bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The influence of misperceptions about social norms on substance use among school‐aged adolescents
Authors: Amialchuk Aliaksandr , Ajilore Olugbenga , Egan Kevin 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIndividuals often have biased perceptions about their peers' behavior. We use an economic equilibrium analysis to study the role social norms play in substance use decisions. Using a nationally representative dataset, we estimate the effect of misperception about friends' alcohol, smoking, and marijuana use on consumption of these substances by youths in grades 7–12. Overestimation of friend's substance use significantly increases adolescent's own use approximately 1 year later, and the estimated effect is robust across specifications including individual‐level fixed effects regression. The effect size is bigger for boys than for girls. The estimates for those who initially underestimated the norm suggest the possibility of a rebound/boomerang effect.
Estimating conversion rates: A new empirical strategy with an application to health care in Italy
Authors: Chiappero‐Martinetti Enrica , Salardi Paola , Scervini Francesco 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThis study proposes a new empirical strategy for assessing how “efficient” different individuals and groups are in converting their available resources into achievements. Following the capabilities approach, pioneered by Amartya Sen, we employ the concept of “conversion rates” to capture the efficiency of the link from resources to achievements. The methodology is both simpler and more conceptually precise than previous options, this offering the potential to support significant expanded work in this area. The proposed methodology is then tested in relation to health care in Italy. The findings suggest that investments in education may carry particular health benefits for women, which public resources are particularly important for the elderly, and that single individuals pose special challenges because they benefit less from all types of resources than married couples. The results thus highlight significant heterogeneities in the abilities of different groups to convert public, private, and nonfinancial resources into health, and we conclude by noting the possible consequences for health care and public policies.
Disseminated Trichosporon asahii infection in a combined liver‐kidney transplant recipient successfully treated with voriconazole
Authors: Sah Ranjit , Soin Arbindra singh , Chawla Sony , Wadhwa Teena , Gupta Neha 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIntroductionTrichosporon asahii is an emerging cause of systemic fungal infection in an immunocompromised host. Several life threatening disseminated T. asahii infection in single solid organ (liver or kidney) transplant recipients, in neutropenic and hematological malignancy patients have been reported.Case presentation (Methods and Results)A 49‐year old gentleman who underwent simultaneous living‐donor liver transplantation (donor sister) and kidney transplant (donor wife) developed fever and subsegmental patchy consolidation with right sided pleural effusion on fourth postoperative day. Central line blood stream infection was suspected. Blood culture grew creamy white colonies of T. asahii on blood agar with characteristic dirty‐green colonies on CHROMagar. Laboratory analysis of pleural fluid also revealed budding yeast cells identified as T. asahii. Microscopy of the isolates showed hyphae, arthroconidia, and blastospores. The isolates were identified as T. asahii by VITEK MS which uses matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight (MALDI‐TOF) technology. Initially liposomal amphotericin B and micafungin was initiated, but due to lack of clinical and microbiological response, patient was switched to voriconazole. Simultaneously, tacrolimus doses were reduced to one‐third in view of interaction with voriconazole. Subsequently, patient improved with resolution of fever and microbiological cure.ConclusionThis is the first case report of disseminated T. asahii infection in a combined liver‐kidney transplant recipient successfully treated with voriconazole. Azole antifungal are the promising drug of choice for systemic T. asahii infection. Drug interactions should be considered while using these antifungal agents.
ABCA1 variants rs2230806 (R219K), rs4149313 (M8831I), and rs9282541 (R230C) are associated with susceptibility to coronary heart disease
Authors: Wang Fangfang , Ji Yuan , Chen Xin , Song Ying , Huang Shenglan , Zhou Changle , Huang Changgen , Chen Zengguang , Zhang Liangfeng , Ge Jiyong 
Published: April 2019

BackgroundTo investigate the association between three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of ABCA1 gene and susceptibility to coronary heart disease (CHD) in Chinese Han population.MethodsA total of 484 CHD patients and 488 controls were included in the study. Three SNPs rs2230806 (R219K), rs4149313 (M8831I), and rs9282541 (R230C) in ABCA1 gene were genotyped by SNaPshot.ResultsSingle nucleotide polymorphism rs1800977 was associated with susceptibility to CHD (AA vs GG, P = 0.013; A vs G, P = 0.029; recessive model, P = 0.020). Rs4149313 (AA vs GG, P = 0.010; recessive model, P = 0.011) and rs9282541 (T vs C, P = 0.029; dominant model, P = 0.039) were also risk factor for CHD.ConclusionThis study suggests that three SNPs rs2230806, rs4149313, and rs9282541 in ABCA1 gene are significantly associated with susceptibility to CHD; further mechanism should be performed to be applied to drug research and development.
Comparison of droplet digital PCR and direct Sanger sequencing for the detection of the BRAFV600E mutation in papillary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Wang Zhuo , Sun Kejing , Jing Changwen , Cao Haixia , Ma Rong , Wu Jianzhong 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe BRAFV600E mutation status is a useful diagnostic and prognostic marker for papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Although it is a commonly used method, Sanger sequencing has several limitations in detecting the BRAFV600E mutation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) as an alternative method for the detection of the BRAFV600E mutation in PTC patients.MethodsSamples from a total of 120 patients with PTC and 30 patients with benign nodular thyroid disease who underwent thyroid surgery were collected. The BRAFV600E mutation status of the PTC patients was tested by Sanger sequencing and ddPCR.ResultsThe BRAFV600E mutation was detected in 67 samples (44.67%) by Sanger sequencing and 92 samples (61.33%) by ddPCR. The detection of the mutation by the two methods was inconsistent in twenty‐five samples (16.67%). The sensitivity and specificity of the ddPCR method were 100% and 69.88%, respectively, and the positive predictive and negative predictive values were 72.83% and 100%, respectively. The concordance rate between the two methods in detecting the BRAFV600E mutation was 83.33%. Neither Sanger sequencing nor ddPCR detected BRAFV600E in 30 patients with benign nodular thyroid disease. The 92 samples with the BRAFV600E mutation were detected by ddPCR at a fractional abundance from 0.28% to 45.40% as follows: ≥10% (59 samples, 64.13%), 5%‐10% (8 samples, 8.70%), and ≤5% (25 samples, 27.17%). The BRAFV600E mutation was detected in all 59 samples at a fractional abundance ≥10% and in four samples at a fractional abundance from 5% to 10%, and no BRAFV600E mutation was detected at a fractional abundance ≤5% by Sanger sequencing.ConclusionsddPCR was a reliable, highly sensitive alternative method for the detection of the BRAFV600E mutation in PTC patients.
Thriving at work: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Kleine Anne‐Kathrin , Rudolph Cort W. , Zacher Hannes 
Published: April 2019

SummaryThriving at work refers to a positive psychological state characterized by a joint sense of vitality and learning. On the basis of Spreitzer and colleagues' model, we present a comprehensive meta‐analysis of antecedents and outcomes of thriving at work (K = 73 independent samples, N = 21,739 employees). Results showed that thriving at work is associated with individual characteristics, such as psychological capital (rc = .47), proactive personality (rc = .58), positive affect (rc = .52), and work engagement (rc = .64). Positive associations were also found between thriving at work and relational characteristics, including supportive coworker behavior (rc = .42), supportive leadership behavior (rc = .44), and perceived organizational support (rc = .63). Moreover, thriving at work is related to important employee outcomes, including health‐related outcomes such as burnout (rc = −.53), attitudinal outcomes such as commitment (rc = .65), and performance‐related outcomes such as task performance (rc = .35). The results of relative weights analyses suggest that thriving exhibits small, albeit incremental predictive validity above and beyond positive affect and work engagement, for task performance, job satisfaction, subjective health, and burnout. Overall, the findings of this meta‐analysis support Spreitzer and colleagues' model and underscore the importance of thriving in the work context.
An evaluation of East Asian summer monsoon forecast with the North American Multimodel Ensemble hindcast data
Authors: Nie Huiwen , Guo Yan 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe abilities of three models (Climate Forecast System version 2 [CFSv2], Canadian Coupled Climate Model version 3 [CanCM3] and Canadian Coupled Climate Model version 4 [CanCM4]) in the North American Multimodel Ensemble for the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) forecast were evaluated with their 29‐year hindcast data (1982–2010). Many EASM features including monsoon precipitation centres, large‐scale monsoon circulations and monsoon onset and retreat are generally captured by the three models and their ensemble mean, and the multimodel ensemble has the best performance. Since the East Asian domain includes the tropical western North Pacific summer monsoon (WNPSM) and the subtropical continent monsoon, two well‐known monsoon indices, the WNPSM index (WNPSMI) and EASM index (EASMI), and their associated low‐level winds and precipitation anomalies are well forecasted by the models. However, the forecast performance generally decreases as the leads increase, and the performance of EASMI is not as good as that of WNPSMI. CFSv2 forecasts well at leads up to 6 months whereas the skill of CanCM3 (CanCM4) decreases rapidly when the lead increases to 2 months (3 months). The failure of CanCM3 is mainly attributed to the poor forecast of the relationship of EASMI with the El Niño‐Southern Oscillation and Northern Indian Ocean‐western North Pacific (WNP) sea surface temperature anomaly. However, the causes of the poor forecast of CanCM4 for EASMI require further investigation. Sources of the forecast error (FE), which is the difference between model and observation for monsoon precipitation, are more significant than those of the predictability error (PE), which originates from the initial condition error, indicating that model deficiency plays a dominant role in limiting the EASM precipitation forecast. However, the PE cannot be neglected over the tropical western Pacific in CFSv2, over the WNP in CanCM3 and over the Tibetan Plateau in CanCM4. As the lead time increases, the FE does not remarkably change whereas the PE decreases significantly.
Improving diurnal rainfall phase over the Southern Great Plains in warm seasons by using a convective triggering design
Authors: Wang Yi‐Chi , Hsu Huang‐Hsiung 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThis study reports the improvements in the diurnal rainfall phase over the Southern Great Plains (SGP) with the Community Atmosphere Model by incorporating two convective initiation designs into the Zhang–Mcfarlane scheme. To capture the convection initiation of the nocturnal rainfall regime, the triggers emphasized the importance of suppression of convective inhibition and identification of elevated buoyancy for initiating convection. Consistent with the single‐column study of Wang et al. (2015), the model rainfall bias reduced with an increase in the heavy nocturnal rainfall and with the suppression of the spurious daytime convection in global domain experiments. We found that, with the climate model resolution of 1°, the nocturnal convection over the SGP can be well represented when the destabilization mechanisms of potentially buoyant layer at the low‐level troposphere is appropriately captured. Such destabilization is caused by the moisture convergence between the Rocky Mountains–SGP circulations and the uplifted low‐level jets from the Gulf of Mexico. Similar improvements are also found in other regions on the lee side of high terrains, such as the Tibetan Plateau.
Impact of top management team sociodemographic faultlines on speed of foreign direct investment expansion: An emerging market perspective
Authors: Chhabra Ankita , Popli Manish 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIn an emerging market context, the strength of sociodemographic faultlines of the top management team (TMT) might negatively impact the speed of firm's foreign direct investment (FDI) expansion. Building on upper echelon perspectives, the study proposes testable propositions on the role of sociodemographic faultlines (based on age, caste, and language) of the TMT on the speed of firm's FDI expansion. The role of decision‐making in TMT is crucial for embarking upon such strategic actions and analyzing those that are pertinent for the international business scholarship. Furthermore, we propose that the degree of inward foreign competition faced by the firms and the prior international experience of the TMT will moderate this relationship.
Premature deaths due to head and neck cancers in canada: A nationwide analysis from 1980 to 2010
Authors: Atchison Kayla Marie , Pham Truong‐Minh , Sikdar Khokan C. , Weeks Lee‐Anne , Karosas Anthony Paul Vytautas , Sinnarajah Aynharan , Dort Joseph C. , Cheung Winson Y. , Shack Lorraine 
Published: April 2019

Objectives/HypothesisTo examine if there has been a reduction in premature mortality due to head and neck cancers and their subtypes in the Canadian population between 1980 and 2010.Study DesignRetrospective database review.MethodsMortality data for head and neck cancers were obtained from the World Health Organization's mortality database. Years of life lost (YLL) was calculated according to Canadian life tables. A new measure, average lifespan shortened (ALSS), was calculated as a ratio of YLL over the expected lifespan.ResultsDuring the period of interest, decreases in age standardized rates of death adjusted to the World Standard Population were observed mainly among men. The adjusted YLL rates remained unchanged with respect to oral cancers in women, but slightly decreased for oral cancers in men and for laryngeal cancers in both sexes. Our new measure of ALSS showed that in 1980, patients with oral cancers lost an average of 20% of their lifespan, whereas in 2010, men and women still lost approximately 20% and 18%, respectively. Patients with laryngeal cancers lost 18% of their lifespan in both sexes in 1980 and 17% in 2010. The ALSS subanalysis showed that the largest gain of lifespan was observed for cancers of the hypopharynx in men and for cancers of the floor of mouth and nasopharynx in women.ConclusionsThere appears to be modest improvements in premature mortality due to head and neck cancers in Canada over a 30‐year period, with the exception of oral cancers in men. Changes in premature mortality varied slightly by cancer subtypes.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 130:911–917, 2020
Printability of Methacrylated Gelatin upon Inclusion of a Chloride Salt and Hydroxyapatite Nano‐Particles
Authors: Comeau Patricia , Willett Thomas 
Published: April 2019

Abstract3D biomaterial printing requires an ink to have suitable printability characteristics, as well as creating a final construct of controllable swelling and stiffness. To tune such properties, the impact of adding different levels of chloride salts (NaCl and CaCl2) and hydroxyapatite nano‐particles (nHA) to a highly concentrated and photo‐crosslinkable methacrylated gelatin (GelMA) is investigated. By adding up to 100 mmCaCl2or 1.11mNaCl, the GelMA viscosity decreases from that of control GelMA (no salt). Interestingly, a 25G needle and strong photo‐polymerization kinetics are able to overcome the low viscosity of the 50CaG ink during printing. Adding further CaCl2increases GelMA viscosity, while decreasing both the swelling and dynamic modulus of the UV‐cured construct observed in water. As all UV‐cured constructs have a dynamic modulus greater than 1 MPa, this novel system is able to match the dynamic modulus of articular cartilage—a feat not previously reported for a GelMA‐based system. Lastly, nHA inclusion improves ink printability, as well as decreases swelling and increases dynamic modulus of the final construct. Overall, this study leads to the successful development of a new advanced functional ink which will be beneficial in the 3D printing of biomaterials toward tissue engineering applications.
The effects of pelvic floor muscle therapy on symptoms, voiding, and pelvic floor muscle activity parameters in children with overactive bladder
Authors: Pekbay Yelda , Ergin Oguz , Topuz Bahadir , Sarikaya Selçuk , Acar Zeynep Zübeyde , Irkilata Hasan Cem , Dayanç Murat 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIntroductionRefractory overactive bladder (OAB) in children can be treated with second line modalities such as as biofeedback, transcutaneous electrical stimulation (TENS), and botulinum toxin. In this study, we aimed to investigate the efficacy of biofeedback‐assisted pelvic floor muscle therapy (PFMT) on symptoms, bladder capacity, uroflowmetry, and pelvic floor muscle activity (PFMA) in children with resistant OAB or dysfunctional voiding (DV) with associated seconder bladder overactivity (DV/SBO).Materials and MethodsA total of 24 children with resistant OAB were included in the study. Patients were divided into two groups as: group‐1 pure OAB and group‐2 DV/SBO. Children were evaluated with voiding diary, uroflowmetry‐EMG, PFMA before and after treatment. All patients were treated with PFMT.ResultsUrgency cured or improved in 12 of 17 (71%) of children in group‐1 and in six of seven (86%) children in group‐2 (P < 0.0001 and 0.031, respectively). Other symptoms cured or improved with 64%‐100% recovery rates in group‐1 and 50%‐80% in group‐2. Maximum voided volume (maxVV) in voiding diary increased from 81.6 to 150.9 mL in group‐1 and from 115.6 to 175.7 mL in group‐2 (P < 0.0001 and 0.063, respectively). Mean work value of PFMA increased and mean rest value of PFMA decreased significantly (P < 0.0001, 0.018 and P = 0.002 and 0.018, respectively).ConclusionThe measurement of PFMA in children with refractory OAB or DV/SBO gives information on the strength and endurance of PFMs. In children with refractory OAB or DV/SBO, biofeedback‐assisted PFMT provides symptomatic improvement and increases functional bladder capacity.
Time‐dependent functional, morphological, and molecular changes in diabetic bladder dysfunction in streptozotocin‐induced diabetic mice
Authors: Yang Xu‐feng , Wang Jing , Rui‐Wang  , Xu Yi‐fei , Chen Fang‐jun , Tang Li‐yao , Ren Wen‐kang , Fu Li‐jun , Tan Bo , Huang Ping , Cao Hong‐ying 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAimDiabetic bladder dysfunction (DBD) is one of the most common and bothersome complications of diabetes mellitus (DM). This study aimed to investigate the functional, structural, and molecular changes of the bladder at 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 weeks after DM induction by streptozotocin (STZ) in male C57BL/6 mice.MethodsMale C57BL/6J mice were injected with STZ (130 mg/kg). Then, diabetic general characteristics, cystometry test, histomorphometry, and contractile responses to α, β‐methylene ATP, KCl, electrical‐field stimulation, carbachol were performed at 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 weeks after induction. Finally, protein and messenger RNA (mRNA) expressions of myosin Va and SLC17A9 were quantified.ResultsDM mice exhibited lower body weight, voiding efficiency and higher water intake, urine production, fasting blood glucose, oral glucose tolerance test, bladder wall thickness, maximum bladder capacity, residual volume, bladder compliance. In particular, nonvoiding contractions has increased more than five times at 6 weeks. And the amplitudes of spontaneous activity, contractile responses to all stimulus was about two times higher at 6 weeks but cut almost in half at 12 weeks. The protein and mRNA expressions of myosin Va and SLC17A9 were about two times higher at 6 weeks, but myosin Va was reverted nearly 40% while SLC17A9 is still higher at 12 weeks.ConclusionsDBD transitioned from a compensated state to a decompensated state in STZ‐induced DM mice at 9 to 12 weeks after DM induction. Our molecular data suggest that the transition may be closely related to the alterations of myosin Va and SLC17A9 expression levels in the bladder with time.
A scalable parallel finite element framework for growing geometries. Application to metal additive manufacturing
Authors: Neiva Eric , Badia Santiago , Martín Alberto F. , Chiumenti Michele 
Published: April 2019

SummaryThis work introduces an innovative parallel fully‐distributed finite element framework for growing geometries and its application to metal additive manufacturing. It is well known that virtual part design and qualification in additive manufacturing requires highly accurate multiscale and multiphysics analyses. Only high performance computing tools are able to handle such complexity in time frames compatible with time‐to‐market. However, efficiency, without loss of accuracy, has rarely held the centre stage in the numerical community. Here, in contrast, the framework is designed to adequately exploit the resources of high‐end distributed‐memory machines. It is grounded on three building blocks: (1) hierarchical adaptive mesh refinement with octree‐based meshes; (2) a parallel strategy to model the growth of the geometry; and (3) state‐of‐the‐art parallel iterative linear solvers. Computational experiments consider the heat transfer analysis at the part scale of the printing process by powder‐bed technologies. After verification against a three‐dimensional (3D) benchmark, a strong‐scaling analysis assesses performance and identifies major sources of parallel overhead. A third numerical example examines the efficiency and robustness of (2) in a curved 3D shape. Unprecedented parallelism and scalability were achieved in this work. Hence, this framework contributes to take on higher complexity and/or accuracy, not only of part‐scale simulations of metal or polymer additive manufacturing but also in welding, sedimentation, atherosclerosis, or any other physical problem where the physical domain of interest grows in time.
Impact analysis of change in component reliabilities in safety‐critical systems
Authors: Singh Pooja , Singh Lalit 
Published: April 2019

AbstractA safety‐critical system or life‐critical system is a system whose failure or malfunction may result in one (or more) of the following outcomes: death or serious injury to people and loss or severe damage to equipment/property. Such systems are very common in nuclear power plants and are composed of several components, performing different functions. The criticality of these components is ranked according to the criticality of the functions they perform. Therefore, the impact of component failure on system will be different for different components. It is essential to determine the impact of failure of any component on overall system to take preventive and corrective actions. This paper proposes a technique to determine the criticality of the components for their impact on the overall system using Bayesian approach. The theoretical basis and effectiveness of the proposed technique is shown and validated on a real case study of a nuclear power plant system.