bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electronic Communication, Telehealth, and Social Media
Authors: Khanna Muniya S. , Chou Tommy 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Explosive growth of communication technologies and increased ubiquity of Internet access in both urban and rural communities and particularly in youth have occurred. Coupled with concerns regarding limitations to traditional service provision models, researchers and practitioners are looking to affordable, acceptable technologies to expand the reach of evidence-based care and reduce barriers to intervention and unmet need in areas with few providers. This chapter describes the present literature on use of video teleconferencing, web-based programs, social media, and smartphone apps to enhance mental health intervention delivery, psychiatric assessment, and training and supervision. The strengths of the various delivery methods are discussed for providing empirically supported mental healthcare, focusing on implications related to science and practice with children and families. Outlined also are current limitations, risks, and challenges to technology-mediated services, including the significant gaps in the evidence base underlying these technologies and the legal, ethical, and safety issues that remain.
Neurobiological Mechanisms of Psychopathology and Treatment Action
Authors: Beauchaine Theodore P. , Zisner Aimee R. , Hayden Elizabeth P. 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
In recent years, it has become increasingly clear that common forms of psychopathology derive from complex interactions among neurobiological vulnerabilities and environmental adversities. These interactions can alter neurobehavioral development to yield progressively intractable forms of psychopathology across childhood and adolescence. This chapter focuses on neurobiological mechanisms of trait impulsivity, trait anxiety, stress reactivity, and emotion regulation/executive function. How these traits confer vulnerability to externalizing disorders, internalizing disorders, heterotypic comorbidity, and heterotypic continuity is described. Next, neurobiological mechanisms of treatment response are considered. Trait impulsivity and trait anxiety are highly heritable and derive initially from subcortical structures that mature early in life. In contrast, emotion regulation and executive function, which modulate trait impulsivity and trait anxiety, are more sensitive to environmental influence and derive from cortical structures that mature into young adulthood. Neurobiological mechanisms of psychosocial treatment response are represented largely in the cortex and its neuromodulatory connections with the subcortex.
Emerging Ethical and Legal Issues in Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology
Authors: Fried Adam L. , Fisher Celia B. 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Clinical practice and research with children and adolescents diagnosed with mental health conditions can raise complex ethical questions that touch on fundamental tensions between core ethical principles, such as autonomy, beneficence, and nonmaleficence. This chapter focuses on three dynamic ethics areas that often raise complex ethical questions in child and adolescent clinical psychology: (a) informed consent and assent policies and procedures; (b) confidentiality policies and disclosure decision-making; and (c) developing and maintaining competence. Traditional ethics sources, such as professional codes, laws and regulations, and professional guidelines, are discussed; evidence-based ethics approaches are examined that, in conjunction with traditional ethics sources, can provide contextual information to inform ethical decision-making and help psychologists tailor procedures to specific participant/client populations and/or settings.
Shifting Dynamics
Authors: Foley Catherine 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThis chapter examines the shifting dynamics of practice and transmission in sean nós dancing, an Irish solo, percussive, and semi-improvisatory dance form. This dance form extended its contexts of practice in the 1970s from rural, informal, and intimate gatherings in Conamara in the west of Ireland, to a national staged competitive event, the Oireachtas, considered to be the primary national competition for sean nós dancers. The chapter argues that competition culture influenced the transmission and practice of the dance form and the ethno-aesthetic embodied in its practice. With live television broadcasts of the competition from the first decade of the 2000s, an increased interest in sean nós dancing in Ireland and further afield followed, and concerns around issues of performance, identity, place, and authenticity arose.
Israel’s National Security Policy
Authors: Freilich Chuck 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Israel has responded to the uniquely harsh strategic environment it has faced ever since its establishment by developing defensive capabilities totally disproportionate to its size and has become a regional power, its existence no longer truly in doubt. Nevertheless, Israel continues to face the severe threats of weapons of mass destruction, terrorism, rockets, and cyberattacks, primarily from Iran, Hezbollah, and Hamas; the ongoing conflict with the Palestinians; and demographic challenges. This article presents both the fundamental changes that have taken place in Israel’s strategic environment, from conventional, state-based threats to primarily asymmetrical ones, and the responses it has developed to date. It also addresses Israel’s relations with the United States and other primary international actors, as well as Israel’s nuclear and regional arms control policy.
Capitalist Social Reproduction
Authors: Gimenez Martha E. 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
This entry will look at Marx’s theoretical contributions to social reproduction in relationship to critical assessments of his alleged “neglect” of reproduction and to the development of the social sciences, particularly the “radical” social sciences that emerged in the late 1960s and early 1970s, and continued to develop ever since. Marx, as well as Engels, offered important insights for understanding social reproduction as an abstract feature of human societies that, however, can only be fully understood in its historically specific context (i.e., in the context of the interface between modes of production and social formations). Social reproduction in the twenty-first century is capitalist social reproduction, inherently contradictory, as successful struggles for the reproduction of the working classes, for example, do not necessarily challenge capitalism. Finally, this article argues that radical social scientists, because they identify the capitalist foundations of the social phenomena they study, have made important contributions to the study of capitalist reproduction.
The Commodification of Knowledge and Information
Authors: Rotta Tomás , Teixeira Rodrigo 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
This entry presents an analysis of the commodification of knowledge and information in contemporary capitalism. We provide a consistent account of how information as a commodity effects the workings of both capitalism and of Marxist theory. The first part of the chapter critically revisits Marx’s own writings on the commodification of knowledge and how the immaterial labor hypothesis initially interpreted these writings. Based on the new categories knowledge-commodity and knowledge-rent, we then present our own approach in response to the challenges raised by the immaterial labor hypothesis. Lastly, there is an analysis of the more recent contributions on the commodification of knowledge and information within the Marxist literature. The current debate on the value of knowledge has been divided between two camps: the reproduction cost approach and the average cost approach. Finally, there is a look at empirical estimates of the magnitudes of knowledge-rents.
Katharine McBride, 1935, and “Aphasia”
Authors: Risser Anthony H. 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
In 1929, eminent Philadelphia neurologist Theodore Weisenburg invited Bryn Mawr College psychology graduate student Katharine McBride to join him in a funded, multi-year study of the assessment and empirical classification of aphasia. The result was their co-authored 1935 book Aphasia: A Clinical and Psychological Study, a novel work that advanced an essentially equal weighting of standardized psychological testing alongside the clinical neurological examination. “Orphaned” by the death of Weisenburg and a career change by McBride, Aphasia would nonetheless become a significant and influential anchor point to the subsequent development of aphasia batteries, albeit one that would remain in stagnancy as a product of 1929–1935. A pioneer, it can be argued that McBride was one of the best neuropsychologists we never had. Her subsequent career in higher education attests to what we missed by not having her within our profession.
The relationship between type 1 IFN and vasculopathy in anti-MDA5 antibody-positive dermatomyositis patients
Authors: Ono Nobuyuki , Kai Keita , Maruyama Akihito , Sakai Mariko , Sadanaga Yuri , Koarada Shuichi , Inoue Takuya , Tada Yoshifumi 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Objective
Based on the antibody profiles of inflammatory myositis patients, we investigated the type 1 IFN (T1-IFN) signature in serum and DM skin to determine the relationship between T1-IFN and vasculopathy in anti-melanoma differentiation-associated 5 gene (MDA5) antibody-positive DM patients.

Methods
We examined 47 patients with new-onset inflammatory myositis. We divided them into three groups: the anti-MDA5 antibody-positive patients (MDA5 group, n = 16), the anti-aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase antibody-positive patients (aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase group, n = 12), and the double-negative patients (n = 19). Serum T1-IFN signatures were revealed by a functional reporter assay, and we evaluated the T1-IFN signatures of skin based on Mx1 expression by immunohistochemistry.

Results
The numbers of patients with classical DM, clinically amyopathic DM and interstitial lung disease were 1, 15 and 13 in the MDA5 group, 2, 3 and 11 in the aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase group, and 10, 1 and 4 in the double-negative group, respectively. The signs of vasculopathies (i.e. palmer papules, skin ulcers and mononeuritis multiplex) were identified only in the MDA5 patients. Most of the MDA5 group showed the highest serum T1-IFN signatures among the three groups. In the histological analysis of DM skin, perivascular inflammations were significant in the MDA5 group. The MDA5 group’s Mx1 expression was significantly strong, distributed in blood vessels and interstitial fibroblasts, and had spread to deep dermis.

Conclusion
Anti-MDA5 antibody-positive DM patients showed high T1-IFN signatures in serum and affected skin. The high T1-IFN signatures of the MDA5 antibody-positive DM patients in serum and deep vasculatures suggested that T1-IFN may have important roles in the vasculopathy of these patients.
Which Study Strategies Are Nursing Faculty Recommending?
Authors: Michael Robert Kelly , Martin Kristopher 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
This exploratory research project examines nurse faculty preferences regarding study strategies often suggested to nursing students. Respondents were nursing faculty (n = 152) currently teaching in nursing programs in a southern state. Findings reveal that, although faculty suggest an array of “high” and “moderate” utility study methods, they also advise students to employ methods with “low” or unknown levels of utility. These findings suggest a need for faculty development with a focus on highlighting efficacious study strategies.
Variability in skilled nursing facility screening and admission processes: Implications for value-based purchasing
Authors: Lawrence Emily , Casler Jessica-Jean , Jones Jacqueline , Leonard Chelsea , Ladebue Amy , Ayele Roman , Cumbler Ethan , Allyn Rebecca , Burke Robert E. 
Published: November 2018

Background:
Hospitalized older adults are increasingly admitted to skilled nursing facilities (SNFs) for posthospital care. However, little is known about how SNFs screen and evaluate potential new admissions. In an era of increasing emphasis on postacute care outcomes, these processes may represent an important target for interventions to improve the value of SNF care.

Purpose:
The aim of this study was to understand (a) how SNF clinicians evaluate hospitalized older adults and make decisions to admit patients to an SNF and (b) the limitations and benefits of current practices in the context of value-based payment reforms.

Methods:
We used semistructured interviews to understand the perspective of 18 clinicians at three unique SNFs—including physicians, nurses, therapists, and liaisons. All transcripts were analyzed using a general inductive theme-based approach.

Results:
We found that the screening and admission processes varied by SNF and that variability was influenced by three key external pressures: (a) inconsistent and inadequate transfer of medical documentation, (b) lack of understanding among hospital staff of SNF processes and capabilities, and (c) hospital payment models that encouraged hospitals to discharge patients rapidly. Responses to these pressures varied across SNFs. For example, screening and evaluation processes to respond to these pressures included gaining access to electronic medical records, providing inpatient physician consultations prior to SNF acceptance, and turning away more complex patients for those perceived to be more straightforward rehabilitation patients.

Conclusions:
We found facility behavior was driven by internal and external factors with implications for equitable access to care in the era of value-based purchasing.

Practice Implications:
SNFs can most effectively respond to these pressures by increasing their agency within hospital–SNF relationships and prioritizing more careful patient screening to match patient needs and facility capabilities.
The Incidence of Lacrimal Drainage Disorders Across a Tertiary Eye Care Network: Customization of an Indigenously Developed Electronic Medical Record System—eyeSmart
Authors: Das Anthony Vipin , Rath Suryasnata , Naik Milind N. , Ali Mohammad Javed 
Published: November 2018

Purpose:
To assess the incidence of lacrimal drainage disorders across a tertiary eye care network in India.

Methods:
A 5-year retrospective review of all the patients who were diagnosed with lacrimal drainage disorders across the tertiary care network of L.V. Prasad Eye Institute was performed from January 2013 to December 2017. All the patient data were retrieved using all the diagnostic terms assigned to the lacrimal drainage disorders in the in-house electronic medical record system eyeSmart. The incidence of each disorder, demographic details, and clinical presentations were captured.

Results:
A total of 20,102 patients were diagnosed with lacrimal drainage disorders in the 5-year period. The 2 most prevalent disorders were primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction (n = 10,364, 51.56%) followed by congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (CNLDO; n = 5394, 26.83%). The most frequently encountered proximal lacrimal disorder was punctal stenosis (n = 603, 3%). More than 2/3rd of the patients presented with epiphora as their presenting complaint (n = 13,907, 69.18%) followed by a discharge (n = 4023, 20.01%). Although two-thirds of the patient with primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction were females (n = 7081, 68.32%), the same was not true for the CNLDO group, where there was a near equal gender distribution (M:F = 1.06:1). Predisposition to laterality was neither noted in primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction nor in CNLDO. The prevalence of complex CNLDO was 16.80% (n = 907), the rest being simple CNLDO. It was easy to capture the incidence of lacrimal disorders with the electronic medical record system; however, the same was not true for the surgical details. The reasons for this were lack of clarity with surgical codes, no separate drop downs for success/failure or complications, and variations in the documentation.

Conclusions:
This study depicts the incidence of various lacrimal drainage disorders in a very large cohort of patients. There is a need to modify the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) classification to incorporate all the diagnostic terminologies commonly used so as to capture the real global scenario. The present study helped to further customize the electronic medical record system that caters to the intricacies of lacrimal disorders.
Eculizumab Is Safe and Effective as a Long‐term Treatment for Protein‐losing Enteropathy Due to CD55 Deficiency
Authors: Kurolap Alina , Eshach Adiv Orly , Hershkovitz Tova , Tabib Adi , Karbian Netanel , Paperna Tamar , Mory Adi , Vachyan Arcadi , Slijper Nadav , Steinberg Ran , Zohar Yaniv , Mevorach Dror , Baris Feldman Hagit 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTObjectives:Loss of the complement inhibitor CD55 leads to a syndrome of early‐onset protein‐losing enteropathy (PLE), associated with intestinal lymphangiectasia and susceptibility to large‐vein thrombosis. The in vitro and short‐term treatment benefits of eculizumab (C5‐inhibitor) therapy for CD55‐deficiency have been previously demonstrated. Here we present the 18‐months treatment outcomes for 3 CD55‐deficiency patients with sustained therapeutic response.Methods:Three CD55‐deficiency patients received off‐label eculizumab treatment. Clinical and laboratory treatment outcomes included frequency and consistency of bowl movements, weight, patient/parent reports of overall well‐being, and serum albumin and total protein levels. Membrane attack complex deposition on leukocytes was tested by flow cytometry, before and during eculizumab treatment.Results:Marked clinical improvement was noted in all 3 patients with resolution of PLE manifestations, that is, diarrhea, edema, malabsorption, overall well‐being, growth, and quality of life. In correlation with the clinical observations, we observed progress in all laboratory outcome parameters, including increase in albumin and total protein levels, and up to 80% reduction in membrane attack complex deposition on leukocytes (P < 0.001). The progress persisted over 18 months of treatment without any severe adverse events.Conclusions:CD55‐deficiency patients present with early‐onset diarrhea, edema, severe hypoalbuminemia, abdominal pain, and malnutrition. Targeted therapy with the terminal complement inhibitor eculizumab has positive clinical and laboratory outcomes in PLE related to CD55 loss‐of‐function mutations, previously a life‐threatening condition. Our results demonstrate the potential of genetic diagnosis to guide tailored treatment, and underscore the significant role of the complement system in the intestine.
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases and School Absenteeism
Authors: Eloi Clémentine , Foulon Gauthier , Bridoux‐Henno Laure , Breton Estelle , Pelatan Cecile , Chaillou Emilie , Grimal Isabelle , Darviot Estelle , Carré Emilie , Gastineau Swellen , Tourtelier Yann , Nicaise Dorothee , Rousseau Chloe , Dabadie Alain 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTObjectives:Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are chronic diseases which negatively affect the schooling of children. The aim is to analyze school absenteeism and its causes in children followed for IBD.Methods:A prospective multicenter study of IBD patients aged from 5 to 18 years old, from September 2016 to June 2017. Data on absenteeism and its causes were collected via a monthly questionnaire completed by patients or their family by mail. The results were compared with existing data supplied by the school authorities (497 students without IBD divided by class).Results:A total of 106 patients (62 boys), median age of 14 (5–18), were included. The global response rate was 83.1%. The patients with IBD were absent an average of 4.8% ± 5.5% of school days during the school year, against 3.2% ± 1.6% for non IBD group (P = 0.034). Digestive disorders accounted for 34% of the causes of absenteeism. Approximately 27% of the absences were due to scheduled events (hospitalizations, endoscopy, or consultations). By excluding the absences for scheduled care, the rate of school absenteeism of patients with IBD is significantly lower than that of non‐IBD group.Conclusion:Children with IBD are more frequently absent from school than non‐IBD group. The main cause of school absenteeism appears to be associated with the disease itself. The share of scheduled absenteeism is quite large. The organization and scheduling of the patients’ care path must be a priority to maximally limit the negative impact of their disease on the patients’ schooling.
Assessing the Quality of Global Clinical Practice Guidelines on Gout Using AGREE II Instrument
Authors: Wang Dongke , Yu Yang , Chen Yaolong , Yang Nan , Zhang Heng , Wang Chunyu , Wang Qi , Wang Xiaoqin , Zeng Xiaofeng , Estill Janne 
Published: November 2018

Objective
The aim of this study was to assess the quality of global clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) on gout.

Methods
We systematically searched MEDLINE, CBM (Chinese Biomedical Literature database), GIN (Guidelines International Network), NICE (National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence), NGC (National Guideline Clearinghouse), WHO (World Health Organization), SIGN (Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network), DynaMed, UpToDate, and Best Practice databases from their inception until January 2017 to identify and select CPGs related to gout. Two reviewers independently assessed the eligible gout CPGs using the AGREE II instrument.

Results
We evaluated 15 CPGs published between 2007 and 2017, produced by 13 different developers. Quality of evidence and strength of recommendations were presented in 14 (93%) and 13 (87%) CPGs, respectively. The mean scores (±SD) for each AGREE II domain were as follows: (i) scope and purpose: 75% (±17%), (ii) stakeholder involvement: 39% (±19%), (iii) rigor of development: 43% (±17%), (iv) clarity and presentation: 82% (±14%), (v) applicability: 31% (±12%), and (vi) editorial independence: 23% (±29%).

Conclusions
The quality of gout CPGs was suboptimal, and various incompatible grading systems of quality of evidence and strength of recommendations were used. The use of a standardized international grading system is essential to ensure high methodological quality of gout CPGs. Tools such as AGREE II could substantially improve the development and update of future gout CPGs.
The Safety of Electroconvulsive Therapy in Patients With Implanted Deep Brain Stimulators
Authors: Peroski Michael S. , Chu Michael M. , Doddi Seshagiri Rao , Regenold William T. 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Currently there is no consensus statement about the safety of electroconvulsive therapy in patients who have implanted electrodes for deep brain stimulation. We present a summary of the existing literature on this topic, consisting of 21 cases, and then report a case performed at the University of Maryland Medical Center. Notably, with appropriate safety precautions and careful patient selection, there were no adverse events reported in the literature that were related to the presence of the deep brain stimulation device in any of the cases. Based on our review of the literature and the case we present, we have found no evidence so far to indicate that electroconvulsive therapy in patients with an implanted deep brain stimulator is unsafe.