bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantity of delta‐9‐tetrahydrocannabinol consumption and cannabis use disorder among daily cannabis consumers
Authors: Borodovsky Jacob T. , Hasin Deborah S. , Wall Melanie , Struble Cara A. , Habib Mohammad I. , Livne Ofir , Liu Jun , Chen Lynn , Aharonovich Efrat , Budney Alan J. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackground and aimsAmid escalating cannabis legalization and daily consumption in the United States (US), determining the risk of cannabis use disorder (CUD) and relevant consequences among daily consumers has become a public health priority. Understanding these risks requires valid assessment of the daily quantity of delta‐9‐tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) consumed and its relation to consequences. This study characterized daily cannabis consumption using a new method for estimating milligrams of THC (mgTHC), and examined the relationship between daily mgTHC and CUD severity in a large national sample of daily consumers.Design, setting and participantsUS adult (aged 18+ years) daily cannabis consumers (n = 4134) completed a comprehensive online survey of cannabis consumption patterns (e.g. frequency, quantity, product types, potencies, administration methods) and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition (DSM‐5) CUD criteria.MeasurementsThe primary exposure was past‐week daily mgTHC consumption, calculated from survey responses to queries about product type, amount and potency consumed and including adjustments for puff size and loss of THC from specific methods of administration. The primary outcomes were (1) number of CUD criteria (range = 0–11) and (2) CUD severity categories: none, mild, moderate, severe.FindingsMedian daily consumption was ~130 mgTHC, with substantial variability (25% ≤ 50 mg and 25% ≥ 290 mg). On average, participants endorsed 2.5 CUD criteria, and 65% met criteria for CUD (39% mild, 18% moderate, 8% severe). Greater daily mgTHC predicted higher CUD criteria count [betalog(mgTHC) = 0.50, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.267–0.734] and higher odds of mild [log odds ratio (logOR) = 0.238, 95% CI = 0.184–0.292], moderate (logOR = 0.303, 95% CI = 0.232–0.374) or severe (logOR = 0.335, 95% CI = 0.236–0.435) CUD.ConclusionsAmong daily consumers of cannabis, there appears to be a positive relationship between the daily quantity of cannabis consumed (measured in milligrams of delta‐9‐tetrahydrocannabinol) and both the risk and severity of cannabis use disorder.
From side‐work to main task: Housing, status, and Tibetan labour migration in Qinghai, China
Authors: Zhaxi Duojie 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAcross China, as in other parts of the world, urbanisation has accelerated at an unprecedented scale over the past 15 years. In farming areas of Qinghai in western China, large‐scale rural–urban movement of Tibetan villagers began around 2010 – a time when state‐led housing subsidy projects were launched. Drawing on ethnographic field research and focusing on the older cohort of rural Tibetan migrants to Xining, the largest city on the Tibetan Plateau, this article explores the complexities and linkages between state‐led housing subsidy projects, status, and Tibetan labour migration. It examines how housing and family status intersect to shape patterns of Tibetan labour migration and gendered divisions of labour. This study highlights an important but less explored factor in migration studies: in my research sites, the recent large‐scale Tibetan labour migration to cities has been driven by the desire to build new houses to secure family status as a result of the motives and social pressure created by state‐led housing subsidy projects.
Effect of Antithyroid Drugs Treatment Duration on The Remission Rates of Graves' Disease in Children and Adolescents: A Single‐Arm Meta‐Analysis and Systematic Review
Authors: Li Yang , Wang Xin‐Meng , Shi Wen‐Yuan , Chen Jia‐Jia , Song Yan‐Ning , Gong Chun‐Xiu 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundAntithyroid drugs (ATDs) are the preferred treatment option for Graves' disease (GD), yet there is a lack of systematic evaluations studying the relationship between treatment duration and therapeutic outcomes. This study aims to assess the remission rate (RR) in children with GD under ATDs therapy and to conduct an analysis of associated factors.MethodSystematically searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Wanfang database, with a search time limit from the establishment of the database to 23 November 2023. The primary outcome was the RR. The pooled RR was calculated and subgroup comparisons were performed. Meta‐analysis was conducted using R Studio 2023.09.0 + 463 software.ResultsThe study incorporated a total of 19 research projects, which collectively involved 3359 paediatric patients diagnosed with GD (comprising 2600 girls and 759 boys). The overall RR for paediatric GD treated with ATDs was 25.4% (95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 20.7%, 30.1%). The pooled RR following treatment durations of < 2 years, 2−5 years, and > 5 years were respectively 15.5%, 24.1% and 33.0%. Meta‐regression results indicated that the duration of treatment and follow‐up duration were significant sources of high heterogeneity among the studies. Specifically, for every additional year of ATDs treatment, there was an increase in the RR by 3.8% (Coefficient = 3.8%, 95% CI: 0.6%, 7.0%, p < 0.01).ConclusionThe overall RR for the treatment of paediatric GD with ATDs is 25.4%, and prolonging the treatment course can indeed lead to an increased RR.
Lysine Acetyltransferase TIP60 Restricts Nerve Injury by Activating IKKβ/SNAP23 Axis‐Mediated Autophagosome‐Lysosome Fusion in Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Wang Wei , Min Jun , Luo Qinghua , Gu Xunhu , Li Min , Liu Xu 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe hyperphosphorylation of Tau protein is considered an important cause of neuronal degeneration in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The disruption of neuronal histone acetylation homeostasis mediated by Tip60 HAT is a common early event in neurodegenerative diseases, but the deeper regulatory mechanism on β‐amyloid peptide (Aβ)‐induced neurotoxicity and autophagic function in AD is still unclear.MethodsAD models were established both in APP/PS1 mice and Aβ1–42‐treated SH‐SY5Y cells. The Morris water maze test (MWM) was performed to examine mouse cognitive function. Neurological damage in the hippocampus was observed by hematoxylin–eosin (H&E), Nissl's, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL), and NeuN staining. Autophagosome‐lysosome fusion was detected by immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, and Lyso‐Tracker Red staining. Cell viability and apoptosis were evaluated by CCK‐8 assay and flow cytometry. The molecular interactions were verified by co‐immunoprecipitation (Co‐IP), dual luciferase assays, and ChIP detections. The RNA and autophagy‐lysosome‐related proteins were assessed by Western blot and RT‐qPCR.ResultsTIP60 overexpression improved cognitive deficits and neurological damage and restored the impairment of autophagy‐lysosomes fusion in vivo. Similarly, the upregulation of TIP60 in Aβ1–42‐treated SH‐SY5Y cells suppressed neuronal apoptosis and tau phosphorylation through the activating autophagy‐lysosome pathway. Mechanistically, TIP60 activated IKKβ transcription by promoting SOX4 acetylation, thus leading to the translocation of SNAP23 to STX17‐contained autophagosomes. Moreover, the protective roles of TIP60 in neuron damage were abolished by the inhibition of SOX4/IKKβ signaling.ConclusionCollectively, our results highlighted the potential of the TIP60 target for AD and provided new insights into the mechanisms underlying neuroprotection in this disorder.
The Neuroprotection of 1,2,4‐Triazole Derivative by Inhibiting Inflammation and Protecting BBB Integrity in Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Liu Xuan , Luo Jingning , Chen Jianwen , Huang Ping , He Gongyun , Ye Xueshi , Su Ruiqi , Lao Yaoqiang , Wang Yang , He Xiangjun , Zhang Jingxia 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe oxidative stress and neuroinflammation are important factors in acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Our former study showed the 1,2,4‐ triazole derivative (SYS18) had obviously neuroprotection by anti‐ oxidative stress on rat middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model.AimIn this study, we continue to investigate its neuroprotection by anti‐inflammatory effects and protecting BBB integrity in AIS.Methods and ResultsFirst, its effect on acute inflammation was evaluated by the mice model of increased peritoneal capillary permeability. Then, the MCAO cerebral edema models were built to evaluate its neuroprotection by reducing the neurological score, cerebral edema, improving the biochemical indicators, and pathological damage of brain tissue. At the same time, its protection on blood–brain barrier (BBB) integrity was proved by decreasing the BBB permeability and inhibiting glycocalyx degradation and regulating the BBB tight junction proteins expression of matrix metalloproteinase‐ 9 (MMP‐ 9) and claudin‐ 5 in brain tissue. Meanwhile, pharmacokinetic experiments showed that the compound had good BBB penetration. It has some advantages in the intensity of efficacy compared with the marketed drug edaravone.ConclusionBased on these findings, SYS18 has a strong potential to become a neuroprotectant in the future.
Nurse practitioner oversight ratios and labor market outcomes
Authors: Smith Andrew J. D. , Markowitz Sara 
Published: November 2024

AbstractNurse practitioners are important to the US healthcare system; however, many states impose physician oversight ratios, which limit the number of NPs a physician may supervise. In this study, we evaluate the effect of eliminating physician oversight ratios on the supply of NPs by conducting case studies of three states—New York, Nevada, and Pennsylvania—using synthetic control and related approaches. Surprisingly, we find that eliminating oversight ratios had little effect on the labor supply of NPs. For New York, we also analyze the effects of eliminating oversight ratios on wages and hours worked and again find null results.
Adapting to Individual Differences: An Experimental Study of Language Evolution in Heterogeneous Populations
Authors: Josserand Mathilde , Pellegrino François , Grosseck Oxana , Dediu Dan , Raviv Limor 
Published: November 2024

AbstractVariations in language abilities, use, and production style are ubiquitous within any given population. While research on language evolution has traditionally overlooked the potential importance of such individual differences, these can have an important impact on the trajectory of language evolution and ongoing change. To address this gap, we use a group communication game for studying this mechanism in the lab, in which micro‐societies of interacting participants develop and use artificial languages to successfully communicate with each other. Importantly, one participant in the group is assigned a keyboard with a limited inventory of letters (simulating a speech impairment that individuals may encounter in real life), forcing them to communicate differently than the rest. We test how languages evolve in such heterogeneous groups and whether they adapt to accommodate the unique characteristics of individuals with language idiosyncrasies. Our results suggest that language evolves differently in groups where some individuals have distinct language abilities, eliciting more innovative elements at the cost of reduced communicative success and convergence. Furthermore, we observed strong partner‐specific accommodation to the minority individual, which carried over to the group level. Importantly, the degree of group‐wide adaptation was not uniform and depended on participants’ attachment to established language forms. Our findings provide compelling evidence that individual differences can permeate and accumulate within a linguistic community, ultimately driving changes in languages over time. They also underscore the importance of integrating individual differences into future research on language evolution.
Fiscal consolidation plans with underground economy
Authors: Ferrara Maria , Fiorelli Cristiana , Marzano Elisabetta , Varlese Monica 
Published: November 2024

AbstractFiscal consolidation literature often neglects that there are economies characterized by sizable underground sectors, with their mechanisms of response to fiscal policy shocks. Therefore, reliable analyses of fiscal consolidation plans call for the decomposition of Gross Domestic Product in its regular and hidden components. We investigate fiscal consolidation effects in the context of tax evasion for the Italian economy. Results show that a temporary cut in public spending associated with a permanent drop in tax rate yet entails tax evasion reduction. The main underlying mechanism is the strong responsiveness of the underground sector, implying a reallocation of resources toward the regular sector.
Loss in Overall and Quality‐Adjusted Life Expectancy for Patients With Chronic‐Phase Chronic Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Chen Enoch Yi‐Tung , Dahlén Torsten , Stenke Leif , Björkholm Magnus , Hao Shuang , Dickman Paul W. , Clements Mark S. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe introduction of tyrosine kinase inhibitors has considerably improved the life expectancy (LE) for patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Evaluating health‐related quality of life within the treatment pathway remains crucial. Using the Swedish CML register, we included 991 adult patients with chronic‐phase (CP) CML diagnosed 2007 to 2017, with follow‐up until 2018. We developed a multistate model to estimate the loss in LE (LLE) and loss in quality‐adjusted life expectancy (LQALE) for the patient population compared to the general population, along with the respective proportions of losses relative to the general population. All patients with CP‐CML had a relatively low reduced LE but with larger LQALE. The maximum LLE within age/sex subgroups was 5.7 years (general population LE: 43.2 years vs. CP‐CML LE: 37.5 years) for females diagnosed at age 45 years, with LQALE of 12.0 quality‐adjusted life years (QALYs) (general population QALE: 38.2 QALYs vs. CP‐CML QALE: 26.3 QALYs). Across all ages, the proportions of LLE ranged from 9% to 15%, and the proportions of LQALE were 29% to 33%. Despite a low LLE, our findings reveal a greater LQALE for patients with CP‐CML. Further improvements in management of CP‐CML are thus warranted to successfully address the prevailing medical needs.
Inferior Overall Survival After Haploidentical Donor Lymphocyte Infusions in Relapsed Myeloid Neoplasms
Authors: Benoit Tobias Matthieu , Bachofner Adrian , Wolfensberger Nathan , Zaugg‐Berger Yvonne , Manz Markus Gabriel , Schneidawind Dominik 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivesAllogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) effectively treats high‐risk myeloid neoplasms, but relapses post‐HSCT, particularly in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic neoplasms (MDS), pose significant challenges. Donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) has been utilized, but its effectiveness, especially in haploidentical settings, remains insufficiently clarified, and graft‐versus‐host disease (GvHD) poses a substantial risk.MethodsIn this retrospective cohort study, 57 patients with AML or MDS who received DLI after allogeneic HSCT at our center from 2002 to 2023 were analyzed. Herein, only preemptively or therapeutically applied DLI were included, and endpoints included overall survival (OS), progression‐free survival (PFS), and GvHD incidence post‐DLI.ResultsMedian OS after DLI was 517 days, with a 1‐year OS of 62.5%. Factors associated with longer OS included patient age, HLA‐identical donor, post‐HSCT treatment naivety, and preemptive DLI indication. Haploidentical DLI was associated with inferior OS compared to HLA‐identical DLI; however, PFS and GvHD incidence post‐DLI did not differ significantly.ConclusionsOur study findings indicate that OS rate is inferior in patients with relapsed AML or MDS treated with haploidentical DLI in comparison to those who received HLA‐identical DLI. Given the limitations of haploidentical DLI, alternative strategies, such as higher cell doses or combination treatment approaches, warrant further investigation.
Imaging blood–brain barrier dysfunction in drug‐resistant epilepsy: A multi‐center feasibility study
Authors: Cafri Nir , Mirloo Sheida , Zarhin Daniel , Kamintsky Lyna , Serlin Yonatan , Alhadeed Laith , Goldberg Ilan , Maclean Mark A. , Whatley Ben , Urman Ilia , Doherty Colin P. , Greene Chris , Behan Claire , Brennan Declan , Campbell Matthew , Bowen Chris , Ben‐Arie Gal , Shelef Ilan , Wandschneider Britta , Koepp Matthias , Friedman Alon , Benninger Felix 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectiveBlood–brain barrier dysfunction (BBBD) has been linked to various neurological disorders, including epilepsy. This study aims to utilize dynamic contrast‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE‐MRI) to identify and compare brain regions with BBBD in patients with epilepsy (PWE) and healthy individuals.MethodsWe scanned 50 drug‐resistant epilepsy (DRE) patients and 58 control participants from four global specialized epilepsy centers using DCE‐MRI. The presence and extent of BBBD were analyzed and compared between PWE and healthy controls.ResultsBoth greater brain volume and higher number of brain regions with BBBD were significantly present in PWE compared to healthy controls (p < 10−7). No differences in total brain volume with BBBD were observed in patients diagnosed with either focal seizures or generalized epilepsy, despite variations in the affected regions. Overall brain volume with BBBD did not differ in PWE with MRI‐visible lesions compared with non‐lesional cases. BBBD was observed in brain regions suspected to be related to the onset of seizures in 82% of patients (n = 39) and was typically identified in, adjacent to, and/or in the same hemisphere as the suspected epileptogenic lesion (n = 10).SignificanceThese findings are consistent with pre‐clinical studies that highlight the role of BBBD in the development of DRE and identify microvascular stabilization as a potential therapeutic strategy.
Long‐term neuroplasticity in language networks after anterior temporal lobe resection
Authors: Sablik Maria , Fleury Marine N. , Binding Lawrence P. , Carey David P. , d'Avossa Giovanni , Baxendale Sallie , Winston Gavin P. , Duncan John S. , Sidhu Meneka K. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectiveAnterior temporal lobe resection (ATLR) is an effective treatment for drug‐resistant temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), although language deficits may occur after both left and right ATLR. Functional reorganization of the language network has been observed in the ipsilateral and contralateral hemispheres within 12 months after ATLR, but little is known of longer‐term plasticity effects. Our aim was to examine the plasticity of language functions up to a decade after ATLR, in relation to cognitive profiles.MethodsWe examined 24 TLE patients (12 left [LTLE]) and 10 controls across four time points: pre‐surgery, 4 months, 12 months, and ~9 years post‐ATLR. Participants underwent standard neuropsychological assessments (naming, phonemic, and categorical fluency tests) and a verbal fluency functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) task. Using a flexible factorial design, we analyzed longitudinal fMRI activations from 12 months to ~9 years post‐ATLR, relative to controls, with separate analyses for people with hippocampal sclerosis (HS). Change in cognitive profiles was correlated with the long‐term change in fMRI activations to determine the “efficiency” of reorganized networks.ResultsLTLE patients had increased long‐term engagement of the left extra‐temporal and contralateral temporal regions, with better language performance linked to bilateral activation. Those with HS exhibited more widespread bilateral activations. RTLE patients showed plasticity in the left extra‐temporal regions, with better language outcomes associated with these areas. Both groups of patients achieved cognitive stability over 9 years, with more than 50% of LTLE patients improving. Older age, longer epilepsy duration, and lower pre‐operative cognitive reserve negatively affected long‐term language performance.SignificanceNeuroplasticity continues for up to ~9 years post‐epilepsy surgery in LTLE and RTLE, with effective language recovery linked to bilateral engagement of temporal and extra‐temporal regions. This adaptive reorganization is associated with improved cognitive outcomes, challenging the traditional view of localized surgery effects. These findings emphasize the need for early intervention, tailored pre‐operative counseling, and the potential for continued cognitive gains with extended post‐ATLR rehabilitation.
Multi‐Objective Federated Averaging Algorithm
Authors: Geng Daoqu , Wang Shouzheng , Zhang Yihang 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe recent global trend is the convergence of information and communications technology (ICT). By applying ICT in various fields such as the humanities, new types of products and services are created, and new values that help people's lives can be created. AI can be selected as a representative technology in such convergence ICT. However, applying AI technology to actual production requires ensuring data security. Federated learning (FL) can achieve secure sharing of data, where all parties participate in model training locally and upload it to the server for aggregation. The data never leaves the parties involved, thus solving the problems of data privacy and data silos. However, FL faces issues such as high communication cost, imbalanced performance distribution among participants, and low privacy protection. To achieve a balance between model accuracy, communication cost, fairness, and privacy, this paper proposes a multi‐objective optimization‐based FL algorithm (M‐FedAvg). The multi‐objective optimization problem of maximising the accuracy of the global model, minimising the communication cost, minimising the variance of the accuracy, and minimising the privacy budget is solved by NSGA‐III. The experimental results show that the algorithm proposed can effectively reduce the communication cost of FL and achieve privacy protection for participants without affecting the accuracy of the global model.
The Milan Approach today
Authors: Telfener Umberta , de Bustis Enzo , Cazzaniga Enrico , Ferrari Federico , Floris Roberta , Ganda Gianluca , Giordano Cinzia , Giuliani Massimo , La Barbera Chiara , Marchiori Roberta , Mosconi Andrea , Mreule Simona , Pasini Beppe , Pezzolo Monica , Rosas Ricardo , Sacchelli Davide , Sannasardo Piero , Sbattella Fabio , Tettamanzi Marilena , Troielli Walter , Trotta Barbara , Barazzetti Arianna 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWhen asked what differentiates the Milan Approach now from the period when Luigi Boscolo and Gianfranco Cecchin were alive, the teachers at Via Leopardi remain humble. This article aims to explore the current identity of the Milan Approach. What is now the specificity of the Milan model? Do we have particularities that differentiate us from other clinical or therapeutic models? We still work according to the notion of the observing system, and we apply the three directives of the 1980s: hypothesizing, circularity, and curiosity. Is there a specific direction in which our approach is heading? Rather than attempting to take a picture of a status quo, this article seeks to represent the questions and doubts that organize a constant process in progress—as clinical work usually is. In this article, we wish to underline some aspects that are important to us and that we hold dear. We assert that the premises we have in common allow us to be flexible enough to keep in tune with current events and to address social issues that are of political relevance, in order to adapt to cultural changes.