bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
More on heavy tetraquarks in lattice QCD at almost physical pion mass
Authors: Francis Anthony , Hudspith Renwick J. , Lewis Randy , Maltman Kim 
Published: March 2018

We report on our progress in studying exotic, heavy tetraquark states, qq′ Q̅Q̅′. Using publicly available dynamical nf = 2 + 1 Wilson-Clover gauge configurations, generated by the PACS-CS collaboration, with pion masses ≃ 164, 299 and 415 MeV, we extend our previous analysis to heavy quark components containing heavier than physical bottom quarks Q̅Q̅′ = b̅′b̅′ or Q̅Q̅′ = b̅b̅′, charm and bottom quarks c̅b̅ and also only charm quarks c̅ c̅. Throughout we employ NRQCD and relativistic heavy quarks for the heavier than bottom, bottom and charm quarks. Using our previously established diquark-antidiquark and meson-meson operator basis we comment in particular on the dependence of the binding energy on the mass of the heavy quark component Q̅Q̅, with heavy quarks ranging from mQ = 0:85… 6.3 · mb. In the heavy flavor non-degenerate case, Q̅Q̅′, and especially for the tetraquark channel udc̅d̅, we extend our work to utilize a 3 × 3 GEVP to study the ground and threshold states thereby enabling a clear identification of possible binding. Finally, we present initial work on the Q̅Q̅′ = c̅c̅ system where a much larger operator basis is available in comparison to flavor combinations with NRQCD quarks.
Calm Multi-Baryon Operators
Authors: Berkowitz Evan , Nicholson Amy , Chang Chia Cheng , Rinaldi Enrico , Clark M.A. , Joó Bálint , Kurth Thorsten , Vranas Pavlos , Walker-Loud André 
Published: March 2018

There are many outstanding problems in nuclear physics which require input and guidance from lattice QCD calculations of few baryons systems. However, these calculations suffer from an exponentially bad signal-to-noise problem which has prevented a controlled extrapolation to the physical point. The variational method has been applied very successfully to two-meson systems, allowing for the extraction of the two-meson states very early in Euclidean time through the use of improved single hadron operators. The sheer numerical cost of using the same techniques in two-baryon systems has so far been prohibitive. We present an alternate strategy which offers some of the same advantages as the variational method while being significantly less numerically expensive. We first use the Matrix Prony method to form an optimal linear combination of single baryon interpolating fields generated from the same source and different sink interpolating fields. Very early in Euclidean time this optimal linear combination is numerically free of excited state contamination, so we coin it a calm baryon. This calm baryon operator is then used in the construction of the two-baryon correlation functions.To test this method, we perform calculations on the WM/JLab iso-clover gauge configurations at the SU(3) flavor symmetric point with mπ~ 800 MeV — the same configurations we have previously used for the calculation of two-nucleon correlation functions. We observe the calm baryon significantly removes the excited state contamination from the two-nucleon correlation function to as early a time as the single-nucleon is improved, provided non-local (displaced nucleon) sources are used. For the local two-nucleon correlation function (where both nucleons are created from the same space-time location) there is still improvement, but there is significant excited state contamination in the region the single calm baryon displays no excited state contamination.
SU(2) with fundamental fermions and scalars
Authors: Hansen Martin , Janowski Tadeusz , Pica Claudio , Toniato Arianna 
Published: March 2018

We present preliminary results on the lattice simulation of an SU(2) gauge theory with two fermion flavors and one strongly interacting scalar field, all in the fundamental representation of SU(2). The motivation for this study comes from the recent proposal of “fundamental” partial compositeness models featuring strongly interacting scalar fields in addition to fermions. Here we describe the lattice setup for our study of this class of models and a first exploration of the lattice phase diagram. In particular we then investigate how the presence of a strongly coupled scalar field affects the properties of light meson resonances previously obtained for the SU(2) model.
Preprint: CP3-Origins-2017-047 DNRF90
Charm quark effects on the strong coupling extracted from the static force
Authors: Calì Salvatore , Knechtli Francesco , Korzec Tomasz , Panagopoulos Haralambos 
Published: March 2018

We compute the fermionic contribution to the strong coupling αqq extracted from the static force in Lattice QCD up to order g4 in perturbation theory. This allows us to subtract the leading fermionic lattice artifacts from recent determinations of αqq produced in simulations of two dynamical charm quarks.
Moreover, by using a suitable parametrization of the βqq-function, we can evaluate the charm loop effects on αqq in the continuum limit.
Instanton dominance over αs at low momenta from lattice QCD simulations at Nf = 0, Nf = 2 + 1 and Nf = 2 + 1 + 1
Authors: Athenodorou Andreas , Boucaud Philippe , de Soto Feliciano , Rodríguez-Quintero José , Zafeiropoulos Savvas 
Published: March 2018

We report on an instanton-based analysis of the gluon Green functions in the Landau gauge for low momenta; in particular we use lattice results for αs in the symmetric momentum subtraction scheme (MOM) for large-volume lattice simulations. We have exploited quenched gauge field configurations, Nf = 0, with both Wilson and tree-level Symanzik improved actions, and unquenched ones with Nf = 2 + 1 and Nf = 2 + 1 + 1 dynamical flavors (domain wall and twisted-mass fermions, respectively).
We show that the dominance of instanton correlations on the low-momenta gluon Green functions can be applied to the determination of phenomenological parameters of the instanton liquid and, eventually, to a determination of the lattice spacing.
We furthermore apply the Gradient Flow to remove short-distance fluctuations. The Gradient Flow gets rid of the QCD scale, ΛQCD, and reveals that the instanton prediction extents to large momenta. For those gauge field configurations free of quantum fluctuations, the direct study of topological charge density shows the appearance of large-scale lumps that can be identified as instantons, giving access to a direct study of the instanton density and size distribution that is compatible with those extracted from the analysis of the Green functions.
Genetics of Lithium Response in Bipolar Disorder
Authors: Papiol Sergi , Schulze Thomas , Alda Martin 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Introduction Lithium remains the best-established long-term treatment for bipolar disorder because of its efficacy in maintaining periods of remission and reducing the risk of suicide. Not all patients successfully respond to lithium treatment, and the individual response, including the occurrence of side effects, is highly variable and not easy to predict. The genetic basis of lithium response is supported by the fact that the response clusters in families. Likewise, recent high-throughput genomic analyses have shed light on its genetic architecture.
Methods This nonsystematic review summarizes the main results obtained in genetic association studies using lithium response as target trait.
Results These studies suggest that several genetic loci might modulate the way a patient responds to lithium maintenance treatment. Further studies to fully characterize the genetic architecture of lithium response are warranted.
Discussion The identification of genetic factors associated with lithium response will be important for (1) better understanding of lithium’s mode of action and (2) development of a predictive model for optimization of long-term treatment of bipolar disorder.
Antimicrobial Essential Oil Combinations to Combat Foot Odour
Authors: Orchard Ané , Viljoen Alvaro , van Vuuren Sandy 
Published: March 2018

AbstractFoot odour (bromodosis) is an embarrassing and perplexing condition mostly caused by bacteria of the Brevibacterium species. Essential oils are a credible option as an affordable treatment of odour and contribute towards antimicrobial efficacy. Therefore, this study sets out to investigate the antimicrobial activity of essential oil combinations against odour-causing bacteria. The broth microdilution method was used to investigate the antimicrobial activity of 119 essential oil combinations, and the fractional inhibitory index was calculated to determine the interactive profile. Combinations that resulted in synergy in 1 : 1 ratios were further evaluated in different concentrations, and isobolograms were plotted to determine the influence of the ratio on overall activity. Numerous combinations could be identified as having synergistic interactions against the Brevibacterium spp. and no antagonism was observed. The combination of Juniperus virginiana (juniper) and Styrax benzoin (benzoin) demonstrated synergy against all three Brevibacterium spp. tested and J. virginiana was the essential oil responsible for the majority of the synergistic interactions. The results reported here confirm the promising potential of the majority of these oils and selected combinations in treating and controlling bromodosis.
Immunosuppression: Have We Learnt Anything?
Authors: Hachem Ramsey 
Published: March 2018

AbstractOutcomes after lung transplantation remain disappointing because there is a high incidence of chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD), which typically follows a progressive clinical course and often results in allograft failure and death. Chronic rejection is considered the predominant cause of CLAD. Thus, optimal immunosuppression has been viewed as having the potential to prevent CLAD and improve survival after lung transplantation. Numerous clinical trials have been conducted investigating the efficacy and safety of various immunosuppressive agents. Many studies have been small and single-center clinical trials but some have been international and multicenter trials enrolling more than 300 patients. This review focuses on clinical trials of immunosuppression conducted in lung transplantation and points out strengths and limitations of the various studies. Ultimately, the findings of these clinical trials explain the current state of practice in lung transplantation and identify gaps in knowledge that require additional study. Finally, there is an ongoing need for carefully designed and conducted clinical trials to improve clinical practice and outcomes after lung transplantation.
Procedural Results and Immediate Outcomes following De Novo Saphenous Venous Graft Interventions
Authors: Jyotsna Maddury , D. Malleswara , Nemani Lalita 
Published: March 2018

Background Distal embolization is the detrimental factor in SVG intervention. There is no specific treatment for it except prevention. Guidelines have endorsed the use of embolic protection devices; however, their use is not without complications, and increases the procedural time and cost for the patient.The objective of this study is to analyze the procedural results and immediate outcome in de novo SVG stenting.
Methods A retrospective observational study of patients who have undergone SVG-percutaneous coronary intervention at our institute. Baseline clinical, demographic data, intervention details, and in-hospital events are analyzed. Statistical analysis was done using Mini tab version 17. Chi-square testing, odds ratio, and 95% confidence intervals were calculated.
Results The study population included 96 lesions in 80 patients. Average age of the graft was 8.2 ± 4 years. Embolic protection devices were used only in 10%. Angiographic and clinical success was seen in 92.5%. Distal embolization was seen in 7.5%. Drug-eluting stent and shorter stents were associated with lesser distal embolization. Stent length (> 20 mm) proved to be an independent predictor of distal embolization. There was no correlation between distal embolization and age of patient, sex, hypertension, diabetes, and smoking, left ventricular function, age of graft, direct stenting, use of embolic device, and glycoprotein 2b/3a inhibitors.
Conclusion De novo SVG lesions can be stented with a high rate of angiographic and procedural success. Stent length is the only independent predictor of distal embolization. SVG interventions can be safely done in the absence of embolic protection devices irrespective of the graft age.
Free-Flap Lower Extremity Reconstruction: A Cohort Study and Meta-Analysis of Flap Anastomotic Outcomes between Perforator and Nonperforator Flaps
Authors: Song Christopher , Koh Keith , Tan Bien-Keem , Goh Terence 
Published: March 2018

Introduction Free-flap outcomes in lower extremity reconstruction carry the lowest anastomotic success rates compared with other anatomical sites. Despite their advantages over traditional nonperforator flaps, free perforator flaps have only recently become established in this area due to the additional challenges faced. It is therefore crucial to assess the anastomotic outcomes of perforator and nonperforator free flaps.
Methods We performed a single-center retrospective cohort study and combined this with a meta-analysis of the relevant literature. We evaluated three flap anastomotic outcomes: reexploration, operative salvage, and flap failure rates.
Results Between January 2010 and June 2015, our center managed 161 patients who underwent lower extremity free-flap reconstruction, which included 76 perforator flaps and 85 nonperforator flaps. The perforator flaps had higher reexploration rates compared with the nonperforator flaps, but this was not statistically significant (18.4 and 10.6%; p = 0.18). Perforator flaps had a higher flap salvage rate but were not statistically significant (78.6 and 22.2%; p = 0.374). Lastly, although not statistically significant, perforator flaps had a lower rate of complete failure due to anastomotic complications (3.9 and 8.2%; p = 0.336). The meta-analysis included 12 studies (inclusive of the index study) and found no statistical difference in all three outcomes.
Conclusion Our meta-analysis is the first reported study and serves as an indication that free perforator flaps in lower extremity are as reliable as their traditional nonperforator counterparts. This does come with the prerequisite appreciation of the anatomical variations, the delicate handling of these flaps, and a low threshold for reexploration.
Recurrent 8-Year Ongoing Unilateral Breast Seroma Formation after PIP Implant Removal—A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Kästner Sonja , Paprottka Felix , Gonser Phillipp , López Manuel , Kaye Kai 
Published: March 2018

AbstractLate seroma formation is a rare complication after implant-based breast enlargement surgery and even less frequent after implant removal. This case report presents a case of painful recurrent seroma formation after the removal of a ruptured Poly Implants Prothèse implant.A 52-year-old patient presented herself in our clinic with a clinical history of recurrent unilateral seroma of the right breast over a period of 8 years after the initial unilateral implant removal. Removal of the remaining implant and complete bilateral capsulectomy was performed. Intraoperative findings revealed a macroscopically thickened capsule with signs of chronic inflammation on the affected side. The clinical history and the macroscopic appearance of the capsule demanded histopathological exclusion of a possible anaplastic large cell lymphoma.Histopathological and microbiological analysis of the capsule and encapsulated material revealed no signs of malignancy or infection. Immediate soft tissue reconstruction of the breast was successfully performed using autologous fat transfer. An aesthetically satisfying result regarding symmetry and volume was achieved, and no further seroma formation was observed within a 6-month follow-up period.
Level of evidence: V, Case Report.
Association of ACL Laxity Tests with Arthroscopic Findings in Chronic ACL and PCL Deficient Knees
Authors: Sazali S. , Rusdi A. , Siti H. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractAn anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury may be diagnosed by clinical examination and radiological investigation using magnetic resonance imaging or by arthroscopy.1,2 Based on our experience, the ACL tear in concomitant chronic ACL and posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) deficient knees may produce knee laxity, which is more difficult to assess on clinical examination, which in turn may affect the management algorithm of the patient. Our hypothesis is that, in a concomitant chronic ACL and PCL injury, posterior capsular contracture and abnormal reattachment of torn ACL will result in less clinical and subjective laxity, preoperatively. The aim of this study is to review a cohort of patients who had undergone PCL reconstructive surgery and compare the preoperative clinical assessments with and without anesthesia with arthroscopic finding of ACL. This is to assess the accuracy and reliability of clinical ACL laxity tests in detecting ACL tear in chronic ACL and PCL injury.
Glucose Gel in Infants at Risk for Transitional Neonatal Hypoglycemia
Authors: Alissa Rana , Dudek Christopher , Travers Laura , Smotherman Carmen , Hudak Mark , Makker Kartikeya 
Published: March 2018

Objective To evaluate whether glucose gel as a supplement to feedings in infants admitted to the newborn nursery at risk for neonatal hypoglycemia (NH) reduces the frequency of transfer to a higher level of care for intravenous dextrose treatment.
Study Design We revised our newborn nursery protocol for management of infants at risk for NH to include use of 40% glucose gel (200 mg/kg). Study population included late preterm, small and large for gestational age infants, and infants of diabetic mothers. We compared outcomes before (4/1/14–3/31/15: Year 1) and after (4/1/15–3/31/16: Year 2) initiation of the revised protocol. Our prospective primary outcome was transfer to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) for treatment with a continuous infusion of dextrose.
Results NICU transfer for management of NH fell from 8.1% in Year 1 (34 of 421 at-risk infants screened) to 3.7% in Year 2 (14 of 383 at-risk infants screened). Rate of exclusive breastfeeding increased from 6% in Year 1 to 19% in Year 2. Hospital charges for the study population decreased from 801,276 USD to 387,688 USD in Year 1 and Year 2, respectively.
Conclusion Our study supports the adjunctive use of glucose gel to reduce NICU admissions and total hospitalization expense.
Late Coil Migration after Embolization of Cerebral Aneurysms – Case Series
Authors: Antunes Maranha Gatto Luana , Bandeira Rocha Luana , Koppe Gelson , Demartini Jr Zeferino 
Published: March 2018

Background Coil migration after cerebral aneurysm embolization is a very rare complication. It can take place early or late in the postoperative period, evolving asymptomatic and causing severe neurological deficits. Ruptured aneurysms of anterior communicant artery were the most frequent reported examples in the literature.
Case Report We report three cases of patients with unruptured aneurysms treated with coils and remodeling balloon technique. The first case was that of a left posterior communicating artery aneurysm with coil migration to a distal cortical branch of ipsilateral middle cerebral artery (MCA). The patient had mild paresthesia in the arm for a few days. The second one was a fenestrated basilar artery aneurysm with coil migration to the P2 segment of the left posterior cerebral artery. The patient was fully asymptomatic. The third case was a MCA aneurysm with coil migration to the M3 segment. There were no ischemic complications, and all patients underwent a new endovascular procedure.
Conclusions Coil migration is a rare but not always severe complication. Antiplatelet agents are recommended even if the coil migration is asymptomatic.
IRF9 and unphosphorylated STAT2 cooperate with NF-κB to drive IL6 expression
Authors: Nan Jing , Wang Yuxin , Yang Jinbo , Stark George R. 
Published: March 2018

SignificanceWe describe unexpected cooperation between two cytokines that are important in regulating the growth of cancers, namely, type I interferons (IFNs) and interleukin 6 (IL6). It is well established that IL6 is vital for the ability of many tumor types to prosper, and the work in the current paper reveals that the signaling pathway driven by IFN, which is also evident in many cancers, increases the expression of IL6 through a direct effect on theIL6gene. The findings may help to identify new antitumor targets for therapy.
Reduction of lipid accumulation rescues Bietti’s crystalline dystrophy phenotypes
Authors: Hata Masayuki , Ikeda Hanako O. , Iwai Sachiko , Iida Yuto , Gotoh Norimoto , Asaka Isao , Ikeda Kazutaka , Isobe Yosuke , Hori Aya , Nakagawa Saori , Yamato Susumu , Arita Makoto , Yoshimura Nagahisa , Tsujikawa Akitaka 
Published: March 2018

Significance
Bietti’s crystalline dystrophy (BCD) is an autosomal recessive, progressive chorioretinal degenerative disease. Retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells are impaired in patients with BCD, but the underlying mechanisms of RPE cell damage have not yet been determined because cells from lesions cannot be readily acquired from patients with BCD. In the present study, we successfully generated a human in vitro model of BCD, BCD patient-specific iPSC-RPE cells, and demonstrated that the accumulation of free cholesterol caused RPE cell damage and subsequent cell death via the induction of lysosomal dysfunction and impairment of autophagy flux in BCD-affected cells. We believe these findings provide evidence of the possible therapeutic efficacy of reducing intracellular free cholesterol in BCD.
Embryophyte stress signaling evolved in the algal progenitors of land plants
Authors: de Vries Jan , Curtis Bruce A. , Gould Sven B. , Archibald John M. 
Published: March 2018

Significance
The evolution of land plants from algae is an age-old question in biology. The entire terrestrial flora stems from a grade of algae, the streptophyte algae. Recent phylogenomic studies have pinpointed the Zygnematophyceae as the modern-day streptophyte algal lineage that is most closely related to the algal land plant ancestor. Here, we provide insight into the biology of this ancestor that might have aided in its conquest of land. Specifically, we uncover the existence of stress-signaling pathways and the potential for intimate plastid-nucleus communication. Plastids act as environmental sensors in land plants; our data suggest that this feature was present in a common ancestor they shared with streptophyte algae.
Structural determinants and cellular environment define processed actin as the sole substrate of the N-terminal acetyltransferase NAA80
Authors: Goris Marianne , Magin Robert S. , Foyn Håvard , Myklebust Line M. , Varland Sylvia , Ree Rasmus , Drazic Adrian , Bhambra Parminder , Støve Svein I. , Baumann Markus , Haug Bengt Erik , Marmorstein Ronen , Arnesen Thomas 
Published: March 2018

SignificanceN-terminal acetylation performed by N-terminal acetyltransferases (NATs) is a common protein modification in human cells. A unique NAT, NAA80, was recently found to control actin N-terminal acetylation and cytoskeletal dynamics. In this study, we developed potent and specific bisubstrate inhibitors against NAA80 and determined the crystal structure of NAA80 in complex with an inhibitor mimicking the β-actin N terminus, thus revealing molecular determinants for the substrate specificity and selective inhibition of NAA80. A yeast model uncovered how a cellular determinant, the NatB enzyme, acts to restrict the number of in vivo NAA80 substrates relative to the broader intrinsic capacity of NAA80. Our data provide a starting point for further development of inhibitors for the regulation of actin and cytoskeletal functions.