bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
OS LIMITES DA DEMOCRACIA: A TOLERÂNCIA RESTRITA E A CRIMINALIZAÇÃO DO TERRORISMO
Authors: Dissenha Rui Carlo , Vidal Guaragni Giovanni 
Published: July 2019

<p>O intuito do presente artigo é, a partir de uma abordagem teórica, com documentação indireta de fontes secundárias, e uma metodologia hipotético-dedutiva, apontar limites inerentes ao projeto político democrático ocidental e averiguar as consequências às searas política e jurídico-penal. A democracia busca sustentação em quatro principais pilares: pluralidade, tolerância, liberdade e igualdade. Tais valores fundamentais costumam conflitar, restando à política democrática a harmonização entre liberdade e igualdade e a manutenção de relações conflitivas, o que garante a pluralidade e tolerância e, com isso, a própria democracia. As democracias ocidentais contemporâneas, entretanto, buscando proteção contra modelos de pensamento intolerantes, adotam o chamado “princípio da tolerância restrita”, que legitima a intolerância contra os intolerantes, transformando-se em modelos paradoxais, tendentes à autofagia em razão da formação de consensos e da eliminação da pluralidade. O combate democrático à intolerância se manifesta de maneira sintomática na aplicação do poder punitivo e na criminalização do terrorismo, em um Direito Penal menos garantidor do que o destinado aos cidadãos comuns. Sociedades que se pretendam democráticas devem se afastar do duplo gume da tolerância restrita, adotando os eixos da liberdade democrática, da educação democrática e do controle democrático, erigindo um sistema punitivo mínimo, dedicado à criminalização de condutas lesivas a bens jurídicos e não a valores democráticos.</p>
PEMODELAN PEMROGRAMAN LINIER DENGAN KOEFISIEN FUNGSI OBJEKTIF, FUNGSI KENDALA DAN VARIABEL KEPUTUSAN BERBENTUK BILANGAN KABUR BESERTA APLIKASINYA
Authors: Amrullah Muhammad 
Published: July 2019

Abstrak Dalam penelitian ini penulis akan mengusulkan algoritma untuk memodelkan masalah pemrograman linear kabur dengan bilangan kabur trapesium menggunakan metode simpleks. Secara khusus dalam aplikasi teori ini adalah masalah pengambilan keputusan pemrograman linear kabur dengan menyajikan metode baru untuk menyelesaikan masalah pemrograman linier kabur dengan menggunakan fungsi ranking. Pada dasarnya, langkah-langkah dalam metode penelitian ini sama dengan dengan metode simpleks yang digunakan untuk memecahkan masalah pemrograman linier tegas.Kata kunci: Fuzzy linear programming, fungsi ranking, metode simpleks. AbstractIn this paper author shall propose an algorithm for solving fuzzy linear programming problems with trapezoidal numbers using a simplex method. In particular, an application of this theory in decision making problems is fuzzy linear programming with a new method for solving fuzzy linear programming problems, by use of rank function. Basically, our method is similar to simplex method that was used for solving linear programming problems in crisp environment before.Keywords: Fuzzy linier programming, rank function, simplex method.
NILAI EIGEN MATRIKS QUATERNION
Authors: Ekawati Susi 
Published: July 2019

AbstrakMenurut Zhang (2007), jika adalah matriks quaternion dengan dan adalah nilai eigen kiri dari , maka . Dalam penelitian ini akan ditunjukkan tiga hal. Pertama, jika adalah matriks quaternion dengan dan adalah nilai eigen kiri dari maka .Kata Kunci : Quaternion, Determinan Cayley, Nilai Eigen Kiri AbstractAccording to Zhang (2007), if is a quaternion matrix with and is the left eigenvalue of , then . In this paper will be shown, if is a quaternion matrix with and is the left eigenvalue of , then .Keywords : Quaternion, Cayley Determinant, Left Eigenvalue
Analisis Komponen Utama Pada Data Potensi Kecamatan di Kota Palu Sebelum Bencana Gempa Bumi dan Tsunami 28 September 2018
Authors: Purnama Drajat Indra 
Published: July 2019

Pada tanggal 28 September 2018 peristiwa gempa bumi berkekuatan 7,4 SR diikuti dengan tsunami melanda Kota Palu. Gempa bumi dan tsunami memakan ribuan korban jiwa, ribuan orang mengungsi, ribuan bangunan hancur dan kerusakan infrastruktur di Kota Palu. Selain itu, dampak bencana gempa bumi dan tsunami ini berpengaruh terhadap pembangunan Kota Palu. Pembangunan yang susah payah dibangun dan memerlukan waktu lama, tiba-tiba hancur seketika karena gempa bumi dan tsunami. Penelitian ini difokuskan pada potensi kecamatan di Kota Palu sebelum terjadi bencana gempa bumi dan tsunami. Adapun data yang digunakan berasal dari publikasi Kota Palu dalam angka 2018 yang diperoleh dari BPS Kota Palu. Variabel pada penelitian ini merupakan variabel yang diambil dari berbagai aspek yakni geografi, pemerintahan, sosial, transportasi, komunikasi, dan ekonomi. Adapun rincian variabel penelitiannya adalah luas kecamatan (X1), kelurahan/desa (X2), Penduduk (X3), SD/sederajat (X4), SLTP/sederajat (X5), SLTA/sederajat (X6), fasilitas kesehatan (X7), tempat ibadah (X8), jalan aspal (X9), menara telekomunikasi/tower (X10), koperasi (X11), dan took/kios (X12). Dua belas variabel yang diteliti tersebut disederhanakan ke dalam variabel baru berupa komponen utama. Hasil analisis komponen utama menunjukkan data potensi kecamatan di Kota Palu tahun 2017 terbentuk tiga komponen utama serta dapat menjelaskan varian data secara keseluruhan sebesar 89,98 persen.
MONITORING VARIABILITAS PROSES BERDASARKAN STATISTIK WILKS
Authors: Barlian Sari Suci , Tri Herdiani Erna , Sirajang Nasrah 
Published: July 2019

In a manufacturing industry quality problems often occur. One of the main cause is due to variability process. Variability process is a variation that occurs in the process, both in manufacturing and non-manufacturing processes. One method for monitoring variabiliti process is by using Wilks Statistics. Wilks statistics is a method that is used based on individual observations. This study aims to monitor the variability of the process and apply it to Electric Resistance Welded (ERW) pipes with the Wilks statistical method. In addition, a capability process analysis is also carried out when the Wilks control chart has been controlled. The result showed that all observations carried out individually were in control limit with a capability process of 2.5386, which means the process capability of ERW pipe production using a multivariate Wilks statistical control chart was capable and match with the specifications limit specified by company.
PENGEMBANGAN MODUL BERBASIS DAERAH TRENGGALEK UNTUK MENUMBUHKAN SIKAP PEDULI LINGKUNGAN
Authors: Rozhana Kardiana Metha 
Published: July 2019

The teacher's difficulties in teaching are weaknesses in preparing thematic lesson plans and the lack of adequate learning resources for students. The purpose of this development and research is to provide facilities and new innovations for elementary school teachers in developing module teaching materials. The hope is that this module can be used as an additional supplement for students and as an effort to apply environmental awareness as found in character education. This study used the research and development method of Borg & Gall. The results of the feasibility validation from the experts showed that the percentage of 89.4% was feasible. While aspects of the application of teachers and students of module products through questionnaires showed an average percentage of 92.5% with very good criteria and could be used without revision. While the effectiveness of modules is seen from two aspects, namely learning outcomes with a mean percentage of 95.2% showing complete learning and learning activities showing active information with a percentage of 77.4%. While the value of environmental care attitude shows a percentage of 3%, namely a good attitude towards the environment of residence.
Kesulitan guru dalam mengajar yaitu kelemahan dalam menyusun RPP tematik dan kurangnya sumber belajar yang memadahi bagi siswa. Tujuan pengembangan dan penelitian ini yaitu memberikan kemudahan dan inovasi baru bagi guru SD dalam mengembangkan bahan ajar modul. Harapannya modul ini dapat dijadikan suplemen tambahan bagi siswa dan sebagai upaya menerapkan sikap peduli lingkungan sebagaimana yang terdapat dalam pendidikan karakter. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian dan pengembangan Borg & Gall. Hasil validasi kelayakan dari para ahli menunjukkan persentase 89,4% layak digunakan. Sedangkan aspek keterterapan guru dan siswa produk modul melalui angket menunjukkan persentase rata-rata 92,5% dengan kriteria sangat baik dan dapat digunakan tanpa revisi. Sedangkan keefektifan modul dilihat dari dua aspek yaitu hasil belajar dengan persentase rerata 95,2% menunjukkan pembelajaran tuntas dan aktivitas belajar menunjukkan keterangan aktif dengan persentase 77,4%. Sedangkan nilai sikap peduli lingkungan menunjukan persentase 3% yaitu sikap baik terhadap lingkungan tempat tinggal.
Menelisik Pajak Penghasilan Atas Bisnis Online Shop
Authors: Viana Elisabeth Ria , Margareth Paulina , Serly - 
Published: July 2019

<p>This research is motivated by the large number of online shops these days which make question about the entrepreneur of online shop’s obedience onto their tax obligation. This study aims at exploring the entrepreneur of online shop’s tax comprehension and how it is applied for their income. In order to interpret and understand the relationship between income tax and online shop business form used interpretative paradigm as a research methodology. Interpretative paradigm is considered able to interpret the experience and the awareness on the income tax of online shop. From this study it was found that tax is considered as an obligation, deadweight, and a complicated case. There is an opinion that owning convensional shop give more awareness to the entrepreneurs to pay the tax rather than owning online shop. In addition this study successfully traced that some of the interviewees with their knowledge and their realiziation using online shop to avoid tax that might leads to be applied on their income. Online shop is used as a way to hide their income due to the unmonitored and there is no specific constitution about this case.</p><p> </p><p>Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh maraknya usaha online shop saat ini yang juga menimbulkan pertanyaan tentang ketaatan pengusaha online shop atas kewajiban pajaknya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki pemahaman pajak bagi pengusaha online shop dan aplikasinya dalam penghasilan mereka. Dalam rangka memaknai dan memahami kembali keterkaitan antara pajak penghasilan dan usaha online shop, digunakan paradigma interpretatif sebagai metodelogi penelitian. Paradigma interpretatif dianggap mampu memaknai pengalaman dan kesadaran atas pajak penghasilan dan usaha online shop. Dari penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa pajak dianggap sebagai kewajiban, beban, dan hal yang sulit. Ada pandangan bahwa kepemilikan toko secara konvensional jauh lebih mendorong pengusaha untuk membayar pajak jika dibandingkan dengan kepemilikan online shop. Selain itu, penelitian ini berhasil menemukan bahwa ada beberapa informan yang dengan pengetahuan dan kesadaran mereka menggunakan online shop untuk menghindari pajak yang bisa dikenakan atas penghasilan mereka. Online shop digunakan sebagai cara untuk menyembunyikan penghasilan mereka karena pengenaan paj aknya yang belum ketat dan belum ada Undang-Undang khusus terkait hal itu.</p>
Validation of a duplex qPCR for detection of Chlamydia trachomatis DNA in ocular samples and comparison with a direct immunofluorescence method using samples from endemic and non-endemic areas in Brazil
Authors: Favacho Joana da Felicidade Ribeiro , Leite Keren Kariene , Gomes Samara Tatielle Monteiro , Mota Gardene Dourado , Mesquita Maria da Paz Menezes , Schluga Pedro Henrique de Caires , Tassi Wallyed , Jacomasso Thiago , Farias Aline Burda , Rampazzo Rita de Cássia Pontello , Gaydos Charlotte A. , West Sheyla , Costa Alexandre Dias Tavares , Cunha Antonio Jose Ledo Alves da 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Trachoma, caused by the bacteria Chlamydia trachomatis, is the world leading infectious cause of blindness. The disease is associated with poor living conditions, especially in developing countries. In these countries, diagnosis is usually based on clinical evaluation, although laboratory confirmation is necessary. Serological-based tests for trachoma laboratory confirmation are cheaper than molecular-based tests, but the later are more sensitive and specific. Among the available molecular tests, qPCR has the best cost-benefit. With this in mind, the present study developed a new duplex qPCR reaction, which concomitantly detects C. trachomatis cryptic plasmid and the human 18S rRNA gene, as an internal reaction control. The new qPCR was validated using 50 previously qPCR-characterized samples for trachoma infection, and showed 95% specificity and 100% sensitivity, with an estimated LOD95 of 600 ag/µL. Next, 50 samples from an endemic area (Marajó, Pará) and 12 from a non-endemic area (Curitiba, Paraná) were investigated using direct immunofluorescence assay (DFA) or the new duplex qPCR. Among the 50 endemic samples, three were positive by clinical evaluation (6%), 18 by DFA (36%) and 48 by qPCR (96%). All samples positive by the clinic evaluation were also positive by qPCR. From the 18 DFA-positives, qPCR identified 16 as positives as well. On the other hand, 32 samples that were DFA-negative due to the low number of elementary bodies (<5 per slide) were positive by qPCR. The results show that the new duplex qPCR has sensitivity and specificity in similar levels to commercial qPCR tests available, and that qPCR indeed is more sensitive than clinical evaluation or DFA, thus allowing earlier treatment start. The ubiquitous presence of C. trachomatis DNA in samples from the endemic region confirms that constant monitoring is necessary. Additionally, effective measures for the elimination of trachoma and the detection of bacterial DNA in the active infection are of fundamental importance, and this newly developed duplex qPCR is an important tool towards this goal.
The prediction of the crucial regulatory factors and functional analysis in pulmonary arterial hypertension by re-annotation
Authors: Li Wang , Li Xing , Hu Bing , Xia Qingqing , Ni Xiuqin 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by a progressive increase in pulmonary vascular resistance, which increases the right ventricular load and eventually leads to right ventricular failure and death. Recent theoretical developments have revealed that quiet a few lncRNAs played an important role in the development of pulmonary vascular diseases, such as H19, tcons_00034812. However, the mechanism of mRNA regulated by lncRNA in the PAH remained unclear.

Results

In our study, we re-annotated Affymetrix Murine Genome array to Human reference genome(hg38) by using the data from GENCODE database, in the light of lncRNA and mRNA. We screened differentially expressed lncRNA/mRNA between PAH samples and normal samples. Then we constructed PAH related lncRNA/mRNA co-expression network and analyzed topological properties of the network. We excavated the modules by the WGCNA R package. The genes in the modules excavated are used for enrichment analysis of functions and pathways. Finally, 8 functional modules were identified as pathogenic modules, providing new ideas for understanding the potential mechanisms of PAH.

Conclusions

We generated a new strategy to do research on pulmonary arterial hypertension. The pathogenic modules played an important role and could offer new therapeutic targets for pulmonary arterial hypertension mechanism research.
Mastery Learning improves Nursing Students’ skills The implementation of Mastery Learning method
Authors: Rabori Roghayeh Mehdipour , Nematollahi Monirsadat , Bagheryan Behnaz 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Abstract
Background and purpose: Clinical education is an important part of nursing education and it is influenced by teaching methods. On the other hand, educational methods play an important role in shaping students’ basic skills and professional abilities. In order to promote clinical skills in students, the use of new clinical teaching methods seems necessary. Nevertheless, a lot of nursing instructors in Iran use traditional methods to teach nursing skills to the undergraduate nursing students in hospitals.
In this interventional study, we compared the effect of mastery learning method and common learning method on the performance of undergraduate nursing students between 2106-2018.
method
After receiving written consent, the participants were randomly divided into two groups of intervention and control. Participants' performance in five common intensive care unit (ICU) procedures (i.e. trachea and tracheostomy suction, nasogastric tube feeding, packed cell transfusion, changing set and fluid box, and changing fluid box) was assessed before and after the intervention. The assessment of participants was done by a researcher- made checklist. Data were analyzed using SPSS (version 21).
findings: No significant difference in terms of procedures performance was observed between two groups before the intervention (p>o. o5). However, paired t test showed that the scores of the intervention group before and after intervention were significantly different (p<0.05).
Conclusion: This study revealed that the implementation of mastery learning method in clinical skills training could be very effective in improving the quality of clinical learning of nursing students.
Multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) for surface water management plan, a case study of Kansachara sub-watershed, West Bengal, India
Authors: Bera Kartic , Banik Pabitra 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The increasing demands on fresh water resources by our burgeoning population and diminishing quality of existing water resources because of pollution and the additional requirements of serving our spiraling industrial and agricultural growth have led to a situation where the consumption of water is rapidly increasing and the supply of fresh water remains more or less constant. In the context of quality, potable water is always meager for the present and future. The study is an innovative attempt towards the development of the watershed on the earth science platform. Thereafter the balancing of water resources for domestic and agricultural uses is also tried. The focus is mainly on surface water for present use and groundwater for future. This management plan especially includes socially and economically backward demographic conditions. The present study is an integrated approach for a micro-watershed development plan of the Kansachara sub-watershed.
Methods of teaching educational data mining for pedagogical students
Authors: Terbusheva E. A. 
Published: July 2019

The aimof the article is to discuss and argue teaching educational data mining for pedagogical stu-dents and to describe the methodical system of educational data mining teaching for students with a middle level of mathematical and IT disciplines, that contributes to the development of student’s research competence. The relevance of the study is determined by the requirements for the ability of higher education graduates to analyze information and perform research using modern methods and technologies that are mentioned in the educational standards and the government order. They are associated with an increasing amount of accumulated data in various fields and the cost of the knowledge extracted from data.Materials and methods.The article describes the author’s methodical system of educational data mining teaching, which was developed rely on: analysis of requirements and expectations to the re-search competence level, data analysis skills and modern education in general; comparison and analysis of the content of educational programs, books and courses on data mining and related dis-ciplines, generalization of pedagogical experience. The main aspects underlying the methodology: a form of flipped learning, a concentric (iterative) content structure, research teaching methods, a set of practical tasks for developing research competencies and Weka software for data mining as the main technical training tool for practical tasks implementation. The effectiveness of the developed methodological system was tested by the educational process monitoring, students questioning and statistical processing of questionnaires data.Results.The study shows the relevance of educational data mining teaching for students of peda-gogical universities, studying in mathematical and informational specialization. The use of the de-scribed methodic system for senior pedagogical students allows increasing the level of research competence of students and significantly developing the competence of data analysis.Conclusion.The described methodical system can used be partially or completely by teachers and methodologists for teaching data analysis at the modern level and development of research compe-tence of students with an average level of knowledge in mathematical and IT disciplines.
Targeted Drug Delivery of Teniposide by Magnetic Nanocarrier
Authors: Kakaei Saeed , Khameneh Elham Sattarzadeh , Ghasemi Effat , Aghazadeh Mustafa 
Published: July 2019

Background::
Drug delivery technologies adjust drug release profile, absorption, distribution,
and elimination for benefiting to the improvement of product efficacy, effectiveness, and safety.
The IONPs release drugs via enzymatic activity, changes in physiological conditions such as pH,
osmolality radiation, or temperature. In the case of nanoparticles that respond to the magnetic stimulus,
the drug directs its action towards the site of a detected magnetic field.

Objective::
In this study, the synthesis of a specific drug-delivery system based on magnetic nanocarrier
for teniposide as an anticancer drug is reported. The iron oxide@SiO2 core-shell nanoparticles
were functionalized with APTS as a spacer then coupling to the DOTA molecules. Anticancer drug
of teniposide conjugated to the acidic group of DOTA via an amide bond. Multi-purpose magnetic
nanoparticles were synthesized for targeted delivery of teniposide.

Methods:
Iron oxide nanoparticles were firstly coated with silica and their surface was then modified
with aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) through an in situ method. DOTA-NHS was also coupled
to Fe3O4@SiO2-APTES via an amide bond formation. In the final step, teniposide as an anti-cancer
drug was conjugated with DOTA through ester bonds, and the final compound of Fe3O4@SiO2-
APTES-DOTA-Teniposide was obtained. The obtained nanocarrier was evaluated by various analyses.

Results::
The multifunctional Fe3O4@SiO2-APTES-DOTA nanocarriers were successfully synthesized
and characterized by XRD, FTIR, TGA, and UV-vis techniques. The silica-coated magnetic
nanoparticle functionalized with aminopropyl triethoxysilane (APTES) was reacted with an acid
group of DOTA, and teniposide was then coupled to DOTA through ester formation bonds. Drug
release experiments showed that most of the conjugated teniposide were released within the first 12h.

Conclusion::
The fabricated nano-carriers exhibited pH-sensitive drug release behavior, which can
minimize the non-specific systemic spread of toxic drugs during circulation whilst maximizing the
efficiency of tumor-targeted anticancer drug delivery for this purpose. The prepared teniposidegrafted
Fe3O4@SiO2-APTES-DOTA core–shell structure nanoparticles showed a magnetic property
with exposure to magnetic fields, indicating a great potential application in the treatment of cancer
using magnetic targeting drug-delivery technology and multimodal imaging techniques.