bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Life events and depressive symptoms among pregnant women in India: Moderating role of resilience and social support
Authors: Kishore M Thomas , Satyanarayana Veena , Ananthanpillai Supraja Thirumalai , Desai Geetha , Bhaskarapillai Binukumar , Thippeswamy Harish , Chandra Prabha S 
Published: July 2018

Background: Recent life events may be significant risk factors for depression during pregnancy. However, its association with the individual’s resilience and social support is not clear. Aims: To understand the association between life events and depression during pregnancy and whether the association is moderated by resilience and social support. Methods: This study is part of a prospective cohort study on perinatal mental health in an urban antenatal clinic, which included 589 women recruited in the first and early second trimester. Participants were administered the Life Events Checklist adapted from the Social Readjustment Rating Scale by the authors to assess life events; Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale-10 to assess depression and resilience, respectively. The relationship between life events (12 months prior to the time of assessment) and antenatal depression and the moderating role of resilience and social support was analysed. Results: Thirty-eight women (6.5%) who had depression (EPDS score ⩾ 11) had significantly higher number of life events (i.e. on average three; U = 3,826; p < .01), lower resilience scores ( U = 4,053; p < .01) and lower perceived social support ( U = 2,423; p < .01) as compared to those who were negative for depression on EPDS. Life events predicted depression during pregnancy; however, the relationship was moderated by social support but not by resilience. Conclusion: The pregnant women who experienced life events may experience depression during the first trimester of pregnancy, but the effect could possibly be reduced by enhancing the social support.
Massification and the public financing of higher education in Haiti: issues and challenges
Authors: Jacob Sergot 
Published: July 2018

Haitian higher education is changing, but is little studied. This article examines the conditions under which massification recently occurred, on the one hand, and the extent of the inadequacy of public funding since the 1980s, on the other. It highlights that despite faster mass supply to address a social demand that is also rising sharply, the meagre public funding (on average, 0.33% of gross domestic product, and 1.17% of the state budget) devoted to the financing of public universities over the last 30 years has hindered their development. In fact, despite the modest increase in the budget of public universities compared to the state budget, massification ultimately resulted in a reduction in expenditure per student, which does not help to create the conditions for an acceptable level of quality education, and deprives the sector of its ability to play an effective role in the socio-economic development process of the country by first putting itself in a position to reflect on the problems of society and on its evolution. Points for practitioners The system of virtually free studies, funded by the taxpayer, has reached its limits, while institutional mechanisms for regulating massification are essential to protect the consumer and counter the decline in the quality of education. To carve out a better position for the country on the world stage and benefit from the positive externalities of higher education, more public resources must be invested in it. The stake is therefore triple as means must be found, which must be differentiated, not only to fund the universities and the studies themselves, but also to diversify this funding given the limited resources of the state.
Protracted aortic valve closure during peripheral veno-arterial extracorporeal life support: is intra-aortic balloon pump an effective solution?
Authors: Meani Paolo , Delnoij Thijs , Raffa Giuseppe M. , Morici Nuccia , Viola Giovanna , Sacco Alice , Oliva Fabrizio , Heuts Sam , Sels Jan-Willem , Driessen Rob , Roekaerts Paul , Gilbers Martijn , Bidar Elham , Schreurs Rick , Natour Ehsan , Veenstra Leo , Kats Suzanne , Maessen Jos , Lorusso Roberto 
Published: July 2018

Background: Left ventricular (LV) afterload increase with protracted aortic valve (AV) closure may represent a complication of veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-A ECMO). The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of an intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) to overcome such a hemodynamic shortcoming in patients submitted to peripheral V-A ECMO. Methods: Among 184 adult patients who were treated with peripheral V-A ECMO support at Medical University Center Maastricht Hospital between 2007 and 2018, patients submitted to IABP implant for protracted AV closure after V-A ECMO implant were retrospectively identified. All clinical and hemodynamic data, including echocardiographic monitoring, were collected and analyzed. Results: During the study period, 10 subjects (mean age 60 years old, 80% males) underwent IABP implant after peripheral V-A ECMO positioning due to the diagnosis of protracted AV closure and inefficient LV unloading as assessed by echocardiography and an absence of pulsation in the arterial pressure wave. Recovery of blood pressure pulsatility and enhanced LV unloading were observed in 8 patients after IABP placement, with no significant differences in the main hemodynamic parameters, inotropic therapy or in the ECMO flow (p=0.48). The weaning rate in this patient subgroup (mean ECMO duration 8 days), however, was only 10%, with another patient finally transplanted, leading to a 20% survival-to-hospital discharge. Conclusion: IABP placement was an effective solution in order to reverse the protracted AV closure and impaired LV unloading observed during peripheral V-A ECMO support. However, the impact on the weaning rate and survival needs further investigations.
Peripheral neuroblastic tumor of the kidney: case report and review of literature
Authors: Moscheo Carla , Campari Alessandro , Podda Marta Giorgia , Riccipetitoni Giovanna , Collini Paola , Renne Salvatore Lorenzo , Vella Claudio , Napolitano Marcello , Luksch Roberto 
Published: July 2018

Introduction: Peripheral neuroblastic tumors (PNTs) account for 8%–10% of all pediatric tumors. Adrenal glands and sympathetic ganglia are the commonest site of tumor growth. In the clinicopathologic spectrum of PNTs, neuroblastoma and ganglioneuroma are the most primitive and the most mature tumor form, while ganglioneuroblastoma represents an intermediate state of maturation. Surgical resection is the therapy of choice in localized disease, but can lead to serious complications when performed in the presence of certain imaging-defined risk factors. Case presentation: We present a rare case of primary intrarenal ganglioneuroblastoma diagnosed in a teenager who underwent conservative surgery and, despite this, developed upper pole renal ischemia without loss of parenchymal function. Conclusion: We underline the complex management of these extremely rare cases of neuroblastic tumors, which require a dedicated multidisciplinary team.
Neuroprotective effect of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist is independent of glycaemia normalization in type two diabetic rats
Authors: Filchenko Irina , Simanenkova Anna , Chefu Svetlana , Kolpakova Maria , Vlasov Timur 
Published: July 2018

Objective: Stroke is a severe complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists have been shown to have a neuroprotective effect in experimental diabetes. The aim of this study was to determine if their neuroprotective effect is an independent property of the drug independent of glycaemic control. Methods: This two-phase study used male Wistar rats. In the first phase, experimental animals were pretreated with liraglutide, while controls received only vehicle. After transient focal brain ischaemia modelling, neurological deficit and brain infarct volume were measured. In the second phase, the first and the second groups of experimental animals with type 2 diabetes mellitus received liraglutide and metformin, respectively, while control animals with diabetes received only vehicle. After transient focal brain ischaemia modelling, neurological deficit and brain infarct volume were evaluated. Results: Pretreatment with liraglutide in diabetic and non-diabetic animals reduced infarct size as compared to controls, while only non-diabetic liraglutide-treated rats presented neurologic deficit decreases. Despite glycaemia normalization, metformin-treated diabetic rats had no differences in stroke outcome when compared to the control group. Conclusion: The neuroprotective effect of liraglutide is not associated with glycaemic control amelioration in experimental type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Diabetes alters the association between high-density lipoprotein subfractions and carotid intima-media thickness: The Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil)
Authors: Generoso Giuliano , Bensenor Isabela M , Santos Itamar S , Santos Raul D , Goulart Alessandra C , Jones Steven R , Kulkarni Krishnaji R , Blaha Michael J , Toth Peter P , Lotufo Paulo A , Bittencourt Marcio Sommer 
Published: July 2018

Introduction: High-density lipoprotein cholesterol comprises a group of heterogeneous subfractions that might have differential effects on atherosclerosis. Moreover, prior investigations suggest that the presence of diabetes (T2D) modifies the impact of some subfractions on atherosclerosis. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the association between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol subfractions and carotid intima-media thickness in the baseline assessment of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health participants from the São Paulo investigation centre. Methods: We evaluated 3930 individuals between 35 and 74 years without previous cardiovascular disease not using lipid-lowering drugs. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol subfractions (HDL2-C and HDL3-C) were measured by vertical ultracentrifugation (vertical auto profile). The relationship between each high-density lipoprotein cholesterol subfraction and carotid intima-media thickness was analysed by multiple linear regression models. Results: Total high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, as well as HDL2-C and HDL3-C, was negatively associated with carotid intima-media thickness after adjustment for demographic data (all p < 0.001) and traditional risk factors (all p < 0.05). When stratified by T2D status, the HDL2-C/HDL3-C ratio showed a negative association with carotid intima-media thickness in participants with T2D ( p = 0.032), even after fully controlling for confounding variables, including total high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Conclusion: HDL2-C, HDL3-C and HDL2/HDL3-C ratio are inversely associated with carotid intima-media thickness after adjustment for traditional risk factors. Association of the HDL2-C/HDL3-C ratio is modified by the presence of diabetes, being more pronounced in diabetic individuals.
Public Campaign Financing, Candidate Socioeconomic Diversity, and Representational Inequality at the U.S. State Level: Evidence from Connecticut
Authors: Kilborn Mitchell 
Published: July 2018

AbstractConventional wisdom holds that public campaign financing can diversify the socioeconomic makeup of candidate pools and, therefore, of U.S. elected officials, which could make U.S. public policy more responsive to lower socioeconomic status (SES) citizens. I argue that in addition to the absence of a positive relationship between public financing and candidate socioeconomic diversity, public financing, depending on the program design, may, in fact, reduce candidate socioeconomic diversity. Using occupational data on state legislative candidates in public financing state Connecticut and two paired control states to execute a difference in difference analysis, I demonstrate that when public financing is available, fewer low SES candidates run for state legislative office, and those who do run are not more likely to win and are less likely to utilize public financing.
Validation of a Composite Test for Assessment of Readiness for Return to Sports After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: The K-STARTS Test
Authors: Blakeney William G. , Ouanezar Hervé , Rogowski Isabelle , Vigne Gregory , Guen Meven Le , Fayard Jean-Marie , Thaunat Mathieu , Chambat Pierre , Sonnery-Cottet Bertrand 
Published: July 2018

Background: There is limited information on the appropriate timing of return to sports after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. A composite test was developed to assess the athlete’s ability to return to sports after ACL reconstruction: the Knee Santy Athletic Return To Sport (K-STARTS) test. Hypothesis: The K-STARTS test meets validation criteria for an outcome score assessing readiness for return to sports after ACL reconstruction. Study Design: Diagnostic study. Level of Evidence: Level 3. Methods: A prospective comparative study identified 410 participants: 371 participants who had undergone ACL reconstruction and a control group of 39 healthy participants. The K-STARTS score is calculated as the sum of 7 tests (8 components), for a maximal value of 21 points. Construct validity, internal consistency, discriminant validity, and sensitivity to change were used to validate this new test. Results: The K-STARTS assessment showed a high completion rate (100%), high reproducibility (intraclass correlation coefficient, 0.87; coefficient of variation, 7.8%), and high sensitivity to change. There was moderate correlation with the ACL Return to Sports after Injury scale (ACL-RSI) and hop tests. There were no ceiling or floor effects. There was a significant difference between K-STARTS scores assessed at 6 and 8 months postoperatively (11.2 ± 2.7 vs 17.1 ± 3.2; P < 0.001). The K-STARTS score in the control group was significantly higher than that in the ACL reconstruction group (17.3 ± 2.1 and 13.7 ± 3.8, respectively; P < 0.001). Conclusion: The K-STARTS test is an objective outcome measure for functional improvement after ACL reconstruction. Clinical Relevance: It is important for the clinician to determine when return to sports is optimal after ACL reconstruction to reduce the current high risk of reinjury.
Circulating and Synovial Fluid Heat Shock Protein 70 Are Correlated with Severity in Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Ngarmukos Srihatach , Scaramuzza Shaun , Theerawattanapong Nipaporn , Tanavalee Aree , Honsawek Sittisak 
Published: July 2018

Objective Heat shock proteins are molecules rapidly produced under conditions of environmental stress, and involve in protecting the cells structural integrity and function. Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic destructive disorder of the joints manifested by the ongoing deterioration and loss of articular cartilage. The present study aimed to analyze circulating and synovial heat shock protein (Hsp70) values in knee osteoarthritis patients and healthy controls and to determine their relationship with the radiographic grading of the severity of knee OA. Design Seventy-two subjects with knee OA and 30 control participants were recruited. Circulating and joint fluid Hsp70 values were quantified by commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results Circulating Hsp70 was markedly higher in knee OA patients compared with that of healthy volunteers ( P = 0.01). Correspondingly, synovial fluid Hsp70 was 3-fold greater than paired circulating Hsp70 samples ( P < 0.001). Further analysis revealed that circulating and joint fluid Hsp70 values were significantly related with the radiographic severity of knee OA ( r = 0.413, P < 0.001 and r = 0.658, P < 0.001, respectively). Subsequently, circulating Hsp70 value was directly associated with joint fluid Hsp70 value ( r = 0.704, P < 0.001). Conclusions Circulating and synovial Hsp70 levels were positively correlated with the radiographic severity of knee OA. Hsp70 could represent a potential biochemical marker for predicting the severity and may play a fundamental part in the pathogenic mechanism of knee OA.
Prescription Pattern Variability of Biologic Therapies in Treating Psoriasis
Authors: Galli Emily , Liu Guodong , Leslie Doug , Kirby Joslyn , Miller Jeffrey J. 
Published: July 2018

Background: Medical conditions with high variability in clinical costs and outcomes, such as psoriasis, represent a critical area for health-care value improvement. Thus, the prescription pattern variability of psoriasis biologics merits further study. Objective: The purpose of our study was to determine whether there is variation in psoriasis biologic prescribing patterns. Methods: This study analyzed data from the Truven MarketScan Commercial Claims and Encounters database. Patients with International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision psoriasis diagnoses from January 1, 2008, to December 31, 2013, and continuously enrolled for at least 12 months were included. Patient sex, geographic location by census region, and new pharmacy claims for etanercept, adalimumab, and ustekinumab were included. Descriptive and multivariable analyses using logistic regression were performed. Results: Twenty nine thousand seven hundred thirty patients with psoriasis had 36 366 new prescription claims. Statistically significant differences in biologic pharmacy claims existed across US census region and year of claim. The South census region had the most prescriptions (per million population) of each biologic and the greatest increase in new prescriptions for adalimumab and ustekinumab, while the Northeast had the fewest. Etanercept pharmacy claims steadily decreased across all regions over time, while ustekinumab experienced an 8-fold increase. Conclusion: Prescription pattern variability for psoriasis biologics is associated with US census region and year of pharmacy claim.
Defective TAFI activation in hemophilia A mice is a major contributor to joint bleeding
Authors: Wyseure Tine , Cooke Esther J. , Declerck Paul J. , Behrendt Niels , Meijers Joost C. M. , von Drygalski Annette , Mosnier Laurent O. 
Published: July 2018

Key PointsDegree of TAFI activation in HA is a modifier of hemophilic joint bleeding that inversely affects bleeding severity. Defective TAFI activation in severe congenital HA impairs protection against uPA-mediated fibrinolysis in bleeding joints.
RH genotype matching for transfusion support in sickle cell disease
Authors: Chou Stella T. , Evans Perry , Vege Sunitha , Coleman Sarita L. , Friedman David F. , Keller Margaret , Westhoff Connie M. 
Published: July 2018

Key PointsRH genotyping of red cells may improve matching of patients and donors and reduce Rh alloimmunization. RH genotype matching may improve use of an African American blood donor inventory.
CPX-351 (cytarabine and daunorubicin) Liposome for Injection Versus Conventional Cytarabine Plus Daunorubicin in Older Patients With Newly Diagnosed Secondary Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Lancet Jeffrey E. , Uy Geoffrey L. , Cortes Jorge E. , Newell Laura F. , Lin Tara L. , Ritchie Ellen K. , Stuart Robert K. , Strickland Stephen A. , Hogge Donna , Solomon Scott R. , Stone Richard M. , Bixby Dale L. , Kolitz Jonathan E. , Schiller Gary J. , Wieduwilt Matthew J. , Ryan Daniel H. , Hoering Antje , Banerjee Kamalika , Chiarella Michael , Louie Arthur C. , Medeiros Bruno C. 
Published: July 2018

Purpose CPX-351 is a dual-drug liposomal encapsulation of cytarabine and daunorubicin that delivers a synergistic 5:1 drug ratio into leukemia cells to a greater extent than normal bone marrow cells. Prior clinical studies demonstrated a sustained drug ratio and exposure in vivo and prolonged survival versus standard-of-care cytarabine plus daunorubicin chemotherapy (7+3 regimen) in older patients with newly diagnosed secondary acute myeloid leukemia (sAML). Patients and Methods In this open-label, randomized, phase III trial, 309 patients age 60 to 75 years with newly diagnosed high-risk/sAML received one to two induction cycles of CPX-351 or 7+3 followed by consolidation therapy with a similar regimen. The primary end point was overall survival. Results CPX-351 significantly improved median overall survival versus 7+3 (9.56 v 5.95 months; hazard ratio, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.52 to 0.90; one-sided P = .003). Overall remission rate was also significantly higher with CPX-351 versus 7+3 (47.7% v 33.3%; two-sided P = .016). Improved outcomes were observed across age-groups and AML subtypes. The incidences of nonhematologic adverse events were comparable between arms, despite a longer treatment phase and prolonged time to neutrophil and platelet count recovery with CPX-351. Early mortality rates with CPX-351 and 7+3 were 5.9% and 10.6% (two-sided P = .149) through day 30 and 13.7% and 21.2% (two-sided P = .097) through day 60. Conclusion CPX-351 treatment is associated with significantly longer survival compared with conventional 7+3 in older adults with newly diagnosed sAML. The safety profile of CPX-351 was similar to that of conventional 7+3 therapy.
Large-for-Gestational-Age May Be Associated With Lower Fetal Insulin Sensitivity and β-Cell Function Linked to Leptin
Authors: Dong Yu , Luo Zhong-Cheng , Nuyt Anne Monique , Audibert Francois , Wei Shu-Qin , Abenhaim Haim A , Bujold Emmanuel , Julien Pierre , Huang Hong , Levy Emile , Fraser William D ,   3D Cohort Study Group
Published: July 2018

AbstractContextFetal overgrowth is associated with increased risk for type 2 diabetes in adulthood. It is unclear whether there are alterations in insulin sensitivity and β-cell function in early life.ObjectiveTo determine whether large-for-gestational-age (LGA) (birth weight &gt; 90th percentile), an indicator of fetal overgrowth, is associated with altered fetal insulin sensitivity and β-cell function.Study Design, Population, and OutcomesIn the Design, Development, and Discover birth cohort in Canada, we studied 106 pairs of LGA and optimal-for-gestational-age (OGA; birth weight, 25th to 75th percentiles) infants matched by maternal ethnicity, smoking status, and gestational age. Cord plasma glucose-to-insulin ratio was used as an indicator of fetal insulin sensitivity, and proinsulin-to-insulin ratio was used as an indicator of β-cell function. Cord plasma leptin and high-molecular-weight (HMW) adiponectin concentrations were measured.ResultsComparisons of infants who were born LGA vs OGA, adjusted for maternal and newborn characteristics, showed that cord blood insulin, proinsulin, and leptin concentrations were significantly higher, whereas HWM adiponectin concentrations were similar. Glucose-to-insulin ratios were significantly lower (15.4 ± 28.1 vs 22.0 ± 24.9; P = 0.004), and proinsulin-to-insulin ratios significantly higher (0.73 ± 0.82 vs 0.60 ± 0.78; P = 0.005) in LGA vs OGA newborns, indicating lower insulin sensitivity and β-cell function in LGA newborns. These significant differences were almost unchanged after further adjustment for cord blood adiponectin levels but disappeared upon additional adjustment for cord blood leptin levels.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that LGA may be associated with decreases in both fetal insulin sensitivity and β-cell function. The alterations appear to be linked to elevated leptin levels.