bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NMR reveals light-induced changes in the dynamics of a photoswitchable fluorescent protein
Authors: Christou N. E. , Ayala I. , Giandoreggio-Barranco K. , Byrdin M. , Adam V. , Bourgeois D. , Brutscher B. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe availability of fluorescent proteins with distinct phototransformation properties is crucial for a wide range of applications in advanced fluorescence microscopy and biotechnology. To rationally design new variants optimized for specific applications, a detailed understanding of the mechanistic features underlying phototransformation is essential. At present, little is known about the conformational dynamics of fluorescent proteins at physiological temperature, and how these dynamics contribute to the observed phototransformation properties. Here, we apply high-resolution NMR spectroscopy in solution combined with in-situ sample illumination at different wavelengths to investigate the conformational dynamics of rsFolder, a GFP-derived protein that can be reversibly switched between a green fluorescent state and a non-fluorescent state. Our results add a dynamic view to the static structures obtained by X-ray crystallography. Including NMR into the analytical toolbox used for fluorescent protein research provides new opportunities for investigating the effect of mutations or changes in the environmental conditions on the conformational dynamics of phototransformable fluorescent proteins, and their correlation with the observed photochemical and photophysical properties.SignificancePhoto-transformable Fluorescent Proteins (PTFPs) are essential tools for super-resolution (SR) microscopy. In practical applications, however, researchers often encounter problems when using PTFPs in a particular cellular context, because the environmental conditions (pH, temperature, redox potential, oxygen level, viscosity, …) affect their brightness, photostability, phototransformation kinetics, etc. Rational fluorescent protein engineering exploits the mechanistic information available from structural studies, mainly X-ray crystallography, in order to design new PTFP variants with improved properties for particular applications. Here we apply NMR spectroscopy in solution to investigate the light-induced changes in conformational dynamics of rsFolder, a reversibly switchable fluorescent protein. The dynamic view offered by NMR highlights protein regions that comprise potentially interesting mutation points for future mutagenesis campaigns.
Effect of Accelerated Storage on Fatty Acids, Thermal Properties and Bioactive Compounds of Kenaf Seed Oil
Authors: Zhang Zhen‐shan , Zhang Li‐xia , Xie Qing‐fang , Che Li‐ming 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe effects of thermal oxidation at 65 °C for 24 days on oxidation indices, fatty acid positional distribution, thermal properties, vitamin E composition and sterol composition of kenaf seed oil are investigated. The results showed that total oxidation value (TOTOX) of the oil increased from initial 8.83 to 130.74 at the end of 24 days storage. Linoleic acid at sn‐1, 3 positon of kenaf seed oil was less stable than the one at sn‐2 positon. Oxidative degradation changed the melting profile of kenaf seed oil, the value of endothermic enthalpy reduced from 58.17 to 20.25 J/g after 24 days of storage. Moreover, the content of vitamin E and total sterol decreased by 84.26% and 38.47%, respectively. Tocotrienols were more stable than tocopherols during the accelerated storage. Correlation analysis indicated vitamin E content was significantly related to p‐anisidine value, while sterol content was significantly related to peroxide value.Practical ApplicationKenaf seed oil is rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids and bioactive compounds. Heating process and long‐term storage cause oil oxidation and bioactive compounds degradation. The oxidation process of kenaf seed oil is simulated with accelerated storage. The study evaluates fatty acid composition and distribution, vitamin E and sterol content, melting thermal characteristics of kenaf seed oil at different oxidation levels. The research shows the stability of fatty acid is related with its type and position in backbone of triacylglycerol molecule. There are good correlation among oxidation level, vitamin E and sterol content, and melting enthalpy value of kenaf seed oil.
Effect of Basket Geometry on the Sensory Quality and Consumer Acceptance of Drip Brewed Coffee
Authors: Frost Scott C. , Ristenpart William D. , Guinard Jean‐Xavier 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn this work, discrimination tests, descriptive analysis, consumer tests, and total dissolved solids (TDS) were used to evaluate the effects of brew basket geometry on the sensory quality and consumer acceptance of drip brewed coffee. Two basic geometries, semi‐conical and flat‐bottom, were evaluated in conjunction with coffee roast and particle size. Initial discrimination tests showed that small differences in median particle size were not discernable, but that coffees brewed using either semi‐conical or flat‐bottom filter baskets were significantly different (P < 0.05, N = 45). Additionally, coffee brewed in the semi‐conical basket had significantly higher %TDS, and we estimated a sensory difference threshold of 0.24 %TDS. A subsequent descriptive analysis (DA) showed significant differences by roast for 11 attributes and by grind for six attributes. Although brewing geometry, as a single factor, was only significantly different for three independent attributes (smoke aroma, sweetness, and tobacco flavor), roast × geometry interactions were significant for six attributes (berry flavor, bitterness, burnt wood/ash, citrus flavor, earthy flavor, and sourness) and the grind × geometry interaction was significant for two attributes (bitterness and floral aroma). Attributes showing significant interactions with brewing geometry were also key drivers of consumer liking/disliking. Overall consumer liking (9‐point hedonic scale) was analyzed by cluster analysis (N = 85), which revealed four distinct preference clusters. For each cluster, a particular basket geometry and/or roast level showed lesser acceptance. Overall, the results strongly corroborate the hypothesis that basket geometry affects the sensory quality of drip brewed coffee.Practical ApplicationMost Americans consume drip brewed coffee. Improving our understanding of the effects of basket geometry, roast level, and grind size on the total dissolved solids, sensory properties, and acceptability of drip brewed coffee gives producers and consumers alike an opportunity to optimize the sensory quality of their coffee.
Imaging features of undifferentiated carcinoma of the pancreas
Authors: Ishigami Kousei , Nishie Akihiro , Yamamoto Takeo , Asayama Yoshiki , Ushijima Yasuhiro , Kakihara Daisuke , Fujita Nobuhiro , Morita Koichiro , Ohtsuka Takao , Kawabe Ken , Mochidome Naoki , Honda Hiroshi 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIntroductionThe purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate imaging features of undifferentiated carcinoma of the pancreas.MethodsThe study group included eight patients with surgically resected undifferentiated carcinoma of the pancreas. Multidetector‐row computed tomography (MDCT, n = 8) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI, n = 6) findings were retrospectively reviewed.ResultsOn MDCT, all eight cases were hypovascular with upstream main pancreatic duct (MPD) dilatation, and only 1 showed exophytic growth. Five cases (62.5%) showed necrosis/cystic change, and calcification was observed in two cases (25%). Calcification reflected tumour osteoid components. On MRI, haemorrhage and hemosiderin were observed in 4 of 6 (66.7%) cases. In addition, tumour thrombus in the splenic vein (n = 1) and intraductal tumour growth in the MPD (n = 2) were pathologically identified, although imaging studies only revealed 1 of these latter cases.ConclusionUndifferentiated carcinoma of the pancreas may present as a tumour with haemorrhagic necrosis. Coexistence of calcification, intraductal tumour growth in the MPD and tumour thrombus may support the imaging diagnosis of this entity.
Neurobehavioral effects of neonatal opioid exposure in mice: Influence of the OPRM1 SNP
Authors: Robinson Shivon A. , Jones Alonzo D. , Brynildsen Julia K. , Ehrlich Michelle E. , Blendy Julie A. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractOpioid use among pregnant women is a growing public health concern in the United States. Infants exposed to opioids in utero are at risk of exhibiting neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS). The biological mechanisms underlying short and long‐term consequences of in utero opioid exposure and NOWS are unknown. A potential genetic factor is a single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the mu‐opioid receptor gene (OPRM1 A118G). Opioid exposed infants with the G‐allele spend less time in hospitals after birth. To determine whether this SNP modulates the neurobehavioral effects of neonatal opioid exposure and withdrawal, we used mice possessing the equivalent Oprm1 SNP (A112G). Pups were treated chronically with saline or morphine from postnatal days (PNDs) 1 to 14, a developmental period equivalent to the third trimester of a human pregnancy and a sensitive period for opioid exposure in rodents. Morphine treatment produced significant developmental delays regardless of genotype and increased total ultrasonic vocalizations in males during spontaneous withdrawal. Animals were aged and tested for anxiety and drug response during adolescence and adulthood, respectively. AA morphine‐treated animals showed reduced activity in the marble burying task compared with saline controls; however, this effect was absent in AG and GG animals. As adults, AA males exposed to morphine from PNDs 1 to 14 exhibited enhanced development of locomotor sensitization to morphine, whereas females showed reduced locomotor sensitization. These data suggest the involvement of the Oprm1 SNP for certain outcomes of neonatal opioid exposure and highlight the importance of considering sex and genetic variability for the prognosis of NOWS.
Access to original canal trajectory after deviation and perforation with guided endodontic assistance
Authors: Casadei Bruna de Athayde , Lara‐Mendes Sônia T.de O. , Barbosa Camila de Freitas M. , Araújo Christiane Valente , de Freitas Cristina Almeida , Machado Vinícius C. , Santa‐Rosa Caroline C. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractProcedural accidents are eventualities that may occur during endodontic treatment because of lack of attention to detail or even unforeseeable situations. Knowledge of the root canal anatomy and its variations is a prerequisite for successful endodontic treatment. This case report describes an endodontic treatment where there was an intercurrence, generating deviation and perforation, which was solved with the aid of guided endodontics. A 37 years old, ASA1, was referred to the clinic for localisation and treatment of a calcified canal of the second right upper premolar. The tomographic images revealed the presence of only one canal and deviation with apical perforation. With the help of CBCT and CAD/CAM, it was possible to perform the guided access technique even after deviation and root perforation. Once again, this technique proved to be safe and predictable, allowing for a favourable prognosis in the long term.
Suicide amongst anaesthetists – an Association of Anaesthetists survey
Authors: Yentis S. M. , Shinde S. , Plunkett E. , Mortimore A. 
Published: July 2019

SummaryFollowing a 2–3‐month period of publicity, anaesthetists were invited to participate in an online survey that was administered by a third party company on behalf of the Association of Anaesthetists and ran between 3 September and 31 October 2018. Anaesthetists working in the UK or Ireland were asked about the presence or absence of welfare/support structures or resources in their workplace in the case of mental illness, addiction and/or suicide. Anaesthetists working anywhere in the world were also asked for their experiences of a colleague's suicide, defined as a colleague's taking his or her own life – whether intentional or not – while practising as an anaesthetist in the UK or Ireland, in the same department and at the same time as the respondent. Respondents were also asked about experiences of other suicides not meeting this definition. A total of 3638 responses were received. Most respondents were unaware of the existence of policies/guidance on mental illness, addiction or suicide, or of welfare leads, within their Trust or department. A total of 1916 cases of suicide meeting the survey's definition were reported by 1397 respondents, although the actual number of discrete cases is unknown because of likely multiple reporting of the same cases. A third of respondents who reported a suicide had experience of more than one case. Most reports were of suicide in the last 10 years, and most reported cases involved anaesthetic drugs. Deficiencies were noted in the support available and in the way the deaths were handled, although examples of good support were also described. A further 1715 respondents reported suicides that did not meet the primary definition. Overall, 92% of respondents reporting suicide experienced it through work, and 41% outside of work (total > 100% as some reported both). Although unable to provide estimates of suicide rates, or numerical associations between the features of the deaths, this survey highlights the considerable emotional and mental burden of suicide on anaesthetists.
Psychological outcomes of left ventricular assist device long‐term treatment: A 2‐year follow‐up study
Authors: Voltolini Alessandra , Salvato Gerardo , Frigerio Maria , Cipriani Manlio , Perna Enrico , Pisu Mirella , Mazza Umberto 
Published: July 2019

AbstractLeft ventricular assist device (LVAD) is an effective therapy for patients with advanced or refractory heart failure. It may represent a temporary treatment in heart transplant (HTX) candidates (Bridge‐To‐Transplant—BTT), or a permanent therapy for patients unsuitable for HTX (Destination Therapy—DT). Living with the device may be stressful for both the patients and their caregivers. Currently, evidence on the psychological assessment of LVAD recipients, and factors influencing the patients' psychological adaptation to the device in the long‐term period is limited. Here, we explored the quality of life in 20 patients who were treated with LVAD with BTT (n = 13) or DT indication (n = 7) before (T0), 1 year (T1) and 2 years (T2) after implantation, using the EuroQoL‐5D‐5L test. We also analyzed the influence of sociodemographic (eg, age, gender) and clinical variables (eg, the INTERMACS level and number of hospital admissions) on the quality of life at T2. We found a significant improvement in the self‐perceived quality of life 2 years after LVAD implantation. Patients significantly improved in the domains of physical activity and anxiety and depression symptoms. Interestingly, we also demonstrated that the treatment indication was related to changes in self‐assessed quality of life, which improved over time in patients implanted with DT indication, whereas it decreased from T1 to T2 in patients with BTT indication. Taken together, these findings suggest that LVAD‐related emotional distress and coping strategies need to be carefully evaluated before and in the long‐term after LVAD implantation.
Numerical simulation of centrifugal and hemodynamically levitated LVAD for performance improvement
Authors: Kannojiya Vikas , Das Arup Kumar , Das Prasanta Kumar 
Published: July 2019

AbstractLeft ventricular assist device (LVAD) provides an effective artificial support system to the heart patients. Despite the improved life survival rate, complications like hemolysis, blood trauma, and thrombus formation still limit the performance of the blood pump. The geometrical aspects of blood pumps majorly influence the hemodynamics, therefore these devices must be carefully engineered. In this work, several versions of centrifugal blood pumps are simulated using ANSYS‐CFX to propose a best compatible design for LVAD. A hemodynamic levitation approach for the impeller is also suggested to overcome the cost and weight issue associated with the magnetic levitation. The blood flow is modeled by implementing Bird–Carreau model and its turbulence is solved using the SST turbulence model. The influence of the blade profile, blade tip width, blade numbers, and splitter blades on the hemodynamic characteristics through the pump is observed. An optimum design of centrifugal blood pump for the assistance of failed ventricle is proposed that can effectively pump the blood from the left ventricle to the ascending aorta. The proposal can be adopted by LVAD designers to have hemodynamically tuned efficient product.
Individualised dosing algorithm and personalised treatment of high‐dose rifampicin for tuberculosis
Authors: Svensson Robin J. , Niward Katarina , Davies Forsman Lina , Bruchfeld Judith , Paues Jakob , Eliasson Erik , Schön Thomas , Simonsson Ulrika S.H. 
Published: July 2019

AimsTo propose new exposure targets for Bayesian dose optimisation suited for high‐dose rifampicin and to apply them using measured plasma concentrations coupled with a Bayesian forecasting algorithm allowing predictions of future doses, considering rifampicin's auto‐induction, saturable pharmacokinetics and high interoccasion variability.MethodsRifampicin exposure targets for Bayesian dose optimisation were defined based on literature data on safety and anti‐mycobacterial activity in relation to rifampicin's pharmacokinetics i.e. highest plasma concentration up to 24 hours and area under the plasma concentration–time curve up to 24 hours (AUC0–24h). Targets were suggested with and without considering minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) information. Individual optimal doses were predicted for patients treated with rifampicin (10 mg/kg) using the targets with Bayesian forecasting together with sparse measurements of rifampicin plasma concentrations and baseline rifampicin MIC.ResultsThe suggested exposure target for Bayesian dose optimisation was a steady state AUC0–24h of 181–214 h × mg/L. The observed MICs ranged from 0.016–0.125 mg/L (mode: 0.064 mg/L). The predicted optimal dose in patients using the suggested target ranged from 1200–3000 mg (20–50 mg/kg) with a mode of 1800 mg (30 mg/kg, n = 24). The predicted optimal doses when taking MIC into account were highly dependent on the known technical variability of measured individual MIC and the dose was substantially lower compared to when using the AUC0–24h‐only target.ConclusionsA new up‐to‐date exposure target for Bayesian dose optimisation suited for high‐dose rifampicin was derived. Using measured plasma concentrations coupled with Bayesian forecasting allowed prediction of the future dose whilst accounting for the auto‐induction, saturable pharmacokinetics and high between‐occasion variability of rifampicin.
Comparative assessment of budesonide‐MMX and mesalamine in active, mild‐to‐moderate ulcerative colitis: A systematic review and network meta‐analysis
Authors: Bonovas Stefanos , Nikolopoulos Georgios K. , Piovani Daniele , González‐Lorenzo Marien , Pantavou Katerina , Lytras Theodore , Peyrin‐Biroulet Laurent , Danese Silvio 
Published: July 2019

AimsThe comparative efficacy, safety and tolerability of budesonide‐MMX and oral mesalamine in active, mild‐to‐moderate ulcerative colitis (UC) are unclear. We conducted a network meta‐analysis to fill this evidence gap.MethodsWe searched PubMed, Scopus, Embase, the Cochrane Library, clinical trial registries, regulatory agencies' websites and international conference proceedings, up to July 2018, to identify randomized controlled trials of adult patients with active, mild‐to‐moderate UC, comparing budesonide‐MMX or mesalamine against placebo, or against each other, or different dosing strategies, for induction of remission. Two reviewers independently abstracted study data and outcomes, and assessed each trial's risk‐of‐bias.ResultsWe identified and synthesized evidence from 15 eligible trials including 4083 participants. Budesonide‐MMX 9 mg/day and mesalamine >2.4 g/day had similar efficacy for induction of clinical and endoscopic remission (OR = 0.97; 0.59–1.60), both showing superiority over placebo (OR = 2.68; 1.75–4.10, and OR = 2.75; 1.94–3.90, respectively). Furthermore, mesalamine >2.4 g/day was more efficacious than mesalamine 1.6–2.4 g/day (odds ratio = 1.27; 1.03–1.56). Secondary analyses showed that mesalamine >2.4 g/day ranks at the top among comparator treatments regarding safety (serious adverse events; surface under the cumulative ranking area [SUCRA] 79.2%) and tolerability (treatment discontinuations or withdrawals from the study due to adverse events; SUCRA 96.7%). There was no evidence of inconsistency, while heterogeneity between studies and risk of publication bias were low.ConclusionBudesonide‐MMX and mesalamine >2.4 g/day had similar efficacy for induction of clinical and endoscopic remission in active, mild‐to‐moderate UC; however, mesalamine >2.4 g/day showed better tolerability. Further high‐quality research is warranted.
Low‐dose ketamine provides poor analgesia for pain in redback spider envenoming
Authors: Ryan Nicole M. , James Rosemary , Downes Michael A. , Isbister Geoffrey K. 
Published: July 2019

Redback spider envenoming causes severe pain lasting several days. A recent clinical trial found that antivenom is not effective. We investigated ketamine for pain in redback spider envenoming. Ten adult patients with severe pain from redback spider envenoming were administered 15 mg intravenous ketamine after standard analgesia, then up to 4 oral doses of ketamine 25– 50 mg. Three patients had a clinically significant improvement in pain compared to baseline after intravenous ketamine. Five patients had a minimal decrease in pain and 2 had no improvement. Eight patients received oral ketamine: 4 doses in 5 and 2 doses in 3. At 24 h, 3/6 patients assessed had clinically significant improvement in pain and 4/5 patients assessed at 48 h, had clinically significant improvement in pain. Six patients reported side effects, including dissociation (4) and hallucinations (2). Five patients required rescue opioids and 2 were readmitted to hospital. We found that ketamine provided no additional pain relief in redback spider envenoming, compared to standard analgesia, and resulted in unacceptable adverse effects.
Risk of secondary haematological malignancies in patients with follicular lymphoma: an analysis of 1028 patients treated in the rituximab era
Authors: Prusila Roosa E. I. , Sorigue Marc , Jauhiainen Jyrki , Mercadal Santiago , Postila Aleksi , Salmi Petteri , Tanhua Taru , Tikkanen Susanna , Kakko Sakari , Kuitunen Hanne , Pollari Marjukka , Nystrand Ilja , Kuusisto Milla E. L. , Vasala Kaija , Jantunen Esa , Korkeila Eija , Karihtala Peeter , Sancho Juan‐Manuel , Turpeenniemi‐Hujanen Taina , Kuittinen Outi 
Published: July 2019

SummaryFollicular lymphoma (FL) is the most common indolent lymphoma. Currently there are many comparable treatment options available for FL. When selecting the most optimal therapy it is important to consider possible late effects of the treatment as well as survival. Secondary haematological malignancy (SHM) is a severe late effect of treatments, but the incidence of SHMs is still largely unknown. The goal of the present study was to determine the incidence of SHMs and how therapeutic decisions interfere with this risk. The study included 1028 FL patients with a median follow‐up time of 5·6 years. The 5‐year risk of SHM was 1·1% and the risk was associated with multiple lines of treatment (P = 0·016). The 5‐year risk of SHM was 0·5% after the first‐line treatment and 1·6% after the second‐line. The standardized incidence ratio (SIR) was 6·2 (95% confidence interval 3·4–10·5) for SHM overall. This retrospective study found that the risk of SHM was low after first‐line treatment in FL patients from the rituximab era. However, the risk of SHM increases with multiple lines of treatment. Therapeutic approaches should aim to achieve as long a remission as possible with first‐line treatment, thereby postponing the added risk of SHM.