bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kinetic Calculations of Starch Degradation Rate by Ptyalin
Authors: Carvalho Luiz Victor Teodoro M. de , Matos Renan Rosa , Capuci Ana Paula Silva , Silva Larielly Regina Santos , Begnini Mauro Luiz 
Published: November 2024

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the kinetics of starch processing by ptyalin, the enzyme responsible for initiating starch digestion in the mouth. Kinetic parameters such as Km and Vmax will be calculated from the Lineweaver-Burk plot, covering the surface layer of starch-ptyalin interaction and the maximum rate of enzymatic activity.

Theoretical Framework: Starch is a complex carbohydrate essential in the human diet, composed of amylose and amylopectin, and is commonly found in foods like sliced bread. Ptyalin, also known as salivary amylase, initiates the starch digestion process in the mouth by converting it into maltose. Enzyme kinetics can be studied using the Michaelis-Menten model, where parameters such as Km (Michaelis constant) and Vmax (maximum velocity) are crucial for understanding the efficiency of the enzymatic interaction.

Method: To obtain data on enzyme kinetics, experimental analyses were conducted using different starch concentrations, and the results were evaluated based on the Lineweaver-Burk curve. Additionally, statistical techniques were applied to verify the validity of the data, including the ANOVA test and the Anderson-Darling analysis to confirm the normality of the data distribution. Capability charts were used to assess process compliance within specification limits.

Results and Discussion: The results demonstrated that there was no significant difference between the studied groups, with a p-value greater than 0.05 in the ANOVA test. The Anderson-Darling analysis confirmed that the data follow a normal distribution. The Vmax value was determined to be 0.023, representing the maximum rate of enzymatic activity, and the Km was 1.274, indicating a high affinity of ptyalin for starch.

Research Implications: This research contributes to a detailed understanding of ptyalin kinetics in starch digestion, providing important information on enzymatic efficiency at different concentrations. These data are applicable in areas such as nutrition, food quality control, and the development of food products that consider carbohydrate digestibility.

Originality/Value: The originality of this study lies in the integrated approach to the enzyme kinetics of ptyalin applied to starch digestion, utilizing not only the classical parameters of Km and Vmax but also advanced statistical techniques, such as the ANOVA test and Anderson-Darling normality analysis. The combination of these tools allowed for a more robust and accurate analysis of ptyalin efficiency under different conditions.
The Experience of The UFSC Ceped in The November 2008 Natural Disaster in the State of Santa Catarina, Brazil
Authors: Bauzys Fernanda , Schadeck Rafael , Fomin Diane Guzi , Jungles Antônio Edésio 
Published: November 2024

Objective: This article aims to characterize the actions of the University Center for Studies and Research on Natural Disasters of the Federal University of Santa Catarina (CEPED-UFSC) in the project "Response to the Santa Catarina Disaster in November 2008".

Theoretical benchmark: Disaster is understood as a severe interruption in social functioning, resulting in human and economic losses that exceed the response capacity of the affected community (UFSC-CEPED, 2012).

Method: The realization of this project sought, fundamentally, to support the municipalities affected in the disaster, through the assessment of the areas submitted to mass movements that affected housing and public buildings.

Results and Discussion: Using an approach aimed at mapping risk areas and assessing damage by mass movements, the project aimed to support 25 municipalities, providing technical guidance that supported Civil Defense actions to protect and reconstruct affected areas.

Research Implications: The reports produced contributed to the most efficient application of resources, offering a practical and technical reference for interventions in disaster situations.

Originality/Value: The experience highlights the role of the university in crisis assistance and in the formulation of mitigation strategies for future events.
20 Years of the Kyoto Protocol: Profile and Behavior in Brazilian Academia From the Perspective of Social Network Analysis
Authors: Ribeiro Henrique César Melo , Corrêa Rosany , Pierot Roselane Moita , Leal Lilian Guimarães do Nascimento 
Published: November 2024

Objective: To investigate the profile and behavior of scientific production of articles published in Brazilian journals on the topic of the Kyoto Protocol in light of social network analysis.

Theoretical Framework: The Kyoto Protocol is an international agreement that provides for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions through flexible mechanisms, and is therefore considered an important environmental commitment made by many countries.

Method: The Scientific Periodicals Electronic Library (SPELL) and the social network analysis research technique were used as the database for the search for articles. The search identified 31 articles that were investigated using sociometric indicators: (i) two-mode social networks composed of periods and authors; (ii) two-mode social networks composed of periodicals and authors; (iii) social networks of authors; (iv) social networks of institutions; (v) social networks of citations; and (vi) social networks of keywords.

Results and Discussion: Stagnation of the topic in Brazilian scientific literature. The most central actors were: Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental as a periodical; José Célio Silveira Andrade as a researcher; University of São Paulo as an institution; Ignez Guatimosin Vidigal Lopes, Marcelo Theoto Rocha, Mari Elizabete Bernardini Seiffert, Andréa Cardoso Ventura and José Carlos Barbieri as the most cited authors in the environmental area; sustainable development, carbon credits, clean development mechanism, sustainability, environmental accounting, Latin America and renewable energy as keywords.

Research Implications: Provide understanding to authors about the theoretical evolution and intellectual structure to conduct future research in this field of knowledge, on the topic of the Kyoto Protocol in the Brazilian scientific scenario from the perspective of journals indexed in the SPELL database.

Originality/Value: This research concludes by highlighting the Kyoto Protocol theme from the perspective of social networks, analyzing the structure and formation of the networks of actors involved in the process of construction and creation of scientific value regarding the referenced theme, thus contributing to its better understanding and, consequently, comprehension, consequently influencing its possible evolution in the academic literature of Brazil.
Perigos do Online Sports Betting
Authors: Pansanato Matheus Bortolotto , Ferelli Mariana  Sampaio Silva , Vasconcellos Eduarda Kroenke , Dziedicz Henrique Orlovski 
Published: November 2024

O vício em jogos de azar já é conhecido amplamente como problema de saúde mental. Atualmente, as apostas online vêm ganhando maiores adeptos pela facilidade de acesso e pelo desejo de lucro financeiro. A integração de apostas online com esportes tem elevado a participação dos brasileiros em jogos de azar online e, consequentemente, os problemas associados. Há alguns anos diversas discussões sobre regulamentação de apostas esportivas online vem acontecendo no país, e em maio de 2024 o Brasil regularizou os jogos de azar com a aprovação do PL 2.234/22, revertendo uma histórica proibição nacional. Devido ao forte apelo cultural do futebol, muitos sites de apostas têm se aproveitado da ausência de regulamentação oficial para atrair um número crescente de usuários. É crucial promover a conscientização sobre os riscos e o potencial de vício associados às práticas de apostas esportivas online.
Analisis Kemampuan Pemahaman Sejarah Trigonometri Terhadap Siswa SMP
Authors: Harisman Yulyanti , Alya Aisyah 
Published: November 2024

Sejarah trigonometri sangat penting bagi siswa untuk mempelajari materi trigonometri. Salah satu cabnag matematika yaitu trigonometri. Trigonometri berasal dari bahasa Yunani berarti trigonon yang artinya tiga sudut dan metro artinya “mengukur,” yang membahas sudut segitiga dan fungsi trigonometri. Fokus penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis kemampuan pemahaman siswa SMP. Studi kasus ini adalah penelitian kualitatif yang melibatkan lima siswa SMP. Instrumen dalam penelitian ini adalah 1) rasa ingin tahu penulis mengenai sejarah trigonometri 2) pengisian kuisioner mengenai kemampuan pemahaman siswa SMP terkait sejarah trigonometri. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik meta review. Hasil dari penelitian ini memberikan pemahaman siswa SMP terkait sejarah trigonometri Yunani.
Contextual moral realism
Authors: Pris I. E. 
Published: November 2024

We argue that genuine moral philosophy is realist, and genuine realism is a contextual realism. Thus, we introduce the position of a contextual moral realism. This is our interpretation of J. Benoist’s moral realism in terms of Wittgenstein’s later philosophy. The structure of the contextual realism is the structure of the gap between the ideal (rule, norm, concept) and the real. It is also the structure of Wittgenstein’s rule-following problem. Accordingly, the structure of the contextual moral realism is the structure of the application of a moral norm to reality. Norms, including moral norms, are defined and applied in context. The application of a moral norm implies moral sensitivity to a context that is not external to the norm. The contextual moral realism is a critique of moral objectivism, which ignores moral ontology, as well as metaphysical moral realism (Platonism) and naturalistic moral reductionism, which ignore the contextual (genuinely normative) dimension of morality. We also establish similarities between T. Williamson’s moral realism and Benoist’s moral realism, despite the difference in their approaches: for Benoist, philosophy is conceptual analysis, while Williamson sees no principal difference between science and philosophy. In particular, Williamson’s argument against moral inferentialism corresponds to Benoist’s argument against M. Gabriel’s “new moral realism”, and his argument in favour of moral knowledge by sensory perception and by testimony corresponds to contextual argument appealing to moral sensibility.
A systematic review of mandibular advancement using clear aligners in patients with sleep apnea
Authors: Samater Fatimah Mohammed Abdu , Aldomiaty Dima Talal , Alqahtani Renad Fahad , Alzahrani Amal Mohammad , Alharthi Demah Saleh 
Published: November 2024

Objectives:
Aligners are one of the orthodontic appliances that are rarely touched upon by orthodontists when they talk about obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and its treatment modalities. This systematic review was aimed at understanding the effectiveness of the mandibular advancement (MA) technique using aligners in managing OSA and its associated impact on nasal airway volume, morphology, and the position of the hyoid bone.

Material and Methods:
A standardized data extraction form was devised to extract relevant variables from the studies that were identified through an extensive online search across multiple databases, with the whole process being conducted in accordance with the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis guidelines.

Results:
The four papers selected for this review were quite heterogeneous in their treatment approaches. The use of MA devices (MADs) in conjunction with orthodontic aligners was successful in managing snoring and mild sleep apnea and allowed the continuation of orthodontic treatment. Clear aligners for upper arch expansion increase nasal airway volume and intermolar distance, particularly in pediatric patients. The treatment protocol of maxillomandibular advancement (MMA), followed by post-operative surgical treatment, also resulted in successful post-operative outcomes and resolution of OSA. The use of aligners improved the upper airway morphology and hyoid bone position, with MA using aligners being more effective in improving the narrowest part of the hypopharynx.

Conclusion:
The study found that moving the lower jaw forward with aligners could help some people with OSA, make their nasal airways bigger, improve the shape of their upper airways, and put the hyoid bone in the best place. These findings could inform future therapeutic strategies and patient management protocols in orthodontic practice.
Molecular classification of endometrial cancer: Impact on adjuvant treatment planning
Authors: Zouzoulas Dimitrios , Tsolakidis Dimitrios , Sofianou Iliana , Tzitzis Panagiotis , Pervana Stavroula , Topalidou Maria , Timotheadou Eleni , Grimbizis Grigoris 
Published: November 2024

Objective:
The traditional histopathological analysis of endometrial cancer (EC) is the main risk group classification tool (low, intermediate, high-intermediate, and high) for the implementation of adjuvant treatment. The International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics staging system of EC has incorporated a new molecular classification that serves as a new triage tool for optimal treatment planning for these patients. Our study aimed to investigate the prognostic role of the new molecular classification in EC.

Material and Methods:
A prospective study was conducted in the 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology from January 1, 2022, to March 30, 2024, and included all new EC cases that presented the multidisciplinary tumor (MDT) board after surgery. We considered the traditional pathologic analysis and new molecular classification after performing tests on microsatellite instability (MSI), DNA polymerase epsilon (POLE) mutation, and p53 immunohistochemistry testing.

Results:
The study included 65 patients with presumed early endometrial. All patients underwent surgery and subsequent molecular testing. Among the patients, 35 (54%) had a “positive” result in all of the three markers of molecular classification: 14 patients presented with MSI-H, 5 with POLE gene mutation, and 17 with p53 abnormal expression. One case of multiple classifiers was presented. After the integration of molecular classification, a change was observed in the final MDT board decision in 23 cases (35.4%), including six cases of overtreatment and 17 cases of undertreatment, with statistical significance (P = 0.03469).

Conclusion:
The data suggest that the new molecular classification, that is, testing for POLE mutation, MSI, and p53 mutation and for endometrial carcinoma, is a valuable tool for the recurrence risk prognosis and improved planning of adjuvant treatment for EC.
Triple-negative breast cancer in India: Exploring age distribution and laterality patterns
Authors: Gadhia P. K. , Joshi Niharika , Vaniawala Salil 
Published: November 2024

Objectives:
Breast cancer is a prevailing health concern globally, with India experiencing alarming rates. This study delves into the clinicopathological features of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), focusing on age distribution, laterality, tumor grade, and Ki-67 expression. Understanding these parameters is essential for tailoring effective therapeutic strategies for this aggressive subtype.

Material and Methods:
A retrospective analysis of 149 TNBC patients where human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 status was confirmed by fluorescent in situ hybridization as all the samples received are immunohistochemistry (IHC) equivocal. Clinical characteristics, including age, estrogen receptor/progesterone receptor status, Ki-67 expression, laterality, and histologic grade, were assessed through IHC. Statistical analyses, including Chi-square tests, were performed using the R language to discern differences between left and right breast cancers.

Results:
TNBC constituted 30.53% of 488 breast cancer cases, with a wide range reported in Indian studies. The median age was 55 years, and age distribution significantly associated with TNBC incidence (P < 0.001). Left-sided TNBC predominated (69.12%), significantly influencing TNBC incidence (P < 0.001). Tumor grade distribution showed no significant difference between left- and right-sided TNBC. Ki-67 expression was significantly associated with TNBC (P < 0.001), with 96.24% exhibiting high expression (≥20%).

Conclusion:
This study provides a detailed analysis of TNBC clinicopathological characteristics, revealing significant associations in age distribution, laterality, and Ki-67 expression. The observed left-sided predominance and the association with Ki-67 underscore the need for vigilant monitoring and personalized treatment strategies in TNBC patients. The findings contribute to understanding TNBC heterogeneity, paving the way for tailored therapeutic approaches and emphasizing the importance of continued research in this complex disease.
TO THE QUESTION OF THE PREVENTION SYSTEM FOR THE INVOLVEMENT OF RUSSIAN YOUTH IN WRITTEN ACTIVITIES
Authors: T.K. Rostovskaya , S.N. Fomina 
Published: November 2024

The contradictions between the needs of society in the formation of a civically mature, socially responsible, moral, young person who respects the law and other cultural traditions and the insufficient theoretical and practical development of youth socialization mechanisms actualize the prevention of the involvement of Russian youth in illegal activities. This task as a key link in the social stability and security of Russia is a priority in the implementation of state youth policy. This article presents the results of a study of the characteristics of the activities of youth organizations and their informal associations in terms of preventing the involvement of Russian youth in illegal activities. It is shown that the unstable socioeconomic situation of some Russian youth contributes to the growth of discontent in modern Russian society and can lead to the emergence of various forms (including extreme) of the social and political activity of the young generation. Conclusions are drawn that it is necessary to modernize the state youth policy, expand the range of measures aimed at preventing deviant behavior and illegal activities of youth.
Противоречия между потребностями общества в формировании граждански зрелой, социально ответственной, нравственной, уважающей закон и иные культурные традиции личностью молодого человека и недостаточной теоретической и практической разработанностью механизмов социализации молодежи актуализируют вопросы профилактики вовлечения российской молодежи в противоправную деятельность. Эта задача как ключевое звено в социальной стабильности и безопасности России является приоритетной в сфере реализации государственной молодежной политики. В данной статье представлены результаты изучения особенностей деятельности молодежных организаций и их неформальных объединений в части профилактики вовлечения российской молодежи в противоправную деятельность. Показано, что неустойчивое социальноэкономическое положение части российской молодежи способствует росту недовольства в современном российском обществе и может привести к возникновению различных форм (в том числе и экстремальных) социальной и политической активности молодого поколения. Сделаны выводы о том, что необходима модернизация государственной молодежной политики, расширение комплекса мероприятий, направленных на профилактику девиантного поведения и противоправной деятельности молодежи.
ОСНОВНЫЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ ЕДИНОГО НАКОПИТЕЛЬНОГО ПЕНСИОННОГО ФОНДА В КАЗАХСТАНЕ
Authors: Б.A. Жакупова , Ш.Т. Нургалиева , Р.М. Олжабаев 
Published: November 2024

Формирование современной оптимальной модели пенсионного обеспечения граждан по основным вопросам, возникшим в накопительной пенсионной системе Республики Казахстан и укрепление теоретических, методических, правовых основ. Формирование оптимальной системы пенсионного обеспечения граждан государства есть одна из основных сфер социальной политики и деятельности страны. Важнейшими социально-экономическими вопросами, которые нуждаются в наиболее эффективным регулированием со стороны государства, это - неспособность накопленного запаса пенсионера обеспечить стабильные условия жизни по достижении пенсионного возраста, неполное решение демографических проблем, различная продолжительность жизни и оплата труда, различия между мужчиной и женщиной по размеру пенсии, проблема инвалидности, наступившей на производстве, постоянное изменение мер пенсионного обеспечения и др. Республика Казахстан стала первой страной на постсоветском пространстве, начавшей пенсионную реформу в 1997 году. Основная цель – закрепление личной ответственности казахстанского гражданина за собственное материальное положение в пенсионном возрасте, последовательный переход к самостоятельным накоплениям в пенсионном фонде с применением принципа солидарности поколений. В связи с наиболее эффективной реализацией реформы пенсионного обеспечения в Казахстане Всемирный Банк признал ее одной из наиболее успешно выполненных.
ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ РАЗВИТИЯ ОСНОВНЫХ СЕГМЕНТОВ БАНКОВСКОГО БИЗНЕСА В УСЛОВИЯХ ДИДЖИТАЛИЗАЦИ
Authors: Л.А. Цурова 
Published: November 2024

В статье аргументируется авторское видение направлений развития банковской деятельности в контексте диджитализации на основе анализа событий. Характеризуются очевидные тенденции в семи основных сегментах банковского бизнеса, определяемые глобальной цифровой трансформацией: розничный банкинг, платежи, управление активами, инвестиционный банкинг, транзакционный банкинг, корпоративный банкинг и рыночная инфраструктура. Анализ охватывает ожидания по нескольким направлениям – регулятивной, технологической, рисковой и кадровой как в текущем периоде, так и в прогнозе на ближайшее десятилетие.
ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ МЕХАНИЗМА ЦИФРОВОЙ ТРАНСФОРМАЦИИ СИСТЕМЫ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ПЕРСОНАЛОМ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯ
Authors: Воронова Д.Ю. 
Published: November 2024

В статье обозначены тенденции происходящих в экономике Российской Федерации цифровых трансформаций, влияющих на рынок труда и выдвигающих новые требования к компетенциям персонала. Выявлена роль системы управления персоналом предприятия в условиях цифровой экономики. Сформирован механизм цифровой трансформации системы управления персоналом предприятия на основе модели «черного ящика» системного подхода и общих принципов теории управления. Дана характеристика элементов представленного механизма – «субъекта управления», «объекта управления», «результатов управления», «обеспечения», «инструментов управления», «внешней среды» и «обратной связи». Систематизирован перечень сквозных цифровых технологий и описаны возможности и результаты их применения в системе управлении персоналом. Представлен алгоритм разработки и реализации механизма цифровой трансформации системы управления персоналом предприятия.
ЦИФРОВИЗАЦИЯ, КАК ИНСТРУМЕНТ ПОВЫШЕНИЯ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЙ НЕФТЕГАЗОВОГО КОМПЛЕКСА
Authors: В.Д. Мелёхин , М.В. Афанасьев 
Published: November 2024

Аннотация В данном материале проводится анализ процесса цифровизации как инструмента повышения эффективности деятельности предприятий нефтегазового комплекса. В работе рассматривается понятие «цифровизация», особенности применения интеллектуальных технологий, внедряемых на нефтегазовых предприятиях, особое внимание уделяется цифровой инициативе «Когнитивная геология». Представлена блок-схема общих ключевых показателей экономической эффективности, которые распределены по трём уровням управления цифровой трансформацией предприятия. Производится оценка потенциальных положительных эффектов, уже используемых интеллектуальных технологий. Материалы по цифровизации приведены на примере компании ПАО «Газпром нефть».