bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription Protein 3 (STAT3): An Update on its Direct Inhibitors as Promising Anticancer Agents
Authors: Gelain Arianna , Mori Matteo , Meneghetti Fiorella , Villa Stefania 
Published: July 2018

Background:Since Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3) is a transcription factor which plays an important role in multiple aspects of cancer, including progression and migration, and it is constitutively activated in various human tumors, STAT3 inhibition has emerged as a validated strategy for the treatment of several malignancies. The aim of this review is to provide an update on the identification of new promising direct inhibitors targeting STAT3 domains, as potential anticancer agents.Methods:A thorough literature search focused on recently reported STAT3 direct inhibitors was undertaken. We considered the relevant developments regarding the STAT3 domains, which have been identified as potential drug targets.Results:In detail, 135 peer-reviewed papers and 7 patents were cited; the inhibitors we took into account targeted the DNA binding domain (compounds were grouped into natural derivatives, small molecules, peptides, aptamers and oligonucleotides), the SH2 binding domain (natural, semi-synthetic and synthetic compounds) and specific residues, like cysteines (natural, semi-synthetic, synthetic compounds and dual inhibitors) and tyrosine 705.Conclusion:The huge number of direct STAT3 inhibitors recently identified demonstrates a strong interest in the investigation of this target, although it represents a challenging task considering that no drug targeting this enzyme is currently available for anticancer therapy. Notably, many studies on the available inhibitors evidenced that some of them possess a dual mechanism of action.
Recent Advances in Drug Repurposing for Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Chen Xin , Gumina Giuseppe , Virga Kristopher G. 
Published: July 2018

:As a long-term degenerative disorder of the central nervous system that mostly affects older people, Parkinson’s disease is a growing health threat to our ever-aging population. Despite remarkable advances in our understanding of this disease, all therapeutics currently available only act to improve symptoms but cannot stop the disease progression. Therefore, it is essential that more effective drug discovery methods and approaches are developed, validated, and used for the discovery of disease-modifying treatments for Parkinson’s disease. Drug repurposing, also known as drug repositioning, or the process of finding new uses for existing or abandoned pharmaceuticals, has been recognized as a cost-effective and timeefficient way to develop new drugs, being equally promising as de novo drug discovery in the field of neurodegeneration and, more specifically for Parkinson’s disease. The availability of several established libraries of clinical drugs and fast evolvement in disease biology, genomics and bioinformatics has stimulated the momentums of both in silico and activity-based drug repurposing. With the successful clinical introduction of several repurposed drugs for Parkinson’s disease, drug repurposing has now become a robust alternative approach to the discovery and development of novel drugs for this disease. In this review, recent advances in drug repurposing for Parkinson’s disease will be discussed.
Hybrid Compounds & Oxidative Stress Induced Apoptosis in Cancer Therapy
Authors: Hanikoglu Aysegul , Ozben Hakan , Hanikoglu Ferhat , Ozben Tomris 
Published: July 2018

:
Elevated Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) generated by the conventional cancer
therapies and the endogenous production of ROS have been observed in various types of cancers.
In contrast to the harmful effects of oxidative stress in different pathologies other than
cancer, ROS can speed anti-tumorigenic signaling and cause apoptosis of tumor cells via oxidative
stress as demonstrated in several studies. The primary actions of antioxidants in cells
are to provide a redox balance between reduction-oxidation reactions. Antioxidants in tumor
cells can scavenge excess ROS, causing resistance to ROS induced apoptosis. Various chemotherapeutic
drugs, in their clinical use, have evoked drug resistance and serious side effects.
Consequently, drugs having single-targets are not able to provide an effective cancer
therapy. Recently, developed hybrid anticancer drugs promise great therapeutic advantages
due to their capacity to overcome the limitations encountered with conventional chemotherapeutic
agents. Hybrid compounds have advantages in comparison to the single cancer drugs
which have usually low solubility, adverse side effects, and drug resistance. This review addresses
two important treatments strategies in cancer therapy: oxidative stress induced apoptosis
and hybrid anticancer drugs.
Oleanolic Acid Inhibits Colorectal Cancer Angiogenesis by Blocking the VEGFR2 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Niu Guoping , Sun Li , Pei Yunfeng , Wang Duping 
Published: July 2018

Background:
Angiogenesis is a crucial process that regulated by multiple intracellular signaling
pathways including MEK/ERK and JNK/SAPK. Thus, many inhibitors have developed to these pathways as
anti-cancer therapeutic strategies. Oleanolic acid (OA) is a natural pentacyclic triterpenoic acid compound that
present in various herbal medicines. It has been used as antitumor agent for various cancers including colorectal
cancer (CRC), which attenuates angiogenesis.

Objective:
To study the molecular mechanism of OA suppressing angiogenesis.

Method:
The proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) was determined by MTT and
the invasion and migration of them were measured by wound-healing Assay, transwell migration assay and tube
formation assay. The xenograft mouse model was used to study the effect of OA blocking angiogenesis in vivo.
The Western blot was used to checked the phosphorylation of VEGFR2.

Results:
OA attenuates HUVECs invasion, migration, tube formation and vascular sprouting. Moreover, OA
suppresses HUVECs sprout and tube formation. Importantly, OA also blocks angiogenesis in HUVECs and
colorectal cancer cells (HCT-116) both in vitro and in vivo. OA-dependent suppression of tumor angiogenesis
mediated by blocking the phosphorylation of the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR2) that
results in inhibition of MEK/ERK/JNK pathway.

Conclusion:
Our results suggest that inhibition of tumor angiogenesis via the suppression VEGFR2 phosphorylation
may be one of the underlying mechanisms by which OA exerts its anti-cancer effect.
Radio-Modulatory Potential of Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester: A Therapeutic Perspective
Authors: Anjaly Km , Tiku Ashu B. 
Published: July 2018

Background:
Use of natural agents is an upcoming area of research in cancer biology. Caffeic acid
phenethyl ester (CAPE) has received great attention because of its therapeutic potential in various conditions
including cancer. It is an active/abundant component of propolis, a honey bee hive product produced by bees using
their enzyme-rich digestive secretions on resinous mix, bee wax and pollen from plants. It is used to protect the
beehive against bacteria and other infections. Therefore a literature survey was done to understand the therapeutic
potential of this compound. Although a lot of work has been done on chemotherapeutic aspects of CAPE and many
reviews were available, yet its role as a radiomodulator was not clear.

Objective:
The objective of the review was to collect data on role of Caffeic acid phenethyl ester as radioprotector
and /or sensitizer to evaluate its potential as modulator of radiation effects during cancer therapy.

Methods:
For literature survey, Pubmed and Google search engines were used. Data were collected up to August
2017. PubMed advanced search builder showed 845 papers on CAPE. This search was further narrowed down to
synthesis, bioavailability, CAPE derivatives, radioprotective and radiosensitizing effects of CAPE.

Results:
This review focused on the differential radiomodulatory effects of CAPE in normal and cancer cells.
Besides chemistry and bioavailability, it’s potential as a therapeutic agent against radiation induced damage was also
evaluated.

Conclusion:
CAPE was found to act both as radioprotector and radiosensitizer. Depending on the tissue type it can
modulate the radiation response by following different mechanisms.
Simultaneous Accelerated Corneal Crosslinking and Laser In situ Keratomileusis for the Treatment of High Myopia in Asian Eyes
Authors: Low Jin Rong , Lim Li , Koh Jane Chwee Wah , Chua Daniel Kai Peng , Rosman Mohamad 
Published: July 2018

Background:LASIK Xtra is a recently described technique which combines LASIK and accelerated corneal cross-linking(CXL) in the same setting. Its long-term outcome in Asians with high myopia is not well described.Objectives:To compare the efficacy, predictability and safety of LASIK Xtra with LASIK in patients with high myopia.Method:This is a retrospective study comparing 50 consecutive eyes undergoing LASIK Xtra for the correction of high myopia and/or myopic astigmatism (-6.63 to -15.50 D manifest spherical equivalent) with a matched control group of 50 eyes undergoing LASIK alone for correction of high myopia (-6.00 to -12.25 D manifest spherical equivalent). Mean follow-up was 5.7 months (range, 1.5-13.3 months) for LASIK Xtra and 3.6 months (range, 1.7-4.2 months) for LASIK only. Outcome measures included Uncorrected Distance Visual Acuity (UDVA), Corrected Distance Visual Acuity (CDVA), refraction and intraoperative and postoperative complications.Results:At post-operative 3 months, all eyes achieved UDVA of 20/40 or better, and 80.0% of LASIK Xtra eyes achieved UDVA of 20/20 or better, compared to 66.0% of LASIK only eyes (p= 0.115). Efficacy indices were 0.99±0.17 for LASIK Xtra and 0.94±0.17 for LASIK only (p= 0.164). The proportion of eyes within ±0.50 D of attempted correction was 84% in the LASIK only group and 72% in the LASIK Xtra group at post-operative 3 months (p= 0.148). Safety indices were 1.11±0.19 and 1.11±0.18 in the LASIK Xtra and LASIK only groups, respectively (p= 0.735).Conclusion:LASIK Xtra achieved comparable safety, predictability and efficacy as LASIK in patients with high myopia. Good refractive stability was attained at 6-12 months. Further long term studies are required to determine whether simultaneous CXL is able to reduce postoperative LASIK keratectasia in high-risk individuals.
A Review of Corneal Collagen Cross-linking – Current Trends in Practice Applications
Authors: Lim Li , Lim Elizabeth Wen Ling 
Published: July 2018

Objective:To review the literature on current applications of corneal Collagen Cross-Linking (CXL).Methods:A review of publications on corneal cross-linking was conducted. This included systemic reviews, randomized controlled clinical trials, cohort studies, case-controlled studies and case series. A summary of the publications is tabulated.Results:The original indication of riboflavin – Ultraviolet-A (UVA) induced corneal collagen cross-linking is to arrest the progression of keratoconus. Studies show that it is effective in arresting the progression of keratoconus and post-LASIK ectasia with the standard Dresden protocol (epithelium-off). There are also improvements in visual, keratometric and topographic measurements over time. Severe complications of cross-linking are rare. The epithelium-on techniques have less efficacy than the Dresden protocol. Accelerated protocols have variable results, with some studies reporting comparable outcomes to the Dresden protocol while other studies reporting less efficacious outcomes. Cross-linking combined with refractive procedures provide better visual outcome but long term studies are warranted. Cross-linking for the treatment of infective keratitis is a promising new treatment modality. Initial studies show that it is more effective for superficial rather than deep infections and for bacterial rather than fungal infections.Conclusions:Corneal cross-linking is a procedure with an expanding list of indications from the treatment of corneal ectasias to infective keratitis. While the standard Dresden protocol is established as the gold standard treatment for progressive keratoconus, the more recent protocols may require further refinements, investigative and long-term studies.
The OPF Formulation and Solution for Energy Router Incorporated AC&DC Network
Authors: Duan Qing , Guo Jing , Sheng Wanxing , Sha Guanglin , Li Ke-Jun , Xu Xiaoxian 
Published: July 2018

Background:
The energy router based on power electronic technology is the core equipment
of energy internet. Energy router can control the voltage of the port and regulate the power injected
into the network flexibly. It is of great significance to study how the capability of the energy
router can be used to improve characteristics of the power system.

Methods:
Based on the analysis of energy router, we construct a unified AC-DC power flow model
for energy router considering its different control modes. Then, we establish an optimal power flow
formulation for the energy router incorporated AC-DC network and propose the multi-objective
function to optimize the comprehensive performance of the network. Several cases are observed and
analyzed on a modified IEEE-57 system.

Results:
The result verifies that the optimal power flow formulation can optimize the control values
of ports of the energy router and improve the operating state of the power system. The optimal target
presented in this paper can improve the characteristics of the grid better than a single optimal target.

Conclusion:
Energy router will play a vital role in the energy internet based on the power system.
The characters of the power system can be improved and the operating costs can be reduced by utilizing
the functionality of energy router in regulating power flow.
Una Primera Mirada hacia el Porro Marcado en la Ciudad de Medellín
Authors: Restrepo Rodríguez Natalia Andrea , Suaza Colorado Myriam , Cardona Álvarez Lina María 
Published: July 2018

Se propone mostrar los resultados de una investigación documental y testimonial sobre la historia del Porro Marcado en la ciudad de Medellín, abordando los constructos de diversos autores relacionados con la danza y el baile, categorizados como antecedentes bibliográficos, investigativos y testimoniales, los cuales se estructuraron de acuerdo con los aportes que cada uno de ellos ofreció para el desarrollo de la misma. Se concluye que en la ciudad no existen fuentes suficientes que brinden aportes del Porro Marcado, por lo que se requiere desarrollar e implementar estrategias efectivas que permitan mantener vivo este estilo de baile y a su vez contar con referentes históricos del mismo.
Critical review of theory and practice in ethics of social consequences
Authors: Švaňa Lukáš 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
The article deals with ethics of social consequences as a modern ethical theory and proposes some critical remarks based on various elaborations of the theory presented in the newly published edited volume Ethics of social consequences: Philosophical, applied and professional challenges. It confronts and challenges several of the presented concepts and ideas and tries to find a solution for the theory to become even more elaborated but still remain within the boundaries of its ontological framework.
The influence of mechanized farming and industrialization on the Oromo people, their traditional livelihood strategies and their environment in Ethiopia
Authors: Kuto Lenin , Bacha Ayehu , Baru Amanti 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
This article discusses the influences of mechanized farming and industrialization on the Oromo traditional livelihood strategies and environment. Both qualitative and quantitative research approaches were employed for the study, specifically, observations, interviews, focus group discussions, case studies and surveys were used for data collection. The study revealed that, the traditional livelihood strategies of the Oromo and their environment are highly affected by mechanized farming and industrialization in the study area. These include the loss of crop land, the loss of pasture land, the loss of forest, the loss of water resources and other environmental damage. Moreover, it was found that people are not consulted in most cases about land expropriation for mechanized farming and industrialization; more often than not the community had no involvement at all. The whole process of land transfer was not disclosed to the local people and as a result, their traditional livelihood strategies were affected. The relationship between mechanized farming and industries, and local communities is not always harmonious. The community perceives industry and mechanized farming as their enemies. Consequently, mechanized farming and industries are kept safe by security forces. Correct environmental use by the local people in general and appropriate land use in particular is broken; fair water use is also ignored. Therefore, rather than favouring a few exploitative investors, the Government should empower the local community.
The Relation between Olympians and Employees of the Media in Hungary: Motivations, Attitudes, Rejection
Authors: Kovacs Agnes , Doczi Tamas 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
In the present study, we examine the relation between Olympians and employees of the media in Hungary through the following terms: motivations, attitudes, and rejection. The empirical research presented in this paper focused on the following research questions: 1.What motivates Olympians and employees of the media in their cooperation? 2. What kind of attitudes characterise them in their relation? 3. Why and how often do employees of the media get rejected by elite athletes? In the framework of the research, a survey was carried out among the Hungarian Olympic athletes participating at the Rio 2016 Olympic Games (N=104) and on the total population of media workers accredited to the Olympics (N=28). The data were collected by two questionnaires. The first one contained 31 questions for the Olympians, and the second one had 26 questions for the media workers. The two versions included overlapping sections as well, which made it possible to explore the respondents’ views on the same topic and get comparable outcomes in some cases. The analysis aims to present and contrast the viewpoints of Olympians and employees of the media with each other. The results show that over half of elite athletes do not like to participate in the media, but they are aware that it is necessary; that is the reason why many of them mostly accept sport related interview requests. Parallel with this, media workers assume that the majority of elite athletes like to appear in front of the public. In general terms, the main goals for elite athletes are to train well, to qualify for major international meets, and to achieve outstanding results. On the other side, the intentions of the media workers is to publish stories to the audience, which could be positive, negative, informative, provocative, or sensational. Elite athletes and employees of the media need to be more aware of each other’s motivations, attitudes and aims for better understanding each other.
Political Relation among the State and International Sports Organizations: The 2014 FIFA World Cup Event in Brazil
Authors: Canan Felipe , Zardo da Silva Allan Fernando , Starepravo Fernando Augusto 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThroughout the men’s 2014 FIFA World Cup event in Brazil (WC-2014), there was an ongoing reflexive debate that stated the possibility that FIFA, due to orders imposed on the state of Brazil, slandered the country’s national sovereignty. However, FIFA’s sovereignty concerning regulations and international football championships is relativized when contrasted to that of the state. Having the WC- 2014 as a concrete object, the aim was to investigate how relations among sports and politics occurred. A qualitative research study was used through the analysis of documents and literature. It was verified that the WC-2014 event was fitting with the patterns of transnational relationships, in which sovereign entities (the state and FIFA) renounce a portion of their external sovereignty for mutual gain. The misfortune appears when this gain is associated with leaders (political or sports) and not the people, which can cause an internal sovereignty issue. Relating to the WC- 2014, the counter-orders generated during the exception period were not due to FIFA’s interference in the national sovereignty, but to the illegitimacy / immorality of the rulers who accepted the conditions of the transnational institution
Exergames Experience in Physical Education: A Review
Authors: Vaghetti Cesar Augusto Otero , Monteiro-Junior Renato Sobral , Finco Mateus David , Reategui Eliseo , Silva da Costa Botelho Silvia 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Exergames are consoles that require a higher physical effort to play when compared to traditional video games. Active video games, active gaming, interactive games, movement-controlled video games, exertion games, and exergaming are terms used to define the kinds of video games in which the exertion interface enables a new experience. Exergames have added a component of physical activity to the otherwise motionless video game environment and have the potential to contribute to physical education classes by supplementing the current activity options and increasing student enjoyment. The use of exergames in schools has already shown positive results in the past through their potential to fight obesity. As for the pedagogical aspects of exergames, they have attracted educators’ attention due to the large number of games and activities that can be incorporated into the curriculum. In this way, the school must consider the development of a new physical education curriculum in which the key to promoting healthy physical activity in children and youth is enjoyment, using video games as a tool. In this context, the aim is to conduct a brief review of the use of exergames in physical education curriculum, exploring school curriculum, digital culture, and motivation and enjoyment for the learning processes in the video game environment
Results of Integrated Geoarchaeological Prospection of Unique Iron Age Hillfort Located on Radomno Lake Island in North-Eastern Poland
Authors: Welc Fabian , Nitychoruk Jerzy , Solecki Rafał , Rabiega Kamil , Wysocki Jacek 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Archaeology of north-eastern Poland has been poorly recognized owing to vast forest areas and numerous lakes. This particularly refers to the Warmian-Masurian Voivodship, where forest covers over 30% of its area. Prospection of forested areas has become possible in Poland just over 10 years ago with the Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) and Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR). These techniques allow obtaining 3-D documentation of recognized and also unknown archaeological sites in the forested areas. Thanks to ALS/LiDAR prospection a significant number of archaeological structures have been identified also in the Warmia and Masuria regions. Among them oval-shaped hillforts, surrounded by perfectly spaced concentric moats and ramparts, located mainly on islands and in wetland areas, have raised particular attention. Based on field prospection and results of preliminary excavations, these objects have been considered as Iron Age hillforts. One of the best preserved objects of this type is on the Radomno Lake island, located several kilometres to the south of Iława town. Integrated geoarchaeological prospection of this hillfort emphasized benefits of using LiDAR in combination with results of geophysical prospection and shallow drillings. Applied methodology enabled to document the hillfort shape, and to study its geological structure and stratigraphy. The results clearly indicate that integration of LiDAR data with geophysical prospecting is indispensable in future archaeological surveys. It is a perfect tool for remote sensing of archaeological objects in forest areas, so far not available for traditional archaeology.