bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TCR α+β+/CD19+ cell–depleted hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for pediatric patients
Authors: Mitchell Richard , Cole Theresa , Shaw Peter J. , Mechinaud Francoise , O'Brien Tracey , Fraser Chris 
Published: July 2019

AbstractTCR α+β+/CD19+ cell depletion is an emerging technique for ex vivo graft manipulation in HSCT. We report 20 pediatric patients who underwent TCR α+β+/CD19+ cell–depleted HSCT in four Australian centers. Conditioning regimen was dependent on HSCT indication, which included immunodeficiency (n = 14), Fanconi anemia (n = 3), and acute leukemia (n = 3). Donor sources were haploidentical parent (n = 17), haploidentical sibling (n = 2), or matched unrelated donor (n = 1). Mean cell dose was 8.2 × 108/kg TNC, 12.1 × 106/kg CD34+ cells, and 0.4 × 105/kg TCR α+β+ cells. All patients achieved primary neutrophil and platelet engraftment, with average time to neutrophil engraftment 11 days (range 8‐22) and platelet engraftment 24 days (range 12‐69). TRM at 1 year was 15%. Rate of grade II‐IV aGVHD at 1 year was 20% with no grade III‐IV aGVHD seen. CMV reactivation occurred in 81% of CMV‐positive recipients, with one patient developing CMV disease. Average time to CD4 recovery (>400 × 106/L) was 258 days. Overall survival for the cohort at 5 years was 80%. This report highlights the initial experience of TCR α+β+/CD19+ cell–depleted HSCT in Australian centers, with high rates of engraftment, low rates of aGVHD, and acceptable TRM.
Serum high‐mobility group box 1 is associated with the onset and severity of acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Yamaguchi Kakuhiro , Iwamoto Hiroshi , Sakamoto Shinjiro , Horimasu Yasushi , Masuda Takeshi , Miyamoto Shintaro , Nakashima Taku , Ohshimo Shinichiro , Fujitaka Kazunori , Hamada Hironobu , Hattori Noboru 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTBackground and objectiveHigh‐mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a known mediator of acute lung injury through the acceleration of pro‐inflammatory –signalling. Previous studies showed that HMGB1 is increased in the lung and circulation of patients with acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (AE‐IPF). This study investigated the predictive value of circulatory HMGB1 for disease progression and prognosis of IPF in the stable phase and AE phase.MethodsIn total, 76 patients with stable IPF, 17 patients with AE‐IPF, 37 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and 74 healthy controls were included. Serum HMGB1 levels were compared among the four groups and the associations of HMGB1 levels with the onset of AE and prognosis were evaluated in patients with stable IPF. The prognostic value of HMGB1 was determined in AE‐IPF.ResultsSerum HMGB1 levels in patients with stable IPF were significantly higher than those in healthy controls, and in patients with AE‐IPF they were even higher than the levels in either of these groups (6.26 ± 5.27, 3.42 ± 2.69 and 19.20 ± 16.76 ng/mL, respectively). There was no significant difference in serum HMGB1 levels between stable IPF patients and COPD patients. Higher levels of HMGB1 were associated with earlier onset of AE in stable IPF patients and with shorter survival in AE‐IPF patients (P = 0.030 and 0.001, respectively).ConclusionHigher levels of serum HMGB1 predict earlier onset of AE in stable IPF patients and shorter survival in AE‐IPF patients, indicating that HMGB1 is associated with acute deterioration of the disease.
Personalized exercise training in chronic lung diseases
Authors: Armstrong Matthew , Vogiatzis Ioannis 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTChronic respiratory diseases (CRD) are characterized by exertional dyspnoea, exercise limitation and reduced health‐related quality of life (QoL). Exercise training is essential for improving symptoms, physical function and QoL. Current research available supports the effectiveness of exercise training in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cystic fibrosis and interstitial lung disease (ILD). However, recent studies have also shown safety and effectiveness of exercise training in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and asthma. Despite the lack of clinical guidelines for exercise training in PAH, a recent Cochrane review has reported improvements in functional capacity and effective reductions in mean pulmonary arterial pressure. In the other CRD, a number of Cochrane reviews, supported by numerous randomized controlled trials, have been published outlining the benefits of different types of exercise training. The aim of this review is to establish the principles and modalities of personalized exercise training and the effects of exercise training across a number of CRD. In addition, this review provides information on personalized exercise prescription for CRD patients with co‐morbidities.
The Effects of Regulations on Private School Choice Program Participation: Experimental Evidence from Florida
Authors: DeAngelis Corey A. , Burke Lindsey M. , Wolf Patrick J. 
Published: July 2019

ObjectiveThis is the first experimental evaluation of the effects of various regulations on the willingness of private school leaders to participate in a hypothetical school voucher program.MethodsWe use surveys to randomly assign different regulations to 2,958 private school leaders in Florida and ask them whether they would participate in a new private school choice program during the following school year.ResultsWe received responses from 327 private school leaders. Relative to no additional regulations, our most conservative models find that open‐enrollment mandates reduce the likelihood that private schools are certain to participate by 17 percentage points or 70 percent. State standardized testing requirements reduce the likelihood that private schools are certain to participate by 12 percentage points or 46 percent. We find no evidence to suggest that the prohibition of copayment affects participation overall. We find limited evidence to suggest that regulations are more likely to deter higher‐quality schools.as measured by tuition levels and enrollment trends.ConclusionThese results suggest that various regulations of private school choice programs come with costs and perhaps unintended consequences.
A reliable traffic prediction approach for bike‐sharing system by exploiting rich information with temporal link prediction strategy
Authors: Zhou Yan , Li Yanxi , Zhu Qing , Chen Fen , Shao Junming , Luo Yunxin , Zhang Yeting , Zhang Pengcheng , Yang Weijun 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBike‐sharing systems have been widely used in major cities across the world. As bike borrowing and return at different stations in different periods are not balanced, the bikes in a bike‐sharing system need to be redistributed frequently to rebalance the system. Therefore, traffic flow forecasting of the bike‐sharing system is an important issue, as this is conducive to achieving rebalancing of the bike system. In this article, we present a new traffic flow prediction approach based on the temporal links in dynamic traffic flow networks. A station clustering algorithm is first introduced to cluster stations into groups. A temporal link prediction method based on the dynamic traffic flow network method (STW+M) is then proposed to predict the traffic flow between stations. In our method, the non‐negative tensor decomposition and time‐series analysis model capture the rich information (temporal variabilities, spatial characteristics, and weather information) of the across‐clusters transition. Then, a temporal link prediction strategy is used to forecast potential links and weights in the traffic flow network by investigating both the network structure and the results of tensor computations. In order to assess the methods proposed in this article, we have used the data of bike‐sharing systems in New York and Washington, DC to conduct bike traffic prediction and the experimental results have shown that our method produces the lowest root mean square error (RMSE) and mean square error (MSE). Compared to four prediction methods from the literature, our RMSE and MSE of the two datasets have been lowered by an average of 2.55 (Washington, DC) and 2.41 (New York) and 3.35 (Washington, DC) and 2.96 (New York), respectively. The results show that the proposed approach improves predictions of traffic flow.
Improving the vaccination status of liver transplant patients: Effectiveness of personally addressing patients and written recommendations to family physicians after 3 years
Authors: Dehnen Dorothea , Herwig Anna , Herzer Kerstin , Weltermann Birgitta 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundAfter documenting insufficient vaccinations in 444 liver transplant (LT) patients, we investigated the effects of a combined strategy (addressing both patients and primary care physicians) on immunization prevalences after a 3‐year follow‐up.MethodsThe primary care physicians of all adult LT patients from a university center received a written recommendation addressing immunization needs. Patients were asked for their vaccination documents by phone. Changes in immunization rates for vaccine‐preventable diseases after the intervention were calculated based on patients’ immunization documents from 2014‐2016.ResultsThe study cohort consisted of 401 patients. Prevalence rates for all vaccinations improved during the intervention period compared to the baseline study: tetanus from 88.3% to 92.8%, diphtheria from 80.0% to 89.0%, hepatitis A from 50.1% to 60.8%, hepatitis B from 66.3% to 77.1%, and pneumococci from 62.8% to 76.3%. The influenza vaccination rate improved, but remained at a low level before (2010:13%, 2011:11.5%, 2012:19%) and during the intervention (2014:27.4%, 2015:24.4%, 2016:23.2%). Despite these vaccinations, the prevalence rates of the quality indicators standard vaccinations completed (2013:17.2%; 2016:21.2%), indicated vaccinations completed (2013:2.7%, 2016:4.5%), and all vaccinations completed (2013:1%; 2016 1.5%) improved only slightly.ConclusionsOur results demonstrated that intensified communication by written information to the primary care physician and phone calls to the patients improved the number of vaccinations. Nonetheless, a potential for further improvement persists, especially with regard to annual influenza vaccinations.
Evaluation of suture reinforcement for stapled intestinal anastomoses: 77 dogs (2008‐2018)
Authors: Sumner Scarlett M. , Regier Penny J. , Case J. Brad , Ellison Gary W. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the influence of oversewing a transverse staple line in functional end‐to‐end stapled intestinal anastomoses (FEESA) in dogs.Study designRetrospective observational study.Sample populationSeventy‐seven client‐owned dogs that underwent 78 FEESA reinforced (n = 30) or not reinforced (n = 48) with suture at the transverse staple line.MethodsThe medical records database was searched and reviewed for dogs that had undergone a FEESA between January 2008 and September 2018. Data were collected regarding signalment, body weight, clinical presentation, indication for surgery, serum albumin, presence of septic peritonitis, previous surgeries, surgical techniques (ie, oversew, crotch suture, omental wrap, omental patch, serosal patch), histopathology results, and postoperative outcome.ResultsThe only differences identified between groups consisted of higher preoperative albumin (2.89 ± 0.56 vs 2.34 ± 0.62 g/dL; P = .006) and lower postoperative dehiscence rate (0/30 vs 7/48; P = .028) in dogs with an oversewn FEESA. Oversewing the FEESA was identified as the significant factor in a model with oversewing and preoperative albumin fit to the outcome of dehiscence (oversew P = .010, albumin P = .761). The location of the dehiscence was specified in four of seven dogs, all along the transverse staple line. Patterns used for oversew were unspecified (n = 11), simple continuous (8), Cushing (4), simple interrupted (2), cruciate (1), interrupted horizontal mattress (1), and Lembert (1).ConclusionOversewing the transverse staple line in FEESA was associated with a reduced occurrence of postoperative dehiscence.Clinical significanceOur results provide evidence to support additional investigation of suture reinforcement (oversewing) at the transverse staple line of FEESA to reduce postoperative dehiscence.
Effects of selective cutting and timing of herbicide application on growth and development of Cirsium arvense in spring barley
Authors: Tavaziva V J , Lundkvist A , Verwijst T 
Published: July 2019

SummaryRecently, a new implement for controlling weeds in cereals (CombCut) has been developed. It cuts weeds in growing cereals without damaging them by using the physical differences (in height, stem thickness, straw stiffness and branching pattern) between crops and weeds. To evaluate and compare the effects of selective cutting with different timings of herbicide application on Cirsium arvense in spring barley, a randomised block experiment was conducted in Sweden in 2015–2017, in a field with a naturally occurring C. arvense population. Treatments consisted of control (C), herbicide application at 4–5‐leaf stage of C. arvense (H1), herbicide application at 8–10‐leaf stage (H2) and selective cutting at 10‐leaf stage (S). The treatments were performed in 2015 and repeated in 2016 in the same plots, and a final evaluation was performed in 2017. Compared to the control, S, H1 and H2 were equally efficient in reducing above‐ground biomass production of C. arvense and increasing spring barley grain yield per unit area. The number of C. arvense shoots per area was, however, higher in S compared to H1 and H2. No differences in control effects on shoot number were observed between H1 and H2. Our study indicates that (i) selective cutting (S) reduces C. arvense equally efficient as herbicide application and (ii) early herbicide spraying is as efficient as spraying later in the season.
Child Health CheckPoint: cohort summary and methodology of a physical health and biospecimen module for the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children
Authors: Clifford Susan A , Davies Sarah , Wake Melissa 
Published: July 2019

Objectives‘Growing Up in Australia: The Longitudinal Study of Australian Children’ (LSAC) is Australia's only nationally representative children’s longitudinal study, focusing on social, economic, physical and cultural impacts on health, learning, social and cognitive development. LSAC's first decade collected wide-ranging repeated psychosocial and administrative data; here, we describe the Child Health CheckPoint, LSAC’s dedicated biophysical module.Design, setting and participantsLSAC recruited a cross-sequential sample of 5107 infants aged 0–1 year and a sample of 4983 children aged 4–5 years in 2004, since completing seven biennial visits. CheckPoint was a cross-sectional wave that travelled Australia in 2015–2016 to reach LSAC’s younger cohort at ages 11–12 years between LSAC waves 6 and 7. Parent–child pairs participated in comprehensive assessments at 15 Assessment Centres nationwide or, if unable to attend, a shorter home visit.MeasuresCheckPoint’s intergenerational, multidimensional measures were prioritised to show meaningful variation within normal ranges and capture non-communicable disease (NCD) phenotype precursors. These included anthropometry, physical activity, fitness, time use, vision, hearing, and cardiovascular, respiratory and bone health. Biospecimens included blood, saliva, buccal swabs (also from second parent), urine, hair and toenails. The epidemiology and parent–child concordance of many measures are described in separate papers.Results1874 (54% of eligible) parent–child pairs and 1051 second parents participated. Participants' geographical distribution mirrored the broader Australian population; however, mean socioeconomic position and parental education were higher and fewer reported non-English-speaking or Indigenous backgrounds. Application of survey weights partially mitigates that the achieved sample is less population representative than previous waves of LSAC due to non-random attrition. Completeness was uniformly high for phenotypic data (>92% of eligible), biospecimens (74%–97%) and consent (genetic analyses 98%, accessing neonatal blood spots 97%, sharing 96%).ConclusionsCheckPoint enriches LSAC to study how NCDs develop at the molecular and phenotypic levels before overt disease emerges, and clarify the underlying dimensionality of health in childhood and mid-adulthood.
Telomere length: population epidemiology and concordance in Australian children aged 11–12 years and their parents
Authors: Nguyen Minh Thien , Lycett Kate , Vryer Regan , Burgner David P , Ranganathan Sarath , Grobler Anneke C , Wake Melissa , Saffery Richard 
Published: July 2019

ObjectivesTo (1) describe the epidemiology of child and adult telomere length, and (2) investigate parent–child telomere length concordance.DesignPopulation-based cross-sectional study within the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children.SettingAssessment centres in seven major Australian cities and eight selected regional towns; February 2015 to March 2016.ParticipantsOf 1874 participating families, telomere data were available for analysis for 1206 children and 1343 parents, of whom 1143 were parent–child pairs. There were 589 boys and 617 girls; 175 fathers and 1168 mothers.Outcome measuresRelative telomere length (T/S ratio), calculated by comparing telomeric DNA (T) level with the single copy (S) beta-globin gene in venous blood-derived genomic DNA by quantitative real-time PCR.ResultsMean T/S ratio for all children, boys and girls was 1.09 (SD 0.56), 1.05 (SD 0.53) and 1.13 (SD 0.59), respectively. Mean T/S ratio for all parents, fathers and mothers was 0.81 (SD 0.37), 0.82 (SD 0.36) and 0.81 (SD 0.38), respectively. Parent–child T/S ratio concordance was moderate (correlation 0.24). In adjusted regression models, one unit higher parent T/S ratio was associated with 0.36 (estimated linear regression coefficient (β); 95% CI 0.28 to 0.45) higher child T/S ratio. Concordance was higher in the youngest parent-age tertile (β 0.49; 95% CI 0.34 to 0.64) compared with the middle (β 0.35; 95% CI 0.21 to 0.48) and oldest tertile (β 0.26; 95% CI 0.11 to 0.41; p-trend 0.04). Father–child concordance was 0.34 (95% CI 0.18 to 0.48), while mother–child was 0.22 (95% CI 0.17 to 0.28).ConclusionsWe provide telomere length population values for children aged 11–12 years and their mid-life parents. Relative telomere length was shorter in adults than children, as expected. There was modest evidence of parent–child concordance, which diminished with increasing parent age.
Physical activity and sedentary activity: population epidemiology and concordance in Australian children aged 11–12 years and their parents
Authors: Fraysse François , Grobler Anneke C , Muller Josh , Wake Melissa , Olds Timothy 
Published: July 2019

ObjectivesTo describe the epidemiology and parent–child concordance of objectively measured physical activity in a population-based sample of Australian parent–child dyads.DesignCross-sectional study (Child Health CheckPoint) nested within the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children.SettingAssessment centres in seven Australian cities and eight regional towns or home visits; February 2015–March 2016.ParticipantsOf all CheckPoint families (n=1874), 1261 children (50% girls) and 1358 parent (88% mothers) provided objectively measured activity data, comprising 1077 parent–child dyads.Outcome measuresActivity behaviour was assessed by GENEActiv accelerometer. Duration of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and vigorous physical activity and sedentary behaviour (SB) were derived usingCobracustom software, along with MVPA/SB fragmentation and mean daily activity. Pearson’s correlation coefficients and linear regression estimated parent–child concordance. Survey weights and methods accounted for the complex sample design and clustering.ResultsAlthough parents had average lower accelerometry counts than children (mean [SD] 209 [46] vs 284 [71] g.min), 93% of parents met MVPA daily duration guidelines on published cutpoints (mean [SD] 125 [63] min/day MVPA), compared with only 15% of children (mean 32 [27] min). Parents showed less daily SB duration (parents: 540 [101], children: 681 [69] minutes) and less fragmented accumulation of MVPA (parents: α=1.85, children: α=2.00). Parent–child correlation coefficients were 0.16 (95% CI 0.11 to 0.22) for MVPA duration, 0.10 (95% CI 0.04 to 0.16) for MVPA fragmentation, 0.16 (95% CI 0.11 to 0.22) for SB duration and 0.18 (95% CI 0.12 to 0.23) for SB fragmentation.ConclusionsStandardised cutpoints are needed for objective activity measures to inform activity guidelines across the lifecourse. This may reflect large amounts of time in non-shared environments (school and work).
Lung function: population epidemiology and concordance in Australian children aged 11–12 years and their parents
Authors: Welsh Liam , Kathriachchige Gayan , Raheem Tahmeed , Grobler Anneke C , Wake Melissa , Ranganathan Sarath 
Published: July 2019

ObjectivesTo describe the epidemiology of lung function in Australian children aged 11–12 years and their parents, and explore the degree of intergenerational concordance.DesignCross-sectional study (the Child Health CheckPoint) nested in the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (LSAC).SettingAssessment centres in seven Australian cities and eight regional towns, February 2015 to March 2016. Families unable to attend a clinic appointment were offered a home visit during the same period.Participants1874 families (53% of all eligible) participated in the study. Lung function data were available for 1759 children aged 11–12 years and 1774 parents (1668 biological pairs).Outcome measuresParticipants completed spirometry with measures including forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC) and mid expiratory flow (MEF), converted to z-scores using Global Lung Initiative equations. Parent–child concordance was assessed using Pearson’s correlation coefficients and multivariable linear regression models. Survey weights and methods accounted for LSAC’s complex sampling, stratification and clustering within postcodes.ResultsAll lung function measures followed approximately normal distributions. Mean (SD) for FEV1, FVC and MEF z-scores in children were 0.33 (1.07), 0.83 (1.14) and −0.48 (1.09), respectively. Mean (SD) in parents were 0.28 (1.10), 0.85 (1.15) and −0.45 (1.10), respectively. Parent FEV1, FVC and MEF were associated with child lung function with significant positive correlation coefficients (0.22, 95% CI 0.17 to 0.26; 0.24, 95% CI 0.20 to 0.29; and 0.24, 95% CI 0.20 to 0.29, respectively).ConclusionsMean lung volumes were larger but with smaller airway size than international standards for both parents and children in this population sample. Modest associations between parent and child lung function highlight the potential for better identification of ‘at risk’ populations. Therefore, these findings may aid the development of health policy that aims to prevent the onset or limit the progression of lung disease.