bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nasal high‐frequency oscillatory ventilation and CO2 removal: A randomized controlled crossover trial
Authors: Bottino Roberto , Pontiggia Federica , Ricci Cinzia , Gambacorta Alessandro , Paladini Angela , Chijenas Vladimiras , Liubsys Arunas , Navikiene Jurate , Pliauckiene Ausrine , Mercadante Domenica , Colnaghi Mariarosa , Tana Milena , Tirone Chiara , Lio Alessandra , Aurilia Claudia , Pastorino Roberta , Purcaro Velia , Maffei Gianfranco , Liberatore Pio , Consigli Chiara , Haass Cristina , Lista Gianluca , Agosti Massimo , Mosca Fabio , Vento Giovanni 
Published: July 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo compare short‐term application of nasal high‐frequency oscillatory ventilation (nHFOV) with nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP).Working HypothesisnHFOV improves CO2 removal with respect to nCPAP in preterm infants needing noninvasive respiratory support and persistent oxygen supply after the first 72 h of life.Study DesignMulticenter non‐blinded prospective randomized crossover study.Patient SelectionThirty premature infants from eight tertiary neonatal intensive care units, of mean ± SD 26.4 ± 1.8 weeks of gestational age and 921 ± 177 g of birth weight.MethodologyInfants were randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio to receive a starting treatment mode of either nCPAP or nHFOV delivered by the ventilator CNO (Medin, Germany), using short binasal prongs of appropriate size. A crossover design with four 1‐h treatment periods was used, such that each infant received both treatments twice. The primary outcome was the mean transcutaneous partial pressure of CO2 (TcCO2) value during the 2‐h cumulative period of nHFOV compared with the 2‐h cumulative period of nCPAP.ResultsSignificantly lower TcCO2 values were observed during nHFOV compared with nCPAP: 47.5 ± 7.6 versus 49.9 ± 7.2 mmHg, respectively, P = 0.0007. A different TcCO2 behavior was found according to the random sequence: in patients starting on nCPAP, TcCO2 significantly decreased from 50.0 ± 8.0 to 46.6 ± 7.5 mmHg during nHFOV (P = 0.001). In patients starting on nHFOV, TcCO2 slightly increased from 48.5 ± 7.8 to 49.9 ± 6.7 mmHg during nCPAP (P = 0.13).ConclusionsnHFOV delivered through nasal prongs is more effective than nCPAP in improving the elimination of CO2.
Volatile organic compounds produced by castor bean cake incorporated into the soil exhibit toxic activity against Meloidogyne incognita
Authors: Pedroso Luma A , Campos Vicente P , Pedroso Marcio P , Barros Aline F , Freire Eduardo S , Resende Franciely MP 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBackgroundThis study showed, for the first time, the effect of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by castor bean cake added to soil on the plant‐parasitic nematode Meloidogyne incognita. Identification of nematotoxic volatiles increases the chance of identifying molecules for use in commercial nematicides.ResultsVOCs produced after the incorporation of castor bean cake in the soil resulted in immobility (>97.3%) and death (>96.9%) of M. incognita second‐stage juveniles (J2) and reduction in M. incognita egg‐hatch (>74.3%) at all concentrations of cake tested (1.5–6.0%). A similar reduction in M. incognita infectivity and reproduction was observed when nematodes were exposed to these VOCs and inoculated into tomato plants or exposed directly upon contact with the soil. We identified 32 VOCs produced by castor bean cake when incorporated into soil by using solid phase micro‐extraction gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (SPME‐GC‐MS). Four of the most intense peaks in the chromatogram represented the compounds phenol, 4‐methylphenol, γ‐decalactone, and skatole. When M. incognita J2 were exposed to these compounds, all of the compounds demonstrated nematicidal activity with low median lethal concentration (LC50) values.ConclusionCastor bean cake incorporated into the soil produces volatile compounds which are toxic to M. incognita. These substances show potential for application in the nematicide‐producing industry. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Cover Image, Volume 74, Issue 8
Authors: Skaljac Marisa , Kirfel Phillipp , Grotmann Jens , Vilcinskas Andreas 
Published: July 2018

The cover image, by Marisa Skaljac et al., is based on the Research Article Fitness costs of infection with Serratia symbiotica are associated with greater susceptibility to insecticides in the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum, DOI: 10.1002/ps.4881. Image Credit: Marisa Skaljac.
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All‐Organic Dual Spin Valves with Well‐Resolved Four Resistive‐States
Authors: Banerjee Arnab , Pal Amlan J. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe formation of all‐organic dual spin valves (DSVs) with three organic spin‐selective layers, that is, spin‐injection, spin‐detection, and an additional spin‐filtering layer at the intermediate, is reported. As spin‐selective layers, manganese‐ and cobalt phthalocyanines, which are well‐known single‐molecule magnets, are used in their immobilized forms, so that all‐organic DSVs can be prefabricated for characterization. The three spin‐selective layers have provided four configurations with at most two spin‐flip interfaces enforcing spin‐flipping at the two nonmagnetic organic spacer layers, for which copper phthalocyanine is used. Since a couple of the four configurations have exhibited similar resistivities, the degeneracy in the resistive‐states is broken through asymmetric spin‐injection and spin‐detection layers and also through asymmetric thickness of the nonmagnetic spacer layers. When both the spin‐flip interfaces are made operative independently, a 2‐bit logic with four distinct resistive states can be achieved.
Teachers’ and Students’ Perceptions of Excellence in Teaching in Colombia
Authors: Ripoll‐Núñez Karen J. , Mojica‐Ospina Iván Enrique , Torres‐Riveros Andrés Camilo , Castellanos‐Tous María Silvana 
Published: July 2018

AbstractUsing the TBC, we compared students’ and teachers’ perceptions of excellent teaching in different disciplines at a private university in Colombia. Faculty and students in all fields rated being respectful and being a good communicator as the two most important qualities of excellent teachers. Differences in students’ and faculty's perceptions across disciplines related to teachers’ attributes associated with both the caring and supportive and professional competency subscales.
A security review of local government using NIST CSF: a case study
Authors: Ibrahim Ahmed , Valli Craig , McAteer Ian , Chaudhry Junaid 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Evaluating cyber security risk is a challenging task regardless of an organisation’s nature of business or size, however, an essential activity. This paper uses the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) cyber security framework (CSF) to assess the cyber security posture of a local government organisation in Western Australia. Our approach enabled the quantification of risks for specific NIST CSF core functions and respective categories and allowed making recommendations to address the gaps discovered to attain the desired level of compliance. This has led the organisation to strategically target areas related to their people, processes, and technologies, thus mitigating current and future threats.
U.S. Foreign Policy and the Governance of Finance
Authors: Lavelle Kathryn C. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractWhat factors explain U.S. participation in multilateral forums that govern finance? Current literature misses the key features of the Federal Reserve, Treasury, and Congress that result in their distinct manners of support for various multilateral arrangements. I revisit the archival record and apply a new understanding to American participation in the Bank for International Settlements (BIS) and Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS) as the financial regime has evolved since the collapse of fixed parity in the IMF after 1971. I thus explain the puzzle of American ambivalence through an exploration of the fragmented U.S. regulatory system, which inhibits the United States from acting as a unitary, lead actor of multilateral negotiations. Hence, American coordination must take place both domestically and internationally for an agreement to emerge.
Long-Term Outcomes in the Management of Central Neuropathic Pain Syndromes: A Prospective Observational Cohort Study
Authors: Staudt Michael D. , Clark Alexander John , Gordon Allan S. , Lynch Mary E. , Morley-Forster Pat K. , Nathan Howard , Smyth Catherine , Stitt Larry W. , Toth Cory , Ware Mark A. , Moulin Dwight E. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBackground:Central neuropathic pain syndromes are a result of central nervous system injury, most commonly related to stroke, traumatic spinal cord injury, or multiple sclerosis. These syndromes are distinctly less common than peripheral neuropathic pain, and less is known regarding the underlying pathophysiology, appropriate pharmacotherapy, and long-term outcomes. The objective of this study was to determine the long-term clinical effectiveness of the management of central neuropathic pain relative to peripheral neuropathic pain at tertiary pain centers.Methods:Patients diagnosed with central (n=79) and peripheral (n=710) neuropathic pain were identified for analysis from a prospective observational cohort study of patients with chronic neuropathic pain recruited from seven Canadian tertiary pain centers. Data regarding patient characteristics, analgesic use, and patient-reported outcomes were collected at baseline and 12-month follow-up. The primary outcome measure was the composite of a reduction in average pain intensity and pain interference. Secondary outcome measures included assessments of function, mood, quality of life, catastrophizing, and patient satisfaction.Results:At 12-month follow-up, 13.5% (95% confidence interval [CI], 5.6-25.8) of patients with central neuropathic pain and complete data sets (n=52) achieved a ≥30% reduction in pain, whereas 38.5% (95% CI, 25.3-53.0) achieved a reduction of at least 1 point on the Pain Interference Scale. The proportion of patients with central neuropathic pain achieving both these measures, and thus the primary outcome, was 9.6% (95% CI, 3.2-21.0). Patients with peripheral neuropathic pain and complete data sets (n=463) were more likely to achieve this primary outcome at 12 months (25.3% of patients; 95% CI, 21.4-29.5) (p=0.012).Conclusion:Patients with central neuropathic pain syndromes managed in tertiary care centers were less likely to achieve a meaningful improvement in pain and function compared with patients with peripheral neuropathic pain at 12-month follow-up.
Effect of transverse temperature gradient on the migration of a deformable droplet in a Poiseuille flow
Authors: Das Sayan , Mandal Shubhadeep , Chakraborty Suman 
Published: July 2018

Intricate manipulation of droplets in fluidic confinements may turn out to be critically important for achieving their controlled transverse distributions. Here, we study the migration characteristics of a suspended deformable droplet in a parallel plate channel under the combined influence of a constant temperature gradient in the transverse direction and an imposed pressure driven flow. An outstanding question concerning the resultant non-trivial dynamical features that we address here pertains to the nonlinearity that results as a consequence of the shape deformation, which does not permit us to analyse the combined transport as a mere linear superposition of the results for the thermocapillary and imposed flow driven droplet migration in an effort to obtain the final solution. For the analytical solution, an asymptotic approach is used, where we neglect any effect of inertia or thermal convection of the fluid in either of the phases. To obtain a numerical solution, we use the conservative level set method. We perform numerical simulations over a wide range of governing parameters and obtain the dependence of the transverse steady position of the droplet on different parameters. In order to address practical microfluidic set-ups, the influence of a bounding wall as well as the effect of thermal convection and finite shape deformation on the cross-stream migration of the droplet is investigated through numerical simulations. Increase in the thermal Marangoni stress shifts the steady-state transverse position of the droplet further away from the channel centreline, for any particular value of the capillary number (which signifies the ratio of the viscous force to the surface tension force). The confinement ratio, which is the ratio of the droplet radius to the channel height, plays an important role in predicting the transverse position of the droplet and thus has immense consequences for the design of droplet-based microfluidic devices with enhanced functionalities. A large confinement ratio drives the droplet towards the channel centre, whereas a smaller confinement ratio causes the droplet to move towards the wall. Moreover, for a fixed droplet radius and constant imposed temperature gradient, an increase in the channel height results in an increase in the time required for the droplet to reach the steady-state position. However, the final steady-state position of the droplet is independent of its initial position but at the same time dependent on the droplet phase thermal conductivity. A larger droplet thermal conductivity compared with the carrier phase results in a steady-state droplet position closer to the channel centreline. A higher fluid inertia, on the other hand, shifts the steady-state position towards the channel wall.
OSL and AMS 14C Age of the Most Complete Mammoth Fossil Skeleton from Northeastern China and its Paleoclimate Significance
Authors: Zhang Hucai , Chang Fengqin , Li Huayong , Peng Guoqing , Duan Lizeng , Meng Hongwei , Yang Xiujuan , Wei Zhenyi 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACTApplying radiocarbon (14C) dating using accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) to the skeleton of a mammoth and the associated plant remains have been dated. The fossil of Zhalai Nur mammoth was dated to 43,500 +1000/–900 14C yr BP. The results of optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating, which show that a fluvially deposited gravel layer, from that the mammoth fossils were excavated, formed between 51,300±2100 and 26,600±1200 yr BP, place the new AMS 14C dates in a well-developed chronological framework. Through this study, it can be summarized that, firstly, using suitable sample material, it is possible to obtain reliable AMS 14C results, even when the ages of the target materials approach the upper limits of the method. Second, it reveals that a depositional hiatus exists during the Late Pleistocene, between ca. 26,000 yr BP and ca. 13,000 yr BP. Finally, large rivers and widely distributed areas of alluvial-fluvial deposits existed in this present-day desert area between ca. 51,000 and 26,000 yr BP. These results may shed new light on the study of the Mammuthus-Colelodonta-Bubalus fauna, the most important and fully developed fauna during the Late Pleistocene in northeastern China. They also deepen our understanding about the eco-environments of the region.
Do children undergoing bilateral myringotomy with placement of ventilating tubes benefit from pre-operative analgesia? A double-blinded, randomised, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: McHale B , Badenhorst C D , Low C , Blundell D 
Published: July 2018

AbstractObjectiveA double-blinded, randomised, placebo-controlled trial was conducted to determine whether routine pre-operative analgesia is beneficial in reducing post-operative ear pain following bilateral myringotomy and tube placement.MethodsForty-five children (aged 3–15 years) were randomised to receive either pre-operative analgesics (paracetamol and ibuprofen) (n = 21) or placebo (n = 24). All children underwent sevoflurane gas induction with intranasal fentanyl (2 mcg/kg) to reduce the incidence of emergence agitation. Post-operative pain scores were measured using the Wong-Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale. Median pain scores taken 90 minutes post-surgery, and the highest pain score recorded prior to 90 minutes, were analysed.ResultsThere were no statistical differences between the median pain scores at 90 minutes or subsequent need for rescue analgesia. Emergence agitation did not occur in any child. Inadvertent ear trauma, use of an intravenous cannula or airway adjunct did not affect pain scores.ConclusionRoutine pre-operative analgesia does not reduce pain scores in the early post-operative period. Simple analgesics are effective for rescue analgesia in the minority of cases.
Internal carotid artery aneurysm in skull base osteomyelitis: does the pattern of cranial nerve involvement matter?
Authors: Hassannia F , Carr S D , Yu E , Rutka J A 
Published: July 2018

AbstractObjectiveCarotid artery aneurysm is a potentially fatal complication of skull base osteomyelitis. It is important to know the warning signs for this complication, as early diagnosis is of great importance. This report aimed to determine whether the pattern of cranial nerve involvement may predict the occurrence of aneurysm involving the internal carotid artery in skull base osteomyelitis.MethodsTwo diabetic patients with skull base osteomyelitis were incidentally diagnosed with pseudo-aneurysm of the petrous internal carotid artery on follow-up magnetic resonance imaging. They presented with lower cranial nerve palsy; however, facial nerve function was almost preserved in both cases. Computed tomography angiography confirmed aneurysms at the junction of the horizontal and vertical segments of the petrous carotid artery.ResultsInternal carotid artery trapping was conducted using coil embolisation. Post-coiling magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated no procedure-related complications. Regular follow up has demonstrated that patients’ symptoms are improving.ConclusionOne should be mindful of this potentially fatal complication in skull base osteomyelitis patients with lower cranial nerve palsies, with or without facial nerve involvement, especially in the presence of intracranial thromboembolic events or Horner's syndrome.
Review and comparison of Apriori algorithm implementations on Hadoop-MapReduce and Spark
Authors: Castro Eduardo P. S. , Maia Thiago D. , Pereira Marluce R. , Esmin Ahmed A. A. , Pereira Denilson A. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractSeveral Apriori algorithm implementations for mining association rules have been proposed in the literature using the Hadoop-MapReduce framework and, more recently, Spark. However, none of the works have made a detailed assessment of its performance, for example, comparing it with other implementations in various characteristics of data sets. In this work, we present a review of the main algorithms proposed for Hadoop-MapReduce and compared their implementations in a single environment under several different situations. Moreover, these algorithms had their implementations adapted to Spark, and also compared under the same circumstances. Based on the results of the experiments, we present a framework for recommending the Apriori implementation most appropriate for solving a given problem, according to the data set characteristics and minimum required support. The results show that Spark implementations overcome Hadoop-MapReduce implementations at runtime in most experiments. However, there is no single implementation that is the best in all the evaluated situations.
Hybrid approach for disconnected pulmonary arteries: never lose a pulmonary artery again!
Authors: Butera Gianfranco , Giusti Giuliano , Pomè Giuseppe 
Published: July 2018

AbstractDisconnection of a pulmonary artery needs early surgical treatment in order to support the growth of the vessel. However, owing to the high rate of re-stenosis after traditional surgical reconstruction, we developed a hybrid approach involving the creation of pulmonary artery continuity by using autologous or heterologous tissue supported by stent implantation.
Spanish adaptation and validation of the Child Food Security Survey Module (CFSSM-S)
Authors: Shankar-Krishnan Nithya , Penelo Eva , Fornieles Deu Albert , Sánchez-Carracedo David 
Published: July 2018

AbstractObjectiveThe present study aimed to assess the: (i) internal structure of the Spanish Child Food Security Survey Module (CFSSM-S) with exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis (EFA and CFA); (ii) measurement invariance by gender, grade, weight status, socio-economic status (SES) and family affluence; and (iii) relationships with these external variables.DesignA cross-sectional study was conducted. The CFSSM-S and other tools were employed to assess food insecurity, weight status, SES and family affluence, respectively.SettingA secondary school (grades 7–10) in the city of Terrassa in Catalonia, Spain.SubjectsParticipants included adolescent boys and girls (n426) aged 12–17 years.ResultsThe cross-validation design with EFA and CFA captured a single factor, ‘food insecurity’. The goodness-of-fit for the one-factor model with CFA (root-mean-square error of approximation=0·038, comparative fit index=0·984, Tucker–Lewis index=0·979) and internal consistency (ω=0·95) were excellent. The measurement invariance indicated that CFSSM-S could be used across genders, grades, weight status, SES and family affluence. Only mean differences for SES and family affluence were found which showed a linear trend, indicating higher CFSSM-S scores for participants with lower SES and family affluence. Of participants, 1·9 % experienced very low food security, 16·4 % low food security and 81·7 % were food secure.ConclusionsThe CFSSM-S is the first validated instrument to assess food insecurity with psychometric guarantees in Spanish adolescents. Researchers and health practitioners in Spain could use this self-reported questionnaire to gain more information about adolescent health in relation to food insecurity.
Clinical relevance and validity of tools to predict infant, childhood and adulthood obesity: a systematic review
Authors: Canfell Oliver J , Littlewood Robyn , Wright Olivia RL , Walker Jacqueline L 
Published: July 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the global availability of a multicomponent tool predicting overweight/obesity in infancy, childhood, adolescence or adulthood; and to compare their predictive validity and clinical relevance.Design/SettingThe PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines were followed. The databases PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science and PsycINFO were searched. Additional articles were identified via reference lists of included articles. Risk of bias was assessed using the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics’ Quality Criteria Checklist. The National Health and Medical Research Council’s Levels of Evidence hierarchy was used to assess quality of evidence. Predictive performance was evaluated using the ABCD framework.SubjectsEligible studies: tool could be administered at any life stage; quantified the risk of overweight/obesity onset; used more than one predictor variable; and reported appropriate prediction statistical outcomes.ResultsOf the initial 4490 articles identified, twelve articles (describing twelve tools) were included. Most tools aimed to predict overweight and/or obesity within childhood (age 2–12 years). Predictive accuracy of tools was consistently adequate; however, the predictive validity of most tools was questioned secondary to poor methodology and statistical reporting. Globally, five tools were developed for dissemination into clinical practice, but no tools were tested within a clinical setting.ConclusionsTo our knowledge, a clinically relevant and highly predictive overweight/obesity prediction tool is yet to be developed. Clinicians can, however, act now to identify the strongest predictors of future overweight/obesity. Further research is necessary to optimise the predictive strength and clinical applicability of such a tool.