bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of heat‐bias soaking on cesium fluoride‐treated CIGS thin film solar cells
Authors: Khatri Ishwor , Matsuura Junpei , Sugiyama Mutsumi , Nakada Tokio 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe combined effect of heating and forward bias voltage, that is, heat‐bias soaking (HBS) on cesium fluoride (CsF)‐free and CsF‐treated Cu(In1‐xGax)Se2 (CIGS) solar cells using chemical bath deposition‐cadmium sulfide (CBD‐CdS) buffer layer was investigated with varying the heating temperature, bias voltage, and biasing time. Heat bias soaking followed by heat soaking (HS) (ie, HBS/HS) treatments improved the open‐circuit voltage (VOC) and conversion efficiency for the CsF‐treated CIGS solar cell, whereas such a beneficial effect was not observed for CsF‐free CIGS solar cells. Capacitance‐voltage measurement confirmed the significantly increased carrier concentration (NCV) after HBS for the CsF‐CIGS solar cell, which is one of the possible reasons for the increased VOC. Because of the extremely high NCV, the short‐circuit current density (JSC) decreased owing to the narrower depletion width. However, the high NCV could be tuned to an appropriate value via a subsequent moderate heating procedure without biasing. As a result, the JSC loss was reduced, thereby improving the cell efficiency. These results open a new route to improve the efficiency of alkali‐treated CIGS solar cells.
Solution structure of a ubiquitin‐like protein from Trypanosoma brucei
Authors: Mi Juan , Zhang Jiahai , Liao Shanhui , Tu Xiaoming 
Published: July 2018

AbstractUbiquitin‐like proteins, similar to ubiquitin, can either exist freely or be covalently attached to other proteins via an enzymatic cascade. The ubiquitin‐like proteins play roles in multiple biological processes including transcription, stress responses, DNA repair and so on. In this study, a novel ubiquitin‐like protein (TbUbl11) was identified in Trypanosoma brucei. The solution structure of TbUbl11 was solved by NMR spectroscopy. TbUbl11 adopts a conserved β‐grasp fold composed by a five‐stranded β‐sheet curling around a central α‐helix, similar to other ubiquitin‐like proteins. Meanwhile, some differences between TbUbl11 and other ubiquitin‐like proteins were also identified. Additionally, we revealed that TbUbl11 is located in the whole cell body of procyclic‐form T. brucei.
Strengthening the vision: Examining the understanding of a framework for teacher leadership development by experienced science teachers
Authors: Criswell Brett A. , Rushton Gregory T. , Nachtigall Dawn , Staggs Samuel , Alemdar Meltem , Cappelli Christopher J. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe program team operating an NSF Noyce Master Teacher program has been building a conceptual framework for developing teacher leaders. The program has focused its efforts on a group of 16 chemistry and physics teachers in Southeast high‐needs schools. The conceptual framework is based on the view that teacher leaders are those individuals who retain a classroom presence, while simultaneously innovating practice and empowering others. A core principle of the framework is that embodying these attributes requires an ability to see oneself and the teaching practice in a way that goes beyond the expertise associated with content and pedagogical knowledge. Evidence drawn from years three and four of the NSF Noyce Master Teacher program are presented to demonstrate the participating teachers’ understanding of the framework's components. These data also indicate the potential of the teachers to use the framework's principles to engage in leadership activity. Characterizing such understanding and the changes in it are foundational to determining the way such a framework influences teachers’ approaches to leadership. This paper has implications for the growing number of teacher leader initiatives across the United States, and for the question of whether science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) teacher leadership should be considered separately from a general notion of teacher leadership.
Design, Synthesis, In Vitro Evaluation and Docking Studies of Pyrazole‐Thiazole Hybrids as Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Agents
Authors: Gondru Ramesh , Sirisha K , Raj Sneha , Gunda Shravan Kumar , Kumar C Ganesh , Pasupuleti Mukesh , Bavantula Rajitha 
Published: July 2018

AbstractIn the present study, a series of novel pyrazole‐thiazole hybrids (4a‐l) were designed, synthesized and assessed for their in vitro antimicrobial activity against both Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative pathogenic bacterial and fungal strains. Compounds derived from p‐CH3 phenyl (4b), p‐Br phenyl (4g), 8‐bromocoumarinyl (4k), and 6,8‐dibromocoumarinyl (4l) exhibited promising inhibitory activity against the tested bacterial strains with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)/minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) spectrum of 1.9/7.8 μg/mL to 3.9/7.8 μg/mL. The compounds with p‐CH3 phenyl (4b), p‐OCH3 phenyl (4c), benzo[f]coumarinyl (4j), 8‐bromocoumarinyl (4k) substitutions showed their inhibitory potency against various Candida strains with MIC/minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) values of 3.9/7.8 μg/mL. Also, anti‐biofilm and toxicity profile of the compounds was also tested. The biofilm inhibition results revealed that the compound 4 j exhibited promising activity with an IC50 value of 11.8 μM against S. aureus MTCC 96, while 4 k showed significant activity against S. aureus MLS16 MTCC 2940, K. planticola MTCC 530 and C. albicans MTCC 3017 with IC50 values of 12, 14 and 16 μM, respectively. The present study has emphasized that thiazole‐pyrazole hybrids with benzothiazole and coumarin scaffolds can be a novel and potent class of molecules with potential biological activities.
Business and Human Rights in Occupied Territory: The UN Database of Business Active in Israel’s Settlements
Authors: AZAROVA Valentina 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe law and practice concerning the responsibilities of businesses and the obligations of their home states in relation to private dealings in occupied territory are under-developed. The establishment of a database by the United Nations (UN) Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights to monitor the activities of corporate actors in the Occupied Palestinian Territory (OPT) is an opportunity to provide much-needed guidance on the scope of application of existing international law in this paradigmatic case of a high-risk business environment. This article engages with the contribution of this initiative to the regulation of transnational corporate dealings through two normative issues: the structural characteristics and effects of the violations taking place in certain business environments maintained in the OPT on the responsibilities of business and home states; and the various modes through which businesses become directly linked with and contribute to the illicit property rights regime underpinning the existence of settlements and the serious human rights abuses perpetuated by their maintenance.
‘Self-screening’ for malnutrition with an electronic version of the Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (‘MUST’) in hospital outpatients: concurrent validity, preference and ease of use
Authors: Cawood Abbie L. , Walters Emily R. , Sharp Sarah K. E. , Elia Marinos , Stratton Rebecca J. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractSelf-screening using an electronic version of the Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (‘MUST’) has been developed but its implementation requires investigation. A total of 100 outpatients (mean age 50 (sd 16) years; 57 % male) self-screened with an electronic version of ‘MUST’ and were then screened by a healthcare professional (HCP) to assess concurrent validity. Ease of use, time to self-screen and prevalence of malnutrition were also assessed. A further twenty outpatients (mean age 54 (sd 15) years; 55 % male) examined preference between self- screening with paper and electronic versions of ‘MUST’. For the three-category classification of ‘MUST’ (low, medium and high risk), agreement between electronic self-screening and HCP screening was 94 % (κ=0·74, se 0·092; P<0·001). For the two-category classification (low risk; medium+high risk) agreement was 96 % (κ=0·82, se 0·085; P<0·001), comparable with the previously reported paper-based self-screening. In all, 15 % of patients categorised themselves ‘at risk’ of malnutrition (5 % medium, 10 % high). Electronic self-screening took 3 min (sd 1·2 min), 40 % faster than previously reported for the paper-based version. Patients found the tool easy or very easy to understand (99 %) and complete (98 %). Patients that assessed both tools found the electronic tool easier to complete (65 %) and preferred it (55 %) to the paper version. Electronic self-screening using ‘MUST’ in a heterogeneous group of hospital outpatients is acceptable, user-friendly and has ‘substantial to almost-perfect’ agreement with HCP screening. The electronic format appears to be as agreeable and often the preferred format when compared with the validated paper-based ‘MUST’ self-screening tool.
BONGARTZ τ-COMPLEMENTS OVER SPLIT-BY-NILPOTENT EXTENSIONS
Authors: ZITO STEPHEN 
Published: July 2018

AbstractLet C be a finite dimensional algebra with B a split extension by a nilpotent bimodule E, and let M be a τC-rigid module with U its Bongartz τC-complement. If the induced module, M ⊗CB, is τB-rigid, we give a necessary and sufficient condition for U ⊗CB to be its Bongartz τB-complement. If M is τB-rigid, we again provide a necessary and sufficient condition for U ⊗CB to be its Bongartz τB-complement.
DOWRY, ‘DOWRY AUTONOMY’ AND DOMESTIC VIOLENCE AMONG YOUNG MARRIED WOMEN IN INDIA
Authors: Pallikadavath Saseendran , Bradley Tamsin 
Published: July 2018

SummaryDowry practice, women’s autonomy to use dowry (‘dowry autonomy’) and the association of these with domestic violence were examined among young married women in India. Data were taken from the ‘Youth in India: Situation and Needs Study’ carried out in six Indian states during 2006–07. A total of 13,912 women aged 15–24 years were included in the study. About three-quarters of the women reported receiving a dowry at their marriage, and about 66% reported having the ability to exercise autonomy over the use of it – ‘dowry autonomy’. Dowry given without ‘dowry autonomy’ was found to have had no protective value against young women experiencing physical domestic violence in India. While women’s participation in paid employment increased the odds of them experiencing physical domestic violence, women’s education and marrying after the age of 18 years reduced the likelihood of experiencing physical domestic violence.
Current distribution and status of swamp deerRucervus duvaucelii duvauceliiin the upper Gangetic plains of north India
Authors: Paul Shrutarshi , Pandav Bivash , Mohan Dhananjai , Habib Bilal , Nigam Parag , Mondol Samrat 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe swamp deerRucervus duvauceliiis the largest grassland-dwelling endemic cervid of India and Nepal. With a declining population trend across its range, this species is found in fragmented habitats of northern, north-eastern and central India and south-western Nepal. The northern swamp deer subspeciesRucervus duvaucelii duvauceliioccurs in small wetland patches across the states of Uttarakhand and Uttar Pradesh in India and has lost most of its habitat in the last century. Information about the distribution of the swamp deer in the upper Gangetic plains is limited, except in the Jhilmil Jheel Conservation Reserve in Uttarakhand and around the Bijnor barrage area of Hastinapur Wildlife Sanctuary in Uttar Pradesh. We surveyed the upper Gangetic plains between the Reserve and the Sanctuary, including some adjoining areas and three tributaries of the Ganges, to assess the status of these habitats, current swamp deer distribution and the threats faced by the species. We found several areas harbouring swamp deer within non-protected wetlands along the entire surveyed stretch of the upper Ganges and a previously unreported population in Uttar Pradesh. We documented major threats including habitat conversion, livestock grazing, poaching, conflict and other anthropogenic disturbances. We recommend community driven conservation and management ofRucervus duvaucelii duvauceliiin this fragmented landscape to ensure survival of this species and other threatened fauna of these wetlands and grasslands.
Cognitive functioning following discontinuation of antipsychotic medication. A naturalistic sub-group analysis from the OPUS II trial
Authors: Albert Nikolai , Randers Lasse , Allott Kelly , Jensen Heidi Dorthe , Melau Marianne , Hjorthøj Carsten , Nordentoft Merete 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe effect of antipsychotics medication on cognitive functioning in patients diagnosed with schizophrenia is poorly understood. Some studies of second generation antipsychotics indicated that they improved cognitive functioning while other studies have found that they decrease the level of cognitive functioning.MethodWe included patients with schizophrenia who were in treatment with antipsychotics 1.5 years (baseline) after initiation of treatment and followed them up 3.5 years later (n= 189). At follow-up 60 (32%) had discontinued their antipsychotic treatment and 129 (68%) were still taking antipsychotics. Using the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia (BACS) we assessed cognition at baseline and follow-up.ResultsThe patients who discontinued their medication had a higher level of cognitive functioning in all domains at baseline, as well as Global cognitive function [meanz-score −1.50 (s.d. 1.24)v.−2.27 (s.d. 1.30),p= 0.00015]. After controlling for relevant confounders those who discontinued antipsychotic medication improved significantly more than those who remained on antipsychotic medication during the course of the follow-up on the Token Motor task [estimated mean change difference −0.46 (95% CI −0.89 to −0.04)], the Speed of Processing Domain [estimated mean change difference −0.38 (95% CI −0.68 to −0.08)] and global cognition [estimated mean change difference −0.36 (95% CI −0.66 to −0.07)].ConclusionDue to the naturalistic design, we cannot conclude on the direction of the relationship between antipsychotics and cognition. There is no evidence that discontinuation of medication had a negative effect on cognitive functioning. Rather, we found that that discontinuation of medication was associated with better cognitive functioning.
Larger right inferior frontal gyrus volume and surface area in participants at genetic risk for bipolar disorders
Authors: Drobinin V. , Slaney C. , Garnham J. , Propper L. , Uher R. , Alda M. , Hajek T. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBackgroundLarger grey matter volume of the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) is among the most replicated biomarkers of genetic risk for bipolar disorders (BD). However, the IFG is a heterogeneous prefrontal region, and volumetric findings can be attributable to changes in cortical thickness (CT), surface area (SA) or gyrification. Here, we investigated the morphometry of IFG in participants at genetic risk for BD.MethodsWe quantified the IFG cortical grey matter volume in 29 affected, 32 unaffected relatives of BD probands, and 42 controls. We then examined SA, CT, and cortical folding in subregions of the IFG.ResultsWe found volumetric group differences in the right IFG, with the largest volumes in unaffected high-risk and smallest in control participants (F2,192 = 3.07, p = 0.01). The volume alterations were localized to the pars triangularis of the IFG (F2,97 = 4.05, p = 0.02), with no differences in pars opercularis or pars orbitalis. Pars triangularis volume was highly correlated with its SA [Pearson r(101) = 0.88, p < 0.001], which significantly differed between the groups (F2,97 = 4.45, p = 0.01). As with volume, the mean SA of the pars triangularis was greater in unaffected (corrected p = 0.02) and affected relatives (corrected p = 0.05) compared with controls. We did not find group differences in pars triangularis CT or gyrification.ConclusionsThese findings strengthen prior knowledge about the volumetric findings in this region and provide a new insight into the localization and topology of IFG alterations. The unique nature of rIFG morphology in BD, with larger volume and SA early in the course of illness, could have practical implications for detection of participants at risk for BD.
Strong terahertz radiation generation by cosh-Gaussian laser beams in axially magnetized collisional plasma under non-relativistic ponderomotive regime
Authors: Varshney Prateek , Upadhayay Ajit , Madhubabu K. , Sajal Vivek , Chakera J. A. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractWe propose a scheme for terahertz (THz) radiation generation by non-linear mixing of two cosh-Gaussian laser beams in axially magnetized plasma with spatially periodic density ripple where electron-neutral collisions have been taken into account. The laser beams exert a non-linear ponderomotive force due to spatial non-uniformity in the intensity. The plasma electrons acquire non-linear oscillatory velocity under the influence of ponderomotive force. This oscillatory velocity couples with preformed density ripples (n′ = n0αeiαz) to generate a strong transient non-linear current that resonantly derives THz radiation of frequency ~ωh (upper hybrid frequency). Laser frequencies (ω1 and ω2) are chosen such that the beat frequency (ω) lies in the THz region. The periodicity of density ripple provides phase-matching conditions (ω = ω1 − ω2 and $\vec k = \vec k_1 - \vec k_2 + {\rm \vec \alpha} $) to transfer maximum momentum from laser to THz radiation. The axially applied external magnetic field can be utilized to enhance the non-linear coupling and control various parameters of generated THz wave. The effects of decentered parameters (b), collisional frequency (νen), and magnetic field strength (B0 = ωcm/e) are analyzed for strong THz radiation generation. Analytical results show that the amplitude of THz wave enhances with decentered parameters as well as with the magnitude of axially applied magnetic field. The THz amplitude is found to be highly sensitive to collision frequency.
Medicine-based evidence: the case of antidepressants in patients with coronary artery disease
Authors: Barbui C. , Ostuzzi G. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractIn individuals with coronary artery disease and concurrent depressive symptomatology, the evidence on the beneficial and harmful effects of antidepressants is very limited. Recently, a study was carried out to describe depressive symptoms and the treatments provided under real-world circumstances to cardiac patients who entered the Mayo Clinic cardiac rehabilitation program. Antidepressant use was associated with reductions in depressive symptoms, but also with poorer cardiovascular outcomes. In this commentary, the results of this study are discussed in view of their clinical implications for everyday clinical practice and for the production of knowledge.
Life Satisfaction in Adolescents: The Role of Individual and Social Health Assets
Authors: Calmeiro Luis , Camacho Inês , de Matos Margarida Gaspar 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe aim of this study is to explore the relationship between adolescents’ life satisfaction and individual and social health assets. A nationally representative sample of 3,494 Portuguese adolescents (mean age = 14.94 ± 1.30 years; 53.6% girls) completed the Health Behavior in School-aged Children survey measuring a variety of health behaviors and beliefs. A sequential regression analysis was conducted with gender, individual assets (academic achievement, social competence, self-regulation and life objectives) and social assets (family support, peer support, parental monitoring and school connectedness) entered in separate steps. A second regression analysis was conducted with social assets entered before individual assets. The final model explained 18.3% of life satisfaction. School connectedness (β = .198, p < .001) and family support (β = .154, p < .001) were the strongest predictors of adolescents’ life satisfaction followed by social competence (β = .152, p < .001), academic achievement (β = .116, p < .001) and self-regulation (β = .064, p < .001). Social assets explained a larger variance of life satisfaction than individual assets when entered first in the regression (r2 = .134 and r2 = .119, respectively, p < .001). When entered last step in the regression analysis, social assets added more to life satisfaction’s variance than when individual assets were added in the last step (r2 = .060 and r2 = .045, respectively, p < .001). These results reinforce the role social interaction and social capital models in the promotion of well-being.
Assessment of Free Time Motivation on a Sample of 11 to 18 Year-Old Catalan-Speaking Spanish Adolescents
Authors: Malo Sara , Viñas Ferran , González-Carrasco Mònica , Casas Ferran , Alsinet Carles 
Published: July 2018

AbstractFree time is considered to be a very important aspect of adolescents’ psychosocial development. One of the instruments that has been developed to explore motivation in relation to free time activities is Baldwin and Caldwell’s (2003) Free Time Motivation Scale for Adolescents (FTMS-A), based on Ryan and Deci (2000) Self-Determination Theory. The main aim of this study is to explore the psychometric properties of the FTM S-A after its translation and adaptation to Catalan, administering it to a sample of 2,263 adolescents aged between 11 and 18 (M= 14.99;SD =1.79) from Catalonia, Spain. To explore structural validity we follow two steps: Firstly, we analyze how the scale fits with the original model by conducting a CFA on the whole sample; secondly, we conduct an EFA on one half of the sample and a CFA on the other half in order to identify which structure best suits the sample. We also analyze convergent validity using three indicators of subjective well-being: The Personal Well-Being Index (PWI), the Satisfaction with Life scale (SWLS) and the Overall Life Satisfaction scale (OLS). The initial CFA produces a 5-factor model like the original, but with goodness of fit indices that do not reach the acceptable minimum. The EFA and the second CFA show a good fit for a 3-dimensional model (χ2(90)= 320.293;RMSEA= .048;NNFI= .92;CFI= .94) comprising introjected motivation, intrinsic motivation and amotivation. The correlations obtained between the FTMS-A and the three measures of subjective well-being scales show an association between free time motivations and this construct. Due to the model of scale used in the present study differs from the original, it is proposed that the new scale structure with 16 items be tested in the future in different cultural contexts.
Regulieren exekutive Funktionen und die emotionale Kontrolle die Stresssymptomatik zwischen dritter und fünfter Klasse?
Authors: Simanowski Stefanie , Klotz Nicola D. , Augustin Ruth , Krajewski Kristin 
Published: July 2018

Zusammenfassung. In dieser Studie wurde der Einfluss kognitiver und emotionaler Regulationsfertigkeiten auf psychische Stresssymptome von Schulkindern untersucht. Möglich wäre ein direkter Einfluss der Regulationsfertigkeiten auf Stresssymptome oder ein indirekter Einfluss mediiert über die Schulleistungen. Bei 177 Drittklässler_innen wurden bis zum Halbjahr der fünften Klasse die psychische Stresssymptomatik, die exekutiven Funktionen, die emotionale Kontrolle sowie die Mathematik- und Deutschnoten erfasst. Es zeigte sich, dass die individuelle psychische Stresssymptomatik sich heterogen veränderte, die exekutiven Funktionen nahmen jedoch weder direkt noch indirekt signifikanten Einfluss auf die psychische Stresssymptomatik oder deren Veränderung. Auch der Einfluss der emotionalen Kontrolle auf die psychische Stresssymptomatik erwies sich als gering.