bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A review of bullous pemphigoid associated with PD‐1 and PD‐L1 inhibitors
Authors: Lopez Adriana T. , Khanna Trisha , Antonov Nina , Audrey‐Bayan Claire , Geskin Larisa 
Published: April 2018

AbstractBackgroundDermatologic toxicity represents a substantial portion of all immune‐related adverse events (irAEs) associated with PD‐1/PD‐L1 inhibitors. Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is a rare cutaneous side effect of these medications, which can initially be clinically indistinguishable from other, low‐grade cutaneous toxicity.ObjectiveTo better characterize the clinical features of BP associated with PD‐1/PD‐L1 inhibitors, evaluate the efficacy of various treatment regimens, determine the frequency of prodromal pruritus, and assess whether immunological diagnostic studies for BP are warranted in patients treated with checkpoint inhibitors who develop intractable pruritus.MethodsA comprehensive review of the English‐language medical literature was performed using key terms. Papers published on any date and from all origins were considered. Fourteen publications, containing 21 patient cases, were selected independently by two reviewers and deemed relevant to the present publication.ResultsPruritus was a prominent feature of the majority (12/21) of cases and preceded or occurred concurrently with BP development. Bullae developed within 6–8 months of initiation of PD‐1/PD‐L1 inhibitors; however, a smaller subset of patients did not develop bullae for 1–1.5 years following initiation of therapy. Mean time to pruritus was similar for pembrolizumab and nivolumab at 19 and 21 weeks, respectively. Development of BP required discontinuation of immunotherapy in 76% (16/21) of cases.ConclusionProdromal or “non‐bullous” variants of BP must be considered in patients treated with checkpoint inhibitors who develop protracted or worsening pruritus. Early diagnostic immunological evaluation of the skin may lead to improved patient outcomes by facilitating timely initiation of treatment and prevent disruptions in cancer therapy.
Effects of Aging on the Human Brain: A Proton and Phosphorus MR Spectroscopy Study at 3T
Authors: Schmitz Birte , Wang Xin , Barker Peter B. , Pilatus Ulrich , Bronzlik Paul , Dadak Mete , Kahl Kai G. , Lanfermann Heinrich , Ding Xiao‐Qi 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND PURPOSETo investigate accumulative aging effects on neurometabolism in human brain and to collect a reference dataset.METHODSFifty‐four healthy volunteers aged evenly between 22 and 73 years were studied using whole‐brain 1H‐MR spectroscopic imaging in combination with 31P‐MRS at 3T. Global metabolite concentrations of brain N‐acetylaspartate (NAA), total choline (tCho), and total creatine (tCr), as well as phosphocreatine (PCr), adenosine‐5′‐triphosphate (ATP), phosphomonoesters (PME), phosphodiesters (PDE), and inorganic phosphate (Pi) were determined. Fractional volumes of brain gray matter (FVGM), white matter (FVWM), and total tissue (FVTB, GM+WM) were also estimated.RESULTSWith age, NAA, ATP, and PME, as well as FVTB and FVGM decreased and tCho and FVWM increased linearly. Positive correlations were found between FVGM and global concentrations of NAA, ATP, PME, and Pi.CONCLUSIONAge‐related accumulative metabolic changes in aging human brain correlated with reduced neuronal metabolic activity and density, reflected by decreased NAA, reduced mitochondrial activity by decreased ATP, and reduced membrane synthesis by decreased PME. These changes are associated with age‐related decrease of neuronal volume. Global NAA and ATP might be used as surrogate biomarker for monitoring aging in human brain.
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is an increasing indication for liver transplantation in the Nordic countries
Authors: Holmer Magnus , Melum Espen , Isoniemi Helena , Ericzon Bo‐Göran , Castedal Maria , Nordin Arno , Aagaard Schultz Nicolai , Rasmussen Allan , Line Pål‐Dag , Stål Per , Bennet William , Hagström Hannes 
Published: April 2018

AbstractBackground & AimsNonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) is the second most common cause of liver transplantation in the US. Data on NAFLD as a liver transplantation indication from countries with lower prevalences of obesity are lacking. We studied the temporal trends of NAFLD as an indication for liver transplantation in the Nordic countries, and compared outcomes for patients with NAFLD to patients with other indications for liver transplantation.MethodPopulation‐based cohort study using data from the Nordic Liver Transplant Registry on adults listed for liver transplantation between 1994 and 2015. NAFLD as the underlying indication for liver transplantation was defined as a listing diagnosis of NAFLD/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, or cryptogenic cirrhosis with a body mass index ≥25 kg/m2 and absence of other liver diseases. Waiting time for liver transplantation, mortality and withdrawal from the transplant waiting list were registered. Survival after liver transplantation was calculated using multivariable Cox regression, adjusted for age, sex, body mass index and model for end‐stage liver disease.ResultsA total of 4609 patients listed for liver transplantation were included. NAFLD as the underlying indication for liver transplantation increased from 2.0% in 1994‐1995 to 6.2% in 2011‐2015 (P = .01) and was the second most rapidly increasing indication. NAFLD patients had higher age, model for end‐stage liver disease and body mass index when listed for liver transplantation, but overall survival after liver transplantation was comparable to non‐‐NAFLD patients (aHR 1.03, 95% CI 0.70‐1.53 P = .87).ConclusionNAFLD is an increasing indication for liver transplantation in the Nordic countries. Despite more advanced liver disease, NAFLD patients have a comparable survival to other patients listed for liver transplantation.
Interface pressure, perceptual, and mean arterial pressure responses to different blood flow restriction systems
Authors: Hughes L. , Rosenblatt B. , Gissane C. , Paton B. , Patterson S. D. 
Published: April 2018

This study examined the cuff to limb interface pressure during blood flow restriction (BFR), and the perceptual and mean arterial pressure responses, in different BFR systems. Eighteen participants attended three experimental sessions in a randomised, crossover, counterbalanced design. Participants underwent inflations at 40% and 80% limb occlusive pressure (LOP) at rest and completed 4 sets of unilateral leg press exercise at 30% of one repetition maximum with BFR at 80% LOP. Different BFR systems were used each session: an automatic rapid‐inflation (RI), automatic personalized tourniquet (PT) and manual handheld pump and sphygmomanometer (HS) system. Interface pressure was measured using a universal interface device with pressure sensors. Perceived exertion and pain were measured after each set, mean arterial pressure (MAP) was measured pre‐, 1‐minute post‐ and 5‐minutes post‐exercise. Interface pressure was lower than the set pressure in all BFR systems at rest (P < .05). Interface pressure was, on average, 10 ± 8 and 48 ± 36 mm Hg higher than the set pressure in the RI and HS system (P < .01), with no differences observed in the PT system (P > .05), during exercise. Pain and exertion were greater in sets 3 and 4 in the RI and HS system compared to the PT system (P < .05). MAP was higher in the RI and HS system compared to the PT system at 1‐minute and 5‐minutes post‐exercise (P < .05). BFR systems applying higher pressures amplify mean arterial pressure and perceptual responses. Automatic BFR systems appear to regulate pressure effectively within an acceptable range during BFR exercise.
Kinetic demands of sprinting shift across the acceleration phase: Novel analysis of entire force waveforms
Authors: Colyer S. L. , Nagahara R. , Salo A. I. T. 
Published: April 2018

A novel approach of analyzing complete ground reaction force waveforms rather than discrete kinetic variables can provide new insight to sprint biomechanics. This study aimed to understand how these waveforms are associated with better performance across entire sprint accelerations. Twenty‐eight male track and field athletes (100‐m personal best times: 10.88 to 11.96 seconds) volunteered to participate. Ground reaction forces produced across 24 steps were captured during repeated (two to five) maximal‐effort sprints utilizing a 54‐force‐plate system. Force data (antero‐posterior, vertical, resultant, and ratio of forces) across each contact were registered to 100% of stance and averaged for each athlete. Statistical parametric mapping (linear regression) revealed specific phases of stance where force was associated with average horizontal external power produced during that contact. Initially, antero‐posterior force production during mid‐late propulsion (eg, 58%‐92% of stance for the second ground contact) was positively associated with average horizontal external power. As athletes progressed through acceleration, this positive association with performance shifted toward the earlier phases of contact (eg, 55%‐80% of stance for the eighth and 19%‐64% for the 19th ground contact). Consequently, as athletes approached maximum velocity, better athletes were more capable of attenuating the braking forces, especially in the latter parts of the eccentric phase. These unique findings demonstrate a shift in the performance determinants of acceleration from higher concentric propulsion to lower eccentric braking forces as velocity increases. This highlights the broad kinetic requirements of sprinting and the conceivable need for athletes to target improvements in different phases separately with demand‐specific exercises.
When Do Misunderstandings Matter? Evidence From Survey Interviews About Smoking
Authors: Schober Michael F. , Suessbrick Anna L. , Conrad Frederick G. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThis paper examines when conceptual misalignments in dialog lead to consequential miscommunication. Two studies explore misunderstanding in survey interviews of the sort conducted by governments and social scientists, where mismeasurement can have real social costs. In 131 interviews about tobacco use, misalignment between respondents' and researchers' conceptions of ordinary expressions like “smoking” and “every day” was quantified by probing respondents' interpretations of survey terms and re‐administering the survey questionnaire with standard definitions after the interview. Respondents' interpretations were surprisingly variable, and in many cases they did not match the conceptions that researchers intended them to use. More often than one might expect, this conceptual variability was consequential, leading to answers (and, in principle, to estimates of the prevalence of smoking and related attributes in the population) that would have been different had conceptualizations been aligned; for example, fully 12% of respondents gave a different answer about having smoked 100 cigarettes in their entire life when later given a standard definition. In other cases misaligned interpretations did not lead to miscommunication, in that the differences would not have led to different survey responses. Although clarification of survey terms during the interview sometimes improved conceptual alignment, this was not guaranteed; in this corpus some needed attempts at clarification were never made, some attempts did not succeed, and some seemed to make understanding worse. The findings suggest that conceptual misalignments may be more frequent in ordinary conversation than interlocutors know, and that attempts to detect and clarify them may not always work. They also suggest that at least some unresolved misunderstandings do not matter in the sense that they do not change the outcome of the communication—in this case, the survey estimates.
The Emotions of Abstract Words: A Distributional Semantic Analysis
Authors: Lenci Alessandro , Lebani Gianluca E. , Passaro Lucia C. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractRecent psycholinguistic and neuroscientific research has emphasized the crucial role of emotions for abstract words, which would be grounded by affective experience, instead of a sensorimotor one. The hypothesis of affective embodiment has been proposed as an alternative to the idea that abstract words are linguistically coded and that linguistic processing plays a key role in their acquisition and processing. In this paper, we use distributional semantic models to explore the complex interplay between linguistic and affective information in the representation of abstract words. Distributional analyses on Italian norming data show that abstract words have more affective content and tend to co‐occur with contexts with higher emotive values, according to affective statistical indices estimated in terms of distributional similarity with a restricted number of seed words strongly associated with a set of basic emotions. Therefore, the strong affective content of abstract words might just be an indirect byproduct of co‐occurrence statistics. This is consistent with a version of representational pluralism in which concepts that are fully embodied either at the sensorimotor or at the affective level live side‐by‐side with concepts only indirectly embodied via their linguistic associations with other embodied words.
Value added and participation in global value chains: The case of Spain
Authors: Solaz Marta 
Published: April 2018

AbstractFollowing Koopman, Wang, and Wei and using the data and indicators derived from the international input–output tables of the World Input–Output Database, this paper addresses the participation of the Spanish economy and its sectors in global value chains (GVCs) during the period 1995–2011 and its implications for the value added content of trade. The analysis reveals the increasing integration of the country in GVCs and the heterogeneity between manufacturing and services in their vertical specialisation and their contribution to value added. This paper also explores the link between the use of foreign factors and export performance at the industry level and finds that this type of involvement in GVCs is positively correlated with increases in the domestic value added content of Spanish exports.
A commercial soy‐based phospholipid emulsion accelerates clot formation in normal canine whole blood and induces hemolysis in whole blood from normal and dogs with inflammatory leukograms
Authors: Behling‐Kelly Erica L. , Wakshlag Joseph 
Published: April 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo compare lipid emulsion‐induced hemolysis in blood from dogs with inflammatory leukograms to blood from healthy dogs, and determine the impact of a prototypical soy‐based phospholipid emulsion on coagulation in whole blood from healthy dogs.DesignEx vivo study using EDTA and citrated whole blood from healthy dogs and EDTA anticoagulated whole blood from dogs with inflammatory leukograms.SettingUniversity research laboratory.AnimalsHealthy dogs (total of 16, 9 for hemolysis assays and 6 for thromboelastography) included student‐ and staff‐owned animals. Blood samples from dogs with inflammatory leukograms (8) were obtained from the clinical pathology laboratory after the complete blood count was performed as part of patient care. For the purposes of this study, an inflammatory leukogram was defined as a neutrophilia with a left‐shift (minimum of 3% band neutrophils) and evidence of toxic change.InterventionsNone.Measurements and Main ResultsHemolysis was measured via spectrophotometric quantification of released hemoglobin and expressed as a percent of a water‐lysed control. The soy emulsion caused hemolysis in blood from healthy dogs, ranging from 3.6% to 16.4% as the dose increased, and 4.1% to 25.0% in blood from dogs with inflammatory leukograms. Hemolysis between these patient groups was significantly different at the highest dose. Coagulation was assessed by native thromboelastography. Treatment of whole blood with the lipid emulsion caused a significant decrease in the time to clot formation (R) and a shorter time to reach a clot amplitude of 20 mm (K).ConclusionsSoy‐based lipid emulsions cause hemolysis that is more severe in blood from dogs with inflammatory leukograms and accelerate clot formation in canine blood. The in vivo significance of these findings is not clear at this time, but warrants additional investigation given the use of these emulsions in clinical practice.
FBG as air pressure sensors on generic UTM-LST half model
Authors: Izuan Muhammad , Raja Ibrahim Raja Kamarulzaman , Mat Shabudin Bin , Azmi Asrul Izam Bin 
Published: April 2018

This work was done to investigate the feasibility of FBGs strain sensor in detection of air pressure on aeroplane model known as Generic UTM Half-Model. The FBGs was attached on the surface of aeroplane model where its position is as near as possible to the location of static pressure sensor. Then, the sensing performance was tested inside UTM Low Speed Tunnel (UTM-LST) with the wind speed set at 30 , 40 , and 50 . The direction of wind was arranged to be in perpendicular to the sensing elements and the wing model angle was varied at 0°, 5°, 10°, 15°, and 20°. The measured pressure coefficient, Cp based on Bragg wavelength shift was compared with FKPS 30DP Pressure Measuring Module data. The results shows that the shift in Bragg wavelength found to be linearly increased when the wind speed is increased. The pressure coefficient obtained by FBG has approximate value as the pressure coefficient of pressure sensor module at low angle of attack from 0° to 12°.
Modeling of decolorisation dyes by ozonation techniques using Levenberg-Marquardt neural network
Authors: Fatimah Siti , Wiharto Wiharto 
Published: April 2018

Acid Black 1 (AB1) and Acid Yellow 19 (AY19) are synthetic dyes widely used in industries such as textiles and cosmetics, which have complex structures. Special techniques are needed to degrade the dye before it goes out into the environment. One technique that has been done is to use Advance Oxidation Process (AOPs) using ozonation process. The process requires a combination of values of 4 parameters to obtain the optimum decolorization percentage. The parameters are dye concentration (mg / L), ozone concentration (mg / L), pH, and temperature (oC). In laboratory experiments to obtain a combination of parameters that yield the optimum decolorization percentage, requires relatively high time and cost. This research proposes modeling using Levenberg-Marquardt neural network (LM-NN) to obtain combination of parameters that can yield optimum decolorization percentage. The experimental results with the ozonation method obtained consecutive decolorization percentage values AB1 and AY19 were 93% and 98%. The percentage of decolorization was produced from a combination of 4 parameters, with values of 740 mg/L, 13 mg/L, 6.20, and 380C, while for the AY19 was 830 mg/L, 15 mg/L, 6.20, and 390C. The result of prediction of AB1 and AY19 by using LM-NN model in sequence is 95,25% and 99,99%. The condition was generated from the combination of the 4 parameters, for AB1 the values of each parameter were 707.50 mg/L, 12.70 mg/L, 7.50 and 380C, while the AY19 was 587.50 mg/L, 15.50 mg/L, 7,65, and 330C. The result of experimental and predicted using the LM-NN model, referring to statistical test results with 95% confidence level, indicating that the percentage of decolorization did not occur of difference significantly (p-value> 0.05), both for AB1 and AY19. It shows that modeling with LM-NN can be used to predict the optimum decolorization percentage with predetermined parameters.
Manufacturing methods for medical artificial prostheses– a review
Authors: Fua-Nizan Rosdayanti , Abdul Rani Ahmad Majdi , Yazid Din Mohamad 
Published: April 2018

The main objective of this paper is to review the manufacturing methods that can be used for fabricating medical prostheses. The medical prostheses have different functions and applications. Selection of manufacturing method is made based on the material, design, and mechanical properties of the prostheses. The conventional manufacturing methods that had been applied for manufacturing prostheses are machining, incremental sheet forming and investment casting. The combination of computer numerical control and additive manufacturing has been able to improve the process efficiency of these methods. However, direct fabrication by additive manufacturing has been able to replace the conventional method with better process efficiency and product accuracy.
New fuzzy generalized bi Γ-ideals of the type (∈,∈∨qk) in ordered Γ-semigroups
Authors: Gambo Ibrahim , Sarmin Nor Haniza , Ullah Khan Hidayat , Muhammad Khan Faiz 
Published: April 2018

A fuzzy subset A defined on a set X is represented as A = {(x, A (x), where x ∈ X}. It is not always possible for membership functions of type λA : X → [0,1] to associate with each point x in a set X a real number in the closed unit interval [0,1] without the loss of some useful information. The importance of the ideas of “belongs to” (∈) and “quasi coincident with” (q) relations between a fuzzy point and fuzzy set is evident from the research conducted during the past two decades. Ordered Γ-semigroup (generalization of ordered semigroups) play an important role in the broad study of ordered semigroups. In this paper, we provide an extension of fuzzy generalized bi Γ-ideals and introduce (∈,∈∨qk)-fuzzy generalized bi Γ-ideals of ordered Γ-semigroup. The purpose of this paper is to link this new concept with ordinary generalized bi Γ-ideals by using level subset and characteristic function.
Adsorption study of Congo Red Dye with ZSM-5 directly synthesized from bangka kaolin withouth organic template
Authors: Iryani Ani , Ilmi Moh Mualliful , Hartanto Djoko 
Published: April 2018

ZSM-5’s adsorption study of kaolin Bangka without organic template using congo red with initial concentration of 50-250 mg / L with variation of contact time of 40-180 minutes. The results of the adsorption of Congo Red (CR) dye at 30oC-50oC with pH 7, the increase in contact time causes the dye to decrease significantly. In addition, an increase in adsorption rate at first step then slows down as it approaches to the equilibrium point. The experimental results using each temperature variation, showing the equilibrium time of the adsorption process at contact time of 100 minutes. Four isotherm adsorption models were used to analyze and measure the results of experimental data adsorption. The ZSM-5 adsorption capacity of Bangka kaolin is exhibited for the reds of Congo isotherm adsorption. The results of isotherm adsorption studies on three temperatures showed the fitting into Langmuir isotherms adsorption type which means the adsroption occured physically monolayer, the kinetics of adsorption clearly follows the first-pseudo-order reaction kinetics with higher R2 closes to 1. The adsorption thermodynamics analysis show that the adsorption chategorized as exthormic reaction (negative value of ), this conclusion is supported by adsortion capacity data in 180 min contact times which demostrate that the increasing adorption temperature decreasing amount adsorbate being adsorbed. The (Gibb’s Energy) of adsorption are negative in several temperature which demonstrates that the adsroption are spontanously occured in ech temperature. The adsorption study can be used as a reference for ZSM-5 adsorption optimization.