bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Role of Pickup Ion Dynamics Outside of the Heliopause in the Limit of Weak Pitch Angle Scattering: Implications for the Source of the IBEX Ribbon
Authors: Zirnstein E. J. , Heerikhuisen J. , Dayeh M. A. 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
We present a new model of the Interstellar Boundary Explorer (IBEX) ribbon based on the secondary energetic neutral atom (ENA) mechanism, under the assumption that there is negligible pitch angle scattering of pickup ions (PUIs) outside the heliopause. Using the results of an MHD-plasma/kinetic-neutral simulation of the heliosphere, we generate PUIs in the outer heliosheath, solve their transport using guiding center theory, and compute ribbon ENA fluxes at 1 au. We implement several aspects of the PUI dynamics, including (1) parallel motion along the local interstellar magnetic field (ISMF), (2) advective transport with the interstellar plasma, (3) the mirror force acting on PUIs propagating along the ISMF, and (4) betatron acceleration of PUIs as they are advected within an increasing magnetic field toward the heliopause. We find that ENA fluxes at 1 au are reduced when PUIs are allowed to move along the ISMF, and ENA fluxes are reduced even more by the inclusion of the mirror force, which pushes particles away from IBEX lines of sight. Inclusion of advection and betatron acceleration do not result in any significant change in the ribbon. Interestingly, the mirror force reduces the ENA fluxes from the inner edge of the ribbon more than those from its outer edge, effectively reducing the ribbon’s width by ∼6° and increasing its radius projected on the sky. This is caused by the asymmetric draping of the ISMF around the heliopause, such that ENAs from the ribbon’s inner edge originate closer to the heliopause, where the mirror force is strongest.
Chercher son modèle et trouver son double ?
Authors: Bérard Jean , Chantraine Gilles 
Published: March 2018

L’article analyse les sens donnés depuis le début des années 2000 à la référence au modèle constitué par le système pénal canadien. D’abord, dans les années 2000, l’articulation, dans le modèle pénitentiaire canadien, de reconnaissance des droits, d’évaluation des risques et de classification des prisonniers apparaît aux réformateurs français comme une réponse aux injonctions contradictoires qui leur sont adressées, entre la nécessité d’améliorer la condition pénitentiaire et celle de gérer une inflation carcérale résultant de politiques sécuritaires. Ensuite, après l’alternance de 2012, le modèle canadien est de nouveau mobilisé sur la base des « savoirs experts » qu’il produit en matière d’évaluation des sanctions pénales, cette fois pour promouvoir de nouvelles mesures alternatives à l’incarcération. Mais cette référence se heurte à la politisation intense de la thématique de l’insécurité. Sur ce point, le Canada est moins un modèle lointain qu’un pays traversé par des tensions très comparables autour de la définition des politiques pénales et pénitentiaires.
A Comparative Study of Newly Licensed Registered Nurses' Stressors: 2003 and 2015
Authors: Tong Vivian , Epeneter Beverly J. 
Published: March 2018

Background:
Newly licensed nurses are overwhelmed and feel stressed as they transition from student to professional nurse. Health educators are making strides in improving the work environment, yet these nurses continue to feel stressed. Little has been done to track stress-ors to see whether they have changed over time.

Method:
A descriptive qualitative research method was used to identify the stressors of newly licensed nurses. The first focus group interviews were conducted in 2003 with 21 nurses. In 2015, the study was replicated using another group of 22 recently graduated nurses.

Results:
There were fewer stressors noted in the 2015 group compared with the 2003 group. Six major stress-ors were identified in the 2003 group, and only three of these were noted in the 2015 group.

Conclusion:
The decline in work-related stressors could be attributed to changes in health care organizations and in state policies. Nurse educators and leaders should refine orientation and educational programs based on ongoing changes in stressors expressed by newly licensed nurses.

J Contin Educ Nurs.
2018;49(3):132–140.
INTEGRATED DESIGN FOR FLOOD RISK AND SPATIAL QUALITY—EXAMPLES FROM THE DUTCH DELTA PROGRAMME
Authors: Nillesen Anne Loes 
Published: March 2018

INTRODUCTION The Netherlands faces a significant flood risk task. In order to remain a safe place to live the Netherlands has to upgrade its extensive flood risk protection system. This results in an elevation and reinforcement task for many of the Netherlands water barriers. When those barriers are positioned in an open landscape, the technical reinforcement is often easy to embed specially. However, many barriers have been built over the years making the reinforcement into a challenging spatial assignment. This article shows different case study examples of a research by design study (performed in the broader context of the Dutch Delta programme) that explores integral design solutions for flood risk and spatial (re)development. The Houston Galveston Bay case study demonstrates the international applicability of the research by design method.
La technodiscursivité du vocable « brexit » sur Twitter
Authors: Adel Perihane 
Published: March 2018

L’objet du présent travail de recherche est l’analyse du vocable « brexit » en tant qu’hypertexte (#brexit) et texte (brexit) dans le réseau social Twitter. L’auteure cherche à savoir, à travers une approche communicationnelle et discursive, si la présence/absence du mot-clic (hashtag) et son emplacement dans les énoncés influencent cette communication non traditionnelle que sont les gazouillis (tweets).
Engagement politique des immigrés marocains sur le Web
Authors: Azizi Asmaa 
Published: March 2018

Le présent article explore l’appropriation des médias informatisés par des immigrés marocains à des fins politiques pour s’exprimer et commenter à distance l’actualité de leur pays d’origine. À travers leurs pratiques créatives en ligne, ces acteurs participent au changement des formes et des modalités de prise de parole des « sans voix » diasporiques ainsi qu’à la redéfinition des frontières de la politique. L’auteur se concentre sur le cas d’une vidéo pamphlétaire publiée sur la plateforme Web YouTube. Sont ici étudiés à la fois l’énoncé de la vidéo, sa large circulation ainsi que ses différentes appropriations politiques par des acteurs sociaux hétérogènes qui lui confèrent des interprétations variées.
La transnationalisation de l’industrie musicale de Miami
Authors: Bénistant Alix 
Published: March 2018

Le présent article se propose d’analyser l’émergence d’une industrie musicale à Miami, spécialisée dans la production, la promotion et la distribution de la musique dite latino. En optant pour une approche socioéconomique, l’auteur montre comment la ville floridienne s’est progressivement établie, à partir du début des années 1980, en lieu central d’élaboration d’une catégorie musicale réifiée inscrite au cœur de la stratégie « multiscalaire » des acteurs dominants du secteur
Web 2.0 et la politique au féminin en Roumanie postcommuniste
Authors: Roventa-Frumusani Daniela , Irimescu Alexandra 
Published: March 2018

Les auteures partent de l’hypothèse du déficit de légitimité des femmes dans l’espace public roumain postcommuniste et veulent voir si depuis la chute du communisme (1990), et dans le contexte de l’émergence des nouveaux outils de campagne électorale (les réseaux sociaux), les femmes politiques choisissent de faire la « politique autrement » ou, au contraire, adoptent les trajectoires et stratégies des hommes politiques (jouer le boy’s game). Leur objectif est d’analyser la dimension visuelle de la construction / déconstruction de l’éthos politique féminin à travers le profil public de Facebook des candidates aux élections locales et parlementaires de 2016.
Problématiques de genre et représentations de soi
Authors: Novello Paglianti Nanta , Villa Marina 
Published: March 2018

La présente recherche porte sur les gazouillis des femmes politiques en France et en Italie dont l’objectif est l’analyse de la représentation de soi en tant que femme et élue. Les auteures dressent le bilan de leur activité sur Twitter lorsqu’elles sont en campagne électorale, puis lorsqu’elles sont élues au Parlement européen afin de comprendre le rôle joué par les différences culturelles entre les deux pays et l’influence des institutions sur la politique au féminin. Les auteures ont constitué deux corpus : d’une part, tous les gazouillis de 46 candidates à la députation en France et en Italie qui ont été élues au Parlement européen en 2014, d’autre part, leurs gazouillis durant un mois (février) de mandat européen en 2016.
Natural enemies ofAnthonomus eugenii(Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Canada
Authors: Labbé R.M. , Hilker R. , Gagnier D. , McCreary C. , Gibson G.A.P. , Fernández-Triana J. , Mason P.G. , Gariepy T.D. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe pepper weevil,Anthonomus eugeniiCano (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), is the most important pest of pepper (CapsicumLinnaeus; Solanaceae) crops in North America. Native to Mexico, the southern United States of America, and Central America, it is intercepted in Canada when peppers are imported to supplement domestic production. Given the proximity of greenhouse and field production to packing facilities, this pest poses a serious risk to the cultivation of peppers in Canada. Once established, it is difficult to control because immature stages of the weevil are protected within the pepper fruit. As such, chemical control targeting these life stages is not effective, and other strategies, including biological control, may prove useful. To explore the potential for biological control options to manage the pepper weevil in areas at risk in Canada, natural enemy surveys were conducted in southern Ontario following the reports of transient, localised field populations in 2016. Parasitoids belonging to three Hymenoptera families including Pteromalidae (Jaliscoa hunteriCrawford,Pteromalus anthonomiAshmead), Eupelmidae (Eupelmus pulchricepsCameron), and Braconidae (NealiolusMason species,BraconFabricius species) were reared from infested field-collected pepper fruits. Together, these new natural enemy records could facilitate the exploration and development of novel agents for the biological control of the pepper weevil.
All-Trans Retinoic Acid Enhances Antibody Production by Inducing the Expression of Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin Protein
Authors: Hatayama Takahiro , Segawa Ryosuke , Mizuno Natsumi , Eguchi Sumiko , Akamatsu Hiroshi , Fukuda Misaki , Nakata Fumihisa , Leonard Warren J. , Hiratsuka Masahiro , Hirasawa Noriyasu 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Many classical vaccines contain whole pathogens and, thus, may occasionally induce adverse effects, such as inflammation. Vaccines containing purified rAgs resolved this problem, but, owing to their low antigenicity, they require adjuvants. Recently, the use of several cytokines, including thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), has been proposed for this purpose. However, it is difficult to use cytokines as vaccine adjuvants in clinical practice. In this study, we examined the effects of all-trans retinoic acid (atRA) on TSLP production and Ag-induced Ab production. Application of atRA onto the ear lobes of mice selectively induced TSLP production without inducing apparent inflammation. The effects appeared to be regulated via retinoic acid receptors γ and α. Treatment with atRA was observed to enhance OVA-induced specific Ab production; however, this effect was completely absent in TSLP receptor–knockout mice. An enhancement in Ab production was also observed when recombinant hemagglutinin was used as the Ag. In conclusion, atRA was an effective adjuvant through induction of TSLP production. Therefore, we propose that TSLP-inducing low m.w. compounds, such as atRA, may serve as effective adjuvants for next-generation vaccines.
The effect of short/branched chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase gene on triglyceride synthesis of bovine mammary epithelial cells
Authors: Jiang Ping , Fang Xibi , Zhao Zhihui , Yu Xianzhong , Sun Boxing , Yu Haibin , Yang Runjun 
Published: March 2018

Abstract. Short/branched chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (ACADSB) is a member of the acyl-CoA dehydrogenase family of enzymes that catalyze the dehydrogenation of acyl-CoA derivatives in the metabolism of fatty acids. Our previous transcriptome analysis in dairy cattle showed that ACADSB was differentially expressed and was associated with milk fat metabolism. The aim of this study was to elucidate the background of this differential expression and to evaluate the role of ACADSB as a candidate for fat metabolism in dairy cattle. After analysis of ACADSB mRNA abundance by qRT-PCR and Western blot, overexpression and RNA interference (RNAi) vectors of ACADSB gene were constructed and then transfected into bovine mammary epithelial cells (bMECs) to examine the effects of ACADSB on milk fat synthesis. The results showed that the ACADSB was differentially expressed in mammary tissue of low and high milk fat dairy cattle. Overexpression of ACADSB gene could significantly increase the level of intracellular triglyceride (TG), while ACADSB gene knockdown could significantly reduce the TG synthesis in bMECs. This study suggested that the ACADSB was important in TG synthesis in bMECs, and it could be a candidate gene to regulate the metabolism of milk fat in dairy cattle.
Technical Note: Atmospheric CO2 inversions on the mesoscale using data-driven prior uncertainties: methodology and system evaluation
Authors: Kountouris Panagiotis , Gerbig Christoph , Rödenbeck Christian , Karstens Ute , Koch Thomas Frank , Heimann Martin 
Published: March 2018

Abstract. Atmospheric inversions are widely used in the optimization of surface carbon fluxes on a regional scale using information from atmospheric CO2 dry mole fractions. In many studies the prior flux uncertainty applied to the inversion schemes does not directly reflect the true flux uncertainties but is used to regularize the inverse problem. Here, we aim to implement an inversion scheme using the Jena inversion system and applying a prior flux error structure derived from a model–data residual analysis using high spatial and temporal resolution over a full year period in the European domain. We analyzed the performance of the inversion system with a synthetic experiment, in which the flux constraint is derived following the same residual analysis but applied to the model–model mismatch. The synthetic study showed a quite good agreement between posterior and true fluxes on European, country, annual and monthly scales. Posterior monthly and country-aggregated fluxes improved their correlation coefficient with the known truth by 7 % compared to the prior estimates when compared to the reference, with a mean correlation of 0.92. The ratio of the SD between the posterior and reference and between the prior and reference was also reduced by 33 % with a mean value of 1.15. We identified temporal and spatial scales on which the inversion system maximizes the derived information; monthly temporal scales at around 200 km spatial resolution seem to maximize the information gain.
Contrasting the co-variability of daytime cloud and precipitation over tropical land and ocean
Authors: Jin Daeho , Oreopoulos Lazaros , Lee Dongmin , Cho Nayeong , Tan Jackson 
Published: March 2018

Abstract. The co-variability of cloud and precipitation in the extended
tropics (35∘ N–35∘ S) is investigated using
contemporaneous data sets for a 13-year period. The goal is to
quantify potential relationships between cloud type fractions and
precipitation events of particular strength. Particular attention is
paid to whether the relationships exhibit different characteristics
over tropical land and ocean. A primary analysis metric is the
correlation coefficient between fractions of individual cloud types
and frequencies within precipitation histogram bins that have been
matched in time and space. The cloud type fractions are derived from
Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) joint
histograms of cloud top pressure and cloud optical thickness in
1∘ grid cells, and the precipitation frequencies come from
the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Multi-satellite
Precipitation Analysis (TMPA) data set aggregated to the same grid. It is found that the strongest coupling (positive correlation)
between clouds and precipitation occurs over ocean for cumulonimbus
clouds and the heaviest rainfall. While the same cloud type and
rainfall bin are also best correlated over land compared to other
combinations, the correlation magnitude is weaker than over
ocean. The difference is attributed to the greater size of
convective systems over ocean. It is also found that both over ocean
and land the anti-correlation of strong precipitation with “weak”
(i.e., thin and/or low) cloud types is of greater absolute strength
than positive correlations between weak cloud types and weak
precipitation. Cloud type co-occurrence relationships explain some
of the cloud–precipitation anti-correlations. Weak correlations
between weaker rainfall and clouds indicate poor predictability for
precipitation when cloud types are known, and this is even more true
over land than over ocean.
Evaluation of linear regression techniques for atmospheric applications: the importance of appropriate weighting
Authors: Wu Cheng , Yu Jian Zhen 
Published: March 2018

Abstract. Linear regression techniques are widely used in atmospheric science, but they are
often improperly applied due to lack of consideration or inappropriate
handling of measurement uncertainty. In this work, numerical experiments are
performed to evaluate the performance of five linear regression techniques,
significantly extending previous works by Chu and Saylor. The five techniques
are ordinary least squares (OLS), Deming regression (DR), orthogonal distance
regression (ODR), weighted ODR (WODR), and York regression (YR). We first
introduce a new data generation scheme that employs the Mersenne twister (MT)
pseudorandom number generator. The numerical simulations are also improved
by (a) refining the parameterization of nonlinear measurement
uncertainties, (b) inclusion of a linear measurement uncertainty, and (c) inclusion of WODR for comparison. Results show that DR, WODR and YR produce
an accurate slope, but the intercept by WODR and YR is overestimated and the
degree of bias is more pronounced with a low R2 XY dataset. The
importance of a properly weighting parameter λ in DR is investigated
by sensitivity tests, and it is found that an improper λ in DR can
lead to a bias in both the slope and intercept estimation. Because the
λ calculation depends on the actual form of the measurement error,
it is essential to determine the exact form of measurement error in the XY
data during the measurement stage. If a priori error in one of the variables
is unknown, or the measurement error described cannot be trusted, DR, WODR
and YR can provide the least biases in slope and intercept among all tested
regression techniques. For these reasons, DR, WODR and YR are recommended for
atmospheric studies when both X and Y data have measurement errors. An Igor
Pro-based program (Scatter Plot) was developed to facilitate the
implementation of error-in-variables regressions.
Response of the carbon cycle in an intermediate complexity model to the different climate configurations of the last nine interglacials
Authors: Bouttes Nathaelle , Swingedouw Didier , Roche Didier M. , Sanchez-Goni Maria F. , Crosta Xavier 
Published: March 2018

Abstract. Atmospheric CO2 levels during interglacials prior to the Mid-Brunhes Event (MBE, ∼ 430 ka BP) were
around 40 ppm lower than after the MBE. The reasons for this difference remain unclear. A recent hypothesis
proposed that changes in oceanic circulation, in response to different external forcings before and after the MBE, might
have increased the ocean carbon storage in pre-MBE interglacials, thus lowering atmospheric CO2. Nevertheless, no
quantitative estimate of this hypothesis has been produced up to now. Here we use an intermediate complexity model
including the carbon cycle to evaluate the response of the carbon reservoirs in the atmosphere, ocean and land in response
to the changes of orbital forcings, ice sheet configurations and atmospheric CO2 concentrations over the last nine
interglacials. We show that the ocean takes up more carbon during pre-MBE interglacials in agreement with data, but the
impact on atmospheric CO2 is limited to a few parts per million. Terrestrial biosphere is simulated to be less developed in
pre-MBE interglacials, which reduces the storage of carbon on land and increases atmospheric CO2. Accounting for
different simulated ice sheet extents modifies the vegetation cover and temperature, and thus the carbon reservoir
distribution. Overall, atmospheric CO2 levels are lower during these pre-MBE simulated interglacials including all
these effects, but the magnitude is still far too small. These results suggest a possible misrepresentation of some key
processes in the model, such as the magnitude of ocean circulation changes, or the lack of crucial mechanisms or internal
feedbacks, such as those related to permafrost, to fully account for the lower atmospheric CO2 concentrations
during pre-MBE interglacials.
Indigenous Poetics and Transcultural Ecologies
Authors: Cooke Stuart 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
This article outlines a transcultural fluctuation between indigenous poetics from Australia and South America in order to respond to some of the most pressing concerns in contemporary ecocritical discourse. I propose that we might turn to indigenous knowledge systems not as part of a reactionary, antimodern form of Romanticism, but as an alternative, syncretic understanding of the contemporary, in which the past is partner to the present in the formation of future possibility. I outline key features of Indigenous Australian and South American thought, including the centrality of language and poetics in the maintenance of country, before outlining an Indigenous philosophical poetics that spans the Australian and American continents. Indigenous knowledge systems, while to some extent understandable with generalized terms such as “The Dreaming” or “Pachamama” (“World Mother”), are thoroughly localized conceptions of much more extensive, transnational forces.
Design Thinking Accelerated Leadership: Transforming Self, Transforming Community
Authors: Lake Danielle , Ricco Michael E. , Whipps Judy 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Higher education institutions are continually seeking to recruit nontraditional adult students yet struggle at the same time to meet their needs effectively. The following case study offers strategies to address this situation by documenting the pedagogical design and initial outcomes of an interdisciplinary, nineteen-month leadership-themed liberal studies undergraduate degree completion program at Grand Valley State University. As an innovative, accelerated, hybrid cohort model, it incorporates a wide range of high-impact practices focused on developing the skills leaders use and employers require. The curriculum integrates practices from motivational and experiential learning, community-based learning, and design thinking to scaffold students' learning across their courses. The program thereby encourages students to wrestle with the complexity of social issues in their communities and develop the skills and virtues necessary for addressing those problems. As a case study, this article is particularly relevant for educators and administrators hoping to uncover a means for catalyzing innovative co-participatory engagement projects that engage with the needs of the surrounding community in a format supportive of nontraditional learners.