bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic significance of surgically treated malignant struma ovarii with or without adjuvant thyroid‐related therapy: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Jenkins Cameron R. , Hajibandeh Shahab , Hajibandeh Shahin , Scott‐Coombes David M. , Egan Richard J. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAimsThe aims of this study are to determine the long‐term overall survival (OS) after surgically treated malignant struma ovarii (MSO) and to evaluate prognostic effect of adjuvant thyroid‐related therapy (ATRT) in this setting.MethodsA systematic review in compliance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta‐Analyses standards was conducted. MEDLINE, CINAHL, CENTRAL, Scopus, trial registries, and gray literature were searched. Due to rarity of the disease, all case reports including patients with surgically treated MSO were pooled to create a single cohort which was then compared with the eligible case series. The OS and survival time were primary outcomes. The OS was determined using Kaplan–Meier survival statistics, and the predictors of OS were determined using the stepwise Cox proportional‐hazards regression model.ResultsThe study included 376 patients (95 from case reports and 281 from case series). The median age was 44 years; 79% (75/95) were symptomatic. In terms of ATRT, 39% (37/95) received thyroidectomy, 28% (27/95) radioactive iodine, 28% (27/95) hormone suppression therapy, and 55% (52/95) received no therapy. Recurrence occurred in 27% (26/95) with the median time to recurrence of 4 years. The pooled OS was 91% at 10 years and 87% at 20 years. The OS was not predicted by age (p = 0.320), symptomatic status (p = 0.371), follicular histology (p = 0.934), metastatic disease (p = 0.981); omentectomy (p = 0.523), total thyroidectomy (p = 0.371), radioactive iodine therapy (p = 0.285), and thyroid hormone therapy (p = 0.994).ConclusionsSurgically treated MSO may have excellent long‐term prognosis with or without ATRT. It is possible that thyroid‐specific treatments in MSO constitute overtreatment, with no demonstrable survival benefit. Limitations in the evidence base limit the ability to produce definitive conclusions.
Erector spinae plane block versus quadratus lumborum block for abdominal surgery: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Qin Yifan , Zhou Xiaofeng , Wu Mengmeng , She Huiyu , Wu Jin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe erector spinae plane block (ESPB) and quadratus lumborum block (QLB) are two novel interfascial plane block techniques with possible analgesic effects for both incisional and visceral pain. However, the results of the intercomparison of the two techniques for analgesia after abdominal surgery remain controversial.MethodsA systematic literature search was performed on five databases for randomized controlled trials comparing the analgesic efficacy of ESPB and QLB in abdominal surgery. The primary outcome was the 24 h postoperative intravenous IV morphine‐equivalent consumption. A meta‐analysis was performed using a random‐effects model, with subgroup analyses based on the types of surgery and approaches of QLB.ResultsThe 24 h postoperative IV morphine‐equivalent consumption was lower in patients receiving ESPB than in those receiving QLB (MD –2.307 mg; 95% CI ‒4.577 to −0.038; p = 0.046; and I2 = 96.5%), though the reduction did not reach clinically meaningful difference. Static and dynamic pain at different postoperative time points, the time to first rescue analgesia, and the incidence of PONV showed no significant difference between the two groups. However, the QLB group demonstrated a significantly prolonged time in performing the block compared to the ESPB group (MD –2.985 min; 95% CI –4.608 to –1.363; p < 0.001; and I2 = 97.5%).ConclusionsBased on the available evidence from a systematic search of databases, the single‐shot ESPB exhibits similar analgesic effects as QLB in abdominal surgery. The incidence of PONV was similar between the two techniques, with no block‐related complications identified though QLB might be a more technically challenging approach than ESPB.
Antiplane effective properties of two‐phase micropolar elastic fiber‐reinforced composites with parallelogram‐like unit cells
Authors: Espinosa‐Almeyda Yoanh , Rodríguez‐Ramos Reinaldo , Otero José A. , Camacho‐Montes Héctor , Rodríguez‐Bermudez Panters 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn this contribution, heterogeneous micropolar elastic fiber‐reinforced composites (FRCs) with a periodic structure are analyzed using the two‐scale asymptotic homogenization method (AHM). We focus on predicting the antiplane effective properties of micropolar two‐phase FRCs with parallelogram‐like unit cells. The periodic structure is defined by unidirectional, infinitely long, and concentric cylindrical fibers embedded in a homogeneous matrix. Constituent materials are assumed centro‐symmetric isotropic materials, and perfect interface conditions are considered. The AHM allows us to address the local problems on the periodic cell and determine the corresponding effective properties. This is achieved by employing two‐scale asymptotic expansions for the displacement and microrotation fields, which depend on both macro‐ and micro‐scales. The complex variable theory, combined with the complex‐potential method and doubly periodic Weierstrass elliptic functions, is applied to determine the solution of the antiplane local problems. Simple closed‐form formulas are provided for the antiplane stiffness and torque effective properties of two‐phase micropolar elastic FRCs, which depend on the physical properties and volume fractions of constituents. Finally, numerical examples are reported and discussed. Comparisons with other theoretical models are also presented, and good agreements are obtained.
Fluid Dynamics
Authors: Nair V. Parameswaran 
Published: November 2024

AbstractCo-adjoint orbit actions, which are the examples par excellence of geometric quantization, are used to set up a group-theoretic formulation of fluid dynamics. The role of Clebsch variables is also outlined. Some features of nonabelian magnetohydrodynamics, relativistic fluids with spin, anomalous symmetries in fluids and the chiral magnetic effect are discussed.
Fractional Statistics in Quantum Hall Effect
Authors: Nair V. Parameswaran 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe quantum Hall effect is an important physical phenomenon which has been analyzed both theoretically and experimentally for a few decades by now. In this chapter, we discuss this effect in relation to geometric quantization. We will also see how fractional statistics for quasiparticles is related to nontrivial $$\mathcal {H}^1(M, \mathbb {R})$$ of the phase space.
Roles and Future Developments of UNCLOS
Authors: Kittichaisaree Kriangsak 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe role and future developments of the 1982 UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) may be better appreciated in light of Article 293 (Applicable law) of UNCLOS, stipulating that a court or tribunal having jurisdiction under the compulsory procedures entailing binding decisions under UNCLOS shall apply UNCLOS “and other rules of international law not incompatible with [UNCLOS]”.
BBNJ in the Context of the South China Sea: With a Focus on Area-Based Management Practice
Authors: Hong Nong 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe Biodiversity Beyond National Jurisdiction (BBNJ) Agreement represents the culmination of discussions initiated in 2004 under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS). Area-based Management (ABM) is a pivotal component of the BBNJ negotiations. This paper explores conceptual models of ABM, examines existing efforts dedicated to ABM, and accentuates challenges associated with ABM in areas both beyond national jurisdiction and within national jurisdiction within the South China Sea context. Additionally, it delves into the future prospects of ABMs in this region, considering the global trend, regional governance framework, and political will.
The Battle of Notes Verbales and the Future of the South China Sea: An Indonesia's Perspective
Authors: Agusman Damos Dumoli 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe international community has recently witnessed a “battle of notes verbales” between some claimant States and other States having interests in the South China Sea (SCS). The battle was triggered by Malaysia’s partial submission of its extended continental shelf to the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf (CLCS) on 12 December 2019. The subject matter of the battle has extended beyond the Malaysian submission itself as it has already shifted away from the original points of the submission and entered into the core issues of SCS. The article makes some brief observations on how much weight this battle carries in terms of legal lawfare and a political solution to solve the dispute in the SCS. It concludes that while the battle will not end with any solution to the conflict, it will provide some clarification to the conundrum of the SCS dispute. The notes verbales provide valuable insights into the legal positions of the countries concerned and are a useful source in sorting out the positions of certain claimant States. Some legal clarifications might be derived from the exchanged notes concerning maritime status of the disputed features, maritime entitlements, and the positions of the third parties not involved in the dispute.
The Way Forward is not Fast-Forward: Sea-Level Rise, Maritime Zones and Back to Basics
Authors: Cogliati-Bantz Vincent 
Published: November 2024

AbstractFor a large part, the law of the sea is based on a tension between sovereignty and freedom. Sovereignty projected out to sea is, in essence, the claim by coastal States to extend their exclusive control over the adjacent sea. Freedom, on the other hand, means the recognition and preservation of the equal rights of all States in relation to the sea as a common pool (navigation, fishing, overflight, etc.).
Sea Level Rise: Implications for Baselines, Limits and Boundaries
Authors: Schofield Clive 
Published: November 2024

AbstractGlobal mean sea levels are rising and the rate of this rise is accelerating. This has significant implications for coastal States, especially those with long stretches of low-elevation coasts or which are wholly or partially comprise of low-elevation islands. This Chapter outlines the causes and projections for sea level rise before considering how coastal State baselines along the coast are defined and claimed, the outer limits of zones of maritime jurisdiction are delineated and international maritime boundaries are delimited.
Ocean Science Collaborations: Towards a Complex Interdependence in the South China Sea
Authors: Suarez Suzette V. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe need for claimant States and other stakeholders to cooperate in the South China Sea (SCS) in the conflict area has been a refrain oft reiterated. The SCS region is one of the most-exploited fishing areas in the world. The history of cooperation among and between SCS claimant States to address common ecological problems remain sparse. Many proposals for bilateral and regional cooperation did not materialize because of geopolitical obstacles. Inspired by the example of the Arctic States, this contribution suggests that SCS claimant States should manage their conflict by working towards achieving complex interdependence. One avenue where complex interdependence may flourish among SCS claimant States is cooperation on ocean science research within international organizations with mandate in ocean science research.
Populating secluded dark sector with ultra-relativistic bubbles
Authors: Azatov Aleksandr , Nagels Xander , Vanvlasselaer Miguel , Yin Wen 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We study Dark Matter production during first order phase transitions from bubble-plasma collisions. We focus on scenarios where the Dark Matter sector is secluded and its interaction with the visible sector (including the Standard Model) originates from dimension-five and dimension-six operators. We find that such DM is generally heavy and has a large initial velocity, leading to the possibility of DM being warm today. We differentiate between the cases of weakly and strongly coupled dark sectors, where, in the latter case, we focus on glueball DM, which turns out to have very distinct phenomenological properties. We also systematically compute the Freeze-In production of the dark sector and compare it with the bubble-plasma DM abundances.
MicroRNA-145-5p inhibits the tumorigenesis of breast cancer through SENP2-regulated ubiquitination of ERK2
Authors: Chen Xu , Li Danqing , Su Qi , Ling Xing , Ding Siyu , Xu Runxiao , Liu Zhaoxia , Qin Yuanyuan , Zhang Jinping , Yang Zhihui , Kang Xunlei , Qi Yitao , Wu Hongmei 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBreast carcinoma exhibits the highest incidence among various cancers and is the foremost cause of mortality in women. Increasing evidence shows that SUMOylation of proteins plays a critical role in the progression of breast cancer; however, the role of SENP2 and its molecular mechanism in breast cancer remain underexplored. Here, we discerned that SENP2 promoted the tumorigenesis of breast cancer both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we identified that ERK2 was SUMOylated and that SENP2 played a role by deconjugating ERK2 SUMOylation in breast cancer. SUMOylation of ERK2 promoted its ubiquitin-proteasomal degradation, thus inhibiting the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in breast cancer cells. Furthermore, microRNA-145-5p (miR-145-5p) has emerged as a scarce commodity in breast cancer and binds to the 3’-untranslated region of SENP2 mRNA to govern the regulatory dynamics of SENP2 expression. Finally, miR-145-5p inhibits SENP2 transcription, enhances ERK2 SUMOylation, and ultimately suppresses the progression of breast cancer. These revelations suggest evolving ideas for the miR-145-5p-SENP2 axis in therapeutic intervention, thus heralding transformative prospects for the clinical management of breast cancer.
A polygenic risk score derived from common variants of monogenic diabetes genes is associated with young-onset type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular–kidney complications
Authors: O Chun-Kwan , Fan Baoqi , Tsoi Sandra T. F. , Tam Claudia H. T. , Wan Raymond , Lau Eric S. H. , Shi Mai , Lim Cadmon K. P. , Yu Gechang , Ho Jane P. Y. , Chow Elaine Y. K. , Kong Alice P. S. , Ozaki Risa , So Wing Yee , Ma Ronald C. W. , Luk Andrea O. Y. , Chan Juliana C. N. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Aims/hypothesis
Monogenic diabetes is caused by rare mutations in genes usually implicated in beta cell biology. Common variants of monogenic diabetes genes (MDG) may jointly influence the risk of young-onset type 2 diabetes (YOD, diagnosed before the age of 40 years) and cardiovascular and kidney events.

Methods
Using whole-exome sequencing data, we constructed a weighted polygenic risk score (wPRS) consisting of 135 common variants (minor allele frequency >0.01) of 34 MDG based on r
2>0.2 for linkage disequilibrium in a discovery case–control cohort of 453 adults with YOD (median [IQR] age 39.7 [34.9–46.9] years) and 405 without YOD (median [IQR] age 56.7 [50.3–61.0] years), followed by validation in an independent cross-sectional cohort with array-based genotyping for YOD and a prospective cohort of individuals with type 2 diabetes for cardiovascular and kidney events.

Results
In the discovery cohort, the OR of the 135 common variants for YOD ranged from 1.00 to 2.61. In the validation cohort (920 YOD and 4910 non-YOD), top-10%-wPRS was associated with an OR of 1.42 (95% CI 1.03, 1.95, p=0.033) for YOD compared with bottom-10%-wPRS. In 2313 individuals with type 2 diabetes (median [IQR]: age 53.4 [45.4–61.7] years; disease duration 4.0 [1.0–9.0] years) observed for a median (IQR) of 17.5 (14.4–21.8) years, standardised wPRS was associated with increased HR for incident cardiovascular events (1.16 [95% CI 1.06, 1.27], p=0.001), kidney events (1.09 [95% CI 1.02, 1.16], p=0.013) and cardiovascular–kidney events (1.10 [95% CI 1.03, 1.16], p=0.003). Using the ‘bottom-20%-wPRS plus baseline disease duration <5 years’ group as referent, the ‘top-20%-wPRS plus baseline disease duration 5 to <10 years’ group had unadjusted and adjusted HR of 1.60 (95% CI 1.17, 2.19, p=0.003) and 1.62 (95% CI 1.16, 2.26, p=0.005), respectively, for cardiovascular–kidney events compared with 1.38 (95% CI 0.97, 1.98, p=0.075) and 1.06 (95% CI 0.72, 1.57, p=0.752) in the ‘bottom-20%-wPRS plus baseline disease duration ≥10 years’ group.

Conclusions/interpretation
Common variants of MDG increased risk for YOD and cardiovascular–kidney events.

Graphical Abstract
Constructing a Gröbner basis of Griffin’s ideal
Authors: Yu Tianyi 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn his Ph.D. thesis, Sean Griffin introduced a family of ideals and found monomial bases for their quotient rings. These rings simultaneously generalize the Delta Conjecture coinvariant rings of Haglund-Rhoades-Shimozono and the cohomology rings of Springer fibers studied by Tanisaki and Garsia-Procesi. We recursively construct a Gröbner basis of Griffin’s ideals with respect to the graded reverse lexicographical order. Consequently, Griffin’s monomial basis is the standard monomial basis. The coefficients of the polynomials in our Gröbner basis are integers and the leading coefficients are one.
Effect-directed analysis of genotoxicants in food packaging based on HPTLC fractionation, bioassays, and toxicity prediction with machine learning
Authors: Bergmann Alan J. , Arturi Katarzyna , Schönborn Andreas , Hollender Juliane , Vermeirssen Etiënne L. M. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMany chemicals in food packaging can leach as complex mixtures to food, potentially including substances hazardous to consumer health. Detecting and identifying all of the leachable chemicals are impractical with current analytical instrumentation and data processing methods. Therefore, our work aims to expand the analytical toolset for prioritizing and identifying chemical hazards in food packaging. We used a high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC)-based bioassay to detect genotoxic fractions in paperboard packaging. These fractions were then processed with non-targeted liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS/MS) and machine learning-based toxicity prediction (MLinvitroTox). The HPTLC bioassay detected four genotoxic zones in extracts of the paperboard. One-dimensional HPTLC separation and targeted fraction collection reduced the number of chemical features extracted from paperboard and detected with LC-HRMS by at least 98% (from 1695–2693 to 14–50). The entire process was successful for spiked genotoxic chemicals, which were correctly prioritized in the fractionation and non-target analysis workflow. The native chemical with the strongest genotoxicity signal was identified with a suspect list as 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one and confirmed with LC-HRMS/MS and HPTLC bioassay. Toward identification of the remaining unknown genotoxicants, two-dimensional HPTLC further reduced the number of chemical features. Genotoxicity predictions with MLinvitroTox based on molecular fingerprints of the unknown signals derived from their MS2 fragmentation spectra helped prioritize two chemical features and suggested candidate structures. This work demonstrates strategies for using HPTLC, HRMS, and toxicity prediction to help identify toxicants in food packaging.
Graphical Abstract
Production of activated biocarbons by microwave-assisted chemical activation of hardwood sawdust and their application in the simultaneous removal of polymers of different origins from aqueous systems
Authors: Wiśniewska Małgorzata , Tokarska Karina , Urban Teresa , Nowicki Piotr , Woszuk Agnieszka 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Sawdust from deciduous trees was used as a raw material for the preparation of carbonaceous adsorbents. Microwave-assisted chemical activation with K2CO3 and H3PO4 was used to produce materials with a well-developed porous structure. The obtained activated biocarbons were characterized in terms of their porous structure, elemental composition, morphology, thermal stability, as well as surface and electrokinetic properties. The sorption abilities of both materials towards synthetic (poly(acrylic acid)) and natural (lysozyme) polymers in the process of their removal from aqueous systems were determined. Both single adsorbates and mixed solutions of two polymeric adsorbates were tested. The stability of aqueous suspensions containing activated biocarbons and one or two polymers was also determined. As a result of microwave-assisted chemical activation two carbonaceous adsorbents were obtained, characterized by a very well-developed specific surface area (1093–1777 m2/g), a completely different type of porous structure (mesoporous or microporous), and the acidic nature of the surface. The maximum adsorption of poly(acrylic acid) was obtained from a mixed solution of both polymers and it reached values of 379 mg/g (for the sample activated with H3PO4 with mean pore diameter 3.04 nm and minimal contribution of micropores—0.3%) and 259 mg/g (for K2CO3 activated material characterized by the mean pore diameter equal to 1.72 nm and large contribution of micropores—77.4%). In the case of lysozyme, the adsorption efficiency was two times lower (sorption capacity of 127–166 mg/g). Based on the collective data analysis, it can be stated that the most probable mechanisms of polymeric destabilization (highly desirable in separation from the multicomponent solutions) are surface charge neutralization at pH 3 and bridging flocculation at pH 11 (especially for the systems containing material activated with H3PO4 and poly(acrylic acid)).
Potential impacts to human health from climate change: A comparative life-cycle assessment of single-use versus reusable devices flexible ureteroscopes
Authors: Thöne Marlene , Lask Jan , Hennenlotter Jörg , Saar Matthias , Tsaur Igor , Stenzl Arnulf , Rausch Steffen 
Published: November 2024

AbstractClimate change poses a significant global health challenge, with medical procedures contributing substantially to CO2 emissions. Urology, as part of the broader healthcare sector, has begun integrating Planetary Health concepts to address this issue. While earlier studies have focused on Life Cycle Assessments (LCA) of urological procedures, these evaluations remain data-dependent, and insights into intra-hospital emissions are limited. This study introduces a methodical approach for analyzing intra-institutional processes of LCA for single-use and reusable flexible ureterorenoscopes (fURS). The LCA method was applied to assess the greenhouse gas emissions (CO2 equivalents, CO2-eq) generated across the life cycle of fURS, including production, use-phase, reprocessing, maintenance, and disposal. The study approximated the Global Warming Potential (GWP) per one-hour use and evaluated associated health impacts using the ReCiPe2016(H) method, which measures Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs). Results showed that for reusable fURS, assuming 133 usages per device and maintenance after every 11th use, each application generated 1.24 kg CO2-eq, equivalent to 1.15E-06 DALYs. In contrast, single-use fURS generated 4.93 kg CO2-eq and 4.57E-06 DALYs per application. The production and reprocessing stages were identified as having the greatest environmental and health impacts. For reusable fURS, electricity required during refurbishment and use phases was a key contributor, whereas the production phase accounted for most of the impact in single-use devices. Overall, singleuse fURS had a substantially higher potential environmental and health impact than their reusable counterparts. This study underscores the environmental and health impacts of ureterorenoscopy and highlights the importance of incorporating Planetary Health principles into healthcare practices. It provides a foundation for further analyses and research, aiming to drive transformative action in the healthcare sector toward sustainability.