bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High‐speed intra‐operative assessment of breast tumour margins by multimodal ultrasound and photoacoustic tomography
Authors: Li Rui , Lan Lu , Xia Yan , Wang Pu , Han Linda K. , Dunnington Gary L. , Obeng‐Gyasi Samilia , Sandusky George E. , Medley Jennifer A. , Crook Susan T. , Cheng Ji‐Xin 
Published: October 2018

AbstractConventional methods for breast tumour margins assessment need a long turnaround time, which may lead to re‐operation for patients undergoing lumpectomy surgeries. Photoacoustic tomography (PAT) has been shown to visualize adipose tissue in small animals and human breast. Here, we demonstrate a customized multimodal ultrasound and PAT system for intra‐operative breast tumour margins assessment using fresh lumpectomy specimens from 66 patients. The system provides the margin status of the entire excised tissue within 10 min. By subjective reading of three researchers, the results show 85.7% [95% confidence interval (CI), 42.0–99.2] sensitivity and 84.6% (95% CI, 53.7–97.3) specificity, 71.4% (95% CI, 30.3–94.9) sensitivity and 92.3% (95% CI, 62.1–99.6) specificity and 100% (95% CI, 56.1–100) sensitivity and 53.9% (95% CI, 26.1–79.6) specificity, respectively, when cross‐correlated with post‐operational histology. Furthermore, a machine learning‐based algorithm is deployed for margin assessment in the challenging ductal carcinoma in situ tissues and achieved 85.5% (95% CI, 75.2–92.2) sensitivity and 90% (95% CI, 79.9–95.5) specificity. Such results present the potential of using multimodal ultrasound and PAT as a high‐speed and accurate method for intra‐operative breast tumour margins evaluation.
A reduced basis approach to large‐scale pseudospectra computation
Authors: Sirković Petar 
Published: October 2018

SummaryFor studying spectral properties of a nonnormal matrix
, information about its spectrum σ(A) alone is usually not enough. Effects of perturbations on σ(A) can be studied by computing ε‐pseudospectra, i.e. the level sets of the resolvent norm function
. The computation of ε‐pseudospectra requires determining the smallest singular values
for all z on a portion of the complex plane. In this work, we propose a reduced basis approach to pseudospectra computation, which provides highly accurate estimates of pseudospectra in the region of interest, in particular, for pseudospectra estimates in isolated parts of the spectrum containing few eigenvalues of A. It incorporates the sampled singular vectors of zI − A for different values of z, and implicitly exploits their smoothness properties. It provides rigorous upper and lower bounds for the pseudospectra in the region of interest. In addition, we propose a domain splitting technique for tackling numerically more challenging examples. We present a comparison of our algorithms to several existing approaches on a number of numerical examples, showing that our approach provides significant improvement in terms of computational time.
Sliding mode control of time‐varying delay Markov jump with quantized output
Authors: Zhang Hainan , Shen Mouquan 
Published: October 2018

SummaryThis paper investigates the quantized sliding mode control of Markov jump systems with time‐varying delay. A dynamical adjustment law is explored to quantize the system output. By constructing an observer‐based integral sliding surface, a sliding mode controller is designed to take over the dynamical motion of state estimation and ensure the reachability of sliding surface. A new scaling manner is developed to build the bound between the system output and quantized error. With the help of separation strategies for controller synthesis and general transition probabilities and a lower bound theorem for nonlinear integral terms, a new synthesis method to ensure the required stability and meet the required
performance is proposed in the form of linear matrix inequalities. The validity of the proposed control method is illustrated by a numerical example.
Waging Paperfare: Subverting the Damage of Extractive Capitalism in Kakadu
Authors: Lea Tess , Howey Kirsty , O'Brien Justin 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTDrawing on campaigns waged and administrative burdens managed by the Gundjeihmi Aboriginal Corporation (GAC) in Kakadu National Park to manage the effects of existing uranium mining and further proposed mining, this article draws attention to some of the techniques and coalitions that GAC has created to manage its would‐be managers. It uses the case of monitoring the operations and particularly the rehabilitation of the Ranger Uranium mine and of halting the opening of a second mine, known as Jabiluka, to consider the less conspicuous paperwork battles that take place amid and in the aftermath of these public battles. In considering these contests, we argue that the double valency of holding to account needs to be considered, to avoid dichotomising Indigenous people as either co‐opted by or opposed to administration, a bifurcation which fails to recognize the complexity and inevitability of contemporary Indigenous management regimes. This is neither a celebration of Indigenous counter‐administration, nor a false positing of Aboriginal alternatives to institutionalized worlds. Concluding, we note that when the organizational toil of drawing the locus of power in decision‐making towards Aboriginal interests is made apparent, the notion that there is an alternative to institutionalized forces of settler colonialism, represented by Indigenous resistance, is complicated. We mark this organizational work as evidencing the unrelenting nature of administrative violence under active colonization.
Synthesis and self‐assembly of multiple‐responsive magnetic nanogels
Authors: Yao Haiyang , Li Xueting , Shi Xiaodi , Qiu Gao , Lu Xihua 
Published: October 2018

In this paper, temperature and pH‐sensitive interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) nanogels (NGs) were firstly prepared, and magnetic hybrid NGs were made through in‐situ precipitation of Fe2+ and Fe3+ into the IPN NGs. Under the optimized condition, the resulting hybrid NG dispersion with up to 17.3 wt% magnetite was stable, while the size distribution of the NGs is broad due to the formation of Fe3O4 nanoparticles outside the NGs. In order to synthesize relatively uniform magnetic NGs, magnetite content was reduced to 8.1 wt% magnetite. The NGs with 8.1 wt% magnetite can quickly self‐assemble into colloidal crystals induced by magnet, while such NGs slowly self‐assembled into colloidal crystals without external magnetic field. Furthermore, the reflection wavelength of the self‐assembled magnetic NGs showed red‐shift with increasing pH and temperature.
High school bystanders motivation and response during bias‐based bullying
Authors: Williams Amanda J. , Banks Courtney S. , Blake Jamilia J. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBias‐based bullying focused on sexual orientation or gender identity in schools has significant negative implications for the academic, social, and emotional well‐being of students who identify as lesbian, gay, or bisexual, or who are perceived to behave in gender nonconforming ways. Despite empirical support for the influence of bystander behavior can have on school bullying, information about bystander behavior during bias‐based bullying remains limited. Using a thematic narrative analysis, this study analyzed high school students’ perceptions of bystander behavior in their school. Results suggest bystanders are observed to enact a range of responses that fall into three categories: (a) passive avoidance, (b) victim support, or (c) joining the bullying situation. Furthermore, the motivation of bystanders was described within the themes of (a) fear, (b) individual characteristics, (c) relationships, and (d) personal experience. By drawing from the daily lived experiences of adolescents, the current study offers greater insight into youth perspective on how future strategies could address bias‐based bullying in schools. This study is foundational to increase the ecological validity of efforts to quantify bias‐based bullying.
Attachment and pedagogical relevant practices as elements of a successful alternative school through the narratives of its students
Authors: Amitay Gila , Rahav Giora 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAffective engagement to school is a precondition for success among at‐risk students who are learning in successful alternative high schools, which provide a second chance for schooling. Attachment is a well‐known main characteristic of successful alternative schools. Yet while research indicated overwhelmingly positive psychosocial outcomes, academic outcomes of alternative schools yield mixed results. The current study investigated the narratives of the students who attend a successful alternative second‐chance arts school. Our main purpose was to refine the main best practices for success as they reflect from students' narratives and to refine a theoretical model to illustrate these practices. The research consisted of 49 semistructured interviews with 36 students from all grade levels and internships of school.The results portray profound accounts of practices that enhance attachment to school and holistic pedagogical practices as two main essential practices, conceived by the interviewees that construct a genuine second chance when the two are intertwined. Enhancing attachment in a variety of methods and applying holistic pedagogical practices reduce school alienation and enhance success as they interact with one another. A theoretical model is presented to display the findings. Theoretical and practical implementations are discussed as essential for future policies regarding at risk youth for dropout.
Unveiling Mesoporous Graphitic Carbon Nitride as a High Performance Electrode Material for Supercapacitors
Authors: Idris Mustapha B. , Sappani Devaraj 
Published: October 2018

AbstractSynthesis of mesoporous graphitic carbon nitride (MGCN) by soft template method is still challenging and its application as an electrode material for supercapacitor remains unexplored. Herein, we introduce MGCN as an electrode material for supercapacitors. MGCN is synthesized by facile direct carbonization of methylolated surfactant‐polymer composite and bulk graphitic carbon nitride (BGCN) is synthesized under similar condition but in the absence of surfactant. MGCN displays excellent capacitance properties in 1 M H2SO4 electrolyte with a specific capacitance as high as 279 F g−1 at a current density of 0.25 A g−1. It also exhibits good rate capability and outstanding cycling stability with excellent coulombic efficiency of 100% over 5000 cycles. This superior capacitive storage performance is attributed to the high surface area, easily accessible mesopores and high pyridinic nitrogen content. High surface area and uniform pores of MGCN provide more active sites for charge storage and reduce diffusion path length for ions while high pyridinic nitrogen enhanced the overall specific capacitance by surface Faradaic reaction.
Hyperbranched Polyurethane‐Supported Pd‐Ag@CQD Nanocomposite: A High Performing Heterogeneous Catalyst
Authors: Bayan Rajarshi , Karak Niranjan 
Published: October 2018

AbstractPolymer nanocomposites designed especially for catalytic application is a relatively unexplored domain in material chemistry as well as synthetic organic chemistry. The current work strives on crafting high performance hyperbranched polymer nanocomposites with catalytic properties for direct organic transformations. Herein, a bio‐derived aliphatic hyperbranched polyurethane (HPU) was fabricated with bimetallic palladium‐silver‐carbon dot (Pd−Ag@CQD) nanohybrid by in situ polymerization technique. Different compositions of the nanocomposite were prepared by varying the loading of nanohybrid. Analytical techniques like FT‐IR, PXRD, TEM, TGA and DSC were utilized for characterization of the nanocomposites. The bimetallic nanohybrid in unison with carbonaceous CQDs was found to be poly‐dispersed in the HPU matrix. The combination of the bimetallic‐cum‐carbonaceous nanohybrid with HPU provided significant improvement of mechanical properties like tensile strength (2.2 fold), elongation at break (1.19 fold), toughness (3.0 fold) etc. over pristine HPU. The bimetallic nanohybrid‐supported nanocomposites also demonstrated vastly enhanced thermal stability (above 300 °C). The nanocomposites demonstrated loading‐dependent enhancement of mechanical and thermal properties. The HPU‐supported Pd−Ag@CQD nanocomposite displayed exceptional efficiency (100% conversions, 30–60 min) as a robust and recyclable catalyst (upto 10 cycles) for rapid oxidative ipso‐hydroxylation of aryl boronic acids to yield corresponding phenols. The poly‐dispersion of Pd−Ag@CQD in HPU offered multiple nano‐reactive sites, while superior mechanical properties of HPU‐supported bimetallic nanocomposites provided stability, heterogeneity and sustainability. The current catalytic protocol presents a facile route for preparation of phenols and its derivatives and can be suitable for opening up new avenues for large‐scale applications.
Application of Curcumin as Ligand in [Pd(Curc‐H)2] Catalyst for Carbon‐Carbon Bond Formation in Heck and Suzuki Coupling Reactions
Authors: Bhange Dattatraya S. , Rasal Nishant K. , Sonawane Rahul B. , Jagtap Sangeeta V. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe Pd‐II catalysed C−C bond formation Heck and Suzuki coupling reactions with moderate to excellent yields are reported, using curcumin as ligand, which is extracted from turmeric powder. The application of curcumin based [Pd(Curc‐H)2] catalyst in organic synthesis tested here, is the novelty of this protocol. This novel, highly efficient and simple protocol shows a broad substrate scope for aryl halides, substituted alkenes and phenyl boronic acid as coupling partners.
Base‐Promoted Cycloisomerization for the Synthesis of Indolizines and Related Heterocycles
Authors: Xiao Ke , Zhu Congjun , Lin Maohua , Song Chuanjun , Chang Junbiao 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe base‐mediated 5‐exo‐dig type cyclization reaction of homopropargyl pyridines for the construction of indolizines has been reported for the first time. A variety of indolizine derivatives could be obtained in moderate to excellent isolated yields by treatment of homopropargyl pryidines with cesium carbonate in DMSO at 100 °C. This strategy could also be adapted to the synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2‐a]quinolines and pyrrolo[1,2‐a]pyrimidines from the corresponding homopropargylquinolines and homopropargylpyrimidines, respectively. The mechanism involves α C−H deprotonation, 5‐exo‐dig cyclization, and isomerization of the exocyclic double bond to provide the heteroaromatic system. The transformation reported herein does not require the aid of transition metal catalysts or halogens, and is thus environmentally friendly.
Copper‐Catalyzed Direct Amination of Aryl C–H Bonds with Alkylamines via Bidentate Chelation Assistance from 8‐Aminoquinoline Motif at Room Temperature
Authors: Sambasiva Rao Naidu , Manohar Reddy Ganapam , Harihara Sarma Maheswaran 
Published: October 2018

AbstractWe report a novel, versatile method for Cu(I)‐catalyzed direct amination of N‐quinolylbenzocarboxamides at the aryl group with alkylamines at ortho sp2‐C−H bond with assistance from 8‐aminoquinoline motif and for as many as 27 substrate combinations at room temperature under neat conditions in the presence of air without requiring any base or additives.
SMArDT modeling for automotive software testing
Authors: Drave Imke , Hillemacher Steffen , Greifenberg Timo , Kriebel Stefan , Kusmenko Evgeny , Markthaler Matthias , Orth Philipp , Salman Karin Samira , Richenhagen Johannes , Rumpe Bernhard , Schulze Christoph , von Wenckstern Michael , Wortmann Andreas 
Published: October 2018

SummaryEfficient testing is a crucial prerequisite to engineer reliable automotive software successfully. However, manually deriving test cases from ambiguous textual requirements is costly and error‐prone. Model‐based software engineering captures requirements in structured, comprehensible, and formal models, which enables early consistency checking and verification. Moreover, these models serve as an indispensable basis for automated test case derivation. To facilitate automated test case derivation for automotive software engineering, we conducted a survey with testing experts of the BMW Group and conceived a method to extend the BMW Group's specification method for requirements, design, and test methodology by model‐based test case derivation. Our method is realized for a variant of systems modeling language activity diagrams tailored toward testing automotive software and a model transformation to derive executable test cases. Hereby, we can address many of the surveyed practitioners' challenges and ultimately facilitate quality assurance for automotive software.
The cross anomalous dimension in maximally supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory
Authors: Münkler Hagen 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe cross or soft anomalous dimension matrix describes the renormalization of Wilson loops with a self-intersection and is an important object in the study of infrared divergences of scattering amplitudes. In this paper it is studied for the Maldacena-Wilson loop in$$ \mathcal{N}=4 $$N=4supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory and Euclidean kinematics. We consider both the strong-coupling description in terms of minimal surfaces in AdS5as well as the weak-coupling side up to the two-loop level. In either case, the coefficients of the cross anomalous dimension matrix can be expressed in terms of the cusp anomalous dimension. The strong-coupling description displays a Gross-Ooguri phase transition and we argue that the cross anomalous dimension is an interesting object to study in an integrability-based approach.
Labour Market Participation After Emergency Laparotomy: A Nationwide Cohort Study with Long‐Term Follow‐Up
Authors: Thygesen Lau Caspar , Gögenur Ismail 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBackgroundMany patients who undergo emergency laparotomy are working, which is a key determinant for an individual’s socio‐economic status and financial security. The objectives of this study were to compare labour market participation and sick leave in a nationwide patient population undergoing non‐malignant emergency resections with a matched reference population.MethodsThis nationwide prospective cohort study included all patients aged 18+ years undergoing emergency laparotomy for non‐malignant disease resulting in intestinal resections, ostomy or drainage at Danish hospitals 2003–2014 and who were active on the labour market (n = 2895). We included a sex‐ and age‐matched reference population (n = 11,422) and followed all persons in nationwide registers. We used survival analyses and logistic regression.ResultsThe proportion of people active in the labour market was 85% and 66% 1 and 2 years after surgery compared to 96% and 79% among the reference population. The hazard ratio of dropout was 1.15 (95% CI 1.05–1.25, p = 0.002) among patients compared to reference population. Increased dropout was observed for disability pension (2.58; 2.14–3.11; p < 0.0001), while patients did not have increased rate of age‐related pensions. The proportion on sick leave was 66% the month following surgery compared to 3–4% among references. The proportion decreased thereafter but was higher up to 3 years after surgery.ConclusionsThis nationwide study including all patients undergoing resections demonstrated marked increase in disability pensioning and sick leave after surgery compared to a matched reference group. This supports the need for interventions and programmes during hospital stay and after discharge focusing on labour market participation.
Mediating Solutions to Territorial Civil Wars in Africa: Norms, Interests, and Major Power Leverage
Authors: Duursma Allard 
Published: October 2018

Abstract:This article draws on the concept of “identity interests” to explain why commitment to the territorial integrity norm in the context of African peace processes has persisted over such a long period of time, even as continental and international contexts have changed. One major implication of this commitment to the territorial integrity norm is that third parties involved in peacemaking in Africa have consistently refrained from promoting a negotiated settlement that might pave the way for independence; they have only pushed for a territorial revision in a few instances. The role of major powers has been crucial with regard to the few successful territorial changes in Africa since 1960. An overview of all outcomes of mediation in territorial intrastate conflicts in Africa—as well as seven case studies—support this argument.
Pistis, fides, and propositional belief
Authors: HOWARD-SNYDER DANIEL 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIn my contribution to the symposium on Teresa Morgan's Roman Faith and Christian Faith, I set the stage for three questions. First, in the Graeco-Roman view, when you put/maintain faith in someone, is the cognitive aspect of your faith compatible with scepticism about the relevant propositions? Second, did some of the New Testament authors think that one could put/maintain faith in God while being sceptical about the relevant propositions? Third, in her private writings, Saint Teresa of Calcutta described herself as living by faith and yet not believing; even so, by all appearances, she was an exemplar of faith in God. Would people during the period of your study tend to see her as an exemplar of faith in God?
HOW BAR CODED MEDICATION ADMINISTRATION TECHNOLOGY AFFECTS THE NURSE–PATIENT RELATIONSHIPS: AN ETHNOGRAPHIC STUDY
Authors: Boonen Marcel , Vosman Frans J.H. , Niemeijer Alistair 
Published: October 2018

Objectives:This study aims to assess how care is mediated through technology by analyzing the interaction between nurses, patients, and a Bar Coded Medication Administration (BCMA) system. The objective is to explore how patients experience care through medication technology, with the main focus of our observations and interviews on nurses rather than patients.Methods:A qualitative ethnographic study was conducted in an orthopedic ward of a Dutch general hospital.Results:After analyses, the following two themes were discerned: (i) the use of bar code medication technology organizes double institutionalization, and (ii) nurses frequently need to work around the BCMA, as the system is not always supportive of patient needs.Conclusions:The results of this study indicate that BCMA is not merely a neutral tool, but an active component within the nurse–patient relationship, as it influences medication administration and profoundly affects patient participation in the care process.