bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of erectile function post TURP versus transvesical prostatectomy
Authors: Shebl Salah E. , Hamid Mohamed Abdel , Mohamed Amir 
Published: June 2019

Background
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a frequent disorder in old men. It is characterized by hyperplasia of the inner glands of the prostate. BPH induces urine outflow obstruction, consequently causing morphological and functional disorders of the lower and upper urinary tract. Patients with BPH frequently complain of weak or no erection at all. Many of patients at these age suffering from decrease in testesterone level. The older patients have sexual dysfunctions more frequently.

Objectives
To choose the procedure that has the least effect on erectile function, we evaluated the effect of both operations on erectile function (open prostatectomy transvesical approach and transurethral resection of the prostate).

Patients and methods
The study was carried out at the Urology Department at Al-Zahra University Hospital between April 2014 and July 2017. Our study included 60 patients suffering from BPH who were divided into two groups,: group A comprised 30 patients who underwent transurethral resection of the prostate and group B comprised 30 patients who underwent transvesical prostatectomy. All patients underwent complete history taking, including international index erectile function questionnaire-5, full clinical examination, kidney function tests, liver function tests, complete blood count, fasting glucose, prostatic specific antigen (PSA), serum testosterone, sex hormone-binding globulin, estradiol level, and penile duplex, uroflowmetry preoperatively and 6 months postoperatively.

Results
By comparison, in group A and group B, international index erectile function questionnaire-5 was not significantly changed in both groups, and neither was penile duplex significantly changed.

Conclusion
There was no significant difference in erectile function between both groups; there was also no difference between before and after each operation.
Effect of low-dose systemic steroid therapy on the management of severe community-acquired pneumonia
Authors: Kabil Ahmed E. , Ewis Ahmed M. , Makboul Khaled S. , Nour Mohamed O. 
Published: June 2019

Introduction
The rationale behind the study is that as severe pneumonia is associated with local and systemic inflammatory response, the systemic steroid with its anti-inflammatory effect may affect the outcome and prognosis in severe pneumonia.

Objective
The aim was to assess the effect of systemic steroid on the course and outcomes of severe community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).

Patients and methods
This study was a prospective, randomized, controlled study conducted on 60 patients, hospitalized with severe CAP. The patients were divided into two groups: a case group undergone usual antibiotic regimen for CAP according to the guidelines plus systemic steroid therapy with prednisolone 0.5 mg/kg daily for 1 week and a control group without any systemic steroids. The primary outcome was the treatment success and duration of hospitalization.

Results
The treatment was more successful in the case group compared with the control group (93.3 vs. 70.0%, respectively) with statistically significant difference. The mean days of hospitalization, the mean levels of C-reactive protein after treatment, and the mean decline of C-reactive protein levels were significantly lower among the case group. However, there was no significant difference between the two groups as regards mortality.

Conclusion
Low-dose systemic steroids significantly increase the success of treatment in severe CAP with less days of hospitalization.
Pulmonary fungal infection in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Mahmoud Eman M. , El-Din Magd M. Galal , Hafez Manal R. , Sobh Eman , Ibrahim Radwa S. 
Published: June 2019

Background
Pulmonary fungal infection (PFI) is increasing among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Survival depends on rapid diagnosis and early treatment.

Aims
To assess the prevalence of PFI in acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD), and to investigate the clinical, demographic, and radiological findings related to PFI in COPD patients.

Patients and methods
This observational cross-sectional study was conducted on 80 patients with AECOPD. High-resolution computed tomography, fiberoptic bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage, spirometry, sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage fungal culture and measurements of serum 1, 3 beta-D-glucan (BDG) were done for all patients. They were classified into possible PFI and probable PFI based on the Bulpa and colleagues criteria.

Results
Among the 80 studied patients, 19 patients had possible PFI, and 61 patients had probable PFI; of them 12 patients had positive BDG and 49 had negative BDG. The use of either systemic steroids and/or antibiotics in the last 3 months was higher in patients with probable PFI than those with possible PFI (P=0.003). The daily dose (mg/kg) and duration of systemic steroids were higher in patients with probable PFI (P=0.001). The use of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS), its dose, and its duration did not differ between both groups.

Conclusion
Probable PFI is prevalent among patients with AECOPD 61 (76.3%); of them 19.7% was invasive form. PFI in AECOPD is related to the use, dose, and duration of systemic steroids and antibiotic use in the last 3 months. Therefore, a lower dose or interrupted course of systemic steroid must be considered in COPD patients.
Comparative study between usage of Herbert screw versus Kirschner wires in the management of nonunited fracture scaphoid
Authors: Hamed Hamed L. , Yehya Mohamed A. , El-behairy Hassan F. , Saleh Ayman K. , Abdelaziz Ashraf 
Published: June 2019

Purpose
This study aimed to compare between the usage of Herbert screw versus Kirschner wires (K-wires) in the treatment of nonunited fractured scaphoid regarding the most effective and less complicating procedure.

Patients and methods
It is a retrospective, comparative study that compared the usage of Herbert screw versus K-wires with bone graft from iliac crest in the management of patients with nonunited scaphoid fractures who were admitted in the Department of Orthopedic Surgery in Alzahraa University Hospital during the period from October 2016 to June 2018. Twenty patients were included in the study. Among them, 10 were subjected to internal fixation using Herbert screws, while 10 patients were subjected to internal fixation using K-wires.

Results
Patients subjected to K-wires achieved a union rate (80%) superior to patients subordinated to Herbert screw (60%) as a method of internal fixation. Moreover, patients subjected to Herbert screw suffered more complications in the form of impingement with pain and progressive degeneration. Patients subjected to K-wires had a better functional outcome when compared with those exposed to the Herbert screw. In multivariate regression analysis, only male patients appeared to be independent predictors of time to bone healing.

Conclusion
A combination of thorough impaction of iliac bone graft, and internal fixation with K-wires, and Herbert screws provides a good option for the treatment of scaphoid nonunion with superiority of K-wires regarding safety, feasibly, and outcomes when compared with Herbert screw especially in the absence of avascular necrosis of the proximal fragment.
Association of platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 gene polymorphism (Leu125Val) with coronary artery disease in type II diabetics and nondiabetics
Authors: El-Kishki Maha M.S. , Abdelfattah Alramly Amal M. , Taha Mohamed O. , El Din Medhat Rana A. 
Published: June 2019

Background and objectives
Platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1) plays a key role in the transendothelial migration of circulating leukocytes (diapedesis) during vascular inflammation. Polymorphism (Leu125Val) of the PECAM-1 gene (373C/G) is functional. It was reported to be associated with high serum level of PECAM-1. We hypothesized that this genetic variation of the PECAM-1 gene could be associated with the development of atherosclerosis. Therefore we conducted a study to investigate the association between single-nucleotide polymorphism of the PECAM-1 gene, C+373G (Leu125Val) at exon 3, in Egyptian patients with coronary artery disease.

Patients and methods
Blood samples were withdrawn from 40 coronary artery disease patients and 20 age-matched and sex-matched controls. The single-nucleotide polymorphism of the PECAM-1 gene was analyzed by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism strategy.

Results
Genotype distributions between patient and control groups showed no significant statistical difference regarding the CC genotype, where 22.5% of patients and 35% of controls carried this genotype (P=0.470). As for the CG genotype, a statistically significant higher CG genotype distribution was found in patients, where 52.5% of patients and only 20% of controls carried this genotype (P=0.033). There was no statistically significant difference in GG distributions between patient and control groups, where 25% of patients and 45% of controls carried this genotype (P=0.202). No significant statistical difference was observed in allele frequency between the two groups, where 51.25% of patients and 55% of controls carry the G allele and 48.7% of patients and 45% of controls carry the C allele (P=0.846).

Interpretation and conclusion
We concluded that our study demonstrated a possible effect of PECAM-1 (Leu125Val) polymorphism on the development of atherosclerosis.
Challenges in the management of primary lower extremity varicose veins
Authors: Mousa Ahmed , El Azzazi Mohamed , Bosat Bosat E. 
Published: June 2019

Background
Varicose vein is considered as one of the commonly practiced venous problems for decades not only by vascular surgeons but also by general surgeons.

Aim
The purpose of the current study was to compare the results of management of lower limb superficial varicosities using conventional surgery versus endovenous laser ablation (EVLA) therapy.

Patients and methods
A retrospective study took place in the period of three years from January 2015 until December 2017. Patients were selected for having reflux of the great saphenous vein (GSV) with primary varicosities of the lower limb presenting to the vascular surgery clinic. Patients were divided into two groups: group I included those who were treated with GSV short stripping and saphenofemoral junction disconnection, whereas group II involved patients who underwent EVLA.

Results
The study included 80 patients. There were 50 females and 30 males, with a female to male ratio of 5 : 3. Patients’ age ranged from 22 to 44 years, with a median age of 34 years. There was a significantly higher initial technical success rate of 95% (n=38) in the group treated with EVLA versus 90% (n=36) in the group treated surgically (P=0 · 006). Operative outcome was statistically significantly higher in the group treated with EVLA compared with the surgically treated group (P=0.002). A significant difference between operative procedures versus operative outcome was seen (P=0.002). Recurrent varicosities were observed in 10% and 5% in group I and group II, respectively. Heat-induced deep vein thrombosis was reported in 2.5% of cases.

Conclusion
Treatment of superficial varicosities with EVLA had a lower incidence recurrence rate than traditional surgery in the short-term follow-up. Moreover, the minimally invasive EVLA therapy, especially, in female patients seems to be a highly effective and safe modality for treatment of primary GSV varicosities.
A comparative study between Limberg flap and cleft lift procedures in the treatment of sacrococcygeal pilonidal sinus disease
Authors: Megahed Hazem A. 
Published: June 2019

Introduction
This was a prospective, randomized study designed to compare the effects and outcomes of Limberg flap (rhomboid excision) and cleft lift procedure.

Patients and methods
Between June 2014 and June 2017, 40 patients underwent surgical treatment for uncomplicated sacrococcygeal pilonidal sinus in the Surgery Department, Al-Azhar University Hospital, New Damietta. The patients were randomly subdivided into two groups: group A comprising 20 patients who underwent the Limberg flap procedure (rhomboid excision) and group B comprising 20 patients who underwent the cleft lift procedure.

Results
As regards operative time and weight of resected tissue, there was a significant decrease in group B (carried out by cleft lift procedure) in comparison with group A (carried out by Limberg flap procedure) (33±4.2, 12.1±5.23 vs. 42±5.1, 25.4±3.59, respectively). Moreover, there was a decrease in the postoperative pain (measured by a visual analog scale) in group B in comparison with group A, mainly on the first and seventh days, but this difference in the postoperative pain was nonsignificant. In addition, there was a nonsignificant decrease in the mean hospital stay and healing time in group B in comparison with group A. As regards the postoperative complications, there was nonsignificant decrease in postoperative seroma and superficial skin separation in group B in comparison with group A. The recurrence rate shows no statistically significant difference between the two groups.

Conclusion
Both the cleft lift and the Limberg flap procedures gave similar good results, except that the cleft lift procedure has a shorter operative time.
Surgical management of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage
Authors: Alkhadrawy Shehab M. , Alaghory Islam M. , Selim Mahmoud M. 
Published: June 2019

Background
Spontaneous, nontraumatic intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. Although ICH has traditionally lagged behind ischemic stroke and aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage in terms of evidence from clinical trials to guide management, the past decade has seen a dramatic increase in studies of ICH intervention.

Aimof study
The aim of the study is to assess the benefits of surgical evacuation of spontaneous ICH and the factors affecting the outcome.

Patients and methods
The presented study includes 30 patients with spontaneous hypertensive ICH who had surgical evacuation in Al-Azhar University Hospitals and Matarya Teaching Hospital.
A history and examination, including an assessment of the baseline level of consciousness by the Glasgow coma scale (GCS) and of the neurological status, were obtained at the time of admission. The time of onset of symptoms was determined on the basis of interview of the patient, family, and witnesses.

Results
There is a statistically highly significant relationship between GCS on admission (preoperative) and outcome (P=0.002, highly significant). GCS preoperative is significantly correlated with GCS postoperative, that is the better the GCS preoperative is, the better the GCS postoperative would be. There is a statistically highly significant relationship between volume of hematoma and outcome (P=0.01, highly significant). No statistically significant difference was detected between the outcome of cases with residual hematoma volume (≤20 ml) after surgical evacuation and cases with total hematoma evacuation (P=0.81, nonsignificant). No statistically significant difference was detected between the outcome of the diabetic and nondiabetic patients (P=0.86, nonsignificant). The best surgical results were obtained in patients who present early, with a hematoma size of 30–60 ml, and in patients with a GCS of above 10.

Conclusion
Spontaneous ICH is a treatable condition provided that the patients receive appropriate care from trained staff to deal with such cases. The best candidates for ICH evacuation are those with hematoma volume 30–60 ml and GCS more than 10.
Sugammadex versus neostigmine in reversal of rocuronium-induced neuromuscular block in obese patients
Authors: Elnasr Awad Amira A. , Gharib Hoda S. , El Said Tarek M. 
Published: June 2019

Background
Obese patients are especially susceptible to critical respiratory events in the postoperative period, including airway obstruction, hypoventilation, hypercapnia, hypoxia, and postoperative residual curarization (PORC); hence, rapid and complete reversal of neuromuscular blockade (NMB) is desirable at the end of surgery.

Objective
This study aimed to compare between the effect of sugammadex and neostigmine on recovery time, PORC and estimate postoperative complications at the postanaesthetic care unit in obese patients.

Patients and methods
Seventy obese patients, BMI greater than 35 kg/m2 American Society of Anaesthesiologist class I–II, scheduled for a surgical procedure under general anesthesia were included in this study. Patients received rocuronium for muscle relaxation, and, at the end of the surgery, patients were divided randomly into two groups: one group received sugammadex 2 mg/kg of ideal body weight (group S) and the other group received neostigmine 0.05 mg/kg plus atropine 0.01 mg/kg of ideal body weight (group N) to reverse the NMB. NMB was monitored using train-of-four (TOF). At reappearance of the second twitch (T2) of TOF, patients received the study drugs, and time to reach (TOF) greater than 0.9, was recorded. All patients were observed at the postanaesthetic care unit for one hour for PORC and haemodynamic value (heart rate, mean arterial pressure, and SpO2) by a blinded investigator.

Results
At the end of surgery extubation was done when reached a train-of-four (TOF %) score of 2, patients at this percentage received the study drugs the neuromuscular function was recorded and time to achieve 90% of TOF (safe extubation) was measured. Train-of-four (TOF%) is the ratio of the fourth muscle response to the first one. It meaning median time to recovery of the T4:T1 ratio to 0.9.

Conclusion
Administration of sugammadex provides fast recovery of neuromuscular function than neostigmine following NMB by rocuronium and prevents PORC in obese patients.
Estilo de liderança, assimetria de informação e uso avaliativo do orçamento constituem-se antecedentes a participação orçamentária?
Authors: Lunardi Micheli Aparecida , Degenhart Larissa , Zonatto Vinícius Costa da Silva 
Published: June 2019

Este estudo investiga os motivos pelos quais superiores incentivam a participação do subordinado nos processos orçamentários de empresas industriais sediadas no Brasil, mediante análise dos efeitos de antecedentes a participação orçamentária: estilo de liderança, assimetria da informação e uso avaliativo do orçamento. Pesquisa descritiva foi realizada mediante levantamento, com aplicação de questionário em amostra de 106 gerentes, analistas, coordenadores de orçamento ou controllers, e análise quantitativa dos dados, com auxílio de Modelagem de Equações Estruturais. Os resultados revelaram que superiores encorajam a participação dos subordinados quando o estilo de liderança do superior é considerado. Os motivos pelos quais os superiores incentivam esta participação estão relacionados a: obtenção de informações privadas de conhecimento de gestores subordinados; e, definição de objetivos e metas orçamentárias para avaliação de desempenho. Nem todos os antecedentes testados foram confirmados no contexto de atuação das empresas sediadas no Brasil, o que abre perspectivas a realização de novos estudos sobre o tema. Concluiu-se que estilo de liderança, uso avaliativo do orçamento e incentivo a participação orçamentária constituem-se antecedentes a participação dos gestores subordinados nos processos orçamentários de suas organizações. Estes achados permitem compreender o papel do líder nas organizações, a importância da utilização de metas orçamentárias para avaliação de desempenho dos subordinados e o incentivo à participação como recurso para qualificação dos processos orçamentários.
Raindrop shapes and fall velocities in “turbulent times”
Authors: Thurai Merhala , Schönhuber Michael , Lammer Günter , Bringi Viswanathan 
Published: June 2019

Abstract. Raindrop shapes and fall velocities measured by
2-dimensional video disdrometer are presented for 2 high-wind/turbulent
events. The shapes were reconstructed using a relatively new technique. 10 m
height wind sensor data are used to derive proxy-indicators for turbulent
intensities. Our results show strong gusts, directional wind shifts (i.e.
shear) and/or inferred high turbulence intensity are correlated with reduced
fall speeds, reaching values ∼25 %–30 % less than the
expected values, i.e. sub-terminal fall speeds. Significant percentage
(20 %–35 %) of asymmetric drops (> 2 mm) deviating from the most
probable axisymmetric shapes were also detected for some events with high
turbulent intensities.
Dronopoetics: Unmanned Aerial Cinematography and Ivan Sen’s Goldstone
Authors: Binns Daniel 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The use of unmanned aerial vehicles in mainstream cinema has been underexplored in film scholarship. This article seeks to address this by looking at Ivan Sen’s use of odd aerial perspectives in his 2016 film Goldstone, captured with the use of drones. This article considers the history of aerial photography and its impacts, before analyzing three drone shots from Goldstone, in terms of what these shots contain, and how they are situated in the edit. What is proposed is a poetics of drone cinematography, as observed in Sen’s film but applicable to all visual media. This poetics considers what the drone affords the cinematographer, director, and editor in terms of perspective. Finally, Deleuze’s film-philosophy and posthuman theory are co-opted to explore what drone footage affords Ivan Sen and all filmmakers in terms of the cinematic inscription of an attitude to the environment.
A propósito de un diagnóstico de neurofibromatosis tipo 1 - enfermedad de Von Recklinghausen
Authors: Guevara Ana Luz , Rodríguez Nadia 
Published: June 2019

Existen dos tipos de neurofibromatosis, de acuerdo a su origen genético, la tipo 1 (NF1), anteriormente denominada neurofibromatosis de von Recklinghausen, que es el tipo más frecuente y constituye hasta el 90 % de los pacientes con esta afección1.La NF1 es un desorden neurocutáneo hereditario, autosómico dominante, con alta variabilidad clínica y que tiene un curso progresivo. Se caracteriza por manchas de color llamadas “café con leche”, nódulos de Lisch en el iris, pecas axilares o inguinales y múltiples tumoraciones de tejido nervioso o neurofibromas que pueden estar ubicados en cualquier parte del cuerpo, ya sea en el tejido subcutáneo o en los nervios del cerebro (pares craneales) y de la médula espinal (nervios o pares raquídeos)2. Si alguno de los padres padece NF1, cada hijo tiene un 50% de probabilidades de desarrollar la enfermedad. Sin embargo, también puede aparecer en familias sin antecedentes. En estos casos, se debe a la mutación de un gen para una proteína llamada neurofibromina, en el espermatozoide o en el óvulo3.