bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative study of papanicolaou smear and colposcopy in the evaluation of cervical lesions
Authors: Mohan Priyanka , M. Lakshmidevi , Venkatesh Shreedhar 
Published: May 2019

Background: Cervical cancer is the third most common type of cancer among females. Study aims to critically evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of colposcopy versus papanicolaou (Pap) smear in the early detection of dysplasias. Its secondary objective to correlate the findings in the evaluation of unhealthy cervix by cytology, colposcopy and colposcopy guided biopsy.Methods: This was a tertiary care teaching hospital based, prospective, cross sectional study done in Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, at Vydehi Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Bangalore, conducted on 200 women attending Gynaecology OPD.Results: PAP smear was taken for all 200 patients. 73% of smear was found to be normal, 11% showed inflammatory atypia, 9% showed low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL), 3.5% showed atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) and 3.5% showed High Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion (HSIL). Among the 200 cases studied, 38% (76/200) were diagnosed as colposcopically abnormal. Among the abnormal cases, AW areas were diagnosed in 4%. Punctate pattern of vessels was seen in 5% of women. Normal findings was present in 62%, Erosion cervix in 6%, inflammatory changes were seen in 6% and polyps were diagnosed in 7.5%, leucoplakia was found in 2% and unsatisfactory colposcopy finding was seen in 4% and underwent endocervical curettage. 32 cases out of 200 women were positive on Pap smear. 66 out of 200 women were positive on Biopsy. Pap smear was positive in 22 out of 66 biopsy proven positive cases.Conclusions: The commonest presenting complaint was vaginal discharge (182/200; 91% of the patients. the PAP smear is found to have sensitivity of 33.33% and specificity of 92.54%. colposcopy is found to have sensitivity of 81.82% and specificity of 82.84%.
A study for evaluation of two protocols comprising of clomiphene citrate, human menopausal gonadotropin with or without follicle stimulating hormone for ovulation induction in patients with infertility for intrauterine insemination
Authors: Verma Ashok , Sharma Shivani , Verma Suresh , Sharma Pankaj , Tenga Tenzin Tsamo , Chauhan Indu 
Published: May 2019

Background: To compare two protocols comprising of FSH/CC/HMG and CC/HMG for ovulation induction and IUI in women with infertility.Methods: 60 women with unexplained infertility were randomized using sequentially numbered opaque envelope method. Group A received inj FSH 150 units on day 2 of menstrual cycle and clomiphene citrate 100 mg from day 3-7, followed by injection HMG 150 units on day 9 of menstrual cycle. Group B received clomiphene citrate 100 mg from day 3-7, and HMG 150 units on day 7 and 9 of the menstrual cycle. Ovulation triggered with hCG 5000 units when dominant follicle was 18mm. Single IUI was done 36-42 hours afterwards.Results: Pregnancy occurred in 3 out of 30 women in 116 cycles Group A (with FSH) with a pregnancy rate of 10 percent, and 2.8% per cycle. In group B (without FSH) pregnancy occurred in 3 out of 30 women in 117 cycles with pregnancy rate of 10 percent, and 2.6% per cycle. The number of follicles per cycle was 1.36 and follicle size was 18.57 mm in group A. While in Group B numbers of follicles per cycle were 1.22, with average size of 18.9mm. Mean endometrial thickness was 7.7mm in Group A and 6.37 in Group B (p=.01, significant). Mild OHSS was observed in one woman in Group B. No other side effects were observed in both the groups.Conclusions: The controlled ovarian stimulation regimes used in this study are equally effective, easy to administer, require less intensive monitoring and fewer medications, with little risk of OHSS and multiple gestation.
Study of outcome of a new method of darning for repair of large and recurrent hernias
Authors: Das Dibyendu , Yadav Neelam , Jhariya Kamlesh , Minz Reena 
Published: May 2019

Background: Incisional hernia is the result of a failure of fascial tissues to heal and close following laparotomy. Laparoscopic Meshplasty is a standard method of repair but not usually done in large incisional and recurrent hernias. Recurrence after repair is common in incisional hernia and poses a significant challenge for the plastic surgeons. We describe here a technique of anatomical repair of the large incisional, and recurrent hernia by darning without using mesh, which is effective in midline, paramedian as well as transverse incisional hernias. Aims and objectives to study the outcome and efficacy of our technique of Darning in cases of large and recurrent incisional hernias without using mesh.Methods: It is a prospective non randomized study of 5 year duration in which we have studied 20 cases of either large or recurrent incisional hernia admitted in our hospital. We operated these cases by darning of the rectus sheath without tension by mattress suture by prolene no.1.Results: 20 patients underwent this repair with few minor complications and there was no recurrence for minimum period of follow of 2 years. Approximation of inner margin and separately mattress pattern darning of outer rectus sheath by prolene no.1 strengthens the repair, but do not cause complication associated with meshplasty like infection, adhesion and fistula formatioṇ.Conclusions: Our technique of darning is an extraperitoneal method of hernia repair which do not incorporate mesh and is an effective method of hernioplasty with manageable early postoperative complication. We have not seen any recurrences in follow up period.
An analysis of post traumatic leg and foot defects
Authors: G. Gopalan , S. Dhanaraju 
Published: May 2019

Background: Management of lower extremity trauma with bone and soft tissue injury is a challenging task with the aim of giving early recovery and durable good quality skin cover according to the skin defect and analyze various reconstructive options at various levels of injury. Our aim of the study is to analyze various reconstructive options for traumatic skin loss involving lower limbs especially knee and below knee, and analyze the incidence of age, sex and etiology of traumatic defects.Methods: Prospective study in our plastic surgery department in the period of 24 months, with all the cases of traumatic defects of leg and foot where included. All age and sex patients were included.Results: Most common cause for traumatic leg and foot defects are road traffic accidents followed by accidental fall and others, most commonly in males amounting 73%, children 10% and females 17%, among the skin and soft tissue defects upper and lower 1/3 leg defects are predominant. Among the soft tissue coverage split thickness skin graft dominating about 60% of cases, flaps 30% of cases, among the flaps 70% are fasciocutaneous flaps predominantly inferiorly based and 30% are muscle and musculocutaneous flaps, among the muscle predominantly soleus muscle flap was used to cover the defect.Conclusions:Road traffic accidents dominating the cause for leg and foot defects , males are more commonly affected and upper one third leg defects are predominant for soft tissue coverage split thickness skin graft are commonest procedures followed that cutaneous and muscle flaps.
Peptic perforations: comparative study of its closure (omentopexy versus figure of 8 closure)
Authors: Changole Sanjay , Soni Maheshkumar , Thakare Dattatray 
Published: May 2019

Background: Peptic ulcer perforation is one the most common and catastrophic maladies that affect mankind. The aim of this study was to compare the surgical techniques of peptic ulcer perforation closure namely omentopexy and figure of 8 stitch with reference to recovery time and complications rate.Methods: Of 80 selected patients, figure of 8 method for closure of peptic perforation was used in 40 patients and 40 by using omentopexy method. Outcomes were compared in view of postoperative recovery time and postoperative complications such as wound complications, respiratory complications, burst abdomen, septicaemia, hospital stay, death.Results: In our study it was noted that age of presentation was in elderly males with risk factors like alcohol, smoking, tobacco chewing, and NSAIDS use in decreasing order. Late presentation was associated with higher complication including one death. In figure of 8 group it was found that RT Removal was early, early oral resumption loss hospital stay in figure of 8 group than in omentopexy group. Complications such as wound complication, burst abdomen , leak, and septicaemia were more in omentopexy group than figure of 8 group. Only one death occurred in study that was in omentopexy group.Conclusions: We came to conclusion that peptic perforation is more common in males around 50 years with risk factors of smoking and alcohol. Outcomes of surgery with figure of 8 stitch were better than omentopexy with respect to oral resumptions, early discharge, less complications such as wound complications, burst abdomen leak septicaemia and death.
Head and neck non-metastatic cancer associated hypercalcemia
Authors: Lazutkin Anna , Eliashar Ron , Weinberger Jeffrey M. , Hirshoren Nir 
Published: May 2019

Cancer associated hypercalemia (CAH) is a relatively common paraneoplastic syndrome and may be associated with head and neck cancer patients. As the hypercalcemia may be life-threatening, recognition is paramount. Herein we investigate the prevalence and outcome metrics of CAH and create a proposed clinical guideline for advanced stage head and neck malignancies. We describe our experience with non-metastatic, asymptomatic persistent head and neck CAH, which resolved after surgical ablation. We have performed a literature search in the PubMed database between the years 1998-2018 using the key words "head neck", "squamous cell carcinoma", "hypercalcemia", "cancer associated hypercalcemia" and "paraneoplastic. Non-metastatic head and neck CAH generally presents in patients with advanced stage disease and is associated with poor prognosis (median survival time range 28-64 days). It may portend imminent distant spread. Most patients continue to suffer from persistent high calcium levels despite treatment. We present a patient with nodal recurrence of advanced stage IV oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma and CAH. Regional neck metastases were surgically excised, resulting in normalization of blood calcium levels. Hypercalcemia should be ruled out in all advanced head and neck cancers. Treating physicians should be aware and promptly treat severe hypercalcemia. CAH may herald advanced disease, thereby modifying treatment decisions. However, in cases where surgical ablation is feasible, it is the preferred management for achieving calcium normalization.
Ultrasound guided percutaneous catheter drainage of an appendicular perforation with large intraperitoneal abscess formation: an effective modality of management in selected cases
Authors: Das Deepak Kumar , Patra Rajat Kumar , Mishra Subhrajit , Panigrahi Sudhir Kumar 
Published: May 2019

Appendicular pathology is a very common entity and appendicular perforation can present in various forms ranging from right lower abdominal pain, fever and anorexia to frank peritonitis with endotoxaemic shock. We present a 18 year female with fever, anorexia and a large upper and mid abdominal swelling of 2 weeks duration which after admission was treated with intravenous fluids, antibiotics, analgesics and antiemetics. Her CECT abdomen and pelvis revealed a huge fluid containing cystic lesion with a perforated appendix tip and intraluminal faecolith and calculi. She underwent USG guided 10F pigtail catheter drainage of the walled off peritoneal collection on 3rd day of admission. About 700 ml of serous fluid with minimal flecks was drained within 2 hours and another 860 ml over next 3 days. The pigtail drain was removed on day 7 and she was discharged on day 9, with USG abdomen confirmation of complete disappearance of the abdominal collection. Ultrasound guided percutaneous catheter drainage of the appendicular abscess with IV antibiotics cures the patient in selected case scenario.
Desigualdade racial e fracasso escolar de estudantes negras e negros
Authors: Nascimento Ladislau Ribeiro do 
Published: May 2019

Este artigo propõe uma reflexão sobre a importância de considerarmos a desigualdade racial como fenômeno atrelado ao fracasso escolar. O texto baseia-se, principalmente, em referências produzidas na interface da psicologia com a educação. Em um primeiro momento, o fracasso escolar foi abordado como fenômeno complexo, produzido e reproduzido a partir da influência de forças engendradas nos campos político, econômico, institucional e social. Em seguida, buscou-se evidenciar conexões entre a desigualdade racial e social e a produção do fracasso escolar, e analisar a correlação entre estigma, invisibilidade e silenciamento de estudantes negras e negros. Finalmente, considerou-se a necessidade de abordarmos o problema da desigualdade racial de modo mais efetivo na compreensão e no enfrentamento do fracasso escolar.
Palavras-chave: Desigualdade Racial e Social, Relações Étnicas e Raciais, Fracasso Escolar, Educação, Psicologia Escolar e Educacional.

Racial inequality and school failure of black students
ABSTRACT. This article proposes a reflection on the importance of considering racial inequality as a phenomenon linked to school failure. The text is based mainly on references produced in the interface between psychology and education. At first, school failure was approached as a complex phenomenon, produced and reproduced from the influence of forces caused in the political, economic, social and institutional fields. Next, we sought to highlight the connections between racial and social inequality and the production of school failure, and to analyze the correlation between stigma, invisibility and silencing of black students. Finally, we considered the need to address the problem of racial inequality more effectively in understanding and coping with school failure.
Keywords: Racial and Social Inequality, Ethnic and Racial Relations, School Failure, Education, School and Educational Psychology.

Desigualdad racial y fracaso escolar de estudiantes negras y negros
RESUMEN. Este artículo propone una reflexión acerca de la importancia de considerar la desigualdad racial como fenómeno vinculado al fracaso escolar. El texto se basa principalmente en referencias producidas en la interfaz de la psicología con la educación. En un primer momento, el fracaso escolar fue abordado como un fenómeno complejo, producido y reproducido a partir de la influencia de fuerzas engendradas en los campos político, económico, social e institucional. A continuación, se buscó evidenciar conexiones entre la desigualdad racial y social y la producción del fracaso escolar, y analizar la correlación entre estigma, invisibilidad y silenciamiento de estudiantes negros. Finalmente, se consideró la necesidad de abordar el problema de la desigualdad racial de modo más efectivo en la comprensión y el enfrentamiento del fracaso escolar.
Palabras clave: Desigualdad Racial y Social, Relaciones Étnicas y Raciales, Fracaso Escolar, Educación, Psicología Escolar y Educacional.
A cerebral Arteriovenous Malformation mistakenly diagnosed as Dry Eye and Glaucoma: a case report
Authors: Shen Shuhao , Liu Xiaoyong , Chen Jian , Yang Chengyou , Shi Changzheng , Zhou Qing 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Background

To report a case of a cerebral Arteriovenous Malformation(AVM) with eye symptoms firstly and review the characteristic of this case and the main confusing point for diagnosis of such case.

Case presentation

A 58-year-old women presented to the ophthalmology clinic with 1 and an half year of right eye redness, Ocular hypertension and recurrent headache. One and a half year ago she was diagnosed as right eye dry eye and glaucoma and had received treatment according to diagnosis, however all the treatment did not lead to any improvement of redness and headache. On physical examination, it revealed dry eye and severe corkscrew hyperemia with dilated vessels in the right eye. After we consider that the symptom may be related to intracranial abnormal vessels, Computed tomography angiography and venography (CTA+CTV) were performed and the results showed an arteriovenous malformation (AVM) of right parietal-occipital area in the brain. The AVM was definitely located by the further examination of Digital subtraction angiography (DSA). After the AVM endovascular embolism treatment, the conjunctival congestion of the right eye was significantly relieved and the intraocular pressure was decreased to normal.

Conclusion

In clinical practice, when found corkscrew hyperemia accompanied by neurological symptoms, it might be considered as a result from cerebral vessels diseases, so in this case ophthalmologists diagnosis should combine disease history and imaging examination.
Central nervous system vasculopathy caused by Fabry disease: a case report
Authors: Kong De-Zheng , Lian Ya-Hui , Wang Lin-Jing , Wang Chun-Mei , Meng Yang-Yang , Zhou Hong-Wei 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Background:
Fabry disease is rare, and the diagnosis is often delayed. Here, we describe a case of Fabry disease resulting in vasculopathy of the central nervous system. Magnetic resonance (MR) black-blood sequence (three-dimensional T1 volumetric isotropic turbo spin echo acquisition), with the unique advantage of imaging the vascular wall, facilitated a clear identification of the vasculopathy.
Case presentation:
A 27-year-old man visited our hospital for the treatment of " double vision 6d." After a series of examinations, the patient was diagnosed with Fabry disease, which caused vasculopathy of the central nervous system. Subsequently, the patient was treated with corticosteroids and his symptoms were attenuated. Two months after the initial treatment, the initial lesion in the vascular vessel disappeared, however, a new lesion appeared. Similarly, four months after the initial treatment, although the previous lesion disappeared, a new lesion appeared.
Conclusions:
This case highlights that clinicians should use MR black-blood sequence scan in a timely manner in case of young patients with migratory lesions of brain. In case of detection of a vascular lesion in combination with other systemic lesions, the possibility of Fabry disease should be considered.
Transcriptomic and microstructural analyses in Liriodendron tulipifera Linn. reveal candidate genes involved in nectary development and nectar secretion
Authors: Liu Huanhuan , Ma Jikai , Li Huogen 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Background

Nectar is a major flower attractant and reward for insects for pollination. Liriodendron, a genus of the Magnoliaceae family, has only two relict species, L. chinense and L. tulipifera, that are considered “basal angiosperms” according to plant evolutionary history. The flowers of Liriodendron plants are insect pollinated and secrete nectar to attract pollinators. To date, the morphology and anatomy of the nectary, the mechanism of nectar secretion and the molecular mechanism involved in nectary development in Liriodendron remain poorly understood.

Methods

In this study, we examined the nectary surface cells and the change in starch in L. tulipifera by using scanning electron microscopy and periodic acid-Schiff techniques to select definitive samples for next research. Transcriptome sequencing was performed on the top and middle parts of the immature nectary and the middle parts of the mature nectary and the postsecreted nectary in L. tulipifera. We evaluated the expression profiles of 22 DEGs that were closely related to nectary development and nectar secretion for real-time quantitative PCR analysis.

Results

The L. tulipifera nectary is a starch-storing nectary and is located in the top and middle parts of L. tulipifera petals. After analyzing the RNA-seq data, we obtained 115.26 Gb clean data in 12 libraries and mapped the results to the L. chinense reference genome with 71.02%-79.77% efficiency. In total, 26,955 DEGs were identified by analyzing six different pairwise comparisons. The flavonoid biosynthesis, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, anthocyanin biosynthesis and starch and sucrose metabolism pathways were enriched and related to nectar secretion and pigment change. We identified 56 transcription factor families, and members of the TCP, Trihelix, C2H2, ERF, and MADS families changed dynamically during nectary development. Moreover, to further verify the accuracy of the RNA-seq results, we validated the expression profiles of 22 candidate genes.

Conclusions

We evaluated the nectary development and secretion process comprehensively and identified many related candidate genes in L. tulipifera. These findings suggest that the nectary may play important roles in flavonoid synthesis and petal color presentation.
Flood inundation mapping in small and ungauged basins: sensitivity analysis using the EBA4SUB and HEC-RAS modeling approach
Authors: Vojtek Matej , Petroselli Andrea , Vojteková Jana , Asgharinia Shahla 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Flood mapping is an important part of flood risk analysis and management as its result is the visualization of flood hazard in terms of flood depth and extent. However, flood mapping strongly depends on the selected modeling approach. Furthermore, model input data usually incorporate uncertainties that may vary significantly in time and space. In this study, the EBA4SUB (Event-Based Approach for Small and Ungauged Basins) hydrologic model and the one-dimensional HEC-RAS (Hydrologic Engineering Center's River Analysis System) hydraulic model were selected for evaluating their sensitivity, in terms of simulated flood area (FA) and volume (FV), to different combinations of input parameters. Results of hydrologic modeling highlight the great variation of design peak discharges which strongly influence the modeled FA and FV. The sensitivity of FA and FV to excess rainfall determination was several times larger than the sensitivity to the routing propagation for two assumed gross rainfall distributions (rectangular and Chicago), which highlights the importance of the correct estimation of soil and land use properties affecting the infiltration estimation. Moreover, the sensitivity of FA and FV to the roughness parameter was 1.5–2 times greater than the sensitivity to the cross-section parameter, yet, stressing the importance of input parameters for hydraulic modeling.
Antibiofouling polysulfone ultrafiltration membranes via surface grafting of capsaicin derivatives
Authors: Wang Qun , Wang Jian , Gao Xueli , Yu Hui , Ma Zhun , Zhang Yushan , Gao Congjie 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Biofouling is a critical issue in the membrane separation process as it can increase the operational cost by lower down membrane permeability. Covalent binding of an antibacterial agent on the membrane surface to kill microorganisms to hinder biofouling formation process draws great attention. In this study, we used three kinds of capsaicin derivatives, MBHBA, HMBA, and HMOBA, to fabricate antibiofouling membrane via UV-assisted photo grafting method. The influence of these capsaicin derivatives on membrane properties was investigated and compared. The results suggest that HMBA showed the best UV activity, followed by HMOBA and MBHBA successively. Due to the difference of functional groups among capsaicin derivatives, there is an increase in membrane wettability of HMBA and HMOBA-modified membranes, while there is a decrease for MBHBA-modified membrane. MBHBA-modified membrane showed enhanced irreversible fouling, which is in contrast to that of HMBA- and HMOBA-modified membranes. The modified membranes showed similar antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli. The practicability of the modified membranes was examined by dipping them into tap water and seawater for 30 days, and the results displayed the modified surfaces have the potential to relieve biofouling for separation membranes.