bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bio‐Inspired Synthesis of Hematite Mesocrystals by Using Xonotlite Nanowires as Growth Modifiers and Their Improved Oxygen Evolution Activity
Authors: Liu Yang‐Yi , Chang Fu‐Jia , Gao Huai‐Ling , Chen Si‐Ming , Gao Min‐Rui , Zheng Ya‐Rong , Cölfen Helmut , He Chuan‐Xin , Yu Shu‐Hong 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBio‐inspired synthesis of functional materials with highly ordered structure and tunable properties is of particular interest, but efficient approaches that allow the access of these materials are still limited. A method has been developed for the preparation of hematite particles by using xonotlite nanowires (XNWs) as growth modifiers. The concentration of the XNWs has a profound effect on the final morphology of the products, whereas the concentration of the iron(III) ions can control the size of the hematite particles. The underlying mechanism of the bio‐inspired XNW‐modified mineralization process has been proposed. The obtained hematite particles exhibit good catalytic performance in the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), affording a current density of 10 mA cm−2 with an overpotential of 370 mV, a small Tafel slope of 65 mV dec−1, and good stability in alkaline electrolyte. This strategy for preparing functional materials by using nanowires as the growth modifiers has great potential for future application in the construction of various materials with hierarchical structures.
Label‐Free Analysis of Red Blood Cell Storage Lesions Using Imaging Flow Cytometry
Authors: Pinto Ruben N. , Sebastian Joseph A. , Parsons Michael J. , Chang Tim C. , Turner Tracey R. , Acker Jason P. , Kolios Michael C. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractDeleterious changes, collectively termed as storage lesions, alter the characteristics of red blood cell (RBC) morphology during in vitro storage. Due to gradual loss of cellular membrane, RBCs lose their original biconcave disk shape and begin a process of spherical deformation that is characterized by well‐defined morphological criteria. At the spheroechinocyte stage, the structure of RBC is irreversibly damaged and lacks the elasticity necessary to efficiently deliver oxygen. Quantifying the prevalence of spheroechinocytes could provide an important morphological measure of the quality of stored blood products. Unlike the conventional RBC morphology characterization assay involving light microscopy, we introduce a label‐free assay using imaging flow cytometry (IFC). The technique captures 100,000 images of a sample and calculates a relative measure of spheroechinocyte population in a fraction of the time required by the conventional method. A comparative method study, measuring a morphological index for 11 RCC units through storage, found that the two techniques measured similar trends with IFC reporting the metric at an average of 3.9% higher. We monitored 18 RCC units between Weeks 1 and 6 of storage and found that the spheroechinocyte population increased by an average of 26.2%. The large (3.5–64.1%) variation between the units' spheroechinocyte population percentage at Week 1 suggests a possible dependence of blood product quality on donor characteristics. Given our method's ability to rapidly monitor large samples and refine morphological characterization beyond conventional methods, we believe our technique offers good potential for studying the underlying relationships between RBC morphology and blood storage lesions. © 2019 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Cytological features of a renal angiomyolipoma in a child—A case report
Authors: Jain Kavita , Das Mou , Chatterjee Uttara , Datta Chhanda 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAngiomyolipoma (AML) earlier thought to be a hamartomatous lesion is now considered as a rare neoplasm of the kidney. A 6‐year‐old child presented with an abdominal mass. CT scans showed a multiloculated mass with variable attenuation raising the possibility of AML. FNAC done from the lesion also suggested possibility of AML, which was later confirmed on the histology of the resected specimen. There is sparse literature available describing the cytologic diagnosis of AML in children. Hence, we take this opportunity to describe the cytological findings of a case of pediatric renal AML.
Modeling current and potential distributions of mammal species using presence‐only data: A case study on British deer
Authors: Croft Simon , Ward Alastair I. , Aegerter James N. , Smith Graham C. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAimDecisions on wildlife conservation, management, and epidemiological risk are best based on robust evidence. The continual improvement of species distributions, such that they can be relied upon in decision‐making, is important. Here we seek to refine aspects of a generic modelling approach and improve the utility of species distribution maps.LocationGreat Britain (GB).MethodsWe applied a modeling framework based on hierarchical Bayesian species distribution models exploiting opportunistic occurrence records from citizen science datasets to predict both current and potential distributions for each of the six deer species known to be present in GB. Using the resulting maps, we performed a simple analysis of the overlap between species to illustrate possible contact, which we interpret as the relative risk of potential disease spread given an introduction.ResultsPredicted distribution maps showed good agreement with the broader scale occurrence reported by a recent national deer survey with an average True Skill Statistics and AUC of 0.69 and 0.89, respectively. Aggregation of the maps for all species highlighted regions of central and eastern England as well as parts of Scotland where extensive areas of range overlap could result in interspecific contact with consequences for risk assessments for diseases of deer. However, if populations are allowed to expand to their predicted potential, then areas of overlap, and therefore disease interspecific transmission risk, will become extensive and widespread across all of mainland Britain.Main conclusionsThe generic modeling approach outlined performed well across all of the deer species tested, offering a robust and reliable tool through which current and potential animal distributions can be estimated and presented. Our application, intended to inform quantitative risk assessments, demonstrates the practical use of such outputs to generate the valuable evidence required to inform policy decisions on issues such as management strategy.
Gene‐diet quality interactions on haemoglobin A1c and type 2 diabetes risk: The Airwave Health Monitoring Study
Authors: Eriksen Rebeca , Gibson Rachel , Aresu Maria , Heard Andy , Chan Queenie , Evangelou Evangelos , Gao He , Elliott Paul , Frost Gary 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIntroductionType 2 diabetes (T2D) is multifactorial involving lifestyle, environmental and genetic risk factors. This study aims to investigate the impact of genetic interactions with alcohol and diet quality on glycated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) independent of obesity, in a British population.MethodsCross‐sectional study of 14 089 white British participants from Airwave Health Monitoring Study and a subsample of 3733 participants with dietary data. A T2D genetic risk score (GRS) was constructed, and its interactions with diet on HbA1c were assessed.ResultsGRS was associated with a higher HbA1c% (β = 0.03, P < 0.0001) and a higher risk of prediabetes (OR = 1.09, P < 0.0001) and T2D (OR = 1.14, P = 0.006). The genetic effect on HbA1c% was significantly higher in obese participants (β = 1.88, Pinteraction = 0.03). A high intake of wholegrain attenuated the effect on HbA1c% in high‐risk individuals Pinteraction = 0.04.ConclusionThe genetic effect on HbA1c was almost doubled in obese individuals, compared with those with a healthy weight, and independent of weight, there was a modest offset on HbA1c in high‐genetic‐risk individuals consuming a diet high in wholegrain. This supports the importance of a healthy diet high in wholegrains and along with maintaining a healthy weight in controlling HbA1c among high‐genetic‐risk groups.
Electroanalytical Determination of Paracetamol Using Pd Nanoparticles Deposited on Carboxylated Graphene Oxide Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode
Authors: Saleem Shaimaa Jameel , Guler Muhammet 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe study presents a novel paracetamol (PA) sensor based on Pd nanoparticles (PdNPs) deposited on carboxylated graphene oxide (GO−COOH) and nafion (Nf) modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE). The morphologies of the as prepared composites were characterized using high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The experimental results demonstrated that Nf/GO−COOPd displayed excellent electrocatalytic response to the oxidation PA. The linear range was 0.04–800 μM for PA with limit of detection of 0.012 μM and excellent sensitivity of 232.89 μA mM−1 cm−2. By considering the excellent performance of Nf/GO−COOPd composite such as wider linear range, lower detection, better selectivity, repeatability, reproducibility, and storage stability, the prepared composite, especially GO−COOH support, with satisfactory electrocatalytic properties was a promising material for the modification of electrode material in electrochemical sensor and biosensor field.
Sensitive Simultaneous Determination of Rutin and Folic Acid with the Use of a Solid Lead Electrode by Means of Adsorptive Stripping Voltammetry
Authors: Ochab Mateusz , Gęca Iwona , Korolczuk Mieczyslaw 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn this article a solid lead electrode (PbE) was utilized for the first time for determination of organic substances by means of adsorptive stripping voltammetry. A new procedure of simultaneous determination of rutin and folic acid was developed. Two well shaped and well separated reduction signals of rutin and folic acid were obtained with the use of PbE. The optimization of analytical procedure was presented. The calibration graphs for rutin and folic acid for an accumulation time of 120 s were linear in the ranges from 2×10−9 to 1×10−7 mol L−1 and from 2×10−9 to 5×10−8 mol L−1, respectively. The obtained detection limits for rutin and folic acid determination following accumulation time of 120 s were 7.9×10−10 and 8.4×10−10 mol L−1. Potential interference effects were investigated. The proposed procedure was used for analysis of pharmaceutical preparations with satisfactory results showing practical applications. The analytical parameters of the proposed procedure were compared with other voltammetric procedures of mentioned substances determination.
Geochronology and geochemistry of the Sikongshan intrusion in the Dabie Orogen, Central China: Implication for Mesozoic geodynamic background
Authors: Liu Xiaoqiang , Yan Jun 
Published: July 2019

The Sikongshan (SKS) intrusion, the largest pluton situated in the Central Dabie unit of the Dabie Orogen (DBO), is composed of monzogranite and quartz diorite. A study combining whole‐rock major and trace element analysis, zircon U–Pb dating, as well as zircon in situ Lu–Hf isotopes was conducted for the SKS intrusion. Zircon dating yielded U–Pb ages of 136 ± 1.6 Ma and 134.6 ± 1.7 to 130.4 ± 1.7 Ma for quartz diorites and monzogranites, respectively, both types belonging to the early stage of the Mesozoic magmatism in the DBO. The quartz diorites exhibited high Na2O (Na2O/K2O = 1.60–1.86) and Sr (1,185–1,365 ppm) and low Y (11.6–14.2 ppm) contents, and therefore high Sr/Y (83.45–108.19) ratios. They also had high ratios of (Dy/Yb)N (48.42–54.91) and (Dy/Yb)N (1.47–1.53). The monzogranites were enriched in K2O (Na2O/K2O = 0.64–0.99) and were also characterized by low Y (5.6–14.7 ppm) contents and high Sr/Y ratios with a geochemical affinity similar to that of the adakites. However, the Sr (<358 ppm) and Al2O3 (3.31–14.92%) contents were much lower than those in typical adakites and quartz diorites. Both the quartz diorites and monzogranites had trace element signatures similar to that of continental crust with enriched levels of Rb, Ba, Th, U, and LREE and depleted levels of Nb, Ta, P, and Ti, indicating their crustal origin. Following an integrated review of these and other data from previous studies, it was concluded that the Sikongshan quartz diorite originated from the thickened lower crust of the DBO, with a composition similar to that of the Huangtuling granulite, which is the exposed lower crust of the DBO. The monzogranite was generated by plagioclase + amphibolite fractional crystallization of the adakitic Tiantangzhai melt. The adakitic rocks in the DBO originated in the western part during 143 to 134 Ma and then spread extensively throughout the whole orogen (134 to 130 Ma). The collapse of the thickened mountain root in the DBO at an extensional setting may be related to the roll‐back of the subducted Paleo‐Pacific slab.
Data‐driven model optimization for optically pumped magnetometer sensor arrays
Authors: Duque‐Muñoz Leonardo , Tierney Tim M. , Meyer Sofie S. , Boto Elena , Holmes Niall , Roberts Gillian , Leggett James , Vargas‐Bonilla J. F. , Bowtell Richard , Brookes Matthew J. , López Jose D. , Barnes Gareth R. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractOptically pumped magnetometers (OPMs) have reached sensitivity levels that make them viable portable alternatives to traditional superconducting technology for magnetoencephalography (MEG). OPMs do not require cryogenic cooling and can therefore be placed directly on the scalp surface. Unlike cryogenic systems, based on a well‐characterised fixed arrays essentially linear in applied flux, OPM devices, based on different physical principles, present new modelling challenges. Here, we outline an empirical Bayesian framework that can be used to compare between and optimise sensor arrays. We perturb the sensor geometry (via simulation) and with analytic model comparison methods estimate the true sensor geometry. The width of these perturbation curves allows us to compare different MEG systems. We test this technique using simulated and real data from SQUID and OPM recordings using head‐casts and scanner‐casts. Finally, we show that given knowledge of underlying brain anatomy, it is possible to estimate the true sensor geometry from the OPM data themselves using a model comparison framework. This implies that the requirement for accurate knowledge of the sensor positions and orientations a priori may be relaxed. As this procedure uses the cortical manifold as spatial support there is no co‐registration procedure or reliance on scalp landmarks.
Quality of care and short and long‐term outcomes of oropharyngeal cancer care in the elderly
Authors: Gourin Christine G. , Herbert Robert J. , Quon Harry , Fakhry Carole , Kiess Ana P. , Eisele David W. , Frick Kevin D. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo examine associations between quality, short‐term and long‐term treatment‐related outcomes, and costs in elderly patients treated for oropharyngeal squamous cell cancer (OPSCC).MethodsWe retrospectively evaluated Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)‐Medicare data from 666 patients diagnosed with OPSCC from 2004 to 2007 using multivariate regression and survival analysis. Quality indicators were derived from guidelines for recommended care and performance measures.ResultsHigher quality care was associated with lower risk of death in patients with dysphagia (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.44 [0.32‐0.60]), weight loss (HR = 0.42 [0.28‐0.62]), gastrostomy (HR = 0.47 [0.33‐0.68]), airway obstruction (HR = 0.41 [0.27‐0.62]), tracheostomy (HR = 0.17 [0.05‐0.67]), and pneumonia (HR = 0.53 [0.33‐0.85]). There were no significant differences in mean incremental costs associated with airway and swallowing impairment for patients receiving higher quality care.ConclusionsHigher quality OPSCC care was associated with improved survival in elderly patients with airway and swallowing impairment. These data suggest that greater adherence to evidence‐based guidelines has favorable implications for long‐term outcomes.
Validation of instrument reprocessing methods for the Ipas manual vacuum aspiration devices
Authors: Powell Bill , Kapp Nathalie 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo validate recommended reprocessing methods for Ipas manual vacuum aspiration (MVA) devices.MethodsAll recommended reprocessing methods for Ipas MVA devices were tested for effectiveness in cleaning, achieving high‐level disinfection (HLD) and/or sterilization, and any physical effects on instruments. Worst‐case scenario testing was performed using artificial soil and microorganisms. Study protocols replicated standard steps for reprocessing. The specified method for reprocessing was performed 25 times on multiple devices, including controls. After runs 1, 2, 3, 15, and 25, devices and controls were analyzed for: microbial growth; residual soils; surface damage; and functionality.ResultsAll samples were negative for microbial growth and residual soils. On inspection and functionality testing, no damage was observed for aspirators and cannulae except with STERRAD and Cidex OPA. Other methods of HLD and sterilization did not affect surfaces or functionality through 25 cycles.DiscussionIpas MVA devices were not negatively affected following validated instrument reprocessing methods for HLD or sterilization for up to 25 reuse cycles. STERRAD and Cidex OPA did not meet assessed standards and are therefore not recommended. Strict adherence to guidance is critical for effective reprocessing of instruments.
Toxic effects and involved molecular pathways of nanoparticles on cells and subcellular organelles
Authors: Liu Na , Tang Meng 
Published: July 2019

AbstractOwing to the increasing application of engineered nanoparticles (NPs), besides the workplace, human beings are also exposed to NPs from nanoproducts through the skin, respiratory tract, digestive tract and vein injection. This review states pathways of cellular uptake, subcellular distribution and excretion of NPs. The uptake pathways commonly include phagocytosis, micropinocytosis, clathrin‐ and caveolae‐mediated endocytosis, scavenger receptor‐related pathway, clathrin‐ or caveolae‐independent pathway, and direct penetration or insertion. Then the ability of NPs to decrease cell viability and metabolic activity, change cell morphology, and destroy cell membrane, cytoskeleton and cell function was presented. In addition, the lowest dose decreasing cell metabolic viability compared with the control or IC50 of silver, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, carbon black, carbon nanotubes, silica, silicon NPs and cadmium telluride quantum dots to some cell lines was gathered. Next, this review attempts to increase our understanding of NP‐caused adverse effects on organelles, which have implications in mitochondrial dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum stress and lysosomal rupture. In particular, the disturbance of mitochondrial biogenesis and mitochondrial dynamic fusion‐fission, mitophagy and cytochrome c‐dependent apoptosis are involved. In addition, prolonged endoplasmic reticulum stress will result in apoptosis. Rupture of the lysosomal membrane was associated with inflammation, and both induction of autophagy and blockade of autophagic flow can result in cytotoxicity. Finally, the network mechanism of the combined action of multiple organelle dysfunction, apoptosis, autophagy and oxidative stress was discussed.
Effect of Bisphosphonates on Function and Mobility Among Children With Osteogenesis Imperfecta: A Systematic Review
Authors: Constantino Christopher S. , Krzak Joseph J. , Fial Alissa V. , Kruger Karen M. , Rammer Jacob R. , Radmanovic Katarina , Smith Peter A. , Harris Gerald F. 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTOsteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a rare genetic connective tissue disorder that results in bone fragility and deformity. Management is multi‐disciplinary. Although pharmacologic intervention with bisphosphonates (BP) is a standard of care for individuals with severe OI, no consensus or reviews were found that focus on the effects of bisphosphonates on function and mobility. PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and PEDro databases were searched for eligible articles for this review. Methodological quality was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration's tool for risk of bias. Twenty‐six studies (801 children) were reviewed and five showed a low risk of bias. Included studies showed significant variability among clinical protocols for administering BP. Randomized controlled trials did not demonstrate a significant improvement in function and mobility with oral BP administration, while non‐randomized open‐label uncontrolled studies demonstrated that oral and intravenous BP administration objectively improved function and mobility. The most common outcome measure used by the studies included in this review was the Bleck score. Effect sizes (d = 0.28 ‐ 4.5) varied among studies. This systematic review also summarized the apparent confounding variables affecting results of previous studies and provided suggestions to improve the quality of future studies.
Effect of Denosumab on Femoral Periprosthetic BMD and Early Femoral Stem Subsidence in Postmenopausal Women Undergoing Cementless Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Aro Hannu T , Nazari‐Farsani Sanaz , Vuopio Mia , Löyttyniemi Eliisa , Mattila Kimmo 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTAntiresorptive denosumab is known to improve the quality and strength of cortical bone in the proximal femurs of osteoporotic women, but its efficacy in preventing periprosthetic bone loss and reducing femoral stem migration has not been studied in women undergoing cementless total hip arthroplasty. We conducted a single‐center, randomized, double‐blinded, placebo‐controlled trial of 65 postmenopausal women with primary hip osteoarthritis and Dorr type A or B proximal femur anatomy. The patients randomly received subcutaneous injections of denosumab 60 mg or placebo once every 6 months for 12 months, starting 1 month before surgery. The primary endpoint was the change in bone mineral density (BMD) of the proximal femur (Gruen zone 7) at week 48, and the secondary endpoint was stem subsidence measured by radiostereometric analysis (RSA) at week 48. Exploratory endpoints included changes in BMDs of the contralateral hip, lumbar spine and distal radius, serum levels of bone turnover markers, walking speed, walking activity, patient‐reported outcome measures, and radiographic assessment of stem osseointegration. The participants underwent vertebral‐fracture assessment in an extension safety study at 3 years. Denosumab significantly decreased bone loss in the medial femoral neck (zone 7) and increased periprosthetic BMD in the greater trochanteric region (zone 1) and lesser trochanteric region (zone 6). Denosumab did not reduce temporary femoral stem migration. The migration occurred mainly during the settling period (0 to 12 weeks) after implantation of the prosthesis. All of the stems osseointegrated, as evaluated by RSA and radiographs. There were no intergroup differences in functional recovery. Discontinuation of denosumab did not lead to any adverse events. In conclusion, denosumab increased periprosthetic BMD in the clinically relevant regions of the proximal femur, but the treatment response was not associated with any reduction of initial stem migration. © 2019 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.