bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of a High-Throughput Swarm-Based Deep Neural Network Algorithm Reveals SPAG5 Downregulation as a Potential Therapeutic Target in Adult AML
Authors: Ajonu Chinyere I , Grundy Robert I , Ball Graham R , Zafeiris Dimitrios 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Gene-gene interactions play a pivotal role in disease pathogenesis and are fundamental in the development of targeted therapeutics, particularly through the elucidation of oncogenic gene drivers in cancer. The systematic analysis of pathways and gene interactions is critical in the drug discovery process for various cancer subtypes. SPAG5, known for its role in spindle formation during cell division, has been identified as an oncogene in several cancers, although its specific impact on AML remains underexplored. This study leverages a high-throughput swarm-based deep neural network (SDNN) and omics data—an approach that enhances predictive accuracy and robustness through collective intelligence—to augment, model, and enhance the understanding of the TP53 pathway in AML cohorts. Our integrative systems biology approach identified SPAG5 as a uniquely downregulated driver in adult AML, underscoring its potential as a novel therapeutic target. The interaction of SPAG5 with key hub genes such as MDM2 and CDK1 not only reinforces its role in tumor suppression through negative regulation but also highlights its potential in moderating the phenotypic and genomic alterations associated with AML progression. This study of the role and interaction dynamics of SPAG5 sets the stage for future research aimed at developing targeted and personalized treatment approaches for AML, utilizing the capabilities of genetic interventions.
Influence of Cu content on optical spectra of Cu/Mg co-doped ZnO films by Kramers–Kronig
Authors: fakharpour Mahsa 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Mg and Cu co-doped ZnO thin films were fabricated on a FTO glass substrate by the electrochemical method at a constant current density of 3.5 mA/cm². Mg:Cu:ZnO films with a 3 wt.% Mg concentration and varying concentrations of 0, 2, 3, and 4 wt.% Cu are designated as ZM3, ZM3C2, ZM3C3, and ZM3C4, respectively. The thin films were subjected to analysis using XRD, SEM, FTIR and UV-vis spectroscopy. The structural and optical parameters of Mg:Cu:ZnO thin films for photonic applications were investigated in detail. The results of the structural and morphological analysis demonstrated that the structural parameters and grain size are dependent on the concentration of dopants. The grain size was calculated to be 55.20, 36.43, 32.64, and 32.57 nm for the ZM3, ZM3C2, ZM3C3, and ZM3C4 films, respectively. The results of the spectroscopy analysis indicated a reduction in the band gap, from 3.9 eV to 3.6 eV, as the concentration of Cu in Mg:Cu:ZnO increased from 0–4%. The optical parameters of the films were obtained through the utilization of FTIR transmission spectrum data and the application of Kramers–Kronig (K-K) relations. The findings indicated that the ZM3C3 film exhibited the highest energy storage capacity and the lowest energy loss when compared to the other samples.
Relationship between helicobacter pylori infection and the incidence of dyslipidemia among asymptomatic adults in Jimma City, Ethiopia
Authors: Zawdie Belay , Abate Kalkidan Hassen , Tesfaye Solomon , Enkobahry Aklesya , Tadesse Mulualem , Tamiru Dessalegn , Belachew Tefera 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Infection with H. Pylori triggers chronic inflammatory states along with dyslipidemia contribute of atherosclerosis. However, there is lack of emerging evidences of relationship of H. pylori infections and dyslipidemia among healthy adults. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between H. pylori infection and the incidence of dyslipidemia among asymptomatic adults in Jimma City, Ethiopia. A total of 865 asymptomatic adults aged > 18 years were enrolled in the study. From each study participants, 24-hrs dietary re-call, Rome-III based criteria abdominal pain symptoms, 5ml of venous blood and 20g of fresh stool was collected. From the study participants, positive H. pylori infection was, 170(19.7%) whereas dyslipidemia incidence was, 108(12.5). Factors significantly associated with the H. pylori positive test with an AOR (95% CI, p < 0.05) were chewing khat, less physical activity, dyslipidemia, being hypertensive, central obesity and functional dyspepsia as compared to their normal counterparts. However, H. pylori infection was not associated with any of the dietary diversity scores. H. pylori infection is detected among asymptomatic population living in our study area. Moreover, H. pylori infection is significantly associated with dyslipidemia. Therefore, early screening and decreasing the risk factors are highly recommendable.
Effect of Punch and Die Surface Texture and CoCrMo Die on Micro Backward Extrudability of Pure Magnesium
Authors: Funazuka Tatsuya , Nakamura Kairi , Shiratori Tomomi , Dohda Kuniaki 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Magnesium, a biomaterial, is crucial in medical applications. Conventional forming processes such as extrusion are applied to micromedical parts such as stents. As the conventional forming process is micromachined, size effects due to the crystalline structure and friction of the work material must be controlled. In this study, we analyzed the effects of the tool surface properties, such as the punch and die surface nanotexture, on the microextrudability, including the extrusion load, product shape, and product crystalline structure, using pure magnesium billets as the test pieces. A CoCrMo die, which is suitable for microextrusion, was used as the new die material. The extrusion load increased rapidly as the stroke progressed under all the tool conditions. The extrusion load was significantly reduced for nanotextured punches and dies. The nanotextured punches and dies exhibited less adhesion to the tool surface. Using electron backscatter diffraction, the material analysis results demonstrated that the nanotextured tool promoted crystal refinement, improved material flowability, and uniformly introduced more strain. However, using a mirror tool resulted in lower material flowability and non-uniform strain. A comparison of the tool types revealed that the CoCrMo die reduces the degree of adhesion to the tool and the degree of the machining effect, which results in enhanced formability compared with the AISI H13 die. The CoCrMo die with the nanotexture exhibited the lowest forming load and tool adhesion. These results indicate that the die surface properties can be optimized to reduce the tool-material friction and adhesion when compared with the punch.
Digital Plating: A Universal and Versatile Microbiological Technique
Authors: Li Gang , Hu Tianbao , Han Xue , Wu Lei , Sun Bangyong 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Traditional plate culturing remains the “gold standard” in microbiology labs, but it is labor-intensive, time-consuming, and resource-heavy. Here, we introduce a digital plating (DP) platform that integrates digital assays with traditional plate culturing. Using a high-density microwell array chip covered with an agar medium sheet, the DP platform not only enables accurate bacterial quantification but also facilitates the isolation of single bacteria from complex communities for further characterization. The high flexibility afforded by the replaceable agar medium cover allows the DP platform to support complex microbial culturing, thereby broadening its potential applications. We demonstrated its versatility in accurate bacterial quantification, efficient isolation, identification, and clonal culture of specific bacteria from complex communities, rapid antibiotic susceptibility testing, and detailed investigation of microbial interactions. The DP system’s simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and versatility demonstrate its potential to substitute traditional plating techniques and enable rapid and scalable bacterial assays that were previously unattainable.
Determination of the drivers of macro-scale ecosystem service values and the evolution of spatial patterns
Authors: Li Yuan , Wang Xiao Hui , Wan Yu Xuan , Xu Bin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

China's Yellow River Basin (YRB) is among the country's most intricate watersheds in terms of topographic and geomorphological features. Additionally, it poses a significant barrier for China's national ecological security and economic growth. An essential tool for scientific land use and management planning in the YRB, additionally for improving watershed system management, ecological protection, and restoration capacities, is examining the effects of land type conversion on the spatial variations of ecosystem service value (ESV). The spatial characteristic changes of ESV in the YRB were analyzed by using the grid method and the adjusted equivalence factor method. Using a geodetector, the geographical effects of the contributing factors on ESV were examined, and the correlations between the influencing factors and the changes in ESV were analyzed based on the grey correlation model temporally. The finding indicates that (1) The single motivation of ecological land in the YRB between 1980 and 2020 has a positive increase, and the single motivation of cultivated land, wetland and unutilized land has negatively increased. Its combined motivation is in a positively increasing state. (2) From 1980 to 2020, there was a change in the YRB ESV supply service, regulatory service, support service, and cultural service; these services first decreased and then increased. (3) The higher and lower delta regions of the YRB are the primary areas of elevated distribution and aggregated growth of ESVs; the Taihang Mountains and the Qinling Mountains are the dividing line of the spatial distribution of the various ESVs. The different ESVs in the YRB from 1980 to 2020 show a stepwise change in spatial distribution. (4) The effects of rainfall, habitat quality, population density, GDP and DEM on ESV were stronger in space, and soil type, slope, population density, GDP and nighttime light index were more highly correlated with ESV in time. Throughout the study period, as socioeconomic and anthropogenic activity intensities grew, so did their effects on ESV in the YRB. The ecological environment quality of the YRB's upstream and the delta at the mouth of the sea had greatly improved due to the successful ecological management of the region between 1980 and 2020, which made the region’s ESVs’ spatial aggregative differentiation of ESVs worse. This study provides the scientific basis and tools for decision-making on land use, management, and the spatial planning of socioeconomic development in the YRB.
The Impact of Primers for Wood Bonding on Beech Wood’s Young’s Modulus
Authors: BÖGER Thomas , ENGELHARDT Max , RICHTER Klaus , SANCHEZ-FERRER Antoni 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

When producing load-bearing timber products with one-component polyurethane adhesives and certain wood species, e.g., beech or larch, primers can be used to obtain stronger and more durable bonds. The active chemicals of three existing primer systems, hydroxymethylated resorcinol formaldehyde (HMR), polysorbate 20 (PS20), and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), were used to impregnate beech wood. Young’s modulus (E) in the radial direction was determined in tensile mode. A modified E can influence the deformation and stress distribution at the wood-glue interface. Compared to the untreated wood, the average E was reduced by 7% for the water-treated reference and the HMR treatment. With the PS20 treatment, the average E was reduced by 16%, compared to the untreated wood, and by 45% with the PEG treatment.
Gouty arthritis of accessory navicular-navicular-joint: a case report
Authors: yang long , Cao Guangchao , Cui Yundong 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background Gouty arthritis is a periarticular inflammatory reaction caused by the deposition of urate crystals in the joint capsule, synovium, cartilage, bone, and subcutaneous tissue, which occurs in men over 40 years of age, mostly in the metatarsophalangeal joints and other joints of the foot, followed by joints such as the ankle, knee, shoulder, and elbow [1]. The incidence of accessory navicular bone ranges from 10–14% [2], while accessory navicular – navicular joint complicated by gouty arthritis is extremely rare and easily misdiagnosed. Case presentation We present a case of gouty arthritis of the accessory scaphoid-scaphoid joint in a patient who completed a 1-year follow-up with no recurrence of symptoms, and we chose to share our experience with this rare case because gouty arthritis of the accessory scaphoid-scaphoid joint is a rare disease that usually presents with symptoms similar to those of accessory scaphoid pain of the foot, such as tenderness at the medial scaphoid junction of the foot. Especially when joint destruction is not severe in the early stages, it is also difficult to distinguish radiologically until the joint. Discussion and conclusion The patient in this report had gouty arthritis of both the accessory scaphoid and the accessory scaphoid-scaphoid joint, so the onset was insidious and it was easy to miss the diagnosis or misdiagnosis. Therefore, if accessory scaphoid pain occurs repeatedly in the outpatient department and cannot be relieved, careful reading is required after perfecting the X-ray examination, and whether it is associated with periarticular bone destruction manifestations, it is recommended to further improve the uric acid examination. In addition to rest, patients with mild joint damage, no clear history of trauma, and short duration of pain should be actively treated with uric acid lowering therapy. If the patient has recurrent pain, joint debridement and removal of the accessory navicular bone are feasible when conservative treatment is ineffective or joint destruction is evident, in order to more effectively improve the patient's symptoms.
Analyzing effects of cultural, regional, and demographic factors on nation brand: moderating and mediating dynamics
Authors: Jeon Geeho , Cho Dong-Sung 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

This study analyzes the impact of cultural, regional, and demographic factors on nation brand across 39 countries, and verifies the mediating and moderating effects. Firstly, the analysis was conducted using NBV (nation Brand Value) model which is a hybrid nation brand model incorporating both respondent’s perception surveys and secondary statistical data. Nation brand determinants of this model are categorized into five main components: national image, national relationships, nation brand strategy, national competitiveness, and nation brand earnings. National image includes leadership, human rights, stability, morality, and culture, while national relationships encompass current and past relationships, experiences, tourism, and physical distance. Secondly, the perception survey method involved investigating the nation brands of 39 countries through responses from 1,600 participants residing in 56 countries. Thirdly, the statistical survey method utilized data from international organizations on factors such as physical distance, corruption index, tourism, quality of citizens, and nation brand earnings. Lastly, this study statistically verifies that cultural factors play mediating role in the relationship between psychological proximity and nation brand, and identifies the moderating effects of regional and demographic factors by country. Furthermore, countries with similar or identical results regarding the moderating effects of regional and demographic factors were classified into five groups, and the characteristics of each group and country were analyzed. This research holds academic significance in that it verified the distinct role of cultural factors among the nation branding antecedent factors, and conducted case studies on groups and individual countries classified based on the moderating effects of regional and demographic factors. Practically, this enhances the understanding of cultural, regional, and demographic factors that influence nation brand, and helps to develop appropriate nation branding strategies tailored to each country.
Acute compartment syndrome due to skeletal muscle metastases from poorly differentiated upper gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma: a case report
Authors: Gentry Richard , Anand Prince Mohan , Abdelkader Ahmed I Kamal , Alqassieh Ahmad Saleh , Mahmood Ammar Obaid , Ayrapetyan Mesrop , Altiti Monther Amer Saud 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Acute compartment syndrome (ACS) is characterized by increased pressure within the fascial network of any muscle, leading to impaired circulation and potential myonecrosis. Very rarely, soft tissue infiltration by metastatic disease can cause localized swelling that increases intercompartmental pressures. We report an unusual case of invasive, poorly differentiated upper gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma presented by acute compartment syndrome of the lower extremity and subsequent acute kidney injury (AKI) caused by skeletal muscle metastasis.
Case Presentation
A 52-year-old male presented to the hospital with rapid onset unilateral right leg pain and tense edema accompanied by myonecrosis with no explicable etiology complicated by AKI. Surgical fasciotomy and subsequent muscle biopsy yielded poorly differentiated non-small cell adenocarcinoma. CT imaging identified diffuse adenopathy along with abnormal thickening of the distal esophagus, gastroesophageal (GE) junction, and gastric cardia. Further investigation via upper esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) revealed an exophytic mass in the distal esophagus extending into the stomach. This lesion was confirmed via biopsy as primary invasive poorly differentiated upper gastrointestinal (UGI) adenocarcinoma.
Conclusion
This case highlights the need for clinicians to implement high-risk screening for UGI cancers and consider skeletal muscle metastasis as a cause of nontraumatic ACS. It emphasizes the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration in managing such complex cases and the role of timely surgical and oncological intervention in preventing long-term complications of ACS.
Adolescents' understanding of pain and their preferences for learning about pain at school: a cross-sectional survey.
Authors: Bogard Isabelle , Kamper Steven J. , Montgomery Laura R.C. , Williams Christopher M. , Leite Mariana Nascimento , Gorringe Jonah , Gordon Georgia , Yamato Tie Parma 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Pain contributes significant societal and economic burden, yet there are no well-resourced public education initiatives providing information about pain to the general population. Adolescence is an opportune time to deliver this information. Pain is prevalent in young people, and impacts their physical, social, and psychological health during adolescence and potentially throughout their life. Delivering pain education in schools ensures all adolescents have access to evidence-based information about pain, which could change the trajectory of pain across the lifespan. Few studies have delivered pain education to schoolchildren, and none have considered their preferences for learning about pain. We aimed to identify adolescents’ understanding of pain and their preferences for learning about pain in school to inform the development of a school-based pain education module.
Methods:
We conducted an online cross-sectional survey of 501 Australian students in grades 7–10 (mean age = 14 [SD 1.3]; 50.9% male) about their knowledge of pain using the Conceptualization of Pain Questionnaire, and preferences for pain education content and delivery mode when learning about pain at school.
Results:
On average, participants got approximately half (7.4) of the fifteen pain knowledge items correct. Participants preferred to learn about ways to treat pain (70.5%), different types of pain (67.1%) and the role of the brain and nerves in pain (62.1%). Most preferred to be taught about pain by health professionals (84.4%), followed by teachers (48.3%), through the combination educational video and class discussion (67.6%).
Conclusions:
Adolescents have some beliefs about pain and injury that do not align with current scientific understanding of pain. These misconceptions could be addressed in pain education at school. School-based pain education programs should include content that aligns with their preferences and use a combination of online and in-person approaches to engage adolescents.
Olfaction loss induces cognitive impairment and anxiety behavior in mice via the microbiota- gut-brain axis
Authors: Zhao Xiangyu , Xue Chao , Wang Yiming , Liu Xiwei , Li Ran , Yi Xianfeng 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Olfactory dysfunction and cognition decline are frequently observed in Alzheimer's disease (AD); however, very little is known about whether olfactory disorders trigger cognitive impairment. Here, we induced olfactory loss in mice and investigated whether and how olfactory loss induces cognitive impairment and anxiety behavior. Olfactory loss not only causes a significant decrease in food intake and body weight and an increase in O2 consumption but also induces cognitive impairment and anxiety behavior. Alteration of the gut microbiota induced by olfactory loss is followed by changes in cecal short fatty acids and serum neurotransmitters. Hippocampus proteome and fecal microbial transplantation provides further support for the mechanisms by which olfactory loss triggers cognitive impairment and anxiety behavior via the microbiota–gut-brain axis. Our study is expected to provide some of the first evidence for olfactory dysfunction in triggering cognitive impairment through the microbiota-gut-brain axis.
Weakly Supervised Veracity Classification with LLM-Predicted Credibility Signals
Authors: Leite João Augusto , Razuvayevskaya Olesya , Bontcheva Kalina , Scarton Carolina 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Credibility signals represent a wide range of heuristics typically used by journalists and fact-checkers to assess the veracity of online content. Automating the extraction of credibility signals presents significant challenges due to the necessity of training high-accuracy, signal-specific extractors, coupled with the lack of sufficiently large annotated datasets. This paper introduces Pastel (Prompted weAk Supervision wiTh crEdibility signaLs), a weakly supervised approach that leverages large language models (LLMs) to extract credibility signals from web content, and subsequently combines them to predict the veracity of content without relying on human supervision. We validate our approach using four article-level misinformation detection datasets, demonstrating that Pastel outperforms zero-shot veracity detection by 38.3% and achieves 86.7% of the performance of the state-of-the-art system trained with human supervision. Moreover, in cross-domain settings where training and testing datasets originate from different domains, Pastel significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art supervised model by 63%. We further study the association between credibility signals and veracity, and perform an ablation study showing the impact of each signal on model performance. Our findings reveal that 12 out of the 19 proposed signals exhibit strong associations with veracity across all datasets, while some signals show domain-specific strengths.