bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spitzer Microlensing of MOA-2016-BLG-231L: A Counter-rotating Brown Dwarf Binary in the Galactic Disk
Authors: Chung Sun-Ju , Gould Andrew , Skowron Jan , Bond Ian A. , Zhu Wei , Albrow Michael D. , Jung Youn Kil , Han Cheongho , Hwang Kyu-Ha , Ryu Yoon-Hyun , Shin In-Gu , Shvartzvald Yossi , Yee Jennifer C. , Zang Weicheng , Cha Sang-Mok , Kim Dong-Jin , Kim Hyoun-Woo , Kim Seung-Lee , Kim Yun-Hak , Lee Chung-Uk , Lee Dong-Joo , Lee Yongseok , Park Byeong-Gon , Pogge Richard W. ,   (The KMTNet collaboration), Udalski Andrzej , Poleski Radek , Mróz Przemek , Pietrukowicz Paweł , Szymański Michał K. , Soszyński Igor , Kozłowski Szymon , Ulaczyk Krzysztof , Pawlak Michał ,   (The OGLE collaboration), Beichman Charles A. , Bryden Geoffery , Novati Sebastiano Calchi , Carey Sean , Gaudi B. Scott , Henderson Calen B. ,   (The Spitzer team), Abe Fumio , Barry Richard , Bennett David P. , Bhattacharya Aparna , Donachie Martin , Fukui Akihiko , Hirao Yuki , Itow Yoshitaka , Kawasaki Kohei , Kondo Iona , Koshimoto Naoki , Li Man Cheung Alex , Matsubara Yutaka , Muraki Yasushi , Miyazaki Shota , Nagakane Masayuki , Ranc Clément , Rattenbury Nicholas J. , Suematsu Haruno , Sullivan Denis J. , Sumi Takahiro , Suzuki Daisuke , Tristram Paul J. , Yonehara Atsunori ,   (The MOA colllaboration)
Published: January 2019

Abstract
We analyze the binary microlensing event MOA-2016-BLG-231, which was observed from the ground and from Spitzer. The lens is composed of very-low-mass brown dwarfs (BDs) with

and

, and it is located in the Galactic disk

. This is the fifth binary brown dwarf discovered by microlensing, and the BD binary is moving counter to the orbital motion of disk stars. Constraints on the lens physical properties come from late-time, non-caustic-crossing features of the Spitzer light curve. Thus, MOA-2016-BLG-231 shows how Spitzer plays a crucial role in resolving the nature of BDs in binary BD events with short timescales (≲10 days).
On the Generation Mechanism of Electromagnetic Cyclotron Waves in the Solar Wind: Statistical Results from Wind Observations
Authors: Zhao G. Q. , Feng H. Q. , Wu D. J. , Pi G. , Huang J. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Electromagnetic cyclotron waves (ECWs) near the proton cyclotron frequency are frequently observed in the solar wind, yet their generation mechanism is still an open question. Based on the Wind data from 2005−2015, this paper carries out a statistical study on the plasma characteristics associated with the occurrence of ECWs. The probability density distributions (PDDs) of proton temperature anisotropy (T
⊥/T
∥) and proton parallel beta (β
∥) are investigated, where ⊥ and ∥ refer to perpendicular and parallel to the background magnetic field, respectively. The PDDs depend on solar wind types as well as wave polarizations, and those for ECWs with left-handed (LH) polarization exhibit considerable differences from the PDDs for ambient solar winds. The distributions of occurrence rates of LH ECWs in (β
∥, T
⊥/T
∥) space show a tendency that the occurrence rates increase with proton temperature anisotropies. The β
∥ with the maximum of occurrence rates is near 0.1 when T
⊥/T
∥ > 1, while it is around 1 when T
⊥/T
∥ < 1. The presence of alpha−proton differential flow with large kinetic energy corresponds to a much higher occurrence rate as well as the domination of LH polarization of ECWs. Based on these observations and existing theories, we propose that the proton cyclotron and parallel firehose instabilities with effects of alpha−proton differential flow are likely responsible for the local generation of LH ECWs in the solar wind. The generation mechanism of right-handed (RH) ECWs seems to be complicated and more discussions are needed in future research.
Flat-spectrum Radio Continuum Emission Associated with ϵ Eridani
Authors: Rodríguez Luis F. , Lizano Susana , Loinard Laurent , Chávez-Dagostino Miguel , Bastian Timothy S. , Beasley Anthony J. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
We present Very Large Array observations at 33.0 GHz that detect emission coincident with ϵ Eridani to within 0.″07 (0.2 au at the distance of this star), with a positional accuracy of 0.″05. This result strongly supports the suggestion of previous authors that the quiescent centimeter emission comes from the star and not from a proposed giant exoplanet with a semimajor axis of ∼1.″0 (3.4 au). The centimeter emission is remarkably flat and is consistent with optically thin free–free emission. In particular, it can be modeled as a stellar wind with a mass-loss rate of the order of 6.6 × 10−11

yr−1, which is 3300 times the solar value, exceeding other estimates of this star’s wind. However, interpretation of the emission in terms of other thermal mechanisms like coronal free–free and gyroresonance emission cannot be discarded.
Fire in the Heart: A Characterization of the High Kinetic Temperatures and Heating Sources in the Nucleus of NGC 253
Authors: Mangum Jeffrey G. , Ginsburg Adam G. , Henkel Christian , Menten Karl M. , Aalto Susanne , Werf Paul van der 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The nuclear starburst within the central ∼15″ (∼250 pc; 1″ ≃ 17 pc) of NGC 253 has been extensively studied as a prototype for the starburst phase in galactic evolution. Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) imaging within receiver Bands 6 and 7 has been used to investigate the dense gas structure, kinetic temperature, and heating processes that drive the NGC 253 starburst. A total of 29 transitions from 15 molecular species/isotopologues have been identified and imaged at 1.″5–0.″4 resolution, allowing for the identification of five of the previously studied giant molecular clouds within the central molecular zone (CMZ) of NGC 253. Ten transitions from the formaldehyde (H2CO) molecule have been used to derive the kinetic temperature within the ∼0.″5–5″ dense gas structures imaged. On ∼5″ scales we measure T

K
≳ 50 K, while on size scales ≲1″ we measure T

K
≳ 300 K. These kinetic temperature measurements further delineate the association between potential sources of dense gas heating. We have investigated potential heating sources by comparing our measurements to models that predict the physical conditions associated with dense molecular clouds that possess a variety of heating mechanisms. This comparison has been supplemented with tracers of recently formed massive stars (Brγ) and shocks ([Fe ii]). Derived molecular column densities point to a radially decreasing abundance of molecules with sensitivity to cosmic-ray and mechanical heating within the NGC 253 CMZ. These measurements are consistent with radio spectral index calculations that suggest a higher concentration of cosmic-ray-producing supernova remnants within the central 10 pc of NGC 253.
A Comprehensive Spectroscopic and Photometric Analysis of DA and DB White Dwarfs from SDSS and Gaia
Authors: Genest-Beaulieu C. , Bergeron P. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
We present a detailed spectroscopic and photometric analysis of DA and DB white dwarfs drawn from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey with trigonometric parallax measurements available from the Gaia mission. The temperature and mass scales obtained from fits to ugriz photometry appear reasonable for both DA and DB stars, with almost identical mean masses of

and 0.620 M
⊙, respectively. The comparison with similar results obtained from spectroscopy reveals several problems with our model spectra for both pure hydrogen and pure helium compositions. In particular, we find that the spectroscopic temperatures of DA stars exceed the photometric values by ∼10% above T
eff ∼ 14,000 K, while for DB white dwarfs, we observe large differences between photometric and spectroscopic masses below T
eff ∼ 16,000 K. We attribute these discrepancies to the inaccurate treatment of Stark and van der Waals broadening in our model spectra, respectively. Despite these problems, the mean masses derived from spectroscopy—

and 0.625 M
⊙ for the DA and DB stars, respectively—agree extremely well with those obtained from photometry. Our analysis also reveals the presence of several unresolved double degenerate binaries, including DA+DA, DB+DB, DA+DB, and even DA+DC systems. Finally, we take advantage of the Gaia parallaxes to test the theoretical mass–radius relation for white dwarfs. We find that 65% of the white dwarfs are consistent within the 1σ confidence level with the predictions of the mass–radius relation, thus providing strong support to the theory of stellar degeneracy.
Développement de la compétence culturelle infirmière : perspective d’étudiantes de leur environnement d’apprentissage lors d’un stage clinique à l’international
Authors: Laramée Marie-Christine , Blanchet Garneau Amélie 
Published: January 2019

Introduction : il existe une grande diversité dans les programmes de formation en sciences infirmières concernant l’organisation des stages à l’international et le soutien offert aux étudiants dans le développement de leur compétence culturelle. Contexte : peu d’écrits explorent les interactions entre l’environnement d’apprentissage des étudiants et le développement de leur compétence culturelle infirmière. Objectif : explorer, selon la perspective d’étudiants, les éléments de leur environnement d’apprentissage qui interagissent avec le développement de la compétence culturelle lors d’un stage à l’international. Méthode : une étude de cas qualitative a été réalisée. Dix étudiants ayant participé à un stage à l’international dans le cadre d’un programme de baccalauréat en sciences infirmières ont pris part à une entrevue individuelle en profondeur. Résultats : l’analyse thématique des données a fait ressortir trois thèmes : accompagnement par de multiples collaborations, trouver sa place dans le milieu d’accueil et écart entre les attentes des étudiantes et l’expérience vécue. Discussion : cette étude contribue à définir la notion d’environnement d’apprentissage en y intégrant l’accompagnement comme étant une collaboration avec de multiples partenaires. Conclusion : cette étude contribue au développement des connaissances actuelles sur les interactions entre l’environnement d’apprentissage et le développement de la compétence culturelle.
Humaniser les soins par l’auto-observation et le partage de pratiques professionnelles. L’expérience d’une formation dans un Service de soins infirmiers à domicile
Authors: Josset Jean-Marc , Lavoyer Florian , Pâme Patricia 
Published: January 2019

Depuis la promotion fin 2012 de la « bientraitance » par la Haute Autorité de Santé, l’humanisation des soins à domicile reste un délicat sujet d’actualité. Pour pallier les difficultés d’encadrement et de suivi de personnels confrontés à un travail difficile, il est souvent proposé de mettre en place des groupes d’échanges de pratiques, mais avec peu de retours sur les modalités de mise en œuvre. En étudiant les récits et commentaires d’aides-soignantes à domicile de la ville de Bouguenais, tout au long d’une formation-action entreprise sur l’année 2017-2018, nous éclairons cette proposition théorique des écueils, étapes et découvertes d’une expérimentation concrète. Nous en retirons quelques points saillants comme l’importance de l’auto-observation, le rapport au temps, et le rôle du jugement dans les interactions avec les pairs et les patients, points que nous confrontons à la littérature sur le sujet.
L’ambivalence de l’ontologie trinitaire. Un état de la question
Authors: Holzer Vincent 
Published: January 2019

Le syntagme d’ontologie trinitaire apparaît dans la période contemporaine sous la plume de théologiens comme Theodor Haecker ou Clemens Kaliba, puis plus tardivement dans le manifeste d’ontologie trinitaire de Klaus Hemmerle. Ni Hans Urs von Balthasar, ni Karl Rahner ne le prennent à leur compte, bien que l’un et l’autre aient promu ce qui s’apparente sans conteste à une ontologie « orientée par le message de la foi », « ontologie générale » et « symbolique » pour Rahner, « signification trinitaire de l’être du monde » pour Balthasar. Cette partition donnera lieu à l’une des controverses les plus célèbres du xx e siècle au sujet de l’ontologie et de ses fonctions en théologie systématique. L’étude de Vincent Holzer, L’ambivalence de l’ontologie trinitaire , est tout entière consacrée à ce segment moderne et contemporain de l’ontologie trinitaire. Elle en analyse les présupposés et les données fondamentales, tout en les interrogeant de manière critique et prospective.
Un « retour en grâce » de la philosophie d’Emmanuel Mounier ?
Authors: Petit Jean-François 
Published: January 2019

Comment expliquer « le retour en grâce de la philosophie d’Emmanuel Mounier » ? On peut comprendre les raisons de l’oubli puis de la réémergence de la pensée dans le mouvement de réévaluation des philosophies du xx e siècle par un vaste travail d’édition et de réélaborations critiques à la faveur de significations plus cosmopolitiques et d’un approfondissement théorique, dont Paul Ricœur fut la cheville ouvrière. Si le « kairos » des années 2000 s’estompe, un nouveau cycle de réception est sans doute en train de s’engager.
Cutting Edge: IL-27 Attenuates Autoimmune Neuroinflammation via Regulatory T Cell/Lag3–Dependent but IL-10–Independent Mechanisms In Vivo
Authors: Kim Dongkyun , Le Hongnga T. , Nguyen Quang Tam , Kim Sohee , Lee Juyeun , Min Booki 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
IL-27 regulates immune responses in inflammation. The underlying mechanism of IL-27 functions has long been attributed to its ability to induce IL-10 production in activated CD4 T cells. In this study, we report that Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) are the main target cells of IL-27, mediating its immunoregulatory functions in vivo. Systemically delivered IL-27 efficiently prevents the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, an autoimmune inflammation in the CNS. However, it failed to do so upon Treg depletion. IL-27 signaling in Tregs was necessary, as transferring Tregs deficient in IL-27Rα or Lag3, a downstream molecule induced by IL-27, was unable to protect mice from experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. IL-27 efficiently induced IL-10 expression in CD4 T cells in vitro; however, we found no evidence supporting IL-27–induced IL-10 induction in CD4 T cells in vivo. Taken together, our results uncover an irreplaceable contribution of Tregs during IL-27–mediated control of inflammation.
Poor Antigen Processing of Poxvirus Particles Limits CD4+ T Cell Recognition and Impacts Immunogenicity of the Inactivated Vaccine
Authors: Forsyth Katherine S. , DeHaven Brian , Mendonca Mark , Paul Sinu , Sette Alessandro , Eisenlohr Laurence C. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
CD4+ T cells play critical roles in defending against poxviruses, both by potentiating cellular and humoral responses and by directly killing infected cells. Despite this central role, the basis for pox-specific CD4+ T cell activation, specifically the origin of the poxvirus-derived peptides (epitopes) that activate CD4+ T cells, remains poorly understood. In addition, because the current licensed poxvirus vaccines can cause serious adverse events and even death, elucidating the requirements for MHC class II (MHC-II) processing and presentation of poxviral Ags could be of great use. To address these questions, we explored the CD4+ T cell immunogenicity of ectromelia, the causative agent of mousepox. Having identified a large panel of novel epitopes via a screen of algorithm-selected synthetic peptides, we observed that immunization of mice with inactivated poxvirus primes a virtually undetectable CD4+ T cell response, even when adjuvanted, and is unable to provide protection against disease after a secondary challenge. We postulated that an important contributor to this outcome is the poor processability of whole virions for MHC-II–restricted presentation. In line with this hypothesis, we observed that whole poxvirions are very inefficiently converted into MHC-II–binding peptides by the APC as compared with subviral material. Thus, stability of the virion structure is a critical consideration in the rational design of a safe alternative to the existing live smallpox vaccine.
Intraoperative electrocorticography
Authors: Alcaraz Gabriela , Manninen Pirjo 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIntraoperative electrocorticography (ECoG) is the recording of electrophysiological activity from electrodes placed directly on the exposed surface of brain, during surgery for epilepsy and tumor resection. The ECoG is helpful in defining the seizure onset and spread within the cortical surface and delineation of the interface between epileptogenic zones and functional cortex substance of the brain. Intraoperative ECoG is an invasive procedure, it is performed during surgery mostly commonly during awake craniotomy but at times during general anaesthesia. As most anesthetic agents will affect ECoG, they should be minimized or stopped prior to any recording. Activation of intraoperative epileptiform activity may also be required if there are no spontaneous discharges. The appropriate management of the anesthetic during the time of ECoG is critical for its success. There are limitations and some controversies to all the uses of intraoperative ECoG, thus each center will set their own indications, criteria, and protocols.
Use of desflurane in neurosurgery: Cons
Authors: Srivastava Shashi 
Published: January 2019

AbstractDesflurane is being projected nowadays as inhalational agent of choice in the repertoire of the modern day anaesthesiologists. Refinement of its pharmacologic properties from its predecessors has attracted the attention of clinicians towards this novel agent. However, within the realms of neurosurgical anaesthesiology, the widespread use of desflurane today should be, at best viewed with a bit of caution. Although a sizeable number of advantages of using desflurane exist, anaesthesiologists dealing with neurosurgical patients should be cognizant of its drawbacks.
The influence of anaesthesia on intraoperative neuromonitoring changes in high-risk spinal surgery
Authors: Royan Nathan , Lu Nancy , Manninen Pirjo , Venkatraghavan Lakshmikumar 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Background: The use of intraoperative neuromonitoring is a well-established method of detecting neurologic injuries during spine surgery. Anaesthesia, especially inhalational agents, influence motor evoked potential (MEP) monitoring. The aim of our study was to compare the effect of balanced anaesthesia (BA) (intravenous plus inhalational anaesthesia) and total intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA) on the incidence of intraoperative neuromonitoring changes, interventions performed and neurological outcomes of patients following high-risk spinal surgery. Methods: After Research and Ethics Board approval, a retrospective review of 155 patients who underwent spinal surgery with MEP was performed. Data were collected on changes in MEP and/or somatosensory evoked potential, interventions performed and neurological outcomes. Patients were divided into BA and TIVA groups and data were analysed. Results: A total of 152 patients were eligible for the study (mean age 54 ± 17, male: female 45:55). A BA technique was used in 62% and TIVA in 38%. Desflurane (<0.5 minimum alveolar concentration [MAC]) was used in 85% BA cases. Intraoperative neuromonitoring changes occurred in 11.8% (18/152) of cases. There was no statistical difference in the incidence of monitoring changes between BA (78%) and TIVA (22%) groups (P = 0.197). Anaesthetic or surgical interventions were performed in 12 patients, with a resolution of changes in 50% (P = 0.455). All 5 patients with persistent MEP changes had worsening of existing neurological deficits postoperatively; 8 had transient MEP changes, and 2 experienced worsening of existing neurological deficits. Conclusions: We found that intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring can be performed with both BA (MAC <0.5) and TIVA in high-risk spinal surgery with no statistical difference in the incidence of intraoperative monitoring changes.
Iatrogenic neck mobility restriction due to stereotactic fixed-frame application: Implications of a ‘non-laryngoscopic’ airway management approach
Authors: Bhutani Rachna , Dutta Amitabh , Ganguly Neelam , Sood Jayashree 
Published: January 2019

AbstractStereotactic biopsy is a common minimal access neurosurgical procedure. It requires a stereotactic frame to be secured on the head, and thereafter, based on computerised tomography scan markings on the frame, precise biopsy is retrieved. For anaesthesiologists, the application of frame poses difficulty in accessing the upper airway with the conventional laryngoscopy-intubation methodology. The various airway-access limitations imposed by an ‘in-place’ frame can be problematic and should be addressed. This report elucidates the problems caused by the presence of stereotactic frame in the management of upper airway. The approach to upper airway can be variable on a case-to-case basis, depending on attending anaesthesiologists’ decision-making and availability of equipments/devices. Here, the, recommendations on the problematic points and the suggested way thereof are presented.
Post-operative complications in patients undergoing anterior cervical discectomy and fusion: A retrospective review
Authors: Yadav Rahul , Chavali Siddharth , Chaturvedi Arvind , Rath Girija 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Background: Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) is a surgical procedure used to manage various cervical spine disorders including spondylosis, prolapsed intervertebral disc, trauma and degenerative disc disease. However, this procedure may be associated with significant post-operative complications. In this study, we aimed to analyse the prevalence of post-operative complications following ACDF. Methods: Perioperative data of 128 patients who underwent ACDF surgery at our institute over a 3-year period was analysed. Patients who underwent previous neck surgeries were excluded. Results: Single level ACDF without cervical plating was observed to be the most commonly performed surgical procedure (53%). Dysphagia was the most common (16.4%) post-operative complaint, followed by neurological deterioration (7.9%). One patient suffered pharyngeal perforation and presented postoperatively with subcutaneous emphysema and haemoptysis. Conclusions: Post-operative dyphagia and worsening of pre-existing myelopathy were the most common complications following ACDF, and multilevel surgery was identified as the most significant risk factor. The early detection and prompt management may help reduce mortality and morbidity in such patients.