bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Printed, Flexible Lactate Sensors: Design Considerations Before Performing On-Body Measurements
Authors: Payne Margaret E. , Zamarayeva Alla , Pister Veronika I. , Yamamoto Natasha A. D. , Arias Ana Claudia 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis work reports the process of sensor development, optimization, and characterization before the transition to on-body measurements can be made. Sensors using lactate oxidase as a sensing mechanism and tetrathiafulvalene as a mediator were optimized for sporting applications. Optimized sensors show linear range up to 24 mM lactate and sensitivity of 4.8 μA/mM which normalizes to 68 μA*cm−2/mM when accounting for surface area of the sensor. The optimized sensors were characterized 3 different ways: using commercially available reference and counter electrodes, using printed reference and counter electrodes, and using a printed reference electrode with no counter electrode. Sensors intended for measuring sweat must be selective in the presence of sweat constituents. Thus, in addition to traditional characterization in pH 7.0 buffer, we characterized sensor performance in solutions intended to approximate sweat. Sensor performance in pH 7.0 buffer solution was not reflective of sensor performance in artificial sweat, indicating that further characterization is necessary between sensor measurement in pH 7.0 buffer and on-body measurements. Furthermore, we performed enzyme activity measurements and sensor measurements concurrently in five different salts individually, finding that while NH4Cl and MgCl2 do not affect enzyme activity or sensor performance in physiologically relevant ranges of salt concentration, NaCl concentration or KCl concentration decreases enzyme activity and sensor current. On the other hand, CaCl2 induced a nonlinear change in sensor performance and enzyme activity with increasing salt concentration.
Organically interconnected graphene flakes: A flexible 3-D material with tunable electronic bandgap
Authors: Klontzas E. , Tylianakis E. , Varshney V. , Roy A. K. , Froudakis G. E. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe structural and electronic properties of molecularly pillared graphene sheets were explored by performing Density Functional based Tight Binding calculations. Several different architectures were generated by varying the density of the pillars, the chemical composition of the organic molecule acting as a pillar and the pillar distribution. Our results show that by changing the pillars density and distribution we can tune the band gap transforming graphene from metallic to semiconducting in a continuous way. In addition, the chemical composition of the pillars affects the band gap in a lesser extent by introducing additional states in the valence or the conduction band and can act as a fine band gap tuning. These unique electronic properties controlled by design, makes Mollecular Pillared Graphene an excellent material for flexible electronics.
Enrichment of Eucalyptus oil nanoemulsion by micellar nanotechnology: transdermal analgesic activity using hot plate test in rats’ assay
Authors: Aziz Zarith Asyikin Abdul , Nasir Hasmida Mohd , Ahmad Akil , Setapar Siti Hamidah Mohd , Ahmad Hafandi , Noor Mohd Hezmee Mohd , Rafatullah Mohd , Khatoon Asma , Kausar Mohd Adnan , Ahmad Irfan , Khan Shahida , Al-Shaeri Majed , Ashraf Ghulam Md 
Published: September 2019

AbstractEucalyptus globulus is an aromatic medicinal plant which known for its 1,8-cineole main pharmacological constituent exhibits as natural analgesic agent. Eucalyptus globulus-loaded micellar nanoparticle was developed via spontaneous emulsification technique and further evaluation for its analgesic efficacy study, in vivo analgesic activity assay in rats. The nanoemulsion system containing Eucalyptus-micelles was optimized at different surfactant types (Tween 40, 60 and 80) and concentrations (3.0, 6.0, 9.0, 12.0, 15.0, and 18.0 wt. %). These formulations were characterized by thermodynamically stability, viscosity, micelles particle size, pH, and morphology structure. The spontaneous emulsification technique offered a greener micelles formation in nanoemulsion system by slowly titrated of organic phase, containing Eucalyptus globulus (active compound), grape seed oil (carrier oil) and hydrophilic surfactant into aqueous phase, and continuously stirred for 30 min to form a homogeneity solution. The characterizations evaluation revealed an optimized formulation with Tween 40 surfactant type at 9.0 wt. % of surfactant concentration promoted the most thermodynamic stability, smaller micelles particle size (d = 17.13 ± 0.035 nm) formed with spherical shape morphological structure, and suitable in viscosity (≈2.3 cP) and pH value (6.57) for transdermal purpose. The in vivo analgesic activity assay of optimized emulsion showed that the transdermal administration of micellar nanoparticle of Eucalyptus globulus on fore and hind limb of rats, possessed the central and peripheral analgesic effects by prolonged the rats pain responses towards the heat stimulus after being put on top of hot plate (55 °C), with longest time responses, 40.75 s at 60 min after treatment administration. Thus, this study demonstrated that micellar nanoparticle of Eucalyptus globulus formed in nanoemulsion system could be promising as an efficient transdermal nanocarrier for the analgesic therapy alternative.
Early exercise induces long-lasting morphological changes in cortical and hippocampal neurons throughout of a sedentary period of rats
Authors: Serra Fernando Tadeu , Carvalho Andrea Dominguez , Araujo Bruno Henrique Silva , Torres Laila Brito , Cardoso Fabrizio dos Santos , Henrique Jéssica Salles , Placencia Eduardo Varejão Díaz , Lent Roberto , Gomez-Pinilla Fernando , Arida Ricardo Mario , Gomes da Silva Sérgio 
Published: September 2019

AbstractLife experiences at early ages, such as physical activity in childhood and adolescence, can result in long-lasting brain effects able to reduce future risk of brain disorders and to enhance lifelong brain functions. However, how early physical exercise promotes these effects remains unclear. A possible hypothesis is that physical exercise increases the expression of neurotrophic factors and stimulates neuronal growth, resulting in a neural reserve to be used at later ages. Basing our study on this hypothesis, we evaluated the absolute number and morphology of neuronal cells, as well as the expression of growth, proliferation and survival proteins (BDNF, Akt, mTOR, p70S6K, ERK and CREB) in the cerebral cortex and hippocampal formation throughout of a sedentary period of rats who were physically active during youth. To do this, male Wistar rats were submitted to an aerobic exercise protocol from the 21st to the 60th postnatal days (P21–P60), and evaluated at 0 (P60), 30 (P90) and 60 (P120) days after the last exercise session. Results showed that juvenile exercise increased, and maintained elevated, the number of cortical and hippocampal neuronal cells and dendritic arborization, when evaluated at the above post-exercise ages. Hippocampal BDNF levels and cortical mTOR expression were found to be increased at P60, but were restored to control levels at P90 and P120. Overall, these findings indicate that, despite the short-term effects on growth and survival proteins, early exercise induces long-lasting morphological changes in cortical and hippocampal neurons even during a sedentary period of rats.
Model-based clustering for identifying disease-associated SNPs in case-control genome-wide association studies
Authors: Xu Yan , Xing Li , Su Jessica , Zhang Xuekui , Qiu Weiliang 
Published: September 2019

AbstractGenome-wide association studies (GWASs) aim to detect genetic risk factors for complex human diseases by identifying disease-associated single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). The traditional SNP-wise approach along with multiple testing adjustment is over-conservative and lack of power in many GWASs. In this article, we proposed a model-based clustering method that transforms the challenging high-dimension-small-sample-size problem to low-dimension-large-sample-size problem and borrows information across SNPs by grouping SNPs into three clusters. We pre-specify the patterns of clusters by minor allele frequencies of SNPs between cases and controls, and enforce the patterns with prior distributions. In the simulation studies our proposed novel model outperforms traditional SNP-wise approach by showing better controls of false discovery rate (FDR) and higher sensitivity. We re-analyzed two real studies to identifying SNPs associated with severe bortezomib-induced peripheral neuropathy (BiPN) in patients with multiple myeloma (MM). The original analysis in the literature failed to identify SNPs after FDR adjustment. Our proposed method not only detected the reported SNPs after FDR adjustment but also discovered a novel BiPN-associated SNP rs4351714 that has been reported to be related to MM in another study.
Continuous photoproduction of hydrocarbon drop-in fuel by microbial cell factories
Authors: Moulin Solène , Légeret Bertrand , Blangy Stéphanie , Sorigué Damien , Burlacot Adrien , Auroy Pascaline , Li-Beisson Yonghua , Peltier Gilles , Beisson Fred 
Published: September 2019

AbstractUse of microbes to produce liquid transportation fuels is not yet economically viable. A key point to reduce production costs is the design a cell factory that combines the continuous production of drop-in fuel molecules with the ability to recover products from the cell culture at low cost. Medium-chain hydrocarbons seem ideal targets because they can be produced from abundant fatty acids and, due to their volatility, can be easily collected in gas phase. However, pathways used to produce hydrocarbons from fatty acids require two steps, low efficient enzymes and/or complex electron donors. Recently, a new hydrocarbon-forming route involving a single enzyme called fatty acid photodecarboxylase (FAP) was discovered in microalgae. Here, we show that in illuminated E. coli cultures coexpression of FAP and a medium-chain fatty acid thioesterase results in continuous release of volatile hydrocarbons. Maximum hydrocarbon productivity was reached under low/medium light while higher irradiance resulted in decreased amounts of FAP. It was also found that the production rate of hydrocarbons was constant for at least 5 days and that 30% of total hydrocarbons could be collected in the gas phase of the culture. This work thus demonstrates that the photochemistry of the FAP can be harnessed to design a simple cell factory that continuously produces hydrocarbons easy to recover and in pure form.
Os efeitos do exercício físico sobre o manejo da dor em pacientes com osteoartrose de joelho: Uma revisão sistemática com meta-análise
Authors: Rocha Thiago Casali , Ramos Plínio dos Santos , Dias Alessandra Germano , Martins Elaine Angélica 
Published: September 2019

Resumo
Objetivo O presente estudo verificou por meio de uma revisão sistemática com metanálise os efeitos de um programa de reabilitação, através de um programa de treinamento físico, para o tratamento da dor e força muscular na osteoartrose (OA) de joelho.
Métodos Foram analisados os estudos publicados entre 2008 e 2018, tendo como referência a base de dados Medline (National Library of Medicine), da qual foram selecionados 7 ensaios clínicos controlados randomizados que pontuaram acima de 8 na escala Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PeDro, na sigla em inglês), sobre programas de exercícios na melhora da dor e força muscular em paciente com OA de joelho. Foi usada a sistematização Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA, na sigla em inglês) para a elaboração desta revisão e a realização de uma metanálise com o objetivo de evidenciar matematicamente os resultados do exercício físico sobre a dor.
Resultados Os estudos incluídos na análise continham um total de 934 participantes com idade entre 40 a 73 anos, sendo que 34,90% desses eram do sexo masculino. A maioria dos conjuntos de exercícios oferecidos no tratamento da OA tiveram resultado significativamente positivo em ambos os quesitos, mas principalmente para o alívio da dor (estatisticamente significativo p < 0, 003).
Conclusão Inferimos que houve uma melhora da dor em todos os artigos que realizaram fortalecimento muscular, porém ainda há um óbice sobre os protocolos utilizados.
Avaliação clínica do tratamento cirúrgico das fraturas do terço médio da clavícula em um hospital do sul de Santa Catarina
Authors: Hehn Fernando H.S. , Bonavides Paola S.G. , Oliveira Júnior Aloir N. , Silva Helena C.G. , Back Neto Martins , Stipp Willian N. 
Published: September 2019

Resumo
Objetivo Avaliar o resultado do tratamento cirúrgico de fraturas do terço médio da clavícula.
Métodos Estudo transversal retrospectivo, em que foram avaliados 36 pacientes que sofreram fratura do terço médio da clavícula, que foram tratados cirurgicamente no período de janeiro de 2012 a fevereiro de 2017. Eles foram avaliados quanto aos tipos de fratura, idade, tabagismo, material de síntese, e escores de Constant-Murley e Modified-University of California at Los Angeles Shoulder Rating Scale (UCLA-M).
Resultados As médias dos escores de Constant-Murley e UCLA-M foram de 91,59 e 31,29, respectivamente. A idade média foi de 37,62 anos, e apresentou relação estatística com o tipo de síntese (p < 0,05), mas o material de síntese não apresentou significância com a melhora de pontuação dos escores funcionais.
Conclusão O tratamento cirúrgico ocasiona bons resultados funcionais após a fratura diafisária de clavícula, independente do traço da fratura, com baixa taxa de pseudoartrose.
Follow-up of Toxoplasmosis during Pregnancy: Ten-Year Experience in a University Hospital in Southern Brazil
Authors: Diesel Amanda Andrade , Zachia Suzana de Azevedo , Müller Ana Lúcia Letti , Perez Amanda Vilaverde , Uberti Flavio Antonio de Freitas , Magalhães José Antônio de Azevedo 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Objective To describe a population of pregnant women diagnosed with toxoplasmosis and their respective newborns, describing the hospital protocol for treatment and follow-up.
Methods Retrospective cohort of pregnant women with acute toxoplasmosis infection and risk of transplacental transmission who were sent to the Fetal Medicine Group of Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA) between - January 1, 2006 and December 31, 2016. All patients with confirmed disease were included. The diagnostic protocol and treatment were applied; a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of the amniotic fluid was used to diagnose toxoplasmosis and determine the treatment. The newborns were followed up at the pediatric outpatient clinic specializing in congenital infection. The patients who were not followed up or were not born in the HCPA were excluded.
Results A total of 65 patients were confirmed to have gestational toxoplasmosis; 40 performed amniocentesis, and 6 (15%) were identified as having positive PCR in the amniotic fluid. In five of those cases, this result associated with the gestational age defined the triple therapy during pregnancy, and in one case, it defined the monotherapy (advanced gestational age). A total of 4 of these newborns were treated from birth with triple therapy for 10 months, 1 was not treated (due to maternal refusal), and 1 progressed to death within the first 54 hours of life due to complications of congenital toxoplasmosis. Of the 34 remaining cases with a negative PCR, 33 were treated with monotherapy and 1 was treated with triple therapy (ultrasound findings); of these children, 9 (26.5%) presented negative immunoglobulin G (IgG), 24 (70.6%) presented positive IgG (but none presented positive immunoglobulin M [IgM]), and 1 (2,9%) presented alterations compatible with congenital disease and started treatment with the triple therapy soon after birth. Out of the total sample of 60 patients, among the 25 who did not perform amniotic fluid PCR, 5 were treated with triple therapy (ultrasound findings/prior treatment) and 20 patients were submitted to monotherapy; only two newborns underwent treatment for congenital toxoplasmosis. Among the 65 cases of gestational toxoplasmosis, 6 (9,2%) children had a diagnosis of congenital toxoplasmosis, and 2 patients with triple therapy felt severe adverse effects of the medications.
Conclusions The present study suggests that research on PCR screening of the amniotic fluid may be useful to identify patients with a higher potential for fetal complications, who may benefit from the poly-antimicrobial treatment. Patients with negative PCR results must continue to prevent fetal infection with monotherapy, without risk of fetal or maternal impairment.
Focal Xanthogranulomatous Pyelonephritis in Brachydactyly Mental Retardation Syndrome (2q37 Deletion Syndrome)
Authors: Akyol Onder Esra Nagehan , Ozkol Mine , Nese Nalan , Taneli Can , Cankorur Osman Orkun , Ozunan Ipek 
Published: September 2019

AbstractXanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP) is characterized by destruction of the renal parenchyma and granulomatous inflammation with lipid-laden foamy macrophages as well as inflammatory infiltration and intensive renal fibrosis. It generally occurs in adults, especially those in the fifth and sixth decades of life, but is occasionally seen in children as well. Brachydactyly mental retardation (BDMR) syndrome (OMIM 600430) is caused by a small deletion of chromosome 2q37 and is a rare condition, with roughly 100 cases reported worldwide. Here, we describe the case of a patient with deletion of chromosome 2q37, which is known as the BDMR syndrome, and XGP.
The Accuracy of Group Beta Streptococcus Rectovaginal Cultures at 35 to 37 Weeks of Gestation in Predicting Colonization Intrapartum
Authors: Hussain Farrah N. , Al-Ibraheemi Zainab , Pan Stephanie , Francis Antonia P. , Taylor Dyese , Lam Melissa Chu , Lewis Dawnette 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Objective This study aims to investigate accuracy of group beta Streptococcus (GBS) rectovaginal cultures at 35 to 37 weeks in predicting intrapartum colonization.
Study Design Institutional review board (IRB) approved prospective cohort study of 302 women from October 2015 to May 2017. Patients had the following tests for GBS: first trimester urine culture, rectovaginal culture at 35 to 37 weeks, and intrapartum rectovaginal culture. Outcomes included accuracy of 35- to 37-week GBS rectovaginal culture in detecting results intrapartum, and accuracy of first trimester urine culture in comparison to intrapartum rectovaginal cultures.
Results There was sufficient evidence of agreement between results at 35 to 37 weeks with intrapartum cultures (p = 0.001). However, agreement was weak, 11 patients (3.7%) were GBS positive intrapartum but negative at 35 to 37 weeks; and 33 patients (11%) were initially GBS positive but were negative intrapartum. Sensitivity and specificity of the 35- to 37-week culture was 69% (95% confidence interval [CI]:54–84%) and 87% (95% CI: 83–91%), respectively. There was also weak agreement between first trimester urine culture and intrapartum rectovaginal culture. Specificity for this assessment was 98% (95% CI: 97–100%) and was significantly different compared with antepartum GBS culture (p < 0.001). Accuracy between antepartum GBS rectovaginal culture and urine culture was similar (85 vs. 87%, p = 0.47).
Conclusion The 35- to 37-week GBS rectovaginal culture might be a poor predictor for intrapartum colonization.
Environmental and genetic assessment of different versions of crossing of maple and elm in the conditions of the southeast of European part Russian Federation
Authors: Iozus A P , Yu Boyko S , Zavyalov A A 
Published: September 2019

Annotation
At present, in world science and practice, hybridization is considered to be one of the promising areas, which allows obtaining material with planned and properties. There was a need to use modern methods of mathematical processing to evaluate the prospects of some variants of crossing, dividing the total phenotypic variability into genetic and ecological. The results suggest the need to continue work on hybridization, taking into account the results obtained over the past 50 years of work on breeding, seed production and for crosses to use created from the offspring of plus trees in the region of maple, elm, which have been tested by natural selection in artificial and natural plantations of the South-East of the European part of Russia in recent decades. For reproduction of the obtained high-value breeding material to use breeding greenhouses and technology «in vitro». We believe that population selection can also be promising, and both natural and artificial populations can be used, in the biocenosis of which two or three seed generations of this species are present. At the final stage, it is necessary to create hybrid forest seed plantations from the material obtained.
Structural analysis and formalization of continuous flow technologies in timber harvesting
Authors: Lozovoy V , Nikonchuk A , Nikonchuk M 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Currently, cross-cutting continuous flow lines with longitudinal or transverse feeding of tree-length are used in the forest industry. The currently used equipment requires improvement or replacement due to the rapid development of automation and increased quality requirements for roundwood assortments. We propose a method for modelling technological movements performed when bucking tree-lengths, using lines with a longitudinal feed as an example; the method is based on matrix transformations of coordinates. The modelling process is preceded by a structural analysis. We suggest that such analysis should be carried out for each structural unit of the bucking line due to the specificity of the subject of labour and equipment created with the special properties of the object of labour (tree-lengths, whole trees) in mind. This will allow us to demonstrate the influence of the properties of the object of labour (tree-lengths, whole trees) on the technological process model.
Dynamic model of contact of grain with the surface of wood
Authors: Sergeevichev A , Onegin V , Sokolova E , Kushnerev V , Sergeevichev V 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Grinding holds the specific place among other types of machining of wood caused by specific features of the occurring physical phenomena and features of the tool. When processing the mechanical, chemical, thermal, electric and accompanying those phenomena arise a multiple-point cutting tool of preparations from wood or wood materials, naturally. The mechanical phenomena are shown owing to repeated contact of an abrasive paper from the preparation processed by a surface, that is, the fissile sliding friction. These phenomena are followed by a pollution of a cutting tool, including consolidation of space between abrasive grains that reduces operability of an abrasive paper. On the basis of the conducted theoretical researches and the analysis of the removed equations for determination of critical sizes of front corner, thickness of cut and speed of cutting, it is possible to draw conclusion that all listed parameters have significant effect on the size of bearing of the processed material abrasive grain, therefore, and on intensity of emergence of contact collapses. Increase in critical thickness of a cut leads to increase in deformation of near-surface layers of the processed material, and, therefore, and to increase in depth and the number of contact destructions.