bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strain‐Mediated Phase Stabilization: A New Strategy for Ultrastable α‐CsPbI3 Perovskite by Nanoconfined Growth
Authors: Ma Sunihl , Kim Seong Hun , Jeong Beomjin , Kwon Hyeok‐Chan , Yun Seong‐Cheol , Jang Gyumin , Yang Hyunha , Park Cheolmin , Lee Donghwa , Moon Jooho 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAll‐inorganic cesium lead triiodide (CsPbI3) perovskite is considered a promising solution‐processable semiconductor for highly stable optoelectronic and photovoltaic applications. However, despite its excellent optoelectronic properties, the phase instability of CsPbI3 poses a critical hurdle for practical application. In this study, a novel stain‐mediated phase stabilization strategy is demonstrated to significantly enhance the phase stability of cubic α‐phase CsPbI3. Careful control of the degree of spatial confinement induced by anodized aluminum oxide (AAO) templates with varying pore sizes leads to effective manipulation of the phase stability of α‐CsPbI3. The Williamson–Hall method in conjunction with density functional theory calculations clearly confirms that the strain imposed on the perovskite lattice when confined in vertically aligned nanopores can alter the formation energy of the system, stabilizing α‐CsPbI3 at room temperature. Finally, the CsPbI3 grown inside nanoporous AAO templates exhibits exceptional phase stability over three months under ambient conditions, in which the resulting light‐emitting diode reveals a natural red color emission with very narrow bandwidth (full width at half maximum of 33 nm) at 702 nm. The universally applicable template‐based stabilization strategy can give in‐depth insights on the strain‐mediated phase transition mechanism in all‐inorganic perovskites.
Impact of aerodynamic modeling on seakeeping performance of a floating horizontal axis wind turbine
Authors: Leroy Vincent , Gilloteaux Jean‐Christophe , Lynch Mattias , Babarit Aurélien , Ferrant Pierre 
Published: April 2019

AbstractOver the last decade, several coupled simulation tools have been developed in order to design and optimize floating wind turbines (FWTs). In most of these tools, the aerodynamic modeling is based on quasi‐steady aerodynamic models such as the blade element momentum (BEM). It may not be accurate enough for FWTs as the motion of the platform induces highly unsteady phenomena around the rotor. To address this issue, a new design tool has been developed coupling a seakeeping solver with an unsteady aerodynamic solver based on the free vortex wake (FVW) theory. This tool is here compared with the reference code FAST, which is based on the BEM theory in order to characterize the impact of the aerodynamic model on the seakeeping of a floating horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT). Aerodynamic solvers are compared for the case of the free floating NREL 5MW HAWT supported by the OC3Hywind SPAR. Differences obtained between the models have been analyzed through a study of the aerodynamic loads acting on the same turbine in imposed harmonic surge and pitch motions. This provides a better understanding of the intrinsic differences between the quasi‐steady and unsteady aerodynamic solvers. The study shows that differences can be observed between the three aerodynamic solvers, especially at high tip speed ratio (TSR) for which unsteady aerodynamic phenomena and complex wake dynamics occur. Observed discrepancies in the predictions of the FWT dynamic response can raise issues when designing such a system with a state‐of‐the‐art design tool.
Curvature squared invariants in six-dimensional $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = (1, 0) supergravity
Authors: Butter Daniel , Novak Joseph , Ozkan Mehmet , Pang Yi , Tartaglino-Mazzucchelli Gabriele 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
We describe the supersymmetric completion of several curvature-squared invariants for $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= (1, 0) supergravity in six dimensions. The construction of the invariants is based on a close interplay between superconformal tensor calculus and recently developed superspace techniques to study general off-shell supergravity-matter couplings. In the case of minimal off-shell Poincaré supergravity based on the dilaton-Weyl multiplet coupled to a linear multiplet as a conformal compensator, we describe off-shell supersymmetric completions for all the three possible purely gravitational curvature-squared terms in six dimensions: Riemann, Ricci, and scalar curvature squared. A linear combination of these invariants describes the off-shell completion of the Gauss-Bonnet term, recently presented in arXiv:1706.09330. We study properties of the Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet super-gravity, which plays a central role in the effective low-energy description of α′-corrected string theory compactified to six dimensions, including a detailed analysis of the spectrum about the AdS3 × S3 solution. We also present a novel locally superconformal invariant based on a higher-derivative action for the linear multiplet. This invariant, which includes gravitational curvature-squared terms, can be defined both coupled to the standard-Weyl or dilaton-Weyl multiplet for conformal supergravity. In the first case, we show how the addition of this invariant to the supersymmetric Einstein-Hilbert term leads to a dynamically generated cosmological constant and non-supersymmetric (A)dS6 solutions. In the dilaton-Weyl multiplet, the new off-shell invariant includes Ricci and scalar curvaturesquared terms and possesses a nontrivial dependence on the dilaton field.
The conservation status assessment of Natura 2000 forest habitats in Europe: capabilities, potentials and challenges of national forest inventories data
Authors: Alberdi Iciar , Nunes Leónia , Kovac Marko , Bonheme Ingrid , Cañellas Isabel , Rego Francisco Castro , Dias Susana , Duarte Inês , Notarangelo Monica , Rizzo Maria , Gasparini Patrizia 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Key message
There is a need to improve the consistency of international information concerning the conservation status assessment of the species and habitat types in the Natura 2000 reports. National Forest Inventories could contribute towards a more objective and harmonised assessment although their use shows some challenges as low precision for rare or small area habitats. Recommendations for a set of 12 structural and functional indicators are provided.

Context
There are differences among Member States as regards applying conservation status assessment and priorities according to the Directive on the conservation of natural habitats (Habitats Directive).

Aims
This paper aims to analyse the consistency as regards forest habitat types reporting and the use and suitability of National Forest Inventories (NFIs) to assess their conservation status, as well as to provide recommendations for harmonised assessments through NFIs.

Methods
A survey was carried out concerning the use of NFI data to report within the commitments of the Habitat Directive. The survey covered 13 European countries, accounting for 62% of forest habitat area. Additionally, case studies were carried out in four countries.

Results
The identification of forest habitat types and the set of quantitative and/or qualitative indicators differ between countries. The use of NFI data is being considered in seven countries and it is expected to increase for the 2013–2018 reporting period. The main challenges reported of use of NFI data are related to the habitat identification and their mapping, and the monitoring frequency, design and costs (i.e. rare or small area habitats).

Conclusion
It is necessary to improve the comparability of the conservation status assessments between countries.
The Museum as Rift Zone – The Construction and Representation of “East” and “Central” Africa in the (Belgian) Congo Museum/Royal Museum for Central Africa
Authors: Couttenier Maarten 
Published: April 2019

Abstract:This article discusses how the (post)colonial museum in Tervuren helped to create an artificial separation between “East” and “Central” Africa on both sides of Lake Tanganyika, while in reality this was and still is a zone of encounter. The exclusion of the “Arab” was twofold. First, East African objects were not exhibited. Second, “Eastern” material culture that was collected in Central Africa, became represented as imported traces of “barbary,” only highlighting the “civilizing mission” of European colonization.
The Metropolitan Effect: Colonial Influence on the Internationalization of Francophone African Firms
Authors: Meouloud Tah Ahmed , Mudambi Ram , Hill TL 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACTDrawing on the experience of firms of various sizes from Francophone Africa, we explore how the internationalization trajectories of frontier economy firms may vary from those predicted by theory. The firms studied followed social, linguistic, cultural, and institutional gradients to internationalize first to France, rather than to neighboring countries, and did so in search of not only markets and resources but also legitimacy. In turn, the sales, resources, and legitimacy acquired in France supported further international expansion, sometimes even to neighboring countries. Although our insights derive from the experience of Francophone firms from Africa, we argue that for firms from all former colonies, the internationalization trajectory leads through the colonial center. Our findings underline the roles of legitimacy-seeking and network ties in the internationalization of frontier market firms and serve as a salutatory reminder of the lingering influence of colonial ties on international business.
BMI and adiposity based approach to obesity: the need for ethnic specificity. A reply to Kapooret al. (2019)
Authors: Kryst Łukasz , Żegleń Magdalena , Wronka Iwona , Woronkowicz Agnieszka , Bilińska-Pawlak Inez , Das Rituparna , Saha Rana , Das Sukanta , Dasgupta Parasmani 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe ethnicity of the studied group is one of the key characteristics that should be taken into consideration when analysing the problem of overweight and obesity. It is especially crucial in populations of countries such as India, where the proportion of the fat to lean mass and general adiposity are significantly different from those observed among Europeans. This can cause a higher risk of various metabolic-related diseases to appear at relatively lower absolute adiposity. Therefore, there is a need for further research regarding the issues of body mass and composition in Indian populations, to obtain additional information as well as to develop ethnically specific cut-off points.
Clinical and theoretical relevance of responses to analogues of psychotic experiences in people with psychotic experiences with and without a need-for-care: an experimental study
Authors: Ward Thomas , Garety Philippa. A , Jackson Mike , Peters Emmanuelle 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundCertain ways of responding to psychotic experiences (PEs) appear more commonly associated with clinical distress (e.g. avoidance) and other ways with benign or positive outcomes (e.g. reappraisal and acceptance). Past research has largely been limited to retrospective self-report. We aimed to compare clinical and non-clinical individuals on experimental analogues of anomalous experiences.MethodResponse styles of two groups with persistent PEs (clinical n = 84; non-clinical n = 92) and a control group without PEs (n = 83) were compared following experimental analogues of thought interference (Cards Task, Telepath) and hearing voices (Virtual Acoustic Space Paradigm).ResultsThe non-clinical group with PEs were less likely to endorse unhelpful response styles, such as passive responding or attempts to avoid, suppress, worry about or control mental experiences, compared with the clinical group on all three tasks. The clinical group were more likely to endorse unhelpful response styles compared with controls on two out of three tasks (Cards Task and Telepath). The non-clinical group performed similarly to controls on unhelpful responding across all tasks. There were no group differences for helpful response styles, such as cognitive reappraisal or mindful acceptance of experiences.ConclusionsIn line with cognitive models of psychosis, the findings suggest that the way in which individuals respond to unusual experiences may be an important factor in understanding clinical distress, supporting the therapeutic rationale of targeting potentially unhelpful patterns of response.
Video for Knowledge Translation: Engaging Older Adults in Social and Physical Activity
Authors: Ottoni Callista A. , Sims-Gould Joanie , McKay Heather A. 
Published: April 2019

RÉSUMÉUne vaste majorité des Canadiens âgés ne pratiquent pas suffisamment d’activité physique. Le développement de stratégies originales et innovantes encourageant et appuyant les modes de vie actifs est donc urgent. La vidéo est un outil prometteur pour l’application de connaissances (AC) visant l’engagement de divers publics dans la discussion et l’adoption de comportements favorisant la santé. L’Approche systématique pour les vidéos fondées sur des données probantes (Systematic Approach to Evidence-informed Video, SAEV), qui fournit un cadre pour guider et structurer le développement de vidéos ayant pour objectif l’AC, a été utilisée pour la création et la diffusion d’un documentaire de 19 minutes,I’d Rather Stay(https://vimeo.com/80503957). Quarante-huit participants âgés de 60 ans et plus ont visionné la vidéo, participé à des groupes de discussion et rempli des questionnaires concernant cette vidéo. Les données ont été recueillies après le visionnement et lors d’un suivi organisé six mois plus tard. La vidéo a éduqué, encouragé et mobilisé les personnes âgées sur les questions liées à l’autonomie, à l’activité physique et aux liens sociaux. Nous encourageons les chercheurs à adopter des stratégies d’AC auxquelles les personnes âgées peuvent s’identifier, qui sont accessibles et par lesquelles elles peuvent s’engager à un niveau critique, autant sur le plan émotionnel qu’intellectuel, comme les vidéos basées sur des preuves scientifiques.
Effects of a mobile game-based English vocabulary learning app on learners’ perceptions and learning performance: A case study of Taiwanese EFL learners
Authors: Chen Chih-Ming , Liu Huimei , Huang Hong-Bin 
Published: April 2019

AbstractMany studies have demonstrated that vocabulary size plays a key role in learning English as a foreign language (EFL). In recent years, mobile game-based learning (MGBL) has been considered a promising scheme for successful acquisition and retention of knowledge. Thus, this study applies a mixed methodology that combines quantitative and qualitative approaches to assess the effects of PHONE Words, a novel mobile English vocabulary learning app (application) designed with game-related functions (MEVLA-GF) and without game-related functions (MEVLA-NGF), on learners’ perceptions and learning performance. During a four-week experiment, 20 sophomore students were randomly assigned to the experimental group with MEVLA-GF support or the control group with MEVLA-NGF support for English vocabulary learning. Analytical results show that performance in vocabulary acquisition and retention by the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group. Moreover, questionnaire results confirm that MEVLA-GF is more effective and satisfying for English vocabulary learning than MEVLA-NGF. Spearman rank correlation results show that involvement and dependence on gamified functions were positively correlated with vocabulary learning performance.
Measuring lunchtime consumption in school cafeterias: a validation study of the use of digital photography
Authors: Marcano-Olivier Mariel , Erjavec Mihela , Horne Pauline J , Viktor Simon , Pearson Ruth 
Published: April 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe present study tested the validity of a digital image-capture measure of food consumption suitable for use in busy school cafeterias.DesignLunches were photographed pre- and post-consumption, and food items were weighed pre- and post-consumption for comparison.SettingA small research team recorded children’s lunchtime consumption in one primary and one secondary school over seven working days.ParticipantsA primary-school sample of 121 children from North Wales and a secondary-school sample of 124 children from the West Midlands, UK, were utilised. Nineteen children were excluded because of incomplete data, leaving a final sample of 239 participants.ResultsResults indicated that (i) consumption estimates based on images were accurate, yielding only small differences between the weight- and image-based judgements (median bias=0·15–1·64 g, equating to 0·45–3·42 % of consumed weight) and (ii) good levels of inter-rater agreement were achieved, ranging from moderate to near perfect (Cohen’sκ=0·535–0·819). This confirmed that consumption estimates derived from digital images were accurate and could be used in lieu of objective weighed measures.ConclusionsOur protocol minimised disruption to daily lunchtime routine, kept the attrition low, and enabled better agreement between measures and raters than was the case in the existing literature. Accurate measurements are a necessary tool for all those engaged in nutrition research, intervention evaluation, prevention and public health work. We conclude that our simple and practical method of assessment could be used with children across a range of settings, ages and lunch types.
The Top‐Down Solidification of Iron Asteroids Driving Dynamo Evolution
Authors: Neufeld Jerome A. , Bryson James F. J. , Nimmo Francis 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe cores of some small planetesimals, such as asteroid (16) Psyche, are thought to have been exposed through collisions during the early solar system that removed their mantles. These small bodies likely solidified from the top down representing a fundamentally different solidification regime to that of Earth's core. Here we derive simplified models of the downward solidification of the metallic crust and consider thermal convection and the potential for viscous delamination of the weak, warm base of the crust to provide a buoyancy flux sufficient to drive a dynamo. Thermal buoyancy is very short lived (∼1,000 years) and therefore cannot be the source of measured paleomagnetic remanence. In contrast, viscous delamination is found to provide a long‐lasting buoyancy flux sufficient to generate an intense, multipolar magnetic field, while not greatly affecting the crustal solidification time. Our results suggest that a Psyche‐sized (150‐km radius) body solidified in roughly 6.7–20 Myr and that delamination produced a strong magnetic field over much of this time. Finally, including light, insoluble impurities, such as sulfur, results in a partially solid mushy zone at the base of the crust. This further weakens the base of the crust and results in smaller‐scale delamination events. Despite a significant change in the dynamics of delamination, the time to total solidification and the predicted properties of the magnetic field are broadly comparable to the sulfur‐free case, though we argue this may result in observable compositional stratification of the body.
Classification of the human phox homology (PX) domains based on their phosphoinositide binding specificities
Authors: Chandra Mintu , Chin Yanni K.-Y. , Mas Caroline , Feathers J. Ryan , Paul Blessy , Datta Sanchari , Chen Kai-En , Jia Xinying , Yang Zhe , Norwood Suzanne J. , Mohanty Biswaranjan , Bugarcic Andrea , Teasdale Rohan D. , Henne W. Mike , Mobli Mehdi , Collins Brett M. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractPhox homology (PX) domains are membrane interacting domains that bind to phosphatidylinositol phospholipids or phosphoinositides, markers of organelle identity in the endocytic system. Although many PX domains bind the canonical endosome-enriched lipid PtdIns3P, others interact with alternative phosphoinositides, and a precise understanding of how these specificities arise has remained elusive. Here we systematically screen all human PX domains for their phospholipid preferences using liposome binding assays, biolayer interferometry and isothermal titration calorimetry. These analyses define four distinct classes of human PX domains that either bind specifically to PtdIns3P, non-specifically to various di- and tri-phosphorylated phosphoinositides, bind both PtdIns3P and other phosphoinositides, or associate with none of the lipids tested. A comprehensive evaluation of PX domain structures reveals two distinct binding sites that explain these specificities, providing a basis for defining and predicting the functional membrane interactions of the entire PX domain protein family.
Mad1 destabilizes p53 by preventing PML from sequestering MDM2
Authors: Wan Jun , Block Samuel , Scribano Christina M. , Thiry Rebecca , Esbona Karla , Audhya Anjon , Weaver Beth A. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractMitotic arrest deficient 1 (Mad1) plays a well-characterized role in the mitotic checkpoint. However, interphase roles of Mad1 that do not impact mitotic checkpoint function remain largely uncharacterized. Here we show that upregulation of Mad1, which is common in human breast cancer, prevents stress-induced stabilization of the tumor suppressor p53 in multiple cell types. Upregulated Mad1 localizes to ProMyelocytic Leukemia (PML) nuclear bodies in breast cancer and cultured cells. The C-terminus of Mad1 directly interacts with PML, and this interaction is enhanced by sumoylation. PML stabilizes p53 by sequestering MDM2, an E3 ubiquitin ligase that targets p53 for degradation, to the nucleolus. Upregulated Mad1 displaces MDM2 from PML, freeing it to ubiquitinate p53. Upregulation of Mad1 accelerates growth of orthotopic mammary tumors, which show decreased levels of p53 and its downstream effector p21. These results demonstrate an unexpected interphase role for Mad1 in tumor promotion via p53 destabilization.
A TetR-family transcription factor regulates fatty acid metabolism in the archaeal model organism Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
Authors: Wang Kun , Sybers David , Maklad Hassan Ramadan , Lemmens Liesbeth , Lewyllie Charlotte , Zhou Xiaoxiao , Schult Frank , Bräsen Christopher , Siebers Bettina , Valegård Karin , Lindås Ann-Christin , Peeters Eveline 
Published: April 2019

AbstractFatty acid metabolism and its regulation are known to play important roles in bacteria and eukaryotes. By contrast, although certain archaea appear to metabolize fatty acids, the regulation of the underlying pathways in these organisms remains unclear. Here, we show that a TetR-family transcriptional regulator (FadRSa) is involved in regulation of fatty acid metabolism in the crenarchaeon Sulfolobus acidocaldarius. Functional and structural analyses show that FadRSa binds to DNA at semi-palindromic recognition sites in two distinct stoichiometric binding modes depending on the operator sequence. Genome-wide transcriptomic and chromatin immunoprecipitation analyses demonstrate that the protein binds to only four genomic sites, acting as a repressor of a 30-kb gene cluster comprising 23 open reading frames encoding lipases and β-oxidation enzymes. Fatty acyl-CoA molecules cause dissociation of FadRSa binding by inducing conformational changes in the protein. Our results indicate that, despite its similarity in overall structure to bacterial TetR-family FadR regulators, FadRSa displays a different acyl-CoA binding mode and a distinct regulatory mechanism.