bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cистемні передумови оцінювання загроз для об’єктів критичної енергетичної інфраструктури в умовах збройного протистояння в Україні
Authors: Khomik Mykola , Matsko Petro 
Published: November 2024

Мета роботи: полягає у розробці підходів до системного оцінювання загроз і ризиків для об’єктів критичної енергетичної інфраструктури в умовах збройного конфлікту в Україні.
Метод дослідження: використовується теорія стохастичних процесів і системний аналіз.
Практична цінність дослідження: Запропонований підхід щодо системного оцінювання загроз і ризиків для об’єктів критичної енергетичної інфраструктури в умовах збройного конфлікту. Зазначений підхід передбачає розглядати воєнно-техногенну безпеку системи критичної енергетичної інфраструктури як стохастичну систему, яка може перебувати в трьох станах. Користуючись графом «станів і переходів» було складено систему диференційних рівнянь (Колмогорова) для темпів («швидкості у часі») зміни імовірностей станів при зміні станів з відомими темпами переходів. Вирішення цієї системи рівнянь з врахуванням умов «стаціонарності» процесу переходів та «повноти» даної множини станів для їх імовірності, дозволило отримати імовірності перебування системи в кожному зі станів, математичне сподівання відвернених системою воєнно-техногенної безпеки збитків і нанесених системі збитків, тобто – потенціальний та реальний «ризик».
Майбутні дослідження: подальші дослідження слід спрямувати на системні дослідження оцінювання загроз і ризиків системі критичної енергетичної інфраструктури в аспекті воєнно-техногенної безпеки сил оборони України.
Тип статті: теоретичний.
Magnetically driven hydrogel microrobots for enhancing the therapeutic effect of anlotinib on osteosarcoma
Authors: Wang Haoyu , Jiang Haitian , Tao Yining , Yang Binghui , Shen Jiakang , Mu Haoran , Wang Chongren , Yang Xiyu , Cai Zhengdong , Li Mu , Sun Wei , Yang Liu , Sun Mengxiong 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionOsteosarcoma, characterized by high mortality and disability rates, poses a significant challenge due to its complex genetic background and the absence of specific membrane receptors, which hinder effective targeted therapy. Active targeting has emerged as a promising approach to address this issue.MethodsIn this study, magnetically driven hydrogel robots (MMHR) were utilized to load and deliver drugs precisely to target sites. The drugs included SCR1481B16, a specific MET inhibitor proven to inhibit MET-driven tumor growth, and Anlotinib. The microrobots were designed to navigate under magnetic guidance, enhancing drug efficacy while minimizing damage to normal tissues.ResultsThe study explored the potential of MMHR loaded with SCR1481B16 and Anlotinib in the treatment of Anlotinib-resistant osteosarcoma. The microrobots were successfully designed and produced, demonstrating the ability to deliver drugs precisely to tumor sites. Evaluation of the microrobots showed an enhanced sensitivity of tumors to Anlotinib, providing new insights into the treatment of drug-resistant osteosarcoma.DiscussionTumors overexpressing MET often develop resistance to VEGFR-targeted drugs. The use of SCR1481B16 as a MET inhibitor in combination with Anlotinib, delivered by magnetically driven hydrogel microrobots, offers a novel strategy to overcome this resistance. However, further in-depth research and validation are required before the clinical application of this method can be considered.ConclusionIn conclusion, magnetically driven hydrogel microrobots loaded with SCR1481B16 provide a promising new strategy for enhancing the sensitivity of Anlotinib-resistant osteosarcoma, bringing hope for future clinical applications in the treatment of this challenging disease.
Enhanced T-cell activation and chemokine-associated function in CD14-positive cells from venous sinus blood in sub-acute cerebral venous sinus thrombosis
Authors: Chang Yu-Zhou , Song Yu-Qi , Zhu Hao-Yu , Zhang Jia-Rui , Fu Xi-Guang , Wang Yi-Long , Dong Ke-Hui , Jiang Chu-Han , Mo Da-Peng , Zhang Yu-Peng 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundPatients with sub-acute cerebral venous sinus thrombosis experience (SA.CVST) severe symptoms compared to two other venous sinus-related diseases, including chronic cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (C.CVST) and idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH).ObjectiveThis study aimed to determine whether the different immune reactions in different venous sinuses are related.MethodsStagnant blood in the cerebral venous sinuses was extracted by passing a microcatheter and CD14-positive cells were sorted by magnetic beads and subjected to RNA-seq sequencing.ResultsCompared to patients with IIH, 128 genes were significantly down-regulated and 373 genes were significantly up-regulated in the sub-acute CVST samples. The functions of these genes were mainly focused on “immune response”, “T cell activation” and “plasma membrane”. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) showed T cell survival and activation-related function significantly unregulated in sub-acute CVST. On the other hand, there were 366 genes down-regulated in chronic CVST and 75 genes up-regulated in chronic CVST. In functional annotation, these differently expressed genes were enriched in the “extracellular region”, “chemokine-mediated signaling pathway” and “immune response”. GSEA analysis confirmed that chemokine-related functions were all up-regulated in sub-acute CVST and monocyte-macrophage adhesion functions were also significantly up-regulated.ConclusionThis study suggested the CD14-positive created an activated immune response in sub-acute CVST.
Chemical characterization of wheat-based waste derived from a pharmaceutical process for its potential valorization
Authors: Ciriaco Lidia , Izzo Luana , Graziani Giulia , Ferraro Maria Grazia , Piccolo Marialuisa , Ciampaglia Roberto , Maglione Barbara , Palladino Roberta , Albarella Simone , Romano Eugenia , Ritieni Alberto , Irace Carlo , Grieco Paolo 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionWe report the analysis and characterization and the preliminary biological evaluation, of both liquid and solid wastes obtained from the processing of wheat (Triticum vulgare) to produce the most iconic phytostimulin-based pharmaceutical products. The study aims to verify whether the waste can be reused in another process and not destined to its simple destructive disposal.MethodsIn this perspective, we first carried out an in-depth chemical-physical analysis of the waste together with a biocompatibility evaluation to plan the feasible final choice of waste destination. The liquid and solid waste derived from the processing of wheat extract were analyzed and characterized through ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution Orbitrap mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS).ResultsResults highlight that ferulic acid represent the most abundant phenolic compound for solid waste with a content of 89.782 mg/kg and dihydroferulic acid is the predominant for liquid waste (6.24 mg/L). These concentrations represent 55.87% and 84.39% of the total concentration of bioactive compounds for liquid and solid waste, respectively. The antioxidant activity registered for the solid extract was 8.598 and 7.262 mmol trolox/kg, respectively for ABTS and FRAP assays. The total phenolic content (TPC) in the liquid extract undergoes a significant percentage reduction compared to the solid waste. As regards toxicity, both liquid and solid wastes were investigated in vitro preclinical models of human skin (HaCaT cells and HDFa) after 24, 48, and 72 h of exposure. No cytotoxic effect was noted even at the highest tested concentration (100 μg/mL) at 72 h.DiscussionOverall, considering its chemo-physical features and active ingredients, we believe that this waste is highly reusable as a starting material for the development of cosmeceutical products. Thus, this study allows us to motivate the destination of the waste of the production in a recyclable raw material for additional industrial processes, thereby promoting an eco-friendly circular economy operation.
Pathogenicity and identification of host adaptation genes of the avian pathogenic Escherichia coli O145 in duck
Authors: Tan Mei-Fang , Tan Jia , Fang Shao-Pei , Kang Zhao-Feng , Li Hai-Qin , Zhang Fan-Fan , Wu Cheng-Cheng , Li Na , Zeng Yan-Bin , Lin Cui , Huang Jiang-Nan 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionAvian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is a critical bacterial pathogen that causes severe infections in poultry. Diverse serotypes increase the complexity of treatment and controlling APEC infections. Recent epidemiological investigations indicate O145 is emerging as a predominant serogroup of APEC in China. However, limited information is known about this newly emerged serogroup.MethodsA virulent strain, NC22, was selected to elucidate the mechanisms underlying APEC O145-related pathogenicity and host adaptation. Whole-genome sequencing and pathogenicity assays was conducted on this strain. We further performed a transcriptional analysis of the bacteria during the early colonization stage in the duck liver and compared them with those in liquid cultures in vitro.ResultsSubcutaneous inoculation of NC22 induced typical symptoms in ducks. The bacterial loads in the blood and various tissues peaked at 2 and 3 days post infection, respectively. The affected tissues included the heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, bursa of Fabricius, duodenum, jejunum, and cecum. We then analyzed the transcriptome profiles of NC22 during growth in duck liver versus lysogeny broth and identified 87 genes with differential expression levels.These included key metabolic enzymes and recognized host adaptation factors. Analysis of the metabolic pathways revealed an inhibition of the metabolic shift from glycolysis towards pentose phosphate pathway and an interference of the citrate cycle. Moreover, significantly differentially expressed small regulatory RNAs were examined, such as SroC, CsrC, and GadY.DiscussionThese findings enhance our understanding of the pathogenicity of APEC O145 and the molecular mechanisms underlying APEC-related pathogen−host interactions.
Genetically predicted smoking and body mass index mediate the relationship between insomnia and myocardial infarction
Authors: Deng Limei , Gao Yuan , Wan Dongmei , Dong Zheng , Shao Yuming , Gao Jing , Zhai Wenji , Xu Qian 
Published: November 2024

ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the causal relationship between insomnia and the risk of myocardial infarction (MI) and explore potential mediators such as smoking initiation, alcohol consumption and body mass index (BMI) using mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.MethodsData from 1,207,228 individuals of European ancestry were obtained from the UK Biobank and 23andMe for insomnia-related genetic associations. Genetic instruments for MI, smoking initiation, alcohol consumption, and BMI were derived from large-scale genome-wide association studies. Univariate MR analysis mainly utilized the inverse variance weighting method, and multivariable MR analysis assessed the mediation effects of smoking initiation and BMI.ResultsThe univariate MR analysis revealed a 96% increased risk of MI in individuals with insomnia [odds ratio (OR) = 1.96; 95% CI: 1.67, 2.31]. Smoking initiation and BMI were identified as potential mediators. The multivariable MR analysis indicated smoking initiation accounted for 29% of the total effect (95% CI: 13%, 61%), while BMI accounted for 15% (95% CI: 7%, 27%), with a combined mediation proportion of 54% (95% CI: 31%, 91%).ConclusionsThe results of this MR analysis demonstrate that insomnia increases the risk of MI. Quitting smoking and losing weight may reduce this risk; however, there is still a portion of the impact of insomnia on MI that cannot be explained. Therefore, further investigation into other potentially modifiable intermediate factors is necessary.
Effect of low-dose rivaroxaban on bleeding events in low-weight patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation: a retrospective propensity score-matched cohort study
Authors: Liu Yuan , Lai Hengli , Chen Zhenhuan , Xiong Ganwei 
Published: November 2024

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of low-dose rivaroxaban on bleeding events in low-weight patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (weight ≤ 60 kg) who were admitted to the Department of Cardiology of Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital from June 1, 2022, to December 12, 2022 and received anticoagulant therapy with rivaroxaban. The patients were divided into standard-dose group (15–20 mg) and low-dose group (10–15 mg). The patients were followed up for an average of 15 months by outpatient examination, telephone follow-up, or medical record inquiry of readmission patients. The bleeding events of the two groups were recorded during the follow-up period, and the two groups were balanced by propensity score weighting.ResultsA total of 198 patients with NVAF and body weight ≤60 kg receiving rivaroxaban anticoagulation therapy were enrolled, including 65 patients in the standard-dose group (15–20 mg) and 133 patients in the low-dose group (10–15 mg). In this study, only 24.1% (65/241) of the patients followed the standard dose of rivaroxaban. There was no significant difference in the incidence of bleeding events between the two groups after the balance of baseline characteristics (age) (P &gt; 0.05). This was also consistent in patients weighing less than 50 kg.ConclusionsIn the real world, in lower-weight patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation, a reduced dose of rivaroxaban did not reduce the risk of bleeding, and this was consistent in patients weighing less than 50 kg.
SOX combined with tislelizumab and low-dose radiation therapy for the neoadjuvant treatment of locally advanced gastric/gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma: study protocol for a prospective, multicenter, single-arm, phase Ib/II clinical trial
Authors: Zhang Peng-Fei , Chen Ye , Li Wen-Ke , Luo Zhu-Mei , Chen Ji , Qian Kun , Chen Xiao-Dong , Wang Mo-Jin , Liu Ming 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundRecently, the clinical benefits of neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy have been observed in patients with locally advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction (G/GEJ) cancer; however, the pathological complete response (pCR) and long-term survival rates are still unsatisfactory. The aim of this study is to investigate the efficacy and safety of chemotherapy combined with tislelizumab and low-dose radiation therapy (LDRT) for the neoadjuvant treatment of locally advanced G/GEJ cancer.MethodsThis is a prospective, multicenter, single-arm, phase Ib/II trial. In the phase Ib study, 5 patients will be enrolled in each treatment group with different radiation doses. In the phase II study, a total of 44 patients will be enrolled. Eligible patients will be registered and receive three cycles of SOX regimen chemotherapy (S-1: 40-60 mg Bid, d1-14, q3w; oxaliplatin: 130 mg/m2, iv drip, d1, q3w) plus tislelizumab (200 mg, iv drip, d1, q3w). Simultaneously, LDRT will be planned and administered after the first cycle of systemic therapy. Radical D2 gastrectomy will be performed 4-6 weeks after the last administration of chemotherapy plus tislelizumab. The primary endpoint of phase Ib study is to determine the optimal radiation dose for phase II study. The primary endpoint of phase II is the pCR rate. The secondary endpoints include R0 resection rate, major pathological response (MPR) rate, 2-year event-free survival (EFS) rate, 2-year overall survival (OS) rate and safety profile. Moreover, we will also explore potential molecular markers for predicting the benefit and safety of this neoadjuvant regimen. Written informed consent should be provided by all patients enrolled in the study. The study protocol was approved by the independent ethics committee at each institution.DiscussionThis is the first study to explore the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with tislelizumab and LDRT in G/GEJ cancer patients, the results of which may provide novel treatment strategy for patients with locally advanced G/GEJ adenocarcinoma.Clinical trial registrationClinicalTrials.Gov, identifier NCT06266871.
Nutrient transporter pattern in CD56dim NK cells: CD16 (FcγRIIIA)-dependent modulation and association with memory NK cell functional profile
Authors: De Federicis Davide , Capuano Cristina , Ciuti Daniel , Molfetta Rosa , Galandrini Ricciarda , Palmieri Gabriella 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundHuman memory NK cells represent a heterogeneous CD56dim population that expands and persists in human cytomegalovirus (HCMV)-seropositive healthy individuals. They are characterized by the preferential, not fully overlapping, expression of NKG2C (activating receptor for HLA-E) and CD57 maturation marker, and by the lack of FcεRIγ adaptor chain. Hyperresponsiveness to Fcγ receptor IIIA (CD16) engagement represents the distinctive functional signature of memory NK cells. Although CD16 engagement was shown to acutely enhance glycolytic and oxidative pathways, its capability to induce a persisting metabolic reprogramming of human NK cells is poorly understood yet.ResultsHere, we describe the peculiar nutrient transporter expression pattern of FcεRIγ- memory NK cells, characterized by higher levels of CD98 neutral amino acid antiporter and CD71 transferrin receptor, and lower expression of GLUT1 glucose transporter, with respect to FcεRIγ+ conventional NK cells. Although CD16 engagement acutely enhances glycolytic and oxidative pathways, its capability to induce a persisting metabolic reprogramming of human NK cells is poorly understood yet. Our results firstly show that sustained CD16 engagement by contact with IgG-opsonized target cells induces the mTORC1-dependent upregulation of CD98 and CD71 nutrient receptors on CD56dim NK cells, in a transporter-specific fashion, that is finely tuned by cell-dependent (grade of functional maturation, and memory or conventional lineage) and stimulus-dependent (time length and cooperation with cytokines) factors. We also demonstrate that CD98 antiporter function is required for CD16-dependent IFN-γ production, and that enhanced CD98-mediated neutral amino acid uptake associates with heightened memory NK cell functional response.ConclusionCollectively, our work documents that CD16 engagement leads to a metabolic rewiring of human NK cells and suggests that a distinct nutrient transporter expression pattern may contribute to memory NK cell peculiar functional features.
Correlation between the diameter of esophageal varices measured using a virtual ruler under endoscopy and portal pressure gradient
Authors: Mao Yudi , Fang Zhongliang , He Yingying , Jin Jing , Ding Xiping , Kong Derun 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundEsophageal variceal diameter (EVD) is a crucial factor in determining the risk of esophageal variceal bleeding, which is associated with an increased portal pressure gradient (PPG). However, research into the relationship between EVD and PPG has been limited, primarily because the assessment of EVD depends on visual estimation during endoscopy. Recently, we developed an artificial intelligence (AI)-based method to accurately detect EVD. In this study, we aim to investigate the correlation between EVD and PPG, with the goal of evaluating EVD as a potential non-invasive indicator of PPG.MethodsThis study included both retrospective and prospective data from 128 patients diagnosed with portal hypertension and gastroesophageal varices, gathered from two medical institutions. Clinical data including PPG, biochemical markers, and routine blood tests were collected. In the retrospective phase, EVD was evaluated using an AI-based virtual ruler. In the prospective phase, PPG was measured using radiological intervention methods, and EVD was measured during endoscopy with the aid of AI.ResultsA positive correlation between PPG and EVD was identified (r = 0.521, P &lt; 0.001), which was further supported by multivariate linear regression analysis (b = 6.521, t = 6.872, P &lt; 0.001). When patients were stratified into two groups based on PPG levels (27 patients with PPG &lt; 20 mmHg and 101 patients with PPG ≥ 20 mmHg), a significant difference in EVD was observed between the groups (OR = 29.275, 95% CI 5.590–153.304, P &lt; 0.001), with larger EVD in the higher PPG group. These findings suggest that EVD may serve as a predictor of adverse events associated with elevated PPG levels. In addition, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that EVD had an accuracy of 0.814 in diagnosing PPG function (standard error 0.048, 95% CI 0.720-0.908; P &lt; 0.001), indicating that PPG levels are likely to exceed 20 mmHg when the variceal diameter is greater than 1.1 cm.ConclusionEVD demonstrated a positive correlation with PPG and could potentially be used as a predictive marker for assessing PPG levels. These findings provide novel insights for the non-invasive evaluation of PPG in clinical practice.
Effective automatic classification methods via deep learning for myopic maculopathy
Authors: Zhang Zheming , Gao Qi , Fang Dong , Mijit Alfira , Chen Lu , Li Wangting , Wei Yantao 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundPathologic myopia (PM) associated with myopic maculopathy (MM) is a significant cause of visual impairment, especially in East Asia, where its prevalence has surged. Early detection and accurate classification of myopia-related fundus lesions are critical for managing PM. Traditional clinical analysis of fundus images is time-consuming and dependent on specialist expertise, driving the need for automated, accurate diagnostic tools.MethodsThis study developed a deep learning-based system for classifying five types of MM using color fundus photographs. Five architectures—ResNet50, EfficientNet-B0, Vision Transformer (ViT), Contrastive Language-Image Pre-Training (CLIP), and RETFound—were utilized. An ensemble learning approach with weighted voting was employed to enhance model performance. The models were trained on a dataset of 2,159 annotated images from Shenzhen Eye Hospital, with performance evaluated using accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, F1-Score, Cohen’s Kappa, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC).ResultsThe ensemble model achieved superior performance across all metrics, with an accuracy of 95.4% (95% CI: 93.0–97.0%), sensitivity of 95.4% (95% CI: 86.8–97.5%), specificity of 98.9% (95% CI: 97.1–99.5%), F1-Score of 95.3% (95% CI: 93.2–97.2%), Kappa value of 0.976 (95% CI: 0.957–0.989), and AUC of 0.995 (95% CI: 0.992–0.998). The voting ensemble method demonstrated robustness and high generalization ability in classifying complex lesions, outperforming individual models.ConclusionThe ensemble deep learning system significantly enhances the accuracy and reliability of MM classification. This system holds potential for assisting ophthalmologists in early detection and precise diagnosis, thereby improving patient outcomes. Future work could focus on expanding the dataset, incorporating image quality assessment, and optimizing the ensemble algorithm for better efficiency and broader applicability.