bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Inkuiri Terbimbing Terhadap Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Peserta Didik SMP Kelas VIII Pada Materi Getaran, Gelombang dan Bunyi
Authors: Amellia Reski , Hasanuddin Hasanuddin , Saenab Sitti 
Published: December 2024

Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui 1) Tingkat keterampilan berpikir kritis peserta didik sebelum dan setelah diajar model pembelajaran inkuiri terbimbing, 2) Peningkatan keterampilan berpikir kritis peserta didik dan 3) Pengaruh model pembelajaran inkuiri terbimbing terhadap keterampilan berpikir kritis peserta didik. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian Quasi Eksperiment. Populasi dalam penelitian ialah seluruh peserta didik kelas VIII SMP Negeri 24 Makassar. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan Porposive Sampling. Teknik analisis data terdiri dari statitistik deskriptif dan inferensial. Hasil penelitian diperoleh kategori keterampilan berpikir kritis peserta didik setelah diajar inkuiri terbimbing berada pada kategori tinggi dengan perolehan nilai rata-rata 68,51. Peningkatan keterampilan berpikir kritis peserta didik yang diajar inkuiri terbimbing berada pada kategori sedang dengan N-Gain 0,47, serta dengan melalui uji t diperoleh Ho ditolak dan Hi diterima dimana nilai dari thitung > ttabel sehingga dapat dinyatakan bahwa terdapat pengaruh model pembelajaran inkuiri terbimbing terhadap keterampilan berpikir kritis peserta didik kelas VIII SMP Negeri 24 Makassar.
Pengembangan E- Booklet Berbasis Flipbook Materi Protista Kelas X Berdasarkan Inventarisasi Makroalga Di Kawasan Wisata Pantai Malabero Kota Bengkulu
Authors: Nurhalimah Nurhalimah , Yennita Yennita , Winarni Endang Widi , Irawati Sri , Jumiarni Dewi 
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis makroalga yang ada di kawasan wisata Pantai Malabero kota Bengkulu berdasarkan aspek morfologi serta untuk mengetahui kelayakan dan respon peserta didik terhadap E-Booklet berbasis flipbook materi Protista. Jenis penelitian ini Research and Deveploment (R&D) dengan menggunakan model Borg and Gall 1989. Pengambilan sampel makroalga menggunakan line transek berupa zig-zag dengan panjang 300 meter yang ditarik lurus dengan mengikuti area bibir pantai diikuti penarikan line transek sepanjang 50 meter menuju laut lepas . Uji kelayakan E-Booklet dilakukan dengan tiga orang validator yang terdiri dari ahli bahan ajar, ahli materi, dan praktisi pendidikan. Uji respon peserta didik terhadap E-Booklet dilakukan dengan 10 responden. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian di Pantai Malabero kota Bengkulu ditemukan sebanyak 11 spesies makroalga, dengan jumlah kelas Chlorophyta 7 spesies, Phaeophyta 2 spesies, serta Rhodophyta 2 spesies. Hasil uji kelayakan E-Booklet memperoleh persentase 93,3 % dengan kategori sangat valid dari ahli bahan ajar, 85,2 % dengan kategori valid dari ahli materi, dan 95,8 % dengan kategori sangat valid oleh praktisi pendidikan. Hasil uji respon peserta didik memperoleh persentase sebesar 94,4 % dengan kategori sangat baik. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa E-Booklet berbasis flipbook dapat digunakan sebagai bahan ajar pada mata pelajaran biologi khususnya materi Protista mirip tumbuhan.
Assessment and Characterization of Colletotrichum species causing Bitter Rot Disease of Apple in Quetta (Pakistan)
Authors: Shahid Muhammad , Naz Farah , Sana Sadia , Irshad Gulshan , Khan Muhammad Azam 
Published: December 2024

Colletotrichum species present a significant threat and posing a serious threat to the economy of Pakistan. This fact is due to suitable environmental conditions for pathogen dispersal. The research was conducted for the accurate identification of Colletotrichum species and studying its pathogenic behaviour responsible for pre-harvest bitter rot disease of apple fruits in Quetta, Pakistan. For this purpose, a survey was conducted in 2016 2017 across ten locations in Quetta to evaluate the disease assessment and sample collection. The findings revealed disease incidence of 39.22% in 2016 and 32.56% in 2017. Symptoms observed sunken brown lesions, measuring 1-4 cm in diameter, on the fruit surface, containing small, pinhead-sized black fruiting structures. A total of 130 fungal isolates were obtained from infected samples and categorized primarily into three groups (A, B, C) based on distinct cultural and morphological characteristics. Pathogenicity test, conducted in triplicate through spore suspension application on healthy apple fruit, confirmed Colletotrichum as the causative pathogen. Furthermore, ten isolates from each group were subjected to molecular analysis to identify the Colletotrichum species using internal transcribed spacer (ITS), beta-tubulin (TUB), and glyceraldehyde-3 phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) gene regions. From sequence analysis, the fungal isolates were identified as three Colletotrichum species mainly Group (A) C. acutatum (B) C. gloeosporioides and (C) C. siamense. Morphological features act as a primary way of identifying Colletotrichum spp. although it is not feasible due to some Colletotrichum genera being morphologically related, consequently molecular method of identification was sufficient for accurate identification and species confirmation. At our knowledge, tion this is the first comprehensive study of Colletotrichum spp. causing bitter rot disease of apple in Pakistan. The findings of our resesearch will pave the way for future disease management experiments, aiming to prevent this disease becoming a serious threat in the region.
Low-cost high performance piezoelectric fabrics based on Nylon-6 nanofibers
Authors: Kwon Dong-Jun , Milam-Guerreroa JoAnna , Choi Yun Young , Myung Nosang Vincent 
Published: December 2024

To fully harness the potential of smart textiles, it is cruical to develop energy harvesters which can function both as fabric and energy generator. In this work, we present a high performance low-cost piezoelectric nano-fabric using even-number Nylon (i.e., Nylon-6). Nylon-6 was chosen for optimal mechanical properties such as mechanical strength and stiffness. To maximize the voltage output, Nylon six nanofibers with varying diameter and crystallinity were synthesized by adjusting the polymer precursor and solvent, along with electrospinning parameters, followed by post thermal treatment. The average diameter of electrospun nanofibers was finely tuned (down to 36 nm) by adjusting solution polymer precursor content and electrospinning parameters. The content of desired piezoelectric-active γ crystal phase enhanced upto 76.4% by controlling solvent types and post thermal annealing. The highest peak to peak voltage (V33) of 1.96 V were achieved from γ-phase dominant (&gt;60%) Nylon-6 nanofiber fabric which has an average nanofiber diameter of 36 nm with high fiber fraction (i.e., &gt; 98%). Unlike its thin film counterpart, piezoelectric electrospun nanofiber fabric demonstrated durability against wear and washing. This work paves a new way to utilize Nylon-6 nanofibers in next-generation electronic textiles.
Feasibility of relaxation along a fictitious field in the 2nd rotating frame (TRAFF2) mapping in the human myocardium at 3 T
Authors: Tourais Joao , Božić-Iven Maša , Zhao Yidong , Tao Qian , Pierce Iain , Nitsche Christian , Thornton George D. , Schad Lothar R. , Treibel Thomas A. , Weingärtner Sebastian , Akçakaya Mehmet 
Published: December 2024

PurposeEvaluate the feasibility of quantification of Relaxation Along a Fictitious Field in the 2nd rotating frame (RAFF2) relaxation times in the human myocardium at 3 T.MethodsTRAFF2 mapping was performed using a breath-held ECG-gated acquisition of five images: one without preparation, three preceded by RAFF2 trains of varying duration, and one preceded by a saturation prepulse. Pixel-wise TRAFF2 maps were obtained after three-parameter exponential fitting. The repeatability of TRAFF2, T1, and T2 was assessed in phantom via the coefficient of variation (CV) across three repetitions. In seven healthy subjects, TRAFF2 was tested for precision, reproducibility, inter-subject variability, and image quality (IQ) on a Likert scale (1 = Nondiagnostic, 5 = Excellent). Additionally, TRAFF2 mapping was performed in three patients with suspected cardiovascular disease, comparing it to late gadolinium enhancement (LGE), native T1, T2, and ECV mapping.ResultsIn phantom, TRAFF2 showed good repeatability (CV &lt; 1.5%) while showing no (R2=0.09) and high (R2=0.99) correlation with T1 and T2, respectively. Myocardial TRAFF2 maps exhibited overall acceptable image quality (IQ = 3.0±1.0) with moderate artifact levels, stemming from off-resonances near the coronary sinus. Average TRAFF2 time across subjects and repetitions was 79.1 ± 7.3 ms. Good precision (7.6 ± 1.4%), reproducibility (1.0 ± 0.6%), and low inter-subject variability (10.0 ± 1.8%) were obtained. In patients, visual agreement of the infarcted area was observed in the TRAFF2 map and LGE.ConclusionMyocardial TRAFF2 quantification at 3 T was successfully achieved in a single breath-hold with acceptable image quality, albeit with residual off-resonance artifacts. Nonetheless, preliminary clinical data indicate potential sensitivity of TRAFF2 mapping to myocardial infarction detection without the need for contrast agents, but off-resonance artifacts mitigation warrants further investigation.
Bare metal stent application to prevent limb occlusion in iliac arteries with severe tortuosity during an endovascular aneurysm repair: a cohort study
Authors: Zeng Xiong , Ju Zhinan , Min Xixi , Zeng Xiande , Chen Wei , Dai Kanghui , Zhou Weimin , Qiu Jiehua 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundThe risk of limb graft occlusion (LGO) after endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) is increased by severe tortuosity of the iliac artery. A bare metal stent (BMS) may protect LGO, according to the hypothesis of this single-center retrospective analysis.MethodsAll patients undergoing elective EVAR with a bifurcated stent graft between January 2012 and June 2022 were included in this cohort study. Patients demonstrating significant tortuosity at the iliac angle were incorporated into this study and classified into two groups: group A comprised those who received a BMS. In contrast, group B consisted of those who did not receive a BMS. The primary outcomes were the incidence of limb occlusion and technical success during the follow-up period. However, secondary outcomes included perioperative mortality, external iliac angioplasty, and crossed-limb techniques.StatementThis study has been reported as being in line with the STROCSS criteria.ResultA total of 157 patients (mean age = 71.6 ± 8 years) with infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysms were enrolled. In total, 50 individuals were included in group A, while 107 were in group B. Overall technical success was 100%, and only one (2%) patient from group A and 17 (15%) from group B suffered from limb occlusion during follow-up (p &lt; 0.05). At a mean follow-up imaging duration of 28.7 ± 23.6 months (range 1–124), the estimated primary limb patency at 2 years was 98% for the BMS group and 84% for the non-BMS group (p &lt; 0.05). There were no changes in perioperative mortality or crossed-limb procedures between the BMS and non-BMS groups. Nonetheless, there were disparities in external iliac angioplasty between the two groups during the follow-up period (p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionDeploying a BMS inside the iliac artery to prevent or treat limb occlusion is a safe and effective strategy, with clear prolonged outcomes concerning patency and re-interventions.
Non-linear dose-response relationship between the visceral adiposity index and diabetes in adults with normoglycemia: a cohort study
Authors: Liang Xiaomin , Xing Zemao , Li Ying , Gui Shuiqing , Hu Haofei 
Published: December 2024

ObjectivePrevious studies have identified a positive link between the visceral adiposity index (VAI) and diabetes in specific populations. Our investigation focused on examining this association in normoglycemic adults in Japan.MethodsA cohort study of NAGALA (NAfld in the Gifu Area Longitudinal Analysis) was undertaken from 2004 to 2015 in Japan. The link between VAI and diabetes was evaluated using multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression and restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression models. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to assess the predictive value of the VAI for incident diabetes.ResultsOur study included 15,452 participants, with 8,418 men (54.48%) and 7,034 women (45.52%). The average age was 43.71 ± 8.90, and 373 participants (2.41%) developed diabetes. VAI was positively related to diabetes (HR=1.13, 95% CI 1.08-1.18). The inflection point of the non-linear relationship was observed at a VAI value of 4.67. For the VAI values up to 4.67, one unit increase in the VAI related to a 24% increase in new-onset diabetes (HR=1.24, 95% CI 1.12-1.37, p&lt;0.0001). Subgroup analysis detected a more robust relationship in women (HR=1.40, 95% CI 1.14-1.70, p=0.0010). ROC analysis indicated that VAI, with an AUC of 0.7479 (95% CI: 0.7237-0.7720), had good predictive power.ConclusionOur cohort study validated the positive and non-linear relationship between the VAI and diabetes in normoglycemic adults in Japan. The relevance was more marked in women than in men. For those with a VAI below 4.67, a further reduction in the VAI could potentially lead to a significant decrease in diabetes risk.
The impact of cognitive bias about infectious diseases on social well-being
Authors: Pestow Radomir 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionWe investigate the relationship between bias, that is, cognitive distortions about the severity of infectious disease and social well-being.Materials and MethodsFirst, we establish empirically the existence of bias and analyze some of its causes; specifically, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Second, we derive an integrated economic-epidemiological differential equation model from an agent-based model that combines myopic rational choice with infectious disease dynamics. Third, we characterize axiomatically a model of an ethical, impartial, eudaemonistic and individualist observer. We prove that such an observer evaluates the state of society (social welfare or social well-being) according to the utilitarian principle.ResultsWe show numerically that while increased risk-perception indeed improves epidemiological outcomes such as peak of infections and total incidence, the impact on social well-being is ambiguous.DiscussionThis result urges to look beyond cases and deaths. We also discuss problematic aspects of the simplified utilitarian principle.ConclusionFinally, we point out three possible future research directions and highlight some critical issues that arise in the normative direction.
Exploring landscape ecological risk with human activity intensity and correlation in the Kuye River Basin
Authors: Wu Yihan , Qin Fucang , Li Long , Dong Xiaoyu 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionThe Kuye River Basin, a typical erosion area of the Loess Plateau region with the second largest tributary of the Yellow River Basin, faces significant environmental challenges and intense human activities. Balancing environmental sustainability and economic development in this region is urgent.MethodsTherefore, this study takes this basin as the object and evaluates the landscape ecological risk and human activity intensity from 2000 to 2022 based on land use/land cover, population distribution and nighttime lighting data. And a geographically weighted regression model was used to reveal the correlation between the two.Results and discussionResults showed that the average landscape ecological risk index in 2000, 2015, and 2022 were 9.01×10-4, 5.61×10-4, and 7.40×10-4, respectively. This shows that the overall landscape ecological risk index is low in the first 15 years and then gradually increases over time. Cultivated land, grassland and construction land are the main landscapes, the expansion of 7.95 times construction land is a key factor in the intensification of human activities, mainly concentrated in the northwest, followed by a gradual expansion towards the south-east, and likewise the landscape ecological risks follow the same trend. Medium to high intensity human activities exacerbate landscape ecological risks, with a significant positive correlation, while low intensity human activities cause little damage to landscape ecology. To achieve sustainability, it is necessary to effectively control construction land and improve land use structure. Then, in the planning work, priority will be given to the northwest region with high human activity intensity and high landscape ecological risks, and the governance direction will gradually shift to the southeast region. These findings provide empirical evidence to support decision-making and underscore the need for comprehensive strategies to mitigate landscape ecological risks and promote sustainable development in the Kuye River Basin.
Gene expression ranking change based single sample pre-disease state detection
Authors: Bao Zhenshen , Li Xianbin , Xu Peng , Zan Xiangzhen 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionTo prevent disease, it is of great importance to detect the critical point (pre-disease state) when the biological system abruptly transforms from normal to disease state. However, rapid and accurate pre-disease state detection is still a challenge when there is only a single sample available. The state transition of the biological system is driven by the variation in regulations between genes.MethodsIn this study, we propose a rapid single-sample pre-disease state-identifying method based on the change in gene expression ranking, which can reflect the coordinated shifts between genes, that is, S-PCR. The R codes of S-PCR can be accessed at https://github.com/ZhenshenBao/S-PCR.ResultsThis model-free method is validated by the successful identification of pre-disease state for both simulated and five real datasets. The functional analyses of the pre-disease state-related genes identified by S-PCR also demonstrate the effectiveness of this computational approach. Furthermore, the time efficiency of S-PCR is much better than that of its peers.DiscussionHence, the proposed S-PCR approach holds immense potential for clinical applications in personalized disease diagnosis.
Machine learning-based diagnostic model of lymphatics-associated genes for new therapeutic target analysis in intervertebral disc degeneration
Authors: Lin Maoqiang , Li Shaolong , Wang Yabin , Zheng Guan , Hu Fukang , Zhang Qiang , Song Pengjie , Zhou Haiyu 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundLow back pain resulting from intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) represents a significant global social problem. There are notable differences in the distribution of lymphatic vessels (LV) in normal and pathological intervertebral discs. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms of lymphatics-associated genes (LAGs) in the development of IVDD remain unclear. An in-depth exploration of this area will help to reveal the biological and clinical significance of LAGs in IVDD and may lead to the search for new therapeutic targets for IVDD.MethodsData sets were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Following quality control and normalization, the datasets (GSE153761, GSE147383, and GSE124272) were merged to form the training set, with GSE150408 serving as the validation set. LAGs from GeneCards, MSigDB, Gene Ontology, and KEGG database. The Venn diagram was employed to identify differentially expressed lymphatic-associated genes (DELAGs) that were differentially expressed in the normal and IVDD groups. Subsequently, four machine learning algorithms (SVM-RFE, Random Forest, XGB, and GLM) were used to select the method to construct the diagnostic model. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, nomogram, and Decision Curve Analysis (DCA) were used to evaluate the model effect. In addition, we constructed a potential drug regulatory network and competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network for key LAGs.ResultsA total of 15 differentially expressed LAGs were identified. By comparing four machine learning methods, the top five genes of importance in the XGB model (MET, HHIP, SPRY1, CSF1, TOX) were identified as lymphatics-associated gene diagnostic signatures. This signature was used to predict the diagnosis of IVDD with strong accuracy and an area under curve (AUC) value of 0.938. Furthermore, the diagnostic model was validated in an external dataset (GSE150408), with an AUC value of 0.772. The nomogram and DCA further prove that the diagnosis model has good performance and predictive value. Additionally, drug regulatory networks and ceRNA networks were constructed, revealing potential therapeutic drugs and post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms.ConclusionWe developed and validated a lymphatics-associated genes diagnostic model by machine learning algorithms that effectively identify IVDD patients. These five key LAGs may be potential therapeutic targets for IVDD patients.
Treatment of giant fecalith colonic obstruction in a patient with Duchenne muscular dystrophy using endoscopic injection of hydrogen peroxide: a case report and literature review
Authors: Huang Cheng , Gao Zhichao , Zhang Yuhang , Li Guofeng , Ge Lida 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionDuchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is an X-linked recessive genetic disorder primarily affecting cardiac and skeletal muscles, with gastrointestinal obstruction being an infrequent complication.Case reportWe present a 17-year-old boy with DMD (G-to-T transversion at c.4150 in the gene encoding dystrophin protein) who developed severe colonic obstruction due to fecal impaction. Abdominal computed tomography revealed an obstructing fecalith in the left colon (length: 39.5 cm, width: 18.3 cm, height: 12.7 cm). Despite the application of initial conservative measures including fasting, enemas, and fluid resuscitation, the obstruction persisted. Therefore, we performed manual disimpaction and endoscopic injection of hydrogen peroxide, effectively alleviating the obstruction.DiscussionThis case underscores the necessity of devising stage-specific, tailored strategies for the prevention and management of gastrointestinal complications in patients with DMD.