bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of activities participation on frailty of older adults in China
Authors: Ni Zihan , Zhu Xiuyuan , Shen Yuxin , Zhu Xiaoying , Xie Shiyu , Yang Xiaoguang 
Published: November 2024

ObjectiveFrailty represents a significant health challenge among older adults, necessitating effective interventions to enhance their overall wellbeing. This study aims to investigate the impact of various types of activity participation on frailty in older adults and to elucidate their intrinsic associations, thereby providing a basis for targeted interventions.MethodsThis study constructed a classification of activities based on the framework proposed by the WHO regarding functional ability in healthy aging, innovatively dividing activities into five categories: physical activity, social activity, economic activity, information activity and sleep activity. Utilizing data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS 2020), the research employed multiple linear regression and mediation analysis to explore the effects of these activities on the frailty status of older adults and their underlying mechanisms. Furthermore, propensity score matching was conducted to robustly test the regression results.ResultsThe study found that physical activity (β = −0.006, p &lt; 0.01), social activity (β = −0.007, p &lt; 0.01), economic activity (β = −0.017, p &lt; 0.01), information activity (β = −0.040, p &lt; 0.01) and sleep activity (β = −0.044, p &lt; 0.01) all had significant positive effects on the frailty status of older adults. Additionally, sleep activity mediated the relationship between physical activity and frailty status, accounting for 4.819%. Social activity mediated the relationship between information activity and frailty status, accounting for 7.692%.ConclusionOlder adults should enhance their participation in various activities to alleviate frailty. This can be further improved through the following three aspects: engaging in moderate physical exercise, fostering and promoting awareness of volunteer services, and popularizing the use of information technology.
Barriers for work in people with multiple sclerosis: a Norwegian cultural adaptation and validation of the short version of the multiple sclerosis work difficulties questionnaire
Authors: Normann Britt , Arntzen Ellen Christin , Honan Cynthia A. 
Published: November 2024

Background and purposeMultiple sclerosis (MS) is associated with high rates of unemployment, and barriers for work are essential to identify in the regular follow-up of these people. The current study aimed to culturally adapt and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Norwegian version of the Multiple Sclerosis Work Difficulties Questionnaire-23 (MSWDQ-23).MethodsFollowing backward and forward translation, the Norwegian version of the MSWDQ-23 (MSWDQ-23NV) was completed by 229 people with multiple sclerosis (MS). Validity was evaluated through confirmatory factor analysis and by associating scores with employment status, disability, and health-related quality of life outcome measures. Convergent validity was checked by correlating MSWDQ-23 scores with alternative study measures. Internal consistencies were examined by Cronbach's alfa.ResultsA good fit for the data was demonstrated for the MSWDQ-23NV in confirmatory factor analysis, with excellent internal consistencies also demonstrated for the full scale and its subscales (physical barriers, psychological/cognitive barriers, external barriers). The MSWDQ-23NV subscales were related in the expected direction to health-related quality of life outcome measures. While higher scores on the physical barriers subscale was strongly associated with higher levels of disability and progressive MS types, higher scores on all subscales were associated with not working in the past year.DiscussionThe Norwegian MSWDQ-23 is an internally consistent and valid instrument to measure perceived work difficulties in persons with all types of MS in a Norwegian-speaking population. The MSWDQ-23NV can be considered a useful tool for health care professionals to assess self-reported work difficulties in persons with MS. The Norwegian MSWDQ-23 scale should be examined for test-retest reliability and considered implemented in the regular follow up at the MS-outpatient clinics in Norway to support employment maintenance.
Assessment of the barriers towards menstrual hygiene management: evidence from a qualitative study among school communities: lessons from Bahir Dar city in northwest Ethiopia
Authors: Adane Yimenu , Ambelu Argaw , Azage Muluken , Mekonnen Yalemtsehay 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundThe challenges of safe menstrual hygiene management practices in low-income settings, including the study areas are pressing. However, Studies specifically focusing on barriers that schoolgirls face in managing monthly menstruation in schools of Bahir Dar are inadequate and scarce.MethodTo ensure the robustness of the findings, a comprehensive study was conducted among schoolgirls and boy students aged 12–20 in three schools. This study employed focus group discussions and in-depth interviews with students and leaders of the school gender club. A word cloud generator was used to visually represent frequently mentioned keywords, and the data generated from interviews were analyzed using the Open Code 4.03 tool.ResultsThe findings, derived from focus group discussions and in-depth interviews, revealed several significant barriers that schoolgirls face in practicing safe menstrual hygiene management. These barriers, including sociocultural factors (133), inadequate use of menstrual hygiene management facilities (73), inadequate knowledge before menarche (59), and a general lack of support (35), underscore the multifaceted nature of the issues. Importantly, these findings emphasize the urgent need for targeted interventions to address these barriers and improve menstrual hygiene management among schoolgirls.ConclusionSchoolgirls in Bahir Dar encounter numerous challenges in maintaining safe menstrual hygiene practices. Addressing the identified modifiable barriers represents crucial areas for intervention, requiring collaborative efforts from school communities and other relevant stakeholders to create an environment conducive to promoting and enhancing safe menstrual hygiene practices.
Digital tools and welfare: adoption determinants among ginger producers in Southern and Central Ethiopia
Authors: Gizachew Fetagn , Kuma Berhanu , Tafesse Alula , Lambamo Alemu 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionLow adoption rates of digital tools in agricultural extension services persisted among smallholder ginger producers in Southern and Central Ethiopia, despite their recognized benefits. This study investigated the factors that drove or hindered digital tool adoption in this context.MethodsA mixed-methods approach was used, combining qualitative interviews and quantitative data analysis. The Endogenous Switching Regression model was applied to examine the socio-economic, institutional, and technological factors affecting adoption.ResultsThe results showed that digital tool adoption significantly enhanced both agricultural productivity and household income among smallholder farmers. Key determinants included access to digital infrastructure, availability of ICT resources, and tailored extension services.DiscussionThe findings suggested a need for policies that promoted digital adoption, emphasizing infrastructure investment, expanded ICT access, and the development of specialized extension programs. These actions were seen as crucial for advancing rural livelihoods, supporting sustainable agriculture, and stabilizing the regional economy.
A new combination of a prebiotic and postbiotic mitigates immunosenescence in vaccinated healthy senior dogs
Authors: Wambacq Wendy A. , Apper Emmanuelle , Le Bourgot Cindy , Barbe Florence , Lyu Yang , Pelst Michael , Broeckx Bart J. G. , Devriendt Bert , Cox Eric , Hesta Myriam 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionElderly dogs often suffer from chronic diseases, in part attributed to immunosenescence, characterized by reduced blood CD4+ T cells (helper T cells) and elevation in the CD8+ T cells subset (cytotoxic T cells). Studies conducted in adult dogs suggested that supplementing short chain fructo-oligosaccharides (scFOS) or postbiotics derived from yeasts may positively influence the immune response. The aim of the current study was to investigate whether dietary supplementation with a combination of scFOS with a new yeast postbiotic (Profeed ADVANCED® called scFOS+) could have a positive influence on the immune status of senior dogs subjected to an immune challenge (Lyme disease vaccination).MethodsTo this end, 22 healthy senior client-owned dogs were divided into two groups: one group received a placebo diet without scFOS+ and the other group the basal diet supplemented with 1.1% scFOS+. In order to assess immune function, complete blood count, serum acute phase proteins, immunoglobulins, cytokines, T-cell subsets and antibody secreting cells were analyzed. Furthermore, faecal score and pH were recorded.Results and discussionDogs fed the scFOS+ supplement had decreased total serum IgA concentrations (p &lt; 0.01), which might suggest a more local IgA response in agreement with what was previously found when adult dogs were supplemented with β-1, 3/1, 6-glucan, a yeast-based product. More importantly, the present study demonstrated that feeding 1.1% scFOS+ to healthy senior dogs increased the CD4+:CD8+ T-cell (Helper:Cytotoxic T cell) ratio (p &lt; 0.001) during and after vaccination against Lyme disease. Combining scFOS and yeast-derived postbiotics in the diet can therefore counter certain characteristics of T-cell immunosenescence in dogs.
Research on motion characterization of goose neck in narrow space
Authors: Zhang Fu , Sun Haoxuan , Wang Jiajia , Wang Xinyue , Qiu Yubo , Cui Xiahua , Ali Shaukat 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionInspired by the obstacle avoidance mechanism of goose neck, a theoretical design method of bionic robotic arm was proposed to solve the contradiction between high flexibility and strong bearing capacity in narrow space.MethodsTaking the goose neck as the test object, a narrow space test environment with a width of 10 cm was built, and a 6 × 4 obstacle matrix was set up, to analyze the maximum value of joint angle, motion rate and trajectory in different target areas.ResultsThe test results showed that the goose neck movement has continuity and transmissibility. The overall posture of the goose neck was adjusted through the synergistic movement of the anterior, middle and posterior segments to move toward the target position. The regulating effect of the anterior segment was significantly stronger than that of the middle and posterior segments. Specifically, the anterior segment of goose neck exhibited mostly transverse movement, with significant horizontal regulation; the middle segment of the goose neck was coupled with longitudinal movement, with similar movement ability in all directions, the posterior segment of the goose neck has mostly longitudinal movement, with significant height regulation.ConclusionIn addition, the YOLOv7-pose recognition network was used to recognize goose neck motion pose, which provides a new method for animal behavior research.
Understanding the veterinary antibiotic flow in Malawi: complexities, gaps and needs
Authors: Mhone Amos Lucky , Muloi Dishon M. , Moodley Arshnee 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionVeterinary antibiotics are essential for maintaining animal health and welfare, however, small-scale farmers in Malawi face challenges in accessing them due to limited availability, affordability, and long distances to rural drug retailers.MethodsThis study mapped the veterinary antibiotic distribution chain, examined the governance structure of the chain, and analyzed access and usage practices among stakeholders in Malawi. Data were collected through focus group discussions (n = 15), key informant interviews (n = 6) and individual interviews (n = 189).ResultsThe key stakeholders identified included regulators, local pharmaceutical manufacturers, wholesalers, veterinary clinics, veterinary retail shops, animal health practitioners, and farmers. The distribution of veterinary antibiotics was characterized by both formal and informal pathways for importing and distributing veterinary medicines. Additionally, there were issues with antibiotic mishandling such as improper storage on open shelves in direct sunlight and disposal in pit latrines. There was a marked lack of proper antibiotic dispensation training among veterinary medicine shop attendants, and in terms of regulation, there were gaps in coordination and overlapping mandates among regulatory authorities hindering effective regulation.DiscussionRegulatory agencies need to strengthen oversight of veterinary antibiotics, conduct trainings on antibiotic stewardship with various stakeholders, and enhance public-private partnerships to better manage the informal pathways for importing and distributing veterinary medicines. This multi-sectoral approach aims to ensure responsible use and improve the pharmacovigilance of veterinary antibiotics.
حق تملك الأجنبي (غير الكويتي) للعقار في دولة الكويت
Authors: الغانم بشائر صلاح عبدالله 
Published: November 2024

الأهداف: تهدف الدراسة إلى تعرّف موقف المشرع الكويتي من حق الأجنبي - العربي وغير العربي، والشخص الطبيعي والشخص الاعتباري- في تملّك العقار في الكويت، والشروط التي يجب توفرها للتمتع بهذا الحق. المنهج: اعتمدت الدراسة على المنهج الوصفي التحليلي. النتائج: اتجه المشرع الكويتي في تنظيمه لمسألة تملك غير الكويتي إلى استخدام ألفاظ تعبر عن القومية العربية، ويترتب على ذلك أن غير العربي لا يستطيع تملك العقار في الكويت، وأن الشركة الكويتية التي تضم شركاء غير كويتيين تحرم من تملك العقار، ونرى في ذلك افتئاتاً على غرض المشرع الكويتي من جذب الاستثمار. الخاتمة: الاستعاضة عن لفظ العربي بلفظ الأجنبي أو غير الكويتي؛ ليكون أكثر شمولية، وكذا إيراد نص قانوني ينظم ملكية العقار لمن فقد الجنسية الكويتية.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN VISUAL MELALUI KOMIK FISIKA:ALAT-ALAT OPTIK PADA PESERTA DIDIK
Authors: Halwiah Halwiah , Subaer Subaer , Hasyim Mutahharah 
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan (Research and Development) yang bertujuan untuk menghasilkan produk media pembelajaran visual melalui komik fisika pada materi alat-alat optik yang bersifat valid, efektif, dan praktis. Pengembangan media pembelajaran melalui visualisasi komik ini mengacu pada model pengembangan 4-D yang telah disederhanakan menjadi tiga tahapan yang meliputi tahap pendefinisian (define), perancangan (design), dan pengembangan (develop). Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh adalah: 1) penilaian kelayakan/kevalidan ahli media dipeoleh dan ahli materi diperoleh berdasarkan uji Gregory sehingga dikategorigan valid dan layak ; 2) pada tahap uji coba terbatas kepada 29 peserta didik memperoleh rata-rata skor tes hasil belajar 75 dari skor ideal 100 dengan ketuntasan kelas 89,65% atau 26 orang yang tuntas; 3) respon peserta didik dan guru untuk media pembelajaran visual melalui komik pada materi alat-alat yang dikembangkan memperoleh kategori sangat tinggi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa media pembelajaran visual melalui komik diniali valid, efektif dan praktis setelah dilakukan ujicoba terbatas kepada peserta didik kelas XII MIPA 4 SMAN 11 Pinrang dan respon dari guru.
ANALISIS PROSES PEMBELAJARAN FISIKA DI MAN 1 MURUNG RAYA MELALUI PENGAMATAN VIDEO MENGGUNAKAN TBLA PADA MATERI GERAK HARMONIK SEDERHANA
Authors: Ristia Mutiara Gulton  , Nova Susanti  , Rahma Dani  , Fika Arika  
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif yang bertujuan menganalisis keterlaksanaan pembelajaran fisika berdasarkan RPP dan keefektifan pembelajaran dengan menggunakan Transcript Based Lesson Analysis (TBLA) pada materi gerak harmonik sederhana melalui pengamatan video pembelajaran yang dilakukan guru PPG di MAN 1 Murung Raya. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini berasal dari video rekaman pembelajaran yang dilakukan guru PPG di kelas X MAN 1 Murung Raya. Dimana dalam penelitian ini terdapat 2 video yang dianalisis menggunakan TBLA dan disesuaikan keterlaksanaannya dengan RPP. Hasil analisis menunjukkan Secara keseluruhan kegiatan pembelajaran fisika dengan model PBL dalam video rekaman pembelajaran fisika di MAN 1 Murung Raya sudah terlaksana sesuai dengan RPP. Melalui analisis isi video rekaman, kegiatan pendahuluan, kegiatan inti dan kegiatan penutup terlihat dengan jelas dari pengamatan video dan hasil transkripnya. Secara keseluruhan kegiatan pembelajaran fisika dengan model PBL dalam video rekaman pembelajaran fisika di MAN 1 Murung Raya sudah terlaksana sesuai dengan RPP. Melalui analisis isi video rekaman, kegiatan pendahuluan, kegiatan inti dan kegiatan penutup terlihat dengan jelas dari pengamatan video dan hasil transkripnya. Dari penjelasan diatas disimpulkan bahwa proses pembelajaran fisika di MAN 1 Murung Raya sudah terlaksana sesuai RPP dan proses pembelajaran berlangsung secara efektif.
ANALISIS KEAKTIFAN BELAJAR FISIKA PESERTA DIDIK SMA NEGERI 15 LUWU
Authors: Tenri Allung  , M. A. Martawijaya  , Mutahharah Hasyim  
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan gambaran keaktifan belajar fisika peserta didik SMAN 15 Luwu ditinjau berdasarkan penerapan model pembelajaran berbasis masalah dalam pembelajaran fisika tahun ajaran 2022/2023. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif yang bersifat deskriptif. Variabel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu keaktifan belajar fisika peserta didik. Subjek penelitian ini yaitu kelas XI Mipa 3 yang terdiri dari 30 peserta didik. Data hasil penelitian diperoleh dengan melakukan pengamatan secara langsung dan mengisi lembar observasi dengan indikator menulis rangkuman materi, mengerjakan soal Latihan, mencatat hasil kelompok, menulis pendapat mengenai pokok bahasan, menulis pertanyaan, dan menuliskan jawaban. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan yaitu analisis deskriptif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian bahwa keaktifan belajar pada pertemuan pertama pendidik menggunakan model pembelajaran langsung berada pada kategori kurang aktif dengan persentase 73.3% dan kategori cukup aktif dengan persentase 26.7%. keaktifan belajar fisika peserta didik pada pertemuan kedua dan ketiga menggunakan model Problem Based Learning. Pada pertemuan kedua keaktifan belajar fisika peserta didik berada pada kategori cukup aktif dengan persentase 60% dan aktif dengan persentase 40%. Sedangkan pada pertemuan ketiga keaktifan belajar fisika peserta didik terbagi menjadi tiga kategori yaitu cukup aktif sebanyak 1 peserta didik dengan persentase 3.3%, aktif sebanyak 21 peserta didik dengan persentase 70% dan sangat aktif sebanyak 8 peserta didik dengan persentase 26.7%.
PENERAPAN PEMBELAJARAN FISIKA BERBASIS KASUS (CASE METHOD) TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN MENYELESAIKAN SOAL HOTS PESERTA DIDIK KELAS XI MIPA SMA NEGERI 16 MAKASSAR
Authors: Maerchy Puteri Lebang  , Nurhayati  , Muh.Saleh  
Published: November 2024

Telah dilakukan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana gambaran kemampuan peserta didik dalam menyelsaikan soal Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) setelah diajar menggunakan pembelajaran berbasis kasus. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian pre-experimental dengan desain One-Shot Case Study. Dimana pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan pemberian instrument tes kemampuan menyelesaikan soal HOTS peserta didik dengan jumlah subjek penelitian sebanyak 35 peserta didik dari kelas XI MIPA 1. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan menyelesaikan soal HOTS Fisika peserta didik kelas XI MIPA SMA Negeri 16 Makassar yang diajar menggunakan metode pembelajaran berbasis kasus dengan model Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah (PBL) dalam materi OPTIK berada pada kategori sangat tinggi dengan persentase sebesar 83,76%. Persentase skor ditinjau dari tiap indikator yaitu menganalisis, mengevaluasi dan mencipta, secara berturut-turut sebesar 80,5 %,80 %, dan 88,90 %.
Trombose Venosa Cerebral: Panorama Geral e Estratégias Diagnósticas
Authors: Junqueira Bersani Marco Antônio , Pereira Gomes Vinícius , Dos Santos Tobias Diogo Felipe , Barbosa de Almeida Juliana , Neves dos Santos Elisandra das , Melo Nunes Ota Tâmara , Ambrosio Barreto Rafael , Araújo Santos Ribeiro Rebeca de , Sanches Fernandes Antônio Fachini , Almeida Lopes Larissa de , Pellizzaro Cavassin Beatriz , Laidane Costanzi Gabriela , Sousa de Oliveira Eduardo , Daniel Zanoni Rodrigo 
Published: November 2024

O objetivo deste estudo é expor a importância de se diagnosticar e tratar precocemente para contribuir com um bom prognóstico. trata-se de uma revisão narrativa de caráter crítico e analítico, na pesquisa sobre os principais conceitos no que tange a Trombose Venosa Profunda. Foi realizada uma revisão de artigos nas bases de dados Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) e PubMed, com os seguintes Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCS): Cérebro; Neurologia; Trombose. A Trombose Venosa Cerebral (TVC) caracteriza-se pela obstrução de veias e seios venosos intracranianos, configurando-se como uma condição cerebrovascular relativamente rara, com uma prevalência de aproximadamente 5 casos a cada 1.000.000 de habitantes globalmente. Essa condição pode afetar indivíduos de qualquer faixa etária, inclusive recém-nascidos, apresentando um pico de incidência em adultos jovens, principalmente entre 30 e 40 anos, sendo mais prevalente em mulheres, com uma razão de três mulheres para cada homem afetado. Essa disparidade de gênero pode ser atribuída a fatores etiológicos associados à TVC, como o uso de contraceptivos orais, gravidez e puerpério. Os sinais clínicos da TVC, muitas vezes inespecíficos, destacam a importância de uma avaliação detalhada e de métodos de imagem, como a ressonância magnética e a venografia por ressonância magnética, para confirmação diagnóstica. O tratamento, que envolve anticoagulação e abordagens sintomáticas, deve ser iniciado rapidamente para otimizar os resultados e reduzir a morbidade associada.
From Communion to Conflict: Sacred Duty and Secular Struggle in Hemingway’s War Epics
Authors: Constandache Ioana 
Published: November 2024

Ernest Hemingway’s For Whom the Bell Tolls delves deeply into the themes of time, mortality, and the human condition, concentrating on the agonising seventy hours that precede the protagonist Robert Jordan’s final act. The work explores universal themes like love, loyalty, and the unavoidable meeting with fate, moving beyond the immediate context of the Spanish Civil War. Hemingway deftly mixes chronological projections, flashbacks, and a foreboding sense of impending doom to portray the complex moral structure of his characters. This results in a rich picture where bravery coexists with cowardice and compassion with violence. The novel’s language duality—a blend of Spanish and English—enhances the story and lends it an epic, vivid tone that is evocative of Elizabethan theatre. The analysis situates For Whom the Bell Tolls within the canon of classical tragedy, highlighting the characters’ valiant resistance to fate as well as the precise unity of time and space. Hemingway creates a story that is both a profound meditation on personal sacrifice and a broader articulation of human unity in the face of group peril by fusing the immediacy of action with the eternal quality of love. The novel’s lasting importance stems from its capacity to convey the spirit of the human being, caught between the fleeting moment and the never-ending battle with mortality.

Received: 5 September 2024 / Accepted: 9 November 2024 / Published: 20 November 2024