bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Institutional Ownership, Types of Industry, and Income Smoothing: Empirical Evidence from Indonesia
Authors: Suyono Eko 
Published: July 2019

This paper aims to evaluate the influence of institutional ownership and types of industry on income smoothing in the Indonesian listed firms. Basing on the literature and using panel data approach, it examines 112 firms listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during 2012 to 2016 periods (i.e., 560 observations). By using OLS regression to test the hypotheses, the result shows that institutional ownership does not influence significantly on income smoothing practice. Moreover, types of industry do not influence on income smoothing practices, except for consumer goods industry which influences significantly on income smoothing practice. With regard to the company size as a control variable, the result shows that company size influences positively on income smoothing practice. Therefore, this study contributes in providing empirical evidence on the link between institutional ownership, types of industry, and income smoothing practice in emerging market context (i.e., Indonesia).
Social, clinical and psychometric factors affecting self-rated oral health, self-rated health and well-being in elders
Authors: Damaskinos Popie , Koletsi-Kounari Haritini , Mamai-Homata Eleni , Papaioannou William 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background

The study aims to explore the social influences, gradients and predictors of self-rated oral health (SROH) and self-rated health (SRH) and well-being in Greek elders.

Methods

Cross-sectional study, of elderly men and women, aged 65 years and over (N=743), in two municipalities in Greece. Descriptive and statistical analyses were performed for dentate and edentulous participants. For the association between socioeconomic exposures and binary outcomes, logistic regression was performed to estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (OR, 5% CI); levels of association and Cramer’s V were applied to calculate associations and p-values.

Results

Household income, education level and last main occupation were predictors and determinants of both SROH and self-rated health (SRH). All objective socioeconomic measures (income, education and occupation) and subjective social status (SSS) were predictors of SROH and SRH; however, the objective socioeconomic measures were not predictors of satisfaction with life (SWL). SSS was statistically significant for SROH, SRH and SWL, p<0.01.

Conclusions

Gender, municipality, long-standing illness, SSS and loneliness were predictors of SWL in the examined dentate population. For SROH and SRH, the results showed that household income less than 800 euros per month, education level, occupation and SSS were significant predictors. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to examine the effect of subjective and objective socioeconomic measures and find inequalities in both oral and general health and in the gradient of SROH among elderly adults in Greece.
How to reduce excessive use of health care service in medical aid beneficiaries: an economic impact of community-based case management
Authors: Kim Myung Ja , Lee Eunhee 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background

Community based case management for medical aid beneficiaries was implemented in Korea to induce rational use of medical care among the beneficiaries and stabilize the financial system. This study investigated the economic impact of community based case management on health care utilization and cost.

Methods

This study is a quantitative policy evaluation study to evaluate the impact of case management on excessive use of health care service in medical aid beneficiaries using national database.

Results

Total 1,741 medical aid beneficiaries with case management included in this study. Case management was provided to three target group, high-risk, long-term inpatient, and intensive care group. An increase in health-related quality of life (QOL) and the ability to use appropriate health care and a reduction in health care utilization and cost were observed for case management. There was no significant difference in the reduction in the total number of visiting days and the cost between the groups.

Conclusions

An increase in the health care utilization among medical aid beneficiaries has been observed due to the aging population and increase in the number of recipients. To reduce health care costs while maintaining the health status of the beneficiaries, it is necessitated to expand the targeted management.
Acute and Transitional Care or Rehabilitation? Retrospective analysis of discharge planning from a municipal hospital in Switzerland
Authors: Kollbrunner Lara , Michael Rost , Insa Koné , Bettina Zimmermann , Yvonne Padrutt , Tenzin Wangmo , Simone Elger Bernice 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background

Due to rising health care costs, in 2012 Switzerland introduced SwissDRG, a reimbursement system for hospitals based on lump sums per case. To circumvent possible negative consequences like reduction in length of stay, acute and transitional care (ATC) was anchored into the law (Federal act on health insurance) in 2011. ATC as a discharge option is applicable to patients with no capacity for rehabilitation, but are unable to return home and are in need of temporary professional nursing care. ATC is associated with higher out of pocket costs to the patient than rehabilitation. Since social service workers are responsible for organizing discharge of patients with ongoing care needs after hospitalization, the aim of this study was to investigate how social service workers manage patient discharge in light of the new discharge option ATC.

Methods

Data was collected from 660 medical records of inpatients from Zurich's municipal hospital, Triemli, in 2016. We compared patients discharged to ATC and rehabilitation using inferential statistics and qualitatively analyzed written statements from social service workers.

Results

Our results showed that patients discharged to rehabilitation had a higher total number of discussions, but a shorter duration of discussions. Patients discharged to rehabilitation faced more delays, above all because of unavailability of free places. Conflicts concerning discharge arose mainly because of costs, discharge placement and too early discharge.

Conclusions

Our findings demonstrate how important social service workers are in explaining to patients about different discharge options. The newness of SwissDRG and ATC is still likely to cause longer discussion times and, consequently, more workload for social service workers. Only a small fraction of patients disagreed with their place of discharge, mostly due to financial reasons.
Feasibility and Desirability of Scaling up Community –based Health Insurance (CBHI) in rural communities in Uganda. Lessons from Kisiizi hospital CBHI scheme.
Authors: AYEBAZIBW ALEX KAKAMA 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Abstract
Background
Community-based health Insurance (CBHI) schemes have promoted equitable healthcare access and raised additional revenue for health sector, in addition to forming foundations for National Health Insurance schemes in many countries. Non-profit making organisations characterised by solidarity, voluntary membership and prepayment for health care.
Kisiizi hospital CBHI scheme has 41,500 registered members since 1996, organised in 210 community associations known as ‘Bataka’ or ‘Engozi’ societies. Members pay annual premium fees and a co-payment fee before service utilisation.
This Study aimed at exploring the feasibility and desirability of scaling up CBHI in Rubabo County, with objectives of; exploring community perceptions and determining acceptability of CBHI, identifying barriers and enablers to scaling up CBHI and documenting lessons regarding CBHI expansion in a rural community.

Method: Descriptive study using qualitative methods. Key informant interviews and Focus Group Discussions (FGD) were used in data collection. Participants were selected from three villages with differing levels of insurance coverage.
Twenty two key informant interviews were conducted using semi-structured questionnaires. Three FGD for scheme members and three for non-scheme members were conducted. Data was analysed using thematic approach.
Results:
Scaling up Kisiizi hospital CBHI is desirable because; it conforms to the national social protection agenda, conforms to society values, offers a comprehensive benefits package, and is a better healthcare financing alternative for many households.

Secondly, scaling up Kisiizi hospital CBHI is largely feasible since a strong network of community associations exist, trusted quality of services at Kisiizi Hospital, affordable fees, and trusted leadership and management systems. However, scale up of the Kisiizi hospital CBHI is still limited by; long distances and high transport costs to Kisiizi hospital, low levels of knowledge about insurance, overlapping financial priorities at household level and inability of some households to pay insurance fees.

Conclusions
CBHI scheme implementation requires the following considerations; Conformity with local society values, conformity with national policies/guidelines, a comprehensive benefits package, trusted quality of healthcare services, affordable fees, and trusted leadership and management systems.
Key words
Community-based Health Insurance, Universal Health Coverage, Health financing, Enrolment
vacA genotypes and EPIYA motifs of Helicobacter pylori in patients with atrophic and non-atrophic gastritis
Authors: Escalante Santiago , Navarrete Cesar , Nuñez Daniela , Reyes Jorge , Zabala Andres , Pazmiño Galo 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Summary

Background

Helicobacter pylori is the main microorganism causing gastrointestinal diseases, such as chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, MALT lymphoma, among others. The presence of the s1/m1 genotype of the vacA gene and EPIYA phosphorylation motifs of the cagA gene have been linked to the production of prolonged gastric inflammation. This study determines the presence of these virulence genotypes and their relationship with atrophic gastritis.

Methods

We included 231 patients with a history of dyspepsia undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Samples of gastric tissue were taken to establish, through molecular techniques, the presence of H. pylori by amplifying the ureA and flaA2 housekeeping genes; in addition, the alleles of signal (s) and of the middle region (m) present in the vacA gene were amplified; and by sequencing the repeating patterns of the tyrosine phosphorylation motifs within the Glu-Pro-Ile-Tyr-Ala (EPIYA) motifs of the cagA gene were also amplified. A chi-square test was performed in order to establish the relationship between the virulence genes and the degrees of gastric injury.

Results

A total of (91/231) samples were positive for H. pylori, of which (57/91) amplified the cagA gene and (66/91) the vacA gene. 81.8% (54/66) of the positive samples for the vacA gene showed the combination of the s1/m1 alleles, associated mostly with atrophic gastritis (AG). The most frequent EPIYA motifs were ABC and ABCC, with 54.4% (31/57) and 40.4% (23/57) respectively. A relation of the genes with AG and its injury severity with a p>0.05 value was observed. The cagA +/vacA s1/m1+/EPIYA ABC pattern is found in most samples. A p=0.02 relationship was found between the presence of the vacA gene and the cagA gene.

Conclusions

The results show a higher proportion of gastric atrophy in patients infected with H. pylori. The sum of the pathogenicity factors such as the cagA+/vacA s1/m1+/EPIYA ABCC genotype increases the virulence potential of the microorganism, suggesting that the coexistence of these genes could result in an increase in the severity of the progression of inflammation that leads to precancerous lesions.
Real-time diagnostic yield of white light endoscopy, chromoendoscopy and magnifying endoscopy with narrow band imaging in the undiagnosed gastric lesions after Helicobacter pylori eradication
Authors: Tahara Tomomitsu , Horiguchi Noriyuki , Terada Tsuyoshi , Yoshida Dai , Okubo Masaaki , Funasaka Kohei , Nakagawa Yoshihito , Shibata Tomoyuki , Ohmiya Naoki 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background: Early-stage gastric cancer (EGC) after Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) often confuse endoscopic diagnosis. We prospectively evaluated the real-time diagnostic yield of combining white light endoscopy (WLE), chromoendoscopy (CE), and magnifying endoscopy with narrow band imaging (ME-NBI) for undiagnosed gastric lesions after H. pylori eradication.
Methods: Using a retrospective data set, we conducted a consensus meeting to learn ME-NBI features of EGC after H. pylori eradication associated with diagnostic difficulty. Then, we prospectively evaluated the real-time diagnostic yield of WL, followed by CE, and ME-NBI in the diagnosis of 166 newly identified gastric lesions from 219 patients after H. pylori eradication.
Results: A consensus meeting characterized ME-NBI feature of EGC with diagnostic difficulty, as having irregular vessel patterns in only tiny area of the lesion. Among 166 undiagnosed gastric lesions in the prospective study, 22 neoplastic lesions (18 adenocarcinomas and 4 adenomas) were identified. In these lesions, diagnosed case was dramatically increased when combined with ME-NBI (98%) compared to WLE alone (54%) and CE with WLE (63%) (WLE+CE+ME-NBI vs. others, all P<0.0001). In the diagnosed cases, the diagnostic accuracy was also improved when combined with ME-NBI (99.4%) compared to WLE alone (92.2%: P=0.004) and CE with WLE (95.1%: P=0.03).
Conclusions: WLE combined with ME-NBI can improve the diagnostic yield of EGC in patients after H. pylori eradication. For precise diagnosis of EGC by ME-NBI, it is essential to detect irregular vessels.
Risk factors for peritonitis in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis who undergo colonoscopy: A retrospective multicentre study
Authors: Gweon Tae-Geun , Jung Sung Hoon , Kim Sang Woo , Lee Kang-Moon , Cheung Dae Young , Lee Bo-In , Choi Hwang 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background: Colonoscopy is associated with a risk of peritonitis in patients on peritoneal dialysis. However, no study has yet described the risk factors in play.
Methods: This was a retrospective multicentre study. The medical records of patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) who underwent colonoscopy from January 2003 to December 2012 were analysed. We recorded demographic characteristics, colonoscopic factors, use of prophylactic antibiotics, and development of peritonitis. Colonoscopy-related peritonitis was defined as peritonitis developing within 1 week after colonoscopy. Demographic and clinical characteristics were compared between patients who did and those who did not develop peritonitis.
Results: During the study period, 236 patients on CAPD underwent colonoscopy, of whom 9 (3.8%) developed peritonitis. The rates of polypectomy/endoscopic mucosal resection were significantly higher in the peritonitis group than in the no peritonitis group (66.7 vs. 23.4%, p=0.009). Prophylactic antibiotics were prescribed before colonoscopy in 65 patients; none developed peritonitis. No patient who developed peritonitis received prophylactic antibiotics (p=0.067).
Conclusions: Advanced procedures including polypectomy or endoscopic mucosal resection increase colonoscopy-related peritonitis in patients on CAPD. Prophylactic antibiotics should be administered before colonoscopy to such patients.
Blood donors’ knowledge and attitude towards blood donation at North Gondar district blood bank, Northwest Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Enawgaw Bamlaku , Yalew Aregawi , Shiferaw Elias 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Objective: Blood transfusion saves millions of lives. In Ethiopia, the need and the actual number of donations are not balanced. The actual reason is not clearly assessed however level of knowledge and attitude may be the main contributing factors. Thus, the current study aimed to assess blood donors’ knowledge and attitude towards blood donation at North Gondar district blood bank.
Results: Of 401 blood donors, 142 (35.4%) and 379 (94.5%) of them had adequate knowledge and positive attitude, respectively. About 343 (85.5%) of study participants had no previous experience of blood donation. Perceptions of fear of pain, medically unfitness to donate and lack of information on when, where and how to donate blood were mentioned as reason for not donating blood. Educational status and residence were significantly associated with knowledge while participants with secondary and higher education were more likely to have good attitude towards blood donation. Thus, blood banks and others should design strategies for health education regarding blood transfusion.
Keywords: Blood donation, Blood donors, Knowledge, Attitude, Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia
Heavy metals sorption onto alluvial soil under various operational conditions
Authors: Fattah Bayan abdel , Mossad Mohamed , El-Etriby Hisham Kh. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The removal of lead Pb+2, copper Cu+2 and cadmium Cd+2 from aqueous solutions by alluvial soil (AL) as adsorbent has been investigated in a series of laboratory scale experiments under various operational conditions (solution pH, adsorbent dose, ions concentration and contact time). Characterization of AL has been carried out using infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The surface of AL beads is irregular with many spaces, channels and holes, which are helpful for mass transfer of metal ions into AL soil. The optimum ions removal can be achieved in alkaline solutions. Ions removal efficiency is directly related to contact time and adsorbant dose and inversely related to the initial ions concentration. Ion selectivity on AL followed the order of Pb+2 &gt; Cu+2 &gt; Cd+2. The results confirm that AL can remove heavy metals from wastewater efficiently, which is a cheap and environmentally friendly adsorbent. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms fit the experimental data perfectly. The results indicate that the adsorption of pb+2, Cu+2 and Cd+2 ions is well fitted by the pseudo second-order kinetic model.
Expression Suppression and Activity Inhibition of TRPM7 Regulate Cytokine Production and Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome During Endotoxemia: a New Target for Sepsis
Authors: Gatica Sebastian , Eltit Felipe , Santibanez Juan F. , Varela Diego , Cabello-Verrugio Claudio , Simon Felipe 
Published: July 2019

Background:Main pathological features detected during sepsis and endotoxemia include over-secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and multiorgan dysfunction syndrome (MODS). Unfortunately, current clinical efforts to treat sepsis are unsatisfactory, and mortality remains high. Interestingly, transient receptor potential (TRP) melastatin 7 (TRPM7) ion channel controlling Ca2+ and Mg2+ permeability is involved in cytokine production and inflammatory response. Furthermore, TRPM7 downregulation has been shown to alleviate local symptoms in some models of sepsis, but its effects at a systemic level remain to be explored.Objective:To test whether TRPM7 mediates cytokine production and MODS during endotoxemia.Method:Endotoxemic and sham-endotoxemic rats were subjected to pharmacological inhibition of TRPM7 using carvacrol, or to expression suppression by adenovirus delivery of shRNA (AdVshTRPM7). Then, cytokine and MODS levels in the blood were measured.Results:Inhibition of TRPM7 with carvacrol and suppression with AdVshTRPM7 were both efficient in inhibiting the over-secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-12, in endotoxemic rats, without inducing downregulation in blood levels of antiinflammatory cytokines IL-10 and IL-4. Additionally, the use of carvacrol and AdVshTRPM7 significantly prevented liver and pancreas dysfunction, altered metabolic function, and hypoglycemia, induced by endotoxemia. Furthermore, muscle mass wasting and cardiac muscle damage were also significantly reduced by the use of carvacrol and AdVshTRPM7 in endotoxemic rats.Conclusion:Our results indicate TRPM7 ion channel as a key protein regulating inflammatory responses and MODS during sepsis. Moreover, TRPM7 appears as a novel molecular target for the management of sepsis.
The Association of Transcription Factor 7 like 2 Gene Polymorphism with Diabetic Nephropathy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Morgan Marianne Fathy , Salam Randa Fayez , Rady Normeen Hany , Alnaggar Alshaimaa Rezk L.R. , Ammar Soha Hamed , Ghanem Nashwa Said 
Published: July 2019

Background:
The exact relationship between the different TCF7L2 gene polymorphisms
and the development of diabetic nephropathy (DN) remains unclear.

Objective:
To investigate the association of TCF7L2 rs12255372 (G/T) gene polymorphism and diabetic
nephropathy (DN) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Methods:
100 patients with T2D (50 patients without DN and 50 patients with DN) and 50 age and
sex-matched healthy controls (HC) were enrolled in the study. Genotyping for the rs12255372 (G>T)
polymorphism in the TCF7L2 gene was performed by real-time PCR.

Results:
The rs12255372 polymorphism showed a statistically significant difference between HC and
patients with and without DN in both the genotype and allele frequency. However, the rs12255372
polymorphism genotype or allele frequency was not statistically different between patients with DN
and those patients without DN. The G allele was found to be higher in patients and the T allele was
higher in HC suggesting that the G allele was the risk allele for developing T2D &DN and that the T
allele was protective.

Conclusion:
rs12255372 TCF7L2 gene polymorphism was strongly associated with type 2 diabetes
mellitus and DN. The association between rs12255372 polymorphism and DN was a mere reflection of
a complicated diabetes mellitus rather than a direct independent association.
Synthesis, Antitumor Activity, Molecular Docking and DFT Study of Novel Pyrimidiopyrazole Derivatives
Authors: Fahim Asmaa M. , Elshikh Mohamed S. , Darwish Noura M. 
Published: July 2019

Background:In this investigation, 2-cyano-N-(2,4-dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidin-5-yl) acetamide (3) reacts with dimethylformamide dimethyl acetal (DMF-DMA) to afford the corresponding (E)- 2-cyano-3-(dimethylamino)-N-(2,4-dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidin-5-yl)acrylam-ide (4) utilizing microwave irradiation. The condensation reactions of acrylamide derivative 4 with hydrazine derivatives obtain pyrazole derivatives 6a and 6b; respectively. The synthesized compounds demonstrate in vitro antitumor activity against liver tumor cell line HepG2. Furthermore, additional studies were carried out on the most effective compound 6b to evaluate the potential interaction against 4hdq synthase complex with ΔE= -4.5Kcal/mol and with short distance = 1.727Å and 2.027Å, respectively. The comprehensive theoretical studies of compounds 6a and 6b is based on bond length, bond angles and energy gap HOMO-LUMO. In addition, the vibrational frequencies of optimized compounds 6a and 6b were examined through DFT/B3LYP/6+31G(d) basis set.Methods:In this research, synthesis of novel pyrimidiopyrazole derivatives calculated the computational studies to find suitable drug-receptor interactions and biological activity.Results and Discussion:The synthesized pyrimidiopyrazole derivative 6b exhibited high antitumor activity IC50 =12.6 μg/ml and interacted it with 4hdq synthase complex with ΔE=-4.5Kcal/mol and with short distance = 1.727Å and 2.027Å. Furthermore, the optimized compounds utilize Gaussian 09W.Conclusion:In the optimized pyrimidiopyrazole derivatives, 6b showed better antitumor activity HeG-2 against 5-flurouracil due to its energy and confirmed more potent of hydrogen bond interaction with protein pocket.