bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Label‐Free Quantitative Proteomics of Enriched Nuclei from Sugarcane (Saccharum ssp) Stems in Response to Drought Stress
Authors: Salvato Fernanda , Loziuk Philip , Kiyota Eduardo , Daneluzzi Gabriel Silva , Araújo Pedro , Muddiman David C. , Mazzafera Paulo 
Published: June 2019

AbstractDrought is considered the major abiotic stress limiting crop productivity. This study seeks to identify proteins involved in the drought response in sugarcane stems submitted to drought stress. The integration of nuclei enrichment sample preparation with the shotgun proteomic approach results in great coverage of the sugarcane stem proteome with 5381 protein groups identified. A total of 1204 differentially accumulated proteins are detected in response to drought, among which 586 and 618 are increased and reduced in abundance, respectively. A total of 115 exclusive proteins are detected, being 41 exclusives of drought‐stressed plants and 74 exclusives of control plants. In the control plants, most of these proteins are related to cell wall metabolism, indicating that drought affects negatively the cell wall metabolism. Also, 37 transcription factors (TFs) are identified, which are low abundant nuclear proteins and are differentially accumulated in response to drought stress. These TFs are associated to protein domains such as leucine‐rich (bZIP), C2H2, NAC, C3H, LIM, Myb‐related, heat shock factor (HSF) and auxin response factor (ARF). Increased abundance of chromatin remodeling and RNA processing proteins are also observed. It is suggested that these variations result from an imbalance of protein synthesis and degradation processes induced by drought.
Estimating the segregation strength of microphase‐separated diblock copolymers from the interfacial width
Authors: Burns Adam B. , Christie Dane , Mulhearn William D. , Register Richard A. 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTThe ever‐growing catalog of monomers being incorporated into block polymers affords exceptional control over phase behavior and nanoscale structure. The segregation strength, χN, is the fundamental link between the molecular‐level detail and the thermodynamics. However, predicting phase behavior mandates at least one experimental measurement of χN for each pair of blocks. This typically requires access to the disordered state. We describe a method for estimating χN from small‐angle X‐ray scattering measurements of the interfacial width between lamellar microdomains, tx, in the microphase‐separated melt. The segregation strength is determined by comparing tx to self‐consistent field theory calculations of the intrinsic interfacial width, ti, as a function of the mean‐field χN. The method is validated using a series of independent experimental measurements of tx and χN, measured via the order–disorder transition temperature, TODT. The average absolute relative difference between χN calculated from tx and the value calculated from TODT is a modest 11%. Corrections for nonplanarity of the interfaces are investigated but do not improve the agreement between the experiments and theory. Published 2019. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2019 © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2019, 57, 932–940
Asthma control in children: Body plethysmography in addition to spirometry
Authors: Korten Insa , Zacharasiewicz Angela , Bittkowski Nina , Hofmann Alexander , Lex Christiane 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundThere is a lack of agreement among measures of asthma control in children. In Central Europe, body plethysmography is additionally used for asthma monitoring. However, its value is still unclear.ObjectivesWe investigated the possible additional value of body plethysmographic measures (specific resistance, residual volume‐total lung capacity ratio [RV/TLC]) compared with spirometric measures forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV
1), forced vital capacity (FVC), FEV
1/FVC, forced expiratory flow at 25% to 75% of forced vital capacity (FEF
25‐75), and fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) for assessment of asthma control.MethodsOne hundred and forty‐five asthmatic children aged 5 to 17 were included. All children performed measurements of FeNO, spirometry, and body plethymography. Asthma control was assessed by the asthma control test (c‐ACT/ACT) and a doctor's assessment of asthma control.ResultsInvestigating single lung function parameters, FEV1, FEV
1/FVC, FEF
25‐75 and RV/TLC differed between controlled and partly controlled asthma. However, we found no differences between controlled and uncontrolled asthma with regard to single lung function parameters or for any parameter if investigated in a multivariable approach. This was also true if we combined obtained parameters from spirometry (comparing pathologic vs normal spirometry). Investigating the combination of body plethysmography and doctor's assessment of asthma control a significant association was found (
P = 0.02). Furthermore, combined spirometry and body plethysmography showed a significant association with both doctor's assessed asthma control (
P = 0.009) and the c‐ACT/ACT (
P = 0.04). The addition of FeNO did not improve the results.ConclusionsThe combination of body plethysmography and spirometry shows best agreement with asthma control in children compared with spirometry or body plethysmography alone. Further studies are needed to find out whether additional measurements of body plethysmography improve the outcome of children in asthma monitoring.
Patterns of health care use related to respiratory conditions in early life: A birth cohort study with linked administrative data
Authors: Chen Wenjia , Subbarao Padmaja , McGihon Rachel E. , Feldman Laura Y. , Zhu Jingqin , Lou Wendy , Gershon Andrea S. , Abdullah Kawsari , Moraes Theo J. , Dubeau Aimée , Sears Malcolm R. , Lefebvre Diana L. , Turvey Stuart E. , Mandhane Piush J. , Azad Meghan B. , To Teresa 
Published: June 2019

AbstractObjectivesTo identify distinctive patterns of respiratory‐related health services use (HSU) between birth and 3 years of age, and to examine associated symptom and risk profiles.MethodsThis study included 729 mother and child pairs enrolled in the Toronto site of the Canadian Healthy Infant Longitudinal Development study in 2009‐2012; they were linked to Ontario health administrative databases (2009‐2016). A model‐based cluster analysis was performed to identify distinct groups of children who followed a similar pattern of respiratory‐related HSU between birth and 3 years of age, regarding hospitalization, emergency department (ED) and physician office visits for respiratory conditions and total health care costs (2016 Canadian dollars).ResultsThe majority (estimated cluster weight = 0.905) showed a pattern of low and stable respiratory care use (low HSU) while the remainder (weight = 0.095) showed a pattern of high use (high HSU). From 0 to 3 years of age, the low‐ and high‐HSU groups differed in mean trajectories of total health care costs ($783 per 6 months decreased to $114, vs $1796 to $177, respectively). Compared to low‐HSU, the high‐HSU group was associated with a constant risk of hospitalizations, early high ED utilization and physician visits for respiratory problems. The two groups differed significantly in the timing of wheezing (late onset in low‐HSU vs early in high‐HSU) and future total costs (stable vs increased).ConclusionsOne in ten children had high respiratory care use in early life. Such information can help identify high‐risk young children in a large population, monitor their long‐term health, and inform resource allocation.
A cryptic activity in the Nudix hydrolase superfamily
Authors: Bessman Maurice J. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe Nudix hydrolase superfamily is identified by a conserved cassette of 23 amino acids, and it is characterized by its pyrophosphorylytic activity on a wide variety of nucleoside diphosphate derivatives. Of the 13 members of the family in Escherichia coli, only one, Orf180, has not been identified with a substrate, although a host of nucleoside diphosphate compounds has been tested. Several reports have noted a strong similarity in the three‐dimensional structure of the unrelated enzyme, isopentenyl diphosphate isomerase (IDI) to the Nudix structure, and the report that a Nudix enzyme was involved in the synthesis of geraniol, a product of the two substrates of IDI, prompted an investigation of whether the IDI substrates, isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP), and dimethylallyl diphosphate (DAPP) could be substrates of Orf180. This article demonstrates that Orf180 does have a very low activity on IPP, DAPP, and geranyl pyrophosphate (GPP). However, several of the other Nudix enzymes with established nucleoside diphosphate substrates hydrolyze these compounds at substantial rates. In fact, some Nudix hydrolases have higher activities on IPP, DAPP, and GPP than on their signature nucleoside diphosphate derivatives.
Serum lipid profile as a predictor of dengue severity: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Lima William Gustavo , Souza Nayara Alves , Fernandes Simone Odília Antunes , Cardoso Valbert Nascimento , Godói Isabella Piassi 
Published: June 2019

SummaryDengue virus is known to modulate host cell lipid metabolism in order to promote efficient viral replication. Recent studies have focused on circulating lipids as potential biomarkers of dengue severity; however, the results obtained so far lack the consistency to establish a definite relationship between the two. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated serum lipids as potential biomarkers of dengue severity by conducting a meta‐analysis of the currently available clinical data. Nine studies that evaluated 1,953 patients were included in the review, many of which were cross‐sectional (44.4%) and conducted in Asian countries (55.5%). These studies observed the presence of lipids in serum samples (77%) of patients in the acute phase of the disease (88.8%). Circulating total‐cholesterol (P = .001) and LDL (P = .001) levels, but not HDL (P = .07), VLDL (P = .9) and triglyceride (P = .57) levels, were inversely and significantly correlated with dengue severity. Total cholesterol (P ≤ .001) and LDL (P = .001) were also useful in determining the risk of hypovolemic shock in patients with severe dengue. Subgroup analysis showed that factors, such as design (cross‐sectional vs cohort), racial‐ethnic differences (Asian vs Latin Americans), and age range (children vs adult) influenced the correlation and also contributed to the high level of heterogeneity in the studies. Our meta‐analysis demonstrates that total‐cholesterol and LDL‐cholesterol levels should be explored as routine laboratory markers for dengue severity, as they will help in employing an appropriate patient therapy, and thus optimize the use of available resources.
Large rivers as complex adaptive ecosystems
Authors: Thoms Martin , Sheldon Fran 
Published: June 2019

AbstractLarge rivers dominate the world's terrestrial surface, yet we are still learning of their structure, how they function, and whether they are different not only from each other, but also from smaller rivers. There is a benefit in framing large rivers as complex adaptive systems, as they contain essential features of these entities, the emergent properties of which are nonlinear and often display unpredictable behaviour in space and time, contagion, and modularity. Large rivers are also social–ecological systems with a high degree of coupling between natural and human components. The manuscripts in this special issue highlight these fundamental properties for large river ecosystems from different geographic regions of the world. This special issue is dedicated to three former editorial board members of River Research and Applications. The loss of Professors Bryan Davies (University of Cape Town, South Africa), Jay O'Keefe (Rhodes University, South Africa), and Keith Walker (University of Adelaide, Australia) leaves a great gap and a rich memory bank in river science—especially large river ecosystems.
High‐Yield Electrochemical Production of Large‐Sized and Thinly Layered NiPS3 Flakes for Overall Water Splitting
Authors: Li Xinzhe , Fang Yiyun , Wang Jun , Wei Bin , Qi Kun , Hoh Hui Ying , Hao Qiaoyan , Sun Tao , Wang Zhongchang , Yin Zongyou , Zhang Yupeng , Lu Jiong , Bao Qiaoliang , Su Chenliang 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAchieving large‐sized and thinly layered 2D metal phosphorus trichalcogenides with high quality and yield has been an urgent quest due to extraordinary physical/chemical characteristics for multiple applications. Nevertheless, current preparation methodologies suffer from uncontrolled thicknesses, uneven morphologies and area distributions, long processing times, and inferior quality. Here, a sonication‐free and fast (in minutes) electrochemical cathodic exfoliation approach is reported that can prepare large‐sized (typically ≈150 µm2) and thinly layered (≈70% monolayer) NiPS3 flakes with high crystallinity and pure phase structure with a yield ≈80%. During the electrochemical exfoliation process, the tetra‐n‐butylammonium salt with a large ionic diameter is decomposed into gaseous species after the intercalation and efficiently expands the tightly stratified bulk NiPS3 crystals, as revealed by in situ and ex situ characterizations. Atomically thin NiPS3 flakes can be obtained by slight manual shaking rather than sonication, which largely preserves in‐plane structural integrity with large size and minimum damage. The obtained high quality NiPS3 offers a new and ideal model for overall water splitting due to its inherent fully exposed S and P atoms that are often the active sites for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Consequently, the bifunctional NiPS3 exhibits outstanding performance for overall water splitting.
On wind turbine loads during the evening transition period
Authors: Lu Nan‐You , Basu Sukanta , Manuel Lance 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe late afternoon hours in the diurnal cycle precede the development of the nocturnal stable boundary layer. This “evening transition” (ET) period is often when energy demand peaks. This period also corresponds to the time of day that is a precursor to late‐afternoon downbursts, a subject of separate interest. To capture physical characteristics of wind fields in the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) during this ET period, particularly the interplay of shear and turbulence, stochastic simulation approaches, although more tractable, are not suitable. Large‐eddy simulation (LES), on the other hand, may be used to generate high‐resolution ABL turbulent flow fields. We present a suite of idealized LES four‐dimensional flow fields that define a database representing different combinations of large‐scale atmospheric conditions (characterized by associated geostrophic winds) and surface boundary conditions (characterized by surface heat fluxes). Our objective is to evaluate the performance of wind turbines during the ET period. Accordingly, we conduct a statistical analysis of turbine‐scale wind field variables. We then employ the database of these LES‐based inflow wind fields in aeroelastic simulations of a 5‐MW wind turbine. We discuss how turbine loads change as the ET period evolves. We also discuss maximum and fatigue loads on the rotor and tower resulting from different ABL conditions. Results of this study suggest that, during the ET period, the prevailing geostrophic wind speed affects the mean and variance of longitudinal winds greatly and thus has significant influence on all loads except the yaw moment which is less sensitive to uniform and symmetric incoming flow. On the other hand, surface heat flux levels affect vertical turbulence and wind shear more and, as a result, only affect maximum blade flapwise bending and tower fore‐aft bending loads.
Comparing Domain Decomposition Methods for the Parallelization of Distributed Land Surface Models
Authors: von Ramm Alexander , Weismüller Jens , Kurtz Wolfgang , Neckel Tobias 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Current research challenges in hydrology require high resolution models, which simulate the processes comprising the water-cycle on a global scale. These requirements stand in great contrast to the current capabilities of distributed land surface models. Hardly any literature noting efficient scalability past approximately 64 processors could be found. Porting these models to supercomputers is no simple task, because the greater part of the computational load stems from the evaluation of highly parametrized equations. Furthermore, the load is heterogeneous in both spatial and temporal dimension, and considerable load-imbalances occur triggered by input data. We investigate different domain decomposition methods for distributed land surface models and focus on their properties concerning load balancing and communication minimizing partitionings. Artificial strong scaling experiments from a single core to 8, 192 cores show that graph-based methods can distribute the computational load of the application almost as efficiently as coordinate-based methods, while the partitionings found by the graph-based method significantly reduce communication overhead.
Impact of mammalian cell culture conditions on monoclonal antibody charge heterogeneity: an accessory monitoring tool for process development
Authors: Sissolak Bernhard , Lingg Nico , Sommeregger Wolfgang , Striedner Gerald , Vorauer-Uhl Karola 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Recombinant monoclonal antibodies are predominantly produced in mammalian cell culture bioprocesses. Post-translational modifications affect the micro-heterogeneity of the product and thereby influence important quality attributes, such as stability, solubility, pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics. The analysis of the surface charge distribution of monoclonal antibodies provides aggregated information about these modifications. In this work, we established a direct injection pH gradient cation exchange chromatography method, which determines charge heterogeneity from cell culture supernatant without any purification steps. This tool was further applied to monitor processes that were performed under certain process conditions. Concretely, we were able to provide insights into charge variant formation during a fed-batch process of a Chinese hamster ovary cell culture, in turn producing a monoclonal antibody under varying temperatures and glucose feed strategies. Glucose concentration impacted the total emergence of acidic variants, whereas the variation of basic species was mainly dependent on process temperature. The formation rates of acidic species were described with a second-order reaction, where a temperature increase favored the conversion. This platform method will aid as a sophisticated optimization tool for mammalian cell culture processes. It provides a quality fingerprint for the produced mAb, which can be tested, compared to the desired target and confirmed early in the process chain.
Other causes of intestinal obstruction actino-mycetoma – a case report and literature review
Authors: Marín Jessica Correa , Llano Juan David Urrea , Gomez Alden Pool 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Introduction Actinomycosis is a rare infectious disease that affects abdominal organs and simulates oncological disease, hardly ever presents itself as a cause of intestinal obstruction.
Symptoms A 43 years old, male patient with two months of left abdominal pain associated to a growth and an 8 kg weight loss, no fever or bowel habit disruption.
Interventions A colonoscopy and an abdominal scanography.
Results A solid heterogeneous 7 × 3.8 cm mass localized in the splenic flexure of the colon with infiltration of its walls and its surrounding fat. Colon cancer was considered as the first diagnostic possibility. During hospitalization, the patient was taken to an emergency exploratory laparotomy, due to an acute abdominal pain with bowel obstruction symptoms.
Histopathological diagnosis Actinomycetoma. Conjoint continuous monitoring with the infectious disease attending, abdominal US and observation did not show new growths. Weight gain and progressive return to daily life was obtained within 8 weeks.
Conclusion In low income countries, intestinal actinomycosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of abdominal masses and chronic inflammatory processes, patient prognosis with proper management is excellent.
Supraglacial ice cliffs and ponds on debris-covered glaciers: spatio-temporal distribution and characteristics
Authors: STEINER JAKOB F. , BURI PASCAL , MILES EVAN S. , RAGETTLI SILVAN , PELLICCIOTTI FRANCESCA 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTIce cliffs and ponds on debris-covered glaciers have received increased attention due to their role in amplifying local melt. However, very few studies have looked at these features on the catchment scale to determine their patterns and changes in space and time. We have compiled a detailed inventory of cliffs and ponds in the Langtang catchment, central Himalaya, from six high-resolution satellite orthoimages and DEMs between 2006 and 2015, and a historic orthophoto from 1974. Cliffs cover between 1.4% (± 0.4%) in the dry and 3.4% (± 0.9%) in the wet seasons and ponds between 0.6% (± 0.1%) and 1.6% (± 0.3%) of the total debris-covered tongues. We find large variations between seasons, as cliffs and ponds tend to grow in the wetter monsoon period, but there is no obvious trend in total area over the study period. The inventory further shows that cliffs are predominately north-facing irrespective of the glacier flow direction. Both cliffs and ponds appear in higher densities several hundred metres from the terminus in areas where tributaries reach the main glacier tongue. On the largest glacier in the catchment ~10% of all cliffs and ponds persisted over nearly a decade.
The Natural Frequency of Vibration of Curved Rectangular Plates
Authors: Palmer P. J. 
Published: June 2019

SummaryThe natural frequency of vibration of curved rectangular plates, with both simply-supported and fixed edges, is evaluated for the fundamental extensional mode. This mode is thought to be applicable when the plates are excited by a uniformly distributed pressure as may occur with a dynamic pressure wave. The natural frequencies corresponding to this mode increase fairly rapidly with the curvature of the plate.The natural frequency of vibration of the plates when the mode is the fundamental inextensional mode is also considered. The frequency of this mode is higher than that of the extensional mode for small curvatures, but the inextensional mode frequency falls slowly with increase in curvature of the plate. Thus, if the curvature of the plate is sufficiently large, the frequency of the fundamental inextensional mode is lower than that of the extensional mode.
Creep Buckling
Authors: Hoff N. J. 
Published: June 2019

SummaryA theory of creep buckling is presented in which the instantaneous elastic and plastic deformations following the application of a load, as well as the steady creep deformations, are considered in an approximate manner. Equations are given from which the critical time, that is, the time elapsing between load application and the collapse of the column, can be computed.