bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Die Rolle der Zellfusion im Tumorkontext. Fakt oder Fiktion?
Authors: Dittmar Thomas 
Published: March 2019

ZusammenfassungDas biologische Phänomen der Zellfusion spielt bei verschiedenen physiologischen Prozessen, wie bei der Fertilisation, der Plazentabildung oder der Wundheilung/ Geweberegeneration, aber auch pathophysiologischen Prozessen, wie Krebs, eine bedeutende Rolle. Insbesondere bei Krebs wird vermutet, dass aus der Fusion zwischen Tumorzellen und normalen Zellen, wie Makrophagen, Fibroblasten oder Stammzellen, Tumor-Hybridzellen hervorgehen können, die neue Eigenschaften besitzen können, wie z. B. ein erhöhtes metastatogenes Potenzial oder eine erhöhte Unempfindlichkeit gegenüber Zytostatika. Doch obwohl in zahlreichen In-vitro- und In-vivo-Studien gezeigt werden konnte, dass durch Fusion stabile Tumor-Hybridzellen hervorgehen können, wird diese Hypothese nach wie vor kritisch diskutiert. Andererseits mehren sich die Studien, in denen eindeutig Tumor-Hybridzellen in humanen Tumoren und im peripheren Blut nachgewiesen wurden, was zudem mit einer schlechten Prognose für die Patienten korrelierte. Daher soll in diesem Übersichtsartikel das Phänomen der Zellfusion im Tumorkontext näher betrachtet werden und zusammengefasst werden, was für diese Hypothese spricht und warum Zellfusionsereignisse im humanen Tumorkontext durchaus etwas Reales sind.
2-Azadienes as Enamine Umpolung Synthons for the Preparation of Chiral Amines
Authors: Malcolmson Steven J. , Li Kangnan , Shao Xinxin 
Published: March 2019

The development of new strategies for the preparation of chiral amines is an important objective in organic synthesis. In this Synpacts, we summarize our approach for catalytically accessing nucleophilic aminoalkyl metal species from 2-azadienes, and its application in generating a number of important but elusive chiral amine scaffolds. Reductive couplings with ketones and imines afford 1,2-amino tertiary alcohols and 1,2-diamines, respectively, whereas fluoroarylations of gem-difluoro-2-azadienes deliver α-trifluoromethylated benzylic amines.1	Introduction2	Background: Umpolung Strategies for Preparing Chiral Amines3	Background: 2-Azadienes4	Reductive Couplings of 2-Azadienes5	Fluoroarylations of gem-Difluoro-2-azadienes6	Summary and Outlook
Balloon Tamponade and Esophageal Stenting for Esophageal Variceal Bleeding in Cirrhosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Rodrigues Susana , Cárdenas Andrés , Escorsell Àngels , Bosch Jaime 
Published: March 2019

AbstractFailure to control variceal bleeding with current recommendations occurs in 10 to 20% of cases. This systematic review and meta-analysis analyzes the experience, results, and complications of “bridge” therapies for failure to control acute variceal bleeding: balloon tamponade and esophageal stents. The main outcomes assessed were failure to control bleeding and mortality in the short-term and medium-term follow-up, and adverse events. Balloon tamponade studies had a pooled rate of short-term failure to control bleeding of 35.5%, and adverse events in over 20% of cases; 9.7% resulting in death. Stenting failed to control bleeding in the short term and medium term in 12.7 and 21.5% of cases of severe or refractory variceal bleeding, respectively, despite stent migration in 23.8% of cases. Medium-term mortality rates were similar in both therapies. Although only one trial compared these treatments, the available evidence consistently supports that stents serve as a better and safer bridge therapy in refractory acute variceal bleeding.
Surgical Treatment of Posterior Communicating Artery Aneurysms: Hints and Precautions for Young Cerebrovascular Surgeons
Authors: Sturiale Carmelo , Marchese Enrico , Puca Alfredo , Olivi Alessandro , Albanese Alessio 
Published: March 2019

Background In spite of the advent of neurointerventional treatment, different clinical and anatomical features are still strong indications for clipping of posterior communicating artery (PComA) aneurysms. But the experience of young neurosurgeons is increasingly limited, and therefore providing technical operative guidelines is a fundamental prerequisite to achieve the best aneurysm exclusion and avoid perioperative complications.
Study Objective We describe a technical algorithm we use to teach young neurosurgeons how to approach carotid aneurysms that may help them develop a procedural memory and thus perform an efficient and safe surgery.
Material and Methods We reviewed our last 10 years of institutional experience of > 150 cases of clipping ruptured and unruptured PComA aneurysms, analyzing our technical refinements and the difficulties in teaching residents and young neurosurgeons how to establish fundamental key points and design a didactic algorithm that includes operative instructions and safety rules.
Results We recognized seven pragmatic technical key points regarding craniotomy, cisternostomy, proximal and distal control, aneurysm neck dissection, preservation of neurovascular structures, and clipping to use in a didactic algorithm for teaching residents and as operative instructions for inexperienced neurosurgeons.
Conclusion In the setting of clipping PComA aneurysms, respect for surgical rules is of paramount importance to perform an efficacious and safe procedure and ensure the best aneurysm exclusion and preservation of neurovascular structures.
Evaluation of Immunological Parameters in Pregnant Women: Low Levels of B and NK Cells
Authors: de Carvalho Schettini Juliana Araújo , Gomes Thomás Virgílio , Júnior Claudeir Dias da Silva , Heráclio Sandra de Andrade , Coelho Isabela Cristina Coutinho de Albuquerque Neiva , Torres Leuridan Cavalcante 
Published: March 2019

Objective To describe the immunological and hematological reference intervals of low-risk pregnant women.Methods A cross-sectional retrospective database analysis of a basic and translational study analyzing the hematological evaluation blood counts and immunophenotyping of TCD3 + , TCD4 + , TCD8 + , B, and natural killer (NK) cells of the peripheral blood in 79 low-risk pregnant women and of 30 control women from the state of Pernambuco, Brazil, was performed.Results No significant differences were detected between the hematological profiles of the 2nd and 3rd trimesters. Nevertheless, the median level of B cells decreased significantly in the 2nd (174 × 103 µL; p < 0.002) and 3rd trimesters (160 × 103 µL; p < 0.001), compared with the control group (296 × 103 µL). Similarly, the median level of NK cells was lower in the 2nd (134 × 103 µL; p < 0.0004) and 3rd trimesters (100 × 103 µL, p < 0.0004), compared with the control group (183 × 103 µL). In contrast, relative TCD4+ and TCD8+ levels increased in the 2nd and 3rd trimesters compared with the controls (TCD4 + : 2nd trimester = 59%; p < 0.001; 3rd trimester = 57%; p < 0.01; control = 50%; and TCD8 + : 2nd trimester = 31%; p < 0.001; 3rd trimester = 36%; p < 0.01; control = 24%).Conclusion Low-risk pregnant women have ∼ 40% less B and NK cells in the peripheral blood, compared with non-pregnant women. These parameters may improve health assistance for mothers and contribute to define reference values for normal pregnancies.
Risk of Reinfection after Irrigation and Debridement of Acute Periprosthetic Joint Infection following TKA
Authors: Baker James F. , Dilworth Brian , Bhimani Samrath J. , Ong Kevin L. , Lau Edmund C. , Smith Langan S. , Malkani Arthur L. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to determine the risk factors associated with reinfection in patients treated with irrigation and debridement (I&D) with liner exchange for an acute (less than 3 months) prosthetic joint infection following the index primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Medicare claims database was queried to identify patients with periprosthetic joint infection within 3 months of their index TKA who underwent I&D with tibial polyethylene liner exchange. Exclusion criteria included age < 65 years and < 1 year of claims prior to TKA. A total of 341 patients met our criteria and were analyzed by age, sex, diabetes, obesity, Charlson comorbidity score, and time between TKA and I&D with liner exchange. Average time to I&D with liner exchange following primary TKA was 38.5 ± 21.3 days and multivariate analysis showed a significantly higher risk of reinfection within 1 year in patients > 85 years old (p < 0.001) and diabetes (p < 0.02). The risk of reinfection was lowest for patients treated with I&D with liner exchange within 14 days after TKA (p = 0.028). The incidence of reinfection was 223% greater if I&D with liner exchange was performed 2 to 4 weeks after primary TKA (p < 0.03), and 277% higher if performed > 6 weeks after index procedure compared with those performed within 2 weeks. Patients older than 85 years, diabetics, or treated with I&D with liner exchange > 14 days following the primary TKA had a significantly higher risk of reinfection within 1 year. Patients should be cautioned on the risk of reinfection prior to proceeding with I&D with liner exchange > 2 weeks following the index procedure.
Changes in Total Knee Arthroplasty Utilization since the Implementation of ACA: An Analysis of Patient–Hospital Demographics, Costs, and Charges
Authors: Gwam Chukwuweike U. , Mohamed Nequesha S. , Etcheson Jennifer I. , Dávila Castrodad Iciar M. , Mistry Jaydev B. , Recai Thea M. , Delanois Ronald E. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) formed the Center for Medicare and Medicaid Innovation Center which has implemented experimental reimbursement models targeted at high-demand procedures to improve care quality. However, the effect of health care reform on total knee arthroplasty (TKA) procedures has not been explored. This study explores patient–hospital level demographics, inpatient costs, and charges related to TKA procedures between 2009 and 2015. The National Inpatient Sample database was utilized to identify patients who received primary TKA between January 2009 and October 2015 (4,283,387 cases). Categorical, continuous, and ordinal data were analyzed using chi-square/Fisher's exact test, t-test/analysis of variance, or Kruskal–Wallis' test, respectively. There was an increase in proportion of TKA recipients belonging to minority groups and the lowest quartile of median income (p < 0.05). There was a 1.9% increase in recipients using Medicaid as a primary payor and volume shifts from urban nonteaching toward urban teaching hospitals. There was a reduction in mean length of stay and mean inpatient costs. There were increases in hospital charges, but reductions in rates of inpatient mortality, and other postoperative complications. TKA procedures remain the most common surgical procedure; therefore, our study assessed national trends to capture the effect of PPACA. We found an increasing proportion of TKA recipients belonging to minority and low-income groups, volume shifts to urban teaching hospitals, and lower costs of care. These findings may be useful in objectively critiquing the effects of PPACA on TKA-related care.
Interaction effects between consumer information and firms' decision rules in a duopoly: how cognitive features can impact market dynamics
Authors: Nioche Aurélien , Garcia Basile , Boraud Thomas , Rougier Nicolas , Bourgeois-Gironde Sacha 
Published: March 2019

AbstractDuopolies are situations where two independent sellers compete for capturing market share. Such duopolies exist in the world economy (e.g., Boeing/Airbus, Samsung/Apple, Visa/MasterCard) and have been studied extensively in the literature using theoretical models. Among these models, the spatial model of Hotelling (1929) is certainly the most prolific and has generated subsequent literature, each work introducing some variation leading to different conclusions. However, most models assume consumers have unlimited access to information (perfect information hypothesis) and to be rational. Here, we consider a situation where consumers have limited access to information and explore how this factor influences the behavior of competing firms. We first characterized three decision-making processes followed by individual firms (maximizing one's profit, maximizing one's relative profit with respect to the competitor; or tacit collusion) using a simulated model, varying the level of information of consumers. These manipulations alternatively lead the firms to minimally or maximally differentiate their relative position. We then tested the model with human participants in the role of firms and characterized their behavior according to the model. Our results demonstrate that limited access to information by consumers can actually induce a mutually beneficial non-competitive behavior of firms, which is not traceable to explicit collusive strategies. Imperfect information on the part of consumers can hence be exploited by firms through basic and blind decision rules.
Targeting pericyte–endothelial cell crosstalk by circular RNA-cPWWP2A inhibition aggravates diabetes-induced microvascular dysfunction
Authors: Liu Chang , Ge Hui-Min , Liu Bai-Hui , Dong Rui , Shan Kun , Chen Xue , Yao Mu-Di , Li Xiu-Miao , Yao Jin , Zhou Rong-Mei , Zhang Shu-Jie , Jiang Qin , Zhao Chen , Yan Biao 
Published: March 2019

Significance
The crosstalk between vascular endothelial cells (ECs) and pericytes in the microvascular is critical for vascular homeostasis and remodeling. However, the crosstalk between these two cells is often disrupted by diabetes, resulting in severe and even lethal vascular defects. Here, we show that diabetes-related stress up-regulates cPWWP2A expression in pericytes but not in ECs. Pericyte-derived cPWWP2A affects pericyte coverage and vascular integrity through interacting with miR-579 and its target genes, including angiopoietin 1/occludin/SIRT1. Our study thus reveals a critical role of cPWWP2A-mediated signaling in retinal microvascular dysfunction and implies potential therapeutic benefit with high-level expression of cPWWP2A or reduced miR-579 expression.
Nitrous Oxide: What do we Know about its use Disorder Potential? Results of the French Monitoring Centre for Addiction Network Survey and Literature Review
Authors: Fidalgo Martin , Prud'homme Tony , Allio Adrien , Bronnec Marie , Bulteau Samuel , Jolliet Pascale , Victorri-Vigneau Caroline 
Published: March 2019

Background: Nitrous oxide (N2O) is used worldwide for analgesia and anesthesia. It is also used for recreational purposes by some people. N2O can have major side effects (myeloneuropathy, delusions, emphysema) when used to excess. In France, N2O is available as an equimolar mixture of oxygen and nitrous oxide (EMONO). Its substance use disorder potential is monitored by the French Monitoring Centre for Addiction (CEIP-A) network. Our objective is to provide an overview of the substance use disorder potential of N2O in general, and of EMONO in particular. Methods: This paper is based on a systematic review of the literature for case reports involving N2O use disorder and on CEIP-A network cases involving EMONO use disorder. We characterized use disorder in accordance with DSM-5 ( Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition) criteria. Furthermore, we considered data relating to medical history, age, gender, and N2O consumption habits. Results: We identified 59 cases of N2O use disorder in the literature and 17 cases of EMONO use disorder from the CEIP-A network. More than 90% of the cases used N2O in larger quantities and for longer than intended. Conversely, more negative as opposed to positive cases have been documented regarding tolerance and failed attempts to reduce usage. Conclusions: A specific profile of substance use disorder starts to emerge from all the cases studied here. Furthermore, we identified another way N2O use disorder can appear: through exposure for medical purposes.
Effect of exclosure on woody species diversity and population structure in comparison with adjacent open grazing land: the case of Jabi Tehnan district north western Ethiopia
Authors: Asmare Melkamu Terefe , Gure Abdella 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACT
Land rehabilitation by area exclosure was the fastest and moderate approach of recovering degraded sites. However, the effect of exclosure on woody species parameters in Jabitehnan district, north-western Ethiopia has not been investigated. Therefore, the current study was conducted (i) to assess and compare diversity, composition and density of woody species in exclosure and adjacent open lands, and (ii) to analyze population structure as well as regeneration status of woody species. A random sampling method was employed to select a total of 40 sample plots (50m*50m). A total of 8 parallel transect lines were used inside and outside the exclosure land in each site for consecutive (50m interval) plot establishment. Species diversity was 1.7 and 3.03 for WG, 1.1 and 2.94 for GW open and exclosures, respectively. Population structure of woody species in exclosures of both sites exhibited an inverted J shape which indicates good regeneration status, while in adjacent open grazing land it exhibited partial bell shape. Generally, exclosure provides various biophysical benefits better than adjacent open grazing lands. It is recommended to protect degraded lands by exclosure via integrating appropriate species and convert their diversity into use so as to develop their potential benefits on land restoration.
A Bioanalytical Method for Eliglustat Quantification in Rat Plasma
Authors: Reddy Venkata Krishna , Swamy Narayana , Rathod Rajeswari , Sengupta Pinaki 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
A simple and sensitive bioanalytical HPLC–UV method has been developed and validated for quantification of eliglustat in rat plasma. The liquid–liquid extraction method was found to be more efficient compared to protein precipitation technique. Chromatographic separation of eliglustat was achieved using Kromasil C18 column with a mobile phase consisting of a mixture of methanol and ammonium acetate (pH 3.2) in a ratio of 60:40. Detection wavelength was set at 282 nm. The developed method was specific, accurate, precise with good recovery and stability profile. The calibration curve constructed over a range of 0.3–10 μg/mL was linear (R2 > 0.997). Accuracy in intra and inter-day assay were found to be 96.27–107.35% and 96.80–106.57%, respectively. The corresponding precision (%CV) values were within 4.31–10.90% and 4.82–9.97%, respectively. Till date, no method is available for bioanalysis of eliglustat in any type of biological matrix. This is the first time to report a bioanalytical method for this molecule. The developed bioanalytical method was applied to quantitate eliglustat in the plasma samples of a single dose oral pharmacokinetic study in Sprague Dawley rat.
Focal scar and diffuse myocardial fibrosis are independent imaging markers in repaired tetralogy of Fallot
Authors: Cochet Hubert , Iriart Xavier , Allain-Nicolaï Antoine , Camaioni Claudia , Sridi Soumaya , Nivet Hubert , Fournier Emmanuelle , Dinet Marie-Lou , Jalal Zakaria , Laurent Francois , Montaudon Michel , Thambo Jean-Benoît 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Aims
To identify the correlates of focal scar and diffuse fibrosis in patients with history of tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) repair.

Methods and results
Consecutive patients with prior TOF repair underwent electrocardiogram, 24-h Holter, transthoracic echocardiography, exercise testing, and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) including cine imaging to assess ventricular volumes and ejection fraction, T1 mapping to assess left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) diffuse fibrosis, and free-breathing late gadolinium-enhanced imaging to quantify scar area at high spatial resolution. Structural imaging data were related to clinical characteristics and functional imaging markers. Cine and T1 mapping results were compared with 40 age- and sex-matched controls. One hundred and three patients were enrolled (age 28 ± 15 years, 36% women), including 36 with prior pulmonary valve replacement (PVR). Compared with controls, TOF showed lower LV ejection fraction (LVEF) and RV ejection fraction (RVEF), and higher RV volume, RV wall thickness, and native T1 and extracellular volume values on both ventricles. In TOF, scar area related to LVEF and RVEF, while LV and RV native T1 related to RV dilatation. On multivariable analysis, scar area and LV native T1 were independent correlates of ventricular arrhythmia, while RVEF was not. Patients with history of PVR showed larger scars on RV outflow tract but shorter LV and RV native T1.

Conclusion
Focal scar and biventricular diffuse fibrosis can be characterized on CMR after TOF repair. Scar size relates to systolic dysfunction, and diffuse fibrosis to RV dilatation. Both independently relate to ventricular arrhythmias. The finding of shorter T1 after PVR suggests that diffuse fibrosis may reverse with therapy.
Gender and Age of Migration Differences in Mortality Among Older Mexican Americans
Authors: Reyes Adriana M , Garcia Marc A 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Objectives
Using a gendered life course perspective, we examine whether the relationship between age of migration and mortality is moderated by gender among a cohort of older Mexican Americans.

Methods
Data from the Hispanic Established Populations for the Epidemiological Study of the Elderly and recently matched mortality data are used to estimate Cox proportional hazard models.

Results
Our findings indicate that the relationship between age of migration and mortality is moderated by gender, suggesting a more nuanced perspective of the immigrant mortality paradox. Among men, midlife migrants exhibit an 18% lower risk of mortality compared to their U.S.-born co-ethnics, possibly due to immigrant selectivity at the time of migration. Conversely, late-life migrant women exhibit a 17% lower risk of mortality relative to U.S.-born women, attributed in part to socio-cultural characteristics that influence lifestyle risk factors across the life course.

Discussion
Selection mechanisms and acculturation processes associated with the immigrant experience are contingent on both age and gender, suggesting the utility of an integrated life course approach to contextualize the mortality profiles of older immigrants. These findings demonstrate the heterogeneity among immigrants and highlight the need to understand gender differences in the migration process when assessing the immigrant mortality paradox.
Atlantic salmon return rate increases with smolt length
Authors: Gregory Stephen D , Ibbotson Anton T , Riley William D , Nevoux Marie , Lauridsen Rasmus B , Russell Ian C , Britton J Robert , Gillingham Phillipa K , Simmons Olivia M , Rivot Etienne 
Published: March 2019

AbstractRecent declines in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar populations are generally attributed to factors in their marine life-phase. However, it is postulated that factors affecting their freshwater life-phase might impact their marine survival, such as the influence of body size. While larger smolts are widely hypothesized to have higher marine survival rates, empirical support remains scant, in part due to inadequate data and ambiguous statistical analyses. Here, we test the influence of smolt body size on marine return rates, a proxy for marine survival, using a 12-year dataset of 3688 smolts tagged with passive integrated transponders in the River Frome, Southern England. State-space models describe the probability of smolts surviving their marine phase to return as 1 sea-winter (1SW) or multi-sea-winter adults as a function of their length, while accounting for imperfect detection and missing data. Models predicted that larger smolts had higher return rates; the most parsimonious model included the effect of length on 1SW return rate. This prediction is concerning, as freshwater juvenile salmon are decreasing in size on the River Frome, and elsewhere. Thus, to maximize adult returns, restoration efforts should focus on freshwater life-stages, and maximize both the number and the size of emigrating smolts.