bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of requirements volatility on software architecture: How do software teams keep up with ever‐changing requirements?
Authors: Dasanayake Sandun , Aaramaa Sanja , Markkula Jouni , Oivo Markku 
Published: March 2019

AbstractRequirements volatility is a major issue in software development, causing problems such as higher defect density, project delays, and cost overruns. Software architecture that guides the overall vision of software product is one of the areas that is greatly affected by requirements volatility. Since critical architecture decisions are made based on the requirements at hand, changes in requirements can result significant changes in architecture. With the wide adoption of agile software development, software architectures are designed to accommodate possible future changes. However, the changes has to be carefully managed as unnecessary and excessive changes can bring negative consequences. An exploratory case study was conducted to study the impact of requirements volatility on software architecture. Fifteen semistructured, thematic interviews were conducted in a European software company. The research revealed poor communication, information distortion, and external dependencies as the main factors that cause requirement volatility and inadequate architecture documentation, inability to trace design rationale, and increased complexity as the main implications of requirements volatility on software architecture. Insights from software teams' awareness of the requirement volatility, factors contribute to it, and possible ways to mitigate its implications will be utilized to improve the management of requirement volatility during software architecting process.
Imaging in gynecological disease (15): clinical and ultrasound characteristics of uterine sarcoma
Authors: Ludovisi M. , Moro F. , Pasciuto T. , Di Noi S. , Giunchi S. , Savelli L. , Pascual M. A. , Sladkevicius P. , Alcazar J. L. , Franchi D. , Mancari R. , Moruzzi M. C. , Jurkovic D. , Chiappa V. , Guerriero S. , Exacoustos C. , Epstein E. , Frühauf F. , Fischerova D. , Fruscio R. , Ciccarone F. , Zannoni G. F. , Scambia G. , Valentin L. , Testa A. C. 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo describe the clinical and ultrasound characteristics of uterine sarcomas.MethodsThis was a retrospective multicenter study. From the databases of 13 ultrasound centers, we identified patients with a histological diagnosis of uterine sarcoma with available ultrasound reports and ultrasound images who had undergone preoperative ultrasound examination between 1996 and 2016. As the first step, each author collected information from the original ultrasound reports from his/her own center on predefined ultrasound features of the tumors and by reviewing the ultrasound images to identify information on variables not described in the original report. As the second step, 16 ultrasound examiners reviewed the images electronically in a consensus meeting and described them using predetermined terminology.ResultsWe identified 116 patients with leiomyosarcoma, 48 with endometrial stromal sarcoma and 31 with undifferentiated endometrial sarcoma. Median age of the patients was 56 years (range, 26–86 years). Most patients were symptomatic at diagnosis (164/183 (89.6%)), the most frequent presenting symptom being abnormal vaginal bleeding (91/183 (49.7%)). Patients with endometrial stromal sarcoma were younger than those with leiomyosarcoma and undifferentiated endometrial sarcoma (median age, 46 years vs 57 and 60 years, respectively). According to the assessment by the original ultrasound examiners, the median diameter of the largest tumor was 91 mm (range, 7–321 mm). Visible normal myometrium was reported in 149/195 (76.4%) cases, and 80.0% (156/195) of lesions were solitary. Most sarcomas (155/195 (79.5%)) were solid masses (> 80% solid tissue), and most manifested inhomogeneous echogenicity of the solid tissue (151/195 (77.4%)); one sarcoma was multilocular without solid components. Cystic areas were described in 87/195 (44.6%) tumors and most cyst cavities had irregular walls (67/87 (77.0%)). Internal shadowing was observed in 42/192 (21.9%) sarcomas and fan‐shaped shadowing in 4/192 (2.1%). Moderate or rich vascularization was found on color‐Doppler examination in 127/187 (67.9%) cases. In 153/195 (78.5%) sarcomas, the original ultrasound examiner suspected malignancy. Though there were some differences, the results of the first and second steps of the analysis were broadly similar.ConclusionsUterine sarcomas typically appear as solid masses with inhomogeneous echogenicity, sometimes with irregular cystic areas but only very occasionally with fan‐shaped shadowing. Most are moderately or very well vascularized. Copyright © 2019 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Dyadic coping in personal projects of romantic partners: assessment and associations with relationship satisfaction
Authors: Martos Tamás , Szabó Evelin , Koren Réka , Sallay Viola 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIn the present study we describe a context-sensitive, personal-projects-based approach to dyadic coping with stress which adapted the Dyadic Coping Inventory (DCI) for the assessment of dyadic coping strategies in stressful personal projects. In a cross-sectional study, 149 heterosexual Hungarian couples provided evaluations pertaining to their dyadic coping experiences in a stressful everyday project. Explorative factor analyses of personal project-related DCI items provided theoretically meaningful factor structures and the resulting subscales showed excellent reliability. The subscales’ predictive validity was tested in two dyadic analyses using the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model (APIM) whereby positive and negative dyadic coping experiences served as predictors of satisfaction with the dyadic coping process in particular, and with the relationship in general as outcomes. Our results showed that satisfaction with dyadic coping in personal projects is predicted only by the dyadic coping experiences of the respondents (the actor effect), while actor and partner effects proved to be predictive of relationship satisfaction. Negative partner experiences related to dyadic coping predicted lower relationship satisfaction of the female partner, while for males the positive experiences of the partner were found to be more predictive. These results confirm that the contextualized assessment of dyadic coping experiences in specific stressful personal projects is a reliable and valid method. Further methodological and theoretical conclusions are discussed.
Parent-provider paediatric literacy communication: A&nbsp;curriculum for future primary care providers
Authors: Kindratt Tiffany , Bernard Brittany , Webb Jade , Pagels Patti 
Published: March 2019

Background Reach Out and Read promotes early literacy and school readiness by incorporating book delivery and anticipatory guidance into well-child visits. There is a need to train future healthcare providers in the knowledge and skills to communicate with parents/caregivers about early childhood literacy. We developed and evaluated a curriculum to improve learners’ knowledge, attitudes, and skills towards the incorporation of parent-provider literacy communication into well-child visits. Methods Family medicine residents (n = 30), physician assistant students (n = 36), and medical students (n = 28) participated in a curriculum consisting of service learning, online didactic training, objective structured clinical exams (OSCEs) and a debriefing session. Standardized patients (SPs; 6 months to 5 years) and standardized patient caregivers were recruited and trained. Learners were evaluated on their abilities to offer books to patients, provide anticipatory guidance, and demonstrate parent-provider communication skills. Knowledge, attitudes, and satisfaction were collected pre- and post-curriculum. Results Significant increases in total knowledge were observed after completing curriculum activities (p < 0.001). All attitudes improved after training (p < 0.05). All learners (100%) recommended that caregivers talk back and forth with their 6‑ to 12-month-old babies and make eye contact. Few (18.2%) learners recommended playing games like ‘peek-a-boo’ while reading. When caregivers evaluated learners’ basic parent-provider communication skills, all reported that the learners treated them with respect and used plain language. Discussion Our curriculum extends beyond previous studies by measuring recommended books, anticipatory guidance, and communication skills using paediatric SPs and standardized patient caregivers.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Differentiation between Parotid Neoplasms
Authors: Elmokadem Ali H. , Abdel Khalek Ahmed M. , Abdel Wahab Rihame M. , Tharwat Nehal , Gaballa Ghada M. , Elata Mohamed Abo , Amer Talal 
Published: March 2019

Purpose This study was designed to evaluate the role of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for differentiation of parotid gland neoplasms. Methods Prospective study was conducted upon 52 consecutive patients (30 men, 22 women; aged 24–78 years; mean, 51 years) with parotid tumours that underwent multiparametric MRI using combined static MRI, dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE) MRI, and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). The static MRI parameter, time signal intensity curves (TIC) derived from DCE-MRI, and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of parotid tumours were correlated with histopathological findings. Results Static MRI revealed a significant difference between both benign and malignant lesions in regards to margin definition ( P < .001) and T2 hypointensity ( P < .013), with a diagnostic accuracy 95% and 78.33% respectively. Study of the TIC type on DCE-MRI revealed statistically significant difference between benign and malignant lesions ( P < .001) and diagnostic accuracy 96.55%. There was no statistically significant difference ( P = .181) between the ADC values of benign and malignant lesions. ROC curve analysis revealed that by using ADC cut-off value of 1 × 10−3 mm2/s had accuracy of 84.62% respectively for differentiating Warthin from malignant tumours that could be modified to higher value (94.28%) by excluding lymphoma from malignant lesions. By using cutoff value of 1.3 × 10−3 mm2/s to differentiate pleomorphic adenoma from malignancy, ROC curve analysis had high accuracy of 97.06%. Conclusion Multiparametric MRI can be used for differentiation of malignant from benign parotid tumours and characterization of some benign parotid tumours.
Dynamics of spatially localized states in transitional plane Couette flow
Authors: Pershin Anton , Beaume Cédric , Tobias Steven M. 
Published: March 2019

Unsteady spatially localized states such as puffs, slugs or spots play an important role in transition to turbulence. In plane Couette flow, steady versions of these states are found on two intertwined solution branches describing homoclinic snaking (Schneider et al., Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 104, 2010, 104501). These branches can be used to generate a number of spatially localized initial conditions whose transition can be investigated. From the low Reynolds numbers where homoclinic snaking is first observed ($Re<175$) to transitional ones ($Re\approx 325$), these spatially localized states traverse various regimes where their relaminarization time and dynamics are affected by the dynamical structure of phase space. These regimes are reported and characterized in this paper for a $4\unicode[STIX]{x03C0}$-periodic domain in the streamwise direction as a function of the two remaining variables: the Reynolds number and the width of the localized pattern. Close to the snaking, localized states are attracted by spatially localized periodic orbits before relaminarizing. At larger values of the Reynolds number, the flow enters a chaotic transient of variable duration before relaminarizing. Very long chaotic transients ($t>10^{4}$) can be observed without difficulty for relatively low values of the Reynolds number ($Re\approx 250$).
Insights into vase-shaped microfossil diversity and Neoproterozoic biostratigraphy in light of recent Brazilian discoveries
Authors: Morais L. , Lahr D.J.G. , Rudnitzki I.D. , Freitas B.T. , Romero G.R. , Porter S.M. , Knoll A.H. , Fairchild T.R. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractVase-shaped microfossils (VSMs) occur in dolostone clasts within conglomerates, breccias, and diamictites of the Neoproterozoic Urucum Formation, Jacadigo Group, southwest Brazil. Although their taphonomic history is distinct from those of other VSM assemblages, morphometric comparison of Urucum fossils with five others described previously from North America and Europe show that two of the Urucum species—the long-neckedLimeta lageniformisMorais, Fairchild, and Lahr in Morais et al., 2017 and the funnel-neckedPalaeoamphora urucumenseMorais et al., 2017—occur in the Kwagunt and Callison Lake assemblages, as doesPakupaku kabinRiedman, Porter, and Calver, 2017 recently described from the Togari Group, Tasmania.Obelix rootsii(Cohen, Irvine, and Strauss, 2017) new combination, previously known only from the Callison Lake Formation, is documented here from the Kwagunt Formation. In addition,Trigonocyrillium horodyskii(Bloeser, 1985) andBonniea dacrucharesPorter, Meisterfeld, and Knoll, 2003, first described from the Kwagunt assemblage, have now been found in the Urucum Formation. In light of this survey, 16 of the 18 validly described VSM species are now known to occur in the Kwagunt Formation and 13 in the Callison Lake Formation, with 12 of them shared by both formations. The fact that the Urucum VSM assemblage exhibits six of seven species in common with the Kwagunt Formation—L. lageniformis, P. urucumense, Cycliocyrillium simplexPorter, Meisterfeld, and Knoll, 2003,C. torquataPorter, Meisterfeld, and Knoll, 2003,B. dacrucharesPorter, Meisterfeld, and Knoll, 2003, andT. horodyskii(Bloeser, 1985)—and all but the last of these in common with the Callison Lake Formation supports correlation of these three assemblages and indicates that the source of the fossiliferous clasts within the Urucum Formation may well have been a now-vanished late Tonian carbonate platform.UUID:http://zoobank.org/ac0becd6-29ff-4491-80fa-0291730fba65
Measuring networks in the field
Authors: Larson Jennifer M. , Lewis Janet I. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractMeasuring networks in the field—usually by asking individuals systematically about their networks–entails complex design choices, with large consequences for the resulting data. Because observations in a network are interconnected, well-established practices from non-network survey settings can lead researchers astray. Despite the increasing focus on networks in political science, little guidance is available for researchers facing high-stakes decisions when designing a study to elicit networks. This paper serves as a practical guide. It offers a simple framework for constructing a network theory, illuminates tradeoffs like measuring more nodes versus more ties per node or asking for names versus selections from a list, and proposes a new technique for cleaning relational data.
Interculturality as social capital at work: The case of disagreements in American-Japanese interaction
Authors: Moody Stephen J. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractTheories of social capital hold that strong interpersonal relationships can be leveraged to facilitate information sharing, gain trust, and strengthen group solidarity. Thus, it is often predicted that international workers are disadvantaged in these areas because they lack established social ties. Using data from disagreements between American interns and their colleagues in Japanese companies, this study critically examines this prediction by illustrating some ways participants use socially constructed representations of intercultural ideologies in ways that facilitate similar outcomes and substitute for their lack of relational histories. Specifically, these representations temporarily reverse flows of information, resist restrictions stemming from perceived lack of trust, and create shared humor that helps redefine in-group boundaries. By using a formal social capital model to interpret these results, this study helps position socially constructed representations of interculturality within a broader theoretical account of the potentially many forms of symbolic ‘capital’ that enable action. (Social capital, interculturality, disagreements, workplace, social identity)*
Magnetic field-induced signal enhancement in laser-produced lead plasma
Authors: Akhtar M. , Jabbar A. , Ahmed N. , Mehmood S. , Umar Z.A. , Ahmed R. , Baig M.A. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractLaser-induced breakdown spectroscopy has been exploited to investigate the laser-produced lead plasma with and without external magnetic field. Plasma on the lead surface was generated by focusing a beam of a Nd:YAG laser (532 nm). An external magnetic field was applied across the laser-produced plasma; its value was varied from 0.3 to 0.7 T and the time-integrated spectra were captured at different time delays. Maximum enhancement in the neutral and ionic line intensities have been observed at 130 mJ laser energy. The neutral line of Pb at 368.34 nm reveals an enhancement factor of nearly 1.3, 1.6, and 2.3 at 0.3, 0.5, and 0.7 T, whereas the Pb ionic line at 424.49 nm shows enhancement factor of approximately 2.8 and 4.2 at 0.3 and 0.7 T. The magnetic field effects on various plasma parameters such as plasma temperature, electron number density, and emission line intensities have also been investigated. The plasma parameter “β” is found to be &lt;1 in all the experimental conditions which signifies that the enhancement in the signal intensity is due to the plasma confinement. The increase in the emission signal intensity, number density as well as plasma temperature is observed with increasing laser energy and magnetic field. The spatial and temporal behavior reveals that the plasma temperature and electron number density decrease slowly in the applied magnetic field due to the deceleration of the plasma plume. The optimized conditions for the maximum plasma confinement and the emission intensity enhancement are observed at 130 mJ laser energy at 0.7 T magnetic field.
Femtosecond laser induced two-photon absorption in Au-ion embedded glasses
Authors: Ahmad Rabia , Shahid Rafique M. , Ahmed Ammar , Ajami Ali , Nekvindova Pavla , Svecova Blanka , Bashir Shazia , Iqbal Saman 
Published: March 2019

AbstractTwo-photon absorption (TPA) of Au-ion irradiated glasses in the femtosecond regime has been analyzed by an open-aperture Z scan technique. Three types of glasses, namely GIL49, BK7, and Glass B were irradiated by using 1700 keV Au+ ion beams. Samples were post-annealed at 600°C for 5 h. Penetration depth and distribution of Au+ ions having 1700 keV energy within glass substrates were estimated by transport of ions in matter (TRIM) simulations. Detailed calculations with full-damage cascades were performed for each sample, taking into account the chemical composition of glass substrates. TRIM results reveal that there is no significant change in ion range, straggling, and ion distribution with the change in the substrate composition. However, Z scan results showed a difference in TPA coefficients for all three glasses. Extent of crosslinking within each of irradiated sample, owing to its chemical composition, may have affected their TPA coefficients.
VAGUE COMPARISONS AND PROPORTIONAL SENTENCING
Authors: Bronsther Jacob 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTThe “small improvement problem” (“the Problem”) applies when no option in a comparison is best nor, it seems, are the options equal, because a small improvement to one would fail to make it the better choice. I argue that vagueness causes the Problem, such that the options are vaguely equal or vaguely “related.” I then unpack an important instance of the Problem, the comparison between a crime and a punishment upon which the ideal of a retributively deserved sentence is based. I argue that this comparison is not only vague, but remarkably vague, leading to an expansive array of “not undeserved” sentences. I conclude, however, that retributivism can only justify the least harmful “not undeserved” sentence.
LTE-based passive multistatic radar for high-speed railway network surveillance: design and preliminary results
Authors: Blázquez-García Rodrigo , Casamayón-Antón Jorge , Burgos-García Mateo 
Published: March 2019

AbstractWith the aim of performing perimeter surveillance of high-speed railway networks, this paper presents the design of a passive multistatic radar system based on the use of Long-Term Evolution (LTE) downlink signals as the illumination of opportunity. Taking into account the specifications and standard of the LTE system, the ambiguity function of measured downlink signals is analyzed in terms of range and Doppler resolution, ambiguities, and sidelobe level. The deployment of the proposed passive radar is flexible and scalable, and it is based on multichannel software defined radio receivers that obtain the reference and surveillance signals by means of digital beamforming. The signal processing and data fusion are based, respectively, on the delay-Doppler cross-correlation with the reconstructed reference signals and a two-stage tracking at sensor and central level. Finally, the performance of the proposed system is estimated in terms of its maximum detection range and simulation results of the detection of moving targets are presented, demonstrating its technical feasibility for the short-range detection of pedestrians, vehicles, and small drones.
Analytical modeling of antisymmetric split-ring resonators coupled with transmission line
Authors: Milosevic Vojislav , Bojanic Radovan , Jokanovic Branka 
Published: March 2019

AbstractCoupled-mode theory is applied to obtain an analytic form of scattering parameters for a class of transmission line metamaterials with antisymmetric split-rings. The same structure is modeled with equivalent circuit, which includes electric and magnetic coupling with the line and inter-resonator coupling. Modified even/odd analysis is used to obtain scattering parameters from the equivalent circuit. These two methods are shown to be equivalent in a narrow band, and their constants related. The obtained results are compared with full-wave simulations and measurements, and it is shown that both methods give accurate approximation in one octave frequency band. The derived analytic expressions are suitable for study of resonant phenomena, with potential practical applications for filters, phase shifters, delay lines, and sensors.
Herbicide Metabolism: Crop Selectivity, Bioactivation, Weed Resistance, and Regulation
Authors: Nandula Vijay K. , Riechers Dean E. , Ferhatoglu Yurdagul , Barrett Michael , Duke Stephen O. , Dayan Franck E. , Goldberg-Cavalleri Alina , Tétard-Jones Catherine , Wortley David J. , Onkokesung Nawaporn , Brazier-Hicks Melissa , Edwards Robert , Gaines Todd , Iwakami Satoshi , Jugulam Mithila , Ma Rong 
Published: March 2019

AbstractSeveral grass and broadleaf weed species around the world have evolved multiple-herbicide resistance at alarmingly increasing rates. Research on the biochemical and molecular resistance mechanisms of multiple-resistant weed populations indicate a prevalence of herbicide metabolism catalyzed by enzyme systems such as cytochrome P450 monooxygenases and glutathioneS-transferases and, to a lesser extent, by glucosyl transferases. A symposium was conducted to gain an understanding of the current state of research on metabolic resistance mechanisms in weed species that pose major management problems around the world. These topics, as well as future directions of investigations that were identified in the symposium, are summarized herein. In addition, the latest information on selected topics such as the role of safeners in inducing crop tolerance to herbicides, selectivity to clomazone, glyphosate metabolism in crops and weeds, and bioactivation of natural molecules is reviewed.