bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Territorial Knowledge Ontology as a Guide for the Identification of Resource of the Territory Toward Sustainability
Authors: Ezoji Amer , Matta Nada 
Published: July 2019

AbstractRepresentation of territorial knowledge based on the ontology is an approach which explains the nature and reasoning of this knowledge for sustainability. This research proposes an ontology of domain according to the principles for modelling an ontology. This proposed ontology is named DOTK (descriptive ontology for territorial knowledge). DOTK ontology has specialized the entities of territorial knowledge for sustainability and its aim is enhancing the sustainable knowledge of actors within industries. This ontology is a guide for identifying an operational ontology of real example. This research show that ontology of domain can assist to the identifying of tangible and intangible resources of the local territory. So, these identified resources can help the industries and territory for sustainable objectives and improve the available territorial knowledge within local or regional industries.
A Concept for Process-Oriented Interdisciplinary Tolerance Management Considering Production-Specific Deviations
Authors: Heling Bjoern , Oberleiter Thomas , Rohrmoser Andreas , Kiener Christoph , Schleich Benjamin , Hagenah Hinnerk , Merklein Marion , Willner Kai , Wartzack Sandro 
Published: July 2019

AbstractTo meet rising customer requirements, increasingly complex products have to be virtually validated. To achieve this within the framework of virtual product development, a wide range of aspects has to be taken into account. In this context, tolerance analysis has established itself as a proven tool to evaluate the consequences of geometric part deviations on geometric product characteristics. Existing approaches, however, do not sufficiently take into account production-specific deviations, leading to time-consuming iterations during the product development process. Therefore, the focus of this contribution is on process-oriented interdisciplinary tolerance management that allows the integration of manufacturing simulations into the tolerance analysis. In contrast to the conventional approach, this novel methodology allows to avoid unnecessary iterations in the context of product development and validation. Following the presentation of the novel procedure, the application on a case study of an X- ray shutter is carried out, whereby surrogate models are integrated in order to reduce the computing time.
Functional Trade-offs in the Mechanical Design of Integrated Products - Impact on Robustness and Optimisability
Authors: Sigurdarson Nökkvi S. , Eifler Tobias , Ebro Martin 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIt is generally accepted in industry and academia that trade-offs between functional design objectives are an inevitable factor in the development of mechanical systems. These trade-offs can have a large influence on the achievable robustness and performance of the final design, with many products only functioning in narrow sweet-spots between different objectives. As a result, the design process of multi- functional products can be prolonged when designers concurrently attempt to find sweet-spots between a number of potentially interdependent trade-offs. This paper will show that designers only have six different approaches available when attempting to manage a trade-off while trying to ensure robustness and a sufficient performance. These fall within one of three categories; accept, optimise, or redesign. Selecting the wrong approach, can result in consequences downstream which can be difficult to predict, amongst others a lack of robustness to geometric variation, constrained performance, and long development lead time. This points to a substantial potential in the synthesis of design methods that support the identification and management of trade-offs in early product development.
A Semi-automated Requirements Reuse and Recycling Process for Autonomous Transportation Systems R&D
Authors: Damak Youssef , Jankovic Marija , Leroy Yann , Chelbi Karim 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe R&D of Autonomous Transportation Systems (ATS) is hindered by the lack of industrial feedback and client's knowledge about technological possibilities. In addition, because of intellectual properties (IP) issues, technology consulting companies can't directly reuse developed functionalities with different clients. In this context, requirements reuse technics presents a good way to capitalize on their knowledge while avoiding IP issues. However, the literature review on requirements reuse processes doesn't propose methods to the application of reuse processes with little information about the system's operational context. In this paper, we present a semi-automated requirement reuse and recycle process for ATS R&D. The process helps designers’ copes with the lack of inputs from the clients. Requirements candidates are retrieved from a database using Natural Language Processing and traceability propagation. It is applied to 3 use cases with inputs less than 5 concepts from the client's needs. The results validate its efficiency through number requirements retrieved and the analysis time consumption
An Approach to Integrate Risk Management in Cross-structure SysML-models
Authors: Kunnen Steffen Georg , Adamenko Dmytro , Pluhnau Robin , Nagarajah Arun 
Published: July 2019

AbstractDemands on developers are increasing due to the growing complexity of products in engineering. As many different disciplines are involved in planning the communication and data exchange becomes difficult. Systems engineering and especially the model-based development have proven themselves for this sector. However, the different languages for system modeling, such as SysML, offer considerable potential for optimization. A corresponding data model must be modelled so that data is available continuously and across all levels. Based on this data model, various engineering processes like risk management can be integrated into this model. New stereotypes are defined within SysML so that errors and risks can be implemented in the system model. This makes it possible to determine influences and effects that risks and errors have on other components of a product across all structures.
Development of Virtual Pipe Simulation System for Inspection Robot Design
Authors: Miura Satoshi , Kawamura Kazuya , Fujie Masakatsu , Sugano Shigeki , Miyashita Tomoyuki 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPipe inspection robots have been developed to reduce the cost and time required for gas pipe inspection. However, these robots have been developed using a scrap and build method and are not used in practice. In this paper, we propose a method of virtual pipe inspection simulation to clarify the parameters that are important in increasing the robot's ease of use. This paper presents the results obtained by a feasibility study with regard to pipe simulation. We developed a virtual pipe by simulating eight actual turns of an external gas pipe, and a robot equipped with camera at the tip. In the experiments, three individuals working in the field of gas inspection carried out the operation. We obtained questionnaire, time, and brain activity data. The results revealed various important points that must be considered in practical simulation and robot design. In conclusion, the virtual pipe simulation can be useful in developing the design of a pipe inspection robot.
Fostering Creativity in Design - An Empirical Study on Improvement of Requirement-satisfaction with Introduction of InDeaTe Tool
Authors: Acharya Shakuntala , Bhatt Apoorv Naresh , Chakrabarti Amaresh , Nagai Yukari 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn today's highly competitive market, product success is determined by two critical factors - innovation and sustainability. While innovation looks to rampantly satisfy the consumers' ever growing requirements with creative solutions, sustainability attempts to rationalise the precarious demands of desired requirements on economy, society and environment.InDeaTe - Innovation Design database and Template, a web-based, design process guidance tool, supports design of sustainable systems by incorporating sustainability requirements into the design process. This paper investigates the potential of the tool to improve the usefulness of a design, one of the indicators of the creativity of the solutions, apart from its novelty. Comparative studies are conducted to assess the improvement of ‘requirement-satisfaction’,a proxy measure for usefulness. Upon introduction of the tool into the design process, significant improvements are reported, thereby reflecting the ability of InDeaTe to increase the usefulness of solutions and foster creativity in design.
Inconsistency Management in Heterogeneous Models - An Approach for the Identification of Model Dependencies and Potential Inconsistencies
Authors: Kattner Niklas , Bauer Harald , Basirati Mohammad R. , Zou Minjie , Brandl Felix , Vogel-Heuser Birgit , Böhm Markus , Krcmar Helmut , Reinhart Gunther , Lindemann Udo 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn today's engineering projects, interdisciplinary work leads to an increase in interfaces between different departments and domains. As each stakeholder pursues different goals and tasks, a heterogeneous model landscape is required. In each domain, a variety of different model and software implementations provide the essential basis for efficient work. On the interfaces, the risk of model inconsistencies increases. To handle occurring inconsistencies, various approaches have been presented. For model-based systems engineering projects, rule-based methods are considered as the most suitable technique. However, said approaches require a high manual effort in identifying model dependencies and establishing consistency rules. Unfortunately, in particular these steps are not well described and supported. Therefore, this paper presents an easily applicable approach for the identification of model dependencies in interdisciplinary projects. The method is supported by a software implementation and is directly integrated in engineering workflows. A first industrial case study has shown positive effects of the approach and revealed further research goals.
Simple Integration of Sensory Functions
Authors: Vogel Sven , Kirchner Eckhardt 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe digitalization of the Industry is one of the megatrends taking place, but many companies struggle to follow this trend. The main reason is the absence of simple solutions for the integration of sensory functions, which are applicable to the existing system. Therefore, this paper discusses the aspects of simplicity in the context of integrating sensory functions into existing systems, to support the development of digitalized products.Two general requirements can be formulated for a solution to be applicable simple: The first requirement is affected by the product structure. The solution must affect the least possible amount of modules and must not interfere with the interfaces of the modular platform. The second requirement is affected by the effort to model the behaviour of the desired information and the possible data a sensory function is delivering. The effort to develop a reliable solution has to be compared with the commercial potential of the solution.To consider the mentioned requirements, the paper explains three approaches to assess the simplicity of solutions on an example of the desired monitoring of the functions of a rotary plug valve.
Systematic Generation of a 3D DSM by Extracting Social Robot Behaviors from Literature
Authors: Ozer Ilayda , Erden Zuhal 
Published: July 2019

AbstractSocial robots are in direct communication and interaction with people, thus it is important to design these robots for different needs of individuals or small groups. This has revealed the need to develop design methods for personalized or mass-individualized social robots, which are expected to respond to many different needs of people today and in the future. In this paper, a previously developed 3D DSM model is implemented in the systematic conceptual design of social robot families. The model is independent of any physical elements and based on behavioural elements as perception, cognition and motoric action. The data regarding 45 different social robots from 80 articles in the literature is used to identify these three behaviours of the existing social robots and the mutual relationships among these different behaviours are defined in order to develop a 3D DSM structure to be used as a basis for designing social robot families. The resulting novel 3D DSM is a general-purpose, basic model that can be used to identify behavioural modules to design social robot families.
A Concept for Physiological User Description in the Context of Dual User Integration
Authors: Schröppel Tina , Diepold Theresia , Miehling Jörg , Wartzack Sandro 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn order to ensure the user's acceptance towards a product, the user has to be captured with all his facets and requirements. In this context, many user-centred design methods only focus on single aspects such as subjective expectation or ergonomic product design. Correlations and connections or a common consideration of several user parameters are often neglected, even if this can provide useful information for improving the design of products. Dual user integration tries to close this gap to a certain extent and considers the user's subjective expectation in combination with their physiological capacities. An integral part of this approach is a target-oriented evaluation of the user. Currently available methods of physiological and subjective evaluation of the user are only partially applicable for dual user integration. Especially physiological measurement techniques are time-consuming and expensive. For this reason, this contribution presents a new concept for capturing and describing the physiological capacity of the user via semantic differentials. Thereby, motor functions, cognition and perception are considered.
From Tinkering Methods to Design Thinking: Primordial Thoughts in Design Research
Authors: Menezes Jean Henrique de Oliveira 
Published: July 2019

AbstractDesign thinking as explored by Bernard Roth from the Stanford d.School, Roger Martin from the Rothman School of Management, and the IDEO merger trio by Tom and David Kelley, as well as current its CEO Tim Brown, dominates the narrative of the contemporary schools of design thinking since the late `90s. This article aims to investigate the underlying philosophies, authors, and events that laid the foundation in which these contemporary designers based their strategies on planning for complex environments. To satisfy this intent, the turbulent origin of design methods is explored, following the post-war environment that allowed these ideas to flourish, the generations of methods in design from the `60s to the `90s, and the encroachment of design methods to the embodiment of a commercialized design thinking methodology.
Interpretations of Design Thinking Across a Large Organization
Authors: Kosmala Martyna , van der Marel Floris , Björklund Tua 
Published: July 2019

AbstractDesign thinking has a prominent role as established corporations ramp up innovation efforts focusing on user needs. Current literature provides a plethora of definitions for design thinking with variations in tools, methods and cultures. This study aims to identify differences in perception and maturity of design thinking across different contexts within a large corporation. The results are based on a thematic analysis of nine semi-structured interviews with industrial and user experience designers in the case company, operating in different countries and three different organizational contexts: lone designers of a region, unit-embedded design team managers and global-level design managers. The results echo the literature in finding no uniform definition of design thinking. Instead, it was seen as a continuous scale of practices, cognitive approaches and mindsets aiming for stronger user-centrism in the organization. Practices and maturity varied between contexts, indicating that to strengthen the role of design in an organization, a deep understanding of the context is crucial for a successful implementation.
Reviving Everyday Products by Understanding the User Behaviour of Everyday Designing
Authors: Kim Soyoung , Yoon JungKyoon , Kim Chajoong 
Published: July 2019

AbstractEveryday Designing (ED) involves the re-use of existing products for new purposes. In order to gain an understanding of how people perceive and apply product elements as cues for everyday designing and level of appropriation when reusing product for the new purpose, an experiment was conducted. In the experiment, four everyday products were provided for repurpose. The 40 repurposed products from 10 participants were analyzed with the interviews and questionnaire. ED products were reborn with various purposes beyond the original functions of the products. The results indicate that there is a difference between perceived product elements as usual and product elements as cues for everyday designing. Materials and manipulability plays an important role in ED although form-centred perceptions were mainly observed. It seems that the product elements as ED cue and the prior experience of the product seem to affect the level of the product appropriation. Although this study has an exploratory character, it could provide design practitioners with a better understanding of users’ ED behaviour, which could contribute to discovering new insight of product and product sustainability.
Seeking Insights into an unknown Future: Exploring Designers’ Strategies to Discover Key Insights
Authors: Knudsen Line Sand , Haase Louise Møller 
Published: July 2019

AbstractInsights play a significant role in creation of new products. Insights provide the designer with an understanding of the user, market, technologies and trends, and how these might change over time. This information is critical for the designer to get an understanding of how and why present products succeed or fail. Hence, insights serve as both triggers and drivers for envisioning future products, but they are also fundamental to ensure that new products created will provide meaningful experiences to the users. In design literature, there is a significant amount of research on how to gather information about the user, market, trends, etc. However, very little research is focused on how the designer addresses this information to discover or uncover key insights. Through interviews with expert designers behind twelve products, we identified three strategies that designers use to discover insights. We found that designers search for insights that could be used to: 1) establish the product's future identity, 2) identify core challenges based on the new identity in the existing user experience and 3) identify solutions that could meet the core challenges and accentuate the new identity.
The Role of Sketching Activities and Outcomes in Conceptual Design Phase
Authors: Nikolić Marija , Škec Stanko , Martinec Tomislav , Horvat Nikola 
Published: July 2019

AbstractSketching-related activities are considered as an essential form of communication in the early phases of a design process. In the presented study, it is argued that both the sketching and the sketch-related verbalisations are reflected in the level of elaboration of the sketching outputs. Hence, a protocol study was conducted to analyse the frequencies of different sketching-related activities during team conceptual design sessions and the associated levels of elaboration for each of the sketching outputs in the form of concept drawings. The results show that although teams generate sketches of various number, complexity and clarity, there exist commonalities across the studied experiment sessions. For example, teams share a pattern of developing solutions without transformations or using lateral transformations within the first part of the sessions and using vertical transformations to produce final concepts towards the end of the sessions. Moreover, teams used associated sketch elements to start drawing new sketches and then alternated to other activities, most of all verbal explanation, for the sake of elaboration and better understanding.
Visualised Frames: How Sketching Influences Framing Behaviour in Design Teams
Authors: Yang Yujing , Brik Natalie , de Jong Peter , Guerreiro Goncalves Milene 
Published: July 2019

AbstractFraming is a crucial skill for connecting problem and solution spaces in the creative design process, both for individuals and teams. Frames are implicit in individuals’ cognitive thinking, but the creation of shared frames plays a vital role in collaborative design. Many studies have attempted to describe the framing process, but little is still known about how to support designers in framing, specifically in teams. This paper addresses this gap, by exploring the connection between sketching and framing within interdisciplinary teams. Following a qualitative and explorative approach, we have investigated the process and outcome of five interdisciplinary teams. We identified that sketching assists in the creation and elaboration of frames. Furthermore, in tandem with discussion and reflection, sketching helps increase the chance of a frame to survive within the design process. Our findings have practical and educational implications for improving the creative design process in interdisciplinary teams.
Game-Based Learning of Knowledge Reuse in Engineering Education
Authors: Stenholm Daniel , Bergsjö Dag , Catic Amer 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis paper presents an educational game fostering a new experience-based approach to teaching knowledge transfer using a codification strategy alone. The goal is to address and highlight some common issues and challenges that occur during knowledge transfer in product development and that are often difficult for especially students to grasp through exclusively a theoretical teaching approach. The game is introduced to 60 students in the final year of their Master's curriculum. In parallel, the game has been applied in a similar setting in a comparable higher educational institution, as well as in a product development organization.“Sometimes you win—other times you lose and learn.”
An Inventory of Creative Spaces: Innovative Organizations and their Workspace
Authors: Thoring Katja , Mueller Roland M. , Badke-Schaub Petra , Desmet Pieter 
Published: July 2019

AbstractCreative workspaces are becoming popular in many organizations. They are believed to support innovation efforts and creativity among employees. This paper presents spatial evidences of creative work environments from real-life organizations, based on an exploratory multi-case study in 18 institutions. The found workspaces were mapped and categorized according to the qualities they might provide for affecting creativity. The resulting inventory of creative spaces contributes to the emerging interest on creative workspace design by presenting inspiring best-practice examples. The shown examples provide the readers with a better understanding how a creative space could be designed in order to provide an environment for an innovative organisation. Related literature was added to explain the possible impact of specific spatial configurations.