bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Children’s Books as Pedagogical Tools to Minimize Latrophobia
Authors: Motz Thomas 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Latrophobia, defined as the morbid and irrational fear of doctors or hospitals, makes medical or hospital visits extremely challenging for those who suffer from it. For many people, the cause of Latrophobia or its milder forms, including dislike and anxiety, is often rooted in childhood. Therefore, a large number of children's books deal with and illustrate the topic of a “doctor’s visit”, in order to reduce the anxiety through pedagogical methods combined in the narrative. The aim of the study is to investigate the extent to which selected children's books highlight latrophobia and try to reduce it by educational means. One focus is an analysis and an evaluation of the individual works combined with a comparison of the different methods of individual books. The main aim is to prove that children’s books can have the capability to reduce latrophobia. Materials and methods. The research examines 10 international children’s books dealing with doctor (dental) visits. A field test covering 63 children (21 with potential latrophobia) provides information for pedagogical values within these books. Furthermore, a subjective assessment combined with the ongoing survey filters (un)valuable methods and approaches. Results. More than half of the 21 children showed improved results concerning their feeling of being afraid before and after reading the book(s). Nevertheless, the assessment of the books showed that there are strong differences concerning the approach of “anxiety”. The methods used in the stories to reduce anxiety are numerous, debatable (in terms of success), and even frightening (from the perspective of child readers). The pictures and the atmosphere of the story can be pointed out as major factors for pedagogically valuable content. Conclusions. Although a major part of the examined books leveraged to reduce latrophobia, there are also some books which showed no or even worse effect. Due to the depicted representations of anxiety in the books, a counterproductive effect cannot be ruled out. Children's books, which should have a pedagogically positive effect of latrophobia minimization, must be compulsorily examined in advance by parents.
Action Approach in Promoting the Development of the Learner’s Personality
Authors: Steinberga Airisa , Špona Ausma 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The article reveals the act of upbringing as a pedagogical tool in pupils’ development. Purposeful guidance of development in the pedagogical process is directed towards the formation of a humane personality. The formation of free consciousness, independence and responsibility of the growing personality in the action represents its core. The article presents the procedure structural model of the action. Its essence is the interaction of the objective - the subject, means and product of the action - and the subjective - needs, the aim, knowledge, skills, self-experience and action components. The cooperation model that is important means of enriching the mutual experience among both the peers and the adults is developed on the basis of this model. The action theory analyzed in the article can facilitate a more purposeful organization of the pedagogical process in school and higher education institution. The procedure structural approach of the action can be applied by the academic staff, students, teachers and pupils in different types of the action. The phenomena analyzed in the article and the presented models are based on the pedagogical (H. Gudjons, M. Klarin, A. Špona) and psychological (A, Leontyev, Ļ. Vygotsky, E. Erikson) theories applying the categories of pedagogy and psychology.
Assessment of LXRα agonist activity and selective antiproliferative efficacy: a study on different parts of Digitalis species
Authors: Kutluay Vahap Murat , Inoue Makoto , Saracoglu Iclal 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Objective
Aerial parts and roots of three Digitalis species (Digitalis davisiana Heywood, Digitalis viridiflora Lindley and Digitalis grandiflora Miller; Plantaginaceae) were investigated from the viewpoint of cytotoxicity to identify the biologically active parts. Playing a role in cell proliferation and tumor growth, LXRα agonist activity also has become of interest to researchers investigating its relationship with the cytotoxicity.

Materials and methods
Cytotoxicity of aqueous extracts was determined through HEp-2, HepG2 and 3Y1 cells using MTT method. LXRα agonist activity was determined through luciferase reporter gene assay on HEK293 cells.

Results
Tested extracts showed strong cytotoxicity on HEp-2 cells with IC50 values between 19.7 and 79.6 μg/mL. Cytotoxicity on HepG2 cells was found to be lower (IC50; 211.4–2152.9 μg/mL). On 3Y1 cells, extracts showed concentration dependent cytostatic activity (IC50; 87.9–772.3 μg/mL). Extracts showed cytotoxicity on HEK293 cells at a concentration of 100 μg/mL; therefore, dilutions were made. However, due to dilutions, LXRα agonist activity was found to be low.

Conclusion
The extracts exhibited selective cytotoxicity on cancer and non-cancerous cells. Moreover, the selectivity was seen between different cancer cells. Any relationship could not be found between cytotoxicity and LXRα agonist activity, due to the low agonist effects. Further investigations are needed to clarify the mechanism of activity.
Evaluation of thyroid dysfunction in patients with nephrotic syndrome
Authors: Jain Deepak , Aggarwal Hari Krishan , Kumar Y M Pavan , Jain Promil 
Published: April 2019

Background. Thyroid and kidney are interdependent on each other in many ways for optimal functioning of either organs. Proteinuria causes urinary loss of thyroid hormones and thyroid binding globulins in substantial amount resulting in subclinical/overt hypothyroidism. Autoimmunity, which can attack both the organs simultaneously, may also contribute considerably to the abnormal functioning of both organs.
Aims and objectives. To study the effect of proteinuria on the thyroid function and its association with autoimmunity.
Methods. The study was carried out on a total number of 60 patients with nephrotic range proteinuria attending the kidney and dialysis clinic PGIMS, Rohtak, India. Thyroid profile and baseline investigations along with Anti-TPO antibodies and renal biopsy were carried out on each patient. Patients were allocated to 2 groups based on Anti TPO antibody results: group A comprising 25 Anti-TPO Ab positive patients and group B comprising 35 Anti-TPO Ab negative patients.
Results. Group A patients with Anti TPO antibody positivity had more elevated TSH levels (p<0.0001), proteinuria (p=0.0011) and serum creatinine (p=0.0137) as compared to group B patients. Group A patients had more diminished eGFR (p=0.0127) and serum albumin (p=0.0056) than patients in group B. TSH levels were positively correlated with proteinuria r=0.55 (p<0.0001, 95% CI 0.35 to 0.70) and serum creatinine levels r=0.56 (p<0.0001, 95% CI 0.36 to 0.71). TSH levels were negatively correlated with serum albumin levels r=-0.52 (p<0.0001, CI -0.68 to -0.31) and glomerular filtration rate r=-0.54 (p<0.0001, CI -0.69 to -0.33). On histopathology, membranous nephropathy - 29 out of 60 patients, 48% - was the most common finding in both the groups.
Conclusions. Nephrotic range proteinuria leading to thyroid dysfunction is a common entity but the association with autoimmunity causes an exaggerated effect on both these organs. Our study established a significant correlation between thyroid autoimmunity and nephrotic syndrome. Thus, a high index of suspicion should be kept in all patients with nephrotic syndrome to look for any associated antibodies against thyroid antigens. Autoimmunity causes more proteinuria and more elevations of thyrotropin leading to clinical hypothyroidism; however, the occurrence of overt hypothyroidism necessitating treatment needs further study.
Nomina Appellativa as Proper Names of Literary Characters – Spelling Issues
Authors: Ruszkowski Marek 
Published: April 2019

[full article in Polish, abstract in English and Polish]
The article deals with the problem of spelling common names functioning as proper names of literary characters. In general, single word names pose no problems as they are written in capital letters, e.g. Sędzia, Wojski, Asesor, Podkomorzy, Woźny, Hrabia (characters from “Pan Tadeusz”); Cześnik, Rejent (characters from “Zemsta”); Pustelnik (figures from “Dziady”). Definitely less clear is the usage and rule in terms of spelling that applies to names composed of two and more words, such as KRÓLOWA ŚNIEGU, MAŁY KSIĄŻĘ, ŚPIĄCA KRÓLEWNA, KRÓLEWNA ŚNIEŻKA, KOT W BUTACH, STAROSTA GADULSKI, PAN KLEKS. There are three versions of spelling as far as usage is concerned: 1) both words in capital letters, 2) the first word in capital letters, the second word in lower case, 3) both words in lower case. Much depends on the form in which the expression appears in the literary text and in its possible translation into Polish. Proper names in literary works are the result of the author’s choice, and this does not contribute to the unification of their spelling form (the same name of a character may be written differently in different works). If the author’s intentions are not known, we should recommend that all words (except for conjunctions and prepositions) be spelt in capital letters, especially as the other components of these expressions may appear in their own context: Książę, Śnieżka, Królewna.
Aktyvios veiklos veiksmažodžių semantika Kristijono Donelaičio „Metuose“
Authors: Lisauskaitė Agnė , Zubaitienė Vilma 
Published: April 2019

[full article and abstract in Lithuanian; abstract in English]
This paper investigates the semantics of the verbs of activity in the first Lithuanian poem “The Seasons” by Kristijonas Donelaitis. It aims to examine the meanings of the verbs of activity. The research covers 51 verbs, selected from the poem, which are subjected to qualitative content analysis and frame semantics methodology. The verbs which best represent the frames and sub-frames were selected applying the method of the qualitative content analysis. The frames of Work, Damaging, Speak on topic, Motion, Ingestion and Entertainment, evoked by the selected verbs, are examined using the frame semantics methodology. Core and peripheral elements of frames and sub-frames are distinguished. Also, the means of expression, used to convey them, are analyzed. The research has shown that the verbs of activity can form the core of the mentioned frames. However, not all situations found in FrameNet have corresponded with the frames and sub-frames that were analysed in this work.
Liaudies leksikografija. Pagrindiniai naiviosios eksplikacijos ypatumai
Authors: Vizgirdė Lina 
Published: April 2019

[full article and abstract in Lithuanian; abstract in English]
“Folk lexicography” is a phenomenon of modern linguistic culture, the result of the metalingual activity and one of the most significant manifestations of naive linguistics. Online slang dictionaries for amateur creation are becoming an indispensable research area and a generous source of information for traditional lexicographers. Their “online” form makes data collection extremely user-friendly, and in terms of audience coverage, they cannot compete with any other phenomenon. Open dictionaries provide the opportunity to discover the latest slang units, to monitor their use in the most modern contexts, to analyze the lively process of linguistic creation. From the general point of view, amateur dictionaries are more likely to be attributed to encyclopedic ones than to linguistic dictionaries, as the units of description of their articles more often are concepts, of lexical rather than grammatical meanings. If a paper dictionary can be understood as a scientific resource, then an open electronic dictionary – a multivariate creation of a modern virtual community can be perceived as a continuous creative process.
Alfonso Nykos-Niliūno eilėraščiai intermedialumo aspektu: poezijos ir dailės dialogo atvejis
Authors: Andrulytė Monika 
Published: April 2019

[full article and abstract in Lithuanian; abstract in English]
The article analyses a dialogue of poetry with art in five Alfonsas Nyka-Niliūnas’ poems. It has been selected to apply an intermedial analysis, which provides analytical tools assisting in studying the parameters of a dialogue with art. The most important thing is the conception of ekphrasis predicting the gesture of media change – expressing visual work in words. It has been based on the typology of Laura M. Sager Eidt’s ekphrases, which allows seeing that the studied poems of Nyka-Niliūnas are dominated by a dramatic ekphrasis, the essential feature of which is an intensive autoreflection. The article studies in deep the particularity of an intermedial dialogue: it is considered on which basis the poetry of Nyka-Niliūnas is associated with artworks, how this dialogue is given prominence and what meaning growth is seen. It is analysed how art intertexts in the poems establish new meanings, and the aspect of linguistic visualisation is discussed. It has been seen that the strategy of intermedial reading is mostly formed in the titles of poems, which are introduced to the dialogue with the situation of visual media. The art quotations in the analysed texts perform different functions – activate the subjects of representation problems and representation variability, help in creating tension between visualisation and acoustics and strengthen the ideas of philosophy of existence.
Revisiting Cultural Aspects of Translation: The Case of “Running in the Family” and “Funny Boy” in French
Authors: Gunasekera Niroshini , Şerban Adriana 
Published: April 2019

[full article and abstract in English]
In this study, we propose to examine some of the challenges and opportunities afforded to the translators by the culturally rich “Running in the Family” (1982) by Michael Ondaatje and “Funny Boy” (1994) by Shyam Selvadurai, through a comparison of the initial texts – which are laden with Sri Lankan cultural content – and their French translations: “Un air de famille” (1991) by Marie-Odile Fortier-Masek and, respectively, “Drôle de garcon” (2000) by Frédéric Limare and Susan Fox-Limare (2000). After a brief discussion of audience design and communication in translation, we focus on the interplay of implicitation and explicitation, drawing on examples from the texts, in particular from the culinary domain. We consider the translators’ options in light of the imperative to design for a new readership and suggest that relevance – which is a matter of degree – is pursued through a mix of choices of unequal suitability.
Az egynapos sebészeti ellátás igénybevételi mutatóinak elemzése Magyarországon
Authors: Pónusz Róbert , Endrei Dóra , Kovács Dalma , Németh Noémi , Schiszler Bence , Molics Bálint , Raposa László Bence , Gulácsi László , Gamal Eldin Mohamed , Boncz Imre 
Published: April 2019

Abstract: Introduction: The impact of one-day surgery has been increasing since the past few decades. This type of health service could fulfil many requirements of health policy, health care services, governments as well as patients. Aim: The aim of the research was to assess the publicly financed case numbers and interventions of one-day surgery in Hungary between 2010 and 2015 from different aspects. Method: A retrospective and quantitative research was made, based on data of the National Health Insurance Fund of Hungary. The database contained all publicly financed one-day surgery cases (both theoretical and performed cases), intervention codes (WHO) as well as the related medical field. Then the database also contained all relevant information related to the patients (age, sex, residency according to the county) and the type of the provider health care institutions. Results: Our results showed an increasing tendency according to the case numbers of one-day surgery from 130 995 (2010) to 251 328 (2015). The mean age of patients also increased in the analyzed period; in 2010: 47.4 years, in 2015: 54.5 years. In 2010, 42% of the theoretically defined one-day surgery cases were practically performed as one-day surgery cases which increased significantly to 65% in 2015. Gynecology, ophthalmology, general surgery and urology have had a significant impact in one-day surgery in Hungary. Conclusion: The analyzed data showed a significant increase of accounted cases, and we could identify the remarkable impact of gynecology and ophthalmology in one-day surgery in Hungary. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(17): 670–678.
Az orális levodopakezelés jellegzetességei előrehaladott Parkinson-kórban a marosvásárhelyi neurológiai klinikák tapasztalatában
Authors: Szász József Attila , Szatmári Szabolcs , Constantin Viorelia , Mihály István , Rácz Attila , Domokos Lajos Csaba , Vajda Tamás , Orbán-Kis Károly 
Published: April 2019

Abstract: Introduction: The motor and non-motor complications of Parkinson’s disease impair the patients’ quality of life and limit therapeutical options. There are no clear criteria for ‘advanced’ Parkinson’s disease or for the optimal moment for invasive therapies. There is little evidence regarding the upper limits of levodopa doses, and how these may be influenced by the availability of device-aided therapies. Aim: To analyze substitution therapy in patients with advanced Parkinson’s disease. Method: In our retrospective study, we analyzed the data from all patients with advanced Parkinson’s disease hospitalized between 1st June 2011 and 31st May 2017, receiving combined levodopa treatment at least 4×/day, reporting a minimum of 2 hours off periods, with or without dyskinesia. We analyzed levodopa therapy for patients who were recommended either device-aided or conservative therapy. Results: Out of 311 patients with advanced Parkinson’s disease, for 125 we proposed device-aided therapies whereas in 42 patients we increased the levodopa dose. The average levodopa doses and the administration rate were higher for the 107 patients tested for levodopa-carbidopa intestinal gel. Disease duration, mean levodopa doses and frequency of dosing were all higher in patients proposed for device-aided therapies versus patients with continued conservative treatment. Conclusion: Our patients were on lower levodopa doses (compared to literature), but the combinations were used more often. Device-aided therapies should be considered in patients with severe motor complications who receive at least 750–1000 mg levodopa daily, divided minimum 5×/day. These patients need to be tested in specialized centers by multidisciplinary teams in order to make the best decision for further action. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(17): 662–669.
Biosimilar etanercept: a real world safety and patient related outcomes from a single centre
Authors: Rath Prasan Deep , Pandey Swetal Chandraprakash 
Published: April 2019

Background: Biosimilars are expected to provide affordable and quality treatment equivalent to the biologics in various rheumatic disorders. Presently, the data available on the safety and effectiveness of biosimilars is very scarce. The objective of the present study was to assess the safety profile of intended biosimilar of etanercept developed by Intas pharmaceuticals Ltd. (Intacept) in Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), spondyloarthropathy (SpA), ankylosing Spondylitis (AS), juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA).Methods: In single center, retrospective observational study, all patients were enrolled in routine clinical practice who received Intended biosimilar of Etanercept (Intacept) and the following data was collected. Basic demographic profile, disease and duration of therapy, any adverse event, patient’s global assessment of disease activity on visual analogue scale (0 to 100), patient’s overall experience with Intended biosimilar etanercept (Intacept).Results: Total 70 patients were enrolled (41males and 29 females) having RA (42), AS (11), SpA (13), JIA (2) AND PsA (2). The mean duration of follow up was 8±1.7 months. 10% patients reported adverse events like injection site pain (4.29%), fever (2.86%), redness (1.42%) and weight gain (1.42%). 45% patients had LTBI screen positive and were initiated on chemoprophylaxis with Rifampicin and INH 4weeks prior to Intacept. About 24% of patients dropped due to various reasons like affordability issue (5.7%), inadequate response (8.6%), no response (10%) and side effects (5.7%). 51.4% patients observed more than 50% improvement in global disease activity with Intacept while 10% patients did not get any response with the treatment. 77.2% patients perceived the overall therapy with Intacept as excellent, very good, good or OK while 22.8% patients rated Intacept therapy as non-satisfactory.Conclusions: The study leads to the conclusion that Intended biosimilar of etanercept (Intacept) was safe and well tolerated in various rheumatic disorders in a real-world scenario.
Critical analysis of drug promotional literature available to the medical practitioners
Authors: Pai Kakode Kalyani V. , Bhandare Padma N. 
Published: April 2019

Background: To ascertain whether the pharmaceutical companies are following the WHO criteria for “Ethical medicinal drug promotion 1988” and “OPPI Code of pharmaceutical marketing practices, 2012” and to what extent. Also, to evaluate the therapeutic claims made by them in their drug promotional literature and other aspects.Methods: Drug Promotional Literature (DPL) from different pharmaceutical companies was collected from various Medical practitioners and analysed to see if they achieved objectives. Therapeutic claims made by them were classified as authentic, exaggerated, controversial, false, and misinterpreted.Results: Total 250 DPLs were collected and critically analysed for information content. Out of the 11 WHO criteria for ethical medicinal drug promotion (1988), Majority (30%) followed only 54.54% of the criteria while only 4% followed 100% of the criteria. The total number of claims in the 250 DPL were 354 of which 52.8% were authentic and 47.2% were misleading. From the misleading claims: 28.7% were exaggerated, 34.7% were controversial, 22.8% were false, 23% were ambiguous.Conclusions: This study enabled us to find out to what extent the pharmaceutical industries follow the standard criteria for DPL and evaluate the claims made by them. DPL is one of the important sources of drug information. Some of the pharmaceutical companies failed to follow the WHO criteria while advertising their products in order to make them look more lucrative having an underlying commercial motive. As they influence prescribing patterns of the clinicians, misleading promotional literature would result in irrational prescribing of drugs. To avoid this, DPL has to be critically evaluated.