bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Urban emptiness as a resource for sustainable urban development
Authors: Petrova Marina , Nenko Aleksandra 
Published: February 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to develop an approach to urban environment management through analysis of “urban emptiness” based on user-generated big data.

Design/methodology/approach
The research design is based on creating a theoretical model of urban emptiness as a multilayer phenomenon in the city space and then developing an applied approach to map its different types through user-generated and open big data from multiple online sources.

Findings
The paper provides a definition and a theoretical model of “urban emptiness” as a multilayer phenomenon integrated into the complexity of the city system and as a resource for sustainable urban development. The paper presents a methodological approach to analyse urban emptiness based on spontaneous user-generated geolocated open data emerging online. This approach is applied to the Russian city of St Petersburg with a demonstration of the data set formation based on multiple sources and an interpretation of the preliminary results.

Research limitations/implications
The paper focuses on the under-researched phenomenon of urban emptiness, which leads to a certain speculation of propositions and lack of generalisability of the results. Therefore, the researchers are encouraged to further test the proposed propositions.

Practical implications
The paper describes urban emptiness as a resource in urban development and gives recommendations on how to account for it in sustainable urban environment management, in particular, in limiting urban sprawl.

Originality/value
This paper consolidates data-driven methods to create an integrated approach to urban environment management from an original standpoint – analysis of urban emptiness.
Interdependence among dimensions of sustainability
Authors: Gupta Sandeep Kumar , Racherla Uday Shanker 
Published: February 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the interdependence among dimensions of sustainability, i.e. economic, social and environmental performance, this study focuses on leading states of the Indian leather Industry.Design/methodology/approachThis study followed exploratory research where partial least square (PLS) based structural equation modeling has been used. The states have been selected based on judgmental sampling. The study used unit level data for the leading states of Indian leather Industry − namely, Tamil Nadu (TN), West Bengal and Uttar Pradesh. The study has used Annual Survey of Industry data from 2007-2008 to 2011-2012. The proposed hypotheses have been tested using WarpPLS 5.0 software.FindingsThe structural equation analysis of unit-wise leather industry data supports a significant bi-directional negative relationship between social performance and economic performance among all the selected states. In contrast, the relationship between economic performance and environmental performance, as expected and supported by many existing theories, has shown a bidirectional positive relationship. However, the relationship between social and environmental performance has shown quite mysterious and mixed trends. TN has depicted significantly negative coefficients, which could be attributed to higher pressure for environmental compliance that might have led to a trade-off between the two to gain cost competitiveness.Research limitations/implicationsUnavailability of data for many critical indicators is the biggest limitation of this study.Originality/valueThe sustainability framework proposed in this work is an original contribution of authors to the existing literature. Moreover, this study on the Indian leather industry fills the gap and resolves the mystery of interconnection among the dimensions of sustainability.
Fuzzy logic-based real-time control for a twin-rotor MIMO system using GA-based optimization
Authors: Jain Arpit , Sheel Satya , Kuchhal Piyush 
Published: February 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to study the application of entropy based optimized fuzzy logic control for a real-time non-linear system. Optimization of the fuzzy membership function (MF) is one of the most explored areas for performance improvement of the fuzzy logic controllers (FLC). Conversely, majority of previous works are motivated on choosing an optimized shape for the MF, while on the other hand the support of fuzzy set is not accounted.

Design/methodology/approach
The proposed investigation provides the optimal support for predefined MFs by using genetic algorithms-based optimization of fuzzy entropy-based objective function.

Findings
The experimental results obtained indicate an improvement in the performance of the controller which includes improvement in error indices, transient and steady-state parameters. The applicability of proposed algorithm has been verified through real-time control of the twin rotor multiple-input, multiple-output system (TRMS).

Research limitations/implications
The proposed algorithm has been used for the optimization of triangular sets, and can also be used for the optimization of other fussy sets, such as Gaussian, s-function, etc.

Practical implications
The proposed optimization can be combined with other algorithms which optimize the mathematical function (shape), and a potent optimization tool for designing of the FLC can be formulated.

Originality/value
This paper presents the application of a new optimized FLC which is tested for control of pitch and yaw angles in a TRMS. The performance of the proposed optimized FLC shows significant improvement when compared with standard references.
Performance improvement of a STATCOM using fuzzy controller for isolated generator
Authors: Pati Swagat , Mohanty Kanungo Barada , Kar Sanjeeb Kumar 
Published: February 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to demonstrate the efficacy of fuzzy logic controller (FLC) over proportional integral (PI) and sliding mode controller (SMC) for maintaining flat voltage profile at the load bus of a single-generator-based micro-grid system using STATCOM.

Design/methodology/approach
A STATCOM is used to improve the voltage profile of the load bus. The performance of the STATCOM is evaluated by using three different controllers: PI controllers, FLCs and SMCs. The performance comparison of the controllers is done with different dc bus voltages, different load bus voltage references, various loads such as R-L loads and dynamic loads.

Findings
A comparative analysis is done between the performances of the three different controllers. The comparative study culminates that FLC is found to be superior than the other proposed controllers. SMC is a close competitor of fuzzy controller.

Originality/value
Design of fuzzy logic and SMCs for a STATCOM implemented in a single-generator-based micro-grid system is applied.
Electromyographic characterisation of abdominal wall trigger points developed after caesarean section and response to local anaesthesia: an observational study
Authors: Poli‐Neto OB , Campos Martins Chamochumbi C , Toscano P , Pitanguy Julio M , Marques W , Rosa‐e‐Silva JC , Candido‐dos‐Reis FJ , Nogueira AA 
Published: February 2018

ObjectiveThis study examines the electromyography pattern of abdominal trigger points developed after a caesarean section, and the association between clinical response and local anaesthetic injection.DesignProspective cohort study.SettingA tertiary university hospital.PopulationTwenty‐nine women with chronic pelvic pain associated with trigger points after a caesarean section were included in the study.MethodsParticipants received needle electromyography before treatment, then underwent a treatment protocol consisting of trigger‐point injection of 2 ml of 1% lidocaine. The protocol was repeated once a week for 4 weeks. The clinical responses of the patients were compared 1 week after and 3 months after treatment. The clinical trial is registered with the Brazilian Clinical Trials Registry (REBEC) under RBR‐42c6gz (www.ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-42c6gz/).Main outcome measuresNeedle electromyography and algometry results and pain reduction.ResultsFifteen patients had abnormal electromyography findings; 14 had normal findings. The rates of response 1 week and 3 months after treatment within the abnormal electromyography group were 95 and 87%, respectively. In the normal group, the rate was 38% both 1 week after and 3 months after treatment.ConclusionsTrigger points developed after caesarean section, even without clinical symptoms or signs of neuralgia, may originate from neuropathies. Electromyographic abnormalities were associated with pain remission after anaesthesia injection; normal electromyography findings were associated with undiagnosed causes of pain, such as adhesions.Tweetable abstractTrigger points developed after caesarean section are neuropathies, even in the absence of classical neuralgia.
Taste sensitivity and divergence in host plant acceptance between adult females and larvae ofPapilio hospiton
Authors: Sollai Giorgia , Biolchini Maurizio , Crnjar Roberto 
Published: February 2018

AbstractOn the island of Sardinia the lepidopteranPapilio hospitonusesFerula communisas exclusive host plant. However, on the small island of Tavolara, adult females lay eggs onSeseli tortuosum, a plant confined to the island. When raised in captivity onSeselionly few larvae grew beyond the first–second instar. Host specificity of lepidopterans is determined by female oviposition preferences, but also by larval food acceptance, and adult and larval taste sensitivity may be related to host selection in both cases. Aim of this work was: (i) to study the taste sensitivity of larvae and ovipositing females to saps ofFerulaandSeseli; (ii) to cross‐compare the spike activity of gustatory receptor neurons (GRNs) to both taste stimuli; (iii) to evaluate the discriminating capability between the two saps and determine which neural code/s is/are used. The results show that: (i) the spike responses of the tarsal GRNs of adult females to both plant saps are not different and therefore they cannot discriminate the two plants; (ii) larval L‐lat GRN shows a higher activity in response toSeselithanFerula, while the opposite occurs for the phagostimulant neurons, and larvae may discriminate between the two saps by means of multiple neural codes; (iii) the number of eggs laid on the two plants is the same, but the larval growth performance is better onFerulathanSeseli. Taste sensitivity differences may explain the absence of a positive relationship between oviposition preferences by adult females and plant acceptance and growth performance by larvae.
Morphological and Phylogenetic Study Based on New Materials ofAnchiornis huxleyi(Dinosauria, Theropoda) from Jianchang, Western Liaoning, China
Authors: GUO Xiangqi , XU Li , JIA Songhai 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAnchiornis huxleyi, which is a member of the Middle–Late Jurassic Yanliao Biota, is the smallest feathered dinosaur ever known. It has been described as a critical link between feathered dinosaurs and birds. Recent studies, including those ofAnchiornis, Xiaotingia, EosinopteryxandAurornis, challengedArchaeopteryxas the most basal bird. The newAnchiornis huxleyispecimens that are described in this paper show some minor different characters compared to previously reportedAnchiornisspecimens, which has revised the character list ofAnchiornisand indicates a different phylogenetic point from former opinions.
Geochronology, Geochemistry and Sr‐Nd‐Pb‐Hf Isotopes of No. I Complex from the Shitoukengde Ni–Cu Sulfide Deposit in the Eastern Kunlun Orogen, Western China: Implications for the Magmatic Source, Geodynamic Setting and Genesis
Authors: LI Liang , SUN Fengyue , LI Bile , LI Shijin , CHEN Guangjun , WANG Wei , YAN Jiaming , ZHAO Tuofei , DONG Jun , ZHANG Dexin 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe Shitoukengde Ni‐Cu deposit, located in the Eastern Kunlun Orogen, comprises three mafic–ultramafic complexes, with the No. I complex hosting six Ni‐Cu orebodies found recently. The deposit is hosted in the small ultramafic bodies intruding Proterozoic metamorphic rocks. Complexes at Shitoukengde contain all kinds of mafic‐ultramafic rocks, and olivine websterite and pyroxene peridotite are the most important Ni‐Cu‐hosted rocks. Zircon U‐Pb dating suggests that the Shitoukengde Ni‐Cu deposit formed in late Silurian (426–422 Ma), and their zircons have εHf(t) values of −9.4 to 5.9 with the older TDM1 ages (0.80–1.42 Ga). Mafic‐ultramafic rocks from the No. I complex show the similar rare earth and trace element patterns, which are enriched in light rare earth elements and large ion lithophile elements (e.g., K, Rb, Th) and depleted in heavy rare earth elements and high field strength elements (e.g., Ta, Nb, Zr, Ti). Sulfides from the deposit have the slightly higher δ34S values of 1.9–4.3± than the mantle (0 ± 2±). The major and trace element characteristics, and Sr‐Nd‐Pb and Hf, S isotopes indicate that their parental magmas originated from a metasomatised, asthenospheric mantle source which had previously been modified by subduction‐related fluids, and experienced significant crustal contamination both in the magma chamber and during ascent triggering S oversaturation by addition of S and Si, that resulted in the deposition and enrichment of sulfides. Combined with the tectonic evolution, we suggest that the Shitoukengde Ni‐Cu deposit formed in the post‐collisional, extensional regime related to the subducted oceanic slab break‐off after the Wanbaogou oceanic basalt plateau collaged northward to the Qaidam Block in late Silurian.
Petrological Investigations and Zircon U‐Pb Dating of High Pressure Felsic Granulites from the Yushugou Complex, South Tianshan, China
Authors: ZHANG Lu , ZHANG Lifei , ZHU Jianjiang , XIA Bin , LÜ Zeng , BADER Thomas 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAs a window of insight into the lower crust, high pressure granulite has received much attention since last decade. Yushugou high pressure granulite‐peridotite Complex was located in the northeast margin of Southern Tianshan, NW China. Previous ideas agreed that the peridotite unit in Yushugou, combined with the ultramafic rocks in Tonghuashan and Liuhuangshan, represent an ophiolite belt. However, the metamorphic evolution and tectonic mechanism of the Yushugou high pressure (HP) granulite remain controversial. Petrological investigations and phase equilibrium modelling for two representative felsic granulite samples suggest two stages metamorphism of the rocks in Yushugou Complex. Granulite facies metamorphism (Stage I) with P‐T conditions of 9.8–10.4 kbar at 895–920°C was recorded by the porphyroblastic garnet core; HP granulite facies metamorphism (Stage II) shows P‐T conditions of 13.2–13.5 kbar at 845–860°C, based on the increasing grossular and decreasing pyrope contents of garnet rims. The Yushugou HP felsic granulites have recorded an anticlockwise P‐T path, characterized by the temperature decreasing and pressure increasing simultaneously. The LA‐ICP‐MS isotopic investigations on zircons from the felsic granulite show that the protolith ages of the granlulites are ∼430 Ma, with two age groups of ∼390 Ma and 340–350 Ma from the metamorphic rims of zircon, indicating the Stage I and II metamorphic events, respectively. A tectonic model was proposed to interpret the processes. The investigated felsic granulite was derived from deep rooted hanging wall, with Stage I granulite facies metamorphism of ∼390 Ma, which may be related to the Devonian arc magmatic intrusion; Stage II HP granulite facies metamorphism (340–350 Ma) may due to the involvement of being captured into the subducting slab and experienced the high pressure metamorphism.
Sedimentology and Sequence Stratigraphy of Marine to Lacustrine Deltaic Deposits in a Craton Basin and Their Controlling Factors: Shan 2 Member–He 8 Member (Guadalupian–Lopingian, Permian), Southeast Ordos Basin, North China
Authors: SHAN Xin , YU Xinghe , CLIFT Peter , LI Yalong , JIN Lina , SU Dongxu , DU Yonghui , ZHOU Jinsong , HAN Xiaoqin 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe Shan 2 Member, Shan 1 Member and He 8 Member of the Mid–Late Permian Shanxi and lower Xiashihezi formations, in the southeastern Ordos Basin, together comprise ∼150 m of deltaic deposits. This sequence records an overall evolution from deep marine environment to shallow lake associated with braided river, braided river delta and meandering river delta. Core description, well log interpretation, and stable isotope analysis, including carbon, oxygen and strontium, were conducted to understand the sedimentary evolution of Shan 2 to He 8 Member. The Shanxi Formation, which consists of the Shan 2 and Shan 1 members, is characterized by a tidal‐influenced meandering river delta environment and a higher δ13C value and 87Sr/86Sr ratio and a lower δ18O value. The He 8 Member, the basal part of the Xiashihezi Formation, is featured by a braided river to braided river delta system and a lower δ13C value, 87Sr/86Sr ratio, and a higher δ18O value. Four third‐order depositional sequences separated by five sequence boundaries are determined. Coarsening upward sequences of the Shan 2 Member–He 8 Member indicate a general regression trend, which can be correlated to global sea‐level fall occurring during the Roadian–Wuchiapingian, as also evidenced by previous published zircon U–Pb results. The coal‐bearing sequence (Shanxi Formation) to non‐coal‐bearing sequence (He 8 Member), as well as a decrease of 87Sr/86Sr, suggest a trend from humid to arid climates. A combined effect of sea‐level drop and a small uplift at the end of Shanxi Formation are proposed.
Sequence Stratigraphy and Rudist Facies Development of the Upper Barremian‐Lower Cenomanian Platform, Northern Sinai, Egypt
Authors: SALAMA Yasser , GRAMMER Michael , SABER Shaban , EL‐SHAZLY Soheir , ABDEL‐GAWAD Gouda 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe Lower Cretaceous sections in northern Sinai are composed of the Risan Aneiza (upper Barremian‐middle Albian) and the Halal (middle Albian‐lower Cenomanian) formations. The facies reflect subtle paleobathymetry from inner to outer ramp facies. The inner ramp facies are peritidal, protected to open marine lagoons, shoals and rudist biostrome facies. The inner ramp facies grade northward into outer ramp deposits. The upper Barremian‐lower Cenomanian succession is subdivided into nine depositional sequences correlated with those recognized in the neighbouring Tethyan areas. These sequences are subdivided into 19 medium‐scale sequences based on the facies evolution, the recorded hardgrounds and flooding surfaces, interpreted as the result of eustatic sea level changes and local tectonic activities of the early Syrian Arc rifting stage. Each sequence contains a lower retrogradational parasequence set that constituted the transgressive systems tracts and an upper progradational parasequence set that formed the highstand systems tracts. Nine rudist levels are recorded in the upper Barremian through lower Cenomanian succession at Gabal Raghawi. At Gabal Yelleg two rudist levels are found in the Albian. The rudist levels are associated with the highstand systems tract deposits because of the suitability of the trophic conditions in the rudist‐dominated ramp.
Carbon Geochemistry of Gas Hydrate‐associated Sediments in the Southwestern Taiwan Basin
Authors: LEI Huaiyan , YANG Yufeng , KANDASAMY Selvaraj , SHI Chunxiao 
Published: February 2018

AbstractMarine gas hydrates, one of the largest methane reservoirs on Earth, may greatly affect the deep sea sedimentary environment and biogeochemistry; however, the carbon geochemistry in gas hydrate‐bearing sediments is poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the carbon variables in sediment core 973‐3 from the southwestern Taiwan Basin in the South China Sea to understand the effect of environmental factors and archaeal communities on carbon geochemistry. The carbon profiles suggest the methanogenesis with the incerase of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and high total organic carbon (TOC) (mean = 0.46%) originated from terrigenous organic matter (mean δ13CTOC value of −23.6±) driven by the abundant methanogen ‘Methanosaeta and Methanomicrobiales'. The active anaerobic oxidation of methane is characterized by the increase of DIC and inorganic carbon (IC), and the depleted δ13CIC, coupled with the increase of TOC and the decrease of δ13CTOC values owing to the methanotroph ‘Methanosarcinales/ANME’ in 430–840 cm. Environmental factors and archaeal communities in core 973‐3 are significantly correlated to carbon variables owing to methane production and oxidation. Our results indicate that the carbon geochemical characteristics are obviously responding to the formation and decomposition of gas hydrates. Furthermore, pH, Eh and grain size, and Methanosaeta greatly affect the carbon geochemistry in gas hydrate‐associated sediments.
Immediate effects on adult drinkers of exposure to alcohol harm reduction advertisements with and without drinking guideline messages: experimental study
Authors: Wakefield Melanie A. , Brennan Emily , Dunstone Kimberley , Durkin Sarah J. , Dixon Helen G. , Pettigrew Simone , Slater Michael D. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAimsTo compare the immediate effects on drinkers of television advertisements focusing upon short‐ versus long‐term harms with and without low‐risk drinking guidelines.DesignBetween‐participants on‐line experiment, with random assignment to view: (a) alcohol product advertisements (ALC control); (b) advertisements unrelated to alcohol (NON‐ALC control); (c) advertisements featuring short‐term harms (STH) of alcohol; (d) advertisements featuring STH plus a STH guideline (STH+G); (e) advertisements featuring long‐term harms (LTH); or (f) advertisements featuring LTH plus a LTH guideline (LTH+G).SettingAustralia, 2016.ParticipantsA total of 3718 drinkers aged 18–64 years (48.5% male).MeasurementsPost‐exposure likelihood that participants provided a correct estimate of drinking levels associated with short‐ and long‐term harms; post‐exposure intentions to avoid alcohol or reduce consumption.FindingsAfter exposure to STH+G or LTH+G advertisements, participants were more likely to estimate correctly rather than overestimate drinking levels associated with harm, compared with those exposed to STH (P < 0.001) and LTH advertisements without guidelines, respectively (P = 0.019) and ALC control (STH+G, P < 0.001; LTH+G, P < 0.001) and NON‐ALC control conditions (STH+G, P < 0.001; LTH+G, P = 0.011). Drinkers exposed to STH conditions were more likely to intend to reduce next‐week alcohol consumption than those exposed to ALC control (both P < 0.001) and NON‐ALC control conditions (STH, P = 0.001; STH+G, P < 0.001); a similar pattern was observed for intentions to avoid alcohol. Drinkers exposed to LTH conditions were also more likely than drinkers exposed to ALC or NON‐ALC controls to intend to avoid and reduce alcohol in the next week. Additionally, drinkers exposed to LTH+G were more likely to intend to reduce drinking than those exposed to LTH advertisements without guidelines (P = 0.022). Response patterns for low‐ and high‐risk drinkers by condition were similar.ConclusionsAlcohol harm television advertisements increase intentions to reduce alcohol consumption among both low‐ and high‐risk drinkers. The addition of low‐risk drinking guidelines can enhance these effects for advertisements featuring long‐term harms and improve estimates of both short‐ and long‐term harmful drinking levels.