bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A review of quality characteristics of solar dried food crop producst
Authors: Hii C L , Ong S P , Chiang C L , Menon AS 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Sun drying is perhaps one of the oldest methods of food preservation that has been practiced for centuries. The direct usage of solar radiation which is renewable and abundant favours farmers that harvest and process at small quantity. As technology advances, an alternative to sun drying evolves to maximize the potential of solar radiation and this technology is known as solar drying. Solar drying has several inherent advantages over sun drying namely faster drying rate, better protection of products, reduce risk of prolonged drying, lesser risk of product spoilage and improvement in product quality. Various studies have reported the application of solar drying for fruits, vegetables, grains, seeds, beans, herbs, spices and medicinal plants. Product quality improvement is definitely associated with solar dried products as compared to sun dried and to some extent oven/hot air dried products. However, uptake of this technology especially among farmers in developing countries are still low despite the many years of research and technology advancement. Nonetheless, some successful application of solar drying have been reported in countries such as Indonesia, Laos, Zimbabwe, Tanzania, Brazil, Uganda, Kenya and Senegal.
Determination of Quercetin and Rutin in Red Galangal Rhizomes (Alpinia purpurata) and White Galangal (Alpinia galanga) with High Performance Liquid Chromatography Method
Authors: Suzery M , Ningrum A N , Nudin B , Mulyani N S , Cahyono B 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Research of flavonoid determination (quercetin and rutin) in Alpinia purpurata and Alpinia galanga rhizomes using HPLC method has been conducted. This study aims to determine the qualitative and quantitative presence of rutin and quercetin compounds in Alpinia purpurata and Alpinia galanga rhizomes. Fractions of ethyl acetate and n-butanol have been obtained by TLC, followed by total flavonoid analysis with UV - Vis spectrophotometer method and quercetin and rutin determination with HPLC. The results obtained in this study are as follows: Total flavonoid from ethyl acetate fraction obtained is 46,48 mg EQ/gram in Alpinia purpurata and 70,60 mg EQ/gram in Alpinia galanga, and total flavonoid from nbutanol fraction obtained is 68,50 mg EQ/gram for Alpinia purpurata and 103,80 mg EQ/gram for Alpinia galanga. The ethyl acetate fraction of Alpinia purpurata detected quercetin content at 5469.64 mg / kg and rutin at 4955.59 mg / kg, while Alpinia galanga detected quercetin at 5764.10 mg / kg and rutin at 5327.93 mg / kg. From n-butanol fraction, quercetin are only detected at 6737.14 mg / kg in Alpini purpurata and 9098.74 mg / kg in Alpinia galanga. From these results, it can be concluded that HPLC method can be used to detect the presence of flavonoid quercetin and rutin in Alpinia purpurata and Alpinia galanga rhizomes.
Morphological characteristics, yield and quality of black pepper Ciinten variety in three agro ecological conditions
Authors: Bermawie N , Wahyuni S , Heryanto R , Darwati I 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Indonesia has long been known as one of the world major producers of black pepper. Bangka Belitung and Lampung provinces are the main black pepper production regions in Indonesia. In addition, West Java is also one of the pepper-producing regions. This research aims at observing the morphological characteristics, yield and quality of a local variety that has been grown in West Java. The observations were carried out in three agro ecological conditions Sukabumi, Purwakarta and Ciamis districts during two harvesting season at the age of 4 and 5 years on 5 plants/plot, repeated four times. For comparison, Petaling1 has been used but only in Purwakarta. The results showed that pepper Ciinten variety has broad-leaved, long spike, high number of fruits per spike, also big the size of berries. The production of green berries per vine 4.30 kg/tree, with levels of the essential oil, oleoresin and piperine are 2.79%, 12.71% and 4.73% respectively (white pepper), 2.74%, 15.98% and 4.34% respectively (black pepper). The percentage of fruit set is also high. To get the same unit of weight on Ciinten variety requires the number of spikes harvested 1/3 times (66) of Petaling 1 (189 spikes), making this variety more efficient in harvesting costs.
Fatty Acids Content of Yogurt Drink by Mangosteen Rind Extract (Garcinia mangostana L.)
Authors: Wibawanti J M W , Zulfanita  , Runanto D 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This research was aimed to study the content of fatty acid from yogurt drink by mangosteen rind extract. Completely Randomized Design (CRD) was throughout the research with different concentrations of mangosteen rind extract (0, 1, 2, and 3% (v/v). The results were differences on the yogurt drink product. The addition of mangosteen rind extract on yogurt drink of goat’s milk contains fatty acids both saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. The highest saturated fatty acids were observed on the of palmitic fatty acids, while the highest unsaturated fatty acids were found on the oleic acid. There were changes in the profiles of fatty acids during processing of fresh goat milk into yogurt drink by mangosteen rind extract.
Performance analyses of engine radiator system with capacity 1000 cc
Authors: Manik T U H S G , Zikri A , Irfandi R , Sitorus T B 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
A radiator is a significant component of a vehicle engine that is used as a cooling system, specifically a radiator of a car engine that serves to cool the water that has absorbed heat from the engine and then transferred to the air that flowed by the radiator fan. The purpose of this study is to analyze the performance of a heat exchanger of the radiator of the engine 1000 cc. Based on the result of the analysis, it was concluded that the largest total of the heat transfer coefficient occurred at the air flow rate of 125.8x10-3 m3/s, the air (cold) Uc = 71,48 W/m2K, and the waterside (heat) Uh = 353,32 W/m2K. The optimum air flow rate occurs at 125.8x10-3 m3/s. Addition, the total heat transfer coefficient is quite significant, and the effectiveness obtained is 69%. Under all circumstances, the experimental temperature of the radiator outlet air is lower ± 3°C than theoretically, while the temperature of the outlet air through the radiator lower ± 12°C.
The Analysis of Cost Drivers to Successful Implementation of Reverse Logistics System
Authors: Pulansari F 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This research project is officially started from research conducted by Pulansari et al., [1] on the Maturity Level of Reverse Logistics (RL) implementation. This research discussed some company’s claims that RL successfully implements in their company. However, no clear key performance indicators, parameters, or assessment method is provided to measure it. After the framework is arranged, we analyze the most cost drivers influencing the success of RL implementation. Finally, the research goal is how to minimize the Total Reverse Logistics Costs (TRLC) by considering the reverse cost drivers. The result shows TRLC is influenced by 52% from total transportation costs, 36% of total holding costs and 12% from others.
The experimental study and numerical of pipe finned as a earth-air heat exchangers
Authors: Pintoro A , Manik T U H S G , Sitorus T B , Sihombing E A 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Earth-Air Heat Exchanger (EAHE) is cooling hot air by utilizing cold soil temperatures. This research was conducted to determine the out temperature (Tout) on the pipe for each variation of the inlet temperature (Tin) and variety of the inlet fluid velocity. In this research, the comparison between the experimental results and the results of theoretical calculations. In this study the air velocity of entry was adjusted using blowers and for measurement of temperature in pipes using thermocouples. From the experimental results of out temperature (Tout) at the tube with air velocity of 1 m/s is relatively the same as the result of theoretical calculation, the temperature decrease reaches temperature of ± 25 C, while for out temperature (Tout) experimental result using air velocity of 3 m/s tends to be higher than the exit temperature (Tout) on the theoretical calculation, ie only reaches a temperature drop at a point of ± 26 °C. The decrease in temperature of the underground culverts affects the length of pipe used in the research because the more air passes the pipe surface air, the faster the heat transfer between the air and the pipe wall occurs.
Implementation of Lean Service to Reduce Lead Time and Non Value Added Activity in a Banking Institution
Authors: Hidayati J , Tarigan U P P , Tarigan U 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Along with the increasing needs of society that is consumptive, banking institutions are required to be able to meet the needs of the community through applications with a series of attributes inherent in service. One of them is credit service of motor vehicle ownership. But in its implementation, cancellation of credit becomes the main problem because it has lost the opportunity to get new customers. Lean Service is used to eliminate wasteful or non value-added activities from all credit application process so as to reduce Lead Time and non value added activity. After drawing the company’s condition with Value Stream Maping, activity classification showed that Value Added Activity was 42% while Non Value Added Activity was 58%. Therefore, identification of the root cause of the highest failure with Fishbone Diagram and FMEA with repeated verification activities as a result. This study recommends a new business process by reducing from 21 activities to 14 activitis and reducing processing time from 8 days to 4 days.
Diagnosing chicken diseases using fuzzy Tsukamoto web-based expert system
Authors: Sitanggang Delima , Sembiring Anita Christine , Tamba Saut Parsaoran , Purba Windania , Sihombing Volvo , Patricia Sonya , Budiman Irwan 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Chicken is one source of protein favored by the community. One of the benefits we can take on chicken is meat and eggs. But chicken disease becomes one of the problems that are very detrimental to chicken farmers. This was assessed because of the lack of knowledge of farmers in handling conditions that occur in chicken. Accurate information about handling chicken disease among farmers is still difficult to obtain. Therefore, it is necessary to design an expert system application in detecting diseases that are experienced by chickens based on the symptoms shown and how to handle them. The method used is fuzzy Tsukamoto as an inference engine to determine the disease based on its symptoms and use the PHP programming language in making applications and MySQL as its database. Based on the results of the diagnosis in the sample taken showed the results of the fuzzy Tsukamoto diagnosis were 97.97% (very good) with the type of disease: typhoid chicken based on the symptoms seen. The solution given is isolation of chickens that show symptoms and give disinfectant water, spray disinfectant, replace all water and feed, clean the entire cage, and destroy dead chickens.
Implementation of physical environment of sustainable tourism based on tourism village. Case study: Situngkir Village.
Authors: Ginting Nurlisa , Ferani  
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The development of the environmental element, which is a component of Sustainable Tourism, becomes a foundation in developing sustainable tourism in Toba Lake. Study of the application of environment’s physic is needed to keep the environment of Toba Lake well maintained so that it provides the needs of the present while ensuring the options still being preserved for future. Pangururan, the capital of Samosir Island, consists of several villages that can be developed into Tourism Village, one of which is the Situngkir village. The attraction which exist in Situngkir Village, Pasir Putih Situngkir, has the potential to increase the number of tourists traveling to the village. Meanwhile, the main cause of this beach being unvisited is because of the untreated condition. The purpose of this research is to develop environment-based Sustainable Tourism to increase the number of tourists and to maintain sustainability in the village. This research uses the mixed method, combining the elements of environment and tourism village followed by direct observations, questionnaires distribution, depth interviews with five key respondents, and interviewing stakeholders in the area. The result shows that there is a lack of public awareness of environmental hygiene that can affect the quality of tourist attractions, as well as lack of facilities to maintain the cleanliness of the environment. Therefore, it is necessary to educate the surrounding community about the importance of quality in a tourist attraction, the provision of adequate facilities, and the need of support from stakeholders in maintaining environmental sustainability in Pasir Putih Situngkir.
Impact Competence of Human Resources and Infrastructure in Logistic Performance Improvement
Authors: Melliana  , Sinulingga S , Nasution H , Matondang N 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Logistical problems are not only on human resource competencies, but are very influential on the available infrastructure that must be used by human resources. This problem often occurs inaccurate time in handling and distributing consumer requests such as problems in the demand process, problems in negotiations and purchases, delivery problems, problems in the process of receiving and storing goods. The purpose of tehe research is how the relationhip competence of human resources with infrastructure toward the performance of logistics. Data processing based on Structural Equesion Model. The results of the study have a positive effect on Human Resource Competency and infrastructure on Logistics Performance
Identification criteria and indicators of palm oil industrial liquid waste processing technology
Authors: Ishak Aulia , Bin Ali Amir Yazid 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Every year the development of the palm oil industry continuously. Crude palm oil (CPO) and palm kernel oil (PKO) are processed in the palm oil industry. Comparison of the amount of oil produced with the product produced is 30% of the raw material, so that 70% of the processed oil will be solid or liquid waste. The development of the palm oil industry then result in an increase in the amount of waste that will be produced. The amount of waste that will be produced by the oil palm industry if not handled properly and effectively will result in a significant damage to the environment which is dangerous. Oil palm industry activities that are processed starting from raw materials to producing finished products will disrupt the environment of people around the plant because of the waste and engine noise that occurs. There are many alternative technologies available to process the palm oil industry, the problem is that it is difficult to determine the right technology. This study can explain the application of various criteria analysis (MCA) in assessing indicators and criteria for palm oil waste that occur both solid and liquid in the palm oil industry. These methods are used when participatory decision making will be carried out by experts representing various stakeholders and professionals in their fields using their opinions and analysis and expert opinions in assessing various criteria and indicators (C & I).
Sex Matters: A Multivariate Pattern Analysis of Sex- and Gender-Related Neuroanatomical Differences in Cis- and Transgender Individuals Using Structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Baldinger-Melich Pia , Urquijo Castro Maria F , Seiger René , Ruef Anne , Dwyer Dominic B , Kranz Georg S , Klöbl Manfred , Kambeitz Joseph , Kaufmann Ulrike , Windischberger Christian , Kasper Siegfried , Falkai Peter , Lanzenberger Rupert , Koutsouleris Nikolaos 
Published: July 2019

AbstractUnivariate analyses of structural neuroimaging data have produced heterogeneous results regarding anatomical sex- and gender-related differences. The current study aimed at delineating and cross-validating brain volumetric surrogates of sex and gender by comparing the structural magnetic resonance imaging data of cis- and transgender subjects using multivariate pattern analysis. Gray matter (GM) tissue maps of 29 transgender men, 23 transgender women, 35 cisgender women, and 34 cisgender men were created using voxel-based morphometry and analyzed using support vector classification. Generalizability of the models was estimated using repeated nested cross-validation. For external validation, significant models were applied to hormone-treated transgender subjects (n = 32) and individuals diagnosed with depression (n = 27). Sex was identified with a balanced accuracy (BAC) of 82.6% (false discovery rate [pFDR] &lt; 0.001) in cisgender, but only with 67.5% (pFDR = 0.04) in transgender participants indicating differences in the neuroanatomical patterns associated with sex in transgender despite the major effect of sex on GM volume irrespective of the self-identification as a woman or man. Gender identity and gender incongruence could not be reliably identified (all pFDR &gt; 0.05). The neuroanatomical signature of sex in cisgender did not interact with depressive features (BAC = 74.7%) but was affected by hormone therapy when applied in transgender women (P &lt; 0.001).
Deregulating mitochondrial metabolite and ion transport has beneficial effects in yeast and human cellular models for NARP syndrome
Authors: Su Xin , Rak Malgorzata , Tetaud Emmanuel , Godard François , Sardin Elodie , Bouhier Marine , Gombeau Kewin , Caetano-Anollés Derek , Salin Bénédicte , Chen Huimei , di Rago Jean-Paul , Tribouillard-Tanvier Déborah 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe m.8993T&gt;G mutation of the mitochondrial MT-ATP6 gene has been associated with numerous cases of neuropathy, ataxia and retinitis pigmentosa and maternally inherited Leigh syndrome, which are diseases known to result from abnormalities affecting mitochondrial energy transduction. We previously reported that an equivalent point mutation severely compromised proton transport through the ATP synthase membrane domain (FO) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and reduced the content of cytochrome c oxidase (Complex IV or COX) by 80%. Herein, we report that overexpression of the mitochondrial oxodicarboxylate carrier (Odc1p) considerably increases Complex IV abundance and tricarboxylic acid-mediated substrate-level phosphorylation of ADP coupled to conversion of α-ketoglutarate into succinate in m.8993T&gt;G yeast. Consistently in m.8993T&gt;G yeast cells, the retrograde signaling pathway was found to be strongly induced in order to preserve α-ketoglutarate production; when Odc1p was overexpressed, this stress pathway returned to an almost basal activity. Similar beneficial effects were induced by a partial uncoupling of the mitochondrial membrane with the proton ionophore, cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone. This chemical considerably improved the glutamine-based, respiration-dependent growth of human cytoplasmic hybrid cells that are homoplasmic for the m.8993T&gt;G mutation. These findings shed light on the interdependence between ATP synthase and Complex IV biogenesis, which could lay the groundwork for the creation of nutritional or metabolic interventions for attenuating the effects of mtDNA mutations.
High-Throughput Segmentation of Tiled Biological Structures using Random-Walk Distance Transforms
Authors: Baum Daniel , Weaver James C , Zlotnikov Igor , Knötel David , Tomholt Lara , Dean Mason N 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Various 3D imaging techniques are routinely used to examine biological materials, the results of which are usually a stack of grayscale images. In order to quantify structural aspects of the biological materials, however, they must first be extracted from the dataset in a process called segmentation. If the individual structures to be extracted are in contact or very close to each other, distance-based segmentation methods utilizing the Euclidean distance transform are commonly employed. Major disadvantages of the Euclidean distance transform, however, are its susceptibility to noise (very common in biological data), which often leads to incorrect segmentations (i.e., poor separation of objects of interest), and its limitation of being only effective for roundish objects. In the present work, we propose an alternative distance transform method, the random-walk distance transform, and demonstrate its effectiveness in high-throughput segmentation of three microCT datasets of biological tilings (i.e., structures composed of a large number of similar repeating units). In contrast to the Euclidean distance transform, the random-walk approach represents the global, rather than the local, geometric character of the objects to be segmented and, thus, is less susceptible to noise. In addition, it is directly applicable to structures with anisotropic shape characteristics. Using three case studies—tessellated cartilage from a stingray, the dermal endoskeleton of a starfish, and the prismatic layer of a bivalve mollusc shell—we provide a typical workflow for the segmentation of tiled structures, describe core image processing concepts that are underused in biological research, and show that for each study system, large amounts of biologically-relevant data can be rapidly segmented, visualized, and analyzed.
Mitochondrial Ecophysiology: Assessing the Evolutionary Forces That Shape Mitochondrial Variation
Authors: McKenzie Jessica L , Chung Dillon J , Healy Timothy M , Brennan Reid S , Bryant Heather J , Whitehead Andrew , Schulte Patricia M 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe mitonuclear species concept hypothesizes that incompatibilities between interacting gene products of the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes are a major factor establishing and maintaining species boundaries. However, most of the data available to test this concept come from studies of genetic variation in mitochondrial DNA, and clines in the mitochondrial genome across contact zones can be produced by a variety of forces. Here, we show that using a combination of population genomic analyses of the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes and studies of mitochondrial function can provide insight into the relative roles of neutral processes, adaptive evolution, and mitonuclear incompatibility in establishing and maintaining mitochondrial clines, using Atlantic killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) as a case study. There is strong evidence for a role of secondary contact following the last glaciation in shaping a steep mitochondrial cline across a contact zone between northern and southern subspecies of killifish, but there is also evidence for a role of adaptive evolution in driving differentiation between the subspecies in a variety of traits from the level of the whole organism to the level of mitochondrial function. In addition, studies are beginning to address the potential for mitonuclear incompatibilities in admixed populations. However, population genomic studies have failed to detect evidence for a strong and pervasive influence of mitonuclear incompatibilities, and we suggest that polygenic selection may be responsible for the complex patterns observed. This case study demonstrates that multiple forces can act together in shaping mitochondrial clines, and illustrates the challenge of disentangling their relative roles.