bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of Sexual Disinhibition in Dementia by Family Caregivers
Authors: Chapman Kimberly R. , Tremont Geoffrey , Malloy Paul , Spitznagel Mary Beth 
Published: March 2019

Purpose:
Sexual disinhibition in dementia is understudied and discrepant frequency rates are reported. Measures designed to capture general disinhibition may under-identify sexual disinhibition, and lack of assessment uniformity may contribute to inconsistent endorsement. The current study aimed to determine: (1) whether an item from a commonly used measure tapping into general disinhibition would detect sexual disinhibition, (2) whether differently worded items specifically addressing sexual disinhibition would elicit inconsistent endorsement, and (3) whether different caregiver types would yield discrepant endorsement.

Methods:
Data for this cross-sectional, observational study were collected online using items from the Neuropsychiatric Inventory, Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory, and novel items developed to assess sexual disinhibition.

Patients:
In total, 779 family dementia caregivers were recruited from social media caregiver groups.

Results:
In total, 26.2% of caregivers who explicitly endorsed sexual disinhibition did not endorse general disinhibition. Frequency of endorsement for sexual disinhibition differed depending upon item wording and nature of the caregiver relationship, including higher endorsement by spouses overall.

Discussion:
Inquiring generally about disinhibition may under-identify presence of sexual disinhibition. Lack of standardization may contribute to inconsistent frequency rates and characterization of this problem. More work is needed to better understand and identify sexual disinhibition in dementia.
Control of the Endo-Lysosome Homeostasis by the Paracaspase MALT1 regulates Glioma Cell Survival
Authors: Jacobs Kathryn A. , André-Grégoire Gwennan , Maghe Clément , Li Ying , Thys An , Harford-Wright Elizabeth , Trillet Kilian , Douanne Tiphaine , Frénel Jean-Sébastien , Bidère Nicolas , Gavard Julie 
Published: March 2019

AbstractGlioblastoma is one of the most lethal forms of adult cancer with a median survival of around 15 months. A potential treatment strategy involves targeting glioblastoma stem-like cells (GSC), which constitute a cell autonomous reservoir of aberrant cells able to initiate, maintain, and repopulate the tumor mass. Here, we report that the expression of the paracaspase mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue l (MALT1), a protease previously linked to antigen receptor-mediated NF-κB activation and B-cell lymphoma survival, inversely correlates with patient probability of survival. The knockdown ofMALT1largely impaired the expansion of patient-derived stem-like cellsin vitro, and this could be recapitulated with pharmacological inhibitors,in vitroandin vivo. Blocking MALT1 protease activity increases the endo-lysosome abundance, impaired autophagic flux, and culminates in lysosomal-mediated death, concomitantly with mTOR inactivation and dispersion from lysosomes. These findings place MALT1 as a new druggable target involved in glioblastoma and unveil ways to modulate the homeostasis of endo-lysosomes.
How signals of calcium ions initiate the beats of cilia and flagella
Authors: Satarić M. V. , Nemeš T. , Sekulić D. , Tuszynski J. A. 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTCilia and flagella are cell organelles serving basic roles in cellular motility. Ciliary movement is performed by a sweeping-like repeated bending motion, which gives rise to a self-propagating “ciliary beat”. The hallmark structure in cilia is the axoneme, a stable architecture of microtubule doublets. The motion of axoneme is powered by the axonemal dynein motor family powered by ATP hydrolysis. It is still unclear how the organized beat of cilium and flagella emerges from the combined action of hundreds of dynein molecules. It has been hypothesized that such coordination is mediated by mechanical stress due to transverse, radial or sliding deformations. The beating asymmetry is crucial for airway ciliary function and it requires tubulin glutamination a unique posttranslational modification of C-termini of constituent microtubules that is highly abundant in cilia and flagella. The exact role of tubulin glutamination in ciliary or flagellar function is still unclear. Here we examine the role of calcium (Ca2+) ions based on the experimental evidences that the flagellar asymmetry can be increased due to the entry of extracellular Ca2+through, for example, nimodipine-sensitive pathway located in the flagella. We propose a new scenario based on the polyelectrolyte properties of cellular microtubules (MTs) such that dynamic influx of Ca2+ions provides the initiation and synchronization of dynein sliding along microtubules. We also point out the possible interplay between tubulin polyglutaminated C-termini and localized pulses of Ca2+ions along microtubules.
IRE1β negatively regulates IRE1α signaling in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress
Authors: Grey Michael J. , Cloots Eva , Simpson Mariska S. , LeDuc Nicole , Serebrenik Yevgeniy V. , De Luca Heidi , De Sutter Delphine , Luong Phi , Thiagarajah Jay R. , Paton Adrienne W. , Paton James C. , Seeliger Markus A. , Eyckerman Sven , Janssens Sophie , Lencer Wayne I. 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTIRE1β is an ER stress sensor uniquely expressed in epithelial cells lining mucosal surfaces. Here, we show that intestinal epithelial cells expressing IRE1β have an attenuated response to ER stress. IRE1β assembles with and blocks activation of the closely related and most evolutionarily ancient stress-sensor IRE1α to suppress stress-induced xbp1 splicing, a key mediator of the unfolded protein response. In comparison, IRE1β has weak xbp1 splicing activity, largely explained by a non-conserved amino acid in the kinase domain that impairs its phosphorylation and restricts oligomerization. This enables IRE1β to act as a dominant negative suppressor of IRE1α. The inhibitory effect is amplified in cells by disrupting an XBP1-dependent feedback loop regulating stress-induced expression of IRE1α. Thus IRE1β functions to negatively regulate IRE1α signaling, perhaps enabling intestinal epithelial cells to manage the response to chronic stress stimuli at the host-environment interface.
Genetic dissection of cell wall defects and the strigolactone pathway in Arabidopsis
Authors: Ramírez Vicente , Pauly Markus 
Published: March 2019

AbstractDefects in the biosynthesis and/or deposition of secondary plant cell wall polymers result in the collapse of xylem vessels causing a dwarfed plant stature and an altered plant architecture termedirregular xylem (irx)syndrome. For example, reduced xylan O-acetylation causes strong developmental defects and increased freezing tolerance. Recently, we demonstrated that theirxsyndrome in thetrichome birefringence-like 29/eskimo1 (tbl29/esk1)mutant is dependent on the biosynthesis of the phytohormone strigolactone (SL). In this report, we show that other xylan- and cellulose-deficient secondary wall mutants exhibit increased freezing tolerance correlated with theirxsyndrome. In addition, blocking SL synthesis has also a suppressor effect on these phenotypes, suggesting a more general interaction between secondary wall defects and SL biosynthesis. In contrast, SLs do not play a role in developmental defects triggered by primary wall deficiencies, suggesting that the interaction is restricted to vascular tissue.Through a reverse genetics approach the requirement of different components of the SL pathway impacting theirxsyndrome intbl29was evaluated. Our results are consistent with a specific role for carlactone in this process, and suggest that a MORE AXILLARY GROWTH 2 (MAX2)-independent SL perception mechanism might be involved.
Self-Organizing Map Methodology for Sorting Differential Expression Data of MMP-9 Inhibition
Authors: St. Clair Rachel , Teti Michael , Knapinska Ania , Fields Gregg , Hahn William , Barenholtz Elan 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAn unsupervised machine-learning model, based on a self-organizing map (SOM), was employed to extract suggested target genes from DESeq2 differential expression analysis data. Such methodology was tested on matrixmetalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) inhibitors. The model generated information on several novel gene hits that may be regulated by MMP-9, suggesting the self-organizing map method may serve as a useful analytic tool in degradomics research for further differential expression data analysis. Original data was generated from a previous study, which consisted of quantitative measures in changes of levels of gene expression from 32,000 genes in four different conditions of stimulated T-cells treated with an MMP-9 inhibitor. Since intracellular target of MMP-9 are not yet well characterized, the functional enrichment analysis program, WebGestalt, was used for validation of the SOM identified regulated genes. The proposed data analysis method indicated MMP-9’s prominent role in biological regulatory and metabolic processes as major categories of regulation of the predicted genes. Both fields suggest extensive intracellular targets for MMP-9-triggered regulation, which are new interests in MMP-9 research. The methodology presented here is useful for similar knowledge and discovery from quantitative datasets and a proposed extension of DESeq2 or similar data analysis.
Keep your hands apart: independent representations of ipsilateral and contralateral forelimbs in primary motor cortex
Authors: Heming Ethan A , Cross Kevin P , Takei Tomohiko , Cook Douglas J , Scott Stephen H 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTIt is generally accepted that each cortical hemisphere primarily drives the opposite side of the body. Yet, primary motor cortical (M1) activity has been robustly correlated with both contralateral and ipsilateral arm movements. It has remained unanswered as to why ipsilaterally-related activity does not cause contralateral motor activity. Here we apply multi-joint elbow and shoulder loads to the left or right arms of monkeys during a postural perturbation task. We show that many M1 neurons respond to mechanical disturbances applied to either the contra- or ipsilateral arms. More neurons respond to loads applied to the contralateral arm with response magnitudes that were ~2x as large and had onset times that were ~10ms earlier. However, in some cases, neurons exhibited large and earlier responses to loads applied to the ipsilateral arm than loads applied to the contralateral arm. Similar effects were observed when the monkeys were maintaining postural control well after the load had been applied. Importantly, we show that the load preference to one arm has little predictive power on a neuron’s preference in the opposite arm. Furthermore, we found contralateral and ipsilateral neural activity resided in orthogonal subspaces allowing for a weighted sum of neural responses to extract the contralateral activity without interference from the ipsilateral activity, and vice versa. These data show how activity in M1 unrelated to downstream motor targets can be segregated from downstream motor output.
COMICS: A pipeline for the composite identification of selection across multiple genomic scans using Invariant Coordinate Selection in R
Authors: Nelson Joel T. , Cornejo Omar E. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIdentifying loci that are under selection versus those that are evolving neutrally is a common challenge in evolutionary genetics. Moreover, with the increase in sequence data, genomic studies have begun to incorporate the use of multiple methods to identify candidate loci under selection. Composite methods are usually implemented to transform the data into a multi-dimensional scatter where outliers are identified using a distance metric, the most common being Mahalanobis distance. However, studies have shown that the power of Mahalanobis distance reduces as the number of dimensions increases. Because the number of methods for detecting selection continue to grow, this is an undesirable feature of Mahalanobis distance. Other composite methods such as invariant coordinate selection (ICS) have proven to be a robust method for identifying outliers in multi-dimensional space; though, this method has not been implemented for genomic data. Here we use simulated genomic data to test the performance of ICS in identifying outlier loci from multiple selection scans and compare the results to the performance of Mahalanobis distances. We show that the ICS outperformed Mahalanobis distance in all aspects including false positives, false negatives, and recall. Furthermore, ICS also performed better when identifying loci with weaker selection coefficients. We also introduce a pipeline in a R-Shiny smart wrapper environment that implements the ICS on multiple scans of selection. Importantly, we show that the ICS is a robust method for identifying outliers in multi-dimensional space and recommend its use for studies aimed at identifying loci under selection in the genome.
Differential dynamics of microbial community networks help identify microorganisms interacting with residue-borne pathogens: the case of Zymoseptoria tritici in wheat
Authors: Kerdraon Lydie , Barret Matthieu , Laval Valérie , Suffert Frédéric 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundWheat residues are a crucial determinant of the epidemiology of Septoria tritici blotch, as they support the sexual reproduction of the causal agent Zymoseptoria tritici. We aimed to characterize the effect of infection with this fungal pathogen on the microbial communities present on wheat residues, and to identify microorganisms interacting with it. We used metabarcoding to characterize the microbiome associated with wheat residues placed outdoors, with and without preliminary Z. tritici inoculation, comparing a first set of residues in contact with the soil and a second set without contact with the soil, on four sampling dates in two consecutive years.ResultsThe diversity of the tested conditions, leading to the establishment of different microbial communities according to the origins of the constitutive taxa (plant only, or plant and soil), highlighted the effect of Z. tritici on the wheat residue microbiome. Several microorganisms were affected by Z. tritici infection, even after the disappearance of the pathogen. Linear discriminant analyses and ecological network analyses were combined to describe the communities affected by infection. The number of fungi and bacteria promoted or inhibited by inoculation with Z. tritici decreased over time, and was smaller for residues in contact with the soil. The interactions between the pathogen and other microorganisms appeared to be mostly indirect, despite the strong position of the pathogen as a keystone taxon in networks. Direct interactions with other members of the communities mostly involved fungi, including other wheat pathogens. Our results provide essential information about the alterations to the microbial community in wheat residues induced by the mere presence of a fungal pathogen, and vice versa. Species already described as beneficial or biocontrol agents were found to be affected by pathogen inoculation.ConclusionsThe strategy developed here can be viewed as a proof-of-concept focusing on crop residues as a particularly rich ecological compartment, with a high diversity of fungal and bacterial taxa originating from both the plant and soil compartments, and for Z. tritici-wheat as a model pathosystem. By revealing putative antagonistic interactions, this study paves the way for improving the biological control of residue-borne diseases.
A neural network approach for retailer risk assessment in the aftermarket industry
Authors: Rezaei Shirin , Shokouhyar Sajjad , Zandieh Mostafa 
Published: March 2019

Purpose
Given the competitive environment and complicated relationships in supply chains in the modern era, it is important to take into account internal and external risks. In addition, proper methods must be designed to evaluate these risks correctly. The purpose of this paper is to provide a suitable map based on the artificial neural network technique to assess and classify the risk levels of retailers who have interconnected rules in the downstream of the supply chain.

Design/methodology/approach
In this research, a model for risk assessment with a hexagonal grid and 2D self-organizing map was applied.

Findings
According to the results, the model used in the study can provide a basis for classification of retailers based on the specified risk levels defined by the experts and risk managers of the company. Also with the model’s visual output, managers can have a better understanding of the distribution of the risk level of retailers.

Practical implications
The proposed methodology can be adopted by managers to assess the risk of members involved in the supply chain, helping them to formulate the risk mitigation strategies based on the risk levels.

Originality/value
As a part of the risk management process, organizations can use this developed method to reduce the existing risks imposed by the members or customers on the company.
Influence of sustainability scholarship on competencies – an empirical evidence
Authors: D’Souza Clare , McCormack Silvia , Taghian Mehdi , Chu Mei-Tai , Sullivan-Mort Gillian , Ahmed Tanvir 
Published: March 2019

Purpose
Curricula is developing from a pure knowledge-based outcome to a more skill-based outcome, with the objective of creating and advancing competencies that meet employer expectations. While the new Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) demand organisations to change practices and adapt to sustainable goals, there is a lack of understanding in how competencies can enhance these goals. The purpose of this paper is twofold: Study 1 explores competencies related to sustainability required in a work force and examines employer perceptions on the existing literature for competencies. Study 2 empirically tests the influence of sustainability scholarship on non-technical competencies in the work force.

Design/methodology/approach
A mixed method approach was undertaken. A sample of managers from 39 large Australian organisations participated in the scoping study. This was followed by further interviewing executives from 12 multinational corporations in China to assess the validity of competencies and provide deeper understanding of the issues at hand. The quantitative study analysed a sample of executive responses from 229 multinationals in China using factor and regression analysis to test for the effects of mediation.

Findings
The research highlights that the underlying competencies regarding sustainability influences the bigger picture within firms for attaining sustainability. The affective and cognitive growth of sustainability scholarship is governed mainly by a firm’s sustainable values. Core organisational values facilitate the development of non-technical competencies. These relationships and their cumulative effect on competencies provide a theoretical framework for acquiring sustainability within organisations. Employees need sustainability scholarship for enhancing sustainability. Sustainability scholarship reflects high-level learning obtained through universities or training. The research found that non-technical competencies such as professional ethical responsibility mediate between core business competencies and sustainability scholarship.

Originality/value
By exploring employer’s perception of competencies, the study first makes an important contribution in addressing the need to support SDGs by bridging organisational-level competencies and sustainability literacy, which hold significant benefits for practitioners, academia and organisations at large. Second, the theoretical findings strengthen the need for embedding competencies in the curriculum. It conveys the need for sustainability literacy/scholarship to align with organisational training and learning pedagogies, in order to effectively meet industry needs. Third, it provides useful insights on employers’ estimation about workplace competencies and broadens our understanding on the contribution that competencies within organisations make to this end.
Linking college mission statements to cost containment strategies
Authors: Simon Jessica K. , Way Megan McDonald , Polutnik Lidija , Albright Jeremy 
Published: March 2019

PurposeLeaders at higher education institutions (HEIs) in the USA experience substantial pressure to contain costs while advancing their educational missions. The purpose of this paper is to explore the association between publicly stated academic cost-containment objectives found in HEI’s strategic plans and mission statements, which help to unify stakeholders and link strategy to an organization’s purpose.Design/methodology/approachThis paper analyzes mission statements and strategic plans of 57 small, private HEIs in the Northeastern USA. HEIs in this sample published strategic plans with an explicit cost-containment goal. Mission statements were analyzed for readability. Thematic analysis was conducted using the balanced scorecard approach. Associations between a stated academic cost containment goal and mission statement themes are presented using logistic regression.FindingsMission statements of HEIs focused on academic cost containment are wordier and more varied. They tend not to mention “liberal arts,” a potential signal of a high-quality, high-cost school; less selective schools may be more likely to emphasize academic cost cutting.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper contributes to the literature demonstrating mission statements’ role in goal setting. Further, it considers college costs from college administrators’ perspectives. Given the small sample size, future work should expand the sample and use case studies to explore how mission shapes or constrains strategic objectives.Originality/valueThis is the first paper using qualitative and quantitative analysis to explore the association between the mission statements of small HEIs and academic cost containment goals in strategic plans, documents intended to support differentiation in a crowded market.