bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nurses' and Midwives' Experiences of Clinical Supervision in Practice: A Scoping Review
Authors: Gill‐Meeley Nicola , Smyth Siobhan , Frawley Timmy , Hernon Orlaith , Cuddihy Ciaran 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAimTo understand the extent and type of evidence that exists related to nurses' and midwives' experiences of participating in clinical supervision and ascertain how clinical supervision is defined in the literature.DesignA scoping review of peer reviewed research.Data SourcesCINAHL Complete (EBSCOhost), MEDLINE (Ovid), PsycINFO (EBSCO), Embase (Elsevier) and the Cochrane Library were searched for relevant articles published between 2010 and 2024.Review MethodsThe scoping review followed the JBI methodology.Reporting MethodPRISMA‐ScR.ResultsForty‐three articles were included, qualitative, quantitative, mixed methods studies and three reviews were found describing nurses' and midwives' experiences of clinical supervision. The studies identified were carried out across 15 countries and reported on experiences of group clinical supervision, one to one clinical supervision or both, more recent studies included a focus on group clinical supervision. All definitions found are reported, and although these varied, there were frequently used terms common in many.ConclusionAlthough some evidence exists on how nurses and midwives experience clinical supervision gaps in evidence and detail of supervision practices remain. Inconsistencies of approach to this practice remain and specific detail relating to clinical supervision explored in existing research is frequently lacking. The lack of a universally accepted definition highlighted may influence inconsistences in clinical supervision, key terms identified in this review may assist in the development of a definition. Further research into this support is required to establish its value in practice.ImpactThis scoping review progresses the ongoing debate that clinical supervision is a valuable support for nurses' and midwives' but the absence of evidence is an indication that clinical supervision is not fully understood nor is visible in practice. To this end, this review highlights that the lack of consensus on a clinical supervision definition causes ambiguity thus reducing the use of this support for nurses and midwives.Patient or Public ContributionThere was no patient or public contribution to this paper as it is a review paper that seeks information on research available on a professional support.Protocol registration@ Open science Framework: identifier 10.17605/OSF.IO/QNKUR
Using Collective Intelligence to Develop Design Requirements for a Complex Intervention for Advance Care Planning in the Community
Authors: Pilch Monika , Hayes Catherine B. , Harney Owen , Doyle Frank , Thomas Stephen , Cooper Lunt Victoria , Hogan Michael 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundEngaging people in advance care planning is a challenging systemic problem that requires a social innovation approach and a conceptual framework to guide behavioural and social change efforts.AimTo identify stakeholders' perspectives on barriers to advance care planning engagement, options for overcoming these barriers, and user needs. The findings will inform the design of a health behaviour change intervention for engaging older adults (50+) in advance care planning.DesignTo advance co‐production and intervention design goals, the study used collective intelligence and scenario‐based design methods.MethodsFollowing a systematic stakeholder analysis, 22 participants were recruited to three online collective intelligence sessions. The socioecological perspective informed framing of integrated findings and specifying factors at the individual, interpersonal, service, and system levels.ResultsIdentified barriers (n = 109) were grouped into seven categories: (i) Psychological, (ii) Advance Care Planning Literacy, (iii) Interpersonal and Interprofessional, (iv) Service‐Related, (v) Resources and Supports, (vi) Advance Care Planning Process and Methods, (vii) Cultural and Societal. Stakeholders generated 222 options for overcoming these barriers and specified 230 service user needs. The need to change perceptions of advance care planning, increase psychological readiness, and target advance care planning literacy was highlighted (individual‐level). Timely, focused, and meaningful interaction between the key ACP actors must be facilitated using creative strategies (interpersonal‐level). Need‐ and value‐based services, including high quality resources, support systems, and infrastructure, should be co‐designed (service‐level). Cultural and societal transformation is required (system‐level).ConclusionFindings integration offered insight into the complexity of the design context and problem situation and identified directions for context‐specific advance care planning intervention development. The use of design thinking methodologies is recommended for the next phase of complex intervention development.ImplicationsThe study presents a roadmap of actions required from policy‐makers, practitioners, and researchers to ensure the design of adequate advance care planning interventions.Reporting MethodQuality of reporting was assured by adherence to Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ) guidelines (International Journal for Quality in Health Care, 19, 2007, 349).Patient or Public ContributionPatient and public representatives participated in the collective intelligence sessions. Members of the All Ireland Institute of Hospice and Palliative Care Voices4Care facilitated that process. Findings from the first CI session (involving patients and caregivers) informed the content, format, and methods used in subsequent CI sessions.
Evaluation of dysmenorrhea changes in patients undergoing cervical dilatation: Does it work?
Authors: Keskin Ilkhan , Günkaya Osman Samet , Tekin Arzu Bilge , Yassa Murat , Tuğ Niyazi 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo demonstrate that cervical dilation will relieve symptoms in women with primary dysmenorrhea.Materials and MethodsIn this retrospective cohort study, 30 patients were included in the study group and 30 patients were included in the control group. Age, sex, occupation, education level, duration of dysmenorrhea, and presence of dyspareunia were recorded for all patients. Dilation and hysteroscopy were performed on indicated patients in the study group. In both groups, pain and dysmenorrhea levels were assessed preoperatively and at 1 and 2 months postoperatively using the “Visual Analog Score,” “Facial Pain Scale,” “Quality of Life Questionnaire,” and “Quality of Life Questionnaire Health Status Scale.”ResultsThere were no statistically significant differences in the results of VAS, Facial Pain Scale, Quality of Life Questionnaire, Quality of Life Questionnaire Health Status Scale before the procedure between the two groups (MWU(Z) = −0.354, p: 0.753), (MWU(Z) = −1.680, p: 0.093), (MWU(Z) = −0.787, p: 0.431), (MWU(Z) = −1.557, p: 0.119, respectively). Although there were no statistically significant differences in the control group survey scores in the second survey, the scores in all surveys in the study group were statistically significant (p < .05).ConclusionThis study shows that the complaints of the patients decrease in the short and medium term after cervical dilatation.
Collagen Hydrolysates as Nutritional Support in Canine Osteoarthritis: A Narrative Review
Authors: Blees Niels R. , Teunissen Michelle , Dobenecker Britta , Prawitt Janne , Tryfonidou Marianna A. , Jan Corbee Ronald 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTOsteoarthritis (OA) is a common disease in dogs with severe impact on their welfare. The multimodal management of OA includes feeding therapeutic diets and nutraceuticals to slow down OA progression. Collagen hydrolysates (CH) are a nutritional supplement that may exert anabolic effects on osteoarthritic joint cartilage as well as disease‐modifying effects. After oral intake, CH is absorbed, mainly as amino acids, di‐ and tripeptides that are transported amongst others to the joint. In addition to reducing cartilage degradation, CH metabolites may reduce synovial inflammation and subchondral bone sclerosis during OA. Preliminary evidence in dogs suffering from the consequences of OA support the clinical efficacy of CH with reported reductions in lameness. However, effects on biomarker level of cartilage metabolism and inflammation are inconclusive. Additionally, current studies show a lack of standardised dosing regimens and the use of not validated outcomes. Future work should therefore elucidate further on the bioavailability of CH in dogs in order to establish adequate dosing recommendations. Furthermore, high‐quality placebo‐controlled randomised controlled trials are essential to dstudies have evaluated the cetermine the clinical efficacy of CH to reduce lameness, prevent OA progression and thereby improve the level of evidence.
“Why Would I Go Back There?”: Medical Mistrust and the Problem of Maternal Mortality
Authors: Vayo Amber B. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTWhat if we could save lives just by listening to women? “‘Why Would I go back There?’: Medical Mistrust and the Maternal Mortality Crisis” explores this question through birth narratives from people whose experiences made them hesitant to seek out any medical care. According to the CDC, over half of maternal mortality happens after people leave the hospital, and between 60% and 80% of maternal deaths are preventable. Understanding why these parents are not seeking care is integral to ending preventable maternal deaths. While health policy advocates have developed policies to remove structural and economic barriers to postpartum services, there are still patients who will not return to the hospital, even for lifesaving care. This article explores one possible reason why. Based on interviews with over 100 people who gave birth, this article joins scholars who view medical mistrust as a fundamental barrier to policy compliance. People will only return to the hospital if they think it will be better for them to do so. With an experience‐conscious view in mind, this article ends with relevant policy recommendations gathered from health programs designed to bring trust back into maternal care.
First and second language use in an early total one‐way Chinese immersion classroom
Authors: Liu Mengying , Tarone Elaine 
Published: November 2024

AbstractChinese immersion programs have been increasingly popular in US schools. However, we have insufficient data on young English‐speaking children's acquisition of Chinese as a second language in these programs, and specifically on social contextual variables systematically promoting or hindering Chinese language use. Taking a variationist sociolinguistic approach, this mixed‐methods case study identifies interlocutor and task as central social variables that most significantly condition the use, and therefore the acquisition, of Chinese by second graders attending an early total one‐way Chinese immersion program in the United States. The idiosyncratic social roles learners played with different interlocutors in carrying out classroom tasks and activities help account for their use of Chinese or English, with implications for future research on second language acquisition and pedagogy in one‐way language immersion education.
Source vs sink limitations on tree growth: from physiological mechanisms to evolutionary constraints and terrestrial carbon cycle implications
Authors: Trugman Anna T. , Anderegg Leander D. L. 
Published: November 2024

SummaryThe potential for widespread sink‐limited plant growth has received increasing attention in the literature in the past few years. Despite recent evidence for sink limitations to plant growth, there are reasons to be cautious about a sink‐limited world view. First, source‐limited vegetation models do a reasonable job at capturing geographic patterns in plant productivity and responses to resource limitations. Second, from an evolutionary perspective, it is nonadaptive for plants to invest in increasing carbon assimilation if growth is primarily sink‐limited. In this review, we synthesize the potential evidence for and underlying physiology of sink limitation across terrestrial ecosystems and contrast mechanisms of sink limitation with those of source‐limited productivity. We highlight evolutionary restrictions on the magnitude of sink limitation at the organismal level. We also detail where mechanisms regulating sink limitation at the organismal and ecosystem scale (e.g. the terrestrial carbon sink) diverge. Although we find that there is currently no direct evidence for widespread organismal sink limitation, we propose a series of follow‐up growth chamber manipulations, systematized measurements, and modeling experiments targeted at diagnosing nonadaptive buildup of excess nonstructural carbohydrates that will help illuminate the prevalence and magnitude of organismal sink limitation.
Factors associated with myopia in the Portuguese child population: An epidemiological study
Authors: Sánchez‐Tena Miguel Ángel , Martinez‐Perez Clara , Andreu‐Vázquez Cristina , Roque Ana , Alvarez‐Peregrina Cristina 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPurposeMyopia, a leading cause of correctable visual impairment, is projected to affect nearly 50% of the global population by 2050, posing a significant public health challenge. Understanding its prevalence and associated factors, particularly in children, is crucial for devising prevention and intervention strategies. This study aims to determine the proportion of myopia in school‐aged children in Portugal and to examine the correlation between myopia occurrence and various environmental and genetic factors.MethodsA cross‐sectional epidemiological study was conducted on children aged from 5 to 17 years from nine schools in Lisbon, Portugal, between September 2020 and May 2021. It included optometric assessments to evaluate refractive status and binocular vision, as well as questionnaires about their lifestyles and parental myopia.ResultsOut of 1992 participants enrolled, 12.7% of the children were found to be myopic. The proportion of myopia increased with age and was higher in girls. A significant association was observed between myopia and parental history, with the likelihood being higher if one or both parents were myopic. Engaging in outdoor activities was associated with a lower likelihood of myopia.ConclusionsThe study found that 12.7% of the children in the study sample, aged 5–17 years, were myopic, indicating a significant association with familial history and limited outdoor activities. These insights highlight the need for targeted myopia screening and prevention strategies in the paediatric population.
Occipital nerve stimulation: A detailed description of a surgical approach and a discussion on implantation techniques
Authors: Meier Kaare , Fogh‐Andersen Ida Stisen , Sørensen Jens Christian Hedemann 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectiveOccipital Nerve Stimulation (ONS) is increasingly used to treat a range of chronic, refractory headache conditions, most notably chronic cluster headache (CCH).Despite this, there is still no consensus on the optimal implantation technique. Clinical reports and reviews in the field have reported remarkably high complication rates of which several can be directly related to the surgical approach.We here describe a comprehensive and detailed surgical approach used at Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark, aiming to improve paresthesia coverage and minimize complications.MethodsThe implantation procedure described here is performed with a sleep‐awake anesthetic regimen in a lateral position using anatomical landmarks and perioperative testing based on patient feedback. A single lead is subcutaneously implanted from behind the ear and across the back of the head, and the implantable pulse generator (IPG) is placed below the right clavicle.ResultsFrom March 2018 to June 2024, 45 CCH patients were implanted using this approach and followed up for a total of 86.3 patient years. A total of 22 adverse events (AEs) occurred in 17 patients, with nine AEs requiring revision surgery. Notably, no instances of lead migration, lead breakage, or muscle/neck stiffness were observed. Temporary occipital dysesthesia was the most frequent non‐surgical AE, resolving spontaneously within weeks. The rate of serious adverse events (SAEs) was one per 9.6 patient years. Six patients had the ONS system explanted due to lack of efficacy.ConclusionsThe surgical approach described here in detail offers several advantages, with a favorable complication profile, satisfactory paresthesia coverage, and good perioperative patient comfort. Advances in the surgical technique are vital to both patients and healthcare providers, and we believe this approach is a valuable contribution toward improved patient outcomes and procedural efficiency.
Distributional, tax rate, and revenue implications of property tax homestead exemptions
Authors: Merriman David 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis paper provides a non‐technical exposition of what homestead exemptions accomplish. When homestead exemptions are not capitalized, they may result in increased tax rates. It is possible that the tax rate increases so much that eliminating exemptions could even lower the tax payment of a taxpayer who previously claimed an exemption. When we allow for full capitalization of both exemptions and tax rate changes, those who get the exemptions have no gain because the appreciation of their parcels increases their tax bill enough so that their tax payment is the same as it would have been without the exemption.
Spatiotemporal regulation of anther's tapetum degeneration paved the way for a reversible male sterility system in cotton
Authors: Verma Rishi Kumar , Singh Surendra Pratap , Singh Sudhir Pratap , Narayan Shiv , Verma Praveen C. , Sawant Samir V. 
Published: November 2024

SummaryMale sterility is an important agronomical trait in self‐pollinating plants for producing cost‐effective F1 hybrids to harness the heterosis. Still, large‐scale development and maintenance of male sterile lines and restoring fertility in F1 hybrids pose significant challenges in plant hybrid breeding. Cotton is a self‐pollinating crop and exhibits strong hybrid vigor. However, there are currently few breeding methods to achieve cost‐effective production of F1 hybrid cotton. Here, we utilized novel functions of the Arabidopsis autophagy‐related BECLIN1/ATG6 and a mutant of E3 ubiquitin ligase COP1 (COP1L105A) genes in developing rescuable male sterility in cotton. We have generated multiple male‐sterile (MS) and restorer (RS) cotton lines expressing BECLIN1 and COP1L105A, respectively. Cytological observation showed that post‐meiotic tapetal expression of BECLIN1 delays tapetum developmental programmed cell death (dPCD) by affecting reactive oxygen species (ROS) balance—this delay in dPCD results in early microspore defects and later small‐sized flowers with indehiscent anthers. Furthermore, the evaluation of F1 hybrids developed by crossing MS and RS lines showed that early tapetal COP1L105A expression abolishes expression of BECLIN1 resulting in normal tapetum degeneration, pollen development, and fertility. In addition, the F1 hybrid developed with MS and RS cotton lines in transgenic glass‐house and net‐house conditions showed the rescued fertility comparable with control plants (WT). In terms of cotton fiber productivity, the COP1L105A‐expressing transgenic cotton lines outperformed the WT. The current work effectively demonstrates the wider applicability of the new F1 cotton production system.
Judging for ourselves
Authors: Khoo Justin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSuppose I hear from a trusted friend that The Shining is scary. Believing them, I decide not to watch the film. Later, we're talking about the movie and I say, “The Shining is scary!” My assertion here is misleading and inappropriate—I misrepresent myself as having seen the film and judged whether it is scary. But why is this? In this paper, I clarify the scope of the observation, discuss existing explanations of it, and argue that they are all lacking. I argue that the observation is best explained as a particular instance of a general norm which holds that authorities should make assertions about matters in their authority only if they have judged those matters for themselves. Along the way, I offer a theory of judgment which distinguishes it from mere belief.
The roles of florivory and herbivory in maintaining intra‐population flower colour variation in Anemone coronaria
Authors: Saabna N. , Keasar T. , Sapir Y. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Most flowering plants are colour monomorphic, while within‐population flower colour variation is rare. Multiple selection agents on flower colour, each favouring a different colour morph, may drive such uncommon polymorphisms. We tested the role of biotic antagonistic interactions in maintaining flower colour variation in Anemone coronaria (Ranunculaceae), in colour‐polymorphic populations comprised of red, purple, and white flowers.
We estimated the extent of leaf herbivory and petal florivory in each flower colour morph in three populations over two flowering seasons. We categorized types of damage to four groups of herbivores and estimated the plant maternal fitness. We tested pollinator response to different levels (0–30%) of simulated florivory in experimental flower arrays.
Leaf and petal damage did not differ between white‐ and purple‐flowering plants. Red‐flowering plants had higher leaf damage than white‐flowering plants and higher petal damage than purple‐flowering plants. Nevertheless, all colour morphs had similar fitness. Red flowers exhibited more petal scratches (attributed to glaphyrid beetles), but fewer petal bites (attributed to caterpillars or grasshoppers), than white and purple flowers. Experimentally induced florivory did not reduce visits by potential pollinators in any colour morph.
Glaphyrid beetles are the major pollinators of red anemone flowers, suggesting that their service to red flowers as mutualists (pollinators) should be weighed against their disservice as antagonists (florivores). A balance between pollination service and petal scratch damage of red flowers, both mediated by Glaphyird beetles, may equalize fitness between the red and the purple/white colour morphs, contributing to colour polymorphism.