bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Controlling Ion Uptake in Carboxylated Mixed Conductors
Authors: Sun Zeyuan , Sun Mengting , Qin Siyu , Wang Meng , Zheng Yulong , Khau Brian , Li Han , Gartner Thomas E. , Takacs Christopher J , Reichmanis Elsa 
Published: December 2024

AbstractOrganic mixed ionic‐electronic conductors (OMIECs) have garnered significant attention due to their capacity to transport both ions and electrons, making them ideal for applications in energy storage, neuromorphics, and bioelectronics. However, charge compensation mechanisms during the polymer redox process remain poorly understood, and are often oversimplified as single‐ion injection with little attention to counterion effects. To advance understanding and design strategies toward next‐generation OMIEC systems, a series of p‐channel carboxylated mixed conductors is investigated. Varying side‐chain functionality, distinctive swelling character is uncovered during electrochemical doping/dedoping with model chao‐/kosmotropic electrolytes. Carboxylic acid functionalized polymers demonstrate strong deswelling and mass reduction during doping, indicating cation expulsion, while ethoxycarbonyl counterparts exhibit prominent mass increase, pointing to an anion‐driven doping mechanism. By employing operando grazing incidence X‐ray fluorescence (GIXRF), it is revealed that the carboxyl functionalized polymer engages in robust cation interaction, whereas ester functionalization shifts the mechanism towards no cation involvement. It is demonstrated that cations are pivotal in mitigating swelling by counterbalancing anions, enabling efficient anion uptake without compromising performance. These findings underscore the transformative influence of functionality‐driven factors and side‐chain chemistry in governing ion dynamics and conduction, providing new frameworks for designing OMIECs with enhanced performance and reduced swelling.
Far‐Field Ultrasound Imaging with Subwavelength Resolution through Heterogeneous Medium Using Metagrating Illumination
Authors: Lu Liyang , Zhang Chuanxin , Jiang Xue 
Published: December 2024

AbstractUltrasound imaging technology is crucial for diagnostics in both biomedical and industrial fields. However, pushing the boundaries of resolution and overcoming difficulties presented by complex environments remain challenging. Traditionally, diffraction limits resolution due to the loss of valuable subwavelength information carried by evanescent waves. Scattering further complicates imaging through intricate materials or obstructions. Here, we presented an approach for achieving far‐field subwavelength resolution ultrasound imaging through heterogeneous mediums is presented. This method converts inaccessible evanescent wave into detectable propagating waves. These waves are then captured by a far‐field hydrophone and use in conjunction with the joint‐sparsity algorithm to reconstruct the object. These results demonstrate a remarkable resolution of 1/5λ, significantly surpassing the diffraction limit. This subwavelength imaging performance exhibits remarkable stability even in the presence of unwanted scatterers. The two‐dimensional imaging results and the influence of measurement parameters are further explored. These findings suggest that the combination of metagrating illumination and the joint‐sparsity algorithm offers a promising avenue for recovering subwavelength object information in the far‐field, eliminating the need for near‐field markers. This work paves the way for high‐fidelity subwavelength ultrasound imaging in heterogeneous environments, holding promising potential for advancements in biomedical imaging, nondestructive testing, and other related fields.
High‐Performance Broadband Photodetector with Lateral Contact of n+‐Si Wafer by Two Asymmetric Work‐Function Electrodes
Authors: Dahiya Sandeep , Pandey Utkarsh , Hazra Sobhan , Chakraborty Rajarshi , Pramanik Subarna , Maurya Pushpendra Prakash , Pal Bhola Nath 
Published: December 2024

AbstractA high‐performance broadband photodetector (PD) has been fabricated by using a heavily doped n‐type silicon substrate (n+‐Si) in a lateral photodiode geometry. This self‐biased photodiode fabrication required only two asymmetric work‐function electrodes deposited on top of a clean n+‐Si substrate. Specifically, LiF/Al and MoOx /Ag are used as electrodes where LiF and MoO3 work as n+‐Si/electrode interface layers for Al and Ag electrodes respectively. These two electrodes have a work function difference of ≈1.1 eV which is measured by ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy study. Under dark, this lateral contact device shows a rectifying behavior with reverse‐to‐forward current ratio of ≈5.3 × 103 under ±1 V external bias. Moreover, this device shows a very high photoresponse with a dark‐to‐light current ratio (IL/ID) of 2.15 × 104 under white light illumination (600 W m−2) at −1 V operating voltage. Besides, the device shows external quantum efficiency (EQE) of ≈16.1% under self‐biasing (Vext = 0 V) conditions which reaches to 30.2% at −1 V external bias, whereas the device has responsivity (Rλ) and detectivity (D) of 10.2 A W−1 and 9.1 × 1012 Jones, respectively under self‐biasing condition. The peak responsivity (Rλ) and detectivity (D) of these devices reaches to 17.5 A W−1 and 1.6 × 1013 Jones under −1 V external bias.
High Strength and Dynamically Tunable Adhesion Enabled by Composite Micropillar Arrays Fabricated via Solvent‐Assisted Molding
Authors: Stabile Christopher J. , Turner Kevin T. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe ability to control adhesion on demand is important for a broad range of applications, including the gripping and manipulation of objects in robotics and manufacturing, and the temporary attachment of wearable devices. Despite recent advances in tunable adhesive materials, most existing solutions have modest adhesion strength and are limited by a compromise between the maximum and minimum adhesion, where increased strength prevents the release of lighter objects. To overcome these challenges, thermally responsive polymers, which can exhibit both high stiffness and a large reduction in stiffness via heating, have the potential to enable strong and tunable adhesion. Here, a microstructured composite adhesive with high strength (>2 MPa) and dynamically tunable adhesion (16×) is realized using a solvent‐assisted molding technique. The adhesive consists of an array of composite micropillars whose small scale and material composition enable strong and tunable adhesion. While thermally actuated systems often have slow response times, it is shown that miniaturization allows response times to be reduced to <1s for heating and <10s for cooling. These strong, fast, and dynamically tunable adhesives offer advantages over existing solutions and can be manufactured for practical adoption through the scalable solvent‐assisted molding technique.
Chemo‐/Regioselective [5+1] Annulation with gem‐Difluoromethylene Allenes for the Assembly of Fluorinated 2H‐Chromenes and Dihydroquinolines
Authors: Lin Zhensheng , Cai Ying , Ye Junwei , Chen Kaifeng , Zheng Jieni , Zhou Linxin , Zhou Zhi , Yi Wei 
Published: December 2024

AbstractA variety of fluorinated 2H‐chromenes and dihydroquinolines was synthesized by virtue of gem‐difluoromethylene allenes as versatile coupling partners to participate in the transition metal‐catalysed cascade C−H activation/[5+1] annulation of 2‐alkenylphenols/anilines. This protocol features specific chemo‐/regioselectivity, redox‐neutral manner and good compatibility, providing a straightforward synthetic route to intriguing motifs with the equipment of attractive fluoroalkenyl moiety. The distinctive gem‐difluorine effect induced an unexpected protonolysis of σ carbon‐metal bond, thus accounting for the observed selectivity via sequential C−H activation/allene insertion/protonolysis/cyclization/β‐F elimination process.
Biomimetic Versatile Anisotropic, Electroactive Cellulose Hydrogel Scaffolds Tailored from Fern Stem Serving as Nerve Conduit and Cardiac Patch
Authors: Liang Qinghui , Chen Shuhui , Hua Shaofeng , Jiang Weihong , Zhan Jiamian , Pu Chunyi , Lin Rurong , He Yutong , Hou Honghao , Qiu Xiaozhong 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPeripheral nerve injury (PNI) and myocardial infarction (MI) are the two most clinically common soft excitable tissue injuries. Both nerve and cardiac tissues exhibit structural anisotropy and electrophysiological activity, providing a wide range of biophysical cues for cell and tissue repair. However, balancing microstructural anisotropy, electroactivity, and biocompatibility is challenging. To address this issue, Dicranopteris linearis (D. linearis) is proposed as a low‐perceived value fern plant. Moreover, to enhance its usefulness, it can be designed into a tubular structure and a lamellar structure to bridge the damaged tissue. Therefore, a robust yet simple top‐down approach is proposed to designing and fabricating the desired biomimetic versatile hydrogels orienting from the D. linearis to customize for different soft excitable tissue repair applications. These anisotropic electroactive hydrogels performed well as nerve guidance conduits (NGC) and engineered cardiac patches (ECP) in the repair of PNI and MI, respectively. Two birds, one stone. Accordingly, the biomimetic strategy of D. linearis to NGC and D. linearis to ECP is first proposed, opening a new horizon for constructing tissue engineering using natural sources.
Smad1 Promotes Tumorigenicity and Chemoresistance of Glioblastoma by Sequestering p300 From p53
Authors: Gong Lingli , Xu Daxing , Ni Kaixiang , Li Jie , Mao Wei , Zhang Bo , Pu Zhening , Fang Xiangming , Yin Ying , Ji Li , Wang Jingjing , Hu Yaling , Meng Jiao , Zhang Rui , Jiao Jiantong , Zou Jian 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAcetylation is critically required for p53 activation, though it remains poorly understood how p53 acetylation is regulated in glioblastoma (GBM). This study reveals that p53 acetylation is a favorable prognostic marker for GBM, regardless of p53 status, and that Smad1, a key negative regulator of p53 acetylation, is involved in this process. Smad1 forms a complex with p53 and p300, inhibiting p300's interaction with p53 and leading to reduced p53 acetylation and increased Smad1 acetylation in GBM. This results in enhanced tumor growth and resistance to chemotherapy, particularly in tumors with missense mutant p53. Acetylation of K373 is found to be essential for Smad1's oncogenic function but does not confer chemoresistance in the absence of p53. Through molecular docking, it is discovered that Smad1 and p53 both interact with the acetyltransferase domain of p300, but at different amino acid sites. Disturbing the interface of Smad1 through amino acid mutations abolishes the Smad1‐p300 complex and promotes p53 acetylation. Therefore, a small molecule is identified through virtual screening that specifically disrupts the Smad1‐p300 interaction, offering a promising strategy for inhibiting GBM and increasing chemosensitivity by inhibiting Smad1 acetylation and restoring p53 acetylation.
Precision Adverse Drug Reactions Prediction with Heterogeneous Graph Neural Network
Authors: Gao Yang , Zhang Xiang , Sun Zhongquan , Chandak Payal , Bu Jiajun , Wang Haishuai 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAccurate prediction of Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) at the patient level is essential for ensuring patient safety and optimizing healthcare outcomes. Traditional machine learning‐based methods primarily focus on predicting potential ADRs for drugs, but they often fall short of capturing the complexity of individual demographics and the variations in ADRs experienced by different people. In this study, a novel framework called Precise Adverse Drug Reaction (PreciseADR) for patient‐level ADR prediction is proposed. The approach effectively integrates relations between patients and ADRs, and harnesses the power of heterogeneous Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) to address the limitations of traditional methods. Specifically, a heterogeneous graph representation of patients is constructed, encompassing nodes that represent patients, diseases, drugs, and ADRs. By leveraging edges in the graph, crucial connections are captured such as a patient being affected by diseases, taking specific drugs, and experiencing ADRs. Next, a GNN‐based model is utilized to learn latent representations of the patient nodes and facilitate the propagation of information throughout the graph structure. By employing patient embeddings that consider their diseases and drugs, potential ADRs can be accurately predicted. The PreciseADR is dedicated to effectively capturing both local and global dependencies within the heterogeneous graph, allowing for the identification of subtle patterns and interactions that play a significant role in ADRs. To evaluate the performance of the approach, extensive experiments are conducted on a large‐scale real‐world healthcare dataset with adverse reports from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS). Experimental results demonstrate that the PreciseADR achieves superior predictive performance in identifying patient‐level ADRs, surpassing the strongest baseline by 3.2% in AUC score and by 4.9% in Hit@10.
RNA Polymerase RPOTp is Involved in C‐to‐U RNA Editing at Multiple Sites in Arabidopsis Chloroplasts
Authors: Ali Nadia Ahmed , Song Wenjian , Zhang Yayi , Xing Jiani , Su Kexing , Sun Xingxing , Sun Yujia , Jiang Yizhou , Wu Dianxing , Zhao Xiaobo 
Published: December 2024

AbstractRPOTp is the nuclear‐encoded plastid‐targeted RNA polymerase and plays a crucial role in chloroplast gene expression. Transcripts in plant organelles are altered by the conversion of cytidine (C) to uridine (U) at specific positions through RNA editing. However, whether RPOTp is involved in chloroplast RNA editing remains unclear. Here, the role of RPOTp in C‐to‐U RNA editing at multiple sites in Arabidopsis chloroplasts is uncovered. Multiple organellar RNA editing factor 2 (MORF2) is required for the editing of most sites in chloroplasts. RPOTp is identified from the co‐immunoprecipitation targets of MORF2. The sca3‐2 mutant, defective in RPOTp, exhibits a pale‐yellow phenotype and alters the RNA editing of nine sites in chloroplasts. It is also shown that RNA editing is uncoupled from chloroplast transcriptional activity. RPOTp directly interacts with chloroplast multiple‐site RNA editing factors, including MORF2, MORF8, MORF9, and ORRM1. It is further shown that RPOTp participates in RNA editing by influencing the dimerization of MORF proteins. The defect in RPOTp impairs the expression of most chloroplast genes, indicating an indispensable role for RPOTp in chloroplast gene expression. These findings reveal that RPOTp not only participates in transcription but also has a novel role in RNA editing of chloroplast transcripts.
A Promising Approach to Ultra‐Flexible 1 Ah Lithium–Sulfur Batteries Using Oxygen‐Functionalized Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Heo Junyoung , Hong Jeong‐Won , Gu Ha Won , Sung Junghwan , Kim Dong‐Hee , Kim Jung Hoon , Kang Sung , Lee You‐Jin , Choi Hye Young , Kim Doohun , Baeg Kang‐Jun , Han Joong Tark , Park Jun‐Woo 
Published: December 2024

AbstractLithium–sulfur (Li‐S) batteries represent a promising solution for achieving high energy densities exceeding 500 Wh kg−1, leveraging cathode materials with theoretical energy densities up to 2600 Wh kg−1. These batteries are also cost‐effective, abundant, and environment‐friendly. In this study, an innovative approach is proposed utilizing highly oxidized single‐walled carbon nanotubes (Ox‐SWCNTs) as a conductive fibrous scaffold and functional interlayer in sulfur cathodes and separators, respectively, to demonstrate large‐area and ultra‐flexible Li‐S batteries with enhanced energy density. The free‐standing sulfur cathodes in the Li‐S cells exhibit high energy density maintaining 806 mAh g−1 even after 100 charge‐discharge cycles. Additionally, oxygen‐containing functional groups on the SWCNTs significantly improve electrochemical performance by promoting the adsorption of lithium polysulfides. Employing Ox‐SWCNTs in both cathodes and interlayers, the study achieves high‐capacity Li‐S pouch cells that consistently deliver a capacity of 1.06 Ah and a high energy density of 909 mAh g−1 over 50 charge‐discharge cycles. This strategy not only significantly enhances the electrochemical performance of Li‐S batteries but also maintains excellent mechanical flexibility under severe deformation, positioning this Ox‐SWCNT‐based architecture as a viable, light‐weight, and ultra‐flexible energy storage solution suitable for commercializing rechargeable Li‐S batteries.
Large Spin Hall Efficiency and Current‐Induced Magnetization Switching in Ferromagnetic Heusler Alloy Co2MnAl‐Based Magnetic Trilayers
Authors: Wang Mingzhi , Pan Chang , Xie Nian , Qiu Xuepeng , Li Yufei , Lang Lili , Wang Shiqiang , Cheng Dashuai , Fan Weijia , Zhou Shi‐Ming , Shi Zhong 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe spin Hall efficiency (ξ) is a crucial parameter that evaluates the charge‐to‐spin conversion capability of a material, and thus materials with higher ξ are highly desirable in spin–orbit torque (SOT) devices. Recent studies have highlighted the use of ferromagnetic materials as robust spin sources, paving the way for the development of more efficient SOT devices. To accelerate this innovation, it is essential to pursue ferromagnetic materials of high ξ. Here the experimental observation of a large spin Hall efficiency is reported in ferromagnetic Heusler alloy Co2MnAl (CMA)‐based magnetic trilayers. Utilizing the current‐induced hysteresis loop shift technique, the spin Hall efficiency is determined to be 0.077 for the B2‐phase and 0.029 for the disordered CMA. Notably, magnetization switching both with and without the application of an external auxiliary magnetic field were achieved in these trilayers. The enhancement of ξ is attributed to the formation of chemical ordering in CMA. These findings provide new avenues for the development of ferromagnet‐based SOT devices.
Liquid–Solid Triboelectric Nanogenerator‐Based DNA Barcode Detection Biosensor for Species Identification
Authors: Ma Wenlong , Li Jiawei , Qu Xiaolin , Sun Shao‘e , Zhou Yanan , Liu Yitong , Wang Peng , Sha Zhongli 
Published: December 2024

AbstractDNA barcode detection method is widely applied for species identification, which is imperative to evaluate the effect of human economic activities on the biodiversity of ecosystem. However, the wide utilization of existing detection biosensors is limited by bulky and expensive instruments, such as Raman spectroscopy and electrochemical station. Herein, a liquid–solid triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG)‐based DNA barcode detection biosensor is proposed, which consists of water flow, fluid channel, and PDMS film attached by specifically designed capture probe. Through sequentially combining capture probe, targeted DNA barcode, and signal probe with Au nanoparticles (NPs), the surface charge density of friction layer of TENG decreases under the effect of AuNPs, verified by the density functional theory (DFT) method. Consequently, the peak value of output current spike signal for targeted DNA is smaller than that for other DNA, which is the working mechanism of the present TENG‐based biosensor. Such biosensor successfully recognizes Alvinocaris muricola among different types of Alvinocarididae shrimps, and its low limit detection can reach 1×10−12 m. The present work provides a paradigm‐shift way to develop an inexpensive and accurate technique to detect DNA barcode for species identification, and paves a novel way for the application of liquid–solid TENG.
Non‐Invasive Photoacoustic Cerebrovascular Monitoring of Early‐Stage Ischemic Strokes In Vivo
Authors: Kim Jiwoong , Kweon Joo Young , Choi Seongwook , Jeon Hyunseo , Sung Minsik , Gao Rongkang , Liu Chengbo , Kim Chulhong , Ahn Yong Joo 
Published: December 2024

AbstractEarly‐stage stroke monitoring enables timely intervention that is crucial to minimizing neuronal damage and increasing the extent of recovery. By monitoring collateral circulation and neovascularization after ischemic stroke, the natural recovery process can be better understood, optimize further treatment strategies, and improve the prognosis. Photoacoustic computed tomography (PACT), a non‐invasive imaging modality that captures multiparametric high‐resolution images of vessel structures, is well suited for evaluating cerebrovascular structures and their function. Here 3D multiparametric transcranial PACT is implemented to monitor the early stage of a photothrombotic (PT)‐stroke model in living rats. New vessels in the PT‐induced region are successfully observed using PACT, and these observations are confirmed by histology. Then, using multiparametric PACT, it is found that the SO2 in the ischemic area decreases while the SO2 in newly formed vessels increases, and the SO2 in the PT region also recovers. These findings demonstrate PACT's remarkable ability to image and monitor cerebrovascular morphologic and physiological changes. They highlight the usefulness of whole‐brain PACT as a potentially powerful tool for early diagnosis and therapeutic decision‐making in treating ischemic stroke.
Interfacial cfDNA Enrichment and Amplification with On‐Chip Thermoplasmonics for Highly Sensitive Cancerous Liquid Biopsy
Authors: Wang Danhua , Liu Linlin , Chi Wenjing , Liu Zhenping , Wu Jiayun , Liang Yirou , He Fei , Zhang Ruixiang , Huang Pengxin , Li Yunbo , Qiu Guangyu 
Published: December 2024

AbstractTumor‐derived cell‐free DNA (cfDNA) has been exploited as an effective liquid biopsy biomarker for early cancer diagnosis. However, the fragmented and low‐abundance nature in circulating blood pose challenges for highly sensitive cfDNA quantification. Herein, a multifunctional plasmonic biosensor termed Interfacial cfDNA Enrichment, Amplification and Sensing with on‐chip Thermoplasmonics (INEAST) is developed for cfDNA‐based liquid biopsy and lung cancer diagnosis. The INEAST biosensor achieved in situ thermoregulation and label‐free cfDNA biosensing by simultaneously harnessing interfacial thermoplasmonics and localized surface plasmon resonance. Typical cfDNA biomarkers, including epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), tumor protein 53 (TP53), phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN), and cyclin‐dependent kinase inhibitor (CDKN2A), are quantified with detection limits down to femtomolar‐level. Through further validation using blood samples from lung cancer patients, the proposed INEAST bioassays demonstrated superior reliability for lung cancer screening, particularly when combined with clinically available tumor‐protein metrics. This study demonstrated that the INEAST biosensor enables rapid and sensitive cfDNA quantification, yielding a promising and compatible liquid biopsy for early‐stage lung cancer diagnosis.