bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors Associated with Unmet Supportive Needs in Adult Cancer Survivors in South Korea
Authors: Jin D-L , Kim Y A , Lee S J , Seo H-J , Yoon S-J 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Purpose
As the number of cancer survivors increases, addressing their unmet supportive care needs (USCNs) has become crucial. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of financial toxicity on USCNs and identify comprehensive factors associated with USCNs among adults’ cancer survivors.

Methods
A cross-sectional survey using convenience sampling from the 2022 Korean Population Census. Data were collected online between November 17 and December 15, 2022. The study included 1,038 cancer survivors aged 19 years or older who had completed primary treatment. Multivariable logistic regression was analyzed to identify factors associated with USCNs.

Results
Two-thirds (65.7%) of cancer survivors experienced severe financial toxicity, correlating with high unmet supportive care needs. Among those who reported a severe financial burden, a substantial 170 out of 187 respondents, or approximately 90.9%, were identified as having high unmet supportive care needs. Cancer survivors had the highest needs in the order of ‘management of psychological symptoms’ and ‘coping and emotional needs’. Cancer survivors diagnosed between 5 and 10 years ago were found to be less likely to report unmet supportive care needs compared to those diagnosed more recently, with an odds ratio of 0.14. Additionally, breast cancer survivors and individuals who were unemployed at the time of diagnosis had a higher likelihood of experiencing unmet supportive care needs, with adjusted odds ratios of 1.68 (95% confidence interval: 1.088-2.603) and 1.80 (95% CI: 1.125-2.891), respectively.

Conclusions
Cancer survivors with moderate to severe financial distress were more likely to be at risk of experiencing a high level of unmet supportive care needs. Coping and emotional needs are the most important concerns among the unmet needs of cancer survivors regardless of the time since cancer diagnosis.

Key messages
• Cancer survivors in South Korea with moderate to severe financial distress are twice as likely to face a high level of unmet supportive care needs.
• The most significant unmet supportive care needs among South Korean cancer survivors relate to coping and emotional support, highlighting the need for enhanced mental health services.
Unequal cannabis use among European adolescents: the mediating role of perceived access and risk
Authors: Perelman J , Ribeiro M , Alves J , Palladino C 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Cannabis use among adolescents is a public health concern, because of its association with the use of other illicit drugs, mental health disorders, and social problems. Most studies show that adolescents from low socioeconomic status (SE) background are more likely to use cannabis, but the causes of SE inequalities remain to be understood. We test whether access and risk perceptions of cannabis use among disadvantaged adolescents explain the SE gradient.

Objectives
The aim of this study was to measure the mediating effect of access perception and risk perception on the association between SE status and cannabis use among European adolescents in 2019.

Methods
A cross-sectional, observational, analytical study was conducted, among 16-year-old students, based on data from the European School Survey Project on Alcohol and Drugs (ESPAD) in 2019. The outcome was cannabis use (experimental, regular, and problematic) and the exposure was SE status (parental education and subjective social status). Mediating variables were perceived accessibility and perceived risk of cannabis use. We used logistic regressions, where the odds ratio (OR) reduction measures the part of the association explained by the mediators.

Results
Regular and problematic cannabis use was significantly more prevalent among adolescents with a lower SE background (low parental education and low subjective social status, p &lt; 0,001). This relationship remained significant after adjustment for perceived access and risk, and the modification of ORs was of a small magnitude (a non-significant reduction of the association).

Conclusions
Perceived accessibility and risk showed a weak mediating effect of the association between SE background and cannabis use. Consequently, these factors cannot be considered as major explanations for the higher use among worse-off adolescents. Reinforcing information or imposing stronger barriers in access may not help reduces SE inequalities in cannabis consumption.

Key messages
• Perceived accessibility and risk hardly explain the association between socioeconomic background and cannabis use among European adolescents.
• Reinforcing information or imposing stronger barriers in access may not help reduces socioeconomic inequalities in cannabis use.
New evidence on household financial protection against out-of-pocket payments for health in Poland
Authors: Tambor M , Pavlova M 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Protecting households against financial hardship when using health care is an integral element of universal health coverage. Previous analysis showed that in Poland, catastrophic spending on health is more common than in many European countries. Over the last decade, several measures were undertaken to reduce the burden of out-of-pocket payments for households in Poland.

Methods
The study aimed to assess financial protection in Poland using the indicators of catastrophic and impoverishing health spending. It relies on the methodology developed by the WHO Region Office for Europe. Catastrophic expenditure is defined as out-of-pocket payments that are greater than 40% of household capacity to pay. The study uses data from the Polish household budget surveys in 2013-2021.

Results
The incidence of catastrophic health spending remained relatively constant over the years analyzed, with 9% of households affected. Only in the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic (2020) it reached nearly 10%, although overall household out-of-pocket expenditure declined that year. The share of households impoverished or further impoverished due to out-of-pocket payments decreased from 4% in 2013 to 3% in 2021. Payments on medicines are the main driver of catastrophic spending, particularly among poorer households, although their role has diminished over time. Household’s available resources, gender, age, education, disability status, residence place, number of children, and household’s main source of income are significantly associated with catastrophic health payments.

Conclusions
Despite the implemented policies, household financial protection against out-of-pocket payments in Poland did not improve significantly between 2013 and 2021. Available evidence should be used to design well-tailored measures to reduce the burden of out-of-pocket payments, targeting the most vulnerable population groups and specific healthcare areas.

Key messages
• Household financial protection against out-of-pocket payments in Poland did not improve significantly between 2013 and 2021.
• Out-of-pocket payments for medicines are the main cause of financial hardship for Polish households.
Health selection in three cohorts of outmigrants, return migrants and non-migrants
Authors: Urquia M , Detillieux G , Debbarman S 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
The two main hypotheses behind the healthy migrant effect are selection of healthier migrants and the salmon bias. However, these hypotheses have not been thoroughly and simultaneously investigated in distinct cohorts due to data limitations.

Methods
Linking national and provincial immigration registers with health care utilization datasets at the Manitoba Centre for Health Policy, we assembled a cohort of 816,185 adults who resided in Manitoba, Canada and were followed up for at least one year between 1985 to 2023 to outmigration, return migration or death. We included three subcohorts of international immigrants (16.4%), interprovincial migrants (10.8%) and all other Manitobans (AOM) (72.8%). Within each subcohort, we matched ‘stayers’ who never migrated, outmigrants and returnees on sex, birth year and place of residence and compared their hospitalization rates and Charlson and Elixhauser comorbidity scores 1-year before outmigration and 1-year after return migration.

Results
Outmigrants had lower hospitalization rates than stayers among AOM [Adjusted Relative Rate (RR): 0.80; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.78, 0.82] and in the other two subcohorts. Comorbidity scores were also consistently lower among outmigrants compared to stayers in all three subcohorts, even after restricting to hospitalized cases. Outmigrants whose destination was another country were healthier than those who migrated to other provinces. Returnees had better health status than stayers upon return in the AOM subcohort only but lower than those who did not return at the time of outmigration in all three subcohorts.

Conclusions
Contrary to common belief, health selection is not restricted to international immigrants but also among interprovincial migrants and the local population. Migration dynamics may bias comparisons between population subgroups.

Key messages
• Migration is not only associated with positive health selection among international immigrants but also among interprovincial migrants and the local population.
• Selective migration may represent a source of bias in health-related population-based studies.
Social prescribers’ referral processes and decision-making about healthy eating and physical activity
Authors: Petre O , Allan J , Craig L , Douglas F , Kyle J , Stephen A , Thies F 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Social Prescribing (SP) connects primary care patients with non-medical sources of support within the community. There are various SP models, with different referral routes. Many involve patients being referred to a link practitioner, who considers their needs and then “prescribes” or links them to appropriate local support services or resources, typically provided by the third sector. The present study aimed to explore the SP process and the decision-making of link practitioners, particularly around food and physical activity practices.

Methods
Sixteen semi-structured interviews were conducted with link practitioners working across Aberdeen City. A pragmatic Thematic Framework analysis was undertaken.

Findings
Participating link practitioners described their approach with clients as building rapport and trust while maintaining boundaries and managing expectations, and their community role as resource mapping and networking. Three broad categories of factors were considered during referral: 1) practicality (e.g., location, transport, cost, mobility, availability), 2) clients’ engagement (e.g., interest, motivation, readiness for change), and 3) link practitioners’ past experiences with services. Challenges identified included navigating waiting lists and service limitations, clients’ engagement and expectations, under-resourced services, navigating waiting lists with caseloads and the emotional burden of seeing people in very difficult situations. All link practitioners considered diet and exercise to fit within the remit of social prescribing but emphasised that clients should lead this discussion. Dietary support via social prescribing typically revolved around poverty rather than health.

Discussion
The study provides insight into the practical reality of making social prescribing decisions and has the potential to inform training and evaluation processes and support the development of health-focused social prescribing lifestyle interventions.

Key messages
• Social prescribing – a personalised approach, with clients supported to identify and achieve their health and wellbeing goals based on their strengths and resources available in the local community.
• Social Prescribing - a promising platform for offering healthy eating interventions tailored to individual needs.
vEMstitch: an algorithm for fully automatic image stitching of volume electron microscopy
Authors: He Bintao , Zhang Yan , Zhang Zhenbang , Cheng Yiran , Zhang Fa , Sun Fei , Han Renmin 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundAs software and hardware have developed, so has the scale of research into volume electron microscopy (vEM), leading to ever-increasing resolution. Usually, data collection is followed by image stitching: the same area is subjected to high-resolution imaging with a certain overlap, and then the images are stitched together to achieve ultrastructure with large scale and high resolution simultaneously. However, there is currently no perfect method for image stitching, especially when the global feature distribution of the sample is uneven and the feature points of the overlap area cannot be matched accurately, which results in ghosting of the fusion area.ResultsWe have developed a novel algorithm called vEMstitch to solve these problems, aiming for seamless and clear stitching of high-resolution images. In vEMstitch, the image transformation model is constructed as a combination of global rigid and local elastic transformation using weighted pixel displacement fields. Specific local geometric constraints and feature reextraction strategies are incorporated to ensure that the transformation model accurately and completely reflects the characteristics of biological distortions. To demonstrate the applicability of vEMstitch, we conducted thorough testing on simulated datasets involving different transformation combinations, consistently showing promising performance. Furthermore, in real data sample experiments, vEMstitch successfully gives clear ultrastructure in the stitching region, reaffirming the effectiveness of the algorithm.ConclusionsvEMstitch serves as a valuable tool for large-field and high-resolution image stitching. The clear stitched regions facilitate better visualization and identification in vEM analysis. The source code is available at https://github.com/HeracleBT/vEMstitch.
Upper mantle flow and crustal deformation patterns beneath the Dangerous Grounds and Borneo where multiple plates converge in South China Sea revealed by 3-D anisotropic magnetotelluric imaging
Authors: Meju M A , Saleh A S , Karpiah A B , Das P S , Miller R V , Kho J H W , Alleyne B G T , Rice-Oxley E D , Legrand X 
Published: October 2024

SUMMARY
A large-scale magnetotelluric (MT) study was carried out in offshore Borneo to understand the lithospheric structure in this geologically complex region where three tectonic plates converge and past crustal studies generated long-standing debates. Marine MT data were acquired at 1416 stations with 3 km spacing along 13 regional lines (covering 4677 line-km) with periodicities of 0.1 to 10 000 s. These were inverted in 3-D incorporating electrical anisotropy with cross-gradients constraints between vertical and horizontal resistivities and the results were validated with resistivity well-logs from several exploration wells. The models reveal widespread presence of electrically resistive upper crustal and uppermost mantle layers, each underlain by a laterally varying conductive and anisotropic layer. The geometries of the anisotropic layers suggest large-scale ductile flow, thrusting and folding forming belts of alternating deep roots and thin lithosphere, consistent with multiple underthrusting/subduction. Our results are in agreement with the seismologically detected lithospheric variations in northern Borneo suggesting onshore–offshore continuity and a common lithospheric–asthenospheric origin for the deformation patterns. Over thinned lithosphere, we found consistent low resistivity and high anisotropy anomalies in the mantle above the spatial locations of fast shear-wave bodies imaged by recent seismological workers which we interpret to indicate post-subduction lithospheric–asthenospheric ductile flow in response to multidirectional regional compression. We demonstrate that these zones are spatially correlated with the distribution of mainly Cretaceous ophiolitic rocks and melanges exposed onshore and suggest that serpentinization of mantle peridotite can explain some of the anisotropic conductivity anomalies. The taper zones of these deep anisotropic conductors are also associated with Neogene sub-basins, high thermal gradients, and intrasedimentary magmatic bodies indicating a link between lithospheric thinning and magmatism. We propose that such anomalies could be important pathfinders for geothermal and natural hydrogen systems in the ongoing global drive for carbon-free energy resources.
Radon-domain acoustic and elastodynamic interferometric redatuming of VSP data
Authors: Xu Zhuo , Gong Xiangbo , Juhlin Christopher , Zhang Fengjiao , Li Xiaolong , Han Liguo 
Published: October 2024

SUMMARY
The virtual source method (VSM) is a useful tool for imaging and monitoring below complex and time-varying overburden. When it is applied to VSP geometries, the redatumed virtual source data often suffer from artifacts and aliasing due to the violation of theoretical acquisition conditions and partial focusing of virtual multiples, which further degrade seismic imaging quality. While the conventional Radon-domain VSM (R-VSM) mitigates these issues to some extent, it is still possible to improve upon the imaging. This study develops a simple and effective high-resolution Radon-domain VSM (HR-VSM) to effectively address these issues, offering superior noise and artifact suppression compared to traditional VSM and R-VSM. HR-VSM shows a strong performance across a wide range of VSP configurations and data types, especially in applications to multicomponent and passive seismic data, demonstrating its versatility and effectiveness in seismic exploration and showing potential for use in earthquake seismology. To extend subsurface illumination, we combined correlation-type and convolution-type HR-VSM for automatically redatuming virtual surface seismic profile shot gathers with a complete receiver array covering all surface source locations, without the additional pre-processing steps typically required by VSM. It was also tested on reverse VSP synthetic active data and passive seismic data, proving effective in constructing virtual shot gathers and showing potential for extending its use to earthquake data and ambient-noise seismology. Moreover, HR-VSM can perform elastodynamic interferometric redatuming, enabling the redatuming of pure P-P and pure P-SV waves from multicomponent VSP data. We applied HR-VSM to redatum virtual single well profile data containing fault-related P-P and P-SV reflections from VSP data, which were further used for fault imaging. Finally, HR-VSM was used to generate virtual crosswell data with receivers in both boreholes, eliminating the need for downhole sources. The obtained virtual crosswell containing direct waves, as well as P-P and P-SV reflections, enable constructing a velocity model and imaging the structure between wells.
An extension of the approximate component mode synthesis method to the heterogeneous Helmholtz equation
Authors: Giammatteo Elena , Heinlein Alexander , Schlottbom Matthias 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In this work, we propose and analyze an extension of the approximate component mode synthesis (ACMS) method to the two-dimensional heterogeneous Helmholtz equation. The ACMS method has originally been introduced by Hetmaniuk and Lehoucq as a multiscale method to solve elliptic partial differential equations. The ACMS method uses a domain decomposition to separate the numerical approximation by splitting the variational problem into two independent parts: local Helmholtz problems and a global interface problem. While the former are naturally local and decoupled such that they can be easily solved in parallel, the latter requires the construction of suitable local basis functions relying on local eigenmodes and suitable extensions. We carry out a full error analysis of this approach focusing on the case where the domain decomposition is kept fixed, but the number of eigenfunctions is increased. The theoretical results in this work are supported by numerical experiments verifying algebraic convergence for the method. In certain, practically relevant cases, even super-algebraic convergence for the local Helmholtz problems can be achieved without oversampling.
Experience with Aposematic Defense Triggers Attack Bias in a Mantid Predator (Stagmomantis carolina)
Authors: Schweikert L E , Chappell D R , Huang Z , Delpizzo G E , Wahi K , Saunders M O , Slye V E , Naughton L F , Rummelt N I , Bagge L E 
Published: October 2024

Synopsis
Studies of predator psychology in aposematism have suggested important effects of signal detection through space and time on outcomes of attack behavior. Both the integration of aposematic signals from prey and experience state of the predator can have important effects on attack decisions. The universality of these effects however, especially as it applies to non-avian predators such as arthropods, remains poorly understood. We examined the effects of multimodal aposematic signaling and prior experience with aposematism on attack latency and attack likelihood of the Carolina mantis (Stagmomantis carolina). Using artificial prey bearing visual and olfactory signals of the convergent lady beetle (Hippodamia convergens), we tested 2 cohorts of mantids (representing juvenile and adult stages) across 4 groups: visual only, odor only, combined signals, and control. We then used approaches in linear modeling to test the hypotheses that (1) prior experience with aposematism alters attack behavior toward aposematic prey and (2) multimodal signals have synergistic effects on attack behavior relative to either unisensory signal presented alone. We found support for the first hypothesis in that mantids employ attack biases against visual and olfactory aposematic signals, but only after prior exposure to aposematism and only as juveniles. While support is lacking for multimodal integration by the mantids, this study is the first to suggest a response of mantids to an aposematic olfactory signal (in addition to visual signal) and may suggest a developmental window for mantid predators to develop biases toward aposematic prey that are shaped by experience.
Ideological rug-pulling: race, reds, and red herrings in Jordan Peele’s Us
Authors: Roth Ben 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
Viewers of Jordan Peele’s 2019 Us are likely to approach the film expecting it to be about race. Undercutting current cultural orthodoxy about which marker of identity has priority, the story reveals itself instead to be about class, as doppelgängers emerge from underground to free themselves from the affluent originals allegorically oppressing them in a capitalist culture. In what Vera Tobin calls a “narrative rug-pull,” the revelation of the main character’s real identity invites viewers to reinterpret what they have seen and to rethink what their loyalties were and should be. Us thereby performs a rug-pull of a specifically ideological variety, as, prior to the reveal, viewers only make the specific interpretive assumptions they do because of deeper ideological ones. Where Tobin writes against the notion that cognitive biases are necessarily bad, since they can be deployed for aesthetic pleasure, I argue further that they can be weaponized in narrative to artfully combat ideological bias. There is untapped potential for rug-pulling to be used in ideology critique, though I end with some pessimistic caveats about the possibility of doing so in a capitalist culture.