bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder as an associated feature in OCTN2 deficiency with novel deletion (p.T440‐Y449)
Authors: Lamhonwah Anne‐Marie , Barić Ivo , Lamhonwah Jessica , Grubić Marina , Tein Ingrid 
Published: February 2018

Key Clinical MessageThis boy presented with ADHD at 3 years and at 8 years was hyperactive with no documented hypoglycemia and had myopathy, cardiomyopathy, and very low serum carnitine. L‐carnitine improved his exercise intolerance, cardiomyopathy, and behavior. Analysis of SLC22A5 revealed a premature stop codon (p.R282*) and a novel in‐frame deletion (p.T440‐Y449).
Expanding the Breadth of 4‐Amino‐1,8‐naphthalimide Photophysical Properties through Substitution of the Naphthalimide Core
Authors: Leslie Kathryn G. , Jacquemin Denis , New Elizabeth J. , Jolliffe Katrina A. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractFluorescent sensors that illuminate specific molecules and chemical events allow the selective and sensitive study of the cellular environment. At the centre of this technology lies the fluorescent reporter molecule, and it is therefore crucial to provide a breadth of fluorophores with varying photophysical and biological behaviour. 4‐Amino‐1,8‐naphthalimides are commonly employed in fluorescent sensors, but the narrow range of structural derivatives limits versatility of application. Here we report the synthesis and investigation of a set of twelve 4‐amino‐1,8‐naphthalimides bearing an additional substituent on the aromatic core. Photophysical characterisation and time‐dependent density functional theory studies provided insights into the structure–photophysical property relationships of these derivatives, which show an expanded range of emission wavelengths and other photophysical properties. These compounds could all be visualised within cells by confocal microscopy, showing cytoplasmic or lipid droplet localisation. Our studies have demonstrated that simple structural modification of 4‐amino‐1,8‐naphthalimides provides derivatives with considerable breadth of behaviour that lend valuable versatility to the design of fluorescent sensors.
Design and control for a dividing‐wall column with a partial condenser for pretreating an industrial multi‐component reformed gasoline mixture
Authors: Wu Shengbo , Guo Kai , Liu Chunjiang , Qi Wenzhe , Zhang Ting , Liu Hui 
Published: February 2018

AbstractA dividing‐wall column (DWC) was used for pretreating industrial multi‐component reformed gasoline (IMCRG). IMCRG consists of 16 components, which are non‐aromatics, benzene, toluene, xylenes & ethylbenzene, and heavy aromatics. Rigorous steady‐state simulations were conducted using Aspen Plus. Compared with a conventional direct and indirect two‐column sequence separation, the reduction in the total annualized cost (TAC) by a DWC can be up to 13.06 % (direct sequence) and 24.79 % (indirect sequence). To treat the noncondensable gas in the feed, a DWC flowsheet with a partial condenser was considered. Two control structures with a S/L ratio control strategy were proposed to control the DWC. Controllability analyses with respect to feed flow rate and feed composition disturbance were conducted to evaluate the control effect of the two structures by using Aspen Plus Dynamics. Finally, a feasible DWC control structure to pretreat IMCRG was obtained.
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for relapsed follicular lymphoma: A combined analysis on behalf of the Lymphoma Working Party of the EBMT and the Lymphoma Committee of the CIBMTR
Authors: Sureda Anna , Zhang Mei‐Jie , Dreger Peter , Carreras Jeanette , Fenske Timothy , Finel Herve , Schouten Harry , Montoto Silvia , Robinson Stephen , Smith Sonali M. , Boumedil Ariane , Hamadani Mehdi , Pasquini Marcelo C. 
Published: February 2018

BACKGROUNDAllogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo‐HCT) remains the only potentially curative treatment option for relapsed follicular lymphoma (FL), yet questions remain about the optimal timing. This study analyzed long‐term outcomes and associated factors among recipients of allo‐HCT with FL.METHODSPatients with relapsed FL who underwent allo‐HCT from 2001 to 2011 with a human leukocyte antigen (HLA)–matched donor were included. Outcome analyses for overall survival (OS), progression‐free survival (PFS), transplant‐related mortality (TRM), and disease relapse/progression were calculated. A multivariate analysis was performed to determine factors associated with outcomes, and a prognostic score for treatment failure was developed in a subset analysis of patients.RESULTSIn all, 1567 patients with relapsed FL were included; the median follow‐up was 55 months. The 5‐year probabilities of OS and PFS were 61% and 52%, respectively. The 5‐year cumulative incidences of disease progression/relapse and TRM were 29% and 19%, respectively. Chemoresistant disease, older age, heavy pretreatment, poor performance status (PS), and myeloablative protocols were predictors for worse survival. The prognostic score, using age, lines of prior therapy, disease status, and PS, stratified patients into 3 groups—low, intermediate, and high risk—with 5‐year PFS rates of 68%, 53%, and 46%, respectively, and 5‐year OS rates of 80%, 62%, and 50%, respectively.CONCLUSIONSAllo‐HCT should be considered for patients with relapsed FL and available HLA‐matched donors. Outcomes are better in earlier phases of the disease, and reduced‐intensity conditioning should be preferred. The prognostic score presented here can assist in counseling patients and determining the time to proceed to transplantation. Cancer 2018;124:1733–42. © 2018 American Cancer Society
Neuroanatomical details of the lateral neurons of Drosophila melanogaster support their functional role in the circadian system
Authors: Schubert Frank K. , Hagedorn Nicolas , Yoshii Taishi , Helfrich‐Förster Charlotte , Rieger Dirk 
Published: February 2018

AbstractDrosophila melanogaster is a long‐standing model organism in the circadian clock research. A major advantage is the relative small number of about 150 neurons, which built the circadian clock in Drosophila. In our recent work, we focused on the neuroanatomical properties of the lateral neurons of the clock network. By applying the multicolor‐labeling technique Flybow we were able to identify the anatomical similarity of the previously described E2 subunit of the evening oscillator of the clock, which is built by the 5th small ventrolateral neuron (5th s‐LNv) and one ITP positive dorsolateral neuron (LNd). These two clock neurons share the same spatial and functional properties. We found both neurons innervating the same brain areas with similar pre‐ and postsynaptic sites in the brain. Here the anatomical findings support their shared function as a main evening oscillator in the clock network like also found in previous studies. A second quite surprising finding addresses the large lateral ventral PDF‐neurons (l‐LNvs). We could show that the four hardly distinguishable l‐LNvs consist of two subgroups with different innervation patterns. While three of the neurons reflect the well‐known branching pattern reproduced by PDF immunohistochemistry, one neuron per brain hemisphere has a distinguished innervation profile and is restricted only to the proximal part of the medulla‐surface. We named this neuron “extra” l‐LNv (l‐LNvx). We suggest the anatomical findings reflect different functional properties of the two l‐LNv subgroups.
Self‐Assembled BODIPY‐Based Iridium Metallarectangles: Cytotoxicity and Propensity to Bind Biomolecules
Authors: Gupta Gajendra , Das Abhishek , Lee Junseong , Mandal Nripendranath , Lee Chang Yeon 
Published: February 2018

AbstractA new 4‐ethynylpyridine 4,4‐difluoro‐4‐bora‐3a,4a‐diaza‐s‐indacene (BODIPY)‐based ligand L, which was synthesized by means of the Sonogashira coupling method, was used to obtain two new [2+2] iridium‐based metallarectangles, 3 and 4. Ligand L and metallarectangles 3 and 4 were fully characterized through various analytical techniques. The structure of rectangle 4 was further confirmed by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis, which showed the formation of an expected [2+2] supramolecule, in which the iridium metal centers were bridged with ligand L to form the desired metallarectangle 4. In the context of the growing biological interest in metallarectangles, rectangle 4 was found to be highly active against two types of cancer cells, with IC50 values almost threefold superior to those of cisplatin. Both 3 and 4 showed dose‐dependent abilities to bind bovine serum albumin and salmon sperm DNA; this indicated their tendency to interact with such biomolecules as a potential mode of action.
Facile Templateless Fabrication of a Cobalt Oxyhydroxide Nanosheet Film with Nanoscale Porosity as an Efficient Electrocatalyst for Water Oxidation
Authors: Chandra Debraj , Tanaka Kou , Takeuchi Ryouchi , Abe Naoto , Togashi Takanari , Kurihara Masato , Saito Kenji , Yui Tatsuto , Yagi Masayuki 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe development of efficient catalysts for water oxidation is widely required because the efficiency of fuel production by artificial photosynthesis is severely limited by the sluggish kinetics of water oxidation. A unique CoO(OH) nanosheet (CoO(OH)‐NS) film having porosity in nanoscale dimensions has been synthesized by a facile electrochemical technique without the assistance of any template. The SEM image exhibited that the film is composed of nanosheets that are well scattered and formed uniformly by unidirectional vertical growth on the electrode surface. The TEM image showed a highly porous nanostructure with randomly oriented nanopores (with a dimension of ca. ≤5 nm) inside the nanosheet. The HRTEM image revealed that flat‐shaped rectangular CoO(OH) nanocrystals (ca. 2–3 nm) were randomly stacked together to form the nanosheet and interspaces between the nanocrystals for the nanoporous structure. The specific surface area of the CoO(OH)‐NS film was 92 m2 g−1, which is higher than that (43 m2 g−1) of a CoO(OH) nanoparticle (CoO(OH)‐NP) film that is prepared by a chemical procedure as a reference sample. A superior electrocatalytic performance for water oxidation was observed for CoO(OH)‐NS electrode compared with the CoO(OH)‐NP electrode. This result originates from the large accessible surface‐to‐volume ratio of the unique porous nanosheet structures, which provides a large number of electroactive water oxidation sites at the electrolyte−CoO(OH) interface.
Digital implementation of biologically inspired Wilson model, population behavior, and learning
Authors: Karimi Gholamreza , Gholami Morteza , Zaman Farsa Edris 
Published: February 2018

SummarySpiking neurons, as a computational unit, are the main part in biological information processing systems. This paper presents a digital hardware implementation of a biological neuron on a field‐programmable gate array due to its high accuracy and high speed, especially for large‐scale simulations which is a key objective in the neuromorphic research field. Although this is a computationally expensive task, the use of more biological realistic system results in higher accuracy in mimicking biological behaviors of neural networks. Given that, the Wilson model is one of the most important biological neuron models that can be used in the architecture of spiking neural networks. To be closer to biological systems, a method is proposed to test the possibility of implementation of the Wilson neuron model on digital platforms. The results of the hardware implementation of the Wilson neuron and a spiking network on a field‐programmable gate array, capable of character recognition with supervised learning algorithm, are presented in this paper; moreover, population behavior of this model is simulated. In large‐scale implementation of 2000 Wilson neuron model, population capability, feasibility, and costs are investigated.This paper presents a method to the implementation of Wilson neurons on digital platforms, suggesting that the available system is an attainable platform for the implementation of large‐scale biologically plausible neural networks on field‐programmable gate array devices. Hardware synthesis, physical implementation on field‐programmable gate array, and theoretical analysis confirm that the proposed model has hardware so that makes it an appropriate model for the large‐scale digital implementation.
‘Ease of interpretation’ of cytological smears stained with modified ultrafast papanicolaou stain: Interobserver agreement and reproducibility
Authors: Uthamalingam Preithy , Sathish Kumar Thabasum , Venus Albina , Sekar Preethi , Muthusamy Rajeshwari K. , Mehta Sangita 
Published: February 2018

BackgroundSince its inception in 1995, the Ultrafast Papanicoloau (UFPAP) cytological stain has undergone a number of modifications to suit the local availability of reagents and cost in different set ups. However, the reported results have been uniformly encouraging. We designed a study to investigate the inter‐observer agreement in ‘perceived ease of interpretation’ of cytological smears stained with Modified Ultrafast Papanicoloau stain (MUFPAP).MethodsAfter a small pilot study, we prospectively stained air‐dried fine needle aspirate smears (FNACs) and Body Fluid smears with the standardized MUFPAP stain. The MUFPAP stained slides were evaluated in tandem with other routine cytological stains as well as independently by two pathologists. Two rater kappa was used to determine the agreement.ResultsThe study included 93 fluids and 34 FNACs. A vast majority of the cases stained with MUFPAP were rated ‘better’ than the routine stains in terms of ‘overall ease of interpretation’ with considerable agreement. The agreement tended to be better for FNACs than fluid specimens. Cases with malignant pathology demonstrated a perfect agreement (kappa = 1) between the raters in terms of ‘overall ease of interpretation’ (91.7% cases were rated ‘very good’ by each pathologist) when compared to cases with benign pathology (kappa = 0.52). Nuclear characteristics were appreciated with a better agreement than other parameters.ConclusionModified UFPAP stain appears to be quick, reliable, cost‐effective alternative in cytology, especially for detecting malignant cells in smears with low cellularity. Its specific advantage is robust nuclear staining against a clear background.
Influence of northern limit range on genetic diversity and structure in a widespread North American tree, sugar maple (Acer saccharumMarshall)
Authors: Graignic Noémie , Tremblay Francine , Bergeron Yves 
Published: February 2018

AbstractDue to climate change, the ranges of many North American tree species are expected to shift northward. Sugar maple (Acer saccharumMarshall) reaches its northern continuous distributional limit in northeastern North America at the transition between boreal mixed‐wood and temperate deciduous forests. We hypothesized that marginal fragmented northern populations from the boreal mixed wood would have a distinct pattern of genetic structure and diversity. We analyzed variation at 18 microsatellite loci from 23 populations distributed along three latitudinal transects (west, central, and east) that encompass the continuous–discontinuous species range. Each transect was divided into two zones, continuous (temperate deciduous) and discontinuous (boreal mixed wood), based on sugar maple stand abundance. Respective positive and negative relationships were found between the distance of each population to the northern limit (D_north), and allelic richness (AR) and population differentiation (FST). These relations were tested for each transect separately; the pattern (discontinuous–continuous) remained significant only for the western transect.structureanalysis revealed the presence of four clusters. The most northern populations of each transect were assigned to a distinct group. Asymmetrical gene flow occurred from the southern into the four northernmost populations. Southern populations in Québec may have originated from two different postglacial migration routes. No evidence was found to validate the hypothesis that northern populations were remnants of a larger population that had migrated further north of the species range after the retreat of the ice sheet. The northernmost sugar maple populations possibly originated from long‐distance dispersal.
Acute heart failure following myocardial infarction: complement activation correlates with the severity of heart failure in patients developing cardiogenic shock
Authors: Orrem Hilde L. , Nilsson Per H. , Pischke Søren E. , Grindheim Guro , Garred Peter , Seljeflot Ingebjørg , Husebye Trygve , Aukrust Pål , Yndestad Arne , Andersen Geir Ø. , Barratt‐Due Andreas , Mollnes Tom E. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAimsHeart failure (HF) is an impending complication to myocardial infarction. We hypothesized that the degree of complement activation reflects severity of HF following acute myocardial infarction.Methods and resultsThe LEAF trial (LEvosimendan in Acute heart Failure following myocardial infarction) evaluating 61 patients developing HF within 48 h after percutaneous coronary intervention‐treated ST‐elevation myocardial infarction herein underwent a post hoc analysis. Blood samples were drawn from inclusion to Day 5 and at 42 day follow‐up, and biomarkers were measured with enzyme immunoassays. Regional myocardial contractility was measured by echocardiography as wall motion score index (WMSI). The cardiogenic shock group (n = 9) was compared with the non‐shock group (n = 52). Controls (n = 44) were age‐matched and sex‐matched healthy individuals. C4bc, C3bc, C3bBbP, and sC5b‐9 were elevated in patients at inclusion compared with controls (P < 0.01). The shock group had higher levels compared with the non‐shock group for all activation products except C3bBbP (P < 0.05). At Day 42, all products were higher in the shock group (P < 0.05). In the shock group, sC5b‐9 correlated significantly with WMSI at baseline (r = 0.68; P = 0.045) and at Day 42 (r = 0.84; P = 0.036). Peak sC5b‐9 level correlated strongly with WMSI at Day 42 (r = 0.98; P = 0.005). Circulating endothelial cell activation markers sICAM‐1 and sVCAM‐1 were higher in the shock group during the acute phase (P < 0.01), and their peak levels correlated with sC5b‐9 peak level in the whole HF population (r = 0.32; P = 0.014 and r = 0.30; P = 0.022, respectively).ConclusionsComplement activation discriminated cardiogenic shock from non‐shock in acute ST‐elevation myocardial infarction complicated by HF and correlated with regional contractility and endothelial cell activation, suggesting a pathogenic role of complement in this condition.
T‐bet and Eomes govern differentiation and function of mouse and human NK cells and ILC1
Authors: Zhang Jiang , Marotel Marie , Fauteux‐Daniel Sébastien , Mathieu Anne‐Laure , Viel Sébastien , Marçais Antoine , Walzer Thierry 
Published: February 2018

AbstractT‐bet and Eomes are T‐box transcription factors that drive the differentiation and function of cytotoxic lymphocytes such as NK cells. Their DNA‐binding domains are highly similar, suggesting redundant transcriptional activity. However, while these transcription factors have different patterns of expression, the phenotype of loss‐of‐function mouse models suggests that they play distinct roles in the development of NK cells and other innate lymphoid cells (ILCs). Recent technological advances using reporter mice and conditional knockouts were fundamental in defining the regulation and function of these factors at steady state and during pathological conditions such as various types of cancer or infection. Here, we review these recent developments, focusing on NK cells as prototypical cytotoxic lymphocytes and their development, and also discuss parallels between NK cells and T cells. We also examine the role of T‐bet and Eomes in human NK cells and ILC1s. Considering divergent findings on mouse and human ILC1s, we propose that NK cells are defined by coexpression of T‐bet and Eomes, while ILC1s express only one of these factors, either T‐bet or Eomes, depending on the tissue or the species.
Direct finite element method for nonlinear earthquake analysis of 3‐dimensional semi‐unbounded dam–water–foundation rock systems
Authors: Løkke Arnkjell , Chopra Anil K. 
Published: February 2018

SummaryA direct finite element method for nonlinear earthquake analysis of 2‐dimensional dam–water–foundation rock systems has recently been presented. The analysis procedure uses standard viscous‐damper absorbing boundaries to model the semi‐unbounded foundation‐rock and fluid domains and specifies the seismic input as effective earthquake forces at these boundaries. Presented in this paper is a generalization of the direct finite element method with viscous‐damper boundaries to 3‐dimensional dam–water–foundation rock systems. Step‐by‐step procedures for determining the effective earthquake forces starting from a ground motion specified at a control point on the foundation‐rock surface is developed, and several numerical examples are computed and compared with independent benchmark solutions to demonstrate the effectiveness of the analysis procedure for modeling 3‐dimensional systems.
2017: time for a reality check
Authors: Cozier Muriel 
Published: February 2018

AbstractA number of events toward the end of 2017 saw industry players and decision makers reiterate their commitment of CCS, but the final quarter also made it clear that governments are still having to make tough calls when it comes to investing money in carbon capture technology. GHGS&T's Muriel Cozier reviews the developments of 2017. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Vitamin C promotes oligodendrocytes generation and remyelination
Authors: Guo Yu‐e , Suo Na , Cui Xue , Yuan Qianting , Xie Xin 
Published: February 2018

AbstractOligodendrocyte‐formed myelin sheaths play important roles in the neuronal functions in the central nervous system. In demyelinating diseases, such as Multiple Sclerosis, the myelin sheaths are damaged and the remyelinating process is somehow hindered. Restoration of the myelin sheaths requires the differentiation of the oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) into mature oligodendrocytes (OLs). To discover small molecule compounds that might promote the OPC to OL differentiation, a high‐throughput screening system is established and L‐ascorbyl‐2‐phosphate (As‐2P), a stable form of Vitamin C (Vc), is found to greatly enhance the OPC to OL differentiation. As‐2P promotes gradual expression of OL lineage markers, including O4, CNPase and MBP, in a dose‐ and time‐dependent manner. It also facilitates the formation of myelin sheaths in OPC‐neuron co‐culture. As‐2P also promotes the repair of the myelin sheaths in vivo and provides significant therapeutic effect in a cuprizone‐mediated demyelination animal model. Interestingly, As‐2P's function in promoting OPC differentiation is not related to its antioxidant activity. And an intracellular rather than an extracellular mechanism might be involved. Considering the safe use of Vc as a dietary supplement for many years, it might also be used as an alternative medicine for CNS demyelinating diseases.