bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of Rose Myrtle Rhodomyrtus tomentosa Seed Extract against Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease in Pacific Whiteleg Shrimp Penaeus vannamei
Authors: Dang Lua T. , Nguyen Hanh T. , Hoang Ha H. , Lai Ha N. T. , Nguyen Hai T. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) is a new emerging bacterial disease that has been recently reported to cause mass mortalities in Pacific whiteleg shrimp Penaeus vannamei. Antibiotics have been used to treat bacterial diseases in shrimp, but most of them have been ineffective and have resulted in drug residues in the harvested shrimp products. In this study, an alternative approach was tested for its efficacy in controlling AHPND. The extract of rose myrtle Rhodomyrtus tomentosa seed, a traditional Vietnamese medicine, was tested for antibacterial effect against three AHPND bacterial strains in vitro (Vibrio parahaemolyticus [VPAHPND] KC12.020, VPAHPND KC13.14.2, and V. harveyi KC13.17.5) and was further evaluated for its potential efficacy in prevention of AHPND in shrimp in vivo. The in vitro studies showed that the antibacterial activity of the R. tomentosa extract was dose dependent, with the strongest bacterial susceptibility (≥18.0 mm) at a concentration of around 3,500 μg/disc. The in vivo studies showed that after challenge with VPAHPND KC12.020, the survival rates for shrimp in the groups that received feed pellets supplemented with extract at 3.5% or 7.0% (survival ~48.9% and 52.2%, respectively) were significantly higher than the zero survival rate in the positive control group, which received feed without the extract. These results indicate that the use of the R. tomentosa extract as an alternative therapy for control of AHPND in shrimp could help to minimize disease outbreaks. As a result, the extract is further expected to reduce drug/chemical residues in shrimp products.
Implement a knowledge‐based automated dose volume histogram prediction module in Pinnacle3 treatment planning system for plan quality assurance and guidance
Authors: Xu Hao , Lu Jiayu , Wang Jiazhou , Fan Jiawei , Hu Weigang 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPurposeThis work aims to develop a knowledge‐based automated dose volume histogram (DVH) prediction module that serves as a plan quality evaluation tool and treatment planning guidance in commercial Pinnacle3 treatment planning system (Philips Radiation Oncology Systems, Fitchburg, WI, USA).MethodsThe knowledge‐based automated DVH prediction module was developed with kernel density estimation (KDE) method and applied for Pinnacle3 treatment planning system. Treatment plan data from 20 esophageal cancer cases were used for creating a module to predict DVHs. Twenty additional esophageal clinical plans were evaluated on the developed module. Predicted DVHs were compared with manual ones. Differences between the predicted and achieved DVHs were analyzed.ResultsThe plan evaluation module was successfully implemented in Pinnacle3 treatment planning system. Strong linear correlations were found between predicted and achieved DVH for organs at risk. Suboptimal treatment plan quality could be improved according to the predicted DVHs by the module.ConclusionThe knowledge‐based automated DVH prediction module implemented in Pinnacle3 could be used to efficiently evaluate the treatment plan quality and as guidance for further plan optimization.
Sulfurized Polyacrylonitrile Cathodes with High Compatibility in Both Ether and Carbonate Electrolytes for Ultrastable Lithium–Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Wang Xiaofei , Qian Yumin , Wang Lina , Yang Hao , Li Huilan , Zhao Yu , Liu Tianxi 
Published: July 2019

AbstractSulfurized polyacrylonitrile (SPAN) is a promising material capable of suppressing polysulfide dissolution in lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries with carbonate electrolyte. However, undesirable spontaneous formation of soluble polysulfides may arise in the ether electrolyte, and the conversion of sulfur in SPAN during the lithiation/delithiation processes is yet to be understood. Here, a highly reliable Li–S system using a freestanding fibrous SPAN cathode, as well as the sulfur conversion mechanism involved, is demonstrated. The SPAN shows high compatibility in both ether and carbonate electrolytes. The sulfur atoms existing in the form of short S2 and S3 chains are covalently bonded to the pyrolyzed PAN backbone. The electrochemical reduction of the SPAN by Li+ is a single‐phase solid–solid reaction with Li2S as the sole discharge product. Meanwhile, the parasitic reaction between Li+ and CN bonds exists upon the first discharge, and the residual Li+ enhances the conductivity of the backbone. The recharge ability and rate capability are kinetically dominated by the activation of Li2S nanoflakes generated during discharge. At 800 mA g−1, a specific capacity of 1180 mAh g−1 is realized without capacity fading in the measured 1000 cycles, which makes SPAN promising for practical application.
Waterproof, Breathable, and Antibacterial Self‐Powered e‐Textiles Based on Omniphobic Triboelectric Nanogenerators
Authors: Sala de Medeiros Marina , Chanci Daniela , Moreno Carolina , Goswami Debkalpa , Martinez Ramses V. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractMultifunctional electronic textiles (e‐textiles) incorporating miniaturized electronic devices will pave the way toward a new generation of wearable devices and human–machine interfaces. Unfortunately, the development of e‐textiles is subject to critical challenges, such as battery dependence, breathability, satisfactory washability, and compatibility with mass production techniques. This work describes a simple and cost‐effective method to transform conventional garments and textiles into waterproof, breathable, and antibacterial e‐textiles for self‐powered human–machine interfacing. Combining embroidery with the spray‐based deposition of fluoroalkylated organosilanes and highly networked nanoflakes, omniphobic triboelectric nanogenerators (RF‐TENGs) can be incorporated into any fiber‐based textile to power wearable devices using energy harvested from human motion. RF‐TENGs are thin, flexible, breathable (air permeability 90.5 mm s−1), inexpensive to fabricate (<0.04$ cm−2), and capable of producing a high power density (600 µW cm−2). E‐textiles based on RF‐TENGs repel water, stains, and bacterial growth, and show excellent stability under mechanical deformations and remarkable washing durability under standard machine‐washing tests. Moreover, e‐textiles based on RF‐TENGs are compatible with large‐scale production processes and exhibit high sensitivity to touch, enabling the cost‐effective manufacturing of wearable human–machine interfaces.
Mesoporous Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon‐Nanosphere‐Supported Isolated Single‐Atom Pd Catalyst for Highly Efficient Semihydrogenation of Acetylene
Authors: Feng Quanchen , Zhao Shu , Xu Qi , Chen Wenxing , Tian Shubo , Wang Yu , Yan Wensheng , Luo Jun , Wang Dingsheng , Li Yadong 
Published: July 2019

AbstractSemihydrogenation of acetylene in the ethylene feed is a vital step for the industrial production of polyethylene. Despite their favorable reaction activity and ethylene selectivity, the Pd‐based intermetallic compound and single‐atom alloy catalysts still suffer from the limitation of atomic utilization derived from the partial exposure of active Pd atoms. Herein, a hard‐template Lewis acid doping strategy is reported that can overcome the inefficient utilization of Pd atoms. In this strategy, N‐coordinated isolated single‐atomic Pd sites are fully embedded on the inner walls of mesoporous nitrogen‐doped carbon foam nanospheres (ISA‐Pd/MPNC). This synthetic strategy has been proved to be applicable to prepare other ISA‐M/MPNC (M = Pt and Cu) materials. This ISA‐Pd/MPNC catalyst with both high specific surface area (633.8 m2 g−1) and remarkably thin pore wall (1–2 nm) exhibits higher activity than that of its nonmesoporous counterpart (ISA‐Pd/non‐MPNC) catalyst by a factor of 4. This work presents an efficient way to tailor and optimize the catalytic activity and selectivity by atomic‐scale design and structural control.
On the Role of Contact Resistance and Electrode Modification in Organic Electrochemical Transistors
Authors: Paterson Alexandra F. , Faber Hendrik , Savva Achilleas , Nikiforidis Georgios , Gedda Murali , Hidalgo Tania C. , Chen Xingxing , McCulloch Iain , Anthopoulos Thomas D. , Inal Sahika 
Published: July 2019

AbstractContact resistance is renowned for its unfavorable impact on transistor performance. Despite its notoriety, the nature of contact resistance in organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) remains unclear. Here, by investigating the role of contact resistance in n‐type OECTs, the first demonstration of source/drain‐electrode surface modification for achieving state‐of‐the‐art n‐type OECTs is reported. Specifically, thiol‐based self‐assembled monolayers (SAMs), 4‐methylbenzenethiol (MBT) and pentafluorobenzenethiol (PFBT), are used to investigate contact resistance in n‐type accumulation‐mode OECTs made from the hydrophilic copolymer P‐90, where the deliberate functionalization of the gold source/drain electrodes decreases and increases the energetic mismatch at the electrode/semiconductor interface, respectively. Although MBT treatment is found to increase the transconductance three‐fold, contact resistance is not found to be the dominant factor governing OECT performance. Additional morphology and surface energy investigations show that increased performance comes from SAM‐enhanced source/drain electrode surface energy, which improves wetting, semiconductor/metal interface quality, and semiconductor morphology at the electrode and channel. Overall, contact resistance in n‐type OECTs is investigated, whilst identifying source/drain electrode treatment as a useful device engineering strategy for achieving state of the art n‐type OECTs.
Dendrite‐Free Zinc Deposition Induced by Multifunctional CNT Frameworks for Stable Flexible Zn‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Zeng Yinxiang , Zhang Xiyue , Qin Ruofei , Liu Xiaoqing , Fang Pingping , Zheng Dezhou , Tong Yexiang , Lu Xihong 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe current boom of safe and renewable energy storage systems is driving the recent renaissance of Zn‐ion batteries. However, the notorious tip‐induced dendrite growth on the Zn anode restricts their further application. Herein, the first demonstration of constructing a flexible 3D carbon nanotube (CNT) framework as a Zn plating/stripping scaffold is constituted to achieve a dendrite‐free robust Zn anode. Compared with the pristine deposited Zn electrode, the as‐fabricated Zn/CNT anode affords lower Zn nucleation overpotential and more homogeneously distributed electric field, thus being more favorable for highly reversible Zn plating/stripping with satisfactory Coulombic efficiency rather than the formation of Zn dendrites or other byproducts. As a consequence, a highly flexible symmetric cell based on the Zn/CNT anode presents appreciably low voltage hysteresis (27 mV) and superior cycling stability (200 h) with dendrite‐free morphology at 2 mA cm−2, accompanied by a high depth of discharge (DOD) of 28%. Such distinct performance overmatches most of recently reported Zn‐based anodes. Additionally, this efficient rechargeability of the Zn/CNT anode also enables a substantially stable Zn//MnO2 battery with 88.7% capacity retention after 1000 cycles and remarkable mechanical flexibility.
Facile and Efficient Atomic Hydrogenation Enabled Black TiO2 with Enhanced Photo‐Electrochemical Activity via a Favorably Low‐Energy‐Barrier Pathway
Authors: Wang Xiaodan , Mayrhofer Leonhard , Hoefer Markus , Estrade Sonia , Lopez‐Conesa Lluis , Zhou Hao , Lin Yuanjing , Peiró Francesca , Fan Zhiyong , Shen Hao , Schaefer Lothar , Moseler Michael , Braeuer Guenter , Waag Andreas 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBlack TiO2 has demonstrated a great potential for a variety of renewable energy technologies. However, its practical application is heavily hindered due to lack of efficient hydrogenation methods and a deeper understanding of hydrogenation mechanisms. Here, a simple and straightforward hot wire annealing (HWA) method is presented to prepare black TiO2 (H–TiO2) nanorods with enhanced photo‐electrochemical (PEC) activity by means of atomic hydrogen [H]. Compared to conventional molecular hydrogen approaches, the HWA shows remarkable effectiveness without any detrimental side effects on the device structure, and simultaneously the photocurrent density of H–TiO2 reaches 2.5 mA cm−2 (at 1.23 V vs reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE)). Due to the controllable and reproducible [H] flux, the HWA can be developed as a standard hydrogenation method for black TiO2. Meanwhile, the relationships between the wire temperatures, structural, optical, and photo‐electrochemical properties are systematically investigated to verify the improved PEC activity. Furthermore, the density functional theory (DFT) study provides a comprehensive insight not only into the highly efficient mechanism of the HWA approach but also its favorably low‐energy‐barrier hydrogenation pathway. The findings will have a profound impact on the broad energy applications of H–TiO2 and contribute to the fundamental understanding of its hydrogenation.
Oganesson ist ein Halbleiter: Über die relativitische Bandlückenkontraktion in den schwersten Edelgasen
Authors: Mewes Jan‐Michael , Jerabek Paul , Smits Odile R. , Schwerdtfeger Peter 
Published: July 2019

AbstractOganesson (Og) ist die jüngste Ergänzung der Gruppe 18 des Periodensystems. Untersuchungen der Elektronenstruktur von Og‐Atomen haben einen enormen Einfluss relativistischer Effekte aufgezeigt und damit die Frage aufgeworfen, ob das schwerste Edelgas seiner Stellung im Periodensystem gerecht wird. Um diese Frage zu beantworten, untersuchen wir hier die Elektronenstruktur der Edelgaskristalle mittels relativistischer Kohn‐Sham‐Dichtefunktionaltheorie und Vielteilchen‐Störungstheorie in Form der GW‐Methode. Für die elektronischen Bandlücken der bekannten Kristalle von Ne bis Xe zeigt sich dabei eine ausgezeichnete Übereinstimmung mit dem Experiment. Für die bisher unbekannten Kristalle von Rn und Og berechnen wir Bandlücken von 7.1 eV und 1.5 eV. Während der Wert für Rn damit im Einklang mit periodischen Trends steht, bricht die Bandlücke von Og vollständig mit diesen Trends. Die überraschend kleine Bandlücke von Og bedeutet zudem, dass die feste Form dieses superschweren Edelgases im starken Gegensatz zu allen leichteren Edelgasen ein Halbleiter ist.
The influence of Na2SO3/NaHSO3 on the formation process of low‐temperature ash deposition with an in situ measurement technique
Authors: Zhang Jiakai , Zhou Hao , Cen Kefa , Bai Zixian , Chen Zhenhuan 
Published: July 2019

AbstractUnderstanding the reduction mechanism of additives on ammonium bisulfate (ABS) fouling formation can alleviate ABS fouling problems. This paper presents an investigation of the influence of Na2SO3/NaHSO3 on the formation process of ABS fouling with an in situ measurement technique. According to the thickness curves, both Na2SO3 and NaHSO3 can control the growth of ABS fouling, but Na2SO3 shows a better inhibitory effect on the growth of ABS fouling. Meanwhile, the mitigation effect of the additive on ABS fouling increases with the increasing injection quantity of the additive. The results of the heat flux show that the heat transfer performance of the fouling probe becomes better with the injection of additives, whereas the heat transfer performance becomes worse with the increasing injection quantity of additives. The thermal resistance of ABS fouling provides a reasonable agreement with the results of the heat flux. The SEM‐EDX results show that the additives have an effect on the formation of ABS fouling by controlling the ABS concentration, which can increase the viscosity of the particle, promote the agglomeration of the fouling particle, and enhance the heat transfer of the ABS fouling, providing a rational explanation for the experimental results.
Microstructure and sulfonation of dual monomer‐grafted polypropylene nonwoven fabrics
Authors: Tao Ran , Pang Qinyu , Xu Tao , Xu Luyan , Yang Xuhong , Zhu Xinsheng 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTThe sulfonation of styrenic polymers often needs harsh reaction conditions, such as concentrated sulfuric acid and elevated temperature. The awkward situation is handled by grafting copolymerization of polar and nonpolar monomers, and essentially the surface wettability between sulfonating agent and matrix polymer is circumvented in the study. Two pairs of dual monomers, glycidyl methacrylate (GMA)‐acrylic acid (AA), styrene (St)‐acrylic acid (AA), were grafted onto polypropylene nonwoven fabrics (PP) using thermal polymerization, and the resulted fabrics were further sulfonated using sodium sulfite and sulfuric acid, respectively. The microstructure of the modified fabrics was characterized by infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The ion exchange property was verified by copper (II) removal from aqueous solution, and its reutilization was carried out in electrochemical desorption process. The results show that hydrophilic and active monomer AA speeds grafting and sulfonation, but overload of AA will deteriorate copolymerization of GMA, and switch copolymerization chain component due to acylation with benzene ring. Although interfacial compatilizer promotes dual grafting, its overdosing may intensify microphase segregation of the grafting polymers owing to emulsification. The resultant granular polymers will be drained off during functionalization and reutilization processes. The ion exchange fabrics can be applied for treatment of metal ion wastewaters with unique electrochemical desorption feature. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48300.
Vector error correction models to measure connectedness of Bitcoin exchange markets
Authors: Giudici Paolo , Pagnottoni Paolo 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBitcoins are traded on various exchange platforms and, therefore, prices may differ across trading venues. We aim to investigate return connectedness across eight of the major exchanges of Bitcoin, both from a static and a dynamic viewpoint. To this end, we employ an extension of the order‐invariant forecast error variance decomposition proposed by Diebold and Yilmaz (2012) to a generalized vector error correction framework. Our results suggest that there is strong connectedness among the exchanges, as expected, although some of them behave dissimilarly. We identify Bitfinex and Coinbase as leading exchanges during the considered period, while Kraken as a follower exchange. We also obtain that connectedness across exchanges is strongly dynamic, as it evolves over time.
Process‐induced cell cycle oscillations in CHO cultures: Online monitoring and model‐based investigation
Authors: Möller Johannes , Bhat Krathika , Riecken Kristoffer , Pörtner Ralf , Zeng An‐Ping , Jandt Uwe 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe influence of process strategies on the dynamics of cell population heterogeneities in mammalian cell culture is still not well understood. We recently found that the progression of cells through the cell cycle causes metabolic regulations with variable productivities in antibody‐producing Chimese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. On the other hand, it is so far unknown how bulk cultivation conditions, for example, variable nutrient concentrations depending on process strategies, can influence cell cycle‐derived population dynamics. In this study, process‐induced cell cycle synchronization was assessed in repeated‐batch and fed‐batch cultures. An automated flow cytometry set‐up was developed to measure the cell cycle distribution online, using antibody‐producing CHO DP‐12 cells transduced with the cell cycle‐specific fluorescent ubiquitination‐based cell cycle indicator (FUCCI) system. On the basis of the population‐resolved model, feeding‐induced partial self‐synchronization was predicted and the results were evaluated experimentally. In the repeated‐batch culture, stable cell cycle oscillations were confirmed with an oscillating G1 phase distribution between 41% and 72%. Furthermore, oscillations of the cell cycle distribution were simulated and determined in a (bolus) fed‐batch process with up to cells/ml. The cell cycle synchronization arose with pulse feeding only and ceased with continuous feeding. Both simulated and observed oscillations occurred at higher frequencies than those observable based on regular (e.g., daily) sample analysis, thus demonstrating the need for high‐frequency online cell cycle analysis. In summary, we showed how experimental methods combined with simulations enable the improved assessment of the effects of process strategies on the dynamics of cell cycle‐dependent population heterogeneities. This provides a novel approach to understand cell cycle regulations, control cell population dynamics, avoid inadvertently induced oscillations of cell cycle distributions and thus to improve process stability and efficiency.
Copper‐Coordinated Histidyl Bolaamphiphile Assembly as an Oxidative Catalyst: Coordination Structure and Catalytic Activity in Cyclohexane Oxidation
Authors: Keum Changjoon , Cho Junghyun , Park Sunggook , Lee Sang‐Yup 
Published: July 2019

AbstractSurface‐exposed imidazole moieties of a supramolecular self‐assembly of histidyl bolaamphiphile (HisC7) readily coordinate at transition metal ions. In this study, the Cu‐coordinated histidyl bolaamphiphile assembly (HisC7[Cu]) is demonstrated to be an effective oxidative catalyst, with a Fenton‐active copper center. HisC7[Cu] catalytically oxidized cyclohexane to produce cyclohexanol in the yield of 20.2 %, which is comparable to other homogeneous catalysts. The coordination sphere of the active copper center is investigated through various spectroscopic techniques in consideration of the catalytic activity. The highest catalytic activity is exhibited by the HisC7[Cu] catalyst prepared at a HisC7/Cu molar ratio of 0.75, where the copper center of HisC7[Cu] has a 1N3O coordination environment. The copper center with bidentate coordination to imidazole groups shows low activity due to the lack of open coordination sites. The HisC7[Cu] catalyst is applied to the oxidation of cyclohexane, and the reaction characteristics and reusability of HisC7[Cu] are studied.
Enzymatic Ring‐Opening Polymerization of Lactones: Traditional Approaches and Alternative Strategies
Authors: Engel Jennifer , Cordellier Alex , Huang Lei , Kara Selin 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBiodegradable polymers such as polylactides and other polylactones and their synthesis gain progressively importance. Enzymatic ring‐opening polymerization (eROP) is the next step sustainable synthesis of polyesters, also suitable for biomedical applications due to high selectivity and lack of toxic agents. The possibility for applying diverse reaction media ranging from traditional bulk and organic media to greener alternatives such as aqueous media, ionic liquids, and supercritical fluids may allow designing alternative non‐conventional processes with less environmental footprint. Target success criteria such as high molecular weight and uniformity of polymers, and conversion of monomers have to be carefully evaluated in these diverse media. Herein we discuss the influence of different reaction media and conditions such as water content, temperature and time on the polymer sizes achieved in eROPs and various approaches to improve the molecular weight and uniformity of polymers.