bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incidence and prevalence of systemic sclerosis in Valcamonica, Italy, during an 18-year period
Authors: Airò Paolo , Regola Francesca , Lazzaroni Maria-Grazia , Tincani Angela , Inverardi Flora , Fenini Maria Giulia , Ferrè Francesco , Furloni Roberto , Scarsi Mirko 
Published: January 2019

Objectives: To investigate the epidemiology of systemic sclerosis in Valcamonica, an Italian Alpine valley, during an 18-year-long period. Methods: Patients with systemic sclerosis living in Valcamonica between 1999 and 2016 were identified by capture/recapture method using: (1) clinical databases of the only secondary Rheumatology Unit present in the valley and of the tertiary referral center for this area; (2) administrative data, extracting records with the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, code for systemic sclerosis. Patients were included in the analysis when either the 1980 American Rheumatism Association classification criteria for systemic sclerosis or the 2013 American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism criteria were satisfied. To study temporal changes, mean yearly incidence during three different 6-year interval was calculated. Prevalence rates were estimated at four different time points. Results: General population with age over 14 years living in Valcamonica varied during the evaluated period between 85,168 and 91,245 inhabitants. A total of 65 patients with systemic sclerosis were identified (female 84.6%, limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis: 84.6%; anticentromere: 64.6%). Systemic sclerosis incidence and prevalence increased during the study period (p = 0.029 and p < 0.0001, respectively). The increase of incidence was accounted for by cases satisfying only the 2013 criteria, with limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis, and with anticentromere, whereas the incidence of systemic sclerosis cases classified according to the 1980 criteria did not significantly increase. The prevalence at 31 December 2016 was 58.6 (95% confidence interval, 44.8–76.6) per 100,000 persons aged >14 years. Survival at 10 years after systemic sclerosis diagnosis was 83.0% (standard error, 5.6). Conclusion: Systemic sclerosis incidence and prevalence increased over time in this area, due to the increased recruitment of patients with milder forms of the disease.
Geochemistry of pink corundum-bearing feldspathic gneiss, Frenchvale quarry, Cape Breton Island, Canada: metamorphism of albitised, Fe-poor clastic rocks
Authors: Owen J. Victor , Hanley Jacob J. , Kerr Mitchell J. , Stimson Matthew , Boucher Brandon 
Published: January 2019

AbstractFrenchvale quarry, once mined for dolomitic marble, contains pink corundum-bearing, quartz-free/-poor, feldspathic gneiss that is unusually sodic (~7% wt.% Na2O) and iron-poor (~0.6 wt.% Fe2O3), but has silica, alumina and immobile trace-element contents resembling those of suspended fluvial particulate matter (e.g. in the Congo River). The protolith of the gneiss, interpreted as a fine-grained clastic sediment deposited offshore, evidently was albitised prior to deformation and regional metamorphism. Variably-altered gneiss samples show a narrow range of δ18OVSMOW values (8.1 to 10.7‰) and no systematic differences in bulk O isotope composition as a function of alteration intensity. With the exception of an extensively fuchsitised zone adjacent to a thick (1.2 m), cross-cutting quartz vein that contains H2O–NaCl+CO2+CH4-bearing fluid inclusions, the O isotope data do not support interaction of the gneiss with an externally-derived fluid phase except at low fluid:rock ratio, even where granodiorite occurs in direct contact with the gneiss. Fluid inclusions in the quartz vein have bulk $X_{{\rm H}_2{\rm O}}$, $X_{{\rm C}{\rm O}_{\rm 2}}$ and $X_{{\rm C}{\rm H}_{\rm 4}}$ values (in mol.%) of 99.60, 0.14 and 0.26, respectively, as determined by gas chromatography. Although the protolith of the gneiss was associated with carbonate platformal rocks (now marble), corundum is confined to the feldspathic rocks. These feldspathic rocks lack calc-silicate minerals; they are not skarns. As such, they are distinct from well-known Himalayan sapphire and ruby deposits cited previously as analogues of the Frenchvale corundum occurrence.
epiCaPture: A Urine DNA Methylation Test for Early Detection of Aggressive Prostate Cancer
Authors: O’Reilly Eve , Tuzova Alexandra V. , Walsh Anna L. , Russell Niamh M. , O’Brien Odharnaith , Kelly Sarah , Dhomhnallain Odharna Ni , DeBarra Liam , Dale Connie M. , Brugman Rick , Clarke Gavin , Schmidt Olivia , O’Meachair Shane , Patil Dattatraya , Pellegrini Kathryn L. , Fleshner Neil , Garcia Julia , Zhao Fang , Finn Stephen , Mills Robert , Hanna Marcelino Y. , Hurst Rachel , McEvoy Elizabeth , Gallagher William M. , Manecksha Rustom P. , Cooper Colin S. , Brewer Daniel S. , Bapat Bharati , Sanda Martin G. , Clark Jeremy , Perry Antoinette S. 
Published: January 2019

Purpose Liquid biopsies that noninvasively detect molecular correlates of aggressive prostate cancer (PCa) could be used to triage patients, reducing the burdens of unnecessary invasive prostate biopsy and enabling early detection of high-risk disease. DNA hypermethylation is among the earliest and most frequent aberrations in PCa. We investigated the accuracy of a six-gene DNA methylation panel (Epigenetic Cancer of the Prostate Test in Urine [epiCaPture]) at detecting PCa, high-grade (Gleason score greater than or equal to 8) and high-risk (D’Amico and Cancer of the Prostate Risk Assessment] PCa from urine. Patients and Methods Prognostic utility of epiCaPture genes was first validated in two independent prostate tissue cohorts. epiCaPture was assessed in a multicenter prospective study of 463 men undergoing prostate biopsy. epiCaPture was performed by quantitative methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction in DNA isolated from prebiopsy urine sediments and evaluated by receiver operating characteristic and decision curves (clinical benefit). The epiCaPture score was developed and validated on a two thirds training set to one third test set. Results Higher methylation of epiCaPture genes was significantly associated with increasing aggressiveness in PCa tissues. In urine, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.64, 0.86, and 0.83 for detecting PCa, high-grade PCa, and high-risk PCa, respectively. Decision curves revealed a net benefit across relevant threshold probabilities. Independent analysis of two epiCaPture genes in the same clinical cohort provided analytical validation. Parallel epiCaPture analysis in urine and matched biopsy cores showed added value of a liquid biopsy. Conclusion epiCaPture is a urine DNA methylation test for high-risk PCa. Its tumor specificity out-performs that of prostate-specific antigen (greater than 3 ng/mL). Used as an adjunct to prostate-specific antigen, epiCaPture could aid patient stratification to determine need for biopsy.
Targeted deletion of fibrillin-1 in the mouse eye results in ectopia lentis and other ocular phenotypes associated with Marfan syndrome
Authors: Jones Wendell , Rodriguez Juan , Bassnett Steven 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT
Fibrillin is an evolutionarily ancient protein that lends elasticity and resiliency to a variety of tissues. In humans, mutations in fibrillin-1 cause Marfan and related syndromes, conditions in which the eye is often severely affected. To gain insights into the ocular sequelae of Marfan syndrome, we targeted Fbn1 in mouse lens or non-pigmented ciliary epithelium (NPCE). Conditional knockout of Fbn1 in NPCE, but not lens, profoundly affected the ciliary zonule, the system of fibrillin-rich fibers that centers the lens in the eye. The tensile strength of the fibrillin-depleted zonule was reduced substantially, due to a shift toward production of smaller caliber fibers. By 3 months, zonular fibers invariably ruptured and mice developed ectopia lentis, a hallmark of Marfan syndrome. At later stages, untethered lenses lost their polarity and developed cataracts, and the length and volume of mutant eyes increased. This model thus captures key aspects of Marfan-related syndromes, providing insights into the role of fibrillin-1 in eye development and disease.
Aerosol delivery of dry powder synthetic lung surfactant to surfactant-deficient rabbits and preterm lambs on non-invasive respiratory support
Authors: Walther Frans J. , Gupta Monik , Lipp Michael M. , Chan Holly , Krzewick John , Gordon Larry M. , Waring Alan J. 
Published: January 2019

Background: The development of synthetic lung surfactant for preterm infants has focused on peptide analogues of native surfactant proteins B and C (SP-B and SP-C). Non-invasive respiratory support with nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) may benefit from synthetic surfactant for aerosol delivery. Methods: A total of three dry powder (DP) surfactants, consisting of phospholipids and the SP-B analogue Super Mini-B (SMB), and one negative control DP surfactant without SMB, were produced with the Acorda Therapeutics ARCUS® Pulmonary Dry Powder Technology. Structure of the DP surfactants was compared with FTIR spectroscopy, in vitro surface activity with captive bubble surfactometry, and in vivo activity in surfactant-deficient adult rabbits and preterm lambs. In the animal experiments, intratracheal (IT) aerosol delivery was compared with surfactant aerosolization during nCPAP support. Surfactant dosage was 100 mg/kg of lipids and aerosolization was performed using a low flow inhaler. Results: FTIR spectra of the three DP surfactants each showed secondary structures compatible with peptide folding as an α-helix hairpin, similar to that previously noted for surface-active SMB in other lipids. The DP surfactants with SMB demonstrated in vitro surface activity <1 mN/m. Oxygenation and lung function increased quickly after IT aerosolization of DP surfactant in both surfactant-deficient rabbits and preterm lambs, similar to improvements seen with clinical surfactant. The response to nCPAP aerosol delivery of DP surfactant was about 50% of IT aerosol delivery, but could be boosted with a second dose in the preterm lambs. Conclusions: Aerosol delivery of active DP synthetic surfactant during non-invasive respiratory support with nCPAP significantly improved oxygenation and lung function in surfactant-deficient animals and this response could be enhanced by giving a second dose. Aerosol delivery of DP synthetic lung surfactant has potential for clinical applications.
The incidence of eating disorders among upper secondary school female students
Authors: Kotwas Artur , Karakiewicz-Krawczyk Katarzyna , Zabielska Paulina , Jurczak Anna , Bażydło Marta , Karakiewicz Beata 
Published: January 2019

Cel pracyBadania nad rozpowszechnieniem występowania zaburzeń odżywiania nie były często podejmowane w ostatnich latach ani w Polsce, ani w skali świata. Trudno również oszacować rozpowszechnienie tych zaburzeń. Celem pracy była ocena rozpowszechnienia występowania zaburzeń odżywania w grupie polskich uczennic szkół ponadgminazjalnych z uwzględnieniem typu szkoły oraz warunków mieszkaniowychMetodaBadania zaburzeń odżywiania przeprowadzono w okresie 03 – 06 2017 r., wśród uczennic szczecińskich szkół ponadgimnazjalnych. Dobór do badania miał charakter wieloetapowy. Do procesu analitycznego włączono 1750 kwestionariuszy. W procesie badawczym wykorzystano narzędzie służące do przesiewowych badań nad wystąpieniem zaburzeń odżywiania - kwestionariusz Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26).WynikiObserwowano niższą punktację wśród uczniów starszych klas (EAT 26, EAT dieting) a także tych, którzy nie otrzymywali kieszonkowego (EAT dieting, EAT bulimia) (p<0,05).Wnioski1. Wiek okazał się ważnym czynnikiem prognostycznym dla zaburzeń odżywiania. Ryzyko malało wraz z narastaniem wieku u badanych dziewcząt
2. Szanse na wystąpienie zaburzeń odżywiania były niemal 21-krotnie wyższe wśród dziewcząt uczęszczających do klas 1 i 2
Proposta de classificação para as fases de desenvolvimento do jornalismo móvel
Authors: Empinotti Marina Lisboa 
Published: January 2019

Este artículo recupera, a través del método de revisión bibliográfica, el recorrido histórico del periodismo móvil, entendido aquí como aquel producido para consumo en dispositivos móviles como tablets y smartphones, y propone una clasificación en fases para el campo, basada en trabajos anteriores de Salaverría y Sancho (2007), Aguado y Castellet (2013), y Pellanda et al. (2017). La clasificación de las fases del periodismo móvil inicia con la construcción de una línea de tiempo que indica los principales avances registrados durante las dos décadas (1990-actual) consideradas para el análisis, culmina con la organización de los eventos en cuatro fases, con períodos, servicios, plataformas y tipos de comunicación delineados, aunque no excluyentes: formatos primitivos, fase preapp (o de experimentación), economía de las apps (o de homogeneización/estancamiento) y renovación. Un cuadro de características complementarias finaliza la división histórica propuesta, al destacar inputs (parámetros de entrada de información en el sistema, que comienzan siendo textuales, evolucionan para visual y sonoro, llegando a multimedia, hasta el momento en que el cuerpo humano proporciona datos para el aparato) y outputs (los datos de salida del sistema, que comienzan siendo mostrados en las pantallas simples, pasando para las pantallas táctiles y se encaminan para la disponibilidad en interfaces tangibles) de cada una.
Sharps injuries among nurses and midwives in sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Zhu Shijun , Liu Wen , Amoroso Anthony , Blanshan Sue , Guberski Thomasine , Iwu Emilia , Kiama Beatrice , Lipscomb Jane , Maimbolwa Margaret , Maro Peter , Mwakyus Sekela , Omoni Grace , Smith Nathaniel , Smith Barbara 
Published: January 2019

Background: The prevalence of blood-borne pathogens, including HIV and hepatitis B and C, remains high in sub-Saharan Africa. Nurses and midwives are therefore at high risk for occupational transmission. Aims: To examine the prevalence of sharps injuries and other work-related risks among nurses and midwives. Methods: Nurses and midwives (n=712) in sub-Saharan Africa completed an anonymous questionnaire. Generalised estimating questions were used to analyse the data. Findings: Nurses and midwives who made home visits, engaged in direct care, were called in to work ‘off-hours’, and performed needle-related tasks ≥15 times/day were more likely to have sharps injuries (all P<0.05). Among those injured, only 64.2% reported their injuries appropriately. Among those who reported, only 61.5% were tested for HIV or hepatitis B and C, and only 28.2% received HIV post-exposure prophylaxis. Conclusions: Future efforts should focus on optimising work schedules, reducing unnecessary needle-related tasks, introducing safety engineered needles and improving post-exposure prophylaxis.
The Effect Of Aloe Vera On Healing Process Of Incision Wound
Authors: Mahandaru Danu , Dachlan Ishandono 
Published: January 2019

Considering the advantages of wound treatment in moist-state, many practitioners always keep the wound in the moist condition. One of the alternatives is by using aloe vera. It has moisturizing effect, anti inflammatory and can stimulate growth factor and fibroblast. In this study, the authors aim to compare the effect of the wound dressing with the dry gauze, moist gauze and aloe vera toward the tensile strength. Thirty Rattus Novergicus were divided into two experimental groups and 1 control group. We performed full thickness skin incision on the back of the rats, and then we sutured and nursed them by using moist gauze and Aloe Vera while the dry gauze group treated as the control. On the 10th day, we decapitated the rats and we took the trace of incisional skin for the tensile strength test. At last, the samples were measured by Zwick universal tensile strength testing machine. This research show that the group treated by dry gauze had tensile strength (35 ± 7 N/cm2) , with moist gauze (41 ± 7 N/cm2), and with Aloe Vera (68 ±17 N/cm2). There was a significant difference between the three groups regarding the tensile strength (p<0.001). Treatment of wound by using Aloe Vera is proven to be more effective than the dry gauze and moist gauze to increase the tensile strength.
Early Burn Resuscitation Done By Referring Facilities And Burn Patient’s Survival: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Wardhana Aditya , Handini Nurliati Sari 
Published: January 2019

An acute burn wound is a complex injury, which ideally needs to be handled in a special burn unit. Problems arise when a burn patient come to a facility with no burn unit available. The patient needs to be referred and transferred to the nearest burn unit. The adequacy of burn resuscitation done by the referring facility during the transfer process is important to the patient’s survival. To evaluate this matter, a review of mortality during one-year interval of 2010 is being done in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital’s burn unit. We are conducting a retrospective review of all 143 patients with acute burn injuries admitted in 2010 to Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital’s burn unit, analyzed with bivariate analysis using SPSS. Out of the 143 patients being evaluated, we predict there is a significant level of burn resuscitation inadequacy done by the referring facility which influences the patient’s survival. Survival rates can be improved by providing adequate burn resuscitation during transfer process to the nearest burn unit. It is recommended that efforts on updating the knowledge and awareness of treating burn injury patients is given to nurses and physicians in referring facilities.
Clinical Applications of Micro-Skin Grafting For Skin Defect Coverage
Authors: Wardhana Aditya , Samiadji Muhammad 
Published: January 2019

Microskin graft is a technique of skin defect closure using a minimum of STSG donors to cover the large defect. Some considerations were taken, which includes the general status of the patient, donor area morbidity, and patient refusal to act is one of the reasons for the use microskin graft. History STSG failure with previous defect closure and lack of donor area would to bene!t from microskin graft. Case of boy 12 years old with extensive defects in the forearm due to burns. Consideration of the lack of donor area made us deciding to use microskin graft as main option to close the defect. We did one-week post operative evaluation. Epithelialization occurs at day 7, while complete epithelialization occurred at 14th day. Three month during follow-up control, the scar are minimal. We conclude that microskin graft is one technic that can be used in skin defect closure with minimal donor.
Mid-arm and Chest Circumferences for Estimating Low Birthweight
Authors: Surjono Achmad 
Published: January 2019

A prospective study was conducted to assess the diagnostic performance of mid-arm and chest circumferences on low birth weights in 1033 singleton newborn infants. The proportion of low birth weight was 11.7%. Strong correlations on birth weight (P<0.001) were found for mid-arm (r-0.85) and chest (r=0.86) circumferences. A mid-arm circumference of ≤9,5 cm was considered as cut-off level for low birth weight, with a sensitivity of 0.818, specificity 0.956 and positive predictive value 0. 712. Whereas that of chest circumference wa ≤29.5 cm with a sensitivity of 0. 785, specificity 0.895 and positive predictive value 0.497. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to compare their diagnostic accuracy. The area under these two ROC(± SE) were 0.954 ± 0.011 for mid-arm and 0.945 ± 0.012 for chest circumferences, respectively. Both areas showed significant differences with the area under chance line. No statistically significant difference was found between the area under ROC of mid-arm and chest circumferences.
The results showed that mid-arm and chest circumferences as simple and reliable measurements can be used in estimating low birth weight, in areas where the accurate weighing of newborn infants is not feasible.
The Spectrum of seven preventable Diseases at the Pediatric ward of Dr. Pirngadi Hospital Medan
Authors: Razif T. , Lubis Yahya G. , El-Fuad T. Murad , Pasaribu Syahril , Lubis Chairuddin P. 
Published: January 2019

A retrospective study on seven preventab!e diseasee was done in 1989. We found 137 (7.1%) cases of all admissions; they were distribued into 12 neonatal tetanus (8.8%), 57 tetanus (4 1.6%), 17 measles (72.1%), 15 diphtheria (10.9%), 35 pulmonary tuberculosis (25.6%), and 7 poliomyelitis (0. 7%). There was no admittance of pertussis; 62% of those cases consisted of under five-year-old children.
None of those patients had had measles immunization, and their mothers had not had tetanus toxoid immunization when they were pregnant.
The mortality were as follows: neonatal tetanus 4 (33.3%), tetanus 3 (5.3%), measles 1 (5.9%), pulmonary tuberculosis 9 (25.7%) and diphtheria 7 (46.7%).
Desenvolvimento de protótipo experimental de dessalinizador por osmose reversa para o tratamento em água salobra em áreas rurais
Authors: Caetano Elvio , Silva Neto Romeu E 
Published: January 2019

A Osmose Reversa é reconhecida como um eficiente processo técnico que visa dessalinizar a água salobra por meio de membranas, cuja principal função é reter os sais. Sua eficiência depende de variáveis como temperatura, pressão, pH, concentração de sal e rendimento. O objetivo principal deste artigo visa conceber, projetar e construir um protótipo experimental de dessalinizador por Osmose Reversa para o tratamento de água salobra para consumo humano e irrigação em áreas rurais. Para o teste do protótipo, foram desenvolvidos experimentos utilizando amostras de solução (água salobra) equivalente às tipologias de águas captadas nos poços artesianos do município de São Francisco do Itabapoana-RJ, a fim de se verificar a possibilidade de se obter água no padrão necessário para atender às necessidades dos pequenos produtores rurais daquela região, bem como, da população local. A partir da análise de amostras em três níveis de concentração de sal (1,0‰; 2,0‰ e 3,0‰), geralmente encontrados nos poços com água salobra da região, foi possível obter, nas três concentrações analisadas, soluções isentas de sal, ou seja, com nível de salinidade de 0,00‰. O protótipo consegue atingir uma produção de 432 L/dia (equivalente a 18 L/h e 03 L/min). Esses resultados do protótipo experimental indicam a viabilidade técnica do dessalinizador por Osmose Reversa para o tratamento de água salobra para o uso em áreas rurais.