bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Le journal régional, organe politique et outil de développement : l’exemple du Franco-Canadien et du Canada français de Saint-Jean
Authors: Marquis Dominique 
Published: August 2018

Fondé en 1860, Le Franco-Canadien est d’abord l’outil politique de Félix-Gabriel Marchand. À la suite de tractations, le journal échappe à son influence et, en 1893, Le Canada français apparaît dans le paysage de Saint-Jean pour assurer une voix au Parti libéral du Québec. Deux ans plus tard, les deux journaux fusionnent et Le Canada français devient à la fois un organe politique et un outil de développement régional. Cet article porte sur l’évolution de la pratique journalistique du Franco-Canadien / Canada français de 1860 à 1970. Il montre comment, alors qu’apparaissent de nouveaux modes de production et de diffusion de la presse, le journal régional doit s’adapter à de nouvelles réalités médiatiques afin d’assurer sa survie. La longévité exemplaire du Canada français montre que ce journal a su tirer son épingle du jeu et offrir à ses lecteurs un produit aussi attrayant que les journaux montréalais, mais distinct par son contenu régional.
Intracavitary use of radioactive colloidal phosphorus 32 in the treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer
Authors: Saul Howard M. , Sedlacek Thomas V. , Heller Paul B. , Glassburn John R. , Riva John , Bertoli Robert , Maslack Mark , Lin Jeffrey K. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The use of radioactive colloidal phosphorus 32 (3ZP) in the treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer continues to be controversial. One institution's experience with the use of 32P in 30 patients with epithelial ovarian cancer was reviewed retrospectively. One hundred percent of attempts at placement of 3ZP intra-abdominally were ultimately successful. The complication rate was 11%. Mean clinical (asymptomatic) disease-free survival in patients with stage ill ovarian cancer was as follows: 26 months based on absence of disease at reassessment surgery; 26 months based on microscopic residuum; and 30 months based on minimal «5 mm) residuum. Mean disease-free survival in patients with early-stage (stages IC through IIC) ovarian cancer was 66 months.
A national study of factors influencing the career choice of osteopathic and allopathic family physicians
Authors: Xu Gang , Cummings Mark , Veloski J. Jon , Brose John 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
This study examines the differences between osteopathic and allopathic physicians regarding those factors influencing their career choice of family practice. A total of 256 osteopathic physicians and 717 allopathic family physicians were surveyed. The surveyed physicians graduated in 1983 and 1984. Comparisons were made on 19 variables that influenced the physicians' decisions to enter family practice as well as on the six factor scores derived from these 19 variables. Osteopathic physicians' decisions to choose family practice was more influenced by financial obligations, medical school experiences, and family values, whereas the allopathic physicians were more influenced by personal social value. Overall, medical school experience and personal social value were two important factors that explained the largest variances of the 19 predictors influencing physicians' decisions to enter family practice. Those allopathic medical schools whose mission emphasizes the production of generalist physicians may be able to model some approaches already in place at osteopathic medical schools. Because of the influence of the personal social value factor in medical students' choosing family practice medicine, this factor warrants further study.
Metal–Organic Framework Nanoshuttle for Synergistic Photodynamic and Low‐Temperature Photothermal Therapy
Authors: Zhang Kai , Meng Xiangdan , Cao Yu , Yang Zhou , Dong Haifeng , Zhang Yuedong , Lu Huiting , Shi Zhuojie , Zhang Xueji 
Published: August 2018

AbstractPorous metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) nanostructures constructed from metal ion/ion clusters and organic bridging ligands hold great promise for biomedicine applications. The developing of nanoagents achieving accurate diagnosis and improved therapeutic effect is highly desirable. Herein, a new‐style versatile zirconium‐ferriporphyrin metal–organic framework (Zr‐FeP MOF) nanoshuttles is reported using a facile one‐pot hydrothermal method. The Zr‐FeP MOF nanoshuttles enable simultaneously to generate abundant reactive oxygen species including hydroxyl radical (·OH) and singlet oxygen (1O2) under a near‐infrared (NIR) laser irradiation. Significant photothermal effect of Zr‐FeP MOF nanoshuttles with photothermal conversion efficiency high to 33.7% is also demonstrated. Under a single NIR laser irradiation, the Zr‐FeP MOF nanoshuttles loaded with heat shock protein 70 siRNA efficiently suppress the tumor growth both in vitro and in vivo owing to the synergistic effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT) and low‐temperature photothermal therapy (PTT). Meanwhile, it exhibits good photothermal imaging, computed tomography, and photoacoustic imaging tri‐mode tumor‐specific imaging capability for tumor accurate diagnosis. This work contributes to design “all‐in‐one” nanoagents that realize multimodal imaging diagnosis and PDT and low‐temperature PTT synergistic treatments.
IPMC Sensor Integrated Smart Glove for Pulse Diagnosis, Braille Recognition, and Human–Computer Interaction
Authors: Ming Yue , Yang Ying , Fu Ruo Ping , Lu Chao , Zhao Lei , Hu Yi Ming , Li Cheng , Wu Yan Xiao , Liu Hao , Chen Wei 
Published: August 2018

AbstractFlexible sensors, which can meet human ergonomics requirements by virtue of compliance, are widely used in smart wearable electronics. Compared with existing piezoresistive, capacitive, and piezoelectric sensors, flexible ionic polymer metal composite (IPMC) sensors are promising for wearable applications toward monitoring diverse human activities, due to their advanced characteristics of passive, and direction identification. Here, a fluid‐bed‐like reactor is developed for batch preparation of the IPMC sensors, which can overcome those problems including time consuming, and poor batch stability of the devices prepared by the conventional electroless plating method. By the new method, a large number of sensors with good batch stability can be produced in one‐off preparation and in a very short‐time process. Sensitivity of the sensors can reach as high as 2.99 mV in strain range below 1% and high stability above 98.2% over 8000 bending cycles can be achieved. Based on the above, these sensors are successfully integrated into a smart glove, which can diagnose the subtle pulse, perceive the precise braille, and control the robot hand timely. This work presents a practical strategy for large‐scale production of advanced IPMC sensors and will accelerate the wide application in smart wearable systems.
Low‐Dimensional Saturable Absorbers in the Visible Spectral Region
Authors: Zhang Yuxia , Lu Dazhi , Yu Haohai , Zhang Huaijin 
Published: August 2018

AbstractVisible light has an important and unique value in research and practical applications, because of its perceptible characteristics by the human eye. Directly pumped bulk visible pulsed lasers are booming in recent years stimulated by the advances of blue laser diodes. As critical components, novel and favorable saturable absorbers in view of distinct nonlinear saturable absorption properties are desired, which can promote the development of ultrafast photonics in the visible range. Over the years, low dimensional materials with the advantages of ultrafast carrier recovery rate and distinct nonlinear saturable absorption have originated a class of innovative applications in photonics and optoelectronics, especially as saturable absorbers in the pulsed lasers. Here, the low dimensional saturable absorbers in the visible range are reviewed, including the fabrication, linear and nonlinear optical response, and applications in the pulsed visible lasers of low dimensional semiconductors and noble metal nanoparticles. The design criteria of the low dimensional saturable absorbers for generating laser pluse by Q‐switching and mode‐locking are proposed and discussed. Finally, some possible development tendency and directions of saturable absorbers for the visible pulsed lasers are proposed in this review by focusing on some potential strengths.
Synthesis of α‐Trifluoromethylthiolated and α‐Thiocyanated Ketones Using Umpoled Enolates
Authors: Xia Xiaowen , Chen Bocheng , Zeng Xiaojun , Xu Bo 
Published: August 2018

AbstractAn efficient synthesis of α‐trifluoromethylthiolated and α‐thiocynated ketones via Umpolung strategy is developed. Umpoled enolates (N‐alkenoxypyridinium salts) react smoothly with readily available sulfur containing nucleophiles such as AgSCF3 and KSCN using CH3CN as the solvent. N‐alkenoxypyridinium salts could be easily prepared from the gold catalyzed addition of pyridine N‐oxide to alkynes. Our simple condition offers good chemical yields and high functional group tolerance.magnified image
The prevalence of exposure to high molecular weight asthmagens derived from plants among workers in Australia
Authors: El‐Zaemey Sonia , Carey Renee N. , Darcey Ellie , Reid Alison , Glass Deborah C. , Driscoll Tim R. , Crewe Julie , Abramson Michael J. , Si Si , Benke Geza , Fritschi Lin 
Published: August 2018

BackgroundLimited information is available on exposure to high molecular weight (HMW) asthmagens derived from plants and on the main occupations and tasks that result in such exposure among workers.MethodsData were collected as part of the Australian Work Exposures Study—Asthma. We estimated adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) using modified Poisson regression models to determine which factors were associated with exposure.ResultsA 12.8% of 4878 workers were exposed to HMW asthmagens derived from plants. The highest prevalence of exposure was found among farmers/animal workers, education workers, and food processing workers. The main circumstances of exposure were through handling flour, freesias, or through raising livestock. Exposure was more common among female workers (aPR = 1.26, 1.10‐1.43) than males, while it was lower among workers born overseas (aPR = 0.70, 0.57‐0.86) than those born in Australia.ConclusionPrevention of exposure to HMW asthmagens derived from plants requires a broad strategy targeting different tasks and occupations.
Tetracationic Gallium Cluster Cations
Authors: Glootz Kim , Kratzert Daniel , Himmel Daniel , Kastro Aho , Yassine Zeinab , Findeisen Tobias , Krossing Ingo 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe univalent salt Ga(PhF)2+[Al(ORF)4]− (RF=OC(CF3)3) forms the strongly metal–metal bonded cluster tetracations [GaII2(L)4]4+ and [GaI4(L′)8]4+, when it reacts with innocent ligands like phenanthroline (L=phen) or t‐butylisonitrile (L′=tBu‐NC). Their structures and energetics are discussed as a function of the employed ligands, supported by DFT calculations and Born–Fajans–Haber cycles.
Teaching historical thinking and reasoning: Construction of an observation instrument
Authors: Gestsdóttir Súsanna Margrét , van Boxtel Carla , van Drie Jannet 
Published: August 2018

For some years, historical thinking and reasoning (HTR) have been important educational goals for upper secondary education in many countries. Nevertheless, teachers are often unsure of how to realise these ideas in the classroom. This article reports on the development of the domain‐specific observation instrument Teach‐HTR. It is intended for the further professional development of experienced history teachers who wish to foster historical thinking and reasoning, as well as to assist those who are doing their initial teacher training. The observation instrument was developed in several phases.A literature review was conducted to operationalise the dimensions of learning and teaching involved in historical thinking and reasoning. The content validity of this first version was evaluated by experts using a content validity rating form and subsequently revised. The final instrument consists of seven categories of teaching historical reasoning and 33 items. The instrument was piloted in 10 history lessons in Iceland and subsequently in 10 lessons in the Netherlands. Inter‐rater reliability was evaluated using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and percentage of agreement. The internal consistency was evaluated using Cronbach's alpha. In the second pilot, the instrument showed acceptable inter‐rater reliability and internal consistency. The outcomes of the two pilots are described, and examples are given of lessons with high and low scores. The instrument can help identify concrete examples of teaching historical thinking and reasoning and points for development, which makes it a promising instrument for professional development.
Synthesis and Antiviral Activity of Water‐Soluble Polycarboxylic Derivatives of [60]Fullerene Loaded with 3,4‐Dichlorophenyl Units
Authors: Voronov Ilya I. , Martynenko Vyacheslav M. , Chernyak Alexander V. , Balzarini Jan , Schols Dominique , Troshin Pavel A. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractWe have synthesized a series of water‐soluble polycarboxylic derivatives of [60]fullerene with a gradually changed polarity by combining three to five polar (ionic) malonate addends with two to zero hydrophobic dichlorobenzene units and explored their antiviral activity. It has been shown that decreasing the number of the ionogenic carboxylic groups in the molecules enhanced their antiviral activity against HIV‐1 and suppressed their action against HIV‐2. The obtained results implied that the charged states and hydrophobicity of the water‐soluble polycarboxylic fullerene derivatives affect significantly their biological properties.
Baking tests: Effect of sucrose and water on yeast gassing power
Authors: Gélinas Pierre , McKinnon Carole 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBackground and objectivesBaking tests must be performed with formulations giving controlled gas production. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of sucrose and water on yeast gassing power in dough. Total gas production, gas production rate, and residual fermentable sugars were determined in dough made with white flour and ten wholemeal samples.FindingsWith white flour adjusted for diastatic activity, gas produced after 3 hr at 38°C was constant in dough containing up to 6% sucrose. In the latter, yeast gassing power increased according to water content contrary to non‐sugared dough which gave uniform gas production. Yeast inhibition was seen with all flour samples tested. Gas production in dough also varied according to the yeast lot.ConclusionsSucrose and lack of water inhibited yeast gassing power in dough. Depending on the water content, fermented dough with 6% sucrose produced 10%–30% less gas than non‐sugared dough.Significance and noveltyYeast was inhibited by osmotic pressure in dough containing too much sugar and, to a lesser extent, too little water, resulting in variable gas production and potential bias in bread volume. Baking tests on flour with low water absorption should be performed with non‐sugared dough.
Study of the Electroreactivity of Amoxicillin on Carbon Nanotube‐Supported Metal Electrodes
Authors: Ferreira Marta , Kuzniarska‐Biernacka Iwona , Fonseca António M. , Neves Isabel C. , Soares Olívia S. G. P. , Pereira Manuel F. R. , Figueiredo José L. , Parpot Pier 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe electroreactivity of amoxicillin (AMX) was studied on catalysts based on platinum, palladium and ruthenium supported on carbon nanotubes (Pt/CNT, Pd/CNT, Ru/CNT) in aqueous media using cyclic voltammetry. Cyclic voltammograms show two oxidation processes, the first one between 0.5 and 1.0 V vs. reference hydrogen electrode (RHE) and the second one between 1.2 and 1.6 V vs. RHE. The effects of electrocatalytic material and supporting electrolyte, on current intensities and oxidation potentials, were determined using experimental design strategy (DOE). Kinetic parameters of the oxidation reactions were calculated from the scan rate study. The constant potential electrolysis of AMX was carried out on Ru/CNT catalyst, in 0.1 M NaOH and AMX conversion reached 45 % after 6 h of electrolysis at 2.5 V vs. RHE. The percentages of CO32−, SO42− and NO3− among oxidation products were 26, 17 and 4 %, respectively. The primary degradation products of AMX determined by HPLC‐MS gave some insight about the reaction pathways.
Boosting Water Splitting Performance of BiVO4 Photoanode through Selective Surface Decoration of Ag2S
Authors: Guan Peng , Bai Hongye , Wang Fagen , Yu Hao , Xu Dongbo , Chen Biyi , Xia Teng , Fan Weiqiang , Shi Weidong 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe unsatisfactory of solar absorption and charge separation is the main loss limiting the conversion efficiency in photoelectrochemical water splitting system. Here, Ag2S/BiVO4 heterostructure have been fabricated for the first time to PEC splitting water, achieving efficient solar‐to‐chemical energy conversion. The Ag2S nanoparticles evenly distributing on the surface of BiVO4 not only promotes the charge separation, but also greatly facilitates the surface hole injection. The results show that the optimal Ag2S/BiVO4 heterostructure reach a remarkable photocurrent density of 1.91 mA/cm2 at 1.23 V (vs RHE) under 100 mW/cm2 irradiation, which is approximately 3.2‐fold higher than that of bare BiVO4. The incident photon‐to‐current efficiency (IPCE) of Ag2S/BiVO4 heterostructure have been enhanced up to 23 % in visible region (Vbias=1.23 V, 460 nm). In addition, Ag2S/BiVO4 shows the attracting stability during photoelectrochemical process, since its photocurrent density can keep for 92 % after 2 h. The charges transfer mechanism for Ag2S/BiVO4 heterostructure were also proposed. This work provides a new insight for constructing efficient and stable photoanodes based on BiVO4.
Bis‐Bipyridinium Gemini Surfactant‐Based Supramolecular Helical Fibers and Solid State Thermochromism
Authors: Xu Yan , Yuan Tianyu , Nour Hany F. , Fang Lei , Olson Mark A. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe processability and functional performance of stimuli‐responsive supramolecular materials are key factors in determining their utility and potential for mass adoption, usage, and profitability. However, it is difficult to predict how structural changes to the molecular components of these systems will impact their operation. Here, a series of π‐electron‐deficient bis‐bipyridinium gemini surfactants were synthesized and evaluated to elucidate the structure–property relationships that govern their ability to form helical‐fiber‐based donor–acceptor hydrogels, impact hydrogel strength, and influence their solid‐state thermochromism. When combined with the π‐electron‐rich donor melatonin, the helical‐fiber‐ and hydrogel‐forming ability of the gemini surfactants was largely influenced by the dimensions of the rigid bridging group that connects the two bis‐bipyridinium units. Dynamic viscoelastic rheology and linear sweep voltammetric analysis revealed a positive correlation between the length of the gemini‐surfactant bridging group and both the hydrogel strength and the magnitude of the charge‐transfer interaction between the donor–acceptor pair. Solid‐state thermochromic transition temperatures of processed aerogels, xerogel films, and inkjet‐printed patterns were positively correlated with the strength of the charge transfer interaction between the donor–acceptor pair and, thus, also with the length of the gemini surfactant bridging group. The results provide impactful insights that will enable the development of new donor–acceptor‐based thermochromes with versatile processability and tunable functionality.
Multifaceted Study on a Cytochalasin Scaffold: Lessons on Reactivity, Multidentate Catalysis, and Anticancer Properties
Authors: Zaghouani Mehdi , Gayraud Oscar , Jactel Vincent , Prévost Sébastien , Dezaire Ambre , Sabbah Michèle , Escargueil Alexandre , Lai Thanh‐Lan , Le Clainche Christophe , Rocques Nathalie , Romero Stéphane , Gautreau Alexis , Blanchard Florent , Frison Gilles , Nay Bastien 
Published: August 2018

AbstractAn intramolecular Diels–Alder (IMDA) reaction efficiently accelerated by Schreiner's thiourea is reported, to build a functionalized cytochalasin scaffold (periconiasin series) for biological purposes. DFT calculation highlighted a unique multidentate cooperative hydrogen bonding in this catalysis. The deprotection end game afforded a collection of diverse structures and showed the peculiar reactivity of the Diels–Alder cycloadducts upon functionalization. Biological studies revealed strong cytotoxicity of a few compounds on breast cancer cell lines while actin polymerization is preserved.
Organization of subcortical auditory nuclei of Japanese house bat (Pipistrellus abramus) identified with cytoarchitecture and molecular expression
Authors: Ito Tetsufumi , Furuyama Takafumi , Hase Kazuma , Kobayasi Kohta I. , Hiryu Shizuko , Riquimaroux Hiroshi 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe auditory system of echolocating bats shows remarkable specialization likely related to analyzing echoes of sonar pulses. However, significant interspecies differences have been observed in the organization of auditory pathways among echolocating bats, and the homology of auditory nuclei with those of non‐echolocating species has not been established. Here, in order to establish the homology and specialization of auditory pathways in echolocating bats, the expression of markers for glutamatergic, GABAergic, and glycinergic phenotypes in the subcortical auditory nuclei of Japanese house bat (Pipistrellus abramus) was evaluated. In the superior olivary complex, we identified the medial superior olive and superior paraolivary nuclei as expressing glutamatergic and GABAergic phenotypes, respectively, suggesting these nuclei are homologous with those of rodents. In the nuclei of the lateral lemniscus (NLL), the dorsal nucleus was found to be purely GABAergic, the intermediate nucleus was a mixture of glutamatergic and inhibitory neurons, the compact part of the ventral nucleus was purely glycinergic, and the multipolar part of the ventral nucleus expressed both GABA and glycine. In the inferior colliculus (IC), the central nucleus was found to be further subdivided into dorsal and ventral parts according to differences in the density of terminals and the morphology of large GABAergic neurons, suggesting specialization to sonar pulse structure. Medial geniculate virtually lacked GABAergic neurons, suggesting that the organization of the tectothalamic pathway is similar with that of rodents. Taken together, our findings revealed that specialization primarily occurs with regard to nuclei size and organization of the NLL and IC.
Deriving Extracellular Vesicle Size From Scatter Intensities Measured by Flow Cytometry
Authors: de Rond Leonie , Coumans Frank A. W. , Nieuwland Rienk , van Leeuwen Ton G. , van der Pol Edwin 
Published: August 2018

AbstractFlow cytometry is commonly used to investigate the potential for extracellular vesicles (EVs) to be biomarkers of disease. A typical flow cytometer detects fluorescence and scatter intensities of single EVs in arbitrary units. These arbitrary units complicate data interpretation and data comparison between different flow cytometers. For example, comparison of detected EV concentrations requires knowledge of the detectable EV sizes. Using Mie theory and knowledge of the optical configuration of the flow cytometer, EV size can be derived from the scatter intensity for a given EV refractive index. Here, a protocol is described to derive the size of EVs and other nanoparticles from the scatter intensity. The resulting size distribution allows the comparison of data between flow cytometers, which is a prerequisite for clinical application of EVs as biomarkers and may advance other fields where sizing of nanoparticles is essential. © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.