bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Math interest and self‐concept among latino/a students: Reciprocal influences across the transition to middle school
Authors: Denner Jill , Valdes Olivia , Dickson Daniel J. , Laursen Brett 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTIntroductionPsychological factors like math interest and self‐concept typically decline between late childhood and early adolescence; both are key to math achievement. The present study examined the reciprocal interplay between math interest and self‐concept across the transition into middle school, and whether associations are moderated by success attributions.MethodsA total of 263 (120 boys, 143 girls) Latino students (Mage = 10.5 years at outset) from an agricultural community in California (USA) completed surveys at three time points, from the end of primary school to the first year of middle school. Surveys measured math self‐concept and math interest, as well as attributions to success in math. Cross‐lagged panel models examined possible bidirectional associations between math self‐concept and math interest, and whether attributions of success moderated these association.ResultsLower initial levels of math self‐concept anticipated greater declines in math interest, an association that was buffered by attributions of math success. The smallest declines in math interest occurred among adolescents who had both the highest math self‐concept and were most inclined to attribute success in math to internal factors like studying. These associations remained when potential confounding variables (e.g., school grades, conduct problems) were included.ConclusionThe results replicate, in an understudied sample of Latino/a youth, the oft‐reported link from low math self‐concept to declining interest in math. Unique to this study is evidence of the protection afforded by belief in the efficacy of studying. The findings offer important guidance for teachers and parents seeking to mobilize resources for underperforming students.
Clinical impact of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry for the management of inpatient pneumonia without additional antimicrobial stewardship support
Authors: Porreca Kratz Ann Marie , Sullivan Kaede V. , Gallagher Jason C. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWe assessed whether implementation of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry without antimicrobial stewardship support would impact antimicrobial utilization and clinical outcomes in inpatient pneumonia. Implementation significantly reduced time to organism identification and time to optimal therapy but did not have a detectable impact on clinical outcomes.
A vortex interaction mechanism for generating energy and enstrophy fluctuations in high-symmetric turbulence
Authors: Yasuda Tatsuya , Kawahara Genta , van Veen Lennaert , Kida Shigeo 
Published: July 2019

Turbulent vortex dynamics is investigated in triply periodic turbulent flow with Kida’s high symmetry (Kida, J. Phys. Soc. Japan, vol. 54, 1985, pp. 2132–2136) by means of unstable periodic motion representing both the statistical and dynamical properties of turbulence (van Veen et al., Fluid Dyn. Res., vol. 38, 2006, pp. 19–46). In the periodic motion, the large-scale columnar vortices, the smaller-scale vortices and the large-amplitude axial waves on the large-scale columnar vortices are detected. In terms of mutual dynamical interaction between the large-scale columnar vortices and smaller-scale vortices, we demonstrate a cyclic process of excitation of the axial waves, which leads to large-amplitude fluctuations of the total kinetic energy and enstrophy. This cyclic process is characterised by three distinct phases and is therefore reminiscent of the regeneration cycle of near-wall turbulence structures (Hamilton et al., J. Fluid Mech., vol. 287, 1995, pp. 317–348). Notably, such oscillatory behaviour is observed even in freely decaying turbulence as a consequence of the instantaneous energy transfer from smaller to larger scales.
New skull remains of Phorusrhacos longissimus (Aves, Cariamiformes) from the Miocene of Argentina: implications for the morphology of Phorusrhacidae
Authors: Degrange Federico J. , Eddy Drew , Puerta Pablo , Clarke Julia 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe giant carnivorous phorusrhacid birdPhorusrhacos longissimus(Aves, Cariamiformes) was first described in 1887 by Florentino Ameghino on the basis of a jaw fragment. The majority of a skull of the species still encased in crumbling rock was preserved only long enough for illustrations to be made by Carlos Ameghino in the field and for a brief description to be written. Skull remains of this species have remained scarce, and few postcranial remains have been figured. Here, we reassess the cranial anatomy of this outstanding ‘terror bird’ species taking into account data from a newly discovered skull. An additional specimen of a well-preserved dorsal vertebra referable to Phorusrhacinae is also described from a separate locality within the Miocene Santa Cruz Formation (late early Miocene) from Santa Cruz Province in Argentina. The skull includes most of the rostrum, skull roof, and mandible and is compared with material from other members of the Phorusrhacinae. The new data from the skull and vertebra provide morphological features of this clade that benefit future taxonomic and phylogenetic analyses of this iconic group of birds.
MULTIPLE CHOICES IMPLY THE INGLETON AND KREIN–MILMAN AXIOMS
Authors: MORILLON MARIANNE 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn set theory without the Axiom of Choice, we consider Ingleton’s axiom which is the ultrametric counterpart of the Hahn–Banach axiom. We show that in ZFA, i.e., in the set theory without the Axiom of Choice weakened to allow “atoms,” Ingleton’s axiom does not imply the Axiom of Choice (this solves in ZFA a question raised by van Rooij, [27]). We also prove that in ZFA, the “multiple choice” axiom implies the Krein–Milman axiom. We deduce that, in ZFA, the conjunction of the Hahn–Banach, Ingleton and Krein–Milman axioms does not imply the Axiom of Choice.
Regional to global correlation of Eocene–Oligocene boundary transition successions using biostratigraphic, geophysical and geochemical methods
Authors: Ellwood Brooks B. , Febo Lawrence , Anderson Laurie , Hackworth Rebecca T. , Means Guy H. , Bryan Jonathon A. , Tomkin Jonathan , Rowe Harry , Jovane Luigi 
Published: July 2019

AbstractRegional to global high-resolution correlation and timing is critical when attempting to answer important geological questions, such as the greenhouse to icehouse transition that occurred during the Eocene–Oligocene boundary transition. Timing of these events on a global scale can only be answered using correlation among many sections, and multiple correlation proxies, including biostratigraphy, lithostratigraphy, geochemistry and geophysical methods. Here we present litho- and biostratigraphy for five successions located in the southeastern USA. To broaden the scope of correlation, we also employ carbon and oxygen stable isotope and magnetic susceptibility (χ) data to interpret these sections regionally, and correlate to the Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) near Massignano in central Italy. Our results indicate that approaching the Eocene–Oligocene boundary, climate warmed slightly, but then δ18O data exhibit an abruptc.+5 ‰ positive shift towards cooling that reached a maximumc.1 m below the boundary at St Stephens Quarry, Alabama. This shift was accompanied by ac.−3 ‰ negative shift in δ13C interpreted to indicate environmental changes associated with the onset of the Eocene–Oligocene boundary planktonic foraminiferal extinction event. The observed cold pulse may be responsible for the final extinction of Hantkeninidae, used to define the beginning of the Rupelian Stage. Immediately preceding the boundary, Hantkeninidae species dropped significantly in abundance and size (pre-extinction dwarfing occurring before the final Eocene–Oligocene extinctions), and these changes may be the reason for inconsistencies in past Eocene–Oligocene boundary placement in the southeastern USA.
Collisional shock waves induced by laser radiation pressure
Authors: Henis Zohar , Eliezer Shalom , Raicher Erez 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe formation of a collisional shock wave by the light pressure of a short-laser pulse at intensities in the range of 1018–1023 W/cm2 is considered. In this regime the thermodynamic parameters of the equilibrium states, before and after the shock transition, are related to the relativistic Rankine–Hugoniot equations. The electron and ion temperatures associated with these shock waves are calculated. It is shown that if the time scale of energy dissipation is shorter than the laser pulse duration a collisional shock is formed. The electrons and the ions in the shock-heated layer may have equal or different temperatures, depending on the laser pulse duration, the material density and the laser intensity. This shock wave may serve as a heating mechanism in a fast ignition scheme.
Tight closure of powers of ideals and tight hilbert polynomials
Authors: GOEL KRITI , VERMA J. K. , MUKUNDAN VIVEK 
Published: July 2019

AbstractLet (R, ) be an analytically unramified local ring of positive prime characteristic p. For an ideal I, let I* denote its tight closure. We introduce the tight Hilbert function $$H_I^*\left( n \right) = \Im \left( {R/\left( {{I^n}} \right)*} \right)$$ and the corresponding tight Hilbert polynomial $$P_I^*\left( n \right)$$, where I is an m-primary ideal. It is proved that F-rationality can be detected by the vanishing of the first coefficient of $$P_I^*\left( n \right)$$. We find the tight Hilbert polynomial of certain parameter ideals in hypersurface rings and Stanley-Reisner rings of simplicial complexes.
(Re)Reading Pop Personae: A Transmedial Approach to Studying the Multiple Construction of Artist Identities
Authors: HANSEN KAI ARNE 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis article engages with a wide range of existing literature relevant to understanding the artist persona in popular music, and advocates a view of personae as multiply constructed through sound recordings, music videos, live performances, interviews, social media posts, and a variety of other means. In an initial effort to theorize pop personae as transmedial phenomena, I merge a critical musicological understanding of the performative potential of aesthetics with perspectives from celebrity studies and media studies to produce new insights into how personae are articulated across a variety of disparate but intersecting spaces. Through a case study of Sam Smith, I demonstrate how the signs and symbols scattered across numerous platforms are aggregated in the pop persona, and elucidate the interpretive possibilities afforded by different points of contact between artist and audience. I conclude that the task of reading pop personae amounts to an assessment of the conglomerate of texts and contexts that shape both the production and the reception of pop expressions.
Anarchy, ordering principles and the constitutive regime of the international system
Authors: HELAL MOHAMED S 
Published: July 2019

Abstract:Anarchy is the conceptual cornerstone of international relations theory and international law scholarship. Anarchy is described as the ordering principle of the international system, it is used as a variable that explains state behaviour, and the international legal order is depicted as anarchic and decentralised. This article questions this privileged status of anarchy. It challenges the designation of anarchy as the ‘ordering principle’ of the international system, and proposes an alternative theoretical construct – the Constitutive Regime of the International System – that performs the functions of the ‘ordering principles’ of the international system. This Constitutive Regime consists of three components. The first is a principle of differentiation that identifies the constituent units of the international system. The second is a theory of world order that prescribes policies and principles that are necessary to maintain order within the system, and the third are the secondary rules of international law that generate the international law-making and law-enforcement processes. In short, the Constitutive Regime provides a novel theoretical vernacular to understand and conceptualise the normative foundations of the international system.
Revisiting Recent Elevation‐Dependent Warming on the Tibetan Plateau Using Satellite‐Based Data Sets
Authors: Guo Donglin , Sun Jianqi , Yang Kun , Pepin Nick , Xu Yongming 
Published: July 2019

AbstractSatellite data, characterized by extensive regional coverage and relatively high spatial resolution, have a distinct advantage for examining elevation‐dependent warming (EDW) across rugged topography in mountain regions where there are sparse in situ observations. Based on recent (2001–2015) comprehensive satellite‐based data sets (2 m air temperature, land surface temperature, snow cover, and daytime and nighttime cloud), this study finds that annual mean 2 m air temperature warming rates show rapid decrease above 4,500 m despite increasing from 2,000 to 4,500 m. This indicates a reversal in EDW at the highest elevations on the Tibetan Plateau, which is somehow different from the EDW derived from short‐term land surface temperature presented in earlier research. The decrease of warming rate above 4,500 m coincides with the elevation at which most of the current solid water resources reside. Thus, their decline may be less rapid than previously thought. Trends in nighttime cloud and snow cover are both correlated with patterns of EDW on the Tibetan Plateau, but the leading factor varies on an annual and seasonal basis. These results provide important evidence for understanding EDW and its controlling mechanisms in an extreme high‐elevation context.
EGFR TKIs impair lysosome-dependent degradation of SQSTM1 to compromise the effectiveness in lung cancer
Authors: Yang Lixian , Ying Shilong , Hu Shiman , Zhao Xiangtong , Li Muchun , Chen Miaoqin , Zhu Yiran , Song Ping , Zhu Liyuan , Jiang Tingting , An Huimin , Yousafzai Neelum Aziz , Xu Wenxia , Zhang Zhiguo , Wang Xian , Feng Lifeng , Jin Hongchuan 
Published: July 2019

AbstractTyrosine kinase inhibitors for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR TKIs) greatly improved clinical outcomes of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Unfortunately, primary and acquired resistance limits their clinical benefits. To overcome such resistance, new generations of EGFR TKIs have been developed by targeting newly identified mutations in EGFR. However, much less effort has been put into alternative strategies, such as targeting the intrinsic protective responses to EGFR TKIs. In this study, we found that EGFR TKIs, including gefitinib and AZD9291, impaired lysosome-dependent degradation of SQSTM1, thus compromising their anti-cancer efficiency. By accumulating in the lysosome lumen, gefitinib and AZD9291 attenuated lysosomal acidification and impaired autolysosomal degradation of SQSTM1 owing to their intrinsic alkalinity. As a result, SQSTM1 protein was stabilized in response to gefitinib and AZD9291 treatment and conferred EGFR TKI resistance. Depleting SQSTM1 significantly increased the sensitivity of NSCLC cells to gefitinib and AZD9291 both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, a chemically modified gefitinib analog lacking alkalinity displayed stronger inhibitory effects on NSCLC cells. Therefore, targeting accumulated SQSTM1 or chemically modified EGFR TKIs may represent new strategies to increase the effectiveness of EGFR targeted therapy.
Loss of Bcl-G, a Bcl-2 family member, augments the development of inflammation-associated colorectal cancer
Authors: Nguyen Paul M. , Dagley Laura F. , Preaudet Adele , Lam Nga , Giam Maybelline , Fung Ka Yee , Aizel Kaheina , van Duijneveldt Gemma , Tan Chin Wee , Hirokawa Yumiko , Yip Hon Yan K. , Love Christopher G. , Poh Ashleigh R. , Cruz Akshay D’ , Burstroem Charlotte , Feltham Rebecca , Abdirahman Suad M. , Meiselbach Kristy , Low Ronnie Ren Jie , Palmieri Michelle , Ernst Matthias , Webb Andrew I. , Burgess Tony , Sieber Oliver M. , Bouillet Philippe , Putoczki Tracy L. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractGastrointestinal epithelial cells provide a selective barrier that segregates the host immune system from luminal microorganisms, thereby contributing directly to the regulation of homeostasis. We have shown that from early embryonic development Bcl-G, a Bcl-2 protein family member with unknown function, was highly expressed in gastrointestinal epithelial cells. While Bcl-G was dispensable for normal growth and development in mice, the loss of Bcl-G resulted in accelerated progression of colitis-associated cancer. A label-free quantitative proteomics approach revealed that Bcl-G may contribute to the stability of a mucin network, which when disrupted, is linked to colon tumorigenesis. Consistent with this, we observed a significant reduction in Bcl-G expression in human colorectal tumors. Our study identifies an unappreciated role for Bcl-G in colon cancer.
Soluble Wood Smoke Extract Promotes Barrier Dysfunction in Alveolar Epithelial Cells through a MAPK Signaling Pathway
Authors: Zeglinski Matthew R. , Turner Christopher T. , Zeng Rui , Schwartz Carley , Santacruz Stephanie , Pawluk Megan A. , Zhao Hongyan , Chan Arthur W. H. , Carlsten Christopher , Granville David J. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWildfire smoke induces acute pulmonary distress and is of particular concern to risk groups such as the sick and elderly. Wood smoke (WS) contains many of the same toxic compounds as those found in cigarette smoke (CS) including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, and free radicals. CS is a well-established risk factor for respiratory diseases such as asthma and COPD. Limited studies investigating the biological effects of WS on the airway epithelium have been performed. Using a cell culture-based model, we assessed the effects of a WS-infused solution on alveolar epithelial barrier function, cell migration, and survival. The average geometric mean of particles in the WS was 178 nm. GC/MS analysis of the WS solution identified phenolic and cellulosic compounds. WS exposure resulted in a significant reduction in barrier function, which peaked after 24 hours of continuous exposure. The junctional protein E-cadherin showed a prominent reduction in response to increasing concentrations of WS. Furthermore, WS significantly repressed cell migration following injury to the cell monolayer. There was no difference in cell viability following WS exposure. Mechanistically, WS exposure induced activation of the p44/42, but not p38, MAPK signaling pathway, and inhibition of p44/42 phosphorylation prevented the disruption of barrier function and loss of E-cadherin staining. Thus, WS may contribute to the breakdown of alveolar structure and function through a p44/42 MAPK-dependent pathway and may lead to the development and/or exacerbation of respiratory pathologies with chronic exposure.
The β2-adrenergic receptor antagonist ICI-118,551 blocks the constitutively activated HIF signalling in hemangioblastomas from von Hippel-Lindau disease
Authors: Cuesta A. M. , Albiñana V. , Gallardo-Vara E. , Recio-Poveda L. , de Rojas-P I. , de Las Heras K. Villar Gómez , Aguirre D. T. , Botella L. M. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractOne of the major consequences of the lack of a functional VHL protein in von Hippel-Lindau disease, a rare cancer, is the constitutive activation of the HIF pathway. This activation ends up in the generation of Central Nervous System (CNS) Hemangioblastomas among other tumours along the lifespan of the patient. Nowadays, only surgery has been proven efficient as therapy since the systemic attempts have failed. Propranolol, a non-specific β1-and β2-adrenergic receptor antagonist, was recently designated as the first therapeutic (orphan) drug for VHL disease. Nevertheless, its β1 affinity provokes the decrease in blood pressure, being not recommended for low or regular blood pressure VHL patients. In order to overcome the β1-drawback, the properties of a high specific β2-adrenergic receptor blocker named ICI-118,551 have been studied. ICI-118,551 was able to decrease Hemangioblastomas cell viability in a specific manner, by triggering apoptosis. Moreover, ICI-118,551 also impaired the nuclear internalization of HIF-1α in Hemangioblastomas and hypoxic primary endothelial cells, reducing significantly the activation of HIF-target genes and halting the tumour-related angiogenic processes. In this work, we demonstrate the therapeutical properties of ICI-118,551 in VHL-derived CNS-Hemangioblastoma primary cultures, becoming a promising drug for VHL disease and other HIF-related diseases.
Real-time Particle Size Analysis Using the Focused Beam Reflectance Measurement Probe for In Situ Fabrication of Polyacrylamide–Filler Composite Materials
Authors: Sankaranarayanan Sivashunmugam , Likozar Blaž , Navia Rodrigo 
Published: July 2019

AbstractReal-time particle size analysis, using an engineered focused beam reflectance measurement (FBRM), was studied for the fabrication of chemical composite materials, applying various (inorganic/organic/biological) filler powders with polyacrylamide via the in situ polymerization production process at 80 °C for 24 h. The measured diameter dimensions, differential distribution functions and growth during reactive compound manufacturing technology were monitored by determining quantitative chord length, this being the altering scale use of FBRM technique. Materials characterizations such as formulation part-, scanning electron microscopy-, substance elemental- and complex Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analyses, supported well the successful structural preparation of differing-property constituent compositions. In addition, it was also observed that operations such as granulation, coating and filling, were involved in the design of stronger polymer–reinforcement components. A comparison of the surface area variation of montmorillonite (245 m2/g), alumina (236 m2/g) and residual biomass (0.8 m2/g) with their corresponding formed composites (112, 84 and 0.1 m2/g, respectively) revealed that the presence of thermoset plastic matrix results in a drop in interface due to a defined multiple step formation processing. Furthermore, thermal characterization of alumina and the developed nanocomposite materials confirmed, as expected, the interaction of the nanocomposite precursors.
Nanoscale modification of silicon and germanium surfaces exposed to low-energy helium plasma
Authors: Thompson Matt , Magyar Luke , Corr Cormac 
Published: July 2019

AbstractComplex surface nanostructures were observed in germanium and silicon samples exposed to low energy (24 or 36 eV ion kinetic energy) helium plasma. Pyramidal growth is observed in germanium across the temperature range studied (185 °C to 336 °C), while significant modification in silicon was only observed at 630 °C. Nano-wire growth was observed in both germanium and silicon, and appears to be linked to the strength of the electric field, which in turn determines the implantation energy of the helium ions. Nanostructure formation is proposed to be driven by surface adatom migration which is strongly influenced by an Ehrlich-Schwoebel-type surface instability. The role of helium in this model is to drive germanium interstitial formation by ejecting germanium atoms from lattice sites, leading to germanium interstitial diffusion towards the sample surface and subsequent adatom and surface nanostructure formation.