bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ALK inhibition in two emblematic cases of pediatric inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor: Efficacy and side effects
Authors: Brivio Erica , Zwaan C. Michel 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThere is an increasing interest for anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) inhibitors in pediatric oncology for specific entities such as ALK‐driven inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT). IMT treatment can be challenging due to localization of the tumor and in rare cases of metastasis. When standard surgical treatment is not feasible, ALK inhibitors may play an important role, as recently reported for the first‐generation ALK inhibitors (crizotinib). However, data on the second‐generation ALK inhibitors are limited. We report two emblematic cases of IMT in pediatric patients, treated with the second‐generation ALK inhibitor ceritinib in the context of a clinical trial (NCT01742286).
The ethical climate in paediatric oncology—A national cross‐sectional survey of health‐care personnel
Authors: Pergert Pernilla , Bartholdson Cecilia , af Sandeberg Margareta 
Published: January 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo describe health‐care personnel's (HCP's) perceptions of the ethical climate at their workplace in paediatric oncology.MethodsA cross‐sectional survey was conducted using the Swedish version of the shortened Hospital Ethical Climate Survey (HECS‐S). HCP at all six paediatric oncology centres (POCs) in Sweden were invited to participate. Analysis included descriptive statistics, the Mann‐Whitney U test (differences between groups) and Spearman's rank correlation. Informed consent was assumed when the respondents returned the survey.ResultsA high response rate was achieved as 278 HCP answered the questionnaire. Medical doctors perceived the ethical climate to be more positive than registered nurses and nursing assistants. At the POC with the significantly lowest values concerning immediate manager, no significant correlation with the other items was found. At the POC with the poorest ethical climate, HCP also had the lowest perception of the possibility of practicing ethically good care.ConclusionsDifferences between centres and professional groups have been demonstrated. A negative perception of the immediate manager does not necessarily mean that the ethical climate is poor, but the manager's ability to provide the conditions for an open dialogue within the health‐care team is key to achieving an ethical climate.
Investigating the impact of self‐management behaviours on quality of life and fear of recurrence in head and neck cancer survivors: A population‐based survey
Authors: Dunne Simon , Coffey Laura , Sharp Linda , Desmond Deirdre , Cullen Claire , O'Connor Jean , O'Sullivan Eleanor , Timon Conrad , Gallagher Pamela 
Published: January 2019

AbstractObjectivesEmerging cancer‐survivorship research suggests that self‐management can lead to improved outcomes. However, research examining the impact of self‐management behaviours on quality of life (QoL) and fear of recurrence (FoR) in cancer survivors is lacking. This study investigated the relationship between self‐management behaviours and QoL and FoR following treatment for head and neck cancer (HNC).MethodsPostal surveys were sent to 734 eligible HNC survivors (ICD10 C01‐C14; C32) in the Republic of Ireland who were 12‐ to 60‐months post diagnosis. QoL and FoR were measured using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy (FACT‐G and Head and Neck Cancer Subscale) measure and Fear of Relapse/Recurrence Scale, respectively. Seven self‐management behaviours were measured using the Health Education Impact Questionnaire.ResultsThree hundred and ninety‐five HNC survivors completed surveys (50.3% response rate). After controlling for sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, self‐management behaviours accounted for 20% to 39.4% of the variance in QoL and FoR. Higher scores on positive and active engagement in life, constructive attitudes and approaches, and skill and technique acquisition were significantly associated with higher global QoL and lower FoR, whilst higher scores on positive and active engagement in life and constructive attitudes and approaches only were significantly associated with higher HNC‐specific QoL. Additionally, lower scores on self‐monitoring and insight were significantly associated with higher HNC‐specific and global QoL and lower FoR.ConclusionsThe findings highlight the potential utility of self‐management interventions promoting active problem solving, positive self‐talk, and skill acquisition amongst cancer survivors. However, increased self‐monitoring may relate to negative outcomes in HNC, a finding that warrants further investigation.
DTT–Au NCs Interact with DNA to Form Raspberry‐Like Particles
Authors: Zhang Lixia , Li Zhenhua , Jing Jiangbo , Ding Han , Chen Zhijun 
Published: January 2019

AbstractNoble metal nanoclusters (NCs) have emerged as intriguing nanomaterials with widespread interest. Previously, it was shown that dithiothreitol (DTT)‐conjugated gold nanoclusters (Au NCs) respond to copper ions in aqueous solution. Here, it is shown that these DTT–Au NCs can interact with DNA by forming raspberry‐like particles. The raspberry‐like structures protect the capped DNA from enzymatic attack and show excellent biocompatibility. Moreover, these supramolecular complexes cross the plasma membrane of yeast cells and express green fluorescent protein encoded by the DNA, suggesting that DTT–Au NCs can serve as an efficient carrier for gene delivery.
The effects of cupping therapy as a new approach in the physiotherapeutic management of carpal tunnel syndrome
Authors: Mohammadi Shirin , Roostayi Mohammad Mohsen , Naimi Sedigheh Sadat , Baghban Alireza Akbarzadeh 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackground and PurposeCupping therapy has been used widely as a safe and common method to tackle soft tissue lesions in most Asian countries, Central Europe, and parts of the United States. In this study, cupping therapy has been used for the treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), which is the most common entrapment neuropathy. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of cupping therapy on the clinical findings of patients with CTS.MethodsThis is a randomized clinical trial. For this research, a total of 56 hands with CTS were studied, aged 18–60 years, and of both genders. The participants were divided into two groups: test and control, regardless of the severity of their CTS. In the control group, 28 were treated with routine physiotherapy (transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and ultrasound), and in the test group, the other 28 were treated with routine physiotherapy with cupping therapy. The variables used to determine the effect of cupping were symptom severity scale, functional status scale, distal sensory latency, and distal motor latency. The severity of symptoms and functional status of patients was evaluated with the help of the Boston questionnaire, and the distal latency was evaluated through electromyography.ResultsThe results of study demonstrated a significant improvement in symptom severity (p = 0.006) and also a significant decrease in distal sensory latency (p = 0.007) of the test group (routine physiotherapy with cupping) as compared with the control group (routine physiotherapy).ConclusionsThe results showed that incorporation of cupping therapy in a routine physical therapy programme can reduce the severity of symptoms and improve the distal sensory disturbance of the median nerve. Therefore, it is suggested that cupping, as a convenient and low‐cost method, can be used as a complementary therapy in the treatment of CTS.
A New Fe(III)/MOF‐5(Ni) Catalyst for Highly Selective Synthesis of Catechol from Phenol and Hydrogen Peroxide
Authors: Xiang Bai‐lin , Fu Lin , Li Yongfei , Liu Yuejin 
Published: January 2019

AbstractA new Fe(III)/MOF‐5(Ni) catalyst with high hydrostability was prepared using an equal load method under room temperature, and nearly 100% selectivity for catechol and 63.2% yield of dihydroxybenzene were obtained in hydroxylation of phenol with H2O2 over Fe(III)/MOF‐5(Ni) catalyst.
Controlled Fabrication of Micropatterned Supramolecular Gels by Directed Self‐Assembly of Small Molecular Gelators
Authors: Wang Yiming , Oldenhof Sander , Versluis Frank , Shah Maulik , Zhang Kai , van Steijn Volkert , Guo Xuhong , Eelkema Rienk , van Esch Jan H. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractHerein, the micropatterning of supramolecular gels with oriented growth direction and controllable spatial dimensions by directing the self‐assembly of small molecular gelators is reported. This process is associated with an acid‐catalyzed formation of gelators from two soluble precursor molecules. To control the localized formation and self‐assembly of gelators, micropatterned poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) brushes are employed to create a local and controllable acidic environment. The results show that the gel formation can be well confined in the catalytic surface plane with dimensions ranging from micro‐ to centimeter. Furthermore, the gels show a preferential growth along the normal direction of the catalytic surface, and the thickness of the resultant gel patterns can be easily controlled by tuning the grafting density of PAA brushes. This work shows an effective “bottom‐up” strategy toward control over the spatial organization of materials and is expected to find promising applications in, e.g., microelectronics, tissue engineering, and biomedicine.
Antifragility as a design criterion for modelling dynamic systems
Authors: de Bruijn Harald , Größler Andreas , Videira Nuno 
Published: January 2019

AbstractHighly improbable events can have a substantial impact on complex socio‐economic systems and are frequently difficult to predict beforehand but easy to explain afterwards. Antifragile systems can withstand and benefit from this kind of outlier events, whereas merely robust systems cannot in any case. Yet the aim to design robust systems is almost as old as the system dynamics field itself. This research therefore aims to investigate the extent to which an antifragile system design criterion is more valuable than a robust one. By means of an extensive literature review, a simulation model was constructed, which is demonstrated to be antifragile. Comparing the antifragile and robust versions of the model shows that the former—as theorized—yields more favourable results in an environment with impactful outlier events. Implementing antifragility in systems involves the difficult task of changing policies (and, eventually, the mental models) of decision‐makers. Consequently, this research concludes that antifragility should not and cannot always be attained; its feasibility is to be assessed at the start of a system dynamics modelling project.
Beyond OLED: Efficient Quantum Dot Light‐Emitting Diodes for Display and Lighting Application
Authors: Sun Yizhe , Jiang Yibin , Sun Xiao Wei , Zhang Shengdong , Chen Shuming 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe unique features of solution‐processed quantum dots (QDs) including emission tunability in the visible range, high‐quality saturated color and outstanding intrinsic stability in environment are highly desired in various application fields. Especially, for the preparation of wide color gamut displays, QDs with high photoluminescence quantum yield are deemed as the optimal fluorescent emitter that has been utilized in the backlight for liquid crystal display. Nevertheless, the commercialization of electrically driven self‐emissive quantum dot light‐emitting diode (QLED) display is the ultimate target due to its merits of high contrast, slim configuration and compatibility with flexible substrate. Through the great efforts devoted to material engineering and device configuration, astonishing progresses have been made in device performance, giving the QLED technology a great chance to compete with other counterparts for next‐generation displays. In this review, we retrospect the development roadmap of QLED technology and introduce the essential principles in the QLED devices. Moreover, we discuss the key factors that affect the QLED efficiency and lifetime. Finally, the advances in device architectures and pixel patterning are also summarized.
Paraquat affects the differentiation of neural stem cells and impairs the function of vascular endothelial cells: a study of molecular mechanism
Authors: Huang Min , Cai Qian , Xu Yanlong , Guo Muzheng , Zhu Chendi , Li Yinyin , Wu Kexin , Zhou Zhijun , Yang Huifang 
Published: January 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the effect of paraquat (PQ) exposure on gene expression in neural stem cells as well as structures and functions of vascular endothelial cells.MethodsRNA‐Seq was used to explore the differentially expressed genes in human umbilical cord blood‐neural stem cells (HUCB‐NSCs) at different stages (eg, proliferation, early and late differentiation) in the presence of PQ. The effects of PQ on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), including cell proliferation, apoptosis, cytokines secretion, and expression of tight junction proteins, were assessed with CCK‐8, flow cytometry, ELISA, and western blot analysis, individually.ResultsA total of 53 genes were up‐regulated and 61 genes were down‐regulated in PQ treated HUCB‐NSCs, including seven genes associated with the differentiation of neural stem cells, for example, Gfap, S100B, Oct4, Gdf3, Sox1, Pax6, and Ngn1. PQ treatment significantly reduced the proliferation of HUVECs, inhibited cytokines secretion (VEGF, BFGF) and expressions of tight junction‐associated protein (Claudin 1, Occludin, ZO‐1), as well as induced significant apoptosis.ConclusionOur study suggests that PQ impairs the development of nervous system by regulating the expression of genes associated with neural stem cell differentiation, as well as the structure and function of vascular endothelial cells, which together lead to abnormality in the nervous system.
Impact of carbon source and COD/N on the concurrent operation of partial denitrification and anammox
Authors: Le Tri , Peng Bo , Su Chunyang , Massoudieh Arash , Torrents Alba , Al‐Omari Ahmed , Murthy Sudhir , Wett Bernhard , Chandran Kartik , DeBarbadillo Christine , Bott Charles , De Clippeleir Haydée 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIn this study, concurrent operation of anammox and partial denitrification within a nonacclimated mixed culture system was proposed. The impact of carbon sources (acetate, glycerol, methanol, and ethanol) and COD/NO3−‐N ratio on partial denitrification selection under both short‐ and long‐term operations was investigated. Results from short‐term testing showed that all carbon sources supported partial denitrification. However, acetate and glycerol were preferred due to their display of efficient partial denitrification selection, which may be related to their different electron transport pathways in comparison with methanol. Long‐term operation confirmed results of batch tests by showing the contribution of partial denitrification to nitrate removal above 90% after acclimation in both acetate and glycerol reactors. In contrast, methanol showed challenges of maintaining efficient partial denitrification. COD/NO3−‐N ratio mainly controlled the rate of nitrate reduction and not directly partial denitrification selection; thus, it should be used to balance between denitrification rate and anammox rate.Practitioner points

The authors aimed to investigate the impact of carbon sources and COD/NO3‐N ratio on partial denitrification selection.

All the carbon sources supported partial denitrification as long as the nitrite sink was available.

90% partial denitrification could be achieved with both acetate and glycerol in long‐term operations.

COD/NO3‐N ratio did not directly control partial denitrification but can be used to balance between denitrification rate and anammox rate.
Full simulation of disinfection stage in a water recycling plant using low‐cost, hybrid 3‐dimensional computational fluid dynamics
Authors: Issakhanian Emin , Saez Jose A. , Helmns Andrea , Nickles Cassandra 
Published: January 2019

AbstractWater purification is a crucial process in the operation of a municipality. Ensuring that water treatment plants are meeting regulatory requirements is a vital, but complicated and costly process. Because water treatment plant influent and effluent rates are demand driven, and vary both diurnally and seasonally, controlling flow rates for the disinfection stage can be challenging both operationally and economically. Thus, performing large‐scale field experiments to verify water quality regulatory criteria such as modal transport time of conservative tracers in a chlorine disinfection contact tank under extreme operating conditions can range from difficult and costly to impossible. In this paper, a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach is used to verify the compliance of a water reclamation plant disinfection stage with respect to modal time. CFD allows a large parameter space to be tested without the need to build large physical models or taking functioning systems in a treatment plant offline. This can save facilities large amounts of time and money when designing, optimizing, and developing plants or checking compliance. This paper introduces a hybrid approach of computational analysis of a water reclamation plant's chlorine contact tank in Southern California. The method uses a hybrid approach which combines three‐dimensional CFD with hydraulic grade line analysis of the open water surface. Verification cases were compared to experimental measurements at a functioning, full‐scale plant with modal contact time differences below 15%. The method was then used to predict residence time distributions (RTDs) for cases which could not be artificially induced at the plant, but represented peak flow conditions that could be expected.Practitioner points

The hybrid 3‐dimensional CFD method allows low cost simulation of the disinfection stage.

By using head loss calculations to properly define the water level at each section, a steady‐state single phase flow simulation can be run in 3D without the need to scale down geometries.

This allows for more accurate transport results and parameter studies.
Effect of pH and temperature on vinasse decolorization by lactic acid bacteria in batch processes
Authors: Wilk Marta , Krzywonos Małgorzata , Seruga Przemysław , Walaszczyk Ewa 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe waste‐free policy is part of the process of sugar production from beets in which the resulting molasses are used for ethanol production. However, during this process another byproduct, namely vinasse, is created. Therefore, there is a problem with the utilization of wastewater, which cannot be disposed to the environment without being treated. Melanoidins, caramels, and hexoses alkaline degradation products contained in the vinasse give it a dark brown color. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of the pH and the temperature on the decolorization of vinasse by lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus plantarum, L. casei, and Pediococcus parvulus). Experiments were performed in batch mode in a BioStatB bioreactor for 72 hrs. The medium consisted of 25% v/v sugar beet molasses vinasse, 77.34 gdm−3 of glucose, and 2.24 gdm−3 of yeast extract. The maximum decolorization was 25.14% and was achieved at noncontrolled pH 6.5 and at 30°C.Practitioner points

Lactobacillus plantarum, L. casei and Pediococcus parvulus showed potential for decolorization of sugar beet molasses vinasse.

Controlled pH has a negative effect on sugar beet molasses vinasse decolorization.

Toxic substances, i.e. acrylamide, 4‐methylimidazole , 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural and furfural after decolorization was not detected.

Bacteria showed high degradation potential of 2‐acetyl‐4‐(1,2,3,4)‐tetrahydroxy‐butylimidazole.
Bioprospecting for brewers: Exploiting natural diversity for naturally diverse beers
Authors: Cubillos Francisco A. , Gibson Brian , Grijalva‐Vallejos Nubia , Krogerus Kristoffer , Nikulin Jarkko 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe burgeoning interest in archaic, traditional, and novel beer styles has coincided with a growing appreciation of the role of yeasts in determining beer character as well as a better understanding of the ecology and biogeography of yeasts. Multiple studies in recent years have highlighted the potential of wild Saccharomyces and non‐Saccharomyces yeasts for production of beers with novel flavour profiles and other desirable properties. Yeasts isolated from spontaneously fermented beers as well as from other food systems (wine, bread, and kombucha) have shown promise for brewing application, and there is evidence that such cross‐system transfers have occurred naturally in the past. We review here the available literature pertaining to the use of nonconventional yeasts in brewing, with a focus on the origins of these yeasts, including methods of isolation. Practical aspects of utilizing nondomesticated yeasts are discussed, and modern methods to facilitate discovery of yeasts with brewing potential are highlighted.
Progress and Challenges for Live-Cell Imaging of Genomic Loci using CRISPR-Based Platforms
Authors: Wu Xiaotian , Mao Shiqi , Ying Yachen , Krueger Christopher J. , Chen Antony K. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Chromatin conformation, localization, and dynamics are crucial regulators of cellular behaviors. Although fluorescence in situ hybridization-based techniques have been widely utilized for investigating chromatin architectures in healthy and diseased states, the requirement for cell fixation precludes the comprehensive dynamic analysis necessary to fully understand chromatin activities. This has spurred the development and application of a variety of imaging methodologies for visualizing single chromosomal loci in the native cellular context. In this review, we describe currently-available approaches for imaging single genomic loci in cells, with special focus on clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-based imaging approaches. In addition, we discuss some of the challenges that limit the application of CRISPR-based genomic imaging approaches, and potential solutions to address these challenges. We anticipate that, with continued refinement of CRISPR-based imaging techniques, significant understanding can be gained to help decipher chromatin activities and their relevance to cellular physiology and pathogenesis.
The diagnostic accuracy of a point-of-care ultrasound protocol for shock etiology: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Stickles Sean P. , Carpenter Christopher R. , Gekle Robert , Kraus Chadd K. , Scoville Caryn , Theodoro Daniel , Tran Vu Huy , Ubiñas George , Raio Christopher 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe aim of this study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the diagnostic accuracy of a point-of-care ultrasound exam for undifferentiated shock in patients presenting to the emergency department.MethodsOvid MEDLINE, Scopus, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and research meeting abstracts were searched from 1966 to June 2018 for relevant studies. QUADAS-2 was used to assess study quality, and meta-analysis was conducted to pool performance data of individual categories of shock.ResultsA total of 5,097 non-duplicated studies were identified, of which 58 underwent full-text review; 4 were included for analysis. Study quality by QUADAS-2 was considered overall a low risk of bias. Pooled positive likelihood ratio values ranged from 8.25 (95% CI 3.29 to 20.69) for hypovolemic shock to 40.54 (95% CI 12.06 to 136.28) for obstructive shock. Pooled negative likelihood ratio values ranged from 0.13 (95% CI 0.04 to 0.48) for obstructive shock to 0.32 (95% CI 0.16 to 0.62) for mixed-etiology shock.ConclusionThe rapid ultrasound for shock and hypotension (RUSH) exam performs better when used to rule in causes of shock, rather than to definitively exclude specific etiologies. The negative likelihood ratios of the exam by subtype suggest that it most accurately rules out obstructive shock.