bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An NIR‐Fluorophore‐Based Therapeutic Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Inducer
Authors: Wang Yang , Luo Shenglin , Zhang Chi , Liao Xingyun , Liu Tao , Jiang Zhongyong , Liu Dengqun , Tan Xu , Long Lei , Wang Yu , Chen Zelin , Liu Yunsheng , Yang Fan , Gan Yibo , Shi Chunmeng 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress signaling or unfolded protein response (UPR) is a common feature of many human diseases, including cancer. Excessive activation of ER stress directly induces cell death, holding a new promising strategy for the therapeutic intervention of cancer. Current ER‐stress‐inducing agents mainly target UPR components or proteasomes, which exert limited treatment efficacy and undesired side effects due to unselective ER stress and poor tumor‐specific distribution. In this study, a unique near‐infrared (NIR) fluorophore, IR‐34, is synthesized and identified to selectively and efficiently trigger tumoricidal ER stress by targeting the mitochondrial protein NDUFS1. IR‐34 is demonstrated to specifically accumulate in living cancer cells for tumor NIR imaging and drastically inhibit tumor growth and recurrence without causing apparent toxicity. Thus, this multifunctional NIR fluorophore may represent a novel theranostic agent for tumor imaging‐guided treatment and also strengthens the idea that mitochondria could be a useful target for therapeutic ER stress in cancer cells.
Incorporating Ionic Paths into 3D Conducting Scaffolds for High Volumetric and Areal Capacity, High Rate Lithium‐Metal Anodes
Authors: Zhang Chanyuan , Liu Shan , Li Guojie , Zhang Cuijuan , Liu Xingjiang , Luo Jiayan 
Published: July 2018

AbstractLithium‐metal batteries can fulfill the ever‐growing demand of the high‐energy‐density requirement of electronics and electric vehicles. However, lithium‐metal anodes have many challenges, especially their inhomogeneous dendritic formation and infinite dimensional change during cycling. 3D scaffold design can mitigate electrode thickness fluctuation and regulate the deposition morphology. However, in an insulating or ion‐conducting matrix, Li as the exclusive electron conductor can become disconnected, whereas in an electron‐conducting matrix, the rate performance is restrained by the sluggish Li+ diffusion. Herein, the advantages of both ion‐ and electron‐conducting paths are integrated into a mixed scaffold. In the mixed ion‐ and electron‐conducting network, the charge diffusion and distribution are facilitated leading to significantly improved electrochemical performance. By incorporating Li6.4La3Zr2Al0.2O12 nanoparticles into 3D carbon nanofibers scaffold, the Li metal anodes can deliver areal capacity of 16 mAh cm−2, volumetric capacity of 1600 mAh cm−3, and remain stable over 1000 h under current density of 5 mA cm−2. The volumetric and areal capacities as well as the rate capability are among the highest values reported. It is anticipated that the 3D mixed scaffold could be combined with further electrolytes and cathodes to develop high‐performance energy systems.
Lithium‐Pretreated Hard Carbon as High‐Performance Sodium‐Ion Battery Anodes
Authors: Xiao Biwei , Soto Fernando A. , Gu Meng , Han Kee Sung , Song Junhua , Wang Hui , Engelhard Mark H. , Murugesan Vijayakumar , Mueller Karl T. , Reed David , Sprenkle Vincent L. , Balbuena Perla B. , Li Xiaolin 
Published: July 2018

AbstractHard carbon (HC) is the state‐of‐the‐art anode material for sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs). However, its performance has been plagued by the limited initial Coulombic efficiency (ICE) and mediocre rate performance. Here, experimental and theoretical studies are combined to demonstrate the application of lithium‐pretreated HC (LPHC) as high‐performance anode materials for SIBs by manipulating the solid electrolyte interphase in tetraglyme (TEGDME)‐based electrolyte. The LPHC in TEGDME can 1) deliver > 92% ICE and ≈220 mAh g−1 specific capacity, twice of the capacity (≈100 mAh g−1) in carbonate electrolyte; 2) achieve > 85% capacity retention over 1000 cycles at 1000 mA g−1 current density (4 C rate, 1 C = 250 mA g−1) with a specific capacity of ≈150 mAh g−1, ≈15 times of the capacity (10 mAh g−1) in carbonate. The full cell of Na3V2(PO4)3‐LPHC in TEGDME demonstrated close to theoretical specific capacity of ≈98 mAh g−1 based on Na3V2(PO4)3 cathode, ≈2.5 times of the value (≈40 mAh g−1) with nontreated HC. This work provides new perception on the anode development for SIBs.
Ameliorating the Interfacial Problems of Cathode and Solid‐State Electrolytes by Interface Modification of Functional Polymers
Authors: Wang Li‐Ping , Zhang Xu‐Dong , Wang Tai‐Shan , Yin Ya‐Xia , Shi Ji‐Lei , Wang Chun‐Ru , Guo Yu‐Guo 
Published: July 2018

AbstractSolid‐state Li secondary batteries may become high energy density storage devices for the next generation of electric vehicles, depending on the compatibility of electrode materials and suitable solid electrolytes. Specifically, it is a great challenge to obtain a stable interface between these solid electrolytes and cathodes. Herein, this issue can be effectively addressed by constructing a poly(acrylonitrile‐co‐butadiene) coated layer onto the surface of LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.2O2 cathode materials. The polymer layer plays a vital role in working as a protective shell to retard side reaction and ameliorate the contact of the solid–solid interface during the cycling process. In the resultant solid‐state batteries, both rate capacity (99 mA h g−1 at 3 C) and cycling stability (75% capacity retention after 400 cycles) are improved after coating. This impressive performance highlights the great importance of layer modification in the cathode and inspires the development of solid‐state batteries toward practical applications.
Living on the Margins of Democratic Representation: Socially Connected Community Responsibility as Civic Engagement in an Unincorporated Area
Authors: Fernández Jesica Siham , Langhout Regina Day 
Published: July 2018

AbstractWe examine the civic engagement processes and practices amongViva Live Oak!photovoice project participants residing in an unincorporated area with limited local democratic representation and institutional resources. Eight individual interviews and thirty‐one group photovoice meetings were conducted, audio recorded, transcribed, and analyzed. We describe how social structures of unincorporation shaped community life, and how this unique context informed participants’ civic engagement. We argue for a conceptualization of civic engagement that centers a social connection model of community responsibility, to make legible the social, relational, and civic actions of unincorporated area residents.
Direct Catalytic Asymmetric Vinylogous Additions of α,β‐ and β,γ‐Butenolides to Polyfluorinated Alkynyl Ketimines
Authors: Trost Barry M. , Hung Chao‐I. (Joey) , Scharf Manuel J. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractWe report a Zn‐ProPhenol catalyzed asymmetric Mannich reaction between butenolides and polyfluorinated alkynyl ketimines to obtain vinylogous products featuring two contiguous tetrasubstituted stereogenic centers. Notably, this is the first successful use of ketimines in the ProPhenol Mannich process, and the reaction offers a new approach for the preparation of pharmaceutically relevant products possessing trifluoromethylated tetrasubstituted alkylamines. The reaction can be performed on large scale with reduced catalyst loading without impacting its efficiency. Moreover, the acetylene moiety can be further elaborated using various methods.
Magnetophoretic Sorting of Single Catalyst Particles
Authors: Solsona Miguel , Nieuwelink Anne‐Eva , Meirer Florian , Abelmann Leon , Odijk Mathieu , Olthuis Wouter , Weckhuysen Bert M. , van den Berg Albert 
Published: July 2018

AbstractA better understanding of the deactivation processes taking place within solid catalysts is vital to design better ones. However, since inter‐particle heterogeneities are more a rule than an exception, particle sorting is crucial to analyse single catalyst particles in detail. Microfluidics offers new possibilities to sort catalysts at the single particle level. Herein, we report a first‐of‐its‐kind 3D printed magnetophoretic chip able to sort catalyst particles by their magnetic moment. Fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) particles were separated based on their Fe content. Magnetophoretic sorting shows that large Fe aggregates exist within 20 % of the FCC particles with the highest Fe content. The availability of Brønsted acid sites decreases with increasing Fe content. This work paves the way towards a high‐throughput catalyst diagnostics platform to determine why specific catalyst particles perform better than others.
Seafood Phospholipids: Extraction Efficiency and Phosphorous Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (31P NMR) Profiles
Authors: Bettjeman Bodhi I. , Hofman Kathleen A. , Burgess Elaine J. , Perry Nigel B. , Killeen Daniel P. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe absolute concentration of phospholipids (PL) (μmol g−1, wet tissue) in five marine tissues was determined using quantitative phosphorous nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P NMR). Hoki (Macruronus novaezelandiae) roe was identified as a “high‐PL” seafood, containing 15.97 ± 4.72 μmol g−1 (wet tissue) of these compounds. This was 2–4× higher than the concentration of PL in monkfish (Lophius spp.) fillets (4.26 ± 1.52), arrow squid (Nototodarus sloanii) mantle (8.95 ± 0.89), Greenshell™ mussel (Perna canaliculus) (7.04 ± 0.87), or hoki liver (6.03 ± 0.76). The amount of PL extracted from these tissues was dependent on the extraction method used, with the Folch (1957) method consistently extracting more oil (and more PL) from all five tissues than the Bligh and Dyer (1959) and Jensen (2003) methods. The individual PL profiles of each tissue are also reported.
Controllable 1D and 2D Cobalt Oxide and Cobalt Selenide Nanostructures as Highly Efficient Electrocatalysts for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Zhang Chenyun , Xin Bingwei , Duan Shengfu , Jiang Anning , Zhang Baohua , Li Zhonghao , Hao Jingcheng 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe relationship between controllable morphology and electrocatalytic activity of Co3O4 and CoSe2 for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) was explored in alkaline medium. Based on the time‐dependent growth process of cobalt precursors, 1D Co3O4 nanorods and 2D Co3O4 nanosheets were successfully synthesized through a facile hydrothermal process at 180 °C under different reaction times, followed by calcination at 300 °C for 2 h. Subsequently, 1D and 2D CoSe2 nanostructures were derived by selenization of Co3O4, which achieved the controllable synthesis of CoSe2 without templating agents. By comparing the electrocatalytic behavior of these cobalt‐based catalysts in 1 m KOH electrolyte toward the OER, both 2D Co3O4 and 2D CoSe2 nanocrystals have lower overpotentials and better electrocatalytic stability than that of 1D nanostructures. The 2D CoSe2 nanosheets require overpotentials of 372 mV to reach a current density of 50 mA cm−2 with a small Tafel slope of 74 mV dec−1. A systematic contrast of the electrocatalytic performances for the OER increase in the order: 1D Co3O4<2D Co3O4<1D CoSe2<2D CoSe2. This work provides fundamental insights into the morphology–performance relationships of both Co3O4 and CoSe2, which were synthesized through the same approach, providing a solid guide for designing OER catalysts.
Stabilization by Benzannulation: Butterfly Azaacenes
Authors: Müller Matthias , Reiss Hilmar , Tverskoy Olena , Rominger Frank , Freudenberg Jan , Bunz Uwe H. F. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractSoluble butterfly‐shaped tetraazapentacenes and tetraazaheptacenes were prepared by condensation or Stille coupling with a stannafluorene. The stability of the benzo‐winged tetraazaheptacene is dramatically increased through the fourfold benzannulation, yet its acene character is retained to a significant extent.
Impact of the Acid Treatment on Lignocellulosic Biomass Hard Carbon for Sodium‐Ion Battery Anodes
Authors: Dou Xinwei , Hasa Ivana , Saurel Damien , Jauregui Maria , Buchholz Daniel , Rojo Teófilo , Passerini Stefano 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe investigation of phosphoric acid treatment on the performance of hard carbon from a typical lignocellulosic biomass waste (peanut shell) is herein reported. A strong correlation is discovered between the treatment time and the structural properties and electrochemical performance in sodium‐ion batteries. Indeed, a prolonged acid treatment enables the use of lower temperatures, that is, lower energy consumption, for the carbonization step as well as improved high‐rate performance (122 mAh g−1 at 10 C).
HPLC‐MS/MS combined with membrane‐protected molecularly imprinted polymer micro‐solid‐phase extraction for synthetic cathinones monitoring in urine
Authors: Sánchez‐González Juan , Odoardi Sara , Bermejo Ana María , Bermejo–Barrera Pilar , Romolo Francesco Saverio , Moreda–Piñeiro Antonio , Strano‐Rossi Sabina 
Published: July 2018

AbstractSynthetic cathinones are a type of drug belonging to group of new psychoactive substances (NPSs). The illicit market for these substances is characterized by the continuous introduction to the market of new analogs to evade legislation and to avoid detection. New screening and confirmation assays are therefore needed, mainly in forensic/clinical samples. In the current development, a porous membrane‐protected, micro‐solid‐phase extraction (μ‐SPE) has been developed for the assessment of several cathinones in urine. The μ‐SPE device consisted of a cone‐shaped polypropylene (PP) porous membrane containing the adsorbent (molecularly imprinted polymers, MIPs, synthesized for the first time for this class of drugs). MIPs were prepared using ethylone and 3‐methylmethcathinone (3‐MMC) as templates, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as a functional monomer, divinylbenzene (DVB) as a cross‐linker, and 2,2´‐azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as an initiator. The prepared ethylone‐based MIP and 3‐MMC‐based MIP have been fully characterized and evaluated as new selective adsorbents for μ‐SPE. Cathinones separation/determination was performed by high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC–MS/MS). Optimum loading conditions (pH 5.0, loading for 4.0 minutes under orbital‐horizontal shaking at 200 rpm) and elution conditions [2.0 mL of 75:20:5 heptane/2‐propanol/ammonium hydroxide and ultrasounds assistance (37 kHz, 325 W) for 4.0 minutes] were found for ethylone‐based MIP. Validation (intra‐day and inter‐day precision and analytical recovery) showed RSD values lower than 9 and 10% for intra‐day and inter‐day precision, and within the 88%–101% range for intra‐day and inter‐day analytical recovery.
“A tool doesn't add anything”. The importance of added value: Use of observational pain tools with patients with advanced dementia approaching the end of life—a qualitative study of physician and nurse experiences and perspectives
Authors: De Witt Jansen Bannin , Brazil Kevin , Passmore Peter , Buchanan Hilary , Maxwell Doreen , McIlfatrick Sonja , Morgan Sharon M. , Watson Max , Parsons Carole 
Published: July 2018

BackgroundObservational pain tools (OPTs) are widely recommended in health care policies, clinical guidelines, and recommendations for pain assessment and management. However, it is unclear whether and how these tools are used for patients with advanced dementia approaching the end of life.AimTo explore hospice, secondary, and primary care physicians' and nurses' use of OPTs with patients dying with advanced dementia and their perspectives on practice development and training needs.MethodsTwenty‐three physicians and 24 nurses with experience of caring for people dying with advanced dementia were recruited from primary care surgeries (n = 5), hospitals (n = 6), hospices (n = 4), and nursing homes (n = 10). Semistructured, face‐to‐face interviews were conducted. Interviews were digitally recorded, transcribed verbatim, and thematic analysis applied to identify core themes.ResultsThree key themes emerged: (1) use of OPTs in this vulnerable patient population, (2) barriers to the use of OPTs and lack of perceived “added value”, and (3) perspectives on practice development and training in pain assessment in advanced dementia at end of life. Just over one‐quarter of participants (n = 13) routinely used OPTs. Reasons for nonuse included perceived limitations of such tools, difficulties with their use and integration with existing practice, and lack of perceived added value. Most participants strongly emphasised a need for ongoing training and development which facilitated transfer of knowledge and multidisciplinary skills across professions and specialties.ConclusionsHealth professionals require ongoing support in developing and integrating change to existing pain assessment protocols and approaches. These findings have important implications for health education, practice, and policy.
Quantifying Wildlife and Navigation Benefits of a Dredging Beneficial-Use Project in the Lower Atchafalaya River: A Demonstration of Engineering with Nature®
Authors: Foran Christy M , Burks-Copes Kelly A , Berkowitz Jacob , Corbino Jeffrey , Suedel Burton C 
Published: July 2018

Abstract

The US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) operates and maintains numerous projects in support of its various civil works missions including flood damage risk reduction, navigation, and ecosystem restoration. Originally authorized on an economic basis, these projects may produce a broad array of unaccounted for ecosystem services (ESs) that contribute to overall human, societal, and environmental well-being. Efforts are underway to capture the full array of environmental, economic, and social impacts of these projects. Methods are needed to identify relevant ESs generated by these nature-based projects and to measure their contribution to societal well-being with an emphasis placed on use of readily available data. Performance metrics were collected to capture the benefits of strategic placement of dredged material in river systems to allow formation of islands that produce a wide array of ESs. These performance metrics can be converted to ESs with market value or combined in a decision analytical approach to demonstrate the relative gain in utility. This approach is demonstrated on a riverine island created on the Atchafalaya River, Louisiana, as a result of the strategic placement of dredged material. The outcomes foster integration of ES assessment into project design and management practices and support more comprehensive project evaluation and widespread application. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2018;14:759–768. Published 2018. This article is a US Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.

Key Points
Navigational maintenance projects produce a broad array of unaccounted for ecosystem services (ESs) that contribute to overall human, societal, and environmental benefits. On the lower Atchafalaya River, Louisiana, USA, a riverine island self-formed as a result of strategically placing dredged material from an adjacent federal navigation channel and natural hydrodynamic processes of the river. Performance metrics were developed that capture the benefits of strategic dredged-material placement generating habitat, climate regulation, nutrient sequestration, and navigational support benefits. Performance metrics were converted to ecosystem services to determine their market values and to identify their relative contribution to the overall utility of the project.
Potential of cassava clones enriched with β‐carotene and lycopene for zinc biofortification under different soil Zn conditions
Authors: Corguinha Ana Paula B , Carvalho Camila A , de Souza Guilherme A , de Carvalho Teotonio S , Vieira Eduardo A , Fialho Josefino F , Guilherme Luiz Roberto G 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDZinc (Zn) deficiency is a major human health concern worldwide, and biofortification (genetic and agronomic) is a complementary solution for increasing micronutrient contents, including Zn. Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) has been used for Zn biofortification because it is an important staple crop in most countries affected by malnutrition and Zn deficiency. Thus studies on biofortification of this crop can improve its nutritional quality. Zn content in cassava clones enriched with β‐carotene or lycopene and cultivated under different areas and soil managements was investigated to evaluate the influence of genotypic variation and agronomic management on Zn status in the plant.RESULTSA clone‐specific response to total Zn content in the soil was found, with clones 26, 215, and 240 (β‐carotene enriched) and clones 341 and 395 (lycopene enriched) being the most responsive. For both experiments, there was a positive interaction between total soil Zn and Zn content in the roots.CONCLUSIONSOur results suggest that, by combining plant breeding and agronomic strategies, it is possible to enrich cassava roots with both zinc and β‐carotene or lycopene. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Comparing square root method of measuring the cardiac output by means of aortic impedance change component to Kubicek's method
Authors: Kuang Ming‐Xing , Kuang Shi‐Jiang , Xiao Qiu‐Jin , Kuang Nan‐Zhen , Zhao Hui , Cheng Xiao‐Ling 
Published: July 2018

PurposeThe aim of this study is to explore a calculated method used to measure the cardiac output using the aortic impedance change component of reconstructed impedance cardiography.MethodsRoutine impedance cardiography was measured using Kubicek's method with four ring electrodes. The thoracic mixed impedance changes were measured by six leads, which consisted of 15 electrodes. The aortic impedance change component was separated from six thoracic mixed impedance changes through waveform reconstruction. The square root formula used to calculate the cardiac output was deduced based on the thoracic impedance change equation and the aortic volume change hypothesis during the systole period. The cardiac outputs of 180 normal adults and 72 patients with cardiac insufficiency who could still walk freely were contrastively computed with both Kubicek's formula and the square root formula.ResultsFor 180 normal adults, the cardiac index (CI) computed with the square root formula was 3.60 ± 0.45 L/min/m2, with normal values ranging from 2.7 to 4.5 L/min/m2. A total of 163 cases (90.6%) had a CI in the standard range (2.7–4.3 L/min/m2) adopted in clinical applications. The CI computed with Kubicek's formula was 3.61 ± 0.86 L/min/m2, with normal values ranging from 1.9 to 5.3 L/min/m2, and only 115 cases (63.9%) had a CI in the above standard range. Among the 72 patients with cardiac insufficiency, 20 (27.8%) patients had a CI < 2.0 L/min/m2 with Kubicek's formula. Of these 20 cases, 9 cases had a CI < 1.5 L/min/m2, and 4 cases had a CI < 1.1 L/min/m2. In contrast, none of the 72 patients had a CI < 2.0 L/min/m2 with the square root formula. In addition, the influence of the chest circumference on the CI was lower for the square root formula than for Kubicek's formula.ConclusionsThe CI calculated with the square root formula had a better normal value range, was more accurate for the patients with cardiac insufficiency, and was less affected by the chest circumference than the CI calculated with Kubicek's formula.
Modulare Polymere in Farbe
Authors: Pai Sandesh , Munzert Stefanie Martina , Kurth Dirk G. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractMetallosupramolekulare Koordinationspolyelektrolyte entstehen durch metallioneninduzierte Polymerisation von Bisterpyridinliganden. Über Konzentration der Edukte, pH‐Wert und Dauer der Polymerisation lassen sich die Kettenlängen einstellen. Zudem können Eigenschaften wie Selbstheilung und reversible Farbänderung implementiert werden.
Chemiewirtschaft: Forschen, produzieren, verkaufen
Authors: Bulmahn Maren 
Published: July 2018

AbstractDie Chemieindustrie hat im Jahr 2017 mehr hergestellt, mehr gebaut und mehr gehandelt als im Jahr davor. Die meisten Unternehmen waren mit dem Ergebnis zufrieden, auch wenn manche – darunter deutsche Pflanzenschutzmittelhersteller – weniger verkauften. Forschung und Entwicklung bleiben Kennzeichen deutscher Chemieunternehmen.