bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Особливості сучасної безпекової політики політичних партій Великобританії
Authors: Stalovierova A. V. 
Published: September 2019

Підводяться підсумки безпекової політики британського коаліційного уряду Д. Кемерона (2010-2015); доведено, що політичним силам консерваторів та ліберал-демократів для проведення одностайного курсу у сфері нацбезпеки потрібно було йти на компроміси, а також аналізується проблематика безпекової стратегії на парламентських виборах 2015 р., зокрема, проводиться порівняльний аналіз положень сучасної безпекової стратегії провідних партій Великобританії. Передвиборча кампанія 2015 р. стимулювала активні дискусії з питань безпеки, а відповідні розділи були включені у передвиборчі маніфести усіх ведучих британських політичних партій. В умовах виникнення нових викликів та загроз, трансформації системи міжнародної безпеки, питання безпекової політики часто стають об’єктом уваги британської спільноти та експертів. Відсутність міжпартійного консенсусу по більшості положень безпекової стратегії Великобританії у ході передвиборчої кампанії 2015 р. роблять дискусії про перспективи британської безпекової політики ще більш актуальними. У ході передвиборчої кампанії практично не по жодному аспекту безпекової проблематики не було міжпартійної єдності. Насамперед, лейбористи, ліберал-демократи, ШНП і партія «зелених» зробили заяву про готовність розвивати співробітництво з ЄС, а консерватори та ПНОК виявилися на боці євроскептиків. Думки партій розділилися також з питань проведення військових операцій за кордоном, фінансування й чисельності збройних сил.
Justicia Especial para la Paz-JEP, sus avances y sus obstáculos
Authors: Matias Camargo Sergio Roberto 
Published: September 2019

La Justicia Especial para la Paz (JEP), fue creada con el propósito de aplicar la justicia transicional, en el marco de los Acuerdos entre el gobierno colombiano y las FARC para la terminación del conflicto armado. Se han expedido las normas constitucionales y legales, se han trazado las políticas públicas correspondientes, y ha iniciado sus labores. Se analiza su naturaleza, sus avances y sus obstáculos de diversa naturaleza, en el mismo sentido de los Acuerdos que la originaron. Se utiliza un enfoque crítico y socio jurídico, el método histórico y el lógico, el análisis y la síntesis, las fuentes primarias y secundarias y se hace análisis documental.
derechos de los migrantes y los esfuerzos para su protección universal
Authors: Murillo Cruz David Andrés 
Published: September 2019

La migración es un fenómeno social natural e histórico. Desde la existencia misma del hombre, ha habido movilidad humana. Si bien cada vez más personas viven en un país distinto de aquel en donde nacieron y esto podría ser visto como una consecuencia positiva de la globalización, lo cierto es que hoy en el mundo hay aproximadamente 74,8 millones de personas que hacen parte de la competencia de la Agencia de la Organización de las Naciones Unidas para los Refugiados (Acnur) (solicitantes de asilo, refugiados, repatriados, desplazados internos y apátridas) y cuyos derechos se encuentran en riesgo (Acnur, 2019a, 2019b).
Dentro de este número de personas, hay grupos poblacionales con tratamientos jurídicos diferenciados por el derecho internacional, empero, dado que la movilidad humana a gran escala genera la dificultad de diferenciar al migrante económico del refugiado, el presente artículo de reflexión pretende, desde el análisis y el respeto del principio de igualdad y la no discriminación, estudiar la situación actual de los migrantes en general, entendidos estos como aquellos que se desplazan de sus países de origen, y los recientes esfuerzos llevados a cabo para materializar la protección universal de la persona humana que migra (Türk, 2019).
BUSINESS NETWORK STRATEGY IN ISLAMIC MICRO FINANCE INSTITUTION OF ISLAMIC BOARDING SCHOOL
Authors: Zaki Irham , Mawardi Imron , Widiastuti Tika , Hendratmi Achsania , Anova Debrina Farrah 
Published: September 2019

Purpose of the study: This study aims to explore the Sidogiri Islamic Boarding School (IBS) that have Islamic Micro Finance Institutions (IMFI) business portraits and strategies to develop the business model.
Methodology: The paper using qualitative method using study case. It observation, interview, and review previous study.
Main Findings: Pondok Pasentran (PP) Sidogiri has developed business network model that keeps part of social function. There are three business model that runs by PP Sidogiri; value chain, networking mode, operating model and value preposition . All the business model based on Islamic principles. There are three practical strategies includes the need for integration and awareness related to business models that involve all components of the business network owned by IBS Sidogiri.
Implications of the study: This conceptual study highlights practical development strategies for Sidogiri IBS IMFI based on the potential, through business network, management and performance measurement model of PP Sidogiri.
Novelty/Originality of this study: The paper suggests development strategies based on the network which involves all components of a large business network owned by PP Sidogiri, including santri, branch madrasa, UGT, alumni and sympathizers who form a unified whole as a business network.
THE EFFECT OF NASYIATUL AISYIYAH BUSINESS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF ITS MEMBERS SELF-POTENTIAL: CASE STUDY IN CENTRAL JAVA
Authors: Diwanti Dyah Pikanthi , Zakiy Muhammad , Robani Anidah 
Published: September 2019

Purpose of the study: This study aims to examine the effect of Nasyiatul Aisyiyah business on the development of its member’s self-potential, a case study in Central Java. There are several research findings that reinforce the involvement of members of the BUANA community in the activities of small and enterprises both on government agencies and private.
Methodology: This research used to survey, the data source of this research is primary data, collected using questionnaire instrument, Data measurement using interval scale, with a five-point Likert scale score. This research conducts analysis to 100 participants in Nasyiatul Aisyiyah member in Kendal Central Java as sample.
Results: The finding of research indicates that BUANA has become a model for the entrepreneurial organization. Obviously, BUANA is a form of business practices as its members would have a lot of experiences and skills to become an independent and creative business woman. BUANA has become a superior program as it managed to enhance the spirit of entrepreneurship among its members. BUANA is also the real laboratory for Nasyiatul Aisyiyah Organization. Every region in Indonesia obliged to own BUANA.
The limitation of this research: This research only focuses on Central Java. Future improvement may involve other regions outside Java.
Applications of this study: This research is suitable in explaining the phenomena of women entrepreneurship in Central Java and how they contribute to the local economy. More programs and activities can be organized to ensure that BUANA may become more productive and innovative in the near future to further boost Nasyiatul Aisyiyah’s economy.
Novelty/Originality of this study: The novelty of this research that BUANA is a tangible manifestation of organizational entrepreneurship from branch-region to center.
OPTIMIZATION OF CARBOPOL 940 AND OLEIC ACID IN DICLOFENAC SODIUM BASE GEL USING FACTORIAL DESIGN 22 METHOD
Authors: Rahmawati Eka Diana , Bhagawan Weka Sidha , Rizkiah Fidia 
Published: September 2019

<em>The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of carbopol 940, oleic acid and interaction of both in the value of viscosity and release rate and to find optimum formula of diclofenac sodium base gel which can produced viscoisity between 20 dPa.s - 200 dPa.s and rate release 50μg/cm<sup>2</sup>.menit<sup>1/2</sup> - 150μg/cm<sup>2</sup>.menit<sup>1/2</sup> using factorial design 2<sup>2</sup>. The level of carbopol 940 were 1,3% and 0,8% while the level of oleic acid were 5% and 20%. Analysis of the research used Design Expert 10 software.The results showed that carbopol 940 and oleic acid had significant effect in determining the viscosity response and the release rate. The addition of carbopol 940 and oleic acid l increased the viscosity response and the addition of carbopol 940 and oleic acid decreased the release flux response. There were 100 optimum compositions of combination of carbopol 940 between 0.8% to 1,194% and oleic acid between 5% and 19.95% which can be used to obtain sodium diclofenac base gel preparation with viscosity responses between 76,042 dPa.s -199,570 dPa.s and flux release responses from 101,000 μg/cm<sup>2</sup>.minute<sup>1/2 </sup>until 124,250 μg/cm<sup>2</sup>.minute<sup>1/2</sup>.</em>
EVOLUTION AND EFFECTIVENESS OF COLORMETRIC APPROACH FOR INVESTIGATION OF CEFTRIAXONE MEDICINE AS IN PURE FORM AND IN FORMULATION VIALS
Authors: Al-Rufaie Mohauman Mohammad Majeed 
Published: September 2019

<p><em>A third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic was aceftriaxone medicine.</em><em> </em><em>Similar another (3<sup>rd</sup> generation cephalosporins), it has wide broad spectrum effectiveness versus gram positive as well as gram negative bacteria. Diverse approachs for analyses of the studied medicine are obtainable but are costly additionally time consumption. Therefor we have sophisticated developed</em><em> </em><em>novel, easy, simple as well as accurate colormetric approach for investigation of ceftriaxone medicine as pure form as well as in formulation</em><em> vials</em><em> by depending on a specific color-generated reaction. This reaction involves the Schiff 's base formation reaction between ceftriaxone drug with alcoholic 4- di ethyl amino benzaldehyde (DEAB) reagent to produce a new ligand that reacts with cobalt (II) ion with heating to (50°C) in acidic media to form green colored complex exhibiting λmax at 496 nm. The medicine conformed with the Beer’s law with the linearity was observed between (2 –52) μg/ml additionally that correlation coefficient was 0.9992 .The analyses outcomes were supported with LOD, LOQ, accuracy, recovery studies, ruggedness as well as precision. The approach was establish to be robust as well as economical.</em></p>
Psychometric Evaluation of the Caregiver Needs Screen in Neuro-Oncology Family Caregivers
Authors: Boele Florien W. , Terhorst Lauren , Prince Jennifer , Donovan Heidi S. , Weimer Jason , Lieberman Frank S. , Drappatz Jan , Sherwood Paula R. 
Published: September 2019

Background and PurposeThe informal care demands of primary malignant brain tumor (PMBT) patients include unique issues associated with neurological and cognitive symptoms. Existing caregiver needs questionnaires do not include these disease-specific symptoms, which are particularly distressing. Therefore, we have developed the neuro-oncology Caregiver Needs Screen (CNS) and evaluated its psychometric properties.MethodsThe 32-item instrument was developed based on PMBT caregiver interviews (N= 109) and expert review. The CNS was tested along measures of depression, anxiety, burden, and mastery in 122 PMBT caregivers. Principal components analysis was used to examine item properties and internal structure. Internal consistency reliability and construct validity were assessed.ResultsSix subscales were identified with internal consistency ranging between alpha = .653 and .857. Convergent validity was verified by moderate/high correlations between measures of caregiver well-being and CNS scale scores.ConclusionsFindings provide preliminary evidence of reliability and validity for the CNS. This instrument can be useful when assessing caregivers' needs for supportive care.
A Case of Breastfeeding With Active Breast Cancer
Authors: Gergerich Erika , Garling-Spychala Bethany 
Published: September 2019

IntroductionPregnancy-associated breast cancer is relatively uncommon, with few guidelines for management. Women with an active breast cancer diagnosis who wish to offer their children breast milk (either first or second hand) face a number of obstacles and gaps in information.MethodThis article presents a case study and summary of current research on the topic of breastfeeding and breast cancer.Results and DiscussionDifferent types of cancer and cancer treatment influence whether a woman will be able to breastfeed. Some mothers can resume breastfeeding after treatment. If treatment is lengthy, breastfeeding may need to cease permanently. Mothers may need to take medications to help them wean. Finally some mothers may use donor milk to feed their babies once they are no longer able to breastfeed.ConclusionsFurther research is needed to determine and formalize guidelines related to the safety of breastfeeding with an active cancer diagnosis. And there is a need for increased access to breast milk for mothers who are unable to breastfeed. There are geographic barriers, as well as obstacles related to availability and cost.
Analisis Kemampuan Multiple Representasi Siswa Kelas XI MAN 1 Pekanbaru Pada Materi Titrasi Asam Basa
Authors: Mainur Hikmayanti  , Lisa Utami  
Published: September 2019

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh pemahaman kimia yang membutuhkan kemampuan berfikir menggunakan tiga level representasi yang berbeda tetapi saling berhubungan yaitu makroskopik, submikroskopik, dan simbolik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana kemampuan multiple representasi siswa kelas XI MAN 1 Pekanbaru pada materi titrasi asam basa. Metode penelitian ini merupakan metode penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Sampel dalam penelitian diambil dari kelas XI MIA 2 yang berjumlah 30 orang berdasarkan teknik purposive sampling. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah tes multiple representasi berbentuk soal pilihan ganda dan essay serta wawancara. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data ditemukan bahwa nilai rata-rata kemampuan multiple representasi siswa pada level makroskopik sebesar 95.33%, level simbolik sebesar 64.58%, dan level submikroskopik sebesar 41.11%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata ketercapaian kemampuan multiple representasi siswa pada aspek pengetahuan kognitif sebesar 67.00%, kategori ketercapaian cenderung baik yang mengindikasikan bahwa penguasaan aspek pengetahuan kemampuan multiple representasi siswa pada materi titrasi asam basa tergolong baik.

Kata Kunci
Multiple Representasi dan Titrasi Asam Basa
Decision Making in the Presence of Geological Uncertainty With the Mean-Variance Criterion and Stochastic Dominance Rules
Authors: Gallardo Enrique , Deutsch Clayton V. 
Published: September 2019

Summary
At the heart of petroleum reservoir management (PRM) resides the challenge of selecting the best project from a group of feasible candidates in the presence of geological uncertainty. The challenge is particularly relevant in low-oil-price investment environments where many upstream projects are economically marginal and must be optimized. Companies are now more cautious. Investors are aware that they should consider not only the rewards of the projects but also their risks. For these reasons, the selection of projects to be implemented in the field should consider the geological risk and the capacity of the companies to tolerate it. In this paper, we introduce a decision-making model for active geological-risk management. The model is consistent with the utility theory framework and combines the mean-variance criterion (MVC) and stochastic dominance rules (SDRs) to guide the selection process. Two examples in the context of steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) are presented.
Protocol for controlled modeling of human epiblast and amnion development using stem cells
Authors: Zheng Yi , Fu Jianping 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Due to the inaccessibility of post-implantation human embryos and the restriction on in-vitro fertilization (IVF) embryos cultured beyond 14 days, the knowledge of early post-implantation human embryogenesis remains extremely limited. Recently, we have developed a microfluidic in-vitro platform, based on human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), which is capable of recapitulating several key developmental landmarks of early human post-implantation embryonic development, including lumenogenesis of the epiblast (EPI), amniogenesis, and specification of primordial germ cells (PGCs) and of primitive streak (PS) cells. Given its controllability and reproducibility, the microfluidic platform provides a powerful experimental platform to advance knowledge of human embryology and reproduction. This protocol describes the preparation of the microfluidic device and its implementation for modeling human post-implantation epiblast and amnion development using hPSCs.
Effects of Astragalus injection and Salvia Miltiorrhiza injection on serum inflammatory markers in patients with stable coronary heart disease: a randomized controlled trial study
Authors: Zhihao Luo , Liu Yuntao , Zhao Zhen , Yan Xia , Wang Dawei , Liu Qing 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a clinical syndrome caused by coronary atherosclerosis (AS) or functional changes of coronary arteries. Our previous experimental study found that the main component of Astragalus, Astragaloside IV, and the main component of Salvia Miltiorrhiza, Tanshinone IIA, can effectively improve myocardial ischemic injury. Methods: This study was a prospective, randomized, blinded, parallel design trial. A total of 160 eligible patients were randomized to a treatment group (in three groups) or the placebo control group in a 1:1:1:1 ratio using a central randomization system. Patients will receive appropriate treatment for 7 days within 24 hours after enrollment and follow-up for 28 days. Main evaluation indicators: cell count, serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) level, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), Interleukin-6(IL-6), IL-1β, IL-8, IL-18, IL-10, Tumor necrosis factor(TNF-α), Oxidized low density lipoprotein(OX-LDL), exosome levels, and angina grade and Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) symptom changes scale. Secondary evaluation indicators: B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) level, troponin (cTn), muscle enzyme isoenzyme (CK-MB), heart-type fatty acid binding protein (H-FABP), liver function, renal function, blood coagulation and the like. Adverse events will be monitored throughout the trial. Discussion: This is a randomized controlled trial of Chinese herbal extracts for the treatment of coronary heart disease. The results of this trial will provide valuable clinical evidence for the recommendations for disease management and identify its underlying mechanisms.
Efficacy of acupuncture in improving the quality of life of patient’s with moderate or severe acne vulgaris: protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Jiao Ruimin , Huang Man , Zhang Weina , Liu Zhishun 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background Acne vulgaris (AV) is a common chronic dermatologic disease that tends to impair the quality of life of patients. None of the previous clinical trials of acupuncture therapy for AV used the quality of life as a primary outcome or employed a sham acupuncture control arm. Methods/design Participants with AV will be randomly assigned to acupuncture or sham acupuncture groups (1:1 allocation). All participants will receive 4-week treatment comprising of a total of 12 sessions (3 sessions per week). The primary outcome will be change from baseline in the Skindex-16 scale total score at treatment completion. The secondary outcomes will be Skindex-16 subscale scores, the Dermatology Life Quality Index scale total score, the total lesion count and inflammatory lesion count, itch and pain assessment using the visual analogue scale score, patient expectations of acupuncture, patient satisfaction with treatment, and the blinding of the effect of sham acupuncture. Follow-up evaluation will be performed at weeks 16 and 28. All outcome analyses will be performed in the intention-to-treat population. Discussion This is the first randomized controlled trial which will compare the effect of acupuncture versus sham acupuncture in improving the quality of life of patients with moderate or severe acne vulgaris (AV). The limitation of the design of this trial is that the sample size of a single center trial, which may lead to potential overestimation of the effect of acupuncture. Meanwhile, due to the characteristics of acupuncture, the acupuncturists will not be blinded and the use of non-acupoints and minimal acupuncture without any manipulation, which may introduce an element of bias and cause some biological effect.
Knowledge and perception of surgical informed consent and associated factors among adult surgical patients in Gondar University Comprehensive and Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia
Authors: Yesuf Nurhusien Nuru , Belay Anteneh Yehuala , Jemberie Senetsehuf Melkamu , Netsere Henok Biresaw 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Introduction: there are many studies regarding informed consent in clinical trials, however, only few studies have assessed adult patient’s knowledge and perception of surgical informed consent in clinical practice. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess knowledge and perception of surgical informed consent and associated factors among adult surgical patients in Gondar University Comprehensive and Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia, 2018 Methods: responses from 312 postoperative adult surgical patients was taken using pretested structured interviewer administered questionnaires for one month. Result: there were a total of 302 respondents, (40% males and 60% females). More than half, 178 (59%) were in age groups of 31-43 years. Of the study participants, 193(63.91%) of them had poor knowledge and 155(51.3%) had poor perception about surgical informed consent in the study area. On the other hand, living in urban, being higher educational status and having past history of surgery were positively associated with good knowledge of patients towards surgical informed consent while being urban, higher education, being ophthalmologic patient & receiving consent from physician were positively associated with perception of patients regarding surgical informed consent. Conclusion: majority of the study participants had limited knowledge and poor perception about surgical informed consent. Adequate preoperative health education for patients should improve patients’ knowledge and perception. Keywords: Gondar University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Knowledge, patient perception, surgical informed consent