bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A methodology for a global-local fatigue analysis of ancient riveted metallic bridges
Authors: Leite Regina C.G. , de Jesus Abilio M.P. , Correia José , Raposo Patricia , Jorge Renato N. , Parente Marco Paulo , Calçada Rui 
Published: May 2018

Purpose
Recent studies have proposed the application of local fatigue approaches based on fracture mechanics or on strain-life material relations for the fatigue analysis of metallic structures. However, only few studies in the literature apply local approaches in the riveted bridges analysis; although these approaches can be applied to any type of connections, requiring a detailed stress analysis of joints and, consequently, considerable computational resources costs. The approach based on S-N curves, formulated in nominal or net stresses, is more usual in the fatigue analysis of riveted bridges. Due to economic factors, riveted bridges have had their operating life extended, while changes in the transport system over the years have subjected such structures to overloads different from those originally planned. These bridges, most of them centenary, were not originally designed accounting for fatigue damage; they represent an important group of structures that are very likely subjected to significant fatigue damage indexes. These factors make necessary detailed residual fatigue life studies to substantiate the decisions of extend (or not) the operational period of these bridges. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
The present paper presents a methodology aiming at applying the local approaches in the fatigue analysis of riveted joints of metallic bridges, through the use of sub-modeling techniques and procedures automation. The use of such techniques made such an application viable by keeping the computational costs involved at a moderate level. The proposed procedures were demonstrated using the Trezói Railway Bridge, located on the Beira Alta line, Portugal, built shortly after the Second World War. The proposed set of procedures allowed, through finite elements analysis, to obtain the relevant stresses to perform local fatigue damage analysis. A global structural model was constructed, using beam elements, and local models of a critical node were built with solid finite elements. The structure is analyzed under the passage of regulatory trains. The details of the modeling performed and the computation of the principal stresses in the vicinity of a node and the tangential/circumferential stresses at the holes of two critical riveted connections of that node are analyzed and a fatigue damage analysis is carried out.

Findings
In the proposed submodelling approach, disassembling the complex riveted nodes into riveted subassemblies allowed the evaluation of the local stresses at riveted holes at an affordable computational cost.

Originality/value
A methodology is proposed to allow the application of local fatigue analysis in real complex riveted joints, mitigating the computational costs that would result from a full model of the node with all rivets.
Building, breaking, overriding…? Migrants and institutional trust in the Danish welfare state
Authors: Fersch Barbara , Breidahl Karen N. 
Published: May 2018

Purpose
Migrants constitute an interesting case concerning the question of how trust in welfare state institutions can emerge, as one can study their newly built relationships with such institutions in a distinct way. The Danish welfare state can be considered a “high trust” context. Against this background, the purpose of this paper is to provide an analysis of qualitative interviews with migrants on how institutional trust in the welfare state can emerge with migrants in Denmark as a case.

Design/methodology/approach
With the help of a multi-dimensional theoretical concept, this paper provides an analysis of qualitative interviews with migrants on how institutional trust in the welfare state can emerge.

Findings
A perceived experience of distributive justice appears to be of crucial importance for building trust. Furthermore, strong trust in the systemic checks and balances of the welfare state can “override” negative experiences at its access points, that is, welfare state professionals.

Research limitations/implications
Taking into account the relatively limited number of interviews, the presented claims drawn from the empirical material are limited. The aim is to reveal some (new) tendencies that can be investigated in future research.

Originality/value
The paper contributes to a deeper understanding of the complexity of trust-generating mechanisms.
Consumer attitudes and communication in circular fashion
Authors: Vehmas Kaisa , Raudaskoski Anne , Heikkilä Pirjo , Harlin Ali , Mensonen Aino 
Published: May 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore consumers’ views and expectations on circular clothing. This paper also clarifies how the remanufacturing process should be communicated and circular fashion marketed to consumers.

Design/methodology/approach
The research methodology consisted of consumer interviews, utilising an online innovation platform (Owela) to involve consumers and workshops with project partners and with external stakeholders.

Findings
Consumers’ interest towards recycling and sustainable solutions has increased. They appreciate the idea of recycling textile waste to produce new clothes; circular products should become “the new normal”. Consumers are asking for more visible and concrete information about circular clothing and how their behaviour has affected the environmental aspects of textile production. The communication should be timed correctly by using multiple communication channels and also paying attention to the shopping experience. In addition, digital services alongside circular clothing could create additional value for consumers.

Research limitations/implications
In this study, only consumers from Finland were involved. The results might be different in different parts of Europe and especially worldwide.

Originality/value
This study focusses on circular clothing – an area that has not been studied much before. Also, consumers involved in this study were of a different age compared to most of the previous studies, where the focus has been mainly on young college students.
Contingency factors and reshoring drivers in the textile and apparel industry
Authors: Moore Megan E. , Rothenberg Lori , Moser Harry 
Published: May 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between contingency factors and reshoring drivers in the US textile and apparel industry.

Design/methodology/approach
Secondary data on the reshoring drivers and contingency factors for 140 US textile and apparel companies are analyzed using analysis of proportions.

Findings
The findings show that total annual revenue is significantly related to the reshoring driver of skilled workforce. No significant relationships are present between reshoring drivers and the region of the world reshored from not the region of the USA from which a company operates. There is a significant relationship between market segment and the reshoring driver of manufacturing process. The US production category (reshored, FDI, or kept from offshoring) exhibits a significant relationship with sustainability-related and cost-related reshoring drivers. Quality is a significant driver for reshoring from 2010 to 2016, although decreasing as a reported reason over that time period.

Research limitations/implications
Limitations include a focus on one industry, the lack of information to investigate the differences between companies making captive or outsourced reshoring decisions, and the use of companies who publicly announced reshoring.

Practical implications
This study outlines the relationships between contingency factors and reshoring drivers. The results provide companies with information about resources that will be demand (e.g. skilled workers) as well as policies and regulations that may be developed to address concerns such as sustainability.

Originality/value
This study adds to the limited number of studies on the relationships between contingency factors and reshoring drivers and contributes to the quantitative research on reshoring drivers.
Network-facilitated green innovation capability development in micro-firms
Authors: Mellett Sinead , Kelliher Felicity , Harrington Denis 
Published: May 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to evaluate key criteria underpinning network-facilitated green innovation capability development in micro-firms.Design/methodology/approachMicro-firms, those firms with less than ten full-time employees, need to continuously innovate in order to sustain their business in the emerging green economy. This study uses an interpretive multiple case approach to explore micro-firm owner-manager (O/M) green innovation activities, encompassing O/M views on facilitated network engagement in Ireland and Canada over a 12-month period.FindingsThe findings show that proactive implementation of green innovation is influenced by the O/M’s natural environment orientation and the potential for economic gain, while facilitated networks provide an additional resource that the O/M can draw from that allows the O/M to test new ideas, comprehend new and existing legislation and identify potential supports in pursuit of green innovation capability development within the micro-firm.Research limitations/implicationsThis study offers a contribution to knowledge in the areas of green innovation, micro-firm capabilities and facilitated network engagement. However, the sample size is small and distance was a challenge, yet data and case protocols are in place which allow for replication of the study. As the research is embedded in the resource and capability theories, alternative theoretical frameworks may shed a different light on the research question.Originality/valuePrior studies have found that facilitated networks have a positive impact on micro-firm sustainability as these networks enhance the firm’s constrained resource base. The proposed framework can be used as a guideline for support organisations including facilitated networks in assisting micro-firms in reaching their green innovation goals and objectives. It can also be used by micro-firms in the attainment of the green innovation capability.
Public Support for Older Disabled People: Evidence from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing on Receipt of Disability Benefits and Social Care Subsidy
Authors: Hancock Ruth , Morciano Marcello , Pudney Stephen 
Published: May 2018

AbstractIn England, state support for older people with disabilities consists of a national system of non‐means‐tested cash disability benefits and a locally administered means‐tested system of social care. Evidence on how the combination of the two systems targets those in most need is lacking. We estimate a latent factor structural equation model of disability and receipt of one or both forms of support. The model integrates the measurement of disability and its influence on receipt of state support, allowing for the socio‐economic gradient in disability, and adopts income and wealth constructs appropriate to each part of the model.We find that receipt of each form of support rises as disability increases, with a strong concentration on the most disabled, especially for local‐authority‐funded care. The overlap between the two programmes is confined to the most disabled. Less than half of recipients of local‐authority‐funded care also receive a disability benefit; a third of those in the top 10 per cent of the disability distribution receive neither form of support. Despite being non‐means‐tested, disability benefits display a degree of income and wealth targeting, as a consequence of the socio‐economic gradient in disability and likely disability benefit claims behaviour. The scope for improving income/wealth targeting of disability benefits by means testing them, as some have suggested, is thus less than might be expected.
Adsorption of Soluble Immunoglobulin‐Type Adhesion Molecules to Cellulose Acetate Beads
Authors: Nishise Shoichi , Takeda Yuji , Nara Hidetoshi , Abe Yasuhiko , Sasaki Yu , Asao Hironobu , Ueno Yoshiyuki 
Published: May 2018

AbstractCirculating levels of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule‐1 (sICAM‐1) and vascular adhesion molecule‐1 (sVCAM‐1) are elevated in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Cellulose acetate (CA) beads are used as carriers for granulocyte and monocyte (GM) adsorptive apheresis (GMA). We investigated the effect of CA beads on sICAM‐1 and sVCAM‐1 plasma concentrations in vitro. Because GM adsorption to CA beads increased with a rise in the incubation temperature in our previous study, peripheral blood was incubated with and without CA beads at 5, 25, 37, or 43 °C and plasma sICAM‐1 and sVCAM‐1 was measured. The sICAM‐1 and sVCAM‐1 concentrations in samples incubated with CA beads were significantly lower than those without CA beads at all four temperatures. However, no significant differences were observed both sICAM‐1 and sVCAM‐1 plasma levels at the four different temperatures after incubation with CA beads. These results suggest that independent of incubation temperature, sICAM‐1 and sVCAM‐1 are likely to adsorb CA beads. These molecules may be a new index for predicting the therapeutic effects of GMA.
Expression of FcRn receptor in placental tissue and its relationship with IgG levels in term and preterm newborns
Authors: Lozano Natalia A. , Lozano Alejandro , Marini Vanina , Saranz Ricardo J. , Blumberg Richard S. , Baker Kristi , Agresta Maria F. , Ponzio Marina F. 
Published: May 2018

ProblemIgG is the only antibody class, that is, actively transferred from the mother to the fetus across the placenta by an active, neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) mediated process during pregnancy, conferring passive immunity and protection against infections to the newborn during the first months of life. Preterm infants may not receive sufficient titers of protective antibodies, as most of them are transferred only after the 34th week of gestation. Because of the great importance of this process, we investigated in a clinical setting the placental transmission of IgG antibodies in term and preterm newborns.Method of studyThis work was conducted in 85 woman and their newborns, divided into four groups according to their clinical gestational age (≤37 weeks were considered as preterm). Blood samples were collected from the mothers and their newborns’ umbilical cords to analyze total serum IgG concentrations, and a subgroup of 32 placentas was analyzed by immunohistochemistry to quantify the expression of the FcRn receptor.ResultsTotal IgG levels in both mothers and neonates increased significantly through the third trimester of gestation. Regarding the newborns, in all groups, IgG levels exceeded their mother's values by a ~2.4%. A higher expression of FcRn was detected in placentas from newborns at week 36 of gestation onwards.ConclusionOur results obtained from clinical samples, were in line with previous descriptions in model systems and confirmed that the IgG transfer from maternal serum to the fetus is positively correlated with FcRn expression in placental tissue throughout gestation.
Robotic resection of recurrent pediatric lipoblastoma
Authors: Criss Cory N , Grant Christa , Ralls Matthew W , Geiger James D 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThis case demonstrates successful resection of a rare, recurrent presacral‐pelvic lipoblastoma in a 19‐year‐old female patient. Because of the anatomical location of the mass and its proximity to vital structures, the robotic approach allowed for both optimal visualization and effective debulking of the mass. Furthermore, with the use of an articulating laparoscopic camera, key visualization of the posterior lateral pelvis was possible. Using a wide breadth of technologies and resources is essential to broadening the surgical armamentarium and achieving resectability in otherwise challenging cases.
Predictors of 1‐ and 2‐year mortality in patients with rectal cancer
Authors: Quintana J. M. , González N. , Lázaro S. , Baré M. , Fernández‐de‐Larrea N. , Redondo M. , Briones E. , Escobar A. , Sarasqueta C. , García‐Gutierrez S. , Antón‐Ladislao A. ,   the REDISSEC‐CARESS/CCR group
Published: May 2018

AbstractAimTools are needed to aid in the assessment of the prognosis of patients with rectal cancer regarding the risk of medium‐term mortality. The aim of this study was to develop and validate clinical prediction rules for 1‐ and 2‐year mortality in patients undergoing surgery for rectal cancer.MethodA prospective cohort study of patients diagnosed with rectal cancer who underwent surgery was carried out. The main outcomes were mortality at 1 and 2 years after surgery. Background, clinical parameters and diagnostic test findings were evaluated as possible predictors. Multivariable survival models were used in the statistical analyses.ResultsPredictors of 1‐year mortality were being a current smoker [hazard ratio (HR) 4.98], having a Charlson index adjusted by age > 5 (HR 2.61), the presence of vascular, perineural or lymphatic invasion (HR 3.30), the presence of residual tumour at the operation (R‐stage) (HR 8.64) and TNM stage (HR for TNM IV 5.10) [concordance index (C‐index) 0.799 (95% CI: 0.71–0.89)]. Age greater than 80 years (HR 2.19), being a current smoker (HR 2.20), the pre‐intervention haemoglobin level (HR 2.02), need for blood transfusion (HR 2.12), vascular, perineural or lymphatic invasion (HR 2.59), R‐stage of the operation (HR 6.13) and TNM stage (HR for TNM IV 4.43) were predictors of 2‐year mortality [C‐index 0.779 (0.718–0.840)]. Adjuvant chemotherapy was an additional predictor at both outcome durations.ConclusionThese clinical parameters show good predictive values and are easy and quick‐to‐use tools to help in clinical decision making.
Diabetes and ischaemic stroke outcome
Authors: MacDougal E. L. , Herman W. H. , Wing J. J. , Morgenstern L. B. , Lisabeth L. D. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractAimTo compare all‐cause mortality, stroke recurrence and functional outcomes in people who have experienced stroke, with and without diabetes.MethodsWe captured data on population‐based ischaemic strokes (2006–2012) in Nueces County, Texas. Data were collected from participant interviews and medical records. Differences in cumulative mortality and stroke recurrence risk by diabetes status were estimated at 30 days and 1 year using Cox models. Differences in 90‐day functional outcomes (activities of daily living/instrumental activities of daily living score: range 1–4; higher scores worse) by diabetes status were assessed using Tobit regression. Effect modification by ethnicity was examined.ResultsThere were 1301 ischaemic strokes, 46% with history of known diabetes. The median (interquartile range) age was 70 (58–81) years and 61% were Mexican American. People with diabetes were younger and more likely to be Mexican American compared with those without diabetes. After adjustment, diabetes predicted mortality (30‐day hazard ratio 1.44, 95% CI 0.97–2.12; 1‐year hazard ratio 1.47, 95% CI 1.09–1.97) but not stroke recurrence (1‐year hazard ratio 1.27, 95% CI 0.78–2.07). People with diabetes had a worse functional outcome score that was explained by cardiovascular risk factors and pre‐stroke factors. Diabetes was not associated with functional outcome in the fully adjusted model (final adjusted activities of daily living/instrumental activities of daily living score difference 0.11, 95% CI –0.07 to 0.30). Effect modification by ethnicity was not significant (P>0.3 for all models).ConclusionsDiabetes was associated with higher mortality and worse functional outcome but not stroke recurrence. Interventions are needed to decrease the adverse outcomes associated with diabetes, particularly in Mexican‐American people.
Acquiring intensifier variation abroad: Exploring muy and bien in Spain and Mexico
Authors: Kanwit Matthew , Elias Vanessa , Clay Rebecca 
Published: May 2018

AbstractResearch on nativelike variation in second language (L2) systems indicates that learners studying abroad may adapt to regional norms as they build sociolinguistic competence (e.g., Kanwit & Solon, ; Salgado‐Robles, ). Spanish exhibits variation between the intensifiers muy [very] and bien [very] across numerous dialects. Recent research has shown greater preference for bien in Latin America than in Spain (Brown & Cortés‐Torres, ; Kanwit, Terán, & Pisabarro Sarrió, ). Nevertheless, variable intensification in L2 Spanish remains uninvestigated. Data showed that learners studying in Mérida, Mexico, selected bien significantly more than did learners in Oviedo, Spain, at the conclusion of a 6‐week stay abroad. This parallels the significantly higher selection on the same task by local Spaniards compared to local Mexican native speakers. Nonetheless, independent linguistic variables played a less straightforward role.
“I think I sound stupid if I try to use those words”: The role of metapragmatic awareness in the study abroad language classroom
Authors: Fernández Julieta 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThis study investigates the instructional treatment of Argentine Spanish vernacular (i.e., lunfardo), metapragmatic information about its use provided by instructors, and participants’ metapragmatic awareness of vernacular use in a second language (L2) Spanish study abroad (SA) classroom. The participants were 12 American undergraduate students taking Spanish courses at an SA institute in Argentina. The educators were eight university‐level instructors who were native speakers of Argentine Spanish. The analysis triangulates data from classroom observations, classroom materials, a language awareness test, and semi‐structured interviews with the participants. The results indicate that although the L2 instructors provided instruction on the use of vernacular, they appeared to do so without providing sufficient metapragmatic information for the students to understand and use vernacular competently in interactions with locals. The significance of a pedagogical focus on vernacular that begins predeparture and encourages active student participation is discussed.
Childhood central adiposity at ages 5 and 9 shows consistent relationship with that of the maternal grandmother but not other grandparents
Authors: Somerville R. , Khalil H. , Segurado R. , Mehegan J. , Viljoen K. , Heinen M. , Murrin C. , Kelleher C. C. 
Published: May 2018

SummaryBackgroundThe importance of a life course approach to childhood obesity has been emphasized; however, few studies can prospectively investigate relationships in three‐generation families.ObjectiveTo prospectively investigate the relationship between grandparental and grandchild waist circumference (WC) at ages 5 and 9 down maternal and paternal lines.MethodsAt baseline in the Lifeways Cross‐Generation Cohort, 1094 children were born to 1082 mothers; 585 were examined at age 5 and 298 at age 9. Of the total 589 children with measured WC, data were also available from 745 grandparents. Child WC was standardized for age and sex, and theory‐based hierarchical linear regression was used.ResultsMaternal grandmother (MGM) WC was predictive of grandchild WC at both time points. At age 5, grandchild's standardized birth weight (B = 0.266, p = 0.001), mother's means tested eligibility for free medical care (B = 1.029, p = 0.001) and grandchild seeing maternal grandparents daily (B = 0.312, p = 0.048) were significant alongside MGM WC (B = 0.015, p = 0.019). At age 9, only MGM WC (B = 0.022, p = 0.033) and mother's WC (B = 0.032, p = 0.005) were significant. Mediation analysis with mother's WC showed significant direct relationship of MGM and grandchild WC.ConclusionsThis prospective cross‐generational cohort shows consistent patterns of association between MGM and grandchild WC, not seen in other grandparental lineages.