bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metamorphism, geochemistry, and carbon source on sedimentary‐metamorphic graphite deposits in eastern Shandong, China
Authors: Wang Jinya , Liu Jianchao , Zhang Haidong , Zhang Hairui , Li Yang 
Published: August 2019

Eastern Shandong is one of the most economically important regions for ore‐producing sedimentary‐metamorphic graphite deposits in China. The Liugezhuang and Daliangzikou graphite deposits in the Pingdu–Laixi Graphite Belt are typical examples. The ores in the Liugezhuang deposit and Daliangzikou deposit are typically gneiss/granulite type and biotite granulite type, respectively. Graphite occurs as stratabound layers of slender flakes associated with biotite, clinopyroxene, and plagioclase and as slender flakes and disseminated grains associated with biotite and filling tiny fractures in mineral grains. The mineral associations indicate that the ore rocks can be classified into four metamorphic facies: (a) amphibolite granulite facies, Cpx (Hy) + Opx (Di) + Pl ± Hbl ± Qz; (b) amphibolite facies, Hbl + Pl + Cpx (Opm) + Ep + Bt + Ms + Qz ± Chl ± Mic; (c) high‐grade greenshist facies, Hbl + Pl + Ep + Bt + Chl + Qz ± Cpx; and (d) low‐grade greenshist facies, Ep + Chl + Pl + Bt + Ms + Chl + Qz + Rt. Study of the variation in graphite crystals and fixed carbon with increasing metamorphic grade suggests that more than one metamorphism process (graphitization) occurred during ore formation. Geochemical analysis indicates that the primary condition under which the Liugezhuang and Daliangzikou graphite deposits formed was a marine facies sedimentary environment of which the material source was terrestrial weathering detritus and compounds and also a participation of terrestrial material in the graphite deposits. Trace element data suggest that the sedimentary condition was from a reducing condition in the Liugezhuang graphite deposit to a weaker reducing condition in the Daliangzikou graphite deposit, whereas samples from a Jingshan Group stratum show multiple oxidation–reduction conditions but dominantly oxidation. Carbon isotope analysis indicates that the carbon source of the Liugezhuang graphite deposit was organic, whereas that of the Daliangzikou graphite deposit was mainly organic carbon but with some inorganic participation.
Predicting current and future anxiety symptoms in cognitively intact older adults with memory complaints
Authors: Hill Nikki L. , Mogle Jacqueline , Bell Tyler Reed , Bhargava Sakshi , Wion Rachel K. , Bhang Iris 
Published: August 2019

ObjectivesMemory complaints are a common concern for older adults and may co‐occur with anxiety symptoms. Although both memory complaints and anxiety are associated with heightened cognitive decline risk, little is known about how these symptoms develop over time. The purpose of this study was to examine the differential concurrent and longitudinal relationships among anxiety symptoms and two types of memory complaints in cognitively intact older adults.Methods/DesignThe current study sample was drawn from two longitudinal, nationally representative datasets, the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS) and the Health and Retirement Study (HRS). Cognitively intact older adults aged 65 and over were included, representing six (n = 5069; NHATS) and two (n = 5284; HRS) waves of data, respectively. Using multilevel linear modeling, we tested bidirectional relationships between anxiety and two types of memory complaints: current rating of memory performance and perceived memory decline.ResultsConcurrent associations between anxiety symptoms and memory complaints were found in both datasets: At times when current memory performance was rated more poorly or perceived memory decline was reported, anxiety symptoms tended to be higher, and vice versa. A longitudinal relationship was identified in NHATS such that perceived memory decline, and not current memory rating, predicted future anxiety symptoms.ConclusionThis study provides a better understanding of the relationships between memory complaints and anxiety symptoms over time. Cognitively intact older adults with perceived memory decline are at greater risk for current as well as future anxiety symptoms.
Prevalence and correlates of dementia and mild cognitive impairment classified with different versions of the modified Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status (TICS‐m)
Authors: Lindgren Noora , Rinne Juha O. , Palviainen Teemu , Kaprio Jaakko , Vuoksimaa Eero 
Published: August 2019

ObjectivesThe modified Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status (TICS‐m) is an efficient and cost‐effective screening instrument of dementia, but there is less support for its utility in the detection of mild cognitive impairment (MCI). We undertook a comprehensive evaluation of the utility of different TICS‐m versions with or without an education‐adjusted scoring method to classify dementia and MCI in a large population‐based sample.MethodsCross‐sectional assessment of cognition (TICS‐m), depressive symptoms (CES‐D), and apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 status was performed on 1772 older adults (aged 71‐78 y, education 5‐16 y, 50% female) from the population‐based older Finnish Twin Cohort. TICS‐m classification methods with and without education adjustment were used to classify individuals with normal cognition, MCI, or dementia.ResultsThe prevalence of dementia and MCI varied between education‐adjusted (dementia = 3.7%, MCI = 9.3%) and unadjusted classifications (dementia = 8.5%‐11%, MCI = 22.3%‐41.3%). APOE ε4 status was associated with dementia irrespective of education adjustment, but with MCI only when education adjustment was used. Regardless of the version, poorer continuous TICS‐m scores were associated with higher age, lower education, more depressive symptoms, male sex, and being an APOE ε4 carrier.ConclusionsWe showed that demographic factors, APOE ε4 status, and depressive symptoms were similarly related to continuous TICS‐m scores and dementia classifications with different versions. However, education‐adjusted classification resulted in a lower prevalence of dementia and MCI and in a higher proportion of APOE ε4 allele carriers among those identified as having MCI. Our results support the use of education‐adjusted classification especially in the context of MCI.
Prediction of the depth of invasion in superficial pharyngeal cancer: Microvessel morphological evaluation with narrowband imaging
Authors: Eguchi Kohtaro , Matsui Toshihiro , Mukai Masayoshi , Sugimoto Taro 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundMagnifying endoscopy with narrowband imaging (ME‐NBI) is useful in predicting the invasion depth by examining the microvascular status of tumor surfaces. This retrospective study aimed to determine its efficacy in pharyngeal cancer.MethodsBetween April 2016 and March 2018, 59 lesions from 46 patients who underwent transoral resection were retrospectively analyzed. Using ME‐NBI, microvascular status was classified into B1, B2, or B3, based on the classification of the Japan Esophageal Society.ResultsA significant correlation was observed between microvascular status and invasion depth (P = .011). Mean thickness of lesions with B1, B2, and B3 vessels were 563, 1364, and 2825 μm, respectively (P = .006). In previously treated lesions, a significant correlation was observed between microvascular status and invasion depth (P = .012).ConclusionsME‐NBI is useful in predicting the invasion depth and thickness of pharyngeal tumors, even in patients with previously treated lesions.
CRAF Methylation by PRMT6 Regulates Aerobic Glycolysis–Driven Hepatocarcinogenesis via ERK‐Dependent PKM2 Nuclear Relocalization and Activation
Authors: Wong Tin‐Lok , Ng Kai‐Yu , Tan Kel Vin , Chan Lok‐Hei , Zhou Lei , Che Noélia , Hoo Ruby L.C. , Lee Terence K. , Richard Stéphane , Lo Chung‐Mau , Man Kwan , Khong Pek‐Lan , Ma Stephanie 
Published: August 2019

Background and Aims
Most tumor cells use aerobic glycolysis (the Warburg effect) to support anabolic growth and promote tumorigenicity and drug resistance. Intriguingly, the molecular mechanisms underlying this phenomenon are not well understood. In this work, using gain‐of‐function and loss‐of‐function in vitro studies in patient‐derived organoid and cell cultures as well as in vivo positron emission tomography–magnetic resonance imaging animal models, we showed that protein arginine N‐methyltransferase 6 (PRMT6) regulates aerobic glycolysis in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) through nuclear relocalization of pyruvate kinase M2 isoform (PKM2), a key regulator of the Warburg effect.

Approach and Results
We found PRMT6 to methylate CRAF at arginine 100, interfering with its RAS/RAF binding potential, and therefore altering extracellular signal–regulated kinase (ERK)‐mediated PKM2 translocation into the nucleus. This altered PRMT6‐ERK‐PKM2 signaling axis was further confirmed in both a HCC mouse model with endogenous knockout of PRMT6 as well as in HCC clinical samples. We also identified PRMT6 as a target of hypoxia through the transcriptional repressor element 1‐silencing transcription factor, linking PRMT6 with hypoxia in driving glycolytic events. Finally, we showed as a proof of concept the therapeutic potential of using 2‐deoxyglucose, a glycolysis inhibitor, to reverse tumorigenicity and sorafenib resistance mediated by PRMT6 deficiency in HCC.

Conclusions
Our findings indicate that the PRMT6‐ERK‐PKM2 regulatory axis is an important determinant of the Warburg effect in tumor cells, and provide a mechanistic link among tumorigenicity, sorafenib resistance, and glucose metabolism.
Influence of variable viscosity and thermal conductivity, hydrodynamic, and thermal slips on magnetohydrodynamic micropolar flow: A numerical study
Authors: Rahman M. A. , Uddin M. J. , Bég O. Anwar , Kadir Ali 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThermophysical and wall‐slip effects arise in many areas of nuclear technology. Motivated by such applications, in this article, the collective influence of variable‐viscosity, thermal conductivity, velocity and thermal slip effects on a steady two‐dimensional magnetohydrodynamic micropolar fluid over a stretching sheet is analyzed numerically. The governing nonlinear partial differential equations have been converted into a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations using suitable coordinate transformations. The numerical solutions of the problem are expressed in the form of nondimensional velocity and temperature profiles and discussed from their graphical representations. The Nachtsheim‐Swigert shooting iteration technique together with the sixth‐order Runge‐Kutta integration scheme has been applied for the numerical solution. A comparison with the existing results has been done, and an excellent agreement is found. Further validation with the Adomian decomposition method is included for the general model. Interesting features in the heat and momentum characteristics are explored. It is found that a greater thermal slip and thermal conductivity elevate thermal boundary layer thickness. Increasing Prandtl number enhances the Nusselt number at the wall but reduces wall couple stress (microrotation gradient). Temperatures are enhanced with both the magnetic field and viscosity parameter. Increasing momentum (hydrodynamic) slip is found to accelerate the flow and elevate temperatures.
HYDROLOGICAL FUNCTION OF A MOUNTAIN FEN AT LOW ELEVATION UNDER DRY CONDITIONS
Authors: Streich Stephanie C. , Westbrook Cherie J. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMountain fens are limited in their spatial extent but are vital ecosystems for biodiversity, habitat, and carbon and water cycling. Studies of fen hydrological function in northern regions indicate the timing and magnitude of runoff is variable, with atmospheric and environmental conditions playing key roles in runoff production. How the complex ecohydrological processes of mountain fens that govern water storage and release as well as peat accumulation will respond to a warmer and less snowy future climate is unclear. To provide insight, we studied the hydrological processes and function of Sibbald fen, located at the low end of the known elevation range in the Canadian Rocky Mountains, over a dry period. We added an evapotranspiration function to the Spence hydrological function method to better account for storage loss. When frozen in spring and early summer, the fen primarily transmits water. When thawed, the fen's hydrological function switches from water transmission to water release, leading to a summertime water table decline of nearly 1 m. Rainfall events larger than 5 mm can transiently switch fen hydrological function to storage, followed by contribution, depending on antecedent conditions. The evapotranspiration function was dominant only for a brief period in late June and early July when rainfall was low and the ground was still partially frozen, even though evapotranspiration accounted for the largest loss of storage from the system. This research highlights the mechanisms by which mountain peatlands supply baseflow during drought conditions, and the importance of frozen ground and rainfall in regulating their hydrological function. The study has important implications for the sustainability of low elevation mountain fens under climate change.
Tunable self‐powered n‐SrTiO3 photodetectors based on varying CuS‐ZnS nanocomposite film (p‐CuZnS, p‐CuS, and n‐ZnS)
Authors: Zhang Yong , Xu Xiaojie , Fang Xiaosheng 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe heterojunction photodetector between n‐SrTiO3 (n‐STO) and p‐CuS‐ZnS (p‐CZS) is prepared by a simple chemical bath deposition. The p‐CZS/n‐STO photodetector exhibits excellent self‐powered characteristics under 390‐nm light illumination, including high photosensitivity (on/off ratio of 300), fast response speed (0.7/94.6 ms), and good wavelength selectivity (410‐380 nm). More importantly, the self‐powered n‐STO photodetectors can be regulated by varying the composition of CZS film (p‐CZS, p‐CuS, and n‐ZnS). All devices exhibit a large open‐circuit voltage and show different self‐powered behaviors because of the different built‐in electric fields. The open‐circuit voltages of the CZS/STO, CuS/STO, and ZnS/STO devices are measured to be 0.56, 0.30, and 0.35 V, respectively. This work provides a simple and effective way to fabricate tunable self‐powered photodetectors by varying the composition of the nanocomposite film.
Additively manufactured small‐diameter vascular grafts with improved tissue healing using a novel SNAP impregnation method
Authors: Kabirian Fatemeh , Brouki Milan Peiman , Zamanian Ali , Heying Ruth , Mozafari Masoud 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe vascular network has a complex architecture such as branches, curvatures, and bifurcations which is even more complicated in view of individual patients' defect anatomy requiring custom‐specifically designed vascular implants. In this work, 3D printing is used to overcome these challenges and a new shorter impregnation method was developed to incorporate S‐nitroso‐N‐acetyl‐d‐penicillamine (SNAP) as a nitric oxide (NO) donor to printed grafts. The 3D‐printed small‐diameter vascular grafts (SDVGs) were impregnated with SNAP solution during SNAP synthesis (S1) or with SNAP dissolved in methanol (S2). The advantage of the newly developed S1 impregnation method is the elimination of the synthesis step by direct impregnation inside the S1 solution. Scanning electron microscopy imaging reveals the successful crystal formation in both methods. The results demonstrate that both S1‐ and S2‐impregnated grafts, after covering with polycaprolactone topcoat, can release NO in a controlled manner and in the physiological range (0.5–4.0 × 10−10 mol cm−2 min−1) over a 15 days period. The created grafts with a NO‐releasing surface have also shown bactericidal effect while the healing properties of the implant were improved by promoting migration and proliferation of endothelial cells (ECs). These results suggest that incorporation of 3D printing technology with the newly developed S1 impregnation of SNAP can optimize and shorten the manufacturing process of the next generation of patient‐based antibacterial SDVGs with a higher attraction for ECs.
Changes in the expression levels of CB1 and GLP‐1R mRNAs and microRNAs 33a and 122 in the liver of type 2 diabetic rats treated with ghrelin
Authors: Coskun Zeynep M. , Beydogan Alisa B. , Bolkent Sema 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe aim of the study is to clarify the effect of ghrelin treatment on the messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of the cannabinoid receptor 1 (Cnr1/CB1) and glucagon‐like peptide 1 receptor (Glp1r/GLP‐1R) as well as microRNAs (miR)‐122 and miR‐33a in the liver of rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Adult Sprague‐Dawley rats were divided into three groups: control (n = 7), T2DM (n = 7), and treatment (n = 7). Control animals received tap water. T2DM was induced by feeding 10% fructose in drinking water for 2 weeks followed by a single injection of streptozotocin (40 mg/kg, intraperitoneally [IP]). In the treatment group, diabetic rats were injected ghrelin (25 μg/kg, IP) for 14 days. Serum lipid profiles were evaluated, and mRNA expression levels of Cnr1 and Glp1r in the liver were detected using quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR). In addition, miR‐122 and miR‐33a levels were measured using RT‐qPCR. Serum triglycerides, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, and very‐low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol significantly increased in the T2DM group compared with control rats but ghrelin treatment showed no effect on serum lipid levels. The mRNA expression levels of Cnr1 and Glp1r decreased in the T2DM group compared with the control group. These reductions were significantly increased in the T2DM group treated with ghrelin. Furthermore, the increase in miR‐33a expression level was reduced in the treatment group compared to rats with T2DM. Our findings suggested that ghrelin treatment may alter the mRNA expression levels of CB1 and GLP‐1R in the liver of rats with T2DM. The mRNA levels of Cnr1 and Glp1r may inversely correlate with the expression level of miR‐33a but not miR‐122.
LncRNA CCAT1 functions as apoptosis inhibitor in podocytes via autophagy inhibition
Authors: Su Yanyan , Yao Shuwen , Zhao Shili , Li Jinchun , Li Hongyan 
Published: August 2019

AbstractPodocyte apoptosis importantly contributes to various kidney diseases. Long noncoding RNAs Colon cancer‐associated transcript‐1 (CCAT‐1) has been demonstrated for a critical role in cell proliferation. In the present study, the relationship between CCAT1 and popdocyte impairment, and the underlying mechanism was investigated. Podocytes were isolated from mice and then treated with tumor necrosis factor‐α to simulate podocyte injury. After developed CCAT1 overexpression or knockdown, cell viabilities were determined with the CCK‐8 assay, apoptosis was examined with Flow cytometry, the autophagy was observed by Western blot. Furthermore, phosphorylated PI3K and Akt expressions were examined. We found that after CCAT1 overexpression, the cell viability was significantly increased, apoptosis was significantly decreased, and autophagy was significantly inhibited, which was indicated by induced P62, LC3B‐I and decreased LC3B‐II. In addition, CCAT1 overexpression induced the levels of phosphorylated PI3K and Akt. With Rap treatment, these effects by CCAT1 were reversed. Furthermore, the results contrary to the effects by CCAT1 overexpression were presented after CCAT1 knockdown, and this was inhibited by 3‐MA. Taken together, our results suggested that CCAT1 induction critically participated in apoptosis inhibition in podocytes through autophagy inhibition via increasing PI3K/Akt signaling. This might act as a promising therapeutic intervention for renal diseases associated with podocyte apoptosis.
NCAM regulates the proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy, EMT, and migration of human melanoma cells via the Src/Akt/mTOR/cofilin signaling pathway
Authors: Li Jing , Yang Rui , Yang Haijie , Chen Sujuan , Wang Lei , Li Man , Yang Shaokui , Feng Zhiwei , Bi Jiajia 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) plays critical roles in multiple cellular processes in neural cells, mesenchymal stem cells, and various cancer cells. However, the effect and mechanism of NCAM in human melanoma cells are still unclear. In this study, we found that NCAM regulated the proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy, migration, and epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition of human melanoma cells by determining the biological behavior of NCAM knockdown A375 and M102 human melanoma cells. Further studies revealed that NCAM knockdown impaired the organization of actin cytoskeleton and reduced the phosphorylation of cofilin, an actin‐cleaving protein. When cells were transfected with cofilin S3A (dephosphorylated cofilin), biological behavior similar to that of NCAM knockdown cells was observed. Research on the underlying molecular mechanism showed that NCAM knockdown suppressed activation of the Src/Akt/mTOR pathway. Specific inhibitors of Src and PI3K/Akt were employed to further verify the relationship between Src/Akt/mTOR signaling and cofilin, and the results showed that the phosphorylation level of cofilin decreased following inhibition of the Src/Akt/mTOR pathway. These results indicated that NCAM may regulate the proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy, migration, and epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition of human melanoma cells via the Src/Akt/mTOR/cofilin pathway‐mediated dynamics of actin cytoskeleton.
Path analytic modeling of psychologists’ openness to performing clinical work with telepsychology: A national study
Authors: Pierce Bradford S. , Perrin Paul B. , McDonald Scott D. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo examine whether the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) and Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) apply to psychologists’ openness to using telepsychology.MethodParticipants were 1,791 psychologists currently practicing psychotherapy. Participants represented all 50 US states and averaged 26.33 (SD = 11.18) years in clinical practice. The study used a cross‐sectional, national online design.ResultsPath analyses derived from the TRA and TAM evidenced poor fit. A newly‐developed, third model achieved adequate to fit in which perceived attitudes of others concerning telepsychology were associated with perceived ease of use (β = 0.25,p < .001) and usefulness (β = 0.30,p < .001) of telepsychology. Perceived ease of use (β = 0.30,p < .001) and usefulness (β = 0.32,p < .001) of telepsychology both uniquely predicted current use of telepsychology.ConclusionsOrganizations should adopt methods for delivering telepsychology that are easy to use and possess demonstrable utility.