to develop a corresponding microkinetic model. The kinetic model describes the catalytic data in the range up to 150 °C, where EG is the main reaction product, with high accuracy. It is shown that selectivity for EG is highest at 120 °C (up to ca. 70%) and decreases strongly with increasing temperatures both due to the parallel reaction of GA into acetic acid (AcA), which has a significantly higher activation energy than the overall hydrogenation of GA into EG, and due to degradation of EG into ethanol and other volatile products. Temperatures exceeding 150 °C predominantly yield volatile products, suggesting low yields of EG or AcA at higher temperatures despite enhanced GA conversion.