bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FINDRISC modificado para Cuba como herramienta para la detección de prediabetes y diabetes no diagnosticada en población cubana
Authors: Cabrera-Rode Eduardo , Díaz-Díaz Oscar , Orlandi González Neraldo , Ronald Mohan 
Published: December 2024

Objectives. To evaluate the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC) modified for Cuba as a tool for the detection of prediabetes and undiagnosed diabetes in Cuban population. Materials and methods. An analytical cross-sectional and secondary source epidemiological study was conducted in 3737 adults aged 19 years and older with at least one risk factor for diabetes, they did not have previous diagnosis of prediabetes and diabetes mellitus and underwent oral glucose tolerance test for the diagnosis of dysglycemia. We applied the FINDRISC and the FINDRISC modified for Latin America (LA-FINDRISC) and Cuba (CUBDRISC), each with their own anthropometric parameters. The ROC curve was used to establish the cut-off point of each scale for the diagnosis of dysglycemia. Sensitivity, specificity, predictive values and likelihood ratios were calculated. The concordance between scales was calculated with Cohen's Kappa coefficient. Results. We found that 34.5% (n=1289) of the subjects were diagnosed with dysglycemia (28.1% had prediabetes and 6.4% had type 2 diabetes without previous diagnosis). The LA-FINDRISC and CUBDRISC scales showed an almost perfect concordance with the FINDRISC scale for the different cut-off values from 11 to 16 (0.882-0.890 and 0.910-0.922, respectively). The optimal cutoff point for detecting persons with dysglycemia was ≥ 13 for the FINDRISC and CUBDRISC scales (sensitivity was 63.6% and 61.6%; specificity was 84.3% and 86.0%, respectively) and ≥11 for LA-FINDRISC (sensitivity 58.0% and specificity 88.0%). Conclusions. We found almost perfect concordance between the diabetes risk scales. The FINDRISC score modified for Cuba proved to be a useful tool to identify persons with prediabetes and diabetes with a cut-off point of 13 in a Cuban population.
La prueba de significancia de la hipótesis nula y la dicotomización del valor p: <i>Errare Humanum Est</i>
Authors: Mezones-Holguin Edward , Al-kassab-Córdova Ali , Soto-Becerra Percy , Hernández-Díaz Sonia , Kaufman Jay S. 
Published: December 2024

Decision-making in healthcare is complex and needs to be based on the best scientific evidence. In this process, information derived from statistical analysis of data is crucial, which can be developed from either frequentist or Bayesian perspectives. When it comes to the frequentist field, the null hypothesis significance test (NHST) and its p-value is one of the most widely used techniques in different disciplines. However, NHST has been subjected to questioning from different academic points of view, which has led to it being considered as one of the causes of the so-called replicability crisis in science. In this review article, we provide a brief historical account of its development, summarize the underlying methods, describe some controversies and limitations, address misuse and misinterpretation, and finally give some scopes and reflections in the context of biomedical research.
A retrospective study investigating prevalent diagnosis prompting endodontic treatment in a local North Indian population
Authors: Bharti Simran , Kaur Harpuneet , Kaur Sapanpuneet 
Published: December 2024

: Several risk factors, such as dental caries, periodontal disease, and trauma, can affect the dental pulp and lead to pulpitis. The main goal of root canal treatment are to eradicate infections within the canal and prevent future reinfection, creating an environment that supports healing. Endodontic treatment maintains the function of teeth while protecting the patient’s overall well-being. This study aims to investigate the factors influencing the demand for root canal treatment among patients, with a focus on diagnosis.: A retrospective review was conducted using hospital records of patients who visited the dental department and underwent root canal treatment between January 2023 and January 2024. Patient records provided information on age, gender, and indications for the treated tooth for endodontic treatment. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 20 software. A total of 2,280 patient records were reviewed, with 35.1% representing male patients and 64.9% female patients. The age range of the patients was 10 and above 60 years while the mean age was 36.26. The association of gender and age was statistically significant with p value of 0.001. The highest incidence of RCT was found in the 31-40 years age group. The commonest indication of RCT was symptomatic irreversible pulpitis. The most prevalent reason for root canal treatment is symptomatic irreversible pulpitis. There is a need for dental awareness among patients so that carious lesions can be treated early. Additionally, educating patients will help prevent dental caries.
Effect of hypertension on salivary flow rate and pH
Authors: Reddy Rishika , Nagalaxmi Velpula , Zardi Faisal Taiyeballi , Sadathullah Ayesha , Mohammed Haris Iqbal 
Published: December 2024

The aim of this studywas to determine the relationship between pH and viscosity of cumulative unstimulated saliva and hypertension in adults with normal, stage 1 and stage 2 hypertension. The patient’s blood pressure was measured and patients fitting the inclusion criteria were selected for the study. Their unstimulated cumulative saliva was collected by spitting method and pH of the samples was measured by pH strip. The flow rate of the samples was measured by comparing the amount of saliva displacement in sterile polypropylene centrifuge tube with control fluids at mm/10 seconds. The data was analysed by SPSS version 20 software and ANOVA tests and their nonparametric equivalent (p≤ 0.005). The results of this study showed that there was a significant relationship between pH and viscosity of unstimulated saliva of normotensive and borderline hypertensive patients with p value &#60;0.000. Therefore, hypertension had a direct and significant relationship with saliva flow rate and saliva pH. Hypertension can reduce the pH and increase the salivary viscosity in hypertensive patients, which subsequently lead to changes in quality and quantity of secreted saliva and influence the oral health and quality of the patient’s life.
Exploiting the Potential of Ankistrodesmus braunii Polysaccharides: A Focus on Cutaneous Biocompatibility
Authors: Morocho-Jácome Ana Lucía , Carvalho João Carlos Monteiro de , Rosolia Danilo Martini , Velasco Maria Valéria Robles , Cabral Laertty Garcia de Sousa , Rijo Patrícia , Rosado Catarina , Baby André Rolim 
Published: December 2024

Current demands for sustainable cosmetic sources containing naturally derived compounds have led to extensive research for promising microalgae strains for large-scale cultivation. Given the enormous variety of microalgae strains, as well as their diverse cosmetic potential, here, we cultivated Ankistrodesmus braunii in tubular photobioreactors to extract polysaccharides (PSs) aiming their incorporation into a dermocosmetic prototype gel. In vitro antioxidant activity was determined by the DPPH• (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) assay, and the in vivo experiments were performed on participants., being the skin superficial (SK) hydration and transepidermal water loss (TEWL) measured to determine cutaneous biocompatibility, i.e., the PS safety. A. braunii aqueous PS had superior performance through the DPPH• test, thus, it was incorporated in a gel prototype, and its safety profile was established by the cutaneous biocompatibility assay. The biocompatibility of the samples was confirmed by the SK hydration and TEWL results, which were not affected after the application of the gels. Our results suggested not only the biocompatibility of the microalgae PS dermocosmetic, but also the in vitro antioxidant potential, confirming this material&#039;s conceivable as a new ingredient in cosmetic formulations.
Comparison of In Situ and Postsynthetic Formation of MOF-Carbon Composites as Electrocatalysts for the Alkaline Oxygen Evolution Reaction (OER)
Authors: Sondermann Linda , Voggenauer Laura Maria , Vollrath Annette , Strothmann Till , Janiak Christoph 
Published: December 2024

Mixed-metal nickel-iron, NixFe materials draw attention as affordable earth-abundant electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Here nickel and mixed-metal nickel-iron metal-organic framework (MOF) composites with the carbon materials ketjenblack (KB) or carbon nanotubes (CNT) were synthesized in situ in a one-pot solvothermal reaction. As a direct comparison to these in situ synthesized composites, the neat MOFs were postsynthetically mixed by grinding with KB or CNT, to generate physical mixture composites. The in situ and postsynthetic MOF/carbon samples were comparatively tested as (pre-)catalysts for the OER and most of them outperformed the RuO2 benchmark. Depending on the carbon material and metal ratio the in situ or postsynthethic composites performed better, showing that the method to generate the composite can influence the OER activity. The best material Ni5Fe-CNT was synthesized in situ and achieved an overpotential (η) of 301 mV (RuO2 η = 354 mV), a Tafel slope (b) of 58 mV/dec (RuO2 b = 91 mV/dec), a charge transfer resistance (Rct) of 7 Ω (RuO2 Rct= 39 Ω) and a faradaic efficiency (FE) of 95% (RuO2 FE = 91%). Structural changes in the materials could be seen through a stability test in the alkaline electrolyte and chronopotentiometry over 12 h showed that the derived electrocatalysts and RuO2 have a good stability.
Tradisi dan Modernitas: Tantangan Masyarakat Bajo di Torosiaje dalam Pelestarian Budaya
Authors: Yunus Rasid , Adhani Yuli , Pangalila Theodorus , Cuga Candra , Noe Wahyudin 
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini menyoroti ketahanan masyarakat Bajo di Torosiaje, Gorontalo, dalam dalam upaya menjaga kebudayaan mereka disaat pengaruh modernisasi yang semakin kuat. Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif. Penelitian memperlihatkan bagaimana masyarakat Bajo tetap memelihara nilai-nilai kearifan lokal, khususnya tradisi maritim, sistem pernikahan, pengobatan dan nilai gotong-royong meskipun mereka telah mengadopsi teknologi modern. Teknologi modern diintegrasikan secara selektif tanpa menghilangkan esensi dari kearifan lokal sebagai identitas mereka. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa masyarakat Bajo mampu melakukan negosiasi dengan perubahan, mempertahankan inti budaya mereka sambil menyesuaikan diri dengan tuntutan zaman. Selain itu, temuan ini juga menggarisbawahi peran sentral pendidikan dan kepemimpinan komunitas dalam proses pelestarian budaya. Kepemimpinan lokal berperan dalam menanamkan nilai-nilai budaya kepada generasi muda, serta pendidikan memainkan peran penting dalam menciptakan kesadaran melestarikan kearifan lokal dalam perubahan sosial dan teknologi.Tantangan dari temuan ini adalah tekanan dari dalam masyarakat sendiri yang ingin mendapatkan fasilitas modern yang lebih baik, sehingga dilema antara memenuhi kebutuhan modern dan melestarikan tradisi yang menjadi identitas komunitas.
Bullying, cyberbullying, and empathy as longitudinal predictors of self-esteem
Authors: Benítez -Sillero Juan de Dios , Falla Daniel , Córdoba-Alcaide Francisco , Zych Izabela 
Published: December 2024

Research has shown that high self-esteem has numerous personal and social benefits, especially in adolescents. However, it is necessary to examine whether involvement, as aggressors or victims, in online and offline aggressive behaviours or the presence or absence of empathy, affective and cognitive, can influence adolescents’ self-esteem. The present study analysed whether bullying, cyberbullying, and empathy were longitudinally related to self-esteem. It was hypothesized that low bullying and cyberbullying involvement and high affective and cognitive empathy would be related to high self-esteem. The sample consisted of 876 students (48.7% girls) aged 12-19 years (M = 14.91, SD = 1.71) through a longitudinal study with two waves of survey data collection. Low bullying victimization and high cognitive empathy were found to be related to high self-esteem cross-sectionally and longitudinally. Likewise, lower affective empathy, low cyberbullying victimization, and low bullying aggression were longitudinally related to higher self-esteem. It is suggested that decreased bullying and cyberbullying and increased cognitive empathy could have numerous benefits for self-esteem improvement in prevention and mental health intervention programs with adolescents who are in the educational stage.
Giants with feet of clay: perfectionism, type A behavior, emotional stability, and gender as predictors of university students’ mental health
Authors: Guidotti Sara , Fiduccia Alice , Pruneti Carlo 
Published: December 2024

The growing level of psychopathological symptoms among tertiary students is becoming a difficult phenomenon for institutions to manage. The present study aimed to analyze the complex associations of anxiety and somatization with predisposing personality traits, such as perfectionism, neuroticism, and type A behavior. The 248 university students (Mage = 24.4, SD = 5.45) recruited completed a state (the Symptom Questionnaire), stress (the P Stress Questionnaire), and personality (Cattell’s 16-Personality Factors Questionnaire) questionnaire. The results validated that perfectionism/self-control negatively predicted anxiety (β = -0.49, p < .001) and somatization (β = -0.35, p = .02); but also that it positively predicted psychopathological symptoms indirectly through adopting a lifestyle very similar to type A behavior (Anxiety: β = 0.14, p = .005; Somatization: β = .14, p = .01). Moreover, emotional stability and gender inserted in the model were significant as covariates for both Anxiety (β = -0.43, p < .001 and β = 2.18, p < .001, respectively) and Somatization (β = -0.55, p < .001 and β = 2.9, p < .001, respectively). Notwithstanding, emotional stability was a significant predictor only for type A behavior (β = -1.08, p < .001). In conclusion, our findings validated the double valence of perfectionism in determining the development of anxiety and somatizations. Preventing distress through managing the emotional states in tertiary students is becoming even more important, especially in this post-pandemic period that is exacerbating risk factors for mental distress.
Subcellular Systems Observe Onsager Reciprocity
Authors: Horowitz Arie 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

The complexity of prokaryotic and, exceedingly, of eukaryotic cells, challenges the implementation of methodologies to determine causality and quantify intracellular dynamics. Although stochastic thermodynamics can be used to effectively quantify the energetics of single proteins or complexes, there is no statistical approach to determine the macrostate of a whole cell from its subcellular microstates. Onsager reciprocity, a coupling between thermodynamic flows, could potentially be leveraged to quantify and to establish causality among subcellular systems. A prototypical thermodynamic profile of the cell is formulated as a model system to enable representation of its sub systems as force-driven thermodynamic flows. Onsager reciprocity is validated on the bacterial flagellum and ATP synthase. It is then tested on the putative coupling between the contractile ring and treadmilling of the cytoskeleton in bacterial binary fission and eukaryotic cytokinesis, with opposite outcomes. All thermodynamic flows and forces are formulated to comply with their canonical definitions.
Effective removal of Atrazine using peroxymonosulfate activated by CoNiFe-layered double hydroxides: mechanism and degradation pathway
Authors: Zhang Zhanmei , Li Xinyue , Zhang Yi , Deng Yang , Huang Yunxuan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Advanced oxidation process (AOPs) based on activated persulfate (PS) are gradually being employed in the treatment of novel pollutants. In this study, an efficient and reliable CoNiFe layered double hydroxide (LDH) was prepared by a hydrothermal method, which could effectively activate peroxomonosulfate (PMS) and cause free sulfate radical (SO4•−) oxidation to decompose atrazine (ATZ). During the degradation process, the degradation rate of ATZ was greater than 99% within 60 min when the initial concentration of ATZ was 10 mg·L−1, the dosages of PMS and activator were 0.6 mM and 80 mg·L−1, respectively, and the pH value was 7.0. The analysis of ATZ degradation confirmed the reusability of the activator and its strong structural stability. The generation of four free radicals was analyzed and confirmed, and the influence of the free radicals on the degradation reaction was determined to be SO4•−＞ O2•− ＞ 1O2＞•OH. The analytical results showed that the metal ions reacted with HSO5− in PMS to obtain a change in the valence state of the metal ions and the primary factor affecting the degradation reaction SO4•− was also generated. Nine degradation intermediates with reduced toxicity were detected and possible ATZ degradation pathways were deduced, thus confirming the activation mechanism of CoNiFe-LDH. This representative ATZ removal method provides theoretical basis and guidance for the removal of similar organic pollutants.
Wound Healing of Boiologically and Chemically Syntehsized Gold Nanoparticles through Scratch Assay and Neural Network Modeling
Authors: Desai Anjana S , Ashok Aparna , Wagle Shivali A , Bhagat Neeru , Ashirova Zhadyra , Abdrasulova Zhannat , Abdolla Nurshat , Mukazhanova Zhazira , Ydyrys Alibek , Seilkhan Ainur 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) are commonly used as anti-haemorrhagic and antiseptic agents. Thus, their cytotoxicity should be studied before application. In this study, the Au NPs were synthesized using biological and chemical routes, and the samples were named as AU-BT and AU-C, respectively. The AU-BT were synthesized using three different extracts, i.e., turmeric, aloe-vera, and a mixture of turmeric aloe-vera. The cytotoxicity was studied using scratch assay on HEK-293 cell lines. The number of scratch assays was increased to validate the experimental wound healing results. Finally, a neural networking modeling was performed to predict the results of provided data in terms of the sample toxicity by healing the wound. The experimental results and the neural networking confirmed that the turmeric-derived Au NPs were the best among all the synthesized samples. Moreover, integrating metal NPs in wound healing studies introduces exciting possibilities for enhanced imaging and therapeutic interventions. The combination of advanced image analysis through models like AlexNet and the novel use of nanoparticles opens doors to improved wound care and a deeper understanding of the healing process.
The Promising Effects of Tranexamic Acid in Treatment of Chronic Urticaria; a Randomized Placebo- Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Nabavizadeh Seyed Hesamedin , Emaeilzadeh Hossein , Alyasin Soheila , Nabavizadeh Sara , Askarisarvestani Aida 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background: Despite the low rate of mortality, Chronic Urticaria can negatively impact the quality of life in patients. Moreover, due to the high rates of unresponsiveness and high rates of medical adverse effects, the treatment of this disease is usually challenging. In this study, we aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of add-on therapy with tranexamic acid in patients with chronic urticaria.
Methods: In this study, 76 patients with chronic urticaria were evaluated. The patients were divided to two groups one of which received Cetirizine and placebo, while the other group received Cetirizine and Tranexamic Acid for two weeks. The quality of life and severity of the disease were compared between the two groups.
Results: A total of 76 patients entered the study, of whom 59 (77.6%) were female. Both the control and treatment group showed enhanced quality of life, especially in itching, looks, and medical adverse effect subgroups. Add-on therapy with Tranexamic Acid did not show clinically important adverse effects.
Conclusion: In conclusion, patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria can benefit from add-on therapy with Tranexamic Acid, especially, the patients who have high D-dimers. The quality of life of the patients should be assessed in further follow-up.
Clinical Trial Registry Code: IRCT20220205053947N1 by the date March 3rd 2022
Haplotype analysis detects MLH1 founder variant in Indian Lynch syndrome patient cohort
Authors: Sheth Harsh , Sadhwani Jyoti , SG Thenral , Ramprasad Vedam , Bishop D. Timothy 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Lynch syndrome (LS) is an autosomal dominant hereditary cancer predisposition syndrome whereby the lifetime risk of developing gastrointestinal and genitourinary cancers rises by to over 50%. It is caused by heterozygous variants in the DNA mismatch repair genes- MLH1, MSH2, MSH6 and PMS2, with the majority detected in MLH1 and MSH2. Recurrently observed LS-associated variants in apparently unrelated individuals have either arisen de novo in different families due to mutation hotspots or are inherited from a common ancestor (founder) that lived several generations back. Testing for founder variants can facilitate molecular diagnosis of LS more efficiently and cost effectively than screening for all possible variants in the MMR genes. Here, we report a study of the missense variant c.306G>T in the MLH1 gene, the first potential founder variant identified in LS patients of Indian ethnicity. Haplotype analysis consisting of 25 LS carriers with the MLH1 c.306G>T variant and 100 healthy controls confirmed a shared haplotype in cases spanning a 27.8kb region encompassing the c.306G>T variant (𝝌2 =96.418; p=<0.0001). Age of variant analysis suggests the variant to have arisen in the population approximately 800 years (95% CI: 670-934 years) ago. Furthermore, it is estimated that c.306G>T variant is likely to be observed in 6.4% of all LS patients of Indian ethnicity. These findings have important implications for genetic counselling and molecular diagnosis of Lynch syndrome.
Formulation and characterization of surfactants with antibacterial and corrosion-inhibiting properties for enhancing shale gas drainage and production
Authors: Li Jia , Wen Ming , Jiang Zeyin , Gao Shangjun , Xiao Xiao , Xiang Chao , Tao Ji 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

A Gemini cationic surfactant was synthesized through an aldehyde-amine condensation reaction to address challenges related to bacterial corrosion and foaming during shale gas extraction. This treatment agent exhibits sterilization, corrosion mitigation, and foaming properties. The mechanism of action was characterized through tests measuring surface tension, particle size, sterilization efficacy, corrosion mitigation efficiency, and foaming behavior. Results from the surface tension test indicate that at 60°C, surfactants with a low carbon chain structure achieve the lowest surface tension of 32.61 mN/m at the critical micelle concentration. Particle size distribution (PSD) tests reveal that within the 1–10 critical micelle concentration range, three types of surfactants can form aggregates through self-assembly, with a PSD range of 100–400 nm. Antibacterial performance tests demonstrate that a concentration of 0.12 mmol/L at 20–60°C achieves a bactericidal rate exceeding 99%, maintained even after 24 hours of contact. The bactericidal effect is enhanced under acidic and alkaline conditions. Corrosion mitigation tests show that at 50°C, the corrosion mitigation rate reaches an optimal value of over 70%. Bubble performance evaluation results suggest that the optimal surfactant concentration is 1 mmol/L at 60°C, exhibiting resistance to mineralization up to 200 g/L. The development of this surfactant establishes a foundation for effectively addressing issues related to bacterial corrosion and wellbore fluid encountered in shale gas wells.