bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH MODEL DISCOVERY LEARNING BERBANTU KARTU MASALAH PADA MATERI GERAK LURUS TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA KELAS X IPA SMA N 1 MRANGGEN TAHUN PELAJARAN 2014/2015
Authors: Kemuning Wisnu , Khoiri Nur , Ristanto Sigit 
Published: July 2018

This study aims "To determine whether there is influence of discovery learning model assisted problem card in a straight motion on the results of study X science class SMA Negeri 1 Mranggen academic year 2014/2015". The population in this study were all class X SMAN 1 Mranggen Academic Year 2014/2015. Sampling using cluster random sampling technique with the normal condition of all classes and homogeneous. Sampling results obtained by X-class science experiment 1 as a class were treated when learning takes place using discovery learning model and problem cards for class X IPA 2 as the control class is given learning using discuss learning group. Based on the final analysis of the t-test showed that t = 4.6738 while the table = 1.671 with a significance level of 5%. Because thitung > ttable is 4.6738> 1.671 it can be interpreted that the average student learning outcomes experimental class better than the class control. The average value of the experimental class is 77.6316 and 70.6579 as control class. Pursuant to the results of this study concluded that there are significant of discovery learning model assisted problem card in a straight motion on the results of study X science class SMA Negeri 1 Mranggen academic year 2014/2015.
PENERAPAN PEMBELAJARAN AKTIF KREATIF EFEKTIF DAN MENYENANGKAN (PAKEM) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN AKTIVITAS DAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA KELAS VIII E SMP NEGERI 2 BONANG DEMAK TAHUN PELAJARAN 2013/ 2014
Authors: Rifa’ah Rifa’ah , Murniati Ngurah Ayu Nyoman , Susilawati Susilawati 
Published: July 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan peningkatan aktivitas dan hasil belajar siswa kelas VIII E SMP Negeri 2 Bonang Demak tahun pelajaran 2013/2014 melalui penerapan Pembelajaran Aktif Kreatif Efetif dan Menyenangkan. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) yang dilaksanakan dengan tiga siklus. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas VIII E siswa SMP Negeri 2 Bonang Demak yang berjumlah 28 siswa. Instrumen penelitian berupa: instrumen keaktifan siswa, instrumen hasil belajar siswa, dan instrumen ketercapaian model PAKEM. Analisis data menggunakan analisis kuantitatif berupa jumlah skor hasil belajar siswa dan analisis deskriptif hasil PTK siklus I, II dan III. Hasil penelitian ini dapat diperoleh nilai rata-rata aktivitas siswa, hasil belajar siswa, dan ketercapaian penerapan model PAKEM masing-masing 51.25 %, 66 % dan 67.04 % pada siklus I, untuk siklus II yakni 66.25 %, 72 %, dan 73.37 %, sedangkan siklus III 87.5 %, 88 %, dan 88.14 %. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa, pada siklus III sudah tercapai ketuntasan aktivitas siswa, hasil belajar siswa dan ketercapaian penerapan model PAKEM, maka perbaikan pembelajaran berhenti pada siklus III saja dan tidak perlu dilakukan perbaikan pembelajaran siklus berikutnya.
PENGARUH PROBLEM BASED LEARNING BERBANTUAN STRATEGI PIPIZ (PEGAWAI PIZZA) TERHADAP KETEPATAN MENGOLAH KONSEP DASAR OPTIKA GEOMETRIS
Authors: Adyatama Bundy Putera , Khoiri Nur , Nuroso Harto 
Published: July 2018

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of student learning outcomes that gained model of problem based learning assisted by PIPIZ ( Employees Pizza ) strategy and the learning outcomes of students who get a problem based learning model without assisted by PIPIZ ( Employee Pizza ) against precison of basic processing concepts in geometrical optics materials , In addition to know the differences in learning outcomes of students who get a problem based learning model assisted by PIPIZ ( Employee Pizza ) strategy and the learning outcomes of students who get a model problem based learning without assisted by PIPIZ ( Employee Pizza ) against precison of basic processing concepts in geometrical optics materials in Kesatrian 1 Semarang senior high school grade X school year 2014/2015.This study using Nonequivalent Control Group Design method this design is similar to the pretest-posttest control group design comparing experimental class and control class. The population in this study is grade X MIA in Kesatrian 1 Semarang senior high school, amounting to 6 classes the number of students 210 people. This research sample selected by random cluster sampling method, where classes were randomly selected and selected sample is a class X MIA 1 and X MIA 4.The results showed that the student of grade X Kesatrian 1 Semarang senior high school on geometric optics subjects taught by teaching using problem based learning model assisted by PIPIZ (Employee Pizza) strategy (experimental class) gained an average value of 7.65. While the results of student in grade X Kesatrian 1 Semarang senior high school on geometric optics subjects taught by learning using a model of problem based learning without assisted by PIPIZ (Employee Pizza) strategy (control class) gained an average value of 64. The results of the study can be interpreted that the learning outcomes of students who get a model problem based learning assisted by PIPIZ (Employee Pizza) strategy is better than learning outcomes of students who get a model problem based learning without assisted by PIPIZ (Employee Pizza) strategy against precison of basic processing concepts. There are differences in learning outcomes of students of class X Kesatrian 1 Semarang senior high school on geometric optics material taught by learning using a model of problem based learning assisted by PIPIZ (Employee Pizza) strategy and taught by learning using a model of problem based learning without assisted by PIPIZ (Employee Pizza) strategy. The difference is shown by the price of with significance level of 5% (3.472> 1.67).
Phylotastic: An Experiment in Creating, Manipulating, and Evolving Phylogenetic Biology Workflows Using Logic Programming
Authors: Nguyen Thanh , Pontelli Enrico , Son Tran Cao 
Published: July 2018

Evolutionary Biologists have long struggled with the challenge of developing analysis workflows in a flexible manner, thus facilitating the reuse of phylogenetic knowledge. An evolutionary biology workflow can be viewed as a plan which composes web services that can retrieve, manipulate, and produce phylogenetic trees.The Phylotastic project was launched two years ago as a collaboration between evolutionary biologists and computer scientists, with the goal of developing an open architecture to facilitate the creation of such analysis workflows. While composition of web services is a problem that has been extensively explored in the literature, including within the logic programming domain, the incarnation of the problem in Phylotastic provides a number of additional challenges. Along with the need to integrate preferences and formal ontologies in the description of the desired workflow, evolutionary biologists tend to construct workflows in an incremental manner, by successively refining the workflow, by indicating desired changes (e.g., exclusion of certain services, modifications of the desired output). This leads to the need of successive iterations of incremental replanning, to develop a new workflow that integrates the requested changes while minimizing the changes to the original workflow. This paper illustrates how Phylotastic has addressed the challenges of creating and refining phylogenetic analysis workflows using logic programming technology and how such solutions have been used within the general framework of the Phylotastic project.
Öğretmen Yetiştirmede Beceri Yaklaşımı
Authors: GÜNEŞ Firdevs 
Published: July 2018

Eğitim
denilince de ilk akla gelen kelime
öğretmen olmaktadır. Eğitim sisteminin her boyutunda aktif rol alan
öğretmenlerin nitelikli yetiştirilmeleri gerekmektedir. Öğretmen yetiştirme sürecinde çeşitli eğitim yaklaşımları
uygulanmaktadır. Bunlar ülkelere ve döneme göre değişmektedir.En eski
öğretmen yetiştirme yaklaşımı geleneksel yaklaşımdır.Bunu davranışçı, bilişsel
ve yapılandırıcı yaklaşım izlemektedir. Her yaklaşımın öğretmen yetiştirme anlayışı, amacı ve uygulamaları
farklıdır. Geleneksel yaklaşımda her şeyi bilen öğretmen, davranışçı
yaklaşımda örnek öğretmen, bilişsel yaklaşımda uzman öğretmen, yapılandırıcı
yaklaşımda ise öğrenen öğretmen anlayışı ön plana çıkmaktadır. Son yıllarda Avrupa
Birliği, Birleşmiş Milletler, OCDE, UNESCO gibi uluslararası kuruluşların 2030
vizyonunda öğretmen yetiştirmede beceri yaklaşımına ağırlık verilmektedir.
Öğrencileri geleceğe hazırlamak için öğretilecek çeşitli bilgi, beceri, değer
ve tutumlar üzerinde durulmaktadır. Eğitim kurumlarının bunları etkili biçimde
nasıl kazandıracağı konusunda çalışmalar yapılmaktadır. Böylece dünyamızda bilgi toplumundan beceri
toplumuna doğru geçişin altyapısı oluşturulmaktadır.

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A fuzzy logic methodology for assessing the resilience of past communities to tephra fall: a Laacher See eruption 13,000 year BP case
Authors: Blong Russell James , Riede Felix , Chen Qianyang 
Published: July 2018

While volcanologists are experienced in assessing present and past volcanism, and while archaeologists are experts in understanding past societies, the study of how ancient volcanic activity has impacted contemporaneous communities remains little systematised. We here present a fuzzy logic-based methodology for bringing together expert assessments in evaluating the vulnerability and, by extension, the resilience of a group of late Pleistocene foragers to the Laacher See eruption, a large explosive eruption that affected continental Europe 13,000 years ago. Based on attributes assessing human health, shelter, food supply, and water supply our analyses suggest community resilience falls from 1.0 to 0.75 – 0.8 under a 5 cm tephra fall, to 0.45 – 0.50 with a 10 cm fall, and to 0.17 – 0.2 with an 18 – 20 cm tephra fall. Our explicit assessment of different experts’ evaluation of the different attribute’s relative importance facilitates a rigour in formulating such impact scenarios. The assessment methodology is rapid and can then be matched against existing evidence or, importantly, be used to also assess contemporary communities’ potential for loss under different tephra fall conditions. The methodology can be readily transferred between case studies and, in principle, between hazards, and could contribute significantly to the design of realistic disaster scenarios, which in turn serve to build resilience in at-risk communities.
(كلام غير مباشر في سورة الكهف (دراسة تحليلية تداولية Tindak Tutur Tidak Langsung Dalam Surat Al-Kahfi (Kajian Analisis Pragmatik)
Authors: Muzakki Kholid Akhmad 
Published: July 2018

Sentences by mode can be divided into three: sentence (declarative), interrogative, and command (imperative) sentences. Conventionally, declarative sentences are used if the speaker wants to declare or convey information to his or her opponent. Interrogative sentence is the sentence used if the speaker wants to get the information, the reaction or the expected answer. As for the imperative sentence, is if the speaker wants to enjoin or forbid his opponent to do something. But in pragmatic studies, there are times when the sentence is used non-conventionally. Declarative sentences, in addition to functioning to deliver the news, also enabled to ask; interrogative sentences other than enabled to ask is also enabled for the request or command. Meanwhile, the command line can only be used conventionally, and can not be used non-conventionally. When all three sentences are conventionally functioned, the speech is called direct speech act, whereas when used in a non-conventional way, it is called indirect speech act.
The use of sentences indirectly has a purpose, among others, in order to maintain politeness. A command that explanation by using the sentence news or sentence, will be felt by the opponent said lighter, even for the opponent said the command on him is not perceived as a command. In the Qur'an there are many unusually functional sentences, indicating that the Qur'an is a holy book that strongly upholds language-based pride. One of them is surah Al-Kahfi. In the surah Al-Kahfi, found some verses which are indirect speech. In Surah Al-Kahfi, the forms of indirect speech are as follows. First, Declarative texts mean imperative is found in the verse 16, 45, 52, 60 and 78. Second, Interrogative texts mean imperative is found in the verse 6, 9 and 50. Third, Interrogative texts mean declarative is found in the verses 15, 37, 57, 68, 75, 102 and 103.
Solar Energetic Particle Events Observed by the PAMELA Mission
Authors: Bruno A. , Bazilevskaya G. A. , Boezio M. , Christian E. R. , Nolfo G. A. de , Martucci M. , Merge’ M. , Mikhailov V. V. , Munini R. , Richardson I. G. , Ryan J. M. , Stochaj S. , Adriani O. , Barbarino G. C. , Bellotti R. , Bogomolov E. A. , Bongi M. , Bonvicini V. , Bottai S. , Cafagna F. , Campana D. , Carlson P. , Casolino M. , Castellini G. , Santis C. De , Felice V. Di , Galper A. M. , Karelin A. V. , Koldashov S. V. , Koldobskiy S. , Krutkov S. Y. , Kvashnin A. N. , Leonov A. , Malakhov V. , Marcelli L. , Mayorov A. G. , Menn W. , Mocchiutti E. , Monaco A. , Mori N. , Osteria G. , Panico B. , Papini P. , Pearce M. , Picozza P. , Ricci M. , Ricciarini S. B. , Simon M. , Sparvoli R. , Spillantini P. , Stozhkov Y. I. , Vacchi A. , Vannuccini E. , Vasilyev G. I. , Voronov S. A. , Yurkin Y. T. , Zampa G. , Zampa N. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Despite the significant progress achieved in recent years, the physical mechanisms underlying the origin of solar energetic particles (SEPs) are still a matter of debate. The complex nature of both particle acceleration and transport poses challenges to developing a universal picture of SEP events that encompasses both the low-energy (from tens of keV to a few hundreds of MeV) observations made by space-based instruments and the GeV particles detected by the worldwide network of neutron monitors in ground-level enhancements (GLEs). The high-precision data collected by the Payload for Antimatter Matter Exploration and Light-nuclei Astrophysics (PAMELA) satellite experiment offer a unique opportunity to study the SEP fluxes between ∼80 MeV and a few GeV, significantly improving the characterization of the most energetic events. In particular, PAMELA can measure for the first time with good accuracy the spectral features at moderate and high energies, providing important constraints for current SEP models. In addition, the PAMELA observations allow the relationship between low- and high-energy particles to be investigated, enabling a clearer view of the SEP origin. No qualitative distinction between the spectral shapes of GLE, sub-GLE and non-GLE events is observed, suggesting that GLEs are not a separate class, but are the subset of a continuous distribution of SEP events that are more intense at high energies. While the spectral forms found are to be consistent with diffusive shock acceleration theory, which predicts spectral rollovers at high energies that are attributed to particles escaping the shock region during acceleration, further work is required to explore the relative influences of acceleration and transport processes on SEP spectra.
Empirical Relations for the Accurate Estimation of Stellar Masses and Radii
Authors: Moya Andy , Zuccarino Federico , Chaplin William J. , Davies Guy R. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
In this work, we have taken advantage of the most recent accurate stellar characterizations carried out using asteroseismology, eclipsing binaries and interferometry to evaluate a comprehensive set of empirical relations for the estimation of stellar masses and radii. We have gathered a total of 934 stars—of which around two-thirds are on the main sequence—that are characterized with different levels of precision, most of them having estimates of M, R, T
eff, L, g, ρ, and [Fe/H]. We have deliberately used a heterogeneous sample (in terms of characterizing techniques and spectroscopic types) to reduce the influence of possible biases coming from the observation, reduction, and analysis methods used to obtain the stellar parameters. We have studied a total of 576 linear combinations of T
eff, L, g, ρ, and [Fe/H] (and their logarithms) to be used as independent variables to estimate M or R. We have used an error-in-variables linear regression algorithm to extract the relations and to ensure the fair treatment of the uncertainties. We present a total of 38 new or revised relations that have an adj-R
2 regression statistic higher than 0.85, and a relative accuracy and precision better than 10% for almost all the cases. The relations cover almost all the possible combinations of observables, ensuring that, whatever list of observables is available, there is at least one relation for estimating the stellar mass and radius.
Transparencia e información pública en las televisiones del Ecuador: el caso de Ecuavisa y TC Televisión
Authors: López-López Paulo Carlos , Márquez-Domínguez Carmelo , Molina Rodríguez-Navas Pedro , Ramos-Gil Yalitza Therly 
Published: July 2018

La presente investigación desarrolla 62 indicadores de transparencia y acceso a la información pública para aplicarlos en forma de test a las televisiones del Ecuador. Metodología: Construcción de un panel de indicadores divididos en cinco bloques, siguiendo la metodología Infoparticipa, para el estudio de las páginas web de Ecuavisa y TC Televisión. Evaluación de su nivel de transparencia en el Infómetro de www.mapainfoparticipa.com. Resultados: Las empresas informativas analizadas suspenden en transparencia, obteniendo las peores puntuaciones en la identificación de sus responsables y la gestión de los recursos colectivos, y la mejor en la información para la participación. Discusión y conclusiones: El acceso a la información pública y la transparencia, a pesar de tener un amplio desarrollo normativo, no se cumple en este tipo de organizaciones. Los datos básicos no se ofrecen y en el caso de su publicación, no son claros, son insuficientes y poco accesibles.
Journalism during South Africa's apartheid regime
Authors: Alhadeff Vic 
Published: July 2018

Vic Alhadeff was chief sub-editor of The Cape Times, Cape Town’s daily newspaper, during the apartheid era. It was a staunchly anti-apartheid newspaper, and the government had enacted a draconian system of laws to govern and restrict what media could say. The effect was that anti-apartheid activists such as Mandela were not 'merely’ imprisoned, they were also banned, as was the African National Congress. Under the law, it was illegal to quote a banned person or organisation. This meant if there was to be an anti-apartheid rally in the city – and we reported it – it could be construed as promoting the aims of a banned organisation. As chief sub-editor, I had to navigate this minefield. In addition, most English-language newspapers were anti-apartheid and had a resident police spy on staff (one of our senior journalists); on a number of occasions I would receive a call from the Magistrate’s Office after the newspaper had gone to print at midnight, putting an injunction on a story. We would have to call back the trucks and dump the 100,000 copies of the newspaper and reprint. The challenge was to inform readers as what was happening and to speak out against apartheid – without breaking the law.
South Africa had its own Watergate equivalent. The apartheid government understood that English speakers generally were anti-apartheid, so it siphoned 64 million rands from the Defence budget and set up the Information Department. The aim was to purchase media outlets overseas which would be pro-apartheid, and it set up an English-language newspaper in South Africa, to be pro-apartheid. It was called The Citizen – and I was offered a job as deputy editor at double my salary, plus an Audi. (I declined the offer, for the record). Two journalists uncovered the scandal, and brought down the Prime Minister.
Research on Sandy Soils from Oltenia Plain and Their Cultivation
Authors: Stănilă Anca-Luiza , Simota Cătălin Cristian , Răţoi Iulian , Diaconu Aurelia , Dumitru Mihail , Dumitru Sorina Iustina 
Published: July 2018

Sandy soils from Oltenia Plain occupies the largest area in the country, about 209.400 ha and are situated on terraces of the Danube, the Jiu and Olt River and west Oltenia Plain. The primary material of the origin of the sand in the south Oltenia is the Carpathians South of Olt and Jiu, the differences consisting of the amount somewhat less coarse sand by the Danube, rich in calcium carbonate thereof as compared to the sand and sandy soils from Left Jiu. The territory between Olt, Jiu, and Danube consists of two distinct areas: one field Leu-Rotunda, located in southeastern Oltenia. This field is a continuation of the surface of the plateau levatinului Piedmont. The second area is formed by terraces Olt, Jiu and Danube. This area has the absolute altitude between 110-140 m with slopes to the east and south. As such relief formations have shown sandy dunes and interdune form. Dunes had heights of 5-15 m and 100-500 m width were interdune. Area with sandy soils in southern Oltenia is crossed by a river system, represented by the Danube River to the south, Olt River to the east and west Jiu River. Plant growth and development of the sandy, is related to the presence of water, which has a decisive role. Low rainfall, high temperatures and Austru wind, warm and dry, make sands of Oltenia sometimes take the form of semi-desert. From an textural, in most cases, the percentage of coarse sand is higher and the lower sand on the dune and the interdune increase both the proportion of sand and the clay. In Oltenia Plain appear dominant cernisols represented by typical chernozems, calcic chernozems, cambic chernozems, gleyic chernozems and argic chernozems, which are added some luvisols of type reddish preluvosols and typical luvosols and some typical eutricambosols. Not missing hidrisols nor salsodisols, and in floodplains and terraces predominate protisols with distric psamosols and eutric aluviosols. Lately, as a result of pedoameliorative measures, such as shaping and leveling, were essential changes in both the forms of relief, and the main physical and chemical properties, disappearing dunes due to mobilization on higher ground sand and depositing the material in interdune. Excavated and deposited quantities of sand are varied both in terms of origin and physic and chemical properties. Production potential is medium. Requires to stem deflation, the increase in organic matter in the soil and especially in the areas set (level model), the fertilization and maintaining forest cover.
New Frontiers on van der Waals Layered Metal Phosphorous Trichalcogenides
Authors: Wang Fengmei , Shifa Tofik A. , Yu Peng , He Peng , Liu Yang , Wang Feng , Wang Zhenxing , Zhan Xueying , Lou Xiaoding , Xia Fan , He Jun 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe exponentially growing works on 2D materials have resulted in both high scientific interest and huge potential applications in nanocatalysis, optoelectronics, and spintronics. Of especial note is that the newly emerged and promising family of metal phosphorus trichalcogenides (MPX3) contains semiconductors, metals, and insulators with intriguing layered structures and architectures. The bandgaps of the members in this family range from 1.3 to 3.5 eV, significantly enriching the application of 2D materials in the broad wavelength spectrum. In this review, emphasizing their remarkable structural, physicochemical, and magnetic properties, as well as the numerous applications in various fields, the innovative progress on layered MPX3 crystals is summarized. Different from other layered materials, these crystals will advance a fascinating frontier in magnetism and spintronic devices with their especially featured atomic layered nanosheets. Thus, their crystal and electronic structures, along with some related researches in magnetism, are discussed in detail. The assortments of growth methods are then summarized. Considering their potential applications, the prominent utilization of these 2D MPX3 nanoscrystals in catalysis, batteries, and optoelectronics is also discussed. Finally, the outlook of these kinds of layered nanomaterials is provided.