bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The risk of long‐term bowel dysfunction after resection for sigmoid adenocarcinoma: a cross‐sectional survey comparing complete mesocolic excision with conventional surgery
Authors: Bertelsen C. A. , Elfeki H. , Neuenschwander A. U. , Laurberg S. , Kristensen B. , Emmertsen K. J. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractAimTo investigate whether complete mesocolic excision (CME) might carry a higher risk of bowel dysfunction and subsequent reduction in quality of life compared with conventional resection.MethodA cross‐sectional questionnaire study based on data from a national survey regarding long‐term bowel function and a population‐based cohort study comparing CME (study group) with conventional resection (control group). A total of 622 patients undergoing elective resection for Stage I–III sigmoid adenocarcinoma at four university colorectal centres between June 2008 and December 2014 were eligible to receive the questionnaire in mid‐November 2015. Primary outcomes were four or more bowel movements daily, nocturnal bowel movements, unproductive call to stool, obstructive sensation and impact of bowel function on quality of life (QOL).ResultsOne hundred and twenty‐seven (69.0%) and 289 (66.0%) patients in the study and control groups, respectively, responded to the questionnaire after medians of 4.41 [interquartile range (IQR) 2.50, 5.83] and 4.57 (IQR 3.15, 5.82) years, respectively (P = 0.048). CME was not associated with: increased risk of four or more bowel movements daily [adjusted OR 1.14 (95% CI 0.59–2.14; P = 0.68)], nocturnal bowel movements [adjusted OR 1.31 (0.66–2.53; P = 0.43)], unproductive call to stool [adjusted OR 0.99 (0.54–1.77; P = 0.97)] or obstructive sensation [adjusted OR 1.01 (0.56–1.78; P = 0.96)]. While one in five patients in both groups had moderate to severe impact of bowel function on QOL, there was no association with CME.ConclusionFor patients with sigmoid cancer, CME is associated with neither higher risk of bowel dysfunction nor impaired QOL.
Live donor liver transplantation with older donors: Increased long‐term graft loss due to HCV recurrence
Authors: Goldaracena Nicolas , Barbas Andrew S. , Galante Antonio , Sapisochin Gonzalo , Al‐Adra David , Selzner Nazia , Galvin Zita , Cattral Mark S. , Greig Paul D. , Lilly Les , Bhat Mamatha , McGilvray Ian D. , Ghanekar Anand , Levy Gary , Grant David R. , Selzner Markus 
Published: June 2018

AbstractUsing our prospectively collected database all adult hepatitis C virus (HCV)‐positive patients receiving an adult‐to‐adult LDLT between October 2000 and May 2014 were identified. Outcome of LDLT with grafts from younger (<50 years=128) vs older donors (≥50 years=31) was compared. Post‐transplant graft function, postoperative complications and incidence of HCV recurrence were evaluated. Long‐term graft and patient survival was calculated. No difference in graft function was observed between younger and older grafts. Overall complications were similar between both groups. The severity of complications determined by the Dindo‐Clavien score was similar. Graft loss from HCV recurrence was significantly less frequent in younger grafts (18% vs 62%, P = 0.001). Young vs older livers had a trend toward improved 1‐, 5‐, and 10‐year graft survival (89% vs 87%, 77% vs 69%, 70% vs 55%, P = 0.096), while patient survival was comparable between both groups (91% vs 90%, 78% vs 69%, 71% vs 60%, P = 0.25). In conclusion, LDLT with older vs younger grafts are more frequently associated with long‐term graft loss due to HCV recurrence. Differences in graft survival might be more prominent with prolonged (≥5‐year) follow‐up. Living donor‐recipient matching is particularly important for younger HCV‐positive recipients.
Intraoperative versus postoperative rendezvous endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography to treat common bile duct stones during cholecystectomy
Authors: Noel Rozh , Arnelo Urban , Swahn Fredrik 
Published: June 2018

Background and AimThe rendezvous postoperative endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) technique has been introduced as a modification of the single‐session rendezvous intraoperative ERCP procedure in the management of concurrent common bile duct stones during cholecystectomy. There are no reports on the impact of this modified technique on post‐ERCP morbidity. The objective of the present study was to study and compare the rendezvous techniques in terms of procedure‐associated morbidities, such as post‐ERCP pancreatitis and postoperative infections.MethodsThe Swedish National Registry for Gallstone Disease and ERCP was searched for ERCP procedures cross‐matched with cholecystectomies for the same patient carried out for gallstone indications between 2008 and 2014. A total of 1770 rendezvous ERCP procedures were retrieved and included in this study. The ERCP procedures were considered rendezvous intraoperative or rendezvous postoperative, depending on whether the ERCP procedure was carried out during or after completing the cholecystectomy.ResultsThere were 1205 and 565 ERCP procedures in the rendezvous intraoperative and the rendezvous postoperative groups, respectively. The cohorts were similar in age and gender distribution. Overall complication rates were higher in the rendezvous postoperative group compared with the rendezvous intraoperative group (19.7% vs 14%, P = 0.004), involving specifically post‐ERCP pancreatitis (6.4% vs 3.2% P = 0.003) and postoperative infections (4.4% vs 2.3% P = 0.028). Despite similar stone clearance rates, there were higher rates of retained stones in the rendezvous postoperative group (5.5% vs 0.6%, P < 0.001).ConclusionsSingle‐session rendezvous intraoperative ERCP is superior to the rendezvous postoperative ERCP technique in terms of post‐ERCP pancreatitis and postoperative infections.
Developmental changes in automatic rule‐learning mechanisms across early childhood
Authors: Mueller Jutta L , Friederici Angela D , Männel Claudia 
Published: June 2018

AbstractInfants’ ability to learn complex linguistic regularities from early on has been revealed by electrophysiological studies indicating that 3‐month‐olds, but not adults, can automatically detect non‐adjacent dependencies between syllables. While different ERP responses in adults and infants suggest that both linguistic rule learning and its link to basic auditory processing undergo developmental changes, systematic investigations of the developmental trajectories are scarce. In the present study, we assessed 2‐ and 4‐year‐olds’ ERP indicators of pitch discrimination and linguistic rule learning in a syllable‐based oddball design. To test for the relation between auditory discrimination and rule learning, ERP responses to pitch changes were used as predictor for potential linguistic rule‐learning effects. Results revealed that 2‐year‐olds, but not 4‐year‐olds, showed ERP markers of rule learning. Although, 2‐year‐olds’ rule learning was not dependent on differences in pitch perception, 4‐year‐old children demonstrated a dependency, such that those children who showed more pronounced responses to pitch changes still showed an effect of rule learning. These results narrow down the developmental decline of the ability for automatic linguistic rule learning to the age between 2 and 4 years, and, moreover, point towards a strong modification of this change by auditory processes. At an age when the ability of automatic linguistic rule learning phases out, rule learning can still be observed in children with enhanced auditory responses. The observed interrelations are plausible causes for age‐of‐acquisition effects and inter‐individual differences in language learning.
Land cover influences on juvenile Rainbow Trout diet composition and condition in Lake Michigan tributaries
Authors: Brumm Kyle J. , Jonas Jory L. , Prichard Carson G. , Watson Nicole M. , Pangle Kevin L. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractWatershed development may alter tributaries in ways that influence the growth and development of juvenile fish. For Rainbow TroutOncorhynchus mykiss, the extent of land cover influence on the diet composition of stream‐residing juveniles is still an open but important question, particularly given their broad global distribution. Our study evaluated the effect of land cover on diet composition and condition metrics of juvenile Rainbow Trout in Lake Michigan tributaries. Juveniles were collected in the fall of 2014 and 2015 from 18 sampling locations across the Lake Michigan basin and included a wide variety of land cover types. Multivariate statistical procedures were used to quantitatively score sites along axes that maximized variation in land cover and diet composition. Subsequently, Spearman's rank correlations were used to test for significance of correlations between (a) land cover and diet composition, (b) land cover and fish condition, and (c) diet composition and fish condition. Our results indicated that land cover had an influence on the diet compositions of juvenile Rainbow Trout, but neither land cover nor diet composition had a significant influence on Rainbow Trout condition. These findings contrast with previously published work focusing on the growth responses of other fish species and provide insight into the plastic nature of Rainbow Trout. Further, we discuss potential ways in which fish may mitigate the effect of land cover changes as they are transmitted through stream food webs; however, the magnitude of the mitigation likely varies among fish species.
FENS‐Kavli winter symposium: Addressing the cellular phase of dementia—visions of the UK Dementia Research Institute
Authors: Hesse Raphael , Henstridge Christopher M. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThis is a short report summarising the plenary talk by Professor Bart de Strooper, at the 2017 FENS‐Kavli winter symposium. We have tried to capture some of the key points in his lecture on dementia research and we discuss his vision for the new UK Dementia Research Institute (UK DRI). In his talk, Prof. de Strooper encourages us to focus on the multicellular influence on brain dysfunction in dementia and we summarise how the UK DRI is a timely and ambitious, collaborative endevour, aiming to conquer dementia.
Ontogenetic approach reveals how cognitive capability and motivation shape prey‐searching behavior in Pholcus phalangioides cellar spiders
Authors: Kilmer Joseph T. , Havens Zachary S. , Rodríguez Rafael L. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractAn important part of understanding the evolution of behavior is understanding how and why behavior develops and changes throughout ontogeny. Patterns of behavior are shaped by an animal's capabilities as well as its motivations, both of which are subject to selection. We ran an experiment to see how spiders' efforts to recover lost prey change with age and to determine the relative contributions of shifts in capability and motivation. We found that as spiders mature, they spend less time searching to recover lost prey, and they discriminate less between prey of different sizes. We also found that even the youngest, least experienced spiders are cognitively equipped to search for lost prey. Thus, predatory behavior in spiders fluctuated primarily with each age group's motivations to capture and consume prey, and did not seem to be hindered by behavioral or cognitive limitations at young ages.
The profitability effect: Insights from international equity markets
Authors: Chen Te‐Feng , Sun Lei , Wei K. C. John , Xie Feixue 
Published: June 2018

AbstractUsing data from 33 international markets over the period 1990–2017, we reveal that the profitability effect exists in many countries other than the USA, but the size of this effect is sensitive to the measure of profitability and portfolio sorts. The profitability effect is significant in pooled developed and global markets, though less so in emerging markets. The evidence lends support to incorporating a profitability factor in regional/global factor models. Cross‐region and cross‐country analyses show mixed evidence for a positive relationship between profitability effects and market developments, though the overall findings lean toward supporting the prediction of the investment model.
CXCL13 produced by macrophages due to Fli1 deficiency may contribute to the development of tissue fibrosis, vasculopathy and immune activation in systemic sclerosis
Authors: Taniguchi Takashi , Miyagawa Takuya , Toyama Satoshi , Yamashita Takashi , Nakamura Kouki , Saigusa Ryosuke , Ichimura Yohei , Takahashi Takehiro , Toyama Tetsuo , Yoshizaki Ayumi , Sato Shinichi , Asano Yoshihide 
Published: June 2018

AbstractCXCL13, a chemokine for B cells, follicular T cells, T helper 17 cells, and regulatory T cells, is reported to contribute to the development of systemic sclerosis (SSc), reflecting aberrant activation of immune system. To better understand the role of CXCL13 in SSc, we investigated the influence of Fli1 deficiency, a potential predisposing factor of this disease, on CXCL13 expression and assessed the clinical correlation of serum CXCL13 levels by multivariate regression analysis. Haploinsufficient loss of Fli1 remarkably induced CXCL13 expression in murine peritoneal macrophages, while gene silencing of FLI1 did not affect the expression of CXCL13 in human dermal fibroblasts and human dermal microvascular endothelial cells. Serum CXCL13 levels were elevated in SSc patients compared with healthy controls and correlated positively with skin score and negatively with pulmonary function test results. SSc patients with elevated serum CXCL13 levels had longer disease duration, diffuse cutaneous involvement, interstitial lung disease (ILD), heart involvement, pulmonary arterial hypertension, Raynaud's phenomenon, pitting scars, digital ulcers, telangiectasia, and high serum IgG levels more frequently than the other patients. In particular, serum CXCL13 levels were associated with ILD and digital ulcers by multivariate regression analysis. Taken together, these results indicate that CXCL13 expression is upregulated by Fli1 deficiency in macrophages, potentially contributing to the development of tissue fibrosis, vasculopathy and immune activation in SSc, especially ILD and digital ulcers.
Family Nursing Therapeutic Conversations: Family Reorganization Processes After Diagnosis
Authors: Voltelen Barbara , Konradsen Hanne , Østergaard Birte 
Published: June 2018

ObjectiveTo explore and explain the readjustment processes of families living with a family member suffering from heart failure 1 year after having attended a heart failure clinic where family nursing therapeutic conversations were conducted.BackgroundLiving with heart failure is challenging for both the patient and the family due to role shifts and drastic lifestyle changes. Long‐term support for the entire family is needed from health care professionals. Evidence for suitable family interventions is scarce.MethodJoint interviews with 15 families in which a member suffered from heart failure were conducted. Theoretical sampling guided the inclusion of families, and a grounded theory approach was used to analyze data.ResultsThe core category to emerge was reorganizing family life, which included the process of balancing competing needs on an individual level and as a family. The needs in question involved maintaining personal integrity and maintaining family bonds in the context of health care and daily living.ConclusionsThe process of reorganizing family life seemed to stabilize during the first year. Exploring family illness narratives and family perception of needs and goals guided by health care professionals seem to support families' well‐being and adjustment processes.ImplicationsKnowledge from this study could improve collaboration between families and health care professionals and support the communication within families living with heart failure.
Contemporary and emerging fisheries in The Bahamas—Conservation and management challenges, achievements and future directions
Authors: Sherman Krista D. , Shultz Aaron D. , Dahlgren Craig P. , Thomas Claire , Brooks Edward , Brooks Annabelle , Brumbaugh Daniel R. , Gittens Lester , Murchie Karen J. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe harvest of marine resources has long‐standing cultural and economic importance to The Bahamas and other small island developing states. Tourists and residents place a demand on local marine resources, particularly Caribbean spiny lobster, Panulirus argus (Latreille), queen conch, Lobatus gigas (Linnaeus) and Nassau grouper, Epinephelus striatus (Bloch), and many fishery products are also sold on the global market. Illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing coupled with inadequate regulations and enforcement are the main factors contributing to the decline of Bahamian fisheries along with other anthropogenic impacts. This article reviews the status of fisheries management in The Bahamas using economically and ecologically important species as case studies to highlight conservation successes, knowledge gaps and deficiencies in existing management approaches. The review concludes with an examination of how emerging fisheries and improved conservation management strategies have the potential to improve economic and food security throughout the archipelago.
Risk factors for falls in terms of attention during gait in community‐dwelling older adults
Authors: Inoue Tadatoshi , Kamijo Kenji , Haraguchi Kenzo , Suzuki Akihiro , Noto Misako , Yamashita Yuh , Nakamura Takashi 
Published: June 2018

AimWe examined factors related to conditions of life function and falls, including eye movements and gait variability, in community‐dwelling older adults in Japan.MethodsParticipants were 82 older adults (21 men, 61 women, mean age 76.1 years). We measured eye movements and gait variability during walking, and cognitive, attentional and life function. We compared two groups according to their fall history, and used a multiple logistic regression analysis to determine its relevance.ResultsFixation time, which was estimated from eye movements during obstacle crossing, and gait variability (vertical) were significantly associated with falls. There was also a significant correlation between fixation time and gait variability during obstacle crossing. In other words, the higher the gait variability in older adults, the higher the risk of falls, which was due to reduced attention estimated from eye movements during obstacle crossing that required obstacle avoidance.ConclusionsThese results show that poor attention during gait is a critical risk factor for falls in community‐dwelling older adults. For fall prevention, it is necessary to promote exercises for attention, and to maintain an older adult‐friendly pedestrian environment. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2018; 18: 1267–1271.
The making of a White nation: The disappearance of the Black population in Argentina
Authors: Edwards Erika Denise 
Published: June 2018

AbstractWhile visiting what is considered the most European and White country in Latin America, I often asked Argentines, “What happened to the Black population?” The most common response I heard on the streets of Argentina “there are no Blacks, they disappeared.” But how can a population “disappear” and what exactly does that constitute for a country that prides itself in being European. Scholars have grappled with the meaning of disappearance and the consequences of the myth of Black disappearance since the 1960s. This essay traces their observations and conclusions, which have put the color back into Argentina's whitened past.
Heterogeneity of tumour‐infiltrating lymphocytes in breast cancer and its prognostic significance
Authors: Althobiti Maryam , Aleskandarany Mohammed A , Joseph Chitra , Toss Michael , Mongan Nigel , Diez‐Rodriguez Maria , Nolan Christopher C , Ashankyty Ibraheem , Ellis Ian O , Green Andrew R , Rakha Emad A 
Published: June 2018

Background and aimsTumour‐infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in breast cancer (BC) provide prognostic and predictive information. The aim of this study was to assess the spatial and temporal heterogeneity of TILs in BC and its relationship with immune cell subtypes.Methods and resultsImmunohistochemically defined immune cell subtypes, i.e. those expressing T‐cell markers (CD3, CD8, and FOXP3), a B‐cell marker (CD20) and a histiocytic marker (CD68), were evaluated in a large series (n = 1165) of invasive BCs. A subset of full‐face haematoxylin and eosin (H&E)‐stained slides were examined for TILs heterogeneity within primary tumours and the corresponding local recurrent carcinomas to investigate spatial and temporal TILs heterogeneity. H&E‐stained sections from multiple tumour blocks (three or four blocks per case) representing different tumour areas were evaluated to assess TILs interslide heterogeneity and intraslide heterogeneity. Both average stromal TILs (AV‐TILs) and hotspot stromal TILs (HS‐TILs) were assessed. AV‐TILs showed associations with all immune cell subtypes; however, CD3+ cells constituted the main component (mean number of CD3+ was 55), whereas CD20+ cells constituted the smallest component (mean number of CD20 was 13). There was no significant statistical difference between TILs across tumour blocks of the same case (P = 0.251 for AV‐TILs and P = 0.162 for HS‐TILs). Triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) showed higher TILs percentage than other BC subtypes (P < 0.001). High AV‐TILs, CD3+ cells, CD8+ cells and CD20+ cells were associated with longer survival in TNBC patients (P < 0.05). High AV‐TILs in recurrent tumours showed a significant association with shorter post‐recurrence survival (P = 0.004).ConclusionsDespite the heterogeneity of immune cell type components, average TILs in one full‐face H&E‐stained section reliably represent TILs in the whole tumour. TILs were associated with outcome in TNBC patients, as well as having prognostic significance for recurrent tumours.
Comparative assessment of phytochemical profiles and antioxidant activities in selected five varieties of wampee (Clausena lansium) fruits
Authors: Chang Xiaoxiao , Ye Yutong , Pan Jianping , Lin Zhixiong , Qiu Jishui , Guo Xinbo , Lu Yusheng 
Published: June 2018

SummaryWampee (Clausena lansium) fruit is a good resource for food ingredient because of abundant bioactive compounds. This study investigated phenolics, flavonoids, phytochemical composition and antioxidant activities of five different varieties of wampee fruit. Phytochemical composition was analysed by HPLC, and the antioxidant activities of wampee fruits were detected by ORAC, DPPH, FRAP and PSC assays. Results showed that the variety of ‘YangShanDuHe (YSDH)’ contained the highest contents of total phenolics and flavonoids, and the highest value of three phytochemical compounds: vanillic acid, ferulic acid and rutin. The sweet wampee variety ‘CongChengTianHuangPi (CCTHP)’ showed the lowest values of total phenolics, flavonoids and antioxidant activities. According to the rank of five different varieties by the values of total phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant activities, YSDH was characterised having the highest antioxidant potential, while the least one was CCTHP. These results may provide health guidance for wampee processing and consuming.