bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Back analysis of an embedded retaining wall for a deep excavation in Bucharest
Authors: POPA Horatiu , ENE Alexandra , MIRITOIU Roxana , IONESCU Ionela , MARCU Dragos 
Published: June 2018

AbstractRetaining system design involves a careful analysis and knowledge of the geotechnical parameters, as well as the soil‐retaining structure interaction, which is usually accomplished using the finite element method (FEM). Finite element method allows the use of complex constitutive models for all materials, especially for soil behaviour. The aim of this paper is to present the back analysis in terms of calibration of the numerical model used for modelling the self‐supported embedded wall composed of tangent piles for an 8 m deep excavation in Bucharest. Soil parameters were calibrated based on the result obtained from monitoring measurements performed during the execution of the deep excavation through inclinometers installed in the embedded wall, extensometers and incline‐extensometer in the excavation and topographical measurements for both retaining wall and adjacent constructions.
Geotechnical conditions for construction of bank revetment on the Sava amphitheatre area in Belgrade ‐ Serbia
Authors: RAKIĆ Dragoslav , STANIĆ Nemanja , BASARIĆ Irena , FILIPOVIĆ Vladimir 
Published: June 2018

AbstractWithin the project „Belgrade Waterfront”, regulation of the Sava River was predicted, which included the construction of a new bank revetment in a length of about 1800 m. In order to determine the existing situation and to make geotechnical maps for the new bank revetment, geotechnical investigations were performed during 2015. The paper presents the results of these investigations and the defining method of geotechnical models used for the stability analysis of the revetment depending on the extreme hydrological conditions. According to these models, seepage and geostatic calculations were performed, with the aim of illustrating the influence of the Sava River water level oscillations on the groundwater level. As a characteristic case, a 60‐day flood wave was taken into account, which occurred in May and June of 2014. In order to simulate critical conditions during the duration of the flood wave, a further decline in the water level was assumed for another 12 days. Based on the performed geotechnical analysis, the stability of the revetment has been proved.
Geomechanical characterization for tunnelling design along the new railway Kichevo ‐ Albanian border in R. Macedonia
Authors: RAMIREZ Pedro , FRAILE Laura , MARTINEZ Carlos , ANGELOV Vanco 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe complex geology along the Corridor VIII, section Kichevo‐border of R. Albania requires ten new tunnels. The knowledge of geo‐mechanical conditions as well as a better understanding about the failure process and more accurate rock mass strength estimation are of great importance in order to anticipate likely risks and to recommend the most favourable design of the support sections reducing stability problems of the underground excavations. Several cases of tunnel sections analysing different failure modes have been considered. Stress‐strain analyses are performed by means of the state‐of‐the‐art finite elements numerical models assuming a reliable geotechnical model based on the ground site investigations. In particular the paper is focused on the analysis of the longest and deepest tunnel and the management of the associated geotechnical issues when deep tunnels are excavated in weak rocks. In addition, different working lines are discussed with the purpose of thinking over the most advantageous approaches to assume in tunnelling design in these particular conditions.
Ore liquefaction experimental analysis with centrifuge rolling test
Authors: THOREL Luc , SABOYA Fernando , AUDRAIN Philippe , NEEL Alain , BLANC Matthieu 
Published: June 2018

AbstractTo study the development of liquefaction in ore cargo during maritime transportation, a new Rolling Test device has been designed to support similar stresses than those observed in a vessel. It can be used in an 80×g macrogravity field in the 5.5m radius IFSTTAR geo‐centrifuge. Its main characteristics and benchmark test results are presented.
Slope stability analyses considering non‐associated plasticity: Application to boundary value problem
Authors: TSCHUCHNIGG Franz , OBERHOLLENZER Simon , SCHWEIGER Helmut 
Published: June 2018

AbstractLimit equilibrium (LE) methods are commonly used in geotechnical engineering to determine the factor of safety (FS). On the other hand, powerful numerical techniques like the displacement based finite element (FE) method and FE limit analyses are utilized with increased regularity. The latter approach is limited to associated plasticity. Therefore, Davis suggested to use reduced strength parameters (RSP) in combination with an associated flow rule in order to model non‐associated plasticity (NAP). Applying this approach to slope stability leads to very conservative results compared to strength reduction finite element analyses (SRFEA) with NAP. This issue may be overcome by modifications of the original Davis approach, where the RSP are related to the actual degree of NA. The paper presents results of the different Davis approaches on a real boundary value problem. Moreover, results from LE calculations and SRFEA are compared with the obtained ones. From these follow that the modified versions still result in conservative FS but achieve a far better agreement with SRFEA.
Open‐loop geothermal heat exchanger system for heating and cooling of the Sport arena in Skopje
Authors: VELESKA Viktorija , JOSIFOVSKI Josif 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe alternative energy sources are essential for the sustainable development and protection of the environment. In this context, the renewable energy usage had become the new engineering paradigm. The direct use of geothermal energy for cooling and heating is simple and efficient alterative which is widely available and without any restrictions or conditions. Nowadays, more and more buildings use the geothermal energy satisfying more than 80% of the total energy demand for heating and cooling. Most popular are the geothermal heat exchanger systems with deep installations due to their efficiency and cost‐effectiveness. Such an example is the geothermal system of the new Sport arena build in Skopje with open‐loop geothermal heat exchangers is classified as energy efficient facility under class. The primary fluid‐water is exhilarated from the five 30 m geothermal exploitation wells, which through heat pumps is brought to the accumulation chamber inside the building bellow the main court where the heat is stored. Hence, the system is planned to operate in night mode during the cheaper energy tariff used by energy pumps, later to use the stored heat or cold for daily needs. A significant role in the system plays the controlling system with three different management levels.
Several cases of application of geosynthetics in Macedonian engineering practice
Authors: DIMITRIEVSKI Ljupco , DIMITRIEVSKI Dragan , DIMITRIEVSKI Teodor , BOGOEVSKI Boris , DIMITRIESKA Vesna , NEDELKOVSKA Angela 
Published: June 2018

AbstractApplication of geosynthetic materials is widely spread on the Balkans in the last decade. Applications of these materials are usually related to slope stabilizations, landslides rehabilitation, embankments, improvement of foundation soil etc. Most of the experience for designing and application of geosynthetic materials in Macedonia was gained also in last decade. The ‘Geing Krebs und Kiefer International’ company has contributed significantly in the designing of many structures which involve geosynthetics. This paper presents the most significant structures designed by Geing Krebs und Kiefer which are considered in top projects on such structures in Macedonia. The structures presented in this paper mostly involve geogrids, reinforced soil systems (wire meshes and gabions) and gabions. Special attention is paid to the reinforced soil systems which are commonly used for construction of embankments and rehabilitation of landslides in the projects prepared by Geing Krebs und Kiefer. Design and construction aspects for each structure are presented in this paper.
Slope reinforcing by means of new geotechnical technology and their impact on other projects. Case Study: Highway “Fier – Tepelene”
Authors: ISMAILAJA Gerta , BOZO Egi , BOZGO Valmira 
Published: June 2018

AbstractAlbania is a relatively small country that has recently gone through several transitional phases. As such it has a growing economy and in the last few years infrastructure projects, play an important role, in development. Due to a need for connection corridors in the country as well as internationally, new roads are being opened. The country has a difficult terrain that often can become a hindrance to such projects. This has lead the way to the use of new geotechnical and engineering solutions and technology. The Fier‐Tepelene junction is one of the first projects where new engineering methods were utilized, notwithstanding the fact that this is one of the largest projects in Albania. This will be a study of how slopes were reinforces throughout this road axes and what has been the impact of these technologies in following projects.
Comparison of free‐field and foundation input motions from experimentally tested built environments
Authors: KRAUS Ivan , CEROVEČKI Adriana 
Published: June 2018

AbstractEurocode allows recorded acceleration time histories for representations of seismic action for design of structures. However, it does not define whether the ground motion time histories should be obtained from instruments mounted on foundations, below foundations or placed in free field. Recent laboratory experiments showed that foundation input motion may be of higher intensity and with different frequency content when compared to the motion recorded in free‐field during same earthquake event. However, results obtained during a real earthquake events showed that input motions at the foundation of a structure are of similar intensity when compared to motions recorded in free‐field, not far from the structure. In order to investigate the discrepancy this paper provides comparisons of signals recorded at the same time in free‐field and on foundations of structures during the same earthquake event. The signals used were obtained from four different built environments experimentally tested in centrifuges and on shaking tables in Japan, Europe and Canada.
Pile design for kinematic and inertial effects: a parameter study
Authors: WOLF Ákos , RAY Richard P. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe introduction of Eurocode 8 in Hungary presented new challenges in seismic design for geotechnical and structural engineers. During an earthquake, pile foundations must resist both the kinematic forces arising from the deformation of surrounding soil and the inertial effects due to the movement of the superstructure. The inertial effect is usually considered as a lateral load applied to the top of the pile, while kinematic effects are evaluated only in special cases. The evaluation criteria: (1) design ground acceleration >0,1g and (2) soil type D or worse; exist at many building sites in Hungary. Plaxis 3D software with HSSmall soil model was used to analyse the pile behaviour under a seismic event. The model was validated by comparing results to independent site response analyses and analytical equations estimating bending moment in the pile. A parametric study was then carried out to check the effects of mass at pile head and layer thickness on bending moments.
Development of condition‐based tamping process in railway engineering
Authors: BARBIR Olja , ADAM Dietmar , KOPF Fritz , PISTROL Johannes , AUER Florian , ANTONY Bernhard 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBallast, rails and sleepers form a quasi‐elastic track system. When the deformations exceed the elastic limit of the system and the track is no longer lying in its correct position, precautions have to be taken. During a technical track examination several parameters are measured. Should the operational tolerance values of these parameters be exceeded, track maintenance needs to be conducted. Track maintenance includes levelling, lifting, lining and tamping of the track, which is performed by a tamping machine, where the tamping tines penetrate the ballast and compact it beneath the sleeper. For the purpose of this research project, a tamping machine was equipped with a number of strategically positioned sensors in order to perform the in‐situ measurements required to describe the interaction of the tamping tines with the ballast and its compaction beneath the sleeper. With a special emphasis on the energy transferred into the ballast and alteration of ballast stiffness during compaction, conclusions concerning efficiency of the tamping process in different ballast conditions are made and presented.
Underpinning works under existing shallow foundations in Blaj ‐ Romania using Springsol® technology
Authors: MĂGUREANU A. , SATA L. , BITIR (BULIGA) A.C. , MATHIEU F. , HULPUŞ T.‐A. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractRomanian branch of Soletanche Bachy (SB) together with SB Group expertise, carried out underpinning works at an existing factory located in Blaj. After being built in 2007 on poor soil conditions, the structure has continuously developed serious settlements. Various solutions for remediation were studied, but the most suitable was ‐ Springsol® technology. This method is SB's soil mixing technique: it allows construction of soil‐cement columns with small diameter drilling rigs which can fit inside existing buildings. 27 Springsol® columns with d=400 mm were executed under existing foundations. The main works followed a trial carried out on a plot close to the factory. The objective was to validate the construction parameters and measure their characteristics. Dynamic cone penetration measurements were performed around the columns before and after their construction, along with a large number of later excavated trial columns injected with various parameters enabled finding the right response to meet the client’ s expectations and demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed solution.
Solutions for hazards on access road to dam Sveta Petka
Authors: MANOV Hristifor , CVETKOVSKI Pero , SOJAT Damir 
Published: June 2018

AbstractOctopus Rijeka at 2014 begins with international activity through his branch office in Skopje, and at 2015 begins with project “Slope protection of access road to dam Sveta Petka” in Macedonia. This project was exceptionally complex constructional operation, taking in consideration objective geological conditions, extreme geometric parameters of cross profile (slopes about 50 m high), as well as necessity of work in conditions of active traffic. All this required engagement of special machines and special workforce. About this project the most characteristic thing were often landslides on parts. The work section was long about 6 km, and for rehabilitation were provided: 58 000 m2 protection wire mesh, 18 000 m’ anchors, in length from three to eight meters and 2 500 m3 shotcrete. The design provided many work activities, depending from configuration of site and rehabilitation type: slope protection with wire mesh and/or shotcrete; rehabilitation of scree, installation of gabions etc.
Geotechnical and geoecological methods of protecting urban underground collectors (experience of St. Petersburg)
Authors: PERMINOV Nicolay , PERMINOV Andrey 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThis paper, based on the extensive data of studying the work of the tunnel collectors in conditions of soft soils and intense technogenic influences, describes new methods of diagnosing, the features of defects, and the results of modeling joint interaction of the “tunnel – soil bulk” as well as experimental data on experimental objects. The geotechnical methods for protecting the long‐operated tunnel collectors have been developed, and there has been given the unique experience of their application in the objects of St. Petersburg together with their monitoring support.
Experiences from the application of remedial measures in hydrotechnical tunnel on Saska River – M. Kamenica
Authors: ZAFIROVSKI Zlatko , JOVANOVSKI Milorad , SUSINOV Bojan , ABAZI Sead , GACEVSKI Vasko 
Published: June 2018

AbstractTunnels represent significant financial investments with challenging design, construction, and operational issues. They remain in service for extended periods of time, sometime beyond their intended service life. Hydrotechnical tunnels are often prone to repairs and rehabilitation because of the devastating effect of the water. The rehabilitation of any kind of tunnel is a complex process which involves knowledge and experts from different scientific areas. In this paper some experiences from the rehabilitation of the hydrotechnical tunnel on Saska River as a part of the mine for lead and zinc Sasa are shown.
Targeting Serotonin 2A and Adrenergic α1Receptors for Ocular Antihypertensive Agents: Discovery of 3,4‐Dihydropyrazino[1,2‐b]indazol‐1(2H)‐one Derivatives
Authors: Furlotti Guido , Alisi Maria Alessandra , Cazzolla Nicola , Ceccacci Francesca , Garrone Beatrice , Gasperi Tecla , La Bella Angela , Leonelli Francesca , Loreto Maria Antonietta , Magarò Gabriele , Mangano Giorgina , Bettolo Rinaldo Marini , Masini Emanuela , Miceli Martina , Migneco Luisa Maria , Vitiello Marco 
Published: June 2018

AbstractGlaucoma affects millions of people worldwide and causes optic nerve damage and blindness. The elevation of the intraocular pressure (IOP) is the main risk factor associated with this pathology, and decreasing IOP is the key therapeutic target of current pharmacological treatments. As potential ocular hypotensive agents, we studied compounds that act on two receptors (serotonin 2A and adrenergic α1) linked to the regulation of aqueous humour dynamics. Herein we describe the design, synthesis, and pharmacological profiling of a series of novel bicyclic and tricyclicN2‐alkyl‐indazole‐amide derivatives. This study identified a 3,4‐dihydropyrazino[1,2‐b]indazol‐1(2H)‐one derivative with potent serotonin 2A receptor antagonism, >100‐fold selectivity over other serotonin subtype receptors, and high affinity for the α1receptor. Moreover, upon local administration, this compound showed superior ocular hypotensive action in vivo relative to the clinically used reference compound timolol.
Deciphering Specificity Determinants for FR900359‐Derived Gqα Inhibitors Based on Computational and Structure–Activity Studies
Authors: Reher Raphael , Kühl Toni , Annala Suvi , Benkel Tobias , Kaufmann Desireé , Nubbemeyer Britta , Odhiambo Justin Patrick , Heimer Pascal , Bäuml Charlotte Anneke , Kehraus Stefan , Crüsemann Max , Kostenis Evi , Tietze Daniel , König Gabriele M. , Imhof Diana 
Published: June 2018

AbstractDirect targeting of intracellular Gα subunits of G protein‐coupled receptors by chemical tools is a challenging task in current pharmacological studies and in the development of novel therapeutic approaches. In this study we analyzed novel FR900359‐based analogs from natural sources, synthetic cyclic peptides, as well as all so‐far known Gqα inhibitors in a comprehensive study to devise a strategy for the elucidation of characteristics that determine interactions with and inhibition of Gq in the specific FR/YM‐binding pocket. Using 2D NMR spectroscopy and molecular docking we identified unique features in the macrocyclic structures responsible for binding to the target protein correlating with inhibitory activity. While all novel compounds were devoid of effects on Gi and Gs proteins, no inhibitor surpassed the biological activity of FR. This raises the question of whether depsipeptides such as FR already represent valuable chemical tools for specific inhibition of Gq and, at the same time, are suitable natural lead structures for the development of novel compounds to target Gα subunits other than Gq.
Behavior of a Metal Organic Framework Thin‐Film at Elevated Temperature and Pressure as Studied with an Autoclave‐Inserted Atomic Force Microscope
Authors: Brand Rogier P. , Mandemaker Laurens D. B. , Delen Guusje , Rijnveld Niek , Weckhuysen Bert M. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBridging the gap in studying surface reactions, processes, and morphology and measuring at (catalytic) relevant conditions is crucial for our understanding of the working principles of porous crystalline materials. Scanning tunneling microscopy is limited because of the required conductivity of the sample, whereas atomic force microscopy (AFM) is often challenging in use owing to the physical mechanism underlying the technique. Herein, we report a tailor‐made autoclave‐inserted AFM, able to measure at ∼20 bar and ∼110 °C. First, we show the ability to obtain nanometer resolution on well‐defined test samples at before‐mentioned conditions. Second, to demonstrate the possibilities of analyzing morphological evolutions at elevated temperatures and pressures, we use this setup to measure the stability of a surface‐anchored metal‐organic framework (SURMOF) in‐situ at pressures of 1–20 bar in the temperature range between 20 and 60 °C. It was found that the showcase HKUST‐1 material has a good physical stability, as it is hardly damaged from exposure to pressures up to 20 bar. However, its thermal stability is weaker, as exposure to elevated T damaged the material by influencing the interaction between organic linker and metal cluster. In‐situ measurements at elevated T also showed an increased mobility of the material when working at such conditions. Combining the strength of AFM at elevated T and p with ex‐situ AFM and spectroscopic measurements on this MOF showcases an example of how porous materials can be studied at (industrially) relevant conditions using the autoclave‐inserted AFM.
Large Electro‐Optic Kerr Effect in Ionic Liquid Crystals: Connecting Features of Liquid Crystals and Polyelectrolytes
Authors: Schlick M. Christian , Kapernaum Nadia , Neidhardt Manuel M. , Wöhrle Tobias , Stöckl Yannick , Laschat Sabine , Giesselmann Frank 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe electro‐optic Kerr effect in simple dipolar fluids such as nitrobenzene has been widely applied in electro‐optical phase modulators and light shutters. In 2005, the discovery of the large Kerr effect in liquid‐crystalline blue phases (Y. Hisakado et al., Adv. Mater. 2005, 17, 96–98.) gave new directions to the search for advanced Kerr effect materials. Even though the Kerr effect is present in all transparent and optically isotropic media, it is well known that the effect can be anomalously large in complex fluids, namely in the isotropic phase of liquid crystals or in polyelectrolyte solutions. Herein, it is shown that the Kerr effect in the isotropic phase of ionic liquid crystals combines the effective counterion polarization mechanism found in polyelectrolytes and the unique pretransitional growth of the Kerr constant found in the isotropic phase of nematic liquid crystals. Maximum Kerr constants in the order of several 10−11 m V−2 (ten times higher than the Kerr constant of the toxic nitrobenzene and less temperature sensitive than Kerr constants of nematic liquid crystals) make ionic liquid crystals attractive as new class of functional materials in low‐speed Kerr effect applications.