bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Ketorolac Administration on the Rate of Nonunion of Operatively Treated Pediatric Long-Bone Fractures
Authors: Pereira Daniel E. , Ford Caleb , Mittal Mehul M. , Lee Tiffany M. , Joseph Karan , Madrigal Sabrina C. , Momtaz David , Torres-Izquierdo Beltran , Hosseinzadeh Pooya 
Published: November 2024

Background:
Nonunion is a rare yet serious complication in pediatric fracture healing that can lead to patient morbidity and economic burden. The administration of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) has been associated with an increased risk of fracture nonunion in adults, but data are lacking in the pediatric population. This study examines the relationship between postoperative ketorolac administration and nonunion in operatively managed pediatric long-bone fractures.

Methods:
A retrospective cohort study was conducted with use of TriNetX, a research network that encompasses data from the United States, Canada, and Western Europe. A total of 462,260 patients from 52 health-care organizations met the inclusion criteria. Patients <18 years old with operatively managed upper or lower-extremity long-bone fractures were included. The exposure of interest was ketorolac administration within 30 days postoperatively between 2003 and 2023. Nonunion was identified and verified with use of the pertinent medical codes. Absolute risks and hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated for both study groups. Significance was set at p < 0.05.

Results:
After propensity score matching, 48,778 patients were identified per group. The incidence of nonunion was 2.19% in the ketorolac group and 0.93% in the non-ketorolac group (HR, 2.71; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.46, 3.21; p < 0.0001). Subgroup analyses demonstrated a higher risk of nonunion in patients with lower-extremity fractures (HR, 3.45; 95% CI: 3.14, 3.75; p < 0.0001) than in those with upper-extremity fractures (HR, 2.11; 95% CI: 1.84, 2.32; p < 0.0001). Among the fracture location subgroups, the greatest HR for nonunion was observed in patients with femoral fractures, followed sequentially by those with tibial and/or fibular fractures, humeral fractures, and radial and/or ulnar fractures.

Conclusions:
To our knowledge, this is the largest study to date to explore postoperative ketorolac use and nonunion in the setting of operatively managed pediatric long-bone fractures. Nonunion in children was rare, occurring in <1% of all included patients. Ketorolac administration was associated with a 2 to 3-fold increase in nonunion risks, with pronounced implications for patients with lower-extremity fractures, particularly those with femoral fractures. Clinicians should weigh the therapeutic advantages of non-opiate analgesia with ketorolac against the risk of nonunion in order to optimize postoperative pain management and recovery.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Optimizing Well Integrity with Accurate Forecasting of Casing and Tubing Resistance Reduction Trends Through Innovative Numerical Modeling Techniques
Authors: Aliko E. , Casciaro D. , Conte A. , Busollo C. , Baronio E. , Abdo E. A. 
Published: November 2024

Summary
Well integrity is an essential aspect of well operations, and international standards are stringent on its application. Tubing and casing corrosion constitutes a major risk to well integrity and a challenge that must be analyzed preventively. Corrosion logs are programmed to verify the status of the barriers, but there is currently no methodology for planning future logs. In this paper, we propose a numerical modeling method to forecast tubular resistance reduction trends and estimate the barrier’s residual life.
Corrosion logs are expensive and require the well to be shut in, which impacts the cost of the operation. Therefore, a numerical methodology for planning future logging is preferable to planning based on experience. Here we propose a methodology for predicting the point at which the downhole barriers will no longer satisfy the maximum allowable annular surface pressure (MAASP) criteria, using data from historical corrosion logs and a time-linear corrosion model. This innovative methodology recalculates MAASP for collapse and burst resistance of corroded pipes while considering well completion design and vertical depths resulting from the directional survey.
The proposed methodology provides a comprehensive assessment of the corrosion progress, making it a more reliable tool for forecasting future corrosion trends. The methodology uses the last two corrosion logs for optimal prediction, but it also works when a single corrosion log is available. Numerical modeling is then used to calculate pipe resistance at each depth step of the LAS file, drawing a picture of the resistance vs. depth and time. The result of this new method is a chart that forecasts the progressive reduction of A-Annulus MAASP and the time at which it will cross the minimum criteria of the operator. Furthermore, the proposed methodology provides a probability window that takes into consideration the best- and worst-case scenarios.
This is the first time that numerical modeling is used to recalculate MAASP and to forecast MAASP reduction trends in well barriers, based on corrosion/erosion measurements. The corrosion logging schedule can, hence, be programmed before MAASP reaches the operator’s limit, thus optimizing planning and costs for the operator. This, in turn, leads to a reduction in costs without affecting the overall operability and risking barrier failures.
Safety outcomes and immunological correlates in a prospective clinical trial of immune checkpoint therapy plus debulking surgery for patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Sharma Padmanee , Goswami Sangeeta , Gao Jianjun , Basu Sreyashi , Shapiro Daniel , Karam Jose , Tidwell Rebecca , Ahrar Kamran , Campbell Matthew , Shen Yu , Trevino Alexandro , Mayer Aaron , Espejo Alexsandra , Seua Christian , Macaluso Marc , Chen Yulong , Liu Wenbin , He Zhong , Yadav Shalini , Wang Ying , Rao Priya , Zhao Li , Zhang Jianhua , Jindal Sonali , Futreal Andrew , Wang Linghua , Tannir Nizar M. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Surgical removal of primary tumors was shown to reverse tumor-mediated immune suppression in pre-clinical models with metastatic disease. However, how cytoreductive surgery in the metastatic setting modulates the immune responses in patients, especially in the context of immune checkpoint therapy (ICT)-containing treatments is not understood. Here, we report the first prospective, non-comparative clinical trial to evaluate the feasibility, clinical benefits, and immunologic changes of combining three different ICT-containing strategies with cytoreductive surgery or biopsy for patients with metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (mccRCC). Based upon baseline evaluation and surgical eligibility after 6 weeks of ICT treatment, 43 patients on this trial proceeded with cytoreductive surgery, while 36 patients who had medical comorbidities preventing surgery or did not have a lesion amenable for surgical resection underwent post-ICT biopsy as specified in the clinical trial protocol, and 25 patients who discontinued study participation due to progressive disease or toxicities or withdrawal of consent did not receive either procedure (total N=104). Our data demonstrated that, in the subgroup of patients receiving the combination of ICT with cytoreductive surgery or biopsy, no additional ICT- or procedure-related toxicities were observed as compared to historical data. The median OS (overall survival) was 54.7 months for patients who received ICT-containing regimens plus cytoreductive surgery (n=43). Immune-monitoring studies with co-detection by indexing (CODEX) identified distinct tumor spatial conformation of cellular subsets as a novel and improved predictor of response to ICT. Importantly, single-cell RNA-sequencing (sc-RNA-seq) data demonstrated that surgical removal of the tumor increased antigen-presenting dendritic cell population with a concurrent reduction in KDM6B-expressing immune-suppressive myeloid cells in the peripheral blood. Together, this study highlighted the feasibility of combining ICT with cytoreductive surgery in a metastatic setting and demonstrated the potential enhancement of immune responses following ICT plus cytoreductive surgery in patients with metastatic disease.
Investigation of the Relationship between Nurses' Professional Self-Efficacy and Parents' Perception of Family-Centered Care in the Care of Hospitalized Children at the Pediatric Specialty Center of Ardabil, 2024
Authors: zia sana khalilzadeh , Aghamohammadi Masoumeh , Moshfeghi Shohreh , Vosoghi Nazila 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background: Nurses, as the most important and largest professional group providing care to children and families, play a crucial role in collaborating with the parents of hospitalized children. The foundation of nursing care is based on a family-centered approach, where families are actively involved in the care process. The provision of family-centered care in educational and medical centers requires skilled nurses with high self-efficacy. Nurses with high self-efficacy are believed to demonstrate high competence in collaborating with children, parents, and colleagues. Therefore, this study assessed the relationship between nurses' professional self-efficacy and parents' perception of family-centered care for hospitalized children.
Methods: The present descriptive-correlational study was conducted in 2024 at the Pediatric Specialty Center of Ardabil in northwest Iran. 200 nurses were selected using a census method, and 220 parents of hospitalized children were selected through stratified random sampling. Data were collected using two valid and reliable tools: the Professional Self-Efficacy Questionnaire for Nurses, and the Perception of Family-Centered Care Questionnaire. The data were analyzed using independent t-tests, one-way analysis of variance, and Pearson’s correlation coefficient tests using SPSS version 24.
Results: According to the results, 54% of the nurses reported their level of professional self-efficacy as moderate, while 78% of the parents’ Perception of family-centered care in nursing was moderate. A significant correlation was found between nurses' professional self-efficacy and parents' perception of family-centered care (r = 0.2, P = 0.004).
Conclusions: The findings indicate a weak correlation between nurses' professional self-efficacy and parents' perception of family-centered care. Therefore, nursing managers and administrators might consider organizing workshops to enhance nurses' self-efficacy and collaboration with parents, which could lead to improved quality of nursing care for hospitalized children.
Adsorption Application of Choline Chloride Modified MIL-101 (Cr) in Carbon Capture and Storage
Authors: Li Entian , Zhang Zuquan , Zhou Minghe , Yao Pei 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

In order to design better carbon capture materials, MIL-101 (Cr) was prepared using hydrothermal method, and then modified with different concentrations of choline chloride in a one-step method to enhance its CO2 adsorption capacity. The characterization and experimental results indicate that the modified ChCl-MIL-101(Cr) has significantly enhanced the adsorption capacity for CO2. Specifically, the 0.075-ChCl-MIL-101(Cr) has shown a 61.191% increase in adsorption capacity compared to the raw material. Moreover, the regenerated adsorption loss rate of the modified material is below 4%, which proves the permanence of the material synthesis.By simulating isotherms using Langmuir and Freundlich equations, the non-uniformity of surface bonding was obtained. Therefore, this study opens up a new avenue for designing choline chloride modified MOF based materials with advanced gas adsorption properties.
Designing Hybrid Plasmonic Nanolasers with High Quality Factors
Authors: Khosravi Nazila , Pakarzadeh Hassan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The miniaturization of optical devices with the advancement of micro/nano technology has led to the development of many research fields and various practical applications. Plasmonic nanolasers have attracted a lot of attention due to their ability to confine light in dimensions below the diffraction limit and hence the significant reduction of semiconductor laser dimensions. In this paper, a hybrid plasmonic nanolaser with structure consists of GaP gain material, silver metal, graphene layer, silica and air gap is designed and by choosing different gain materials such as InP, WS2, MoS2 and MoTe2, the effective refractive index and quality (Q) factor are simulated. Also, the effect of air gap on the mentioned parameters is investigated. The results show that by choosing the WS2 material for the hybrid plasmonic nanolaser and the air gap dimensions of 25 nm width and 10 nm length, the maximum Q factor of 328.7 is obtained which is higher than those of reported in the literature.
Healthcare Professional Return to Work Post Breast Cancer Diagnosis: A Descriptive Qualitative Study
Authors: Chen Yan , Shen Ya , Mao Bijun , Zhou Peihong 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Aim: The purpose of the study was to investigate the experiences of healthcare professionals returning to work following breast cancer diagnosis.
Design: This was a descriptive qualitative study.
Methods: 20 doctors and nurses were interviewed face-to-face with a semi-structured interview guide in three municipal hospitals. The study followed the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ) guidelines for evaluating qualitative research reports. Data analysis was performed using Colaizzi's seven-step method.
Results: Four major themes and corresponding sub-themes were extracted from the collected data as follows: 1. Return to Work: Willingness and Conflicts; 2. Cancer Progression Anxiety; 3. Physical and Mental Re-Awareness, including (1) Decreased Physical Ability, (2) Frustration and Diminished Self-Esteem; 4. Reflection and Re-planning, including (1) Past Self-Questioning, (2) Active Life Re-planning, (3) Revitalizing Life's Value, and (4) Career Changes: Coping and Adapting.
Conclusions: This study revealed a positive reintegration into the workforce among participants in China's healthcare professionals with a notably advanced medical understanding. It implies that, for BC survivors, a combination of rich medical knowledge, a stable work environment, substantial income, and robust support from colleagues and superiors play a positive role in enhancing their adaptability post a breast cancer diagnosis. Additionally, interviewees expressed guilt during sick leave, it was suggested that hospitals implement comprehensive support mechanisms related to leave, acknowledging the imperative need for adequate rest during the treatment period.
Patient or Public Contribution: No patient or public contribution.
Identifying the Psychological Needs of the Elderly in Kashan, 2023
Authors: moradi Zahra , saberi mahdieh , akbari hossien 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
With advancements in medical sciences, increased life expectancy, and reduced mortality, the global elderly population is progressively increasing, requiring special programs for the elderly. Planning for this age group is essential, especially in recognizing their actual needs. Additionally, the rise in stressors and depression among the elderly highlights the importance of psychological care for them. This study aimed to identify the met and unmet needs of the elderly population.
Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2023 on 384 elderly individuals selected through cluster random sampling. Data was collected using a demographic questionnaire, the Camberwell Elderly Needs Assessment (CANE) questionnaire, and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software version 26, with a significance level of P < 0.05.
Results
Out of 384 elderly participants, 64.3% were male, and 35.7% were female, with 91.7% living in houses and 8.3% in apartments. In terms of living conditions, 89.3% lived with their spouse, 5.4% with others, and 5.3% lived alone. Based on the CANE criteria, the needs in areas such as psychosis control, mental distress, health information, intentional self-harm, accidental self-harm, neglect and abuse, alcohol use, and behavior were partially met. Meanwhile, some unmet needs were identified in psychosis control, mental distress, health information, and other areas.
Conclusion
The highest met needs were related to health information and treatment, while the highest unmet needs were associated with mental distress. The elderly received minimal formal and informal support in most areas. Hence, there is a need to improve access to psychological support services tailored to the elderly, particularly for their unmet needs.
An Effect of Antarctic Ice Melt Towards Seawater Density, Coastal Stability and Seismic Activity
Authors: Yan Jiaqi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

In the recent century, the issue of raising sea level is becoming higher and higher prominent due to the world's rising urbanisation. Combinations of structural, anthropogenic, and climate-related variables contribute to sea-level rise. This publication reviews and analyses recent research on these elements' contributions to raising sea level. The findings indicate that melts glaciers and sheets of ice has primarily caused raising sea level, and we expect this trend to persist in the upcoming decades. As the problem gets worse, geological disasters linked to rising sea levels are getting greater attention. Research suggests that the ocean's ice melting will bring about 2.6% more water into the system than the sea initially displaced. The ice that appears to be melting due to global-warming will result in an increase in the ocean level. All the remaining floating shelf ice and sea ice will melt. The water level would rise by around 5 cm if it melts. When grounded snow slides into the ocean, it causes a two-part indicates rise in level of water, with some of the rise occurring later. When the ice is floating, the initial portion is equivalent to the amount of sea water that has been displaced. The following segment is equivalent. As it melts, it contributes 2.6% of the first. These outcomes of the difference in the equivalent weight quantity between fresh and salt water. This aspect of raising sea level, which can be seen as a type of sea level rise caused by halostronicin relation to the melted (even before it melts) and displaced salt water collectively, appears to have gone unacknowledged in the literature up to this point. Variations in salinity are recognised for impact level of the sea, yet all current analyzes overlook onvolume of estimated shift. We place additional review and emphasis on Antarctic Ice Melt, raising Sea-level and Ocean Density Changes, Geological Stability, Antarctic Continental Shelf Fracturing, and Seismic Activity to gain a deeper comprehension the impact of raising sea level. We proposed the Advanced Archimedes Principle Based on Enhanced Conditional Variational Autoencoder (AAP-ECVAE) to address the threats posed by rising sea levels disasters. We ultimately subject the coastal urban system to a resilience-based quantitative disaster assessment concept, which evaluates its resilience to geological disasters resulting from sea-level rise. When compared to the RF, GP, and NN models, the suggested model AAP-ECVAE shows the best accuracy, precision, and recall.
The isolation, identification, whole-genome sequencing of Trichoderma brevicompactum TB2 and its effects on Plant Growth-Promoting
Authors: Li Hao , Kuerban Zuohereguli , Jiang Rou , He Feixue , Hu Xiao , Xu Yangchun , Dong Caixia , Shen Qirong 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

[Aims] Trichoderma species are recognized for their plant growth-promoting and biocontrol properties. This study aimed to isolate effective Trichoderma strains from the rhizosphere of pear trees and evaluate their growth-promoting effects on various plant species.
[Methods] Ten Trichoderma strains were isolated using a gradient dilution plating method, and Trichoderma brevicompactum TB2 was selected through laboratory and greenhouse experiments. The growth-promoting properties of TB2 were assessed in pot experiments with cucumber and apple rootstock seedlings, and through whole-genome sequencing. Production of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), siderophores, and iron-solubilizing capabilities were measured. [Results] TB2 showed high production of IAA, siderophores, and iron-solubilizing abilities. The draft genome, spanning 18 scaffolds totaling 38.70 Mb with 10,436 protein-coding genes, revealed 431 genes encoding carbohydrate-active enzymes involved in metabolic pathways. Application of TB2 spore suspension (1.0 × 10⁶ CFU/g soil) significantly increased fresh and dry weights across all tested plants and enhanced root development metrics in cucumber and pear seedlings. TB2 inoculation also boosted major and minor nutrient levels in the leaves of apple rootstock seedlings.
[Conclusions] TB2 exhibits strong growth-promoting effects across different plant species, improving physiological indicators such as plant height, stem diameter, and biomass, while enhancing nutrient absorption without host specificity. TB2 can thus be utilized as an excellent agricultural microbial resource strain.
Use of concentrated detergent to optimize the analysis of microplastics in water samples with chitinous zooplankton fragments
Authors: Passos Camila C. , Labuto Geórgia , Semensatto Décio 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Microplastics (MPs) are pollutants of increasing concern, requiring labor-intensive investigation and rigorous quality control. Organic particles in environmental samples, like zooplankton appendages, can resemble MPs, complicating their analysis. To address this, we developed a method to reduce chitinous zooplankton fragments in marine water samples. Samples were collected along the São Paulo coast using a 300 µm plankton net, then oven-dried and treated with H2O2 (35%, 24 h) and HNO3 (65%, 24 h). Despite these treatments, chitinous fragments remained, often resembling MP fibers. We dissolved the fragments using Extran® detergent (20 mL), stirred and heated in a sand bath at 50ºC for 2 hours. This approach effectively eliminated chitinous material, accelerating visual MP identification and improving analytical accuracy. The method is recommended for samples with high zooplankton content, as it streamlines MP analysis and enhances result reliability.
Optimization of Process Prediction Models for Hot-Wire Laser Metal Deposition Using Transfer Learning Strategies Based on Simulation Datasets
Authors: Li Chunkai , Pan Yu , Shi Yu , Wang Wenkai 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

This study addresses the challenge of predicting and controlling melt pool behavior in Hot-Wire Laser Metal Deposition (HW-LMD) technology by proposing a transfer learning strategy based on simulation datasets to optimize process parameter prediction. First, a large amount of simulated data was generated using a mechanistic model to pre-train a deep neural network (DNN). Then, transfer learning was applied by incorporating actual experimental data to enhance the model's accuracy in predicting process parameters related to melt pool dimensions. The experimental results demonstrate that this method significantly reduces the demand for experimental data and lowers prediction errors. The model trained with traditional methods exhibited an error rate of 21.16%, whereas the error was significantly reduced to 2.03% after optimization using the transfer learning strategy based on the simulation dataset. The findings offer a novel approach to process optimization and quality control in the field of additive manufacturing.