bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nouvelles recherches sur l’accolement des plaquettes aux fibres de collagène
Authors: Hugues J , Lapiere Ch M 
Published: July 2018

RésuméCe travail a été entrepris dans le but de préciser les modalités de l’accolement des plaquettes sanguines aux structures conjonctives et d’étudier le rôle de ce phénomène dans l’hémostase et dans la thrombose.Mieux que les recherches in vivo, les expériences in vitro en microscopie de phase, permettent d’étudier les altérations morphologiques importantes subies par les thrombocytes après leur fixation rapide au collagène purifié précipité sous forme de fibrilles.Il est démontré que les processus coagulatifs n’interviennent ni dans l’accolement précoce des plaquettes ni dans leur fusion et l’homogénéisation ultérieure de leurs amas. Par contre ces phénomènes sont inhibés, de manière plus ou moins sélective par des antihistaminiques, la réserpine, des antisérotonines, le chlorure mercurique, le fluorure de sodium. Pour beaucoup des produits inhibiteurs il existe un parallélisme entre l’entrave qu’ils apportent à la fixation au collagène des thrombocytes et leur action sur la morphologie de ces éléments.Le rôle de l’A.D.P., de l’histamine, de la sérotonine dans les phénomènes étudiés, est discuté.Le recours à divers enzymes tend à prouver que c’est bien le collagène et non d’autres protéines qui intervient dans l’accolement des thrombocytes aux structures conjonctives. On signale que cette propriété de fixation dévolue au collagène ne se limite pas aux seules plaquettes sanguines mais peut s’exercer également sur d’autres corpuscules.L’étude microscopique in vitro et in vivo de l’accolement des plaquettes aux structures péri vasculaires et de leur agrégation réciproque nous autorise à élaborer un schéma des différents stades, contemporains ou successifs, de l’élaboration du clou hémostatique.C’est à des perturbations pathologiques de l’une ou l’autre étape de la constitution du clou hémostatique qu’il faut attribuer les saignements prolongés des dyscrasies sanguines ainsi que le suggèrent nos expériences faites avec du plasma riche en plaquettes de patients souffrant de thrombasthénie de Glanz - mann, d’angéio-hémophilie ou d’hémophilie.
Etude de l’activité antihéparinique des plaquettes par la méthode simple de Deutsch
Authors: Mayer G , Mayer S , Waitz R ,   avec l’assistance technique de Mme D. Jacob-Gerhard
Published: July 2018

RésuméL’activité antihéparinique des plaquettes est déterminée dans le test de Deutsch et exprimée en rendement antihéparinique ou quantité d’héparine neutralisée par 107 plaquettes.Celui-cidépend de la concentration des plaquettes dont l’optimum est de 107 éléments, de la quantité présente d’héparine qui est optima pour 1/8- d’unité. Il ne peut dépasser une valeur maxima d’environ 1/40 d’unité d’héparine. Il est lié à l’état des plaquettes qui doivent être conservées individuellement tout en présentant les altérations décrites dans la métamorphose visqueuse à ses débuts.Lerendement antihéparinique ne mesure donc pas la quantité de F. P. 4 libéré par la destruction des plaquettes mais traduit une réaction où F. P. 4 se trouve lié à un matériel qui limite son action sur l’héparine et de plus le rend fragile.L’étude du rendement antihéparinique dans les cas pathologiques ne permet encore aucune conclusion si non que dans les affections plaquettaires le plus souvent il n’y a nul parallélisme entre le comportement du F. P. 3 et celui du F. P. 4.
Intravasale Thrombusbildung durch elektrischen Strom und Thrombolyse
Authors: Martin M , Staubesand J 
Published: July 2018

Zusammenfassung1. Elektronenmikroskopische Befunde an Venenendothelien der Maus nach Einwirken von elektrischem Strom, der über eine Anode zugeführt wurde, ergaben eine schwere Zellschädigung bis zu völliger Zerstörung des Endothels. Das Endothel der kleinen Arterien reagierte abweichend mit Bildung großer Vakuolen, die sich gegen das Gefäßlumen vorwölbten, es weitgehend verlegten und damit eine Thrombolyse erschwerten oder sogar unmöglich machten.2. Die Reaktion auf derartige Venenendothelschädigungen bestand von der Blutseite her in einer Aggregation von mehr oder weniger stark degranulierten Thrombozyten. Aggregierte Plättchen im Bereich des Gefäßlumens ohne Kontakt mit Endothel wurden nur selten beobachtet. Kam es zu einer so starken Stromschädigung, daß eine völlige Vernichtung des Endothels mit freier Kommunikation zwischen Blut und subendothelialem Bindegewebe die Folge war, wurde regelmäßig Fibrin in großen Mengen im Bereich der Gefäßwand abgeschieden.3. Da Thrombozytenaggregation und Fibrinbildung nicht allein von der Stromeinwirkung, sondern im wesentlichen vom Grad der Endothelschädigung abhingen, und da in zusätzlichen In-vitro-Versuchen keine Abhängigkeit der Vollbhitgerinnung von der Zufuhr elektrischen Stroms nachgewiesen werden konnte, wird die Hypothese einer primär durch elektrostatische Vorgänge eingeleiteten Thromboseentstehung verworfen.4. 24 h und 3 Tage nach Auflösung strominduzierter Thromben durch Streptokinase konnte Endothel als organisierter Bestandteil der Gefäßwand nicht mehr nachgewiesen werden. Die Funktion der Endothelzellen wurde in diesem Stadium von einer ein- bis mehrschichtigen Lage mäßig degranulierter Thrombozyten eingenommen, die untereinander durch Ausbildung von »regiones densae« und gegenseitige Verzahnung dem Blutstrom ein festes Widerlager boten. Die Bedeutung dieser bisher wenig beachteten Thrombozytenfunktion im Rahmen experimenteller Eingriffe an Blutgefäßen wird diskutiert.
Kinetic Studies of Platelet Aggregation Induced by Adenosine Diphosphate and Its Inhibition by Chelating Agents, Guanidino Compounds, and Adenosine
Authors: Skoza L , Zucker Marjorie B , Jerushalmy Z , Grant R 
Published: July 2018

SummaryThe kinetics, activation, pH dependence and inhibition of platelet aggregation induced by ADP were studied by recording the OD of stirred PRP from blood anticoagulated with acid-citrate-dextrose solution. There was a lag period between the addition of ADP and the initiation of aggregation. Addition of ADP in the absence of stirring or ionized calcium did not cause aggregation. When aggregation was subsequently initiated by stirring or the addition of CaCl2 there was no lag period. The steepest slope of the OD curve was used as the reaction velocity (V). It was affected by the concentration of calcium ions and was maximum at pH 8.0. When the ADP concentration was varied in the presence of different concentrations of ionized calcium, the overall kinetics revealed a series of rectangular hyperbola segments which did not pass through the origin. These observations led to the conclusion that the overall reaction can be depicted as a chain reaction: ADP interacts reversibly with platelets; when calcium is present these platelets become “sticky” and, when stirred, they aggregate. Kinetic studies of inhibition indicated that adenosine is a competitive inhibitor of ADP. The guanidino compounds tested were noncompetitive with respect to ADP but their inhibitory activity was counteracted by calcium.
Leukocytes and Thrombosis
Authors: Henry R. L 
Published: July 2018

SummaryWhite blood cells can no longer be considered simple trapped inclusions within thrombi. Their numbers in thrombi relative to blood counts increase with time. They appear to come from the blood flowing past the thrombus. They appear to migrate by amoeboid movement into the thrombic mass. Polymorphonuclear neutrophils have been shown to be lytic to fibrin and other proteins and thus can contribute to thrombus dissolution. There is increasing evidence that neutrophils may impart important cytotrophic function to proliferating cells during thrombus organization. Eosinophils are known to carr profibrinolysin and will release this precursor at sites of fibrin deposition. Mononuclear leukocytes can transform into fibroblasts in tissue culture and I consider a thrombus an ideal tissue culture medium. All of these cells can contribute to thrombus dissolution simply by mechanical weakening of the mass by migration into it, releasing enzymes, and allowing blood flow to carry away pieces of the thrombus as emboli. I extend my perspective on thrombosis by considering these intravascular solids as cell tissue cultures rather than simple blood clots or platelet aggregates.
Fibrinolytische Aktivität von Handelsthrombinen und ihr Einfluß auf die Genauigkeit der Standard-fibrinplattenmethode
Authors: Schulte W 
Published: July 2018

ZusammenfassungHandelsübliche Thrombinpräparate besitzen eine fabrikatabhängige und chargenabhängige fìbrinolytische Aktivität. Diese ist vorwiegend auf den Gehalt an Plasminogenaktivator- und -proaktivator zurückzuführen. Werden diese Präparate zur Herstellung von Standardfibrinplatten benutzt, so kann eine völlige Verfälschung der Testergebnisse resultieren, weil eine »Autolyse« der Platte eintritt. Versuche mit verschiedenen zur Plattenherstellung benutzten Thrombinpräparaten beweisen dies und zeigen außerdem, daß ein Zusatz von Akridin möglicherweise geeignet ist »stabilere« Standardfibrinplatten herzustellen.
Ecumenical alethic pluralism
Authors: Ferrari Filippo , Moruzzi Sebastiano 
Published: July 2018

AbstractEcumenical Alethic Pluralism (EAP) is a novel kind of alethic pluralism. It is ecumenical in that it widens the scope of alethic pluralism by allowing for a normatively deflated truth property alongside a variety of normatively robust truth properties. We establish EAP by showing how Wright’s Inflationary Arguments fail in the domain of taste, once a relativist treatment of the metaphysics and epistemology of that domain is endorsed. EAP is highly significant to current debates on the nature of truth insofar as it involves a reconfiguration of the dialectic between deflationists and pluralists.
Profiting from poverty
Authors: Koksvik Ole , Øverland Gerhard 
Published: July 2018

AbstractWe consider whether and under what conditions it is morally illicit to profit from poverty. We argue that when profit counterfactually depends on poverty, the agent making the profit is morally obliged to relinquish it. Finally, we argue that the people to whom the profit should be redirected are those on whom it counterfactually depends.
Online Information of Parking Area Using Ultrasonic Sensor through Wifi Data Acquisition
Authors: Bagenda Dadan Nurdin , Parulian Crisyanto 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Nowadays, malls and other public places in the city are facing problem in providing proper and huge parking area for their visitors’ vehicles. Also, the lack of human resource for the parkers makes the visitors difficult to find the available space to park their cars due to the less information they get during finding the parking space. Moreover, those who are seeking the parking space have to drive around the parking area for more than once, which is wasting their time a lot. Therefore, the malls and other public places need the best solution to this problem. The online parking information system is really needed to make the parking system better. This system uses a network sensor consisting of HC-SR04 ultrasonic module to detect the parking slot availability, HC-SR04 which is accessed by Arduino Nano, and the data that is sent to the server uses esp8266 wifi module. Further, the server processes the data and display the information on webpage application as well as desktop applications in the form of the parking area map. This system will show the available space that can be accessed on website and PC with a few second delays and simple wiring system.
Nutrient and drought stress: implications for phenology and biomass quality in miscanthus
Authors: da Costa Ricardo M F , Simister Rachael , Roberts Luned A , Timms-Taravella Emma , Cambler Arthur B , Corke Fiona M K , Han Jiwan , Ward Richard J , Buckeridge Marcos S , Gomez Leonardo D , Bosch Maurice 
Published: July 2018

Abstract

Background and Aims
The cultivation of dedicated biomass crops, including miscanthus, on marginal land provides a promising approach to the reduction of dependency on fossil fuels. However, little is known about the impact of environmental stresses often experienced on lower-grade agricultural land on cell-wall quality traits in miscanthus biomass crops. In this study, three different miscanthus genotypes were exposed to drought stress and nutrient stress, both separately and in combination, with the aim of evaluating their impact on plant growth and cell-wall properties.

Methods
Automated imaging facilities at the National Plant Phenomics Centre (NPPC-Aberystwyth) were used for dynamic phenotyping to identify plant responses to separate and combinatorial stresses. Harvested leaf and stem samples of the three miscanthus genotypes (Miscanthus sinensis, Miscanthus sacchariflorus and Miscanthus × giganteus) were separately subjected to saccharification assays, to measure sugar release, and cell-wall composition analyses.

Key Results
Phenotyping showed that the M. sacchariflorus genotype Sac-5 and particularly the M. sinensis genotype Sin-11 coped better than the M. × giganteus genotype Gig-311 with drought stress when grown in nutrient-poor compost. Sugar release by enzymatic hydrolysis, used as a biomass quality measure, was significantly affected by the different environmental conditions in a stress-, genotype- and organ-dependent manner. A combination of abundant water and low nutrients resulted in the highest sugar release from leaves, while for stems this was generally associated with the combination of drought and nutrient-rich conditions. Cell-wall composition analyses suggest that changes in fine structure of cell-wall polysaccharides, including heteroxylans and pectins, possibly in association with lignin, contribute to the observed differences in cell-wall biomass sugar release.

Conclusions
The results highlight the importance of the assessment of miscanthus biomass quality measures in addition to biomass yield determinations and the requirement for selecting suitable miscanthus genotypes for different environmental conditions.
Construction of an overexpression library for Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Melief Eduard , Kokoczka Rachel , Files Megan , Bailey Mai Ann , Alling Torey , Li Hongye , Ahn James , Misquith Ayesha , Korkegian Aaron , Roberts David , Sacchettini James , Parish Tanya 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThere is a pressing need to develop novel anti-tubercular drugs. High-throughput phenotypic screening yields chemical series that inhibit bacterial growth. Target identification for such series is challenging, but necessary for optimization of target engagement and the development of series into clinical drugs. We constructed a library of recombinant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains each expressing a single protein from an inducible promoter as a tool for target identification. The library of 1733 clones was arrayed in 96-well plates for rapid screening and monitoring growth. The library contains the majority of the annotated essential genes as well as genes involved in cell wall and fatty acid biosynthesis, virulence factors, regulatory proteins, efflux, and respiration pathways. We evaluated the growth kinetics and plasmid stability over three passages for each clone in the library. We determined expression levels (mRNA and/or protein) in 396 selected clones. We screened the entire library and identified the Alr-expressing clone as the only recombinant strain, which grew in the presence of d-cycloserine (DCS). We confirmed that the Alr-expressing clone was resistant to DCS (7-fold shift in minimum inhibitory concentration). The library represents a new tool that can be used to screen for compound resistance and other phenotypes.
Transforming Access to Specialist Care for Inflammatory Bowel Disease: The PACE Telemedicine Program
Authors: Habashi Peter , Bouchard Shelley , Nguyen Geoffrey C 
Published: July 2018

Abstract

Background
There are significant geographic disparities in the delivery of IBD healthcare in Ontario which may ultimately impact health outcomes. Telemedicine-based health services may potentially bridge gaps in access to gastroenterologists in remote and underserved areas.

Methods
We conducted a needs assessment for IBD specialist care in Ontario using health administrative data. As part of a separate initiative to address geographic disparities in access to care, we described the development and implementation of our Promoting Access and Care through Centres of Excellence (PACE) Telemedicine Program. Over the first 18 months, we measured wait times and potential cost savings.

Results
We found substantial deficiencies in specialist care early in the course of IBD and continuous IBD care in regions where the number of gastroenterologists per capita were low. The PACE Telemedicine Program enabled new IBD consultations within a median time of 17 days (interquartile range [IQR], 7–32 days) and visits for active IBD symptoms with a median time of 8.5 days (IQR, 4–14 days). Forty-five percent of new consultations and 83% of patients with active IBD symptoms were seen within the target wait time of two weeks. Telemedicine services resulted in an estimated cost savings of $47,565 among individuals who qualified for Ontario’s Northern Travel Grant.

Conclusions
The implementation of telemedicine services for IBD is highly feasible and can reduce wait times to see gastroenterologists that meet nationally recommended targets and can lead to cost savings.
Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy for Spinal Metastases at the Extreme Ends of the Spine: Imaging-Based Outcomes for Cervical and Sacral Metastases
Authors: Zeng K Liang , Myrehaug Sten , Soliman Hany , Tseng Chia-Lin , Atenafu Eshetu G , Campbell Mikki , Faruqi Salman , Lee Young K , Ruschin Mark , da Costa Leodante , Yang Victor , Spears Julian , Heyn Chris , Maralani Pejman Jabehdar , Whyne Cari , Yee Albert , Sahgal Arjun 
Published: July 2018

Abstract

Background
The unique anatomy and biomechanical features of the cervical spine and sacrum may impact treatment outcomes following spine stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT). Current data for spine metastases are not specific for these locations.

Objective
To report imaging-based SBRT outcomes to cervical and sacral metastases.

Methods
We retrospectively reviewed our prospective spine SBRT database for cervical and sacral metastases. Patients were followed at 2- to 3-mo intervals with a clinical visit and full spine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and we report overall survival (OS), vertebral compression fracture (VCF), and MR imaging-based local control (LC) rates.

Results
Fifty-two patients and 93 treated spinal segments were identified. Fifty-six segments were within the cervical spine and 37 within the sacrum, the median follow-up was 14.4 and 19.5 mo, and the median total dose/number of fractions was 24 Gy/2, respectively. Cumulative LC at 1 and 2 yr were 94.5% and 92.7% for the cervical cohort, and 86.5% and 78.7% in the sacral cohort, respectively. Lack of posterior spinal element involvement in the cervical spine (P < .0001) and absence of epidural disease (hazard ratio 0.275, 95% confidence interval 0.076-0.989, P = .048) in the sacral cohort predicted LC. Median OS was 16.3 and 28.5 mo in the cervical spine and sacrum cohorts, respectively. Two cases of sacral VCF, 1 brachial plexopathy, and 1 lumbar-sacral plexopathy were observed.

CONCLUSION
Although high rates of LC were observed, strategies specific to the sacrum may require further optimization.
Knockout of tnni1b in zebrafish causes defects in atrioventricular valve development via the inhibition of the myocardial wnt signaling pathway
Authors: Cai Chen , Sang Caijun , Du Juan , Jia Haibo , Tu Jiayi , Wan Qing , Bao Binghao , Xie Shanglun , Huang Ying , Li Ao , Li Jiayu , Yang Kun , Wang Song , Lu Qunwei 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACTThe proper development of atrioventricular (AV) valves is critical for heart morphogenesis and for the formation of the cardiac conduction system. Defects in AV valve development are the most common type of congenital heart defect. Cardiac troponin I (ctnni), a structural and regulatory protein involved in cardiac muscle contraction, is a subunit of the troponin complex, but the functions and molecular mechanisms of ctnni during early heart development remain unclear. We created a knockout zebrafish model in which troponin I type 1b (tnnilb) (Tnni‐HC, heart and craniofacial) was deleted using the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat/clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat‐associated protein system. In the homozygous mutant, the embryos showed severe pericardial edema, malformation of the heart tube, reduction of heart rate without contraction and with almost no blood flow, heart cavity congestion, and lack of an endocardial ring or valve leaflet, resulting in 88.8 ± 6.0% lethality at 7 d postfertilization. Deletion of tnni1b caused the abnormal expression of several markers involved in AV valve development, including bmp4, cspg2, has2, notch1b, spp1, and Alcam. Myocardial re‐expression of tnni1b in mutants partially rescued the pericardial edema phenotype and AV canal (AVC) developmental defects. We further showed that tnni1b knockout in zebrafish and ctnni knockdown in rat h9c2 myocardial cells inhibited cardiac wnt signaling and that myocardial reactivation of wnt signaling partially rescued the abnormal expression of AVC markers caused by the tnnilb deletion. Taken together, our data suggest that tnni1b plays a vital role in zebrafish AV valve development by regulating the myocardial wnt signaling pathway.—Cai, C., Sang, C., Du, J., Jia, H., Tu, J., Wan, Q., Bao, B., Xie, S., Huang, Y., Li, A., Li, J., Yang, K., Wang, S., Lu, Q. Knockout of tnnilb in zebrafish causes defects in atrioventricular valve development via the inhibition of myocardial wnt signaling pathway. FASEB J. 33, 696–710 (2019). www.fasebj.org
Regular Exercisers Have Stronger Pelvic Floor Muscles Than Nonregular Exercisers at Midpregnancy
Authors: Bø Kari , Ellstrøm Engh Marie , Hilde Gunvor 
Published: July 2018

(Abstracted from Am J Obstet Gynecol 2018;218:427.e1–427.e5)
Clinicians encourage all healthy pregnant women to be physically active throughout pregnancy. Specific recommendations include participation in at least 30 minutes of aerobic activity most days of the week, strength training of the major muscle groups 2 to 3 days per week, and pelvic floor muscle (PFM) training.