bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Medical thoracoscopy in evaluation of undiagnosed pleural effusion
Authors: Dar Khurshid Ahmad , Sultan Sheikh Tariq , Jamil Ahmed Jamal , Mehfooz Nazia , Shah Naveed Nazir , Farooq Syed Suraiya , Datta Bikram Singh , Bhat Firdous Manzoor , Wani Lateef Ahmad , Bhat Khalid Feroz 
Published: April 2019

Background: Medical thoracoscopy or pleuroscopy, in recent past has received lot of interest for diagnostic as well as therapeutic purposes. In the evaluation of undiagnosed pleural effusion, it has become a key diagnostic modality as it is a cost effective and safe procedure. The aim of present study was to assess the diagnostic yield of medical thoracoscopy in patients with undiagnosed exudative pleural effusion.Methods: This prospective study was conducted at government chest diseases hospital Srinagar between December 2016 to June 2018. One hundred and twenty-five (125) patients who fulfilled inclusion criteria were included in this study. Thoracoscopy was done using rigid thoracoscope under local anesthesia. Thoracoscopic and histopathological data of enrolled patients was collected prospectively and analysed.Results: Patients enrolled in the study were in the age range of 17 to 82 years and consisted of 80 males and 45 females. Most common thoracoscopic finding was multiple variable sized nodules (53.6%) followed by sago grain infiltration (15.2%). Malignancy was the most common histopathological diagnosis (60.8%) with metastatic adenocarcinoma being the most common histopathological diagnosis (50%). The overall diagnostic yield of thoracoscopy was 90.4%.Conclusions: Medical thoracoscopy is a safe procedure with excellent diagnostic yield for evaluation of undiagnosed pleural effusion with minimal complication rates.
Impact of active smoking on nasal functions in patients with allergic rhinitis
Authors: Chamarajanagara Bhaskara Pratibha , Ross Anita , Gupta Neha 
Published: April 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Allergic rhinitis is an important health problem in view of its prevalence and its impact on patients’ social life, school performance and work productivity. Smoking is known to affect the asthmatic airway inflammation. The additional effect of smoking in impairment of nasal functions in patients with allergic rhinitis is a subject of interest. The aim and objective of this study was to study the effect of active tobacco smoke on mucociliary clearance and olfactory thresholds in allergic rhinitis.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A descriptive observational pilot study was carried out on 40 patients of allergic rhinitis. Nasal mucociliary clearance was measured by saccharine transit time and olfactory threshold test was measured by butanol threshold test score. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The saccharine transit time was significantly prolonged in smokers as compared to nonsmokers. Amongst the subgroups of allergic rhinitis mucociliary clearance was found to be more prolonged with the severity of allergic rhinitis. Butanol threshold test scores were significantly lower in smokers when compared to non- smokers. Amongst the subgroups of allergic rhinitis olfactory threshold was found to be lower with the severity of allergic rhinitis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> In the current study we found that nasal functions were significantly impaired in smokers with allergic rhinitis. This indicates that smoking leads to worsening of symptoms in allergic rhinitis.</p>
Retrospective analysis of total laryngectomy with post-operative radiotherapy for CA larynx in a tertiary care centre: a case series
Authors: Siddique S. Mohamed , Selvarajan G. 
Published: April 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common malignancy of the larynx. Various treatment modalities are available. Recently, total laryngectomy is a viable option as primary treatment or salvage surgery after radiotherapy than organ preservation surgeries. The aim was to analyse the results of the patients with advanced laryngeal cancers treated with total laryngectomy and postoperative radiotherapy.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> It is a retrospective study from January 2015 to June 2018 with 16 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of larynx. Detailed history, examination, radiological, endoscopic evaluation of tumour, tissue biopsy proof and staging was done. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Of the 16 patients (15 male and 1 female), 12 patients (75%) were primary cases and 4 patients (25%) were radiorecurrent. 14 patients (87%) had pre-operative tracheostomy done and 2 patients (13%) had undergone direct laryngectomy. All the 16 patients had transglottic growth. All the patients had undergone total laryngectomy with post-operative radiotherapy. No pharyngocutaneous fistula reported. One patient (6%) had neck edema. One patient (6%) had nodal recurrence.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Total laryngectomy with post-operative radiotherapy affords a longer period of survival compared to radiotherapy alone. Minimal complications in our study are attributed to thorough pre-operative evaluation, meticulous surgical technique and post-operative care.</p><p class="abstract"> </p>
Evaluation of middle ear pressure and post-operative adenoid size in adenotonsillectomy: comparison between curettage and endoscopic assisted coblation technique
Authors: Bhat Sweekritha N. , Dutta Angshuman 
Published: April 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect on middle ear pressure and study the residual adenoid size post adenotonsillectomy after adenotonsillectomy by curettage and endoscopic assisted coblation among pediatric age group.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The present study was designed as a prospective observational study among patients undergoing adenotonsillectomy in a tertiary care hospital among pediatric age group (7-13 years) by measuring middle ear pressure (by tympanometry) and residual adenoids post adenoidectomy by diagnostic nasal endoscopy in 60 patients. The patients were included by simple random sampling, 30 patients for each group one undergoing cold steel the other endoscopic coblation adenotonsillectomy. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Greater reduction was observed in the post-operative adenoid size with endoscopic assisted coblation as compared to curettage. The difference in the middle ear pressure at pre operatively, day 1, day 7 and at 3 months between the study groups was not statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> In our study endoscopic coblation technique was found to be more superior to curettage in terms of greater reduction in adenoid mass. The effects on transient middle ear pressure between both study groups showed no difference. </p>
Clinical significance of paranasal sinuses and its anatomical variations using 3D cone beam computed tomography: a retrospective study
Authors: Gopal Saraswathi , Preetha Madhu 
Published: April 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Paranasal sinuses are a group of four paired air filled spaces surrounding the nasal cavity. During the developmental process, anatomical variations can occur in consequence of intra and extramural migration of the ethmoidal air cells, over pneumatization or hypoplasia of the sinuses and bulging of the neurovascular structures to the sinuses, thereby affecting the drainage pathways, causing chronic infections and complications during functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS). The aim of the study was to study the clinical significance of paranasal sinuses and it’s anatomical variations using CBCT.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A retrospective study was carried out at Meenakshi Ammal Dental College, Chennai, from June 2018 to November 2018 using 100 CBCT images of 50 males and 50 females, with their age group ranging from18-60 years. Radiographic assessment of paranasal sinuses and it’s variations were accurately characterized using customized Planmeca Romexis software and the data was analysed statistically. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> It is found that agar nasi cells were found to be higher 79% followed by Kuhn cells 45%, onodi cells 23% and haller cells 12%. Concha bullosa was found in 39%. Nasal septum was deviated to right in 31% and to the left in 36%. Maxillary sinus septa in 21%, sphenoid sinus pneumatization in 23%,maxillary sinus pneumatization in 2%, and crista galli pneumatization in 7% of the study population. And the results based on gender, the p value is found to be highly significant.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> CBCT is the best tool for imaging the paranasal sinuses including osteo meatal complex, due to its high quality bone definition, thin slicing, multi planar cross-sectioning and low patient dosage.</p>
Benign lesions of the sinonasal tract: clinical study
Authors: S. Sridhara , K. S. Gangadhara , Shetty Hamsa 
Published: April 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Benign nasal mass lesions may remain asymptomatic for a long time. Bothersome symptoms like nasal obstruction, bleeding from nose, headache prompts the patient to visit the hospital. Although these are not life threatening, but yet timely intervention not only relieves patient symptoms but also prevents its further progress which may necessitate a more extensive surgical approach. The aim of the study was to determine the incidence of various benign nasal mass lesions presenting to the ENT outpatient department, by reviewing the histopathological report postoperatively.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> It’s a retrospective study over a period of 4 years and 1 month (from November 2012 to November 2016). Both males and females in the age group 1 yr to 70 yrs, who underwent surgery for nasal mass and histopathologically proved as benign mass, were included in the study. Patient data was collected from medical record section, operation theatre surgical records and histopathology register from the department of pathology.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Histopathology review of 146 cases was done. Majority of the patients (139/146) had non neoplastic lesions and only 7 patients had benign neoplastic lesion. Majority were males and in the age group of 20 to 60 yrs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Though the majority of nasal mass lesions studied are benign non neoplastic, yet these cause bothersome symptoms to the patients thereby requiring surgical intervention. </p>
Type 1 tympanoplasty: does the status of contralateral ear affect the outcome?
Authors: Das Arindam , Mitra Sandipta , Ghosh Debasish , Sengupta Arunabha 
Published: April 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The objective of the study was to investigate the effect of contralateral ear status on the success rate (anatomical closure) of type 1 tympanoplasty.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The study is a prospective observational study comprising of 60 patients diagnosed with chronic otitis media, who underwent type 1 tympanoplasty during 2016-2018 in a tertiary care hospital. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> In our study, contralateral ear was normal in 40 (66.7%) cases &amp; diseased in 20 (33.3%) cases. Success rate of type 1 tympanoplasty in patients with normal contralateral ear was 90% (n=36) but success rate was only 60% (n=12) in diseased contralateral ear. This was statistically significant (p=0.006).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Our study revealed that the status of the opposite ear is an individual prognostic factor for type 1 tympanoplasty. In other words, graft-healing rates are poorer in individuals whose opposite ears are atelectatic or perforated because of chronic otitis media.</p>
Clinicopathological study of asymptomatic thyroid swelling and its correlation with thyroid function tests
Authors: Bhargava Anuja , Faiz Syed M. , Shakeel M. , Singh Nafas J. , Singh Saloni 
Published: April 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Thyroid swelling without symptomatic manifestation is common occurrence and could affect 5 to 20% patients in endemic areas. Majority of them are non neoplastic and may not require surgery. Less than 5% of thyroid nodules are malignant.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Present study was conducted to correlate clinical findings, HRUSG findings, thyroid profile and FNAC findings in patients of asymptomatic thyroid swelling. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Proportion of euthyroid patients was higher compared to hyperthyroid and hypothyroid diagnosed as colloid goiter on FNAC findings (82.4% vs. 0.0% and 12.9%). Proportion of hypothyroid was higher compared to euthyroid and hyperthyroid diagnosed as Follicular adenoma (3.2% vs. 0.0% and 1.2%) and colloid goiter with cystic changes (48.4% vs. 0.0% and 10.6%). Proportion of hyperthyroid compared to hypothyroid and euthyroid patients were higher diagnosed as thyroiditis (75.0% vs. 32.3% and 5.9%) and papillary/medullary CA (25.0% vs. 3.2 and 0.0%). A statistically significant association of FNAC diagnosis and thyroid profile of patients with asymptomatic thyroid swelling was found.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The present study showed that thyroid dysfunction could play a significant role in determining the underlying pathology behind thyroid swelling and must be evaluated at the earliest using thyroid function tests as the first line of diagnostic tool. In case of suspected thyroid profile; USG neck and FNAC should be done. In view of lack of studies correlating thyroid and clinicopathological profiles of thyroid swellings, further studies to potentiate the present study findings are recommended.</p>
Transoral transvsetibular thyroidectomy: an initial approach and experience
Authors: Mehta Raghav , Jain Sanchit , Soni Ravindra 
Published: April 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The objective of the study was to record our intial experience of transoral transvestibular thyroidectomy and to ascertain the problems faced, their possible solutions and further suggestions.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Inclusion criteria were unilateral thyroid swelling, patients who had a neck ultrasound (US) with a estimated thyroid diameter not larger than 8 cm; (b), USG estimated gland volume ≤40 ml, nodule size ≤50 mm, A benign tumor, such as a thyroid cyst, single-nodular goitre, or multinodular goitre. The procedure is carried out through a three-port technique placed at the oral vestibule, one 10-mm port for 30° endoscope and two 5-mm ports for dissecting and coagulating instruments. CO2 insufflation pressure is set at 6 mmHg. An anterior cervical subplatysmal space is created from the oral vestibule down to the sternal notch, laterally to the sternocleidomastoid muscle. Thyroidectomy is done fully endoscopically using conventional endoscopic instruments and Harmonic. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> All transoral transvestibular thyroidectomy procedures were performed successfully with no conversions. The mean operative time was 112.5 (90-180) min. We observed one case of transient postoperative hypocalcemia. There was no recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy. The cosmetic result was excellent in all patients.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Transoral transvestibular thyroidectomy may provide a method for ideal cosmetic results. It also provides a wide and enhanced endoscopic view. Though more study and further instrumental development is required to fully embrace this procedure a preliminary experience show encouraging results.</p>
Evaluating the role of otoendoscope in cholesteatoma surgery
Authors: Gupta Nitika , Lal Mohinder , Gupta Rohan 
Published: April 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Endoscope assisted ear surgery (EAES) reduces the chances of residual cholesteatomas as compared to the conventional microscopic technique, primarily because of the direct visualization of sites where residual cholesteatoma is common, which is often missed out during the traditional microscopic surgical procedure. The aim of the study was to evaluate the hidden areas of middle ear using endoscopes during the conventional microscopic cholesteatoma surgery.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The present prospective study was carried out in the Dept. of Otorhinolaryngology and Head &amp; Neck Surgery, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi Narayana Superspeciality Hospital, Katra, Jammu for a period of one year during which a total of 20 patients of acquired cholesteatoma who underwent conventional microscopic surgery were followed by oto-endoscope assisted examination were enrolled. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Otoendoscope was used in all the surgeries to look for residual cholesteatoma in the hidden areas like protympanum, sinus tympani and anterior attic. An overall incidence of cholesteatoma observed and removed from hidden areas using otoendoscope was recorded to be 30% in the present study.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Microscopic ear surgery assisted with oto-endoscope allows a better visualization of the extent of cholesteatoma and thus improved eradication of residual/recurrent disease from the hidden areas of middle ear such as facial recess, sinus tympani, anterior epitympanic space, protympanum and hypotympanum.</p>
Novel surgical technique for management of tongue schwannoma: case report
Authors: Jain Neha , Shishodia Shama , Dham Ruchima , Roy Suparna , Goel Sachin 
Published: April 2019

<p class="abstract">Schwannomas are rare, solitary, slow growing, smooth surfaced and well encapsulated tumors. Schwannomas of head and neck region account for 25-40% of all the cases. Approximately 1%–12% of schwannomas occur intraorally, the tongue being the most common site. Complete surgical excision is the treatment of choice. In this article, we describe a case of tongue schwannoma in a child, along with diagnostic and treatment options of tongue lesions. The tongue mass was completely excised via trans-oral approach using coblation method. The patient followed up for 1 year; he had an uneventful recovery and no recurrence.</p>
Radiographic evaluation of posterior tibial slope in ACL deficient Indian patients
Authors: Kumar Ravi , Kunal Kishore 
Published: April 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> There are several studies which have investigated various osseous morphologic characteristics as they relate to ACL injury. Tibial slope, notch width, and notch width index are some. However, there does not appear to be consensus across studies. The aim of this study was to validate association between posterior tibial slope (PTS) and ACL injury in an ACL deficient knee of Indian patients.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This retrospective cum prospective study was done at a tertiary hospital from June 2017 to May 2018. 40 patients were included. Inclusion criteria were documented evidence of ACL tear to the affected knee; no history of osteoarthritis; no history of rheumatoid arthritis; patients voluntarily consented for the use of their radiographs for the study. The assessment was completed with a true lateral view of the knee with full length leg and ankle. The functional tibial slope as described by Julliard et al was used to determine the PTS. The mean and standard deviation (SD) for medial PTS were measured. Demographic data like age, sex were collected and entered into a database.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> 95% of patients were male. Mean age was 29.25. The mean PTS was 13.037 which is reasonably high as compared to normal while the standard deviation was 4.487 reflecting large amount of variation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Increased posterior tibial slope can be concluded as a significant risk factor in ACL injury which corroborates the findings of various previously published studies. The findings presented may help identify patients who are at greater risk of ACL injury. </p>
A comparative study of efficacy and safety of platelet rich plasma versus fractional co2 laser in the treatment of post acne scars
Authors: Murali Babu Amita , Shetty Vinma H. , Goel Saumya , Eram Hafsa 
Published: April 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Facial scars prompt restorative issues and have mental impacts, for example, humiliation, poor confidence, and social isolation. This study intends to assess efficacy and safety of platelet rich plasma (PRP) versus CO<sub>2</sub> laser in post acne scar treatment.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> It is an outpatient based comparative study. All patients enlisted in this study were separated into two groups, ten in each treatment group. In group A, patients received PRP month to month for 3 sittings and followed up eight weeks after the third sitting. In group B, patients received fractional CO<sub>2</sub> laser month to month for 3 sittings and followed up eight weeks after the third sitting. Improvement of acne scars was assessed utilizing digital photographs with identical camera settings and Goodman and Baron’s qualitative grading system at beginning, after each sitting and followed up eight weeks after the third sitting. Patients subjectively evaluated clinical improvement eight weeks after the last sitting. Software (SPSS, version 16.0 statistical packages) was used.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Assessment using qualitative acne scars grading system prior to and after treatment as well as patient’s subjective assessment 2 months after the third treatment session showed significant improvement in both groups. The baseline scores before treatment for group A and B were similar (p=0.7678) and final scores of both treatment groups showed no significant difference (p=0.8011) after treatment.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> This study shows that PRP as well as fractional CO<sub>2</sub> laser result in significant clinical change in the quality of post acne scars.</p>
Renal cyst occurring in a case of Darier’s disease
Authors: Thomas Vipul Paul , Sivaramakrishnan Sangiah , Thomas Jayakar 
Published: April 2019

<p>Darier’s disease is a rare genodermatosis inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern. The disease is characterised by chronic persistent hyperkeratotic papular eruptions over the seborrheic regions. </p>
Analisis Vegetasi Tanaman Bawah Berkhasiat Obat Pada Sistem Agrisilvikultur di Lembang Sereale Toraja Utara
Authors: Ura’ Resti 
Published: April 2019

Analisis vegetasi dilakukan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar sebaran berbagai spesies dalam suatu area melalui pengamatan langsung. Oleh karena itu maka dilakukan penelitian mengenai analisis vegetasi tumbuhan bawah berkhasiat obat pada sistem agrisilvikultur di Lembang Sereale Toraja Utara. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode analisis deskriptif kualitatatif. Hasil penelitian jenis tumbuhan bawah berkhasiat obat pada sistem agrisilvikultur dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat 9 jenis dari 7 familia tanaman bawah berkhasiat obat yang dibudidayakan oleh masyarakat dalam sistem agrisilvikultur. Indeks Nilai Penting (INP) pada tanaman bawah berkhasiat obat tertinggi adalah jenis Colocasia esculenta sebanyak 103,05% merupakan tanaman yang dominan dan terendah pada jenis tanaman Sauropus androgymus dan Orthosiphon aristatus sebanyak 3,82% merupakan jenis yang tidak dominan. Sistem agrisilvikultur di Lembang Sereale memiliki indeks kekayaan jenis termasuk dalam kategori rendah (R = 1,508), nilai indeks keanekaragaman jenis berada pada kategori rendah (H’ = 0,843), dan nilai indeks kemerataan jenis kategori rendah (E = 0,383).