bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Domestic Violence among Female Psychiatric Patients in Ain Shams University Hospitals
Authors: Abdel-Samei Afaf Mohammad , Mohamed Hashem Reem El-Sayed , Mohammad Rehab Serag , Mohammad Doaa Ibrahim Eid 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Domestic violence can be defined as “any incident of threatening behavior, violence or abuse (psychological, physical, sexual, financial or emotional) between adults who are or have been an intimate partner or family member, regardless of gender or sexuality” and is one of the most common forms of interpersonal violence internationally.

Objective
To assess the rate of domestic violence in a sample of female psychiatric patients. To assess the correlation between domestic violence and sociodemographic and clinical correlates.

Patients and Methods
Study was conducted in outpatient psychiatric services in Okasha institute of psychiatry Ain Shams University Hospitals. Ain Shams University is in Cairo and serves a catchment area of about the third of Greater Cairo. It serves both urban and rural areas, including areas around Greater Cairo as well. (Clinics are Saturday, Sunday, Wednesday, and Thursday of each week).

Results
There was significant correlation between exposure to all subtypes of violence (emotional, physical, severe combined abuse, and harassment) and different psychiatric illnesses. Exposure was more to emotional abuse (85.5%), then physical abuse (67%), followed by severe combined abusr (65.5%), and then harassment (45.5%). It was found that there was significant correlation between exposure to severe combined abuse and exposure to physical abuse with different psychiatric diagnoses with P-value of &lt; 0.001 in all of them. Similarly, there was significant correlation between exposure to emotional abuse and different psychiatric illnesses with P-value of 0.001. There was also significant correlation between exposure to harassment and different psychiatric illnesses with P-value of 0.036.

Conclusion
Our study concluded significant correlation between different psychiatric illnesses and exposure to domestic violence.
Demographics and Clinical Assessment of Familial Multiple Sclerosis Patients in Ain Shams University Hospitals
Authors: Abdelaziz Azza Abdel Nasser , ElSayed Lobna Mohammed ElNabil , Swelam Mahmoud Saad , Eldin Nouran Mohammed Salah , Hamada Hadeer Samir Ahmed 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most seen demyelinating disease. The exact cause of MS is still uncertain; many genes significantly increase the disease susceptibility along with several well-defined environmental factors. Genetic factors play an important role in the pathogenesis and clinical presentations of MS.

Aim of the Work
This study aims to detect the prevalence of familial multiple sclerosis among Egyptian patients suffering from MS at Ain Shams University hospitals, to register the demographics and the clinical characteristics of familial multiple sclerosis patients and to demonstrate the effect of inheritance on the severity and progression.

Patients and Methods
This study aimed to detect the prevalence of familial multiple sclerosis among Egyptian patients suffering from MS at Ain Shams University hospitals, to register the demographics and the clinical characteristics of familial multiple sclerosis patients and to demonstrate the effect of inheritance on the severity and progression. The current study showed that the prevalence of familial multiple sclerosis among MS Egyptian at Ain Shams University hospitals was 6,4%. Female to male percentages were found to be (73.8%) to (26.2%) respectively.

Results
The mean age of onset among the FMS cases was found to be (26.1±7.8). The mean time elapsed between symptoms onset and diagnosis was found to be (19.9±34.0) months and it was found that time from disease onset to MS diagnosis is significantly shorter in the 2nd and 3rd family-members diagnosed in familial cases compared to 1st family member diagnosed with MS. Regarding focality of presentation at the first attack, in this study there was found that monofocal presentation was more common than multifocal presentation (64.4%). The current study also showed that affection of the pyramidal functional system is significantly the most frequent in cases with an affected relative of first degree while it was least frequent in cases with an affected relative of third-degree consanguinity. Sensory affection in the first attack was the most common functional system affected. Most of the familial MS cases showed relapsing remitting pattern of the disease (76.6%) that was followed by SPMS (20.9%) and the least frequent form was PPMS (2.3%) with no significant relation between the degree of consanguinity between the relatives affected within the same family and the pattern of progression of the disease.

Conclusion
The number of exacerbations per year in the studied cases was 0.9±0.8 and the mean MSSS of the studied cases was (4.9±2.5) and there were significant agreement between type in cases and relatives indicating that the presence of a family member diagnosed with a certain MS clinical phenotype can be a predictor to the clinical phenotype in the patient calling for special consideration to the choice of treatment for the patient.
Impulsivity in Euthymic Patients with Unipolar and Bipolar Disorders
Authors: Okasha Tarek Ahmed , Missiry Marwa Adel El , Mohamed Mohamed Youssef , Aboshahin Heba Ashraf Wageh 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
There is marked interest to research to find out the differences between unipolar and bipolar depression. Consequently we aimed to study impulsivity in euthymic unipolar and bipolar patients to find any difference.

Aim of the Work
Comparing impulsivity in euthymic major depressive and bipolar patients and healthy controls, to find out if these two different disorders have different impulsivity profiles. To find any clinical correlation with impulsivity scores in unipolar and bipolar patients.

Subjects and Methods
It is a cross sectional case-control study of 50 euthymic unipolar and bipolar patients and25 matched healthy controls. They were subjected to: Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV disorders, (SCID-I) to ascertain clinical diagnosis, Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS), Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD) to validate euthymia. Barratt impulsiveness scale. Also general health questionnaire is applied for controls to exclude any psychiatric disorder and an information sheet gathering patient data was done.

Results
Regarding barratt impulsiveness subscales, the most affected group with non-planning impulsivity was unipolar depression group with Mean± SD (29.88±3.94). while regarding attentional impulsivity, unipolar and bipolar depression groups were similarly affected with Mean± SD (19.4±3.8). While regarding motor impulsivity the most affected group was bipolar depression group with Mean± SD (30.56±4.49).

Conclusions
Analysis of Barratt impulsiveness scale in our study revealed that the unipolar and bipolar groups scored almost the same on total impulsivity measures. The most affected group with non-planning impulsivity was unipolar depression group while regarding motor impulsivity, the most affected group with motor impulsivity was bipolar depression group. Regarding attentions impulsivity, unipolar and bipolar depression groups were similarly affected.
Clinical, Radiological and B Cell Count Follow Up of Egyptian Patients with Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder on Rituximab Therapy
Authors: Masoud Janet , Nasser Azza Abdel , Saleh Rasha Mamdouh , Zamzam Dina A , Fouad Mohamed M , Abdel Hafeez Mohamed A 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder is an uncommon chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system, manifesting clinically as optic neuritis, myelitis, and certain brain and brainstem syndromes. Rituximab targets the CD20 antigen on B-cells and leads to profound B-cell depletion, principally over an antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity mechanism and decreases attack frequency and severity in patients with NMOSD. This study aimed to assess the correlation between clinical, radiological findings and the count of peripheral circulating B cells (CD 19) during rituximab treatment over 12 months. It included 15 Egyptian adult patients diagnosed with NMOSD.

Results
There was a predominance of women with female: male ratio 2:1. AQP4- IgG antibody was detected in 65% of the patients. The mean age was 36.47 years, mean duration of illness was 3.71 years. MRI of brain showed no abnormality in 82% of patients. Cord MRI showed single lesion in 59% and multiple lesions in 41%. Visual evoked potential showed that most of patients have optic nerve affection either unilateral or bilateral. Median CD19 B cell percentage depleted significantly from 7.3 to 0.2 after treatment. No serious adverse event was encountered in our patients; 35% developed either hypersensitivity or mild infections.

Conclusion
The effect of rituximab treatment on B cells has no correlation with clinical or radiological outcome of patients.
The Relationship between Multiple Sclerosis Relapse Recovery and Blood Glucose Response to Intravenous Methylprednisolone
Authors: Abd El-Aziz Azza Abd El-Nasser , Nassef Ayman Mohamed Ahmed , El- Hafeez Mohammed Aly Abd , Michael Joseph Francis Gerges 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
The study investigated the relationship between random blood sugar (RBS) levels and clinical outcomes in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) following intravenous methylprednisolone (IVMP) treatment.

Objective
Determine the relationship between blood glucose level during intravenous methylprednisolone (IVMP) treatment and the degree of motor & cognitive recovery afterwards in relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis patient.

Subjects and Methods
This observational analytical prospective study was conducted on 40 patients with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) at Nasr city hospital of health insurance – Ain Shams University Hospital between May 2022 and November 2022. The study population was adults with confirmed diagnosis of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis who are currently experiencing a relapse. Patients with other neurological diseases, cognitive disorders, diabetes, certain medications, learning disabilities, or who are pregnant or using hormone replacement therapy are excluded. The study tools for this study include a clinical assessment of MS patients, the use of the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) to assess motor deficit, the use of the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) to assess cognitive function, and the measurement of fasting blood glucose. The purpose of these study tools is to assess the effects of IVMP induced hyperglycemia on motor & cognitive relapse recovery in relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis patients.

Results
The study sample included 40 patients with definite RRMS, and the primary outcome measure was EDSS. The study found that hyperglycemia may be a potential predictor of poor treatment response in MS patients. The study also identified cut-off values for RBS levels that can predict the probability of recovery after IVMP treatment. The significant relationship between older age of onset and poorer SDMT performance supports previous research that has found age to be a risk factor for cognitive decline in MS. Similarly, the significant relationship between longer duration of illness and poorer SDMT performance is consistent with previous studies that have found disease duration to be a predictor of cognitive impairment in MS.

Conclusion
The present study provides further evidence of the association between hyperglycemia and poor outcomes in patients with RRMS following IVMP treatment. The findings suggest that RBS levels may be a useful prognostic marker for predicting cognitive and functional outcomes in MS patients. Clinicians should consider monitoring and managing RBS levels in MS patients to optimize treatment outcomes. However, further studies are needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and to determine the optimal cut-off values for RBS levels in predicting MS outcomes.
Effect of Dalfamperidine on Cognitive Impairment, Gait Disorders and Fatigue in Multiple Sclerosis Patients
Authors: Abdeldayem Mai , Shalash Ali , Hamid Eman , Abusteit Alaa , Hamed Salma , Nasser Azza Abdel 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is one of the most common disabling diseases of the Central Nervous System (CNS) especially during early adult life. Walking impairment is considered one of the most disabling symptoms to patient with MS. The only approved treatment for impaired ambulation in MS is Dalfampridine.

Objective
To investigate the effect of dalfampridine on gait, cognitive functions and fatigue in Egyptian patients with multiple sclerosis.

Methods
This randomized double blinded placebo-controlled study was conducted on 100 patients with multiple sclerosis undergoing assessment for cognition, gait and fatigue.

Results
Baseline characteristics of dalfampridine group significantly showed more infratentorial lesions in MRI and lesser use of symptomatic treatment compared to placebo group. Along with visuospatial functions that was better in placebo group and even though this current study showed significant improvement in dalfampridinegroup better than placebo as concluded by increased endpoint (mean difference) between two groups.

Conclusions
dalfampridine may has role in improvement of total EDSS.
Evaluation of Serum Magnesium Level in a Sample of Egyptian Major Depressive Disorder Patients
Authors: Okasha Tarek Ahmed , Elserafi Doha Mostafa , Naguib Rehab Mohamed , Dessouki Nahla AbdelRahim , Abdelhadi Mariam Abdelhamid 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Major depressive disorder (MDD); is a leading psychiatric illness across the world, severely affecting quality of life and causing an increased incidence of suicide, although its underlying pathophysiology is still unclear and recently multiple studies were concerned with the relation between serum Magnesium (Mg) level and MDD. Mg is a cofactor for over 300 enzymes and is essential for anaerobic and aerobic energy production, glycolysis, mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, as well as potassium and calcium regulation. Moreover, Mg has significant antidepressant action through the blockade of the glutamatergic N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR).

Aim of the Work
To examine serum Mg level in patients of MDD, to evaluate the relation between serum Mg level and MDD, to correlate serum Mg level to severity of symptoms of MDD.

Patients and Methods
30 patients were included, selected from inpatient ward and outpatient clinics at Okasha institute of psychiatry, neuropsychiatry department, faculty of medicine, Ain Shams University and fulfilled the criteria of diagnosis of MDD by Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID-I) and 30 healthy controls who were age and sex matched, selected from workers at Okasha institute of psychiatry, Hamilton depression scale (Ham-D 17) was used for assessment of severity of depressive symptoms in patients, in addition a sample of 2 ml blood was withdrawn from both groups for assessment of serum Mg level using Serum Mg colorimetric assay kit.

Results
Our study showed that there was non-significant difference as regards the age and gender between the two groups, on the other hand there was significant difference between the patients and controls regarding the serum Mg level (p = 0.015) denoting that MDD patients had lower serum Mg level than healthy controls, with statistically significant inverse correlation between serum Mg level and the severity of depression (p = 0.001).

Conclusion
The findings in our study highlight that MDD patients had lower serum Mg level than healthy controls with a significant inverse correlation between serum Mg level and the severity of depression.
Optic Nerve Diameter and Elevation in Acute Large Stroke Patients
Authors: Aloush Taha Kamel Taha , Khawas Hala Mahmoud El , Zakey El Din Hany Mahmoud , Mahmoud Afifi Hossam El Din , Farag Borham Sherien Mohamed , Ahmed Ali Hassab-Allah Mennat-Allah Mohamed 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) is a potentially devastating condition resulting from various neurological and non-neurological disorders.

Aim of the Work
To assess the correlation between optic nerve diameter, optic disc elevation and increased intracranial tension due to intracranial heamorrhage or large stroke and to compare it with control group.

Patients and Methods
This study was conducted on 51 patients diagnosed with acute large stroke, admitted in stroke unit neurology department at Ain Shams university hospitals and 56 Controls diagnosed with lacunar stroke or healthy individuals age and sex matched.

Results
A significant positive correlation between Peak systolic velocity and both optic disc elevation and optic nerve sheath diameter. There was also significant positive correlation between Pulsatility index and optic nerve sheath diameter while there was no significant correlation between the Pulsatility index and optic disc elevation. A significant positive correlation between NIH stroke scale and both optic disc elevation and optic nerve sheath diameter. There was also significant positive correlation between Size of infarction and both optic nerve sheath diameter and optic nerve sheath diameter.

Conclusion
Increase in ONSD measurement was associated with increased hospital mortality and poor functional outcomes at 6 months. ONSD measurements may be performed using just one eye and one probe orientation to make the serial examinations easier to adopt and perform. ONSD may be used to screen stroke patients at risk of poor prognosis, especially when used in conjunction with abnormal clinical examination and CT imaging.
Prevalence of CSF Dysregulation Related Headache Disorders among Headache Patients: A Hospital-Based Study
Authors: Moustafa Ramez Reda , Farag Sherien Mohamed , Swelam Mahmoud Saad , Ibraheem Hassab Rehab Mennatallah Mohamed 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Headache is one of the most common disorders of the central nervous system and causes multiple levels of dysfunction. One of the most underestimated types of headaches is headaches due to CSF dysregulation disorders either idiopathic intracranial tension or spontaneous intracranial hypotension.

Aim of the Work
Measurement of the prevalence of CSF dysregulation-related headaches in a hospital- based headache population, assessment of the demographic data of a group of headache patients, assessment of the correlation between CSF dysregulation headache and BMI, assessment of the correlation between CSF dysregulation-related headache and fundus examination, assessment of the correlation between CSF dysregulation-related headache and MRI brain& MRV findings and assessment of the correlation between IIH and optic nerve sheath diameter ONSD assessment by trans orbital sonography TOS.

Patients and Methods
In our observational study, conducted between 1 November 2022 and 30 April 2023, at the headache clinic of Ain Shams University hospitals, we studied the prevalence of IIH among the headache population, demographic characteristics, sleep quality, MRI brain findings suggestive of IIH, fundus examination, opening pressure reading values, and efficiency of USG in the evaluation of patients with IIH.

Results
Among the 168 headache patients, IIH prevalence came out to be 30.35%, IIH patients had higher age, with site of headache being vertical in most of cases, higher BMI, with the character of headache being throbbing in most cases. We found that the empty sella turcica sign has a sensitivity of 41.2%, specificity of 98.9%, transverse sinus stenosis sign has a sensitivity of 82.4%, specificity of 88.8%, posterior globe flattening sign has a sensitivity of 21.6%, specificity of 100.0%, Optic nerve head protrusion sign has a sensitivity of 27.5%, specificity of 98.9%, Optic nerve sheath distention, tortuosity sign has a sensitivity of 43.1%, specificity of 96.6% in the detection of IIH cases. Also, it shows that fundus examination has a sensitivity of 52.9%, specificity of 96.6%, in detection of IIH cases. Also, optic nerve sheath diameter assessment through sonography has sensitivity of 66.7%, specificity of 26.7%.

Conclusion
Our study estimated the prevalence of CSF dysregulation headache disorder among headache patients showing that 30.35% of the included patients fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for IIH whereas 69.64% did not. We highlight the importance of neuroimaging signs in IIH as empty sella turcica sign, transverse sinus stenosis sign, flattening of the posterior aspect of the globe, optic nerve head protrusion sign, and optic nerve dilation and tortuosity sign were highly associated with IIH and elevated OP.
Safety and Efficacy of Combined Thrombolysis and Thrombectomy in the Extended Time Window of Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Hashim Mostafa , Aref Hany , El-Bassiouny Ahmed , El-Sudany Ayman H , Abushady Eman M , Zaki Amr S 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) is the standard of care for proximal anterior circulation acute ischemic stroke. (1) Treatment with intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) prior to mechanical thrombectomy (MT), known as bridging therapy, is recommended for candidate patients within 4.5 hours therapeutic window. (2) Updated guidelines from the American Stroke Association extended the time limit of mechanical clot removal from 6 hours to up to 24 hours in selected patients . (3) In this study, we plan to focus on treatment with intravenous thrombolytic therapy prior to endovascular thrombectomy in the extended time window beyond 4.5 hours with safety and efficacy concerns.

Methods
50 large vessel occlusion (LVO) stroke patients presenting in the extended time window of 4.5-9 hours were enrolled in the study divided into two groups, the first received IV thrombolysis before mechanical thrombectomy, the 2nd underwent mechanical thrombectomy only. Assessment was done using NIHSS, mRS, collaterals score, Thrombolysis In Cerebral Ischemia (TICI) score, and Heidelberg bleeding classification for hemorrhagic transformation.

Results
there was difference between the two groups regarding NIHSS, mRS, first pass effect and hemorrhagic transformation.

Conclusion
IV thrombolysis before mechanical thrombectomy can have an effect on outcome of LVO stroke patients presenting in the extended time window.