bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mapping Biodiversity Coast‐to‐Coast‐to‐Coast Across Canada's Three Oceans Using eDNA Metabarcoding
Authors: Jacquemot Loïc , Hunt Brian P. V. , Li Shaorong , Schulze Angela D. , Deeg Christoph M. , Sutherland Ben J. G. , Tabata Amy , Lovejoy Connie , Miller Kristina M. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTMarine biodiversity worldwide is rapidly declining, and nowhere is this more evident than in coastal ecosystems where the impacts of climate change and anthropogenic activities concentrate. The ongoing biodiversity crisis affects all components of the marine food web, but data required to monitor biodiversity shifts at continental scales are scarce and taxonomically and spatially heterogeneous. The application of environmental DNA metabarcoding can complement traditional approaches to monitoring marine biodiversity, but its efficiency in detecting large‐scale biogeographic breaks remains to be tested. Using 86 coastal surface water samples collected during the Canada C3 expedition in the summer of 2017, we investigated metazoan biodiversity across Canada's three oceans—North Pacific, Arctic and North Atlantic—using multi‐marker eDNA metabarcoding. The resulting dataset, combining information from seven separate amplicons, identified 1477 unique species ranging from zooplankton to marine mammals. We found that marine coastal biodiversity around Canada separated into four clusters that overlapped with known marine ecoregions, indicating a higher connectivity between the Arctic and Atlantic than between the Arctic and Pacific clusters. However, the detection of Pacific salmon eDNA in the Canadian Arctic suggests that these species may be extending their Pacific distribution range poleward. By comparing the distribution of eDNA with species occurrence recorded in the Ocean Biodiversity Information System (OBIS) for Canada and Alaska coastal waters, we identified 324 “unexpected” species. These results demonstrate the importance of primer selection for species‐specific applications of eDNA metabarcoding and provide a benchmark for further work aimed at validating species identification and map species distribution at large spatial scale. Our results showed that eDNA metabarcoding is a powerful method for monitoring biodiversity shifts at an interoceanic scale. Integrating eDNA into monitoring programs can provide valuable insights into biodiversity changes associated with climate change and contribute to filling gaps in the distribution of species‐at‐risk.
An Experimental Study on Behavior of Power Conditioning System for Photovoltaic Power Generation System Connected to End of Distribution Line
Authors: Yamanaka Hiroki , Yamaguchi Mayu , Matsuura Ippei , Shimizu Hirotaka 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTReverse power flow from a photovoltaic (PV) power generation system to distribution system is limited below a certain limit value. The behavior of a power conditioning system (PCS) for large capacity PV power generation system when the output power approached the output power limit value was experimentally estimated. Under the condition, the PCS became uncontrollable. It was pointed out that this phenomenon was caused by the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control of the PCS. Furthermore, some methods to avoid the uncontrollable condition of PCS were shown.
Phenotyping patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and heart failure
Authors: Becher Peter Moritz , Lindberg Felix , Benson Lina , Hage Camilla , Dahlström Ulf , Rosenkranz Stephan , Cosentino Francesco , Rosano Giuseppe M.C. , Blankenberg Stefan , Kirchhof Paulus , Braunschweig Frieder , Lund Lars H. , Savarese Gianluigi 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAimsChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and heart failure (HF) are prevalent comorbidities associated with significant morbidity/mortality. We assessed prevalence of, patient profiles and outcomes associated with COPD across the ejection fraction (EF) spectrum.MethodsHF patients enrolled in the Swedish HF registry between 2005 and 2021 were considered. Multivariable logistic regression models were fitted to assess patient characteristics independently associated with COPD and Cox regression models for investigating the associations between COPD and outcomes, that is, morbidity/mortality.ResultsAmong 97 904 HF patients, COPD prevalence was 13%, highest in HF with preserved EF [HFpEF: 16%, HF with mildly reduced EF (HFmrEF): 12%, HF with reduced EF (HFrEF): 11%]. Key patient characteristics independently associated with a diagnosis of COPD included higher EF, female sex, smoking, obstructive sleep disorder, peripheral artery disease, a lower educational level, more severe HF, more likely mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist and diuretic use but less likely use of angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers/angiotensin‐receptor‐neprilysin inhibitors (not in HFrEF), beta‐blockers, HF device therapies, and follow‐up in HF nurse‐led clinics. COPD was independently associated with a 15% higher risk of cardiovascular (CV) death/HF hospitalization [hazard ratio: 1.15 (95% confidence interval: 1.11–1.18)], CV death, non‐CV death, all‐cause death and HF hospitalizations, regardless of EF.ConclusionsCOPD was present in every eight patient with HF, and more common with preserved EF. Patients with COPD had more severe HF, heavier comorbidity burden and worse morbidity/mortality regardless of EF. Our results call for improved diagnostic and management strategies in patients with HF and COPD.
A Comprehensive Review on Capillary Electrophoresis–Mass Spectrometry in Advancing Biomolecular Research
Authors: Pont Laura , Vergara‐Barberán María , Carrasco‐Correa Enrique Javier 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis review provides an in‐depth exploration of capillary electrophoresis–mass spectrometry (CE–MS) in biomolecular research from 2020 to 2024. CE–MS emerges as a versatile and powerful tool due to its numerous advantages, facilitating the analysis of various biomolecules, including proteins, peptides, oligonucleotides, and other metabolites, such as lipids, carbohydrates, or amines, among others. The review extends to various CE modes and interfaces for the CE–MS coupling, offering comprehensive insights into their applications within biomolecular research. Furthermore, it effectively summarizes the conditions employed in CE–MS while also addressing critical aspects such as sample preparation requirements. Despite its advantages, the review highlights a gap between discovery and practical implementation, underscoring the need for large‐scale validation and method standardization to fully realize the potential of CE–MS in biomolecular research.
Digital Twin‐Enabled Deep Reinforcement Learning for Safety‐Guaranteed Flocking Motion of UAV Swarm
Authors: Li Zhilin , Lei Lei , Shen Gaoqing , Liu Xiaochang , Liu Xiaojiao 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTMulti‐agent deep reinforcement learning (MADRL) has become a typical paradigm for the flocking motion of UAV swarm in dynamic, stochastic environments. However, sim‐to‐real problems, such as reality gap, training efficiency, and safety issues, restrict the application of MADRL in flocking motion scenarios. To address these problems, we first propose a digital twin (DT)‐enabled training framework. With the assistance of high‐fidelity digital twin simulation, effective policies can be efficiently trained. Based on the multi‐agent proximal policy optimization (MAPPO) algorithm, we then design the learning approach for flocking motion with matching observation space, action space, and reward function. Afterward, we employ a distributed flocking center estimation algorithm based on position consensus. The estimated center is used as a policy input to improve the aggregation behavior. Moreover, we introduce a repulsion scheme, which applies an additional repulsion force to the action to prevent UAVs from colliding with neighbors and obstacles. Simulation results show that our method performs well in maintaining flocking formation and avoiding collisions, and has better decision‐making ability in near‐realistic environments.
Characterization of Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia With t(7;12)(q36;p13)
Authors: Östlund Anders , Waraky Ahmed , Staffas Anna , Sjögren Helene , De Moerloose Barbara , Arad‐Cohen Nira , Cheuk Daniel , Navarro Jose Maria Fernandez , Jahnukainen Kirsi , Kaspers Gertjan J. L. , Kovalova Zhanna , Pasauliene Ramune , Saks Kadri , Zeller Bernward , Norén‐Nyström Ulrika , Hasle Henrik , Fogelstrand Linda , Abrahamsson Jonas , Palmqvist Lars 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAcute myeloid leukemia (AML) with t(7;12)(q36;p13) is a recurrent translocation in AML in infants or very young children and was recently included in the World Health Organization (WHO) Classification of Hematolymphoid Tumors. AML with t(7;12) is reported to involve MNX1 and ETV6 signaling; however, the mechanism of leukemogenesis is not well understood, and the presence of MNX1::ETV6 fusion transcripts has only been confirmed in approximately 50% of cases. In contrast, high expression of MNX1 has been seen in all investigated cases. In this study, we investigated the clinical as well as biological characteristics of 12 pediatric AML with t(7;12) and performed whole transcriptome (WTS) and whole genome sequencing (WGS) on six of these. There was no significant difference in event‐free survival or overall survival of these t(7;12) AML patients compared with other AML in the same age group. Interestingly, WTS identified several fusion transcripts involving ETV6 but not together with MNX1. WGS identified the genomic breakpoints and revealed that a common fusion partner on chromosome 7 was NOM1. Principal component analysis (PCA) of the WTS data showed that all t(7;12) AML cases cluster together, separate from all other pediatric AML subtypes; all cases had high expression of MNX1, MNX1‐AS1, and MNX1‐AS2. Hence, t(7;12) AML, despite expressing different fusion transcripts and with varying translocation breakpoints, constitutes a phenotypically homogenous subgroup. This underlines that the leukemia‐driving event most likely is ectopic expression of MNX1 and that this therefore should be the defining Classifying criteria of this type of AML.
Acid Fast Positivity Rate and Associated Factors of Leprosy in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Northeastern Ethiopia: Its Implication for Evidence‐Based Leprosy Prevention and Control
Authors: Gedefie Alemu , Shibabaw Agumas , Mulatie Zewudu , Ebrahim Hussen , Debash Habtu , Tilahun Mihret , Alemayehu Ermiyas , Belete Melaku Ashagrie , Mohammed Ousman , Tekele Saba Gebremichael , Weldehanna Daniel Gebretsadik , Eshetu Bruktawit 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackground and AimLeprosy is one of the most common skin neglected tropical diseases in Ethiopia posing social stigma, physical disability, deformity, discrimination, loss of social status, and poor quality of life in families. Hence, evidence‐based collaborative inter‐sectoral actions should be performed to reduce and eliminate its burden in endemic areas. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the acid‐fast positivity rate and associated factors of leprosy among suspected cases in Northeastern Ethiopia: a cross‐sectional study.MethodA cross‐sectional study was conducted from September 2022 to March 2023 among 256 leprosy‐suspected cases selected using a simple random sampling technique. A semi‐structured questionnaire was used to collect socio‐demographic, clinical, and predictor variables of leprosy through face‐to‐face interviews. Skin slit specimens were collected and stained using Ziehl–Neelsen staining technique. STATA 17 was used for analysis. The scale reliability coefficient was checked using Cronbach's α and the goodness‐of‐fit test of the model was assessed by the Hosmer–Lemshow test. Moreover, bivariable and multivariable logistic regression were computed. Finally, variables with an adjusted odds ratio and their p < 0.05 were taken as statistically significant.ResultThe mean ± standard deviation of the age of participants was 43.25 ± 16.35. The overall, prevalence of acid‐fast positivity among suspected cases was 19.6% (95% CI: 15.8%, 23.4%). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that sex being male (p = 0.045), rural residence (p = 0.047), not eating three times meals frequency (p = 0.014), not eating a balanced diet (p = 0.036), poor personal hygiene (p = 0.028), distant from health facility (p = 0.039), not washing hands usually (p = 0.013), presence of current co‐infection (p = 0.002), type of leprosy (p = 0.004), and close contact with leprosy cases (p = 0.003) were more likely to be positive for leprosy.ConclusionThe prevalence of leprosy was remained high. Thus, early detection and treatment are necessary to reduce delayed diagnosis and hidden transmission of leprosy in the community. By addressing the driving factors through evidence‐based intervention, we can significantly control the burden of leprosy in the affected communities, and improve their health outcomes and quality of life.
Are People Living With Dementia Receiving High Intensity Statin Therapy After Stroke? A Population‐Based Cohort Study
Authors: Picton Leonie , George Johnson , Bell J. Simon , Ilomäki Jenni 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackground and AimsThis Australian population‐based study investigated statin intensity after hospitalization for ischemic stroke in a matched cohort of people living with and without dementia.MethodsWe identified all patients aged ≥ 30 years hospitalized in the state of Victoria, Australia, for ischemic stroke from July 1, 2013 to April 30, 2018 from the Victorian Admitted Episodes Data set. People with dementia were matched 1:4 for sex, 5‐year age group and index date ± 90 days with people without dementia. Records of statin dispensing within 60 days postdischarge were extracted from prescription claims data. The intensity of the first postdischarge statin dispensing was determined. Odds ratios for high versus low‐moderate intensity and no statin dispensing were estimated using multinomial logistic regression adjusted for factors including age, sex, and comorbidity.ResultsThe cohorts comprised 11,105 people (dementia: N = 2221; without dementia: N = 8884 and 52% were female. Compared to people without dementia, people with dementia had 35% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 24%–44%) lower odds of receiving a high intensity versus a low‐moderate intensity statin and 54% (95% CI: 48%–59%) lower odds of receiving a high intensity versus no statin. Compared to men, women with and without dementia had 16% (95% CI: 5%–25%) lower odds of receiving a high‐ versus low‐moderate intensity statin and 28% (95% CI: 19%–35%) lower odds of receiving a high intensity versus no statin.ConclusionsPeople living with dementia are less likely to receive high‐intensity statins post‐discharge compared to people without dementia. There is a gender gap in receipt of guideline‐recommended high‐intensity statin therapy for secondary prevention after ischemic stroke.Clinical ImplicationsGuidelines recommend all people with reasonable life expectancy receive a high‐intensity statin after stroke to reduce the risk of recurrent stroke and other adverse cardiovascular events. More research is needed to understand why people living with dementia might not receive guideline recommended care, and how statin use and statin intensity impact the health outcomes of people living with dementia and stroke.
Psychometric Properties of the Cardiac Rehabilitation Self‐Efficacy Questionnaire in Heart Failure Patients: A Cross Sectional Study Using Health Action Process Approach Perspective
Authors: Fallah Zahra , Feizi Awat , Sadeghi Masoumeh , Hadavi Mohammad Mahdi , Shahnazi Hossein 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackground and AimThe present study aimed to develop and psychometrically evaluate the exercise self‐efficacy tool within the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) framework among heart failure patients undergoing cardiac rehabilitation.MethodsThis study assessed 205 patients who had suffered heart attacks at the Shahid Chamran Cardiac Rehabilitation Center of Isfahan. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was employed to evaluate the construct. Internal reliability was determined using Cronbach's alpha. Additionally, external reliability was measured through a test‐retest approach.ResultsEFA identified four factors within the self‐efficacy questions (task self‐efficacy 1, task self‐efficacy 2, coping self‐efficacy, and recovery self‐efficacy), which accounted for 70.1% of the total variance explained. The Cronbach's alpha coefficients were as follows: 0.836 for the first factor, 0.896 for the second factor, 0.921 for the third factor, 0.914 for the fourth factor, and 0.9 for the overall instrument. The intra‐class correlation coefficient was 0.901 for the first factor, 0.887 for the second factor, 0.826 for the third factor, and 0.885 for the fourth factor.ConclusionThe cardiac rehabilitation self‐efficacy questionnaire exhibited high validity, reliability, and desirable item commonalities. Therefore, it can be effectively employed in pertinent HAPA‐based studies involving heart failure patients.
The Association of Nasal and Blood Eosinophils with Serum IgE Level in Allergic Rhinitis and Asthma: A Case‐Control Study
Authors: Torabizadeh Mehdi , Aghaei Mojtaba , Saki Najmaldin , Vahid Mohammad A. , Bitaraf Saeid , Bandar Bita 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackground and AimsAllergic rhinitis and asthma are two common respiratory diseases with allergic etiology in the world's population. Eosinophils and serum IgE levels have been known as inflammatory allergy markers for many years. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation of nasal and blood eosinophils with serum IgE levels in allergic rhinitis and asthma patients.MethodsThis prospective study was done on patients (n = 78) diagnosed with asthma (n = 20), allergic rhinitis (n = 49), and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) (n = 9) at our hospital in Ahvaz City, Iran. The age of participants in our study ranged from 3 to 73 years, and all of them were subjected to a complete blood count (CBC) test, nasal smear, and determination of serum IgE levels after their consent.ResultsThere was no correlation between serum IgE level and nasal eosinophil count (p = 0.728) or between serum IgE level and blood eosinophil count (p = 0.657); however, a positive correlation was detected between blood and nasal eosinophil levels (p = 0.003).ConclusionThere is no significant relationship between serum IgE level and eosinophil count in the blood and nasal secretions. Serum IgE level and blood or nasal eosinophil count are both useful biomarkers for monitoring allergic rhinitis and asthma individually, but no diagnostic conclusion can be drawn from their correlation.
Toddlers' emotion vocalizations during peer conflicts and contingent teacher interventions in early care and education settings
Authors: Lopez Lukas D. , Kwon Kyong‐Ah , Jeon Hyun‐Joo , Dewhirst Courtney , Kim Sun Geun , Jensen Francisca 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis study used naturalistic audio–visual recordings from early care and education (ECE) settings to examine the associations between toddlers' (76 toddlers, 40 female, M
age = 32.94 months, SD = 4.92 months) multimodal emotion expressions and emotion‐related vocalizations with contingent teacher interventions. Findings indicated a correspondence between multimodal emotion expressions and emotion‐related vocalizations, such that screams and yells corresponded with anger expressions, and cries corresponded with sadness expressions. Time series analysis indicated that toddlers' emotion vocalizations significantly predicted subsequent contingent teacher interventions. Specifically, toddlers' multimodal sadness expressions with vocalizations increased the likelihood of evoking a contingent teacher response seven times more than other emotions and vocalizations. Implications for multimodal emotion correspondences, emotion dynamics, and toddlers' distress expressions are discussed.
The link between early iconic gesture comprehension and receptive language
Authors: Doğan Işıl , Özer Demet , Aktan‐Erciyes Aslı , Furman Reyhan , Demir‐Lira Ö. Ece , Özçalışkan Şeyda , Göksun Tilbe 
Published: November 2024

AbstractChildren comprehend iconic gestures relatively later than deictic gestures. Previous research with English‐learning children indicated that they could comprehend iconic gestures at 26 months, a pattern whose extension to other languages is not yet known. The present study examined Turkish‐learning children's iconic gesture comprehension and its relation to their receptive vocabulary knowledge. Turkish‐learning children between the ages of 22‐ and 30‐month‐olds (N = 92, M = 25.6 months, SD = 1.6; 51 girls) completed a gesture comprehension task in which they were asked to choose the correct picture that matched the experimenter's speech and iconic gestures. They were also administered a standardized receptive vocabulary test. Children's performance in the gesture comprehension task increased with age, which was also related to their receptive vocabulary knowledge. When children were categorized into younger and older age groups based on the median age (i.e., 26 months—the age at which iconic gesture comprehension was present for English‐learning children), only the older group performed at chance level in the task. At the same time, receptive vocabulary was positively related to gesture comprehension for younger but not older children. These findings suggest a shift in iconic gesture comprehension at around 26 months and indicate a possible link between receptive vocabulary knowledge and iconic gesture comprehension, particularly for children younger than 26 months.
Clinical Significance of Combined Detection of CCL22 and IL‐1 as Potential New Bronchial Inflammatory Mediators in Children's Asthma
Authors: Cui Lei , Song Xiaozhen , Peng Yanping , Shi Min 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundsSevere asthma is a significant health burden because children with severe asthma are vulnerable to medication‐related side effects, life‐threatening deterioration, and impaired quality of life. However, there is a lack of data to elucidate the role of inflammatory variables in asthma. This study aimed to compare the levels of inflammatory factors in serum and sputum in children with acute and stable asthma to those in healthy children and the ability to predict clinical response to azithromycin therapy.MethodsThis study recruited 95 individuals aged 1−3 years old and collected data from January 2018 to 2020. We examined serum and sputum inflammatory factors and constructed the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) model. Predictive models were constructed through multifactor logistic regression and presented in the form of column‐line plots. The performance of the column‐line diagrams was measured by subject work characteristics (ROC) curves, calibration plots, and decision curve analysis (DCA). Then, filter‐paper samples were collected from 45 children with acute asthma who were randomly assigned to receive either azithromycin (10 mg/kg, n = 22) or placebo (n = 23). Pretreatment levels of immune mediators were then analyzed and compared with clinical response to azithromycin therapy.ResultsOf the 95 eligible participants, 21 (22.11%) were healthy controls, 29 (30.53%) had stable asthma, and 45 (47.37%) had acute asthma. The levels of interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ), tumor necrosis factor‐a (TNF‐α), chemokine CCL22 (CCL22), interleukin 12 (IL‐12), chemokine CCL4 (CCL4), chemokine CCL2 (CCL2), and chemokine CCL13 (CCL13）were significantly higher in the acute asthma group than in the stable asthma group. A logistic regression analysis was performed using CCL22 and IL‐1 as independent variables. Additionally, IFN‐γ, TNF‐α, IL‐1, IL‐13, and CCL22 were identified in the LASSO model. Finally, we found that CCL22 and IL‐1 were more responsive in predicting the response to azithromycin treatment.ConclusionOur results show that CCL22 and IL‐1 are both representative markers during asthma symptom exacerbations and an immune mediator that can predict response to azithromycin therapy.