bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Arabidopsis Cell Culture With Weak Circadian Rhythms Under Constant Light Compared With Constant Dark Can Be Rescued by ELF3
Authors: Laosuntisuk Kanjana , Desai Jigar S. , Doherty Colleen J. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTCallus and cell suspension culture techniques are valuable tools in plant biotechnology and are widely used in fundamental and applied research. For studies in callus and cell suspension cultures to be relevant, it is essential to know if the underlying biochemistry is similar to intact plants. This study examined the expression of core circadian genes in Arabidopsis callus from the cell suspension named AT2 and found that the circadian rhythms were impaired. The circadian waveforms were like intact plants in the light/dark cycles, but the circadian expression in the AT2 callus became weaker in the free‐running, constant light conditions. Temperature cycles could drive the rhythmic expression in constant conditions, but there were novel peaks at the point of temperature transitions unique to each clock gene. We found that callus freshly induced from seedlings had normal oscillations, like intact plants, suggesting that the loss of the circadian oscillation in the AT2 callus was specific to this callus. We determined that neither the media composition nor the source of the AT2 callus caused this disruption. We observed that ELF3 expression was not differentially expressed between dawn and dusk in both entrained, light–dark cycles and constant light conditions. Overexpression of AtELF3 in the AT2 callus partially recovers the circadian oscillation in the AT2 callus. This work shows that while callus and cell suspension cultures can be valuable tools for investigating plant responses, careful evaluation of their phenotype is important. Moreover, the altered circadian rhythms under constant light and temperature cycles in the AT2 callus could be useful backgrounds to understand the connections driving circadian oscillators and light and temperature sensing at the cellular level.
Alert, but not alarmed: Electoral disinformation and trust during the 2023 Australian voice to parliament referendum
Authors: Carson Andrea , Grömping Max , Gravelle Timothy B. , Jackman Simon , Phillips Justin B. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn 2024 experts highlight misinformation and disinformation “amid elections” as the top short‐term global risk. In addressing this pressing concern, electoral authorities are devising strategies to counter electoral disinformation while governments consider changes to public policy and legislation. Drawing on motivated reasoning theory, this study assesses the impact of disinformation and mitigation measures in Australia during the 2023 referendum campaign – to establish a constitutionally enshrined Indigenous Voice to Parliament – and its subsequent impacts on trust in the Australian Electoral Commission (AEC). Through a nationally representative survey experiment (N = 3825) we find overall high public trust in the AEC with disinformation having a small, but detectable effect. This study finds a level of “moral panic” regarding disinformation's threat to electoral integrity, at least in the Australian setting. However, concerningly, we also find existing AEC communication and refutation strategies have limited impact on countering distrust arising after a disinformation attack, suggesting a need for other strategies. Nonetheless, the study underscores the resilience of Australian electoral processes against disinformation threats serving as a caution against excessive legislative reaction to this global problem. Our study contributes to understanding the complex interplay between information, trust, and public policy responses to disinformation challenges.
Minimally Invasive Versus Invasive Proteomics: Urine and Blood Biomarkers in Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Vitorino Rui 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTCoronary artery disease (CAD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. This underlines the urgent need for effective biomarkers for early diagnosis, risk stratification, and therapeutic counseling. Proteomic signatures from plasma and urine have emerged as promising tools for these efforts, each offering unique advantages and challenges. This review provides a detailed comparison of urine and blood proteomic analyzes in the context of CAD and explores their respective advantages and limitations. Urine proteomics offers a minimally invasive, easily repeatable, and temporally stable sampling method, but faces challenges such as lower protein concentrations and potential contamination. Despite its invasive nature, blood proteomics captures high protein concentration and directly reflects systemic physiological changes, making it valuable for acute assessments. Advances in artificial intelligence (AI) have significantly improved the analysis and interpretation of proteomic data, enabling greater accuracy in diagnosis and predictive modeling. AI algorithms, particularly in pattern recognition and data integration, are helping to uncover subtle relationships between biomarkers and disease progression and supporting the discovery of plasma‐ and urine‐based CAD biomarkers. This review demonstrates the potential of combining urine and blood proteomic data using AI to advance personalized approaches in CAD diagnosis and treatment. Future research should focus on standardization of collection protocols, validation of biomarkers in different populations, and the complexity of integrating data from different sources to maximize the potential of proteomics in the treatment of CAD.
Enzymatic, structural, and biophysical characterization of a single‐domain antibody (VHH) selectively and tightly inhibiting neutrophil elastase and exhibiting favorable developability properties
Authors: Redeghieri Paola , Moray Joël , Kerff Frédéric , Gohy Sophie , Leal Teresinha , Muyldermans Serge , Vanbever Rita , Morales‐Yánez Francisco Javier , Dumoulin Mireille 
Published: November 2024

AbstractHuman neutrophil elastase (hNE), a serine protease released by neutrophils during inflammation, plays a major role in the pathophysiology of several conditions especially in inflammatory lung diseases. Its inhibition constitutes, therefore, a promising therapeutic strategy to combat these diseases. In this work, we characterized the in vitro properties of a VHH (i.e., the antigen binding domain of camelid heavy chain‐only antibodies), referred to as NbE201. This VHH is able to inhibit tightly, selectively and competitively both human and murine elastases with the inhibition constants (Ki) of 4.1 ± 0.9 nM and 36.8 ± 3.9 nM, respectively. The IC50 for the inhibition of the hydrolysis of elastin is in the same range to that of alpha‐1 antitrypsin (i.e., the main endogenous inhibitor of hNE also used in the clinic) and 14 times better than that of Sivelestat (i.e., the 2nd clinically approved hNE inhibitor). The X‐ray crystal structure of the NbE201‐hNE complex reveals that the Complementarity Determining Regions CDR1 and CDR3 of the VHH bind into the substrate binding pocket of hNE and prevent the access to small or macromolecular substrates. They do not, however, bind deep enough into the pocket to be hydrolyzed. NbE201 is highly stable towards oxidation, deamidation, and chemical or thermal denaturation. NbE201 is therefore likely to tolerate manufacturing processes during drug development. These results highlight the high potential of NbE201 as a (pre)clinical tool to diagnose and treat diseases associated with excessive hNE activity, and for fundamental research to better understand the role of hNE in these conditions.
Personalized Medicine: Leave no Patient Behind; Report From the 2024 Coffey‐Holden Prostate Cancer Academy Meeting
Authors: Miyahira Andrea K. , Sharifi Marina , Chesner Lisa N. , El‐Kenawi Asmaa , Haas Roni , Sena Laura A. , Tewari Alok K. , Pienta Kenneth J. , Soule Howard R. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionThe 11th Annual 2024 Coffey ‐ Holden Prostate Cancer Academy (CHPCA) Meeting, was themed “Personalized Medicine: Leave No Patient Behind,” and was held from June 20 to 23, 2024 at the University of California, Los Angeles, Luskin Conference Center, in Los Angeles, CA.MethodsThe CHPCA Meeting is an academy‐styled annual conference organized by the Prostate Cancer Foundation, to focus discussion on the most critical emerging research that have the greatest potential to advance knowledge of prostate cancer biology and treatment. The 2024 CHPCA Meeting was attended by 75 academic investigators and included 37 talks across 8 sessions.ResultsThe meeting sessions focused on: novel human, mouse and systems biology research models, novel immunotherapies for prostate cancer, efforts to overcome treatment resistance, the role of metabolism and diet in prostate cancer biology and as a therapeutic target, mechanisms that drive differentiation into neuroendocrine cancer subtypes, the evolving prostate cancer epigenome in disease progression and treatment resistance, and machine learning and advanced computational approaches for precision oncology.DiscussionThis article summarizes the presentations and discussions from the 2024 CHPCA Meeting. We hope that sharing this knowledge will inspire and accelerate research into new discoveries and solutions for prostate cancer.
Isatuximab–dexamethasone–pomalidomide combination effects on serum M protein and PFS in myeloma: Development of a joint model using phase I/II data
Authors: Pitoy Antoine , Desmée Solène , Riglet François , Thai Hoai‐Thu , Klippel Zandra , Semiond Dorothée , Veyrat‐Follet Christine , Bertrand Julie 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis study aimed at leveraging data from phase I/II clinical trials to build a nonlinear joint model of serum M‐protein kinetics and progression‐free survival (PFS) accounting for the effects of isatuximab (Isa), pomalidomide (Pom), and dexamethasone (Dex) in patients with relapsed and/or refractory multiple myeloma. Serum M‐protein levels and PFS data from 203 evaluable patients, included either in a phase I/II study (n = 173) or in a phase I study (n = 30), were used to build the model. First, we independently developed a longitudinal model and a PFS model. Then, we linked them in a nonlinear joint model by selecting the link function that best captured the association between serum M‐protein kinetics and PFS. A Claret tumor growth‐inhibition model accounting for the additive effects of Isa, with an Emax function, Pom, and Dex on serum M‐protein elimination was selected to describe serum M‐protein kinetics. PFS was best described with a log‐logistic model and associations with baseline beta‐2 microglobulin level, age, and coadministration of Dex were identified. The instantaneous change in serum M‐protein level was found to be associated with PFS in the final joint model. Using model simulations, we retrospectively supported the Isa 10 mg/kg weekly for 4 weeks, then biweekly (QW/Q2W) dosing regimen of the ICARIA‐MM phase III pivotal study, and validated it using the same phase III pivotal study data.
A Unified Adaptive Event‐Triggered Output Feedback Consensus for Multi‐Agent Systems With or Without Output Constraints
Authors: Huang Zixuan , Karimi Hamid Reza , Niu Ben , Li Lun , Zhao Xudong 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis paper is dealing with the problem of adaptive event‐triggered leader‐follower consensus for multi‐agents systems with output constraints and dead‐zone inputs. By introducing an advanced nonlinear mapping technique to obtain the unconstrained auxiliary variables of constrained system states, a new systems model without output constraints is constructed. Unlike existing schemes, the proposed strategy can be used in both constrained and unconstrained situations without requiring changes to the control structure. Moreover, a state estimator is constructed to observe the unavailable states. To conserve communication resources, an event‐triggered rule with a dynamic threshold is designed to decrease superfluous information transmissions from the controller to the actuator. It is proven that all signals in closed‐loop systems are ultimately bounded, and the system output does not violate the given constraint range. At last, a numerical simulation example is provided to confirm the correctness and efficiency of the proposed method.
Development of Vincristine‐Loaded Nano Graphene Oxides for Dual Therapies Against Canine Anaplastic Carcinoma Cells Obtained From a Dog with Spontaneous Mammary Tumor
Authors: Atay Yunus Emre , Yusufbeyoğlu Sadi , Hamurcu Zuhal , Güler Ahsen , Bayram Latife Çakir , Ekebaş Görkem , Celik Cagla , Yilmaz Cemile , Ocsoy Ismail , Akar Yaşar 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAmong pet species, mammary tumors are most commonly encountered in dogs. In the traditional treatment of mammary tumors in dogs; surgical operation, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, cryotherapy, radiotherapy and homeopathy are used. Herein, we reported vincristine loaded nano graphene oxide (Vin@nGO) for simultaneous photothermal therapy (PTT) and chemotherapy under near infrared laser (NIR, 808 nm), whereas GO was used both as a platform for vincristine and as a photothermal (PT) agent, and vincristine was used as a chemotherapeutic agent. Spontaneous mammary tumor masses of a dog were removed and primary tumor cells were obtained and propagated by tissue culture from tumor tissue samples under appropriate conditions. Then, these cells were incubated with Vin@nGO and exposed to NIR laser. NIR laser irradiation at 808 nm was converted to heat by nGO, then the target cancer cells were destroyed by both hyperthermia and chemotherapy. MTS analysis was performed to test the effectiveness of this dual therapy on cell proliferation and a statistically significant (p < 0.05) decrease in cell proliferation/viability was found (90% reduction compared to the control group (p < 0.0001)). Our study data also shed light on usability of Vin@nGO in the in vivo model for future work.
Facilitating Oriented Electron Transfer from Cu to Mo2C MXene for Weakened Mo─H Bond Toward Enhanced Photocatalytic H2 Generation
Authors: Liu Ruiyun , Wang Ping , Wang Xuefei , Chen Feng , Yu Huogen 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMo2C MXene (Mo2CTx) is recognized as an excellent cocatalyst due to unique physicochemical properties and platinum‐like d‐band of Mo active sites. However, Mo sites of Mo2CTx with high‐density empty d‐orbitals exhibit strong Mo─Hads bonds during photocatalytic hydrogen evolution, leading to easy adsorption of hydrogen ions from solution and unfavorable desorption of H2 from Mo sites. To weaken the Mo─Hads bond, a strategy of oriented electron transfer from Cu to Mo2CTx to increase the antibonding orbital occupancy of Mo─Hads hybrid orbitals is implemented by introducing Cu into Mo2CTx interlayers to form Cu‐Mo2CTx. The Cu‐Mo2CTx is synthesized from Mo2Ga2C and CuCl2 via a one‐step molten salt method and combined with TiO2 to form Cu‐Mo2CTx/TiO2 photocatalyst through an ultrasound‐assisted approach. Hydrogen production tests reveal that an exceptional performance of Cu‐Mo2CTx/TiO2 (6446 µmol h−1 g−1, AQE = 18.3%) is 8.4 fold higher than that of Mo2CF2/TiO2 (Mo2CF2 by the conventional etchant NH4F+HCl). Density functional theory (DFT) calculations and characterization results corroborate that the oriented electron transfer from Cu to Mo2CTx increases the Mo─Hads antibonding occupancy in Cu‐Mo2CTx, thereby weakening Mo─Hads bonds and accelerating the hydrogen evolution rate of TiO2. This research offers valuable insights into optimizing H‐adsorption capabilities at active sites on MXene materials.
In Situ Self‐Assembled 200 nm‐Depth Highly Active Layer Non‐Precious Metals Catalyst for Industrial Water Electrolysis
Authors: You Xin , Zhang Hao , Xiong Xiaolu , Hu Zhiwei , Kuo Chang‐Yang , Chang Fan‐Hsiu , Chen Chien‐Te , Li Zhenya , Bian Wenjie , Jing Chao , Wang Jian‐Qiang , Zhang Linjuan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractNickel‐based electrocatalysts are promising for industrial water electrolysis, but the dense hydroxyl oxide layer formed during the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) limits active sites accessibility and presents challenges in balancing structural stability with effective charge transfer. Based on this, an efficient in situ leaching strategy is proposed to construct grain boundary‐rich catalyst structure with high charge transfer ability and a deep catalytic active layer reached >200‐nm. Under OER conditions, stable sub‐nano Ni3Al particles are embedded in Ni(Fe)OOH, originating from leaching out the unstable Ni2Al3 phase of the initial Ni2Al3/Ni3Al alloy doped with Fe. The structural evolutions are characterized using in situ Raman spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and X‐ray absorption spectroscopy. The catalyst exhibits exemplary performance, evidenced by a low overpotential of 212 mV at 10 mA cm−2, a minimal Tafel slope of 25.0 mV dec−1. The catalyst maintains stable for >500 h at 500 mA cm−2 under industrial conditions. Furthermore, its performance in seawater electrolysis is notably superior, exhibiting an overpotential of 223 mV at 10 mA cm−2 and a Tafel slope of 37.5 mV dec−1. The in situ high activity in the deep porous phase by leaching out unstable phases provides a new method for engineering high‐performance industrial catalysts.
Achieving Ultrafast Charge Transfer by Engineering Multiple Pn Junctions in 3D Hierarchical Cathodes Toward Photo‐Chargeable Zinc‐Organic Batteries
Authors: Liu Hang , Tian Zhuocheng , Peng Shaoqian , Cui Lianmeng , Wang Dongxue , Yang Xu , Zhou Liang , Xia Jianlong 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPhoto‐charging zinc ion batteries (PCZIBs) emerge as an innovative approach for the effective utilization and storage of solar energy. However, challenges originating from the suboptimal accessibility of photoexcited charges to electroactive sites severely restrict their practical applications. Herein, a facile methodology to balance light utilization and electrochemical performance by constructing multiple pn junctions in a 3D hierarchical PTCDA‐SP/CuZnS photoelectrochemical cathode is reported. DFT calculations reveal that p‐type CuZnS can adjust the local electronic environment of n‐type PTCDA‐SP, facilitating the formation of multiple pn junctions among the interface of this cathode. This unique nanostructure significantly promotes ultrafast charge transfer within 3 ps and prevents other undesirable excited state decay pathways, as well as boosts ultrashort photo‐response relaxation time less than 20s, resulting in high values of both photo current and voltage of 72.1 µA cm−2 and 813 mV cm−2 respectively. Additionally, all these carbonyls are responsible for photoelectrochemical Zn2+ storage cascade, ensuring significant improvements in reversible capacities (ca. 32%). This study describes a paradigm of building pn junction on 3D hierarchical cathodes to construct high‐performance PCZIBs.
Efficient Ion Screening Boosted by MOF/COF Bilayer Membrane Through Multiple Separation Mechanisms
Authors: Ma Yu , Liu Lin , Yu Ruihe , Ma Mengran , Gao Nan , Sun Lu , Zhang Ning , Zhu Guangshan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPorous organic frameworks (POFs), including metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs), have drawn attention as ion‐selective materials due to their well‐defined channels and functional sites. However, their individual limitations require novel approaches to maximize their potential. In this study, a hybrid bilayer membrane combining MOFs and COFs on a nylon substrate via consecutive liquid‐liquid interface polymerization is developed. This method forms robust chemical bonds between the MOF and COF layers, creating efficient ion transport channels. The integration of ZIF‐8 (MOF layer), which exhibits strong electrostatic repulsion against cations, with TpPa‐SO3H (COF layer), offering strong cation coordination, results in a synergistic effect that significantly enhances ion separation. The ZIF‐8/TpPa‐SO3H/nylon membrane achieved a Li+/Mg2+ separation ratio of 501, which is 400 times higher than the pristine ZIF‐8 membrane and 200 times higher than the TpPa‐SO3H membrane. This outstanding performance is due to the combined electrostatic repulsion of the MOF layer and functional coordination of the COF layer, enabling precise ion discrimination. The membrane's structural integrity and chemical stability further contribute to its superior ion separation efficiency, making it a promising candidate for large‐scale lithium extraction from salt lakes.
Are we training the trainers? Leadership educator preparation in student affairs programs
Authors: Friesen Katherine L. , Teig Trisha S. , Painter Claire E. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractRecently, leadership education researchers and practitioners have raised significant concerns about the gap between the expectations of, and professional training for, leadership educators in student affairs. These professionals are frequently required to facilitate leadership learning, especially in co‐curricular training spaces for student leaders. However, they are often not adequately prepared or resourced by their professional development to deliver these training experiences. Moreover, the growing professional development opportunities in leadership education suggest practitioners need education earlier to be effective in their jobs. This article focuses on these gaps in preparing student affairs professionals as leadership educators in leadership training capacities and suggestions for future research to meet these unaddressed needs.
MART: MultiscAle Relational Transformer Networks for Multi-agent Trajectory Prediction
Authors: Lee Seongju , Lee Junseok , Yu Yeonguk , Kim Taeri , Lee Kyoobin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMulti-agent trajectory prediction is crucial to autonomous driving and understanding the surrounding environment. Learning-based approaches for multi-agent trajectory prediction, such as primarily relying on graph neural networks, graph transformers, and hypergraph neural networks, have demonstrated outstanding performance on real-world datasets in recent years. However, the hypergraph transformer-based method for trajectory prediction is yet to be explored. Therefore, we present a MultiscAle Relational Transformer (MART) network for multi-agent trajectory prediction. MART is a hypergraph transformer architecture to consider individual and group behaviors in transformer machinery. The core module of MART is the encoder, which comprises a Pair-wise Relational Transformer (PRT) and a Hyper Relational Transformer (HRT). The encoder extends the capabilities of a relational transformer by introducing HRT, which integrates hyperedge features into the transformer mechanism, promoting attention weights to focus on group-wise relations. In addition, we propose an Adaptive Group Estimator (AGE) designed to infer complex group relations in real-world environments. Extensive experiments on three real-world datasets (NBA, SDD, and ETH-UCY) demonstrate that our method achieves state-of-the-art performance, enhancing ADE/FDE by 3.9%/11.8% on the NBA dataset. Code is available at https://github.com/gist-ailab/MART.