bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of acculturation and psychological adjustment on mental health among migrant adolescents in Guangzhou, China: a cross-sectional questionnaire study
Authors: Shi Lishuo , Chen Wen , Bouey Jennifer Huang , Lin Yanwei , Ling Li 
Published: May 2019

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to examine the pathway and associations among acculturation (ie, language, social interaction and lifestyle), psychological adjustment and mental health of internal migrant adolescents in China.DesignCross-sectional questionnaire study.SettingSix private migrant junior high schools located in Tianhe and Baiyun districts in Guangzhou were chosen as the study sites.ParticipantsA total of 1122 migrant adolescents aged 11–17 years old completed the study.Main outcome measuresMental health was measured by using the Social Anxiety Scale for Children (SASC) and major depression disorder (MDD) in a Brief Child and Family Phone Interview. Acculturation and psychological adjustment were measured by a self-designed and verified questionnaire. Multiple regression models and structural equation models were performed to analyse the association among acculturation, psychological adjustment and mental health while controlling for participant demographic characteristics.ResultsThe average MDD score for boys was 8.78 (SD=2.17) and for girls was 8.56 (SD=2.22), while the average SASC score for boys was 14.67 (SD=3.72) and for girls was 13.41 (SD=4.01). Psychological adjustment had a direct positive effect on MDD (p<0.001, β=0.30) and SASC (p<0.001, β=0.28), and it was the key variable fully mediating the impact of acculturation components on MDD and partly mediating the impact of acculturation on SASC, whereas lifestyle showed a direct negative effect (p=0.003, β=−0.17) on SASC. Of the three acculturation components, lifestyle had the strongest influence on psychological adjustment (p<0.001, β=0.37 and 0.51), followed by social interaction (p<0.001, β=0.24 and 0.13) and language (p<0.001, β=0.17 and 0.11).ConclusionsThe association between acculturation and the mental health of internal migrant adolescents was complex and could be mediated by psychological adjustment. Interventions such as promoting local language and social interaction are needed to enhance psychological adjustment and further improve the mental health of migrant adolescents.
Fidelity protocol for the Action Success Knowledge (ASK) trial: a psychosocial intervention administered by speech and language therapists to prevent depression in people with post-stroke aphasia
Authors: Carragher Marcella , Ryan Brooke , Worrall Linda , Thomas Shirley , Rose Miranda , Simmons-Mackie Nina , Khan Asad , Hoffmann Tammy C , Power Emma , Togher Leanne , Kneebone Ian 
Published: May 2019

IntroductionTreatment fidelity is a complex, multifaceted evaluative process which refers to whether a studied intervention was delivered as intended. Monitoring and enhancing fidelity is one recommendation of the TiDIER (Template for Intervention Description and Replication) checklist, as fidelity can inform interpretation and conclusions drawn about treatment effects. Despite the methodological and translational benefits, fidelity strategies have been used inconsistently within health behaviour intervention studies; in particular, within aphasia intervention studies, reporting of fidelity remains relatively rare. This paper describes the development of a fidelity protocol for the Action Success Knowledge (ASK) study, a current cluster randomised trial investigating an early mood intervention for people with aphasia (a language disability caused by stroke).Methods and analysisA novel fidelity protocol and tool was developed to monitor and enhance fidelity within the two arms (experimental treatment and attention control) of the ASK study. The ASK fidelity protocol was developed based on the National Institutes of Health Behaviour Change Consortium fidelity framework.Ethics and disseminationThe study protocol was approved by the Darling Downs Hospital and Health Service Human Research Ethics Committee in Queensland, Australia under the National Mutual Acceptance scheme of multicentre human research projects. Specific ethics approval was obtained for those participating sites who were not under the National Mutual Agreement at the time of application. The monitoring and ongoing conduct of the research project is in line with requirements under the National Mutual Acceptance. On completion of the trial, findings from the fidelity reviews will be disseminated via publications and conference presentations.Trial registration numberACTRN12614000979651.
Coping, mood and health-related quality of life: a cross-sectional study in Chinese patients with advanced lung cancer
Authors: He Yaping , Jian Hong , Yan Meiqiong , Zhu Jingfen , Li Guohong , Lou Vivian W Q , Chen Jieling 
Published: May 2019

ObjectivesThe ways patients cope with advanced cancer can influence their health-related quality of life (HRQoL). This study aims to examine the mediating role of positive and negative mood in the relationship between coping and HRQoL in patients with advanced lung cancer.MethodsA consecutive sample of 261 patients (mean age: 59.99±9.53) diagnosed with stage III or IV lung cancer was recruited from the inpatient unit in a hospital that specialises in chest-related disease in Shanghai, China. Participants completed measurements including Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire, Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, and 5-level EuroQol 5-dimension instrument.ResultsAlthough the total effects of confrontation on HRQoL were not significant, competing indirect effects via mood were identified: (1) positive indirect effects through positive mood were found for confrontation on mobility, usual activities, pain/discomfort and overall utility index (indirect effect=0.01, 95% CI 0.003 to 0.03); (2) negative indirect effects through negative mood were found for confrontation on mobility, pain/discomfort, anxiety/depression and overall utility index (indirect effect=−0.01, 95% CI −0.03 to −0.001). Resigned acceptance was negatively associated with HRQoL, and indirect effects via mood were identified: (1) negative indirect effects through positive mood were found for resigned acceptance on mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort and overall utility index (indirect effect=−0.01, 95% CI −0.03 to −0.003); (2) negative indirect effects through negative mood were found for resigned acceptance on domains of HRQoL and overall utility index (indirect effect=−0.04, 95% CI −0.06 to −0.02).ConclusionsConfronting advanced lung cancer can fuel ambivalent emotional experiences. Nevertheless, accepting the illness in a resigned way can be maladaptive for health outcomes. The findings suggest interventions that facilitate adaptive coping, reduce negative mood and enhance positive mood, as this could help to improve or maintain HRQoL in patients with advanced lung cancer.
Developing an ecological framework of factors associated with substance use and related harms among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people: protocol for a systematic review
Authors: Snijder Mieke , Lees Briana , Ward James , Stearne Annalee E , Newton Nicola Clare , Stapinski Lexine 
Published: May 2019

IntroductionAboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people experience high rates of substance use and related harms. Previous prevention programmes and policies have met with limited success, particularly among youth, and this may be a result of inadequately targeting the unique risk and protective factors associated with substance use for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. The purpose of this systematic review is to therefore synthesise the risk and protective factors associated with substance use and related harms among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, and critically appraise the methodological quality of the included studies.Methods and analysisA total of seven peer-reviewed (Cochrane, Embase, PsychInfo, Medline, ProQuest, Informit, and CINAHL) and two grey literature (HeathInfoNetand Closing the Gap Clearinghouse) databases will be systematically searched using search terms in line with the aims of this review and based on previous relevant reviews. Studies published between 1 January 1990 and 31 April 2018 will be included if they identify risk and/or protective factors for substance use or related harms in a study sample that consists of at least 50% Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. A narrative synthesis will be undertaken where the identified factors will be organised using an ecological approach into individual, relationship, community, societal and cultural levels. A critical appraisal of study quality will be conducted using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for Studies Reporting Prevalence Data and the qualitative assessment tool by Godfrey and Long.Ethics and disseminationFormal ethics approval is not required as primary data will not be collected. The results will be disseminated through a peer-reviewed publication, conference presentations and social media.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42017073734.
Effects of native language on CPR skills and willingness to intervene in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest after film-based basic life support training: a subgroup analysis of a randomised trial
Authors: Hollenberg Jacob , Claesson Andreas , Ringh Mattias , Nordberg Per , Hasselqvist-Ax Ingela , Nord Anette 
Published: May 2019

ObjectivesThe aim was to investigate whether the students’ native language, Swedish as native language (SNL) versus other native language (ONL), affects cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) skills or willingness to act after film-based training in Swedish.Setting13-year-old students in two municipalities.DesignA subgroup from a previous randomised study was analysed. During 2013 to 2014, a film-based CPR method was evaluated. Practical skills and willingness to act were assessed directly after training and after 6 months. CPR skills were evaluated using a modified Cardiff test.ParticipantsA total of 641 students were included in the analysis (SNL, n=499; ONL, n=142).Primary and secondary outcome measuresPrimary endpoint was the total score of the modified Cardiff test at 6 months. The secondary endpoints were total score directly after training, individual variables for the test and self-reported willingness to act.ResultsAt the practical test, SNL students scored better than ONL students; directly after training, 67% vs 61% of maximum score, respectively (p<0.001); at 6 months, 61% vs 56% of maximum score (p<0.001). Most students were willing to perform compressions and ventilation on a friend (SNL 85% vs ONL 84%). However, if the victim was a stranger, ONL students were more willing to perform both compressions and ventilation than SNL students (52% vs 38% after training, p<0.001; 42% vs 31% at 6 months, p=0.032). SNL students preferred to initiate chest compressions only.ConclusionsSNL students scored slightly higher in the practical CPR skill test than ONL students. Willingness to act was generally high, however ONL students reported higher willingness to perform both compressions and ventilation if the victim was a stranger. Further research is needed to investigate how CPR educational material should be designed and simplified for optimal learning by students. Different language versions or including feedback in CPR training can be a way to increase learning.Ethics approvalThe study was approved by the Regional Ethical Review Board of Linköping, Sweden (2013/358-31).Trial registration numberNCT03233490; Pre-results.
Outcomes associated with hospital admissions for accidental opioid overdose in British Columbia: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Morrow Richard L , Bassett Ken , Maclure Malcolm , Dormuth Colin R 
Published: May 2019

ObjectivesTo study the association between accidental opioid overdose and neurological, respiratory, cardiac and other serious adverse events and whether risk of these adverse events was elevated during hospital readmissions compared with initial admissions.DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingPopulation-based study using linked administrative data in British Columbia, Canada.ParticipantsThe primary analysis included 2433 patients with 2554 admissions for accidental opioid overdose between 2006 and 2015, including 121 readmissions within 1 year of initial admission. The secondary analysis included 538 patients discharged following a total of 552 accidental opioid overdose hospitalizations and 11 040 matched controls from a cohort of patients with ≥180 days of prescription opioid use.Outcome measuresThe primary outcome was encephalopathy; secondary outcomes were adult respiratory distress syndrome, respiratory failure, pulmonary haemorrhage, aspiration pneumonia, cardiac arrest, ventricular arrhythmia, heart failure, rhabdomyolysis, paraplegia or tetraplegia, acute renal failure, death, a composite outcome of encephalopathy or any secondary outcome and total serious adverse events (all-cause hospitalisation or death). We analysed these outcomes using generalised linear models with a logistic link function.Results3% of accidental opioid overdose admissions included encephalopathy and 25% included one or more adverse events (composite outcome). We found no evidence of increased risk of encephalopathy (OR 0.57; 95% CI 0.13 to 2.49) or other outcomes during readmissions versus initial admissions. In the secondary analysis, <5 patients in each cohort experienced encephalopathy. Risk of the composite outcome (OR 2.15; 95% CI 1.48 to 3.12) and all-cause mortality (OR 2.13; 95% CI 1.18 to 3.86) were higher for patients in the year following overdose relative to controls.ConclusionsWe found no evidence that risk of encephalopathy or other adverse events was higher in readmissions compared with initial admissions for accidental opioid overdose. Risk of serious morbidity and mortality may be elevated in the year following an accidental opioid overdose.
Protocol for a scoping review of multi-omic analysis for rare diseases
Authors: Kerr Katie , McAneney Helen , McKnight Amy Jayne 
Published: May 2019

IntroductionThe development of next generation sequencing technology has enabled cost-efficient, large scale, multiple ‘omic’ analysis, including epigenomic, genomic, metabolomic, phenomic, proteomic and transcriptomic research. These integrated approaches hold significant promise for rare disease research, with the potential to aid biomarker discovery, improve our understanding of disease pathogenesis and identify novel therapeutic targets. In this paper we outline a systematic approach for a scoping review designed to evaluate what primary research has been performed to date on multi-omics and rare disease.Methods and analysisThis protocol was designed using the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for scoping reviews. Databases to be searched will include: MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Google Scholar for primary studies relevant to the key terms ‘multi-omics’ and ‘rare disease’, published prior to 30thDecember 2018. Grey literature databases GreyLit and OpenGrey will also be searched, as well as reverse citation screening of relevant articles and forward citation searching using Web of Science Cited Reference Search Tool. Data extraction will be performed using customised forms and a narrative synthesis of the results will be presented.Ethics and disseminationAs a secondary analysis study with no primary data generated, this scoping review does not require ethical approval. We anticipate this review will highlight a gap in rare disease research and provide direction for novel research. The completed review will be submitted for publication in peer-reviewed journals and presented at relevant conferences discussing rare disease research and/or molecular strategies.
Do beer and wine respond to price and tax changes in Vietnam? Evidence from the Vietnam Household Living Standards Survey
Authors: Chelwa Grieve , Toan Pham Ngoc , Hien Nguyen Thi Thu , Thu Le Thi , Anh Pham Thi Hoang , Ross Hana 
Published: May 2019

ObjectiveTo provide the first ever published estimates of the price and expenditure elasticities of demand for beer and wine in Vietnam and thereby contribute to policy initiatives aimed at reducing the excessive consumption of alcohol.MethodsWe use a linear approximation of the Almost Ideal Demand System and data from the Vietnam Household Living Standards Survey for 2010, 2012 and 2014.ResultsWe find that the demand for beer and wine in Vietnam is price and expenditure inelastic with average price elasticities of −0.283 and −0.317 and average expenditure elasticities of 0.401 and 0.156, respectively. That is, we find that beer and wine consumption decline whenever their respective prices increase and their consumption increases whenever expenditure rises.ConclusionsThe results of the study lend confidence to calls for increased taxation of alcoholic products on public health grounds in Vietnam.
Efficacy of a personalised pelvic floor muscle training programme on urinary incontinence after radical prostatectomy (MaTchUP): protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Hodges Paul , Stafford Ryan , Coughlin Geoff D , Kasza Jessica , Ashton-Miller James , Cameron Anne P , Connelly Luke , Hall Leanne M 
Published: May 2019

IntroductionProstate cancer is the most common cancer in men. Prostatectomy is the most common treatment. Morbidity from prostatectomy is high—80% of men experience urinary incontinence which negatively impacts the quality of life. Postsurgical pelvic floor muscle training is commonly prescribed but recent systematic reviews found no evidence of efficacy. We propose a new treatment that commences preoperatively and targets functional training of specific pelvic floor muscles that contribute to urinary continence. Assessment and biofeedback using transperineal ultrasound imaging assists in training. This will be compared against conventional training (maximal pelvic floor muscle contraction assessed by digital rectal examination) and no training. Embedded physiological studies will allow the investigation of moderation and mediation of the treatment effect on the outcomes.Methods and analysisThis randomised clinical trial will include 363 men scheduled to undergo radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer. Participants will be randomised into urethral training, conventional training and no training groups. Clinical data will be collected at baseline (1–2 weeks presurgery) and postsurgery after catheter removal, weekly to 3 months (primary endpoint) and monthly to 12 months. Outcomes include 24-hour pad weight test (primary), incontinence, quality of life and cost-effectiveness data. Neuromuscular control measures of pelvic floor muscles will be measured at baseline, postsurgery, 6 weeks, 3 and 12 months. Study assessors and statisticians will be blinded to the group allocation.Ethics and disseminationThis study is registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry and has ethical approval from the university and host hospital ethics committees. Trial outcomes will be shared via national/international conference presentations and peer-reviewed journal publications.Trial registration numberACTRN12617000788370; Pre-results.
Prevalence and incidence of kidney diseases leading to hospital admission in people living with HIV in France: an observational nationwide study
Authors: Louis Magali , Cottenet Jonathan , Salmon-Rousseau Arnaud , Blot Mathieu , Bonnot Pierre-Henri , Rebibou Jean-Michel , Chavanet Pascal , Mousson Christiane , Quantin Catherine , Piroth Lionel 
Published: May 2019

ObjectivesTo describe hospitalisations for kidney disease (KD) among people living with HIV (PLHIV) in France and to identify the factors associated with such hospitalisations since data on the epidemiology of KD leading to hospitalisation are globally scarce.DesignObservational nationwide study using the French Programme de Médicalisation des Systèmes d’Information database.SettingFrance 2008–2013.ParticipantsAround 10 862 PLHIV out of a mean of 5 210 856 patients hospitalised each year. All hospital admissions with a main diagnosis code indicating KD (International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision codes, N00 to –N39) were collected.Main outcome measuresThe prevalence and incidence of KD leading to hospital admission in PLHIV and the associated risk factors.ResultsThe prevalence of patients hospitalised for KD was 1.5 higher in PLHIV than in the general population, and increased significantly from 3.0% in 2008 to 3.7% in 2013 (p<0.01). The main cause of hospitalisation for KD was acute renal failure (ARF, 25.4%). Glomerular diseases remained stable (6.4%) throughout the study period, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis being the main diagnosis (37.6%). Only 41.3% of patients hospitalised for glomerular disease were biopsied. The other common motives for admission were nephrolithiasis (22.1%) and pyelonephritis (22.6%).The 5-year cumulative incidence of KD requiring hospitalisation was 5.9% in HIV patients newly diagnosed for HIV in 2009. Factors associated with a higher risk of incident KD requiring hospitalisation were cardiovascular disease (HR 3.30, 95% CI 1.46 to 7.49), and, for female patients, AIDS (HR 2.45, 95% CI 1.07 to 5.58). Two-thirds of hospitalisations for incident ARF occurred in the first 2 years of follow-up.ConclusionsHospital admission for KD is more frequent in PLHIV than in the general population and increases over time. ARF remains the leading cause. Glomerular diseases are infrequently documented by renal biopsies. Older patients and those with cardiovascular disease are particularly concerned.
Serum biomarkers and outcomes in patients with moderate COPD: a substudy of the randomised SUMMIT trial
Authors: Celli Bartolome R , Anderson Julie A , Brook Robert , Calverley Peter , Cowans Nicholas J , Crim Courtney , Dixon Ian , Kim Victor , Martinez Fernando J , Morris Andrea , Newby David E , Yates Julie , Vestbo Joergen 
Published: May 2019

RationaleSystemic levels of C reactive protein (CRP), surfactant protein D (SPD), fibrinogen, soluble receptor of activated glycogen end-product (sRAGE) and club cell protein 16 (CC-16) have been associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) outcomes. However, they require validation in different cohorts.ObjectivesRelate systemic levels of those proteins to forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) decline, exacerbations, hospitalisations and mortality in COPD patients (FEV1of ≥50 and ≤70% predicted) and heightened cardiovascular risk in a substudy of the Study to Understand Mortality and MorbidITy trial.MethodsParticipants were randomised to daily inhalations of placebo, vilanterol 25 µg (VI), fluticasone furoate 100 µg (FF) or their combination (VI 25/FF 100) and followed quarterly until 1000 deaths in the overall 16 485 participants occurred. Biomarker blood samples were available from 1673 patients. The FEV1decline (mL/year), COPD exacerbations, hospitalisations and death were determined. Associations between biomarker levels and outcomes were adjusted by age and gender.ResultsSystemic levels of CC-16, CRP, sRAGE, SPD and fibrinogen did not relate to baseline FEV1, FEV1decline, exacerbations or hospitalisations. Fibrinogen and CRP were related to mortality over a median follow-up of 2.3 years. Only the CC-16 changed with study therapy (VI, FF and FF/VI, p<0.01) at 3 months.ConclusionsIn COPD, systemic levels of CC-16, CRP, sRAGE, SPD and fibrinogen were not associated with FEV1decline, exacerbations or hospitalisations. These results cast doubts about the clinical usefulness of the systemic levels of these proteins as surrogate markers of these COPD outcomes. The study confirms that CRP and fibrinogen are associated with increased risk of death in patients with COPD.Trial registration numberNCT01313676.