bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatiotemporal patterns of trophic niche variation within and among species of tropical coastal fishes
Authors: Galindo Esteban , Costa‐Pereira Raul , Cruz‐Escalona Víctor Hugo , López‐García Juliana , Morales‐Zárate María Verónica , Tavera José , Salinas‐Zavala César Augusto , Navia Andrés F. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIntraspecific niche variation shapes the structure and function of food webs, but we still know little about the magnitude and drivers of trophic variation within species in species‐rich communities. Here, we examined how intrinsic (sex and life stage) and extrinsic (locality and season) factors affect the diet composition and trophic niche width of tropical fish species. Specifically, we studied co‐occurring species with benthopelagic (Stellifer ericymba, S. melanocheir, S. zestocarus, and Larimus argenteus) and benthic feeding habits (S. strabo, Cathorops manglarensis, Notarius troschelii, and Urotrygon rogersi) on the central Pacific coast of Colombia. Overall, we observed strong spatial and seasonal effects driving variation in the consumption of (i) amphipods, copepods, and decapods for benthopelagic species and (ii) mollusks and polychaetes for benthic species. As expected, we observed little sexual diet variation; however, surprisingly, most species showed little ontogenetic diet variation. Seasonality strongly shaped the trophic niche width for most species, but effects were species‐specific, suggesting no general pattern of seasonal niche expansion across species. In turn, spatial effects on the trophic niche width were congruent across species, which might be related to differences in the diversity of available resources between bays. Our results reveal the complex interplay between intrinsic and extrinsic factors in shaping resource exploitation by coastal fish. This high level of trophic plasticity may be a critical component for both the persistence of marine populations and the stability of local food webs.Abstract in Spanish is available with online material.
Variation in biodiversity and abundance of functional groups of arthropods along a tropical elevational gradient in Puerto Rico
Authors: Schowalter T. D. , Presley S. J. , Willig M. R. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractElevational gradients represent platforms for exploring the effects of environmental variation on biodiversity. The environmental correlates of these spatial gradients are likely to be modified during the Anthropocene, as species respond to global change drivers including warming and increased frequency of extreme events. We quantified variation in the abundance of four functional groups of canopy arthropods (i.e., folivores, sap‐suckers, detritivores, and predators), as well as in aspects of biodiversity on each of six host‐plant species along two elevational transects in the Luquillo Mountains of Puerto Rico: a mixed forest transect, traversing tabonuco, palo colorado, and elfin forests, and a palm forest transect, comprising only patches dominated by sierra palm (Prestoea acuminata). We expected gradients in arthropod abundance and biodiversity to be host‐tree specific, and for gradients on palm to differ between transects due to a combination of mechanisms associated with host selection, rescue effects, habitat structure, and source pool dynamics. In general, abundance and biodiversity declined with elevation. The ways in which abundance declined with increasing elevation was contingent on host tree identity and on arthropod functional group, whereas all aspects of biodiversity declined with elevation in consistent manners regardless of host tree identity or transect. Similarly, turnover (beta components of biodiversity between sequential elevational strata) did not differ between transects. Decreases in productivity with increasing elevation may be responsible for gradients in abundance or biodiversity. However, host‐specific and functional group‐specific gradients suggest that elevational effects manifest differently depending on tree species identity and resource bases that are consumer specific.
LncRNA MIR600HG inhibits laryngeal cancer development by mediating the miR‐424‐5p/BTG2 axis
Authors: Zhu Xiaowen , Zhong Min , Wang Qingdong , Zhang MeiJia 
Published: December 2024

AbstractLaryngeal carcinoma is the predominant kind of tumor seen under the category of head and neck malignancies. LncRNA MIR600HG affects tumor morphology in numerous cancer types. However, the function of MIR600HG in laryngeal cancer remains unclear. Protein and gene expressions were analyzed by using western blot and quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction. Cells proliferation and migration were evaluated by EdU and transwell assays. Flow cytometry was performed to detect cells apoptosis. The interaction between MIR600HG or B‐cell translocation gene 2 (BTG2) and miR‐424‐5p was analyzed by dual luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation. The expression of MIR600HG in laryngeal cancer tissues was lower than that in normal tissues, and low expression of MIR600HG was associated with poor prognosis in laryngeal cancer. Furthermore, overexpression of MIR600HG resulted in a reduction in cellular proliferation and the promotion of apoptosis in both HEp‐2 and Tu‐212. Mechanically, miR‐424‐5p was a direct target of MIR600HG, and overexpression of MIR600HG reduced miR‐424‐5p expression. Furthermore, BTG2 was a target gene of miR‐424‐5p and miR‐424‐5p upregulation suppressed the expression of BTG2. In addition, overexpression of BTG2 inhibited laryngeal cancer progression, whereas MIR600HG knockdown or miR‐424‐5p overexpression reversed the role of BTG2. This work suggested that MIR600HG represses laryngeal tumor development by regulating the miR‐424‐5p/BTG2 axis, which provides new molecules for early diagnosis of laryngeal cancer in the future.
Relationship Between Body Composition and Insulin Resistance Evaluated by the TyG Index: A Retrospective Study Among Chinese Population
Authors: Luo Yufang , Liu Lei , Liu Min , Tang Chenyi , Liu Hong , Wang Meng , Feng Guo , Wu Jinru , Wu Wei 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe triglyceride glucose (TyG) index, a novel and easily obtained marker of insulin resistance (IR), has been shown to predict metabolic diseases. Monitoring body composition is crucial in assessing disease states. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between body composition and IR as assessed by the TyG index.MethodsBetween January 2018 and December 2021, 12,186 individuals were initially enroled, with 4061 adults were ultimately included. Body composition, including fat mass (FM), fat mass index (FMI), fat‐free mass (FFM), fat‐free mass index (FFMI), and percent body fat (PBF), was measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis. Spearman analysis assessed correlations between body composition indices and the TyG index. Binary logistic regression identified independent predictors of IR.ResultsOlder women (≥ 50 years old) showed significantly higher BMI, PBF, FM, FMI, FFMI, HOMA‐IR, and the TyG index, but lower FFM compared to younger women; Older men exhibited significantly lower BMI, FM, FFM, FFMI, HOMA‐IR, and the TyG index than the younger men. FM, FMI, FFM, FFMI, and PBF were positively correlated with the TyG index. FFMI and PBF significantly predicted IR in both genders. Combined FFMI and PBF yielded an area under the ROC curves of 0.718 in women and 0.661 in men for IR diagnosis.ConclusionThe TyG index correlates with body composition parameters of FFMI and PBF as well as HOMA‐IR potentially making it a convenient marker of metabolic risk.
Accumulation of ether phospholipids in induced pluripotent stem cells and oligodendrocyte‐lineage cells established from patients with Sjögren‐Larsson syndrome
Authors: Yamaguchi Yu , Okuno Hironobu , Tokuoka Suzumi , Kita Yoshihiro , Sanosaka Tsukasa , Kohyama Jun , Kurosawa Kenji , Sakai Norio , Miya Fuyuki , Takahashi Takao , Kosaki Kenjiro , Okano Hideyuki 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSjögren‐Larsson syndrome (SLS) is an autosomal recessive leukodystrophy characterized by ichthyosis, intellectual disability, and progressive spastic paralysis caused by biallelic pathogenic variants in the ALDH3A2 gene that encodes the fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase, fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase (FALDH); FALDH catalyzes several metabolic reactions involved in fatty aldehyde oxidation. Only a few studies have been performed to determine the lipid profile of patients with SLS. In a previous postmortem study of the brain of a 65‐year‐old patient with SLS, lipidomic analysis revealed an accumulation of long‐chain unsaturated ether lipid species in the white matter and gray matter. In the present study, we established a disease model using patient‐derived neuronal and oligodendrocyte lineage cells to analyze the lipid metabolism and gene expression profiles in SLS. To achieve this, we generated induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from two patients with the SLS phenotype carrying previously known ALDH3A2 pathogenic variants: One was a compound heterozygote (c.1339A>G:p.(Lys447Glu) and c.57_132dup:p.(Ile45Serfs*34)) and the other was a homozygote (c.1339A>G: p.(Lys447Glu)). The FALDH activity was almost zero in the SLS‐iPSC lines established from both patients. Phospholipid analysis of neurospheres, and oligospheres (spheres enriched with oligodendrocyte‐lineage cells) derived from the iPSCs by liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry showed accumulation of ether phospholipids in the Sjögren‐Larsson patient‐derived neurospheres and oligospheres. The results are consistent with the previously reported accumulation of ether lipids in the postmortem brain tissue of an SLS patient. Therefore, iPSCs and iPSC‐derived neurospheres and oligospheres established from SLS patients can be useful tools for future pathological analysis of the central nervous system pathophysiology in SLS.
A nationwide snapshot study on outcomes one year after surgery for chronic pilonidal sinus disease
Authors: Huurman Eleonora A. , de Raaff Christel A.L. , van den Berg Rosaline , Baart Sara J. , Wijnhoven Bas P. L. , Schouten Ruben , Furnée Edgar J. B. , Smeenk Robert M. , Toorenvliet Boudewijn R. ,   the PITS collaborative study group
Published: December 2024

AbstractAimManaging pilonidal sinus disease (PSD) remains challenging due to high recurrence rates and morbidity associated with treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcomes one year after surgical treatment for chronic PSD in the Netherlands.MethodPatients with PSD who underwent surgical treatment between March 1, 2020, and March 1, 2021, at 36 participating hospitals were included in a prospective observational cohort study. For the present study, only patients with chronic PSD were included for analysis.One‐year after surgical treatment for PSD, all patients received questionnaires on wound healing, quality of life (QoL), and patient reported experience measures (PREMs). Primary outcome was recurrence rate. Secondary outcomes included QoL and PREMs.ResultsOf 681 included patients, 405 patients presented with chronic PSD and underwent surgical treatment. One‐year questionnaires were completed by 289 out of 405 patients (71.4%). Patients underwent either excision with secondary wound healing (ESW, n = 73), excision with midline closure (EMC, n = 21), off‐midline closure (OMC, n = 17), or a minimally invasive technique (MIT, n = 178). Patient‐reported recurrence rates after ESW, EMC, OMC and MIT were 21.5%, 25%, 6.7% and 30.6%, respectively. Pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression were the most frequently reported problems affecting QoL. Patients that underwent OMC were satisfied the most with the care provided.ConclusionThis study demonstrates variation in recurrence rates among surgical procedures for PSD. The highest rates were observed in the MIT and EMC group, while the OMC group exhibited the lowest rate. QoL outcomes differed among the surgical techniques. Patient satisfaction appears highest in the OMC group.
Evolving alterations of structural organization and functional connectivity in feedforward neural networks after induced P301L tau mutation
Authors: Weir Janelle S. , Hanssen Katrine Sjaastad , Winter‐Hjelm Nicolai , Sandvig Axel , Sandvig Ioanna 
Published: December 2024

AbstractReciprocal structure–function relationships underlie both healthy and pathological behaviours in complex neural networks. Thus, understanding neuropathology and network dysfunction requires a thorough investigation of the complex interactions between structural and functional network reconfigurations in response to perturbation. Such adaptations are often difficult to study in vivo. For example, subtle, evolving changes in synaptic connectivity, transmission and the electrophysiological shift from healthy to pathological states, for example alterations that may be associated with evolving neurodegenerative disease, such as Alzheimer's, are difficult to study in the brain. Engineered in vitro neural networks are powerful models that enable selective targeting, manipulation and monitoring of dynamic neural network behaviour at the micro‐ and mesoscale in physiological and pathological conditions. In this study, we engineered feedforward cortical neural networks using two‐nodal microfluidic devices with controllable connectivity interfaced with microelectrode arrays (mMEAs). We induced P301L mutated tau protein to the presynaptic node of these networks and monitored network dynamics over three weeks. Induced perturbation resulted in altered structural organization and extensive axonal retraction starting in the perturbed node. Perturbed networks also exhibited functional changes in intranodal activity, which manifested as an overall decline in both firing rate and bursting activity, with a progressive increase in synchrony over time and a decrease in internodal signal propagation between pre‐ and post‐synaptic nodes. These results provide insights into dynamic structural and functional reconfigurations at the micro‐ and mesoscale as a result of evolving pathology and illustrate the utility of engineered networks as models of network function and dysfunction.
TRIM2: a double‐edged sword preventing apoptosis
Authors: Hollemann Thomas 
Published: December 2024

TRIM2 belongs to the TRIM‐NHL class of ubiquitin E3‐ligases and inhibits apoptosis by a dual function. Liao et al. reported in the recent issue that under glutamine deprivation, TRIM2 transcription is activated by ATF4 to increase the uptake of long fatty acids into mitochondria. Here, TRIM2 acts as a direct activator of CPT1 independent of its E3 ubiquitin ligase activity and prevents apoptosis otherwise triggered by starvation. On the contrary, TRIM E3‐ubiquitin ligase has been described to ubiquitinate and thus target proapoptotic BIM for its degradation in the proteasome. Thus, TRIM2 inhibits apoptosis classically via its ligase activity but also independent of this stimulating energy metabolism.
Preliminary safety and in vivo efficacy of Acmella oleracea extract‐loaded glycolipid emulsion serum—Effects on ocular irritation, dermal absorption, and facial skin biophysical and microrelief properties
Authors: Savic Sanela M. , Cekic Nebojsa D. , Ilic Tanja M. , Markovic Bojan D. , Savic Sasa R. , Petrovic Sanja M. , Savic Snezana D. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractObjectiveSubstantial efforts have been progressively devoted to developing innovative, safe, and effective topical anti‐aging products that not only improve the appearance of aged skin but also prioritize environmental sustainability and the responsible use of natural resources. Thus, the current study targeted to evaluate novel, natural emulsion/serum comprising new glycolipid emulsifier (lauryl glucoside/myristyl glucoside/polyglyceryl‐6 laurate) and Acmella oleracea plant extract as a model active.MethodsThe developed serum was assessed concerning its stability (freeze–thaw test, accelerated study), safety (in vitro screening of eye irritation potential, dermal absorption study) and efficacy (randomized, active/reference‐controlled, half‐face, in vivo study). Changes in skin biophysical properties, microrelief, roughness, texture, surface, and volume parameters were assessed in the periocular and perioral areas of human volunteers after 2 weeks of product application, utilizing several bioengineering and topography techniques.ResultsThe stability study demonstrated favourable stability profile of the developed serum, with practically unaffected stability‐indicating parameters (apparent viscosity, yield, flow point, storage and loss moduli, loss factor, pH, electrical conductivity) during freeze–thaw cycling and after 3 months of storage at 45°C. The hen's egg test on the chorioallantoic membrane of fertilized chicken eggs confirmed the absence of ocular irritation potential of investigated serum; no effects of haemorrhage, lysis or coagulation were occurred. Skin permeation study using diffusion cells revealed no permeation of spilanthol from the tested A. oleracea extract‐loaded serum through the pig ear skin into the receptor medium, thus suggesting no absorption into systemic circulation. In vivo efficacy study corroborated beneficial effects of evaluated serum on the condition/appearance of facial skin, at both periocular and perioral areas—significant (p < 0.05) increase in skin hydration (10%–40%) and smoothness (~15%); significant (p < 0.05) decrease in roughness (20%–30%), scaliness (~30%), and wrinkles (~15%)—implying more hydrated, smoother, visibly milder skin.ConclusionThe present findings confirmed the stability, preliminary safety (no ocular irritation, no dermal absorption, and good skin tolerability), and efficacy (improved skin hydration and microrelief) of the A. oleracea extract‐loaded, glycolipid‐based serum, supporting its potential as a safe and effective topical anti‐aging product.
Living in micro‐networks: Korean migrants' social networking practices in Canadian cities
Authors: Yoon Kyong 
Published: December 2024

AbstractDrawing on qualitative interviews with South Korean (Korean hereinafter) migrants in Western Canada, this study examines the migrants' sense of belonging and social networking practices during their post‐migration settlement and adaptation, including during the COVID‐19 pandemic. The study focuses on a relatively recent cohort of Korean labour migrants whose main motivation for migration was to explore flexible and relaxed ways of living in the host society. Through an analysis of these migrants' lived experiences, the study examines how they have managed various forms of social networking and developed particular senses of social belonging. The study reveals the migrants' lack of a sense of social belonging and tendency to pursue individualized micro‐networks, which were particularly challenged during the COVID‐19 pandemic.
Female Literacy and Crime Against Women in India: Complex Trajectories and Correlations
Authors: Košir Suzana , Lakshminarayanan Radhika 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTGender equality remains a recurrent goal of governments across the world, yet discrimination and abuse continue to impede the progress of women. Within India's patriarchal society, women continue to be viewed through a stereotypical lens. Despite greater focus on female literacy and enactment of legislations that seek to protect women's rights, the safety of women from crime remains tenuous. This research explores trajectories of female literacy and crimes against women (CAW) in India to find possible correlations. Data from the Ministry of Statistics, the National Crime Record Bureau, National Census records and official sample surveys were obtained from government databases. Further, bivariate regression analysis was used to validate the hypothesis. The results indicate a clear correlation between female literacy and CAW, although other factors may be considered to explain certain anomalies.
Evaluation of Community‐Based Mental Health Services in the Framework of SWOT Analysis From the Perspective of Health Providers and Service Recipients: A Case Study
Authors: Mansuroğlu Sercan , Davut Özge Eri̇ş 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTAimThis study is a case study that aims to evaluate community‐based mental health services from the perspective of health providers and service recipients through SWOT analysis.MethodsThis qualitative case study was conducted through in‐depth interviews with five healthcare providers providing services in a community mental health centre and five individuals with severe mental disorders receiving services. The data were analysed by content analysis.FindingsAs a result of the content analysis of the data, subthemes were identified under the main themes of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. For service recipients; under the theme of strengths, the subthemes of multidimensional support systems and treatment adherence, and under the theme of weaknesses, the subthemes of insufficient physical environment and insufficient attention were identified. Under the theme of opportunities, the subthemes of awareness, self‐confidence, employment/financial gain, sharing/socialization and problem solving were identified, while under the theme of threats, the subthemes of economic constraints and feeling uncomfortable were revealed. For health providers; under the theme of strengths, the subthemes of holistic approach, early intervention and stigma prevention, under the theme of weaknesses, the subthemes of lack of resources, lack of standards, unqualified team members, inadequate professional/in‐service trainings were revealed. Under the theme of opportunities, the subthemes of autonomous working environment, support systems and aids, and training programmes were identified, while under the theme of threats, the subthemes of economic constraints, stigma exposure, political deficiencies, staff reluctance/burnout, negative perceptions about the centre, and gettıng complacent were identified.ConclusionCommunity‐based mental health services contain strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats according to the views of both health providers and service recipients, and the views of the groups overlap with each other within the supply‐demand mechanism. It can be said that the effectiveness of community‐based mental health services will increase by preventing threats by improving weaknesses and increasing the visibility of opportunities by recognizing strengths.