bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oxidative damage of SP-D abolishes control of eosinophil extracellular DNA trap formation
Authors: Yousefi Shida , Sharma Satish K , Stojkov Darko , Germic Nina , Aeschlimann Salome , Ge Moyar Q , Flayer Cameron H , Larson Erik D , Redai Imre G , Zhang Suhong , Koziol-White Cynthia J , Karikó Katalin , Simon Hans-Uwe , Haczku Angela 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
The asthmatic airways are highly susceptible to inflammatory injury by air pollutants such as ozone (O3), characterized by enhanced activation of eosinophilic granulocytes and a failure of immune protective mechanisms. Eosinophil activation during asthma exacerbation contributes to the proinflammatory oxidative stress by high levels of nitric oxide (NO) production and extracellular DNA release. Surfactant protein-D (SP-D), an epithelial cell product of the airways, is a critical immune regulatory molecule with a multimeric structure susceptible to oxidative modifications. Using recombinant proteins and confocal imaging, we demonstrate here that SP-D directly bound to the membrane and inhibited extracellular DNA trap formation by human and murine eosinophils in a concentration and carbohydrate-dependent manner. Combined allergic airway sensitization and O3 exposure heightened eosinophilia and nos2 mRNA (iNOS) activation in the lung tissue and S-nitrosylation related de-oligomerisation of SP-D in the airways. In vitro reproduction of the iNOS action led to similar effects on SP-D. Importantly, S-nitrosylation abolished the ability of SP-D to block extracellular DNA trap formation. Thus, the homeostatic negative regulatory feedback between SP-D and eosinophils is destroyed by the NO-rich oxidative lung tissue environment in asthma exacerbations.
Demonstration that specific carbohydrate-dependent inhibition of murine and human eosinophil extracellular DNA trap release is abolished by s-nitrosylation of the SP-D molecule.
Assessment of breast mass morphology with diffusion‐weighted MRI: Beyond apparent diffusion coefficient
Authors: Kul Sibel , Metin Yavuz , Kul Musa , Metin Nurgul , Eyuboglu Ilker , Ozdemir Oguzhan 
Published: May 2018

BackgroundDiffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI) is a noncontrast‐enhanced MRI technique. There are new promising studies on the use of DWI as a part of the enhanced or unenhanced abbreviated breast MRI protocols.PurposeTo evaluate the ability of breast DWI in the assessment of mass morphology and determine the contribution of this morphologic evaluation in their characterization.Study TypeRetrospective.PopulationIn all, 213 consecutive women were breast MR imaged and had a later confirmed diagnosis.Field Strength/SequenceBreast dynamic contrast‐enhanced‐MRI (DCE‐MRI) and DWI at 1.5T.AssessmentAfter Institutional Review Board approval, two radiologists first independently, and later in consensus, evaluated the visibility and morphology of the 143 malignant, 70 benign masses on DWI and DCE‐MRI in separate sessions, blindly. Shape, margin, and internal pattern of the masses were evaluated according to BI‐RADS lexicon. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and tumor size were measured by one radiologist.Statistical TestsConsistency between imaging methods and readers was evaluated with Cohen's kappa statistics. Multivariate analysis was applied to find the best predictors of malignancy.ResultsTumor visibility on DWI was high to moderate in at least 88% of cases. Consistency between DWI and DCE‐MRI was substantial (kappa ≥0.757) for shape and margin and moderate (kappa = 0.505) for internal pattern. Interobserver agreement was substantial to moderate for all morphologic parameters (kappa ≥0.596). Morphology evaluated on DWI provided 83–84% accuracy in discriminating malignant from benign masses. ADC alone provided 90–91% accuracy. Both morphologic parameters and ADC were significantly associated with malignancy on multivariate analysis and provided 91–93% accuracy.Data ConclusionDWI might be used not only for ADC evaluation but also for the morphological evaluation of breast masses to characterize them.Level of Evidence: 3Technical Efficacy: Stage 2J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2018;48:1668–1677
Role of dynamic contrast‐enhanced MRI in evaluating the association between contralateral parenchymal enhancement and survival outcome in ER‐positive, HER2‐negative, node‐negative invasive breast cancer
Authors: Shin Gi Won , Zhang Yang , Kim Min Jung , Su Min‐Ying , Kim Eun‐Kyung , Moon Hee Jung , Yoon Jung Hyun , Park Vivian Youngjean 
Published: May 2018

BackgroundBackground parenchymal enhancement (BPE) on dynamic contrast‐enhanced (DCE)‐MRI has been associated with breast cancer risk, both based on qualitative and quantitative assessments.PurposeTo investigate whether BPE of the contralateral breast on preoperative DCE‐MRI is associated with therapy outcome in ER‐positive, HER2‐negative, node‐negative invasive breast cancer.Study TypeRetrospective.PopulationIn all, 289 patients with unilateral ER‐positive, HER2‐negative, node‐negative breast cancer larger than 5 mm.Field Strength/Sequence3T, T1‐weighted DCE sequence.AssessmentBPE of the contralateral breast was assessed qualitatively by two dedicated radiologists and quantitatively (using region‐of‐interest and automatic breast segmentation).Statistical TestsCox regression analysis was used to determine associations with recurrence‐free survival (RFS) and distant metastasis‐free survival (DFS). Interobserver variability for parenchymal enhancement was assessed using kappa statistics and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).ResultsThe median follow‐up time was 75.8 months. Multivariate analysis showed receipt of total mastectomy (hazard ratio [HR]: 5.497) and high Ki‐67 expression level (HR: 5.956) were independent factors associated with worse RFS (P < 0.05). Only a high Ki‐67 expression level was associated with worse DFS (HR: 3.571, P = 0.045). BPE assessments were not associated with outcome (RFS [qualitative BPE: P = 0.75, 0.92 for readers 1 and 2; quantitative BPE: P = 0.38‐0.99], DFS, [qualitative BPE: P = 0.41, 0.16 for readers 1 and 2; quantitative BPE: P = 0.68‐0.99]). For interobserver variability, there was good agreement between qualitative (κ = 0.700) and good to perfect agreement for most quantitative parameters of BPE.Data ConclusionContralateral BPE showed no association with survival outcome in patients with ER‐positive, HER2‐negative, node‐negative invasive breast cancer. A high Ki‐67 expression level was associated with both worse recurrence‐free and distant metastasis‐free survival.Level of Evidence: 3Technical Efficacy: Stage 4J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2018;48:1678–1689
Creators and Presses: The Person–Situation Interaction in Negative Creativity
Authors: Kapoor Hansika , Khan Azizuddin 
Published: May 2018

AbstractGiven the recent emphasis on exploring valence in creative behavior, this study examines negative creativity via a person–situation interactionist perspective. By manipulating goal valence (uses or misuses) and object valence (positive or negative), four conditions of an adapted Divergent Thinking task were used to predict positive and negative creativity. Participants (N = 178, 103 females, Mage = 23.82, SD = 4.03, range: 18–38) responded to a single condition along with the Big Five and Dark Triad personality scales in a between‐groups design. Hierarchical multiple regressions revealed that goal and object valence significantly explained variance in valences of creative responses, beyond individual differences of personality. Furthermore, the congruence between goal and object valence predicted valenced creativity; that is, the positive objects and goals condition yielded more positive‐original ideas, and the negative objects and goals condition yielded more negative‐original ones. Object valence alone (material presses) did not contribute significantly to explaining valenced creativity. Negative‐original responses were inversely related to conscientiousness, and directly to intellect/imagination and secondary psychopathy. Thus, negative creativity was attributed relatively more to person as compared to situation variables. Results are discussed from a valence‐based and interactionist perspective.
Adsorption of glycerophosphate on goethite (α‐FeOOH): A macroscopic and infrared spectroscopic study
Authors: Li Hailan , Wan Biao , Yan Yupeng , Zhang Yanyi , Cheng Wei , Feng Xionghan 
Published: May 2018

AbstractAdsorption, desorption, and precipitation reactions at environmental interfaces govern the bioavailability, mobility, and fate of organic phosphates in terrestrial and aquatic environments. Glycerophosphate (GP) is a common environmental organic phosphate, however, surface adsorption reactions of GP on soil minerals have not been well understood. The adsorption characteristics of GP on goethite were studied using batch adsorption experiments, zeta (ζ) potential measurements, and in situ attenuated total reflectance‐Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR‐FTIR). GP exhibited fast initial adsorption kinetics on goethite, followed by a slow adsorption. The maximum adsorption densities of GP on goethite were 2.00, 1.95, and 1.44 μmol m−2 at pH 3, 5, and 7, respectively. Batch experiments showed decreased adsorption of GP with increasing pH from 3 to 10. Zeta potential measurements showed a remarkable decrease in the goethite isoelectric point upon GP adsorption (from 9.2 to 5.5), suggesting the formation of inner‐sphere surface complexes. In addition, the ATR‐FTIR spectra of GP sorbed on goethite were different from those of free GP at various pH values. These results suggested that GP was bound to goethite through the phosphate group by forming inner‐sphere surface complexes.
Transvaginal Ultrasound Shear Wave Elastography for the Evaluation of Benign Uterine Pathologies: A Prospective Pilot Study
Authors: Zhang Man , Wasnik Ashish P. , Masch William R. , Rubin Jonathan M. , Carlos Ruth C. , Quint Elisabeth H. , Maturen Katherine E. 
Published: May 2018

ObjectivesThis study evaluated the diagnostic performance of transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS) shear wave elastography (SWE) for evaluating uterine adenomyosis and leiomyomas.MethodsInstitutional Review Board approval was obtained for prospective enrollment of 34 premenopausal women with pelvic pain and/or bleeding between January 2015 and June 2016. TVUS SWE was performed with regions of interest in multiple uterine segments and shear wave velocities(SWVs) were recorded. Reference pelvic magnetic resonance examinations were performed and reviewed without access to the ultrasound results.ResultsContinuous variables were analyzed using means, t tests, and analysis of variance. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed adenomyosis in 6 women (12 uterine segments) and leiomyomas in 12 women (28 segments). On a per‐patient basis, mean SWV in 16 women with no adenomyosis or leiomyoma was 4.3 ± 1.7 m/s, compared with 5.7 ± 2.3 m/s in 18 women with a magnetic resonance diagnosis of myometrial pathology (P < .0002; 95% confidence interval, −2.2, −0.6). On a per‐segment basis, SWV in normal myometrium was 4.8 ± 1.9 m/s, compared with 4.9 ± 2.5 m/s in adenomyosis and 5.6 ± 2.5 m/s in leiomyoma (P = .34 by one‐way analysis of variance). In pairwise comparison, SWV for adenomyosis and leiomyoma did not differ significantly (P = .40).ConclusionsTVUS SWE did not distinguish adenomyosis from leiomyoma. However, our pilot study demonstrated that myometrial SWVs were higher in uteri with adenomyosis and leiomyomas than in uteri with myometrium with no abnormalities suggesting a potential role for SWE in treatment response assessment.
Noninvasive Measurement of Sciatic Nerve Stiffness in Patients With Chronic Low Back Related Leg Pain Using Shear Wave Elastography
Authors: Neto Tiago , Freitas Sandro R. , Andrade Ricardo J. , Vaz João R. , Mendes Bruno , Firmino Telmo , Bruno Paula M. , Nordez Antoine , Oliveira Raúl 
Published: May 2018

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to determine whether sciatic nerve stiffness is altered in people with chronic low back–related leg pain by using shear wave elastography.MethodsIn this cross‐sectional study, the sciatic nerve shear wave velocity (ie, an index of stiffness) was measured in both legs of 16 participants (8 with unilateral low back–related leg pain and 8 healthy controls). Sciatic stiffness was measured during a passive ankle dorsiflexion motion performed at 2°/s in an isokinetic dynamometer. The ankle range of motion and passive torque, as well as muscle activity, were also measured.ResultsIn people with low back–related leg pain, the affected limb showed higher sciatic nerve stiffness compared to the unaffected limb (+11.3%; P = .05). However, no differences were observed between the unaffected limb of people with low back–related leg pain and the healthy controls (P = .34).ConclusionsPeople with chronic low back–related leg pain have interlimb differences in sciatic nerve stiffness, as measured by a safe and noninvasive method: shear wave elastography. The changes found may be related to alterations in nerve mechanical properties, which should be confirmed by future investigations.
Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound in Peninsular Arab Patients With Sickle Cell Disease
Authors: Adekile Adekunle , Hassan Meaad , Asbeutah Akram , Al‐Hinai Mohamed , Trad Omar , Farhan Nayef 
Published: May 2018

ObjectivesTranscranial Doppler ultrasound is used to identify patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) at risk for stroke. We performed transcranial Doppler studies in patients from 4 countries in the Arabian Peninsula (Kuwait, Oman, Iraq, and United Arab Emirates) to document the prevalence of abnormal transcranial Doppler findings.MethodsThe patients were recruited from outpatient clinics and studied in a steady state. Transcranial Doppler examinations were performed with standard equipment by experienced operators. The time‐averaged maximum mean velocity (TAMMV) was documented in the arteries of the circle of Willis. The hemoglobin (Hb) genotype was confirmed, and the fetal Hb level and complete blood counts were determined.ResultsThere were 415 patients in the study, aged 2 to 18 years (mean ± SD, 8.6 ± 3.5 years). None of the patients had an abnormal TAMMV (ie, > 200 cm/s), whereas only 13 (3.1%), all from Iraq, had conditional values (170–200 cm/s) in the right middle cerebral artery and 7 (1.7%) in the left middle cerebral artery. There were no consistent TAMMV differences among male and female patients or in patients with different Hb genotypes (sickle cell anemia, sickle cell β0‐thalassemia, and sickle D). The use of hydroxyurea was associated with a lower TAMMV, whereas a blood transfusion history had no influence. Total hemoglobin, reticulocyte count, serum bilirubin, and fetal Hb values showed varying degrees of association with the TAMMV in the different vessels.ConclusionsThis study has demonstrated the rarity of abnormal transcranial Doppler findings among Peninsular Arab patients with SCD. The guidelines for transcranial Doppler screening in this population need further studies and recommendations.
Improvement in abdominal and flank contouring by a novel adipocyte‐selective non‐contact radiofrequency device
Authors: Choi Sun Young , Kim Young Jae , Kim So Yeon , Lee Woo Jin , Chang Sung Eun , Lee Mi Woo , Choi Jee Ho , Won Chonghyun 
Published: May 2018

BackgroundThe demand for undergoing subcutaneous fat reduction has been gradually increasing, and there are many methods and devices for performing non‐surgical and non‐invasive fat reduction, such as high‐intensity focused ultrasound, cryolipolysis, radiofrequency (RF) devices, and lasers.ObjectivesThis study evaluated the efficacy and safety of a novel adipocyte‐selective non‐contact RF device for improving abdominal contouring in Asian subjects.MethodsTwenty‐four Asian subjects with abundant subcutaneous abdominal and love handle fat tissues were enrolled in this prospective clinical study. They received six 45‐min weekly treatments with an RF field device over the abdominal and love handle regions. The body mass index and abdominal circumference were measured at baseline and at 4 and 8 weeks post the last treatment. The thickness of the abdomen and depth of subcutaneous abdominal fat tissue were respectively assessed using calipers and abdominal ultrasonography. A subset of 15 subjects was selected by randomization for fat volume measurement via abdominal CT. For safety evaluation, serum lipid, and liver‐related blood tests were performed at baseline and at the sixth treatment session. Subjects rated their heat perception level using a four point scale and their pain score using an 11‐point visual analog scale during RF treatment.ResultsTwenty‐four subjects (21 females and 3 males) completed this study with an 8‐week follow‐up. The average decreases in abdominal circumference at 4 and 8 weeks post treatment were 3.48 ± 2.11 cm (P < 0.001) and 5.12 ± 0.47 cm (P < 0.001), respectively. The average decreases in abdominal fat thickness at 4 and 8 weeks treatment were 0.27 ± 0.61 cm (P = 0.041) and 0.47 ± 0.60 cm (P = 0.001), respectively. The average decreases in subcutaneous fat tissue depth at 4 and 8 weeks post treatment were 0.16 ± 0.43 cm (P = 0.091) and 0.34 ± 0.39 cm (P < 0.001), respectively. However, there was no significant change in the subcutaneous fat tissue volume. The mean heat perception level was 2.24, and the mean pain score was 0.74. No serious adverse effects were observed during treatment and the follow‐up periods, and there were no clinically significant changes in lipid or liver‐related levels.ConclusionsThe adipocyte‐selective non‐contact RF field device appears to be effective and safe for improving abdominal contouring. Lasers Surg. Med. 50:738–744, 2018.© 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Cheminformatics Driven Development of Novel Therapies for Drug Resistant Prostate Cancer
Authors: Ban Fuqiang , Dalal Kush , LeBlanc Eric , Morin Hélène , Rennie Paul S. , Cherkasov Artem 
Published: May 2018

AbstractAndrogen receptor (AR) is a master regulator of prostate cancer (PCa), and therefore is a pivotal drug target for the treatment of PCa including its castration‐resistance form (CRPC). The development of acquired resistance is a major challenge in the use of the current antiandrogens. The recent advancements in inhibiting AR activity with small molecules specifically designed to target areas distinct from the receptor's androgen binding site are carefully discussed. Our new classes of AR inhibitors of AF2 and BF3 functional sites and DBD domains designed using cheminformatics techniques are promising to circumvent various AR‐dependent resistance mechanisms.
Polyphenol‐rich Mango (Mangifera indica L.) Ameliorate Functional Constipation Symptoms in Humans beyond Equivalent Amount of Fiber
Authors: Venancio Vinicius P. , Kim Hyemee , Sirven Maritza A. , Tekwe Carmen D. , Honvoh Gilson , Talcott Stephen T. , Mertens‐Talcott Susanne U. 
Published: May 2018

ScopeChronic constipation is a common gastrointestinal condition associated with intestinal inflammation and considerably impaired quality of life, affecting about 20% of Americans. Dietary fiber and laxatives aid in its treatment but do not fully address all symptoms, such as intestinal inflammation. Mango (Mangifera indica L.), a fiber‐ and polyphenol‐rich fruit may provide anti‐inflammatory effects in constipation.Methods and resultsThe 4 week consumption of mango fruit (300 g) or the equivalent amount of fiber is investigated in otherwise healthy human volunteers with chronic constipation who are randomly assigned to either group. Blood and fecal samples and digestive wellness questionnaires are collected at the beginning and end of the study. Results show that mango consumption significantly improve constipation status (stool frequency, consistency, and shape) and increase gastrin levels and fecal concentrations of short chain fatty acid (valeric acid) while lowering endotoxin and interleukin 6 concentrations in plasma.ConclusionIn this pilot study, the consumption of mango improves symptoms and associated biomarkers of constipation beyond an equivalent amount of fiber. Larger follow‐up studies would need to investigate biomarkers for intestinal inflammation in more detail.
Working Towards a Framework for Stock Evaluations in Data-Limited Fisheries
Authors: Sagarese Skyler R. , Rios Adyan B. , Cass-Calay Shannon L. , Cummings Nancie J. , Bryan Meaghan D. , Stevens Molly H. , Harford William J. , McCarthy Kevin J. , Matter Vivian M. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Data-limited approaches to managing fisheries are widespread in regions where insufficient data prevent traditional stock assessments from determining stock status with sufficient certainty to be useful for management. Where severe data limitations persist, a catch-only approach is commonly employed, such as in the U.S. Caribbean region. This approach, however, has not received the level of scrutiny required to determine the potential long-term risks (e.g., probability of overfishing) to fish stocks. In this study, we present a framework for comparison and implementation of data-limited methods, including the static Status Quo approach, which uses average catch landings. Candidate species for stock evaluation were identified through a data triage and included Yellowtail Snapper Ocyurus chrysurus (Puerto Rico), Queen Triggerfish Balistes vetula (St. Thomas and St. John), and Stoplight Parrotfish Sparisoma viride (St. Croix). Feasible data-limited methods, based on data availability and quality, included empirical indicator approaches using relative abundance (i.e., catch per unit effort) or mean length. Results from the management strategy evaluation support the use of adaptive data-limited methods, which incorporate feedback in contrast to the static Status Quo approach. The proposed framework can help guide the development of catch advice for dynamic fisheries management in data-limited regions.
Effect of Preservation in Formalin and Alcohol on the Growth Rate Estimates of Larval Northern Pike
Authors: Greszkiewicz Martyna , Fey Dariusz P. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Body length measurements and growth rate (GR) analysis are important steps in research on the ecology of early development stages of fish. In order to obtain accurate results, the lengths of field-collected and preserved larvae must be corrected for shrinkage. Northern Pike Esox lucius larvae were kept in the laboratory in freshwater conditions (300-L tank; temperature = 16°C), where they were fed six times a day ad libitum with aquaculture feed. Every 3 d over a period of 30 d, a subsample of approximately 30 larvae was collected, measured, and placed in separate vials in 96% alcohol and 4% formalin. All of the larvae (8.8–34 mm SL; n = 276) were measured again after 90 d of preservation. The shrinkage ranged from 0% to 11.6%, averaging 3.42% in alcohol (n = 134) and 3.74% in formalin (n = 139). The difference was not statistically significant. In both preservatives, the relative shrinkage (%) was higher for small fish than for large fish. The length correction for 8–34-mm SL fish in both alcohol and formalin should be done by adding 0.7 mm to the length measured after preservation. Shrinkage did not affect fish GRs estimated based on linear regression fitted to size-at-age data (0.645 mm/d for unpreserved larvae and 0.650 mm/d for preserved larvae). In the opposite case, when growth was estimated as mean GR between hatching and sampling, the shrinkage effect was significant: the mean GR was 0.604 mm/d for unpreserved larvae and 0.558 mm/d for preserved larvae. The presented shrinkage correction formula allows for obtaining accurate length and GR data for larval Northern Pike that should lead to conclusions that credibly support undertaking appropriate management strategies.