bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spruce tree-ring reductions in relation to air pollution and human diseases a case study from Southern Poland
Authors: Rutkiewicz Paweł , Malik Ireneusz 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
The study was conducted in two small municipalities in Małopolskie voivodeship in Southern Poland. Both municipalities are located in mountain basins in the Western Beskids mountain range.Cores were taken from trees growing near the centre of Rabka-Zdrój and Sucha Beskidzka in order to analyse the impact of contemporary air pollution on the health of tree stands. Annual tree rings developed during the era of high atmospheric pollution are usually narrower than the others. These municipalities were chosen due to their current air pollution problems despite their relatively small population.Local chronology, skeleton plots and calculated ring reductions were created for the sample trees. Temporal relationships between air pollution and a negative health reaction in trees and in people were also examined. To fulfil this objective the dates of occurrence of tree-ring reductions were compared with the concentration of particulates (PM10) in the atmosphere and also lung disease morbidity in the local population. Two periods of reduced annual tree rings were detected: first from the 1960s to the end of the 1980s (associated with industrial pollution) and more recently the years since 2003. Since 2003 reductions of annual tree rings have increased in parallel with increases in dust pollution. This reaction of trees to dust pollution was immediate. The negative reaction of trees preceded several years of increasing lung disease morbidity. This gives basic evidence to support the argument that tree ring reductions could be used as an early bioindicator for warning against the risk of air pollution. The aim of this work was to determine the periods of reduction in the annual growth of spruce growing near the centre of Rabka-Zdrój and Sucha Beskidzka. In addition, potential associations were sought between the time of occurrence of these periods and changes in air pollution and human disease.
Ignoring Digital Templating Leads to Prosthetic Overhang in Total Knee Replacement
Authors: Zadorožnijs Sergejs , Kalnbērzs Konstantīns 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Published studies on the accuracy of digital templating in total knee replacement (TKR) have employed standard knee, but not hip-to-ankle radiographs. A retrospective study was conducted in our hospital on patients undergoing TKR due to osteoarthritis in a period of six consecutive months. Templating was performed using a calibrating 25 mm metallic ball and Agfa Orthopaedic Tools software by a surgeon not involved with the operation. The surgeon performing the templating was blinded to the size of the implants inserted. Postoperative knee anteroposterior and lateral radiographs were then checked for the presence of prosthetic overhang of ≥ 3 mm. In total, 132 Caucasian adults were included in the study. Femoral overhang occurred in 33%, whereas tibial overhang in only 6% of cases. The exclusion of prosthetic overhang cases significantly improved the accuracy of size detection; exact match for femur increased from 55% to 69%, and for tibia from 70% to 73%. All implants were predicted to within one size in all cases. Digital templating using a calibrating 25 mm metallic ball, Agfa Orthopaedic Tools software and hip-to-ankle and knee lateral radiographs is an accurate method of predicting the knee implant to within one size. Ignoring this procedure leads to prosthetic overhang.
Descriptive Analysis of Acceptance by Prescribers and Economic Benefit of Pharmacist Recommended Interventions in a Critical Care Unit
Authors: Lee YoonJung , Gettman Lana 
Published: July 2018

Background: Pharmacist clinical intervention is defined as the action that identifies and prevents medication-related problems and optimizes patient’s medication therapy in cooperation with other healthcare professionals. Types of clinical interventions may vary, but each is patient specific. Few studies have focused on clinical pharmacists interventions in a critical care setting at a rural hospital.
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess physician acceptance rate of pharmacist-recommended interventions in the critical care unit (CCU) at a rural hospital over five years and to evaluate the economic benefit of accepted pharmacist-recommended interventions over a one-year time period.
Methods: This study was a retrospective chart review over a five-year time period. Each intervention was categorized and analyzed for acceptance or non-acceptance by the treating physician. Evaluation of economic benefit, cost saving and cost avoidance, for a one-year time period was performed.
Results: A total of 1275 interventions were documented during study period. The average acceptance rate for documented interventions was 56%. The acceptance rate by physicians increased over the study period; with the acceptance rate in 2013 being statistically significantly higher than any other years. The overall cost saving for selected interventions was $432 for the one year. The overall cost avoidance of all accepted interventions for the one year was $453,339.36-$468,327.62.
Conclusion: Clinical pharmacists provide various types of interventions to improve patient care. The analysis of potential cost saving and cost avoidance of selected interventions illustrated a positive economic outcome.

Conflict of Interest "We declare no conflicts of interest or financial interests that the authors or members of their immediate families have in any product or service discussed in the manuscript, including grants (pending or received), employment, gifts, stock holdings or options, honoraria, consultancies, expert testimony, patents and royalties".
Treatment of Human Subjects: IRB exemption granted

Type: Original Research
Concentrated Evolution of Global Banking and Develo- pment Strategy Adjustment of Chinaâ€™s Banking
Authors: Li Huanli , Fu Yaqi 
Published: July 2018

According to the studies based on theÂ British magazine The Banker and the data of theÂ central banks of the United States, Japan, and Britain,Â in the 1990s and the first decade of the 21st century,Â the trend of global concentration of banking andÂ country concentration were obvious. Although theÂ concentration trend of banking has slowed sinceÂ the international financial crisis, it is still runningÂ at a high level, which has changed the competitiveÂ environment and landscape of global banking. TheÂ development trend of global banking and the bankingÂ of traditional financial powers is from deconcentrationÂ to concentration. Different from it, the developmentÂ trend of Chinaâ€™s banking is obviously from concentration to deconcentration. In order to promote theÂ implementation of the internationalization strategy ofÂ Chinaâ€™s banking, we should make adjustments to theÂ financial system in terms of maintaining the relativeÂ concentration of banking, piloting the bank holdingÂ company system, and encouraging mainstream banksÂ to expand overseas business.
Taming grey rhinoceros: China needs to release financial risks urgently
Authors: Liu Shengjun 
Published: July 2018

At present, the â€œgrey rhinocerosâ€ in Chinaâ€™sÂ financial sector mainly exists in the real estate bubbleÂ and enterprise debt accumulation. In order to releaseÂ the financial risks accumulated in the past, on theÂ one hand, we should weaken the economic growthÂ indicators, resolve to eliminate the zombie enterprises,Â neutralize the monetary policy and change the incentiveÂ mechanism of the officialsâ€™ assessment. On the otherÂ hand, we should also encourage the ideologicalÂ emancipation to stabilize the expectation and furtherÂ promote streamlining government and delegatingÂ authorities.
Texture, microhardness and corrosion resistance of 316L stainless steel
Authors: Bakhtiari A. , Berenjani I. 
Published: July 2018

The texture, microhardness, and corrosion resistance of cold worked 316L steel were evaluated. The X-ray diffraction analysis in particular permitted to disclose and identify the main textures variations in the structure of the investigated steel after its deformation within the range 10 - 80%. The corrosion resistance was studied using Tafel polarization tests. It was shown that the increase in deformation degree drastically decreases the relative intensity of {111} planes. Besides, with high degree of cold deformation microhardness increases while corrosion resistance deteriorates. This article has been retracted. Link to the retraction
Pengaruh Brain Gym Terhadap Kadar Kortisol Selama Hospitalisasi Pada Anak Usia Pra-sekolah
Authors: Wilujeng Atik Pramesti 
Published: July 2018

Hospitalisasi membuat anak menjadi takut dan cemas sehingga bisa mempengaruhi lamanya hari perawatan. Brain gym membantu anak untuk dapat memanfaatkan seluruh potensi otak alamiahnya melalui gerakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh brain gym terhadap kadar kortisol anak prasekolah selama hospitalisasi. Peneliti menggunakan desain quasy experiment dengan melakukan penilaian kadar kortisol sebelum dan sesudah diberikan senam otak dan melibatkan kelompok kontrol sebagai pembanding. Responden yang terlibat pada penelitian ini anak usia 3-5 tahun yang diketahui mengalami cemas akibat hospitalisasi berjumlah 10 anak yang diambil menggunakan tehnik purposive sampling. Hasil paired t test pada kelompok perlakuan menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan kadar kortisol sebelum dan sesudah diberikan intervensi senam otak dengan nilai ρ = 0,012 sedangkan hasil uji paired t test pada kelompok kontrol menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan kadar kortisol sebelum dan sesudah diberikan intervensi senam otak dengan nilai ρ = 0,217. Senam otak merupakan metode gerak yang menimbulkan perasaan senang dan nyaman pada anak serta menurunkan kecemasan. Pemberian senam otak yang dikemas dengan pendekatan bermain maka kecemasan anak karena hospitalisasi menjadi berkurang. Pemberian senam otak dapat dikembangkan di ruang perawatan untuk membantu anak dalam relaksasi sehingga mengurangi kecemasan anak karena dirawat untuk memenuhi kenyamanan anak.
AKIBAT HUKUM PUTUSAN HAKIM YANG MENJATUHKAN PUTUSAN DILUAR SURAT DAKWAAN PENUNTUT UMUM
Authors: Ngape Hendrika Beatrix Aprilia 
Published: July 2018

Ketentuan Pasal 182 ayat (4) Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1981 tentang Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Acara mengatur bahwa hakim dalam menjatuhkan putusan didasarkan pada surat dakwaan dan fakta-fakta yang terungkap dalam persidangan. Hal ini berbeda terhadap 2 (dua) putusan yang dikaji, yaitu Putusan Pengadilan Negeri nomor: 17/PID.SUS/TPK/2014/PN.JKT.PST dengan terdakwa Susi Tur Andayani dan Putusan Pengadilan Negeri nomor : 314/Pid.Sus/2015/PN Rap dengan terdakwa Sukmadani alias SUMO. Hakim pada pengadilan negeri dan pengadilan tinggi menjatuhkan putusan yang hanya mendasarkan pada fakta-fakta persidangan, hal ini mengakibatkan putusan pengadilan negeri dan pengadilan tinggi tersebut batal demi hukum karena tidak sesuai dengan ketentuan Pasal 197 ayat (1) huruf c KUHAP sebagaimana yang diatur dalam Pasal 197 ayat (2) KUHAP. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Pendekatan perundang-undangan, pendekatan konseptual, dan pendekatan kasus. Kata Kunci : Hakim, Surat Dakwaan, Putusan Hakim
KEDUDUKAN HUKUM SALINAN AKTA NOTARIS DALAM HAL TERJADI MUSNAHNYA MINUTA AKTA
Authors: Priyandini Astari 
Published: July 2018

Kewajiban Notaris menyimpan minuta akta dinyatakan dalam 16 ayat (1)huruf b Undang-Undang Jabatan Notaris karena Protokol Notaris merupakan Arsip Negara. Ketentuan mengenai pengeluaran grosse akta, salinan akta, atau kutipan akta berdasarkan minuta akta, diatur dalam UUJNotaris-P Pasal 16 ayat(1) huruf d. Ketika minuta akta Notaris hilang atau rusak, akibat kelalaian Notaris yang mengakibatkan kerugian bagi pihak yang memiliki kausalitas dalam akta dapat dikatakan Notaris tidak melaksanakan kewajiban yang oleh UUJNotaris-P menyimpan minuta akta, sebagai salah satu kelengkapan bagian dari protokol-notaris. Kedudukan salinan sebagai alat bukti masih multitafsir ketika minuta akta telah musnah. Berdasarkan latar belakang tersebut rumusan masalah yang diangkat adalah 1. Bagaimana kedudukan hukum salinan akta Notaris dalam hal terjadi musnahnya minuta akta oleh Notaris? 2.Apa upaya hukum yang dapat dilakukan Notaris dan para pihak dalam hal terjadi musnahnya minuta akta oleh Notaris? Metode penelitian yuridis normatif dengan Pendekatan Undang-Undang dan Pendekatan Konseptual. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah kedudukan hukum salinan akta notaris dalam hal terjadi musnahnya minuta akta pasal 1889 KUHPerdata menyatakan bila tanda alas hak yang asli yang sudah tidak ada lagi, maka salinannya memberikan bukti dengan ketentuan, salinan akta tanpa minuta akta memiliki kedudukan hukum sebagai alat bukti dalam perkara perdata. Upaya hukum yang dapat dilakukan Notaris dan para pihak dalam hal terjadi musnahnya minuta akta Notaris ialah membuat laporan kehilangan minuta akta yang tercatat dalam Repertorium dan Klaper akta kepada pihak yang kepolisian dengan alasan sebenar-benarnya, dilampirkan dalam bundel minuta. Jika para pihak pemegang salinan meminta salinan kedua dan seterusnya wajib mengajukan permohonan Penetapan Pengadilan Negeri untuk salinan tersebut ditetapkan kebenarannya oleh para pihak sendiri di hadapan hakim. Kata Kunci : Kewajiban Notaris, Protokol Notaris, Minuta Akta, Salinan Akta
Участие водо-миграционных процессов в формировании почвы на этапе самовосстановления лесной экосистемы в таежной зоне
Authors: Кузнецова Е. Г. , Арчегова И. Б. , Панюков А. Н. 
Published: July 2018

Изучен качественно-количественный состав мигрирующих водорастворимых веществ в процессе формирования почвы на этапе самовосстановления лесной экосистемы в подзоне средней тайги на северо-востоке европейской части России. Химический состав атмосферных осадков, проходящих через кроны деревьев (кроновых вод), и лизиметрических вод отражает парцеллярную структурурастительного сообщества формирующейся лесной экосистемы и соответствующую еоднородностьпочвенного покрова. В процессе вертикальной миграции продуктов трансформации растительного опада оформляется органо-аккумулятивный слой почвы, обеспечивающий устойчивые условия питания и развития формирующегося лесного сообщества.
Основные факторы, влияющие на поглощение урана, радия и тория растениями
Authors: Шапошникова Л. М. 
Published: July 2018

Представлен обзор данных литературы по проблемам биологического поглощения урана,радия и тория. Показано, что поглощение радионуклидов растительностью является результатом сложного взаимодействия большого числа факторов, связанных как с биологическими особенностями растений, так и влиянием внешних условий окружающей среды. В статье рассмотрены основные из этих факторов – физико-химические характеристики почвы, содержание и формы нахождения радионуклидов в них, видовое разнообразие растений и др.
Implementing theory in the design of a professional development course for honors teachers: A Teacher’s Road to Excellence
Authors: Heijne-Penninga Marjolein , Wijkamp Inge , Hogenstijn Maarten , Wolfensberger Marca 
Published: July 2018

Teacher development courses should be based on both research and literature to promote their success and impact in practice. In this article, we translate the findings of research studies and theories into evidence-based design principles for a professional development course for honors teachers. This course was evaluated on the level of teacher reaction, teacher learning, outcomes, and organizational response. Nine design principles were formulated and translated into concrete actions, resulting in a one-year course (study load of 140 hours), ‘A Teacher’s Road to Excellence.’ We evaluated the impact of the course with a questionnaire filled in by participants (N=10) who finished the course one year ago. The design principles showed to be helpful in developing this course for honors teachers. The course, ‘A Teacher’s Road to Excellence,’ seems to be instructive for honors teachers and impact on student learning outcomes is seen. More research is needed to improve its impact further, on organizational level.
Manajemen Pengembangan MGMP Bahasa Arab Madrasah Tsanawiyah Propinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta
Authors: Chabib Abdul 
Published: July 2018

Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mendapatkan gambaran secara umum tentang manajemen pengembangan MGMP bahasa Arab MTs Propinsi DIY terkait dengan pengembangan organisasi, kegiatan dan program, sumber daya manusia, sarana prasarana, pembiayaan, pengelolaan, serta pemantauan dan evaluasi. Kemudian apa saja yang menjadi problematika dalam pengembangan MGMP, serta langkah-langkah apa yang telah dilakukan oleh para pengurus MGMP bahasa Arab MTs Propinsi DIY. Teori yang digunakan dalam pisau analis tersebut yaitu; teori manajemen SDM, teori pengembangan SDM, pengembangan Organisasi,pemecahan masalah, dan pedoman standar MGMP bahasa Arab MTs. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian studi kasus, dan mengambil subjek penelitian di MGMP Propinsi DIY. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan dokumentasi, observasi dan wawancara. Adapun analisis data dilakukan dengan cara mengumpulkan, menyajikan, mereduksi, dan menarik kesimpulan dari pengembangan MGMP bahasa Arab MTs Propinsi DIY . Adapun hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa :MGMP bahasa Arab MTs Propinsi DIY sudah memiliki struktur organisasi yang mandiri, sehingga berdampak pada pengembangan program dan kegiatan, SDM, pembiayaan, pengelolaan dan pemantauan serta evaluasi., dengan harapan MGMP bisa menaungi semua kebutuhan guru bahasa Arab, sehingga peran seorang guru bisa dirasakan dan bisa mempengarui pembelajaran pendidikan bahasa Arab yang ada dilingkungan sekolah nya masing-masing di semua MTs dilingkungan KemenagPropinsi DIY
Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cell–derived exosomes improve functional recovery after experimental intracerebral hemorrhage in the rat
Authors: Han Yuxia , Seyfried Don , Meng Yuling , Yang Dongmei , Schultz Lonni , Chopp Michael , Seyfried Donald 
Published: July 2018

OBJECTIVEPrevious studies have demonstrated that transplanted multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) improve functional recovery in rats after experimental intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). In this study the authors tested the hypothesis that administration of multipotent MSC-derived exosomes promotes functional recovery, neurovascular remodeling, and neurogenesis in a rat model of ICH.METHODSSixteen adult male Wistar rats were subjected to ICH via blood injection into the striatum, followed 24 hours later by tail vein injection of 100 μg protein of MSC-derived exosomes (treatment group, 8 rats) or an equal volume of vehicle (control group, 8 rats); an additional 8 rats that had identical surgery without blood infusion were used as a sham group. The modified Morris water maze (mMWM), modified Neurological Severity Score (mNSS), and social odor–based novelty recognition tests were performed to evaluate cognitive and sensorimotor functional recovery after ICH. All 24 animals were killed 28 days after ICH or sham procedure. Histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses were performed for measurements of lesion volume and neurovascular and white matter remodeling.RESULTSCompared with the saline-treated controls, exosome-treated ICH rats showed significant improvement in the neurological function of spatial learning and motor recovery measured at 26–28 days by mMWM and starting at day 14 by mNSS (p < 0.05). Senorimotor functional improvement was measured by a social odor–based novelty recognition test (p < 0.05). Exosome treatment significantly increased newly generated endothelial cells in the hemorrhagic boundary zone, neuroblasts and mature neurons in the subventricular zone, and myelin in the striatum without altering the lesion volume.CONCLUSIONSMSC-derived exosomes effectively improve functional recovery after ICH, possibly by promoting endogenous angiogenesis and neurogenesis in rats after ICH. Thus, cell-free, MSC-derived exosomes may be a novel therapy for ICH.
Hemi-laryngopharyngeal spasm as a novel cause of inducible laryngeal obstruction with a surgical cure: report of 3 cases
Authors: Honey Christopher R. , Morrison Murray D. , Heran Manraj K. S. , Dhaliwal Baljinder S. 
Published: July 2018

Inducible laryngeal obstruction has been described under at least 40 different monikers, including vocal cord dysfunction, paroxysmal vocal fold motion, and irritable larynx. The etiology of this condition is believed to be laryngeal hyperactivity in response to psychological issues or acid reflux. Most patients are treated with some combination of proton pump inhibitors, speech therapy, and psychotherapy. However, a small cohort of patients remains refractory to all medical interventions. The authors describe a novel condition, hemi-laryngopharyngeal spasm (HELPS), which can cause severe episodic stridor leading to unconsciousness in association with cough. The first recognized and surgically cured patient with HELPS was reported in an earlier issue of this journal. Three additional patients have been followed up for at least a year postoperatively, and their cases are reported here.Each patient presented with a similar pattern of episodic coughing and choking that increased in frequency, severity, and duration over years. The episodes eventually occurred while sleeping and could cause severe stridor with loss of consciousness. All three patients were initially misdiagnosed with a psychiatric illness and subjected to multiple intubations and one tracheostomy. Unilateral botulinum toxin injections in the vocal fold eased the severity of the throat contractions but not the cough. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a looping posterior inferior cerebellar artery juxtaposed to a vagus nerve in each case. Microvascular decompression (MVD) of that vessel relieved all symptoms.The introduction of this new medical condition may help a small cohort of patients with inducible laryngeal obstructions that have not responded to the current standard treatments. Patients are asymptomatic between episodes of progressively severe coughing and choking with stridor that may lead to intubation. Severe anxiety about the unpredictable symptoms is expected and may contribute to a psychiatric misdiagnosis. Microvascular decompression for HELPS is more difficult than that for trigeminal neuralgia because the involved nerve is more susceptible to manipulation. Ultimately, the final proof that HELPS is a real and distinct syndrome will require its recognition and successful treatment by colleagues around the world.