bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Water‐soluble carbohydrates during fermentation and baking of composite wheat and lentil flour—Implications for enhanced functionality
Authors: Portman Drew , Blanchard Chris , Maharjan Pankaj , Naiker Mani , Panozzo Joe F. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBackground and objectivesThe nutritional benefits of Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) have been widely acknowledged. Enriching wheat flour using pulses such as lentil flour is a way of increasing both the nutritional and functional content of wheat‐based foods. The properties of lentil that may have specific health benefits to the individual are also widely acknowledged. Functional compounds from plant‐based foods are commonly attributed to polyphenols, inhibitors, vitamins, and soluble and insoluble fiber. Water‐soluble carbohydrates, (WSCs) consisting predominantly of oligosaccharides, make up part of total dietary fiber. The beneficial role of oligosaccharides promoting probiotic health is widely acknowledged. Equally, it is recognized that oligosaccharides cause irritable bowel syndrome limiting the ability for some individuals in consuming pulses.FindingsWe investigated changes in water‐soluble carbohydrate (WSC) composition during the dough fermentation phase of bread making and quantified the residual WSC in the bread. As expected, the addition of lentil flour increased the WSC profile of the resulting composite flours which included raffinose, stachyose, ciceritol, and verbascose. A threefold decrease was observed only for verbascose during the dough mixing phase; however, during fermentation, raffinose and stachyose decreased, but ciceritol was not affected.ConclusionsThe baking process may reduce the effects of IBS suffered by some individuals who consume lentil products prepared by traditional methods. Our study concluded that bread prepared from wheat–lentil flour results in a more complex carbohydrate profile and may potentially enhance the prebiotic functionality compared with bread made from wheat alone.Significance and noveltyIt is now recognized that alternate sources of protein can be gained using plant‐based constituents. The functional properties of plant‐based compounds are also widely accepted. Processing, such as fermentation and baking, can alter the concentration and functionality of plant‐based compounds. In this study, we identified the changes in carbohydrate composition that occur in a wheat–lentil composite flour under the conditions of fermentation and baking.
Acute non‐heparin‐induced thrombocytopenia during hemodiafiltration in a patient with multiple myeloma
Authors: Morita Makiko , Nakanishi Kayoko , Masuda Kenta , Yoshida Kazuhiro , Shimomura Daiki , Ishida Atsumi , Shiga Shuichi , Ichiyama Satoshi 
Published: February 2019

Key Clinical MessageThis report demonstrates that not only heparin‐induced thrombocytopenia, but also hemodialysis conditions (platelet activation due to hemodiafiltration and heparin underdosing) may markedly reduce the platelet count and cause clotting in the hemodialysis circuit in patients in a hypercoagulable state. The clot prevention effects of bortezomib are therefore of great importance.
Restoring visual capacity after stroke using an intense office‐based vision therapy program: Three case reports
Authors: Axelsson Ingrid , Holmblad Anders , Johansson Jan 
Published: February 2019

Key Clinical MessageVisual function problems is a common, yet easily overlooked group of issues after stroke that may hamper the capacity to perform rehabilitation activities and resume daily tasks. We show the potential of an intense vision therapy program for restoring objectively measurable visual functions and documented improvements in activity‐based performance.
Efficient Separation of Light Lanthanides(III) by Using Bis‐Lactam Phenanthroline Ligands
Authors: Healy Mary R. , Ivanov Alexander S. , Karslyan Yana , Bryantsev Vyacheslav S. , Moyer Bruce A. , Jansone‐Popova Santa 
Published: February 2019

AbstractDue to the ever‐increasing demand for high‐purity individual rare‐earth elements, novel and highly selective separation processes are increasingly sought after. Herein, we report a separation protocol that employs shape‐persistent 2,9‐bis‐lactam‐1,10‐phenanthroline (BLPhen) ligands exhibiting unparalleled selectivity for light trivalent lanthanides. The highly preorganised binding pockets of the ligands allowed for the separation of lanthanides with high fidelity, even in the presence of competing transition metals, in a biphasic separation system. Notably, the selectivity trends of the BLPhen ligands towards metal ions across the lanthanide series can be chemically modulated by altering the molecular rigidity of the extractant.
Fluorescent Turn‐On Probes for the Development of Binding and Hydrolytic Activity Assays for mRNA Cap‐Recognizing Proteins
Authors: Kasprzyk Renata , Starek Beata J. , Ciechanowicz Sylwia , Kubacka Dorota , Kowalska Joanna , Jemielity Jacek 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe m7G cap is a unique nucleotide structure at the 5′‐end of all eukaryotic mRNAs. The cap specifically interacts with numerous cellular proteins and participates in biological processes that are essential for cell growth and function. To provide small molecular probes to study important cap‐recognizing proteins, we synthesized m7G nucleotides labeled with fluorescent tags via the terminal phosph(on)ate group and studied how their emission properties changed upon protein binding or enzymatic cleavage. Only the pyrene‐labeled compounds behaved as sensitive turn‐on probes. A pyrene‐labeled m7GTP analogue showed up to eightfold enhanced fluorescence emission upon binding to eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) and over 30‐fold enhancement upon cleavage by decapping scavenger (DcpS) enzyme. These observations served as the basis for developing binding‐ and hydrolytic‐activity assays. The assay utility was validated with previously characterized libraries of eIF4E ligands and DcpS inhibitors. The DcpS assay was also applied to study hydrolytic activity and inhibition of endogenous enzyme in cytoplasmic extracts from HeLa and HEK cells.
Luminescent Platinum(IV) Complexes Bearing Cyclometalated 1,2,3‐Triazolylidene and Bi‐ or Terdentate 2,6‐Diarylpyridine Ligands
Authors: Vivancos Ángela , Bautista Delia , González‐Herrero Pablo 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe synthesis, structure, and photophysical properties of luminescent PtIV complexes that combine cyclometalated 1,2,3‐triazolylidene and bi‐ or terdentate 2,6‐diarylpyridine ligands are reported. The targeted complexes represent the first examples of PtIV species with a cyclometalated mesoionic aryl‐NHC ligand. They exhibit moderate or weak emissions in fluid solution at 298 K arising from 3LC states, which become very intense in poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) matrices at 298 K. DFT and TD‐DFT calculations confirm that the chromophoric ligand is the cyclometalated 2,6‐diarylpyridine and show that the aryl‐NHC ligand exerts a beneficial effect on the emission efficiencies of these derivatives by increasing the energy of deactivating LMCT excited states with respect to comparable PtIV complexes with cyclometalated 2‐arylpyridine ligands.
Phosphazene Base tBu‐P4 Catalyzed Methoxy–Alkoxy Exchange Reaction on (Hetero)Arenes
Authors: Shigeno Masanori , Hayashi Kazutoshi , Nozawa‐Kumada Kanako , Kondo Yoshinori 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe organic superbase tBu‐P4 catalyzes methoxy‐alkoxy exchange reactions on (hetero)arenes with alcohols. The catalytic reaction proceeded efficiently with electron‐deficient methoxy(hetero)arenes as well as with a variety of alcohols, including 3‐amino‐1‐propanol, β‐citronellol, menthol, and cholesterol. An intramolecular version of this reaction furnished six‐ and seven‐membered ring compounds.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Decarboxylative Alkynylation of α‐Acyloxyketones by C(sp3)−O Bond Cleavage
Authors: Doi Ryohei , Yabuta Akimasa , Sato Yoshihiro 
Published: February 2019

AbstractPalladium‐catalyzed decarboxylative alkynylation of α‐acyloxyketones triggered by C(sp3)−O bond cleavage is disclosed. The decarboxylation strategy featuring a neutral reaction condition enabled an unprecedent catalytic alkynylation of a ketone enolate. The reaction was applied to a variety of substrates, giving desired products in good yields. We successfully obtained X‐ray crystallography of a new palladium–enolate intermediate that was synthesized by a reaction of [Pd(cod)(CH2TMS)2] with XPhos and α‐acyloxyketone at room temperature, indicating facile C(sp3)−O bond disconnection.
Synthesis of Functional Monosilanes by Disilane Cleavage with Phosphonium Chlorides
Authors: Santowski Tobias , Sturm Alexander G. , Lewis Kenrick M. , Felder Thorsten , Holthausen Max C. , Auner Norbert 
Published: February 2019

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is the group of Norbert Auner at the Goethe‐Universität Frankfurt am Main, Germany. The image depicts the Müller–Rochow process for the large‐scale production of methylchlorosilanes and celebrates the collaboration of scientific research and industry. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.201805787.
A {Tb2Fe3} Pyramid Single‐Molecule Magnet with Ferromagnetic Tb‐Fe Interaction
Authors: Li Han , Meng Xixi , Wang Mengmeng , Wang Yu‐Xia , Shi Wei , Cheng Peng 
Published: February 2019

Summary of main observation and conclusionThe influence of magnetic interactions to the magnetization dynamics was well experimentally studied in a 3d‐4f single‐molecule magnet (SMM) [TbIII2FeIII3(μ5‐O)L2(NO3)4Cl] (1, H4L = N,N,N’,N’‐tetrakis(2‐hydroxyethyl)ethylene diamine) and its diamagnetic‐ ion‐diluted samples. Significant ferromagnetic coupling between TbIII and FeIII ions and SMM behavior of 1 were observable, which proved clearly that the magnetic interaction between 3d‐4f spin carriers has also an excessive impact on fine‐tuning the magnetization dynamic behaviors of 3d‐4f complexes.
Point Mass or Little Billiard Ball? Molecular Dynamics Simulations Enhance Students’ Mental Models on the Ideal Gas Law in Tertiary Chemistry Studies
Authors: Schwedler Stefanie , Lyczek Michael 
Published: February 2019

AbstractDie Ausbildung von Konzeptverständnis in der universitären Physikochemie stellt angesichts der gängigen und auf abstrakte Repräsentation fokussierenden Lehrstrategien für Studierende wie Lehrende eine Herausforderung dar. Die in dieser Studie vorgestellte, webbasierte BIRC‐Lerneinheit zum idealen Gasgesetz fördert dagegen gezielt die dem Gasgesetz zugrunde liegende Teilchenvorstellung mit Hilfe maßgeschneiderter Moleküldynamiksimulationen. Empirische Untersuchungen zum Einsatz der Lerneinheit im ersten Semester des Studiums zeigen, dass so submikroskopische Vorstellungen ebenso gestärkt werden wie die Fähigkeit, diese Vorstellungen mit Formeln und Diagrammen zu verknüpfen. Insgesamt nehmen die meisten Studierenden die Lerneinheit als hilfreiche Ressource wahr.
Atrioventricular block can be used as a risk predictor of clinical atrial fibrillation
Authors: Zhao Xiao , Sun Chaofeng , Cao Miaomiao , Li Hao 
Published: February 2019

BackgroundAtrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia, with its incidence making up nearly one‐third of all hospital admissions. Atrioventricular block (AVB) is a conduction abnormality along the atrioventricular node or the His‐Purkinje system. The relationship between atrioventricular conduction block and AF is controversial.HypothesisThis study is designed to observe whether there is a correlation between AVB and AF, and which type of AVB has the most obvious correlation with AF.MethodsThis study retrospectively reviewed 1345 patients. We classified the AVB according to the AVB classification criteria. One hundred and two patients were excluded, and the final total sample size was 1243 patients, including 679 patients in the AF group (378, 55.7% males) and 564 patients in the non‐AF group (287, 50.8% males). AF group and non‐AF group were compared to observe the relationship between AVB and AF.ResultsThe I AVB have a relative statistical risk of 1.927 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.160‐3.203, P < 0.05) with the occurrence of AF. II AVB occupied the largest proportion, accounting for 67 cases (9.87%), and the statistical risk of II AVB in AF is 16.845 (95% CI: 6.099‐46.524, P < 0.000). III AVB has a comparative statistical risk of 17.599 (95% CI: 4.212‐73.541, P < 0.000).ConclusionsThe three types of AVB in the AF group were significantly higher than that in the non‐AF group. II AVB has the highest incidence rate compared with other types of AVB in the AF group. AVB can be used as a risk factor for AF occurrence.
Enantioselective Colloidosomes Based on Chiral Silica Nanoparticles
Authors: Levi Gila , Mastai Yitzhak 
Published: February 2019

AbstractPickering emulsion is one of the principal methods for the formation of colloidosomes, offering a high level of control over their size and permeability. In this article, we describe the synthesis of chiral colloidosomes based on chiral silica nanoparticles produced in a sol‐gel process combining a chiral (S)‐N‐1‐phenylethyl‐N′‐triethoxysilylpropylurea precursor with tetraethyl orthosilicate. Chiral colloidosomes with a typical diameter of 1.7 μm were obtained from Pickering assembly of partially hydrophobized nanoparticles, as confirmed by electron microscopy and FTIR spectroscopy. The enantioselectivity of the silica colloidosomes was confirmed by enantioselective adsorption of racemic dichlorprop herbicide solutions onto the capsules, as proved by circular dichroism spectroscopy. Similar chiral colloidosomes could be synthesized in this facile and low‐cost method, which are expected to be of interest in various chiral applications, especially those requiring controlled release. Overall, chiral colloidosomes could open a new gateway for the design of novel functional inorganic microcapsules.
Study of Epitope Imprinting for Small Templates: Preparation of NanoMIPs for Ochratoxin A
Authors: López‐Puertollano Daniel , Cowen Todd , García‐Cruz Álvaro , Piletska Elena , Abad‐Somovilla Antonio , Abad‐Fuentes Antonio , Piletsky Sergey 
Published: February 2019

AbstractOchratoxin A (OTA) is a carcinogenic mycotoxin produced by Aspergillus and Penicillium, which contaminates cereals like corn and wheat, in addition to beverages such as coffee, wine and beer. Chromatography is the preferred analytical method for OTA determination, but unfortunately this method is still elaborate, expensive and tedious. Alternative mycotoxin detection techniques involve assays and sensors based on molecularly imprinted polymers nanoparticles (nanoMIPs) as synthetic polymeric receptors mimicking antibodies. Herein we designed nanoMIPs for specific recognition of OTA using computational screening and docking of different acryl functional monomers. Subsequently, different nanoMIPs were prepared by solid phase synthesis using two OTA haptens, OTAe‐MIPs without carboxylic group and OTAb‐MIPs bearing the carboxylic group. NanoMIPs affinity towards OTA was analyzed by surface plasmon resonance, the results displayed dissociation constants for OTAb‐MIPs at 0.4 μM and for OTAe‐MIPs at 5.1 μM. Therefore, the results demonstrate that nanoMIPs recognition depends on the immobilization position of the OTA hapten as observed using antibodies.
Emergent Soft Lithographic Tools for the Fabrication of Functional Polymeric Microstructures
Authors: Rose Mark A. , Bowen John J. , Morin Stephen A. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractPolymeric microstructures (PMs) are useful to a broad range of technologies applicable to, for example, sensing, energy storage, and soft robotics. Due to the diverse application space of PMs, many techniques (e. g., photolithography, 3D printing, micromilling, etc.) have been developed to fabricate these structures. Stemming from their generality and unique capabilities, the tools encompassed by soft lithography (e. g., replica molding, microcontact printing, etc.), which use soft elastomeric materials as masters in the fabrication of PMs, are particularly relevant. By taking advantage of the characteristics of elastomeric masters, particularly their mechanical and chemical properties, soft lithography has enabled the use of non‐planar substrates and relatively inexpensive equipment in the generation of many types of PMs, redefining existing communities and creating new ones. Traditionally, these elastomeric masters have been produced from relief patterns fabricated using photolithography; however, recent efforts have led to the emergence of new methods that make use of masters that are self‐forming, dynamic in their geometric and chemical properties, 3D in architecture, and/or sacrificial (i. e., easily removed/released using phase changes). These “next generation” soft lithographic masters include self‐assembled liquid droplets, microscale balloons, templates derived from natural materials, and hierarchically microstructured surfaces. The new methods of fabrication supported by these unique masters enable access to numerous varieties of PMs (e. g., those with hierarchical microstructures, overhanging features, and 3D architectures) that would not be possible following established methods of soft lithography. This review explores these emergent soft lithographic methods, addressing their operational principles and the application space they can impact.
Biomimetic Self‐Cleaning Anisotropic Solid Slippery Surface with Excellent Stability and Restoration
Authors: Guo Pu , Sun Yimin , Zhang Yuqi , Hou Xueyan , Song Yanwei , Wang Ji‐Jiang 
Published: February 2019

AbstractAnisotropic slippery surfaces are widely used in anti‐fouling, smart control of liquid movement and directional liquid transportation. However, anisotropic slippery liquid‐infused porous surfaces (SLIPS) cannot meet the need of practical applications owing to loss and contamination of liquid lubricants. Inspired by solid epicuticular wax on the surface of land plant leaves, we herein report a type of biomimetic anisotropic solid slippery surface (ASSS) based on paraffin wax‐incorporated paper with directional micro‐grooves. This ASSS material shows anisotropic sliding behavior for liquid droplets with different surface tensions. It is demonstrated to be of excellent stability compared with SLIPS as the solid lubricant cannot be lost and stain the contacting surfaces. It also exhibits outstanding acid and alkali corrosion resistance and restoration capability upon physical damage. Both hydrophilic and hydrophobic contaminants on our ASSS can be self‐cleaned by using only water droplets. Our ASSS extends the fabrication of new slippery materials and overcomes some drawbacks of SLIPS.
Self‐Sorting of Rosette‐Forming Naphthalene Barbiturates into Distinct Toroidal Assemblies
Authors: Aratsu Keisuke , Yagai Shiki 
Published: February 2019

AbstractA unique narcissistic self‐sorting system is composed of two structurally similar mono‐ and bisnaphthalene‐based supramolecular monomers. Upon cooling the pure mono‐ and bisnaphthalene monomers in a nonpolar solvent, toroidal and helicoidally elongated supramolecular polymers were obtained, respectively, through the nucleation‐elongation mechanism. When a 1 : 1 mixture of these monomers was similarly cooled, we obtained self‐sorted mixtures of smaller and larger toroidal supramolecular polymers with diameters of 15 and 26 nm, respectively. Absorption spectroscopic studies revealed that the mononaphthalene monomers prevents the bisnaphthalene monomers from forming nuclei, leading to a less cooperative polymerization process.
An Automated Assay to Measure Phagocytosis of Cryptococcus neoformans
Authors: Chang Andrew L. , Hole Camaron R. , Doering Tamara L. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractCryptococcus neoformans is an opportunistic fungal pathogen that causes meningoencephalitis, which kills 200,000 individuals worldwide each year. It is ubiquitous in the environment and is first inhaled into the lungs of the host, where it is taken up by phagocytes. The interaction of these fungal cells with host phagocytes, therefore, is a critical step in the pathogenesis of this disease. One characteristic of this initial step in host–pathogen interactions is the avidity with which fungal cells are taken up by phagocytes, described by the phagocytic index. In this chapter, we detail a high‐throughput method of directly assessing the phagocytic index of fungal cells using an imaging‐based paradigm. By automating image collection and processing, this method permits rapid assessment of this critical host interaction. © 2019 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Evaluation of the Effects of a Monthly Buprenorphine Depot Subcutaneous Injection on QT Interval During Treatment for Opioid Use Disorder
Authors: Schmith Virginia D. , Curd Laura , Lohmer Lauren R. L. , Laffont Celine M. , Andorn Anne , Young Malcolm A. 
Published: February 2019

Extensive 12‐lead electrocardiogram monitoring and drug concentrations were obtained during development of BUP‐XR, a monthly subcutaneous injection for the treatment of opioid use disorder (OUD). Matched QT and plasma drug concentrations (11,925) from 1,114 subjects were pooled from 5 studies in OUD. A concentration‐QT model was developed, which accounted for confounding factors (e.g., comedications) affecting heart rate and heart rate‐corrected QT interval (QTc). Bias‐corrected nonparametric two‐sided 90% confidence intervals (CIs) were derived for the mean predicted effect of BUP‐XR on QTc (ΔQTc) at therapeutic and supratherapeutic doses. Changes in QTc were associated with age, central vs. noncentral reading, sex, methadone, and barbiturates. The upper 90% CI of ΔQTc was 0.29, 0.67, and 1.34 ms at the steady‐state peak concentration (Cmax) for 100, 300, and 2 × 300 mg doses, respectively. An effect of BUP‐XR on QT can be ruled out at therapeutic and supratherapeutic doses of BUP‐XR, after accounting for covariates that may influence heart rate and QT interval in OUD.
Catalytic Hydrogen Production Using A Cobalt Catalyst Bearing a Phosphinoamine Ligand
Authors: Yang Zhennan , Pang Maofu , Xia Shu‐Guang , Gao Xiao‐Ya , Guo Qing , Li Xu‐Bing , Tung Chen‐Ho , Wu Li‐Zhu , Wang Wenguang 
Published: February 2019

AbstractWe describe a cobalt(III) complex bearing a phosphinoamine ligand, [Cp*Co(1,2‐Ph2PC6H4NH2)(Cl)]Cl (1), as a proton reduction catalyst which is not only electrochemically active but also delivers good photocatalytic performance. In a system containing semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) and ascorbic acid, complex 1 achieves proton reduction, producing H2 with a turnover number >10000 and an apparent quantum yield of 5.51 % at 450 nm. The important role of the nitrogen basic site in the cobalt first coordination sphere is demonstrated by the difference in the reactivity of two cobalt complexes 1 and [Cp*Co(1,2‐Ph2PC6H4N(Me)2)(Cl)]Cl (2), in which the latter, with a tertiary amine leads to a lower turnover number of circa 6000 for proton reduction.