bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Procedural complexity independent of P2Y12 reaction unit (PRU) values is associated with acute in situ thrombosis in Pipeline flow diversion of cerebral aneurysms
Authors: Jiang Bowen , Bender Matthew T , Westbroek Erick M , Campos Jessica K , Lin Li-Mei , Xu Risheng , Tamargo Rafael J , Huang Judy , Colby Geoffrey P , Coon Alexander L 
Published: April 2018

BackgroundAcute in situ thrombosis is an ischaemic phenomenon during Pipeline embolisation device (PED) procedures with potentially high morbidity and mortality. There is controversy regarding the role of platelet function testing with P2Y12 assay as a predictor of intraprocedural thromboembolic events. There is limited knowledge on whether procedural complexity influences these events.MethodsData were collected retrospectively on 742 consecutive PED cases at a single institution. Patients with intraprocedural acute thrombosis were compared with patients without these events.ResultsA cohort of 37 PED cases with acute in situ thrombosis (mean age 53.8 years, mean aneurysm size 8.4 mm) was matched with a cohort of 705 PED cases without intraprocedural thromboembolic events (mean age 56.4 years, mean aneurysm size 6.9 mm). All patients with in situ thrombosis received intra-arterial and/or intravenous abciximab. The two groups were evenly matched in patient demographics, previous treatment/subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and aneurysm location. There was no statistical difference in postprocedural P2Y12 reaction unit (PRU) values between the two groups, with a mean of 156 in the in situ thrombosis group vs 148 in the control group (p=0.5894). Presence of cervical carotid tortuosity, high cavernous internal carotid artery grade, need for multiple PED and vasospasm were not significantly different between the two groups. The in situ thrombosis group had statistically significant longer fluoroscopy time (60.4 vs 38.4 min, p<0.0001), higher radiation exposure (3476 vs 2160 mGy, p<0.0001), higher rates of adjunctive coiling (24.3% vs 8.37%, p=0.0010) and higher utilisation of balloon angioplasty (37.8% vs 12.2%, p<0.0001). Clinically, the in situ thrombosis cohort had higher incidence of major and minor stroke, intracerebral haemorrhage and length of stay.ConclusionsPredictors of procedural complexity (higher radiation exposure, longer fluoroscopy time, adjunctive coiling and need for balloon angioplasty) are associated with acute thrombotic events during PED placement, independent of PRU values.
Containing diffusion: the tobacco industry’s multipronged trade strategy to block tobacco standardised packaging
Authors: Crosbie Eric , Eckford Robert , Bialous Stella 
Published: April 2018

Objective
To analyse the tobacco industry’s strategy of using trade and investment agreements to prevent the global diffusion of standardised packaging (SP) of tobacco products.

Methods
Review of tobacco industry documents, relevant government documents and media items. The data were triangulated and thematically analysed.

Results
Internal tobacco industry documents reveal that during the early 1990s, tobacco companies developed a multipronged trade strategy to prevent the global diffusion of progressive tobacco packaging and labelling proposals, including SP. This strategy consisted of (1) framing the health issue in terms of trade and investment, (2) detailing alleged legal violations concerning trade barriers, intellectual property and investment rights, (3) threatening legal suits and reputational damage, and (4) garnering third-party support. These efforts helped delay SP until 2010 when Australia became the first country to reintroduce SP proposals, followed by governments in the UK and New Zealand in 2012, Ireland in 2013 and France in 2014. Review of government documents and media sources in each of the five countries indicate the industry continues to employ this multipronged strategy throughout the SP policy’s progression. Although this strategy is tailored towards each domestic context, the overall tobacco industry’s trade strategy remains consistently focused on shifting the attention away from public health and towards the realm of trade and investment with more corporate-friendly allies.

Conclusion
Governments seeking to implement SP need to be prepared to resist and counter the industry’s multipronged trade strategy by avoiding trade diversions, exposing false industry legal and reputational claims, and monitoring third-party support.
Síndrome compartimental agudo en quemadura eléctrica
Authors: Orozco Chinome Javier Esteban , Picón Jaimes Yelson Alejandro , Villabona Rosales Sergio Alberto , Alviar Rueda Juan Dario 
Published: April 2018

Introducción: El síndrome compartimental agudo es el aumento anormal de la presión en los compartimentos musculares en las primeras horas posteriores a la lesión, generando isquemia, necrosis e, incluso, la muerte de la extremidad afectada. Su tratamiento consiste en la rápida descompresión quirúrgica, con lo cual se preserva la vitalidad de los tejidos. El síndrome compartimental es una entidad poco frecuente en la práctica clínica, y el tratamiento depende de su sospecha y pronto diagnóstico. Métodos: Reportamos el caso clínico de un adulto medio con quemadura eléctrica en miembros superiores, quien durante estancia hospitalaria presentó síndrome compartimental, se realizó el diagnóstico oportuno y fue llevado a fasciotomía temprana con adecuada evolución. Este manuscrito tiene como objetivo realizar una revisión de la literatura e informar al lector sobre los aspectos fundamentales para la sospecha de esta patología. Resultados: Dentro de las características de este síndrome se incluye la disminución de la perfusión tisular, con compresión mecánica del flujo vascular por aumento del contenido en el compartimento y por disminución del continente. El principal síntoma es dolor exagerado con respecto a la lesión, asociado a parestesias, palidez y frialdad. Conclusiones: Además de la limitación en la movilidad de los dedos y la mano, el síntoma principal del síndrome compartimental es el dolor. Un dolor excesivo debe alertarnos siempre y hacernos sospechar un síndrome compartimental. Además, el dolor causado por el estiramiento pasivo de los músculos es un hallazgo clínico más sensible en un síndrome compartimental en desarrollo.
Inflammation, Autophagy, and Apoptosis After Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Wang Xianwei , Guo Zhikun , Ding Zufeng , Mehta Jawahar L. 
Published: April 2018

Background
There is evidence for inflammation, autophagy, and apoptosis in the ischemic heart. Autophagy is a physiologic process for tissue survival. Apoptosis, on the other hand, is a mechanism that serves to clear the debris in the setting of tissue injury. The balance between autophagy and apoptosis may be important in cell survival and cardiac function.

Methods and Results

We examined the interplay of inflammation and myocyte autophagy and apoptosis during the ischemic process. We subjected mice to total left coronary artery ligation and studied these animals for up to 4 weeks. The inflammatory (tumor necrosis factor [
TNF
]‐α, monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1, interleukin‐6, and interleukin‐1β) and autophagic signals (light chain‐3 and beclin‐1) were strongest during the first week and then began to decline. However, the apoptotic signals peaked at week 2 after left coronary artery ligation, and the elevated levels persisted until the end of the fourth week. To elucidate the role of inflammation in the regulation of myocyte autophagy and apoptosis, we administered
TNF
‐α inhibitor (
CAS
1049741‐03‐8, Millipore, Burlington, MA) to the mice daily during the first week of myocardial infarction. Anti‐
TNF
‐α therapy reduced the levels of inflammatory cytokines and the inflammatory cell infiltration in and around the infarct area. However, cardiac function measured by echocardiography (fractional shortening and ejection fraction) worsened with anti‐
TNF
‐α therapy. More importantly, application of
TNF
‐α inhibitor markedly inhibited autophagy and promoted myocyte apoptosis in the border zone.

Conclusions
These observations suggest that inflammatory response may be protective in the early stage of the myocardial infarction through stimulation of myocyte autophagy. Anti‐inflammatory treatment early after coronary occlusion may have an adverse effect.
DASH Score and Subsequent Risk of Coronary Artery Disease: The Findings From Million Veteran Program
Authors: Djoussé Luc , Ho Yuk‐Lam , Nguyen Xuan‐Mai T. , Gagnon David R. , Wilson Peter W.F. , Cho Kelly , Gaziano J. Michael , Halasz Ildiko , Federman Daniel , Beckham Jean , Sherman Scott E. , Sriram Peruvemba , Tsao Philip S. , Boyko Edward J. , Xu Junzhe , Lederle Frank , Dellitalia Louis J. , McArdle Rachel , Kaminsky Laurence , Swann Alan C. , Hamner Mark B. , Florez Hermes J. , Pandya Prashant , Villarreal Gerardo , Wilson Peter , Morgan Timothy R. , Davis Lori , Hurley Robin A. , Meyer Laurence , Ahuja Sunil K. , Konicki Eric P. , Cohen David , Lichy Jack , Whittle Jeffrey , Haddock Kathlyn Sue , Straub Karl D. , Callaghan John T. , Aguayo Samuel M. , Gupta Samir , Washburn Ronald G. , Oehlert Mary E. , Hung Adriana M. , Wallbom Agnes , Keith Robert , Sonel Elif , Schifman Ronald B. , Childress Richard D. , Godschalk Michael F. , Shuldiner Alan R. , Rastogi Padmashri , Gutierrez Salvador , Fernando Ronald , Iruvanti Pran R. , Jhala Darshana , Rosado‐Rodriguez Carlos , Mastorides Stephen M. , Harley John B. , Mattocks Kristin , Striker Robert T. , Rauchman Michael , Wells John , Ballas Zuhair K. , Woods Susan S. , Yeh Shing , Ratcliffe Nora R. , Klein Jon B. , Golden Adam G. , Ginzburg Harold M. , Sharma Satish , Oursler Kris Ann K. , Whooley Mary A. , Gibson Gretchen 
Published: April 2018

Background
While adherence to healthful dietary patterns has been associated with a lower risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) in the general population, limited data are available among US veterans. We tested the hypothesis that adherence to Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension (DASH) food pattern is associated with a lower risk of developing CAD among veterans.

Methods and Results

We analyzed data on 153 802 participants of the Million Veteran Program enrolled between 2011 and 2016. Information on dietary habits was obtained using a food frequency questionnaire at enrollment. We used electronic health records to assess the development of CAD during follow‐up. Of the 153 802 veterans who provided information on diet and were free of CAD at baseline, the mean age was 64.0 (SD=11.8) years and 90.4% were men. During a mean follow‐up of 2.8 years, 5451 CAD cases occurred. The crude incidence rate of CAD was 14.0, 13.1, 12.6, 12.3, and 11.1 cases per 1000 person‐years across consecutive quintiles of Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension score. Hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) for CAD were 1.0 (ref), 0.91 (0.84–0.99), 0.87 (0.80–0.95), 0.86 (0.79–0.94), and 0.80 (0.73–0.87) from the lowest to highest quintile of Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension score controlling for age, sex, body mass index, race, smoking, exercise, alcohol intake, and statin use (
P
linear trend, <0.0001).

Conclusions
Our data are consistent with an inverse association between Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension diet score and incidence of CAD among US veterans.
Economic Value of Improved Accuracy for Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose Devices for Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes in England
Authors: McQueen Robert Brett , Breton Marc D. , Craig Joyce , Holmes Hayden , Whittington Melanie D. , Ott Markus A. , Campbell Jonathan D. 
Published: April 2018

Objective: The objective was to model clinical and economic outcomes of self-monitoring blood glucose (SMBG) devices with varying error ranges and strip prices for type 1 and insulin-treated type 2 diabetes patients in England. Methods: We programmed a simulation model that included separate risk and complication estimates by type of diabetes and evidence from in silico modeling validated by the Food and Drug Administration. Changes in SMBG error were associated with changes in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and separately, changes in hypoglycemia. Markov cohort simulation estimated clinical and economic outcomes. A SMBG device with 8.4% error and strip price of £0.30 (exceeding accuracy requirements by International Organization for Standardization [ISO] 15197:2013/EN ISO 15197:2015) was compared to a device with 15% error (accuracy meeting ISO 15197:2013/EN ISO 15197:2015) and price of £0.20. Outcomes were lifetime costs, quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs). Results: With SMBG errors associated with changes in HbA1c only, the ICER was £3064 per QALY in type 1 diabetes and £264 668 per QALY in insulin-treated type 2 diabetes for an SMBG device with 8.4% versus 15% error. With SMBG errors associated with hypoglycemic events only, the device exceeding accuracy requirements was cost-saving and more effective in insulin-treated type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Conclusions: Investment in devices with higher strip prices but improved accuracy (less error) appears to be an efficient strategy for insulin-treated diabetes patients at high risk of severe hypoglycemia.
Epidermal expression of a sterol biosynthesis gene regulates root growth by a non-cell-autonomous mechanism in Arabidopsis
Authors: Short Eleri , Leighton Margaret , Imriz Gul , Liu Dongbin , Cope-Selby Naomi , Hetherington Flora , Smertenko Andrei , Hussey Patrick J. , Topping Jennifer F. , Lindsey Keith 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACT
The epidermis is hypothesized to play a signalling role during plant development. One class of mutants showing defects in signal transduction and radial patterning are those in sterol biosynthesis. The expectation is that living cells require sterols, but it is not clear that all cell types express sterol biosynthesis genes. The HYDRA1 (HYD1) gene of Arabidopsis encodes sterol Δ8-Δ7 isomerase, and although hyd1 seedlings are defective in radial patterning across several tissues, we show that the HYD1 gene is expressed most strongly in the root epidermis. Transgenic activation of HYD1 transcription in the epidermis of hyd1 null mutants reveals a major role in root patterning and growth. HYD1 expression in the vascular tissues and root meristem, though not endodermis or pericycle, also leads to some phenotypic rescue. Phenotypic rescue is associated with rescued patterning of the PIN1 and PIN2 auxin efflux carriers. The importance of the epidermis in controlling root growth and development is proposed to be, in part, due to its role as a site for sterol biosynthesis, and auxin is a candidate for the non-cell-autonomous signal.
Neural stem cell quiescence and stemness are molecularly distinct outputs of the Notch3 signalling cascade in the vertebrate adult brain
Authors: Than-Trong Emmanuel , Ortica-Gatti Sara , Mella Sébastien , Nepal Chirag , Alunni Alessandro , Bally-Cuif Laure 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACT
Neural stem cells (NSCs) in the adult vertebrate brain are found in a quiescent state and can preserve long-lasting progenitor potential (stemness). Whether and how these two properties are linked, and to what extent they can be independently controlled by NSC maintenance pathways, is unresolved. We have previously identified Notch3 signalling as a major quiescence-promoting pathway in adult NSCs of the zebrafish pallium. We now show that Notch3 also controls NSC stemness. Using parallel transcriptomic characterizations of notch3 mutant NSCs and adult NSC physiological states, we demonstrate that a set of potentially direct Notch3 target genes distinguishes quiescence and stemness control. As a proof of principle, we focus on one ‘stemness’ target, encoding the bHLH transcription factor Hey1, that has not yet been analysed in adult NSCs. We show that abrogation of Hey1 function in adult pallial NSCs in vivo, including quiescent NSCs, leads to their differentiation without affecting their proliferation state. These results demonstrate that quiescence and stemness are molecularly distinct outputs of Notch3 signalling, and identify Hey1 as a major Notch3 effector controlling NSC stemness in the vertebrate adult brain.
GSK-3 promotes S-phase entry and progression in C. elegans germline stem cells to maintain tissue output
Authors: Furuta Tokiko , Joo Hyoe-Jin , Trimmer Kenneth A. , Chen Shin-Yu , Arur Swathi 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACT
Adult C. elegans germline stem cells (GSCs) and mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) exhibit a non-canonical cell cycle structure with an abbreviated G1 phase and phase-independent expression of Cdk2 and cyclin E. Mechanisms that promote the abbreviated cell cycle remain unknown, as do the consequences of not maintaining an abbreviated cell cycle in these tissues. In GSCs, we discovered that loss of gsk-3 results in reduced GSC proliferation without changes in differentiation or responsiveness to GLP-1/Notch signaling. We find that DPL-1 transcriptional activity inhibits CDK-2 mRNA accumulation in GSCs, which leads to slower S-phase entry and progression. Inhibition of dpl-1 or transgenic expression of CDK-2 via a heterologous germline promoter rescues the S-phase entry and progression defects of the gsk-3 mutants, demonstrating that transcriptional regulation rather than post-translational control of CDK-2 establishes the abbreviated cell cycle structure in GSCs. This highlights an inhibitory cascade wherein GSK-3 inhibits DPL-1 and DPL-1 inhibits cdk-2 transcription. Constitutive GSK-3 activity through this cascade maintains an abbreviated cell cycle structure to permit the efficient proliferation of GSCs necessary for continuous tissue output.
Temporary Contract Adjustment to a Retailer with a Private Demand Forecast
Authors: Nasser Sherif , Turcic Danko 
Published: April 2018

This paper analyzes a setting in which a manufacturer (he) and a retailer (she) face uncertain demand, but the retailer has an information advantage in the form of a private demand forecast. Such information asymmetry causes the manufacturer to incur a hidden information cost. The results show that a manufacturer can leverage his timing advantage to strategically implement a temporary contract adjustment (TCA) mechanism, which allows him to counter his informational disadvantage and either eliminate or reduce the hidden information cost. The manufacturer implements the TCA mechanism by designing the supply contract with two sets of terms: presignal and postsignal. Presignal terms engage the retailer before observing the forecast signal and induce her to decide under high uncertainty. As a result, she overinvests when the forecast signal is low. Postsignal terms engage her after the signal, allowing her to make use of the information and purchase additional stock efficiently based on the forecast signal. This ability to utilize the forecast information allows the manufacturer to set more efficient contract terms. By applying the TCA mechanism to a simple wholesale price contract, the manufacturer can achieve the effect of free, partial information revelation as if he observes a coarse version of the retailer’s private forecast. By applying the TCA mechanism to a (stronger) quantity-transfer menu, the manufacturer can achieve the effect of free, full information revelation (i.e., full information profits) as if he fully observes the same version of the forecast, without the retailer directly sharing her private information. The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2017.2942 . This paper was accepted by Juanjuan Zhang, marketing.
Optimal Procurement Auctions Under Multistage Supplier Qualification
Authors: Chen Wei , Dawande Milind , Janakiraman Ganesh 
Published: April 2018

We consider a firm that solicits bids from a fixed-sized pool of yet-to-be-qualified suppliers for an indivisible contract. The contract can only be awarded to a supplier who passes a multistage qualification process. For each stage of the qualification process, the buyer incurs a fixed testing cost for each supplier she chooses to test. The buyer seeks an optimal mechanism—that is, one that minimizes her total expected cost. Motivated by the buyer’s urgency (or the lack of it) of time for completing the qualification process, we obtain optimal mechanisms for two testing environments: (1) simultaneous testing, where in each stage, the buyer selects a subset of those suppliers who have passed all the previous stages and tests them simultaneously; and (2) nonsimultaneous testing, where the simultaneous-testing requirement is not imposed. Under simultaneous testing, the admission policy for selecting suppliers at each stage is based on nonuniform reserve-price thresholds. Under nonsimultaneous testing, too, the admission policy is threshold based, but the selection process is sequential in nature. The relative increase in cost due to the simultaneous-testing requirement is (under a mild condition) monotonically increasing in the number of suppliers, the expected multistage testing cost, and the overall passing probability. We also study the optimal sequencing of the qualification stages and show that the buyer should schedule the stages in increasing order of the ratio of their testing cost to their failing probability. Finally, for the simpler setting of a single-stage qualification process and a single supplier, we study a two-dimensional mechanism design problem where, in addition to cost, the passing probability is also private to the supplier. Here, too, threshold-based admission remains optimal, and the buyer offers either a pooling or a separating contract. The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2017.0664 .
Synthesis, Characterization and Their Antimicrobial Activities of Boron Oxide/Poly(Acrylic Acid) Nanocomposites: Thermal and Antimicrobial Properties
Authors: Beyli P. T. , Doğan M. , Gündüz Z. , Alkan M. , Turhan Y. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Boron oxide (B2O3)/Poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) nanocomposites were synthesized by solution intercalation method, and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR-ATR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetric analysis (DTA/TG). The effect of boron oxide amount on the thermal stability of nanocomposites was investigated. Moreover, the antimicrobial activities of them were also determined by the serial dilution method against E. coli and S. aureus. XRD analysis showed that boron oxide was homogenously dispersed in polymer matrix; FTIR-ATR that there was interaction between PAA and boron oxide; and TEM that boron oxide particles had spherical structure, and dispersed in nano size in polymer matrix; DTA/TG that the thermal stability of polymers increased with the adding of boron oxide into polymer matrix, and changed the decomposition mechanism of PAA. B2O3/PAA nanocomposites exhibited higher decomposition temperature. The decomposition mechanisms of PAA and its nanocomposites occurred through three decomposition steps; dehydration, decarboxylation and chain scission. B2O3/PAA nanocomposites showed greater antimicrobial activity with increasing B2O3 amount.
DNA testing of edible crabs from seafood shops on the Odisha coast, India
Authors: Rath Shibananda , Kumar Vikas , Kundu Shantanu , Tyagi Kaomud , Singha Devkant , Chakraborty Rajasree , Chatterjee Sumantika 
Published: April 2018

AbstractSeafood consumption is highly demanding due to the important source of protein it contains, as well as being rich in omega-3 fatty acids. However, the adulteration of seafood is an alarming issue worldwide, including India. This study deals with edible crabs from seafood shops on the Odisha state coast in eastern India. The generated DNA barcode sequences successfully identified most of the studied brachyuran crab species by similarity search results in global databases. The species were also delimited by significant genetic divergence and Neighbour-Joining phylogeny. Additionally, the study detected the contamination of unknown organisms in the commercialized crab recipes from seafood shops. The DNA based species detection of brachyuran crab may be useful to resolve many ambiguities in species identification and monitoring of commercialized seafood concerning food safety.