bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Conversation with Timothy Lloyd
Authors: Lloyd Timothy , Williams Michael Ann 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
The period from the late 1960s to the late 1970s brought enormous growth in academic folklore, as well as a maturation of the applied dimension of our profession. In the past decade, the field has witnessed a significant number of retirements of folklorists who came of age during these heady days. We offer this oral history interview as a way of recognizing the contributions of retiring AFS Executive Director Tim Lloyd. In the past decade, the AFS annual meeting has included public interviews with leaders in our field as part of the larger “Collecting Voices” oral history project housed at Utah State University. Lloyd was interviewed by JAF co-editor Michael Ann Williams on October 19, 2017, at the American Folklore Society meeting in Minneapolis. This interview has been edited by Tim Lloyd for clarity from a verbatim transcript prepared by JAF editorial assistant Susanna Pyatt from an audio recording. The original audio and video recordings are available at USU. In this interview, Lloyd discusses the factors that enticed him into the field of folklore, the paths that took him into a career in both public and private nonprofit agencies, and the role he eventually assumed as the American Folklore Society’s first full-time executive director.
Localized Othering: Understanding Regionally and Geographically Bound Stereotypes in Appalachia
Authors: Hess Michael Edward , Casapulla Sharon Lynn , Brust Patrick , Cickovskis Krista , Lang Jenny , Macys Katharine , Slusher Elizabeth 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
This research describes and analyzes the local history, use, meaning, and impact of the term “Rutter,” a colloquial term used in southeastern Ohio. The use of “Rutter” is closely associated with other negative Appalachian stereotypes. “Rutter” is a local surname that seems to have undergone a process of pejoration. We present findings from semi-structured interviews (n = 10) with adult residents, with particular attention to the impact this term has on those who are called “Rutter” and effectively “othered” by the term in their local communities. We explore the thematic findings that emerged from the study and implications for action.
Scoring the Familiar and Unfamiliar in Howard Shore’s The Lord of the Rings
Authors: Rone Vincent 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Each December between 2001 and 2003, Tolkien fans and film lovers alike flocked to theaters to see The Lord of the Rings films. Peter Jackson’s interpretation of Tolkien’s work invited audiences to immerse themselves in the landscapes and peoples of Middle-earth. Howard Shore’s film music became integral to that process and consequently garnered critical attention. Many have noted Shore’s adoption of musical techniques used in Romantic opera, especially his predilection for Wagnerian leitmotifs. Yet Shore scores Middle-earth in a far more nuanced manner than just the adoption of the leitmotif. He distinguishes entire peoples of Middle-earth through entire systems of harmony.
In fact, Shore’s score parallels an ordered triple of races (Hobbits, Men, and Elves) with an ordered triple of harmonic accompaniment (major-minor diatonic, modal diatonic, and nondiatonic [chromatic mediants]). Moreover, analysis of each race in this series places them on a continuum of familiar to unfamiliar, from ordinary to fantastical, derived from associativity codified in the Romantic era. I first trace the associativity of each harmonic system to developments in the nineteenth century and then locate their correlates in the textual and cinematic depictions of each race, as well as their leitmotifs. For example, tonality’s association with normativity parallels the Hobbits, the familiar. Next, the revitalization of modes as expressive deviations from tonality and as markers of the past suggests how Men reflect both familiarity and unfamiliarity. Finally, composers often have used mediant progressions to summon the fantastical, which parallels music of the Elves, the unfamiliar.
Howard Shore’s compartmentalization of harmony in The Lord of the Rings invites close investigation as to how film scores can continue several nineteenth-century traditions and can assist in our understanding of entire peoples in the fantasy genre.
Constructing an Active Sulfur‐Vacancy‐Rich Surface for Selective *CH3‐CH3 Coupling in CO2‐to‐C2H6 Conversion With 92% Selectivity
Authors: Yang Xiaonan , Ren Liteng , Chen Zhiheng , Li Huiquan , Yuan Yupeng 
Published: November 2024

AbstractTo achieve high selectivity in photocatalytic CO2 reduction to C2+ products, increasing the number of CO2 adsorption sites and lowering the energy barriers for key intermediates are critical. A ZnIn2S4 (ZIS)/MoO3‐x (Z‐M) photocatalyst is presented, in which plasmonic MoO3‐x generates hot electrons, creating a multielectron environment in ZIS that facilitates efficient C─C coupling reactions. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that MoO3‐x reduces the formation energy of sulfur vacancies (SV) in ZIS, thereby enhancing CO2 adsorption and activation. The SV‐rich surface lowers the energy barrier for forming HCOO* to −0.33 eV whereas the energy barrier for forming *COOH is 0.77 eV. Successive hydrogenation of HCOO* leads to *CH2, which converts to *CH3 with an energy barrier of −0.63 eV. The energy barrier for *CH3‐CH3 coupling is 0.54 eV, which is lower than the 0.73 eV for *CH2‐CH2 coupling to form *C2H4. Thus, Z‐M preferentially produces C2H6 over C2H4. Under visible light, Z‐M achieves a CO2‐to‐C2H6 conversion rate of 467.3 µmol g−1 h−1 with 92.0% selectivity. This work highlights the dual role of plasmonic photocatalysts in enhancing CO2 adsorption and improving C2+ production in CO2 reduction.
Bone‐Induced Nanocomposite Coating with a “Sandwich” Structure
Authors: Guan Yushuang , Zou Guoming , osman Henigul , Zhang Dong , Zhou Tianyou , Cui Wenguo , Wang Yingbo 
Published: November 2024

AbstractInfection‐induced bone defects present significant challenges in clinical bone regeneration, frequently leading to poor bone induction, recurring infections, and complications such as pain and chronic inflammation. This study introduces a novel Ti/Lignin‐Ag@PLL composite coating with a “sandwich” structure, designed to integrate pro‐adhesion, photothermal‐photodynamic antibacterial, and osteogenic properties. The Ti/Lignin‐Ag@PLL composite coating is fabricated using self‐assembly technology, in which Ag+ is reduced to silver nanoparticles (Ag‐NPs) by lignin, followed by Polylysine (PLL) grafting. Photothermal conversion efficiency is evaluated under near‐infrared (NIR) laser irradiation, while antibacterial activity is tested against E. coli and S. aureus. Biocompatibility is also assessed using vascular endothelial cells (VECs) and osteoblasts (OBs). The results indicate that the Ti/Lignin‐Ag@PLL coating demonstrates a 31% photothermal conversion efficiency and nearly 100% antibacterial efficacy against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) under NIR irradiation for 10 min. Without irradiation, the antibacterial rates are 85% and 94%, respectively, after 24 h. Additionally, the coating significantly promotes cell adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenesis, as evidenced by the upregulation of Runx2 and Collagen I. This study uniquely contributes to the development of a multifunctional composite coating that effectively combines robust antibacterial properties with enhanced osteogenic potential, offering a promising solution for bone tissue repair and infection prevention.
Glycerol Vapor Assisted Cu Direct Bonding: Implications for 3D Semiconductor Packaging
Authors: Na Jeehoo , Lee Eunhye , Park Kyung‐Ho , Lee Dongwoo , Lee Tae‐Ik 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAs the scaling down of semiconductor devices reaches its physical limits, 3D stacking packaging technology is emerging as a new miniaturization solution. Among the various 3D packaging technologies, Cu direct bonding is widely adopted due to copper's excellent electrical conductivity and the absence of intermetallic compounds for solder bumps. Since copper readily undergoes oxidation, technologies that prevent Cu surface oxidation during Cu direct bonding are essential. However, current research suggests that the methods require additional pretreatment processes, which demand high costs. In this study, a Cu direct bonding method utilizing glycerol vapor is developed to effectively streamline the pretreatment steps. The potential of glycerol as a reducing agent and antioxidant for Cu is demonstrated using a silicon die sample with a size of 10  ×  10 mm2, verified through the X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The Cu direct bonding for 3D semiconductor packaging is successfully performed under glycerol vapor atmosphere, without any plasma pretreatment. The cross‐section of the bonded specimens is examined by scanning electron microscopy, and mechanical reliability is assessed by die shear testing.
Magnetic Hercules Swarm for Precise and Effective Deep Biofilm Eradication
Authors: Xu Yunqi , Wang Kang , Lou Congcong , Wang Qin , Gong Xinglong , Fang Qunling , Luo Tianzhi , Xuan Shouhu 
Published: November 2024

AbstractOver the past decade, significant advancements in micro‐nano robots have enabled non‐invasive operations in hazardous, confined environments, particularly targeting persistent bacterial biofilms in hard‐to‐reach areas. However, many of these robots are limited by poor magnetic properties, hindering their effectiveness against biofilms. This study proposes a novel strategy using a swarm with strong magnetic effects (Hercules swarm) combined with near‐infrared (NIR) light for effective biofilm eradication. Carbonyl iron particles coated with polydopamine (CI@PDA), averaging ≈3 µm in diameter, demonstrate clustering and significant magneto‐force under a rotating magnetic field due to their large magnetic saturation. This enables the Hercules swarm to achieve rapid delivery (100 mm s−1), efficient cargo transport (carrying twice its own weight), and effective catheter clearance (1 mm min−1). The controllable motion and high photothermal activity enable precise biofilm eradication without toxic agents. The aggregation of magnetic particles into chains and their rotation are explored by improved particle dynamic model. Simulations also reveal enhanced fluid convection and mechanical pressure around the particle chain. Due to its easy operation, straightforward controllability, and environmental compatibility, the magnetic Hercules swarm emerges as a promising treatment modality for eliminating biofilms entrenched within intricate, narrow, and convoluted medical implants or industrial conduits.
Regio‐ and Diastereoselective One‐pot Double Cascade Hybrid Formation/[3+3] Spirocyclization for the Synthesis of 3‐Spiropiperidines Under Phase Transfer Conditions
Authors: Di Mola Antonia , Sadeq Mousavi Mohammad , Simeone Lorenzo , Pierri Giovanni , Massa Antonio 
Published: November 2024

AbstractHerein, we report an efficient approach to synthesizing hybrid 3‐spiropiperidine heterocycles that incorporate both 3‐isochromanone and 3‐isoindolinone units through a one‐pot, double cascade reaction facilitated by an economical K2CO3/TBAB catalytic system. By examining the nucleophilicity of the lactone 3‐isochromanone, we developed a cascade reaction pathway that first generates a bi‐nucleophilic hybrid intermediate, which then undergoes [3+3] spirocyclization with α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes. The regioselectivity of the spirocyclization strongly depends on the substitution pattern of lactam ring.The process exhibits high diastereoselectivity, even with the formation of three or four stereocenters, including two contiguous tetra‐substituted carbons. These sequential cascade reactions were successfully scaled up, and the subsequent reactivity was readily analyzed, enabling the transformation of existing functional groups into valuable new functionalities.
Endosomal Trafficking Bypassed by the RAB5B‐CD109 Interplay Promotes Axonogenesis in KRAS‐Mutant Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Zhang Dingwen , Luo Yuming , Lin Yan , Fang Zhou , Zheng Hanhao , An Mingjie , Xie Qingyu , Wu Zhuo , Yu Chao , Yang Jiabin , Yu Min , Chen Changhao , Chen Rufu 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPerineural invasion (PNI) represents a unique biological feature associated with poor prognosis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), especially in the presence of KRAS mutations. Extracellular vesicle (EV)‐packaged circular RNAs (circRNAs) function as essential mediators of tumor microenvironment communication, triggering PDAC cell invasion and distant metastasis. However, the regulatory mechanisms of EV‐packaged circRNAs in the PNI of KRAS‐mutant PDAC have not yet been elucidated. Herein, a KRASG12D mutation‐responsive EV‐packaged circRNA, circPNIT, which positively correlated with PNI in PDAC patients is identified. Functionally, KRASG12D PDAC‐derived EV‐packaged circPNIT promoted axonogenesis and PNI both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, the circPNIT‐mediated Rab5B‐CD109 interplay bypassed traditional endosomal trafficking to anchor Rab5B to the lipid rafts of multivesicular bodies and packaged circPNIT into CD109+ EVs. Subsequently, CD109+ EVs delivered circPNIT to neurons by binding to TRPV1 and facilitating DSCAML1 transcription‐induced axonogenesis, which in turn enhanced the PNI by activating the GFRα1/RET pathway. Importantly, circPNIT‐loaded CD109+ EVs are established to dramatically promote PNI in a KRASG12D/+ Trp53R172H/+ Pdx‐1‐Cre mouse model. Collectively, the findings highlight the mechanism underlying how EV‐packaged circRNAs mediate the PNI of KRAS‐mutant PDAC cells through the Rab5B endosomal bypass, identifying circPNIT as an effective target for the treatment of neuro‐metastatic PDAC.
HADHA Regulates Respiratory Complex Assembly and Couples FAO and OXPHOS
Authors: Qin Chaoying , Gong Shasha , Liang Ting , Zhang Zhenbo , Thomas Jessie , Deng Janice , Liu Yaguang , Hu Peiqing , Zhu Bi , Song Shujie , Ortiz Marisol Fernández , Ikeno Yuji , Wang Exing , Lechleiter James , Weintraub Susan T. , Bai Yidong 
Published: November 2024

AbstractOxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and fatty acid oxidation (FAO) are key bioenergetics pathways. The machineries for both processes are localized in mitochondria. Secondary OXPHOS defects have been documented in patients with primary FAO deficiencies, and vice versa. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Intrigued by the observations that regulation of supercomplexes (SCs) assembly in a mouse OXPHOS deficient cell line and its derivatives is associated with the changes in lipid metabolism, a proteomics analysis is carried out and identified mitochondrial trifunctional protein (MTP) subunit alpha (hydroxyacyl‐CoA dehydrogenase trifunctional multienzyme complex subunit alpha, HADHA) as a potential regulatory factor for SCs assembly. HADHA‐Knockdown cells and mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) derived from HADHA‐Knockout mice displayed both reduced SCs assembly and defective OXPHOS. Stimulation of OXPHOS induced in cell culture by replacing glucose with galactose and of lipid metabolism in mice with a high‐fat diet (HFD) both exhibited increased HADHA expression. HADHA Heterozygous mice fed with HFD showed enhanced steatosis associated with a reduction of SCs assembly and OXPHOS function. The results indicate that HADHA participates in SCs assembly and couples FAO and OXPHOS.
Epigenetic Activation of the CMTM6‐IGF2BP1‐EP300 Positive Feedback Loop Drives Gemcitabine Resistance in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zhu Ying‐Qin , Huang Yue , Shi Yin‐Hao , Huang Chen‐Song , Zhao Guang‐Yin , Liu Zhi‐De , Ma Ming‐Jian , Ye Jing‐Yuan , Xu Xiang , Liu Qi , Huang Xi‐Tai , Wang Jie‐Qin , Xu Qiong‐Cong , Yin Xiao‐Yu 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly malignant tumor with a dismal prognosis. Gemcitabine‐based chemotherapy has emerged as a first‐line treatment for PDAC. However, the development of gemcitabine resistance often results in therapeutic failure. In order to uncover the underlying mechanisms of gemcitabine resistance, gemcitabine‐resistant PDAC cell lines and patient‐derived xenograft (PDX) models are established and subjected to RNA sequencing. It is found that CMTM6 is closely related to gemcitabine resistance in PDAC. Multi‐omics analysis revealed that EP300‐mediated H3K27ac modification is involved in the transcriptional activation of CMTM6, which maintains IGF2BP1 expression by preventing its ubiquitination. The m6A reader IGF2BP1 stabilizes the EP300 and MYC mRNAs by recognizing m6A modifications, forming a positive feedback loop that enhances tumor stemness and ultimately contributes to PDAC resistance. The combined application of the EP300 inhibitor inobrodib and gemcitabine exerts a synergistic effect on PDAC. Overall, these findings reveal that the EP300–CMTM6–IGF2BP1 positive feedback loop facilitates gemcitabine resistance via epigenetic reprogramming and the combined use of inobrodib and gemcitabine represents a promising strategy for overcoming chemoresistance in PDAC, warranting further investigation in clinical trials.
Sonogenetics in the Treatment of Chronic Diseases: A New Method for Cell Regulation
Authors: Zhu Mingrui , Fang Yan , Sun Yikang , Li Shaoyue , Yu Jifeng , Xiong Bing , Wen Congjian , Zhou Boyang , Huang Bin , Yin Haohao , Xu Huixiong 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSonogenetics is an innovative technology that integrates ultrasound with genetic editing to precisely modulate cellular activities in a non‐invasive manner. This method entails introducing and activating mechanosensitive channels on the cell membrane of specific cells using gene delivery vectors. When exposed to ultrasound, these channels can be manipulated to open or close, thereby impacting cellular functions. Sonogenetics is currently being used extensively in the treatment of various chronic diseases, including Parkinson's disease, vision restoration, and cancer therapy. This paper provides a comprehensive review of key components of sonogenetics and focuses on evaluating its prospects and potential challenges in the treatment of chronic disease.
Precise Regulation Strategy for Fluorescence Wavelength of Aggregation‐Induced Emission Carbon Dots
Authors: Ding Liu , Jin Xilang , Gao Yuchong , Kang Shouwang , Bai Haiyan , Ma Xuehao , Ai Taotao , Zhou Hongwei , Chen Weixing 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAggregation‐induced emission (AIE) carbon dot (CDs) in solid state with tunable multicolor emissions have sparked significant interest in multidimensional anti‐counterfeiting. However, the realization of solid‐state fluorescence (SSF) by AIE effect and the regulation of fluorescence wavelength in solid state is a great challenge. In order to solve this dilemma, the AIE method to prepare multi‐color solid‐state CDs with fluorescence wavelengths ranging from bright blue to red emission is employed. Specifically, by using thiosalicylic acid and carbonyl hydrazine as precursors, the fluorescence wavelength can be accurately adjusted by varying the reaction temperature from 150 to 230 °C or changing the molar ratio of the precursors from 1:1 to 1:2. Structural analysis and theoretical calculations consistently indicate that increasing the sp2 domains or doping with graphite nitrogen both cause a redshift in the fluorescence wavelength of CDs in the solid state. Moreover, with the multi‐dimensional and adjustable fluorescence wavelength, the application of AIE CDs in the fields of multi‐anti‐counterfeiting encryption, ink printing, and screen printing is demonstrated. All in all, this work opens up a new way for preparing solid‐state multi‐color CDs using AIE effect, and further proposes an innovative strategy for controlling fluorescence wavelengths.
A Turbo‐Charging System‐Like Contrast Agent for MRI‐Guided STING Pathway‐Activated Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Ren Bin , Yan Sihua , Li Zongheng , Huang Ya , Cai Haobin , Yang Jing , Fan Qingdeng , Chen Chunmei , Que Fanchao , Wu Guochao , Huang Lin , Zhou Ruilong , Zhu Jiaoyang , Yan Chenggong , Liu Gang , Shen Zheyu , Ning Shipeng 
Published: November 2024

AbstractTo overcome the problems of Gd‐based contrast agents (GBCAs) (nephrotoxicity and brain deposition) and stimulator of interferon genes (STING) agonists (poor stability, low delivery efficiency, and potential toxicity), in this study, a Turbo‐charging system‐like GBCA is designed and constructed for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) guided STING pathway‐activated cancer immunotherapy. Poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) is used to coordinate with Gd3+, forming a Gd/PAA macrochelate. Both Gd/PAA macrochelate and SR717 are conjugated to cystamine (CA) to obtain SR717‐CA@Gd/PAA self‐assembled nanoparticles (SAN), which are termed as Turbo S because of its similarity with the Turbo‐charging system of cars. After accumulation in tumors and internalization in tumor cells, the disulfide linkage in Turbo S undergoes a cleavage process catalyzed by glutathione (GSH), leading to the release of Gd/PAA and SR717. The released Gd/PAA gain a high r1 value (17.11 mM−1 s−1 at 7.0 T; 57.81 mM−1 s−1 at 3.0 T), indicating its strong T1 imaging capability. Turbo S with a low dosage of SR717 (8.9 mg kg−1) achieved a higher tumor immunotherapeutic efficacy than free SR717 with a high dosage (30 mg kg−1). The excellent delivery efficiency, high tumor treatment efficacy, and superior biosafety demonstrate that the Turbo S can be used as a promising candidate for tumor immunotherapy.
Beyond Photochromism: Alternative Stimuli to Trigger Diarylethenes Switching
Authors: Ai Qi , Lan Kangjun , Li Lin , Liu Zugang , Hu Xiaoguang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDiarylethenes (DAEs) are typical photochemically reversible type (P‐type) photochromic materials with excellent thermal stability and high fatigue resistance and are widely exploited as photo‐switches for various applications in molecular devices, data storage, photoresponsive materials, and bioimaging, etc. In recent years, there is an increasing number of reports using heat, acid, electrochemistry, etc. to drive the isomerization reaction of DAEs. The response to two or more different stimuli enables multi‐functionality within a single DAE molecule, which would facilitate complex logic‐gate operations, multimode data storage, and increased information density. Herein, the recent advances in DAE systems utilizing stimuli “beyond photo” to trigger the isomerization processes from three perspectives: acidochromism, thermochromism, and electrochromism are reviewed. Emphasis is placed on the molecule design strategies and the underlying mechanisms for cyclization and cycloreversion processes addressed by the alternative stimulus. Then the noticeable applications made in multi‐stimuli responsive DAE systems are summarized. Additionally, the challenges and opportunities of DAE switches driven by stimuli “beyond photo” in the future are also discussed.