bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Automatic prostate segmentation based on fusion between deep network and variational methods
Authors: Tan Lu , Liang Antoni , Li Ling , Liu Wanquan , Kang Hanwen , Chen Chao 
Published: August 2019

BACKGROUND: Segmentation of prostate from magnetic resonance images (MRI) is a critical process for guiding prostate puncture and biopsy. Currently, the best results are obtained by Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). However, challenges still exist when applying CNN to segment prostate, such as data distribution issue caused by insubstantial and inconsistent intensity levels and vague boundaries in MRI. OBJECTIVE: To segment prostate gland from a MRI dataset including different prostate images with limited resolution and quality. METHODS: We propose and apply a global histogram matching approach to make intensity distribution of the MRI dataset closer to uniformity. To capture the real boundaries and improve segmentation accuracy, we employ a module of variational models to help improve performance. RESULTS: Using seven evaluation metrics to quantify improvements of our proposed fusion approach compared with the state of art V-net model resulted in increase in the Dice Coefficient (11.2%), Jaccard Coefficient (13.7%), Volumetric Similarity (12.3%), Adjusted Rand Index (11.1%), Area under ROC Curve (11.6%), and reduction of the Mean Hausdorff Distance (16.1%) and Mahalanobis Distance (2.8%). The 3D reconstruction also validates the advantages of our proposed framework, especially in terms of smoothness, uniformity, and accuracy. In addition, observations from the selected examples of 2D visualization show that our segmentation results are closer to the real boundaries of the prostate, and better represent the prostate shapes. CONCLUSIONS: Our proposed approach achieves significant performance improvements compared with the existing methods based on the original CNN or pure variational models.
PERNAFASAN BUTEYKO BERMANFAAT DALAM PENGONTROLAN ASMA
Authors: Juwita Lisavina , Sary Ine Permata 
Published: August 2019

<p><em>The epidemiological problems of mortality and morbidity of asthma still tend to be high, predicts that the current number of asthma patients in the world reaches 334 million people, continues to increase by 400 million people by 2025 and there are 250 thousand deaths from asthma including children</em><em> (WHO)</em><em>. The purpose of this study to determine the difference between controlling the asthma before and after the implementation of Buteyko breathing.</em><em> </em><em>This research uses Quasy Exsperiment design design with pretest </em><em>- </em><em>posttest.</em><em> </em><em>The population of this research are all patients suffering from asthma disease in Working Area of </em><em>Bukittinggi City Health Care Cente</em><em> 2018 which amounted to 44 people and the number of samples in the research is 15 people. Statistical test results obtained p value 0,000 means there is a difference between controlling the asthma before and after the implementation of respiratory Buteyko. </em><em>R</em><em>ecommend</em><em>ation</em><em> for the </em><em>Health Care Center Leader</em><em> to conduct socialization and training so that all nurses have the same ability in implementing breathing techniques Buteyko on asthma sufferers</em></p>
Analisis Dikursus Madura Dalam Akun Instagram @ExploreMadura
Authors: Firdaus Muhammad Rifky Yudha 
Published: August 2019

Akun Instagram @exploremadura adalah akun Instagram yang dibuat oleh sekelompok orang yang berasal dari Madura dan memiliki ketertarikan dibidang travelling. Akun ini memiliki keunikan tersendiri dibanding akun sejenis lainnya. Selain memuat informasi mengenai lokasi pariwisata, @exploremadura juga memuat berbagai macam keunikan budaya yang ada di pulau Madura dengan tujuan agar masyarakat memahami lebih dalam mengenai apa saja yang menjadikan Madura terlihat unik dan berbeda. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui diskursus Madura yang dibangun dalam akun Instagram @exploremadura. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitan kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi analisis wacana dari Teun Van Dijk. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan indepth interview kepada pengelola akun instagram @exploremadura dan dokumentasi dari beberapa postingan instagram yang memuat tentang pariwisata, kuliner, dan budaya Madura. Dengan perpaduan analisis teks, kognisi sosial, dan konteks sosial dari Teun Van Dijk, peneliti menyimpulkan bahwa akun instagram @exploremadura cukup berhasil memenuhi keinginannya untuk mengenalkan Madura dari segi pariwisata, budaya, dan kulinernya.
Akun Instagram @exploremadura adalah akun Instagram yang dibuat oleh sekelompok orang yang berasal dari Madura dan memiliki ketertarikan dibidang travelling. Akun ini memiliki keunikan tersendiri dibanding akun sejenis lainnya. Selain memuat informasi mengenai lokasi pariwisata, @exploremadura juga memuat berbagai macam keunikan budaya yang ada di pulau Madura dengan tujuan agar masyarakat memahami lebih dalam mengenai apa saja yang menjadikan Madura terlihat unik dan berbeda. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui diskursus Madura yang dibangun dalam akun Instagram @exploremadura. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitan kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi analisis wacana dari Teun Van Dijk. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan indepth interview kepada pengelola akun instagram @exploremadura dan dokumentasi dari beberapa postingan instagram yang memuat tentang pariwisata, kuliner, dan budaya Madura. Dengan perpaduan analisis teks, kognisi sosial, dan konteks sosial dari Teun Van Dijk, peneliti menyimpulkan bahwa akun instagram @exploremadura cukup berhasil memenuhi keinginannya untuk mengenalkan Madura dari segi pariwisata, budaya, dan kulinernya.
Assessment of Agreement between Pretest Probability Score and Summed Stress Score of Myocardial Perfusion Imaging in Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Rahman Sharmin , Salekin Mohammad Simoon , Mutsuddy Pupree , Ahmed Rezoana , Kanika Tasnia Kawser , Mushtary Khaleda , Sultana Sadia , Hussain Raihan 
Published: August 2019

Objectives: Cardiovascular diseases are considered an important cause of mortality & morbidity in many developing countries including Bangladesh. The first step in evaluating a patient with Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is the clinical assessment of pretest probability. American Heart Association/ American College of Cardiology (AHA/ACC) guidelines recommend the use of Diamond and Forrester Method (DFM) or Duke Clinical Score (DCS) for calculating Pretest Probability Score (PPS). Myocardial Perfusion study (MPI) can calculate the Summed Stress Score (SSS), an index obtained by adding the individual scores derived from the 17 segments. This study was performed to assess the agreement between the established PPS with SSS so that it can help in risk stratification.
Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was carried out in National Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Science (NINMAS), BSMMU from July 2016 to June 2017. A total of 89 suspected or known CAD patients were included in this study. PPS was calculated by Duke clinical scoring from brief clinical history. SSS was calculated by nuclear medicine software while performing Myocardial Perfusion Imaging (MPI). Statistical analyses were carried out by using the IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0.0 (IBM Corporation Software Group Somers, NY). Pearson correlation and Bland & Altman analyses were applied for assessing correlation and agreement between PPS and SSS. Degree of relation between variables is expressed by ‘r’ (Pearson’s correlation coefficient).
Results: The mean of PPS was found 14.73 ± 3.35 and that of SSS was found 16 ± 14.01. A positive correlation (r=0.108; p=0.312) between PPS and SSS. With Bland and Altman analysis, it was observed that mean difference of PPS and SSS was -1.27 ± 14.045. The limit of agreement ranged from -28.798 to 26.259. There was a positive correlation between PPS and SSS. Mean difference between the two scores was small. The bias between the scores was not significant. The differences within mean ± 1.96 SD were not statistically significant.
Conclusion: This study shows PPS and SSS can be used interchangeably. This analysis of agreement between PPS and SSS can further enhance prediction of CAD and upgrade the utilization of SSS for risk stratification in CAD patients, which will influence therapeutic management of the patients and play a major role to reduce cardiovascular mortality and morbidity.
Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 21(2): 73-76, July 2018
Evaluation of Transient Ischemic Dilation (TID) Ratio in Gated SPECT Myocardial Perfusion Imaging (MPI) with Pharmacological Stress Agents
Authors: Ahmed Rezoana , Rahman Sharmin , Begum Shamim Momtaz Ferdousi , Hussain Raihan 
Published: August 2019

Objectives: Transient ischemic dilation (TID) refers to an apparent increase in the size of the left ventricular cavity on stress myocardial perfusion imaging compared to rest imaging. This study was performed to correlate the value of TID ratio in gated SPECT MPI in Coronary Artery Disease (CAD).
Patients & Methods: Seventy-four suspected or known CAD patients underwent MPI performed with Tc-99m sestamibi. Single day stress - rest protocol with pharmacological stress was followed, according to established practicing protocol of NINMAS. A statistical analysis was carried out by using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 20.0 for Windows (SPSS Inc., Chicago, Illinois, USA). Student t-test was used for continuous variables. Chi-square test used to compare categorical data. P values <0.05 was considered as statistically significant.
Results: Among 74 patients, 63(85.1%) were male and 11(14.9%) were female. The mean age found to be 53.8±10.5 years. Majority (90.5%) patients had hypertension, 45(60.8%) had diabetic mellitus and 39(52.7%) had dyslipidemia in blood lipid profile, 44(59.5%) were past smoker. The mean ejection fraction was 44.6±14.6 percent. The mean abnormal TID ratio was 1.25 ± 0.35 in patients having abnormal MPI findings and 1.03±0.21 in having normal MPI findings. The difference was statistically significant (p<0.05) between two groups. It was also observed that in three cases having normal MPI had high TID ratio.Among the patients with TID ratio >1.19, 24(64.9%) patients were in MVD group and 13(92.9%) were in SVD group. Whereas among the patients with TID ratio<1.19, 13(35.1%) were in MVD group and 1(7.1%) were in SVD group. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05) between two groups. The mean TID ratio was 1.08±0.21 in single vessel disease and 1.24±0.26 in multiple vessel disease. The difference was also statistically significant (p<0.05) between two groups.
Conclusion: This study suggests that the TID ratios could provide incremental diagnostic information to standard myocardial perfusion analysis for the identification of severe and extensive disease in patients with suspected or known CAD.
Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 21(2): 77-80, July 2018
Survival Outcome in Patients with Cardiomyopathy Detected by Gated SPECT Myocardial Perfusion Imaging
Authors: Sarker Azmal Kabir , Nasreen Faria , Nisa Lutfun , Hussain Raihan , Hoque Harisul , Adhikary Dipol K 
Published: August 2019

Objective: Quantitative assessment of LV dysfunction and viability through gated SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging (GSMPI) in addition to being diagnostic surrogate of cardiomyopathy (CM), are being increasingly reported as a predictor of adverse outcome in CM. This study was conducted to investigate the survival outcome in patients diagnosed with CM by GSMPI at National Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences (NINMAS).
Patients and methods: Patients who underwent Tc-99m Sestamibi GSMPI at NINMAS from January 2007 to December 2009 and were diagnosed with CM were retrospectively included in the study. The GSMPI parameters of diagnosis of CM were a left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) at rest of less than 40% with a corresponding end diastolic left ventricular volume (EDV) of more than 130 ml. Telephonic interviews of those patients were conducted in the year 2015 to obtain their clinical follow up data.
Results: Fifty two patients (M/F=50/2) were diagnosed to have CM over a period of three years. Follow up data of 19 (M/F=18/1) patients with mean age 52.9±7.4 (38-65), EF 29.1±6.6 (18-39), EDV 211±45.4 (135-320) were available. Nine (47.4%) patients were alive at the time of follow up and 10 (52.6%) patients were found to be deceased. Thus, in this patient group one and five year survival was estimated to be 68 and 47%. Comparison of means of pretest probability score, GSMPI parameters of LV function and viability revealed no difference (p > 0.05) between survivors and non-survivors. Test of equality of survival distributions for management strategies revealed no difference either (Log Rank significance, p > 0.05).
Conclusions: Five year survival in this study group diagnosed with CM by GSMPI was 47% where pretest probability score, GSMPI parameters and management strategies were not associated with difference of survival.
Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 21(2): 81-86, July 2018
Effect of Single Dose of Radioiodine Therapy on Volume Reduction of Thyroid Gland in Hyperthyroidism
Authors: Khan Shamrukh , Alam Faridul , Begum Fatima , Sultana Sadia , Jabin Zeenat , Nahar Nurun 
Published: August 2019

Introduction: Radioactive iodine therapy (RAIT) in patients with hyperthyroidism (HT) causes apoptosis of thyrocytes to bring about restoration of thyroid function. The aim of the study was to find the short term extent of reduction of thyroid gland volume (TGV) by non-invasive quantitative assessment using ultrasound imaging (USG).
Patients and Methods: This prospective study was conducted on a group of patients who had received RAIT due to primary hyperthyroidism at National Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences (NINMAS). Pre-therapy work up included hormone assay and baseline measurement of TGV by US before administration of appropriate fixed dose RAIT. Short term follow-up with hormone assay and serial measurements of TGV on two occasions were done at three and six months following the RAIT. Observed temporal changes of parameters were analyzed using appropriate statistics.
Results: Total 117 patients with primary hyperthyroidism had received RAIT with diagnosis of diffuse toxic goiter in 86 patients, toxic multinodular goiter in 21 cases and single toxic nodular goiter in 10 cases. There was a decline of mean TGV from the baseline level of 24 ml to 14 ml at three months followed by a further decline to 9.1 ml at six months. Thus the volume reduction of thyroid gland was calculated to be 42% at three months and 62% at six months. The volume reduction was observed to be in a correlative trend with the normalization of hormone levels. The proportion of patients who showed persistent hyperthyroidism till the study end point was 23%.
Conclusion: Single dose of radioactive iodine therapy resulted in reduction of TGV up to 62% till six months after RAIT while 23% patients showed persistent hyperthyroidism. The correlative trend of volume reduction with normalization of hormone levels indicates potentiality of TGV to emerge as an adjunct to conventional assessment of treatment efficacy following RAIT.
Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 21(2): 87-91, July 2018
Delayed Citrus Stimulation and Prevention of Salivary Glands Damage in Patients of Thyroid Carcinoma Treated by Radioiodine Therapy
Authors: Reza Sharmin , Sultana Sadia , Begum Fatima , Perveen Rahima , Jabin Zeenat , Nahar Nurun , Alam Faridul 
Published: August 2019

Objective: It is well established that citrus stimulation has a definite role in preventing salivary gland damage after radioiodine therapy. The aim of this study was to observe how effectively this stimulation can be used to prevent salivary gland damage and whether the timing of sucking citrus substances play any role in preventing this damage more effectively.
Patients and Methods: A total of 128 differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) patients who received radioiodine treatment for thyroid carcinoma were divided into two groups- group-A and group-B. Group-A patients started citrus stimulation 1 hour after radioiodine ingestion and group-B patients started 24 hours after RAIT. Patients were followed-up at 5th day, 3rd month, and 6th month after RAIT. Follow up procedure consisted of physical examination and history of pain and swelling in salivary gland regions, taste dysfunction and dryness of mouth.
Result: The incidence of different types of salivary glands side effects and abnormal scan findings were significantly high in the group of patients who were advised to start citrus stimulation 1 h after radioiodine ingestion. On the other hand, patients who started citrus stimulation 24 h after RAIT suffered less from salivary gland side effects. Conclusion: This study showed that delayed initiation of citrus stimulation was more effective in reducing salivary gland damage after RAIT.
Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 21(2): 92-96, July 2018
Estimating the Shielding Requirements for a Newly Planned PET-CT Facility
Authors: Hossain Md Nahid , Mia Md Shohag , Biman Tanvir Ahmed , Hussain Raihan , Kabir Mohammed Fazlul 
Published: August 2019

Positron Emission Tomography (PET) combined with Computed Tomography (CT) is a powerful and very sensitive diagnostic tool that integrates functional and anatomical imaging into one combined scanning system. Positron emission tomography is based on the characteristic way in which positrons annihilate by combining with an electron. This process usually results in the emission of two 511 KeV photons which travel in opposite directions. These 511 KeV annihilation photons are much higher energy than other diagnostic radiations. Because of this high energy of the annihilation radiation, shielding requirements for a PET facility are different from most of the other diagnostic imaging facilities and it’s a very important consideration in the design of a PET or PET-CT imaging facility. As a result, significant shielding may be required in floors and ceilings as well as adjacent walls in a PET-CT facility. In this work we present the estimation of the shielding requirements for a newly planned PET-CT facility. Shielding calculations of adjacent walls were presented for both controlled and uncontrolled areas. Formulas were used to calculate the shielding materials following the basic AAPM (American Association of Physicists in Medicine) guidelines. This mathematical analysis of the shielding estimation is very important for a newly planned PET-CT facility. Adequate safe planning with vendor, facility architect and a qualified medical physicist are essential to make a cost effective and safe design while maintaining radiation safety standards with regulatory limits.
Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 21(2): 102-107, July 2018
A Case Report on Parathyroid Carcinoma: A Diagnostic Dilemma
Authors: Yasmin Farida , Rahman Hosne Ara , Sharmin Samira , Uddin Monir 
Published: August 2019

Parathyroid Carcinoma is a rare cause of primary hyperparathyroidism. Pre-operative diagnosis remains a challenge. Here we report a case referred to us for suspicious goiter with hypercalcemia. Cytological findings suggested it to a possible thyroid mass rather than parathyroid neoplasm. Serum parathormone level was high and the patient underwent surgery. Histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of parathyroid carcinoma. A diagnostic approach to parathyroid neoplasm, combining multimodality imaging and clinico-pathologic features, is discussed.
Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 21(2): 122-124, July 2018
Changes of microbial load in packet orange juice after expiration date
Authors: Feroz Farahnaaz 
Published: August 2019

Fruit juice is popular product in the markets worldwide, with a market potential of approximately 230 million liters. Fruit juice although nutritious and beneficial for health can also serve as a vehicle for foodborne diseases. Most commercially available products are labelled with a use by date. These are applicable at a consumer and food handler levels, instructing them on the amount of days after opening within which a product must be consumed. It is important to identify the changes that occur after expiration date to have a better understanding of when food spoilage occurs and how long foods may be preserved, in order to reduce food wastage. The current study attempted to identify the changes that occur in orange juice after the expiration date printed on the product packaging. One to seven days after expiration results showed very little change. Increase in the microbial load was observed after day 14, after which a steady increase was observed in total viable bacteria, fungus, E. coli, and Staphylococcus spp. No changes were observed in other examined organisms.
Stamford Journal of Microbiology, Vol.8(1) 2018: 27-29
Pengaruh Due Professional Care, Kompleksitas Audit, dan Integritas Auditor terhadap Kualitas Audit pada Kantor Akuntan Publik di Medan
Authors: Yenny Yenny , Verawati Verawati , Sherine Sherine , Mestika Devy , Betterment Sitepu Wilsa Road , Dinarianti Rika 
Published: August 2019

Kantor Akuntan Publik saat ini sangat dibutuhkan di Indonesia. Untuk memenuhi kepentingan para pengguna atas kewajaran informasi keuangan, maka dibutuhkan pihak Kantor Akuntan Publik yang professional dan juga independen dalam memeriksa laporan keuangan. Oleh karena itu, kantor akuntan publik dijadikan sebagai objek penelitian. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Due Professional Care, Kompleksitas Audit, dan Integrtias Auditor terhadap Kualitas Audit pada Kantor Akuntan Publik di Medan. Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer berupa jawaban-jawaban responden dari pengumpulan hasil data kuesioner. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode sampling purposive dalam penentuan sampel dan terdapat total populasi 8 Kantor Akuntan Publik yang terdiri dari 90 sampel yang memenuhi kriteria. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis regresi linear berganda. Hasil dari penelitian ini memberikan bukti secara empiris bahwa Due Professional Care dan Integritas Auditor berpengaruh signifikan dan positif terhadap Kualitas Audit. Tetapi Kompleksitas Audit berpengaruh signifikan dan negatif terhadap Kualitas Audit.