bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parameter estimation of aircraft using extreme learning machine and Gauss-Newton algorithm
Authors: Verma H. O. , Peyada N. K. 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTThe research paper addresses the problem of estimating aerodynamic parameters using a Gauss-Newton-based optimisation method. The process of the optimisation method lies on the principle of minimising the residual error between the measured and simulated responses of the system. Usually, the simulated response is obtained by integrating the dynamic equations of the system, which is found to be susceptible to the initial values, and the integration method. With the advent of the feedforward neural network, the data-driven regression methods have been widely used for identification of the system. Among them, a variant of feedforward neural network, extreme learning machine, which has proven the performance in terms of computational cost, generalisation, and so forth, has been addressed to predict the responses in the present study. The real flight data of longitudinal and lateral-directional motion have been considered to estimate their respective aerodynamic parameters. Furthermore, the estimates have been validated with the values of the classical estimation methods, such as the equation-error and filter-error methods. The sample standard deviations of the estimates demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. Lastly, the proof-of-match exercise has been conducted with the other set of flight data to validate the estimated parameters.
Pilot Study on Risk Perceptions and Knowledge of Fentanyl Exposure Among New York State First Responders
Authors: Persaud Eric , Jennings Charles R. 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTObjectives:The present opioid epidemic and abuse of fentanyl in the United States has led to an increased risk of exposure to first responders. Law enforcement, fire, and emergency medical services are receiving misinformation on fentanyl health and safety risks and this has led to miscommunication. Understanding the risk perceptions and knowledge of first responders regarding fentanyl can help identify training gaps.Methods:A 15-item 6-point Likert scale online questionnaire was developed and distributed to firefighters, police officers, and emergency medical technicians, regarding perceptions of fentanyl exposure, and additional questions concerning knowledge. The online questionnaire was sent to 15 associations of national and New York State first responders with 3 associations acknowledging and distributing the survey.Results:Of the 247 participants, 187 served New York State; 92 worked in law enforcement; and the other 95 worked in either fire, emergency medical service, or both. New York State first responders generally agreed with expert risk perceptions and knowledge of fentanyl exposure in the pilot study. Items pertaining to using hand sanitizer, selecting glove type, and dermal exposure to fentanyl had lower agreement with expert beliefs.Conclusions:Risk perceptions and knowledge could be used to evaluate fentanyl response training among first responders.
First occurrence of an Ophiohelidae species in the Mediterranean: the high abundances ofOphiomyces grandisfrom the Mallorca Channel seamounts
Authors: Ordines Francesc , Ramírez-Amaro Sergio , Fernandez-Arcaya Ulla , Marco-Herrero Elena , Massutí Enric 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe first record of the ophiuroid family Ophiohelidae from the Mediterranean Sea is reported. It consists of the description of the new record ofOphiomyces grandisfrom the Mallorca Channel seamounts in the Balearic Islands, western Mediterranean, where it shows high abundances. We present both the morphological description of the individuals collected and, for the first time, the cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) sequence of this species. The morphological traits of our specimens match the available descriptions ofO. grandis. On the other hand, molecular analyses show a large genetic distance betweenO. grandisandOphiomyces delata, the two species being very similar morphologically. Despite the high abundances ofO. grandisreported here, previous surveys in the Mallorca Channel seamounts using ROV did not detect it, emphasizing the importance of beam trawl sampling to improving the biodiversity description of these geomorphological sea bottom features.
Breaking the web: life beyond the at-risk mental state for psychosis
Authors: Perez Jesus , Jones Peter B. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractPsychiatry's most recent foray into the area of risk and prevention has been spear-headed by work on at-risk mental states for psychotic disorders. Twenty-five years' research and clinical application have led us to reformulate the clinical evolution of these syndromes, blurred unhelpful conceptual boundaries between childhood and adult life by adopting a developmental view and has changed the shape of many mental health services as part of a global movement to increase quality. But there are problems: fragmentary psychotic experiences are common in young people but transition from risk-state to full syndrome is uncommon away from specialist clinics with rarefied referrals and can, anyway, be subtle; diagnostic over-shadowing by the prospect of schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders may divert clinical attention from the kaleidoscopic and disabling range of probably treatable psychopathology with which people with risk syndromes present. We use a 19th Century lyric poem, The Lady of Shallot, as an allegory for Psychiatry warning us against regarding these mental states only as pointers towards diagnoses that probably will not occur. Viewed from the fresh perspective of common mental disorders they tell us a great deal about the psychopathological crucible of the second and third decades, the nature of diagnosis, and point towards new treatment paradigms.
Incidental and explicit learning of L2 derivational morphology and the nature of acquired knowledge
Authors: Ishikawa Keiichi 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe aim of the current study was to compare both incidental and explicit auditory learning of second language derivational morphology by measuring the accuracy and the reaction time of a grammaticality judgment task. Furthermore, the study was set up to examine the nature of acquired knowledge using subjective measures of awareness during the testing phases and postexperimental verbal reports. The delayed effects of learning were investigated by testing participants immediately after the learning and 1 week later also. The results showed a significant learning effect for the incidental and explicit learners immediately after exposure, but only the explicit learners maintained the learning effects a week later. Both types of learners showed no significant difference in the reaction time. Incidental learners primarily developed implicit knowledge, while explicit learners relied on explicit knowledge to a large extent, part of which became unconscious later. The differences of learning under incidental and explicit learning conditions are discussed in terms of the maintenance of knowledge.
Jean does the dishes while Marie fixes the car: a qualitative and quantitative study of social gender in French syntax articles
Authors: Richy Célia , Burnett Heather 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTThis article addresses the question of gender bias observed in constructed examples of French syntax articles. Drawing our inspiration from Macaulay and Brice (1997) and Pabst et al. (2018)’s studies of English, we investigate the way women and men are depicted in constructed examples in syntax articles in French. We looked at grammatical functions, thematic roles and lexical choices and found a strong male bias in the use of gendered noun phrases (i.e. more references to men than to women; men are more likely to be in a subject position as well as being referred to via pronouns, and more likely to be agents and experiencers). Furthermore, women and men are not related to the same lexical choices. Besides, since French is a grammatical gender language where masculine gender can also be intended as gender neutral, we designed a second study to investigate masculine marked noun phrases (ambiguous masculines, AMs). When we compared AM noun phrases to female and male arguments in terms of grammatical functions and thematic roles, we found that, in production, they were different than true masculines. We discuss the implications of our results for the meaning of ‘gender neutral masculines’ and for practices anchoring gender discrimination.
How and why does discretionary food consumption change when we promote fruit and vegetables? Results from the ShopSmart randomised controlled trial
Authors: Opie Rachelle S , McNaughton Sarah A , Crawford David , Abbott Gavin , Ball Kylie 
Published: October 2019

AbstractObjective:The present study aimed to identify whether discretionary food consumption declined in an intervention focused primarily on promoting fruit and vegetable consumption. We also aimed to identify potential mediators explaining intervention effects on discretionary food consumption.Design:Secondary analysis of data from the ShopSmart study, a randomised controlled trial involving a 6-month intervention promoting fruit and vegetable consumption. Linear regression models examined intervention effects on discretionary food consumption at intervention completion (T2). A half-longitudinal mediator analyses was performed to examine the potential mediating effect of personal and environmental factors on the association between the intervention effects and discretionary food consumption. Indirect (mediated) effects were tested by the product of coefficients method with bootstrappedseusing Andrew Hayes’ PROCESS macro for SPSS.Setting:Women were recruited via the Coles FlyBuys loyalty card database in socio-economically disadvantaged suburbs of Melbourne, Australia.Participants:Analyses included 225 women (116 intervention and 109 control).Results:Compared with controls, intervention participants consumed fewer discretionary foods at T2, after adjusting for key confounders (B= −0·194, 95 % CI −0·378, −0·010 servings/d;P= 0·039). While some mediators were associated with the outcome (taste, outcome expectancies, self-efficacy, time constraints), there was no evidence that they mediated intervention effects.Conclusions:The study demonstrated that a behavioural intervention promoting fruit and vegetable consumption among socio-economically disadvantaged participants was effective in reducing discretionary food intake. Although specific mediators were not identified, researchers should continue searching for mechanisms by which interventions have an effect to guide future programme design.
Spatial Distribution of Random Velocity Inhomogeneities in the Southern Aegean From Inversion of S Wave Peak Delay Times
Authors: Ranjan P. , Konstantinou K.I. , Andinisari R. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe southern Aegean is characterized by an ongoing process of oceanic subduction. In this study, 1,718 intermediate depth (>35 km) events recorded in the southern Aegean are used to calculate the peak delay times (tp). The tp are measured as the time difference between S wave onset and the peak of the S wave envelope in 2‐to 4‐, 4‐ to 8‐, 8‐ to 16‐, and 16‐ to 32‐Hz bands. The tp are also inverted to estimate the scattering parameters (κ and εparam) and power spectral density function (P (m)) at large wave numbers (m = 15 km−1 or ml) of the medium modeled as von Kármán type. κ controls frequency dependence of scattering while P (ml) represents the scattering strength in high frequencies for ɑml >> 1 (ɑ = correlation length of inhomogeneities). High P (ml) with low κ across Peloponnese in 0‐ to 20‐km depth may result from intermixing of oceanic material with continental rocks at different levels with a possibility of fluid activity and salt diapirism in northwest Peloponnese. Moderate P (ml) in 0‐ to 60‐km depth across Crete is likely due to a combination of factors including past megathrust earthquakes, sediment underplating, and flow of metamorphosed material in a subduction channel. Cyclades shows low κ in 0‐ to 40‐km depth, indicative of inhomogeneities produced by metamorphic core complexes. Very low κ in 60‐ to 80‐km depth is consistent with the location of mantle magma reservoir in the back‐arc region. Our results suggest that a significant portion of total S wave attenuation (Qs−1) in eastern Cyclades for 20‐ to 80‐km depth may be due to scattering losses.
Genome-wide association study reveals dynamic role of genetic variation in infant and early childhood growth
Authors: Helgeland Øyvind , Vaudel Marc , Juliusson Petur B. , Lingaas Holmen Oddgeir , Juodakis Julius , Bacelis Jonas , Jacobsson Bo , Lindekleiv Haakon , Hveem Kristian , Lie Rolv Terje , Knudsen Gun Peggy , Stoltenberg Camilla , Magnus Per , Sagen Jørn V. , Molven Anders , Johansson Stefan , Njølstad Pål Rasmus 
Published: October 2019

AbstractInfant and childhood growth are dynamic processes with large changes in BMI during development. By performing genome-wide association studies of BMI at 12 time points from birth to eight years (9286 children, 74,105 measurements) in the Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort Study, replicated in 5235 children, we identify a transient effect in the leptin receptor (LEPR) locus: no effect at birth, increasing effect in infancy, peaking at 6–12 months (rs2767486, P6m = 2.0 × 10−21, β6m = 0.16 sd-BMI), and little effect after age five. We identify a similar transient effect near the leptin gene (LEP), peaking at 1.5 years (rs10487505, P1.5y = 1.3 × 10−8, β1.5y = 0.079 sd-BMI). Both signals are protein quantitative trait loci for soluble-LEPR and LEP in plasma in adults independent from adult traits mapped to the respective genes, suggesting key roles of common variation in the leptin signaling pathway for healthy infant growth.
Linking synthesis and structure descriptors from a large collection of synthetic records of zeolite materials
Authors: Muraoka Koki , Sada Yuki , Miyazaki Daiki , Chaikittisilp Watcharop , Okubo Tatsuya 
Published: October 2019

AbstractCorrelating synthesis conditions and their consequences is a significant challenge, particularly for materials formed as metastable phases via kinetically controlled pathways, such as zeolites, owing to a lack of descriptors that effectively illustrate the synthesis protocols and their corresponding results. This study analyzes the synthetic records of zeolites compiled from the literature using machine learning techniques to rationalize physicochemical, structural, and heuristic insights to their chemistry. The synthesis descriptors extracted from the machine learning models are used to identify structure descriptors with the appropriate importance. A similarity network of crystal structures based on the structure descriptors shows the formation of communities populated by synthetically similar materials, including those outside the dataset. Crossover experiments based on previously overlooked structural similarities reveal the synthesis similarity of zeolites, confirming the synthesis–structure relationship. This approach is applicable to any system to rationalize empirical knowledge, populate synthesis records, and discover novel materials.
Drinking water vulnerability in less-populated communities in Texas to wastewater-derived contaminants
Authors: Nguyen Thuy T. , Westerhoff Paul K. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractDe facto potable reuse occurs when treated wastewater is discharged upstream of drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs) and can lead to contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) occurring in potable water. Our prior research, focusing on larger communities that each serve >10,000 people across the USA, indicates that elevated de facto reuse (DFR) occurs in Texas, and thus we added to our model DWTPs serving smaller communities to understand their vulnerability to CECs. Here, we show that two-thirds of all surface water intakes in Texas were impacted by DFR at levels exceeding 90% during even mild droughts, and under average streamflow DFR levels range between 1 and 20%. DWTPs serving lower population communities (<10,000 people) have higher DFR levels, and fewer than 2% of these communities have advanced technologies (e.g., ozone, activated carbon) at DWTPs to remove CECs. Efforts to improve water quality in these less populated communities are an important priority. The model approach and results can be used to identify prioritization for monitoring and treatment of CECs, including in underserved communities, which normally lack knowledge of their impacts from DFR occurring within their watersheds.
Bioinspired supramolecular nanosheets of zinc chlorophyll assemblies
Authors: Shoji Sunao , Ogawa Tetsuya , Matsubara Shogo , Tamiaki Hitoshi 
Published: October 2019

AbstractTwo-dimensional sheet-like supramolecules have attracted much attention from the viewpoints of their potential application as functional (nano)materials due to unique physical and chemical properties. One of the supramolecular sheet-like nanostructures in nature is visible in the self-assemblies of bacteriochlorophyll-c–f pigments inside chlorosomes, which are major components in the antenna systems of photosynthetic green bacteria. Herein, we report artificial chlorosomal supramolecular nanosheets prepared by the self-assembly of a synthetic zinc 31-methoxy-chlorophyll derivative having amide and urea groups in the substituent at the 17-position. The semi-synthetic zinc chlorophyll derivative kinetically formed dimeric species and transformed into more thermodynamically stable chlorosomal J-aggregates in the solid state. The kinetically and thermodynamically formed self-assemblies had particle-like and sheet-like supramolecular nanostructures, respectively. The resulting nanosheets of biomimetic chlorosomal J-aggregates had flat surfaces and well-ordered supramolecular structures. The artificial sheet-like nanomaterial mimicking chlorosomal bacteriochlorophyll-c–f J-aggregates was first constructed by the model molecule, and is potentially useful for various applications including artificial light-harvesting antennas and photosyntheses.
Potential group B Streptococcus interspecies transmission between cattle and people in Colombian dairy farms
Authors: Cobo-Angel Claudia G. , Jaramillo-Jaramillo Ana S. , Palacio-Aguilera Monica , Jurado-Vargas Liliana , Calvo-Villegas Edwin A. , Ospina-Loaiza Diego A. , Rodriguez-Lecompte Juan C. , Sanchez Javier , Zadoks Ruth , Ceballos-Marquez Alejandro 
Published: October 2019

AbstractGroup BStreptococcus(GBS), is a leading cause of neonatal death and an emerging pathogen in adults. Additionally, GBS is a bovine pathogen causing intramammary infections. The likelihood of GBS interspecies transmission is largely unknown. We explored the potential transmission of GBS between cattle and people on dairy farms in Colombia and compared the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profiles of isolates from both host species. Across 33 farms, throat swabs and rectal swabs were collected from 191 people, and rectal swabs and composite milk samples from 2092 cattle, yielding 60 human isolates and 301 bovine isolates. The majority (64%) of isolates belonged to shared sequence types (ST). Sequence type (ST) 1 was the most common strain in both host species, suggesting that interspecies transmission may be possible. Two members of the bovine-specific clonal complex 61/67 were detected in human samples (ST718 and ST1175), providing evidence for the lack of genuine species barriers. Apparent prevalence of penicillin resistance was surprisingly high in human and bovine isolates. Further investigation of this phenomenon is needed and could lead to modification of standard testing and treatment recommendations in human and veterinary medicine.
Transparent and Flexible Mayan-Pyramid-based Pressure Sensor using Facile-Transferred Indium tin Oxide for Bimodal Sensor Applications
Authors: Jung Minhyun , Vishwanath Sujaya Kumar , Kim Jihoon , Ko Dae-Kwan , Park Myung-Jin , Lim Soo-Chul , Jeon Sanghun 
Published: October 2019

AbstractTransparent and conducting flexible electrodes have been successfully developed over the last few decades due to their potential applications in optoelectronics. However, recent developments in smart electronics, such as a direct human-machine interface, health-monitoring devices, motion-tracking sensors, and artificially electronic skin also require materials with multifunctional properties such as transparency, flexibility and good portability. In such devices, there remains room to develop transparent and flexible devices such as pressure sensors or temperature sensors. Herein, we demonstrate a fully transparent and flexible bimodal sensor using indium tin oxide (ITO), which is embedded in a plastic substrate. For the proposed pressure sensor, the embedded ITO is detached from its Mayan-pyramid-structured silicon mold by an environmentally friendly method which utilizes water-soluble sacrificial layers. The Mayan-pyramid-based pressure sensor is capable of six different pressure sensations with excellent sensitivity in the range of 100 Pa-10 kPa, high endurance of 105 cycles, and good pulse detection and tactile sensing data processing capabilities through machine learning (ML) algorithms for different surface textures. A 5 × 5-pixel pressure-temperature-based bimodal sensor array with a zigzag-shaped ITO temperature sensor on top of it is also demonstrated without a noticeable interface effect. This work demonstrates the potential to develop transparent bimodal sensors that can be employed for electronic skin (E-skin) applications.
ADAM10 is Expressed by Ameloblasts, Cleaves the RELT TNF Receptor Extracellular Domain and Facilitates Enamel Development
Authors: Ikeda Atsushi , Shahid Shifa , Blumberg Benjamin R. , Suzuki Maiko , Bartlett John D. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractMMP20 cleaves cadherins and may facilitate cell movement, however MMP20 is not known to cleave tight junction or desmosome proteins. Ameloblasts had not previously been screened for membrane anchored proteases that could contribute to cell movement. Here we performed a PCR screen for proteolyticlly active A Disintegrin And Metalloproteinase (ADAM) family members. These proteinases are termed sheddases because they have a transmembrane domain and their catalytic domain on the cell surface can function to release anchored proteins. Significantly, ADAMs can be targeted to specific substrates on the cell membrane through their interaction with tetraspanins. Six ADAMs (ADAM8, 9, 10, 15, 17, 19) were expressed in mouse enamel organs. We show that Adam10 expression begins in the apical loop, continues through the secretory stage and abruptly ends at the transition stage when ameloblast migration ceases. ADAM10 cleaves cadherins and tight junction plus desmosome proteins and is well characterized for its role in cell movement. ADAM10 facilitated LS8 cell migration/invasion through a Matrigel coated membrane and we demonstrate that ADAM10, but not ADAM17 cleaves the RELT extracellular domain. This striking result is significant because RELT mutations cause amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) and this directly links ADAM10 to an important role in enamel development.