bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dark state, zero-index and topology in phononic metamaterials with negative mass and negative coupling
Authors: Zhang Danmei , Ren Jie , Zhou Tianxiong , Li Baowen 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Phononic metamaterials have attracted extensive attention since they are flexibly adjustable to control the transmission. Here we study a one-dimensional phononic metamaterial with negative mass and negative coupling, made of resonant oscillators and chiral couplings. At the frequency where the effective mass and coupling are both infinite, a flat band emerges that induces a sharply high density of states, reminiscent of the phononic dark states. At the critical point of band degeneracy, a phononic Dirac-like point emerges where both the effective mass and the inverse of effective coupling are simultaneously zero, so that zero-index is realized for phonons. Moreover, the phononic topological phase transition is observed when the phononic band gap switches between single mass-negative and single coupling-negative regimes. When these two distinct single negative phononic metamaterials are connected to each other, a phononic topological interface state is identified within the gap, manifested as the phononic counterpart of the topological Jackiw–Rebbi solution.
Two-dimensional quantum droplets in dipolar Bose gases
Authors: Boudjemâa Abdelâali 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
We calculate analytically the quantum and thermal fluctuations corrections of a dilute quasi-two-dimensional Bose-condensed dipolar gas. We show that these fluctuations may change their character from repulsion to attraction in the density-temperature plane owing to the striking momentum dependence of the dipole–dipole interactions. The dipolar instability is halted by such unconventional beyond mean field corrections leading to the formation of a droplet phase. The equilibrium features and coherence properties exhibited by such droplets are deeply discussed. At finite temperature, we find that the equilibrium density crucially depends on the temperature and on the confinement strength and thus, a stable droplet can exist only at ultralow temperature due to the strong thermal fluctuations.
Ultrafast dynamics in the vicinity of quantum light-induced conical intersections
Authors: Csehi András , Kowalewski Markus , Halász Gábor J , Vibók Ágnes 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Nonadiabatic effects appear due to avoided crossings or conical intersections (CIs) that are either intrinsic properties in field-free space or induced by a classical laser field in a molecule. It was demonstrated that avoided crossings in diatomics can also be created in an optical cavity. Here, the quantized radiation field mixes the nuclear and electronic degrees of freedom creating hybrid field-matter states called polaritons. In the present theoretical study we go further and create CIs in diatomics by means of a radiation field in the framework of cavity quantum electrodynamics. By treating all degrees of freedom, that is the rotational, vibrational, electronic and photonic degrees of freedom on an equal footing we can control the nonadiabatic quantum light-induced dynamics by means of CIs. First, the pronounced difference between the the quantum light-induced avoided crossing and the CI with respect to the nonadiabatic dynamics of the molecule is demonstrated. Second, we discuss the similarities and differences between the classical and the quantum field description of the light for the studied scenario.
Lithographically defined synthesis of transition metal dichalcogenides
Authors: Kemelbay Aidar , Kuntubek Aldiyar , Chang Nicholas , Chen Christopher T , Kastl Christoph , Inglezakis Vassilis J , Tikhonov Alexander , Schwartzberg Adam M , Aloni Shaul , Kuykendall Tevye R 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) promise to revolutionize optoelectronic applications. While monolayer exfoliation and vapor phase growth produce extremely high quality 2D materials, direct fabrication at wafer scale remains a significant challenge. Here, we present a method that we call ‘lateral conversion’, which enables the synthesis of patterned TMD structures, with control over the thickness down to a few layers, at lithographically predefined locations. In this method, chemical conversion of a metal-oxide film to TMD layers proceeds by diffusion of precursor propagating laterally between silica layers, resulting in structures where delicate chalcogenide films are protected from contamination or oxidation. Lithographically patterned WS2 structures were synthesized by lateral conversion and analyzed in detail by hyperspectral Raman imaging, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The rate of conversion was investigated as a function of time, temperature, and thickness of the converted film. In addition, the process was extended to grow patterned MoS2, WSe2, MoSe2 structures, and to demonstrate unique WS2/SiO2 multilayer structures. We believe this method will be applicable to a variety of additional chalcogenide materials, and enable their incorporation into novel architectures and devices.
Pd3Te2: an s-wave superconductor with Pd atom coordinated by five Te atoms
Authors: Chen X , Guo J G , Gong C S , Deng J , Ying T P , Cheng E J , Li S Y , Chen X L 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
We have identified a new superconductor Pd3Te2 based on pure phase samples. Electrical resistivity, magnetic susceptibility and specific heat measurements confirm that Pd3Te2 is a bulk superconductor at 2.2 K. The value of Ginzburg–Landau parameter is larger than 1/√2, suggesting type-II superconductivity. Meanwhile, the analysis of specific heat indicates that Pd3Te2 is a fully-gapped superconductor with electron-phonon coupling constant λ
e-p = 0.58, which features a BCS weakly coupling case. According to our theoretical calculations, the superconductivity is related to the states of hybridization of Pd d states and Te p states at the Fermi level. Our results reveal that superconductivity can occur in five coordinated palladium tellurides.
Threats to a Colorado river provisioning basin under coupled future climate and societal scenarios
Authors: Bennett Katrina E , Tidwell Vincent C , Llewellyn Dagmar , Behery Susan , Barrett Lucas , Stansbury Melanie , Middleton Richard S 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Clean, reliable supplies of water are critical to the sustainability and resilience of communities, including water needed for energy and food production, industry, drinking water, and other human and ecological needs. However, water infrastructure and management in the United States are largely optimized for historic conditions—designed and operated to respond to social needs, and past mean and extreme streamflow, which may no longer apply in the future. Temperature, precipitation, ecosystem dynamics, energy and food production, and social systems are all experiencing changes, which cumulatively affect the security of water supply. Here, we examine the impact of these changes in a provisioning basin in the arid Southwest, the San Juan River, which supplies water, food, and energy to the Colorado River and the Rio Grande. Our analysis applies a multi-model framework to examine future climate and water use scenarios. Results demonstrate that the San Juan River basin could experience significant disruptions to water deliveries (−12% to −48% for the drier models) and shortages that exceed manageable thresholds (53% to 73% of water in shorted years), potentially affecting both the local basin as well as other regions that receive water and energy from the San Juan. While water stress metrics vary across the scenarios, results indicate the need for government, industry, and communities to consider options for adapting to water supply shifts. These results raise important questions regarding the resilience of water resources in basins across the West under future scenarios and implications for energy, food, and other water supply needs.
Truly remote fiber optic sensor networks
Authors: de Miguel Soto Verónica , López-Amo Manuel 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
An overview of truly remote fiber optic sensors is presented in this work. It starts with a brief introduction of fiber optic sensor networks, showing their advantages and multiple applications. Then, the definition of truly remote networks is provided, and their main challenges discussed, such as increasing the sensing distance and the number of sensors interrogated. Several multiplexing techniques have been compared, such as wavelength, time and coherence division multiplexing. In relation to this, the most recent works showing multi wavelength fiber lasers for wavelength division multiplexing have been grouped and their versatility analyzed. Finally, recent and relevant truly remote fiber optic networks have been gathered and some of the most representative schemes explained in detail, comparing their multiplexing capability and the remoteness of the monitored sensors. Random distributed feedback fiber lasers form part of a number of these schemes, proving the suitability of this type of lasers for their use in ultra-long truly remote sensing applications.
Low oxygen partial pressure increases grain boundary ion conductivity in Gd-doped ceria thin films
Authors: Nenning Andreas , Opitz Alexander 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Grain boundaries play an important role in the transport properties of oxide ion conducting electrolytes and mixed ionic electronic conductors. Nevertheless, very little is known about the electrical grain boundary properties in thin films. In these, the separation of in-plane grain and grain boundary conductivity is more complicated due to the large capacitive effect of the insulating substrate. This can be overcome by using interdigitating electrodes with separation of few micrometres. By comparing grain and grain boundary conductivities of Gd-doped Ceria (GDC) thin films with 5 and 10 mol % Gd content, we can show that the much lower conductivity of 5% doped GDC is almost exclusively caused by a significantly higher grain boundary resistance. In reducing atmosphere, GDC becomes mixed ion and electron conducting and in such conditions, the employed Pt thin film electrodes are virtually blocking for oxygen anions and reversible for electrons. With impedance spectroscopy we can therefore simultaneously measure ionic and electronic conductivities under reducing conditions. Although the bulk vacancy concentration remains dominated by the extrinsic acceptor doping, the ionic conductivity of the films increases by up to one order of magnitude when going from oxidising to reducing atmosphere. This result is—although in such a clear manner not observed or predicted before—in line with the widely accepted grain boundary space charge model. It is concluded that an accumulation of Ce3+ in the space charge zone weakens the oxygen vacancy depletion and therefore increases the grain boundary conductivity. The results are of high relevance for understanding and optimising the properties of GDC in anodes and electrolytes for solid oxide fuel cells, and potential new uses such as electrostrictive and memristive devices, for which oxygen partial pressure dependent ionic conductivity is an important new aspect.
A cross-sectional study assessing agreement between self-reported and general practice-recorded health conditions among community dwelling older adults
Authors: Hale Matthew D , Santorelli Gillian , Brundle Caroline , Clegg Andrew 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundself-reported data regarding health conditions are utilised in both clinical practice and research, but their agreement with general practice records is variable. The extent of this variability is poorly studied amongst older adults, particularly amongst those with multiple health conditions, cognitive impairment or frailty. This study investigates the agreement between self-reported and general practice-recorded data amongst such patients and the impact of participant factors on this agreement.Methodsdata on health conditions was collected from participants in the Community Ageing Research 75+ (CARE75+) study (n = 964) by self-report during face-to-face assessment and interrogation of the participants’ general practice electronic health records. Agreement between self-report and practice records was assessed using Kappa statistics and the effect of participant demographics using logistic regression.Resultsagreement ranged from K = 0.25 to 1.00. The presence of ≥2 health conditions modified agreement for cancer (odds ratio, OR:0.62, 95%confidence interval, CI:0.42–0.94), diabetes (OR:0.55, 95%CI:0.38–0.80), dementia (OR:2.82, 95%CI:1.31–6.13) and visual impairment (OR:3.85, 95%CI:1.71–8.62). Frailty reduced agreement for cerebrovascular disease (OR:0.45, 95%CI:0.23–0.89), heart failure (OR:0.40, 95%CI:0.19–0.84) and rheumatoid arthritis (OR:0.41, 95%CI:0.23–0.75). Cognitive impairment reduced agreement for dementia (OR:0.36, 95%CI:0.21–0.62), diabetes (OR:0.47, 95%CI:0.33–0.67), heart failure (OR:0.53, 95%CI:0.35–0.80), visual impairment (OR:0.42, 95%CI:0.25–0.69) and rheumatoid arthritis (OR:0.53, 95%CI:0.37–0.76).Conclusionssignificant variability exists for agreement between self-reported and general practice-recorded comorbidities. This is further affected by an individual’s health conditions. This study is the first to assess frailty as a factor modifying agreement and highlights the importance of utilising the general practice records as the gold standard for data collection from older adults.
Health Locus of Control and Neuropsychological Performance in Latinx and Non-Latinx White Persons Living with HIV (PLWH)
Authors: Aghvinian M , Morris E , Summers A , Crook C , Gonzalez J , Byrd D , Rivera Mindt M 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Objective
Health locus of control (HLOC) refers to health attributions related to one’s actions, chance, doctors, or powerful others and impacts health service utilization. Locus of control (LOC) relates to better neurocognitive (NC) function in healthy adults, medication adherence, and quality of life in persons living with HIV (PLWH). No studies have examined HLOC and NC function in PLWH. This study examined how HLOC contributes to NC function in PLWH.

Participants and Method
This cross-sectional study included 130 PLWH (Latinx: n = 95; non-Latinx White [NLW]: n = 35) who completed an NC battery and Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale Form C (MHLS-C). MHLS-C has 4 subscales (internal, chance, doctors, and powerful others; 1 = Strongly Disagree – 6 = Strongly Agree). Demographically corrected NC T-scores were used for average global NC and domain T-scores.

Results
The Latinx group did worse than the NLW group in global NC, learning, memory, and verbal function (ps &lt; .05). In the Latinx group, MHLS-C Chance negatively related to global NC, learning, memory, and fluency (ps &lt; .05); Powerful Others was negatively related to global NC, learning, and memory (ps &lt; .05). In the NLW group, MHLS-C Chance negatively related to learning and memory (ps &lt; .05). In hierarchical regressions, our model (Step 1: ethnicity and Step 2: MHLC Chance and Powerful Others subscales) predicted global NC (R^2 = .10), learning (R^2 = .30), and memory (R^2=.27; all ps &lt; .05), such that ethnicity was not significant (all ps &gt; .05). Additionally, greater MHLS-C Chance predicted worse NC function (β’s = -.22 to -.40, ps &lt; .05).

Conclusions
Chance HLOC is related to worse NC function in Latinx and NLW groups, but more strongly in the Latinx group. Ethnicity no longer predicted NC function once chance HLOC was considered. These findings align with prior research in the Latinx population about “fatalismo,” a belief that life events are predestined, and highlight the importance of health professionals addressing perceptions of control over one’s health to improve outcomes, including NC functioning.
Current Practices in Cross-Cultural Neuropsychology: A Survey of Providers' Use of Appropriate Normative Data and Views on a Web-based Approach to the Collection and Dissemination of Normative Data for Spanish-speaking Populations
Authors: Arias J , Mendoza R , Levine A , Mojena S , Wilsey A 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Objective
As the U.S. Spanish-speaking population grows, neuropsychologists provide assessment services to an increasingly diverse group of individuals. In response to the need for a centralized resource, NeuroShare, a no-cost website that collects and organizes cross-cultural neuropsychological normative data was created. The purpose of this study was to gather information on the current practices of cross-cultural neuropsychology, the utility of NeuroShare, and potential improvements that could be made to the platform.

Participants and Method
An anonymous survey was distributed to neuropsychologists and trainees through national and regional professional listservs. Participants’ demographics, clinical experience, and current practices (e.g. use of language specific normative data, assessment of acculturation/bilingualism) when providing neuropsychological services to Spanish-speaking populations were collected. The survey examined feedback on the NeuroShare database.

Results
60 participants completed the survey, and they were primarily White/ Caucasian (62%), along with Hispanic/ Latino (36%), Black/African American (1%), and biracial/multiracial (1%). About 66% reported that they often search for Spanish language normative data depending on the patient’s demographics. 70% of respondents reported administering tests developed primarily for English-speaking populations, that are then adapted, when testing Spanish-speaking individuals. Some recommendations for improving Neuroshare included the incorporation of pediatric normative data and a normative data calculator tool.

Conclusions
This study highlights the needs and benefits of a comprehensive, easy to use system in collecting and organizing normative information for diverse populations. NeuroShare serves as a tool to facilitate the practice of cross-cultural neuropsychology, as well as a catalyst to improve neuropsychological services through the provision of improved access to appropriate normative measures for use with diverse populations.
Accuracy of the Test of Memory Malingering in First Generation Spanish-Speaking Latinos
Authors: Campos K , Castillo L , Soble J R 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Objective
The Test of Memory Malingering (TOMM) is among the most widely used performance validity tests (PVTs) in neuropsychology. Despite abundant support documenting its sensitivity and specificity in the detection of invalid performance, most research has occurred among English-speaking, North-American samples. Studies conducted with Spanish-speaking samples in Latin America found associations between education and TOMM performance, though more mixed results in the United States with Hispanic/Latino samples have emerged due to the challenges that bilingualism, acculturation, and heterogeneity of the population pose to an already challenging area of measurement. Due to the pivotal role that PVTs play in clinical diagnoses and legal cases, it is critical that studies begin to broaden their scope and examine their variables cross-culturally. This study investigated the effects of age, education, and cognitive impairment on TOMM Trial 2 performance in a first-generation, monolingual Spanish speaking, Latino sample.

Participants and Method
The sample consisted of 26 first-generation Latino adults, 14 women and 12 men, Mean age = 57.11 (SD = 11.99); Mean education = 7.69 years (SD = 4.14), who underwent outpatient neuropsychological evaluation that included administration of the TOMM. 4 with invalid performances were excluded. Of the remaining 26, 9 were cognitively intact and 17 met criteria for a neurocognitive disorder.

Results
A combined linear regression analysis showed that age, education, and cognitive impairment status did not account for a significant portion of the variance in TOMM Trial 2 scores (R2 = 1.70; p = .283). Similarly, analysis of variance (ANOVA) found no significant differences between impaired (M = 46.68; SD = 5.78) and unimpaired (M = 46.50; SD = 6.09) patients (p = .942).

Conclusions
Results suggested that age, level of education, or cognitive impairment do not have a significant effect on TOMM Trial 2 performance in a sample of first-generation Latinos.
Assessment of Verbal and Visuospatial Performance Predicting Cognitive Impairment in a Monolingual, Spanish-Speaking Sample
Authors: Castillo L , Campos K , Soble J R 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Objective
The Batería Neuropsicológica en Español (BNE) – Digit Span (DS) and Spatial Span (SS) subtests are popular instruments used to measure the capacity of verbal and visuospatial attention/working memory. Although deficits in working memory performance have been found in cases of mild cognitive impairment and dementia in analogous versions of these tasks among English speakers, very few studies have assessed the ability of verbal and visuospatial span tasks to identify impairment within a mono-lingual Spanish-speaking population. This study investigated the clinical utility of the BNE verbal and visuospatial span tasks for discriminating those with and without cognitive impairment in a Spanish-speaking Hispanic population.

Participants and Method
Participants were 46 monolingual, Spanish-speaking Hispanics, 28 women (60.9%) and 18 (39.1%) men (M age = 63.41 (SD = 14.54); M education = 8.41 (SD = 4.39), referred for neuropsychological evaluations, which included the BNE-DS/SS. Three patients with invalid performances were excluded. Of the remaining 46, 17 were cognitively intact following evaluation, whereas 29 met criteria for a neurocognitive disorder.

Results
Logistic regression analysis revealed that although DS backward model was significant, both DS forward age/education-corrected T- scores (p = .878) and DS backward (p = .67), were not significant predictors of cognitive impairment. In contrast, both SS forward (p = .002) and backward (p = .022) were significant predictors of impairment status with respective classification accuracies of 63% and 76.1%.

Conclusions
Findings suggest better performance on visuospatial working memory (SS) is associated with generally intact cognitive abilities and decreased odds of cognitive impairment in a sample of monolingual Spanish-Speaking Hispanics; whereas verbal working memory (DS) findings were less robust.