bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cumhuriyetin İlk Heykeltıraşlarından Ratip Aşir Acudoğu: Yaşamı ve Anıtları
Authors: YILMAZ Ercan 
Published: February 2019

Ratip Aşir Acudoğu 1898’de İstanbul’da doğmuş ve 1957’de yine İstanbul’da yaşama veda etmiştir. 1918 yılında Sanayii Nefise Mektebi Heykel Şubesi’nde başladığı öğrenimini daha sonra
Almanya’da Münih Güzel Sanatlar Akademisi, Fransa’da Julian Akademisi ve dönemin ünlü heykeltıraşı Bourdelle’in atölyesinde sürdürmüş, 1928’de yurda dönmüştür.

Müstakil Ressamlar ve Heykeltıraşlar Birliği’nin 1928’deki kurucuları arasında yer almış olan
Acudoğu, 1929’da ilk kez Edirne’de başladığı Resim Öğretmenliği görevini daha sonra İstanbul’da
ölümüne dek sürdürmüştür.

Sanat eğitimciliği görevine paralel olarak heykel alanındaki üretkenliğine hiç ara vermeyen sanatçı, yaşamı boyunca pek çok yapıta da imza atmıştır. Bu yapıtlarından en önemlileri Menemen
Kubilay Anıtı, Bolu Atatürk Anıtı (Nejat Sirel ile birlikte), Erzincan İnönü Anıtı ve Ankara Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Atatürk Anıtı’dır.

Ratip Aşir Acudoğu’nun anıt eserleri Cumhuriyet’in ilk yıllarından itibaren, sanatın ve heykelin
ülkenin kültürel gündeminde nasıl önemli bir yer işgal ettiğini gözler önüne sermektedir. Sanatçının yaşam hikayesi ise ilk kuşak Türk heykeltıraşlarının zorlu yaşam koşullarına rağmen tutku ve
adanmışlıkla mesleklerine bağlılıklarının önemli bir göstergesi niteliğindedir.&nbsp;
Healthy Air, Healthy Brains: Advancing Air Pollution Policy to Protect Children’s Health
Authors: Payne-Sturges Devon C. , Marty Melanie A. , Perera Frederica , Miller Mark D. , Swanson Maureen , Ellickson Kristie , Cory-Slechta Deborah A. , Ritz Beate , Balmes John , Anderko Laura , Talbott Evelyn O. , Gould Robert , Hertz-Picciotto Irva 
Published: February 2019

Evidence is growing on the adverse neurodevelopmental effects of exposure to combustion-related air pollution. Project TENDR (Targeting Environmental Neurodevelopmental Risks), a unique collaboration of leading scientists, health professionals, and children’s and environmental health advocates, has identified combustion-related air pollutants as critical targets for action to protect healthy brain development. We present policy recommendations for maintaining and strengthening federal environmental health protections, advancing state and local actions, and supporting scientific research to inform effective strategies for reducing children’s exposures to combustion-related air pollution. Such actions not only would improve children’s neurological development but also would have the important co-benefit of climate change mitigation and further improvements in other health conditions.
Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption 3 Years After the Berkeley, California, Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Tax
Authors: Lee Matthew M. , Falbe Jennifer , Schillinger Dean , Basu Sanjay , McCulloch Charles E. , Madsen Kristine A. 
Published: February 2019

Objectives. To estimate changes in sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) and water consumption 3 years after an SSB tax in Berkeley, California, relative to unexposed comparison neighborhoods. Methods. Data came from repeated annual cross-sectional beverage frequency questionnaires from 2014 to 2017 in demographically diverse Berkeley (n = 1513) and comparison (San Francisco and Oakland; n = 3712) neighborhoods. Pretax consumption (2014) was compared with a weighted average of 3 years of posttax consumption. Results. At baseline, SSBs were consumed 1.25 times per day (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.00, 1.50) in Berkeley and 1.27 times per day (95% CI = 1.13, 1.42) in comparison city neighborhoods. When we adjusted for covariates, consumption in Berkeley declined by 0.55 times per day (95% CI = −0.75, −0.35) for SSBs and increased by 1.02 times per day (95% CI = 0.54, 1.50) for water. Changes in consumption in Berkeley were significantly different from those in the comparison group, which saw no significant changes. Conclusions. Reductions in SSB consumption were sustained in demographically diverse Berkeley neighborhoods over the first 3 years of an SSB tax, relative to comparison cities. These persistent, longer-term reductions in SSB consumption suggest that SSB taxes are an effective policy option for jurisdictions focused on improving public health.
Traditional Chinese medicine Lingguizhugan decoction treating non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with spleen-yang deficiency pattern: Study protocol for a multicenter randomized controlled trial
Authors: Xu Jing-juan , Wang Rui-rui , You Sheng-fu , Zhang Lei , Zheng Pei-yong , Ji Guang , Liu Bao-cheng 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a metabolic stress liver injury induced by excessive fat accumulation in liver, which is closely related to insulin resistance (IR). Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has showed good curative effects and unique advantages in the prevention and treatment of NADLD, particularly in improving IR, liver function and clinical symptoms. This study will examine the efficacy and safety of Lingguizhugan decoction (LGZG) in the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with spleen-yang deficiency pattern, and assess the optimal dosage.
Methods/design: This study is a three-arm, dose-optimization, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial. A total of 243 NAFLD patients will be recruited and randomly assigned to standard dose Lingguizhugan decoction (SLGD) group, low dose Lingguizhugan decoction (LLGD) group, or the control group. The clinical indicator will be assessed during the 12-week intervention and follow-up 4 weeks. The primary outcome is the percentage of patients whose the decline of HOMA-IR reaches one standard unit. Secondary outcomes include body weight, body mass index, liver function, blood lipid metabolism, blood glucose metabolism, liver-kidney echo ratio, quantitative rating of clinical symptoms and signs, collecting sample(s) from participants, the medical outcomes study(MOS) item short from health survey(SF-36), Self-rating Depressive Scale(SAS), and Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SDS).
Discussion: This study will provide initial evidence regarding the efficacy and safety of LGZG in the treatment of NAFLD with spleen-yang deficiency pattern, meanwhile establish the demonstration technique, and promote its application in community healthcare center. In addition, potential mechanism will be explored based on research of oral and gut microbiota.
Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ID: ChiCTR1800014364. Registered on 01 January 2018. The final protocol version was V3.0.
Keywords: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, Traditional Chinese medicine, Lingguizhugan decoction, Randomized, double-blind and controlled trial
A comparative trial of selegiline and zonisamide for disease modifying effects on DAT-SPECT in patients with Parkinson’s disease: study protocol for a prospective multicenter randomized study (DATSZ-PD study)
Authors: Ito Hidefumi , Koh Jinsoo , Shimokawa Toshio , Hamano Toshiaki , Kajimoto Yoshinori , Kaneko Satoshi , Kashiwaya Yoshihiro , Kohno Ryuichi , Nishinaka Kazuto , Ozaki Akihiko , Saiki Hidemoto , Suenaga Toshihiko , Yamashita Hirofumi , Inoue Manabu , Takeshima Takao , Takahashi Makio 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Background: Therapeutic strategies to prevent degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson’s disease have not been developed to date. Although previous non-clinical and clinical studies have shown that selegiline and zonisamide can protect dopamine neurons, their protective action has been clinically evaluated in few studies. In this study, we will compare levodopa/decarboxylase inhibitor (DCI) alone with the combination of levodopa/DCI and selegiline or zonisamide to investigate whether degeneration of dopaminergic neurons could be prevented by the combination therapy in patients with early Parkinson’s disease.
Methods: This multicenter, open-label, randomized controlled study will enroll 180 patients. Sixty patients will be randomly assigned to receive levodopa/DCI alone, 60 patients will be assigned to receive levodopa/DCI and selegiline, and 60 patients will be assigned to receive levodopa/DCI and zonisamide, and followed-up for 1 year. The primary endpoint is the percent change of specific binding ratio (SBR; Southampton’s method) of 123Iodine-labelled N-(3-fluoropropyl) -2β-carbomethoxy-3β-(4-iodophenyl) nortropane ([123I]FP-CIT) single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) (dopamine transporter SPECT, DAT-SPECT) from baseline to the end of one-year follow-up. The secondary endpoints are the percent change of Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (Part II and Part III) scores and Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire -39 scores from baseline to post-treatment.
Discussion: This multicenter, randomized controlled study will evaluate the disease-modifying effect of selegiline and zonisamide on degeneration of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons in patients with Parkinson’s disease based on the percent change of SBR of DAT-SPECT (primary endpoint). If our study findings suggest that selegiline or zonisamide has a disease-modifying effect from the clinical aspect, the long-term efficacy should be evaluated in a larger-scale phase III study. T
Trial Registration: University hospital medical information network (UMIN): UMIN000022533. Registered 30 May 2016, https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000025960
Zinc for Infection Prevention in Sickle Cell Anemia (ZIPS): Study Protocol for a Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial in Ugandan children with Sickle Cell Anemia
Authors: Datta Dibyadyuti , Namazzi Ruth , Conroy Andrea L. , Cusick Sarah E. , Hume Heather A. , Tagoola Abner , Ware Russell E. , Opoka Robert O. , John Chandy C. 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Background

Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is the most common inherited hemoglobinopathy worldwide. Infection is a major cause of illness and death in children with SCA, especially in sub Saharan Africa where an estimated 50-90% of affected children die before their fifth birthday. Interventions to reduce the incidence and severity of infections are needed urgently. A high proportion of adults and children with SCA are zinc-deficient, and zinc deficiency leads to impaired immunity and an increased risk of infection. Zinc supplementation has been shown to decrease the risk of infection in adolescents and adults, but there is no data on the effectiveness of zinc for prevention of infection in children <5 years of age with SCA.

Methods/Design

The study will be a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial in which 250 Ugandan children 1.00-4.99 years of age with SCA will receive daily zinc supplementation (10 mg oral dispersible tablet) or identical placebo for 12 months.

Discussion

If this trial shows a reduction in severe or invasive infection incidence, it would be the basis for a multi-site, multi-country clinical trial to assess real-world safety and efficacy of zinc in African children with SCA. Since zinc is safe, inexpensive, and easy to administer, this trial has the potential to improve the health of hundreds of thousands of African children with SCA through reduction of infection-related morbidity and mortality.

Trial Registration

Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT03528434. Registered on May 17, 2018
Protocol Version: 1.0. Date: Dec 11, 2017
Sponsor: Indiana University. Sponsor’s protocol identifier: 1712339562
Allogeneic human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells for moderate and severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia in children: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial (the MSC-BPD Trial)
Authors: Wu Xian , Xia Yunqiu , Zhou Ou , Song Yan , Zhang Xianhong , Tian Daiyin , Li Qubei , Shu Chang , Liu Enmei , Yuan Xiaoping , He Ling , Liu Chengjun , Li Jing , Liang Xiaohua , Yang Ke , Fu Zhou , Zou Lin , Bao Lei , Dai Jihong 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Background Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a complex lung pathological lesion secondary to multiple factors, and one of the most common chronic lung diseases with poor prognosis, especially in preterm infants with moderate and severe BPD. However, there is lack of effective therapies for this disease. Stem cell therapy has been shown a promising way for improving lung injury and abnormal alveolarization, and human umbilical cord (hUC) is a good resource for mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which have demonstrated in some other diseases. We hypothesis that intravenous allogeneic hUC-MSCs is safe and effective for moderate and severe BPD. Methods/design The MSC-BPD trial is a randomized single-center open-label and dose-escalation phase II trial designed to investigate the safety and efficacy of hUC-MSCs in children with moderate and severe BPD. In this study, 57 patients will be enrolled and randomly divided into two intervention groups and one control group. Patients in the intervention groups will be receive a low dose of hUC-MSCs (n=19, 1 million cells/kg) or a high dose of hUC-MSCs (n=19, 5 million cells/kg) in combination with traditional supportive treatments for BPD. The patients in the control group (n=19) will be treated with traditional supportive treatments alone without receiving hUC-MSCs treatment. The primary outcome measures will be the accumulative duration of oxygen therapy. Follow-up assessments will be performed at 1, 3, 6, 12, 24 months after interventions. Statistical analyses will evaluate the efficacy of the hUC-MScs treatment. Discussion This study will be the first randomized controlled trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of intravenous hUC-MSCs in children with moderate and severe BPD. Results of the trial will provide a new evidence-based therapy for moderate and severe BPD. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03601416. Registered on 26th July 2018.
Optimum Droplet Size Using a Pulse‐Width Modulation Sprayer for Applications of 2,4‐D Choline Plus Glyphosate
Authors: Butts Thomas R. , Samples Chase A. , Franca Lucas X. , Dodds Darrin M. , Reynolds Daniel B. , Adams Jason W. , Zollinger Richard K. , Howatt Kirk A. , Fritz Bradley K. , Hoffmann W. Clint , Luck Joe D. , Kruger Greg R. 
Published: February 2019

Core Ideas
Model fit increased by predicting optimum droplet sizes for site‐specific scenarios.
Generally, an Extremely Coarse spray would be recommended for a 2,4‐D choline plus glyphosate application.
Site‐specific weed management using PWM sprayers was both manageable and effective.
Weed control reductions were observed as droplet size increased at several site‐years.
Alternative drift reduction efforts must be identified to avoid weed control losses.
ABSTRACTThe delivery of an optimum herbicide droplet size using pulse‐width modulation (PWM) sprayers can reduce potential environmental contamination, maintain efficacy, and provide more flexible options for pesticide applicators. Field research was conducted in 2016, 2017, and 2018 across three locations (Mississippi, Nebraska, and North Dakota) for a total of 6 site‐years. The objectives were to evaluate the efficacy of a range of droplet sizes (150 µm [Fine] to 900 µm [Ultra Coarse]) using a 2,4‐D choline plus glyphosate pre‐mixture and to create novel weed management recommendations using PWM sprayer technology. A pooled site‐year generalized additive model explained less than 5% of the model deviance, so a site‐specific analysis was conducted. Across the Mississippi and North Dakota sites, a 900‐µm (Ultra Coarse) droplet size maintained 90% of the maximum weed control. In contrast, at the Nebraska sites, droplet sizes between 565 and 690 µm (Extremely Coarse) were almost exclusively required to maintain 90% of the maximum weed control, likely due to weed leaf architecture. Severe reductions in weed control were observed as droplet size increased at several site‐years. Alternative drift reduction practices must be identified; otherwise, weed control reductions will be observed. This research illustrated that PWM sprayers paired with appropriate nozzle–pressure combinations for 2,4‐D choline plus glyphosate pre‐mixture could be effectively implemented into precision agricultural practices by generating optimum herbicide droplet sizes for site‐specific management plans. To fully optimize spray applications using PWM technology, future research must holistically investigate the influence of application parameters and conditions.
The effects of Mediterranean oscillation on temperature and precipitation data in Turkey
Authors: Cenk Sezen , Turgay Partal 
Published: February 2019

AbstractMediterranean Oscillation (MO) is one of the atmospheric teleconnections that influence climatic variables such as rainfall and temperature. The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between Mediterranean Oscillation Index (MOI) and temperature and precipitation characteristics in Turkey. First, the Pearson correlation analysis was carried out between the MOI and climate parameters. Then, the result of correlation analysis was evaluated according to Student's t-test. In this regard, the most significant correlations with MOI and the temperature regime were found in the winter season, whereas the most important relationship between precipitation and MOI was obtained in the summer season. Lag correlation analysis showed that winter MOI is influential on the spring temperature in northwestern Turkey and summer MOI could have an impact on the autumn precipitation. In addition, there are significant winter temperature and summer precipitation differences due to the MOI phases. Finally, the relationship between the MO and North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) was also investigated. Accordingly, it was realized that the NAO and MO could have similar effects in the winter season particularly in the western part of Turkey. As a result, the MO could have a significant relationship to the temperature and precipitation regime of Turkey.
Dynamics of urban water supply management of two Himalayan towns in India
Authors: Bharti Neha , Khandekar Neha , Sengupta Prateek , Bhadwal Suruchi , Kochhar Ishaan 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Many towns in the Indian Himalayan Region (IHR) are experiencing permanent water crises due to increasing population pressure, urbanization, and poor management of existing water sources. This paper focuses on two towns – Mussoorie and Devprayag in the western IHR – to understand various aspects of the growing water scarcity and urban water management. In the current scenario of a changing climate, natural springs, their main water resource, are drying up. Mussoorie experiences an acute shortage of water in summer, precisely when the town hosts numerous tourists. In Devprayag, religious tourism and in-migration from rural areas contribute to rising demand. The reduced discharge in nearby streams has widened the demand–supply gap. An integrated management of water sources is crucial to solving water problems in Mussoorie and Devprayag. In both towns, little effort has been made towards recharging existing water sources. Detailed planning of the water supply system while being mindful of the floating population, a proper sewage and storm water management system, and rainwater harvesting schemes, are absent. There is an urgent need to adopt a comprehensive approach to solving urban water issues, covering aspects of demand, supply and water resources management in these hill towns for adaptive water management.
Prevalence of Bone Loss and the Short-Term Effect of Anti-retroviral Therapy on Bone Mineral Density in Treatment-Naïve Male Japanese Patients with HIV
Authors: Yoshino Yusuke , Koga Ichiro , Misu Keita , Seo Kazunori , Kitazawa Takatoshi , Ota Yasuo 
Published: February 2019

Background:
There have been few studies have shown the relationship between HIV and low Bone Mineral Density (BMD) in Asian countries. In particular, research on the early impact of anti-HIV drugs on BMD is scarce.

Objective:
We studied the prevalence of bone loss and changes of BMD after the start of Anti-Retroviral Therapy (ART) in Japanese naïve patients with HIV.

Methods:
Male patients with HIV who visited our hospital between 2010 and 2016 were enrolled. Patients underwent BMD analyses before and one year after ART. Changes in BMD after ART initiation were evaluated by paired t-tests. To identify clinical factors affecting BMD after ART initiation based on the BMD change ratio, multiple regression analysis was performed.

Results:
Thirty-one patients were followed up. By employing the T-scores in the lumbar spines and femoral necks, the prevalence of osteopenia and osteoporosis was found to be 38.7-45.2% and 6.2% respectively. There were significant BMD decreases after ART initiation. Use of Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (TDF) / emtricitabine (FTC), use of Protease Inhibitors (PIs), and low CD4 cell counts were independent risk factors for lumbar spine BMD decrease. Urinary N-terminal telopeptide / creatinine was the independent risk factor for femoral neck BMD decrease.

Conclusions:
Low BMD was prevalent in our study cases. Low CD4 cell counts at the onset of ART initiation, TDF/FTC use, and PI use increased the risk of lumbar spine BMD decrease significantly more, while ART affected femoral neck BMD of patients with higher bone metabolic activity significantly more.
An updated review on pharmacosomes, a vesicular drug delivery system
Authors: Supraja Bommala , Mulangi Saritha 
Published: February 2019

Novel drug delivery system mainly consents about achieving the targeted concentration to release the drug at targeted site by using carrier system, altering the structure and microenvironment around the drug. Especially drugs which are having narrow therapeutic window are difficult to formulate, with the advantage of novel drug delivery systems like particulate, polymeric carrier, macromolecular and cellular carriers. They are used to reduce complications as well as release the drug in a determined fusion at targeted site. In vesicular drug delivery system drug binds covalently to the lipid molecule by which the drug release is in a controlled manner and also drugs which are of hydrophilic or lipophilic nature can be delivered by using vesicular drug delivery systems. The release of drug from the vesicles depends on the physicochemical properties of both the drug and carrier. Vesicular drug delivery includes liposomes, niososmes, transferosomes, pharmacosomes, electrosomes, ethosomes etc. Of all these drug delivery systems pharmacosomes are having more advantages like no leakage or loss of drug, stability, high entrapment efficiency etc, pharmacosomes may be hexagonal aggregates , ultrafine vesicular and micellar forms. Both synthetic and natural drugs which are facing difficulties like low solubility and low permeability can be effectively formulated and can achieve required pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters. Pharmacosomes are prepared by hand shaking method, ether injection, solvent evaporation method, anhydrous co-solvent lyophilyzation, supercritical fluid approach and other alternative methods they are characterized by complex determination, surface morphology, drug entrapment, solubility, drug lipid compatibility, crystal state measurement, dissolution studies and in vitro drug release rate.
Keywords: Pharmacosomes, covalently, vesicular drug delivery system, hexagonal aggregates, micellar, ultrafine.