bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The power of third sector organizations in public education
Authors: Kolleck Nina 
Published: January 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to address school–NGO interactions by analyzing the power of foundations – a specific type of third sector organization or NGO in education.Design/methodology/approachData are collected through a quantitative survey, qualitative interviews, official documents, reports and websites. Social network analysis and grounded theory are used to analyze the data with the aim to develop a theoretical approach.FindingsThe study identifies three dimensions, i.e. relational, structural and discursive dimensions of power. Based on the analysis of an illustrative multi-stakeholder initiative, the paper highlights the role of foundations in framing educational settings, concepts and structures of the education system as such.Practical implicationsThe three-dimensional power perspective offered in this paper is particularly useful for scholars investigating school–NGO interactions or multi-stakeholder partnerships in education. Furthermore, it is of crucial importance for practitioners, school principals and education administrators dealing with school–NGO interactions given that foundations seem to be increasingly able to draw on new sources of power in these interactions.Originality/valueWhile the number and power of the third sector in education continues to rise worldwide, there is wide consensus that NGO power in education has, to date, hardly been researched. This paper contributes to this dearth of research by uncovering foundations’ different sources of power and by developing a theoretical approach for analyzing the power of third-sector organizations in education.
Autism, intellectual disabilities and additional psychosis, and affiliation to groups with violent ideology: short communication
Authors: Inderberg Ann Magritt Solheim , Horndalsveen Kristin , Elvehaug Arne-Henrik , Mehmi Yugbadal , Jørstad Ingvild , Bakken Trine Lise 
Published: January 2019

Purpose
People with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have been associated with criminal acts and affiliation with groups and organisations with violent ideology and practice. The purpose of this paper is to present patients in mental health services with both ASD and psychosis, who are affiliated with such groups.

Design/methodology/approach
Three vignettes are used as examples. Some of the information is combined for the three participants for presentation. They were scored for mental health symptoms and behaviour problems on admission and discharge from inpatient care.

Findings
The combination of ASD and psychosis aggravates the problems of both conditions, which may elicit a collapse of both cognitive functioning and especially impulse control, and of the ability to judge whether situations are dangerous or offensive or not.

Originality/value
The present paper may contribute to a better understanding of the combination of ASD, psychosis and affiliation with groups and organisations as described, especially regarding the importance of identifying psychosis.
Corporate governance, innovation input and corporate performance
Authors: Yin Meiqun , Sheng Lei 
Published: January 2019

PurposeThis paper aims to find the endogenous relationship between innovation input and corporate performance and deepen the study of innovation performance theory in industry and enterprise at the micro level.Design/methodology/approachThis paper selects the firms listed on A shares in Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges from 2009 to 2015 as samples. The authors cluster these samples according to the factors of production and classify the samples into three types: technology-intensive, capital-intensive and labor-intensive. After obtaining the samples and classifying them, the authors conduct a research on the endogenous relationship between the innovation input and the corporate performance through the simultaneous equations model and 3SLS estimation method. Meanwhile, they also make a study on the influence of executive incentive mechanism on the relationship between the innovation input and the corporate performance.FindingsIn technology-intensive industry, the increase of pre-innovation input will enhance the corporate performance in the current period, however, which will slow down the pace of innovation and lead to lower corporate performance in the future, and then increase innovation input again. In contrast, in capital-intensive industries, innovation input just improves corporate performance in the current period and the promotion of corporate performance will promote the intensity of innovation input in the future. With labor-intensive industries, innovation input also depends on early good returns, but innovation input has no significant impact on the corporate performance both at present and in the future. While in the executive incentive mechanism, salary incentive has a significant positive regulatory effect on the relationship between innovation input and corporate performance.Originality/valueThis paper presents a new research perspective on the relationship between innovation input and firm corporate performance, which is of great value to the listed company in balancing the R&D input with the company’s target performance and the design of executive incentive mechanism.
Social risk management: structuring, validation, and testing of a survey in the mining industry
Authors: Maciel Ana Carolina de Moura , Pardini Daniel Jardim , Monteiro Plínio Rafael Reis 
Published: January 2019

Purpose
This study aims to focus on the development and testing of a social risk management scale that could be applied to identify internal and external dimensions of strategic risks.

Design/methodology/approach
This study applied a quantitative approach for testing an theoretical model in the Brazilian mining sector, using partial least squares–structural equation modeling to assess reliability and validity of the dimensions and model.

Findings
Results points that internal and external risks have similar impact on general risk in the mining sector on the company studied. The research also identifies multidimensional scales consisting of internal (company policy, attitudes, loss of assets, human resources and operational) and external risks (market, strategic, social, credit, liquidity, loss of assets and technological). The results also points the relative importance of these dimensions and sub-dimensions on general business strategic risks.

Research limitations/implications
The scale was tested in just one company and, as a case study approach, the results are of limited generalization. Also, the scale was developed in the mining sector, so also the scale may require adaptation to applications in other contexts.

Practical implications
The multidimensional and hierarchical approach applied to modeling and scale development helps managers to understand the nature of risks and how to minimize them in business strategic settings.

Social implications
The study points out cues for managers to reconcile divergent sources of strategic risks that affect business, taking in to account the social dimension as a central element of risk management.

Originality/value
The study proposes and tests a scale with a multidimensional and hierarchical approach for social risk managing.
Incidence rate of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma is rapidly increasing in Akita Prefecture: Urgent alert for super‐aged society
Authors: Umezono Yuko , Sato Yuriko , Noto Mai , Yamada Katsuhiro , Noguchi Natsuko , Hasunuma Naoko , Osada Shin‐Ichi , Manabe Motomu 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIncidence rates of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) are increasing in many countries. To estimate detailed trends of SCC incidence rates in the population of Akita Prefecture as the forerunner of super‐aged societies, we conducted a retrospective analysis of patients diagnosed with SCC between 2007 and 2016 in Akita University Hospital. The crude SCC incidence rate increased rapidly between 2007 and 2016 from 2.5 to 10.0/100 000 people. Remarkably, the age‐specific incidence rate of people aged 80 years or over increased between 2007 and 2016 from 14.7 to 51.6/100 000 people, suggesting that SCC incidence rates increase possibly due to not only the increased number of aged people but also because of unidentified cancer‐prone environments. When the findings of the present study are generalized to other regions entering the era of super‐aging, it is clear that we need to prepare for the economic disease burden together with careful monitoring to confirm future trends for SCC.
Associations between metformin use and vitamin B12 levels, anemia, and neuropathy in patients with diabetes: a meta‐analysis
Authors: Yang Wenjia , Cai Xiaoling , Wu Haiya , Ji Linong 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackgroundMetformin is first‐line therapy for patients with diabetes. However, it may lower vitamin B12 concentrations, which could have hematological or neurological implications. This meta‐analyses reviewed all available studies on associations between metformin use and vitamin B12 levels, anemia, and neuropathy in diabetic patients.MethodsPubMed, Web of Knowledge, Cochrane Library, and Embase were searched to identify all relevant studies published in English prior to March 2018. Pooled risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for dichotomous outcomes and pooled mean differences (MDs) and 95% CIs were calculated for continuous outcomes.ResultsThirty‐one studies were included in the meta‐analyses. Compared with diabetic patients not taking metformin, patients taking metformin had a significantly higher risk of vitamin B12 deficiency (RR 2.09; 95% CI 1.49, 2.93; P < 0.0001; I2 = 64%) and significantly lower serum vitamin B12 concentrations (MD −63.70; 95% CI −74.35, −53.05] pM; P < 0.00001; I2 = 87%), which depended on dose and duration of treatment. Metformin use was also associated with significantly greater percentage decrease in serum vitamin B12 concentrations from baseline in diabetic patients (MD −14.68%; 95% CI −17.98%, −11.39%; P < 0.00001; I2 = 33%). Analyses revealed no significant association between metformin use and the prevalence of anemia or neuropathy.ConclusionsMetformin use led to significantly lowered vitamin B12 concentrations and significantly higher risk of vitamin B12 deficiency in diabetic patients. More quality studies are needed to explore the associations between metformin use and anemia and neuropathy in these patients. Annual vitamin B12 assessment in diabetic patients taking metformin is recommended.
Cue‐elicited craving–related lentiform activation during gaming deprivation is associated with the emergence of Internet gaming disorder
Authors: Dong Guangheng , Wang Min , Liu Xiaoyue , Liang Qianxin , Du Xiaoxia , Potenza Marc N. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractInternet gaming disorder (IGD) is associated with negative health measures. However, little is known regarding the brain mechanisms or cognitive factors that may predict transitions from regular game use (RGU) to IGD. Such knowledge may help identify individuals who are particularly vulnerable to IGD and aid in prevention efforts. One hundred forty‐nine individuals with RGU were scanned when they were performing a cue‐elicited‐craving task before gaming and after gaming was suddenly ceased. One year later, 23 were found to have developed IGD (RGU_IGD). We compared the original data from these 23 RGU_IGD subjects and 23 one‐to‐one matched subjects still meeting criteria for RGU (RGU_RGU). RGU_IGD and RGU_RGU subjects showed similarities in the cue‐elicited‐craving task before gaming. Significant group‐by‐time interaction identified the bilateral lentiform nucleus. Post hoc analysis showed the interaction was related to increased activation in the RGU_IGD subjects following gaming. Significant correlations were observed between self‐reported cravings and lentiform activation in the RGU_IGD subjects. Among individuals with RGU, gaming‐cue‐induced lentiform activation following a session of gaming may predict subsequent development of IGD. The findings suggest a biological mechanism for emergence of IGD that may help inform prevention interventions.
Modelling continuous abstinence rates over time from clinical trials of pharmacological interventions for smoking cessation
Authors: Jackson Sarah E. , McGowan Jennifer A. , Ubhi Harveen Kaur , Proudfoot Hannah , Shahab Lion , Brown Jamie , West Robert 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackground and aimIt is useful, for theoretical and practical reasons, to be able to specify functions for continuous abstinence over time in smoking cessation attempts. This study aimed to find the best‐fitting models of mean proportion abstinent with different smoking cessation pharmacotherapies up to 52 weeks from the quit date.MethodsWe searched the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of pharmacological treatments to aid smoking cessation. For comparability, we selected trials that provided 12 weeks of treatment. Continuous abstinence rates for each treatment at each follow‐up point in trials were extracted along with methodological details of the trial. Data points for each pharmacotherapy at each follow‐up point were aggregated where the total across contributing studies included at least 1000 participants per data point. Continuous abstinence curves were modelled using a range of different functions from the quit date to 52‐week follow‐up. Models were compared for fit using R2 and Bayesian information criterion (BIC).ResultsStudies meeting our selection criteria covered three pharmacotherapies [varenicline, nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) and bupropion] and placebo. Power functions provided the best fit (R2 > 0.99, BIC < 17.0) to continuous abstinence curves from the target quit date in all cases except for varenicline, where a logarithmic function described the curve best (R2 = 0.99, BIC = 21.2). At 52 weeks, abstinence rates were 22.5% (23.0% modelled) for varenicline, 16.7% (16.0% modelled) for bupropion, 13.0% (12.4% modelled) for NRT and 8.3% (8.9% modelled) for placebo. For varenicline, bupropion, NRT and placebo, respectively, 55.9, 65.0, 62.3 and 56.5% of participants who were abstinent at the end of treatment were still abstinent at 52 weeks.ConclusionsMean continuous abstinence rates up to 52 weeks from initiation of smoking cessation attempts in clinical trials can be modelled using simple power functions for placebo, nicotine replacement therapy and bupropion and a logarithmic function for varenicline. This allows accurate prediction of abstinence rates from any time point to any other time point up to 52 weeks.
Novel small molecule IL-6 inhibitor suppresses autoreactive Th17 development and promotes Treg development
Authors: Aqel S I , Kraus E E , Jena N , Kumari V , Granitto M C , Mao L , Farinas M F , Zhao E Y , Perottino G , Pei W , Lovett-Racke A E , Racke M K , Fuchs J R , Li C , Yang Y 
Published: January 2019

SummaryMultiple sclerosis (MS) is the leading cause of non-traumatic neurological disability in the United States in young adults, but current treatments are only partially effective, making it necessary to develop new, innovative therapeutic strategies. Myelin-specific interleukin (IL)-17-producing T helper type 17 (Th17) cells are a major subset of CD4 T effector cells (Teff) that play a critical role in mediating the development and progression of MS and its mouse model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), while regulatory T cells (Treg) CD4 T cells are beneficial for suppressing disease. The IL-6/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT-3) signaling pathway is a key regulator of Th17 and Treg cells by promoting Th17 development and suppressing Treg development. Here we show that three novel small molecule IL-6 inhibitors, madindoline-5 (MDL-5), MDL-16 and MDL-101, significantly suppress IL-17 production in myelin-specific CD4 T cells in a dose-dependent manner in vitro. MDL-101 showed superior potency in suppressing IL-17 production compared to MDL-5 and MDL-16. Treatment of myelin-specific CD4 T cells with MDL-101 in vitro reduced their encephalitogenic potential following their subsequent adoptive transfer. Furthermore, MDL-101 significantly suppressed proliferation and IL-17 production of anti-CD3-activated effector/memory CD45RO+CD4+ human CD4 T cells and promoted human Treg development. Together, these data demonstrate that these novel small molecule IL-6 inhibitors have the potential to shift the Teff : Treg balance, which may provide a novel therapeutic strategy for ameliorating disease progression in MS.
Adolescent use of combined hormonal contraception and peak bone mineral density accrual: A meta‐analysis of international prospective controlled studies
Authors: Goshtasebi Azita , Subotic Brajic Tatjana , Scholes Delia , Beres Lederer Goldberg Tamara , Berenson Abbey , Prior Jerilynn C. 
Published: January 2019

SummaryObjectiveMany women use combined hormonal contraceptives (CHC) during adolescence during which they are accruing peak areal bone mineral density (BMD) that relates to lifetime fracture risk. To build BMD requires formation with which CHC‐related exogenous oestrogen may interfere. We compared peak BMD accrual in adolescents using and not using CHC.Design/ParticipantsWe performed literature searches for prospective published peer‐reviewed articles providing 12‐ to 24‐month BMD change in adolescent (12‐ to 19‐year‐old) women using CHC vs CHC‐unexposed control women.MethodsMeta‐analyses used random‐effects models to assess BMD change rate at lumbar spine (LS) and other sites in adolescent CHC users vs CHC nonusers.ResultsLiterature searches yielded 84 publications of which nine were eligible. Adolescent‐only data were sought from cohorts with wider age inclusions. The 12‐month LS meta‐analysis with eight paired comparisons in 1535 adolescents showed a weighted mean BMD difference of −0.02 (95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.05 to 0.00) g/cm2 in CHC‐exposed adolescents (P = 0.04). The 24‐month LS meta‐analysis with five paired comparisons in 885 adolescents showed a highly significant weighted mean BMD difference of −0.02 (95% CI: −0.03 to −0.01) g/cm2 in CHC‐exposed adolescents (P = 0.0006). Heterogeneities by I2 were 96% and 85%, respectively. Insufficient data for other bone sites precluded quantitative analysis.ConclusionGiven that adolescent exposure to CHC appears to be increasing, this evidence for potential impairment of peak spinal BMD accrual is of concern and suggests a potential public health problem. Randomized controlled trial data are needed to determine CHC effects on adolescent bone health.
Hautentzündungen mit Arthritis, Synovitis und Enthesitis. Teil 1: Psoriasisarthritis, SAPHO‐Syndrom, Morbus Still, Morbus Behçet
Authors: Huhn Christian K. , Schauer Franziska , Schempp Christoph M. , Venhoff Nils , Finzel Stephanie 
Published: January 2019

ZusammenfassungDie Assoziation der Entzündung von Haut und Gelenken stellt Dermatologen und Rheumatologen oft vor diagnostische Herausforderungen. Um diese Krankheitsbilder adäquat managen zu können, benötigen beide Fachrichtungen solide Grundkenntnisse im jeweils anderen Fachgebiet. Bei Verdacht auf eine Gelenkbeteiligung kann die Kenntnis der zur Verfügung stehenden diagnostischen Möglichkeiten dem Dermatologen eine selektive und begründete konsiliarische Vorstellung bei einem Rheumatologen oder rheumatologischen Zentrum ermöglichen. Der vorliegende Beitrag vermittelt deshalb zunächst Grundkenntnisse der modernen rheumatologischen Stufendiagnostik. Diese umfasst neben labordiagnostischen Verfahren die Bildgebung wie den muskuloskelettalen Gelenkultraschall, Röntgen und Kernspintomografie. Anschließend werden Krankheitsbilder mit gleichzeitiger Entzündung von Haut und Gelenken besprochen: die Psoriasisarthritis und die autoinflammatorischen Syndrome SAPHO‐Syndrom, Morbus Still und Morbus Behçet. Bei jedem Krankheitsbild werden Epidemiologie, Ätiologie und Pathogenese, Klinik, Diagnostik und Grundzüge der Therapie besprochen.
Long‐term efficacy and safety of ertugliflozin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus inadequately controlled with metformin monotherapy: 104‐week VERTIS MET trial
Authors: Gallo Silvina , Charbonnel Bernard , Goldman Allison , Shi Harry , Huyck Susan , Darekar Amanda , Lauring Brett , Terra Steven G. 
Published: January 2019

AimTo evaluate the long‐term efficacy and safety of ertugliflozin in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus inadequately controlled on metformin.Materials and MethodsA 104‐week Phase III, randomized double‐blind study with a 26‐week placebo‐controlled period (Phase A) and a 78‐week period (Phase B) where blinded glimepiride was added to non‐rescued placebo participants with fasting fingerstick glucose ≥6.1 mmol/L. Results through week 104 are reported.ResultsMean (standard error) change in HbA1c from baseline was −0.7% (0.07) and −1.0% (0.07) at week 52; −0.6% (0.08) and −0.9% (0.08) at week 104 for ertugliflozin 5 and 15 mg. At week 52, 34.8% and 36.6% participants had HbA1c <7.0%, and 24.6% and 33.7% at week 104, for ertugliflozin 5 and 15 mg. Ertugliflozin reduced fasting plasma glucose (FPG), body weight and systolic blood pressure (SBP) from baseline through week 104. The incidence of female genital mycotic infections (GMIs) was higher with ertugliflozin, and symptomatic hypoglycaemia was lower for ertugliflozin versus placebo/glimepiride. Minimal bone mineral density (BMD) changes were observed, similar to placebo/glimepiride, except at total hip where reduction in BMD was greater with ertugliflozin 15 mg versus placebo/glimepiride: difference in least squares means (95% CI) –0.50% (−0.95, −0.04) at week 52 and −0.84% (−1.44, −0.24) at week 104.ConclusionsErtugliflozin maintained improvements from baseline in HbA1c, FPG, body weight and SBP through week 104. Ertugliflozin was well tolerated, with non‐clinically relevant changes in BMD. Compared with placebo/glimepiride, ertugliflozin increased female GMIs, but reduced the incidence of symptomatic hypoglycaemia. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02033889.
IL‐17A synergistically enhances TLR3‐mediated IL‐36γ production by keratinocytes: A potential role in injury‐amplified psoriatic inflammation
Authors: Liu Shuangchun , Wu Fei , Wu Zongzhou , Li Ying , Zhang Shujie , Yu Ning 
Published: January 2019

AbstractSkin injury can trigger formation of new lesions in psoriasis (Koebner phenomenon). The mechanisms through which injury exacerbates psoriasis are unclear. During wound repair, epidermal keratinocytes are activated and produce abundant IL‐36γ, further promoting the skin inflammation. IL‐17A is the cornerstone cytokine in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. We sought to investigate the effects of IL‐17A on injury‐induced keratinocyte activation and IL‐36γ production. Here, we demonstrated that dsRNA released from necrotic keratinocytes induced the expression of IL‐36γ. Silencing of TLR3 by siRNA decreased the IL‐36γ induction by necrotic keratinocyte supernatant. Co‐stimulation with dsRNA and IL‐17A synergistically increased the expression of IL‐36γ and other proinflammatory mediators (CCL20, CXCL8, DEFB4 and LCN2) in keratinocytes. The synergistic effects were not dependent on TLR3 upregulation, TNF receptor signalling and mRNA stabilization. Co‐stimulation with dsRNA and IL‐17A resulted in an accumulation of IκBζ. The synergistic upregulation of IL‐36γ and proinflammatory mediators were inhibited by IκBζ siRNA. Co‐stimulation with IL‐17A and poly(I:C) markedly activated the p38 MAPK and NF‐κB pathway, compared with poly(I:C). Blockade of p38 MAPK and NF‐κB suppressed dsRNA/IL‐17A–mediated IκBζ and IL‐36γ induction. These findings demonstrated that IL‐17A synergistically enhanced the dsRNA‐mediated IL‐36γ production through a p38 MAPK‐, NF‐κB–, and IκBζ‐dependent mechanism.