bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Formation of Aminocyclopentadienes from Silyldihydropyridines: Ring Contractions Driven by Anion Stabilization
Authors: Walker Morgan M. , Chen Shuming , Mercado Brandon Q. , Houk K. N. , Ellman Jonathan A. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractHighly functionalized aminocyclopentadienes can be formed through the rearrangement of anions generated from readily prepared 6‐silyl‐1,2‐dihydropyridines by desilylation with fluoride. The scope and generality of the reaction was defined, and diverse transformations were performed on the highly functionalized products. A mechanism and driving force for the rearrangement were identified from experiments and DFT calculations.
Coordination‐Driven Self‐Assembly of a Molecular Knot Comprising Sixteen Crossings
Authors: Kim Dong Hwan , Singh Nem , Oh Jihun , Kim Eun‐Hee , Jung Jaehoon , Kim Hyunuk , Chi Ki‐Whan 
Published: March 2018

AbstractMolecular knots have become highly attractive to chemists because of their prospective properties in mimicking biomolecules and machines. Only a few examples of molecular knots from the billions tabulated by mathematicians have been realized and molecular knots with more than eight crossings have not been reported to date. We report here the coordination‐driven [8+8] self‐assembly of a higher‐generation molecular knot comprising as many as sixteen crossings. Its solid‐state X‐ray crystal structure and multinuclear 2D NMR findings confirmed its architecture and topology. The formation of this molecular knot appears to depend on the functionalities and geometries of donor and acceptor in terms of generating appropriate angles and strong π‐π interactions supported by hydrophobic effects. This study shows coordination‐driven self‐assembly offers a powerful potential means of synthesizing more and more complicated molecular knots and of understanding differences between the properties of knotted and unknotted structures.
Direct Synthesis of a Covalently Self‐Assembled Peptide Nanogel from a Tyrosine‐Rich Peptide Monomer and Its Biomineralized Hybrids
Authors: Min Kyoung‐Ik , Kim Dong‐Hwi , Lee Hyune‐Jea , Lin Liwei , Kim Dong‐Pyo 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThere has been significant progress in the self‐assembly of biological materials, but the one‐step covalent peptide self‐assembly for well‐defined nanostructures is still in its infancy. Inspired by the biological functions of tyrosine, a covalently assembled fluorescent peptide nanogel is developed by a ruthenium‐mediated, one‐step photo‐crosslinking of tyrosine‐rich short peptides under the visible light within 6 minutes. The covalently assembled peptide nanogel is stable in various organic solvents and different pH levels, unlike those made from vulnerable non‐covalent assemblies. The semipermeable peptide nanogel with a high density of redox‐active tyrosine acts as a novel nano‐bioreactor, allowing the formation of uniform metal–peptide hybrids by selective biomineralization under UV irradiation. As such, this peptide nanogel could be useful in the design of novel nanohybrids and peptidosomes possessing functional nanomaterials.
Stereoselective Synthesis of 2‐Deoxyglycosides from Glycals by Visible‐Light‐Induced Photoacid Catalysis
Authors: Zhao Gaoyuan , Wang Ting 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe direct, photoacid‐catalyzed synthesis of 2‐deoxyglycosides from glycals is reported. A series of phenol‐conjugated acridinium‐based organic photoacids were rationally designed, synthesized, and studied alongside the commercially available phenolic catalyst eosin Y. In the presence of such a photoacid catalyst and light, synthetic glycals were activated and coupled with a range of alcohols to afford 2‐deoxyglycosides in good yields and with excellent α‐selectivity.
Carbon Quantum Dot Implanted Graphite Carbon Nitride Nanotubes: Excellent Charge Separation and Enhanced Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Wang Yang , Liu Xueqin , Liu Jia , Han Bo , Hu Xiaoqin , Yang Fan , Xu Zuwei , Li Yinchang , Jia Songru , Li Zhen , Zhao Yanli 
Published: March 2018

AbstractGraphite carbon nitride (g‐C3N4) is a promising candidate for photocatalytic hydrogen production, but only shows moderate activity owing to sluggish photocarrier transfer and insufficient light absorption. Herein, carbon quantum dots (CQDs) implanted in the surface plane of g‐C3N4 nanotubes were synthesized by thermal polymerization of freeze‐dried urea and CQDs precursor. The CQD‐implanted g‐C3N4 nanotubes (CCTs) could simultaneously facilitate photoelectron transport and suppress charge recombination through their specially coupled heterogeneous interface. The electronic structure and morphology were optimized in the CCTs, contributing to greater visible light absorption and a weakened barrier of the photocarrier transfer. As a result, the CCTs exhibited efficient photocatalytic performance under light irradiation with a high H2 production rate of 3538.3 μmol g−1 h−1 and a notable quantum yield of 10.94 % at 420 nm.
Bridging the divide: Social–ecological coherence in Marine Protected Area network design
Authors: Rees Sian E. , Pittman Simon J. , Foster Nicola , Langmead Olivia , Griffiths Charly , Fletcher Steve , Johnson David E. , Attrill Martin 
Published: March 2018

Abstract

Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) and networks of MPAs are being implemented globally as a spatial management tool for achieving conservation objectives. There has been considerable progress in reaching the prescribed 10% protected area target for 2020, outlined in the Convention on Biological Diversity Aichi Target 11 and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 14.
The application of MPA network design principles (e.g. Representative, ecological connectivity), which underpin ecological coherence, is still lacking or insufficient in many regions. Poor ecological coherence hinders the ecological performance of MPA networks, leading to dysfunction in the flow of ecosystem services and reduced ecosystem benefits, with potentially negative consequences for human well‐being.
This paper presents four pivotal focus points for future progress that can bridge the gap between ecological and social systems. The aim is to shift the discourse of ‘ecological coherence’ further into the social sphere, and hence support the alignment of the process of designating ecologically coherent MPA networks with the ‘triple bottom line’ of economic development, environmental sustainability, and social inclusion, as described in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), to achieve social–ecological coherence in MPA network design.
Soy Phytoestrogens Do Not Fully Reverse Changes in Rat Pituitary Castration Cells: Unbiased Stereological Study
Authors: Nestorović Nataša , Trifunović Svetlana , Manojlović‐Stojanoski Milica , Jarić Ivana , Ristić Nataša , Filipović Branko , Šošić‐Jurjević Branka , Milošević Verica 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACTThe aim of the study was to examine the potential of the principal soy isoflavones, genistein and daidzein, or isoflavone rich soy extract to recover pituitary castration cells in orchidectomized adult male rats in comparison with the effects of estradiol. Two weeks post orchidectomy (Orx), animals received estradiol‐dipropionate, genistein, daidzein or soy extract subcutaneously for 3 weeks. Control sham‐operated (So) and Orx rats received just the vehicle. Changes in the volumes of pars distalis, of individual follicle‐stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) containing cells, their volume, numerical density and number were determined by unbiased design‐based stereology. The intracellular content of βFSH and βLH was estimated by relative intensity of fluorescence (RIF). Orchidectomy increased all examined stereological parameters and RIF. Compared to Orx, estradiol increased the volume of pars distalis, but reversed RIF and all morphometric parameters of gonadotropes to the level of So rats, except their number. Treatments with purified isoflavones and soy extract decreased RIF to the control So level, expressing an estradiol‐like effect. However, the histological appearance and morphometrical features of gonadotropes did not follow this pattern. Genistein increased the volume of pars distalis, decreased the volume density of LH‐labeled cells and raised the number of gonadotropes. Daidzein decreased the cell volume of gonadotropic cells but increased their number and numerical density. Soy extract induced an increase in number and numerical density of FSH‐containing cells. Therefore, it can be concluded that soy phytoestrogens do not fully reverse the Orx‐induced changes in pituitary castration cells. Anat Rec, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Selection of reference genes for tissue/organ samples on day 3 fifth‐instar larvae in silkworm, Bombyx mori
Authors: Wang Genhong , Chen Yanfei , Zhang Xiaoying , Bai Bingchuan , Yan Hao , Qin Daoyuan , Xia Qingyou 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe silkworm, Bombyx mori, is one of the world's most economically important insect. Surveying variations in gene expression among multiple tissue/organ samples will provide clues for gene function assignments and will be helpful for identifying genes related to economic traits or specific cellular processes. To ensure their accuracy, commonly used gene expression quantification methods require a set of stable reference genes for data normalization. In this study, 24 candidate reference genes were assessed in 10 tissue/organ samples of day 3 fifth‐instar B. mori larvae using geNorm and NormFinder. The results revealed that, using the combination of the expression of BGIBMGA003186 and BGIBMGA008209 was the optimum choice for normalizing the expression data of the B. mori tissue/organ samples. The most stable gene, BGIBMGA003186, is recommended if just one reference gene is used. Moreover, the commonly used reference gene encoding cytoplasmic actin was the least appropriate reference gene of the samples investigated. The reliability of the selected reference genes was further confirmed by evaluating the expression profiles of two cathepsin genes. Our results may be useful for future studies involving the quantification of relative gene expression levels of different tissue/organ samples in B. mori.
An Autoimmune Basis for Raynaud's Phenomenon
Authors: Ascherman D. P. , Zang Y. , Fernandez I. , Clark E. S. , Khan W. N. , Martinez L. , Greidinger E. L. 
Published: March 2018

ObjectiveRaynaud's phenomenon (RP) is common in anti‐RNP–positive patients with rheumatic diseases but is not itself known to be caused by autoimmunity. The aim of this study was to assess autoantibodies that could mediate this process.MethodsAntibodies derived from patient sera and from murine models of anti‐RNP autoimmunity were screened for the ability to induce RP‐like tissue ischemia and endothelial cell apoptosis in murine models and in vitro systems.ResultsRNP‐positive sera from RP patients and murine sera from RNP‐positive B cell adoptive transfer recipients induced RP‐like tissue ischemia and endothelial cell apoptosis. Proteomic analysis identified cytokeratin 10 (K10) as a candidate autoantigen in RP. Monoclonal anti‐K10 antibodies reproduced patterns of ischemic tissue loss and endothelial cell apoptosis; K10 knockout or depletion of anti‐K10 activity in serum was protective. Cold exposure enhanced K10 expression and in vivo tissue loss.ConclusionAnti‐K10 antibodies are sufficient to mediate RP‐like ischemia in murine models and are implicated in the pathogenesis of RP in patients with anti‐RNP autoimmunity.
Diastereo‐ and Enantioselective Palladium‐Catalyzed Dearomative [3+2] Cycloaddition of 3‐Nitroindoles
Authors: Suo Jia‐Jia , Liu Wei , Du Juan , Ding Chang‐Hua , Hou Xue‐Long 
Published: March 2018

AbstractDiastereo‐ and enantioselective cycloaddition of 3‐nitroindoles with vinyl aziridine was realized under Pd‐catalysis using commercially available Walphos as the ligand, affording pyrroloindolines in high yields with high diastereo‐ and enantioselectivities. The reaction can be scaled up to a gram scale and the reaction products are easily converted to amino pyrroloindoline and other pyrroloindoline derivatives.
Bridging the gap between cognitive and interpersonal variables in depression
Authors: D'Iuso Debora A. , Dobson Keith S. , Watkins‐Martin Kia , Beaulieu Leah , Drapeau Martin 
Published: March 2018

AbstractBackgroundCognitive and interpersonal variables are often understood to be related to the etiology and maintenance of major depression. However, few studies have examined the relationship between these two constructs.AimThis study examined the association between cognitive errors (CEs) most commonly endorsed among individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD) and their interpersonal functioning.MethodThese processes were examined early in psychotherapy and at the end of 20 sessions of cognitive behavioral therapy for depression. Therapy transcripts of 42 clients with MDD were rated for CEs using the Cognitive Error Rating Scale (CERS: Drapeau, Perry & Dunkley, 2008) and for interpersonal behaviors using the Structural Analysis of Social Behavior (SASB: Benjamin & Cushing, 2000).FindingsResults of this study revealed significant associations between CEs and interpersonal behaviors early in treatment and at the end of treatment. Implications of these findings are discussed in the context of improving psychotherapy process and outcome.
The CNPY2 enhances epithelial‐mesenchymal transition via activating the AKT/GSK3β pathway in non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Dou Yu , Lei Jun‐Qiang , Guo Shun‐Lin , Zhao Da , Yue Hong‐Mei , Yu Qin 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe survival of non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is poor due to high metastasis, and the indispensable step of metastasis includes epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT). In the study, by analyzing the dataset of the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), we found that the expression of Canopy homolog 2 (CNPY2) is increased both in adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, which is further confirmed in NSCLC tissues. Not only that, there is a negative correlation between CNPY2 and E‐cadherin expression at mRNA level. Wound healing and transwell matrix penetration assay showed that overexpression of CNPY2 promotes the capability for invasion and metastasis of NSCLC cells. Further analysis uncovered that overexpression of CNPY2 can activate the AKT/GSK3β pathway, which leads to the inactivation of GSK‐3β. The inactivation of GSK‐3β increases the level of Snail, and then decreases the expression of E‐cadherin to promote EMT. Eventually, inhibition of AKT suppresses the malignant transformation of CNPY2‐upregulated cells. The above results suggest that CNPY2 may be served as a novel therapeutic target to therapy the NSCLC.
The impact of coronary chronic total occlusion percutaneous coronary intervention upon donor vessel fractional flow reserve and instantaneous wave‐free ratio: Implications for physiology‐guided PCI in patients with CTO
Authors: Mohdnazri Shah R. , Karamasis Grigoris V. , Al‐Janabi Firas , Cook Christopher M. , Hampton‐Till James , Zhang Jufen , Al‐Lamee Rasha , Dungu Jason N. , Gedela Swamy , Tang Kare H. , Kelly Paul A. , Davies Justin E. , Davies John R. , Keeble Thomas R. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the immediate and short term impact of right coronary artery (RCA) chronic total coronary occlusion (CTO) percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) upon collateral donor vessel fractional flow reserve (FFR) and instantaneous wave‐free ratio (iFR).BackgroundCTO PCI influences collateral donor vessel physiology, making the indication and/or timing of donor vessel revascularization difficult to determine.MethodsIn patients with RCA CTO, FFR, iFR, and collateral function index (FFRcoll) were measured in LAD and LCx pre‐CTO PCI, immediately post and at 4 month follow‐up.Results34 patients underwent successful PCI. In the predominant donor vessel immediately post PCI, FFR, and FFRcoll did not change (0.76 ± 0.12 to 0.75 ± 0.13, P = 0.267 and 0.31 ± 0.10 vs. 0.34 ± 0.11, P = 0.078), but iFR increased significantly (0.86 ± 0.10 to 0.88 ± 0.10, P = 0.012). At follow‐up, there was a significant increase in predominant donor FFR and iFR (0.76 ± 0.12 to 0.79 ± 0.11, P = 0.047 and 0.86 ± 0.10 to 0.90 ± 0.07, P = 0.003), accompanied by a significant reduction in FFRcoll (0.31 ± 0.10 to 0.18 ± 0.07 P < 0.0001). These changes resulted in a reclassification of the predominant donor vessel from ischemic to nonischemic in 18% (FFR) and 25% (iFR) of the cases, respectively.ConclusionsSuccessful recanalization of an RCA CTO resulted in a modest but statistically significant increase in the predominant donor vessel immediately post CTO PCI in the case of iFR and at 4‐month follow‐up for FFR and iFR compared to pre‐PCI with a concomitant reduction in collateral function.
Synthesis of (E)‐2‐Alkenylazaarenes via Dehydrogenative Coupling of (Hetero)aryl‐fused 2‐Alkylcyclic Amines and Aldehydes with a Cobalt Nanocatalyst
Authors: Zhou Changjian , Tan Zhenda , Jiang Huanfeng , Zhang Min 
Published: March 2018

AbstractTo date, the synthesis of (E)‐2‐alkenylazaarenes via the condensation of 2‐methyl N‐heteroarenes with aldehydes or their equivalents has been well demonstrated. However, the direct formation of such a class of useful compounds from extensively distributed 2‐alkylcyclic amine motifs remains an unresolved goal. Herein, by employing the nitrogen‐silica‐doped carbon (Vulcan XC‐72R) as the support, we have developed a low‐loading cobalt nanocatalyst (Co/N‐Si‐C). The combination of such a catalyst with p‐nitrobenzoic acid and molecular O2 exhibits excellent catalytic performance towards the dehydrogenative coupling of (hetero)aryl‐fused 2‐alkylcyclic amines with aldehydes to afford the (E)‐2‐alkenylazaarenes. In the reaction, effective capture of the partially dehydrogenated cyclic amine motifs appears to be the key strategy to address the issue of the chemoselectivity. The developed catalytic transformation proceeds with the merits of broad substrate scope, good functional group tolerance, high atom‐efficiency, use of an earth‐abundant and reusable cobalt catalyst and molecular O2 as a green oxidant, which offers an important basis for the direct conversion of inert cyclic amine units into the functional frameworks.
Bifunctional Squaramide Organocatalysts for the Asymmetric Addition of Formaldehyde tert‐Butylhydrazone to Simple Aldehydes
Authors: Matador Esteban , de Gracia Retamosa María , Monge David , Iglesias‐Sigüenza Javier , Fernández Rosario , Lassaletta José M. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe nucleophilic addition of formaldehyde tert‐butylhydrazone to simple aldehydes (a formal hetero‐carbonyl–ene reaction) can be performed with good reactivity and excellent enantioselectivity by virtue of the dual hydrogen‐bonding activation exerted by amide–squaramide organocatalysts. The resulting hydroxydiazenes (azo alcohols) were isolated in high yields as enantiomerically enriched azoxy compounds after a regioselective azo‐to‐azoxy transformation. Subsequent derivatization provides an entry to relevant amino alcohols, oxazolidinones, and derivatives thereof.
Fullerene‐Based Materials as Hole‐Transporting/Electron‐Blocking Layers: Applications in Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Völker Sebastian F. , Vallés‐Pelarda Marta , Pascual Jorge , Collavini Silvia , Ruipérez Fernando , Zuccatti Elisabetta , Hueso Luis E. , Tena‐Zaera Ramón , Mora‐Seró Iván , Delgado Juan Luis 
Published: March 2018

AbstractHere we report for the first time an efficient fullerene‐based compound, FU7, able to act as hole‐transporting material (HTM) and electron blocking contact. It has been applied on perovskite solar cells (PSCs), obtaining 0.81 times the efficiency of PSCs with the standard HTM, spiro‐OMeTAD, with the additional advantage that this performance is reached without any additive introduced in the HTM layer. Moreover, as a proof of concept, we have described for the first time efficient PSCs in which both selective contacts are fullerene derivatives, to obtain unprecedented “fullerene sandwich” PSCs.
Use of neutrophil‐lymphocyte ratio for risk stratification and relationship with time in therapeutic range in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation: A pilot study
Authors: Cosansu Kahraman , Vatan Mehmet Bulent , Gunduz Huseyin , Akdemir Ramazan 
Published: March 2018

BackgroundAtrial fibrillation is one of the most common abnormal heart rhythms. Neutrophil‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has emerged as a potential marker for the level of inflammation in cardiac disorders.HypothesisNLR might be associated with thrombosis and bleeding risk scores and might predict cardioembolic risk in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) patients within the therapeutic international normalized ratio (INR).MethodsWe enrolled 272 patients taking warfarin for NVAF and classified them into 2 groups: Group A consisted of patients (n = 132) whose time in therapeutic range (TTR) was ≥65%, and Group B comprised patients (n = 139) whose TTR was <65%.ResultsNLR values were higher in group B than in group A (P < 0.0001). Patients classified as high risk according to CHA2DS2‐VASc score had significantly higher NLR levels (P = 0.002) than those classified as low and intermediate risk. Furthermore, NLR levels were significantly correlated with CHA2DS2‐VASc and HAS‐BLED scores (P < 0.001 and P < 0.0001, respectively). NLR predicted patients within therapeutic INR range (TTR ≥65%) with sensitivity of 81% and specificity of 71% in a receiver operator characteristic curve analysis, using a cutoff value of 2.17. Area under the curve for NLR was 0.81 (P < 0.0001).ConclusionsTo our knowledge, this is the first study showing correlation of NLR with both CHA2DS2‐VASc and HAS‐BLED risk scores. NLR might represent a useful marker to identify patients with high risks of stroke and bleeding and may have predictive value in identifying patients within the therapeutic INR range.
Stem‐cell therapy in ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction with reduced ejection fraction: A multicenter, double‐blind randomized trial
Authors: Nicolau José C. , Furtado Remo H.M. , Silva Suzana A. , Rochitte Carlos E. , Rassi Anis , Moraes João B.M.C. , Quintella Edgard , Costantini Costantino R. , Korman Adrian P.M. , Mattos Marco A. , Castello Hélio J. , Caixeta Adriano , Dohmann Hans F.R. , de Carvalho Antonio C.C. ,   on behalf of the MiHeart/AMI Investigators
Published: March 2018

BackgroundLeft ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) is a major determinant of long‐term prognosis after ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). STEMI patients with reduced LVEF have a poor prognosis, despite successful reperfusion and the use of renin‐angiotensin‐aldosterone inhibitors.HypothesisIntracoronary infusion of bone marrow–derived mononuclear cells (BMMC) may improve LVEF in STEMI patients successfully reperfused.MethodsThe main inclusion criteria for this double‐blind, randomized, multicenter study were patient age 30 to 80 years, LVEF ≤50%, successful angioplasty of infarct‐related artery, and regional dysfunction in the infarct‐related area analyzed before cell injection. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging was used to assess LVEF, left ventricular volumes, and infarct size at 7 to 9 days and 6 months post–myocardial infarction.ResultsOne hundred and twenty‐one patients were included (66 patients in the BMMC group and 55 patients in the placebo group). The primary endpoint, mean LVEF, was similar between both groups at baseline (44.63% ± 10.74% vs 42.23% ± 10.33%; P = 0.21) and at 6 months (44.74% ± 12.95 % vs 43.50 ± 12.43%; P = 0.59). The groups were also similar regarding the difference between baseline and 6 months (0.11% ± 8.5% vs 1.27% ± 8.93%; P = 0.46). Other parameters of left ventricular remodeling, such as systolic and diastolic volumes, as well as infarct size, were also similar between groups.ConclusionsIn this randomized, multicenter, double‐blind trial, BMMC intracoronary infusion did not improve left ventricular remodeling or decrease infarct size.