bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
KIF5A and KLC1 expression in Alzheimer’s disease: relationship and genetic influences
Authors: Hares Kelly , Miners Scott , Scolding Neil , Love Seth , Wilkins Alastair 
Published: February 2019

Background: Early disturbances in axonal transport, before the onset of gross neuropathology, occur in a spectrum of neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer’s disease. Kinesin superfamily motor proteins (KIFs) are responsible for anterograde protein transport within the axon of various cellular cargoes, including synaptic and structural proteins. Dysregulated KIF expression has been associated with AD pathology and genetic polymorphisms within kinesin-light chain-1 (KLC1) have been linked to AD susceptibility. We examined the expression of KLC1 in AD, in relation to that of the KLC1 motor complex (KIF5A) and to susceptibility genotypes. Methods: We analysed KLC1 and KIF5A gene and protein expression in midfrontal cortex from 47 AD and 39 control brains. Results: We found that gene expression of both KIF5A and KLC1 increased with Braak tangle stage (0-II vs III-IV and V-VI) but was not associated with significant change at the protein level. We found no effect of KLC1 SNPs on KIF5A or KLC1 expression but KIF5A SNPs that had previously been linked to susceptibility in multiple sclerosis were associated with reduced KIF5A mRNA expression in AD cortex. Conclusions: The findings raise the possibility that genetic polymorphisms within the KIF5A gene locus could contribute to disturbances of axonal transport, neuronal connectivity and function across a spectrum of neurological conditions, including AD.
Budgeting, Psychological Contracts, and Budgetary Misreporting
Authors: Gallani Susanna , Krishnan Ranjani , Marinich Eric J. , Shields Michael D. 
Published: February 2019

This study examines the effect of psychological contract breach on budgetary misreporting. Psychological contracts are mental models or schemas that govern how employees understand their exchange relationships with their employers. Psychological contract breach leads to feelings of violation and can occur even when employees’ economic contracts are fulfilled. We study the effects of psychological contract breach on three common types of employee participation in budgeting that differ in the degree of employees’ influence over their approved budgets. These include affirmative budgeting (full influence), consultative budgeting (moderate influence), and authoritative budgeting (low influence). When organizations communicate that employees will be involved in budgeting, employees develop psychological contracts of affirmative budgeting. If employees subsequently experience authoritative or consultative budgeting, their psychological contracts are breached. Employees who experience psychological contract breach seek redress through budgetary misreporting. Experimental results indicate that psychological contract breach partially mediates the relation between budgeting type and budgetary misreporting. Results also indicate asymmetry in the effects of psychological contract breach versus repair. Effects of breach on budgetary misreporting persist even after the breach no longer occurs. This paper was accepted by Shivaram Rajgopal, accounting. The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2018.3067 .
The Role of Individual and Organizational Expertise in the Adoption of New Practices
Authors: Greenwood Brad N. , Agarwal Ritu , Agarwal Rajshree , Gopal Anandasivam 
Published: February 2019

New information pertinent to organizational decision making, even when publicly available, may not diffuse rapidly in the form of adoption and transformation of organizational practices. In this study, we examine how different markers of expertise, each representative of human capital at both individual and organizational levels, moderates the speed of response to new information. We do so in the context of medical device utilization, viz. stents, for the treatment of stable coronary arterial disease by physicians practicing in hospitals. Results show that physicians possessing specialized expertise developed through deliberate practice adopt new guidelines significantly faster, as compared with physicians endowed with general expertise reflected in elite schooling or tenure. Furthermore, we observe significant spillovers within organizations from expertise gained through deliberate practice, indicating that physicians with expertise markers associated with deliberate practice are able to act as influential agents and help diffuse new practices within the organization. Our study thus extends the literature on both information diffusion and expertise by providing quantitative and qualitative evidence of the mechanisms at play in the adoption of new best practices. The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2018.1246 .
On a Firm’s Optimal Response to Pressure for Gender Pay Equity
Authors: Anderson David , Bjarnadóttir Margrét V. , Dezső Cristian L. , Ross David Gaddis 
Published: February 2019

We present a theory of how a rational, profit-maximizing firm would respond to pressure for gender pay equity by strategically distributing raises to reduce the pay gap between its female and male employees at minimum cost. Using formal analysis and pay data from a real employer, we show that (1) employees in low-paying jobs and whose pay-related observables are similar to those of men at the firm are most likely to get raises; (2) counterintuitively, some men may get raises, and giving raises to certain women would increase the pay gap; and (3) a firm can reduce the gender pay gap as measured by a much larger percentage than the overall increase in pay to women at the firm. We also identify the conditions under which a firm could “explain away” a gender pay gap using other pay-related observables, such as job category, as well as the conditions under which this strategy would backfire. Our paper helps explain some empirical puzzles, such as the tendency for some men to get raises after gender equity pay reviews, and yields a rich set of implications for empirical research and practice.The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2018.1248 .
Intestinal Parasitic Infestation in Children at Three Kindergartens in Medan, North Sumatera
Authors: Miraza Erliana Malik , Gani Abdul , Dj. Mardiana Karim , Lubis Iskandar Z. , Lubis Chairuddin P. 
Published: February 2019

A descriptive cross sectional study on intestinal parasitic infestation was earned out among children of three kindergartens (Methodist, Dharma Wanita and Aisyiah) in Medan.
Of 162 samples of feces examined mixed infestations with Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura was found in 14,25%, single infestations of Trichuris trichiuria in 14,2%, AScaris lumbricoides in 13,0%, H. nana in 1,2% and G. Iamblia in 0,6%.
Hookworm infestation was not found among preschool children in all of those three kindergartens.
Early Ditection of Central Nervous System Infection by C-reactive Protein Examination of Cerebrospinal Fluid
Authors: Bahtera Tjipta , Arsana Bagus Putu Ngurah , Lidwina Maria 
Published: February 2019

There are still many cases of bacterial meningitis in Indonesia. The highest morbidity rate are between 2 months until 2 years of age. The important factors that influence the success of treatment are early diagnosis and detection of the cause. C-reactive protein (=CRP) could be found in the spinal fluid of meningitis patients. The aim of this study is to judge the ability of CRP as a tool in making diagnosis as soon as possible whether there is a bacterial infection of the central nervous system and to compare it with the result of the spinal fluid culture. Also to compare the ability of it a conventional or routine examination of the spinal fluid was done.
This was a prospective study on 30 children that were admitted in the child ward of Kariadi Hospital, Semarang during the first of April until the and of july 1990. The ages of the children were between one month until 14 years, with clinical symptoms such as fever, seizure and neurological disorders. CRP examination was done with Latex Agglutination method. The result of CRP examination on spinal fluid showed that the sensitivity was 91.6% , the specificity 94.4% , the positive prediction value 91.6% and the negative prediction value 94.4%.
As a conclusion, CRP examination of spinal fluid gives better results than the conventional or routine examination in distinguishing bacterial meningitis from non bacterial meningitis.
Neurological Sequalae in Survivors of Perinatal Asphyxia
Authors: Bahtera Tjipta , Suroso Santoso , Darmanto Bambang 
Published: February 2019

Perinatal asphyxia is the most common cause of either death or severely handicapped survivors. Perinatal asphyxia can be identified by one, five, ten minutes APGAR scores less than 7. Prolonged asphyxia produce hypoxemia, acidosis, hypercapnia, thus diminishing cerebral blood flow, which in turn results in clinical patterns of Hypoxic - Ischemic Encephalopathy (HIE). The atm of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of clinical observation on newborn asphyxia to predict the presence of neurological deficits connected with blood gas analysts investigation. Thirty eight newborn babies who bad APGAR scores of less than 7 as an asphyctic newborn baby group compared with an equal number of normal babies as control group. Physical and neurological examinations were performed immediately after birth and at six months of age. Two of the 38 infants who bad perinatal asphyxia died several hours after birth. Two of the 31 of the surviving infants with a historical of perinatal asphyxia bad cerebral palsy. One of the two babies with cerebral palsy bad epilepsy. Twenty nine of the 31 of the surviving infants with a history of perinatal asphyxia with or without mild HIE showed normal neurological outcomes. All of the normal newborn babies as control showed normal neurological outcome. One infant with cerebral palsy and one infant who bad cerebral palsy with epilepsy bad a history of a severe degree of HIE and moderate degree of Hm with neonatal convulsion respectively. One of the 2 infants with cerebral palsy bad severe hypoxia and none on the infants with normal neurological outcome exhibited Pa02 less than 50 mmHg. There were no significant differences ( p > 0.05) of the Pa02 PH and base deficit between the infants with a history of asphyxia and with a history of a vigorous baby, who bad a normal outcome.
We concluded that postasphyxia encephalopathy was more accurate than a low APGAR score in predicting an adverse outcome, and the value of the Pa02 very important in predicting an encephalopathy.
Tuberculous Meningitis at the Department of Child Health Dr. Pirngadi Hospital, Medan
Authors: Damanik Margaretha , Zamzah Sri , Djayusman Mardiana K. , Marbun M. D. , Saing Bistok 
Published: February 2019

Tuberculous meningitis was studied descriptively in 167 cases (1 .19%) of 14082 hospitalized patients at the Department of Child Health Dr. Pirngadi Hospital, Medan in a period of the years 1985 to 1989.
The highest incidence was in the age group of under 3 years (46.11%) consisting 20. 78% of the stage I, 54.55% stage II, and 24.67% stage III. The youngest age was five months (2 cases) and the oldest was 14 years old (3 cases). The case fatality rate was 27.54%, they were 2.17% stage I, 32.61% stage II, and 65.22% stage III. Stage III showed higher mortality rate than stage I and II (p <0.001). The most frequent symptom was convulsion (43. 71%) followed by fever (33.53%) .
Contact with patients who bad pulmonary tuberculosis were found in 56.28%. Positive tuberculin test was found in 17.96% and pulmonary radiological abnormalities in57.48%.
The highest number oj cases (51.50%) was group with cerebrospinal fluid cell count of 101 - 500/mm · Cases which never got BCG immunization comprised 83.83%. The nutritional states on admission to the hospital were mild / moderate malnutrition in 67.07% and severe malnutrition in 32.93%.
Forced expiratory volume in 1-second and blood gas analysis in children during asthma attacks
Authors: Primashanti Dewa Ayu Dini , Purniti Putu Siadi , Windiani I Gusti Ayu Trisna 
Published: February 2019

Background Asthma is the most common chronic disease in the world, with a high incidence in children. Blood gas analysis and pulmonary function test using spirometry are recommended to evaluate the degree of asthma in children. Spirometry test is non-invasive and easier to implement compared to blood gas analysis.
Objective To evaluate for a possible correlation between forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) measured by spirometry test and blood gas analysis (pO2 and pCO2 levels) in children during an asthma attack.
Methods This cross-sectional study was done in children with asthma attacks who were admitted to Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar, Bali, between November 2016 and April 2017. Subjects underwent spirometry tests and blood gas analyses. Potential correlations between FEV1 and pO2 and pCO2 levels were analyzed by Spearman’s correlation test.
Results A total of 50 subjects, consisting of children aged 6 to 12 years, were diagnosed with asthma attacks during the study period. Subjects’ mean FEV1 level was 43.6%, mean pCO2 was 38.36 mmHg, and mean pO2 was 121.92 mmHg. There were no significant correlations between FEV1 and pCO2 level (r=0.206; P=0.152) or FEV1 and pO2 (r=0.157; P=0.277) found in this study.
Conclusion FEV1 does not correlate with pCO2 and pO2 level in children during asthma attacks.
Risk factors for relapse in pediatric nephrotic syndrome
Authors: Albar Husein , Bilondatu Fadel , Daud Dasril 
Published: February 2019

Background Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is the most common kidney disease in children and is characterized by edema, massive proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, and hyperlipidemia. High relapse rate remains a major problem in the management of this syndrome.
Objective To identify risk factors for relapse in pediatric nephrotic syndrome.
Methods This study was carried out in the Wahidin Sudirohusodo Teaching Hospital in Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia, from January to August 2017 using complete medical records of children diagnosed with NS. Subjects were divided into 2 groups: 1) relapsed NS or 2) non-relapsed NS. The following potential risk factors for relapse were analyzed using Chi-square test: age, sex, nutritional status, hypertension, serum creatinine level, and infection at the time of established diagnosis of NS.
Results A total of 142 children with NS who fulfilled the inclusion criteria aged 1.4 to 17.5 years were included in the study. Subjects were mostly boys (66.2%), with a male: female ratio of 1.95:1. The relapsed NS group had 80 cases (56.3%) and the non-relapsed NS group had 62 cases (43.7%). Statistical analysis revealed that nutritional status was a significant risk factor for relapse in pediatric nephrotic syndrome (P<0.05).
Conclusion Nutritional status is an independent risk factor for relapse in pediatric nephrotic syndrome.
Preterm infant physiological responses to music therapy: a systematic review
Authors: Liwang Ferry , Nadobudskaya Dinarda Ulf , Lestari Indah , Hendrarto Toto Wisnu 
Published: February 2019

Background Prematurity is still the leading cause of mortality and morbidity in neonates. The premature change of the environment causes stress, which leads to hemodynamic instability. Music therapy may have a positive impact on hemodynamic parameters of preterm infants in the NICU.
Objective To evaluate preterm infants’ physiological responses to music therapy in NICU setting.
Methods A systematic review was performed in 12 electronic databases from March 2000–April 2018. Our review included all English language publications on parallel or crossover RCTs of music therapy versus standard care or placebo in preterm infants. The outcomes were physiological indicators [heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), and oxygen saturation (SaO2)]. Risk of bias was assessed using the Revised Cochrane risk of bias tool for randomized trials (RoB 2.0).
Results The search yielded 20 articles on 1,148 preterm infants of gestational age 28 and 37 weeks, who received recorded music, recorded maternal/male voice or lullaby, or live music interventions in the NICU with intensity of 30–76 dB. Recorded music improved all outcomes in 6, 6, and 4 of 16 studies for HR, RR, and SaO2, respectively. Seven studies used classical music as melodic elements. However, eight studies showed no significant results on all outcomes.
Conclusion Despite the finding that music interventions demonstrate promising results in some studies, the variation in quality of the studies, age groups, outcome measures, as well as type and timing of the interventions across the studies make it difficult to draw overall conclusions about the effects of music in preterm infants.
Low peripheral oxygen saturation as a risk factor for brain abscess in children with cyanotic congenital heart disease
Authors: Firdausy Nadia Qoriah , Murni Indah Kartika , Triono Agung , Noormanto Noormanto , Nugroho Sasmito 
Published: February 2019

Background Brain abscess is a severe infection of brain parenchyma, which occurs in 25-46% of cases of uncorrected cyanotic congenital heart disease. Low arterial oxygen saturation is the main risk factor for brain abscess in children with cyanotic congenital heart disease, however, the arterial oxygen saturation test is invasive and not routinely done in our setting.
Objective To evaluate low peripheral oxygen saturation as a risk factor for brain abscess in children with cyanotic congenital heart disease.
Methods We conducted a matched, case-control study at Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta for children aged less than 18 years with cyanotic congenital heart disease, from 2010-2016. Case subjects were children with brain abscess complications. The control group had only cyanotic congenital heart disease, and were matched for age and sex to the case group. During hospitalization due to the brain abscess complication in the case group, data regarding peripheral oxygen saturation, polycythemia, pneumonia, sepsis, dental caries and restricted pulmonary blood flow were collected and compared between both groups.
Results During the study period, 18 children with cyanotic congenital heart disease had brain abscesses. This group was compared to the control group of 36 children. Bivariate analysis revealed that the lowest level of peripheral oxygen saturation (OR 0.92; 95%CI 0.85 to 0.98; P=0.02) and dental caries (OR 3.3; 95%CI 1.01 to 11.18; P=0.04) were significant risk factors for brain abscess. However, in the multivariate analysis, the only statistically significant risk factor associated with brain abscess was the lowest level of peripheral oxygen saturation (OR 0.92; 95%CI 0.86 to 0.99; P=0.04).
Conclusion Low peripheral oxygen saturation is a significant risk factor for brain abscess development in children with cyanotic congenital heart disease. A decrease of 1% peripheral oxygen saturation may increase the risk of brain abscess by 8%.
Predictors for coronary artery dilatation in Kawasaki disease
Authors: Advani Najib , Rahmadhany Anisa , Rafika Sarah 
Published: February 2019

Background Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute, self-limited, febrile illness of unknown cause that predominantly affects children below 5 years of age. It has a high incidence of coronary complications such as aneurysms. The current treatment of choice is intravenous immunoglobulin, which is costly, with aspirin. Identifying the predictive factors for coronary artery dilatation or aneurysm is important in order to establish the indications for giving immunoglobulin, especially when resources are limited.
Objective
To identify the predictors for the development of coronary artery dilatation in patients with Kawasaki disease
Methods This cross-sectional study was done between January 2003 and July 2013. Inclusion criteria were patients who fulfilled the American Heart Association criteria for acute Kawasaki disease, and had complete clinical, echocardiogram, and laboratory data [hemoglobin, leukocyte, platelet, albumin, C-reactive protein (CRP), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)]. All of them received immunoglobulin and aspirin.
Results Of 667 KD patients, 275 met the inclusion criteria. There were 185 (67%) males. Subjects’ ages varied between 1 to 157 months. The frequency of coronary artery dilatation at the acute phase was 33.3%. Multivariate analysis showed that >7-day duration of fever and hypoalbuminemia were significant predictive factors for coronary artery dilatation.
Conclusion Predictive factors for coronary artery dilatation are duration of fever over 7 days and hypoalbuminemia, while age, gender, hemoglobin level, leukocyte count, and platelet count are not. Frequency of coronary artery dilatation at the acute phase is 33.3%.
Serum creatinine levels to estimate kidney function in small-for-gestational age and appropriate-for-gestational age newborns
Authors: Sandinirwan Indra , Primadi Aris , Hilmanto Dany 
Published: February 2019

Background The main parameter used to determine renal function in newborns is serum creatinine. Fetal growth restriction during pregnancy can cause the baby to be born small-for-gestational age. Serum creatinine levels in newborns are affected by muscle mass, gestational age, as well as the number of nephrons and kidney development.
Objective To determine the usefulness of serum creatinine levels as an estimate of glomerular filtration rate in small-for-gestational age and appropriate-for-gestational age newborns.
Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in May-June 2018. The subjects were full term newborn infants consisting of small-for-gestational age and appropriate-for-gestational age groups (16 subjects each), born in Bandung City Regional Public Hospital. Serum creatinine level was tested by the Jaffe method. The estimated glomerular filtration rate was calculated based on serum creatinine, infant height, and a proportionality constant using the original Schwartz method, eGFR = [k * height]/SCr.
Results Of 32 subjects, there were 17 spontaneous deliveries, 14 males, and 18 females. Mean serum creatinine levels in the small-for-gestational age and appropriate-for-gestational age groups were 0.94 (SD 0.36; 95%CI 0.75 to 1.14) mg/dL and 0.69 (SD 0.18; 95%CI 0.60 to 0.79) mg/dL (mean difference 0.25; 95%CI 0.05 to 0.46; P=0.009), respectively. The median estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFR) in the small-for-gestational age and appropriate-for-gestational age groups were 25.69 mL/min/1.73m2 and 30.10 mL/min/1.73m2 (median difference 4.42; 95%CI 2.04 to 15.8; P=0.008), respectively. There was a weak negative correlation between serum creatinine and birth weight (r=–0.344; P=0.027).
Conclusion Serum creatinine levels in small-for-gestational age newborns are significantly higher than in appropriate-for-gestational age newborns.
Effect of magnesium sulfate on the electrochemical behavior of lead electrodes for lead acid batteries
Authors: Venkateswarlu M. , Balusamy T. , Murthy K. S. N. , Jagadish M. , Vijayanand S. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe lead acid battery technology has undergone several modifications in the recent past, in particular, the electrode grid composition, oxide paste recipe with incorporation of foreign additives into the electrodes and similarly additives added in the electrolytes to improve electrical performance of the lead acid battery. In this paper, the electrochemical behavior of the lead electrodes with different weight/volume percentages (wt./v%) of MgSO4(0.0., 0.5., 1.0., 2.0., and 5.0) added into the electrolyte have been investigated with cyclic voltammetry (CV), linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The CV profile showed better redox behavior of the lead electrodes which was attributed to the increased active surface area of the electrode. Further studies of the gas evolution found a mixed trend and a considerable drop in the impedance as observed by LSV and EIS analysis as compared to the blank electrolyte solution. The influence of a modified electrolyte on the electrochemical activity of the lead electrodes is correlated and discussed.