bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The theory of planned behaviour and user engagement applied to Facebook advertising
Authors: Sanne Petra N.C. , Wiese Melanie 
Published: May 2018

Background: Facebook has become one of the most popular advertising platforms on social media. It is therefore important for social media marketers and researchers to have an understanding of the predictors of Facebook users’ engagement with Facebook advertising across all brands and Facebook advertising types. Objectives: This study aimed to determine whether the theory of planned behaviour could be applied to understand and predict engagement with Facebook advertising. Method: Non-probability convenience sampling resulted in a sample size of 656 Facebook users above the age of 18 who resided in South Africa. The data collected by means of an online survey were analysed using regression analyses. Results: The findings indicated that attitude was the strongest predictor of behavioural intention to engage with Facebook advertising, followed by subjective norms. However, perceived behavioural control was found not to be a significant predictor of behavioural intention to engage with Facebook advertising. Furthermore, behavioural intention to engage with Facebook advertising was found to predict actual engagement. Conclusion: Social media marketers need to focus on influencing attitudes and subjective norms to increase engagement with their Facebook advertisements. Furthermore, the theory of reasoned action was found to be more appropriate to predict engagement with Facebook advertising, as it excludes perceived behavioural control.
A indissociabilidade entre o ensino, a pesquisa e a extensão: do legal ao real
Authors: Tams Diehl Bianca , Lübeck Terra Elisa 
Published: May 2018

O presente artigo desenvolveu-se com o intuito de demonstrar que há um espaço significativo entre a previsão legal, o que seria o ideal, e o real no que tange à indissociabilidade entre o ensino, a pesquisa e a extensão no Ensino Superior brasileiro. A tríade mencionada é
fundamental para que ocorra um ensino de excelência e o processo de formação acadêmica se dê na sua completude, contudo, para que isso se concretize as Instituições de Educação Superior - IES têm que manter um corpo docente com titulação em programas de pósgraduação Stricto Sensu e regime de trabalho parcial e integral, o que acaba, na maioria das vezes, inviabilizando o acontecimento deste processo no modelo como foi almejado e previsto na Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional e Constituição Federal de 1988,
especialmente. Neste contexto, destaca-se a importância das IES e dos docentes no sentido de incentivar e oportunizar um espaço, além de adotar estratégias para que este movimento aconteça harmonicamente.
trabalho informal e seus reflexos no âmbito do lazer
Authors: R. Uvinha Ricardo , Santos Rosana 
Published: May 2018

O presente artigo apresenta algumas implicações geradas pelo trabalho informal na sociedade contemporânea, verificando os possíveis reflexos nas vivências associadas ao campo do lazer e tempo livre. Enquanto procedimento metodológico optou-se por uma abordagem qualitativa, combinando os enfoques bibliográficos e de campo. O enfoque bibliográfico contou com a análise de categorias teóricas relacionadas em livros, periódicos científicos, anais de eventos, entre outros. Já no de campo, desenvolveu-se uma coleta de dados por meio de documentação direta, realizando entrevistas semi-estruturadas e tendo como amostragem os ambulantes que atuam na região da Rua 25 de Março na cidade de São Paulo. As principais
conclusões indicaram que os sujeitos entrevistados reconhecem a importância do lazer, apesar de poucos afirmarem ter tido a possibilidade de experienciá-lo de fato em suas vidas. Constatou-se ainda que, em boa parte da amostra, o lazer fica restrito ao ambiente doméstico e vivenciado por meio da mídia de massa, em especial a televisa. Soma-se a isso um amplo leque de impedimentos ao desfrute do lazer no tempo livre, em termos de conteúdo e opções de acesso, sugerindo uma possível intervenção profissional em que se tenha como intento uma maior acessibilidade em tal esfera social.
Frequency of HLA-B5, HLA-B51 and HLA-B27 in patients with idiopathic uveitis and Behçet’s disease: a case-control study
Authors: Shenavandeh Saeedeh , Jahanshahi Keramat Allah , Aflaki Elham , Tavassoli Alireza 
Published: May 2018

ObjectivesIdiopathic uveitis is the most common form of uveitis in most countries. Uveitis affects about 40–80% of patients with Behçet’s disease (BD). Class I, HLA-B5, and its subclass B51 allele have the strongest association with BD, but its role in idiopathic uveitis is unclear. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of HLA-B5, HLA-B51 and HLA-B27 in patients with idiopathic uveitis, BD and the control group.Material and methodsForty-eight patients with idiopathic uveitis, 62 patients with BD, and 49 control subjects were compared. The presence of HLA-B5, HLA-B51 and HLA-B27 was checked by reviewing the charts of patients with idiopathic uveitis and Behçet’s disease referred to the rheumatologic center of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. The control group consisted of a sex-matched normal control population, among which HLA typing was done.ResultsHLA-B5 was significantly higher in patients with idiopathic uveitis and BD compared to the control group (p = 0.029 and 0.0001). It was significantly higher in patients with BD compared to those with idiopathic uveitis (p = 0.001). The difference of HLA-B51 between the groups was not statistically significant although it was higher in the BD group than the controls. The presence of HLA-B51 was significantly associated with ocular involvement in the BD group (p = 0.013). HLA-B27 was the least common type of HLA in all groups.ConclusionsHLA-B5 was the most common, compared to HLA-B51 and HLA-27, in patients with idiopathic uveitis and BD. There was an association between HLA-B51 positivity and ocular involvement in patients with BD. It seems that the pattern of HLA in our patients with idiopathic uveitis was different from that observed in some other studies.
Spironolactone (an adjuvant therapy) in rheumatoid arthritis: a case control study
Authors: Singh Harpreet , Bala Saroj , Jain Deepak , Jagota Ruchi , Mathur Rekha 
Published: May 2018

ObjectivesDisease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) are conventionally used in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The role of spironolactone as add on therapy to DMARDs in RA patients was evaluated.Material and methodsA total of 100 patients with rheumatoid arthritis diagnosed as per 1987 criteria having evidence of active disease despite ongoing DMARD therapy were enrolled in this study. Patients were assigned randomly to two groups. Group I (n = 50) patients were treated with 50 mg/day of spironolactone along with their maintenance DMARD and NSAID therapy. Group II (n = 50) patients continued their maintenance DMARD therapy without spironolactone. Disease activity was assessed using the Disease Activity Score-28 (DAS28) and the Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI) in each patient of each group was evaluated monthly for the next three months.ResultsAll patients completed the study. Mean age of group I was 46.44 ±11.67 and of group II 44.52 ±11.82. DAS28 assessed in time according to the schedule was for group I 6.78 ±0.74, 5.34 ±0.74, 3.98 ±0.7, 3.00 ±0.75, while in group II it was 6.61 ±0.82, 5.49 ±0.90, 4.58 ±0.81, 3.55 ±0.93 at baseline, 4, 8, and 12 weeks respectively. CDAI in group I was 41.68 ±11.14, 24.36 ±8.13, 12.34 ±5.73, 6.42 ±4.4 and in group II 37.84 ±11.12, 24.54 ±9.4, 16.38 ±6.81, 9.62 ±6.1 at baseline, 4, 8, and 12 weeks respectively. Group I showed significant improvement in disease activity in the form of tender joint count (p = 0.001), swollen joint count (p = 0.023), patient global assessment (p = 0.001), physician global health (p = 0.001), DAS28 (p < 0.001) and CDAI (p = 0.001) but other parameters showed non-significant improvement compared to group II. No serious adverse events were observed in either group during the course of the study.ConclusionsSpironolactone as an adjuvant therapy can improve the effect of conventional DMARD treatment of patients with RA.
Value of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in systemic sclerosis
Authors: Chaosuwannakit Narumol , Makarawate Pattarapong 
Published: May 2018

ObjectivesTo assess the prevalence and patterns of cardiac abnormalities as detected by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in systemic sclerosis.Material and methodsTwenty-six consecutive patients with systemic sclerosis underwent cardiac MRI to determine morphological, functional, perfusion at rest, and delayed enhancement abnormalities.ResultsAt least one abnormality on cardiac MRI was observed in 19/26 (73%) patients. Increased myocardial signal intensity in T2 was observed in 10 patients (38.5%), thinning of the left ventricular myocardium in 1 patient (3.5%), and pericardial effusion in 12 patients (46%). Left and right ventricular ejection fractions were altered in 10 patients (38.5%) and 11 patients (42%), respectively. Myocardial delayed contrast enhancement was found in 11 (42%) patients. No perfusion defects at rest were found. Patients with limited systemic sclerosis had similar cardiac MRI abnormalities to patients with diffuse systemic sclerosis. Four out of 11 patients (36.4%) without pulmonary arterial hypertension had right ventricular dilatation.ConclusionsThe present study shows that cardiac MRI is an accurate and reliable technique to diagnose cardiac involvement in systemic sclerosis and to analyze precisely its mechanisms, including inflammatory, microvascular and fibrotic components. As it is non-invasive, quantitative and highly sensitive, cardiac MRI appears to be a method of choice to determine the natural history of untreated patients or to accurately monitor the effects of treatment. Moreover, it could provide powerful prognostic factors in both groups. Compared to echocardiography, cardiac MRI appears to provide additional information by visualizing myocardial fibrosis and inflammation. Finally, the present study has shown that RV dilatation is not specific for pulmonary arterial hypertension and could correspond to a specific heart involvement in systemic sclerosis.
Glacial isostatic adjustment modelling: historical perspectives, recent advances, and future directions
Authors: Whitehouse Pippa L. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract. Glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA)
describes the response of the solid Earth, the gravitational field, and the
oceans to the growth and decay of the global ice sheets. A commonly studied
component of GIA is “postglacial rebound”, which specifically relates to
uplift of the land surface following ice melt. GIA is a relatively rapid
process, triggering 100 m scale changes in sea level and solid Earth
deformation over just a few tens of thousands of years. Indeed, the
first-order effects of GIA could already be quantified several hundred years
ago without reliance on precise measurement techniques and scientists have
been developing a unifying theory for the observations for over 200 years.
Progress towards this goal required a number of significant breakthroughs to
be made, including the recognition that ice sheets were once more extensive,
the solid Earth changes shape over time, and gravity plays a central role in
determining the pattern of sea-level change. This article describes the
historical development of the field of GIA and provides an overview of the
processes involved. Significant recent progress has been made as concepts
associated with GIA have begun to be incorporated into parallel fields of
research; these advances are discussed, along with the role that GIA is
likely to play in addressing outstanding research questions within the field
of Earth system modelling.
Uncertainty indication in soil function maps – transparent and easy-to-use information to support sustainable use of soil resources
Authors: Greiner Lucie , Nussbaum Madlene , Papritz Andreas , Zimmermann Stephan , Gubler Andreas , Grêt-Regamey Adrienne , Keller Armin 
Published: May 2018

Abstract. Spatial information on soil function fulfillment (SFF) is increasingly being used to inform decision-making in spatial planning programs to support sustainable use of soil resources. Soil function maps visualize soils abilities to fulfill their functions, e.g., regulating water and nutrient flows, providing habitats, and supporting biomass production based on soil properties. Such information must be reliable for informed and transparent decision-making in spatial planning programs. In this study, we add to the transparency of soil function maps by (1) indicating uncertainties arising from the prediction of soil properties generated by digital soil mapping (DSM) that are used for soil function assessment (SFA) and (2) showing the response of different SFA methods to the propagation of uncertainties through the assessment. For a study area of 170 km2 in the Swiss Plateau, we map 10 static soil sub-functions for agricultural soils for a spatial resolution of 20 × 20 m together with their uncertainties. Mapping the 10 soil sub-functions using simple ordinal assessment scales reveals pronounced spatial patterns with a high variability of SFF scores across the region, linked to the inherent properties of the soils and terrain attributes and climate conditions. Uncertainties in soil properties propagated through SFA methods generally lead to substantial uncertainty in the mapped soil sub-functions. We propose two types of uncertainty maps that can be readily understood by stakeholders. Cumulative distribution functions of SFF scores indicate that SFA methods respond differently to the propagated uncertainty of soil properties. Even where methods are comparable on the level of complexity and assessment scale, their comparability in view of uncertainty propagation might be different. We conclude that comparable uncertainty indications in soil function maps are relevant to enable informed and transparent decisions on the sustainable use of soil resources.
Determination of Aniline, 4-Aminoazobenzene, and 2-Naphthol in the Color Additive D&C Red No. 17 Using Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography
Authors: Yang H H Wendy , Weisz Adrian 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Specifications in the U.S. Code of Federal Regulations for the color additive D&C Red No. 17 (R17, Colour Index No. 26100) limit the levels of the dye’s intermediates, aniline (AN), 2-naphthol (β-naphthol, BN), and 4-aminoazobenzene (4AAB), to 0.2, 0.2, and 0.1%, respectively. The present work reports the development and application of an ultra-HPLC method for the quantitative determination of these impurities in R17. A 1.7 μm particle size C-18 column was used with 0.2 M ammonium acetate and acetonitrile as the eluents. AN, BN, and 4AAB were quantified by using six-point calibration curves with data points (w/w) ranging from 0.01 to 0.25% for AN, 0.01 to 0.24% for BN, and 0.01 to 0.19% for 4AAB. The correlation coefficients ranged from 0.9992 to 0.9999. Limits of detection for the analytes ranged from 0.002 to 0.01%. Recoveries of the analytes ranged from 99.5 to 102%. Relative standard deviations ranged from 0.482 to 1.262%. The new method was applied to analyze portions from 22 batches of R17 submitted to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for certification. It was found to be simpler to implement, faster, and more sensitive than the older gravity-elution column chromatography method, which it has replaced.
Laforgue délocalisé
Authors: Scepi Henri 
Published: May 2018

Cet article se propose de cerner la question de l’américanité de Laforgue à partir des rares traces que l’auteur a laissées d’une relation réfléchie ou plus immédiatement spontanée à sa terre d’origine, l’Uruguay. Un double geste d’effacement et de promotion s’y révèle, en opposition aux valeurs qu’incarne d’une part la figure symbolique du père, et en référence d’autre part aux lieux communs qui structurent la vision européanocentrée du continent américain. Les textes de Laforgue, du poème élaboré à la note marginale, témoignent ainsi de la recherche d’un lieu impossible, dont l’image flottante et diffuse forme cependant comme l’horizon de la parole, ainsi que l’attestent les tentatives de figuration de l’Inconscient, topique du non-lieu par excellence qui autorise toutes les surimpressions spatio-temporelles, tous les mélanges de cultures et d’idiomes. Aussi est-ce sans doute dans la quête d’une langue « délocalisée », profondément métissée et insoucieuse des codes et des hiérarchies, langue « neuve » et en même temps composée de tous les âges, que le fantasme américain trouve chez Laforgue sa matérialisation la plus éloquente.
Le tombeau de Jules Laforgue
Authors: Khodr Fadi 
Published: May 2018

L’article propose une nouvelle lecture dePan et la Syrinxde Jules Laforgue en mettant au jour ses arrière-textes plausibles, restés enfouis jusqu’à présent, en vue de compléter les études qui lui ont été consacrées. L’analyse suggère que cette « moralité légendaire » serait le monument littéraire confirmant l’originalité de l’auteur et contenant son testament poétique.
Brièveté : une question de rythme. Réflexions sur la littérature d’Andrés Rivera
Authors: Waldegaray Marta Inés 
Published: May 2018

Cet article porte sur une problématique théorique : les procédés de la brièveté en littérature. Partant de la distinction entre brièveté (notion qui relève du domaine de l’énonciation) et texte court (caractère dimensionnel de l’écriture), nous étudions ici l’oeuvre de l’écrivain argentin Andrés Rivera (Buenos Aires, 1928-2016), maître de l’énonciation réticente dans la littérature argentine contemporaine. Néanmoins, le réel historique des XIXe et XXe siècles est la matière préférée de sa fiction narrative. Notre attention s’est portée sur les procédés mis en oeuvre pour dérouter l’organisation narrative et le rythme phrastique. Dans une prose composée par des phrases qui deviennent de plus en plus longues, dans des textes de plus en plus courts, la discontinuité instaure une dynamique de la brièveté lisible dans un rythme narratif scandé par les blancs, les ellipses et les figures de répétition.
Yellow fever outbreak in Plateau state, Nigeria: A re-emerging disease or a case of misdiagnosis over the years?
Authors: Y. Sodipo Olutomi , Dauda Gwomson , A. Lar Luret 
Published: May 2018

Background: The first reported Yellow fever outbreak in Nigeria occurred in 1931.The latest outbreak in Nigeria, commenced in September 2017. It is active in seven states and suspected cases have been reported in sixteen states, inclusive of Plateau state. The last reported outbreak in Plateau state occurred in Jos in 1969 with an estimated 100,000 cases.Materials and Methods: The cases and health workers involved in management were interviewed. Hospital records, laboratory and surveillance data were reviewed.Results: Case 1: A 6-year-old girl from Tudun-Wada, Jos Plateau state presented with fever (38.6oC), abdominal pain, sore throat and jaundice. Liver function test (AST: 398U/L, ALT: 96U/L). Treatment included ribavirin, ceftriaxone, anti-oxidants, intravenous fluids, blood transfusion. ELISA-IgM was positive for YF, but negative on PNRT.Case 2: A 10-year-old boy from the same family with case 1 presented with fever (39.0oC), abdominal pain, diarrhoea and jaundice. Liver function test (AST: 315 U/L, ALT: 126U/L). Treatment is same as case 1 plus metronidazole. ELISA-IgM was positive for YF, but negative on PNRT, while PCR was positive for Lassa fever.Twenty-three contacts (17 healthcare workers, 6 family members) were traced and daily monitoring instituted.Conclusion: The potential for a major urban outbreak of Yellow Fever in Plateau state and Nigeria is already present. Advocacy, health education and enforcement of vector control measures need to be intensified by the State Ministry of Health. Surveillance for rapid case finding and proactive vaccination also need to be intensified to forestall a disaster.
First-Year Osteopathic Medical Students’ Knowledge of and Attitudes Toward Physical Activity
Authors: Guseman Emily Hill , Whipps Jonathon , Howe Cheryl A. , Beverly Elizabeth A. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

Context
Current guidelines recommend that primary care physicians provide physical activity counseling as part of routine preventive health care. However, education regarding physical activity counseling often is not included or is inadequately covered in medical school curriculum, and it is unclear whether future physicians are prepared to offer effective counseling in this area.

Objective
To examine first-year medical students’ knowledge of and attitudes toward physical activity and the importance of physical activity in patient counseling.

Methods
An anonymous electronic survey was distributed to all first-year students enrolled at the Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine. The survey assessed students’ knowledge, beliefs, and behavior regarding physical activity and physical activity counseling for patients. The frequencies of students’ weekly physical activity were computed to assess students’ physical activity behaviors. Attitudes toward personal importance of physical activity and physical activity counseling in primary care were also assessed by response frequency. The relationship between students’ knowledge of and participation in physical activity and the priority placed on exercise for future patients were assessed by correlation.

Results
Of 243 potential participants, 144 students (59.3%) returned the survey. The majority of students (131 of 144 [91.0%]) indicated that living a healthy lifestyle was very or extremely important to them, and 125 of 144 (86.9%) prioritized physical activity as moderately, very, or extremely important. Of 122 students, 81 (66.4%) exercised for at least 30 minutes on 3 or more of the past 7 days, and 36 (29.5%) reported doing so on 5 or more of the past 7 days. Nearly all of the students (127 of 133 [95.5%]) indicated that exercise is important for their future patients, 97 of 133 (72.9%) indicated feeling moderately or extremely comfortable counseling patients on exercise, and 113 of 134 (84.3%) desired to include physical activity counseling in their practice. Fifty of 134 students (40.3%) indicated that they were aware of current physical activity recommendations for adults in the United States; however, of these 50 students, 1 (2.0%) provided a correct definition of the national recommendations.

Conclusion
Although students prioritized healthy lifestyles for themselves and their future patients and indicated a desire to include physical activity counseling as part of routine clinical care, the majority were unaware of the current physical activity recommendations. Thus, there is a need to address physical activity recommendations in the medical school curriculum.