bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sarcopenia and frailty among older Chinese adults: Findings from the CHARLS study
Authors: Xu Weiwei , Cai Jiasheng , Liu Yichen , Li Lian , Ye Xiaomei , Wang Ping , Lu Jiaping , Akkaif Mohammed Ahmed , Zhang Min 
Published: November 2024

Background
Sarcopenia and frailty are common among elderly individuals and present substantial health hazards. Exploring their relationship is essential for optimizing geriatric healthcare, particularly within the context of China.

Methods
A population-based cross-sectional design was employed using data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). The study enrolled 5,714 participants aged ≥60 years who underwent assessment for sarcopenia following the criteria established by the Asia Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS 2019) in 2019. Frailty status was determined using a frailty index that categorized participants into robustness, pre-frailty, and frailty stages. Multivariable logistic regression models were employed to examine the relationship between sarcopenia and frailty and pre-frailty conditions. Subgroup and interaction analyses were performed to explore the robustness of the associations between sarcopenia and frailty across different subgroups.

Results
Among the participants, 1,028 (18.0%) were identified as frailty, 2,987 (52.3%) as pre-frailty, and 645 (11.3%) had sarcopenia. Sarcopenia demonstrated an independent association with higher risks of frailty (OR = 2.13, 95% CI: 1.52–2.99) and pre-frailty (OR = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.20–1.81) in the multivariable logistic analysis. Subgroup and interaction analyses consistently demonstrated significant associations across nearly all demographic and health-related subgroups.

Conclusions
This study highlights that sarcopenia is significantly and independently associated with frailty and pre-frailty among older adults in China. Early detection and targeted interventions for sarcopenia are crucial to mitigate frailty and its adverse health outcomes in aging populations, emphasizing the need for tailored healthcare strategies to promote healthy aging.
Assessment of patient safety culture and associated factors among healthcare professionals in public hospitals of Bahir Dar City, Northwest Ethiopia: A mixed-methods study
Authors: Atinafu Daniel , Getaneh Gebremariam , Setotaw Getachew 
Published: November 2024

Background
Patient safety is an essential component of healthcare quality. Despite enormous advances in medical knowledge, many adverse events continue to endanger patient safety. Although mixed-method studies are necessary to gain a deeper understanding of safety culture, few studies provide practical evidence of patient safety culture and associated factors in Ethiopia. This study aimed to assess patient safety culture and associated factors among healthcare professionals in public hospitals in Bahir Dar City, Northwest Ethiopia.

Methods
A cross-sectional study design was employed, in triangulation with qualitative methodologies, from March 10 to April 10, 2022. A stratified sampling technique was used to select 420 study participants from three public hospitals. A standardized tool measuring 12 patient safety culture composites was used for data collection. Purposive sampling was employed in the qualitative study. Bi-variable and multivariable linear regression analyses were performed using SPSS version 23, with significance set at a 95% confidence interval and a p-value of <0.05. Content analysis was utilized in the qualitative study.

Results
The overall patient safety culture score was 47.6% (95% CI: 42.7, 52.5). Age (β = 1.196, 95% CI: (0.968, 1.322), patient safety training (β = 0.168, 95% CI: 0.040, 0.297), working in pediatric wards (β = 0.236, 95% CI: 0.099, 0.370), and resource availability (β = 0.346, 95% CI: 0.220, 0.473) were significantly associated with patient safety culture. The in-depth interviews identified infrastructure, communication barriers, lack of management support, poor governance, healthcare professionals’ knowledge, skills, and attitudes, and patient involvement during treatment as factors affecting patient safety.

Conclusions
This study concludes that the patient safety culture in the studied hospitals is suboptimal, falling below the acceptable threshold. Enhancing resource availability, providing continuous patient safety training, improving communication systems, and fostering a supportive management environment are essential steps towards building a safer healthcare system.
The shared biomarkers and immune landscape in psoriatic arthritis and rheumatoid arthritis: Findings based on bioinformatics, machine learning and single-cell analysis
Authors: Zhou Kaiyi , Luo Siyu , Wang Qinxiao , Fang Sheng 
Published: November 2024

Objective
Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are the most common types of inflammatory musculoskeletal disorders that share overlapping clinical features and complications. The aim of this study was to identify shared marker genes and mechanistic similarities between PsA and RA.

Methods
We utilized datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and perform functional enrichment analyses. To identify the marker genes, we applied two machine learning algorithms: the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and the support vector machine recursive feature elimination (SVM-RFE). Subsequently, we assessed the diagnostic capacity of the identified marker genes using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and decision curve analysis (DCA). A transcription factor (TF) network was constructed using data from JASPAR, HumanTFDB, and GTRD. We then employed CIBERSORT to analyze the abundance of immune infiltrates in PsA and RA, assessing the relationship between marker genes and immune cells. Additionally, cellular subpopulations were identified by analyzing single-cell sequencing data from RA, with T cells examined for trajectory and cellular communication using Monocle and CellChat, thereby exploring their linkage to marker genes.

Results
A total of seven overlapping DEGs were identified between PsA and RA. Gene enrichment analysis revealed that these genes were associated with mitochondrial respiratory chain complex IV, Toll-like receptors, and NF-κB signaling pathways. Both machine learning algorithms identified Ribosomal Protein L22-like 1 (RPL22L1) and Lymphocyte Antigen 96 (LY96) as potential diagnostic markers for PsA and RA. These markers were validated using test sets and experimental approaches. Furthermore, GSEA analysis indicated that gap junctions may play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of both conditions. The TF network suggested a potential association between marker genes and core enrichment genes related to gap junctions. The application of CIBERSORT and single-cell RNA sequencing provided a comprehensive understanding of the role of marker genes in immune cell function. Our results indicated that RPL22L1 and LY96 are involved in T cell development and are associated with T cell communication with NK cells and monocytes. Notably, high expression of both RPL22L1 and LY96 was linked to enhanced VEGF signaling in T cells.

Conclusion
Our study identified RPL22L1 and LY96 as key biomarkers for PsA and RA. Further investigations demonstrated that these two marker genes are closely associated with gap junction function, T cell infiltration, differentiation, and VEGF signaling. Collectively, these findings provide new insights into the diagnosis and treatment of PsA and RA.
Slow Wonder: Letters on Imagination and Education, Peter O’Connor and Claudia Rozas Gomez (2022), Series: Cambridge Elements in Creativity and Imagination (ed. A. Abraham)
Authors: Grushka Kathryn 
Published: November 2024

Review of: Slow Wonder: Letters on Imagination and Education, Peter O’Connor and Claudia Rozas Gomez (2022), Series: Cambridge Elements in Creativity and Imagination (ed. A. Abraham)
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 155 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-00912-439-3, p/bk, £17.00
Consumer-Benefiting Transport Costs: The Role of Product Innovation in a Vertical Structure
Authors: Takauchi Kazuhiro , Mizuno Tomomichi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We examine the effects of reduced transport costs on a firm’s horizontal product innovation activity and consumer welfare. It is well established that trade liberalization, including reducing transport costs, could enable innovative practices and make consumers better off. Trade theory, in particular, commonly asserts that zero transport costs maximize consumer surplus. In contrast, we demonstrate that (i) reduced transport costs can enhance a firm’s incentives for investment; however, (ii) positive transport costs (trade barrier) can maximize consumer surplus.
TiB-based coating formation on Ti6Al4V alloy
Authors: Efe Gozde Celebi , Yener Tuba , Ozcelik Gamze , Ozkan Hidayet 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In the present study, it is aimed to produce titanium boride layer on Ti6Al4V substrate by a simple, cheap and efficient method of pack boriding process. Pack boriding process was conducted out at 1,000, 1,100, and 1,200 °C in argon atmosphere for 6, 8, and 10 h to see the effect of both temperature and the time on boride layer. The presence of both TiB2 and TiB borides was confirmed by SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) and the XRD (X-ray diffraction analysis). SEM studies indicated that the morphology of boride layers has dense and layered nature and having a maximum layer thickness of approximately 16 µm. The hardness of boride layer, measured by Vickers indentation method, was over 2000 HV. It was found that formation of borides has parabolic nature for process temperatures and times. Kinetic studies showed that boride layer abide the parabolic growth law. Diffusion activation energy for boron in total boride layer (TiB2 and TiB) during the pack boriding process was calculated as 77.402 kJ mol−1.
Exploring the association between the consumption of beverages, fast foods, sweets, fats, and oils and the risk of gastric and pancreatic cancers: Findings from case–control study
Authors: Almahri Reem , Al-Sada Sharifa , Al-Jabiry Salma , Attieh Grace , Allehdan Sabika S. , Al-Jaberi Tareq , Hushki Ahmad , Rayyan Yaser , Tayyem Reema 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The consumption of beverages, fast foods, fats, and oils has been recognized as key risk factors for the development of gastric cancer (GC) and pancreatic cancer (PC). The aim of this study is to examine the potential association between the risk of developing GC and PC and the consumption of beverages, fast foods, sweets, fats, and oils. Dietary information was collected from 588 participants, including 173 cases of GC, 101 cases of PC, and 314 controls, matched based on age, gender, employment, and marital status. Structured questionnaires were employed to collect data on dietary intake, physical activity, and socio-demographic factors. The case–control study spanned from March 2015 to August 2017. Multinomial logistic regression was utilized to calculate odds ratios (ORs) along with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Significance was determined at a level of P < 0.05. The findings revealed that high sugar consumption, particularly the intake of sweets such as candies and biscuits, was significantly associated with an increased risk of GC (OR = 1.87, 95% CI = 1.01–3.45, P-value of trend = 0.035) and (OR = 8.52, 95% CI = 3.38–21.43, P-value of trend < 0.001), respectively. Similarly, the intake of candies and Arabic sweets was associated with a higher risk of PC (OR = 2.51, 95% CI = 1.22–5.17, P-value of trend = 0.019) and (OR = 2.11, 95% CI = 1.07–4.15, P-value of trend = 0.002), respectively. Notably, weekly consumption of chicken sandwiches exhibited a positive association with an increased risk of GC (OR = 3.98, 95% CI = 2.20–7.19, P-value of trend < 0.001) and PC (OR = 4.21, 95% CI = 2.19–8.09, P-value of trend < 0.001). Furthermore, the consumption of specific dietary fats, including margarine, processed nuts, pickled olives, and mayonnaise, was higher among PC and GC cases as compared to control. Weekly consumption of processed nuts was associated with a higher likelihood of developing GC (OR = 2.58, 95% CI = 1.29–5.17, P-value of trend = 0.011) and PC (OR = 2.75, 95% CI = 1.20–6.28, P-value of trend = 0.044). We found significant associations between consumptions of candies, biscuits, Arabic sweets, chicken sandwiches, and specific fats and oils with increased risk of PC and GC in Jordanian adults.
Investigation of heavy metals accumulation in Shikaripara stone mines
Authors: Gorai Gopinath , Mandal Niranjan Kumar 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The study aimed to evaluate harmful compound levels in Shikaripara stone mines’ cultivated land, which is renowned for stone quarrying in Jharkhand, India. Sixteen samples were collected from the mines in Dumka district, each at varying distances from the others. The soil samples contain Pb, As, Zn, Mn, Cd, Cu, Hg, and Fe. An Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometer was used to determine the total concentrations of the metals (ICPMS). Calculations of the Enrichment Factor (EF), Geo-accumulation Index (I
geo), Contamination Factors (CF), Pollution Load Index (PLI), Nemerow Index, and ecological Risk Index (RI) PLI, RI, and Nemerow Index values, considering various toxic substances’ effects on soils overall, revealed significant metal contamination in 50 % of the sampled areas. Agricultural soils exhibited significant contamination with Cu, As, and Zn as a result of nearby copper mining activities. Results advocate regular soil examination and efficient management to reduce metal pollution. Compared to other areas, contamination levels in the study region are relatively lower, emphasizing the need for continued monitoring and management. The report delves into ecological services, assessing the impacts of plastic particles and heavy metals. It sets the stage for further research on the combined effects of these substances and plastic debris on biodiversity.
Facile hydrothermal synthesis of 2D tin sulphide (SnS2) nanoflakes for supercapacitor applications
Authors: Govindaraj Baby Sri Pratha , Tripathi Alok M. , Kushvaha Sunil Singh , Swaminathan Sindhu , Venkatesan Ragavendran , Jamespandi Annaraj , Mayandi Jeyanthinath 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Two dimensional nanomaterials (2D) are considered to be one of the most important electrode materials in energy applications because of their unique structure with enhanced physical and chemical properties. To fabricate a high capacitance electrode material is a tedious process due to their low energy density and high self-discharge rate. In recent years, various transition metal sulphides and their composites have been widely used in electrochemical devices and electrocatalysis. Among them two dimensional tin sulphide nanoflakes (SnS2 Nfs) have attracted increasing attention owing to their large surface area and interlayer crystal structure. Here, we investigated 2D SnS2 Nfs is one of the promising materials for energy storage applications which was prepared through a simple hydrothermal process and the effect of structural, morphological and electrochemical properties were studied. As-synthesized SnS2 Nfs were found to poses hexagonal phase structure with an average crystallite size of 28 nm were estimated from X-ray diffraction (XRD). FE-SEM image attributes the formation of hexagonal nanoflakes. The XPS spectrum revealed the Sn 3d and S 2p of the proposed material and the respective peaks are observed for SnS2 Nfs. The as synthesized 2D SnS2 Nfs exhibits high specific capacitance of 380 F/g at current density of 1 A/g and an excellent cyclic stability. The electrode retains 89 % of the initial capacitance after 3,000 cycle at high current density of 10 A/g.
How can Research on Teaching and Teaching Religious Education Come Together? Experiences from England
Authors: Baumfield Vivienne 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Taking the situation in England as its context, this paper addresses the question of what is already known about making connections between research and teaching from debates as to the feasibility of promoting teachers as researchers. This paper builds on the work of the Teachers as Researchers (TasR) project, which found that RE teachers did not differ significantly from what was reported in the research literature about other teachers. However, for the RE teachers, orientative knowledge played an important role in the process of translating generic research into their practice in RE in the absence of opportunities to engage directly with subject specific research. One of the priorities for future research identified by the TasR participants was finding examples of ‘best processes’ for developing sustainable partnerships. To this end, a Delphi Seminar was organised and the implications of the outcomes, in particular a focus on subject didactics, for identifying viable models for bridging the gap between teaching and research are explored here. Although more work needs to be done on the specifics of aligning the focus of inquiry in curriculum development and subject didactics with research methods, there were strong indications of how the examples given of existing experience could be built upon.
The Effect of Mono- and Mixed Phytoplasma and Bacterial Infections on Galega orientalis L. Plants
Authors: Tokovenko I.P. , Huliaieva H.B. , Pasichnyk L.A. , Patyka V.P. 
Published: November 2024

In recent years, in regions of intensive agriculture, due to unfavorable agro-ecological conditions, mixed infections have become a serious threat to the production of high-quality crop products, in particular, Galega orientalis L. Objective. To investigate the effect of mono- and mixed phytoplasma and bacterial infection on Galega orientalis L. plants. Methods. Plants of Galega orientalis L. were inoculated with phytoplasma strains: A. laidlawii var. granulum 118 ‒ the causative agent of pale green dwarfism of wheat; A. laidlawii 101 and A. laidlawii 178 ‒ pathogens of tomato trunk, and Pseudomonas syringae pv. atrofaciens D13 ‒ the causative agent of wheat basal bacteriosis. Different schemes of inoculation of Galega orientalis L. plants were used in the experiments, which were applied both in mono- and mixed phytoplasma and phytoplasma-bacterial infection. Symptoms were recorded by visual examination starting from the 14th day. Uninfected plants of this crop served as a control. Results. Under both mono- and mixed phytoplasma-infection, both typical (anthocyanin coloration of stems and formation of additional shoots from the base of internodes ("witch's brooms") and atypical (small leaves and shortened internode spacing, which are characteristic of pale green dwarfism of wheat (PGD) symptoms of phytoplasmosis, were established on plants of Galega orientalis L. Under the conditions of phytoplasma-bacterial infection in plants, a noticeable thickening of the stem and stunted growth were observed, i.e., the symptoms that are characteristic of the development of phytoplasmosis, and were recorded, but their manifestation was atypical for legumes. Thus, in the case of phytoplasma-bacterial infection, the vast majority of symptoms characteristic of phytoplasmosis (namely, pale green dwarfism of wheat) were recorded such as dwarfism, small leaves, shortened distances between internodes, which are atypical for legumes. Conclusions. Typical and atypical symptoms of phytoplasmosis and bacteriosis for Galega orientalis L. under mono- and mixed infection have been established. Mono- and especially mixed infections with phytoplasmas and phytopathogenic bacteria significantly affect the development of Galega orientalis L. plants. The increase in the infectious load on Galega orientalis L. plants, as well as the priority of the pathogen's penetration into plant tissues, leads to a significant inhibition of the development of infected plants of this crop. The obtained data can be useful for diagnostics of Galega orientalis L. crops affected by phytoplasmosis or bacteriosis.
Going Paperless: Using Electronic Questionnaires to Improve the Quality of Well-Child Checkups
Authors: Ketterman Brian T. , Carlson Kathryn L. , Stoppelbein Merrill , Kaegi Dru , Franklin Ieshia , Kennedy Michelle , Patterson Barron L. 
Published: November 2024

OBJECTIVE
At our large, university-affiliated primary care clinic, we aimed to enhance the quality of well-child checkups (WCCs) to align with Bright Futures/American Academy of Pediatrics recommendations. Our primary goal was to increase the rate of complete WCCs from 45.6% to 80% by April 2024. Our secondary aims were to ensure WCC improvement for all language groups and to increase referrals to 2 community partners.

METHODS
A multidisciplinary team initiated a quality improvement project primarily focused on transitioning from paper-based to electronic questionnaires for patient screenings. Clinic processes were developed to assist families in completing questionnaires. The percentage of complete WCCs was the primary outcome measure. We defined complete WCCs as those that included note documentation of all required patient-reported elements. Our primary outcome measure was analyzed by using statistical process control charts to identify special cause variation.

RESULTS
We reviewed 51 809 WCCs from July 2022 to April 2024, and the rate of complete WCCs improved from 45.6% to 84.7%. We significantly improved the rates for all measured aspects of WCCs as follows: 7 different common pediatric questionnaires and 7 routine WCC assessments. Referrals to 2 community nutrition and literacy resources increased. Despite large improvements across all language groups, disparities remained for patients who spoke languages other than English.

CONCLUSIONS
Transitioning to electronic questionnaires and revised clinic procedures led to more comprehensive WCCs and connected more families with community resources. Although progress was made across all language groups, we note ongoing challenges in eliminating disparities.