bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
L'effet de la qualification globale sur les rendements de la suréducation et de la sous‐éducation: résultats pour la Malaisie
Authors: WYE Chung‐Khain , ISMAIL Rahmah 
Published: October 2019

RésuméEn Malaisie, l'offre d'emplois qualifiés ne suffit pas à absorber l'afflux de diplômés du supérieur, une situation qui pourrait renforcer la prime salariale des travailleurs surdiplômés et réduire la pénalité salariale des sous‐diplômés. Dans ce contexte, les auteurs s'intéressent à l'effet des compétences au sens large (la «qualification globale») sur ces distorsions, en exploitant des données d'enquête recueillies en 2015 en Malaisie péninsulaire. L'analyse montre que la détention de certaines compétences limite les pénalités induites par les défauts d'appariement sous l'angle du niveau de diplôme. Les établissements de formation et les entreprises auraient donc intérêt à promouvoir l'acquisition de capacités spécifiquement liées à l'emploi.
Prescribing direct‐acting antivirals to treat hepatitis C virus in a general practice setting in Australia: ‘so why not do it’?
Authors: Heard Emma , Massi Luciana , Smirnov Andrew , Selvey Linda A. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe recent implementation of a scheme to provide universal access to direct‐acting antiviral (DAA) medication to treat hepatitis C virus (HCV) places Australia in a unique position to reach global HCV elimination goals. To achieve this, increasing the uptake and success of DAA treatment in general practice settings is essential.AimsTo explore current enablers and residual barriers to HCV treatment in general practice settings in the post‐interferon era from both general practitioner (GP) and patient perspectives.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews with 11 GP and 27 patients were conducted to draw out both challenges and facilitators particularly relevant to DAA uptake and treatment journeys.ResultsKey enablers for successful treatment identified by this study included peer‐led GP support and skill development, utilisation of electronic reminder systems, trusting relationships with patients and engaging with patients' social and family networks. Barriers related to accessible testing facilities and knowledge and confidence with DAA treatment continue to limit GP‐led treatment.ConclusionsDespite a universal access scheme, barriers to DAA prescription in general practice settings remain. These include access to fibrosis testing and GP confidence in DAA prescription. Strengthening peer‐led GP skill development and utilisation of electronic reminder systems may help GP prioritise HCV treatment. Access to fibrosis testing and pathology services with no out‐of‐pocket costs to patients, particularly in outer‐metropolitan areas, should be urgently addressed.
Short‐term colectomy is avoided in over half of regional patients failing medical therapy for acute severe ulcerative colitis with co‐ordinated transfer and tertiary care
Authors: Patrick Desmond , Doecke James D. , Irwin James , Hanigan Katherine , Simms Lisa A. , Howlett Mariko , Radford‐Smith Graham L. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundMany patients presenting with an acute severe ulcerative colitis to a regional hospital are transferred to a metropolitan hospital for specialised care.AimsTo evaluate the outcomes and characteristics of these patients.MethodA retrospective observational cohort study was conducted to examine the 30‐day colectomy rate using prospectively collected data on 69 consecutive index cases of acute severe ulcerative colitis transferred from regional hospitals to our metropolitan hospital meeting Truelove and Witts criteria. Those that avoided colectomy were followed out to 1 year to examine outcomes.ResultsThe 30‐day colectomy rate was 46.4% (32/69) in regional transfer patients. Rescue therapy was administered to 65% (45/69) of patients after transfer to our metropolitan hospital. Colectomy was avoided in 55% of these patients at 30 days. Colectomy free status was maintained in 78% (29/39) of these patients. Mortality was 0% at 30 days and 1 year.ConclusionOver 50% of the patients failing therapy in a regional centre and requiring transfer avoided short term colectomy with co‐ordinated referral for rescue therapy in a tertiary metropolitan inflammatory bowel disease unit. These patients would have ultimately required colectomy in their regional hospital without intervention.
The practical utility of the Welch Emotional Connection Screen for rating parent–infant relational health
Authors: Fagan Marcus A. , Frosch Cynthia A. , Middlemiss Wendy , LaCoursiere Jasmine N. , Owen Margaret T. , Hane Amie A. , Welch Martha G. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractEmotional Connection (EC) measured by the Welch Emotional Connection Screen (WECS) was related to the Parent–Infant Interaction Rating System (PIIRS), a 5‐point adaptation of the rating system developed for the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development (e.g., NICHD Early Child Care Research Network, 1999, Developmental Psychology, 35, 1399). Parent–infant dyads (n = 49 mothers; 43 fathers) were videotaped during face‐to‐face interaction at infant age 6 months; interactions were coded with both the WECS and PIIRS. At age 3, mothers completed the Child Behavior Checklist. WECS ratings of EC were associated with PIIRS rating items for both mother–infant and father–infant dyads. Mother–infant EC related positively to maternal sensitivity and positive regard for child, child positive mood and sustained attention, and dyadic mutuality, and negatively with maternal intrusiveness. Father–infant EC related positively to fathers' positive regard for child, child positive mood and sustained attention, and dyadic mutuality. Mother–infant EC predicted child behavior problems at age 3 better than mother–infant PIIRS ratings of dyadic mutuality. With fathers, neither EC nor dyadic mutuality ratings predicted mother‐reported child behavior problems. Findings highlight the practical utility of the WECS for identifying potentially at‐risk dyads and supporting early relational health.
Health‐related street outreach: Exploring the perceptions of homeless people with experience of sleeping rough
Authors: Ungpakorn Rosa , Rae Bernadette 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAimsTo understand how health‐related street outreach is perceived by homeless people with experience of sleeping rough. Specialist nursing and primary care services are expected to provide street outreach but there is no specific guidance on how to deliver it.DesignA qualitative description study.MethodPurposive opportunistic sampling was used to recruit participants from three drop‐in centres in London. Ten semi‐structured interviews were conducted between 4 June 2018 ‐ 28 June 2018 and Braun and Clarke's thematic analysis was used.ResultsHealth‐related street outreach was perceived as being able to offer a human connection that reduced the sense of isolation and exclusion commonly experienced on the street. People with experience of sleeping rough felt it could overcome access barriers and provide a bridge to healthcare services. Crucially the right approach was deemed to be essential and was defined by participants in terms of location, timing, the outreach team, and the verbal and non‐verbal styles used by outreach workers.ConclusionHealth‐related street outreach is a valuable health promotion tool for people experiencing homelessness that should be financially supported by healthcare commissioners and employers. Providers of health‐related street outreach must adopt the right approach and the development of guidelines could assist services to achieve this.ImpactThe findings of this study can inform planning and review of health‐related street outreach to ensure that the approach taken by healthcare workers is acceptable to, and based on the views of, the people these services are provided for.
Outcomes of nurse practitioner‐led care in patients with cardiovascular disease: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Smigorowsky Marcie J. , Sebastianski Meghan , Sean McMurtry Michael , Tsuyuki Ross T. , Norris Colleen M. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAimTo assess randomized controlled trials evaluating the impact of nurse practitioner‐led cardiovascular care.BackgroundSystematic review of nurse practitioner–led care in patients with cardiovascular disease has not been completed.DesignSystematic review and meta‐analysis.Data sourcesThe Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Medline, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, Scopus and ProQuest were systematically searched for studies published between January 2007 ‐ June 2017.Review MethodsCochrane methodology was used for risk of bias, data extraction and meta‐analysis. The quality of evidence was assessed using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach.ResultsOut of 605 articles, five articles met the inclusion criteria. There was no statistical difference between nurse practitioner‐led care and usual care for 30‐day readmissions, health‐related quality of life and length of stay. A 12% reduction in Framingham risk score was identified.ConclusionThere are a few randomized control trials assessing nurse practitioner‐led cardiovascular care.ImpactLow to moderate quality evidence was identified with no statistically significant associated outcomes of care. Nurse practitioner roles need to be supported to conduct and publish high‐quality research.
Bipolar radiofrequency ablation creates different lesion characteristics compared to simultaneous unipolar ablation
Authors: Nguyen Duy T. , Zheng Lijun , Zipse Matthew M. , Borne Ryan T. , Tzou Wendy S. , Fleeman Blake , Sauer William H. 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTIntroductionBoth bipolar and simultaneous radiofrequency ablation (bRFA, simRFA) have been used to treat thick midmyocardial substrate as well as during circular, multipolar ablation between shorter distances.ObjectivesWe sought to evaluate the biophysical parameters of simRFA, sequential unipolar RFA (seqRFA), and bRFA.MethodsBovine myocardium was placed in a circulating saline bath. To simulate thick substrate conditions, two open irrigated ablation catheters were oriented across from each other, with myocardium in between. Thermocouples were placed in the center, ±2 mm, of the myocardium. Unipolar ablations were performed sequentially or simultaneously at 50 W for 60 seconds and compared to bRFA using the same settings. In addition, to simulate multipolar ablation, two open irrigated ablation catheters were oriented on the same side and perpendicular to myocardium at 1, 2, and 4 mm spacing. SimRFA were performed at 15 and 25 W for 60 seconds and compared to bRFA.ResultsFor thicker tissue, simRFA produced similar lesion volume and depth compared to bRFA but with a lesion geometry similar to seqRFA. Unlike seqRFA and simRFA, bRFA had a necrotic core spanning the myocardium. Core depths, volumes, and temperatures were significantly greater for bRFA lesions compared to simRFA or seqRFA (Figure, P < .001). Similar results were consistent for bRFA and simRFA at shorter spacings.ConclusionsBRFA has greater core lesion temperatures, corresponding to a denser and larger necrotic core, than either simRFA or seqRFA. This may have implications for considering the optimal strategy for deep midmyocardial substrates or during multipolar ablation.
Identification of repetitive atrial activation patterns in persistent atrial fibrillation by direct contact high‐density electrogram mapping
Authors: Wolf Michael , Tavernier René , Zeidan Ziad , El Haddad Milad , Vandekerckhove Yves , Pooter Jan De , Phlips Thomas , Strisciuglio Teresa , Almorad Alexandre , Kyriakopoulou Maria , Lycke Michelle , Duytschaever Mattias , Knecht Sébastien 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIntroductionRecent studies have characterized drivers in persistent atrial fibrillation using automated algorithm detection with panoramic endocardial mapping by means of basket catheters. We aimed to identify repetitive atrial activation patterns (RAAPs) during ongoing atrial fibrillation (AF) based upon automated annotation of unipolar electrograms (EGMs) recorded with a high‐density regional endocardial contact mapping catheter.MethodsIn 14 persistent AF patients, high‐resolution EGMs were recorded for 30 seconds at sequential PentaRay (Biosense Inc) positions covering the entire biatrial surface. All recordings were reviewed off‐line with dedicated software allowing automated annotation of the local activation time of the unipolar fibrillatory EGMs (CARTOFINDER; Biosense Inc). RAAPs were defined as a consistent activation pattern (for ≥3 consecutive beats) of either focal activity with centrifugal spread (RAAPfocal) or rotational activity across the PentaRay splines spanning the AF cycle length (RAAProtational).ResultsA total of 498 PentaRay recordings were analyzed (35.6 ± 7.6 per patient). The number of PentaRay recordings displaying RAAP was 9.8 ± 3.1 per patient (range = 3‐15), of which 2.4 ± 2.4 RAAProtational (range = 0‐7), and 7.4 ± 4.4 RAAPfocal (range = 1‐13). 77% of RAAPs portrayed focal firing. The median number of repetitions per 30 second recording was 11 (range = 3‐225) per recording. RAAPs were observed both in the right atrium (RA) (35%) and left atrium (LA) (65%), with the majority being near the left PVs/appendage (35% of all RAAPs) and the superior vena cava/right appendage (23% of all RAAPs).ConclusionHigh‐resolution, sequential endocardial EGM‐based mapping allows identification of RAAPs in persistent AF. In our series, focal firing was the most frequently observed pattern.
Cardiac electrophysiological characteristics of silent paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: What causes asymptomaticity?
Authors: Hironobe Naoya , Sairaku Akinori , Nakano Yukiko , Tokuyama Takehito , Okamura Sho , Okubo Yosaku , Shimizu Wataru , Kihara Yasuki 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundA diagnosis of silent paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) is highly challenging due to its asymptomatic and intermittent nature. The goal of the present study was to clarify its asymptomaticity with the use of a comprehensive electrophysiological approach.MethodsWe prospectively compared (a) 24‐hour Holter monitoring data, (b) invasive cardiac electrophysiological properties, (c) AF inducibility, and (d) outcome of radiofrequency catheter ablation between patients with symptomatic paroxysmal AF and those with silent paroxysmal AF, defined as transient asymptomatic AF detected by chance.ResultsPatients with silent paroxysmal AF (N = 57) were more likely than patients with symptomatic paroxysmal AF (N = 282) to be male (75.4% vs 56.7%; P = .009), and to have a previous stroke (17.5% vs 6.7%; P = .008), more prolonged atrio‐His interval (114.9 ± 29.1 vs 105.5 ± 24.1 ms; P = .01), longer atrioventricular nodal effective refractory period (352.3 ± 103 vs 318.2 ± 77.2 ms; P = .007), slower Wenckebach cycle length (488.5 ± 83.9 vs 443.3 ± 74.9 ms; P < .001), and lower maximum heart rate during AF (128.7 ± 31.9 vs 143.9 ± 29.6 beats/min; P = .02). Atrial ectopy (median [interquartile range], 385 [88, 2430] vs 207 [73.8, 870.8] beats/24 h; P = .02) and pharmacological AF induction (66.7% vs 43.2%; P = .02) were more common in silent paroxysmal AF patients. There was no difference in the 1‐year freedom from AF following the ablation between the two patient groups.ConclusionsThe more attenuated atrioventricular conduction properties in silent paroxysmal AF patients may explain their asymptomatic nature, and their higher likelihood of atrial arrhythmias may increase the chance to detect AF episodes. Whether or not they benefit from catheter ablation is uncertain.
Ablation index‐guided 50 W ablation for pulmonary vein isolation in patients with atrial fibrillation: Procedural data, lesion analysis, and initial results from the FAFA AI High Power Study
Authors: Chen Shaojie , Schmidt Boris , Bordignon Stefano , Urbanek Lukas , Tohoku Shota , Bologna Fabrizio , Angelkov Lazar , Garvanski Iskren , Tsianakas Nikolaos , Konstantinou Athanasios , Trolese Luca , Weise Felix , Perrotta Laura , Chun K. R. Julian 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundRadiofrequency high‐power ablation appears to be a novel concept for atrial fibrillation (AF). The ablation index (AI) value has been associated with durability of pulmonary vein isolation (PVI).ObjectivesThis study aimed to report the procedural data and initial results of a combined ablation technique using AI‐guided high‐power (AI‐HP; 50 W) ablation for PVI.MethodsSymptomatic AF patients were consecutively enrolled and underwent wide‐area contiguous circumferential PVI. Contact‐force catheters were used, ablation power was set to 50 W targeting AI values (550 anterior and 400 posterior). Esophageal temperature was monitored during procedure, all patients underwent postablation esophageal endoscopy.ResultsPVI was achieved in all (n = 50, mean age: 68 ± 9 years, female: 60%) patients, rate of first‐round PVI was 92%. A total of N = 2105 AI‐guided ablation lesions were analyzed. Comparing left anterior wall vs left posterior wall and right anterior wall vs right posterior wall, mean ablation time (s) per lesion was 20.5 ± 8 vs 8.6 ± 3 and 12.2 ± 4 vs 9.3 ± 3; mean contact force (g): 17.1 ± 12 vs 25.4 ± 14 and 33.7 ± 13 vs 21.0 ± 11; mean AI: 547 ± 48 vs 445 ± 55 and 555 ± 56 vs 440 ± 47 (all P < .0001). Procedure and fluoroscopy time (minute) were 55.6 ± 6.6 and 6 ± 1.7, respectively. Only one (2%) patient had a minimal esophageal lesion. During In‐hospital and 1‐month follow‐up no major complications such as death, stroke, tamponade, or atriaesophageal fistula (AE) occurred. Preliminary 6‐month follow‐up showed 48 of 50 (96%) patients were free from clinical AF/atrial tachycardia recurrence.ConclusionAI‐HP (50 W) ablation appears to be a feasible, safe, fast, and effective ablation technique for PVI.
Safety review of phenoxyethanol when used as a preservative in cosmetics
Authors: Dréno B. , Zuberbier T. , Gelmetti C. , Gontijo G. , Marinovich M. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractPhenoxyethanol, or 2‐phenoxyethanol, has a large spectrum of antimicrobial activity and has been widely used as a preservative in cosmetic products for decades. It is effective against various Gram‐negative and Gram‐positive bacteria, as well as against yeasts, and has only a weak inhibitory effect on resident skin flora. According to the European Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety, phenoxyethanol is safe for all consumers – including children of all ages – when used as a preservative in cosmetic products at a maximum concentration of 1%. Adverse systemic effects have been observed in toxicological studies on animals but only when the levels of exposure were many magnitudes higher (around 200‐fold higher) than those to which consumers are exposed when using phenoxyethanol‐containing cosmetic products. Despite its widespread use in cosmetic products, phenoxyethanol is a rare sensitizer. It can be considered as one of the most well‐tolerated preservatives used in cosmetic products.
Review of the safety of octocrylene used as an ultraviolet filter in cosmetics
Authors: Berardesca E. , Zuberbier T. , Sanchez Viera M. , Marinovich M. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractOctocrylene or octocrilene is an organic ultraviolet (UV) filter which absorbs mainly UVB radiation and short UVA wavelengths. It is used in various cosmetic products to either provide an appropriate sun protection factor in sunscreen products or to protect cosmetic formulations from UV radiation. There is no discussion that UV filters are beneficial ingredients in cosmetics since they protect from skin cancer, but octocrylene has been recently incriminated to potentially induce adverse effects on the endocrine system in addition to having allergic and/or photoallergic potential. However, the substance has the advantage to work synergistically with other filters allowing a beneficial broad photoprotection, e.g. it stabilizes the UVA filter avobenzone (i.e. butylmethoxydibenzoylmethane). Like all chemicals used in cosmetics, the safety profile of octocrylene is constantly under assessment by the European Chemical Agency (ECHA) since it has been registered according to the European regulation Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals. Summaries of safety data of octocrylene are publicly available on the ECHA website. This review aims to present the main safety data from the ECHA website, as well as those reported in scientific articles from peer‐reviewed journals. The available data show that octocrylene does not have any endocrine disruption potential. It is a rare sensitizer, photocontact allergy is more frequent and it is considered consecutive to photosensitization to ketoprofen. Based on these results, octocrylene can be considered as safe when used as a UV filter in cosmetic products at a concentration up to 10%.
Mineral oils and waxes in cosmetics: an overview mainly based on the current European regulations and the safety profile of these compounds
Authors: Chuberre B. , Araviiskaia E. , Bieber T. , Barbaud A. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractMineral oils and waxes are mixtures of predominantly saturated hydrocarbons consisting of straight‐chain, branched and ring structures with carbon chain lengths greater than C14. They have been used for many decades in skin and lip care cosmetic products due to their excellent skin tolerance as well as their high protecting and cleansing performance and broad viscosity options. In contrast to vegetable oils, mineral oils are non‐allergenic since they are highly stable and not susceptible to oxidation or rancidity. They have a long history of safe use which is confirmed by clinical and epidemiological data. In Europe, mineral oils are only permitted in cosmetics if compliant with purity specifications on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and safety requirements laid down in the European pharmacopoeia and the EU cosmetics regulation EC/1223/2009. The high quality of these mineral oils is assured by robust quality assurance and a refining/purification process designed to exclude substances with carcinogenic potential and to minimize the presence of mineral oil aromatic hydrocarbons. Given their highly lipophilic properties, mineral oils do not penetrate human skin and, thus, are not systemically bioavailable in the body. Moreover, no significant changes in the skin and no effects on any internal organ system have been reported and attributed to the topical application of refined mineral oils. Regarding potential oral exposure from cosmetic lip care products, Cosmetics Europe, the European trade association for the cosmetics and personal care industry, has advised cosmetic manufacturers to only use mineral oil fractions for which recognized food acceptable daily intake (ADI) values apply. The estimated dose of mineral oils ingested via lip care products contributes to <10% of the ADI value and should therefore be considered of no toxicological concern.
Observation of a porbeagle shark Lamna nasus aggregation at a North Sea oil platform
Authors: Haugen Janne B. , Papastamatiou Yannis 
Published: October 2019

AbstractA minimum of 20 porbeagles Lamna nasus were observed circling the Alba oil platform (UK North Sea) over several days in July 2014. Although schools of fish often aggregate around oil platforms, less is known about their ability to aggregate pelagic sharks and L. nasus are rarely seen at the surface. This unusual observation provides new insights into L. nasus behaviour and habitat use and the potential role of offshore artificial structures on pelagic predators.