bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A scoping review of adrenal vein sampling in practice settings: Applying an implementation science lens
Authors: Morris Heather , Melder Angela , Ng Elisabeth , Skouteris Helen , Chong Winston , Yang Jun 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Adrenal vein sampling (AVS) is a complicated procedure requiring clinical expertise, collaboration, and patient involvement to ensure it occurs successfully. Implementation science offers unique insights into the barriers and enablers of service delivery of AVS. The primary aim of this review was to identify implementation components as described within clinical studies, that contribute to a successful AVS procedure. The secondary aim was to inform practice considerations to support the scale-up of AVS. A scoping review of clinical papers that discussed factors contributing to effective AVS implementation was included. A phased approach was employed to extract implementation science data from clinical studies. Implementation strategies were named and defined, allowing for implementation learnings to be synthesized, in the absence of dedicated research examining implementation process and findings only. Ten implementation components reported as contributing to a successful AVS procedure were identified. These components were categorized according to actions required pre-AVS, during AVS, and post-AVS. Using an implementation science approach, the findings of this review and analysis provide practical considerations to facilitate AVS service delivery design. Extracting implementation science information from clinical research has provided a mechanism that accelerates the translation of evidence into practice where implementation research is not yet available.
A one-day experiment quantifying subaqueous bleaching of K-feldspar luminescence signals in the Wadden Sea, the Netherlands
Authors: de Boer Anna-Maartje , Seebregts Marloes , Wallinga Jakob , Chamberlain Elizabeth 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Luminescence dating methods are widely used to date coastal sediments, while luminescence tracing methods are an upcoming approach to reconstruct coastal sediment pathways. Both methods rely on subaqueous resetting (bleaching) of luminescence signals and would benefit from quantification of this process in the natural coastal environment. We describe the set-up and outcomes of an in situ subaqueous bleaching experiment for luminescence signals of K-feldspar grains in the Dutch Wadden Sea. We deployed a full-day bleaching field experiment with irradiated feldspar samples tethered to a pole at various positions within and above the water column to quantify (1) the bleaching potential, that is, the light intensity and spectrum as a function of time, depth and tidal stage, and (2) the bleaching efficiency, that is, the degree of bleaching of infrared stimulated luminescence (IRSL) and post-infrared IRSL (pIRIR) signals measured at 150, 225 and 290°C after a full day of light exposure above and below water. Our bleaching-potential results show that the strongest subaqueous light attenuation took place during low tide when sediment concentrations are the highest. We also observed stronger attenuation of the ultraviolet part of the spectrum compared to other parts of the spectrum. Our bleaching-efficiency results show that bleaching reduces with depth, that pIRIR signals bleach slower than IRSL signals underwater and that bleaching efficiency reduces with pIRIR measurement temperature. None of the investigated signals were fully reset after 13.5 hours of light exposure, even for subaerially exposed samples. Our work provides the first quantitative data on pIRIR bleaching in a natural subaqueous environment, which is relevant for K-feldspar-based luminescence dating and tracing applications.
Secret Innovation
Authors: Joseph Michael F. , Poznansky Michael 
Published: November 2024

AbstractConventional wisdom holds that open, collaborative, and transparent organizations are innovative. But some of the most radical innovations—satellites, lithium-iodine batteries, the internet—were conceived by small, secretive teams in national security agencies. Are these organizations more innovative because of their secrecy, or in spite of it? We study a principal–agent model of public-sector innovation. We give research teams a secret option and a public option during the initial testing and prototyping phase. Secrecy helps advance high-risk, high-reward projects through the early phase via a cost-passing mechanism. In open institutions, managers will not approve pilot research into high-risk, high-reward ideas for fear of political costs. Researchers exploit secrecy to conduct pilot research at a higher personal cost to generate evidence that their project is viable and win their manager's approval. Contrary to standard principal–agent findings, we show that researchers may exploit secrecy even if their preferences are perfectly aligned with their manager's, and that managers do not monitor researchers even if monitoring is costless and perfect. We illustrate our theory with two cases from the early Cold War: the CIA's attempt to master mind control (MKULTRA) and the origins of the reconnaissance satellite (CORONA). We contribute to the political application of principal–agent theory and studies of national security innovation, emerging technologies, democratic oversight, the Sino–American technology debate, and great power competition.
Trade of legally protected orchids in Indonesian e-commerce markets
Authors: Hijriyah Yatha Maziyyatul , Utami Retno , Hasanah Uswatun , Kurniawan Syahrul , Putri Dwi Hilda , Nuraeni Eni , Robiansyah Iyan 
Published: November 2024

SummaryOnline markets are becoming increasingly important for the trade of orchids. However, the sale of orchids online raises conservation concerns, as some sellers use these platforms to bypass regulations. In March 2024, we assessed the extent of trade of 28 nationally protected orchid species in the five most visited Indonesian-language online markets. Twenty-four of the 28 orchid species protected in Indonesia were being traded online, involving 1294 advertisements posted by 789 sellers. The majority (93%) of these sellers were located in Java; 3882 orchid individuals were sold during the performance of this research, with a total trade value of IDR 262 129 387 (USD 16 911). Furthermore, there were 2 831 688 orchid individuals reported to be available in stock by sellers, with a total potential trade value of more than IDR 231 billion (USD 14.9 million). None of the recorded sellers in the present study declared a permit for the orchids they offered. Our findings can be utilized by law enforcement agencies to identify key players and areas involved in this trade, as well as by conservationists and policymakers to determine which species are being traded and so might require further conservation measures.
The health and demographic impacts of the “Russian flu” pandemic in Switzerland in 1889/1890 and in the years thereafter
Authors: Suter Jocelyne , Devos Isabelle , Matthes Katarina L. , Staub Kaspar 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Our study aims to enhance future pandemic preparedness by leveraging insights from historical pandemics, focusing on the multidimensional analysis of past outbreaks. In this study, we digitised and analysed for the first time aggregated mortality and morbidity data series from the Russian flu in Switzerland in 1889/1890 and subsequent years to assess its comprehensive impact. The strongest effects were observed in January 1890, showing significant monthly excess mortality from all causes compared to the preceding five years (58.9%, 95% CI 36.6 to 81.0). Even though the whole of Switzerland was affected, the impact varied regionally due to ecological variations. Deaths from other conditions such as tuberculosis and heart disease also increased during this period. A significant drop in birth occurred 9 months later, in the autumn of 1890. Morbidity estimates by physicians suggest that around 60% of the Swiss population fell ill, with regional discrepancies and earlier outbreaks among postal workers (1–2 weeks earlier than the rest of the population). A subsequent spike in all-cause excess and influenza mortality was recorded in January 1894 but more localized than in 1890. Our findings show no cross-protection between the 1890 and 1894 outbreaks.
Long induced paths in expanders
Authors: Draganić Nemanja , Keevash Peter 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWe prove that any bounded degree regular graph with sufficiently strong spectral expansion contains an induced path of linear length. This is the first such result for expanders, strengthening an analogous result in the random setting by Draganić, Glock, and Krivelevich. More generally, we find long induced paths in sparse graphs that satisfy a mild upper-uniformity edge-distribution condition.
Ethics of Archives: Improving Historical Social Science Through the Consideration of Research on Violence
Authors: Luft Aliza , Subotić Jelena 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In recent years, social scientists have “(re)discovered history” by visiting archives, collecting documents, and analyzing their findings to address concerns about the causes and consequences of violence. Nevertheless, social scientists frequently appear at their archives with little to no training on the methods and ethics of archival research as they increasingly rush to examine primary historical records. This has resulted in a dearth of discourse on how the practice of historical research influences the outcomes of our analyses. Our article, as a result, employs findings from research on political violence in sociology and political science, as well as insights from history and archival studies, to introduce three broad ethical concerns related to politics, interpretation, and harms and benefits that, we argue, have methodological implications for historical social science. These methodological implications are too often ignored in historical social science, but we contend they are necessary to consider prior to and during archival research, as well as afterward when analyzing data, in order to ensure that the results of that research are valid, reliable, and ethical despite the constraints involved in working with historical evidence. We also discuss contemporary conflicts and how data collection on violence influences our understanding of the past. The objective of this article is to identify and address the primary challenges that social scientists who work with archives encounter, as well as to advocate for increased transparency in archival research.
The Influence of Rotation on the Preservation of Heterogeneities in Magma Oceans
Authors: Thomas B. , Samuel H. , Farnetani C. G. , Aubert J. , Chauvel C. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractUnderstanding the composition of lavas erupted at the surface of the Earth is key to reconstruct the long‐term history of our planet. Recent geochemical analyses of ocean island basalt samples indicate the preservation of ancient mantle heterogeneities dating from the earliest stages of Earth's evolution (Péron & Moreira, 2018, https://doi.org/10.7185/geochemlet.1833), when a global magma ocean was present. Such observations contrast with fluid dynamics studies which demonstrated that in a magma ocean the convective motions, primarily driven by buoyancy, are extremely vigorous (Gastine et al., 2016, https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2016.659) and are therefore expected to mix heterogeneities within just a few minutes (Thomas et al., 2023, https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggad452). To elucidate this paradox we explored the effects of the Earth's rapid rotation on the stirring efficiency of a magma ocean, by performing state‐of‐the‐art fluid dynamics simulations of low‐viscosity, turbulent convective dynamics in a spherical shell. We found that rotational effects drastically affect the convective structure and the associated stirring efficiency. Rotation leads to the emergence of three domains with limited mass exchanges, and distinct stirring and cooling efficiencies. Still, efficient convective stirring within each region likely results in homogenization within each domain on timescales that are short compared with the solidification timescales of a magma ocean. However, the lack of mass exchange between these regions could lead to three or four large‐scale domains with internally homogeneous, but distinct compositions. The existence of these separate regions in a terrestrial magma ocean suggests a new mechanism to preserve distinct geochemical signatures dating from the earliest stages of Earth's evolution.
Enhanced Blocking Frequencies in Very‐High Resolution Idealized Climate Model Simulations
Authors: De Luca P. , Jiménez‐Esteve B. , Degenhardt L. , Schemm S. , Pfahl S. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAtmospheric blocking is a key dynamical phenomenon in the mid‐ and high latitudes, able to drive day‐to‐day weather changes and meteorological extremes such as heatwaves, droughts and cold waves. Current global circulation models struggle to fully capture observed blocking frequencies, likely because of their coarse horizontal resolution. Here we use convection permitting, nested idealized model simulations for quantifying changes in blocking frequency and Rossby wave breaking compared to a coarser resolution reference. We find an increase in blocking frequency poleward and downstream of the area with increased resolution, while the exact regions depend on the blocking index. These changes are probably due to a more accurate representation of small‐scale processes such as diabatic heating, which affect Rossby wave breaking and blocking formation downstream. Our results thus suggest an improved representation of blocking in the next generation of high‐resolution global climate models.
Multi‐Scale Thermal Mapping of Submarine Groundwater Discharge in Coastal Ecosystems of a Volcanic Area
Authors: Williams Ebony L. , Kratt Christopher B. , Rodolfo Raymond S. , Lapus Mark R. , Lardizabal Ryan R. , Bangun Aya S. , Nguyen Amber T. , Tyler Scott W. , Cardenas M. Bayani 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSubmarine groundwater discharge (SGD) in volcanic areas commonly exhibits high temperatures, concentrations of metals and CO2, and acidity, all of which could affect sensitive coastal ecosystems. Identifying and quantifying volcanic SGD is crucial yet challenging because the SGD might be both discrete, through fractured volcanic rock, and diffuse. At a volcanic area in the Philippines, the novel combination of satellite and drone‐based thermal infrared remote sensing, ground‐based fiber‐optic distributed temperature sensing, and in situ thermal profiling in coastal sediment identified the multi‐scale nature of SGD and quantified fluxes. We identified SGD across ∼30 km of coastline. The different approaches revealed numerous SGD signals from the intertidal zone to about a hundred meters offshore. In active seepage areas, temperatures peaked at 80°C, and Darcy fluxes were as high as 150 cm/d. SGD is therefore locally prominent and regionally important across the study area.
RON receptor tyrosine kinase as a critical determinant in promoting tumorigenic behaviors of bladder cancer cells through regulating MMP12 and HIF-2α pathways
Authors: Wang Ke-jie , Ye Sha-zhou , Jia Xiao-long , Wang Kai-yun , Meng Xiang-yu , Fei Xin , Ye Shi-jie , Ma Qi 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe RON receptor tyrosine kinase is critical in the pathogenesis of various cancer types, however, its role in bladder cancer invasive growth is still largely unknown. Here, we found that over 90% of bladder cancer samples exhibit elevated levels of RON expression, with significantly higher expression levels observed in invasive bladder cancer compared to non-invasive bladder cancer. In vitro, RON activation resulted in increased bladder cancer cell migration and invasiveness. Results from mRNA sequencing and transcriptome analysis further demonstrated that MMP12, a downstream molecule of RON, is functionally involved in regulating RON-mediated bladder cancer cell migration and invasiveness. The underlying mechanism appeared to be the RON-mediated inhibition of HIF-2α ubiquitination, which is channeled through the activation of the JNK signaling pathway. Consequently, the activated JNK pathway increased MMP12 expression, ultimately driving bladder cancer cell migration and invasion. As evident in bioinformatics and dual-luciferase reporter assays, the RON mRNA at its 3′-untranslated regions specifically interacted with hsa-miR-659-3p. The binding of hsa-miR-659-3p downregulated the RON gene expression, attenuating the receptor-mediated tumorigenic activities of bladder cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, aberrant RON expression in bladder cancer cells and MMP12 and HIF-2α activities form a functional axis that causes increased bladder cancer cell migration and invasion. The fact that hsa-miR-659-3p downregulates RON expression indicates its critical role in attenuating RON-mediated tumorigenic effect on bladder cancer cells. These findings highlight the importance of RON targeting as a therapeutic means for potential bladder cancer therapy.
Transforming carbon dioxide into a methanol surrogate using modular transition metal-free Zintl ions
Authors: van IJzendoorn Bono , Albawardi Saad F. , Jobbins William D. , Whitehead George F. S. , McGrady John E. , Mehta Meera 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAlthough not the only greenhouse gas, CO2 is the poster child. Unsurprisingly, therefore, there is global interest across industrial and academic research in its removal and subsequent valorisation, including to methanol and its surrogates. Although difficult to study, the heterogenous pnictogens represent one important category of catalytic materials for these conversions; their high crustal abundance and low cost offers advantages in terms of sustainability. Here, Zintl clusters based on these elements are studied as homogenous atom-precise models in CO2 reduction. A family of group 13 functionalized pnictogen clusters with the general formula [(R2E)Pn7]2– (E = B, Al, In; Pn = P, As) is synthesized and their catalytic competency in the reduction of CO2 probed. Trends in both turnover numbers and frequencies are compared across this series, and [(iBu2Al)P7]2– found to be very high-performing and recyclable. Electronic structures across the series are compared using density functional theory to provide mechanistic insights.
Soil community history strengthens belowground multitrophic functioning across plant diversity levels in a grassland experiment
Authors: Amyntas Angelos , Eisenhauer Nico , Scheu Stefan , Klarner Bernhard , Ilieva-Makulec Krassimira , Madaj Anna-Maria , Gauzens Benoit , Li Jingyi , Potapov Anton M. , Rosenbaum Benjamin , Bassi Leonardo , van Berkum Pamela Medina , Brose Ulrich 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBiodiversity experiments revealed that plant diversity loss can decrease ecosystem functions across trophic levels. To address why such biodiversity-function relationships strengthen over time, we established experimental mesocosms replicating a gradient in plant species richness across treatments of shared versus non-shared history of (1) the plant community and (2) the soil fauna community. After 4 months, we assessed the multitrophic functioning of soil fauna via biomass stocks and energy fluxes across the food webs. We find that soil community history significantly enhanced belowground multitrophic function via changes in biomass stocks and community-average body masses across the food webs. However, variation in plant diversity and plant community history had unclear effects. Our findings underscore the importance of long-term community assembly processes for soil fauna-driven ecosystem function, with species richness and short-term plant adaptations playing a minimal role. Disturbances that disrupt soil community stability may hinder fauna-driven ecosystem functions, while recovery may require several years.
Automated optimization and uncertainty quantification of convergence parameters in plane wave density functional theory calculations
Authors: Janssen Jan , Makarov Edgar , Hickel Tilmann , Shapeev Alexander V. , Neugebauer Jörg 
Published: November 2024

AbstractFirst principles approaches have revolutionized our ability in using computers to predict, explore, and design materials. A major advantage commonly associated with these approaches is that they are fully parameter-free. However, numerically solving the underlying equations requires to choose a set of convergence parameters. With the advent of high-throughput calculations, it becomes exceedingly important to achieve a truly parameter-free approach. Utilizing uncertainty quantification (UQ) and linear decomposition we derive a numerically highly efficient representation of the statistical and systematic error in the multidimensional space of the convergence parameters for plane wave density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Based on this formalism we implement a fully automated approach that requires as input the target precision rather than convergence parameters. The performance and robustness of the approach are shown by applying it to a large set of elements crystallizing in a cubic fcc lattice.
Cowpea legumin preservative impacts on beef ribeye and implications on antibiotic resistant food borne pathogens
Authors: Dawam Wesam , Edris Shimaa , Osman Ali , Elsheikh Mai , Hamad Ahmed , Sitohy Mahmoud , Sabeq Islam 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe current study assessed the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Cowpea-legumin (CPL) against antibiotic-resistant foodborne pathogens (FBP), the consequences on Longissimus thoracis et lumborum (LTL) quality and shelf-life, and the growth curves of inoculated FBPs. Fresh LTL-steaks were enriched with either 0.5 mg/g (CPL0.5) or 1 mg/g (CPL1) and evaluated over 15 chilling-days at 4 °C. Antibiotic-resistant Salmonella enterica and Escherichia coli were inhibited by 25 and 3.125 mg/mL, respectively, while antibiotic-susceptible FBPs and antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus were suppressed by 0.1 mg/mL CPL. CPL1-fortification produced fully tender LTL that was initially yellower/less red than the control, then turned brighter red with storage. CPL demonstrated promising dose-dependent antioxidant, and antibacterial activities against native spoilage and antibiotic-resistant/susceptible FBPs. CPL’s proteinaceous composition, besides sample size, might impact stability. Conclusively, CPL demonstrated promising preservative stability in fresh meat for a maximum of fifteen-days and represents a viable antimicrobial alternative in battle against antibiotic-resistance.
Examining the replicability of online experiments selected by a decision market
Authors: Holzmeister Felix , Johannesson Magnus , Camerer Colin F. , Chen Yiling , Ho Teck-Hua , Hoogeveen Suzanne , Huber Juergen , Imai Noriko , Imai Taisuke , Jin Lawrence , Kirchler Michael , Ly Alexander , Mandl Benjamin , Manfredi Dylan , Nave Gideon , Nosek Brian A. , Pfeiffer Thomas , Sarafoglou Alexandra , Schwaiger Rene , Wagenmakers Eric-Jan , Waldén Viking , Dreber Anna 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Here we test the feasibility of using decision markets to select studies for replication and provide evidence about the replicability of online experiments. Social scientists (n = 162) traded on the outcome of close replications of 41 systematically selected MTurk social science experiments published in PNAS 2015–2018, knowing that the 12 studies with the lowest and the 12 with the highest final market prices would be selected for replication, along with 2 randomly selected studies. The replication rate, based on the statistical significance indicator, was 83% for the top-12 and 33% for the bottom-12 group. Overall, 54% of the studies were successfully replicated, with replication effect size estimates averaging 45% of the original effect size estimates. The replication rate varied between 54% and 62% for alternative replication indicators. The observed replicability of MTurk experiments is comparable to that of previous systematic replication projects involving laboratory experiments.