bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Slow Strain Waves in Rocks as Potential Precursors to Seismic Hazard
Authors: Bornyakov S A , Salko D V , Shagun A N , Dobrynina A A , Usynin L A 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The article reports on instrumental monitoring of rock deformation in the South Baikal geodynamic test site. Based on the analysis of the time series of data sets, two groups of strain components are distinguished by differences in their origin and wave properties. Strain components in the first group are caused by external factors, such as lunar-solar tides and atmospheric pressure variations. The second group includes non-periodic, random and periodic (constant) components generated by internal tectonics. Non-periodic components are manifested as single deformation impulses that differ in intensity and form, and are related to slow displacements along large active faults, which occur outside the monitoring sites. Besides, non-periodic components are related to fast displacements at block interfaces within the monitoring sites. The periodic (constant) component is related to the India-Eurasian collision. It is represented by slow strain waves, which lengths amount to 400–500 m, with amplitudes of few microns, and periods of (1-3)·10−4 Hz. The strain wave directions and rates of their migration in space vary with time. The identified trends of changes of the wave parameters in the South Baikal geodynamic polygon can be related to the preparation of a strong earthquake.
Electromagnetic soundings of the earth crust and deformation processes in geosphere of the Bishkek geodynamic polygon (BGP)
Authors: Sychev V N , Bogomolov L M , Sycheva N A 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
A new processing of materials on variations of seismicity of the Bishkek geodynamic polygon (BGP) under effect of electromagnetic (EM) soundings of geological medium has been carried out. The revision of these materials is topical due to following issue. During the period of 1983-1989 the disharges of the capacitor battery (so-called cold runs) were used for supply for EM soundings in addition to the MHD generator launchs (hot, or fire runs). Moreover, alternative source of EM soundings by bipolar current pulses (namely, the ERGU-600-2 equip) was used in the times of 90s. But previous studies paid low attention to electric injection to Earth Crust besides MHD generator hot runs. Motivated by such state of the art we have analysed temporal dependence of Benioff strain on the territory of the BGP in the overall period of EM soundings (from 1983 up to now). The alterations of EM soundings sources and operational modes have been taken into account. But our approach has reveal no no noticeable change seismic regime (by the Benioff strain data) during the nineties in close surrounding of the injecting dipole.
The modulation of the eigen oscillation in the harbours by tide
Authors: Kovalev P D , Kovalev D P , Zarochintsev V S 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
In the port harbors there are reoccurring a reciprocating movements of water, which a connected with strong waves at sea. Threatening the safety of ships and berthing facilities, these movements, called harbor oscillations, are caused by the infragravity waves. They occur when their periods are close to the periods of eigen resonant oscillations of the water area. As a result of the observations, it was found that the seiches modulated with the frequency of tidal waves. This phenomenon cannot be explained by analogy with the modulation of infragravity waves. Observations show that the primary reason is an enhancement of energy loss over the low-tide surfzone bottom profile, while in the port harbour significant currents are observed only in the harbor entrance zone. It is shown that the reason of modulation is a change in the water level in the harbor, which occurs nonlinearly. Using the Duffing equation, the dynamics of a nonlinear dynamic system a liquid oscillating in a port under the external excitation by tidal waves and swell, is analyzed. It is shown that under the influence of swell at the harbor entrance can lead to chaotic vibrations in the harbor, which can be dangerous for ships.
On the problem of geochemical signatures of mud volcanoes and sediment-hosted hydrothermal systems
Authors: Ershov V V , Nikitenko O A , Perstneva Yu A , Bondarenko D D , Ustyugov G V 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The present paper is a comparative study of geochemical characteristics of the emissions of the Yuzhno-Sakhalinsky mud volcano and the sediment-hosted hydrothermal systems Salton Sea and Lusi. The comparative analysis was performed using the data on the content of Cl, Br, SO4, Li, Na, K, Ca, Mg, B, Ba, Sr, Si, oxygen-18 and deuterium in the discharged fluids, as well as on the content of CO2, C1-C5, carbon-13 in CO2 and CH4 in the released gases. It showed the absence of any distinct systematic differences in geochemical parameters between mud volcanoes and sediment-hosted hydrothermal systems. This suggests, inter alia, a need for a detailed geochemical classification of mud volcanoes, which to this day has not been elaborated.
Thermal springs of the Ushishir volcano (Russia)
Authors: Zharkov R V 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The article presents the results of researches of thermal waters of South-Eastern solfataric field of Ushishir volcano (Yankicha Island, Central Kurile Islands) in 2007 and 2015. Detailed studies of the physicochemical properties of the hydrothermal springs of the volcano were begun in 1950-60 years. Modern studies have confirmed the stability of physical and chemical parameters of hydrotherms. Modern thermal waters (temperature up to 100 °C), as before, can be attributed to acidic (pH 2.8-3.6), highly mineralized (TDS 23-36 g/l), sodium chloride. The chemical composition and ratio of the main macroelements of hydrotherms are close to the sea waters of the region. The uniqueness of these waters distinguishing them from other coastal hydrotherms of the Kuril Islands is their high acidity. The increased content of balneological elements (Br – 107 mg/l; B – 36 mg/l; I – 0.5 mg/l) in hydrotherms determines their high therapeutic value, which allows them to be used in the treatment and prevention of a wide range of diseases.
Rare earth elements in waters from the Yuzhno-Sakhalinsky mud volcano, Far East of Russia
Authors: Ershov V V 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
For the first time, data have been obtained on the concentrations of REE in the subsurface fluids of the Yuzhno-Sakhalinsky mud volcano, as well as in the spring at the foot of this volcano. It has been demonstrated that the REE concentrations in the waters of the studied volcano are significantly higher than in the waters of the mud volcanoes of Junggar Basin. It has been ascertained that the total concentration of REE in mud volcanic waters does not depend on their mineralization, yet it correlates with the concentration of Al. This is probably caused by the sorption of REE on the fine particles of clay suspension. The obtained ranges of REE have a high positive Eu anomaly, which is likely to be an artifact due to the relatively high concentration of Ba in the studied waters.
The destruction of rocky shores at high latitudes according to precision measurements data
Authors: Afanas’ev V V , Uba A V 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
New high-precision data on the surface destruction rates of a co-seismically raised bench as a result of the Nevelsk earthquake in August 2, 2007, Mw = 6.2 in Nevelsk allowed to determine that the destruction of subvertical coastal cliffs occurs with the speeds nearly an order of magnitude larger, than the speed destruction of subhorizontal bench surfaces. The role of wave influence in the benches formation is mainly reduced to the mobilization and removal of debris obtained as a result of frost weathering at negative air temperatures. High-precision orthophotos and 3D models of high coastal ledge composed of volcanogenic-sedimentary rocks made it possible to identify the cliffs destruction mechanisms with non-uniform strength and to determine their quantitative parameters. It was found that the destruction occurs along structurally weakened zones, as well as during the collapse of large rocks blocks due to the formation of wave-breaking holes in rapidly destructing tuffs. Suffosion in tuffs and their contacts significantly weakens the solid characteristics of volcanogenic-sedimentary mountain massives. The retreat of the coastal scarp brow formed by volcanogenic-sedimentary rocks can reach several meters per year under these conditions.
3-D structure of the discharging zone of the Daginsky hydrothermal system (Sakhalin Island) according to the ground penetrating radar method and well logs
Authors: Yu Pavlova B , Zharkov R V , Delemen I F 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The paper presents the results of a comprehensive analysis of GPR data and geophysical well survey data (gamma-ray logging and self-polarization potentials) to study the 3-D spatial structure of the Daginsky hydrothermal system discharging zone (Sakhalin Island) and its hydrogeological situation. According to the GPR method, the paleo-valleys were identified, the morphology of which indicates the presence of runoff hollows, the accumulation of sandy-aleurite-clay sediments covered with peat formations. It can be concluded that the caprock in this area consists of a pack of water layers and permeable zones. Based on the data of geophysical studies in wells, three zones can be distinguished, each of which is characterized by the corresponding values of gamma activity and changes in the potentials of its own polarization. All this helps in identifying permeable thermally conductive zones. The data obtained are of practical importance.
Risk assessment of dangerous Aeolian processes within the Baikal rift zone
Authors: Tyumentseva E M 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Among dangerous natural processes in the Baikal region we emphasize aeolian processes of high intensity which is due to dust storms caused by hurricane winds. The factors of the process development were studied, and special attention was paid to the wind regime and seismic activity, as well as to the catastrophic consequences and damage. We analyzed the number and duration of dust storms, calculated the deflation potential of the wind and the energy of the air flows. The morphology of aeolian relief forms, both deflationary and accumulative was studied. We forecasted sand dune drifts based on the analysis of the charted sand rose. Differences in structure, mechanism, and intensity of the processes are revealed depending on the hydroclimatic conditions during the monitoring period. In connection with global climate change, which is manifested in the Baikal region by an increase in the number of arid years of observations (35%), and the frequency of emergency situations associated with natural processes increases. It is necessary to continue the monitoring of aeolian processes in order to create long-term and short-term forecasts to avoid catastrophic consequences.
The Effect of Sintering Temperature on Bilayers Hydroxyapatite Coating of Titanium (Ti-6Al-4V) ELI by Electrophoretic Deposition for Improving Osseointegration
Authors: Juliadmi Dian , Harlendri  , Hon Tjong Djong , Manjas Menkher , Gunawarman  
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Bilayers hydroxyapatite (HA) coating using electrophoretic deposition (EPD) method has been applied into a biocompatible metal, Ti-6Al-4V ELI, in order to improve bioactivity of the alloy and then to accelerate bone remodeling and osseointegration during implantation. Two steps EPD process wasconducted for obtaining based layer consist of HA nanoparticles using voltage 3 volt for 3 minutes. It was then followed by second layer formation consist of HA micro particles using voltage 5 volt for 5 minutes. The coated alloy was then sintered at temperatures of 700°C, 800°C and 900°C for each 10 minutes within vacuum tube furnace at the sintering rate 20°C/s. Surface morphologies were examined using optical microscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The result of this study showed that bilayers hydroxyapatite coating onto Ti-6Al-4V surface was produced through EPD with those parameters. Sintering treatment at temperature 800°C gives thin, dense, even and crack-free coatings. The Ti-6Al-4V ELI surface is almost fully covered by bilayers hydroxyapatite (with surface coverage 98.6%) with adequate bonding (without lost weight of coating layers). An improper coating layer is obtained for lower (700°C) and higher (900°C) temperature. The sintered samples at temperature 900°C have micro cracks, void and debonding layers. It is expected such bilayers hydroxyapatite with sintering at 800°C can initiate mineralization and then make a quick osseointegration.
Fabrication of Micro Dimples Pattern Using Ball End Mill
Authors: Bin Zaki Muhamad Izdhar , Saptaji Kushendarsyah , Ramdan Raden Dadan , Kurniawan Tedi 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
In this paper, the effect of workpiece tilt angle and feed direction in producing micro dimple pattern using ball end mill tools were studied. Experiments were conducted using carbide ball end mill tools, aluminium Al 6061-T6 workpiece and using CNC machine. Three workpiece tilt angles are selected 0°30° and 45°; and two feed directions z-axis and x-axis. Visual observations using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and geometry measurements using laser scanning confocal microscope were conducted on the fabricated micro dimple patterns. The results show that the workpiece tilt angle produces less burr at the edge of the dimples compared to without tilt (0°). In addition, the workpiece tilt angle can avoid the formation of undercut at the center of the dimple. The workpiece tilt angle of 30° and z-axis feed direction produced better result compared to 0° and 45° tilt angles with the value of ratio diameter/depth closer to the theoretical value.
Effect of Composition and Pouring Temperature of Cu-Sn Alloys on The Fluidity and Microstructure by Investment Casting
Authors: Slamet Sugeng , Suyitno  , Kusumaningtyas Indraswari 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The alloy composition and the pouring temperature are main parameters to avoid cast defects in the metal casting process. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of tin composition and pouring temperature on the fluidity and microstructure of Cu-Sn alloys to minimize product failure. The material used in this study was Cu with the addition of tin composition (20-25)% Sn by melting Cu = 99.9% and Sn = 99.9%. The pouring temperatures were varied T1=1000°C and T2=1100°C. Mold for fluidity test was used the wax pattern with investment casting method. The wax pattern for mold of fluidity test shaped bars with a length of 400 mm, the width of 10 mm and cavity thickness varies from 1.5-5 mm. The mold material was used natural ceramic such as clay (SiO2). Increased of the tin composition decreases the length of fluidity, while the increased pouring temperature and the cavity thickness of the mold increase the length of fluidity. Increasing tin composition and pouring temperature increases the phase microstructure α and triggers the formation of columnar dendrites. The high rate of cast metal fluidity and the thickness of the mold cavity greatly affect the microstructure of the alloy.
Characterization of The Wear Resistance of 3D Printed Polylactic-Acid (PLA) in Water and Bovine Serum
Authors: Arifvianto B. , Putra A.T. , Prayoga B.T. , Mahardika M. , Suyitno  
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) printing has become an emerging technology for the fabrication of geometrically complex, patient-specific biomedical implants. However, several properties of the 3D printed material have not so far been fully understood. Among these properties, wear resistance is considered as the critical one for the 3D printed material that should be applied as a sliding component in an artificial joint prosthesis. In this research, the wear resistance of a 3D printed polylactic-acid (PLA) pin that slid over the surface of titanium plate was characterized in water and bovine serum by using a pin-on-plate tribometer. The result showed that the use of bovine serum could reduce the wear of the 3D printed PLA better than the use of the water as the lubricant. Based on the analysis of weight losses and worn surface morphology, polymer film transfer was proposed as the possible wear mechanism that occurred during the sliding of the 3D printed PLA pin over the surface of the Ti plate.
Corrosion Behavior Of New Type Titanium Alloy As Candidate For Dental Wires In Artificial Saliva On Fluctuating Temperatures
Authors: Affi Jon , Ihsan Fadhli , Fajri Hidayatul , Gunawarman  
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Titanium alloys are widely used for implant material due to high biocompatibility properties. It is well known that the corrosion resistance of titanium alloys is better than other metallic materials. However, if the alloys are applied for unknown condition such as wire in orthodontic application, the fluctuating temperature is important to be considered as parameter which influences on corrosion rate. In this study, the effect of fluctuating temperature on corrosion behavior of TNTZ was investigated. Two conditions of TNTZ were used in this study, i.e., Ti-29Nb-13Ta-4.6Zr aging treatment (AT) and TNTZ solution treatment (ST). For comparison, the commercial Ti6Al4V ELI was also used in this study. The corrosion rates of the samples were characterized in artificial saliva on fluctuating temperatures range between 10°C and 50°C by immersion testing. The results showed that the lowest corrosion rate for each variation of temperature was TNTZ ST. The corrosion process seems to decrease the hardness of TNTZ up to 26 VHN. The result also showed that the corrosion rate of TNTZ is much lower than that of Ti6Al4V in all cycles. Moreover, the hardness of Ti6Al4V decreases more significantly i.e., up to 77.2 VHN. The artificial saliva with fluctuating temperature induces corrosion process and decreases the hardness of the alloys.
Development Of Short Carbon Fiber Reinforced Aluminium Matrix Composites By Low Pressure Infiltration Process
Authors: Meng Xuan , Choi Yongbum , Matsugi Kazuhiro , Wentao Hu , Wenchang Liu 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Short carbon fiber reinforced aluminium based matrix composites were fabricated by a low-pressure infiltration process. This study is amid for development of short carbon fiber reinforced aluminium matrix composites. Short carbon fibers of 10 vol.% was used to preparing preforms for the low-pressure infiltration process. Afterwards, pure Al and Aluminium alloy under temperature of 1073K were infiltrated into the preforms under an applied pressure of 0.4MPa. Microstructure and Vickers hardness as well as microstructure–property relationships of these materials were studied. Microstructure observations indicated that: the SiO2 binder was coating on the surface of short carbon fiber and distributed at the corner of carbon fibers in preforms. Short carbon fibers were homogeneously distributed in the matrix. Furthermore, properties of short carbon fiber reinforced pure Al and A336 alloy composites showed that: the relative density was 95.8% and 97.2%, respectively. Hardness of short carbon fiber reinforced pure Al composite increased by 76% comparing to the base pure Al, and short carbon fiber reinforced A336 alloy composite increased by 10% comparing to the A336 alloy.
Effect of Aging Time on Characteristics of ADC12/SiC Composite with Addition of Sr Modifier and Al-5TiB Grain Refiner
Authors: Syahrial Anne Zulfia , Salman Muhammad , Utomo Budi Wahyu 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
An aluminium composite is developed as a light material with high strength for transportation application. Aluminium ADC 12 matrix was reinforced with SiC and added with Al-5TiB grain refiner and Sr modifier which is fabricated by stir-casting. The composites then were T6 treated for the various aging time from 2, 6, 10, 15 and 24 hours. The composites were characterized including tensile strength, impact resistance, hardness testing, wear resistance, density and porosity as well. The microstructural analysis to obtain the microstructure and phases changed after T6 using SEM-EDS and confirmed by XRD. Results show that T6 treatment has affected the morphology of primary and eutectic Mg2Si, as well as precipitation of metastable β’-Mg2Si from the aging process. T6 heat treatment has improved mechanical properties for all composites compared to as-cast composites. The highest ultimate tensile strength value and hardness are shown to be 144.5 MPa and 64.467 HRB after T6 for 6 hours at 170°C.
Nanotube Formation And Surface Evolution On Hydrothermally Treated Ti In Alkali Solution
Authors: Rukini Asywendi , Sukyoung Kim 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The present study intends to check which nanotube formation mechanism match the surface evolution on bulk Ti surface after soaked in hydrothermal treatment. Polished cp-Ti disks were hydrothermally immersed in various concentration NaOH for 1h, 2h, and 4h at 220°C. The SEM observations and XRD studies showed a sequence transformation from polished Ti surface into titanium oxide with plate shape and leave-like structure in the beginning. Bigger plates or leaves oxide then evolved into sodium titanate nanorods that finally became nanotubes as the immersing time lengthened. Apparently self-assembly and partial dissolution were the most applied mechanism to explained the sodium titanate formation. Plate and leaves-like oxide mainly formed by dissolution of Ti metal followed by precipitation of TiO6 in self-assemble manner as the resultant of reaction between Ti(OH)3
+ and OH−. While, nanorod and nanotube structure were produced by partial dissolution of leaves structure followed precipitation of sodium titanate by reaction of Na+ with HTiO3
− generated from OH-reaction with Ti metal and TiO6.
Air Jet Erosion Study on Stir Casted Metal Matrix Composite Aluminum-SiC
Authors: Longalayuk M. , Ruskandi C. , Setiamarga B. H. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
For equipment that operates in high-speed abrasive media, erosion will be the major factor for its failure. Metal Matrix Composite (MMC) Aluminum-Silicon Carbide has been developed for improving the lifetime for such application.
In this research, MMC Al-SiC has been made using Al-7075 scrap with 5%, 10%, and 15% SiC powder addition. This MMC was manufactured using stir casting technique with 1% Magnesium addition. Optical metallography has been done to know the SiC distribution homogeneity. Erosion resistance of the MMC was studied using Air Jet Erosion Test with Alumina powder as abrasives.
The microstructural study showed that MMC Al-SiC has been successfully manufactured although the SiC particle distribution has not been fully homogeneous yet. Air Jet Erosion Testing revealed that the addition of 5% SiC powder was optimal in increasing its erosion resistance. The SiC addition from 10 to 15% did not improve its erosion resistance significantly.
Study of Si Surface Adsorption Towards Hydrogen Molecule
Authors: Dhaneswara D , Fajar Fatriansyah J , Bachtiar Yusuf M , Hanif Abdurrahman M , Riski Kuskendrianto F 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Recent approaches to address more efficient method on storing hydrogen by using adsorbent materials has been done. The hydrogen adsorption on silicon has been studied through molecular dynamics simulations and experiment by researchers. We conducted molecular dynamics simulation using a Lennard-Jones potential to demonstrate the hydrogen adsorption capability of silicon surface (001) and (111) with various temperature applied. The amount of hydrogen adsorbed by silicon surfaces are higher as entropy of the system decreases. Without considering entropy, Si (111) has higher adsorption capability due to its lower energy surface than Si (001).