bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hand-mixed vancomycin versus commercial tobramycin cement revisited: A study on mechanical and antibacterial properties
Authors: Ajit Singh Vivek , Chun Haw Bong , Haseeb Amber , Shuan Ju Teh Cindy 
Published: April 2019

Purpose: Arthroplasty-related infection has grown worldwide. Revision procedures for infection are associated with longer operating time, superior amounts of blood loss, and substantial economic encumbrance. To overcome cost, many surgeons opt for hand-mixed vancomycin into the bone cement. The objective of this research was to assess the biomechanical strength and antibacterial properties of hand-mixed vancomycin bone cement at different concentrations with commonly used industrial preblended antibiotic bone cement and plain cement. The target was to determine the ideal concentration of antibiotics that can be used in the preparation of hand-mixed vancomycin cement that delivers maximum antibiotics concentration without compromising its biomechanical properties. Materials and Methods: Vancomycin-impregnated polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) specimen was hand prepared in varying concentrations (1–4 g). The authors tested three-point bending strength to determine ‘maximum bending load’ and stiffness and its antibacterial activity by looking into the zone of inhibition on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus-impregnated agar plate. These were compared with the industrial preblended Simplex™ P with 1 g tobramycin. Results: This study exhibited that vancomycin-PMMA disk that contained higher concentration of antibiotics had significantly higher antibacterial activity. The control group (plain cement) and industrial PMMA with preblended antibiotic (tobramycin) showed stable mechanical strength, while the hand-mixed antibiotic cement (HMAC) had variable mechanical strength varying on the concentration of antibiotics used. Conclusion: It was effectively concluded that HMAC is advantageous as a cement spacer; however, it is not recommended for primary arthroplasty and second-stage revision arthroplasty. The recommended maximum concentration of vancomycin based on this study is 2 g/pack (40 g) of cement. Industrial preblended antibiotic cement is superior to hand-mixed cement.
Bilateral simultaneous chronic exertional compartment syndrome of the lateral forefoot: A case report (compartment syndrome of the forefoot)
Authors: Villatte Guillaume , Fadlallah Edouard , Erivan Roger , Fournier Pierre-Louis , Descamps Stéphane , Boisgard Stéphane 
Published: April 2019

A 20-year-old patient came to the sport medicine clinic for bilateral forefoot pain during sport activities (running) progressing for the last 3 months. Thanks to a positive measurement of the compartment pressure during a running test reproducing the symptomatology and exclusion of classical differential diagnosis, a bilateral chronic compartment syndrome of the lateral forefoot was confirmed. Three months after a surgical fasciotomy, the patient fully recovered. No previous study described this specific compartment of the forefoot. Level of evidence: IV.
Game-Related Impacts in High School Boys’ Lacrosse
Authors: Caswell Shane V. , Kelshaw Patricia , Lincoln Andrew E. , Hepburn Lisa , Dunn Reginald , Cortes Nelson 
Published: April 2019

Background: The rate of concussions in boys’ lacrosse is reported to be the third highest among high school sports in the United States, but no studies have described game-related impacts among boys’ lacrosse players. Purpose: To characterize verified game-related impacts, both overall and those directly to the head, in boys’ varsity high school lacrosse. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A total of 77 male participants (mean age, 16.6 ± 1.2 years; mean height, 1.77 ± 0.05 m; mean weight, 73.4 ± 12.2 kg) were instrumented with sensors and were videotaped during 39 games. All verified game-related impacts ≥20 g were summarized in terms of frequency, peak linear acceleration (PLA), and peak rotational velocity (PRV). Descriptive statistics and impact rates per player-game (PG) with corresponding 95% CIs were calculated. Results: Overall, 1100 verified game-related impacts were recorded (PLA: median, 33.5 g [interquartile range (IQR), 25.7-51.2]; PRV: median, 1135.5 deg/s [IQR, 790.0-1613.8]) during 795 PGs. The rate for all verified game-related impacts was 1.38 impacts per PG (95% CI, 1.30-1.47). Of these, 680 (61.8%) impacts (PLA: median, 35.9 g [IQR, 26.7-55.5]; PRV: 1170.5 deg/s [IQR, 803.2-1672.8]) were directly to the head (impact rate, 0.86 impacts/PG [95% CI, 0.79-0.92]). Overall, midfielders (n = 514; 46.7%) sustained the most impacts, followed by attackers (n = 332; 30.2%), defenders (n = 233; 21.2%), and goalies (n = 21; 1.9%). The most common mechanisms for overall impacts and direct head impacts were contact with player (overall: n = 706 [64.2%]; head: n = 397 [58.4%]) and stick (overall: n = 303 [27.5%]; head: n = 239 [35.1%]), followed by ground (overall: n = 73 [6.6%]; head: n = 26 [3.8%]) and ball (overall: n = 15 [1.4%]; head: n = 15 [2.2%]). Direct head impacts were associated with a helmet-to-helmet collision 31.2% of the time, and they were frequently (53.7%) sustained by the players delivering the impact. Nearly half (48.8%) of players delivering contact used their helmets to initiate contact that resulted in a helmet-to-helmet impact. Players receiving a head impact from player contact were most often unprepared (75.9%) for the collision. Conclusion: The helmet is commonly used to initiate contact in boys’ high school lacrosse, often targeting defenseless opponents. Interventions to reduce head impacts should address rules and coaching messages to discourage intentional use of the helmet and encourage protection of defenseless opponents.
Rehabilitation and recovery for ethnic minority patients with severe mental illness
Authors: Rotenberg Martin 
Published: April 2019

SUMMARYThere is growing evidence to support recovery and rehabilitation services and interventions for people with severe mental illness (SMI). However, those from ethnic minority communities face inequitable outcomes and access to mental health services and poorer functional outcomes. This article reviews the evidence and discusses facilitators and barriers in the recovery journey of people with SMI from ethnic minority groups. Although there is limited evidence for specific interventions for ethnic minority patients, areas for future study and action are discussed.LEARNING OBJECTIVESAfter reading this article you will be able to:•understand the scope of rehabilitation practices and interventions and evidence for use with ethnic minority patients with severe mental illness•describe differences and similarities in the conceptualisation of recovery by majority and minority ethnic communities•appreciate facilitators and barriers to rehabilitation and recovery for ethnic minority patients with SMI.DECLARATION OF INTERESTNone.
Synonymous but Not Silent: A Synonymous VHL Variant in Exon 2 Confers Susceptibility to Familial Pheochromocytoma and von Hippel-Lindau Disease
Authors: Flores Shahida K , Cheng Ziming , Jasper Angela M , Natori Keiko , Okamoto Takahiro , Tanabe Akiyo , Gotoh Koro , Shibata Hirotaka , Sakurai Akihiro , Nakai Takuya , Wang Xiaojing , Zethoven Magnus , Balachander Shiva , Aita Yuichi , Young William , Zheng Siyuan , Takekoshi Kazuhiro , Nakamura Eijiro , Tothill Richard W , Aguiar Ricardo C T , Dahia Patricia L M 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Context
von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease, comprising renal cancer, hemangioblastoma, and/or pheochromocytoma (PHEO), is caused by missense or truncating variants of the VHL tumor-suppressor gene, which is involved in degradation of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs). However, the role of synonymous VHL variants in the disease is unclear.

Objective
We evaluated a synonymous VHL variant in patients with familial PHEO or VHL disease without a detectable pathogenic VHL mutation.

Design
We performed genetic and transcriptional analyses of leukocytes and/or tumors from affected and unaffected individuals and evaluated VHL splicing in existing cancer databases.

Results
We identified a synonymous VHL variant (c.414A>G, p.Pro138Pro) as the driver event in five independent individuals/families with PHEOs or VHL syndrome. This variant promotes exon 2 skipping and hence, abolishes expression of the full-length VHL transcript. Exon 2 spans the HIF-binding domain required for HIF degradation by VHL. Accordingly, PHEOs carrying this variant display HIF hyperactivation typical of VHL loss. Moreover, other exon 2 VHL variants from the The Cancer Genome Atlas pan-cancer datasets are biased toward expression of a VHL transcript that excludes this exon, supporting a broader impact of this spliced variant.

Conclusion
A recurrent synonymous VHL variant (c.414A>G, p.Pro138Pro) confers susceptibility to PHEO and VHL disease through splice disruption, leading to VHL dysfunction. This finding indicates that certain synonymous VHL variants may be clinically relevant and should be considered in genetic testing and surveillance settings. The observation that other coding VHL variants can exclude exon 2 suggests that dysregulated splicing may be an underappreciated mechanism in VHL-mediated tumorigenesis.
Effects of maternal stress during pregnancy and up to two years after birth on risk of child overweight and obesity: Protocol for a Systematic Review
Authors: Cooney Jennifer , Flannery Caragh , Khashan Ali S. , Huizink Anja C. , Matvienko-Sikar Karen 
Published: April 2019

Background: Childhood obesity presents a significant public health challenge globally. The period from conception to two years after birth, the first 1000 days, represents a critical period during which the experience of maternal stress may be related to the development of childhood obesity. Research to date suggests some positive associations between maternal stress during the first 1000 days and childhood obesity, but findings are inconsistent and have not yet been comprehensively synthesised. The purpose of this review is to systematically examine the association between maternal stress during the first 1000 days and the risk of child overweight and obesity. Methods: The following electronic databases will be searched from inception using a detailed search strategy: the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, EMBASE, CINAHL, Maternity and Infant Care, and Web of Science. Cohort, case-control, and cross-sectional studies examining maternal stress during the first 1000 days and child overweight and obesity up to the age of 10 years will be included. Titles, abstracts and full articles will be screened by two investigators independently to identify eligible studies. A standardised data extraction form will be used to extract data including: study design; maternal stress exposure; child outcome; exclusion criteria; participant characteristics; and assessment methods. The Cochrane Collaboration’s bias classification tool for observational studies will be used to assess study quality. This protocol is reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses protocol (PRISMA-P) checklist, and the systematic review will be conducted and reported following the PRISMA checklist. If possible, random effects models will be used to perform meta-analyses. Ethics and dissemination: Ethical approval is not required for this study as it will not involve conducting experimental research, nor include identifying personal data. The systematic review will be disseminated in peer-reviewed journals. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42018100363
When and How to Diversify—A Multicategory Utility Model for Personalized Content Recommendation
Authors: Song Yicheng , Sahoo Nachiketa , Ofek Elie 
Published: April 2019

Sometimes we desire change, a break from the same, or an opportunity to fulfill different aspects of our needs. Noting that consumers seek variety, several approaches have been developed to diversify items recommended by personalized recommender systems. However, current diversification strategies operate under a one-shot paradigm without considering the evolution of preferences resulting from recent consumption. Therefore, such methods often sacrifice accuracy. In the context of online media, we show that by recognizing that consumption in a session is the result of a sequence of utility-maximizing selections from various categories, one can increase recommendation accuracy by dynamically tailoring the diversity of suggested items to the diversity sought by the consumer. Our approach is based on a multicategory utility model that captures a consumer’s preference for different categories of content, how quickly the consumer satiates with one category and wishes to substitute it with another, and how the consumer trades off costly search efforts with selecting from a recommended list to discover new content. Taken together, these three elements allow us to characterize how an individual selects a diverse set of items to consume over the course of a session and how likely the individual is to click on recommended content. We estimate the model using a clickstream data set from a large media outlet and apply it to determine the most relevant content to recommend at different stages of an online session. We find that our approach generates recommendations that are on average about 10% more accurate than optimized alternatives and about 25% more accurate than those diversified using existing diversification strategies. Moreover, the proposed method recommends content with diversity that more closely matches the diversity sought by readers, exhibiting lower concentration–diversification bias than other personalized recommender systems. Using a policy simulation, we estimate that recommending content using the proposed approach would result in visitors reading 23% additional articles at the studied website and deriving 35% higher utility. This could lead to immediate gains in revenue for the publisher and longer-term improvements in customer satisfaction and retention at the site. This paper was accepted by Chris Forman, information systems.
Effect of gold mining on total factor productivity of farmers: Evidence from Ghana
Authors: KUWORNU John K. M. , OSEI-ASARE Yaw B. , ANSAH Michael O. , MENSAH-BONSU Akwasi 
Published: April 2019

Gold mining comes with several benefits to developing countries, manifested mainly in the form of employment and revenue, but simultaneously impacts negatively on the immediate environment. It affects the economic structure including agriculture and its productivity. Hence, this study investigated the effect of gold mining on total factor productivity of farmers in Ghana using 110 cocoa farmers from Asutifi North and Asutifi South districts of the Brong Ahafo Region, categorised into mining and non-mining areas respectively. About 83 % of the farmers in the mining areas were affected by gold mining through channels such as land disputes, relocation of farm/residence, high cost of labour, illegal small-scale mining and dust settlement on crops. Also, about 64 % of cocoa farmers in the mining areas lost their farm lands (between 0.4 and 3.64 ha as a result of gold mining. The Tornqvist Total Factor Productivity (TFP) indices for cocoa farmers in the non-mining areas (mean TFP of 1.404) were also statistically higher than those in the mining areas (mean TFP of 0.371). The study concluded that gold mining activities adversely affect productivity of farmers in the catchment areas. The study recommends, among others, that a policy of land-for-land should be in place and effectively implemented to ensure that mining companies in order to enhance and ensure continuity of livelihoods must fully replace lands lost through mining activities.
Potential benefits and toxicity of nanoselenium and nitric oxide in peppermint
Authors: NAZERIEH Hossein , ORAGHI ARDEBILI Zahra , IRANBAKHSH Alireza 
Published: April 2019

Taking account of nano-compounds and biofortification, this research was conducted to evaluate peppermint (Mentha x piperita L.) responses to nano-selenium (nSe; 0, 2, and 20 mg l-1) and/or nitric oxide (NO; 0 and 8 mg l-1). Significant increases in leaf length, and area, and shoot fresh mass were enhanced by the low level of nSe and/or NO, contrasted with the high dose. The inhibitory effects of the high dose of nSe on the growth-related characteristics were significantly mitigated by NO. The adverse impact of nSe20 on chlorophyll concentration was alleviated by NO. The individual and combined treatments of nSe2 led to the significant inductions in the activities of nitrate reductase and peroxidase, whereas nSe20 inhibited. The proline contents in the nSe and/or NO-treated plants were higher than in the control. The nSe and/or NO provoked stimulation in activities of phenylalanine ammonia lyase enzyme. The foliar applications of nSe and/or NO triggered the accumulations of soluble phenols. Interestingly, the toxicity of nSe at the high dose led to the severe cell destruction in the cortex layer of the basal stem, which was partially alleviated by NO. The simultaneous applications of these supplements may consider as an alternative strategy for fortifying and improving plant protection, regarding sustainable agriculture.
Risk and risk management strategies of smallholder onion farmers in Sokoto state, Nigeria
Authors: OBALOLA Oyeyode Tohib , AYINDE Opeyemi Eyitayo 
Published: April 2019

The study examines risk and its management strategies among smallholder onion farmers in Sokoto State. Data were collected with the use of structured questionnaire designed to pull together information on the socioeconomic characteristics of the farmers in the area such as age, level of education, experience, family size, membership of farmer association, extension contact, risk preference of the farmers etc. Data was also collected on risk sources and risk management strategies. The primary data used were obtained from structured questionnaire administered to 120 randomly selected farmers. The analytical techniques that were used in the analysis of data were descriptive statistical tools such as means and percentages, Equally Likely Certainty Equivalent with a Purely Hypothetical Risky prospect (ELCEPH) technique and the 5-point Likert scale. The result showed that majority of the farmers are risk averse having a positive Arrow-Pratt absolute risk aversion coefficient.
The effect of sublethal concentrations of malathion on some biological parameters of the ectoparasitoid wasp, Habrobracon hebetor (Say, 1836)
Authors: ASADI Amin , KARIMI Jaber , ABBASIPOUR Habib 
Published: April 2019

The ectoparasitoid wasp, Habrobracon hebetor (Say, 1836) (Hym.: Braconidae) is one of the most important natural enemies of many pests in Iran. In this study, the effects of sublethal concentrations of malathion (LC10 and LC25) on biological parameters of the adult wasp including parasitism percentage, male production and longevity of the parasitoid in different growth stages (larvae, pupae and adult) were investigated. The experiments were conducted at 26 ± 1 °C, 60 ± 5 % RH, and 16L:8D h photoperiods. The effect of sublethal concentrations of malathion on adults was determined by exposure of wasp to insecticide, and in the case of larvae and pupae, immersion method was used. Based on the results, with the increase of toxic dose, the percentage of parasitism in adult decreased from 95.6 5% to 87.78 %, compared to the control treatment. Male production increased from 22.73 % in control to 56.38 % at LC25 concentration. Also, the percentage of parasitism of the malathion-impregnated wasp larvae decreased from 87.78 to 22.92%, compared to the control treatment. Male production from 30.94 % in the control increased to 39.63 % at the LC25 concentration. In addition, the percentage of parasitism in the wasp pupae impregnated with malathion was reduced from 93.33 to 88.89 %, respectively. Male production increased from 22.98 in the control to 37.23 % in the LC25 concentration. The data showed that pupae were more susceptible to sublethal concentrations than the larvae.
Dörfi, söli, muesi?
Authors: Edinger Eva-Christina 
Published: April 2019

Zusammenfassung
Environment-Behaviour-Settings beschreiben Umweltsituationen basierend auf der Annahme, dass die gebaute Umwelt uns zu einem bestimmten Verhalten leitet. In der Bibliotheksraumgestaltung wird versucht, sich dies zu Nutze zu machen. Irritierend ist jedoch, wenn trotz sorgfältiger Planung die jeweiligen Räume nicht in der vorgesehenen Weise genutzt werden. Gründe dafür können in der Widersprüchlichkeit der Environment-Behaviour-Settings gefunden werden. Auf der Basis von vergleichenden Fallstudien werden Methoden zur Ist- und Bedarfsanalyse von Bibliotheksräumen vorgestellt. Handlungsempfehlungen zur Entwicklung konsistenter Lernumgebungen in Hochschulbibliotheken schließen den Beitrag ab.
Die Masse macht’s: Digitalisierung der Briefsammlung Trew mit Kitodo
Authors: Roth Anna , Faust Jutta 
Published: April 2019

Zusammenfassung
Die Universitätsbibliothek Erlangen-Nürnberg digitalisiert die komplette Briefsammlung des Nürnberger Stadtarztes und Naturwissenschaftlers Christoph Jacob Trew (1695–1769) im Rahmen eines durch das Bayerische Staatsministerium für Wissenschaft und Kunst geförderten Projekts. Die Briefe werden anschließend im Kulturportal bavarikon präsentiert. Zur effizienten Steuerung des Digitalisierungsworkflows wurde an der UB Erlangen-Nürnberg die quelloffene Software Kitodo.Production eingeführt und über standardisierte Schnittstellen mit den im Bayerischen Bibliotheksverbund eingeführten Systemen zur Katalogisierung und Präsentation integriert. Das Tool soll für weitere Digitalisierungsprojekte genutzt werden.
The Design Technique of Melting Units for Production of Synthetic Fibrous Materials by Vertical Blowing Method
Authors: Sviatskii Vladislav , Bozek Pavol , Sokolov Mikhail , Łukaszczyk Zygmunt 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
This paper presents the technology of production of synthetic fibrous materials from PET-row by vertical blowing method. The formation of fibers from the melt of thermoplastics by vertical blowing method is accompanied by complex and specific phenomena, so creation of new progressive technologies, high-performance machines and units for producing such materials is impossible without process modeling, which can significantly reduce the number of natural tests, cost and development time and choose optimal operating modes. The motion of the molten material in the melting unit of the hydrostatic type is determined from the Poiseuille formula. Also in the article proved that the greatest impact on process productivity is made by the melting unit, exactly by outlet radius and the pressure change of compressed air, acting on the molten material surface. The increase in the height of the molten material column in the main cylindrical chamber of melting unit also leads to increase of process productivity.
Crystal structure of N-(3-methylphenyl)(propan-2-yloxy)carbothioamide, C11H15NOS
Authors: Yeo Chien Ing , Tiekink Edward R. T. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
C11H15NOS, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 21.0452(12) Å, b = 6.1447(4) Å, c = 17.1892(10) Å, β = 93.3520(10)°, V = 2219.0(2) Å3, Z = 8, R
gt(F) = 0.0291, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0854, T = 100(2) K.