bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH MODEL DISCOVERY LEARNING TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATERI POKOK FLUIDA STATIS DI KELAS XI SMA NEGERI 1 TANJUNG MORAWA T.P 2016/2017
Authors: Hutabarat Noprilita , Siagian Henok 
Published: June 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui implementasi model Discovery Learning untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar fisika siswa pada materi Fluida Statis. Jenis penelitian ini adalah quasi eksperimen. Populasi dalam penelitian adalah seluruh siswa kelas XI IPA SMA Negeri 1 Tanjung Morawa T.P 2016/2017 yang terdiri dari 6 kelas. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan cara cluster random sampling dengan mengambil 2 kelas yaitu kelas XI-IPA 5 sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas XI-IPA 6 sebagai kelas kontrol. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk mengetahui hasil belajar siswa adalah tes hasil belajar yang berbentuk pilihan ganda dengan jumlah 15 soal. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh nilai rata-rata pretes kelas eksperimen 46,67 dan nilai rata-rata kelas kontrol 46,66. Nilai rata-rata postes hasil belajar siswa kelas eksperimen adalah 69,69 dan kelas konvensional adalah 53,33. Hasil pengujian hipotesis thitung = 6,010 dan ttabel = 1,667 sehingga thitung > ttabel maka ada pengaruh penerapan model Discovery Learning terhadap hasil belajar siswa.Kata kunci : Discovery Learning, Hasil Belajar, dan Aktivitas Belajar
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS MASALAH DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MEDIA MIND MAP TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH FISIKA SISWA PADA MATERI POKOK BUNYI DI KELAS VIII SMP NEGERI 2 SIDIKALANG T.P 2016/2017
Authors: Sitanggang Nurcahaya , Tarigan Ratelit 
Published: June 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah ada pengaruh kemampuan pemecahan masalah fisika siswa dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran berbasis masalah dengan menggunakan media mind map daripada pembelajaran konvensional pada materi pokok bunyi di kelas VIII. Jenis penelitian ini adalah quasi experimen. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas VIII semester genap. Sampel penelitian ini diambil dua kelas yaitu kelas VIII-1 (sebagai kelas eksperimen) dan kelas VIII-2 (sebagai kelas kontrol) ditentukan dengan teknik cluster random sampling. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan dalam bentuk tes uraian dengan jumlah 10 item yang telah divalidasi sesuai dengan standar soal yang baik. Perolehan data keterampilan siswa selama pembelajaran digunakan lembar observasi dengan 2 orang pengamat. Setelah dilakukan uji hipotesis diperoleh hasil belajar siswa pada kelas eksperimen lebih baik dari kelas kontrol, berarti ada pengaruh yang signifikan. Kata Kunci: model pembelajaran berbasis masalah dan pembelajaran konvensional, kemampuan pemecahan masalah fisika siswa
Tipificação de propriedades leiteiras administradas por jovens agricultores na região do planalto norte catarinense
Authors: Dutra Marlon , Petrentchuk Lauro William , Paes João Paulo Pereira 
Published: June 2019

O desenvolvimento e a aplicação de indicadores de sustentabilidade que auxiliem na tomada de decisões na pecuária leiteira é uma importante demanda atual. No Planalto Norte Catarinense a pecuária leiteira tem crescido por meio do apoio de entidades públicas, privadas e organizações de agricultores. Esse crescimento tem suscitado discussões sobre modelos produtivos locais, especialmente no público jovem, que tem uma maior expectativa de vida produtiva. Esse trabalho tem como objetivo tipificar as unidades produtoras de leite no Planalto Norte Catarinense com base nas características produtivas como ferramenta para explicar a eficiência da atividade. Foram aplicados questionários em julho de 2018 em 26 propriedades rurais onde os jovens são protagonistas. A tipificação das propriedades rurais ocorreu em função de dez variáveis. Os resultados indicam maior influência da geração de renda por área na atividade leiteira em comparação aos custos operacionais. Nesses dois eixos, as propriedades foram divididas em cinco grupos: alta eficiência produtiva; alta produtividade animal; alto custo operacional; baixa eficiência produtiva; intermediário. Os indicadores utilizados se mostraram eficientes para retratar a realidade da atividade leiteira e os resultados sugerem que para maior lucratividade na atividade leiteira, é necessário gerir bem a lotação animal, a produtividade animal e os custos operacionais.
Palavras-chave: Indicadores. Pecuária leiteira. Sustentabilidade. Sucessão rural. Tipificação.
Análise interdisciplinar da questão mineral e suas barragens de rejeito
Authors: Barcelos Tiago Soares , Carvalho Marina De Macedo , Outeiro Gabriel Moraes de , Mota Loyslene De Freitas 
Published: June 2019

O presente trabalho busca ampliar o debate acerca da questão mineral no Brasil, se valendo de uma leitura interdisciplinar sobre o tema. Após os recentes acidentes com barragens em Minas Gerais e Pará, torna-se fonte de reflexão estas estruturas e suas relações com o espaço geográfico e perspectivas temporais. Inicia-se a pesquisa com os normativos jurídicos relativos a segurança destes empreendimentos, analisando criticamente sua estrutura, processo, função e forma. Em seguida, vale-se de pressupostos econômicos, geográficos, ecológicos e físicos, discutindo as falhas do mercado e os problemas relativos ao mainstream econômico que possui uma mania por crescimento (growthmania), desconsiderando os limites planetários. Por fim, retorna-se à questão jurídica, adicionando-se uma análise mais sociológica, valendo-se dos direitos humanos para compreender a forma como as populações são afetadas por estes empreendimentos, em diversas escalas temporais e espaciais.
Palavras-chave: Mineração. Economia Ecológica. Falhas de Mercado. Direitos Humanos.
Geostrophic wind variability in the 50–60°N zone over Europe: the role of mid-troposphere atmospheric circulation macro-forms
Authors: Marosz Michał , Kożuchowski Krzysztof 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Circulation in the mid-troposphere in moderate and high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere can be characterised by the Vangenheim-Girs (VG) circulation macro-forms. The aim of the research was to analyse the VG macro-forms as a factor determining the general characteristics of the atmospheric circulation in mid-troposphere in the Euro-Atlantic region and low-troposphere airflow characteristics in the profile (zonal belt) crossing Central Europe from Ireland to Kazan in Russia (5°30’W–44°00’E). Alongside the VG macro-form calendar, ERA-INTERIM data were used. The utilised meteorological variables comprised 500hPa geopotential height, SLP and air temperature at 995 sigma level. The temporal scope of the research was 35 years (1981–2015) and the resolution was 24h (12.00 UTC). The circulation in the low-troposphere was characterised by the geostrophic wind vector characteristics directly resulting from SLP and air temperature fields. Subsequently, derived indices (e.g. wind direction stability) were used. The presented results indicate that the variability of anemological conditions at SLP in the area of 50–60°N over Europe is in direct connection with the mid-troposphere circulation features. The differences are statistically significant across nearly the entire research area. This includes the reversal of the dominant air flow direction in some areas. The greatest variability in geostrophic wind characteristics due to W, E and C VG macro-forms is revealed in the central and eastern part of the 50–60°N zone – between the southern Baltic Sea and the western border of Russia.
Tors in Central European Mountains – are they indicators of past environments?
Authors: Michniewicz Aleksandra 
Published: June 2019

AbstractTors represent one of the most characteristic landforms in the uplands and mountains of Central Europe, including the Sudetes, Czech-Moravian Highlands, Šumava/Bayerischer Wald, Fichtelgebirge or Harz. These features occur in a range of lithologies, although granites and gneisses are particularly prone to tor formation. Various models of tor formation and development have been presented, and for each model the tors were thought to have evolved under specific environmental conditions. The two most common theories emphasised their progressive emergence from pre-Quaternary weathering mantles in a two-stage scenario, and their development across slopes under periglacial conditions in a one-stage scenario. More recently, tors have been analysed in relation to ice sheet extent, the selectivity of glacial erosion, and the preservation of landforms under ice. In this paper we describe tor distribution across Central Europe along with hypotheses relating to their formation and development, arguing that specific evolutionary histories are not supported by unequivocal evidence and that the scenarios presented were invariably model-driven. Several examples from the Sudetes are presented to demonstrate that tor morphology is strongly controlled by lithology and structure. The juxtaposition of tors of different types is not necessarily evidence that they differ in their mode of origin or age. Pathways of tor remodelling and degradation under subaerial conditions are identified and it is argued that processes of tor formation and development are ongoing. Thus, tors are not reliable indicators of past environments, because they are considerably influenced by both geological factors, such as lithology and structure, and geomorphological factors such as hillslope setting..
Monitoring soil moisture dynamics in multilayered Fluvisols
Authors: Dezső József , Czigány Szabolcs , Nagy Gábor , Pirkhoffer Ervin , Słowik Marcin , Lóczy Dénes 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The identification of drought-sensitive areas (DSAs) in floodplain Fluvisols of high textural pedodiversity is crucial for sustainable land management purposes. During extended drought periods moisture replenishment is only available by capillary rise from the groundwater. However, moisture flux is often hindered by capillary barriers in the interface between layers of contrasting textures. The results of HYDRUS-1D simulations run on multilayered soil profiles were integrated into textural maps to determine the spatial distribution of water dynamics on the floodplain of the Drava River (SW Hungary). Model runs and field data revealed limited moisture replenishment by capillary rise when both contrasting textural interfaces and sandy layers are present in the profile. By implementing these textural and hydraulic relations, a drought vulnerability map (DSA map) of the operational area of the Old Drava Programme (ODP) was developed. According to the spatial distribution of soils of reduced capillary rise, 52% of the ODP area is likely threatened by droughts. Our model results are adaptable for optimisation of land- and water-management practices along the floodplains of low-energy and medium-sized rivers under humid continental and maritime climates.
Anisotropie der gesättigten Wasserleitfähigkeit in Böden der Hauptnaturräume Schleswig-Holsteins (Norddeutschland) unter Acker- und Grünlandnutzung
Authors: Mordhorst Anneka , Fleige Heiner , Zimmermann Iris , Burbaum Bernd , Filipinski Marek , Cordsen Eckhard , Horn Rainer 
Published: June 2019

Zusammenfassung
Gegenwärtig diskutierte Phänomene, wie häufig auftretender Oberflächenabfluss, vermehrte Bodenerosion und verringerte Ertragssicherheit, lassen sich ansatzweise über Bodenstruktureigenschaften und eine daraus hervorgehende, räumlich unterschiedlich gesättigte Wasserleitfähigkeit des Bodens erklären. Hierzu wurden Datensätze aus 766 Profilen unter Acker- und Grünlandnutzung in den vier Hauptnaturräumen Schleswig Holsteins (Östliches Hügelland, Niedere und Hohe Geest sowie Marsch) zur gesättigten Wasserleitfähigkeit (kf) in vertikaler und horizontaler Richtung und damit deren Richtungsabhängigkeit (Anisotropie) bis in eine Tiefe von 60 cm untersucht. Die Ergebnisse zeigen eine verstärkte Anisotropie der kf in horizontaler Richtung an, die jedoch in Abhängigkeit vom geologischen Ausgangsgestein, Bodentyp und Tongehalt sowie von der Landnutzung variiert. Unter Ackernutzung weisen die Unterböden aller Hauptnaturräume im Mittel eine horizontale Anisotropie auf, die unterhalb der Pflugsohle (≤ 40 cm Tiefe) am stärksten ausgeprägt ist und auf Plattenstrukturbildungen als Folge der Bodenbewirtschaftung hindeuten. Unter Grünlandnutzung zeigen besonders die Oberböden eine horizontale Anisotropie, wobei diese in den beiden Geestregionen mit einem hohen Anteil an Viehwirtschaft auch im Unterboden sehr ausgeprägt ist. Anisotropieeffekte, insbesondere im Unterboden unter Ackernutzung, deuten sich auch bodentypspezifisch für Kolluvisole, Pseudogley-Parabraunerden und Pseudogleye an. Deren hohe Empfindlichkeit gegenüber anthropogenen Strukturänderungen (Plattenbildung) spiegelt sich im zeitlichen Verlauf der horizontalen kf wider, die über die letzten 30 Jahre im Östlichen Hügelland signifikant zugenommen hat.
A Study on Various Techniques Involved in Gender Prediction System: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Maken Payal , Gupta Abhishek , Gupta Manoj Kumar 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Predicting gender on the foundation of handwriting investigation is a very invoking research area. Handwriting analysis also has numerous applications. It is useful for forensic experts to investigate classes of writers. This prediction is executed fundamentally by two steps: feature extraction and classification. As a whole, prediction solely depends upon the feature extraction. Distinct and most varied features make the classification accurate. This paper describes the problem comprehensively along with its foundation. It presents a survey of the available methods to solve the discussed problem. A comparative analysis of the discussed methods of feature extraction and classification along with the available databases is also presented in this paper.
Optimisation of System Dynamics Models Using a Real-Coded Genetic Algorithm with Fuzzy Control
Authors: Beklaryan Gayane L. , Akopov Andranik S. , Khachatryan Nerses K. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This paper presents a new real-coded genetic algorithm with Fuzzy control for the Real-Coded Genetic Algorithm (F-RCGA) aggregated with System Dynamics models (SD-models). The main feature of the genetic algorithm presented herein is the application of fuzzy control to its parameters, such as the probability of a mutation, type of crossover operator, size of the parent population, etc. The control rules for the Real-Coded Genetic Algorithm (RCGA) were suggested based on the estimation of the values of the performance metrics, such as rate of convergence, processing time and remoteness from a potential extremum. Results of optimisation experiments demonstrate the greater time-efficiency of F-RCGA in comparison with other RCGAs, as well as the Monte-Carlo method. F-RCGA was validated by using well-known test instances and applied for the optimisation of characteristics of some system dynamics models.
Prospects for Protecting Business Microdata when Releasing Population Totals via a Remote Server
Authors: Chipperfield James , Newman John , Thompson Gwenda , Ma Yue , Lin Yan-Xia 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Many statistical agencies face the challenge of maintaining the confidentiality of respondents while providing as much analytical value as possible from their data. Datasets relating to businesses present particular difficulties because they are likely to contain information about large enterprises that dominate industries and may be more easily identified. Agencies therefore tend to take a cautious approach to releasing business data (e.g., trusted access, remote access and synthetic data). The Australian Bureau of Statistics has developed a remote server, called TableBuilder, which has the capability to allow users to specify and request tables created from business microdata. The tables are confidentialised automatically by perturbing cell values, and the results are returned quickly to the users. The perturbation method is designed to protect against attacks, which are attempts to undo the confidentialisation, such as the well-known differencing attack. This paper considers the risk and utility trade-off when releasing three Australian Bureau of Statistics business collections via its TableBuilder product.
Enhancing Survey Quality: Continuous Data Processing Systems
Authors: Dinkelmann Karl , Granda Peter , Shove Michael 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Producers of large government-sponsored surveys regularly use Computer-Assisted Interviewing (CAI) software to design data collection instruments, monitor fieldwork operations, and evaluate data quality. When used in conjunction with responsive survey designs, last-minute modifications to problems in the field are quickly addressed. Complementing this strategy, but little discussed, is the need to implement similar changes in the post data collection stage of the survey data life cycle. We describe a continuous data processing system where completed interviews are carefully examined as soon as they are collected; editing, recode, and imputation programs are applied using CAI tools; and the results are reviewed to correct problematic cases. The goal: provide higher quality data and shorten the time between the conclusion of data collection and the appearance of public use data files.
Palaeofacies and biomarker characteristics of Paleogene to Neogene rocks in the Makassar Straits, Indonesia
Authors: Sutadiwiria Yarra , Hamdani Ahmad Helman , Sendjaja Yoga Andriana , Haryanto Iyan , Siahaan Yeftamikha , Siahaan Mordekhai 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Borehole K-1 is an exploratory well that was drilled in the North Makassar Basin (West Sulawesi) in 2011. Gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass chromatography (GC-MS) analyses have been conducted on extracts from well cuttings from the Paleogene to Neogene interval in order to investigate the characteristics of biomarkers present. Although the well was drilled with oil-based mud and gas chromatographic analysis reveals that the alkane fractions are heavily contaminated, detailed investigation of biomarkers in these rock extracts and comparison with biomarkers in the oil-based mud has revealed that, while there are hopane and sterane biomarkers in the mud, there are also a discrete set of biomarkers that are indigenous to the rocks. These include oleanane, bicadinanes, taraxastane and other higher-plant-derived triterpanes. The presence of these compounds in environments that range from bathyal to marginal marine and even to lacustrine, shows the extent of reworking of terrestrial material into aquatic settings in this region during the Paleogene and Neogene and provides further evidence of a predominance of terrestrial material, even in deep-marine settings, with little ‘in-situ’ material noted. These findings have important implications for the use of biomarkers as indicators of palaeoenvironment in both source rocks and oils.
Have the Czech SAO’s Audits Carried out in the Area of the State Budget Revenues Resulted in a Higher Number of Legislative Changes when Compared to the Audits in the Domain of the State Property Management ?
Authors: Buček Jan 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to compare the results of 4 selected audit areas of the SAO, namely audits carried out in the domain of the state budget revenues, state property, state-owned enterprises and state funds. The hypothesis is that the findings of audits on the revenue side of the state budget have resulted in the largest number of legislative changes within the period under review. As part of the assessment of the development of the impact of the SAO activity measured by the number of government-imposed corrective measures, it was also found that the benefits of audit findings have increased and their usability has risen noticeably since 2005. By analysing the selected audit areas, the first established hypothesis was confirmed when it was found that the largest number of legislative changes was made in the area of the state budget revenues. In this domain, areas of system failures and implementations of the imposed recommendations were analysed additionally, with the aim to uncover the most problematic areas and to assess the overall implementation of the imposed recommendations. The hypothesis in this respect was that the recommended remedies were mostly met. Within the area of the state budget revenues, based on the publicly available information and the auditees’ opinions it was found out that most of the recommendations were met. The second hypothesis was met, as well. The presented paper analyses both the government’s resolutions, audit findings and conclusions, annual reports, EU reports, and selected views of the auditees. Within the audit areas, the number of submitted criminal notifications and notifications to the tax authority is also quantified. The usefulness of the results is based on the fact that the audits in the assessed areas were focused on the audit of legality with elements of the performance audit, though the best results in the domain of legality were brought by audits in the area of the state budget revenues. In this domain, it is therefore appropriate to focus more on the audit issues related to legality, as evidenced by the number of corrective measures in which the government has imposed a legislated solution to the given issue. Conversely, for audits of state assets (the remaining three groups), it would make more sense to strengthen the focus of these audits on the performance-related risks (the so-called 3E).
An Empirically-Aligned Concept of Trust in Government
Authors: Tomankova Ivana 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Because of its capacity to facilitate consensus, trust in government is vital to the functioning of democracies. And yet those interested in the concept continue to struggle with the sheer number and ambiguity of available definitions. This paper confronts theoretical notions of trust with available empirical evidence, and ultimately defines “trust in government” as the willingness to bear the immediate or expected material and ideological costs that arise from compliance with government action. This definition is useful because it keeps up with recent empirical findings, involves a particular channel of effect, and distinguishes trust in government from the positive perceptions and attitudes which are commonly confused with trust.
Bismuth-based nanoparticles as radiosensitizer in low and high dose rate brachytherapy
Authors: Rajaee Azimeh , Wang Shi , Zhao Lingyun 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Background: Recently bismuth-based nanoparticles have attracted increasing attention as a dose amplification agent in radiation therapy due to high atomic number, high photoelectric absorption, low cost, and low toxicity.
Objectives: This study aims to calculate physical aspects of dose enhancement of bismuth-based nanoparticles in the presence of brachytherapy source by Monte Carlo simulation and an analytical method for low mono-energy. Materials and methods: After simulation and validation brachytherapy sources (Iodine-125 and Ytterbium-169) by Monte Carlo code, bismuth-based nanoparticles (bismuth, bismuth oxide, bismuth sulfide, and bismuth ferrite) were modeled in the sizes of 50 nm and 100 nm for two concentrations of 10 and 20 mg/ml. Dose enhancement factors for the bismuth-based nanoparticles were measured at both brachytherapy sources. Furthermore, the dose amplification was calculated with an analytic method at 30 keV mono-energy.
Results: Dose enhancement factor was greatest with pure bismuth nanoparticles, followed by bismuth oxide, bismuth sulfide and bismuth ferrite for both radiation source and simulation methods. The dose amplification for the bismuth-based nanoparticles increased with increasing size and concentration of nanoparticles.
Conclusion: The physical aspect dose enhancement of the nanoparticles was shown by Monte Carlo and analytic method. The results have proved bismuth-based nanoparticles deserve further study as a radiosensitizer.