bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intercomparison in the laboratory of various Condensation Particle Counters challenged by nanoaerosols in the range 6 – 460 nm
Authors: Bau Sébastien , Payet Raphaël , Tritscher Torsten , Witschger Olivier 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This study aim is to compare the number concentration of airborne nanoparticles reported by 13 different Condensation Particle Counters (CPC) with regards to a reference CPC, for a set of aerosols of interest. Among the models investigated, 5 are handheld CPC, while the 8 others are stationary CPC. The latter include butanol-based CPC as well as water-based CPC. Polydisperse test aerosols with modal diameters between 6 and 460 nm were produced in the CAIMAN experimental facility. Non-hydrophobic aerosols consisted of metal-based particles (Ti, C, Al, Cu, Ag), as well as nebulized suspensions (SiO2). Hydrophobic particles consisted of DEHS as well as alkanes (n-C13 to n-C20). Overall, about 400 different conditions were investigated to represent a wide range of aerosols potentially encountered in workplaces. The range of number concentrations provided by the reference CPC was 500 – 400 000 cm−3. To highlight the possible effect of particle counting efficiency on the total concentration reported by the different CPCs, 40% of the test aerosols presented a modal diameter below 40 nm. The influence of particle material for water-based CPCs was investigated through the generation of about 100 hydrophobic test aerosols. CPC response was found to be sensitive to the mode of the aerosols measured, depending on the counting efficiency curve of the CPC investigated. An effect of particle hydrophobicity on the response of some water-based CPC models was demonstrated, while one water-based CPC did not show any material dependence.
Three-Tiered Risk Assessment for Engineered Nanomaterials. A Use Case for the Semiconductor Industry
Authors: Prodanov Dimiter , Belde Peter , Geerts Lieve , L’Allain Catherine , Feber Maaike Le , Moclair Fiona , Morelli Attilio , Roquet Pascal 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Safety of engineered nanomaterials is a new scientific field, which draws increasing attention in the literature. Among the challenges the field is facing are the insufficient amount and quality of nanotoxicological data and the ambiguity in the metrics describing the exposure. This results in substantial difficulties in the actual quantification of risk in terms of exposure limits, which is a cornerstone of the regulatory chemical risk assessment. While there is no golden standard for risk assessment and management several pragmatic systems have come into being. All of these employ some form of categorization and grouping of materials into hazard groups. This paper outlines the risk assessment approach developed within the H2020 project NanoStreeM, which is based on a combination of categorical and quantitative risk assessment tools implemented in a 3-tier system. The approach includes the use of existing tools, such as ART, Consexpo and NanoSafer, in combination with the ISO standard ISO/TS 12901-2:2014 and field measurements. The paper outlines the experience with these tools for risk assessment of typical exposure scenarios present in semiconductor manufacturing.
Toxicity of cationic solid lipid nanoparticles in rats
Authors: Mendonça M C P , Radaic A , Fossa F G , Cruz-Höfling M A , de Jesus M B 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Cationic solid lipid nanoparticles (cSLNs) represent one alternative to deliver poorly water-soluble drugs and oligonucleotides (e.g., DNA, siRNA, miRNA) based on well-known biocompatible and safe excipients. However, to guarantee the translation of cSLNs from the bench to bedside it is necessary to confirm that the formulation is safe. Hence, we investigate the toxicity of cSLNs formulation in adult male Wistar rats 24 h and 72 h after single intravenous injection (5 mL/kg b.w.). Hematological, biochemical and histopathological evaluation of the reticuloendothelial system and clearance organs indicated short-lived alterations including neutrophilia, a decrease in blood urea nitrogen levels, and an increase of the marginated pools of neutrophils and macrophages located in the lungs, liver, and spleen. These findings were transient as none of them were observed in treated animals after 72 h. We also observed the ability of cSLNs to enter the brain parenchyma without disrupting the blood-brain barrier. Few minor and acute transient alterations were found, but overall, cSLNs showed to be highly biocompatible under the experimental conditions of this study, including the capability of delivering into the central nervous system. The mechanistic understanding of biocompatibility and toxicity of cSLNs is needed for providing a safe clinical translation.
Ecotoxicity evaluation: preparation of poly-ε-caprolactone and chitosan nanoparticles as carriers of thiamethoxam pesticide
Authors: Assalin M R , dos Santos L D L , Souza D R C , Rosa M A , Duarte R C R M , Castanha R F , Donaire P P R , Durán N 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The transmission of Huanglongbing (HLB) disease on citrus plants is through dissemination of the bacteria Candidatus Liberibacter ssp, by Diaphorina citri psyllid, its insect vector. Chemical control of the psyllids, and thiamethoxam (neonicotinoid insecticide) is one of the active ingredients used in the control of HLB. This insecticide is water soluble, unstable and rapidly degraded by photolysis. Pesticide nanoformulation is one of the strategies to control release of active compound as well as protection for premature degradation. Thus, studies of the effectiveness of encapsulated pesticide formulations are extremely important for enabling its use in agriculture. This study reports the encapsulation of the insecticide thiamethoxam in polymeric particles from poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL) and chitosan by double emulsion and solvent evaporation method using different concentrations of chitosan and two Pluronic (poloxamer) copolymers, F 127 and F68. These nanoparticles were characterized in terms of size, zeta potential, polydispersity, and encapsulation efficiency. The encapsulation efficiency, measured by liquid chromatography was 34%. The nanoparticles obtained from optimized conditions resulted in homogeneous and monodisperse particles with a positive superficial charge. The microalgae Raphidocelis subcapitata (bioindicator chloroficea) and microcrustacean Artemia salina, were used to evaluate the ecotoxicity of nanopesticide in comparison to pesticide already in the market. The ecotoxicity study demonstrated that nanopesticide was less toxic that commercial formulations in the studied conditions.
Application of standardization for the design and construction of carbon nanotube-based product pilot lines in compliance with EU regulation on machinery
Authors: López de Ipiña Jesús M , Florez Sonia , Seddon Richard , Chapartegui Maialen , Hernan Angel , Insunza Mario , Vavouliotis Antonios , Koutsoukis Gregorios , Latko-Durałek Paulina , Durałek Paweł , Perez Pilar , Gutierrez-Cañas Cristina 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The “PLATFORM” manufacturing ecosystem for pilot production of pre-commercial CNT-based nano-enabled products, consists of three pilot lines (PPLs) for the manufacture of buckypapers, doped prepregs and doped veils. The PPLs have been constructed with the ultimate goal to commercialize these products in the European market in 2020/2022.This goal requires having the PPLs in compliance with the applicable product safety regulation by that date (CE marking). The main EU regulation for new machinery (as the PPLs) is the Directive 2006/42/EC on Machinery (MD). This Directive sets out the general mandatory Essential Health and Safety Requirements (EHSRs) related to the design and construction of machinery, while particular technical specifications for fulfilling them are provided in European harmonized standards. Application of harmonized standards is voluntary but confers a presumption of conformity with the EHSRs they cover. The PPLs are unique machines for own use and must comply with the MD before they are put into service, in 2020/2022. But the MD does not provide specific EHSRs for nanosafety and no harmonized standards are available in this field for the safe design of the PPLs. In this context, this paper shows the standardization strategy followed by the project PLATFORM (GA 646307) to design the PPLs in compliance with the EHSR referred to the risks to health resulting from hazardous substances emitted by machinery (MD, Annex I, EHSR 1.5.13). In the absence of nanosafety harmonized standards to satisfy the aforementioned EHSR, the design and design verification of the PPLs were carried out through A & B - type harmonized standards (e.g. EN ISO 12100, EN ISO 14123-1/2), and other European and international standards.
Determination of Rational Profile of Fine-Module Internal Ratchet Teeth When Using Cutter
Authors: Sharkov O V , Koryagin S I , Velikanov N L 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The article discusses the method for determining the length of straight sections of the working surfaces of internal fine-module ratchet teeth. A design scheme is proposed and the analysis of mathematical expressions describing the process of shaping the working edges of the ratchet teeth when cutting with a cutter by the generating method is performed. Mathematical dependences for calculation of the straight section length of the front and back edges of the ratchet teeth are obtained, allowing to determine rational profile at the design stage. It is established that the straight section on the front edge of the internal ratchet teeth can exist only at a certain value of its angle of inclination. The use of fine-module ratchet teeth of rational profile can improve the kinematic characteristics and increase the load capacity of ratchet engagement.
Informational - entropic Analysis of Dynamics of Road Safety Orderliness
Authors: Petrov Artur I , Evtyukov Sergey A , Kolesov Victor I , Petrova Daria A 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The article considers issues of identification of all-Russian and regional (on the example of Kemerovo region) road safety provision (RSP) systems orderliness. Research presents methods of identification of road safety provision system orderliness. The main idea of this methodic is the calculation of relative entropy of formation process of final result of cause-effect chain «Population – The number of vehicles – The number of road accidents – The number of victims – The number of deaths in road accidents» performance. Statistics of road accident rate during 2004…2018 was analyzed for the calculation of relative entropy. The result of research concludes that the level or road safety provision system increases in Russia generally and Kemerovo region specifically. Meanwhile the development of this process in Kemerovo region lags relatively to all-Russian one.
Relevance for Using Machines Appropriate to Strip Tillage
Authors: Myalo V V , Demshuk E V , Kuzmin D E , Soyunov A S , Sabiev U K 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
To increase the quantity and quality of any product type, it is necessary to upgrade machines, improve production processes, and minimize costs. The treated surface density, the amount of removed and transferred material should be minimal, but sufficient to create optimal conditions for the subsequent operations implementation of the technological chain, which requires the production processes adaptation to specific conditions. Therefore, the technology optimization and the machines working bodies improvement is a relevant area for research.
Material and technical support of the enterprises of the agro-industrial complex of the Omsk region management and certification of the technical component of the production processes in crop production
Authors: Myalo O V , Prokopov S P , Myalo V V , Soyunov A S , Demchuk E V 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The management of a modern enterprise of the agro-industrial complex should cover all aspects of the production of the main types of products produced. In this concept in modern economic conditions it is necessary to include not only economic indicators and ways of selling finished products, but also the use of modern technologies, production safety for the environment and people. Improvement of technologies for obtaining crop production is impossible without updating the equipment used for the mechanization and automation of production processes. For that reason, such a concept appeared in the legislation as certification of production technological processes, which pumps in the assessment of all technological process components, including the production means used, the quality of their technical condition and service. The article analyzes the current situation of the maintenance system, the structure and condition of the machine and tractor fleet of enterprises of the agro-industrial complex of the Omsk region. A method has been developed for processing information in terms of the agricultural enterprises revenue, and the share of work that the farm can transfer to a specialized technical service enterprise, taking into account its own profit, has been determined.
Elaboration of Theoretical Methods for Assessment of Isolated and Combined Physical Damage Effects of Technogenic Accident While Transporting Radiological Materials by Multimodal Transport
Authors: Tumanov Aleksander , Venevsky Sergey 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
To enhance the safety of the transport of dangerous goods in tanks, the latter should improve the mechanical (physical) protection to prevent accidental damage to the boilers, such as objects containing dangerous goods directly. Damage to the boiler will almost inevitably leads to such consequences as decompression, the leakage of liquid radioactive waste and radiation pollution of the surrounding area. This article discusses scenarios accidents when overloading with marine railway transport; the explosion of gas cylinders on board the vessel. Calculation formulas are obtained to determine the speed at which the shards is provided by probabilistic the breakout a certain thickness of the tank walls. Received probability distribution function for the specified parameters shards and material barriers, which was determined by conducting a full-scale experiment. The results of theoretical studies, experiments used to improve designs of tanks carrying LRW and recommendations for improving the security of multimodal transport.
Probabilistic Approach to the Separation of Grain Material
Authors: Sabiev U K , Yu Golovin A , Chupin P V , Soyunov A S , Abdylmanova R H 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Possible ways to improve operating elements of grain cleaning machines due to mobilization factors directly influence on qualitative and quantitative aspects of separation are presented. In relation to sieve grain cleaning machine the technological process of grain mixture separation on the sieve is presented as a block diagram. Some variants of mathematical description (models) consideration of grain material separation process are also given. The dependencies between parameters of grain material and uniformity of seed distribution on sieve area are given. Calculation formulas and schemes of definition probability of a particle entering the hole are presented. It is established, that in the range β from 0 to 30° probability of particle passage increases from 0.315 to 0.548, that is 1.74 times.
Research on Multi-uav Cooperative Tracking Target Based on PSO Predictive Control Algorithm
Authors: Wang Xudong , Zhou Wei , Wang Xiaowei 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In the multiple unmanned aerial vehicle (multi-uav) cooperative tracking target control system, the control system is extremely complex due to the nonlinear control model and constraints. In this paper, multi-uav cooperative tracking target motion modeling is adopted, optimization performance indicators is established, and multi-objective rolling optimization is transformed to single-objective optimization. Finally, particle swarm optimization (PSO) prediction control algorithm is adopted for optimization solution, realizing real-time control of multi-uav cooperative tracking target, and its feasibility is verified by simulation.
Research on Performance of a Kind of Compound-type Corrosion-Inhibition Bactericide
Authors: Changshan Huang , Jinying Wu , Min Chen , Huiwu Xu , Min Zhang , Mian Xue , Xiaoguang Zhang 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In the experiment, rotative weight loss method, electrochemical polarization, MPN, etc. were used to investigate the corrosion inhibition and bactericidal performance of compound-type corrosion-inhibition bactericide composed of phosphono-, carboxyl quaternary ammonium salt, etc. on A3 carbon steel in industrial recycling cooling water. The experimental test results showed that when the content of compound agentia reached 100 mg. L−1, the corrosion rate of it on A3 carbon steel was 0.0366 mm. a−1, superior to relative standard regulations, less than 0. 075mm.a−1. While metallographic-phase microscopy test showed that there is a layer of protective film on the surface of A3 carbon steel, which indicated that compound agentia had relatively better corrosion-inhibition effect on A3 carbon steel; when the content of compound agentia reached 80-100 mg. L−1, the sterilizing rate of compound agentia on heterotrophic bacterium and sulfate reducing bacteria were up to more than 99%, which indicated that compound agentia had good bactericidal performance.
Numerical Analysis of the Influence of Superconductor and Magnet Material Parameters on the Dynamic Stability of Maglev Systems
Authors: Huang Chen-Guang , Xu Bin 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In previous research, a two-dimensional numerical model based on Newton’s second law and Maxwell’s equations was developed to analyze the dynamic behavior of superconducting maglev systems. Studies showed that vibration and drift phenomena will occur in the vertical and lateral directions triggered by external disturbances, resulting in a change in the levitation point and even instability. In this paper, a numerical analysis is further carried out to alleviate these situations. The dependence of the drifts of vertical and lateral vibration centers of the levitated body upon system material parameters, such as the magnetization of permanent magnets and the critical current density of superconductor, is studied in terms of a power law model. In addition, the influence of the configuration of permanent magnets on the dynamic stability is analyzed.
Investigation of a possible association of potentially inappropriate medication for older adults and frailty in a prospective cohort study from Germany
Authors: Muhlack Dana Clarissa , Hoppe Liesa Katharina , Saum Kai-Uwe , Haefeli Walter E , Brenner Hermann , Schöttker Ben 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Objective
potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) are commonly defined as drugs that should be avoided in older adults because they are considered to have a negative risk-benefit ratio. PIMs are suspected to increase the risk for frailty, but this has yet to be examined.

Design
prospective population-based cohort study.

Setting and participants
a German cohort of community-dwelling older adults (≥60 years) was followed from October 2008 to September 2016.

Methods
in propensity score-adjusted logistic and Cox regression models, associations between baseline PIM use and prevalent/incident frailty were investigated. Frailty was assessed using the definition by Fried and co-workers, PIM were defined with the 2015 BEERS criteria, the BEERS criteria to avoid in cognitively impaired patients (BEERS dementia PIM), the EU(7)-PIM and the PRISCUS list.

Results
of 2,865 participants, 261 were frail at baseline and 423 became frail during follow-up. Only BEERS dementia PIM use was statistically significantly associated with prevalent frailty (odds ratio (95% confidence interval), 1.51 (1.04–2.17)). The strength of the association was comparable for all frailty components. Similarly, in longitudinal analyses, only BEERS dementia PIM use was associated with incident frailty albeit not statistically significant (hazard ratio, 1.19 (0.84–1.68)).

Conclusions
the association of PIM use and frailty seems to be restricted to drug classes, which can induce frailty symptoms (anticholinergics, benzodiazepines, z-substances and antipsychotics). Physicians are advised to perform frailty assessments before and after prescribing these drug classes to older patients and to reconsider treatment decisions in case of negative performance changes.
Optimization of intravenous immune globulin use at a comprehensive cancer center
Authors: Figgins Bradley S , Aitken Samuel L , Whited Laura K 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Purpose
Intravenous immune globulin (IVIG) is a high-cost medication used in a diverse range of settings. At many institutions, IVIG is dosed using total body weight (TBW). Recent evidence suggests that alternative dosing weights reduce waste without compromising clinical outcomes. The objective of this study was to quantify the waste reduction potential generated through the use of alternative IVIG dosing weights.

Methods
We performed a retrospective analysis of all IVIG doses administered from January 2011 through January 2016 to adults (≥18 years). TBW and height at the time of administration were used to calculate prescribed dose (g/kg), ideal body weight (IBW), and adjusted body weight (AdjBW). Three dosing methods were analyzed, as follows: use of AdjBW if TBW is >120% IBW (method 1), AdjBW for all doses (method 2), and IBW for all doses (method 3). Outcomes included potential IVIG use averted, direct drug cost savings, and reductions in outpatient infusion times for each method.

Results
A total of 9,918 doses were administered to 2,564 patients over 5 years, representing an average usage of 75,994 g/year. If dosing methods 1, 2, and 3 had been used, the annual use of IVIG would have decreased by 21.9% (16,658 g/year, p < 0.001), 24.2% (18,371 g/year, p < 0.001), and 35.9% (27,252 g/year, p < 0.001), respectively. This translates into average annual cost differences of $2.37 million, $2.62 million, and $3.89 million and average annual outpatient infusion time savings of 841 hours, 920 hours, and 1,366 hours, respectively.

Conclusion
IVIG dosing optimization through use of alternative dosing weights represents a significant source of waste reduction and cost reduction.