bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation in college students in the aftermath of COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Kelker Parisha , Singh Sneha , Ali Tahoora , Chaudhury Suprakash , Saldanha Daniel , Patil Jaideep 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
The COVID-19 pandemic was not merely limited to physical health concerns, and after the pandemic, the mental health consequences of the pandemic are still reverberating within our societies, especially in India. The college students in India were left to grapple with unforeseen circumstances, facing abrupt uncertainties with respect to their education and careers. Although their physical health was relatively more robust, their mental health status was left unexplored.

Aim:
To assess depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation in college students in the aftermath of COVID-19 pandemic.

Materials and Methods:
An observational cross-sectional survey was conducted on 323 undergraduate students from June 2021 to August 2021, who were required to fill a survey form which comprised basic sociodemographic details, student’s concerns about COVID-19 and the following scales: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Positive and Negative Suicide Ideation Scale (PANSI) after obtaining written and informed consent from them. The data collected was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.

Results:
The study revealed that 23.52% of the participants suffered from depressive disorders, and 34.98% from anxiety disorders. Although a statistically higher number of males were depressed as compared to females (33.87% versus 17.08%), it was the opposite for anxiety disorders (47.73% females versus 14.51% males). HADS anxiety score was positively correlated with worrying about family members, COVID-19 infection in family members, fear of contracting the infection, presence of psychiatric illness in family, and history of attempted suicide. HADS depression score was positively correlated with worrying about family, COVID-19 infection in family members, a prior consultation with a mental health professional, and history of attempted suicide. Suicidal ideations as predicted by PANSI Positive score was predicted by rural place of residence, number of family members, and presence of psychiatry patient in the family.

Conclusion:
In the following era of the COVID-19 pandemic, anxiety and depression were high amongst college students. Various COVID-19-related and personal correlates for anxiety and depression as well as predictors for suicidal ideations could also be delineated. Institutions need to find out at-risk students and plan active measures for them.
Uremic Stomatitis: A Rare Entity in a Patient with Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Raghunath Mullapillil , Cyril Kumbalaparambil Ambu , George Roshan Mary , Thomas Binoy 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Uremic stomatitis is a rare mucosal disorder reported in untreated chronic renal failure. It may present in different forms such as ulcerative, nonulcerative, hemorrhagic, hyperkeratotic, and pseudomembranous. The tongue and the floor of the mouth are more frequently affected. In this report, we present a case of 59-year-old male patient with chronic kidney disease Stage 5 who presented with multiple thick whitish-gray pseudomembranous plaques on the dorsal surface of the tongue. The patient was treated with intensive hemodialysis, mouthwash, and antimicrobials. The oral lesions improved with the treatment.
Impact of Decentralization on Elder Care Institutions in Kerala, India
Authors: Nesan Deepa , Iype Thomas , Johndas Binod , Sathish Syama , Swarnabai Siji Vincent , Stanley Antony , Karunakaran Vidhukumar 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Kerala has a high percentage of people aged. Urbanization has changed the family value system and contributed to an increasing need for an alternate arrangement to stay outside their homes in their later years. This study analyzes the dynamics of elder care institutions during the last decade from the perspective of the government-driven decentralization process in Kerala, India.

Methods:
This study utilized analytical (document review and secondary data) and empirical (key informant interviews) methods. Purposive sampling was used to select the key informants. Data were collected through the Google Meet platform through face-to-face interviews using open-ended questions. The interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and coded. Then, the similar codes were grouped into categories.

Results:
The four themes that emerged from the study were Kerala government initiatives following decentralization toward elder care institutions, increased demand for old age homes (OAHs) following decentralization, changes in dynamics in the quality of services after decentralization, and changes in thinking after decentralization among the stakeholders but yet to be implemented.

Conclusions:
Decentralization caused the transfer of OAHs from the social justice department to the local government, which enhanced transparency, participation, and accountability. Elders started getting involved in decision-making matters focused on rights rather than welfare-oriented approaches. However, there is a need for more coordinated activities by multiple governmental agencies for the well-being of OAH residents.
Assessing the Profile of Health-related Projects and Its Financial Allocation and Utilization of Funds at Kerala’s Local Self-governing Institutions from 2014 to 2020
Authors: Jose Arun , Stanley Antony , Vasu Bibind , Renu V. P. , Sreeshma K. S. , Mavila Amrita Das , Kodickal George Joseph , Krishnapillai Vijayakumar 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This study evaluates the post-decentralization financial landscape of public health projects within Kerala’s local self-governing institutions (LSGIs). With the use of narrative synthesis from many government sources, the study shows notable trends in budgetary allotments and spending for a range of health-related projects from 2014 to 2020. Nutritional projects claimed the top spot in terms of both budget allocation and utilization, highlighting their prioritization within LSGIs. However, a concerning trend of uneven resource distribution across projects and institutions emerged. Moreover, significant underutilization of allocated funds was observed, indicating a need for a more strategic and targeted approach to funding distribution. To optimize resource utilization and foster improved public health outcomes, the study recommends a two-pronged strategy: firstly, ensuring a more equitable distribution of funds across the spectrum of health projects, and secondly, investigating and addressing the underlying causes of fund underutilization at the LSGIs level. In conclusion, this study sheds light on the promising potential and persistent challenges associated with decentralization in the context of Kerala’s public health initiatives. By paving the way for further research and targeted interventions, the study ultimately aims to optimize resource utilization and create a healthier future for all residents of Kerala.
A Rare Case of Dermatomyositis Sine Dermatitis in an Indian Geriatric Patient
Authors: Pal Saumyarup , Rao Akshata , Rao Abhijith R. , Narsinhbhai Bhabhor Kaminiben , Waris Mujtaba , Sahu Saumya , Chakrawarty Avinash 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Dermatomyositis sine dermatitis (DMSD) is a rare form of dermatomyositis (DM). They present with subacute to chronic symmetrical proximal muscle weakness, with a female preponderance. It is distinguished from classical DM by the absence of typical skin manifestations. We present a rare case of DMSD in a 65-year-old male patient who had an atypical presentation of subacute swelling and proximal muscle weakness of bilateral upper limbs followed by lower limbs, associated with pain, frailty, and dependency for daily activities. The diagnosis of DMSD was based on the typical muscle biopsy findings in the absence of any skin manifestations aided by elevated muscle-related enzymes, and myopathic patterns on electromyography. The screening was negative for muscle-specific antigens, malignancy, and extra muscular involvement. Pulse steroid therapy followed by gradual tapering, methotrexate, and regular physiotherapy significantly improved functionality.
Frailty: A Familiar Challenge or an Unknown Question for Anesthesiologist – Results of an Indian Survey
Authors: Dwivedi Deepak , Guha Debarshi , Sikdar Indranill , Bhan Sonia , Sharma Ridhima , Chawnhhim Abraham Lalchhana 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background:
Frailty is a public health issue, and with increased life expectancy, more elderly patients are coming for surgical interventions. It is a multidimensional condition, characterized by loss of functional reserve which leads to adverse perioperative outcomes. This novel survey in the Indian scenario not only identifies the knowledge and orientation of the Indian anesthesiologists but also their day-to-day practice of frailty assessment.

Methods:
This 22-question survey was distributed to mostly Indian anesthesiologists practicing in various cities through electronic media. The first section included the electronic addresses and the informed consent. The second section contains the academic background and demography of the respondents. The third section includes their awareness about frailty and how they perceive it as a clinical entity. The last section focuses on the actual practice of frailty assessment by the participants.

Results:
We received 306 responses, among them 295 doctors practice anesthesia. Ninety-four percent of respondents agreed that the concept of frailty should be known to all anesthesiologists, 89% of the responses concurred that frailty affects postoperative outcomes. Only 54% respondents were properly trained in this topic during their training days and 45% of all were only confident to diagnose frailty in the preanesthetic check (PAC) clinic. Thirty seven percent of respondents lacked basic knowledge about different frailty tools. Forty-three percent of respondents revealed that they do not report the presence of frailty in patient files during PAC. Only 10% of the respondents have ever used any point-of-care ultrasound for frailty assessment. In 73% of cases, there was no geriatric team available in the hospitals, and 71% said that there is no well-implemented preoperative approach in their hospital for elderly frail patients for elective surgery.

Conclusions:
Despite the awareness of the importance of frailty in preoperative assessment, there is a huge void in the identification and assessment of frail patients in hospitals. There is an absolute need for a uniform and standardized national guideline.
A Prospective Observational Study of Incidence, Associated Factors, and Impact of Spontaneous Intracranial Hematoma Expansion Admitted at a Teaching Hospital of North Western India
Authors: Chaudhary Rajesh , Kumawat Rohit , Kumar Kamlesh , Jakhar Punam 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background:
Intra cranial hematoma (ICH) can be a life-threatening condition in many cases. The outcome depends on various factors, one such being spontaneous ICH expansion. Timely identification of ICH expansion can help us prognosticate the patient and provide individualized care. The present study aimed to determine the incidence of ICH expansion and determine the clinical and radiological variables predicting expansion; along with the prognosis of these patients.

Materials and Methods:
This prospective and observational study included 94 ICH patients, who presented within 24 h of symptom onset. ICH volume was measured using ABC/2 method, and repeat computed tomography was done within 72 h or when clinically indicated. Clinical and radiological parameters were noted and looked for the prognosis of patient after expansion in the form of average hospital stay, ICH score, and modified Rankin Scale (mRS).

Results:
Out of 94 patients, 14 (15%) patients showed expansion (10 males [71%], 4 females [29%]). In clinical profile, headache (P = 0.04) and hemiparesis (P < 0.001), and radiologically marginal irregularity (P < 0.001), hypodensities (P < 0.001), ovoid shape (P = 0.004), and circular shape (P = 0.04) showed significant results. While initial volume (P = 0.16), systolic blood pressure (P = 0.28), fluid level (P = 0.15), cerebral edema (P = 0.18), and Intra ventricular extension (IV) (P = 0.98) were more in expander group but did not reach to statistically significant level. Prognosis worsened with prolonged stay (P = 0.05) and deterioration of ICH score (P = 0.02) as well as mRS.

Conclusions:
Certain clinical (early presentation and hemiparesis) and radiological (hypodensity within hematoma, marginal irregularity, and ellipsoid shapes) parameters are significantly associated with hematoma expansion. Insight into these predictors can improve the prognosis of hematoma expansion in patients with spontaneous ICH.
Geriatric Research – Indian Perspective
Authors: Saini Mamta , Gambhir Indrajeet Singh 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
With the rapidly growing older population in India, age-related diseases, disabilities, and socioeconomic issues are also increasing. Providing quality of life to this ever-increasing older population is impossible by any agency or government in the present setup. Geriatric research is a need of the hour in India to provide health care, prevention of disease, and better management of disabilities and maintain the autonomy of our older population.
Food Security and Household Influencing Factors in Dire Dawa and Harar, Eastern Ethiopia, 2021
Authors: Asfaw Tariku Derese , Belay Yalelet , Fentie Dilnesa 
Published: November 2024

Background:
Many households in urban areas suffer from severe food insecurity, and the current economic recession, pandemic, and conflict in the region have disproportionately aggravated the problems. Even if it is a social and public health challenge, the problems have been overlooked in the planning area. Measuring food security status in an urban setting is crucial to developing a sustainable and effective intervention. This study is designed to assess food security and household influencing factors in the eastern part of urban areas in Ethiopia.

Materials and Methods:
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted to assess 616 households. Of the total of 616 samples, 405 were from Dire Dawa and 211 were from Harar, using simple random sampling. Validated questionnaires from previous studies were accustomed to collecting information. Three kebeles from Dire Dawa and three kebeles from Harar were selected using lottery methods. The data were collected by health extension workers. The information was entered into Epi-data version 3.02 and exported to SPSS version 21. To identify significant factors influencing household food insecurity, binary regression analysis was performed, and a P < 0.05 at a 95% confidence interval (CI) was considered statistically significant. Model fitness was checked using the Hosmer-Lemeshow test with a P > 0.05.

Results:
The prevalence of household food insecurity among urban residences in Dire Dawa and Harar was 41.7% [95% CI: 37.4–45.6]. The following factors were identified as influencing factors: household head sex (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.75, 95% CI: 1.08–2.84), household head education status (primary level) (AOR = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.33–0.99), household mother occupation (private business workers) (AOR = 0.3, 95% CI: 0.19–0.57), households with the medium wealth index (AOR = 1.72, 95% CI: 1.06–2.78) and households with the poorest wealth index (AOR = 4.01, 95% CI: 2.35–6.86).

Conclusions:
In this study, mild and moderate household food insecurity is increasing alarmingly. However, the prevalence of household food insecurity is low compared to the other findings. It is essential to design and implement appropriate small-scale household income generation systems for urban areas to tackle the food insecurity problem in the eastern parts of urban areas in Ethiopia.
Visual Communication Bridging Intercultural Barriers: Collaborative Methods Supporting the Social Inclusion of Young Refugees
Authors: Jekli Ágnes 
Published: November 2024

This paper explores the possibilities of graphic languages in an intercultural context while analysing the potential of creative methods when working with refugee youth. The practice-based aspect of this research is undertaken with Open Doors Hungary, a community-based design project that creates a programme for unaccompanied refugee minors. The aim of Open Doors is to help young refugees integrate into Hungarian society and develop means of communication and quality relations with the host society.
Refugee youth arriving in Hungary face serious problems: the loss of home and community, the traumas suffered during the journey, the cultural differences, and the lack of a common language make their social integration extremely challenging. These challenges are exacerbated by xenophobia and stereotypical opinions about foreigners. Social inclusion requires frequent contact with the local society, and refugee youth need new tools (cultural knowledge, language skills, intercultural skills) to overcome their disadvantages.
Since 2013, the author has been working with refugee youth using participatory design tools such as regular creative sessions, workshops, and eight camps based on the integrating role of creativity and art. During these sessions, young refugees and their Hungarian and European peers learned about different visual communication tools and created common messages in the form of videos, animations, photos, posters, booklets, and murals. Through these activities, refugee youth become part of the design process, and the final result is based on their choices.
In the theoretical research and field experiences, this paper states that design thinking and the creative process allow interactive cultural exchange, value sharing, safe and open discussions, and community building. As a global language, visual communication can be a tool for intercultural communication, storytelling, and self-expression. The opportunity for refugee youth and their Hungarian peers to work in intercultural teams develops new competencies and creates shared ownership and community.
Effect of nutrition on the nutritional status in preterm infants with very low birth weight
Authors: Pinaeva-Slysh Evgeniya L. , Skvortsova Vera A. , Borovik Tatyana E. , Basargina Milana A. , Zimina Elena P. , Petrova Anastasiya S. , Malyutina Lyudmila V. , Lukoyanova Olga L. , Illarionova Maria S. 
Published: November 2024

Introduction. Postnatal growth retardation in premature infants with very low birth weight (VLBW) remains an unresolved problem. There are different approaches regarding the duration of use of breast milk fortifiers during breastfeeding and specialized formulas during formula feeding, as well as the timing of the appointment of complementary feeding.
Objective: to evaluate the physical development and component body composition in VLBW infants, depending on nutritional support over the first year of life.
Materials and methods. The study included ninety three VLBW premature infants of 2 to 11 months postnatal age (PNA). The main (1st) group included infants (n = 74) who received dietary correction depending on the nutritional status, while no such intervention was performed in the (2nd) comparison group (n = 19). Up to 64 weeks of postconceptional age (PCA), weight, body length, and head circumference were assessed using INTERGROWTH-21st international growth standards, then in the software “WHO Anthro (2009)”. Fat and fat-free (lean) mass were determined using the air plethysmography method (PEA POD, LMi, USA).
Results. The analysis of the nutritional status revealed a moderate deviation, not exceeding 1 sigma, decrease in indices (Z-scores) of anthropometric indices in infants of the 1st and 2nd groups by PNA of 2–3 months. Further in infants of the 1st group on the background of prolonged use of fortified nutrition (breast milk fortifier or specialized formulas for preterm infants) and timely introduction of complementary foods, nutritional deficiencies throughout the first year of life in general were not revealed. In the 2nd group of infants without additional correction of nutrition by 4–5 months of age, the development of mild nutritional deficiency was noted by 6–7 months of age. By 6–7 months of age, it turned into moderate nutritional deficiency, which persisted until 8–9 months of age and then turned into mild nutritional deficiency. Analysis of the component body composition showed that during the observation period, the fat-free body mass (FFM) gain in infants in the 1st group was 3.40 kg, in Group 2 infants — 2.2 kg. At the same time, % body fat mass (FM) in infants in groups 1 and 2 had no significant differences (%FM 1 = 19.3 [15.3–22.5], %FM 2 = 19.9 [16.7–24.6], p = 0.769) and did not exceed the values characteristic of preterm infants.
Conclusion. A comprehensive assessment of the nutritional status of VLBW infants during the first year of life allowed us to eva­luate the positive impact of long-term use of fortified diets and timely introduction of certain complementary foods. Optimization of nutrition made it possible to prevent the development of nutritional deficiency, which can have a significant positive impact on their further growth, development, and health status.
Авторский курс литургики экстраординарного профессора СПбДА И. А. Карабинова: особенности изложения материала и подходы к преподаванию дисциплины
Authors: З. М. Дашевская 
Published: November 2024

Данная статья посвящена исследованию курса литургики, который И. А. Карабинов преподавал в СПбДА на протяжении более 10 лет. В статье рассматривается структура и содержание курса, научный аппарат, а также основные гипотезы и выводы, сделанные русским литургистом в рамках преподаваемой им дисциплины. Авторский курс И. А. Карабинова развивает подход к преподаванию литургики в СПбДА как исторической дисциплины, заложенный А. Л. Катанским и Н. В. Покровским, но также является самостоятельным исследовательским вкладом в развитие историко-литургической науки в России. Наряду с курсами А. А. Дмитриевского, прочитанными в КДА и КазДА и на Высших богословских курсах в Петрограде, курс И. А. Карабинова свидетельствует о личных исследовательских приоритетах ученого и о потенциале развивающейся в России дисциплины — литургики.
The article deals with the study of the Liturgics course taught by I. A. Karabinov at St. Petersburg Theological Academy for more than 10 years. Discussed are the structure and content of the course, its scientific apparatus, as well as the main hypotheses and conclusions made by the Russian liturgist with regard to the discipline he taught. I. A. Karabinov’s course elaborates the approach to teaching liturgics at St. Petersburg Theological Academy as a historical discipline that was initiated by A. L. Katansky and N. V. Pokrovsky, but it is also an independent research contribution to the development of historical and liturgical science in Russia. Along with A. A. Dmitrievsky’s courses at Kyev Theological Academy, Kazan Theological Academy and the Higher Theological Courses in Petrograd, I. A. Karabinov’s course testifies to the personal research priorities of the scholar and to the potential of the discipline developing in Russia — liturgics.