bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrical Submsersible Pump Powered Injection ESPPI Systems Enable the Development of West of the Nile Egypt Assets
Authors: Munoz Miguel , Aboutaleb Mohamed , Dwiggins Jeff 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Qarun Petroleum Company (QPC), a joint venture between the Egyptian General Petroleum Corporation (EGPC) and Apache Egypt, operates over 350 ESP wells in brownfields across the Egyptian Western Desert. QPC's oil production is heavily dependent on the performance of waterfloods and artificial lift systems. In recent years, QPC entered a development campaign in the West of Nile (WON) region, an area located west of the Nile River approximately 159 kilometers from Cairo. The fertile land has ready access to irrigation and therefore long been developed as an agricultural area, surrounded by densely populated villages. Land access is restricted and operations must be conducted to ensure minimal impact to the environment. Oilfield development in WON is challenging and required alternative solutions to conventional waterflood operations. QPC engineers turned to ESP Powered Injection (ESPPI) systems as an alternative to traditional waterflooding and re-engineered the technology to overcome the operational, economic, and environmental challenges.
ESP Powered Injection (ESPPI) systems utilize conventional ESPs in combination with a bypass system (Y-tool) and an injection string to provide water production and injection support from a single wellbore to one or more wells in the same injection pattern. The system eliminates the need for surface pumping, water separation, storage, and flow lines. QPC has successfully installed and presently operates nine (9) ESPPI systems in the environmentally sensitive WON region of Egypt.
This paper aims to detail the specifications and functionality of ESPPI systems, main challenges and benefits derived from closed monitored installations and operational surveillance, and the economic advantage of its application for QPC.
Alternative ESP Deployment in an Offshore Oilfield Angola, West Africa
Authors: Vierkandt Steven , Olabinjo Lanre , Malone David , English Jack 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Chevron began development of an offshore oilfield in Angola, West Africa, in 1997 using ESP's as the preferred artificial lift method due to favorable reservoir and fluid characteristics, and limited capacity of the available gas lift injection infrastructure. The initial ESP's were deployed on coil tubing (CT) to reduce initial costs, future ESP replacement downtime and the dependence on the availability of a jack-up rig. Due to difficulties experienced in supporting the CT operations in the remote area, subsequent new completions and ESP replacements have been carried out utilizing standard threaded tubing. To date, there are 28 wells producing with ESP's from 3 platforms.
ESP run life has been excellent over the life of the field with 5-year MTF, and some ESP's surviving longer than 10 years. However, when an ESP fails it must compete with other economic opportunities within the +600 well portfolio for rig time to replace the failed equipment and return to production. Over time increasing rig day rates and declining oil production rates have created challenging economics. Typically, more than one ESP failure on a platform is required to provide competitive project economics to justify mobilizing a rig, resulting in well downtime increasing to an average of over 12 months.
This paper describes the process undertaken to evaluate and select an alternative deployed ESP system to significantly reduce workover costs and time-waiting-on-replacement, improve economics and ensure continued field development. This was a collaborative effort of more than a dozen partners, service companies and contractors across 3 continents. It includes detailed evaluation of the existing well bores and requirements for the new ESP's. Requirements comprised a new wellhead design, larger tubing (resulting in tighter tolerances), a new cable clamp design, VFD controller certification, confirming pumps could be replaced on tractor due to high well deviation, etc. One example was the decision to perform the ESP connector head, motor lead cable and ESP cable splices in a US factory to improve reliability and reduce time over rig floor connections. Multiple FIT tests were performed and evaluated to ensure project success.
The first two new alternatively deployed ESP's were successfully installed and placed on production in June 2017. A surface electrical failure in a VFD in early 2018 resulted in a damaged downhole ESP motor in one well. The motor was successfully retrieved and replaced via wireline tractor, at a hole angle of 88°, under pressure, without killing the well. The well was successfully returned to production in August 2018.
Improving Gas Separation in ESP for Unconventional Wells in 5-1/2" Casing. Case Studies in the Permian Basin
Authors: Gonzalez Gustavo , Loaiza Carlos 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
New unconventional wells have been a huge challenge for ESPs in the Permian Basin due to horizontal wells with high-formation GORs or GLRs. The pumped fluid can cause issues such as gas interference, gas locking, short run life, low production, poor energy efficiency, increased failure rates, shutdowns, so forth. A major problem is gas presence around the ESPs, because it causes the motor to rapidly overheat since the gas is incapable of adequately cooling.
In short term, the presence of gas in the flow reduces the pump efficiency and in severe conditions leads to gas lock in the impeller which could damage the equipment. In the long term, the motor life is shortened as a function of the temperature increase. In general, for every 18F of operating temperature increase, the life of the insulation material is reduced by 50% and leading the motor material to be severely affected. The gas handling capacity of standard ESPs is very low, and the efficiency of the traditional rotary gas separator might not be as expected that is why a new and innovative downhole gas separator has been introduced in recent applications to combat the gas slug's problems.
The new gas mitigation technology consists of a shrouded ESP with a double stage of gas separation connected at the bottom of the shroud that act as intake and was designed to break the gas slugs and avoid gas entrance into ESPs by forcing free gas to go around the shroud and produce through the casing. The fluid is now forced to pass through an additional gas separator (New Gas Mitigation Technology), which helps on gas mitigation as well as lower motor temperature
This paper summarizes different case studies in wells located in the Permian Basin that had reported frequent shutdowns due to gas lock and high motor temperature. All the pump parameters are analyzed before and after the installation to conclude on optimization; in these wells, an increase on production was observed, and better performance of the pump. Other results observed were the reduction of the shutdowns and no gas mode with stable condition along with significantly breaking the drawdown barrier of the 700 psi (ESP PIP). This success was noted on most of our wells where the lowest of them operated at 290 psi (ESP PIP). Additionally, some operational and analytics guides are provided to understand how to identify and control the gas problem in ESPs.
The genome of horseshoe crab Tachypleus tridentatus reveals its evolutionary scenario and well-developed innate immunity
Authors: Zhou Yan , Liang Yuan , Yan Qing , Zhang Liang , Chen Dianbao , Ruan Lingwei , Kong Yuan , Shi Hong , Chen Mingliang , Chen Jianming 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Background

Horseshoe crabs are ancient marine arthropods with a long evolutionary history.

Results

Here, we describe the 2.06 Gbp genome assembly of Tachypleus tridentatus with predicted 24,222 protein-coding genes. Comparative genomics show that T. tridentatus and the Atlantic horseshoe crab Limulus polyphemus had the most orthologs shared in only these two species, including genes involved in immune related Jak/STAT signaling pathway. Divergence time dating results show that the last common ancestor of Asian horseshoe crabs (including T. tridentatus) and L. polyphemus appeared at about 130 Mya (121-141) and the split of two Asian horseshoe crabs was dated to about 63 Mya (57-69). Hox gene analysis suggests two clusters in both horseshoe crab assemblies. Surprisingly, selective analysis of immune related gene families revealed high expansion of conservatively presented pattern recognition receptors. Genes involved in IMD and Jak/STAT signaling transduction pathways also exhibited a certain degree of expansion in both genomes. Intact coagulation cascade related genes were presented in T. tridentatus genome with a higher number of coagulation factor genes. Moreover, most antibacterial peptides reported have been identified in T. tridentatus with their potentially effective antimicrobial sites.

Conclusions

The well-developed innate immunity of T.tridentatus may affect the quality of the adaptive properties with regard to complicated marine environments.
Near end-member shenzhuangite, NiFeS2, found in Muong Nong-type tektites from Laos
Authors: Křížová Šárka , Skála Roman , Halodová Patricie , Žák Karel , Ackerman Lukáš 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Australasian Muong Nong-type tektites from the locality centered at 16.46150° N, 106.48917° E in Laos contain sporadic spherical heterogeneous sulfide inclusions less than 10 μm in diameter, which have been identified by electron probe microanalyzer and electron backscatter diffraction to represent a mixture of rare mineral shenzhuangite with a pyrrhotite polytype (possibly troilite). Contrary to type shenzhuangite found in the shocked L6 chondrite Suizhou, the mineral embedded in the tektite glass is nearly free of copper, making the composition close to its expected end-member that has not yet been found in nature; the empirical formula closest to ideal end-member composition based on four atoms per formula unit is Ni1.007Fe0.998Cu0.016Co0.058S1.922. The described occurrence also represents the first find of shenzhuangite in terrestrial material. Presented is the Raman spectrum for shenzhuangite with the tentative assignment of spectral bands based on the analogy with synthetic chalcopyrite-structured phases. The chemical composition of shenzhuangite close to NiFeS2 is not consistent with any stable phase in the Fe–Ni–S system up to melting temperature. Available data so far on phase relations in this system do not allow unambiguous interpretation of conditions under which the sulfide association within inclusions had formed.
Monazite and xenotime solubility in hydrous, boron-bearing rhyolitic melt
Authors: Rusiecka Monika K. , Baker Don R. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
We conducted a series of monazite and xenotime dissolution experiments in a boron-bearing silicic melt at 1000–1400 °C and 800 MPa in a piston-cylinder apparatus. We present new measurements of monazite and xenotime solubility in hydrous (~3 wt% water), boron-bearing rhyolitic melts, as well as the diffusivities of the essential structural constituents of those minerals (LREE, P, and Y). We compare our results to the previous studies and discuss the implications of this study on the understanding of natural, silicic (granitic/rhyolitic) systems.
We propose one equation describing the relationship between the solubility of xenotime and temperature in hydrous rhyolitic melts:
ln ⁡ Y = 18.3 ± 0.3 − 125499 ± 3356 R T
and another for monazite:
ln ⁡ Σ LREE = 18.6 ± 1.5 − 129307 ± 18163 R T .
In the presence of sufficient phosphorous, the concentration of LREE needed for monazite saturation is within the uncertainty of the Y concentration needed from xenotime saturation and indicates that in the case of equilibrium crystallization the mineral that forms will only depend on the availability of LREE and Y and HREE. Given the similarity of the solubility of xenotime to that of monazite, we propose that previously published models of monazite solubility in silicic melts can potentially be applied to xenotime, and could, like monazite, serve as a geothermometer.
In the case of disequilibrium crystallization in front of rapidly growing crystals, Y will diffuse faster than LREE and xenotime will only crystallize when LREE are depleted. We also found that the diffusion of Y is greater than the diffusion of P from dissolving xenotime, unlike the similar diffusivities of LREE and P during monazite dissolution. The significant difference between Y and P diffusivities suggests that the components forming xenotime diffuse as separate entities rather than molecular complexes.
The dissolution of phosphates (monazite, xenotime, apatite) in hydrous, silicic melts with the addition of boron leads to liquid-liquid immiscibility at high temperatures where the saturation values of P and either light rare earth elements or Y are in the weight percent range. Immiscibility is not observable at low, magmatic temperatures, most probably due to the lower concentrations of P2O5 necessary for phosphate saturation at these conditions; however addition of other components, notably F, may result in liquid-liquid immiscibility at magmatic temperatures.
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF STABILITY INDICATING HPTLC METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF APIXABAN AS BULK DRUG
Authors: Damle Mrinalini C. , Waghmare Swapnil S , SINHA PURUSHOTAM 
Published: May 2019

Objective: To develop and validate simple, sensitive stability indicating HPTLC (High performance thin layer chromatography) method for apixaban.
Methods: The chromatographic separation was performed on aluminium plates precoated with silica gel 60 F254 using toluene: ethyl acetate: methanol (3:6:1 v/v/v) as mobile phase followed by densitometric scanning at 279 nm.
Results: The chromatographic condition shows sharp peak of apixaban at Rf value of 0.38±0.03. Stress testing was carried out according to international conference on harmonization (ICH)Q1A (R2) guidelines and the method was validated as per ICH Q2(R1) guidelines. The calibration curve was found to be linear in the concentration range of 100-500 ng/band for apixaban. The limit of detection and quantification was found to be 11.66ng/bandand35.33ng/band, respectively.
Conclusion: A new simple, sensitive, stability indicating high performance thin layer chromatographic (HPTLC) method has been developed and validated for the determination of apixaban.
Secure Data for the Future: A Risk Assessment
Authors: Bryde Bendik , Gonzalez Roberto 
Published: May 2019

The guarantee of secure and authentic future access to any digital data is a big worry to those who work with data now and those who are responsible to keep it accessible for the future. There are a wide range of threats to digital data that these people should need to take into consideration. The project PreservIA had the goal to assess the risks of using analogue 35mm film to store and preserve digital information and define its strengths and weaknesses for long-term secure preservation of all kinds of digital data.
The research project was examining the application of the Piql technology to ensure the security, integrity and authenticity of the information stored on a unique storage medium. PiqlFilm has been designed for a life span of 500 years or more and the research tries to assess how well this solution could maintain the authenticity and availability of the information, independently of internal and external changes in the surrounding environment over time.
The research project has been designed using a scenario-based approach and the morphological method of scenario development is used to define a set of scenarios covering the risks to the service.
The scenario classes used were accident, technical error, natural disaster, crime, sabotage, espionage, terrorism, armed conflict and nuclear war. A scenario template has been included for the purpose of describing current and future scenarios. The final scenario analysis identified potential vulnerabilities.
The paper shows briefly how Piql Preservation Services holistic preservation approach perform the work, defines a methodology to select the scenarios for the assessment and then studies the vulnerabilities and security challenges of the solution on those scenarios. The project also includes a comparison of other existing storage media to evaluate their robustness to the addressed scenarios in relation to Piql technology.
Implementasi Version Control System untuk meningkatkan kwalitas Manajemen Proyek Sistem Informasi
Authors: Isnardi Is 
Published: May 2019

Skill dan Team Work sangat dibutuhkan demi kelancaran pekerjaan dan harmonisasi dalam menyelesaikan sebuah proyek Sistem Informasi, memperoleh keduanya dari tamatan perguran tinggi Sistem Informasi dan Manajemen Informatika hari ini sangatlah sulit, banyak perusahaan kesulitan mendapatkan tenaga yang memenuhi kriteria keduanya dari alumni Perguruan Tinggi, hal itu disebabkan oleh tidak di persiapkan dari Perguruan Tinggi sewaktu di bangku kuliah, maka untuk mengatasi hal itu perlu di terapakan system yang bisa menggabungkan keduanya terutama pada mahasiswa jurusan informatika, pada penelitian ini penulis menerapkan <em>Version Control System </em>(VCS)<em>, </em>dari penelitian ini mahasiswa akan terbiasa bekerja secara kalaborasi, saling memberi masukan, bekerja sesuai dengan job masing-masing, hasil kerja bisa di gabungkan, sehingga mempercepat proses penyelesaian sebuah proyek sistem informasi. Disamping itu di perlukan juga harmonisasi sebuah tim yang akan menambah semangat dan inovasi kerja, Sehingga dapat di simpulkan bahwasanya penggunaan VCS sangat membantu dalam manajemen proyek sistem informasi.
MODIFIKASI KONSEP PARTICIPATORY RURAL APRAISAL UNTUK PEMBEKALAN KULIAH KERJA NYATA MAHASISWA DI JAWA BARAT, INDONESIA
Authors: Zakaria Zufialdi 
Published: May 2019

Modifikasi konsep PRA (Participatory Rural Appraisal) diperlukan bagi mahasiswa pada kegiatan KKN di provinsi Jawa Barat, Indonesia. Konsep modifikasi PRA dapat digunakan sebagai alat komunikasi mahasiswa dengan penduduk desa lokal. Berbagai jenis gerakan tanah (longsor) terjadi di wilayah Jawa Barat. Jawa Barat menjadi wilayah yang paling rawan di dunia. Mahasiswa peserta KKN perlu dilengkapi dengan pengetahuan tentang kondisi wilayah Jawa Barat berdasarkan aspek geologi umum, juga mengenali informasi risiko dan bencana gerakan tanah, memahami penggunaan aplikasi Android yang berkaitan dengan bencana geologi, mahir menggunakan smartphone, mengetahui. beberapa metode penyampaian informasi dengan mudah dan komunikatif. Komunikasi yang baik dengan masyarakat lokal merupakan bagian dari tugas siswa sebagai salah satu agen pentahelix dalam Model Starlet (Stabilisasi dan Rancangbangun Lereng Terpadu). Hasil Pre-Test 58 mahasiswa menunjukkan bahwa 98% belum mengetahui konsep PRA, 91% belum mengetahui konsep pentaheliks dalam model Starlet, 82% tidak mengetahui bahwa Jawa Barat sangat rawan gerakan tanah, 88% belum mengenal konsep Sistem Informasi Geografis Aplikasi Penanganan Bencana Gerakan Tanah (SIGAP Bencana Gerakan Tanah), 83% belum mengenal model Starlet (Stabilisasi dan Rancangbangun Lereng Terpadu). Sebanyak 98% mahasiswa dapat membedakan resiko dan bencana, 72% dapat membedakan kerentanan dan bahaya, dan 100% mereka memerlukan suatu metode penyuluhan agar masyarakat pedesaan mudah menerima informasi dan mengetahui penanganannya.
UPAYA PENINGKATAN NILAI TAMBAH PRODUK SAYURAN ORGANIK DI DESA CIBODAS KECAMATAN LEMBANG KABUPATEN BANDUNG BARAT
Authors: Budi Kusumo Rani Andriani 
Published: May 2019

Pemerintah Kabupaten Bandung Barat menetapkan Desa Cibodas sebagai salah satu Desa Organik. Program Desa Organik saat ini lebih difokuskan pada kegiatan mendorong praktek pertanian yang ramah lingkungan. Kelompok PKK Desa Cibodas Kecamatan Lembang berupaya untuk mendukung gerakan Desa Organik dengan menciptakan nilai tambah dari produk sayuran organic yang merupakan salah satu komoditas unggulan di Desa Cibodas. Kegiatan pengolahan mie sayuran organic diharapkan dapat meningkatkan nilai tambah produk sayuran organic yang selaras dengan gerakan Desa Organik dan juga berpotensi meningkatkan pendapatan keluarga petani. Kegiatan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk : 1) Meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat, khususnya mitra PKM mengenai peluang usaha pengolahan sayuran organik menjadi produk mie organik; 2) Berkembangnya gerakan Desa Organik di Desa Cibodas, dengan diversifikasi usaha produk sayuran organik. Metode pelaksanaan dari kegiatan ini adalah : 1) Pelatihan pembuatan mie berbahan baku sayuran organic; 2) Penyuluhan peluang usaha produk olahan sayuran organik; 3) Pendampingan pada mitra. Kegiatan PKM ini telah memberikan perubahan pada aspek pengetahuan dan keterampilan peserta dalam meningkatkan nilai tambah produk sayuran organic melalui kegiatan pengolahan mie organic. Melalui kegiatan PKM diperoleh inisiasi dari pihak Desa Cibodas untuk mengembangkan beragam produk olahan dari sayur organic sebagai produk unggulan Desa Cibodas.
PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT DESA CISEWU BERBASIS POTENSI LOKAL DALAM MEWUJUDKAN MASYARAKAT TANGGAP BENCANA
Authors: Sukiyah Emi , Aton Patonah , Zufialdi Zakaria , Devnita Rina , Sudradjat Adjat , Haryanto Edi Tri , Purnomo Dwi 
Published: May 2019

Desa Cisewu berada di Kabupaten Garut bagian selatan. Wilayah ini merupakan bentangalam perbukitan yang tersusun oleh material vulkanik berumur Kuarter. Struktur geologi berupa kekar dan sesar di kawasan tersebut menambah risiko lahan bersifat labil. Oleh karena itu wajar jika kawasan tersebut rawan gerakan tanah. Populasi penduduk berkembang pesat mengingat wilayah ini strategis. Apalagi wilayah Cisewu merupakan penghubung, antara Jawa Barat bagian tengah dan selatan. Sebagian masyarakat Desa Cisewu telah berulang kali mengalami kerugian akibat bencana longsor. Relokasi warga hampir sulit dilakukan, mengingat budaya masyarakat setempat yang sulit meninggalkan tanah leluhur. Masyarakat Desa Cisewu perlu diberdayakan agar mampu berdikari serta tanggap terhadap darurat bencana gerakan tanah. Pemberdayaan masyarakat dapat dilakukan dengan cara memberikan berbagai pelatihan dan pendampingan dengan metode yang mudah dipahami. Pemahaman wilayah yang labil bisa disisipkan pada berbagai kegiatan dalam rangka pemberdayaan masyarakat. Sosialisasi beragam fenomena alam terkait kebencanaan perlu dilakukan dengan bahasa yang sederhana dan sesuai dengan tingkat pendidikan masyarakat setempat. Di sisi lain, masalah konservasi kawasan rawan bahaya alam juga perlu disosialisasikan. Target masyarakat dapat dikelompokkan berdasarkan usia dan latar belakang pendidikan. Pengembangan usaha berbasis potensi lokal perlu mendapat perhatian khusus. Potensi lokal ini perlu mendapat pendampingan untuk dapat bersaing dengan produk unggulan di daerah lainnya.