bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trans‐3,5,4´‐trimethoxystilbene reduced gefitinib resistance in NSCLCs via suppressing MAPK/Akt/Bcl‐2 pathway by upregulation of miR‐345 and miR‐498
Authors: Lu Min , Liu Bin , Xiong Hui , Wu Fang , Hu Chunhong , Liu Ping 
Published: January 2019

AbstractDespite initial dramatic efficacy of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR‐TKIs) in EGFR‐mutant lung cancer patients, subsequent emergence of acquired resistance is almost inevitable. Resveratrol and its derivatives have been found to exert some effects on EGFR‐TKI resistance in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We screened several NSCLC cell lines with gefitinib resistance by MTT assay and analysed the miR‐345/miR‐498 expression levels. NSCLC cells were pre‐treated with a resveratrol derivative, trans‐3,5,4‐trimethoxystilbene (TMS) and subsequently challenged with gefitinib treatment. The changes in apoptosis and miR‐345/miR‐498 expression were analysed by flow cytometry and q‐PCR respectively. The functions of miR‐345/miR‐498 were verified by CCK‐8 assay, cell cycle analysis, dual‐luciferase reporter gene assay and immunoblotting analysis. Our results showed that the expression of miR‐345 and miR‐498 significantly decreased in gefitinib resistant NSCLC cells. TMS pre‐treatment significantly upregulated the expression of miR‐345 and miR‐498 increasing the sensitivity of NSCLC cells to gefitinib and inducing apoptosis. MiR‐345 and miR‐498 were verified to inhibit proliferation by cell cycle arrest and regulate the MAPK/c‐Fos and AKT/Bcl‐2 signalling pathways by directly targeting MAPK1 and PIK3R1 respectively. The combination of TMS and gefitinib promoted apoptosis also by miR‐345 and miR‐498 targeting the MAPK/c‐Fos and AKT/Bcl‐2 signalling pathways. Our study demonstrated that TMS reduced gefitinib resistance in NSCLCs via suppression of the MAPK/Akt/Bcl‐2 pathway by upregulation of miR‐345/498. These findings would lay the theoretical basis for the future study of TMS for the treatment of EGFR‐TKI resistance in NSCLCs.
FBXL10 regulates cardiac dysfunction in diabetic cardiomyopathy via the PKC β2 pathway
Authors: Yin Leilei , Fang Yingying , Song Tao , Lv Dan , Wang Zheng , Zhu Li , Zhao Zihui , Yin Xinhua 
Published: January 2019

AbstractDiabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a condition associated with significant structural changes including cardiac tissue necrosis, localized fibrosis, and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. This study sought to assess whether and how FBXL10 can attenuate DCM using a rat streptozotocin (STZ)‐induced DCM model system. In the current study, we found that FBXL10 expression was significantly decreased in diabetic rat hearts. FBXL10 protected cells from high glucose (HG)‐induced inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in vitro. In addition, FBXL10 significantly activated PKC β2 signaling pathway in H9c2 cells and rat model. The cardiomyocyte‐specific overexpression of FBXL10 at 12 weeks after the initial STZ administration attenuated oxidative stress and inflammation, thereby reducing cardiomyocyte death and preserving cardiac function in these animals. Moreover, FBXL10 protected against DCM via activation of the PKC β2 pathway. In conclusion, FBXL has the therapeutic potential for the treatment of DCM.
Differential responses to increasing numbers of mild traumatic brain injury in a rodent closed‐head injury model
Authors: Fehily Brooke , Bartlett Carole A. , Lydiard Stephen , Archer Michael , Milbourn Hannah , Majimbi Maimuna , Hemmi Jan M. , Dunlop Sarah A. , Yates Nathanael J. , Fitzgerald Melinda 
Published: January 2019

AbstractFollowing mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), further mild impacts can exacerbate negative outcomes. To compare chronic damage and deficits following increasing numbers of repeated mTBIs, a closed‐head weight‐drop model of repeated mTBI was used to deliver 1, 2 or 3 mTBIs to adult female rats at 24 h intervals. Outcomes were assessed at 3 months following the first mTBI. No gross motor, sensory or reflex deficits were identified (p > 0.05), consistent with current literature. Cognitive function assessed using a Morris water maze revealed chronic memory deficits following 1 and 2, but not 3 mTBI compared to shams (p ≤ 0.05). Oxidative damage to DNA was assessed immunohistochemically in the dentate hilus of the hippocampus and splenium of the corpus callosum; no changes were observed. IBA1‐positive microglia were increased in size in the cortex following 1 mTBI and in the corpus callosum following 2 mTBI compared to shams (p ≤ 0.05); no changes were observed in the dentate hilus. Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)‐positive astrocyte immunoreactivity was assessed in all three brain regions and no chronic changes were observed. Integrity of myelin ultrastructure in the corpus callosum was assessed using transmission electron microscopy. G ratio was decreased following 2 mTBIs compared to shams (p ≤ 0.05) at post hoc level only. The changing patterns of damage and deficits following increasing numbers of mTBI may reflect dynamic responses to small numbers of mTBIs or a conditioning effect such that increasing numbers of mTBIs do not necessarily result in worsening pathology.Open science badgesThis article has received a badge for *Open Materials* because it provided all relevant information to reproduce the study in the manuscript. The complete Open Science Disclosure form for this article can be found at the end of the article. More information about the Open Practices badges can be found at https://cos.io/our-services/open-science-badges/.
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Cover Image for this issue: doi: 10.1111/jnc.14508.
Paper and the poor: Romantic media ecologies and the Bank Restriction Act of 1797
Authors: Brylowe Thora 
Published: January 2019

AbstractRag paper is a common denominator for many Romantic‐era medial forms. The term “media ecology” has become increasingly accepted in media theory, and its spatial and ecological affinities connect it to the urgent topic of climate change. Media ecology invites book historians to consider the labor as well as the origins of the materials that underwrite our culture. This consideration of paper recasts the literary archive as an accretion of physical as well as intellectual labor. The physical labor necessary for the making of rag paper included increasingly industrialized agricultural work and textile production, as well as rag collecting and sorting, as many period authors were aware. At the inception of the Bank Restriction Period (1797–1821), the introduction of low‐denomination paper banknotes changed the London media ecology in ways that had a devastating effect on the English poor, including the very orders of agricultural and textiles workers, rag collectors, and papermill rag‐room women who had a hand in paper making. The Bank of England investigated and prosecuted hundreds, resulting in poverty, transportation, imprisonment, and executions. Paper notes and their forgeries invited considerations of other forms of cultural value and circulation, including literary authorship, and the article ends with the Bank of England's current celebration of Jane Austen as a literary icon by including her portrait on the polymer £10 note.
How to tell them apart? Discriminating tropical blackfish species using fin and body measurements from photographs taken at sea
Authors: Yahn Shelby N. , Baird Robin W. , Mahaffy Sabre D. , Webster Daniel L. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe misidentification of species and populations is a hindrance to effective cetacean management. We devised a method of species identification using 10 fin and body measurements obtainable from at‐sea photographs, and demonstrated its ability to distinguish four species of Hawaiian “blackfish”: pygmy killer, melon‐headed, short‐finned pilot, and false killer whales. Measurements from photos of 382 known individuals were converted into 14 ratios and reduced using nonmetric multidimensional scaling and principal component analysis. The first three components of the PCA explained 81% of variance among species. Ratios indicated by PCA and NMDS were tested using analysis of variance, and results identified three fin ratios that had distinct means across all four species: height/base, depth (from anterior insertion) at trailing edge apex/depth at topmost point, and width (from leading edge) at posterior point/base. Dual analysis of adults and all age classes showed near‐identical sources of variance, 90% similarity in interspecies ratio relationships, and overlapping ratio means and ranges. Results suggest similar ontogenetic growth across these four species, and confirm the efficacy of this discrimination technique for all age classes. This study established a reliable means of distinguishing these cetacean species, which will improve the efficacy of management in areas with sympatric distributions.
A comparison of image and observer based aerial surveys of narwhal
Authors: Bröker Koen C. A. , Hansen Rikke G. , Leonard Kathleen E. , Koski William R. , Heide‐Jørgensen Mads Peter 
Published: January 2019

AbstractFrom 25 to 30 August 2014 a double‐observer line‐transect survey was conducted over Melville Bay, home to one of two summering populations of narwhal (Monodon monoceros) off West Greenland. A total of 1,932 linear kilometers was surveyed along 33 transects. In addition to using observers, the aircraft was equipped with two oblique cameras to capture a comparable data set. Analysts reviewed the images for narwhal sightings, which were then matched to the observer sightings. The objectives of the study were to determine advantages and disadvantages of the detection capabilities of both methodologies, and to conduct a comparative analysis of population abundance estimates. Correcting for the truncated detection distance of the images (500 m), the image analysts recorded more sightings (62) and a lower mean group size (2.2) compared to aerial observers (36 and 3.5, respectively), resulting in comparable numbers of individuals detected by both platforms (135vs. 126). The abundance estimate based on the image sightings was 2,536 (CV = 0.51, 95% CI: 1,003–6,406), which was not significantly different from the aerial observers estimate of 2,596 individuals (CV = 0.51; 95% CI: 961–7,008). This study supports the potential of using UAS for marine mammal abundance studies.
Critically ill patients' experiences of nursing care in the intensive care unit
Authors: Kisorio Leah C , Langley Gayle C 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACTBackgroundUnderstanding critically ill patients' experiences of nursing care is an important aspect that can improve quality of care in the intensive care unit.AimTo elicit critically ill patients' experiences of nursing care in the adult intensive care units.DesignA qualitative descriptive design was utilized.MethodsSixteen patients who had a predicted mortality risk of above 50% within the first 24 h of admission to the intensive care unit and had been discharged to the ward were purposively selected. The study was conducted at three academic affiliated, tertiary/quaternary specialist hospitals in South Africa. Individual semi‐structured interviews were conducted with the selected participants until a point of data saturation was reached. Data were analysed using a conventional content analysis technique (Hsieh and Shannon, 2005). Lincoln and Guba's criteria for ensuring the trustworthiness of qualitative research were applied.FindingsFour major themes emerged: ‘being in someone's shoes', ‘communication’, ‘presence’ and ‘religion and spirituality’.ConclusionsEven though some participants' responses reflected ‘good’ nursing care, the majority of the participants had negative experiences in relation to the nursing care they received while admitted in the selected intensive care units.Relevance to clinical practiceThis study demonstrates critically ill patients' voices and preferences of intensive nursing care and describes some issues that require not only nurses' but also managerial improvements and interventions in order to ensure quality care and, eventually, patients' satisfaction with intensive nursing care.
Dysregulation of solute carrier transporters in malaria‐infected pregnant mice
Authors: Najjar Najwa , McColl Eliza R. , Weckman Andrea , Kain Kevin C. , Piquette‐Miller Micheline 
Published: January 2019

SummaryAimsMalaria in pregnancy (MiP) alters the expression of ATP‐binding cassette efflux transporters in maternal and foetal tissues, as well as the placenta. Malaria induces oxidative stress, and pregnancy is associated with arginine deficiency. We hypothesized that reducing oxidative stress during MiP by supplementation with L‐arginine, aNOprecursor, would attenuate transcriptional changes in a second superfamily of transporters, solute carrier (SLC) transporters, and improve pregnancy outcomes.Methods and ResultsPregnantBALB/c mice receiving L‐arginine (1.2%) in water, or water alone, were infected withPlasmodium bergheiANKAon gestational day 13 and sacrificed on gestational day 19. Compared to controls, themRNAof numerousSLCtransporters was downregulated in maternal and foetal tissues, as well as in the placentas of infected mice. While supplementation with L‐arginine did improve foetal viability, it did not improve themRNAexpression of oxidative stress markers, transporters nor other indices of foetal and maternal health. Moreover, amino acid uptake transporters were downregulated upon infection, which could potentially contribute to decreased foetal birthweight.ConclusionsMalaria in pregnancy significantly alters the expression ofSLCtransporters in maternal and foetal tissues as well as the placenta, regardless of L‐arginine supplementation. Further studies to investigate methods of reducing oxidative stress in MiP are warranted.
Interoceptive accuracy predicts nonplanning trait impulsivity
Authors: Herman Aleksandra M. , Rae Charlotte L. , Critchley Hugo D. , Duka Theodora 
Published: January 2019

AbstractInfluential theories concerning personality argue that many impulsive individuals show physiological underarousal at rest. This interoceptive state is proposed to be egodystonic, motivating impulsive maladaptive actions to enhance arousal. However, there is little empirical research on this matter. The current study tested the relationship between physiological markers of arousal, measures of interoceptive (in)sensitivity, and trait impulsivity in a nonclinical sample of young adults. Experiment 1 investigated whether individuals (N = 31) with high trait impulsivity show decreased resting measures of arousal (indexed from heart rate, heart rate variability, and sympathetic electrodermal activity). Experiment 2 assessed whether trait impulsivity is linked to interoceptive abilities (N = 60). Overall, our results do not provide any compelling support for the underarousal theory of impulsivity. However, impaired interoceptive (cardiac discrimination) accuracy predicted the degree of Barratt nonplanning impulsivity, such that individuals with a better ability to distinguish between internal (bodily) and external signals manifest lower levels of nonplanning trait impulsivity. These findings open an avenue for potential novel interventions aimed at improving planning abilities via better interoceptive discrimination.
Modifiable risk factors for community‐acquired pneumonia in children under 5 years of age in resource‐poor settings: a case–control study
Authors: Ngocho James Samwel , de Jonge Marien Isaäk , Minja Linda , Olomi Gaudencia Alois , Mahande Michael Johnson , Msuya Sia Emmanueli , Mmbaga Blandina Theophile 
Published: January 2019

AbstractObjectiveDespite the availability of vaccines and antibiotics, pneumonia remains the leading cause of mortality among children under 5 years of age. The objective of this study was to identify modifiable risk factors for community‐acquired pneumonia (CAP) in children under 5 years of age in a vaccinated population.MethodsA case–control study was conducted between January and December 2017. The cases included children aged 2–59 months with X‐ray‐confirmed pneumonia, whereas the controls were children from the community with no history of respiratory infection. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to determine the modifiable risk factors forCAP.ResultsA total of 113 children with X‐ray‐confirmed pneumonia and 350 healthy children were enrolled in this study. The median ages for the cases and controls were 13.7 (IQR = 7.2–25.3) and 13.4 (IQR = 6.0–24.8) months respectively. One (0.9%) child died after the enrolment. The independent predictors ofCAPincluded a lack of exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months (aOR = 1.7, 95%CI = 1.0–2.9), underweight (aOR = 2.1, 95%CI = 1.0–4.5), unclean cooking fuel (aOR = 1.8, 95%CI = 1.0–3.3) and low income (aOR = 2.9, 95%CI = 1.6–5.4). No association was found between vaccination status and CAP.ConclusionIn addition to a lack of exclusive breastfeeding, children from families of low‐economic status were at risk of contractingCAP. Since the risk factors are complex, the study results call for more concerted efforts by and collaboration among the health, agriculture and development sectors to address mortality caused byCAP.
Effects of aid for trade on extensive and intensive margins of greenfield FDI
Authors: Ly‐My Dung , Lee Hyun‐Hoon 
Published: January 2019

AbstractUsing a panel dataset of 105 developing countries for the period 2003–15, this paper assesses the effects of Aid for Trade (AfT) on greenfield FDI flows to the aid‐recipient countries. Particularly, this paper classifies the total dollar value of greenfield FDI flows to each recipient country in terms of four different layers: the extensive and intensive margins of projects as well as the extensive and intensive margins of source countries. Applying the system GMM estimator, this paper finds that AfT not only increases the dollar value of FDI flows to the recipient countries but also helps diversify the greenfield projects and source countries. In addition, this paper finds that AfT has a greater effect for greenfield FDI from donor (developed) countries than from non‐donor (developing) countries. Among the three components of AfT, aid for trade‐related infrastructure and aid for trade policy regulations are found to have positive links with greenfield FDI, irrespective of source‐country groups, yet their effects are larger for developed source countries. In contrast, aid for building productive capacity hinders greenfield FDI flows from non‐donor countries, while it promotes greenfield FDI from donor countries. We offer some explanations for this finding.
The effects of environmental antidepressants on macroinvertebrates: a mini review
Authors: Shaliutina‐Kolešová Anna , Shaliutina Olena , Nian Rui 
Published: January 2019

AbstractPharmaceuticals and personal care products constitute one of the most common groups of contaminants in surface waters, and little is known about their impact on aquatic wildlife. The antidepressant fluoxetine is among more prevalent categories of pharmaceuticals detected in the aquatic environment. Typical surface water concentrations are in a wide range that can lead to alterations in life of aquatic macroinvertebrates. Because the mode of fluoxetine action is thought to be by modulation of the neurotransmitter serotonin, macroinvertebrates that possess relevant transporters and receptors sensitive are potentially affected by this pharmaceutical. Available information of how this emerging contaminant may affect macroinvertebrate communities is limited. This review describes the influence of pharmaceuticals on aquatic fauna in general and reports the environmental concentrations of some widely used antidepressants. Additionally, we highlighted the effects of fluoxetine as an antidepressant of concern, because of its abundance and potential for toxicity to aquatic macroinvertebrates.
Distributed Observer Type Protocol for Flocking of Linear Second-Order Multi-Agent Systems Subject to External Disturbance
Authors: Yazdani Sahar , Haeri Mohammad 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
This paper studies the leader–follower flocking of multi-agent systems for the linear second-order dynamics, subject to the external disturbance problem. It is assumed that the dynamic of the leader is Lipschitz-type. Also, the velocity is the output of the system, and full-state information is not available for feedback. A distributed full-order observer is employed to estimate every agent's states and external disturbance. A control protocol for each agent is designed based on the measurement of its output/velocity and relative velocity of its neighbors. Under the proposed protocol, the velocity convergence of whole agents to the velocity of the virtual leader is guaranteed as well as the connectivity of network and collision avoidance among agents are ensured. Finally, a simulation example is provided to show the effectiveness of the results.
Implementing Anaerobic Speed Reserve Testing in the Field: Validation of vVO2max Prediction From 1500-m Race Performance in Elite Middle-Distance Runners
Authors: Sandford Gareth N. , Rogers Simon A. , Sharma Avish P. , Kilding Andrew E. , Ross Angus , Laursen Paul B. 
Published: January 2019

Purpose: Anaerobic speed reserve (ASR), defined as the speed range from velocity associated with maximal oxygen uptake (vVO2max) to maximal sprint speed, has recently been shown to be an important tool for middle-distance coaches to meet event surge demands and inform on the complexity of athlete profiles. To enable field application of ASR, the relationship between gun-to-tape 1500-m average speed (1500v) and the vVO2max for the determination of lower landmark of the ASR was assessed in elite middle-distance runners. Methods: A total of 8 national and 4 international middle-distance runners completed a laboratory-measured vVO2max assessment within 6 wk of a nonchampionship 1500-m gun-to-tape race. ASR was calculated using both laboratory-derived vVO2max (ASR-LAB) and 1500v (ASR-1500v), with maximal sprint speed measured using radar technology. Results: 1500v was on average +2.06 ± 1.03 km/h faster than vVO2max (moderate effect, very likely). ASR-LAB and ASR-1500v mean differences were −2.1 ± 1.5 km/h (large effect, very likely). 1500v showed an extremely large relationship with vVO2max, r = .90 ± .12 (most likely). Using this relationship, a linear-regression vVO2max-estimation equation was derived as vVO2max (km/h) = (1500v [km/h] − 14.921)/0.4266. Conclusions: A moderate difference was evident between 1500v and vVO2max in elite middle-distance runners. The present regression equation should be applied for an accurate field prediction of vVO2max from 1500-m gun-to-tape races. These findings have strong practical implications for coaches lacking access to a sports physiology laboratory who seek to monitor and profile middle-distance runners.