bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Examining the Role of Twitter in Response and Recovery During and After Historic Flooding in South Carolina
Authors: Brandt Heather M. , Turner-McGrievy Gabrielle , Friedman Daniela B. , Gentile Danielle , Schrock Courtney , Thomas Tracey , West Delia 
Published: September 2018

Context:
Social media has played an increasing role in the response to emergency situations through information exchange and efforts to promote recovery. Understanding more about how social media users share and re-share information is particularly important to help emergency response entities determine best strategies for expanding reach and impact through social media in disseminating emergency messages.

Objective:
This study examined the role and use of Twitter as a response and recovery strategy before, during, and after historic rainfall and flooding in the Midlands region of the greater Columbia, South Carolina, area in October 2015.

Design:
A cross-sectional, thematic, and descriptive examination of Twitter data across 4 time periods (before the historic rainfall and flooding, during, immediately after a boil water advisory period, and 6 months later) was conducted.

Setting:
Twitter posts containing “#SCFlood” with a focus on the Midlands region were extracted and analyzed.

Results:
The most common themes of tweets across all 4 time periods were weather conditions, devastation description, resource distribution, volunteerism, actions to reduce threats to health, and appreciation. Tweets mostly originated from individual users, followed by media outlets, governmental agencies, and nonprofit agencies. Tweets from the first 3 time periods were largely focused on built and natural environment devastation and action to reduce threats to health, and tweets from the fourth time period were primarily focused on cleanup and repair.

Conclusions:
Twitter was utilized widely as a communication tool to provide time-sensitive and critical information before, during, and after the event. Ensuring that key social media users have developed disaster communication strategies inclusive of Twitter seems important in aiding response to and recovery from natural disasters.
Brief Report: Per Sex-Act Risk of HIV Transmission Under Antiretroviral Treatment: A Data-Driven Approach
Authors: Supervie Virginie , Breban Romulus 
Published: September 2018

Background:
Before the completion of HPTN 052, PARTNER, and Opposites Attract studies, data were lacking to directly estimate HIV transmission risk under effective combined antiretroviral treatment (cART). Rather, estimates were obtained by extrapolating a dose–response relationship between viral load and risk of HIV transmission, observed among untreated individuals, to treated individuals. Presently, data have accumulated from 9 clinical studies for a direct validation of this extrapolation.

Methods:
Using estimates of per sex-act risk of HIV transmission on effective cART obtained by extrapolation, sexual behavior data, and a simple mathematical model, we estimated the number of seroconversions that should have been observed in HIV-serodiscordant couples where the HIV-positive partner was on cART across the 9 studies. We compared this with the number of seroconversions actually observed. Next, we directly estimated the risk of HIV transmission on effective cART, using Bayesian statistics to combine all available data.

Results:
We found that at least 4.7 (uncertainty bounds: 1.7–12.6) and 35.1 (uncertainty bounds: 13.2–92.0) seroconversions should have been observed among, respectively, heterosexual and men who have sex with men (MSM) serodiscordant couples. This is not validated by observations across the studies, which reported at most 1 seroconversion among heterosexual couples and 0 for MSM. Combining all available data, we found that the maximum per sex-act risk of HIV transmission under effective cART is 3.9:100,000 for heterosexuals and 4.4:100,000 for MSM.

Conclusions:
Data have accumulated to render obsolete estimates of the risk of HIV transmission on cART obtained by extrapolation. Direct estimates are substantially lower and should be used in practice.
18F-Fluoride Uptake in Soft Tissue Metastases of Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma as a Marker of Progressive Calcification
Authors: Duarte Paulo Schiavom , Marin José Flávio Gomes , Filho George Barberio Coura , Sapienza Marcelo Tatit , Buchpiguel Carlos Alberto 
Published: September 2018

Abstract

18F-fluoride (18F-NaF) uptake in soft tissue metastases of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) has been reported. However, the evolution of these metastatic sites has rarely been assessed. We present a case of 18F-NaF uptake in multiple liver metastases of MTC initially without macroscopic calcification. The CT follow-up studies showed a progressive calcium deposition in the lesions. Therefore, this case suggests that the 18F-NaF uptake in MTC metastases could potentially be a marker of an ongoing calcification process instead of an inert deposit of calcium.
Neurosarcoidosis Mimics High-Grade Glioma in Dynamic 18F-FET PET Due to LAT Expression
Authors: Unterrainer Marcus , Diekmann Caroline , Dorostkar Mario , Vettermann Franziska Jill , Kümpfel Tania , Tonn Jörg-Christian , Bartenstein Peter , Albert Nathalie Lisa 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
We present a 45-year-old man with newly generalized tonic-clonic seizures due to a contrast-enhancing frontal lesion with perifocal edema suggestive for high-grade glioma (HGG). For further evaluation, a dynamic 18F-FET PET scan was performed, which showed high 18F-FET-uptake with early peak and constantly decreasing time-activity curves, a characteristic feature of HGG. Stereotactic biopsy and histological evaluation excluded a neoplastic lesion but confirmed a manifestation of neurosarcoidosis with strong expression of the L-amino-acid-transporter considered responsible for 18F-FET-uptake. Therefore, unknown manifestations of neurosarcoidosis represent a clinical pitfall in 18F-FET PET and can mimic HGG.
Pregnancy and Delivery After PRRT Without Sequelae
Authors: Zhang Jingjing , Kulkarni Harshad R. , Lehmann Coline , Singh Aviral , Baum Richard P. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) with radiolabeled somatostatin analogues has been proven to be very useful in the management of advanced, well-differentiated neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs). We present here the pregnancy outcome in a NEN patient, who naturally conceived and gave birth to a healthy baby, after 4 cycles of PRRT administering a cumulative radioactivity of 27.1 GBq. This case underlines that pregnancy and birth without sequelae are possible in patients with NEN who have been treated with PRRT and offers a definitive prospect for patients of reproductive age group who plan conception despite having received or due to undergo PRRT.
Recurrence of Extramedullary Plasmacytomas Involving Lymph Nodes and Pancreas Revealed by 68Ga-DOTATATE and 18F-FDG PET/CT
Authors: Pan Qingqing , Luo Yaping , Li Jian , Zhang Shu , Li Fang 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
A 40-year-old man with history of extramedullary plasmacytoma in nasal cavity presented with right submandibular mass for 3 months. 18F-FDG PET/CT demonstrated mild radioactivity in the right submandibular mass, pancreatic mass, and lymph nodes in the abdomen and left hilum of the lung. To differentiate from pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor, 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT was performed. The above lesions were TATE avid, and additional lesions with intense radioactivity were also detected in the right internal mammary node and intrapericardial node. Finally, biopsy of the right submandibular mass confirmed recurrence of extramedullary plasmacytoma.
Sling Plication for Failed Midurethral Sling Procedures: A Case Series
Authors: Maheshwari Deepali , Jones Keisha , Solomon Ellen , Harmanli Oz 
Published: September 2018

Objectives
The aim of this article is to report the outcomes of sling plications performed on women who presented with persistent stress urinary incontinence after midurethral sling.

Methods
All women who underwent sling plication for persistent stress urinary incontinence after placement of either retropubic or transobturator midurethral sling were included in this case series. For plication, first, the suburethral incision was opened. After mobilization of the mesh in the midline, the sling was plicated with absorbable sutures. Descriptive data were extracted from the electronic medical record. Postoperative stress urinary incontinence was diagnosed based on patients' response to the relevant question on the urinary distress inventory and compared this outcome with respect to the original sling placement approach.

Results
We identified 36 women who underwent sling plication between March 2013 and November 2016: 26 (72.2%) following a retropubic and 10 (27.7%) following a transobturator sling. Median time between midurethral sling and plication procedure was 6.8 weeks (range, 2–148 weeks). Median follow-up after sling plication was 17 weeks (range, 2–104 weeks). Overall, 24 women (66.6%) reported subjective resolution of stress incontinence. Success rate for plication of retropubic slings was 20 (76.9%) of 26 and significantly higher compared with 4 (40%) of 10 for transobturator slings (P = 0.034). There were no mesh erosions or persistent urinary retention after sling plication.

Conclusions
Sling shortening by plication is an effective low-risk option for the management of persistent stress urinary incontinence following a midurethral sling. This approach was found to be more successful after retropubic slings.
Sleep and Motor Control by a Basal Ganglia Circuit
Authors: Liu Danqian , Ma Chenyan , Zheng Weitong , Yao Yuanyuan , Dan Yang 
Published: September 2018

AbstractFrom invertebrates to humans, a defining feature of sleep is behavioral immobility(Campbell and Tobler, 1984; Hendricks et al., 2000; Shaw et al., 2000). In mammals, diminished electromyographic (EMG) activity is a major criterion for both rapid eye movement (REM) and non-REM (NREM) sleep. However, the relationship between sleep and motor control at the neuronal level remains poorly understood. Here we show that regions of the basal ganglia long known to be essential for motor suppression also play a key role in sleep generation. Optogenetic or chemogenetic activation of GABAergic neurons in mouse substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr) strongly increased both REM and NREM sleep, whereas their inactivation suppressed sleep and increased wakefulness. Analysis of natural home-cage behavior showed that mice transition sequentially through several behavioral states: locomotion, non-locomotor movement, quiet wakefulness, and sleep. Activation/inactivation of SNr neurons promoted/suppressed sleep by biasing the direction of progression through the natural behavioral sequence. Virus-mediated circuit tracing showed that SNr GABAergic neurons project to multiple wake-promoting monoaminergic cell groups in addition to the thalamus and mesencephalic locomotor region, and activating each projection promoted sleep. Within the thalamus, direct optogenetic inactivation of glutamatergic neurons is sufficient to enhance sleep, but the effect is largely restricted to the regions receiving SNr projection. Furthermore, a major source of excitatory inputs to the SNr is the subthalamic nucleus (STN), and activation of neurotensin-expressing glutamatergic neurons in the STN also promoted sleep. Together, these results demonstrate a key role of the STN-SNr basal ganglia pathway in sleep generation and reveal a novel circuit mechanism linking sleep and motor control.
The Arabidopsis autophagy cargo receptors ATI1 and ATI2 bind to ATG8 via intrinsically disordered regions and are post-translationally modified upon ATG8 interaction
Authors: Sjøgaard Ida Marie Zobbe , Bressendorff Simon , Prestel Andreas , Kausika Swathi , Oksbjerg Emilie , Kragelund Birthe B. , Brodersen Peter 
Published: September 2018

AbstractSelective autophagy has emerged as an important mechanism by which eukaryotic cells control the abundance of specific proteins. This mechanism relies on cargo recruitment to autophagosomes by receptors that bind to both the ubiquitin-like AUTOPHAGY8 (ATG8) protein through ATG8 interacting motifs (AIMs) and to the cargo to be degraded. In plants, two autophagy cargo receptors, ATG8 Interacting Protein 1 (ATI1) and 2 (ATI2), were identified early on, but their molecular properties remain poorly understood. Here, we show that ATI1 and ATI2 are transmembrane proteins with long N-terminal intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs). The N-terminal IDRs contain the functional AIMs, and we use nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to directly observe the disorder-order transition of the AIM upon ATG8 binding. Our analyses also show that the IDRs of ATI1 and ATI2 are not equivalent, because ATI2 has properties of a fully disordered polypeptide, while ATI1 has properties consistent with a collapsed pre-molten globule-like conformation Interestingly, wild type ATI1 and ATI2 exist as distinct post-translationally modified forms. Specifically, different forms are detectable upon mutation of the AIM, suggesting that interaction of ATI1 and ATI2 to ATG8 is coupled to a change in their post-translational modification.
Effects of enzymatic hydrolysis treatments on the physicochemical properties of beef bone extract using endo‐ and exoproteases
Authors: Chiang J. H. , Loveday S. M. , Hardacre A. K. , Parker M. E. 
Published: September 2018

SummaryThis study reported the effects of enzymatic hydrolysis treatments on the physiochemical properties of beef bone extract using endo‐ and exoproteases. Each enzyme hydrolysis kinetics were studied using Michaelis–Menten model, and the ideal E/S ratio obtained for Protamex® (P), bromelain (B) and Flavourzyme® (F) was found to be 1.10%, 1.60% and 4.70% w/w, respectively. Seven hydrolysates were produced from single (P, B, F), simultaneous (P + F, B + F) and sequential (P > F, B > F) treatments, where bone extract hydrolysed by Flavourzyme® exhibited highest DH and proportion of low molecular weight (Mw) peptides (<5000 Da) in single treatment. When Flavourzyme® was used with Protamex® or bromelain in simultaneous or sequential treatments, no significant differences in Mw distribution, exposed SH content, SS content and viscosity were evident compared with Flavourzyme® only. This indicated that without the addition of other enzymes, Flavourzyme® was capable of increasing the proportion of low Mw peptides and reduce viscosity.
Characterisation of dominant autochthonous strains for nitrite degradation of Chinese traditional fermented fish
Authors: Liao E , Xu Yanshun , Jiang Qixing , Xia Wenshui 
Published: September 2018

SummaryIn this study, three previously isolated dominant autochthonous strains from Chinese traditional fermented fish products (CTFPs), namely Lactobacillus plantarum 120, Saccharomyces cerevisiae 2018 and Staphylococcus xylosus 135, were used to evaluate their nitrite degradation abilities. The highest nitrite degradation rate (NDR) was observed in L. plantarum 120 (90.70%), followed by S. cerevisiae 2018 (78.75%) and S. xylosus 135 (13.09%). The nitrite reductase activities of L. plantarum 120 and S. cerevisiae 2018 could be promoted by appropriate sodium chloride contents (4%–6%). Meanwhile, nitrite could be degraded in soluble grass carp proteins, and the NDR was positively associated with the protein concentration. Inoculation with L. plantarum 120, S. cerevisiae 2018 and S. xylosus 135 significantly (P < 0.05) decreased the nitrite and nitrate concentrations in CTFPs. Therefore, dominant autochthonous strains, especially L. plantarum 120 and S. cerevisiae 2018, could be used as promising starter cultures to inhibit nitrite accumulation in CTFPs.
Tannase improves gallic acid bioaccessibility and maintains the quality of mango juice
Authors: Sirven Maritza A. , Negrete Marcos , Talcott Stephen T. 
Published: September 2018

SummaryThe effect of tannase on gallic acid (GA) bioaccessibility and auto‐oxidative browning of mango juice was investigated. After 2 h of simulated gastric digestion, the concentration of bioaccessible GA increased (P < 0.05) 94.3 ± 7.0% in juice treated with 0.5 U mL−1 tannase while juice not treated with tannase had only a 6.3 ± 3.4% increase in GA. During 2–10 h of simulated intestinal digestion, tannase treated juice continued to have a higher concentration (P < 0.05) of bioaccessible GA in comparison to juice that was not treated with tannase. The use of 167 U 100 mL−1 tannase while processing mango juice did not result in any differences (P < 0.05) in browning measured at 420 nm, yet there was significantly higher (P < 0.05) GA in mango juice post‐storage. Processing mango juice with tannase can help improve the bioaccessibility of mango polyphenols without hindering the quality of juice during storage.
The authenticity identification of teas (Camellia sinensis L.) of different seasons according to their multi‐elemental fingerprints
Authors: Zhao Haiyan , Zhao Fangyuan 
Published: September 2018

SummaryThe objective of this study was to investigate the feasibility of discriminating harvest seasons of tea by the multi‐elemental fingerprinting technique. A total of 162 tea leaf samples were collected in spring, summer and autumn of 2015 and 2016 respectively. The concentrations of 25 elements were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Analysis of variance and linear discriminant analysis were performed to analyse the differences of tea leaves of different harvest seasons and years and identify the seasons and years of tea leaves. The results showed that tea leaves of different harvest seasons and years had their own elemental profiles. For tea leaves of 2015 and 2016, using the established discriminant models, the total accuracy of season‐based identification reached 95.1% and 87.7% respectively. The classifications of tea leaves of different years were 100% accurate. Therefore, the multi‐elemental fingerprinting technique can be used to identify harvest seasons of tea.
Good person, good citizen? The discourses that Chinese youth invoke to make civic and moral meaning
Authors: Xiang Xin , Zhao Xu , Zhang Siwen , Lee Ashley , Li Yiyu , Haste Helen , Liu Zhi , Cotnam-Kappel Megan 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
In a time of transition, China is formulating principles for moral and civic responsibility and action that will serve the new goals for an expanding world power. How do young Chinese people define the ‘good person’ and ‘good citizen’, and the qualities to which they should aspire, in this changing climate? How do these mesh with the public messages and the historical traditions from which they derive? Using discourse analysis we report data from 8th and 11th grade students in Shanghai and Nantong that reveal four discourses around civic and moral responsibilities, norms and goals. Discourse analysis enables us to identify the underlying explanatory narratives that attribute causality and consequence, position people and institutions, imply judgements and values, and prescribe acceptable or expected actions. The four discourses are (1) Obeying Rules and Laws; (2) Building and Maintaining Relationships; (3) Striving towards Moral Perfection and High ‘Quality’; and (4) Loving One’s Country and Contributing to Society.
A new wild: Reimagining the potential of indigenous biodiversity in Aotearoa, New Zealand
Authors: Abbott Mick , Blackburne Kate , Boyle Cameron , Lee Woody , Pickett Tenille 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
This article presents ways to rethink current approaches to protected areas in New Zealand, which have been dominated by problematic colonial ideas that uniformly construct such places as separate from people and as reminiscent of a pre-human past. This has resulted in the strict separation of productive landscapes from protected landscapes in Aotearoa, New Zealand. A re-evaluation of the idea of allocating further lands that have high endemic biodiversity values solely for protection is considered in light of the country’s public conservation lands reaching 33 per cent of the country’s total land area and still continuing to grow. Using a design-directed research approach we put forward seven alternatives to imagining protected areas that act as speculative futures from which to reimagine and expand the potential of New Zealand’s indigenous biodiversity beyond solely preservation-focused approaches that have been based on a fortress conservation model. These futures are not prescriptive but opportunities to extend the value that New Zealand’s indigenous biodiversity might have, and consider its capacity to foster deep connections between people and place, in ways in which both endemic biodiversity and people thrive.
Art therapy training for relief workers to provide support and sustainability
Authors: Bardot Heidi 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
This article looks at training mental health and relief workers, interacting directly with refugee populations, to utilize art therapy techniques in response to trauma. The workshop trainings served two purposes: to educate front-line workers in utilizing techniques to expand the breadth of work and provide sustainable art therapy services, and to provide support for the trainees from vicarious trauma and burnout from the work. The second aspect of the workshop concentrated on group exercises to provide team cohesion and more internally focused techniques for self-care. Specific techniques were introduced, and cultural and site-specific modifications were explored.
The development of well-being and supervision programmes for caregivers in post conflict Cambodia: A creative response to the need for long term sustainability
Authors: Herbert Carrie 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
This article will describe a creative arts therapy action research that engages organizations in a collaborative process in the development of effective responses to staff care and organizational well-being in the context of post conflict humanitarian work in Cambodia. Creative Arts Therapy techniques used in supervision, de-briefing and assessment processes were developed to support staff care well-being practice and policy creation in Cambodia with non-governmental organizations. This model revealed an acute need for effective staff care and well-being programmes across agencies and demonstrated a subsequent reduction in the levels of work-related stress and vicarious trauma. The model proposes the development of national guidelines for policy and practice alongside the building of capacity in national staff for ongoing evolution and implementation. It is further recommended that such developments need adequate time, support and resource investment for integration into a policy, structure and programming of an organization.