bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Flexible Piezoelectric Energy Harvesters with Mechanoluminescence for Mechanical Energy Harvesting and Stress Visualization Sensing
Authors: Fu Xueting , Cao Yongquan , Song Xinyue , Sun Renbing , Jiang Hai , Du Peng , Peng Dengfeng , Luo Laihui 
Published: November 2024

AbstractFlexible piezoelectric energy harvesters (FPEHs) have wide applications in mechanical energy harvesting, portable device driving, and piezoelectric sensors. However, the poor output performance of piezoelectric energy harvesters and the intrinsic shortcoming of piezoelectric sensors that can only detect dynamic pressure limit their further applications. BaTiO3 (BT) and PVDF are deposited on the glass fiber electronic cloth (GFEC) by impregnation and spin‐coating methods, respectively, to form BT‐GFEC/PVDF piezoelectric composite films. A mixed solution of mechanoluminescence (ML) particles ZnS:Cu and PDMS are used as the encapsulation layer to construct a high‐performance ML‐FPEH with self‐powered electrical and optical dual‐mode response characteristics. Due to the interconnection structure of the piezoelectric films, the prepared ML‐FPEH illustrates a high effective energy harvesting performance (≈58 V, ≈43.56 µW cm−2). It can also effectively harvest mechanical energy from human activities. More importantly, ML‐FPEH can sense stress distribution of hand‐writing via ML to achieve stress visualization, making up for the shortcomings of piezoelectric sensors. This work provides a new strategy for endowing FPEH with dual‐mode sensing and energy harvesting.
Spontaneous Phase Transition and Multistage Interfacial Mechanical Friction of Liquid Metals Induced CO2 Reduction at Room Temperature
Authors: Luo Hanhai , Zhang Liyuan , Yang Huiqin , Yang Wen , Liu Qingju , Mu Weihua , Boudmyxay Khampheng , Liu Jing , Yang Peizhi , Duan Liangfei 
Published: November 2024

AbstractExcessive emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) have caused the greenhouse effect and environmental crisis. Therefore, the carbon reduction and negative carbon technologies are particularly important. Among these, the negative carbon technologies that convert CO2 into carbon materials or carbon‐based chemicals for reuse have attracted significant attention. However, the strong double covalent bonds make the CO2 conversion usually require harsh conditions, complex processes, and high energy consumption. Gallium‐based liquid metals (LMs) are the functional materials with both metallic and liquid properties, exhibiting a unique liquid‐phase structure and diverse surface characteristics. Herein, a strategy for reducing CO2 is proposed to carbon materials by utilizing the spontaneous phase transition and mechanical friction of liquid metals. The gallium (Ga) and indium (In) particles are mixed and exposed to CO2, the contact interface of metal particles spontaneously transforms into liquid metals. The system has multistage interfaces, including Ga/In, Ga/eGaIn, and In/eGaIn, capable of generating triboelectrification upon mechanical stimulation, leading to charge transfer. The high electric field generated by friction at the contact interface directly reduces CO2 to carbon materials at room temperature. The carbon materials cover the surface of eGaIn and can be directly stripped for used as fuel, or industrial applications.
Simultaneous Modulation on Solvation Shell and Electrode Interface for Reversible Zinc Anode Realized by a Mutiplefunctional Additive
Authors: Cao Zhaoxia , Ma Xiaofeng , Liu Wenxuan , Wu Jiarou , Jiao Yujie , Yin Yanhong , Lu Zhansheng , Yang Shuting 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe inferior reversibility of Zn metal anode caused by undesired Zn dendrite and severe interfacial side reactions has to be addressed for the commercial application of Zinc ion batteries (ZIBs). Here, a multiple functional sodium benzaldehyde 2,4‐disulfonate(B24DADS) additives with various blocks of polar sulfonate group, Lewis basic aldehyde groups, and hydrophobic benzene ring is proposed to regulate the solvation structure of Zn2+, construct an H2O‐poor and zincophilic dual electric layer structure, and create a passive SEI on the Zn anode surface, thus restaining dendrite growth and interfacial side reactions. Furthermore, uniform deposition mechanics of the Zn are revealed by the synergistic effect of induced deposition, additive‐derived SEI formation, and texture regulation. In addition, Na+ can also limit the growth of zinc dendrites based on electrostatic shielding mechanisms. Therefore, the multifunctional B24DADS additive grants the anode to deliver remarkable electrochemical performance. Under critical test conditions (20 mA cm−2/20 mAh cm−2), the zinc provides superior long cycling (3700 h) with a low polarization voltage (0.02 V). B24DADS containing electrolyte is well matched with manganese dioxide cathode. This effort renders a promising way to explore advanced additives with unique molecular structures for addressing zinc dendrite growth and rampant side effects.
Inflammation‐Responsive Functional Core–Shell Micro‐Hydrogels Promote Rotator Cuff Tendon‐To‐Bone Healing by Recruiting MSCs and Immuno‐Modulating Macrophages in Rats
Authors: Chen Baojun , Zhao Xin , Xu Meiguang , Luo Jinlong , Bai Lang , Han Qian , Gao Yanzheng , Guo Baolin , Yin Zhanhai 
Published: November 2024

AbstractRotator cuff injuries often necessitate surgical intervention, but the outcomes are often unsatisfactory. The underlying reasons can be attributed to multiple factors, with the intricate inflammatory activities and insufficient presence of stem cells being particularly significant. In this study, an innovative inflammation‐responsive core–shell micro‐hydrogel is designed for independent release of SDF‐1 and IL‐4 within a single delivery system to promote tendon‐to‐bone healing by recruiting MSCs and modulating M2 macrophages polarization. First, a MMP‐2 responsive hydrogel loaded with IL‐4 (GelMA‐MMP/IL‐4) is synthesized by cross‐linking gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) with MMP‐2 substrate peptide. Then, the resulting core particles are coated with a shell of chitosan /SDF‐1/hyaluronic acid (CS/HA/SDF‐1) using the layer‐by‐layer electrostatic deposition method to form a core–shell micro‐hydrogel composite. The core–shell micro‐hydrogel shows sustained release of SDF‐1 and MMP‐2‐responsive release of IL‐4 associated in situ MSCs homing and smart inflammation regulation by promoting M2 macrophages polarization. Additionally, by injecting these micro‐hydrogels into a rat rotator cuff tear and repair model, notable improvements of fibrocartilage layer are observed between tendon and bone. Notably, this study presents a new and potentially powerful environment‐responsive drug delivery strategy that offers valuable insights for regulating the intricate micro‐environment associated with tissue regeneration.
Use of in situ simulation to improve team performance and utilization of a rapid sequence intubation checklist
Authors: Waters Kathleen M. , Hwu Ruth , Kulkarni Mona , Okonye Jeffrey , Zamor Ronine , Chaudhary Sofia , Jergel Andrew , Gillespie Scott , Lewis Abby , Krieger Rachel , Menon Vidya , Bell Geovonni , Levy Jacob , Prynn Tory , Regan Jacqueline , Mathai Claire , Goodwin Nandranie , Holmes Sherita 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundIntubation checklists have emerged as tools to reduce adverse events and improve efficiency during rapid sequence intubation (RSI) in pediatric emergency departments (PEDs). This study aimed to use multidisciplinary simulation (SIM) training as an educational tool to improve PED team performance during RSI scenarios through utilization of an RSI checklist.MethodsWe created a checklist modeled after previously published PED checklists. PED multidisciplinary teams participated in video‐recorded SIM training sessions involving a scenario requiring intubation three times, first without interruption then while receiving our intervention of rapid‐cycle deliberate practice (RCDP) debriefing focusing on checklist utilization and team dynamics. Learners went through the scenario once more uninterrupted to apply learned skills. Team performance was evaluated via video review using the Simulation Team Assessment Tool (STAT) focusing on airway management and human factors sections. Scores were compared before and after intervention along with pre‐ and postintervention surveys.ResultsA total of 483 learners participated in 64 SIM training sessions, 44 of whom met inclusion criteria and were included for data analysis. Scores increased postintervention for airway management, human factors and in total. Least‐squares mean differences for total, airway, and human factors scores were 9.55 (95% confidence interval [CI] 7.24–11.85), 4.22 (95% CI 2.91–5.52), and 5.33 (95% CI 3.86–6.8), respectively, which was statistically significant with p‐value of <0.001 across all categories. Surveys demonstrated improved role understanding and checklist utilization comfort postintervention.ConclusionsThis study supports the benefit of multidisciplinary SIM training with RCDP‐style methodology as an educational method for improving airway management, teamwork skills, and RSI checklist utilization for PED staff. Incorporation of additional maintenance SIM sessions for ongoing education is likely to be further beneficial and would allow evaluation of degradation of skills over time following initial training.
Synthesis of 2‐Substituted‐4,5‐Dihydrothiazol‐4‐Ols by [3+2] Annulation of 1,4‐Dithiane‐2,5‐Diol with Thioamides
Authors: Zhang Mengcheng , Chen Yuying , Liu Jiayu , Yan Xiaoyu , Huang Kexin , Ma Xiantao 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWe developed a novel method for the synthesis of 2‐substituted‐4,5‐dihydrothiazol‐4‐ols compounds through cyclization of thioamides and 1,4‐dithiane‐2,5‐diol in the presence of Et3N. Stable hydroxy‐substituted thiazole compounds were isolated of substituted thioamides. The reaction conditions are simple, the substrate range is wide, and the target compounds were obtained in up to 82 % yield.
A Detailed View on the (Re)isomerization Dynamics in Microbial Rhodopsins Using Complementary Near‐UV and IR Readouts
Authors: Asido Marvin , Lamm Gerrit H. U. , Lienert Jonas , La Greca Mariafrancesca , Kaur Jagdeep , Mayer Anne , Glaubitz Clemens , Heberle Joachim , Schlesinger Ramona , Kovalev Kirill , Wachtveitl Josef 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIsomerization is a key process in many (bio)chemical systems. In microbial rhodopsins, the photoinduced isomerization of the all‐trans retinal to the 13‐cis isomer initiates a cascade of structural changes of the protein. The interplay between these changes and the thermal relaxation of the isomerized retinal is one of the crucial determinants for rhodopsin functionality. It is therefore important to probe this dynamic interplay with chromophore specific markers that combine gapless temporal observation with spectral sensitivity.Here we utilize the near‐UV and mid‐IR fingerprint region in the framework of a systematic (time‐resolved) spectroscopic study on H+‐ (HsBR, (G)PR), Na+‐ (KR2, ErNaR) and Cl−‐(NmHR) pumps. We demonstrate that the near‐UV region is an excellent probe for retinal configuration and—being sensitive to the electrostatic environment of retinal—even transient ion binding, which allows us to pinpoint protein specific mechanistic nuances and chromophore‐charge interactions. The combination of the near‐UV and mid‐IR fingerprint region hence provides a spectroscopic analysis tool that allows a detailed, precise and temporally fully resolved description of retinal configurations during all stages of the photocycle.
The Kinetics of Carbon‐Carbon Bond Formation in Metazoan Fatty Acid Synthase and Its Impact on Product Fidelity
Authors: Gusenda Christian , Calixto Ana R. , Da Silva Joana R. , Fernandes Pedro A. , Grininger Martin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractFatty acid synthase (FAS) multienzymes are responsible for de novo fatty acid biosynthesis and crucial in primary metabolism. Despite extensive research, the molecular details of the FAS catalytic mechanisms are still poorly understood. For example, the β‐ketoacyl synthase (KS) catalyzes the fatty acid elongating carbon‐carbon‐bond formation, which is the key catalytic step in biosynthesis, but factors that determine the speed and accuracy of his reaction are still unclear. Here, we report enzyme kinetics of the KS‐mediated carbon‐carbon bond formation, enabled by a continuous fluorometric activity assay. We observe that the KS is likely rate‐limiting to the fatty acid biosynthesis, its kinetics are adapted to the length of the bound fatty acyl chain, and that the KS is also responsible for the fidelity of biosynthesis by preventing intermediates from undergoing KS‐mediated elongation. To provide mechanistic insight into KS selectivity, we performed computational molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. We identify positive cooperativity of the KS dimer, which we suggest to affect the conformational variability of the multienzyme. Advancing our knowledge about the KS molecular mechanism will pave the ground for engineering FAS for biotechnology applications and the design of new therapeutics targeting the fatty acid metabolism.
Dynamically Switchable Global Chirality in Racemic Polymer Systems
Authors: He Zixiang , Guo Jiaying , Wang Yuqing , Ma Haotian , Cheng Xiaoxiao , Zhang Wei 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAny polymers composed of racemic segments are obviously optically inactive and lack any chiroptical applications. Here, we present an intriguing method for precisely generating global chirality in racemic copolymer assemblies without any external asymmetrical intervention via step‐wise polymerization‐induced chiral self‐assembly (PICSA). Global supramolecular chirality of the nanoaggregates could be dynamically switched by the two diametrically opposed chiral conflict effects: “first come, first serve” effect and “late‐comer lives above” effect, which can be controlled by the precisely specified the number and sequence of enantiomeric segments. Significantly, the supramolecular stacking manners of the racemic mesogenic building units as well as the liquid crystallinity of the solvophobic core play a crucial role for the chiral communication pathway of enantiomeric mesogens. Furthermore, such switchable global chirality in racemic polymers is broadly applicable and well regulable. We propose that this research may challenge the notion that racemic systems lack optical activity while highlighting their potential applications in functional racemic polymer materials and providing insights into the evolution of racemates towards homochirality on early Earth.
Physical Isolation of Single Protein Molecules within Well‐Defined Coordination Cages to Enhance Their Stability
Authors: Ebihara Risa , Nakama Takahiro , Morishima Ken , Yagi‐Utsumi Maho , Sugiyama Masaaki , Fujita Daishi , Sato Sota , Fujita Makoto 
Published: November 2024

AbstractEncapsulation of a single protein within a confined space can lead to distinct properties compared to bulk solutions, but controlling the number of encapsulated proteins and their environment remains challenging. This study demonstrates the encapsulation of single proteins within well‐defined, tunable cavities of self‐assembled coordination cages, thereby enhancing protein stability. Within uniform cavities of size‐tunable coordination cages, 15 different proteins of varying sizes (3–6 nm in diameter) and properties (e.g., isoelectric points and hydrophobicity) were successfully confined. Various analytical techniques confirmed that the proteins maintained their secondary structures and enzymatic activities under denaturing conditions such as exposure to organic solvents, heat, and buffers. These findings suggest that such coordination cages have the potential to serve as synthetic hosts for precisely controlling protein functions within their customizable cavities.
Impact of hydrothermal aging on microstructure transformation in Poly(L‐lactide) nonwovens under tension in condition close to a living organism
Authors: Morokov Egor , Tertyshnaya Yulia , Buzanov Grigorii 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe analysis of mechanical properties and structure of bioresorbable polymer nonwoven materials is an important area of research in the medical industry, the properties and structure of which directly affect the processes of cellular activity. In this work, the processes of reorganization of the fibrous microstructure of poly(l‐lactide) nonwoven materials under uniaxial tension in a water environment were investigated. The study which included volumetric ultrasound imaging, mechanical testing, differential scanning calorimetry, X‐ray diffraction, and melting rate measurements was the first attempt to identify correlations between the mechanical behavior of fibrous meshes and changes in the supramolecular structure of the polymer during 3 months of hydrothermal aging T = 37°C. An increase in crystallinity by 4%, a shift of glass transition temperature by 4°C, and a 2 times increase in melt flow rate under hydrolysis were indicated degradation of the amorphous phase. Local degradation of the amorphous phase of fibers led to the formation of surface cracks, an increase in the number of microcracks during hydrothermal aging resulted in a decrease in the mobility of fibers in the volume of the nonwoven material and a decrease in the elasticity of the entire nonwoven material, which was revealed using the volume ultrasound imaging and optical microphotographs.
Organocatalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of C−N Atropisomers with Pyrrole, Oxindole and Succinimide Scaffold
Authors: Biswas Subhankar , Kundu Subham , Chandra Pan Subhas 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAn asymmetric synthesis of C−N atropisomers with pyrrole, oxindole and succinimide moities was developed via organocatalytic desymmetric Michael addition of 3‐pyrrolyloxindole with prochiral N‐aryl maleimides. The C−N atropisomers were obtained in acceptable yields with high diastero‐ and enantioselectivities (>20 : 1 dr, up to >99 % ee). C−N Rotational energy barrier has also been determined.
Prospective per‐target analysis of the added value of the PrecisionPoint Transperineal Access System in cognitive prostate biopsy of MRI targets
Authors: Orecchia Luca , Germani Stefano , Colalillo Gaia , Fasano Angelica , Ricci Matteo , Rosato Eleonora , Asimakopoulos Anastasios D. , Albisinni Simone , Finazzi Agrò Enrico , Manenti Guglielmo , Miano Roberto 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectivesThe objective of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic performance of perineal access cannulas tethered to a biplanar ultrasound probe in cognitive transperineal prostate biopsies of targets identified by multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) by comparing the results of the PrecisionPoint (PP) Transperineal Access System with the double‐freehand (DFH) technique.Patients and methodsAll patients who underwent cognitive transperineal prostate biopsy of mpMRI targets using the PP or DFH technique between November 2020 and September 2023 were enrolled. All data related to mpMRI target biopsies were stratified by technique, visibility in transrectal ultrasound and analysed by comparing PP versus DFH. A standardised anaesthesia protocol with 1% mepivacaine was used in all biopsies. The tolerability of the procedures was assessed using a visual analogue scale (VAS).ResultsThe number of mpMRI targets sampled was 166 in PP and 242 in DFH. In target biopsies, the PP system was associated with better diagnostic performance for clinically significant prostate cancer (Gleason score ≥3 + 4) compared to DFH for both ultrasound‐visible targets (61.4% vs. 48.0%) and non‐visible targets (41.4% vs. 14.9%) (p = 0.02). A higher rate of positive cores was obtained from targets sampled with PP (57.7% vs. 49.6%, p = 0.0002). The PP system was associated with the retrieval of significantly longer cores (p < 0.0001). There was no significant difference between the techniques regarding pain reported during the biopsy, with a median VAS of 2.7/10, although the PP device required a lower amount of anaesthetic in the periprostatic planes (4.3 ± 2.0 mL vs. 5.9 ± 1.9 mL, p < 0.0001).ConclusionThe PrecisionPoint Transperineal Access System enabled more precise and higher quality biopsies, resulting in improved histological characterisation of prostate cancer compared to the DFH approach. The use of a perineal cannula did not increase the pain perceived by patients and also required less local anaesthetic during the biopsy.
The Efficacy and Safety of Folate Receptor α‐Targeted Antibody‐Drug Conjugate Therapy in Patients With High‐Grade Epithelial Ovarian, Primary Peritoneal, or Fallopian Tube Cancers: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Kim Eun Taeg , Kim Ji Hyun , Park Eun Young , Song In Hye , Park Han Song , Park Sang‐Yoon , Lim Myong Cheol 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundAntibody‐drug conjugates (ADC) have emerged as a highly promising systemic option in the treatment of recurrent ovarian cancer. The present study aimed to evaluate the treatment efficacy of folate receptor α (FRα)‐targeting ADCs, associated treatment‐related adverse events (TRAEs), and their impact on treatment safety.MethodsWe conducted an electronic search to identify prospective trials of single‐agent ADCs targeting FRα and those combined with chemotherapy in recurrent ovarian cancer. Information regarding the objective response rate (ORR) and TRAEs was collectively analyzed, and differences in subgroups based on FRα receptor expression levels were investigated. The protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42023491151).ResultsTen studies with a total of 940 patients (859 treated with Mirvetuximab soravtansine‐gynx (MIRV)), 45 with Farletuzumab Ecteribulin (MORAb‐202), and 36 with Luveltamab Tazevibulin (STRO‐002) were included in this meta‐analysis. Based on the pooled data, the ORR of the entire cohort was 37% (95% CI: 0.30–0.43), while that of the high‐FRα expression group was 34% (95% CI: 0.26–0.42). The incidence of grade ≥ 3 adverse events was 27% (95% CI: 0.19–0.36).ConclusionFRα‐targeting ADCs, including MIRV, demonstrated definite efficacy and good safety as novel choices for second‐line and beyond treatment of advanced or recurrent ovarian cancer. Patients with high FRα expression showed ORR and PFS benefits similar to those in the overall cohort.