bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and Flight Test Results of a Small UAS Distributed Flush Airdata System
Authors: Laurence Roger J. , Argrow Brian M. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractSmall unmanned aircraft systems (sUAS) have proven their effectiveness for measuring both the inertial and aircraft-relative wind. One of the more common aircraft-relative wind instruments is the multihole probe (MHP). While the MHP is accurate and simple to use, two main drawbacks exist: 1) the MHP airdata system can cost several times that of the sUAS and 2) the probe itself is often exposed to damage during routine operations. Flush airdata systems (FADS) are an alternative approach and utilize pressure ports flush with the aircraft surface. This removes any external components, thereby mitigating the risk of damage to the airdata system. The work presented details the implementation of a FADS for sUAS. Computational fluid dynamics simulations were used to determine the port locations of the FADS. Airframe locations were sorted based on the total sensitivity over a range of angles of attack and sideslip. The FADS was calibrated in flight using an onboard MHP. Multilayer feedforward neural networks were employed to produce estimates of the angle of attack and sideslip, while static and stagnation ports on the fuselage measured airspeed. Results from flight testing show errors in angle of attack and sideslip were unbiased. Additionally, 97.9% of the errors in airspeed were within 1 m s−1 of the MHP, while 93.8% and 87.3% of the angle of attack and sideslip errors, respectively, were within 1°. Flight tests show that a FADS can be calibrated in flight and that it is an effective method for measuring the aircraft-relative wind from small UAS.
A Technique for the Verification of Precipitation Forecasts and Its Application to a Problem of Predictability
Authors: Han Fan , Szunyogh Istvan 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
A new morphing-based technique is proposed for the verification of precipitation forecasts for which the location error can be described by a spatial shift. An adaptation of the structural similarity index measure (SSIM) of image processing to the precipitation forecast verification problem, called the amplitude and structural similarity index (ASSIM), is also introduced. ASSIM is used to measure both the convergence of the new morphing algorithm, which is an iterative scheme, and the amplitude and structure component of the forecast error. The behavior of the proposed technique, which could also be applied to other forecast parameters with sharp gradients (e.g., potential vorticity), is illustrated with idealized and realistic examples. One of these examples examines the predictability of the location of precipitation events associated with winter storms. It is found that the functional dependence of the average magnitude of the location error on the forecast lead time is qualitatively similar to that of the root-mean-square error of the fields of the conventional atmospheric state variables (e.g., geopotential height). Quantitatively, the average magnitude of the estimated location error is about 40 km at initial time, 110 km at day 1, 250 km at day 3, and 750 km at week 1, and it eventually saturates at about week 2.
Implementation of a Standardized Data-Collection System for Comprehensive Appraisal of Cleft Care
Authors: Bittar Peter G. , Carlson Anna R. , Mabie-DeRuyter Ann , Marcus Jeffrey R. , Allori Alexander C. 
Published: March 2018

Objective: Our objective is to describe the process of adapting a conceptual framework into a practical toolkit for one cleft team. Design: This is a single-arm implementation study in a single institution. Setting: Implementation took place at a mid-sized multidisciplinary clinic for patients with cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) from urban/suburban and rural areas across North Carolina and neighboring states. Participants: Eligible participants were patients with CL/P from English-speaking families. Sixty patients entered and finished the study. Interventions: The implementation of a prospective data collection system based on the International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement (ICHOM) standard set of outcome measures for CL/P was accomplished in multiple stages. Patient- and clinician-reported forms and protocols for gathering data were created. Team members were trained and the system was tested; finally, the system was deployed. Main outcome measures: Success was appraised using the RE-AIM framework to assess reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, and maintenance. Results: Ninety-eight percent of patients and all team members agreed to participate. Ninety-four percent of required data were captured. Adaptations to friction points were made; specifically, visible reminders were affixed to charts, primary clinicians were required to assume data entry responsibility, and e-mail reminders were instituted. Development cost was US$7707; average time cost per clinician was 21 min/wk. Conclusions: Conceptual frameworks for outcomes studies must be tailored to their environments; otherwise, they cannot be practically implemented and sustained. We present this process for a cleft team using the ICHOM standard set. The process may help other teams implement the standard set or other conceptual frameworks.
Electrocardiographic-guided tip positioning technique for peripherally inserted central catheters in a Dutch teaching hospital: Feasibility and cost-effectiveness analysis in a prospective cohort study
Authors: Bloemen Arthur , Daniels Anne M , Samyn Martine G , Janssen Roel JL , Elshof Jan-Willem 
Published: March 2018

Introduction: Peripherally inserted central catheters are venous devices intended for short to medium periods of intravenous treatment. Positioning of the catheter tip at the cavoatrial junction is necessary for optimum performance of a peripherally inserted central catheter. In this study, safety, effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of electrocardiographic-guided peripherally inserted central catheter positioning in a Dutch teaching hospital were evaluated. Methods: All patients who received a peripherally inserted central catheter in 2016 using electrocardiographic guidance were compared to those where fluoroscopy guidance was used in a prospective non-randomized cohort study. Relevant data were extracted from electronic health records. Cost-effectiveness analysis was performed. Results: A total of 162 patients received a peripherally inserted central catheter using fluoroscopy guidance and 103 patients using electrocardiographic guidance in 2016. No significant difference was found in malposition, infection or other complications between these groups. Due to personnel reduction and omission of fluoroscopy costs, cost reduction for each catheter insertion was €120 in the first year and, as a result of discounted acquisition costs, €190 in subsequent years. Discussion: The positioning results and complication rate are comparable to the previously reported literature. The cost reduction may vary in different hospitals. Other benefits of the electrocardiographic-guided technique are omission of X-ray exposure and improved patient service. Conclusion: Implementation of electrocardiographic-guided tip positioning for peripherally inserted central catheter was safe and effective in this study and led to an improved high value and cost-conscious care.
Student, Faculty, and Staff Approval of University Smoke/Tobacco-Free Policies: An Analysis of Campus Newspaper Articles
Authors: Seitz Christopher M , Kabir Zubair , Greiner Birgit A , Davoren Martin P 
Published: March 2018

Objective: To provide a nontraditional source of data to university policymakers regarding student, faculty, and staff approval of university smoke/tobacco-free policies, as published through campus newspaper articles. Methods: From January to April 2016, a total of 2523 articles were retrieved concerning campus smoking/tobacco at 4-year, public universities. Of these, 54 articles met the inclusion factors, which described 30 surveys about campus approval of tobacco-free policies and 24 surveys about smoke-free policies. Results: In all, the surveys included more than 130 000 respondents. With the exception of 4 surveys, all reported that the most of the respondents approved a tobacco/smoke-free campus policy. Conclusions: Although the study had several limitations, the findings provide a synthesis from a nontraditional data source that is consistent with findings from the peer-reviewed literature, in which most of the students, faculty, and staff on university campuses approve of smoke/tobacco-free campus policies.
Graves Disease in Central Ghana: Clinical Characteristics and Associated Factors
Authors: Sarfo-Kantanka Osei , Sarfo Fred Stephen , Ansah Eunice Oparebea , Kyei Ishmael 
Published: March 2018

Background Graves disease (GD) has increased in prevalence over the past decade in Africa. Despite this, the condition is not well described, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. Objective We have described the clinical characteristics and associated factors of GD in a cohort of patients attending a resource-limited setting tertiary hospital. Methods Patients were examined thoroughly and systematically tested for the degree of clinical and biochemical thyroid status. Thyroid volume, characteristics, and blood flow were assessed at presentation using ultrasonography. Factors associated with an inability to achieve clinical and biochemical thyroid remission were evaluated using multiple logistic regression analysis. Results Overall, 182 patients were studied, 152 (83.5%) were women with a female:male ratio of 5.1:1.0. The mean age at presentation was 39.9 ± 14.7 years with women significantly older than men. Thyroid-associated orbitopathy (TAO) was observed in 56% of the participants and pretibial myxoedema in 6%. About 84% of the participants were hyperthyroid at presentation, 9% were euthyroid, 4% were hypothyroid, and 3% had subclinical hyperthyroidism. Inability to achieve biochemical and clinical remission at 24 months was associated with increased thyroid volume (odds ratio [OR]: 2.35, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.85-2.52, P < .001), presence of TAO (OR: 2.15, 95% CI: 2.12-2.33, P < .001), increased FT3/FT4 ratio (OR: 1.33, 95% CI: 1.24-2.56, P = .004), and missed clinic appointment (OR: 5.2, 95% CI: 4.55-7.89, P < .001). Conclusions Graves disease among Ghanaians is associated with significant signs at presentation. Inability to achieve remission within the first 24 months is associated with increased thyroid volume, TAO, an increased FT3/FT4 ratio, as well as missed clinic appointment.
Preoperative Recipient Parameters Allow Early Estimation of Postoperative Outcome and Intraoperative Transfusion Requirements in Liver Transplantation
Authors: Schumacher Carsten , Eismann Hendrik , Sieg Lion , Friedrich Lars , Scheinichen Dirk , Vondran Florian W. R. , Johanning Kai 
Published: March 2018

Context: Liver transplantation is a complex intervention, and early anticipation of personnel and logistic requirements is of great importance. Early identification of high-risk patients could prove useful. We therefore evaluated prognostic values of recipient parameters commonly available in the early preoperative stage regarding postoperative 30- and 90-day outcomes and intraoperative transfusion requirements in liver transplantation. Design, Setting, and Participants: All adult patients undergoing first liver transplantation at Hannover Medical School between January 2005 and December 2010 were included in this retrospective study. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data as well as clinical courses were recorded. Prognostic values regarding 30- and 90-day outcomes were evaluated by uni- and multivariate statistical tests. Identified risk parameters were used to calculate risk scores. Results: There were 426 patients (40.4% female) included with a mean age of 48.6 (11.9) years. Absolute 30-day mortality rate was 9.9%, and absolute 90-day mortality rate was 13.4%. Preoperative leukocyte count >5200/μL, platelet count <91 000/μL, and creatinine values ≥77 μmol/L were relevant risk factors for both observation periods ( P < .05, respectively). A score based on these factors significantly differentiated between groups of varying postoperative outcomes and intraoperative transfusion requirements ( P < .05, respectively). Conclusion: A score based on preoperative creatinine, leukocyte, and platelet values allowed early estimation of postoperative 30- and 90-day outcomes and intraoperative transfusion requirements in liver transplantation. Results might help to improve timely logistic and personal strategies.
Sensitization of P2X3 receptors in insular cortex contributes to visceral pain of adult rats with neonatal maternal deprivation
Authors: Zhang Ping-An , Zhu Hong-Yan , Xu Qi-Ya , Du Wan-Jie , Hu Shufen , Xu Guang-Yin 
Published: March 2018

Aims Insular cortex is a brain region critical for processing of the sensation. Purinergic receptors are involved in the formation of chronic pain. The aim of the present study was to explore the role and mechanism of P2X3 receptors (P2X3Rs) in insular cortex in chronic visceral pain. Methods Chronic visceral pain in adult rats was induced by neonatal maternal deprivation and measured by detecting the threshold of colorectal distension. Western blotting, immunofluorescence, and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction techniques were used to detect the expression and distribution of P2X3Rs. Synaptic transmission in insular cortex was recorded in brain slices by patch clamp techniques. Results Expression of P2X3Rs both at mRNA and protein levels in right hemisphere of insular cortex was significantly increased in neonatal maternal deprivation rats. In addition, P2X3Rs were expressed with NeuN or synaptophysin but not with glial fibrillary acidic protein and CD11b. The co-localization of P2X3Rs with NeuN or synaptophysin was greatly enhanced in right hemisphere of insular cortex in neonatal maternal deprivation rats. Furthermore, neonatal maternal deprivation markedly increased both the frequency and amplitude of miniature excitatory postsynaptic current in right hemisphere of insular cortex. Incubation of A347091 significantly decreased the frequency of spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic current and miniature excitatory postsynaptic current of insular cortex neurons of neonatal maternal deprivation rats. Incubation of P2X3Rs agonists α,β-mATP remarkably increased the frequency of spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic current and miniature excitatory postsynaptic current of the right hemisphere of insular cortex neurons of healthy control rats. Importantly, injection of A317491 significantly enhanced the colorectal distension threshold of neonatal maternal deprivation rats, while injection of α,β-mATP into right but not left insular cortex markedly decreased the colorectal distension threshold in healthy control rats. Conclusions Overall, our data provide integrated pharmacological, biochemical, and functional evidence demonstrating that P2X3Rs are physically and functionally interconnected at the presynaptic level to control synaptic activities in the right insular cortex, thus contributing to visceral pain of neonatal maternal deprivation rats.
Arthroscopic Management of Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis of the Hip in Children and Adolescents
Authors: Willimon S. Clifton , Schrader Tim , Perkins Crystal A. 
Published: March 2018

Background: Pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) is a benign proliferative synovial disorder most commonly described to affect the knee in adults. Literature describing PVNS in the pediatric population is limited to 2 small case series and a handful of single-patient case reports. Within these studies, only 2 patients with PVNS of the hip are described. Purpose: To describe the presentation, management, and outcomes of a single-center series of pediatric patients with PVNS of the hip treated with arthroscopic synovectomy. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: A retrospective review of consecutive pediatric patients treated for PVNS at a single institution was performed. Inclusion criteria consisted of patients younger than 19 years with surgically treated PVNS of the hip. Results: Five pediatric patients with a mean age of 11.0 years were treated for PVNS of the hip from 2011 to 2016. The mean duration of symptoms from onset to surgical treatment was 247 days (range, 3-933 days). Upon review of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) results, radiologists included PVNS in their differential in 3 patients. Seven surgeries were performed in 5 patients. All therapeutic procedures were arthroscopic synovectomies. Nodular PVNS was present in 4 patients, and diffuse disease was present in 1 patient. At a mean 32-month follow-up (range, 12-63 months), all patients were considered to be free of recurrence based on clinical examination and/or follow-up MRI. Four patients were asymptomatic and returned to all of their previous sports activities. Conclusion: Young age at the time of diagnosis is a point to be highlighted in this cohort, and symptoms may be present for many months prior to diagnosis due to the failure to consider PVNS in children. Therefore, for patients with “atypical” presentations or lack of improvement with treatment for rheumatologic, bleeding, or infectious disorders, PVNS should be strongly considered. MRI with gradient echo sequences is the diagnostic imaging study of choice. One patient with diffuse involvement and preoperative degenerative changes showed progressive changes postoperatively. This type of PVNS may have a worse prognosis, but more diffuse cases are needed before the prognosis can be determined. Arthroscopic synovectomy following a timely diagnosis of PVNS produces good outcomes in nodular cases, with no evidence of symptomatic or radiographic disease persistence among these patients.
Platelet HMGB1 is required for efficient bacterial clearance in intra-abdominal bacterial sepsis in mice
Authors: Zhou Hui , Deng Meihong , Liu Yingjie , Yang Chenxuan , Hoffman Rosemary , Zhou Jingjiao , Loughran Patricia A. , Scott Melanie J. , Neal Matthew D. , Billiar Timothy R. 
Published: March 2018

Key Points
Platelet-HMGB1 is required for efficient bacterial clearance in intra-abdominal polymicrobial sepsis. Platelet HMGB1 promotes platelet activation, regulating platelet-neutrophil interactions and ROS production in neutrophils during sepsis.
PERUBAHAN PENGGUNAAN LAHAN DI KOTA SERANG, PROVINSI BANTEN
Authors: Lamidi Lamidi 
Published: March 2018

Abstrak : Kota Serang mengalami perubahan fungsi dalam waktu relatif sangat singkat. Semula Serang merupakan kota kecamatan. Pada Tahun 2000, saat Provinsi Banten mekar dari Provinsi Jawa Barat, Serang berubah menjadi ibukota provinsi Banten. Pada Tahun 2007, Serang berubah lagi menjadi kota otonom. Perubahan tatus dari bukan kota menjadi kota berakibat pada perubahan orientasi pembangunan wilayah dari perdesaan menjadi perkotaan, sehingga lahan pertanian beririgasi teknsi yang subur terancam terkonversi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji perubahan penggunaan lahan kota Serang sebelum menjadi ibukota provinsi Banten, setelah menjadi ibukota provinsi Banten dan setelah menjadi kota otonom, dan memprediksi perubahan penggunaan lahan kota Serang hingga Tahun 2030 saat berakhirnya RTRW. Perubahan penggunaan lahan dianalisis melalui metode tumpang susun peta penggunaan lahan tahun 1993-2000, tahun 2000-2007, dan 2007-2016. Prediksi perubahan penggunaan lahan dilakukan dengan bantuan perangkat lunak NetLogo Versi 5.3.1 dengan transisi perubahan penggunaan lahan tahun 2000-2007. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa lahan sawah secara terus menerus mengalami pengurangan, dan sebaliknya lahan permukiman mengalami peningkatan. Laju perubahan pada Tahun 1993-2000 lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan periode Tahun2000-2007 dan Tahun 2007-2016. Pada Tahun 2030 luas lahan sawah akan tersisa 6.679,85 ha dan lahan permukiman berkembang menjadi 6.316,96 ha. Bila tidak dilakukan pengendalian, lahan sawah diperkirakan akan habis terkonveri pada tahun 2068.
The Virtual and the Real
Authors: Chalmers David J. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractI argue that virtual reality is a sort of genuine reality. In particular, I argue for virtual digitalism, on which virtual objects are real digital objects, and against virtual fictionalism, on which virtual objects are fictional objects. I also argue that perception in virtual reality need not be illusory, and that life in virtual worlds can have roughly the same sort of value as life in non-virtual worlds.
Naïve Realism and the Conception of Hallucination as Non-Sensory Phenomena
Authors: Niikawa Takuya 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
In defence of naïve realism, Fish has advocated an eliminativist view of hallucination, according to which hallucinations lack visual phenomenology. Logue, and Dokic and Martin, respectively, have developed the eliminativist view in different manners. Logue claims that hallucination is a non-phenomenal, perceptual representational state. Dokic and Martin maintain that hallucinations consist in the confusion of monitoring mechanisms, which generates an affective feeling in the hallucinating subject. This paper aims to critically examine these views of hallucination. By doing so, I shall point out what theoretical requirements are imposed on naïve realists who characterize hallucinations as non-visual-sensory phenomena.
De Se Beliefs, Self-Ascription, and Primitiveness
Authors: Wüstholz Florian L. 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
De se beliefs typically pose a problem for propositional theories of content. The Property Theory of content tries to overcome the problem of de se beliefs by taking properties to be the objects of our beliefs. I argue that the concept of self-ascription plays a crucial role in the Property Theory while being virtually unexplained. I then offer different possibilities of illuminating that concept and argue that the most common ones are either circular, question-begging, or epistemically problematic. Finally, I argue that only a primitive understanding of self-ascription is viable. Self-ascription is the relation that subjects stand in with respect to the properties that they believe themselves to have. As such, self-ascription has to be primitive if it is supposed to do justice to the characteristic features of de se beliefs.
Oral Epithelioid Hemangioendothelioma — Unusual Location of a Rare Entity
Authors: Iacob Alina , Comișel Sebastian , Tilinca Mariana , Mezei Tibor , Petrovan Cecilia 
Published: March 2018

Abstract

Introduction: Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma is a rare, locally aggressive vascular tumor, originating from soft tissue, bone, skin, and organs such as the liver or lung, exceptionally located in the oral cavity. Most of the cases of oral epithelioid hemangioendothelioma are asymptomatic, and diagnosis is hampered by the fact that the histological features are somewhat between hemangioma and angiosarcoma, with epithelioid cells, intracytoplasmic vacuoles, low mitotic activity, and (rarely) necrosis. Immunohistochemical analysis is required to rule out carcinoma or other epithelioid vascular neoplasms.

Case presentation: We present a rare case of a 59-year-old Caucasian male patient with oral epithelioid hemangioendothelioma for which clinical and cytological diagnosis was difficult, in spite of the patient’s history. The lesion was nonspecific, mimicking ulcerative stomatitis, but histological and immunohistochemical evaluation finally managed to establish the right diagnosis. Subsequently, the patient underwent surgical excision of the lesion followed by oncological treatment — chemotherapy.

Conclusions: Although at first examination seemed that another lesion has developed, rigorous histology and immunohistochemistry tests proved the presence of epithelioid hemangioendothelioma, a very rare entity located in the oral cavity, which required a proper surgical and oncological approach.