bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Small-Incision Manual Extracapsular Cataract Extraction Using Deep-Topical, Nerve-Block Anesthesia
Authors: Kaderli Berkant , Avci Remzi 
Published: January 2019

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To determine whether deep-topical anesthesia is suitable for small-incision manual extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE).
* PATIENTS AND METHODS: Three hundred twenty-six eyes of 253 patients had small-incision manual ECCE under topical anesthesia with a 4% lidocaine-soaked sponge. The severity of the pain, eye movements, blepharospasm, and intraoperative complications were recorded. Patient and surgeon satisfaction levels were assessed.
* RESULTS: Operations on 323 eyes (99%) were completed with topical anesthesia. Intraoperatively, topical anesthesia was converted to peribulbar anesthesia in 3 eyes (0.9%) because of excessive eye movements. The cauterization of the scleral vessels and conjunctiva and the subconjunctival injection were the stages causing severe pain. The most frequent intraoperative complication was posterior capsule rupture in 6 eyes (1.8%). The satisfaction level was 95% for the patients and 90% for the surgeon.
* CONCLUSION: Deep-topical, nerve-block anesthesia provides anesthesia with sufficient quality for small-incision manual ECCE.
[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging 2004;35:460-464.]
The Role of Mutuality and Coping in a Nurse-Led Cognitive Behavioral Intervention on Depressive Symptoms Among Dementia Caregivers
Authors: Pan Yuqin , Chen Ruyi , Yang DongLiang 
Published: January 2019

The current study explored whether mutuality and coping predicted and/or mediated the effect of a nurse-led cognitive behavioral intervention (NLCBI) on depressive symptoms of caregivers of persons with dementia. The intervention group (
n
= 56) received five monthly in-home nurse-led cognitive behavioral sessions and consultation calls after each session. The control group (
n
= 56) received five monthly short general conversations with the nurse interventionist. Questionnaires on study variables and demographics were collected at baseline, end of intervention, and 2-month follow up. Improved mutuality (β = −0.75,
p
= 0.049) and active coping (β = −2.06,
p
= 0.0001) and decreased passive coping (β = 1.43,
p
= 0.001) were found to predict the reduction of depressive symptoms among caregivers in the NLCBI. However, none of these variables mediated the interventional effect. Regular mental health nursing interventions are suggested to focus on enhancing mutuality and active coping and decreasing passive coping to maintain caregivers' mental health.

Targets:
Caregivers of persons with dementia.

Intervention Description:
Nurse-led cognitive behavioral sessions and subsequent consultation calls.

Mechanisms of Action:
Impacted caregivers' reappraisals, thus improving their active coping skills and mutuality and decreasing their passive coping, which directly reduced their depressive symptoms.

Outcomes:
Mutuality, active coping, and passive coping played a predicting, but not mediating, role in the effect of the NLCBI.

[Res Gerontol Nurs. 2019; 12(1):44–55.]
Fictionalisme théologique versus pragmatisme religieux : Vaihinger ou James ?
Authors: Bouriau Christophe 
Published: January 2019

Cet article s’inscrit dans un projet philosophique plus global visant à manifester les sources kantiennes et néokantiennes de ce qu’on nomme aujourd’hui le « fictionalisme théologique ». Il se propose ici particulièrement de comparer la « religion du comme si » du néokantien Hans Vaihinger au pragmatisme religieux de William James, en expliquant sa préférence pour le second.
Learning and teaching about seasonal climate forecasts: a Mediterranean educational experience toward operational climate services
Authors: Tarchiani Vieri , Pasqui Massimiliano , Parrish Patrick , Rapisardi Elena , Di Giuseppe Edmondo , Baldi Marina 
Published: January 2019

Abstract. During the World Climate Conference-3, Capacity Development has been
acknowledged as a transversal component underpinning all the other Pillars
of the Global Framework for Climate Services. Within the Mediterranean
basin, the interest of climate services based on seasonal climate forecasts
is rising because they provide an opportunity for developing a proactive
approach towards water management. In 2014, the Regional Training Center (RTC) in Italy, in agreement with
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and member countries of Region I
and VI, identified seasonal climate forecasts as a strategic subject of capacity
development for the Mediterranean Region. Following design-based research methods, this paper presents the evolution
of the training approaches adopted, from classroom lessons to a blend of
practical and theoretical classroom and distance learning. This evolution,
as well as the rising satisfaction of trainees' expectations encouraged WMO
and the RTC to widen the spectrum of beneficiaries and to make the resulting
course materials available for other regions and RTCs as a course package.
The course package provides essential guidelines to facilitate adoption and
adaptation of the course by different institutions and instructors,
including those in other WMO Regions, based on regional or institutional
learning needs and standards, while also serving the needs of individual learners.
EXPLICIT SOLUTION METHODS IN QUASI-STATIC ANALYSES OF RUBBER-LIKE MATERIALS
Authors: Yurdabak Volkan , Özüpek Şebnem 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT
The use of explicit finite element methods is practical for only a limited range of bulk modulus to shear modulus ratios. As a consequence, these efficient and robust methods have not found a large range of application in the analysis of rubber-like materials. On the other hand, the implicit finite element methods, which do not have a material compressibility limitation, fail to provide a solution to many challenging nonlinear rubber problems. A systematic investigation of the bulk modulus effect on the solution of a typical class of rubber problems is carried out with the aim of providing quantitative guidance for the use of explicit methods in the quasi-static analysis of nearly incompressible media with strong nonlinearities.
Serum Melatonin Values in Normal Dogs and Dogs with Seizures
Authors: Thomovsky Stephanie Ann , Chen Annie Vivian , Deavila David M. , Kiszonas Alecia M. 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT
Epilepsy, or recurrent seizures, is reported to be the most common neurologic condition in dogs; 20–30% of epileptic dogs are considered to be pharmacoresistent to one medication. The hormone melatonin has been shown to have significant anticonvulsant effects; epileptic humans have lower serum melatonin levels than unaffected individuals. We hypothesize that serum levels of melatonin will be lower in dogs with seizures as compared with normal dogs. Sixty-two dogs were enrolled in the study: 29 normal dogs (Group 1) and 33 dogs with seizures (Group 2). Blood sampling was done at three separate time points (8:00 a.m., 12:00, and 4:00 p.m.). The majority of dogs in Groups 1 (69%) and 2 (76%) had serum melatonin levels &lt;0.5 pg/mL as measured by radioimmunoassay. There were no significant differences in serum melatonin values between the groups or within groups when time of blood draw, length of sample freezing, time of day/year of sampling, or presence of anticonvulsant therapy were compared. There were no notable differences in daytime serum melatonin values in normal dogs versus dogs with seizures. The majority of daytime serum melatonin levels were &lt;0.5 pg/mL in dogs with and without seizures.
Suspected Hypercalcemia of Benignancy Associated with Canine Vaginal Leiomyoma
Authors: Stiver Shane , Laukkanen Casey , Luong Richard 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT
Hypercalcemia was identified in a canine patient with a benign vaginal leiomyoma. Subsequent diagnostic workup did not reveal hypercalcemia of malignancy. Surgical resection of the leiomyoma resulted in a conversion to normocalcemic status. Although rare, hypercalcemia of benignancy should be considered in a patient in which hypercalcemia is identified via clinical pathology.
Simultaneous Determination of Curcumin and Resveratrol in Lipidic Nanoemulsion Formulation and Rat Plasma Using HPLC: Optimization and Application to Real Samples
Authors: Nasr Maha , Abdel Rahman Mona Hamdy 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Background: Curcumin and resveratrol are naturally occurring polyphenols that are highly effective in inhibiting the growth of cancer cells. A robust reversed-phase HPLC method has been developed for the simultaneous determination of these two natural drugs. Objective: The method was adapted to analyze both drugs in pure forms, in lipidic nanoemulsion formulation as well as in rat plasma. The method was applied to real samples after intravenous (IV) injection of rats. Method: Analysis utilized C18 column using acetonitrile (ACN)–water (pH adjusted to 4.6 by 1% orthophosphoric acid) in the ratio of 55+45 (v/v) at a flow rate of 0.8 mL/min with detection at 425 and 304 nm for curcumin and resveratrol, respectively. Results: Extraction efficiency of curcumin and resveratrol using ACN–methanol was 96.10–101.00% (RSD 2.49) and 95.00–99.87% (RSD 2.59), respectively. The assay was linear from 0.05 to 4.00 μg/mL (correlation coefficient of 0.9989 and 0.9981, respectively) and precise [average interday and intraday precision for curcumin RSD% (0.45, 2.04) and resveratrol RSD% (2.25, 1.71)] in spiked rat plasma. The LOD and LOQ were found to be (0.0085 μg/mL, 0.025 μg/mL) and (0.02, 0.06), respectively. Conclusions: The data presented demonstrate that the method provides rapid, sensitive, and precise determination of curcumin and resveratrol in spiked rat plasma and in nanoemulsion dosage form without tedious cleanup procedure, which was successfully applied for quantitation of both drugs following their IV administration to albino rats. Highlights: Validated chromatographic method has been developed for simultaneous determination of curcumin and resveratrol. Optimization of chromatographic conditions was achieved. Application of the method on nanoemulsion formula, on spiked rat plasma, and pharmacokinetics study.
Specific Identification of the Adulterated Components in Beef or Mutton Meats Using Multiplex PCR
Authors: Li Xinnan , Guan Yifu 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Background: The fraudulent substitution of cheap and low-quality meat for expensive and good-quality meats to gain profit is a common practice in industries worldwide. Adulteration of fox, raccoon, or mink in commercial beef and mutton meat in the supermarket has become a serious problem. Objective: To ensure the meat quality and safety, we have developed a multiplex PCR method to identify the fox, mink, and raccoon components adulterated in beef or mutton with very low detection limits. Methods: PCR primers were designed and tested by examining the size of PCR product, the nuclease digestion products, and DNA sequencing. Results: After primer interference tests, we have established a double PCR method that can clearly identify fox, mink, or raccoon components in beef meat and mutton meat at the 1% (w/w) level. Triplex PCR and quadruple PCR have been also developed, which are able to identify any two types of components or three mixed components in beef meat unambiguously. Conclusions: We have developed multiplex PCR systems. The duplex PCR systems can identify one component (fox, raccoon, or mink) adulterated in beef meat or mutton meat without question, and triplex PCR and quadruple PCR can discriminate two components and three components adulterated in beef meat. Highlights: These methods are convenient, low-cost, highly specific and reliable, and of a great value for meat quality control and food safety quarantine.
Evaluation of the Use of Microtracers™ in a Proficiency Testing Program
Authors: Thiex Nancy , Carlson Mark , Kieffer Robert , Kieffer Amy , Eisenberg David , Barashkov Nikolay , Ramsey Charles 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Background: An effective proficiency testing program must utilize accurate splitting procedures to ensure that customers receive equivalent (by some measure) test items. When test items are not equivalent, it becomes impossible to separate variation among laboratories from variation among test items, and the program cannot achieve its objectives. Therefore, there is a critical need to validate the splitting process used to manufacture test items. Objective: The incorporation of MicrotracersTM was investigated for validating the splitting process used in the Association of American Feed Control Officials Proficiency Testing Program and as a potential quality control event for a production run. Methods: Microtracers were incorporated into six production runs. From each run, 12 test items were randomly selected for evaluation. Proficiency test materials were prepared from commercially available feedstuffs using base animal feeds and feed additives. The tracers were incorporated into base feed with other additives, recovered, and counted from the randomly selected test items. Results: Uniformity of test items was evaluated with the following two statistical methods: (1) relative standard deviation (RSD) of particle counts according to a Poisson distribution and (2) a Pearson’s Chi-square test. RSDs for counts (per mass basis) ranged from 2.49 to 4.13%, and Chi-square P values ranged from 0.0097 to 0.3740 over the six sets. Conclusions: Microtracers were determined to be a potential tool for validating the splitting process used to manufacture proficiency test items and a tool for incorporating quality control events into the manufacture of proficiency test items. Highlights: The authors offer suggestions for proficiency testing programs.
Los difíciles años cuarenta para el exilio republicano de 1939
Authors: De Hoyos Puente Jorge 
Published: January 2019

Este artículo explora las principales dificultades que debieron afrontar las organizaciones políticas en el exilio durante la década de los años cuarenta del siglo XX. En ese periodo, los partidos y organizaciones sindicales debieron digerir la derrota republicana y la pérdida de expectativas de un retorno factible a corto plazo. El exilio republicano se vio sometido a tensiones internas y externas que condicionaron su proceso de integración en los países de origen y sus expectativas de regreso a España. Para comprender este proceso, el artículo se centra en la evolución política del exilio en su conjunto, atendiendo a sus principales puntos de fricción durante esta década clave en su devenir histórico. La hipótesis de partida del trabajo trata de mostrar cómo la profunda disparidad de criterios existentes en el seno de las organizaciones a la hora de configurar una respuesta coordinada y unitaria frente al franquismo contribuyó a debilitar las opciones de influir en una acción de lucha eficaz contra la dictadura. Para ello, analizaremos esta pluralidad, así como los factores internacionales que condicionaron la lucha antifranquista desde el exilio en el periodo abordado.
Creativity in Science
Authors: Strøm Heidi Angell 
Published: January 2019

Modern science is expected to generate new knowledge and understanding. In this scientific essay, I wish to explore the field of creativity in science by contributing a theoretical perspective on creativity and the creative process, which will include exemplifying different factors that promote or inhibit creativity, as well as reflecting on creativity in my own research project. In addition, I examine how we can help strengthen creativity in the context of discovery in research, then I provide a discussion of the issue.
From Original Ferrocene‐Based Small‐Molecule Design to Multifunctional Supramolecular Bactericides: Their Efficient Applications in Controlling Biofilm‐Associated Bacterial Infections
Authors: Zhao Haicong , He Xinyu , Yang Jinghan , Liu Min , Chen Xue , Wang Peiyi 
Published: November 2024

AbstractConventional bactericides struggle with biofilm barriers and inefficient deposition on hydrophobic leaves, resulting in undesirable control of plant bacterial diseases. To overcome these challenges, an innovative ferrocene‐based small‐molecule (FccA8R) is conceived, featuring biofilm disruption capabilities. Further optimizing FccA8R with seven‐membered oligosaccharide‐involved host–guest supramolecular strategy creates two kinds of biocompatible multifunctional supramolecular nanospheres (FccA8R@β‐CD and FccA8R@HP‐β‐CD). This manipulation efficiently eradicates mature biofilm barriers while enhancing droplet retention on hydrophobic leaves. At a concentration of 56.64 µg mL−1, the two materials remove Xanthomonas‐biofilms by 76.32–76.83%, notably surpassing that of single FccA8R (57.96%). Their versatility extends to the enhanced inhibition of bacterial motility, extracellular enzymes secretion, and exopolysaccharides production, all reducing the bacterial virulence. In vivo pot experiments, FccA8R@β‐CD and FccA8R@HP‐β‐CD demonstrate workable control efficacies of 48.91–52.03% against rice bacterial blight at 200 µg mL−1, superior to the commercial thiodiazole‐copper‐20%SC (36.42%) and FccA8R‐0.1%Tween (39.54%). Furthermore, these supramolecular assemblies disclose broad‐spectrum bactericidal efficacy (71.45–73.19%) against kiwifruit canker, significantly higher than thiodiazole‐copper‐20%SC (43.05%) and FccA8R‐0.1%Tween (57.24%). Besides, supramolecular bactericides are safe for plants and non‐target organisms like zebrafish and earthworms. Briefly, this research builds a key foundation for creating green bactericides from small‐molecule conception to eco‐friendly supramolecular assemblies, realizing the prevention of bacterial diseases and environmental safety.
The Out‐of‐Plane C─S Bonds Boosting Reversible Redox in Copper Sulfide Cathodes for Ultradurable Magnesium Battery
Authors: Su Qin , Wang Weixiao , Chen Jiajun , Ji Juan , Wang Wenwen , Ren Wen , Zhang Lei , Xie Jun , An Qinyou 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAs a typical conversion‐type cathode material, CuS has shown great potential in the field of rechargeable magnesium batteries (RMBs) due to its excellent energy density, stable voltage platforms, and low cost. However, the poor phase conversion reversibility in CuS cathodes has resulted in low Coulombic efficiency and short cycling life, impeding its further development. Herein, an abundance of CS heterointerfaces is meticulously crafted by the CuS nanoparticles anchored on rGO nanosheets (CuS@G). The out‐of‐plane C─S bonds effectively reduce the activation energy of sulfur atoms within Cu‐S tetrahedrons, facilitating the formation of S─S bonds in the Cu₂S crystal structure and driving the reversible phase conversion between Cu₂S and CuS during the charge/discharge process. Furthermore, a more reversible phase conversion could diminish copper ion dissolution induced by volume expansion. Consequently, the CuS@G cathode exhibits one of the most remarkable rate performances to date (160.5 mAh g−1 at 1 A g−1), retaining 64.7% of its capacity after 1000 cycles. Additionally, a durable CuS@G||Mg pouch cell is successfully assembled, delivering a high capacity of 9.5 mAh. These fundamental insights provide valuable guidance for the design of high‐performance conversion cathode materials for next‐generation RMBs.
High‐Throughput Multiplexed Plasmonic Color Encryption of Microgel Architectures via Programmable Dithering‐Mask Flow Microlithography
Authors: Yoo Byungcheon , Ryu Chaeyeong , Lee Seunghwan , Jeong Sanggyun , You Younghoon , Baek Dahye , Kim Dowon , Jeon Inkyu , An Ki‐Seok , Oh Jongwon , Lee Jiseok 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSilver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are known for their unique plasmonic colors and interaction with light, making them ideal for color printing and data encoding. Traditional methods like electron beam lithography (EBL) and focused ion beam (FIB) milling, however, suffer from low throughput and high costs. In this paper, a scalable and cost‐efficient method is introduced for producing multiplexed plasmonic colors by in situ photoreducing AgNPs within microgel architectures with controlled porosity. Utilizing a digital micro‐mirror device (DMD)‐based flow microlithography system combined with a programmable dithering‐mask technique, the high‐throughput synthesis of shape or barcoded microparticles is facilitated, along with large‐scale, high‐resolution images embedded with hidden multiplexed plasmonic colors. This approach allows for a hidden multiplexed plasmonic color code library, significant enhancing the encoding capacity of barcode microparticles from 33 to 303 (a 1000‐fold increase). Additionally, quantitative agreement is achieved between chemically encrypted and optically decrypted plasmonic colors using a deep learning classifier. Moreover, the method also supports the production of large scale (>5.6 × 5.6 cm2), high‐resolution (>300 dpi) microgel arrays encrypted with multiple plasmonic colors in under 30 min. The multiplexed plasmonic coloration strategy in microgel architectures paves a new way for hidden data storage, secure optical labeling, and anti‐counterfeiting technologies.
Orientation‐Selective Memory Switching in Quasi‐1D NbSe3 Neuromorphic Device for Omnibearing Motion Detection
Authors: Sun Ruo‐Yao , Hou Ze‐Yu , Chen Qing , Zhu Bing‐Xuan , Zhu Cheng‐Yi , Huang Pei‐Yu , Hu Zi‐Han , Zhen Liang , Zhou Fei‐Chi , Xu Cheng‐Yan , Qin Jing‐Kai 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIntelligent neuromorphic hardware holds considerable promise in addressing the growing demand for massive real‐time data processing in edge computing. Resistive switching materials with intrinsic anisotropy and a compact design of non‐volatile memory devices with the capability of handling spatiotemporally reconstructed data is crucial to perform sophisticated tasks in complex application scenarios. In this study, an anisotropic resistive switching cell with a planar configuration based on lithiated NbSe3 nanosheets is demonstrated. Benefitting from the highly aligned diffusive channel associated with a quasi‐1D van der Waals structure, the memristor patterned along NbSe3 atomic chains presents robust memory switching behavior with superior stability, particularly the low set/reset voltages (0.4 V/−0.36 V) and extremely small standard deviation (0.041 V/0.051 V), among the best compared to state‐of‐the‐art devices. More importantly, unlike traditional resistive switching materials, anisotropic ion migration in NbSe3 crystals leads to a high orientation selectivity in the conductance update. Custom‐designed neuromorphic hardware contributes to the implementation of omnibearing motion recognition for automatic pilot applications, yielding a high accuracy of 95.9% considering variations. This article presents a new strategy based on NbSe3 crystals to develop a neuromorphic computing system with intelligent application scenarios.