bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nickel Age of High‐Temperature Superconductivity
Authors: Chow S. Lin Er , Ariando A. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractUnconventional high‐temperature superconductivity has long been a captivating puzzle in condensed matter physics. The 1987 Nobel Prize in Physics celebrated the discovery of high‐temperature superconductivity in copper oxide ceramics. Nearly four decades later, a broad class of high‐temperature superconducting oxides has yet to be demonstrated, and the fundamental understanding of the pairing mechanism remains inconclusive. Recently, nickel oxides have emerged as a new class of high‐temperature superconductors, beyond copper, where correlated phases can be controlled by doping, pressure, strain, and dimensionality. In this article, we provide our perspective on the recent developments and prospects of the nickel age of high‐temperature superconductivity.
Suppression of Hepatocyte Ferroptosis via USP19‐Mediated Deubiquitination of SLC7A11 in Ischemia‐Free Liver Transplantation
Authors: Xu Jinghong , Chen Shirui , Liu Di , Zhang Qi , Luo Tao , Zhu Jiaxing , Zhou Liang , Lin Yuan , Pan Hongyu , Chen Yichao , Zhao Qiang , Wang Tielong , Andrea Schlegel , Nashan Björn , Stefan Tullius G. , Cai Changjie , Cui Jun , He Xiaoshun , Guo Zhiyong 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIschemia‐free liver transplantation (IFLT) is developed as a novel clinical approach to avoid ischemia‐reperfusion injury (IRI). This study aims to identify the most distinguished programmed cell death pathway in grafts undergoing IFLT versus conventional liver transplantation (CLT) and to explore the underlying mechanism. Ferroptosis is the most distinct programmed cell death form between IFLT and CLT grafts. Among various cell death inhibitors, the ferroptosis inhibitor (Ferrostain‐1) is the most effective one to prevent hepatocytes from damage induced by oxygen deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R). Hepatocyte ferroptosis is significantly alleviated in IFLT versus CLT grafts in both human beings and pigs. Ubiquitination enzyme screening identifies augmented amounts of ubiquitin‐specific protease 19 (USP19) in IFLT versus CLT grafts. The upregulation of USP19 in the grafts is correlated with reduced pathological Suzuki's score, lower post‐transplant peak liver enzyme level, and less early allograft dysfunction in liver transplant recipients. USP19 overexpression mitigates post‐transplant liver injury in mice. Mechanistically, USP19 inhibits the degradation of solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11) by removing its K63‐linked ubiquitin chains. Notably, USP19 overexpression reduces ferroptosis and IRI in a SLC7A11‐dependent manner in mice. Collectively, USP19‐mediated suppression of hepatocyte ferroptosis via deubiquitinating SLC7A11 is a key mechanism by which IFLT abrogates graft IRI.
Exercise‐Activated mPFC Tri‐Synaptic Pathway Ameliorates Depression‐Like Behaviors in Mouse
Authors: Lan Tian , Li Ye , Chen Xiao , Wang Wenjing , Wang Changmin , Lou Haiyan , Chen Shihong , Yu Shuyan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractExercise is considered as playing a pivotal role in the modulation of emotional responses. However, a precise circuit that mediates the effects of exercise on depression have yet to be elucidated. Here, a molecularly defined tri‐synaptic pathway circuit is identified that correlates motor inputs with antidepressant effects. With this pathway, initial inputs from neurons within the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) project to excitatory neurons in the gracile nucleus (GR), which in turn connect with 5‐HTergic neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN), eventually coursing to excitatory pyramidal neurons within the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). Exercise activates this pathway, with the result that depressive‐ and anxiety‐like behaviors in mice are significantly reduced. In addition, it is found that exercise may exert antidepressant effects through regulating synaptic plasticity within this tri‐synaptic pathway. These findings reveal a hindbrain‐to‐forebrain neuronal circuit that specifically modulates depression and provides a potential mechanism for the antidepressant effects of exercise.
Triboelectric‐Inertial Sensing Glove Enhanced by Charge‐Retained Strategy for Human‐Machine Interaction
Authors: Yang Bo , Cheng Jia , Qu Xuecheng , Song Yuning , Yang Lifa , Shen Junyao , Bai Ziqian , Ji Linhong 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAs technology advances, human‐machine interaction (HMI) demands more intuitive and natural methods. To meet this demand, smart gloves, capable of capturing intricate hand movements, are emerging as vital HMI tools. Moreover, triboelectric‐based sensors, with their self‐powered, cost‐effective, and material various characteristics, can offer promising solutions for enhancing existing glove systems. However, a key limitation of these sensors is that charge leakage in the measurement circuit results in capturing only transient signals, rather than continuous changes. To address this issue, a charge‐retained circuit that effectively prevents triboelectric signal attenuation is developed, enabling accurate measurement of continuous finger movements. This innovation forms the foundation of a highly integrated smart glove system, enhancing HMI functionality by combining continuous triboelectric signals with inertial sensor data. The system showcases a diverse range of applications, including complex robotic control, virtual reality interaction, smart home lighting adjustments, and intuitive interface operations. Furthermore, by leveraging artificial intelligence (AI) techniques, the system achieves accurate recognition of complex sign language with an impressive 99.38% accuracy. This work presents a charge‐retained approach for continuous sensing with triboelectric‐based sensors, offering valuable insights for developing future multifunctional HMI and sign language recognition systems. The proposed smart glove system, with its dual‐mode sensing and AI integration, holds great potential for revolutionizing various domains and enhancing user experiences.
Sox6 and ALDH1A1 Truncation by Asparagine Endopeptidase Defines Selective Neuronal Vulnerability in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Nie Shuke , Li Bowei , Wang Mengmeng , Chen Zijun , Ren Jiayan , Li Zixuan , Xu Xinli , Qian Zhengjiang , Xie Zhongyun , Han Jianxin , Zhang Zhentao , Zhang Zhaohui , Zhu Yingjie , Chen Zuxin , Yang Xifei , Ye Keqiang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) demonstrate regionally selective susceptibility in Parkinson's disease (PD) compared to those in the ventral tegmental area (VTA). However, the molecular mechanism for this distinct vulnerability remains unclear. Here, it is shown that Legumain, also known as asparagine endopeptidase (AEP), is activated in a subgroup of SRY‐box transcription factor 6 /Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family member A1, (Sox6+/ALDH1A1+) neurons in the ventral tier of the SNpc and cleaves Sox6 and ALDH1A1, leading to repression of Special AT‐rich sequence binding protein 1 (Satb1) that is a dimeric/tetrameric transcription factor specifically binding to AT‐rich DNA sequences, and toxic dopamine metabolite accumulation. AEP cuts Sox6 and ALDH1A1 in dopaminergic neurons that project to the locus coeruleus (LC), abolishing Sox6's transcriptive and ALDH1A1's enzymatic activities. Co‐expressing AEP‐truncated Sox6 and ALDH1A1 fragments in 3‐month‐old A53T SNCA transgenic mice accelerates dopamine degeneration, whereas expressing AEP‐resistant Sox6 N336A/N446A and ALDH1A1 N220A mutants alleviates rotenone‐induced PD pathologies. Hence, different circuitries and intrinsic properties of dopaminergic neurons in the SNpc and VTA render differential predispositions in PD.
Ruthenium(II) Lipid‐Mimics Drive Lipid Phase Separation to Arouse Autophagy‐Ferroptosis Cascade for Photoimmunotherapy
Authors: Zheng Yue , Wang Wen‐Jin , Chen Jing‐Xin , Peng Kun , Chen Xiao‐Xiao , Shen Qing‐Hua , Liang Bing‐Bing , Mao Zong‐Wan , Tan Cai‐Ping 
Published: November 2024

AbstractLipid‐mediated phase separation is crucial for the formation of lipophilic spontaneous domain to regulate lipid metabolism and homeostasis, furtherly contributing to multiple cell death pathways. Herein, a series of Ru(II) lipid‐mimics based on short chains or midchain lipids are developed. Among them, Ru‐LipM with two dodecyl chains significantly induces natural lipid phase separation via hydrocarbon chain‐melting phase transitions. Accompanied by the aggregation of Ru‐LipM‐labeled lipophilic membrane‐less compartments, most polyunsaturated lipids are increased and the autophagic flux is retarded with the adaptor protein sequestosome 1 (p62). Upon low‐dose irradiation, Ru‐LipM further drives ferritinophagy, providing an additional source of labile iron and rendering cells more sensitive to ferroptosis. Meanwhile, the peroxidation of polyunsaturated lipids occurs due to the deactivation of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and the overexpression of acyl‐CoA synthetase long‐chain family member 4 (ACSL4), leading to the immunogenic ferroptosis. Ultimately, both innate and adaptive immunity are invigorated, indicating the tremendous antitumor capability of Ru‐LipM in vivo. This study presents an unprecedented discovery of small molecules capable of inducing and monitoring lipid phase separation, thereby eliciting robust immune responses in living cells. It provides a biosimulation strategy for constructing efficient metal‐based immune activators.
Impact of cultural control practices and fertilization on snail abundance and peanut yield
Authors: Calixto E. S. , Singh H. , Paula‐Moraes Silvana V. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe invasive land snail Bulimulus bonariensis has become a significant pest in the Southern United States. This pest poses a threat to various crops, including cotton, citrus, and peanut, leading to potential yield losses, irrigation issues, and food contamination. This study investigated the effects of tillage and calcium fertilization on snail populations in peanut. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with four plot replications using the peanut cultivar Georgia 12Y. Treatments combined tillage methods with dolomitic lime or gypsum fertilization. The results showed that conventional tillage with the addition of dolomitic lime significantly reduced the number of snails compared to tillage plus gypsum, no‐tillage plus dolomitic lime, and no‐tillage plus gypsum. A slight increase in yield was noted in plots with tillage and gypsum application. These findings highlight the potential of tillage, especially when combined with dolomitic lime, as an effective strategy for managing B. bonariensis in peanut.Core Ideas
The invasive snail, Bulimulus bonariensis, poses a significant economic threat to peanut crops in Southeastern United States.
Tillage has been shown to significantly decrease adult snail population in peanut.
Conventional tillage combined with dolomitic lime reduced snail populations compared to other treatments.
Leadership training in emergency medicine: A national survey
Authors: Palmer Shea , Rodrigues Amorim Adegboye Amanda , Hooper Gareth , Khan Aanika , Leech Caroline , Moore Amanda , Pawar Bhupinder , Szczepura Ala , Turner Chris , Kneafsey Rosie 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundEmergency medicine (EM) is a uniquely stressful environment in which leadership training could improve individual and team performance, patient outcomes, well‐being, and EM career intentions. The primary aim was to evaluate EM‐specific leadership training (EMLeaders) compared to no leadership training. A secondary comparison was with other forms of leadership training.MethodsAn online survey was distributed to Royal College of Emergency Medicine (RCEM) members in England. Three groups were recruited: those who reported receiving EMLeaders training, no training, and other training. Information was collected on group demographics, job roles, responses to 14 leadership knowledge and skills items, well‐being at work, and EM career intentions.ResultsA total of 417 responders (177 EMLeaders, 148 no training, 92 other training) were largely representative of RCEM members, although the EMLeaders group were at less senior career grades. Although all groups provided generally positive responses, EMLeaders demonstrated more positive ratings for seven of 14 leadership items relative to no training (all p < 0.05): knowledge about clinical leadership, application of clinical leadership, empowerment to make decisions, managing the emergency department environment, ability to influence the EM environment, confidence in leadership, and confidence in facilitating teams. The other training group demonstrated superior ratings for five of seven of the same items, except empowerment to make decisions and ability to influence the EM environment. Direct comparison of EMLeaders with other training identified ability to influence the EM environment as a unique benefit of EMLeaders (p < 0.05), while knowledge about clinical leadership favored other training (p < 0.05).ConclusionsEMLeaders improved many aspects of perceived leadership knowledge and skills, but there was little evidence of impact on well‐being or EM career intentions. EMLeaders particularly appears to enhance perceived ability to influence the EM environment. Considering that the EMLeaders group were generally earlier in their career, the findings are promising and can inform the refinement of future EM‐specific training.
Dynamic optimization of proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers considering usage‐based degradation
Authors: Schofield Landon , Paren Benjamin , Macdonald Ruaridh , Shao‐Horn Yang , Mallapragada Dharik 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWe present a techno‐economic optimization model for the design and dynamic operation of proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolyzers, for enabling cost‐effective hydrogen production. This model integrates a 0‐D model of the electrolyzer stack, process‐wide mass and energy balances, operational constraints, and an empirical relation to characterize degradation as a function of operating current density. Utilizing a decomposition‐based solution approach, the model predicts optimal electrolyzer size, operation, and necessary hydrogen storage to satisfy hydrogen demand across various technology and electricity price scenarios. Analysis for 2022 electricity prices and technology costs shows that including use‐dependent degradation raises the levelized cost of hydrogen (LCOH) from $4.56/kg to $6.60/kg and increases frequency of stack replacement (2 vs. 7 years). However, by 2030, we anticipate a significant reduction in LCOH to $2.50/kg due to lower capital expenses, leading to longer stack lifetimes and less hydrogen storage. The proposed modeling framework is adaptable to study other electrochemical systems relevant for decarbonization.
Self‐tuning moving horizon estimation of nonlinear systems via physics‐informed machine learning Koopman modeling
Authors: Yan Mingxue , Han Minghao , Law Adrian Wing‐Keung , Yin Xunyuan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn this article, we propose a physics‐informed learning‐based Koopman modeling approach and present a Koopman‐based self‐tuning moving horizon estimation design for a class of nonlinear systems. Specifically, we train Koopman operators and two neural networks—the state lifting network and the noise characterization network—using both data and available physical information. The first network accounts for the nonlinear lifting functions for the Koopman model, while the second network characterizes the system noise distributions. Accordingly, a stochastic linear Koopman model is established in the lifted space to forecast the dynamic behaviors of the nonlinear system. Based on the Koopman model, a self‐tuning linear moving horizon estimation (MHE) scheme is developed. The weighting matrices of the MHE design are updated using the pretrained noise characterization network at each sampling instant. The proposed estimation scheme is computationally efficient, as only convex optimization needs to be solved during online implementation, and updating the weighting matrices of the MHE scheme does not require re‐training the neural networks. We verify the effectiveness and evaluate the performance of the proposed method via the application to a simulated chemical process.
Synthesis of Bis(alkenyl)oligosilanes via Double Hydrosilylation and Their Structures and Photophysical Properties
Authors: Kanno Ken‐ichiro , Kajima Keisuke , Suzuki Yudai , Honma Ryuya , Kyushin Soichiro 
Published: November 2024

AbstractA series of novel bis(alkenyl)oligosilanes was synthesized via ruthenium‐catalyzed double hydrosilylation of alkynes with dihydrooligosilanes. The structural and photophysical features of the bis(alkenyl)oligosilanes were studied by X‐ray crystallography and UV and fluorescence spectra. The functional groups on the alkenyl moieties significantly affect not only their conformation and arrangement in crystals but also the UV and fluorescence spectra.
Plasma pTau217 ratio predicts continuous regional brain tau accumulation in amyloid‐positive early Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Devanarayan Viswanath , Charil Arnaud , Horie Kanta , Doherty Thomas , Llano Daniel A. , Andreozzi Erica , Sachdev Pallavi , Ye Yuanqing , Murali Leema Krishna , Zhou Jin , Reyderman Larisa , Hampel Harald , Kramer Lynn D. , Dhadda Shobha , Irizarry Michael C. ,   for the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI)
Published: November 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDThis study examines whether phosphorylated plasma Tau217 ratio (pTau217R) can predict tau accumulation in different brain regions, as measured by positron emission tomography (PET) standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR), for staging Alzheimer's disease (AD).METHODSPlasma pTau217R was measured using immunoprecipitation‐mass spectrometry. Models for predicting tau PET SUVR, developed with 144 early AD individuals using [18F]MK6240, were validated in two validation sets, VS1 (98 early AD) and VS2 (47 preclinical/early AD with a different tracer, flortaucipir (Tauvid)), all amyloid‐beta positive (Aβ+).RESULTSThe pTau217R‐based model predicted tau levels up to an SUVR of 2 in multiple brain regions, effectively assessing tau status at different tau levels with receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve areas of 0.84–0.95 in VS1 and 0.71–0.88 in VS2 (using a different tracer). It reduced PET scan needs by 65% while maintaining 95% sensitivity.DISCUSSIONPTau217R reliably predicts regional tau accumulation in early AD, reducing reliance on tau PET scans and broadening its clinical application.CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT03887455 (ClarityAD)Highlights
Developed a model using plasma pTau217R to predict tau levels across brain regions.
pTau217R model outperformed models based on clinical, MRI, and other blood biomarkers.
The model reliably predicted tau levels exceeding tau positivity and higher thresholds.
Screening with pTau217R could reduce tau PET scans by 65% at 95% sensitivity.
pTau217R model aids in disease staging and monitoring in early AD.
Pioneering Built‐In Interfacial Electric Field for Enhanced Anion Exchange Membrane Water Electrolysis
Authors: Huang Huawei , Xu Liangliang , Zuo Shouwei , Ren Yuanfu , Song Lu , Zou Chen , Wang Xingkun , Martínez Javier Ruiz , Huang Kuo‐Wei , Zhang Huabin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAs a half‐reaction in anion exchange membrane water electrolysis (AEMWE) technology, the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) at the cathode is severely hindered by the sluggish reaction kinetics involved in additional water dissociation step, which results in large overpotentials and low energy conversion efficiency. Here, we develop a nano‐heterostructure composed of ultra‐thin W5N4 shells over Ni3N nanoparticles (Ni3N@W5N4) as efficient catalysts, in which built‐in interfacial electric field (BIEF) is created owing to the distinct lattice arrangements and work functions of biphasic metal nitrides. The BIEF facilitates the electron localization around the interface and enables high valence W and more exposed binding sites in the surface W5N4 shell for accelerating the water dissociation step, ultimately leading to a remarkable reduction in the energy barriers of RDS from 1.40 eV to 0.26 eV. Theoretical calculations and operando X‐ray absorption spectroscopy analysis results demonstrated that surface W5N4 serves as the active species for HER. Moreover, the ultra‐thin shell characteristics enable the optimized W5N4 with enhanced intrinsic catalytic activity to be fully exposed as active sites. Consequently, the Ni3N@W5N4 exhibits exceptional performance in alkaline HER (60 mV@10 mA cm−2) and remarkable long‐term stability (500 mA cm−2 for 100 hours). When employed as the cathode in the AEMWE device, the synthesized Ni3N@W5N4 demonstrates stable performance for 90 hours at a current density of 1 A cm−2.
Switching Residues: Eine Plattform zur Synthese von Fidaxomicin Antibiotika
Authors: Jung Erik , Griesser Tizian , Costafrolaz Jordan , Duverger Ondine , Mattenberger Yves , Dittmann Silvia , Dorst Andrea , Major Alexander , Dailler David , Schäfle Daniel , Sievers Susanne , Brodolin Konstantin , Viollier Patrick H. , Sander Peter , Gademann Karl 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPeriphere Modifikation ist ein weit verbreiteter Ansatz zur Optimierung von Naturstoffen hinsichtlich biologischer Aktivität oder gewünschter physikochemischer Eigenschaften. Dieses Verfahren führt unweigerlich zu einer Erhöhung des Molekulargewichts, häufig begleitet von größerer Lipophilie. Umgekehrt wird die Entfernung von Strukturelementen aus Naturstoffen nicht immer toleriert: So hat sich jede Strukturkomponente als essenziell für die Wirkung des Antibiotikums Fidaxomicin (Fdx) erwiesen. In dieser Arbeit zeigen wir, dass die biologische Aktivität von Fdx‐Derivaten aufrechterhalten werden kann, wenn der Rhamnosid‐Dichlorohomoorsellinat‐Substituent von Fdx durch kleinere, polarere Bausteine ersetzt wird. Wir installierten selektiv N‐Nukleophile durch eine palladiumkatalysierte allylische Substitution am Makrozyklus von Fdx. Diese neuen Derivate wurden konzipiert, um die Bindung von Fdx an die bakterielle RNA‐Polymerase zu imitieren. Die Evaluierung gegen Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Clostridioides difficile und den Gram‐negativen Modellorganismus Caulobacter crescentus zeigte, dass die neu eingeführten Bausteine die antibiotische Aktivität wiederherstellen können, was durch enzymatische RNA‐Polymerase Assays weiter bestätigt wurde. Ausserdem haben wir die allylische Substitution mit einem organokatalysierten Noviosid‐Acylierungsprotokoll kombiniert, um die Funktionalisierung von zwei Vektoren von Fdx in derselben Reaktionssequenz zu ermöglichen. Diese Plattform erweitert den zugänglichen chemischen Raum für Fdx‐Derivate erheblich und ermöglicht die künftige Entwicklung von systemischen Fdx‐Antibiotika‐Derivaten.