bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Core Content, Competencies, and Accreditation in US Global Health Fellowships: A Survey of Leaders’ Perspectives
Authors: Siegert Thomas F. , Gladding Sophia P. , Walker Patricia F. , Tupesis Janis P. , Steenhoff Andrew P. , Doobay-Persaud Ashti A. , Barnett Elizabeth D. , Sanders John W. , Hendel-Paterson Brett R. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT.
The number of global health (GH) fellowships in the United States has increased over the past two decades. However, there are currently no standard requirements, shared core content, or widespread systems of accreditation. With the growth in programs, it is appropriate to consider these issues. We conducted a national survey to understand GH fellowship leaders’ perspectives on the existence of core content and competencies and on the need for accreditation, including by the Accreditation Council of Graduate Medical Education (ACGME). We sent survey invitations to 123 fellowship leaders. Forty-five completed the survey (37%), representing seven specialties. Eighty-nine percent of respondents indicated that there is important core content for fellows to learn regardless of specialty; 30% indicated that accreditation would be “very” or “extremely” beneficial, whereas 21% indicated that it would be “not at all” beneficial. When asked what form of accreditation would result in training the most competent GH practitioners, 35% indicated that accreditation is unnecessary. Of those selecting a form of accreditation, the largest proportion (21%) selected accreditation from a professional society; 52% “disagreed” or “strongly disagreed” that ACGME accreditation is needed. More than 65% indicated that loss of training flexibility, funding restrictions, and increased administrative and fellow funding burdens are “very” or “extremely” important barriers. These results suggest that broad agreement on important core content exists across specialties, with a lack of consensus about the need for accreditation. More discussion with stakeholders, including international partners, is needed to understand their perceptions and build consensus before pursuing fellowship accreditation.
Domestic Violence: Modern Challenges and Areas of Counteraction In Ukraine
Authors: Teremetskyi Vladyslav Ivanovych , Sloma Valentyna Mykolaivna , Fedorenko Tetiana Viktorivna , Polyukhovich Oleg Ivanovych , Hryshko Viktoriia Ivanovna , Koropatnik Igor Mykhailovych , Karelin Vladyslav Volodymyrovych 
Published: November 2024

Objective: The purpose of the article is to determine the role and significance of the interaction between the police and society as the main factor in combating crime, taking into account Ukrainian and foreign legislation, different opinions of scholars and empirical data.

Theoretical Framework: The theoretical basis for this study is the scientific studies dedicated to fundamental issues of human interaction in modern conditions, the essence and general social significance of the institution of the family, as well as have thoroughly studied the problems of domestic violence.

Method: The methodological basis of the research is systemic, comparative and legal analysis, formal and legal method, interpretive method, as well as methods of analysis and synthesis.

Results and Discussion: A number of problematic aspects of the essence of combating domestic violence has been analyzed, which made it possible to form an understanding of this phenomenon as an extremely complex and multifaceted category that depends on a number of factors both at the individual and public levels.

Contributions: It has been concluded that it is important to distinguish the areas of combating domestic violence for a more complete understanding of this process, especially in terms of large-scale armed aggression and new digital challenges. In particular, it has been emphasized on such areas as the prevention of domestic violence by servicemen and veterans, as well as the active use of digital technologies in fighting against domestic violence.
AI-Driven Fraud Detection in Banking: Enhancing Transaction Security
Authors: Sabareesh R 
Published: November 2024

An important step forward in risk management and fraud detection has been achieved with the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the banking sector. In this paper, we take a look at how AI has revolutionized various fields, shedding light on the benefits and drawbacks of this technology. The effects of AI on risk management are complex. More complex credit risk assessment models are made possible by algorithms that can see patterns in massive datasets that people might miss. When it comes to market and liquidity issues, real-time transaction monitoring is absolutely essential for quick risk mitigation. Automating compliance with regulatory norms is another critical function of AI, which helps to decrease human mistake and assures quick adaptability to changes in regulations. The automation of mundane processes and the reinforcement of cybersecurity measures further reduce operational risks. By examining client behaviour and transaction data, enhanced algorithms may adeptly spot anomalies that could indicate fraud. Artificial intelligence's capacity to foresee future events enables it to foil possible fraud attempts. The systems are designed to respond to changing fraudster strategies with its adaptive learning feature.
Literary Modernism and Literary Modernity in the Middle East
Authors: Thompson Levi 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
This article puts Alexander Jabbari’s The Making of Persianate Modernity in conversation with Levi Thompson’s Reorienting Modernism in Arabic and Persian Poetry to explore the relationship between literary modernism and literary modernity in non-Western literary contexts. It highlights the authors’ parallel theoretical engagements of Michel Foucault’s “attitude of modernity” and modernists’ and modernizers’ reworkings of literary heritage through the sublation of premodern literary content and form into modern conceptions of literary history. Drawing on these parallels, the article reviews several points of convergence in contemporary Arabic literary historical analysis that limn Jabbari’s approach to the Persianate world, which crosses between Persian and Urdu, the naskh and nastaʿlīq scripts, and Iran and India. It seeks out connections in the work and thought of Jabbari’s interlocutors, such as Muḥammad-Taqī Bahār and N. M. Rashed; Iranian modernist poets Nīmā Yūshīj, Aḥmad Shāmlū, and Furūgh Farrukhzād; and the Arab “free verse” (shiʿr ḥurr) poets such as ʿAbd al-Wahhāb al-Bayātī and Badr Shākir al-Sayyāb. The article highlights how Jabbari’s book proves that literary historians in the Persianate world were subject to modernization discourse in making themselves modern and therefore covered up aspects of their premodern heritage that did not fit their modernizing projects.
Urdu, Persian, and (Even) English: Triangulating Postcolonial Literary History with The Making of Persianate Modernity
Authors: Burney Fatima 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
This article highlights the advantages of taking a triangulated approach to colonial and postcolonial literary history as modeled by Alexander Jabbari’s The Making of Persianate Modernity: Language and Literary History between Iran and India. Jabbari’s reconsideration of literary modernity through the synchronous and multilingual exchange between Persian, Urdu, and English letters softens some of the assumed hierarchies that dominate Persianate and Anglophone studies, particularly. It furthermore underscores the unique perspective that Urdu writing on literary modernity offers scholars of world literature in light of the former’s associations with Persian in an intellectual climate that chiefly valued indigenized historiographies of linguistic origin.
Jay Wright’s Errant Texts and the Idea of World Literature
Authors: Adeoba ’Gbenga 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
This article offers an analytical framework that places debates in postcolonial literature and transnational literature in dialogue. The juxtaposition of concepts from both renders legible the existence of what the author refers to as world literature’s errant texts. These errant texts, ’Gbenga Adeoba suggests, travel in a different form than current concepts of world literature allow and demonstrate world-making sensibilities. In the way they enact (re)worlding, world literature’s errant texts contest a marginalizing impulse and foreground polycentric alliances and aesthetic maps that assert relationality. The article proposes the poetry of Jay Wright as exemplary of such errantry and considers the multicultural and relational aspect of his poetics as his contribution to the contemporary conversation on world literature.
Performance of ChatGPT in emergency medicine residency exams in Qatar: A comparative analysis with resident physicians
Authors: Iftikhar Haris , Anjum Shahzad , Bhutta Zain A. , Najam Mavia , Bashir Khalid 
Published: November 2024

Introduction: The inclusion of artificial intelligence (AI) in the healthcare sector has transformed medical practices by introducing innovative techniques for medical education, diagnosis, and treatment strategies. In medical education, the potential of AI to enhance learning and assessment methods is being increasingly recognized. This study aims to evaluate the performance of OpenAI’s Chat Generative Pre-Trained Transformer (ChatGPT) in emergency medicine (EM) residency examinations in Qatar and compare it with the performance of resident physicians.
Methods: A retrospective descriptive study with a mixed-methods design was conducted in August 2023. EM residents’ examination scores were collected and compared with the performance of ChatGPT on the same examinations. The examinations consisted of multiple-choice questions (MCQs) from the same faculty responsible for Qatari Board EM examinations. ChatGPT’s performance on these examinations was analyzed and compared with residents across various postgraduate years (PGY).
Results: The study included 238 emergency department residents from PGY1 to PGY4 and compared their performances with ChatGPT. ChatGPT scored consistently higher than resident groups in all examination categories. However, a notable decline in passing rates was observed among senior residents, indicating a potential misalignment between examination performance and practical competencies. Another likely reason can be the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on their learning experience, knowledge acquisition, and consolidation.
Conclusion: ChatGPT demonstrated significant proficiency in the theoretical knowledge of EM, outperforming resident physicians in examination settings. This finding suggests the potential of AI as a supplementary tool in medical education.
Bacterial profile and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of common neonatal sepsis pathogens in Gulf Cooperation Council countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Jihwaprani Muhammad Candragupta , Sula Idris , Coha Daniel , Alhebshi Ahmed , Alsamal Mohamad , Hassaneen Ahmad M. , Alreshidi Mateq Ali , Saquib Nazmus 
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Neonatal sepsis (NS) is a major healthcare burden in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries, with a prevalence higher than the global average. Microbial drug resistance has major implications for mortality and morbidity from NS.
Objective: To synthesize data regarding the patterns of causative bacteria of NS in the GCC and their antimicrobial susceptibility profiles.
Methods: Following the exploration of four electronic databases, i.e., EBSCOhost, ProQuest, PubMed/MEDLINE, and ScienceDirect, eligible studies were identified (i.e., published between 2013 and 2023 and reported bacterial profile and/or antimicrobial susceptibility patterns). The outcomes included the pooled prevalence of bacteria and their susceptibility patterns. Proportion meta-analysis was performed for each outcome of interest.
Results: Fifteen studies were eligible (total positive cases = 2,473). Coagulase-negative Staphylococci (CoNS) (28.1%) were the most common gram-positive causative pathogen, followed by group B Streptococcus (GBS) (16.2%) and Staphylococcus aureus (9.9%); for gram-negative, Escherichia coli (12.7%) and Klebsiella species (11.4%) were most common. The susceptibility rates of these bacteria to first-line antibiotics were high; gram-positive bacteria had the highest susceptibility to ampicillin (72.8–98%), and gram-negative bacteria was most susceptible to amikacin (94.6–98%). Additionally, both gram-positive (67–77%) and negative (87–93%) bacteria exhibited high susceptibility to gentamicin.
Conclusion: The most common pathogens among NS patients were gram-positive. The pathogens, irrespective of stain test, were susceptible to the current antibiotic therapy. We recommend the judicious use of empirical antibiotic therapy to prevent the growing risk of antimicrobial resistance.
Wolfram alpha and maple as educational technology for future teachers of mathematics
Authors: Abramovich Sergei 
Published: November 2024

The paper’s purpose is to present technology-enhanced activities with triangular, square, and other polygonal numbers arranged in basic geometric shapes – equilateral and isosceles triangles and squares. The author’s review of recently published mathematics education papers found no use of computing technology in teaching polygonal numbers either at the college or the pre-college levels worldwide. This omission served as a motivation to share and discuss computational algorithms designed by the author for the summation of such numbers within each geometric structure. A method through which those algorithms were used with teacher candidates is based on the technology-immune/technology-enabled problem-solving pedagogy. This method can be recommended for the modern-day teaching of elementary number theory and other mathematical topics across multiple grade levels and educational programs. The activities, supported by Wolfram Alpha and Maple, can be used by instructors of technology-motivated mathematics teacher education courses. The paper argues that the power of digital tools allows future teachers of mathematics, in the context of elementary number theory, to appreciate the use of simple algorithms in achieving sophisticated computational outcomes. Reflective comments of teacher candidates (the author’s students) are shared to indicate the importance of the history of mathematics and the focus on mathematical visualization as a pedagogical approach aimed at conceptual understanding of the subject matter.
Law Concept related to Limitation Freedom of Contract Marriage Agreement in Indonesia
Authors: Liora Noela , Djumikasih Djumikasih , Dwi Qurbani Indah 
Published: November 2024

In this thesis, the author analyzes the legal obscurity of the limitations on the contents of Marriagel Agreement, which of course has an impact on legal certainty itself, especially regarding the parties' freedom of contract. This is because there is no further explanation regarding the words law, religion and morality in Article 29 paragraph 2 of the Marriage Law, so that if they are defined generally, according to the opinion of experts, they certainly have different meanings. The different meanings of several experts have an impact on the public's lack of understanding regarding these boundaries. Based on this obscurity, the author formulates a problem formulations, what is the ideal concept of setting limits on freedom of contract marriage agreement in indonesia?. The research method used in writing this thesis uses conceptual approach, statute approach and comparative approach by making a comparison with California. Using this method, it can be concluded that Regulations related to marriage agreements need to be amended regarding the regulation of limitations on the contents of marriage agreements, because there have been cases due to the extensive limitations on the contents of marriage agreements in Indonesia which have created uncertainty regarding marriage agreements. There are several concepts for changes in the regulation of marriage agreements in Indonesia, namely the existence of special regulations, the distinction between prenuptial agreements and marriage agreements, and the creation of details related to limitations.
Niet (meer) klagen over bestuurders
Authors: Schepel J.M. 
Published: November 2024

Niet (meer) klagen over bestuurders
De toepassing van de klachtplicht op bestuursaansprakelijkheid houdt al een paar jaar de gemoederen bezig. In lagere rechtspraak werd hier niet consistent over geoordeeld. In april 2024 schepte de Hoge Raad duidelijkheid. De auteur bespreekt dit oordeel. Is het terecht dat de klachtplicht bij bestuursaansprakelijkheid verleden tijd is?
Padrões atmosféricos associados a eventos de ressaca no litoral sul do Brasil
Authors: Marinho Yago Brito , Machado Jeferson Prietsch , Saraiva Jaci Maria Bilhalva 
Published: November 2024

O Litoral Sul do Brasil encontra-se em uma região em que ocorrem a passagem de ciclones extratropicais e de sistemas frontais que influenciam as condições de mar, através da formação de ressacas, causando impactos na costa, principalmente na atividade portuária, nos tripulantes, nas embarcações e na população que habita as regiões costeiras. Diante do exposto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi de realizar um estudo dos eventos de ressaca no Litoral do Rio Grande do Sul e de Santa Catarina e a variabilidade associada ao Fenômeno El Niño-Oscilação Sul (ENOS), a partir de Avisos de Mau Tempo da Marina do Brasil e dados de reanálise ERA5. Os resultados mostram que as ressacas ocorrem em qualquer época do ano, mas com maior frequência durante o outono e o inverno. Os padrões associados no outono e inverno, indicam a presença de um maior gradiente de pressão atmosférica na área de estudo, favorecendo ao predomínio de ventos do quadrante sul e o consequente empilhamento de água na costa. Por fim, através do cálculo da instabilidade baroclínica, foi possível observar que as ressacas ocorridas durante as fases neutra e positiva do fenômeno ENOS estão associadas a passagem de ciclones extratropicais e sistemas frontais mais intensos, quando comparados com períodos de La Niña.
Gjellestad introduction, background and historical framework
Authors: Paasche Knut , Loftsgarden Kjetil , Rødsrud Christian Løchsen 
Published: November 2024

This article was first published in "Vol. 88 (2024)" of Norsk Arkeologisk Årbok in 2024. In 2025 it was re-published in the second issue of Viking Special Volumes.
The spark that ignited this research project was the discovery of the Gjellestad ship in the autumn of 2018 by the Norwegian Institute for Cultural Heritage Research (NIKU). The surveying was initiated by Østfold County Council (ØCC) after a landowner planned to drain farmland (Figure 1). Archaeologists Lars Gustavsen and Erich Nau, both associated with NIKU, conducted the geophysical surveys that led to the uncovering of this amazing archaeological find.
The discovery attracted massive international interest, partly because in this particular landscape in Østfold County no one had ever found any evidence to suggest that a ship could be hidden below the ground – this “ship” was considered something of an anomaly. In 2019 the Directorate for Cultural Heritage (Riksantikvaren) funded the verification project to investigate the degree of preservation of the ship anomaly using Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR), as well as to collect material for radiocarbon-dating of other features detected with the GPR. The Museum of Cultural History (MCH) at the University of Oslo led investigations of the ship anomaly, while ØCC led the remaining part of the surveying, mainly through trial trenching and sampling. MCH’s investigations showed that the ship’s state of preservation was poor, with the remaining wood both fragile and prone to attacks from soft rot bacteria, causing uncontrolled deterioration. On the advice of the cultural heritage authorities, the government decided to cover the full cost of the excavation of the ship burial. This excavation was conducted in 2020-21 under the leadership of archaeologist Christian Løchsen Rødsrud.
The Metal Detectorist Finds from Gjellestad and Surrounding Areas
Authors: Simonsen Margrete Figenschou , Rødsrud Christian Løchsen 
Published: November 2024

This article was first published in "Vol. 88 (2024)" of Norsk Arkeologisk Årbok in 2024. In 2025 it was re-published in the second issue of Viking Special Volumes.
This chapter aims to give an overview of the archaeological finds from metal detecting at Gjellestad and surrounding areas, and to relate these finds to truncated archaeological structures recorded by the project’s extensive ground penetrating radar survey. Can areas with special functions like trade and handicrafts be identified? Furthermore, the study explores what kinds of kind of networks the finds represent and if is it possible to confirm areas with special functions like trade and handicrafts. The artefact material consists of 87 different objects, with a predominance of late Iron Age and later finds. The provenance for the metal finds can be traced to the Baltic and East Scandinavia, the British Isles, Central Asia and the Middle East. Spatially they cluster in three areas; an area with artefacts relating to daily use as well as weighing and handling valuables above settlement traces to the north; an area between today’s farmhouses and the Jell mound (Jellhaug) with ploughed up artefacts from burials; and to the south, near the Viking Age shoreline, is an area with artefacts connected to trade.
Gjellestad and other centres of power in Vingulmǫrk
Authors: Rødsrud Christian Løchsen 
Published: November 2024

This article was first published in "Vol. 88 (2024)" of Norsk Arkeologisk Årbok in 2024. In 2025 it was re-published in the second issue of Viking Special Volumes.
This chapter addresses the centre of power at Gjellestad through a comparative approach to other power centres – in the form of large manorial farms – in the region of Vingulmǫrk. Centres are areas with special position and function within a society and are identified through the plotting of elite indicators, including mound size, aristocratic settlement structures (halls or other large buildings), objects made of precious materials (gold), weapons, and imported objects. By mapping all these categories, it becomes evident that Gjellestad did not exist in solitude, but rater in relation to several other centres. Ten clusters, indicating centres of political power, are identified, and six of them are placed along the coast at regular intervals. The clusters show that the centres are in continuous use, but they also paint a dynamic picture with fluctuations and alternations in the marking of power over time. Gjellestad stands out as a latecomer, growing to prominence in the period 400-550 AD, and later reinforced by the ship burial in the early Viking Age.
Sporda Problem Çözme ve Bilişsel Esneklik
Authors: Şahin Ahmet 
Published: November 2024

Spor, sadece fiziksel yeteneklerin değil, aynı zamanda zihinsel süreçlerin de önemli rol oynadığı bir alandır. Sporcuların başarıya ulaşabilmesi için etkili problem çözme becerilerine sahip olmaları gerekmektedir. Bu bağlamda bilişsel esneklik, sporcuların performansını artıran kritik bir faktördür. Bilişsel esneklik, bireylerin değişen koşullara uyum sağlama yeteneğini ifade etmektedir. Sporcular, antrenman veya müsabaka sırasında beklenmedik durumlarla karşılaştıklarında, bilişsel esneklikleri sayesinde hızlı kararlar alabilir ve alternatif çözümler geliştirebilmektedirler. Bu yetenek, sporcuların sadece bireysel performanslarını değil, aynı zamanda takım dinamiklerini de olumlu yönde etkilemektedir. Yüksek bilişsel esnekliğe sahip sporcular, kaygı ve baskı altında daha iyi performans sergileyerek, stresle başa çıkma becerilerini geliştirmektedirler. Tüm bunlardan hareketle bu bölümde sporda problem çöze ve bilişsel esneklik arasındaki ilişki incelenmeye çalışılmıştır.