bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular Engineering L‐Aspartate‐Alpha‐Decarboxylase to Enhance Catalytic Stability and Performance
Authors: Liu Zihan , Liu Yiheng , Jiang Qixuan , Xu Haijun , Liu Luo 
Published: October 2024

AbstractL‐aspartate‐alpha‐decarboxylase (ADC) catalyzes the decarboxylation of L‐aspartate to produce β‐alanine, which is the decisive step in the biosynthesis of β‐alanine. However, the low catalytic stability and efficiency of ADC limit its industrial applications. In this study, a variant of ADC from Bacillus subtilis were used as a starting point for engineering. After constructing a random mutagenesis library by error‐prone PCR, followed by high‐throughput screening,four substitutions (S7 N, K63 N, A99T, and K113R) were identified. By screening saturation mutagenesis libraries on these positions and computational analysis, two recombined variants N3(S7 N/K63 N/I88 M/A99E/K113R/I126*) and Y1(S7Y/K63 N/I88 M/A99E/K113R/I126*) with improved performance were obtained. Compared to the wild type, the catalytic efficiency and catalytic stability of the best two variants were enhanced up to 95 %(variant N3) and up to 89 %(variant Y1), respectively. In addition, Y1 exhibited 3.37 times improved half‐life and 2‐fold improved total turnover number. Hydrophilicity analysis and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation revealed that the increased hydrophilicity and steric hindrance of key amino acid residues would affect the catalytic activity and stability. The improved catalytic performance of the variants could be attributed to their enhanced binding capacity to the substrate within the active pocket and the alleviation of mechanism‐based inactivation.
An improved approach to compensating for cure‐induced deformation to manufacture composite aircraft skin accurately
Authors: Liu Chuang , Sun Lishuai , Wang Junbiao 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to compensate for the cure‐induced deformation to manufacture composite aircraft skin with variable curvature accurately. Firstly, a finite element analysis (FEA) method appropriate for curing simulation was described. Then, the discrete curvature‐based displacement adjustment (DC‐DA) method for mold surface compensation was proposed. The DC‐DA method utilizes the discrete curvature of the section points to obtain a smooth compensated curve. Finally, a skin part was selected to prove its effectiveness. The experimental results showed that after the mold's surface was modified by the DC‐DA method with the FEA‐predicting deformation as input, the forming shape could meet the requirement of the part accuracy in one cycle. The DC‐DA method was also compared with the displacement adjustment (DA) method and proved to be more efficient for the compensation of composite skin with variable curvature.Highlights
The FEA is appropriate for the calculation of the skin's curing deformation.
The DC‐DA method is efficient for compensating for the skin's deformation.
The shape of the case part could meet the requirement of accuracy in one cycle.
Preparation and properties analysis of CTBN/CeO2 co‐toughened epoxy resin composites
Authors: Liang Dayu , Li Xiang , Zhang Yixiang , Qi Jianlei , Lu Zhimin 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn this paper, carboxyl‐terminated nitrile rubber (CTBN) and Nano cerium oxide (n‐CeO2) were used to toughen epoxy resin (EP), and the effects of toughening agents on the mechanical and thermal properties of EP were studied. Orthogonal experiments determined that the ideal toughener proportions are 20 wt% CTBN and 1 wt% n‐CeO2, under which the resin demonstrated superior mechanical characteristics. The combined application of CTBN and n‐CeO2 significantly enhanced the resin's mechanical properties, surpassing the effects of individual particle toughening. Compared with pure EP, the impact, flexural, and tensile strengths of the resin‐cured product synergistically toughened by CTBN and n‐CeO2 increased by 462%, 136%, and 110%, respectively, and the flexural and Young's moduli increased by 38% and 35%, respectively. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to characterize the cured resin. The results indicate that incorporating CTBN and n‐CeO2 reduces the reaction activation energy, thereby accelerating the curing reaction and facilitating its progression. The addition of nanoparticles enhances the maximum weight loss temperature of the cured resin, thereby improving its thermal stability. CTBN and n‐CeO2 particles create a uniform phase separation structure within the resin, enhancing its toughness and strength. Furthermore, the impact fracture mode of the cured resin transitions from brittle to tough fracture, demonstrating a significant toughening effect. This provides an effective method for the toughening modification of EP.Highlights
The synergistic use of CTBN and n‐CeO2 enhances the toughness of EP.
The incorporation of nanoparticles improves the thermal stability of the cured resin.
The addition of CTBN and n‐CeO2 accelerates the curing reaction rate.
The inclusion of toughening agents transforms the fracture mode of the cured resin from brittle to tough fracture.
Student‐teacher developmental relationships: A mechanism through which culturally responsive school environments promote positive outcomes for students of color
Authors: Boat Ashley A. , Holquist Samantha E. , Redmond Nanyamka M. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCulturally responsive student–teacher relationships are critical to the academic success and social‐emotional learning (SEL) outcomes of students of color and/or students from low‐income backgrounds. Yet, little is known about how students’ perceptions of their schools’ culturally responsive environment are related to the quality of student–teacher relationships. To address this gap, the current study examined how students’ perceptions of their school's culturally responsive environment contributes to positive student–teacher developmental relationships, and in turn, their academic motivation and SEL. A total of 2,069 public middle and high school students of color from 46 schools across the country were surveyed (51.4% female; Mage = 13.4, SD = 1.86; 30.7% Hispanic or Latina/o/x, 30.4% Multiracial or Multiethnic, 17.5% Black or African American, 12.4% Asian or Pacific Islander, 8.7% American Indian or Alaska Native; 0.4% identified as another race or ethnicity). Students’ perceptions of their school as a culturally responsive environment were both directly and indirectly associated with greater academic motivation and SEL via stronger student–teacher developmental relationships. Findings have important implications for school administrators’ and school psychologists’ efforts to create more culturally responsive education environments.
Influence of pH on the Self‐Assembly Properties of Heterofunctional POEGMA‐Based Block Copolymers During RAFT‐PISA
Authors: Isselin Floriane , Fontaine Laurent , Piogé Sandie , Pascual Sagrario 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTPOEGMA‐based block copolymers self‐assemblies with surface‐functionalized carboxylic acid or propargyl groups were synthesized by successive reversible addition‐fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization of oligo(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (OEGMA) and RAFT‐mediated polymerization‐induced self‐assembly (RAFT‐PISA) in dispersion of 2‐(methacryloyloxy)‐N,N,N‐trimethylethanaminium hexafluorophosphate (METAPF6). The temperature responsive properties of the carboxylic acid–terminated POEGMA (POEGMACDP) and propargyl‐terminated POEGMA (POEGMACDPy) were studied in aqueous buffer solutions at pH 2.3 and 9.2. At pH 2.3, POEGMACDP aqueous solution exhibits a cloud point while no cloud point was observed at pH 9.2. POEGMACDPy shows a cloud point at both pH levels. The RAFT‐PISA in dispersion of METAPF6 at 75°C in either pH 2.3 or 9.2 buffer solution using POEGMACDP or POEGMACDPy as macro‐RAFT agents led to block copolymers, as confirmed by DOSY analysis. For POEGMACDP (DP
n
= 9), DP
n,NMR,PMETAPF6 was 47 at pH 2.3 and 27 at pH 9.2 and for POEGMACDPy (DP
n
= 10), DP
n,NMR,PMETAPF6 was 36 at pH 2.3 and 22 at pH 9.2, as shown by 1H NMR spectroscopy. Both in situ POEGMACDP‐b‐PMETAPF6 and POEGMACDPy‐b‐PMETAPF6 self‐assemblies in aqueous solutions exhibited an increase in D
h and PDI when the pH increased from 2.3 to 9.2, as measured by DLS at 20°C. TEM analyses revealed almost spherical self‐assemblies, unaffected by pH or chain‐end functionality.
Temperature‐Responsive Injectable Hydrogels Containing Gelatin and Cell Adhesion Peptides for Adipose‐Derived Stem Cell Delivery
Authors: Murase Nobuo , Hirano Yoshiaki , Ohya Yuichi 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTResearch on injectable polymers (IPs) has been actively conducted in recent decades for biomedical applications. Temperature‐responsive IPs are especially effective because they can be gelled by injecting them into a living organism without external contamination. Adipose‐derived stem cells (AdSCs) can be easily harvested in a minimally invasive manner and differentiated into various cell lineages. Versatile therapeutic applications have been developed through the secretion of various cytokines from AdSCs. In this study, we prepared IP hydrogels comprising a temperature‐responsive polymer with reactive succinimide groups (tri‐PCG‐OSu), a biomacromolecule (gelatin) as a crosslinker, and Pluronic with RGDS peptide (PL‐RGDS) as a cell adhesion factor to extend the duration of the gel state and improve cell engraftment in the IP hydrogels for AdSC delivery. The combined use of gelatin and cell adhesion peptides in the polymer matrix improved the fraction of living cells encapsulated in the IP hydrogels and increased the expression levels of angiogenic factors in AdSCs cultured within them. We also presume that a certain number of cells in the IP hydrogels could be differentiated into adipocytes using the differentiation‐inducing medium. These results suggest that our temperature‐responsive IP system could be used as a cell delivery material for regenerative medicine.
Evaluation of reliability and characteristics measure using exponential decay distribution of non‐series parallel network
Authors: Bisht Soni , Kumar Akshay , Singh Suraj Bhan , Ram Mangey 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to analyze the reliability and characteristics of the non‐series‐parallel network. The illustrative non‐series parallel networks, that is, the Twin T‐Network and the network with six components of resistor and capacitor, have been converted into a series of parallel network combinations by use of the minimal path technique. The stochastic variables related to component failure rate have been demonstrated using exponential decay distribution. We obtain the reliability, mean time to failure, and sensitivity with the use of the exponential decay distribution. The reliability and its attributes are examined by assuming different values of scale and shape parameters at different points of time. Using Owen's methodology, we obtained minimal signature, tail signature, expected time, expected cost, and Barlow‐Proschan index were determined. The performance of all reliability characteristics has been observed graphically for arbitrary values of parameters. A real‐world example is used to introduce the point.
Mechanisms promoting biodiversity in ecosystems
Authors: Kang Ju , Niu Yiyuan , Wang Xin 
Published: October 2024

AbstractExplaining biodiversity is the central focus in theoretical ecology. A significant obstacle arises from the competitive exclusion principle (CEP), which states that two species competing for the same type of resources cannot coexist at constant population densities, or more generally, the number of consumer species cannot exceed that of resource species at steady states. The conflict between CEP and biodiversity is exemplified by the paradox of the plankton, where a few types of limiting resources support a plethora of plankton species. In this review, we introduce mechanisms proposed over the years for promoting biodiversity in ecosystems, with a special focus on those that alleviate the constraints imposed by the CEP, including mechanisms that challenge the CEP in well‐mixed systems at a steady state or those that circumvent its limitations through contextual differences.
Regenerative businesses' role in industrial symbiosis realisation
Authors: Nyström Kristina , Mirata Murat 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIndustrial symbiosis (IS) provides a strategy for more resource‐efficient economies, potentially contributing to several SDGs. However, many potentials remain unrealised as realisation is given low priority in companies. This paper explores the role of companies that incorporate IS in their core business strategy, termed regenerative businesses (RBs). Five cases were followed for four years using a contextualistic approach. Results suggest that RBs are crucial in IS realisations that go beyond low‐hanging fruit, as they engage in ‘pre‐realisation development’, motivate others, work persistently to overcome barriers, and, in some cases, mobilise support from public champions. The paper also proposes that RBs not only engage in local realisations but can diffuse and scale up solutions. As RBs are found to be dependent on contextual conditions and, in some cases, collaboration with public actors, support for RBs can be a strategy for the promotion of IS.
Toward High‐Performance Li‐Rich Mn‐Based Layered Cathodes: A Review on Surface Modifications
Authors: Wang Guangren , Xu Ming , Fei Linfeng , Wu Changzheng 
Published: October 2024

AbstractLithium‐rich manganese‐based layered oxides (LRMOs) have received attention from both the academic and the industrial communities in recent years due to their high specific capacity (theoretical capacity ≥250 mAh g−1), low cost, and excellent processability. However, the large‐scale applications of these materials still face unstable surface/interface structures, unsatisfactory cycling/rate performance, severe voltage decay, etc. Recently, solid evidence has shown that lattice oxygen in LRMOs easily moves and escapes from the particle surface, which inspires significant efforts on stabilizing the surface/interfacial structures of LRMOs. In this review, the main issues associated with the surface of LRMOs together with the recent advances in surface modifications are outlined. The critical role of outside‐in surface decoration at both atomic and mesoscopic scales with an emphasis on surface coating, surface doping, surface structural reconstructions, and multiple‐strategy co‐modifications is discussed. Finally, the future development and commercialization of LRMOs are prospected. Looking forward, the optimal surface modifications of LRMOs may lead to a low‐cost and sustainable next‐generation high‐performance battery technology.
Self‐Powered Infrared‐Detectable BP/Ta2NiS5 Heterojunction and Its Application in Energy‐Efficient Optoelectronic Synapses
Authors: Shen Ya , Hou Pengfei 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe development of energy‐efficient and high‐performance optoelectronic devices is crucial for the advancement of modern optoelectronic and microelectronic systems. Although the self‐powered devices and optoelectronic synapses based on 2D heterojunction show great application prospects, the high energy consumption and infrared band detection of self‐powered optoelectronic synapses are still an urgent problem to be solved. In this report, a BP/Ta2NiS5 heterojunction is constructed to achieve infrared detection by leveraging differences in Fermi energy levels. This heterojunction exhibits a high specific detectivity of 6.57 × 1010, 2.6 × 1010, and 1.12 × 1010 Jones and responsivity of 20, 10.6, and 5.9 mA W−1 for 1064, 1550, and 2200 nm infrared light at 0 bias voltage, respectively. In addition, under the 2200 nm light, by applying an ultra‐low bias voltage of 800 µV, the heterojunction exhibits ultra‐low power and energy consumption of 28.8 pW and 0.64 pJ, successfully simulates a variety of synaptic behaviors under infrared light, and demonstrates its image perception and image memory capabilities. These findings position the BP/Ta2NiS5 heterojunction as an ideal candidate for a multifunctional optoelectronic device crucial for advanced photodetection, neuromorphic computing, and artificial intelligence.
MoS2 Decorated on 1D MoS2@Co/NC@CF Hierarchical Fibrous Membranes for Enhanced Microwave Absorption
Authors: Xing Linlong , Cheng Haoran , Li Yang , Chen Qiang , Liu Chuntai , Shen Changyu , Liu Xianhu 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe design and development of high‐quality electromagnetic waves (EMW) absorbing materials play a vital role in combating the escalating negative effects of microwave radiation and interference. Herein, MoS2@Co/NC@CF fibrous membranes are successfully fabricated by electrospinning technology and carbonization, and a molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) layer is synthesized on the surface of these fibers via hydrothermal method. The seed‐assisted growth method not only effectively avoids the accumulation and improves the loading of ZIF‐67 particles, so as to ensure that the magnetic components in the fibers are evenly distributed in a wider range, rather than only intermittently present in some sites. Meanwhile, the introduction of semiconductor MoS2 as the shell further optimizes the impedance matching and improves the EMW absorption performance of the carbon fibrous membranes: the minimum reflection loss (RLmin) is −67.56 dB, and the maximum effective absorption bandwidth (EABmax) is further expanded to 6.56 GHz (2.1 mm, 11.44–18 GHz). This work provides a feasible method for developing high‐efficient EMW‐absorbing materials.
A Durable Textile With Advanced Thermal Functions and Electromagnetic Shielding
Authors: Gao Dangge , Jia Zhangting , Lyu Bin , Tang Litao , Fu Yatong , Ma Jianzhong 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn the face of increasingly variable cold climates and diverse individual temperature regulation demands, personal thermal management (PTM) textiles with electromagnetic shielding have obtained significant attention. However, the PTM textiles face several challenges, including single heating mode, insufficient durability, and complex preparation processes. Herein, an all‐day PTM textile Cotton@PDA/AgNPs (CPANS) with energy‐free PRH, energy‐saving solar heating, compensatory electrical heating, electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding, and outstanding durability is fabricated by sequentially growing polydopamine (PDA) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on the cotton fabric (CF). The CPANS exhibits low mid‐infrared emissivity (36.6%) and high absorptivity (70.8%), which guarantees the energy‐saving heating capability. Moreover, the conductivity of the CPANS is ≈11109 S m−1, enabling an electrical heating temperature of ≈177 °C under a low voltage of 1.1 V and superb EMI shielding effectiveness (≈60 dB). The remarkable adhesive properties of the PDA ensure that the desired durability of the CPANS remains high even after rigorous physical treatments. This innovation shows enormous potential for wearable integrated garments in the future and offers a new ideal for PTM fabrics in the cold.
The Development and Prospect of Stable Polyanion Compound Cathodes in LIBs and Promising Complementers
Authors: Guo Dongfang , Chu Siyu , Zhang Bin , Li Zijiong 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCathode materials are usually the key to determining battery capacity, suitable cathode materials are an important prerequisite to meet the needs of large‐scale energy storage systems in the future. Polyanionic compounds have significant advantages in metal ion storage, such as high operating voltage, excellent structural stability, safety, low cost, and environmental friendliness, and can be excellent cathode options for rechargeable metal‐ion batteries. Although some polyanionic compounds have been commercialized, there are still some shortcomings in electronic conductivity, reversible specific capacity, and rate performance, which obviously limits the development of polyanionic compound cathodes in large‐scale energy storage systems. Up to now, many strategies including structural design, ion doping, surface coating, and electrolyte optimization have been explored to improve the above defects. Based on the above contents, this paper briefly reviews the research progress and optimization strategies of typical polyanionic compound cathodes in the fields of lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) and other promising metal ion batteries (sodium ion batteries (SIBs), potassium ion batteries (PIBs), magnesium ion batteries (MIBs), calcium ion batteries (CIBs), zinc ion batteries (ZIBs), aluminum ion batteries (AIBs), etc.), aiming to provide a valuable reference for accelerating the commercial application of polyanionic compound cathodes in rechargeable battery systems.
Recent Advances in Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence‐Based Organic Afterglow Materials
Authors: Sun Yuyu , Wu Leiying , Zhu Liangliang , Baryshnikov Glib V. , Zhang Fan , Li Xuping 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF)‐based materials are attracting widespread attention for different applications owing to their ability of harvesting both singlet and triplet excitons without noble metals in their structures. As compared to the conventional fluorescence and room‐temperature phosphorescence pathways, TADF originates from the reverse intersystem crossing process from the excited triplet state (T1) to the singlet state (S1). Therefore, TADF emitters enabling activated and long lifetime T1 excitons are potential candidates for generating long‐lived afterglow emission, an effect that can still be observed for a while by the naked eye after the removal of the excitation light source. Recently, TADF‐based organic afterglow materials featuring high photoluminescence quantum yields and long lifetimes above 100 ms under ambient conditions, have emerged for advanced information security, high‐contrast biological imaging, optoelectronic devices, and intelligent sensors, whereas the related systematic review is still lacking. Herein, the recent progress in TADF‐based organic afterglow materials is summarized and an overview of the photophysical mechanism, design strategies, and the performances for relevant applications is given. In addition, the challenge and perspective of this area are given at the end of the review.
Sonographic anatomy of surgically acquired abdominal pseudohernia—A guide to the documentation of anterolateral integument denervation with ultrasound
Authors: Napier Donna 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIncisional hernia is a common clinical diagnosis when a patient presents with a post‐surgical abdominal wall bulge. Herniation is a complication that can result from a disruption to the anterior abdominal wall, however other differentials need to be considered to account for a localized prominence of the abdominal integument. One such differential is a pseudohernia; a bulging of an intact abdominal integument without protrusion of abdominal contents. This can occur as a direct consequence of operative trauma and subsequent denervation injury to abdominal wall musculature. Although surgical techniques have been refined to reduce the potential of segmental neuropathy, atrophy of the abdominal wall can be a long term sequalae that clinically mimics that of a hernia. Such an outcome can result from surgical approaches with a particular location and orientation leaving little option to avoid damage to nerves inherent to the area. Damage to these nerves can not only result in abdominal wall laxity but also to the development of further complications that can affect a patient's quality of life. The aim of this article is to increase sonographer awareness of postsurgical pseudohernia of the anterolateral abdominal wall as a differential to incisional hernia, and as such provide guidance on how to demonstrate this anomaly. Considering that pseudohernia and incisional hernia have differing management techniques, the sonographer can play a pivotal role in influencing patient management, negating the need for surgical hernia repair and advocate for a conservative management pathway.