bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Specific Targeting ofMTAP-Deleted Tumors with a Combination of 2′-Fluoroadenine and 5′-Methylthioadenosine
Authors: Tang Baiqing , Lee Hyung-Ok , An Serim S. , Cai Kathy Q. , Kruger Warren D. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractHomozygous deletion of the methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP) gene is a frequent event in a wide variety of human cancers and is a possible molecular target for therapy. One potential therapeutic strategy to target MTAP-deleted tumors involves combining toxic purine analogues such as 6′-thioguanine (6TG) or 2′-fluoroadenine (2FA) with the MTAP substrate 5′-deoxy-5′-methylthioadenosine (MTA). The rationale is that excess MTA will protect normal MTAP+ cells from purine analogue toxicity because MTAP catalyzes the conversion of MTA to adenine, which then inhibits the conversion of purine base analogues into nucleotides. However, in MTAP− tumor cells, no protection takes place because adenine is not formed. Here, we examine the effects of 6TG and 2FA in combination with MTA in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, MTA protected against both 6TG and 2FA toxicity in an MTAP-dependent manner, shifting the IC50 concentration by one to three orders of magnitude. However, in mice, MTA protected against toxicity from 2FA but failed to protect against 6TG. Addition of 100 mg/kg MTA to 20 mg/kg 2FA entirely reversed the toxicity of 2FA in a variety of tissues and the treatment was well tolerated by mice. The 2FA+MTA combination inhibited tumor growth of four different MTAP− human tumor cell lines in mouse xenograft models. Our results suggest that 2FA+MTA may be a promising combination for treating MTAP-deleted tumors.Significance: Loss of MTAP occurs in about 15% of all human cancers; the MTAP protection strategy presented in this study could be very effective in treating these cancers. Cancer Res; 78(15); 4386–95. ©2018 AACR.
TMPRSS2-ERG Controls Luminal Epithelial Lineage and Antiandrogen Sensitivity in PTEN and TP53-Mutated Prostate Cancer
Authors: Blee Alexandra M. , He Yundong , Yang Yinhui , Ye Zhenqing , Yan Yuqian , Pan Yunqian , Ma Tao , Dugdale Joseph , Kuehn Emily , Kohli Manish , Jimenez Rafael , Chen Yu , Xu Wanhai , Wang Liguo , Huang Haojie 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Purpose: Deletions or mutations in PTEN and TP53 tumor suppressor genes have been linked to lineage plasticity in therapy-resistant prostate cancer. Fusion-driven overexpression of the oncogenic transcription factor ERG is observed in approximately 50% of all prostate cancers, many of which also harbor PTEN and TP53 alterations. However, the role of ERG in lineage plasticity of PTEN/TP53–altered tumors is unclear. Understanding the collective effect of multiple mutations within one tumor is essential to combat plasticity-driven therapy resistance.
Experimental Design: We generated a Pten-negative/Trp53-mutated/ERG-overexpressing mouse model of prostate cancer and integrated RNA-sequencing with ERG chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequencing (ChIP-seq) to identify pathways regulated by ERG in the context of Pten/Trp53 alteration. We investigated ERG-dependent sensitivity to the antiandrogen enzalutamide and cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) inhibitor palbociclib in human prostate cancer cell lines, xenografts, and allografted mouse tumors. Trends were evaluated in TCGA, SU2C, and Beltran 2016 published patient cohorts and a human tissue microarray.
Results: Transgenic ERG expression in mice blocked Pten/Trp53 alteration–induced decrease of AR expression and downstream luminal epithelial genes. ERG directly suppressed expression of cell cycle–related genes, which induced RB hypophosphorylation and repressed E2F1-mediated expression of mesenchymal lineage regulators, thereby restricting adenocarcinoma plasticity and maintaining antiandrogen sensitivity. In ERG-negative tumors, CDK4/6 inhibition delayed tumor growth.
Conclusions: Our studies identify a previously undefined function of ERG to restrict lineage plasticity and maintain antiandrogen sensitivity in PTEN/TP53–altered prostate cancer. Our findings suggest ERG fusion as a biomarker to guide treatment of PTEN/TP53-altered, RB1-intact prostate cancer. Clin Cancer Res; 24(18); 4551–65. ©2018 AACR.
Target Door-to-Needle Time for Tissue Plasminogen Activator Treatment with Magnetic Resonance Imaging Screening Can Be Reduced to 45 min
Authors: Sablot Denis , Ion Ioana , Khlifa Khaled , Farouil Geoffroy , Leibinger Franck , Gaillard Nicolas , Laverdure Alexandre , Bensalah Zoubir Mourad  , Mas Julie , Fadat Bénédicte , Smadja Philippe , Ferraro-Allou Adélaïde , Bonnec Jean-Marie , Olivier Nadège , Dutray Anaïs , Tardieu Maxime , Dumitrana Adrian , Guibal Aymeric , Jurici Snejana , Bertrand Jean-Louis , Allou Thibaut , Arquizan Caroline , Bonafe Alain 
Published: May 2018

<b><i>Objective:</i></b> The purpose of this study was to demonstrate that the median door-to-needle (DTN) time for intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) treatment can be reduced to 45 min in a primary stroke centre with MRI-based screening for acute ischaemic stroke (AIS). <b><i>Methods:</i></b> From February 2015 to February 2017, the stroke unit of Perpignan general hospital, France, implemented a quality-improvement (QI) process. During this period, patients who received tPA within 4.5 h after AIS onset were included in the QI cohort. Their clinical characteristics and timing metrics were compared each semester and also with those of 135 consecutive patients with AIS treated by tPA during the 1-year pre-QI period (pre-QI cohort). <b><i>Results:</i></b> In the QI cohort, 274 patients (92.5%) underwent MRI screening. While the demographic and baseline characteristics were not significantly different between cohorts, the median DTN time was significantly lower in the QI than in the pre-QI cohort (52 vs. 84 min; <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.00001). Within the QI cohort, the median DTN time for each semester decreased from 65 to 44 min (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.00001) and the proportion of treated patients with a DTN time ≤45 min increased from 25 to 58.9% (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.0001). Overall, DTN time improvement was associated with a better outcome at 3 months (patients with a modified Rankin Scale score between 0 and 2: 61.8% in the QI vs. 39.3% in the pre-QI cohort; <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.0001). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> A QI process can reduce the DTN within 45 min with MRI as a screening tool.
Fluid Intake Habits in Type 1 Diabetes Individuals during Typical Training Bouts
Authors: Buoite Stella Alex , Yardley Jane , Francescato Maria Pia , Morrison Shawnda A. 
Published: May 2018

<b><i>Background/Aims:</i></b> Hyperglycemia may influence the hydration status in diabetic individuals. During exercise, type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) individuals may be challenged by a higher risk of dehydration due to a combination of fluid losses from sweat and increased urine output via glycosuria. So far, no study has characterised spontaneous fluid intake in T1DM individuals during active trainings. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A validated questionnaire was used to assess T1DM participants’ diabetes therapy, sports characteristics and fluid intake during training; results were then compared to an age- and sport-matched sample of non-diabetic individuals. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Ninety individuals completed the survey (<i>n</i> = 45 T1DM individuals, <i>n</i> = 45 matched controls). A proportion of T1DM ­individuals reported blood glucose levels greater than 10.0 mmol at both the start (28.9%) and end (24.4%) of the exercise. The mean self-reported fluid intake was greater in T1DM (0.60 ± 0.47 L·h<sup>–1</sup>) compared to that of the control (0.37 ± 0.28 L·h<sup>–1</sup>, <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.05). In spite of drinking fluid volumes in line with international guidelines, 84.4% of those with T1DM reported that they were still feeling thirsty at the end of their training session. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> T1DM individuals self-report spontaneously consuming fluid adequate volumes suggested by sport nutrition guidelines for non-diabetic athletes. Discrepancies in the T1DM subjectively reported feelings of thirst suggest that more education on hydration during exercise is needed for this population to adequately compensate for elevated blood glucose levels. It remains to be established whether fluid volumes suggested for healthy athletes are adequate for maintaining euhydration in T1DM patients due to their altered diuresis.
Impact of Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound on Logistics and Outcomes in Stroke Thrombolysis
Authors: Mazya Michael V. , Ahmed Niaz , Azevedo Elsa , Davalos Antoni , Dorado Laura , Karlinski Michal , Lorenzano Svetlana , Neumann Jiří , Toni Danilo , Moreira Tiago P. ,   on behalf of the SITS Investigators
Published: May 2018

Background and Purpose—
Diagnostic transcranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD) is commonly used in patients with acute stroke before or during treatment with intravenous thrombolysis (IVT). We aimed to assess how much TCD delays IVT initiation and whether TCD influences outcomes.

Methods—
We analyzed data from the SITS-ISTR (Safe Implementation of Thrombolysis in Stroke–International Stroke Thrombolysis Register) collected from December 2002 to December 2011. Outcomes were door-to-needle time, symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage, functional outcome per the modified Rankin Scale, and mortality at 3 months.

Results—

In hospitals performing any TCD pre-IVT, 1701 of 11 265 patients (15%) had TCD before IVT initiation. Door-to-needle time was higher in patients with pre-IVT TCD (74 versus 60 minutes;
P
<0.001). At hospitals performing any TCD during IVT infusion, of 9044 patients with IVT, 747 were examined with TCD during IVT. No treatment delay was seen with TCD during IVT. After multivariate adjustment, TCD during IVT was independently associated with modestly increased excellent functional outcome (modified Rankin Scale, 0–1; adjusted odds ratio, 1.28; 95% confidence interval, 1.06–1.55;
P
=0.012) and lower mortality (adjusted odds ratio, 0.73; 95% confidence interval, 0.55–0.95;
P
=0.022).

Conclusions—
We recommend that TCD, if performed, should be done during IVT infusion, to avoid treatment delay. The association of hyperacute TCD with beneficial outcomes suggests potential impact on patient management, which warrants further study.
British Quakers and Religious Language
Authors: Grant Rhiannon 
Published: May 2018

AbstractInBritish Quakers and Religious Language, Rhiannon Grant explores the ways in which this community discusses the Divine. She identifies characteristic patterns of language use and, through a detailed analysis of examples from published sources, uncovers the philosophical and theological claims which support these patterns. These claims are not always explicit within the Quaker community, which does not have written creeds. Instead, implicit claims are often being made with community functions in mind. These can include a desire to balance potentially conflicting needs, such as the wish to have a single unified community that simultaneously welcomes diversity of belief. Having examined these factors, Grant connects the claims made to wider developments in the disciplines of theology, philosophy of religion, and religious studies, especially to the increase in multiple religious belonging, the work of nonrealist theologians such as Don Cupitt, and pluralist philosophers of religion such as John Hick.
Wind Hazard and Turbulence Monitoring at Airports with Lidar, Radar, and Mode-S Downlinks: The UFO Project
Authors: Oude Nijhuis A. C. P. , Thobois L. P. , Barbaresco F. , De Haan S. , Dolfi-Bouteyre A. , Kovalev D. , Krasnov O. A. , Vanhoenacker-Janvier D. , Wilson R. , Yarovoy A. G. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThis article presents the prospects of measurement systems for wind hazards and turbulence at airports, which have been explored in the Ultrafast Wind Sensors (UFO) project. At France’s Toulouse–Blagnac Airport, in situ, profiling, and scanning sensors have been used to collect measurements, from which wind vectors and turbulence intensities are estimated. A scanning 1.5-µm coherent Doppler lidar and a solid state X-band Doppler radar have been developed with improved update rates, spatial resolution, and coverage. In addition, Mode-S data downlinks have been collected for data analysis. Wind vector and turbulence intensity retrieval techniques are applied to demonstrate the capabilities of these measurement systems. An optimal combination of remote measurement systems is defined for all weather monitoring at airports. In this combination, lidar and radar systems are complementary for clear-air and rainy conditions, which are formulated in terms of visibility and rain rate. The added value of the measurement systems for high-resolution numerical weather prediction models is estimated by an observing system experiment, and a positive impact on the local wind forecast is demonstrated.
Weather on the Go: An Assessment of Smartphone Mobile Weather Application Use among College Students
Authors: Phan Minh D. , Montz Burrell E. , Curtis Scott , Rickenbach Thomas M. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractMillions of people in the United States regularly acquire information from weather forecasts for a wide variety of reasons. The rapid growth in mobile device technology has created a convenient means for people to retrieve this data, and in recent years, mobile weather applications (MWAs) have quickly gained popularity. Research on weather sources, however, has been unable to sufficiently capture the importance of this form of information gathering. As use of these apps continues to grow, it is important to gain insight on the usefulness of MWAs to consumers. To better examine MWA preferences and behaviors relating to acquired weather information, a survey of 308 undergraduate students from three different universities throughout the southeast United States was undertaken. Analyses of the survey showed that smartphone MWAs are the primary weather forecast source among college students. Additionally, MWA users tend to seek short-term forecast information, like the hourly forecast, from their apps. Results also provide insight into daily MWA use by college students as well as perceptions of and preferential choices for specific MWA features and designs. The information gathered from this study will allow other researchers to better evaluate and understand the changing landscape of weather information acquisition and how this relates to the uses, perceptions, and values people garner from forecasts. Organizations that provide weather forecasts have an ever-growing arsenal of resources to disseminate information, making research of this topic extremely valuable for future development of weather communication technology.
Electrospun natural cellulose/polyacrylonitrile nanofiber: simulation and experimental study
Authors: Xiao Yaqian , Cao Yanjuan , Liu Yan , Xin Binjie , Lin Lantian , Sun Yanggang , Chen Zhuoming 
Published: May 2018

In this paper, we report on the fabrication and characterization of cellulose/polyacrylonitrile (cellulose/PAN) nanofiber via the electrospinning technique. The effects of voltage and blending ratio on the morphology of the electrospun cellulose/PAN nanofibers are investigated. The electric field distribution of the nanofiber manufacturing system is simulated by using finite element method analysis. The results show that the morphology and diameters of the nanofiber are obviously affected with the change of the electric field and blending ratio. The surface morphology, chemical structural, thermal stability, mechanical property and wettability of the cellulose/PAN nanofibers with different blending ratios are evaluated systematically. The thermal stability and mechanical property of the cellulose/PAN nanofibers have a certain improvement compared with pure cellulose nanofiber. The wettability of cellulose/PAN nanofibers is better than that of ordinary medical gauze.
Prevalence of Obesity, Prediabetes, and Diabetes in Sexual Minority Women of Diverse Races/Ethnicities: Findings From the 2014-2015 BRFSS Surveys
Authors: Newlin Lew Kelley , Dorsen Caroline , Melkus Gail D. , Maclean Monika 
Published: May 2018

Purpose The purpose of this study is to assess the weighted prevalence and odds ratios of obesity, prediabetes, and diabetes by (1) female sexual orientation (lesbian, bisexual, and straight) with racial/ethnic (Hispanic, non-Hispanic black, and non-Hispanic white) groups combined and (2) across and within racial/ethnic groups by sexual orientation. Methods A secondary analysis of pooled 2014-2015 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data from 28 states (N = 136 878) was conducted. Rao-Scott chi-square test statistics were computed and logistic regression models were developed to assess weighted prevalence and odds ratios of obesity, prediabetes, and diabetes with adjustments for demographics (age, income, and education), depression, and health care access factors. Results With racial/ethnic groups combined, lesbian and bisexual women, relative to straight women, had a significantly increased likelihood for obesity when controlling for demographics. Bisexual women were found to have significantly reduced odds for diabetes, compared with straight women, with adjustments for demographics, depression, and health care access factors. Compared with their non-Hispanic white counterparts, Hispanic lesbian women had significantly increased odds for obesity and diabetes, while non-Hispanic black bisexual women had a significantly greater likelihood for obesity, holding demographics, depression, and health care access factors constant. Non-Hispanic white lesbian women had an increased likelihood for obesity relative to their straight, ethnic/racial counterparts. Prediabetes subsample analysis revealed the prevalence was low across all female sexual orientation groups. Conclusion Sexual minority women, particularly those of color, may be at increased risk for obesity and diabetes. Research is needed to confirm the findings.
Increasing Industry Involvement in Otolaryngology: Insights from 3 Years of the Open Payments Database
Authors: Morse Elliot , Fujiwara Rance J. T. , Mehra Saral 
Published: May 2018

ObjectivesTo characterize industry payments to otolaryngologists in 2016 versus 2014 and 2015.Study DesignCross‐sectional retrospective analysis.SettingOpen Payments Database.Subjects and MethodsUsing the Open Payments Database, we identified otolaryngologists receiving payments from industry sponsors from 2014 to 2016. We characterized the number and value of payments per physician overall and by census region, as well as by sponsor subspecialty and payment type. Study years were compared via analysis of variance and Kruskal‐Wallis tests. Trends in payments to otolaryngologists were compared with trends in 21 other specialties.ResultsPayment to otolaryngologists increased 67% from 2014 to 2016—from $8.7 million in 2014 to $9.9 and $14.5 million in 2015 and 2016, respectively (P <. 001). While mean payment per compensated otolaryngologist increased ($1095, $1243, and $1834 in 2014, 2015, and 2016, respectively, P <. 001), median payments stayed relatively constant ($169, $165, and $172), suggesting an increasingly unequal distribution. Much of the increase is accounted for by an increased number of payments for consulting fees and physician ownership. Most payments were made by companies specializing in rhinology. Otolaryngology received the lowest industry compensation per physician among the surgical specialties examined and lower compensation than most nonsurgical specialties. The increase in payments to otolaryngologists was proportionally greater than all but 1 of the other 21 specialties examined.ConclusionsIndustry compensation to otolaryngologists is increasing and increasingly unequal, although it is still less than that in most other specialties. In otolaryngology, the Open Payments Database has not decreased physician‐industry relationships as intended.
Emotional well-being and social support in social housing neighbourhoods in China
Authors: Liu Jinhua , Chen Hongsheng , Chen Yang , Li Zhigang 
Published: May 2018

Objective This study investigated the effect of the number of close friends (within and outside of social housing neighbourhoods) on the emotional well-being of men and women in social housing neighbourhoods in China. Methods Data (n = 535) were collected in 13 social housing neighbourhoods in Guangzhou from September to December 2013 using the random sample method. The t-test, chi-square test, and linear regression analysis were used to analyse the factors influencing residents’ emotional well-being. Results Having a greater number of close friends living within the social housing neighbourhood had a significantly positive association with the respondents’ emotional well-being (regression coefficient = 0.473). The number of close friends living in nearby neighbourhoods was only positively related to women’s emotional well-being (coefficient = 0.433). Conclusions These results highlight the importance of friendship for residents’ emotional well-being. Especially for women, friendship outside the social housing neighbourhood is essential for good mental health. This conclusion is based on analysis of cross-sectional data, and reflects the directionality of social associations. The mental health of the poor warrants greater attention in China.
Easier operation and similar power of 10 g monofilament test for screening diabetic peripheral neuropathy
Authors: Zhang Qi , Yi Na , Liu Siying , Zheng Hangping , Qiao Xiaona , Xiong Qian , Liu Xiaoxia , Zhang Shuo , Wen Jie , Ye Hongying , Zhou Linuo , Li Yiming , Hu Renming , Lu Bin 
Published: May 2018

Objective The 10 g Semmes–Weinstein monofilament evaluation (SWME) of 4 sites on each foot is recommended for distal symmetric polyneuropathy screening and diagnosis. A similar method has been proposed to diagnose ‘high-risk’ (for ulceration) feet, using 3 sites per foot. This study compared the effectiveness of SWME for testing 3, 4 and 10 sites per foot to identify patients with diabetic neuropathy. Methods We included 3497 subjects in a SWME of 10 sites; records from the 10-site SWME were used for a SWME of 3 and 4 sites. Neuropathy symptom scores and neuropathy deficit scores were evaluated to identify patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Results The sensitivities of the 10 g SWME for 3, 4 and 10 sites were 17.8%, 19.0% and 22.4%, respectively. The Kappa coefficients for the SWME tests of 3, 4 and 10 sites were high (range: 0.78–0.93). Conclusions There were no significant differences in the effectiveness of 3-, 4- and 10-site SWME testing for diabetic peripheral neuropathy screening. SWME testing of 3 sites on each foot may be sufficient to screen for diabetic neuropathy.