bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low plasma haptoglobin is a risk factor for life-threatening childhood severe malarial anemia and not an exclusive consequence of hemolysis
Authors: Abah Samuel Eneọjọ , Burté Florence , Marquet Sandrine , Brown Biobele J. , Akinkunmi Francis , Oyinloye Gbeminiyi , Afolabi Nathaniel K. , Omokhodion Samuel , Lagunju Ikeoluwa , Shokunbi Wuraola A. , Wahlgren Mats , Dessein Hélia , Argiro Laurent , Dessein Alain J. , Noyvert Boris , Hunt Lilian , Elgar Greg , Sodeinde Olugbemiro , Holder Anthony A. , Fernandez-Reyes Delmiro 
Published: November 2018

AbstractSevere Malarial Anemia (SMA), a life-threatening childhood Plasmodium falciparum malaria syndrome requiring urgent blood transfusion, exhibits inflammatory and hemolytic pathology. Differentiating between hypo-haptoglobinemia due to hemolysis or that of genetic origin is key to understand SMA pathogenesis. We hypothesized that while malaria-induced hypo-haptoglobinemia should reverse at recovery, that of genetic etiology should not. We carried-out a case-control study of children living under hyper-endemic holoendemic malaria burden in the sub-Saharan metropolis of Ibadan, Nigeria. We show that hypo-haptoglobinemia is a risk factor for childhood SMA and not solely due to intravascular hemolysis from underlying schizogony. In children presenting with SMA, hypo-haptoglobinemia remains through convalescence to recovery suggesting a genetic cause. We identified a haptoglobin gene variant, rs12162087 (g.-1203G > A, frequency = 0.67), to be associated with plasma haptoglobin levels (p = 8.5 × 10−6). The Homo-Var:(AA) is associated with high plasma haptoglobin while the reference Homo-Ref:(GG) is associated with hypo-haptoglobinemia (p = 2.3 × 10−6). The variant is associated with SMA, with the most support for a risk effect for Homo-Ref genotype. Our insights on regulatory haptoglobin genotypes and hypo-haptoglobinemia suggest that haptoglobin screening could be part of risk-assessment algorithms to prevent rapid disease progression towards SMA in regions with no-access to urgent blood transfusion where SMA accounts for high childhood mortality rates.
Flexible metamaterial absorber with wide incident angle insensitivity for conformal applications
Authors: Chejarla S. , Thummaluru S.R. , Chaudhary R.K. 
Published: November 2018

This Letter demonstrates design, simulation, fabrication and performance of a metamaterial (MTM) absorber having wide incident angle insensitivity for conformal applications in X‐band region. The important feature of the proposed structure is achieving more than 90% absorptivity with very low thickness. In this design, an FR4 material having thickness 0.1 mm is used as a substrate. Hence, the overall thickness of the proposed MTM absorber is only 1/81 of the wavelength at the resonance frequency of 9.2 GHz. Also, the presented absorber is offering more than 80% absorptivity up to 50° incident angle which is very much suitable for conformal applications where curved surfaces are involved. Designed MTM absorber has been fabricated and simulation results are experimentally verified.
Development and characterisation of electroplating silver/silver chloride modified microelectrode arrays
Authors: Bao Bufeng , Ji Bowen , Wang Minghao , Gao Kunpeng , Yang Bin , Chen Xiang , Wang Xiaolin , Liu Jingquan 
Published: November 2018

This work proposes an electroplating Ag/AgCl method to modify microelectrode arrays for the application of neural prosthesis. The conventional Ag/AgCl electrode is considered as a reference electrode due to its excellent long‐term stability. However, the Ag/AgCl modified microelectrode is chosen as a working electrode in this work. The electrode with the surface area of 3.14 × 10−4 cm2 was fabricated individually by electroplating silver. The surface of the electroplated silver was chemically chloridised to form the Ag/AgCl microelectrode. The experimental results show that the fabricated Ag/AgCl microelectrode exhibits higher charge storage capacity than the unmodified microelectrode. The impedance of the Ag/AgCl modified microelectrode at 0.1 Hz is 7447 Ω, which decreases with two orders of magnitude compared to the unmodified one. What is more, the Ag/AgCl modified microelectrode shows clearly enhanced transduction in ionic media and improved stability based on impedance spectroscopy results. Therefore, this functionalised Ag/AgCl can be deployed as a significant electrochemical modification material.
Photometric detection of internal gravity waves in upper main-sequence stars
Authors: Bowman D. M. , Aerts C. , Johnston C. , Pedersen M. G. , Rogers T. M. , Edelmann P. V. F. , Simón-Díaz S. , Van Reeth T. , Buysschaert B. , Tkachenko A. , Triana S. A. 
Published: November 2018

Context.Main sequence stars with a convective core are predicted to stochastically excite internal gravity waves (IGWs), which effectively transport angular momentum throughout the stellar interior and explain the observed near-uniform interior rotation rates of intermediate-mass stars. However, there are few detections of IGWs, and fewer still made using photometry, with more detections needed to constrain numerical simulations.Aims.We aim to formalise the detection and characterisation of IGWs in photometric observations of stars born with convective cores (M ≳ 1.5M⊙) and parameterise the low-frequency power excess caused by IGWs.Methods.Using the most recent CoRoT light curves for a sample of O, B, A and F stars, we parameterised the morphology of the flux contribution of IGWs in Fourier space using an MCMC numerical scheme within a Bayesian framework. We compared this to predictions from IGW numerical simulations and investigated how the observed morphology changes as a function of stellar parameters.Results.We demonstrate that a common morphology for the low-frequency power excess is observed in early-type stars observed by CoRoT. Our study shows that a background frequency-dependent source of astrophysical signal is common, which we interpret as IGWs. We provide constraints on the amplitudes of IGWs and the shape of their detected frequency spectrum across a range of mass, which is the first ensemble study of stochastic variability in such a diverse sample of stars.Conclusions.The evidence of a low-frequency power excess across a wide mass range supports the interpretation of IGWs in photometry of O, B, A and F stars. We also discuss the prospects of observing hundreds of massive stars with the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) in the near future.
Seasonal Difference in Bone Characteristics and Body Composition of Elite Speed Skaters
Authors: Varley Ian , Greeves Julie , Sale Craig 
Published: November 2018

AbstractWe investigated the changes in bone characteristics and body composition of elite speed skaters across two competitive seasons. Twelve elite speed skaters (age 23±4 years; height 1.73±0.09 m; body mass 68.5±8.8 kg; mean±1 SD) were assessed by DXA and pQCT for Bone Mineral Density (BMD), Bone Mineral Content (BMC), area, bone strength, cortical thickness and density at four points over the course of four competitive seasons. Body composition data was also collected. A main effect of time was shown for whole body BMC, right leg BMC, and trabecular area (P<0.05). Whole body BMC was higher during pre-season and end of season in comparison to mid-season (1.0%, P=0.007; 0.8%, P=0.017), right leg BMC was higher at the pre-season scan in comparison to the post pre-season scan (1.8%,P=0.020) and trabecular area was higher during the mid-season and end of season when compared to the pre-season (1.4%, P=0.012; 1.0%, P=0.003). Seasonal changes in bone characteristics and body composition are shown in elite speed skaters over a competitive season. The changes are thought to be a result of fluctuations in training load. These data may have implications for training design and injury risk management in elite sport.
Fun with (4+3)-Cycloadditions
Authors: Harmata Michael 
Published: November 2018

This account describes how I began my adventure in the area of (4+3)-cycloadditions and then focuses on two ongoing projects: a new catalytic asymmetric (4+3)-cycloaddition and what might be described as the ‘rebirth’ of oxidopyridinium ion (4+3)-cycloaddition chemistry. References to other people’s work are made where appropriate.1	Introduction2	Asymmetric, Catalytic (4+3)-Cycloadditions3	Oxidopyridinium Ions and (4+3)-Cycloadditions4	Conclusions and the Future
Tris(acetylacetonato) Iron(III): Recent Developments and Synthetic Applications
Authors: Lübken Dennis , Saxarra Marius , Kalesse Markus 
Published: November 2018

Tris(acetylacetonato) iron(III) [Fe(acac)3] is an indispensable reagent in synthetic chemistry. Its applications range from hydrogen atom transfer to cross-coupling reactions and to use as a Lewis acid. Consequently, the exceptional utility of Fe(acac)3 has been demonstrated in several total syntheses. This short review summarizes the applications of Fe(acac)3 in methodology and catalysis and highlights its use for the synthesis of medicinally relevant structures and in natural product syntheses.1	Introduction2	Hydrogen Atom Transfer (HAT)3	Oxidations and Radical Transformations4	Synthesis and Use of Alkynes and Allenes5	Cross-Couplings and Cycloisomerizations6	Borylations7	Miscellaneous Reactions8	Conclusions
Novel Application of Steroid Eluting Stent in Petrous Apex Cholesterol Granuloma
Authors: Choi Kevin J. , Jang David W. , Zomorodi Ali R. , Codd Patrick J. , Friedman Allan , Abi Hachem Ralph 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Objective This study describes the safety and efficacy of mometasone furoate eluting stents in the management of petrous apex cholesterol granuloma approached through an endonasal endoscopic route and assesses the restenosis rate.
Methods Consecutive patients undergoing endoscopic endonasal marsupialization of a petrous apex cholesterol granuloma at a tertiary referral center who had a mometasone furoate eluting stent placed intraoperatively were reviewed in a retrospective fashion. Postoperative endoscopy was used to determine success of surgery and stenting.
Results Five patients were included in the study, three were primary cases and two patients had revision surgeries performed. The steroid eluting stent was placed successfully and safely in all patients with no dural or vascular injuries. The average follow-up duration was 10.6 months. There was no restenosis in three patients and one patient had an immediate restenosis that was debrided in clinic (revision case). This was patent at the 16 months follow-up. One patient also developed stenosis, 4 months after surgery due to sphenoid sinusitis.
Conclusion Mometasone furoate eluting stents are safe and effective in the primary management of petrous apex cholesterol granuloma. Further studies are needed to assess their efficacy in revision cases and for long term results.
Role of Splenic Artery Embolization in Gastric Variceal Hemorrhage due to Sinistral Portal Hypertension
Authors: Sebastian Bibin , Singhal Soumil , Madhurkar Rohit , Alex Arun , Uthappa M. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractSinistral or left-sided portal hypertension is a localized form of portal hypertension usually due to isolated obstruction of splenic vein. Most commonly, it is secondary to pancreatitis. Rarely this can present as life-threatening gastric variceal bleeding. In such patients, splenectomy is traditionally considered as the treatment of choice to relieve venous hypertension. Unfortunately, a surgical operation may not be safe in most of the patients because of the unfavorable operative field. Splenic artery embolization (SAE) is an effective method, theoretically akin to splenectomy, blocking the direct arterial inflow to the spleen and thereby reducing the outflow venous pressure. The authors demonstrate a case of a 58-year-old man who presented with severe gastric variceal hemorrhage due to sinistral portal hypertension (SPH) secondary to an episode of pancreatitis, which he had 1 month back. He was successfully managed by SAE and remains symptom-free. The authors bring to the fore the potential curability of gastric variceal hemorrhage secondary to SPH using SAE, which is a safe and effective interventional radiologic procedure.
Partial Splenic Artery Embolization for the Treatment of ITP: A Case Series-Pilot Study
Authors: Thomas Mathew , Yadav Manish , George Elsa 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe purpose of this pilot study was to assess the effectiveness of partial splenic artery embolization (PSE), in the treatment and management of immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). Six patients with ITP who underwent PSE were followed up. The condition was either refractory to medications like steroids, intravenous immunoglobulin, immunosuppressants, or required very high doses of these drugs which could not be tapered down. Five out of six patients did not have good response even after adding immunosuppresants to steroids. The 6 patients who underwent PSE were followed up to 7 to 18 months with an average duration of 3.5 years. A therapeutic effect was defined as a platelet count of > 10,000/cumm (level below which spontaneous bleeding is likely to occur) at the last follow-up date with marked decrease in drug dosage. A good response was seen in all the patients – their doses of drugs could be reduced considerably and all had platelet count well above 10,000 during the last follow up after PSE. None of the patients who underwent embolization had any serious complications.
Dual functions for OVAAL in initiation of RAF/MEK/ERK prosurvival signals and evasion of p27-mediated cellular senescence
Authors: Sang Ben , Zhang Yuan Yuan , Guo Su Tang , Kong Ling Fei , Cheng Qiong , Liu Guang Zhi , Thorne Rick F. , Zhang Xu Dong , Jin Lei , Wu Mian 
Published: November 2018

Significance
Here, we report that the long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) ovarian adenocarcinoma-amplified lncRNA (OVAAL) is a mediator of cancer cell resistance, counteracting the effects of apoptosis-inducing agents acting through both the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways. Building upon previous reports associating OVAAL amplification with ovarian and endometrial cancers, we now show that OVAAL overexpression occurs during the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer and melanoma. Mechanistically, our findings also establish that OVAAL expression more generally contributes a prosurvival role to cancer cells under steady-state conditions. OVAAL accomplishes these actions utilizing distinct functional modalities: one promoting activation of RAF/MEK/ERK signaling and the other blocking cell entry into senescence. Our study demonstrates that expression of a single OVAAL in cancer cells drives two distinct but coordinated actions contributing to cancer pathology.
Biparental Inheritance of Mitochondrial DNA in Humans
Authors: Luo Shiyu , Valencia C. Alexander , Zhang Jinglan , Lee Ni-Chung , Slone Jesse , Gui Baoheng , Wang Xinjian , Li Zhuo , Dell Sarah , Brown Jenice , Chen Stella Maris , Chien Yin-Hsiu , Hwu Wuh-Liang , Fan Pi-Chuan , Wong Lee-Jun , Atwal Paldeep S. , Huang Taosheng 
Published: November 2018

Significance
The energy-producing organelle mitochondrion contains its own compact genome, which is separate from the nuclear genome. In nearly all mammals, this mitochondrial genome is inherited exclusively from the mother, and transmission of paternal mitochondria or mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) has not been convincingly demonstrated in humans. In this paper, we have uncovered multiple instances of biparental inheritance of mtDNA spanning three unrelated multiple generation families, a result confirmed by independent sequencing across multiple unrelated laboratories with different methodologies. Surprisingly, this pattern of inheritance appears to be determined in an autosomal dominantlike manner. This paper profoundly alters a widespread belief about mitochondrial inheritance and potentially opens a novel field in mitochondrial medicine.
Eurasian river spring flood observations support net Arctic Ocean mercury export to the atmosphere and Atlantic Ocean
Authors: Sonke Jeroen E. , Teisserenc Roman , Heimbürger-Boavida Lars-Eric , Petrova Mariia V. , Marusczak Nicolas , Le Dantec Theo , Chupakov Artem V. , Li Chuxian , Thackray Colin P. , Sunderland Elsie M. , Tananaev Nikita , Pokrovsky Oleg S. 
Published: November 2018

Significance
Elevated levels of mercury in Arctic marine wildlife have been linked to midlatitude anthropogenic mercury emissions which are transported to the Arctic Ocean by air. Modeling studies, however, suggest that Arctic rivers contribute equal amounts of mercury to the Arctic Ocean. In this study, we provide comprehensive mercury data on large Eurasian rivers. We find that the spring flood mercury flux from Eurasian rivers is indeed large, which confirms a new Arctic mercury cycling paradigm: Mid-latitude anthropogenic emissions reach the terrestrial Arctic by air, whereby vegetation uptake transfers atmospheric mercury to tundra and boreal peat soils. Springtime snowmelt subsequently mobilizes peat soil mercury to the Arctic Ocean, where photochemistry drives net export of mercury back to the atmosphere.
Citrate-based materials fuel human stem cells by metabonegenic regulation
Authors: Ma Chuying , Tian Xinggui , Kim Jimin P. , Xie Denghui , Ao Xiang , Shan Dingying , Lin Qiaoling , Hudock Maria R. , Bai Xiaochun , Yang Jian 
Published: November 2018

Significance
Differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to bone-forming cells is central to bone regeneration, the extent of which is largely regulated by microenvironment factors. Here, we find that citrate as a metabolic factor that is abundant in bone can be consumed by MSCs to fuel osteogenesis by regulating metabolic pathways. We explored the mechanism of citrate benefit and designed a biomimetic citrate-based material that could provide a citrate- and phosphoserine-rich environment during degradation based on the previously unexplored concerted action between the two bioactive factors in accelerating bone regeneration. Together, these studies open up avenues for the study of stem cell biology and design of bone biomaterials to treat critically sized defects and bone disorders of metabolic origin.
PYL8 mediates ABA perception in the root through non-cell-autonomous and ligand-stabilization–based mechanisms
Authors: Belda-Palazon Borja , Gonzalez-Garcia Mary-Paz , Lozano-Juste Jorge , Coego Alberto , Antoni Regina , Julian Jose , Peirats-Llobet Marta , Rodriguez Lesia , Berbel Ana , Dietrich Daniela , Fernandez Maria A. , Madueño Francisco , Bennett Malcolm J. , Rodriguez Pedro L. 
Published: November 2018

Significance
The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) controls root responses to environmental signals such as abiotic stress. ABA signaling in roots depends on the nonredundant role of the PYL8 receptor. This study reveals special features of this ABA receptor. ABA binding triggers hormone-dependent stabilization of PYL8 through reduced ubiquitination and induces nuclear localization of the receptor. ABA-induced stabilization also allows movement of the PYL8 receptor from the root epidermis and stele to adjacent tissues. Hence, like mobile transcription factors that regulate plant development, the PYL8 protein can move between cells. In summary, our study reports a novel non-cell-autonomous mechanism to regulate hormone perception and root growth.
Molecular mechanism of fusion pore formation driven by the neuronal SNARE complex
Authors: Sharma Satyan , Lindau Manfred 
Published: November 2018

Significance
SNARE proteins facilitate the synaptic vesicle fusion with the plasma membrane. The structure of the fusion pore and the mechanism of its formation are not clearly understood. Using coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations of a nanodisc bridged by four SNARE proteins to a bilayer, we identify the importance of the C termini of synaptobrevin 2 and syntaxin 1 in facilitating fusion pore formation. The conductances of the simulated fusion pores agree with experimental values, and SNARE mutants that inhibit fusion experimentally fail to form fusion pores in the simulations. Confinement of SNARE complexes is essential for rapid fusion pore formation, but release of the SNARE complexes from this confinement is required for fusion pore expansion.
A contrastive (English, Czech English, Czech) study of rhetorical functions of citations in Linguistics research
articles
Authors: Dontcheva-Navrátilová Olga 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
This study explores variation in the use of citations in a specialised corpus of Linguistics research articles
comprising Czech-medium and English-medium texts by Czech linguists and English-medium texts by Anglophone authors.
Drawing on the typologies suggested by Thompson and Tribble (2001), Petrić (2007) and Dontcheva-Navratilova
(2016), the investigation aims at identifying the frequency and rhetorical functions of citations across
the generic moves of RAs and exploring how they contribute to academic persuasion. The findings of the contrastive
analysis indicate that the existing divergences in citation practices of Czech writers writing in Czech and English
and Anglophone authors are related to the intended readership and the linguacultural context in which they strive to
convince readers to accept their claims and views.
How to internationalise and empower academic research?
Authors: Ruzaitė Jūratė , Petrauskaitė Rūta 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
The current chapter accounts for the trends of internationalisation in research papers in Linguistics with a primary
focus on academic conventions in articles published in a national journal in various languages (including Lithuanian
and English) as compared to those published in a well-established international journal (solely in English). The
trends of internationalisation are assessed with regard to the overall journal structure, publication languages, the
degree of transnational cooperation, and the rhetorical structure of the papers. Based on the results, it is argued
that in the field of Linguistics it is not so much the language that predetermines differences in the two journals,
but the academic conventions that differ across cultures and publishing houses.
“This dissonance”
Authors: Bordet Geneviève 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Writing a convincing abstract requires the ability to demonstrate credibility through an adequate selection of
keywords. A case in point is the selection of shell nouns determined by this. Based on a comparable
interdisciplinary corpus of 400 PhD abstracts written in English by writers in an Anglophone and a Francophone
context, the role of shell nouns determined by this is studied to (1) assess their impact on textual
cohesion (2) evaluate the connection between the selected terms and the discipline’s epistemological values as
perceived by newcomers (3) consider the influence of the writer’s linguistic origin on the handling of this device.
This study aims to contribute to the assessment of the parameters which might undermine writers’ credibility in their
scientific community.
Asserting research status, values and relevance in thesis abstracts of Science and Engineering
Authors: Mehrjooseresht Maryam , Ahmad Ummul K. 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
This study examines the use of evaluation in thesis abstracts written by Malaysian novice research writers from Science
and Engineering fields. Different linguistic features performing three different functions of evaluation were
identified and categorised into status, value and relevance. Lexico-grammatical analysis has shown variations in terms
of the overall preferences for status over value and relevance in the two fields. Science writers were more inclined
to include status markers expressing certainty while summarising their research findings in the Product section of
abstracts whereas Engineering writers appeared less assertive. Results from this study offer L2 research writers
insights into specific linguistic choices to be made for writing efficient and persuasive research abstracts.