bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
(271) LOW-INTENSITY SHOCKWAVE THERAPY – SHOULD WE INDICATE IN PATIENTS WITH ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION UNRESPONSIVE TO IPDE5?
Authors: Alves L 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Low-intensity Shockwave Therapy (LiSWT) is a new option treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED). Like any new treatment, it initially generates a lot of curiosity and doubts, as it will be compared with pre-existing treatments, with results already established. But what to do when therapy first-line, phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors (iPDE%) do not work or stop work?

Objective
The aim of this study was to analyze the response to the use of LiSWT in patients who do not respond to iPDE 5.

Methods
The study was conducted prospectively, from January 2018 to January 2023. A total of 234 patients were followed, with ages ranging from 35 to 64 years. All complained of ED. The patients were evaluated initially through anamnesis and answered the IIEF questionnaire. All patients in the study were informed about the protocol of LiSWT. All patients signed an informed consent form. The patients included in the study had normal hormonal values The criteria for inclusion in the study were: erectile dysfunction for at least 6 months and have done with the use of phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor (tadalafil, sildenafil or vardenafil), without rigid erection, which we consider presenting the IIEF below 21 points. All patients of protocol underwent to six sessions of LiSWT, in seven consecutive days. The application of probe in the entire penile shaft and base of the penis, with 9000 pulses of focal ultrassonic shockwave device. All patients received 5 mg of tadalafil since the initial os study, according to the protocol.

Results
From total of 234 patients who underwent LiSWT, for the treatment of ED, due to organic causes, 191 patients (81.62%) reported improvement in the quality of erection, considered the initial IIEF, less than 17 points. These patients considered the quality of the erection sufficient for penetration, without manual help. (IIEF greater than 21) The results were collected after the last session and 90 days after the last session, 168 (71.79%) patients reported maintenance of penile rigidity sufficient for sexual intercourse.

Conclusions
LiSWT is an alternative treatment, with good results in groups of selected patients. It should be offered as a therapeutic alternative after use of unresponsive or partially responsive oral medication for ED New studies, with selected, randomized groups, should be carried out, to analyze through the time and number of patients submitted to this new treatment, which is a new and effective therapy against ED.

Disclosure
No.
(297) INFLUENTIAL FACTORS IN THE PHYSICIAN’S DECISION TO PERFORM PENILE AESTHETIC ENHANCEMENT PROCEDURES ON PATIENTS WITH NORMAL DIMENSIONS: A BIOETHICAL EXAMINATION
Authors: Lins L 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Introduction
The dissatisfaction with penis size is common among men, leading many to seek aesthetic procedures for penile enhancement. Although these procedures are increasingly performed, and despite the lack of solid scientific evidence on their long-term safety and efficacy, they raise important bioethical questions, especially when indicated for patients with normal genital dimensions.

Objective
To analyze the factors that influence the medical decision to perform penile girth enhancement procedures on patients with normal dimensions, exploring the associated bioethical implications, and contribute to generating literature and fostering reflection on this topic.

Methods
Given that this is the first work in the literature on the bioethical perspective of this procedure and, therefore, the absence of specific previous studies, it was decided to carry out a critical and interpretative revision of the existing literature on general aesthetics, which, although not specifically focused on penile enhancement, can be correlated with it in some aspects. The methodology included review of medical and bioethical literature.

Results
The results show that various factors can influence the medical decision, such as: patient demand, competition between professionals, social and cultural expectations, economic pressures, lack of ethical knowledge, and hyperspecialization.

Conclusions
The conclusion highlights that, although potential benefits may exist, it is crucial that physicians carefully evaluate the patients’ motivations, risks and benefits, following rigorous ethical principles. Clear guidelines and more research on the bioethical aspects are needed to guide medical practice responsibly in this type of intervention.

Disclosure
No.
(300) SEXUAL AND ERECTILE FUNCTION POST TRANS PERINEAL BIOPSY OF PROSTATE. A SINGLE CENTRE RETROSPECTIVE STUDY
Authors: Lia D , Bai M , Marshall D 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Trans-perineal (TP) biopsy of prostate is a procedure done to biopsy male patients who have either a raised prostatic sensitive antigen (PSA) or abnormal MRI prostate. The goal of procedure is to diagnose prostate cancer. This approach has recently become the most preferred option for getting tissue biopsy over transrectal Ultrasound biopsy of prostate (TRUS). Since 2020 our institute have been performing TP biopsies under local anaesthetic in clinic as we believe it is well tolerated and it reduces the burden on theatre resources. We do know that one of the risks of performing TP biopsy is transient erectile dysfunction (less than 5% men) post biopsy.

Objective
Our aim was to assess whether doing TP biopsies had an effect on sexual and erectile function at 1 month and 6 months after biopsy.

Methods
We only included men who are sexually active. During the 6 month period October 2020 – June 2021 we identified 76 patients eligible for study. Out of 76 patients 36 had agreed to participate in the study. 5 patients were excluded because they declined to participate beyond 1 month after biopsy or who proceeded to go for surgery/hormonal therapy/radiation therapy. 31 patients completed study and analysed. These 31 patients were given erectile function questionnaires – international index of erectile function (IIEF-5) at prebiopsy/one month/6 months and scores were compared to see if there was any difference in sexual function.

Results
Results show that out of 31 participants, 4 patients exhibited impaired sexual function at 1 month period. Out of those 4, 2 of the patients still exhibited impaired sexual function at 6 month period. Interestingly 1 patient who had no change in sexual function at the 1 month mark exhibited impaired sexual function at the 6 month mark.

Conclusions
Our study shows that although a small proportion of patients exhibit transient sexual function at 1 month, the procedure is a relatively safe method in diagnosing prostate cancer. A re-audit in the future would be ideal to see if our rates remain the same or not.

Disclosure
No.
(305) HEALTH CARE FOR WOMEN WHO HAVE SEX WITH WOMEN - WHAT TO IMPROVE?
Authors: Arantes R , Da Costa ML 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Women who have sex with women (WSW) represent a group of lesbian, bisexual and some who identify as heterossexual. In the primary health care, the WSW are invisible. They have low addherence to health care and are more susceptible to unfavorable outcomes. Studies demonstrate that lesbian/bisexual women have higher risk of cervical cancer, higher prevalence of substance abuse, have more diagnoses of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), mental ilnesses, multiple partners and undesirable pregnancies. A qualified listening/guidelines for the health specifities of these patients would reduce these problems.

Objective
Discuss the care and guidance of health professionals for WSW. Identify problems related to sex education and approaches of these professionals and present improvements in healthcare.

Methods
Sistematic review of articles including terms such as: WSW, gynecological care and mental care in PUBMED and Google scholar. Selected articles from 2015 until 2024 and that approach these three terms.

Results
Many WSW believe they have low risk of acquiring STIs, but researches suggest risk behaviors in partnerships and that female–female sexual contact can transmit STIs. WSW also go less to gynecologists and perform fewer preventive tests. In addition, they receive less guidance on prevention of STIs and are rarely asked about sexual orientation (SO) and when this occurs, they experience discriminatory situations and inadequate tests. Heteronormativity can be a barrier to health services. Professionals unprepared to know the specific demands provide events of lesbophobia and biphobia, accentuating the vulnerability imposed on them. The Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) suggests direct questions without heteronormative assumptions - the 5 “P”s - to access sexual history: Partners, Practices, Protection for STIs and Pregnancy Prevention. It is the responsibility of health professionals to provide an inclusive environment, facilitating communication strategies. Recognizing the identity of a non-judgmental sexual minority can be therapeutic in itself, as it mitigates any anxiety due to alleged discrimination to be suffered, increases security and reaffirms that the professional is able to recommend centered health care, increasing the confidence and plausability of the patient to following the recommendations.

Conclusions
Professionals should be trained to feel comfortable discussing these topics and create a warm and safe environment. Studies with WSW are necessary to analyze the contingencies of health quality, sexual variability, use of narcotics and structural factors of inequalities, providing the facilitation of conversation about SO and expanding health care. Researchers, healthcare providers and governments must work together to meet the needs of this population’s care.

Disclosure
No.
(313) CHARACTERIZATION OF PELVIC FLOOR MUSCLE PERFORMANCE IN MEN WITH ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: Lemos C , Noffs S , Santos L , Ribeiro JV , Zambrana D , Nardozza Jr. A , Vasco M 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Weakness or impaired function of the pelvic floor muscles may be associated with erectile dysfunction. The muscles of the superficial layer of the perineum play a fundamental role in erection by compressing the emissary veins through the ischiocavernosus muscle, thus increasing penile rigidity. Although pelvic floor muscle training shows promise in the treatment of erectile dysfunction, little is known about the pelvic floor muscle performance in men with this condition.

Objective
To evaluate and characterize the performance of the pelvic floor muscles in men with erectile dysfunction.

Methods
This was a cross-sectional study carried out in a single public service center. A physical examination was carried out on men with a clinical diagnosis of erectile dysfunction. During the examination, age, weight, height, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference and pelvic floor performance were measured. The examiner graded the performance (P) of the contraction using the modified Oxford scale (0-5), by assessing the strength of the maximum voluntary contraction using one finger. All statistical and graphical analyses were carried out using RStudio.

Results
A total of 53 men underwent a physical examination. The clinical data for the sample revealed an average age of 59.36 years, an average BMI of 28.75, an average waist circumference of 102.1, and a median performance score of 3.0 with a mean of 3.2. In Table 1, the mean and standard deviation (SD) of age, BMI, and waist circumference were shown for each performance level group. Fig. 1 displays the sample distribution for age, BMI, waist circumference, and performance. A Spearman’s rank test for correlation demonstrated the following associations: Age and Performance (rho = −0.02, p = 0.847), BMI and Performance (rho = −0.06, p = 0.626), and waist circumference and Performance (rho = 0.04, p = 0.771).

Conclusions
In this pilot study, our findings suggest that men with erectile dysfunction exhibit moderate contraction (Grade 3) to pelvic floor muscle.

Disclosure
No.
Derham on the Law of Set Off
Authors: Derham Rory 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This volume has established itself as a leading authority in this developing area of law. Written thirteen years after the last edition, this new edition brings the book fully up to date considering the enactment of the Insolvency (England and Wales) Rules 2016, and continued developments in the case law. As in the previous editions, the book considers the principles of set-off from both an English and an Australian perspective. There have been some significant decisions by the Supreme Court, including Re Kaupthing Singer [2012] in relation to the rule in Cherry v Boultbee, Belmont Park Investments v BNY Corporate Trustee Services [2012] 1 AC 383 regarding fraud on the insolvency law, and Re Nortel GmbH [2014] AC 209 in relation to contingent statutory debts. In the Court of Appeal, Geldof Metaalconstructie v Simon Carves [2010] 4 All ER 847 was a significant decision in relation to equitable set-off. The book provides an authoritative commentary on the principles governing the law of set-off and is an essential guide for banking, finance, and insolvency lawyers worldwide.
Substantive Equitable Set-Off
Authors: Derham Rory 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This chapter focuses on a substantive equitable set-off which is not confined to mutual debts. It explains that the form attracted considerable attention in recent years, and acknowledges that it is the most elusive and the most important among the various forms of equitable set-offs. The substantive nature of equitable set-off arises in correlation to the case of closely connected cross-claims operating as a true defence. The chapter then examines the traditional and new approaches to substantive equitable set-offs and the claims for equitable set-offs linked to debts or damages. It also looks into the application of equitable set-off in Australia
Claims Susceptible to Insolvency Set-Off
Authors: Derham Rory 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This chapter discusses the claims susceptible to insolvency set-off and its respective application. It explains that the insolvency set-off provision requires that a creditor proving or claiming to prove a debt in the insolvency. In insolvent corporate groups, members of a group of companies provide guarantees supported by securities over the companies’ assets to a major credit to secure indebtedness. The chapter then looks into various categories of claims, such as presently existing debts and contingent debt owing to and by the insolvent. It also expounds on the contributory rule in accordance with section 79 of the Insolvency Act 1986.
Trust Funds
Authors: Derham Rory 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This chapter introduces the notion of trust funds. It primarily focuses on the obligation of a person who holds a fund impressed with a trust to account for the trust fund and may be the subject of a set-off against a debt owing to that person in his or her personal capacity. The general principle of insolvency set-off revolves around a beneficiary having a proprietary interest in the trust assets, that may destroy mutuality for a set-off. The chapter also considers the principles of set-off under the Statutes of Set-off wherein there is a lack of mutuality. It looks into the different considerations that apply in the case of equitable set-off.
Mutuality: Same Parties
Authors: Derham Rory 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This chapter examines the notion of same parties under mutuality. It explains that, in joint claims and liabilities, the requirement of same parties often arises in the context of joint debts and demands. The courts have been reluctant to depart from the principle that a joint demand and a separate demand may not be brought into account. However, there are several instances wherein a set-off has been allowed despite an apparent absence of strict mutuality. The chapter then cites that section 9 of the Partnership Act 1890 indicated what happens to the liability of a deceased partner to debts and assets.
On the implementation of Latin part-of-speech taggers in intertextuality analysis: TreeTagger, CLTK, Cracovia system, LatinCy, and ChatGPT compared
Authors: Wittweiler Michael , Schropp Franziska , Konrad Thomas E , Revellio Marie , Feichtinger Barbara 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Digital-assisted intertextuality analysis often yields large amounts of results, many of which are irrelevant to researchers from a hermeneutic point of view. One strategy for minimizing these hermeneutically non meaningful findings is to apply a filter that sorts the results based on specified parts-of-speech. Building on Mare Revellio’s historical text-reuse grammar (HTRG) we demonstrate that an implementation of such a filter accommodating the hermeneutical context proves to be advantageous. We assessed the performance of various Latin part-of-speech (POS) taggers to refine our filtering process, using evaluation data on text congruencies from the Latin authors Virgil and Jerome. Among the Classical Language Toolkit, the TreeTagger, the Cracovia system, LatinCy, and ChatGPT, the Cracovia system surpassed the other taggers by approximately 2 percentage points in accuracy. While this tagger leverages transformer-based machine learning algorithms, the older, probabilistic-based TreeTagger demonstrated competitive performance. Although GPT-4 showed remarkable results, it still lags behind the state-of-the-art taggers for Latin. In order to build a powerful digital citation detection tool for intertextual relationships in ancient texts, the most accurate analysis of POS is crucial in filtering and evaluating valid citations.
From Spores to Suffering: Understanding the Role of Anthrax in Bioterrorism
Authors: Kanwar Ratnesh Singh , Gambhir Kirtida , Aggarwal Tanishka , Godiwal Akash , Bhadra Kuntal 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Anthrax, caused by the bacterium Bacillus anthracis, stands as a formidable threat with both natural and bioterrorism-related implications. Its ability to afflict a wide range of hosts, including humans and animals, coupled with its potential use as a bioweapon, underscores the critical importance of understanding and advancing our capabilities to combat this infectious disease. In this context, exploring futuristic approaches becomes imperative, as they hold the promise of not only addressing current challenges but also ushering in a new era in anthrax management. This review delves into strategies to mitigate the impact of anthrax on global health and security, envisioning a future where our arsenal against anthrax is characterized by precision and adaptability.

Materials and methods
This article highlights the significant potential of anthrax as a bioweapon, while also highlighting current knowledge and strategies developed against this deadly pathogen. We have performed an extensive research and literature review in concordance with the criteria outlined by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. A search strategy was conducted by using numerous keywords on various academic databases, yielding an initial set of 546 records along with 80 supplementary articles. The search included research papers, review papers, perspectives, clinical guidelines, and scientific blogs. The primary and secondary screening of the articles were conducted by 2 independent reviewers along with a third reviewer mitigating any discrepancies and biases encountered during the process. A set of inclusion and exclusion criteria were formulated, and a PICO framework was adapted based on which multiple records were analyzed and considered for the review.

Results
In total, 53 articles were selected after completing a comprehensive systematic literature review. This review proposes novel approaches and scientific analysis of the complexities surrounding anthrax in the context of bioterrorism, highlighting the emerging technologies and strategies employed for bioterrorism mitigation.

Conclusions
The upcoming advancements in anthrax research will be based on cutting-edge technologies and innovative approaches that demonstrate great potential for prevention, detection, and treatment. These advancements may include the incorporation of synthetic biology techniques such as precise manipulation of biological components, nanoscale diagnostics, and Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-based technologies, which could revolutionize our ability to combat anthrax on a molecular level. As these progressive methodologies continue to evolve, the integration of these technologies has the potential to redefine our strategies against anthrax, providing more accurate, personalized, and adaptable approaches to address the challenges posed by this infectious threat.
Glucocorticoid sparing effect on adalimumab for refractory pyoderma gangrenosum in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: A case series
Authors: Ohmura Shin-ichiro , Morishita Naomi , Yonezawa Haruka , Yukishima Toshitaka , Ohkubo Yusuke 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a rare chronic skin disease characterized by painful skin ulcers. There are no treatment guidelines for PG; however, systemic treatment is often administered. Recently, adalimumab (ADA), a fully human monoclonal antibody against tumour necrosis factor, was approved for the treatment of refractory PG in Japan. However, data are limited, and it is not clear whether ADA has the same effect on the treatment of PG in patients with systemic rheumatic disease (SRD), including rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In addition, the glucocorticoid-sparing effect of ADA in SRD patients with PG has not yet been clarified. Herein, we present two successful cases of RA with glucocorticoid-refractory PG on ADA treatment. Our report suggests that ADA may have a glucocorticoid-sparing effect on refractory PG in patients with RA.
An autopsy of a patient with polyarteritis nodosa who developed fatal intestinal perforation accompanied by systemic multiple aneurysms and arterial thrombosis
Authors: Tsugita Nao , Miyagawa Ippei , Ueno Masanobu , Takahashi Miyabi , Kosaka Shumpei , Nakayamada Shingo , Tanaka Yoshiya 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
The patient was a 48-year-old man who had developed acute myocardial infarction 3 years earlier. He started experiencing recurrent attacks of abdominal pain 2 years earlier. One month before the presentation, he developed perforative peritonitis, which was treated with right hemicolectomy. Preoperative computed tomography revealed systemic thrombotic aneurysms and fibrinoid necrotising vasculitis was detected in the vessels of the serosa of the resected intestinal specimen. These findings led to a diagnosis of polyarteritis nodosa. Despite the start of remission induction therapy with high-dose glucocorticoid and intermittent intravenous cyclophosphamide, the effect of immunosuppressive therapy was limited. Approximately 1 month after treatment initiation, he died from small intestinal perforation. Polyarteritis nodosa often exhibits nonspecific clinical symptoms, which make an early diagnosis difficult in some cases. Although the prognosis depends on the presence of ischaemic lesions due to a ruptured aneurysm or intra-aneurysmal thrombi, it is not rare for the diagnosis to be made following acute myocardial infarction or acute abdominal pain. In young patients with iscahemic organ dysfunction without any arteriosclerotic lesions at low risk of developing cardiovascular events, early diagnosis can be made by performing a whole-body examination with a differential diagnosis of polyarteritis nodosa.