bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Space use patterns of the burrowing echimyid rodent,Clyomys laticeps
Authors: Ferrando Claire Pauline Röpke , Lamberto Jenifer Martins , Leiner Natália Oliveira 
Published: January 2019

AbstractSpace use patterns of a population are a result of the set of movements of its individuals, which are directly influenced by their attributes and environmental conditions. Understanding space use patterns and its determinants may give us insights about a species’ ecology, social and mating systems. Although echimyid rodents display a variety of mating and social systems, movements of burrowing species are poorly studied due to their cryptic habits. Hence, in this study, we evaluated the effects of body mass, sex, and palm fruit availability on space use patterns of the burrowing echimyidClyomys laticeps, by measuring their daily home range (DHR) and intensity of habitat use. In 9 months of study in a “cerrado campo sujo” site, we tracked 14 adults with the spool‐and‐line in a backpack method. Adult males had larger DHR size than females, probably as a response to greater body mass and reproductive behavior. Furthermore, adult females had greater intensity of habitat use, presenting site fidelity, which can be due to offspring care as a response to non‐seasonal reproduction observed in our study and/or due to nest site defense strategy to avoid energetic costs associated with burrow construction. Differently from expected, food availability (i.e.,Allagoptera campestrispalm fruits) had no influence on the space use patterns ofC. laticeps. As in other herbivorous rodents, shifts in proportion of consumed food items according to their availability may explain the lack of this influence in our study. Our findings suggest that space use patterns ofC. laticepsare mainly explained by behavioral and physiological differences between sexes, including body mass and reproductive strategies. Additionally, larger male movements and female site fidelity suggest a solitary behavior and a polygynous mating system, although further studies regarding spatial organization and genetic structure are necessary to support these suggestions.
Low‐cycle fatigue life of thin‐plate auxetic cellular structures made from aluminium alloy 7075‐T651
Authors: Tomažinčič Dejan , Nečemer Branko , Vesenjak Matej , Klemenc Jernej 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIn the article, the low‐cycle fatigue life durability of thin‐plate auxetic cellular structures is compared with the thin‐plate specimens of standard shape. Both the re‐entrant auxetic cellular structures and the standard specimens were cut from a 2‐mm‐thick strip of aluminium alloy 7075‐T651. First, a fatigue life curve and a cyclic curve were determined for the standard specimens. A special antibuckling device was applied to prevent the bending of the specimens. The same experimental arrangement was then applied to determine the low‐cycle fatigue life of auxetic structures. In the continuation, the most appropriate method was selected to calculate the fatigue life on the basis of the measured fatigue life curves. Abaqus and SIMULIA fe‐safe software were applied for this purpose. The best predictions for the standard specimens were obtained with the Brown‐Miller method. Finally, the selected method was applied to predict the low‐cycle fatigue life of re‐entrant auxetic cellular specimens.
Physician's perception leading to the transfer of a dying nursing home resident to an emergency department: A French qualitative study
Authors: Kouyoumdjian Valentin , Perceau‐Chambard Elise , Sisoix Corinne , Filbet Marilène , Tricou Colombe 
Published: January 2019

AimThe aim of the present study was to find out physicians’ perceptions about the transfer of dying nursing home residents to emergency departments.MethodThis qualitative study used semi‐structured interviews, and data were analyzed using qualitative methods. Participants were medical directors of nursing homes who were informed by e‐mail and included when they agreed to take part in our study.ResultsWe interviewed 12 medical directors until data saturation. The following themes emerged: (i) related to the resident – difficulties in identifying the end of life, refractory symptoms and lack of knowledge of the resident's wishes; (ii) related to the family – denial of the end of life/fear of death, lack of confidence in the nursing home and conflict among family members; (iii) related to the nursing staff – fear of death, lack of communication, lack of training, lack of staff (especially of nurses during the nightshift) and use of temporary employees; and (iv) related to the physicians – lack of anticipation of the end of life situation, difficulty in accessing some drugs, inadequate working hours in the nursing home, conflicting medical opinions of the GP and medical director, and lack of training on palliative care issues.ConclusionsThese results suggest many ways of reducing the transfer of dying residents to emergency departments through palliative care training, and communication about advance care planning. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2019; 19: 249–253.
Risk factors for loss of skeletal muscle mass in patients with cirrhosis
Authors: Sung Ji Hyun , Uojima Haruki , Hidaka Hisashi , Tanaka Yoshiaki , Wada Naohisa , Kubota Kousuke , Nakazawa Takahide , Shibuya Akitaka , Fujikawa Tomoaki , Yamanoue Hiroki , Kako Makoto , Koizumi Wasaburo 
Published: January 2019

AimThe present study aimed to assess the correlation between loss of skeletal muscle mass (LSMM) and the clinical characteristics of patients with liver cirrhosis.MethodsThis multicenter, prospective study was undertaken at five locations in Japan and involved a 12‐month observation period. After baseline assessment, the change in the skeletal muscle index per year (ΔSMI/y) was evaluated in the enrolled patients; LSMM was defined as ΔSMI/y < 0. We evaluated the relationships between LSMM and baseline clinical characteristics in patients with liver cirrhosis.ResultsA total of 166 patients with cirrhosis were enrolled and, of these, 123 patients (74.1%) showed LSMM. Multivariate analysis confirmed that hepatic encephalopathy, Wisteria floribunda agglutinin‐positive Mac‐2 binding protein (WFA+‐M2BP) (≥1.86), age (≥60 years), and grip strength (<18 kg for women and <26 kg for men) were independent predictors of skeletal muscle decline (P = 0.042, odds ratio [OR] 8.997, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.083–74.71; P = 0.023, OR 3.970, 95% CI 1.468–6.177; P = 0.037, OR 2.526, 95% CI 1.056–6.045; and P = 0.002, OR 3.970, 95% CI 1.691–9.322, respectively).ConclusionsAdvanced age, low grip strength, hepatic encephalopathy, and high WFA+‐M2BP might be risk factors for LSMM in liver cirrhosis patients.
Sintering behavior of magnesium aluminate spinel MgAl2O4 synthesized by different methods
Authors: Mouyane Mohamed , Jaber Basamat , Bendjemil Badis , Bernard Jérôme , Houivet David , Noudem Jacques G. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis paper is focusing basically on the ceramic technology, of which several methods for the synthesis of MgAl2O4 have been investigated. The synthesis conditions regarding the powders cleanliness, microstructure, and sintering parameters of MgAl2O4 were studied. MgAl2O4 powder was synthesized via conventional solid‐state route using different milling process: vertical attrition milling, WAB as a high‐energy horizontal attrition milling, and Pulverisette as a planetary ball miller, and via solution combustion route using Urea, Glycine, and a mixture of Urea/Glycine. Urea and Glycine was used as fuel. The white powders were obtained for all solid‐state routes and for Urea‐combustion technique. The black and gray powders were obtained in the case of combustion technique, respectively, using a fuel of Glycine and Glycine/Urea mixture. The obtained powders and pellets were characterized by XRD, SEM, and Dilatometry. The results show that, among all the solid‐state route processes, wet attrition milling gives the better and clean spinel phase. The WAB milling and Pulverisette miller introduce a contamination by some yttria‐stabilized zirconia balls in the corresponding powder. Furthermore, the flash combustion technique permit to have nanoparticles with a dense spinel phase of MgAl2O4 and with lower sintering temperature in less time and with no calcination step.
Ethnic and language influence on parents’ perception of paediatric behaviour management techniques
Authors: Theriot Adrien L. , Gomez Laura , Chang Chieh‐Ting , Badger Gary R. , Herbert Amy‐Kristina , Cardenas Vasquez Juan M. , Cardenas Antonio D. , Chiquet Brett T. 
Published: January 2019

BackgroundParental preference for various behaviour management techniques (BMTs) used in paediatric dentistry has been shown to be influenced by many factors, including ethnicity.AimTo measure parental acceptability of BMTs used in paediatric dentistry and how it is influenced by ethnicity and language.DesignParents of patients presenting to a paediatric dentistry residency clinic in Houston, Texas, USA or Medellín, Colombia watched ten video BMT vignettes and rated their acceptance on a visual analog scale (VAS). Participants were categorized into six groups based on language, ethnicity, and country of residence.ResultsParental acceptance of BMTs was affected by language, ethnicity, and country of residence (P = 2.2 × 10−16). Ethnic groups in the USA had a mean overall acceptance rate of all BMTs. Colombians rated all BMTs less acceptable than the US cohorts (P < 0.05), with the exception of voice control, which Colombians rate less acceptable than English‐speaking Caucasians and Spanish‐speaking Hispanics in the USA (P < 0.05). The Colombian population were not accepting of conscious sedation, nitrous oxide, general anaesthesia, and protective stabilization.ConclusionsParents from different ethnic groups express different preferences in BMTs. Parents continue to prefer noninvasive techniques over pharmacologic and advanced techniques, with the exception of voice control.
On a relaxed maximally disjoint path pair problem: a bicriteria approach
Authors: Pascoal Marta M. B. , Clímaco João C. N. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIn some application areas in telecommunication and transportation networks, there are problems requiring the determination of pairs of paths, aiming at minimizing the number of links, or link groups that they share, and their total cost. In this paper, a new bicriteria algorithm is proposed to deal with this problem. The algorithm is based on ranking pairs of paths by order of the total cost, using an adaptation of a path‐ranking algorithm, after a suitable modification of the network topology. Nondominated solutions are then filtered by means of a dominance test. First, computational experiments are reported in order to assess the efficiency of the algorithm to calculate the whole set of nondominated pairs of paths. Second, we present computational results focused on the nondominated solutions close to the maximal disjoint pair (i.e., quasi‐disjoint pairs only, for a predefined admissible relaxation value) because in some application problems, such as shared risk link group pairs of paths, only those solutions have practical relevance.
The impact of perceived calling on work outcomes in a nursing context: The role of career commitment and living one’s calling
Authors: Afsar Bilal , Umrani Waheed Ali , Khan Awais 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe current study examined the impact of perceived calling on nurses’ organizational commitment, organizational citizenship behavior, workplace deviant behavior, and turnover intentions. Moreover, the mediating role of career commitment and the moderating role of living a calling are also investigated. This paper posits a mediated moderation model wherein calling and living a calling interact to predict organizational commitment, organizational citizenship behavior, workplace deviant behavior, and turnover intentions with career commitment mediating the effect of the interaction on the three outcome variables. Data were collected from 294 registered nurses who had worked for a minimum of 6 months in the public or private health care system. Correlation and regression analyses were used to test the proposed hypotheses. Living a calling moderated the effect of calling on career commitment, such that these relations were more robust for nurses with a stronger sense of living a calling. Furthermore, career commitment fully mediated the effect of calling on organizational commitment, organizational citizenship behavior, workplace deviant behavior, and turnover intentions. The indirect effects of career commitment were only significant for nurses with high levels of living a calling. These results imply that possessing a sense of calling brings greater career commitment, which evidently leads to stronger organizational commitment and organizational citizenship behaviors, and lower workplace deviant behavior and turnover intentions. More specifically, nurse's sense of calling could lead to voluntary acts of helping colleagues and participation in organizational activities due to features associated with having a sense of calling, including pro‐social intention and other‐oriented thoughts. Calling might also decrease turnover intentions and deviant behaviors among nurses. Research about the dynamics of calling in nursing and medical professionals is limited. Recognizing the need, the present research has widened the scope of calling research by investigating the relationships between calling and various work‐related variables within Asian nursing context.
Preparation and photoluminescence enhancement of Au nanoparticles with ultra‐broad plasmonic absorption in glasses
Authors: Yu Chengye , Yang Zhengwen , Zhao Jingyuan , Huang Anjun , Qiu Jianbei , Song Zhiguo , Zhou Dacheng , Liu Bitao 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe metal nanoparticles with ultra‐broad localized surface plasmonic resonance (LSPR) absorption have been widely used to enhance the up conversion luminescence (UCL) of rare‐earth doped nanoparticles. However, there have been no reports on the preparation of metal nanoparticles with the ultra‐broad LSPR in the glasses. In this work, the gold nanoparticles with the ultra‐broad LSPR were prepared for the first time in the rare‐earth doped tellurite glasses by the high‐temperature melting method, and the influence of ultra‐broad LSPR on the UCL of Er3+–Yb3+ and Er3+–Yb3+–Nd3+ co‐doped tellurite glasses was investigated upon 980 and 808 nm excitation, respectively. With the precipitation of the Au NPs, about seven and 12‐fold enhancements were obtained for the green and red UCL of Er3+–Yb3+ co‐doped tellurite glasses excited at 980 nm, respectively, and about 5.9 and sevenfold enhancements were observed for the green and red UCL of Er3+–Yb3+–Nd3+ co‐doped tellurite glasses excited at 808 nm, respectively. The UCL mechanism related to UCL enhancement was confirmed. The results demonstrated that the enhanced excitation field and the increasing rate of radiative decay were responsible for the enhancement of UCL.
European Duties of Social Justice: A Kantian Framework
Authors: Claassen R.J.G. (Rutger) 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis contribution asks how to approach the question of whether the European Union should – replacing or supplementing member states – also be a locus of social justice‐based duties to provide welfare state services. The contribution scrutinizes two important theories of global justice (cosmopolitan and relational theories) and finds that their normative assumptions hinder them from adequately addressing this question. A new theory is proposed, inspired by Immanuel Kant's political philosophy. The core idea is that social justice requires public authorities to protect citizens against private forms of coercion; and that the level (national, European, global) at which such authority needs to be exercised depends on which arrangement best protects citizens' rights to independence. The paper outlines several duties of global justice to give specificity to this general principle, and then applies them to the case of integrating European welfare states.
Cell therapy for orofacial bone regeneration: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Shanbhag Siddharth , Suliman Salwa , Pandis Nikolaos , Stavropoulos Andreas , Sanz Mariano , Mustafa Kamal 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAimThe objective of the present review was to answer the focused question: what is the effect of cell therapy in terms of orofacial bone regeneration compared to grafting with only biomaterial scaffolds and/or autogenous bone?MethodsElectronic databases were searched for relevant controlled clinical and pre‐clinical (large‐animal) studies. Separate meta‐analyses of quantitative data regarding histological or radiographic new bone formation were performed.ResultsForty‐seven eligible clinical and 57 pre‐clinical studies were included. Clinical studies were categorized based on the use of “minimally manipulated” whole tissues (e.g., bone marrow) or ex vivo expanded cells from “uncommitted” (bone marrow, adipose tissue) or “committed” sources (periosteum, bone). Based on limited and heterogeneous clinical evidence, implantation of cells (mostly whole bone marrow), in combination with biomaterial scaffolds results in bone regeneration which is (a) superior compared to implantation of scaffolds alone in sinus and horizontal ridge augmentation, and (b) comparable to autogenous bone in alveolar cleft repair.ConclusionsAlthough current evidence points to the benefits of cell therapy in certain clinical indications, it is unclear whether the use of ex vivo expanded cells, either uncommitted or committed, is superior to whole tissue fractions in terms of bone regeneration. The relatively larger effect sizes in favour of cell therapy observed in pre‐clinical studies are diminished in clinical trials. Future controlled studies should include cost‐effectiveness analyses to guide clinical decision‐making.
The critical interplay between bone resorbing and bone forming cells
Authors: Lerner Ulf H. , Kindstedt Elin , Lundberg Pernilla 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAimIn this article, the interplay between bone resorbing and bone forming cells is reviewed.MethodThis review examines the comprehensive literature on the interaction between bone resorption and bone formation.ResultsCoupling between bone resorption and bone formation refers to the process within basic multicellular units, in which osteoclastic bone resorption is met by the differentiation of osteoblasts and their bone forming activity. There are many possible signalling molecules that contribute to coupling at the asynchronously working remodelling sites throughout our skeleton. These include growth factors released from the bone matrix during bone resorption, soluble and membrane products of the osteoclasts and their precursors and signals from osteocytes.ConclusionsIn this review, we describe the potential roles of a number of these factors, whose interactions are essential for a tight control of coupling within individual remodelling units, in order to control skeletal mass. Both pre‐clinical evidence and clinical evidence pinpoint that molecules in the WNT signalling pathway could be promising bone augmentation therapeutic targets. Regarding oral implications, there is support, from preclinical studies in rats, that anti‐sclerostin antibodies can restore alveolar bone mass.
Long‐term effectiveness of maxillary sinus floor augmentation: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Raghoebar Gerry M. , Onclin Pieter , Boven G. Carina , Vissink Arjan , Meijer Henny J. A. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAimTo assess the long‐term effectiveness (≥5 years) of maxillary sinus floor augmentation (MSFA) procedures applying the lateral window technique and to determine possible differences in outcome between simultaneous and delayed implant placement, partially and fully edentulous patients and grafting procedures.Materials and methodsMEDLINE (1950–May 2018), EMBASE (1966–May 2018) and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (1800–May 2018) were searched. Inclusion criteria were prospective studies with follow‐up ≥5 years and a residual bone height ≤6 mm. Outcome measures included implant loss, peri‐implant bone level change, suprastructure survival, patient‐reported outcome measures and overall complications. Data were pooled and analysed using a random effects model.ResultsOut of 2,873 selected articles, 11 studies fulfilled all inclusion criteria. Meta‐analysis revealed a weighted annual implant loss of 0.43% (95% CI: 0.37%–0.49%). Meta‐regression analysis did not reveal significant differences in implant loss neither between edentulous and dentate patients nor implants placed simultaneously with or delayed after MSFA, nor implants placed in MSFA using solely autologous bone or bone substitutes. The results of the other outcome measures were favourable, and overall complications were low.ConclusionMSFA is a reliable procedure in the partially and fully edentulous maxilla for support of dental implants.
SSU‐rRNA Gene Sequencing Survey of Benthic Microbial Eukaryotes from Guaymas Basin Hydrothermal Vent
Authors: Pasulka Alexis , Hu Sarah K. , Countway Peter D. , Coyne Kathryn J. , Cary Stephen C. , Heidelberg Karla B. , Caron David A. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractMicrobial eukaryotes have important roles in marine food webs, but their diversity and activities in hydrothermal vent ecosystems are poorly characterized. In this study, we analyzed microbial eukaryotic communities associated with bacterial (Beggiatoa) mats in the 2,000 m deep‐sea Guaymas Basin hydrothermal vent system using 18S rRNA gene high‐throughput sequencing of the V4 region. We detected 6,954 distinct Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) across various mat systems. Of the sequences that aligned with known protistan phylotypes, most were affiliated with alveolates (especially dinoflagellates and ciliates) and cercozoans. OTU richness and community structure differed among sediment habitats (e.g. different mat types and cold sediments away from mats). Additionally, full‐length 18S rRNA genes amplified and cloned from single cells revealed the identities of some of the most commonly encountered, active ciliates in this hydrothermal vent ecosystem. Observations and experiments were also conducted to demonstrate that ciliates were trophically active and ingesting fluorescent bacteria or Beggiatoa trichomes. Our work suggests that the active and diverse protistan community at the Guaymas Basin hydrothermal vent ecosystem likely consumes substantial amounts of bacterial biomass, and that the different habitats, often defined by distances of just a few 10s of cm, select for particular assemblages and levels of diversity.