bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tryptophan immunoadsorption during pregnancy and breastfeeding in patients with acute relapse of multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica
Authors: Hoffmann Frank , Kraft Andrea , Heigl Franz , Mauch Erich , Koehler Jürgen , Harms Lutz , Kümpfel Tania , Köhler Wolfgang , Ehrlich Sven , Bayas Antonios , Weinmann-Menke Julia , Beuker Carolin , Henn Karl-Heinz , Ayzenberg Ilya , Ellrichmann Gisa , Hellwig Kerstin , Klingel Reinhard , Fassbender Cordula Marie , Fritz Harald , Slowinski Torsten , Weihprecht Horst , Brand Marcus , Stiegler Thomas , Galle Jan , Schimrigk Sebastian 
Published: May 2018

Background: Up to every fourth woman with multiple sclerosis (MS) or neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) suffers a clinically relevant relapse during pregnancy. High doses of steroids bear some serious risks, especially within the first trimester of pregnancy. Immunoadsorption (IA) is an effective and more selective treatment option in disabling MS relapse than plasma exchange. Data on the use of IA during pregnancy and breastfeeding are scarce. Methods: In this retrospective multicenter study, we analyzed the safety and efficacy of IA treatment in acute relapses during pregnancy or breastfeeding. The primary outcome parameter - change of acute relapse-related disability after IA - was assessed using Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) and visual acuity (VA) measurements for patients with optic neuritis (ON). Results: A total of 24 patients were analyzed, 23 with relapsing–remitting MS, and 1 with NMOSD. Twenty patients were treated with IA during pregnancy. Four patients received IA postnatally during the breastfeeding period. Treatment was started at a mean 22.5 [standard deviation (SD) 13.9] days after onset of relapse. Patients were treated with a series of 5.8 (mean, SD 0.7) IA treatments within 7–10 days. Sixteen patients received IA because of steroid-refractory relapse, eight were treated without preceding steroid pulse therapy. EDSS improved clinically relevant from 3.5 [median, interquartile range (IQR) 2] before IA to 2.5 (median, IQR 1.1) after IA, p < 0.001. In patients with ON, VA improved in four out of five patients. Altogether, in 83% of patients, a rapid and marked improvement of relapse-related symptoms was observed after IA with either a decrease of ⩾1 EDSS grade or improvement in VA ⩾20%. No clinically relevant side effect was reported in 138 IA treatments. Conclusions: Tryptophan-IA was found to be effective and well tolerated in MS/NMOSD relapses, both as an escalation option after insufficient response to steroid pulse therapy and as first-line relapse treatment during pregnancy and breastfeeding.
Establishing catheter-related bloodstream infection surveillance to drive improvement
Authors: Hallam Carole , Jackson Tim , Rajgopal Anu , Russell Belinda 
Published: May 2018

Background: Catheter-related blood stream infections (CRBSI) are an important complication of central venous access devices but are often poorly measured. This article describes the journey of one hospital trust to set up a surveillance process for CRBSI across all specialties of the trust and to reduce CRBSI. Method: Using a locally adapted CRBSI criteria and root cause analysis (RCA) for investigation we identified a number of opportunities for a quality improvement programme. Findings: Over a 5-year period we saw a significant and sustained reduction in the rate of CRBSI from 5 per 1000 catheter days to 0.23 per 1000 catheter days. Conclusions: The surveillance enabled rates of CRBSI to be monitored across the trust and the success of our improvements to be measured.
The association between endometriosis and the risk of LBW: A meta-analysis
Authors: Jenabi Ensiyeh , Fereidooni Bita 
Published: May 2018

Background: Many observational services have been conducted to evaluate the risk factors of low birth weight, but the results showed no consistency. Therefore, we conducted this meta-analysis to investigate the association between endometriosis (body mass index) and the risk of low birth weight. Methods: Relevant works that were published in major international electronic databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, LILACS, SciELO, and Cochrane were systematically searched until February 2018. Begg’s and Egger’s tests were used to determine publication bias in included studies. The random-effects model was carried out to determine the odds ratio. Results: A meta-analysis of the 12 studies proposed a significant association between endometriosis and the risk of low birth weight (odds ratio = 1.34, 95% confidence interval = 1.08–1.60). The subgroup analysis was carried out based on the design, adjusted form, and use of assisted reproductive technology in studies. The pooled results based on subgroup analysis in case–control and cohort studies were 1.46 (0.79–2.12) and 1.32 (1.02–1.62), respectively. There was significant correlation between endometriosis and low birth weight in cohort studies. Also, heterogeneity was not reported among studies in the subgroup based on adjusted form. There was no significant correlation between endometriosis and low birth weight in studies using assisted reproductive technology methods Conclusion: The systematic review and meta-analysis showed that endometriosis increases the risk of low birth weight. Therefore, it is a risk factor for low birth weight.
The contributions and future direction of Program Science in HIV/STI prevention
Authors: Becker Marissa , Mishra Sharmistha , Aral Sevgi , Bhattacharjee Parinita , Lorway Rob , Green Kalada , Anthony John , Isac Shajy , Emmanuel Faran , Musyoki Helgar , Lazarus Lisa , Thompson Laura H. , Cheuk Eve , Blanchard James F. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Background
Program Science is an iterative, multi-phase research and program framework where programs drive the scientific inquiry, and both program and science are aligned towards a collective goal of improving population health.

Discussion
To achieve this, Program Science involves the systematic application of theoretical and empirical knowledge to optimize the scale, quality and impact of public health programs. Program Science tools and approaches developed for strategic planning, program implementation, and program management and evaluation have been incorporated into HIV and sexually transmitted infection prevention programs in Kenya, Nigeria, India, and the United States.

Conclusion
In this paper, we highlight key scientific contributions that emerged from the growing application of Program Science in the field of HIV and STI prevention, and conclude by proposing future directions for Program Science.
The effect of non-contributory pensions on labour supply and private income transfers: evidence from Singapore
Authors: Chen Yanying , Tan Yi Jin 
Published: May 2018

AbstractNon-contributory pensions are becoming increasingly prevalent worldwide. As their effects are likely to be context-dependent, evaluating their effects in a wide range of settings is important for establishing the external validity of the non-contributory pension literature. We use a new monthly panel dataset and a difference-in-differences strategy to study the effect of a new non-contributory pension in Singapore (the Silver Support Scheme or SSS) on labour supply, work expectations, private cash transfers, and expenditure, 1 year after its implementation. We find no evidence that receiving SSS payouts led to a fall in labour supply, work expectations, or the receipt of private cash transfers in the first year after SSS implementation—our estimated effects for these outcomes are statistically insignificant and are either negative but close to zero or positive. Our point estimates of the effects of receiving SSS payouts on expenditure are positive but too imprecise to allow us to make any definitive conclusions. Lastly, we do not find evidence of anticipatory effects among younger individuals who are not age-eligible for payouts yet. These results, when coupled with our finding in a companion paper that the SSS improved recipients’ subjective well-being, suggest that the SSS was successful in improving recipients’ welfare without substantial crowding out of private transfers or changes in labour market behaviour of current and future SSS beneficiaries.
Longitudinal Trajectories of Gestational Thyroid Function: A New Approach to Better Understand Changes in Thyroid Function
Authors: Pop Victor , Broeren Maarten , Wijnen Hennie , Endendijk Joyce , van Baar Anneloes , Wiersinga Wilmar , Williams Graham R 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

Context
Most studies of thyroid function changes during pregnancy use a cross-sectional design comparing means between groups rather than similarities within groups.

Objective
Latent class growth analysis (LCGA) is a novel approach to investigate longitudinal changes that provide dynamic understanding of the relationship between thyroid status and advancing pregnancy.

Design
Prospective observational study with repeated assessments.

Setting
General community.

Patients
Eleven hundred healthy women were included at 12 weeks’ gestation.

Main Outcome Measures
The existence of both free T4 (fT4) and TSH trajectories throughout pregnancy determined by LCGA.

Results
LCGA revealed three trajectory classes. Class 1 (n = 1019; 92.4%), a low increasing TSH reference group, had a gradual increase in TSH throughout gestation (from 1.1 to 1.3 IU/L). Class 2 (n = 30; 2.8%), a high increasing TSH group, displayed the largest increase in TSH (from 1.9 to 3.3 IU/L). Class 3 (n = 51; 4.6%), a decreasing TSH group, had the largest fall in TSH (from 3.2 to 2.4 IU/L). Subclinical hypothyroidism at 12 weeks occurred in up to 60% of class 3 women and was accompanied by elevated thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPO-Ab) titers (50%) and a parental history of thyroid dysfunction (23%). In class 2, 70% of women were nulliparous compared with 46% in class 1 and 49% in class 3.

Conclusions
LCGA revealed distinct trajectories of longitudinal changes in fT4 and TSH levels during pregnancy in 7.4% of women. These trajectories were correlated with parity and TPO-Ab status and followed patterns that might reflect differences in pregnancy-specific immune tolerance between nulliparous and multiparous women.
Epidemiology of Childhood Hyperthyroidism in France: A Nationwide Population-Based Study
Authors: Simon Marie , Rigou Annabel , Le Moal Joëlle , Zeghnoun Abdelkrim , Le Tertre Alain , De Crouy-Chanel Perrine , Kaguelidou Florentia , Leger Juliane 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

Context
Hyperthyroidism affects all age groups, but epidemiological data for children are scarce.

Objective
To perform a nationwide epidemiological survey of hyperthyroidism in children and adolescents.

Design
A cross-sectional descriptive study.

Setting
Identification of entries corresponding to reimbursements for antithyroid drugs in the French national insurance database.

Participants
All cases of childhood hyperthyroidism (6 months to 17 years of age) in 2015.

Main Outcome Measures
National incidence rate estimated with a nonlinear Poisson model and spatial distribution of cases.

Results
A total of 670 cases of childhood hyperthyroidism were identified. Twenty patients (3%) had associated autoimmune or genetic disease, with type 1 diabetes and Down syndrome the most frequent. The annual incidence for 2015 was 4.58/100,000 person-years (95% CI 3.00 to 6.99/100,000). Incidence increased with age, in both sexes. This increase accelerated after the age of 8 in girls and 10 in boys and was stronger in girls. About 10% of patients were affected before the age of 5 years (sex ratio 1.43). There was an interaction between age and sex, the effect of being female increasing with age: girls were 3.2 times more likely to be affected than boys in the 10 to 14 years age group and 5.7 times more likely to be affected in the 15 to 17 years age group. No conclusions about spatial pattern emerged.

Conclusion
These findings shed light on the incidence of hyperthyroidism and the impact of sex on this incidence during childhood and adolescence. The observed incidence was higher than expected from the results published for earlier studies in Northern European countries.
A comparative study analysing two pain score scales pre and post operatively on felines undergoing surgery for ovariohysterectomy
Authors: Tomlinson Ellie , Reynolds Helen 
Published: May 2018

Background: Over time, the implementation and utilisation of pain scoring has increased in veterinary practice and is now regularly performed on cats, dogs and rabbits helping to increase welfare standards. There are a number of different types of pain scales including the visual analogue scale (VAS), the dynamic interactive visual analogues scale (DIVAS) as well as simple descriptive scale (SDS). Aim: The Colorado State University feline acute pain scale (DIVAS) and the Vetergesic composite pain scale for cats (SDS) are two pain scoring models which use a different method in order to assess pain levels in feline patients. This blind study aimed to compare the use of each pain scale model pre and post operatively on feline patients undergoing surgery for ovariohysterectomy, to ascertain if either pain score model posed any benefit over the other in terms of its accuracy. Methods: A total of 14 female cats participated and were randomly assigned a group. In order to compare the results the scales were converted into comparable numerical values as each model used a different scale; the scales were compared using the statistical software package ‘Minitab’. Results: The results were not statistically significant (Man Whitney U test p value of >0.05) suggesting that both pain score models used within this study in felines patients undergoing ovariohysterectomy can be relied on to give an accurate reflection of the cat's pain level and are therefore beneficial to the cat's welfare.
QUANTIFICATION OF TOTAL FLAVONOID CONTENT IN THE AERIAL PART AND IN THE TINCTURE OF IRIS LACTEA (IRIDACEAE)
Authors: Загорулько (Zagorulko) Елена (Elena) Юрьевна (Jur'evna) , Ожигова (Ozhigova) Мария (Marija) Георгиевна (Georgievna) , Чемесова (Chemesova) Ирина (Irina) Ивановна (Ivanovna) , Лужанин (Luzhanin) Владимир (Vladimir) Геннадьевич (Gennad'evich) 
Published: May 2018

Iris lactea Pall.of Iridaceae Juss. family contains a complex of biologically active substances with antiviral, immunomodulatory, adaptogenic, antihypoxic, cardiostimulatory and antitumor properties, Thus, the herbal substance and dosage forms on its basis are promising in medicine.The main groups of active substances in the aerial part of Iris Lactea are flavonoids and xanthones. There is a known method of chromatospectrophotometric quantification of total xanthone content calculated as alpisarin. Meanwhile, the development of a convenient method of quantification of total flavonoid content in the aerial part of Iris lactea and drugs on its basis is currently important.The aims of this work are to develop a method of quantification of total flavonoid content calculated as apigenin in the aerial part of Iris lactea and in its tincture, using the differential spectrophotometry method according to the complexation reaction with aluminium chloride solution;to prove reliability and accuracy of this method for the analysis of Iris Lactea tincture in terms of the following factors: specificity, linearity, validity, precision, and repeatability.As a result of verification data analysis, the developed method of quantification of total flavonoid content calculated as apigenin can be admitted for standardization of Iris Lactea herbal substance and tincture.
Qualidade da água do reservatório de Nossa Senhora das Dores através do índice de qualidade da água de reservatório
Authors: Silva Anamália Ferreira da , Garcia Carlos Alexandre Borges , Costa Silvânio Silvério Lopes da , Santos Nilson Cesar Menezes , Silva Joel Marques da , Garcia Helenice Leite 
Published: May 2018

O atual estudo objetivou avaliar a qualidade sazonal da água do Açude Público, reservatório localizado no município de Nossa Senhora das Dores - Sergipe. Este pertence à sub-bacia do rio Siriri, encontrando-se nas coordenadas 10°29’31,32’’S – 37°11’11,83’’O. A etapa de monitoramento realizou-se no período de 2014 a 2016, com a amostragem nos períodos seco e chuvoso. As medidas de temperatura da água e profundidade foram realizadas in situ, os demais parâmetros foram armazenados, refrigerados e levados ao laboratório para as análises. Quanto ao Índice de Qualidade de Água de Reservatório - IQAR, o Açude Público possui Classe IV- criticamente degradado a poluído, tanto para o período seco quanto para o período chuvoso. Em relação a comparação com a legislação vigente, Resolução CONAMA 357/05, o reservatório encontra-se impróprio para o uso. Através das análises, conclui-se que há indícios de que o reservatório encontra-se eutrofizado e fora dos padrões da legislação vigente.
Swat model for in potential contamination a tributary of the rio São Francisco, Brazil
Authors: Vasco Anderson Nascimento , Aguiar Netto Antenor de Oliveira , Britto Fábio Brandão , Silva Marinoé Gonzaga da 
Published: May 2018

O uso e ocupação do solo nas planícies inundáveis na bacia hidrográfica do rio Betume vem acarretando graves impactos ambientais entre eles: contaminação do solo e água por agrotóxicos provenientes da agricultura e pecuária. A modelagem ambiental é uma ferramenta útil para subsidiar a gestão e o manejo de uma bacia hidrográfica, permitindo prever os diferentes impactos das atividades antrópicas na água e no solo. O modelo SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) permite avaliar impactos provocados pela alteração do uso do solo sobre os processos hidrológicos e a dinâmica de agrotóxicos em uma bacia hidrográfica. Este estudo tem como objetivo simular a potencialidade de contaminação dos agrotóxicos no rio Betume, por meio da rizicultura. Foram gerados dois cenários para aplicação de agrotóxico na área da rizicultura: solúvel em água e dissolvido no sedimento, padronizando a quantidade de agrotóxico aplicado no arroz, conforme indicações do fabricante em diferentes períodos. Durante os anos de 2013 a 2014, foram feitas 12 campanhas de monitoramento para avaliar a contaminação por diferentes agrotóxicos nas águas superficiais do rio Betume. Foi constatada a presença dos fungicidas, tebuconazole e tetrabuconazole e do carrapaticida clorpirifós. Desta forma, buscou-se através do ArcSWAT gerar cenário, com o agrotóxico solúvel em água. Com o resultado constatou-se a presença de concentração do Tebuconazole solúvel na água, mais atenuante entre os dados simulados e observados, isto pode ser explicado pela sua maior solubilidade em água e aplicação mais frequente, deste princípio ativo, pelos produtores, no combate a praga do Brusone.
Aplicação de um Índice de Qualidade de Água para o sistema de abastecimento público
Authors: Silva Rômulo André Santos , Maynard Isabella Nascimento Ferreira , Barbosa Andréa Quaranta , Tolle Eni Cardoso , Cavalcante Eliane Bezerra , Marrques Maria Nogueira 
Published: May 2018

Este trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar a qualidade das águas do sistema de abastecimento do município de Rosário do Catete, Sergipe, aplicando o Índice de Qualidade de Água do Conselho Canadense do Ministério do Meio Ambiente (IQA-CCME). Foram coletadas amostras nos períodos seco (fev/16) e chuvoso (jul/16) em quatro pontos, sendo um ponto de água subterrânea, fonte caldas (P1), e três pontos de água tratada, sendo estes: poço Cipó (P2), reservatório (P3) e rede de distribuição (P4). Os valores máximos permitidos (VMP) utilizados como referência foram os estabelecidos pela resolução CONAMA 396/08, para água subterrânea e portaria de potabilidade do MS 2914/11 para água tratada. Na aplicação do IQA-CCME quase todas as amostras foram classificadas como ótimas, exceto, a amostra do P1 no mês de julho de 2016 que foi classificada como ruim, com IQA igual a 46. Deste modo, o IQA CCME apresentou-se como uma ótima ferramenta para avaliar amostras de água de diversas fontes, e neste trabalho, o seu cálculo indicou que a água distribuída a população do município é de excelente qualidade.
Compostagem como proposta didática para falar sobre solos no ensino fundamental
Authors: Lustosa Maria Aparecida Felix Soares , Santos Larissa Araújo , Freitas Amanda de Lira , Vital Adriana de Fátima Meira 
Published: May 2018

A vida moderna propicia uma crescente demanda de resíduos, chamados popularmente de lixo, cuja disposição inadequada constitui um dos principais problemas ambientais, sendo urgentes medidas que estimulem nas escolas a prática da reciclagem dos resíduos orgânicos. O trabalho foi realizado na Escola Municipal Ensino Fundamental Manuel Nunes Trindade, município de Mãe D´Água, Paraíba, com alunos de faixa etária entre 10 (dez) e 17 (dezessete) anos. O objetivo dessa pesquisa foi apresentar a prática da compostagem em turmas de 6º e 7º anos e verificar, a partir das respostas dos alunos, se esta atividade contribui para dialogar sobre as práticas conservacionistas, na perspectiva da Educação em Solos, buscando a formação cidadã. A pesquisa foi realizada em cinco etapas: aplicação do questionário com 5 (cinco) perguntas e 12 (doze) itens segundo modelo da escala de Likert abordando conteúdos sobre solo, lixo e compostagem. Para condução da pesquisa foram realizadas aulas expositivas e oficina de compostagem. Ao final foi reaplicado o questionário para comparação da aprendizagem. Dos estudantes entrevistados, 69,35% afirmaram ter bom ou muito interesse em estudar sobre a importância da conservação do solo. Após a realização das atividades teórica e prática esse percentual alterou-se para 88,71%. Inicialmente 43,55%, dos alunos percebiam que o lixo provocava contaminação do solo e apresentaram pouco conhecimento sobre o que é a compostagem. Com a realização das práticas pedagógicas 59,68% dos estudantes conseguiram conceituar corretamente esse processo. Foi possível perceber que a importância do solo e a problemática do lixo são pouco abordadas no ambiente escolar.