bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
‘Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy in the management of advanced pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma: A systematic review and meta‐analysis’
Authors: Satapathy Swayamjeet , Mittal Bhagwant Rai , Bhansali Anil 
Published: October 2019

AbstractObjectiveInoperable and metastatic pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGLs) present a therapeutic challenge with current treatment options being limited to radiolabelled meta‐iodo‐benzyl‐guanidine (MIBG) and systemic chemotherapy. Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) seems to be a promising option for these patients with few studies reporting favourable response. This systematic review was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of PRRT in patients with advanced PPGLs.MethodsThis review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Searches in PubMed, Scopus and Embase were made using relevant keywords and articles up to May 2019 were included. Data on efficacy and toxicity were extracted from the individual articles, and pooled estimates were generated using meta‐analysis.ResultsTwelve articles consisting of 201 patients with advanced PPGLs were included. Overall, treatment with PRRT achieved an objective response rate of 25% (95% CI: 19%‐32%) and a disease control rate of 84% (95% CI: 77%‐89%). Clinical and biochemical responses were seen in 61% and 64% of the patients, respectively. Among the PRRTs, similar tumour response rates were noted for 90Y—yttrium‐ and 177Lu—lutetium‐based agents. Treatment‐related adverse effects were minimal with grade 3/4 neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, lymphopenia and nephrotoxicity observed in 3%, 9%, 11% and 4% of the patients, respectively. Treatment discontinuation was noted in five out of 102 patients.ConclusionsPeptide receptor radionuclide therapy is a safe and efficacious treatment option for advanced PPGLs and may be considered a viable alternative to chemotherapy and I‐131 MIBG.
Normative database and determinants of macular vessel density measured by optical coherence tomography angiography
Authors: Fernández‐Vigo José I. , Kudsieh Bachar , Shi Hang , Arriola‐Villalobos Pedro , Donate‐López Juan , García‐Feijóo Julián , Ruiz‐Moreno José M. , Fernández‐Vigo José Á. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractImportanceTo provide a normative vessel density (VD) database for the macula through swept‐source optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and to assess the main determinants of this measurement.BackgroundIn contrast with dye angiography, the recently introduced OCTA technique allows for the non‐invasive measurement of retinal and choroidal VD metrics.DesignCross‐sectional study.ParticipantsThe right eyes of 346 healthy subjects were studied. In 105 subjects both eyes were imaged.MethodsFoveal and parafoveal macular VD measurements were obtained in the retinal superficial capillary plexus (SCP), deep capillary plexus (DCP), and in the choriocapillaris (CC) layer. Also recorded were age, sex, axial length (AL), foveal and choroidal thickness (CT).Main Outcome MeasuresNormative database and determinants of macular VD measured by OCTA.ResultsMean participant age was 38.3 ± 20.1 years (mean ± SD) (range 5‐83). Foveal VDs in the different plexuses were: SCP 22.1% ± 5.0% (7.3‐35.1), DCP 19.9% ± 6.3% (6.9‐51.2) and CC: 52.8% ± 4.3% (40.2‐62.1). Parafoveal VDs ranged from 45.4% ± 3.7% to 51.8% ± 4.6%. Positive correlation was observed between foveal VD and foveal thickness (R = .327), as well as between parafoveal DCP VD and CT (R = .250;P ≤ .006), while correlation with age was negative in the SCP and CC (R = −.283;P < .001). No associations were detected between macular VD and sex or AL (P ≥ .05).Conclusion and RelevanceMacular VD showed wide individual variation, was positively correlated with foveal thickness and with CT, negatively correlated with age, and showed no correlation with AL or sex.
Targeted panel sequencing in pediatric primary cardiomyopathy supports a critical role of TNNI3
Authors: Kühnisch Jirko , Herbst Christopher , Al‐Wakeel‐Marquard Nadya , Dartsch Josephine , Holtgrewe Manuel , Baban Anwar , Mearini Giulia , Hardt Juliane , Kolokotronis Konstantinos , Gerull Brenda , Carrier Lucie , Beule Dieter , Schubert Stephan , Messroghli Daniel , Degener Franziska , Berger Felix , Klaassen Sabine 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe underlying genetic mechanisms and early pathological events of children with primary cardiomyopathy (CMP) are insufficiently characterized. In this study, we aimed to characterize the mutational spectrum of primary CMP in a large cohort of patients ≤18 years referred to a tertiary center. Eighty unrelated index patients with pediatric primary CMP underwent genetic testing with a panel‐based next‐generation sequencing approach of 89 genes. At least one pathogenic or probably pathogenic variant was identified in 30/80 (38%) index patients. In all CMP subgroups, patients carried most frequently variants of interest in sarcomere genes suggesting them as a major contributor in pediatric primary CMP. In MYH7, MYBPC3, and TNNI3, we identified 18 pathogenic/probably pathogenic variants (MYH7 n = 7, MYBPC3 n = 6, TNNI3 n = 5, including one homozygous (TNNI3 c.24+2T>A) truncating variant. Protein and transcript level analysis on heart biopsies from individuals with homozygous mutation of TNNI3 revealed that the TNNI3 protein is absent and associated with upregulation of the fetal isoform TNNI1. The present study further supports the clinical importance of sarcomeric mutation—not only in adult—but also in pediatric primary CMP. TNNI3 is the third most important disease gene in this cohort and complete loss of TNNI3 leads to severe pediatric CMP.
ZNF703 is an important player in head and neck cancer
Authors: Orhan Ceren , Bakır Burak , Dalay Nejat , Buyru Nur 
Published: October 2019

AbstractObjectivesDespite advances in treatment, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remains difficult to treat and the overall survival rate has only modestly improved over the past years. Therefore, there is a need to understand the molecular mechanism of HNSCC. Zinc finger protein 703 (ZNF703) is an oncogenic transcription factor, and ZNF703 gene expression is altered in many cancers as a result of chromosome 8p12 amplification. The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression pattern of ZNF703 in HNSCC in association with CCND1 expression and Akt phosphorylation.DesignProspective study.SettingUniversity hospital.ParticipantsOne hundred and five patients with HNSCC.MethodsFifty HNSCC tumour and non‐cancerous tissue samples were investigated by qRT‐PCR and Western blotting.ResultsZNF703 gene expression was increased in 22.9% of tumour tissues compared with its normal counterparts. The results were correlated with clinicopathological features, copy number variation and survival data.ConclusionZNF703 over‐expression is associated with copy number variation and this over‐expression may activate PI3K/Akt signalling pathway in HNSCC.
Nerve‐tumour interaction enhances the aggressiveness of oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Lee Tsung‐Lun , Chiu Po‐Hsien , Li Wing‐Yin , Yang Muh‐Hwa , Wei Pei‐Yin , Chu Pen‐Yuan , Wang Yi‐Fen , Tai Shyh‐Kuan 
Published: October 2019

AbstractObjectivesPerineural invasion (PNI) is a poor prognostic pathologic feature of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The mechanisms of PNI remain poorly understood, and nerve‐tumour interactions have been implicated for its pathogenesis.Design and settingSystematic investigation of nerve‐tumour interactions was performed using fresh human peripheral nerve. In vitro and in vivo models were used to determine the ability of human peripheral nerves to enhance OSCC migration/invasion. Retrospective cohort study was also carried out in one medical centre from 2001 to 2009.Participants314 T1‐2 OSCC patients.Main outcome measuresIn the transwell migration/invasion assay, the cells in five representative fields were counted. In the nerve implantation model, tumour size was estimated. PNI quantification by PNI focus number was carried out in the OSCC patients to correlate with cervical lymph node metastasis and oncologic outcomes.ResultsThe transwell migration/invasion assay demonstrated that human peripheral nerves, compared with subcutaneous soft tissue, significantly enhanced the migration/invasion abilities of OSCC. Moreover, the enhanced migration was dose‐dependent with increased length or number of peripheral nerve segments. The nerve implantation model showed that human peripheral nerve also enhanced OSCC growth in vivo. Finally, increased PNI focus number was found dose‐dependently associated with increased cervical lymph node metastasis and decreased 5‐year disease‐specific survival rates.ConclusionsThese results clearly indicated the presence of nerve‐tumour interaction that involved paracrine influences leading to aggressiveness of OSCC. Further investigations are required to explore key cell types and molecules involved in nerve‐tumour interactions for future therapeutic targeting of PNI in OSCC.
Prognostic role of pre‐treatment serum albumin in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma: A meta‐analysis and systematic review
Authors: Yang Huifen , Wang Kai , Liang Zheng , Guo Sitong , Zhang Peng , Xu Yi , Zhou Huifang 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundPre‐treatment serum albumin (ALB) is a novel index that was identified in recent years and is considered to be closely related to the prognosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). However, the association between ALB and NPC remains controversial.Objective of ReviewTo assess the prognostic significance of pre‐treatment serum ALB in patients with NPC.Type of ReviewA systematic review and meta‐analysis.Search StrategyWe searched PubMed, the Cochrane Library and the Web of Science for studies published up to August 2018. The keywords used were related to albumin, nasopharyngeal carcinoma and prognosis.Evaluation MethodWe extracted the following data from all included studies: author, publication year, country, cancer centre, time points of randomisation, sample size, mean or median age, gender, TNM stage of NPC, cut‐off value of pre‐treatment serum albumin, number of high‐grade cases and duration of follow‐up. Then, we generated the pooled hazard ratios (HR) for overall survival (OS) and distant metastasis‐free survival (DMFS) to perform this meta‐analysis.ResultsTen studies comprising 7339 cases were included. Lower pre‐treatment serum ALB levels were significantly associated with worse OS (HR = 1.32, 95% CI 1.17‐1.48) and DMFS (HR = 1.40, 95% CI 1.08‐1.80). In general, our findings were further verified in the subgroup analyses based on three features, including cancer stage, cut‐off value and analysis type.ConclusionA decreased level of pre‐treatment serum albumin implies a poor prognosis and can be detected to define the risk stratification of NPC patients.
Contact allergy to citral and its constituents geranial and neral, coupled with reactions to the prehapten and prohapten geraniol
Authors: Hagvall Lina , Bruze Magnus , Engfeldt Malin , Isaksson Marléne , Lindberg Magnus , Ryberg Kristina , Stenberg Berndt , Svedman Cecilia , Karlberg Ann‐Therese , Bråred Christensson Johanna 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundCitral is commonly used as a fragrance and flavor material and consists of the aldehydes geranial and neral. Citral is included in fragrance mix (FM) II. Geranial and neral have also been identified in autoxidation of geraniol, a fragrance compound present in FM I.ObjectivesTo study contact allergy to citral, geranial, and neral, and concomitant reactivity to oxidized geraniol and fragrance markers of the baseline series.MethodsA total of 1476 dermatitis patients with suspected allergic contact dermatitis were patch tested using geranial, neral, and citral, all 3.5% petrolatum (pet.) as well as geraniol 6.0% and oxidized geraniol 11% pet. in addition to the Swedish baseline series.ResultsFrequencies of positive reactions to citral, geranial, and neral were 2.9%, 3.4% and 1.9%, respectively. Together, citral and geranial gave 4.2% positive patch test reactions in consecutive dermatitis patients. In patients with positive reactions to citral or its components, 25% to 34% reacted to FM II and 61% reacted to oxidized geraniol.ConclusionsPatch testing with citral, its components, or oxidized geraniol detects contact allergic reactions not detected using the baseline series. Patch testing with pure geraniol was shown to be of little value. Geranial and neral, although closely chemically related, are concluded to be separate haptens.
On Country: Emplaced Approaches to Collaborative Community Engagement [and] ((in) Through) Mapping Processes in ‘Workshop’ Mode
Authors: Gilbert Jock 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis piece takes as a starting point, the conceptual shift from an understanding of landscape to that of Country, reflected upon in an earlier work in this edition, through a transformational shift facilitated through the Interpretive Wonderings* mapping workshop. This shift is attended by a simultaneous shift in practice from that of participation (a seeking or inviting of engagement in the framework of the inviter) to collaboration (finding engagement in the place of the invitee such that the inviter/invitee assignation is inverted). The implications of this shift will then be explored through the role of a collaborative, emergent approach to curation within the event itself – the role of the interstitial moment arising through attention to the conception of ‘curatorial free space’ in informing a place‐based approach to the practice of landscape architecture. In conclusion, the article will outline the move to a practice which rather than adopting a curatorial point of view, seeks to establish a contingent stand point – facilitating an emplaced practice of landscape.*Editorial note: The Interpretive Wonderings Portfolio comprises a set of interrelated writings that attempt to provide a distinctive, multi‐perspectival account of this creative research project. In addition to this research piece, other articles include: a co‐authored contextual overview which situates the project in theoretical and practical terms (Drake et al. 2019a, this issue)’, a compilation of short texts that offer reflective analyses from the different perspectives of the project’s principal researchers, Sophia Pearce, Campbell Drake, Jock Gilbert and Sven Mehzoud (Drake et al. 2019b, this issue), and an associated research‐led article by Mehzoud (2019, this issue). Read individually, each designated article presents a focused inquiry (depth); taken together as a curated series, they provide the reader with the opportunity to gain a comprehensive overview (breadth) and appreciation of the project’s guiding aspirations, objectives and outcomes that amounts to more than the sum of its discrete parts.
Cardiotoxicity in breast cancer treatment: What about left ventricular diastolic function and left atrial function?
Authors: Timóteo Ana Teresa , Moura Branco Luisa , Filipe Frederico , Galrinho Ana , Rio Pedro , Portugal Guilherme , Oliveira Sónia , Ferreira Rui Cruz 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAimsCardiotoxicity is a possible complication of cancer treatment, particularly with anthracyclines and anti‐HER2 drugs. Systolic dysfunction has already been described. Diastolic dysfunction and left atrial function are less studied. We sought to analyze the impact of cardiotoxic treatments on left ventricular diastolic function and left atrial (LA) function.Methods and ResultsRetrospective study of 100 patients (all women, with a mean age of 54 ± 12 years) with three exams in the span of 1 year during treatment for breast cancer. Patients with previous cancer treatment, coronary artery disease, significant valvular disease, and atrial arrhythmias were excluded. Diastolic dysfunction was classified according to international guidelines and left atrial strain was analyzed by two‐dimensional speckle tracking. In our sample, 74% received anthracyclines, 83% anti‐HER2, and 76% radiation treatment. In the follow‐up, 20% developed new or worsening diastolic dysfunction. Age was the only independent predictor (OR 1.93, 95% CI 1.04–3.58, P = .037). In left atrial function, only the contractile function was significantly reduced in 20.8% of the patients and age was also the only independent predictor, but with a protective effect (OR 0.51, 95% CI 0.28–0.91, P = .023).ConclusionsDuring breast cancer treatment, 20% of the patients develop new or worsening diastolic dysfunction, being age the main determinant, suggesting higher impact of chemotherapy in older patients. Contractile left atrial function is also compromised but, in this case, age seems to be protective. Our results support a stricter surveillance in older patients together to eventually adjust chemotherapy regimens.
Responses of surface SOC to long‐term experimental warming vary between different heath types in the high Arctic tundra
Authors: Jung Ji Young , Michelsen Anders , Kim Mincheol , Nam Sungjin , Schmidt Niels M. , Jeong Sujeong , Choe Yong‐Hoe , Lee Bang Yong , Yoon Ho Il , Lee Yoo Kyung 
Published: October 2019

AbstractOver the past few decades the Arctic has warmed up more than the lower latitudes. Soil organic carbon (SOC) in the Arctic is vulnerable to climate change, and carbon dioxide (CO2) produced via SOC decomposition can amplify atmospheric temperature increase. Although SOC composition is relevant to decomposability, studies on its compositional changes with warming are scarce, particularly in the Arctic. Therefore, we investigated the responses of SOC and the bacterial community to climate manipulation under Cassiope and Salix heath vegetation communities in permafrost‐affected soil in Zackenberg, Greenland. After 8–9 years of experimental warming, we evaluated changes in SOC quantity and quality of three density fractions of soil: free light fraction (FLF), occluded light fraction (OLF) and heavy fraction (HF). The SOC content at 0–5‐cm depth was significantly reduced with warming under Cassiope, and it was accompanied by decreased FLF content, attributed to accelerated decomposition of the FLF by warming. However, SOC molecular composition and bacterial community composition were not affected by warming. By contrast, there was no warming effect on SOC under Salix, which could be partially due to smaller temperature increases caused by higher moisture levels associated with larger silt and clay contents, or to different responses of the dominant plant species to temperature. In both soils, more than 55% of SOC was associated with minerals, and its molecular composition indicated microbial decomposition. Our results suggested that long‐term warming in the high Arctic could induce the loss of SOC, particularly in the FLF; however, the response could vary with vegetation type and/or soil properties, that is, soil texture.Highlights
We show decreased SOC with long‐term (8‐year) warming of heath soils in the high Arctic
Particularly, the free light fraction of SOC in topsoil decreased with warming in a Cassiope heath site
Mineral‐associated SOC content was more than 55% and showed signs of microbial processing
Effects of warming differed according to soil properties and/or plant community composition
Comparison of Lewis–Sumner syndrome with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy patients in a tertiary care centre
Authors: Fargeot G. , Maisonobe T. , Psimaras D. , Debs R. , Lenglet T. , Adams D. , Vandendries C. , Labeyrie C. , Viala K. 
Published: October 2019

Background and purposeWhether the Lewis–Sumner syndrome (L‐SS) is a distinct entity from other types of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP‐ot) remains controversial.MethodThe clinical/electrophysiological characteristics and long‐term outcomes of 45 L‐SS and 35 CIDP‐ot patients were retrospectively compared.ResultsThe CIDP‐ot group was composed of 11 patients with a typical CIDP, 17 with a pure sensory form, four with a distal form and three with a pure motor form. In the L‐SS group, asymmetric (P < 0.001) and monomelic involvement (P = 0.04) of the upper limbs (P < 0.001) was significantly more frequent; paucisymptomatic forms (Overall Neuropathy Limitations Scale ≤ 1) were less frequent (P < 0.001); electroneuromyography showed that conduction block in intermediate nerve segments was the main demyelinating feature, with frequent F‐wave abnormalities on nerves without conduction block (44%). Long‐term prognosis was globally poorer in the L‐SS group with more frequent aggravation during treatment (P = 0.02), less frequent treatment withdrawal (P = 0.03) and longer time to achieve successful withdrawal (39 vs. 15 months).ConclusionsOur study suggests that L‐SS patients have a less favourable therapeutic response rate and long‐term outcomes. Rapid differentiation of L‐SS from other forms of CIDP is important in order to anticipate a more complicated disease course management, with from one side the inefficacy or even harmfulness of corticosteroids and from the other side a difficult weaning procedure. A prospective study is necessary to confirm these results.
Apolipoprotein E impairs amyloid‐β fibril elongation and maturation
Authors: Islam Tohidul , Gharibyan Anna L. , Golchin Solmaz A. , Pettersson Nina , Brännström Kristoffer , Hedberg Isabell , Virta Merit‐Miriam , Olofsson Linnea , Olofsson Anders 
Published: October 2019

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is strongly linked to amyloid depositions of the Aβ peptide (Aβ). The lipid‐binding protein apolipoprotein E (ApoE) has been found to interfere with Aβ amyloid formation and to exert a strong clinical impact to the pathology of AD. The APOE gene exists in three allelic isoforms represented by APOE ε2, APOE ε3, and APOE ε4. Carriers of the APOE ε4 variant display a gene dose‐dependent increased risk of developing the disease. Aβ amyloids are formed via a nucleation‐dependent mechanism where free monomers are added onto a nucleus in a template‐dependent manner. Using a combination of surface plasmon resonance and thioflavin‐T assays, we here show that ApoE can target the process of fibril elongation and that its interference effectively prevents amyloid maturation. We expose a complex equilibrium where the concentration of ApoE, Aβ monomers, and the amount of already formed Aβ fibrils will affect the relative proportion and formation rate of mature amyloids versus alternative assemblies. The result illustrates a mechanism which may affect both the clearance rate of Aβ assemblies in vivo and the population of cytotoxic Aβ assemblies.