bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermal Phases of the Neutral Atomic Interstellar Medium from Solar Metallicity to Primordial Gas
Authors: Bialy Shmuel , Sternberg Amiel 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
We study the thermal structure of the neutral atomic (H i) interstellar medium across a wide range of metallicities, from supersolar down to vanishing metallicity, and for varying UV intensities and cosmic-ray (CR) ionization rates. We calculate self-consistently the gas temperature and species abundances (with a special focus on the residual H2), assuming a thermal and chemical steady state. For solar metallicity, Z′ ≡ 1, we recover the known result that there exists a pressure range over which the gas is multiphased, with the warm (∼104 K, warm neutral medium (WNM)) and cold (∼100 K, cold neutral medium (CNM)) phases coexisting at the same pressure. At a metallicity Z′ ≈ 0.1, the CNM is colder (compared to Z′ = 1) due to the reduced efficiency of photoelectric heating. For Z′ ≲ 0.1, CR ionization becomes the dominant heating mechanism and the WNM-to-CNM transition shifts to ever-increasing pressure/density as the metallicity is reduced. For metallicities Z′ ≲ 0.01, H2 cooling becomes important, lowering the temperature of the WNM (down to ≈600 K), and smoothing out the multiphase phenomenon. At vanishing metallicities, H2 heating becomes effective and the multiphase phenomenon disappears entirely. We derive analytic expressions for the critical densities for the warm-to-cold phase transition in the different regimes, and the critical metallicities for H2 cooling and heating. We discuss potential implications on the star formation rates of galaxies and self-regulation theories.
Translated economic paradigms: World Bank lending and the Japanese growth in the 1950s and 1960s
Authors: Yago Kazuhiko 
Published: August 2019

Les idées et les pratiques de la Banque Mondiale concernant le développement économique des pays asiatique furent modifiées et adaptées au cours des débats entre la Banque Mondiale et les pays emprunteurs. Notre article s’efforce d’éclaircir ce processus de « traduction », en s’appuyant sur le cas japonais. Dans les années 1950, la Banque Mondiale a fait évoluer sa théorie économique en donnant la priorité aux plans d’austérité après avoir privilégié le développement économique. Le gouvernement japonais a « traduit » la suggestion de la Banque Mondiale comme si c’était la condition nécessaire pour obtenir un emprunt. Les entreprises japonaises se sont également soumises aux conditions imposées par la Banque Mondiale : dans le cas de Kawasaki Steel, l’entreprise a « traduit » la demande « économique » néo-classique de la Banque en modèle Rhénan du capitalisme du type japonais.
Politiques publiques et pratiques d'acteurs : comportements de Voyageurs en réponse à la législation spécifique du stationnement et de la circulation
Authors: Bergeon Céline 
Published: August 2019

La France possède officiellement depuis 2 000 une législation spécifique pour le stationnement des « Gens du Voyage ». Elle oblige les communes de plus de 5 000 habitants à créer des aires d’accueil, tandis que les Voyageurs, public visé par la loi, sont astreints à stationner sur ces lieux identifiés, sous peine de poursuites pénales. Seulement, sept ans après la promulgation de la loi sur « l’accueil et le stationnement des Gens du Voyage », 32 % des communes ont respecté leurs engagements en termes de lieux de halte. L’analyse des parcours réalisés par les Voyageurs montrent une organisation réfléchie et stratégique de l’utilisation de l’espace comme ressource et moyen de reproduction d’un mode de vie. Ainsi, interroger les pratiques circulatoires au prisme des politiques publiques, permet de mettre à jour une circulation « d’avant et d’après législation ». Cette articulation entre mobilité traditionnelle et politiques publiques, redéfinit la circulation et met au jour des comportements circulatoires novateurs.
Pregnancy Enables Expansion of Disease-Specific Regulatory T Cells in an Animal Model of Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Engler Jan Broder , Heckmann Nina F. , Jäger Jan , Gold Stefan M. , Friese Manuel A. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Disease activity of autoimmune disorders such as multiple sclerosis and its mouse model experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is temporarily suppressed by pregnancy. However, whether disease amelioration is due to nonspecific immunomodulation or mediated by Ag-specific regulation of disease-causing conventional T cells (Tcon) and immunosuppressive regulatory T cells (Tregs) remains elusive. In the current study, we systematically analyzed changes of the TCRβ repertoire driven by EAE and pregnancy using TCR sequencing. We demonstrate that EAE, but not pregnancy, robustly increased TCR repertoire clonality in both peripheral Tcon and Treg. Notably, pregnancy was required for the expansion of Treg harboring the dominant EAE-associated TRBV13-2 chain and increased the frequency of EAE-associated clonotypes within the Treg compartment. Our findings indicate that pregnancy supports the expansion of Treg clonotypes that are equipped to recognize EAE-associated Ags. These Treg are thereby particularly suited to control corresponding encephalitogenic Tcon responses and likely contribute to pregnancy-associated protection in autoimmunity.
Improving the Birth Registration Service Using Kotter's Change Model: A Quality Improvement Study from Qatar
Authors: Al-Kaabi Salma K. , Selim Nagah , Al-Dahshan Ayman , Chehab Mohamad 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Introduction: The increased demand for birth registration (BR) services at the Birth Registration Unit (BRU), under the Ministry of Public Health in Qatar, and the negative media criticism called for an urgent quality improvement (QI) plan to be conducted. Methods: A QI project was carried out to improve the process of birth certificate registration in the country. This project depended on Kotter's eight-stage model as a guide for the aspired transformation. Thus, strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) analysis, “straw-man” process map, root cause analysis, political, economical, social, technological, environmental and legal (PESTLE) factor analysis, and operational analysis of the BR process were attempted through cooperation and one–one interviews with service providers and stakeholders. The baseline measurements involved in the project focused on two main outcomes: client satisfaction and the cycle time of the BR process. Results: The post-change customer satisfaction survey showed higher overall satisfaction (0.66% overall dissatisfaction) with the services compared to the pre-change client satisfaction survey (17.3% overall dissatisfaction). Moreover, the calculated cycle time of the redesigned process (6.30 min) represented a substantial decrease as compared to the pre-change cycle time (almost 7 days). Conclusion: The study of the BR process revealed many facts regarding delays and wasted time. It served as a trigger for the change and made solving this problem much easier by examining the real underlying factors. In addition, the successful use of Kotter's change model at the BRU serves as a potential source for the diffusion of such model across other health institutions.
Integrando Espiritualidade no Cuidado com a Saúde Mental, Psiquiatria e Psicoterapia (tradução)
Authors: Hefti René 
Published: August 2019

(Tradução do artigo "Integrating Religion and Spirituality into Mental Health Care, Psychiatry and Psychotherapy", por Hartmut August e Pedro Luís Tiso Santos) A integração da espiritualidade no cuidado com a saúde mental, com a psiquiatria e a psicologia ainda é algo controverso, apesar de um crescente corpo de evidências estar mostrando os efeitos benéficos e a real necessidade de tal integração. Em minha análise eu resumo pesquisas antigas e recentes, assim como evidências da prática clínica de nossa clínica em Langenthal/Suíça.Coping religioso é altamente presente entre pacientes com desordens psiquiátricas. Pesquisas indicam que 70-80% usam de crenças religiosas ou espirituais e atividades para lidar com dificuldades diárias e frustrações. A religião ajuda os pacientes a melhorar o ajustamento emocional e manter a esperança, os propósitos e o sentido. Os pacientes enfatizam que servir a um propósito além deles mesmos pode tornar possível viver com algo que, de outra maneiram, seria insustentável.Programas que incorporaram com sucesso a espiritualidade na prática clínica, são descritos e discutidos. Estudos indicam que o resultado da psicoterapia em pacientes religiosos pode ser incrementado ao integrar-se elementos religiosos no protocolo terapêuticos e que isso pode ser feito com sucesso por terapeutas religiosos ou não.
Users’ Perception of Financial Reporting Quality in Ghana
Authors: Mbawuni Joseph 
Published: August 2019

This paper assesses the extent to which top and middle management perceive FRQ of companies in Ghana after the adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). Drawing from the literature, a five-dimension FRQ questionnaire was developed for the study. It was a cross-sectional survey that involved a sample of 500 respondents from top and middle level management across seven industries in Ghana. The findings indicate that, generally top and middle management perceive the qualitative characteristics of FRQ of the Ghanaian companies to be very good. However, Timeliness of FRQ in terms of publishing audited financial reports was the only poorly rated qualitative characteristic. Implications to accounting theory and practitioners are discussed. Moreover, there were differences in respondents’ perception of FRQ according to their work background characteristics. It was found that top and middle management who were professional accountants were more critical in their assessment and therefore rated their perceived FRQ significantly lower than those who were non-accounting professionals. This study contributes to filling the void in FRQ literature regarding accounting information users’ assessment of FRQ in IFRS-compliant countries in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Managing patients in the emergency department with mental health and substance use disorders
Authors: DuBose Kimberley , Leonard Johnie , Graham Melissa 
Published: August 2019

With approximately 3% of the Houston Methodist Hospital Emergency Department’s (ED) 2017 annual volume presenting with resource-intensive psychiatric conditions, a 6-prong approach was applied to address the growing area of concern on how to best manage this unique population safely and efficiently through the provision of high quality care. This approach included (1) the provision of dedicated care space, (2) placement of a trained team of providers and clinical staff, (3) contracting with a third-party, rapid-screen care team, (4) application of new technology, (5) instilling a partnership with the ancillary team, and (6) extending care after the hospital stay for better management of the longevity of the patients’ medical issues. Through these efforts, the overall time from ED arrival to ED departure for psychiatric patients who were discharged was reduced by 36%. In addition, the admit decision time to ED departure time for psychiatric patients was reduced by 30% from 2016 to the third quarter of 2017. Additionally, the number of violent patient incidents in the ED mental health unit was reduced to zero from 2016 to the third quarter of 2017, a number that is holding to date. Via the presence of heightened security measures, approximately 50% fewer security dispatches were requested in 2018 than in 2017. This is even more profound when considering the 9% growth in overall ED patient volume over the same time period. Thus, through the application of a multifaceted approach to the care of patients with mental health and substance use disorders presenting to the Houston Methodist Hospital ED there was an observed significant positive effect. Continued diligence to this topic in addition to further expanded resources are needed in both the community and clinical setting to mitigate the negative cycle of patients unnecessarily returning to the hospital or landing in jail that currently exists.
Development of a Differential Multiplex PCR Assay for the Supplemental Identification of Different Sources of Proteins
Authors: Thompson Christopher M , Gao Quanyin , Lu Zhengfei , Babajanian Silva , Chang Peter , Swanson Gary 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background: Differentiation of proteins from multiple sources provides challenges in the accuracy using multiple and often disputed protein identification methods. The U.S. Pharmacopeia Food Chemical Codex does not include monographs for many protein sources, including milk proteins and soy protein isolate. Monographs that are included for proteins do not list a single comprehensive identification method but instead rely on a combined assessment of ash (total), fat, lactose, loss on drying, and protein content. A fast, inexpensive, and accurate protein source assay is tantamount to prevention of economic adulteration in protein powders. Objective: This study describes the development of a novel method to identify and differentiate animal proteins (cow protein powders as milk protein and whey protein) and plant proteins (soy protein powders). These proteins powders are of high importance to the food and dietary supplement industries, as they encompass the highest grossing and fastest growing protein sources in the global protein powder market. Methods: The developed method uses PCR amplification and gel electrophoresis of short chain DNA fragments found in processed protein powders to identify and differentiate the source of each powder. The original development was performed using reference materials of known identity and tested against an inclusivity panel of protein powders from commercial sources. Bands were identified using the Agilent Tapestation 4200 and Tapestation Analysis Software A.02.02 (SR1) using proprietary band analysis. Results: The developed method was found to be specific for the identification of each protein source, passing a computational (National Center for Biotechnology Information Basic Local Alignment Search Tool) exclusivity panel and an experimental inclusivity panel. The method was also able to detect multiple adulterants in concentrations as low as 1% (w/w). Conclusions: The developed method is fast, inexpensive, and accurate (100%) for the supplemental identification of cow and soy proteins and able to detect adulteration as low as 1% (w/w). Highlights: A new method can identify cow and soy proteins, and detect low levels of adulteration using DM-PCR.
Keeping Choro Alive in Brazilian Concert Music for Bassoon
Authors: Pedrosa Ariana 
Published: August 2019

Brazilian concert music for bassoon—the fruit of the Brazilian nationalist movement of the 19th and 20th centuries—is challenging for performers due to the circumstances in which this repertoire emerged and the influences underlying it. Here, the role of Brazilian popular music in the formation and establishment of this repertoire is often unstated or understated. One important popular genre unique to Brazil is choro. It is impossible to deliver a faithful performance of many of the Brazilian nationalist music pieces heavily influenced by choro without some acquaintance with this genre. These considerations have become especially relevant due to the widespread popularity of Brazilian concert music repertoire for bassoon all around the world. Informed performance practice in ‘good taste’ can result, among other, from closing the gaps in knowledge, providing sufficient and clear background and reference information, raising awareness for practices and conventions of the time and style, and passing on the insight of those close to the source in a manner of oral tradition.
De l’intention musicale au jeu instrumental. Développement d’un protocole de recherche pour l’analyse qualitative et quantitative de trois styles d’interprétation d’une oeuvre de J.-S. Bach au piano
Authors: Lazarov Viktor , Rennotte Simon , Traube Caroline 
Published: August 2019

Cet article présente les résultats d’une étude pilote visant à caractériser trois styles d’interprétation différents de la musique de J.-S. Bach dans le contexte d’un processus de recherche-création. En s’appuyant sur une étude de l’interprétation de la musique baroque auxxe siècle, un pianiste a joué un extrait de laPartita en do mineur(BWV 826) selon trois esthétiques contrastantes (romantique, moderne, rhétorique). Le jeu du pianiste a été capté et enregistré en format de donnéesmidisur un piano Yamaha Disklavier DC7X. Une description verbale de chaque style a ensuite été obtenue suivant la technique de l’auto-explicitation réalisée par le pianiste. Les captations sonores de chaque extrait ont été présentées à un auditeur expert, spécialiste en enregistrement du piano, ce qui a permis d’obtenir une perspective externe sur les interprétations. Ces descriptions qualitatives ont été mises en correspondance avec une analyse quantitative des paramètres d’exécution, comme le tempo, les vitesses d’attaque et le degré delegato.
Bergsonisme (« Anthologie du phem » / Mots clés, 2)
Authors: Sladden Margaux 
Published: August 2019

Le deuxième chapitre de la section Mots clés de la série « Anthologie du phem » entend rendre compte du succès rencontré par la figure de Henri Bergson dans le domaine musical durant la première moitié du xxe siècle. Dans la presse généraliste comme dans les revues musicales spécialisées, à travers l’utilisation de notions forgées initialement par Bergson – telles la « durée » ou l’« intuition » –, un cadre théorique est élaboré, menant à la redéfinition de l’oeuvre musicale et à la défense d’une esthétique moderniste. Les trois articles sélectionnés correspondent à trois moments importants de l’assimilation de la philosophie bergsonienne dans le domaine musical, depuis les premiers jalons conceptuels posés par Louis Laloy en 1914 jusqu’à la récupération des idées phares de Bergson, désormais entrées dans le vocabulaire courant, par le compositeur Désiré Pâque en 1935.
Traduction et éditorialisation des récits sur la banlieue : paratexte iconique et transfert culturel
Authors: Turpin Béatrice 
Published: August 2019

Une première de couverture est un discours composite qui résulte de multiples choix éditoriaux. Elle doit refléter l’identité de la maison d’édition dont elle est la vitrine ainsi que celle de la collection qui ouvre des pistes de lecture. Elle doit également attirer le lecteur et lui donner une idée du contenu de l’ouvrage. Le présent article étudie l’éditorialisation de quelques récits sur la banlieue représentatifs de la littérature urbaine de la fin du XXe siècle et du début du XXIe siècle. L’analyse des publications françaises montre la prégnance d’un point de vue réaliste, avec une couverture qui peut être considérée comme une image arrêtée d’un scénario (souvent reprise d’un film qui a vu le succès du livre). Celle-ci tend par ailleurs à personnaliser l’ouvrage, avec la représentation en plan rapproché d’un narrateur/personnage. Les éditions traduites tendent pour leur part à élargir le champ du regard en contextualisant le cadre historique ou spatial du récit ou, au contraire, effacent celui-ci. Le motif mis en scène, énigmatique, devient symbole ouvert sur de multiples interprétations. L’ouvrage, par là même, sort du cadre de la littérature dite « de banlieue ». Ces deux tendances, emblématiques de choix éditoriaux différents, sont corrélées à l’identité des maisons d’édition et au lectorat de la collection.
12 Grand Challenges in Single-Cell Data Science
Authors: Laehnemann David , Köster Johannes , Szczurek Ewa , McCarthy Davis J , Hicks Stephanie C , Robinson Mark D , Vallejos Catalina A , Beerenwinkel Niko , Campbell Kieran R , Mahfouz Ahmed , Pinello Luca , Skums Pavel , Stamatakis Alexandros , Stephan-Otto Attolini Camille , Aparicio Samuel , Baaijens Jasmijn , Balvert Marleen , de Barbanson Buys , Cappuccio Antonio , Corleone Giacomo , Dutilh Bas E , Florescu Maria , Guryev Victor , Holmer Rens , Jahn Katharina , Jessurun Lobo Thamar , Keizer Emma M , Khatri Indu , Kiełbasa Szymon M , Korbel Jan O , Kozlov Alexey M , Kuo Tzu-Hao , Lelieveldt Boudewijn PF , Mandoiu Ion I , Marioni John C , Marschall Tobias , Mölder Felix , Niknejad Amir , Rączkowski Łukasz , Reinders Marcel , de Ridder Jeroen , Saliba Antoine-Emmanuel , Somarakis Antonios , Stegle Oliver , Theis Fabian J , Yang Huan , Zelikovsky Alex , McHardy Alice C , Raphael Benjamin J , Shah Sohrab P , Schönhuth Alexander 
Published: August 2019

The recent upswing of microfluidics and combinatorial indexing strategies, further enhanced by very low sequencing costs, have turned single cell sequencing into an empowering technology; analyzing thousands—or even millions—of cells per experimental run is becoming a routine assignment in laboratories worldwide. As a consequence, we are witnessing a data revolution in single cell biology. Although some issues are similar in spirit to those experienced in bulk sequencing, many of the emerging data science problems are unique to single cell analysis; together, they give rise to the new realm of 'Single-Cell Data Science'.
Here, we outline twelve challenges that will be central in bringing this new field forward. For each challenge, the current state of the art in terms of prior work is reviewed, and open problems are formulated, with an emphasis on the research goals that motivate them.
This compendium is meant to serve as a guideline for established researchers, newcomers and students alike, highlighting interesting and rewarding problems in 'Single-Cell Data Science' for the coming years.