bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maternal symptoms of depression and sensitivity mediate the relation between maternal history of early adversity and her child temperament: The inheritance of circumstance
Authors: Bouvette-Turcot Andrée-Anne , Fleming Alison S. , Unternaehrer Eva , Gonzalez Andrea , Atkinson Leslie , Gaudreau Hélène , Steiner Meir , Meaney Michael J. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractWe examined maternal depression and maternal sensitivity as mediators of the association between maternal childhood adversity and her child's temperament in 239 mother–child dyads from a longitudinal, birth cohort study. We used an integrated measure of maternal childhood adversity that included the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire and the Parental Bonding Index. Maternal depression was assessed with the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale at 6 months postpartum. Maternal sensitivity was assessed with the Ainsworth maternal sensitivity scales at 6 months. A measure of “negative emotionality/behavioral dysregulation” was derived from the Early Childhood Behaviour Questionnaire administered at 36 months. Bootstrapping-based mediation analyses revealed that maternal depression mediated the effect of maternal childhood adversity on offspring negative emotionality/behavioral dysregulation (95% confidence interval [0.026, 0.144]). We also found a serial, indirect effect of maternal childhood adversity on child negative emotionality/behavioral mediated first by maternal depression and then by maternal sensitivity (95% confidence interval [0.031, 0.156]). Results suggest the intergenerational transmission of the effects of maternal childhood adversity to the offspring occurs through a two-step, serial pathway, involving maternal depression and maternal sensitivity.
Non-operating room anaesthesia for embolisation of ductus closure device to the pulmonary artery in a child with patent ductus arteriosus
Authors: Kılıç Yeliz , Harbelioğlu Mehmet Ali 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTPatent ductus arteriosus is among the most common congenital heart diseases. With the increasing use of transcatheter closure procedures, the incidence of complications related to the procedure has increased. Embolization of the ductus closure device to the pulmonary artery is a very rare complication. Since those procedures are often performed under non-operating room anesthesia, anesthetic management of such patients is of great importance. Herein, anesthetic management of embolization of the ductus closure device to the pulmonary artery in a little girl was presented. This is the first case regarding the anesthetic management of such complication.
Dosimetric changes achieved and changes in target and parotid volumes in patients undergoing adaptive planning during chemoradiation therapy with helical delivery of treatment
Authors: Cummings Michael A. , Youn Paul , Abu-Aita Rami , Herman Amy , Hare Mary Z. , Zhang Hong , Chen Yuhchyau , Singh Deepinder P. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAim:Re-planning mid-treatment, with the adjustment of target volumes, has been performed as part of the normal workflow at our institution. We sought to quantify the benefit of this approach and identify factors to optimise plan adaptive strategies.Materials and methods:Patients with locally advanced oropharyngeal cancer treated to 70 Gy with concurrent chemoradiation (CCRT) on TomoTherapy® who underwent re-planning during the treatment were eligible. Survival and prognostic factors were evaluated with Kaplan–Meier and Cox proportional hazards, two-sidep-value <0·05 significant.Results:Forty-two patients were identified with Stage III (n= 5), IVA (n= 34) and IVB (n= 3) [AJCC 7th] disease. Median re-planning dose was 40 Gy (14–60 Gy). Median change in mean total parotid dose was reduction of 1 Gy (range –7·5 Gy to +13·9 Gy). The volume of PTV70 and PTV60 receiving 99% of the prescribed (V99) dose was increased by 2·2% (–3·3 to +16·6%) and 1·9% (–11·5 to +12·6%) by re-planning. As a continuous variable, increasing per cent nodal regression was associated with the improved disease control in a multivariate model including stage, pack years smoking and human papilloma viral (HPV) status (HR: 0·85, 0·71–0·99,p= 0·05).Findings:Adaptive planning generates a superior plan for the majority of patients, but there is modest overall parotid gland sparing.
Desertion as theft
Authors: Piano Ennio E. , Rouanet Louis 
Published: June 2019

AbstractTo be effective, an army must contain the extent of desertion among its ranks. This phenomenon rose to particular prominence in Europe during the 18th and 19th centuries, with the appearance of the figure of the “citizen-soldier” on the battlefield. This paper offers the first theoretical treatment of the issue of desertion from an economic perspective. Building on the work of Yoram Barzel on the “economic analysis of property rights,” we develop a “desertion as theft” framework. We then test the empirical implications of the framework against qualitative and quantitative evidence from Napoleonic France.
The PREVIEW Study
Authors: Huttunen-Lenz Maija , Hansen Sylvia , Larsen Thomas Meinert , Christensen Pia , Drummen Mathijs , Adam Tanja , Taylor Moira A. , Simpson Elizabeth , Martinez Jose A. , Navas-Carretero Santiago , Handjieva-Darlenska Teodora , Poppitt Sally D. , Silvestre Marta P. , Fogelholm Mikael , Jalo Elli , Muirhead Roslyn , Brodie Shannon , Raben Anne , Schlicht Wolfgang 
Published: June 2019

Abstract. Individuals at risk of Type 2 Diabetes are advised to change health habits. This study investigated how the PREMIT behavior modification intervention and its association with socio-economic variables influenced weight maintenance and habit strength in the PREVIEW study. Overweight adults with pre-diabetes were enrolled ( n = 2,224) in a multi-center RCT including a 2-month weight-loss phase and a 34-month weight-maintenance phase for those who lost ≥ 8% body weight. Initial stages of the PREMIT covered the end of weight-loss and the beginning of weight-maintenance phase (18 weeks). Cross-sectional and longitudinal data were explored. Frequent PREMIT sessions attendance, being female, and lower habit strength for poor diet were associated with lower weight re-gain. Being older and not in employment were associated with lower habit strength for physical inactivity. The PREMIT appeared to support weight loss maintenance. Younger participants, males, and those in employment appeared to struggle more with inactivity habit change and weight maintenance.
The reach of gene–culture coevolution in animals
Authors: Whitehead Hal , Laland Kevin N. , Rendell Luke , Thorogood Rose , Whiten Andrew 
Published: June 2019

AbstractCulture (behaviour based on socially transmitted information) is present in diverse animal species, yet how it interacts with genetic evolution remains largely unexplored. Here, we review the evidence for gene–culture coevolution in animals, especially birds, cetaceans and primates. We describe how culture can relax or intensify selection under different circumstances, create new selection pressures by changing ecology or behaviour, and favour adaptations, including in other species. Finally, we illustrate how, through culturally mediated migration and assortative mating, culture can shape population genetic structure and diversity. This evidence suggests strongly that animal culture plays an important evolutionary role, and we encourage explicit analyses of gene–culture coevolution in nature.
Neuronal differentiation and cell-cycle programs mediate response to BET-bromodomain inhibition in MYC-driven medulloblastoma
Authors: Bandopadhayay Pratiti , Piccioni Federica , O’Rourke Ryan , Ho Patricia , Gonzalez Elizabeth M. , Buchan Graham , Qian Kenin , Gionet Gabrielle , Girard Emily , Coxon Margo , Rees Matthew G. , Brenan Lisa , Dubois Frank , Shapira Ofer , Greenwald Noah F. , Pages Melanie , Balboni Iniguez Amanda , Paolella Brenton R. , Meng Alice , Sinai Claire , Roti Giovanni , Dharia Neekesh V. , Creech Amanda , Tanenbaum Benjamin , Khadka Prasidda , Tracy Adam , Tiv Hong L. , Hong Andrew L. , Coy Shannon , Rashid Rumana , Lin Jia-Ren , Cowley Glenn S. , Lam Fred C. , Goodale Amy , Lee Yenarae , Schoolcraft Kathleen , Vazquez Francisca , Hahn William C. , Tsherniak Aviad , Bradner James E. , Yaffe Michael B. , Milde Till , Pfister Stefan M. , Qi Jun , Schenone Monica , Carr Steven A. , Ligon Keith L. , Kieran Mark W. , Santagata Sandro , Olson James M. , Gokhale Prafulla C. , Jaffe Jacob D. , Root David E. , Stegmaier Kimberly , Johannessen Cory M. , Beroukhim Rameen 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBET-bromodomain inhibition (BETi) has shown pre-clinical promise for MYC-amplified medulloblastoma. However, the mechanisms for its action, and ultimately for resistance, have not been fully defined. Here, using a combination of expression profiling, genome-scale CRISPR/Cas9-mediated loss of function and ORF/cDNA driven rescue screens, and cell-based models of spontaneous resistance, we identify bHLH/homeobox transcription factors and cell-cycle regulators as key genes mediating BETi’s response and resistance. Cells that acquire drug tolerance exhibit a more neuronally differentiated cell-state and expression of lineage-specific bHLH/homeobox transcription factors. However, they do not terminally differentiate, maintain expression of CCND2, and continue to cycle through S-phase. Moreover, CDK4/CDK6 inhibition delays acquisition of resistance. Therefore, our data provide insights about the mechanisms underlying BETi effects and the appearance of resistance and support the therapeutic use of combined cell-cycle inhibitors with BETi in MYC-amplified medulloblastoma.
Lysine 68 acetylation directs MnSOD as a tetrameric detoxification complex versus a monomeric tumor promoter
Authors: Zhu Yueming , Zou Xianghui , Dean Angela E. , Brien Joseph O’ , Gao Yucheng , Tran Elizabeth L. , Park Seong-Hoon , Liu Guoxiang , Kieffer Matthew B. , Jiang Haiyan , Stauffer Melissa E. , Hart Robert , Quan Songhua , Satchell Karla J. F. , Horikoshi Nobuo , Bonini Marcelo , Gius David 
Published: June 2019

AbstractManganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) functions as a tumor suppressor; however, once tumorigenesis occurs, clinical data suggest MnSOD levels correlate with more aggressive human tumors, implying a potential dual function of MnSOD in the regulation of metabolism. Here we show, using in vitro transformation and xenograft growth assays that the MnSOD-K68 acetylation (Ac) mimic mutant (MnSODK68Q) functions as a tumor promoter. Interestingly, in various breast cancer and primary cell types the expression of MnSODK68Q is accompanied with a change of MnSOD’s stoichiometry from a known homotetramer complex to a monomeric form. Biochemical experiments using the MnSOD-K68Q Ac-mimic, or physically K68-Ac (MnSOD-K68-Ac), suggest that these monomers function as a peroxidase, distinct from the established MnSOD superoxide dismutase activity. MnSODK68Q expressing cells exhibit resistance to tamoxifen (Tam) and cells selected for Tam resistance exhibited increased K68-Ac and monomeric MnSOD. These results suggest a MnSOD-K68-Ac metabolic pathway for Tam resistance, carcinogenesis and tumor progression.
Regulation of PCNA cycling on replicating DNA by RFC and RFC-like complexes
Authors: Kang Mi-Sun , Ryu Eunjin , Lee Seung-Won , Park Jieun , Ha Na Young , Ra Jae Sun , Kim Yeong Jae , Kim Jinwoo , Abdel-Rahman Mohamed , Park Su Hyung , Lee Kyoo-young , Kim Hajin , Kang Sukhyun , Myung Kyungjae 
Published: June 2019

AbstractReplication-Factor-C (RFC) and RFC-like complexes (RLCs) mediate chromatin engagement of the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). It remains controversial how RFC and RLCs cooperate to regulate PCNA loading and unloading. Here, we show the distinct PCNA loading or unloading activity of each clamp loader. ATAD5-RLC possesses the potent PCNA unloading activity. ATPase motif and collar domain of ATAD5 are crucial for the unloading activity. DNA structures did not affect PCNA unloading activity of ATAD5-RLC. ATAD5-RLC could unload ubiquitinated PCNA. Through single molecule measurements, we reveal that ATAD5-RLC unloaded PCNA through one intermediate state before ATP hydrolysis. RFC loaded PCNA through two intermediate states on DNA, separated by ATP hydrolysis. Replication proteins such as Fen1 could inhibit the PCNA unloading activity of Elg1-RLC, a yeast homolog of ATAD5-RLC in vitro. Our findings provide molecular insights into how PCNA is released from chromatin to finalize DNA replication/repair.
Cross-dimensional electron-phonon coupling in van der Waals heterostructures
Authors: Lin Miao-Ling , Zhou Yu , Wu Jiang-Bin , Cong Xin , Liu Xue-Lu , Zhang Jun , Li Hai , Yao Wang , Tan Ping-Heng 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe electron-phonon coupling (EPC) in a material is at the frontier of the fundamental research, underlying many quantum behaviors. van der Waals heterostructures (vdWHs) provide an ideal platform to reveal the intrinsic interaction between their electrons and phonons. In particular, the flexible van der Waals stacking of different atomic crystals leads to multiple opportunities to engineer the interlayer phonon modes for EPC. Here, in hBN/WS2 vdWH, we report the strong cross-dimensional coupling between the layer-breathing phonons well extended over tens to hundreds of layer thick vdWH and the electrons localized within the few-layer WS2 constituent. The strength of such cross-dimensional EPC can be well reproduced by a microscopic picture through the mediation by the interfacial coupling and also the interlayer bond polarizability model in vdWHs. The study on cross-dimensional EPC paves the way to manipulate the interaction between electrons and phonons in various vdWHs by interfacial engineering for possible interesting physical phenomena.
Bio-inspired iron-catalyzed oxidation of alkylarenes enables late-stage oxidation of complex methylarenes to arylaldehydes
Authors: Hu Penghui , Tan Mingxi , Cheng Lu , Zhao Hongyuan , Feng Rui , Gu Wei-Jin , Han Wei 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIt is a long-standing challenge to achieve efficient and highly selective aerobic oxidation of methylarenes to benzaldehydes, owing to overoxidation problem stemming from the oxidizability of benzaldehyde far higher than the toluene under usual aerobic conditions. Herein we report a bio-inspired iron-catalyzed polymethylhydrosiloxane-promoted aerobic oxidation of methylarenes to benzaldehydes with high yields and selectivities. Notably, this method can tolerate oxidation-labile and reactive boronic acid group, which is normally required to be transformed immediately after its introduction, and represents a significant advance in the area of the chemistry of organoboronic acids, including the ability to incorporate both aldehyde and ketone functionalities into unprotected arylboronic acids, a class that can be difficult to access by current means. The robustness of this protocol is demonstrated on the late-stage oxidation of complex bioactive molecules, including dehydroabietic acid, Gemfibrozil, Tocopherol nicotinate, a complex polyol structure, and structurally complex arylboronic acids.
DHX36 prevents the accumulation of translationally inactive mRNAs with G4-structures in untranslated regions
Authors: Sauer Markus , Juranek Stefan A. , Marks James , De Magis Alessio , Kazemier Hinke G. , Hilbig Daniel , Benhalevy Daniel , Wang Xiantao , Hafner Markus , Paeschke Katrin 
Published: June 2019

AbstractTranslation efficiency can be affected by mRNA stability and secondary structures, including G-quadruplex structures (G4s). The highly conserved DEAH-box helicase DHX36/RHAU resolves G4s on DNA and RNA in vitro, however a systems-wide analysis of DHX36 targets and function is lacking. We map globally DHX36 binding to RNA in human cell lines and find it preferentially interacting with G-rich and G4-forming sequences on more than 4500 mRNAs. While DHX36 knockout (KO) results in a significant increase in target mRNA abundance, ribosome occupancy and protein output from these targets decrease, suggesting that they were rendered translationally incompetent. Considering that DHX36 targets, harboring G4s, preferentially localize in stress granules, and that DHX36 KO results in increased SG formation and protein kinase R (PKR/EIF2AK2) phosphorylation, we speculate that DHX36 is involved in resolution of rG4 induced cellular stress.
Fibroadipogenic progenitors are responsible for muscle loss in limb girdle muscular dystrophy 2B
Authors: Hogarth Marshall W. , Defour Aurelia , Lazarski Christopher , Gallardo Eduard , Diaz Manera Jordi , Partridge Terence A. , Nagaraju Kanneboyina , Jaiswal Jyoti K. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractMuscle loss due to fibrotic or adipogenic replacement of myofibers is common in muscle diseases and muscle-resident fibro/adipogenic precursors (FAPs) are implicated in this process. While FAP-mediated muscle fibrosis is widely studied in muscle diseases, the role of FAPs in adipogenic muscle loss is not well understood. Adipogenic muscle loss is a feature of limb girdle muscular dystrophy 2B (LGMD2B) – a disease caused by mutations in dysferlin. Here we show that FAPs cause the adipogenic loss of dysferlin deficient muscle. Progressive accumulation of Annexin A2 (AnxA2) in the myofiber matrix causes FAP differentiation into adipocytes. Lack of AnxA2 prevents FAP adipogenesis, protecting against adipogenic loss of dysferlinopathic muscle while exogenous AnxA2 enhances muscle loss. Pharmacological inhibition of FAP adipogenesis arrests adipogenic replacement and degeneration of dysferlin-deficient muscle. These results demonstrate the pathogenic role of FAPs in LGMD2B and establish these cells as therapeutic targets to ameliorate muscle loss in patients.
Sex-specific association between gut microbiome and fat distribution
Authors: Min Yan , Ma Xiaoguang , Sankaran Kris , Ru Yuan , Chen Lijin , Baiocchi Mike , Zhu Shankuan 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe gut microbiome has been linked to host obesity; however, sex-specific associations between microbiome and fat distribution are not well understood. Here we show sex-specific microbiome signatures contributing to obesity despite both sexes having similar gut microbiome characteristics, including overall abundance and diversity. Our comparisons of the taxa associated with the android fat ratio in men and women found that there is no widespread species-level overlap. We did observe overlap between the sexes at the genus and family levels in the gut microbiome, such asHoldemanellaandGemmiger; however, they had opposite correlations with fat distribution in men and women. Our findings support a role for fat distribution in sex-specific relationships with the composition of the microbiome. Our results suggest that studies of the gut microbiome and abdominal obesity-related disease outcomes should account for sex-specific differences.
T2* weighted Deconvolution of NMR Spectra: Application to 2D Homonuclear MAS Solid-State NMR of Membrane Proteins
Authors: V. S. Manu , Gopinath Tata , Wang Songlin , Veglia Gianluigi 
Published: June 2019

Abstract2D homonuclear NMR spectroscopy is an essential technique to characterize small and large molecules, such as organic compounds, metabolites, and biomacromolecules at atomic resolution. However, for complex samples 2D homonuclear spectra display poor resolution, making spectral assignment very cumbersome. Here, we propose a new method that exploits the differential T2* relaxation times of individual resonances and resolves the 2D NMR peaks into pseudo-3D spectra, where time is the 3rd dimension. T2* weIghted DEconvolution or TIDE analyzes individual free induction decays (FIDs) and dissects them into sub-FIDs that are transformed into pseudo-3D spectra combining Fourier transformation and covariance NMR. TIDE achieves higher resolution and sensitivity for NMR spectra than classical covariance NMR reducing offset-dependent artifacts. We demonstrate the performance of TIDE for magic angle spinning (MAS) [13C,13C]-DARR NMR spectra of single- and multi-span membrane proteins embedded in lipid bilayers. Since TIDE is applicable to all type of homonuclear correlation experiments for liquid and solid samples, we anticipate that it will be a general method for processing NMR data of biomacromolecules, complex mixtures of metabolites as well as material samples.
Disruption of cyanobacterial γ-aminobutyric acid shunt pathway reduces metabolites levels in tricarboxylic acid cycle, but enhances pyruvate and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) accumulation
Authors: Monshupanee Tanakarn , Chairattanawat Chayanee , Incharoensakdi Aran 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe photoautotrophic cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 assimilates carbon dioxide as the sole carbon source, and a major portion of the assimilated carbon is metabolically consumed by the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. Effects of partial interference of TCA cycle metabolic activity on other carbon metabolism have yet to be examined. Here, the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) shunt, one of the metabolic pathways for completing TCA cycle in Synechocystis, was disrupted via inactivating the glutamate decarboxylase gene (gdc). Under normal photoautotrophic condition, cell growth and the level of the TCA cycle metabolites succinate, malate and citrate were decreased by 25%, 35%, 19% and 28%, respectively, in Δgdc mutant relative to those in the wild type (WT). The cellular levels of glycogen and total lipids of the Δgdc mutant were comparable to those of the WT, but the intracellular levels of pyruvate and bioplastic poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) were 1.23- and 2.50-fold higher, respectively, in Δgdc mutant. Thus, disruption of the GABA shunt pathway reduced the TCA cycle metabolites levels, but positively enhanced the bioaccumulation of pyruvate and PHB. The PHB production rate in Δgdc mutant was 2.0-fold higher than in the WT under normal photoautotrophy.
Reduction in H3K4me patterns due to aberrant expression of methyltransferases and demethylases in renal cell carcinoma: prognostic and therapeutic implications
Authors: Kumar Aman , Kumari Niti , Sharma Ujjawal , Ram Sant , Singh Shrawan Kumar , Kakkar Nandita , Kaushal Karanvir , Prasad Rajendra 
Published: June 2019

AbstractRenal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the leading cause among cancer-related deaths due to urological cancers, which results in response to combination of genetic and epigenetic factors. Histone methylations have been implicated in renal tumorigenesis but their clinical significance and underlying pathology are unexplored. Here, we elucidated the histone 3 lysine 4 (H3K4) methylation patterns in clear cell RCC and its underlying pathology. Lower cellular levels of H3K4 mono-methylation, -dimethylation and –tri-methylation were fraternized with higher TNM staging and Fuhrman grading as well as tumor metastasis. Further, the expression profile of 20 H3K4 modifiers revealed the significant over-expression of histone demethylases compared to methyltransferases, indicating their role in the reduction of H3K4 methylation levels. In view of above facts, the role of LSD2 and KDM5A demethylases in RCC pathogenesis were explored using respective siRNAs. The RCC cells exhibited reduced cell viability after knockdown of LSD2 and KDM5A genes with concomitant induction of apoptosis. In addition, propidium iodide staining demonstrated an arrest of RCC cells at S-phase and sub-G1 phase of the cell cycle. Taken together, these observations provide new pathological insights behind the alterations of H3K4 methylation patterns in ccRCC with their prognostic and therapeutic implications.