bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychological distress among students in Egypt and Jordan during the initial months of the Gaza war
Authors: Hendawy Mohamed , Abouzid Mohamed , Gamal Aliaa , Ghanayem Aseel , Amer Muna , Tanashat Mohammad , Eltewacy Nael Kamel , Mohamed Mohamed Mustafa , Nada Eman Ayman , Ibrahim Ismail A. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Psychological distress has significantly impacted students in Egypt and Jordan. These countries have faced many challenges, including the COVID-19 pandemic, the fallout from the conflict in Syria, and the war in Ukraine. These crises have had far-reaching consequences, affecting the economy, food security, and energy supplies, particularly with the increased number of refugees in these countries. Amid these existing complexities, the ongoing war in Gaza further exacerbates the situation, compounding mental health challenges. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze how the war in Gaza impacted the mental health of students in Egypt and Jordan.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study involving students from Egypt and Jordan between December 2023 and January 2024. The questionnaire incorporated the Brief Symptom Inventory 18 (BSI-18) to assess the overall general distress score, as well as the domains of anxiety, somatization, and depression.

Results
A total of 1509 Jordanian and Egyptian students were included in the study, of which 66% were female. Approximately 18% of the students had an elevation (≥ 50) in their BSI-18 total score. Females scored significantly higher in general distress [30 (18–44.25) vs. 24 (11–41), p < 0.001], and all three dimensions. The univariate predictors for elevated general distress (≥ 50) were being Egyptian (OR 1.49, 95% CI 1.08 to 2.08, p = 0.014), watching social media multiple times a day (OR 3.04, 95% CI 1.97 to 4.69, p < 0.001), and having a Palestinian connection (friend, neighbor, colleague, or relative) (OR 1.63, 95% CI 1.23 to 2.16, p < 0.001). These three predictors were retained in the backward stepwise multivariate regression analysis model. The univariate predictors for moderate and marked general distress (≥ 57) were watching social media multiple times a day (OR 3.26, 95% CI 1.78 to 5.99, p < 0.001) and having a Palestinian connection (OR 1.49, 95% CI 1.05 to 2.14, p = 0.026). Only the former was retained in the backward stepwise multivariate regression analysis.

Conclusion
General distress has increased among students in Egypt and Jordan throughout the War in Gaza. Mental, psychological, and social support activities are necessary for these students, particularly those watching social media multiple times daily. The development of coping skills to manage the additional stressors of war and socioeconomic status necessitates further research within this group of students.
Single-cell transcriptomes reveal spermatogonial stem cells and the dynamic heterogeneity of spermatogenesis in a seasonal breeding teleost
Authors: Yang Yang , Zhou Yinan , Wessel Gary , Hu Weihua , Xu Dongdong 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
Seasonal spermatogenesis in fish is driven by spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs), which undergo a complex cellular process to differentiate into mature sperm. In this study, we characterized spermatogenesis in the large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea), a marine fish of significant commercial value, based on a high-resolution single-cell RNA-sequencing atlas of testicular cells from three distinct developmental stages: juvenile, adult differentiating and regressed testes. We detailed a continuous developmental trajectory of spermatogenic cells, from spermatogonia to spermatids, elucidating the molecular events involved in spermatogenesis. We uncovered dynamic heterogeneity in cellular compositions throughout the annual reproductive cycle, accompanied by strong molecular signatures within specific testicular cells. Notably, we identified a distinct population of SSCs and observed a critical metabolic transition from glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation, enhancing our understanding of the biochemical and molecular characteristics of SSCs. Additionally, we elucidated the interactions between somatic cells and spermatogonia, illuminating the mechanisms that regulate SSC development. Overall, this work enhances our understanding of spermatogenesis in seasonal breeding teleosts and provides essential insights for the further conservation and culture of SSCs.
Clinical effects of debulking surgery combined with neoadjuvant chemotherapy in treating ovarian cancer and its influence on tumor markers and immune function
Authors: Yan Huijuan , Wang Weiwei , Wang Shengchao , Yan Chunmei , Zhu Li 
Published: November 2024

Objective: Exploring the clinical efficacy of tumor cell reduction combined with neoadjuvant chemotherapy in treatment of ovarian cancer.
Methods: Retrospective analysis was conducted of one hundred patients with advanced ovarian cancer at Yellow River Sanmenxia Hospital from January 2017 to December 2022. They were divided into control group and observation group based on treatment methods, with 50 cases in each group. The control group was treated with tumor cell reduction surgery, the observation group treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy and tumor cell reduction surgery. The surgical related conditions, clinical treatment effects, tumor markers, cellular immune function levels, quality of life, and adverse reactions were compared.
Results: The observation group had shorter surgical and hospitalization times, with less intraoperative blood loss and abdominal fluid accumulation compared to control group (P<0.05). The serum levels in both groups of patients were significantly reduced, and observation group had a higher degree of decrease (P<0.05). The levels of cellular immune function levels in both groups improved significantly, and observation group showed more significant improvement (P<0.05). The total efficacy of observation group patients was 72.00%, higher than control group’s 52.00% (P<0.05). The SS-QOL scores of both groups of patients improved significantly, and the degree of improvement in observation group was significant (P<0.05).
Conclusion: The combination of tumor cell reduction surgery and neoadjuvant chemotherapy for ovarian cancer can significantly shorten surgical and hospitalization time, inhibit tumor marker expression, improve patient immune function and quality of life.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.11.9337
How to cite this: Yan H, Wang W, Wang S, Yan C, Zhu L. Clinical effects of debulking surgery combined with neoadjuvant chemotherapy in treating ovarian cancer and its influence on tumor markers and immune function. Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(11):2475-2479. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.11.9337
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Influence of Sports Intervention on the Mental Health of College Students in the Background of COVID-19 :A Systematic Review
Authors: Yang Yi , Wu Changhong , Sun Liang , Wang Chuanqiushui , Luo Jiong 
Published: November 2024

Objective: This review aims to understand the mental health status of college students during the popularity of covid-19, and explore the impact of sports intervention on College Students' mental health and its path mechanism through a literature review. Methods: According to PRISMA 2020 guidelines, this paper searched the literature on the Sports College Students' Mental Health from 2019 to 2022 in PubMed, web of science, CNKI, and dimensional spectrum database. Results: 64 research papers were included for comprehensive analysis. Conclusions: Sport interventions as an important means for the regulation of the development of the mental health of the college students. Sport intervention improves cognitive functioning, emotional state, interpersonal relationships, and self-efficacy in college students and is an important strategy for dealing with public health emergencies. Sport intervention therapy is recommended as one of the important means to prevent mental health problems among college students.
The value of serum cystatin c in predicting acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Peng PeiQiang , Fu Xiao Chen , Wang YueTing , Zheng XuFei , Bian Linfang , Zhati Nuer , Zhang Shuang , Wei Wei 
Published: November 2024

Objective
This study aims to review relevant research and assess the diagnostic value of serum cystatin C (CysC) for post-cardiac surgery acute kidney injury (PCSAKI).

Method
We searched databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, WanFang, CNKI, VIP) for literature published up to January 10, 2024. Quality was assessed using Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 (QUADAS-2). Extracted data from eligible studies and summarized sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC) values.

Results
A total of 24 studies involving 3,427 patients were included. The estimated diagnostic sensitivity of CysC for PCSAKI was 0.67 (95% CI, 0.57–0.76), with a specificity of 0.87 (95% CI, 0.81–0.91). The positive likelihood ratio (+LR) was 5.17 (95% CI, 3.45–7.73), and the negative likelihood ratio (-LR) was 0.38 (95% CI, 0.28–0.51). The diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) was 14 (95% CI, 7–26), the diagnostic score (DS) was 2.62 (95% CI, 1.99–3.24), and AUC was 0.86 (95% CI, 0.83–0.89). The sub-analysis results indicate that gender distribution, serum storage temperature, CysC detection method, and detection time all have a significant impact on sensitivity and specificity.

Conclusion
CysC has high specificity and good sensitivity in diagnosing PCSAKI during the perioperative period, with better detection results 24 hours before surgery, making it suitable for early detection. However, whether and how CysC is commonly used in clinical diagnosis still requires further research and clinical trials.
Distinct risk groups with different healthcare barriers and acute care use exist in the U.S. population with chronic liver disease
Authors: Wong Carrie R. , Crespi Catherine M. , Glenn Beth , Han Steven-Huy B. , Macinko James A. , Bastani Roshan 
Published: November 2024

Background
The relationship between community-based healthcare barriers and risk of recurrent hospital-based care among persons with chronic liver disease (CLD) is understudied. We aimed to uncover distinct groups among adults in the United States with CLD based on healthcare barriers and risk-stratify recurrent acute care use by group.

Methods
Using National Health Interview Survey (2011 to 2017) data, we performed latent class analysis (LCA) to uncover groups experiencing distinct sets of healthcare barriers. We assessed sociodemographic and health characteristics and probabilities of recurrent acute care use by group.

Results
The sample included 5,062 (estimated 4.7 million) adults with CLD (median [range] age 55 [18–85]). LCA modeling differentiated 4 groups: minimal barriers (group 1) (n = 3,953; 78.1%), unaffordability (group 2) (n = 540; 10.7%), care delays (group 3) (n = 328; 6.5%), and inability to establish care (group 4) (n = 240; 4.8%). Group 2 had the most uninsured persons (n = 210; 38.9%), whereas group 3 was mostly insured (n = 305; 93.1%). Group 4 included the most adults under 65 years old (n = 220; 91.7%), females (n = 156; 65.1%), and persons with unemployment (n = 169; 70.6%) and poverty (n = 85; 35.3%). Compared to group 1, the likelihood of recurrent acute care use was highest for group 4 (aOR, 1.85; 95% CI, 1.23–2.79 followed by group 3 (aOR, 1.50; 95% CI, 1.07–2.11) and group 2 (aOR, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.11–1.97).

Conclusion
US adults with CLD can be categorized into 4 distinct groups based on healthcare barriers, which are associated with different probabilities of recurrent acute care use. Findings from this study are important for future interventions to reduce potentially avoidable hospital-based care among the highest-risk persons with CLD.
Novel Use of EndoFLIP to Characterize Kock Pouch Stricture Before and After Endoscopic Intervention
Authors: Choy Alexa M. , Pomenti Sydney , Katzka David A. , Shen Bo 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
Stricture formation is a common complication after restorative proctocolectomy and Kock pouch surgery. Endoluminal functional lumen imaging probe (EndoFLIP) is a balloon catheter device that uses impedance planimetry to provide luminal pressure and dimension measurements. This case describes the first use of EndoFLIP to quantify the distensibility and diameter of a Kock pouch stricture before and after endoscopic balloon dilation and needle knife stricturotomy. EndoFLIP may be useful to more accurately define and quantify the technical success of endoscopic treatment of pouch strictures.
Commutants of the sum of two quasihomogeneous Toeplitz operators
Authors: Bouhali Aissa , Louhichi Issam 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
A major open question in the theory of Toeplitz operator on the Bergman space of the unit disk of the complex plane is the complete characterization of the set of all Toeplitz operators that commute with a given operator. Researchers showed that when a sum

S
=

T

e

i
m
θ

f

+

T

e

i
l
θ

g

S={T}_{{e}^{im\theta }f}+{T}_{{e}^{il\theta }g}

, where

f

f

and

g

g

are radial functions, commutes with a sum

T
=

T

e

i
p
θ

r

(

2
M
+
1

)

p

+

T

e

i
s
θ

r

(

2
N
+
1

)

s

T={T}_{{e}^{ip\theta }{r}^{\left(2M+1)p}}+{T}_{{e}^{is\theta }{r}^{\left(2N+1)s}}

, then

S

S

must be of the form

S
=
c
T

S=cT

, where

c

c

is a constant. In this article, we will replace

r

(

2
M
+
1

)

p

{r}^{\left(2M+1)p}

and

r

(

2
N
+
1

)

s

{r}^{\left(2N+1)s}

with

r

n

{r}^{n}

and

r

d

{r}^{d}

, where

n

n

and

d

d

are in

N

{\mathbb{N}}

, and we will show that the same result holds.
Micro-mechanical tests on tissue slices of Norway spruce: tensile and shear performance
Authors: Ferrara Alessia , Wittel Falk K. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The characterization of the wood behavior at the tissue scale is still scarcely explored compared with the macroscopic scale, especially for shear. This work focuses on the mechanical properties of tissue samples of Norway spruce (Picea abies). Tensile and shear tests were conducted in different anatomical directions and relative humidity (RH) levels. The results provide insights into the distinct behaviors of early- and latewood and their combination within growth rings, showing the significant impact of RH on performance.
A cross-sectional survey of the safety attitudes questionnaire subscale stress recognition and the effect of non-technical skills training in operating theatre staff
Authors: Leuschner Sebastian , Schenk Philipp , Gräbsch Carolin , Siemers Frank 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Non-technical skills (NTS) training of surgical staff is a quality improvement measure to improve patient safety. One factor that can compromise patient safety is impaired staff performance due to stressors such as tiredness. Awareness of the impact of such stressors is measured by the stress recognition (SR) domain of the Safety Attitudes Questionnaire (SAQ). The aim of this study was to assess whether NTS training improves SR scores and whether there are any groups with divergent SR scores.

Methods
A cross-sectional survey of all operating theatre staff in a German major trauma centre was undertaken using the stress recognition (SR) subscale of the SAQ. A multivariable linear regression was performed to assess which factors are associated with SR scores. Data are presented as median (interquartile range).

Results
From 226 invited staff members, 89 responses (39 %) were received. Twenty-eight respondents (31 %) had attended NTS training. The overall SR score was 4.3 (3.5–4.5). There was no effect of NTS training, age, gender, profession, or specialty on SR scores. Physicians in leadership positions had lower SR scores (3.4 (3.06–4.0)) than physicians without leadership positions (4.5 (4.3–5.0), p<0.001).

Conclusions
Attendance at NTS training courses did not improve SR scores in the clinical staff of operating theatres of a German major trauma centre. Interestingly, physicians in leadership positions had lower SR scores than other physicians. Further studies using the SAQ should discriminate between physicians in leadership positions and other physicians when reporting SR scores.
Laboratory experimental of ballast–bituminous–latex–roving (Ballbilar) layer for conventional rail track structure
Authors: Setiawan Dian M. , Arifan Rusdi Sahla , Ghani Syafiq Abdul , Galihajiningtresna Wilsamilia Nurizki , Rahmawati Anita , Saleh Alfian , Syah Aminudin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Ballast structures continue to be utilized in Indonesia’s railway system. They are essential for conventional railway lines, which experience high levels of stress and are susceptible to damage from train traffic. This study examined the utilization of a pressure test machine and sieve analysis to determine the abrasion value of ballast made of 60/70 penetration asphalt with a binder and stabilizer material consisting of a mixture of latex and roving fiber. The test results revealed that the compressive strength of the ballast structure was positively affected by the addition of asphalt, latex, and roving fiber. However, when comparing the compressive strengths of the two ballast structures, the ballast structure with 2% asphalt and 3% latex generated superior results to that with 4% asphalt and 1% latex. In other words, asphalt, as opposed to latex, was more effective in protecting ballast material from abrasion.
Numerical investigation of in-band pumped holmium-doped fluoride fiber laser operating at 2.1 µm
Authors: Khamis Mustafa A. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In this study, the theoretical model of in-band pumped holmium-doped fluoride fiber laser was numerically investigated. A holmium-doped fluoride fiber is promoted for laser operating at 2.1 µm. The proposed model is based on the fundamental properties of a holmium doped fluoroindate glasses and parameters obtained from the previously published results. The model was simulated via a cladding pumped system at 2.051 µm pumping wavelength. Good validation between the suggested model with the previously published experimental measurements was achieved with considering the main transfer processes such as energy up-conversion transition and cross relaxation process. The numerical analysis indicated that the energy transfer up-conversion has a negative effect on the laser performance while the cross relaxation process causes significant enhancement on the performance of in-band pumped holmium doped fluoride fiber laser.
Comments on Jens Timmermann’s
Kant’s Will at the Crossroads: An Essay on the Failings of Practical Rationality
Authors: Liu Zuo 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Jens Timmermann challenges the prevailing view that Kant held an intellectualist conception of moral failure, instead arguing that there are two distinct types of practical failure within Kantian ethics. The first type belongs to the domain of hypothetical imperatives, the second to the domain of categorical imperatives. The former can be regarded as an epistemological failure, while the latter is a failure of the will and is ultimately inexplicable. On his view, Kant therefore held a hybrid theory of practical failure. I disagree with Timmermann’s explanation, and this for two reasons. First, Timmermann follows Socrates in denying the impossibility of incontinence in the prudential realm. In reality, however, there are many situations where the agent knows that an action will contribute to his happiness but fails to do so. In other words, there is such a thing as incontinence with regard to hypothetical imperatives. Second, Timmermann’s interpretation is based on the basic assumption that hypothetical imperatives are the embodiment not of freedom but of heteronomy. However, Timmermann sometimes admits that we act freely in the pursuit of happiness. Hypothetical imperatives, in my view, are also the embodiment of human freedom because they are the activity of the human will.
Case-mismatching versus D-linking of ATB wh-questions in Korean
Authors: Kim Jeong-Seok , Kim Yoo-Jeong , Lee Jee Young 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This study explores how conjunct locus and D(iscourse)-linking can improve the acceptability of Korean across-the-board (ATB) wh-questions that violate the case-match requirement of wh-fillers. A 2 × 2 design is employed – involving Korean ATB wh-questions with the first-conjunct or second-conjunct case-mismatches and with bare or D-linked wh-phrases. The results show that the first-conjunct case-licensing of a wh-filler is crucial when the wh-filler is bare, as reconstruction into the first conjunct is allowed while reconstruction into the second is not. Meanwhile, the first-conjunct case-licensing of a wh-filler is not crucial when the wh-filler is D-linked. More precisely, D-linking improves the acceptability of syntactically ill-formed ATB wh-questions which violate the first-conjunct case-licensing requirement of a wh-filler, but it does not improve the acceptability of syntactically well-formed ATB wh-questions. These results thus suggest that the amelioration effect of D-linking only occurs as a last resort when the acceptability of ATB wh-questions is degraded due to a violation of certain grammatical principles.
Neuronale Netze zur Startwertschätzung bei der Identifikation piezoelektrischer Materialparameter
Authors: Koch Kevin , Claes Leander , Jurgelucks Benjamin , Meihost Lars 
Published: November 2024

Zusammenfassung
In diesem Beitrag wird ein Ansatz zur Identifikation eines vollständigen Satzes piezoelektrischer Materialparameter basierend auf der Messung der elektrischen Impedanz anhand eines einzelnen Probekörpers durch Lösung eines inversen Problems vorgestellt. Vorangegangene Arbeiten zeigen, dass die Regularisierung des zur Lösung eingesetzten Optimierungsverfahrens aufgrund der großen Anzahl an zu bestimmenden Materialparametern anspruchsvoll ist. Darauf aufbauend wird vorgestellt, inwiefern datenbasierte Methoden des maschinellen Lernens zu einer robusteren und effizienteren Lösung des inversen Problems beitragen können. Insbesondere eine verbesserte Startwertschätzung für den gradientenbasierten Optimierungsprozess basierend auf einem neuronalen Netz steht im Mittelpunkt dieses Beitrags. Dieses Netz wird mithilfe synthetischer Daten trainiert und approximiert die Inverse eines Simulationsmodells für die elektrische Impedanz bei gegebenen piezoelektrischen Materialparametern. Die synthetischen Trainingsdaten werden generiert, indem ein klassisches Simulationsmodell, das auch für die Lösung des inversen Problems eingesetzt wird, ausreichend oft mit randomisierten Materialparametern ausgewertet wird. Mithilfe des neuronalen Netzes werden Werte für Materialparameter bestimmt, die, basierend auf einer Auswertung der Zielfunktion des inversen Problems, das physikalische Verhalten besser beschreiben als die in vorangegangenen Arbeiten verwendeten, analytisch ermittelten Werte. Dadurch kann die Komplexität und der Rechenaufwand des anschließenden Optimierungsverfahrens signifikant reduziert werden.
Efficiency of a new type of plasticizer for cementing solutions
Authors: Orlovskyi Vitalii , Bileckyy Volodymyr , Malovanyy Myroslav 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAs of today, oil and gas wells are 6,000 m deep or more. In view of this, increased requirements are imposed on the grouting materials used in wells. Grouting fluids must have rheological properties with low values of dynamic shear stress (τ) and plastic viscosity (η). Reducing the values of τ and η will provide a turbulent flow regime of cementing fluids, which is favourable in terms of complete replacement of the washing fluid with the cementing fluid. In the course of the research, it was found that the Melamine-Formaldehyde Anionic-active Resin superplasticiser is a reagent that has a multifunctional effect on cementing dispersions. This makes it possible to use it in difficult geological and technical conditions for well cementing.