bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular profile of tongue cancer in an 18‐year‐old female patient with no recognizable risk factor
Authors: Ambele Melvin A. , Pepper Michael S. , van Heerden Marlene B. , van Heerden Willie F. P. 
Published: April 2019

BackgroundThe occurrence of oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) in nonsmoking young adults, especially females, has increased. Yet, there is no clear evidence to support the existence of any single determinant. This case reports the presence of TSCC in an 18‐year‐old female with no recognizable risk factor for oral cancer development.MethodsHistological examination and p16 immunohistochemistry were performed. Formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded sections were prepared from resected tissue and DNA was extracted for molecular OncoScan analysis.ResultsHistological and immunochemical analysis showed a p16‐negative poorly differentiated keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma. OncoScan analysis of this tumor revealed a high confidence TP53:p.R213*:c.637C>T somatic mutation as well as copy number alterations of chromosomal regions including gains of 1p, 3q, 5p, 7p, 8p, 8q, 11q, 15q, 17q, and 20p, and losses on 1p, 3p, 18q, and 22q.ConclusionThe TP53:p.R213*:c.637C>T mutation detected is indicative of a genetic predisposition to cancer and it is the first to be reported in TSCC in a nonsmoking young adult.Level of EvidenceCase report
Performance of revised STO(1M)‐3G basis set for prediction of 5‐fluorocytosine chemical shifts
Authors: Kupka Teobald , Mnich Adrianna , Broda Małgorzata A. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractNuclear shieldings and chemical shifts of 5‐fluorocytosine (5FC) were predicted in the gas phase and DMSO solution modeled by polarizable continuum model using B3LYP density functional and revised STO(1M)‐3G basis set. For comparison, eight arbitrary selected basis sets including STO‐3G and medium‐size Pople‐type and larger dedicated Jensen‐type ones were applied. The former basis sets were significantly smaller, but the calculated structural parameters, harmonic vibrational frequencies, were very accurate and close to those obtained with larger, polarization‐consistent ones. The predicted 13C and 1H chemical shieldings of 5FC and cytosine, selected as parent molecule, were acceptable (root mean square for 13C chemical shifts in DMSO of about 5 ppm and less) though less accurate than those calculated with large basis sets, dedicated for prediction of nuclear magnetic resonance parameters.
Describing Fine-Scale Patterns of Genetic Structure and Introgression of Redband Trout in a Complex River System
Authors: Bohling Justin H. , Starcevich Steven J. , Von Bargen Jennifer , Bailey Elizabeth J. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The conservation status of Redband Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss gairdneri has been an increasing concern of fish managers. Effective fish management first requires an understanding of the spatial distribution of distinct populations and the processes influencing gene flow. We performed a genetic analysis of Redband Trout from the Deschutes River basin in central Oregon to discern population genetic structure and the genetic impacts of an extensive hatchery stocking program and several potential barriers to dispersal. Conducting surveys in lateral habitats, we sampled over 1,400 young-of-the-year Redband Trout and genotyped them at a panel of 269 SNPs using genotyping-in-thousands by sequencing. We found that within this section of the Deschutes River basin there were multiple distinct genetic groups of Redband Trout, with an irrigation diversion dam and only one of eight waterfalls in the study area acting as complete barriers to gene flow. Within these distinct genetic groups there was a strong signal of isolation by distance. Despite the extensive stocking of large numbers out-of-basin hatchery Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss, our results indicated that introgression of wild fish occurred only with a locally derived hatchery strain of Redband Trout. Hatchery influence was greatest in Fall River and in neighboring portions of the Deschutes River. The combination of spatially explicit sampling in lateral habitat with genotyping via high-throughput sequencing provided an effective sampling design for this large river and its tributaries. Such an approach may be useful elsewhere for identifying genetic management units of Redband Trout and other widespread freshwater fishes.
Design of dissipative multimaterial viscoelastic‐hyperelastic systems at finite strains via topology optimization
Authors: Zhang Guodong , Khandelwal Kapil 
Published: April 2019

SummaryThis study focuses on the topology optimization framework for the design of multimaterial dissipative systems at finite strains. The overall goal is to combine a soft viscoelastic material with a stiff hyperelastic material for realizing optimal structural designs with tailored damping and stiffness characteristics. To this end, several challenges associated with incorporating finite‐deformation viscoelastic‐hyperelastic materials in a multimaterial design framework are addressed. This includes consideration of a thermodynamically consistent finite‐strain viscoelasticity model for simulating energy dissipation together with F‐bar finite elements for handling material incompressibility. Moreover, an effective multimaterial interpolation scheme is proposed, which preserves the physics of material mixtures in the context of density‐based topology optimization. A numerically accurate analytical design sensitivity calculation is also presented using a path‐dependent adjoint method. Furthermore, both prescribed‐load and prescribed‐displacement boundary conditions are considered in the optimization formulations, together with various strategies for controlling stiffness. As demonstrated by the numerical examples, the use of the stiffer hyperelastic material phase in a design not only improves stiffness but also increases energy dissipation capacity. Moreover, with the finite‐deformation theory, the effect of the loading magnitude on the optimized designs can be observed.
Porous organosilicone modified gelatin hybrids with controllable and homogeneous in vitro degradation behaviors for potential application as skin regeneration scaffold
Authors: Du Weining , Zhang Zetian , Gao Wenwei , Li Zhengjun 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThis work aims at investigating intensively the effects of organosilicone species and their dosage on the physicochemical and particularly the in vitro degradation properties of gelatin hybrids. We prepared various porous organosilicone modified gelatin hybrids with epoxy‐polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and/or glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS) and further systematically investigated their degradation behaviors in simulated physiological environments. It was found that the chemical composition, thermal stability, crosslinking degree, mechanical properties and porous structure of the gelatin hybrids could be tuned by adjusting the amount of PDMS and GPTMS. More importantly, degradation rates of the gelatin hybrids were reduced with increasing content of GPTMS, implying that the degradation behaviors could be controlled by tailoring the chemical interaction between the gelatin and organosilicone moieties. In addition, gelatin hybrids modified with both PDMS and GPTMS (PGs‐GE) were demonstrated as a homogeneous hybridization, and their maximum weight losses met the typical healing period of a normal skin wound. Noticeably, the P1G1‐GE hybrid with PDMS to GPTMS molar ratio 1:1 exhibited appropriate weight loss, integrity of pore structure and synchronous dissolution of silicon and protein during the degradation process, indicating a homogeneous degradation behavior. Furthermore, both the original and degraded P1G1‐GE hybrid exhibited favorable cytocompatibility in vitro. The findings will be helpful for further insight into the in vivo degradation of gelatin hybrids, suggesting their potential application as skin regeneration scaffolds. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Entropic death of nonpatterned and nanopatterned polyelectrolyte brushes
Authors: Menzel Matthias , Chen Wei‐Liang , Simancas Kimberly , Xu Hong , Prucker Oswald , Ober Christopher K. , Rühe Jürgen 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACTThe stability of nonpatterned and nanopatterned strong polyelectrolyte brushes (PEBs) is studied as a function of both brush character and the properties of a contacting liquid. High‐molecular‐weight PEBs of poly(4‐methyl vinylpyridinium iodide) (PMeVP) are synthesized using surface‐initiated radical‐chain polymerization. Nanopatterned brushes (NPBs) line with pattern sizes ranging from 50 to 200 nm are generated by patterning the initiator layer using deep‐ultraviolet photolithography followed by brush growth initiated from the patterned layer. Homogeneous PEBs with different degrees of charging and grafting densities are exposed to water and salt solutions with different temperatures for different periods. The degradation is monitored through dry‐state ellipsometry and atomic force microscopy measurements. Enhanced degrafting for more strongly swollen polymer brushes can be observed in agreement with an “entropic spring” model. Based on the results of the nonpatterned brushes, the NPBs are exposed to water at different temperatures and external salt content for varying periods of time. Counterintuitively, the NPBs show increased degrafting for smaller patterns, which is attributed to different polymer chain dynamics for nanobrushes and microbrushes. We investigate the influence of thermodynamic and kinetic parameters on the stability of (nanopatterned) PEBs and discuss the role of entanglements and formation of complexes in such films. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2019, 57, 1283–1295
Lung function, exercise tolerance, and physical growth of children with congenital lung malformations at 8 years of age
Authors: Hijkoop Annelieke , van Schoonhoven Marloes M. , van Rosmalen Joost , Tibboel Dick , van der Cammen‐van Zijp Monique H. M. , Pijnenburg Mariëlle W. , Cohen‐Overbeek Titia E. , Schnater Johannes M. , IJsselstijn Hanneke 
Published: April 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo improve counseling on congenital lung malformations (CLM) by describing long‐term outcomes of children either operated on or managed by observation.Study designWe analyzed lung function (spirometry), exercise tolerance (Bruce treadmill), and physical growth of 8‐year‐old children with CLM who participated in our longitudinal prospective follow‐up program. The data are shown as median standard deviation scores (SDS) with IQR, or estimated marginal means (95% CI) on the basis of general linear models.ResultsTwenty‐nine (48%) of the 61 children had required surgery at a median age of 108 (IQR: 8‐828) days, and 32 (52%) were managed by observation. In the surgery group, all lung function measurements (except for forced vital capacity [FVC]) were significantly below 0 SDS, with median FEV1 −1.07 (IQR: −1.70 to −0.56), FEV1/FVC −1.49 (−2.62 to −0.33), and FEF25%‐75% −1.95 (−2.57 to −0.63) (all P < 0.001). Children in the observation group had normal FEV1 and FVC, whereas FEV1/FVC (−0.81 (−1.65 to −0.14)) and FEF25%‐75% (−1.14 (−1.71 to −0.22)) were significantly below 0 SDS (both P < 0.001). Mean exercise tolerance was significantly below 0 SDS in both groups (observation: −0.85 (95% CI: −1.30 to −0.41); surgery: −1.25 (−1.69 to −0.80)); eight (28%) children in the observation group and ten (40%) in the surgery group scored <−1 SDS. Physical growth was normal in both groups.ConclusionChildren with CLM may be at risk for reduced lung function and exercise tolerance, especially those who required surgery. As little pulmonary morbidity was found in children with asymptomatic CLM, this study supports a watchful waiting approach in this group.
Oxidation energies of shuttle molecules candidates in lithium‐ion batteries from double‐hybrid models
Authors: Alipour Mojtaba 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAs promising candidates for protecting against both overcharge and overdischarge of lithium‐ion batteries, the shuttle molecules should be named. Considering the action mechanism of these molecules, it is turned out that their oxidation energies are important factors. Alongside the experimental efforts, computational chemistry within density functional theory (DFT) can play imperative roles in this respect. In the present contribution, in order to predict the oxidation energies of shuttle molecules the double‐hybrid (DH) approximations from DFT are of concern. In particular, applicability of the recently proposed DHs including parameterized, parameter‐free, and spin‐opposite‐scaled functionals is evaluated for our purpose. With more or less different accountabilities of the DHs under study, it is revealed that from the parameterized and parameter‐free approximations, the B2‐PLYP and Perdew‐Burke‐Ernzerhof (PBE)‐cubic integrand DH (CIDH) functionals, respectively, have the lowest deviations while the SOS0‐PBE0‐DH is the winner against others within the category of spin‐opposite‐scaled DHs. Perusing the role of both nonlocal exchange and correlation contributions in the energy expression of DHs on the predicted oxidation energies unveils that the high fractions of these terms do not guarantee better performance, but an appropriate proportion between the two is needed to achieve a reliable accuracy. Although this study ascertains the efficiency of DHs for describing the oxidation energies of shuttle molecules candidates, we hope that our findings can function as an inspiring avenue to develop novel DH approximations with a broad range of applications in electrochemistry.
The dynamics of financial instability: simplifying Keen's Goodwin–Minsky model
Authors: Rammelt Crelis F. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractMarket capitalism typically goes through cycles of expansion and contraction. Every now and then, these common economic cycles go off the hinges. They become unstable and can lead to recessions, crises and depressions—phenomena that economists typically explain by looking to exogenous forces. Alternative explanations—mostly Marxian and Keynesian—for the instabilities have been sought within the structure of the economic system itself. One such explanation is provided by Steve Keen in his Goodwin–Minsky model. The model effectively mimics the dynamics of key indicators prior to, during and after the 2007/08 crisis. However, the model is also over‐specified, highly sensitive to initial conditions and therefore more difficult to convey. In line with George Box's plea for parsimony, this paper presents a more straightforward version of Keen's model that remains consistent with its fundamental behaviour. The model also illustrates the potential for further dialogue between Marxian economics and system dynamics.© 2019 The Author System Dynamics Review published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of System Dynamics Society
Alternative Recovery and Valorization of Metals from Exhausted Catalytic Converters in a New Smart Polymetallic Catalyst
Authors: Tieuli Sebastiano , Baldi Franco , Arčon Iztok , Vogel‐Mikuš Katarina , Gallo Michele , Sperni Laura , Piccolo Oreste , Paganelli Stefano 
Published: April 2019

AbstractA new metals‐polymeric composite, Metx‐EPS (I), was prepared to be used as catalyst in water or in two‐phase aqueous conditions. The metals source was an exhausted catalytic converter that was grinded and treated with an acidic solution at room temperature. After filtration, the solution was concentrated, neutralized and added to a broth of Klebsiella oxytoca DSM 29614 to produce (I) where metals are embedded in a peculiar polysaccharide structure (EPS). The composite was easily recovered from the fermentation broth and purified. The process protocol was verified many times and was shown to be reproducible satisfactorily. The % recovery of metals, originally present in the converter, was good as determined by atomic absorption. The morphology and the chemical state of main metals in (I) were investigated by X‐ray absorption spectroscopy methods (XANES and EXAFS). No metallic alloy seems to be evident. The catalytic activity and a possible synergic effect due to the presence of the different metals was valuated in the hydrogenation of some substrates, valuable precursors for the production of fine chemicals.
Ceria/reduced Graphene Oxide Nanocomposite: Synthesis, Characterization, and Its Lubrication Application
Authors: Min Chunying , He Zengbao , Liu Dengdeng , Jia Wei , Qian Jiamin , Jin Yuhui , Li Songjun 
Published: April 2019

AbstractReduced graphene oxide nanosheet decorated with uniform ceria (CeO2) nanoparticles was prepared via a simple hydrothermal method. The anchored CeO2 nanoparticles with diameters of 3.5‐4.5 nm were well distributed on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets. The as‐prepared CeO2/rGO nanocomposites can be highly dispersed into the paraffin oil to form a stable monodisperse solution at the broad temperature range from −7°C to 160°C. The tribological performance of CeO2/rGO nanocomposites as oil lubricant additives was systematically investigated using a MS−T3000 ball‐on‐disk tester. The results indicated that paraffin oil with 5 wt% CeO2/rGO exhibited the best lubrication performance in terms of the lowest friction coefficient and wear rate compared to only GO or CeO2 nanoparticles as lubricant additives. Notably, the base oil filled with CeO2/rGO revealed the excellent tribological properties as friction coefficient and wear rate separately decreased by 15.85% and 76.03%, in comparison with the base paraffin oil. Moreover, optical microscope images of the wear surface of the steel disc as well showed that CeO2/rGO nanocomposites exhibited higher anti‐wear capability than GO nanosheet and CeO2 nanoparticles. The unique tribological properties of CeO2/rGO suggested the synergistic friction reduction and anti‐wear mechanism of rGO nanosheet and CeO2 nanoparticles.
Hip‐Hop Early Literacy in K–1 Classrooms
Authors: Meacham Shuaib James , Meacham Sohyun , Thompson Misty , Graves Hattie 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe authors employ hip‐hop music as a literacy heuristic aimed at supporting the literacy development of kindergarten and first‐grade students. How do young students learn to write hip‐hop lyrics? How do young students engage in hip‐hop reading and writing processes? The classroom examples show that students engaged in individual and interactive writing practices and a variety of practices associated with music disciplinary literacy. Hip‐hop reading and lyric composition constituted culturally relevant literacy, which connected the students to the literacy practices found in their community and families.
Integrating human behavior dynamics into drought risk assessment—A sociohydrologic, agent‐based approach
Authors: Wens Marthe , Johnson J. Michael , Zagaria Cecilia , Veldkamp Ted I. E. 
Published: April 2019

Droughts are a persistent and costly hazard impacting human and environmental systems. As climate variability continues to increase and socioeconomic development influences the distribution of wealth and people, drought risk is expected to increase in many parts of the world. The unique characteristics of droughts—namely their slow onset, large spatiotemporal extent, human‐influenced propagation, delayed impacts and teleconnection potential—make it difficult to correctly assess drought impact and calculate risk. Further complicating this calculation is the capacity for humans to make adaptive decisions before, during, and after a drought event, which in turn alters expected impacts. In this sense, droughts are equally a social and hydroclimatic issue. Risk perception is one of the main factors driving adaptation decisions, yet most models neglect how humans view and respond to risk, and in particular how experiences influence decisions through time. In this overview, we describe a framework that extends the traditional risk modeling approach to include the two‐way feedback between the transient adaptation decisions and drought exposure, vulnerability and hazard. We discuss how a sociohydrologic, agent‐based modeling setup, focused on individual and collective actions, can simulate the adaptive behaviors of different stakeholders to examine how emergent actions might influence projected drought risk. We suggest such an approach can provide a test‐bed for understanding adaptive behaviors in an increasingly drought‐prone world and could allow for better prioritization of drought adaptation strategies; refined understanding of future scenarios; and a vehicle to drive planning and resilience building.This article is categorized under:

Science of Water > Water Extremes
Engineering Water > Planning Water
Engineering Water > Methods
Dualism and Exclusion
Authors: Vaassen Bram 
Published: April 2019

AbstractMany philosophers argue that exclusion arguments cannot exclude non-reductionist physicalist mental properties from being causes without excluding properties that are patently causal as well. List and Stoljar (Australas J Philos 95(1):96–108, 2017) recently argued that a similar response to exclusion arguments is also available to dualists, thereby challenging the predominant view that exclusion arguments undermine dualist theories of mind. In particular, List and Stoljar maintain that exclusion arguments against dualism require a premise that states that, if a property is metaphysically distinct from the sufficient cause of an effect, this property cannot be a cause of that effect. I argue that this premise is indeed likely to exclude patently causal properties, but that exclusion arguments against dualism do not require this premise. The relation that enables metaphysically distinct properties to cause the same effect in the relevant way turns out to be tighter than the relation typically posited between dualist conscious properties and their underlying physical properties. It is therefore still plausible that the latter causally exclude the former and that compelling exclusion arguments against dualism can be formulated by using a weaker exclusion premise. I conclude by proposing such a formulation.
How to Support Prison Workers’ Perceived Readiness to Identify and Respond to Possible Gambling Problems: a Pilot Study from Two Finnish Prisons
Authors: Castrén S. , Lind Kalle , Järvinen-Tassopoulos Johanna , Alho Hannu , Salonen Anne H. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractProblem gambling is known to be prevalent among prisoners. However, it is not systematically screened and often remains undetected. This pilot study explores prison workers’ (N = 21) knowledge, views, and opinions about problem gambling in two Finnish prisons with a view to improving training and to developing better guidelines for identifying and responding to gambling problems. Four-fifths (81%) of prison workers considered problem gambling a serious issue in Finland. During the past year, more than nine in ten (94.1%) had encountered a prisoner with a gambling problem. Problem gambling was identified in connection with discussions about prisoners’ illegal activity (50%), financial situation (25%), or other problems (25%). Nearly half of the participants felt they did not have adequate training or information about problem gambling and related issues and expressed an interest in continuing education. This pilot study provides important direction for the development of tailored training programs for prison workers. The next step is to increase awareness of gambling programs in a wider national context and to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of training programs.
Increasing burden of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Enterococcus faecium in hospital-acquired bloodstream infections (2000–2014): A national dynamic cohort study
Authors: Blot Koen , Hammami Naïma , Blot Stijn , Vogelaers Dirk , Lambert Marie-Laurence 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe epidemiology of hospital-acquired bloodstream infections (HABSIs) based on the Belgian national surveillance program was analyzed (2000–2014). Our mixed-effects regression analysis identified increased rates of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Enterococcus faecium. HABSI incidence and resistance patterns should be further monitored because of their impact on proper empiric antibiotic therapy.