bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Modular André–Oort Statement with Derivatives
Authors: Spence Haden 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIn unpublished notes, Pila discussed some theory surrounding the modular function j and its derivatives. A focal point of these notes was the statement of two conjectures regarding j, j′ and j″: a Zilber–Pink-type statement incorporating j, j′ and j″, which was an extension of an apparently weaker conjecture of André–Oort type. In this paper, I first cover some background regarding j, j′ and j″, mostly covering the work already done by Pila. Then I use a seemingly novel adaptation of the o-minimal Pila–Zannier strategy to prove a weakened version of Pila's ‘Modular André–Oort with Derivatives’ conjecture. Under the assumption of a certain number-theoretic conjecture, the central theorem of the paper implies Pila's conjecture in full generality, as well as a more precise statement along the same lines.
Assessing risk of neurodevelopmental disorders after birth with oxytocin: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Lønfeldt Nicole N. , Verhulst Frank C. , Strandberg-Larsen Katrine , Plessen Kerstin J. , Lebowitz Eli R. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractExperts have raised concerns that oxytocin for labor induction and augmentation may have detrimental effects on the neurodevelopment of children. To investigate whether there is the reason for concern, we reviewed and evaluated the available evidence by searching databases with no language or date restrictions up to 9 September 2018. We included English-language studies reporting results on the association between perinatal oxytocin exposure and any cognitive impairment, psychiatric symptoms or disorders in childhood. We assessed the quality of studies using the Newcastle–Ottawa Quality Assessment Scales. Independent risk estimates were pooled using random-effects meta-analyses when at least two independent datasets provided data on the same symptom or disorder. Otherwise, we provided narrative summaries. Two studies examined cognitive impairment, one examined problem behavior, three examined attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and seven focused on autism spectrum disorders (ASD). We provided narrative summaries of the studies on cognitive impairment. For ADHD, the pooled risk estimate was 1.17; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.77–1.78, based on a pooled sample size of 5 47 278 offspring. For ASD, the pooled risk estimate was 1.10; 95% CI 1.04–1.17, based on 8 87 470 offspring. Conclusions that perinatal oxytocin increases the risks of neurodevelopmental problems are premature. Observational studies of low to high quality comprise the evidence-base, and confounding, especially by the genetic or environmental vulnerability, remains an issue. Current evidence is insufficient to justify modifying obstetric guidelines for the use of oxytocin, which state that it should only be used when clinically indicated.
Diplomacy in drag and queer IR art: Reflections on the performance, ‘Sipping Toffee with Hamas in Brussels’
Authors: Charrett Catherine 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThis article presents drag performance as a queer method of critique in the field of IR, which contributes to a longstanding move in IR to engage with aesthetics, and a more recent move to engage with performance art. The article discusses the author’s making of a performance piece that revisited the EU’s response to Hamas’s success in the 2006 Palestinian legislative elections. Soft, camp, feminine, and childlike voices; a female body in men’s clothing; and the translocation of bodies in spaces are used in the performance piece to disrupt the coherency of normalised diplomacy. Queer IR theory emphasises the imperative to dismantle logics of normality that prevent creativity in response to political issues. Performative drag practices disrupt anxious attachments to a ritualised discourse of strategic interests that shapes political initiatives. This article comments on other drag moments in politics, such as the anxiety around Jeremy Corbyn’s dress, Barack Obama’s anger translator, and Janelle Monáe’s androgynous articulation of community. The form that research dissemination takes implicates the kind of knowledge that is produced. This article reviews three methodological provocations of drag, an alternative departure point of the ‘what if’, performing a politics of refusal, and a Brechtian technique of estrangement.
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Burden Moderates the Relationship Between Cognitive Functioning and Suicidality in Iraq/Afghanistan-Era Veterans
Authors: Crocker Laura D. , Keller Amber V. , Jurick Sarah M. , Bomyea Jessica , Hays Chelsea C. , Twamley Elizabeth W. , Jak Amy J. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractObjectives:Suicidal ideation (SI) is highly prevalent in Iraq/Afghanistan-era veterans with a history of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), and multiple mTBIs impart even greater risk for poorer neuropsychological functioning and suicidality. However, little is known about the cognitive mechanisms that may confer increased risk of suicidality in this population. Thus, we examined relationships between neuropsychological functioning and suicidality and specifically whether lifetime mTBI burden would moderate relationships between cognitive functioning and suicidal ideation.Methods:Iraq/Afghanistan-era Veterans with a history of mTBI seeking outpatient services (N= 282) completed a clinical neuropsychological assessment and psychiatric and postconcussive symptom questionnaires.Results:Individuals who endorsed SI reported more severe post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and postconcussive symptoms and exhibited significantly worse memory performance compared to those who denied SI. Furthermore, mTBI burden interacted with both attention/processing speed and memory, such that poorer performance in these domains was associated with greater likelihood of SI in individuals with a history of three or more mTBIs. The pattern of results remained consistent when controlling for PTSD, depression, and postconcussive symptoms.Conclusions:Slowed processing speed and/or memory difficulties may make it challenging to access and use past experiences to solve current problems and imagine future outcomes, leading to increases in hopelessness and SI in veterans with three or more mTBIs. Results have the potential to better inform treatment decisions for veterans with history of multiple mTBIs. (JINS, 2019, 25, 79–89)
Electron Beam-Induced Carbon Erosion and the Impact on Electron Probe Microanalysis
Authors: Matthews Mike B. , Kearns Stuart L. , Buse Ben 
Published: November 2018

AbstractElectron beam-induced carbon contamination is a balance between simultaneous deposition and erosion processes. Net erosion rates for a 25 nA 3 kV beam can reduce a 5 nm C coating by 20% in 60 s. Measurements were made on C-coated Bi substrates, with coating thicknesses of 5–20 nm, over a range of analysis conditions. Erosion showed a step-like increase with increasing electron flux density. Both the erosion rate and its rate of change increase with decreasing accelerating voltage. As the flux density decreases the rate of change increases more rapidly with decreasing voltage. Time-dependent intensity (TDI) measurements can be used to correct for errors, in both coating and substrate quantifications, resulting from carbon erosion. Uncorrected analyses showed increasing errors in coating thickness with decreasing accelerating voltage. Although the erosion rate was found to be independent of coating thickness this produces an increasing absolute error with decreasing starting thickness, ranging from 1.5% for a 20 nm C coating on Bi at 15 kV to 14% for a 5 nm coating at 3 kV. Errors in Bi Mα measurement are <1% at 5 kV or above but increase rapidly below this, both with decreasing voltage and increasing coating thickness to 20% for a 20 nm coated sample at 3 kV.
More than a ‘moment’: Woodrow Wilson and the foundations of twentieth century Japan
Authors: Dickinson Frederick R. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractWoodrow Wilson's name remains forever entwined with the Paris Peace Conference and efforts to transform geopolitics after 1918. Despite recent emphases on the power of this so-called ‘Wilsonian Moment,’ initiatives by the American president remain controversial, and his principal global legacy has come to be defined as the rise of nationalism in the developing world. In the historiography of modern Japan, Wilson and the Paris Conference have long been identified less as opportunities than as challenges, embodied unmistakably in Prince Konoe Fumimaro's 1918 condemnation of the conference and the proposed League of Nations as beneficial only to the USA and Britain. Reading back from 1931, historians of modern Japan have located in the Versailles settlement seeds of an epic new expansionary effort from the Manchurian Incident to the destruction of Imperial Japan. This paper, by contrast, analyzes the interwar years on their own terms and, in so doing, locates the structural foundations of a dramatic Japanese national departure. Wilson is more than a ‘moment’ in interwar Japan. Embraced at the very moment that a largely agricultural and regional nineteenth-century Japan becomes a twentieth-century industrial state and world power, it is potent enough to withstand the illiberal tide of the 1930s and 40s to blossom again after the Second World War.
Nambara Shigeru (1889–1974): how a Japanese liberal conceptualized eternal peace, 1918–1951
Authors: Inoguchi Takashi 
Published: November 2018

AbstractNambara Shigeru was arara avisof Japanese liberal academics at hard times in that he survived difficult times without being punished by the oppressive government in the pre-war Japan and the occupation authorities in the immediate post-war Japan. He specialized in Western political philosophy especially in Immanuel Kant and Johann Gottlieb Fichte, known as proponents of German idealism and nationalism. His magnum opus was published, without being punished, in 1944, arguing that the Nazi politics was totally against the Western political tradition. In 1945–46, he made clear his opposition to the draft new Constitution in which the emperor be symbolic and the armed forces be abolished. In 1949–1950, he made clear his view that Japan, once Japan admitted to the United Nations, what would become Japanese Self-Defense Forces should donate portions to what would become United Nations Peace Keeping Operations. On the basis of his writings in the war period and the occupation period, comparisons of his positions with Roger Scruton, Vladislav Surkov, Yanaihara Tadao, Akamatsu Kaname, Nitobe Inazo, and Yanagida Kunio on such concepts as democracy promotion, national self-determination, peace keeping are attempted to see the extent to which the pent-up Wilsonian moment burst in the immediate post-war period.
Measuring Bias against Female Political Leadership
Authors: Setzler Mark 
Published: November 2018

AbstractMuch research examining gender bias in politics analyzes responses to explicit survey questions asking individuals whether they prefer male over female leaders or agree that male political leaders are superior. Drawing insights from the measurement of other types of prejudice, this article explores the methodological shortcomings of a widely used question of this type. Analyzing the results of two surveys—one national and one state-level—I compare response patterns to a standard, highly explicit question that is frequently administered by the Pew Research Center with those for a modestly altered item that employs multiple strategies to reduce social desirability bias. Compared with the alternative measure, the conventional item seriously underreports prejudice against women leaders. Moreover, the underreporting of bias is especially prevalent among individuals belonging to groups that are strong advocates of gender equality.
Rules, perception and emotion: When do institutions determine behaviour?
Authors: Markey-Towler Brendan 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThis paper seeks to answer the question of what psychological preconditions must exist for institutions to determine behaviour and order our societies. We defend the notion that institutional theory may gain from such a contribution. We introduce a new theory of the mind as a network structure within which the psychological process operates to integrate insights from cognitive and affective psychology into institutional theory. We discover that institutions must be expressed asrulesin mental networks which guide thinking and behaviour, be embedded within a cognitive apparatus such that they are called to mind byperceptionto so guide thinking and behaviour and be anchored toemotionsuch that they are endowed with urgency in order for them to have a hold on individual behaviour. From this theory we derive definite predictions, as well as policy insights.
The Motivation for Facebook Use – Is it a Matter of Bonding or Control Over Others?
Authors: Sariyska Rayna , Lachmann Bernd , Cheng Cecilia , Gnisci Augusto , Sergi Ida , Pace Antonio , Kaliszewska-Czeremska Katarzyna , Laconi Stéphanie , Zhong Songfa , Toraman Demet , Geiger Mattis , Montag Christian 
Published: November 2018

Abstract. In the present study, we investigated individual differences in the motivation for Facebook use. In total N = 736 participants from Europe and Asia took part in the study. They filled in the Facebook questionnaire (FQ), including the two factors Attitude toward Facebook and Online Sociability, and the Unified Motive Scale (UMS-3), measuring the motives Achievement, Affiliation, Intimacy, Power, and Fear. The results showed that the Attitude toward Facebook was more positive in the subsample from Asia, but no differences could be found between the Asian and European sample with respect to the frequency of use of different activities on Facebook. The motives Fear, Power, Affiliation, and Intimacy significantly predicted the FQ factor Attitudes. Furthermore, the Attitude toward Facebook mediated the associations between the motives Power/Affiliation and Online Sociability. However, these results were only found for the European sample. The associations found suggest the important role of different motives such as Power/Affiliation for the study of Facebook use. The present work shows the possibility of motivational factors for Facebook use to differ depending on the culture. The study adds to the literature by investigating a classic motivation theory in the context of Facebook use.
Ambient Noise Tomography Images Accreted Terranes and Igneous Provinces in Hispaniola and Puerto Rico
Authors: Quiros D. A. , Pulliam J. , Barman D. , Polanco Rivera E. , Huerfano V. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe North American‐Caribbean plate boundary near the islands of Hispaniola and Puerto Rico is a complex region in which strain is accommodated by different modes of deformation. In 2013, 16 broadband stations were deployed in the Dominican Republic to densify the local permanent network. One goal is to combine their data with those from permanent networks in the Caribbean to develop a better understanding of the crust and upper mantle structure in the Greater Antilles. Here we use the records of 204 stations spanning almost 7 years of data to obtain group velocity maps. We observe at short periods the contacts between accreted terranes and the igneous provinces of Hispaniola and Puerto Rico, at longer periods the collisional boundary between the buoyant Bahamas Carbonate Platform and Hispaniola, and the transition from Hispaniola's accreted terranes to the faster lithosphere of the Venezuelan Basin and Cayman Trough.
Inhibition of Grain Boundary Sliding in Fine‐Grained Ice by Intergranular Particles: Implications for Planetary Ice Masses
Authors: Qi Chao , Stern Laura A. , Pathare Asmin , Durham William B. , Goldsby David L. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIce in both terrestrial and planetary settings often contains rock particles. Here we present an experimental investigation of the influence of intergranular particles on the rheological behavior of ice. Experiments were performed on samples fabricated from 10‐μm ice powders +1‐μm graphite or 0.8‐μm alumina particles and subjected to elevated confining pressures. A critical particle fraction, ∼6%, was observed, below which samples behave like pure ice and deform by both grain boundary sliding (GBS) and dislocation creep, and above which GBS creep is impeded. Above this critical fraction, ice grains occur in particle‐free clusters surrounded by bands of particles mixed with fine‐grained ice, resulting in the impedance of GBS in the bands as well as sliding between the ice clusters. Our results imply that South Polar Layered Deposits and midlatitude lobate debris aprons on Mars must contain >94% ice and that the shallow subsurface of Ceres could contain >90% ice.
Transport of Mass and Energy in Mercury's Plasma Sheet
Authors: Poh Gangkai , Slavin James A. , Jia Xianzhe , Sun Wei‐Jie , Raines Jim M. , Imber Suzanne M. , DiBraccio Gina A. , Gershman Daniel J. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractWe examined the transport of mass and energy in Mercury's plasma sheet (PS) using MESSENGER magnetic field and plasma measurements obtained during 759 PS crossings. Regression analysis of proton density and plasma pressure shows a strong linear relationship. We calculated the polytropic index γ for Mercury's PS to be ~0.687, indicating that the plasma in the tail PS behaves nonadiabatically as it is transported sunward. Using the average magnetic field intensity of Mercury's tail lobe as a proxy for magnetotail activity level, we demonstrated that γ is lower during active time periods. A minimum in γ was observed at R ~ 1.4 RM, which coincides with previously observed location of Mercury's substorm current wedge. We suggest that the nonadiabatic behavior of plasma as it is transported into Mercury's near‐tail region is primarily driven by particle precipitation and particle scattering due to large loss cone and particle acceleration effect, respectively.
Deep Transient Slow Slip Detected by Survey GPS in the Region of Atacama, Chile
Authors: Klein E. , Duputel Z. , Zigone D. , Vigny C. , Boy J.‐P. , Doubre C. , Meneses G. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractWe detected a long‐term transient deformation signal between 2014 and 2016 in the Atacama region (Chile) using survey Global Positioning System (GPS) observations. Over an ∼150 km along‐strike region, survey GPS measurements in 2014 and 2016 deviate significantly from the interseismic trend estimated using previous observations. This deviation from steady state deformation is spatially coherent and reveals a horizontal westward diverging motion of several centimeters, along with a significant uplift. It is confirmed by continuous measurements of recently installed GPS stations. We discard instrumental, hydrological, oceanic, or atmospheric loading effects and show that the transient is likely due to deep slow slip in the transition zone of the subduction interface (∼40‐ to 60‐km depth). In addition, daily observations recorded by a continuous GPS station operating between 2002 and 2015 highlight similar transient signals in 2005 and 2009, suggesting a recurrent pattern.
Localized Plumes Drive Front‐Wide Ocean Melting of A Greenlandic Tidewater Glacier
Authors: Slater D. A. , Straneo F. , Das S. B. , Richards C. G. , Wagner T. J. W. , Nienow P. W. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractRecent acceleration of Greenland's ocean‐terminating glaciers has substantially amplified the ice sheet's contribution to global sea level. Increased oceanic melting of these tidewater glaciers is widely cited as the likely trigger, and is thought to be highest within vigorous plumes driven by freshwater drainage from beneath glaciers. Yet melting of the larger part of calving fronts outside of plumes remains largely unstudied. Here we combine ocean observations collected within 100 m of a tidewater glacier with a numerical model to show that unlike previously assumed, plumes drive an energetic fjord‐wide circulation which enhances melting along the entire calving front. Compared to estimates of melting within plumes alone, this fjord‐wide circulation effectively doubles the glacier‐wide melt rate, and through shaping the calving front has a potential dynamic impact on calving. Our results suggest that melting driven by fjord‐scale circulation should be considered in process‐based projections of Greenland's sea level contribution.
Geophysical Monitoring of Moisture‐Induced Landslides: A Review
Authors: Whiteley J. S. , Chambers J. E. , Uhlemann S. , Wilkinson P. B. , Kendall J. M. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractGeophysical monitoring of landslides can provide insights into spatial and temporal variations of subsurface properties associated with slope failure. Recent improvements in equipment, data analysis, and field operations have led to a significant increase in the use of such techniques in monitoring. Geophysical methods complement intrusive approaches, which sample only a very small proportion of the subsurface, and walk‐over or remotely sensed data, which principally provide information only at the ground surface. In particular, recent studies show that advances in geophysical instrumentation, data processing, modeling, and interpretation in the context of landslide monitoring are significantly improving the characterization of hillslope hydrology and soil and rock hydrology and strength and their dynamics over time. This review appraises the state of the art of geophysical monitoring, as applied to moisture‐induced landslides. Here we focus on technical and practical uses of time‐lapse methods in geophysics applied to monitoring moisture‐induced landslide. The case studies identified in this review show that several geophysical techniques are currently used in the monitoring of subsurface landslide processes. These geophysical contributions to monitoring and predicting the evolution of landslide processes are currently underrealized. Hence, the further integration of multiple‐parametric and geotechnically coupled geophysical monitoring systems has considerable potential. The complementary nature of certain methods to map the distribution of subsurface moisture and elastic moduli will greatly increase the predictive and monitoring capacity of early warning systems in moisture‐induced landslide settings.
Enhancing the ISIS‐I Topside Digital Ionogram Database
Authors: Benson Robert F. , Bilitza Dieter , Fung Shing F. , Truhlik Vladimir , Wang Yongli 
Published: November 2018

AbstractSelected original analog telemetry tapes from three of the topside‐sounder satellites of the International Satellites for Ionospheric Studies (ISIS) program, namely Alouette 2, ISIS I, and ISIS II, were used in an earlier project to produce more than ½ million digital topside ionograms; the resulting digital topside ionograms from ISIS II were used to produce more than 86,000 globally distributed vertical topside ionospheric electron density profiles Ne(h) that cover a time span of more than a solar cycle. These Ne(h) were produced using the Topside Ionogram Scaler with True height algorithm auto‐scaling software. Before attempting to automatically process Alouette‐2 or ISIS‐I ionograms, a data‐enhancement project was initiated so as to increase the number of ionograms suitable for manual scaling and to increase the auto‐processing success rate. These enhancements were mainly to correct problems that often occurred during the analog‐to‐digital conversion of the original telemetry tapes. Here we illustrate the improvements made to the ISIS‐I digital topside ionograms and compare Ne values at the satellite altitude and Ne(h) profiles, based on the manual scaling of selected ionograms, to both the auto‐scaled values and the predictions of the International Reference Ionosphere 2016 model. The results indicate the need to improve the available auto‐processing software for the new ISIS‐I digital ionograms and that International Reference Ionosphere 2016 predicts midlatitude winter topside Ne values that are too high in the late morning and at noon but too low in the early morning.