bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inventory Management, Product Quality, and Cross‑Country Income Differences
Authors: Blum Bernardo S. , Claro Sebastian , Dasgupta Kunal , Horstmann Ignatius J. 
Published: January 2019

Previous research has documented that export shipments are “lumpy”— exporters make infrequent and relatively large shipments to any given export destination. This fact has been interpreted as implying that fixed, per shipment cost and inventory management decisions play a key role in international trade. We document here that exports from poor countries are considerably more lumpy—have higher fixed per shipment cost— than those from rich countries. Using a model of trade with inventory management, we estimate that the country at the ninetieth percentile of the distribution of per shipment costs has almost three times higher costs than the one at the tenth percentile. We show that these per shipment cost differences have a reduced-form representation given by an ad valorem trade cost that varies with export country income (as in Waugh 2010 ). A calibrated version of the model that incorporates these estimates and allows for endogenous product quality reveals that cross-country differences in per shipment costs explain almost 40 percent of the observed cross-country differences in income. It also shows that policies that lower per shipment costs can lead to significant welfare gains, mainly due to induced quality upgrading. (JEL F12, F14, F43, G31, O16, O19)
Impaired renal function in a rural Ugandan population cohort
Authors: Kalyesubula Robert , Hau Jeffrey P. , Asiki Gershim , Ssebunya Billy , Kusemererwa Sylvia , Seeley Janet , Smeeth Liam , Tomlinson Laurie A. , Newton Robert 
Published: January 2019

Background: Kidney disease is an important cause of morbidity and mortality globally. However, there are limited data on the prevalence of impaired kidney function in sub-Saharan Africa. We aimed to determine the prevalence of reduced kidney function and associated factors in a rural Ugandan population. Methods: We undertook a study of a representative sample of the General Population Cohort in South-western Uganda. We systematically collected data on cardiovascular disease risk factors, anthropometric measurements and blood tests including haemoglobin, HIV, HbA1c and serum creatinine. The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated using the CKD-Epi formula, without the race component of the equation. Results: A total of 5,979/6,397 (93.5%) participants had valid creatinine results. The mean age was 39 years (Range: 16-103 years) and 3,627 (60.7%) were female. HIV prevalence was 9.7% and about 40% of the population were pre-hypertensive or hypertensive. The mean serum creatinine level was 0.75 mg/dl (95% CI 0.74–0.75), and the average eGFR was 109.3 ml/min/1.73 m2 (95% CI 108.8–109.9). The overall prevalence of eGFR <60 ml/min/1.73 m2 was 1.64% (98/5,979) (95% CI 1.34–1.99). Additionally, 4,792 (80.2%) were classified as normal eGFR (≥90 ml/min/1.73 m2), 1,089 (18.2%) as low eGFR (60–89 ml/min/1.73 m2), 91 (1.52%) as moderately reduced eGFR (30–59 ml/min/1.73 m2), 4 (0.07%) as severely reduced eGFR (15-29 ml/min/1.73 m2), and 3 (0.05%) classified as having kidney failure (eGFR <15 ml/min/1.73 m2). When age-standardised to the WHO Standard Population the prevalence of eGFR<60 ml/min/1.73 m2 was 1.79%. Age above 35 years and the presence of hypertension (OR 2.86, 95% CI 1.15-7.08) and anaemia (OR 2.14, 95% CI 1.12-4.09) were associated with eGFR<60 ml/min/1.73 m2. Conclusion: In a systematic survey of people in rural Uganda, we found a substantial proportion had eGFR<60 ml/min/1.73 m2, and this was strongly associated with high blood pressure and anaemia.
How is Fear Constructed? A Narrative Approach to Social Dread in Literature
Authors: Jets Kairi 
Published: January 2019

Fear-inducing narratives can be divided into two subtypes of horror and dread. While horror stories concentrate on a concrete visible object such as a monster, in dread narratives the object of fear is abstract or absent altogether. Pure forms of either are rare and most narratives mix both types, usually with dominant in one or the other. An interesting subtype of dread narratives is the narrative of social dread, where the fear is social in nature.
One of the few narratologists to study construction of fear in arts, Yvonne Leffler suggests a variety of narrative techniques often used in horror fiction. Adjusting Leffler’s list of techniques for tales of dread instead of horror helps analysing the nature and amount of dread present in a range of different narratives from light reading and literary fiction to non-fiction. A narrative approach helps to reveal how non-fiction texts use similar techniques, and sometimes more extensively than fictional texts. Lionel Shriver’s We Need to Talk About Kevin (2003) is an excellent example of social dread in fiction, where societal failures are a big part of the fears induced, and the questions raised in the narrative are denied definite answers. Kanae Minato’s Confessions (2008) is closer to a thriller, because despite raising issues of societal failure, the work gives conclusive answers to all of the questions raised during the narrative. Although Haruki Murakami’s Underground (1997–98) is a nonfiction compiled from interviews of terror attack survivors, it nevertheless has the hallmarks of a social dread narrative, such as question-answer structure and abstractness of the source of fear. More importantly, Murakami’s work alternates between identifying and anticipatory readings, gives no definitive answers to the questions it poses, and the fear it conveys is social in nature.
Dynamic Compressor Optimization in Natural Gas Pipeline Systems
Authors: Mak Terrence W. K. , Hentenryck Pascal Van , Zlotnik Anatoly , Bent Russell 
Published: January 2019

The growing dependence of electric power systems on gas-fired generators to balance fluctuating and intermittent production by renewable energy sources has increased the variation and volume of flows withdrawn from natural gas transmission pipelines. Adapting pipeline operations to maintain efficiency and security under these dynamic conditions requires optimization methods that account for substantial intraday transients and can rapidly compute solutions in reaction to generator re-dispatch. Here, we present a computationally efficient method for minimizing gas compression costs under dynamic conditions where deliveries to customers are described by time-dependent mass flows. The optimization method uses a simplified representation of gas flow physics, provides a choice of discretization schemes in time and space, and exploits a two-stage approach to minimize energy costs and ensure smooth and physically meaningful solutions. The resulting large-scale NLPs are solved using an interior point method. The optimization scheme is validated by comparing the solutions with an integration of the dynamic equations using an adaptive timestepping differential equation solver, as well as a different, recently proposed optimal control scheme. The comparison shows that solutions to the discretized problem are feasible for the continuous problem and also practical from an operational standpoint. The results also indicate that our scheme produces at least an order of magnitude reduction in computation time relative to the state of the art and scales to large gas transmission networks with more than 6,000 kilometers of total pipeline. The online supplement is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/ijoc.2018.0821 .
The elusive spleen
Authors: Dixon S , Horgan LF 
Published: January 2019

Introduction The aim of this study was to review the experience of general surgeons performing splenectomy in a district general hospital. The outcomes are discussed together with potential reasons for the increasing rarity of the procedure. Methods A retrospective cohort study was carried out of all patients undergoing splenectomy (as identified by a single trust pathology department on receipt of splenic samples) between 1 January 2000 and 1 May 2017. Case notes and computer systems were interrogated for data on operating surgeon, patient demographics, diagnosis, surgical approach (laparoscopic/open/converted to open), critical care admission and 30-day mortality. Results During the study period, 170 consecutive splenectomies were undertaken by 24 different operating surgeons. There were on average 5.8 planned and 4.2 unplanned splenectomies per year. The 30-day mortality rate for all splenectomies was 8.8%, with an elective 30-day mortality rate of 2.0%. Only 3 of the current consultant surgeons had undertaken more than 6 cases over the 17-year study period. Some senior consultants had not performed any splenectomies (either planned or unplanned) during the 17-year study period. Conclusions Splenectomy is required ever more rarely and experience as a district general hospital consultant is limited. Possible reasons for this include improvements in medical management of haematological diseases, the increasing use of conservative and radiological management for traumatic splenic injury, and a reduction in trauma cases and diversion of such cases to major trauma centres. Trainees and consultants must seek experience during specialty training or via cadaveric training in order to demonstrate competence.
Gastric remnant perforation due to trocar site herniation after laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass
Authors: Ebrahimi R , Kermansaravi M , Eghbali F , Pazouki A 
Published: January 2019

A 39-year-old woman was admitted with colicky left upper-quadrant pain, dyspnoea, low-grade fever, tachycardia and a subtle left upper-quadrant tenderness without leucocytosis. Computed tomography revealed a distended gastric remnant due to small-bowel loop herniation at the trocar site. The patient underwent a diagnostic laparoscopy as her general condition worsened. Perforation across the staple line was seen and repaired. The postoperative period was uneventful. As a rare complication of laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, small-bowel obstruction is of great importance because it can lead to gastric remnant perforation if not managed correctly. There have been rare reports of trocar site herniation as a cause of small-bowel obstruction following laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Prompt diagnostic laparoscopy should be considered. This is the first case reported in which the excluded stomach was perforated due to trocar site herniation of the small-bowel loop. It should be noted that the tissue around the perforation is fragile and proper tension should be employed when it is repaired. Generally, an omental patch is not encouraged.
Por uma didática de leitura e produção textual: uma proposta de ensino com o gênero Relato Pessoal
Authors: Fontenele Oscarina De Castro Silva , Magalhães Neto Pedro Rodrigues 
Published: January 2019

Este artigo discute a importância e a necessidade do trabalho com gêneros textuais na escola. Mais especificamente, traz uma sugestão de ensino que contempla os eixos de leitura e produção textual com o gênero relato pessoal “Banhos de Mar”, de Clarice Lispector, pensada como proposta de intervenção para alunos de 6º ano do ensino fundamental de uma escola estadual pública da cidade de Parnaíba-PI. Como questões norteadoras temos: “Como ensinar os alunos a produzirem um determinado gênero textual?”; “O que significa tomar o gênero textual como objeto de ensino?” O objetivo central deste artigo é apresentar uma sequência didática com o gênero relato pessoal, como material didático pensado para ampliar a competência dos alunos em leitura e produção textual. Objetiva-se, ainda, refletir sobre a natureza processual da escrita e estimular a didatização das práticas de produção textual. Para fundamentar este trabalho e alcançar os objetivos propostos, recorremos, principalmente, a Bakhtin(2011), aos PCN(BRASIL,1998), à BNCC(BRASIL, 2017), a Dolz, Noverraz e Schneuwly (2004), a Lopes-Rossi (2006), a Marcuschi (2008), a Passarelli(2012), entre outros. Com a discussão estabelecida nesse texto, esperamos munir os professores de conhecimentos teóricos e atividades práticas sobre as questões analisadas a fim de que conduzam as atividades de leitura e produção textual de forma didatizada.Palavras-chave: Leitura. Produção Textual. Relato Pessoal. Sequência Didática
Sendas do letramento literário pela magia do romance: resultados parciais de uma proposta de intervenção
Authors: Rios Lucivania Lopes , Castro Antonilma Almeida 
Published: January 2019

Neste artigo, apresentamos resultados parciais de uma intervenção aplicada em uma turma de 9° ano, do Ensino Fundamental, zona rural de Conceição do Coité. A ideia surgiu da inquietação diante da dificuldade dos alunos frente a leitura de textos do gênero romance. Frente a tal contexto, sentiu-se necessidade de elaboração de um trabalho com letramento literário, no desejo de contribuir para a ampliação leitora dos alunos e aproximá-los desse gênero. Para fundamentação teórica do projeto foram feitas várias consultas: Soares (2002), Kleiman (2006) e Roxo (2012) versando sobre os estudos de (multi)letramentos; Jouve (2002), Antunes (2003) e Solé (1998) discutindo a dimensão interacional da leitura; Lajolo (1988) e Cosson (2014) embasando os estudos da literatura; os PCNs (1998), Marcuschi (2008), Dolz e Schneuwly (2004) explorando a perspectiva e aplicação dos gêneros; e Bakhtin (1997), apresentando as classificações e base teórica do romance. A proposta foi organizada em Sequência Didática, norteando o trabalho de leitura do romance A menina que cavava com a caneta, de Sarah Correia, permitindo o diálogo com outras obras. A proposta centra-se na perspectiva intersemiótica, possibilitando o contato com outros gêneros e outras linguagens. Os resultados parciais apontam: a aproximação dos alunos com o romance; o estreitamentos nas relações afetivas; dinâmica nas aulas de Língua portuguesa; e percepção da importância da literatura na vida cotidiana das pessoas. Tendo em vista a função social que tem a leitura literária para a emancipação do ser, considera-se que esta proposta constitui-se uma importante alternativa para a formação do leitor. Palavras-chaves: Leitura. Leitura literária. Letramento. Gênero romance.
Susanne Bier’s nomadic perspective on home
Authors: Molloy Missy 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Film critics and scholars have frequently linked concepts of cinematic transnationalism to Susanne Bier’s films, which feature many characters in limbo, uncertain about which nation, culture and/or place they belong. This article proposes a nomadic dimension to the treatments of home, identity and intimacy in many films directed by Bier. Sensitivity to characters who have difficulty establishing permanent living spaces is particularly apparent in Bier films that utilize homes under renovation to model changes in characters’ circumstances, priorities and desires. Closely reading the erotics of design in Den eneste ene (The One and Only) (Bier, 1999) and Elsker dig for evigt (Open Hearts) (Bier, 2003) indicates an authorial predilection for homes under renovation never seen through to completion.
Tancred Ibsen’s failure to Ibsenize Hollywood
Authors: Iversen Gunnar 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
This short subject discusses Norwegian director Tancred Ibsen’s short period in the United States and Hollywood in the 1920s. According to his autobiography, his purpose was to ‘Ibsenize cinema’, but his stay in Hollywood was brief. New information on Ibsen’s Hollywood period is found by examining the outlines and synopses he wrote for MGM in 1924 and 1925, with a closer look at the synopsis Kin of Fame, a drama about identity and recognition with clear references to his own life.
Bacterial Pathogens And Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern In Burn Unit Of Hasan Sadikin Hospital (RSHS) From January 2012 - December 2015
Authors: Bowo Setiagung Ambari , Putri Almahita Cintami 
Published: January 2019

Background : Infection is the common cause of death following burn injury. Antibiotic resistance is a major wide problem in burn unit. We evaluated the pattern of bacterial pathogens isolated from burn wound and sensitivity of antibiotics in burn unit of RSHS.
Method : A retrospective descriptive study has been done in Burn Unit RSHS by collecting data from burn unit patient’s medical records over 4 years (2012-2015). Data of demography, characteristic of patients, wound isolates bacteria and sensitivity was collected.
Result : A total of 205 patients were admitted to burn unit of RSHS and 164 patients fulfilled the requirements to be analyzed. 114 (69.5%) patients were male and the most commonly affected age groups were young adults 15-40 years old. The mortality rate in burn unit was 71 patients (43.3%) and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) was commonly the primary cause of death (53.5%) and followed by sepsis (42.3%). Microorganism from burn wound isolates were P. aeruginosa (30.1%), A. baumanii (19.9%), K. pneumonia (19.3%), E. cloacae (9.1%), E. coli (4%), P. stuartii (2.8%). Meropenem was the most sensitive antibiotic against to P. aeruginosa and K. pneumonia. Amikasin was shown to be sensitive to A. baumanii, E. cloacae and E. coli. P. stuartii was 100% sensitive to meropenem, amikasin, piperacillin-tazobactam and cotrimoxazole. Cefoperazon, ceftriaxone and ceftazidime showed very low sensitivity (0-14.3%).
Conclusion : Dominant bacteria isolated was P. aeruginosa which was sensitive to meropenem and commonly resistant to the third generation of cephalosporin antibiotics, which becomes multi drug resistant bacteria.
Researches Regarding the Influence of Alloying Elements on the Mechanical Properties of Lamellar Graphite Cast Iron
Authors: Stoian Elena Valentina , Bratu Vasile , Enescu Cristiana Maria , Ungureanu Dan Nicolae 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Aim of the study is to present the technological process of obtaining cast iron with lamellar graphite for use in the manufacture of cylinder liners, and to identify the main alloying elements and track their influence on the mechanical properties of cast iron with lamellar graphite.
Also paper presents analysis of 20 batches of cast iron with lamellar graphite, which are made of cylinder liners, in terms of chemical composition and the mechanical properties.
After the analysis of the 20 castings of cast iron Fc 250 it is observed that: the increase in the carbon content shows a decrease of the tensile strength and hardness of the gray cast iron; the increase in silicon content shows a decrease in hardness and tensile strength. Decreasing the amount of graphite and especially the alloy of silicon iron lead to hardness increase 1% Si increases hardness by 50 HB). A statistical analysis has been performed on the data obtained that accounts for changes in alloying additions. A modeling and optimization of mechanical properties (tensile strength and hardness) was performed according to the percentages of carbon, silicon and manganese. Mathematical modeling found that the hardness and traction resistance of the cast iron decreased with the increase in carbon, silicon and manganese content.
Incremental Numerical Method Used for the Kinematical Study of the Slider-Crank Mechanism
Authors: Tătaru Vladimir Dragoş , Tătaru Mircea Bogdan 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The kinematical study of mechanisms is a very important matter and therefore it must be done very properly. The slidercrank mechanism is very common in engineering applications. The present paper presents an incremental numerical method used for kinematical study of the aforementioned mechanism. The kinematics of the same mechanism is performed using an analytical method. In order to validate the incremental numerical method, the results obtained by using the two methods are then compared.
Measuring income inequality: comparative datasets and methodological deficiencies. An overview of income inequality in Romania during postsocialism
Authors: Anghel Ionuţ-Marian 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The article delineates the main methodological deficiencies and datasets available for comparing income inequality at the European and world level. The article is divided in two parts. In the first part of the article, I present the main datasets and methodological deficiencies when trying to compare income inequality in the world. Although efforts have been made in the last decades to generate comparative databases, the qualities of some indicators are rather doubtful and also there is no common ground on conceptualizing inequality indicators and measuring them, some of which are income-based, while others are household expenditure-based. Then, I present two classical studies on studying income inequality after the Washington consensus. In the second part of the article I sketch an overview of rising income inequality in Romania after 1989 by presenting some income inequality indicators and comparing them with other former CEE countries. However, I will pinpoint that Romania’s case is rather exceptional in the EU and, when comparing standard income inequality indicators, further explication needs to be delivered. I conclude that while income inequality is the result of macro-structural changes that occurred during the transition to market capitalism, political decisions are not to be played-down.
Narrative Medicine – the methodology of doctor-patient communication analysis
Authors: Silistraru Ioana 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe present paper aims at presenting a non-exhaustive list of methodology instruments for narrative analysis in medical communication. Patient narratives became of more and more importance while evidence-based medicine has created a gap between patients, their illness and their doctors. While being investigated through high-technology instruments used in medicine, the patient vanishes behind the computer screen where his body is analysed based on the biomedical factors. Narrative medicine is defined by one of its founders as the interaction between a health practitioner who doesn’t simply look at diseases, but treats the person who’s suffering from an illness by listening closely to his story (Charon 2001). Therefore, as mentioned by Rita Charon in her works, the doctor-patient interactions are measured considering the effectiveness of medical care. The patient is empowered with medical knowledge related to his illness, transposed into an accessible language. On the other side of the communication spectrum, the doctor reconnects with his patient, manifesting interest on how the patient’s life is affected by illness, not only on how it can be effectively treated. ‘Now, in recent years medical narrative is changing—from the stories about patients and their illnesses, patient narratives and the unfolding and interwoven story between healthcare professionals and patients are both gaining momentum, leading to the creation or defining of narrative-based medicine (NBM).’ (Kalitzkus and Matthiessen 2009). Narrative based medicine is presented to counteract the pitfalls of evidence-based medicine (EBM). NBM can foster a better care while taking into account the patient’s story on the way illness is affecting the quality of his everyday life. The final objective of effective medical care is to alleviate, if not to dismiss completely the illness and the suffering of the patients.