bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Explaining State Allocation Shares Under the Water Quality Act of 1987: Politics, Incrementalism, or Need?
Authors: Morris John C , Aistrup Joseph , Nemerever Zoe , Zhang Xiodan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
What is the basis of the allocation of federal funding for wastewater treatment infrastructure? The Water Quality Act of 1987 changed the ways in which the national government helped to offset the costs of compliance with the Clean Water Act by changing the scheme to allocate grant funds to states. However, the available literature provides no clues as to how the allocations for each state were determined. Our model to predict state shares under the 1987 legislation includes policy need and population; we also include variables to represent each state’s influence in the House and Senate committees. We find that the most likely explanation for the 1987 allocation is incrementalism, although small-state representation on the Senate committee is positively correlated with higher allocation amounts. This research contributes to our understanding of federal legislative funding allocation formulae, particularly for environmental infrastructure programs.
A World of (In)difference? Social Inequalities Among Infants’ Causes of Death in Mid-nineteenth-Century Amsterdam
Authors: Muurling Sanne , Ekamper Peter 
Published: November 2024

Summary
The relationship between mortality and socioeconomic status is among the most debated topics within historical demography. This article scrutinises social disparities in infant mortality and its underlying mechanisms in mid-nineteenth-century Amsterdam. We apply two methods of survival analysis (Cox proportional hazard models and Fine-Grey competing risk models) on newly digitised individual-level cause-of-death data for infants born in 1856 combined with civil certificates and population register data. Through a comparison of all-cause and cause-specific mortality, we bring to light important social differences in infants’ mortality risks; hazard ratios for congenital and birth disorders during early post-neonatal infancy were over 50 per cent lower for Amsterdam’s middle class than for unskilled workers. We argue that the social differentiation in infant mortality reflects stark intra-urban disparities in maternal health across social groups as well as a degree of medical ineffectiveness or even indifference structured along the same socioeconomic lines.
The association between hypoxic burden and the risk of cognitive impairment in patients with obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Huang Xiaoyu , Zhang Zhengjiao , Lan Xiaoxin , Song Xuefeng , Dong Yanzhao , Jia Siqi , Yuan Haibo 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Study Objectives
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with an increasing risk of cognitive impairment, but traditional hypoxic indicators can not accurately identify cognitive impairment. This study aimed to assess a new indicator, hypoxic burden, in cognitive impairment in OSA.

Methods
A total of 116 patients with OSA were enrolled in this study. Daytime sleepiness and cognition were assessed using the Epworth Sleepiness Scales and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), respectively. All participants underwent polysomnography (PSG). The hypoxic burden was derived from PSG and calculated according to a specific algorithm. All the participants were divided into two groups. Seventy-seven were OSA with mild cognitive impairment (OSA + MCI), and 39 were OSA without mild cognitive impairment (OSA-MCI). The relationship between hypoxic burden and cognitive impairment was analyzed by establishing a series of logistic regression models.

Results
Hypoxic burden was higher in OSA + MCI group compared with OSA-MCI group, while there was no significance found for the apnea-hypopnea index between the two groups. After adjusting for various confounders, patients with OSA who had a higher total hypoxic burden and rapid eye movement-hypoxic burden in the fourth quartile were found to have an increased risk of MCI compared to those in the first quartile. The adjusted ORs were 7.69 (95% CI, 1.15 to 51.55) and 8.87 (95% CI, 1.22 to 64.34), respectively. However, There was no significant association between the other traditional hypoxic parameters and cognitive function after adjusting for various confounders.

Conclusions
Compared to the conventional hypoxic parameter, a higher hypoxic burden is associated with cognition and may be an important indicator for assessing MCI in OSA.
Talking to sleepwalkers? Response to communication efforts in disorders of arousals
Authors: Idir Yannis , Lopez Régis , Barbier Amélie , Saint-Auret Sony , Morain Emmanuel , Vollhardt Raphaël , Ben Haj Kacem Inès , Le Coz Arthur , Gales Ana , Dodet Pauline , Leu-Semenescu Smaranda , Dauvilliers Yves , Arnulf Isabelle , Oudiette Delphine 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Study Objectives
Disorders of arousal (DoA) are diagnosed on the basis of clinical criteria, including inappropriate or absent responsiveness to communication attempts. Surprisingly, the ability of patients to interact with others during DoA episodes has not been systematically investigated. To address this gap, we conducted three studies.

Methods
First, we used a retrospective questionnaire to assess verbal responsiveness during episodes in 61 adult patients with DoA (Study 1). Second, we used auditory stimulation during polysomnographically verified N3 sleep to trigger DoA episodes in 14 patients. We then asked questions to test the possibility of verbal interactions during the episodes (Study 2). Third, we assessed the presence and quality of conversations with a bed partner in 364 home video-recorded episodes from 19 patients (Study 3).

Results
In Study 1, most patients (81%) reported occasional conversations during parasomnia episodes. Patients’ ongoing mental content influenced both their responses to questions during episodes and their perception of the outside world (including their surroundings and the identity of their interlocutor ). In Study 2, auditory stimulation had a limited effect in inducing episodes (7/157 trials). One patient indirectly responded to our verbal prompts in a DoA episode. In Study 3, we found 37 video instances of discussion between patients and their partner.

Conclusions
Overall, our findings suggest that DoA episodes are not a uniform state but may instead encompass varying states of consciousness, characterized by different levels of responsiveness and a complex interplay between internal and external information processing. These results highlight the limitations of current diagnostic criteria for DoA.
Conundrum of Rape, Consensual Intercourse and Perjury in India
Authors: Chadha Vaibhav , Saxena Shreya , Pundhir Manya 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This article critically analyses the offence of rape through the lens of deception under the ambit of false pretext of marriage by relying upon the Indian jurisprudence surrounding the same. The article will attempt to examine the central concern caused by the registration of false First Information Report (FIR) over the struggles of actual cases by projecting a balanced outlook while demarcating between rape and consensual intercourse through the backing of judicial interpretations. It will also discuss the positioning and effectiveness of perjury laws in India. Further, it will try to examine whether the consent of the prosecutrix in particular cases was obtained—based on a false pretext of marriage or a misconception of fact. It will also consider the medical factors that were relied upon by the Judges while distinguishing between the act of rape and consensual intercourse, and how does the delayed reporting of the crime by the victim results in misguiding of facts, and its impact.
Why Is the Turnover Intention in Large Institutions Higher? Perceived Organizational Support, Organizational Cultural Identity, and Turnover Intention of Chinese Social Workers
Authors: Huang Dan , Luo Yingting , Sun Zhongwei 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The increasing turnover rate of social workers in China has garnered widespread concern despite limited evidence-based investigation at the organizational level. This study extracted data from a sample of 4,399 social workers and the extended job demands/control/support model to explore the effects of organization-level factors on social workers’ turnover intention. The findings indicate that larger organizational size, diminished perceived organizational support, and a weaker sense of organizational cultural identity are predictors of heightened turnover intentions among social workers. An intriguing finding was that, in contrast to workers in smaller organizations, those in larger entities did not exhibit a significant difference in terms of job demands and job control. However, they reported markedly lower levels of perceived organizational support and organizational cultural identity compared with their counterparts in smaller settings. These insights underscore the imperative for organizational managers to proactively furnish comprehensive support systems for social workers and cultivate a robust sense of organizational cultural identity, thereby mitigating the risk of turnover intentions and fostering a more stable workforce.
Unraveling the genomic landscape of piscine myocarditis virus: mutation frequencies, viral diversity and evolutionary dynamics in Atlantic salmon
Authors: Amono Racheal , Markussen Turhan , Singh Vikash K , Lund Morten , Manji Farah , Mor Sunil K , Evensen Øystein , Mikalsen Aase B 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Over a decade since its discovery, piscine myocarditis virus (PMCV) remains a significant pathogen in Atlantic salmon aquaculture. Despite this significant impact, the genomic landscape, evolutionary dynamics, and virulence factors of PMCV are poorly understood. This study enhances the existing PMCV sequence dataset by adding 34 genome sequences and 202 new ORF3 sequences from clinical cardiomyopathy syndrome (CMS) cases in Norwegian aquaculture. Phylogenetic analyses, also including sequences from the Faroe Islands and Ireland revealed that PMCV sequences are highly conserved with distinct clustering by country of origin. Still, single CMS outbreaks display multiple PMCV variants, and although some clustering was seen by case origin, occasional grouping of sequences from different cases was also apparent. Temporal data from selected cases indicated increased sequence diversity in the population. We hypothesize that multiple bottlenecks and changing infection dynamics in the host population, with transfer to naïve individuals over time, represent a continuous selection pressure on the virus populations. No clear relation was found between PMCV variants and the severity of heart pathology. However, specific non-synonymous and synonymous mutations that might impact protein function and gene expression efficiency were identified. An additional factor that may impact PMCV replication is the presence of defective viral genomes, a novel finding for viruses of the order Ghabrivirales. This study provides new insights into PMCV genomic characteristics and evolutionary dynamics, highlighting the complex interplay of genetic diversity, virulence markers, and host-pathogen interactions, underscoring the epidemiological complexity of the virus.
Keywords: piscine myocarditis virus; evolutionary dynamics; diversity; phylogeny; genomic sequencing; defective viral genomes
A single‐center clinical trial evaluating topical propranolol for preventing stress‐induced hair loss
Authors: Zhu Meidi , Zheng Binkai , Zhang Yunsong , Sun Ruishuang , Xu Xuejuan , Tian Ruiyun , Li Xinxin , Wang Gaofeng , Wang Xusheng , Liu Zhongjie 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThere is currently a lack of pathological research on the hair loss caused by stress, and there is no effective treatment available. It has been previously reported that stress can cause sympathetic nerve activation and release of norepinephrine, which binds to beta‐2 adrenergic receptors and causes a series of chemical reactions. Propranolol, as a beta‐2 adrenergic receptors blocker, competitively antagonizes the effects of norepinephrine. We initiated a single‐center clinical trial with a self‐controlled approach to assess the effectiveness of topical applied hydrochloride salt of propranolol solution in preventing stress‐induced hair loss in humans. A total of 20 volunteers were enrolled. 14 out of 20 volunteers experienced a significant reduction in the number of hair loss (p < .05) after using hydrochloride salt of propranolol solution. No local adverse reactions were found. This study showed hydrochloride salt of propranolol solution may alleviate stress‐induced alopecia to a certain extent, which provides clues for the development of pharmaceutical interventions for the treatment of stress‐induced alopecia.
Phosphatidylethanolamine exerts anti‐inflammatory action by regulating mitochondrial function in macrophages of large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea)
Authors: Hao Tingting , Zhang Xinwen , Liu Qiangde , Zhan Rui , Tang Yuhang , Bu Xianyong , Li Weijia , Du Jianlong , Li Yueru , Mai Kangsen , Ai Qinghui 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPhosphatidylethanolamine (PE) is a ubiquitous bioactive lipid in cells, which participates in regulating many metabolic processes. Exogenous PE has been reported to play a positive regulatory role in macrophage inflammatory responses. However, the molecular mechanisms of PE in regulating macrophage inflammation are not completely understood. In the present study, transcriptomic analysis of PE‐stimulated macrophages of large yellow croaker revealed that differentially expressed genes were mainly active in cellular components of the mitochondrial respiratory chain, which corresponded to the significant enrichment of the oxidative phosphorylation pathway. Consistent with this result, PE significantly increased ATP content and protein expression of NDUFB3 (mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I subunit) in macrophages. Meanwhile, transcriptomic data showed that PE treatment downregulated the transcript levels of nlrp3 and upregulated the transcript levels of suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (socs3), suggesting that PE may alleviate macrophage inflammation by interfering with the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome. Further analysis showed that PE significantly attenuated dietary PA‐mediated macrophage inflammation via NLRP3‐Caspase‐1 in vitro and in vivo. Given that PE abundance is strongly correlated with mitochondrial function, the present study hypothesized that PE‐mediated inflammatory modulation may be attributed to the positive effects on mitochondrial function. As expected, PE significantly ameliorated PA‐induced mitochondrial dysfunction and reduced intracellular reactive oxygen species production and malondialdehyde content in macrophages, indicating that the improvement of mitochondrial function is an important mechanism involved in the positive effect of PE on PA‐induced inflammation. In conclusion, this study elucidates the critical role of mitochondrial function in PE‐mediated regulation of inflammation in macrophages, which expands the understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of phospholipid metabolism on dietary fatty acid‐induced inflammation. This study may provide new intervention targets and nutritional regulation strategies for improving chronic inflammatory diseases.
Opsomyoclonus
Authors: Ferralez Haley , Cariati Vincent , Ferschke Nicole 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
West Nile virus is a mosquito-borne illness that usually presents as asymptomatic or with a viral syndrome, and normally is treated with supportive care or immunotherapy. However, some patients can develop neurologic symptoms of viral meningoencephalitis. This article describes a patient who developed opsomyoclonus, a rare complication of West Nile virus meningoencephalitis. She was treated with immunotherapy with no resolution of her symptoms. Symptom improvement occurred with subsequent treatment with clonazepam and dexamethasone.
Hospital readmissions reduction program penalizes safety net hospital clinicians
Authors: Kirsch Sarah , Elsir Yousra , Shelford Katie , Vail Janessa , Wildermuth Anne 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Objective:
The Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program (HRRP), started under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act and administered by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, was created with the intention to improve healthcare quality and costs. However, research on disparities in healthcare demonstrates the HRRP's protocolized risk-adjustment calculations neglect social factors, which consequently harms disadvantaged patient populations and unfairly contributes to clinician and hospital penalties.

Methods:
A PRISMA literature review was conducted using PubMed and Cochrane Library to explore the inclusion of social factors such as socioeconomic status on risk-adjustment calculations, and their relation to healthcare disparities, penalties, and outcomes. Fifteen articles published in the past 10 years were reviewed.

Results:
Eleven (73%) of the 15 articles in this systematic review indicated that the HRRP potentiated healthcare disparities based on risk-adjustment calculation.

Conclusions:
This review strongly suggests modifying the HRRP risk-adjustment calculations to include social risk factors has the potential to equalize reimbursement for hospitals that serve the most vulnerable patients and reduce negative unintended consequences of the HRRP. Future studies are needed to produce more conclusive, consistent evidence on the effect of social risk factors in risk-adjustment calculations and associated outcomes and to determine how HRRP's risk-adjustment calculations can be modified to reduce disparities in healthcare.
Changes in Sleep Quality After Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review
Authors: Akbal Sevim , Yildirim Meltem 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a surgical procedure to improve the quality of life of patients with osteoarthritis. However, postoperative recovery can be difficult due to sleep disturbance, such as poor sleep quality, and postsurgical pain.

Purpose:
The aim of this systematic review was to examine recent evidence regarding changes in sleep quality after TKA and to explore factors affecting the postoperative recovery process.

Methods:
This systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. We screened the PubMed, Google Scholar, ScopeMed, and Science Direct databases in December 2022 using the keywords sleep, total knee replacement surgery, knee arthroplasty, and sleep disruptions for relevant articles published between 2011 and 2022. Seven studies met all inclusion criteria and were included in the final sample for analysis.

Results:
Findings revealed that sleep disturbance was common during the early stages of the TKA recovery period and may be related to pain. After three months, sleep quality improved and pain intensity decreased. Three studies found a correlation between sleep and pain; however, another three studies did not.

Conclusion:
Health professionals, including surgical nurses, should be aware of the potential impact of TKA on sleep quality and understand, assess, and manage sleep disturbance and pain to provide comprehensive care for their patients and enhance recovery.
Palliative Nursing in Home Health Care Across the Lifespan
Authors: Murali Komal Patel , Ma Chenjuan , Harrison Krista L. , Hunt Lauren J. , Rosa William E. , Boyden Jackelyn Y. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT:
Primary palliative nursing in home health care (HHC) can be delivered to medically complex patients across the lifespan. Primary palliative nursing provides patient- and family-centered care for serious illness by alleviating the stress and symptoms of illness; coordinating care; and supporting the social, cultural, and psychological aspects of care. In this article, two case scenarios of patients in different phases of life serve as examples of primary palliative nursing in HHC. Key elements and challenges of delivering primary palliative nursing care in HHC are also highlighted.
Association Between Exposure to Antibiotics During Pregnancy or Early Infancy and Risk of Autism Spectrum Disorder, Intellectual Disorder, Language Disorder, and Epilepsy in Children: Population Based Cohort Study
Authors: Choi Ahhyung , Lee Hyesung , Jeon Han Eol , Lee Seo-Young , Kwon Jun Soo , Han Jung Yeol , Choe Young June , Shin Ju-Young 
Published: November 2024

(Abstracted from BMJ 2024;385:e076885)
The prevalence of neurodevelopmental disorders is increasing, creating long-term challenges for affected children, their families, and society. Some studies suggest a link among antibiotic use, gut microbiota disturbances, and neurodevelopmental disorders, but these findings are often limited by confounding factors such as the underlying reason for antibiotic use and genetic predisposition.
Pudendal Block at the Time of Transvaginal Prolapse Repair: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Torosis Michele , Fullerton Morgan , Kaefer Daniela , Nitti Victor , Ackerman A. Lenore , Grisales Tamara 
Published: November 2024

(Abstracted from Urogynecology 2024;30:706–713)
Protocols that focus on multimodal pain management, early ambulation, and decreased need for long inpatient stays after major surgery are called Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocols and are typically composed of multidisciplinary interventions that are evidence-based. In urogynecologic populations, ERAS implementation has resulted in a marked increase in same-day discharges, as well as decreased intraoperative and postoperative opioid use.
“Awake” Cannulation of Patients for Venovenous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygen: An Analysis of the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization Registry
Authors: Mohamed Amira , Saeed Omar , Fazzari Melissa , Gong Michelle , Uehara Mayuko , Forest Stephen , Carlese Anthony , Rahmanian Marjan , Alsunaid Sammar , Mansour Ali , Levitus Matthew , Orsi Deborah , Furfaro David , Ilg Annette , Manasia Anthony , Moskowitz Ari 
Published: November 2024

IMPORTANCE:
“Awake” cannulation for venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), where patients remain spontaneously breathing without invasive mechanical ventilation during the cannulation procedure, may reduce lung injury from positive pressure ventilation and promote patient mobility.

OBJECTIVES:
To examine the association between “awake” cannulation for venovenous ECMO and patient outcomes.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS:
Analysis of the prospectively collected by the multicenter Extracorporeal Life Support Organization registry. Patients 18 years old or older who were cannulated for venovenous ECMO between 2016 and 2022 were included.

MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES:
Propensity score matching techniques were used to examine the association between the primary exposure of “awake” cannulation and the primary outcome of hospital mortality.

RESULTS:
This study analyzed data from 28,627 patients who received venovenous ECMO, including 797 (2.8%) who underwent awake cannulation. Patients undergoing awake cannulation were older (52.2 vs. 47.8 yr), had greater prevalence of chronic lung diseases (50.6% vs. 48.9%), and ischemic heart disease (4.3% vs. 2.7%) compared with those cannulated while receiving mechanical ventilation. Hospital survival to discharge was did not differ significantly between awake and nonawake cannulation groups after propensity score matching (2.4% increased rate of survival for patients cannulated awake; 95% CI, –1.7% to 6.4%; p = 0.26).

CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE:
In this large, multicenter study, awake cannulation for venovenous ECMO was uncommon but increasingly used over time. Survival to hospital discharge was similar to patients cannulated while on mechanical ventilation. Future research should focus on identification of patient cohorts most likely to benefit from “”awake” cannulation.