bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of DCO-OFDM, ADO-OFDM, HDC-OFDM and HNC-OFDM for Optical Wireless Communications
Authors: Mondal M. Rubaiyat Hossain 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
This paper presents a new form of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) termed as hybrid noise cancelled asymmetrically clipped optical OFDM (HNC-OFDM) for optical wireless communication. This HNC-OFDM is formed by combining the concepts of noise cancelled asymmetrically clipped optical OFDM and DC biased optical OFDM (DCO-OFDM). HNC-OFDM has the same bit error rate (BER) performance and dimming flexibility but less complexity compared to the recently developed hybrid diversity combined OFDM. The optimum DC bias level for HNC-OFDM, DCO-OFDM and asymmetrically clipped DC biased optical OFDM is shown to depend on the target BER, the constellation size, the received signal to noise power ratio, the proportion of DCO-OFDM element, the link type, equalization, etc. Simulations results show that with an optimum bias, HNC-OFDM can outperform others in an average power limited channel, while DCO-OFDM is a better choice for a peak power limited channel.
Early adiposity rebound in patients with Prader-Willi syndrome
Authors: Oto Yuji , Murakami Nobuyuki , Matsubara Keiko , Ogata Hiroyuki , Ihara Hiroshi , Matsubara Tomoyo , Nagai Toshiro 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Background
Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is associated with marked obesity that can lead to severe complications such as diabetes mellitus. Early adiposity rebound (AR) is associated with future obesity and an increased risk of diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome. Previous reports have shown that the onset of AR occurred earlier in diseases that cause obesity. However, there have been no studies focusing on the timing of AR in PWS, or on the effect of growth hormone (GH) treatment on AR. The aim of this study was to explore AR in PWS patients and to analyze the effect of GH treatment on AR.

Methods
This retrospective study evaluated 48 patients, with 16 of the patients found to have AR prior to GH treatment. AR was constructed for each patient using Microsoft Excel, and the exact point of the nadir of body mass index (BMI) following the initial peak was determined. We additionally analyzed the relationship between GH treatment and the timing of AR onset.

Results
AR onset for patients found to have AR before starting GH treatment was 16.0 (13.0–21.0) months. In contrast, AR onset for patients found to have AR after starting GH treatment was 27.5 (23.8–36.3) months. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (p=0.0001). A positive correlation was found between the GH treatment period and AR (p=0.00013).

Conclusion
The median age of AR onset in PWS patients was 16.0 (13.0–21.0) months, and GH treatment might delay the early AR onset.
A sustainable strategy for production and functionalization of nanocelluloses
Authors: Córdova Armando , Afewerki Samson , Alimohammadzadeh Rana , Sanhueza Italo , Tai Cheuk-Wai , Osong Sinke H. , Engstrand Per , Ibrahem Ismail 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
A sustainable strategy for the neat production and surface functionalization of nanocellulose from wood pulp is disclosed. It is based on the combination of organocatalysis and click chemistry (“organoclick” chemistry) and starts with nanocellulose production by organic acid catalyzed hydrolysis and esterification of the pulp under neat conditions followed by homogenization. This nanocellulose fabrication route is scalable, reduces energy consumption and the organic acid can be efficiently recycled. Next, the surface is catalytically engineered by “organoclick” chemistry, which allows for selective and versatile attachment of different organic molecules (e.g. fluorescent probes, catalyst and pharmaceuticals). It also enables binding of metal ions and nanoparticles. This was exemplified by the fabrication of a heterogeneous nanocellulose-palladium nanoparticle catalyst, which is used for Suzuki cross-coupling transformations in water. The disclosed surface functionalization methodology is broad in scope and applicable to different nanocelluloses and cellulose based materials as well.
Prediction of running-induced Achilles tendinopathy with pain sensitivity – a 1-year prospective study
Authors: Brund René B.K. , Rasmussen Sten , Kersting Uwe G. , Arendt-Nielsen Lars , Palsson Thorvaldur Skuli 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Background and aims
Achilles tendinopathy is common among runners, but the etiology remains unclear. High mechanical pain sensitivity may be a predictor of increased risk of developing Achilles tendinopathy in this group. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether local pain sensitivity could predict the development of Achilles tendinopathy in recreational male runners. The overall hypothesis was that high pain sensitivity would be related to a higher risk of developing Achilles tendinopathy among recreational male runners.

Methods
Ninety-nine recreational male runners were recruited and followed prospectively for 1 year. At baseline and after 500 km of running the pressure pain threshold (PPT) was assessed at the infraspinatus and at the Achilles tendon (AT-PPT). Based on the AT-PPT at baseline, a median split was used to divide the runners into two groups. The high pain sensitivity groups was defined as runners displaying a pain pressure threshold below 441 kPa on the Achilles tendon, while the low pain sensitivity group was defined as runners displaying a pain pressure threshold above 441 kPa on the Achilles tendon, respectively. Subsequently, the cumulative risk difference between the two groups was assessed by using the pseudo-observation method.

Results
High pain sensitivity runners sustained 5%-point (95% CI: −0.18 to 0.08) more Achilles tendinopathy episodes during the first 1,500 km. No significant group differences in risk were found at 100, 250, 500, 1,000 and 1,500 km of running.

Conclusions
No significant association was found between mechanical pain sensitivity in the Achilles tendon and the risk of developing Achilles tendinopathy. However, the risk difference indicated a association between a high mechanical pain sensitivity and an increased risk of developing Achilles tendinopathy. It is plausible that changes in pain sensitivity were masked by unmeasured covariates, such as the differences in progression/regression of training volume and running speed between the two groups. This study was limited in size, which limited the possibility to account for covariates, such as differences in progression/regression of running speed between runners. With the limitations in mind, future studies should control the training volume, speed and running shoes in the design or account for it in the analysis.

Implications
Pain sensitivity of the Achilles tendon seems not to be related to an increased risk of developing Achilles pain in relation to running.
Pesticide Formulation and Delivery Systems: 38th Volume, Innovative Application, Formulation, and Adjuvant Technologies
Authors: Fritz Bradley K. , Butts Thomas R. 
Published: November 2018

Description
Get 12 peer-reviewed papers that cover all aspects of technologies and methods that support the application of agrochemical products. Topics include
The featured papers were presented at the 38th Symposium on Pesticide Formulation and Delivery Systems: Innovative Application, Formulation, and Adjuvant Technologies held October 2017 in New Orleans, LA.
Child BMI Over Time and Parent-Perceived Overweight
Authors: Wake Melissa , Kerr Jessica A. , Jansen Pauline W. 
Published: November 2018

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Parents often do not accurately perceive overweight and/or obesity in their children. Changing this is widely considered an essential first step to reducing child overweight, but recent research suggests that, in fact, this could promote greater weight gain. We aimed to determine the directionality over time between higher child adiposity and parental perception of child overweight.

METHODS:
Participants were from 2 cohorts of the population-based Longitudinal Study of Australian Children followed biennially since 2004. Repeated measures of BMI z scores and parental perceptions of overweight were available for the kindergarten cohort at 6 waves (ages 4–5, 6–7, 8–9, 10–11, 12–13, and 14–15 years; n = 4632) and for the birth cohort at 4 waves (ages 2–3, 4–5, 8–9, and 10–11 years; n = 4445). Bidirectionality between overweight perception and BMI z score was examined by using cross-lagged regression models.

RESULTS:
In both cohorts, wave-on-wave lagged effects were strong (all: P &lt; .001) but much larger from BMI z score to parent perception. For every unit increase in the BMI z score, the odds of a child being perceived as overweight in the next wave ranged from 2.9 (birth cohort: age 2–3 years) to 10.4 (kindergarten cohort: age 6–7 years). These effects were ∼3 to 12 times larger than the reverse, whereby the perception of overweight predicted 0.2 to 0.5 higher BMI z score in the next wave.

CONCLUSIONS:
Higher child BMI z scores strikingly predicted a subsequent parental perception of child overweight. Parent-perceived overweight preceded rising (not falling) BMI, but these effects were small. Clinician efforts to make parents aware of overweight may not be harmful but seem unlikely to improve children’s BMI status.
Entomological and acarological investigations in the institutions of NAS of Ukraine: development, achievements (to the 100th anniversary of the national academy of sciences of Ukraine)
Authors: Cherney L. S. , Nazarenko V. Yu. , Martynova K. V. , Krut M. V. 
Published: November 2018

The article briefly describes the main directions of scientific activity of entomologists and acarologists of institutions of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine during past 100 years.
Synthesis, crystal structure and electrophysical properties of triple molybdates containing silver, gallium and divalent metals
Authors: Kotova Irina Yu. , Savina Aleksandra A. , Vandysheva Alena I. , Belov Dmitry A. , Stefanovich Sergey Yu. 
Published: November 2018

A possibility of the triple molybdates formation with both NASICON-like and NaMg3In(MoO4)5 structures in the Ag2MoO4–AMoO4–Ga2(MoO4)3 (A = Mn, Co, Zn, Ni) systems was studied by powder X-ray diffraction analysis. It was established that NASICON-like phases Ag1−xA1−xGa1+x(MoO4)3 are not formed. The triple molybdates AgA3Ga(MoO4)5 (A = Mn, Co, Zn) isostructural to triclinic NaMg3In(MoO4)5 (sp. gr. P`1, Z = 2) were synthesized and characterized. The structure of the obtained compounds was refined for AgZn3Ga(MoO4)5 according to the powder data by the Rietveld method. The structure consists of MoO4 tetrahedra, couples of edge-shared M(1)O6 octahedra, and trimers of edge-shared M(2)O6-, M(3)O6- and M(4)O6 octahedra, which are linked by the common vertices to form a 3D framework. High-temperature conductivity measurements revealed that the conductivity of AgMn3Ga(MoO4)5 at 500 °С reaches 10-2 S/cm, which is close to one of the known NASICON-type ionic conductors.
Doğum İndüksiyonunun başarısını öngörmede sonografik servikal uzunluk ölçümünün, Bishop skorlamasıyla karşılaştırılması
Authors: TÜRKYILMAZ Gürcan , AYDIN Ayşe Göksun , YILDIRIM Alkan 
Published: November 2018

Giriş: Tüm gebeliklerin
yaklaşık % 20–30’unda doğum eylemi için indüksiyon gerekli olup, doğum indüksiyonu artmış sezaryen oranı ile
ilişkilidir. İndüksiyon başarısını
öngörmede prosedür öncesi serviksin klinik veya USG ile değerlendirilmesi
kullanılmakta ve en çok Bishop skorlaması tercih edilmektedir.Amaç: Bu çalışmada term
gebelerde indüksiyonun başarısını göstermede sonografik servikal
uzunluk ölçümünün, Bishop skorlamasıyla karşılaştırılmasını hedefledik. Gereç-yöntem: Bu prospektif
gözlemsel klinik çalışmada, kliniğimize başvuran, doğum indüksiyonu uygulanan 37-41
gestasyonel haftalık, uterin cerrahi öyküsü olmayan, baş prezentasyonu 126 tekil
gebe değerlendirildi. Hastanın yaşı, gestasyonel haftası, indüksiyon nedeni,
gravida, parite, tahmini fetal ağırlık, doğum şekli, Bishop skoru, sonografik
servikal uzunluk değerleri kaydedildi. Bulgular: Bishop
skoru 5 ve altında olan grupta sezaryen (%54,8), Bishop skoru 5’in üzerinde
olan grupta ise vajinal doğum (%84,4) çoğunluktaydı. Fark analizi
sonuçlarına göre Bishop skorunun, doğum indüksiyonu başarısını göstermede
istatistiksel olarak anlamlı tanısal değerinin olduğu saptandı (p&lt;0,001). Parite, doğum şekli, Bishop skor gruplarına göre anlamlı
farklılık göstermekteydi. Doğum şekli servikal uzunluğa göre her iki grupta da
vaginal yolla olanlar çoğunlukta bir dağılım gösterdi (sırasıyla %69,6 ve
%59,6) ve gruplar arasındaki farklar istatistiksel olarak anlamlı değildi
(p&gt;0,05).
Parite ve vajinal doğum oranları her
iki servikal uzunluk grubunda da benzerdi. Fark analizi sonuçları ise 25 mm
değerine göre yapılan servikal uzunluk gruplarında farkların istatistiksel
olarak anlamlı olmadığını gösterdi. Servikal uzunluk ile sezaryen doğum
tahminde cut-off değeri 25 mm seçildiğinde sensivite %52,3 ve spesivite ise
%58,5 olarak bulundu.

Sonuç: Bishop skoru ve
parite başarılı bir doğum indüksiyonu için iyi prediktörler olarak bulundu.
Servikal uzunluk ölçümünün ise indüksiyon başarısını öngörmede yararı olmadığı
gösterildi.
USO DE CAROÇOS DE AÇAIZEIRO, PALMITEIRO E FIBRAS DE PERICARPO DE COCO VERDE COMO SUBSTRATOS PARA A ORQUÍDEA OLHO DE BONECA
Authors: Venturieri Giorgini Augusti , Teixeira Thiago Nunes , Batista Barwinski Marina Juliana 
Published: November 2018

RESUMO: A orquídea olho de boneca (Dendrobium nobile), é uma espécie ornamental originária do Sudeste Asiático, de fácil cultivo, com floração abundante durante a primavera, sendo hoje a orquídea de menor preço do mercado e por isto uma das mais comercializadas. Os derivados do caule do xaxim (Dicksonia sellowiana) têm sido reputados como os melhores substratos para orquídeas, mas devido a sua sobrexploração, a sua coleta e uso foram proibidos e, desde então, substratos alternativos vêm sendo buscados. No presente trabalho foi estudada a influência de diferentes substratos na sobrevivência, altura, número de brotos laterais (“Keikes”) e no vigor da orquídea olho de boneca. Os tratamentos foram: 1) pó de xaxim - considerado como a testemunha; 2) pó de xaxim mais caroços de palmiteiro na proporção de 1:1; 3) fibras de pericarpo de coco verde (Coccus nucifera) lavadas; 4) fibras de pericarpo de coco verde; 5) caroços secos de palmiteiro (Euterpe edulis); 6) caroços secos de açaizeiro (E. oleracea). Os substratos feitos com caroços de palmiteiro e fibras de pericarpo de coco verde lavadas não diferiram estatisticamente dos substratos formulado somente com o pó de xaxim ou a mistura de pó de xaxim: caroços de palmiteiro e, portanto, podem ser usados como alternativos ao pó de xaxim. Devido à elevada disponibilidade de cocos verdes, caroços de açaizeiro e de palmiteiro, sugere-se que melhorias nas formulações e no manejo das plantas cultivadas sobre os substratos que os usem como base, continuem sendo buscadas. São sugeridas: a mescla com outros materiais e sistemas de adubação e de irrigação, para melhorarem o seu desempenho e o uso de espécies de orquídeas mais adaptadas a tais substratos. PALAVRAS CHAVE: Formulação, Substrato alternativo, Xaxim.
FOTOSSÍNTESE EM DIFERENTES GENÓTIPOS DE FEIJOEIRO
Authors: Da Silva Luzia Pereira , Ramos Maria Lucrecia Gerosa , Cruz Andre Freire , Junior Walter Quadros Ribeiro , Rodrigues Gustavo , Oliveira Sebastiao Alberto de , Calbo Maria Elisa 
Published: November 2018

RESUMO: O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de taxa de fotossíntese (TF), condutância estomática (CE), matéria seca total de raiz e parte aérea, área foliar e clorofila a, clorofila b e clorofila total, sobre a produtividade em genótipos de feijoeiro. Foram realizados dois experimentos, um em campo (CP), no município de Cristalina – GO, e outro em casa de vegetação (CV), na Estação Experimental da Universidade de Brasília - DF, entre Agosto e Novembro de 2002... Na avaliação da TF e CE, utilizou-se o analisador portátil de gás por infravermelho. O teor de clorofila foi determinado pelo método de extração acetona 80% e leitura em espectrofotômetro. A biomassa vegetal foi determinada pelo método da secagem e pesagem. A área foliar foi determinada utilizando-se o medidor de área foliar. Os genótipos apresentaram valores diferenciados para a maioria dos parâmetros avaliados, tanto em campo como em casa de vegetação. Não houve correlação na maioria das combinações que envolveram épocas de avaliação, local de experimento (campo e casa de vegetação) e genótipos avaliados. O teor de clorofila não se correlacionou com qualquer dos parâmetros analisados. A taxa de fotossíntese na fase R7 apresentou correlação positiva (r = 0,627) com a produção de grão. Os demais fatores não se correlacionaram. A fase R7 foi a melhor época para avaliar o efeito da fotossíntese na produção de grãos. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Área foliar, Clorofila, Condutância estomática, Matéria seca, Produtividade, Taxa de fotossíntese.
SISTEMA PRODUTIVO DA LARANJA ORGÂNICA E SUAS IMPLICAÇÕES: ESTUDO NO SÍTIO SOS AGROECOLÓGICO, NORDESTE PARAENSE
Authors: Fortaleza Amanda Pinheiro , Nascimento Filho José Jaime Pessoa do , De Oliveira Marcelo Araújo , Dias Thiago Da Silva , Vasconcelos Marcelo Augusto Machado , Kato Osvaldo Ryokei 
Published: November 2018

RESUMO: A produção orgânica no Brasil vem crescendo a cada ano, pois com uma maior demanda por produtos mais saudáveis, vários produtores estão migrando para esse conceito de alimentos. Assim este trabalho tem como objetivo entender a concepção filosófica, bem como fazer uma descrição e analisar as implicações do sistema de produção da laranja orgânica. A pesquisa ocorreu no Sítio SOS Agroecológico, localizado no município de Capitão Poço, Nordeste Paraense. Foi realizada pesquisa exploratória qualitativa junto ao proprietário da área e produtor de laranja orgânica por meio, principalmente, de visitas, entrevistas semiestruturadas, caminhadas transversais na área e registros fotográficos. A produção do sítio é considerada boa, seus principais mercados são feiras orgânicas e grandes supermercados, porém o preço e a logística são os principais entraves, além da certificação, que no Brasil ainda é um processo oneroso. O sistema de produção do Sítio apresenta certa similaridade com a concepção da agricultura biológica e natural, visto que ambos os sistemas visam à redução de custos do produtor rural, a utilização de produtos alternativos e/ou naturais disponíveis na propriedade. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Agroecologia, Certificação, Sistemas agroflorestais.
ANÁLISE VISUAL DE ABOBRINHA MINIMAMENTE PROCESSADA EM ATMOSFERA MODIFICADA ATIVA, UMA APLICAÇÃO GEOESTATÍSTICA
Authors: Lundgren Wellington Jorge Cavalcanti , Lundgren Giovanna Alencar , Ramos Juliana Arruda , Monteiro Gean Charles , Nasser Flávia Aparecida de Carvalho Mariano , Vieites Rogério Lopes 
Published: November 2018

RESUMO: O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a possível aplicação da geoestatística em análise visual de abobrinha minimamente processada com atmosfera modificada ativa, que são dados não georeferenciados. A abobrinha passou pelo processamento mínimo em condições normais de higiene e armazenadas em embalagens com diferentes condições de atmosfera: Testemunha atmosfera ambiente (T1), vácuo (T2), 4% de O2+ 5% de CO2 (T3), 4% de O2+ 6% de CO2 (T4), 4% de O2+ 7% de CO2 (T5) e 4% de O2+ 8% de CO2 (T6) e analisadas visualmente por avaliadores não selecionados e não treinados por um período de 12 dias com escala hedônica para atratividade e intenção de compra. Foi aplicado a geoestatística com o software GS+. Foi verificada que a intenção de compra apresentou forte dependência espacial. Os tratamentos a 4% de O2+ 7% de CO2 (T5) e 4% de O2+ 8% de CO25 (T6) apresentaram as maiores áreas nos mapas de krigagem para a intenção de compra para os valores de escala hedônica maiores que 4, em todo o período de observação. A maior área no mapa de intenção de compra, após o quarto dia de exposição, para valores da escala hedônica maiores que 4, foi apresentado pelo tratamento 6. PALAVRAS CHAVE: Conservação de alimentos, Curcubita moschata, Dependência espacial, Krigagem, Pós-colheita.
Modelo estocástico para el precio de activos en alta frecuencia basado en procesos de ramificación aleatoriamente indexados
Authors: Moreno Trujillo John Freddy 
Published: November 2018

Se presenta un modelo de precios de activos basado en un proceso de ramificación aleatoriamente indexado como el propuesto por T. W. Epps en 1996, como una alternativa para la modelación estocástica del precio de activos en alta frecuencia. Se consideran los resultados básicos de la teoría que permiten entender el modelo, la caracterización de los precios bajo una distribución geométrica de dos parámetros de la descendencia, y simulaciones del precio bajo diferentes niveles de intensidad del proceso que determina el número de generaciones. Se plantean extensiones del modelo en diversas direcciones.
Effect of Pressure-Propagation Behavior on Production Performance: Implication for Advancing Low-Permeability Coalbed-Methane Recovery
Authors: Sun Zheng , Shi Juntai , Wu Keliu , Zhang Tao , Feng Dong , Li Xiangfang 
Published: November 2018

Summary
Low-permeability coalbed-methane (CBM) reservoirs possess unique pressure-propagation behavior, which can be classified further as the expansion characteristics of the drainage area and the desorption area [i.e., a formation in which the pressure is lower than the initial formation pressure and critical-desorption pressure (CDP), respectively]. Inevitably, several fluid-flow mechanisms will coexist in realistic coal seams at a certain production time, which is closely related to dynamic pressure and saturation distribution. To the best of our knowledge, a production-prediction model for CBM wells considering pressure-propagation behavior is still lacking. The objective of this work is to perform extensive investigations into the effect of pressure-propagation behavior on the gas-production performance of CBM wells. First, the pressure-squared approach is used to describe the pressure profile in the desorption area, which has been clarified as an effective-approximation method. Also, the pressure/saturation relationship that was developed in our previous research is used; therefore, saturation distribution can be obtained. Second, an efficient iteration algorithm is established to predict gas-production performance by combining a new gas-phase-productivity equation and a material-balance equation. Finally, using the proposed prediction model, we shed light on the optimization method for production strategy regarding the entire production life of CBM wells. Results show that the decrease rate of bottomhole pressure (BHP) should be slow at the water single-phase-flow stage, fast at the early gas/water two-phase-flow stage, and slow at the late gas/water two-phase-flow stage, which is referred to as the slow/fast/slow (SFS) control method. Remarkably, in the SFS control method, the decrease rate of the BHP at each period can be quantified on the basis of the proposed prediction model. To examine the applicability of the proposed SFS method, it is applied to an actual CBM well in Hancheng Field, China, and it enhances the cumulative gas production by a factor of approximately 1.65.