bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Volumetric‐based image guidance is superior to marker‐based alignments for stereotactic body radiotherapy of prostate cancer
Authors: Li Wen , Lu Lan , Stephans Kevin L , Sharma Naveen , Vassil Andrew , Shen Zhilei Liu , Stockham Abigail , Djemil Toufik , Tendulkar Rahul D , Xia Ping 
Published: February 2018

AbstractPurposesThe aim of this study was to evaluate a dual marker‐based and soft‐tissue based image guidance for inter‐fractional corrections in stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) of prostate cancer.Methods/MaterialsWe reviewed 18 patients treated with SBRT for prostate cancer. An endorectal balloon was inserted at simulation and each treatment. Planning margins were 3 mm/0 mm posteriorly. Prior to each treatment, a dual image guidance protocol was applied to align three makers using stereoscopic x ray images and then to the soft tissue using kilo‐voltage cone beam CT (kV‐CBCT). After treatment, prostate (CTV), rectal wall, and bladder were delineated on each kV‐CBCT, and delivered dose was recalculated. Dosimetric endpoints were analyzed, including V36.25 Gy for prostate, and D0.03 cc for bladder and rectal wall.ResultsFollowing initial marker alignment, additional translational shifts were applied to 22 of 84 fractions after kV‐CBCT. Among the 22 fractions, ten fractions exceeded 3 mm shifts in any direction, including one in the left‐right direction, four in the superior‐inferior direction, and five in the anterior‐posterior direction. With and without the additional kV‐CBCT shifts, the average V36.25 Gy of the prostate for the 22 fractions was 97.6 ± 2.6% with the kV x ray image alone, and was 98.1 ± 2.4% after applying the additional kV‐CBCT shifts. The improvement was borderline statistical significance using Wilcoxon signed‐rank test (P = 0.007). D0.03 cc was 45.8 ± 6.3 Gy vs. 45.1 ± 4.9 Gy for the rectal wall; and 49.5 ± 8.6 Gy vs. 49.3 ± 7.9 Gy for the bladder before and after applying kV‐CBCT shifts.ConclusionsMarker‐based alignment alone is not sufficient. Additional adjustments are needed for some patients based kV‐CBCT.
Fast, Self‐Driven, Air‐Stable, and Broadband Photodetector Based on Vertically Aligned PtSe2/GaAs Heterojunction
Authors: Zeng Long‐Hui , Lin Sheng‐Huang , Li Zhong‐Jun , Zhang Zhi‐Xiang , Zhang Teng‐Fei , Xie Chao , Mak Chun‐Hin , Chai Yang , Lau Shu Ping , Luo Lin‐Bao , Tsang Yuen Hong 
Published: February 2018

AbstractGroup‐10 layered transitional metal dichalcogenides including PtS2, PtSe2, and PtTe2 are excellent potential candidates for optoelectronic devices due to their unique properties such as high carrier mobility, tunable bandgap, stability, and flexibility. Large‐area platinum diselenide (PtSe2) with semiconducting characteristics is far scarcely investigated. Here, the development of a high‐performance photodetector based on vertically aligned PtSe2‐GaAs heterojunction which exhibits a broadband sensitivity from deep ultraviolet to near‐infrared light, with peak sensitivity from 650 to 810 nm, is reported. The Ilight/Idark ratio and responsivity of photodetector are 3 × 104 and 262 mA W−1 measured at 808 nm under zero bias voltage. The response speed of τr/τf is 5.5/6.5 µs, which represents the best result achieved for Group‐10 TMDs based optoelectronic device thus far. According to first‐principle density functional theory, the broad photoresponse ranging from visible to near‐infrared region is associated with the semiconducting characteristics of PtSe2 which has interstitial Se atoms within the PtSe2 layers. It is also revealed that the PtSe2/GaAs photodetector does not exhibit performance degradation after six weeks in air. The generality of the above good results suggests that the vertically aligned PtSe2 is an ideal material for high‐performance optoelectronic systems in the future.
Highly In‐Plane Optical and Electrical Anisotropy of 2D Germanium Arsenide
Authors: Yang Shengxue , Yang Yanhan , Wu Minghui , Hu Chunguang , Shen Wanfu , Gong Yongji , Huang Li , Jiang Chengbao , Zhang Yongzhe , Ajayan Pulickel M. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAnisotropic 2D materials exhibit unique optical, electrical, and thermoelectric properties that open up possibilities for diverse angle‐dependent devices. However, the explored anisotropic 2D materials are very limited and the methods to identify the crystal orientations and to study the in‐plane anisotropy are in the initial stage. Here azimuth‐dependent reflectance difference microscopy (ADRDM), angle‐resolved Raman spectra, and electrical transport measurements are used to systematically characterize the influence of the anisotropic structure on in‐plane optical and electrical anisotropy of 2D GeAs, a novel group IV–V semiconductor. It is proved that ADRDM offers a way to quickly identify the crystal orientations and also to directly characterize the in‐plane optical anisotropy of layered GeAs. The anisotropic electrical transport behavior of few‐layer GeAs field‐effect transistors is further measured and the anisotropic ratio of the mobility is as high as 4.6, which is higher than the other 2D anisotropic materials such as black phosphorus. The dependence of the Raman intensity anisotropy on the sample thickness, excitation wavelength, and polarization configuration is investigated both experimentally and theoretically. These data will be useful for designing new high‐performance devices and the results suggest a general methodology for characterizing the in‐plane anisotropy of low‐symmetry 2D materials.
A General Metal‐Organic Framework (MOF)‐Derived Selenidation Strategy for In Situ Carbon‐Encapsulated Metal Selenides as High‐Rate Anodes for Na‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Xu Xijun , Liu Jun , Liu Jiangwen , Ouyang Liuzhang , Hu Renzong , Wang Hui , Yang Lichun , Zhu Min 
Published: February 2018

AbstractOn account of increasing demand for energy storage devices, sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) with abundant reserve, low cost, and similar electrochemical properties have the potential to partly replace the commercial lithium‐ion batteries. In this study, a facile metal‐organic framework (MOF)‐derived selenidation strategy to synthesize in situ carbon‐encapsulated selenides as superior anode for SIBs is rationally designed. These selenides with particular micro‐ and nanostructured features deliver ultrastable cycling performance at high charge–discharge rate and demonstrate ultraexcellent rate capability. For example, the uniform peapod‐like Fe7Se8@C nanorods represent a high specific capacity of 218 mAh g−1 after 500 cycles at 3 A g−1 and the porous NiSe@C spheres display a high specific capacity of 160 mAh g−1 after 2000 cycles at 3 A g−1. The current simple MOF‐derived method could be a promising strategy for boosting the development of new functional inorganic materials for energy storage, catalysis, and sensors.
Tropoelastin Implants That Accelerate Wound Repair
Authors: Mithieux Suzanne M. , Aghaei‐Ghareh‐Bolagh Behnaz , Yan Leping , Kuppan Kekini V. , Wang Yiwei , Garces‐Suarez Francia , Li Zhe , Maitz Peter K. , Carter Elizabeth A. , Limantoro Christina , Chrzanowski Wojciech , Cookson David , Riboldi‐Tunnicliffe Alan , Baldock Clair , Ohgo Kosuke , Kumashiro Kristin K. , Edwards Glenn , Weiss Anthony S. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractA novel, pure, synthetic material is presented that promotes the repair of full‐thickness skin wounds. The active component is tropoelastin and leverages its ability to promote new blood vessel formation and its cell recruiting properties to accelerate wound repair. Key to the technology is the use of a novel heat‐based, stabilized form of human tropoelastin which allows for tunable resorption. This implantable material contributes a tailored insert that can be shaped to the wound bed, where it hydrates to form a conformable protein hydrogel. Significant benefits in the extent of wound healing, dermal repair, and regeneration of mature epithelium in healthy pigs are demonstrated. The implant is compatible with initial co‐treatment with full‐ and split‐thickness skin grafts. The implant's superiority to sterile bandaging, commercial hydrogel and dermal regeneration template products is shown. On this basis, a new concept for a prefabricated tissue repair material for point‐of‐care treatment of open wounds is provided.
In Situ Repair of 2D Chalcogenides under Electron Beam Irradiation
Authors: Shen Yuting , Xu Tao , Tan Xiaodong , He Longbing , Yin Kuibo , Wan Neng , Sun Litao 
Published: February 2018

AbstractMolybdenum disulfide (MoS2) and bismuth telluride (Bi2Te3) are the two most common types of structures adopted by 2D chalcogenides. In view of their unique physical properties and structure, 2D chalcogenides have potential applications in various fields. However, the excellent properties of these 2D crystals depend critically on their crystal structures, where defects, cracks, holes, or even greater damage can be inevitably introduced during the preparation and transferring processes. Such defects adversely impact the performance of devices made from 2D chalcogenides and, hence, it is important to develop ways to intuitively and precisely repair these 2D crystals on the atomic scale, so as to realize high‐reliability devices from these structures. Here, an in situ study of the repair of the nanopores in MoS2 and Bi2Te3 is carried out under electron beam irradiation by transmission electron microscopy. The experimental conditions allow visualization of the structural dynamics of MoS2 and Bi2Te3 crystals with unprecedented resolution. Real‐time observation of the healing of defects at atomic resolution can potentially help to reproducibly fabricate and simultaneously image single‐crystalline free‐standing 2D chalcogenides. Thus, these findings demonstrate the viability of using an electron beam as an effective tool to precisely engineer materials to suit desired applications in the future.
Deterministic and Etching‐Free Transfer of Large‐Scale 2D Layered Materials for Constructing Interlayer Coupled van der Waals Heterostructures
Authors: Tao Li , Li Hao , Gao Yun , Chen Zefeng , Wang Lei , Deng Ya , Zhang Jian , Xu Jian‐Bin 
Published: February 2018

AbstractTransfer of large‐scale 2D atomic layers onto desired targets is crucial for the integration toward practical applications. Conventional wet etching transfer of 2D materials grown on insulating substrates suffers from the degraded film quality caused by the prolonged exposure of harsh chemicals. Also, both the detaching from initial substrate and the attaching to target processes are not spatially deterministic. Herein, by adopting the water‐soluble polyvinyl alcohol as a viscoelastic mediator and polymethyl‐methacrylate as a protecting layer, a green and robust transfer technique is developed for various grown 2D materials. This method is of high degree of freedom, which can realize both selective peel‐off and aligned release. The transferred materials maintain their pristine qualities, as probed by various spectroscopic/microscopic characterizations. This technique promises a universal applicability for a diverse range of 2D materials and growth/target substrates, facilitating facile fabrication of 2D electronic devices with improved performance. Furthermore, by performing restacking steps, van der Waals heterostructures can be built. As a proof of concept, the artificial assembly of monolayer MoS2/WSe2 heterostructure is fabricated, and the strong interlayer coupling from photoluminescence quenching and emerging Raman modes at the junction areas is found, indicating that the method guarantees the ideal interfaces between the transferred materials.
Postsynthesis Potassium‐Modification Method to Improve Stability of CsPbBr3 Perovskite Nanocrystals
Authors: Huang Shouqiang , Wang Bo , Zhang Qi , Li Zhichun , Shan Aidang , Li Liang 
Published: February 2018

AbstractIn this communication, a simple postmodification method to improve the optical properties and stability of CsPbBr3 perovskite nanocrystals (CPB‐NCs) is reported. By strictly controlling the adding dose of K‐oleate (molar ratio of K/Cs = 1.5/1) into the parent CPB‐NC solution, it is possible to synthesize monodispersed K‐modified CPB‐NCs (K‐CPB‐NCs) with drastically enhanced photo‐ and thermostabilities as well as photoluminescence quantum yields, which are increased to 83% from 65%. Photostability tests show that the parent CPB‐NC film drops to 50% of its original PL intensity after 45 h of illumination, but the K‐CPB‐NC film can maintain 100% of PL even after 153 h. Through the morphology, structure, and composition evolution of K‐CPB‐NCs, these benefits were attributed to the modification of K+ ions, which possibly induces a strong K‐related protective passivation layer on the surface of K‐CPB‐NCs and simultaneously drastically decreases their surface defects.
Manganese(III)‐Mediated and ‐Catalyzed Decarboxylative Hydroxysulfonylation of Arylpropiolic Acids with Sodium Sulfinates in Water
Authors: Xiong Yan‐Shi , Weng Jiang , Lu Gui 
Published: February 2018

AbstractWith water as both solvent and reactant, a novel manganese(III)‐mediated and ‐catalyzed synthesis of β‐ketosulfones through decarboxylative hydroxysulfonylation reactions of arylpropiolic acids with sodium sulfinates is described. This protocol has the advantages of mild reaction conditions, short reaction time, easy to handle reagents, purification simplicity, and being environmentally benign, which demonstrate the practical utility of this methodology.magnified image
Use of Opadry®CA—A cellulose acetate/polyethylene glycol system for rate‐controlled osmotic drug delivery of highly soluble antispastic agent Eperisone HCl
Authors: Ahmed Kamran , Shoaib Muhammad Harris , Yousuf Rabia Ismail , Qazi Faaiza , Anwer Sohail , Nasiri Muhammad Iqbal , Mahmood Zafar Alam 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe study was aimed to prolong the antispastic effect of a highly soluble drug Eperisone HCl by osmotic drug delivery technology. Oral osmotically controlled release formulations of Eperisone HCl were designed and optimized to acquire desired zero‐order release kinetics. Drug cores were prepared by direct compression followed with a semipermeable coating of Opadry® CA. Delivering orifice of variable size was created on Opadry® CA film using different size bits ranging from 0.2 to 0.8 mm, fitted into Proxxon MF70 microdrill. Drug release was determined initially at pH 1.2 for 2 hr then at pH 6.8 up to 24 hr in USP dissolution apparatus‐II. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was conducted, and no interaction was found. Eperisone HCl release in the presence of osmagent showed inverse relationship. Drug release was independent of pore size at 5%–10% osmagent concentration, although this behavior was reversed with the increased osmagent amount (15%). The release was unaffected by dissolution medium pH and agitation rate but significantly altered by changing osmolality of dissolution medium. Release kinetic was shifted from first‐order to zero‐order with the increased osmagent amount. SEM indicated the formation of pores on the surface of Opadry® CA after dissolution. Formulation of controlled release osmotic pumps of Eperisone HCl using Opadry® CA can be used to establish a system for extended release of highly soluble drugs.
Mesoporous Hybrid Electrolyte for Simultaneously Inhibiting Lithium Dendrites and Polysulfide Shuttle in Li–S Batteries
Authors: Zhang Nan , Li Bin , Li Songmei , Yang Shubin 
Published: February 2018

AbstractA bifunctional hybrid electrolyte composed of mesoporous silica nanosheets and liquid electrolyte is achieved for lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries. This hybrid electrolyte possesses abundant mesopores (2.8 nm), thin feature (20 µm), and high ionic conductivity (1.17 × 10−1 mS cm−1) as well as a low interfacial resistance with electrodes. Such unique features not only enable the efficient inhibition of the growth of lithium dendrites, but also significantly prevents polysulfide shuttling. Consequently, a Li–S battery with this hybrid electrolyte exhibits a relatively high reversible capacity and good capacity retention.
Predicting recovery in acute poststroke aphasia
Authors: Hillis Argye E. , Beh Yuan Ye , Sebastian Rajani , Breining Bonnie , Tippett Donna C. , Wright Amy , Saxena Sadhvi , Rorden Chris , Bonilha Leonardo , Basilakos Alexandra , Yourganov Grigori , Fridriksson Julius 
Published: February 2018

ObjectiveMany stroke patients show remarkable recovery of language after initial severe impairment, but it is difficult to predict which patients will show good recovery. We aimed to identify patient and lesion characteristics that together predict the best naming outcome in 4 studies.MethodsWe report 2 longitudinal studies that identified 2 variables at onset that were strongly associated with good recovery of naming (the most common residual deficit in aphasia) in the first 6 months after stroke: damage to left posterior superior temporal gyrus (pSTG) and/or superior longitudinal fasciculus/arcuate fasciculus (SLF/AF), and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) use. We then tested these variables in 2 independent cohorts of chronic left hemisphere stroke patients, using chi‐square tests and multivariate logistic regression for dichotomous outcomes and t tests for continuous outcomes.ResultsLesion load in left pSTG and SLF/AF was associated with poorer naming outcome. Preservation of these areas and use of SSRIs were associated with naming recovery, independent of lesion volume, time since stroke, and depression. Patients with damage to these critical areas showed better naming outcome if they took SSRIs for 3 months after stroke. Those with preservation of these critical areas achieved good recovery of naming regardless of SSRI use.InterpretationLesion load in left pSTG and SLF/AF at onset predicts later naming performance. Although based on a small number of patients, our preliminary results suggest outcome might be modulated by SSRIs, but these associations need to be confirmed in a larger randomized controlled trial. Ann Neurol 2018;83:612–622
Enhanced Photodynamic Therapy by Reduced Levels of Intracellular Glutathione Obtained By Employing a Nano‐MOF with CuII as the Active Center
Authors: Zhang Wei , Lu Jun , Gao Xiaonan , Li Ping , Zhang Wen , Ma Yu , Wang Hui , Tang Bo 
Published: February 2018

AbstractIn photodynamic therapy (PDT), the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced in the cell directly determines the therapeutic effect. Improvement in ROS concentration can be realized by reducing the glutathione (GSH) level or increasing the amount of photosensitizer. However, excessive amounts photosensitizer may cause side effects. Therefore, the development of photosensitizers that reduce GSH levels through synergistically improving ROS concentration in order to strengthen the efficacy of PDT for tumor is important. We report a nano‐metal–organic framework (CuII‐metalated nano‐MOF {CuL‐[AlOH]2}n (MOF‐2, H6L=mesotetrakis(4‐carboxylphenyl)porphyrin)) based on CuII as the active center for PDT. This MOF‐2 is readily taken up by breast cancer cells, and high levels of ROS are generated under light irradiation. Meanwhile, intracellular GSH is considerably decreased owing to absorption on MOF‐2; this synergistically increases ROS concentration and accelerates apoptosis, thereby enhancing the effect of PDT. Notably, based on the direct adsorption of GSH, MOF‐2 showed a comparable effect with the commercial antitumor drug camptothecin in a mouse breast cancer model. This work provides strong evidence for MOF‐2 as a promising new PDT candidate and anticancer drug.
Nucleopeptide Assemblies Selectively Sequester ATP in Cancer Cells to Increase the Efficacy of Doxorubicin
Authors: Wang Huaimin , Feng Zhaoqianqi , Qin Yanan , Wang Jiaqing , Xu Bing 
Published: February 2018

AbstractHerein, we report that assemblies of nucleopeptides selectively sequester ATP in complex conditions (for example, serum and cytosol). We developed assemblies of nucleopeptides that selectively sequester ATP over ADP. Counteracting enzymes interconvert ATP and ADP to modulate the nanostructures formed by the nucleopeptides and the nucleotides. The nucleopeptides, sequestering ATP effectively in cells, slow down efflux pumps in multidrug‐resistant cancer cells, thus boosting the efficacy of doxorubicin, an anticancer drug. Investigation of 11 nucleopeptides (including d‐ and l‐enantiomers) yields five more nucleopeptides that differentiate ATP and ADP through either precipitation or gelation. As the first example of assemblies of nucleopeptides that interact with ATP and disrupt intracellular ATP dynamics, this work illustrates the use of supramolecular assemblies to interact with small and essential biological molecules for controlling cell behavior.
N‐funktionalisierte Ferrocene. Niedervalente Elementchloride der XIV. Gruppe und eine durch tert‐Butyllithium induzierte C‐C‐Bindungsspaltung unter milden Bedingungen
Authors: Nayyar Bastian , Alnasr Hazem , Hiller Wolf , Jurkschat Klaus 
Published: February 2018

AbstractDie Ferrocen‐Derivate (η5‐Cp)Fe{η5‐C5H3‐1‐(ArNCH)‐2‐(CH2NMe2)} (1, Ar=2,6‐iPr2C6H3)) reagieren diastereoselektiv mit LiR unter Carbolithiierung und nachfolgender Hydrolyse zu Ferrocenylaminen des Typs (η5‐Cp)Fe{η5‐C5H3‐1‐(ArHNCHR)‐2‐(CH2NMe2)} (3, R=tBu; 4, R=Ph; 5, R=Me) in hohen Ausbeuten. Im Falle von R=tBu wurde die Organolithiumverbindung (η5‐Cp)Fe{η5‐C5H3‐1‐(ArLiNCHR)‐2‐(CH2NMe2)} (2) isoliert. Verbindung 2 reagiert mit GeCl2⋅Dioxan und SnCl2 unter Bildung der Metallylenamidchloride (η5‐Cp)Fe{η5‐C5H3‐1‐(ArMNCHtBu)‐2‐(CH2NMe2)} (6, M=GeCl; 7, M=SnCl), die jeweils drei stereogene Zentren enthalten. Das Potential von 7 als Ligand in der Übergangsmetallchemie wird anhand der Isolierung des entsprechenden Komplexes (η5‐Cp)Fe{η5‐C5H3‐1‐(ArMNCHtBu)‐2‐(CH2NMe2)} [9, M=Sn(Cl)W(CO)5] demonstriert. Die Reaktion von tert‐Butyllithium mit 3 bei Raumtemperatur führt zur Spaltung einer Kohlenstoff‐Kohlenstoff‐Bindung. Unter kinetischer Kontrolle erfolgt dagegen die Lithiierung der Cp‐3 Position und nach Zugabe von SiMe3Cl wird (η5‐Cp)Fe{η5‐C5H3‐1‐(ArHNCHtBu)‐2‐(CH2NMe2)‐3‐SiMe3} (10) isoliert.
Selective C(sp3)−H Aerobic Oxidation Enabled by Decatungstate Photocatalysis in Flow
Authors: Laudadio Gabriele , Govaerts Sebastian , Wang Ying , Ravelli Davide , Koolman Hannes F. , Fagnoni Maurizio , Djuric Stevan W. , Noël Timothy 
Published: February 2018

AbstractA mild and selective C(sp3)−H aerobic oxidation enabled by decatungstate photocatalysis has been developed. The reaction can be significantly improved in a microflow reactor enabling the safe use of oxygen and enhanced irradiation of the reaction mixture. Our method allows for the oxidation of both activated and unactivated C−H bonds (30 examples). The ability to selectively oxidize natural scaffolds, such as (−)‐ambroxide, pregnenolone acetate, (+)‐sclareolide, and artemisinin, exemplifies the utility of this new method.
N‐Functionalized Ferrocenes: Subvalent Group XIV Element Chlorides and tert‐Butyllithium‐Induced C−C Bond Cleavage under Mild Conditions
Authors: Nayyar Bastian , Alnasr Hazem , Hiller Wolf , Jurkschat Klaus 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe ferrocene derivative (η5‐Cp)Fe{η5‐C5H3‐1‐(ArNCH)‐2‐(CH2NMe2)} (1; Ar=2,6‐iPr2C6H3)) reacts diastereoselectively with LiR by carbolithiation and subsequent hydrolysis to give (η5‐Cp)Fe{η5‐C5H3‐1‐(ArHNCHR)‐2‐(CH2NMe2)} (3: R=tBu; 4: R=Ph; 5: R=Me) in high yields. For R=tBu, the organolithium derivative (η5‐Cp)Fe{η5‐C5H3‐1‐(ArLiNCHR)‐2‐(CH2NMe2)} (2) was isolated. Compound 2 reacts with GeCl2⋅dioxane and SnCl2 to give the metallylene amide chlorides (η5‐Cp)Fe{η5‐C5H3‐1‐(ArMNCHtBu)‐2‐(CH2NMe2)} 6 (M=GeCl) and 7 (M=SnCl), respectively, which each contain three stereogenic centers. The potential of 7 as a ligand in transition‐metal chemistry is demonstrated by formation of its complex (η5‐Cp)Fe{η5‐C5H3‐1‐(ArMNCHtBu)‐2‐(CH2NMe2)} [9, M= Sn(Cl)W(CO)5]. Treatment of 3 with tert‐butyllithium at room temperature causes an unprecedented carbon–carbon bond cleavage whereas under kinetic control, lithiation at the Cp‐3 position takes place, which leads to the isolation of (η5‐Cp)Fe{η5‐C5H3‐1‐(ArHNCHtBu)‐2‐(CH2NMe2)‐3‐SiMe3} (10).