bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Hipnotherapi Terhadap Penurunan Tingkat Nyeri dan Kecemasan Pada Pasien Kemoterapi di RS Dr. Kariadi
Authors: Laely Anna 
Published: September 2019

Latar belakang : Salah satu standar pelayanan yang disebutkan dalam akreditasi rumah sakit adalah bahwa rumah sakit harus mampu memberikan pelayanan dalam pengelolaan rasa nyeri secara efektif terhadap pasien. Pengelolaan rasa nyeri pasien merupakan tanggung jawab tim yang memberikan perawatan terhadap pasien, termasuk di dalamnya adalah perawat. Kanker merupakan salah satu penyakit yang berhubungan dengan rasa nyeri dan kecemasan pasien. Berdasarkan studi awal pasien kanker yang menjalani kemoterapi akan mengeluhkan rasa nyeri dan juga timbul gangguan psikologis berupa kecemasan. Hipnoterapi merupakan metode terapi non farmakologis untuk mengurangi nyeri dan kecemasan pasien yang sedang menjalani kemoterapi Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh hipnoterapi terhadap penurunan tingkat nyeri dan kecemasan pada pasien kemoterapi di RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang. Metode : Penelitian trial denganÂ pre-test and post-test design. Pada penelitian ini trial atau intervensi hipnoterapi hanya dilakukan satu kali terhadap subyek. Sampel yang digunakan sejumlah 30 responden yang sedang menjalani kemoterapi. Sampel diambil secara purposive sampling. Instrumen untuk mengukur tingkat nyeri adalah VAS (Visual Analog Scale) dan hypnosis dilakukan dengan memberikan music untuk relaksasi dan pemberian sugesti pada pasien. Hasil : menunjukkan tingkat nyeri dan kecemasan pasien yang sedang menjalani kemoterapi lebih cenderung pada tingkat sedang dan berat. Terjadi penurunan yang signifikan terhadap tingkat nyeri dan kecemasan pasien kemoterapi setelah dilakukannya hipnoterapi. Skala rata-rata tingkat nyeri sebelum diberikan hipnoterapi yaitu 5,1 dengan skala nyeri terbesar pada angka 9, sesudah dilakukan hypnoterapi skala nyeri rata-rata menjadi 3,5 dengan skala terendah pada angka 1. Skala rata-rata tingkat kecemasan pasien kemoterapi sebelum diberikan hipnoterapi yaitu 61,67 dengan skala terbesar pada angka 90, sesudah dilakukan hypnoterapi skala tingkat kecemasan rata-rata 36,33 dengan skala penurunan sampai dengan angka 20. Berdasarkan hasil uji Wilcoxon sign rank test menunjukkan ada pengaruh yang signifikan hypnoterapi terhadap penurunanÂ tingkat nyeri (p value = 0.00) dan tingkat kecemasan (p value = 0.00). Simpulan : Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini diharapkan rumah sakit dapat menjadikan metode hipnoterapi sebagai salah satu panduan pelayanan untuk pengelolaan nyeri dan kecemasan pada pasien dan juga metode ini dapat dikembangkan sebagai salah satu standar operasional asuhan keperawatan paliatif care, sehingga bisa meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan.
First [N ii]122 μm Line Detection in a QSO-SMG Pair BRI 1202−0725 at z = 4.69
Authors: Lee Minju M. , Nagao Tohru , De Breuck Carlos , Carniani Stefano , Cresci Giovanni , Hatsukade Bunyo , Kawabe Ryohei , Kohno Kotaro , Maiolino Roberto , Mannucci Filippo , Marconi Alessandro , Nakanishi Kouichiro , Saito Toshiki , Tamura Yoichi , Troncoso Paulina , Umehata Hideki , Yun Min 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
We report the first detection obtained with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array of the [N ii] 122 μm line emission from a galaxy group BRI 1202−0725 at z = 4.69 consisting of a quasi-stellar object (QSO) and a submillimeter-bright galaxy (SMG). Combining this with a detection of [N ii] 205 μm line in both galaxies, we constrain the electron densities of the ionized gas based on the line ratio of [N ii] 122/205. The derived electron densities are

26

−
11

+
12

and

134

−
39

+
50

cm−3 for the SMG and the QSO, respectively. The electron density of the SMG is similar to that of the Galactic Plane and to the average of the local spirals. However, higher electron densities (by up to a factor of three) could be possible for systematic uncertainties of the line flux estimates. The electron density of the QSO is comparable to high-z star-forming galaxies at z = 1.5–2.3, obtained using rest-frame optical lines and with the lower limits suggested from stacking analysis on lensed starbursts at z = 1–3.6 using the same tracer of [N ii]. Our results suggest a large scatter of electron densities in global scale at fixed star formation rates for extreme starbursts. The success of the [N ii] 122 μm and 205 μm detections at z = 4.69 demonstrates the power of future systematic surveys of extreme starbursts at z > 4 for probing the interstellar medium conditions and the effects on surrounding environments.
Pureté mélancolique… : la visée de l’être, cause de l’entre-deux-morts
Authors: Mary Léa 
Published: September 2019

Chez Sade, le désir d’une seconde mort visant l’absolu d’un anéantissement manqué par la mort réelle, « première », rencontre la limite d’une subsistance de l’être dans une souffrance éternelle. Le déjà mort dans le dire du sujet mélancolique, explicite ou masqué par la perte d’une vie d’avant, antécédent à une mort physique trop hâtivement assimilée à la seconde mort, révèle un entre-deux-morts où la pure douleur d’exister fait entendre, à la limite, son chant pouvant aller jusqu’à l’arrêt du défilé des signifiants, autant qu’elle trouve incarnation. Non réductible à une conception idéale, tragique ou esthétisante de la mort où il est souvent maintenu, l’entre-deux-morts éclaire la référence radicale à l’objet a , leurre de l’être, dans la mélancolie et ses effets catastrophiques comme la singularité du fantasme et du désir du mélancolique, au lieu même de l’exception.
La première année de pratique médicale de Freud, 1886-1887
Authors: Bernfeld Siegfried , Cassirer Bernfeld Suzanne , Longé Thierry 
Published: September 2019

Au cours du second semestre de l’année 1886, à son retour d’un voyage d’études à Paris puis Berlin, Freud installe sa pratique médicale libérale en plein cœur de Vienne. Il débute parallèlement sa consultation hebdomadaire bénévole en neuropédiatrie au dispensaire de Kassowitz. Il achève sa traduction des Leçons de Charcot, qui seront publiées dès juillet. Il se marie avec Martha Bernays après de longues fiançailles. Enfin, il affronte ses maîtres viennois en se faisant passeur des théories du maître de la Salpêtrière. Dans un registre hagiographique, les auteurs déploient ce panorama qui voit l’entrée de Freud sur la scène médicale viennoise.
La stabilisation du Sahel, nouveau rocher de Sisyphe ?
Authors: Châtaigner Jean-Marc 
Published: September 2019

Le Sahel est traversé par des crises multiples qui peuvent avoir un impact au-delà de cette zone. Toutefois, la situation n’est pas désespérée. Certains pays et régions résistent mieux que d’autres face à la dégradation de l’environnement sécuritaire. La communauté internationale a un rôle important à jouer pour aider les acteurs locaux à lutter contre des maux variés : pauvreté, corruption, désertification, terrorisme, etc. L’aide internationale doit être pérenne et mieux coordonnée.
Vulnérabilités prénatales, enjeux éthiques de la prévention : enquête de pratiques
Authors: Einaudi Marie-Ange , Bernard Olivier , Tardieu Sophie 
Published: September 2019

Objectif : Certaines situations prénatales peuvent être qualifiées de « préoccupantes » sur le plan médico-psychosocial, avec un risque de danger pour l’enfant à naître. Elles soulèvent différentes problématiques, entre prévention et protection, légal et légitime. Les objectifs de cette étude étaient d’évaluer la perception des professionnels vis-à-vis des situations prénatales les plus préoccupantes, de réaliser un état des lieux des pratiques concernant leur prise en charge et d’identifier des leviers d’amélioration. Méthode : La recherche s’appuyait sur une méthodologie mixte quali-quantitative. Des entretiens semi-dirigés ont été me nés auprès de professionnels régionaux sensibilisés à ces problématiques, permettant l’élaboration d’un questionnaire validé selon une méthodologie de type Delphi. Une enquête régionale a ensuite été réalisée sur la base de ce questionnaire, auprès des maternités, des services de protection maternelle et infantile et des cellules de recueil des informations préoccupantes des conseils départementaux. Résultats : Le taux de participation était de 69 %. L’enquête révélait une volonté de partenariat dans le cadre d’un dispositif régional en faveur de la périnatalité, une sensibilisation aux enjeux éthiques (partage d’information, conflits de valeurs, éthique du soin, vulnérabilité…), et une méconnaissance du cadre réglementaire (juridique, déontologique). Différentes pistes d’amélioration ont été proposées. Conclusions : Cette étude participe à la fois aux missions d’observatoire des pratiques des Espaces régionaux de réflexion éthique, ainsi qu’aux politiques publiques de prévention périnatale.
Surdité néonatale : mesure exploratoire par le PMSI de la couverture du dépistage en Île-de-France
Authors: Pluvinage Baptiste , Desplanques Laurence , Quily Gaëlle , Hallak Marc , Serfaty Annie 
Published: September 2019

Objectif	: Estimer la couverture du dépistage de la surdité permanente bilatérale néonatale (SPBN) chez les nouveau-nés, en Île-de-France, entre 2012 et 2017, à l’aide du Programme de médicalisation des systèmes d’information (PMSI).	Méthode	: La population d’étude est composée des résumés de sortie anonymes (séjours hospitaliers) des nouveau-nés (0 à 28 jours de vie) d’Île-de-France entre 2012 et 2017, extraits des données du PMSI par le système décisionnel Diamant. Le taux annuel de couverture du dépistage est estimé par le rapport entre le nombre de séjours avec le code Z13.51 « Examen spécial de dépistage des affections des oreilles » et au cours desquels un des deux actes de dépistage de la SPBN a été réalisé, d’une part, et le nombre de naissances vivantes enregistrées dans les établissements de santé franciliens, d’autre part.	Résultats	: En 2017, 133 152 résumés de sortie anonymes de nouveau-nés ayant le code Z13.51 sont comptabilisés en région francilienne sur 178 011 naissances vivantes, soit environ 75 % des nouveau-nés. Les séjours avec présence d’un acte CDQP009 ou CDQP017 représentent une proportion de 16,3 %. Le taux annuel de couverture du dépistage estimé avec les données du PMSI (89,8 %, en prenant en compte les différentes pratiques de codage) est inférieur à celui calculé avec les données de la fédération parisienne pour le dépistage et la prévention des handicaps de l’enfant (FPDPHE) (95,5 %) et celui des objectifs nationaux/régionaux fixés par le programme de dépistage.	Conclusion	: La démarche et les résultats observés permettraient d’estimer un taux annuel de couverture du dépistage de la SPBN à l’aide des données issues du PMSI, si le Plan national et les pratiques de codage PMSI étaient respectés. L’harmonisation des pratiques de codage ainsi qu’une assurance qualité des données du PMSI sont indispensables pour la construction d’un indicateur de recours au dépistage basé sur les données recueillies en routine (PMSI, SNDS) et pour contribuer au suivi de la mise en œuvre du programme de dépistage.
Improvement of E-learning Based via Learning Management Systems (LMS) Using Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Noama Khaled . M. G , Khalid Ahmed , Muharram Arafat A. , Ahmed Ibrahim A. 
Published: September 2019

E-Learning nowadays is one of the learning system which uses the latest technologies in the field of innovative learning, it has been an extension of traditional education. The effectiveness of E-Learning lies in achievement of education and improving the student's performance and its reflection on the demands of students by discovering the weaknesses and strengths of the factors affecting distance learning. In this research we have used the multilayered neural networks (feedforward neural network) with an input of five neurons which represent the five criteria (virtual class presence, Discussion during semester, Solving Quiz, Mid-term examination, Assignment), hidden layer has two neurons and the output layers have one neuron. to estimate the performance of the students attending an E-Learning course, feedforward neural network was applied to real data )400 student records (80%) are used for training data and the remaining 100 records (20%) are used as test data, performance = 0.0699), to predict the performance of the students that reflect their real grades.
Infection: Immunological Barriers
Authors: Cipelli Marcella , Ignacio Aline , Saraiva Camara Niels Olsen 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Microorganisms can infect a host through various portals of entry. The host attempts to counter microbial infection and dissemination using many physical, chemical and immunological strategical barriers. Among them, epithelial cell layer comprises the outer barrier defence of the body being in constant contact with microorganisms and full‐time communication with adjacent immune cells. In this matter, host immune system needs to develop the ability to distinguish members of the microbiota from pathogens in order to provide protection against harmful invaders without inciting unnecessary immune responses. In this article we will discuss the mechanisms by which innate and adaptive immune system can sense the external environment and through the crosstalk with epithelial cells can coordinate effective immune response in skin and mucosal surfaces.

Key Concepts

The skin and the mucosal surfaces comprise the major portals of entrance for microbes' colonisation and infection.

From birth, the skin and mucosal surfaces are naturally populated by microorganisms (bacteria, fungi, viruses) called microbiota, which helps to educate the host immune system to distinguish infectious agents from harmless particles.

The immune system encompasses nonspecific immune responses nominated innate immunity and highly‐specialised deference mechanisms called adaptive immunity.

Lamina propria consists the connective tissue immediately adjacent to epithelial cell layer rich of cells including fibroblasts, innate and adaptive immune cells.

Along with the epithelium and the basement membrane, lamina propria constitutes the mucosa which is present in the several tubes of the body such as respiratory, genitourinary and gastrointestinal tract.

The epithelial cell layer acts as a physical barrier and releases chemical substances that play a key role in innate immune responses.

Mucosal surfaces harbour a great number of T cells which due to the presence of T‐cell receptor (TCR) can recognise specific microorganisms and coordinate a specific response against the invader.

Cytokines and chemokines are chemical substances that signal between cells to communicate and activate cells and perform the immune responses.
Molecular Genetics of Salivary Gland Cancer
Authors: Mallen‐St. Clair Jon , Ha Patrick 
Published: September 2019

AbstractMalignant salivary gland tumours are rare cancers of the head and neck with varied histopathology and clinical behaviour. The most common forms of salivary gland malignancies include mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC), adenoid cystic carcinoma (AdCC), acinic cell carcinoma (ACC) and a number of more uncommon entities. Novel sequencing techniques and chromosomal analyses have led to an increased understanding of the genetics of these tumours. A characteristic molecular profile of many of these tumours is emerging and involves balanced chromosomal translocations that result in the expression of unique fusion proteins, as well as genomic variants in a limited subset of genes. Early clinical trials targeting these genetic aberrations have demonstrated promising results. Further elucidation of the molecular mechanisms of this heterogeneous group of tumours will be essential to design effective targeted therapies for salivary gland malignancies.Key ConceptsMalignant salivary gland tumours are rare tumours with varied clinical behaviour and histopathology.Advances in genetic sequencings have enabled improved insight into the genetics of salivary gland tumours.The majority of salivary gland malignancies result from well‐defined chromosomal translocations.The chromosomal translocations found in salivary gland malignancies result in the expression of fusion genes that are important in the aetiology of these tumours.Salivary gland tumours result from the deregulation of a limited number of pathways and genes – which may enable the development of targeted therapeutics for these rare tumours.
Adaptive Genetic Differentiation of Invasive Species; Slender False Brome as a Model
Authors: Cruzan Mitchell B 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

It has been difficult to identify unifying characteristics that would allow prediction of invasiveness, but the most aggressively invasive species often have relatively high genetic diversity in their introduced range, suggesting they were established by multiple introductions. The invasive slender false brome (
Brachypodium sylvaticum
) provides a well‐studied example to understand how multiple introductions leads to invasiveness. Genetic admixture among divergent varieties of this species from the native range provided high levels of diversity and facilitated adaptive evolution for increased drought tolerance. Range expansion produced less vigorous inbred populations, but gene flow appears to alleviate inbreeding depression through the introduction of genetic variation followed by selection for purging of genetic load. Human‐mediated dispersal has facilitated the spread of false brome by concentrating seed deposition in areas that have been disturbed. The success of invasive species may provide us with models for the management of native species declining due to climate change.

Key Concepts

It has been difficult to identify any unifying characteristics of introduced species that would help predict their potential to become invasive.

One commonality for many of the most aggressively invasive species is high genetic diversity in their invaded range, which suggests that they were first established by multiple introductions.

The
Brachypodium sylvaticum
(slender false brome) invasion provides a well‐studied example of how multiple introductions can promote adaptation and invasiveness.

Cultivation of divergent lineages of
B. sylvaticum
by range managers in the same location promoted admixture and the generation of hybrid invasive lineages.

Comparison of phenotypic and genetic marker variation between the introduced and native ranges provides evidence of adaptive divergence for traits associated with drought tolerance.

The spread of
B. sylvaticum
was facilitated by its association with human activity producing long‐distance seed movement and directed dispersal resulting in high propagule pressure.

Inbreeding depression in newly colonised populations at the expanding range edge may be overcome by purging of genetic load due to gene flow among populations followed by selection.

The rapid adaptation facilitated by admixture in invasive species may provide a model for management strategies for native species under pressure from climate change.
Changes in Brain Acetylcholinesterase and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in African Catfish Exposed to Carbendazim
Authors: Ezeoyili Ifeanyi Christian , Mgbenka Bernard O. , Atama Chinedu Ifeanyi , Ngwu Godwin I. , Madu Josephine Chinenye , Nwani Christopher Didigwu 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Carbendazim (CBZ) is a widely used, systemic, broad-spectrum benzimidazole fungicide. It is used worldwide against fungal diseases on a wide range of agricultural products and in domestic gardens. The activities of brain oxidative stress biomarkers and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in juvenile African Catfish Clarias gariepinus exposed to CBZ were investigated. Juveniles were exposed to sublethal concentrations of 0.22, 0.43, and 0.64 mg/L CBZ, which corresponded to 5, 10, and 15% of the 96-h LC50 (the concentration that was lethal to 50% of the test organisms over the first 96 h) of CBZ fungicide for 21 d. Individuals were allowed an extra 7-d recovery period. The brain tissues were sampled and analyzed on days 1, 7, 14, 21, and 28 (including the 7-d recovery period). The results indicated significant concentration-dependent inhibition of the brain AChE activities in all exposed groups. The lipid peroxidation was significantly elevated while the antioxidant enzymes and protein values were significantly inhibited by CBZ exposure. However, the values of catalase on days 7, 14, and 21 were significantly higher than day 1 values. Overall, CBZ altered brain oxidative stress parameters and led to the inhibition of AChE. This fungicide should be used with utmost caution to protect and safeguard fish, ensuring that fish production and survival in the environment remain unaffected.
Synergy of Dopants and Defects in Graphitic Carbon Nitride with Exceptionally Modulated Band Structures for Efficient Photocatalytic Oxygen Evolution
Authors: Zhao Daming , Dong Chung‐Li , Wang Bin , Chen Chao , Huang Yu‐Cheng , Diao Zhidan , Li Shuzhou , Guo Liejin , Shen Shaohua 
Published: September 2019

AbstractElectronic structure greatly determines the band structures and the charge carrier transport properties of semiconducting photocatalysts and consequently their photocatalytic activities. Here, by simply calcining the mixture of graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C3N4) and sodium borohydride in an inert atmosphere, boron dopants and nitrogen defects are simultaneously introduced into g‐C3N4. The resultant boron‐doped and nitrogen‐deficient g‐C3N4 exhibits excellent activity for photocatalytic oxygen evolution, with highest oxygen evolution rate reaching 561.2 µmol h−1 g−1, much higher than previously reported g‐C3N4. It is well evidenced that with conduction and valence band positions substantially and continuously tuned by the simultaneous introduction of boron dopants and nitrogen defects into g‐C3N4, the band structures are exceptionally modulated for both effective optical absorption in visible light and much increased driving force for water oxidation. Moreover, the engineered electronic structure creates abundant unsaturated sites and induces strong interlayer C–N interaction, leading to efficient electron excitation and accelerated charge transport. In the present work, a facile approach is successfully demonstrated to engineer the electronic structures and the band structures of g‐C3N4 with simultaneous introduction of dopants and defects for high‐performance photocatalytic oxygen evolution, which can provide informative principles for the design of efficient photocatalysis systems for solar energy conversion.
Programming Multistage Shape Memory and Variable Recovery Force with 4D Printing Parameters
Authors: Wang Jingchun , Wang Zhenguo , Song Zhengyi , Ren Luquan , Liu Qingping , Ren Lei 
Published: September 2019

AbstractMultistage shape changing is essential for soft robots and actuators, which is difficult to achieve via current 4D printing methods. While 4D printing smart materials and structures are widely investigated, the effect of 3D printing parameters on 4D behaviors, on the other hand, is not adequately explored thus far. Here, it is proposed to program multistage shape memory and variable recovery force by designing 4D printing parameters. Specifically, the effects of nozzle temperature, layer thickness, geometric thickness, and filling angle on shape memory properties of polylactic acid are investigated. It is found that the nozzle temperature apparently affects shape recovery time, and the filling angle apparently affects shape recovery force. Further, the geometric thickness of specimens simultaneously affects recovery time and force. Based on the relationship between shape memory properties and process parameters, the programming of shape recovery speed and recovery force is achieved successfully. As a proof‐of‐concept, an order of the shape recovery of artificial fingers and a lifting box that can use shape recovery force to lift different weights are demonstrated. This strategy fully takes the advantages of 4D printing technology and enriches the approach to the control of 4D printing actuators and soft robots.