bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Collaborate across silos: Perceived barriers to integration of care for the elderly from the perspectives of service providers
Authors: Lau Janice Ying‐Chui , Wong Eliza Lai‐Yi , Chung Roger Y. , Law Stephen C.K. , Threapleton Diane , Kiang Nicole , Chau Patsy , Wong Samuel Y.S. , Woo Jean , Yeoh Eng‐Kiong 
Published: April 2018

SummaryPurposeTo examine the barriers that hinder collaboration between health care and social care services and to report recommendations for effective collaboration to meet the growing support and care needs of our ageing population.MethodsData for this qualitative study were obtained from interviews with 7 key informants (n = 42) and 22 focus groups (n = 117) consisting of service providers who were from the health care or social care sectors and supporting elderly patients with multiple chronic diseases or long‐term care needs. Data collection was conducted from 2015 to 2016. The data were analysed using an inductive approach on the basis of thematic analysis.FindingsQualitative analysis reviewed a number of factors that play a significant role in setting up barriers at the operational level, including fragmentation and lack of sustainability of discharge programmes provided by non‐governmental organisations, lack of capacity of homes for the elderly, limitation of time and resources, and variation of roles in supporting end‐of‐life care decisions between the medical and social sectors. Other barriers are those of communication to be found at the structural level and perceptual ones that exist between professionals. Of these, perceptual barriers affect attitudes and create mistrust and interprofessional stereotypes and a hierarchy between the health care and social care sectors.ConclusionHealth care and social care service providers recognise the need for collaborative work to enhance continuity of care and ageing in place; however, their efforts are hindered by the identified barriers that need to be dealt with in practical terms and by a change of policy.
Serum carbohydrate antigen 153 and renal function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Peng You‐Fan , Lin Hao , Han Man‐Man , Li Ling 
Published: April 2018

ObjectiveThe aim of our study was to investigate the correlation between serum carbohydrate antigen 153 (CA153) and renal function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).MethodsA total of 184 patients with T2DM were included, and renal function was assessed by the modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD) formula adjusted coefficient of the Chinese people.ResultsSerum CA153 concentrations were positively correlated with blood glucose (BG) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (r = .204, P = .005; r = .165, P = .025) in patients with T2DM. There was a negative correlation between serum CA153 and estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) (r = −.229, P = .002) in whole patients with T2DM; similarly, the correlations were observed in both women and men (r = −.228, P = .028 for women, r = −.231, P = .028 for men). Multiple linear regression analysis suggested that serum CA153 was still significantly correlated with estimated GFR (beta = −0.286, P < .001).ConclusionsSerum CA153 is negatively correlated with estimated GFR in patients with T2DM, and serum CA153 may be a potentially useful clinical biomarker to assess renal function in the study population.
Foliar anatomy and microscopy of six Brazilian species of Baccharis (Asteraceae)
Authors: Budel J. M. , Raman V. , Monteiro L. M. , Almeida V. P. , Bobek V. B. , Heiden G. , Takeda I. J. M. , Khan I. A. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractWe report for the first time the presence of cluster crystals of calcium oxalate within the glandular trichomes and oil bodies in the mesophyll for Baccharis species. Moreover, the comparative leaf anatomy and micro‐morphology of six species of Baccharis, namely B. illinita, B. microdonta, B. pauciflosculosa, B. punctulata, B. reticularioides, and B. sphenophylla is investigated by light and scanning electron microscopy. The studied species exhibited differences in their leaf anatomical features such as the morphology of the cuticle, type and occurrence of the stomata, presence or absence of glandular trichomes, shape of the flagelliform trichomes, and the arrangement of the mesophyll tissues. These differences can be helpful in the species identification and classification and could represent informative characters for the reconstruction of the evolution of the genus.
Nutrition Therapy in Australia and New Zealand Intensive Care Units: An International Comparison Study
Authors: Ridley Emma J. , Peake Sandra L. , Jarvis Matthew , Deane Adam M. , Lange Kylie , Davies Andrew R. , Chapman Marianne , Heyland Daren 
Published: April 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe Augmented Versus Routine Approach to Giving Energy Trial (TARGET) is the largest blinded enteral nutrition (EN) intervention trial evaluating energy delivery to be conducted in the critically ill. To determine the external validity of TARGET results, nutrition practices in intensive care units (ICUs) in Australia and New Zealand (ANZ) are described and compared with international practices.MethodsThis was a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data for the International Nutrition Surveys, 2007–2013. Data are presented as mean (SD).ResultsA total of 17,154 patients (ANZ: n = 2776 vs international n = 14,378) from 923 ICUs (146 and 777, respectively) were included. EN was the most common route of feeding (ANZ: 85%, n = 2365 patients vs international: 84%, n = 12,034; P = .258), and EN concentration was also similar (<1.25 kcal/mL ANZ: 70%, n = 12,396 vs international: 65%, n = 56,891 administrations; P < .001). Protein delivery was substantially below the estimated prescriptions but similar between the regions (0.6 [0.4] g/kg/day vs 0.6 [0.4] g/kg/day; P = .849). Patients in ANZ received slightly more energy (1133 [572] vs 948[536] kcal/day; P < .001), possibly because more energy was prescribed (1947 [348] vs 1747 [376] kcal/day; P < .001), nutrition protocols were more commonly used (98% vs 75%; P < .001) and included recommendations for therapies such as prokinetic agents (87% vs 51%, n = 399; P < .001) and small bowel feeding (62% vs 40%; P < .001) when compared with international ICUs.ConclusionsKey elements of nutrition practice are similar in ANZ and international ICUs. These data can be used to determine the external validity and relevance of TARGET results.
Targeted Full Energy and Protein Delivery in Critically Ill Patients: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial (FEED Trial)
Authors: Fetterplace Kate , Deane Adam M. , Tierney Audrey , Beach Lisa J. , Knight Laura D. , Presneill Jeffrey , Rechnitzer Thomas , Forsyth Adrienne , Gill Benjamin M. T. , Mourtzakis Marina , MacIsaac Christopher 
Published: April 2018

AbstractBackgroundInternational guidelines recommend greater protein delivery to critically ill patients than they currently receive. This pilot randomized clinical trial aimed to determine whether a volume‐target enteral protocol with supplemental protein delivered greater amounts of protein and energy to critically ill patients compared with standard care.MethodsSixty participants received either the intervention (volume‐based protocol, with protein supplementation) or standard nutrition care (hourly‐rate‐based protocol, without protein supplementation) in the intensive care unit (ICU). Coprimary outcomes were average daily protein and energy delivery. Secondary outcomes included change in quadriceps muscle layer thickness (QMLT, ultrasound) and malnutrition (subjective global assessment) at ICU discharge.ResultsMean (SD) protein and energy delivery per day from nutrition therapy for the intervention were 1.2 (0.30) g/kg and 21 (5.2) kcal/kg compared with 0.75 (0.11) g/kg and 18 (2.7) kcal/kg for standard care. The mean difference between groups in protein and energy delivery per day was 0.45 g/kg (95% CI, 0.33–0.56; P < .001) and 2.8 kcal/kg (95% CI, 0.67–4.9, P = .01). Muscle loss (QMLT) at discharge was attenuated by 0.22 cm (95% CI, 0.06–0.38, P = .01) in patients receiving the intervention compared with standard care. The number of malnourished patients was fewer in the intervention [2 (7%) vs 8 (28%); P = .04]. Mortality and duration of admission were similar between groups.ConclusionsA high‐protein volume‐based protocol with protein supplementation delivered greater amounts of protein and energy. This intervention was associated with attenuation of QMLT loss and reduced prevalence of malnutrition at ICU discharge.
Synthesis and Assessment of a CO2‐Switchable Foaming Agent Used in Drilling Fluids for Underbalanced Drilling
Authors: Su Junlin , Dong Wenxin , Zhou Sulin , Deng Mingyi 
Published: April 2018

AbstractIn underbalanced drilling, a switchable foam fluid is essential to reduce the drilling cost. A switchable foaming agent was synthesized by carbonyl–amine condensation and characterized by Fourier transform infrared and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry showed that the tolerable temperature limit of the surfactant was 128 °C. The effectiveness of CO2/N2 switching was confirmed by analysis of the electrical conductivity and surface tension. Utilizing the foaming agent, 3 different foam systems (unstable, stable, and hard) were designed for drilling after formula optimization. Experimentally, the self‐circulation indicated that the foaming fluids still maintained great foaming performance even after multiple cycles. The experiment also indicated that the suspension of the foam systems was 50–90 times that of water and had a significant resistance to salts (NaCl, CaCl2). Besides, the foam systems found that the suitable foaming temperature was 40–100 °C and that the hard foam system could maintain the foaming performance up to 120 °C. In the oil resistance experiment, the foaming ability of the foam systems decreased obviously above a kerosene content of 5% (w/v), whereas a certain foaming performance still could be ensured below 10% kerosene.
Effects of Polyether Surfactants on Dynamic Interfacial Tension of Betaine Solutions against Crude Oil
Authors: Ruan Chong‐Yu , Zhang Guo‐Shan , Zhou Zhao‐Hui , Zhang Qun , Situ Wei‐Xian , Zhang Lei , Zhu Yan , Zhang Lu 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe dynamic interfacial tension (IFT) of betaine and betaine/polyether‐nonionic surfactant‐mixed systems against hydrocarbons, kerosene, and crude oil–water was studied using a spinning‐drop tensiometer. The influence of average molecular weight of polyether‐nonionic surfactants on IFT of mixed solutions was investigated. On the basis of the experimental results, one can find that it is difficult to reach the ultralow IFT value for betaine solution against hydrocarbon and kerosene because of the mismatch between the hydrophobic and hydrophilic groups. After purification, kerosene still contains a small amount of carboxyl groups, which can exert a synergistic effect on surfactants resulting in a lower IFT. The IFT of betaine and mixtures against Daqing crude oil can reach an ultralow value because of the mixed adsorption of surfactant and petroleum soap molecules. For mixed solutions, with the increasing concentration of added polyether, the decrease of petroleum soaps at the oil–water interface results in the destruction of synergistic effects.
Development of middle size full in‐cell LCD module for PC with IGZO
Authors: Hata Masayuki , Tanaka Kohei , Watanabe Takuya , Noma Mikihiro , Tagawa Akira , Yoshida Keisuke , Yamamoto Kaoru , Nagata Kosuke , Miyazaki Shinichi , Kitagawa Daiji 
Published: April 2018

AbstractWe developed the world's first middle size full in‐cell LCD for PC with IGZO technology. We evaluated a new Gate driver In Panel structure with latch circuit and confirmed that there were no problems with display and touch panel performance. Furthermore, we did a feasibility study of higher display resolutions and larger size panels, which showed future possibilities.
Nitrogen fixation rates diagnosed from diurnal changes in elemental stoichiometry
Authors: Follett Christopher L. , White Angelicque E. , Wilson Samuel T. , Follows Michael J. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus (C, N, and P, respectively) composition and elemental ratios were measured in the 20–200 μm size fraction during July 2015 in the surface waters of an anticyclonic eddy encountered north of Hawaii in the oligotrophic North Pacific Subtropical Gyre. The observed particulate N : P ratio fluctuated by approximately a factor of two over the diel cycle. We present a simple mathematical argument connecting this change to a rate of biological nitrogen fixation, and calculate the nitrogen fixation rate to be ≥ 13 nmol L−1 d−1 for this size class. This value is higher than simultaneous bottle‐incubation based rates measured with isotopic tracers, yet is consistent with historic rate measurements from the region. As confirmation of our methods, diurnal changes in C : N : P of laboratory cultures of the diazotrophic genus Trichodesmium were measured. In the laboratory, we show that estimates of nitrogen fixation from stoichiometric time series are equivalent to those derived directly from mass balance. The disparity between nitrogen fixation rates derived from tracer measurements and particulate stoichiometry in the field suggests that large diazotrophs may be underestimated in small volume (∼ 4 L) bottle incubations as a result of either spatial heterogeneity or vertical migration of large cells. Otherwise, processes other than diazotrophy must cause the observed changes in stoichiometry. This approach represents a novel and scalable means of quantifying in situ nitrogen fixation rates from diurnal changes in size‐fractionated stoichiometry. We also infer carbon fixation, growth rates, and phosphorus uptake in the 20–200 μm size class.
Calculation of turbulent dissipation rate with acoustic Doppler velocimeter
Authors: Huang Chuan Jiang , Ma Hongyu , Guo Jingsong , Dai Dejun , Qiao Fangli 
Published: April 2018

AbstractTurbulent dissipation rates are calculated from an acoustic Doppler velocimeter by fitting the measured wavenumber spectrum to a universal turbulence spectrum. A combination of the Butterworth filter and empirical model decomposition is employed to reduce Doppler noise and high‐frequency fluctuations. Different from the classical inertial subrange dissipation method fitting to the Kolmogorov − 5/3 slope, we propose the method here which can make longer available spectrum bands. We analyzed 408 bursts with turbulent dissipation rates ranging from 10−8 to 10−5 W kg−1 as measured in the coastal ocean of the South China Sea and found for all of these bursts, features of the clean spectrum can be resolved to the dissipation range of turbulence, in which about 15% bursts can be resolved to the Kolmogorov wavenumber, and 51% to 1/2 Kolmogorov wavenumber. Comparisons of this method with the inertial subrange method indicated that its estimated turbulent dissipation rates were somewhat smaller than those from the inertial subrange method in most of the bursts. Their ratios had a mean value of 0.77, which is typical for oceanic turbulence measurements.
Hemocompatible and Bioactive Heparin‐Loaded PCL‐α‐TCP Fibrous Membranes for Bone Tissue Engineering
Authors: Alehosseini Morteza , Golafshan Nasim , Kharaziha Mahshid , Fathi Mohammadhossein , Edris Hossein 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe combination of bioactive components such as calcium phosphates and fibrous structures are encouraging niche‐mimetic keys for restoring bone defects. However, the importance of hemocompatibility of the membranes is widely ignored. Heparin‐loaded nanocomposite poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL)‐α‐tricalcium phosphate (α‐TCP) fibrous membranes are developed to provide bioactive and hemocompatible constructs for bone tissue engineering. Nanocomposite membranes are optimized based on bioactivity, mechanical properties, and cell interaction. Consequently, various concentrations of heparin molecules are loaded within nanocomposite fibrous membranes. In vitro heparin release profiles reveal a sustained release of heparin over the period of 14 days without an initial burst. Moreover, heparin encapsulation enhances mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) attachment and proliferation, depending on the heparin content. It is concluded that the incorporation of heparin within TCP–PCL fibrous membranes provides the most effective cellular interactions through synergistic physical and chemical cues.
The influences of various mixed dielectric fluids on the performance electrical discharge machining of AISI D2 hardened steel
Authors: Lajis M.A. , Hosni N.A.J. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThis research mainly explores the influence of various mixed dielectric fluids on the performance of electrical discharge machining of AISI D2 hardened steels. In this investigation, four types of dielectric fluids such as pure kerosene, kerosene and chromium powder mixed, kerosene and Span‐20 surfactant and the combination of kerosene with chromium powder and Span‐20 surfactant were studied. The obtained results illustrated that the addition of chromium powder and Span‐20 surfactant in the dielectric fluid obtained high material removal rate, low electrode wear rate and good surface finish. The presence of chromium powder will stabilize the gap distance between electrodes which promotes the occurrence of multiple discharges in one input pulse and particle agglomeration is reduced after Span‐20 surfactant molecules cover the surface of debris and carbon dregs in kerosene solution. Combination of kerosene with chromium and Span‐20 surfactant were found significant to improve the effects of carbon accumulation and drag discharge, and reduce unstable concentrated discharge.
The role of nanomaterials in the enhancement of non‐concentrating solar collectors technology
Authors: Shamshirgaran S.R. , Assadi M.K. , Al‐Kayiem H.H. , Sharma K.V. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe comparison of various nanomaterials’ effects on the performance of solar flat‐plate collectors has not been drawn thoroughly in the reported literature. In this paper, modeling of a solar flat‐plate collectors working with the mixture of water and different non‐metallic and metallic nanomaterials has been carried out by means of MATLAB coding. A more appropriate exergy factor of solar radiation has been applied for exergy analysis; the pressure loss in collectors manifolds has been considered as well. Results show that uncommonly used cerium oxide, hybrid magnesium oxide/silver, and titanium carbide nanomaterials in flat‐plate collector and commonly used ones such as copper oxide, nickel, iron, and copper have the potential to increase the heat transfer coefficient of the collector understudy. The value has been reported by the present study to be 90 % for cerium oxide case. Accordingly, an improvement in energy efficiency up to 73 % has been achieved at 4 vol.%. As another outcome, the application of these nanoparticles enhances the exergy destruction within the collector. Therefore, it would be advantageous for the environment by paying attention to the environmental impacts of exergy loss. Thus, employing nanomaterial science would help to advance the solar flat‐plate collector engineering technology through higher energy productivity and lower environmental destructive impacts.
The influence of CO2 accelerated carbonation on alkali‐activated fly ash cement under elevated temperature and pressure
Authors: Ridha S. , Setiawan R.A. , Hamid A.I. Abd , Shahari A.R. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractAn alternative of wellbore cement system, formed through alkali‐activation of fly ashes also knows as fly ash geopolymers, provides attractive properties due to its high compressive strength and durability against acidic conditions. However, changes in microstructure and mineralogical during accelerated carbonation affected by CO2 alteration under elevated temperature and pressure have not been fully understood. This paper investigates and characterizes the alkali‐activated binders fly ash based in the acidic environment under elevated temperature and pressure. The results found that scales such a layer was formed in the gel phase at the spherical surface of fly ash after carbonation process. The effect is that the surface of the gel phase became rough and porous. Carbonate and/or bicarbonate salts were identified as major phase in the sample after immersion test. In the activated fly ash cement, both calcium aluminate silicate hydrate (C–A–S–H) and sodium aluminosilicate hydrate (N–A–S–H) gels were formed; C–A–S–H gel was decalcified, forming calcium carbonate phase in the form of calcite, aragonite or vaterite. These findings were confirmed by the analysis and identification of Fourier‐transformed infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy tests on the changes in the cement system.
Krylov methods for low‐rank commuting generalized Sylvester equations
Authors: Jarlebring Elias , Mele Giampaolo , Palitta Davide , Ringh Emil 
Published: April 2018

SummaryWe consider generalizations of the Sylvester matrix equation, consisting of the sum of a Sylvester operator and a linear operator Π with a particular structure. More precisely, the commutators of the matrix coefficients of the operator Π and the Sylvester operator coefficients are assumed to be matrices with low rank. We show (under certain additional conditions) low‐rank approximability of this problem, that is, the solution to this matrix equation can be approximated with a low‐rank matrix. Projection methods have successfully been used to solve other matrix equations with low‐rank approximability. We propose a new projection method for this class of matrix equations. The choice of the subspace is a crucial ingredient for any projection method for matrix equations. Our method is based on an adaption and extension of the extended Krylov subspace method for Sylvester equations. A constructive choice of the starting vector/block is derived from the low‐rank commutators. We illustrate the effectiveness of our method by solving large‐scale matrix equations arising from applications in control theory and the discretization of PDEs. The advantages of our approach in comparison to other methods are also illustrated.
Observer‐based tracking controller design for quasi‐one‐sided Lipschitz nonlinear systems
Authors: Yadegar Meysam , Davoodi Mohammadreza 
Published: April 2018

SummaryIn this paper, the observer‐based controller design problem for tracking a constant reference input for quasi‐one‐sided Lipschitz nonlinear systems is considered. For this purpose, at first, a state feedback controller is proposed and sufficient conditions for solvability of the problem are obtained in terms of linear matrix inequality feasibility conditions. Then, an observer for estimating the states of the system is designed. Subsequently, it is shown that the separation principle for the proposed feedback controller holds, and consequently, the designing of the state feedback controller and the observer can be done separately. Simulation results are given to verify the effectiveness of the proposed methodology.