bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Out-patient commitment order use in Norway: incidence and prevalence rates, duration and use of mental health services from the Norwegian Outpatient Commitment Study
Authors: Riley Henriette , Sharashova Ekaterina , Rugkåsa Jorun , Nyttingnes Olav , Christensen Tore Buer , Austegard Ann-Torunn Andersen , Løvsletten Maria , Lau Bjørn , Høyer Georg 
Published: September 2019

BackgroundNorway authorised out-patient commitment in 1961, but there is a lack of representative and complete data on the use of out-patient commitment orders.AimsTo establish the incidence and prevalence rates on the use of out-patient commitment in Norway, and how these vary across service areas. Further, to study variations in out-patient commitment across service areas, and use of in-patient services before and after implementation of out-patient commitment orders. Finally, to identify determinants for the duration of out-patient commitment orders and time to readmission.MethodRetrospective case register study based on medical files of all patients with an out-patient commitment order in 2008–2012 in six catchment areas in Norway, covering one-third of the Norwegian population aged 18 years or more. For a subsample of patients, we recorded use of in-patient care 3 years before and after their first-ever out-patient commitment.ResultsAnnual incidence varied between 20.7 and 28.4, and prevalence between 36.5 and 48.9, per 100 000 population aged 18 years or above. Rates differed significantly between catchment areas. Mean out-patient commitment duration was 727 days (s.d. = 889). Use of in-patient care decreased significantly in the 3 years after out-patient commitment compared with the 3 years before. Use of antipsychotic medication through the whole out-patient commitment period and fewer in-patient episodes in the 3 years before out-patient commitment predicted longer time to readmission.ConclusionsMechanisms behind the pronounced variations in use of out-patient commitment between sites call for further studies. Use of in-patient care was significantly reduced in the 3 years after a first-ever out-patient commitment order was made.Declaration of interestNone.
Reduced stability and pH-dependent activity of a common obesity-linked PCSK1 polymorphism, N221D
Authors: Jarvela Timothy S , Gahlot Surbhi , Shakya Manita , Bachor Tomas , White Anne , Low Malcolm J , Lindberg Iris 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Common mutations in the human prohormone convertase 1/3 (PC1/3) gene (PCSK1) are linked to increased risk of obesity. Previous work has shown that the rs6232 SNP (N221D) results in slightly decreased activity, though whether this decrease underlies obesity risk is not clear. We observed significantly decreased activity of the N221D PC1/3 enzyme at the pH of the trans-Golgi network; at this pH, the mutant enzyme was less stable than wild-type enzyme. Recombinant N221D PC1/3 also showed enhanced susceptibility to heat stress. Enhanced susceptibility to tunicamycin-induced ER stress was observed in AtT-20/PC2 cell clones in which murine PC1/3 was replaced by human N221D PC1/3, as compared to wild-type human PC1/3. However, N221D PC1/3-expressing AtT-20/PC2 clones processed proopiomelanocortin to α-MSH similarly to wild-type PC1/3.
We also generated a CRISPR-edited mouse line expressing the N221D mutation in the Pcsk1 gene. When homozygous N221D mice were fed either a standard or a high fat diet, we found no increase in body weight compared to their wild-type sibling controls. Sexual dimorphism was observed in pituitary ACTH for both genotypes, with females exhibiting lower levels of pituitary ACTH. In contrast, hypothalamic α−MSH content for both genotypes was higher in females compared to males. Hypothalamic CLIP content was higher in wild-type females compared to wild-type, but not N221D, males.
Together, these data suggest that the increased obesity risk linked to the N221D allele in humans may be due in part to PC1/3-induced loss of resilience to stressors rather than strictly to decreased enzymatic activity on peptide precursors.
Knockdown of HE4 suppresses aggressive cell growth and malignant progression of ovarian cancer by inhibiting the JAK/STAT3 pathway
Authors: Wang Aihong , Jin Canhui , Tian Xiaoyu , Wang Ying , Li Hongyu 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT
Human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) is well known to be a predictor of ovarian cancer clinically. HE4 is reported to play crucial roles in ovarian cancer progression and metastasis. The purpose of the present study was to explore its biological role and molecular mechanism in ovarian cancer. In our study, we found that expression levels of HE4 in tissues, serum and urine in ovarian cancer were upregulated compared to healthy and benign groups. HE4 expression was elevated in ovarian cancer cells. Knockdown of HE4 dampened cell proliferation and Ki67 expression, as well as enhanced apoptosis, caspase-3 activity and cleaved-caspase-3 expression. In addition, HE4 downregulation repressed invasion and migration capabilities of ovarian cancer cells. Western blot analyses showed that knockdown of HE4 reduced the levels of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9) and inhibited epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) in ovarian cancer cells. In vivo animal experiments revealed that HE4 downregulation constrained the growth of xenograft tumor. Mechanism research showed that knockdown HE4 inhibited the activity of JAK/STAT3 pathway in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, our findings reported that knockdown of HE4 suppresses aggressive cell growth and malignant progression of ovarian cancer by inhibiting the JAK/STAT3 pathway, which provides valuable insights to contribute to develop novel HE4-targeted therapies.
Individual Response to Standardized Exercise: Total and Abdominal Adipose Tissue
Authors: BRENNAN ANDREA M. , DAY ANDREW G. , COWAN THERESA E. , CLARKE GREGORY J. , LAMARCHE BENOIT , ROSS ROBERT 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT

Purpose
(1) Determine the effect of exercise amount and intensity on the proportion of individuals for whom the adipose tissue (AT) response is above the minimal clinically important difference (MCID); and (2) Examine whether clinically meaningful anthropometric changes reflect individual AT responses above the MCID.

Methods
Men (n = 41) and women (n = 62) (52.7 ± 7.6 yr) were randomized to control (n = 20); low amount low intensity (n = 24); high amount low intensity (n = 30); and high amount high intensity (n = 29) treadmill exercise for 24 wk. The AT changes were measured by MRI. 90% confidence intervals for each individual’s observed response were calculated as the observed score ±1.64 × TE (technical error of measurement).

Results
For visceral AT, HAHI and HALI had a greater proportion of individuals whose AT change and 90% confidence interval were beyond the MCID compared to controls (P < 0.006). For all other AT depots, all exercise groups had significantly more individuals whose changes were beyond the MCID compared with controls. Of those who achieved a waist circumference or body weight reduction ≥ the MCID, 76% to 93% achieved abdominal, abdominal subcutaneous, and visceral AT changes ≥ the MCID.

Conclusions
Increasing exercise amount and/or intensity may increase the proportion of individuals who achieve clinically meaningful visceral AT reductions. Waist circumference or body weight changes beyond a clinically meaningful threshold are predictive of clinically meaningful abdominal adiposity changes.
Addressing complex societal challenges in health education – A physiotherapy-led initiative embedding inclusion health in an undergraduate curriculum
Authors: Broderick Julie , Waugh Alice , Mc Govern Mark , Alpine Lucy , Kiernan Sinead , Murphy Niamh , Hodalova Sofia , Feehan Sorcha , Ní Cheallaigh Clíona 
Published: September 2019

Socially marginalised groups suffer vastly poorer health outcomes compared to the general population. Inclusion health seeks to directly address the health inequities experienced by groups such as homeless people and refugees. Despite the unique healthcare needs experienced by these vulnerable groups, inclusion health features very little in health education curricula. This letter has been written by a group of clinicians, academics, clinical education specialists and students with a common interest in inclusion health. In the absence of established guidance on how best to incorporate the broad topic of inclusion health in undergraduate education, we have developed a two-pronged approach within physiotherapy. We are writing to highlight the following initiatives; firstly, the provision of a dedicated undergraduate clinical placement devoted to the area of inclusion health. Secondly, we have also initiated a step-wise process of introducing the topic of inclusion health into the formal undergraduate curriculum. This letter demonstrates the need to implement strategies to incorporate inclusion health into the curriculum and the approaches described are applicable to diverse health professions and settings.
Traduire l’incertitude
Authors: Macris Spiros 
Published: September 2019

About Some Poems of Hans Faverey (1933-1990)
Representation, as an actualisation of a text, is the real object of translation. In order to better understand the implications of this theoretical position, it is explored through the study of translations into French and English of a few poems by the Dutch writer Hans Faverey (1933-1990) as his work constitutes a radical critique of representation. The means of his critique are: autonomy of the poem considered as a device, referential deviation, syntactic alteration, etc. These elements transform the translation process in the sense of a greater indeterminacy, but also change the nature of the translational process. These multidimensional modifications find an adequate theoretical framework in Roman Ingarden’s analysis of translation as an intentional object.
Boerhaave Syndrome Causing Bilateral Empyemas
Authors: Chalikonda Divya , Yoo Joseph , Johnson Drew , Tofani Christina 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT
Boerhaave syndrome is a perforation of the esophagus caused by a sudden increase in intraluminal pressure. It is known to be associated with left-sided pleural effusion and mediastinitis, but rarely presents with bilateral effusion. Its association with the presence of a hiatal hernia is unclear. We present a patient with a hiatal hernia who developed bilateral empyemas because of Boerhaave syndrome and was treated with an endoscopically placed esophageal stent.
Long-Term Natural History of Microscopic Colitis: A Population-Based Cohort
Authors: Loreau Julien , Duricova Dana , Gower-Rousseau Corinne , Savoye Guillaume , Ganry Olivier , Ben Khadhra Hajer , Sarter Hélène , Yzet Clara , Le Mouel Jean-Philippe , Kohut Mathieu , Brazier Franck , Chatelain Denis , Nguyen-Khac Eric , Dupas Jean-Louis , Fumery Mathurin 
Published: September 2019

OBJECTIVES:
Data on long-term natural history of microscopic colitis (MC), including collagenous (CC) and lymphocytic colitis (LC), are lacking.

METHODS:
All new cases of MC diagnosed in the Somme area, France, between January 1, 2005, and December 31, 2007, were prospectively included. Colonic biopsies from all patients were reviewed by a group of 4 gastrointestinal pathologist experts to assess the diagnosis of CC or LC. Demographic and clinical data were retrospectively collected from diagnosis to February 28, 2017.

RESULTS:
One hundred thirty cases of MC, 87 CC and 43 LC, were included (median age at diagnosis: 70 [interquartile range, 61–77] and 48 [IQR, 40–61] years, respectively). The median follow-up was 9.6 years (7.6; 10.6). By the end of the follow-up, 37 patients (28%) relapsed after a median time of 3.9 years (1.2; 5.0) since diagnosis, without significant difference between CC and LC (30% vs 26%; P = 0.47). Twenty patients (15%) were hospitalized for a disease flare, and 32 patients (25%) presented another autoimmune disease. Budesonide was the most widely used treatment (n = 74, 59%), followed by 5-aminosalicylic acid (n = 31, 25%). The median duration of budesonide treatment was 92 days (70; 168), and no adverse event to budesonide was reported. Sixteen patients (22%) developed steroid dependency and 4 (5%) were corticoresistant. No difference in the risk of digestive and extradigestive cancer was observed compared with the general population. None of the death (n = 25) observed during the follow-up were linked to MC. In multivariate analysis, age at diagnosis (HR, 1.03; 95% confidence interval, 1.00–1.06; P = 0.02) and budesonide exposure (HR, 2.50; 95% confidence interval, 1.11–5.55; P = 0.03) were significantly associated with relapse.

DISCUSSION:
This population-based study showed that after diagnosis, two-third of the patients with MC observed long-term clinical remission. Age at diagnosis and budesonide exposure were associated with a risk of relapse.
Development and Validation of a Model to Predict Acute Kidney Injury in Hospitalized Patients With Cirrhosis
Authors: Patidar Kavish R. , Xu Chenjia , Shamseddeen Hani , Cheng Yao-Wen , Ghabril Marwan S. , Mukthinuthalapati V.V. Pavan K. , Fricker Zachary P. , Akinyeye Samuel , Nephew Lauren D. , Desai Archita P. , Anderson Melissa , El-Achkar Tarek M. , Chalasani Naga P. , Orman Eric S. 
Published: September 2019

OBJECTIVES:
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication in hospitalized patients with cirrhosis which contributes to morbidity and mortality. Improved prediction of AKI in this population is needed for prevention and early intervention. We developed a model to identify hospitalized patients at risk for AKI.

METHODS:
Admission data from a prospective cohort of hospitalized patients with cirrhosis without AKI on admission (n = 397) was used for derivation. AKI development in the first week of admission was captured. Independent predictors of AKI on multivariate logistic regression were used to develop the prediction model. External validation was performed on a separate multicenter cohort (n = 308).

RESULTS:
In the derivation cohort, the mean age was 57 years, the Model for End-Stage Liver Disease score was 17, and 59 patients (15%) developed AKI after a median of 4 days. Admission creatinine (OR: 2.38 per 1 mg/dL increase [95% CI: 1.47–3.85]), international normalized ratio (OR: 1.92 per 1 unit increase [95% CI: 1.92–3.10]), and white blood cell count (OR: 1.09 per 1 × 109/L increase [95% CI: 1.04–1.15]) were independently associated with AKI. These variables were used to develop a prediction model (area underneath the receiver operator curve: 0.77 [95% CI: 0.70–0.83]). In the validation cohort (mean age of 53 years, Model for End-Stage Liver Disease score of 16, and AKI development of 13%), the area underneath the receiver operator curve for the model was 0.70 (95% CI: 0.61–0.78).

DISCUSSION:
A model consisting of admission creatinine, international normalized ratio, and white blood cell count can identify patients with cirrhosis at risk for in-hospital AKI development. On further validation, our model can be used to apply novel interventions to reduce the incidence of AKI among patients with cirrhosis who are hospitalized.
Square-integrable representations and multipliers
Authors: Racher Gerhard 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
We observe a connection between the existence of square-integrable representations of a locally compact group G and the existence of nonzero translation invariant operators from its Fourier–Stieltjes algebra

B
⁢

(
G
)

{B(G)}

into

L
2

⁢

(
G
)

{L^{2}(G)}

or, equivalently, from

L
2

⁢

(
G
)

{L^{2}(G)}

into its enveloping von Neumann algebra

C
*

⁢

(
G
)

*
*

{C^{*}(G)^{**}}

.
Raw data or hypersymbols? Meaning-making with digital data, between discursive processes and machinic procedures
Authors: Crémier Lucile , Bonenfant Maude , Lafrance St-Martin Laura Iseut 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe large-scale and intensive collection and analysis of digital data (commonly called “Big Data”) has become a common, popular, and consensual research method for the social sciences, as the automation of data collection, mathematization of analysis, and digital objectification reinforce both its efficiency and truth-value. This article opens with a critical review of the literature on data collection and analysis, and summarizes current ethical discussions focusing on these technologies. A semiotic model of data production and circulation is then introduced to problematize the view that digital data has ceased to stand for a formalization method (a possible kind of representation among others), and effectively “becomes the world itself” (a direct presentation of the world outperforming all other modes of representation). Following Charles Sanders Peirce’s semiotics and pragmaticist philosophy, we characterize digitalization as a hypersymbolic semiotic process, and we highlight the naturalization of meaning, the illusion of iconicity, and rhetorical efficiency on which data’s truth value relies within the context of its large-scale, profit-driven, and results-oriented research uses. This outlines some epistemological and ethical implications of data’s visualization, use, and authority, and indicates avenues for critical semiotics of contemporary data science and analysis.
Tailoring of Bandgap to Tune the Optical Properties of Ga1−xAlxY (Y = As, Sb) for Solar Cell Applications by Density Functional Theory Approach
Authors: Mahmood Q. , Rouf Syed Awais , Rashid Muhammad , Jamil M. , Sajjad M. , Laref A. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe bandgap was tuned to investigate the electronic and optical aspects using first-principle calculations for solar cells and other optical applications. The bandgap range varies from 1.6 to 2.1 eV for Ga1−xAlxAs and from 0.8 to 1.5 eV for Ga1−xAlxSb (x= 0.0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0). The dispersion, polarisation, and attenuation have been illustrated in terms of transparency and maximum absorption of light. The inversion of polarised atomic planes near the resonance allows the maximum absorption in ultraviolet to visible region. The Penn’s model (ε1(0) ≈ 1 + (ℏωp/Eg)2) and optical relationε1(0)${\varepsilon_{1}}\left(0\right)$= n2(0) confirm the reliability of our finding. The maximum absorption, optical conduction, and minimum optical energy loss increase the credibility of the studied materials for energy storage device manufacture.
Investigations of Physical Properties of XTiH3 and Implications for Solid State Hydrogen Storage
Authors: AL Selgin 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
This study adopts density functional theory to predict and thoroughly investigate new types of perovskite compounds for solid state storage of hydrogen. CaTiH3 and MgTiH3 perovskite hydrides are chosen and investigated using density functional theory in terms of ground state properties, electronic, mechanical, and thermodynamic properties for solid state storage of hydrogen. Stability of compounds are verified by calculating formation energies. Several crucial parameters; elastic constants, bulk, Young, Shear modulus, and Cauchy pressures are computed and analysed in great detail. Mechanical stability evaluation indicated that both compounds are mechanically stable whereas MgTiH3 is ductile whilst CaTiH3 is a brittle material. In addition, mechanical anisotropy is analysed using 2D surfaces. Both compounds showed anisotropic behaviour in all directions except for linear compressibility. Electronic band structures and their corresponding density of states of compounds are obtained. The results indicate that both compounds have metallic nature. From the results presented here, it can be predicted that MgTiH3 is a better material for hydrogen storage with a gravimetric density of ∼4.01 wt %.
A CRÍTICA PÓS-FUNDACIONALISTA: UM DEBATE EM CONSTRUÇÃO
Authors: Graeff Caroline Bianca , Nascimento Kamila , Marques Marcelo De Souza 
Published: September 2019

O debate pós-fundacionalista emerge como uma potente discussão ao trazer à tona críticas relevantes às abordagens teóricas existencial-fundacionalistas. Tal debate nos conduz a refletir sobre a compreensão do social a partir de uma visão plural e contingente, que rompe com a forma de se pensar a realidade baseada em certezas e em uma ordem definitiva. Nesse contexto, este artigo objetiva apresentar alguns elementos centrais da crítica pós-fundacionalista, evidenciando aspectos que envolvem seu surgimento, suas bases filosóficas, assim como a distinção entre fundacionalismo, anti-fundacionalismo e pós-fundacionalismo. Para tanto, aborda-se autores-chave como Heidegger, Derrida e Marchart. Pretendemos, assim, contribuir para clarear alguns aspectos que envolvem esta abordagem, oferecendo ao leitor uma apresentação concisa, mas consistente, das linhas gerais sobre as quais o debate se desenvolve no intuito de propiciar reflexões e questionamentos para um aprofundamento acerca desta perspectiva epistemológica.
PEMATUHAN DAN PELANGGARAN PRINSIP KERJA SAMA DALAM PERCAKAPAN PENYIDIKAN DI POLRESTABES SEMARANG
Authors: Rahayu Caswin , Rustono Rustono , Syaifudin Ahmad 
Published: September 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan variasi fonologi berdasarkan pekerjaan, pendidikan, dan usia; variasi leksikon berdasarkan pekerjaan, pendidikan, dan usia; serta kekhasan bahasa Jawa Batang. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan sosiodialektologi dan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Data dalam penelitian ini dijaring dengan menggunakan metode simak dan cakap. Analisis data digunakan metode padan fonetis artikulatoris. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebagai berikut. Pertama, variasi fonologi berdasarkan pekerjaan, pendidikan, dan usia meliputi (1) korespondensi vokal, (2) korespondensi konsonan, (3) variasi vokal, variasi konsonan, (4) penambahan bunyi, dan (5) pengurangan bunyi. Kedua, variasi leksikon berdasarkan pekerjaan, pendidikan, dan usia meliputi onomasiologis dan semasiologis. Ketiga, kekhasan bahasa Jawa Batang meliputi kekhasan fonologi dan leksikon.
The aim of this study describe phonology variation based job, education, and age; lexicon variation based job, education, and age; and characteristics of Batang Java language. This study uses sosiodialectology approach and qualitative approach. Data was captured using hear and speak methods. Analysis of the data using articulatoric phonetic unified methods. The result showed as follows. First, phonology variation based job, education, and age includes (1) vocal correspondence, (2) consonant correspondence, (3) vocal variation, (4) consonant variation, (4) increment of sound, and (5) decrement of sound. Second, lexicon variation based job, education, and age includes onomasiologis and semasiologis. Thrid, characteristics of Batang Java language includes phonology characteristics and lexicon characteristics.