bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Dietary and Supplemental Omega‐3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Risk of Recurrent Gout Flares
Authors: Zhang MaryAnn , Zhang Yuqing , Terkeltaub Robert , Chen Clara , Neogi Tuhina 
Published: March 2019

ObjectiveTo determine the relationship between omega‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n‐3 PUFA) consumption (dietary or supplemental) and risk of gout flares.MethodsWe used data from the Boston University Online Gout Study, an internet‐based case‐crossover study conducted from February 2003 to January 2012. At the times of gout flares (hazard period) and during gout flare–free periods (control periods), participants completed questionnaires regarding exposures, including supplements and diet, during the preceding 48 hours. We examined the relationship of self‐reported n‐3 PUFA–rich supplements and fish intake with the risk of recurrent gout flares using conditional logistic regression, adjusting for total purine intake, diuretic use, and other urate‐lowering or flare prophylactic medications (allopurinol, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, or colchicine).ResultsOf the 724 participants, 85% met the 1977 American College of Rheumatology preliminary criteria for the classification of the acute arthritis of primary gout. Twenty‐two percent of the participants reported some form of n‐3 PUFA consumption (supplements, 4.6%; dietary fatty fish, 19%) in the 48 hours preceding a gout flare or flare‐free period. The adjusted odds ratios were 1.01 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.63–1.60; P = 0.98) for all 3 supplements combined and 0.74 (95% CI 0.54–0.99; P = 0.04) for consumption of ≥2 n‐3 PUFA–rich fish servings.ConclusionDietary n‐3 PUFA–rich fish consumption, when adjusted for total purine intake, was associated with lower risk of recurrent gout flares, whereas n‐3 PUFA supplementation alone, as taken in a self‐directed manner, was not. Consumption of specific sources and adequate doses of n‐3 PUFA for gout flare prevention warrants further study in an adequately powered clinical trial.
Metal‐Based Transient Micromotors: From Principle to Environmental and Biomedical Applications
Authors: Ge Hongbin , Chen Xiao , Liu Wenjuan , Lu Xiaolong , Gu Zhongwei 
Published: March 2019

AbstractInspired by transient devices, transient self‐destroying micromotors that are propelled by metal–water/acid reactions and autonomously disappear after completing their tasks have emerged as promising tools for diverse applications. Such transient machines require careful selection of the metal matrix and well‐designed architectures for effective propulsion and customized functionality. In particular, recent advances in transient micromotors based on the active metals Zn, Fe, and Mg are introduced here. First, the fundamental design principles of transient micromotors are discussed. Then, their recent progress in environmental and biomedical applications is highlighted.
Fixed‐time state estimation for a class of switched nonlinear time‐varying systems
Authors: Dinh Thach Ngoc , Defoort Michael 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThis paper deals with the state estimation problem of a class of nonlinear time‐varying systems with switched dynamics. Based on the concept of fixed‐time stability, an observer is designed to reconstruct the continuous state of switched nonlinear time‐varying systems with state jumps, satisfying the minimal dwell‐time condition. Using the past input and output values of the studied system, some sufficient conditions are provided to estimate the state before the next switching. Some numerical results illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
Modified performance of MIMO wireless networked time‐delay systems over fading channels
Authors: Zhan Heng , Cheng Ling‐Li , Zhao Zhi‐Xin , Yang Qing‐Sheng , Han Tao 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIn this paper, the modified performance limitation of multi‐input multi‐output (MIMO) wireless networked time‐delay systems over fading channels is investigated, where the characteristic of the fading channels is assumed to be a random process. The modified tracking performance limitation is considered based on frequency domain representation. The display expressions of performance limitation are achieved by using the co‐prime factorization and the spectral decomposition techniques. The obtained results show that the modified performance limitation of the wireless networked time‐delay systems is related to the inherent characteristics of the given plant, including the non‐minimum phase zeroes, the unstable poles, the encoding‐decoding, the fading channels, the bandwidth and the modified factor. Finally, some numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed design method.
Dissipationsenergie bei Ermüdungsversuchen an Betonprobekörpern
Authors: Bode Matthias , Marx Steffen , Vogel Albert , Völker Conrad 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAufgrund des visko‐elasto‐plastischen Materialverhaltens von Beton wird Probekörpern und Bauteilen infolge zyklischer Beanspruchungen Energie zugeführt. Die entsprechenden Energiegrößen werden durch Hystereseflächen der Spannungs‐Dehnungslinien beschrieben. In der Literatur finden sich dabei unterschiedliche Ansätze, wofür diese Energie verwendet wird. Erste Untersuchungen zeigen, dass zumindest ein Teil dieser dissipierten Energie in thermische Energie umgewandelt wird. Mithilfe der in diesem Beitrag beschriebenen Methodik lassen sich diese Energiegrößen für jeden Lastwechsel eines Ermüdungsversuchs schnell und zuverlässig bestimmen. Anschließend wurden mit dem implementierten Algorithmus die dissipierten Energien von insgesamt 27 zyklischen Versuchen ausgewertet. Analog zu der Dehnungsentwicklung und der Steifigkeitsdegradation weisen auch die Verläufe der dissipierten Energie über die Lastwechselzahl einen dreiphasigen Verlauf auf. Die Auswertung zeigt außerdem eine Korrelation zwischen der Bruchlastwechselzahl und der dissipierten Energie. Auch der Zusammenhang zwischen Probekörpererwärmung und dissipierter Energie konnte bestätigt werden.
Cox regression model with randomly censored covariates
Authors: Atem Folefac D. , Matsouaka Roland A. , Zimmern Vincent E. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThis paper deals with a Cox proportional hazards regression model, where some covariates of interest are randomly right‐censored. While methods for censored outcomes have become ubiquitous in the literature, methods for censored covariates have thus far received little attention and, for the most part, dealt with the issue of limit‐of‐detection. For randomly censored covariates, an often‐used method is the inefficient complete‐case analysis (CCA) which consists in deleting censored observations in the data analysis. When censoring is not completely independent, the CCA leads to biased and spurious results. Methods for missing covariate data, including type I and type II covariate censoring as well as limit‐of‐detection do not readily apply due to the fundamentally different nature of randomly censored covariates. We develop a novel method for censored covariates using a conditional mean imputation based on either Kaplan–Meier estimates or a Cox proportional hazards model to estimate the effects of these covariates on a time‐to‐event outcome. We evaluate the performance of the proposed method through simulation studies and show that it provides good bias reduction and statistical efficiency. Finally, we illustrate the method using data from the Framingham Heart Study to assess the relationship between offspring and parental age of onset of cardiovascular events.
Cardioprotective effects of omega‐3 fatty acids and ascorbic acid improve regenerative capacity of embryonic stem cell‐derived cardiac lineage cells
Authors: Shabani Parisa , Ghazizadeh Zaniar , Gorgani‐Firuzjaee Sattar , Molazem Mohammad , Rajabi Sarah , Vahdat Sadaf , Azizi Yaser , Doosti Mahmood , Aghdami Nasser , Baharvand Hossein 
Published: March 2019

AbstractOne of the major issues in cell therapy of myocardial infarction (MI) is early death of engrafted cells in a harsh oxidative stress environment, which limits the potential therapeutic utility of this strategy in the clinical setting. Increasing evidence implicates beneficial effects of omega‐3 fatty acids including eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and ascorbic acid (AA) in cardiovascular diseases, in particular their role in ameliorating fibrosis. In the current study, we aim to assess the cytoprotective role of EPA + DHA and AA in protecting embryonic stem cell (ESC)‐derived cardiac lineage cells and amelioration of fibrosis. Herein, we have shown that preincubation of the cells with EPA + DHA + AA prior to H2O2 treatment attenuated generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and enhanced cell viability. Gene expression analysis revealed that preincubation with EPA + DHA + AA followed by H2O2 treatment, upregulated heme oxygenase‐1 (HO‐1) along with cardiac markers (GATA4, myosin heavy chain, α isoform [MYH6]), connexin 43 [CX43]) and attenuated oxidative stress‐induced upregulation of fibroblast markers (vimentin and collagen type 1 [Col1]). Alterations in gene expression patterns were followed by marked elevation of cardiac troponin (TNNT2) positive cells and reduced numbers of vimentin positive cells. An injection of EPA + DHA + AA‐pretreated ESC‐derived cardiac lineage cells into the ischemic myocardium of a rat model of MI significantly reduced fibrosis compared to the vehicle group. This study provided evidence that EPA + DHA + AA may be an appropriate preincubation regimen for regenerative purposes. © 2019 BioFactors, 45(3):427–438, 2019
Prognostic impact of repeat sentinel lymph node biopsy in patients with ipsilateral breast tumour recurrence
Authors: Poodt I G M , Vugts G , Schipper R J , Roumen R M H , Rutten H J T , Maaskant-Braat A J G , Voogd A C , Nieuwenhuijzen G A P , Luiten E J T , Rutgers E J T , Vrancken-Peeters M T F D , Bessems M , Klaase J M , Muller S , Francken A B , Van Dalen T , Jansen L , Koopal S A , Vissers Y L J , Smidt M L , Merkus J W S , Contant C M E , Veldman P H , Linthorst-Niers E M H , van der Sijp J R , Guicherit O R , Koppert L B , Bosch A M , Strobbe L J A , Schlooz-Vries M S , Arntz I E , van Essen J A , de Waard J W D , Vrouenraets B C , van Ooijen B 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Background
Ipsilateral breast tumour recurrence (IBTR) has an unfavourable prognosis, with a significant subsequent risk of distant recurrence. Repeat sentinel lymph node biopsy (rSLNB) has recently been demonstrated to be technically feasible and useful in tailoring adjuvant treatment plans in patients with IBTR. The prognostic impact of rSLNB in patients with IBTR remains unclear. This study analysed the risk of distant recurrence after IBTR, and evaluated the prognostic impact of rSLNB and other patient and tumour characteristics on distant recurrence-free survival.

Methods
Data were obtained from the SNARB (Sentinel Node and Recurrent Breast Cancer) study. Cox proportional hazards analyses were performed to assess the prognostic effect of tumour, patient and treatment factors on distant recurrence-free survival.

Results
Of the 515 included patients, 230 (44·7 per cent) had a tumour-negative rSLNB and 46 (8·9 per cent) a tumour-positive rSLNB. In 239 patients (46·4 per cent) the rSLNB procedure was unsuccessful. After a median follow-up of 5·1 years, 115 patients (22·3 per cent) had developed a recurrence. The overall 5-year distant recurrence-free survival rate was 84·2 (95 per cent c.i. 80·7 to 87·7) per cent. An interval of less than 2 years between primary breast cancer treatment and ipsilateral recurrence (P = 0·018), triple-negative IBTR (P = 0·045) and absence of adjuvant chemotherapy after IBTR (P = 0·010) were independently associated with poor distant recurrence-free survival. The association between the outcome of rSLNB and distant recurrence-free survival was not statistically significant (P = 0·682).

Conclusion
The outcome of rSLNB is not an important prognostic factor for distant recurrence, and its value as a staging tool in patients with IBTR seems disputable.
SALL4 induces radioresistance in nasopharyngeal carcinoma via the ATM/Chk2/p53 pathway
Authors: Nie Xin , Guo Ergang , Wu Cheng , Liu Dongbo , Sun Wei , Zhang Linli , Long Guoxian , Mei Qi , Wu Kongming , Xiong Huihua , Hu Guoqing 
Published: March 2019

AbstractRadiotherapy is the mainstay and primary curative treatment modality in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), whose efficacy is limited by the development of intrinsic and acquired radioresistance. Thus, deciphering new molecular targets and pathways is essential for enhancing the radiosensitivity of NPC. SALL4 is a vital factor in the development and prognosis of various cancers, but its role in radioresistance remains elusive. This study aimed to explore the association of SALL4 expression with radioresistance of NPC. It was revealed that SALL4 expression was closely correlated with advanced T classification of NPC patients. Inhibition of SALL4 reduced proliferation and sensitized cells to radiation both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, SALL4 silencing increased radiation‐induced DNA damage, apoptosis, and G2/M arrest in CNE2 and CNE2R cells. Moreover, knockdown of SALL4 impaired the expression of p‐ATM, p‐Chk2, p‐p53, and anti‐apoptosis protein Bcl‐2, while pro‐apoptosis protein was upregulated. These findings indicate that SALL4 could induce radioresistance via ATM/Chk2/p53 pathway and its downstream proteins related to apoptosis. Targeting SALL4 might be a promising approach for the development of novel radiosensitizing therapeutic agents for radioresistant NPC patients.
Heroes on the Hill: A qualitative study of the psychosocial benefits of an intercultural arts programme for youth in Northern Ireland
Authors: Scrantom Katharine , McLaughlin Katrina 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe current study investigates the psychosocial benefits of a cross‐community, intercultural dance programme for youth in Northern Ireland. Psychological theories, including contact theory and the ecology of childhood development, underpin the study, and results are discussed in relation to the programme's aims. The present study used qualitative, inductive methods; data consisted of interviews before and after the programme with facilitators (n = 2) and 10 (n = 10) programme participants (11–15 years old) of diverse races and nationalities. Latent themes were identified using thematic analysis. Findings reveal that participants have complex senses of identity. Worryingly, they also reported many instances of bullying, relating both to themselves and others. Results reveal three main psychosocial benefits of the programme, all of which promote positive mental health in adolescents. The benefits are increased self‐confidence, the formation of new cross‐community friendships, and improved intercultural awareness and pride. It is argued that the programme is an exemplar of how the arts can promote peace as well as resilience in the face of adversity. Recommendations for future research are included.
TAK1 is a druggable kinase for diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma
Authors: Wu Yuanyuan , Yang Riyun , Ming Yue , Xu Yuanpei , Chen Hao , Yao Min , Chen Xia , Mao Renfang , Fan Yihui 
Published: March 2019

Diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common form of lymphoma, and up to 30% DLBCL patients eventually died by using first‐line chemotherapy regimens. Currently, Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor (ibrutinib) is one of the most promising medicine in clinical trials for DLBCL, to which about 25% of patients with relapsed or refractory DLBCL are responsive. Thus, it is urgent to discover new druggable targets for DLBCL, especially for patients who are unresponsive to first‐line chemotherapy and ibrutinib. Here, we found that MAP 3K7 (TAK1) is required for DLBCL survival. Inhibition of TAK1 by small molecule 5Z7 or genetic silence could massively induce deaths of DLBCL cells. Mechanistically, TAK1 inhibition could dramatically reduce the nuclear factor kappa B (NF‐κB) activity. Notably, ibrutinib‐resistant DLBCL cells also respond to TAK1 inhibition. Database analysis showed that high expression of TAK1 in patients with DLBCL shows poor survival. A subtype of DLBCL patients showed that high expression of both TAK1 and BTK1 is poorly responsive to the current chemotherapy. Moreover, DLBCL cell line with high expression of both TAK1 and BTK1 is resistant to Dox. Simultaneously targeting TAK1 and BTK not only increases cellular toxicity of individual drug but also enhances the sensitivity to Dox. Taken together, we provide convincing evidence to show that kinase TAK1 is a druggable target in DLBCL.Significance of the studyCurrently, there is still a significant portion of patients with DLBCL who are unresponsive to first‐line chemotherapy. Thus, identification of novel druggable targets such as kinase is critical important. Here, we found that TAK1 inhibition promotes death of DLBCL cells through inhibition of chronic NF‐κB signalling. Importantly, TAK1 inhibition overcomes ibrutinib resistance in DLBCL cells. Finally, DLBCL patients with high expression of both TAK1 and BTK showed extremely poor survival. In summary, we provide convincing results to demonstrate a potential important druggable kinase in DLBCL.
Fatty Acid Biosynthesis: Chain‐Length Regulation and Control
Authors: Heil Christina S. , Wehrheim S. Sophia , Paithankar Karthik S. , Grininger Martin 
Published: March 2019

AbstractDe novo biosynthesis of fatty acids is an iterative process requiring strict regulation of the lengths of the produced fatty acids. In this review, we focus on the factors determining chain lengths in fatty acid biosynthesis. In a nutshell, the process of chain‐length regulation can be understood as the output of a chain‐elongating C−C bond forming reaction competing with a terminating fatty acid release function. At the end of each cycle in the iterative process, the synthesizing enzymes need to “decide” whether the growing chain is to be elongated through another cycle or released as the “mature” fatty acid. Recent research has shed light on the factors determining fatty acid chain length and has also achieved control over chain length for the production of the technologically interesting short‐chain (C4–C8) and medium‐chain (C10–C14) fatty acids.
Incomplete coronary sinus reducer endothelialization as potential mechanism of clinical failure
Authors: Zivelonghi Carlo , Vermeersch Gaelle , Verheye Stefan , Agostoni Pierfrancesco 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe number of patients suffering from refractory angina is constantly increasing. Moreover, these patients are considered at higher risk for new hospitalizations and increased incidence of adverse cardiac events. The coronary sinus reducer was recently introduced as a new therapeutic option in patients with refractory angina and no possibilities for coronary revascularization. However, a consistent percentage of patients, ranging from 15 to 30%, reports no clinical benefits after coronary sinus reducer implantation. The reasons for this lack of effectiveness are at present unknown. We suggest here a possible explanation to this phenomenon.
A Rechargeable Aqueous Sodium‐Ion Battery
Authors: Thimmappa Ravikumar , Gautam Manu , Aralekallu Shambhulinga , Devendrachari Mruthunjayachari Chattanahalli , Kottaichamy Alagar Raja , Bhat Zahid Manzoor , Thotiyl Musthafa Ottakam 
Published: March 2019

AbstractWe report a rechargeable sodium‐ion battery in an aqueous environment with hydrophobic few‐layer graphene as the capacitive anode and hexacyanometallate as the insertion cathode. Owing to the lack of hydrophilic functionalities, sodium‐ion adsorption is selectively favored over H+ adsorption at the hydrophobic anode/electrolyte interface without the complexity of widely encountered hydrogen‐ion insertion/H2 evolution. Hydrophobicity precludes chemical bond formation with sodium ions, thereby improving reversibility and extended cyclability during charge discharge chemistry.
SO‐CovSel: A novel method for variable selection in a multiblock framework
Authors: Biancolillo Alessandra , Marini Federico , Roger Jean‐Michel 
Published: March 2019

AbstractWith the development of technology and the relatively higher availability of new instrumentations, having multiblock data sets (eg, a set of samples analyzed by different analytical techniques) is becoming more and more common and, as a consequence, how to handle this kind of outcomes is a widely discussed topic. In such a context, where the number of involved variables is relatively high, selecting the most significant features is obviously relevant. For this reason, the possibility of joining a multiblock regression method, the sequential and orthogonalized partial least‐squares (SO‐PLS), with a variable selection approach called covariance selection (CovSel), has been investigated. The resulting method, sequential and orthogonalized covariance selection (SO‐CovSel) is similar to SO‐PLS, but the feature reduction provided by PLS is performed by CovSel. Finally, predictions are made by applying multiple linear regression on the subset of selected variables. The novel approach has been tested on different multiblock data sets both in regression and in classification (by combination with LDA), and it has been compared with another state‐of‐the‐art multiblock method. SO‐CovSel has demonstrated to be suitable for its purpose: It has provided good predictions (both in regression and in classification) and, from the interpretation point of view, it has led to a meaningful selection of the original variables.
3D Single Bubble Breakup Tracking in a Stirred Tank
Authors: Krakau Frederic , Kraume Matthias 
Published: March 2019

AbstractA detailed understanding of turbulent fluid particle breakup mechanisms is essential for the accurate modeling of gas/liquid and liquid/liquid dispersions. The design of a fully automated setup for the three‐dimensional serial examination of the single bubble breakup process in a stirred tank, ensuring high repetition rates necessary for the additionally automated statistical analysis, is described. The implementation of a three‐dimensional automatic bubble breakup tracking tool is illustrated. At last, exemplary bubble breakup trajectories that show the benefits and limitations of the developed system and method are discussed.