bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effects of mindfulness‐based stress reduction on depression, anxiety, and stress in older adults: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Li Simon Yat Ho , Bressington Daniel 
Published: January 2019

AbstractMindfulness‐based stress reduction (MBSR) has been widely used to improve various physical and mental conditions. Studies show the intervention is particularly effective in alleviating depression, anxiety, and stress in working‐aged adults. No recent systematic review has focused on the use of MBSR in older adults. This study aims to examine the effects of MBSR intervention on depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms of older adults. Five electronic databases were searched for relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published between 1990 and 2017. Six eligible studies were included and computed for meta‐analysis. The methodological quality and risk of biases across the included RCTs were assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool. Overall, the amount of evidence is limited and of relatively low quality. The results of this review provide evidence that the MBSR is more effective than wait‐list‐control group to reduce depression in older adults with clinically significant symptoms immediately following the intervention. However, there is no clear evidence that the intervention reduced the perception of stress and anxiety, or that positive effects are maintained over the longer term. More robust studies involving larger sample sizes and using longer follow‐up measurements are required.
Investigating the adoption of MOOCs: A technology–user–environment perspective
Authors: Ma Long , Lee Chei Sian 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIn spite of the potentials promised by MOOCs (massive open online courses), the adoption rate of MOOCs is still low, especially in developing countries. Research on the adoption of MOOCs in developing countries is also limited. To fill this research gap, this research aims to study the adoption of MOOCs by extending current research on innovation and technology adoption in order to promote the diffusion of MOOCs in developing countries. Here, a conceptual framework, technology–user–environment was proposed to identify influential drivers and barriers of MOOC adoption. Eight hundred and twenty‐seven individuals in a developing country, were invited to participate in a questionnaire survey. Data were analysed by hierarchical regression, and the results show that for the (a) technological characteristics, perceived usefulness has the most significant influence, followed by lack of accessibility and performance‐to‐cost value; for the (b)user factors, self‐regulation was the most significant predictor of MOOC adoption, and female learners showed higher willingness to adopt MOOCs; and for the (c) social environmental factors, tradition and social norms and lack of information about MOOCs were negatively associated with adoption of MOOCs. Implications and suggestions are discussed at the end of this paper.
Effect of guar and arabic gums on qualitative properties of extruded rice
Authors: Saadat Saba , Movahhed Sara , Ahmadi Chenarbon Hossein 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe rice milling process is carried out extensively to alter its texture and whiteness, increase its bonding with water, improve its digestibility, and reduce its cooking time. Broken rice grains followed by lower rice efficiency during processing and milling of rice paddy are a major challenge contributing to the reduced economic productivity. Moreover, separation of rice bran also reduces its nutritional value. Accordingly, the extrusion process in turning flour from broken rice into whole rice grains and its fortification can improve the economic value and nutrition value by adding mineral or vitamin in the production process. In this regard, the individual and collective effects of guar and arabic gums (0.5 and 1%) were analyzed to produce extruded rice samples (var. Hashemi) with qualitative and organoleptic properties similar to those of the control samples. According to the results of the tests conducted before and after cooking, guar and arabic gums increased moisture content, ash, color difference, texture hardness, water uptake, solubility, lateral expansion, and cohesiveness, and reduced density, cooking loss, chewiness of the samples compared to the control samples. According to the results from before and after cooking, the treatment containing 1% guar +1% arabic was selected as the best treatment.Practical applicationsThe main objective of extrusion is to develop the diversity in daily foods through products with different shape, texture, colors and flavor and reduction in losses during the rice production and preparation processes as well as the improvement of qualitative and organoleptic properties of extruded rice. Advantages of the extrusion process include diversity in foods, reduce of food losses (e.g., converting broken rice into textured rice), fortification of product and the possibility of automating the process.
Application of ultrasound and high‐pressure homogenization against high temperature‐short time in peach juice
Authors: Yildiz Gulcin 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe scope of current research was to investigate the impact of ultrasound (US) and high‐pressure homogenization (HPH) on the quality of peach juice and to compare it with the effect of high temperature‐short time (HTST) treatment. The quality parameters were monitored during 4 weeks. Compared with the HPH‐ and US‐treated peach juices, HTST treatment increased the viscosity of peach juice. The enzyme inactivation (PPO and PME) in juice samples was improved significantly with an US. In addition, US and HPH treatments play a better role in ascorbic acid preservation in juices compared with the HTST treatment. Similarly, HTST‐treated peach juices showed the lowest antioxidant capacity compared to the US‐ and HPH‐treated juice samples during the storage. Finally, US‐treated peach juices resulted in the highest phenolic content during the storage. In overall, both US and HPH treatments preserved the quality of peach juice remarkably compared with the HTST.Practical applicationsAn important enhancement in the quality retention of ultrasound (US)‐treated juice compared to the high temperature‐short time‐treated peach juice was obtained. This work contributes a novel method to produce US‐treated fresh fruit and vegetable juices with an improved product quality. In overall, processing of peach juice with an US treatment can be used to get a high‐quality product as demonstrated by its quality retention ability during cold storage.
Variation in the spatial distribution of erector spinae activity during a lumbar endurance task in people with low back pain
Authors: Sanderson Andy , Martinez‐Valdes Eduardo , Heneghan Nicola R. , Murillo Carlos , Rushton Alison , Falla Deborah 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the spatial distribution and redistribution of lumbar erector spinae (ES) activity during a lumbar extension endurance task in pain‐free participants and how this is modified in people with low back pain (LBP). High density surface electromyography (HDEMG) was recorded using 13 × 5 electrode grids placed over the lumbar ES in 13 LBP and 13 control participants while completing an Ito test to task failure. The root mean square of the HDEMG signals was computed, a topographical map of the EMG amplitude generated and the centre of the activity (centroid) determined throughout the task. The centroid of the EMG amplitude map was systematically more cranial (F = 6.09, P = 0.022) for the LBP participants compared with the control subjects. Regression analysis showed that the extent of redistribution of ES activity was associated with longer endurance. These results show that LBP participants utilised a different motor strategy to perform the endurance task, characterised by greater activation of more cranial regions of the ES and less redistribution of ES activity throughout the task. This study provides new insight into the functional activation of the lumbar ES and how it is modified when people have pain.
Is hysteroscopic metroplasty using the incision method for septate uterus a risk factor for adverse obstetric outcomes?
Authors: Ono Shuichi , Kuwabara Yoshimitsu , Matsuda Shigeru , Yonezawa Mirei , Watanabe Kenichiro , Akira Shigeo , Takeshita Toshiyuki 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAimThis study aimed to assess whether hysteroscopic metroplasty using the incision method for septate uterus is a risk factor for adverse obstetric outcomes during pregnancy or delivery.MethodsThis retrospective, single‐center cohort study of obstetric complications included 41 patients with recurrent pregnancy loss or unexplained infertility who underwent hysteroscopic metroplasty using the incision method for septate uterus. As controls, we recruited 1139 women who delivered at our hospital during the same period. The primary outcomes were mean weeks of delivery, mean birthweight, rate of cesarean section, rate of breech presentation, rate of post‐partum hemorrhage, rate of preterm delivery, rate of placental abruption, rate of placenta previa, rate of placenta accreta and uterine rupture during pregnancy and delivery.ResultsThe two groups did not differ in terms of age, mean weeks of delivery, mean birthweight, rate of post‐partum hemorrhage, rate of preterm delivery, rate of placental abruption, rate of placenta previa or rate of placenta accreta. The rates of cesarean section and breech presentation were significantly higher in the study group than in the control group (56.1 vs 27.7%; P = 0.0002 and 19.5 vs 6.8%; P = 0.007, respectively). There were no cases of uterine rupture during pregnancy or delivery following hysteroscopic metroplasty.ConclusionHysteroscopic metroplasty using the incision method for septate uterus is not a risk factor for adverse obstetric outcomes. No severe complications, such as placenta abruption, placenta previa, placenta accreta, uterine rupture or heavy hemorrhage, were observed in the postoperative live birth group.
Long tail balloon as a new approach for fetoscopic tracheal occlusion for a treatment of severe congenital diaphragmatic hernia
Authors: Tchirikov Michael , Springer Carsten , Seeger Sven , Behrmann Curd , Bergner Michael , Haase Roland 
Published: January 2019

AbstractSevere congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) remains a significant challenge for neonatal specialists. In order to reduce complications during extraction of the surgical balloon after fetoscopic tracheal occlusion (FETO) CDH, we have developed a FETO with a ‘long tail balloon’ of 2.5 mL volume. Here we describe two successful uses of the device with observed/expected total fetal lung volume (o/e TFLV) of 15% and with o/e TFLV of 24% and ‘liver up’. The o/e TFLV increased to 134% in first case and to 47% in second fetus. The balloon was successfully extracted at 34 weeks' gestation by pulling the long tail suture during second fetoscopy. In the second case the fetus pulled out the balloon from trachea itself by traction onto the balloon's long tail. Both neonates were operated on for their CDH with a good outcome. This work showed the feasibility of this long tail balloon for FETO to reduce the technical difficulty of the balloon extraction and the possibility that fetuses are able to extract the balloon by itself by pulling the balloons' long tail. Further development of long tail balloon for FETO could facilitate its extraction thereby reducing neonatal complications.
Microbial secondary metabolite induction of abnormal appressoria formation mediates control of rice blast disease caused by Magnaporthe oryzae
Authors: Tamura Tomoko , Shinzato Naoya , Ito Michihiro , Ueno Makoto 
Published: January 2019

AbstractOkinawa, the only subtropical area in Japan with numerous island ecosystems, is expected to have diverse microbial resources. Recently, we reported the construction of a culture filtrate library with microbes originally isolated from soils in Okinawa, including the Yaeyama Archipelago, and validated its phylogenetic diversity. In the present study, we investigated the inhibitory effect of the cell extract (CE) from microbial isolate 3–45 against Magnaporthe oryzae in rice (Oryza sativa). Abnormal appressorium formation by M. oryzae was induced in the presence of the CE from isolate 3–45. Additionally, melanization of appressoria was inhibited in the presence of CE from isolate 3–45. Sequence analysis of the 16S rDNA region of isolate 3–45 indicated that it shared similarities with Streptomyces erythrochromogenes. When rice leaves were inoculated with M. oryzae in the presence of CE from isolate 3–45, blast lesion formation was inhibited compared to leaves treated with M. oryzae in the absence of CE from isolate 3–45. In addition, M. oryzae infective activity was significantly inhibited in rice leaf sheaths treated with CE from isolate 3–45. Furthermore, abnormal appressorium formation was observed in the presence of heat‐treated CE from isolate 3–45. These results suggest that CE from isolate 3–45 can protect rice from blast disease caused by M. oryzae. Further studies are required to identify the active compounds present in 3–45‐CE and to clarify its mechanism of inhibition in full detail. The present study on isolate 3–45 might contribute to the development of a new fungicide for controlling rice blast disease caused by M. oryzae.
Ideal football culture: A cultural take on self‐determination theory
Authors: Cresswell James , Rogers Cody , Halvorsen Jon , Bonfield Stephan 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis paper discusses cultural psychology and psychological training in football (soccer). Self‐Determination Theory (SDT; Deci & Ryan, 1980) has shown to be pragmatically successful in sport and suggests that being regulated by autonomous forms of motivation leads to better psychological outcomes. Cultural psychologists would be tempted to dismiss SDT because it is predicated on an a‐cultural approach to mind. It is possible to nurture a stronger and more effective team culture by reframing SDT in a cultural direction. As such, this paper outlines a cultural approach that reconceptualizes SDT in a way that retains the latter's pragmatic value while not approaching mind in a self‐contained individualist manner.
Public Childcare and Maternal Employment — New Evidence for Germany
Authors: Boll Christina , Lagemann Andreas 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis study explores the linkage between five policy indicators of public childcare provision for below threes and maternal employment in terms of employment propensity and (conditional) working hours based on German microcensus data 2006–14. Our two‐way fixed effects estimations with individual and macro‐level confounders as well as year‐ and state‐fixed effects show that raising the coverage rate by 1 percentage point and the existence of a legal childcare claim from the age of one relates to an increase of weekly working hours by 0.5 per cent and 3.1 per cent, respectively. Regarding the employment propensity, correlations with policy indicators are rather weak.
Teacher–writer–crafter–maker: an exploration of how making mattered for one writing teacher
Authors: Woodard Rebecca 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis qualitative case study documents a secondary English teacher's making, writing and teaching. The focal teacher engaged in diverse making practices – including composing, crafting and digital fabrication. She also participated in a National Writing Project (NWP) Summer Institute that focused on both teacher writing and digital composing. Data include observations at this NWP Project Summer Institute and in the focal teacher's English classroom, as well as interviews and artefact collection related to her making practices. The findings describe how this teacher's making mattered for her understandings of writing and for her teaching (or not). The case offers insights into why it may be important to cultivate educator making, as well as potential tensions between experiencing making and incorporating it into writing pedagogy. Ultimately, it contributes to writing research interested in examining how various forms of production and making are enmeshed.
The benefits of metacognitive reading strategy awareness instruction for young learners of English as a second language
Authors: Teng (Mark) Feng 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis paper presents a small‐scale study examining the effects of metacognitive reading strategy instruction on English language learners' reading comprehension in a Hong Kong international school. Twenty‐five primary school (Grade 5) students who learn English as a second language participated in this study. Metacognitive instruction was incorporated into 10 process‐based reading lessons. Data were collected from notes learners took during reading, post‐reading reflection reports, teacher‐facilitated group discussions and two types of reading tests. Results revealed that the young learners could articulate several knowledge factors that influenced their reading. In addition, learners reported a better understanding of the nature and demands of reading, a deeper awareness of metacognitive knowledge in improving reading comprehension and increased confidence in handling reading exercises. The learners also showed enhanced reading performance compared to those in a control group without metacognitive intervention. This study highlights the potential of metacognitive instruction to enhance primary school English learners' reading literacy.
Arginine and nitrogen mobilization in cyanobacteria
Authors: Zhang Hao , Yang Chen 
Published: January 2019

SummaryCyanobacteria have evolved mechanisms to adapt to environmental stress and nutrient availability, including accumulation of storage compounds in inclusions and granules. As arginine is a key building block of cyanophycin, a dynamic nitrogen reservoir in many cyanobacteria, arginine metabolism plays a key role in cyanobacterial nitrogen storage and remobilization. Recently, an arginine dihydrolase AgrE/ArgZ was identified as a major arginine‐degrading enzyme in nondiazotrophic Synechocystis, which catalyzes the conversion of arginine into ornithine and ammonia. The N‐terminal domain of AgrE/ArgZ is responsible for arginine dihydrolase activity. Burnat et al. (2019) identified the arginine catabolic pathway in diazotrophic Anabaena, which starts with the reaction catalyzed by AgrE/ArgZ. Moreover, this study identified the C‐terminal domain of AgrE/ArgZ as an ornithine cyclodeaminase that catalyze the conversion of ornithine to proline. The results demonstrated that arginine is catabolized to generate glutamate by the concerted action of AgrE/ArgZ and bifunctional proline oxidase PutA in the vegetative cells of Anabaena. These findings expand our knowledge on nitrogen mobilization and redistribution in Anabaena under nitrogen‐fixation conditions. AgrE/ArgZ is widely present in many diazotrophic cyanobacteria and may be important for their contribution to marine nitrogen fixation. AgrE/ArgZ may have potential applications in metabolic engineering and biotechnology.
Prospective study evaluating immune‐mediated mechanisms and predisposing factors underlying persistent postinfectious abdominal complaints
Authors: Florens Morgane V. , Van Wanrooy Sander , Dooley James , Aguilera‐Lizarraga Javier , Vanbrabant Winde , Wouters Mira M. , Van Oudenhove Lukas , Peetermans Willy E. , Liston Adrian , Boeckxstaens Guy E. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe role of persistent immune activation in postinfectious irritable bowel syndrome (PI‐IBS) remains controversial. Here, we prospectively studied healthy subjects traveling to destinations with a high‐risk to develop infectious gastroenteritis (IGE) in order to identify immune‐mediated mechanisms and risk factors of PI‐IBS.MethodsOne hundred and one travelers were asked to complete questionnaires on psychological profile and gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms before travel, 2 weeks, 6 months and 1 year after travel. At each visit, blood was collected for PBMC isolation and rectal biopsies were taken. PI‐IBS was diagnosed using the Rome III criteria and subjects with persistent postinfectious abdominal complaints (PI‐AC) were identified using 3 GSRS symptoms (ie, loose stools, urgency and abdominal pain).ResultsForty‐seven of the 101 subjects reported IGE during travel. After 1 year, two subjects were diagnosed with PI‐IBS and eight subjects were presented with PI‐AC versus two subjects with IBS and two with abdominal complaints in the non‐infected group. PBMC analysis showed no differences in T and B cell populations in subjects with PI‐AC vs healthy. Additionally, no differences in gene expression were observed in the early postinfectious phase or after 1 year. Regression analysis identified looser stools, higher anxiety and somatization before infection and several postinfectious GI symptoms as risk factors for PI‐AC.ConclusionsThe incidence of PI‐IBS is low following travelers’ diarrhea and there is need for larger studies investigating the role of immune activation in PI‐IBS. Psychological factors before infection and the severity of symptoms shortly after infection are risk factors for the persistence of PI‐AC.
Smut infection of perennial hosts: the genome and the transcriptome of the Brassicaceae smut fungus Thecaphora thlaspeos reveal functionally conserved and novel effectors
Authors: Courville Kaitlyn J. , Frantzeskakis Lamprinos , Gul Summia , Haeger Natalie , Kellner Ronny , Heßler Natascha , Day Brad , Usadel Björn , Gupta Yogesh K. , van Esse H. Peter , Brachmann Andreas , Kemen Eric , Feldbrügge Michael , Göhre Vera 
Published: January 2019

Summary

Biotrophic fungal plant pathogens can balance their virulence and form intricate relationships with their hosts. Sometimes, this leads to systemic host colonization over long time scales without macroscopic symptoms. However, how plant‐pathogenic endophytes manage to establish their sustained systemic infection remains largely unknown.

Here, we present a genomic and transcriptomic analysis of Thecaphora thlaspeos. This relative of the well studied grass smut Ustilago maydis is the only smut fungus adapted to Brassicaceae hosts. Its ability to overwinter with perennial hosts and its systemic plant infection including roots are unique characteristics among smut fungi.

The T. thlaspeos genome was assembled to the chromosome level. It is a typical smut genome in terms of size and genome characteristics. In silico prediction of candidate effector genes revealed common smut effector proteins and unique members. For three candidates, we have functionally demonstrated effector activity. One of these, TtTue1, suggests a potential link to cold acclimation. On the plant side, we found evidence for a typical immune response as it is present in other infection systems, despite the absence of any macroscopic symptoms during infection.

Our findings suggest that T. thlaspeos distinctly balances its virulence during biotrophic growth ultimately allowing for long‐lived infection of its perennial hosts.
Specification Searching and Significance Inflation Across Time, Methods and Disciplines
Authors: Vivalt Eva 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis paper examines how significance inflation has varied across time, methods and disciplines. Leveraging a unique data set of impact evaluations on 20 kinds of development programmes, I find that results from randomized controlled trials exhibit less significance inflation than results from studies using other methods. Further, randomized controlled trials have exhibited less significance inflation over time, but quasi‐experimental studies have not. There is no robust difference between results from researchers affiliated with economics departments and those from researchers affiliated with other predominantly health‐related departments. Overall, the biases found appear much smaller than those previously observed in other social sciences.