bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychosis associated with cannabis withdrawal: systematic review and case series
Authors: Chesney Edward , Reilly Thomas J. , Scott Fraser , Slimani Ikram , Sarma Ananya , Kornblum Daisy , Oliver Dominic , McGuire Philip 
Published: December 2024

Background
Abrupt cessation of heavy cannabis use can cause a withdrawal syndrome characterised by irritability, anxiety, insomnia, reduced appetite and restlessness. Recent reports have also described people in whom cannabis withdrawal immediately preceded the acute onset of psychosis.

Aims
To identify cases of psychosis associated with cannabis withdrawal.

Method
We completed a systematic review of the literature, which comprised case reports, case series and other studies. We also searched a large electronic database of psychiatric healthcare records.

Results
The systematic review identified 44 individuals from 21 studies in whom cannabis withdrawal preceded the development of acute psychosis. In the health record study, we identified another 68 people, of whom 47 involved a first episode of psychosis and 21 represented further episodes of an existing psychotic disorder. Almost all people were daily cannabis users who had stopped using cannabis abruptly. Individuals who continued to use cannabis after the acute psychotic episode had a much higher risk of subsequent relapse than those who abstained (odds ratio 13.9 [95% CI: 4.1 to 56.9]; χ2 = 20.1, P < 0.00001).

Conclusions
Abrupt cannabis withdrawal may act as a trigger for the first episode of psychosis and a relapse of an existing psychosis. Acute psychotic symptoms can emerge after the cessation, as well as following the use, of cannabis.
Nectin-4 Positivity in Genitourinary Malignancies: A Systematic Review
Authors: Crupi Emanuele , Costa de Padua Tiago , Marandino Laura , Fallara Giuseppe , Pederzoli Filippo , Cimadamore Alessia , Goetz Emanuele C. , Cigliola Antonio , Patané Damiano A. , Mercinelli Chiara , Tateo Valentina , Salonia Andrea , Briganti Alberto , Montorsi Francesco , Meeks Joshua J. , Spiess Philippe E. , Alhalabi Omar , Gao Jianjun , Kamat Ashish M. , Grivas Petros , Necchi Andrea , Raggi Daniele 
Published: December 2024

PURPOSE
Aberrant expression of nectin-4 (N4) has been observed in several malignancies emerging as new target for antibody-drug conjugates, especially in urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UBC). Limited data on N4 positivity in nonurothelial genitourinary (GU) cancers are available. This systematic-review aimed to investigate N4 positivity among GU malignancies.

METHODS
A systematic literature review was performed on March 2023 using PubMed, MEDLINE, and Embase databases according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement. Protocol was amended to incorporate a new updated search on March 2024.

RESULTS
Twenty-five studies evaluating N4 positivity in GU tumors were included, 14 on UBC, three on upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC), six on histologic subtypes (HS) and divergent histology of the bladder, one on papillary renal cell carcinoma (pRCC), one in chromophobe RCC (chRCC), two on penile cancer, one in prostate cancer (PCa). Among UBC, stratifying per stage N4 positivity was higher in metastatic (weighted mean [WM], 90.8; range, 59.6-100) and in non–muscle-invasive (WM, 87.4; range, 86.7-88.3) than in muscle-invasive UC (WM, 83.1; range, 68.2-100). The N4 positivity of UBC was higher than UTUC (WM, 62.9; range, 44.4-65.7). Immunohistochemistry N4 positivity was reported to be lower in non-UC malignancies, including pRCC (WM, 44.1; range, 44.1-44.1), HS (WM, 63.5; range, 0-100), PCa (WM0; range, 0-0), chRCC (WM, 18.5; range, 18.5-18.5), and penile cancer (WM, 86.5; range, 61.4-98.3), compared with UBC overall (WM, 87.1; range, 59.6-100).

CONCLUSION
Non-UC malignancies seem to have a lower N4 positivity rate than UC. N4 positivity in bladder cancer appears to vary according to stage and presence of HS. The predictive and prognostic role of N4 must be further characterized in larger and prospective studies.
CompLex: Legal systems through the lens of complexity science
Authors: Vivo Pierpaolo , Katz Daniel M. , Ruhl J. B. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
While “complexity science” has achieved significant successes in several interdisciplinary fields such as economics and biology, it is only a very recent observation that legal systems —from the way legal texts are drafted and connected to the rest of the corpus, up to the level of how judges and courts reach decisions under a variety of conflicting inputs— share several features with standard Complex Adaptive Systems. This review is meant as a gentle introduction to the use of quantitative tools and techniques of complexity science to describe, analyse, and tame the complex web of human interactions that the Law is supposed to regulate. We offer an overview of the main directions of research undertaken so far as well as an outlook for future research, and we argue that statistical physicists and complexity scientists should not ignore the opportunities offered by the cross-fertilisation between legal scholarship and complex-systems modelling.
Maternal Migration and Child Fostering Arrangements in Nairobi's Slums
Authors: Cotton Cassandra , Oduor Clement 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Child fostering—children living apart from their biological mothers—is an established strategy to support children and families throughout Africa. Little is known about how fostering decisions might be influenced by maternal migration and place of residence when women move to urban slums, which are home to a sizable proportion of Africa's urban population. Using a mixed-methods approach, we triangulate in-depth interviews with birth histories collected in two slum settlements in Nairobi, Kenya, to explore the interconnections between maternal migration experience, slum residence, and child fostering decisions. Our quantitative results reveal substantial fostering of children among women in slum contexts, with fostering being significantly higher among children of migrant women, particularly those who have recently arrived. Qualitative findings suggest that migration acts as an important impetus to foster, as do transitions in women's romantic relationships, economic uncertainty, poor slum conditions, and desires to send children to rural areas for schooling. This novel finding on children's schooling is supported in quantitative analyses, which show that older school-age children are more likely than younger children to be fostered. This study highlights the central roles of maternal migration, economic and social precariousness, and place of residence in determining the fostering of children among mothers living in informal settlements.
Hemodynamic Assessment Using SPY Laser Fluorescence Imaging During Pancreatoduodenectomy with Common Hepatic Artery Resection
Authors: Fuji Tomokazu , Takagi Kosei , Yasui Kazuya , Nishiyama Takeyoshi , Yamada Motohiko , Nagai Yasuo , Kanehira Noriyuki , Fujiwara Toshiyoshi 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Pancreatectomies combined with arterial resection can be indicated for pancreatic cancer. In a pancreatectomy with arterial resection, intraoperative confirmation of blood flow through reconstructed vessels is crucial. This study highlights the usefulness of SPY laser fluorescence imaging during a pancreatoduodenectomy with common hepatic artery resection (PD-CHAR).

Patient and Methods
A 55-year-old man with borderline resectable pancreatic head cancer underwent a PD-CHAR. After confirming tumor resectability, reconstruction of the CHA to the proper hepatic artery was performed. Subsequently, the superior mesenteric vein was reconstructed.

Results
SPY laser fluorescence imaging demonstrated arterial blood perfusion to the liver through the reconstructed hepatic artery, followed by perfusion from the portal vein. The operation lasted 493 min, with an estimated blood loss of 400 mL. The postoperative course was uneventful with good arterial blood flow.

Conclusion
The SPY Portable Handheld Imager could be valuable for visualizing blood flow in reconstructed vessels and assessing tissue perfusion during a pancreatectomy combined with vascular reconstruction.
A Polyhedral Study of Multivariate Decision Trees
Authors: Michini Carla , Zhou Zachary 
Published: December 2024

Decision trees are a widely used tool for interpretable machine learning. Multivariate decision trees employ hyperplanes at the branch nodes to route datapoints throughout the tree and yield more compact models than univariate trees. Recently, mixed-integer programming (MIP) has been applied to formulate the optimal decision tree problem. A key component of most MIP formulations is a specification of how to route datapoints in the tree from the root to the leaves. Our goal is to provide polyhedral characterizations of realizable routings, that is, routings that can be realized using multivariate branching rules. We first focus on shattering inequalities, a class of valid inequalities that can be used to strengthen almost any MIP formulation and that have been shown to be computationally effective. We prove that if all the feature vectors are in general position, then the shattering inequalities defined for the root of the tree are facet defining for the convex hull of the realizable routings. We then show that every facet-defining inequality of a depth one tree involving at least two variables is also facet defining for trees of arbitrary depth. Finally, we show that facet-defining inequalities characterizing realizable routings are also facet-defining for a complete MIP formulation. We validate our theoretical results by performing numerical experiments that specifically exploit shattering inequalities defined at the root node and we observe an improvement in performance for both numerical and categorical data sets, especially for decision trees of intermediate size. Funding: C. Michini gratefully acknowledges funding from the DoD, Air Force [Award FA9550-23-1-0487].
Visual decision aids to support communication and shared decision-making: How are they valued and used in practice?
Authors: Noordman Janneke , Noordam Désanne , van Treeck Jorien , Prantl Karen , Pennings Patricia , Borsje Petra , Heinen Maud , Emond Yvette , Rake Ester , Boland Gudule , van Dulmen Sandra 
Published: December 2024

Background
It is unknown how visual decision aids support communication and shared decision-making in everyday clinical practice, and how they are perceived by patients with varying levels of health literacy and their healthcare providers. Recently, three visual decision aids have been developed for renal replacement treatment, osteoarthritis of the knee, and osteoarthritis of the hip. This study aims to explore how patients and healthcare providers use and value these visual decision aids.

Methods
The evaluation of the visual decision aids was performed by coding video-recorded outpatient consultations (n = 35), by conducting reflective practice interviews with healthcare providers (n = 9), and through interviews with patients (n = 29). Consultations were coded using the 5-item OPTION instrument to measure shared decision-making, and self-developed items based on the visual decision aids and user guide.

Results
Both healthcare providers and patients valued the use of the visual decision aids, especially the overview page with all treatment options. Accordingly, it was observed that most providers mainly used the overview page. However, providers in nephrology discussed the individual treatment pages more often than providers in osteoarthritis care. This study also showed that most providers were unfamiliar with the user guide for the visual decision aids.

Conclusion
Visual decision aids for nephrology and osteoarthritis care seem particularly useful for patients with limited health literacy. Healthcare providers in this study mainly used the overview page of the visual decision aids. Although this is valued by both providers and patients, it is also important to discuss the individual treatment pages, including the pros and cons, with patients. This study also points to differences between outpatient clinics or departments in the use and implementation of the visual decision aids. The visual decision aids for osteoarthritis are used to a limited extent. In nephrology clinics, the visual decision aid is implemented.
Adherence to the OECD Model Tax Convention: A Textual Analysis of Member and Non-Member Countries’ Double Taxation Agreements
Authors: Diller Markus , Ehm Daniel , Katzlmayr Patrick , Lorenz Johannes 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This paper examines the textual design of Double Taxation Agreements (DTAs). Using Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques we analyze the heterogeneity of a country’s set of DTAs and the drivers that lead to (non-)adherence to the OECD Model Convention. We observe that wealthier countries hold a more diverse DTA set compared to poorer countries and more frequently diverge from the OECD Model Convention. Furthermore, we show that negotiation results are less likely to follow the OECD Model Convention when treaty partners are closely related in terms of trade volume or share a colonial history. Institutional factors, such as OECD or EU membership, can counteract this effect and thus lead to a stronger adherence to the OECD Model Convention. As such, our study highlights how socio-economic, institutional, and geopolitical factors influence (non-)adherence to the OECD Model Convention and how this depends on the article under consideration.
Role of extractive compounds in emulsion stabilisation capacity of wood hemicelluloses
Authors: Belt Tiina , Lahtinen Maarit , Liimatainen Jaana , Korpinen Risto , Mikkonen Kirsi S. , Kilpeläinen Petri 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Hemicellulose-rich extracts obtained by pressurised hot water extraction of wood residues show promise as emulsion stabilisers. However, pressurised hot water extracts (PHWEs) from wood also contain lower molecular weight extractive components that may influence emulsion performance. This study investigated the effect of extractives on emulsion stability using PHWEs obtained from spruce and birch sawdust with or without solvent pre-extraction. The results indicated that extractives negatively affect the physical stability of emulsions in both spruce and birch and influence oxidative stability in spruce after prolonged storage. However, the roles of different extractives in emulsion performance require further investigation.
Optimizing electrical properties and efficiency of copper-doped CdS and CdTe solar cells through advanced ETL and HTL integration: a comprehensive experimental and numerical study
Authors: Jena Ipsita , Singh Udai P. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Copper is a commonly preferred dopant for cadmium telluride based solar cells. Even though it is widely used as it enhances the electrical properties, it has the tendency to diffuse into the CdTe layer as well as the CdS/CdTe junction interface which adversely affects the performance of CdTe solar cells. In this experimental study copper doping of buffer cadmium sulfide layer has been performed to analyse its effect on structural, electrical, and optical properties of CdS and CdTe layers. While from the X-ray diffraction analysis it was observed that there was reduction in peak intensities and crystallite sizes of both the CdS and CdTe layers with the increase in amount of copper dopant, from the electrical properties it was found that there were improvements in carrier concentration, mobility, and conductivity of both the layers. To mitigate the losses due to Cu doping, enhance the efficiency and stability of CdTe solar cells an extensive numerical modelling approach was undertaken to employ electron transport layers (ETL) and hole transport layers (HTL) to the copper-doped CdS/CdTe solar cells. We obtained optimum results with titanium dioxide and copper barium thiostannate as ETL and HTL respectively. Finally, CdTe-based solar cells were modelled integrating copper-doped CdS as the buffer layers, TiO2 as ETL and CBTS as HTL respectively. The obtained experimental values of Cu-doped CdS and CdTe layers were implemented into this model. This superstrate configuration yielded impressive output parameters: open circuit voltage of 1.07 V, short-circuit current density of 29.32 mA cm−2, fill factor of 85.08 %, and efficiency of 26.67 %.
Indagando a aceleração da produção acadêmica com bom humor: Uma visão do sul [Trabalhos em Linguística Aplicada]
Authors: Silva Daniel , Veras Viviane 
Published: December 2024

Resumo
Em nossa celebração dos 50 anos do International Journal of the Sociology of Language, sugerimos alguns caminhos alternativos à política de incomunicabilidade na comunicação científica denunciada, em 1989, por Wolfgang Klein. De modo bem humorado, Klein endereçou cientistas de língua alemã, apontando que políticas científicas e tecnologias produziam uma “aceleração unilateral da produção”. Isto é, ao passo que o regime de trabalho à época privilegiava a escrita, deixava pouco espaço para a leitura. Em nosso texto, apontamos para desigualdades que Klein não abordou, mas que intensificam esse cenário. Nossa perspectiva do sul global é um modo de questionar a hegemonia do inglês e o acesso pago à produção acadêmica.
An efficient ‘P1’ algorithm for dual mixed-integer least-squares problems with scalar real-valued parameters
Authors: Massarweh Lotfi , Teunissen Peter J. G. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In this contribution we consider mixed-integer least-squares problems, where the integer ambiguities

a
∈

Z
n

$a\in {\mathbb{Z}}^{n}$

and real-valued parameters

b
∈

R
p

$b\in {\mathbb{R}}^{p}$

are estimated. Both a primal and a dual formulation can be considered, with the latter concerning the ambiguity resolution process taking place into the parameters’ domain. We study the p = 1 case, where an ad hoc ‘P1’ algorithm is introduced, and some geometrical insights are provided. It is demonstrated how the algorithm’s complexity (i.e. number of candidate integer solutions to be evaluated) grows linearly with the ambiguity dimensionality n, differently from the primal formulation where an exponential growth is observed. By means of numerical simulations, here based on Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) models, we show the efficiency of this proposed ‘P1’ algorithm, meanwhile also demonstrating its quasi-optimal statistical performance.
Slur reclamation, irony, and resilience
Authors: Pavone Luigi 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The process of slur reclamation is a linguistic phenomenon whereby members of a targeted group begin to employ their own slur as a means of self-labelling, expressing pride, fostering camaraderie, and reversing the derogatory perspective of the slur. This action is designed to deprive racist and bigoted institutions of a means of perpetuating social power imbalances. Some authors posit that slur reclamation entails a shift in meaning. The ambiguity thesis (AT) can be developed in a variety of ways depending on the semantic level at which the derogatory content is situated. However, AT is subject to a number of criticisms, including what has been termed Appropriation Worry (AW). This paper seeks to elucidate the semantic mechanisms of slur reclamation without recourse to AT. To do this, an imperative account of slurs is adopted, which will be termed warning theory of slurs (WT). This account proposes that reclaimed uses of slurs are expressions of irony and resilience.
Das Ausloten der Manifestierbarkeit der Organisation und das Potential des Latenten: Die historische Veränderung von Steuerungskonzepten in der Managementliteratur
Authors: v. Groddeck Victoria 
Published: December 2024

Zusammenfassung
Dieser Artikel untersucht, wie sich im Laufe der letzten hundert Jahre Vorstellungen der Organisationsgestaltung und -steuerung verändert haben und welche Rolle dabei die Unterscheidung von Informalität und Formalität spielt. Am Beispiel von Artikeln der Harvard Business Review (HBR) und der California Management Review (CMR), die auf ihre historische Veränderung von Managementsemantiken untersucht werden, lassen sich drei Phasen rekonstruieren, in denen jeweils unterschiedliche Steuerungskonzepte und ihre jeweiligen Bezugsprobleme sichtbar werden. Je plausibler die Idee ist, durch Organisation Zukunft beherrschen zu können, desto stärker wird Formalität markiert. Wird diese Vorstellung brüchig, gewinnt Informalität an Bedeutung. Wird die Vorstellung, Zukunft gestalten zu können, gänzlich als Anspruch fallen gelassen, wird die Unterscheidung von Formalität und Informalität durch die Betonung interaktionaler Settings symmetrisiert.
Effectiveness of aerobic exercise interventions on balance, gait, functional mobility and quality of life in Parkinson’s disease: an umbrella review
Authors: Yildirim Mehmet C. , Ekici Hatice S. , Collins Jemima , Piasecki Jessica , Skelly Rob , Gordon Adam L. , Phillips Bethan E. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder with increasing prevalence into older age. Aerobic exercise (AE) is the most commonly prescribed exercise for PD, although an optimal protocol is undefined. This umbrella review aimed to summarise and synthesize existent evidence regarding the effectiveness of AE on balance, gait, functional mobility, and QoL in people with PD.

Content
Six databases were searched for systematic reviews reporting the effects of AE on balance, gait, functional mobility, and QoL in people with PD from inception to June 2024. Quality of evidence was assessed using the AMSTAR-2 tool. From 4182 records, 17 systematic reviews were included for qualitative analysis. Most (n=12) were rated as critically low for methodological quality, with four rated low and one high. Moderate intensity was the most commonly investigated AE intensity (n=4), although almost half of the reviews (n=8) did not report intensity. AE protocols lasted from 1 to 64 weeks and 1 to 7 days per week. Session length was between 20 and 120 minutes. Reported outcomes included gait (n=15), QoL (n=14), balance (n=12), and functional mobility (n=7). AE does improve aspects of gait, balance, and functional mobility in PD; however it does not appear to improve QoL.

Summary and Outlook
AE is recommended as part of rehabilitation for people with PD. However, research exploring the efficacy of AE assesses multiple modalities with varied protocols. Further research is needed to identify AE protocols that will best alleviate the symptoms of PD, providing an evidence base for effective clinical translation.
Lipid-based nanoparticles for drug delivery in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Cai Han , Liu Dong , Xue Wei-Wei , Ma Liya , Xie Hai-Tao , Ning Ke 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that predominantly affects dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and ventral tegmental area, resulting in symptoms such as tremors, muscle rigidity, bradykinesia, and potential cognitive and affective disturbances. The effective delivery of pharmacological agents to the central nervous system is hindered by various factors, including the restrictive properties of the blood‒brain barrier and blood‒spinal cord barrier, as well as the physicochemical characteristics of the drugs. Traditional drug delivery methods may not provide the therapeutic concentrations necessary for functional restoration in PD patients. However, lipid-based nanoparticles (NPs) offer new possibilities for enhancing the bioavailability of established treatment regimens and developing innovative therapies that can modify the course of the disease. This review provides a concise overview of recent advances in lipid-based NP strategies aimed at mitigating specific pathological mechanisms relevant to PD progression. This study also explores the potential applications of nanotechnological innovations in the development of advanced treatment modalities for individuals with PD.