bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of a rapid HPLC method for quantification of the copper tetramibi tetraflourborate in a kit for preparation of Technetium 99 m Sestamibi Injection
Authors: de Bitencourt Fernanda Gobbi , Petersen Guilherme Oliveira , Garcia Cássia Virginia 
Published: January 2019

AbstractRadiopharmaceuticals are radioactive compounds that can be used for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Technetium (99mTc) Sestamibi is the most commercialized radiopharmaceutical in the world. It includes a coordination complex consisting of the radioisotope 99 m technetium bound to six copper tetramibi tetrafluorborate ligands, and is mainly used to image the myocardium via scintigraphy. As radiopharmaceuticals are regarded as drugs, they are subject to the same regulations; therefore, the objective of this study was to develop a quantification method for the active pharmaceutical ingredient before their complexation with the radioisotope by employing high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) methodology. A simple and efficient method (retention time = 2.5 min) was developed and validated for copper tetramibi tetrafluorborate in the final product using a buffer and organic solvent mixtures (ACN–methanol–ammonium sulfate buffer) and a C18 column. The analytical protocol was fast, taking around 30 min until evaluation of results. The validation parameters were evaluated with satisfactory results: in terms of linearity r > 0.99 (160–240 μg/mL) and no deviation was observed. The RSD of precision was <5%, and an average recovery of 99% was observed for accuracy. The proposed method was thus considered adequate for routine analysis in the pharmaceutical industries.
Long noncoding RNA DNAJC3‐AS1 promotes osteosarcoma progression via its sense‐cognate gene DNAJC3
Authors: Liang Ridong , Liu Zezheng , Chen Zhixu , Yang Yang , Li Yuejun , Cui Zhifei , Chen Ajuan , Long Zhenxue , Chen Jinbin , Lu Jiachun , Huang Bin , Li Qingchu 
Published: January 2019

AbstractLong noncoding RNAs have been proved to play essential roles in tumor development and progression. In this study, we focused on DNAJC3‐AS1 and investigated its biological function and clinical significance in osteosarcoma. We detected the expression of DNAJC3‐AS1 in 30 pairs of matched osteosarcoma and adjacent nontumorous specimens and osteosarcoma cell lines and analyzed association between DNAJC3‐AS1 levels and clinicopathological factors. We found that DNAJC3‐AS1 expression was up‐regulated in osteosarcoma. High level of DNAJC3‐AS1 was correlated with high differentiated degree (P = 0.018) and advanced Enneking stage (P = 0.016). Mechanistically, DNAJC3‐AS1 enhanced cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro and in vivo and reduced sensitivity of osteosarcoma to cisplatin. These effects of DNAJC3‐AS1 were reversed by down‐regulation of its sense‐cognate gene DNAJC3. Thus, DNAJC3‐AS1 promotes osteosarcoma development and progression by regulating DNAJC3 and might be a biomarker and therapeutic target for osteosarcoma.
Quinazolin‐4(3H)‐one‐Based Hydroxamic Acids: Design, Synthesis and Evaluation of Histone Deacetylase Inhibitory Effects and Cytotoxicity
Authors: Hieu Doan Thanh , Anh Duong Tien , Hai Pham‐The , Thuan Nguyen Thi , Huong Le‐Thi‐Thu , Park Eun Jae , Young Ji A. , Soon Kang Jong , Phuong Dung Phan Thi , Han Sang‐Bae , Nam Nguyen‐Hai 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe present article describes the synthesis and biological activity of various series of novel hydroxamic acids incorporating quinazolin‐4(3H)‐ones as novel small molecules targeting histone deacetylases. Biological evaluation showed that these hydroxamic acids were potently cytotoxic against three human cancer cell lines (SW620, colon; PC‐3, prostate; NCI−H23, lung). Most compounds displayed superior cytotoxicity than SAHA (suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid, Vorinostat) in term of cytotoxicity. Especially, N‐hydroxy‐7‐(7‐methyl‐4‐oxoquinazolin‐3(4H)‐yl)heptanamide (5b) and N‐hydroxy‐7‐(6‐methyl‐4‐oxoquinazolin‐3(4H)‐yl)heptanamide (5c) (IC50 values, 0.10–0.16 μm) were found to be approximately 30‐fold more cytotoxic than SAHA (IC50 values of 3.29–3.67 μm). N‐Hydroxy‐7‐(4‐oxoquinazolin‐3(4H)‐yl)heptanamide (5a; IC50 values of 0.21–0.38 μm) was approximately 10‐ to 15‐fold more potent than SAHA in cytotoxicity assay. These compounds also showed comparable HDAC inhibition potency with IC50 values in sub‐micromolar ranges. Molecular docking experiments indicated that most compounds, as represented by 5b and 5c, strictly bound to HDAC2 at the active binding site with binding affinities much higher than that of SAHA.
Bivalirudin with a post‐procedure infusion versus heparin monotherapy for the prevention of stent thrombosis
Authors: Shah Rahman , Latham Samuel B. , Porta Jennifer M. , Naz Arshi , Matin Khalid , Rao Sunil V. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the efficacy of post‐primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) bivalirudin infusion (at full PCI dose) to prevent stent thrombosis (ST) compared with heparin monotherapy.BackgroundEarly randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have shown that compared with heparin use, bivalirudin use during primary PCI is associated with an increased risk of ST. However, bivalirudin was stopped in those trials at the end of the procedure and glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPIs) were routinely used with heparin. The increased risk of ST may be eliminated by continuing bivalirudin infusion post‐procedure for few hours. Indeed, in most recent trials, a trend of lower ST risk has been observed with a post‐procedure infusion of bivalirudin compared with heparin monotherapy (without the routine use of GPI).MethodsRelevant RCTs were included and risk ratios (RRs) were calculated using random effect models. The primary outcome of interest was the risk of early definite ST.ResultsFour RCTs involving 13,505 patients were included in this meta‐analysis. Compared with heparin monotherapy, bivalirudin (with a post‐procedure infusion) was associated with a 55% decrease in the risk of early definite ST (RR: 0.45, 95% confidence interval: 0.23–0.85; P = 0.015). There was no difference in the risk of early ST between bivalirudin (with a post‐procedure infusion) and heparin with GPI.ConclusionsFor primary PCI, a bivalirudin‐based anticoagulant strategy (with post procedure infusion) is associated with a lower risk of early definite ST compared with treatment with heparin monotherapy (without GPI).
Predictors of clinical outcomes after coronary implantation of bioresorbable polymer sirolimus‐eluting Ultimaster stents in all‐comers: A report of 1,727 cases
Authors: Tadano Yutaka , Kotani Jun‐ichi , Kashima Yoshifumi , Hachinohe Daisuke , Watanabe Tomohiko , Sugie Takuro , Kaneko Umihiko , Kobayashi Ken , Kanno Daitaro , Fujita Tsutomu 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackgroundAlthough bioresorbable polymer sirolimus‐eluting Ultimaster stents (BP‐SESs) are likely useful for percutaneous coronary interventions (PCIs), the clinical data from real‐world cases are insufficient. Furthermore, the predictors of adverse clinical outcomes after BP‐SES implantation have not been fully investigated.ObjectivesThis study evaluated the 1‐year clinical outcomes after BP‐SES implantation in real‐world PCI cases and identified the predictors of adverse outcomes.MethodsIn this single‐center, all‐comers study, we consecutively implanted BP‐SESs in all patients who required coronary stents between October 2015 and August 2016. We conducted a clinical follow‐up assessment of these patients.ResultsThe sample comprised 1,727 patients; 67% were men, the mean age was 72 years, and 37% had diabetes. Of the 2,085 lesions detected, 88% were type B2/C lesions, 4% were chronic total occlusions (CTOs), and 23% were bifurcations. The cumulative incidences of target lesion revascularization (TLR) and target lesion failure (TLF) at 1‐year were 2.4% and 5.2%, respectively. A multivariate analysis revealed that hemodialysis (HD) (hazard ratio [HR] 8.40) and CTO (HR 4.21) were independent predictors of TLR. Stent sizes ≤2.5 mm were not associated with either TLR or TLF.ConclusionsThe current study indicates that patients on HD and those with CTO were more likely to experience adverse clinical outcomes after BP‐SES implantation. In contrast, small vessel diameter was not significantly related to adverse outcomes. The 1‐year clinical outcomes after BP‐SES implantation were found to be favorable among all‐comer PCI cases, including patients receiving HD and those with in‐stent restenosis.
Enantioselective Addition of Alkynyl Ketones to Nitroolefins Assisted by Brønsted Base/H‐Bonding Catalysis
Authors: Campano Teresa E. , Iriarte Igor , Olaizola Olatz , Etxabe Julen , Mielgo Antonia , Ganboa Iñaki , Odriozola José M. , García Jesús M. , Oiarbide Mikel , Palomo Claudio 
Published: January 2019

AbstractVarious sets of enolizable alkynyl ketones (including methyl ynones with α‐aryl, α‐alkenyl, and α‐alkoxy groups) were able to react smoothly with nitroolefins with the assistance of bifunctional Brønsted base/H‐bond catalysts to provide adducts with two consecutive tertiary stereocenters in a highly diastereo‐ and enantioselective fashion. Further transformation of the obtained adducts into optically active acyclic and polycyclic molecules, including some with intricate carbon skeletons, was also demonstrated.
Amphiphilicity Regulation of AgI Nanoclusters: Self‐Assembly and Its Application as a Luminescent Probe
Authors: Shen Jinglin , Wang Zhi , Xia Congxin , Sun Di , Yuan Shiling , Xin Xia 
Published: January 2019

AbstractResearch on the self‐assembly of various amphiphilic molecules is a relatively new research area and of great significance. However, new kinds of metal‐nanocluster (NC)‐based amphiphilic molecule have rarely been explored. Herein, hydrophobic cation 1‐hexadecyl‐3‐methylimidazolium (C16mim+) was chosen to modify hydrophilic (NH4)6[Ag6(mna)6] (Ag6‐NCs, H2mna=2‐mercaptonicotinic acid) and Ag6@C16mim‐NCs were obtained. Ag6@C16mim‐NCs displayed thermotropic liquid crystal and thermofluorescent properties. Moreover, the Ag6@C16mim‐NCs exhibits benign amphiphilicity, and it can self‐assemble into ordered nanosheets and nanorods through aggregation in water/dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) binary solvent mixtures, whereas single Ag6‐NCs do not. Meanwhile, the Ag6@C16mim‐NCs also displays aggregation‐induced emission properties owing to the restriction of intramolecular vibrations of the capping ligands. Furthermore, the luminescent aggregates could detect arginine selectively with the detection limit at 28 μm. This study introduces a new kind of metal‐NC‐based amphiphilic molecule in a supramolecular self‐assembly field, and they have potential to be used as optical materials in applied research.
Tailoring Covalent Organic Frameworks To Capture Water Contaminants
Authors: Fernandes Soraia P. S. , Romero Vanesa , Espiña Begoña , Salonen Laura M. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractCovalent organic frameworks (COFs) are attractive materials receiving increasing interest in the literature due to their crystallinity, large surface area, and pore uniformity. Their properties can be tailored towards specific applications by judicious design of COF building blocks, giving access to tailor‐made pore sizes and surfaces. In this Concept article, developments in the field of COFs that have allowed these materials to be explored for contaminant adsorption are discussed. Strategies to obtain water‐stable materials with highly ordered structures and large surface areas are reviewed. Post‐synthetic modification approaches, by which pore surfaces can be tuned to target specific contaminants, are described. Recent advances in COF formulations, crucial for future implementation in adsorption devices, are highlighted. At the end, future challenges which need to be addressed to allow for the deployment of COFs for the capture of water contaminants will be discussed.
N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Catalyzed Synthesis of Dihydroxybenzophenones from β‐Methylenals and Aurones
Authors: Chen Kun‐Quan , Luo Zhi , Gao Zhong‐Hua , Ye Song 
Published: January 2019

AbstractN‐heterocyclic carbene catalyzed synthesis of 2,2′‐dihydroxybenzophenones from β‐methylenals and aurones was developed. The cleavage of the C−O bond by a retro‐Michael addition is the key step from the spirocyclic intermediate to final product.
Chiral porphyrin imine manganese complex as catalyst for asymmetric epoxidation of styrene derivatives
Authors: Ananthi Nallamuthu , Enoch I.V. Muthu Vijayan 
Published: January 2019

AbstractNew chiral porphyrin imine was synthesized from (S)‐3‐benzyl‐2‐methyl‐4‐phenylbutanal according to dipyrromethane method using trifluoroacetic acid, BF3 etherate, and p‐chloranil. Manganese complex of this chiral porphyrin imine ligand was used as catalyst in the asymmetric epoxidation of styrene derivatives possessing different substituents. Styrene derivatives possessing electron withdrawing groups gave the corresponding chiral epoxides in high yield up to 98% and ee up to 99%. The mechanism for the catalytic asymmetric epoxidation was also discussed based on transfer of oxygen.
Catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation—A key role in heart failure therapy?
Authors: Tose Costa Paiva Beatriz , Fischer Thomas H. , Brachmann Johannes , Busch Sonia 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAtrial fibrillation (AF) and heart failure (HF) are epidemic cardiac diseases and are often detected in the same patient. Recent evidence suggests that this is not a mere coincidence but that the strategy of AF treatment may impact HF development. This review comprehensively summarizes current trial data on rhythm and rate control strategies in atrial fibrillation with a special focus on catheter ablation of AF in HF patients. For a long time, rate and rhythm control strategies for AF have been regarded as equal regarding long term mortality. Decision making has been based on the symptoms of patients. Current trials, however, show that the treatment strategy of AF and its effectiveness may significantly impact survival of HF patients. The benefits of rhythm control in HF patients may have been masked by side effects of antiarrhythmic drugs. If rhythm control, however, is achieved by catheter ablation, a reduction of HF related mortality can be observed. As catheter ablation of AF may reduce mortality in HF patients, AF ablation should be preferred over medical treatment in HF patients. In general, HF patients may profit most from rigorous AF treatment.
Association of obesity phenotypes with electrocardiographic subclinical myocardial injury in the general population
Authors: Vasim Izzah , Ahmad Muhammad I. , Mongraw‐Chaffin Morgana , Soliman Elsayed Z. 
Published: January 2019

BackgroundAs the debate continues about whether obesity in metabolically healthy individuals is associated with poor outcomes or not, investigating the association between the obesity phenotypes and markers of subclinical myocardial injury will help identify those at risk for future cardiovascular events (cardiovascular disease [CVD]).HypothesisWe hypothesize that obesity phenotypes including metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) is associated with subclinical myocardial injury (SC‐MI).MethodsThis analysis included 3423 participants (57.85 ± 13.06 years, 53.3% women) without known CVD from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) III. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to examine the cross‐sectional association between four obesity phenotypes (metabolically healthy nonobese (MHNO) [reference], metabolically unhealthy nonobese (MUNO), MHO, and metabolically unhealthy obese (MUO) with SC‐MI. SC‐MI was defined from the 12‐lead electrocardiogram as cardiac infarction/injury score ≥ 10 units. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) was defined according to the International Diabetes Federation consensus definition. Obesity was defined as body mass index ≥30 kg/m2.ResultsMUO was associated with higher odds of SC‐MI compared with MHNO (odds ratio [OR], 1.53; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.22‐1.92, P = 0.0005). This association was stronger in men vs women (OR [95% CI]: 2.20 [1.58‐2.07] vs 1.08 [0.79‐1.48]), respectively; interaction P‐value = 0.002) but was consistent in subgroups stratified by age and race. There was no significant association of MHO or MUNO with SC‐MI compared with MHNO, but there was a trend toward higher odds of SC‐MI in the MUNO group (P‐value for trend across MHNO, MUNO, and MUO = 0.0002).ConclusionsOur findings suggest that a combination of obesity and MetS confers worse prognosis and early preventive strategies aimed at weight loss and management of MetS components may decrease the risk of future poor outcomes.
Comparisons of efficacy, safety, and recurrence risk factors of paroxysmal and persistent atrial fibrillation catheter ablation using robotic magnetic navigation system
Authors: Zhao Xiao‐Xi , Li Ku‐Lin , Wang Ru‐Xing , Zheng Jie , Liu Xiao‐Yu , Dang Shi‐Peng , Yu Zhi‐Ming , Zhang Chang‐Ying , Yang Xiang‐Jun 
Published: January 2019

BackgroundNo data exist on comparisons of efficacy, safety, and recurrence risk factors of paroxysmal and persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation using robotic magnetic navigation system (MNS), respectively.MethodsAbout 151 AF patients were prospectively enrolled and divided into paroxysmal AF group (n = 102) and persistent AF group (n = 49). Circumferential pulmonary vein antrum isolation (CPVI) was performed in all patients. Linear ablation at the left atrial roof and mitral isthmus was performed in patients with persistent AF in addition to CPVI. The procedural time, X‐ray exposure time, acute and long‐term success rates of CPVI, and procedure‐related complications were analyzed. The AF recurrence rates in the two groups were compared during 1 year, and Cox regression was used to analyze the recurrence risk factors.ResultsThe acute success rates of CPVI in the two groups were 98.04% and 97.96%, respectively. There were no significant differences in the procedural time, X‐ray exposure time, and ablation time between the two groups (P > 0.05). No serious complications appeared in either group. The AF ablation success rates were 70.6% and 57.1% for the paroxysmal and persistent groups respectively at 12‐month follow‐up (P = 0.102). AF duration and coronary heart disease prior to ablation were associated with the higher AF recurrence in patients with persistent AF.ConclusionAblation using MNS is effective and safe both in patients with paroxysmal and persistent AF. AF duration and coronary heart disease prior to ablation are two independent risk factors of AF recurrence in patients with persistent AF postoperatively.
Origins of abrupt change? Postfire subalpine conifer regeneration declines nonlinearly with warming and drying
Authors: Hansen Winslow D. , Turner Monica G. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractRobust tree regeneration following high‐severity wildfire is key to the resilience of subalpine and boreal forests, and 21st century climate could initiate abrupt change in forests if postfire temperature and soil moisture become less suitable for tree seedling establishment. Using two widespread conifer species, lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta var. latifolia) and Douglas‐fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca), we conducted complementary experiments to ask (1) How will projected early‐ to mid‐21st‐century warming and drying affect postfire tree seedling establishment and mortality? (2) How does early seedling growth differ between species and vary with warming and drying? With a four‐year in situ seed‐planting experiment and a one growing season controlled‐environment experiment, we explored effects of climate on tree seedling establishment, growth, and survival and identified nonlinear responses to temperature and soil moisture. In our field experiment, warmer and drier conditions, consistent with mid‐21st‐century projections, led to a 92% and 76% reduction in establishment of lodgepole pine and Douglas‐fir. Within three years, all seedlings that established under warmer conditions died, as might be expected at lower elevations and lower latitudes of species’ ranges. Seedling establishment and mortality also varied with aspect; approximately 1.7 times more seedlings established on mesic vs. xeric aspects, and fewer seedlings died. In the controlled‐environment experiment, soil temperatures were 2.0°–5.5°C cooler than the field experiment, and warming led to increased tree seedling establishment, as might be expected at upper treeline or higher latitudes. Lodgepole pine grew taller than Douglas‐fir and produced more needles with warming. Douglas‐fir grew longer roots relative to shoots, compared with lodgepole pine, particularly in dry soils. Differences in early growth between species may mediate climate change effects on competitive interactions, successional trajectories, and species distributions. This study demonstrates that climate following high‐severity fire exerts strong control over postfire tree regeneration in subalpine conifer forests. Climate change experiments, such as those reported here, hold great potential for identifying mechanisms that could underpin fundamental ecological change in 21st‐century ecosystems.
Effects of salinity on microbialite‐associated production in Great Salt Lake, Utah
Authors: Lindsay Melody R. , Johnston Rachel E. , Baxter Bonnie K. , Boyd Eric S. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Microbialites, organosedimentary carbonate structures, cover approximately 20% of the basin floor in the south arm of Great Salt Lake, which ranges from ~12 to 15% salinity. Photosynthetic microbial mats associated with these benthic mounds contribute biomass that supports secondary production in the ecosystem, including that of the brine shrimp, Artemia franciscana. However, the effects of predicted increases in the salinity of the lake on the productivity and composition of these mats and on A. franciscana fecundity is not well documented. In the present study, we applied molecular and microcosm‐based approaches to investigate the effects of changing salinity on (1) the primary productivity, abundance, and composition of microbialite‐associated mats of GSL, and (2) the fecundity and survivability of the secondary consumer, A. franciscana. When compared to microcosms incubated closest to the in situ measured salinity of 15.6%, the abundance of 16S rRNA gene templates increased in microcosms with lower salinities and decreased in those with higher salinities following a 7‐week incubation period. The abundance of 16S rRNA gene sequences affiliated with dominant primary producers, including the cyanobacterium Euhalothece and the diatom Navicula, increased in microcosms incubated at decreased salinity, but decreased in microcosms incubated at increased salinity. Increased salinity also decreased the rate of primary production in microcosm assays containing mats incubated for 7 weeks and decreased the number of A. franciscana cysts that hatched and survived. These results indicate that an increase in the salinity of GSL is likely to have a negative impact on the productivity of microbialite communities and the fecundity and survivability of A. franciscana. These observations suggest that a sustained increase in the salinity of GSL and the effects this has on primary and secondary production could have an upward and negative cascading effect on higher‐trophic‐level ecological compartments that depend on A. franciscana as a food source, including a number of species of migratory birds.