bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relación logística entre la diversidad de especies arbóreas de áreas naturales y los asentamientos humanos del trópico de México
Authors: Martínez-Sánchez José Luis 
Published: April 2019

Antecedentes y Objetivos: Bajo el crecimiento poblacional, las áreas naturales protegidas (ANPs) representan refugios para las especies; sin embargo, han sido impactadas por asentamientos humanos a <50 km de distancia. Derivado de la escasez de información en México, se analizó el efecto de la distancia y densidad del asentamiento poblacional sobre la diversidad arbórea de áreas naturales tropicales, en forma global y por tipo de vegetación, y sobre su superficie forestal circundante.Métodos: Mediante una búsqueda en Google Scholar™, se seleccionaron documentos sobre cuatro tipos de selva y dos de bosque tropical en México. En total se extrajeron 109 valores de área de muestreo, superficie del macizo forestal, DAP, diversidad α, índice de Shannon, Simpson, equidad, distancia a la población más cercana, tamaño poblacional y antigüedad del decreto de protección. La diversidad α se estandarizó para 1 cm DAP y 1 ha. La relación área muestreada-diversidad se analizó mediante regresión logarítmica, y la relación diversidad biológica-distancia y tamaño poblacional mediante regresión logística.Resultados clave: En el análisis de 73 datos de diversidad, se encontró que la diversidad α estuvo relacionada positivamente con la distancia y negativamente con el tamaño de la población más cercana a las áreas naturales no protegidas. A medida que la distancia a la población más cercana aumenta, la diversidad α aumenta, y a medida que el tamaño de la población aumenta, la diversidad α disminuye. Estas relaciones se presentaron individualmente también con tres selvas y un bosque. Por el contrario, en el análisis de 36 datos de diversidad para las ANPs, no hubo relación.Conclusiones: La distancia y densidad de la población más cercana al área natural afectan la diversidad arbórea; ésta en 40 años ha disminuido 11.4% en los sitios aquí analizados. Se discute cómo las ANPs parecen funcionar en la conservación de los recursos biológicos en el trópico de México.
ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF ALKALOID EXTRACT OF CUCUMIS TRIGONUS ROXB
Authors: H PRATIMA 
Published: April 2019

Objective: To evaluate the antioxidant and antibacterial efficiency of alkaloids of root, leaf, and fruit of Cucumis trigonus.
Methods: The antioxidant and antibacterial properties of alkaloid extracts were assessed by ferric thiocynate (FTC), 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay, hydrogen peroxide radical scavenging assay, superoxide radical scavenging activity and ferric reducing power were analyzed separately for its inhibition percentage at different concentration (20µg, 30µg, 40µg and 50µg/ml) and antibacterial activity by agar disc diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against Staphylococcus aureus (MTCC Code-9886), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MTCC Code-6458).
Results: The highest percentage of extraction yield was observed in fruit followed by leaf and root. The maximum content of alkaloid was found in fruit and root compared to leaf. The scavenging efficiencies of the extracts increased with the increasing concentrations. Appreciable levels of total antioxidant activity by FTC (2.112±0.011%), DPPH radical scavenging activity (1.912±0.001%), superoxide radical scavenging activity (0.955±0.021%) and hydrogen peroxide radical scavenging activity (0.914±0.087 %) were observed at 50µg/ml of fruit extract. However, ferric reducing power was more in the root (0.893±0.0870%) compared to fruit (0.791±0.023%) and leaf (0.520±0.00 %) at 50µg/ml. The alkaloid extracts of root and fruit exhibited more antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (16.51±0.05 and 19.68±0.03 mm) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (12.2±0.03 and14.2±0.06) at 100µg/ml than leaf. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the root, leaf, and fruit was in the range of 3.125µg/ml to 35µg/ml for the pathogenic bacteria.
Conclusion: Data from the present results revealed that the alkaloid extracts of fruit and root of C. trigonus show good antioxidant and antibacterial potential than leaf. Hence, may be explored for the formation of new antibacterial with antioxidant drugs.
A STUDY ON EVALUATION OF POTASSIUM ABNORMALITIES IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Authors: MAYEE K. RAWHEENA , Maheshwaram Vidhya , Kamjula Sahithya , Srujana K. , Vasa Naveen Kumar , Yerramilli Aparna , Sharma Sanjeev 
Published: April 2019

Objective: To study the occurrence, causes, predisposing factors and management of potassium abnormalities in a tertiary care hospital.
Methods: Inour studywhich was for aduration of six months, we recorded patient demographics, electrolyte levels, complete blood picture, liver function tests, renal parameters, comorbid conditions,medication reconciliation and electro cardio gram (ECG) changes. The data was analyzed to find out the cause for potassium abnormality and was categorize based on their severity.
Results:A total of 200 cases of potassium abnormalities was normalized during the study period. We observed158(80%)cases with hypokalemia, 37 (17%) cases with hyperkalemia and 5 (3%) caseswith subsequentPotassium abnormalities. We observed the majority of hypokalemiaarewith disease induced 87(55.06%) cases and 118 (74.0%)cases were with mild hypokalemia. Syruppotassium chloride was usedto normalize the serum potassium levels. Majority of the hyperkalemia cases were disease induced and was found in 19(51.35%)cases and 22 (59.45%) casescome under mild categorywhich was managed with injection calciumgluconate.
Conclusion: Hypokalemia was the most common potassium abnormality seen in hospitalized patients.Disease inducedpotassium abnormalitieswas found to be more common in both hypo and hyperkalemia. The potassium levels were normalized with no major negative outcomes. Continuous monitoring of electrolyte levels is required for the patient to prevent further complications.
GCMS ANALYSIS OF ENDOPHYTIC FUNGI CURVULARIA AERIA MTCC-12847 ISOLATED FROM TRIBULUS TERRESTRIS L.
Authors: Sahani Kamana , THAKUR DEEPENDRA 
Published: April 2019

Objective: The objective of the present investigation was to perform the Gas Chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS) analysis of endophytic fungi Curvularia aeria MTCC-12847 isolated from Tribulus terrestris L. to find out the active compound present in the extract.
Methods: The endophytic fungi were isolated from the plant Tribulus Terrestris L., leaf which was cultivated in optimized media for the production of secondary metabolites and was extracted using ethyl acetate. Ethyl acetate extract was used for the Gas Chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS) analysis.
Results: GC-MS analysis of ethyl acetate extract of endophytic fungi revealed the presence of various secondary metabolites, the highest amount present was Palmitic acid (24.54%) and Lowest was Dimethyl 1-phenyl-7-methyl-1-hydroxy-1,4-dihydronaphthalene-2,3-dicarboxylate (5.76%).
Conclusion: The endophytic fungal Curvularia aeria MTCC-12847 extract isolated from the Tribulus terrestris L. shows the presence of various bioactive compounds.
DEVELOPMENT AND IN VITRO EVALUATION OF A NEW TOPICAL O/W EMULGEL FROM FRUIT EXTRACT OF PYRUS COMMUNIS
Authors: KHILJEE TANZILA , AKHTAR NAVEED 
Published: April 2019

Objective: The aim of the present study was to develop a new topical dosage form containing Pyrus communis fruit extract. Developed formulation was O/W Emulgel which was evaluated by its in vitro tests and its stability studies at different storage conditions.
Methods: Hydroalcoholic Pyrus communis extract was prepared by the maceration process. A 4% Pyrus communis emulgel was prepared by the combination of emulsion and gel at a specific temperature and mixing through homogenizers. The formulations having different concentration of carbopol 940 (gelling agent) were placed at 8 °C, 25 °C, 40 °C and 40 °C+75%RH for 3 mo in order to find out the most stable formulation. After the selection of final emulgel formulation was eventually further evaluated for in vitro studies such as phase separation, centrifugation, rheology, pH, conductivity, organoleptic properties and mean droplet size over a period of 12 w at 8 °C, 25 °C, 40 °C and 40 °C+75%RH.
Results: In vitro evaluation of the selected Pyrus communis emulgel formulation showed good resistance to phase separation on centrifugation, conductivity gradually increases due to oil in water emulgel and pH of formulation was gradually decreased. The rheological behavior was non-Newtonian pseudoplastic and showed shear thinning fluid behavior. Mean droplet size of Pyrus communis emulgel was 16.0±0.20 µm and after 90 d droplet size was 16.7±0.55 µm at high storage temperatures at 40 °C and 40 °C+75RH and no significant changes were observed at normal storage conditions at 8 °C and 25 °C.
Conclusion: Pyrus communis emulgel fresh fruit extract showed stable formulation at different storage conditions. This new formulation will be a good addition to pharmaceutical dosage forms made from traditionally used plants.
THE MODULATING EFFECT OF BARLEY β-GLUCAN EXTRACT ON HIGH FAT DIET INDUCED OBESITY-A BIOCHEMICAL STUDY IN ALBINO WISTAR RATS
Authors: Mohammad Mumtaz Khan , Padmanabhan Monika 
Published: April 2019

Objective: Diet-inducedhyperlipidemia and obesity are the major risk factors for type II diabetes mellitus, hypertension, musculoskeletal and cardiovascular disorders (CVD). The objective of the present study is to furnish scientific proof for the lipid-lowering effect of β-glucan, a lead compound present in barley with a defined mechanism of action.
Methods: Obesity was induced in male albino Wistar rats by feeding ahigh-fat diet (HFD) for 14 w and were randomly divided into four groups of equal number (n=6). Group 1 and 2 served as control fed with normal diet (5% fat). Group 3 and 4 were fed HFD (23%fat) for 14 w. In addition, group 2 and 4 rats were administered orally with 200 mg/kg body weight of barley β glucan (BRBG) from the third week. After 14 w, the rats were sacrificed, and serum/plasma levels of total cholesterol (TC), phospholipids, triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and adiponectin were determined.
Results: Biochemical changes were observed in weight gain, body mass index (BMI),adiposity index (ADI), total fat pad mass (TFP), blood lipids, LDL, lipid peroxides (LPO) and antioxidant enzyme activity of HFD fed rats when compared with BRBG co-administered rats. In addition, serum adiponectin levels and 3-hydroxy-3methyl-glutaryl-coenzyme Areductase(HMG CoA reductase)activity were elevated in rats administered BRBG along with HFD. Histological examination in HFD induced rats revealed a profound change in cell size with increased hypertrophy in visceral adipose tissue.
Conclusions: The results indicate that barley consumption could reverse most of these biochemical and histological changes in HFD fed rats owing to its hypolipidemic and antioxidant effect.
Avaliação e otimização das condições de obtenção do ácido acetilsalicílico para fins didáticos
Authors: Schneider da Luz Leslie Tauany , Adams Angnes Gomes Sandra Inês , Casturina Mendes Sandri Marilei , De Mello Flávia , Bolzan Juliana Aparecida 
Published: April 2019

A síntese do ácido acetilsalicílico (AAS) é muito empregada em aulas experimentais de Química para explorar o ensino de reações nucleofílicas e o processo de purificação por recristalização. Considerando a diversidade de protocolos disponíveis na literatura, com divergências nas condições experimentais, este trabalho teve como objetivo otimizar as condições de tempo e temperatura da síntese do AAS e, concomitante, melhorar a verdura química do processo visando maior eficiência mássica e energética, de acordo com os princípios 1, 2 e 6 da Química Verde (QV). Para isso, propôs-se a síntese de AAS a temperaturas de 40 °C, 50 °C, 60 °C, 70 °C, 80 e 90 °C durante 10, 20, 30 e 40 minutos de reação. Os resultados apontam que o AAS obtido em 20 minutos a 80°C apresentou os melhores resultados: um bom rendimento, 77,70 ± 0,01 %, com ponto de fusão 133 °C-134 °C, com Eficiência de Massa 24 % e Fator E 3,10; as melhores métricas de energia, <em>Throughput</em> 0,101 g min<sup>-1</sup><em>, </em>Intensidade de Tempo 9,869 min g<sup>-1</sup>, Intensidade de Energia 0,073 Kw h g<sup>-1</sup> e o menor consumo de energia, 0,1485 KWh, um ganho de eficiência energética de aproximadamente 200 %, contribuindo principalmente com melhorias no P6 da QV.
Upaya Peningkatan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis dan Hasil Belajar Melalui Model Pembelajaran Cooperative Learning Tipe Jigsaw
Authors: Widia Sari Avita , C. Relmasira Stefanus , Asri Hardini Agustina Tyas 
Published: April 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis dan hasil belajar siswa melalui model pembelajaran Cooperative Learning Tipe Jigsaw,pada mata pelajaran tematik tema 6 panas dan perpindahanya pada kelas V semester II. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Data penelitian diperoleh melalui wawancara, non tes (observasi), tes, dan studi dokumen. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas V SD Negeri Noborejo 01 Kecamatan Argomulyo Kota Salatiga sebanyak 39 siswa. Prosedur kegiatan meliputi empat tahapan yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi, refleksi melalui dua siklus pembelajaran, terdapat refleksi pada tindakan siklus I kemudian dilakukan perbaikan pada tindakan siklus II, setiap siklus terdiri dari 3 pertemuan. Pada siklus I persentase kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa 87%, kemudian meningkat menjadi 97 % pada siklus II. Peningkatan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa juga berdampak pada hasil belajar siswa, dimana siklus I jumlah ketercapaian hanya 80% dari jumlah siswa meningkat menjadi 94% pada siklus II. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa dengan penerapan langkah-langkah model pembelajaran Cooperative Learning Tipe Jigsaw dapat meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis dan hasil belajar pada pembelajaran tematik tema 6 panas dan perpindahanya siswaV SD Negeri Noborejo 01
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Inkuiri Terbimbing Sebagai Upaya Meningkatkan Prestasi Belajar IPA Siswa
Authors: Warsiki Ni Made 
Published: April 2019

Tujuan penelitian tindakan kelas ini adalah untuk meningkatkan aktivitas dan prestasi belajar siswa dalam pembelajaran IPA melalui Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Inkuiri Terbimbing. Data penelitian dikumpulkan melalui observasi aktivitas siswa dalam proses pembelajaran dan tes prestasi belajar, yang selanjutnya dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif unruk data aktivitas siswa dalam proses pembelajaran, serta deskriptif kuantitatif untuk data hassil test prestasi belajar. Data disajikan dalam bentuk rata-rata dan prosesntase ketuntasan belajar. Penerapan model pembelajaran Inkuiri Termimbing secara positif dapat merubah kualitias pembelajaran IPA, dibuktikan dengan adanya perkembangan prestasi belajar. Pada awalnya rata-rata prestasi belajar siswa hanya 72,48 dengan ketuntasan belajar hanya 44,74 %, selanjutnya setelah pelaksanaan Siklus I rata-rata prestasi belajar meningkat menjadi 77,33 Ketuntasan belajar juga terjadi peningkatan sehingga mencapai 73,68%. Pada Siklus II rata-rata prestasi belajar mencapai rata-rata 79,62 dan ketuntasan belajar 89,47 %. Kesimpulan yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Inkuiri Terbimbing dapat meningkatkan prestasi belajar IPA siswa pada kelas IX-7 SMP Negeri 2 Singaraja smester ganjil tahun pelajaran 2017/2018
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah Berbantu Media Gambar Guna Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar
Authors: Dewi Yunita , Hosein Radia Elvira 
Published: April 2019

Tujuan peneltian ini untuk mengetahui adanya peningkatan adanya peningkatan hasil belajara tema 6 subtema 2 pembelajaran 1 dan 2 siswa kelas IV SD N Mangunsari 02 Salatiga menggunakan model pembelajaran berbasiskan masalah (PBL). Jenis penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK). hasil penelitian yang diperoleh dari siswa kelas IV SD N Mangunsari 02 Salatiga yang berjumlah 21 siswa adalah (1) pada pembelajaran pra siklus hasil belajar siswa selama mengikuti pembelajaran terdapat 14 siswa yang tidak tuntas dengan presentase 66,67% dan yang sudah tuntas sebanyak 7 dengan presentase 33,33 siswa yang terdapat pada pembelajaran pra siklus. (2) pada pembelajaran menggunakan model pembelajaran berbasis masalah (PBL) berbantu media gambar pada siklus I siswa yang tuntas menjadi 12 siswa dengan persentase 57,15 %dan yang tidak tuntas terdapat 9 siswa dengan presentase 42,85%. (3) hasil penelitian pada siklus II siswa yang tuntas menjadi 17 siswa dengan presentase 80,95% dan yang tidak tuntas terdapat 4 siswa dengan presentase 19.05%. hasil belajar tema 6 subtema 2 pembelajaran 1 dan 2 mengalami kenaikan yang signifikan bagi siswa kelas 4 SD N Magunsari 02 Salatiga, siswa terlihat aktif,ceria, menyenenangkan dan juga antusias dalam proses pembelajaran.
Supra Soft b-Compact and Supra Soft b-Lindle÷F Spaces
Authors: Mustafa Jamal 
Published: April 2019

The purpose of this paper is to introduce and study the concepts of supra soft b-compact and supra soft b-Lindelˆf spaces. Also we study several of their properties and characterizations in details. Furthermore, the invariance of these kinds of spaces under some types of supra soft mappings and their hereditary properties are also investigated
Deterministic Irreversibility and The Matter Structure
Authors: Somsikov Vyacheslav Michailovich 
Published: April 2019

The role of existence of the deterministic irreversibility mechanism in development of evolution physics is studied. The short explanation of physical essence of this mechanism is offered. Based on this mechanism, is proved, that the base element of matter should be an open non-equilibrium dynamic system (ONDS). The principles of the emergence, existence and development of the ONDS hierarchical structure are considered. The questions about hierarchy of the matter and existence of stationary states ONDS are studied. The question, how external constraints determine of the evolution of ONDS, is analyzed. Equations that determine the development of ONDS are submitted.
Study of Carabus (MORPHOCARABUS) ROTHI COMPTUS Dejean 1831
Authors: Barloy Jean , Dréano Stephane , Barloy-Hubler Frederique , Prunar Florin , Prunar Silvia , Primot Aline 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

C. (Morphocarabus) rothi comptus Dejean 1831, is a endemic species of the Romania, appearing localized to some mountainous massifs of Romanian Banat and their piedmont areas (Poiana Rusca Mountains, Țarcu Mountains). Its presence in the Apuseni Mountains is doubtful, due to the lack of recent captures and to the confusion with C. (Morphocarabus) hampei diffinis Csiki 1905, morphologically like. In Banat the species occurs in two forms: szorenyensis Csiki 1908 at higher altitude (1300-2000 m) and ulrichhoffmanni Lie 1982 in hilly areas, which is distinguished by a larger size. Whatever the altitude and the ecological conditions, the period of activity is brief, spread over a month with a maximum of over two weeks. Molecular biology studies: confirm the belonging of comptus to rothi as a subspecies of her (28SRNA5 marker); suggest (concatenation COI I / cyt b) a low infra-specific variability between provenances of the szorenyensis (Rusca, Muntele Mic) and between the origins of the ulrichhoffmanni.
Decision Determinants of Tourist’s Intention to Revisit a Coastal Tourism Object by Using ROS Model: A Case of Kelapa Dua Islands Jakarta
Authors: Hendratono Tonny , Supina Supina 
Published: April 2019

This study examines factors in decision making of tourist to revisit Kelapa Dua Island, Thousand Islands, DKI Jakarta, Indonesia. The objectives of this study were: (1) To know the socio-demographic characteristics of the visitors in order to understand the relationship on their decision making to revisit the island, (2) To know the preferred activity preference attributes of the visitors in order to understand the relationship on their decision making to revisit the island, (3) To know the specific role of beach settings / attributes in the visitors’ view in order to understand the relationship on their decision making to revisit the island, and (4) To define the expected desired experiences of the visitors in order to understand the relationship on their decision making to revisit the island. The data collection used was primary data, taken by spreading questionnaire to 100 visitors on the exit gate of Kelapa Dua Island, DKI Jakarta, Indonesia. An accidental sampling was used to select the respondent surveyed for this study. Sampling will be rotated on different days of the week and between morning, afternoon, and evening in attempts to acquire a more accurate and representative population.
A Comparison Study of Tangible and Intangible Culture as Commercialisation Process of Tourism Village in Yogyakarta
Authors: Rudwiarti Lucia Asdra , Pudianti Anna , Vitasurya Vincentia Reni 
Published: April 2019

The paper is an empirical study examining the tangible and intangible culture of rural tourism with a focus on rural transformation from daily local into commercial behaviour due to presence of tourism activities. It explores the process of commercialization of tangible and intangible culture. The case studies of Brayut and Pentingsari rural tourism village are studied through observation and interviews of physical and non-physical transformation with community members and the rural tourism manager. Both villages are the unique growing tourist village in Yogyakarta, but Brayut has a potential asset of maintained condition traditional Javanese house in whereas Pentingsari has an attractive natural of green village with the local cultural heritage. The qualitative empirical research study was applied to explore the transformation of cultural meaning by the locals before and after commercialization process. Firstly, the study reviewed the original tangible and intangible culture before transformation. Secondly, changes in cultural functions and meaning are analyzed in the current situation caused by its transforming into commercial activities. By examining the comparison of tangible and intangible culture in the commercializing process is built to understand the relationships between the two and the quality of its transformation.
Developing Syariah Tourism in Aceh: Potencies and Challenges
Authors: Heriani Heriani , Baiquni M , Wijono Djoko , Widyaningsih Yulia A. 
Published: April 2019

Syariah Tourism is growing rapidly due to the high expenditure of the global Muslim market for the tourism sector which leads to the lifestyle and the typical needs of Muslims to be a very important thing to be presented in every tourism service. Aceh as one of the provinces in Indonesia which is known by the implementation of Sharia’ is one of the priority areas of Syariah Tourism development. However, what and how the halal tourism is is not widely known yet, so that some potencies and resources of halal tourism in Aceh, especially Banda Aceh has not been well developed. This study aims to determine the public perception about Syariah tourism as well as to know what are the potencies and challenges in the development of Syariah Tourism in Aceh. This research uses the qualitative method with interview and observation. The results show that Syariah tourism is not only understood as a great opportunity for Aceh tourism, but it is also an obligation in Islam and the culture of Acehnese, so it must be implemented in every tourism development in Aceh. Potencies of Syariah Tourism in Aceh is the cultural values of society that is based on Islamic values, Aceh Islamic heritage with religiosity atmosphere, and then tsunami heritage that presents spiritual value to tourists. However, these potencies are also challenging because the belief and stigma that Aceh is majority of Islam, so that all things are 100% halal, so as in terms of hygiene, and service at tourist attractions are still needserious attention
Keywords: Syariah Tourism, Aceh, Perception , Potencies, Challenges