bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Which factors influence proximal femoral asymmetry?
Authors: Laumonerie P. , Ollivier M. , LiArno S. , Faizan A. , Cavaignac E. , Argenson J-N. 
Published: June 2018

Aims In patients where the proximal femur shows gross deformity due to degenerative changes or fracture, the contralateral femur is often used to perform preoperative templating for hip arthroplasty. However, femurs may not be symmetrical: the aim of this study was to determine the degree of variation between hips in healthy individuals and to determine whether it is affected by demographic parameters. Materials and Methods CT-scan based modelling was used to examine the pelvis and bilateral femurs of 345 patients (211 males, 134 women; mean age 62 years (standard deviation (sd) 17), mean body mass index 27 kg/m2 (sd 5)) representing a range of ethnicities. The femoral neck-shaft angle (NSA), femoral offset (FO), femoral neck version (FNV), femoral length (FL), femoral canal flare index (fCFI), and femoral head radius (FHr) were then determined for each patient. All measurements were constructed using algorithm-calculated landmarks, resulting in reproducible and consistent constructs for each specimen. We then analyzed femoral symmetry based on absolute differences (AD) and percentage asymmetry (%AS) following a previously validated method. Results We found an asymmetry > 2% for NSA (mean AD 2.9°, mean %AS 2.3; p = 0.03), FO (AD 3.8 mm, %AS 9.1 ; p = 0.01), FNV (AD 5.1°, %AS 46.7 ; p = 0.001) and fCFI (AD 0.2 mm, %AS 5.4 ; p = 0.7). Significant relationships were found for AD regarding NSA and ethnicity (p = 0.037), FL and height (R2 = 0.22), and fCFI and gender (R2 = 0.34). Conclusion Our data confirm the presence of asymmetry of proximal femurs, which is mostly independent of demographic parameters. In cases where contralateral templating is used, such asymmetry may lead to inaccurate anatomical restoration of the hip if the templated sizes are routinely implanted. However, the clinical impact cannot be determined from our investigation. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2018;100-B:839–44.
Ten-year survivorship of primary total hip arthroplasty in patients 30 years of age or younger
Authors: Makarewich C. A. , Anderson M. B. , Gililland J. M. , Pelt C. E. , Peters C. L. 
Published: June 2018

AimsFor this retrospective cohort study, patients aged ≤ 30 years (very young) who underwent total hip arthroplasty (THA) were compared with patients aged ≥ 60 years (elderly) to evaluate the rate of revision arthroplasty, implant survival, the indications for revision, the complications, and the patient-reported outcomes.Patients and MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed all patients who underwent primary THA between January 2000 and May 2015 from our institutional database. A total of 145 very young and 1359 elderly patients were reviewed. The mean follow-up was 5.3 years (1 to 18). Logistic generalized estimating equations were used to compare characteristics and the revision rate. Survival was evaluated using Kaplan–Meier curves and hazard rates were created using Cox regression.ResultsThe overall revision rate was 11% (16/145) in the very young and 3.83% (52/1359) in the elderly groups (odds ratio (OR) 2.58, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.43 to 4.63). After adjusting for the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score, gender, and a history of previous surgery in a time-to-event model, the risk of revision remained greater in the very young (adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 2.48, 95% CI 1.34 to 4.58). Survival at ten years was 82% (95% CI, 71 to 89) in the very young and 96% (95% CI, 94 to 97) in the elderly group (p < 0.001). The very young had a higher rate of revision for complications related to metal-on-metal (MoM) bearing surfaces (p < 0.001). At last follow-up, the very young group had higher levels of physical function (p = 0.002), lower levels of mental health (p = 0.001), and similar levels of pain (p = 0.670) compared with their elderly counterparts.ConclusionThe overall revision rate was greater in very young THA patients. This was largely explained by the use of MoM bearings. Young patients with non-MoM bearings had high survivorship with similar complication profiles to patients aged ≥ 60 years. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2018;100-B:867–74.
Pertumbuhan dan Prosentase Molting pada Kepiting Bakau (Scylla serrata Forsskäl,1775) dengan Pemberian Stimulasi Molting Berbeda
Authors: Djunaedi Ali 
Published: June 2018

Produksi kepiting bakau (S. serratta Forsskäl, 1775) sangat dipengaruhi oleh pertumbuhan, tingkat kelulushidupan dan prosentase moulting. Studi tentang pengaruh metode perangsangan moulting kepiting bakau merupakan salah satu usaha untuk meningkatkan produksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh berbagai metode perangsangan moulting terhadap prosentase moulting, kelulushidupan dan pertumbuhan. Penelitian menggunakan metode eksperimental dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Penelitian menggunakan biota uji 120 ekor kepiting bakau (S. serrata Forsskäl, 1775) betina. Perlakuan metode perangsangan moulting yaitu, ablasi, autotomi dan penyuntikan hormon ovaprim dan kontrol, masing-masing diulang 3 kali. Pengamatan dilakukan pada, persentase moulting, kelulushidupan, pertumbuhan dan kualitas air. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaaan sangat nyata (p>0,01) pada berbagai perlakuan metode perangsangan moulting terhadap persentase moulting, kelulushidupan dan pertumbuhan. Perlakuan metode ablasi menunjukkan hasil paling tinggi, dengan persentase moulting 80 ± 10%, kelulushidupan 83,34 ± 5,78% dan laju pertumbuhan spesifik harian 5,36 ± 0,34%/hari. Sedangkan hasil terendah dicapai oleh perlakuan metode autotomi dengan persentase moulting 13,33 ± 5,78%, kelulushidupan 16,67 ± 5,7% dan laju pertumbuhan spesifik harian 1,81 ± 0,22%/hari. Metode ablasi mata baik untuk diterapkan dalam merangsang moulting di dalam pemeliharaan kepiting bakau guna menunjang peningkatan produksi. Kata Kunci : Kepiting bakau, Scylla serratta, Kelulushidupan, Moulting, Pertumbuhan
John Italos Seen by Anna Komnene
Authors: Jaworska-Wołoszyn Magdalena 
Published: June 2018

The historical work of Anna Komnene is one of the main sources which provides crucial information about John Italos. It is worth noting though that princess Komnene sketches in the Alexiad a portrait of this eminent Byzantine thinker that is anything but flattering. Despite the wide range of perspectives and diverse representations of the philosopher, it is actually quite difficult to find in her opus any comments or opinions of decisively positive nature. As a matter of fact, the final opinion regarding the famous “Consul Philosophorum” is formed solely on the basis of downright hostile statements. John Italos is not regarded as an outstanding figure, but rather as a controversial thinker that hardly deserves any recognition. While the present paper investigates the figure of Italos as shown in the Alexiad by Anna Komnene, its aim is to unravel those elements in the work that caused Komnene to express such an opinion about the philosopher.
The Practice of ὀνοματοποιεῖν: Some Peculiar Statements in the Ancient Neoplatonic Commentators on Aristotle
Authors: Granata Daniele 
Published: June 2018

This paper shows the role of ὀνοματοποιεῖν in Neoplatonism and how this practice is ruled by an onto-logical canon. While ὀνοματοποιεῖν itself means the making of a brand new name, its usage is manifold. As Aristotle explains in Rh. III 2, poets take advantage of ὀνοματοποιεῖν to catch the undefined and give it a recognisable image, by means of a metaphorical name. In science, this practice, codified by Aristotle, is twofold: ὀνοματοποιεῖν meant both to re-semanticize words wellknown and to create names ex novo for things not discovered or studied yet. After analysing ὀνοματοποιεῖν’s recurrence in Aristotle, I illustrate that, according to Neoplatonic Commentators, impositio can be, both natural and technical, only of things in actuality, having a solid consistency. Intermediates between contraries, presumed relatives and powers as qualities are nameless – as Philoponus notices in his In Categorias – since they haven’t an independent status and aren’t definable. This bond between the original rhetorical practice and the ontological perspective, sketched in Int. 1, was strengthened by Alexander, who filled Aristotle’s gaps, stating that names signify things’ being, i.e. the form acquired in actuality.
Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics and Politics: Their Common Field of Inquiry and Their Common Reader
Authors: Skowroński Leszek 
Published: June 2018

The aim of the article is to indicate that there is quite strong support in the text of the Nicomachean Ethics for the argument that its inquiry is “political” rather than “ethical” in character – the textual evidence provides reasons to challenge the traditional belief that Aristotle separated ethics from politics and started the rise of ethics as a new branch of philosophy. In addition, one can posit a hypothesis (and this has already been done) that the reader, whom Aristotle had in mind while writing what we now know as the Ethics, was a politician-lawgiver (and not just any educated Greek or – which is even less probable – any human being). So the reader aimed at in the Ethics is the same as the reader aimed at in the Politics – a politician-lawgiver. The Ethics and the Politics are a two-part but inseparable compound that together make a textbook for a politician-lawgiver. Both parts should be read together because the one cannot be understood correctly (i.e. as closely as possible to the intentions of their author) without the other. Aristotle studies human good not from the point of view of the individual but from the point of view of the human community. The highest human good – the philosopher’s eudaimonia – is achieved not by individual effort (or not fundamentally by that) but as a result of good laws and a well-organized life in a polis.
A Reply to John Dudley on Aristotle, Physics 2.5, 196b17–21
Authors: Giardina Giovanna R. 
Published: June 2018

In this article, I restate the interpretation of Aristotle’s Ph. 2.5, 196b17– 21, which I presented for the first time in my book I fondamenti della causalità naturale (2006). According to my reading, both the things that are due to deliberation and those that are not (Arist. Ph. 196b17–18) fall within the group of beings which come to be not for the sake of anything (Arist. Ph. 196b17). In his recent book, Aristotle’s Concept of Chance (Albany 2012), John Dudley found my interpretation laudable and original but rejected it, opting for the traditional interpretation. As he did not provide sufficient reasons for this, I deem it appropriate to discuss more broadly and in greater detail my interpretation in order to demonstrate that it is correct theoretically, linguistically and grammatically. I also discuss a reading of Neoplatonic commentators which seems to me very useful: when commenting on Aristotle, they start with a very prejudicial interpretation which comes from Alexander and which probably determined all later interpretations of the passage. According to this interpretation, beings which come to be not for the sake of anything (Arist. Ph. 196b17) are beings that have no teleology of any kind. Yet this exegetic position faces a series of difficulties which can easily be solved if one assumes, as I do, that these beings have a certain end albeit not an intrinsic one.
Electrochemical oxidation of lignin for the production of value-added chemicals on Ni-Co bimetallic electrocatalysts
Authors: Ghahremani Raziyeh , Staser John A. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Lignin has been submitted to electrochemical oxidation in the presence of nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co) and Ni-Co bimetallic electrocatalysts, which were prepared by a simple electrochemical deposition process. The composition and morphology of the catalyst were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDXA). The effects of the three electrocatalysts on the electrochemical oxidation of lignin were observed by cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry. The degradation products were quantitatively analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The rate of electrochemical oxidation of lignin is higher with Ni-Co bimetallic electrocatalyst with higher Co contents and the main products obtained were vanillin, apocynin and 3-methylbenzaldehyde.
Diazoxide toxicity in a child with persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy: mixed hyperglycemic hyperosmolar coma and ketoacidosis
Authors: Mangla Pragya , Hussain Khalid , Ellard Sian , Flanagan Sarah E. , Bhatia Vijayalakshmi 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

Background:
Persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy (PHHI), also known as congenital hyperinsulinism, has been known to go into spontaneous remission, with patients developing diabetes in later life. A temporary phase of hyperglycemia is, however, rarely reported.

Case presentation:
We describe a 16-month-old child, a known case of diazoxide responsive PHHI, presenting with mixed hyperglycemic hyperosmolar coma and ketoacidosis with rhabdomyolysis while on diazoxide treatment. The patient required temporary cessation of diazoxide and initiation of insulin infusion, followed by a relapse of hypoglycemia again necessitating diazoxide therapy.

Conclusions:
Hyperosmolar coma with ketoacidosis is a rare side-effect of diazoxide therapy, documented even in patients with persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy.
Crystal structure of ethyl 2-amino-4-(2-methoxyphenyl)-5-oxo-4H,5H-pyrano[3,2-c]chromene-3-carboxylate, C22H19NO6
Authors: Wang Ning , Liu Yu-Hang , Gao Ming-Lei , Zhao Ye , Wen Ping 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
C22H19NO6, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 9.055(3) Å, b = 17.601(6) Å, c = 11.817(4) Å, β = 91.361(5)°, V = 1882.8(11) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0368, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1038, T = 296(2) K.
The Effect of Piracy and Digital Rights Management on Vertically Related Content Industries
Authors: Bae Sang Hoo , Kim Myungsup , Yoo Kyeongwon 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to investigate how digitalization affects vertically related content industries with the threat of piracy. We construct a model of vertical relationship where an upstream [a downstream] firm is considered as a content provider [a retailer]. Three business models are proposed depending on who has the right to implement digital rights management (DRM): a vertically-integrated entity, an upstream, and a downstream. First, we analyze how different modes of control on DRM affect the optimal prices and the level of copy protection. The results are dependent upon the different control modes of DRM and the degree of opportunistic behavior responding to increasing piracy costs. Second, we analyze the effect of two types of piracy depending on distribution channels (non-digital versus digital). Strengthening intellectual property rights (IPR) protection results in a price hike for both cases, while we have opposite changes in quantities depending on the types of piracy.
Stand Tall—A Virtual Translation of the Otago Exercise Program
Authors: Shubert Tiffany E. , Chokshi Anang , Mendes Victoria M. , Grier Stephanie , Buchanan Helen , Basnett Jeanna , Smith Matthew Lee 
Published: June 2018

Background and Purpose:
The Otago Exercise Program (OEP) is effective at preventing falls and fall-related injuries. The resources and personnel required for program delivery and challenges inherent in monitoring participant adherence and compliance pose significant barriers to increasing the number of older adults participating in the OEP. Alternative delivery systems using virtual platforms may pose a solution. The purposes of this article were to (1) describe the “Stand Tall” intervention, a virtual translation of the OEP; (2) describe Stand Tall participant characteristics and fall-related risk at baseline; and (3) identify changes in physical performance measures associated with fall risk from baseline to 8-week follow-up.

Methods:
This was a quasi-experimental, single-group, pretest-posttest design. Forty-two older adults at risk for falls were recruited. Participants were oriented to Stand Tall by study personnel and then monitored and progressed virtually with face to face check-ins. Participants independently logged in and completed a prescribed a set of exercises 3 times a week for 30 minutes for a total of 8 weeks.

Results and Discussion:
The average participant age was 75.0 (9.1) years and self-reported 2.3 (1.7) chronic conditions. There were more men than women (52.4%) in the study. Participants were primarily non-Hispanic white (90.5%), had a college education (61.9), 40% reported falling in the past 6 months, and 60% screened positive for mild cognitive impairment. Participants were beginning to show decline in function with average single-leg stance less than 10 seconds and 30-second chair rise scores below normative values. Participants demonstrated high adherence rates (>88%) and significant improvements in physical performance measures associated with fall risk. These results may be limited to a less frail population and the study was not powered to demonstrate a reduction in falls.

Conclusions:
Results support that an avatar-delivered version of the OEP is effective, feasible, viable, and enjoyable for community-dwelling older adults. These types of platforms should be considered as potential mechanisms to increase availability of fall prevention programs.
Thermal Conductivity Measurement of Smaller Insulation Specimens Using Standard Heat Flow Meter
Authors: Girardi Graziela , Mukhopadhyaya Phalguni , Zalok Ehab 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Thermal conductivity measurement of small insulation specimens is an important necessity during new product development processes or when larger specimens cannot be collected during forensic investigation. The research activities reported in this article examined a new approach for measuring the thermal conductivity of small insulation specimens. Six commercial insulation materials were tested using a standard 300 by 300-mm heat flow meter apparatus with a 150 by 150-mm metering area. The results obtained from these tests were compared with thermal conductivity values of standard size specimens. Subsequently, the experimental results were also critically analyzed using a heat transfer modeling tool HEAT3. The observations presented in this article clearly indicate that the proposed new approach could be applied to measure thermal conductivity of a variety of insulation materials of different dimensions using a standard heat flow meter.
Experimental Investigation on Lemongrass Oil Water Emulsion in Low Heat Rejection Direct Ignition Diesel Engine
Authors: Perumal Venkatesan Elumalai , Kandhasamy Annamalai , Subramani Lingesan , Sivalingam Arularasu , Senthil Kumar Appuraja 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
This article discusses the experimental investigation of a new biofuel (lemongrass oil) feedstock as an alternative fuel. The subject has not drawn much attention among the fraternity of researchers. So far, an exploration for a new biofuel feedstock has resulted in demonstrating lemongrass oil (LGO) as an alternative energy source. Nickel-chromium-zirconium coating on piston, inlet, and exhaust valves is achieved using a plasma spray method. The coated engine has been tested with a constant level of neat diesel and varying proportions of 5, 10, and 15 percent of LGO–water emulsion; its properties have been analyzed per the ASTM standards. The considered test fuel was experimentally investigated in a single cylinder diesel engine at 1,500 rpm for its performance, combustion, and emission characteristics. Among the different mixtures, a fuel mixture of LGWM1 (LGO of 94 %, water of 5 %, span 80 of 0.5 %, and tween 80 of 0.5 %) profile had similar properties to diesel fuel, resulting in a higher thermal efficiency and a lower hydrocarbon, carbon monoxide emission. However, oxides of nitrogen and carbon dioxide emission were comparatively higher for the test fuel considered. The cylinder pressure and heat release rate curves show a slight increase at the full load condition as compared with diesel fuel. Against the background of continuous fossil fuel depletion, the fuel blend of LGWM1 (LGO of 94 %, water of 5 %, span 80 of 0.5 % and tween 80 of 0.5 %) acts as a promising alternative fuel for further research work.
Effect of Waste Human Hair Fibers on Shear Behavior of Sand in Dry and Saturated Conditions
Authors: Sahu Raghvendra , Ayothiraman Ramanathan , Ramana G. V. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Soil reinforcement using natural fibers has been successfully employed in different projects. Among the natural fibers, the use of waste human hair fibers as a reinforcing material can be the solution for sustainable development. This study presents characterization of human hair fiber–reinforced sand using direct shear tests under dry and saturated conditions. Tests were conducted in three series: (i) Test Series-1: using unsorted human hair fibers (as collected from barber shops) under dry conditions, (ii) Test Series-2: using unsorted human hair fibers under saturated conditions, and (iii) Test Series-3: sorted fibers with lengths of 10, 15, and 20 mm to examine the effect of fiber length when under saturated conditions of sand. All test specimens were prepared at 80 % relative density. Initially, experiments were carried out on dry sand with fiber reinforcement up to 2.0 % by weight of sand. Under saturated conditions, the percentage of fiber content was restricted up to 1.0 %, as formation of fiber clusters was noticed beyond 1.0 %. Under saturated conditions, specimens were prepared with initial moisture content ranging from 1.0–3.0 % by weight of soil for easy homogeneous mixing and then saturated. It is found that the reinforcement using human hair fibers significantly affects the shear behavior of dry sand. However, under saturated conditions, the human hair fiber reinforcement is able to sustain shear strength parameters similar to unreinforced sand, even though these parameters are likely to reduce. The use of unsorted fibers as reinforcement is more beneficial than that the use of the sorted fibers of uniform length.