bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modulating the burst drug release effect of waterborne polyurethane matrix by modifying with polymethylmethacrylate
Authors: Bahadur A. , Saeed A. , Shoaib M. , Iqbal S. , Anwer S. 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTTo reduce cost and increase environmental friendliness, waterborne polyurethane (WPU) is a tempting choice in the field of green chemistry. Biodegradable WPU was synthesized using lysine as an internal emulsifier. WPU was further modified using methylate methacrylate (MMA) as an acrylic monomer. Unsaturated pre‐PU was synthesized by using unsaturated end‐capping agent 2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate and further extended by MMA to form acrylate modified WPU. A permanent covalent linkage was established between WPU and PMMA as confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy. The focus of this research work was to study the dependence of drug delivery, mechanical, thermal, surface, and structural properties of WPU, on the MMA repeating unit content (10%–40%). For drug release studies mitomycin c was taken as a model anticancer drug. Furthermore, these materials were subjected to in vitro and in vivo cytotoxicity evaluation, which shows that synthesized acrylate modified WPU are biocompatible. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47253.
A multi‐institutional retrospective study of carbon‐ion radiotherapy for non‐squamous cell malignant tumors of the nasopharynx: Subanalysis of Japan Carbon‐Ion Radiation Oncology Study Group study 1402 HN
Authors: Abe Takanori , Ohno Tatsuya , Koto Masashi , Demizu Yusuke , Suefuji Hiroaki , Tsuji Hiroshi , Okimoto Tomoaki , Shioyama Yoshiyuki , Saitoh Jun‐ichi , Shirai Katsuyuki , Nemoto Kenji , Nakano Takashi , Kamada Tadashi ,   Japan Carbon‐Ion Radiation Oncology Study Group
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackgroundThis multi‐institutional retrospective study focused on the clinical outcome of carbon‐ion radiotherapy (C‐ion RT) for non‐squamous cell malignant tumors of the nasopharynx.MethodsThe Japan Carbon‐ion Radiation Oncology Study Group collected and analyzed data for 43 patients with non‐squamous cell malignant tumors of the nasopharynx treated with C‐ion RT at four institutions in Japan.ResultsTwenty‐nine patients had adenoid cystic carcinomas, seven had malignant melanomas, three had adenocarcinomas, two had mucoepidermoid carcinomas, and two had other pathologies. Twenty‐six of the 43 patients (61%) had T4 tumors. The most common dose‐fractionation schedule was 64 Gy (relative biological effectiveness) in 16 fractions. The median follow‐up period was 30 months. The 2‐year local control (LC) and overall survival (OS) rates were 88% and 84%, respectively. For late toxicity, one patient developed grade 4 optic nerve disorder and two developed grade 5 pharyngeal hemorrhage. Actual incidence of grade 3 or higher late adverse events was 19%, and included cranial nerve dysfunction, jaw bone necrosis, central nervous system necrosis, and ear inflammation.ConclusionsC‐ion RT provided good LC and OS rates with acceptable toxicity for treatment of non‐squamous cell malignant tumors of the nasopharynx.
Neuromuscular organization of the Ctenophore Pleurobrachia bachei
Authors: Norekian Tigran P. , Moroz Leonid L. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractCtenophores are descendants of one of the earliest branching metazoan lineage with enigmatic nervous systems. The lack of convenient neurogenic molecules and neurotransmitters suggests an extensive parallel evolution and independent origins of neurons and synapses. However, the field lags due to the lack of microanatomical data about the neuro‐muscular systems in this group of animals. Here, using immunohistochemistry and scanning electron microscopy, we describe the organization of both muscular and nervous systems in the sea gooseberry, Pleurobrachia bachei, from North Pacific. The diffuse neural system of Pleurobrachia consists of two subsystems: the subepithelial neural network and the mesogleal net with about 5,000–7,000 neurons combined. Our data revealed the unexpected complexity of neuromuscular organization in this basal metazoan lineage. The anatomical diversity of cell types includes at least nine broad categories of neurons, five families of surface receptors and more than two dozen types of muscle cells as well as regional concentrations of neuronal elements to support ctenophore feeding, complex swimming, escape, and prey capture behaviors. In summary, we recognize more than 80 total morphological cell types. Thus, in terms of cell‐type specification and diversity, ctenophores significantly exceed what we currently know about other prebilaterian groups (placozoan, sponges, and cnidarians), and some basal bilaterians.
Asymmetric response of different functional insect groups to low‐grazing pressure in Eurasian steppe in Ningxia
Authors: Zhao Zihua , Wei Jing , Zhang Kaiyang , Li Hao , Wei Shuhua , Pan Xubin , Huang Wenguang , Zhu Mengmeng , Zhang Rong 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIn recent years, the continued loss and fragmentation of steppe has caused decreased ecosystem functions and species losses in insect diversity. In the 2000s, the Chinese government developed a series of national projects, such as the construction of enclosures, to conserve natural ecosystems, including steppe. However, the effects of these enclosures on steppe arthropod community are largely unknown. In the present study, we selected enclosed and low‐grazing regions at eight National Grassland Fixed Monitoring Stations to examine the compositional differences in four insect functional groups and their associated ecological functions. The results showed that diversity significantly differed between the enclosed and low‐grazing regions, with the number of insect families being significantly higher in enclosed regions than in regions with low‐grazing pressure. The responses of the insect community to steppe management also varied among the four groups (herbivores, predators, parasitoids, and pollinators). The abundances of herbivores, predators, and parasitoids were higher in enclosed regions than in low‐grazing regions, while there was no significant difference in pollinators. Additionally, there were no significant differences in the predator/prey ratio between enclosed regions and low‐grazing regions in any of the steppe types. The parasitic wasp/prey ratio was higher in enclosed regions than in low‐grazing regions in meadow steppe and typical steppe, while there were no significant differences between the enclosed and low‐grazing regions in desert steppe and steppe desert. Herbivores were observed to benefit much more from enclosures than predators, parasitoids, and pollinators. Therefore, we recommend low‐grazing should be considered in steppe conservation, which could conserve biodiversity and achieve biocontrol functions of arthropod community.
Expression of Concern: A gingivitis identification method based on contrast‐limited adaptive histogram equalization, gray‐level co‐occurrence matrix, and extreme learning machine
Authors: Li Wen , Chen Yiyang , Sun Weibin , Brown Mackenzie , Zhang Xuan , Wang Shuihua , Miao Leiying 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe diagnosis of gingivitis often occurs years later using a series of conventional oral examination, and they depended a lot on dental records, which are physically and mentally laborious task for dentists. In this study, our research presented a new method to diagnose gingivitis, which is based on contrast‐limited adaptive histogram equalization (CLAHE), gray‐level co‐occurrence matrix (GLCM), and extreme learning machine (ELM). Our dataset contains 93 images: 58 gingivitis images and 35 healthy control images. The experiments demonstrate that the average sensitivity, specificity, precision, and accuracy of our method is 75%, 73%, 74% and 74%, respectively. This method is more accurate and sensitive than three state‐of‐the‐art approaches.
Sketch and Speak: An Expository Intervention Using Note-Taking and Oral Practice for Children With Language-Related Learning Disabilities
Authors: Ukrainetz Teresa A. 
Published: November 2018

Purpose
This preliminary study investigated an intervention procedure employing 2 types of note-taking and oral practice to improve expository reporting skills.

Procedure
Forty-four 4th to 6th graders with language-related learning disabilities from 9 schools were assigned to treatment or control conditions that were balanced for grade, oral language, and other features. The treatment condition received 6 30-min individual or pair sessions from the school of speech-language pathologists (SLPs). Treatment involved reducing statements from grade-level science articles into concise ideas, recording the ideas as pictographic and conventional notes, and expanding from the notes into full oral sentences that are then combined into oral reports. Participants were pretested and posttested on taking notes from grade-level history articles and using the notes to give oral reports. Posttesting also included written reports 1 to 3 days following the oral reports.

Results
The treatment group showed significantly greater improvement than the control group on multiple quality features of the notes and oral reports. Quantity, holistic oral quality, and delayed written reports were not significantly better. The SLPs reported high levels of student engagement and learning of skills and content within treatment. They attributed the perceived benefits to the elements of simplicity, visuals, oral practice, repeated opportunities, and visible progress.

Conclusion
This study indicates potential for Sketch and Speak to improve student performance in expository reporting and gives direction for strengthening and further investigating this novel SLP treatment.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.7268651
Comparison of Clinical and Neuroimaging Characteristics of Congenital and Possible Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infected Infants: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Bulut Cahide , Çaksen Hüseyin , Örs Rahmi , Tarakcı Nuriye 
Published: November 2018

Background To evaluate clinical and neurodevelopmental outcomes and neuroimaging results of patients diagnosed with congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) infection and those diagnosed with possible congenital CMV (possible cCMV) infection.
Methods From January 2014 to January 2016, 24 patients were diagnosed with congenital CMV infection. Clinical and neuroimaging results of these patients were examined from their medical records.
Results Of the 24 patients, 6 were diagnosed with cCMV, whereas 18 patients were diagnosed with possible cCMV. Petechia was the most common symptom observed in patients with cCMV infection, whereas microcephaly was more common in patients with possible cCMV. Of the 24 patients, 5 (20.8%) showed normal neuroimaging characteristics. The most commonly encountered abnormal findings in brain magnetic resonance imaging were hypoplasia of corpus callosum (16.7%) and hydrocephalous (16.7%). All of the patients had poor neurodevelopmental outcomes.
Conclusions Early diagnosis of asymptomatic cCMV infection is difficult. This study suggests that possible cCMV infections are more prevalent compared with cCMV infections, and delays in diagnosis occur due to not keeping suspicion of CMV infection in early phase. Clinicians should consider long-term neurodevelopmental sequelae of cCMV and possible cCMV infections and remember to screen congenital CMV infection in suspected individuals.
Correlation of Meniscal Tear with Timing of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in Patients without Initially Concurrent Meniscal Tear
Authors: Chen Kun-Hui , Chiang En-Rung , Wang Hsin-Yi , Ma Hsiao-Li 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe incidence of meniscal tear was reported to increase with the delay of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). The tear may occur concurrently with the ACL injury or after the ACL injury. Few studies had focused on the patients whose meniscus is intact during ACL injury. We determined the correlation between timing of surgery and incidence of meniscal tears in ACL-deficient knees with initially intact meniscus. We retrospectively reviewed 387 patients who had undergone primary ACLR. Time of initial ACL injury, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination, and surgery was recorded. The MRI was reviewed by experienced radiologic and orthopaedic doctors. Intraoperative arthroscopic images were also obtained and reviewed. The type of tear noted during surgery was classified according to the modification of International Society of Arthroscopy, Knee Surgery and Orthopaedic Sports Medicine classification of meniscal tears. Patients were divided into early (surgery within 12 months from injury) and late surgery group (surgery at more than 12 months from injury). There were 216 patients with intact medial meniscus and 257 patients with intact lateral meniscus on the postinjury MRI study. The incidence of medial meniscus tear (MMT) was significantly higher than lateral meniscus tear (LMT) during the ACLR (33.8 vs. 19.8%, p < 0.001). The incidence of MMT is higher in late group than in early group (53.7 vs. 29.1%, p = 0.004, odds ratio= 2.815). The incidence of LMT is mildly higher in late group but without statistics significance (23.8 vs. 18.6%, p = 0.364). In both MMT and LMT, the most common injury pattern observed was a longitudinal tear. The incidence of each type is not different between early and late group. For patients without concurrent meniscal injuries with the ACL tear, the incidence of MMT significantly increased if ACLR was performed more than 12 months after injury. The medial meniscus was more prone to injury than the lateral meniscus in chronic ACL-deficient knee. ACLR should be performed earlier to reduce the risk of meniscal tears for patients without initially concurrent meniscal tear.
Management of Unstable Distal Radius Fractures: A Survey of Hand Surgeons
Authors: Salibian Ara A. , Bruckman Karl C. , Bekisz Jonathan M. , Mirrer Joshua , Thanik Vishal D. , Hacquebord Jacques H. 
Published: November 2018

Background Length of immobilization after operative fixation of unstable distal radius fractures and management in elderly patients is an area of debate.
Purpose The purpose of this study is to delineate common practices of fellowship-trained hand surgeons and how they compare with current evidence-based protocols.
Methods Surveys were distributed to American Society for Surgery of the Hand members on preferred methods of fixation, postoperative immobilization, and variations in treatment of elderly patients with unstable distal radius fractures. Responses were analyzed in comparison to a literature review. Subgroups were compared with regard to training, practice type, and years in practice.
Results Four-hundred eighty-five surveys were analyzed. Volar fixed-angle plating was the most common choice of fixation (84.7%). Patients are most often immobilized for 1 to 2 weeks (40.0%) with range of motion (ROM) therapy begun most commonly between 1 and 4 weeks (47.2%). The majority of surgeons do not treat fractures differently in patients more than 65 years old. Physicians with more than 20 years of experience were significantly more likely to begin wrist ROM sooner with volar plating versus other fixation techniques compared with physicians with less than 20 years of experience (40.7% vs. 34.2%, respectively). Also, physicians in academic-only practices were more likely to immobilize patients for a shorter time after volar plating compared with those in privademics.
Conclusion Volar fixed-angle plating is the dominant fixation method for unstable distal radius fractures among fellowship-trained hand surgeons. Elderly patients are not treated more conservatively and rigid immobilization after operative fixation remains the treatment of choice despite current evidence-based protocols.
Posteromedial versus Anteromedial Hamstring Tendon Harvest for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Retrospective Comparison of Accidental Gracilis Harvests, Outcomes, and Operative Times
Authors: Shu Henry T. , Bodendorfer Blake M. , Michaelson Evan M. , Argintar Evan H. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractHamstring autografts are frequently harvested for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR), traditionally through the anteromedial (AM) approach. Recently, a posteromedial (PM) approach has been described. The primary purpose of this study was to compare rates of unintentional gracilis (Gr) harvest or premature tendon amputation with these approaches. We also sought to compare operative times and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) between both groups and between those with only semitendinosus (ST) grafts or with combined ST and Gr grafts. Patients who underwent ACLR with hamstring autograft by a single surgeon from 2014 to 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. An accidental harvest was identified as an unintentional Gr harvest or premature graft amputation. PROMs included the Knee Osteoarthritis and Outcomes Score, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index, and International Knee Documentation Committee score. Two out of 22 (9.1%) patients in the AM group had unintentional Gr tendon harvests, while none (out of 29) were identified in the PM group (p = 0.101). Group mean PROMs were not significantly different between patients in either group or patients with either ST-only grafts and those with combined ST + Gr. Average operative times and tourniquet times were significantly shorter with the PM approach versus the AM approach (101 ± 18.2 vs 129 ± 25.6 minutes, p = 0.002; 68 ± 14.8 vs 90 ± 28.9 minutes, p = 0.005). The PM approach was associated with a trend toward decreased risk of unintentional harvest of the Gr tendon and significantly decreased operative and tourniquet times without affecting knee outcomes compared with the traditional AM approach. Accidental Gr harvest was not associated with worse outcomes.
A Turkish Female Twin Sister Patient with Fibular Aplasia, Congenital Tibia Pseudoarthrosis, Oligosyndactyly, and Negative WNT7A Gene Mutation
Authors: Önder Yılmaz Hale , Topak Duran , Yılmaz Orkun , Çakmaklı Seda 
Published: November 2018

AbstractWe report a rare limb defect named as fibular aplasia, tibial campomelia, and oligosyndactyly (FATCO) syndrome in a female monozygotic twin with a normal twin sister, presented with anterior tibia pseudarthrosis, oligosyndactyly, and pes equinovarus. Radiographic examination displayed the absence of left fibulae, anterolateral pseudarthrosis of left tibia, and the absence of some metatarsus and phalangeal bones. Our case report is the first to report that only one of the identical twins was affected by FATCO syndrome, which is a significant finding because the pathogenicity of FATCO syndrome is yet to be identified, and this clinical case may provide a new insight for discovering the etiology of FATCO syndrome.
Modified Upper Blepharoplasty Using Combination of Incision and Nonincision Surgical Approaches
Authors: Jung Gyu Sik 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Upper blepharoplasty can be divided into incision and nonincision technique. Each has its advantages and disadvantages. The author innovated a method of modified upper blepharoplasty by taking advantage of both procedures’ strengths. This method involves redundant skin excision followed by double fold formation using the buried suture method. Orbicularis oculi muscle (OOM) excision or orbital fat excision may be performed if necessary, and ptosis can be corrected using Muller tucking. Lateral double fold reinforcement may be performed in older patients, where the OOM is sutured and fixed on to the levator aponeurosis in the lateral canthal area to prevent the lateral double fold from fading. This procedure was performed in 30 patients from March 2017 to February 2018, with satisfactory outcomes in most patients. Modified upper blepharoplasty is simple to perform, has fast recovery time as swelling rapidly disappears, and creates a dynamic fold.
Overcorrected Midface Advancement to Improve Airway Problems in Severe Pfeiffer Syndrome Types II and III
Authors: Kobayashi Shinji , Fukawa Toshihiko , Yasumura Kazunori , Yabuki Yuichiro , Satake Toshihiko , Maegawa Jiro 
Published: November 2018

Introduction:
Treatment of patients with severe Pfeiffer syndrome types II and III is difficult. The purpose of this article is to present our method of overcorrecting midface advancement to improve airway problems in such patients.

Materials and Methods:
One boy and two girls with types II and III Pfeiffer syndrome and who underwent Le Fort III midface advancement using our previously described corrected cephalometric analysis and distraction system were included in the study.

Results:
The authors overcorrected by advancing the midface to make it look as similar as possible to an adult face. While the overcorrected midface advancement widened the upper airway spaces in the 3 patients, the tracheostomy that had already been placed during infancy could not be closed, probably because of an underlying tracheal abnormality or tracheomalacia.

Discussion:
Overcorrected midface advancement cannot enable tracheostomy closure, probably because of severe tracheal anomalies, such as tracheomalacia, below the tracheostomy. However, with the possibility of gradual improvement of the tracheomalacia with age, closure of the tracheostomy can eventually be expected. Therefore, efforts to close a tracheostomy should be pursued even if the probability of its removal is low.

Conclusion:
Overcorrected midface advancement did not enable tracheostomy closure, probably because of severe tracheal anomalies such as tracheomalacia. However, the severe exophthalmos and angle III malocclusion were improved, and with the possibility of gradual improvement of the tracheomalacia with age, closure of the tracheostomy can eventually be expected. Therefore, efforts to close a tracheostomy should be pursued even if the probability of its removal is low.
Donor Urinary C5a Levels Independently Correlate With Posttransplant Delayed Graft Function
Authors: Schröppel Bernd , Heeger Peter S. , Thiessen-Philbrook Heather , Hall Isaac E. , Doshi Mona D. , Weng Francis L. , Reese Peter P. , Parikh Chirag R. 
Published: November 2018

Background
Accumulating evidence implicates the complement cascade as pathogenically contributing to ischemia-reperfusion injury and delayed graft function (DGF) in human kidney transplant recipients. Building on observations that kidney injury can initiate in the donor before nephrectomy, we tested the hypothesis that anaphylatoxins C3a and C5a in donor urine before transplantation associate with risk of posttransplant injury.

Methods
We evaluated the effects of C3a and C5a in donor urine on outcomes of 469 deceased donors and their corresponding 902 kidney recipients in a subset of a prospective cohort study.

Results
We found a threefold increase of urinary C5a concentrations in donors with stage 2 and 3 acute kidney injury (AKI) compared donors without AKI (P < 0.001). Donor C5a was higher for the recipients with DGF (defined as dialysis in the first week posttransplant) compared with non-DGF (P = 0.002). In adjusted analyses, C5a remained independently associated with recipient DGF for donors without AKI (relative risk, 1.31; 95% confidence interval, 1.13-1.54). For donors with AKI, however, urinary C5a was not associated with DGF. We observed a trend toward better 12-month allograft function for kidneys from donors with C5a concentrations in the lowest tertile (P = 0.09). Urinary C3a was not associated with donor AKI, recipient DGF, or 12-month allograft function.

Conclusions
Urinary C5a correlates with the degree of donor AKI. In the absence of clinical donor AKI, donor urinary C5a concentrations associate with recipient DGF, providing a foundation for testing interventions aimed at preventing DGF within this high-risk patient subgroup.