bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aims and challenges of handicraft and home economics education in Estonia
Authors: Paas Kristi , Palojoki Päivi 
Published: January 2019

AbstractHandicraft and home economics (HHE) are two school subjects taught as one subject by one teacher in Estonian comprehensive schools. The current article describes the development of the subject through certain historic periods that have affected the nature and teaching of the subject. The aim of this article is to determine HHE teachers’ understandings of the subject's aims and challenges. Two focus group interviews with nine HHE teachers in two geographically located places in Estonia were conducted. Transcriptions were analysed qualitatively with the ATLAS.ti program. Inductive thematic analysis revealed three main themes: the aims of the subjects, the teaching process and the learning environment. The last two themes are the main challenges in teachers’ everyday practice. Outcomes characterizing the subjects’ aims reveal teachers’ concerns about students’ knowledge and skills needed in the future, for example, how to manage their everyday life. Emerged challenges are related to organizational, economic and social aspects, for example, the mandatory exchange of study groups, divergent conditions and students’ poor handicraft skills. The main idea to work on is the promoting of the importance of the subject and separation of the handicraft and home economics lessons.
A low frequency lead‐free piezoelectric energy harvester with high‐power density
Authors: Yan Xiaodong , Zheng Mupeng , Zhu Mankang , Hou Yudong 
Published: January 2019

AbstractPiezoelectric energy harvesting is an attractive technology for recycling energy from ambient vibrations. Many big challenges still limit applications for the piezoelectric energy harvester, including its low‐power density and high operating frequency. Although many studies have been done on this topic, discussion continues. In this work, a modified piezoelectric cantilever energy harvester (PCEH) fabricated with (Ba0.85Ca0.15)(Ti0.9Zr0.1)O3 ceramic was developed with a low operating frequency (20‐40 Hz) and a high‐power density (1.5‐2.0 μW/mm3). This ceramic presents a novel rhombohedral‐orthorhombic‐tetragonal multiphase coexistence, which is the origination of the enhanced piezoelectric response. A simple method is provided through optimizing the number of proof masses, which can be used to regulate the operating frequency of piezoelectric energy harvester. This discovery will be helpful in developing new piezoelectric energy harvesters with high‐power density and low operating frequency.
The mechanism of ATF3 repression of epithelial‐mesenchymal transition and suppression of cell viability in cholangiocarcinoma via p53 signal pathway
Authors: You Zhen , Xu Jingchang , Li Bei , Ye Hui , Chen Liping , Liu Yang , Xiong Xianze 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe aim of this research was to determine the underlying mechanism of activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) on cell proliferation, invasion, migration and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT). The differentially expressed mRNAs in cholangiocarcinoma (CC) and its adjacent tissues were screened by microarray analysis, and the expression of ATF3 was detected through Quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) and Western blot. The expression of EMT markers and p53‐related proteins was analysed by Western blot. Analyses using the Cell Counting Kit‐8 and TUNEL were performed to assess the rate of apoptosis and cell proliferation. Scratch wound and transwell assays were performed to study cell migration and invasion. Activating transcription factor 3 was restrained in CC cell lines and tissues and inhibited EMT while activating the p53 signalling pathway. Knockdown of ATF3 promoted cell proliferation but reduced the rate of apoptosis by inhibiting p53 signalling. Cell migration and invasion can be strengthened by ATF3 through activating the p53 signalling pathway.
Sunshine is an Important Determinant of Vitamin D Status Even Among High‐dose Supplement Users: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial in Crohn's Disease Patients
Authors: O'Sullivan Fiona , Raftery Tara , van Weele Michiel , van Geffen Jos , McNamara Deirdre , O'Morain Colm , Mahmud Nasir , Kelly Dervla , Healy Martin , O'Sullivan Maria , Zgaga Lina 
Published: January 2019

AbstractSunshine is considered to be the most important source of vitamin D. Due to an increased risk of skin cancer, sun avoidance is advised, but this directly contributes to the high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency. The simple solution is to advise vitamin D supplementation. The aim of this study was to examine the absolute and relative contribution of sunshine and supplementation to vitamin status. This study was a secondary analysis of an RCT of 92 Crohn's disease patients in remission (49% female, median age = 44). Participants were randomized to 2000 IU day−1 of vitamin D3 or placebo for 1 year, with 25‐hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) being measured at baseline and every 4 months. Based on participant's place of residence, daily ambient UVB dose at wavelengths that can induce vitamin D synthesis (D‐UVB) was obtained. Cumulative and weighted ambient D‐UVB (cw‐D‐UVB) exposure prior to each blood draw was calculated for each participant. Linear regression analysis and multilevel modeling were used to examine the association between UVB exposure, supplementation and 25(OH)D concentration. There was considerable annual variation in D‐UVB, cw‐D‐UVB and 25(OH)D. Both supplementation and cw‐D‐UVB were found to be strongly associated with 25(OH)D: in multilevel model, an increase of approximately 6 nmol L−1 for every 100 kJ m−2 in cw‐D‐UVB was found, among those receiving placebo and supplementation (P < 0.0001). Treatment was associated with increase of 23 nmol L−1 (P < 0.0001). Sunshine is an important determinant of 25(OH)D concentration, even in those who are taking high‐dose vitamin D supplements and reside at a higher mid‐latitude location.
Efficacy and safety of 308‐nm excimer lamp in the treatment of scalp psoriasis: a retrospective study
Authors: Rattanakaemakorn Ploysyne , Phusuphitchayanan Phanitchanat , Pakornphadungsit Kallapan , Thadanipon Kunlawat , Suchonwanit Poonkiat 
Published: January 2019

SummaryBackgroundScalp psoriasis is a major therapeutic challenge due to the hindrance caused by hair. Treatment with the 308‐nm excimer lamp is purported to provide many benefits over conventional phototherapy. This retrospective study evaluates the efficacy, safety, and effective dosage of 308‐nm excimer light in the treatment of scalp psoriasis.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients with scalp psoriasis who received treatment with 308‐nm excimer light. Clinical and epidemiological data as well as details regarding treatment were statistically analyzed to determine the treatment outcomes.ResultsTwenty patients with scalp psoriasis were included in the study. Their mean age was 47.45 ± 17.93 years. Eleven patients responded to treatment at the end of 10 sessions. The median baseline Psoriatic Scalp Severity Index (PSSI) was 12 (range, 3‐32). At the end of the protocol, the median PSSI was 4.5 (range, 0‐24), indicating a statistically significant reduction (P < 0.001). Common adverse effects included erythema, irritation, and desquamation.ConclusionThe 308‐nm excimer light appears to be an effective and safe modality that requires short treatment time. The modality could be considered as an alternative or adjuvant treatment for scalp psoriasis.
Low‐mobility sperm phenotype in the domestic turkey: Impact on sperm morphometry and early embryonic death
Authors: Manier Mollie K. , Welch Glenn , Van Nispen Christiaan , Bakst Murray R. , Long Julie 
Published: January 2019

ContentsThe sperm mobility assay measures the ability of sperm to swim through a dense layer of Accudenz®, and the sperm mobility phenotype has been shown to predict fertility and other sperm performance traits in roosters and turkeys. In this study, we examined turkey sperm morphometry and rates of early embryonic death associated with high‐ and low‐mobility semen. We also assessed whether the hypo‐osmotic stress test, which evaluates the structural integrity of the sperm plasma membrane, may be used as a faster and simpler assay for sperm mobility and viability. We confirmed previous work that found that high‐mobility sperm are faster and swim more linearly than low‐mobility sperm, and that mobility traits were repeatable within males. In contrast to previous studies, we did not find higher rates of fertility, but low‐mobility sperm was associated with higher rates of early embryonic death, though this trend was not significant. High‐mobility sperm had longer sperm heads, explained by longer nuclei, despite shorter acrosomes. Although these sperm were faster, midpiece length and flagellum length did not differ between high‐ and low‐mobility sperm. Finally, mobility was not found to be associated with sperm performance in the hypo‐osmotic stress test.
Modeling the Cost Effectiveness of Fire Protection Resource Allocation in the United States: Models and a 1980–2014 Case Study
Authors: Behrendt Adam , Payyappalli Vineet M. , Zhuang Jun 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe estimated cost of fire in the United States is about $329 billion a year, yet there are gaps in the literature to measure the effectiveness of investment and to allocate resources optimally in fire protection. This article fills these gaps by creating data‐driven empirical and theoretical models to study the effectiveness of nationwide fire protection investment in reducing economic and human losses. The regression between investment and loss vulnerability shows highR2values (≈0.93). This article also contributes to the literature by modeling strategic (national‐level or state‐level) resource allocation (RA) for fire protection with equity‐efficiency trade‐off considerations, while existing literature focuses on operational‐level RA. This model and its numerical analyses provide techniques and insights to aid the strategic decision‐making process. The results from this model are used to calculate fire risk scores for various geographic regions, which can be used as an indicator of fire risk. A case study of federal fire grant allocation is used to validate and show the utility of the optimal RA model. The results also identify potential underinvestment and overinvestment in fire protection in certain regions. This article presents scenarios in which the model presented outperforms the existing RA scheme, when compared in terms of the correlation of resources allocated with actual number of fire incidents. This article provides some novel insights to policymakers and analysts in fire protection and safety that would help in mitigating economic costs and saving lives.
Choosing between multiple regional trade agreements: Evidence from Japan’s imports
Authors: Hayakawa Kazunobu , Urata Shujiro , Yoshimi Taiyo 
Published: January 2019

AbstractMega‐regional trade agreements (RTAs) are likely to overlap with other RTAs. When such overlaps occur, firms must choose the tariff rates from multiple RTAs. By employing data on Japan’s imports by tariff schemes, we investigate how RTA tariff rates affect firms’ decisions on tariff schemes when multiple RTAs exist. Our finding is that RTA utilization rates are higher when tariff rates for that RTA are lower (own effect) and tariff rates for alternative RTAs are higher (cross effect). We also found that the absolute magnitudes of own and cross effects are larger in bilateral and multilateral RTAs, respectively.
Visualization in Bayesian Workflow
Authors: Gabry Jonah , Simpson Daniel , Vehtari Aki , Betancourt Michael , Gelman Andrew 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBayesian data analysis is about more than just computing a posterior distribution, and Bayesian visualization is about more than trace plots of Markov chains. Practical Bayesian data analysis, like all data analysis, is an iterative process of model building, inference, model checking and evaluation, and model expansion. Visualization is helpful in each of these stages of the Bayesian workflow and it is indispensable when drawing inferences from the types of modern, high dimensional models that are used by applied researchers.
SATB2‐associated syndrome (SAS) and associated dental findings
Authors: Scott John , Adams Chad , Beetstra Stephen , Zarate Yuri A. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractObjectiveIdentify, diagnose, and document oral clinical and radiographic evidence associated with the genetic condition known as special AT‐rich sequence‐binding protein 2 (SATB2)‐associated syndrome. Through identifying and publishing these common dental and behavioral findings, we hope to educate oral and medical healthcare providers to identify this condition in an attempt to develop meaningful comprehensive care to this patient population.MethodsA total of 37 patients (19 female), ranging from ages 2 to 20 were evaluated at Arkansas Children's Hospital in Little Rock, Arkansas. Patient geographic distribution included: the United States, Canada, Portugal, Spain, and the Netherlands. Patients were clinically and radiographically examined for oral findings. Panoramic radiographs were obtained when patient's behavior allowed. Patient's parents or guardians were also interviewed concerning dental, medical, and behavioral histories.ResultsClinical findings included delayed tooth eruption, bruxism, sialorrhea, larger than normal teeth with an increased propensity for maxillary anterior tooth trauma due to unsteady ambulation. Radiographic findings included delayed permanent root formation, significantly delayed or missing second bicuspids, malformed teeth, and taurodontism. Medical and behavioral issues included: insomnia, hyperphagia, cognitive delays, and an extremely high pain threshold.ConclusionPatients with SATB2‐associated syndrome have shown to have a consistent and unique set of dental findings both clinically and radiographically. A thorough health and dental history along with the aforementioned results of the study may facilitate a diagnosis of this syndrome. Due to the complexity of the patient's dental needs and behavior, a health practitioner with special needs care experience on a comprehensive craniofacial team would be optimal.
Relativistic and Newton–Cartan particle in de Broglie–Bohm theory
Authors: Klusoň Josef 
Published: January 2019

This paper is devoted to the analysis of massive particle in general and Newton–Cartan Background in de Broglie–Bohm theory. We find classical and quantum version of Hamilton–Jacobi equations and their relations to wave equations. We also discuss fundamental difference between classical and quantum description of these two systems.
Randomized Sharkovsky-type theorems and their application to random impulsive differential equations and inclusions on tori
Authors: Andres Jan 
Published: January 2019

Our randomized versions of the Sharkovsky-type cycle coexistence theorems on tori and, in particular, on the circle are applied to random impulsive differential equations and inclusions. The obtained effective coexistence criteria for random subharmonics with various periods are formulated in terms of the Lefschetz numbers (in dimension one, in terms of degrees) of the impulsive maps and their iterates w.r.t. the (deterministic) state variables. Otherwise, the forcing properties of certain periods of the given random subharmonics are employed, provided there exists a random harmonic solution. In the single-valued case, the exhibition of deterministic chaos in the sense of Devaney is detected for random impulsive differential equations on the factor space [Formula: see text]. Several simple illustrative examples are supplied.
Broadhaven revisited: a new look at models of fault–fold interaction
Authors: Cawood A. J. , Bond C. E. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Classic fold-thrust structures within Carboniferous-age strata at Broadhaven, SW Wales are well-known for their excellent preservation of Variscan deformation. These sites have been important for conceptual model generation of the link between faulting and folding, and are often cited as exemplars of fault-propagation folds following work by Williams & Chapman. Here we employ the virtual outcrop method to digitally map and measure, in detail, the classic Den’s Door outcrop. 3D reconstruction of the site by digital photogrammetry allows us to extract high-density structural measurements, reassess the existing model of structural development for the outcrop, and re-evaluate the link between faulting and folding. We find that digital mapping highlights greater variability in fault displacement and bed thicknesses than previously documented. Fracture analysis shows that fracture intensity is closely linked to structural position and bed-thickness variability, and fracture orientations record the existence of discrete mechanical boundaries through the structure. These results record complex patterns of strain distribution and multi-phase deformation. Evidence for temporal and spatial variability in strain distribution suggests that multiple kinematic and non-kinematic models of deformation are required to faithfully describe even this apparently simple structure. This calls into question the applicability of end-member models of fault-related folding, particularly for multilayered stratigraphy.
ELSA
Authors: Cagliero Luca , Garza Paolo , Baralis Elena 
Published: January 2019

Sentence-based summarization aims at extracting concise summaries of collections of textual documents. Summaries consist of a worthwhile subset of document sentences. The most effective multilingual strategies rely on Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA) and on frequent itemset mining, respectively. LSA-based summarizers pick the document sentences that cover the most important concepts. Concepts are modeled as combinations of single-document terms and are derived from a term-by-sentence matrix by exploiting Singular Value Decomposition (SVD). Itemset-based summarizers pick the sentences that contain the largest number of frequent itemsets, which represent combinations of frequently co-occurring terms. The main drawbacks of existing approaches are (i) the inability of LSA to consider the correlation between combinations of multiple-document terms and the underlying concepts, (ii) the inherent redundancy of frequent itemsets because similar itemsets may be related to the same concept, and (iii) the inability of itemset-based summarizers to correlate itemsets with the underlying document concepts. To overcome the issues of both of the abovementioned algorithms, we propose a new summarization approach that exploits frequent itemsets to describe all of the latent concepts covered by the documents under analysis and LSA to reduce the potentially redundant set of itemsets to a compact set of uncorrelated concepts. The summarizer selects the sentences that cover the latent concepts with minimal redundancy. We tested the summarization algorithm on both multilingual and English-language benchmark document collections. The proposed approach performed significantly better than both itemset- and LSA-based summarizers, and better than most of the other state-of-the-art approaches.
Participation in Cervical Screening by Self-collection, Pap, or a Choice of Either in Brazil
Authors: Castle Philip E. , Silva Vânia R.S. , Consolaro Marcia E.L. , Kienen Nádia , Bittencourt Lorna , Pelloso Sandra M. , Partridge Edward E. , Pierz Amanda , Dartibale Camila B. , Uchimura Nelson S. , Scarinci Isabel C. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Most cervical cancers occur in women who do not participate in cervical-cancer screening. We therefore evaluated adherence to screening for clinic-based Pap testing, self-collected sampling for HPV testing, and choice of the 2 among 483 unscreened/underscreened women in Brazil. Three public Basic Health Units (BHU) were each randomly assigned to three arms: (i) Pap testing at the BHU (N = 160), (ii) “Self&HPV” (self-collection for HPV testing) (N = 161), and (iii) “Choice” between self-collection and HPV testing and Pap test at the local BHU (N = 162). The theory-based (PEN-3 and Health Belief Model) intervention in all three arms was implemented by trained Community Health Workers (CHW) at participants’ home. With the first invitation, 60.0% in the Pap arm, 95.1% [154 of 161 (95.7%) who selected Self&HPV and 0 of 1 (0.0%) who selected Pap] in the Choice arm, and 100% in the Self&HPV arm completed screening. By the second invitation to choose a method of screening in the Choice arm, 100% completed screening. After three invitations, 75.0% of women in the Pap arm completed screening. Adherence to screening differed by study arm (P &lt; 0.001). In conclusion, Self&HPV testing is a promising strategy for unscreened/underscreened women who are recalcitrant or unable to undergo clinic-based cervical screening to complement the screening modality used in the general population. In Brazil, where Pap testing is recommended for routine cervical screening, training CHWs in behavior change strategies and offering Self&HPV or Choice could greatly improve screening population coverage by reaching the unscreened/underscreened populations.
Risk Factors Associated With Altered Circulating MicroRNA‐125b and Their Influences on Uremic Vascular Calcification Among Patients With End‐Stage Renal Disease
Authors: Chao Chia‐Ter , Yuan Tzu‐Hang , Yeh Hsiang‐Yuan , Chen Hsuan‐Yu , Huang Jenq‐Wen , Chen Huei‐Wen 
Published: January 2019

Background

Micro
RNA
‐125b (miR‐125b) has been shown to regulate vascular calcification (
VC
), and serum miR‐125b levels are a potential biomarker for estimating the risk of uremic
VC
status. However, it is unknown whether clinical features, including chronic kidney disease–mineral bone disorder molecules, affect serum miR‐125b levels.

Methods and Results

Patients receiving chronic dialysis for ≥3 months were recruited from different institutes. Serum miR‐125b and chronic kidney disease–mineral bone disorder effectors, including intact parathyroid hormone, 25‐
OH
‐D, fibroblast growth factor‐23, osteoprotegerin, and fetuin‐A, were quantified. We used multivariate regression analyses to identify factors associated with low serum miR‐125b levels and an area under receiver operating characteristic curve curve to derive optimal cutoffs for factors exhibiting close associations. Further regression analyses evaluated the influence of miR‐125b on
VC
risk. Among 223 patients receiving chronic dialysis (mean age, 67.3 years; mean years of dialysis, 5.2), 54 (24.2%) had high serum miR‐125b levels. Osteoprotegerin (
P
=0.013), fibroblast growth factor‐23 (
P
=0.006), and fetuin‐A (
P
=0.036) were linearly associated with serum miR‐125b levels. High osteoprotegerin levels independently correlated with high serum miR‐125 levels. Adding serum miR‐125b levels and serum osteoprotegerin levels (≥400 pg/mL) into models estimating the risk of uremic
VC
increased the area under receiver operating characteristic curve values (for models without miR‐125b/osteoprotegerin, with miR‐125b, and both: 0.74, 0.79, and 0.81, respectively).

Conclusions

Serum osteoprotegerin levels ≥400 pg/mL and serum miR‐125b levels synergistically increased the accuracy of estimating
VC
risk among patients receiving chronic dialysis. Taking miR‐125b and osteoprotegerin levels into consideration when estimating
VC
risk may be recommended.