bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationships of health literacy to self‐care behaviors in people with diabetes aged 60 and above: Empowerment as a mediator
Authors: Shin Kyung Suk , Lee Eun‐Hyun 
Published: June 2018

AbstractAimTo examine the relationships of health literacy to diabetes self‐care behaviors (diet, physical exercise, foot care and blood glucose monitoring) through empowerment controlling for diabetes education.BackgroundPotential mechanisms of how health literacy links to health outcomes have not clearly elucidated.DesignA cross‐sectional study design was used.MethodsParticipants were recruited from three community health centers in South Korea from September 2016 to April 2017 using a convenience sampling method. A total of 136 people with diabetes aged 60 and above were participated in this study. The main study variables of health literacy, empowerment and diabetes self‐care activities were assessed using self‐reported questionnaires. This study applied a simple mediation analysis with a single covariate using the PROCESS macro, with health literacy entered as an antecedent variable, empowerment as a mediator, diabetes self‐care behaviors as outcome variables and diabetes education as a covariate.ResultsAfter controlling for diabetes education, the indirect effects of health literacy to self‐care behaviors through empowerment were significant when the self‐care behaviors were particularly diet and physical exercise. Whereas, the indirect effects were not significant when the self‐care behaviors were foot care and blood glucose monitoring.ConclusionsThis study indicates that the people with higher health literacy were more empowered and those with higher empowerment were more likely to eat healthy foods and exercise. In the light of these findings, a health literacy‐tailored empowerment enhancing program may be important targets for interventions promoting diabetes self‐care behaviors of diet and physical exercise.
The NURSING‐Positive Recruitment Arabic Model (NURS‐P.R.A.M.): A mixed methods study
Authors: Tawash Eman , Cowman Seamus 
Published: June 2018

AbstractAimTo identify factors influencing high school students’ choice of nursing and explore strategic interventions to promote nursing as a career in the Arab region.BackgroundThis study forms part of a PhD thesis, conducted in Bahrain, in a healthcare environment with a high dependence on expatriate nurses to maintain nursing services. However, in attracting local candidates to study nursing, the public image of nursing in the Middle East must be improved by implementing strategies that are sensitive to the Arabic culture.DesignA mixed methods approach incorporating quantitative and qualitative dimensions.MethodsData were collected between 2012 ‐ 2015 using self‐administered questionnaires, semi‐structured interviews, focus groups, and written narratives. The study sample included high school students, parents, career guidance counsellors, and nursing students. A one‐group pre‐test posttest design was used to introduce a nursing recruitment intervention to high school students.spsswas used to analyse quantitative data. Colaizzi's () and Krueger's () frameworks were applied to analyse the qualitative data.FindingsIt is proposed that the public perceptions of Arab people about nursing may be grounded in strong cultural influences and any efforts to improve the enrolment and retention of local nurses should consider enhancing the social values of the nursing profession. The NURSING‐Positive Recruitment Arabic Model incorporates essential elements which will guide nursing recruitment in the Arabic cultures.ConclusionThe study findings reflect certain issues similar to the core international literature on nursing recruitment, however there are fundamental issues particular to the Arab region, which must be included in the development of a nursing recruitment strategy for Arabic nursing.
miR‐200b ameliorates myofibroblast transdifferentiation in precancerous oral submucous fibrosis through targeting ZEB2
Authors: Liao Yi‐Wen , Yu Cheng‐Chia , Hsieh Pei‐Ling , Chang Yu‐Chao 
Published: June 2018

AbstractOral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a progressive scarring disease. MicroRNA‐200b (miR‐200b) has been reported as a tumour suppressor, but its role in the precancerous OSF remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the impact of miR‐200b on myofibroblastic differentiation activity. Arecoline is a major areca nut alkaloid and has been employed to induce the elevated myofibroblast activity in human buccal mucosal fibroblasts (BMFs). Treatment of arecoline in BMFs dose‐dependently reduced gene expression of miR‐200b, which corresponded with the decreased expression of miR‐200b in fBMFs. The arecoline‐induced myofibroblast activities were abolished by overexpression of miR‐200b in BMFs, and the same results were observed in fBMFs. In addition, α‐SMA was inhibited by an increase in miR‐200b. We further demonstrated that miR‐200b‐mediated decrease in ZEB2 led to down‐regulation of α‐SMA, vimentin. Loss of miR‐200b resulted in enhanced collagen contraction and migration capabilities, and knockdown of ZEB2 reversed these phenomena. Lastly, we showed the expression of miR‐200b was significantly less and ZEB2 was markedly higher in OSF tissues. These results suggested that down‐regulation of miR‐200b may contribute to the pathogenesis of areca quid‐associated OSF through the regulation of ZEB2 and myofibroblast hallmarks.
Exosomes, the message transporters in vascular calcification
Authors: Zhang Chao , Zhang Kun , Huang Feifei , Feng Weijing , Chen Jie , Zhang Huanji , Wang Jingfeng , Luo Pei , Huang Hui 
Published: June 2018

AbstractVascular calcification (VC) is caused by hydroxyapatite deposition in the intimal and medial layers of the vascular wall, leading to severe cardiovascular events in patients with hypertension, chronic kidney disease and diabetes mellitus. VC occurrences involve complicated mechanism networks, such as matrix vesicles or exosomes production, osteogenic differentiation, reduced cell viability, aging and so on. However, with present therapeutic methods targeting at VC ineffectively, novel targets for VC treatment are demanded. Exosomes are proven to participate in VC and function as initializers for mineral deposition. Secreted exosomes loaded with microRNAs are also demonstrated to modulate VC procession in recipient vascular smooth muscle cells. In this review, we targeted at the roles of exosomes during VC, especially at their effects on transporting biological information among cells. Moreover, we will discuss the potential mechanisms of exosomes in VC.
CIP2A facilitates the G1/S cell cycle transition via B‐Myb in human papillomavirus 16 oncoprotein E6‐expressing cells
Authors: Tian Yonghao , Chen Hanxiang , Qiao Lijun , Zhang Wenhao , Zheng Jingyi , Zhao Weiming , Chen Jason. J. , Zhang Weifang 
Published: June 2018

AbstractInfection with high‐risk human papillomaviruses (HR‐HPVs, including HPV‐16, HPV‐18, HPV‐31) plays a central aetiologic role in the development of cervical carcinoma. The transforming properties of HR‐HPVs mainly reside in viral oncoproteins E6 and E7. E6 protein degrades the tumour suppressor p53 and abrogates cell cycle checkpoints. Cancerous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (CIP2A) is an oncoprotein that is involved in the carcinogenesis of many human malignancies. Our previous data showed that CIP2A was overexpressed in cervical cancer. However, the regulation of CIP2A by HPV‐16E6 remains to be elucidated. In this study, we demonstrated that HPV‐16E6 significantly up‐regulated CIP2A mRNA and protein expression in a p53‐degradation‐dependent manner. Knockdown of CIP2A by siRNA inhibited viability and DNA synthesis and caused G1 cell cycle arrest of 16E6‐expressing cells. Knockdown of CIP2A resulted in a significant reduction in the expression of cyclin‐dependent kinase 1 (Cdk1) and Cdk2. Although CIP2A has been reported to stabilize c‐Myc by inhibiting PP2A‐mediated dephosphorylation of c‐Myc, we have presented evidence that the regulation of Cdk1 and Cdk2 by CIP2A is dependent on transcription factor B‐Myb rather than c‐Myc. Taken together, our study reveals the role of CIP2A in abrogating the G1 checkpoint in HPV‐16E6‐expressing cells and helps in understanding the molecular basis of HPV‐induced oncogenesis.
Characterisation of Cutibacterium acnes phylotypes in acne and in vivo exploratory evaluation of Myrtacine®
Authors: Pécastaings S. , Roques C. , Nocera Th. , Peraud C. , Mengeaud V. , Khammari A. , Dréno B. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractObjectiveOur main objective was to compare Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes) skin colonisation in patients with mild to moderate acne versus healthy controls and secondly, to evaluate a Myrtacine®‐based cream on C. acnes total population and antibioresistant Cutibacteria in patients with acne.MethodsIn 60 acne patients (Global Acne Severity Scale, GEA grades 2–3), of mean age 20 [15–30] years and in 24 age‐ and sex‐ matched healthy controls, forehead strips samplings were performed for microbiological analysis of comedones by colony forming unit (CFU) counts of global C. acnes and erythromycin (EryR) or clindamycin‐resistant (ClnR) populations of Cutibacterium and determination of phylotypes by MALTI‐TOF. Clinical evaluations of acne patients (GEA, lesion count, porphyrin fluorescence) were performed at baseline and after 56 days of twice‐daily application of a Myrtacine®‐based cream.ResultsWe first showed (i) high and similar levels of C. acnes colonisation in superficial pilosebaceous follicles and detection of EryR and ClnR strains in both acne and control groups; (ii) different repartition of phylotypes in acne patients versus healthy control, with a predominance of phylotype IA in acne patients and a link between phylotype IA and erythromycin resistance. Besides, after treatment with the Myrtacine®‐based cream in acne patients, there was no change in C. acnes total load, but a significant decrease of EryR Cutibacteria, reduced porphyrin production by C. acnes, a decrease in acne severity (GEA), associated with reduced retentional and inflammatory lesions.ConclusionCutibacterium acnes colonisation was not significantly different in acne versus control groups. Phylotype IA was predominant in acne patient and in EryR C. acnes. A Myrtacine®‐based cream significantly reduced the level of EryR Cutibacteria in vivo and improved acne lesions.
In situ nail unit melanoma: epidemiological and clinic‐pathologic features with conservative treatment and long‐term follow‐up
Authors: Goettmann S. , Moulonguet I. , Zaraa I. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBackgroundNail unit melanoma (NUM) is a rare melanoma variant, usually associated with a poor prognosis because of a delayed diagnosis. Few data are available concerning the management and long‐term outcome of in situ NUM.ObjectiveTo use a large cohort to provide comprehensive patient data and long‐term follow‐up information. This will serve to investigate distinctive epidemiological, clinical and histological features of in situ NUM. To report treatment modalities, assess conservative surgery and evaluate its long‐term safety.MethodsPatients with confirmed diagnosis of in situ NUM were retrospectively reviewed. Demographics, clinical presentation, therapeutic data and follow‐up were analysed.ResultsSixty‐three cases of in situ NUM were identified as follows: 44 were women (70%), with a mean age of 51 years. The mean duration of symptoms prior to consultation was 4.3 years [range 3 months–28 years]. Clinically, with 58 cases, i.e. (92%) longitudinal melanonychia was the most common clinical presentation. The thumb was the most affected digit, being afflicted in 28 cases: 44%. Medical history found a widening and/or recent darkening of the melanonychia in 46 cases (82%). The treatment consisted of, respectively, 56 En bloc excisions of the nail apparatus 89% of the patients we studied, and seven amputations of the distal phalanx. During the follow‐up period (mean: 10 years), two patients presented in situ recurrences.ConclusionThe recognition of a NUM at an in situ stage allows early treatment and curing of this tumour. At this early stage, a ‘functional surgery’ is a rational approach with an excellent oncologic safety.
Influence of native catfish mucus on Flavobacterium columnare growth and proteolytic activity
Authors: Shoemaker Craig A. , LaFrentz Benjamin R. , Peatman Eric , Beck Benjamin H. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractFlavobacterium columnare causes columnaris disease of farmed and wild freshwater fish. Skin mucus is an important factor in early stages of columnaris pathogenesis, albeit little studied. Our objectives were to (a) characterize the terminal glycosylation pattern (TGP) of catfish mucus, (b) determine the growth of F. columnare in formulated water (FW)‐containing channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) or hybrid catfish (Ictalurus punctatus X Ictalurus furcatus) mucus and (c) examine extracellular protease activity of two F. columnare isolates differing in virulence. The TGP of catfish mucus by lectin binding was as follows: alpha‐D‐mannose/alpha‐D‐glucose >N‐acetyl‐beta‐D‐glucosamine >N‐acetyl‐beta‐D‐glucosamine/N‐acetylneuraminic acid >N‐acetyl‐D‐galactosamine >alpha‐D‐galactose/N‐acetyl‐alpha‐D‐galactosamine >beta‐D‐galactose = alpha‐L‐fucose. Virulence studies demonstrated isolate AL‐02‐36 was highly virulent in channel catfish fry (0.1 g) with cumulative mortality of 90%‐100% versus 60% for isolate ALG‐00‐530 at equivalent doses (~3 × 106 CFU/ml); a similar result was observed in larger (0.7 g) catfish. In multiple experiments, F. columnare replicated (2‐3 logs) and survived (28 days) in formulated water‐containing catfish mucus. Highly virulent isolate AL‐02‐36 possessed at least 2.5‐ to fivefold higher protease activity following growth in mucus than the less virulent ALG‐00‐530. Flavobacterium columnare utilized catfish mucus as a nutrient source and mucus presence modulated extracellular protease production.
Comparison of the clinical, radiographic, and histological effects of titanium‐prepared platelet rich fibrin to allograft materials in sinus‐lifting procedures
Authors: Olgun Ebru , Ozkan Serdar Y. , Atmaca Hasan T. , Yalim Mehmet , Hendek Meltem Karsiyaka 
Published: June 2018

AbstractAimIn the present study, we evaluated the clinical, radiographic, and histological comparisons of completely autologous titanium‐prepared platelet rich fibrin (T‐PRF) or allograft in sinus‐lifting procedures.MethodsEighteen posterior maxilla requiring sinus‐lifting procedures using the balloon‐lifting technique for implant placement were selected. Ten sinuses were randomly assigned to T‐PRF as the test group and eight to allografts as the control group. After 4 and 6 months in the test and control groups, respectively, computed tomography was done, and bone samples were received during implant surgery. Three months after the second surgery, implant stability was measured.ResultsRadiological results showed that the allograft group had better results (62% in volume, 53% in density, and 69% in height) than the T‐PRF group. Histomorphometric results showed that newly‐formed bone ratios were 17.28 ± 2.53 and 16.58 ± 1.05 in the allograft group and T‐PRF groups, respectively. There was no significant difference between the test and control groups (P = .611) for implant stability values.ConclusionsThe use of T‐PRF alone in sinus‐lifting operations has successful clinical and histomorphometric results. Bone formation in the T‐PRF group was accelerated to 4 months compared to allografts according to the histological results.
The panniculus carnosus muscle: an evolutionary enigma at the intersection of distinct research fields
Authors: Naldaiz‐Gastesi Neia , Bahri Ola A. , López de Munain Adolfo , McCullagh Karl J. A. , Izeta Ander 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe panniculus carnosus is a thin striated muscular layer intimately attached to the skin and fascia of most mammals, where it provides skin twitching and contraction functions. In humans, the panniculus carnosus is conserved at sparse anatomical locations with high interindividual variability, and it is considered of no functional significance (most possibly being a remnant of evolution). Diverse research fields (such as anatomy, dermatology, myology, neuroscience, surgery, veterinary science) use this unique muscle as a model, but several unknowns and misconceptions remain in the literature. In this article, we review what is currently known about panniculus carnosus structure, development, anatomical location, response to environmental stimuli and potential function(s), with the aim of putting together the evidence arising from the different research communities and raising interest in this unique muscle, which we postulate as an ideal model for both vascular and muscular research.
How home health nurses plan their work schedules: A qualitative descriptive study
Authors: Irani Elliane , Hirschman Karen B , Cacchione Pamela Z , Bowles Kathryn H 
Published: June 2018

Aims and objectivesTo describe how home health nurses plan their daily work schedules and what challenges they face during the planning process.BackgroundHome health nurses are viewed as independent providers and value the nature of their work because of the flexibility and autonomy they hold in developing their work schedules. However, there is limited empirical evidence about how home health nurses plan their work schedules, including the factors they consider during the process and the challenges they face within the dynamic home health setting.DesignQualitative descriptive design.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews were conducted with 20 registered nurses who had >2 years of experience in home health and were employed by one of the three participating home health agencies in the mid‐Atlantic region of the United States. Data were analysed using conventional content analysis.ResultsFour themes emerged about planning work schedules and daily itineraries: identifying patient needs to prioritise visits accordingly, partnering with patients to accommodate their preferences, coordinating visit timing with other providers to avoid overwhelming patients, and working within agency standards to meet productivity requirements. Scheduling challenges included readjusting the schedule based on patient needs and staffing availability, anticipating longer visits, and maintaining continuity of care with patients.ConclusionHome health nurses make autonomous decisions regarding their work schedules while considering specific patient and agency factors, and overcome challenges related to the unpredictable nature of providing care in a home health setting. Future research is needed to further explore nurse productivity in home health and improve home health work environments.Relevance to clinical practiceHome health nurses plan their work schedules to provide high quality care that is patient‐centered and timely. The findings also highlight organisational priorities to facilitate continuity of care and support nurses while alleviating the burnout associated with high productivity requirements.
Developing and sustaining specialist and advanced practice roles in nursing and midwifery: A discourse on enablers and barriers
Authors: Fealy Gerard M , Casey Mary , O'Leary Denise F , McNamara Martin S , O'Brien Denise , O'Connor Laserina , Smith Rita , Stokes Diarmuid 
Published: June 2018

Aims and objectivesTo collate, synthesise and discuss published evidence and expert professional opinion on enablers and barriers to the development and sustainability of specialist and advanced practice roles in nursing and midwifery.BackgroundExpanded practice is a response to population health needs, healthcare costs and practitioners’ willingness to expand their scope of practice through enhanced responsibility, accountability and professional autonomy.DesignThis discursive paper is based on a rapid review of literature on enablers and barriers to the development and sustainability of specialist and advanced practice roles and is part of a wider policy analysis.MethodsWe analysed and synthesised of 36 research articles, reviews and discussion papers on enablers and barriers in the development and sustainability of expanded practice roles.ResultsSeveral factors enable role expansion, including: role clarity; credentialing and endorsement; availability of education for expanded roles; individual practitioners’ dispositions towards role expansion; support from peers, other professionals and the work organisation; and costs. Where limited or absent, these same factors can constrain role expansion.ConclusionsEnabling nurses and midwives to practice to their full scope of education and expertise is a global challenge for disciplinary leadership, a national challenge for professional regulation and a local challenge for employers and individual clinicians. These challenges need to be addressed through multistakeholder coordinated efforts at these four levels.Relevance to clinical practiceThis discursive paper synthesises empirical evidence and expert professional opinion on the factors that enable or hinder the development and sustainability of specialist and advanced practice roles. Providing a critical appraisal of current knowledge, it provides a reference source for disciplinary debate and policy development regarding the nursing and midwifery resource and informs clinicians of the myriad issues that can impact on their capacity to expand their scope of practice.
Low‐salt diet adherence in African Americans with hypertension
Authors: Bolin Linda P , Horne Carolyn E , Crane Patricia B , Powell James R 
Published: June 2018

Aims and objectivesTo identify health and physiological measures, depressive symptoms and locus of control (LOC) in adherence to a low salt (1,500 mg sodium), diet in African American (AA) adults with hypertension (HTN).BackgroundAdherence determinants to self‐management behaviours among AA adults with HTN is essential in prevention of outcomes such as stroke. A low‐salt diet is one key factor in the successful management of HTN.DesignA cross‐sectional correlational design.MethodsSystolic blood pressure, co‐morbidities, serum creatinine, potassium, education, depression, LOC and social support were examined in relationship to self‐reported adherence to a low‐salt diet in a sample of AA adults (N = 77) aged 55–84. Demographic and physiologic data were collected in addition to diet adherence on a 100 mm visual analog scale. Standardised tools included Multidimensional Health LOC scale and the Patient Health Question‐9 Depression Instrument.ResultsLower adherence to a low‐salt diet was more prevalent in females (n = 27; 73%). A moderate negative correlation (r = −0.294; p < 0.01) was found with low‐salt diet adherence in the PHQ‐9 (r = −0.294; p < 0.01). Both multiple regression, models significantly influenced adherence to low salt diet, with both models explaining 24% of the variance; internal LOC (F = 2.599 [8, 68]; p = 0.02) and external LOC (F = 2.667 [8, 68]; p = 0.013).ConclusionIncreasing awareness of factors affecting adherence to a low‐salt diet is important for clinicians for effective management of HTN in AA adults.Relevance to clinical practiceNurses are encouraged to adopt a comprehensive assessment of those with HTN to identify psychosocial needs, in particular depressive symptoms, as a potential secondary prevention measure.