bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of situational simulation based on the Mini-CEX and DOPS rating scales in urology clinical training
Authors: Xu Ben , Zhang Jia-en , Ye Lin , Yuan Chang-wei 
Published: November 2024

ObjectiveThe objective of the study was to investigate the application effect of scenario simulation teaching based on the Mini-Clinical Evaluation Exercise (Mini-CEX) and direct observation of procedural skills (DOPS) rating scales in urology clinical apprenticeship training.Materials and methodsA total of 32 students from the class of 2015–2017 who completed their traineeship in the Department of Urology of our hospital were selected and divided into a research group and a routine group. Routine teaching was implemented for the trainees in the control group, while situational simulation teaching based on the Mini-CEX and DOPS scoring scales was implemented for the trainees in the research group. The Mini-CEX and DOPS scores and student satisfaction were compared at the time of admission and discharge between the two groups.ResultsAt the time of admission, there was no statistically significant difference between the Mini-CEX and DOPS scores of the two groups of trainees (p &gt; 0.05). However, at the time of discharge, the Mini-CEX and DOPS scores of the trainees in the study group were 53.21 ± 4.52 and 81.23 ± 3.57, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the conventional group (p &lt; 0.001), and the trainees in the study group’s satisfaction with teaching was (20.11 ± 2.31), which was significantly higher than that of the conventional group (p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionImplementing scenario simulation teaching based on the Mini-CEX and DOPS rating scales in urology clinical traineeship can significantly improve trainees’ surgical skills while also leading to high levels of satisfaction with the teaching method.
Four-class ASME BCI: investigation of the feasibility and comparison of two strategies for multiclassing
Authors: Kojima Simon , Kanoh Shin'ichiro 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionThe ASME (stands for Auditory Stream segregation Multiclass ERP) paradigm is proposed and used for an auditory brain-computer interface (BCI). In this paradigm, a sequence of sounds that are perceived as multiple auditory streams are presented simultaneously, and each stream is an oddball sequence. The users are requested to focus selectively on deviant stimuli in one of the streams, and the target of the user attention is detected by decoding event-related potentials (ERPs). To achieve multiclass ASME BCI, the number of streams must be increased. However, increasing the number of streams is not easy because of a person's limited audible frequency range. One method to achieve multiclass ASME with a limited number of streams is to increase the target stimuli in a single stream.MethodsTwo approaches for the ASME paradigm, ASME-4stream (four streams with a single target stimulus in each stream) and ASME-2stream (two streams with two target stimuli in each stream) were investigated. Fifteen healthy subjects with no neurological disorders participated in this study. An electroencephalogram was acquired, and ERPs were analyzed. The binary classification and BCI simulation (detecting the target class of the trial out of four) were conducted with the help of linear discriminant analysis, and its performance was evaluated offline. Its usability and workload were also evaluated using a questionnaire.ResultsDiscriminative ERPs were elicited in both paradigms. The average accuracies of the BCI simulations were 0.83 (ASME-4stream) and 0.86 (ASME-2stream). In the ASME-2stream paradigm, the latency and the amplitude of P300 were shorter and larger, the average binary classification accuracy was higher, and the average weighted workload was smaller.DiscussionBoth four-class ASME paradigms achieved a sufficiently high accuracy (over 80%). The shorter latency and larger amplitude of P300 and the smaller workload indicated that subjects could perform the task confidently and had high usability in ASME-2stream compared to ASME-4stream paradigm. A paradigm with multiple target stimuli in a single stream could create a multiclass ASME BCI with limited streams while maintaining task difficulty. These findings expand the potential for an ASME BCI multiclass extension, offering practical auditory BCI choices for users.
Long-term aerobic exercise improves learning memory capacity and effects on oxidative stress levels and Keap1/Nrf2/GPX4 pathway in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice
Authors: Wang Shiyan , Zhou Ye , Wu Yucheng , Lang Yali , Mao Yajun , Pan Guoyuan , Gao Zhenzhen 
Published: November 2024

ObjectiveTo examine the effects of long-term aerobic exercise on oxidative stress and learning memory ability of APP/PS1 mice, focusing on the hippocampal Keap1, Nrf2, HO-1, and GPX4 proteins.MethodsThirty APP/PS1 double transgenic AD mice were randomly divided into three groups: model group, short-term exercise group, and long-term exercise group, with 10 mice in each group. Male non-transgenic mice of the same age served as the control group. The groups underwent swimming training for 6 weeks and 12 weeks, respectively. After the intervention, cognitive abilities were assessed using the Morris water maze test. Hippocampal tissue samples were analyzed for changes in superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content. ROS expression was observed using dihydroethidium probe, and Keap1, Nrf2, HO-1, and GPX4 protein levels were detected by Western blot analysis.ResultsAerobic exercise significantly reduced the escape latency and increased both the time spent in the target quadrant and the number crossing the platform compared to the model group (p &lt; 0.05). In the hippocampus, aerobic exercise significantly reduced the MDA content, while significantly increased SOD activity (p &lt; 0.05). The level of ROS in the hippocampal region was significantly reduced by aerobic exercise (p &lt; 0.05), with decreased Keap1 protein expression of and increased Nrf2, HO-1, GPX4 protein expression (p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionAerobic exercise enhances memory and learning abilities, improves cognitive function, and reduces the oxidative stress levels in the hippocampus of AD mice, which involves in the activation of Keap1/Nrf2/GPX4 pathway.
Construction of a preoperative emotional state and postoperative intra-abdominal pressure based prediction model for early enteral feeding intolerance in postoperative patients with gastric cancer
Authors: Xu Yingying , Hu Qiongyuan , Pei Dandan , Zhang Yin , Zhu Huanhuan , Hui Yan , Guan Wenxian , Xu Meiling , Chen Li 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundThe incidence of enteral feeding intolerance (ENFI) in the early postoperative period is high in patients after gastric cancer resection due to the characteristics of surgical traumatic stress and changes in the physiological structure of the digestive tract, and the current evaluation of ENFI after gastric cancer resection mostly depends on the symptoms and complaints of patients after gastric cancer resection, which is lagging and subjective. Early accurate and objective prediction of the risk of early ENFI after gastric cancer resection is critical to guide clinical enteral nutrition practice.Materials and methodsThis study included 470 patients who underwent radical gastric cancer surgery at the Division of Gastric Surgery of a tertiary hospital in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, between November 2021 and October 2022. The patients were divided into a training set (n = 329) and a validation set (n = 141) in a 7:3 ratio. The predictors were first screened through Lasso regression. Subsequently, multifactorial logistic regression analysis was used to establish a model for predicting patients' early ENFI column charts after gastric cancer resection. Internal and external validation of the model were performed on the training set and validation set data, respectively, including plotting the area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and calibration curves to assess the differentiation and calibration of the prediction model. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test was also used to assess the fit of the model.ResultsThe incidence of early ENFI in postoperative patients with gastric cancer was 44.68% in the training set and 43.97% in the validation set. The final predictors entered into the model were enteral nutrition solution type (OR1 = 1.31/OR2 = 7.23), preoperative enteral nutrition pre-adaptation technique (OR = 0.29), surgical approach (OR = 2.21), preoperative Profile of Mood State-Short Form score (OR = 5.07), and intra-abdominal pressure (OR = 6.79). In the internal validation, the AUC was 0.836, the 95% CI ranged from 0.792 to 0.879, the Hosmer-Lemeshow test showed χ 2 = 4.368 and P = 0.737, the sensitivity was 0.775, and the specificity was 0.741. In the external validation, the AUC was 0.853, the 95% CI ranged from 0.788 to 0.919, the Hosmer-Lemeshow test showed χ2 = 13.740 and P = 0.089, the sensitivity was 0.785, and the specificity was 0.823.ConclusionsThe Nomogram model of early ENFI in postoperative patients with gastric cancer, constructed on the basis of Lasso-logistic regression, had good predictive efficacy and may serve as a reference for healthcare professionals to identify high-risk patients with early ENFI after gastrectomy.
Prognostic value of lymphocyte to monocyte ratio in patients with esophageal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Han Yongqi , Zheng Song , Chen Yijing 
Published: November 2024

ObjectivesTo report the largest systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate prognostic value of lymphocyte to monocyte ratio (LMR) in patients with esophageal cancer.MethodsWe conducted a systematic literature retrieval via PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane until December, 2023 for studies which evaluated the prognostic value of LMR in patients with esophageal cancer. Outcomes measured were overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), relapse-free survival (RFS), and progression-free survival (PFS).Results11 studies including 3,377 patients with esophageal cancer were included for meta-analysis. Meta-analysis demonstrated that OS (HR: 1.65; 95% CI: 1.19, 2.31; P = 0.003) and DFS (HR: 1.48; 95% CI: 1.09, 2.01; P = 0.01) were significantly shorter in the low LMR group compared with the high LMR group. In addition, meta-analysis revealed a similar PFS (HR: 1.58; 95% CI: 1.00, 2.51; P = 0.05) and RFS (HR: 1.17; 95% CI: 0.93, 1.46; P = 0.18) in the two groups. Subgroup analysis found that the predictive value of LMR for OS remained significant in resectable and unresectable esophageal cancers, and in studies with follow-up ≥24 months and &lt; 24 months. Subgroup analysis based on treatment methods found that the prognostic value of LMR was significant for both patients who received PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors and those who did not receive PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors. However, subgroup analysis based on LMR threshold found that the significance remained in studies with LMR threshold&lt;3.5 (HR: 2.09; 95% CI: 1.13, 3.87; P = 0.02) but disappeared in studies with LMR threshold ≥ 3.5 (HR: 1.39; 95% CI: 0.93, 2.07; P = 0.11).ConclusionsLow LMR is associated with poor prognosis in patients with esophageal cancer. Due to the simple availability and low cost of routine blood tests in clinical practice, LMR can be widely used to assess prognosis and construct risk prediction models for patients with esophageal cancer.Systematic review registrationPROSPERO, identifier CRD42024509796.
Recommendations for the effective use of T-cell–redirecting therapies: a Canadian consensus statement
Authors: Lancman Guido , Song Kevin , White Darrell , Crosbie Tina , Sharif Ismail , Emond Marianne , Saleem Raza Muhammad , Elias Martine , Kaedbey Rayan , Chu Michael P. 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundT-cell–redirecting therapies, such as bispecific antibodies and chimeric antigen receptor T-cells, exploit the cytotoxic capabilities of the immune system to destroy cells expressing specific surface antigens, including malignant cells. These therapies have demonstrated unprecedented rates, depth, and duration of responses in relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma. However, there are significant challenges in implementing these therapies into practice, which require multidisciplinary and multicenter coordination and significant healthcare resources to effectively manage these patients. So far, there are no Canadian guidelines for the effective implementation and use of T-cell–redirecting therapies.MethodsThis consensus statement was developed based on three advisory meetings held in March, July, and November 2023. During these meetings, a panel of Canadian subject matter experts and representation from Myeloma Canada gathered to discuss the optimal procedures for the use of T-cell–redirecting therapies in the treatment of multiple myeloma. Members of the panel performed a thorough review of randomized clinical trials, real-world data, and other current literature, and provided their up-to-date clinical experience with T-cell–redirecting therapies in Canadian practice settings. Subsequently, asynchronous working groups were appointed to develop unified criteria for patient selection, appraise referral pathways, and devise strategies for management of short-term and long-term adverse events arising from the use of T-cell–redirecting therapies in multiple myeloma.ResultsHere, we present recommendations for optimizing patient selection, referral pathways, and adverse event management in the Canadian practice setting. These recommendations are relevant for hematologists/oncologists, oncology nurses, pharmacists, nurse practitioners, physician assistants, and other providers who treat patients with multiple myeloma, as well as individuals with multiple myeloma and their care partners. These recommendations will be of interest to clinicians who treat patients with MM at community clinics and hospitals and who may be interested in referring patients for T-cell–redirecting therapy.
College students’ psychology and behavior in the context of online public opinion: a cross-sectional study in Jiangsu Province, China
Authors: Chen Xiaoqing , Wu Qi , Yin Dehui 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundWith the rapid development of the Internet and the widespread use of social media, online public opinion has profoundly impacted the psychology and behavior of college students. College students are in a crucial stage of psychological development and self-awareness, making them highly sensitive to online information and easily influenced by online public opinion.MethodsThis study employed a cross-sectional design to explore the psychological adaptation and behavioral responses of college students to online public opinion. Data were collected from a convenience sample of 2,294 college students across four universities in Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province, using an online questionnaire administered via Questionnaire Star. The study utilized three well-established scales: the Belief in a Just World (BJW) Scale, the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), and the Internet Altruistic Behavior (IAB) Scale. Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS 26.0, encompassing descriptive statistics, independent samples t-tests, ANOVA, correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression analysis, with a significance level set at p &lt; 0.05. Any responses with missing or inconsistent data were excluded from the analysis, ensuring a final effective response rate of 95.7%.ResultsAmong the 2,294 participants, 60.1% were female, 56.8% were from rural areas, and 57.4% were non-only children. Univariate analysis showed significant relationships between BJW scores and gender, family economic status, parents’ attitudes, relationships with classmates, and emotional responses to negative online content (p &lt; 0.001). CD-RISC scores were significantly related to only child status, family economic status, parents’ attitudes, relationships with classmates, and emotional responses to negative online content (p &lt; 0.05). IAB scores were significantly related to gender, grade level, family economic status, parents’ attitudes, relationships with classmates, and emotional responses to negative online content (p &lt; 0.05). Correlation analysis revealed significant associations among BJW, CD-RISC, and IAB. Multiple regression analysis identified key predictors for each scale, including gender, parents’ attitudes, relationships with classmates, emotional responses to negative online content, and various other factors (p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionIn the context of online public opinion, targeted interventions by families and schools are needed to regulate the psychological and behavioral states of college students, promoting good mental health and positive behavior in the complex online environment.
Gradient boosting-based classification of interactome hub genes in periimplantitis with periodontitis – an integrated bioinformatic approach
Authors: Yadalam Pradeep Kumar , Sharma Sarvagya , Natarajan Prabhu Manickam , Ardila Carlos M. 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionPeri-implantitis, a destructive inflammatory condition affecting the tissues surrounding dental implants, shares pathological similarities with periodontitis, a chronic inflammatory disease that impacts the supporting structures of natural teeth. This study utilizes a network-based approach to classify interactome hub genes associated with peri-implantitis and periodontitis, aiming to improve understanding of disease mechanisms and identify potential therapeutic targets.MethodsWe employed gradient boosting and Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) to predict and classify these interactome hub genes. Gene expression data related to these diseases were sourced from the NCBI GEO dataset GSE223924, and differential gene expression analysis was conducted using the NCBI GEO R tool. Through WGCNA, we constructed a co-expression network to identify key hub genes, while gradient boosting was used to predict these hub genes.ResultsOur analysis revealed a co-expression network comprising 216 genes, including prominent hub genes such as IL17RC, CCN2, BMP7, TPM1, and TIMP1, which are implicated in periodontal disease. The gradient boosting model achieved an 88.2% accuracy in classifying interactome hub genes in samples related to peri-implantitis and periodontitis.DiscussionThese identified genes play roles in inflammation, osteoclast genesis, angiogenesis, and immune response regulation. This study highlights essential hub genes and molecular pathways associated with peri-implantitis and periodontitis, suggesting potential therapeutic targets for developing innovative treatment strategies.
The role of silver diamine fluoride as dental caries preventive and arresting agent: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Alqalaleef Saeed S. , Alnakhli Rabab A. , Ezzat Yousef , AlQadi Hamad I. , Aljilani Abdulrahman D. , Natto Zuhair S. 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundDental caries is a significant global health concern, impacting around 2.5 billion people worldwide. Conventional methods for managing dental caries have evolved to prioritize preventive measures and minimally invasive treatment alternatives. One of these approaches involves the application of silver diamine fluoride. Although effective, the limited use of SDF is attributed to concerns about potential long-term complications and other adverse effects.ObjectiveThis systematic review aims to assess the role of SDF in preventing and managing dental caries, evaluating its efficacy and adverse reactions.Material and methodsThis review adheres to PRISMA guidelines. An electronic search was performed on PubMed, Google Scholar, and CENTRAL to include peer-reviewed randomized controlled trials published between 2014 and 2024. The Cochrane risk of bias and GRADE tools were employed to evaluate the trials and ensure the certainty of the evidence. Statistical analysis was conducted to examine the effectiveness of SDF at the individual, tooth, and surface levels.ResultsFindings from 20 randomized controlled trials, which met the inclusion criteria, revealed that participants aged 1–50 showed promising results with follow-up intervals ranging from 1 to 30 months. The caries arrestment rate of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) varied from 25% to 99%.ConclusionThese results indicate that SDF could be an invaluable tool in combating dental caries, providing a less invasive and potentially more cost-effective alternative to traditional treatment methods. Nonetheless, further research is essential to comprehensively understand the potential of SDF in various settings and to optimize its application in clinical practice.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/, PROSPERO (CRD42024559853)
Deriving improved plasma fluid equations from collisional kinetic theory
Authors: Dimant Y. S. 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionDeveloping a quantitative understanding of wave plasma processes in the lower ionosphere requires a reasonably accurate theoretical description of the underlying physical processes. For such a highly collisional plasma environment as the E-region ionosphere, kinetic theory represents the most accurate theoretical description of wave processes. For the analytical treatment, however, collisional kinetic theory is extremely complicated and succeeds only in a limited number of physical problems. To date, most research has applied oversimplified fluid models that lack a number of critical kinetic aspects, so the coefficients in the corresponding fluid equations are often accurate only to an order of magnitude.MethodsThis paper presents a derivation for the highly collisional, partially magnetized case relevant to E-region conditions, using methods of the collisional kinetic theory with a new set of analytic approximations.ResultsThis derivation provides a more accurate reduction of the ion and, especially, electron kinetic equations to the corresponding 5-moment fluid equations. It results in a more accurate fluid model set of equations appropriate for most E-region problems.DiscussionThe results of this paper could be used for a routine practical analysis when working with actual data. The improved equations can also serve as a basis for more accurate plasma fluid computer simulations.
Antibiotic-Producing Bacteria Collected from Seawater
Authors: Dashti Khadijah M. , Vali Leila , Almaraghi Norya , Ebrahim Hussain , Abul Hassan , Dashti Ali A. 
Published: November 2024

Background: Microorganisms are a known source of antibiotics. The study aimed to identify and screen antibiotic-producing microbes isolated from seawater. Method: Three of the fifty (50) bacteria isolated from seawater showed positive for antibiotic activity. The antimicrobial activity of Pseudomonas guguanensis (KD1) was screened against the ESKAPE pathogens using agar-well diffusion assays. P. guguanensis (KD1) was selected for the fermentation and extraction of antimicrobial compounds using solvent extraction assays. Results: P. guguanensis (KD1) produced the highest antibacterial activity after 36 h of cultivation, inhibiting S. aureus, E. faecium, A. baumannii and E. cloacae. According to sensitization assay, K. pneumoniae was impermeable to all the cell-free supernatants of P. guguanensis (KD1). Using agar-well diffusion assays, ethyl acetate extracts from the supernatant recorded zones of inhibition against S. aureus, E. faecium, and E. cloacae, producing zones of 20.1 ± 0.432, 17.8 ± 0.121 and 16 ± 0.162 mm, respectively. Acetonitrile extract from the supernatant inhibited A. baumannii and S. aureus, forming zones of inhibition 18.2 ± 0.323 mm and 18 ± 0.234. The minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration recorded for the ethyl acetate extract and acetonitrile extract ranged from 1.56 to 6.25 mg/mL and 12.5–25 mg/mL, respectively. Conclusions: P. guguanensis (KD1) offers a potential source of antibiotics for infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria.