bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Joseph Henry (The 220th Anniversary of His Birth)
Authors: Samokhin V. P. , Meshcherinova X. V. 
Published: August 2018

A brief overview of the main works and achievements of Joseph Henry, an eminent American scientist, the first director of the now world-famous Smithsonian Institute, is presented. He discovered many physical phenomena, but did not write about them and did not receive patents. Therefore, his discoveries were reopened by other people and bear their names. The name of Henry himself carries a unit of inductance. Henry was among the first 50 outstanding scientists included by President Lincoln in the US Academy of Sciences, and since 1868 was its permanent president.Discoveries and inventions made by Joseph Henry, underlie the work of most electrical devices. He created the most powerful electromagnet of that time, the world's first electromagnetic relay and electric bell, developed the first in the US model of a telegraph with an audible signal, provided unselfish support in the works of S.F. Morse and A.G. Bella. Henry discovered the phenomena of electromagnetic self-induction and transformation, conducted numerous meteorological observations. Being the main scientific adviser to the US government, he laid down the scientific foundations of weather forecasting methods and organized a federal meteorological service. There are interesting facts from Henry's life and work.
Salivary cortisol and nitrite concentrations in school teachers: A longitudinal pilot study
Authors: de Oliveira Silva Regisnei Aparecido , Agricola Nestor Persio Alvim , Guillo Lidia Andreu 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

Objective. Occupational/mental stressors, which may be evaluated with measurements of salivary cortisol concentrations, affect the endothelial function and has implications on cardiovascular health. Nitric oxide (NO) is known to have an important role in cardiac function and may also be assessed in the saliva, but its participation in physiological responses to hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis stimulation is still not completely understood. The aim of the present study was to test the hypothesis that salivary NO (as nitrite) and cortisol concentrations in school teachers vary throughout the academic year.

Methods. Saliva samples were collected from 13 teachers distributed across five secondary schools. The samples were collected at 6:30 a.m., 11:30 a.m., and 5:30 p.m. in the months of March, July, and December. Salivary cortisol levels were measured by enzyme immunoassay (EIA), and salivary NO concentration was determined by the quantification of nitrite. The area under the curve in relation to ground (AUC) was calculated to assess the cortisol and nitrite concentrations throughout the day.

Results. No significant changes were observed in cortisol or nitrite concentrations across the three periods of the school year, while cortisol and nitrite levels showed a low positive and significant correlation (r=0.3455, p=0.0336).

Conclusion. The results suggest that changes in salivary cortisol levels are accompanied by changes in salivary nitrite levels. This is the first time that such association has been demonstrated. These results encourage further studies aimed to confirm the importance of salivary NO measurement in relation to occupational stress and cardiovascular health.
Effects of Fibrinogen Levels and Platelet Counts on Viscoelastic Testing in Cirrhotic Patients
Authors: Tomescu Dana , Popescu Mihai , Vitin Alexander 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

Introduction. Cirrhotic patients have been considered for decades to have a pro-haemorrhagic pattern and were treated as such based on the results from standard coagulation tests. The aim of our study was to determine the effects of platelet count and fibrinogen levels on rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM) parameters.

Methods. We prospectively included 176 patients with End-Stage Liver Disease (ESLD) admitted to our Intensive Care Unit prior to liver transplantation. Collected data consisted of severity scores, liver, renal and standard coagulation tests, fibrinogen levels, platelet counts and ROTEM parameters. Four ROTEM assays were performed (ExTEM, InTEM, ApTEM and FibTEM) and the following parameters included: CT – clotting time, CFT – clot formation time, MCF – maximum clot firmness, ML – maximum lysis, alpha angle, TPI – thrombin potential index, MaxV - maximum velocity of clot formation (MaxV), MaxVt - time to MaxV, MCE - maximum clot elasticity and AUC - area under the curve.

Results. Statistical analysis demonstrated a linear correlation between platelet counts and ExTEM TPI (R2 linear =0.494), ExTEM MaxV (R2 linear =0.253), ExTEM MCE (R2 linear = 0.351) and ExTEM MCF (R2 cubic = 0.498). Fibrinogen levels correlated linearly with ExTEM MCF (R2 linear = 0.426), ExTEM TPI (R2 linear = 0.544), ExTEM MaxV (R2 linear = 0.332), ExTEM MCE (R2 linear = 0.395) and non-linearly with ExTEM CFT (R2 cubic = 0.475).

Conclusion. Fibrinogen levels and platelet counts had an important effect on both standard and derived ROTEM parameters. Further analysis is required in order to determine clinically oriented cut-off values below which severe coagulopathy would develop.
Emerging Infection with Elizabethkingia meningoseptica in Neonate. A Case Report
Authors: Arbune Manuela , Fotea Silvia , Nechita Aurel , Stefanescu Victorita 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

Background: Elizabethkingia meningoseptica are Gram-negative rod bacteria which are commonly found in the environment. The bacteria have also been associated with nosocomial infections, having been isolated on contaminated medical equipment, especially in neonatal wards.

Case report: Here, we present the case of a premature female infant born at 33 weeks’ gestational age, with neonatal meningitis. The onset was marked by fever, in the 5th day of life, while in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. The patient was commenced on Gentamicin and Ampicillin, but her clinical condition worsened. Psychomotor agitation and food refusal developed in the 10th day of life, and a diagnosis of bacterial meningitis was made based on clinical and cerebrospinal fluid findings. A strain of Elizabethkingia meningoseptica sensitive to Vancomycin, Rifampicin and Clarithromycin was isolated from cerebrospinal fluid. First-line antibiotic therapy with Meropenem and Vancomycin was adjusted by replacing Meronem with Piperacillin/Tazobactam and Rifampicin. The patient’s clinical condition improved, although some isolated febrile episodes were still present. The cerebrospinal fluid was normalized after 6 weeks of antibiotic treatment, although periventriculitis and tetraventricular hydrocephalus were revealed by imaging studies. Neurosurgical drainage was necessary.

Conclusion: Elizabethkingia meningoseptica can cause severe infection, with high risk of mortality and neurological sequelae in neonates. Intensive care and multidisciplinary interventions are crucial for case management.
PERNYATAAN KALA DAN ASPEK DALAM BAHASA ARAB: ANALISIS SEMANTIK VERBA
Authors: Nur Tajudin 
Published: August 2018

This research was a qualitative research using structural linguistic method. The findings showed that the conjugation of the perfect verbs (ma>dhi) into imperfect verbs (mudha>ri’) can reveal the concept of semantic time and aspect. It was found that the conjugation of verb from perfect (ma>dhi) to imperfect (mudha>ri’) expresses semantical concept of tense and aspect. Perfect verb expresses past tense, present tense, future tense, and perfective aspect, while imperfect verb expresses present tense, future tense, and imperfective aspect. The other constituents which had a role in expressing tense and aspect were auxiliary verb of kana, the particles of qad, sawfa, lan, and sa- prefix. The auxiliary verb of kana had a role to express past tense in the case of equational sentence or if it precedes imperfect verb, while if it precedes perfect verb, it expresses perfective aspect. The particle of qad expresses perfective aspect if it precedes perfect verb (ma>dhi), while the particle of sawfa, lan, and sa- prefix express future tense. In addition, to clarify the tense in Arabic adverb of time standing beside the verb also was used.
Peculiarities of the menstrual function of adolescent girls, internal migrants from the highland regions of Kyrgyzstan
Authors: Isakova Jyldyz , Sayakova Aynura , Beishenbieva Gulnara 
Published: August 2018

Objective: To study the nature of changes and peculiarities of the menstrual function in adolescent girls, internal migrants from the highland regions of the republic, depending on the length of stay in lowland areas.

Methods: Overall 387 migrants from high-altitude girls were examined. The obtained data were compared with those of 280 girls, permanent residents of Bishkek. We examined the residence duration in both highlands and lowlands, the age of the menarche, the length of the menstrual cycle, the number of menstruation days, the frequency and the amount of blood loss before and after moving to lowland conditions.

Results: Lengthening of the menstrual cycle and an increase in menstruation days, as well as, a slight increase for blood loss during menstruation were revealed. The change in place of residence also affects the regularity of the menstrual cycle, which may be due to some hypocoagulation state of the hemostasis system in them during de-adaptation to low-mountain conditions. These changes are particularly pronounced when the term of residence in the lowlands is up to 1 year.

Conclusion: Thus, the study of peculiarities of menstrual function and tendencies of its changes in response to the move from highland region to the lowland region for adolescent girls showed that there is a slight increase of a menstrual cycle and an increase in the menstruation itself. In addition, there was an increase in the amount of blood loss during menstruation. The change of place of residence influenced the regularity of the menstrual cycle as well, which may be due to some hypocoagulation state of the hemostasis system in them during de-adaptation to low-mountain conditions. These changes are especially expressed for girls who just move in to the lowland region and being there for up to a year.
I+D Los orígenes de lo incierto; nuevas aplicaciones en el campo de la Nanotecnología
Authors: Castang Montiel Gerardo , Cuéllar Torres Fredy Alberto , Melo Gutiérrez Edwar Jovani , Villareal Pardo Erik Alexey 
Published: August 2018

En el presente artículo se realiza una introducción a la nanotecnología, siendo ésta un campo de las ciencias aplicadas, dedicada a la manipulación de la materia a una escala nanométrica. Se presentan las distintas aplicaciones de la misma, presentando un particular interés en las soluciones ambientales. De igual forma se verifica el aporte realizado por los países involucrados e interesados en impulsar esta tecnología al interior de sus empresas, centros de investigación e instituciones educativas. A nivel nacional, se resalta el esfuerzo realizado por las entidades de investigación como Nanoescalar, Consejos de investigación y Semilleros de investigación interesados en impulsar esta temática.
Obtención de bioetanol carburante a partir de la remolacha forrajera (beta vulgaris l.) Como alternativa para biomas premontano - montano bajo.
Authors: Quintero Bertel Quelbis Román , Mateus Pineda Celso Libardo , Muñoz angulo Luis Guillermo , Torres pérez Jhoan Manuel 
Published: August 2018

El presente artículo está orientado a la presentación de una alternativa para la obtención de combustibles en Colombia, a partir de la Remolacha forrajera (Beta vulgaris L.), variedad Brigadier. Está conformado por dos componentes: agronómico y el biotecnológico. El primero, contempla el estudio de adaptabilidad y producción de una variedad de remolacha en el Bioma premontano – montano bajo y el segundo el proceso de obtención de bioetanol.
The Concept of Information Asymmetry as a Theoretical Substantiation of the Phenomenon of Public Non-Financial Reporting
Authors: Samusenko S. A. 
Published: August 2018

The global trend of widespread of public non-financial reporting makes the researchers face the task of finding its scientific basis. A unified theoretical and methodological basis of the concept of public non-financial reporting can be able to form the system of categories, laws, postulates and allow to implement effectively the processes of norm-setting, standardization and harmonization of public non-financial reporting with financial reporting. The purpose of the article is to provide the rationale for the choice of concept of information asymmetry as a fundamental theoretical basis to justify the phenomenon of public non-financial reporting.In the study the author applied the following research methods: analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, comparison, generalization, and a systems approach.The article provides the results of analysis of extension of public non-financial reporting and identification of the problems of its application in Russian firms. The author systematizes the theoretical concepts be able to explain a phenomenon of public non-financial reporting: concept of sustainable development, the stakeholder theory, the doctrine of fair contracts. The author also demonstrates that the concept of information asymmetry is unifying for all of them and can be used to explain the voluntary adoption of obligations for additional disclosure of non-financial measurers by business.There is a need for a further scientific discussion of ideas about the implementation of public non-financial reporting as a prescriptive institutional or voluntary signaling mechanism, problem of its standardization, the counteract unfair usage of non-financial reporting to strengthen the negative effects of information asymmetry and the reallocation of market goods.
Methodology of the Financial Analysis of Digital Companies
Authors: Kogdenko V. G. 
Published: August 2018

The subject of the article is the analytical procedures to assess the performance of digital companies. The purpose is to consider the peculiarities of digital companies on the basis of stakeholder theory, resource approach to analysis, as well as to develop the algorithms for analysis and their testing on the data of an existing company.The methodology which comprises 6 stages and takes into account the special features of digital companies is developed. The first stage assesses a sector of economy, its profitability, risk exposure and development trends. The rationale for the higher efficiency and risk exposure of the quaternary sector of economy is provided. At the second stage the competitive advantages of a company and its peer market position are analyzed. The third stage analyzes the distribution of the company’s cash flow using stakeholder approach to analysis. At the fourth stage the analysis of the fi position of the company is made on the basis of its cash fl w assessment which involves calculation of the company’s ratios of profi , business activity, liquidity and solvency. The fifth stage provides the analysis of investment activity and efficiency of the company on the basis of its operational and investment cash flows. The sixth stage considers the value factors which are directly connected to intellectual capital and goodwill. At this stage an “innovation reward” of the company is assessed. This reward represents the measurement of value factors in monetary terms and reflects the growth rate anticipated by investors when setting the share price.The proposed methodology makes it possible to analyze the performance of digital companies on the basis of stakeholder approach using publicly available information. The article can be useful for analysts assessing a company performance using its integrated reporting.
Peningkatan Sikap Tanggung Jawab dan Hasil Belajar IPS Tentang Pekerjaan Melalui Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Numbered Heads Together (NHT) pada Siswa Kelas III SD Negeri 1 Bago Semester 2 Tahun Pelajaran 2017/2018
Authors: Suhartini Anik 
Published: August 2018

Tujuan penelitian ini mendeskripsikan dan mengetahui Sikap Tanggungjawab dan hasil belajar siswa kelas III SD Negeri 1 Bago semester 2 tahun pelajaran 2017/2018 dalam pembelajaran IPS tentang pekerjaan dapat ditingkatkan melalui model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Numbered Heads Together (NHT).Tindakan dalam penelitian ini dilakukan 2 siklus. Setiap siklus terdiri 4 tahap : perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan, dan refleksi. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari sampai dengan April 2018. Proses pengumpulan data, pengolahan data-data, analisis data, pengambilan simpulan, dan penyusunan laporan penelitian membutuhkan waktu selama 4 bulan, yaitu pada bulan Januari sampai dengan April 2018. Tempat untuk mengadakan penelitian di kelas III SD Negeri 1 Bago. Subjek dalam penelitian adalah guru dan seluruh siswa kelas III SD Negeri 1 Bago yang terdiri dari 30 siswa, yang terdiri 18 perempuan dan 12 laki-la Hasil belajar IPS melalui model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Numbered Heads Together (NHT) mengalami peningkatan pada setiap siklus. Hal itu dapat dilihat dari persentase ketuntasan prasiklus 37%, meningkat menjadi 63% pada siklus I. Pada siklus II persentase ketuntasan kembali meningkat menjadi 97% dan telah memenuhi indikator keberhasilan yaitu sekurang-kurangnya 80%. Sikap Tanggung jawab siswa pada penelitian ini mengalami peningkatan. Pada siklus I data hasil pengamatan siswa mendapatkan skor rata-rata 10 dengan kategori cukup. Pada siklus II Sikap Tanggung jawab siswa meningkat dengan perolehan skor 12 dengan ketegori baik. Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa melalui model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Numbered Heads Together (NHT) dapat meningkatkan sikap tanggung jawab dan hasil belajar IPS tentang pekerjaan pada siswa kelas III SD Negeri 1 Bago semester 2 tahun pelajaran 2017/2018 secara signifikan.
Analisis Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Minat Berwirausaha Pada Mahasiswa Program Studi Manajemen Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Kadiri
Authors: Rahmadi Afif Nur , Heryanto Budi 
Published: August 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui minat berwirausaha dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi minat berwirausaha pada mahasiswa Prodi Manajemen Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Kadiri. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif. Populasi penelitian ini diambil dari mahasiswa Prodi Manajemen dengan sampel penelitian sebanyak 74 mahasiswa. Teknik penentuan sampel yang digunakan adalah Purposive Sampling. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan menggunakan SEM (Structural Equation Model) dimana alat yang dgunakan untuk mengembangkan model memakai SmartPLS3. Sedangkan untuk mencari faktor yang memengaruhi minat berwirausaha menggunakan analisis faktor yang disebut Exploratory Factor Analysis. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data dan pembahasan dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa minat berwirausaha mahasiswa prodi Manajemen Fakultas Ekoonomi Universitas Kadiri sangat tinggi dan dari hasil uji statistik dari beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi minat berwirausaha mahasiswa pada mahasiswa adalah faktor inovasi dan kreatifitas serta lingkungan teknologi. Sedangkan faktor-faktor yang lain seperti lingkungan sosial dan keluarga serta memiliki modal tidak signifikan, karena nilai t-statistiknya dibawah dari nilai kritis ±1,96. Kata kunci : Minat berwirausaha, faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi minat berwirausaha
High-resolution QSM for functional and structural depiction of subthalamic nuclei in DBS presurgical mapping
Authors: Dimov Alexey V. , Gupta Ajay , Kopell Brian H. , Wang Yi 
Published: August 2018

OBJECTIVEFaithful depiction of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) is critical for planning deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) has been shown to be superior to traditional T2-weighted spin echo imaging (T2w). The aim of the study was to describe submillimeter QSM for preoperative imaging of the STN in planning of DBS.METHODSSeven healthy volunteers were included in this study. T2w and QSM were obtained for all healthy volunteers, and images of different resolutions were reconstructed. Image quality and visibility of STN anatomical features were analyzed by a radiologist using a 5-point scale, and contrast properties of the STN and surrounding tissue were calculated. Additionally, data from 10 retrospectively and randomly selected PD patients who underwent 3-T MRI for DBS were analyzed for STN size and susceptibility gradient measurements.RESULTSHigher contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) values were observed in both high-resolution and low-resolution QSM images. Inter-resolution comparison demonstrated improvement in CNR for QSM, but not for T2w images. QSM provided higher inter-quadrant contrast ratios (CR) within the STN, and depicted a gradient in the distribution of susceptibility sources not visible in T2w images.CONCLUSIONSFor 3-T MRI, submillimeter QSM provides accurate delineation of the functional and anatomical STN features for DBS targeting.
Induction of aneurysmogenic high positive wall shear stress gradient by wide angle at cerebral bifurcations, independent of flow rate
Authors: Lauric Alexandra , Hippelheuser James E. , Malek Adel M. 
Published: August 2018

OBJECTIVEEndothelium adapts to wall shear stress (WSS) and is functionally sensitive to positive (aneurysmogenic) and negative (protective) spatial WSS gradients (WSSG) in regions of accelerating and decelerating flow, respectively. Positive WSSG causes endothelial migration, apoptosis, and aneurysmal extracellular remodeling. Given the association of wide branching angles with aneurysm presence, the authors evaluated the effect of bifurcation geometry on local apical hemodynamics.METHODSComputational fluid dynamics simulations were performed on parametric bifurcation models with increasing angles having: 1) symmetrical geometry (bifurcation angle 60°–180°), 2) asymmetrical geometry (daughter angles 30°/60° and 30°/90°), and 3) curved parent vessel (bifurcation angles 60°–120°), all at baseline and double flow rate. Time-dependent and time-averaged apical WSS and WSSG were analyzed. Results were validated on patient-derived models.RESULTSNarrow symmetrical bifurcations are characterized by protective negative apical WSSG, with a switch to aneurysmogenic WSSG occurring at angles ≥ 85°. Asymmetrical bifurcations develop positive WSSG on the more obtuse daughter branch. A curved parent vessel leads to positive apical WSSG on the side corresponding to the outer curve. All simulations revealed wider apical area coverage by higher WSS and positive WSSG magnitudes, with increased bifurcation angle and higher flow rate. Flow rate did not affect the angle threshold of 85°, past which positive WSSG occurs. In curved models, high flow displaced the impingement area away from the apex, in a dynamic fashion and in an angle-dependent manner.CONCLUSIONSApical shear forces and spatial gradients are highly dependent on bifurcation and inflow vessel geometry. The development of aneurysmogenic positive WSSG as a function of angular geometry provides a mechanotransductive link for the association of wide bifurcations and aneurysm development. These results suggest therapeutic strategies aimed at altering underlying unfavorable geometry and deciphering the molecular endothelial response to shear gradients in a bid to disrupt the associated aneurysmal degeneration.