bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Associations of Serum Fatty Acids with Serum Lipids Parameters in Ischaemic Stroke Patients
Authors: Mori Takahisa , Yoshioka Kazuhiro 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Background:

Serum fatty acids (s-FA) are likely associated with serum lipids parameters (s-LP), such as total cholesterol (T-CHO), LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C), HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) and triglycerides (TG), because fatty acids (FA) are components of lipoproteins. However, little is known about the association of s-FA with s-LP. The aim of our retrospective study was to investigate the association of s-FA with s-LP in Ischaemic stroke patients.

Methods:

We conducted a cross-sectional study of ischaemic stroke patients aged 50 years or older who 1) were admitted to our institution between September 2015 and March 2017 within 24 hours of stroke onset and 2) took blood examination of s-FA levels of palmitic acid (PA), stearic acid (StA), oleic acid (OlA), linoleic acid (LiA), arachidonic acid (AA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). We evaluated correlation of serum levels or composition percentage (%) of FA with s-LP.

Results:

One hundred ninety-one patients met our inclusive criteria. Their average age was 74.4 years, BMI was 23.4 kg/m2, T-CHO was 203.4, LDL-C was 121.7, HDL-C was 58.5 and TG was 116.2 mg/dl. Stepwise linear regression analysis showed that LiA and AA were independent positive factors of T-CHO, AA and LiA% were independent positive factors of LDL-C, AA was an independent positive factor of HDL-C, AA% and LiA% were independent inverse factors of HDL-C, and OlA was an independent positive factor of TG.

Conclusions:

Serum FA had correlation with s-LP in ischaemic stroke patients. The results warrant clinical application of s-FA modification to improve s-LP.
Contributions of Vitamin D in the management of depressive symptoms and cardiovascular risk factors: study protocol for a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial
Authors: Porto Catarina Magalhaes , Silva Tatiana de Paula Santana da , Sougey Everton Botelho 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Background: Depression is a major cause of chronic disability throughout the world and an important cardiovascular risk factor, increasing the relative risk of coronary artery disease as well as rates of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Concomitant to the greater prevalence of depression, there has been a reduction in exposure to sunlight with the increase in urbanization and the use of sun block, which has led to a reduction in serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D. Therefore, this paper describes a protocol for a clinical trial aimed at evaluating the effects of vitamin D supplementation on depression and cardiovascular risk factors to contribute evidence regarding the potential influence of supplementation in situations related to mood regulation.
Methods: This protocol study was guided by the SPIRIT recommendations. A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial will be conducted with 224 adults (age range: 18 to 59 years) with depression taking antidepressants with no history of vitamin D supplementation, psychiatric comorbidities, chronic kidney disease, hypercalcemia or neoplasm in care at psychiatric outpatient clinics of two universities in northeast Brazil. Eligible participants who provided written consent will be randomly designated to either the intervention group (n = 112; vitamin D supplementation – 50,000 IU per week for six months) or control group (n = 112; placebo taken weekly for six months). Measures for monitoring depressive symptoms, clinical trials and laboratory tests for evaluating cardiovascular risk factors and serum vitamin D levels will be performed before and after the intervention period.
Discussion: To the best of our knowledge, this will be the first clinical trial with the aim of testing the effectiveness of vitamin D supplementation on the reduction in cardiovascular risk and as an adjuvant to depression therapy for a prolonged period (six months). The findings will contribute to the understanding of the therapeutic effects of vitamin D supplementation on the management of depression and can help guide public policies directed toward vitamin supplementation for the reduction of cardiovascular risk.
Trial registration: Proof: http://www.ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/. Number: RBR-6yj8sj / UTN Number: U1111-1217-9237 (July 23, 2018)
Changes in Retinal and Choroidal Vascularity in Eyes with Acute Central Serous Chorioretinopathy Using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography
Authors: Guo Jingli , Ding Xinyi , Zhang Yongjin , Xu Gezhi , Wu Haixiang 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Background To compare the vascular changes of superficial capillary layer (SCP) and deep capillary layer (DCP) in retina and choriocapillary layer in eyes with acute central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) between at baseline and 3 months.
Methods Prospective case series; Twelve patients (12 eyes) with acute CSC at the baseline and 3 months were included. All patients underwent comprehensive ophthalmic examinations. Subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) and central macular thickness (CMT) were evaluated by spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). The foveal avascular zone (FAZ), the microvascular morphology and density of SCP and DCP, and the choroicapillary morphology were assessed by OCTA or Image J software. All data in this study were presented as mean and standard deviations (SD)
Results The mean±SD CMT (p=0.018), the mean±SD SFCT (p=0.013), the mean±SD microvascular density of DCP (p＜0.001) and choroicapillary layer (p＜0.001) at baseline were different from the ones at 3 months. The density of DCP was increased and choriocapillaris flow signal void was recovered at 3months in the process of self-resolve. Two eyes exhibited vascularized flat pigment epithelial detachment (FIPED) by OCTA. The en-face OCT can illstrate the area of the elongation of ellipsoid zone (EZ).
Conclusions OCTA enables the visualization of microvascular features of the DCP and choroidcapillary in eyes with acute CSC in the process of self-resovle to help elucidate the pathophysiology. Vascularized FIPED could be obtained in acute CSC eyes by OCTA. OCTA imaging seems to be a useful tool in the identification of acute CSC.
PROtective Ventilation with a low versus high Inspiratory Oxygen fraction(PROVIO) and its effects on postoperative pulmonary complications:protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Li Xue-Fei , Jiang Dan , Jiang Yu-Lian , Yu Hong , Jiang Jia-Li , He Lei-Lei , Yang Xiao-Yun , Yu Hai 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Background: Postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) is the most common perioperative complication following surgical site infection (SSI), which prolongs the hospital stay and increases health care cost. Lung-protective ventilation strategy is considered as better practice in abdominal surgery to prevent PPCs. However, the role of inspiratory oxygen fraction (FiO₂) in the strategy remains disputable. Previous trials have focused on reducing SSI by increasing inhaled oxygen concentration but higher FiO₂ (80%) was found to be associated with a greater incidence of atelectasis and mortality in recent researches. The trial aims at comparing the effect of FiO₂ added to lung-ventilation strategy on reducing the incidence of PPCs during general anesthesia for abdominal surgery.

Methods: PROtective Ventilation with a low versus high Inspiratory Oxygen fraction trial（PROVIO）is a single-center, prospective, randomized, controlled trial planning to recruit 252 patients under abdominal surgery lasting for at least 2 hours. The patients will be randomly assigned to (1) a low FiO₂ (30% FiO₂) group and (2) a high FiO₂ (80% FiO₃) in lung-protective ventilation strategy. The primary outcome of the study is the occurrence of PPCs within the postoperative 7 days. Secondary outcomes include the severity grade of PPCs, the occurrence of postoperative extrapulmonary complications and all-cause mortality within the postoperative 7 and 30 days.

Discussion: PROVIO trial assesses the effect of low versus high FiO₂ in lung-protective ventilation strategy on PPCs for abdominal surgery patients and the results will provide practical approaches to intraoperative oxygen management.

Trial registration number: Registered at www.ChiCTR.org.cn on 13 February 2018 with identifier no. ChiCTR18 00014901.
Nutritional intakes and associated factors among tuberculosis patients: a community-based cross-sectional study in China
Authors: ren zhewen , Zhao Fei , Chen Hui , Hu Dongmei , Yu Wentao , Xu Xiaoli , Lin Dingwen , Luo Fuyi , Fan Yueling , Wang Haijun , Cheng Jun , Zhao Liyun 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Background: This study evaluated nutrient intakes of tuberculosis (TB) patients and examine their associated factors. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 300 adult TB patients were enrolled in two impoverished counties in China. Nutrient intakes were evaluated through two consecutive 24-h dietary recalls and compared with the Chinese Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) 2013. Corresponding information for local general population was derived from 2015 China Health and Nutrition Survey. Results: The mean daily energy (1655.0 kcal in males, 1360.3 kcal in females) and protein (44.6 g in males, 35.9 g in females) intakes of TB patients were below Recommend Nutrient Intake (RNI) and Adequate Intake (AI) in both genders, and intakes of many micronutrients, except for vitamin E and sodium, were insufficient. Compared with those for local general population, TB patients’ intakes of all the macronutrients and micronutrients were lower (p<0.05) except total fat. In addition, Proportions of people with macronutrient or micronutrient intakes lower than RNI/AI were higher in TB patients than in general population except for Vitamin E intake. Being unemployed was a risk factor for low energy intake (p<0.05) and out-home-eating was a protective factor for low protein intake (p<0.01). Conclusions: In impoverished areas in China, intakes of macronutrients and most micronutrients in TB patients were less than those in general population. They were also inadequate compared with DRIs, especially in unemployed patients and patients eating at home. These findings suggested that the public health actions are needed to promote education on TB patients about significance of nutritional support, and, further interventions in TB patients’ nutritional intakes are also required.
Evaluation of Dimensional Accuracy of 3D printed mandibular model using two different Additive Manufacturing Techniques based on Ultra-Low Dose Multislice Computed Tomography scan data
Authors: Hesham Noran Mohamed , Kandel Hossam , Dakhli Iman Ismail 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Article Type : Research article Corrective and reconstructive cranio-maxillofacial interventions are a challenging area of surgery that requires careful pre-operative planning. To accommodate the need for precision pre-operative planning, surgeons frequently need guidance such as a 3D model to display complex cranial structures. 3D model is a manufactured model made by a 3D printer using digital imaging and communication for medicine (DICOM) data from a CT scan, and then, converted into computer-assisted design (CAD) data. Image acquisition is a very important step in generation of 3D objects as the quality of the object depends on the quality of the data. MSCT is widely applied for rapid prototyping because image post-processing is less complex for MSCT data.This aim of the present study is to evaluate the dimensional accuracy of the 3D printed mandibular models fabricated by two different additive manufacturing techniques using highly precise one as selective laser sintering (SLS) and low-cost one as fused filament fabrication and whether they are both comparable in terms of precision.In this diagnostic accuracy study , 7 mandibular models will be recruited for the study, 10 linear measurements will be determined on the models. MSCT scanning of the model will be performed. afterwards 3d printing of the scanned image will be done using SLS and FFF 3d printers. the predetermined 10 linear measurement will be measured on the printed models to be compared with the reference standard measurement to determine the accuracy of the 3d printers in dental applications like surgical guides, orthodontic appliances, fixed prosthodontics appliances and other many dental applications. The study is scheduled to be done by october 2020Article Type : Protocol for diagnostic accuracy study
Comorbid infections in rheumatic diseases (according to FSBI RIR named after V.A. Nasonova)
Authors: Bukhanova D. V. , Belov B. S. , Tarasova G. M. , Soloviev S. K. , Ananyeva L. P. , Popkova T. V. , Gordeev A. V. , Muravyov Yu. V. , Glukhova S. I. 
Published: June 2019

Aim. Study of spectrum, frequency and risk factors of comorbid infections in rheumatic diseases (RD) in the stationary contingent of patients hospitalized in the FSBI RIR named after V.A. Nasonova within 1 year.Patients and methods. The study included 245 patients with RD: 122 patients suffered from rheumatoid arthritis, 62 - systemic lupus erythematosus, 61 - systemic scleroderma. All patients were interviewed by a doctor-researcher and filled in a questionnaire. If necessary, additional information was obtained during the analysis of medical records.Results. In the spectrum of infections in patients with RD, respiratory tract and ENT infections prevailed. The frequency of serious infections (SI) during RD in the studied cohort was 23.7–38.1%. The frequency of certain infections, including SI, is influenced by the duration and variant of RD, comorbid diseases and immunosuppressive therapy.Conclusions: the data obtained indicate the importance of infections in rheumatology. A high percentage of RD exacerbation against the background of infection, the prevalence of respiratory tract infections, including SI, dictate the need for vaccine prophylaxis at the early stages of RD.
International Seminar Review Notes Dismissal Protection in the BRICS Countries
Authors: Chikireva I. 
Published: June 2019

Legal scholars from Brazil, South Africa and Russia gathered in Saint Petersburg on 25 January 2019 to attend the International Legal Science Seminar hosted by the Department of Labor Law and Labor Protection at Saint Petersburg State University.This review is prepared based on the material in the presentations provided by the speakers at the International Legal Science Seminar.
Highlighting the Role of Cognitive and Brain Reserve in the Substance use Disorder Field
Authors: Cutuli D. , Ladrón de Guevara-Miranda D. , Castilla-Ortega E. , Santín L.J. , Sampedro-Piquero P. 
Published: June 2019

Background:Cognitive reserve (CR) refers to the ability of an individual to cope with brain pathology remaining free of cognitive symptoms. This protective factor has been related to compensatory and more efficient brain mechanisms involved in resisting brain damage. For its part, Brain reserve (BR) refers to individual differences in the structural properties of the brain which could also make us more resilient to suffer from neurodegenerative and mental diseases.Objective:This review summarizes how this construct, mainly mediated by educational level, occupational attainment, physical and mental activity, as well as successful social relationships, has gained scientific attention in the last years with regard to diseases, such as neurodegenerative diseases, stroke or traumatic brain injury. Nevertheless, although CR has been studied in a large number of disorders, few researches have addressed the role of this concept in drug addiction.Methods:We provide a selective overview of recent literature about the role of CR and BR in preventing substance use onset. Likewise, we will also discuss how variables involved in CR (healthy leisure, social support or job-related activities, among others) could be trained and included as complementary activities of substance use disorder treatments.Results:Evidence about this topic suggests a preventive role of CR and BR on drug use onset and when drug addiction is established, these factors led to less severe addiction-related problems, as well as better treatment outcomes.Conclusion:CR and BR are variables not taken yet into account in drug addiction. However, they could give us a valuable information about people at risk, as well as patient’s prognosis.
Evaluating Radioprotection of Rat’s Jejunum by a Combination of Melatonin and Metformin
Authors: Azar Nasim Ahmadi , Javadi Abdolreza , Najafi Masoud , Shirazi Alireza , Tajabadi Elham , Shabeeb Dheyauldeen , Musa Ahmed Eleojo 
Published: June 2019

Background:
ejunum is one of the most radiosensitive parts of the gastrointestinal
system. This is the main issue, leading to several side effects to patients with abdominal cancers, in
addition to affecting their quality of life. Epithelial layer and clonogenic cells in the jejunum are the
most sensitive parts of the intestine, while damage to vascular may lead to chronic inflammation and
bleeding. Both melatonin and metformin have shown abilities to attenuate radiation toxicities
through the modulation of DNA damage responses, neutralization of free radicals and alleviation of
inflammation. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the possible radioprotective effects of melatonin
and metformin when administered either alone or as a combination, in rat’s jejunum against a high
dose of radiation.

Methods:
40 male rats were divided into 8 groups as G1: control; G2: metformin; G3: melatonin;
G4: melatonin + metformin; G5: radiation; G6: radiation + melatonin; G7: radiation + metformin;
G8: metformin + melatonin + radiation. Rats were irradiated with 10 Gy gamma rays, while
treatments were administered at 100 mg/kg. The ratio for melatonin and metformin was 1:1. 3.5 days
after irradiation, all rats were sacrificed, followed by histopathological evaluation of the jejunum.

Results:
This study showed that whole body irradiation of rats led to severe injuries to the epithelial
and vascular of jejunum. A single administration of either melatonin or metformin was unable to
mitigate radiation toxicity. However, administering the combination of melatonin and metformin
could mildly mitigate radiation-induced jejunum injury.

Conclusion:
From the results of this study, we suggest that the combination of melatonin and
metformin has superior radioprotective effect for jejunum compared with the single administration of
these drugs.
Reed Membrane as a Novel Immobilization Matrix for the Development of an Optical Phenol Biosensor
Authors: Li Yongjin 
Published: June 2019

Background:
Biocompatible and easily available immobilization matrix is vital for the
construction of enzyme-based biosensor.

Methods:
Reed membrane was selected as a novel immobilization matrix to construct an optical
phenol biosensor. Tyrosinase from mushroom was immobilized in a reed membrane using glutaraldehyde
as a cross-linker. The detection scheme was based on the measurement of the color intensity
of the adduct resulting from the reaction of 3-methyl-2-benzothiazolinone hydrazone (MBTH) with
the quinone produced from the oxidation of phenol by tyrosinase. The performance of such method
including specificity, sensitivity, repeatability and practical use were validated.

Results:
The prepared biosensor demonstrated optimum performance at pH 6-7, temperature of 40°C
and a linear response in the phenol concentration range of 5-100 μM. It also showed good operation
stability for repeated measurements (over 200 times) and good storage stability after it had been kept
at 4°C for 2 months.

Conclusion:
Reed membrane is a novel matrix for immobilization of enzyme. The prepared biosensor
permits good sensitivity, reproducibility and stability. It is anticipated that reed membrane is a
promising solid support for fabricating other enzyme-based biosensors.
Incidence of Breast Cancer in Markazi, Iran, Population-based Cancer Registry Results
Authors: Taheri Majid , Nazari Javad , Anoshirvani Ali Arash , Aghabozorgi Reza , Bahrami Masoud , Hashiani Amir Almasi 
Published: June 2019

Background:
Breast Cancer (BC) is the most prevalent malignancy and a significant cause of cancer deaths in females all around the world. BC includes 16 percent of all cancers.

Objective:
This study aimed at examining the epidemiology of BC in Markazi.

Materials and Methods:
This was an epidemiological study in which data resulted from the population-based cancer registry program in Markazi, Iran was used during the years 2010-2014. Data was recorded in Excel software and coded based on ICD-O and all duplicate reports were removed according to their unique codes. All cases out of Markazi were excluded from study and cases with code C-50 (all BC) were included in this study. SPSS ver.18 was used to analyze the data.

Results:
In this study, 1,254 new cases of BC in Markazi were included in the analysis. The highest cancer rate was reported in 2012 (319 cases). The highest crude rate of BC was reported in 2012 (45/100,000 people) and the lowest crude rate was reported in 2010 (26.2 /100,000 people). The Age-Specific Rates (ASR) of BC were 27, 37.3, 45.7, 39.8 and 31.5 per 100.000 people in 2010 to 2014, respectively. The highest ASR of BC was reported in 2012 (45.7/100,000 people) and the lowest ASR was reported in 2010 (27/100,000 people).

Conclusion:
The results showed similar incidence rate of BC in Markazi as compared to other provinces in Iran. Efficient approaches should be considered for cancer registry systems especially BC.
Using Telemedicine to Diagnose Surgical Site Infections in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Systematic Review
Authors: Sandberg Charlotte E J , Knight Stephen R , Qureshi Ahmad Uzair , Pathak Samir 
Published: June 2019

Background
A high burden of preventable morbidity and mortality due to surgical site infections (SSIs) occurs in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), and most of these SSIs occur following discharge. There is a high loss to follow-up due to a wide geographical spread of patients, and cost of travel can result in delayed and missed diagnoses.

Objective
This review analyzes the literature surrounding the use of telemedicine and assesses the feasibility of using mobile phone technology to both diagnose SSIs remotely in LMICs and to overcome social barriers.

Methods
A literature search was performed using Medline, Embase, CINAHL, PubMed, Web of Science, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Google Scholar. Included were English language papers reporting the use of telemedicine for detecting SSIs in comparison to the current practice of direct clinical diagnosis. Papers were excluded if infections were not due to surgical wounds, or if SSIs were not validated with in-person diagnosis. The primary outcome of this review was to review the feasibility of telemedicine for remote SSI detection.

Results
A total of 404 articles were screened and three studies were identified that reported on 2082 patients across three countries. All studies assessed the accuracy of remote diagnosis of SSIs using predetermined telephone questionnaires. In total, 44 SSIs were accurately detected using telemedicine and an additional 14 were picked up on clinical follow-up.

Conclusions
The use of telemedicine has shown to be a feasible method in remote diagnosis of SSIs. Telemedicine is a useful adjunct for clinical practice in LMICs to decrease loss to postsurgical follow-up.