bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chromosomal‐Level Genome Suggests Adaptive Constraints Leading to the Historical Population Decline in an Extremely Endangered Plant
Authors: Shao Shao , Li Yulong , Feng Xiao , Jin Chuanfeng , Liu Min , Zhu Ranran , Tracy Miles E. , Guo Zixiao , He Ziwen , Shi Suhua , Xu Shaohua 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIncreased human activity and climate change have significantly impacted wild habitats and increased the number of endangered species. Exploring evolutionary history and predicting adaptive potential using genomic data will facilitate species conservation and biodiversity recovery. Here, we examined the genome evolution of a critically endangered tree Pellacalyx yunnanensis, a plant species with extremely small populations (PSESP) that is narrowly distributed in Xishuangbanna, China. The species has neared extinction due to economic exploitation in recent decades. We assembled a chromosome‐level genome of 334 Mb, with the N50 length of 20.5 Mb. Using the genome, we discovered that P. yunnanensis has undergone several population size reductions, leading to excess deleterious mutations. The species may possess low adaptive potential due to reduced genetic diversity and the loss of stress‐responsive genes. We estimate that P. yunnanensis is the basal species of its genus and diverged from its relatives during global cooling, suggesting it was stranded in unsuitable environments during periods of dramatic climate change. In particular, the loss of seed dormancy leads to germination under unfavourable conditions and reproduction challenges. This dormancy loss may have occurred through genetic changes that suppress ABA signalling and the loss of genes involved in seed maturation. The high‐quality genome has also enabled us to reveal phenotypic trait evolution in Rhizophoraceae and identify divergent adaptation to intertidal and inland habitats. In summary, our study elucidates mechanisms underlying the decline and evaluates the adaptive potential of P. yunnanensis to future climate change, informing future conservation efforts.
Safety and efficacy of remimazolam tosilate for general anaesthesia in paediatric patients undergoing elective surgery: a multicentre, randomised, single‐blind, controlled trial
Authors: Fang Yu‐Bo , Zhong John Wei , Szmuk Peter , Lyu Yun‐Long , Xu Ying , Qu Shuangquan , Du Zhen , Shangguan Wangning , Liu Hua‐Cheng 
Published: November 2024

SummaryIntroductionRemimazolam is an ultra‐short‐acting benzodiazepine sedative drug. This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of remimazolam with propofol for induction and maintenance of general anaesthesia in children undergoing elective surgery.MethodsChildren (aged 3–6 y, ASA physical status 1 or 2, BMI 14–25 kg.m‐2) undergoing elective surgery under general anaesthesia with tracheal intubation were eligible for inclusion. Children were allocated randomly using a web‐based system to receive either remimazolam or propofol in a 3:1 ratio. After receiving fentanyl 3 μg.kg‐1, children received their allocated drug for both induction and maintenance of general anaesthesia. Induction doses were remimazolam 0.3 mg.kg‐1 or propofol 2.5 mg.kg‐1, with a second dose given should they not achieve loss of consciousness. After neuromuscular blockade and tracheal intubation, maintenance anaesthesia was achieved with an infusion either remimazolam 1–3 mg.kg‐1.h‐1 or propofol 4–12 mg.kg‐1.h‐1, alongside a remifentanil infusion (0.1–0.5 μg.kg‐1.min‐1) titrated to surgical stimulus and haemodynamic parameters. Primary outcomes were the incidence of successful induction and maintenance of anaesthesia. Secondary outcomes included: time to loss of consciousness, awakening and tracheal extubation; incidence of emergence delirium and moderate or severe pain in post‐anaesthesia care unit; incidence of negative behaviour change after surgery at postoperative day 3; and incidence of adverse events.ResultsA total of 187 children were analysed (140 allocated to remimazolam and 47 to propofol). All children achieved successful induction of anaesthesia. Successful maintenance of anaesthesia was achieved in 139 (99%) children who received remimazolam compared with 46 (98%) who received propofol (rate difference 1.4%, 95%CI ‐2.9–5.8%, p = 0.441). Adverse events occurred in 27 (19%) children who received remimazolam and 23 (49%) who received propofol.DiscussionRemimazolam was well tolerated for the induction and maintenance of general anaesthesia in pre‐school‐age children and was non‐inferior to propofol.
Testicular histopathology and its association with germ cell numbers, serum concentrations of reproductive hormones, and semen quality
Authors: Saritas Gülizar , Mørup Nina , Johannsen Trine H. , Juul Anders , Aksglaede Lise , Winge Sofia B. , Almstrup Kristian 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundIt is well‐established that spermatogenesis, semen quality, and reproductive hormones are interlinked. It is, however, less well‐described how various specific testicular histopathologies are linked to reproductive hormones and semen quality.ObjectivesTo describe the detailed relationship between specific testicular histopathologies and the serum concentrations of reproductive hormones and semen quality.Materials and methodsDescriptive histological patterns on testicular biopsies from 4245 patients referred for andrological workup in our clinic between 1990 and 2022 were grouped according to a published histological coding system: (1) complete spermatogenesis (completeSPG, n = 3171), (2) reduced spermatogenesis (reducedSPG, n = 657), (3) heterogeneous (hetArrest, n = 226), and (4) homogeneous (homArrest, n = 191) spermatogenic arrest at the spermatocyte or spermatid stage. As a proxy for the number of spermatogonia, spermatocytes, and spermatids, immunohistochemical staining for MAGE‐A4, PIWIL1, and TNP1 were quantified on a representative set of biopsies (n = 100). Serum concentrations of FSH, LH, T, SHBG, and inhibin B (n = 1813) and semen parameters (n = 833) were available.ResultsCompared with the completeSPG group, the number of spermatogonia was only reduced in the hetArrest group, while the number of spermatocytes and spermatids were lower in all groups. All groups had significantly higher FSH and LH and lower T, free T, and inhibin B concentrations when compared with the completeSPG group, except for the homArrest group, where inhibin B was unaffected. The hetArrest group had the lowest number of germ cells, the most pronounced change in reproductive hormones, and the lowest sperm counts. We found a strong correlation between the number of germ cells present and the corresponding serum concentrations of FSH, LH, T, and inhibin B.Discussion and ConclusionsA histopathological pattern of heterogeneous spermatogenic arrest is associated with a more severe phenotype than a pattern of homogeneous arrest, and the group with reduced spermatogenesis showed the mildest phenotype.
Lung function outcomes in adults born extremely preterm across three decades of advancing perinatal medicine
Authors: Bårdsen Tonje , Satrell Emma , Drange Røksund Ola , Røineland Benestad Merete , Hufthammer Karl Ove , Clemm Hege , Bruun Mikalsen Ingvild , Øymar Knut , Halvorsen Thomas , Vollsæter Maria 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAimAdvances in perinatal medicine from 1980 to 2000 improved survival in extremely preterm (EP) neonates. Long‐term effects of these developments remain unclear, and we aimed to investigate potential cohort effects on adult lung function.MethodsThree 18‐year‐old population‐based cohorts born at ≤28 weeks gestation or with birthweight ≤1000 g during 1982–85, 1991–92 and 1999–2000 and term‐controls underwent spirometry, body plethysmography, and tests of lung diffusing capacity, bronchodilator reversibility, and airway hyperresponsiveness. We used Welch's t‐tests to compare term‐ with EP‐born as a group and split by bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), and regression models to test group/cohort interactions.ResultsIn all EP‐born cohorts, z‐scores for FEV1, FEV1/FVC, FEF25%–75%, DLCO and KCO were reduced compared with term‐born. For the 82–85, 91–92 and 99–00 cohorts, deficits for z‐FEV1 and z‐DLCO were 1.23 and 0.53; 0.68 and 0.92; and 0.51 and 0.57, respectively (p ≤0.01 for all). Cohort analyses showed stable lung function across the three cohorts overall, but improvements across cohorts for the BPD subgroups in z‐FEV1, z‐FEV1/FVC, and z‐FEF25%–75%.ConclusionAdults born EP across three formative decades of neonatal care had stable lung function overall, with notable improvements in BPD subgroups across cohorts.
Randomized evaluation of the loss‐of‐function carboxylesterase 1 (CES1) G143E variant on clopidogrel and ticagrelor pharmacodynamics
Authors: Lewis Joshua P. , Ryan Kathleen A. , Streeten Elizabeth A. , Whitlatch Hilary B. , Daue Melanie , Tanner Keith , Perry James A. , O'Connell Jeffrey R. , Shuldiner Alan R. , Mitchell Braxton D. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAntiplatelet therapy with a P2Y12 receptor inhibitor, in combination with aspirin, is standard of care for medical management of patients with coronary artery disease, and flexibility in prescribing options among these medications offers great potential for individualizing patient care. Previously, we showed that a loss‐of‐function missense mutation (G143E) in carboxylesterase 1 (CES1), the primary enzyme responsible for clopidogrel degradation, significantly impacts on‐clopidogrel platelet aggregation and recurrent cardiovascular event risk. In the current investigation, we conducted a prospective randomized crossover study of clopidogrel (75 mg/day for 7 days) and ticagrelor (180 mg/day for 7 days) in 50 individuals stratified by CES1 G143E genotype (N = 34 143GG and 16 143GE) to determine the effect of drug choice on inhibition of platelet aggregation (IPA). Consistent with prior reports, we observed strong association between G143E and adenosine diphosphate‐stimulated platelet aggregation following clopidogrel administration (IPA = 71.6 vs. 48.0% in 143E‐allele carriers vs. non‐carriers, respectively, p = 3.8 × 10−5). Similar significant effects on platelet aggregation were also noted between 143E‐allele carriers versus non‐carriers in response to stimulation with arachidonic acid (45.8 vs. 25.8%, p = 0.04), epinephrine (44.4 vs. 18.8%, p = 0.03), and collagen (5 μg/mL, 25.8 vs. 11.4%, p = 3.7 × 10−3). In contrast, no relationship between CES1 G143E and IPA was observed following ticagrelor administration regardless of the platelet agonist used. Collectively, these data suggest that on‐clopidogrel platelet aggregation is substantially modified by CES1 G143E genotype, that this variant does not modify ticagrelor pharmacodynamics, and that more consistent inhibition of platelet aggregation may be achieved by using ticagrelor in patients who carry clopidogrel response‐modifying alleles in CES1.
All That Glitters is Not Gold: Viewer Understanding of Felix Gonzalez‐Torres's Candy Spill Installations
Authors: Trusty Rachel 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe push to “queer the museum” calls for an increase in the inclusion of LGBT+ artworks and artists as an intervention into the heterosexual museum and canon. While popular, the display of queer, abstract objects is complicated as many museum visitors do not perceive the LGBT+ themes. In this article, I present the data on audience interpretation of two candy spill installations, Untitled (L.A.) (1991) and Untitled (Placebo‐Landscape‐for‐Roni) (1993), when they were featured in exhibitions at Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art in Bentonville, AR. Participant observation of and interviews with visitors demonstrate that while they understood the piece as a disruption to the site, no LGBT+ content was perceived. I make specific recommendations to museums based on the findings that argue the installation display, label text and placement, and museum staff training impact the viewer's understanding. As museums continue to participate in the queer turn, more should be considered when tackling the ethical display of LGBT+ works.
Evidence of Natural Reproduction of North American Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in Three Alpine Rivers in Bavaria, Germany
Authors: Mueller Melanie , Egg Leonhard , Ruff Tobias , Haas Andreas , Schubert Michael , Gum Bernhard 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTRainbow trout have been translocated from North America worldwide for more than 150 years, but have not reproduced in the wild in Europe in the last 100 years. In recent decades, several examples of successful reproduction have become public. This study reports scientific evidence of natural reproduction of North American rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in three alpine rivers in Bavaria, Germany. Eggs collected from spawning redds were determined to be rainbow trout in all study rivers. In the river Leitzach, where spawning was exclusively observed in spring, electrofishing revealed a balanced length‐frequency distribution with a high abundance of rainbow trout and a high proportion of individuals < 10 cm. In the rivers Isar and Traun, spawning was observed in winter and supposedly also in spring, according to local reports. Rainbow trout < 10 cm were also observed in these two rivers during electrofishing surveys but were less abundant than in the river Leitzach. Genetic factors and river‐specific environmental and climatic conditions may have contributed to the success or failure of rainbow trout reproduction. Effects of rainbow trout on native fish vary widely, from severe negative impacts to minimal niche overlap, so further studies of genetic and environmental factors that determine rainbow trout naturalisation are needed to better inform fisheries management.
Fisheries Co‐Management Strengthen the Effectiveness of Protected Areas in Amazonian Floodplain Lakes
Authors: Carvalho Giulia Cristina Lopes , Zuanon Jansen , Morales Bruno Ferezim , Barros Gabriel Gazzana , Borba Gabriel Costa , Amadio Sidineia Aparecida , Röpke Cristhiana Paula , Shibuya Akemi , Farago Thatyla Luana Beck , Freitas Carlos Edwar de Carvalho , de Deus Claudia Pereira , Siqueira‐Souza Flávia Kelly 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAquatic protected areas and co‐management have been proposed as strategies for conserving fisheries resources in several world regions. We analyzed the effects of different levels of governance on yield of experimental fisheries in Amazonian floodplain lakes. Sampling between 2018 and 2022 used gill nets deployed for 24 h during flooding and receding water phases. Generalized linear models (GLMs) were fitted to catch per unit effort (CPUE) and covariates, river level, time, sampling sites, level of management of the collection sites, and lake fishery management type. CPUE was significantly related to governance, management type, sampling site, and water level. Our results indicated that areas of sustainable use where community‐based co‐management was implemented were more effective for promoting high fishery yield.
REVISITING MONTAILLOU
Authors: DOMANSKA EWA 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBased on extensive scholarship in English and French, this article offers an analytical survey of both the laudatory and critical reception of Emmanuel Le Roy Ladurie's Montaillou (1975). I revisit the Latin text of Jacques Fournier's register and compare it with relevant fragments in the French and English translations of Montaillou. This comparison provides a starting point to comment on Le Roy Ladurie's novelistic writing style and the “hypnotic effect of narrative” achieved by the book. It also enables me to address historians’ criticisms of how Le Roy Ladurie used historical sources. In the second part of the article, I discuss anthropological history and the history of mentality as subdisciplines of contemporary historical writing, and I situate Montaillou within this tradition. Following Charles Tilly, I argue that Le Roy Ladurie's work is an example of “retrospective ethnography,” a term that more accurately describes Le Roy Ladurie's traditional approach to anthropological research, particularly the method of participatory observation. I also highlight prosopography as a method in Le Roy Ladurie's study of social relations in the medieval village. In conclusion, I reflect on the contemporary relevance of Montaillou for supporting human dignity and agency as well as the “humanity of history” needed in times of social and political upheaval.
On the collateral consequences of fine default: The Brazilian case study
Authors: Fortes Gabriel Brollo , Faraldo Cabana Patricia 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe collateral consequences of the non‐payment of fines have merited much attention in jurisdictions such as the USA or Australia, yet they are relatively unexplored in countries of the Global South. In this article, we analyse Brazil as a case study. Although Brazil has the third largest prison population in the world, its criminal justice system has received little attention. We intend to fill this gap by addressing the legal framework and practices surrounding the non‐payment of fines in a country whose draconian policies cause social exclusion and impede rehabilitation.
Hair‐based minimally invasive barcoding of bumblebees
Authors: Rongstock Lydia , Schardt Leonie , Maihoff Fabienne , Grünewald Bernd , Bálint Miklós 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
A common method in bumblebee monitoring is the capturing and immobilisation of animals to morphologically determine their species. This usually requires researchers to kill the specimens to examine small details under an optics setup. To circumvent this, molecular methods like cytochrome oxidase subunit I–based barcoding have been well established, which support monitoring efforts without the need to keep voucher specimens. The most common way of sampling tissue from living bumblebees for DNA barcoding remains the clipping of tarsal tips. However, the possible effects of this sampling method on the specimens, especially reproductives, have not been studied in detail.
Here, we tested a minimally invasive sampling method for barcode‐based species identification, using hair from living as well as collection‐derived specimens. Our study consists of three different experimental parts, which aimed at adapting the method from controlled experimental to field conditions.
Our results indicate that hair‐based barcoding of bumblebees is possible. In a controlled experiment, there were no negative effects on the survival of sampled individuals. However, sample processing must be handled more carefully than traditional tarsal sampling to avoid sample contamination. Nevertheless, hair is a promising sampling material for supporting difficult identifications in bumblebee monitoring.
Our study is an example of establishing minimally invasive sampling methods for hairy pollinators. The method might be used to reduce the number of specimens killed in monitoring campaigns and to avoid damaging precious museum specimens.
The Impacts of Guided and Unguided Mobile‐Mediated Concept Mapping on EFL Learners’ Vocabulary Learning and Strategy Awareness
Authors: Kaveh Ardalan 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAlthough several studies have provided positive evidence concerning the impacts of technology‐mediated language learning on learners’ vocabulary acquisition, few studies have investigated concept mapping in this field. This study intended to examine the impacts of guided and unguided mobile‐mediated concept mapping on learners’ vocabulary acquisition outside of English as a foreign language (EFL) classrooms. Moreover, the vocabulary acquisition strategies of students were examined. Sixty EFL learners in three intact classes were assigned to guided and unguided mobile‐mediated concept mapping conditions as well as one control group. The participants in the guided mobile‐mediated concept mapping group were provided with fill‐in‐blank concept mapping of words, and they were asked to fill in the nodes through their smartphones. The participants of the unguided mobile‐mediated concept mapping group were asked to draw concept maps of words via their mobile phones without receiving fill‐in‐blank concept mapping. The control group's participants were required to understand and memorize the words given to the experimental conditions conventionally, and they did not receive mobile‐mediated concept maps. Analyses of the learners’ post‐ and also delayed posttests indicated that both guided and unguided mobile‐mediated concept mapping were equally beneficial for increasing EFL learners’ vocabulary learning. Moreover, findings revealed that guided and unguided mobile‐mediated concept mapping promoted learners’ vocabulary learning strategy awareness outside of EFL settings.
Physical, but not laboratory, treatment‐related adverse events are associated with favorable outcomes of enfortumab vedotin for advanced urothelial carcinoma: A landmark analysis
Authors: Taguchi Satoru , Kawai Taketo , Ambe Yoshiki , Kishitani Kenjiro , Noda Michio , Kaneko Tomoyuki , Miyakawa Jimpei , Nakamura Yu , Hoshina Hayato , Obinata Daisuke , Yamaguchi Kenya , Kakutani Shigenori , Furuya Yoshitsune , Sato Yujiro , Adachi Yume , Sugimoto Kazuma , Sato Keigo , Tabata Mariko , Tanaka Takehiro , Nara Katsuhiko , Uemura Yukari , Kamei Jun , Akiyama Yoshiyuki , Sato Yusuke , Yamada Yuta , Niimi Aya , Yamada Daisuke , Takada Tappei , Takahashi Sayuri , Yamada Yukio , Miyazaki Hideyo , Enomoto Yutaka , Nishimatsu Hiroaki , Fujimura Tetsuya , Fukuhara Hiroshi , Nakagawa Tohru , Takahashi Satoru , Kume Haruki 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundWhile the occurrence of immune‐related adverse events has been recognized as a prognostic marker in patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors, the prognostic significance of treatment‐related adverse events (trAEs) in patients undergoing antibody–drug conjugates such as enfortumab vedotin (EV) is controversial.MethodsWe reviewed 106 patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma who were treated with EV therapy at 10 institutions between 2021 and 2023. Associations of clinical parameters with overall survival and progression‐free survival were assessed using the Cox proportional hazards model. For the assessment of trAEs, landmark analysis was conducted to minimize immortal time bias.ResultsOf 106 patients, 55 (51.9%) experienced disease progression and 44 (41.5%) died during the follow‐up period. Any grade and grade ≥3 trAEs occurred in 94 (88.7%) and 44 (41.5%) patients, respectively. Common trAEs included skin disorders (74.5%), gastrointestinal disorders (62.3%), fatigue (50.0%), peripheral neuropathy (36.8%), and hematological disorders (37.7%). One patient died of interstitial pneumonia (grade 5). According to landmark analysis using 88 patients who survived for 2 months or more, trAEs were significantly associated with longer survival. Furthermore, when trAEs were classified into “physical trAEs” such as skin disorders and “laboratory trAEs” such as hematological disorders, the former were associated with longer survival while the latter were associated with shorter survival.ConclusionsPhysical, but not laboratory, trAEs are associated with favorable outcomes of EV therapy for advanced urothelial carcinoma. Both managing trAEs and utilizing them as prognostic markers are key points in the use of antibody–drug conjugates such as EV.