bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hepatoprotective experiment of Taro vegetable (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott) flower employing animal models by mitigating oxidative stress
Authors: Mohammad Mahathir , Richi Fahmida Tasnim , Hossain Rabiul , Arafat Md. , Jiko Pair Ahmed , Emon Nazim Uddin , Rabbi Sayad Al Hossain , Khastagir Tirtha , Hossain Md. Hemayet , Alam Safaet 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Colocasia esculenta (L) Schott, known as the taro vegetable, possesses various beneficial effects and is traditionally used in folk medicine. This study explores the ameliorative anti-oxidant and hepatoprotective effect of a methanolic extract of the Colocasia esculenta flower (ME-CEF) against oxidative damage and hepatotoxicity in mice.
Methods
The antioxidant efficacy of ME-CEF was assessed using ABTS and DPPH scavenging assay. The hepatoprotective effect was investigated by an assessment of liver injury indicators (ALT, AST, ALP, bilirubin, creatinine) and normalizing lipid profiles (CHO, TG, LDL, and HDL) along with histopathological study and anti-oxidant enzymes (CAT). A qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analysis was performed, including GC-MS/MS analysis and an in-silico molecular docking study.
Results
The result showed that ME-CEF possesses moderate ABTS and DPPH scavenging activity with IC50 values of 117.18 and 160.41 µg/ml. As illustrated by reducing liver enzymes (ALT, AST, ALP, bilirubin, creatinine) and lipid profile (CHO, TG, LDL) and raising HDL levels (p < 0.01), ME-CEF dose-dependently mitigated CCl4-induced acute liver injury. Furthermore, ME-CEF blocked hepatic oxidative stress by boosting anti-oxidant enzymes (CAT) and Preventing liver tissue damage and apoptosis. In silico investigations also showed an auspicious binding affinity with TNF-α, IL-6, PRAP-1, Xanthin oxidoreductase which displayed antioxidant and hepatoprotective candidacy while notable safety and efficacy profile was also documented through ADME/T studies. Histopathological analysis showed reduced hepatocellular necrosis and vascular congestion in silymarin and extract groups.
Conclusion
Based on these results, our findings strongly recommend the medicinal use of the plant, highlighting its antioxidant and hepatoprotective potentials.
The influence of public governance on European supranational public policies in fostering innovation among SMEs within innovation ecosystems
Authors: BETTANTI ALBERTO , TRAVAGLI PAOLO 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of public governance on the effectiveness of European supranational public policies in fostering innovation within innovation ecosystems (IEs), specifically through the lens of the PITCCH initiative, a European innovation project funded by Horizon 2020 under the 'Innovation in SMEs' measure. Utilizing a 10-month ethnographic field study, this research examines how public governance mechanisms provide targeted, results-oriented support to IEs, with a particular focus on innovation-driven small and medium enterprises (i-SMEs). The findings reveal that public governance plays a critical role in facilitating the interaction between i-SMEs and larger ecosystem stakeholders, thereby enhancing the innovative capacity and market value of i-SMEs. This research contributes valuable insights into how public governance strategies can be effectively deployed to stimulate economic and scientific growth within IEs, offering practical guidance for policymakers and implications for future policy development. The also contributes to academic discourse by providing empirical evidence on the nuanced roles of public governance within European supranational contexts.
Enhancing urban infrastructure: water supply and drainage pipeline defect detection with the GLIP pre-trained model and the YOLOv5 model
Authors: Liu Peng , Chen Wei , Yu Jiahe , Zhao Qi , Wang Jue , Tan Cai , Wang Wei , Luo Dong 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
Urban water supply and drainage systems are a crucial component of urban infrastructure, directly affecting residents' livelihoods and industrial production. The normal operation of the water supply and the drainage pipeline is of great significance for conserving water resources and preventing water pollution. However, due to characteristics such as deep burial, diverse materials, and extensive lengths, the detection of defects becomes exceptionally complex. Traditional detection methods used in practical applications, such as ground excavation and destructive testing, typically require the shutdown of water pipelines. This process is time-consuming and labor-intensive, often resulting in significant economic losses. This paper proposes an effective technique for detecting defects in the water supply and the drainage pipeline. The method involves capturing images of the inner walls of water supply conduits and subsequently utilizing an artificial intelligence large-scale model approach (grounded language-image pre-training, GLIP) and a You Only Look Once version 5 (YOLOv5) model to detect defects within them. The experimental results show that GLIP demonstrates impressive detection performance in zero-shot scenarios, while YOLOv5 performs well on existing datasets. By combining these two models, we were able to achieve a balance between fast, flexible detection and high precision, making our approach both practical and efficient for real-world applications.
Compliance with Regulatory Standards: A Comprehensive Review on Ocimum sanctum (Tulsi)
Authors: Sharma Sanyam , Naman Subh , Dwivedi Jayesh , Ashawat Mahendra Singh , Chandan Arun , Baldi Ashish 
Published: November 2024

Abstract:
In response to the surging global demand for medicinal products, the herbal indus-try faces significant challenges in ensuring the quality of herbal formulations. Regulatory bod-ies, actively set wanted acceptance limits to different parameters and tries to uphold quality standards. However, the complexities of herbal manufacturing, characterized by batch-to-batch variations and heavy metal residues, pose formidable obstacles. This article also focuses on Ocimum sanctum as a model plant, revealing its cultural, medicinal, ecological, and eco-nomic significance in brief. The primary objective of this work is to consolidate diverse quali-ty standards prescribed by different regulatory agencies and to create an empowering resource for farmers to adhere to regulatory parameters for cultivating quality produce. The research employs detailed evaluations, covering macroscopic, microscopic, physicochemical, and tox-icity assessments to address the challenges encountered by stakeholders in herbal sector. The study emphasizes the in depth research of verify regulatory standards set by entities such as the Indian Pharmacopoeia, Ayurvedic Indian Pharmacopoeia, Food Safety and Standards Au-thority of India and World Health Organization to ensure the quality and safety of medicinal products. It underscores the difficulties in maintaining consistent quality with herbal products, including batch variations and exceeding permissible limits of contaminants etc. Despite regu-latory efforts, the scattered nature of data necessitates assimilation for effective quality con-trol. Focused on the model plant Ocimum sanctum, the research highlights the imperatives for farmers to adhere to regulatory parameters from inception of cultivation. Additionally, it seeks to consolidate information aiming to bridge the knowledge gap and empower farmers for qual-ity cultivation. In conclusion, the research emphasizes collaborative efforts among regulatory bodies, scientific research, and the agricultural sector to sustain consistent quality standards in the herbal industry and present a comprehensive compilation of quality standards of Ocimum sanctum as a model herb for further commercial exploration in simplified manner.
Exploring the Needs of People With Chronic Low Back Pain and Health Care Professionals for mHealth Devices to Support Self-Managed Physical Activity and Pain: User-Centered Design Approach
Authors: Berger Mathilde , Deblock-Bellamy Anne , Chèze Laurence , Robert Thomas , Desrosiers Julie J , Christe Guillaume , Bertrand Anne Martine 
Published: November 2024

Background
Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is a major economic and social problem worldwide. Despite the variety of recommended treatments, long-term self-management of this condition is complex and requires the development of innovative interventions. Mobile health (mHealth) technologies hold great promise for the management of chronic pain, particularly to support physical activity. However, their implementation is challenged by a lack of user compliance and limited engagement, which may be due to insufficient consideration of the needs of potential users during development.

Objective
This study aims to explore the needs of people with CLBP and health care professionals regarding mHealth technologies to support self-managed physical activity, and to delineate design recommendations based on identified needs.

Methods
A participatory study was conducted using a 3-phase, user-centered design approach: needs investigation with a group of experts in a workshop (phase 1), needs exploration with end users in focus groups (phase 2), and validation of needs using Delphi questionnaires followed by the development of a set of recommendations (phase 3).

Results
A total of 121 people with CLBP, expert patients, health care professionals, rehabilitation researchers, and biomechanical engineers participated in this study. The results indicated how technology could help people with CLBP overcome their difficulties with managing physical activity. Specific needs were formulated concerning device objectives, expected strategies, functionalities, technical features, conditions of use, and potential facilitators and barriers to use. These needs were validated by consensus from the potential end users and translated into design recommendations.

Conclusions
This study provides design recommendations for the development of an mHealth device specifically adapted for people with CLBP.
Clinical characteristics of patients with migraine depending on vitamin D level
Authors: Hrytsenko O.Ye. , Kopchak O.O. 
Published: November 2024

Background. Migraine, which is the second most common primary headache, has a negative impact on the quality of life of young people, limiting their ability to work and social activity. At the same time, in recent years, there has been a growing interest in vitamin D as a drug with pleiotropic properties whose deficiency is often observed among people with migraine. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical characteristics of headache in patients with various forms of migraine depending on vitamin D level. Materials and methods. The study included 112 participants with chronic and episodic migraine (97 women and 15 men) aged between 20 and 50 years (mean age of 33.6 ± 5.3 years). They were divided into two groups based on vitamin D levels. Group A consisted of patients with diffe-rent types of migraine and low vitamin D levels (below 30.0 ng/ml). Group B included patients with migraine and normal vitamin D le-vels (30.0–50.0 ng/ml). Results. Participants with low vitamin D levels appeared to be younger (p = 0.05) than those with normal content. Group A had a significantly higher frequency of chronic migraine compared to group B (54.2 vs. 17.2 %, p = 0.04). Migraine with aura was more prevalent in group A (p = 0.06). Additionally, group A showed a higher frequency of chronic migraine (p = 0.005), sugges-ting that low vitamin D levels might be a risk factor for the development and complications of migraine. The Visual Analog Scale indicated more severe headache symptoms in group A (7.8 ± 2.4 points) compared to group B patients (6.3 ± 2.2 points) (p = 0.009). Moreover, group A patients had a higher frequency of migraine attacks over the last three months (p = 0.027) and a higher score on the Migraine Disability Assessment scale (p = 0.08), as well as more pronounced depressive disorders that in group B (p = 0.033). A positive correlation was found between vitamin D levels and patients’ age (r = 0.65, p = 0.003). There was a negative correlation between vitamin D levels and the presence of chronic migraine (r = –0.87, p = 0.03), and between vitamin D and depression level according to the Back Depression Inventory (r = –0.54, p = 0.007). Conclusions. The results obtained indicate a significant impact of vitamin D levels on the clinical course and characteristics of migraine in our patients. Younger age, chronic migraine, and depression levels are key factors associated with vitamin D deficiency. These findings may serve as a basis for perso-nalized approaches to the treatment and prevention of migraine depen-ding on vitamin D levels and individual characteristics of patients.
Policy Analysis of Permendikbudristek Number 30 of 2021: Dynamics of Higher Education Resistance and Rethinking the Best Solutions
Authors: Khoiri Ikhwanul , Kafa Muhammad Zidny 
Published: November 2024

This paper aims to find out the root causes of the implementation of Permendikbudristek Number 30 of 2021 using boundary analysis, forecasting, and policy recommendations for these problems using the May Method. Sexual violence is still high in the Higher Education Environment. Therefore, the Ministry of Research and Technology issued Permendikbudristek Regulation Number 30 of 2021 concerning Prevention and Handling of Sexual Violence (PPKS) in the Higher Education Environment. However, in its implementation, various problems have arisen. So it is necessary to study more deeply the formal problems of the implementation for the improvement of the PPKS policy in the future. The method used is qualitative with an online interview system and secondary data collection. Based on the scoring (number of problems) and further review, the formal problem of implementing Permendikbudristek Number 30 of 2020 is that there are different value perspectives on this regulation by Higher Education Institutions (university) or Higher Education leaders. At the forecasting stage, it was found that the ambiguity of the diction of the rules in Permendikbudristek could cause ongoing resistance from some university leaders and certain NGOs/community groups. Policy recommendations are made using the May method with limited manipulation for resistant university, moderate manipulation for neutral/orderly university, and extensive manipulation for university supporting the implementation of Permendikbudristek through policy variables: University leadership, Task Force establishment, Task Force human resource assistance, and Task Force funding.
Exclusão e estigmatização da diversidade sexual: a vulnerabilidade moral como categoria de análise bioética
Authors: Badaró Bárbara Medeiros , Cunha Thiago Rocha da , Sanches Mário Antonio 
Published: November 2024

Este artigo aborda a questão da diversidade sexual no contexto da Bioética. Esta pesquisa parte de uma revisão de literatura sobre diversidade sexual e bioética e analisa os resultados encontrados à luz da compreensão de vulnerabilidade moral. Para a revisão, foi estabelecida a seguinte pergunta norteadora: Quais são os principais temas relacionadas à produção científica sobre diversidade sexual e bioética? Os resultados apontam que apesar de existirem avanços na conceção de direitos e formulação de políticas públicas para estes grupos, há resistências e barreias na efetivação que podem expressar a dificuldade da sociedade em conviver com a diferença. Portanto, as pessoas Lésbicas, Gays, Bissexuais, Travestis, Transexuais e Intersexuais podem estar moralmente fragilizadas, devido a uma legitimação de exclusões e violências pelo ethos da maioria da sociedade, não raramente a partir de argumentos teóricos e elaborados com ampla fundamentação filosófica, teológica, jurídica ou científica. Essa é uma expressão singular da vulnerabilidade moral que deve ser estudada com mais atenção em trabalhos futuros nos diversos campo do conhecimento.
A saúde da mulher e a Nova Caderneta da gestante: um palco de interações e disputas na implementação de políticas públicas do/no corpo da mulher
Authors: Duarte Wingert Vitória , Sidegum Renner Jacinta 
Published: November 2024

Um grande palco de tensões e contestações está ocorrendo desde a extinção da política pública do Rede Cegonha (2011), que ocorreu no mês de abril de 2022 e a implementação de sua substituta, a Rede de Atenção Materno Infantil (RAMI). A primeira medida tomada pela RAMI foi o lançamento de uma Nova Caderneta da Gestante, em maio de 2022, documento considerado preocupante e retrógrado para pesquisadores e profissionais da saúde que se preocupam com a assistência humanizada. O objetivo deste estudo esteve focado em analisar se a Nova Caderneta está ou não alinhada um dos principais pilares da saúde que é a humanização do nascer a partir da perspectiva do protagonismo feminino. Para isso, foi realizada a análise da antiga (2011) e da nova caderneta (2022), buscando entender as características e especificidades de cada uma. Também recorremos a netnografia para entender as interações realizadas na rede social Instagram, por profissionais e pesquisadores da área da saúde que se posicionavam contra a implementação da RAMI e da Nova Caderneta. Os dados das cadernetas foram triangulados a partir de documentos do Ministério da Saúde e de órgãos internacionais que deveriam ser tomados como parâmetro na criação destas políticas. Autores que refletem sobre a sociologia do corpo e corporeidade foram utilizados a fim de compreendermos as concepções sociais dos corpos grávidos e a relação com saúde. Os resultados indicaram que a Nova Caderneta não está alinhada aos pilares da assistência humanizada, tirando o protagonismo feminino e o direito de a mulher Ser protagonista da sua saúde e bem estar. Além do mais, difunde e incentiva práticas obstétricas, antes rotineiras, mas que atualmente se mostraram sem nenhuma evidência científica. Por isso a importância de pensar a implementação de políticas públicas que respeitem a diversidade e a multiplicidade dos corpos e sejam inclusivas.
MULHERES CAMPONESAS E A AGROECOLOGIA: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA DA LITERATURA
Authors: Barros Pereira Maria do Socorro , Moreira da silva Cicero nilton 
Published: November 2024

É notório que para compreender o espaço agrário brasileiro, é necessário uma breve conceituação a partir do seu contexto histórico e da luta pela terra através da busca pela reforma agrária nos assentamentos. Nesse enfoque destacamos a importância da Agroecologia para garantir a reprodução social e a segurança alimentar das famílias camponesas, e também dar visibilidade as relações de gênero no campo. Este estudo tem como objetivo compreender a importância do trabalho das mulheres na Agroecologia e na luta pela terra nos assentamentos de reforma agrária. Elencamos como questão central: Como as mulheres camponesas participam na Agroecologia e qual a importância da sua autonomia na unidade produtiva familiar camponesa? E quais espaços elas atuam? Os procedimentos metodológicos parte do método da revisão sistemática de literatura, propondo uma análise crítica e comparativa através do levantamento da literatura nas três bases de dados selecionadas a partir dos critérios de exclusão e inclusão. O recorte temporal do estudo é de 2008 à 2018. Os resultados e discussões destacam a importância das mulheres camponesas como protagonistas nas produções agroecológicas nos assentamentos, e a autonomia das mulheres ao participarem de formas múltiplas nos diferentes setores de trabalho e atividades no campo. Portanto são fundamentais na luta pela terra, na visibilidade tanto trabalhista como nas políticas públicas para a agricultura camponesa.
A CENTRALIDADE DE CAMPINA GRANDE E MOSSORÓ NA REDE URBANA FERROVIÁRIA (1907-1951)
Authors: Justino de Oliveira Elizangela 
Published: November 2024

As ferrovias foram responsáveis por inúmeras transformações na organização dos espaços em diferentes escalas, tanto nos intraurbanos quanto no interurbano. Na escala interurbana, a ferrovia permitiu a reorganização da centralidade das cidades, reestruturando a hierarquia destas na rede urbana regional. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a centralidade de Campina Grande e Mossoró na rede urbana ferroviária formada pela linha férrea Great Western e a Estrada de Ferro de Mossoró, respectivamente, e a consolidação dessas cidades enquanto importantes centros regionais. O recorte temporal (1907-1951) foram definidos a partir do momento que Campina Grande torna-se cidade ferroviária (1907) até o momento em que a Estrada de Ferro de Mossoró, alcança Sousa, na Paraíba, em 1951. A análise aqui empreendida possui abordagem na perspectiva da Geografia Histórica Urbana, a qual se revela na demarcação temporal definida e na condução da análise com ênfase nas fontes documentais consultadas, tais como: o Anuário Estatístico do Brasil (1908-1912, v. I, Território e População), Anuário Estatístico do Brasil (1937, 1938, 1939/1940, 1953); Anuário Estatístico da Parahyba do Norte – 1916(1918); Anuário Estatístico do Estado da Parahyba – 1930 (1931); Anuário de Campina Grande (1925); Relatórios do Ministério da Indústria, Viação e Obras Públicas (1902, 1905, 1907, 1910, 1911 e 1915), Relatório do Ministério da Viação e Obras Públicas (1927), Relatório do Ministério da Agricultura, Indústria e Comércio (1910), bem como, a sinopse do recenseamento de 1900 e o Recenseamento do Brasil de 1920. A análise mostrou que a ferrovia impactou de forma diferente as cidades analisadas, enquanto em Campina Grande consolidou a centralidade urbana regional desta, em Mossoró, por causas das circunstâncias adversas e a conclusão tardia da Estrada de Ferro Mossoró-Sousa, esse incremento técnico não foi preponderante na consolidação da centralidade de Mossoró, embora a cidade se constitua uma importante centralidade na referida linha férrea.
The impact of biochar and arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculation on garden egg (Solanum gilo L.) performance
Authors: Abdulsalam Saheed Olawale , Akinrinola Tajudeen Bamidele 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Garden eggs are an important vegetable, but often yield poorly due to soil fertility depletion. Biochar has gained interest in mitigating nutrient loss, while arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) reportedly enhance plant nutrition. However, limited information exists on garden egg responses to biochar application and their interactions with mycorrhizal inoculation. Therefore, the effects of biochar and AMF inoculation on garden egg performance were investigated. In a 3 × 2 factorial field experiment during the 2021 and 2022 cropping seasons, biochar (0, 2.5, and 5 t/ha) and AMF inoculation (−AMF and +AMF) were evaluated in a randomised complete block design with three replicates. Garden egg (NHSg−3) seedlings were transplanted at 60 cm × 60 cm spacing. Data were subjected to ANOVA at p < 0.05. Applying 5 t/ha biochar and AMF inoculation resulted in a significant leaf area increase compared with their respective controls. Fruit yield was significantly higher with 2.5 t/ha biochar than other treatments. The AMF-inoculated plants had significantly higher fruit yield (726.40 kg/ha) than the untreated plants (644.17 kg/ha). Fruit yield for biochar and AMF interactions ranged from 436.50 (− AMF) to 854.53 kg/ha (+AMF inoculation) at 5 t/ha biochar. However, 5 t/ha biochar resulted in significantly higher weed biomass and lower microbial count, while 2.5 t/ha biochar +AMF and −AMF treatments gave 771.63 and 802.08 kg/ha fruit yields, respectively, enhanced microbial counts, and reduced weed biomass. Applying 2.5 t/ha biochar without AMF inoculation was considered adequate for good garden egg performance and improved soil conditions.