bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surgical Outcomes of Implant-based Breast Reconstruction Using TiLoop Bra Mesh Combined With Pectoralis Major Disconnection
Authors: Chen Guanglei , Zhang Yixiao , Xue Jinqi , Zhu Xudong , Liu Chao , Sun Lisha , Gu Xi , Zhang Hao , Liu Caigang 
Published: May 2019

Objective
This study aimed to compare breast symmetry and patient satisfaction with breast appearance between implant-based breast reconstruction using TiLoop Bra mesh combined with pectoralis major disconnection (IMR) and conventional implant reconstruction (IR), and to analyze differences in complications.

Methods
This retrospective study included 59 patients administered IMR or IR in 2016 to 2018. Three-dimensional scanning was performed to objectively evaluate breast symmetry. The BREAST-Q scale was used to survey satisfaction with breast appearance, social psychosocial health, physical health, and sexual well-being.

Results
There were no significant differences in age, TNM stage, and chemotherapy between the 2 groups (all P > 0.05). In 3-dimensional scanning data, patients who underwent IMR had better bilateral breast symmetry compared with those administered IR (all P < 0.001). Based on the BREAST-Q survey, the satisfaction rate was significantly higher for IMR compared with IR (P = 0.0368), whereas psychosocial health, physical health, and sexual well-being showed no significant differences between the 2 groups (all P > 0.05). The IMR model showed no obvious advantages in common complications, including hematoma, incision site infection, skin flap necrosis, and prosthesis exposure and rupture compared with IR; loss of skin and nipple sensations was evident in both groups. The IMR model was associated with reduced incidence of fibrous capsule contracture compared with IR (0% vs 18.75%, P = 0.0267). The incidence rates of pectoralis major disconnection syndrome after IMR and IR were 18.50% and 0%, respectively (P = 0.0161).

Conclusions
Patients administered IMR have better breast symmetry and greater satisfaction with breast appearance compared with those treated by IR; however, IMR has unique complications, including pectoralis major disconnection syndrome.
The Complexity of the Retropubic Midurethral Sling: A Cognitive Task Analysis
Authors: Ackenbom Mary F. , Littleton Eliza B. , Mahmud Fizza , Sutkin Gary 
Published: May 2019

Objective
The primary aim of this study was to use cognitive task analysis to expand the retropubic midurethral sling into smaller steps, reflecting a surgeon’s internal thought processes during the surgery.

Methods
Two surgeons and a cognitive psychologist collaborated with expert urogynecologic surgeons in structured discussions and semistructured interviews, iteratively creating a list of clinical steps for the midurethral sling. They primarily considered 2 questions: (1) what action does the expert perform for this step, and (2) what information does the expert need to complete the step? We defined each additional piece of detail within a step as a microstep. The cognitive task analysis list was further reviewed by 4 external expert urogynecologic surgeons to obtain further detail. The process was repeated for every step until the maximum level of detail was reached. We used multiple methods to explore the relationship between microsteps and the cognitive load associated with various portions of the surgery.

Results
Cognitive task analysis expanded the midurethral sling from 23 to 197 microsteps. Steps with the greatest number of microsteps included retropubic advancement with the trocar (19 microsteps) and ventral advancement of the trocar through the skin (17 microsteps).

Conclusions
The retropubic midurethral sling is a complex surgery with multiple microsteps embedded within in each step. Identification of these steps can lead to strategies to minimize cognitive load encouraging both efficacy and safety. Surgical training interventions and competency assessment can be developed based on this content.
Chronotherapeutics: Recognizing the Importance of Timing Factors in the Treatment of Disease and Sleep Disorders
Authors: Zaki Nevin F. W. , Yousif Maha , BaHammam Ahmed S. , Spence David Warren , Bharti Vijay K. , Subramanian Perumal , Pandi-Perumal Seithikurippu R. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThis review describes the characteristics of a number of pathologies, which are considered from the point of view of chronobiology, that is, the way in which biological processes are expressed throughout the 24-hour day. This perspective is a relatively new way of thinking about disease and additionally about how to treat diseases. It has called attention to the importance of not only the quantity of a drug that is administered but also when it is administered. In addition, the review presents an overview of the emerging clinical strategies known as chronotherapeutics, that is, the effects of the daily scheduling of drug administration and the consequences of the activity and efficacy of therapies that are applied in this manner. This article also reviews innovative ways in which physicians are applying time-specified drug treatment (chronopharmacology) for sleep disorders. Here, we present a systematic description of chronopharmacology as well as definitions of key terms that, we believe, will be helpful for newcomers to the field. It is hoped that greater awareness of this new perspective on pharmacology will promote its adoption by researchers and clinicians.
Definition and Characteristics of Chronic Tissue Injury
Authors: Mahoney Mary F. , Rozenboom Barbara J. 
Published: May 2019

BACKGROUND:
The purpose of this article is to examine the evidence related to a unique phenomenon of purple-maroon discoloration of the buttocks found in homecare patients and to recommend a label for this phenomenon.

CASES:
Initially, we searched the literature to identify and retrieve any evidence related to this unique form of purple-maroon discoloration of the buttocks. No evidence was found. To illustrate the condition, we compared 4 cases of what we have labeled chronic tissue injury to 6 patients with purple-maroon discoloration of the buttocks from different causes.

CONCLUSION:
Chronic tissue injury is characterized by a persistent purple-maroon discoloration located on the fleshy portion of the buttocks that does not improve or deteriorate. Unlike other causes of purple discoloration such as deep tissue pressure injury, there is minimal change in the discoloration over time. Additional research is needed to further our understanding of the histopathology of this phenomenon.
The Connectivity Index: An Effective Metric for Grading Epileptogenicity
Authors: Yan Qi , Gaspard Nicolas , Zaveri Hitten P , Blumenfeld Hal , Hirsch Lawrence J. , Spencer Dennis D. , Alkawadri Rafeed 
Published: May 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the performance of a metric of functional connectivity to classify and grade the excitability of brain regions based on evoked potentials to single pulse electrical stimulation (SPES).MethodsPatients who received 1-Hz frequency stimulation between 2003 and 2014 at Yale at prospectively selected contacts were included. The stimulated contacts were classified as seizure onset zone (SOZ), highly irritative zone (IZp) or control. Response contacts were classified as seizure onset zone (SOZ), active interictal (IZp), quiet or other. The normalized number of responses was defined as the number of contacts with any evoked responses divided by the total number of recorded contacts, and the normalized distance is the ratio of the average distance between the site of stimulation and sites of evoked responses to the average distances between the site of stimulation and all other recording contacts. A new metric we labeled the connectivity index (CI) is defined as the product of the two values.Results57 stimulation-sessions in 22-patients were analyzed. The connectivity index (CI) of the SOZ was higher than control (median CI of 0.74 vs. 0.16, p = 0.0002). The evoked responses after stimulation of SOZ were seen at further distance compared to control (median normalized distance 0.96 vs. 0.62, p = 0.0005). It was 1.8 times more likely to record a response at SOZ than in non-epileptic contacts after stimulation of a control site. Habitual seizures were triggered in 27% of patients and 35 % of SOZ contacts (median stimulation intensity 4 mA) but in none of the control or IZpcontacts. Non-SOZ contacts in multifocal or poor surgical outcome cases had a higher CI than non-SOZ contacts in those with localizable onsets (medians CI of 0.5 vs. 0.12, p = 0.04). There was a correlation between the stimulation current intensity and the normalized number of evoked responses (r = + 0.49, p 0.01) but not with distance (r = + 0.1, p 0.64)ConclusionsWe found enhanced connectivity when stimulating the SOZ compared to stimulating control contacts; responses were more distant as well. Habitual auras and seizures provoked by SPES were highly predictive of brain sites involved in seizure generation.
Spectrum: Fast density-aware spectral clustering for single and multi-omic data
Authors: John Christopher R. , Watson David , Barnes Michael , Pitzalis Costantino , Lewis Myles J. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractClustering of single or multi-omic data is key to developing personalised medicine and identifying new cell types. We present Spectrum, a fast spectral clustering method for single and multi-omic expression data. Spectrum is flexible and performs well on single-cell RNA-seq data. The method uses a new density-aware kernel that adapts to data scale and density. It uses a tensor product graph data integration and diffusion technique to reveal underlying structures and reduce noise. We developed a powerful method of eigenvector analysis to determine the number of clusters. Benchmarking Spectrum on 21 datasets demonstrated improvements in runtime and performance relative to other state-of-the-art methods.Contact:christopher.john@qmul.ac.uk
Motor effort and adaptive sampling in perceptual decision-making
Authors: Zhu Tianyao 
Published: May 2019

AbstractPeople usually switch their attention between the options when trying to make a decision. In our experiments, we bound motor effort to such switching behavior during a two-alternative perceptual decision-making task and recorded the sampling patterns by computer mouse cursor tracking. We found that the time and motor cost to make the decision positively correlated with the number of switches between the stimuli and increased with the difficulty of the task. Specifically, the first and last sampled items were chosen in an attempt to minimize the overall motor effort during the task and were manipulable by biasing the relevant motor cost. Moreover, we observed the last-sampling bias that the last sampled item was more likely to be chosen by the subjects. We listed all possible Bayesian Network models for different hypotheses regarding the causal relationship behind the last-sampling bias, and only the model assuming bidirectional dependency between attention and decision successfully predicted the empirical results. Meanwhile, denying that the current decision variable can feedback into the attention switching patterns during sampling, the conventional attentional drift-diffusion model (aDDM) was inadequate to explain the size of the last-sampling bias in our experimental conditions. We concluded that the sampling behavior during perceptual decision-making actively adapted to the motor effort in the specific task settings, as well as the temporary decision.
Active learning for the promotion of students’ creativity and critical thinking
Authors: Sgambi Luca , Kubiak Lylian , Basso Noemi , Garavaglia Elsa 
Published: May 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is two-fold: first, it highlights the importance of the presence of active teaching experiences in architecture courses. Such experiences can lead to an improvement in the teaching of technical disciplines, such as structural engineering. Second, it purports to demonstrate the relation and interaction between the active teaching strategy here presented and the learning outcomes required by the study programme.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper reports an active didactic experience (addressed to students of architecture and performed at Politecnico di Milano, Italy, and Université catholique de Louvain, Belgium), from its conception to its development in the classroom with the students. The experience is reported by discussing the three main steps of which an active didactic experience should be composed: the stimulus, the practice and the discussion.

Findings
The experience seeks to find innovative methods to stimulate the study of structural engineering by students of architecture. Through this experience, based on the study of a square silicon pot mat, students are able to learn concepts related to the mechanics of structures. In addition, students find in their experience direct connections with structures of considerable architectural importance, such as the structure of the New National Gallery by Mies van der Rohe.

Originality/value
This experience is original in two aspects. First of all, the introduction of an active didactic experience to improve courses that are generally structured in a passive way. Second, in an era where the importance of numerical technology is growing, this experience goes in a different direction by choosing a low-tech but no less interesting approach.
Signaling value of top management team
Authors: Amin Muhammad , Wu Jianfeng , Tu Rungting 
Published: May 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to integrate the upper echelon theory with signaling theory and examine the impact of top management team (TMT) on the initial public offering (IPO) performance of Chinese firms in the USA.Design/methodology/approachThis study used Security Data Corporation (SDC) that is a central database for foreign IPOs in the USA. The authors identified 142 Chinese firms that issued stocks on the US markets between 2003 and 2014. This study used firm’s final prospectuses to collect data manually.FindingsThis study finds that the TMT characteristics such as functional heterogeneity and international exposure convey the positive signal of firm’s legitimacy to the US investors and increase the IPO performance.Originality/valueThis study extends the upper echelon perspective that has previously overlooked the signaling value of TMT characteristics in the foreign IPO studies. The top management plays an important role to the firm’s successful foreign market listing. Since China joined the WTO in 2001, a large number of Chinese firms have started IPOs in the USA, but there is a dearth of research on these firms. This study aims to contribute to the study of international business and management and describes that the TMT functional heterogeneity and international exposure have a significant role in the success of Chinese foreign IPOs.
Use and reuse of visual resources in student papers and presentations
Authors: Matusiak Krystyna K. , Harper Anna , Heinbach Chelsea 
Published: May 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to explore how undergraduate and graduate students use visual resources in their papers and presentations and what role images play in their academic work. It also focused on analyzing the types of image use/reuse in academic work.

Design/methodology/approach
This study was designed using an exploratory, qualitative approach. In all, 15 participants were recruited. Multiple sources of data were collected, including visual evidence, questionnaires and interviews. It adopted consensual qualitative research for data analysis.

Findings
This study finds a prevalent reuse of images in student presentations but limited use and reuse in papers. Images in presentations were primarily reused as objects for engaging and esthetic purposes. Reuse of images as a source of information was not common and in some cases problematic when students were missing context. The type of use/reuse of images in the papers was more varied with examples of creative use and transformative reuse.

Practical implications
This paper contributes to a better understanding of how students use and reuse images for academic papers and presentations. Results have important implications for teaching visual literacy and re-purposing images in higher education.

Originality/value
This paper analyses educational use/reuse of images along the data/object spectrum and distinguishes between different types of image use and reuse.
Fabric retrieval system for apparel e-commerce considering Kansei information
Authors: Takatera Masayuki , Yoshida Ran , Peiffer Julie , Yamazaki Moe , Yashima Kenya , Kim KyoungOk , Miyatake Keiko 
Published: May 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to create a fabric retrieval system for designers that is based on a database that includes designers’ criteria and Kansei (sense and feeling) information, designed for the selection of a fabric from a wide range in e-commerce.

Design/methodology/approach
The database included sensory expressions for each type of fabric taken from fashion journals and values of smoothness, softness, luster and thinness (referred to as Kansei values) for each fabric. The Kansei values were determined by a Japanese expert designer using standard fabric samples of a fabric type. The system uses two search methods to find the desired type of fabric: a category search method and a free word search method. After finding appropriate types of fabric, the user further narrows down the fabrics of the selected type to more suitable fabrics using the Kansei values. The validity of the Kansei values and the effectiveness of the system were verified by 11 professional designers from Japan and Sweden.

Findings
The Japanese and Swedish designers were satisfied with the fabrics retrieved for specific items and found that the system was effective. The Kansei values were similar among fashion designers and shown to be effective for fabric retrieval.

Originality/value
The system will allow designers to find appropriate types of fabric and to narrow their search for fabrics among selected types to find candidate fabrics easily and quickly with their Kansei values and experience without technical knowledge of fabrics.
A study of knowledge management systems processes and technology in open and distance education institutions in higher education
Authors: Altınay Fahriye , Altınay Mehmet , Dagli Gokmen , Altınay Zehra 
Published: May 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to focus on the implementation and evaluation of knowledge management and e-transformation strategies of higher educational institutions in distance education. After an evaluation of higher educational practices in different countries, distance education was considered a different strategy and was emphasized as an advantage in competitiveness.

Design/methodology/approach
The study reflects a case study in the context of qualitative research. A written view report was conducted to evaluate the awareness of digital efficiency and roles of the teachers in learning environments and evaluation processes in the organizational structure. The qualitative data were evaluated through Nvivo qualitative data analysis. When the literature is overviewed, it can be observed that there are limited studies in this field.

Findings
As a result, distance education contributes a lot to providing equal opportunities in education. It is of great importance that individuals are aware of their roles in the process of accessibility, institutional support, technological infrastructure, support provided for students, learning-teaching environments and evaluation of distance education programs based on equality and life-long learning. In applications of different countries evaluated by Salmon et al. (2014) based on Carpe Diem Model, it is argued that knowledge management and sharing, the role of teachers and digital capability in distance education applications are crucial.

Research limitations/implications
The study is limited to 35 research participants.

Practical implications
Internationalization has become an important issue in higher educational activities.

Social implications
Diffusion of the uses of knowledge management practice in distance education is important.

Originality/value
The study has a great value on the use of international perspectives and the Carpe Diem Model for the evaluation.
Learning analytics made in France: the METAL project
Authors: Brun Armelle , Bonnin Geoffray , Castagnos Sylvain , Roussanaly Azim , Boyer Anne 
Published: May 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present the METAL project, a French open learning analytics (LA) project for secondary school, that aims at improving the quality of teaching. The originality of METAL is that it relies on research through exploratory activities and focuses on all the aspects of a learning analytics environment.

Design/methodology/approach
This work introduces the different concerns of the project: collection and storage of multi-source data owned by a variety of stakeholders, selection and promotion of standards, design of an open-source LRS, conception of dashboards with their final users, trust, usability, design of explainable multi-source data-mining algorithms.

Findings
All the dimensions of METAL are presented, as well as the way they are approached: data sources, data storage, through the implementation of an LRS, design of dashboards for secondary school, based on co-design sessions data mining algorithms and experiments, in line with privacy and ethics concerns.

Originality/value
The issue of a global dissemination of LA at an institution level or at a broader level such as a territory or a study level is still a hot topic in the literature, and is one of the focus and originality of this paper, associated with the large spectrum of different concerns.
How the blockchain enables and constrains supply chain performance
Authors: Hald Kim Sundtoft , Kinra Aseem 
Published: May 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to understand the enabling and constraining roles of blockchain technology (BCT) in managerial work practices and conceptualise the technology–performance relationship in supply chain management (SCM).

Design/methodology/approach
A structured literature review and a theory-driven approach are used. A set of propositions are developed, suggesting how the use of BCT in supply chains can be understood to simultaneously enable and constrain SCM and performance.

Findings
The analysis identifies four enabling and three constraining blockchain identities to explain how the technology either “facilitates” or “impedes” SCM and supply chain performance. Traceability, which emanates from its ability to provide data immutability, ranks highly as a core innovation of the technology. The blockchain is mainly seen as an opportunity to exploit existing supply chain resources and competencies.

Research limitations/implications
One limitation of the research is its conceptual nature. Future research should test the developed propositions empirically. Further research should focus on BCT as an opportunity to explore and as a relationship-building technology. More research is also needed focussing on the complex and simultaneous enabling and constraining effects of BCT in supply chains.

Originality/value
The paper shows the important and complex Janus-faced implications of embedding BCT in supply chains and demonstrates how organisational theory can be applied to explore the relationship between blockchain and SCM.