bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physical Origin of Early Failure for Contaminated Optics
Authors: Brown Andrew , Bernot David , Ogloza Albert , Olson Kyle , Thomas Jeff , Talghader Joseph 
Published: January 2019

AbstractLaser-Induced optical breakdown often occurs unexpectedly at optical intensities far lower than those predicted by ultra-short pulse laser experiments, and is usually attributed to contamination. To determine the physical mechanism, optical coatings were contaminated with carbon and steel microparticles and stressed using a 17 kW continuous-wave laser. Breakdown occurred at intensity levels many orders of magnitude lower than expected in clean, pristine materials. Damage thresholds were found to strongly follow the bandgap energy of the film. A thermal model incorporating the particle absorption, interface heat transfer, and free carrier absorption was developed, and it explains the observed data, indicating that surface contamination heated by the laser thermally generates free carriers in the films. The observed bandgap dependence is in direct contrast to the behavior observed for clean samples under continuous wave and long-pulse illumination, and, unexpectedly, has similarities to ultra-short pulse breakdown for clean samples, albeit with a substantially different physical mechanism.
Abnormal concentrations of Cu–Co inHaumaniastrum katangense,Haumaniastrum robertiiandAeolanthus biformifolius: contamination or hyperaccumulation?
Authors: van der Ent Antony , Malaisse François , Erskine Peter D , Mesjasz-Przybyłowicz Jolanta , Przybyłowicz Wojciech J , Barnabas Alban D , Sośnicka Marta , Harris Hugh H 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe Central African Copperbelt of the DR Congo and Zambia hosts more than 30 known Cu–Co hyperaccumulator plant species. These plants can accumulate extraordinarily high concentrations of Cu and Co in their living tissues without showing any signs of toxicity. Haumaniastrum robertii is the most extreme Co hyperaccumulator (able to accumulate up to 1 wt% Co), whereas Aeolanthus biformifolius is the most extreme Cu hyperaccumulator (with up to 1 wt% Cu). The phenomenon of Cu–Co hyperaccumulator plants was studied intensively in the 1970s through to the 1990s, but doubts arose regarding earlier observations due to surficial contamination of plant material with mineral particles. This study set out to determine whether such extraneous contamination could be observed on herbarium specimens of Haumaniastrum robertii and Aeolanthus biformifolius using scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). Further, synchrotron X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) was used to identify the chemical forms of Cu and Co in newly collected Haumaniastrum katangense plant material from the DR Congo. The results show that surficial contamination is not the cause for abnormal Cu–Co concentrations in the plant material, but rather that Cu–Co enrichment is endogenous. The chemical form of Cu and Co (complexation with carboxylic acids) provides additional evidence that genuine hyperaccumulation, and not soil mineral contamination, is responsible for extreme tissue concentrations of Cu and Co in Haumaniastrum katangense.
CMOS fully integrated quasi‐circulator with self‐interference cancellation technique
Authors: da Fonseca A.L.T.B. , Cabrera F.L. , de Sousa F.R. 
Published: January 2019

In this Letter, the authors propose a novel fully integrable architecture for a quasi‐circulator. It is comprised of an inductorless and wideband structure and off‐chip components are not required. This solution is appropriate for use in backscattering systems, such as RFID‐tag readers. The proposed quasi‐circulator differs from passive off‐chip circulators because the power amplifier is embedded and the terminals have non‐standard impedances. Thus, they propose a leakage figure as a figure‐of‐merit, which is related to the isolation of conventional circulators. The structure described herein is applied to a wireless power transfer system with an output power of 25 dBm at 990 MHz.
Sekundäre Traumatisierung bei Pflegenden
Authors: Illichmann Ulrike 
Published: January 2019

ZusammenfassungPflegende hören häufig viel Leid von traumatisierten Patienten und sind von deren
Schicksal sehr berührt. Dass das oftmals tiefe Narben in ihrer eigenen Psyche
hinterlässt und sie dadurch indirekt traumatisiert werden, wird weitgehend
ignoriert. Woran eine sekundäre Traumatisierung zu erkennen ist und welche
präventiven Ansätze es gibt, erläutert unsere Autorin.
Kaltplasma zur Behandlung therapierefraktärer Hornhautulzera
Authors: Reitberger Helena , Martines Emilio , Mohr Andreas , Chow Catherine , Fuchsluger Thomas 
Published: January 2019

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Die Integrität der Augenoberfläche und die Transparenz der Hornhaut als „Fenster des Auges“ sind Voraussetzungen für die Erzielung einer sehr guten Sehkraft, einem Körpersinn mit zentraler Bedeutung für Lebensqualität und für soziale oder berufliche Teilnahme am gesellschaftlichen Umfeld. Die Homöostase an der Augenoberfläche ist ständig durch Mikroben und durch intrinsische Faktoren mit negativen Auswirkungen auf die Wundheilung bedroht (z. B. metabolische Störungen wie Diabetes mellitus). Zudem stellt die weite Verbreitung von Kontaktlinsen ein beachtliches Risiko für mikrobielle Infektionen durch mangelnde Hygiene dar. In fortgeschrittenen Stadien können Keratitiden mit kornealen Defekten einhergehen und durch assoziierten Stromaverlust zur Perforation der Hornhaut führen. Gegenwärtige Behandlungsansätze beinhalten topische und systemische Anwendungen von Antibiotika oder Antimykotika und bedürfen in schwereren Fällen der stationären Behandlung.
Patienten/Material und Methoden Manche Mikroben können therapierefraktär oder -resistent sein und daher eine Verschlechterung des klinischen Befunds verursachen. In der vorgelegten Untersuchung wurden der Effekt von Kaltplasma hinsichtlich der Reduktion der Erregerlast in vitro, im Gewebe ex vivo sowie bei einem therapierefraktären Ulkus untersucht. Kaltplasma ist elektrisch ionisiertes Gas, das grundsätzlich zur Oxidation und Entkeimung von Luft, Oberflächen, OP-Instrumenten oder Geweben eingesetzt wird. In der Natur unter anderem von Blitzen und Polarlichtern vorkommend, sind künstlich hergestellte Plasmen von Neonröhren und dem Schweißen bekannt.
Ergebnisse In vitro, ex vivo sowie bei der Behandlung eines therapierefraktären Hornhautgeschwürs konnte die Reduktion der Erregerlast bzw. eine Besserung des klinischen Befunds gezeigt werden.
Schlussfolgerung Plasmamedizin und ihre desinfizierenden Eigenschaften können neue Ansätze in der Behandlung mikrobieller Hornhautinfektionen eröffnen. Dies kann zu einer Verkürzung der Behandlungszeit, zu einer schnelleren Erholung des Patienten sowie insgesamt zu einer Senkung der Kosten für Gesundheitssysteme führen.
Eine Gruppenintervention zur Förderung der Arbeitsfähigkeit
für Patienten mit Kopf-Hals-Tumoren
Authors: Broemer Laura , Esser Peter , Koranyi Susan , Friedrich Michael , Leuteritz Katja , Wiegand Susanne , Dietz Andreas , Boehm Andreas , Pabst Friedemann , Strauß Bernhard M. , Guntinas-Lichius Orlando , Mehnert Anja 
Published: January 2019

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Trotz hoher Belastung nimmt ein Großteil der Patienten mit
Kopf-Hals-Tumoren keine psychosoziale Versorgung in Anspruch. Diese Patienten
haben darüber hinaus ein höheres Risiko als andere Krebspatienten, nicht wieder
in den Beruf zurückzukehren. Daher wurde eine Gruppenintervention entwickelt,
die sich an Patienten mit Kopf-Hals-Tumoren richtet und deren Arbeitsfähigkeit,
Lebensqualität, Selbstwirksamkeit und psychisches Wohlbefinden fördern soll.
Material und Methoden In einem randomisiert-kontrollierten Design erhalten
die Patienten eine Gruppenintervention oder eine sozialrechtliche Beratung.
Eingeschlossen werden männliche Patienten mit Kopf-Hals-Tumoren mit hoher
psychischer und arbeitsbezogener Belastung. Die Gruppenintervention besteht aus
acht Sitzungen. Die Gruppen werden von einer Psychotherapeutin und einem ehemals
Betroffenen eines Kopf-Hals-Tumors (sogenannter Peer) geleitet. Die
Umsetzbarkeit und Akzeptanz der Intervention wurde anhand einer Pilotgruppe
getestet. Die Teilnehmer der Pilotgruppe evaluierten jede Sitzung und wurden
nach Abschluss der Intervention in halbstrukturierten Interviews zur
Intervention befragt.
Ergebnisse Von 113 Patienten persönlich angesprochenen Patienten nahmen
zehn Patienten an einem Screening-Gespräch teil. Davon nahmen vier Patienten an
der Pilotgruppe teil. Die Patienten gaben an, dass sich die Gruppenintervention
gut mit ihrem Alltag vereinbaren ließe und dass sie die Gruppe insgesamt positiv
wahrgenommen hätten. Drei Patienten betonten die Wichtigkeit des Peers.
Diskussion Vor allem der Peers als Identifikationsfigur ist von zentraler
Bedeutung. Zur Verbesserung der Rekrutierungszahlen sollen Einschlusskriterien
erweitert und der Teilnahmeaufwand reduziert werden.
Associations between Maternal AFP and β-HCG and Preterm Birth
Authors: Wang Xu , Chen Ying , Kuang Hualong , Yang Rui , Chen Daozhen , Chen Ailing , Feng Yaling , Dai Jianrong , Wang Ting , Wang Yun 
Published: January 2019

Objective Preterm birth (PTB) is a significant public health problem. We aimed to explore whether alpha fetal protein (AFP) or β-human gonadotropin (β-HCG) levels during pregnancy were associated with PTB in Chinese population.
Study Design The clinical data collected Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Suzhou Hospital and Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital between January 2006 and December 2011 were analyzed retrospectively. A total of 64,999 pregnant women were registered. In addition, 13,828 pregnant women were collected serum from the second trimester. The maternal serum AFP and β-HCG were measured by enzyme immunoassay.
Results In our study, the rate of PTB is 6.23%. With each unit increase of maternal AFP concentration, the adjusted odds of PTB was increased by 69.3% (odds ratio = 1.693, 95% confidence interval: 1.434–1.999, p = 0.00). We set AFP concentrations as high, medium, and low levels. When comparing with low concentration of AFP, high concentration of AFP (≥1.179 M) was positively associated with PTB with adjustment for potential confounders (p < 0.05). Nevertheless, no statistically significant associations were observed between maternal β-HCG and PTB.
Conclusion In this study, maternal AFP concentration was associated with increased risk of PTB.
Intraoperative Detection of Efferent Lymphatic Vessels Emerging from Lymph Node during Lymphatic Microsurgery
Authors: Akita Shinsuke , Yamaji Yoshihisa , Kuriyama Motone , Tokumoto Hideki , Ishigaki Tatsuya , Tezuka Takafumi , Ogata Hideyuki , Kubota Yoshitaka , Mitsukawa Nobuyuki 
Published: January 2019

Background Although the usefulness of efferent lymphaticovenular anastomosis (ELVA) in lymphatic microsurgery has been reported, the optimal method to distinguish efferent from afferent lymphatics is not yet established. We propose a novel technique to detect efferent lymphatics appropriate for anastomosis.
Methods In total, 62 groin lymph nodes (LNs) of 46 limbs were divided into four groups based on the findings of indocyanine green lymphography: n = 15 in normal, 15 in dermal backflow stage 0, 18 in stage I, and 14 in stage II groups. The target LN and afferent lymphatic connecting it were preoperatively detected using ultrasonography. Intraoperatively, 0.05 mL patent blue dye was slowly manually injected from the afferent lymphatic; the lymphatic(s) subsequently stained was diagnosed as the efferent lymphatic(s) emerging from the node. The success rates of efferent lymphatic detection, sizes of LN, and diameter of efferent lymphatics were compared among the groups.
Results Both LN size and diameter of efferent lymphatic were significantly larger in the stage 0 and I groups than the other groups (p < 0.01). Efferent lymphatic could be stained in 13, 13, 18, and 9 LNs in the normal and stage 0, I, and II groups, respectively. A significant difference was observed between the stage I and II groups regarding the success rate of efferent lymphatic detection (p = 0.04).
Conclusion Efferent lymphatics could be detected using patent blue dye in 85.5% of the cases. The patients in early-stage lymphostasis might be the most appropriate candidates for ELVA.
Omega-3 Supplementation for Children with Learning Difficulties and Attention Deficit Disorder: Is it Beneficial?
Authors: Gadoth Natan 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe use of “natural medicines,” food supplements, and in particular long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3/6) for a large variety of ailments including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and other developmental behavioral disorders has dramatically increased in the past few years. In recent publications, doubts have been raised in regard to the benefits and risks of this form of treatment for ADHD. In this article, a short history of the way this treatment has evolved, its theoretical basis, and evidence-based data on the value of this popular supplementation will be reviewed.
Effects of Moxibustion on Central Fatigue in Rats Subjected to Different Degrees of Exhaustive Exercise
Authors: Liang Yu-lei , Xu Xiao-kang , Gao Fei , Wu Zhong-qiu , Zhu Jie , Zhou Xiao-hong , Zhang Zhi-fang , Sun Li-hong , Sun Dong-yun 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Objective To observe the effects of moxibustion on central fatigue in rats subjected to different degrees of exhaustive exercise.
Methods The exhaustive exercise model was established through repeated trials of swimming. Ninety-six male SD rats were randomly divided into the following three groups: a control group (n=32) that did not undergo the exercise routine, an untreated group (n=32) that received no treatment after exercise, and a moxibustion group (n=32) that received a mild dose of moxibustion at “Shénquè” (CV 8) for 15 min after exercise. Rats in each group were randomly and equally divided into 1st, 4th, 7th and 10th trial subgroups according to exercise duration. The levels of hippocampal tissue monoamine neurotransmitters 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), Dopamine(DA) and free radicals Malondialdehyde (MDA), Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were measured after the exhaustive exercise protocol for each group.
Results The exhaustive duration of rats in the 4th trial untreated subgroup was significantly longer than the 1st trial untreated subgroup, while the 7th and 10th trial untreated subgroups were significantly shorter than the 1st trial untreated subgroup. The 7th and 10th trial moxibustion subgroups were longer than the corresponding untreated subgroups. Compared with the control group, the levels of 5-HT and MDA in rat brains for each untreated subgroup were higher and the GSH-Px levels in the 4th, 7th and 10th trial untreated subgroups were lower. The levels of brain DA and SOD in rats from the 1st trial untreated subgroup were significantly higher than controls and then decreased. The 7th and 10th trial untreated subgroups were significantly lower. Compared with the corresponding untreated subgroups, the levels of rat brain 5-HT in the 7th and 10th trial moxibustion subgroups were decreased, the MDA levels in the 4th, 7th and 10th trial moxibustion subgroups were decreased, and the DA,SOD, GSH-Px levels in the 4th, 7th and 10th trial moxibustion subgroups were increased.
Conclusions Moxibustion relieved exercise-induced central fatigue in long-term exercise by reducing the levels of 5-HT and MDA while increasing the levels of DA, SOD, and GSH-Px, effectively extending the duration of the exhaustive exercise.
Interrelationships between structure and function during the hemostatic response to injury
Authors: Tomaiuolo Maurizio , Matzko Chelsea N. , Poventud-Fuentes Izmarie , Weisel John W. , Brass Lawrence F. , Stalker Timothy J. 
Published: January 2019

Significance
Extensive studies have detailed the molecular regulation of individual components of the hemostatic system. Important questions remain, however, regarding how elements of the coagulation cascade, platelets, and the vessel wall are integrated at the systems level to achieve hemostasis in vivo. Here, in a series of high-resolution imaging studies, we explore in detail how a hemostatic plug composed of platelets and fibrin forms in the setting of penetrating vascular injuries. The results reveal a surprisingly heterogeneous hemostatic plug architecture, including gradients of platelet activation and spatial sequestration of thrombin activity outside the vessel lumen. They also show how a widely prescribed class of antiplatelet agents alters hemostatic plug architecture, resulting in adverse bleeding in certain physiologic contexts.
Form/meaning asymmetry in word formation
Authors: Dugas Edwige 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe paper deals with the French morphological prefixation pattern [non-N] (non-qualification‘non-qualification’,non-Italien‘non-Italian’, andnon-ville‘non-city’). It discusses the form/meaning asymmetry displayed by this pattern and its compositionality. It is shown that the general pattern [non-N] actually corresponds to three distinct subconstructions, i.e. distinct form/meaning pairings. Although pragmatic factors may be seen as presenting a challenge to the compositionality of these constructions, it is argued that [non-N]s must be seen as compositional as long as compositionality is defined not only in terms of truth-conditional semantics, but also of pragmatics.
Translating the same text twice
Authors: Killman Jeffrey 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis article presents the results of a study in which students in a graduate translation technologies course post-edited a text they had previously translated earlier in the semester without using machine translation (MT). The results show that post-editing allowed students with performance levels below, at, and just above an established median to improve the quality of their translation products, while students with performances well above the median actually experienced a decrease in quality. Nevertheless, the post-edited products and post-editing performances of the latter remained superior to those of the former. The study shows how different translators experienced gains or not in quality by accepting different aspects of MT output and how the accepted output relates to their human renditions. It also tracks whether their post-edits were necessary and correct and how they relate to their human renditions. Tracking such behaviors attempts to provide a more holistic view of how post-editing might be qualitatively advantageous or disadvantageous.
Developing and validating a methodology for crowdsourcing L2 speech ratings in Amazon Mechanical Turk
Authors: Nagle Charles 
Published: January 2019

AbstractResearchers have increasingly turned to Amazon Mechanical Turk (AMT) to crowdsource speech data, predominantly in English. Although AMT and similar platforms are well positioned to enhance the state of the art in L2 research, it is unclear if crowdsourced L2 speech ratings are reliable, particularly in languages other than English. The present study describes the development and deployment of an AMT task to crowdsource comprehensibility, fluency, and accentedness ratings for L2 Spanish speech samples. Fifty-four AMT workers who were native Spanish speakers from 11 countries participated in the ratings. Intraclass correlation coefficients were used to estimate group-level interrater reliability, and Rasch analyses were undertaken to examine individual differences in rater severity and fit. Excellent reliability was observed for the comprehensibility and fluency ratings, but indices were slightly lower for accentedness, leading to recommendations to improve the task for future data collection.
Online evaluation of congenital amusia (tone deafness) in paediatric stuttering individuals
Authors: Cildir Bünyamin , Akın Şenkal Özgül , Aydın Erdinç 
Published: January 2019

Introduction:
Congenital amusia is a neurological dysfunction which is defined as an anomaly in pitch processing. This dysfunction might negatively affect individuals’ pitch perception in both musical contexts and in speaking.

Methods:
In this study, an on-line MBEA test is used in order to evaluate musical pitch perception of 38 stutterers who receive speech therapy and 31 stutterers who do not receive speech therapy, in comparison with 70 fluent speaking individuals.

Results:
Between online MBEA scores of speech therapy receiving group and non- speech therapy group, any statistically substantial relation could not be detected (p > .05). Speech therapy receiving group scored better in online MBEA test that non- speech therapy group. Especially, together with the decrease in intensity of stuttering, the mean average of the test increases. A statistically substantial relation between the online MBEA scores of stutterer groups and the control group has been detected (p > .05). A linear relationship was seen between patients’ age and online MBEA scores, at the rate of 28.3%.

Conclusions:
With accordance to findings in the study, it has been hypothesized that stuttering individuals might have problems in terms of musical pitch perception.
The interplay between microRNA and alternative splicing of linear and circular RNAs in eleven plant species
Authors: Wang Huiyuan , Wang Huihui , Zhang Hangxiao , Liu Sheng , Wang Yongsheng , Gao Yubang , Xi Feihu , Zhao Liangzhen , Liu Bo , Reddy Anireddy S N , Lin Chentao , Gu Lianfeng 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Motivation
MicroRNA (miRNA) and alternative splicing (AS)-mediated post-transcriptional regulation has been extensively studied in most eukaryotes. However, the interplay between AS and miRNAs has not been explored in plants. To our knowledge, the overall profile of miRNA target sites in circular RNAs (circRNA) generated by alternative back splicing has never been reported previously. To address the challenge, we identified miRNA target sites located in alternatively spliced regions of the linear and circular splice isoforms using the up-to-date single-molecule real-time (SMRT) isoform sequencing (Iso-Seq) and Illumina sequencing data in eleven plant species.

Results
In total, we identified 399 401 and 114 574 AS events from linear and circular RNAs, respectively. Among them, there were 64 781 and 41 146 miRNA target sites located in linear and circular AS region, respectively. In addition, we found 38 913 circRNAs to be overlapping with 45 648 AS events of its own parent isoforms, suggesting circRNA regulation of AS of linear RNAs by forming R-loop with the genomic locus. Here, we present a comprehensive database of miRNA targets in alternatively spliced linear and circRNAs (ASmiR) and a web server for deposition and identification of miRNA target sites located in the alternatively spliced region of linear and circular RNAs. This database is accompanied by an easy-to-use web query interface for meaningful downstream analysis. Plant research community can submit user-defined datasets to the web service to search AS regions harboring small RNA target sites. In conclusion, this study provides an unprecedented resource to understand regulatory relationships between miRNAs and AS in both gymnosperms and angiosperms.

Availability and implementation
The readily accessible database and web-based tools are available at http://forestry.fafu.edu.cn/bioinfor/db/ASmiR.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.