bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inflated sense of responsibility, explanatory style and the cognitive model of social anxiety disorder: a brief report of a case control study
Authors: Jones Matthew , Rakovshik Sarah 
Published: April 2019

AbstractWe sought to investigate situation-specific inflated sense of responsibility and explanatory style in social anxiety disorder (SAD) according to the cognitive model. Participants aged 17–68 years (mean = 31.9, SD = 11.1) included waiting list patients referred to a primary care mental health service for cognitive behavioural therapy for SAD (n = 18) and non-anxious control participants (n = 65). A battery of psychometric measures, including a bespoke measure of responsibility beliefs, was used. Compared with controls, participants with SAD were more likely to demonstrate an inflated sense of responsibility (p ≤ 0.001), and to adopt a negative explanatory style specific to social interaction (p ≤ 0.01). Inflated sense of responsibility was found to correlate with SAD symptomatology (r = 0.47, p ≤ 0.05), and with increased usage of safety behaviours (r = 0.47, p ≤ 0.05). Caseness (β = 1.45, p ≤ 0.01) and stability of causal attribution (β = 0.25, p ≤ 0.001) were found to predict inflated responsibility in our sample. To our knowledge this study represents the first attempt to investigate inflated responsibility within the context of SAD. Our results support the notion of inflated responsibility as a feature of SAD.Key learning aims(1)To understand the cognitive behavioural components of Clark and Wells’ model of SAD, and their bi-directional nature.(2)To understand what the term ‘inflated sense of responsibility’ refers to, and how it relates to CBT.(3)To understand what the term ‘explanatory style’ refers to, and how this concept can also relate to CBT.
Epidemiology of suicidal feelings in an ageing Swedish population: from old to very old age in the Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort Studies
Authors: Fässberg M. M. , Vanaelst B. , Jonson M. , Sterner T. R. , Ahlner F. , Wetterberg H. , Rydén L. , Kern S. , Sigström R. , Zettergren A. , Skoog I. , Waern M. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Aims
The first aim of this study was to provide prevalence suicidal feelings over time (past week, past month, past year and lifetime) in a population-based sample of old to very old adults without dementia. Does prevalence change with rising age? The second aim was to examine the fluctuation of suicidal feelings over time. How does this coincide with depression status?

Methods
Data were derived from the Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort Studies (the H70 studies) which are multidisciplinary longitudinal studies on ageing. A representative sample of adults in Gothenburg, Sweden with birth years 1901–1944 were invited to take part in a longitudinal health study on ageing and participated at one or more occasions during 1986–2014. The sample consisted of 6668 observations originating from 3972 participants without dementia between the ages of 70 and 108, including 1604 participants with multiple examination times. Suicidal feelings were examined during a psychiatric interview using the Paykel questions (life not worth living, death wishes, thoughts of taking own life, seriously considered taking life, attempted suicide).

Results
Prevalence figures for suicidal feelings of any severity were as follows: past week 4.8%, past month 6.7%, past year 11.2% and lifetime 25.2%. Prevalence rates increased with age in the total group and in women but not in men. Suicidal feelings were common in participants with concurrent major or minor depression, but over a third of the participants who reported suicidal feelings did not fulfil criteria for these diagnoses nor did they present elevated mean depressive symptom scores. The majority of participants consistently reported no experience of suicidal feelings over multiple examination times, but fluctuation was more common in women compared with men.

Conclusion
Suicidal feelings in late-life are uncommon in individuals without depression indicating that such behaviour is not a widespread, normative phenomenon. However, such feelings may occur outside the context of depression.
Interactive Effects of Acute Suicidal Affective Disturbance and Pain Persistence on Suicide Attempt Frequency and Lethality
Authors: Rogers Megan L. , Joiner Thomas E. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract. Background: Acute suicidal affective disturbance (ASAD) has been proposed as a suicide-specific entity that confers risk for imminent suicidal behavior. Preliminary evidence suggests that ASAD is associated with suicidal behavior beyond a number of factors; however, no study to date has examined potential moderating variables. Aims: The present study tested the hypotheses that physical pain persistence would moderate the relationship between ASAD and (1) lifetime suicide attempts and (2) attempt lethality. Method: Students ( N = 167) with a history of suicidality completed self-report measures assessing the lifetime worst-point ASAD episode and the presence of a lifetime suicide attempt, a clinical interview about attempt lethality, and a physical pain tolerance task. Results: Physical pain persistence was a significant moderator of the association between ASAD and lifetime suicide attempts ( B = 0.00001, SE = 0.000004, p = .032), such that the relationship between ASAD and suicide attempts strengthened at increasing levels of pain persistence. The interaction between ASAD and pain persistence in relation to attempt lethality was nonsignificant ( B = 0.000004, SE = 0.00001, p = .765). Limitations: This study included a cross-sectional/retrospective analysis of worst-point ASAD symptoms, current physical pain perception, and lifetime suicide attempts. Conclusion: ASAD may confer risk for suicidal behavior most strongly at higher levels of pain persistence, whereas ASAD and pain perception do not influence attempt lethality.
Seismogenic Zone Structures Revealed by Improved 3‐D Seismic Images in the Nankai Trough off Kumano
Authors: Shiraishi Kazuya , Moore Gregory F. , Yamada Yasuhiro , Kinoshita Masataka , Sanada Yoshinori , Kimura Gaku 
Published: April 2019

AbstractTo reveal the detailed deformation structures related to plate subduction in the Nankai Trough, we applied up‐to‐date technologies to improve our 3‐D seismic images. This region is dominated by a megasplay fault system that consists of a coseismic out‐of‐sequence thrust branching from the plate interface and separating the inner and outer accretionary prism. The 3‐D seismic volume was acquired off Kumano in 2006 as a preliminary site survey as part of the Nankai Trough Seismogenic Zone Experiment. The preprocessed data quality was improved by recovering the broadband responses and by better attenuating multiple reflections and noise. New reflection images were then produced using prestack time migration and prestack depth migration with updated velocity models. The new velocity model suggests the possible existence of a high‐velocity zone just above the megasplay fault, which might indicate petrophysical alteration in the seismogenic zone. The fault geometry with spatial dip angle variation and the overburden velocities are important factors for further estimating the force distribution along the coseismic fault. Deformation structures newly imaged beneath the Kumano Basin and dipping layers above the megasplay fault imply complex thrusting and possible fluid flow paths within the inner prism. Fine‐scale deformation features are clarified in the shallow areas from the outer prism to the transition zone, which are useful for reconstructing the accretionary prism development. A low‐reflectivity zone, including an isolated layered block, may be originally underthrusted sediments that have been remobilized during later strike‐slip faults along the edge of Kumano Basin.
Can We Constrain Uncertainty in Hydrologic Cycle Projections?
Authors: Prein Andreas F. , Pendergrass Angeline G. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractClimate change intensifies the Earth's hydrologic cycle, which has far‐reaching consequences including water availability, agricultural production, and electric power generation. The rate of intensification projected by state‐of‐the‐art global climate models (GCMs) with increasing greenhouse gas emissions, however, is highly uncertain. Thackeray et al. (2018, https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL079698) show that these uncertainties are related to how GCMs distribute future precipitation by either strongly increasing extreme precipitation at the cost of nonextreme events or by increasing nonextreme precipitation at the cost of extreme precipitation events. These results could help to constrain uncertainties in future hydrologic cycle intensification, thereby improving our understanding of future water resource availability and extreme hydrologic events.
Response of the Geospace System to the Solar Wind Dynamic Pressure Decrease on 11 June 2017: Numerical Models and Observations
Authors: Ozturk Dogacan S. , Zou Shasha , Slavin James A. , Ridley Aaron J. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractOn 11 June 2017, a sudden solar wind dynamic pressure decrease occurred at 1437 UT according to the OMNI solar wind data. The solar wind velocity did not change significantly, while the density dropped from 42 to 10 cm−3 in a minute. The interplanetary magnetic field BZ was weakly northward during the event, while the BY changed from positive to negative. Using the University of Michigan Block Adaptive Tree Solarwind Roe Upwind Scheme global magnetohydrodynamic code, the global responses to the decrease in the solar wind dynamic pressure were studied. The simulation revealed that the magnetospheric expansion consisted of two phases similar to the responses during magnetospheric compression, namely, a negative preliminary impulse and a negative main impulse phase. The simulated plasma flow and magnetic fields reasonably reproduced the Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms and Magnetospheric Multiscale spacecraft in situ observations. Two separate pairs of dawn‐dusk vortices formed during the expansion of the magnetosphere, leading to two separate pairs of field‐aligned current cells. The effects of the flow and auroral precipitation on the ionosphere‐thermosphere (I‐T) system were investigated using the Global Ionosphere Thermosphere Model driven by simulated ionospheric electrodynamics. The perturbations in the convection electric fields caused enhancements in the ion and electron temperatures. This study shows that, like the well‐studied sudden solar wind pressure increases, sudden pressure decreases can have large impacts in the coupled I‐T system. In addition, the responses of the I‐T system depend on the initial convection flows and field‐aligned current profiles before the solar wind pressure perturbations.
Jupiter's Turbulent Power Spectra From Hubble Space Telescope
Authors: Cosentino Richard G. , Simon Amy , Morales‐Juberías Raúl 
Published: April 2019

AbstractTurbulence in Jupiter's atmosphere was investigated with archival and ongoing observations from the Hubble Space Telescope. Data sets that include one full rotation (360° longitude coverage) were used to produce complete maps of the planet's upper cloud layer. The global maps were analyzed to generate the passive tracer power spectrum of cloud features for single rotation observations, while successive rotations produced pairs of maps such that zonal winds were calculated. An atmosphere's dimensionality and dynamics are reflected in the slopes of such turbulent power spectra. Many of the retrieved passive tracer power spectra have a shallow spectral index over wave numbers k∼1 − 30 and transition to the well‐known Kolmogorov k−5/3 relation at smaller scales between wave numbers k∼30 − 1,000. The transition scale is similar to the number of jets in Jupiter's zonal wind profile and is related to the Rhines scale and the beta effect induced anisotropy scale. We also report on differences found in anticyclonic and cyclonic shear region power spectra and how they correlate to latitudinal changes in the zonal wind profile. We found that properties of Jupiter's power spectra are consistent with quasi‐geostrophic turbulence for shallow fluids.
Tracking and Validating ICMEs Propagating Toward Mars Using STEREO Heliospheric Imagers Combined With Forbush Decreases Detected by MSL/RAD
Authors: Freiherr von Forstner Johan L. , Guo Jingnan , Wimmer‐Schweingruber Robert F. , Temmer Manuela , Dumbović Mateja , Veronig Astrid , Möstl Christian , Hassler Donald M. , Zeitlin Cary J. , Ehresmann Bent 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe Radiation Assessment Detector (RAD) instrument onboard the Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) mission's Curiosity rover has been measuring galactic cosmic rays (GCR) as well as solar energetic particles (SEP) on the surface of Mars for more than 6 years since its landing in August 2012. The observations include a large number of Forbush decreases (FD) caused by interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) and/or their associated shocks shielding away part of the GCR particles with their turbulent and enhanced magnetic fields while passing Mars. This study combines MSL/RAD FD measurements and remote tracking of ICMEs using the Solar TErrestrial RElations Observatory (STEREO) Heliospheric Imager (HI) telescopes in a statistical study for the first time. The large data set collected by HI makes it possible to analyze 149 ICMEs propagating toward MSL both during its 8‐month cruise phase and after its landing on Mars. We link 45 of the events observed at STEREO‐HI to their corresponding FDs at MSL/RAD and study the accuracy of the ICME arrival time at Mars predicted from HI data using different methods. The mean differences between the predicted arrival times and those observed using FDs range from −11–5 hr for the different methods, with standard deviations between 17 and 20 hr. These values for predictions at Mars are very similar compared to other locations closer to the Sun and also comparable to the precision of some other modeling approaches.
USF1-induced upregulation of LINC01048 promotes cell proliferation and apoptosis in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma by binding to TAF15 to transcriptionally activate YAP1
Authors: Chen Lezi , Chen Quan , Kuang Shifeng , Zhao Chengli , Yang Lu , Zhang Yi , Zhu Huilan , Yang Ridong 
Published: April 2019

AbstractPrevious studies have revealed that dysregulation of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) can facilitate carcinogenesis. This study aims to investigate the biological role of a certain lncRNA in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC). According to the data of TCGA database, high expression of long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 1048 (LINC01048) is an unfavorable prognostic factor for patients with CSCC. Therefore, we further detected the expression pattern of LINC01048 in CSCC tissues. Obviously, LINC01048 was expressed higher in the CSCC tissues and recurrence tissues compared with that in adjacent normal tissues and non-recurrence tissues. Furthermore, Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed the negative correlation between LINC01048 expression and the overall survival and disease-free survival of CSCC patients. Subsequently, functional assays were conducted to prove the inhibitory effect of silenced LINC01048 on the proliferation and apoptosis of CSCC cells. Mechanistically, LINC01048 was proved to be transcriptionally activated by USF1. Pathway analysis and western blot assay showed that knockdown of LINC01048 led to the activation of Hippo pathway. Moreover, YAP1, a Hippo pathway factor, was positively regulated by LINC01048. Further mechanism investigation revealed that LINC01048 increased the binding of TAF15 to YAP1 promoter to transcriptionally activate YAP1 in CSCC cells. Finally, rescue assays demonstrated that YAP1 involved in LINC01048-mediated CSCC cell proliferation and apoptosis. In conclusion, USF1-induced upregulation of LINC01048 promoted CSCC by interacting with TAF15 to upregulate YAP1.
Anoikis resistant mediated by FASN promoted growth and metastasis of osteosarcoma
Authors: Sun Tianhao , Zhong Xing , Song Honghai , Liu Jiaming , Li Jingao , Leung Frankie , Lu William W. , Liu Zhi-Li 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe pulmonary metastasis of osteosarcoma (OS) occurs commonly, which resulted from anoikis resistant (AR) of tumor cells as reported by previous studies, but the exact roles of AR in osteosarcoma were not fully studied. Our previous investigations showed fatty acid synthase (FASN) was relating to clinical features of patients with OS. In this study, we aim to explore the functions of FASN in the AR OS cells in vitro and in vivo and study the downstream effectors of FASN. In the present study, we used our established cell model to study the AR. We revealed that AR promoted cell proliferation and migration as determined by colony formation assay and transwell assay. In addition, AR assisted tumor growth in vivo. In the AR cells, the expression of FASN was higher. Thus, we constructed lentiviruses to silence or overexpress FASN in four cell lines to study functions of FASN. Silence of FASN reduced cell colonies and migration while overexpression of FASN increased colonies and migration in suspended cells. Loss of functions of FASN induced cell apoptosis in suspended OS cells while gain of function of FASN suppressed apoptosis as determined by flow cytometry. We found the levels of p-ERK1/2 and Bcl-xL declined when FASN was silenced while they increased when FASN was overexpressed. In addition, results showed that the levels of FASN and its potential related molecules (p-ERK1/2 and Bcl-xL) increased in 143B-AR and MG-63-AR cells. In vivo study showed that inhibition of FASN decreased pulmonary metastasis of OS. In conclusion, we showed that anoikis resistant and FASN as two interactional factors facilitated the progress of osteosarcoma.
Histone variant macroH2A: from chromatin deposition to molecular function
Authors: Sun Zhen , Bernstein Emily 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The eukaryotic genome is regulated in the context of chromatin. Specialized histones, known as histone variants, incorporate into chromatin to replace their canonical counterparts and represent an important layer of regulation to diversify the structural characteristics and functional outputs of chromatin. MacroH2A is an unusual histone variant with a bulky C-terminal non-histone domain that distinguishes it from all other histones. It is a critical player in stabilizing differentiated cell identity by posing as a barrier to somatic cell reprogramming toward pluripotency and acts as a tumor suppressor in a wide range of cancers. MacroH2A histones are generally regarded as repressive variants that are enriched at the inactive X chromosome (Xi) and broad domains across autosomal chromatin. Recent studies have shed light on to how macroH2A influences transcriptional outputs within distinct genomic contexts and revealed new intriguing molecular functions of macroH2A variants beyond transcriptional regulation. Furthermore, the mechanisms of its mysterious chromatin deposition are beginning to be unraveled, facilitating our understanding of its complex regulation of genome function.
Perception–Production Links in Children's Speech
Authors: Lowenstein Joanna H. , Nittrouer Susan 
Published: April 2019

Purpose
Child phonologists have long been interested in how tightly speech input constrains the speech production capacities of young children, and the question acquires clinical significance when children with hearing loss are considered. Children with sensorineural hearing loss often show differences in the spectral and temporal structures of their speech production, compared to children with normal hearing. The current study was designed to investigate the extent to which this problem can be explained by signal degradation.

Method
Ten 5-year-olds with normal hearing were recorded imitating 120 three-syllable nonwords presented in unprocessed form and as noise-vocoded signals. Target segments consisted of fricatives, stops, and vowels. Several measures were made: 2 duration measures (voice onset time and fricative length) and 4 spectral measures involving 2 segments (1st and 3rd moments of fricatives and 1st and 2nd formant frequencies for the point vowels).

Results
All spectral measures were affected by signal degradation, with vowel production showing the largest effects. Although a change in voice onset time was observed with vocoded signals for /d/, voicing category was not affected. Fricative duration remained constant.

Conclusions
Results support the hypothesis that quality of the input signal constrains the speech production capacities of young children. Consequently, it can be concluded that the production problems of children with hearing loss—including those with cochlear implants—can be explained to some extent by the degradation in the signal they hear. However, experience with both speech perception and production likely plays a role as well.
Compact self‐isolated MIMO antenna system based on quarter‐mode SIW cavity
Authors: Niu Bing‐Jian , Tan Jie‐Hong 
Published: April 2019

A compact self‐isolated multiple‐input–multiple‐output (MIMO) antenna system is proposed. It is based on a quarter‐mode substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) cavity where two edges are shorted by metallic vias and the other edges are open. A narrow slot with a rotated angle of 45° is utilised to divide the single cavity into two equal eighth‐mode sub‐cavities. These sub‐cavities are fed by two coaxial ports to construct the proposed MIMO antenna system. A self‐isolated mechanism that cavity energy inputted by one port is radiated into free space rather than transmitted to the other port is first observed. High isolation between two antenna elements can be obtained without additional isolating or decoupling networks although they are contacted with each other. A fabricated prototype operating at 3.5 GHz achieves the measured port isolation of higher than 18.5 dB, envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) of less than 0.04, the peak gain of 4.6 dBi, and maximum efficiency of 79.2%. With advantages of compact size, high isolation, low ECC, and good radiation performance, the proposed self‐isolated MIMO antenna system is a good candidate for wireless communication.
Visible light positioning based on architecture information: method and performance
Authors: Seguel Fabian , Krommenacker Nicolas , Charpentier Patrick , Soto Ismael 
Published: April 2019

In this paper a novel 2‐D range free positioning method which uses visible light communications network architecture is presented. The algorithm performance for lattice and hexagonal LED lighting infrastructure deployment is obtained by computational simulation. The robustness of our method against changes on receiver's field of view and mismatch between the assumed vertical distance and real vertical position is simulated in a room of dimensions 5 × 5 × 2.5 m. A localization interest zone with receiver's height between 0.5 and 1.1 m measured from the floor is considered as variation on vertical distance. Moreover, FOV's ranging from 90° to 130° are used to measure the behaviour of the method when different built‐in photo detectors are incorporated in the mobile device. Our algorithm overcomes three traditional localization methods, i.e., convex position estimation, centroid and received signal strength based trilateration when changes in the FOV occurs. In addition to this, it shows better accuracy than other range free algorithms when an assumed height difference mismatch of up to 30 cm exist. The method shows better coverage than range based methods being able to reduce border effects and perform localization with reliable accuracy using only one connected cell and a single photo detector.