bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Study of Formation Damage of Selective Mineralogy Due To Bacterial Plugging
Authors: Ghalambor A. , Hayatdavoudi A. , Shahidi-Asl M. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
In this study we investigate the nature of formation damage due to growth of bacteria on formation minerals. The bacteria growth results in plugging the pores with consequent reduction in permeability. We performed experiments by injecting live bacteria cells through pipettes packed separately with different clay and non-clay minerals. We tested a total of eight minerals: non-clay (Quartz, Feldspar, Calcite and Olivine) and clay (Illite, Kaolinite, Calcium montmorillonitc and Sodium montmorillonite). Bacteria used for the experiment was Bacillus Cereus. A 10% Trypticasc Soy Broth (TSB) solution as a brine was passed through packed minerals, and the flow rates were recorded periodically before and after the bacteria injection. The flow pressure, temperature and the concentration of bacteria cells were held constant during these experiments. The absolute permeability of packed porous media was determined by using Darcy's equation. The pore plugging effects were analyzed using the percentage ratio of reduced absolute permeability to the initial absolute permeability versus the injection pore volume.
We measured the Zeta Potential for each mineral under test before and after its interaction with bacteria. This was another way of testing the affinity of bacteria toward any particular mineral and their subsequent accumulation around that mineral in the pore space. For this purpose, we used particle micro-electrophorcsis instrument to measure the Zeta Potential of the bacteria, the minerals under test, as well as the cumulative Zeta Potential of mineral-bacteria assemblage.
Permeability measurements and Zeta Potential readings indicate that the type of mineral present has a significant effect on plugging characteristics of the porous media. We detennincd that Olivine as compared with other minerals had the highest tendency to attract bacteria. The reason for this ppears to be the abundance of magnesium and iron as a nutrient source for bacteria. These studies, also, showed that both clays, Calcium and Sodium montmorillinite, carry a larger net negative charge than other clay minerals after interaction with bacteria. In order to be certain about the accuracy of the results of mineral-bacterial interaction, we measured the Optical Density of solutions as well, before and after injection of bacteria into porous column. Furthermore, we verified the growth of bacteria on the minerals through the use of Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM).
ACHIEVEMENTS AND CONSTRAINTS OF PEDIATRIC ANESTHESIOLOGY AND INTENSIVE CARE
Authors: Lekmanov A. U. 
Published: May 2019

The article describes the achievements of pediatric anesthesiology and intensive care in recent years. The author focuses on the humanization of critical medicine in children, effects of anesthesia on the developing brain, pain management in children, and also examines problems of respiratory support, diagnosis and intensive therapy of sepsis in children and newborns, nutritional support in critically ill children.
A Narrative Review of the Prevalence of Periodontitis in Saudi Arabia: A Proposal for a National Oral Health Research Agenda for Vision 2030
Authors: Alshammari Abdulsalam K.S. , Wahi Monika M. 
Published: May 2019

Objective:The objective of this narrative review is to summarize the current knowledge on the prevalence of periodontitis in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) and to make recommendations for monitoring and improving oral health in the KSA population.Background:Periodontitis is a significant health issue in the general population, so conducting routine public health surveillance for this condition is important in every country. KSA is currently implementing a strategic plan called Vision 2030 which aims to improve many of the country’s infrastructures, including healthcare.Methods:To conduct this narrative review, Google Scholar (GS) was used to search for peer-reviewed articles on the prevalence of periodontitis in KSA. No limits were placed on the year of publication, but only articles translated into English were considered. Search terms used included “Saudi Arabia”, “periodontitis”, “surveillance”, “prevalence”, “rates”, “oral health” and “dental”.Results:The earliest estimate identified was from 1992, in which the rate of lack of periodontal health was estimated to be 90% in KSA residents aged 25 and over. A more recent estimate reported rates around 50%, but used a different case definition. Studies on tobacco use, periodontal health and KSA established that how tobacco is used strongly influences periodontal status. Other dental studies in KSA focus on other topics. The Saudi Health Information Survey (SHIS) conducted in 2013 asked oral health questions, but did not seek to estimate the rates of periodontitis in KSA.Conclusion:The World Health Organization’s (WHO) recommendations suggest that KSA should conduct research to develop surveillance case definitions of periodontitis that will have specific utility in KSA, and can be standardized to compare KSA rates with the rates worldwide. The existing surveillance definitions and efforts in other countries have been considered less than optimal, so research is needed to inform KSA’s effort. Recommendations are made for a national oral health research agenda in KSA under Vision 2030.
SIMPLE AND RAPID HPLC METHOD FOR SIMULTANEOUS QUANTIFICATION OF LEVODOPA AND CARBIDOPA IN A FAST DISINTEGRATING TABLET FORMULATION
Authors: Alipour Shohreh , ASEF MAHSA , AHMADI FATEMEH 
Published: May 2019

Objective: Fast disintegrating tablets (FDTs) are found helpful in dysphagia (difficulty in swallowing) especially in Parkinson patients. Levodopa is still the first choice in Parkinson disease treatment and is co-administered by carbidopa for better efficacy.
Methods: In the present study, a rapid and simple isocratic Reverse Phase-High Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC) method was developed and validated for simultaneous quantification of levodopa and carbidopa in optimized Fast Disintegrating Tablets (FDTs). The linearity, precision, accuracy, limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) of the method were determined. FDTs were prepared using direct compression, dry and wet granulation and were optimized for faster disintegration time. Tablets thickness, weight, hardness, friability, drug content and dissolution profile were also evaluated.
Results: A RP-HPLC system with C18 column and mobile phase 90:10 (v/v) phosphate buffer: methanol was used. The method linearity was found to be within the concentration range of 3.125-50 μg/ml for levodopa, and 3.125-25 μg/ml for carbidopa. The intra and inter-day precision and accuracy were acceptable. LOD and LOQ of levodopa-carbidopa were 0.2-0.8 μg/ml and 0.5-2.4 μg/ml, respectively. The total chromatographic run time was 5 min. The optimized FDTs hardness was 3.81±0.4 and tablets were disintegrated within 30 sec. Levodopa and carbidopa were dissolved in dissolution media within 5 min.
Conclusion: Results indicated that this method was suitable for simultaneous quantification of levodopa and carbidopa in the presence of different ingredients of a pharmaceutical solid dosage form. Therefore, this method could be applied in pharmaceutical quality control for rapid quantification of structurally similar substances with different physicochemical properties.
FORMULATION AND IN VITRO EVALUATION OF PIROXICAM CONVENTIONAL AND HOLLOW SUPPOSITORIES
Authors: Alwan Laila Abduk Hussein , Al.akkam Antidhar Jasim 
Published: May 2019

Objective: The objective of this study was to develop higher and rapid release of piroxicam from suppositories of different types (conventional and hallow) using different bases.
Methods: Thirteen formulas (F1–F13) were prepared (five conventional and the rest were hollow type suppositories) by using different bases such as witepsol H35, polyethylene glycols (PEGs) with different ratio and glycerinated gelatin. The prepared suppositories were evaluated for physical properties such as hardness, melting time, softening time and for dissolution profiles.
Results: All of the prepared suppositories had acceptable physical properties. The maximum percent release of piroxicam was 98%, 97%, 95% and 91% within 50 min were obtained from hollow type suppositories containing piroxicam in a solution form and utilizing witepsol H35 base (F10), glycerinated gelatin base (F13), PEGs 400:4000 (70:30) (F12) and PEGs 200:6000 (70:30) (F11), respectively. Also, they exhibited rapid release of piroxicam however, F10 and F12 released 65% and 50% of piroxicam within 5 min while, F11 released 57% within 10 min.
Conclusion: Hollow type suppositories containing piroxicam in a solution form can be considered as the most suitable formulas (F10–F13). So that, the hollow-type suppository is useful as a promising approach for enhancing the release of piroxicam to be administered rectally. Also, the study revealed that in addition to the type of suppositories, the type of the base, the grade and the ratio of PEGs bases are other important factors affecting the physical properties of suppositories and the dissolution profile of piroxicam.
ANALYSIS OF APPROACHES TO THE DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF THE METHODS OF ANALYSIS OF SOME ACTIVE PHARMACEUTICAL INGREDIENTS FROM THE GROUP OF CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS IN DRUGS AND BIOLOGICAL LIQUIDS
Authors: Logoyda Liliya 
Published: May 2019

Calcium channel blockers prevent calcium from entering cells of the heart and blood vessel walls, resulting in lower blood pressure. Calcium channel blockers, also called calcium antagonists, relax and widen blood vessels by affecting the muscle cells in the arterial walls. Physico-chemical analysis methods are increasingly being introduced into fundamental pharmaceutical research and pharmaceutical analysis practice, taking into account their high sensitivity, accuracy, specificity and expressiveness. Analytical method development is increasingly being introduced into fundamental pharmaceutical research and pharmaceutical analysis practice, taking into account their high sensitivity, accuracy, specificity and expressiveness. Search criteria was analytical method development for medicines from group of calcium channel blockers. Literature survey has been done in range of years 1990-2018 to make the review updated and comprehensive and to show the new approacheches to the development of the methods of analysis of calcium channel blockers. The sources were world recognized journals and key words used as filter were calcium channel blockers, amlodipine, nifedipine, verapamil, validation, method development, spectrophotometry, HPLC, UHPLC. Chromatographic methods of analysis amongst others have the greatest specificity and objectivity and allow for qualitative and quantitative determination of API in combinated dosage forms and biological fluids without prior separation of the components. We can conclude that analysts are constantly working on developing new methods of analysis and their optimization in order to save time and consumables, which also ensures the efficiency of the developed method. The main disadvantage of the described methods of API analysis can be considered long term from the beginning of chromatography to API release and specific solvents used as the mobile phase in HPLC. It is necessary to develop methods and to select such chromatographic conditions that will provide high speed and high efficiency at lower pressure of the system. This reduces the amount of used mobile phase, which reduces cost analysis accordingly, while at the same time providing the necessary specificity, accuracy and reproducibility of the results of the analysis during quality control. Also, the reduction of analysis time is achieved by simplifying the conditions for sample preparation.
La UCRI y la UCRP en la Cámara de Diputados de la Nación
Authors: Castronuovo Sabrina 
Published: May 2019

Si bien existen algunos trabajos que han tratado la historia de la UCR y abarcan el período frondicista, dichos análisis conforman parte de investigaciones de una temporalidad más amplia. A su vez, la bibliografía que trata la división de la UCR y las posteriores interacciones entre la UCRI y UCRP corresponde mayormente a estudios del siglo pasado. Tampoco existen estudios específicos que aborden dicha relación desde la óptica particular de la problemática de la persecución y encarcelamiento político ocurrido durante el frondicismo. Sin embargo, si nos adentramos en los debates de la Cámara de Diputados en aquellos años, nos encontramos con que ésta temática ha sido un punto de acaloradas discusiones entre el oficialismo y el radicalismo disidente.
El presente trabajo pretende ser una primera aproximación a la reflexión sobre los debates que tuvieron lugar en la Cámara de Diputados de la Nación en el período 1958-1961 respecto del rol del gobierno en la represión política.
Enfatizaremos en las discusiones acaecidas en el marco de la Comisión Investigadora de Supuestos Apremios Ilegales creada en dicha Cámara con el fin de tratar la problemática de las detenciones y encarcelamientos de la militancia opuesta al gobierno. Así, trataremos dos objetivos principales: en primer lugar, visualizar las discusiones en torno a la figura del perseguido y preso político durante el frondicismo dentro de la Cámara; en segundo término, reflexionar sobre el uso político de tal problemática en un contexto de tensiones inter partidarias entre los dos partidos políticos legales más poderosos del país
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran REACT dalam Peningkatan Pemahaman Konsep Siswa
Authors: Anas Aswar , A Fitriani 
Published: May 2019

Abstract:Application of the REACT Learning Models in Increasing the Understanding of Students' Concepts. This research is a quasi-experimental research with a class that aims to know: (1) How is the description of students' understanding of mathematical concepts before and after the application of the REACT learning model. And (2) Is there an increase in students' understanding of concepts after the application of the REACT model. In this study using a concept understanding test instrument. From the results of the study, it was concluded that. (1) The application of the REACT learning model can change the average understanding of students' mathematical concepts from low categories to high categories. (2) Increasing understanding of mathematical concepts students on average are in the medium category. And (3) There is an increase in understanding of students' mathematical concepts with the application of REACT learning models.Abstrak:Penerapan Model Pembelajaran REACT dalam Peningkatan Pemahaman Konsep Siswa. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen semu dengan satu kelas yang bertujuan untuk mengtahui: (1) Bagaimana gambaran pemahaman konsep matematika siswa sebelum dan setelah penerapan model pembelajaran REACT. Dan (2) Apakah terdapat peningkatan pemahaman konsep siswa setelah penerapan model REACT. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan istrumen tes pemahaman konsep. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa. (1) Penerapan model pembelajaran REACT dapat mengubah rata-rata pemahaman konsep matematika siswa dari kategori rendah menjadi kategori tinggi. (2) Peningkatan pemahaman konsep matematika siswa rata-rata berada pada kategori sedang. Dan (3) Terdapat peningkatan pemahaman konsep matematika siswa dengan penerapan model pembelajaran REACT.
Randomized blinded controlled clinical trial to assess the effect of oral cannabidiol administration in addition to conventional antiepileptic treatment on seizure frequency in dogs with intractable idiopathic epilepsy
Authors: McGrath Stephanie , Bartner Lisa R. , Rao Sangeeta , Packer Rebecca A. , Gustafson Daniel L. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To assess the effect of oral cannabidiol (CBD) administration in addition to conventional antiepileptic treatment on seizure frequency in dogs with idiopathic epilepsy.

DESIGN
Randomized blinded controlled clinical trial.

ANIMALS
26 client-owned dogs with intractable idiopathic epilepsy.

PROCEDURES
Dogs were randomly assigned to a CBD (n = 12) or placebo (14) group. The CBD group received CBD-infused oil (2.5 mg/kg [1.1 mg/lb], PO) twice daily for 12 weeks in addition to existing antiepileptic treatments, and the placebo group received noninfused oil under the same conditions. Seizure activity, adverse effects, and plasma CBD concentrations were compared between groups.

RESULTS
2 dogs in the CBD group developed ataxia and were withdrawn from the study. After other exclusions, 9 dogs in the CBD group and 7 in the placebo group were included in the analysis. Dogs in the CBD group had a significant (median change, 33%) reduction in seizure frequency, compared with the placebo group. However, the proportion of dogs considered responders to treatment (≥ 50% decrease in seizure activity) was similar between groups. Plasma CBD concentrations were correlated with reduction in seizure frequency. Dogs in the CBD group had a significant increase in serum alkaline phosphatase activity. No adverse behavioral effects were reported by owners.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Although a significant reduction in seizure frequency was achieved for dogs in the CBD group, the proportion of responders was similar between groups. Given the correlation between plasma CBD concentration and seizure frequency, additional research is warranted to determine whether a higher dosage of CBD would be effective in reducing seizure activity by ≥ 50%.
Hyperkalemia during general anesthesia in two Greyhounds
Authors: Jones Stacey J. , Mama Khursheed R. , Brock Nancy K. , Couto C. Guillermo 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

CASE DESCRIPTION
A 36-kg (79-lb) castrated male Greyhound (dog 1) and a 25-kg (55 lb) spayed female Greyhound (dog 2) underwent general anesthesia for dental care with similar perianesthetic protocols on multiple occasions from 2013 to 2016. Both dogs had periodontal disease but were otherwise deemed healthy. Both dogs developed clinically relevant hyperkalemia, with signs including loss of P waves on ECG tracings, during multiple anesthetic events.

CLINICAL FINDINGS
Dog 1 developed hyperkalemia during 2 of 2 anesthetic events, with ECG changes noted during the first event. Dog 2 developed hyperkalemia during 3 of 4 anesthetic events, with ECG changes identified during the second and third events. Serum potassium concentration for both dogs was within the reference range prior to and between anesthetic events. No underlying etiopathogenesis for hyperkalemia was identified for either dog.

TREATMENT AND OUTCOME
In each hyperkalemic event, the clinician stopped the dental procedure and continued to provide supportive care and monitoring while the dog recovered from anesthesia. The ECG changes resolved, and serum potassium concentration returned to the reference range rapidly after inhalant anesthetic administration was discontinued. The dogs were discharged from the hospital without further complications.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Hyperkalemia in anesthetized Greyhounds resulted in serious cardiac conduction abnormalities, which could be potentially fatal if not recognized and promptly treated. Further investigation into the etiopathogenesis, prevention and treatment strategies, and genetic or familial components of this condition is indicated.
Implementing Backward Chaining Method in Expert System to Detect and Treat Rice, Chilli, and Corn Plant’s Pests and Diseases
Authors: Muhibuddin Anton , Airlangga Primaadi , Sulthoni M. Mirza , Wicaksana Aries Budi 
Published: May 2019

Indonesia is an agrarian country which most of it’s citizens are farmer. There are various kind of decent plants to grow in Indonesia but most of them plant rice, corn, wheat, and sago as staple food. There other plants that is consumed not as main food but as subsidiaries, one of them are chilli pepper. Abundant variety of vegetation in Indonesia means that there are also many type of pests and diseases. An agriculture expert is needed to identify plant’s diseases and pest correctly. Meanwhile, the number of agriculture experts is insufficient to help massive amount of farmer whom have trouble in agriculture. This problem can be solved by using Expert System where farmers can detect the problem on their plants and finding treatment to cure their plants correctly them self. This research is mean to develop an Expert System Application in agriculture to identify diseases and pests based on their symptoms especially rice, chilli, and corn plants. This Expert System is based on web program using Backward Chaining Inversion which is deemed necessary to solve the case study’s problem. Responsive Web Based System can be accessed by user or client from many devices especially their smart phone help diagnose disease that occurs to their plant, more over, to solve the low rate of expert on agriculture.
Rancang Bangun Sistem Penentuan Jalur Evakuasi Keluar Gedung Rumah Sakit Saat Kondisi Darurat Menggunakan Algoritma Dijkstra Dengan Antrian Prioritas
Authors: Kemala Ade Putera , Ichwana Dody 
Published: May 2019

Disaster is a sudden event, such as an accident or a natural catastrophe, that causes great damage or loss of life. Disasters can occur at any time, therefore a mechanism is needed to evacuate out of the building during a disaster. Generally public facilities have provided instructions and evacuation routes outside the building. Based on the severity of the disaster and the evacuation capability of the victim, the evacuation strategy can range from evacuation as soon as possible, evacuate slowly, move to a safe location inside the building or take refuge in the available protection room and wait for the rescue team to arrive.
The algorithm for finding the shortest paths can be used to determine the evacuation route. But this path is still static, if the route damaged in then the evacuation route would become useless. The time for the evacuation process can also increase if the condition of the evacuation route is not known whether damaged or not. The solution to solve this problem is to make a system that can help find the safest and shortest evacuation routes during emergencies. This system consist of microcontroller Arduino Mega to control the system and led for evacuation sign. The evacuation routes is determined by implementing dijkstra algorithm with priority queue to search the shortest path.