bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Measurement of the perceptions of human resource practices in a seemingly collectivistic culture
Authors: Grobler Anton , Grobler Sonja , Mathafena Rose 
Published: April 2019

Orientation: Human resources (HR) practices and specifically the perceptions thereof are not only important for organisational strategy and performance but have a direct impact on employee attitudes and behaviour. The accurate measurement of these perceptions is therefore important.Research purpose: The goal of this study was to validate the Human Resource Practices Perceptions Questionnaire for the South African context (which is unique in terms of its apparent collectivistic nature), from an etic perspective.Motivation for the study: The accurate measurement of employees’ perception of HR practices are essential to give the organisation a competitive advantage. This study was done to validate a HR practices perceptions questionnaire in a seemingly collectivistic context.Research approach/design and method: This study is based on a cross-sectional survey design, collecting primary data on the perceptions of HR practices from 1676 South African employees in public and private sector organisations. An exploratory (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were conducted.Main findings: The EFA and CFA yielded a slightly different permutation compared to the initial factor structure. A nine-factor structure was extracted and confirmed. A slight adjustment of the original questionnaire was required to incorporate performance evaluation with a teamwork focus and to differentiate training from development. It was further found that invariance exists when comparing the private and the public sectors.Practical/managerial implications: It was found that the instrument had to be adjusted for the South African context to ensure an accurate measurement of employees’ perceptions of HR practices.Contribution/value-add: The instrument has been validated and can thus be used with confidence to assess the perceptions of HR practices regardless of the sector. It thus provides an accurate measurement that can be used to predict or explain other employee behavioural outcomes in relation to their perceptions of the HR practices.
On Differential Torsion Theories and Rings with Several Objects
Authors: Banerjee Abhishek 
Published: April 2019

AbstractLet${\mathcal{R}}$be a small preadditive category, viewed as a “ring with several objects.” A right${\mathcal{R}}$-module is an additive functor from${\mathcal{R}}^{\text{op}}$to the category$Ab$of abelian groups. We show that every hereditary torsion theory on the category$({\mathcal{R}}^{\text{op}},Ab)$of right${\mathcal{R}}$-modules must be differential.
Del dibujo a mano alzada a los SIG: representación y caracterización gráfica del campus de la Universidad de Navarra
Authors: Selva-Royo Juan Ramón 
Published: April 2019

<p>El nacimiento de la Universidad de Navarra está íntimamente relacionado con la imagen gráfica de su proyecto espacial. Asumiendo que el dibujo de arquitectura posee una fuerte instrumentalidad emotiva, se analiza a continuación la influencia que tuvieron las diferentes formas de expresión gráfica de este recinto universitario en sus primeros años, bajo la hipótesis de que todas ellas jugaron un decisivo papel en la proyección de su imaginario. No se trata, pues, de abordar la representación de sus edificios actuales, sino más bien de estudiar la construcción de una idea de universidad mediante el dibujo, en paralelo al lento proceso de consolidación institucional. Una vez definido el ámbito físico del campus, el presente trabajo se centra en las estrategias de caracterización gráfica contemporánea. Los SIG, las nubes de puntos y las técnicas de fotogrametría permiten así visualizar esta narrativa histórica y cuantificar la aportación del recinto a su entorno urbano.</p><p> </p>
Consideraciones en torno a la representación de lo invisible: el método de Monge en cuatro dimensiones
Authors: Martín Pastor Andrés , Gentil Baldrich Jose Mª 
Published: April 2019

<p>La representación gráfica del espacio tetradimensional, entre el siglo xix y xx, merece un lugar destacado en la historia del pensamiento gráfico. Al igual que ocurrió en el desarrollo de la perspectiva renacentista, el estudio de los poliedros –y politopos– por unos pocos “matemáticos de la representación” fue unido a la codificación de novedosas formas de representar. La voluntad de definir nuevas formas de ver y representar la cuarta dimensión trascendió a todas las esferas de las manifestaciones estéticas. Aportaremos relevantes testimonios sobre la evolución de estos primeros sistemas gráficos tetradimensionales. Una última contribución se recoge en la Tesis de Alfredo Llorens Herrero 1, que supone la ampliación del Sistema Diédrico en una dimensión extra. </p>
A method for measuring detailed demand for workers’ competences
Authors: Pater Robert , Szkola Jaroslaw , Kozak Marcin 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
There is an increasing need for analysing the demand for skills in the labour market. While most studies aggregate skills in groups or use available proxies for them, the authors analyse the demand by employers for individual competences. Such an analysis better reflects reality because companies usually require job candidates to have particular competences, rather than generally defined groups of skills. However, no method exists to analyse on a large scale which competences are required by employers. At a detailed level, there are hundreds of competences; thus, this demand cannot be measured in a sample survey. The authors propose a method for conducting a continuous and efficient analysis of the demand for competences of prospective employees. The method involves collecting online job offers and analysing them with data mining and text analysis tools. The authors use this method to analyse transversal competences in the Polish labour market. Their findings indicate that companies typically required only certain competences—especially ‘language and communication competences’—while neglecting others. The number of job candidate requirements was counter-cyclical. However, the structure of the competences demanded did not change during the analysed period.
Anthropogenic and catchment characteristic signatures in the water quality of Swiss rivers: a quantitative assessment
Authors: Botter Martina , Burlando Paolo , Fatichi Simone 
Published: April 2019

Abstract. The hydrological and biogeochemical response of rivers carries information
about solute sources, pathways, and transformations in the catchment. We
investigate long-term water quality data of 11 Swiss catchments with the
objective to discern the influence of major catchment characteristics and
anthropic activities on delivery of solutes in stream water. Magnitude,
trends, and seasonality of water quality samplings of different solutes are
evaluated and compared across catchments. Subsequently, the empirical
dependence between concentration and discharge is used to classify the
solute behaviors. While the anthropogenic impacts are clearly detectable in the concentration
of certain solutes (i.e., Na+, Cl−, NO3, DRP), the influence
of single catchment characteristics such as geology (e.g., on Ca2+ and
H4SiO4), topography (e.g., on DOC, TOC, and TP), and size (e.g., on
DOC and TOC) is only sometimes visible, which is also because of the limited sample
size and the spatial heterogeneity within catchments. Solute variability in
time is generally smaller than discharge variability and the most
significant trends in time are due to temporal variations of anthropogenic
rather than natural forcing. The majority of solutes show dilution with
increasing discharge, especially geogenic species, while sediment-bonded
solutes (e.g., total phosphorous and organic carbon species) show higher
concentrations with increasing discharge. Both natural and anthropogenic
factors affect the biogeochemical response of streams, and, while the
majority of solutes show identifiable behaviors in individual catchments,
only a minority of behaviors can be generalized across the 11 catchments
that exhibit different natural, climatic, and anthropogenic features.
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) alter the food utilization, growth & development and reproduction of armyworm, Mythimna separata fed on Bt maize
Authors: Wang Long , Pokharel Sabin Saurav , Chen Fajun 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Background: The cultivation of Bt maize (maize genetically modified with Bacillus thuringiensis) continues to expand globally. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), a kind of beneficially microbial community, closely related to soil fertility and plant nutrition, may influence the resistance risk of Bt crops against target lepidopteran pests.
Methods: In this study, transgenic Bt maize (Line IE09S034 with Cry1Ie vs. its parental line of non-Bt maize cv. Xianyu335) was inoculated with a species of AMF, Glomus caledonium (GC) and its outcomes on the food utilization, reproduction and development of armyworm, Mythimna separata were conducted in a potted experiment from 2017 to 2018.
Results: AMF inoculation showed favorable influence on the GC colonization of both modified and non-modified maize, and marked increase in the grain weight per plant and 1000-grain weight of modified and non-modified maize. Meanwhile, the cultivation of Bt maize didn’t significantly affected the AMF colonization. The feeding of M. separata with Bt maize resulted in a notable decrease in the parameters RCR, RGR, AD, ECI and ECD as compared with those observed in larvae fed with non-Bt maize in 2017 and 2018 regardless of GC inoculation. Furthermore, remarkable shortening of the adult longevity, remarkable prolongation of larval life span and remarkable decrease in the rate of pupation, weight of pupa, rate of eclosion and fecundity of M. separata was observed in Bt treatment regardless of GC inoculation during the two year experiment. Also, when M. separata was given Bt, a significant prolongation of larval life and shortening of the adult longevity, and a significant decrease of the pupal weight and fecundity of M. separate, was observed when inoculated with GC. However, it was just the opposite for larvae fed with non-Bt maize and inoculated with GC. The increased percentage of larval life-span, and the decrease percentages of the food utilization and the other indexes of reproduction, growth, and development of M. separata fed on Bt maize relative to non-Bt maize were all obviously lower under GC inoculation in contrast to the CK.
Discussion: It is presumed that Bt maize has marked adverse impact on the M. separata development, reproduction and feeding, especially in combination with the GC inoculation. And the GC inoculation favors the resistance efficiency of Bt maize against M. separata larvae through reducing their food utilization ability, and then negatively affecting the development and reproduction of the armyworm. So Bt maize inoculated with AMF (here, GC) can lessen the severe threats arising from armyworms, and hence the AMF inoculation may play important ecological functions in the field of Bt maize ecosystem with potentially high control efficiency for the target lepidopteran pests.
Extrinsic and intrinsic dynamics in movement intermittency
Authors: Susilaradeya Damar , Xu Wei , Hall Thomas M , Galán Ferran , Alter Kai , Jackson Andrew 
Published: April 2019

What determines how we move in the world? Motor neuroscience often focusses either on intrinsic rhythmical properties of motor circuits or extrinsic sensorimotor feedback loops. Here we show that the interplay of both intrinsic and extrinsic dynamics is required to explain the intermittency observed in continuous tracking movements. Using spatiotemporal perturbations in humans, we demonstrate that apparently discrete submovements made 2–3 times per second reflect constructive interference between motor errors and continuous feedback corrections that are filtered by intrinsic circuitry in the motor system. Local field potentials in monkey motor cortex revealed characteristic signatures of a Kalman filter, giving rise to both low-frequency cortical cycles during movement, and delta oscillations during sleep. We interpret these results within the framework of optimal feedback control, and suggest that the intrinsic rhythmicity of motor cortical networks reflects an internal model of external dynamics, which is used for state estimation during feedback-guided movement.Editorial note: This article has been through an editorial process in which the authors decide how to respond to the issues raised during peer review. The Reviewing Editor's assessment is that all the issues have been addressed (<xref ref-type="decision-letter" rid="SA1">see decision letter</xref>).
Variasjon og endring i sogndalsdialekten
Authors: Haugen Ragnhild 
Published: April 2019

I denne hovudoppgåva har eg undersøkt 9 fonologiske og 9 morfologiske språktrekk i sogndalsdialekten. Talemålstilfanget har eg fått gjennom samtalar med 30 tilfeldig utvalde sogndøler, 15 frå Sogndalsfjøra og 15 frå Sogndalsdalen. Alle samtalane vart tekne opp på kassett og deretter ekserperte av meg.
Sidan Sogndal på eit par generasjonar har gått frå å vera ei jordbruks- og fruktbygd til å verta eit kommunikasjons-, handels- og skulesentrum for heile Sogn, ville eg sjå om dette også viste att i språket. Eg ville ved hjelp av ein kvantitativ analyse finna ut om det var mogleg å påvisa variasjon mellom ulike sosiale inndelingar som kjønn, region, utdanning, yrkesgruppe, foreldrebakgrunn eller det å ha budd borte frå Sogn i to år eller meir. Eg ville også prøva å finna ut om det kan ha skjedd store endringar i sogndalsdialekten ut frå frekvensen av tradisjonelle og nyare belegg og ut frå alder.
Det viste seg at det berre var den sosiale inndelinga etter kjønn som gav store nok skilnader til å forkasta ein null-hypotese. På eit djupare nivå kom det fram at denne kjønnsskilnaden var størst for regionen Dalen.
For alle personane og belegga sett under eitt fekk eg ein gjennomsnittleg tradisjonsprosent på 78,4%, noko som tyder på at dei tradisjonelle talemålsformene i Sogndal held seg godt.
For tre variablar, variabel 3 /ø/ -/øy/ framfor palatal, som i <tykkja>, 14 /nd, ld/ - /n, l/, som i <skulle> og <kunne> og 18 /ei:/ - /i/, som i <inne> var det likevel dei nyare variantane som dominerte.
Ei inndeling i to aldersgrupper synte så mange signifikante utslag på aldersskilnad at null-hypotesen måtte forkastast. Dette gav størst utslag for regionen Dalen. Skilnaden mellom aldersgruppene var størst hjå dei kvinnelege informantane.
Resultata har eg dels forklart ved hjelp av sosiale og psykologiske faktorar og dels ved hjelp av språklege faktorar.
Efficacy of Upsee Therapy Program with an Enriched Stimulating Active Environment on Improvement Gross, Fine Motor Abilities and Weight Bearing Distribution in Spastic Diplegic Cerebral Palsy Children
Authors: M. Azam Ahmed 
Published: April 2019

Objectives: This work was carried out to investigate the efficacy of upsee therapy program with an enriched stimulating active environment on improvement gross, fine motor abilities and weight bearing distribution in spastic diplegic cerebral palsy children.
Method: Thirty children were enrolled in this study and randomly assigned into two groups; group A received (upsee therapy program plus specific physiotherapy training) and group B (specific physiotherapy training program only). Gross motor functional measure (GMFCS), pegboard test and weight bearing distribution stages evaluation were used to detect and follow gross, fine motor abilities and weight bearing distribution. This measurement was taken before initial treatment and after 12 weeks of treatment. The children parents in both groups A and B were instructed to complete 3 hours of the home routine program every day. Dependent t-test was used to compare pre to post treatment changes.
Results: Data analysis was available on the 30 spastic diplegic cerebral palsied children participated in the study. The difference between pre and post-treatment results was more significant in (GMFCS) upsee group than the control group. Weight-bearing distribution stages evaluation and pegboard test demonstrate representative improvement in the study groups (p=0.0001) while insignificant in the control groups.
Conclusion: The addition of upsee therapy program to specific physiotherapy training is recommended in improving gross, fine motor abilities and weight bearing. So this suggested approach may be used as a selective choice for improving walking, hand functions and weight bearing abilities in spastic diplegic cerebral palsy children.
Identification of lncRNAs associated with early‐stage breast cancer and their prognostic implications
Authors: Deva Magendhra Rao Arunagiri Kuha , Patel Krishna , Korivi Jyothiraj Suneetha , Meenakumari Balaiah , Sundersingh Shirley , Sridevi Velusami , Rajkumar Thangarajan , Pandey Akhilesh , Chatterjee Aditi , Gowda Harsha , Mani Samson 
Published: April 2019

Breast cancer is the most common malignancy among women, with the highest incidence rate worldwide. Dysregulation of long noncoding RNAs during the preliminary stages of breast carcinogenesis is poorly understood. In this study, we performed RNA sequencing to identify long noncoding RNA expression profiles associated with early‐stage breast cancer. RNA sequencing was performed on six invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) tissues along with paired normal tissue samples, seven ductal carcinoma in situ tissues, and five apparently normal breast tissues. We identified 375 differentially expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs) in IDC tissues compared to paired normal tissues. Antisense transcripts (~ 58%) were the largest subtype among DElncRNAs. About 20% of the 375 DElncRNAs were supported by typical split readings leveraging their detection confidence. Validation was performed in n = 52 IDC and paired normal tissue by qRT‐PCR for the identified targets (ADAMTS9‐AS2, EPB41L4A‐AS1, WDFY3‐AS2, RP11‐295M3.4, RP11‐161M6.2, RP11‐490M8.1, CTB‐92J24.3, and FAM83H‐AS1). We evaluated the prognostic significance of DElncRNAs based on TCGA datasets and report that overexpression of FAM83H‐AS1 was associated with patient poor survival. We confirmed that the downregulation of ADAMTS9‐AS2 in breast cancer was due to promoter hypermethylation through in vitro silencing experiments and pyrosequencing.
Calibrating TrueBeam jaws by considering collimator walkout to improve the dose uniformity at abutting field junctions
Authors: Corns Robert A. , Zhao Yingli 
Published: April 2019

AbstractJaw positions on a linear accelerator are calibrated to have accurate field size values over the range of jaw positions and to have excellent junctions when matching fields. It is sufficient to have field size accuracy on the order of a millimeter for most clinical applications but good junctions require submillimeter precision and accuracy in the jaw positioning. Presented is a method to measure collimator walkout with the MV imager and a mathematical model to determine an optimal origin for calibrating jaws on the TrueBeam accelerator. The calibration procedure uses the jaw position encoders which are sufficiently accurate and precise enough to achieve a homogeneous junction dose for abutting fields.
Multicomponent Hierarchical Cu‐Doped NiCo‐LDH/CuO Double Arrays for Ultralong‐Life Hybrid Fiber Supercapacitor
Authors: Guo Yaqing , Hong Xufeng , Wang Yao , Li Qi , Meng Jiashen , Dai Runtao , Liu Xiong , He Liang , Mai Liqiang 
Published: April 2019

AbstractFiber supercapacitors have aroused great interest in the field of portable and wearable electronic devices. However, the restrained surface area of fibers and limited reaction kinetics of active materials are unfavorable for performance enhancement. Herein, an efficient multicomponent hierarchical structure is constructed by integrating the Cu‐doped cobalt copper carbonate hydroxide@nickel cobalt layered double hydroxide (CCCH@NiCo‐LDH) core–shell nanowire arrays (NWAs) on Cu fibers with highly conductive Au‐modified CuO nanosheets (CCCH@NiCo‐LDH NWAs@Au–CuO/Cu) via a novel in situ corrosion growth method. This multicomponent hierarchical structure contributes to a large accessible surface area, which results in sufficient permeation of the electrolyte. The Cu dopant could reduce the work function and facilitate fast charge transfer kinetics. Therefore, the effective ion diffusion and electron conduction will facilitate the electrochemical reaction kinetics of the electrode. Benefiting from this unique structure, the electrode delivers a high specific capacitance (1.97 F cm−2/1237 F g−1/193.3 mAh g−1) and cycling stability (90.8% after 30 000 cycles), exhibiting superb performance compared with most oxide‐based fiber electrodes. Furthermore, the hybrid fiber supercapacitor of CCCH@NiCo‐LDH NWAs@Au–CuO/Cu//VN/carbon fibers is fabricated, providing a remarkable maximal energy density of 34.97 Wh kg−1 and a power density of 13.86 kW kg−1, exhibiting a great potential in high‐performance fiber‐shape energy‐related systems.
X‐Ray Writing of Metallic Conductivity and Oxygen Vacancies at Silicon/SrTiO3 Interfaces
Authors: Chikina Alla , Caputo Marco , Naamneh Muntaser , Christensen Dennis Valbjørn , Schmitt Thorsten , Radovic Milan , Strocov Vladimir N. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractTunable electronic properties of transition metal oxides and their interfaces offer remarkable functionalities for future devices. The interest in these materials has been boosted with the discovery of a 2D electron gas (2DEG) at SrTiO3 (STO)‐based interfaces. For the majority of these systems, oxygen vacancies play a crucial role in the emergence of interface conductivity, ferromagnetism, and high electron mobility. Despite its great importance, controlling the density and spatial distribution of oxygen vacancies in a dynamic way remains extremely challenging. Here, lithography‐like writing of a metallic state at the interface between SrTiO3 and amorphous Si using X‐ray irradiation is reported. Using a combination of transport techniques and in operando photoemission spectroscopy, it is revealed in real time that the X‐ray radiation induces transfer of oxygen across the interface leading to the on‐demand formation of oxygen vacancies and a 2DEG in STO. The formed 2DEG stays stable in ambient conditions as the interface oxygen vacancies are stabilized by the capping of Si. The study provides a fundamental understanding of X‐ray‐induced redox reactions at the SrTiO3‐based interfaces and in addition shows the potential of X‐ray radiation for patterning stabile conductive pathways for future oxide‐based electronic devices.
Simultaneous Detection and Repair of Wetting Defects in Superhydrophobic Coatings via Cassie–Wenzel Transitions of Liquid Marbles
Authors: Tenjimbayashi Mizuki , Samitsu Sadaki , Naito Masanobu 
Published: April 2019

AbstractSuperhydrophobic materials that prevent unwanted liquid adhesion can easily lose this property because of limited mechanical durability despite topological/chemical control and/or robust material selection. Here, long‐lasting superhydrophobic coatings with a system to effectively detect and repair damaged areas with “liquid marble,” a droplet covered with hydrophobic nanoparticles, are reported. The particles prevent direct contact between the droplet and the substrate (Cassie state). However, they can adhere to the non‐superhydrophobic damaged area in response to the substrate wettability via an external force or an increase in liquid volume via penetration of the outer nanoparticle layer (Wenzel state). This Cassie–Wenzel transition thus induces self‐assembly of the nanoparticles onto the non‐superhydrophobic area in response to the wettability, restoring superhydrophobicity.