bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design of dual band MIMO antenna with improved isolation
Authors: Pasumarthi Srinivasa Rao , Kamili Jagadeesh Babu , Avala Mallikarjuna Prasad 
Published: March 2019

AbstractA compact dual band multiple input and multiple output (MIMO) antenna was proposed. It resonates at 5.93 and 7.68 GHz. A 2 × 1 MIMO antenna with edge to edge distance of λ0/25 (f = 5.93 GHz) developed and its performance is evaluated in terms of mutual coupling using three techniques: (a) defected ground structure (DGS), (b) asymmetrical coplanar strips (ACPS), and (c) combination of DGS and ACPS. Results show that with DGS mutual coupling (S21) is reduced by −30.61 dB at 5.93 GHz and −29.5 dB at 7.68 GHz. Using ACPS mutual coupling (S21) is reduced by −27.91 dB at 5.93 GHz and −47 dB at 7.68 GHz. With ACPS and DGS mutual coupling (S21) is reduced by −58 dB at 5.93 GHz and −28.65 dB at 7.68 GHz. Its performance is also evaluated in terms of radiation patterns, VSWR, envelope correlation coefficient, and diversity gain.
Predictors of psychological distress in low‐income mothers over the first postpartum year
Authors: Adynski Harry , Zimmer Catherine , Thorp John , Santos Hudson P 
Published: March 2019

AbstractUp to 25% of postpartum women experience psychological distress including stress, depressive, or anxiety symptoms during the postpartum period. The purpose of this study was to explore the extent to which social determinants of health and allostatic load score, a 10‐item index of biologic measures of chronic stress, predict psychological distress in low‐income pregnant women over the first postpartum year. We conducted a secondary data analysis of the Child Community Health Research Network data set. The psychological distress outcome variables were perceived stress (n = 842), depression (
n = 845), and anxiety (
n = 846) symptoms, all measured categorically over the first year postpartum (T1:1 month, T2: 24–29 weeks, and T3: 50–65 weeks). Our predictors were social determinants of health (e.g., demographics, maternal hardship, percent poverty level, interpersonal violence, and food security) and allostatic load score. Generalized linear mixed models were used to determine which predictors were significantly associated with psychological distress symptoms across the first postpartum year. Interpersonal violence was a statistically significant risk factor for stress, depression, and anxiety symptoms over the first year postpartum. Other significant risk factors included low‐income level, nativity, and perceived food security. Receiving food stamps was a significant protective factor for stress symptoms. The significance of risk factors for psychological distress, both modifiable and nonmodifiable, can be used as potential targets for further research, screening, and intervention. Future work should explore why and in what conditions these risk factors vary over time.
Palaeodiet inferred from pre‐Hispanic and early colonial human remains from Carrizales, Zaña Valley, Peru
Authors: Turner Bethany L. , VanValkenburgh Parker , Lee Kristina E. , Schaefer Benjamin J. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThis study utilises multi‐isotopic analysis to reconstruct diet and source‐water consumption from human remains collected at Carrizales, in the Zaña Valley of northern coastal Peru. Carrizales is a multicomponent site that encompasses the remains of (a) Early Intermediate Period (200–800 CE) cemeteries (Conjuntos 126 and 127), (b) Late Sicán/Lambayeque period (ca. 1100–1350 CE) domestic occupations (Conjuntos 125, 128, and 131), and (c) a planned town (reducción) into which indigenous people were resettled under Spanish rule, ca. 1572 CE (Conjunto 123). Faunal and botanical assemblages at the site differ significantly between the Late Sicán/Lambayeque and early colonial phases, suggesting a distinct shift in local subsistence regimes following Spanish colonisation and resettlement.Human remains were collected from Carrizales for the characterisation of dietary isotopes and further examination of the impacts of Spanish colonialism on native foodways. Carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen isotope values were characterised in the enamel carbonate, bone carbonate, and bone collagen of individuals associated with Early Intermediate Period contexts (N = 4) and the late 16th century chapel within the site's reducción (N = 21). Over half of the study sample failed to produce viable bone collagen, an issue that is common in bioarchaeological samples from the north coast of Peru. However, among those with viable bone collagen and carbonate, there were minimal differences in δ13C, δ18O, and δ15N values between the two phases. This extends to values in enamel carbonate, which is highly resistant to diagenesis. Therefore, patterns in isotope values do not mirror the significant differences manifest in food remains from Carrizales. We suggest that (a) the diets of Early Intermediate Period individuals and Early Colonial period individuals buried at the site were quite similar, contrasting with the patterns indicated by Late Intermediate Period food remains, and (b) both populations obtained water from similar sources—a pattern that reinforces the characterisation of reducción in the Zaña Valley as a relatively local phenomenon in which nearby populations were concentrated into planned towns, rather than drawn from distant valleys.
Indigenous peoples’ habitation history drives present‐day forest biodiversity in British Columbia's coastal temperate rainforest
Authors: Fisher Julia A. , Shackelford Nancy , Hocking Morgan D. , Trant Andrew J. , Starzomski Brian M. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Long‐term human habitation has transformed the earth's surface. The combination of time and complex human–environment interactions in remote regions of North America has likely resulted in modified landscapes, though we often consider these regions free of human influence due to the absence of industrial development.

We examined long‐term impacts of human resource‐use on British Columbia's coastal rainforest communities. We focused on the region's widespread habitation sites with extensive shell middens to test the legacy of ancient human occupation in present‐day plant communities.

Ten habitation sites and 10 control sites in similar locales were selected for floristic surveys and soil sampling. We tested whether plant communities at habitation sites reflected a ‘cultural plant‐use legacy’, with greater presence of culturally significant plant species, and/or a ‘marine nutrient subsidy legacy’ from human use, with increases in species that prefer nutrient‐rich soils.

We found that the habitation sites had different plant assemblages than the control sites and were dominated by plants with both higher nutrient requirements and cultural significance. We demonstrate that long‐term occupation has led to strong differences in plant community structure between sites, countering the notion that this is a pristine landscape. We emphasize the value of interdisciplinary approaches and considering past human resource‐use when examining current plant communities.

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Development and validation of a 5‐year mortality prediction model using regularized regression and Medicare data
Authors: Lund Jennifer L. , Kuo Tzy‐Mey , Brookhart M. Alan , Meyer Anne‐Marie , Dalton Alexandra F. , Kistler Christine E. , Wheeler Stephanie B. , Lewis Carmen L. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractPurposeDe‐implementation of low‐value services among patients with limited life expectancy is challenging. Robust mortality prediction models using routinely collected health care data can enhance health care stakeholders' ability to identify populations with limited life expectancy. We developed and validated a claims‐based prediction model for 5‐year mortality using regularized regression methods.MethodsMedicare beneficiaries age 66 or older with an office visit and at least 12 months of pre‐visit continuous Medicare A/B enrollment were identified in 2008. Five‐year mortality was assessed through 2013. Secondary outcomes included 30‐, 90‐, and 180‐day and 1‐year mortality. Claims‐based predictors, including comorbidities and indicators of disability, frailty, and functional impairment, were selected using regularized logistic regression, applying the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) in a random 80% training sample. Model performance was assessed and compared with the Gagne comorbidity score in the 20% validation sample.ResultsOverall, 183 204 (24%) individuals died. In addition to demographics, 161 indicators of comorbidity and function were included in the final model. In the validation sample, the c‐statistic was 0.825 (0.823‐0.828). Median‐predicted probability of 5‐year mortality was 14%; almost 4% of the cohort had a predicted probability greater than 80%. Compared with the Gagne score, the LASSO model led to improved 5‐year mortality classification (net reclassification index = 9.9%; integrated discrimination index = 5.2%).ConclusionsOur claims‐based model predicting 5‐year mortality showed excellent discrimination and calibration, similar to the Gagne score model, but resulted in improved mortality classification. Regularized regression is a feasible approach for developing prediction tools that could enhance health care research and evaluation of care quality.
Identification of gene expression logical invariants in Arabidopsis
Authors: Pandey Sonalisa , Sahoo Debashis 
Published: March 2019

AbstractNumerous gene expression datasets from diverse tissue samples from the plant variety Arabidopsis thaliana have been already deposited in the public domain. There have been several attempts to do large scale meta‐analyses of all of these datasets. Most of these analyses summarize pairwise gene expression relationships using correlation, or identify differentially expressed genes in two conditions. We propose here a new large scale meta‐analysis of the publicly available Arabidopsis datasets to identify Boolean logical relationships between genes. Boolean logic is a branch of mathematics that deals with two possible values. In the context of gene expression datasets we use qualitative high and low expression values. A strong logical relationship between genes emerges if at least one of the quadrants is sparsely populated. We pointed out serious issues in the data normalization steps widely accepted and published recently in this context. We put together a web resource where gene expression relationships can be explored online which helps visualize the logical relationships between genes. We believe that this website will be useful in identifying important genes in different biological context. The web link is http://hegemon.ucsd.edu/plant/.
A PEX5 missense allele preferentially disrupts PTS1 cargo import into Arabidopsis peroxisomes
Authors: Patel Khushali J. , Kao Yun‐Ting , Llinas Roxanna J. , Bartel Bonnie 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe sorting of eukaryotic proteins to various organellar destinations requires receptors that recognize cargo protein targeting signals and facilitate transport into the organelle. One such receptor is the peroxin PEX5, which recruits cytosolic cargo carrying a peroxisome‐targeting signal (PTS) type 1 (PTS1) for delivery into the peroxisomal lumen (matrix). In plants and mammals, PEX5 is also indirectly required for peroxisomal import of proteins carrying a PTS2 signal because PEX5 binds the PTS2 receptor, bringing the associated PTS2 cargo to the peroxisome along with PTS1 cargo. Despite PEX5 being the PTS1 cargo receptor, previously identified Arabidopsis pex5 mutants display either impairment of both PTS1 and PTS2 import or defects only in PTS2 import. Here, we report the first Arabidopsis pex5 mutant with an exclusive PTS1 import defect. In addition to markedly diminished GFP‐PTS1 import and decreased pex5‐2 protein accumulation, this pex5‐2 mutant shows typical peroxisome‐related defects, including inefficient β‐oxidation and reduced growth. Growth at reduced or elevated temperatures ameliorated or exacerbated pex5‐2 peroxisome‐related defects, respectively, without markedly changing pex5‐2 protein levels. In contrast to the diminished PTS1 import, PTS2 processing was only slightly impaired and PTS2‐GFP import appeared normal in pex5‐2. This finding suggests that even minor peroxisomal localization of the PTS1 protein DEG15, the PTS2‐processing protease, is sufficient to maintain robust PTS2 processing.
Factors associated with intentions for breast cancer risk management: Does risk group matter?
Authors: Conley Claire C. , Agnese Doreen M. , Vadaparampil Susan T. , Andersen Barbara L. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractObjectiveNational guidelines provide breast cancer (BC) risk management recommendations based on estimated lifetime risk. Despite this specificity, it is unclear if women's risk management intentions are or are not guideline concordant. To address this knowledge gap, women at varying risk levels reported intentions for risk‐reducing behaviors. Factors associated with intentions, informed by the Health Beliefs Model, were also studied.MethodsWomen with elevated BC risk (N = 103) were studied and categorized by risk level: moderate (15%‐20%), high (greater than or equal to 20%), or very high (BRCA1/2 positive). Participants self‐reported BC susceptibility, self‐efficacy, and benefits, barriers, and intentions for risk‐reducing mastectomy (RRM), risk‐reducing salpingo‐oophorectomy (RRSO), chemoprevention, improving diet or physical activity, and reducing alcohol use.ResultsGroups significantly differed in RRSO intentions (P < .01); BRCA1/2 positive women had greater intentions for RRSO. Groups did not differ in intentions for RRM, chemoprevention, or lifestyle changes (Ps > .28). In hierarchical linear regression models examining Health Belief Model (HBM) factors, perceived susceptibility was associated with intentions for RRM (β = .169, P = .08). Perceived benefits was associated with intentions for RRM (β = .237, P = .02) and chemoprevention (β = .388, P < .01). Self‐efficacy was associated with intentions for physical activity (β = .286, P < .01).ConclusionsConsistent with guidelines, BRCA1/2 positive women reported greater intentions for RRSO, and risk groups did not differ in intentions for lifestyle changes. Notably, women's intentions for RRM and chemoprevention were guideline discordant; groups did not differ in intentions for these behaviors. Accounting for the effects of risk group, modifiable health beliefs were also associated with risk management intentions; these may represent targets for decision support interventions.
Defective Pt–Ni/graphene nanomaterials by simultaneous or sequential treatments of organometallic precursors by low‐pressure oxygen plasma
Authors: da Silva Pires Mathieu , Haye Emile , Zubiaur Anthony , Job Nathalie , Pireaux Jean‐Jacques , Houssiau Laurent , Busby Yan 
Published: March 2019

AbstractA strategy to reduce critical raw metals in nanocatalysts is to synthesize nanocomposites based on defective or bimetallic nanoparticles deposition on carbon nanomaterials. Conventional solution‐based methods suffer from the extensive use of solvents and difficult scalability. In this study, defective Pt–Ni nanoparticles are formed on graphene nanoplatelets thanks to an original approach based on simultaneous or sequential low‐temperature oxygen plasma treatments of nickel and platinum acetylacetonates. The two processing conditions produce aggregated Pt–Ni nanoparticles with variable morphologies, size crystallinities, and oxidation states. The materials analytical characterizations show that the sequential treatment promotes small Pt–Ni particle aggregates nucleation, while the simultaneous treatment leads to complex interconnected Pt–Ni‐based phases. Such defective nanoparticles are promising for multiple applications in catalysis and energy.
Is quality of life related to risk of falling, fear of falling, and functional status in patients with hip arthroplasty?
Authors: Buker Nihal , Eraslan Umut , Kitis Ali , Kiter Ahmet Esat , Akkaya Semih , Sutcu Gulsah 
Published: March 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of the study was to investigate the relation between health‐related quality of life and risk of falling, fear of falling, and functional status in patients with hip arthroplasty.MethodsIn this cross‐sectional study, 48 hips of 45 patients who aged between 33 and 79 (53.56 ± 12.50) years and had cementless total hip arthroplasty between 2010 and 2014 were evaluated. Twenty‐seven of the patients participated in the study were female (60.0%) and 18 were male (40.0%). Health‐related quality of life with Nottingham Health Profile, function of the hip joint with Harris Hip Score, risk of falling with Performance‐Oriented Motion Assessment I, and fear of falling with Falls Efficacy Scale were assessed. In addition, chair stand test, 40‐m walk test, stair‐climb test, and single leg stance test were carried out. In analysing the relationships between these parameters, Pearson correlation analysis was employed. The level of significance was considered as p < 0.05.ResultsAmong the cases, who were evaluated 87.10 ± 45.22 (22.43–214.71) weeks after the operation, a significant correlation was found between health‐related quality of life and risk of falling, function of hip joint, and functional tests (p < 0.05).ConclusionThe evaluation of the factors related to health‐related quality of life in hip arthroplasty patients may help identify patient needs and guide the rehabilitation process.
Synthesis, stability and insecticidal activity of 2‐arylstilbenes
Authors: Horty Lindsey G , Daeuble John F , Castetter Scott , Olson Monica B , Wessels Frank J , Wang Nick X 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTBackgroundA chemical scaffold‐hopping approach from known 3‐hydroxyl‐3‐methylglutaryl‐CoA (HMG‐CoA) reductase inhibitors identified (E/Z)‐2‐arylstilbenes as novel insecticidal hits against two lepidopteran species, Spodoptera exigua and Trichoplusia ni. A structure–activity relationship (SAR) study of the aryl substituents and the E/Z conformations was carried out in an effort to improve insecticidal potency.ResultsA series of (E/Z)‐2‐arylstilbenes was prepared and separated to evaluate their insecticidal potency against lepidopterous species in diet‐feeding assays. The results showed that the (Z)‐2‐arylstilbenes were more active than their corresponding (E)‐isomers, and a stereoselective synthesis was utilized to expand the SAR of the (Z)‐2‐arylstilbenes. (Z)‐4'‐Fluoro‐3′‐methyl‐2‐(2,4‐difluorostyryl)‐4‐fluoro‐5‐methoxy‐1,1′‐biphenyl was the most potent analog in this study with strong activity against S. exigua, T. ni, Helicoverpa zea, Plutella xylostella and Pseudoplusia includens.ConclusionThe (Z)‐2‐arylstilbenes were found to have strong insecticidal potency against five lepidopteran species. Ultimately, synthetic efforts could not improve insecticidal potency to commercial levels, and a lack of UV stability led to efforts being discontinued. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Eco‐friendly rhamnolipid based fungicides for protection of soybeans from Phytophthora sojae
Authors: Sancheti Ashwin , Ju Lu‐Kwang 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDExcessive use of chemical fungicides over the years for plant pathogen control has caused unwanted damage to non‐target organisms and resistance buildup in the target organisms. These harmful effects have prompted the industry to look for more sustainable and eco‐friendly solutions. Rhamnolipid is a naturally occurring surfactant that is biodegradable, relatively innocuous to non‐target species and can effectively lyse zoospores, the life form responsible for the spread of Phytophthora. In this study, rhamnolipid based coatings were developed and evaluated for protection of soybeans from P. sojae zoospores.RESULTSPure (acidic) rhamnolipid, when coated on the soybeans, affects the germination negatively. However, sodium and calcium complexed rhamnolipids do not interfere with germination. Seeds coated with 15–20 mg of developed formulation were planted in soil pots and then subjected to P. sojae infection by simulating flooding conditions and zoospore inoculation. Statistical analysis showed that sodium rhamnolipid based coating significantly improved the germination in presence of P. sojae from 42% to 73% (P = 0.017) while the germination of stress‐free control was 85% (statistically similar to coated seeds, P = 1).CONCLUSIONNeutralized rhamnolipid can protect soybeans from P. sojae without any negative effect on germination. This work illustrates the strategy to use rhamnolipid as effective fungicide. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Theoretical study of the microhydration of 1‐chloro and 2‐chloro ethanol as a clue for their relative propensity toward dehalogenation
Authors: Petsis George , Salta Zoi , Kosmas Agnie Mylona , Ventura Oscar N. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThis work reports a computational analysis of hydrogen‐bonded clusters of mono‐, di‐, tri‐, and tetrahydrates of the chlorohydrins CH3CHClOH (1ClEtOH) and CH2ClCH2OH (2ClEtOH). The goal of the study is to assess the role of the water solvent into the facilitation of the initial step for dehalogenation of these compounds, a process of interest in several contexts. Molecular orbital methods (MP2), density functional methods (B3LYP, M06, and ωB97X‐D), and composite model chemistries (CBS‐QB3, G4) were employed to investigate the structure, electronic distribution, and hydrogen‐bonded structure of seven monohydrates, six dihydrates, five trihydrates, and five tetrahydrates of both species. Standard reaction enthalpy and standard Gibbs free reaction energy () were computed for all aggregates with respect to n independent water molecules and with respect to the dimer, trimer, and tetramer of water, respectively, in order to evaluate stability and hydrogen bonding network. The influence of the water chains on the length and vibrational frequencies, especially of the CCl and OH bonds, was evaluated. Hydrogen bonding in the complexes is discussed at length.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Regioselective C‐H Bond ortho‐Acetylation and Oxidative Homocoupling of N‐Arylcarbamates
Authors: Dabiri Minoo , Osmani Chiman , Nikbakht Roonak , Movahed Siyavash Kazemi 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAn efficient and straightforward protocol for the regioselective acyloxylation of N‐arylarbamates via Pd‐catalyzed C−H bond functionalization has been demonstrated. The aliphatic and benzoic acid derivatives were used as the acyloxyl source to convert aromatic sp2 C−H bonds into C−O bonds. Additionally, the oxidative homocoupling of N‐arylarbamates were evaluated and gave the corresponding homocoupled products in good yields.
An Efficient Method for Long‐Term Configurational Stabilization of Chiral Tricyclic Dipeptide via Heterocomplexation Approach
Authors: Hu Xiaoyun , Yin Zhongyou , Guo Jianxin , Borovkov Victor , Shan Zixing 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAn efficient and practical strategy has been established to enhance the configurational stability of chiral tricyclic dipeptide, which readily undergoes spontaneous racemization under environmental conditions. Complexation of the chiral dipeptide with racemic diols via non‐covalent interaction results in the corresponding heterocomplexes (HCs), which are able to preserve chirality of the dipeptide as long as 24 months. A nearly quantitative recovery of enantiopure dipeptide and racemic diols was achieved by simple treatment of the HCs with a biphasic system of H2O‐ethyl acetate and subsequent separation from aqueous and organic layers, respectively. This study not only provides a facile and handy method for the configurational stabilization of the chiral dipeptide, but also opens a further prospect for the long‐term chirality preservation of other instable enantiomeric compounds via heterocomplexation approach.