bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The “Commons” Discourse on Marine Fisheries Resources: Another Antecedent to Hardin’s “Tragedy”
Authors: Scheiber Harry N. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Throughout the fifty years since its publication, Hardin’s “The Tragedy of the Commons” has been regarded as a seminal paper in the environmental movement, although his emphasis on population control (which actually formed the core concern of the article) has been largely forgotten. Hardin argued that free access by a growing population to common resources would inevitably lead to the depletion of those resources, citing as one example how maritime nations’ belief in the freedom of the seas, combined with their belief in the inexhaustibility of marine resources, had brought whales and many species of fish close to extinction. Hardin failed, however, to take account of the extensive debates throughout much of the twentieth century by scientists and policymakers on the general problem of the ocean commons — what they generally termed the “dilemma of the commons” — as it applied not only to living marine resources but also to mineral resources. By mid-century, as improved fishing technology gave rise to ever greater catches, the notion of the inexhaustibility of fisheries was largely discredited; hence scientists as well as experts in both national and international law became focused on addressing the dilemma of the commons through fisheries management, and specifically by determining the Maximum Sustainable Yield. Some economists, arguing instead for maximum efficiency, urged that open access be abandoned in favor of limited entry. Such measures to resolve the dilemma of the commons were the subject of numerous conferences (including the second UN Conference on the Law of the Sea in 1958) and were widely debated in scholarly publications and, indeed, by the late 1960s had been practically implemented by a number of laws and treaties. By 1966, national control over a twelve-mile fishing zone offshore of coastal nations had been well established. These developments regarding the oceans commons, predating Hardin’s article, were apparently either of no interest to him or (if he knew of them) purposefully subordinated to his main polemical objective, which was his Malthusian analysis of the commons issue and his call for limits on “human breeding.”
Confronting Hardin: Trends and Approaches to the Commons in Historiography
Authors: Bonan Giacomo 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
This Article analyses both the role of historiography in Hardin’s The Tragedy of the Commons (1968) and his paper’s impact on historiographical debates of the last five decades. Concerning the role of historiography in Hardin’s argument, the ‘tragedy of the commons’ itself derived from a pamphlet written by a nineteenth century supporter of English enclosures, who proposed a variant of Malthus’ theory. If Hardin inevitably dealt with previous historical interpretations of the commons, the reverberations aroused by his paper have strongly influenced subsequent historical research on this subject. It is possible to group the historiographical production of the last decades concerning the commons into three main lines of research. The first line has developed in the field of economic history and has been influenced by Elinor Ostrom’s principles for long-enduring institutions that efficaciously manage commons. The second line has focused on the conflicts caused by exogenous interferences in the management of common land, such as state or market intervention, and their social and environmental consequences. The third line has devoted attention to the role of common lands in the internal dynamics of the local communities and the conflicts over their use at the local level. The conclusion of this Article focuses on the role of Hardin’s legacy in the current debate on the global environmental crisis.
Biolabeling with cobaltocinium tags
Authors: Müller-Bomke Susanne , Sperling Michael , Hayen Heiko , Karst Uwe 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
A label for amino and thiol functionalities of peptides and proteins based on the activated cobaltocinium hexafluorophosphate succinimide ester (CoS) is presented. Despite the known selectivity of a succinimide ester towards amines, CoS also modifies cysteine residues under the same reaction conditions. The derivatized biomolecules were investigated using liquid chromatography with subsequent electrospray-mass spectrometric detection (LC/ESI-MS). In combination with their remarkable stability under physiological conditions, easy handling and good spectroscopic properties, cobaltocinium ions provide all requirements for a powerful labeling reagent. Furthermore, in direct comparison to the isoelectronic well-established ferrocene reagents, the higher redox potential and the chemical stability of the cobaltocinium moiety add to the benefits as a derivatizing agent for bioanalysis.
CRYOABLATION IN ATRIAL FIBRILLATION: RATIONALE OF THE NATIONAL PROSPECTIVE REGISTRY AND PRELIMINARY RESULTS
Authors: Mikhailov E. N. , Lyubimtseva T. A. , Davtyan K. V. , Topchian A. G. , Tarasyuk E. S. , Kryzhanovskiy D. V. , Kosonogov A. Ya. , Sagitov I. Sh. , Khomutinin D. N. , Grachev N. I. , Revishvili A. Sh. , Artyukhina E. A. , Korolev S. V. , Nechepurenko A. A. , Chetverikov S. Yu , Rzaev F. G. , Lebedev D. S. 
Published: August 2018

Aim. Current registry is the continued national study on cryoablation in atrial fibrillation (AF). The aim of the project is assessment of safety and efficacy of cryoballoon ablation of pulmonary veins from AF treatment in real clinical practice prospective observation.Material and methods. The project has been developed for prospective inclusion of the data to guarded automatic informational system, on clinical data of patients, ablation parameters, repeat ablation and results of 12-month follow-up. To participate in the project in January of 2017, the representatives of 33 in-patient facilities were invited, that routinely perform the procedure.Results. Twenty five institutions confirmed their participation, and by December of 2017, the database was completed by specialists from 13 clinics: information on the ablation procedure and outcomes is included for 451 patient. The enrollment is ongoing with estimated end by January 2019; prospective follow-up to be completed by January 2020.Conclusion. Prospective registry of AF cryoablation is important for gathering of experience and common analysis of the procedures throughout the country. Detailed analysis will make it to reveal predictors of efficacy and methods for procedural risk decrease.
THE RESULTS OF AN AIMED INCOMPLETE MYOCARDIAL REVASCULARIZATION WITH LOW INVASIVE AND STANDARD TECHNICS OF CORONARY BYPASS
Authors: Tarasov R. S. , Kazantsev A. N. , Barbarash L. S. , Zinets M. G. , Danilovich A. I. , Shabaev I. F. 
Published: August 2018

Aim.Comparison of in-hospital results of two strategies on an aimed incomplete myocardial revascularization (AIMR) ONCAB and MIDCAB of left anterior descending artery (LAD) in multivessel coronary disease patients.Material and methods.To the study, 63 patients included with achieved AIMR (LAD shunting) in multivessel disease. All patients, depending on the strategy of revascularization, were selected to 2 groups: 1. ONCAB (47,6%, n=30) and 2. MIDCAB (52,4%, n=33).Results.In the early post-surgery period of follow-up, among the adverse cardiovascular events, in the general selection of patients, there was non-fatal Q-myocardial infarction in MIDCAB group, followed by a decline of the left ventricle ejection fraction from 65% to 38%. ONCAB group was characterized by higher volume intra-operational blood loss, rate of wound and hemorrhagic complications, that in one case led to remediastinotomy, and in every tenth patient — blood transfusion during the early period. In our study, the chosen surgical strategy was the only alternative to medication therapy.Conclusion.In the study, at in-hospital stage of management there were comparable outcomes of AIMR with either ONCAB and MIDCAB. Nevertheless, coronary bypass with MIDCAB technology demonstrated a range of benefits related to decreased risk of hemorrhagic complications, wound infection and lower duration of hospitalization.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CO2 EMISSION AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN TURKEY: 1977-2011
Authors: AKBULUT BEKAR Seval 
Published: August 2018

Recently,
the relationship between carbon emission-environmental pollution and
sustainability of economic growth in both developed and developing countries
has been investigated empirically in the economic literature. The relationship
between per capita real Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and carbon emission (CO2)
has been intensively analyzed empirically over the past ten years in Turkey.
This study investigates the relationship between CO2 emission and
economic growth in the Turkish economy during the period 1977-2014 by using
Toda-Yamamoto and Dolado-Lütkepohl VAR causality analyses. Econometric analyses
show that there is a unidirectional positive causality from CO2 to
economic growth in Turkey for the period 1977-2014. The empirical results from
the TY and DL VAR causality tests strongly support a unidirectional causality
coming from CO2 emissions to GDP, meaning that CO2 contains
useful information for predicting GDP.
The findings in this study indicate that an increase in CO2
emissions leads to an increase in GDP.
Surgical cricothyroidotomy and the changing role of the anaesthetist in the emergency management of a suspected difficult airway
Authors: Wood Andrew , Lan‐Pak‐Kee Valerie , Dancey Madeleine , Shah Seema 
Published: August 2018

SummaryAn emergency surgical cricothyroidotomy was successfully performed as the primary airway intervention on a 66‐year‐old patient who presented to our hospital with severe respiratory compromise due to upper airway obstruction. The history included recent surgery to resect a mandibular tumour invading the base of the tongue. The clinical evidence available suggested that laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation would be difficult, time‐consuming and potentially futile. In contrast, the external anatomy suggested that cricothyrotomy would be relatively straightforward. Consequently, it was decided that primary front‐of‐neck access performed by the anaesthetist, who had been trained to perform this technique for the management of a can't intubate can't oxygenate scenario, would be the fastest and most reliable way to achieve adequate gas exchange. There is evidence to support this strategy in emergency situations.
An International Study of Determinants of Voluntary Carbon Assurance
Authors: Datt Rina , Luo Le , Tang Qingliang , Mallik Girijasankar 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACT
Driven by a scarcity of literature on the issue, this study investigates corporate incentives for external carbon emissions assurance. Our sample comprises 5,184 firm-year observations across 44 countries between 2010 and 2014. The descriptive result suggests that 66 percent of the sample firms received assurance and the number of firms that adopted carbon assurance increased during the period investigated. We find that firms exposed to higher carbon risks are more likely to voluntarily seek carbon assurance. Moreover, firms that had adopted carbon reduction initiatives, with an environmental committee, with carbon reduction incentives, or with higher carbon disclosure scores tend to obtain assurance. Our study is based on a number of corporate social responsibility theories; namely, legitimacy, signaling, information asymmetry, and institutional theory. This study contributes to the literature by empirically testing the validity and applicability of these theories in the emerging field of nonfinancial assurance services.
JEL Classifications: M42; Q54; Q56.
Assessment of the effects of gabapentin on activity levels and owner-perceived mobility impairment and quality of life in osteoarthritic geriatric cats
Authors: Guedes Alonso G. P. , Meadows Julie M. , Pypendop Bruno H. , Johnson Eric G. , Zaffarano Bianca 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
OBJECTIVE Toevaluate effects of gabapentin on activity levels and owner-perceived mobility impairment and quality of life (QOL) in osteoarthritic geriatric cats.
DESIGN Blinded, placebo-controlled, randomized crossover-design study.
ANIMALS 20 osteoarthritic cats (≥ 10 years old).
PROCEDURES Cats received gabapentin (10 mg/kg [4.5 mg/lb]) or placebo treatment, PO, every 12 hours for 2 weeks, followed by the alternate treatment (with no washout period). Activity was assessed with a collar-mounted accelerometer. A client-specific outcome measure (CSOM) questionnaire was used weekly to collect owner assessments of 3 selected activities in which their cats had impaired mobility; QOL ratings (worse, the same, or improved) following crossover to each treatment and for the overall study period were collected at the end of the investigation. Activity counts, CSOM and QOL data, and deterioration in impaired activities (ie, decrease of ≥ 2 points in CSOM scores) associated with treatment crossover were assessed statistically. Adverse events were recorded.
RESULTS Gabapentin administration was associated with significantly lower mean daily activity counts (48,333 vs 39,038 counts/d) and significantly greater odds (approx 3-fold change) of CSOM ratings indicating improvement in impaired activities, compared with results for the placebo treatment. A greater proportion of cats had deterioration in impaired activities after the crossover from gabapentin to placebo than when the opposite occurred, but the proportion of cats with worsened QOL did not differ between sequences. Adverse events were noted for 10 cats (9 that completed the study) during gabapentin treatment (sedation, ataxia, weakness, and muscle tremors) and 1 cat during placebo treatment (lethargy).
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Gabapentin treatment was associated with improvement in owner-identified impaired activities of osteoarthritic cats. Activity levels were lower than those during placebo treatment, and sedation was the most common adverse effect.
Initial effects of inflammation-related cytokines and signaling pathways on the pathogenesis of post-traumatic osteoarthritis
Authors: Han Peng-Fei , Zhang Zhi-Liang , Chen Tao-Yu , Zhao Rui-Peng , Zhang Rong , Li Xiao-Dong , Li Peng-Cui , Wei Lei , Lv Zhi , Wei Xiao-Chun 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The main pathological change in post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) is cartilage degeneration, which is closely related to inflammation and oxidative stress. Inflammation can cause degeneration of articular cartilage. Cartilage degeneration can also stimulate the progression of inflammation. It has been found that inflammatory cytokines can participate in the pathological process of cartilage degeneration through multiple signaling pathways, mainly mitogen-activated protein kinase, nuclear transcription factor kappa B, and Wnt–β-catenin signal transduction pathways. This review aimed at exploring the relationship between PTOA and inflammation-related cytokines by introducing the role of proinflammatory cytokines in chondrocyte destruction and extracellular matrix degradation.
Relationship between activities of daily living and depression among older adults and the quality of life of family caregivers
Authors: Xie Hui , Chen Pei-Wen , Zhao Long , Sun Xuan , Jia Xian-Jie 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

Objective
The purposes of this study were to explore the associations of activities of daily living (ADL) and depression among older adults with family caregivers’ quality of life and provide evidence for improving family caregivers’ quality of life.

Methods
Older adults (n=395) and their family caregivers (n=395) were selected as participants. The ADL scale and Geriatric Depression Scale were used to assess ADL and depression among older adults, and the 36-Item Short Form Health Questionnaire (SF-36) was used to assess family caregivers’ quality of life. Descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression were used to analyze the data.

Results
The older adults’ ADL and depression scores were 21±7 and 11±6, respectively. Approximately 69.9% of older adults had declining or severely impaired ADL, and 47.1% had mild or moderate-to-severe depression. Family caregivers’ mean quality of life score was 529±100. There was a negative correlation of older adults’ ADL and depression with caregivers’ quality of life. The correlation coefficient between ADL and the SF-36 mental component summary score was stronger than it was with the SF-36 physical component summary score.

Conclusions
The ADL and depression of older adults influenced family caregivers’ quality of life. Psychological health deserves closer attention, especially that of caregivers of disabled older adults.
Prevalence of osteoarthritis and association between smoking patterns and osteoarthritis in China: a cross-sectional study
Authors: He Qian-Qian , Zhang Jun-Feng 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

Objective
The aims of this study were to estimate the prevalence of radiographic osteoarthritis (OA) and to assess the association between smoking patterns and OA prevalence in adults aged 50 years or older belonging to the Shanxi province of China.

Methods
A cross-sectional study in the rural regions of the Shanxi province was conducted among 2638 Chinese adults (aged ≥50 years). Demographic characteristics and behavioral information were collected through epidemiological surveys. All participants with joint pain underwent plain radiographic examination and were diagnosed by a professional orthopedist. Associations between smoking patterns and the prevalence of OA were assessed using binary logistic regression modeling.

Results
Among 2638 individuals (men, 50.3% and women, 49.7%; mean age, 61.5 years) included in the analysis, 49.8% had radiographic OA and 27.5% had knee OA. The prevalence of radiographic OA was higher in women than in men (P<0.001). After adjusting for potential confounding factors, there was a nonsignificant correlation between smoking and OA prevalence in the multivariate model. Odds ratios (ORs) for all types of OA and knee OA were higher in active and passive smokers than in nonsmoking individuals after adjustments (OR 1.374; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.049–1.802; OR 1.440; 95% CI 1.059–1.958, respectively).

Conclusions
This study showed that smoking may not be an independent risk factor for OA; however, there was a positive correlation between active and passive smoking and OA.
Visualization analysis of the study of fund-sponsored clinical nursing papers
Authors: Tan Xi , Cheng Jin-Lian , Li Yu-Jiao 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

Objective
The aims of this study were to understand the status quo of authors, collaborations between institutions, research hotspots, and research frontiers of fund-sponsored clinical nursing papers and to provide a reference for Chinese scholars to conduct clinical nursing studies in the future.

Methods
The visualization software CiteSpace was used to analyze fund-sponsored clinical nursing papers published between 2012 and 2016 in 12 core journals of nursing.

Results
In the clinical nursing field, there are many cooperative author groups; however, the collaborations between institutions are not close and exist mainly within the same province or city. High-frequency keywords have revealed the four clinical nursing research hotspots of population, diseases, nursing intervention, and others. Chinese medicine nursing, prevention, treatment and nursing, and new technology-aided nursing of ventilator-associated pneumonia are the study frontiers of clinical nursing.

Conclusions
Clinical nursing studies are rich in content and cover a wide range of areas, and their hotspots and frontiers are closely related to the requirements of clinical nursing. Collaborations across regions, provinces, and cities are not adequate; there is an urgent need to strengthen the cross-regional exchanges and collaborations to promote the further development of clinical nursing.
Changes in the Stiffness of Thigh Muscles in the Left and Right Limbs During Six Weeks of Plyometric Training in Volleyball Players
Authors: Mroczek Dariusz , Superlak Edward , Konefał Marek , Maćkała Krzysztof , Chmura Paweł , Seweryniak Tomasz , Chmura Jan 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

Introduction
. Monitoring muscle stiffness in athletes can be a good method of assessing fatigue caused by high training loads, and the early detection of fatigue can help prevent the occurrence of micro-trauma in the muscles that can cause contusions. The research carried out by Wilson et al. [1] confirmed that an optimal level of muscle stiffness is significantly correlated with high muscle loads. The aim of the current study was to determine changes in muscle stiffness of the left and right thighs during six weeks of plyometric training (PT) in volleyball players.

Material and methods
. The study involved 16 volleyball players from the second-league Opole University of Technology Club (age = 21.12 ± 1.66 years, height = 191.62 ± 5.73 cm, and weight = 86.25 ± 6.66 kg) with at least five years of competitive experience (7.5 ± 2.44 years). Muscle stiffness was measured during three stages of the plyometric training using a MYOTON PRO device (Estonia).

Results
. An RM-ANOVA analysis showed a significant difference in the resting stiffness of the semitendinosus (posterior thigh) muscles of the left and right limbs before the plyometric training began, but no significant differences were found in the stiffness of these muscles in the fourth or sixth weeks of training. The results of the measurement performed for the anterior muscles of the thigh did not reveal a significant difference in the stiffness of the left limb compared to that of the right limb in subsequent weeks of training.

Conclusion
. The loads used in plyometric training in volleyball players caused a decrease in the differences in muscle stiffness between the left and right limbs, and in both limbs, adaptation trended towards an increase or a decrease in stiffness.
Nt-ProBNP Discriminatory Role Between Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Patients with Severe Valvular Aortic Stenosis
Authors: Antova Emilija , Petkovska Lidija , Bosevski Marijan , Stojkovik Jagoda , Hadzy-Petrushev Nikola , Kamkin Andre , Mladenov Mitko 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

Background: The aim was to evaluate the Nt-proBNP discriminatory role between symptomatic and asymptomatic patients with severe aortic stenosis.

Methods: 187 patients with severe valvular aortic stenosis, with normal EF > 50%, were included, 61 asymptomatic and 126 symptomatic. We used clinical, laboratory (Nt-proBNP) and echocardiographic parameters. Endpoints of monitoring (occurrence of event) were: the onset of symptoms in asymptomatic patients and death in both groups.

Results: The symptomatic group with severe AS had a significantly higher means of Nt-proBNP, in comparison with the asymptomatic group. Nt-proBNP was a significant predictor for the risk of event occurrence (HR 1.4). In the group of severe AS without CAD (n = 101), the subgroup with Nt-proBNP above the cut-off value, took significantly higher percentage of patients with chest pain, fatigue and syncope. In the group with Nt-proBNP above the cut-off value, we had a significantly higher percentage of patients with severe AS without CAD, compared to those with CAD (n = 142). Nt-proBNP was negatively correlated with AVA and LVEF, whether the positive correlation was expressed for: LVEDd, LVEDs, IVSd, AV_Vmax, AV_MaxGrad, LVM and LA. Patients with Nt-proBNP above the cut-off, had a significantly lower event free survival, compared to patients with Nt-proBNP below the cut-off (n = 187; n = 101).

Conclusion: The Nt-proBNP cut-off> 460 pg/ml was confirmed as a useful tool in the determination of event free survival in patients with severe AS. Nt-proBNP not only had relevance in the assessment of the severity of the disease, but also was a significant predictor for the risk of event occurrence.