bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seasonal, tissue and age influences on frequency and biodiversity of endophytic fungi ofCitrus sinensisin Iran
Authors: Juybari Hakimeh Ziaie , Tajick Ghanbary Mohammad Ali , Rahimian Heshmatollah , Karimi Kaivan , Arzanlou Mahdi 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA total of 4,009 endophytic fungal isolates were recovered from healthy leaves, bark and xylem ofCitrus sinensisin different seasons and age‐classes. Corresponding to those factors, the majorities of fungal isolates were recovered from leaves, 2‐yr‐old trees and winter, respectively. Fungal isolates were initially categorized based on cultural and morphological characters, and representatives of each morphotype were subjected to molecular identifications based on ITS‐rDNA andβ‐tubulin sequences. All isolates obtained in this study belonged to the phyla Ascomycota and Basidiomycota assigned to 30 fungal taxa. The most abundant fungal species wereAlternariaspp. Species diversity indices of Margalef richness and Shannon–Wiener revealed a high diversity of fungal taxa recovered from leaf and during winter. Frequency (%) of fungal endophytes was highest in winter followed by summer, autumn, and spring significantly, whereas the corresponding sequence was winter, autumn, summer and spring for the diversity of endophytic fungi. Overall, the results of this study based on the community and diversity of endophytic fungal species inC. sinensisshowed that the type of plant tissue, season of sampling and age of tree play a driving role on their abundance while their diversity was mainly dependent on the type of plant tissue, season of sampling than on the age of tree.
Disease progression and defects in primary hemostasis as major cause of bleeding in multiple myeloma
Authors: Hinterleitner Clemens , Pecher Ann‐Christin , Kreißelmeier Klaus‐Peter , Budde Ulrich , Kanz Lothar , Kopp Hans‐Georg , Jaschonek Karl 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackground and objectivesIn patients with multiple myeloma (MM), unexpected bleeding complications remain a major issue. Since routine coagulation parameters are often inconspicuous, diagnosis and treatment of the underlying coagulation disorders are challenging.Patients and methodsIn our single‐center observational study, we analyzed 164 patients with MM for coagulation disorders and bleeding complications.ResultsProlonged closure times (CTs), measured by PFA‐100, were the most common, abnormal coagulation test, found in 66% of bleeding patients vs 5% in non‐bleeding, followed by qualitative defects of von Willebrand factor (VWF:CB/VWF:Ag ratios), found in 34% vs 1% in the non‐bleeding group. Increased serum free light chains (SFLC) and SFLC ratios were significantly associated with prolonged CTs and acquired von Willebrand syndrome (AVWS). Prolonged CTs and AVWS were associated with disease progression, determined by dynamics of SFLC ratios (P < .001), serum creatinine level (P = .013), Beta‐2 microglobulin (P = .03), LDH (P = .016), and bone marrow infiltration (P < .001). Of note, response to myeloma therapy was frequently correlated with normalization of coagulation parameters.ConclusionsBleeding complications in MM are predominantly caused by defects in primary hemostasis and associated with disease progression. In a peri‐interventional workup, determination of CTs and VWF:CB/VWF:Ag ratios are of significant importance to assess bleeding risk.
Life history demographic parameter synthesis for exploited Florida and Caribbean coral reef fishes
Authors: Stevens Molly H. , Smith Steven G. , Ault Jerald S. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAge‐ or length‐structured stock assessments require reliable life history demographic parameters (growth, mortality, reproduction) to model population dynamics, potential yields and stock sustainability. This study synthesized life history information for 84 commercially exploited tropical reef fish species from Florida and the U.S. Caribbean (Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands). We attempted to identify a useable set of life history parameters for each species that included lifespan, length at age, weight at length and maturity at length. Key aspects of the life history synthesis were development of: (a) a database that characterized study details including sampling region, biological and statistical methods, length range of sampled individuals, sample size, capture gears and sampling time frame; (b) reproducible procedural criteria for parameter identification for a given species; and (c) a reliability metric for each parameter type. Complete life history parameter sets were available for 46 species analysed. Of these, only 16 species had parameter sets meeting the highest standards for reliability, highlighting future research needs.
Amyloid precursor protein, an androgen‐regulated gene, is targeted by RNA‐binding protein PSF/SFPQ in neuronal cells
Authors: Takayama Ken‐ichi , Fujiwara Kyoko , Inoue Satoshi 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAmyloid precursor protein (APP) is a representative gene related to Alzheimer's disease (AD). Androgens function by binding to the androgen receptor (AR). Both androgen and RNA‐binding protein PSF play a role in the pathology of AD. However, the involvement of AR and PSF in APP regulation in neuron has not been investigated. Here, we explored the regulatory mechanism of APP expression by AR and PSF using neuron‐derived cells. We demonstrated that androgen up‐regulates the production of APP at the mRNA and protein levels. This induction is enhanced by AR over‐expression and inhibited by its silencing. One candidate AR‐binding region was identified in the intron region of APP and validated its activity as AR‐dependent enhancer by the luciferase assay. Furthermore, the public transcriptome data of brain tissues of mice indicated that APP is regulated by PSF post‐transcriptionally. We observed a decreased expression of APP after PSF knockdown and interaction of PSF with the APP transcript. Moreover, we revealed that silencing of PSF inhibited the stability of the APP mRNA. Thus, these results presented a new regulatory mechanism of APP expression by androgen through AR‐mediated transcription and PSF at the post‐transcriptional level that might be associated with the occurrence of AD.
Tanzanian health libraries in the 21st century: initiatives and challenges
Authors: Chande‐Mallya Rehema 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis article is part of a series in this regular feature, which looks at new directions in health science libraries. It highlights the initiatives health science librarians in Tanzania are implementing to ensure that their service meets users’ needs. To succeed, libraries must take steps to ensure that staff have access to education, training and professional development. Partnerships and collaborations are also vital to make the best use of scarce resources and to identify sources of funding. This article highlights the various challenges facing the library service and the opportunity for librarians to be recognised for the new roles they are taking on.J.M.
Meeting the review family: exploring review types and associated information retrieval requirements
Authors: Sutton Anthea , Clowes Mark , Preston Louise , Booth Andrew 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackground and objectivesThe last decade has witnessed increased recognition of the value of literature reviews for advancing understanding and decision making. This has been accompanied by an expansion in the range of methodological approaches and types of review. However, there remains uncertainty over definitions and search requirements beyond those for the ‘traditional’ systematic review. This study aims to characterise health related reviews by type and to provide recommendations on appropriate methods of information retrieval based on the available guidance.MethodsA list of review types was generated from published typologies and categorised into ‘families’ based on their common features. Guidance on information retrieval for each review type was identified by searching pubmed, medline and Google Scholar, supplemented by scrutinising websites of review producing organisations.ResultsForty‐eight review types were identified and categorised into seven families. Published guidance reveals increasing specification of methods for information retrieval; however, much of it remains generic with many review types lacking explicit requirements for the identification of evidence.ConclusionsDefining review types and utilising appropriate search methods remain challenging. By familiarising themselves with a range of review methodologies and associated search methods, information specialists will be better equipped to select suitable approaches for future projects.
Health information seeking behaviour: the librarian's role in supporting digital and health literacy
Authors: Butler Rachel 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis paper is based on Rachel Butler's dissertation carried out at the University of Sheffield as part of the MA Library and Information Services Management. The study examines people's online health information seeking skills, with the specific aim to identify how libraries and health services can work together in supporting digital and health literacy. A survey approach is used to explore online searching habits as well as librarian and health professionals’ views on health literacy. The key findings indicate that whilst the majority of respondents consider themselves to be health literate, there was an overall agreement that effective education and support could be achieved through the collaboration between libraries and health services, and specifically to signpost information and to provide targeted education. The limitations of the research for dissertation are recognised leading to recommendations that further study focuses on the impact of signposting and education on health literacy.F.J.
Application of artificial neural network optimization for resilient ceramic parts fabricated by direct ink writing
Authors: Fan Yunhao , Feng Bo , Yang Liangliang , Zhang Yue 
Published: September 2019

AbstractGeometries of ceramic parts for high‐temperature sealing have great influence on their compression‐resilience behaviors. In this work, an accurate and large‐scale artificial neural network (ANN) was established to match the relationship between structural parameters and mechanical properties of ZrO2 parts fabricated by 3D printing. Four geometry parameters of the designed ZrO2 parts were imported as input and apparent Young's modulus and maximum deformation simulated by finite element method (FEM) were imported as output. FEM calculation provided 400 groups of data for the training of ANN, which greatly improved the predicted accuracy of the network. The predicted results show the mechanical performance of the parts with a range of modulus from 9.24 × 10−3 GPa to 100.35 × 10−3 GPa and a range of maximum deformation from 2.32% to 5.80% can be forecasted with error less than 8%. Based on the optimized structural parameters, the designed ZrO2 parts were fabricated by Direct Ink Writing (DIW) technique. The experimental compression‐rebound property is comparable to that of ANN prediction. It demonstrates that the combined method of ANN and FEM is a preferable way to optimize the structure and guide the fabrication of complex ceramic parts by 3D printing method.
Microwave dielectric properties of SrLa[Ga1−x(Mg0.5Ti0.5)x]O4 and SrLa[Ga1−x(Zn0.5Ti0.5)x]O4 (x = 0.2‐0.8) ceramics
Authors: Yan Han , Chen Gu Yi , Li Lei , Liu Bing , Chen Xiang Ming 
Published: September 2019

AbstractSrLa[Ga1−x(R0.5Ti0.5)x]O4 (R = Mg, Zn) ceramics were prepared by a standard solid state sintering method. The single‐phase ceramics with K2NiF4‐type layered perovskite structure and I4/mmm space group were obtained, indicating that SrLa(R0.5Ti0.5) and SrLaGaO4 can form the unlimited solid solutions. With increasing x for R = Mg and Zn, εr increases monotonously, the Qf value first increases and then decreases, while τf increases from a negative to a positive value. The optimized microwave dielectric properties were obtained as following: εr = 23.3, Qf = 89 400 GHz, τf = −0.8 ppm/°C for SrLa[Ga0.6(Mg0.5Ti0.5)0.4]O4 and εr = 23.3, Qf = 76 200 GHz, τf = 0.2 ppm/°C for SrLa[Ga0.7(Zn0.5Ti0.5)0.3]O4, indicating that the present solid solution ceramics are the promising candidates as microwave resonator materials for the telecommunication applications.
Comparative analysis of charcoal grilling, infrared grilling and superheated steam roasting on the colour, textural quality and heterocyclic aromatic amines of lamb patties
Authors: Suleman Raheel , Hui Teng , Wang Zhenyu , Liu Huan , Zhang Dequan 
Published: September 2019

SummaryThe colour, textural profile and heterocyclic aromatic amines content of lamb patties cooked by charcoal grilling, infrared grilling and superheated steam roasting were investigated. The results of colour showed that lightness and yellowness values were highest in the superheated steam and lowest in charcoal grilled patties. The texture characteristics observed in the superheated steam, and infrared patties were much better. Water loss was highest in charcoal grilled meat. Charcoal grilling produced a significantly (P < 0.05) much higher amount of total HAAs, ranging from 171.26 ng g−1 to 555.29 ng g−1 (polar) and from 200.77 ng g−1 to 426.07 ng g−1 (non‐polar) HAAs, than infrared (39.21 ng g−1 −181.37 ng g−1) and (52.84 ng g−1 −148.59 ng g−1) and superheated steam roasting (from 8.67 ng g−1 to 30.66 ng g−1 and from 23.61 ng g−1 to 89.66 ng g−1) for both types of HAAs in lamb patties. Colour, texture and HAAs were significantly influenced by time and by the temperature used for each cooking method.
Evaluation of bioaerosol samplers for the detection and quantification of influenza virus from artificial aerosols and influenza virus–infected ferrets
Authors: Bekking Christian , Yip Lily , Groulx Nicolas , Doggett Nathan , Finn Mairead , Mubareka Samira 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundBioaerosol sampling devices are necessary for the characterization of infectious bioaerosols emitted by naturally‐infected hosts with acute respiratory virus infections. Assessment of these devices under multiple experimental conditions will provide insight for device use.ObjectivesThe primary objective of this study was to assess and compare bioaerosol sampling devices using a) an in vitro, environmentally‐controlled artificial bioaerosol system at a range of different RH conditions and b) an in vivo bioaerosol system of influenza virus‐infected ferrets under controlled environmental conditions. Secondarily, we also sought to examine the impact of NSAIDs on bioaerosol emission in influenza virus‐infected ferrets to address its potential as a determinant of bioaerosol emission.MethodsWe examined the performance of low and moderate volume bioaerosol samplers for the collection of viral RNA and infectious influenza virus in vitroand in vivo using artificial bioaerosols and the ferret model of influenza virus infection. The following samplers were tested: the polytetrafluoroethylene filter (PTFE filter), the 2‐stage National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health cyclone sampler (NIOSH cyclone sampler) and the 6‐stage viable Andersen impactor (Andersen impactor).ResultsThe PTFE filter and NIOSH cyclone sampler collected similar amounts of viral RNA and infectious virus from artificially‐generated aerosols under a range of relative humidities (RH). Using the ferret model, the PTFE filter, NIOSH cyclone sampler and the Andersen impactor collected up to 3.66 log10copies of RNA/L air, 3.84 log10copies of RNA/L air and 6.09 log10copies of RNA/L air respectively at peak recovery. Infectious virus was recovered from the PTFE filter and NIOSH cyclone samplers on the peak day of viral RNA recovery.ConclusionThe PTFE filter and NIOSH cyclone sampler are useful for influenza virus RNA and infectious virus collection and may be considered for clinical and environmental settings.
Immobilization behavior of Sr in geopolymer and its ceramic product
Authors: Jia Lingyu , He Peigang , Jia Dechang , Fu Shuai , Wang Meng , Wang Meiling , Duan Xiaoming , Yang Zhihua , Zhou Yu 
Published: September 2019

AbstractTo date, geopolymer has emerged as a promising and inexpensive precursor with potential application in trapping hazardous elements via physical encapsulation or chemical bonding. In this work, different high‐temperature products derived from Sr‐contained geopolymer precursors were prepared. Different to conventional hazardous elements that immobilized in the geopolymer precursor, which show decreasing leaching rates after high‐temperature treatments, leaching rates of Sr in the resulting high‐temperature products first increase and then decrease with the increasing heating temperature. Herein, we first shed light on the underlying reasons of such temperature‐dependent leaching behaviors by investigating effects of heating temperature on the phase composition, microstructure, and immobilization mechanism. Moreover, a novel immobilization strategy has been proposed based on the blocking effect of formed nepheline structures at 1200°C. Using this strategy, the leaching rate of Sr reduced to 5.82 × 10−7g cm−2 d−1in the deionized water.
Testing main Amazonian rivers as barriers across time and space within widespread taxa
Authors: Pirani Renata M. , Werneck Fernanda P. , Thomaz Andréa T. , Kenney Mariah L. , Sturaro Marcelo J. , Ávila‐Pires Teresa C. S. , Peloso Pedro L. V. , Rodrigues Miguel T. , Knowles L. Lacey 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAimPresent Amazonian diversity patterns can result from many different mechanisms and, consequently, the factors contributing to divergence across regions and/or taxa may differ. Nevertheless, the river‐barrier hypothesis is still widely invoked as a causal process in divergence of Amazonian species. Here we use model‐based phylogeographic analyses to test the extent to which major Amazonian rivers act similarly as barriers across time and space in two broadly distributed Amazonian taxa.LocalAmazon rain forest.TaxonThe lizard Gonatodes humeralis (Sphaerodactylidae) and the tree frog Dendropsophus leucophyllatus (Hylidae).MethodsWe obtained RADseq data for samples distributed across main river barriers, representing main Areas of Endemism previously proposed for the region. We conduct model‐based phylogeographic and genetic differentiation analyses across each population pair.ResultsMeasures of genetic differentiation (based on FST calculated from genomic data) show that all rivers are associated with significant genetic differentiation. Parameters estimated under investigated divergence models showed that divergence times for populations separated by each of the 11 bordering rivers were all fairly recent. The degree of differentiation consistently varied between taxa and among rivers, which is not an artifact of any corresponding difference in the genetic diversities of the respective taxa, or to amounts of migration based on analyses of the site‐frequency spectrum.Main conclusionsTaken together, our results support a dispersal (rather than vicariance) history, without strong evidence of congruence between these species and rivers. However, once a species crossed a river, populations separated by each and every river have remained isolated—in this sense, rivers act similarly as barriers to any further gene flow. This result suggests differing degrees of persistence and gives rise to the seeming contradiction that the divergence process indeed varies across time, space and species, even though major Amazonian rivers have acted as secondary barriers to gene flow in the focal taxa.
Integrating palaeontological and molecular data uncovers multiple ancient and recent dispersals in the pantropical Hamamelidaceae
Authors: Xiang Xiaoguo , Xiang Kunli , Ortiz Rosa Del C. , Jabbour Florian , Wang Wei 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAimThe integration of palaeontological and phylogenetic data can improve our understanding in the spatio‐temporal evolutionary processes of living organisms. However, how best to use fossil data in divergence time estimation and ancestral range reconstruction remains challenging. Here, we integrated palaeontological and molecular data to investigate the historical biogeography of Hamamelidaceae, a pantropical angiosperm family with abundant fossils outside its present distribution.LocationGlobal tropical/subtropical areas.MethodsUsing seven DNA regions (>7,500 bp) from plastid and nuclear genomes, we reconstructed a robust phylogenetic framework for Hamamelidaceae with the first complete genus‐level sampling. We used the tip‐dating method with the 22 fossils to estimate divergence times for the family, and inferred the ancestral range of lineages under the dispersal–extinction–cladogenesis model by incorporating the fossils.ResultsOur biogeographic analysis indicates that extant Hamamelidaceae most likely originated in tropical Asia during the mid‐Cretaceous, and in the family 20 dispersals occurred during three major time intervals: the Upper Cretaceous (c. 93–69 Ma), Palaeocene–Eocene (c. 63–39 Ma) and late Oligocene (c. 27–23 Ma).Main conclusionsOverland migrations through available land bridges and island chains may have been mainly responsible for hamamelidaceous range expansions during these three episodes. This study contributes to our knowledge on the assembly and evolution of angiosperm‐dominated tropical and subtropical forests.
Contrasting scales of local persistence between monsoonal and arid biomes in closely related, low‐dispersal vertebrates
Authors: Potter Sally , Afonso Silva Ana C. , Bragg Jason G. , Catalano Sarah R. , Donnellan Stephen , Doughty Paul , Scott Mitchell L. , Moritz Craig 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAimFocussing on pairs of sister species across three genera of scincid lizards, we use genomic evidence to test for larger‐scale, late‐Pleistocene changes in distributions of lizards in the Australian arid zone (AZ) than in the adjacent monsoonal tropics (MT).LocationNorthern and central Australia.TaxonScincidae: Squamata.MethodsWe sequenced ~2000 nuclear exons and one mitochondrial gene across the distributions of species with primarily MT or AZ distributions from three genera of lizards. Using phylogenetic analysis and population structure analyses we identified major phylogeographic lineages and then compared the spatial scale of structuring and tested for recent demographic expansions.ResultsTwo genera in particular, Proablepharus and Morethia, showed deeper and more geographically localized phylogeographic diversity in the MT than the AZ. In the MT, localized diversity was prevalent in the relatively mesic regions. By contrast, the AZ was characterized by widespread and often genetically uniform lineages and a higher proportion of these had signals of recent population expansion.Main conclusionsConsistent with other recent, but mostly less genetically extensive studies, our results point to deeper and more localized diversity in MT compared to AZ. In turn, this suggests higher local persistence in more mesic and topographically diverse biome through the late Quaternary climate fluctuations. For the AZ, geographically extensive range expansions have likely contributed to the low spatial turnover of this exceptionally rich lizard fauna.