bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antioxidant Activity and Total Carotenoids Level of Litopenaeus vannamei
Authors: Fawwaz Muammar , Baits Muzakkir , Pratama Mamat , Abidin Zainal 
Published: November 2024

Udang putih (Litopenaeus vannamei) merupakan salah satu spesies Crustacea yang cangkangnya mengandung senyawa karotenoid. Senyawa ini merupakan antioksidan alami yang berpotensi tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karotenoid total pada ekstrak cangkang L. vannamei dan mengevaluasi aktivitas antioksidannya secara in vitro. Ekstrak diperoleh dengan cara maserasi menggunakan n-heksan. Tingkat total karotenoid dalam ekstrak ditentukan setara dengan β-karoten. Spektrofotometer UV-Visible mengukur ekstrak dan larutan standar referensi pada panjang gelombang maksimum β-karoten (462 nm). Dua metode berbeda digunakan dalam menentukan aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak; metode peredaman radikal 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) dan metode ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karotenoid total dalam ekstrak cangkang L. vannamei adalah 5,87 mg/g, setara dengan β-karoten. Konsentrasi hambat setengah (IC50) ekstrak dengan metode DPPH adalah 27,59 µg/mL menunjukkan potensi sedang sebagai antioksidan dibandingkan dengan kuersetin standar sebesar 1,28 µg/mL. Kapasitas antioksidan ekstrak dengan metode FRAP dinyatakan dalam mg setara kuersetin (QE) per g ekstrak (mgQE/g), dan hasilnya menunjukkan potensi penghambatan sebesar 1,65 mgQE/g ekstrak. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak cangkang udang vannamei sangat potensial sebagai sumber karotenoid alami dengan efek antioksidan yang memadai.
Cytotoxic Effects of Hibiscus surattensis L. Leaves Extracts on BSLT, MCF-7 and Hela Cells
Authors: Susanto Yuliet - 
Published: November 2024

Hibiscus surattensis L. leaves have been known as a folk medicine. Several previous reports have shown several potential therapeutic effects, including antidiabetic, antibacterial, anti-diarrheal, analgesic, hepatoprotective, and antioxidant, but no toxicity study is similar to the current one. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the cytotoxic effect of these commonly consumed medicinal leaves. This study aimed to investigate the cytotoxicity of Hibiscus surattensis L. leaves extract (HSL). The cytotoxic effect was determined through brine shrimp lethality bioassay (BSLT) and in vitro Presto Blue assay of MCF-7 and Hela cell. HSL extract was obtained by maceration using 96% ethanol. The BSLT results showed that the HSL has LC50 value of 224.814 μg/mL. MTT assay results showed the IC50 value of the HSL extract on MCF-7 cells was 1419.83 μg/mL, and Hela cells were 2050.50 μg/mL. Based on the LC50 value that has been analyzed against HSL extract shows an LC50 value of less than 1000 μg/mL which can be concluded while having potential cytotoxic activity against experimental animal larvae of A. salina Leach. The results of the cytotoxic test with Presto Blue assay on two cancer cells used showed that the HSL extract was not toxic.
Efektifitas Asap Cair Kayu Sengon (Falcataria moluccana) Sebagai Antiseptik Secara In Vivo dan In Vitro
Authors: Zaenudin Arif Jihan Ahmad 
Published: November 2024

Bakteri dan jamur merupakan penyebab utama penyakit infeksi, pencegahan dapat diatasi dengan penggunaan hand sanitizer, tetapi dapat menimbulkan efek samping iritasi, maka diperlukan bahan alternatif alam. Asap cair kayu sengon memiliki kemampuan sebagai antiseptik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas asap cair kayu sengon sebagai antiseptik terhadap pertumbuhan mikroba secara in vitro dan in vivo. Hasil uji in vitro didapatkan zona hambat tertinggi pada asap cair kayu sengon grade 1 terhadap E. coli ATCC 25922 konsentrasi 75% 5,8 mm. S. aureus ATCC 25923 konsentrasi 75% 10 mm. A. flavus ATCC 9643 konsentrasi 75% 22,8 mm. C. albicans ATCC 10231 konsentrasi 75% 3,6 mm. Grade 2 terhadap E. coli ATCC 25922 konsentrasi 75% 7,5 mm. S. aureus ATCC 25923 konsentrasi 75% 12 mm. A. flavus ATCC 9643 konsentrasi 75% 27,8 mm. C. albicans ATCC 10231 konsentrasi 75% 5,1 mm. Hasil uji in vivo menunjukan efektivitas asap cair kayu sengon grade 2 pada bakteri sebesar 54,51%, jamur sebesar 84,37%. Dari data kuesioner responden diperoleh 75% menyukai warna, 41% menyukai aroma, 75% tidak menimbulkan efek kekeringan, 92% tidak mendapatkan efek samping. Dapat disimpulkan asap cair kayu grade 2 konsentrasi 75% memiliki kemampuan dalam menghambat pertumbuhan mikroba.
PRODUÇÃO DE PROTEASES E CELULASES FÚNGICAS A PARTIR Aspergillus sp NA01 e Paecilomyces sp.TP08 UTILIZANDO ENGAÇO DE UVA COMO SUBSTRATO
Authors: Andrade Eline de Souza Pontes , Grisi Cristiani Viegas Brandão , Cabral Emmely Vitória Santana , Xavier Bárbara Victória Vieira Ribeiro , Sousa Adna Cristina Barbosa de , Almeida Andréa Farias de 
Published: November 2024

Objetivo: Avaliar a produção de enzimas celulolíticas e proteolíticas a partir de Aspergillus sp NA01 e Paecilomyces sp.TP08 utilizando o engaço de uva como substrato em fermentação em estado sólido.
Referencial Teórico: O processamento de uva para produção de vinhos gera resíduos, como: engaço, casca, semente e bagaço, que são geralmente descartados de forma inadequada.
Método: O engaço foi caracterizado quanto à sua umidade, pH, porosidade e açúcares redutores totais. Para produção enzimática, foi utilizado frascos erlenmeyers com 5g de engaço de uva inoculados com Aspergillus sp NA01 e Paecilomyces sp.TP08 (1x107 conídios/g, 70% umidade e 30 °C). Após 10 dias de inoculação, foi extraído o complexo enzimático para determinação da atividade enzimática.
Resultados e Discussão: O engaço caracterizado tinha 70% de umidade, pH 4, porosidade de 0,39 g/mL e açúcares redutores totais (1,00g/L). Após 10 dias de processo, atividade celulolítica a partir do isolado Paecilomyces sp. TP08 foi de 7,48U/g para CMCase, 2,11 U/g para FPase e proteolítica de 26,39 U/g, e para o isolado Aspergillus sp. NA01 foi de 11,41U/g para CMCases, 1,73 U/g para FPases e 8,17 U/g para proteases.
Implicações da Pesquisa: Diante dos resultados, foi verificado o potencial da utilização do engaço de uva para produção de enzimas microbianas, principalmente enzimas celulolíticas e proteolíticas.
Originalidade/Valor: O enfoque na utilização de resíduos agrícolas como substrato para a produção de enzimas representa uma abordagem inovadora que contribui para a valorização de subprodutos agroindustriais, promovendo a sustentabilidade. A alta atividade celulolítica e proteolítica observada pode levar ao desenvolvimento de processos mais eficientes e economicamente viáveis, sendo relevante para a indústria.
Development of a Continuous Glucose Monitoring Service by Clinical Pharmacists in a Medically Underserved Population
Authors: Lingow Sara , Kinnikin Kacie , Guyton Justinne 
Published: November 2024

Background: Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) is an evolving technology that provides a wealth of information to aid in managing diabetes. Professional CGM (ProCGM) is recommended when personal CGM is not desired or available. Patients in medically underserved areas may have limited access to personal CGM devices, thus ProCGM devices can be used for short-term monitoring and medication adjustment. Clinical pharmacists are well-positioned to help set up and establish personal and professional CGM management services.
Objectives: To determine the effect of ProCGM in patients with persistently uncontrolled type 2 diabetes in a medically underserved population (MUP).
Methods: Pre-post intervention analysis of a single cohort of patients in a public health center. Patients with persistently uncontrolled (A1c > 9%) and taking at least one daily dose of insulin were included. Included participants wore a ProCGM sensor and met with the clinical pharmacist at least once for ProCGM data interpretation and education. The primary analysis evaluated patients who achieved an A1c <9% 1-6 months after intervention. The change in A1c was also evaluated. Participants completed a pre- and post-survey about their experience.
Results: Twenty-two patients were included in the final analysis. Ten patients achieved an A1c <9% (45%). The mean A1c pre- and post-ProCGM was 11.0% and 9.8% respectively, with a decrease of -1.2% (p=0.055) overall and a decrease of -1.7% for patients who wore the sensor for at least 10 days (p=0.012; n=15). Using the CGM data 91% of participants had a change to their medication regimen and 45% achieved an A1c <9%. Six participants experienced hypoglycemia per the CGM report, but only two were aware of it. After reviewing their glucose report with the pharmacist, 95% of the respondents agreed or strongly agreed to feeling more knowledgeable about blood sugar patterns after reviewing the report with a pharmacist.
Conclusion: Almost half of the patients in the study achieved an A1c <9%. This study demonstrated glycemic benefit in patients in a MUP who wore a ProCGM for at least 10 days and met with a clinical pharmacist. Data from ProCGM enabled patients to better understand glucose patterns in those with persistently uncontrolled type 2 diabetes.
Using a Preceptor Development Series in Writing and Publication to Improve Residency Research Manuscripts
Authors: Longyhore Daniel , Wright Eric , Krahe-Dombrowski Sarah , Andrick Benjamin 
Published: November 2024

Description of the Problem: Rates of pharmacy residency research projects making it to peer review and publication are low (between two and seven percent). Little is known about the influence of preceptor development on moving projects to peer-review and publication.
The Innovation: The primary objective was to describe the effect of a preceptor development series on writing and overall manuscript quality leading to submission to a peer-reviewed publisher. Three pharmacy preceptors assigned to a post-graduate year 1 residency project were enrolled in a six-week series focused on writing, peer-reviewed publishing, and advancing resident research to publication. Each preceptor was tasked with implementing development series content in their resident research mentorship.
Critical Analysis: Resident project manuscripts were assessed using a previously published 34-item evaluation tool. All papers were blinded for independent evaluation by two investigators. Nine papers were evaluated: three from preceptors who participated in the development program and six from preceptors who did not participate. The mean summary scores for papers with preceptors who participated versus those who did not were 5.8 and 5.4, respectively, on a 10-point scale. Additionally, papers from preceptor participants were noted to achieve satisfactory scores on evaluation tool items 85.3% of the time versus 74.7% of the time for non-participants.
Next Steps: Participation in a six-week preceptor development program on advancing resident writing and research to publication provided preceptors the tools needed to mentor higher quality manuscripts ready for publication. Residency programs may consider designing and implementing such a series to promote preceptor and resident research publication.
Modifying Pharmacy Enrollments by Employment Realities
Authors: Lloyd Crystal , Wertheimer Albert , Bissasor Thandeka , Truong Phat , Khanfar Nile 
Published: November 2024

Objective: The objective of this commentary is to consider the fluctuations in pharmacy school enrollments and to review some of the strategies employed in other health care professions as well as to consider policies that might lead to a closer balance between admissions to PharmD programs and employment opportunities. Such a balance provides superior job stability, decreased underemployment, and greater attractiveness to study pharmacy.
Findings: Pharmacy school entry requirements and standards have been relaxed to accommodate as many students as possible due to current declining applicant numbers. As a result, there are more pharmacist graduates than there are available jobs each year to the point that the job outlook for pharmacists may continue to go down in the future unless something is done to address the problem. Stricter entry requirements could help produce a higher quality pharmacy workforce in the future and relieve this disparity.
Summary: Pharmacy schools try to accommodate as many students as possible creating a job disparity between the number of available jobs and pharmacists seeking work. Suggestions can include stricter entry requirements, a certificate of need-type program, and other means to balance this misalignment.
A Retrospective Review on HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis in Davao City
Authors: Ebe Angel Mae A. , Gucila Chriszle Anne T. , Esponilla Aj G. , Canja Jayson B. , Gabucan Von Jay Maico G. 
Published: November 2024

Objectives: Evaluating the adherence to HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) is essential for increasing its utilization and decreasing the risk of HIV transmission among Davao City's vulnerable groups.
Methods: The research method utilized in the study is a quantitative, retrospective, descriptive research design. This method was employed to retrospectively review the de-identified data, which involved the fill and refill dates of PrEP and tablets supplied, to calculate the Proportion of Days Covered (PDC) among individuals in Davao City from January 2021 to December 2023. The study also included some demographic characteristics such as age and gender.
Results: From 178 data entries collected, the age group of 25 to 34 years old was found to have the highest HIV PrEP use (52.3%), followed by those between 18 to 24 (30.9%), 35 to 44 (13.5%), and 45 years old and older (3.4%). Out of 178, only 2 clients were female. Furthermore, 73.6% of the 178 entries in the pharmacy records were identified to be taking PrEP daily. Descriptive statistics showed that the frequency of adherent clients across the years were 36.4%, 44.7% and 38.5%, respectively. Furthermore, the average PDC through the years was found to be 70.13%, 80.48%, and 72.8%. Age did not significantly affect adherence to PrEP during the years investigated (p-values > 0.05).
Conclusion: Adherence to PrEP improved consistently in 2022 but declined in 2023, showing erratic adherence rates. Furthermore, adherence to HIV PrEP in Davao City was found to be suboptimal and while there are clients who are adherent, many are not. The results emphasize the need for targeted interventions and suggest that other socio-behavioral factors may play a role in this. To improve adherence and prevent HIV contractions, both short-term actions like public education campaigns about HIV PrEP and long-term plans like incorporating PrEP into the community pharmacies can be contributive.
Availability and Types of Pressure Ulcer Medications at Community Pharmacies in the Accra Metropolis of Ghana
Authors: Allotey-Babington Grace Lovia , Kretchy Irene Akwo , Asiedu-Gyekye Isaac Julius , Opong-Beniako Maame Kyiafi , Kufoalor Obed , Adjetey Gilnel Adjei , Mintah Michael Agyapong , Nettey Henry 
Published: November 2024

Pressure ulcers (PU) arise from prolonged pressure on the skin and underlying tissue due to pathological changes in blood flow. They usually develop in people who are immobilized due to certain medical conditions. The incidence of chronic diseases such as cancer, cardio-vascular diseases are on the ascendency. These conditions, if not managed adequately could render patients incapacitated, leaving them bedridden for long periods. The chances of these individuals developing PU are very high. Currently in Ghana, information on medications for the management of various stages of PU are not readily available. Prevention of PU has been the goal of nursing care, however, in the case where preventive care is not successful, there should be effective and efficient medications for the management of the PU.
Method: The study was cross-sectional. A stratified sampling approach was used to select pharmacies from each town within the ten districts of the Accra Metropolis. Respondents enrolled into the study were Pharmacists working at the selected pharmacies. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire.
Results: 241 pharmacies were visited, out of which 192 respondents took part in the study. Approximately 83.3% of these pharmacies had pressure ulcer medications. Patronage of PU medications in the Accra metropolis is average, however, the medications listed by respondents had other indications other than PU. There were a lot more hydrophobic based dressings than hydrophilic-based dressings.
Conclusion: There are pressure ulcer medications available in pharmacies within the Accra metropolis of Ghana. Although the medications are averagely patronized, there are not many types available. Hydrophilic based dressings were not readily available.
Impact of Pharmacist Expertise on Acceptance Rates in a Comprehensive E-Consult Program within a Large Academic Health System
Authors: Freed Carrie , King Cynthia , Soltesz Brandon , Gothard M. David , Altabbaa Bushra , Majstorovic Aleksandra 
Published: November 2024

Background
Although electronic consults (e-consults) are utilized in healthcare systems by medical professionals, use of e-consults by pharmacy remains novel outside of niche disease states. Additional research is required to fill literature gaps to assist in optimizing the pharmacist’s role in e-consult programs.
Objective
This study aimed to assess the impact of pharmacist expertise on e-consult outcomes.
Methods
This study was a retrospective review of all pharmacy e-consults completed by pharmacists at a large academic health system between March 1st, 2020, and August 31st, 2022. This was deemed quality improvement and did not require Institutional Review Board approval. E-consults were identified using a report. Key data collection points included e-consult disease state, ordering provider, pharmacists' specialty, and recommendation result. The primary outcome was the difference in acceptance rates of expert versus non-expert pharmacist recommendations. Secondary outcomes included the overall implementation rate, implementation rate over time, acceptance rate between provider types, time to implementation, and pharmacist response time. Acceptance rates were compared between expert/non-expert dichotomy via Pearson chi-square test.
Results
A total of 375 e-consults met inclusion criteria and spanned 19 unique disease states. The three most common included diabetes mellitus (27.0%), pain management (13.1%), and mental health (11.0%). Nearly 60% of e-consults were in a disease with an expert. The provider acceptance rate was higher when e-consults were completed by an expert versus non-expert (62.6% versus 39.6% respectively, p = 0.002). The overall implementation rate was 51.8%. Physicians (MD/DOs) accepted the pharmacist’s recommendations 55.6% of the time, advanced practice registered nurses (APRNs) 64.7%, physician assistants (PAs) 100.0%, and other professionals 25.0% (p = 0.033). Mean time to recommendation implementation was 16.5 days (SD = 29.4 days). Mean time to pharmacist response was 1.1 days (SD = 1.4 days).
Conclusions
Comprehensive e-consult programs are more successful when integrating expert pharmacists.
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Pharmacist-Led Diabetes Management Across Primary Care Clinics
Authors: King Cynthia , King Benjamin , Nagaraj Tara , Gothard David 
Published: November 2024

Purpose: Ambulatory care pharmacists (ACPs) on healthcare teams improve patient outcomes and help manage multiple chronic disease states.1 ACPs have demonstrated clinical benefit but need to show sustainability. The primary objective of this study is to determine the cost effectiveness of utilizing ACPs for diabetes mellitus (DM) management.
Methods: This was a retrospective, multi-site cohort study of 406 diabetic patients, > 18 years of age, with a HbA1c of > 8%, receiving primary care services within an academic health system between May 2015 to March 2018. In the ACP group, the ACP + primary care provider (PCP) + endocrinology managed patients’ DM compared to the PCP group, where DM was managed by PCP + endocrinology. To assess cost effectiveness of an ACP, costs of services were evaluated along with changes in HbA1c per patient per year.
Results: The ACP cost was $126 for each additional HbA1c percent lowered. The cost associated with moving one additional patient with HbA1c > 9% to HbA1c < 9% was $612. Based on facility fee billing, the ACPs cover approximately 70% of their annual salary and benefits from face-to-face visits. Change in HbA1c over 12 months was -2.5% in the ACP group and in the PCP group +1.08% (p<0.001). Based on quality metrics at 12-months, the ACP group met the goal of 75% of patients having a HbA1c < 9% and being prescribed a statin vs. the PCP group only met the metric for statin use.
Conclusions: ACPs led to significantly improved clinical outcomes with marginal up-front costs that could lead potential future cost savings through reductions in DM related complications or improving incentivized returns by achieving goal quality metric levels.
Pelatihan Pembuatan Ecoprint pada Siswa Sekolah Menengah Pertama (SMP) Muhammadiyah Kota Kupang
Authors: Rihi Febriana Rahelda 
Published: November 2024

SMP Muhammadiyah Kota Kupang terdapat beragam tumbuhan yang cocok untuk di jadikan ecoprint. Namun, karena mereka belum mengetahui apa itu ecoprint, sehingga keindahan tumbuhan tersebut belum dapat dimanfaatkan sepenuhnya. Tujuan dari kegiatan pelatihan ini yaitu untuk memberikan pelatihan dan pendampingan kepada siswa-siswi kelas VII C di SMP Muhammadiyah kota kupang agar mereka dapat mengetahui cara memanfaatkan bahan alam di sekitar mereka untuk menciptakan karya seni yang unik dan menarik, serta untuk memperkenalkan mereka pada teknik pembuatan motif dengan mengunakan tumbuhan melalui ecoprint. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode penyuluhan dan pendampingan secara langsung. Hasil dari pelatihan pembuatan ecoprint pada siswa-siswi kelas VII C di SMP Muhammadiyah kota Kupang yaitu untuk menciptakan motif-motif unik pada kain dengan menggunakan teknik ecoprint. Penilaian menunjukan bahwa secara keseluruhan, tingkat kualitas yang di hasilkan dari karya teknik ecoprint oleh peserta didik sangat memuaskan. Selain itu, kegiatan ini juga dapat menjadi bagian dari upaya melestarikan dan memanfaatkan bahan alam untuk menciptakan karya seni yang bisa di manfaatkan.
Pendampingan UMKM dalam Pengembangan Produk Olahan Pertanian dan Perikanan untuk Meningkatkan Nilai Ekonomi di Desa Andoolo Utama, Sulawesi Tenggara
Authors: Nur Indriyani , Bandea La Ode Santiaji , Saputra Rizal Adi , Abdullah Weka Gusmiarty , Hamzah Muhaimin , Arimbawa Putu , Silfi Silfi , Dilla Farah , Wibowo Bayu Adi 
Published: November 2024

Program Kuliah Kerja Nyata (KKN) di Desa Andoolo Utama bertujuan untuk memberikan pendampingan untuk meningkatkan kapasitas Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah (UMKM) dalam menghasilkan produk berbasis bahan olahan lokal. Kegiatan ini dilatarbelakangi oleh potensi pertanian dan perikanan, khususnya kelapa, singkong, dan ikan lele yang melimpah di Desa Andoolo Utama, namun pemanfaatannya masih terbatas pada produk mentah dengan nilai tambah rendah. Melalui pendekatan partisipatif, mahasiswa dan tim dosen pendamping KKN Universitas Halu Oleo memberikan pelatihan dan pendampingan kepada masyarakat, yang meliputi aspek pengolahan produk, manajemen usaha, pemasaran digital, pengemasan serta branding yang menarik dan higienis. Metode yang digunakan meliputi observasi, diskusi kelompok, bimbingan teknis, dan praktik langsung pembuatan produk olahan kelapa seperti media tanam dari sabut kelapa, opak singkong, jamu, dan abon ikan. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan peningkatan pemahaman dan keterampilan pelaku UMKM dalam mengolah kelapa, singkong, rimpang dan ikan lele menjadi produk bernilai tambah, peningkatan kualitas produk, dan kemampuan memasarkan produk secara lebih luas melalui platform digital. Program ini diharapkan dapat berkontribusi pada peningkatan kesejahteraan masyarakat Desa Andoolo Utama melalui pengembangan UMKM berbasis sumber daya lokal secara berkelanjutan.