bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Computerized Interventions on Risky Alcohol Use Among Youth: Systematic Review
Authors: Smedslund Geir , Nilsen Wendy , Wollscheid Sabine , Steiro Asbjørn , Fang Lin , Larun Lillebeth 
Published: December 2018

Purpose: The study assessed the effectiveness of computerized brief interventions (CBIs) for youth (aged 15–25) defined as risky alcohol users. Methods: We searched 10 electronic databases. Eligible studies were randomized and quasi-randomized controlled trials examining the effect of CBIs for youth. Results: Fifty-three studies with 33,316 participants were included. Moderate quality evidence showed CBIs to reduce risky alcohol use compared to single-dose assessment. Short-term (<6 months) effects were overall larger than long-term (≥6 months) effects. None of the studies reported adverse effects. Conclusions: The positive effects, easy administration, and lack of adverse effects of CBIs indicate that such brief interventions are a feasible way to reduce risky alcohol use in youth.
Bilingual children do not transfer stress patterns: Evidence from suprasegmental and segmental analysis of L1 and L2 speech of Polish–English child bilinguals
Authors: Zembrzuski Dariusz , Marecka Marta , Otwinowska Agnieszka , Zajbt Ewa , Krzemiński Marek , Szewczyk Jakub , Wodniecka Zofia 
Published: December 2018

Aims and objectives/purpose/research questions: The study examines bilingual children’s prosodic competence, specifically the ability to correctly assign word stress in both languages, and contrasts it with participants’ segmental competence. To this end, we estimated and compared the magnitude of prosodic and segmental transfer in L1 and L2 speech of typically developing Polish–English migrant bilingual children raised in the UK. We also explored the influence of cumulative language exposure on both types of transfer. Design/methodology/approach: A non-word repetition task was used in both languages to assess children’s faithfulness in repeating segmentals and stress patterns in two to five syllable-long items. Also, a parental questionnaire on cumulative language exposure was conducted to estimate the quality of input in both languages. All children ( N = 59, M = 5;8) were early bilinguals raised in the UK. Data and analysis: A 2x2 ANOVA and a correlation analysis were conducted to compare the magnitude of prosodic and segmental transfer, within and across languages. Also, multiple regression analysis was performed to establish the predictors of transfer in L1 and L2. Findings/conclusions: The bilingual children repeated stress patterns in both languages correctly, showing resistance to transfer in word stress, even though bidirectional transfer was observed in segmentals. The magnitude of segmental transfer in Polish and English was predicted by cumulative exposure to English, while prosodic transfer in Polish was predicted by cumulative exposure to Polish. Originality and significance/implications: The study provides evidence on word stress placement in the age group of bilingual children, 4–7 years of age, in comparison with segmental data. It uses a novel methodology in comparing the magnitude of transfer between prosody and segmentals, within and across languages. Moreover, the study highlights the importance of language exposure for reducing the amount of segmental transfer in this group of children.
Case-control study analysis of DRD2 gene polymorphisms in drug addicted patients
Authors: Sznabowicz Mariusz , Jasiewicz Andrzej , Iskra-Trifunović Joanna , Małecka Iwona , Karakiewicz Beata , Kotwas Artur , Samochowiec Jerzy , Grzywacz Anna 
Published: December 2018

Cel pracyCelem przedstawionego badania było wykazanie związku pomiędzy wybranymi polimorfizmami genu receptora dopaminy DRD2 a uzależnieniem od narkotyków.MetodaW badaniu zrekrutowano 100 osób uzależnionych od narkotyków, leczonych w stacjonarnych ośrodkach leczenia uzależnień na terenie Polski. Uczestnicy zostali przebadani z zastosowaniem ustrukturyzowanego wywiadu klinicznego SSAGA celem opisania obrazu klinicznego.
W drugiej części, przebadano uczestników z zastosowaniem narzędzi psychometrycznych oceniających wybrane cechy psychopatologiczne. Od każdego z uczestników pobrano krew celem izolacji DNA, z którego oznaczono następujące polimorfizmy SNP genu DRD2:
Tag 1D (rs1800498), Tag 1B (rs 1079597), rs 1076560.WynikiW badaniu asocjacyjnym wykazano związek polimorfizmu Tag D1 z uzależnieniem od narkotyków, gdzie wariant alleliczny T pojawiał się częściej w grupie badanej w stosunku do grupy kontrolnej. Związek ten okazał się jeszcze silniejszy w podgrupach pacjentów uzależnionych od przetworów konopi indyjskich i opiatów.WnioskiPrzekaźnictwo dopaminergiczne odgrywa kluczową rolę w neurobiologicznym podłożu uzależnień. Polimorfizmy SNP położone w niekodowanych obszarach genu DRD2, wykazują związek z uzależnieniem. Wpływ tych polimorfizmów na funkcję wybranego receptora, odbywa się poprzez zjawisko “splicing'u”.
Increase in pharmacodynamic tolerance after repeated antidepressant trials in treatment-responsive bipolar I depressed subjects: An exploratory study
Authors: Amsterdam Jay D. , Lorenzo-Luaces Lorenzo 
Published: December 2018

Cel pracyW niniejszym badaniu analizowano występowanie zwiększonej tolerancji farmakodynamicznej związanej ze zmniejszoną skutecznością leków przeciwdepresyjnych po wielokrotnym ich stosowaniu u pacjentów z podatną na leczenie chorobą afektywną dwubiegunową typu IIMetoda. Dane pochodzą z fazy otwartej prospektywnego, randomizowanego, kontrolowanego z użyciem placebo badania skuteczności długotrwałej monoterapii fluoksetyną w porównaniu z monoterapią litem. Przeprowadzono je u 148 osób w wieku ≥ 18 lat z podatną na leczenie chorobą afektywną dwubiegunową typu II, u których w badaniu otwartym początkowo stosowano monoterapię fluoksetyną przez 12 tygodni. Odpowiedź na leczenie zdefiniowano jako zmniejszenie wyjściowego wyniku w Skali Depresji Hamiltona (HRSD) o ≥ 50%, natomiast remisję jako końcowy wynik HRSD ≤ 8.WynikiŚrednia liczba odpowiednich terapii z użyciem leków antydepresyjnych w przebiegu choroby afektywnej, przeprowadzonych przed włączeniem do badania, wynosiła 1,61 (odch. std. 1,85, zakres: 0–9). Zaobserwowano 25% spadek prawdopodobieństwa odpowiedzi na fluoksetynę (p < 0,01) i 22% spadek prawdopodobieństwa remisji (p = 0,02), każdorazowo wraz ze wzrostem liczby wcześniejszych terapii lekami antydepresyjnymi. Nie stwierdzono klinicznie istotnej korelacji między odpowiedzią na fluoksetynę lub remisją, a jakąkolwiek inną wyjściową kliniczną lub demograficzną zmienną. Tak więc jedynie liczba wcześniejszych terapii lekami przeciwdepresyjnymi miała istotny wpływ na prawdopodobieństwo odpowiedzi na fluoksetynę lub remisji.WnioskiWyniki potwierdzają wcześniejsze obserwacje zwiększonej tolerancji farmakodynamicznej w odpowiedzi na wielokrotne stosowanie leków przeciwdepresyjnych, które powoduje stopniowe zmniejszenie skuteczności leków przeciwdepresyjnych w czasie trwania choroby.
The Sense of Classroom Belonging Among Pre-Service Teachers: Testing a Theoretical Model
Authors: Gizir Sıdıka 
Published: December 2018

<p>The purpose of the present study is to test a hypothetical model in order to examine the association between students’ sense of classroom belonging along with four other university class-level variables including faculty-student relationships, connected classroom climate referring peer relationships, loneliness and classroom identity. It is intended to draw attention of teacher educators to the importance of creating sense of community at classroom level through this study in order to improve the quality of teacher education. With this aim, pre-service teachers attending the faculty of education were selected as sample of the study (N= 1425). Each measures used in this study was adapted for college-level students through confirmatory factor analysis in order to test specific predictions concerning each measure’s structure and the results revealed that all measures have adequate psychometric properties. The model examined with structural equation modeling was an excellent fit with the data, and the results indicated that the fitted model explained 50% of the variance in classroom identity; 47% of the variance in sense of classroom belonging; 14% of the variance in classroom climate; and 9% of the variance in loneliness. Results and implications are discussed.</p>
Investigation of Mathematical Concept Skills of Children Trained with Montessori Approach and MoNE Pre-school Education Program
Authors: Ongoren Sema , Yazlik Derya Ozlem 
Published: December 2018

<p style="text-align:justify">In this study, it is aimed to examine the mathematical conceptual skills of 48-72-month-old children attending pre-school education institutions providing a Montessori Approach and Ministry of National Education Pre-school Program (MoNE PSP). The study group consisted of 20 children, who were trained by the Montessori Approach, and 20 children, who continued to attend pre-school education institutions applying the MoNE PSP. The research was carried out in accordance with the state study design of the qualitative research methods, and the data of the study was collected by the structured observation method at the free play/individual work time in the learning centers of the children constituting the study group. A structured observation form was used as the data gathering tool, and mathematical concept skills such as counting, matching, grouping, comparison, positioning, measurement, pattern, part-whole, transactions and creating a graphic were included. Research data were analyzed with descriptive analysis method, and the frequency and percentage values of the obtained data were calculated. As a result of the study, it was observed that the students trained with the Montessori Approach and MoNE PSP could not create graphics in both groups, while the rhythmic counting and patterning skills were the most observed skills in children. It has been determined that children trained with the Montessori Approach perform more studies, especially on matching, grouping, comparison/ranking, and part-whole skills, compared to the children trained with MoNE PSP. In the light of the results obtained in this research, it is suggested that the play materials that had to be in classes where MoNE PSP was applied should be standardized, and children should be able to get through these materials; also mathematics center should be established in the class level.</p>
African cinema on demand? The politics of online distribution and the case of the African Film Library
Authors: Fisher Alexander 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
This article considers the impact of online distribution on the long-term availability and preservation of African cinema. It examines the case of Electronic Media Network’s (M-Net) African Film Library (AFL), a video-on-demand (VOD) library of classic African films that was launched in 2012, but taken offline by 2013. The article argues that this short-lived project represents a pivotal moment in the way we think about African film archiving and distribution, in which new technologies and consequently disintermediated business models promised to facilitate the circulation of African films in a manner that was socially beneficial, but which in reality resulted in monopolistic control of the content that presented a serious threat to its long-term preservation. The article goes on to argue that the AFL case encapsulates the entire discourse surrounding the shift to online distribution, in which a ‘cybertopian’ narrative of a disintermediated and thus democratized film culture quickly gives way to a reality in which content is more tightly controlled by an increasingly narrow and powerful set of private stakeholders, ultimately threatening the preservation of any content that is vulnerable to the shifting demands of the market.
‘The big brother we appreciate’ or a ‘mafioso’? The emergence of stereotypes concerning China and the Chinese in Angola
Authors: Jura Jaroslaw , Kaluzynska Kaja , De Carvalho Paulo 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
This article aims to analyse the process of emergence of China-related stereotypes in Angola, which have started to appear with an increasing number of Angolans establishing direct and non-direct contacts with the Chinese. The article investigates this issue based on the content of China-related articles and netizens’ opinions published online from 2010 to 2015 in Angolan media (altogether 5005 cases) supplemented with coded results of 61 in-depth interviews. The results of qualitative and quantitative analysis suggest that the general image of the Chinese held by Angolans is rather positive. However, the influx of Chinese migrants into this country and a relatively high number of problematic situations involving members of the Chinese diaspora have resulted in gradual worsening of the image of this specific group. Such problematic issues include the low quality of engineering projects, maltreatment of Angolan workers and a possibility of Chinese neo-colonization of Angola.
Discourses of power and counter-power in the Zimbabwean politico-religious communication in online news media
Authors: Mapuweyi Nyasha , Wozniak Janina 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Christianity as the predominant religion in Zimbabwe consists of several faith groupings, each of which responds to public events through the mass media. Mainline churches uphold a conventional human rights approach to faith-based political criticism, while Mapostori or Apostolic churches follow an Africanist form of faith and appear to condone some alignment with the authoritarian ruling party. In the sampled media coverage of three online newspapers, the political use of religious strategies or practices from various faith groups by the president and high-ranking party functionaries is reported from either the former government-sanctioned view or an oppositional stance. Moralist reprimand is levied at various politicians from a religious rationale, assuming good and evil, church and state, Christianity and African spirituality, which, however, remain abstract since there is no overall faith-based guidance for political behaviour beyond a secular constitution that still appears utopian. The critical discourse analysis suggests that complex relationships exist among the various faiths, causing diverse religious interpretations of political events. This suspension of Cartesian thinking results in a continuing circular logic of blame and prayer, disaster and prophesy instead of the use of constitutional democratic institutions to hold politicians accountable. Such logic seems sustained by politicized interpretations of spiritual entities, spiritual interpretations of political events and by the perceptions of the Zimbabwean public, who, as believers of one or other faith, is equally at the mercy of opportunistic ‘prophets’ from many denominations as it is targeted by the political powers of the day.
ISolezwe’s coverage of the May 2008 xenophobic riots: An irresolute start and an ambivalent end
Authors: Ngwane Simphiwe 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Each language has a multiplicity of registers and the media rely on these ‘differentiators’ to convey news to designated audiences, who will imbibe the news with the intended meaning. IsiZulu is one of South Africa’s Lingua francas and has two successful news publications, iLanga and iSolezwe, both written in isiZulu but vastly different in how they convey, craft and package news. This article aims to examine how iSolezwe, an isiZulu-language tabloid, used two editorials to shape its stance on the May 2008 xenophobic riots. Through the editorials agenda-setting execution, we are able to analyse the tabloids ideology; even when the news reports, and photo-journalistic pieces offered ‘impartially full’ accounts, but, metaphors stray from headline to headline, photographs that are meaningless in themselves become significant when juxtaposed to a piece of text (Fowler 1991: 225). Anton Harber in examining the xenophobic coverage in the print media asked the question, ‘what is it we want from our media at a time of ugly anti-social violence?’ (2008: 161). ISolezwe’s coverage began with ambivalence, exhibiting sympathy towards the frustrated South African perpetrators, but was shocked at the level of violence. The news reports were more ‘balanced’ in their coverage, without assuming a position in contrast to the editorials. Examining the entire coverage, a theme is evident, from ambivalent editorials, to news reports that were more balanced. The second editorial dovetailed from the then president of the African National Congress (ANC) Jacob Zuma’s condemnation of the violence but the tabloid did not condemn the xenophobic riots outright, and its reporting ends with a repatriation theme and the tabloid never explored notions of integration.
The story of a cultural seed sown in Addis Ababa: The Ethiopian International Film Festival (ETHIOFFEST)
Authors: Teshome Yirgashewa 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
This visual essay is the story of the Ethiopian International Film Festival (ETHIOFFEST); Addis Ababa’s cultural scene founded a decade ago to create the desire and vision of what a film festival can mean to the future of the creative community in Ethiopia. It is the story of how the ETHIOFFEST, in a country where the concept has never been known, became an annual cultural event pitched against all odds. The visual essay overviews a decade-long journey of the festival from its inception to date that mainly focuses on its establishment and challenges, as well as contributions to film culture in and about Ethiopia. This could be a primary resource for those who are interested in Ethiopian film activity as it is presented by the founding director of the festival.
PENENTUAN LOGAM BESI DAN SENG TOTAL DALAM PRODUK PERIKANAN MENGGUNAKAN FLAME ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROMETRY DAN PENGUKURAN NILAI KETIDAKPASTIANNYA
Authors: Nugraha Willy Cahya , Elishian Christine , Ketrin Rosi 
Published: December 2018

Besi (Fe) dan Seng (Zn) merupakan unsur yang berguna bagi manusia. Keberadaan logam Fe dan Zn dalam produk perikanan yang cukup kecil (trace), mudah tekontaminasi oleh kondisi lingkungan, dan metoda preparasinya yang komplek menyebabkan penentuan logam Fe dan Zn ini cukup sulit, sehingga perlu dicari suatu metoda uji yang valid dan akurat. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan pengembangan metoda standar American of Analytical Chemistry (AOAC) tahun 2005 no. 999.10 dengan menggunakan bahan acuan bersertifikat DORM 3 (Fish Protein Certified Reference Material for Trace Metal) dari National Research Council of Canada (NRCC) untuk menguji keakuratan dan ketertelusuran hasil ke Standard Internasional (SI). Metoda ini sudah divalidasi berdasarkan parameter-parameter kimia analitik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata kadar Fe dan Zn dalam sampel perikanan sebesar 178 ± 14 mg.Kg-1 dan 59,8 ± 6,6 mg.Kg-1 (berat kering) dengan faktor cakupan 2 dan tingkat kepercayaan 95%, yang berada pada rentang yang ditentukan 183,5 ± 4,3 mg Kg-1 and 60 ± 1,1 mg Kg-1.Kata kunci : Fe, Zn, trace, CRM, perikanan Iron (Fe) and Zink (Zn) are essential elements for human being. Determination of this elements in fish products is quite difficult because of Fe and Zn content in trace level, easy to be contaminated by the environmental conditions, and, complex preparation methods so that it is needed to find a good and accurate method. In this paper, we have developed a standard method from American of Analytical Chemistry (AOAC), 2005, no. 999. using DORM 3 as Certified Reference Materials (CRMs) to check accuracy and traceability’s results to Standard International (SI). The method has been validated according to analytical parameters. The results showed that means of Fe and Zn concentration in the investigated fish product were 178 ± 14 mg.Kg-1 and 59.8 ± 6,6 mg.Kg-1 respectively with coverage factor 2 and 95% level of confident, and in range of expected mass were 183,5 ± 4,3 mg.Kg-1 and 60 ± 1,1 mg.Kg-1in dry basis.Keywords : Fe, Zn, trace, CRM, fisher
The Evaluation of Substrates and Trichoderma sp. Isolates for Cellulase Production
Authors: Triwahyuni Eka , Aristiawan Yosi , Ariani Novita , Abimanyu Haznan , Anindyawati Trisanti 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAs higher interest was on the lignocellulose-based or second generation bioethanol production, the research was then more focused on the production of cellulase, especially on the domestic enzyme. Trichoderma sp. is considered as one of the most efficient producer of cellulase. This study was conducted to investigate the performance of Trichoderma sp. on a variety of substrates to produce cellulase. Three types of substrate variations and three types of Trichoderma sp. were used in this experiment. The substrate used were wheat bran, rice bran and oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFBs), whereas Trichoderma sp. isolates were encoded as T004, T051 and T063. Production of cellulase was made by solid fermentation for 7 days. The analysis of cellulase activity was done by National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) method for filter paper assay. The results showed that the type of substrate affected the performance of Trichoderma sp. All types of fungus produced cellulase on wheat bran substrate with activity of 0.52 FPU /ml for T004, 0.23 FPU/ml for T051 and 0.27 FPU /ml for T063. With the rice bran substrate and EFBs, only T004 could produce cellulase and the enzyme activity analyzed were 0.08 FPU /ml and 0.008 FPU/ml respectively. Optimation of the buffer addition on enzyme extraction process produces the highest activity 0.85 FPU/mL for T004 with wheat bran substrate. Keywords: cellulase, EFBs, rice bran , Trichoderma sp. , wheat bran
Biskuit mocaf–garut tinggi zat besi meningkatkan kadar Fe darah dan kadar hemoglobin pada tikus Sprague Dawley
Authors: Sari Hesti Permata , Agustia Friska Citra , Subardjo Yovita Puri , Ramadhan Gumintang Ratna 
Published: December 2018

Background: Biskuit are the most popular snack. Agustia et al (2016) have found biscuit made from mocaf-arrowroot substituted chicken’s liver and red spinach that has hight level of iron.Objectives: The aim of this research was to determine the bioassay value of this biscuit. Methods: The experiment was a trial of anemia recovery by providing 32 wistar rats with no iron-containing feeding for 7 days then continued for 14 days were given into 4 treatment groups, ½ serving biscuit (0.2 gram), 1 serving (0.8 gram) and 2 servings (0.4 grams) Statistical analysis was performed by using ANOVA dan LSD. Results: The result showed that there are differences between groups (p:0.00) and we found that the highest increase of Blood Fe and haemoglobin was in the group with 2 servings of biskuist (6.65 ± 0.49 µg/dl ; 3.62 ± 0.06 gr/dl).Conclusion: Biscuit made from mocaf-arrowroot substituted liver and spinach can increase Blood Fe and haemoglobin in anemia rat.