bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efek Sinergis Kombinasi Ekstrak Air Akar Batu (Gerrardanthus Macrorhizus) dengan Doxorubicin pada Sel Kanker Payudara T47D
Authors: Haryanti Sari 
Published: December 2018

Doxorubicin is one of the most widely used chemotherapy agents in cancer therapy. The clinical results of doxorubicin are limited by cardiotoxic side effects which correlates with dose. Combination of doxorubicin with natural agents is a promising strategy for reducing its therapeutic doses as well as decreasing cardiotoxic effects. This study was conducted to investigate cytotoxic activity of caudex Gerrardanthus macrorhizus aqueous extract and its combination with doxorubicin on T47D cells. Dried caudex powder was extracted by infusion method, evaporated in oven 400C to get dried extract (GM). The MTT assay was performed to determine cytotoxic effect, either alone or in combination. Flow cytometry is used to observe cell cycle profile and apoptotic induction. GM alone did not exhibit cytotoxic effects but caused morphological alteration in T47D cells. Nevertheless, GM 40 μg/mL was able to improve cytotoxic effect of doxorubicin to 51%. Combination of doxorubicin 3 nM and 40 μg/mL GMA inhibited cell cycle in G2/M phase. This combination also resulted apoptotic induction, compared to untreated cell and each single treatment. Based on the results, caudex G. macrorhizus is potential to be further investigated as a co-chemotherapy agent with doxorubicin.
Abstrak
Doxorubicin adalah salah satu agen kemoterapi yang digunakan secara luas dalam terapi kanker. Hasil klinis doxorubicin dibatasi oleh kardiotoksisitas yang berkorelasi dengan besaran dosis. Kombinasi doxorubicin dengan bahan alam merupakan strategi yang menjanjikan untuk mengurangi dosis terapetik doxorubicin sehingga dapat menurunkan efek samping kardiotoksik. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengkaji aktivitas sitotoksik ekstrak air caudex Gerrardanthus macrorhizus dan kombinasinya dengan doxorubicin pada sel T47D. Serbuk caudex G. macrorhizus (GM) kering diekstraksi dengan metode infusa, kemudian diuapkan dalam oven 400C. Uji MTT dilakukan untuk menguji efek sitotoksik ekstrak, baik tunggal maupun kombinasi dengan doxorubicin. Flow cytometry digunakan untuk mengetahui profil siklus sel dan induksi apoptosis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ekstrak tunggal tidak memberikan efek sitotoksik namun mengakibatkan perubahan morfologi pada sel T47D. Ekstrak GM 40 μg/mL mampu meningkatkan efek sitotoksik doxorubicin 3 nM hingga 51%. Kombinasi doxorubicin 3 nM dan ekstrak 40 μg/mL menghambat siklus sel pada fase G2/M dan meningkatkan induksi apoptosis, dibandingkan kontrol sel dan masing-masing perlakuan tunggalnya. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, caudex G. macrorhizus berpotensi untuk diteliti lebih lanjut sebagai agen ko-kemoterapi dengan doxorubicin.
Gambaran Kasus Mutasi Terkait Resistensi Antiretroviral pada orang dengan HIV-AIDS (ODHA) di Tiga Kabupaten/Kota di Provinsi Papua
Authors: Hutapea Hotma 
Published: December 2018

Antiretroviral (ARV) therapy has been found effective to decrease HIV-1 infected cases, however increase the resistances due to nucleotide mutation. The mutation causes virus to be resistant to ARV, making the therapy is no longer effective. The ARV therapy District Nabire, Jayapura, and Jayawijaya was Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor (RTI). The goal of this study was to obtain the data of mutation associated to viral resistance to ARV RTI and protease inhibitor group. Plasma samples were obtained from 252 subjects purposively in HIV/AIDS population from corresponding Care, Support, and Therapy clinic. The genotyping, measurement of CD4 and viral load were performed to all samples. DNA analysis was performed by genotyping method. Among 252 samples, 89 samples (35.32%) had CD4 count <350 sel/ul. Twenty three samples (8.73%) had viral load >10.000 copies/mL. There were 15 (5,95%) samples were identified as mutant related to RTI resistance, and none for protease. The most frequent mutation motive was M184V/I, 12 samples (80,00%). This data provided important information about the continuous need of ARV therapy monitoring to suppress transmission drug resistance.

Abstrak
Penemuan antiretroviral (ARV) secara signifikan telah menjadi bagian penting dalam penanggulangan HIV/AIDS. Terapi ARV dilakukan untuk menurunkan kasus HIV-1, namun dapat menyebabkan resistensi virus terhadap ARV tersebut. Data prevalensi HIV-1 resisten ARV pada Orang Dengan HIV/AIDS (ODHA) di Papua, khususnya Kabupaten Nabire, Kab./Kota Jayapura, dan Kab. Jayawijaya belum tersedia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan data prevalensi mutasi terkait resistensi virus terhadap ARV golongan penghambat rtase dan protease. Sebanyak 84 responden yang sudah diterapi minimal 6 bulan diambil secara purposive dari setiap lokasi penelitian. Genotyping, pemeriksaan nilai CD4 dan viral load dilakukan terhadap semua sampel. Analisis DNA dilakukan dengan metode genotyping. Dari 252 sampel, sebanyak 89 responden (35,32%) memiliki nilai CD4 <350 sel/ul darah. Sebanyak 23 responden (8,73%) memiliki nilai viral load >10.000 salinan/mL. Sebanyak 15 sampel (5,95%) teridentifikasi mengalami mutasi pada DNA target ARV golongan penghambat rtase, dan tidak ditemukan mutasi terkait resistensi pada gen protease. Motif mutasi yang paling banyak adalah M184V/I, yaitu sebanyak 12 sampel (80,00%). Penelitian ini mengindikasikan bahwa pemantauan terapi ARV secara berkesinambungan tetap diperlukan untuk menekan penulan HIV resisten ARV.
History of structural analysis & dynamics of Wärtsilä medium speed engines
Authors: Frondelius Tero , Tienhaara Hannu , Haataja Mauri 
Published: December 2018

This paper opens up the history of structural analysis and dynamics simulations of Wärtsilä engines. It cites already published articles and theses with some backgrounds information. It also discusses some of the backgrounds of the in-house tool development. Additionally, this paper presents the development of the computers and investment of the simulation capacity in order to understand how it has been the enabler of ever more complicated models. It lists the work done during fifty decades. The authors sincerely attempt to make this article as reader-friendly as possible, even though there are over 220 references, which of course demonstrates how dedicated Wärtsilä has been in supporting numerical simulations research in the past fivedecades.
Appearance of Clostridium difficile infections in health care institutions in Slovakia and in the district of martin
Authors: Novak M , Mazakova I , Sadlonova V , Cervenova T , Hudeckova H. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Introduction: Decrease of nonspecific imunity in patients and the treatment with broad spectrum antibiotics form appropriate conditions for the appearance of medically severe Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) - enterocolitis that can have the characteristics of community or hospital acquired infection (HAI). The aim of our work is to identify the trend of their incidence in Slovakia and to define the risk groups according to age and department of hospitalisation.

Material and Methods: Retrospective analysis and comparison of the appearance of CDI was performed within the groups of patients hospitalised in health care institutions in the SR and those in the district of Martin during the period of years 2010 to 2017. The data of reported cases were taken from the Epidemiological information system of the Slovak Republic (EPIS SR), the source of demografic data was the National Center of Health Information.

Resuts: Analysis shows an important increase of incidence of CDI during years 2010 to 2017. Diseases had predominantly health care associated – nosocomial – character targeting mostly older patients (65+ - 24/10 000 in the Slovak Republic and 62/10,000 in the county of Martin) and less infants (7/10,000 and 11/10,000 repectively).

Conclusion: The results of our analyses are consistent with literature data about CDI enterocolitis and show their serious health and social impact in our society.
Sunbeds use – tanning pattern and UV protective behaviour of adults of the Turiec Region
Authors: Dvorstiakova B , Jakusova V , Ulbrichtova R , Hudeckova H. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Introduction: Recent worldwide researches dealing with artificial sources of ultraviolet radiation have noticed an increased incidence of skin cancer, conjunctivitis, or decreased immunity. Melanoma is the most serious disease that may be caused by sunbeds.

Goal: The main goal of the study was to coherently process public health issues of sunbeds and find out a level of information and attitude of adult population in the Turiec Region.

Material and method: In the II. half of 2016 we carried out a questionnaire survey focused on information and attitude of adult population towards sunbeds and their negative effect on humans. The total sample consisted of 121 adult participants (74 females and 47 males) from the Turiec Region.

Results: The age range of participants was 36 ± 6.5 years and the age range of sunbed users was 31 ± 4.8 (x ± SD). From the total sample of 121 participants 34 (28.1%) visit sunbed and 87 (71.9%) do not. Sunbeds are visited more by women (85.3%), but men (p 0.05) take longer sunbaths than women. Women (p 0.05) were more informed about their phototype than men. Only 51 (42.2%) of participants were aware of their skin phototype and better informed were participants with higher education. From the survey only 13 (38.2%) participants used the combination of protective sunglasses and sunscreens.

Conclusion: The results show that visitors of sunbeds had a higher level of information than non-visitors. A negative aspect is that the participants didn’t know the phototype of their skin and didn’t use all protective aids. Most participants said that information on sunbed are inadequate. From the public health view it is very important to focus on prevention, spread information about diseases influenced by artificial source of UV radiation, and educate the population.
Possible impact of automotive industry on the health of working population
Authors: Ulbrichtova R , Jakusova V , Dvorstiakova B , Hudeckova H. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Introduction: The automotive industry represents the most important industrial sector in Slovakia. Overall, there are more than 200,000 people employed in this sector. The work in automotive industry is monotonous and repetitive with excessive number of movements of upper extremities.

Methods: In this retrospective study the development of specific occupational diseases in Slovak automotive industry was analyzed. The frequency and occurrence of major occupational diseases in the period from 1987 to 2017 was analyzed, including major causes and factors which influence the rise and development of these occupational diseases (the long-term excessive unilateral load of upper extremities, noise-related diseases). Data on occupational diseases cases were retrieved from the National Registry of occupational diseases.

Results: Diseases due to the long-term excessive unilateral load of upper extremities have been at the first place in the order of all admitted occupational diseases in the Slovak Republic since 1997. The total number of notified occupational diseases in respective years shows a declining trend whereas the number of diseases due to the long-term excessive unilateral load of upper extremities as well as evaluations of suspected occupational diseases has the rising trend. Between 1987 and 2017 a total of 20,370 new cases were recorded, of which 4,707 (23.10%) were diseases due to the long-term excessive unilateral load of upper extremities and 2,150 (10.55%) were noise-related occupational diseases.

Conclusions: The automotive industry offers a lot of job opportunities. On the other hand, it is characterized by a type of working activity that poses a considerable risk to employees.
Measurement of Low-level radiofrequency electromagnetic fields in the human environment
Authors: Misek J , Laukova T , Kohan M , Veternik M , Jakusova V , Jakus J 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
In recent years there has been an increase in development of electromagnetic (EM) technology in the telecommunication industry, resulting in an increase in human non-ionizing exposure. This fact has initiated a number of scientific studies on possible health effects of EM fields on human organism. Totally four representative microenvironments were investigated for RF EM fields distribution, namely: city center, residential area, rural area, and extra-village area. Each microenvironment was measured 20 times in accordance with the International Commission for Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) guidelines. The extra-village measurements were taken as the base values that reflect the E-field intensities with the lowest amplitudes. The statistical analysis revealed notable statistical significance (p < 0.001) in almost all measured frequency bands except the Wi-Fi where the p-values were less than 0.05 for the city center and residential area but not significant for rural area. The highest total E-field intensity was measured in the residential area (approximately 1.85 V/m). All measured values were below the legal limits of the Slovak Republic and ICNIRP safety guidelines. However, the ICNIRP safety limits were written in 1998 considering only the thermal effects of RF radiation. They were updated in 2009 without any changes in the limits and still recommend 27.5 – 61 V/m (2 – 10 W/m2) for the RF frequency band of 400–2,000 MHz. The BioInitiative Report of 2012 established the scientific benchmark for possible health risks as 30–60 μW/m2 (approximately 0.1 – 0.15 V/m). Thus, all measured values were above the scientifically derived limits.
Therapeutic bullfrog oil-based nanoemulsion for oral application: Development, characterization and stability
Authors: Rutckeviski Renata , Xavier Francisco Humberto , Morais Andreza Rochelle Do Vale , Amaral-Machado Lucas , Alencar Everton Do Nascimento , Genre Julieta , De Souza Araujo Adriano Antunes , Egito Eryvaldo Socrates Tabosa Do 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop, optimize, and characterize a stable therapeutic bullfrog oil based nanoemulsion for oral application using a rational experimental design approach. The optimized oral nanoemulsion contained 0.2 % sodium benzoate and 0.02 % propyl-paraben as preservatives; 0.1 % sucralose and 0.4 % acesulfam K as sweeteners and 0.1 % tutti-frutti as flavoring to mask the unpleasant organoleptic characteristics of bullfrog oil. The oral O/W-nanoemulsion showed the droplet size, PDI, zeta potential, and pH of 410 ± 8 nm, 0.20 ± 0.02, –38 ± 2.5 mV, and 6.43 ± 0.05, respectively. The optimized oral nanoemulsion showed a milky single-phase and optimal physical stability at 25 °C for 90 days. Indeed, higher oxidation induction time and lower formation of peroxides in the oral nanoemulsion were responsible for improving its stability. A therapeutic delivery system containing bullfrog oil for oral application was successfully developed and optimized with ideal thermo-oxidative stability.
Comparison of clinico-pathological characteristics and survival of recurrent ovarian cancer patients on seven different chemo-protocols
Authors: Sattar Saima , Ahmad Mobasher , Saeed Hamid , Saleem Zikria , Danish Zeeshan , Akhlaq Muhammad 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Despite growing prevalence of ovarian cancer (OC) in Pakistan, no literature evidence exists regarding its clinic-pathological characteristics, survival and compliance of patients with recurrent ovarian cancer on various chemo-protocols. An observational study was conducted by enrolling 251 recurrent OC patients on 7 different chemo-protocols, from a specialized cancer care hospital, Lahore, Pakistan, using convenient judgmental sampling. The study was conducted for a period of 6 months. Most of the patients were between 18 and 70 years of age, with IIIC FIGO stage and papillary serous histological grade. As per RECIST, improved partial response (PR) (63.3 %) and complete response (CR) (52.1 %) was observed in the CP (carboplatin + paclitaxel) arm, substantiated by improved median progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in CP and CD (carboplatin + docetaxel) arms, respectively, yet with no significant differences in survival curves, PFS (p = 0.12) and OS (p = 0.22). Interestingly, the highest and the lowest patient non-compliance were observed in CG (carboplatin + gemcitabine) (81.6 %) and paclitaxel (4.5 %) arms, resp. As per the hazard model for survival, topotecan showed significant association with the therapy related events/deaths compared to other protocols. These data suggest that CP regimen exhibited improved clinical efficacy and decreased toxicity related non-compliance in recurrent ovarian cancer patients of Lahore.
Sesquiterpenes α-humulene and β-caryophyllene oxide enhance the efficacy of 5-fluorouracil and oxaliplatin in colon cancer cells
Authors: Ambrož Martin , Šmatová Markéta , Šadibolová Michaela , Pospíšilová Eva , Hadravská Pavlína , Kašparová Michaela , Skarková Veronika Hanušová , Králová Věra , Skálová Lenka 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
The present study is designed to find out if sesquiterpenes, α-humulene (HUM), valencene (VAL), β-caryphyllene-oxide (CAO) and trans-nerolidol (NER), are able to improve the antiproliferative effect of classical cytostatic drugs, 5-fluorouracil (FU) and oxaliplatin (1,2-diaminocyclohexaneoxalato-platinum, OxPt), in colon cancer cell lines Caco-2 and SW-620. In addition, the possible mechanisms of sesquiterpene action are studied. The results show significant ability of HUM and especially of CAO to enhance the anti-proliferative effects of FU and OxPt in cancer cell lines Caco-2 and SW-620. On the other hand, VAL and NER are ineffective. The action of CAO could be partly based on its ability to disrupt the mitochondrial membrane potential and to activate initiator caspases, but other mechanisms are probably also involved. Based on these results, CAO seems to have the potential for combination therapy of colon cancers and deserves further study.
The antitumor activity of umbelliferone in human renal cell carcinoma via regulation of the p110γ catalytic subunit of PI3Kγ
Authors: Wang Xue , Huang Shuaishuai , Xin Xia , Ren Yu , Weng Guobin , Wang Ping 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Umbelliferone exhibits extensive pharmacological activity, including anti-immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory and antigenotoxicity activities. However, its antitumor properties still remain unclear in human renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cells. Our results have revealed that treatment of human RCC cells (786-O, OS-RC-2, and ACHN) with umbelliferone reduced cell proliferation in a concentration-dependent manner and induced dose-dependent apoptotic events. In addition, cell cycle analysis determined that umbelliferone treatment induced cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, western blotting analysis showed a dose-dependent decrease in Ki67, MCM2, Bcl-2, CDK2, CyclinE1, CDK4, and CyclinD1 and a dose-dependent increase in Bax in RCC cells cultured with umbelliferone. Similarly, umbelliferone exhibited a dose-dependent reduction of p110γ when using western blotting analyses. Taken together, these results provide an insight into the pharmacology regarding the potential application of umbelliferone, which contributes to cell death by decreasing p110γ protein expression.
Effects of annexin A1 on apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in human leukemic cell lines
Authors: Sabran Affidah , Kumolosasi Endang , Jantan Ibrahim 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Recent studies suggest that annexin A1 (ANXA1) promotes apoptosis in cancerous cells. This study aims to investigate the effects of ANXA1 on apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in K562, Jurkat and U937 cells and peripheral blood mononu-clear cells (PBMC). Cells were treated with ANXA1 and cyclophosphamide prior to flow cytometry analysis for apoptosis and cell cycle arrest induction. At 2.5µM, ANXA1 induced significant apoptosis in K562 (p ≤ 0.001) and U937 (p ≤ 0.05) cells, with EC
50 values of 3.6 and 3.8 µM, respectively. In Jurkat cells, induction was not significant (EC
50, 17.0 µM). No significant apoptosis induction was observed in PBMC. ANXA1 caused cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase in K562 and U937 cells with p ≤ 0.001 for both, and (p ≤ 0.01) for Jurkat cells. ANXA1 induced apoptosis and cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase in K562 and U937 cells, causing only cell cycle arrest in Jurkat cells.
Identification of new process-related impurity in the key intermediate in the synthesis of TCV-116
Authors: Testen Ana , Plevnik Miha , Štefane Bogdan , Cigić Irena Kralj 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Development of safe and effective drugs requires complete impurity evaluation and, therefore, knowledge about the formation and elimination of impurities is necessary. During impurity profiling of a key intermediate during synthesis of candesartan cilexetil (1-(((cyclohexyloxy)carbonyl) oxy)ethyl 1-((2’-(2H-tetrazol-5-yl)-[1,1’-biphenyl]-4-yl) methyl)-2-ethoxy-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-7-carboxylate, TCV-116), a novel compound, which had not been reported previously, was observed. Structural elucidation of impurity was achieved by liquid chromatography hyphenated to different high resolution mass analyzers. Based on exact mass measurements and fragmentation pattern, a chloro alkyl carbonate ester analogue of the intermediate was identified. Structure of the impurity was confirmed by mass spectro-metric and NMR analyses of the target substance. Identified impurity could represent a hazard if it is transferred to the final API stage and its presence should be kept below allowed limits. Further investigation could reveal whether bis(1-chloroethyl) carbonate is a precursor to impurity formation. Therefore, synthesis should be regulated so as to minimize impurity production. Analysis of the final product indicated that the amount of impurity did not exceed 50 mg L−1, which represents the detection limit, determined according to the signal/noise ratio.
Gellan gum and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as binding agents in extrusion/spheronization pellet formulations
Authors: Barbosa Eduardo José , Ferraz Humberto Gomes 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
The aim of this work was to evaluate gellan gum as binder in pellet formulations, with theophylline as the model drug, in comparison with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). A full 32 factorial design was realized, with binder and diluent factors at three levels each. Pellets were produced by the extrusion/spheronization technique, and dried in a fluid-ized bed. Physical tests and dissolution tests were conducted. The results showed that the binder factor was not significant for pellet size and granulometry distribution. Rather, trends of a different response of gellan gum were identified, in comparison with PVP, in aspect ratio and dissolution tests: more round pellets were obtained in formulations with gellan gum, and more variable dissolution resulted when this polysaccharide was present. Therefore, if the usage of this compound in immediate release pellet formulations is verified, this justifies the interest in the development of sustained release systems using gellan gum.