bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Empirical Modeling of CME Evolution Constrained to ACE/SWICS Charge State Distributions
Authors: Rivera Yeimy J. , Landi Enrico , Lepri Susan T. , Gilbert Jason A. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
It is generally accepted that coronal mass ejections (CMEs) undergo rapid heating as they are released from the Sun. However, to date, the heating mechanism remains an open question. To gain insight into the plasma heating, we derive the density, temperature, and velocity evolution of the 2005 January 9 interplanetary CME event from launch to ion freeze-in distance by examining ion distributions collected within the ejecta near the Earth. We use the Michigan Ionization Code to simulate the ion evolution and determine thermodynamic properties through an extensive iterative search that finds agreement between simulated and observed ion populations. The final results show that the ion distributions can be effectively reconstructed using a combination of ions generated within four distinct plasma structures traveling together. Three of the modeled plasma components derived originate from the prominence and the prominence–corona transition region (PCTR) structures, while a fourth plasma shares features common to the ambient corona. The absolute abundances computed for each plasma reveal that the prominence material contains photospheric composition, while the remaining PCTR and warmer plasma have coronal abundances. Furthermore, we computed an energy release rate for each plasma structure that includes the kinetic, potential, and thermal energy rates, along with the radiative cooling, thermal conduction, and adiabatic cooling rates. We found the prominence material’s energy release rate to be consistently larger compared to the other components. In future work, the energy results will be used to investigate the feasibility of a proposed heating mechanism in an effort to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the eruption process.
Solving the taxonomic identity of Pseudotomentella tristis s.l. (Thelephorales, Basidiomycota) – a multi-gene phylogeny and taxonomic review, integrating ecological and geographical data
Authors: Svantesson Sten , Larsson Karl-Henrik , Kõljalg Urmas , May Tom W. , Cangren Patrik , Nilsson R. Henrik , Larsson Ellen 
Published: April 2019

P.tristisis an ectomycorrhizal, corticioid fungus whose name is frequently assigned to collections of basidiomata as well as root tip and soil samples from a wide range of habitats and hosts across the northern hemisphere. Despite this, its identity is unclear; eight heterotypic taxa have in major reviews of the species been considered synonymous with or morphologically similar toP.tristis, but no sequence data from type specimens have been available.With the aim to clarify the taxonomy, systematics, morphology, ecology and geographical distribution ofP.tristisand its morphologically similar species, we studied their type specimens as well as 147 basidiomata collections of mostly North European material.We used gene trees generated in BEAST 2 and PhyML and species trees estimated in STACEY and ASTRAL to delimit species based on the ITS, LSU, Tef1α and mtSSU regions. We enriched our sampling with environmental ITS sequences from the UNITE database.We found theP.tristisgroup to contain 13 molecularly and morphologically distinct species. Three of these,P.tristis,P.umbrinaandP.atrofusca, are already known to science, while ten species are here described as new:P.sciastrasp. nov.,P.tristoidessp. nov.,P.umbrinascenssp. nov.,P.pinophilasp. nov.,P.alnophilasp. nov.,P.alobatasp. nov.,P.plurilobasp. nov.,P.abundilobasp. nov.,P.rotundisporasp. nov.andP.mediasp. nov.We discoveredP.rhizopunctataandP.atrofuscato form a sister clade to all other species inP.tristiss.l. These two species, unlike all other species in theP.tristiscomplex, are dimitic.In this study, we designate epitypes forP.tristis,P.umbrinaandHypochnopsisfuscataand lectotypes forAuriculariaphylacterisandThelephorabiennis. We show that the holotype ofHypochnussitnensisand the lectotype ofHypochnopsisfuscataare conspecific withP.tristis, but in the absence of molecular information we regardPseudotomentellalongisterigmataandHypochnusrhacodiumas doubtful taxa due to their aberrant morphology. We confirmA.phylacteris,TomentellabiennisandSeptobasidiumarachnoideumas excluded taxa, since their morphology clearly show that they belong to other genera. A key to the species of theP.tristisgroup is provided.We foundP.umbrinato be a common species with a wide, Holarctic distribution, forming ectomycorrhiza with a large number of host species in habitats ranging from tropical forests to the Arctic tundra. The other species in theP.tristisgroup were found to be less common and have narrower ecological niches.
O ensino contábil na perspectiva da aprendizagem baseada em problemas
Authors: Silva Francisco Felipe da , Azevedo Yuri Gomes Paiva , Araújo Aneide Oliveira 
Published: April 2019

Este estudo objetiva analisar a percepção dos mestrandos em Ciências Contábeis da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte sobre a aplicabilidade, as competências desenvolvidas e a postura docente no Problem-Based Learning (PBL) aplicado ao ensino de Contabilidade. É uma pesquisa qualitativa, descritiva, na forma de estudo de caso, cujos dados primários foram obtidos por meio de grupo focal, após a aplicação do estudo do caso “Qual é o lucro? Quer que dê quanto?”, adaptado por Benjamim Júnior (2011) para o PBL. A análise de conteúdo deu-se através da codificação aberta e axial, utilizando o Software ATLAS.ti 7®. Os resultados evidenciam que o método pode ser aplicável a diversas disciplinas do curso de Contabilidade, possibilitando a aquisição de conhecimentos interdisciplinares e da prática de mercado. O problema proposto permitiu desenvolver conhecimentos em Contabilidade Gerencial, Contabilidade Societária e Responsabilidade Social Corporativa, habilidades relacionadas com solução de problemas, análise crítica, estudo independente, trabalho autorregulado e comunicação, e atitudes de cooperação.
Evaluating the SWAT model to predict streamflow, nitrate loadings and crop yields in a small agricultural catchment
Authors: Bauwe Andreas , Kahle Petra , Lennartz Bernd 
Published: April 2019

Abstract. This study aimed to evaluate the applicability of the Soil and Water
Assessment Tool (SWAT) to predict streamflow, nitrate loadings and crop
yields for a small agricultural catchment in northeastern Germany. To this
end, a 167 ha catchment was delineated consisting of 10 hydrological
response units. Daily data for streamflow and nitrate loadings from 2004 to
2015 were used to calibrate and validate the model, while annual values for
crop yields (winter wheat, winter barley, rapeseed, maize silage) were
available. In addition, the detailed field maps provided by the local farmer
were used to implement exact crop rotations and nitrogen fertilization into
the model. Nash-Sutcliffe-Efficiencies for streamflow were 0.54 during the
calibration and 0.57 for the validation period. The modeling performance for
nitrate loadings were lower with 0.31 for the calibration and 0.42 for the
validation period. The average crop yields were reproduced well, while SWAT
failed to reproduce the inter-annual crop yield variations. A scenario
analysis revealed that a slight decrease of nitrogen fertilization leads to
significant reductions in nitrate loadings, while crop yields remained on a
high level. The outcome of the study may help practitioners to operate
according to an economic and environmental optimal N management.
Nevertheless, experimental studies with varying fertilization intensities at
catchment scale are needed to underpin the modeling results.
Technical note: Lithium isotopes in dolostone as a palaeo-environmental proxy – an experimental approach
Authors: Taylor Holly L. , Duivestein Isaac J. Kell , Farkas Juraj , Dietzel Martin , Dosseto Anthony 
Published: April 2019

Abstract. Lithium (Li) isotopes in marine carbonates have considerable
potential as a proxy to constrain past changes in silicate weathering fluxes
and improve our understanding of Earth's climate. To date the majority of Li
isotope studies on marine carbonates have focussed on calcium carbonates.
The determination of the Li isotope fractionation between dolomite and a
dolomitizing fluid would allow us to extend investigations to deep times
(i.e. Precambrian) when dolostones were the most abundant marine carbonate
archives. Dolostones often contain a significant proportion of detrital
silicate material, which dominates the Li budget; thus, pretreatment needs to
be designed so that only the isotope composition of the carbonate-associated
Li is measured. This study aims to serve two main goals: (1) to determine the
Li isotope fractionation between Ca–Mg carbonates and solution, and (2) to
develop a method for leaching the carbonate-associated Li out of dolostone
while not affecting the Li contained within the detrital portion of the rock.
We synthesized Ca–Mg carbonates at high temperatures (150 to 220 ∘C)
and measured the Li isotope composition (δ7Li) of the precipitated
solids and their respective reactive solutions. The relationship of the Li
isotope fractionation factor with temperature was obtained: 103ln⁡αprec-sol=-(2.56±0.27)106(1)/T2+(5.8±1.3) Competitive nucleation and growth between dolomite and magnesite were
observed during the experiments; however, there was no notable effect of their
relative proportion on the apparent Li isotope fractionation. We found that
Li isotope fractionation between the precipitated solid and solution is higher
for Ca–Mg carbonates than for Ca carbonates. If the temperature of a
precipitating solution is known or can be estimated independently, the above
equation could be used in conjunction with the Li isotope composition of
dolostones to derive the composition of the solution and hence make inferences about the
past Li cycle. In addition, we also conducted leaching experiments on a
Neoproterozoic dolostone and a Holocene coral. Results show that leaching
with 0.05 M hydrochloric acid (HCl) or 0.5 % acetic acid (HAc) at room temperature for 60 min
releases Li from the carbonate fraction without a significant contribution of
Li from the siliciclastic detrital component. These experimental and
analytical developments provide a basis for the use of Li isotopes in
dolostones as a palaeo-environmental proxy, which will contribute to further
advance our understanding of the evolution of Earth's surface environments.
The climate of Granada (southern Spain) during the first third of the 18th century (1706–1730) according to documentary sources
Authors: Rodrigo Fernando S. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract. The climatic information recorded by the physician
Francisco Fernández Navarrete in Granada (southern Spain) during the
first third of the 18th century is analyzed in this work. His observations
are included in the book Cielo y suelo granadino ('Sky and soil in
Granada'), and consist of qualitative comments relating climatic conditions
to illness and diseases from 1706 to 1730, as well as instrumental
observations (using an “English barometer” and a “Florentine
thermometer”) from December 1728 to February 1730. To the best of our
knowledge, these are the earliest instrumental observations recorded in
Spain. An alternative methodology to Pfister indices, based on the frequency
of extreme events, was applied to study this new set of documentary data. The
analysis shows that seasonal mean values of temperature and precipitation
during the period 1706–1730 were very similar to those of periods of similar
length at the beginning of the 20th century, such as 1906–1930. However,
some years were especially extreme, such as the dry first half of the 1720s
or the winter of 1728–1729 when a strong cold wave affected the city.
Seasonal and inter-annual variability of water column properties along the Rottnest continental shelf, south-west Australia
Authors: Chen Miaoju , Pattiaratchi Charitha B. , Ghadouani Anas , Hanson Christine 
Published: April 2019

Abstract. A multi-year ocean glider dataset, obtained along a representative cross-shelf transect
along the Rottnest continental shelf, south-west Australia, was used to characterise the
seasonal and inter-annual variability of water column properties (temperature, salinity,
and chlorophyll fluorescence distribution). All three variables showed distinct seasonal
and inter-annual variations that were related to local and basin-scale ocean atmosphere
processes. Controlling influences for the variability were attributed to forcing from two
spatial scales: (1) the local scale (due to Leeuwin Current and dense shelf water
cascades, DSWC) and (2) the basin scale (El Niño–Southern Oscillation, ENSO,
events). In spring and summer, inner-shelf waters were well mixed due to strong wind
mixing, and deeper waters (>50 m) were vertically stratified in temperature that
contributed to the presence of a subsurface chlorophyll maximum (SCM). On the inner
shelf, chlorophyll fluorescence concentrations were highest in autumn and winter. DSWCs
were also the main physical feature during autumn and winter. Chlorophyll fluorescence
concentration was higher closer to the seabed than at the surface in spring, summer, and
autumn. The seasonal patterns coincided with changes in the wind field (weaker winds in
autumn) and air–sea fluxes (winter cooling and summer evaporation). Inter-annual
variation was associated with ENSO events. Lower temperatures, higher salinity, and
higher chlorophyll fluorescence (>1 mg m−3) were associated with the El Niño
event in 2010. During the strong La Niña event in 2011, temperatures increased and
salinity and chlorophyll fluorescence decreased (<1 mg m−3). It is concluded
that the observed seasonal and inter-annual variabilities in chlorophyll fluorescence
concentrations were related to the changes in physical forcing (wind forcing, Leeuwin
Current, and air–sea heat and moisture fluxes).
Calidad de los sitios web en el sector agroalimentario ecológico y sus factores explicativos: el papel del cooperativismo
Authors: Bernal Jurado Enrique , Mozas Moral Adoración , Fernández Uclés Domingo , Medina Viruel Miguel Jesús , Puentes Poyatos Raquel 
Published: April 2019

Los objetivos de este trabajo son examinar en qué medida las empresas españolas del sector de la agricultura ecológica están aprovechando el sitio web como canal de venta, identificar los factores que explican la calidad de estas plataformas virtuales y estudiar la relación de dicha calidad sobre los rendimientos empresariales. Para ello, se ha analizado la website de las empresas de aceite de oliva ecológico españolas, la mayoría de ellas cooperativas, identificando los factores relacionados con la calidad de sus sitios web. Entre dichos factores, se ha prestado una especial atención a la influencia de la forma jurídica cooperativa. Para alcanzar estos objetivos se ha utilizado la técnica QCA (Quality Comparative Analysis) en su variante fuzzy set (fsQCA), junto con otras técnicas estadísticas. Los resultados sugieren que las empresas oleícolas ecológicas, especialmente las cooperativas, presentan una escasa calidad de sus sitios web y que esta calidad está relacionada directamente con la obtención de unos mejores ingresos de explotación. Cabe destacar, que, entre los distintos elementos utilizados para valorar la calidad del sitio web, es la información sobre responsabilidad social corporativa la que se relaciona con más intensidad con los resultados empresariales.
Crowdfunding y audiovisual de proximidad. La economía colaborativa como instrumento de desarrollo sectorial
Authors: Cantalapiedra Nieto Basilio 
Published: April 2019

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar cómo el crowdfunding aplicado a la financiación audiovisual, puede incentivar la generación de contenidos de proximidad y, apoyándose en el crowdsourcing, favorecer el desarrollo del sector audiovisual en zonas alejadas de los grandes centros de producción estatales. En un sector audiovisual como el actual, fragmentado en las audiencias y en continua evolución en cuanto a los modelos de negocio, se hace necesaria la evaluación de la idoneidad de unas estrategias de crowdfunding uniformizadas para todo tipo de productos. Igualmente, la generación de contenidos audiovisuales de proximidad dirigidos a espectadores unidos por lo geográfico y temático, puede encontrar una idónea vía de financiación y gestión a través de las plataformas de crowdfunding y de crowdsourcing. La aplicación del crowdfunding a los contenidos de proximidad debe adecuar los planteamientos del producto y las recompensas propuestas a los caracteres de dicha proximidad, mientras la práctica del crowdsourcing pone en relación a los agentes productores con el personal técnico y artístico cercano, favoreciendo el establecimiento de redes de trabajo potencialmente estables que sirvan de instrumento para el desarrollo del sector audiovisual local. Para ello se ha procedido al estudio de dos de las plataformas de crowdfunding más representativas a nivel estatal, Verkami y Lánzanos. El trabajo se centra en la tipología de los proyectos audiovisuales de proximidad, su volumen presupuestario y los aspectos utilizados tanto para su descripción como para el establecimiento de las recompensas.
Photo-hydrogen and lipid production from lactate, acetate, butyrate, and sugar manufacturing wastewater with an alternative nitrogen source byRhodobactersp.KKU-PS1
Authors: Assawamongkholsiri Thitirut , Reungsang Alissara , Sittijunda Sureewan 
Published: April 2019

Photo-hydrogen and lipid production from individual synthetic volatile fatty acids (VFAs) and sugar manufacturing wastewater (SMW) byRhodobactersp. KKU-PS1 with sodium glutamate or Aji-L (i.e., waste from the process of crystallizing monosodium glutamate) as a nitrogen source was investigated. Using individual synthetic VFAs, the maximum hydrogen production was achieved with Aji-L as a nitrogen source rather than sodium glutamate. The maximum hydrogen production was 1,727, 754 and 1,353 mL H2/L, respectively, using 25 mM of lactate, 40 mM of acetate and 15mM of butyrate as substrates. Under these conditions, lipid was produced in the range of 10.6–16.9% (w/w). Subsequently, photo-hydrogen and lipid production from SMW using Aji-L as nitrogen source was conducted. Maximal hydrogen production and hydrogen yields of 1,672 mL H2/L and 1.92 mol H2/mol substrate, respectively, were obtained. Additionally, lipid content and lipid production of 21.3% (w/w) and 475 mg lipid/L were achieved. The analysis of the lipid and fatty acid components revealed that triacyglycerol (TAG) and C18:1 methyl ester were the main lipid and fatty acid components, respectively, found inRhodobactersp. KKU-PS1 cells.
Hematological parameters in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides)with formalin-preservation: comparison between wild tournament-caught and captive-raised fish
Authors: Whitehead Michelle C. , Vanetten Chelsey L. , Zheng Yaxin , Lewbart Gregory A. 
Published: April 2019

BackgroundLargemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) are an economically important freshwater fish species that have been investigated for both the short and long-term effects of stress, secondary to angling. Limited data has been published on the hematological parameters of this species and blood sample stability is a notable limitation of hematologic field studies. A relatively novel technique using 10% neutral buffered formalin preserves heparinized whole blood and maintains blood cell stability beyond one month in striped bass. The objective of this study was to evaluate the differences in hematological parameters between tournament-caught and captive-raised largemouth bass using whole blood preservation with neutral buffered formalin.MethodsTwo populations of largemouth bass (n = 26 wild;n = 29 captive) underwent coccygeal venipuncture to collect heparinized whole blood for packed cell volume, total solids, and manual differential. Formalin preservation of heparinized whole blood facilitated manual hemocytometer analysis. Results were compared between the populations (tournament-caught, and captive-raised) with Wilcoxon rank sum test, a Hotelling’sT2test, and Bonferroni simultaneous 95% confidence intervals to determine significance.ResultsThe mean packed cell volume (44.9 ± 5.4%) and total solids (7.2 ± 1.1 g/dL) were significantly higher, while the total leukocyte count (7.08 ± 1.86 × 103/µL) was significantly lower in the wild tournament-caught population of largemouth bass, as compared to the captive-raised counterparts (PCV 34.4 ± 7.2%; TS 5.2 ± 1.0 g/dL; WBC 16.43 ± 8.37 × 103/µL). The wild population demonstrated a significantly distinct leukogram characterized by a neutropenia (24.1 ± 12.7%), lymphocytosis (67.7 ± 13.0%), and monocytopenia (8.3 ± 2.9%), while the erythrocyte and thrombocyte counts were not significantly different between populations.DiscussionNumerous factors have been demonstrated to influence hematologic parameters in fish including age, size, sex, temperature, environmental oxygen level, population density, and infection. The wild population endured stress during angling capture, live-well hypoxia, transport, and extended air exposures at weigh in, which may have caused a stress leukopenia as well as osmoregulatory dysfunction and subsequent hemoconcentration. Further evaluation of seasonal impact as well as increased sample size is warranted to enhance our understanding of largemouth bass hematology.ConclusionThis study concluded that wild largemouth bass captured via tournament angling have higher packed cell volume and total solids, and lower total leukocyte counts, compared to captive-reared individuals. Through the completion of this study, we demonstrated the successful use of 10% neutral buffered formalin to preserve heparinized whole blood for precise hemocytometer cell counts in a new teleost species, the largemouth bass.
An Accurate Implicit Quarter Step First Derivative Block Hybrid Method (AIQSFDBHM) for Solving Ordinary Differential Equations
Authors: Tumba P. , Sabo J. , Okeke A. A. , Yakoko D. I. 
Published: April 2019

The new accurate implicit quarter step first derivative blocks hybrid method for solving ordinary differential equations have been proposed in this paper via interpolation and collocation method for the solution of stiff ODEs. The analysis of the method was study and it was found to be consistent, convergent, zero-stability, We further compute the region of absolute stability region and it was found to be Aα − stable . It is obvious that, the numerical experiments considered showed that the methods compete favorably with existing ones. Thus, the pair of numerical methods developed in this research is computationally reliable in solving first order initial value problems, as the results from numerical solutions of stiff ODEs shows that this method is superior and best to solve such problems as in tables and figures.