bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Submillisecond Fourier and Wavelet-based Model to Extract Variable Candidates from the NEOWISE Single-exposure Database
Authors: Paz Matthew 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This paper presents VARnet, a capable signal-processing model for rapid astronomical time series analysis. VARnet leverages wavelet decomposition, a novel method of Fourier feature extraction via the finite-embedding Fourier transform, and deep learning to detect faint signals in light curves, utilizing the strengths of modern GPUs to achieve submillisecond single-source run time. We apply VARnet to the Near-Earth Object Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (NEOWISE) single-exposure database, which holds nearly 200 billion apparitions over 10.5 yr of infrared sources on the entire sky. This paper devises a pipeline in order to extract variable candidates from the NEOWISE data, serving as a proof of concept for both the efficacy of VARnet and methods for an upcoming variability survey over the entirety of the NEOWISE data set. We implement models and simulations to synthesize unique light curves to train VARnet. In this case, the model achieves an F1 score of 0.91 over a four-class classification scheme on a validation set of real variable sources present in the infrared. With ∼2000 points per light curve on a GPU with 22 GB of VRAM, VARnet produces a per-source processing time of <53 μs. We confirm that our VARnet is sensitive and precise to both known and previously undiscovered variable sources. These methods prove promising for a complete future survey of variability with the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, and effectively showcase the power of the VARnet model architecture.
Hamilton Echelle Spectrograph Observations of Solar Analog Field Stars: Lithium Abundance and Activity
Authors: Lubin Dan , Holden Bradford P. , Stock Camille , Melis Carl , Tytler David 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We measured lithium (Li) abundance and instantaneous chromospheric Ca ii HK activity in Hamilton Echelle Spectrograph observations of 211 solar analog field stars, with one objective being potential identification of grand minimum candidates for ongoing multiyear observation. At the zero-age main sequence, Li abundance for a typical late-type dwarf begins at the local interstellar medium abundance and over the main sequence lifetime is steadily depleted by convection at a rate dependent on details of the star’s convection and mixing processes. Our Li abundance measurements show an overall decrease in Li abundance with age and effective temperature, consistent with earlier surveys. In our activity measurements, 41 stars show log R′HK ≤ −5.0, which can be considered very inactive. Of the very inactive stars closest to solar effective temperature, 24 show Li abundances within the range typically observed for midlife Sun-like stars. Another three show very low Li abundance, which, combined with the low activity, suggest an older main sequence star or a slightly evolved star. We suggest that the combination of relatively undepleted Li and instantaneous very low activity might make these stars promising candidates for long time-series observations to determine if they are in a grand minimum state. The Hamilton Echelle Spectrograph observations are publicly available for download and are potentially useful for a variety of survey tasks involving Sun-like stars.
Has the Palomar 14 Globular Cluster Been Captured by the Milky Way?
Authors: Zonoozi Akram Hasani , Rabiee Maliheh , Haghi Hosein , Kroupa Pavel 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We examine a new scenario to model the outer halo globular cluster (GC) Palomar 14 (Pal 14) over its lifetime by performing a comprehensive set of direct N-body calculations. We assume Pal 14 was born in a now detached/disrupted dwarf galaxy with a strong tidal field. Pal 14 evolved there until the slope of the stellar mass function (MF) became close to the measured value, which is observed to be significantly shallower than in most GCs. After about 2–3 Gyr, Pal 14 was then captured by the Milky Way (MW). Although the physical size of such a cluster is indistinguishable from a cluster that has lived its entire life in the MW, other parameters like its mass and the MF slope, strongly depend on the time the cluster is taken from the dwarf galaxy. After being captured by the MW on a new orbit, the cluster expands and eventually reaches the appropriate mass and size of Pal 14 after 11.5 Gyr while reproducing the observed MF. These simulations thus suggest that Pal 14 may have formed in a dwarf galaxy with a post-gas expulsion initial half-mass radius and mass of r
h = 7 pc and 8 < M/104 < 10 M
⊙, respectively, with a high degree of primordial mass segregation.
Dual Active Galactic Nuclei: Precursors of Binary Supermassive Black Hole Formation and Mergers
Authors: Saeedzadeh Vida , Babul Arif , Mukherjee Suvodip , Tremmel Michael , Quinn Thomas R. , Mayer Lucio 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The presence of dual active galactic nuclei (AGNs) on scales of a few tens of kiloparsecs can be used to study merger-induced accretion on supermassive black holes (SMBHs) and offer insights about SMBH mergers, using dual AGNs as merger precursors. This study uses the Romulus25 cosmological simulation to investigate the properties and evolution of dual AGNs. We first analyze the properties of AGNs (L
bol > 1043 erg s−1) and their neighboring SMBHs (any SMBHs closer than 30 pkpc to an AGN) at z ≤ 2. This is our underlying population. We then applied the luminosity threshold of L
bol > 1043 erg s−1 to the neighboring SMBHs thereby identifying dual and multiple AGNs. Our findings indicate an increase in the number of both single and dual AGNs from lower to higher redshifts. We also find that the number of dual AGNs with separations of 0.5–4 kpc is twice the number of duals with separations of 4–30 kpc. All dual AGNs in our sample resulted from major mergers. Compared to single AGNs, duals have a lower black hole-to-halo mass ratio. We found that the properties of dual AGN host halos, including halo mass, stellar mass, star formation rate, and gas mass, are generally consistent with those of single AGN halos, albeit tending toward the higher end of their respective property ranges. Our analysis uncovered a diverse array of evolutionary patterns among dual AGNs, including rapidly evolving systems, slower ones, and instances where SMBH mergers are ineffective.
The Twisting of Radio Waves in a Randomly Inhomogeneous Plasma
Authors: Zhang Ze-Lin , Liu Ruo-Yu 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Polarization of electromagnetic waves carries a large amount of information about their astrophysical emitters and the media they passed through, and hence is crucial in various aspects of astronomy. Here we demonstrate an important but long-overlooked depolarization mechanism in astrophysics: when the polarization vector of light travels along a nonplanar curve, it experiences an additional rotation, in particular for radio waves. The process leads to depolarization, which we call “geometric” depolarization (GDP). We give a concise theoretical analysis of the GDP effect on the transport of radio waves in a randomly inhomogeneous plasma under the geometrical optics approximation. In the case of isotropic scattering in the coronal plasma, we show that the GDP of the angle of arrival of the linearly polarized radio waves propagating through the turbulent plasma cannot be ignored. The GDP effect of linearly polarized radio waves can be generalized to astrophysical phenomena, such as fast radio bursts and stellar radio bursts, etc. Our findings may have a profound impact on the analysis of astrophysical depolarization phenomena.
No Evidence for a Dip in the Binary Black Hole Mass Spectrum
Authors: Adamcewicz Christian , Lasky Paul D. , Thrane Eric , Mandel Ilya 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Stellar models indicate that the core compactness of a star, which is a common proxy for its explodability in a supernova, does not increase monotonically with the star’s mass. Rather, the core compactness dips sharply over a range of carbon–oxygen core masses; this range may be somewhat sensitive to the star’s metallicity and evolutionary history. Stars in this compactness dip are expected to experience supernovae leaving behind neutron stars, whereas stars on either side of this range are expected to form black holes. This results in a hypothetical mass range in which black holes should seldom form. Quantitatively, when applied to binary stripped stars, these models predict a dearth of binary black holes with component masses ≈10M
⊙–15M
⊙. The population of gravitational-wave signals indicates potential evidence for a dip in the distribution of chirp masses of merging binary black holes near ≈10M
⊙–12M
⊙. This feature could be linked to the hypothetical component mass gap described above, but this interpretation depends on what assumptions are made of the binaries’ mass ratios. Here, we directly probe the distribution of binary black hole component masses to look for evidence of a gap. We find no evidence for this feature using data from the third gravitational-wave transient catalog. If this gap does exist in nature, we find that it is unlikely to be resolvable by the end of the current (fourth) LIGO–Virgo–KAGRA observing run.
Hydrodynamical Simulations of Proton Ingestion Flashes in Type I X-Ray Bursts
Authors: Guichandut Simon , Zingale Michael , Cumming Andrew 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We perform the first multidimensional fluid simulations of thermonuclear helium ignition underneath a hydrogen-rich shell. This situation is relevant to Type I X-ray bursts on neutron stars that accrete from a hydrogen-rich companion. Using the low-Mach number fluid code MAESTROeX, we investigate the growth of the convection zone due to nuclear burning, and the evolution of the chemical abundances in the atmosphere of the star. We also examine the convective boundary mixing processes that cause the evolution to differ significantly from previous one-dimensional simulations that rely on mixing-length theory. We find that the convection zone grows outward as penetrating fluid elements cool the overlying radiative layer, rather than directly from the increasing entropy of the convection zone itself. Simultaneously, these flows efficiently mix composition, carrying carbon out of and protons into the convection zone even before contact with the hydrogen shell. We discuss the implications of these effects for future modeling of these events and observations.
Exploring Spatial and Temporal Patterns in the Debrecen Solar Faculae Database: Part II
Authors: Korsós Marianna B. , Elek Anett , Zuccarello Francesca , Erdélyi Robertus 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In this study, utilizing data from the Solar Dynamics Observatory/Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager–Debrecen Faculae Data Catalogue, we investigated solar facula distribution over timescales much larger than the individual lifetimes of faculae. We aimed to better comprehend the behavior of the Sun’s global magnetic field, where faculae play a role as markers. (1) Along the latitudinal direction, we observed the following in the appearance of faculae. (i) Short-term periods with the Carrington rotation (27.3 days) and some of its harmonics (approximately 13.5 and 9 day periods) are identified. In the northern hemisphere, there is also a faint 7 day period. (ii) We also identified longer periods. These longer periods, approximately between 150–300 and 300–500 days, exhibit a diminishing trend from the solar equator to the poles in both hemispheres. (2) Analyzing the distribution and evolution of the longitudinal coordinates of the faculae, we identified two pairs of active longitudes that are separated by 180° from each other.
A Novel Technique for the Extraction of Dynamic Events in Extreme Ultraviolet Solar Images
Authors: Kalenská Petra Kosová , Rajmic Pavel , Gebrtová Karolína , Druckmüller Miloslav 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
High-spatial-resolution images of the solar corona acquired in the extreme ultraviolet (EUV), most notably with the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) instrument on the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) reveal the abundance of dynamic events which range from flaring bright points and jets to erupting prominences and coronal mass ejections (CMEs). In this work we present novel techniques to extract such dynamic events from the more steady background corona using 17.1 nm SDO-AIA images. The techniques presented here treat any time series of coronal images as a matrix that can be decomposed into two matrices representing the background and the dynamic component, respectively. The latter has the properties of a so-called sparse matrix, and the proposed methods are classified as methods based on sparse representations. The proposed methods are the median-filter method, the principal component pursuit, and the dynamic-mode decomposition, all of which include data pre-processing using the noise-adaptive fuzzy equalization method. The study reveals that the median-filter method and the dynamic-mode decomposition enhance all motions in the time series and produce similar results. On the other hand, the principal component pursuit enables the clear differentiation of CMEs from the background corona, thus providing a valuable tool for the characterization of their acceleration profiles in the low corona as seen in the EUV.
Factors Associated With First-Time NCLEX-RN Success at a Predominantly Black Institution
Authors: Collins Elicia S. , Gronka Susan , Foster Victoria , Smiley Lisa , Morgan Rebecca , Buchholz Susan W. , Hooks J. Dwayne 
Published: November 2024

Background
Students from underrepresented groups, including those attending predominantly Black institutions, encounter challenges that hinder first-time success on the National Council Licensure Examination for Registered Nurses (NCLEX-RN).

Method

This retrospective, descriptive study included a convenience sample (
N
= 122) of nursing students. Data for students who attempted the NCLEX-RN at three different time periods were used to identify factors associated with passing the NCLEX-RN on the first attempt.

Results
Students who scored 80 or higher in a medical-surgical course were more likely to pass the NCLEX-RN than those who scored below 80.

Conclusion

Students' performance in predictor courses at predominantly Black institutions may determine success on the NCLEX-RN. Students who did not demonstrate success in identified program predictor courses may benefit from additional preparation and support prior to taking the NCLEX-RN.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2024;63(11):773–776.]
Peer Emotion in Collaborative Simulation Among Nursing Students
Authors: Ngo Thye Peng , Burke Draucker Claire , Barnes Roxie L. , Kwon Kyungbin , Reising Deanna L. 
Published: November 2024

Background
The emotional experiences of nursing students are linked to learning outcomes. Peer learning is a key component of nursing education and simulation. However, little is known about the emotions of students in the context of peer learning. This study sought to provide an in-depth description of nursing students' emotional experiences when participating with another peer in a simulation activity.

Method
Data were obtained from a study of peer collaborative clinical decision making in simulation. All data related to emotions were extracted, summarized, and interpreted using thematic analytic techniques.

Results
Six themes were identified: (1) experiencing a multitude of emotions; (2) hiding emotions; (3) suppressing emotions; (4) revealing emotions; (5) perceiving peers' emotions; and (6) absorbing peers' emotions.

Conclusion

This study highlights the importance of peer emotion in collaborative simulation and renders important implications for nursing education.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2024;63(11):746–754.]
Investigating the Influence of First Principles of Instruction on Trauma Management Skills in Nursing Students
Authors: Chen Jianbang , Lin Zhonghou , Sun Mingyuan , Lin Huan , Liang Tianyu 
Published: November 2024

Background
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of first principles of instruction on trauma management skills for undergraduate nursing students.

Method
Two hundred twenty-four nursing students from Fujian Medical University were divided into control and experimental groups. Participants in the experimental group applied first principles of instruction and introduced design modifications to acquire trauma management skills.

Results
Scores for trauma management skills were significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group. In addition, 89% of students strongly agreed with using first principles of instruction and indicated satisfaction with the teaching mode.

Conclusion

First principles of instruction enhance theoretical understanding of trauma management skills, with significant score differences between experimental and control groups. High student satisfaction underscores the effectiveness of this approach in creating a conducive learning environment. Integrating first principles of instruction holds promise for deeper comprehension and long-term educational success among nursing students.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2024;63(11):731–736.]
Cognitive Flexibility and Professional Identity in Nursing Students: The Modeling Role
Authors: Galletta Maura , Piras Ilenia , Canzan Federica , Dal Santo Letizia 
Published: November 2024

Background
Students' professional identity is essential to build nursing competence. Cognitive flexibility plays a crucial role in developing professional identity, as well as clinical supervisors and academic teachers through role modeling. This study analyzed the role of internship and theoretical modeling in the link between cognitive flexibility and professional identity.

Method

Participants were first-, second-, and third-year nursing students (
n
= 284) at a university in northern Italy. Participants completed an online survey, and multigroup analysis was performed.

Results
Internship modeling was positively associated with professional identity but not for second-year students. Theoretical modeling was not significantly associated with professional identity and cognitive flexibility. Theoretical modeling did not mediate the relationship between cognitive flexibility and professional identity. Clinical internship modeling mediated the relationship between cognitive flexibility and professional identity but not for second-year students.

Conclusion

Internship modeling helps students give sense and coherence to learning, which contributes to their professional identity.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2024;63(11):764–772.]
Offrir à ses élèves les moyens de leur autonomie, la démarche pédagogique de Wilfride Piollet
Authors: Adam Nathalie 
Published: November 2024

En 1989, j’étais élève en danse classique au Conservatoire national supérieur de musique et de danse de Paris lorsque Wilfride Piollet fut nommée professeure ; je découvris alors une pratique étonnante, fort éloignée de ce que j’avais connu auparavant. Deux ans plus tard, quittant le Conservatoire, je commençai à m’entraîner seule suivant les principes qu’elle nous avait enseignés. Cet article se propose de situer la démarche pédagogique de Wilfride Piollet en relation avec son parcours et ses choix d’artiste-interprète, puis de présenter brièvement son cours. Je partirai de la sensation de déstabilisation éprouvée lorsque je l’ai rencontrée pour faire apparaître les écarts existants entre les cours de danse classique que j’avais suivis jusqu’alors et sa pratique, et je montrerai quels étaient les éléments qui favorisaient la construction d’une autonomie de travail chez ses élèves.
Itinéraire d’un enseignant en danse. Une histoire de rencontres et de questionnements renouvelés
Authors: Panassié Romain 
Published: November 2024

Sous forme de témoignage-explicitation, je propose dans cet article de retraverser et d’interroger mon vécu de danseur-pédagogue. Partant d’un retour réflexif, écrit à la première personne, sur mon parcours de formation en danse et mes motivations pour l’enseignement, je partage avec le·la lecteur·rice les questionnements qui m’ont habité depuis l’obtention du diplôme d’État de professeur de danse (DE), et jusqu’à aujourd’hui. Je m’interroge sur l’apport de deux formations en particulier, quant au développement et à l’enrichissement de ma propre démarche pédagogique : le cursus de quatre années en notation du mouvement, système Benesh, au Conservatoire national supérieur de musique et de danse de Paris (CNSMDP) d’une part, et le programme de trois années en Analyse fonctionnelle du corps dans le mouvement dansé (AFCMD) au Pôle Aliénor de Poitiers, d’autre part. Je reviens également sur plusieurs rencontres et expériences de terrain qui ont jalonné mon parcours professionnel : la collaboration avec Sophie Rousseau autour des relations dynamiques entre danse et musique, différents projets menés en tant que notateur-reconstructeur, la rencontre avec les danseur·ses du collectif Les Carnets Bagouet et de la Trisha Brown Dance Company.
An update on the identity of Longitarsus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) species introduced or relocated in Canada for the biological control of tansy ragwort (Asteraceae)
Authors: De Clerck-Floate Rosemarie A. , Toševski Ivo , Floate Kevin D. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Starting in the 1960s, the flea beetle Longitarsus jacobaeae (Waterhouse) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) has been imported and relocated to North America for the control of the weed tansy ragwort, Jacobaea vulgaris (Asteraceae). Some Longitarsus species are morphologically almost indistinguishable, leading to questions regarding the taxonomic identity of the beetles released. Here, we present the results of a molecular study that addresses these questions and updates a list of the releases of Longitarsus within Canada. Our findings confirm the suspected release of the cryptic species L. flavicornis concurrent with releases of L. jacobaeae at sites in British Columbia, Canada, in the 1970s. However, we find no evidence for the continued presence of L. flavicornis at historical release sites in British Columbia nor in Nova Scotia, Canada, where it might potentially have been redistributed. We confirm the presence of L. gracilis Kutschera in Nova Scotia and British Columbia, the latter population likely established from a 2005 release of Longitarsus from Nova Scotia. To our knowledge, this study provides the first published confirmation of L. gracilis in Canada. Finally, we provide evidence that what were recognised in earlier work as three separate taxa (L. succineus (Foudras), L. near noricus, and Longitarsus sp.) are likely all L. succineus.