bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Naturheilkundliche Behandlung von chronischer Diarrhö
Authors: Wöhrle Tanja 
Published: November 2018

ZusammenfassungNach teils ausgedehnten Operationen im Bereich des Dünn- und Dickdarmes (Morbus Crohn, Tumoren etc.) kommt es in aller Regel zu schwer zu behandelnden langdauernden wässrigen Diarrhöen. Mit den Standardmedikationen von Loperamid, Spasmolytika, Faserzusatz wie z. B. Optifibre und als Ultima Ratio Somatostatin gelingt eine Beherrschung der Diarrhö meist erst nach relativ langer Behandlung über mehrere Wochen. Die dabei entstehenden Kosten könnten durch den Einsatz von Homöopathika, insbesondere durch die Choleranosode, deutlich vermindert werden.
Diagnosis and Management of Acquired von Willebrand Disease in Heart Disease: A Review of the Literature
Authors: Petricevic Mate , Knezevic Jadranka , Samoukovic Gordan , Bradaric Bozena , Safradin Ivica , Mestrovic Marija , Papestiev Vasil , Hodalin Alen , Madzar Tomislav , Mihalj Mario , Rotim Ante , Biocina Bojan 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe incidence of acquired von Willebrand syndrome (AvWS) in patients with heart disease is commonly perceived as rare. However, its occurrence is underestimated and underdiagnosed, potentially leading to inadequate treatment resulting in increased morbidity and mortality.In patients with cardiac disease, AvWS frequently occurs in patients with structural heart disease and in those undergoing mechanical circulatory support (MCS).The clinical manifestation of an AvWS is usually characterized by apparent or occult gastrointestinal (GI) or mucocutaneous hemorrhage frequently accompanied by signs of anemia and/or increased bleeding during surgical procedures. The primary change is loss of high-molecular weight von Willebrand factor multimers (HMWM). Whereas the loss of HMWM in patients with structural heart disease is caused by increased HMWM cleavage by von Willebrand factor (vWF)-cleaving protease, ADAMTS13, AvWS in MCS patients is predominantly a result of a high shear stress coupled with mechanical destruction of vWF itself.This manuscript provides a comprehensive review of the evidence regarding both diagnosis and contemporary management of AVWS in patients with heart disease.
Endoscopic Management of Gastrointestinal Complications
Authors: Witte Samantha , Pauli Eric 
Published: November 2018

AbstractDespite improvements in preoperative patient optimization, refinements in surgical methodology and technology, and the implementation of enhanced recovery protocols, complications following gastrointestinal (GI) surgery remain a fact of life. As the rates of GI surgical procedures increase worldwide, so will the volume of complications. The surgical management of complications is often not ideal, as some (such as acute staple line bleeding or the development of an anastomotic stricture) are luminal-based processes that are difficult to approach from an extraluminal (i.e., surgical) perspective. Endoscopy has largely replaced surgery for the management of such postoperative problems. Leak, the most feared complications of GI surgery, can result from intestinal resection, anastomosis formation, or from iatrogenic injury. With advancements in both diagnostic and therapeutic endoscopy, novel endoluminal and transluminal management options for leak continue to evolve. In centers where these interventions are readily available, they are becoming a first-line treatment option. This article will review the endoscopic management of GI complications with a particular focus on the management of postoperative strictures and of full-thickness GI tract defects (perforations, acute leaks, and chronic fistulae).
Organization and Application of ECLS Therapy—A Nationwide Survey in German Cardiosurgical Departments
Authors: Assmann Alexander , Boeken Udo , Klotz Stefan , Harringer Wolfgang , Beckmann Andreas 
Published: November 2018

Background In context of the multidisciplinary German scientific guideline “Use of extracorporeal circulation (extracorporeal life support [ECLS]/extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) for cardiac and circulatory failure,” a nationwide survey should depict the status of organization and application of ECLS therapy in Germany.
Methods Between June and October 2017, a standardized questionnaire consisting of 30 items related to ECLS therapy was sent to all German cardiosurgical departments, and all returned results were analyzed and evaluated.
Results The return rate amounted to 92.9% (78 out of 84 departments). In the participating departments, ECLS therapy is subject to different responsibilities, and exhibits divergent processes and various ways for specialization of the involved personnel. This also concerns local application standards, such as cannulation strategies, anticoagulation management, left ventricular unloading, antiwatershed treatment, and weaning from circulatory support.
Conclusion This nationwide survey underlines the necessity of a multidisciplinary guideline concerning ECLS therapy.
Comparison of Direct Surgical Costs for Proximal Row Carpectomy and Four-Corner Arthrodesis
Authors: Stephens Andrew , Presson Angela , Xu Yizhe , Feller Ross , Tyser Andrew , Kazmers Nikolas 
Published: November 2018

Background Proximal row carpectomy (PRC) and four-corner arthrodesis (FCA) are common treatments for stage II scapholunate advanced collapse (SLAC) and scaphoid nonunion advanced collapse (SNAC) wrists, with similar functional and patient-reported outcomes reported in the peer-reviewed literature.
Questions Study questions included (1) whether surgical encounter total direct costs (SETDCs) differ between PRC and FCA, and (2) whether SETDC differs by method of fixation for FCA.
Patients and Methods Consecutive adult patients (≥ 18 years) undergoing PRC and FCA between July 2011 and May 2017 at a single tertiary care academic institution were identified. Patients undergoing additional simultaneous procedures were excluded. Using our institution's information technology value tools, we extracted prospectively collected cost data for each surgical encounter. SETDCs were compared between PRC and FCA, and between FCA subgroups (screws, plating, or staples).
Results Of 42 included patients, mean age was similar between the 23 PRC and 19 FCA patients (51.2 vs. 54.5 years, respectively). SETDCs were significantly greater for FCA than PRC by 425%. FCA involved significantly greater facility costs (2.3-fold), supply costs (10-fold), and operative time (121 vs. 57 minutes). Implant costs were absent for PRC, which were responsible for 55% of the SETDC for FCA. Compared with compression screws, plating and staple fixation were significantly more costly (70% and 240% greater, respectively).
Conclusion SETDCs were 425% greater for FCA than PRC. Implant costs for FCA alone were 130% greater than the entire surgical encounter for PRC. For FCA, SETDC varied depending on the method of fixation.
Level of Evidence This is a level III, cost analysis study.
Giant Cell Tumor of Bone: Review of Current Literature, Evaluation, and Treatment Options
Authors: Montgomery Corey , Couch Cory , Emory Cynthia , Nicholas Richard 
Published: November 2018

AbstractGiant cell tumor of bone is a benign albeit aggressive tumor commonly affecting the bones of the knee. Patients with these tumors present with pain, swelling, and inability to bear weight on the involved extremity. These destructive tumors typically arise in the metaphyseal region of the long bones in individuals in the second, third, and fourth generations of life. Histologically, the multinucleated giant cells are the hallmark of the lesion, easily recognized on histological review, which recently have become therapeutic targets for medical management of the disease. For decades, surgical management has been the primary treatment for giant cell tumor of the bone. Some tumors can be treated with excision and filling of the osseous void with bone cement or allograft. This is an effective treatment option with a low to moderate risk of local recurrence while preserving limb function. For more destructive tumors, wide excision and reconstruction with prosthetic, structural allograft or combined allograft prosthetic components are utilized. Advances in medical management of the disease have also demonstrated promise as an effective treatment; however, its use has usually been limited to the treatment of metastatic disease, recurrent disease or when advanced local disease would require surgical treatment felt to be overly morbid.
Malignant Bone Tumors of the Knee: How to Identify and Treat
Authors: Voskuil Ryan , Evenski Andrea , Montgomery Corey , Emory Cynthia 
Published: November 2018

AbstractMalignant bone tumors are rare conditions that may be encountered by nononcologic surgeons only a few times in their careers, but a delay in diagnosis or a misinterpretation of data can have limb and life-threatening consequences. Prior literature suggests that unplanned resection of sarcoma was associated with an increased risk of local recurrence, decreased 10-year survival, and increased amputation rate compared with planned resection. In addition to patient morbidity, missed diagnoses and unplanned excisions of malignant tumors lead to increased cost of treatment and higher likelihood of subsequent medicolegal action. According to the American Cancer Society, the 5-year survival of all combined cases of malignant bone tumors is approximately 70%. However, the survival rate of each type of malignant bone tumor varies, with multiple myeloma survival rates being much lower and lymphoma somewhat higher. These rates depend on many factors including grade, stage, and chemotherapy response. For example, the 10-year survival of localized osteosarcoma is almost 70%, yet rapidly declines to 20 to 30% in patients with metastases. This further emphasizes the elevated importance of prompt recognition and treatment of malignant bone tumors.
Impact of Hypertension on Hospitalizations for Cardiovascular Diseases in a Worksite Population: An Epidemiologic Study Using Claims Data for Workers
Authors: Fukushima Ayako , Khabtheni Wafa , Guelfucci Florent , Onishi Yoshie , Sugiyama Daisuke , Okamura Tomonori , Toumi Mondher 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Few of studies investigated the effect of antihypertensives among working population. We aimed to describe the impact of hypertension with and without antihypertensives on hospitalizations because of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in the Japanese working population.

METHODS
This retrospective study included adults aged 40–64 years whose systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP) readings taken between 2008 and 2015 were available in the Japanese claims database. Individuals were categorized as treated (T) or untreated (UT) depending on their hypertension treatment history. Time to first CVD-related hospitalization was compared among individuals with different BP levels using Cox models that included baseline characteristics with either baseline BP level or a time-dependent variable reflecting BP changes over time.

RESULTS
Of 740,784 UT individuals (male: 61.9%, mean age: 47.9 years), 2,121 individuals were hospitalized due to a CVD over a 957.3-day average follow-up. Among 72,828 T individuals (male: 74.3%, mean age: 53.7 years), the corresponding figure was 470 individuals over an 813.4-day average follow-up. The risk of hospitalization increased with baseline hypertension severity among UT (hazard ratios [HRs] = 1.93, 2.82, and 6.32 for grade 1, grade 2, and grade 3, respectively; P &lt; 0.0001, reference: optimal) but not among T individuals. UT individuals with hypertension at any given time had a significantly higher probability of hospitalization compared to nonhypertensive individuals (HR = 1.74, P &lt; 0.0001).

CONCLUSIONS
This study adds quantitative evidence on the impact of hypertension on the risk of CVD-related hospitalization in the Japanese working population. It suggests that antihypertensive treatment had beneficial effects in this relatively young, working population aged 40–64 years.
SGTK: a toolkit for visualization and assessment of scaffold graphs
Authors: Kunyavskaya Olga , Prjibelski Andrey D 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Summary
Scaffolding is an important step in every genome assembly pipeline, which allows to order contigs into longer sequences using various types of linkage information, such as mate-pair libraries and long reads. In this work, we operate with a notion of a scaffold graph—a graph, vertices of which correspond to the assembled contigs and edges represent connections between them. We present a software package called Scaffold Graph ToolKit that allows to construct and visualize scaffold graphs using different kinds of sequencing data. We show that the scaffold graph appears to be useful for analyzing and assessing genome assemblies, and demonstrate several use cases that can be helpful for both assembly software developers and their users.

Availability and implementation
SGTK is implemented in C++, Python and JavaScript and is freely available at https://github.com/olga24912/SGTK.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
ProteomicsBrowser: MS/proteomics data visualization and investigation
Authors: Peng Gang , Wilson Rashaun , Tang Yishuo , Lam TuKiet T , Nairn Angus C , Williams Kenneth , Zhao Hongyu 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Summary
Large-scale, quantitative proteomics data are being generated at ever increasing rates by high-throughput, mass spectrometry technologies. However, due to the complexity of these large datasets as well as the increasing numbers of post-translational modifications (PTMs) that are being identified, developing effective methods for proteomic visualization has been challenging. ProteomicsBrowser was designed to meet this need for comprehensive data visualization. Using peptide information files exported from mass spectrometry search engines or quantitative tools as input, the peptide sequences are aligned to an internal protein database such as UniProtKB. Each identified peptide ion including those with PTMs is then visualized along the parent protein in the Browser. A unique property of ProteomicsBrowser is the ability to combine overlapping peptides in different ways to focus analysis of sequence coverage, charge state or PTMs. ProteomicsBrowser includes other useful functions, such as a data filtering tool and basic statistical analyses to qualify quantitative data.

Availability and implementation
ProteomicsBrowser is implemented in Java8 and is available at https://medicine.yale.edu/keck/nida/proteomicsbrowser.aspx and https://github.com/peng-gang/ProteomicsBrowser.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Brain Functional Organization Associated With Language Lateralization
Authors: Wang Shuai , Van der Haegen Lise , Tao Lily , Cai Qing 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Although it is well-established that human language functions are mostly lateralized to the left hemisphere of the brain, little is known about the functional mechanisms underlying such hemispheric dominance. The present study investigated intrinsic organization of the whole brain at rest, by means of functional connectivity and graph theoretical analysis, with the aim to characterize brain functional organization underlying typical and atypical language dominance. We included healthy left-handers, both those with typical left-lateralized language and those with atypical right-lateralized language. Results show that 1) differences between typical and atypical language lateralization are associated with functional connectivity within the language system, particularly with weakened connectivity between left inferior frontal gyrus and several other language-related areas; and 2) for participants with atypical language dominance, the degree of lateralization is linked with multiple functional connectivities and graph theoretical metrics of whole brain organization, including local efficiency and small-worldness. This is the first study, to our knowledge, that linked the degree of language lateralization to global topology of brain networks. These results reveal that typical and atypical language dominance mainly differ in functional connectivity within the language system, and that atypical language dominance is associated with whole-brain organization.
Validation of the person-centred coordinated care experience questionnaire (P3CEQ)
Authors: Lloyd Helen , Fosh Ben , Whalley Ben , Byng Richard , Close James 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Background
Measuring patient experiences of healthcare is increasingly emphasized as a mechanism to measure, benchmark and drive quality improvement, clinical effectiveness and patient safety at both national and local NHS level. Person-centred coordinated care (P3C) is the conjunction of two constructs; person-centred care and care coordination. It is a complex intervention requiring support for changes to organizational structure and the behaviour of professionals and patients. P3C can be defined as: ‘care and support that is guided by and organized effectively around the needs and preferences of individuals’. Despite the vast array of PRMS available, remarkably few tools have been designed that efficiently probe the core domains of P3C. This paper presents the psychometric properties of a newly developed PREM to evaluate P3C from a patient perspective.

Methods
A customized EMIS search was conducted at 72 GP practices across the South West (Somerset, Devon and Cornwall) to identify 100 patients with 1 or more LTCs, and are frequent users of primary healthcare services. Partial Credit Rasch Modelling was conducted to identify dimensionality and internal consistency. Ecological validity and sensitivity to change were assessed as part of intervention designed to improve P3C in adults with multiple long-term conditions; comparisons were drawn between the P3CEQ and qualitative data.

Results
Response rate for the P3CEQ was 32.82%. A two-factor model was identified. Rasch analysis confirmed unidimensionality of each factor (using infit MSQ values between 0.5 and 1.5). High internal consistency was established for both factors; For the Person-centred scale Cronbach’s Alpha = 0.829, Person separation = 0.756 and for the coordination scale Cronbach’s alpha = 0.783, person separation = 0.672.

Conclusions
The P3CEQ is a valid and reliable measure of P3C. The P3C is considered to have strong face, construct and ecological validity, with demonstrable sensitivity to change in a primary healthcare intervention.
Low-Carbohydrate Diet Score and Macronutrient Intake in Relation to Survival After Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis
Authors: Song Mingyang , Wu Kana , Meyerhardt Jeffrey A , Yilmaz Omer , Wang Molin , Ogino Shuji , Fuchs Charles S , Giovannucci Edward L , Chan Andrew T 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Background
A low-carbohydrate diet may improve cancer survival, but relevant clinical evidence remains limited.

Methods
We followed 1542 stages I to III colorectal cancer (CRC) patients who completed a validated food frequency questionnaire between 6 months and 4 years after diagnosis. We calculated overall, animal-, and plant-rich, low-carbohydrate diet scores and examined their associations with CRC-specific and overall mortality using Cox proportional hazards regression after adjusting for potential predictors for cancer survival. We also assessed the intake and changes of macronutrients after diagnosis. Statistical tests were two-sided.

Results
Although no association was found for overall and animal-rich low-carbohydrate diet score, plant-rich, low-carbohydrate diet, which emphasizes plant sources of fat and protein with moderate consumption of animal products, was associated with lower CRC-specific mortality (hazard ratio [HR] comparing extreme quartiles = 0.37, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.25 to 0.57, Ptrend < .001). Carbohydrate intake was associated with higher CRC-specific mortality, and this association was restricted to carbohydrate consumed from refined starches and sugars (HR per one-SD increment = 1.36, 95% CI = 1.14 to 1.62, Ptrend < .001). In contrast, replacing carbohydrate with plant fat and protein was associated with lower CRC-specific mortality, with the HR per one-SD increment of 0.81 (95% CI = 0.69 to 0.95, Ptrend = .01) for plant fat and 0.77 (95% CI = 0.62 to 0.95, Ptrend = .02) for plant protein. Similar results were obtained for overall mortality and when changes in macronutrient intake after diagnosis were assessed.

Conclusion
Plant-rich, low-carbohydrate diet score was associated with lower mortality in patients with nonmetastatic CRC. Substituting plant fat and protein for carbohydrate, particularly that from refined starches and sugars, may improve patients’ survival.
Genetic Predisposition to Symptomatic Lumbar Disk Herniation in Pediatric and Young Adult Patients
Authors: Theodore Nicholas , Ahmed Ali Karim , Fulton Travis , Mousses Spyro , Yoo Christopher , Goodwin Courtney Rory , Danielson Jill , Sciubba Daniel M. , Giers Morgan B. , Kalani Mohammad Yashar S. 
Published: November 2018

Study Design.
Case-control whole-genome sequencing analysis of a highly select, young cohort with symptomatic lumbar disk herniation (LDH) compared with the standard variation in a large reference population.

Objective.
To assess genetic influences predisposing pediatric and young adult patients to symptomatic LDH.

Summary of Background Data.
LDH has traditionally been attributed to natural weakening or mechanical insult, but recent literature supports a potential genetic influence.

Methods.
Young patients with symptomatic, clinically confirmed LDH who underwent surgical treatment were included. Patients were younger than the average age of presentation, limiting the influence of environmental risks. DNA collected from these patients was compared with a reference genome (1000 Genomes Project). A genome-wide association study using whole-genome sequencing was used to characterize genetic mutations potentially associated with LDH.

Results.
Among the 61 candidate genes flagged, 20 had missense mutations in 2 or more LDH cases. Missense mutations in collagen-encoding genes were observed in 12 of 15 patients (80%). A potential association with clinical presentation was indicated by odds ratios of key single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) variants in genes that encode collagen. Relative to the reference population, the LDH cohort demonstrated two statistically significant SNP variants in the gene encoding for aggrecan, a protein that facilitates load-bearing properties in the cartilaginous end plate. Aggrecan genes SNPs rs3817428 and rs11638262 were significantly associated with decreased odds of symptomatic LDH: odds ratio 0.05 (0.02–0.11) and 0.04 (0–0.26), respectively (P < 1 × 10–7 for both).

Conclusion.
These results suggest that collagen-encoding variants may be a genetic risk factor for LDH. They also shed new light on the role of variants that impact aggrecan, which sustains the cartilaginous end plate. Genetic predisposition to LDH may therefore be related to a multimodal combination of mutations that affect the nucleus pulposus, annulus fibrosus, and the cartilaginous end plates.

Level of Evidence: 4