bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the electron self-energy to three loops in QED
Authors: Duhr Claude , Gasparotto Federico , Nega Christoph , Tancredi Lorenzo , Weinzierl Stefan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We compute the electron self-energy in Quantum Electrodynamics to three loops in terms of iterated integrals over kernels of elliptic type. We make use of the differential equations method, augmented by an ϵ-factorized basis, which allows us to gain full control over the differential forms appearing in the iterated integrals to all orders in the dimensional regulator. We obtain compact analytic expressions, for which we provide generalized series expansion representations that allow us to evaluate the result numerically for all values of the electron momentum squared. As a by-product, we also obtain ϵ-resummed results for the self-energy in the on-shell limit p2 = m2, which we use to recompute the known three-loop renormalization constants in the on-shell scheme.
Krylov complexity of fermion chain in double-scaled SYK and power spectrum perspective
Authors: Anegawa Takanori , Watanabe Ryota 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We investigate Krylov complexity of the fermion chain operator which consists of multiple Majorana fermions in the double-scaled SYK (DSSYK) model with finite temperature. Using the fact that Krylov complexity is computable from two-point functions, the analysis is performed in the limit where the two-point function becomes simple and we compare the results with those of other previous studies. We confirm the exponential growth of Krylov complexity in the very low temperature regime. In general, Krylov complexity grows at most linearly at very late times in any system with a bounded energy spectrum. Therefore, we have to focus on the initial growth to see differences in the behaviors of systems or operators. Since the DSSYK model is such a bounded system, its chaotic nature can be expected to appear as the initial exponential growth of the Krylov complexity. In particular, the time at which the initial exponential growth of Krylov complexity terminates is independent of the number of degrees of freedom. More generally, and not limited to the DSSYK model, we systematically and specifically study the Lanczos coefficients and Krylov complexity using a toy power spectrum and deepen our understanding of those initial behaviors. In particular, we confirm that the overall sech-like behavior of the power spectrum shows the initial linear growth of the Lanczos coefficient, even when the energy spectrum is bounded.
New models of SU(6) grand gauge-Higgs unification
Authors: Maru Nobuhito , Nago Ryujiro 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
A five dimensional SU(6) grand gauge-Higgs unification compactified on S1/Z2 is discussed. We propose new sets of the SU(6) representations where the quarks and leptons in one generation are embedded and there is no extra massless exotic fermions absent in the Standard Model. The correct electroweak symmetry breaking pattern can be realized by introducing some adjoint fermions. We also analyze whether a viable Higgs mass can be obtained.
Log-Concavity with Respect to the Number of Orbits for Infinite Tuples of Commuting Permutations
Authors: Abdesselam Abdelmalek 
Published: November 2024

AbstractLet A(p, n, k) be the number of p-tuples of commuting permutations of n elements whose permutation action results in exactly k orbits or connected components. We formulate the conjecture that, for every fixed p and n, the A(p, n, k) form a log-concave sequence with respect to k. For $$p=1$$

p
=
1

this is a well-known property of unsigned Stirling numbers of the first kind. As the $$p=2$$

p
=
2

case, our conjecture includes a previous one by Heim and Neuhauser, which strengthens a unimodality conjecture for the Nekrasov–Okounkov hook length polynomials. In this article, we prove the $$p=\infty $$

p
=
∞

case of our conjecture. We start from an expression for the A(p, n, k), which follows from an identity by Bryan and Fulman, obtained in the their study of orbifold higher equivariant Euler characteristics. We then derive the $$p\rightarrow \infty $$

p
→
∞

asymptotics. The last step essentially amounts to the log-concavity in k of a generalized Turán number, namely, the maximum product of k positive integers whose sum is n.
Frequency and clinical characteristics of children and young people with type 2 diabetes at diagnosis from five world regions between 2012 and 2021: data from the SWEET Registry
Authors: Gesuita Rosaria , Eckert Alexander J. , Besançon Stéphane , Crimmins Nancy A. , Cavallo Fred , Kim Jaehyun , Jefferies Craig , Gevers Evelien F. , Vamvakis Anastasios , Shah Sejal , Amed Shazhan , Cherubini Valentino ,   on behalf of the SWEET study group
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Aims/hypothesis
The diagnosis of type 2 diabetes is increasing in young people worldwide. This study evaluated the frequency and clinical characteristics of young people presenting with type 2 diabetes from the multinational SWEET e.V Registry 2012–2021, including the first years of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
This is a longitudinal observational study based on the SWEET Registry, which collects demographic and clinical data on children and adolescents with diabetes from centres worldwide, with the diagnosis and classification of diabetes provided locally by each centre according to International Society for Paediatric and Adolescent Diabetes definitions. By July 2022, the SWEET Registry included 96,931 individuals from 130 centres with a total of 1,154,555 visits. Data were analysed by region: Europe (EU), Australia and New Zealand (AU/NZ), South America (SA), North America (NA) and Asia/Middle East and Africa (AS/AF). Trends in proportions for the two-year periods, calculated as cases with type 2 diabetes diagnoses over all cases with diabetes diagnoses, were estimated using logistic regression models adjusted for age at onset and sex.

Results
Overall, there were 2819 of 58,170 new cases (4.8%) with type 2 diabetes: 614 in EU, 293 in AU/NZ, 79 in SA, 1211 in NA and 622 in AS/AF. The proportion of type 2 diabetes increased from 3.2% to 6.0% from 2012/2013 to 2020/2021, a relative rate of increase of 9% per two-year period (95% CI 5.9, 12.3; p<0.001). In the two-year period of the COVID-19 pandemic, type 2 diabetes continued to follow the observed trend, with a proportion of 6.0% in 2020–2021 compared with 5.4% in 2018–2019. High variability in the proportion of type 2 diabetes was observed across regions, with the lowest values observed in EU and the highest in NA. A significant increase in the proportion of type 2 diabetes was observed in EU, AU/NZ and NA. The median HbA1c was not uniform and was highest in AS/AF (85 mmol/mol [9.9%]; IQR 55–111 [7.2–12.3%]) and lowest in EU (63 mmol/mol [7.9%]; IQR 48–99 [6.5–11.2%]), and the difference between EU and NA (median value 73 mmol/mol [8.8%]; IQR 50–105 [6.7–11.8%]) was statistically significant (p=0.047). There was also a difference in BMI SD score by region: the lowest median BMI SD score was 2.2 (IQR 1.4–2.7) in AS/AF and the highest was 3.1 (IQR 2.5–3.6) in AU/NZ.

Conclusions/interpretation
The multinational SWEET data from the years 2012 to 2021 inclusive support recent findings of a worldwide increase in type 2 diabetes in young people, albeit with regional differences. This increase highlights the need for ongoing preventive measures and available advanced treatment modalities worldwide.

Graphical Abstract
Establishment of a human 3D in vitro liver-bone model as a potential system for drug toxicity screening
Authors: Chen Guanqiao , Xin Yuxuan , Hammour Mohammad Majd , Braun Bianca , Ehnert Sabrina , Springer Fabian , Vosough Massoud , Menger Maximilian M. , Kumar Ashok , Nüssler Andreas K. , Aspera-Werz Romina H. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Drug toxicity is an important cause of chronic liver damage, which in the long term can lead to impaired bone homeostasis through an imbalance in the liver-bone axis. For instance, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (e.g., diclofenac), which are commonly used to control pain during orthopaedic interventions, are known to reduce bone quality and are the most prevalent causes of drug-induced liver damage. Therefore, we used human cell lines to produce a stable, reproducible, and reliable in vitro liver-bone co-culture model, which mimics the impaired bone homeostasis seen after diclofenac intake in vivo. To provide the best cell culture conditions for the two systems, we tested the effects of supplements contained in liver and bone cell culture medium on liver and bone cell lines, respectively. Additionally, different ratios of culture medium combinations on bone cell scaffolds and liver spheroids’ viability and function were also analysed. Then, liver spheroids and bone scaffolds were daily exposed to 3–6 µM diclofenac alone or in co-culture to compare and evaluate its effect on the liver and bone system. Our results demonstrated that a 50:50 liver:bone medium combination maintains the function of liver spheroids and bone scaffolds for up to 21 days. Osteoclast-like cell activity was significantly upregulated after chronic exposure to diclofenac only in bone scaffolds co-cultured with liver spheroids. Consequently, the mineral content and stiffness of bone scaffolds treated with diclofenac in co-culture with liver spheroids were significantly reduced. Interestingly, our results show that the increase in osteoclastic activity in the system is not related to the main product of diclofenac metabolism. However, osteoclast activation correlated with the increase in oxidative stress and inflammation associated with chronic diclofenac exposure. In summary, we established a long-term stable liver-bone system that represents the interaction between the two organs, meanwhile, it is also an outstanding model for studying the toxicity of drugs on bone homeostasis.
Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis for Wigner-Type Matrices
Authors: Erdős László , Riabov Volodymyr 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWe prove the Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis for general Wigner-type matrices in the bulk of the self-consistent spectrum, with optimal control on the fluctuations for obs ervables of arbitrary rank. As the main technical ingredient, we prove rank-uniform optimal local laws for one and two resolvents of a Wigner-type matrix with regular observables. Our results hold under very general conditions on the variance profile, even allowing many vanishing entries, demonstrating that Eigenstate Thermalization occurs robustly across a diverse class of random matrix ensembles, for which the underlying quantum system has a non-trivial spatial structure.
On the Local Existence of Solutions to the Fluid–Structure Interaction Problem with a Free Interface
Authors: Kukavica Igor , Li Linfeng , Tuffaha Amjad 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWe address a system of equations modeling an incompressible fluid interacting with an elastic body. We prove the local existence when the initial velocity belongs to the space $$H^{1.5+\epsilon }$$

H

1.5
+
ϵ

and the initial structure velocity is in $$H^{1+\epsilon }$$

H

1
+
ϵ

, where $$\epsilon \in (0, 1/20)$$

ϵ
∈
(
0
,
1
/
20
)

.
Repeatability of quantitative MR fingerprinting for T1 and T2 measurements of metastatic bone in prostate cancer patients
Authors: Rata Mihaela , Orton Matthew R. , Tunariu Nina , Curcean Andra , Hughes Julie , Scurr Erica , Blackledge Matthew , d’Arcy James , Jiang Yun , Gulani Vikas , Koh Dow-Mu 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Objectives
MR fingerprinting (MRF) has the potential to quantify treatment response. This study evaluated the repeatability of MRF-derived T1 and T2 relaxation times in bone metastasis, bone, and muscle in patients with metastatic prostate cancer.

Materials and methods
This prospective single-centre study included same-day repeated MRF acquisitions from 20 patients (August 2019–October 2020). Phantom and human data were acquired on a 1.5-T MR scanner using a research MRF sequence outputting T1 and T2 maps. Regions of interest (ROIs) across three tissue types (bone metastasis, bone, muscle) were drawn on two separate acquisitions. Repeatability of T1 and T2 was assessed using Bland-Altman plots, together with repeatability (r) and intraclass correlation (ICC) coefficients. Mean T1 and T2 were reported per tissue type.

Results
Twenty patients with metastatic prostate cancer (mean age, 70 years ± 8 (standard deviation)) were evaluated and bone metastasis (n = 44), normal-appearing bone (n = 14), and muscle (n = 20) ROIs were delineated. Relative repeatability of T1 measurements was 6.9% (bone metastasis), 32.6% (bone), 5.8% (muscle) and 21.8%, 32.2%, 16.1% for T2 measurements. The ICC of T1 was 0.97 (bone metastasis), 0.94 (bone), 0.96 (muscle); ICC of T2 was 0.94 (bone metastasis), 0.94 (bone), 0.91 (muscle). T1 values in bone metastasis were higher than in bone (p < 0.001). T2 values showed no difference between bone metastasis and bone (p = 0.5), but could separate active versus treated metastasis (p < 0.001).

Conclusion
MRF allows repeatable T1 and T2 measurements in bone metastasis, bone, and muscle in patients with primary prostate cancer. Such measurements may help quantify the treatment response of bone metastasis.

Key Points
QuestionMR fingerprinting has the potential to characterise bone metastasis and its response to treatment.
FindingsRepeatability of MRF-basedT1measurements in bone metastasis and muscle was better than forT2.
Clinical relevanceMR fingerprinting allows repeatableT1andT2quantitative measurements in bone metastasis, bone, and muscle in patients with primary prostate cancer, which makes it potentially applicable for disease characterisation and assessment of treatment response.
The Bounds of Rigid Sphere Design
Authors: Kamio Yuhi 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWe give some necessary conditions for the existence of rigid sphere designs. In particular, we settle the conjecture proposed by Bannai (J Fac Sci Univ Tokyo Sect IA Math 34(3), 485-489, 1987). Given fixed positive integers t and d, we show that there exist only finitely many rigid t-designs on $$S^d$$

S
d

, up to orthogonal transformations.
Testing ADAS/ADS – from critical scenarios to automated testing oracles
Authors: Klampfl Lorenz , Klück Florian , Nica Mihai , Tao Jianbo , Wotawa Franz 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAutomated and autonomous driving systems are increasingly integrated into modern vehicles to support the vision of safe, efficient, and comfortable transportation. Given the complexity of these systems, thorough testing and close monitoring of their behavior is inevitable to prevent hazardous situations and unexpected behaviors. This paper presents different approaches for testing ADAS/ADS, focusing on generating critical scenarios for virtual validation and monitoring approaches applied during operation. Specifically, we provide a comprehensive overview of our previous work on combinatorial and search-based testing methodologies, highlighting their application in generating robust test suites. Additionally, we summarize our work on intelligent monitoring approaches to detect operational issues. Our findings emphasize the necessity of advanced testing solutions and continuous monitoring to identify and mitigate potential failures, demonstrating their applicability in enhancing the safety and trustworthiness of ADAS/AD.
Amyloid-beta antibody treatment in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Stögmann Elisabeth , Schmidt Reinhold 
Published: November 2024

SummaryAmyloid-beta (Aβ) antibody treatment has emerged as a promising approach for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), targeting the accumulation of Aβ plaques, which are a hallmark of the disease. This review provides an update on recent clinical trial data, highlighting the efficacy and safety of various antibodies targeting Aβ. Recent trials have demonstrated that certain Aβ antibodies can reduce amyloid plaques and slow cognitive decline in patients with early AD. Key findings from trials of drugs are discussed, including their mechanisms of action, dosing regimens, and observed side effects. The potential for Aβ antibody therapy to be integrated into routine clinical practice is also explored. While Aβ antibody therapy represents a significant advancement in AD treatment, ongoing research is needed to optimize their use and understand their long-term impact. This review underscores the importance of personalized medicine in AD and the need for continued innovation in therapeutic strategies.
Prevalence of self-reported symptoms of diabetic autonomic dysfunction in the North Denmark Region: a population-based survey
Authors: Bitsch Poulsen Maria , Wegeberg Anne-Marie , Røikjer Johan , Nikontovic Amar , Vestergaard Peter , Brock Christina 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Aims
Diabetic autonomic neuropathy is a severe complication of diabetes, estimated to affect up to 44% in type 1 diabetes (T1D) and 73% in type 2 diabetes (T2D) based on clinical studies. Currently, the assessment of diabetic autonomic neuropathy is not implemented in Denmark’s clinical guidelines, complicating the estimation of the true prevalence. Thus, this study investigated the prevalence of self-reported symptoms of autonomic dysfunction in people living with diabetes in the North Denmark Region using the Composite Autonomic Symptoms Score (COMPASS)-31 questionnaire.

Methods
In 2022, all adults with T1D or T2D in the North Denmark Region (n = 29,155) were identified using The National Health Insurance Service Registry and invited to an online survey including the Danish version of COMPASS-31. The prevalence and associated 95% confidence intervals (CI) for symptomatic autonomic dysfunction were determined using a cut-off value of 16.

Results
In total, 7,377 completed COMPASS-31, of which 82.4% reported having T2D and 13.7% T1D. The prevalence of symptomatic autonomic dysfunction was 36.8% (95% CI: 34–40) after a median of 26 years with diabetes for T1D and 44.2% (95% CI: 43–45) after a median of 10 years for T2D. Pupillary and orthostatic intolerance were the most frequent moderate to severe symptoms, respectively (38.4% and 24.0% in T1D and 32.8% and 26.3% in T2D).

Conclusion
Symptoms of autonomic dysfunction are very common in individuals with diabetes living in the North Denmark Region, emphasizing the unmet need for regular testing to increase awareness and allow for adequate management, ultimately reducing the morbidity of diabetes.
Hydrogeologische Systemanalyse zur Erstellung von Grundwassergleichenplänen für Braunschweig
Authors: Langmann Tobias , Wenzlaff Konstantin , Schöniger Hans Matthias 
Published: November 2024

ZusammenfassungDer bewirtschaftete Grundwasserleiter unter der niedersächsischen Großstadt Braunschweig ist Teil eines komplexen Hydrogeosystems. Seine Komplexität ergibt sich durch eine geologisch-topografisch bedingte Fokussierung der Grundwasserströmung in mehreren Rinnen und einen lokalen stockwerksähnlichen Charakter bei gleichzeitiger hydraulischer Wechselwirkung des Grundwassers mit den größeren Oberflächengewässern. Ein hochaufgelöster Grundwassergleichenplan für das Stadtgebiet lag bisher nicht vor. Die Autoren zeigen den Weg ausgehend von umfangreichen, vielfach analog vorliegenden Messwertaufzeichnungen und weiteren Grundlagendaten und hin zu den ersten großflächigen Grundwassergleichenplänen für das Stadtgebiet Braunschweigs. Neue Erkenntnisse zu den hydrogeologischen Verhältnissen aus einer geologischen 3D-Strukturmodellierung bzgl. der Grundwasserleiterarchitektur und zur Anbindung der Oberflächengewässer werden vorgestellt. Die Annahme eines lokal stockwerksähnlichen Charakters des Grundwasserleiters kann anhand der Interpretation der hydraulischen Begebenheiten widerlegt werden. Die Grundwassergleichenpläne dienen zusammen mit den neuen Erkenntnissen zur regionalen Hydrogeologie als grundlegendes digitales Kartenwerk. Als Träger der Information relevanter Strömungsrandbedingungen bilden sie die Voraussetzung für Grundwasserströmungsmodellierungen zur Abschätzung von Grundwassernutzungspotenzialen als Beitrag für die städtische Wasserversorgung der Zukunft.
Characterizing practice-dependent motor learning after a stroke
Authors: Antonioni Annibale , Cellini Nicola , Baroni Andrea , Fregna Giulia , Lamberti Nicola , Koch Giacomo , Manfredini Fabio , Straudi Sofia 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
After stroke, patients must learn to use residual motor function correctly. Consistently, motor learning is crucial in stroke motor recovery. We assessed motor performance, practice-dependent on-line motor learning, and factors potentially affecting them in stroke patients.

Methods
This is a cross-sectional observational study. Twenty-six patients with first brain stroke leading to upper limb motor deficit in the subacute or chronic timeframe were enrolled. They performed a Finger Tapping Task (FTT) with both the affected and unaffected limbs. We assessed how patients learn to perform motor tasks despite the motor deficit and the differences in performance between the unaffected and affected limbs. Furthermore, by randomizing the order, we evaluated the possible inter-limb transfer of motor learning (i.e. transfer of a motor skill learned in one limb to the opposite one). Moreover, sleep, attention, anxiety, and depression were assessed through specific tests and questionnaires.

Results
Improved FTT accuracy and completed sequences for the affected limb were observed, even if lower than for the unaffected one. Furthermore, when patients initially performed the FTT with the unaffected limb, they showed higher accuracy in subsequent task completion with the affected limb than subjects who started with the affected limb. Only anxiety and attentional abilities showed significant correlations with motor performance.

Conclusions
This work provides relevant insights into motor learning in stroke. Practice-dependent on-line motor learning is preserved in stroke survivors, and an inter-limb transfer effect can be observed. Attentional abilities and anxiety can affect learning after stroke, even if the effect of other factors cannot be excluded.
Collective attention overload in a global manufacturing company: a case study
Authors: Barros Victor , Ramos Isabel 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe rapid evolution of information technology (IT) platforms has enabled the collection of vast volumes of data for decision support. These technologies have facilitated an increase in information sharing and collaboration, promising to accelerate problem-solving and foster innovation. However, despite the advancements in this sophisticated and evolving technological landscape, scholars have raised concerns that the collective attention of organizations may be compromised primarily due to the overwhelming volume of information that employees are exposed to daily. Given the limited nature of human attention, this excessive information can impair decision-making and restrict an organization’s capacity to achieve performance enhancements. To understand the IT impact on collective attention, we conducted a case study in a multinational organization in the engineering and electronics sector. Our participants described how an IT platform designed to encourage information sharing and collaboration affected collective mindfulness of opportunities for collaboration and innovation. Despite an innovation culture and careful implementation, the IT platform induced a level of information sharing and collaboration that overwhelmed collective attention, leading to employees failing to achieve the anticipated performance improvements. Our findings caution organizations about how emerging technologies may induce attention overload, undermine collective attention, and detract from collective mindfulness of business opportunities. Our research findings confront the prevalent assumption that an abundance of high-quality information invariably leads to enhanced organizational performance. The article concludes by proposing a research agenda aimed at defining guidelines for the adoption of collaborative IT platforms that prevent overloading collective attention.