bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of a Genomic Region between SLC29A1 and HSP90AB1 Associated with Risk of Bevacizumab-Induced Hypertension: CALGB 80405 (Alliance)
Authors: Li Megan , Mulkey Flora , Jiang Chen , O’Neil Bert H. , Schneider Bryan P. , Shen Fei , Friedman Paula N. , Momozawa Yukihide , Kubo Michiaki , Niedzwiecki Donna , Hochster Howard S. , Lenz Heinz-Josef , Atkins James N. , Rugo Hope S. , Halabi Susan , Kelly William Kevin , McLeod Howard L. , Innocenti Federico , Ratain Mark J. , Venook Alan P. , Owzar Kouros , Kroetz Deanna L. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Purpose: Bevacizumab is a VEGF-specific angiogenesis inhibitor indicated as an adjunct to chemotherapy for the treatment of multiple cancers. Hypertension is commonly observed during bevacizumab treatment, and high-grade toxicity can limit therapy or lead to cardiovascular complications. The factors that contribute to interindividual variability in blood pressure rise during bevacizumab treatment are not well understood.
Experimental Design: To identify genomic regions associated with bevacizumab-induced hypertension risk, sequencing of candidate genes and flanking regulatory regions was performed on 61 patients treated with bevacizumab (19 cases developed early-onset grade 3 hypertension and 42 controls had no reported hypertension in the first six cycles of treatment). SNP-based tests for common variant associations and gene-based tests for rare variant associations were performed in 174 candidate genes.
Results: Four common variants in independent linkage disequilibrium blocks between SLC29A1 and HSP90AB1 were among the top associations. Validation in larger bevacizumab-treated cohorts supported association between rs9381299 with early grade 3+ hypertension (P = 0.01; OR, 2.4) and systolic blood pressure &gt;180 mm Hg (P = 0.02; OR, 2.1). rs834576 was associated with early grade 3+ hypertension in CALGB 40502 (P = 0.03; OR, 2.9). These SNP regions are enriched for regulatory elements that may potentially increase gene expression. In vitro overexpression of SLC29A1 in human endothelial cells disrupted adenosine signaling and reduced nitric oxide levels that were further lowered upon bevacizumab exposure.
Conclusions: The genomic region between SLC29A1 and HSP90AB1 and its role in regulating adenosine signaling are key targets for further investigation into the pathogenesis of bevacizumab-induced hypertension. Clin Cancer Res; 24(19); 4734–44. ©2018 AACR.
Immunotherapy of Primary Brain Tumors: Facts and Hopes
Authors: Buerki Robin A. , Chheda Zinal S. , Okada Hideho 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
The field of cancer immunotherapy has made exciting progress for some cancer types in recent years. However, recent failures of late-phase clinical trials evaluating checkpoint blockade in patients with glioblastoma (GBM) represent continued challenges for brain cancer immunotherapy. This is likely due to multiple factors including but not limited to marked genetic and antigenic heterogeneity, relatively low mutational loads, and paucity of GBM-infiltrating T cells. We review recent and ongoing studies targeting the checkpoint molecules as monotherapy or in combination with other modalities, and discuss the mechanisms underlying the unresponsiveness of GBM to single-modality immunotherapy approaches. We also discuss other novel immunotherapy approaches that may promote T-cell responses and overcome the “cold tumor” status of GBM, including oncolytic viruses and adoptive T-cell therapy. Clin Cancer Res; 24(21); 5198–205. ©2018 AACR.
Multimodality Treatment of Desmoplastic Small Round Cell Tumor: Chemotherapy and Complete Cytoreductive Surgery Improve Patient Survival
Authors: Subbiah Vivek , Lamhamedi-Cherradi Salah-Eddine , Cuglievan Branko , Menegaz Brian A. , Camacho Pamela , Huh Winston , Ramamoorthy Vandhana , Anderson Pete M. , Pollock Raphael E. , Lev Dina C. , Qiao Wei , McAleer Mary Frances , Benjamin Robert S. , Patel Shreyaskumar , Herzog Cynthia E. , Daw Najat C. , Feig Barry W. , Lazar Alexander J. , Hayes-Jordan Andrea , Ludwig Joseph A. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Purpose: Desmoplastic small round cell tumor (DSRCT), which harbors EWSR1-WT1 t(11;22)(p13:q12) chromosomal translocation, is an aggressive malignancy that typically presents as intra-abdominal sarcomatosis in young males. Given its rarity, optimal treatment has not been defined.
Experimental Design: We conducted a retrospective study of 187 patients with DSRCT treated at MD Anderson Cancer Center over 2 decades. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were performed. We determined whether chemotherapy, complete cytoreductive surgery (CCS), hyperthermic intraperitoneal cisplatin (HIPEC), and/or whole abdominal radiation (WART) improve overall survival (OS) in patients with DSRCT. Critically, because our institutional practice limits HIPEC and WART to patients with less extensive, potentially resectable disease that had benefited from neoadjuvant chemotherapy, a time-variant analysis was performed to evaluate those adjunct treatment modalities.
Results: The pre-2003 5-year OS rate of 5% has substantially improved to 25% with the advent of newer chemotherapies and better surgical and radiotherapy techniques (HR, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.29–0.75). Chemotherapy response (log rank P = 0.004) and CCS (log rank P &lt; 0.0001) were associated with improved survival. Although WART and HIPEC lacked statistical significance, our study was not powered to detect their potential impact upon OS.
Conclusions: Improved 3- and 5-year OS were observed following multidisciplinary treatment that includes Ewing sarcoma (ES)-based chemotherapy and complete tumor cytoreductive surgery, but few if any patients are cured. Prospective randomized studies will be required to prove whether HIPEC or WART are important. In the meantime, chemotherapy and CCS remain the cornerstone of treatment and provide a solid foundation to evaluate new biologically targeted therapies. Clin Cancer Res; 24(19); 4865–73. ©2018 AACR.
Reference Ranges for Transvaginal Examined Fossa Posterior Structures in Fetuses from 45 to 84 mm Crown-Rump Length
Authors: Altmann Reinhard , Specht Christian , Scharnreitner Iris , Schertler Caroline , Mayer Richard , Arzt Wolfgang , Scheier Matthias 
Published: June 2018

<b><i>Objective:</i></b> The study aimed to describe reference values for structures of the posterior fossa in fetuses with a crown-rump length (CRL) between 45 and 84 mm. <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b> This was a prospective, cross-sectional study including 216 normal appearing fetuses. In transvaginal acquired 3-dimensional volume blocks, the longest diameter of the vermis (VE), posterior membranous area (PMA), medulla-oblongata-pons angle (MOPA), diameters of the medulla oblongata (MO) and pons (PO), and the area of Blake’s pouch (BP) were measured. Polynomial or linear regression analysis were performed to calculate the mean, 5th<sup></sup> and 95th centile according to CRL. In 20 fetuses, intra- and interobserver repeatability were calculated. <b><i>Results:</i></b> There is a curvilinear correlation between CRL and PO (PO [mean] = 1.3893 + 0.004356 × CRL + 0.000002610 × CRL<sup>3</sup>; SD = 1.6818 – 0.03765 × CRL + 0.000003831 × CRL<sup>3</sup>; R<sup>2</sup> = 0.489); CRL and MO (MO [mean] = 1.5959–0.001905 × CRL + 0.000003362*CRL<sup>3</sup>; SD = –0.1417 + 0.005404 × CRL + 0.0000004988 × CRL<sup>3</sup>; R<sup>2</sup> = 0.525); CRL and VE (VE [mean] = –0.3640 + 0.04302 × CRL+ 0.000001486 × CRL<sup>3</sup>; SD = 0.5854 – 0.004812 × CRL + 0.0000005896 × CRL<sup>3</sup>; R<sup>2</sup> = 0.643); CRL and PMA (PMA [mean] = 0.6901 + 0.04307 × CRL – 0.0000008459 × CRL<sup>3</sup>; SD = –0.4232 + 0.02026 × CRL – 0.000001320 × CRL<sup>3</sup>; R<sup>2</sup> = 0.272); CRL and BP (mm<sup>2</sup>; BP [mean] –12.2067 + 0.3334 × CRL – 0.00001262 × CRL<sup>3</sup>; SD = –1.6431 + 0.06380 × CRL+ 0.0000003257 × CRL<sup>3</sup>; R<sup>2</sup> = 0.289). The relation between CRL and MOPA (°) is best described by a linear regression (MOPA [mean] = 79.6332 + 0.6122 × CRL; SD = 4.8453 + 0.07333 × CRL; R<sup>2</sup> = 0.318). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> We provide reference values for anatomical structures of the posterior fossa of fetuses between 45 and 84 mm CRL. The established reference values might ease the diagnosis of fetal malformations in early pregnancy.
Not All Insurance Is Equal: Differential Treatment and Health Outcomes by Insurance Coverage Among Nonelderly Adult Patients With Heart Attack
Authors: Niedzwiecki Matthew J. , Hsia Renee Y. , Shen Yu‐Chu 
Published: June 2018

Background
The Affordable Care Act has provided health insurance to a large portion of the uninsured in the United States. However, different types of health insurance provide varying amounts of reimbursements to providers, which may lead to different types of treatment, potentially worsening health outcomes in patients covered by low‐reimbursement insurance plans, such as Medicaid. The objective was to determine differences in access, treatment, and health outcomes by insurance type, using hospital fixed effects.

Methods and Results
We conducted a multivariate regression analysis using patient‐level data for nonelderly adult patients with acute myocardial infarction in California from January 1, 2001, to December 31, 2014, as well as hospital‐level information to control for differences between hospitals. The probability of Medicaid‐insured and uninsured patients having access to catheterization laboratory was higher by 4.50 and 3.75 percentage points, respectively, relative to privately insured patients. When controlling for access to percutaneous coronary intervention facilities, however, Medicaid‐insured and uninsured patients had a 4.24– and 0.85–percentage point lower probability, respectively, in receiving percutaneous coronary intervention treatment compared with privately insured patients. They also had higher mortality and readmission rates relative to privately insured patients.

Conclusions
Although Medicaid‐insured and uninsured patients with acute myocardial infarction had better access to catheterization laboratories, they had significantly lower probabilities of receiving percutaneous coronary intervention treatment and a higher likelihood of death and readmission compared with privately insured patients. This provides empirical evidence that treatment received and health outcomes strongly vary between Medicaid‐insured, uninsured, and privately insured patients, with Medicaid‐insured patients most disproportionately affected, despite having better access to cardiac technology.
Stress and Achievement of Cardiovascular Health Metrics: The American Heart Association Life's Simple 7 in Blacks of the Jackson Heart Study
Authors: Brewer LaPrincess C. , Redmond Nicole , Slusser Joshua P. , Scott Christopher G. , Chamberlain Alanna M. , Djousse Luc , Patten Christi A. , Roger Veronique L. , Sims Mario 
Published: June 2018

Background
Ideal cardiovascular health metrics (defined by the American Heart Association Life's Simple 7 [LS7]) are suboptimal among blacks, which results in high risk of cardiovascular disease. We examined the association of multiple stressors with LS7 components among blacks.

Methods and Results
Using a community‐based cohort of blacks (N=4383), we examined associations of chronic stress, minor stressors, major life events, and a cumulative stress score with LS7 components (smoking, diet, physical activity, body mass index, blood pressure, total cholesterol, and fasting plasma glucose) and an LS7 composite score. Multivariable logistic regression assessed the odds of achieving intermediate/ideal levels of cardiovascular health adjusted for demographic, socioeconomic, behavioral, and biomedical factors. The LS7 components with the lowest percentages of intermediate/ideal cardiovascular health levels were diet (39%), body mass index (47%), and physical activity (51%). Higher chronic, minor, and cumulative stress scores were associated with decreased odds (odds ratio [OR]) of achieving intermediate/ideal levels for smoking (OR [95% confidence interval], 0.80 [0.73–0.88], 0.84 [0.75–0.94], and 0.81 [0.74–0.90], respectively). Participants with more major life events had decreased odds of achieving intermediate/ideal levels for smoking (OR, 0.84; 95% confidence interval, 0.76–0.92) and fasting plasma glucose (OR, 0.90; 95% confidence interval, 0.82–0.98). Those with higher scores for minor stressors and major life events were less likely to achieve intermediate or ideal LS7 composite scores (OR [95% confidence interval], 0.89 [0.81–0.97] and 0.91 [0.84–0.98], respectively).

Conclusions
Blacks with higher levels of multiple stress measures are less likely to achieve intermediate or ideal levels of overall cardiovascular health (LS7 composite score), specific behaviors (smoking), and biological factors (fasting plasma glucose).
“It is Your Right to Buy a Divorce”: Judicial Khuluu in Zanzibar
Authors: Stiles Erin E. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractJudicialkhuluu(&lt;Ar.khulʿ) in Zanzibar differs from judicialkhulʿin Arab countries that have recently introduced it through legislative reform. In Zanzibar’s Islamic courts,khuluuis used primarily as a judicial mechanism for ending a marriage when a judge determines a wife to be responsible for the breakdown of the marriage. Zanzibari women rarely file forkhuluubecause it is expensive and is associated with a woman’s failure in her marriage. Herein, I explain why judges in Zanzibar regardkhuluuas a punitive measure that can be used to end a marriage when a woman is determined to be responsible for the marital discord, or when there are no grounds for judicial dissolution throughfasikhi(&lt;Ar.faskh, annulment).I also show that judges viewkhuluuas a right that a woman can exercise to extricate herself from marriage, a right that judges sometimes encourage in court.
Bitches, Fishes, and Monsters: Prison Slang and Nonhuman Animal Terminology
Authors: Hill Joshua B. , Banks Julie 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe adult prison population in the U.S. is one of the most important, marginalized, yet misunderstood groups within the country. Not only is the population larger than those of other industrialized nations, but the prisons themselves also tend to be more punitive in nature. While there have been many proposed reasons for this, ranging from differences in the “American Character” to the increasing severity of mandatory sentencing guidelines, explanations of the American prisoner setting remain thin. One area that has relevance to this topic but in which there has been little research is the language used to describe prisoners. This language is replete with images of nonhuman animals. Examples and explanations of this phenomenon are provided through the inspection of the lexicons and argots (“prison slang”) for animal themes, and implications regarding implicit power relationships and the effects on both prisoners and nonhuman animals stemming from this language are explored.
Evaluation of Modeled Lake Breezes Using an Enhanced Observational Network in Southern Ontario: Case Studies
Authors: Dehghan Armin , Mariani Zen , Leroyer Sylvie , Sills David , Bélair Stéphane , Joe Paul 
Published: June 2018

AbstractCanadian Global Environmental Multiscale (GEM) numerical model output was compared with the meteorological data from an enhanced observational network to investigate the model’s ability to predict Lake Ontario lake breezes and their characteristics for two cases in the Greater Toronto Area—one in which the large-scale wind opposed the lake breeze and one in which it was in the same direction as the lake breeze. An enhanced observational network of surface meteorological stations, a C-band radar, and two Doppler wind lidars were deployed among other sensors during the 2015 Pan and Parapan American Games in Toronto. The GEM model was run for three nested domains with grid spacings of 2.5, 1, and 0.25 km. Comparisons between the model predictions and ground-based observations showed that the model successfully predicted lake breezes for the two events. The results indicated that using GEM 1 and 0.25 km increased the forecast accuracy of the lake-breeze location, updraft intensity, and depth. The accuracy of the modeled lake breeze timing was approximately ±135 min. The model underpredicted the surface cooling caused by the lake breeze. The GEM 0.25-km model significantly improved the temperature forecast accuracy during the lake-breeze circulations, reducing the bias by up to 72%, but it mainly underpredicted the moisture and overpredicted the surface wind speed. Root-mean-square errors of wind direction forecasts were generally high because of large biases and high variability of errors.
Linguistic Revivalism and National Identity in Uzbekistan
Authors: Khairi Abuzar 
Published: June 2018

Uzbekistan became an independent and sovereign state in 1991. Earlier, it was part of the Tsarist and Communist ideological states which sought to assimilate its centuries-old religious, cultural and linguistic identities. After disintegration of the Soviet Union, the new regime rejected the communist ideals and committed itself to fostering all-round development of historical, national and cultural traditions of the people of Uzbekistan. The new regime exchanged the Soviet hammer and sickle for traditional symbols of nation-hood—a flag, an anthem and new holidays ranging from the national/political (Flag Day and Independence Day) to the cultural (Novroz). After 25 years of independence, Uzbekistan seems successful in all fields. It has developed its own strategy for renewal of the society, known as Uzbek Model. All Central Asian republics embarked upon the path of self-discovery and national reconstruction to rest their worldview into their own specific cultural and linguistic moorings. They are reviving and reshaping their economy, history, language and national identity in the process of regaining their pre-soviet legacy. For this, each republic is reinvigorating its linguistic distinctiveness as a vehicle for expressing national identity. This article deals with the revival of Uzbek language and national identity in the post-independence period.
Complex regional pain syndrome type 1 in the medico-legal setting: High rates of somatoform disorders, opiate use and diagnostic uncertainty
Authors: Bass Christopher , Yates Gregory 
Published: June 2018

Objective The aim of this study was to review demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with complex regional pain syndrome type 1 (CRPS) seen in a UK medico-legal setting – particularly the relationship between CRPS and somatoform disorders. Methods Fifty consecutive cases of CRPS (interviewed 2005–2016) undergoing psychiatric assessment were reviewed. A systematic assessment of mental states was conducted via interview and examination of medical/psychiatric records. Thirty patients also completed the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (BIPQ). Results Sixty per cent of patients ( n = 30) were female, and the mean age was 43 years. Twenty-two per cent ( n = 11) were employed, and 60% ( n = 30) received disability benefits. Symptoms were reported in the upper limb (62%; n = 31), lower limb (30%; n = 15), both (6%; n = 3) or elsewhere (2%; n = 1). Eighty-four per cent ( n = 42) satisfied DSM-5 criteria for current somatoform disorder. A history of more than two pain-related functional somatic syndromes (e.g. non-cardiac chest pain) was found in 42% ( n = 21) and functional neurological symptoms (e.g. ‘claw-hand’) in 42% ( n = 21). BIPQ scores resembled those associated with somatoform disorders and disorders mediated by psychological factors (e.g. irritable bowel syndrome). In 38% ( n = 19), the CRPS diagnosis was disputed among experts. A history of depression was noted in 60% ( n = 30), panic attacks in 20% ( n = 10) and alcohol/substance misuse in 18% ( n = 9). Opiates were prescribed to 64% ( n = 32). Conclusions Patients diagnosed with CRPS involved in litigation have high rates of prior psychopathology (mainly somatoform disorders) and pain-related disability for which opiate use is common. They risk an adverse reaction to limb pain ‘shaped’ by maladaptive illness beliefs. The CRPS diagnosis lacks reliability in medico-legal settings and may cause iatrogenic harm
The Gendered Dimensions of Resource Extractivism in Argentina’s Soy Boom
Authors: Leguizamón Amalia 
Published: June 2018

Analyzing resource extractivism as a gendered structure is important for understanding the complex social processes that create and perpetuate environmental injustice—both social inequality and environmental degradation—and for visualizing gendered resistances and opportunities for transformation. Applying Risman’s approach to Argentina’s soy model, six causal mechanisms at the institutional, individual, and interactional levels can be identified that serve either to maintain or to challenge the status quo: (1) resource distribution, (2) ideology, (3) identity work, (4) cognitive bias, (5) status expectations, and (6) state paternalism. Analizar el extractivismo de los recursos como una estructura de género es importante para comprender los complejos procesos sociales que crean y perpetúan la injusticia ambiental—tanto la desigualdad social como la degradación ambiental—y para visualizar las resistencias de género y las oportunidades de transformación. Aplicando el enfoque de Risman al modelo de soja en la Argentina, se pueden identificar seis mecanismos causales a nivel institucional, individual y de interacción que sirven para mantener o desafiar el status quo: (1) distribución de recursos, (2) ideología, (3) trabajo de identidad, (4) perjuicio cognitivo, (5) expectativas de posición social, y (6) paternalismo estatal.
Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation Score to Guide Mask Selection in CPAP‐Treated Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Authors: Lebret Marius , Arnol Nathalie , Martinot Jean‐Benoît , Tamisier Renaud , Deschaux Chrystèle , Pépin Jean‐Louis , Borel Jean‐Christian 
Published: June 2018

Nasal obstruction is frequently reported by patients with sleep apnea and complicates the choice of a nasal or oronasal mask for continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy. However, the type of interface used for the delivery of CPAP is crucial to ensure tolerance and compliance. The aim of this prospective pilot study was to identify whether the validated Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) score rated at CPAP initiation was associated with the type of mask used after 4 months of treatment. Patients completed the NOSE questionnaire before initiation with automatic CPAP. The mask used (nasal/oronasal) after 4 months was documented. In total, 198 consecutive patients with sleep apnea were included. NOSE score (>50/100) was independently associated with the use of an oronasal mask at 4 months (sensitivity, 34.8%; specificity, 87.5%). The NOSE questionnaire could be a simple decision‐making tool to guide the choice of mask during CPAP initiation.