bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simultaneous quantification of alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde, piperideine-6-carboxylate, pipecolic acid and alpha-aminoadipic acid in pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy
Authors: Xue Jiao , Wang Junjuan , Gong Pan , Wu Minhang , Yang Wenshuang , Jiang Shiju , Wu Ye , Jiang Yuwu , Zhang Yuehua , Yuzyuk Tatiana , Li Hong , Yang Zhixian 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe measurements of lysine metabolites provide valuable information for the rapid diagnosis of pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy (PDE). Here, we aimed to develop a sensitive method to simultaneously quantify multiple lysine metabolites in PDE, including α-aminoadipic semialdehyde (a-AASA), piperideine-6-carboxylate (P6C), pipecolic acid (PA) and α-aminoadipic acid (α-AAA) in plasma, serum, dried blood spots (DBS), urine and dried urine spots (DUS). Fifteen patients with molecularly confirmed PDE were detected using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method. Compared to the control groups, the concentrations of a-AASA, P6C and the sum of a-AASA and P6C (AASA-P6C) in all types of samples from PDE patients were markedly elevated. The PA and a-AAA concentrations ranges overlapped partially between PDE patients and control groups. The concentrations of all the analytes in plasma and serum, as well as in urine and DUS were highly correlated. Our study provided more options for the diverse sample collection in the biochemical tests according to practical requirements. With treatment modality of newly triple therapy investigated, biomarker study might play important role not only on diagnosis but also on treatment monitoring and fine tuning the diet. The persistently elevated analytes with good correlation between plasma and DBS, as well as urine and DUS made neonatal screening using DBS and DUS possible.
Caloric vestibular stimulation has no effect on perceived body size
Authors: Karnath Hans-Otto , Kriechel Isabel , Tesch Joachim , Mohler Betty J. , Mölbert Simone Claire 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIt has been suggested that the vestibular system not only plays a role for our sense of balance and postural control but also might modulate higher-order body representations, such as the perceived shape and size of our body. Recent findings using virtual reality (VR) to realistically manipulate the length of whole extremities of first person biometric avatars under vestibular stimulation did not support this assumption. It has been discussed that these negative findings were due to the availability of visual feedback on the subjects’ virtual arms and legs. The present study tested this hypothesis by excluding the latter information. A newly recruited group of healthy subjects had to adjust the position of blocks in 3D space of a VR scenario such that they had the feeling that they could just touch them with their left/right hand/heel. Caloric vestibular stimulation did not alter perceived size of own extremities. Findings suggest that vestibular signals do not serve to scale the internal representation of (large parts of) our body’s metric properties. This is in obvious contrast to the egocentric representation of our body midline which allows us to perceive and adjust the position of our body with respect to the surroundings. These two qualia appear to belong to different systems of body representation in humans.
H2O2 photoproduction inside H2O and H2O:O2 ices at 20–140 K
Authors: Kulikov Mikhail Yu. , Feigin Alexander M. , Schrems Otto 
Published: August 2019

AbstractWe report the results of laboratory measurements of H2O2 production inside thin (50 nm thickness) H2O and H2O:O2 ice samples irradiated by 121.6 nm photons at different temperatures. In the case of H2O ice, H2O2 is formed at the temperatures below 60 К. In the case of H2O:O2 ice, H2O2 is formed in the 20–140 К range. For H2O:O2 = 9:1 ice, we derived H2O2 photochemical quantum yield as a function of sample irradiation temperature. The obtained data can be used for evaluation of H2O2 photoproduction at the surface of astrophysical water ice bodies and inside the particles of Noctilucent Clouds in the Earth’s atmosphere.
Reorganization of brain networks and its association with general cognitive performance over the adult lifespan
Authors: Bagarinao Epifanio , Watanabe Hirohisa , Maesawa Satoshi , Mori Daisuke , Hara Kazuhiro , Kawabata Kazuya , Yoneyama Noritaka , Ohdake Reiko , Imai Kazunori , Masuda Michihito , Yokoi Takamasa , Ogura Aya , Taoka Toshiaki , Koyama Shuji , Tanabe Hiroki C. , Katsuno Masahisa , Wakabayashi Toshihiko , Kuzuya Masafumi , Ozaki Norio , Hoshiyama Minoru , Isoda Haruo , Naganawa Shinji , Sobue Gen 
Published: August 2019

AbstractHealthy aging is associated with structural and functional changes in the brain even in individuals who are free of neurodegenerative diseases. Using resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging data from a carefully selected cohort of participants, we examined cross sectional changes in the functional organization of several large-scale brain networks over the adult lifespan and its potential association with general cognitive performance. Converging results from multiple analyses at the voxel, node, and network levels showed widespread reorganization of functional brain networks with increasing age. Specifically, the primary processing (visual and sensorimotor) and visuospatial (dorsal attention) networks showed diminished network integrity, while the so-called core neurocognitive (executive control, salience, and default mode) and basal ganglia networks exhibited relatively preserved between-network connections. The visuospatial and precuneus networks also showed significantly more widespread increased connectivity with other networks. Graph analysis suggested that this reorganization progressed towards a more integrated network topology. General cognitive performance, assessed by Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination-Revised total score, was positively correlated with between-network connectivity among the core neurocognitive and basal ganglia networks and the integrity of the primary processing and visuospatial networks. Mediation analyses further indicated that the observed association between aging and relative decline in cognitive performance could be mediated by changes in relevant functional connectivity measures. Overall, these findings provided further evidence supporting widespread age-related brain network reorganization and its potential association with general cognitive performance during healthy aging.
Long-term trends in rainfall and temperature using high-resolution climate datasets in East Africa
Authors: Gebrechorkos Solomon H. , Hülsmann Stephan , Bernhofer Christian 
Published: August 2019

AbstractDetecting changes in climate is a prerequisite for a better understanding of the climate and developing adaptation and mitigation measures at a regional and local scale. In this study long-term trends in rainfall and maximum and minimum temperature (T-max and T-min) were analysed on seasonal and annual time scales for East Africa. High resolution gridded rainfall (1981–2016) and temperature (1979–2010) data from international databases like the Climate Hazards Group are used. Long-term seasonal trend analysis shows a non-significant (except for small areas), decreasing (increasing) trend in rainfall in eastern (western) parts of Ethiopia and Kenya and a decreasing trend in large parts of Tanzania during the long rainy season. On the other hand, a non-significant increasing trend in large parts of the region is observed during the short rain season. With regard to annual trends, results largely confirm seasonal analyses: only a few significant trends in rainfall, but significant increasing trends in T-max (up to 1.9 °C) and T-min (up to 1.2 °C) for virtually the whole region. Our results demonstrate the need and added value of analysing climate trends based on data with high spatial resolution allowing sustainable adaptation measures at local scales.
Impact of acetate- or citrate-acidified bicarbonate dialysate on ex vivo aorta wall calcification
Authors: Villa-Bellosta Ricardo , Hernández-Martínez Eduardo , Mérida-Herrero Eva , González-Parra Emilio 
Published: August 2019

AbstractVascular calcification is highly prevalent in patients with chronic hemodialysis. Increased acetatemia during hemodialysis sessions using acetate-acidified bicarbonate has also been associated with several abnormalities, By contrast, these abnormalities were not induced by citrate-acidified bicarbonate dialysis. Moreover, citrate is biocompatible alternative to acetate in dialysis fluid. However, the effects of citrate on vascular calcification during hemodialysis had not been studied in detail. This study analyzed herein the effects of acetate- or citrate-acidified bicarbonate dialysis on vascular calcification. Citrate has been shown to inhibit calcification in urine in hemodialysis patients. Therefore, our hypothesis is that citrate-acidified bicarbonate dialysis could reduce vascular calcification. Blood samples before and after hemodialysis from patients on acetate- or citrate-acidified bicarbonate dialysis were collected in heparin-containing tubes (n = 35 and n = 25 respectively). To explore the effect of pre- and post-dialysis plasmatic bicarbonate and citrate on vascular calcification, rats aortic rings cultured ex vivo in Minimum Essential Medium containing 0.1% FBS and 45-calcium as radiotracer were used (n = 24). After 7 days of incubation aortic rings were dried, weighed and radioactivity was measured via liquid scintillation counting. Bicarbonate levels increase calcium accumulation in rat aortic wall in a dose-response manner (pH = 7.4). Moreover, citrate prevents calcium accumulation, with a mean inhibitor concentration (IC50) value of 733 µmol/L. During acetate-acidified bicarbonate dialysis, bicarbonate and citrate levels in plasma increase (22.29 ± 3.59 versus 28.63 ± 3.56 mmol/L; p < 0.001) and decrease (133.3 ± 53.6 versus 87.49 ± 32.3 µmol/L, p < 0.001), respectively. These changes in pos-hemodialysis plasma significantly (p < 0.001) alter calcium accumulation in the aortic wall (38.9% higher). Moreover, citrate-acidified bicarbonate dialysis increases post-hemodialysis citrate levels 5-fold (145 ± 79.8 versus 771.6 ± 184.3 µmol/L), reducing calcium accumulation in the aortic wall. Citrate-acidified bicarbonate dialysis reduces plasmatic calcium and pH variations during dialysis session (Δ[Ca2+] = −0.019 ± 0.089; ΔpH = 0.098 ± 0.043) respect to acetate-acidified bicarbonate dialysis (Δ[Ca2+] = 0.115 ± 0.118; ΔpH = 0.171 ± 0.078). To our knowledge, our study is the first to show that citrate protects against calcium accumulation in rat aortic walls ex vivo. Therefore, citrate-acidified bicarbonate dialysis may be an alternative approach to reduce calcification in hemodialysis patients without additional cost.
Pre-clinical effects of highly potent MEK1/2 inhibitors on rat cerebral vasculature after organ culture and subarachnoid haemorrhage
Authors: Christensen Simon T. , Haanes Kristian A. , Spray Stine , Grell Anne-Sofie , Warfvinge Karin , Edvinsson Lars , Johansson Sara E. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background: Aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) is a variant of haemorrhagic stroke with a striking 50% mortality rate. In addition to the initial insult, secondary delayed brain injury may occur days after the initial ischemic insult and is associated with vasospasms leading to delayed cerebral ischemia. We have previously shown that the MEK1/2 inhibitor U0126 improves neurological assessment after SAH in rats. Aim: The purpose of the present study was to analyse the impact of a broad selection of high potency MEK1/2 inhibitors in an organ culture model and use the IC50 values obtained from the organ culture to select highly potent inhibitors for pre-clinical in vivo studies. Results: Nine highly potent mitogen activated protein kinase kinase (MEK1/2) inhibitors were screened and the two most potent inhibitors from the organ culture screening, trametinib and PD0325901, were tested in an in vivo experimental rat SAH model with intrathecal injections. Subsequently, the successful inhibitor trametinib was administered intraperitoneally in a second in vivo study. In both regimens, trametinib treatment caused significant reductions in the endothelin-1 induced contractility after SAH, which is believed to be associated with endothelin B receptor up-regulation. Trametinib treated rats showed improved neurological scores, evaluated by the ability to traverse a rotating pole, after induced SAH. Conclusion: The PD0325901 treatment did not improve the neurological score after SAH, nor showed any beneficial therapeutic effect on the contractility, contrasting with the reduction in neurological deficits seen after trametinib treatment. These data show that trametinib might be a potential candidate for treatment of SAH.
Rezidivierende respiratorische Papillomatose: Aktuelles zu
Diagnose und Therapie
Authors: Langer Christine , Wittekindt Claus , Wolf Gregor 
Published: August 2019

ZusammenfassungDie rezidivierende respiratorische Papillomatose (RRP) – ausgelöst durch das
humane Papillomavirus (HPV) – ist durch warzenartige Veränderungen der Atemwege
gekennzeichnet. Der klinische Verlauf ist variabel, die Diagnosestellung erfolgt
nicht selten wesentlich später als der Symptombeginn, insbesondere bei Kindern.
Die Behandlung wird individuell festgelegt und umfasst meist Operationen zur
Tumorkontrolle und zum Erhalt der Stimmfunktion.
Adenotonsillektomie: Umfrage zu Methoden und
Befindlichkeiten der Operateure
Authors: Gerstner AOH 
Published: August 2019

Kilavuz AE et al. Surgeons’ preferences and anxiety levels in paediatric
adenotonsillectomy: European perspective. J Laryngol Otol 2019; 133: 333–338
Zur gleichzeitigen Entfernung von Gaumen- und Rachenmandeln gibt es
verschiedene chirurgische Verfahren. Türkische HNO-Ärzte untersuchten,
welche Verfahren Chirurgen für die Adenotonsillektomie präferieren und
welche Angstzustände mit welchem Verfahren verbunden sind.
Die Kehrseite der Medaille
Authors: Albrecht Andrea , Kirchhoff Nadine 
Published: August 2019

ZusammenfassungWas bedeutet das Pflegebudget praktisch? Wohin können die Untergrenzen führen?
Was passiert mit dem PKMS? Andrea Albrecht, Pflegedirektorin am Lukaskrankenhaus
Neuss und Controllerin Nadine Kirchhoff wagen einen kritischen Blick.
Alien forms for alien language: investigating novel form spaces in cultural evolution
Authors: Cuskley Christine 
Published: August 2019

AbstractA cornerstone of experimental studies in language evolution has been iterated artificial language learning: studies where participants learn of artificial ‘alien’ languages, and the product of their learning is then passed onto other participants successively. Results over the last decade show that some defining features of human language can arise under these experimental conditions, which use iteration to simulate processes of cultural transmission. The form modalities used in iterated learning studies have expanded considerably in recent years, but the dynamics of how learning a completely novel form system interact with processes of cultural transmission are only beginning to be explored. This paper provides a brief overview of artificial language learning studies in the context of language evolution, situating them in a framework which focuses on forms used in learning and production. This issue is further explored with an iterated experiment which focuses on the role of learning completely novel forms in isolation. This experiment uses a new set of graphical symbols called Ferros, which are produced using a virtual palette. Results show that properties of this novel form space—in particular, ease of articulation—have specific effects on sequence learning and evolution. These results have implications for how forms and modalities might constrain language systems, and demonstrate how the use of truly novel alien forms might be extended to address new questions in cultural and linguistic evolution.
Faith-based organizations in Turkey as indirect political patronage tools
Authors: Arslan Köse Sakine 
Published: August 2019

AbstractSocial assistance is one of the most effective tools for poverty alleviation. However, it can also serve as a means of managing and silencing the poor in regard to the difficulties imposed by the system in which they live. Recognizing the voting potential of the poor in Turkey, political parties have frequently implemented social assistance and political patronage. Faith-based organizations (FBOs) also operate in the field of social assistance and are supported by the government. There have been people and organizations that have had an intermediary role in Turkey since the era of the Ottoman Empire. In this regard, the missing element in the existing literature is an examination of the intermediary role played by social assistance in political patronage. This study coins the term indirect political patronage (IPP) to address the role of FBOs that work to consolidate the government in Turkey. The significance of this paper is that it brings together a discussion on the FBOs (religion) and political patronage implementation in social assistance programmes (poverty) to understand and examine the role played by FBOs by using the concept of IPP. To scrutinize these roles, the examination of the relationship between the state and FBOs in social assistance programmes is of key importance. The relationship can be observed in several spheres, such as governmental incentives as dependency indicators. The relationship also presents a periodization of FBOs regarding their visibility in the public space and the roles that they play in domestic politics, which are both closely related to their performance as actors of IPP. Furthermore, the classification that this study offers through this periodization, noninstitutionalized and institutionalized, provides an organizational analysis of the evolution of FBOs in terms of building necessary skills and achieving a certain level of establishment. In this study, conceptual arguments, field studies, in-depth interviews, and statistical data on social assistance were utilized. FBOs that are affiliated with a religious community, enjoy public benefit status and operate in the districts that are locally run by Justice and Development Party (JDP) municipalities were selected for the purposes of measuring and evaluating their roles in IPP.
Inference of complex population histories using whole-genome sequences from multiple populations
Authors: Steinrücken Matthias , Kamm Jack , Spence Jeffrey P. , Song Yun S. 
Published: August 2019

SignificanceAn increasing number of population genomic studies now try to infer complex models of population history using a number of whole-genome sequences sampled from multiple populations. A key technical challenge to this effort is to compute model likelihoods, which involves integrating out latent variables (genealogical histories) that live in extremely high dimensions. This is a notoriously difficult computational problem, especially when the sample size is greater than a handful and the underlying population genetic model is complex. Here, we present an efficient, flexible statistical method that can scale to larger sample sizes and more populations than previously possible. Aside from demographic inference, our method can be used in other statistical inference problems in evolutionary biology and human genetics.
Media credibility
Authors: Zhang Hongzhong , Du Juana , Wang Rui 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Media credibility, as a construct that has been mainly developed in the western context, hasn’t been examined
thoroughly and tested in Asia cultural and social context. This research discusses and verifies media credibility as a
multi-dimensional construct, with the support of empirical data. It discusses the impact of privately-owned news websites, e.g.
Sina, on state-owned television stations, e.g. CCTV, with a focus on media credibility in the context of China. The data supports
that media credibility includes both professional and political dimensions. The dimension of political orientation is a unique one
developed directly in the context of China with empirical data support. This paper also explores contributing factors that impact
media credibility in the Chinese context, and finds positive impact of privately-owned website use on media credibility of
state-owned television.
English within Japanese
Authors: Nishi Hironori 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The present study examined English textbooks used in Japanese middle and high schools, and analyzed to what extent
the English words that are included in those textbooks are already integrated into the vocabulary pool of Japanese as loanwords.
The findings of the present study showed that approximately 80% of the English words introduced in the first four years of English
education in schools in Japan are already integrated into Japanese as loanwords. Based on this high percentage of English words
with loanword counterparts in Japanese, the present study has argued that English loanwords in Japanese can be used as a resource
for learning new vocabulary in the field of EFL education for L1 speakers of Japanese.
What can we learn about social media influence in the Malaysian 14th General Election?
Authors: Rahim Samsudin A. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Social media as a new tool for political communication influences current developments in political campaigning.
In combination with mainstream media, social media is increasingly used for purposes such as political marketing, mobilisation of
voters, and public debate. This paper discusses how social media helped the Malaysian main opposition coalition, Alliance of Hope
(PH), to topple the ruling party, National Front (BN), which had ruled Malaysia for the last 61 years. Literature on new media
rarely shows positive relationships between new media usage and voting decisions. At most, social media plays a crucial role in
extending the dissemination of information to voters. However, PH had to rely solely on social media for their political marketing
in reaching out to both urban and rural constituencies, as the coalition was denied access to the government-controlled mainstream
media. With data-based information, PH was able to segment voters and focus on marginalised constituencies, young voters,
middle-class urban voters, and rural constituencies, which were the ruling party’s main fortress, contributing to 57% of the vote.
One of the misconceptions many politicians and political parties have is that merely using social media will win them the
election. Ultimately, what mattered more in this case was whether political parties could register the currents of change
percolating within an evolving Malaysian society and address voter grievances accordingly, something that BN, even with control
over mainstream media and superior usage of social media, did not do.