bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Densitometry and indirect normal‐phase HPTLC–ESI–MS for separation and quantitation of drugs and their glucuronide metabolites from plasma
Authors: Bhatt Nejal M. , Chavada Vijay D. , Sanyal Mallika , Shrivastav Pranav S. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe present work describes novel methods using densitometry and indirect or off‐line high performance thin‐layer chromatography–mass spectrometry (HPTLC–MS) for the simultaneous detection and quantification of asenapine, propranolol and telmisartan and their phase II glucuronide metabolites. After chromatographic separation of the drugs and their metabolites the analytes were scraped, extracted in methanol and concentrated prior to mass spectrometric analysis. Different combinations of toluene and methanol–ethanol–n‐butanol–iso‐propanol were tested for analyte separation and the best results were obtained using toluene–methanol–ammonia (6.9:3.0:0.1, v/v/v) as the elution solvent. All of the drug–metabolite pairs were separated with a homologous retardation factor difference of ≥22. The conventional densitometric approach was also studied and the method performances were compared. Both of the approaches were validated following the International Conference on Harmonization guidelines, and applied to spiked human plasma samples. The major advantage of the TLC–MS approach is that it can provide much lower limits of detection (1.98–5.83 pg/band) and limit of quantitation (5.97–17.63 pg/band) with good precision (˂3.0% coefficient of variation) compared with TLC–densitometry. The proposed indirect HPTLC–MS method is simple yet effective and has tremendous potential in the separation and quantitation of drugs and their metabolites from biological samples, especially for clinical studies.
Chromatographic analysis, antimicrobial and insecticidal activities of the essential oil of Phlomis floccosa D. Don.
Authors: El Mokni Ridha , Majdoub Siwar , Chaieb Ikbal , Jlassi Ibrahim , Joshi Rajesh K. , Hammami Saoussen 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe present study was conducted to investigate for the first time the chemical composition and insecticidal and antimicrobial properties of Phlomis floccosa D. Don. essential oil isolated by hydro‐distillation of its aerial parts. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of the essential oil on the basis of gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC/FID and GC/MS) revealed the presence of 59 organic volatiles representing 86.9% of the total constituents. The major compounds were germacrene‐D (19.7%) followed by β‐caryophyllene (15.5%), caryophyllene oxide (8.3%), hexadecenoic acid (7.9%) and carvacrol (6.1%). The broth microdilution method was conducted to test the antimicrobial activity of the essential oil against five pathogens: Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella enterica, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and the yeast Candida albicans. The oil of P. floccosa D. Don. shows promising activity against the Gram‐positive bacteria S. aureus and B. subtilis and the yeast C. albicans (minimum inhibitory concentration = 625 μg.mL−1). The effectiveness of the essential oil was assessed on both Tribolium confusum and Sitophilus zeamais pest insects and it was more pronounced against T. confusum, showing a moderate mortality of 47.5%.
Correlation between muscle mass and handgrip strength in digestive cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy
Authors: Moreau Johanna , Ordan Marie‐Amélie , Barbe Coralie , Mazza Camille , Perrier Marine , Botsen Damien , Brasseur Mathilde , Portefaix Christophe , Renard Yohann , Tallière Barbara , Bertin Eric , Hoeffel Christine , Bouché Olivier 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundFIGHTDIGO study has shown the feasibility of handgrip strength (HGS) measurements in 201 consecutive digestive cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.ObjectiveThis study focuses on a secondary aim of FIGHTDIGO study: the relationship between muscle mass and HGS.DesignTwo consecutive bilateral measures of HGS were performed using a Jamar dynamometer before the start of each chemotherapy. The highest value was chosen for final evaluation. Dynapenia (loss of muscle strength) was defined as HGS < 30 kg (men) and < 20 kg (women). Muscle mass was measured at lumbar level (L3) on Computed Tomography (CT) scans performed less than 3 weeks before or after the measurement of HGS. Muscle mass loss was defined by skeletal muscle index (SMI) < 53 cm2/m2 (in men with a body mass index (BMI)> 25 kg/m2), < 43 cm2/m2 (in men with a BMI < 25 kg/m2), and < 41 cm2/m2 (in women regardless of BMI). Sarcopenia was defined by the association of a dynapenia and a loss of muscle mass.ResultsA total of 150 patients were included in this analysis (mean age: 65.6 ± 10.9 years, 87 males (58%), colorectal cancer (47.3%), metastatic stage (76.7%)). A total of 348 CT scans were evaluated. For the 348 measurements, mean SMI and HGS were 41.8 ± 8.7 cm2/m2 and 32.1 ± 11.0 kg, respectively. Muscle mass loss, dynapenia, or sarcopenia were reported at least once, in 120 (80%), 45 (30%), and 30 (20%) patients, respectively. SMI was significantly correlated with HGS (Pearson coefficient = 0.53, P < 0.0001). At concordance analysis, 188 dyad SMI/HGS (54%) were in agreement (Kappa = 0.14 [95% CI, 0.07‐0.21]).ConclusionCorrelation between the measurements of HGS and SMI is strong but the concordance between dynapenia and muscle mass loss is poor. Further studies should be performed to confirm the diagnostic thresholds, and to study the chronology of dynapenia and loss of muscle mass.
Δ133p53 decreases the chemosensitivity of carcinoma cell line H1299
Authors: Liu Kaishan , Lin Jun 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe research evaluated the effect of Δ133p53 on the chemosensitivity of lung adenocarcinoma cell line H1299. By this study, the drug‐resistant molecular marker and a new target for cancer therapy could be provided. Δ133p53 or negative control plasmid were transferred into H1299 cells by lentivirus vector. The expression of Δ133p53 in transfected cells was examined using immunofluorescence. The 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) method and colony formation test were applied to detect drug sensitivity after cisplatin or 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) treatment. After cisplatin (CDDP)/FU treatment, MTT assay demonstrated that the inhibition rate of H1299/Δ133p53 cell was reduced compared with that of the H1299 and H1299/NEG cells at the same concentration of drug. The 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC
50) of CDDP and 5‐FU rose by 36.1 and 30.2%, respectively (P < 0.05). The colony formation assay suggested that the cell proliferation ability of H1299/Δ133p53 cell was prominently increased when compared with that of control group H1299 and H1299 /NEG cells (P < 0.05). The present study demonstrated that the transfection of the Δ133p53 gene in H1299 cells led to the reduction of chemosensitivity.
Transcatheter aortic valve implantation in severe calcified annulus using the Lotus valve system: Increased incidence of fatal major vascular complications
Authors: Conzelmann Lars Oliver , Würth Alexander , Balthasar Veronika , Neuber Christine , Tzamalis Panagiotis , Gonska Bernd‐Dieter , Schmitt Claus , Mehlhorn Uwe , Schymik Gerhard 
Published: May 2019

AbstractObjectivesThis study reports the outcome of a highly selected transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) population.BackgroundIn patients with aortic valve stenosis and severe calcification of the left ventricular outflow tract and/or the annulus, the Boston Scientific Lotus valve provided a low paravalvular leakage rate omitting the risk of annular rupture.MethodsUntil now more than 3,600 TAVI procedures were performed at our institution. Between 8/2015 and 2/2017, 634 TAVI procedures were performed, of which 80 TAVI patients with severe calcifications consecutively received the Lotus valve. Valve Academic Research Consortium (VARC)‐2 criteria of these procedures were prospectively documented in our institutional TAVI registry. One year follow‐up for the Lotus treated patients was completed.ResultsMean age was 82.0 ± 5.5 years. Device success was 95.0%. Conversion was required in two cases (2.5%). New permanent pacemaker implantation rate was 33.3%. Vascular complications occurred more frequent in comparison to non‐Lotus treated patients (13.8 vs. 8.1%; p < .05): five minor and six major vascular complications (6.3 and 7.5%), including four fatal aortic injuries (three acute aortic dissections type A, one rupture of the aortic arch). Seventy‐two‐hour and 30‐day mortality rates were also higher in Lotus patients (6.3 and 12.5% vs. 0.3 and 2.5%; each p < .05). One‐year mortality in Lotus patients was 22.5%.ConclusionsIn TAVI procedures with the Lotus valve occurrence of vascular complications including lethal aortic injuries and mortality rates were considerably high. Furthermore, in every TAVI procedure careful examination of the aorta should be mandatory and be a part of planning it.
Radial artery access is under‐utilized in women undergoing PCI despite potential benefits: Mayo Clinic PCI Registry
Authors: Chester Rebecca C. , Mina Syeda A. , Lewis Bradley , Zhang Nan , Butterfield Richard , Yang Eric H. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundWomen may benefit from radial artery access (RAA) for percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) due to a higher risk of bleeding compared to men; however, RAA may be underutilized in women. We sought to determine the frequency and predictors of RAA use in patients undergoing PCI.MethodsWe studied 21,123 (29.0% female) participants in the Mayo Clinic PCI Registry from January 1, 2006–December 31, 2016. Data were analyzed as a cohort and by time tertiles. Frequency of RAA versus femoral access and bleeding events were recorded. Logistic regression was used to identify predictors of RAA.ResultsIn the overall cohort, women compared to men were older (69.6 ± 12.6 vs. 65.6 ± 11.9; p < .001), more likely to present with acute coronary syndrome (82.0% in women vs. 80.0% in men; p = .0008) and had more comorbidities. RAA increased from tertile one (3.5% for women vs. 4.0% for men; p = .3) through tertile three (46.8% for women vs. 50.3% for men; p = .01), but remained lower in women. In multivariable analysis, female sex is associated with 22% less RAA use (OR 0.78, 95% CI 0.72–0.84; p < .0001). Women compared to men experienced more bleeding (6.3 vs. 3.0%; p < .0001) but bleeding was less likely in RAA (OR 0.45, 95% CI 0.36–0.56; p < .0001).ConclusionWomen undergoing PCI are less likely to receive RAA compared to men despite having a higher risk of bleeding. This trend persists despite increase in RAA use. Given the potential benefit of RAA in women, sex should be considered in patient selection for RAA.
Insights into the Photoassisted Electrocatalytic Reduction of CO2 over a Two‐dimensional MoS2 Nanostructure Loaded on SnO2 Nanoparticles
Authors: Hu Xueyan , Yang Huimin , Gao Mengting , Tian Haoyang , Li Yupeng , Liang Zhenhai , Jian Xuan 
Published: May 2019

AbstractPhotoelectrochemical reduction of CO2 to value‐added chemicals and fuels is an attractive strategy to store renewable energy and mitigate greenhouse gas emissions. In this study, based on the density functional theory (DFT) calculation, a two‐dimensional nanostructure MoS2 loaded on SnO2 nanoparticles (MS/SON) was prepared for photoassisted electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 to HCOOH through a two‐step process of facile hydrothermal and pyrolysis method. Through physical structure characterization and photoelectric performance test, the results indicated that the 5 % MS/SON exhibits exclusive HCOOH selectivity, the maximum FE is 43.8 %, the current density reached to 9 mA cm−2 at −1.4 V and the photocurrent value is 12.5 μA cm−2 under 0.5 V bias. The overpotential is as low as 245 mV. Besides, after the introduction of MoS2, there is a red shift in the adsorption band edge from 380 nm to 500 nm, indicating an enhancement of light response; the peak intensity of photoluminescence (PL) decreased, showing that the electron and hole are effectively separated; the values of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and Tafel plots (70 mV dec−1) were smaller than other ratios, demonstrating that the faster charge transfer rate; the proper introduction of MoS2 increased the specific surface area from 47.64 m2 g−1 to 55.99 m2 g−1, which was helpful to expand the number of active sites. It is demonstrated that MS/SON is an excellent CO2 reduction material.
Fluorination of Li‐Rich Lithium‐Ion‐Battery Cathode Materials by Fluorine Gas: Chemistry, Characterization, and Electrochemical Performance in Half Cells
Authors: Breddemann Ulf , Erickson Evan M. , Davis Victoria , Schipper Florian , Ellwanger Mathias , Daub Michael , Hoffmann Anke , Erk Christoph , Markovsky Boris , Aurbach Doron , Krossing Ingo 
Published: May 2019

AbstractMild fluorination of high‐energy nickel‐cobalt‐manganese (HE‐NCM) materials with low pressures of elementary fluorine gas (F2) at room temperature was systematically studied. The fluorinated HE‐NCM samples were analysed by ion chromatography, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, FT‐IR spectroscopy, powder X‐ray diffraction, magic angle spinning NMR spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, thermo‐gravimetric analysis, differential thermal analysis, electrochemical testing, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The treatment of the cathode materials with low pressures (a few hundred mbar) of elementary fluorine gas at room temperature led to the elimination of the basic surface film (LiOH, Li2CO3, Li2O, etc.), and the resulting thin amorphous LiF film led to increased capacity and long‐term stability of the battery. Impedance built‐up was greatly reduced for these systems throughout cycling. Fluorination with F2 only causes the formation of O−Me−F bonds (Me=Transition Metal), when treated with F2 at higher pressures. If O−Me−F bonds are formed, it may be detrimental to the electrode surface film resistance and cycle stability of the electrodes. However, it may be that the LiF surface content, which can expand as long as the LiMeO2 structure can be oxidized and Li+ can be extracted, has become too large and thus detrimental. Considering the evolution of differential capacity plots and taking into account the thermodynamic driving force of the F2 treatment, it is likely that the same activation processes that occur electrochemically in Li‐rich materials also occur chemically, when the material is exposed to F2. Differential capacity plots show enhanced Mn4+ reduction peaks upon lithiation, when the material was exposed to F2, only possible after activation of the Li2MnO3 phase. For this reason, we believe fluorination promotes to some extent an activation of this phase.
Geographic distribution ranges of terrestrial mammal species in the 1970s
Authors: Pacifici Michela , Cristiano Andrea , Burbidge Andrew A. , Woinarski John C. Z. , Di Marco Moreno , Rondinini Carlo 
Published: May 2019

AbstractHere we provide geographic distribution ranges for 205 species of terrestrial non‐volant mammals in the 1970s. We selected terrestrial non‐volant mammals because they are among the most studied groups, have greater availability of historical distribution data for the 1970s decade, and also show the largest range contractions compared to other taxonomic groups. Species belong to 52 families and 16 orders. Range maps were extracted from scientific literature including published papers, books, and action plans. For Australian species, due to the absence of published maps, we collated occurrence data from individual data sets (maintained by museums and government agencies) and converted these into polygonal range maps. Taxonomic and geographic biases towards more studied (charismatic) species are inevitably present. Among the most abundant orders, the highest percentage representation is for Carnivora (55 species, corresponding to 21% of species in the order), Cetartiodactyla (24 species, 10% of the order), and Perissodactyla (six species, 38% of the order). In contrast, the percentage representation is low for Rodentia (66 species, 3% of species in the order), Primates (19 species, 4%), and Eulipotyphla (6 species, 1%). The proportional representation of less speciose orders is highly variable. The data set offers the opportunity to measure the recent (1970–2019) change in the distribution of terrestrial mammal species, and test ecological and biogeographical hypotheses about such change. It also allows us to identify areas where changes in species distribution were largest. No copyright or proprietary restrictions are associated with the use of this data set other than citation of this Data Paper.
Causes and consequences of cardiac fibrosis in patients referred for surgical aortic valve replacement
Authors: Galat Arnault , Guellich Aziz , Bodez Diane , Lipskaia Larissa , Moutereau Stéphane , Bergoend Eric , Hüe Sophie , Ternacle Julien , Mohty Dania , Monin Jean‐Luc , Derumeaux Geneviève , Radu Costin , Damy Thibaud 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAimsCardiac fibrosis is associated with left ventricular (LV) remodelling and contractile dysfunction in aortic stenosis (AS). The fibrotic process in this condition is still unclear. The aim of this study was to determine the role of both local and systemic inflammation as underlying mechanisms of LV fibrosis and contractile dysfunction. The diagnostic values of 2D‐strain echocardiography and serum biomarkers in the evaluation of cardiac fibrosis in this condition were assessed through correlation analyses.Methods and resultsPatients with AS referred for surgical valve replacement were prospectively and consecutively included. They all had a comprehensive echocardiography including 2D strain. Blood samples were collected to measure cytokines and inflammatory biomarkers using Luminex bead‐based assays. A per‐surgical myocardial biopsy of the basal antero‐septal segment (S1) was performed. Serial sections of each biopsy were stained with Sirius red. Digital image analysis was used to quantify fibrosis. Immunostainings using specific antibodies against macrophage, glycoprotein (gp) 130, and interleukin 6 (IL‐6) were also performed. Patients were divided into tertiles reflecting the severity of fibrosis: mild, moderate, and severe load (TF1 to TF3). The mean age of the 58 included patients was 73 ± 11 years. Twenty‐four (43%) were in New York Heart Association III–IV. Mean aortic valve area was 0.8 ± 0.2 cm2. Mean aortic stenosis peak velocity and mean gradient were respectively 4.5 ± 0.8 m/s and 54 ± 15 mmHg. The mean LV ejection fraction was 54 ± 12%, and the global LV longitudinal strain was −15 ± 4%. The mean S1 strain, corresponding to the biopsied region, was −10 ± 6% and was strongly correlated to fibrosis load (R = 0.83, P < 0.0001). TF3 was associated with higher mortality (P = 0.009), higher serum C‐reactive protein and IL‐6, and lower gp130 compared with the other tertiles (P < 0.05). IL‐6 and gp130 were expressed in the heart and respectively in the plasma membrane of macrophages and in the cytoplasm of both macrophages and cardiomyocytes. During follow‐up, three patients died and were all in the third fibrosis tertile.ConclusionsWe found a positive correlation between elevated inflammatory markers and degree of fibrosis load. These two parameters were associated with worse outcomes in patients with severe AS. Our results may be of interest especially in patients for whom a transcatheter aortic valve implantation is indicated and myocardial biopsy is not possible. Strategies aiming at preventing inflammation might be considered to decrease or limit the progression of cardiac fibrosis in patients followed for AS.
A Sandwich‐type Electrochemiluminescence Aptasensor for Thrombin Based on Functional Co‐polymer Electrode Using Ru(bpy)32+ Doped Nanocomposites as Signal‐amplifying Tags
Authors: Shan Yanqun , Jin Xin , Gong Miao , Lv Liangrui , Li Linyu , Jiang Meng , Wang Xiaoying , Xu Jun 
Published: May 2019

AbstractHerein, a signal‐on sandwich‐type electrochemiluminescence (ECL) aptasensor for the detection of thrombin (TB) was proposed. The graphene (GR) doped thionine (TH) was electropolymerized synchronously on the bare glassy carbon electrode (GCE) to form co‐polymer (PTG) electrode. The gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were decorated on the surface of the PTG by in‐situ electrodeposition, and the functional co‐polymer (PTG‐AuNPs) electrode was utilized as sensing interface. Then, TB binding aptamer I (TBA I) as capture probes were modified on the PTG‐AuNPs electrode to capture TB, and Ru(bpy)32+/silver nanoparticles doped silica core‐shell nanocomposites‐labeled TB binding aptamer II (RuAg/SiO2NPs@TBA II) were used as signal probes to further bind TB, resulting in a sandwich structure. With the assistant of silica shell and AgNPs, the enrichment and luminous efficiency of Ru(bpy)32+ were significantly improved. Under the synergy of PTG‐AuNPs and RuAg/SiO2NPs, the ECL signal was dramatically increased. The proposed ECL aptasensor displayed a wide linear range from 2 fM to 2 pM with the detection limit of 1 fM, which is comparable or better than that in reported ECL aptasensors for TB using Ru(bpy)32+ and its derivatives as the luminescent substance. The excellent sensitivity makes the proposed aptasensor a promising potential in pharmaceutical and clinical analysis.
A model for Antarctic surface mass balance and ice core site selection
Authors: White Philip A. , Reese C. Shane , Christensen William F. , Rupper Summer 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIn this study, we develop a model for Antarctic surface mass balance (SMB), which allows us to assess regional and global uncertainty in SMB estimation and carry out a model‐based design to propose new measurement sites. For this analysis, we use a quality‐controlled aggregate data set of SMB field measurements with significantly more observations than previous analyses; however, many of the measurements in this data set lack quality ratings. In addition, these data demonstrate spatial autocorrelation, heteroscedasticity, and non‐Gaussianity. To account for these data attributes, we pose a Bayesian Gaussian process generalized linear model for SMB. To address missing reliability ratings, we use a mixture model with different variances to add robustness to our model. In addition, we present a novel approach for modeling the variance as a function of the mean to account for the heteroscedasticity in the data. Using this model, we predict Antarctic SMB and compare our estimates with previous estimates. In addition, we create prediction maps with uncertainty to visualize spatial patterns in SMB and to identify regions of high SMB uncertainty. Our model estimates the total SMB to be 2,156 Gton/yr over the range of our data, with 95% credible interval (2,081, 2,234) Gton/yr. Overall, our results suggest lower Antarctic SMB than previously reported. This lower SMB estimate may be indicative of a more dire diagnosis of the long‐term health of the Antarctic ice sheets. Lastly, we use our model to propose 25 new measurement sites for the field study utilizing a sequential design, minimizing the integrated mean squared error.