bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
One-pot Synthesis of Betulin Triterpenoid Quaternized Pyridine Derivatives and their Antimicrobial Activity
Authors: Shakurova Elvira Rifovna , Pozdnyakova Darina Alexandrovna , Tretyakova Elena Valeryevna , Parfenova Lyudmila Vyacheslavovna 
Published: December 2018

Background:
A wide range of biological activity, relatively low toxicity and multiple
pharmacological effects of triterpenoids are major advantages of these compounds in the prevention
and treatment of various diseases. They include the lupane- type triterpenoids that proved to be a
promising platform for the synthesis of analogs with a wide range of biological activities, including
anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antiparasitic and antiviral properties. The main disadvantage complicating
the use of all known derivatives of lupane acids in medical practice is low bioavailability associated
with poor solubility in biologic fluids, limiting their effective interaction with the biological
targets.

Objective:
The objective of this study is the synthesis of new amphiphilic betulin derivatives on the
base of pyridinium salts with antifungal and antibacterial activity.

Methods:
In this study we have developed an effective one-pot method for the preparation of new
quaternized pyridine derivatives 4-6 of the betulinic series based on the reaction of the initial triterpenes
1-3 with the Tempo+Br3
- reagent in the pyridine. The synthesized and initial compounds were
tested for their antimicrobial and antifungal activity.

Results:
The data presented in this document indicate that all synthesized compounds 4-6 exhibited
high activity against both gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus bacteria and gram-negative Pseudomonas
aeruginosa strains, as well as Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans fungi with
the >90% coverage of the inhibition zone. The best result in a series of compounds 4-6 was found
for the derivative 6 at the minimum inhibitory concentration of 1 µg/ml against S. aureus bacteria,
C. albicans and C. neoformans fungi at the concentration of 8 µg/ml.

Conclusion:
Thus, we have demonstrated the first example of the pyridine quaternization using the
betulin triterpenoids as the lipophilic substrates and Tempo+Br3
- cation. The obtained quaternized
pyridine analogs of betulin triterpenes showed high antibacterial and antifungal activity in comparison
with the initial compounds.
Facile Solvothermal Preparation and Tribological Performance of PbSe Nanoparticles
Authors: Yang Feng , Xue M.Q. 
Published: December 2018

Background:
Metal dichalcogenides are important branch of functional materials, which have
renewed great attention in academia and industry because of their various significant applications.

Objective: The aim of the present study is to synthesize PbSe by solvothermal and investigate PbSe’s
tribological properties.

Results:
The XRD pattern of the sample can be readily indexed as PbSe. The tribological properties of
PbSe as additives in base oil were investigated using a UMT-2 ball-on-disc tribotester. Under the determinate
conditions, the friction coefficient of the base oil containing 1.0 wt. % PbSe was lower than
that of the base oil. A stable tribofilm on the rubbing surface could explain the improved tribological
properties of PbSe as additives.

Conclusion:
PbSe nanoparticles have been synthesized successfully via solvothermal reaction. The
preliminary tribological experimental results show that the PbSe could be a lubricant additive to the
base oil and able to improve the tribological properties under the optimal concentration (1.0 wt. %).
The result of tribological experiments demonstrated that the stable tribofilm with PbSe nanoparticles
on the rubbing surface could benefit to decreasing surface friction.
Effect of Anode Temperature and Contact Voltage on the Design of Arc- Less Micro Electrical Contact
Authors: Robert Femi , Agrawal Anita , Clement Shibu 
Published: December 2018

Objective:
This paper presents the effect of anode temperature and contact voltage on the
breakdown arc of micro electrical contact pair under DC excitation.

Methods:
A rectangular micro electrical contact pair is considered. The resistance and capacitance of
the contact pair are obtained for the materials Al, Cu, Au and Pt. The anode temperature is calculated
based on the 3D heat equation. Pre-breakdown arc due to anode temperature is analyzed.

Result:
The breakdown voltage and breakdown electric field characteristics for the gap between
0.5µm and 30µm are reported. The electric field of micro electrical contact pair is analyzed mathematically.
The calculated values of resistance, anode temperature and electric field are compared with the
simulation results obtained using COMSOL multiphysics FEA software tool. The arc-less operating
region of micro contact is identified. Four cases with the ratings 50V/5A, 50V/0.5A, 400 V/ 5A and
400V/0.5A have been considered for the analysis of arcless micro electrical contact.

Conclusion:
These results can be considered while designing arc-less micro electrical switches, micro
relays and micro circuit breakers which can be applicable for the future DC electric power distribution,
protection system and automobiles. Also these results can be considered when designing micro
actuators, sensors and electrostatic devices.
Despacho Econômico de energia elétrica em Micro Redes usando o Software GAMS
Authors: Braz Pontes Luiz Renato , Ñauapari Huatuco Zocimo , Molina Rodríguez Yuri Percy , Vega Roy 
Published: December 2018

Ao longo do tempo o mercado elétrico vem crescendo com a inserção de diversas fontes, além de dispositivos de armazenamento, diante desse panorama, nasce a questão de como despachar a energia gerada para atender à demanda de forma mais econômica e eficaz. Este trabalho apresenta a implementação de um modelo matemático de programação não-linear inteira mista para o problema do Fluxo de Potência Ótimo de Corrente Alternada (ACOPF) usando o software GAMS com o objetivo de resolver o problema de alocação e operação ótima de dispositivos de armazenamento de energia em micro redes, bem como o ciclo ótimo de carga e descarga dos dispositivos de maneira a minimizar o custo de compra de energia. O modelo observa as restrições da rede elétrica, como por exemplo, a manutenção das tensões dentro de limites preestabelecidos, bem como a intermitência de fontes renováveis baseadas em energia eólica e solar, representadas por despachos variáveis durante a operação. Para demonstrar a exatidão do modelo matemático desenvolvido e também a eficiência das técnicas de solução é utilizado um sistema teste de 5 barras.
DESCRIPTION AND IDENTIFICATION OF TEMPORAL REGULARITIES FOR FUZZY TIME SERIES WITH APPLICATION OF HYBRID OLS-PATTERNS
Authors: Dultsev D. V. , Suchkova L. I. 
Published: December 2018

ObjectivesThe aim of the research is to develop the principle of storing data templates to take their temporal natureinto account, making it possible to reduce decision-making times.In order to describe and identify temporal patterns in fuzzy time series behaviour in real time, the task was set to develop a hybrid data structure that allows for a consideration of sequences of fuzzy values formed from clear observable data as well as a determination of the length of these sequences and possible uneven time intervals between the observations.MethodsThe article discussesan approach to formalising the description of temporal cause-effect relationships between events occurring at the object location as well as that of its environment, based on a set of singly-connected lists of triplets. Each triplet contains a fuzzy linguistic variable, the duration of its observation and the permitted interval of observation of insignificant data.ResultsAn algorithm for detecting knowledge base patterns in real time was developed, taking into account the possibility of a time shift in observing long sequences of identical values of the observed value. The possibility of partial data overlapping corresponding to triplets of different patterns is taken into account. The proposed hybrid pattern makes it possible to accelerate the detection of temporal regularities in the data.ConclusionScientific results are presented by the developed structure for storing information on temporal regularities in data, based on a singly linked linear list, as well as an algorithm for finding regularities in observational data using a set of OLS-patterns. The advantage of this structure and algorithm in comparison with the known ways of storing and analysing temporal data is a reduction in the amount of memory necessary for storing templates in the knowledge base, as well as the possibility of applying OLS patterns for decisionmaking purposes.
TO THE QUESTION OF OPTIMISING THE DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF A VIBRATIONAL TREE UPROOTING MACHINE
Authors: Mikhitarov A. R. , Savich V. L. , Khegai V. K. 
Published: December 2018

ObjectivesFollowing logging operations, tree stumps remain in the site of the former forest.While these may be uprooted by special machines in the course of forestry operations, the use of heavy forestry machines operated repeatedly on the forest sites not only lead to soil erosion, but also to considerable financial expense. Consequently, the development of machines combining cutting (logging) and uprooting operations – that is, uprooting the trees along with their roots – are of a great interest. As research has shown, the main disadvantages of the use of such technology by “conventional” logging or forestry machines are their excessive loading and energy intensity. The aim of the research is to investigate means of eliminating these drawbacks by using vibration.MethodsThe article deals with theproblem of ensuring the effectiveness of the vibration application – in particular, torsional vibrations, used to stub trees together with their roots. To solve this problem, a mathematical model of the “machine-tree-soil-root system” system was developed, which takes into account the mutual influence of the dynamic characteristics of the machine’s technological equipment and tree and soil-root system, which allows a rational (optimal) frequency range of vibration equipment to be selected by analysing the amplitude-frequency characteristics of a given system. To analyse the amplitude-frequency characteristics of a mechanical system, the Euler-Lagrange equationswere used.ResultsBased on the mathematical model of the “machine-tree-soil-root system (SRS)” system and an analysis of the amplitude-frequency characteristics of a given system, a rational range of vibration frequencies was determined. As shown by analysis, the work of vibrational equipment in a given frequency range can significantly reduce the dynamic loading of the machine and at the same time create appropriate conditions for the effective destruction of the soil-root system.ConclusionThe proposed method allows the rational values of the frequency characteristic of vibration equipment for each calculated tree to be found depending on the soil type and the basic machine.
ANTI-CRISIS MANAGEMENT OF THE RUSSIA'S REGIONAL INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF SANCTIONS
Authors: Oborin M. S. 
Published: December 2018

Objectives The aim of the study is to identify the development directions for industrial production in the regions of the Russian Federation under the conditions of ongoing sanction pressure.Methods Systemic and situational approaches, as well as the modelling of economic processes and phenomena, are used as research methods. The graphic images method is used in order to visualise the analytical data and the results.Results The development features of industrial production in the country's regions are examined; in particular, those of the Volga Federal District and the Perm Krai. Generally positive trends associated with production volumes – as well as a slight decrease in prices and production volumes in metallurgy caused by sanctions and unfavourable external market conditions – are revealed. Due to increased demand for certain types of products,Metallurgical production in Russia is developing in different directions;however, as a consequence of restrictions imposed on some of them, there is a need to develop compensatory mechanisms based on state regulation of pricing and salespolicies. Despite the sanctions, export of the products of the industry under review is increasing;nevertheless, the stability of exporting enterprises is affected by volatility in world prices. The relevance of state complex support measures is substantiated; these consist in the formation of an anti-crisis management mechanism based on approaches that have been proven in industries experiencing problems of the world market situation.Conclusion Taking into account the performed analysis, an anti-crisis management mechanism in the metallurgical sector, which can be adapted to the regional and branch features of operating industrial enterprises, was proposed.
KAJIAN PENDUGAAN FUNGSI KEUNTUNGAN DAN RESPON PENAWARAN OUTPUT DALAM RANGKA PENGEMBANGAN KOMODITAS JAGUNG DI PROVINSI JAMBI
Authors: Nainggolan Saidin , Murdy Sa’ad , Malik Adlaida 
Published: December 2018

Fungsi penawaran output dapat diturunkan langsung dari fungsi keuntungan dengan menggunakan prinsip Hotteling Lemma, turunan parsial keuntungan maksimal terhadap output merupakan fnngsi penawaran output. Faktor-faktor penentu terhadap output [Output Supply Factors], yaitu [1] Harga output itu sendiri, [2] Harga input produksi, [3] Biaya produksi, [4] Harga komoditas terkait, [5] Teknologi produksi. Dan [6] Kebijakan pemerintah. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk; [1] Mengkaji dampak harga input dan harga output terhadap penawaran output komoditas jagung, [2] Mengkaji dampak perubahan harga input dan harga output terhadap perubahan elastisitas penawaran output komoditas jagung, [3] Mengkaji bias perubahan teknologi dan skala usaha dari penawaran output komoditas jagung, [4] Mengkaji seknario kebijakan yang diperlukan mengenai dampak perubahan harga input dan harga output terhadap penawaran output komoditas jagung sehingga petani memperoleh keuntungan yang optimal. Penelitian ini menggunakan data Time Series dan dataCross Section. [Pooling Data], Data time series struktur ongkos dari Tahun 1990 – 2015 dari tiga kabupaten sentra produksi jagung di Propinsi Jambi. Data cross section diperoleh dari 90 petani dengan Simple Random Sampling Method, Pendekatan yang dilakukan untuk mengkaji struktur ongkos usahatani jagung dilakukan secara deskriptif, Sedangkan pendugaan fungsi keuntungan dan respon penawaran output dengan pendekatan Model fungsi keuntungan translog. Dan scenario kebijakan pengemabangan komoditas jagung dengan melakukan simulasi terhadap model hasil pendugaan.
PENGEMBANGAN TEKNOLOGI SELEKSI IN VITRO BERULANG (REPEAT CYCLING–IN VITRO SELECTION) TOLERAN STRES KEKERINGAN UNTUK PERBAIKAN MUTU GENETIK DAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN KEDELAI BERMIKORIZA
Authors: Riduan Ahmad , Rainiyati Rainiyati , Alia Yulia 
Published: December 2018

Every plant rhizospheres in any ecosystem there are various living microorganisms including Arbuscular Mycorrhizae Fungi (AMF). An isolation and characterization is required to investigate the species or type of the AMF. This research was aimed at studying the isolation and characterization of AMF sporulation in soybean rhizospheres in Jambi Province. The results of evaluation on soil samples before trapping showed that there are spores from three genus of AMF twelve types Glomus , two types Acaulospora and one type of Enthrophospora. Following single spore culture in soybean rhizosphere, 5 spore types were obtained: Glomus sp-1, Glomus sp-4, Glomus sp-7, Glomus sp-8 Glomus sp-10.
STATUS HARA LAHAN SAWAH DAN REKOMENDASI PEMUPUKAN PADI SAWAH PASANG SURUT DI KECAMATAN RANTAU RASAU KABUPATEN TANJUNG JABUNG TIMUR JAMBI
Authors: Saidi Busyra Buyung 
Published: December 2018

Kementerian Pertanian mentargetkan produksi padi Nasional 70,6 juta ton dan surplus beras 10 juta ton tahun 2015. Untuk itu maka diperlukan inovasi teknologi yang dapat meningkatkan produktivitas dan produksi padi khususnya. Peningkatan produktivitas sangat ditentukan oleh penggunaan varietas unggul dan penggunaan pupuk anorganik terutama N, P dan K. Upaya peningkatan produktivitas padi dengan menggunakan varietas unggul dengan potensi hasil tinggi serta respon terhadap pemupukan mengakibatkan meningkatnya takaran pupuk N, P dan K. Pengkajian bertujuan untuk menentukan rekomendasi pemupukan padi sawah berdasarkan status hara tanah pada lahan pasang surut di Kecamatan Rantau Rasau Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Timur Provinsi Jambi. Pengkajian berlangsung dari bulan Januari sampai Desember 2012. Dari hasil pengkajian disimpulkan bahwa dari 2.246,36 ha lahan sawah di kecamatan Rantau Rasau terdapat 1.323,56 ha (58,92%) berstatus hara P rendah, 446,50 ha (19,88%) berstatus P sedang, dan 476,30 ha (21,20%) P tinggi. Sedangkan status hara K tanah seluas 441,75 ha (19,67 %) rendah, 726,10 ha (32,32%) sedang, dan 1.078,51 ha (48,01 %) tinggi. Berdasarkan status hara P dan K lahan sawah maka kebutuhan pupuk untuk satu musim tanam yaitu SP 36 sebanyak 189,66 ton (tanpa penambahan 5 ton/ha jerami maupun tidak) dan 84,33 ton (pemupukan P dengan penambahan pupuk kandang 2 t/ha), maka terjadi penghematan pupuk SP-36 sebanyak 105 ton per musim. Kebutuhan pupuk KCl dengan rekomendasi pemupukan K akan menghemat pupuk sebanyak 5,99 ton/musim. Pemupukan K (dengan pupuk kandang 2 ton/ha) dapat mengurangi pemakaian pupuk KCl sebanyak 50,92 ton/musim. Sedangkan pemupukan K (dengan pengembalian jerami ke lahan sawah) dapat menghemat pupuk sebanyak 118,31 ton/musim. Implikasi kebijakan dari hasil pengkajian ini sebagai pedoman untuk pendistribusian atau penyaluran pupuk ditingkat kecamatan maupun kelompok tani.
Perbandingan Kinerja Keuangan Koperasi Konvensional Dan Koperasi Syariah Di Kota Bandar Lampung
Authors: Nurmala Nurmala , Damayanti Damayanti , Ridwansyah Eksa , Pentiana Destia 
Published: December 2018

There are 740 cooperatives registered in Bandar Lampung, but more than 50% are suspended. Of these, only a few are actively reporting their financial performance in the form of complete financial statements. Therefore the author assumes that it is important to analyze the comparison financial performance of conventional cooperative and of Islamic cooperatives in the city of Bandar Lampung. The overall financial performance of cooperatives is assessed based on the regulation of the State Minister for Cooperatives and Small and Medium Enterprises of Republic of Indonesia Number: 14 / PER / M.KUKM / XII / 2009. The assessment of cooperative health includes capital, quality of productive assets, management, efficiency, liquidity, independence and growth, and cooperative identity. To assess the financial performance of sharia cooperatives is based on the regulations of the Minister of Cooperatives and Small and Medium Enterprises No. 35.3 / Per / M.KUKM / X / 2007. In addition to cooperative health assessments covering capital, quality of productive assets, management, efficiency, liquidity, independence and growth, and identity of cooperatives, there is an assessment of compliance with Islamic principles. The objects in this study are cooperatives that actively reported their finances to the cooperative service in 2015 and 2016. There are 24 conventional and sharia cooperative financial reports analyzed. Based on the analysis, the financial performance of conventional cooperatives gets a final score of 67.15 while the sharia cooperative gets the final score amounting to 74.13. The value indicates that conventional cooperatives and Islamic cooperatives are equally healthy. Nevertheless, it can be said that the financial performance of Islamic cooperatives is better than that of conventional cooperatives.
Analise de interações medicamentosas em unidade de terapia intensiva em hospital de referência do nordeste brasileiro
Authors: Junior Nelso Coelho da Fonseca , Viana Luã Sousa , Lúcio Manoel Pinheiro 
Published: December 2018

Objetivo: Esse estudo objetiva identificar e caracterizaras possíveis interações medicamentosas que acometem pacientes críticos internados emunidade de terapia intensiva. Trata-se de uma pesquisa observacional e descritiva, realizada em um hospital público terciário de referência do nordeste brasileiro. Métodos: Foram incluídas no estudo todas as prescrições médicas da unidade de terapia intensiva do referido hospital nos meses de abril e maio de 2018. Identificaram-se as interações droga-droga e posteriormente caracterizaram-se as mesmas segundo o grau de severidade em menores, moderadas e maiores, utilizando-se o aplicativo drugs.com. Resultados: Das 152 prescrições avaliadas, 96% apresentaram interações medicamentosas, das quais 85% eram moderadas, 10% menores e 5% maiores. As interações menores mais frequentes foram:ácido acetilsalicílico e carvedilol (42%), anlodipino e enalapril (31%), ácido acetilsalicílico e omeprazol, (27%). Dentre as interações de nível moderado, as mais frequentes foram fenitoína e ranitidina (38%), seguidas de enalapril e heparina (33%), e anlodipino e fenitoína (29%). As interações maiores mais encontradas foram: fenitoína e nimodipina (76%), fenitoína e fentanil (14%) e fentanil e ondansetrona (10%). Esses resultados demonstram uma taxa elevada de interações medicamentosas em unidade de terapia intensiva. Conclusão: Nessas condições verifica-se a importância da participação ativa da equipe multidisciplinar no acompanhamento dos pacientes críticos, especialmente no que diz respeito ao manejo das possíveis conseqüências das interações medicamentosas, possibilitando melhorias significativas no quadro clínico desses pacientes.
RESPON NYERI DISMENOREA BERDASARKAN KARAKTERISTIK REMAJA PUTRI
Authors: Nisak Ana Zumrotun , Azizah Noor 
Published: December 2018

Salah satu ketidaknyamanan fisik saat menstruasi yaitu dismenorea, dimana bisa menyebabkan penderita harus istirahat dan meninggalkan pekerjaan sehari-hari, untuk beberapa jam atau beberapa hari. Respon perilaku terhadap nyeri dapat mencakup pernyataan verbal, perilaku vocal, ekspresi wajah gerakkan tubuh, kontak fisik dengan orang lain, atau perubahan respons terhadap lingkungan. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui apakah karakteristik remaja putri mempunyai korelasi terhadap respon nyeri dismenorea. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian korelasional. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua siswi kelas X di SMAN 3 Kabupaten Pati yang sudah mendapatkan menstruasi dan merasakan nyeri haid sebanyak 47 siswi. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan juni-juli 2017. Tehnik analisis statistik data univariat dan analisis bivariat menggunakan uji korelasi Somers’d. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari beberapa karakteristik remaja putri yaitu umur, usia menarche, lama menstruasi dan riwayat dismenorea keluarga, didapatkan hasil bahwa terdapat korelasi yang bermakna antara riwayat dismenorea keluarga dengan respon nyeri dismenorea dengan p velue=0,000, nilai r=0,482, ini dapat diartikan bahwa remaja putri dengan riwayat keluarga yang juga mengalami dismenorea memiliki kekuatan hubungan yang sedang dengan respon nyeri dismenorea dan mempunyai arah korelasi negatif. Diharapkan dapat dilakukan penelitian terkait dengan respon nyeri dismenorea dengan variabel yang berbeda dan remaja yang mengalami dismenorea supaya menambah wawasan tentang dismenorea serta penanganannya sehingga nyeri dismenorea dapat teratasi. Kata Kunci : Nyeri dismenorea, karakteristik remaja