bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antimicrobial effects of Zataria multiflora essential oil and Lactobacillus acidophilus on Escherichia coli O157 stability in the Iranian probiotic white‐brined cheese
Authors: Mehdizadeh Tooraj , Narimani Rogaye , Mojaddar Langroodi Ali , Moghaddas Kia Ehsan , Neyriz‐Naghadehi Moslem 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe effects of Zataria multiflora essential oil (ZEO) alone and in combination with probiotic bacterium Lactobacillus acidophilus PTCC 1643 on the growth and stability of Escherichia coli O157 in cheese were investigated during storage time. The effect of different concentrations of ZEO (0, 50, 75, and 150 ppm) and L. acidophilus, on E. coli O157 count, pH and sensory characteristics in a manufactured cheese were determined. Various concentrations of the ZEO alone and in combination with L. acidophilus significantly decreased the E. coli O157 enumerations, compared to the control group (p < .01). Also pH decline, the number of E. coli O157 also decreased in cheese samples. The synergistic effects on the stability of E. coli O157 was not observed in different treatments of ZEO and L. acidophilus. The addition of ZEO and probiotics in samples showed a synergistic trend on the reduction of E. coli and significantly improved sensorial properties.Practical applicationsLactobacillus spp. are widely used as probiotic species in fermented foods. Zataria multiflora essential oil (ZEO) is applied in food industries to prolong shelf life of the products with desired sensorial characteristic. The association of Escherichia coli O157 in the Iranian probiotic white‐brined cheese and the antimicrobial effect of ZEO are particular concern to the dairy plants. The aim of current work was to study the effects of ZEO alone and in combination with probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus PTCC 1643 on the growth and stability of E. coli O157 in cheese during the storage period. The significant (p < .05) synergistic inhibitory effect of the ZEO and probiotic on E. coli O157 shown in this study which emphasizes ZEO function in the food industry.
An outbreak of toxoplasmosis in squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus) in South Korea
Authors: Oh Hanseul , Eo Kyung‐Yeon , Gumber Sanjeev , Hong Jung Joo , Kim C‐Yoon , Lee Hyun‐Ho , Jung Young‐Mok , Kim Jin , Whang Gyu‐Whan , Lee Ji‐Min , Yeo Yong‐Gu , Ryu Bokyeong , Ryu Ji‐Sook , Lee Seul‐Kee , Kim Ukjin , Kang Sin‐Geun , Park Jae‐Hak 
Published: April 2018

AbstractBackgroundToxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is an intracellular protozoan parasite that can infect warm‐blooded animals including humans. New World monkeys, such as squirrel monkeys, are more susceptible to T. gondii than Old World monkeys, often developing fatal disease.MethodsIn this study, seven of thirteen dead squirrel monkeys at Seoul Grand Park were tested to find the cause of sudden death.ResultsThe main histopathological findings included interstitial pneumonia, necrotizing hepatitis, and splenitis. Periodic acid‐Schiff staining of liver, spleen, and lung revealed cyst structures consistent with bradyzoites. Amplification of the B1 gene was detected in the liver or spleen of all monkeys. Additionally, a restriction fragment length polymorphism assay and phylogenetic analysis of the GRA6 amplicon revealed a consistent clustering with the type II strain of T. gondii.ConclusionsThis study is the first report of T. gondii infection of squirrel monkeys in Korea, and the first report of type II T. gondii based on GRA6 analysis in Korea.
Association between clinical characteristics, quality of life, and sleep quality in patients with periorbital hyperchromia
Authors: Barone Carolina Rocha , Boza Juliana Catucci , Machado Priscilla Granja , Cestari Tania Ferreira 
Published: April 2018

SummaryIntroductionPeriorbital hyperchromia (POH) is a multifactorial condition, precipitated or aggravated by sleep disorders, which negatively affects quality of life (QoL). The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of POH on QoL, sleep quality, and dissatisfaction of affected patients.MethodsIn this cross‐sectional study of male and female patients over 18 years, participants were examined, their demographic data were registered, and Dermatology Quality of Life Index (DLQI), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI‐BR), and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) were used to assess dissatisfaction.ResultsPatients (n = 100) were mostly women (91%) with a mean age of 36.9 years and POH duration of 18.32 years. Phototypes II (24%) and III (60%) were predominant. A total of 33% reported 4‐6 hours and 66% reported over 6 hours of sleep per night. POH was classified as mild (59%), moderate (37%), or severe (4%). Mean dissatisfaction with POH was 6.9, PSQI was 6.04, and DLQI was 4.92. There was a significant difference in the dissatisfaction scale (P < .005) between men and women. Women reported worse QoL (P < .001) and higher dissatisfaction (P < .0001). A correlation between DLQI and disease duration was found.ConclusionPeriorbital hyperchromia negatively impacts patients’ QoL. Dissatisfaction is directly related to disease severity.
Combination of fractional carbon dioxide laser with narrow band ultraviolet B to induce repigmentation in stable vitiligo: A comparative study
Authors: Doghaim Noha Nabil , Gheida Shereen Farouk , El‐Tatawy Rania Ahmed , Mohammed Ali Dareen Abdelaziz 
Published: April 2018

SummaryBackgroundDespite the numerous treatment modalities available for vitiligo, responses to treatment are still unsatisfactory. For this reason, new treatment modalities and approaches are needed.ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of fractional carbon dioxide (CO2) laser therapy followed by narrow band ultraviolet‐B (NB‐UVB) phototherapy on stable resistant vitiligo.Subjects and methodsThirty‐two patients with stable bilateral vitiligo were enrolled. For each patient, one side of the body was treated with NB‐UVB in addition to two sessions of fractional CO2 laser performed at 2‐months interval (laser side), while the other side was treated with NB‐UVB alone (control side). NB‐UVB was administrated twice weekly for 4 months. Outcomes were evaluated objectively based on standard digital photographs, patient satisfaction, and adverse effects.ResultsThere was statistically significant improvement in the repigmentation in laser side compared to control side. Noticeable adverse events, such as infection, scarring, and Koebner phenomenon were not found in any patient.ConclusionsFractional CO2 laser therapy combined with NB‐UVB phototherapy could be used effectively and safely as an alternative modality for the treatment of vitiligo. It shortens the duration of NB‐UVB therapy and is expected to increase patient compliance
Analysis of the changes in scalp hair angles: In vivo and in vitro comparison before and after tumescence
Authors: Ahmad Muhammad , Mohmand Mohammad Humayun 
Published: April 2018

SummaryObjectivesTo estimate the hair shaft exit angles and also to check the effect of tumescence on the hair angles.Materials and methodsTen patients undergoing first session of strip hair restoration were included. The strip was marked at the level of external occipital protuberance and superior nuchal line. Three hairs were marked, one near upper end, one near lower end, and one in the middle. About 10 mL of 0.5% xylocaine with adrenaline was used with the needle in the subdermal level. The hair angles were measured. After the strip harvest, small slivers were prepared and photographed. The hair shaft exit angles of the three hairs were calculated using the computer software. The Kruskal‐Wallis test and multiple comparisons (Bonferroni's correction) were used to analyze the data statistically.ResultsThe mean age of the patients was 23.4 years. The average preinjection (in vivo) hair angle was 52.82° with 52.96° in upper hairs (43.2°‐61.2°), 51.77° in middle hairs (43.4°‐61.3°), and 53.72° in lower hairs (38.4°‐61.3°). The average postinjection (in vivo) hair angle was 65.34° with 65.05° in upper hairs (55.1°‐86.4°), 65.63° in the middle hairs (56.4°‐71.2°), and 65.35° in the lower hairs (51.3°‐75.2°). Similarly, the postexcision (in vitro) hair angles was 71.91° with 70.83° in upper hairs (range, 56.8°‐95.7°), 72.19o in middle hairs (64.3°‐78.5°), and 72.71° in the lower hairs (63.9°‐81.4°).ConclusionThe proper assessment of hair angles is very important and can be altered by the injection technique.
Evaluation of selected skin parameters following the application of 5% vitamin C concentrate
Authors: Jaros Anna , Zasada Malwina , Budzisz Elżbieta , Dębowska Renata , Gębczyńska‐Rzepka Monika , Rotsztejn Helena 
Published: April 2018

SummaryBackgroundAscorbic acid is a substance with confirmed anti‐free‐radical properties. It triggers the collagen synthesis, has a depigmenting effect and seals blood vessels. All these properties have a significant effect of the skin's appearance. The characteristic traits of capillary skin include telangiectasias as well as erythema, which might consolidate in the future, along with the feeling of burning and increased skin sensitivity.ObjectivesStudy and evaluation of selected parameters of capillary skin after the application of 5% vitamin C concentrate throughout the period of 6 weeks with the use of instrumental tests and questionnaires.MethodsThe research was conducted on a group of 30 women ranging from 30 to 60 years of age with capillary skin indicating visible signs of erythematous plaques. The concentrate was applied once a day. Analyses of skin conditions were conducted four times: before the launch of the research D(0), after two 2D(14), after four 4D(28), and after 6 D(42) weeks of application. The research was conducted with the use of Mexameter MPA equipment, which was used to measure changes in the intensity of erythematous plaques. The depth of wrinkles was measured by PRIMOS system (two times D0 and 6D(42). The research also used VISIA system which allowed to perform visual and numeral skin analyses. Each research was finalized with a questionnaire which provided a subjective evaluation of the examined product among participants.ResultsSignificant reduction in erythema has been widely recorded. After 2 weeks, erythema dropped by 9%. After 4 weeks, it decreased by 16% and by 21% after 6 weeks. The concentrate's efficiency in diminishing erythematous plaques was confirmed by photographs generated by VISIA photograph system. Thanks to PRIMOS, decrease in both depth and volume of nasolabial folds was recorded in 87% of participants after 6 weeks of research.Conclusion5% vitamin C concentrate is effective in treating capillary and photograph‐aging skin. It decreases erythema and telangiectasias as well as triggers the shallowing of skin wrinkles.
Correlation between serum IL‐17A level and SALT score in patients with alopecia areata before and after NB‐UVB therapy
Authors: Morsy Hanan , Maher Reham , Negm Dalia 
Published: April 2018

SummaryBackgroundThere is strong evidence that alopecia areata is of immunological background; Interleukin‐17 (IL‐17) is a Th17 pro‐inflammatory cytokine that has been allied to the pathogenesis of different autoimmune and inflammatory diseases.ObjectiveThis study aimed to measure serum IL‐17A in patients with alopecia areata, and to study associations between IL‐17A levels and disease severity before and after Narrowband‐Ultraviolet B (NB‐UVB), patient gender and age.MethodsTwenty patients with AA of the scalp were treated with (NB‐UVB), and 15 healthy subjects' age and sex matched were enrolled as controls. Patients were assessed clinically by SALT score. Assay of serum levels of IL‐17A by ELISA was done in patients and controls.ResultsThe mean level of IL‐17A was (15.63 Â ± 10.89 Pg/mL) in AA patient group, and (16.50 Â ± 5.02 Pg/mL) in control group. No statistically significant correlation was detected between SALT score and IL‐17A level before (NB‐UVB) treatment while a significant negative correlation between SALT score and IL‐17A level was observed after treatment (r = −.448, P = .047). Mean SALT score for patients was (14.03 Â ± 13.48), and correlated positively with age (r = .446, P = .049).ConclusionAlthough (NB‐UVB) is an immune‐modulatory type of treatment for alopecia areata of mild efficacy especially if it's used alone, it has shown significant decrease in serum IL‐17A level among patients, and correlation to disease severity.
Tissue and plasma antioxidant status in response to dietary methionine concentration and source in broilers
Authors: Zeitz J. O. , Mohrmann S. , Fehse L. , Most E. , Helmbrecht A. , Saremi B. , Eder K. 
Published: April 2018

SummaryThis study hypothesized that plasma and tissue antioxidant status of broilers is positively influenced when dietary Met concentrations exceed, and negatively when they go belowNRCrecommendations. In addition, different Met sources are hypothesized to affect the antioxidant defence system differently. Day‐old male Cobb‐500 broilers (n = 336) were allotted to seven groups and phase‐fed three wheat–soya bean meal‐based basal diets during days 1‐10, 11‐21 and 22‐35. The basal diets (Met− group, Met + Cys concentration 15% belowNRCrecommendations) were supplemented with 0.10%, 0.25% or 0.40% Met either asDL‐Met (DLM) orDL‐2‐hydroxy‐4‐(methylthio) butanoic acid (DL‐HMTBA) (equimolar comparison). Growth performance and carcass weights were lower in the Met− group compared to the groups whose diets met or exceeded Met requirements. The antioxidant defence system was not influenced by the Met source. However, in the liver, concentrations of glutathione increased with increasing dietary Met concentrations. Tocopherol concentrations in the liver at days 10 and 21 were lower in the Met− group than in the groups supplemented with Met. However, liver concentrations of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBA‐RS) and protein carbonyls (PC) were largely not influenced by dietary Met concentration. Plasma tocopherol concentrations at day 35 were lower, and those ofTBA‐RSandPCat day 35 were higher in Met− group than in the groups fed the Met‐supplemented diets. In jejunum, but not in liver, relativemRNAabundances and activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase were higher in the Met− group than in the groups fed Met‐supplemented diets. These data indicate that suboptimum supply of Met results in decreased antioxidant concentrations in plasma and body tissues, and increases oxidative stress in the jejunum mucosa. However, supplementation of Met in excess of the requirements (based onNRC) compared to diets adequate in Met + Cys did not influence the antioxidant defence system.
Signatures of local adaptation along environmental gradients in a range‐expanding damselfly (Ischnura elegans)
Authors: Dudaniec Rachael Y. , Yong Chuan Ji , Lancaster Lesley T. , Svensson Erik I. , Hansson Bengt 
Published: April 2018

AbstractInsect distributions are shifting rapidly in response to climate change and are undergoing rapid evolutionary change. We investigate the molecular signatures underlying local adaptation in the range‐expanding damselfly, Ischnura elegans. Using a landscape genomic approach combined with generalized dissimilarity modelling (GDM), we detect selection signatures on loci via allelic frequency change along environmental gradients. We analyse 13,612 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), derived from restriction site‐associated DNA sequencing (RADseq), in 426 individuals from 25 sites spanning the I. elegans distribution in Sweden, including its expanding northern range edge. Environmental association analysis (EAA) and the magnitude of allele frequency change along the range expansion gradient revealed significant signatures of selection in relation to high maximum summer temperature, high mean annual precipitation and low wind speeds at the range edge. SNP annotations with significant signatures of selection revealed gene functions associated with ongoing range expansion, including heat shock proteins (HSP40 and HSP70), ion transport (V‐ATPase) and visual processes (long‐wavelength‐sensitive opsin), which have implications for thermal stress response, salinity tolerance and mate discrimination, respectively. We also identified environmental thresholds where climate‐mediated selection is likely to be strong, and indicate that I. elegans is rapidly adapting to the climatic environment during its ongoing range expansion. Our findings empirically validate an integrative approach for detecting spatially explicit signatures of local adaptation along environmental gradients.
Predictive rhythmic tapping to isochronous and tempo changing metronomes in the nonhuman primate
Authors: Gámez Jorge , Yc Karyna , Ayala Yaneri A. , Dotov Dobromir , Prado Luis , Merchant Hugo 
Published: April 2018

AbstractBeat entrainment is the ability to entrain one's movements to a perceived periodic stimulus, such as a metronome or a pulse in music. Humans have a capacity to predictively respond to a periodic pulse and to dynamically adjust their movement timing to match the varying music tempos. Previous studies have shown that monkeys share some of the human capabilities for rhythmic entrainment, such as tapping regularly at the period of isochronous stimuli. However, it is still unknown whether monkeys can predictively entrain to dynamic tempo changes like humans. To address this question, we trained monkeys in three tapping tasks and compared their rhythmic entrainment abilities with those of humans. We found that, when immediate feedback about the timing of each movement is provided, monkeys can predictively entrain to an isochronous beat, generating tapping movements in anticipation of the metronome pulse. This ability also generalized to a novel untrained tempo. Notably, macaques can modify their tapping tempo by predicting the beat changes of accelerating and decelerating visual metronomes in a manner similar to humans. Our findings support the notion that nonhuman primates share with humans the ability of temporal anticipation during tapping to isochronous and smoothly changing sequences of stimuli.
Order of herbivore arrival on wild cabbage populations influences subsequent arthropod community development
Authors: Stam Jeltje M. , Dicke Marcel , Poelman Erik H. 
Published: April 2018

In plant–arthropod associations, the first herbivores to colonise a plant may directly or indirectly affect community assembly on that particular plant. Whether the order of arrival of different arthropod species further modulates community assembly and affects plant fitness remains unclear.Using wild Brassica oleracea plants in the field, we manipulated the order of arrival of early‐season herbivores that belong to different feeding guilds, namely the aphid Brevicoryne brassicae and caterpillars of Plutella xylostella. We investigated the effect of herbivore identity and order of arrival on community assembly on two B. oleracea plant populations during two growth seasons. For this perennial plant, we evaluated whether foliar herbivory also affected herbivore communities on the flowers and if these interactions affected plant seed production.Aphid infestation caused an increase in parasitoid abundance, but caterpillars modulated these effects, depending on the order of herbivore infestation and plant population. In the second growth season, when plants flowered, the order of infestation of leaves with aphids and caterpillars more strongly affected abundance of herbivores feeding on the flowers than those feeding on leaves. Infestation with caterpillars followed by aphids caused an increase in flower‐feeding herbivores compared to the reversed order of infestation in one plant population, whereas the opposite effects were observed for the other plant population. The impact on plant seed set in the first reproductive year was limited.Our work shows that the identity and arrival order of early season herbivores may have long‐term consequences for community composition on individual plants and that these patterns may vary among plant populations. We discuss how these community processes may affect plant fitness and speculate on the implications for evolution of plant defences.
Severe osteonecrosis of the jaw with attempted near total mandibular exfoliation
Authors: Patel V. , Henien M. , Sproat C. , Kwok J. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThis report describes an unusual and extreme case of osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) affecting the entire mandible, which was attempting to self exfoliate. A 76‐year old male presented clinically with all aspects of the mandible, except the condylar heads, necrotic and exposed in the oral cavity. The mandible had elevated out of the mucosa and was attempting to exfoliate through the mouth. As it was obstructing his oral cavity, the necrotic mandible was sectioned posteriorly allowing the patient to speak and eat comfortably, as well regain an oral seal. The use of intravenous bisphosphonates for metastatic prostate cancer coupled glucocorticosteroids, diabetes mellitus and hyperlipidaemia are likely to have contributed this extensive medication related ONJ. This complication is well‐recognised in association with bisphosphonates, however, this case is unique due to its severity, its spontaneous occurrence and the oral cavity's natural response to manage it, through near complete self exfoliation.
Genes for wheat stem rust resistance postulated in German cultivars and their efficacy in seedling and adult‐plant field tests
Authors: Flath Kerstin , Miedaner Thomas , Olivera Pablo D. , Rouse Matthew N. , Jin Yue 
Published: April 2018

AbstractStem rust of wheat (caused by Puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici) gained high international attention in the last two decades, but does not occur regularly in Germany. Motivated by a regional epidemic in 2013, we analysed 15 spring and 82 winter wheat cultivars registered in Germany for their resistance to stem rust at the seedling stage and tested 79 of these winter wheat cultivars at the adult‐plant stage. A total of five seedling stem rust resistance genes were postulated: Sr38 occurred most frequently (n = 29), followed by Sr31 (n = 11) and Sr24 (n = 8). Sr7a and Sr8a occurred only in two spring wheat genotypes each. Four cultivars had effective seedling resistance to all races evaluated that could only be explained by postulating additional resistance genes (‘Hyland’, ‘Pilgrim PZO’, ‘Tybalt’) or unidentified gene(s) (‘Memory’). The three winter wheat cultivars (‘Hyland’ ‘Memory’ and ‘Pilgrim PZO’) were also highly resistant at the adult‐plant stage; ‘Tybalt’ was not tested. Resistance genes Sr24 and Sr31 highly protected winter wheat cultivars from stem rust at the adult‐plant stage in the field. Disease responses of cultivars carrying Sr38 varied. Mean field stem rust severity of cultivars without postulated seedling resistance genes ranged from 2.71% to 41.51%, nine of which were significantly less diseased than the most susceptible cultivar. This suggests adult‐plant resistance to stem rust may be present in German wheat cultivars.