bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validierung der deutschen Version des Eating Assessment Tool bei Kopf-Hals-Tumor-Patienten
Authors: Zaretsky Eugen , Steinbach-Hundt Silke , Pluschinski Petra , Grethel Isabel , Hey Christiane 
Published: April 2018

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Die Erfassung von subjektiv empfundenen Schluckbeschwerden bildet ein wichtiges Element in einem multidimensionalen und damit modernen
Management von schluckgestörten Patienten infolge eines Kopf-Hals-Tumors. Zur Verfügung steht hier der international anerkannte und validierte
10-Item-Fragebogen EAT-10, der 2008 von Belafsky et al. entwickelt und validiert wurde. Ziel der vorliegenden Studie ist die Übersetzung des EAT-10 in die
deutsche Sprache und dessen Validierung für Patienten mit einem Kopf-Hals-Tumor.
Material und Methoden Nach Übersetzung des EAT-10 ins Deutsche gemäß den Richtlinien zur Übersetzung fremdsprachlicher Messinstrumente erfolgte die
Validierung des gEAT-10 anhand von 210 Kopf-Hals-Tumor-Patienten. Ermittelt wurden die Reliabilität anhand der internen Konsistenz (Cronbachs Alpha) und
Eigentrennschärfe (Spearman-Korrelation). Die Konstruktvalidität wurde geprüft anhand der uni- und multivariaten Berechnung der Verteilung von
gEAT-10-Gesamtscores abhängig von Geschlecht, Alter, BMI, Tumorstadium und -lokalisation sowie der Art der onkologischen Therapie.
Ergebnisse Die interne Konsistenz betrug α = 0,94. Die Eigentrennschärfe variierte zwischen ρ = 0,59 und ρ = 0,85. Es ließ sich kein signifikanter
Zusammenhang zwischen gEAT-10-Gesamtscore und Geschlecht bzw. Alter univariat erkennen, jedoch einer für BMI, Tumorstadium und -lokalisation sowie Art der
onkologischen Therapie. In der Regression lieferte dagegen nur das Tumorstadium ein signifikantes Ergebnis.
Schlussfolgerung Der gEAT-10 erwies sich als ein reliabler und konstruktvalider Fragebogen zur Erfassung subjektiver Schluckbeschwerden bei Patienten mit
Kopf-Hals-Tumor.
Intraoperative Fluorescence Is Useful but Not Always Sufficient in Contrast-Enhancing Malignant Gliomas
Authors: Moiyadi Aliasgar 
Published: April 2018

AbstractFluorescence-guided resections have become standard of care for malignant gliomas. Strong fluorescence has been shown to correlate with solid enhancing tumor. However, with experience it has also been shown that visualized fluorescence may not identify the entire extent of the tumor. Knowing that malignant gliomas extend beyond the contrast-enhancing tumor seen on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), reliance only on the fluorescence intraoperatively may not be enough. Intraoperative ultrasound is a readily available tool for real-time assessment of resection status, irrespective of the tumor type. We describe one such case in which after resecting all the visible fluorescing tumor component, we identified a significant component of nonfluorescing tumor, using intraoperative ultrasound that was further resected completely. This illustrates the need for multimodal intraoperative guidance for achieving optimal tumor resection in malignant gliomas.
Osteoma osteoide, causa inusual de dolor de muñeca
Authors: Beteta Robles Teresa , Olea Angel , Blanco Luz 
Published: April 2018

ResumenPresentamos el caso de una mujer joven con dolor en muñeca de meses de evolución. Las pruebas de imagen que se le realizan no son concluyentes. La clínica nos hace sospechar en el OO como posible diagnostico por lo que se realiza una TC que pone de manifiesto la presencia del nidus. Siguiendo el protocolo de nuestro servicio, se decide como tratamiento la ablación percutánea por radiofrecuencia. La mejoría clínica es inmediata. Aunque la mayoría de los OO son de diagnóstico sencillo, siguen presentándose algunos casos, como el del paciente expuesto, cuyas localizaciones peculiares o tamaño pequeño pueden producir errores o retrasos en el diagnostico.
Relationship between In Vitro Fertilization and Neonatal Outcomes in Very Low Birth Weight Preterm Infants
Authors: Al-Hathlol Khalid 
Published: April 2018

Objective To assess the association of in vitro fertilization (IVF) with neonatal outcomes and duration of stay in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) among very low birth weight (VLBW) preterm infants.
Methods This was a cohort study of VLBW preterm infants admitted to NICU over 15 years. We assessed neonatal outcomes including composite outcome of mortality or severe morbidity, risk for major birth defects, survival without severe morbidity, and the duration of NICU stay across three birth-year epochs.
Results A total of 1,533 infants were eligible for data analysis. Of these, 236 were born following IVF and 1,297 were born following spontaneous conception (SC). After adjustment for baseline variables, regression analysis revealed no statistically significant differences between IVF and SC groups in terms of the composite outcome of mortality or severe morbidity, risk for major birth defects, survival without severe morbidity, or duration of NICU stay.
Conclusion Among VLBW preterm infants, IVF had no detectable relationship with neonatal outcomes and duration of NICU stay. These findings can help provide guidance in professional counseling of affected families.
Radiologisch basierte Therapie des Kehlkopfkrebses überprüft
Authors: Büntzel Jens 
Published: April 2018

Ko HC et al. Survival Outcomes for Patients With T3N0M0 Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Glottic Larynx. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2017; 143: 1126–1133
Wie ist das Überleben von Patienten mit Kehlkopfkrebs im Stadium T3N0M0, die operativ oder mittels Radiotherapie behandelt wurden? Zur Klärung dieser Frage
verglichen chinesische Wissenschaftler die retrospektiven Daten dieser Patienten über einen langfristigen Nachbeobachtungszeitraum.
How just and just how? A systematic review of social equity in conservation research
Authors: Friedman Rachel S , Law Elizabeth A , Bennett Nathan J , Ives Christopher D , Thorn Jessica P R , Wilson Kerrie A 
Published: April 2018

Abstract

Background: Conservation decisions not only impact wildlife, habitat, and environmental health, but also human wellbeing and social justice. The inclusion of safeguards and equity considerations in the conservation field has increasingly garnered attention in international policy processes and amongst conservation practitioners. Yet, what constitutes an ‘equitable’ solution can take many forms, and how the concept is treated within conservation research is not standardized. This review explores how social equity is conceptualized and assessed in conservation research.

Methods/Design: Using a structured search and screening process, we identified 138 peer-reviewed studies that addressed equity in relation to conservation actions. The authors developed a coding framework to guide the review process, focusing on the current state of, definitions used for, and means of assessing social equity in empirical conservation research.

Review Results: Results show that empirical research on social equity in conservation is rapidly growing, with the majority of studies on the topic published only since 2009. Equity within conservation research is skewed toward distributional concerns and to a lesser extent procedural issues, with recognition and contextual equity receiving little attention. Studies are primarily situated in forested biomes of the Global South. Conservation interventions mostly resulted in mixed or negative impacts on equity.

Synthesis and Discussion: Our results demonstrate the current limitations of research on equity in conservation, and raise challenging questions about the social impacts of conservation and how to ameliorate equity concerns. Framing of equity within conservation research would benefit from greater transparency of study motivation, more explicit definition of how equity is used within the study context, and consideration for how best to assess it. We recommend that the empirical conservation literature more deeply engage with different notions of equity when studying, planning, and implementing actions to address potential trade-offs among equity and conservation objectives and beneficiaries.
Parametric Investigation on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Ultrasonic spot welded Aluminium to Copper sheets
Authors: Satpathy Mantra Prasad , Das Mohapatra Kasinath , Sahoo Ananda Kumar , Sahoo Susanta Kumar 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Ultrasonic welding is one of the promising solid state welding methods which have been widely used to join highly conductive materials like aluminum and copper. Despite these applications in the automotive field, other industries also have a strong interest to adopt this process for joining of various advanced alloys. In some of its applications, poor weld strength and sticking of the workpiece to the tool are issues. Thus, an attempt has been taken in the present study to overcome these issues by performing experiments with a suitable range of weld parameters. The major objectives of this study are to obtain a good joint strength with a reduced sticking phenomenon and microstructure of Al-Cu weld coupons. The results uncovered the mechanical strength of the joint increased up to 0.34 sec of weld time and afterward, it gradually decreased. Meantime, the plastic deformation in the weld zone enhanced the formation of an intermetallic layer of 1.5 μm thick, and it is composed of mainly Al2Cu compound. The temperature evolved during the welding process is also measured by thermocouples to show its relationship with the plastic deformation. The present work exemplifies a finer understanding of the failure behavior of joints and provides an insight of ultrasonic welding towards the improvement in the quality of weld.
RWEN: response-weighted elastic net for prediction of chemosensitivity of cancer cell lines
Authors: Basu Amrita , Mitra Ritwik , Liu Han , Schreiber Stuart L , Clemons Paul A 
Published: April 2018

Abstract

Motivation
In recent years there have been several efforts to generate sensitivity profiles of collections of genomically characterized cell lines to panels of candidate therapeutic compounds. These data provide the basis for the development of in silico models of sensitivity based on cellular, genetic, or expression biomarkers of cancer cells. However, a remaining challenge is an efficient way to identify accurate sets of biomarkers to validate. To address this challenge, we developed methodology using gene-expression profiles of human cancer cell lines to predict the responses of these cell lines to a panel of compounds.

Results
We developed an iterative weighting scheme which, when applied to elastic net, a regularized regression method, significantly improves the overall accuracy of predictions, particularly in the highly sensitive response region. In addition to application of these methods to actual chemical sensitivity data, we investigated the effects of sample size, number of features, model sparsity, signal-to-noise ratio, and feature correlation on predictive performance using a simulation framework, particularly for situations where the number of covariates is much larger than sample size. While our method aims to be useful in therapeutic discovery and understanding of the basic mechanisms of action of drugs and their targets, it is generally applicable in any domain where predictions of extreme responses are of highest importance.

Availability and implementation
The iterative and other weighting algorithms were implemented in R. The code is available at https://github.com/kiwtir/RWEN. The CTRP data are available at ftp://caftpd.nci.nih.gov/pub/OCG-DCC/CTD2/Broad/CTRPv2.1_2016_pub_NatChemBiol_12_109/ and the Sanger data at ftp://ftp.sanger.ac.uk/pub/project/cancerrxgene/releases/release-6.0/.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Do women in Europe live longer and happier lives than men?
Authors: Solé-Auró Aïda , Jasilionis Domantas , Li Peng , Oksuzyan Anna 
Published: April 2018

Abstract

Background
The article examines gender differences in happy life expectancy at age 50 (LE50) and computes the age-specific contributions of mortality and happiness effects to gender differences in happy LE50 in 16 European countries.

Methods
Abridged life tables and happy LE50 were calculated using conventional life tables and Sullivan’s method. Age-specific death rates were calculated from deaths and population exposures in the Human Mortality Database. Happiness prevalence was estimated using the 2010–11 Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe. Happiness was defined using a single question about life satisfaction on a scale of 0–10. A decomposition algorithm was applied to estimate the exact contributions of the differences in mortality and happiness to the overall gender gap in happy LE50.

Results
Gender differences in happy LE50 favour women in all countries except Portugal (0.43 years in Italy and 3.55 years in Slovenia). Generally, the contribution of the gender gap in happiness prevalence is smaller than the one in mortality. The male advantage in the prevalence of happiness partially offsets the effects of the female advantage in mortality on the total gender gap in happy LE50. Gender differences in unhappy life years make up the greatest share of the gender gap in total LE50 in all countries except Denmark, Germany, Netherlands, Slovenia and Sweden.

Conclusion
Countries with the largest gender gap in LE are not necessarily the countries with larger differences in happy LE50. The remaining years of life of women are expected to be spent not only in unhealthy but also in unhappy state.
Bridging the Gap After Physical Therapy: Clinical–Community Linkages With Older Adult Physical Activity Programs
Authors: Fishleder Sarah , Petrescu-Prahova Miruna , Harris Jeffrey R , Steinman Lesley , Kohn Marlana , Bennett Kimberly , Helfrich Christian D 
Published: April 2018

Abstract

Background and Objectives
Many barriers exist to older adult participation in physical activity, despite known benefits. Referrals from physical therapists (PTs) through clinical–community linkages offer novel, promising opportunities to increase older adult engagement in appropriate community-based physical activity programs. We assessed the capacity of PTs to participate in such linkages.

Research Design and Methods
We collected qualitative data using semistructured phone interviews (n = 30) with PTs across 14 states. We conducted thematic analysis using a priori themes based on the 2008 Bridging Model of Etz and colleagues: capacity to assess patient risk, ability to provide brief counseling, capacity and ability to refer, and awareness of community resources.

Results
Risk assessment and counseling were already part of routine practice for our respondents, but counseling could be further facilitated if PTs had more skills to engage less-motivated patients. PTs expressed a desire to refer their patients to community programs; however, barriers to referrals included lack of knowledge of and trust in community programs, and limited infrastructure for communicating with potential partners.

Discussion and Implications
PTs have the capacity to develop patient referral linkages with community-based physical activity programs. PT session length and content facilitates patient risk assessment and behavioral counseling. Integrating motivational techniques can help PTs engage less-motivated patients in physical activity. Systemic improvements should include innovations in communication infrastructure, identifying clinic-level champions, and in-person outreach initiated by organizations that deliver community physical activity programs.
Cosmetics and Cancer: Adverse Event Reports Submitted to the Food and Drug Administration
Authors: Jacob Saya L , Cornell Erika , Kwa Michael , Funk William E , Xu Shuai 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
There have been numerous controversies surrounding cosmetic products and increased cancer risk. Such controversies include associations between parabens and breast cancer, hair dyes and hematologic malignancies, and talc powders and ovarian cancer. Despite the prominent media coverage and numerous scientific investigations, the majority of these associations currently lack conclusive evidence. In 2016, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) made publically available all adverse event reports in Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition’s Adverse Event Reporting System (CAERS), which includes complaints related to cosmetic products. We mined CAERS for cancer-related reports attributed to cosmetics. Between 2004 and 2017, cancer-related reports caused by cosmetics represented 41% of all adverse events related to cosmetics. This yielded 4427 individual reports of cancer related to a cosmetic product. Of these reports, the FDA redacted the specific product names in 95% of cancer-related reports under the Freedom of Information Act exemptions, most likely due to ongoing legal proceedings. For redacted reports, ovarian cancer reports dominated (n = 3992, 90%), followed by mesothelioma (n = 92, 2%) and malignant neoplasm unspecified (n = 46, 1%). For nonredacted reports, or those reports whose product names were not withheld (n = 218), 70% were related to ovarian cancer attributed to talc powders, followed by skin cancer (11%) and breast cancer (5%) attributed to topical moisturizers. Currently, CAERS is of limited utility, with the available data having been subjected to significant reporter bias and a lack of supportive information such as demographic data, medical history, or concomitant product use. Although the system has promise for safeguarding public health, the future utility of the database requires broader reporting participation and more complete reporting, paired with parallel investments in regulatory science and improved molecular methods.
Clinical and Epidemiologic Profiles for Identifying Norovirus in Acute Gastroenteritis Outbreak Investigations
Authors: Lively Joana Y , Johnson Shacara D , Wikswo Mary , Gu Weidong , Leon Juan , Hall Aron J 
Published: April 2018

Abstract

Background
Noroviruses are the leading cause of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) outbreaks in the United States. However, outbreaks attributed to norovirus often lack confirmation by diagnostic testing. Clinical and epidemiologic profiles, such as the Kaplan criteria (vomiting in &gt;50% cases, mean incubation period of 24–48 hours, mean duration of illness for 12–60 hours, and negative bacterial stool culture), have been used to distinguish norovirus outbreaks from those caused by bacteria.

Methods
Kaplan criteria were evaluated among 10 023 outbreaks reported to the National Outbreak Reporting System (NORS) during 2009–2012. An alternate profile for distinguishing norovirus outbreaks from outbreaks caused by nonviral etiologies was identified using classification and regression tree (CART) modeling. Performance of the Kaplan criteria and alternate profile were compared among laboratory-confirmed outbreaks.

Results
The Kaplan criteria were 63.9% sensitive and 100% specific in discriminating norovirus from nonviral outbreaks, but only 3.3% of norovirus and 1.2% of nonviral outbreaks reported all criteria. Clinical and epidemiologic characteristics identified with CART modeling (ratio of proportion of cases with fever to the proportion of cases with vomiting &lt;1, proportion of cases with bloody stool &lt;0.1, proportion of cases with vomiting ≥0.26) were 85.7% sensitive and 92.4% specific for distinguishing norovirus from nonviral outbreaks and were applicable to more than 8 times as many outbreaks compared with the Kaplan criteria.

Conclusions
Compared with the Kaplan criteria, the CART-derived profile had higher sensitivity and broader application in reported AGE outbreaks. Thus, this alternate profile may provide a more useful tool for identifying norovirus during outbreak investigations.
Complementary medicine for axial spondyloarthritis: is there any scientific evidence?
Authors: Danve Abhijeet , Deodhar Atul A. 
Published: April 2018

Purpose of review
Majority of patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) report use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapies before and even after the diagnosis, due to perceived efficacy and wide-spread belief that these modalities lack side effects. In this review, we describe the available scientific evidence for the CAM therapies in axSpA.

Recent findings
Clinical trials of the CAM therapies in axSpA are generally hampered by small sample size, short duration, difficulties in blinding, lack of control groups and strong placebo effect. Nonetheless, exercise programs like Pilates and mind–body techniques such as Tai Chi may have favorable effect on the disease activity and function. Although not yet confirmed, the modulation of the microbiome with the help of probiotics or fecal transplant has face validity given the evolving scientific rationale. Diet has only limited role in the management of axSpA. Deep tissue massage, omega-3 fatty acids and Stanger bath were found to be useful in small studies. CAM therapies are not always entirely well tolerated, particularly the manipulative techniques like chiropractic and Tui-na in patients with advanced disease and osteoporosis. There are no trials of yoga in axSpA despite the wider acceptance and use of yoga as an effective mind–body technique.

Summary
Larger and better quality clinical trials of CAM therapies are needed to confirm their efficacy and safety in the management of axSpA and to include them in the ‘mainstream’ medicine.
Simulation Model for DMEK Donor Preparation
Authors: Mittal Vikas , Mittal Ruchi , Singh Swati , Narang Purvasha , Sridhar Priti 
Published: April 2018

Purpose:
To demonstrate a simulation model for donor preparation in Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK).

Methods:
The inner transparent membrane of the onion (Allium cepa) was used as a simulation model for human Descemet membrane (DM). Surgical video (see Video, Supplemental Digital Content 1, http://links.lww.com/ICO/A663) demonstrating all the steps was recorded.

Results:
This model closely simulates human DM and helps DMEK surgeons learn the nuances of DM donor preparation steps with ease. The technique is repeatable, and the model is cost-effective.

Conclusions:
The described simulation model can assist surgeons and eye bank technicians to learn steps in donor preparation in DMEK.