bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quality control and shelf-life study of Ayush CCT formulation
Authors: Meena Ajay Kumar , Kumar Vijay , Sharma Preeti , Khanduri Shruti , Sharma Bhagwan Sahai , Singh Arjun , Singh Ravindra , Srikanth Narayanam , Dhiman Kartar Singh , Acharya Rabinarayan 
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND:
One of the most widely popular brews globally is green tea/black tea, prepared by steeping the leaves of Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze plant. The examination of shelf-life proves to be a crucial tool in Ayurvedic formulations, particularly for ensuring the prolonged durability of the finished products.

METHODS:
The formulation underwent shelf-life studies maintaining conditions at 30°C ± 2°C and 65% RH ± 5% RH. The shelf-life dynamics were scrutinized through withdrawals at 0 day and at 3-month intervals to maintain the efficacy over a period of 24 months. In the current research, notable alterations were not detected in diverse physical, chemical, and safety parameters studied for shelf-life assessment. These parameters include pH, loss on drying at 105°C, ash values, extractive values, microbial contamination, high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) profile, thermal analysis, and aflatoxins, all evaluated at different intervals throughout the entire study period.

RESULTS:
The current research study comprises of HPTLC fingerprint profiling of C. sinensis leaf and formulation, employing the solvent system of toluene: ethyl acetate: formic acid (6.5:3.4:0.1) with caffeine as the reference standard and safety parameters along with total phenolic content (6.9379 %w/w) and total flavonoid content (3.31 %w/w). The quantitative estimation values of caffeine in Ayush CCT and in C. sinensis leaf were 0.83% and 2.44%, respectively.

CONCLUSION:
It can be inferred that the Ayush CCT formulation demonstrates a shelf-life of more than 2 years. The study encompassed the assessment of shelf-life, as well as the qualitative and quantitative estimation of caffeine as a bioactive constituent in Ayush CCT formulation and C. sinensis extract.
Giant intra-abdominal desmoid-type fibromatosis infiltrating into the pancreas
Authors: Singh Ajit Kumar , Giri Ranjana , Pradhan Prita , Macwan Pankti Ilesh , Senapati Urmila , Sahu Subrat Kumar , Pujari Pran Singh 
Published: October 2024

Abstract:
Intra-abdominal desmoid-type fibromatosis is a proliferative fibroblastic lesion that constitutes 8% of all desmoid tumors and 0.03% of all neoplasm. It is histologically benign with a local aggressive nature and recurs even after excision. It can occur sporadically and or associated with familial adenomatous polyposis mutation. The present case is a 25-year-old female admitted with a chief complaint of abdominal mass gradually increasing in size in the last 6 months. Ultrasound of the whole abdomen initially suggested it to be a uterine/ovarian mass, which is further detailed by the contrast-enhanced computerized tomography (CT) scan. The CT scan showed a large heterodense intraperitoneal mass lesion measuring 34 cm × 25 cm × 16 cm with foci of calcification and necrosis. The mass extended superomedially. It displaced and compressed the stomach wall. It was abutting the peritoneum and was associated with diffuse peritoneal thickening anterolaterally. Posteriorly it was abutting small bowel loops and inferiorly extending into the pelvis and compressing the urinary bladder wall. Posterosuperiorly seems to abut the left kidney and spleen. Desmoid tumor and gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) remained as differentials radiologically and then the patient underwent laparotomy. Histology and immunohistochemistry confirmed it to be fibromatosis. It is, therefore, justified to describe the tumor by considering its rarity, difficulties in diagnosis, and therapeutic ambit.
Effectiveness of autologous interposition saphenous graft in the creation of proximal arteriovenous fistula: Our initial experience
Authors: Haldar Anindya , Mishra Sumanta Kumar , Panda Sumit Kumar 
Published: October 2024

Abstract:
For the individuals with end-stage renal disease, maintenance hemodialysis is a common treatment. When we compare to dialysis catheters or prosthetic grafts, arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is associated with a greater maturation period but a smaller incidence of infections, central venous stenosis, hospitalizations, and mortality. Fistulas mature by a dynamic process which is known as venous arterialization, where the breakdown of elastin and release of nitric oxide promote the functional and structural remodeling of the venous wall, permitting the expansion of venous outflow. Veins made them exposed to the arterial environment at the time of venous grafts and AVFs creation. Successful adaptation of the vein to the arterial flow is the most demanding part for long-term success, identified by venous dilation followed by wall thickening. Arteriovenous fistulas (AVF) and grafts (AV graft) are the commonest form of vascular access used for maintenance of hemodialysis. In general AVF is superior than AV graft in terms of its durability, patency, complication rate and overall survival of patients. But when the calibre of the vein is not satisfactory or length is not adequate to make tension free anastomosis, interposition graft is used. Most commonly used bridging material is polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) polymer. In this case, we used an interposition graft of the saphenous vein for making dialysis access on a 38 year old male patient having renal insufficiency and evaluated its efficacy in maintaining flow.
Dengue fever complicated by abscess formation: An atypical presentation
Authors: Mir Uzair Yousf 
Published: October 2024

Abstract:
Dengue fever is a mosquito-borne disease with a wide clinical spectrum, ranging from self-limiting mild sickness to expanded dengue syndrome (EDS). Despite extensive investigation into the immunological pathogenesis of dengue virus (DENV) infection, the precise mechanism remains unclear. DENV’s transitory reduction of host innate immunity could be the most likely cause of dengue-associated coinfections and/or superinfections. Furthermore, the dual infection can aggravate the clinical course of dengue fever. We document an unusual case of dengue fever in a 27-year-old healthy male, exacerbated by cellulitis and myositis involving the posterolateral compartment of the proximal and midcalf, which was later discovered to be an abscess. Blood culture showed methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus. This case shows the possibility of bacterial coinfections in dengue patients, especially in the context of immunosuppression, as well as the need for early recognition of atypical characteristics and the novel entity known as EDS.
A study on pathogenic aerobic bacteria of surgical site infection and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern in patients attending a hospital in Bhubaneswar, Odisha
Authors: Acharya Lovely , Nayak Sarita Kumari , Anshuman Anurup 
Published: October 2024

Abstract:

Introduction:
Identification of bacterial pathogens and their antibiotic susceptibility testing are vital for the effective treatment of surgical site infection (SSI).

Objective:
The objective of the study was to study the bacterial pathogens in patients with SSI and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern.

Methods:
Pus samples were collected using sterilized swab stick, and then, the samples were cultured in MacConkey and Blood agar and incubated for 24 h in bacterial incubator. The identification was done by using colony morphology, Gram staining technique, and biochemical tests. After identification, the antibiogram of organisms was done using Mueller–Hinton agar.

Results:
A total of 76 pus samples were collected from different specialties from SSIs. Out of which 53 samples were culture positive. The number of male patients who had SSI was higher than females. Maximum SSIs were observed in the orthopedics department followed by the surgery department and gynecology department. SSIs in surgery and orthopedics department were commonly seen in the age group 41–60 years. In the obstetrics and gynecology department, SSIs were seen mostly in the age group 21–40 years. In the surgery and orthopedics department, Staphylococcus aureus was the predominant organism and Klebsiella spp was the most common Gram-negative isolate. In the gynecology department, S. aureus was the predominant organism followed by Acinetobacter spp. Maximum sensitivity to Vancomycin and Linezolid was seen as the only Gram-positive isolate in all specialties. Gram-negative isolates from the Enterobacteriaceae family of all specialties were sensitive to tigecycline followed by imipenem and meropenem. Nonfermenters were mostly sensitive to polymyxin b/colistin, imipenem, and meropenem.

Conclusion:
The study gives an insight into aerobic bacterial pathogens and their antibiotic-sensitivity patterns isolated from SSI and there should be surveillance of SSI which helps to reduce the rate of SSI as well as appropriate use of antibiotics.
Protocol of a randomized controlled study to evaluate the efficacy of Shwadanshtradi Taila Abhyanga in pain management of Janusandhigata Vata vis-à-vis knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Raut Manoj , Mandalkar Pramod , Bhabad Pradeep , Wagh Anil , Mundada Pallavi , Singhal Richa 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND:
Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the leading causes of disability globally and is generally managed by various pharmacological modalities like analgesics, supplementations, intra-articular injections, physiotherapy, and self-management strategies. Ayurveda offers numerous interventions for the management of symptoms of OA. Abhyanga (massage with oil) is one of the clinically effective modalities for pain management in Janu Sandhigata Vata which is similar to the presentation of OA. However, the effect of Abhyanga with Shwadanshtradi Taila alone (without any internal medication), in reducing the severity of pain due to knee OA, in a specified duration, needs to be evaluated.

OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate the efficacy of Abhyanga with Shwadanshtradi Taila for seven days in relieving pain due to Janusandhigata Vata vis-à-vis knee OA.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This study is a single center, prospective, parallel arm, exploratory, single-blind, and randomized controlled clinical trial. Patients aged 35–70 years with persistent knee pain, morning stiffness under 30 min, and suspected or diagnosed unilateral or bilateral knee OA, those who are not taking regular anti-inflammatory/analgesic drugs or are not finding satisfactory relief with conventional treatments, are being included in the study. A total of 62 participants fulfilling the selection criteria will be enrolled in the study and allocated randomly to one of the two study arms. Participants are administered either Shwadanshtradi Taila or Tila Taila for Abhyanga (external oil massage) on the affected Janu Sandhi (knee joint) twice daily for seven days. The outcomes of the study include the severity of pain assessed by the visual analog scale (VAS) and change in functional disability assessed by the WOMAC scale and improvement in symptoms of Janu Sandhigata Vata. The outcomes are assessed at baseline, 7th day and 14th day.

DISCUSSION:
The outcomes of this study will inform about the efficacy of Abhyanga in the management of symptoms especially pain of knee OA in a specified duration of seven days without any internal medication. The study can generate leads for larger studies to prove the effectiveness of this simple and commonly practiced Ayurveda procedure in pain management in various musculoskeletal painful conditions.
Ayurveda interventions in the management of avascular necrosis of femoral head: A case report
Authors: Therokar Sagar , Aswathy Y. S. , Anandaraman P. V. , Dharmarajan Prasanth 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Avascular necrosis (AVN) of the femoral head is a progressive degenerative disease caused by an interruption of blood supply to the femoral head. Due to the similarity in its signs and symptoms, it can be correlated with Asthimajjagata Vata. According to Ayurveda, Vata, Pitta, and Raktadosha play an important role in the etiopathogenesis of AVN along with Asthi (~bones) and Majja Kshaya (decline in bone marrow). This case report highlights the outcomes of a customized Ayurveda treatment protocol for the management of Asthimajjagata Vata. A 42-year-old male patient, occasionally alcoholic, approached the outpatient department of the Ayurveda tertiary care hospital with pain and stiffness in both hip joints and difficulty in walking, sitting, and performing routine activities for about 6 months. Magnetic resonance imaging findings were suggestive of bilateral AVN (left > right, Ficat–Arlet stage 2). The patient was admitted to the inpatient department for 27 days and underwent Panchakarma procedures, including Rukshana (dehydrating therapy), Snehana (oleation), Virechana (therapeutic purgation), Patra Pinda Sweda (fomentation with bolus), and Basti Karma (therapeutic enema), along with Shamana Aushadha (internal medications). As a result of the treatment protocol, there was a marked improvement in the Harris Hip Score from 76 to 85, the Oxford Hip Score from 30 to 37, and the range of motion of the hip. Along with reduced pain (Visual Analog Scale score) from 8 to 3, the quality of life of the patient also improved, as assessed by the Short Form Health Survey-12 (physical component summary from 28.93 to 56.28 and mental component summary from 40.32 to 56.92). Based on these encouraging results, it can be presumed that a customized Ayurveda treatment protocol adopted in the management of AVN is promising.
Management of Guillain–Barre Syndrome through Basti (Medicated Enema) and Composite Ayurveda Treatment: A Case Report
Authors: Nakanekar Amit , Khobarkar Punam 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND:
Guillain–Barre syndrome (GBS) is a condition characterized by polyradiculoneuropathy associated with an immune-mediated response. Conventional therapies such as intravenous immunoglobulins and plasma exchange have been used to manage this condition, but they often result in unpleasant clinical and electrophysiological outcomes. The present case report describes traditional Ayurveda treatments, specifically Basti (medicated enema) and composite Ayurveda treatment, used to manage GBS. This report aims to provide insights into the effectiveness of traditional Ayurvedic treatments in managing GBS.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
In this case, the patient presented with complaints of tingling and numbness in the bilateral upper and lower limbs for 2 months, weakness in bilateral upper and lower limbs for 1 month, inability to stand and walk, pain in the lumbar region, intermittent constipation, and dysphagia since 1 month. The patient was diagnosed with Guillain–Barre syndrome based on clinical findings, electromyography, and nerve conduction velocity test (EMG-NCV). He received treatment from a private hospital, but his symptoms were aggravated, so he was referred to Government Ayurveda Hospital Nagpur for further clinical management. Plasma transfusion was done at PVT Hospital 15 days before. He was treated based on the treatment principles of Vatavyadhi Chikitsa, Vata Dosha Upkram, and Santarpan Chikitsa. The primary goals of the therapy were to nourish the bodily tissues (Santarpan) and pacify the Pitta Dosha (Pittaghna).

RESULTS:
The patient’s electromyography and nerve conduction velocity test (EMG-NCV) results showed acute demyelinating sensorimotor polyneuropathy involving both the upper limbs and lower limbs. Compared to before treatment, EMG-NCV studies showed definite improvement in compound motor action potential (CMAP) amplitudes more prominently in upper limbs after 4 months of therapy. The muscle power grade increased from 0 to 5, indicating a significant improvement. The bedridden patient can walk alone after the completion of treatment.

CONCLUSION:
This case study reveals that Ayurvedic treatment has the potential for significant recovery in GBS instances.
Right Ventricular Outflow Tract Perforation and Stenting for a Premature Neonate with Pulmonary Valve Atresia and Double Outlet Right Ventricle
Authors: Hussein Mohammed Rasool , Abed Maysam Yousif , Akram Nabeeha Najatee 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Pulmonary valve atresia (PVA) is a fatal pediatric cardiac condition and commonly associated with other anomalies such as double outlet right ventricle (DORV). There is a disagreement over the best surgical strategy for treating PVA in conjunction with DORV. Prematurely born neonates are considered high-risk group for early pulmonary artery shunt surgery as the staged repair is found to be associated with higher interstage mortality, while the primary repair may lead to frequent postrepair reinterventions due to the presence of associated developmental anomalies. In this report, we present the successful results of using percutaneous transcatheterization in a high-risk patient; a 6-h premature neonate who had DORV, PVA with other anomalies including situs inversus, levocardia, D-malposed great arteries without patent ductus arteriosus. This rapid interventional catheterization offered to the neonate has an immense advantage of lifesaving and the protection against the remolding effect on the right ventricle that usually develops when waiting for the palliative procedures or surgery to take place.
Morphometric Assessment of the Piriform Aperture and Its Clinical and Forensic Applications
Authors: Ominde Beryl Shitandi , Ikubor Joyce Ekeme , Jaiyeoba-Ojigho Jennifer Efe , Omoro Orovwoghene Faithful , Igbigbi Patrick Sunday 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background:
The piriform aperture (PA) is a midface structure that forms the anterior skeletal boundary of the nose. It is highly variant due to its physiological adaptations to the climate. Its variations are useful in forensic identification and reconstructive surgeries of the face. This study aimed at determining the PA’s dimensions and their accuracy in sex determination.

Materials and Methods:
The PA’s dimensions were retrospectively examined using 336 (199 males and 137 females) adult cranial computed tomography images in the database of the radiology unit of a university teaching hospital in Delta State, Nigeria, following institutional authorization. The aperture’s index was calculated as a ratio of height to width. The data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences Version 23. The sexual dimorphism in the parameters was assessed using an independent t-test. Association among the continuous variables was analyzed by Pearson’s correlation test. P = 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The percentage accuracy for correct sex prediction was assessed using the discriminant function analysis.

Results:
A significant relationship between dimensions with sex was observed (P < 0.05). The width of the aperture was the best sex-discriminating parameter (70.2%). The overall accuracy for sex discrimination using the aperture’s dimensions was 75.0%.

Conclusion:
This study provides the standard ranges for the PA’s width and height, valuable for surgical planning. These dimensions were sexually dimorphic and demonstrated an acceptable overall accuracy of correct sex allocation (75%). Consequently, this aperture may be utilized as a supplementary tool in conjunction with other methods for sex determination within studied population.
Proboscis Lateralis of the Nose
Authors: Swain Santosh Kumar 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Proboscis lateralis (PL) of the nose is a very uncommon craniofacial anomaly characterized by a rudimentary tubular nose-like structure seen a little away from the midline of the face. It may be associated with other anomalies such as heminasal aplasia, mental retardation, callosal agenesis, microphthalmia, heminasal hypoplasia, and atypical clefting syndrome. Patients with this congenital craniofacial malformation need proper evaluation with the help of a computed tomography scan to assess the growth of facial and skull bones. The esthetic aspects and psychological problems are often a concern for patient’s families. The cartilaginous part or bony support of the nose can be reconstructed following proper growth of the face. Here, we presented a male neonate of 15 days with PL of the nose. There was no evidence of cleft lip or cleft palate. Parents were counseled for staged repair at an early age to avoid anxiety and to allow proportionate growth of the nose and face.
Microbial keratitis at a single tertiary eye care in Andhra Pradesh: A 12-year analysis of microbiological profile and in vitro susceptibility of bacterial isolates
Authors: Madduri Bhagyasree , Mohan Nitin , Fernandez Merle , Joseph Joveeta 
Published: October 2024

Abstract:

CONTEXT:
Microbial keratitis is a potentially vision-threatening emergency that demands prompt diagnosis and treatment to ensure better vision recovery. Empirical use of broad-spectrum antimicrobial therapies is often the primary treatment modality, which is then tailored according to clinical response, cultured organisms, and their sensitivities. Since the spectrum of microbial agents associated with corneal ulcers is wide and varies from one geographical location to another, it is imperative that local microbial trends and susceptibility patterns are analyzed to enable better care in the management of these patients.

AIMS:
The aim of the study was to report the microbiological profile and in vitro drug susceptibility patterns of bacterial isolates obtained from patients with microbial keratitis in a single tertiary center in Andhra Pradesh over 12 years.

METHODS:
Microbiology records of culture-positive microbial keratitis that underwent a diagnostic corneal scraping and cultures from the years 2010 to 2021 were reviewed. Trends in bacterial and fungal etiology along with the antibiotic susceptibility profile of bacteria were analyzed.

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED:
Frequency distribution was obtained, and percentages were calculated.

RESULTS:
Of the 8529 microbial keratitis samples, 3581 corneal scrapings were culture positive which included Gram-positive bacteria (1054/3581, 29.4%), Gram-negative bacteria (476/3581, 13.2%), fungi (2051/3581, 57.2%), and parasites (369/3581, 10.3%). The most common fungal isolate was Fusarium species (557/1748, 31.8%) followed by Aspergillus flavus (495/1748, 28.3%). Similarly, the most common Gram-positive bacteria included Streptococcus pneumoniae (297/891, 33.3%) and Staphylococcus species (213/891, 23.9%), and the most common Gram-negative bacteria was Pseudomonas aeruginosa (294/403, 72.9%). Overall susceptibility patterns showed that Gram-positive bacteria were susceptible to vancomycin (92%), cefazolin (88%), and chloramphenicol (86%), while Gram-negative bacteria were most susceptible to gentamicin and amikacin (81%). The susceptibility to amikacin and gentamicin increased significantly from 71% in 2010 to 92% in 2021 and 74% in 2010 to 92% in 2021, respectively. In comparison, the susceptibility of fluoroquinolones for both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria did not show any significant change over the study period.

CONCLUSIONS:
The prevalence of fungal and bacterial keratitis has remained unchanged over the years. This study reinforced that fluoroquinolones and vancomycin continue to be good empiric therapies for treating bacterial keratitis in Andhra Pradesh.