bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resource Efficiency Compromise for Centrifugal Pump
Authors: Protopopov A , Mukhlaeva A , Tkachuk B 
Published: August 2019

Annotation
The main characteristics of centrifugal pumps, like many other mechanisms, include resource and efficiency. Often these are two competing parameters - while increasing the first, we sacrifice the second. This is because with an increase in the rotational speed of the pump rotor, the life of the bearings drops rapidly, and the efficiency, on the contrary, increases. There is a need to find a compromise solution, when at the selected value of one parameter the second is maximum.
Optimization of the radial channel guide vane of a centrifugal pump
Authors: Morozova E , Belov N , Cheremushkin V 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The guide vane of a centrifugal multistage pump mostly determines the hydraulic efficiency of the pump and as a consequence the optimal mode of its operation. In order to increase the pump efficiency, the radial channel guide vane has been optimized. Three geometrical parameters and the number of channels of the guide vane were selected as optimization parameters. Hydraulic efficiency was chosen as a criterion. 128 computational models were obtained by the method of automated parametrized construction. The efficiency parameters were obtained via hydrodynamic modeling. As a result, a significant increase in the pump efficiency was achieved.
3D-printed polyether ether ketone samples mechanical properties estimation
Authors: Sviridov A , Lopatina Iu , Kurganova Iu 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This paper is dedicated to study of mechanical characteristics (tensile limit, elasticity modulus and relative elongation) of samples made of polyether ether ketone by additive method FDM (FFF). The paper includes results of mechanical tests on tension of sample party and comparison to results of other authors. Conclusions on reasons of the results obtained are made.
Development of quality measures for use of self-injectable biologic therapy in inflammatory bowel disease: An integrated specialty pharmacy initiative
Authors: Shah Nisha B , Jolly Jacob A , Horst Sara N , Peter Megan , Limper Heather , Zuckerman Autumn D 
Published: August 2019

AbstractPurposeThe development of a tool to measure medication safety, therapeutic efficacy, and other quality outcomes in patients receiving self-injectable biologic therapy for the management of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) at a health-system specialty pharmacy is described.SummaryThrough a collaborative initiative by pharmacists, gastro-enterologists, and representatives of a pharmacy benefit manager and a pharmaceutical company, a set of clinical and specialty pharmacy quality measures was developed. The clinical measures are intended for use in assessing patient safety, disease status, treatment efficacy, and healthcare resource utilization during 3 assessments (pre-treatment, on-treatment, and longitudinal). The specialty pharmacy measures can be used to assess medication adherence, medication persistence, specialty pharmacy accreditation, and patient satisfaction. The proposed quality measures provide a foundation for evaluating the quality of IBD care and improving patient outcomes within a health-system specialty pharmacy. Future efforts to validate and implement the tool in clinical practice are planned.ConclusionThe proposed quality measures provide a foundation for future inquiry regarding the appropriateness and feasibility of integrating the measures into clinical care. Further work is needed to implement and validate these quality measures and determine their impact in optimizing health outcomes.
Response initiation and inhibition and the relationship with fluid intelligence across the adult lifespan
Authors: Martin A K , Barker M S , Gibson E C , Robinson G A 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Background
Cognitive processes associated with frontal lobe functioning are often termed “executive functions.” Two such processes are initiation and inhibition or the starting and stopping of responses. It has recently been claimed dysfunction of executive abilities can be explained by a single measure of fluid intelligence. Here, we test this claim, specifically for the executive abilities of response initiation and inhibition, across the healthy lifespan.

Method
In a cohort of 336 healthy adults (18–89 years), initiation and inhibition were assessed with the Hayling test, Stroop test, and phonemic and semantic verbal fluency. All participants also completed a measure of fluid intelligence. The relationship between fluid intelligence and executive measures was explored across the lifespan using a continuous approach. Mediation models were computed to assess whether age-related decline across the four initiation/inhibition tasks could be fully explained by a single measure of fluid intelligence.

Results
Age was negatively correlated with response initiation/inhibition and fluid intelligence. The mediation analyses identified only partial mediation of fluid intelligence for age and Hayling performance. By contrast, fluid intelligence did not mediate performance on the Stroop test or phonemic and semantic verbal fluency.

Conclusions
Response initiation/inhibition are not able to be explained by fluid intelligence. The results support a multifactorial theory of executive functions and provide evidence for the inclusion of multiple specific executive measures in a thorough neuropsychological assessment of age-related cognitive decline.
A polyoxometalate redox flow battery: functionality and upscale
Authors: Friedl Jochen , Pfanschilling Felix L , Holland-Cunz Matthäa V , Fleck Robert , Schricker Barbara , Wolfschmidt Holger , Stimming Ulrich 
Published: August 2019

AbstractWhile redox flow batteries carry a large potential for electricity storage, specifically for regenerative energies, the current technology-prone system—the all-vanadium redox flow battery—exhibits two major disadvantages: low energy and low power densities. Polyoxometalates have the potential to mitigate both effects. In this publication, the operation of a polyoxometalate redox flow battery was demonstrated for the polyoxoanions [SiW12O40]4– (SiW12) in the anolyte and [PV14O42]9– (PV14) in the catholyte. Emphasis was laid on comparing to which extent an upscale from 25 to 1400 cm2 membrane area may impede efficiency and operational parameters. Results demonstrated that the operation of the large cell for close to 3 months did not diminish operation and the stability of polyoxometalates was unaltered.
Postoperative Outcomes in Ustekinumab-Treated Patients Undergoing Abdominal Operations for Crohn’s Disease: Single-Center Series
Authors: Lightner Amy L , Grass Fabian , Alsughayer Ahmad , Petersen Molly M , Raffals Laura E , Loftus Edward V 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Introduction
The impact of ustekinumab on adverse postoperative outcomes in Crohn’s disease (CD) remains largely unknown. We determined the difference in 90-day postoperative complication rates among CD patients exposed to ustekinumab within 12 weeks prior to an abdominal operation as compared to patients not exposed to biologic therapy.

Methods
A retrospective chart review of all adults with CD who underwent an abdominal operation between October 1, 2017 and December 31, 2018 at a single tertiary medical center was performed. Data collection included patient demographics, concurrent immunosuppression, serum laboratory values, operative values, and 90-day outcomes including superficial surgical site infection (sSSI), intra-abdominal sepsis, overall infectious complications, readmission, and reoperation rates. The primary outcome was the 90-day rate of intra-abdominal sepsis.

Results
Fifty-seven CD patients received ustekinumab and 277 received no biologic therapy in the 12 weeks prior to major abdominal surgery. Ustekinumab-exposed patients were younger, less likely to have diabetes mellitus or active tobacco exposure, were more often obese, and more often taking a concurrent immunomodulator. Ustekinumab remained an independent predictor of intra-abdominal sepsis on multivariable logistic regression. Immunomodulator exposure was associated with significantly increased rates of sSSI and overall complication rates.

Conclusions
Ustekinumab is associated with increased rates of 90-day postoperative intra-abdominal sepsis following a major abdominal operation for CD.
Relationships between personality traits and the physiological stress response in a wild mammal
Authors: Santicchia Francesca , Wauters Lucas A , Dantzer Ben , Westrick Sarah E , Ferrari Nicola , Romeo Claudia , Palme Rupert , Preatoni Damiano G , Martinoli Adriano 
Published: August 2019

AbstractGlucocorticoids (GCs) are involved in the regulation of an animal’s energetic state. Under stressful situations, they are part of the neuroendocrine response to cope with environmental challenges. Animals react to aversive stimuli also through behavioral responses, defined as coping styles. Both in captive and wild populations, individuals differ in their behavior along a proactive–reactive continuum. Proactive animals exhibit a bold, active-explorative and social personality, whereas reactive ones are shy, less active-explorative and less social. Here, we test the hypothesis that personality traits and physiological responses to stressors covary, with more proactive individuals having a less pronounced GC stress response. In wild populations of invasive gray squirrels Sciurus carolinensis, we measured fecal glucocorticoid metabolites (FGMs), an integrated measure of circulating GCs, and 3 personality traits (activity, sociability, and exploration) derived from open field test (OFT) and mirror image stimulation (MIS) test. Gray squirrels had higher FGMs in Autumn than in Winter and males with scrotal testes had higher FGMs than nonbreeding males. Personality varied with body mass and population density. Squirrels expressed more activity-exploration at higher than at lower density and heavier squirrels had higher scores for activity-exploration than animals that weighed less. Variation in FGM concentrations was not correlated with the expression of the 3 personality traits. Hence, our results do not support a strong association between the behavioral and physiological stress responses but show that in wild populations, where animals experience varying environmental conditions, the GC endocrine response and the expression of personality are uncorrelated traits among individuals.
Rivaroxaban vs. warfarin and renal outcomes in non-valvular atrial fibrillation patients with diabetes
Authors: Hernandez Adrian V , Bradley George , Khan Mohammad , Fratoni Andrew , Gasparini Anna , Roman Yuani M , Bunz Thomas J , Eriksson Daniel , Meinecke Anna-Katharina , Coleman Craig I 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Aims
Vascular calcification is common in diabetic patients. Warfarin has been associated with renovascular calcification and worsening renal function; rivaroxaban may provide renopreservation by decreasing vascular inflammation. We compared the impact of rivaroxaban and warfarin on renal outcomes in diabetic patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF).

Methods and results
Using United States IBM MarketScan data from January 2011 to December 2017, we identified adults with both NVAF and diabetes, newly-initiated on rivaroxaban or warfarin with ≥12-month insurance coverage prior to anticoagulation initiation. Patients with Stage 5 chronic kidney disease (CKD) or undergoing haemodialysis at baseline were excluded. Differences in baseline covariates between cohorts were adjusted using inverse probability-of-treatment weighting (IPTW) based on propensity scores (absolute standardized differences &lt;0.1 achieved for all after adjustment). Outcomes included incidence rates of emergency department/hospital admissions for acute kidney injury (AKI) and the composite of the development of Stage 5 CKD or need for haemodialysis. Patients were followed until an event, index anticoagulant discontinuation/switch, insurance disenrollment, or end-of-data availability. Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using Cox regression. We assessed 10 017 rivaroxaban (22.6% received a reduced dose) and 11 665 warfarin users. In comparison to warfarin, rivaroxaban was associated with lower risks of AKI (HR = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.74–0.92) and development of Stage 5 CKD or need for haemodialysis (HR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.70–0.96). Sensitivity and subgroup analyses had similar effects as the base-case analysis.

Conclusion
Rivaroxaban appears to be associated with lower risks of undesirable renal outcomes vs. warfarin in diabetic NVAF patients.
The Meanie Club – Gendered violence and post-punk narratives of love in Miss Farkku-Suomi by Kauko Röyhkä and Dorfpunks by Rocko Schamoni
Authors: Gratzke Michael 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This article examines love, relationships, intimacy and gendered violence in fictionalized punk biographies by authors and post-punk recording artists Kauko Röyhkä and Rocko Schamoni. Punk rock’s DIY aesthetic emphasizes self-fashioning and shock value. Where mainstream impression management, in the sense of Goffman’s micro-sociology, aims at hiding one’s ‘stigma’ in the presentation of the self, punk makes the individual’s ‘stigma’ the main feature of self-fashioning. This attitude is at odds with the ways in which the lover, in particular the Barthesian wretched lover, seeks to appear as attractive to the object of their affection. Miss Farkku-Suomi (‘Miss Denim Finland’, 2003) and Dorfpunks (‘Village Punks’, 2004) tell similar stories of transgressive self-fashioning leading to a re-instatement of hegemonic masculinity and heteronormative love narratives. This article contextualizes these findings regarding male punk writing by comparing them to the autobiography of female punk musician and writer Viv Albertine.
How Can We Explain Regime Type Differences If Citizens Don't Vote Based on Foreign Economic Policy?
Authors: Bearce David H , Velasco-Guachalla V Ximena 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Political economy research shows that more democratic governments generally have more open trade policies with more flexible exchange rate regimes, yet political behavior theory argues that citizens do not think of foreign economic policy as salient and do not cast their votes considering such issues. This note investigates the puzzle about how democracies could have different foreign economic policies than autocracies if citizens do not vote based on these international issues. Using a political model with two possible ways for societal actors to influence state policy (electoral and/or special interest pressure), it first considers how voting based on salient domestic outcomes like inflation and unemployment may lead democratic governments towards more open trade and flexible exchange rates. Second, if more societal groups are able to lobby as special interests in more democratic regimes, then governments may also be pushed toward these same foreign economic policies. Thus, there is no fundamental contradiction between the political economy empirical results and the political behavior theory, although scholars need to adjust their theories to explain foreign economic policy differences across political regime type.
Rates of Adverse IBD-Related Outcomes for Patients With IBD and Concomitant Prostate Cancer Treated With Radiation Therapy
Authors: Feagins Linda A , Kim Jaehyun , Chandrakumaran Anchalia , Gandle Cassandra , Naik Katrina H , Cipher Daisha J , Hou Jason K , Yao Michael D , Gaidos Jill K J 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Background
Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) may be at higher risk for complications from radiation treatment for prostate cancer. However, available data are limited, and controversy remains regarding the best treatment approach for IBD patients who develop prostate cancer.

Methods
A retrospective cohort study across 4 Department of Veterans Affairs hospital systems. Patients with established IBD who were diagnosed and treated for prostate cancer between 1996–2015 were included. We assessed for flares of IBD, IBD-related hospitalizations, and IBD-related surgeries within 6, 12, and 24 months of cancer diagnosis and survival at 1, 2, and 5 years. Flares of IBD were those documented as such by the treating physician, and treatment changed accordingly.

Results
One hundred patients with IBD and prostate cancer were identified. Forty-seven were treated with either treatment with external beam radiation or brachytherapy, and 53 were treated with nonradiation modalities. Comparing cohorts with or without radiation treatment, there were no differences in baseline IBD characteristics, Charlson comorbidity index, or prostate cancer stage. Inflammatory bowel disease flares were 2-fold higher for radiation-treated patients within 6 months (10.6% vs 5.7%) and 6–12 months (4.3% vs 1.9%) after cancer diagnosis. On multiple logistic regression analysis, radiation treatment (adjusted odds ratio, 4.82; 95% confidence interval, 1.15–20.26) was a significant predictor of flares. However, rates of IBD-related hospitalizations or surgeries were not significantly different.

Conclusions
In this retrospective, multicenter study, 2-fold higher rates of flare were found within the first year after prostate cancer diagnosis for patients treated with radiation, but there were no differences in IBD-related hospitalizations or surgeries. Although patients should be counseled of these risks, avoidance of radiation therapy in IBD patients with prostate cancer is likely not necessary.
A duty of care to prevent online exploitation of consumers? Digital dominance and special responsibility in EU competition law
Authors: Sauter Wolf 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Article 102 Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union imposes a special responsibility on undertakings with a dominant position. Digital dominance based on data but also on network effects, platforms, and first user advantage can lead to extreme inequality in bargaining positions with regard to online services, which can result in unfair treatment of competitors, suppliers, and consumers—such as exploitation and discrimination. Online consumers are the focus of this article. In order to tackle competition issues regarding online consumers, I propose interpreting the special responsibility of digitally dominant undertakings as a duty of care in their regard. Digitally dominant undertakings may not just be burdened by but also benefit from this approach, which increases predictability and trust in online markets. It resembles treating online undertakings as information fiduciaries as has been proposed in the USA, but is different because privacy is not the driving concern here and the context is that of antitrust. I look at standards for triggering the duty of care and make proposals for the application of this norm, but both remain to be specified further.
Saving Your Self: How Identity Relevance Influences Product Usage
Authors: Sheehan Daniel , Dommer Sara Loughran 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Although research has consistently demonstrated that people prefer to purchase products and brands that represent their identity, relatively little research has examined how this identity relevance influences product usage. Drawing from work on intertemporal choice, the present work proposes a conceptual framework for the influence of identity on product usage. The authors theorize and demonstrate an identity conservation effect, in that consumers are less likely to use nondurable identity products compared to nonidentity products because the tradeoff between possession value and in-use value is larger for identity products. Six studies demonstrate the identity conservation effect and provide support for the value tradeoff framework through both mediation and theoretically supported moderation.
Geography and State Fragmentation
Authors: Kitamura Shuhei , Lagerlöf Nils-Petter 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Some of the richest places in the world have very high historical border presence, and are often located in particular geographic environments. In this paper we compile grid-cell level data on borders between sovereign states in Europe and surrounding areas from 1500 until today to document that state borders tend to be located in rugged and mountainous terrain, by rivers, and where it rains a lot. Moreover, two commonly used measures of economic activity—night lights and population density—are higher in cells with more borders, in particular more stable borders. This result holds also when controlling for geography. However, by the same metric, cells with more borders than neighboring cells are less developed than those neighbors. These patterns are consistent with a theory in which state competition benefits long-run development, but these benefits accrue more to the center than the periphery of states.
Independent Validation of EarlyR Gene Signature in BIG 1-98: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Phase III Trial Comparing Letrozole and Tamoxifen as Adjuvant Endocrine Therapy for Postmenopausal Women With Hormone Receptor–Positive, Early Breast Cancer
Authors: Buechler Steven A , Gray Kathryn P , Gökmen-Polar Yesim , Willis Scooter , Thürlimann Beat , Kammler Rosita , Viale Giuseppe , Leyland-Jones Brian , Badve Sunil S , Regan Meredith M 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Background
EarlyR gene signature in estrogen receptor–positive (ER+) breast cancer is computed from the expression values of ESPL1, SPAG5, MKI67, PLK1, and PGR. EarlyR has been validated in multiple cohorts profiled using microarrays. This study sought to verify the prognostic features of EarlyR in a case-cohort sample from BIG 1–98, a randomized clinical trial of ER+ postmenopausal breast cancer patients treated with adjuvant endocrine therapy (letrozole or tamoxifen).

Methods
Expression of EarlyR gene signature was estimated by Illumina cDNA-mediated Annealing, Selection, and Ligation assay of RNA from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded primary breast cancer tissues in a case-cohort subset of ER+ women (N = 1174; 216 cases of recurrence within 8 years) from BIG 1–98. EarlyR score and prespecified risk strata (≤25 = low, 26–75 = intermediate, &gt;75 = high) were “blindly” computed. Analysis endpoints included distant recurrence–free interval and breast cancer–free interval at 8 years after randomization. Hazard ratios (HRs) and test statistics were estimated with weighted analysis methods.

Results
The distribution of the EarlyR risk groups was 67% low, 19% intermediate, and 14% high risk in this ER+ cohort. EarlyR was prognostic for distant recurrence–free interval; EarlyR high-risk patients had statistically increased risk of distant recurrence within 8 years (HR = 1.73, 95% confidence interval = 1.14 to 2.64) compared with EarlyR low-risk patients. EarlyR was also prognostic of breast cancer–free interval (HR = 1.74, 95% confidence interval = 1.21 to 2.62).

Conclusions
This study confirmed the prognostic significance of EarlyR using RNA from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues from a case-cohort sample of BIG 1–98. EarlyR identifies a set of high-risk patients with relatively poor prognosis who may be considered for additional treatment. Further studies will focus on analyzing the predictive value of EarlyR signature.
Renal Function in Critically Ill Patients
Authors: Guru Pramod K. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Renal function serves as a window into the homeostasis of internal organs, and multiple organ system failure can occur in critically ill patients irrespective of the initial site of insult. Therefore, essential knowledge of renal pathophysiology is crucial in the diagnostic approach and management of critically ill patients. Close interaction between the kidney and other vital organs such as the heart, lungs, and brain is primarily responsible for the morbidity and mortality among critically ill patients. Pathologic renal changes can manifest in various conditions, such as acute kidney injury (AKI), chronic kidney disease, glomerulonephritis, fluid-electrolyte imbalances, and nephrotic syndrome.