bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polyoxovanadate‐Based Metal−Organic Octahedron Based on 1,4‐Naphthalenedicarboxylic Acid
Authors: Tao Yanli , Xu Na , Wang Xinlong , Su Zhongmin 
Published: February 2019

AbstractA new polyoxovanadate‐based metal−organic octahedron (VMOP‐26) was synthesized from vanadium acetylacetonate and 1,4‐naphthalenedicarboxylic acid (1,4‐H2NDC) under solvothermal condition and characterized by single crystal X‐ray diffraction, powder X‐ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. The structure of VMOP‐26 was composed of six {V5O9Cl} clusters and twelve 1,4‐NDC ligands with regular octahedral geometry in which the polyoxovanadate clusters act as vertices and 1,4‐NDC as edges. Each octahedron was surrounded by twelve adjacent octahedra with edge‐to‐edge connection modes. The absorption ability toward the dye molecules of VMOP‐26 was investigated because VMOP‐26 was an anionic cage. The results exhibit that only cationic dyes (Methylene blue (MB+), crystal violet (CV+), Rhodamine B (RhB+)) can be absorbed into the crystal lattice of VMOP‐26, which indicates that the cationic dye absorption is an ion‐exchange process. Besides, the fluorescent property of VMOP‐26 was also investigated.
Clinical presentation of pregnant women in isolation units for Ebola virus disease in Sierra Leone, 2014
Authors: Mpofu Jonetta J. , Soud Fatma , Lyman Meghan , Koroma Alimamy P. , Morof Diane , Ellington Sascha , Kargbo Samuel S. , Callaghan William 
Published: February 2019

AbstractObjectivesTo examine Ebola virus disease (EVD) symptom prevalence and EVD status among pregnant women in Ebola isolation units in Sierra Leone.MethodsIn an observational study, data were obtained for pregnant women admitted to Ebola isolation units across four districts in Sierra Leone from June 29, 2014, to December 20, 2014. Women were admitted to isolation units if they had suspected EVD exposures or fever (temperature >38°C) and three or more self‐reported symptoms suggestive of EVD. Associations were examined between EVD status and each symptom using χ2 tests and logistic regression adjusting for age/labor status.ResultsOf 176 pregnant women isolated, 55 (32.5%) tested positive for EVD. Using logistic regression models adjusted for age, EVD‐positive women were significantly more likely to have fever, self‐reported fatigue/weakness, nausea/vomiting, headache, muscle/joint pain, chest pain, vaginal bleeding, unexplained bleeding, or sore throat upon admission. In models adjusted for age/labor, only women with fever or vaginal bleeding upon admission were significantly more likely to be EVD‐positive.ConclusionsSeveral EVD symptoms and complications increased the odds of testing EVD‐positive; some of these were also signs and symptoms of labor/pregnancy complications. The study results highlight the need to refine screening for pregnant women with EVD.
3,5‐diiodo‐L‐thyronine increases de novo lipogenesis in liver from hypothyroid rats by SREBP‐1 and ChREBP‐mediated transcriptional mechanisms
Authors: Gnoni Antonio , Siculella Luisa , Paglialonga Giuseppina , Damiano Fabrizio , Giudetti Anna Maria 
Published: February 2019

AbstractHepatic de novo lipogenesis (DNL), the process by which carbohydrates are converted into lipids, is strictly controlled by nutritional and hormonal status. 3,5‐Diiodo‐L‐thyronine (T2), a product of the 3,5,3′‐triiodo‐L‐thyronine (T3) peripheral metabolism, has been shown to mimic some T3 effects on lipid metabolism by a short‐term mechanism independent of protein synthesis. Here, we report that T2, administered for 1 week to hypothyroid rats, increases total fatty acid synthesis from acetate in isolated hepatocytes. Studies carried out on liver subcellular fractions demonstrated that T2 not only increases the activity and the expression of acetyl‐CoA carboxylase and fatty acid synthase but also of other proteins linked to DNL such as the mitochondrial citrate carrier and the cytosolic ATP citrate lyase. Parallelly, T2 stimulates the activities of enzymes supplying cytosolic NADPH needed for the reductive steps of DNL. With respect to both euthyroid and hypothyroid rats, T2 administration decreases the hepatic mRNA level of SREBP‐1, a transcription factor which represents a master regulator of DNL. However, when compared to hypothyroid rats T2 significantly increases, without bringing to the euthyroid value, the content of both mature (nSREBP‐1), and precursor (pSREBP‐1) forms of the SREBP‐1 protein as well as their ratio. Moreover, T2 administration strongly augmented the nuclear content of ChREBP, another crucial transcription factor involved in the regulation of lipogenic genes. Based on these results, we can conclude that in the liver of hypothyroid rats the transcriptional activation by T2 of DNL genes could depend, at least in part, on SREBP‐1‐ and ChREBP‐dependent mechanisms. © 2019 IUBMB Life, 2019
Effect of dual‐drug‐releasing micelle–hydrogel composite on wound healing in vivo in full‐thickness excision wound rat model
Authors: Patel Monika , Nakaji‐Hirabayashi Tadashi , Matsumura Kazuaki 
Published: February 2019

AbstractWound healing is a complex process involving an intricate cascade of body responses. A composite dressing that would effectively target different stages of wound healing and regeneration is urgently needed. In the current study, we tested the efficacy of a previously prepared micelle–hydrogel composite loaded with two drugs, in full‐thickness excision wound model in rat. We found that the composite elicited almost no inflammation and effectively enhanced healing at all stages of the healing process. An initial burst of the first drug, amphotericin B, eliminated any preliminary infection. This burst was followed by a gradual release of curcumin as the healing and anti‐inflammatory agent. Better healing was observed in rats treated with the drug‐loaded composites than in blank and control groups. Wounds showed up to 80% closure in the treated group, with high collagen deposition. Re‐epithelialization and granulation were also better in the treated group than in the non‐treated control and blank groups. Histopathological examination revealed that drug‐loaded composites improved cutaneous wound healing and regeneration. In conclusion, the micelle–hydrogel composite is an effective dressing and might have major applications in wound healing. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 107A: 1094–1106, 2019.
Effect of cyclic compression on bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells in tissue engineered cartilage scaffold
Authors: Wang Wei , Wan Ying , Fu Tao , Zhou Ting , Tang Xiangyu , Wu Hua , Liu Chaoxu , Jagodzinski Michael 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIn this current study, a novel multilayer porous composite scaffold was fabricated with chitosan (CS), silk fibrin (SF) and nano‐hydroxyapatite (n‐HA). Scanning electron microscope was utilized to detect the characteristics of the composed scaffold. Rat bone marrow stromal cells (rBMSC) were loaded onto the CS/SF/n‐HA scaffold and cultured in a bioreactor under an on–off dynamic compression (10% compressive strain, 0.5 Hz, [2 h action + 4 h pause]/cycle, 4 cycles/day). Metabolism of the loaded rBMSC was assessed through CCK‐8 test. Qualitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot were applied to assess the chondrogenic differentiation of the seeded cells. Compressive modulus of the cell/scaffold constructs was analyzed. Additionally, a pig model was employed to evaluate the effect of the tissue‐engineered cartilage on repairing of cartilage defect. Results showed that the four layers within the scaffold were tightly connected without gaps between porous interfaces of the layers. Scaffold porosity was 92.20% ± 1.30%. The cyclic compression upregulated chondrogenesis markers (Aggrecan, Sox‐9, and collagen II). Increased compressive modulus of the cell/scaffold complex was detected after dynamic compression. The pig bone marrow stromal cells/scaffold complex exposed to cyclic compression presented most favorable reparative effect on the mini pig femoral condyle cartilage defects. Our study suggested that the on–off dynamic compression might be a promising approach to fabricate tissue‐engineered cartilage in vitro. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 107A: 1294–1302, 2019.
Modification of honeycomb bioceramic scaffolds for bone regeneration under the condition of excessive bone resorption
Authors: He Fupo , Lu Teliang , Fang Xibo , Tian Ye , Li Yanhui , Zuo Fei , Ye Jiandong 
Published: February 2019

AbstractGallium (Ga) ions have been clinically approved for treating the diseases caused by the excessive bone resorption through the systemic administration. Nevertheless, little attention has been given to the Ga‐containing biomaterials for repairing bone defects under the pathological condition of excessive bone resorption. In the current study, for the first time the Ga‐containing phosphate glasses (GPGs) were introduced to modify the honeycomb β‐tricalcium phosphate (β‐TCP) bioceramic scaffolds, which were prepared by an extrusion method. The results indicated that the scaffolds were characterized by uniform pore structure and channel‐like macropores. The addition of GPGs promoted densification of strut of scaffolds by achieving liquid‐sintering of β‐TCP, thereby tremendously increasing the compressive strength. The ions released from scaffolds pronouncedly inhibited osteoclastogenesis‐related gene expressions and multinuclearity of RAW264.7 murine monocyte cells, as well as expressions of early osteogenic makers of mouse bone mesenchymal stem cells (mBMSCs). However, the scaffolds with lower amount of Ga increased cell proliferation and upregulated expression of late osteogenic maker of mBMSCs. This study offers a novel approach to modify the bioceramic scaffolds for bone regeneration under the condition of accelerated bone resorption. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 107A: 1314–1323, 2019.
Cerebrospinal fluid biogenic amines depletion and brain atrophy in adult patients with phenylketonuria
Authors: Pilotto Andrea , Blau Nenad , Leks Edytha , Schulte Claudia , Deuschl Christian , Zipser Carl , Piel David , Freisinger Peter , Gramer Gwendolyn , Kölker Stefan , Haas Dorothea , Burgard Peter , Nawroth Peter , Georg Hoffmann , Scheffler Klaus , Berg Daniela , Trefz Friedrich 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBiogenic amines synthesis in phenylketonuria (PKU) patients with high phenylalanine (Phe) concentration is thought to be impaired due to inhibition of tyrosine and tryptophan hydroxylases and competition with amino acids at the blood‐brain barrier. Dopamine and serotonin deficits might explain brain damage and progressive neuropsychiatric impairment in adult PKU patients. Ten early treated adult PKU patients (mean age 38.2 years) and 15 age‐matched controls entered the study. Plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Phe, 5‐hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5‐HIAA), 5‐hydroxytryptophan (5‐HTP), 3,4‐dihydroxy‐l‐phenylalanine (l‐DOPA) and homovanillic acid (HVA) were analyzed. Voxel‐based morphometry statistical nonparametric mapping was used to test the age‐corrected correlation between gray matter atrophy and CSF biogenic amines levels. 5‐HIAA and 5‐HTP were significantly reduced in PKU patients compared to controls. Significant negative correlations were found between CSF 5‐HIAA, HVA, and 5‐HTP and Phe levels. A decrease in 5‐HIAA and 5‐HTP concentrations correlated with precuneus and frontal atrophy, respectively. Lower HVA levels correlated with occipital atrophy. Biogenic amines deficits correlate with specific brain atrophy patterns in adult PKU patients, in line with serotonin and dopamine projections. These findings may support a more rigorous Phe control in adult PKU to prevent neurotransmitter depletion and accelerated brain damage due to aging.
Dose reduction in CT imaging for facial bone trauma in adults: A narrative literature review
Authors: Hooper Tayla , Eccles Grace , Milliken Talia , Mathieu‐Burry Josephine R. , Reed Warren 
Published: February 2019

AbstractTrauma to the facial area accounts for a significant number of admissions to the emergency department. Diagnostic imaging is almost always required, and is critical in determining patient management. Multi‐detector computed tomography (MDCT) appears consistently in the literature as the gold‐standard imaging modality for facial bones, but results in a high radiation dose to the patient. This makes the application and advancement of dose reduction and dose optimisation methods vital. This narrative review presents a critical analysis of the literature concerning diagnostic imaging of facial bone trauma, with an emphasis on dose reduction methods for MDCT. Databases including Pubmed, Medline, Web of Science and Scopus were used to investigate this topic, with the key words: facial bone trauma, computed tomography (CT) imaging and dose reduction. Exclusion criteria included studies on nasal bone fracturing, dental imaging, elective surgeries and paediatric imaging. The literature shows overwhelming support for MDCT, given its accuracy, efficiency and ease of operation. Noise reducing reconstruction algorithms show promise as a successful method of dose reduction in facial bone imaging. Investigations of more innovative techniques also appear within the literature, including diagnostic cone‐beam CT (CBCT), intraoperative CBCT and dual‐source CT (DSCT), but further research is required to confirm their clinical value.
Sound levels and safety in cosmetic laser surgery
Authors: Callaghan Daniel J. , Bonati Lauren M. , Alam Murad , Jerdan Kimberly , Taylor Mark B. , Dover Jeffrey S. 
Published: February 2019

ObjectivesMeasure the sound levels produced by various lasers commonly used during routine outpatient cosmetic surgery to determine whether or not their use exceeds exposure levels set forth by the US National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) and the US Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA).Materials and MethodsUsing two different meters, the sound levels of lasers commonly used in cosmetic surgery were recorded during various procedures for several indications: tattoo removal, treatment of lentigines and pigmented lesions, facial erythema and vascular lesions, hair removal and resurfacing of acne scars, and photoaging.ResultsAll but five lasers had a maximum sound level below 85 dBA, the limit proposed by NIOSH. The loudest laser examined was a fully ablative 2,940 nm Er:YAG during facial resurfacing, with an average maximum sound level of 101.5 decibels (dBA). Two other lasers used for resurfacing exceeded 85 dBA including a fractional ablative 1064 Nd:YAG with an average maximum of 97.8 and a different fully ablative 2,940 nm Er:YAG which had an average maximum of 96.3 nm. The two other lasers that exceeded 85 dBA were picosecond lasers used to treat black tattoos, including a 1,064 nm Nd:YAG with an average maximum of 93.7 dBA and a 755 nm alexandrite with an average maximum of 93.6 dBA.ConclusionAlthough some lasers in cosmetic surgery may be perceived as being quite loud, they remain safe. Even the loudest laser studied would have to be used for nearly 2 hours before exceeding the OSHA recommended exposure limit. Even physicians who spend a large amount of time using lasers in clinical practice should be reassured that these devices are not likely to produce noise‐induced hearing loss (NIHL) hearing loss. Lasers Surg. Med. 51:491–494, 2019. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Sonodynamic Therapeutic Effects of Sonosensitizers with Different Intracellular Distribution Delivered by Hollow Nanocapsules Exhibiting Cytosol Specific Release
Authors: Teranishi Ryoma , Matsuda Takayuki , Yuba Eiji , Kono Kenji , Harada Atsushi 
Published: February 2019

AbstractSonodynamic therapy (SDT) is a novel promising noninvasive therapy involving utilization of low‐intensity ultrasound and sonosensitizer, which can generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) by sonication. In SDT, a high therapeutic effect is achieved by intracellular delivery and accumulation at the target sites of sonosensitizer followed by oxidative damage of produced ROS by sonication. Here, pH‐ and redox‐responsive hollow nanocapsules are prepared through the introduction of disulfide cross‐linkages to self‐assembled polymer vesicles formed from polyamidoamine dendron‐poly(l‐lysine) for the efficient delivery of sonosensitizer. As sonosensitizer, doxorubicin (DOX), an anticancer drug accumulating into cell nucleus, is selected. Also, the conjugate of DOX and triphenylphosphonium (TPP‐DOX) is synthesized as sonosensitizer with mitochondrial targeting ability. DOX and TPP‐DOX are delivered to nucleus and mitochondria by nanocapsules. Furthermore, DOX‐ or TPP‐DOX‐loaded nanocapsules exhibit in vitro sonodynamic therapeutic effect to HeLa cells with sonication, which might be through oxidative damage to nucleus and mitochondria.
Convergent end‐to‐end neurorrhaphy: An alternative technique for dual innervation of the gastrocnemius muscle in rats
Authors: Nepomuceno André C. , de Faria José C. , Politani Elisa L. , Silva Eduardo G. , Salomone Raquel , Longo Marco V. , Lima Washington , Salles Alessandra G. , Gemperli Rolf 
Published: February 2019

IntroductionMuscle contraction generated by electrical impulses simultaneously originating from two different neural sources may be an interesting treatment alternative for long term facial palsy. An experimental model was designed to compare single and dual innervation of the gastrocnemius muscle (GM) in rats.MethodsFifty adult Wistar rats underwent transection of their right peroneal nerve and were divided into five groups (n = 10): control (C), tibial nerve section (TS), tibial nerve primary end‐to‐end neurorrhaphy (PEE), tibial nerve primary repair associated with end‐to‐side peroneal‐to‐tibial nerve transfer (PRES), and tibial nerve repair by convergent end‐to‐end (CEE) neurorrhaphy between the proximal stumps of the tibial and peroneal nerves to the distal stump of the tibial nerve. The outcomes were assessed 12 weeks after the experiment by walking track, electromyography, GM mass index, and histomorphometric analysis of the distal tibial nerve.ResultsThe functional recovery of the PRES (−33.77 ± 24.13) and CEE (−42.15 ± 31.14) groups was greater (P < 0.003) than the PEE group (−80.26 ± 17.20). The CEE group (18.35 ± 7.84) showed greater amplitude (P = 0.006) than the PEE group (8.2 ± 4.64). There was no difference in the muscle mass index among the reinnervation groups (P > 0.705). Histologic analysis revealed greater (P < 0.002) axonal density in the CEE group (126.70 ± 15.01) compared to PEE (99.70 ± 12.82) and PRES (92.00 ± 19.17) groups.ConclusionsThe dual innervation techniques showed earlier and greater functional recovery of the GM than did the single innervation technique. The CEE group showed a 40% higher number of regenerated axons in the distal tibial nerve stump.
A method for single‐band and multiband filters design based on right trapezoid half‐mode substrate integrated waveguide
Authors: Zhang Sheng , Cheng Jun‐Jie , Guo Ya , Liu Hai , Liu Fa‐Lin 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIn this article, a novel right trapezoid half‐mode substrate integrated waveguide resonator (RTHMSIWR) is firstly proposed. Based on it, a simple filter design method is presented. By controlling the ratio of the upside length to height of RTHMSIWR, the electric field distribution becomes regular and makes the resonant mode easy to generate the passband response, correspondingly. The fundamental and higher‐order modes are available to realize single‐band or multiband responses as the ratio changes, which provides a flexible choice on band allocation. For verification, a tri‐band bandpass filter (BPF) with source‐load coupling is designed. To further achieve a better rejection between the first and second passbands, a pair of complementary split‐ring resonators (CSRRs) is introduced. Total seven transmission zeros (TZs) are produced to improve the out‐band selectivity. The measured results agree well with the simulated ones.
Technique for constructing hemispherical dielectric lens antennas
Authors: dos Santos R. A. , Fré G. L. , Spadoti D. H. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractHemispherical dielectric lens antennas can be designed to present multifunctional operation. Simple and efficient mathematical modeling to design these structures is presented. The constructing technique is based on the lens material and the desired operational frequency of the dielectric lens antennas. The analytical developed model was compared with both complete wave numerical simulations and practical experiments. The results indicate that the proposed equations to build hemispherical dielectric lens antennas are adequate for different operational frequencies and also for different dielectric lens materials.
A preliminary study of milk powder hydration using TEDSpiL continuous wave NMR
Authors: Parslow Steven T. , Almazrouei Najlaa K. , Newton Michael I. , Dye Elizabeth R. , Morris Robert H. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractMoisture content of foodstuffs are typically assessed by Titration or Near Infrared Spectroscopy, which are labour‐intensive as a manual measurement or costly when automated. Magnetic resonance offers a method for moisture evaluation but is also normally costly. In this work, we revisit Look and Locker's “Tone Burst” experiment with a marginal oscillator to evaluate moisture content of powdered–skimmed milk subjected to increased humidity. We refer to this technique as the Transient Effect Determination of Spin–Lattice (TEDSpiL) relaxation times. Moisture content in the samples ranged from 0–12% as determined from the weight gained by the dry powder when re‐suspended in water to reach a concentration of 40% w/v. The relaxation properties of re‐hydrated samples were measured with a CW NMR sensor. Solutions made up from powders with a higher retained moisture content provided lower measured relaxation values providing a method of measuring the moisture content of the powder. This technique provides a moisture measurement in under 5∼s compared with several minutes for the equivalent pulsed method using low‐field hardware.
Twice‐weekly glucocorticosteroids in infants and young boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Authors: Connolly Anne M. , Zaidman Craig M. , Golumbek Paul T. , Cradock Mary M. , Flanigan Kevin M. , Kuntz Nancy L. , Finkel Richard S. , McDonald Craig M. , Iannaccone Susan T. , Anand Pallavi , Siener Catherine A. , Florence Julaine M. , Lowes Linda P. , Alfano Lindsay N. , Johnson Linda B. , Nicorici Alina , Nelson Leslie L. , Mendell Jerry R. ,   for the MDA DMD Clinical Research Network
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Glucocorticosteroids (GC) are effective in slowing weakness in boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Methods: This is a multisite, 1‐year, open‐label trial of twice‐weekly prednisolone (5 mg/kg/dose) in infants/young boys (0.4–2.4 years) with DMD. We compared changes in Bayley III Scales of Infant Development (Bayley‐III) with untreated boys followed for 1 year (historical control cohort [HCC]). Twenty‐three of 25 participants completed the study. Results: Treated boys gained an average of 0.5 points on the Bayley‐III gross motor scaled score (GMSS) compared with the HCC who, on average, declined 1.3 points (P = 0.03). All boys maintained linear growth, and none developed Cushingoid features. Excessive weight gain occurred in 13 of 23 (56%) boys. Discussion: This study provides evidence that twice‐weekly GC is well tolerated in infants and young boys with DMD and improves GMSS. Excessive weight gain is a potential risk. Longer follow‐up is required to determine whether early GC initiation is feasible in most infants/boys with DMD. Muscle Nerve 59:650–657, 2019