bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COMMUNITY-BASED EDUCATION PROGRAM ON KNOWLEDGE AND SELF-EFFICACY OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS’ PATIENTS IN BANDUNG
Authors: Sari Citra Windani Mambang , Yamin Ahmad , Santoso Mochmad Budi 
Published: October 2019

Introduction. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus was a chronic disease have complicated. Amount of patient Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) was increased. Knowledge and self-efficacy is mainly important for self-care behavior. The purpose of this study was aimed to examine knowledge, and self-efficacy among patients with Type 2 DM in Bandung, Indonesia. Methods. The research was a quasi-experimental with pre and posttest control group. Sixty two type 2 DM were recruited from 8 working area Primary Health Centers in Bandung who have diagnosed DM, using purposive sampling technique. Knowledge questionnaire from Michigan Diabetes Research and Training Center’s Brief Diabetes Knowledge Test, Self-efficacy were measured by the developed Stanford Patients Education Research Center. Both of questionnaires comprised five dimensions: nutrition, sport and activity, drugs and glucose monitoring. Patients of in intervention group received 2 weeks Diabetes Mellitus education program be given healthcare workers. Techniques used in this program consisted of community-based education, goal setting, follow-up and face-to-face interview. Data were analyzed by independent t-test. Results. There are significantly different of knowledge and self-efficacy after community-based education program in intervention (M = 9.26, SD = 2.8 ; M = 53.26, SD = 10.50) and control group (M = 7.39, SD = 2.4; M = 36.74, SD = 4.49). This study revealed that community-based education program significantly improved self-efficacy (p=0.000) but not improved for knowledge (p=0.180). Conclusion. These findings indicated that Knowledge and Self-efficacy of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients in Bandung required improvement. Therefore, further study regarding the effective in improving knowledge and self-efficacy type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is extremely needed.
Mosquito Nests Eradication through Monitoring the Mosquito Larva (Jumantik) by School Children in Preventing the Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever
Authors: Jafar Nuurhidayat , Fadilah Nur , Malasari Silvia , Sangkala Moh Syafar , Setyawati Andina , Wahyuni Andi 
Published: October 2019

Background: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is still a major health problem in Indonesia. Community participation is a key component of DHF control. The group of schoolchildren is part of a group of people who can play a strategic role, considering the number is very much around 20% of the population. Through this Jumantik, the elementary school children are trained as a mosquito larva (jumantik) in their school. Objective: Establishment of larva monitoring group (Jumantik) and implementation of mosquito nest eradication activity at home and at school Method: A community service activity is conducted by recruiting and providing the training for Jumantik School Children and the teachers. Before the training, the students were given with the pre-test. After the training, the students followed the post-test and were given the mosquito eradication kit to undertake the mosquito larva monitoring at school and home. Result: As much as nine elementary students and three teachers were formed as jumantik volunteers from three different elementary schools namely Malewang, Palleko and Pangembang . The result of pre-test of 9 students, the average score of 8.67 (maximum points 15) with the highest score 11 and the lowest score 6. While the post test results obtained an average value of 11, 89 with the highest value 14 and the lowest value 10. The forms of activity for this program were: establishment of Jumatik school children, distribution of mosquito eradication kit, distribution of leaflet and stickers as the media of health promotion, provision of certificate of training of Jumantic school children and the teachers, the establishment of Plan of Action (POA) of the program and the production of second-hand good products. Conclusion and Suggestion: There are six activities that was implemented in this community service activity. It is suggested that the school to carry out routine activities according to the POA that has been agreed and the community health center can supervise the activity undertaken by the Jumantik school children. Keywords: Jumantik, Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever, school children, mosquito eradication
Effect Of Long Term Inhaled Corticosteroid Therapy On Adrenal Suppression, Growth And Bone Health In Children With Asthma
Authors: Anuradha K W D A , Prematilake G L D C , Batuwita B A U I , Kannangoda KASR , Hewagamage U S , Wijeratne S , Lankatilake Kantha , de Silva KSH 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Abstract
Background
Inhaled corticosteroids(ICS) are the most effective treatment for children with persistent asthma .However adverse effects of ICS on Hypothalamo Pituitary Adrenal (HPA) axis, growth and bone metabolism are a concern. Hence the primary objective of this study was to describe the effects of long term inhaled corticosteroid therapy (ICS) on adrenal function, growth and bone health in children with asthma in comparison to an age and sex matched group of children with asthma who were not on long term ICS. .Describing the association between the dose of ICS and duration of therapy on the above parameters were secondary objectives.
Method
Seventy children with asthma on ICS and 70 controls were studied. Diagnosis of asthma in selected patients was reviewed according to the criteria laid down by GINA 2018 guidelines .The estimated adult heights were interpreted relative to their Mid Parental Height (MPH) range. Serum calcium, alkaline phosphatase and vitamin D levels were analyzed in both groups and cortisol value at 30 minutes following a low dose short synacthen test was obtained from the study group. The average daily dose of ICS (Beclamethasone) was categorized as low, medium and high (100-200, 200-400, >400 ug /day) respectively according to published literature.
Results
Heights of all children were within the MPH range. There was no statistically significant difference in the bone profiles and vitamin D levels between the two groups (Ca: p=0.554, vitamin D: p=0.187) but vitamin D levels were insufficient (<50 nmol/l) in 34% of cases and 41% of controls. Suppressed cortisol levels were seen in 24%. Doses of ICS were low, medium and high in 56%, 32% and 12% of children respectively. The association between adrenal suppression with longer duration of therapy (p<0.01) and with increasing dose of ICS (p<0.001) were statistically significant.
Conclusion
ICS had no impact on the growth and bone profiles but its dose and duration were significantly associated with adrenal suppression.
Key Words- Asthma, Inhaled corticosteroids, Growth, Adrenal suppression, Bone Metabolism, Vitamin D
Youth StepCare: A pilot study of an online screening and recommendations service for depression and anxiety among youth patients in general practice.
Authors: Parker Belinda , Achilles Melinda Rose , Subotic-Kerry Mirjana , O'Dea Bridianne 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: General Practitioners (GPs) are ideally placed to identify and manage emerging mental illness in young people, however, many report low levels of confidence in doing so. A web-based universal screening service delivered via a mobile tablet, Youth StepCare, was developed to assist GPs in identifying depression and anxiety symptoms in youth patients. The service also provided evidence-based treatment recommendations and fortnightly monitoring of symptoms. The current study assessed the feasibility and acceptability of delivering the Youth StepCare service in Australian general practices. Methods: A 12-week uncontrolled trial was undertaken between August 2018 and January 2019 in two general practices in NSW, Australia. The service was offered to all youth patients aged 14-17 years who visited their participating GP during the screening period alongside their parent or guardian. Youth patients reported the presence of depressive and anxiety symptoms using the self-report Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and the Generalised Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire-7. New cases were defined as those who were experiencing symptoms and were not currently visiting their GP, nor had previously sought help for mental health issues. Feasibility and acceptability of the service among GPs and practice staff was assessed using a battery of questionnaires. Results: Five GPs and 6 practice staff participated in the trial. A total of 46 youth patients were approached and 28 consented to participate. Of these, 19 completed the screener (67.9%). Nine reported symptoms of anxiety or depression, two of which were new cases (22.2%). GPs and practice staff were satisfied with the service, reporting that there was a need for the service, and that they would use it again. Conclusions: The Youth StepCare service appears to be a useful tool for identifying youth with unidentified symptoms of mental illness that can be easily embedded into general practice. Further research would benefit from exploring the factors affecting initial GP uptake and a larger trial is required to determine the efficacy of the service on young people’s symptom reduction.
Latent Dirichlet Allocation in Predicting Clinical Trial Terminations
Authors: Geletta Simon , Follett Lendie , Laugerman Marcia R 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background : This study used natural language processing (NLP) and machine learning (ML) techniques to identify reliable patterns from within research narrative documents to distinguish studies that complete successfully, from the ones that terminate. Recent research findings have reported that at least ten percent of all studies that are funded by major research funding agencies terminate without yielding useful results. Since it is well-known that scientific studies that receive funding from major funding agencies are carefully planned, and rigorously vetted through the peer-review process, it was somewhat daunting to us that study-terminations are this prevalent. Moreover, our review of the literature about study terminations suggested that the reasons for study terminations are not well understood. We therefore aimed to address that knowledge gap, by seeking to identify the factors that contribute to study failures.

Method : We used data from the clinicialTrials.gov repository, from which we extracted both structured data (study characteristics), and unstructured data (the narrative description of the studies). We applied natural language processing techniques to the unstructured data to quantify the risk of termination by identifying distinctive topics that are more frequently associated with trials that are terminated and trials that are completed. We used the Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) technique to derived 25 “topics” with corresponding sets of probabilities, which we then used to predict study-termination by utilizing random forest modeling. We fit two distinct models – one using only structured data as predictors and another model with both structured data and the 25 text topics derived from the unstructured data.

Results : In this paper, we demonstrate the interpretive and predictive value of LDA as it relates to predicting clinical trial failure. The results also demonstrate that the combined modeling approach yields robust predictive probabilities in terms of both sensitivity and specificity, relative to a model that utilizes the structured data alone.

Conclusions : Our study demonstrated that the use of topic modeling using LDA significantly raises the utility of unstructured data in better predicating the completion vs. termination of studies.
VES-13 Role to Identify Limited Life Expectancy in Older Adults in Primary Care Settings
Authors: Assis Danilo Lopes , Chagas Virginia Oliveira , Santos Helton Saulo Bezerra dos , Suemoto Cláudia Kimie , Santana Alfredo Nicodemos Cruz 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: Population aging is a phenomenon that represents a challenge to the health systems, especially to settings with limited economic resources. In this scenario, it is essential to perform adequate screening, diagnostic, and therapeutic approaches to reduce health vulnerability. To investigate, for the first time, the potential role of Vulnerable Elders Survey (VES-13) to identify older adults with Limited Life Expectancy (LLE) (defined as estimated 10-year mortality risk ≥ 50%) in Primary Health Care (PHC) settings. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed in all PHC units in Jatai (Brazil) from July to December 2018. The sample size of 407 elderly individuals was obtained considering an older population (≥60 years old) of 10,853, a 50% prevalence, a 5% margin of error, a 95% confidence level, and 10% of possible losses. Participants answered a questionnaire about sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, including the VES-13 (a tool to identify health vulnerability) and the Suemoto index (an index to estimate 10-year mortality risk for community-dwelling older adults). We tested the association between LLE and VES-13, using multiple logistic regression analysis. In addition, we investigated the discrimination of the VES-13 in identifying individuals with LLE using the area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUROC). Results: The mean age was 68.9 ± 6.6yo, and 58% were women. The mean score of VES-13 was 2.0 ± 2.2, the mean score of Suemoto index was 31.5 ± 21.1%, and 17.2% had LLE. The VES-13 was associated with LLE (OR=1.57; p=<0.0001). Moreover, a VES-13 score ≥2 points was able to discriminate LLE (AUROC=0.764 (95%CI=0.078-0.820); sensitivity 81%). Conclusion: VES-13was able to identify older adults with LLE in PHC settings. Thus, the VES-13 could play a role in detecting older adults that would not benefit from screening (e.g., colorectal cancer) and strict control of chronic diseases (e.g., diabetes). However, other longitudinal studies are needed to confirm the role of VES-13 in identifying older adults with LLE, before the VES-13 can be adopted in routine clinical practice decisions in PHC, since we used a prediction model to identify LLE.
Urban-rural differences in long-term care service status and needs among home-based elderly people in China
Authors: Zhang Liangwen , Zeng Yanbing , Han Ying , Wang Lixia , Fang Ya 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background: Long-term care (LTC) needs for the elderly have become increasingly crucial policy concerns in rapidly aging Asia, especially in China, the most populous nation. However, very few studies have examined the cohort differences in terms of their existing and expected utilization of LTC services, above all urban-rural differences. This study aims to evaluate the differences of LTC current status and needs between urban-rural areas and to identify influencing factors causing the different LTC needs. Methods: The data comes from the Chinese Longitudinal Health Longevity Survey in 2014. 7192 home-based elderly aged ≥65 years by multistage sampling were enrolled. The Andersen Model was applied to categorize the influential factors into three components including predisposing, enabling and needs. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influential factors of the three levels of LTC needs. Results: A total of 6909 valid sample sizes were included in this study. The overall LTC needs of the elderly showed a rapidly increasing trend among which older people had the highest needs for bathing (27.29%) and toileting (15.8%). It was also demonstrated the aged cohort between urban and rural exerted an impact on all aspects of LTC status and needs to varying degrees (P＜0.05). Compared with urban areas, the LTC needs for the elderly in rural areas was more vigorous, but the supply was seriously inadequate. The elderly who were older, living in rural areas, unmarried, non-farming, with low income, in poor health, and less autonomy had higher anticipated needs for LTC services (ORs>1, P＜0.01). Compared with the young-old in rural, the young-old in urban were prone to live alone (ORs=1.61, P＜0.01). The elderly who were older, living in rural areas, farming, with low income, lonely and depressed had higher anticipated needs for community-based services (1＜ORs＜1.69, P＜0.05).Conclusions: The aged cohort in urban-rural distinction were facing an increasing need of immediate care due to the inadequate supports being provided, especially among rural elderly. The oldest old in rural areas had higher LTC needs, and different levels of needs were affected by age, economic level, family support and health status and other related effects. This study provides evidence-based recommendation for further improving the construction and development of the LTC system in China.
Ocular Trauma Pattern in the North Bund Area of Shanghai Pinpoints Risk Factors and Predicts Visual Outcomes
Authors: Zhang Jian , Chen Shimei , Suo Yan , Yao Xieyi , Wei Fang , Chen Fenge 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: To identify the ocular trauma pattern in the north Bund area of Shanghai.Methods: This is a retrospective, cross-sectional study. Patients between January 2016 and December 2018 with trauma in one eye and being hospitalized for at least one day in Shanghai General Hospital were selected in this study. All patients received first evaluation at the emergency room, followed by careful eye examination by one of attending ophthalmologists and reevaluation by one of the authors. Demographics and related patient’s clinical data at the time when trauma occurred were recorded, including age, gender, occupation, cause and type of trauma, location and size of injury, type of surgery, and hospitalization time. Results: 206 patients were reviewed. We found that gender and age are two mutually correlated risk factors for ocular trauma. We also identified occupation as a major risk factor, which is closely associated with penetrating/ intraocular foreign body injuries. Moreover, season change adds an additional layer of risk factor for ocular trauma, showing a significantly higher peak of ocular trauma percentage in hot summer months. Furthermore, retinal detachment and vitreous hemorrhage were identified as two prevailed types of complications. Importantly, we found that complications, along with location and/or size of injuries, determine the visual outcomes. Conclusions: We identified a clear ocular trauma pattern in the north Bund area of Shanghai. Importantly, complications, location and/or size of injuries determine the visual outcomes. Our findings pinpoint risk factors for ocular trauma, which predict visual outcomes and might be further applied in eye injury prevention.
Comparison of Optical Quality and Distinct Macular Thickness in Femtosecond Laser-Assisted versus Phacoemulsification Cataract Surgery
Authors: Wang Yong , Zhang Jinling , Qin Miaomiao , Miao Jianguo , Chen Wei , Huang Yemeng , Wu Jian , Guan Yu , Guan Huaijin 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: Optical quality and macular thickness changing optical quality is rarely reported after femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery. In current research, we evaluated optical quality recovery and distinct macular thicknesschanges after FLACS and phacoemulsification cataract surgery (PCS). Methods: A total of 100 cataract patients (100 eyes) were included (50 eyes for the FLACS group and 50 eyes for the PCS group). Modulation transfer function (MTF), point spread function (PSF) and dysfunctional lens index (DLI) were measured by a ray-tracing aberrometer (iTrace). Uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) and corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) were also assessed pre-operation and 1 month after surgery. The MTF values at spatial frequencies of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 cycles/degree (c/d) were selected. We used optical coherence tomography (OCT) to assess the macular thickness of different regions pre-operatively and1month after the surgery. Results: In PCS group, we found the statistically significant differences between pre-operation and post-operation in DLI ( p <0.0001), PSF(strehl ratio, SR) ( p= 0.027) and MTF ( p =0.028), but not intraocular pressure (IOP) ( p =0.857). The differences between pre-operation and post-operation for DLI ( p =0.031), SR ( p =0.01) and IOP ( p =0.03), but not MTF ( p =0.128) were also found in FLACS group. The differences were statistically significant when the spatial frequencies were at 5, 10 and 25 ( p =0.013, 0.031 and 0.048) between pre-operation and post-operation in PCS group but not FLACS group. In PCS group, we found the differences between pre-operation and post-operation in nasal inter macular ring thickness (NIMRT) ( p =0.03), foveal volume (FV) ( p =0.034) and average retinal thickness (ART) ( p =0.025) but not FLACS group. Conclusion: FLACSis safe that did not cause significant increase of macular thickness in current study. However, it also cannot produce better optical quality. In contrast,PCS can produce macular thickness changes, but better optical quality recovery. The slightly retinal change may not affect optical quality.
Displacement in root apex and changes in incisor inclination affect alveolar bone remodeling in adult bimaxillary protrusion patients: a retrospective study
Authors: Mao Huimin , Yang Andi , Pan Yue , Li Houxuan , lei lang 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background Periodontal risk is of great concern for periodontists and orthodontists in the inter-disciplinary management of patients with bimaxillary protrusion. The aim of present study is to investigate changes in the alveolar bone in the maxillary incisor region and to explore its relationship with displacement of root apex as well as changes in the inclination of maxillary incisors during incisor retraction.Methods Samples in this retrospective study consisted of 38 patients with bimaxillary protrusion. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images was taken before(T0) and after (T1) treatment. Alveolar bone thickness (ABT), height (ABH) and area (ABA) were utilized to evaluate changes in the alveolar bone, while incisor inclination and apex displacement were used to assess changes in the position of maxillary central and lateral incisors. Correlations between alveolar bone remodeling and apex displacement as well as changes in the inclination were investigated.Results The labial ABT of central and lateral incisors at the mid-root third was increased. In contrast, the palatal ABT at crestal, mid-root and apical third level were consistently decreased. ABH was not altered on the labial side, while significantly decreased on the palatal side. ABA was not significantly increased on the labial side, but significantly decreased on the palatal side, leading to a significantly reduced total ABA. Orthodontic treatment significantly reduced inclination of upper incisors. Changes in the amount (T1-T0) of ABA was remarkably correlated with apex displacement and changes of inclination (T1-T0); in addition, using the multivariate linear regression analysis, changes of ABA on the palatal side (T1-T0) can be described by following equation: Changes of palatal ABA (T1-T0) = -3.258- 0.139× changes of inclination (T1-T0) + 2.533×apex displacement (T1-T0).Conclusions Retraction of incisors in bimaxillary protrusion patients may compromise periodontal bone support on the palatal side. An equation that incorporated the displacement of root apex and change in the incisor inclination may enable periodontist-orthodontist interdisciplinary coordination in assessing treatment risks and developing an individualized treatment plan for adult patients with bimaxillary protrusion.