bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perception of international patients regarding cross border movement for medical services in India
Authors: Koppala Ravi Babu , Gupta Manoj Kumar 
Published: April 2019

Objective: India ranks second as medical travel destination in the world after Thailand, but still a very limited research has been done so far to assess the perception of international patients regarding travel to India for medical services. Objective: To assess the perception of the patients coming across international borders regarding their preference to chose India for medical services.Methods: This was a cross sectional hospital based study which was conducted for a period of 3 months. It was an analytical type of research where 100 international patients were interviewed from 11 different hospitals spread across whole India (representing North and South India). A semi-structured interview scheduled with a five point Likert type scale was used fulfill the objective of the study.Results: More than 80\% of patients were agree with the fact that there is deficiency of quality of care and proper infrastructure in health facilities in their country. majority (> 80\%) of patients were strongly agree or agree to the facts that India has top qualified medical professionals and latest technology for treatment, there is less waiting time for treatment procedure and the treatment is cost effective.Conclusion: Considering the perception of international patients, there is need and scope to improve and expand the health service delivery in India to reap the benefits of medical travel to the maximum possible extent.
Revision and morphological analysis of the Ragadidae (Insecta, Diptera)
Authors: Wahlberg Emma 
Published: April 2019

Several taxonomic groups within Empidoidea Latreille, 1809 have been subject to unclear phylogenetic assignments along with multiple parallel hypotheses causing difficulties in classification and morphological identification. This study reviews the internal classification of the Ragadidae and includes a diagnosis and description of all included subfamilies and genera based on the results of an analysis of morphological characters using maximum parsimony. Illustration of important characters and a key to all genera in the family is given. The genus Hormopeza Zetterstedt, 1838 is found to be most closely related to Anthepiscopus Becker, 1891 and Iteaphila Zetterstedt, 1838, and the subfamily Iteaphilinae Wahlberg & Johanson, 2018 is therefore expanded to also include that genus. Hormopeza is consequently excluded from Ragadinae Sinclair, 2016. This study provides diagnoses, descriptions and keys in a contribution to a thorough classification of the empidoid groups and increased ease in morphological recognition.
Gender Differences in Sexual Health Knowledge Among Emerging Adults in Acute-Care Settings
Authors: Burrell Carmen N. , Sharon Melinda J. , Bassler John , Davidov Danielle M. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Context
Emerging adults (aged 18-25 years) are increasingly seeking evaluation in acute-care clinics for sexual health–related concerns to receive treatment and education.

Objective
To assess the sexual health knowledge of emerging adult patients by gender at acute-care health centers.

Methods
A prospective, self-administered survey was distributed from August 2014 through May 2016 to patients aged 18 to 24 years who presented to 1 of 4 acute-care locations in a university town in a mid-Atlantic state. Analyses included descriptive statistics, as well as χ2 and Fisher exact test crosstabulations to determine differences between genders.

Results
A total of 388 patients aged 18 to 24 years responded to the survey, with 81% of the sample identifying themselves as students and 64% identifying as female. Women were more likely than men to state that they sought sexual health advice at an urgent-care or walk-in clinic (70.3% vs 52.1%; P<.05). Human papillomavirus knowledge among women was significantly greater than among men (P<.0001). Open-ended responses were widespread and often incorrect, specifically with regard to the human papillomavirus vaccine and routine testing for sexually transmitted infections.

Conclusion
Women were more knowledgeable about sexual health than men. However, both genders were not as knowledgeable overall on sexual health topics as hypothesized. A stronger emphasis on gender-specific programming for sexual health education via community- and school-based programs throughout adolescence, supplemented with greater emphasis on routine preventive health care during adolescence and emerging adulthood, is encouraged.
Impact of Dietary Pattern on Nutritional Status of Pregnant Women in Low and High Strata between the Age Group of 30-39 Years in Mumbai
Authors: Tailor Vaibhavi P. , Sengupta Rupali 
Published: April 2019

Background: Maternal Nutrition plays an important role in shaping the mother’s and fetal health. Therefore intake of high salt, high fat, high sugar in the diet might lead to over nutrition among pregnant women due to varied food choices of the since most of the subjects consumed outside food, Sugar Sweetened Beverages such as (Cola, Pepsi, Thumps Up, Soda, Sherbet etc), Processed Food such as (Ready to eat food, Mayonnaise, Cheese spread etc) which consist of increase amount of preservative which might affect the mother and foetal’s health. Since there was increase intake of above food groups and decrease intake of macro and micronutrients in the diet through food group such as Fruits, Nuts and Oilseed, Green Leafy Vegetables etc. Therefore there might be increased risk of Over nutrition among women which might lead to GDM (Gestational Diabetes Mellitus), IUGR (Intra Uterine Growth Retardation), Low Birth weight etc.
Aim: To study the impact of dietary pattern on Nutritional of pregnant women in Low and High Strata.
Method: A purposive random sampling was done among pregnant women because only 2nd trimester pregnant women were selected for the study. The 50 subjects were divided into LSES (Lower Socioeconomic Strata) &HSES (Higher Socioeconomic Strata) on the basis of Kuppuswamy Index. The dietary pattern of the subjects was assessed through FFQ (Food Frequency Questionnaire) & 3 Day Diet Recall.
Result: There was increase consumption of High Fat, High Salt, High Sugar in the diet through consumption if food group such as Outside Food, Processed Food, Sugar Sweetened Beverages etc and in comparison the consumption of Macro and Micronutrient rich food group was lower which included Fruits, Green Leafy Vegetables, Nuts and oilseed etc. In Lower Strata the consumption of above food group was low because they were financially not stable therefore they were given additional services where the company paid their ration balance so that they could consume selective food group which were costing comparatively more. Since the RDA(Recommended Dietary Allowances) requirements were not met therefore the women were prescribed Iron, Calcium and Folic Acid supplements in the diet to decrease the risk of Maternal and fetal complication such as GDM(Gestational Diabetes Mellitus), NTD(Neural Tube Defect), IUGR(Intra Uterine Growth Retardation) etc.
Conclusion: Therefore to decrease the risk of Maternal and Fetal Complications intake of Macro and Micro nutritions in the diet is imperative and it is important to organize Nutrition Intervention programmes and counsel the pregnant women about Maternal Nutrition and how decrease intake of Nutrients in the diet might lead to Maternal Under nutrition and over nutrition and its related risk.
A new split‐luciferase complementation assay identifies pentachlorophenol as an inhibitor of apoptosome formation
Authors: Tashakor Amin , H‐Dehkordi Mahshid , O'Connell Enda , Gomez Ganau Sergi , Gozalbes Rafael , Eriksson Leif A. , Hosseinkhani Saman , Fearnhead Howard O. 
Published: April 2019

The expense and time required for in vivo reproductive and developmental toxicity studies have driven the development of in vitro alternatives. Here, we used a new in vitro split luciferase‐based assay to screen a library of 177 toxicants for inhibitors of apoptosome formation. The apoptosome contains seven Apoptotic Protease‐Activating Factor‐1 (Apaf‐1) molecules and induces cell death by activating caspase‐9. Apaf‐1‐dependent caspase activation also plays an important role in CNS development and spermatogenesis. In the in vitro assay, Apaf‐1 fused to an N‐terminal fragment of luciferase binds to Apaf‐1 fused to a C‐terminal fragment of luciferase and reconstitutes luciferase activity. Our assay indicated that pentachlorophenol (PCP) inhibits apoptosome formation, and further investigation revealed that PCP binds to cytochrome c. PCP is a wood preservative that reduces male fertility by ill‐defined mechanisms. Although the data show that PCP inhibited apoptosome formation, the concentration required suggests that other mechanisms may be more important for PCP's effects on spermatogenesis. Nonetheless, the data demonstrate the utility of the new assay in identifying apoptosome inhibitors, and we suggest that the assay may be useful in screening for reproductive and developmental toxicants.
A Helical tomotherapy as a robust low‐dose treatment alternative for total skin irradiation
Authors: Haraldsson André , Engleson Jens , Bäck Sven Å. J. , Engelholm Silke , Engström Per E. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractMycosis fungoides is a disease with manifestation of the skin that has traditionally been treated with electron therapy. In this paper, we present a method of treating the entire skin with megavoltage photons using helical tomotherapy (HT), verified through a phantom study and clinical dosimetric data from our first two treated patients. A whole body phantom was fitted with a wetsuit as bolus, and scanned with computer tomography. We accounted for variations in daily setup using virtual bolus in the treatment plan optimization. Positioning robustness was tested by moving the phantom, and recalculating the dose at different positions. Patient treatments were verified with in vivo film dosimetry and dose reconstruction from daily imaging. Reconstruction of the actual delivered dose to the patients showed similar target dose as the robustness test of the phantom shifted 10 mm in all directions, indicating an appropriate approximation of the anticipated setup variation. In vivo film measurements agreed well with the calculated dose confirming the choice of both virtual and physical bolus parameters. Despite the complexity of the treatment, HT was shown to be a robust and feasible technique for total skin irradiation. We believe that this technique can provide a viable option for Tomotherapy centers without electron beam capability.
Low‐Load Resistance Training With Blood‐Flow Restriction in Relation to Muscle Function, Mass, and Functionality in Women With Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Rodrigues Reynaldo , Ferraz Rodrigo B. , Kurimori Ceci O. , Guedes Lissiane K. , Lima Fernanda R. , de Sá‐Pinto Ana L. , Gualano Bruno , Roschel Hamilton 
Published: April 2019

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effects of a low‐load resistance training program associated with partial blood‐flow restriction in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).MethodsForty‐eight women with RA were randomized into 1 of 3 groups: high‐load resistance training (HL‐RT; 70% 1 repetition maximum [1RM]), low‐load resistance training (30% 1RM) with partial blood‐flow restriction training (BFRT), and a control group. Patients completed a 12‐week supervised training program and were assessed for lower‐extremity 1RM, quadriceps cross‐sectional area (CSA), physical function (timed‐stands test [TST], timed‐up‐and‐go test [TUG], and Health Assessment Questionnaire [HAQ]), and quality of life (Short Form 36 health survey [SF‐36]) at baseline and after the intervention.ResultsBFRT and HL‐RT were similarly effective in increasing maximum dynamic strength in both leg press (22.8% and 24.2%, respectively; P < 0.0001 for all) and knee extension (19.7% and 23.8%, respectively; P < 0.0001 for all). Quadriceps CSA was also significantly increased in both BFRT and HL‐RT (9.5% and 10.8%, respectively; P < 0.0001 for all). Comparable improvements in TST (11.2% and 14.7%; P < 0.0001 for all) and TUG (–6.8% [P < 0.0053] and –8.7% [P < 0.0001]) were also observed in BFRT and HL‐RT, respectively. Improvements in both groups were significantly greater than those of the control group (P < 0.05 for all). SF‐36 role physical and bodily pain and HAQ scores were improved only in BFRT (45.7%, 22.5%, and –55.9%, respectively; P < 0.05 for all). HL‐RT resulted in 1 case of withdrawal and several cases of exercise‐induced pain, which did not occur in BFRT.ConclusionBFRT was effective in improving muscle strength, mass, function, and health‐related quality of life in patients with RA, emerging as a viable therapeutic modality in RA management.
Loss in services precedes high school exit for teens with autism spectrum disorder: A longitudinal study
Authors: Laxman Daniel J. , Taylor Julie Lounds , DaWalt Leann S. , Greenberg Jan S. , Mailick Marsha R. 
Published: April 2019

The present longitudinal study investigated changes in service receipt and unmet service needs spanning 14 years before and after high school exit in a large community‐based sample of individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) (n = 204), of whom 59% had co‐occurring intellectual disability (ID). Using multilevel models, potential discontinuity of service patterns at the point of high school exit was examined, as well as the rate of change in services received and needed during the high school years and into the post‐high school period. Differences between those with and without ID were probed. Study findings indicated that overall, sample members experienced a reduction in receipt of services during high school, particularly for those without co‐occurring ID. After high school exit, sample members experienced a decline in services received; for those without ID, there was a continuous rate of loss of services after leaving high school but for those with ID, there was a sharp decline in services received. Unmet service needs increased right after high school exit for both those with and without ID. These patterns reflect loss of entitlement for services that accompanies high school exit, and the limited availability of adult services for individuals with ASD. This study documented not only the post‐high school service cliff that has been the subject of much concern, but also that the loss of services begins long before high school exit and that subgroups of the population with ASD are particularly vulnerable. Autism Res 2019, 12: 911–921. © 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Lay SummaryIn this research, we studied changes in the number of services received before and after high school exit in a large sample of individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). With each passing year during high school, individuals with ASD received fewer services. At the time of high school exit, there was a sharp drop in the number of services received, particularly for those with co‐occurring intellectual disability. This study found not only that there is a post‐high school service cliff, but also that the loss of services begins long before high school exit.
The social‐psychological bases of far‐right support in Europe and the United States
Authors: Van Assche Jasper , Dhont Kristof , Pettigrew Thomas F. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe roles of authoritarianism, social dominance orientation (SDO), and prejudice in the prediction of far‐right support were examined in Europe and the United States. A meta‐analysis shows remarkably similar, positive, and strong associations of far‐right support with these three variables in previous studies conducted in Europe, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Results from two cross‐sectional studies in the United States further indicated that higher levels of authoritarianism and SDO related to higher voting intentions and support for Trump, via increased prejudice. In a three‐wave longitudinal study in the United Kingdom, authoritarianism and SDO predicted pro‐Brexit attitudes and support for the U.K. Independence Party, again via prejudice. These results shed a new light on the widely held beliefs in “American and British exceptionalism,” as Trump and Brexit adherents share the same social‐psychological underpinnings as far‐right supporters observed in several European countries.
A Ball‐Milling‐Enabled Reformatsky Reaction
Authors: Cao Qun , Stark Roderick T. , Fallis Ian A. , Browne Duncan L. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAn operationally simple one‐jar one‐step mechanochemical Reformatsky reaction using in situ generated organozinc intermediates under neat grinding conditions has been developed. Notable features of this reaction protocol are that it requires no solvent, no inert gases, and no pre‐activation of the bulk zinc source. The developed process is demonstrated to have good substrate scope (39–82 % yield) and is effective irrespective of the initial morphology of the zinc source.
Synthesis and docking studies of N‐(5‐(alkylthio)‐1,3,4‐oxadiazol‐2‐yl)methyl)benzamide analogues as potential alkaline phosphatase inhibitors
Authors: Iqbal Zafar , Iqbal Ambreen , Ashraf Zaman , Latif Muhammad , Hassan Mubashir , Nadeem Humaira 
Published: April 2019

AbstractA series of N‐(5‐(alkylthio)‐1,3,4‐oxadiazol‐2‐yl)methyl)benzamides 6a–i were synthesized as alkaline phosphatase inhibitors. The intermediate 5‐substituted 1,3,4‐oxadiazole‐2‐thione 4 was synthesized starting with hippuric acid. Hippuric acid in the first step was converted into corresponding methyl ester 2 which upon reaction with hydrazine hydrate furnished the formation of hydrazide 3. The hippuric acid hydrazide was then cyclized into 5‐substituted 1,3,4‐oxadiazole‐2‐thione 4. The intermediate 4 was then reacted with alkyl or aryl halides 5a–5i to afford the title compounds N‐(5‐(methylthio)‐1,3,4‐oxadiazol‐2‐yl)methyl)benzamides 6a–i. The bioassay results showed that compounds 6a–i exhibited good to excellent alkaline phosphatase inhibitory activity. The most potent activity was exhibited by the compound 6i having IC50 value 0.420 μM, whereas IC50 value of standard (KH2PO4) was 2.80 μM. Molecular docking studies was performed against alkaline phosphatase enzyme (PDBID 1EW2) to check binding affinity of the synthesized compounds 6a–i against target protein. The docking results showed that three compounds 6c, 6e, and 6i have maximum binding interactions with binding energy values of −8 kcal/mol. The compound 6i displayed the interactions of oxadiazole ring nitrogen with amino acid His265 having a binding distance 2.13 Ǻ. It was concluded from our results that synthesized compounds, especially compound 6i may serve as lead structure to design more potent inhibitors of human alkaline phosphatase.
Characterization of antimicrobial activity of three Lactobacillus plantarum strains isolated from Chinese traditional dairy food
Authors: Hu Chang‐Hui , Ren Li‐Quan , Zhou Ying , Ye Bang‐Ce 
Published: April 2019

AbstractMany Lactobacillus plantarum strains can secrete some antimicrobial substances and be added to food as antimicrobial agents and preservatives. In this study, three L. plantarum strains (P1, S11, and M7) with strong antimicrobial activity against three pathogenic bacteria were isolated from Xinjiang traditional dairy products. Five common organic acids produced by fermentation of strains play a key role in inhibiting three pathogenic bacteria. At the same pH, the antimicrobial activity of the fermentation broth against Escherichia coli and Salmonella is stronger than that of the organic acid alone. Thus, three kinds of antimicrobial agents (P1‐1, M7‐1, and S11‐1) mixed with five common organic acids were produced. Moreover, the antimicrobial activity against Salmonella ASI.1174 of the antimicrobial agents was about 30% higher than that of the fermentation broth. In addition, organic acid antimicrobial agents combined in different proportions can inhibit different pathogenic bacteria. According to this result, it is a potential approach to develop novel antimicrobial agents used in food preservation by mixing different organic acids.
Neural response to stress and perceived stress differ in patients with left temporal lobe epilepsy
Authors: Goodman Adam M. , Allendorfer Jane B. , Heyse Heidi , Szaflarski Basia A. , Eliassen James C. , Nelson Erik B. , Storrs Judd M. , Szaflarski Jerzy P. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractPatients with epilepsy are often able to predict seizure occurrence subsequent to an acute stress experience. However, neuroimaging investigations into the neural basis of this relationship or the potential influence of perceived life stress are limited. The current study assessed the relationship between perceived stress and the neurobehavioral response to stress in patients with left temporal lobe epilepsy (LTLE) and healthy controls (HCs) using heart rate, salivary cortisol level, and functional magnetic resonance imaging and compared these effects between HCs and LTLE. Matched on perceived stress levels, groups of 36 patients with LTLE and 36 HCs completed the Montreal Imaging Stress Task, with control and stress math task conditions. Among LTLEs, 27 reported that prior (acute) stress affected their seizures (LTLES+), while nine did not (LTLES−). The results revealed that increased perceived stress was associated with seizure frequency in LTLE. Further, cortisol secretion was greater in LTLE, but did not vary with perceived stress as observed in HCs. A linear mixed‐effects analysis revealed that as perceived stress increased, activation in the hippocampal complex (parahippocampal gyrus and hippocampus) decreased during stressful math in the LTLES+, increased in HCs, but did not vary in the LTLES−. Task‐based functional connectivity analyses revealed LTLE differences in hippocampal functional connectivity with sensory cortex specific to stressor modalities. We argue that the current study demonstrates an inhibitory hippocampal mechanism underlying differences in resilience to stress between HCs and LTLE, as well as LTLE patients who report stress as a precipitant of seizures.
1064 nm Nd:YAG laser light affects transmembrane mitochondria respiratory chain complexes
Authors: Ravera Silvia , Ferrando Sara , Agas Dimitrios , De Angelis Nicola , Raffetto Mirco , Sabbieti Maria G. , Signore Antonio , Benedicenti Stefano , Amaroli Andrea 
Published: April 2019

AbstractPhotobiomodulation (PBM) is a non‐plant‐cell manipulation through a transfer of energy by means of light sources at the non‐ablative or thermal intensity. Authors showed that cytochrome‐c‐oxidase (complex IV) is the specific chromophore's target of PBM at the red (600‐700 nm) and NIR (760‐900 nm) wavelength regions. Recently, it was suggested that the infrared region of the spectrum could influence other chromospheres, despite the interaction by wavelengths higher than 900 nm with mitochondrial chromophores was not clearly demonstrated. We characterized the interaction between mitochondria respiratory chain, malate dehydrogenase, a key enzyme of Krebs cycle, and 3‐hydroxyacyl‐CoA dehydrogenase, an enzyme involved in the β‐oxidation (two mitochondrial matrix enzymes) with the 1064 nm Nd:YAG (100mps and 10 Hz frequency mode) irradiated at the average power density of 0.50, 0.75, 1.00, 1.25 and 1.50 W/cm2 to generate the respective fluences of 30, 45, 60, 75 and 90 J/cm2. Our results show the effect of laser light on the transmembrane mitochondrial complexes I, III, IV and V (adenosine triphosphate synthase) (window effects), but not on the extrinsic mitochondrial membrane complex II and mitochondria matrix enzymes. The effect is not due to macroscopical thermal change. An interaction of this wavelength with the Fe‐S proteins and Cu‐centers of respiratory complexes and with the water molecules could be supposed.