bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thick and Diffuse Subarachnoid Blood as a Treatment Effect Modifier of Clazosentan After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Authors: Mayer Stephan A. , Aldrich E. Francois , Bruder Nicolas , Hmissi Abdel , Macdonald R. Loch , Viarasilpa Tanuwong , Marr Angelina , Roux Sebastien , Higashida Randall T. 
Published: August 2019

Background and Purpose—
Clazosentan, an endothelin receptor antagonist, has been shown to reduce angiographic vasospasm and vasospasm-related morbidity after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), although no effect on long-term functional outcome has been demonstrated. Thick clot on initial computed tomography is associated with an increased risk of vasospasm and delayed cerebral ischemia. In this post hoc analysis, we hypothesized that use of clazosentan in this subpopulation would provide stronger benefit.

Methods—
We analyzed SAH patients enrolled in the CONSCIOUS-2 and CONSCIOUS-3 studies (Clazosentan to Overcome Neurological Ischemia and Infarction Occurring After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage) and compared the effects of clazosentan 5 mg/h, 15 mg/h, and placebo starting the day after aneurysm repair. The analysis was performed separately based on the presence or absence of thick (≥4 mm) and diffuse (≥3 cisterns) SAH on admission computed tomography. The primary composite end point was all-cause mortality and vasospasm-related morbidity at 6 weeks, and the main secondary end point was the extended Glasgow Outcome Scale at 3 months, adjusted for admission clinical grade.

Results—
Of 1718 randomized patients, 919 (53%) had thick and diffuse SAH. The primary composite end point in this group occurred in 36% of placebo-treated patients (n=294), 30% patients treated with clazosentan 5 mg/h (n=514; relative risk, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.67–0.99), and 19% patients treated with clazosentan 15 mg/h (n=111; relative risk, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.36–0.80). Despite this, death or poor functional outcome (Glasgow Outcome Scale ≤4) occurred in 33% of placebo-treated patients, 34% of patients treated with clazosentan 5 mg/h (relative risk 1.02; 95% CI, 0.84–1.23), and 35% of patients treated with clazosentan 15 mg/h (relative risk 1.14; 95% CI, 0.88–1.48).

Conclusions—
In an enriched population with thick and diffuse SAH, clazosentan at a dose of 5 and 15 mg/h was able to significantly reduce vasospasm-related morbidity in a dose-dependent manner. The absence of an effect on long-term functional status likely reflects the complexity and multiplicity of factors that contribute to poor outcome after SAH.

Clinical Trial Registration—

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT00558311; NCT00940095.
Agreeing Adpositions in Avar and The Directionality-of-Valuation Debate
Authors: Rudnev Pavel 
Published: August 2019

Given the central spot afforded to unvalued features in current theorizing, the directionality of feature valuation is the subject of a lively debate in the syntactic literature. The traditional conception of upward valuation, whereby the unvalued probe inherits features from a valued goal in its c-command domain ( Chomsky 2000 , 2001 , Carstens and Diercks 2013 , Preminger 2013 ), has to compete with downward valuation ( Zeijlstra 2012 ), Hybrid Agree ( Bjorkman and Zeijlstra 2019 ), and bidirectional Agree ( Baker 2008 ), among others.Here, using data from Avar, I discuss the crosslinguistically rare phenomenon of adposition agreement, whereby certain adverbs, postpositions, and locative case forms undergo agreement with an absolutive argument. I set the stage by sketching the mechanism of case assignment and argument-predicate agreement in Avar ( section 1 ) and introducing the phenomenon of adposition agreement ( section 2 ). I then show that the agreement morphology on agreeing adpositions is a result of agreement rather than concord ( section 3 ). In sections 4 – 5 , I explore the consequences of adposition agreement in Avar for upward and downward valuation, concluding that upward valuation is better equipped to account for the observed patterns. In section 6 , I summarize the results of the discussion.
The Second Church Slavonic Translation of 1–4 Kingdoms: A Witness to the Proto-Lucianic Text
Authors: Bruni Alessandro Maria 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The article discusses several textual features of the second Church Slavonic version of 1–4 Kingdoms. It presents this tradition to scholars as new material for the study of the Antiochene or Lucianic recension of 1–4 Kingdoms, a text-type found in five Greek minuscule manuscripts. The Church Slavonic version has come down in two Serbian testimonies, dating respectively from 1418 and 1523–1543. The analysis shows that it represents a new witness, not only to the Antiochene recension of 1–4 Kingdoms as a whole, but also to its proto-Lucianic textual stratum. The investigation has furthermore brought to light the existence in this secondary tradition of an edition of 3–4 Kingdoms, presenting an otherwise unknown subdivision of the books. The textual arrangement is as follows: 3 Kingdoms comprises 3 Kgdms 2:12–11:41, while 4 Kingdoms consists of a combination of 3 Kgdms 11:42–22:54 and 4 Kgdms 1:1–25:30.
Haggai and Zechariah in Greek Psalm Superscriptions
Authors: Shepherd Michael 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The multiplication of psalm superscriptions in the Greek Psalter vis-à-vis the MT raises a question about whether such additions were prompted by the Hebrew or by the Greek text. The present article attempts to answer this question specifically regarding the addition of the names of the prophets Haggai and Zechariah in LXX-Pss 110; 111; 137; 138; 145–150 (= MT 111; 112; 138; 139; 146–150). The thesis is that these names were added secondarily and exclusively within Greek tradition, but the basis for the decision to do so in each case can be traced back to the main body of the Hebrew psalm behind the Greek translation in one of three ways. Thus, the superscriptions are not only part of the history of interpretation of the Greek Psalter but also part of the history of interpretation of the Hebrew text behind it.
Intervention for burnout among chemistry education undergraduates in Nigeria
Authors: Ezeudu Florence Obiageli , Nwoji Ijeoma Hope N. , Dave-Ugwu Priscilla O. , Abaeme Deborah Oluchi , Ikegbunna Nnonye Rebecca , Agugu Chiegeonu Valentina , Muoneke Mary Nneora , Alabi Ayodeji Olorunmeye , Nwefuru Bartholomew Chinweuba 
Published: August 2019

Objective The aim of this study was to determine how effectively rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT) could help university undergraduate students in chemistry to manage academic burnout. Methods We surveyed 468 undergraduates in the chemistry education program for eligibility and included the first 30 students who showed symptoms of high burnout. We randomly assigned 15 students each to the experimental and control groups. The Oldenburg Burnout Inventory for college students was used to assess students’ burnout at two different periods. The intervention was delivered using a manual for managing burnout. Results: Pre-test results indicated no significant difference in the burnout scores of the control group (mean = 51.43, standard deviation (SD) = 2.74) and experimental group (mean = 52.31, SD = 3.59), t(28) = 0.749. At post-test, the main effect of time on students’ burnout was significant: F(2.27) = 41.91, ηp2 = 0.599. The main effect of group on undergraduates’ burnout was also significant: F(1.28) = 1043.67, ηp2 = 0.974. There was a significant time × group interaction effect on burnout among participants: F(2.27) = 41.43, ηp2 = 0.597. Conclusion Our study findings showed that chemistry students could be helped to manage burnout symptoms, based on REBT theory. REBT methodology should be promoted among university undergraduates with symptoms of academic burnout.
Camouflage makeup improves quality of life in cancer patients with treatment-related skin changes
Authors: Wakeda Takako , Okamura Tsuyoshi , Kawahara Takuya , Heike Yuji 
Published: August 2019

Background: Cancer treatment causes various skin appearance changes, which affect quality of life (QoL) in patients with cancer. We examined whether camouflage makeup improves QoL in these patients. Methods: Skindex-16 and visual analogue scale scores of 39 female patients with cancer treatment–related skin changes were compared before and 2–3 months after self-administration of camouflage makeup. Results: Camouflage makeup was able to conceal almost all skin changes, improving QoL scores regardless of age, diagnosis, and site of skin changes. Use frequency was significantly higher in patients with skin changes on exposed sites compared with patients with unexposed sites. Conclusions: Even though the patients applied the makeup only when required, they were satisfied with its effect, which improved their QoL. Moreover, the makeup had a positive effect even in patients with changes in unexposed sites, suggesting that clinicians can recommend camouflage makeup to all patients to improve QoL.
Israeli Peace Nonprofits Promoting Social Good: Characteristics of Active and Inactive Organizations
Authors: Almog-Bar Michal , Cnaan Ram A. , Pitowsky-Nave Noga , Tury Krisztina 
Published: August 2019

Objectives: Our aim in this article is to understand the nonprofit organizations that declared to promote social good by focusing on peace and coexistence activities and assess why some survived under challenging contexts while others became inactive. Method: The study is based on a database of peace and coexistence organizations obtained from the registrar of associations in Israel. The nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) were divided into active and inactive organizations. Results: Our key findings suggest that Israeli-registered sustained peace/coexistence NGOs are those that do not focus on meetings between people from the conflicting sides, are centrally committed to peace/coexistence, and are anchored in the Jewish sector of the state. Conclusion: Our findings pave the way for social work entrepreneurs aiming to work toward peace and coexistence to better plan the establishment and sustainability of peace and coexistence NGOs.
Analytic Methods’ Considerations for the Translation of Sensitive Qualitative Data From Mandarin Into English
Authors: Ho Szu-Szu , Holloway Aisha , Stenhouse Rosie 
Published: August 2019

Background: In non-English or cross-cultural qualitative research, scholars have long debated the impact of involving translators on the transfer of meanings during the process of translation between languages. The management of sensitive data can even further complicate the research process when translators outside the research team are involved in the translation. Purpose: To discuss a translation method, which is drawn from a qualitative study, for managing sensitive qualitative data and enhancing research transparency. Method: Translation approach in qualitative research. Findings: The use of this translation method was revealed in this study to (1) enhance the researcher’s prolonged engagement with the data and intimate understanding of the meanings underlying participants’ experience, (2) to increase the transparency of qualitative data interpretation and analysis, (3) to facilitate sensitizing cultural nuances and finding meaning and concept equivalence during the process of data translation and analysis, and (4) to handle data more sensitively. Implications: This article has implications for the understanding of how researchers can work as an analyst and translator to develop research findings without the loss of meaning, to enhance transparency during the translation process, and to manage data more sensitively.
Assessment of HIV-related stigma and determinants among people living with HIV/AIDS in Abeokuta, Nigeria: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Oke Olaide Olutoyin , Akinboro Adeolu Oladayo , Olanrewaju Fatai Olatunde , Oke Olatunbosun Ayokunle , Omololu Ayanfe Samuel 
Published: August 2019

Introduction: HIV/AIDS-related stigma remains an essential barrier to the formulated care delivery and improved quality of life of people living with HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa. Only a few studies have evaluated stigma and its determinants as concerns people living with HIV/AIDS in Nigeria. Methods: A cross-sectional design study recruited 386 people living with HIV/AIDS attending the government clinic, Federal Medical Centre, Abeokuta, Nigeria, for the assessment of stigma using Berger’s HIV stigma scale and United States Agency International Development-recommended indicators and questions on HIV-related stigma among people living with HIV/AIDS. Data were analyzed using SPSS 21. Results: Of the 386 people living with HIV/AIDS, 322 (83.4%) were females and 64 (16.6%) were males, and 96.9% had disclosed their HIV status. Overall, mean perceived stigma score was moderately high at 95.74 (standard deviation = ±16.04). Majority (77.2%) of the participants experienced moderately perceived stigma. Among the subscales, disclosure concerns contributed the most to stigma score at 68.9%. Enacted stigma in the last 12 months was documented in 35.8% (138). There was no association observed between age, gender, marital status and HIV-related stigma. However, low education was associated with higher negative self-image perception (31.83 ± 5.81 vs 29.76 ± 5.74, p < 0.001). Furthermore, higher perceived stigma score was associated with abandonment by spouses (p < 0.001), isolation from household members (p < 0.001) and social exclusion (p < 0.001). We demonstrated a correlation between the domains of enacted stigma and Berger HIV stigma scales except for the loss of resources. Conclusion: Perceived HIV-related stigma is moderately high among people living with HIV/AIDS. Low education, disclosure concerns, spousal or household abandonment and social exclusion are the significant contributors. HIV-related stigma preventive interventions at different levels of care are advocated.
Four Major Defenses Against #Metoo Allegations Are Not Tenable
Authors: Sharma Indira , Srivastava Raj Kumar , Sharma Reet 
Published: August 2019

Introduction: The “Me too” movement against sexual harassment has spread in a big way on the social media with many men defending the allegations against them. Aim: To examine the current evidence on the 4 major defenses against sexual harassment—consensual sexual behavior, behavior as “normal,” complaint without proof has no meaning, and long delay in filing complaints. Method: The literature on “Metoo” movement against sexual harassment was retrieved and critically examined to determine the extent to which it supports the 4 defenses. Conclusion: The 4 major defenses against #Metoo allegations are not tenable.
Effects of two types of exercise training on psychological well‐being, sleep, quality of life and physical fitness in patients with high‐grade glioma (WHO III and IV): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Cordier Dominik , Gerber Markus , Brand Serge 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundThere is existing evidence on whether and to what degree regular exercise training improves the quality of life (QoL) among cancer survivors. However, in regards to patients with high‐grade glioma (HGG; WHO grade III and IV), no conclusive study has been performed so far. The present trial aims to fill this gap by examining whether psychological well‐being, sleep, QoL and physical fitness might be improved with two different types of exercise, as compared to an active control condition. Active control condition represent individuals participating at regular meetings to talk about their current life situation, though, the meetings were not intended as that of the psychotherapy group. Regular meetings are of the same frequency, duration, and intensity as the exercise interventions.MethodsA total of 45 patients with HGG after undergoing neurosurgery and adjuvant radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or chemoradiotherapy will be consecutively and randomly assigned to (a) an endurance training, (b) a resistance training or (c) to an active control condition. The intervention will last for 6 consecutive weeks, consisting of 2 weekly sessions (30–45 min per session). Measurements would take place at three time points, namely at the beginning of the study (baseline), 3 weeks after the beginning of the study, and 6 weeks after the beginning of the study. The last measurement also represents the end of the study. Aerobic exercise performance will be assessed objectively with a 6‐min walking test, and a handgrip test will be used to assess the upper body strength. Further, participants will complete a battery of questionnaires covering sociodemographic information, QoL, sleep quality and sleep patterns, coping with stress, state‐ and trait‐anxiety, depression, and fatigue. In parallel, experts will use the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale to determine and rate participants’ symptoms of depression.SignificanceThe present study will be the first to investigate and compare the impact of two different exercise modalities, namely endurance and resistance training, on physical fitness and dimensions of well‐being, and sleep among patients with HGG who underwent neurosurgery followed by adjuvant radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or chemoradiotherapy. Importantly, unlike the majority of previous studies, the control condition consists of an active set‐up to detect possible factual beneficial effects of exercise training, irrespective of social interactions.Trial registrationhttps://register.clinicaltrials.gov; identifier: NCT03775369
Short Sprints Accumulated at School Modulate Postprandial Metabolism in Boys
Authors: SMALLCOMBE JAMES W. , BARRETT LAURA A. , SHERAR LAUREN B. , SEDGWICK MATTHEW J. , SLATER TOMMY , TOLFREY KEITH 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT

Introduction
This study examined the efficacy of maximal sprint running accumulated during a typical school day to modulate postprandial metabolism in adolescent boys.

Methods
Nineteen adolescent boys completed three 2-d experimental conditions: a standard-practice control (CON), an accumulated in-school sprint running (ACC), and a single block of afterschool sprint running (BLO). On day 1, a fasting capillary blood sample was taken at 0735 h in the school. Three subsequent postprandial blood samples were taken at predetermined times after consumption of standardized breakfast and lunch. During ACC, participants accumulated four sets of 10 × 30-m maximal-intensity sprint runs across natural breaks in lessons. During BLO, participants performed the same number of sprints (40) in a single after-school exercise session. The blood samples from day 1 were replicated on the day after exercise (day 2).

Results
On day 1, no significant differences in total area under the plasma triacylglycerol concentration versus time curve (TAUC-TAG) were observed between conditions (P = 0.126). However, TAUC-insulin was lower in ACC compared with BLO (−26%, effect size [ES] = 0.86, P = 0.001) and CON (−22%, ES = 0.72, P = 0.010). On day 2, TAUC-TAG was 12% lower after ACC (ES = 0.49; P = 0.002) and 10% lower after BLO (ES = 0.37; P = 0.019) compared with CON. No significant differences were observed between conditions on day 2 for postprandial insulin or glucose (P ≥ 0.738).

Conclusion
Four sets of 10 × 30-m sprints, accumulated in four separate bouts (<5 min) during the school day, reduced postprandial triacylglycerol and insulin concentrations in adolescent boys and may represent an effective in-school exercise strategy to promote metabolic health.
Association between MRI background parenchymal enhancement and lymphovascular invasion and estrogen receptor status in invasive breast cancer
Authors: Li Jun , Mo Yin , He Bo , Gao Qian , Luo Chunyan , Peng Chao , Zhao Wei , Ma Yun , Yang Ying 
Published: August 2019

Objectives:In magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) is associated with breast cancer risk, but the associations between BPE and clinical characteristics and histological features are unknown. This study aimed to investigate the association between BPE and clinical characteristics (including age, menopausal status, and tumor histological characteristics) in patients with invasive breast cancer.Methods:This was a retrospective study of 163 patients with invasive breast cancer (164 lesions, 1 patient had bilateral cancer) confirmed by surgery and pathological examination, treated between January 2014 and December 2016 at our university (Kunming Medical University). The patients were divided into two groups: extremely minimal and mild enhancement (low BPE group, n = 78) vs moderate and marked enhancement (high BPE group, n = 86).Results:Compared with the low BPE group, the high BPE group showed higher frequencies of patients < 50 years of age (88% vs 38%, p < 0.0001), premenopausal (87% vs 29%, p < 0.0001), T1 staging (35% vs 15%, p = 0.027), Grade II (57% vs 37%, p = 0.03), lymphovascular invasion (83% vs 13%, p < 0.0001), and positive estrogen receptor (ER) (79% vs 42%, p < 0.0001). The Spearman correlation coefficients (r) between BPE and age, menopausal status, lymphovascular invasion, and ER status were −0.521 (p < 0.0001), –0.588 (p < 0.0001), 0.697 (p < 0.0001), and 0.377 (p < 0.0001), respectively.Conclusion:BPE is negatively associated with age and menopausal status, and is positively associated with lymphovascular invasion and positive ER status.Advances in knowledge:BPE is not correlated with T staging and histological classification in patients with invasive breast cancer.
Case Report: A rare case of BCGitis in a patient with bladder cancer treated with the BCG vaccine
Authors: Sousa Domingos , Antunes Silva Sérgio , Jorge Catarina , Rodrigues Ana Isabel , Martins Fernandes Rita , Viana Coelho Margarida , Rios Elena , Ferro Rodrigues Rita , Mingo Amparo 
Published: August 2019

The Bacillus Calmette Guérin (BCG) vaccine was initially produced as a vaccine against tuberculosis. BCG is an attenuated live strain of Mycobacterium bovis and has been widely used as an immunotherapy over the last years in bladder cancer. We describe a case of a 61-year-old Caucasian male with previous bladder cancer, who had been treated for the last 15 months with instillation of BCG, admitted with 3-week evolution history of fever (38ºC), asthenia, anorexia and a weight loss of 6kg. The patient’s condition deteriorated leading to sepsis. A liver biopsy was performed showing granulomatous dispersed through all the parenchyma. Empirical therapy for M. bovis was started with good response. Even though it is rare, BCGitis must be ruled out in any patient submitted to immunotherapy with BCG and prompt therapy started if disseminated disease is present, which improves the outcome.