bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Do you only have yourself to blame? A meta‐analytic test of the victim precipitation model
Authors: Dhanani Lindsay Y. , Main Amanda M. , Pueschel Andrew 
Published: August 2019

SummaryThe current meta‐analysis sought to evaluate the empirical evidence for the victim precipitation model, which has become an increasingly popular yet controversial theory in the organizational sciences. We did so by testing the prediction that some victim dispositional traits contribute to or provoke experiences of mistreatment. We additionally provided preliminary examinations of two distinct conceptual explanations underlying the empirical relationships between victim personality and mistreatment. Finally, we examined the support for the situational antecedents of experienced mistreatment to compare the relative evidence for each of these dominant theoretical explanations. Results for the tests of the victim precipitation model showed that only victim negative affectivity was consistently related to experienced mistreatment. Examinations of the explanations for the relationships between victim personality and victimization showed relatively weak support for the notion that certain employees are more likely to perceive mistreatment and for the proposition that certain employees are mistreated because they are also more likely to engage in mistreatment. Finally, the situational predictors of mistreatment were all supported, and a test of relative importance revealed that the situational antecedents accounted for more variance in mistreatment than the victim dispositional traits. Implications for the theoretical understanding of the origins of mistreatment are discussed.
Relationships of West Greenland supraglacial melt‐lakes with local climate and regional atmospheric circulation
Authors: Rowley Nathan A. , Carleton Andrew M. , Fegyveresi John 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAlong the west‐central Greenland ice sheet (GrIS) ablation zone, the time of annual maximum occurrence of surface melt‐lakes, or peak lake period (PLP) averages June 18–July 3. This study combines atmospheric reanalysis and automatic weather station data from the Greenland Climate Network to assess the roles of synoptic circulation patterns and local climate variables, respectively, in the total melt‐lake area and count in the Sermeq Kujalleq ablation region (SKAR) for the PLPs of 2000–2016. Melt‐lake information is obtained from analysis of Landsat‐7 images. Two surface climate parameters (e.g., temperature, incoming shortwave radiation) having a strong combined effect on melt‐lake area in the SKAR are the June mean temperature, and May mean incoming solar radiation (r = .96). Incorporating the May insolation into a regression equation permits predictability of total melt‐lake area for the study area into late June. June months classified as high melt correlate regionally with mid‐tropospheric ridging, warm air advection, and reduced cloud cover, while low melt June months are associated with a trough, cold advection, and greater cloud amount. A localized feature that we found to be prevalent during the high‐melt years are piteraq, or downsloping winds, which provide additional warming to the SKAR from adiabatic compression. Atmospheric circulation indices comprising the North Atlantic Oscillation index (NAOI) teleconnection and Greenland blocking index (GBI) pattern augment the reanalysis gridded data. We find statistically significant correlations of the NAOI and GBI with melt‐lake area (r = −.62 and r = .77, respectively). The correlations with melt‐lake count however, are not significant; greater combined lake area and count tend to accompany the meridional mode of high amplitude Rossby waves and/or anti‐cyclonic blocking in the Greenland sector. Determining the local and synoptic‐scale atmospheric controls on supraglacial lake variability helps clarify the role of climate in the surface hydrology of the GrIS.
Antibacterial Activity of Ag‐Hydroxyapatite Coating Against Hematogenous Infection by Methicillin‐ResistantStaphylococcus aureusin the Rat Femur
Authors: Kobatake Tomoki , Miyamoto Hiroshi , Hashimoto Akira , Ueno Masaya , Nakashima Takema , Murakami Takayuki , Noda Iwao , Shobuike Takeo , Sonohata Motoki , Mawatari Masaaki 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTSeveral antibacterial materials have been developed to prevent periprosthetic joint infection and thus prevent serious complications for patients and surgeons. However, no study has addressed the activity of antibacterial materials against hematogenous infection. The present study evaluated the antibacterial activity of a silver‐containing hydroxyapatite‐coated implant against methicillin‐resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) hematogenous infection. Implants coated with hydroxyapatite and silver‐hydroxyapatite were inserted into rats’ right and left femurs, respectively, after which the animals were infected withS. aureusvia a tail vessel. About 107colony‐forming units was the optimal bacterial number for the establishment ofS. aureushematogenous infection. Bacterial loads and C‐reactive protein in the blood were measured to confirm bacteremia and inflammation. Fourteen days after the infection, bacterial loads were statistically lower in the femurs containing silver‐hydroxyapatite‐coated implants than in those with hydroxyapatite‐coated implants (p = 0.022). Thus, silver‐hydroxyapatite‐coated implants might provide antibacterial activity against MRSA hematogenous infection in the postoperative period. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 37:2655–2660, 2019
Tree ring dating using oxygen isotopes: a master chronology for central England
Authors: Loader Neil J. , Mccarroll Danny , Miles Daniel , Young Giles H. F. , Davies Darren , Ramsey Christopher Bronk 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTRing‐width dendrochronology, based on matching patterns of ring width variability, works best when trees are growing under significant environmental (climatic) stress. In the UK, and elsewhere in the temperate mid‐latitudes, trees generally experience low stress, so dating is more difficult and often fails. Oxygen isotopes in tree rings passively record changes in the isotopic ratios of summer precipitation, so they carry a strong common signal, which offers potential for cross‐dating. A master chronology covering the period 1200–2000 ce was constructed using the oxygen isotope ratios of the latewood cellulose of oak samples from central England. Two independent chronologies, developed to verify the isotopic signal, were combined (n = 10 trees) and the method was evaluated by dating timbers of known age and historical timbers that could not be dated by ring‐width dendrochronology, from both within and beyond the central England region. The agreement between samples and the master chronology is exceptionally strong, allowing the dating of timbers with far fewer rings than is normally the case for ring‐width dendrochronology. Tree‐ring oxygen isotope values are more suited to correlation analysis than tree‐ring widths, so it is possible to provide t‐values that conform to Student's t‐distribution and can be converted into probabilities of error. A protocol for assigning dates using ‘stable‐isotope dendrochronology’ is proposed, which has the potential to revolutionize the dating of wooden structures and artefacts, allowing the dating of short and invariant ring sequences from young, fast‐grown trees. Such samples are commonplace throughout the historical building and archaeological records and were, until now, considered impossible to date. © 2019 The Authors. Journal of Quaternary Science Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd
Thermal and electrical behavior of hybrid thermosets based on epoxy and maleimide resins cured with p‐aminobenzoic acid
Authors: Mustata Fanica , Tudorachi Nita , Asandulesa Mihai , Bicu Ioan 
Published: August 2019

AbstractTwo thermoset systems based on maleimides and diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) cured with p‐aminobenzoic acid were characterized in terms of thermal and electrical behavior. Thermal characterization has been undertaken by means of thermogravimetric analysis in nitrogen atmosphere up to 600°C using simultaneous thermogravimetric/Fourier transform infrared/mass spectrometry (TG/FT‐IR/MS) analysis. In the first stage of thermal degradation, the global kinetic parameters [activation energy (Ea) and preexponential factor (log A1 (s−1))] were calculated using the isoconversional method of Friedman. The energies variation as well as the shape of the differential thermal analysis curves suggests that the thermal decomposition process occurred in multiple stages. The evolved gases analysis was conducted by simultaneous TG/FT‐IR/MS coupled techniques. Dielectric relaxation spectroscopy characterization was also made.
Response to Glucocorticosteroids Predicts Olfactory Outcome After ESS in Chronic Rhinosinusitis
Authors: Bogdanov Vasyl , Walliczek‐Dworschak Ute , Whitcroft Katherine L. , Landis Basile N. , Hummel Thomas 
Published: August 2019

ObjectivesOlfaction is frequently impaired in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) and often improves after endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). Data about dynamics of olfactory changes after ESS are lacking, and little information is available concerning whether preoperatively administered glucocorticosteroids predict postoperative olfaction. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine dynamics of olfaction after ESS in relation to the effect of preoperative administration of glucocorticosteroids in CRSwNP.MethodsThis prospective study included 52 CRSwNP patients (30 men, 22 women, mean age 54 ± 14 years) divided into a control group (n = 31) subjected to ESS without preoperative steroids and a treatment group (n = 21) receiving orally administered glucocorticosteroids preoperatively.Self‐ratings of olfaction and olfactory testing using the extended Sniffin’ Sticks test battery (threshold, discrimination and identification [TDI] score) were performed. Olfaction was measured preoperatively; after termination of glucocorticosteroid treatment (only treatment group); and 2 weeks, 1 month, and 3 months postoperatively.ResultsAfter glucocorticosteroids, TDI score significantly improved in 57% of patients, and olfactory function remained unchanged in 43%. In addition, improvement in TDI score after steroids and 3 months postoperatively were significantly correlated (r = 0.66, P = 0.01). Patients whose olfaction did not improve after glucocorticosteroids did not benefit from surgery. Regarding postoperative olfactory dynamics, TDI score reached its maximum 1 month postoperatively and decreased again approximately 3 months after surgery.ConclusionGlucocorticosteroids improved olfaction in CRSwNP comparable to surgery. In addition, changes in relation to steroids predicted olfactory outcome postoperatively. Regarding the olfactory dynamics, it could be demonstrated that olfactory function increased 1 month after surgery and decreased 3 months postoperatively.Level of Evidence2 Laryngoscope, 130:1616–1621, 2020
Well‐Defined End‐Functionalized Conjugated Polymers/Oligomers Exhibiting Unique Emission Properties through the End Groups: The Exclusive Synthesis by Combined Olefin Metathesis with Wittig‐type Coupling
Authors: Nomura Kotohiro 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAcyclic diene metathesis polymerization using ruthenium–carbene catalysts affords defect‐free, high molecular weight poly(arylene vinylene)s containing all trans olefinic double bonds. The exclusive end‐functionalization in the resultant poly(fluorene vinylene)s or poly(phenylene vinylene)s can be attained by treating the vinyl end groups using a molybdenum–alkylidene catalyst/reagent (through olefin metathesis) followed by addition of various aldehydes (Wittig‐type coupling). Some of these end‐modified conjugated materials display unique emission properties, which are different from the original ones, through an interaction (energy transfer or structural change in the excited state) between the conjugated main chain and the end groups [oligo(thiophene)s, F‐BODIPY, etc.]. Exclusive synthesis of well‐defined, all‐trans end‐functionalized oligo(2,5‐dialkoxy‐1,4‐phenylene vinylene)s [(oligo(phenylene vinylene), alkoxy = O(CH2)2OSii
Pr3, up to 31 repeat units] is demonstrated by adopting a stepwise synthetic approach (olefin metathesis and the subsequent Wittig‐type cleavage). It is clearly demonstrated that their optical properties (especially the fluorescence spectra including photoluminescence quantum yields) are strongly affected by the end groups as well as the conjugation repeat units.
Parents' perceptions of diagnostic genetic testing for children with inherited retinal disease in China
Authors: Zhang Yu , Wang Zhirong , Huang Sijian , Sun Limei , Zhao Shiying , Zhong Yimin , Xiao Huiming , Ding Xiaoyan 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundIn this study, we aim to investigate the awareness of, attitudes toward, and experiences with diagnostic genetic testing among parents of children suspected of having inherited retinal disease (IRDs) in China.MethodsSemistructured, face‐to‐face, and in‐depth interviews were carried out with parents of children with suspected IRDs in this qualitative study. Inductive content analysis was used for data processing.ResultsForty‐six parents participated in our interviews, and 47.8% of them supported genetic testing for following four main reasons: to help in making informed reproductive health decisions, to prepare for novel potential treatment, to identify the underlying causes of IRDs, and to satisfy curiosity about the heredity of IRDs. Among them, 19.6% were opposed to the testing for four main reasons, namely lack of therapeutic benefit, difficulty in affording the testing cost, doubt in the accuracy of clinical diagnosis, and the presence of concerns about the limitations of genetic testing. 47.8% of the parents expressed concerns that the genetic findings might lead to potential psychological stress.ConclusionIn this study, we showed that nearly half of the parents supported genetic testing mainly for family planning, and a fifth of the parents were opposed to the testing mainly for lack of therapeutic benefit. Moreover, half of the parents expressed concern that a positive genetic result may create potential psychological burden to the parents and children.
Use of cognitive behavioural therapy with usual physical therapy intervention for individuals who are unemployed secondary to chronic low back pain: A case series
Authors: Walston Zachary , Niles Paige , Spiker Lisa , Yake Dale 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundLow back pain (LBP) is a leading cause of work absence and may influence the development of fear‐avoidance behaviours. The purpose of this case series was to examine the use of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) with physical therapy (PT) for the treatment of fear‐avoidance behaviours in patients with chronic LBP who are disabled or in a period of work absence.Case descriptionFour patients with high‐irritability chronic LBP who were considered as being on work absence or disability were treated in outpatient PT clinics. The intervention consisted of fundamental CBT concepts utilized in combination with a traditional PT intervention.OutcomesPatients were treated until the achievement of functional goals and normalized movement patterns. Pain, disability and function were measured via a numerical pain rating scale, the Oswestry Disability Index and Focus on Therapeutic Outcomes. All patients achieved the minimally clinically important difference for these measures. Fear‐avoidance behaviours decreased, as observed by an average 15‐point change in Fear‐Avoidance Behaviour Questionnaire (Physical Activity) outcomes. Patients on work absence returned to work.DiscussionThis case series describes the use of CBT in combination with a traditional PT intervention for the treatment of high‐irritability, fear‐avoidant individuals who are on disability or in a period of work absence. The results indicated that CBT may be a useful and feasible adjunct to PT and may positively influence a return to work. Further studies are needed to determine effectiveness, including randomized controlled trials.
Velocity field level‐set method for topological shape optimization using freely distributed design variables
Authors: Wang Yaguang , Kang Zhan , Liu Pai 
Published: August 2019

SummaryThe velocity field level‐set topological shape optimization method combines the implicit representation in the standard level‐set method and the capabilities of general mathematical programming algorithms in handling multiple constraints and additional design variables. The key concept is to construct the normal velocity field using basis functions and the velocity design variables at specified points (referred to as velocity knots) in the entire design domain. In this study, the velocity design variables are decoupled from the level‐set grid points. Making use of this property, we can adaptively change the arrangement of the velocity knots as the structural boundary evolves. This provides more design freedom in the optimization and allows for a significant reduction in the number of design variables. Several numerical examples in two‐ and three‐dimensional design domains are presented to demonstrate the robustness and efficiency of the proposed method. We also show that changing the number of velocity knots may implicitly exert certain control on topological complexity and length scale.
Organizational change tactics in a homeless services agency
Authors: Packard Thomas 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThere is a vast literature on organizational change, but research on a key aspect of organizational change, the tactics used by change leaders, is limited. To address this gap, a questionnaire assessing the use of organizational change tactics has been used to allow an organization's staff to describe an organizational change initiative they had experienced. This study also included an interview with the agency's director of programs, an interview with two other staff, document analysis, and pre–post client outcome data. Findings showed the extent to which these tactics were observed and were seen as useful in achieving the change goal, offering guidance for change leaders considering organizational change tactics, and for researchers by advancing methods for studying organizational change. Results were also contrasted with those of an earlier study to identify common themes.
Compatibility between agendas for improving human development and wildlife conservation outside protected areas: Insights from 20 years of data
Authors: Ament Judith M. , Collen Ben , Carbone Chris , Mace Georgina M. , Freeman Robin 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

The UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) include economic, social and environmental dimensions of human development and make explicit commitments to all of life on Earth. Evidence of continuing global biodiversity loss has, at the same time, led to a succession of internationally agreed conservation targets.

With multiple targets (even within one policy realm, e.g. the CBD Aichi Targets for biodiversity), it is possible for different indicators to respond in the same direction, in opposite directions or to show no particular relationship. When considering the different sectors of the SDGs, there are many possible relationships among indicators that have been widely discussed, but rarely analysed in detail.

Here, we present a comparative cross‐national analysis exploring temporally integrated linkages between human development indicators and wildlife conservation trends.

The results suggest that in lower income countries there are negative relationships between measures of human population growth and bird and mammal population abundance trends outside protected areas.

The results also suggest a positive relationship between economic growth and wildlife population trends in lower income countries. We stress, however, the need for future research to further explore the relationships between economic growth and natural resource‐based imports.

Our results highlight a clear potential for compatibility of the conservation and development agendas and support the need for further integration among sustainable development strategies.

A free Plain Language Summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article.
OGT Controls the Expression and the Glycosylation of E‐cadherin, and Affects Glycosphingolipid Structures in Human Colon Cell Lines
Authors: Biwi James , Clarisse Charlotte , Biot Christophe , Kozak Radoslaw Pawel , Madunic Katarina , Mortuaire Marlène , Wuhrer Manfred , Spencer Daniel Ian Richard , Schulz Céline , Guerardel Yann , Lefebvre Tony , Vercoutter‐Edouart Anne‐Sophie 
Published: August 2019

AbstractColorectal cancer (CRC) affects both women and men living in societies with a high sedentary lifestyle. Amongst the phenotypic changes exhibited by tumor cells, a wide range of glycosylation has been reported for colon cancer‐derived cell lines and CRC tissues. These aberrant modifications affect different aspects of glycosylation, including an increase in core fucosylation and GlcNAc branching on N‐glycans, alteration of O‐glycans, upregulated sialylation, and O‐GlcNAcylation. Although O‐GlcNAcylation and complex glycosylations differ in many aspects, sparse evidences report on the interference of O‐GlcNAcylation with complex glycosylation. Nevertheless, this relationship is still a matter of debate. Combining different approaches on three human colon cell lines (HT29, HCT116 and CCD841CoN), it is herein reported that silencing O‐GlcNAc transferase (OGT, the sole enzyme driving O‐GlcNAcylation), only slightly affects overall N‐ and O‐glycosylation patterns. Interestingly, silencing of OGT in HT29 cells upregulates E‐cadherin (a major actor of epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition) and changes its glycosylation. On the other hand, OGT silencing perturbs biosynthesis of glycosphingolipids resulting in a decrease in gangliosides and an increase in globosides. Together, these results provide novel insights regarding the selective regulation of complex glycosylations by O‐GlcNAcylation in colon cancer cells.
Role of self‐assembly conditions and amphiphilic balance on nanoparticle formation of PEG‐PDLLA copolymers in aqueous environments
Authors: Phan Hien , Minut Robert I. , McCrorie Phoebe , Vasey Catherine , Larder Ryan R. , Krumins Eduards , Marlow Maria , Rahman Ruman , Alexander Cameron , Taresco Vincenzo , Pearce Amanda K. 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTThe production of well‐defined and reproducible polymeric nanoparticles (NPs), in terms of size and stability in biological environments, is undoubtedly a fundamental challenge in the formulation of novel and more effective nanomedicines. The adoption of PEGylated lactide (LA) block copolymers as biodegradable and biocompatible nanocarriers at different clinical stages has rendered these materials an attractive polymeric platform to be exploited and their formulation is further understood. In the present work, we synthesized a library of linear polyethylene glycol‐poly(D,L‐lactide) block copolymers with different lengths of LA (15, 25, 50, and 100 LA units) via simple and metal‐free ring‐opening polymerization, in order to alter the amphiphilic balance of the different macromolecules. The produced polymers were formulated into NPs while varying a series of key parameters in the solvent displacement process, including solvent:nonsolvent ratios and the nature of the two media, and the effect on size and stability was assessed. In addition, stability to protein–NPs interaction and aggregation was studied, highlighting the different NP final properties according to the nature of the amphiphilic balance and nanoformulation conditions. Therefore, we have illustrated a systematic and methodological process to optimize a series of NPs parameters balancing particle size, size distribution, surface charge, and stability to guide future works in the nanoformulation field. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2019, 57, 1801–1810