bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DMD Open‐access Variant Explorer (DOVE): A scalable, open‐access, web‐based tool to aid in clinical interpretation of genetic variants in the DMD gene
Authors: Bailey Mitchell , Miller Nicole 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackgroundDuchenne muscular dystrophy (Duchenne) is caused by pathogenic variants in the DMD gene. Antisense oligonucleotides (AONs) are one emerging precision medicine treatment for Duchenne. DMD molecular genetic testing results guide precision‐therapy molecular eligibility, requiring healthcare providers to perform analyses currently uncommon in clinical laboratory and medical practices. Clear DMD variant notation and interpretation are key components of clinical care with the availability of precision medicine.MethodsThe DMD Open‐access Variant Explorer (DOVE) is a web‐based aid for DMD variant interpretation which additionally reports variant‐specific predicted molecular eligibility for therapy. DOVE was developed in Python and adapted to the Django Web framework, integrates existing open‐access tools, and does not rely on previous variant report/classification.ResultsDOVE [www.dmd.nl/DOVE] interprets colloquial and HGMD inputs of DMD variants to output HGMD variant nomenclature, theoretical molecular eligibility for therapy, and any predicted deleterious molecular consequences of therapy. DOVE relies on holistic in silico prediction of molecular eligibility for therapy in lieu of reference to an empirically defined, “variant‐eligible” list. Examples illustrate the advantage and necessity for holistic variant interpretation.ConclusionDOVE may prove useful for variant interpretation both at patient‐level and in large‐scale programs such as newborn screening and has broad application in concept to molecular genetic test result interpretation.
Evaluation of magnetohydrodynamic effects in magnetic resonance electrical impedance tomography at ultra‐high magnetic fields
Authors: Minhas Atul S. , Chauhan Munish , Fu Fanrui , Sadleir Rosalind 
Published: November 2018

PurposeArtifacts observed in experimental magnetic resonance electrical impedance tomography images were hypothesized to be because of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) effects.Theory and MethodsSimulations of MREIT acquisition in the presence of MHD and electrical current flow were performed to confirm findings. Laminar flow and (electrostatic) electrical conduction equations were bidirectionally coupled via Lorentz force equations, and finite element simulations were performed to predict flow velocity as a function of time. Gradient sequences used in spin‐echo and gradient echo acquisitions were used to calculate overall effects on MR phase images for different electrical current application or phase‐encoding directions.ResultsCalculated and experimental phase images agreed relatively well, both qualitatively and quantitatively, with some exceptions. Refocusing pulses in spin echo sequences did not appear to affect experimental phase images.ConclusionMHD effects were confirmed as the cause of observed experimental phase changes in MREIT images obtained at high fields. These findings may have implications for quantitative measurement of viscosity using MRI techniques. Methods developed here may be also important in studies of safety and in vivo artifacts observed in high field MRI systems.
Reducing the number of samples in spatiotemporal dMRI acquisition design
Authors: Filipiak Patryk , Fick Rutger , Petiet Alexandra , Santin Mathieu , Philippe Anne‐Charlotte , Lehericy Stephane , Ciuciu Philippe , Deriche Rachid , Wassermann Demian 
Published: November 2018

PurposeAcquisition time is a major limitation in recovering brain white matter microstructure with diffusion magnetic resonance imaging. The aim of this paper is to bridge the gap between growing demands on spatiotemporal resolution of diffusion signal and the real‐world time limitations. The authors introduce an acquisition scheme that reduces the number of samples under adjustable quality loss.MethodsFinding a sampling scheme that maximizes signal quality and satisfies given time constraints is NP‐hard. Therefore, a heuristic method based on genetic algorithm is proposed in order to find suboptimal solutions in acceptable time. The analyzed diffusion signal representation is defined in the qτ space, so that it captures both spacial and temporal phenomena.ResultsThe experiments on synthetic data and in vivo diffusion images of the C57Bl6 wild‐type mouse corpus callosum reveal superiority of the proposed approach over random sampling and even distribution in the qτ space.ConclusionsThe use of genetic algorithm allows to find acquisition parameters that guarantee high signal reconstruction accuracy under given time constraints. In practice, the proposed approach helps to accelerate the acquisition for the use of qτ‐dMRI signal representation.
FDEM‐TH3D: A three‐dimensional coupled hydrothermal model for fractured rock
Authors: Yan Chengzeng , Jiao Yu‐Yong 
Published: November 2018

SummaryThis paper proposes a three‐dimensional coupled hydrothermal model for fractured rock based on the finite‐discrete element method to simulate fluid flow and heat transport. The 3D coupled hydrothermal model is composed of three main parts: a heat conduction model for the rock matrix, a heat transfer model for the fluid in the fractures (including heat conduction and heat convection), and a heat exchange model between the rock matrix and the fluid in the fractures. Four examples with analytical solutions are provided to verify the model. A heat exchange experiment of circulating water in a cylindrical granite sample with one fracture is simulated. The simulation results agree well with the experimental results. The effects of the fracture aperture, fluid viscosity, and pressure difference on the heat exchange between the fluid and rock are studied. Finally, an application concerned with heat transport and fluid flow in fractured rock is presented. The simulation results indicate that the 3D fully coupled hydrothermal model can capture the fluid flow and temperature evolution of rocks and fluids.
Hydrogen bonding assists stereocomplexation in poly(l‐lactic acid)/poly(d‐lactic acid) racemic blends
Authors: Li Zhaolei , Zhang Meng , Fan Xiao , Ye Xinxin , Zeng Yu , Zhou Haijun , Guo Weijie , Ma Yu , Shao Jun , Yan Chao 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTIn this communication, we reported the sequence variation of stereocomplex crystals (SC) and homocrystals (HC) in poly(l‐lactic acid)/poly(d‐lactic acid) (PLLA/PDLA) racemic blends melts. It was evidenced that the emerging sequence of the SC and HC depends on the hydrogen bond formation in the melt, and the hydrogen bond is required for the stereocomplexation in PLLA/PDLA racemic blend. First, by combining a commercial fast‐scan chip‐calorimeter (Flash DSC 1) and micro‐FTIR, we found that hydrogen bonds were formed in the melt during cooling at 2.5 K/s, but not at 3000 K/s. Second, annealing the melt without hydrogen bonds at 100 °C led to HC emerging first, while annealing the melt with hydrogen bonds resulted in SC emerging at first. Third, the crystallization kinetics of the racemic blends after cooling to predefined Tc at 2.5 or 3000 K/s further verified that the hydrogen bonding can be inhibited effectively by cooling the racemic blends isotropic melt at fast enough rate. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2019, 57, 83–88
Stabilizing conditions for model predictive control
Authors: Mayne David Q. , Falugi Paola 
Published: November 2018

SummaryExisting stabilizing conditions that use a terminal cost and constraint that, if satisfied, ensure stability and recursive feasibility for deterministic, robust, and stochastic model predictive control are briefly reviewed and analyzed. It is pointed out that these conditions do not cover all situations. Proposals are made to cover a wider range of desired applications.
Mesenchymal Stem Cell Administration Attenuates Colon Cancer Progression by Modulating the Immune Component within the Colorectal Tumor Microenvironment
Authors: François Sabine , Usunier Benoit , Forgue-Lafitte Marie-Elisabeth , L’Homme Bruno , Benderitter Marc , Douay Luc , Gorin Norbert-Claude , Larsen Annette K. , Chapel Alain 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
We here determine the influence of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy on the progression of solid tumors. The influence of MSCs was investigated in human colorectal cancer cells as well as in an immunocompetent rat model of colorectal carcinogenesis representative of the human pathology. Treatment with bone marrow (BM)-derived MSCs significantly reduced both cancer initiation and cancer progression by increasing the number of tumor-free animals as well as decreasing the number and the size of the tumors by half, thereby extending their lifespan. The attenuation of cancer progression was mediated by the capacity of the MSCs to modulate the immune component. Specifically, in the adenocarcinomas (ADKs) of MSC-treated rats, the infiltration of CD68+ monocytes/macrophages was 50% less while the presence of CD3+ lymphocytes increased almost twofold. The MSCs reprogrammed the macrophages to become regulatory cells involved in phagocytosis thereby inhibiting the production of proinflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, the MSCs decreased NK (Natural Killer) and rTh17 cell activities, Treg recruitment, the presence of CD8+ lymphocytes and endothelial cells while restoring Th17 cell activity. The expression of miR-150 and miR-7 increased up to fivefold indicating a likely role for these miRNAs in the modulation of tumor growth. Importantly, MSC administration limited the damage of healthy tissues and attenuated tumor growth following radiotherapy. Taken together, we here show that that MSCs have durable action on colon cancer development by modulating the immune component of the tumor microenvironment. In addition, we identify two miRNAs associated with the capacity of MSCs to attenuate cancer growth. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2019;8:285&300
Biosynthesized Quantum Dot Size Cu Nanocatalyst: Peroxidase Mimetic and Aqueous Phase Conversion of Fructose
Authors: Thiyam David Singh , Nongmeikapam Amla Chanu , Nandeibam Ayingbi Devi , Heikham Farida Devi , Henam Premananda Singh 
Published: November 2018

AbstractEnvironmentally benign, stable quantum dot size spherical Cu particles with an average size of ∼ 4.5 nm, as measured via transmission electron microscope, were coherently tailored exploiting renewable ethno‐pharmacological Oxalis corniculata plant extract as both reducing plus capping agent. The reliable green aqueous synthesis approach completely excluded the usage of inert atmosphere and harmful chemicals including organic solvents. The ensuing cost effective Cu nanoparticles exhibited excellent intrinsic peroxidase like activity and superior nanozyme behaviour compare to earlier reports with Km value of 0.01426 M and rmax equal to 0.1399 Mmin−1 toward the oxidation of peroxidase substrate H2O2 in presence of o‐phenylenediamine, a paradigm reaction. Significantly, the as‐prepared Cu particles have been proven to be a novel catalyst for feasible selective aqueous phase conversion of fructose to levulinic acid with a maximum yield of ∼ 22.38% at 90°C in the absenteeism of prominent side product(s), auxiliaries and high temperature reaction condition. Lewis acid property and large surface area of the generated nanoscale particles attributed to their excellent catalytic potential introducing a new avenue in the continuous demand for better sensing, biomedical applications and cleaner energy production.
Density Functional Theory Study on the Mechanisms of Platinum‐ and Gold‐Catalyzed Cycloisomerizations of Biaryl Propargyl Alcohol and Indolyl Allenol to Phenanthrene and Carbazole
Authors: Menkir Mengistu G. , Lee Shyi L. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe mechanisms and selectivity of PtCl2‐ and AuCl‐catalyzed cyclizations of indolyl allenols as well as PtCl2‐ and InCl3‐catalyzed cyclization of biaryl propargyl alcohol were analyzed by means of DFT calculations to gain deeper insights into the reaction mechanisms and the different reactivity of Pt and In catalysts. The calculated results ruled out the mechanism proposed in the original study as a feasible pathway for PtCl2‐ and AuCl‐catalyzed cyclizations of indolyl allenols. Alternatively, by performing an exhaustive search on the potential energy surface, we found that PtCl2‐ and AuCl‐catalyzed cyclizations of indolyl allenols involve 6‐endo‐trig cyclization followed by water cluster‐assisted elimination of H2O, and the generation of product‐catalyst complex occurs by in situ‐generated H2O‐assisted deprotonation/proto‐demetalation sequence for Pt‐catalysis and by 1,2‐H shift for Au‐catalysis. In contrast, PtCl2‐catalyzed cyclization of biaryl propargyl alcohol proceeds through 6‐exo‐dig cyclization followed by direct hydrogen abstraction by hydroxyl group and 1,2‐H shift processes to afford vinylphenanthrene, while the same reaction in the presence of InCl3 catalyst offers fluorene via concerted 5‐exo‐tet cyclization/aromatization. The NBO analysis of the intermediate formed after the elimination of H2O in the catalytic cycles indicates that the nature of bonding is not quite carbene. The calculated results are very well in agreement with the experimental observations.
Three‐Component Synthesis of Spiropyrans Using SBA‐15/En Bonded Phosphorous Acid [SBA‐15/Pr‐NH1‐y(CH2PO3H2)y‐Et‐NH2‐x(CH2PO3H2)x] as a New Nanoporous Heterogeneous Catalyst
Authors: Zarei Mahmoud , Zolfigol Mohammad Ali , Moosavi‐Zare Ahmad Reza , Noroozizadeh Ehsan , Rostamnia Sadegh 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIn this work, a convenient multi‐component reaction towards the synthesis of spiropyran derivatives catalyzed was described using SBA‐15/(CH2)3N(CH2PO3H2)(CH2)2‐N(CH2PO3H2)2 as a novel efficient, recyclable and nanostructured catalyst in water under reflux condition. The main advantages of the offered methodology are notable yields, short reaction times and the reusability of the catalyst. This catalyst was also tested in large scale to investigate it for using in industrial applications which had remarkable results.
TGA, DSC and DFT Studies of TKX‐50, ABTOX and Their Key Precursors
Authors: Talawar Mahadev B. , Nandagopal Sundaramurthy , Singh Sudhir , Mahajan Anilkumar P. , Badgujar Dilip M. , Gupta Manoj , Shafeeuulla Khan Md. Abdul 
Published: November 2018

AbstractTKX‐50 (Dihydroxylammonium 5,5’‐bistetrazolate‐1,1’‐dioxide) and ABTOX (Diammonium salt of 5,5’‐bistetrazole‐1,1′‐diolate) being simple and cheap to prepare from commonly available chemicals, are emerging as promising energetic materials along with the advantages like required thermal insensitivity, low toxicity and safe handling. In order to synthesize such powerful materials with utmost care, it is essential to know about the precursors and reaction intermediates involved. Therefore, the detailed thermal analyses of various precursors such as glyoxime (I), dichloroglyoxime (II), diazidoglyoxime (III) and bistetrazoledihydroxide (IV) and final products viz., TKX‐50 (V) and ABTOX (VI) were carried out using differential scanning calorimetric and thermal gravimetric analysis experiments. The relative trend of band gap values calculated from the difference of HOMO and LUMO is well correlated with the decomposition temperatures (Tmax) values at a heating rate of 10 °C min−1 indicating the relative thermal stability of I–VI. The impact and friction sensitivity of ABTOX and TKX‐50 indicated that these compounds are safer than the currently known powerful explosives such as CL‐20. The calculated density impulse of TKX‐50 in rocket propellant formulations was found to be 499 g m−2 s−1 which is similar as that of HMX (494 g m−2 s−1). The theoretical performance prediction of TKX‐50 as the potential ingredient in gun propellant formulations indicated that the TKX‐50 could yield higher force constant (1471 J K−1) in comparison to currently known explosive such as RDX (1412 J K−1).
Metal‐Free and Ultrasound‐Assisted C–C and O‐Si (O‐Protected) Bond Formation in Cyanosilylation of Aldehydes with TMSCN Catalyzed by Functionalized Graphene Oxide Derivatives
Authors: Mohammadi Ozra , Golestanzadeh Mohsen , Abdouss Majid 
Published: November 2018

AbstractA novel and efficient graphene oxide derivatives‐catalyzed cyanosilylation of aldehydes was developed using trimethylsilyl cyanide (TMSCN) as the cyanide source under metal‐free and ultrasound irradiation. In this important reaction, the C−C and O−Si bonds were formed without transition metal. The corresponding cyanohydrin trimethylsilyl ethers were obtained in good to excellent yields. In addition, the catalyst was reusable for six catalytic cycles without remarkable decreasing in its activity.
Synthesis of Gold Nanorods Using Poly(vinylpyrrolidone) of Different Molecular Weights as an Additive
Authors: Requejo Katherinne I. , Liopo Anton V. , Zubarev Eugene R. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe use of poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) of different molecular weights (5‐360 kDa) during the synthesis of gold nanorods (AuNRs) via seedless and seed‐mediated approaches is reported. For both syntheses, the LSPR band can be tuned from 700 to 1050 nm by modifying the molecular weight of PVP in a time dependent addition of polymer. Moreover, the growth of AuNRs in 100 mM cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) is accelerated as the molecular weight of PVP increases from 5 to 360 kDa for the seedless approach. In the case of AuNRs synthesized by the seed‐mediated approach, the aspect ratio decreases from 7.41 to 3.72 as the molecular weight of PVP increases to 55 kDa. For both protocols, high molecular weight of PVP reduces the shape yield despite of producing smaller AuNRs. Therefore, the incorporation of small amounts of PVP during the growth stage can be utilized for the preparation of anisotropic nanostructures to tune their optical properties and improve their shape yield.
Blended Scrum model for software development organizations
Authors: Çetin Esra , Onay Durdu Pınar 
Published: November 2018

AbstractSoftware organizations have to develop software in a short time, and quickly respond to changing requirements. Recently, organizations have started to implement agile development models to reduce cost and increase productivity and quality. Scrum, one of the most widely used agile methodologies, is often implemented in various ways that depart in an uncontrolled fashion from the original model, resulting in development methods often called “ScrumBut.” Some argue that such incomplete implementations violate Scrum's core practices and philosophy, while others propose that all methodologies should be adapted to organization's unique culture and integrated with their best practices.In this research, a Blended Scrum model was proposed to overcome uncontrolled ScrumBut issues while transitioning to Scrum. The study was organized as a case study in which software professionals working in Scrum teams were interviewed. In addition, a questionnaire was conducted with other software professionals to determine how agile methods, specifically Scrum, were used. The interviews and questionnaire revealed various Scrum practical implementations. The Blended Scrum model was developed by integrating original Scrum with practices that were determined by interviews and questionnaire conducted with software professionals with real‐world Scrum experience. Finally, the Blended Scrum model was evaluated by Scrum professionals and received positive feedback.
In vitro study of the demineralization induced in human enamel by an acidic beverage using X‐ray fluorescence spectroscopy and Raman microscopy
Authors: Cândido M. , Silveira J.M. , Mata A. , Carvalho M.L. , Pessanha S. 
Published: November 2018

This study was conducted with the purpose of evaluating the demineralization effect of a widely consumed acidic soft drink, Coca‐Cola®, in human enamel. This way, an in vitro model for the daily intake of this beverage was developed taking into account the intraoral environment. The evaluation of the enamel specimens was undertaken considering two approaches, the direct analysis of enamel surface and the study of specimens as cross sections. The depolarization ratio of the phosphate symmetric stretching band in Raman spectra was used to evaluate the loss of mineralization of the hydroxyapatite matrix, and the changes regarding the elemental content was performed using energy‐dispersive X‐ray fluorescence (EDXRF). For comparison, the Rayleigh‐to‐Compton ratio in EDXRF spectra of enamel samples was also determined in order to establish alterations in the average atomic number of the samples before and after erosive challenge.Considering the model applied and the timeframe of study, we determined evidences of demineralization after consumption of this drink. There was a significant increase of depolarization ratio in most of the analyzed specimens as well as a decrease of the concentration of major elements concomitant with apparent increase of the concentration of trace elements. Moreover, depths of demineralization of tens of micrometers were obtained with both spectroscopic techniques, showing consistency between the obtained results.
Effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on language, speech and communication outcomes: a review longitudinal studies
Authors: Hendricks Gaironeesa , Malcolm-Smith Susan , Adnams Colleen , Stein Dan Joseph , Donald Kirsten Ann Mary 
Published: November 2018

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this paper was to provide a systematic review and update on the available longitudinal studies on the impact of prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) on language, speech and communication development, as well as associated potential environmental confounders during the preschool period.MethodsA literature search was restricted to English, full‐text, peer‐reviewed, longitudinal studies in from 1970 until present: PUBMed, Scopus, Web of Science {C-e Collection, Biological Abstracts, KCI-Kean Journal Database, Russian Science Citation Index, SciELO Citation Index, Zoological Rec-d}, Academic Search Premier (Africa-Wide Information, CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO. Keywords included: prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE); speech or language or communication outcomes; neurocognitive or neurodevelopment or neurobehavioral or neurobehavioural; infant or baby or toddler or preschooler; longitudinal or follow-up. The inclusion criteria included (i) longitudinal cohorts with at least 2 time-points; (ii) association of light, moderate or heavy PAE on language, speech or communication delay, development or disorder; (iii) environmental confounders; (iv) infants up to preschool age.ResultsSix studies satisfied the threshold for inclusion. Three studies reported that PAE was significantly associated with receptive or expressive delay. These studies demonstrated lower scores on either receptive or expressive communication in the alcohol group in comparison to the non-alcohol group, even after controlling for environmental factors up to 36 months.ConclusionEvidence from the longitudinal studies reviewed suggest that PAE influenced delays in receptive and expressive communication up to 36 months. Contextual risk factors played a significant role in language development over time and especially as children approached school age.