bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel application of SANS provides quantitative non-destructive identification of forming techniques in late Roman and early medieval pottery from Pannonia
Authors: Gait John , Bajnok Katalin , Hugot Nicolas , Horváth Friderika , Pépy Gérard , Ellis Darren , Len Adél 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWithin archaeological studies of ancient pottery, understanding the techniques used to form vessels from unfired clay provides significant information on the history of technology and economic systems, as well as wider cultural practices and social interactions. We introduce here a new analytical methodology, using small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) to investigate pottery forming techniques through the preferential orientation of nanoscale objects within pottery fabrics. Significantly, SANS is non-destructive, suitable for both coarse and fine-textured pottery fabrics, provides quantitative data, enables fast-throughput of samples, and is not significantly affected by surface modifications occurring after the primary forming stage. The use of SANS is systematically investigated through over 400 measurements of experimental vessels, and also compared with X-ray microtomography and neutron tomography. The results show that SANS can be used to differentiate wheel-throwing, coil-building, percussion-building, and coil-wheeling techniques. The archaeological application of SANS is demonstrated through a case study of 50 late Roman and early medieval (fourth–sixth century AD) pottery sherds from Hungary, spanning the collapse of the Western Roman Empire and the arrival of Barbarian polities into the region. The findings show a transition in production from predominantly wheel-throwing to coil-wheeling, but also coil-building, percussion-building, percussion-wheeling, and drawing. Such changes appear to reflect the disintegration of large-scale centrally organised Roman economic systems, and the diversification of production, consistent with the more diversified technological and cultural backgrounds of the producers themselves.
Dual‐state and self‐oscillating wireless charging system topology for direct‐drive battery
Authors: Li Bo , Zhang Bao , Xie Kai 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis study proposes a novel topology with bi‐stable controlling for wireless charging system (WCS). The advantage of the proposal is that a desired charging current can be directly output from rectifier without requiring charging current manager, thereby greatly simplifying the structure of the receiver. The proposed topology not only improves the transmission efficiency of system, but also reduces the loss and heat dissipation in the receiver. The principle of the topology is outlined and the circuitry model and control strategy are established and analyzed in detail. The innovation of this method lies in treating the coupler as a current transformer, which enables more direct and simpler controlling of the charging current. The experiment is conducted to verify that when the peak charging current is increased from 5A to 10A, the system efficiency is increased up to 82.0% and the receiver efficiency up to 96.7%. Both computational simulation and experimental validation have confirmed the feasibility of the proposed method. Compared with conventional WCS topology with compensation, the proposed method improves the system efficiency by 3% and the receiver efficiency by 5%, which is more suitable for practical applications where compact and light‐weight receiver is required.
The return of FarNet-II: Generation of solar far-side magnetograms from helioseismic data
Authors: Broock E. G. , Asensio Ramos A. , Felipe T. 
Published: October 2024

Context. The far-side activity of the Sun can be inferred by interpreting the near-side wave field using local helioseismic techniques. However, detections are limited to strongly active regions because signal-to-noise ratio of the data is low. Recently, we developed the FarNet and FarNet-II neural networks to improve the identification of active regions on far-side seismic maps.
Aims. We aim to use FarNet-II to leverage seismic data to infer far-side magnetograms, including the magnetic field strength and polarity.
Methods. We used FarNet-II to produce sequences of 11 consecutive binned magnetograms with a 12-hour cadence of a central section of the far side, where each pixel was assigned to one of nine possible classes that define its magnetic field and polarity. The inputs to the network are sequences of phase-shift maps of the same regions, computed using helioseismic holography. We trained the network using a cross-validation approach to estimate its reliability. The targets for the training and the cross-validation were obtained from near-side Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager magnetograms, taken half a rotation later than the seismic data. The metric we used for the evaluation is the volumetric Dice, a newly defined metric that measures the overlap between the outputs and the targets. The results were compared with Solar Orbiter data from a period with far-side coverage between May 2022 and September 2022.
Results. FarNet-II achieves an average volumetric Dice of 0.249, showing a good visual superposition between the targets and outputs of the network. The comparisons of the outputs and the Solar Orbiter magnetograms are also similar.
Conclusions. FarNet-II can correctly predict the level of activity and the polarity of far-side regions using near-side seismic data. This capability can be leveraged in space-weather forecasting.
Blazar S 0528+134 is possibly the most powerful emitter in the Universe, including in the range of gravitational waves
Authors: Volvach A. E. , Volvach L. N. , Larionov M. G. 
Published: October 2024

Aims. A new method of determining the parameters of close binary systems of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) and the level of gravitational waves (GWs) on the Earth’s surface are proposed.
Methods. Data are presented from long-term monitoring of possibly the most powerful emitter in the Universe, S 0528+134, at five frequencies in the radio range from 4.8 GHz to 37 GHz, obtained by the RT-22 radio telescope of the Radio Astronomy Laboratory CrAO in Simeiz, the RT-26 radio telescope at Michigan Observatory, and the 40 m radio telescope of the Owens Valley Radio Observatory.
Results. The dynamics of powerful flares that have occurred in the object since its discovery in a sky survey in 1970 were considered. The main physical characteristics of binary SMBHs located in the central regions of the system were obtained. These data were used to find the masses of the SMBH companions, the parameters of their orbits, the energy reserve of the system, and the lifetime of the object before the SMBHs’ merger. The level of GWs on the Earth’s surface was determined and the possibility of their detection by International Pulsar Timing Array (IPTA) GW detectors was considered.
Complete extraction of main pancreatic duct residual and microstones using an 8-wire basket catheter
Authors: Sagami Ryota , Mizukami Kazuhiro , Nishikiori Hidefumi , Sato Takao , Murakami Kazunari 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background and study aims Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL), pancreatoscopy-guided electrohydraulic lithotripsy (EHL), and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) are primary treatments for symptomatic main pancreatic duct (MPD) stones. However, incomplete clearance of residual/microstones post-treatment may cause symptom recurrence. We hypothesized that the 8-wire biliary basket catheter could be suitable for MPD stone extraction and aimed to analyze its ability to achieve more complete clearance of MPD residual/microstones.
Patients and methods Patients suspected of having MPD residual/microstones ≤ 5 mm because of abdominal symptoms, computed tomography examination results, and pancreatography results after previous therapy, including ERCP, EHL, and extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, were retrospectively enrolled. Patients with severe MPD stenosis/biliary obstruction requiring ERCP drainage were excluded. Extraction of residual/microstones was attempted using an 8-wire basket that is widely expandable in the narrow pancreatic duct and can capture and sweep stones in the narrow pancreatic duct. Technical success was defined as extraction of residual/microstones. The primary outcome was the technical success rate. Secondary outcomes were therapeutic details of stone extraction using the 8-wire basket catheter, including symptom improvements.
Results The technical success rate was 100% for seven patients; 1 to 8 residual/microstones were extracted. An improvement was observed in five patients with symptoms after the previous therapy. Three patients underwent residual stone extraction after extraction using a dedicated basket. No patient experienced symptom recurrence during the 270-day follow-up period.
Conclusions The 8-wire basket resulted in successful MPD residual/microstone extraction and pancreatic symptom improvement. This method may prevent symptom recurrence caused by incomplete residual/microstone clearance.
Choledochal Cyst and Right Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia: When to Intervene?
Authors: Landry Émilie Kate , Le-Nguyen Annie , Butler Elissa K. , Bouchard Sarah , Dubois Josée , Lemoine Caroline P. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPatients with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) can present with other congenital anomalies, but an associated choledochal cyst (CC) has rarely been described. The simultaneous diagnosis of both anomalies complicates patient management. There is no consensus on the ideal timing for CC excision. Unrepaired CC is associated with risks of developing biliary sludge, choledocholithiasis, and cholangitis. After a CDH repair with mesh, secondary bacterial translocation caused by a delayed CC repair could lead to mesh superinfection. Conversely, early CC surgical management could cause mesh displacement and lead to CDH recurrence, requiring reintervention. We present the rare case of a CC occurring in a neonate with a prenatally diagnosed right CDH. One month after an uncomplicated CDH repair with mesh, while the patient was still hospitalized for pulmonary hypertension, she developed progressive cholestasis and acholic stools. Investigations revealed a nonpreviously suspected CC. Conservative treatment was attempted, but CC perforation with secondary biliary peritonitis occurred. Open CC excision with a Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy was therefore performed on day of life (DOL) 41. Having suffered no short-term surgical complications, the patient was discharged on DOL 83 because of prolonged ventilatory support due to pulmonary hypertension. Now 12 months after surgery, she is doing well with normal liver function tests and imaging studies. In summary, CC should be considered in the differential diagnosis of progressive cholestasis in patients with CDH. Surgical repair of a symptomatic CC should not be delayed even in the presence of mesh given the risks of CC complications.
Curricular Redundancy in Medical Undergraduate Course: Critical Insights from Various Stakeholders in Medical Institutes in India
Authors: Barde Pradip B. , Parmar Naresh , Chitturi Vinay , Sharma Gaurav , Kathrotia Rajesh , Joshi Krupal , Naithani Manisha , Sharma Vivek Kumar 
Published: October 2024

Background Medical education is continuously evolving to keep pace with the dynamic field of medicine. This study addresses the issue of curricular redundancy in medical education, highlighting the necessity for periodic reviews to eliminate outdated or irrelevant topics.
Method A descriptive qualitative approach was employed, involving participants from various medical schools across India. An online questionnaire was used to gather data on redundant topics, suggested replacements, and improvements in the curriculum for both didactic and non-didactic subjects, along with inputs related to assessment and evaluation methods. Content analysis was used for thematic identification and qualitative interpretation.
Results Out of 71 respondents from a wide geographic distribution, 30% were female, and 70% were male, with an age range of 17 to 36 years. Participants expressed concerns about redundant theoretical (32%) and practical (51%) topics. Qualitative analysis highlighted the need for integrating different subjects and placing a stronger focus on practical clinical skills. Participants emphasized the importance of a curriculum that keeps pace with advancements in medicine, such as genomics and artificial intelligence, while also addressing mental health. Specifically, they suggested combining anatomy and surgery courses, incorporating more active learning techniques, and utilizing ongoing assessments to gauge progress.
Conclusion The study highlights the necessity of eliminating curricular redundancy in medical education. Recommendations include developing a flexible curriculum, emphasizing region-specific content, and implementing a formative assessment system. Additionally, the importance of faculty development and stakeholder involvement in curriculum design is emphasized.
Key Message
Key insights for updating the medical undergraduate curriculum include the following:
Intracranial Off-Midline Mature Teratoma and Pneumosinus Dilatans: A Unique Clinical Report
Authors: Demir Mustafa Kemal , Yapıcıer Ozlem , Kılıç Deniz , Kılıc Turker 
Published: October 2024

AbstractTeratomas typically arise as midline lesions in the suprasellar and pineal regions. Pneumosinus dilatans is a rare condition characterized by the expansion of one or more of the paranasal sinuses and thinning of their bony walls with a normal covering mucosa. It usually involves the sphenoid and posterior ethmoid sinuses and has been associated with meningiomas and arachnoid cysts. Off-midline mature teratomas are uncommon, and no reports have described an association with pneumosinus dilatans. We present a rare association between an intracranial off-midline mature teratoma and pneumosinus dilatans in an 18-year-old male patient who presented with a second episode of a left-sided seizure, which has not yet been reported in the literature.
Perspectives on virtual intercultural communication in the Irish-based technology sector
Authors: Flanagan Gail , Farr Fiona 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This mixed-methods study investigates English-medium oral online intercultural communication within the
Irish-based international technology sector. The initial phase of the research consisted of a survey investigating participants’
(N = 113) experiences of virtual communication. Following the survey, to linguistically investigate such
interactions, the International Virtual Team Corpus (IVT Corpus) was created. This corpus consists of approximately 80,000 words
of transcribed speech gathered from 30 web-based recordings of meetings, which include both Irish and international colleagues
speaking in English. This paper reports on some of the relevant quantitative and qualitative survey results, uncovering both
preconceptions and embodied experiences of international virtual meetings. Following this, it presents corpus-based results of
significant frequent and keyword clusters that provide a window into the discourse patterns of international virtual team meetings
in this sector. Some tentative implications and applications for work-based virtual communication are explored in the closing
discussion.
Strain-tunable electronic and magnetic properties of two-dimensional CrSBr material
Authors: Moaied Mohammed , Salem Mahmoud A 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) materials, particularly those with intrinsic magnetism, hold promise for next-generation spintronic devices due to their unique electronic and magnetic properties. This study investigates the impact of in-plane uniaxial and biaxial strain on the properties of monolayer CrSBr using density functional theory (DFT) and Monte Carlo (MC) simulations. We demonstrate that strain engineering can effectively modulate the electronic band structure and Curie temperature (Tc) of the CrSBr monolayer. Under uniaxial strains, transitions from indirect to direct bandgaps are observed, enhancing semiconductor characteristics. Importantly, compressive strain along the y-direction significantly increases Tc, potentially approaching room temperature. These findings highlight the role of strain manipulation in tailoring the functionality of 2D magnetic materials, crucial for advancing spintronics and nanoelectronic applications.
Output performance analysis of a piezoelectric micro nuclear battery powered by radioisotopes
Authors: Yang Ruikai , Wang Zhongqiang , Li Lingfeng , Wang Xingyu , Chen Yu , Peng Jianshe , Yang Jie , Yang Liu 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This paper investigates the output performance (output voltage, electrical energy output, power output) of a piezoelectric micro nuclear battery powered by radioisotopes. The theoretical formulations are base on Euler–Bernoulli beam theory and include the effects of load nonlinearity due to radioactive source. By employing extended Hamilton’s principle, the nonlinear electromechanical Lagrange equations are derived then solved by using Runge–Kutta method to obtain the dynamic output response. The results based on present electromechanical dynamic model are validated through direct comparisons with the results in the open literatures. The effects of initial gap, length of the piezoelectric layer, thickness of the collector and load impedance on the output voltage, energy output and power output of the piezoelectric micro nuclear battery are discussed in detail.
Heavy quark mass near the phase transition
Authors: Song Taesoo , Zhou Qi 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Assuming that the number densities of heavy flavor in hadron gas and in QGP are same at T

c
, we obtain the effective mass of heavy quark at T

c
from the comparison with the hadron resonance gas model which well describes particle yield in heavy-ion collisions. We find that charm quark mass at vanishing baryon chemical potential is around 1.8 GeV which is much heavier than QCD bare mass and close to D meson mass. The mass slightly increases with increasing baryon chemical potential and then decreases. On the other hand, anticharm quark mass constantly decreases with increasing baryon chemical potential. Bottom quark mass has a similar pattern. Extending the hadron resonance gas model to a bit higher temperature beyond T

c
, the effective masses of charm and bottom quarks decrease with increasing temperature.
Deep learning-based spectrum sensing and modulation categorization for efficient data transmission in cognitive radio
Authors: E Vargil Vijay , K Aparna 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
One prominent feature of cognitive radio (CR) involves spectrum sensing (SS), which allows licensed primary users to remain unaffected by secondary users’ ability to discover and exploit unoccupied frequency bands. Spectrum sensing enhances the use of spectrum in CR devices, increasing their adaptability and efficiency in wireless communication systems. The rise of wireless equipment and the advent of IoT technologies compound this need for flexibility. Over time, the fixed allocation of frequencies has led to inefficiencies and underutilization as bandwidth needs increase. Deep learning and artificial intelligence have improved spectrum sensing by increasing detection probability of primary users’ presence under noisy environments, enabling cognitive radio systems to respond intelligently to fluctuations in RF environments. This article is concerned with deep learning techniques for spectrum sensing and modulation categorization with CBRT structure, which combines convolutional neural networks (CNNs), bidirectional recurrent neural networks (BRNNs), and transformer networks (TNs) to improve spectrum sensing. CNNs are responsible for performing spectrum feature extraction; BRNNs are used to capture temporal dependencies; and TNs are good at long range dependencies. Better performance for this model is aimed by integrating the three architectures described. In the proposed work, six digital modulation schemes were considered, for spectrum sensing. The sensing of spectrum in this model is performed using the RadioML2016.10B open-source dataset and performance metrics like the Jaccard Index (JI), Fowlkes’s Mallows Index, and F1 Score. Modulation classification has been performed using MIGOU-MOD open-source dataset. The proposed model exhibits good detection probability and low sensing error, unlike other methods at lower SNR.
ECW assisted plasma startup with low toroidal electric field and full metal wall in EAST superconducting tokamak
Authors: Liu Wenbin , Qian Jinping , Sun Hongjuan , Kim Hyun-Tae , Chen Runze , Zhang Bin , Xu Handong , Luo Zhengping , Yu Yaowei , Gao Wei , Ti Ang , Zhao Hailin , Liu Haiqing , Wang Shouxin , Zhang Ling , Zuo Guizhong , Li Pan , Li Kedong , Jia Tianqi , Wang Zuhao , Wang Wei , Gaun Zhongfang , Guo Yutong , Gong Xianzu ,   the EAST Team
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Recent experimental results from the EAST superconducting tokamak with a full metal wall (without Li-coating) provide strong support for the ITER startup scheme with electron cyclotron wave (ECW) assistance. Detailed investigations were performed on the impact of different magnetic field geometries, including quadrupolar field configuration (QFC), wide null field configuration (NFC), and trapped particle configuration (TPC). All three configurations enabled the breakdown of neutral gas with ECW pre-ionization. However, in most discharges with QFC, the absence of closed flux surfaces after the breakdown was associated with unsuccessful plasma startups. Conversely, both NFC and TPC achieved successful plasma startups under normal conditions, with TPC demonstrating higher robustness against high impurity levels compared to NFC. Experiments found that the minimum ECW power required for a successful TPC startup is approximately 0.48 MW. Plasma startup failed if the prefill gas pressure exceeded optimal levels for a given ECW power (

⩾

0

.48

MW), with the critical gas pressure linearly dependent on the ECW power. Additionally, higher ECW power was required with increased impurity levels. With ECW assistance, the toroidal electric field at

R
=
1.85

m

in EAST routine operations (

<

0.15

V

m

−
1

) is significantly lower than ITER’s maximum value (0.3 V m−1), suggesting the possibility of reducing flux consumption and lowering demands on coils and power supplies for ITER.
Fast pressure crash related to m/n = 3/2 double tearing mode
Authors: Lu X.Q. , Guo W. , Ma Z.W. , Zhang W. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The CLT code is employed to quantitatively investigate how a single destabilization of the m/n = 3/2 double tearing mode (DTM) and sequential destabilizations of multi-DTMs affect the pressure crash. The focus is on the explosive reconnection process, characterized by kinetic energy bursts and the position exchange of islands on two resonant surfaces. For the first time, it has been demonstrated that pressure crashes related to the 3/2 DTM can be manipulatable by modifying the q-profile. Precursor bursts impact the behavior of the 3/2 DTM but do not significantly contribute to pressure collapse, which mainly occurs during the destabilization of the 3/2 DTM. The sequential reconnecting DTMs of different helicities culminating in a 3/2 DTM with a pressure crash may decrease the overall amplitude of the pressure crash, thereby mitigating the destructive impact of the pressure crash on plasma confinement.