bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative analysis of perennial and annualPhaseolusseed nutrient concentrations
Authors: Schier Heather E. , Eliot Kathrin A. , Herron Sterling A. , Landfried Lauren K. , Migicovsky Zoë , Rubin Matthew J. , Miller Allison J. 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACTMalnutrition is a global public health concern and identifying mechanisms to elevate the nutrient output of crops may minimize nutrient deficiencies. Perennial grains within an agroforestry context offers one solution. The development and integration of perennial crops for food has critically influenced dialogue on the ecological intensification of agriculture and agroforestry. However, the nutrient compositions of wild, perennial, herbaceous species, such as those related to the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) are not well known. In this study, seed amino acid and ion concentrations of perennial and annualPhaseolusspecies were quantified using ionomics and mass spectrometry. No statistical difference was observed for Zn, toxic ions (e.g. As) or essential amino acid concentrations (except threonine) between perennial and annualPhaseolusspecies. However, differences were observed for some nutritionally important ions among and within lifespan groups. Ca, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, and P concentrations were higher in annual species. Intraspecific variability in ion concentrations and amino acids was observed within species; further, ion concentrations and amino acids differ among annual species and among perennial species. Ion and amino acid concentration appear to be largely independent of each other. These results suggest variability in ion and amino acid concentrations exist in nature. As new crop candidates are considered for ecological services, nutritional quality should be optimized to maximize nutrient output of sustainable food crops.
Distinct mechanisms of microRNA sorting into cancer cell-derived extracellular vesicle subtypes
Authors: Temoche-Diaz Morayma M. , Shurtleff Matthew J. , Nottingham Ryan M. , Yao Jun , Fadadu Raj P. , Lambowitz Alan M. , Schekman Randy 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACTExtracellular vesicles (EVs) encompass a variety of vesicles secreted into the extracellular space. EVs have been implicated in promoting tumor metastasis, but the molecular composition of tumor-derived EV sub-types and the mechanisms by which molecules are sorted into EVs remain mostly unknown. We report the separation of two EV sub-populations from a metastatic breast cancer cell line, with biochemical features consistent with different sub-cellular origins. These EV sub-types use different mechanisms of miRNA sorting (selective and non-selective), suggesting that sorting occurs via fundamentally distinct processes, possibly dependent on EV origin. Using biochemical and genetic tools, we identified the Lupus La protein as mediating sorting of some selectively packaged miRNAs. We found that two motifs embedded in miR-122 are responsible for high-affinity binding to Lupus La and sorting into vesicles formed in a cell-free reaction. Thus, tumor cells can simultaneously deploy multiple EV species using distinct sorting mechanisms that may enable diverse functions in normal and cancer biology.
Conformational Priming of RepA-WH1 for Functional Amyloid Conversion Detected by NMR Spectroscopy
Authors: Pantoja-Uceda David , Oroz Javier , Fernández Cristina , Alba Eva de , Giraldo Rafael , Laurents Douglas V. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractHow proteins with a stable globular fold acquire the amyloid state is still largely unknown. RepA is a versatile plasmidic DNA binding protein, functional either as a transcriptional repressor or as an initiator or inhibitor of DNA replication, the latter through the assembly of an amyloidogenic oligomer. Its N-terminal domain (WH1) is responsible for discrimination between these functional abilities by undergoing hitherto unknown structural changes. Furthermore, when expressed alone, RepA-WH1 behaves as a synthetic prion-like protein causing an amyloid proteinopathy in bacteria. RepA-WH1 is a stable dimer whose conformational dynamics had not been explored. Here we have studied it through NMR {1H}-15N relaxation and H/D exchange kinetics measurements. The N- and the C- terminal α-helices, which lock the WH1 fold in each subunit of the dimer, as well as an internal amyloidogenic loop, show reduced stability and are partially unfolded in solution. S4-indigo, a small molecule ligand known to interfere with the amyloid assembly of RepA-WH1, binds to and tethers the N-terminal α-helix and a β-hairpin that is involved in dimerization, thus providing evidence for a priming role of fraying ends and dimerization switches in the amyloidogenesis of folded proteins.
Physiotherapists perceptions on informed consent and role in the healthcare system, in Europe
Authors: Roman Nadinne , Caloian Silviu , Repanovici Angela , Miclaus Roxana , Sechel Gabriela , Rogozea Liliana 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIntroductionPhysiotherapy has developed over the last century, and the physiotherapists’ professional identity is growing. The heterogeneity of physiotherapy studies in Europe, local government, and health policies have influenced the responsibilities and ethical reasoning of physiotherapists. Our study aims to explore the perceptions and differences regarding informed consent (IC) and the role of physiotherapists in healthcare in an educational, legislative, and health policy context.Material and MethodsA cross-sectional survey was distributed online to physiotherapist graduates in Europe. The survey contained two open questions regarding IC and assumed role in healthcare. The data was operated to and analyzed by using a theory-based approach (open and axial coding), providing a qualitative spectrum of categories for the two items linked on IC and the role in healthcare.ResultsEight categories of issues related to IC and seven categories related to the role in healthcare were identified. The physiotherapist graduates from Romania, France, Belgium, Italy, and other countries from inside and outside European Union response rate was 81.85% (n = 248 from 303) for the item related to IC and 71.62% (n = 217) to the second item related to the role in healthcare. A percent of 24.20% (n=60) are still considering IC a simple patient information process, while 23.40% (58) have linked IC with ethically and legally issues, 21.67% (n=51) of physiotherapists are minimizing their role in healthcare at restoring physical independence, while 6.91% (n=27) are aware of their multidisciplinary role. The country comparison analysis revealed that physiotherapists from UK and Italy are more aware regarding IC and that physiotherapists from Belgium and France are better oriented regarding their role in healthcare.ConclusionsThe study shows that heterogeneity, legislation, and healthcare system differences influence physiotherapists professional development. Future research is needed to establish the reason for the reduced perception of physiotherapists regarding their role as health promoters.
The link between supplementary tannin level and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) formation in ruminants: A meta-analysis
Authors: Purba Rayudika Aprilia Patindra , Paengkoum Pramote , Paengkoum Siwaporn 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThis meta-analysis was conducted to predict and assert a way to discover conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) formation in ruminant-derived products as problem solver of human health issues threated by plant-containing tannins. The objective was to expound, to compare, and to confirm the efficiency of tannins cultivating CLA formation whether using in vitro and/or in vivo study. A database was created using the ruminants with selectively 26 experiments comprising 683 dietary treatments as explained in vitro and in vivo methods that were applied as a statistical SAS 9.4 tool. Basically, increasing level of tannins leaded to an underlying decrease in CLA formation (p<0.001), initially at predicting coefficient determination R2=0.193, R2=0.929, and R2=0.549 for CLA in vitro, in vivo of CLA milk shift, and in vivo of CLA meat precipitation, respectively. In vitro may accurately predict to the in vivo observation. Unfortunately, there were no relationship in vitro towards in vivo observation (R2<0.1). It indicated to be difficult to predict CLA from in vitro to in vivo separately situations. According to all studies, the level of tannin’s utilization for inhibiting biohydrogenation was not exceedingly >50 g/kg DM recommended. Secondly, the in vivo method was more suitable for directly observation that concerned in fatty acid transformation.
Application of Different Types of Lactic Acid Bacteria Inoculant on Ensiled Rice Straw; Effects on Silage Quality, Rumen Fermentation, Methane Production and Microbial Population
Authors: Oskoueian Ehsan , Jafari Saeid , Noura Reza , Jahromi Mohammad Faseleh , Meng Goh Yong , Ebrahimi Mahdi 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBacterial inoculants are known to improve quality of silage. The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the effects of different types of lactic acid bacteria (LAB;L. plantarum,L. salivarius, L. reuteri, L. brevisandS. bovis) inoculation (106g−1DM) on rice straw silage quality and to examine these effects on ruminal fermentation characteristics, digestibility and microbial populations in anin vitrocondition. Inoculated rice straw was ensiled for 15 and 30 days. Forin vitrostudy, rumen liquor was obtained from two rumen fistulated mature cows fed on mixed forage and concentrate at 60:40 ratio twice daily. Inoculation of LAB improved (P˂0.05) the rice straw silage quality such as increased dry matter and crude protein contents, decreased pH and butyric acid, and increased propionic acid and LAB contents especially after 30 days of ensiling. Results fromin vitrostudy revealed that addition of LAB to the rice straw silage improved fermentation characteristics such as increased total volatile fatty acids and dry matter digestibility (P˂0.05). LAB treatments also decreased methane production and methane/total gas ratio after 15 and 30 days of ensiling. From the rumen microbial population perspective, cellulolytic, and fungal zoospores were enhanced while protozoa and methanogens were decreased by the LAB treatments. Based on these results, it could be concluded that inoculating rice straw silage with LAB (especially forL. plantarumandS. bovis) improved silage quality, rumen fermentation parameters and microbial populationsin vitro. However,in vivostudies need to confirm those effects.
A novel DTC scheme for a sensorless five-phase IM drive under open-phase fault
Authors: Echeikh Hamdi , Kesraoui Hichem , Trabelsi Ramzi , Iqbal Atif , Mimouni Mohamed Faouzi 
Published: April 2019

Purpose
This paper aims to deal with direct torque controller when the five-phase induction motor drive in faulty operation. Precisely, open-phase fault condition is contemplated. Also, the DTC is combined with a speed-adaptive variable-structure observer based on sliding mode observer.

Design methodology/approach
Two novel features are presented. First, the concept of the virtual voltage vector is presented, which eliminates low-frequency harmonic currents and simplifies analysis. Second, speed information is introduced into the selection of the inverter states.

Findings
Direct torque control (DTC) is largely used in traditional three-phase drives as a backup to rotor-stator flux-oriented methods. The classic DTC strategy was primarily designed on the base of hysteresis controllers to control two independent variables (speed, torque and flux). Due to the additional degrees of freedom offered by multiphase machine, extensive works have been extended on the ensemble five-phase drives in healthy operation. In addition, the ability to continue the operation in faulty conditions is considering one of the main advantages of multiphase machines. One can find in the literature different approaches treating this subject. The applicability of DTC after the appearing of a fault has not been enclosed in the literature.

Originality/value
Theoretical development is presented in details followed by simulation results using Matlab/Simulink to analyze the performance of the drive, comparing with the behavior during healthy situation.
Adaptation algorithms for selecting personalised learning experience based on learning style and dyslexia type
Authors: Alsobhi Aisha Yaquob , Alyoubi Khaled Hamed 
Published: April 2019

Purpose
Through harnessing the benefits of the internet, e-learning systems provide flexible learning opportunities that can be delivered at a fixed cost at a time and place to suit the user. As such, e-learning systems can allow students to learn at their own pace while also being suitable for both distance and classroom-based learning activities. Adaptive educational hypermedia systems are e-learning systems that employ artificial intelligence. They deliver personalised online learning interventions that extend electronic learning experiences beyond a mere computerised book through the use of intelligence that adapts the content presented to a user according to a range of factors including individual needs, learning styles and existing knowledge. The purpose of this paper is to describe a novel adaptive e-learning system called dyslexia adaptive e-learning management system (DAELMS). For the purpose of this paper, the term DAELMS will be employed to describe the overall e-learning system that incorporates the required functionality to adapt to students’ learning styles and dyslexia type.

Design/methodology/approach
The DAELMS is a complex system that will require a significant amount of time and expertise in knowledge engineering and formatting (i.e. dyslexia type, learning styles, domain knowledge) to develop. One of the most effective methods of approaching this complex task is to formalise the development of a DAELMS that can be applied to different learning styles models and education domains. Four distinct phases of development are proposed for creating the DAELMS. In this paper, we will discuss Phase 3 which is the implementation and some adaption algorithms while in future papers will discuss the other phases.

Findings
An experimental study was conducted to validate the proposed generic methodology and the architecture of the DAELMS. The system has been evaluated by group of university students studying a Computer Science related majors. The evaluation results proves that when the system provide the user with learning materials matches their learning style or dyslexia type it enhances their learning outcomes.

Originality/value
The DAELMS correlates each given dyslexia type with its associated preferred learning style and subsequently adapts the learning material presented to the student. The DAELMS represents an adaptive e-learning system that incorporates several personalisation options including navigation, structure of curriculum, presentation, guidance and assistive technologies that are designed to ensure the learning experience is directly aligned with the user's dyslexia type and associated preferred learning style.
Exploration of flow and heat transfer of non-Newtonian nanofluid over a stretching sheet by considering slip factor
Authors: Kumar K. Ganesh 
Published: April 2019

Purpose
Here, the present paper characteristics flow and heat transfer of non-Newtonian nanofluid over a stretching sheet. Energy expression is modeled subject to slip factor phenomenon. Consideration of chemical reaction characterizes the mass transfer mechanism.

Design/methodology/approach
The use of transformation variables reduces the PDEs into non-linear ODEs. The obtained nonlinear complex problems are computed numerically through RKF-45 technique. The effects of the different physical parameters on the temperature and concentration distribution are analyzed.

Findings
The nature of the reduced Nusselt number, reduced Sherwood number and skin friction coefficient also described as a function of different parameters arising in the problem. It is found that the rate of mass transfer enhances for enhancing values Brownian motion parameter and thermophoresis parameter.

Originality/value
The nature of the reduced Nusselt number, reduced Sherwood number and skin friction coefficient also described as a function of different parameters arising in the problem. It is found that, the rate of mass transfer enhances for enhancing values Brownian motion parameter and thermophoresis parameter.
Islamic venture capital – issues in practice
Authors: Anwer Zaheer , Asadov Alam , Kamil Nazrol K.M. , Musaev Mehroj , Refede Mohd 
Published: April 2019

Purpose
This paper aims to explore the structure and underlying contracts of Islamic venture capital (IVC) and to evaluate its prospects. VC can be perceived as an investment vehicle possessing most of the desirable attributes of a Sharīʿah-compliant investment vehicle. There are certain issues involved in the formation, operations and exit strategies of these investments that are discussed in detail in this paper.

Design/methodology/approach
A detailed review of relevant literature is performed to identify how IVC investments can be made and how related issues may be resolved.

Findings
IVC investment has potential of incorporating Sharīʿah-compliant investment modes. Additionally, it may offer higher than average returns. These attributes can be desirable for Islamic finance industry that is currently in need of equity-based financing products. The major causes of lesser growth of IVC investments are lack of awareness among the investors and the absence of viable investment opportunities for small- and medium-scale investors. IVC may attract general public if established after extensive research aimed at introducing innovative products.

Originality/value
This paper provides an overview of a truly Sharīʿah-compliant investment vehicle, furnishes a synthesis of various suggestions made by industry and academia and suggests viable solutions for valuation, risk management and exit strategies.
Adomian decomposition method to magnetohydrodynamics natural convection heat generating/absorbing slip flow through a porous medium
Authors: Ajibade Abiodun O. , Gambo Jeremiah Jerry 
Published: April 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to analyze magnetohydrodynamics fully developed natural convection heat-generating/absorbing slip flow through a porous medium. Adomian decomposition method was applied to find the solutions to the problem.

Design/methodology/approach
In this study, Adomian decomposition method was used.

Findings
Results show that heat generation parameter enhanced the temperature and velocity of the fluid in the annulus. Moreover, slip effect parameter increases the velocity of the fluid.

Originality/value
Originality is in the application of Adomian decomposition method which allowed the slip at interface.
Effect of Low‐Density Lipoprotein Apheresis for Nephrotic Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy as Initial Induction Therapy
Authors: Koshi‐Ito Eri , Koike Kiyomi , Tanaka Akihito , Watanabe Yu , Kamegai Naoki , Shimogushi Hiroya , Shinjo Hibiki , Otsuka Yasuhiro , Inaguma Daijo , Takeda Asami 
Published: April 2019

AbstractLow‐density lipoprotein apheresis (LDL‐A) has been used for nephrotic syndrome (NS) caused by focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in Japan. Idiopathic membranous nephropathy (iMN) can also cause treatment‐resistant NS. Therefore, we investigated the effect of LDL‐A during initial induction for it. This retrospective, observational, and single‐center study enrolled consecutive iMN patients who received steroids from March 2000 to May 2015. We compared data between 11 patients treated with LDL‐A (LDL‐A group) and 27 patients without (non‐LDL‐A group) at baseline and 4 and 8 weeks later. Reduction rate of proteinuria and increase rate of serum albumin in LDL‐A group were significantly higher than the other after 4 weeks (P = 0.036 and 0.030) and 8 weeks (P = 0.030 and <0.001), respectively. There was no adverse event caused by LDL‐A and immunosuppressant dose was not significantly different. In conclusion, LDL‐A may be an effective choice for initial induction of nephrotic iMN.
Postharvest Wounding Stress in Horticultural Crops as a Tool for Designing Novel Functional Foods and Beverages with Enhanced Nutraceutical Content: Carrot Juice as a Case Study
Authors: Santana‐Gálvez Jesús , Santacruz Arlette , Cisneros‐Zevallos Luis , Jacobo‐Velázquez Daniel A. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractPhenolic compounds have potential to prevent and treat chronic degenerative diseases (CDDs). A phenolic‐rich carrot juice was produced by the application of wounding stress. The effects of wounding intensity, storage, peeling, blanching, filtration, and pasteurization over physicochemical, nutritional, nutraceutical, and sensory properties of carrot juice were evaluated. Juices from unpeeled carrots had 7% to 40% more minerals, 0.46 to 1.6 less °Brix, and 1.16× more titratable acidity. The carrot juice with the highest phenolic content was obtained by cutting unpeeled carrots into slices, storing them (48 hr, 15 °C), and blanching them thereafter (80 °C, 6 min; stressed unpeeled carrot juice, SUCJ). SUCJ had 3,600% more chlorogenic acid, 195% more total phenolics, and similar carotenoid content than conventional carrot juice. Sensory evaluation of SUCJ was acceptable and willingness to pay increased by providing information about health benefits. SUCJ has potential as a functional beverage that could aid in the prevention and treatment of CDDs.Practical ApplicationConsumers are increasingly demanding foods and beverages that are healthier, natural, safe, and GMO‐free. Abiotic stresses can enhance greatly the nutraceutical content of crops without the need of genetic engineering or dangerous chemicals. These crops could be used as raw materials to produce foods and beverages of higher nutraceutical quality. An easy‐to‐control abiotic stress is wounding stress, which consists of mechanically damaging the plant tissue (for example, cutting). We applied wounding stress to carrot to produce a phenolic‐rich carrot juice. This juice could aid in the prevention or treatment of chronic degenerative diseases.