bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
BZLF1 interacts with the chromatin remodeler INO80 promoting escape from latent infections with Epstein-Barr virus
Authors: Schaeffner Marisa , Mrozek-Gorska Paulina , Woellmer Anne , Tagawa Takanobu , Buschle Alexander , Krietenstein Nils , Lieleg Corinna , Korber Philipp , Hammerschmidt Wolfgang 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACTA hallmark of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infections is its latent phase, when all viral lytic genes are repressed. Repression results from a high nucleosome occupancy and epigenetic silencing by cellular factors such as the Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) and DNA methyltransferases that respectively introduce repressive histone marks and DNA methylation. The viral transcription factor BZLF1 acts as molecular switch to induce the transition from the latent to the lytic or productive phase of EBV’s life cycle. It is unknown how BZLF1 can bind to the epigenetically silenced viral DNA and whether it directly reactivates the viral genome through chromatin remodeling. We addressed these fundamental questions and found that BZLF1 binds to nucleosomal DNA motifs bothin vivoandin vitro, a property characteristic ofbona fidepioneer factors. BZLF1 co-precipitates with cellular chromatin remodeler ATPases, and the knock-down of one of them, INO80, impaired lytic reactivation and virus synthesis. We conclude that BZLF1 reactivates the EBV genome by directly binding to silenced chromatin and recruiting cellular chromatin remodeling enzymes, which implement a permissive state for viral transcription. BZLF1 shares this mode of action with a limited number of cellular pioneer factors, which are instrumental in transcriptional activation, differentiation, and reprogramming in all eukaryotic cells.
Amycomicin: a potent and specific antibiotic discovered with a targeted interaction screen
Authors: Pishchany Gleb , Mevers Emily , Ndousse-Fetter Sula , Horvath Dennis J. , R. Paludo Camila , Silva-Junior Eduardo A. , Koren Sergey , Skaar Eric P. , Clardy Jon , Kolter Roberto 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe rapid emergence of antibiotic-resistant pathogenic bacteria has accelerated the search for new antibiotics. Many clinically used antibacterials were discovered through culturing a single microbial species under nutrient-rich conditions, but in the environment, bacteria constantly encounter poor nutrient conditions and interact with neighboring microbial species. In an effort to recapitulate this environment we generated a nine-strain Actinomycete community and used 16S rDNA sequencing to deconvolute the stochastic production of antimicrobial activity that was not observed from any of the axenic cultures. We subsequently simplified the community to just two strains and identified Amycolatopsis sp. AA4 as the producing strain and Streptomyces coelicolor M145 as an inducing strain. Bioassay-guided isolation identified amycomicin, a highly modified fatty acid containing an epoxide isonitrile warhead as a potent and specific inhibitor of Staphylococcus aureus. Amycomicin targets an essential enzyme in fatty acid biosynthesis (FabH) and reduces S. aureus infection in a mouse skin infection model. The discovery of amycomicin demonstrates the utility of screening complex communities against specific targets to discover small-molecule antibiotics.SignificanceBacteria, especially actinomycetes, produce the majority of our clinically useful small-molecule antibiotics. Genomic analyses of antibiotic-producing strains indicate that earlier discovery efforts found only a fraction of the likely antibiotic candidates. In an effort to uncover these previously missed candidates we developed an approach that utilizes the ability of microbial communities to produce antibiotics that are not produced by any single member in isolation. Successful communities were established and deconvoluted to identify both producers and inducers of antibiotic activity. One inducer-producer pair made amycomicin, a potent and specific antibiotic against Staphylococcus aureus, an important human pathogen. Amycomicin targets fatty acid biosynthesis and exhibits in vivo efficacy against skin infections in a mouse model.
Nuclear decoupling is part of a rapid protein-level cellular response to high-intensity mechanical loading
Authors: Gilbert Hamish T.J. , Mallikarjun Venkatesh , Dobre Oana , Jackson Mark R. , Pedley Robert , Gilmore Andrew P. , Richardson Stephen M. , Swift Joe 
Published: May 2018

SummaryOur current understanding of cellular mechano-signalling is based on static models, which do not replicate the dynamics of living tissues. Here, we examined the time-dependent response of primary human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) to cyclic tensile strain (CTS). At low-intensity strain (1 hour, 4% CTS at 1 Hz) morphological changes mimicked responses to increased substrate stiffness. As the strain regime was intensified (frequency increased to 5 Hz), we characterised rapid establishment of a broad, structured and reversible protein-level response, even as transcription was apparently downregulated. Protein abundance was quantified coincident with changes to protein conformation and post transcriptional modification. Furthermore, we characterised changes within the linker of nucleo- and cytoskeleton (LINC) complex of proteins that bridges the nuclear envelope, and specifically to levels of SUN domain-containing protein 2 (SUN2). The result of this regulation was to decouple mechano-transmission between the cytoskeleton and the nucleus, thus conferring protection to chromatin.
Generating story problems via controlled parameters in a web-based intelligent tutoring system
Authors: Khodeir Nabila Ahmed , Elazhary Hanan , Wanas Nayer 
Published: May 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present an algorithm to generate story problems via controlled parameters in the domain of mathematics. The generation process is performed in the problem generation module in the context of an intelligent tutoring system suggested in this paper. Controlling the question parameters allows for adapting the generated questions according to the specific student needs. Story problems are selected since they are one of the most important types of problems in mathematics, as they help train students to apply their knowledge to real-world problems. Such problems target improving different student’s skills including literacy skills through reading the problem, recognizing the embedded mathematical information, and applying the required arithmetic operators.

Design/methodology/approach
Natural language generation (NLG) techniques are used to control the difficulty level of the generated story problem header in addition to effecting variations from the natural language point of view. The proposed NLG technique is based on different separated knowledge categories to provide flexibility in the generation process and allow porting the module to other contexts, domains, and to other natural languages without a complete redesign.

Findings
The approach has been empirically evaluated, and the results show that the generated problems are sound, clear, and naturally readable. This is in addition to the usability of the tutoring system itself.

Research limitations/implications
The generation technique is confined to the problem described using rhetorical schemas. Nevertheless, it can generate any problem provided that the rhetorical schema is available.

Originality/value
Most story problems generation systems limit the variation of the story problems to formulating the sentences that describe the story problem and the associated mathematical operations. In contrast, this paper presents a story problems generation technique that allows variations in the structure of the narrative story as well as the context, sentences, wordings, and mathematical operations. This variability allows assessing different student skills along different dimensions with gradually increasing difficulty levels.
Faculty mentoring faculty: career stages, relationship quality, and job satisfaction
Authors: Lunsford Laura , Baker Vicki , Pifer Meghan 
Published: May 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to understand faculty mentoring experiences across career stages and the influence of mentoring relationship quality on job satisfaction. The study participants were faculty members from a consortium of liberal arts colleges in the USA. The theoretical lens draws from scholarship on career stages, developmental networks, and working alliances.Design/methodology/approachThe analysis is based on a subset of 415 faculty member responses about mentoring from a larger data set on faculty development. The online survey was conducted in Spring 2014. Frequencies,χ2, regression equations, and confirmatory factor analysis were computed usingRstatistical software.FindingsOver half the faculty members were both mentors and protégés; although, a sizable minority of faculty members did not engage in mentoring. Early-career faculty members were significantly more likely to have a mentor than were mid- or late-career faculty members. For both mentors and protégés, the higher they rated the quality of the mentoring relationship, the more job satisfaction they reported; this finding was greatest for mid-career (associate rank) faculty members. Participants reported significantly higher relationship quality with their mentors than with their protégés.Research limitations/implicationsThe results may not generalize to faculty members who work at other institution types, for example, research-intensive or two-year schools, or to non-US higher education contexts. Statements made regarding those who do not participate in mentoring are speculative on the part of the authors.Practical implicationsInstitutions may need to develop support for faculty members who may not desire to engage in mentoring. More attention may be warranted to create individual and institutional supports focused on high-quality mentoring.Originality/valueThis study extends the literature on mentoring by establishing that many employees serve in mentor and protégé roles simultaneously. Further, employees engage in mentoring relationships across career stages as mentors and as protégés. The authors developed a reliable measure of mentoring relationship quality that may be used in future mentoring studies. Higher quality mentoring relationships were associated with significantly greater job satisfaction.
A framework for understanding managerial responses to supply chain complexity
Authors: Turner Neil , Aitken James , Bozarth Cecil 
Published: May 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the nature of supply chain complexity and extend this with literature developed within the project domain. The authors use the lens of ambidexterity (the ability both to exploit and explore) to analyse responses to complexity, since this enables the authors to understand the application of known solutions in conjunction with innovative ones to resolve difficulties. This research also seeks to investigate how managers respond to supply chain complexities that can either be operationally deleterious or strategically beneficial.Design/methodology/approachThe authors develop a descriptive framework based on the project management (PM) literature to understand response options to complexity, and then use interviews with supply chain managers in six organisations to examine the utility of this framework in practice. The authors ask the research question “How do managers in supply chains respond to complexities”?FindingsThe case study data show first that managers faced with structural, socio-political, or emergent supply chain complexities use a wide range of responses. Second, over a third of the instances of complexity coded were actually accommodated, rather than reduced, by the study firms, suggesting that adapting to supply chain complexity in certain instances may be strategically appropriate. Third, the lens of ambidexterity allows a more explicit assessment of whether existing PM solutions can be considered or if novel methods are required to address supply chain complexities.Practical implicationsThe descriptive framework can aid managers in conceptualising and addressing supply chain complexity. Through exploiting current knowledge, managers can lessen the impact of complexity while exploring other innovative approaches to solve new problems and challenges that evolve from complexity growth driven by business strategy.Originality/valueThis study addresses a gap in the literature through the development of a framework which provides a structure on ways to address supply chain complexity. The authors evaluate an existing project complexity concept and demonstrate that it is both applicable and valuable in non-project, ongoing operations. The authors then extend it using the lens of ambidexterity, and develop a framework that can support practitioners in analysing and addressing both strategically necessary supply complexities, together with unwanted, negative complexities within the organisation and across the supply chain.
Coordination in temporary organizations
Authors: Fernandes Aline , Spring Martin , Tarafdar Monideepa 
Published: May 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore intra-firm coordination in temporary organizations (TOs). Specifically, it identifies and explains how operational coordination evolves over time in a particular TO: the 2016 Olympic Games Organizing Committee.

Design/methodology/approach
This is an immersive case study based on qualitative analysis and longitudinal fieldwork, which allowed the observation of operational coordination in real time. The main sources of data are participant observation, semi-structured interviews, and internal documents of the TO.

Findings
The findings suggest that operational coordination in TOs dealing with multiple and decentralized operations takes place through the combination of both formal and informal coordination mechanisms. Further analysis indicates a contingency logic in using these mechanisms, shaped by the presence of specific coordination challenges in different phases of work. Three main aspects influencing coordination are explored. First, it is suggested that TOs are inherently “hybrid.” That is, they comprise enduring as well as temporary and centralized as well as decentralized elements. These elements change over time. Second, a formal transition phase is explored: “venueization” – a phase between planning and operation in which centralized structural elements and processes are translated to operational units. Third, since TOs present emergence and dynamism, and related challenges across various phases of work, coordination is arguably contingent on the phase of the project.

Research limitations/implications
Although the findings are limited to a particular empirical context, this paper offers theoretically new insights concerning the hybrid nature of processes in TOs, the contingent use of complementary coordination mechanisms, and the importance of the venueization phase, and provides a basis for future research into operational coordination in TOs.

Practical implications
The findings can help practitioners understand and identify the challenges embedded in temporary contexts and develop coordination strategies accordingly.

Originality/value
This study explains how operational coordination takes place in TOs enabled by formal and informal mechanisms, which are contingently combined over time through particular coordination strategies.
The growing permanence of pop-up outlets within the international location strategies of fashion retailers
Authors: Alexander Bethan , Nobbs Karinna , Varley Rosemary 
Published: May 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is threefold: first, to establish the role of the pop-up store within the international location strategy of fashion retailers, second, to identify the factors influencing pop-up store location choice and the importance retailers ascribe to it and third, to assess how pop-up locations are sourced and selected.

Design/methodology/approach
A multiple case study was adopted. Research was conducted using secondary data sources, observation and semi-structured interviews with senior executives with strategic responsibility for store/brand development internationally. Manual content analysis was conducted.

Findings
Key findings cover the role of Pop-up stores within international retail location strategy, notably features, forms and function, with the latter highlighting the importance of opportunistic market testing and trial, reduced risk, regeneration, ROI- and CRM-driven decisions; the factors impacting location choice and selection, specifically the trade-offs between reactive and proactive approaches and the importance of networks and intuition, and future pop-up directions.

Research limitations/implications
Due to the chosen research approach, the results may lack generalization outside of the given sector and marketplaces. Several avenues for future research are elucidated including exploration of pop-up transformations including pop-up rebrand, technology enabled, experiential and third place.

Originality/value
The study contributes to the nascent field of research by providing new insight into the role of pop-ups within international location strategy, the factors influencing location choice and selection and offers a pop-up location taxonomy.
How leader networking, external monitoring, and representing are relevant for effective leadership
Authors: Hassan Shahidul , Prussia Gregory , Mahsud Rubina , Yukl Gary 
Published: May 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to assess the individual and joint influence of three distinct external leadership behaviors (i.e. networking, representing, and external monitoring) on workgroup performance and managerial effectiveness.Design/methodology/approachData were gathered by surveying subordinates of 233 managers in various types of organizations.FindingsThe results of multiple regression analyses indicated that external monitoring and representing were positively related to subordinate perceptions of workgroup performance and managerial effectiveness. The effects of networking depended on a leader’s use of the other two external behaviors.Originality/valueUnderstanding why a leader is effective in a particular context requires examining joint effects and different patterns of external behavior (Yukl, 2012). Past research on external leader behavior only examined one of the specific behaviors or examined a broadly defined behavior that included more than one of the three specific behaviors. The study provides new insight into the independent and joint effects of the three external leadership behaviors on managerial effectiveness and workgroup performance.
Contaminating microorganisms in quark‐type cheese and their capability of biogenic amine production
Authors: Pachlová Vendula , Buňková Leona , Purkrtová Sabina , Němečková Irena , Havlíková Šárka , Purevdorj Khatantuul , Buňka František 
Published: May 2018

The aim of this study was to characterise the contaminating microorganisms during individual stages of manufacture of quark‐type cheese and also describe their capability of biogenic amine production. We isolated and identified 118 contaminating microorganisms for which the production of biogenic amines has been established. Over half of the isolates were capable of significantly producing at least one biogenic amine and, in some cases, multiple amines (content values for a particular biogenic amine exceeding 200 mg/L of broth). The strongest production ability of the isolated microorganisms was for putrescine and tyramine.
The Impact of Dementia Special Care Units on Quality of Care: An Instrumental Variables Analysis
Authors: Joyce Nina R. , McGuire Thomas G. , Bartels Stephen J. , Mitchell Susan L. , Grabowski David C. 
Published: May 2018

ObjectiveTo compare the quality of care following admission to a nursing home (NH) with and without a dementia special care unit (SCU) for residents with dementia.Data Sources/Study SettingNational resident‐level minimum dataset assessments (MDS) 2005–2010 merged with Medicare claims and provider‐level data from the Online Survey, Certification, and Reporting database.Study DesignWe employ an instrumental variable approach to address the endogeneity of selection into an SCU facility controlling for a range of individual‐level covariates. We use “differential distance” to a nursing home with and without an SCU as our instrument.Data Collection/Extraction MethodsMinimum dataset assessments performed at NH admission and every quarter thereafter.Principal FindingsAdmission to a facility with an SCU led to a reduction in inappropriate antipsychotics (−9.7 percent), physical restraints (−9.6 percent), pressure ulcers (−3.3 percent), feeding tubes (−8.3 percent), and hospitalizations (−14.7 percent). We found no impact on the use of indwelling urinary catheters. Results held in sensitivity analyses that accounted for the share of SCU beds and the facilities' overall quality.ConclusionsFacilities with an SCU provide better quality of care as measured by several validated quality indicators. Given the aging population, policies to promote the expansion and use of dementia SCUs may be warranted.
Association between H3K4 methylation and cancer prognosis: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Li Simin , Shen Luyan , Chen Ke‐Neng 
Published: May 2018

BackgroundHistone H3 lysine 4 methylation (H3K4 methylation), including mono‐methylation (H3K4me1), di‐methylation (H3K4me2), or tri‐methylation (H3K4me3), is one of the epigenetic modifications to histone proteins, which are related to the transcriptional activation of genes. H3K4 methylation has both tumor inhibiting and promoting effects, and the prognostic value of H3K4 methylation in cancer remains controversial. Therefore, we performed a systematic review and meta‐analysis to examine the association between H3K4 methylation and cancer prognosis.MethodsA comprehensive search of PubMed, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Embase, and Ovid databases was conducted to identify studies investigating the association between H3K4 methylation and prognosis of patients with malignant tumors. The data and characteristics of each study were extracted, and the hazard ratio (HR) at a 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated to estimate the effect.ResultsA total of 1474 patients in 10 studies were enrolled in this meta‐analysis. The pooled HR of 1.52 (95% CI 1.02–2.26) indicated that patients with a lower level of H3K4me2 expression were expected to have shorter overall survival, while the pooled HR of 0.45 (95% CI 0.27–0.74) indicated that patients with a lower level of H3K4me3 expression were expected to have longer overall survival.ConclusionThis meta‐analysis indicates that increased H3K4me3 expression and decreased H3K4me2 expression might be predictive factors of poor prognosis in cancer. Further large cohort studies are needed to confirm these findings.