bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pre- and Perinatal Characteristics Associated with Apgar Scores in a Review and in a New Study of Dutch Twins
Authors: Odintsova Veronika V. , Dolan Conor V. , van Beijsterveldt Catharina E. M. , de Zeeuw Eveline L. , van Dongen Jenny , Boomsma Dorret I. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractA literature review was carried out to identify pre and perinatal characteristics associated with variation in Apgar scores in population-based studies. The parameters identified in the literature search were included in the classical twin design study to estimate effects of pre and perinatal factors shared and nonshared by twins and to test for a contribution of genetic factors in 1- and 5-min Apgar scores in a large sample of Dutch monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins. The sample included MZ and DZ twins (N= 5181 pairs) recruited by the Netherlands Twin Register shortly after birth, with data on prenatal characteristics and Apgar scores at first and/or fifth minutes. The ordinal regression and structural equation modeling were used to analyze the effects of characteristics identified in the literature review and to estimate genetic and nongenetic variance components. The literature review identified 63 papers. Consistent with the review, we observed statistically significant effects of birth order, zygosity and gestational age (GA) for 1- and 5-min Apgar scores of both twins. Apgar scores are higher in first-born versus second-born twins and DZ first-born versus MZ first-born twins. Birth weight had an effect on the 5-min Apgar of the first born. Fetal presentation and mode of delivery had different effects on Apgar scores of first- and second-born twins. Parental characteristics and chorionicity did not have significant main effects on Apgar scores. The MZ twins’ Apgar correlations equaled the DZ Apgar correlations. Our analyses suggest that individual differences in 1- and 5-min Apgar scores are attributable to shared and nonshared pre and perinatal factors, but not to genotypic factors of the newborns. The main predictors of Apgar scores are birth order, zygosity, GA, birth weight, mode of delivery and fetal presentation.
Well-Being of Turkish and Moroccan Youth in the Netherlands
Authors: Horoz Nil , Huizink Anja C. , Delforterie Monique J. , Creemers Hanneke E. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract. This study examined whether parental control, parental solicitation, and acculturation to the Dutch culture were related to the well-being of Dutch adolescents with Turkish and Moroccan backgrounds. Additionally, moderation by gender and ethnic background was tested. Cross-sectional data from 76 adolescents were used ( Mage = 16.7 years, female = 50%, Turkish background = 35.5%). Hierarchical regression analyses showed that parental solicitation was positively associated with well-being, whereas parental control and acculturation were not associated with well-being. Associations were similar between genders and ethnic backgrounds. Positive links between parental solicitation and well-being should not be overlooked, as well-being is critical for positive youth development, integration, and social cohesion.
Earth System Model Response to Large Midlatitude and High‐latitude Volcanic Eruptions
Authors: Obata Atsushi , Adachi Yukimasa 
Published: June 2019

AbstractWe used the Meteorological Research Institute Earth System Model to simulate the climate response to massive sulfur dioxide (SO2) emission from the volcanic eruptions of Paektusan (China/North Korea) and Eldgjá (Iceland) into the stratosphere in the tenth century Common Era (CE). Assuming 3 times the SO2 emission of the 1883 Krakatau eruption, as recorded by Greenland ice core sulfate concentrations, simulations of Paektusan and Eldgjá had roughly similar global mean impacts within 2 years of erupting: decreases in surface insolation (−10 W/m2, −5%), surface air temperature (−1 °C), land net primary production (NPP; −3 GtC/year, −5%), and soil respiration (−5 GtC/year, −10%). While both simulations had severe impacts on the extratropical Northern Hemisphere, the simulated response to Paektusan is twice as strong as Eldgjá in the tropics (cooling [1 °C], precipitation decrease [10%], and NPP increase [7%]). Simulation‐Eldgjá had almost no impact on the extratropical Southern Hemisphere because of its initial latitude. These regional differences combine so that Simulation‐Paektusan has slightly larger global mean impacts, including an atmospheric CO2 decrease of ~2 ppm. Tropical NPP primarily increases due to the fact that photosynthesis maximizes at temperatures below the tropical mean temperature and secondarily to the cooling‐induced decrease in respiration, which indicates relatively rich tropical harvests despite large volcanic eruptions. In contrast, the severe cooling (−2.5 °C) and decreased NPP (−20%) in the northern extratropics could mean poor harvests and famines, which can lead to social turmoil such as a rebellion in northeast Japan around the same time as the eruptions.
Shock Vaporization/Devolatilization of Evaporitic Minerals, Halite and Gypsum, in an Open System Investigated by a Two‐Stage Light Gas Gun
Authors: Kurosawa Kosuke , Moriwaki Ryota , Komatsu Goro , Okamoto Takaya , Sakuma Hiroshi , Yabuta Hikaru , Matsui Takafumi 
Published: June 2019

AbstractDry lakebeds might constitute large volatile reservoirs on Mars. Hypervelocity impacts onto ancient dry lakebeds would have affected the volatile distribution on Mars. We developed a new experimental method to investigate the response of evaporitic minerals (halite and gypsum) to impact shocks in an open system. This technique does not result in chemical contamination from the operation of the gas gun. The technique is termed the “two‐valve method,” and the gun system is located in the Planetary Exploration Research Center, Chiba Institute of Technology, Japan. We detected the vaporization of halite at 31 GPa and devolatilization from gypsum at 11 GPa, suggesting that impact‐induced volatile release from dry lakebeds has periodically occurred throughout Martian history. The vaporization of halite deposits might have enhanced the production of perchlorates, which are found globally on Mars. The water loss from gypsum possibly explains the coexisting types of Ca‐sulfates found in Gale Crater.
Role of Well Operations and Multiphase Geomechanics in Controlling Fault Stability During CO2 Storage and Enhanced Oil Recovery
Authors: Zhao Xiaoxi , Jha Birendra 
Published: June 2019

AbstractCO2 injection in active oil fields is a technology proposed for industrializing carbon storage operations. However, monitoring CO2 migration, oil recovery, and mechanical deformation within caprock and on faults is a challenging problem in large‐scale storage‐enhanced oil recovery operations due to intersecting faults, multiphase flow effects, and wells with complex production‐injection schedule. We develop and demonstrate a methodology based on our coupled modeling framework to monitor the movement of CO2, hydrocarbons and water, and the associated evolution in mechanical stability of faults during CO2 storage‐enhanced oil recovery in the Farnsworth Unit oil field in Texas, United States. The methodology honors geological, geophysical, and production‐injection data acquired in the field over six decades. Differential depletion from hydraulically isolated fault compartments followed by water and CO2 injection‐induced overpressure causes volumetric contraction and expansion of the reservoir, and changes in the total and effective stresses in the overburden‐reservoir‐underburden complex. CO2 migrates upward to accumulate near top of the geologic structure, and water migrates downward to pressurize the faults. Three‐dimensional changes in the pressure and stress fields in the system lead to changes in the shear and effective normal tractions on three major faults compartmentalizing the field. Evolution in fault tractions is used to compute the evolution in the Coulomb failure function of the faults to quantify induced‐slip tendency under production and injection. We explain the spatial heterogeneity and time variability of Coulomb failure function in terms of well location heterogeneity and well rate variability.
Genomic signatures of heterokaryosis in the oomycete pathogen Bremia lactucae
Authors: Fletcher Kyle , Gil Juliana , Bertier Lien D. , Kenefick Aubrey , Wood Kelsey J. , Zhang Lin , Reyes-Chin-Wo Sebastian , Cavanaugh Keri , Tsuchida Cayla , Wong Joan , Michelmore Richard 
Published: June 2019

AbstractLettuce downy mildew caused byBremia lactucaeis the most important disease of lettuce globally. This oomycete is highly variable and rapidly overcomes resistance genes and fungicides. The use of multiple read types results in a high-quality, near-chromosome-scale, consensus assembly. Flow cytometry plus resequencing of 30 field isolates, 37 sexual offspring, and 19 asexual derivatives from single multinucleate sporangia demonstrates a high incidence of heterokaryosis inB.lactucae. Heterokaryosis has phenotypic consequences on fitness that may include an increased sporulation rate and qualitative differences in virulence. Therefore, selection should be considered as acting on a population of nuclei within coenocytic mycelia. This provides evolutionary flexibility to the pathogen enabling rapid adaptation to different repertoires of host resistance genes and other challenges. The advantages of asexual persistence of heterokaryons may have been one of the drivers of selection that resulted in the loss of uninucleate zoospores in multiple downy mildews.
Chromatin interaction maps reveal genetic regulation for quantitative traits in maize
Authors: Peng Yong , Xiong Dan , Zhao Lun , Ouyang Weizhi , Wang Shuangqi , Sun Jun , Zhang Qing , Guan Pengpeng , Xie Liang , Li Wenqiang , Li Guoliang , Yan Jianbing , Li Xingwang 
Published: June 2019

AbstractChromatin loops connect regulatory elements to their target genes. They serve as bridges between transcriptional regulation and phenotypic variation in mammals. However, spatial organization of regulatory elements and its impact on gene expression in plants remain unclear. Here, we characterize epigenetic features of active promoter proximal regions and candidate distal regulatory elements to construct high-resolution chromatin interaction maps for maize via long-read chromatin interaction analysis by paired-end tag sequencing (ChIA-PET). The maps indicate that chromatin loops are formed between regulatory elements, and that gene pairs between promoter proximal regions tend to be co-expressed. The maps also demonstrated the topological basis of quantitative trait loci which influence gene expression and phenotype. Many promoter proximal regions are involved in chromatin loops with distal regulatory elements, which regulate important agronomic traits. Collectively, these maps provide a high-resolution view of 3D maize genome architecture, and its role in gene expression and phenotypic variation.
Structural basis for the inhibition of translation through eIF2α phosphorylation
Authors: Gordiyenko Yuliya , Llácer José Luis , Ramakrishnan V. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractOne of the responses to stress by eukaryotic cells is the down-regulation of protein synthesis by phosphorylation of translation initiation factor eIF2. Phosphorylation results in low availability of the eIF2 ternary complex (eIF2-GTP-tRNAi) by affecting the interaction of eIF2 with its GTP-GDP exchange factor eIF2B. We have determined the cryo-EM structure of yeast eIF2B in complex with phosphorylated eIF2 at an overall resolution of 4.2 Å. Two eIF2 molecules bind opposite sides of an eIF2B hetero-decamer through eIF2α-D1, which contains the phosphorylated Ser51. eIF2α-D1 is mainly inserted between the N-terminal helix bundle domains of δ and α subunits of eIF2B. Phosphorylation of Ser51 enhances binding to eIF2B through direct interactions of phosphate groups with residues in eIF2Bα and indirectly by inducing contacts of eIF2α helix 58–63 with eIF2Bδ leading to a competition with Met-tRNAi.
Quantum non-Gaussianity and secure quantum communication
Authors: Lee Jaehak , Park Jiyong , Nha Hyunchul 
Published: June 2019

AbstractNo-cloning theorem, a profound fundamental principle of quantum mechanics, also provides a crucial practical basis for secure quantum communication. The security of communication can be ultimately guaranteed if the output fidelity via the communication channel is above the no-cloning bound (NCB). In quantum communications using continuous-variable (CV) systems, Gaussian states, more specifically, coherent states have been widely studied as inputs, but less is known for non-Gaussian states. We aim at exploring quantum communication covering CV states comprehensively with distinct sets of unknown states properly defined. Our main results here are (i) to establish the NCB for a broad class of quantum non-Gaussian states, including Fock states, their superpositions, and Schrodinger-cat states and (ii) to examine the relation between NCB and quantum non-Gaussianity (QNG). We find that NCB typically decreases with QNG. Remarkably, this does not mean that QNG states are less demanding for secure communication. By extending our study to mixed-state inputs, we demonstrate that QNG specifically in terms of Wigner negativity requires more resources to achieve output fidelity above NCB in CV teleportation. The more non-Gaussian, the harder to achieve secure communication, which can have crucial implications for CV quantum communications.
Multi omics analysis of fibrotic kidneys in two mouse models
Authors: Pavkovic Mira , Pantano Lorena , Gerlach Cory V. , Brutus Sergine , Boswell Sarah A. , Everley Robert A. , Shah Jagesh V. , Sui Shannan H. , Vaidya Vishal S. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractKidney fibrosis represents an urgent unmet clinical need due to the lack of effective therapies and an inadequate understanding of the molecular pathogenesis. We have generated a comprehensive and combined multi-omics dataset (proteomics, mRNA and small RNA transcriptomics) of fibrotic kidneys that is searchable through a user-friendly web application: http://hbcreports.med.harvard.edu/fmm/. Two commonly used mouse models were utilized: a reversible chemical-induced injury model (folic acid (FA) induced nephropathy) and an irreversible surgically-induced fibrosis model (unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO)). mRNA and small RNA sequencing, as well as 10-plex tandem mass tag (TMT) proteomics were performed with kidney samples from different time points over the course of fibrosis development. The bioinformatics workflow used to process, technically validate, and combine the single omics data will be described. In summary, we present temporal multi-omics data from fibrotic mouse kidneys that are accessible through an interrogation tool (Mouse Kidney Fibromics browser) to provide a searchable transcriptome and proteome for kidney fibrosis researchers.
THETA system allows one-step isolation of tagged proteins through temperature-dependent protein–peptide interaction
Authors: Miura Kota , Tsuji Yusuke , Mitsui Hiromasa , Oshima Takuya , Noshi Yosei , Arisawa Yudai , Okano Keiko , Okano Toshiyuki 
Published: June 2019

AbstractTools to control protein-protein interactions by external stimuli have been extensively developed. For this purpose, thermal stimulation can be utilized in addition to light. In this study, we identify a monoclonal antibody termed C13 mAb, which shows an approximately 480-fold decrease in the affinity constant at 37 °C compared to that at 4 °C. Next, we apply this temperature-dependent protein-peptide interaction for one-step protein purifications. We term this THermal-Elution-based TAg system as the THETA system, in which gel-immobilized C13 mAb-derived single-chain variable fragment (scFv) (termed THETAL) is able to bind with proteins tagged by C13 mAb-epitope(s) (THETAS) at 4 °C and thermally release at 37–42 °C. Moreover, to reveal the temperature-dependent interaction mechanism, molecular dynamics simulations are performed along with epitope mapping experiments. Overall, the high specificity and reversibility of the temperature-dependent features of the THETA system will support a wide variety of future applications such as thermogenetics.
AMPK mediates the neurotoxicity of iron oxide nanoparticles retained in mitochondria or lysosomes
Authors: Huang Hui , Zhou Mengxue , Ruan Lifo , Wang Dongqing , Lu Huiru , Zhang Jiayu , Chen Jun , Hu Yi , Chai Zhifang 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Environmental factors may play a critical role in the etiology and pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the association of PD with specific chemical species remains largely unknown. Here we prepared three kinds of iron oxide nanoparticles and examined their cytotoxicity in a cellular model of PD. We found that lysosome-targeted nanoparticles showed significant cytotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells. Inhibition of AMPK could aggravate the neurotoxicity of lysosome-targeted nanoparticles as well as mitochondrion-targeted nanoparticles. Alteration of mitochondrial membrane potentials was found to be in agreement with the neurotoxicity of iron nanoparticles. These results suggested an important role of AMPK in regulating iron nanoparticle-associated neurotoxicity.
ATM rs189037 significantly increases the risk of cancer in non-smokers rather than smokers: an updated meta-analysis
Authors: He Xiaoxia , Wang Peng , Li Ying , Shen Na 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Rs189037 (G&gt;A) is an important functional variant with ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) gene, which might affect ATM’s expression involvement in several human cancers. Increasing evidence reveals that smoking-related cancers have distinct molecular characteristics from non-smoking cancers. Until now, the role of ATM rs189037 in cancer risk stratified by smoking status still remains unclear. To evaluate the association between ATM rs189037 and cancer risk based on smoking status, we performed this meta-analysis by a comprehensive literature search via databases of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and CNKI, updated till January 2019. Multivariate-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were extracted from eligible studies if available, to assess the relationship strengths. A total of seven eligible studies were included, comprising 4294 cancer patients (smokers: 1744 [40.6%]) and 4259 controls (smokers: 1418 [33.3%]). Results indicated a significant association of ATM rs189037 with cancer risk. In non-smokers, compared with GG genotype, AA genotype increased a 1.40-fold risk of overall cancer (OR = 1.40, 95% CI = 1.15–1.70, Pheterogeneity=0.433, I2 = 0.0%). Subgroup analysis in lung cancer (LC) also exhibited a significant result (OR = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.15–1.73, Pheterogeneity=0.306, I2 = 17.0%) only in non-smokers. However, the association was not observed in smokers, no matter for overall cancer or for LC. Our findings highlight that ATM rs189037 significantly increases cancer susceptibility in non-smokers, rather than in smokers. The association is prominent in LC.
Absence of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus in the tickHyalomma aegyptiumparasitizing the spur-thighed tortoise (Testudo graeca) in Tunisia
Authors: Fares Wasfi , Dachraoui Khalil , Najjar Chawki , Younsi Hend , Findlay-Wilson Stephen , Petretto Marie , Dowall Stuart , Hewson Roger , Zhioua Elyes 
Published: June 2019

Free-ranging spur-thighed tortoisesTestudo graeca, captured in different habitat types of Northern Tunisia from March to April 2017, were examined for tick infestation: 134/147 (91%) were infested. The overall infestation intensity and abundance was 8.5 and 7.8, respectively. From these tortoises, 1174 ticks were collected, of which 10% (n = 120) taken from 18 randomly-selected tortoises were identified at the species level; the remaining ticks were examined for the presence of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFv) by real time RT-PCR. Only adultHyalomma aegyptiumwere found, suggesting a high degree of host specificity to tortoises. No CCHFv was detected in ticks. Considering the absence of CCHFv inHyalomma aegyptiuminfesting its main host, the spur-thighed tortoise, this tick species is unlikely to play a major role in the epidemiology of CCHF. Therefore, more studies are needed to investigate the circulation of this arbovirus between livestock and other tick species from North Africa.
Trastuzumab in the Treatment of Pregnant Breast Cancer Patients – an Overview of the Literature
Authors: Goller Sophia S. , Markert Udo R. , Fröhlich Karolin 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBreast cancer is one of the most common malignancies which appear during pregnancy. Since women are increasingly not giving birth until they are at a more advanced age, it can be assumed that the incidence of pregnancy-related breast cancers will continue to increase in the future. Because of pregnancy-induced changes and conservative diagnosis, these carcinomas are frequently not detected until they are at an advanced stage and thus generally require systemic adjuvant therapy. The available data on optimal chemotherapeutic management are limited. Particularly for the use of the target agent trastuzumab which could crucially contribute to improving the prognosis in the therapy of HER2-overexpressing breast cancer in non-pregnant women, there is a lack of definitive information regarding the profile of action and safety in pregnancy as well as with regard to any long-term effects on the child. Thirty-eight pregnancies on trastuzumab for the treatment of breast cancer were able to be analysed in the literature currently available. Information can be gained from this and conclusions can be drawn which can individualise and decisively improve therapeutic options in the future for the pregnant breast cancer patient.
Effects of Supraphysiological Doses of Testosterone Cypionate and Stanozolol on Neuronal Density of Basolateral and Medial Amygdala and on the Anxious Behavior of Mice
Authors: Ribeiro Melissa , Freitas Ariane , Damião Bruno , Rossi Wagner Costa , Guerra Flávia da Ré , Soares Evelise Aline , Marques Petrus Pires , Esteves Alessandra 
Published: June 2019

AbstractSupraphysiological doses of anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) have been associated to possible nerve tissue damage and behavioral effects. Considering the lack of knowledge of the neural aspects involved in these behavioral alterations, this work aimed to analyze the anxious behavior response or aggressiveness, besides quantifying the neuronal density of the basolateral amygdala (BLA) and of the ventral posterior nucleus (VPN) of the medial amygdala. The animals received doses of testosterone cypionate (CT Group) and stanozolol (ST Group) twice a week for 33 days. The effects of chronic administration of AAS related to anxious behavior (as determined by the elevated plus maze [EPM] test) in male animals are observed in a lower number of entries (< 45.25%), and a shorter staying time spent in the open arms (< 41.9%) was observed in the ST. In female animals, a longer staying time spent in the closed arms of the EPM test was observed in the CT (> 15%) as well as a shorter staying time spent in the open arms for CT (< 17.1%) also to ST (< 52.1%). Regarding the neuronal density in BLA, a significant reduction in neuronal density of male animals (17.55%) was observed only in CT, whereas for females, significant differences were found in CT (19.16%) and ST (18.36%). The reduction of neuronal density in VPN in male animals was 13.55% in CT and 17.68% in ST, whereas in group of females it was 13.53% and 14.32%, respectively for CT and ST. Therefore, the two steroids used in this experiment were able to significantly reduce neuronal density in two analyzed areas, regardless of sex, suggesting that indiscriminate use of these substances causes death of brain amygdala neurons.
古藏文的系動詞
Authors: Shao Mingyuan 
Published: June 2019

抽象
7–10 世紀的吐蕃古藏文中具有 yin 和 lags 兩個系動詞，同時兩者還語法化為表達時體功能的助動詞。語用上，前者用於統稱，後者用於敬稱。句法上，系動詞在肯定性的陳述句中並非強制性的，而是可選性的，但當處於否定句，以及含有對比焦點時，往往不可省略。lags 的敬語功能使其通常用於他稱的語境中，這種句法環境和語用功能使其逐步獲得了「敘實」的示證意義。在此基礎上，經由語用推理，yin 便獲得了「向自我」的示證意義。後世大多數藏語支語言系動詞所表達的示證系統即在此基礎上發展而來。yin和 lags 在句法上的非強制性特徵，在其他藏緬語中也有表現，可以作為分析古藏文此類句法現象的有力佐證。