bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Can we predict the refractive outcome after triple Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty?
Authors: Augustin Victor A , Weller Julia M , Kruse Friedrich E , Tourtas Theofilos 
Published: July 2018

Purpose: To analyze and correlate corneal parameters with refractive shift after Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty combined with cataract surgery (triple Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty). Methods: This single-center retrospective observational case series included 152 eyes of 152 consecutive patients undergoing triple Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty in the first eye for Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy. Patients were examined preoperatively, as well as at 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery. The main outcome measures were: refractive shift (predicted refractive outcome based on intraocular lens calculation compared to actual postoperative refractive outcome), central corneal thickness, corneal volume, anterior and posterior corneal curvature, and corneal densitometry. These parameters were analyzed and correlated with the refractive shift after surgery. Results: After 3 months from surgery, a mean refractive shift of +1.12 ± 1.10 D was observed and remained stable until the last follow-up at 12 months (+1.24 ± 1.07 D). Correlation analysis showed a weak but significant positive correlation between refractive shift and preoperative posterior curvature (rho = 0.314; p = 0.002) or preoperative posterior densitometry (rho = 0.227; p = 0.008). No correlation was found between refractive shift and preoperative central corneal thickness, corneal volume, anterior curvature, or anterior/mid-cornea densitometry. Conclusion: Changes of the posterior cornea may have an influence on the refractive shift. Patients with flatter posterior corneal curvature or higher posterior corneal density seem to exhibit a higher hyperopic shift. The weak correlations indicate a poor predictive value of any preoperative parameter used in our study.
Electronic consultation impact from the primary care clinician perspective: Outcomes from a national sample
Authors: Olayiwola J. Nwando , Potapov Anna , Gordon Alden , Jurado Jaime , Magana Candy , Knox Margae , Tuot Delphine 
Published: July 2018

Introduction Electronic consultations (eConsults) provide asynchronous, store-and-forward communication between primary care clinicians (PCCs) and specialists using web-based platforms, electronic health records or mobile applications. eConsults have demonstrated benefits in many areas of the Quadruple Aim, including educational value for PCCs. In this study, we explored the connection between eConsults and the Quadruple Aim using a unique national dataset of PCC-reported eConsult outcomes. Methods We conducted a retrospective study analysing registry data from the RubiconMD electronic consultation platform used by PCCs in 34 US states. We analysed PCC-reported outcomes from eConsults that took place between March 2017 and January 2018. PCCs were asked to select one or more of the following options after each eConsult: improved care plan, educational, avoided unnecessary diagnostics/procedures, avoided referral altogether or to wrong specialty, or no effect. Results PCCs reported an outcome for 3872 eConsults. eConsults for dermatology, endocrinology, and haematology-oncology were most common. Over one in four PCCs reported that the eConsult avoided a referral altogether or to the wrong specialty (26.3%) and avoided unnecessary diagnostics/procedures (26.1%). In 75% of eConsults, PCCs reported an improved care plan. Fifty percent reported that the eConsult was educational. Discussion PCCs in diverse practice settings reported substantial benefits from eConsults. In over half of eConsults, PCCs reported that the eConsult avoided unnecessary diagnostics/procedures, avoided a referral altogether or avoided a referral to the wrong specialty. Findings suggest that eConsults demonstrate important educational benefits, but may also influence PCC decision-making in a way that yields tremendous cost-saving potential and improved patient experience.
Elevated levels of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 1 predict outcome after acute myocardial infarction: A long-term follow-up of the glucose tolerance in patients with acute myocardial infarction (GAMI) cohort
Authors: Ritsinger Viveca , Brismar Kerstin , Mellbin Linda , Näsman Per , Rydén Lars , Söderberg Stefan , Norhammar Anna 
Published: July 2018

Objective:To investigate the long-term prognostic value of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 1 in patients with acute myocardial infarction.Methods:Patients ( n = 180) with admission glucose < 11 mmol/L without previously known diabetes admitted for an acute myocardial infarction in 1998–2000 were followed for mortality and cardiovascular events (first of cardiovascular mortality/acute myocardial infarction/stroke/severe heart failure) until the end of 2011 (median 11.6 years). Fasting levels of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 1 at day 2 were related to outcome in Cox proportional hazard regression analyses.Results:Median age was 64 years, 69% were male and median insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 1 was 20 µg/L. Total mortality was 34% ( n = 61) and 44% ( n = 80) experienced a cardiovascular event during a median follow-up time of 11.6 years. After age adjustment, insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 1 was associated with all-cause (1.40; 1.02–1.93, p = 0.039) and cancer mortality (2.09; 1.15–3.79, p = 0.015) but not with cardiovascular death ( p = 0.29) or cardiovascular events ( p = 0.57). After adjustments also for previous myocardial infarction, previous heart failure and body mass index, insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 1 was still associated with all-cause mortality (1.38; 1.01–1.89, p = 0.046).Conclusion:In patients with acute myocardial infarction without previously known diabetes, high insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 1 was associated with long-term all-cause and cancer mortality but not with cardiovascular events.
HDAC3-mediated silencing of miR-451 decreases chemosensitivity of patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer by targeting NEDD9
Authors: Chen Dong-qin , Yu Chen , Zhang Xue-feng , Liu Zhong-fang , Wang Rui , Jiang Min , Chen Hao , Yan Feng , Tao Min , Chen Long-bang , Zhu Hong , Feng Ji-feng 
Published: July 2018

Background: Treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) with docetaxel often fails due to the emergence of chemoresistance. Thus, restoring chemosensitivity to docetaxel-based therapies remains a challenge in mCRPC treatment. Methods: microRNA (miR)-451 expression was measured in docetaxel-treated prostate cancer cells and tumor tissues by quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction . Cell-counting kit 8 assay was performed to determine docetaxel chemoresistance. Neural-precursor-cell-expressed developmentally downregulated protein 9 (NEDD9) was identified as a novel target of miR-451 by dual-luciferase reporter system. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and co-immunoprecipitation assay were performed to confirm that histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3)/Sp1 (a highly evolutionarily conserved transcription factor) interacted with the Sp1 binding sites in miR-451 promoter. Results: miR-451 was found to be silenced in docetaxel-treated prostate cancer cells and mCRPC tissues. Low miR-451 expression was closely associated with a high Gleason score, high Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status score, visceral metastasis and poor prognosis. Low expression of miR-451 was significantly correlated with short progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) according to Kaplan–Meier analysis, and miR-451 was determined to be an independent poor prognostic factor for PFS and OS in mCRPC patients by univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. NEDD9 was identified as a new and functional target of miR-451. Restoration of NEDD9 partially reversed the effects of miR-451 on enhancing chemosensitivity of prostate cancer cells. HDAC3 was confirmed to be involved in silencing of miR-451 expression in prostate cancer cells. Conclusions: The current data revealed a new HDAC3/Sp1/miR-451/NEDD9 signaling axis that regulates the chemosensitivity of prostate cancer cells and represents a novel therapeutic target for chemosensitizing mCRPC.
Effectiveness and safety of 3 and 5 day courses of artemether–lumefantrine for the treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria in an area of emerging artemisinin resistance in Myanmar
Authors: Tun Kyaw Myo , Jeeyapant Atthanee , Myint Aung Hpone , Kyaw Zwe Thiha , Dhorda Mehul , Mukaka Mavuto , Cheah Phaik Yeong , Imwong Mallika , Hlaing Thaung , Kyaw Thar Htun , Ashley Elizabeth A. , Dondorp Arjen , White Nicholas J. , Day Nicholas P. J. , Smithuis Frank 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Background
Artemisinin resistance in Plasmodium falciparum has emerged and spread in Southeast Asia. In areas where resistance is established longer courses of artemisinin-based combination therapy have improved cure rates.

Methods
The standard 3-day course of artemether–lumefantrine (AL) was compared with an extended 5-day regimen for the treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria in Kayin state in South-East Myanmar, an area of emerging artemisinin resistance. Late parasite clearance dynamics were described by microscopy and quantitative ultra-sensitive PCR. Patients were followed up for 42 days.

Results
Of 154 patients recruited (105 adults and 49 children < 14 years) 78 were randomized to 3 days and 76 to 5 days AL. Mutations in the P. falciparum kelch13 propeller gene (k13) were found in 46% (70/152) of infections, with F446I the most prevalent propeller mutation (29%; 20/70). Both regimens were well-tolerated. Parasite clearance profiles were biphasic with a slower submicroscopic phase which was similar in k13 wild-type and mutant infections. The cure rates were 100% (70/70) and 97% (68/70) in the 3- and 5-day arms respectively. Genotyping of the two recurrences was unsuccessful.

Conclusion
Despite a high prevalence of k13 mutations, the current first-line treatment, AL, was still highly effective in this area of South-East Myanmar. The extended 5 day regimen was very well tolerated, and would be an option to prolong the useful therapeutic life of AL.
Trial registration NCT02020330. Registered 24 December 2013, https://clinicaltrials.gov/NCT02020330
Management of Medical Oncology Services in Canada: Redefined Workload With a Novel Supply-and-Demand Workforce Projection Model
Authors: Yip Steven M. , Loewen Shaun K. , Li Haocheng , Hao Desiree , Easaw Jacob C. 
Published: July 2018

Purpose: We developed a workforce-planning model to predict Canadian medical oncologist (MO) supply and clinical demand during the next 10 years. Materials and Methods: A forward calculation model was created to forecast the balance of MO supply and demand. MO supply was estimated by using Canadian Institute for Health Information, Canadian Medical Association, and Canadian Post-MD Education Registry data. Care demand was estimated by using data from Canadian Cancer Statistics and Alberta Cancer Registry. The Canadian Royal College MO Committee confirmed its face validity. Results: The MO workforce is expected to grow from 541 staff in 2016 to 830 staff in 2026. During this period, new hires will increase from 39 to 56 per year, and departures will increase from 15 to 24 per year. Although cancer incidence rates will grow from 202,149 to 257,497, a projected increase in MO supply will mean fewer initial consultations, from an average of 168.5 consultations per MO in 2016 to 129.2 consultations per MO in 2026. The initiation of systemic therapy is projected to remain stable at 102.3 new systemic therapy starts per MO per year. Conclusion: We have developed a forward calculation MO workforce model that predicts a growing Canadian MO workforce and redefines MO workload dynamics. MO providers will increasingly support more follow-up care with the initiation of multiple lines of systemic therapy relative to the medical management of patients at the time of initial cancer diagnosis. Workload metrics, including follow-up and new therapy initiation rates, must be measured to appropriately to meet increasingly complex and growing care demands.
Product Market Threats and Stock Crash Risk
Authors: Li Si , Zhan Xintong 
Published: July 2018

This paper examines the effect of product market threats on firms’ stock crash risk. Competitive pressure from the product market aggravates managers’ incentive to withhold negative information. When negative information is accumulated to a tipping point, the accumulated information comes out all at once and leads to an abrupt and large decline in stock price. Using a measure of product market threats, our regressions find that firms facing more threats are more prone to stock crashes. This result is confirmed by an instrumental variable analysis and a difference-in-difference analysis with an exogenous shock to market competition. This paper was accepted by Neng Wang, finance.
Submuscular plates versus flexible nails in preadolescent diaphyseal femur fractures
Authors: Chen L.-K. , Sullivan B. T. , Sponseller P. D. 
Published: July 2018

Purpose To compare patient characteristics, operative time, estimated blood loss (EBL), postoperative length of hospital stay (LOS) and complications after insertion and removal of submuscular plates (SMPs) versus flexible nails (FNs) for paediatric diaphyseal femur fractures. Methods We reviewed records of 58 children (mean age, 7.7 years SD 2.0) with diaphyseal femur fractures who underwent treatment with SMPs (n = 30) or FNs (n = 28) from 2005 to 2017 (mean follow-up, 22 months SD 28). Patients with pathological fractures or musculoskeletal comorbidities were excluded. Alpha = 0.05. Results Insertion of FNs was associated with shorter operative time (ß = –24 mins) and less EBL (ß = –38 mL) (both, p < 0.001) compared with insertion of SMPs, after adjusting for fracture type and time from beginning of study period. Removal of FNs was also associated with shorter operative time (ß = –15 min) compared with removal of SMPs (p < 0.001). EBL during removal was similar between groups (p = 0.080). The FN group had a shorter LOS after insertion (ß = –0.2 d) compared with the SMP group (p = 0.032). Four patients treated with SMPs and three treated with FNs developed surgical site infections. Two patients treated with SMPs and seven treated with FNs experienced implant irritation that resolved with removal. No other complications occurred. Conclusion Compared with SMPs, FNs were associated with shorter operative time (for insertion and removal), less EBL (for insertion) and shorter post-insertion LOS in patients with diaphyseal femur fractures. Level of Evidence III
Successful Chest Radiograph Reduction by Using Quality Improvement Methodology for Children With Asthma
Authors: Watnick Caroline S. , Arnold Donald H. , Latuska Richard , O’Connor Michael , Johnson David P. 
Published: July 2018

OBJECTIVES:
Implementation of an asthma clinical practice guideline did not achieve desired chest radiograph (CXR) usage goals. We attempt to use quality improvement methodology to decrease the percentage of CXRs obtained for pediatric patients with acute asthma exacerbations from 29.3% to &lt;20% and to evaluate whether decreases in CXR use are associated with decreased antibiotic use.

METHODS:
We included all children ≥2 years old at our children’s hospital with primary billing codes for asthma from May 2013 to April 2017. A multidisciplinary team tested targeted interventions on the basis of 3 key drivers aimed at reducing CXRs. We used statistical process control charts to study measures. The primary measure was the percentage of patients with an acute asthma exacerbation who were undergoing a CXR. The secondary measure was percentage of patients receiving systemic antibiotics. Balancing measures were all-cause, 3-day return emergency department visits and the percentage of pneumonia and/or asthma codiagnosis encounters.

RESULTS:
We included 6680 consecutive patients with 1539 CXRs. Implementation of an asthma clinical practice guideline was associated with decreased CXR use from 29.3% to 23.0%. Targeted interventions were associated with further reduction to 16.0%. For subset analyses, CXR use decreased from 21.3% to 12.5% for treat-and-release patients and from 53.5% to 31.1% for admitted patients. Antibiotic use varied slightly without temporal association with interventions or CXR reduction. There were no adverse changes in balancing measures.

CONCLUSIONS:
Quality improvement methodology and targeted interventions are associated with a sustained reduction in CXR use in pediatric patients with acute asthma exacerbations. Reduction of CXRs is not associated with decreased antibiotic use.
Radio Kraków jako medium cieszące się dużym zaufaniem społecznym – analiza serwisów informacyjnych
Authors: Cymanow-Sosin Klaudia 
Published: July 2018

Artykuł jest próbą oceny jednej ze stacji regionalnych – Radia Kraków, pod kątem poziomu zaufania społecznego, jakim cieszy się ono w opinii odbiorców. Autorka wychodząc od analiz dostępnych publicznie sondaży opinii publicznej przechodzi do badań na podstawie własnego monitoringu przekazywanych na żywo serwisów informacyjnych w tym medium oraz interpretacji funkcjonujących na stronie radia treści, zawartych w zakładce Wiadomości. Celem jest określenie zasad, jakimi kierują się twórcy medium w procesie budowania relacji zewnętrznych z potencjalnymi i rzeczywistymi odbiorcami rozgłośni. Ocena poziomu jakości przygotowywanych informacji oraz reguł ich upubliczniania pozwala na korelację wyników własnych dociekań z tendencjami ogólnymi, zgodnie z którymi medium radiowe w dalszym ciągu cieszy się największym zaufaniem odbiorców, spośród wszystkich nadawców w przestrzeni komunikacji masowej – od prasy, poprzez media elektroniczne, aż po nowe media.
PLANLI DAVRANIŞ TEORİSİ İLE WHISTLEBLOWING NİYETİNİN İNCELENMESİ: SAĞLIK SEKTÖRÜ ÇALIŞANLARI ÜZERİNDE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: TURAN Bülent , İPÇİOĞLU İsa 
Published: July 2018

Araştırmamızın amacı sağlık sektöründe çalışanların
whistleblowing'e yönelik niyetlerini Ajzen’in Planlı Davranış Teorisi (PDT) ile
açıklanıp açıklanamayacağını incelemektir. PDT, diğer birçok araştırmada niyet
ve onu etkileyen değişkenleri açıklamada başarılı olmuş, güvenilir bir
modeldir. Araştırma evrenini Bilecik ilinde yer alan sağlık sektörü çalışanları
oluştururken, tesadüfi örnekleme yoluyla elde edilen 122 anket formu örneklemi
oluşturmuştur. Araştırma sonucunda, PDT'nin davranışa yönelik niyeti açıklamaya
yetkin bir model olduğu ve çalışanların dışsal yollardan ziyade içsel yolları
tercih ettikleri bulunmuştur. İçsel süreçler içinde de bağlı oldukları ilk
amiri bilgilendirmeyi tercih ettikleri ortaya çıkmıştır. Tutumun etkisi bütün
değişkenler üzerinde istatistiki olarak anlamlıdır fakat öznel norm ve
algılanan davranışsal kontrolün etkisi her zaman diğer değişkenlerde
istatistiki olarak anlamlı değildir. Yasal ya da etik olmayan bir durumla karşılaşan
çalışanlarının oranı %36 ve bunların da %41’inin bu durumu bildirdiği bulunmuştur. Öznel norm açısından bakıldığında ise
çalışanların sosyal çevreleri ile iç çevrelerinden algıladıkları sosyal
baskının da farklı olduğu görülmüştür. Whistleblowerlar açısından ise, çalışanların
%60’ı bu kişileri kahraman olarak görmektedir.
Halkla 'İlişkiler'; Örgütlerin İlişki Yerleştirme Stratejileri ve İlişki Çıktıları Üzerine Ampirik Bulgular
Authors: İCİL TUNCER Aslı 
Published: July 2018

Bu çalışma ilişki yönetimi teorisini ardalanına alarak, örgütlerle
kamuların ilişkilerinin yapısını çözümlemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaç
doğrultusunda ilişki yetiştirme stratejileri ve çıktılarına ilişkin ampirik
kanıtlar arayan çalışma halkla ilişkileri, kuramsal bağlarının koparılarak sadece uygulamaları
yöneten bir anlayışla değil, örgüt ve kamularla ilişkileri yetiştirecek
stratejilere ve ilişkilerin çıktılarına odaklanan bir yönle sunmaktadır. Çalışma
ilişkideki her iki tarafın algılarını alan araştırması ile değerlendirmiş, örgütlerin ilişki yetiştirme
stratejilerinin etki büyüklükleri farklı olsa da ilişki çıktılarını etkilediği
sonucuna ulaşmıştır. Ayrıca, örgütlerin ilişki çıktılarına ilişkin öngörüleri
ile kamuların algılamaları arasında önemli farklar bulunmaktadır.
Popülerleşme Sürecindeki Altkültür Temsilcilerinin Yaşadığı Çatışmalar: Joker Örneği
Authors: ÜNLÜ Sezen , ÜNÜGÜR Nasıf Ali , KIR Bilal 
Published: July 2018

Sosyal bir varlık olan insan, gündelik
hayatta ve iş yaşamında diğer bireylerle etkileşim halindedir. Bireyler bu
etkileşime iletişim yoluyla dâhil olmaktadırlar; duygularını, düşüncelerini ve
isteklerini paylaşma eyleminde bulunurlar ve bu yolla kendilerini ve
diğerlerini değerlendirme olanağı bulurlar. İş yaşamı da sosyal bir sürecin
içinde gerçekleşmektedir. İster bireysel ister bir grup ya da takımın üyesi
olarak çalışma biçimine sahip olunsun, bireyler bireysel ve sosyal yönlerden
yani hem psikolojik hem de sosyolojik bir varlık olarak hayatlarını
sürdürmektedirler. Dolayısıyla iş yaşamındaki kazanımlar, değişimler, kaygılar,
hatalar, kayıplar, çatışmalar kısacası olan biten her şey, bireye psikolojik,
sosyolojik ve ekonomik olarak olumlu ya da olumsuz şekilde yansımaktadır.
Bireyler, iş yaşamı süresince değişen ve gerilim yaratan durumlara uyum sağlama
çabası göstermektedir; ancak çatışmalarla baş etme yöntemleri bireyden bireye
değişebilmektedir. Bu çalışmada temsil ettiği alt kültür popülerleşme sürecinde
olan alt kültür temsilcisinin yaşadığı çatışmaların düzeyleri, bireysel olarak
ve iş yaşamında ne tür çatışmalar yaşadığı, çatışmalar karşısındaki davranış
biçimi, yaşadığı çatışmaların olumlu veya olumsuz etkileri, çatışmaları yönetim
biçimi ve çözüp çözememe durumu üzerine odaklanılmıştır. Bu doğrultuda, yarı
yapılandırılmış görüşme tekniği ile elde edilen veriler yorumlanarak amaca
ulaşılmaya çalışılmıştır. ﻿﻿