bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aprovechar el dinero digital del Banco Central para estimular la actividad económica doméstica
Authors: Andresen Trond 
Published: July 2019

<p align="center"> </p><p>Este documento presenta una propuesta para aprovechar las ventajas de un sistema monetario electrónico (digital) en el que las cuentas y las transacciones internas, mismas que en su mayor parte deben realizarse en el Banco Central o en una entidad similar controlada por el Estado. El Banco Central es el mediador de la moneda digital, sino de todos los pagos, para la mayoría, al menos una gran parte de los flujos de transacciones en un país. Por lo tanto, se propone conseguir que una gran parte de las pequeñas (incluidas de una sola persona), medianas y grandes empresas transiten al dinero del Banco Central digital (BC) para su actividad diaria.</p><div><br /><div><p> </p></div></div>
Valorización del capital financiero en la postcrisis
Authors: Camarena Luhrs Margarita 
Published: July 2019

<p align="right"> </p><p>En este trabajo se estudian algunos de los cambios dinámicos en la inversión y la producción que aceleran los flujos de capital, explorando prácticas de autovalorización del capital financiero. Se exploran en 5 empresas globales-regionales que directa e indirectamente producen, prestan, consumen y comercializan hardware, publicidad, software y realizan ventas <em>online</em> de productos-servicios intensivos en tecnología. Las empresas son: Apple, Alphabet, Microsoft, Amazon, Facebook; se incluye un ejemplo más, de drogas legales realizadas mediante complejos sistemas de distribución abierta/cerrada, desarrollados por <em>dealers</em> cibernéticos. Para ellos se consideran dos sectores económicos, el productor y el consumidor de riqueza social. También se toman en cuenta explicaciones de la superposición los momentos de la producción: distribución, cambio y consumo, como de la compleja yuxtaposición -llegando al punto de unificación- de las esferas productiva y circulatoria, con lo que se intensifica la rotación del capital financiero en la poscrisis del 2008 al 2019. <strong></strong></p><p> </p><div><div><p> </p></div></div>
Relevancia de China en las finanzas mundiales
Authors: San-Martín-Albizuri Nerea , Rodríguez-Castellanos Arturo 
Published: July 2019

<p align="center"> </p><p align="right"> </p><p>Tras cuatro décadas de reformas estructurales, China se encuentra en un punto de inflexión histórico: de depender básicamente de las exportaciones, a ser uno de los mayores productores, consumidores e inversores del mundo, con una importante presencia en las finanzas mundiales. Es cierto que en los últimos años han aparecido problemas, y que respecto del futuro se vislumbran incertidumbres, pero las autoridades chinas disponen todavía de margen para hacerles frente, y por otra parte continúan desarrollando iniciativas destinadas a expandir la presencia del país en la economía y las finanzas mundiales.</p><p>En este trabajo en primer lugar se exponen los diversos aspectos de la presencia china en las finanzas mundiales, como son el tamaño de su sistema financiero, la tenencia de deuda externa pública estadounidense, la progresiva presencia internacional del yuan, manifestada por su entrada en la composición de los Derechos Especiales de Giro, y el incremento de las inversiones chinas en el exterior. Asimismo, se consideran las iniciativas de las autoridades chinas para incrementar la presencia de su país en el mundo, como son la “Iniciativa <em>Belt and Road</em>”, el “efecto China” como fuerza creadora de una nueva arquitectura económica y financiera mundial liderando al grupo BRICS, los acuerdos y tratados bilaterales de carácter comercial, monetario y de inversión, y el desarrollo de un mercado internacional para el oro físico en yuanes. Por último, se consideran los desafíos a los que deben hacer frente los gobernantes chinos para que tales iniciativas consigan sus objetivos.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p> </p><div><div><p> </p></div></div>
Tratados internacionales de comercio e inversión y control de capital
Authors: Stanley Leonardo , Libman Emiliano 
Published: July 2019

<p class="CuerpoA" align="right"> </p><p class="CuerpoA">Los controles de capitales están nuevamente en la agenda de política e incluso las instituciones multilaterals de creditos reconocen su utilidad. Los controles no siempre se pueden implementar libremente. La estructura instuticional asociada a los Acuerdos de Libre Comercio y los Acuerdos Bilaterales de Inversión pueden limitar severamente la posibilidad de regular la cuenta capital y al sistema financier. Tras revisar la literatura sobre la liberalización de la cuenta capital, los controles de capitales, la administración del tipo de cambio y las políticas macro-prudenciales, este trabajo discute las limitaciones asociadas a estos acuerdos.</p><p class="CuerpoA"> </p><div><div><p class="FootnoteText"> </p></div></div>
Análisis comparativo del conocimiento de RCP en legos y personal médico de una universidad y un hospital de Santo Domingo, República Dominicana, durante el período febrero-abril 2015
Authors: Smester Pablo , Bueno Fermín Alicia , Lanurias Díaz Alan , Rodríguez Heinsen Alejandra , Vásquez Sánchez Emely , Pérez Scarllen , Tavarez Lisely 
Published: July 2019

Introducción: el nivel de conocimiento en legos y personal médico incide en la calidad y eficacia de la Reanimación Cardiopulmonar (RCP).
Objetivo: comparar el nivel de conocimiento y técnicas de RCP en legos y personal médico de una universidad y un hospital de Santo Domingo, República Dominicana, durante el período febrero-abril 2015.
Material y métodos: fue un estudio prospectivo, experimental y de corte longitudinal en el que se evaluaron 30 legos de una universi dad de Santo Domingo y 17 residentes de emergenciología de un hospital de la misma ciudad.
Resultados: sin ninguna intervención 12 de 30 legos evaluados (40 %), tuvieron dominio del conocimiento básico de RCP. 12 de 17 (70.58 %), tuvieron un conocimiento básico de RCP. Por otra parte, tanto el 100 % de los residentes como de los legos presentaron un conocimiento acertado de RCP luego de la intervención.
Conclusiones: el nivel de conocimiento en una población estudiantil antes de una intervención presentó valores menores en relación con un personal médico ya entrenado. Sin embargo, estos valores sufrieron un cambio luego de la intervención realizada a la población estudiantil provocando un aumento de los valores en la comparación con legos y personal médico.
The effects of interleukin-10 and fibroblasts growth factor-2 in mice with toxic cuprizone model of demyelination
Authors: Labunets I. , Rodnichenko A. , Utko N. , Panteleimonova T. , Pokholenko Ya. , Litoshenko Z. , Butenko G. 
Published: July 2019

Cytokines and growth factors exhibit neurotropic, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties, and therefore can affect the functioning of the nervous system at demyelinating disorders.Purpose. To identify changes in T-lymphocytes, macrophages, oxidative stress and antioxidant defence factors, endocrine thymus function in the brain and behaviour of mice receiving neurotoxin cuprizone and recombinant human proteins: interleukin-10 (rhIL-10) and fibroblast growth factor (rhFGF-2).Materials and methods. 4-6-month-old 129/Sv mice received cuprizone with food every day for 3 weeks. From the 7th day of cuprizone diet, they received different doses of rhIL-10 and rhFGF-2. The content of СD3+ Т-cells, macrophages, malondialdehyde, activity of antioxidant enzymes in the brain and the level of thymulin in the blood were determined. Behavioural reactions were assessed in the “open field” test.Results. In the brain of mice receiving cuprizone and rhIL-10, there was a decrease in the number of СD3+ Т-cells and the activity of macrophages, which significantly increased under the influence of the toxin. After cytokine injection, the activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase increased significantly in the brain, as well as the level of thymulin in the blood. Motor, emotional and exploratory activity of mice, significantly suppressed by the cuprizone, was increased after the introduction of rhIL-10. The effect of rhIL-10 on the test parameters is more pronounced at a dose of 5 μg/kg than 50 μg/kg. After injection of rhFGF-2 in the mice with cuprizone diet, there is a decrease in the activity of brain macrophages and an increase of the level of thymulin in the blood depending on the dose of this factor; the motor activity of these animals increased regardless of the rhFGF-2 dose.Conclusion. The injections of rhIL-10 and rhFGF-2 provide dose-dependent positive effects on the pathogenetic factors of experimental demyelinating pathology, as well as the functional state of the nervous system. Whereas, the injections of rhIL-10 have more pronounced effects.
Historical background of umbilical stem cell culture
Authors: Borys-Wójcik Sylwia , Józkowiak Małgorzata , Stefańska Katarzyna , Knap Sandra , Pieńkowski Wojciech , Gutaj Paweł , Bruska Małgorzata , Kempisty Bartosz 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Umbilical cord is a waste material, and therefore does not raise ethical concerns related to its use for research and medicine. Stem cells from umbilical cord have a significant advantage over cells from other sources. First, the umbilical cord is an infinite source of stem cells, because it can be taken theoretically during each delivery. Secondly, acquisition of umbilical cord is a non-invasive, safe procedure for mother and child. Thirdly, the transplantation of umbilical cord stem cells is associated with a lower risk of infection and a less-frequent “graft versus host” reaction. In this work, the authors present a historical background of research on the cell from its discovery to modern times characterized by highly advanced methods of obtaining stem cells from umbilical cord and from other sources.
Disabled Children in the Context of Russian Digital Economy Challenges
Authors: Firsov Michail V. , Sarychev Alexander S. , Shimanovskaya Yanina V. , Kozlovskaya Svetlana N. , Akhtyan Anna G. , Konstantinova Natalia P. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The digital society having gained quite a momentum in the Russian Federation in the recent decade has brought along some new trends in “problems-shaping” not only for the producing, but also for the non-producing strata of the population. The new “non-producing classes” get formed in a situation of new historical conditions the coordinates of which cover the entire global world, and it can be spoken definitely that problems of the Russian society are determined, among other things, by trends of the “world information community”, with the former being a part of it nowadays. The paper outlines the main vectors of the problem of socialization of the disabled children in the contemporary Russian society within the context of information economy forming. Particularities of integration of children having disabilities are shown in the logic of development of the world social inequality processes based on the “digital divide” approaches. Proceeding from the Russian statistical materials, some suppositions are made about possible negative development scenarios of the present-day cohort of children having functional limitations who can become outsiders of the digital revolution and man the strata of non-producing classes if there are no state programs, education strategies, pedagogical personnel and focused work with parents.
Communication between Population of Germany and German-Speaking Switzerland: Intra- or Intercultural Communication?
Authors: Takhtarova Svetlana Salavatovna , Abuzyarova Darya Leonidovna , Kuzmina Olga Dmitrievna 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The relevance of the research is determined by the contemporary interest to the intercultural communication in the context of the anthropocentric paradigm of modern linguistics. The article is devoted to the analysis of the peculiarities of communicative interaction between the citizens of Germany and the German-speaking cantons of Switzerland. The systematic analysis of studies on the communicative styles of Germans living in Germany and Switzerland allowed us to determine their main features. The study showed that the communication between the analyzed ethno-cultural communities is complicated by a number of linguistic and culturally-conditioned problems. While the inhabitants of Germany demonstrate the characteristic features of the low-context culture, the communicative style of the German-speaking Swiss is mitigative as they are referred to the high-context culture. The socio-cultural differences in the mutual perception of the analyzed ethnosocial groups lead to the formation of stereotypes and clichés which influence the intercultural communication. The materials of the paper may be used in comparative cultural linguistics, country and cultural studies.
Traditional Russian Family as a Basis for Sustainable Development of the State and Society
Authors: Egorychev Aleksander M. , Mardakhaev Lev V. , Akhtyan Anna G. , Shimanovskaya Yanina V. , Archakov Rustam A. , Bykovskaya Tamara E. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The relevance of the problem under examination is stemming from the present difficult situation with the basic institution of the Russian society, i.e. the Russian family. Modern researchers explore the issues related to the present and future of the Russian family institution as a basis for sustainable development of the state and society. They analyze the condition of the present-day Russian family and reveal the reasons of its crisis. The authors of this research firmly uphold the position that only revival of traditional meanings and values of the Russian family will allow to keep its high status in the society and to foster sustainable development of the Russian state and society. This research is aimed at identifying and validating the factors and conditions that contribute to the revival of the traditional foundations of the Russian family, and to the sustainable development of the Russian state and society as a whole. The main approaches to the study of this problem were culturological and socio-historical, which allow to solve the pursued goals and objectives. The paper presents the analysis of the current socio-political situation in Russia, identifies and validates the main aspects and causes of the existing harsh reality of the Russian institution of family, discloses and identifies factors and conditions essential for sustainable development of the country. The materials of this research have practical value for researchers and specialists dealing with problems of the Russian family and challenges of sustainable development of the Russian society.
Insights on Sustainable Universities from Economic and Statistical Perspectives
Authors: Šipilova Viktorija 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Currently, the issues on sustainability receive extremely high interest, especially from young generation. This makes universities as key participants in sustainable development as far as they provide wide possibilities for engagement in the process. Despite many studies devoted to universities as participants of sustainable development, there still is insufficient knowledge about their contribution to the process. Mostly, studies are qualitative and consider certain examples of good practices, which do not provide insights on common and different characteristics and trends of universities’ contribution to sustainable development. This is the result of the early stage of development of the reporting about universities’ sustainable efforts what limits possibilities to carry quantitative analysis. The paper aims, first, to search for characteristics of universities’ contribution to sustainable development and, second, to detect trends by using numerical secondary data worked up in UI GreenMetric World University Ranking. The paper focuses on universities from European Union. Special attention is devoted to countries’ economic development level as far as scientific literature suggests that the level of economic development may affect involvement in sustainable development. Research findings allows to indicate that there are both common and distinct characteristics across the cases from economically high and less developed countries what is significant for further policy-making and popularizing of sustainability idea across universities in the European Union. Universities continue to improve practices and search for new accents. However, universities’ intention to report about their sustainable efforts in long-term perspective for continuing data collection must be more active.
Geo-economics vs Geo-politics: The Baghdad Railway Project and the Spoils of a Perpetual Economic War around Middle East
Authors: Karkazis John , Vidakis Ioannis G. , Baltos Georgios C. , Bayeh Joseph N. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This study focuses on the geopolitical situation in the wider East Mediterranean Region at the dawn of the 20th century, based on the analysis of a major infrastructure project, the Baghdad Railway. The process of its construction eventually led to the rivalry between “Politics” and “Economy”, towards increased relative gains for the superpowers of that period. The innovative side of the research extends to the hypothesis that modern economic crises are also related to power games similar to those prevailing almost a century ago. International Relations are linked with the Politics and Economy sectors, considering realistic lessons from the past in order to shape another better in terms of peace and stability future.
Women’s Household Decision-Making and Intimate Partner Violence in Ethiopia
Authors: Ebrahim Nasser B. , Atteraya Madhu S. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Women’s household decision-making, a reflection of interpersonal power dynamics in intimate relationships is assumed to play a central role in eliminating violence against women. Thus we sought to examine the association between women’s household decision-making autonomy and the occurrence of intimate partner violence (IPV) among Ethiopian women. We used data gathered in the 2016 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS-2016). We limited our study to ever-married women (aged: 15 - 49 years) who responded to the domestic violence questions (n = 4,469). Sampling weights were applied and effects associated with complex survey design were accounted for. Overall, 24%, 23.1%, and 10.1% of women have experienced emotional abuse, physical violence, or sexual violence, respectively in their lifetimes. The relationship between demographic variables and IPV were inconsistent and mostly non-significant. We found significant association between decision-making autonomy and IPV variables. Women who made decisions jointly with their husbands/partners had lower risk of domestic violence as compared to women with low level of household decision-making autonomy. No significant difference between women in the low and high level of decision-making groups. Egalitarian family power structures may be beneficial toward reducing IPV and achieving gender equality in Ethiopia.
A Method to Determine Allowable Speed for a Unit Load in a Pallet Flow Rack
Authors: Safronov Eugene , Nosko Andrey 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Pallet flow rack are widely used in intralogistics to maximize warehouse capacity and to reduce the travel by fork-lifts. However, the use of pallet flow racks is associated with increased danger due to the use of gravity conveyors in their design. For this purpose, the gravity conveyors of pallet flow rack have a two safety elements – brake rollers and a stopping mechanism with pallet separator, which are working as a system. Brake rollers limit the speed of pallets, while the stopping mechanism allows exuding a pressure on the unloading pallet from the following behind it. A pallet should have such a speed, controlled by the brake rollers, so that it could be stopped by a stopping mechanism without damaging it. Based on the Cox impact theory, an original method for determining the allowable speed of a pallet in a pallet flow rack is proposed. The method ensures safe operation of the stopping mechanism with pallet separator and takes into account the mechanical properties and design parameters of the pallet separator stopper. A calculation example is provided for the most commonly used types of pallets – Euro pallet (1200 mm × 800 mm) and Industrial pallet (1200 mm × 1000 mm). The obtained results agree well with the pallet speed range of 0.2 to 0.3 m/s recommended by the manufacturers of pallet flow racks.
Intellectualization of Emergency Control of Power Systems on the Basis of Incorporated Ontologies of Knowledge-Bases
Authors: Morkun Vladimir , Kotov Ihor 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The research deals with improvement of methods and systems of controlling integrated power systems (IPSs) on the basis of intellectualization of decision-making support. Complex analysis of large-scale accidents at power facilities is performed, and their causes and damages are determined. There is substantiated topicality of building condition knowledge-bases as the foundation for developing decision-support systems in power engineering. The top priorities of the research include developing methods of building a knowledge base based on intensity models of control actions influencing the parameters of power system conditions and introducing the smart system into information contours of the automated dispatch control system (ADCS), as well as assessing practical results of the research. To achieve these goals, the authors apply methods of experiment planning, artificial intelligence, knowledge presentation, mathematical simulation, and mathematical statistics as well as methods of power systems studying. The basic research results include regression models of a power system sensitivity to control actions, methods of building a knowledge base based on the models of sensitivity matrices, a structure of the smart decision-support system, a scheme of introducing the decision-support system into the operating ADCS environment. The problem of building a knowledge base of the dispatch decision-support system on the basis of empirical data resulted from calculating experiments on the system diagram has been solved. The research specifies practical efficiency of the suggested approaches and developed models.
Surface Localized Heat Transfer in Periodic Composites
Authors: Kula Dorota , Wierzbicki Ewaryst 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
A characteristic feature of the description of physical phenomena formulated by an appropriate boundary or initial-boundary value problem and occurring in microstructured materials is the investigation of the unknown field in the form of decomposition referred to as micro-macro hypothesis. The first term of this decomposition is usually the integral average of the unknown physical field. The second term is a certain disturbance imposed on the first term and is represented in the form of a finite or infinite number of singleton fluctuations. Mentioned expansion is usually referred to as a two-scale expansion of the unknown physical field. In the paper, we purpose to apply two-scale expansion in the form of a certain Fourier series as a result of an applying Surface Localization of the unknown field. The considerations are illustrated by two examples, which results in analytical approximated solutions to the Effective Heat Conduction Problem for periodic composites, including the full dependence on the microstructure length parameter.
Robotic Swarm Self-Organisation Control
Authors: Hendzel Zenon , Wiech Jakub 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This article proposes a new swarm control method using distributed proportional-derivative (PD) control for self-organisation of swarm of nonholonomic robots. Kinematics control with distributed proportional-derivative (DPD) controller enables generation of desired robot trajectory achieving collective behaviour of a robotic swarm such as aggregation and pattern formation. Proposed method is a generalisation of virtual spring-damper control used in swarm self-organisation. The article includes the control algorithm synthesis using the Lyapunov control theory and numeric simulations results.