bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A qualitative evaluation of a Young Parents Program (YPP) – Parent and facilitator perspectives
Authors: Strange Cecily , Bennett Elaine , Tait Maggie , Hauck Yvonne 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIssue addressedYoung parents (<25 years) have lower engagement with health and community services and are more likely to experience negative outcomes in the perinatal period compared to older parents. The aim of this study was to evaluate the short to medium‐term outcomes of the Young Parents Program (YPP), specifically designed to engage and support young parents, using responsive and codesign strategies in a community setting.MethodsA qualitative case study used data from interviews with participating parents (n = 20) and a focus group with YPP facilitators (n = 5).ResultsThe findings report on the following short to medium‐term YPP outcomes for parents and children. Young parents: are engaged in early parenting services that are welcoming, nonjudgemental and holistic; build parenting skills, knowledge, confidence and are tuned into their infants’ needs; are empowered to codesign program activities to meet their parenting and nonparenting needs; have developed friendships and a social support network in their local community; and, are linked into community services and resources. Their children are cared for and stimulated with age‐appropriate interactions and play.ConclusionFlexible, responsive and codesigned programs for young parents are effective means of connecting parents to services, social support networks and can provide learning opportunities, which enhance both child and parent attachment and development.So what?Qualitative evaluation provides an understanding of contextual factors – required to inform effective design and delivery of young parent community programs.
Subchronic intravenous toxicity study of biofunctional ZnO and its application as a fluorescence probe for cell‐specific targeting
Authors: Nakamura Morihiko , Watanabe Natsuko 
Published: December 2018

AbstractSuccessful development of safe and highly effective nanoprobes for targeted imaging of in vivo early cancer is a great challenge. Herein, we choose the visible‐light emitting zinc oxide non–core/shell type nanoparticle (NP) fluorophores (ZHIE) as prototypical materials. We have reported on these materials previously. The results showed that the ZHIE NPs exhibited good water solubility and good biocompatibility. This study was conducted to investigate the toxicity of ZHIE NPs when intravenously administered to mice repeatedly at the dose required for successful tumor imaging in vivo. Anti‐macrophage‐1 antigen (Mac1), a macrophage differentiation antigen, antibody‐conjugated ZHIE NPs successfully realized targeted imaging of murine macrophage cell line Raw264.7 cells. In conclusion, ZHIE NPs are not toxic in vivo and antibody‐conjugated ZHIE NPs have great potential in applications, such as single cell labeling.
A portal to healing: Treating military families and veterans through telehealth
Authors: Price Laura E. , Noulas Paraskevi , Wen Irina , Spray Amanda 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThis paper explores the triumphs and challenges of providing free, integrative treatment to veterans and military families through secure video connections into their homes. Two case studies of telemental health treatment conducted through the Greater NYC Military Family Consortium in conjunction with the Steven A. Cohen Military Family Center at NYU Langone Health in New York City illustrate the complexities and opportunities that emerge in the course of treatment, most of which was conducted remotely. The access to people’s lives through a portal adds new wrinkles to evidence‐based practice in military settings while underscoring the overall need to broaden a network of care in partnership with Veterans Affairs hospital (VAs), Vet Centers, and community providers to reach those who might otherwise not seek help.
Acceptance and treatment effects of an internet‐delivered cognitive‐behavioral intervention for family caregivers of people with dementia: A randomized‐controlled trial
Authors: Meichsner Franziska , Theurer Christina , Wilz Gabriele 
Published: December 2018

AbstractObjectivesThe study evaluated the efficacy of an internet‐delivered cognitive‐behavioral intervention for caregivers of people with dementia and examined acceptance of program characteristics.MethodThirty‐nine caregivers (M
age = 62.11 ± 9.67, 78.4% female) were enrolled in a 2 × 3 randomized‐controlled trial (RCT) that compared an intervention and wait‐list control group. A cognitive‐behavioral intervention program was adapted for delivery via an internet platform. Participants exchanged eight weekly messages with a therapist.ResultsTreatment satisfaction and acceptance of the program were high. Well‐being increased over the intervention duration and intervention group participants were better able to cope with the anticipated death of the care recipient and utilized more psychosocial resources after the intervention ended. Effects were not maintained until follow‐up and there were no treatment effects for depression and burden of care.ConclusionsInternet‐delivered cognitive‐behavioral interventions are suitable for caregivers. A larger RCT needs to investigate possible combinations of classic and internet‐delivered programs and confirm efficacy.
Cross‐sectional area of the median nerve at the wrist: Comparison of sonographic, MRI, and cadaveric measurements
Authors: Lee Ryan K. L. , Griffith James F. , Ng Alex W. H. , Tipoe George L. , Chan Anthony W. H. , Wong Clara W. Y. , Tse Wing Lim , Ho Pak Cheong 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundThis study compares median nerve cross‐sectional area (CSA) measurements at the wrist obtained with ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using cadaveric measurements as the gold standard.MethodsMedian nerve CSA was measured using US and MRI in 9 cadaveric wrists obtained from 5 subjects at 5 locations: distal forearm, proximal to tunnel inlet, at tunnel inlet, at tunnel outlet, and distal to tunnel outlet and then on identical cadaveric transverse sections obtained with a bandsaw. All US, MRI, and cadaveric measurements were repeated to determine reliability. Median nerves of 10 patients with clinical carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) were measured with US and MRI using an identical method US.ResultsMedian nerve CSA MRI measurements correlated better (Pearson correlation: 0.80‐0.95, P < .05) with cadaveric measurements than with US measurements (Pearson correlation: 0.61‐0.79, P < .05). Median nerve CSA US measurements (8.6‐12.5 mm2, P < .05) were smaller at all levels than MRI (11.3‐14.7 mm2) or cadaveric (11.0‐14.9 mm2) measurements while MRI and cadaver measurements were similar at all levels. Median nerve CSA MRI measurements in CTS patients were larger than US measurements at all levels.ConclusionMedian nerve CSA measurements by MRI are larger than US measurements and correlated better with cadaveric measurements. Median nerve CSA criteria used for diagnosing CTS on US are not likely to be applicable to MRI.
Finite element simulation based‐on atomic force microscopy and nanoindentation for spruce wood microstructure analysis
Authors: Torres‐Torres David , Torres Jesús A. , García‐García Alejandra 
Published: December 2018

AbstractSpruce wood (picea abis) has been widely used as structural element, from buildings to musical instruments, due to its outstanding mechanical performances. The main stem transverse section exhibits growth rings formed by periodic fringes patterns, which are constituted by lamellae‐tracheid arrangements. In order to improve the understanding of each wood microstructure role, the morphology and crystallinity of earlywood and latewood fibers were examined mainly using scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and X‐ray difracction. Moreover, measurements of effective elastic modulus and hardness were obtained by nanoindentation tests using a Berkovich indenter in order to confirmed increase in compactness of the wood microstructures. The results indicate that variations in mechanical properties values can be associated with well defined microstructural performances for each characteristic fiber type, where those that belong to latewood fiber showed the most improved behaviors. A finite element simulation of a lamellar‐tracheids arrangement was carried out in order to clarify its stiffness and elastic deformation capabilities, as relevant factors contributing to the successful adaptation of picea abis colonies to harsh conditions habitats as well as for its construction applications of string instruments.
Genetic counseling considerations with rapid genome‐wide sequencing in a neonatal intensive care unit
Authors: Smith Emma E. , du Souich Christèle , Dragojlovic Nick ,   CAUSES Study,   RAPIDOMICS Study, Elliott Alison M. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAs genome‐wide sequencing (GWS; exome sequencing [ES] and whole genome sequencing [WGS]) is implemented more frequently in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), it is important to understand parents’ opinions regarding GWS, and views toward incidental findings (IFs) (also known as secondary findings). RAPIDOMICS was a pilot study of rapid trio‐based (biological parents and neonate) ES for 25 neonates with a suspected genetic condition at the BC Women's Hospital NICU. As part of RAPIDOMICS, we explored parents' motivations and concerns regarding ES of their child, uptake of IFs for themselves, and rates of anxiety and depression at the time of pre‐test genetic counseling via administration of the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Assessment 7 and Patient Health Questionnaire 8. These findings were compared to those from the Clinical Assessment of the Utility of Sequencing and Evaluation as a Service (CAUSES) study (outpatient trio‐based GWS) that includes pediatric patients with suspected genetic disease (with an average age of 10 years). Parents in RAPIDOMICS were more likely to identify “diagnosis” as their primary motivation to pursue GWS (p = 0.011), less likely to identify “no concerns” (p = 0.003), and less likely to opt in to receive IFs (p = 0.003) than parents in CAUSES. Rates of depression and anxiety in both groups were higher relative to the general population. We present novel findings regarding the similarities and differences in parental opinions and decisions of these cohorts.
Association between non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease evaluated by transient elastography with extracranial carotid atherosclerosis in a multiethnic Asian community
Authors: Tan Eugene Choon‐Li , Tai Mei‐Ling Sharon , Chan Wah‐Kheong , Mahadeva Sanjiv 
Published: December 2018

Background and AimThere is not much data on the association between non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and advanced fibrosis assessed using Fibroscan with carotid intima‐media thickness (CIMT) in the general population. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between NAFLD and advanced fibrosis, as diagnosed by Fibroscan, with an increased CIMT in the Malaysian population.MethodsA cross‐sectional study of government officers and their family members attending a health screening at a public healthcare facility was conducted. All subjects underwent clinical evaluation, biochemical testing, anthropometry, ultrasound carotid Doppler, and Fibroscan examination.ResultsData for 251 subjects were analyzed (mean age 47.1 ± 12.4 years, 74.1% male). Prevalence of NAFLD and advanced fibrosis were 57.4 and 17.5%, respectively. Independent factors associated with NAFLD were waist circumference (odds ratio [OR] = 1.077, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.038–1.118, P < 0.001) and serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (OR = 1.039, 95% CI 1.005–1.074, P = 0.024). Independent factors associated with advanced fibrosis were male gender (OR = 4.847, 95% CI 1.369–17.155, P = 0.014) and serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (OR = 1.057, 95% CI 1.003–1.113, P = 0.036). Prevalence of increased CIMT was 29.0%. Independent factor associated with increased CIMT was older age (OR = 1.146, 95% CI 1.067–1.231, P < 0.001). Of the subjects, 34.5% with NAFLD had increased CIMT compared to 19.1% of the subjects without NAFLD (P = 0.063). Advanced fibrosis was not associated with increased CIMT.ConclusionsPrevalence of NAFLD, advanced liver fibrosis, and increased CIMT were high. NAFLD and advanced liver fibrosis appeared not to be associated with increased CIMT. However, a larger sample size is needed to demonstrate whether there is any association.
High‐throughput polymer tip‐electrospray ionization mass spectrometry for enhanced detection of neopterin and biopterin in clinical urine samples
Authors: Yang Xiao , Huang Huang , Lu Qing , Chen Shao‐hong , Wang Feng , Huang Ou‐ping , Hu Bin , Yang Bi‐cheng 
Published: December 2018

AbstractUrinary biopterin (Bio) and neopterin (Neo) are important markers for clinical diagnosis of hyperphenylalaninemia. Herein, we developed a high‐throughput analysis method based on electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI‐MS) with polymer tips for the rapid quantitative detection of Bio and Neo in clinical urine samples. Different polymer tips were investigated. It is found that the best detection sensitivity was achieved with hydrophobic polymer tip, ie, polyethylene tips. The high‐throughput polymer tip‐ESI‐MS method allowed a rapid analysis speed at ~40 seconds per sample. The limits of quantification (LOQ) (S/N ≥ 10) for the detection of Bio and Neo were improved to be 5.0 ng/mL. Acceptable relative standard deviation (RSD) values for Neo and Bio were measured to be 12.2% and 13.4% for direct measurement of Bio and Neo in raw urine samples, respectively. Furthermore, Bio and Neo were directly quantified from 18 clinical urine samples by presented method. The ratios of urinary Bio‐to‐Neo were analyzed for diagnosis of hyperphenylalaninemia. The results demonstrated that the present polymer tip‐ESI‐MS method is a promising strategy for the rapid analysis of clinical samples.
Contrast‐Enhanced Ultrasound Imaging of Breast Masses: Adjunct Tool to Decrease the Number of False‐Positive Biopsy Results
Authors: Lee Sandy C. , Tchelepi Hisham , Grant Edward , Desai Bhushan , Luo Chunqiao , Groshen Susan , Hovanessian‐Larsen Linda 
Published: December 2018

ObjectivesThis pilot study evaluated use of contrast‐enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) to reduce the number of benign breast masses recommended for biopsy.MethodsThis prospective study included 131 consenting women, from October 2016 to June 2017, with American College of Radiology Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System category 4a, 4b, and 4c masses detected by mammography, conventional ultrasound (US), or both. Contrast‐enhanced US examinations (using intravenous injection of perflutren lipid microspheres or sulfur hexafluoride lipid‐type A microspheres) were performed before biopsy. Qualitative and quantitative CEUS parameters were compared with reference standard histopathologic results from biopsy of 131 masses.ResultsThere were 109 benign, 6 high‐risk, and 16 malignant masses, with a median size of 12 mm (range, 4 to 48 mm) on conventional US imaging. Of 131 masses, 93 (71%) enhanced on CEUS imaging, including 73 of 109 (67%) benign, 6 of 6 (100%) high‐risk, and 14 of 16 (87.5%) malignant. Thirty‐eight lesions did not enhance, including 36 of 109 (33%) benign and 2 of 16 (12.5%) malignant. Prediction models using recursive petitioning revealed that CEUS may reduce 31% (95% confidence interval, 23%, 40%) of benign biopsies for masses that are: nonenhancing with circumscribed margins or enhancing with an oval shape and homogeneous enhancement. Quantitative parameters indicated that benign masses had the longest time to peak (P = .078), highest time‐to‐peak ratio of mass to background (P = .036), lowest peak intensity (P = .021), and smallest difference in peak intensity between the mass and background (P = .079) compared to high‐risk and malignant lesions.ConclusionsContrast‐enhanced US may be a valuable modality that can be used to predict benign pathologic results of breast masses, thereby reducing the number of biopsies.
Alterations in macrophage polarization in injured murine vocal folds
Authors: Kaba Shinji , Nakamura Ryosuke , Yamashita Masaru , Katsuno Tatsuya , Suzuki Ryo , Tateya Ichiro , Kishimoto Yo , Omori Koichi 
Published: December 2018

ObjectivesMacrophages are prominent inflammatory cells in wounds, and their phenotypes are altered during wound healing. They are reported to contribute to not only inflammatory responses but also tissue remodeling. However, few studies in vocal fold biology have focused on the function of macrophages. The purpose of this study was to investigate macrophage polarization and distribution in injured murine vocal folds.Study DesignAnimal experiments with controls.MethodUnilateral vocal fold stripping was performed on C57BL/6 mice, and larynges were harvested 1, 3, 5, 7, and 14 days postinjury. Immunohistochemical analysis of the vocal fold lamina propria was performed to detect the expression of classically activated (M1) and alternatively activated (M2) macrophage markers (inducible nitric oxide synthase [iNOS] and CD206, respectively) in F4/80+ macrophages.ResultsThe proportion of F4/80+iNOS+ cells out of all F4/80+ cells tended to increase from day 1. F4/80+iNOS+ cell percentage tended to be high at days 1 through 7 and declined to close to a normal level by day 14. F4/80+CD206+ cell percentage tended to decrease at day 1 and then to increase the rest of the time. In the normal vocal fold, the majority of F4/80+ macrophages were only positive for CD206. F4/80+iNOS+CD206+ cells were observed at days 1 through 7.ConclusionThe main population of injured sites gradually shifted from M1 to M2 marker‐positive macrophages in murine vocal folds. However, coexistence of M1 and M2 markers in the same macrophages was observed. Our results suggest that macrophage phenotypes are regulated by complex tissue‐derived signals and exhibit dynamic changes during wound healing.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 129:E135–E142, 2019
Multiple bioabsorbable corticosteroid‐eluting stent placement with associated skull base injury
Authors: Tang Dennis M. , Roxbury Christopher R. , Sindwani Raj , Kshettry Varun R. , Recinos Pablos , Woodard Troy D. 
Published: December 2018

Bioabsorbable corticosteroid‐eluting sinus stents (BCES) are used to optimize healing after sinus surgery. We report a patient with BCES placed through a dural defect. A 70 year old underwent sinus surgery. Postoperatively, the patient developed mental status changes. The patient was taken to the operating room and eight BCES were identified, with one extending through the skull base. The stents were extracted and the defect was repaired. The patient recovered well. This is the first significant complication associated with BCES. Thorough review of preoperative imaging, understanding of skull base anatomy, and careful use of BCES are critical for safety.Level of EvidenceNALaryngoscope, 129:1494–1496, 2019
Zooglider: An autonomous vehicle for optical and acoustic sensing of zooplankton
Authors: Ohman Mark D. , Davis Russ E. , Sherman Jeffrey T. , Grindley Kyle R. , Whitmore Benjamin M. , Nickels Catherine F. , Ellen Jeffrey S. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractWe present the design and preliminary results from ocean deployments of Zooglider, a new autonomous zooplankton‐sensing glider. Zooglider is a modified Spray glider that includes a low‐power camera (Zoocam) with telecentric lens and a custom dual frequency Zonar (200 and 1000 kHz). The Zoocam quantifies zooplankton and marine snow as they flow through a defined volume inside a sampling tunnel. Images are acquired on average every 5 cm from a maximum operating depth of ~ 400 m to the sea surface. Biofouling is mitigated using a dual approach: an ultraviolet light‐emitting diode and a mechanical wiper. The Zonar permits differentiation of large and small acoustic backscatterers in larger volumes than can be sampled optically. Other sensors include a pumped conductivity, temperature, and depth unit and chlorophyll a fluorometer. Zooglider enables fully autonomous in situ measurements of mesozooplankton distributions, together with the three‐dimensional orientation of organisms and marine snow in relation to other biotic and physical properties of the ocean water column. It is well suited to resolve thin layers and microscale ocean patchiness. Battery capacity supports 50 d of operations. Zooglider includes two‐way communications via Iridium, permitting near‐real–time transmission of data from each dive profile, as well as interactive instrument control from remote locations for adaptive sampling.
The use of clade‐specific PCR assays to identify novel nitrilase genes from environmental isolates
Authors: Dooley‐Cullinane Tríona‐Marie , O'Reilly Catherine , Aslam Bilal , Weiner David P. , O'Neill David , Owens Erica , O'Meara Denise , Coffey Lee 
Published: December 2018

AbstractNitrilase enzymes (EC 3.5.5.1) are responsible for the direct hydration of nitriles to their corresponding carboxylic acids and ammonia. The utilization of nitrilase enzymes in biocatalysis toward bio‐pharmaceuticals and industrial applications facilitates the move towards green chemistry. The body of research presented describes a novel clade‐specific touchdown PCR protocol for the detection of novel nitrilase genes. The presented study identified partial sequences of 15 novel nitrilase genes across 7 genera, with partial DNA sequence homology (%) displayed across an additional 16 genera. This research will prove valuable in the screening of microorganisms for the identification of novel clade‐specific nitrilase genes, with predicted enantioselective profiles as determined by their clade characterizations.
Association of brain heptachlor epoxide and other organochlorine compounds with lewy pathology
Authors: Ross G. Webster , Abbott Robert D. , Petrovitch Helen , Duda John E. , Tanner Caroline M. , Zarow Chris , Uyehara‐Lock Jane H. , Masaki Kamal H. , Launer Lenore J. , Studabaker William B. , White Lon R. 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACTBackgroundOrganochlorine pesticides are associated with an increased risk of Parkinson's disease. A preliminary analysis from the Honolulu‐Asia Aging Study suggested that heptachlor epoxide, a metabolite from an organochlorine pesticide extensively used in Hawaii, may be especially important. This was a cross sectional analysis to evaluate the association of heptachlor epoxide and other organochlorine compounds with Lewy pathology in an expanded survey of brain organochlorine residues from the longitudinal Honolulu‐Asia Aging Study.MethodsOrganochlorines were measured in frozen occipital or temporal lobes in 705 brains using gas chromatography with mass spectrometry. Lewy pathology was identified using hematoxylin and eosin‐ and α‐synuclein immunochemistry‐stained sections from multiple brain regions.ResultsThe prevalence of Lewy pathology was nearly doubled in the presence versus the absence of heptachlor epoxide (30.1% versus 16.3%, P < 0.001). Although associations with other compounds were weaker, hexachlorobenzene (P = 0.003) and α‐chlordane (P = 0.007) were also related to Lewy pathology. Most of the latter associations, however, were a result of confounding from heptachlor epoxide. Neither compound was significantly related to Lewy pathology after adjustment for heptachlor epoxide. In contrast, the association of heptachlor epoxide with Lewy pathology remained significant after adjustments for hexachlorobenzene (P = 0.013) or α‐chlordane (P = 0.005). Findings were unchanged after removal of cases of PD and adjustment for age and other characteristics.ConclusionsOrganochlorine pesticides are associated with the presence of Lewy pathology in the brain, even after exclusion of PD cases. Although most of the association is through heptachlor epoxide, the role of other organochlorine compounds is in need of clarification. © 2018 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society