bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Possible Effect of Intravenous Immunoglobulin Therapy for Unexplained Secondary Recurrent Miscarriage
Authors: Saad F. A. , Shahata M. A. M. , Christiansen O. B. 
Published: July 2019

Objective. To review the role of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) in the prevention of recurrent miscarriage (RM). Methods. In a prospective controlled clinical tria], 40 women with a history of unexplained. RMwere treated with IVIG, according to a specific protocol and compared to another 40 women who had the same condition and treated with tender loving care and vitamins only. The birth of a child of more than 28 weeks gestation was considered a successful outcome.
Results. The overall success rate was 60% in the IVIG group compared with 52.6% in the control group (P = 0.65). The success rates for women with primary RM were 56.3% for IVIG group and 68.8% for the control group (P = 0.72). The success rates for women with secondary RM were 62.5% and 41.7% respectively (P = 0.25). None of the previous results is statistically significant.
Conclusion. Women with unexplained RM in general have a good prognosis. IVIG did not improve the prognosis significantly in the total group of patients compared with controls. However; further investigations are needed to explore whether the 21 % therapeutic benefit of IVIG in patients with secondary RM indicates that the treatment is efficient in this subset of patients.
Etiology and outcome of hemoptysis in Qatar, a high-resource country with a large expatriate population: A retrospective study
Authors: Al-Nesf Maryam Ali , Jerobin Jayakumar , Al-Alawi Abdul Aziz , El-Kassim Mohamad , Mobayed Hassan , Mohammed Tasleem Raza N. 
Published: July 2019

Background: Hemoptysis is an alarming symptom in clinical practice. We reviewed ten years of experience with hemoptysis in a tertiary hospital in Qatar to identify hemoptysis etiologies, patient characteristics, and associated factors. Methods: Hemoptysis was defined based on severity as mild ( < 50 ml or streaks of blood), moderate (50–150 ml) and massive (>150 ml) in the 24 hours before admission. Hemodynamically unstable is considered when systolic BP < 100 mmHg,tachycardia with HR>110/min, tachypnea with RR>22/min, or SpO2 < 92% on room air. Results: A total of 102 patients (41 females and 61 males) with 133 episodes of hemoptysis were identified in this study. Among the hemoptysis patients with co-morbidities, 19 patients had hypertension, 17 patients had cardiovascular disease, and 66 patients with other co-morbidities. COPD patients had a significant (p < 0.02) association with hemoptysis. Chest X-ray was used in most patients and other modalities like CT scan and bronchoscopies were used less frequently. Pneumonia (12.8%), bronchiectasis (11.8%) and cardiovascular disorders (11.8%) are the primary causes of hemoptysis. Malignancy was less frequent (7.8%), and bronchogenic carcinoma was uncommon (2%). There were 24 (23.5 %) no identified causes of hemoptysis. The overall mortality was 9.8% in this study. Conclusions: Population demographics played a significant role in the severity of hemoptysis and prognosis. Most patients had benign etiologies, lower severity of hemoptysis and good prognosis. Differences in the etiology, initial severity, and prognosis of patients with hemoptysis were found significantly different when compared with those reported in previous studies.
An Examination of Advocacy Education in Residency Training
Authors: Black Candice C. , Motta Amy 
Published: July 2019

Context.—
Pathology-related advocacy is best when performed directly by pathologists. Practicing advocacy is included in the Milestones 2.0 and should be introduced during residency training.

Objective.—
To understand advocacy education in residency training we surveyed pathologists to ask what training they had in residency, what resources were available, and what experiences were most impressionable.

Design.—
Two types of inquiry were performed. First, a survey to program graduates asking about leadership and advocacy activities during training and about leadership and advocacy activities since graduation. Secondly, focused email and telephone inquiries were made to 12 pathologists—4 in practice for more than 20 years, 4 within the first 10 years of practice, and to 4 PGY4 (postgraduate year 4) residents—asking what training and experiences were available to them, and how they became motivated to become active in practice.

Results.—
Our results showed that resources available outside of the home program have changed through the years and more national resident groups are available that were not available in the past. These groups may educate trainees in leadership and advocacy. Internally, opportunities to shadow faculty at interdepartmental leadership meetings, as well as selection of the chief resident, are enduring tools for honing these skills.

Conclusions.—
Teaching advocacy in training is important and part of the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education core requirements as well as a level 5 Milestone. Education may require a balance of internal and external resources since different programs may offer different opportunities. Shadowing during real advocacy events was the most impressionable experience.
Laboratory Staff Turnover: A College of American Pathologists Q-Probes Study of 23 Clinical Laboratories
Authors: Novis David A. , Nelson Suzanne , Blond Barbara J. , Guidi Anthony J. , Talbert Michael L. , Mix Pamela , Perrotta Peter L. 
Published: July 2019

Context.—
Knowledge of laboratory staff turnover rates are important to laboratory medical directors and hospital administrators who are responsible for ensuring adequate staffing of their clinical laboratories. The current turnover rates for laboratory employees are unknown.

Objective.—
To determine the 3-year average employee turnover rates for clinical laboratory staff and to survey the types of institutional human resource practices that may be associated with lower turnover rates.

Design.—
We collected data from participating laboratories spanning a 3-year period of 2015–2017, which included the number of full-time equivalent (FTE) staff members that their laboratories employed in several personnel and departmental categories, and the number of laboratory staff FTEs who vacated each of those categories that institutions intended to refill. We calculated the 3-year average turnover rates for all laboratory employees, for several personnel categories, and for major laboratory departmental categories, and assessed the potential associations between 3-year average all laboratory staff turnover rates with institutional human resource practices.

Results.—
A total of 23 (20 US and 3 international) participating institutions were included in the analysis. Among the 21 participants providing adequate turnover data, the median of the 3-year average turnover rate for all laboratory staff was 16.2%. Among personnel categories, ancillary staff had the lowest median (11.1% among 21 institutions) and phlebotomist staff had the highest median (24.9% among 20 institutions) of the 3-year average turnover rates. Among laboratory departments, microbiology had the lowest median (7.8% among 18 institutions) and anatomic pathology had the highest median (14.3% among 14 institutions) of the 3-year average turnover rates. Laboratories that developed and communicated clear career paths to their employees and that funded external laboratory continuing education activities had significantly lower 3-year average turnover rates than laboratories that did not implement these strategies.

Conclusions.—
Laboratory staff turnover rates among institutions varied widely. Two human resource practices were associated with lower laboratory staff turnover rates.
O Programa Tutoria Educacional (PTE) para a formação continuada de professores
Authors: Aranha Rudervania Da Silva Lima , Oliveira Selma Baçal 
Published: July 2019

Este artigo discute a materialização do Programa Tutoria Educacional (PTE) para formação continuada de professores da educação básica no munícipio de Manaus (AM). Trata-se da síntese de resultados de pesquisa empírica. Problematizando a implementação do Projeto de Expansão e Melhoria Educacional da Rede Pública de Manaus (PROEMEM) na rede pública municipal de ensino de Manaus, evidenciando a lógica do mercado educacional. Esses movimentos explicam as conjunturas marcadas pelos organismos internacionais no processo de globalização da reforma educacional, desempenhando o papel ideológico de propagadores dos ideais neoliberais. Tem como objetivo analisar a materialidade das políticas neoliberais estabelecida pela implantação do PROEMEM na Secretaria Municipal de Educação. O estudo de caráter crítico apresenta por meio de análise teórica e documental discussão acerca dos princípios que permitem eleger a parceria com o setor privado nas etapas da educação básica do ensino público municipal em Manaus, com a análise centrada nas categorias do público e do privado na educação.
Modificações Corporais: atores e significados a partir de uma websérie
Authors: Tomaz Eveline Ximenes , Neves Rui 
Published: July 2019

Considerando o crescimento da procura pelas Modificações Corporais (MC), em especial por jovens e adolescentes, este se efetiva como um tema importante a ser discutido no processo educacional. Na perspectiva de minimizar algumas preocupações associadas a estas ações, propõe-se mais conhecimento sobre seus adeptos, objetivos e significados. Utilizando a internet como fonte de promoção do conhecimento sobre as MC, este estudo tem suporte no Youtube, site de partilha de vídeo, com uma investigação centrada sobre a natureza das MC realizadas pelos sujeitos ao longo da sua vida. Elegemos a websérie Sautering, do conjunto de 8 episódios disponibilizados até a data de julho/2017, selecionando os 3 primeiros, para análise, envolvendo um total de dezesseis sujeitos entrevistados. Objetivos: i) caracterizar os utilizadores das técnicas de modificações corporais; ii) identificar o primeiro contato com as MC; e iii) descrever o significado dessas MC para cada sujeito. Em termos metodológicos tratou-se de uma abordagem qualitativa de caráter descritivo, com base na análise de conteúdo do discurso dos entrevistados. As modificações mais comuns são as tatuagens e os piercing; o interesse de fazer uso das MC desperta na adolescência, sob influencias diversas; os significados estão relacionados a fatos históricos importantes, gostos pessoais, personagens que admiram, registros de conquistas alcançadas e outros. Considerando-se a relação das MC com os riscos à saúde, a relação com a auto-estima e a formação da identidade, reforça-se a importância de inserir a temática em momentos de formação na escola, promovendo maiores conhecimentos e melhores esclarecimentos aos jovens e formadores.
Las relaciones entre España y Rusia durante el reinado de Felipe V (1722-1742) = Relationships between Spain and Russia during the Reign of Philip V (1722-1742)
Authors: Lázaro Urdiales Iván 
Published: July 2019

Los contactos entre las cortes de Madrid y San Petersburgo asistieron a un desarrollo sin precedentes durante la decimoctava centuria. A pesar de que los mismos llevaban dos siglos efectuándose, si bien es verdad que de forma intermitente y a través de embajadas concretas, el reinado del primer Borbón en España significó el establecimiento de los lazos entre ambas potencias sobre unas bases firmes. La base de todo ello, fue sin duda el establecimiento de embajadas permanentes en ambas capitales, cuya consecuencia directa fue una presencia diplomática constante en las mismas, unida a un intercambio continuo de información, relativa tanto a la realidad de los contactos entre estos reinos, como a las diferentes realidades de cada uno de ellos, muy distintas entre sí a la par que desconocidas en buena medida entre ellos. Las principales motivaciones para ello fueron las de carácter económico y político, que tuvieron diferente relevancia durante este periodo. AbstractRelations between the courts of Madrid and St. Petersburg underwent an unprecedented development during the eighteenth century. They had been developing for two centuries. This was done through the first founding embassies that existed only temporarily and so the development of relations at this time was somewhat sporadic. It was the reign of the first Bourbon ruler in Spain that established a real improvement in relations between the two powers on a firm basis. The foundation of all this, was undoubtedly the establishment of permanent embassies in both capitals, which brought about a constant diplomatic presence. There followed a continuous exchange of information between these two kingdoms. They also became aware of the different social and political situations in each of the two countries, that had previously been largely unknown to each other. The main reasons for this new relation involved economic and political considerations, which had also different influences in these two countries during this period.
Servir en la marina de Aranjuez en el Siglo XVIII: un destino deseado = Serving in the Navy in Aranjuez in the 18th Century: A Desirable Destination
Authors: Vázquez Lijó José Manuel 
Published: July 2019

Desde mediados del siglo XVIII, la navegación de recreo por el Tajo fue una de las diversiones primaverales de la corte durante las «jornadas» de Aranjuez. Allí se construyeron varias embarcaciones con lujoso empavesado para el recreo de la familia real, y otras auxiliares. Anualmente para su cuidado y equipamiento, y para la periódica limpieza del cauce del Tajo, desde el departamento naval de Cartagena se enviaron efectos y pertrechos, un número variable de hombres de marinería y de maestranza (carpinteros de ribera y calafates), y unos pocos de las brigadas de artillería. Este destino en las llamadas «jornadas» fue muy apetecible, por llevadero y bien retribuido en comparación con la dura prestación militar en la Armada. Por tal motivo, en general un mismo personal eventual sirvió en Aranjuez varios años, siendo un mérito que facilitaba su promoción profesional y la de sus hijos. Abstract From the middle of the 18th century, royal recreational navigation on the Tagus River, known as the «jornadas» of Aranjuez, was one of the court’s springtime leisure activities. At the same place they were built several ships as auxiliary vessels; these were decorated and dressed luxuriously for the entertainment of the royal family. The naval department of Cartagena was responsible for the care and equipment of the ships and carried out regular cleaning of the Tagus riverbed, an operation which took place every year. They would sent fixtures and fittings, and assign a number of seamen and skilled workers (carpenters and specialists in caulking), and a few personnel from the artillery brigades; the number of staff would vary accordingly. This work destination, so-called «jornadas», was very attractive being less demanding and better paid than the hard military work in the Armada. For this reason, as a general rule, the same personnel served in Aranjuez for several years, this was considered a privilege since it enabled their professional advancement and that of their children.
De una compañía comercial a la inserción en la élite cordobesa: los Fernández de Carreras (S. XVI-XVIII) = From a Trade Company to the Insertion in the Cordovan Elite: Fernández de Carreras´s lineage (16th-18th centuries)
Authors: Cañas Pelayo Marcos Rafael 
Published: July 2019

Los Fernández de Carreras, familia portuguesa establecida en Córdoba durante la Edad Moderna, son ejemplo de prosperidad comercial que se convierte en ascenso social. Con alto grado de especialización en los negocios textiles, sus conocimientos de las rutas económicas les hicieron extremadamente útiles para las élites locales andaluzas, siendo su integración mercantil muy exitosa. La carrera eclesiástica fue una parte integral de su auge en la ciudad. De cualquier modo, el cruce de los registros inquisitoriales y fuentes locales muestra que los primeros círculos de los Fernández de Carreras y sus mejores compañeros de negocios tenían una fuerte raigambre en la comunidad de cristianos nuevos cordobeses, supervivientes a los sangrientos años del inquisidor Lucero. Haciendo desaparecer las acusaciones y rumores sobre su pasado judeoconverso, miembros de la familia como el jurado Pedro Fernández Carreras o su hijo, el arcediano Melchor Fernández Carreras, lograron construir una sólida reputación para sus sucesores. AbstractA Lusitanian family that arose in Cordova during the Modern Age, the Fernández de Carreras’s lineage, is an example of commercial prosperity becoming upwardly mobile. With a high level of specialization in textile trade and networking skills that made them extremely useful for the Andalusian elite, their integration on the Cordovan economic circuit was very successful. Their ecclesiastical career was also essential to their rise. However, the crossing between inquisitorial registers and a range of local sources shows that Carreras’s first social background and best business partners and marriage strategies were heavily rooted in the cordovan new Christian community that survived the bloody years of Lucero’s Inquisition of Cordova. By eliminating all the accusations and rumours about being conversos, members of the family such as juror Pedro Fernández Carreras or his son, Archdeacon Melchor Fernández Carreras, were able to acquire a solid reputation for their successors.
Analysis of the Risk of Suffering Eating Disorders in young student university of Extremadura (Spain)
Authors: Benitez Ana , Sánchez Susana , Bermejo María Luisa , Franco-Reynolds Lourdes , García-Herraiz María Angustias , Cubero Javier 
Published: July 2019

Los Trastornos de la Alimentación (TA), la Anorexia Nerviosa (AN), Bulimia nerviosa (BN) y trastorno por atracón son trastornos de gran preocupación en el mundo occidental. Sus tendencias crecientes han llevado a los investigadores a tratar de explicar los factores implicados, sus causas y sus efectos, como una forma de contribuir a los esfuerzos para detener las tendencias de crecimiento.Nuestro proyecto de investigación se centra en el estudio del riesgo de padecer TA entre una muestra de 600 estudiantes de la Universidad de Extremadura (España). Dichos estudiantes están matriculados en doce de los grados ofertados por dicha Universidad.Los instrumentos de evaluación utilizados para los fines de esta investigación están el inventario-3 trastorno del RF (RF de EDI-3) y el cuestionario en español, IMAGEN (evaluación de la insatisfacción con la imagen corporal).Los resultados más significativos demuestran la existencia de un alto porcentaje de estudiantes en riesgo de sufrir TA. En las jóvenes alumnas se evidencia mayores tasas de insatisfacción corporal y de delgadez que sus compañeros masculinos que, por el contrario, demuestran más características de bulimia. Además quienes estudian grados de educación presentan tasas más altas de los factores de riesgo para sufrir tales como TC, la unidad de la delgadez y la insatisfacción de su propio cuerpo, en la situación opuesta se encuentran los grados de ciencias de la salud en particular los estudiantes de enfermería, probablemente como consecuencia de un mayor conocimiento biosanitario.

Eating disorders (ED), anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), and binge eating disorder are disorders of great concern in western world countries. Their rising tendencies have led researchers to try to explain the factors involved, their causes, and their effects, as a way of contributing to the efforts to stop the growing trends. Our research project focuses on the study of the risk of suffering ED amongst a sample of 600 students from the University of Extremadura (Spain). Said students are enrolled in twelve of the degrees offered by the University. The assessment tools used for the purposes of this research are the Eating Disorder Inventory-3 RF (EDI-3 RF) and the Spanish questionnaire, IMAGEN (Evaluation of Dissatisfaction with Body Image). The most significant results show the existence of a high percentage of students at risk of suffering ED. Young female students evidence higher rates of body dissatisfaction and drive for thinness than their male classmates who, conversely, demonstrate more characteristics of bulimia. Those studying education present higher rates of risk factors for suffering ED, such as the drive for thinness and their own body dissatisfaction, in the opposite situation are the health degrees in particular the nursing students, as a result of a greater bio health knowledge caused.
Effectiviness of a Brief Intervention on anti-smoking motivation in drug addict patients staying in a UHD
Authors: Valera Fernández Maria Rosario , SuárezPérez Raquel , Aceña Domínguez Rosa , Aliart Perarnau Xavier , González Cuello Ana María , Fonseca Casals Francina 
Published: July 2019

Justificación: Existe una asociación entre tabaquismo y TUS, especialmente con alcohol y cannabis. Sin embargo, las intervenciones sanitarias parecen no ir encaminadas a su enfoque.Objetivo: Evaluar el grado de motivación para el abandono tabáquico tras realizar una intervención psicoeducativa breve sobre abordaje del tabaquismo.Metodología: Se trata de una investigación cuantitativa de tipo analítico cuasiexperimental que se lleva a cabo mediante dos cohortes experimentales, del tipo pre- y post-intervención. Se aplica una intervención breve educativa y se evalúan las diferencias en la motivación para el abandono tabáquico en un grupo antes de la intervención y en otro grupo después de la misma. Resultados: Existe una diferencia de 1,27 puntos en el grado de motivación encontrado en los individuos respecto a los grupos experimentales. Conclusiones: Las personas drogodependientes son fumadoras con altos grados de dependencia nicotínica por lo que es preciso diseñar estrategias de cesación adecuadas.
Justification: There is a connection between smoking and substances use disorder, especially alcohol and cannabis. Nevertheless, health interventions seem not to be addressed to this approach. Objective: Evaluation of the motivation degree for the smoking quit after developing a brief psycho-educational intervention on smoking.Methodology: It is a quantitative research of analytical type, almost experimental, developed by means of two experimental series, of the types pre- and post- intervention. A brief educational intervention is applied and there is an evaluation of the differences in the motivation for the smoking quit in a group before the intervention and in another one after the intervention. Results: There is a difference of 1,27 points in the degree of motivation found in the individuals regarding the experimental groups. Conclusions: Drug addict people are smokers with a high degree of nicotinic dependence, so it is necessary to design suitable strategies of quitting. .