bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Circ_0096710 facilitates tumor growth via controlling ADAM10 expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Dong Chaoqun , Li Zhilong 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundEsophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a global cancer related to the sixth largest cause of death. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have affected the progress of ESCC during recent years, but the mechanism is not completely clear. So here we probed the effects of hsa_circ_0096710 (circ_0096710) in ESCC.MethodsRelative levels of circ_0096710, miR‐1294, and ADAM10 were quantified by the quantitative real‐time reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction in ESCC tissues. Western blot assessed ADAM10, PCNA, MMP2, VEGFA, and OCT4 protein levels. Cell proliferative capacity was assessed by cell counting and cell colony‐forming assays. Transwell assays assessed cell migration and invasion. Angiogenesis was detected by tube formation assays. Stemness of cancer cells was estimated by sphere formation assays. Dual‐luciferin reporter and RNA immunoprecipitation assays determined the targeting relationship between miR‐1294 and circ_0096710 or ADAM10.ResultsRelative levels of circ_0096710 and ADAM10 mRNA were upregulated in ESCC cells, yet miR‐1294 was downregulated. Circ_0096710 silencing repressed ESCC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, and stem‐like properties. Moreover, circ_0096710 was an upstream target of miR‐1294, and miR‐1294 inhibition reversed the role of circ_0096710 downregulation in ESCC cells. Furthermore, ADAM10 was a downstream target of miR‐1294, and miR‐1294 overexpression suppressed ESCC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, and stem‐like properties by targeting ADAM10. Meanwhile, circ_0096710 upgraded ADAM10 expression through sponging miR‐1294. Also, circ_0096710 downregulation restrained tumor growth in mouse models.ConclusionCirc_0096710 upregulates ADAM10 via mediating miR‐1294 expression so as to accelerate the occurrence of ESCC, suggesting that circ_0096710 may be a potential therapeutic target for ESCC.
Australian dermatologists' prescribing behaviours for female androgenetic alopecia
Authors: Willems Anneliese , Sinclair Rodney 
Published: December 2024

AbstractFemale androgenetic alopecia (FAGA) affects approximately half of women during their lifetime and can have significant psychological impact. Despite its prevalence, treatment options have traditionally been limited. In this study, we examined the current prescribing patterns of Australian dermatologists for FAGA (n = 54), including the use of spironolactone, systemic minoxidil, topical minoxidil and combination treatments.
A thematic analysis of perioperative mortality following major renal surgery in Australia: where do we go wrong?
Authors: Hiwase Mrunal D. , Brien Sean , Catterwell Rick 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundMajor renal surgery describes a spectrum of operations with varying complexity and perioperative risk. This study aims to identify preventable issues contributing to perioperative mortality in patients undergoing major renal surgery.MethodsData was extracted from independent peer‐reviewed first‐ and second‐line assessments of perioperative mortality in the Australian and New Zealand Audits of Surgical Mortality (ANZASM) database from 2005 to 2015. A data‐driven thematic classification was performed by two independent senior assessors on Clinical Management Issues (CMIs) raised in ANZASM assessments. This was used to identify recurrent areas of vulnerability in patient management and means for risk reduction.ResultsEighty‐nine cases of perioperative mortality were included and 68 CMIs identified. Thirty CMIs pertained to pre‐operative issues, most relating to the decision to operate (10/30) or adequacy of pre‐operative assessment and optimization (9/30). Twenty‐three CMIs related to post‐operative concerns, mostly bleeding (7/23), though delayed complication recognition (3/23) and communication issues (5/23) were also noted. Intra‐operative CMIs were less common (15/68), but more directly causal to deaths. Most intra‐operative CMIs related to major vascular injury (5/15) or delayed conversion (4/15).ConclusionSeveral preventable clinical management issues were identified contributing to perioperative mortality. Most commonly, they concerned pre‐operative patient assessment and optimization for anaemia and cardiovascular disease. The most harmful CMIs, however, pertained to delayed conversion and vascular injury in laparoscopic major renal surgery. This article highlights several actionable changes to reduce peri‐operative mortality in major renal surgery.
Neuropathological and cerebrospinal fluid correlates of choroid plexus inflammation in progressive multiple sclerosis
Authors: Magliozzi R. , Hametner S. , Mastantuono M. , Mensi A. , Karimian M. , Griffiths L. , Watkins L. M. , Poli A. , Berti G. M. , Barusolo E. , Bellini B. , Rossi S. , Gveric D. , Stratton J. A. , Akassoglou K. , Magon S. , Nicholas R. , Reynolds R. , Howell O. W. , Monaco S. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAmong the intrathecal inflammatory niches where compartmentalized inflammation persists and plays a pivotal role in progressive multiple sclerosis (MS), choroid plexus (CP) has recently received renewed attention. To better characterize the neuropathological/molecular correlates of CP in progressive MS and its potential link with other brain inflammatory compartments, such as perivascular spaces and leptomeninges, the levels, composition and phenotype of CP immune infiltration in lateral ventricles of the hippocampus were examined in 40 post‐mortem pathologically confirmed MS and 10 healthy donors, using immunochemistry/immunofluorescence and in‐situ sequencing. Significant inflammation was detected in the CP of 21 out of the 40 MS cases (52%). The degree of CP inflammation was found correlated with: number of CP macrophages (R: 0.878, p = 1.012 x 10‐13) and high frequency of innate immune cells expressing the markers MHC‐class II, CD163, CD209, CD11c, TREM2 and TSPO; perivascular inflammation (R: 0.509, p = 7.921 x 10‐4), and less with meningeal inflammation (R: 0.365, p = 0.021); number of active lesions (R: 0.51, p: 3.524 x 10‐5). However, it did not significantly correlate with any clinical/demographic characteristics of the examined population. In‐situ sequencing analysis of gene expression in the CP of 3 representative MS cases and 3 controls revealed regulation of inflammatory pathways mainly related to ‘type 2 immune response’, ‘defense to infections’, ‘antigen processing/presentation’. Analysis of 78 inflammatory molecules in paired post‐mortem CSF, the levels of fibrinogen (R: 0.640, p = 8.752 x 10‐6), PDGF‐bb (R: 0.470, p = 0.002), CXCL13 (R: 0.428, p = 0.006) and IL15 (R: 0.327, p = 0.040) were correlated with extent of CP inflammation. Elevated fibrinogen and complement deposition were found in CP and in underlying subependymal periventricular areas, according to “surface‐in” gradient associated with concomitant prominent microglia activation. CP inflammation, predominantly characterized by innate immunity, represents another key determinant of intrathecal, compartmentalised inflammation persisting in progressive MS, which may be possibly activated by fibrinogen and influence periventricular pathology, even without substantial association with clinical features.
Interventions for comorbid learning disabilities
Authors: Espinas Daniel R. , Fuchs Lynn S. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractComorbidity, the simultaneous or successive co‐occurrence of two or more disorders in one individual, is common among individuals with learning disabilities (LDs). The topic has garnered much attention in the field of LD, with advances over the past three decades in describing, predicting, and explaining comorbid LDs. However, efforts to design, evaluate, and implement interventions for individuals with comorbid LDs have received far less attention. In this article, we focus on these critical matters. After discussing how comorbidity and LDs have been conceptualized, defined, and explained, we consider what the field has learned about how individuals with comorbid LDs respond to academic interventions and what approaches may be effective for supporting their educational development.
FNIRS‐Based Energy Landscape Analysis to Signify Brain Activity Dynamics of Individuals With Depression
Authors: Wu Yushan , Qiao Shi , Zhong Jitao , Zhang Lu , Wang Juan , Hu Bin , Peng Hong 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundMajor depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the most common mental disorders, and the number of individuals with MDD (MDDs) continues to increase. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an objective characterization and real‐time detection method for depression. Functional near‐infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a non‐invasive tool, which is widely used in depression research. However, the process of how the brain activity of MDDs changes in response to external stimuli based on fNIRS signals is not yet clear.MethodEnergy landscape (EL) can describe the brain dynamics under task conditions by assigning energy values to each state. The higher the energy value, the lower the probability of the state occurring. This study compares the EL features of 60 MDDs with 60 healthy controls (HCs).ResultsCompared to HCs, MDDs have more local minima, smaller energy differences, smaller variations in basin sizes, and longer duration in the basin of global minimum (GM). The classification results indicate that using the four features above for depression detection yields an accuracy of 86.53%. Simultaneously, there are significant differences between the two groups in the duration of the major states.ConclusionThe dynamic brain networks of MDDs exhibit more constraints and lower degrees of freedom, which might be associated with depressive symptoms such as negative emotional bias and rumination. In addition, we also demonstrate the strong depression detection capability of EL features, providing a possibility for their application in clinical diagnosis.
Small actions to promote conservation and sustainability
Authors: O'Halloran Chris 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn the context of recent anthropogenic climate change and the alarming loss of biodiversity, urgent action is required to safeguard our life‐sustaining ecosystems and implement effective sustainable conservation behavior change strategies. To attend to this concern, the present study explores the efficacy of the evidence‐based Tiny Habits® method in fostering behavior change for sustainability. To this end, a case–control pilot project was conducted with a small cohort of adults randomly divided into two groups: cases and controls. Both groups engaged in a 5‐day online program, selecting and practicing three Tiny Habits recipes daily. The conservation Tiny Habits group focused on sustainable actions, while the control group engaged in non‐conservation activities such as relaxation. The results revealed that practicing the Tiny Habits method resulted in an immediate and sustained increase in conservation actions, with lasting changes (up to 1 month) in the participants' behavior. The mean scores for the intervention group at baseline significantly differed from those immediately and at 1 month after the intervention (p = .0092 and p = .0033). These findings suggest that the Tiny Habits method can be a viable opportunity to cultivate sustainable habits in the long term.
More pubs—More problems? A longitudinal analysis of Swedish panel data
Authors: Norström Thor , Nilsson Tony , Svensson Johan 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIntroductionThe aim of the study is to estimate the association between bar density and nighttime emergency calls to the police.MethodsWe used a pooled cross‐sectional time‐series data set covering the Swedish 290 municipalities spanning the time period 2012–2021. As outcome we used nighttime emergency calls to the police and daytime emergency calls to the police as control variable. Bar density was measured as number of serving establishments licensed to serve alcohol after 1 am. The municipalities were classified into three socio‐economic (SES) categories: low, middle and high‐SES areas. We used survey data to estimate the prevalence of heavy episodic drinking (HED) for each of the three SES areas. We applied fixed‐effects modelling to estimate the association between bar density and nighttime police calls, implying that only within‐unit variation was exploited.ResultsFindings suggested that a 10% increase in bar density would result in a 0.46% (p = 0.001) increase in nighttime police calls. There was a marked gradient in the bar effect across SES areas; in high‐SES areas the effect was not significant, while the effect was twice as strong in the low‐SES areas as in mid‐SES areas. We also found that the lower the status of the SES area, the higher the prevalence of HED.Discussion and ConclusionsWe found a significantly positive association between bar density and nighttime police calls. However, the association was markedly stronger in low‐SES areas (which were also characterised by an elevated HED prevalence) than in high‐SES areas (distinguished by a lower HED prevalence).
What Sweden thinks about markets, capitalism and the rich
Authors: Ydstedt Anders , Zitelmann Rainer 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAttitudes towards the rich are far more positive in Sweden than in France, Spain, Germany, and Italy. Attitudes towards the market economy are also more positive in Sweden than in all other European countries, except Poland. Although Sweden is perceived by some as a model of ‘democratic socialism’, it has been 50 years since that this was – almost – the case. Today, Sweden is one of the ten most economically free countries in the world, although income tax is still above average. Corporate taxes are moderate, however, and inheritance, gift, and wealth taxes have been abolished. This article presents the findings of two surveys conducted by Ipsos MORI in Sweden. The first survey focused on perceptions of the rich, the second explored attitudes towards the market economy and capitalism.
Optimal lockdowns under constraints
Authors: Dagher Jihad C. , Parkinson Christian 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWe present a systematic examination of the impact of frictions on optimal pandemic response, bridging the significant gap between policy recommendations and implementation. We focus in particular on constraints in testing delivery and in lockdown efficacy in the context of a canonical pandemic model. The latter is modified for a more faithful representation of lockdowns. The paper sheds light on nuanced, and sometimes counter‐intuitive, relationships. It rationalizes key but divergent findings in the literature on the extent of substitution and complementarity between lockdowns and testing. It also demonstrates remarkable robustness in lockdown policy to changes in its efficiency.
Revealing the role of intangible factors on migration in MENA: Religious identity and freedom perceptions
Authors: Perihan Kırkıç Ayşe 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the role of intangible factors in the migration decision‐making processes of citizens from the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. While the existing literature often highlights economic factors as the primary drivers of migration, this research explores how religious identity and perception of democracy and freedoms—specifically, freedom of expression and electoral freedom—influence these decisions. Utilising data from the Arab Opinion Index from 2012 to 2020, the study covers nine MENA countries and considers variables, such as gender, education level, household economic status, age, residential area, religious affiliation, and views on social and political freedoms. The findings suggest that intangible factors, particularly religious identity and perceived lack of freedoms, significantly influence individuals' migration decisions, similar to economic factors. Individuals who identify as less religious, associate with a less religious social circle, and perceive that their freedoms are not protected are more likely to consider migrating. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of migration dynamics in the MENA region, providing policymakers with crucial insights to develop evidence‐based strategies addressing the complex drivers of migration.
Patients with functional gastrointestinal disorders spend less time in tertiary care when managed by a single clinician: results of a multicentre audit in South Australia
Authors: Mathias Ryan M. , Plush Samantha L. , Fairhead Elka J. S. , Ngoi Benjamin , Edwards Louisa , Day Alice S. , Bryant Robert V. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsFunctional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) impact quality of life and represent a significant burden on healthcare services. Guidelines recommend an early, positive diagnosis to reduce harmful over‐investigation in FGID patients. The aim of this multicentre study was to evaluate FGID management against current guidelines.MethodsA multicentre, retrospective evaluation of patients with a primary diagnosis of FGID across two tertiary gastroenterology services over a 12‐month period was performed. Time to diagnosis of a FGID, number of outpatient encounters, number and type of investigations performed and time to discharge from the outpatient service were assessed. Whether care was delivered by single or multiple clinicians was recorded. Statistical analysis was performed using Student's t test, logistic regression analysis and Kaplan–Meir curves.ResultsBetween June 2021 and June 2022, 275 individual patients were reviewed primarily for FGID. Median time to FGID diagnosis was 70 days (interquartile range (IQR): 0–175), over a median of four outpatient encounters (IQR: 3–6), with an overall time in service of 182 days (IQR: 105–344). When care was delivered by a single rather than multiple clinicians, patients were more likely to receive a FGID diagnosis early (hazard ratio (HR): 1.6, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.25–2.04, P < 0.0001), be discharged sooner (HR: 1.83, 95% CI: 1.44–2.33, P < 0.0001), with a trend towards less harmful investigations (odds ratio: 1.79, 95% CI: 0.96–3.58, P = 0.08).ConclusionsConsistent delivery of clinical care reduces healthcare utilisation in the management of FGIDs. Further studies are needed to identify optimal care models for managing outpatients with FGIDs.
The Co‐Infection of ISKNV‐II and RGNNV Resulting in Mass Mortality of Juvenile Asian Seabass (Lates calcarifer), Zhuhai, Southern China
Authors: Sun Qianqian , Ding Shan , Liu Xiangrong , Zhang Wenfeng , Yu Fangzhao , Fu Yuting , Li Yong , Dong Chuanfu 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTInfectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus (ISKNV) and nervous necrosis virus (NNV) are two common and important causative agents in marine‐cultured fish. However, high viral loads of both ISKNV and NNV in the same clinical case is unusual. In this study, a mass mortality event of Asian seabass Lates calcarifer juveniles occurred in Zhuhai, the main Asian seabass cultured area in mainland China. The fish samples were pooled for pathogen identification and both high viral loads of ISKNV and NNV were detected by real‐time microfluidic quantitative PCR and conventional PCR. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence showed that strong ISKNV signals were detected in spleen and liver, while strong NNV signals were detected in brain and eye. The tissue homogenates were inoculated into MFF‐1 cell and SSN‐1 cell, respectively. After several viral passages, both individual ISKNV and NNV were purely isolated from each other, and designated as ASB‐ISKNV‐23 and ASB‐NNV‐23, respectively. The whole genome sequences of ASB‐ISKNV‐23 and ASB‐NNV‐23 were determined and annotated. The result showed that ASB‐ISKNV‐23 and ASB‐NNV‐23 are composed of 112,236 bp and 4441 bp, respectively. Phylogeny analysis showed that ASB‐ISKNV‐23 belongs to ISKNV‐II sub‐genotype and ASB‐NNV‐23 belongs to RGNNV genotype. Collectedly, coinfection of ISKNV‐II and RGNNV were firstly documented in mass mortality of Asian seabass in mainland China. Importantly, both individual ISKNV‐II and RGNNV were purely isolated using two different permissive cell lines. Our study provides useful information for better understanding the complex pathogenesis regarding the coinfection with ISKNV and NNV in farmed fish.
Assessment of Lipid Profile in Oral Submucous Fibrosis: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Gupta Shruti , Sharma Deepti , Hooda Anita , Kamboj Mala 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundAn altered blood lipid profile has been considered as a diagnostic and/or prognostic marker for cancer. Since oral cancer is usually preceded by oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) and share common etiopathogenesis, thus researchers have tried to explore the role of blood lipid profile as a marker for OPMDs; however, no consensus has been made regarding the utilization of serum lipid profile as a biomarker for oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF). Thus, the present article aimed to validate serum lipid profile as a biomarker for OSMF.MethodologyPubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar and Clinical key databases were searched for relevant articles. Thirty‐six studies that met the eligibility criteria were included for qualitative review, however, out of these, 27 studies with specific data for OSMF and the control group were included in the meta‐analysis.ResultsA significant reduction in very low‐density lipoprotein (p = 0.042), low density lipoprotein (p = 0.006), high density lipoprotein (p = 0.020), triglyceride (p = 0.049) and total cholesterol (p = 0.009) levels in blood were observed in OSMF patients in comparison to healthy controls whereas no significant difference was seen in contrast to oral squamous cell carcinoma patients.ConclusionAlthough a significant alteration was observed in lipid levels in OSMF patients, considerable heterogeneity in all the studied parameters implies that blood lipid profile could not be used as a reliable biomarker for OSMF and require further investigation.
Identifying and Mapping Industrial Districts Through a Spatially Constrained Cluster‐Wise Regression Approach
Authors: Canello Jacopo , Vidoli Francesco , Fusco Elisa , Giudice Nicoletta 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe aim of this article is to exploit an innovative spatial econometric approach to map and study the evolving patterns of industrial districts (IDs). The procedure can be classified as a ‐means cluster‐wise regression procedure and is designed to detect homogeneous areas of subcontracting activity. These spatially contiguous aggregations of subcontractors are identified in terms of production function homogeneity and are defined as spatial regimes. Using this procedure, it is possible to detect two important sources of agglomeration economies that are commonly associated with the presence of an industrial district. The methodology is tested on a sample of Italian micro and small‐sized subcontracting firms operating in the footwear industry, showing its effectiveness in identifying the most commonly known IDs in this sector. Most ID regimes are persistent over time, despite the high turnover rates in the local subcontracting population after the 2008 financial crisis. These results can be explained by the presence of locally rooted competencies and context‐specific knowledge bases that persist despite the changing actors operating in the locality. Our evidence also shows that location in an ID does not necessarily entail benefits in terms of performance for subcontracting firms.