bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of operating environments for operating bodies with low tillage
Authors: Sh Primkulov B , Alimova F A , Saidova M T , Allanazarov A A , Khurramov R J 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The report presents the findings of a feasibility study and provides justification for the Republic of Uzbekistan’s usage of Strip-Till technology. The creating a highly efficient technology issues for bedding fields for planting in one pass, developing a combined aggregate structure that efficiently achieves the procedure, and conducting targeted scientific research to substantiate the parameters of the working parts of the aggregate are considered. The records of investigation on the design of tilling bodies of a combined aggregate with optimal parameters are represented. The theoretical observation to substantiate the parameters of the section of the gangs of the aggregate are presented. A theoretical calculation of the lengthwise spacing across the plate disks of the second row and the spear chisel installed on the beam is given. A program of experimental research has been made to verify the results of theoretical research. The degree of influence of the lengthwise spacing value across the plate disks and the spear chisel on the technological performance indicators of the tilling tools section was determined experimentally. Graphs of variation in the soil loosening gauge and changes in the traction resistance of a tilling tools section depending on the longitudinal spacing across the plate disks and the spear chisel are presented. Concordantly of pilot research events for soil loosening at the level of agrotechnical requirements, the lengthwise spacing value across the plate disks and the spear chisel should not be under 25 cm. Data on the economic efficiency of using an aggregate with experimental tilling tools with well-founded ratings for minimal tillage are presented.
Justification of the operating parameters of the soil mill for the formation of a ridge
Authors: Shaymardanov B P , Berdimuratov P T , Jumatov Y K , Berdimurodov U S , Abdurokhmonov Sh X , Ruziyev D I , Asrorova M K 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This paper presents the development and justification of operating parameters for a soil milling machine designed to form ridges for the pre-sowing preparation of industrial crops. The study focuses on determining the optimal parameters of the working bodies and operating modes of the cutter, emphasizing the importance of reducing undesirable soil fractions to enhance seed germination. Experimental results demonstrate that the use of organomineral complexes significantly improves soil structure, leading to better moisture retention and reduced vibrations during sowing. The machine’s design incorporates four sections, each equipped with milling drums, ridge formers, and compaction rollers, allowing for efficient soil preparation in a single pass. Key findings indicate that increasing the number of knives on the milling drum enhances soil crumbling efficiency, with optimal configurations yielding significant improvements in grain weight and overall crop quality. The research highlights the effectiveness of the developed machine in achieving high-quality tillage while conserving resources, thereby contributing to more sustainable agricultural practices.
Theoretical study of the threshing process of corn cob under the influence of the rasp bars
Authors: Fozilov G , Akhmedov A , Yuldashev Sh , Akilova U , Juraev K 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The device described in this scientific article can be used to cut off the unnecessary (top and bottom) part of the corn ears grown for seed, and to thresh and separate the seeds of the precise size. In the course of our research, it was determined that the speed of rotation of the ear corn after impact Ucr
, the radius of the drum Rd
, the angular velocity ωr of the drum at what number of revolutions, the angular speed ωcr of the ear corn after impact, and how it affects the threshing process. According to the physical meaning of the established inequality, the ear corn does not advance from the threshing rasp bar under the impact of the strike of the threshing rasp bar, on the contrary, the threshing rasp bar passes over the corn ear and threshes or removes the seed grains. Also, during the research, Vc
and Vrbr
speeds were analyzed from a theoretical point of view, and their influence on the technological process was studied.
Hydrological analysis using geoelectrics on nickel mine slopes
Authors: Aryanto R , Calvin E , Azizi M A , Marwanza I 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The sudden emergence of groundwater levels has become a critical issue at PT. Makmur Lestari Primatama, a company operating in the nickel industry. Rainwater seeps into the soil, dominates the groundwater levels, and thus impacting the mining slopes. We conducted a geoelectric study to determine the presence of groundwater and its impact on the mining slopes. The slope safety factors ranged from 0.301 to 0.960, categorized as unstable and therefore, unsafe. Redesigning the slopes as a preventive measure is advised.
Karst groundwater conservation based on hydrochemistry and isotope stable analysis in Obi Island, South Halmahera
Authors: Muchamad A N , Alam Boy Yoseph CSS Syah , Abdurrokhim  , Iskandar I 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This paper presents an analysis of the hydrogeological characteristics of the Kelo karst area in Obi Island, South Halmahera, focusing on hydrochemistry and isotopic methods to delineate the groundwater recharge zones and propose conservation measures. Despite its natural state, the Kelo karst area has not been previously studied for hydrogeology nor exploited for resources. Unregulated exploitation of karst areas poses significant environmental risks, leading to the degradation of their strategic and hydrological functions. This study investigates spring characteristics through hydrochemistry analysis, stable isotopes (δ18O and δ2H), and groundwater mixing processes. Hydrochemistry and isotopic analyses elucidate the hydrogeological features, including groundwater origin and recharge mechanisms. The predominant groundwater facies in the study area exhibit a Ca-Mg-HCO3
− composition, reflecting the dissolution processes of both limestone and igneous rock formations. Isotopic analysis and local meteoric water line examination indicate a recharge zone elevation ranging from 612 to 945 meters. Geological features such as fracture zones, lineaments, faults, and sinkholes significantly influence the determination of recharge areas. Protection of these recharge zones is imperative for groundwater conservation, ensuring the sustained availability and quality of groundwater amidst the development pressures on karst landscapes.
Integrated vertical mining and processing for Critical Mineral: A case study in Obi Island, North Maluku Province
Authors: Gultom T H 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Harita Nickel Group in Obi Island, Indonesia pioneered the utilization of limonite nickel ore (Ni <1.5%) for electric car batteries in the country. Nickel mining in Obi Island transitioned from nickel mining in 2010 to integrated mining by establishing downstream processing of raw materials for stainless steel in 2016 and electric car battery in 2018. Pyrometallurgical and hydrometallurgical technologies are employed in factories within Harita Nickel’s mining concession area, notably PT Trimegah Bangun Persada Tbk (PTTBP). This vertically integrated mining and downstream processing in Obi Island, South Halmahera Regency, North Maluku Province, marks a significant advancement in Indonesia’s mining industry. The close proximity (<3km) of mining and factory locations ensures efficiency and low costs. In vertically integrated mining, companies seek to maximize the use of all materials involved in production processes, minimizing waste and optimizing resource utilization. This research focusing on the waste generated during nickel processing of RKEF can be repurposing into new products, reducing environmental impact and increasing sustainability. Nickel, a critical mineral, has garnered global attention, particularly since Indonesia emerged as the world’s largest nickel ore reserve. The extractive industry, employing pyrometallurgy technology, has rapidly produced stainless steel raw materials from nickel mining since 2016. Indonesia’s nickel ore, known as saprolite nickel with high nickel content (>1.7%), has been exploited since the 1970s, while the low-grade limonite nickel layer gained traction only around mid-2018. In the future, Harita Nickel project in western Obi Island will be developed as an Eco Industrial Park for a greater integration, highlighting the comprehensive benefits of vertically integrated mining and providing a more thorough and insightful evaluation of its potential.
Geochemical studies of potential acid-forming classification materials to reduce acid mine drainage formation
Authors: Hadi A L , Arifin Y F , Razie F , Priatmadi B J , Fauzana N A , Noor I 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Acid mine drainage (AMD) is acidic wastewater produced in coal mining operations due to sulfide mineral oxidation. In compliance with the regulations of good mining practice procedures, each mining operation must conduct a geochemical study of the distribution of material classification categories to identify the potential acid-forming (PAF) or not acid-forming (NAF) materials to mitigate the AMD. This research conducted a field observation at one of the post-mining lakes of a coal mining operation in South Kalimantan. It determined materials or rocks that have the potential for acid formation using static tests with the Net Total Acid Producing Potential (NTAPP) method. The results of coring samples were processed to obtain rock lithology data for four drilling points, demonstrating one layer of low-capacity PAF material in borehole point A, one layer of low-capacity PAF material, and one layer of PAF material in borehole point B. Only one layer of PAF material was in borehole point C and borehole point D. These PAF/NAF data highlighted essential information about PAF/NAF, underscoring the significant role of our work in improving the strength and accuracy of mitigation plans and reducing acid mine drainage.
NTB Province’s commitment to achieve net zero emission by 2050 through energy transition
Authors: Rahmawati D , Hadiyanto  , Adiansyah J S 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
West Nusa Tenggara Province (NTB), Indonesia, is on a dedicated path to achieve Net Zero Emissions (NZE) by 2050. This review evaluated the province’s current policies, strategies, and initiatives aimed at transitioning to renewable energy, enhancing energy efficiency, and reducing carbon emissions. NTB’s significant renewable energy potential—spanning hydro, solar, geothermal, wind, biomass, and waste resources—and the projects underway to harness these resources were examined. Key challenges included the impacts of climate change, economic constraints, and infrastructure limitations, posing significant hurdles to the province’s energy goals. However, opportunities such as international collaborations, innovative financing strategies, and the development of large-scale renewable energy projects provide a strong foundation for progress. NTB’s proactive approach highlighted the critical role of community and private sector involvement in driving the energy transition. The review concludes that NTB’s efforts not only set a benchmark for sustainable development in Indonesia but also offer valuable insights for other regions aiming to achieve similar goals.
Geometric analysis of blasting using C.J. Konya method to get the ideal target fragmentation in pit Main Ridge PT. J Resources Bolaang Mongondow site in Bakan, North Sulawesi
Authors: Mufti S , Matrani B F A , Wijaya A 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
PT J Resources Bolaang Mongondow (JRBM) is a gold mining company located in North Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. The rocks in PT JRBM have high hardness and poor efficiency for direct excavation processes, prompting the company to apply the drilling and blasting method. Problems occur when the size of the blasting fragmentation results in the Pit Main Ridge does not match the PT JRBM fragmentation target of P80 measuring 10 cm. This study aims to provide recommendations for blasting geometry that produces fragmentation according to PT JRBM’s target. The actual blasting data were processed using the Split desktop 4.0 software, and the recommended geometry was calculated using the C.J. Konya and Kuz-Ram methods, then the results of both methods were compared. The results showed that the average size of the actual fragmentation size of P80 was 16.44 cm, which mismatched PT JRBM’s target of 10 cm. In contrast, the recommended geometry using C.J. Konya method resulted in 84.655% of the fragmentation was 10 cm. Therefore, C.J. Konya method was recommended for blasting at the Main Ridge Pit of PT JRBM.
Serologic detection of regenerating protein I alpha by time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay and its clinical value in gastric cancer
Authors: Xiang Zhongyi , Wang Xiaoyan , Zhu Akao , Chen Xindong , Qin Yuan , Zhou Xiumei , Zhao Xueqin , Wang Yigang , Huang Biao , Fang Hongming , Liu Pengfei 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Regenerating protein I alpha (REG Iα) plays a key role in the progression of gastric cancer (GC). However, the clinical application value of serum REG Iα in GC remains largely unknown.

Methods
Serum REG Iα levels were analyzed through time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay (TRFIA) in healthy controls (HCs) and patients with benign gastric disease (BGD) and GC.

Results
The REG Iα levels of patients with GC were significantly higher than those of HCs and patients with BGD (P &lt; .0001). The REG Iα levels were higher in patients with GC with poor pathological differentiation type; tumor, node, and metastasis stages III-IV; deep tumor invasion (T3–T4); and distant metastasis (P &lt; .05). The diagnostic efficiency of the combined REG Iα, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) tests improved compared with that of the single-indicator test for the diagnosis of patients with GC.

Conclusion
REG Iα-TRFIA may facilitate the ancillary diagnosis of GC and have a monitoring role for further progression of GC. It can also help elucidate the possible diagnostic role of serum REG Iα as a noninvasive tool.
Corneal strain influences keratocyte proliferation and migration through upregulation of ALDH3A1 expression
Authors: Zhang Qian , Zhou Xin , Zhang Wei , Wang Xiaolei , Dou Shengqian , Zhao Leilei , El‐Habta Roine , Zhou Qingjun , Backman Ludvig J. , Danielson Patrik 
Published: December 2024

AbstractKeratocytes are the primary resident cells in the corneal stroma. They play an essential role in maintaining corneal physiological function. Studying the factors that affect the phenotype and behavior of keratocytes offers meaningful perspectives for improving the understanding and treatment of corneal injuries. In this study, 3% strain was applied to human keratocytes using the Flexcell® Tension Systems. Real‐time quantitative PCR (RT‐qPCR) and western blot were used to investigate the influence of strain on the expression of intracellular aldehyde dehydrogenase 3A1 (ALDH3A1). ALDH3A1 knockdown was achieved using double‐stranded RNA‐mediated interference (RNAi). Immunofluorescence (IF) staining was employed to observe the impact of changes in ALDH3A1 expression on nuclear factor kappa‐light‐chain‐enhancer of activated B cells (NF‐κB) nuclear translocation. Keratocyte proliferation and migration were assessed by bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) assay and scratch wound healing assay, respectively. Mouse injury models and single‐cell RNA sequencing of keratocytes from keratoconus patients were used to assess how strain influenced ALDH3A1 in vivo. Our results demonstrate that 3% strain suppresses keratocyte proliferation and increases ALDH3A1. Increased ALDH3A1 inhibits NF‐κB nuclear translocation, a key step in the activation of the NF‐κB signaling pathway. Conversely, ALDH3A1 knockdown promotes NF‐κB nuclear translocation, ultimately enhancing keratocyte proliferation and migration. Elevated ALDH3A1 levels were also observed in mouse injury models with increased corneal strain and keratoconus patients. These findings provide valuable insights for further research into the role of corneal strain and its connection to corneal injury repair.
mRNA‐encoded fluorescent proteins enable superior organelle labeling for live cell imaging
Authors: Wang Jiahui , Cao Ziyi , Zhang Qun , Yu Xiang , Lan Zhida , Zhao Leiwen , Wang Jie , Wang Wenjing , Zhang Yu , Zhong Zikan , Hou Yutong , He Xiang , An Zhiyin , Yu Hang , Xu Yingjie , Yang Wen 
Published: December 2024

AbstractLive cell labeling of various organelles is of great demand in the research field of cell biology. However, current approaches often lack an optimal balance between efficiency and versatility. We took advantage of chemical modified mRNA to express various organelle located fluorescent proteins. This approach facilitated highly efficient multi‐organelle labeling across diverse cell types, both in vitro and in vivo. The application of mRNA‐based organelle markers offers faster and more efficient transfection and expression compared to plasmids. When expressing fluorescent proteins in neuronal cells, it is faster and safer compared to viral vectors. Notably, this approach excels in rapidly labeling organelles, making it highly effective for dynamic live cell imaging applications. By leveraging this tool, we unveiled the unique behaviors of mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum during spike protein‐mediated cell fusion, a critical event in SARS‐CoV‐2 viral entry. Thus, our results demonstrate the potency of mRNA‐encoded fluorescent proteins as powerful tools for advancing biological research.
Timing of Surgery for Elbow Fractures (OTA 13 A-C and 21 A-C) and Patient Outcomes
Authors: Linker Jacob A. , Pettit Christopher J. , Ganta Abhishek , Konda Sanjit R. , Egol Kenneth A. 
Published: December 2024

OBJECTIVES:
To determine if there is a correlation between time to surgery (TTS) and outcomes after repair of elbow fractures.

METHODS:

Design:
Retrospective comparative study.

Setting:
A single, urban hospital system.

Patient Selection Criteria:
Patients from March 2011 to September 2022 who sustained an isolated fracture about the elbow joint (AO/OTA 13-A, B, and C and 21-A, B, and C), underwent surgical repair, and had at least 6 months of postoperative follow-up identified from an Institutional Review Board–approved database.

Outcome Measures and Comparisons:
TTS, in days, was recorded. Radiographic and clinical follow-up was obtained at all visits, and a Mayo Elbow Performance Index was calculated based on the latest follow-up. Complications recorded include elbow contracture, infection, early hardware failure, reoperation, and fracture nonunion. Multivariable regression and Spearman correlation analysis were used to determine any significant outcome differences based on TTS.

RESULTS:
Three hundred fifty-one patients included with a mean age of 54.8 (range: 18–86) years with 217 females (61.8%) and 134 males (38.2%). Eighty-two patients (23.4%) developed at least 1 complication, whereas 269 patients (76.6%) did not. As a continuous variable, TTS was not correlated with arc of motion at any follow-up visit nor with the latest recorded Mayo Elbow Performance Index score (P > 0.05). Mean TTS for patients who did and did not experience a complication was 6 (range: 0–24) and 10 (range: 0–38) days, respectively, and this was not significantly different (P = 0.217). Complication rate and any of the individual complications were not associated with TTS after a multivariable analysis controlling for age, sex, injury mechanism, open fracture, Charlson Comorbidity Index, and AO/OTA classification (P > 0.05 for all).

CONCLUSIONS:
Timing of surgery after OTA 13 A-C and 21 A-C elbow fractures was not associated with differences in postoperative complications or range of elbow motion.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:
Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Marijuana Use and Complication Risk After Tibia Shaft Fracture Fixation
Authors: Maxson Ridge , Rapaport Sarah , Covarrubias Oscar , Ghanem Diane , Moreno-Diaz Andres F. , Ross Ryan , Bergstein Victoria E. , O'Sullivan Lucy , Rogers Davis , Mitchell Phillip M. , Shafiq Babar 
Published: December 2024

OBJECTIVES:
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between preoperative marijuana use and complications after tibia shaft fracture fixation.

METHODS:

Design:
Retrospective cohort study

Setting:
Two academic Level I trauma centers

Patient Selection Criteria:
Adults age ≥18 years who underwent tibia shaft fracture (OTA/AO 42) fixation from 2014 to 2022 and had a minimum 3 months postoperative follow-up were included. Patients were considered marijuana users if they had current self-reported marijuana use or a urine toxicology screen positive for cannabinoids documented at initial presentation.

Outcome Measures and Comparisons:
Bivariate statistics and multivariate regression were used to evaluate the effect of marijuana use on 90-day postoperative thromboembolic and surgical complications, unplanned readmissions, and emergency department visits. Complications related to fracture union were evaluated in patients with ≥6 months follow-up. Multivariate analysis controlled for tobacco use, open fracture, and American Society of Anesthesiologist class ≥3.

RESULTS:
Among 388 patients included in the study, the mean age was 37.6 years (range, 18–90), and most patients were men (66.5%). Ninety-six patients (25%) were identified as marijuana users. Marijuana users were significantly younger (30.5 years vs. 40 years, P < 0.001) and more likely to be men (79% vs. 62%, P = 0.002) and use tobacco currently (73% vs. 31%, P < 0.001) than nonusers. Marijuana users experienced higher rates of 90-day surgical complications (11.5% vs. 4.8%, P = 0.030) and deep infection (8.3% vs. 2.1%, P = 0.008) than nonusers. No significant difference was observed between groups in the rates of thromboembolic complications, nonunion, or delayed union (P > 0.05). On multivariate analysis, marijuana use was not associated with odds of developing any 90-day surgical complication (odds ratios 2.01; 95% confidence intervals 0.83–4.84) or deep infection (odds ratios 2.97; 95% confidence interval 0.95–9.25).

CONCLUSIONS:
Preoperative marijuana use was not found to be associated with risk of thromboembolic, surgical, or fracture union-related complications in patients undergoing tibia shaft fracture fixation.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:
Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.