bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of direction-decomposed and vector-based elastic reverse time migration using the Hilbert transform
Authors: Hu Ting , Liu Hong , Guo Xuebao , Yuan Yuxin , Wang Zhiyang 
Published: August 2019

Straightforward implementations of elastic reverse time migration (ERTM) often produce imaging artifacts associated with incorrectly imaged mode conversions, crosstalk, and back-scattered energies. To address these issues, we introduced three approaches: (1) vector-based normalized crosscorrelation imaging conditions (VBNICs), (2) directional separation of wavefields to remove low-wavenumber noise, and (3) postimaging filtering of the dip-angle gathers to eliminate the artifacts caused by nonphysical wave modes. These approaches are combined to create an effective ERTM workflow that can produce high-quality images. Numerical examples demonstrate that, first, VBNICs can produce correct polarities for PP/PS images and can compute migrated dip-angle gathers efficiently by using P/S decomposed Poynting vectors. Second, they achieve improved signal-to-noise and higher resolution when performing up/down decomposition before applying VBNICs, and left/right decomposition enhances steep dips imaging at the computational cost of adding the Hilbert transform to a spatial direction. Third, dip filtering using slope-consistency analysis attenuates the remaining artifacts effectively. An application of the SEG advanced modeling program (SEAM) model demonstrates that our ERTM workflow reduces noise and improves imaging ability for complex geologic areas.
Prevalence of malaria and quantification of cytokine levels during infection in East Nile locality, Khartoum State: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Barkat Hwida , Abd Alla Ahmed Bakheet , Galander Ahmed , Salah Tagwa , Elfaki Tayseer , Nasir Ali 
Published: August 2019

Background: The cytokines interferon gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin-10 (IL-10) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF- α) play an important role in malaria infection. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of malaria and to evaluate cytokine responses to malaria infection in patients from the East Nile locality of Khartoum State. Methods: This study was carried out from May to July 2018 in the East Nile Locality, Khartoum State. Blood samples were collected from 384 randomly selected patients for blood film analysis. Of these, 39 were selected for cytokine level analysis (10 control and 29 patient samples), determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Results: The malaria prevalence rate among 384 patients was 18.5%. Plasmodium falciparum was the most prevalent (13%), while the prevalence of Plasmodium vivax was 4.6%. The rate of mixed infection was 0.8%. There was a higher prevalence rate (22.7%) in males than females (15.6%). However, we found no significant correlation between cytokine levels and parasitemia in the study group. Nevertheless, our study demonstrated a significant correlation between cytokine levels and recurrent infections. Conclusions: Together, our data show that malaria remains a public health problem in East Nile locality with a high prevalence. Additionally, cytokine levels were found to be correlated with recurrent malaria infection.
A process evaluation of the quality improvement collaborative for a community-based family planning learning site in Uganda
Authors: Kim Christine , Kirunda Ramadhan , Mubiru Frederick , Rakhmanova Nilufar , Wynne Leigh 
Published: August 2019

Background: High-quality family planning (FP) services have been associated with increased FP service demand and use, resulting in improved health outcomes for women. Community-based family planning (CBFP) is a key strategy in expanding access to FP services through community health workers or Village Health Team (VHTs) members in Uganda. We established the first CBFP learning site in Busia district, Uganda, using a quality improvement collaborative (QIC) model. This process evaluation aims to understand the QIC adaptation process, supportive implementation factors and trends in FP uptake and retention.Methods:We collected data from two program districts: Busia (learning site) and Oyam (scale-up). We used a descriptive mixed-methods process evaluation design: desk review of program documents, program monitoring data and in-depth interviews and focus group discussions.Results:The quality improvement (QI) process strengthened linkages between health services provided in communities and health centers. Routine interaction of VHTs, clients and midwives generated improvement ideas. Participants reported increased learning through midwife mentorship of VHTs, supportive supervision, monthly meetings, data interpretation and learning sessions. Three areas for potential sustainability and institutionalization of the QI efforts were identified: the integration of QI into other services, district-level plans and support for the QIC and motivation of QI teams. Challenges in the replication of this model include the community-level capacity for data recording and interpretation, the need to simplify QI terminology and tools for VHTs and travel reimbursements for meetings. We found positive trends in the number of women on an FP method, the number of returning clients and the number of couples counseled.Conclusions:A QIC can be a positive approach to improve VHT service delivery. Working with VHTs on QI presents specific challenges compared to working at the facility level. To strengthen the implementation of this CBFP QIC and other community-based QICs, we provide program-relevant recommendations.
Comment on “Aging Population, Retirement, and Risk Taking”
Authors: Huang Rachel J. , Tzeng Larry Y. , Wang Jr-Yan , Zhao Lin 
Published: August 2019

Levy [Levy H (2016) Aging population, retirement, and risk taking. Management Sci. 62(5):1415–1430.] proposes asymptotic first-degree stochastic dominance (AFSD) as a distribution-ranking criterion for all nonsatiable decision makers with infinite investment horizons. By assuming that the terminal wealth follows a log-normal distribution and that the marginal utility is bounded, he offers the necessary and sufficient distributional condition for AFSD. Given Levy’s setting, we provide a counterexample to show that his condition is not necessary and offer the correct equivalent distributional condition for AFSD. This paper was accepted by Karl Diether, finance.
Star Turnover and the Value of Human Capital—Evidence from Broadway Shows
Authors: Han Shu , Ravid S. Abraham 
Published: August 2019

Theater shows routinely turn over actors in lead roles. Otherwise, the show stays the same, including the director, the script, other actors and, the physical theater environment. Even the lines performed do not change the set. Therefore, the theater provides a unique laboratory for assessing the value of human capital to an enterprise, a question that has been studied in other contexts, including the CEO value literature. We compare revenues, capacity, and ticket prices just before and just after transitions of top cast members. We also characterize the performers in various ways and control for the attributes of the show and for team characteristics. We find that decorated theater stars significantly affect the financial success of theater shows, supporting the MacDonald version of the superstar hypothesis. Movie stars and celebrities do not seem to affect ticket prices or show revenues. Teams and seasonal effects seem to matter as well. This paper was accepted by Renee Adams, finance.
Rethinking the Re-Prep: Attitudes Toward Noninvasive Colorectal Cancer Screening Tests After Inadequate Bowel Preparation
Authors: Platt Kevin D. , Kurlander Jacob E. , Zikmund-Fisher Brian J. , Lipson Rachel , Knaus Megan , Waljee Akbar K. , Saini Sameer D. 
Published: August 2019

OBJECTIVES:
To assess patient preferences for colorectal cancer screening with stool-based tests after initial colonoscopy with suboptimal bowel preparation.

METHODS:
An online scenario-based survey of adults aged 45 to 75 years at average risk for colorectal cancer was performed.

RESULTS:
When presented with a hypothetical scenario of screening colonoscopy with suboptimal bowel preparation, 59% of respondents chose stool-based testing as a next step, 29% preferred a repeat colonoscopy within a year, and 12% preferred a repeat colonoscopy in 10 years (N = 1,080).

CONCLUSIONS:
Clinicians should consider offering stool-based screening tests as an alternative to repeat colonoscopy after suboptimal bowel preparation.
Platform Humanism and Internal Opacity
Authors: Alves Artur de Matos 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This article explores the discourse on transparency put forward by online service providers (OSP). It provides critical analysis of texts accompanying transparency-related materials detailing disclosure and usage of user data - specifically transparency reports (TR). The aim is to explore some of the ideological dimensions of “transparency” discourses. Transparency reports divulge information on governmental and judicial requests for user data or service interdiction. Discourses surrounding TR focus on legal issues and mandatory disclosure of information, while excluding information about internal data usage and monetization of user data. This paper argues that OSPs potentially share some of the users’ concerns and policy priorities concerning government requests for information, judicial overreach, and generalized surveillance. However, this ostensive alignment downplays legitimate public concerns about the OSPs’ business models (commercial surveillance and monetization of user data and content), as well as other divergences between the OSPs’ public discourse and business practices. This study analyses the transparency hubs and related discourse of three online service providers: Google, Facebook, and Microsoft. By deploying a multimodal critical discourse analysis approach, it focuses on terminology choices, language, and other rhetorical strategies deployed to mobilize ideologically charged concepts of responsibility, transparency, ethics, and the common good. Considering the recent revelations about Cambridge Analytica and the lack of transparency of OSP data sharing, manipulation and usage, the debate on transparency, online politics, and data security is both topical and in need of urgent clarification. This paper contributes to that discussion by exploring the ways in which platform politics and ideology contribute to shape dominant notions of transparency, social responsibility, and ethics in the online sphere.
Telomere length determinants in childhood
Authors: Gorenjak Vesna , Petrelis Alexandros M. , Stathopoulou Maria G. , Visvikis-Siest Sophie 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Telomere length (TL) is a dynamic marker that reflects genetic predispositions together with the environmental conditions of an individual. It is closely related to longevity and a number of pathological conditions. Even though the extent of telomere research in children is limited compared to that of adults, there have been a substantial number of studies providing first insights into child telomere biology and determinants. Recent discoveries revealed evidence that TL is, to a great extent, determined already in childhood and that environmental conditions in adulthood have less impact than first believed. Studies have demonstrated that large inter-individual differences in TL are present among newborns and are determined by diverse factors that influence intrauterine development. The first years of child growth are associated with high cellular turnover, which results in fast shortening of telomeres. The rate of telomere loss becomes stable in early adulthood. In this review article we summarise the existing knowledge on telomere dynamics during the first years of childhood, highlighting the conditions that affect newborn TL. We also warn about the knowledge gaps that should be filled to fully understand the regulation of telomeres, in order to implement them as biomarkers for use in diagnostics or treatment.
The role of vitamin D replacement therapy in serum FGF23 concentration in children with myelomeningocele compared with healthy children – a preliminary study
Authors: Bagińska Joanna , Liszewska Alicja , Korzeniecka-Kozerska Agata 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Background
Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) is a recently discovered bone-derived regulator of vitamin D metabolism and phosphate homeostasis. It inhibits phosphate reabsorption and calcitriol production by the kidney. Myelomeningocele (MMC) remains the most severe form of neural tube defects involving serious locomotor disability, osteoporosis and pathologic fractures. We aimed to investigate the influence of vitamin D replacement therapy on serum FGF23 concentration in children with MMC and compare the results with healthy participants.

Methods
This prospective analysis was conducted on 16 children with MMC and 20 healthy children. Serum FGF23 levels were measured; for the studied group, before and after vitamin D replacement therapy with cholecalciferol (vitamin D3). The children’s medical charts were analyzed to determine age, sex, anthropometric measurements, calcium and phosphate, cholecalciferol and renal function parameters.

Results
There were significant differences in vitamin D and FGF23 serum concentrations between the studied groups. The median vitamin D levels in the MMC group increased during replacement therapy (7 vs. 18.5 ng/mL, p = 0.29) in comparison to the median of 25.5 ng/mL in the control group. In MMC children we found a significant decrease in median serum FGF23 after vitamin D replacement therapy (from 42.1 to 0 RU/mL, p < 0.001). FGF23 correlated positively with albumin, serum and urine phosphate levels and negatively with alkaline phosphatase.

Conclusions
1. Serum concentration of FGF-23 is increased in MMC children in comparison to a healthy control group. 2. Vitamin D replacement therapy decreases FGF23 concentrations in MMC children, although further studies are still warranted to gain detailed insight on the FGF23 in the MMC population. 3. Children with MMC present vitamin D deficiency. Nutrition supplemented with low doses of cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) (intakes reaching recommended daily allowances) was insufficient to correct 25(OH)-D level in that population of patients.
The aquatic resources of the royal lands in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in times of the last Jagiellonians (in view of legal norms)
Authors: Pytasz-Kołodziejczyk Anna 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In the 13th and the 14th century, grand dukes had the exclusive right to dispose of aquatic resources of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and they kept it up to the 15th century despite the distribution of rights to royal aquatic resources which lasted since the reign of Vytautas. Aquatic resources of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania could be used not only by their heritable owners and lessees, but also by local people who were allowed to fish ducal lakes and rivers by virtue of the customary law.
Since the second decade of the 16th century, grand dukes became more and more interested in the economic productivity of royal land of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, and in particular in the exploitation of the aquatic resources. It was mainly caused by the increasing financial needs of the Lithuanian treasury connected with the Muscovite-Lithuanian wars and the economic activities of Queen Bona and Sigismund II Augustus. The monarchs signed legal regulations, which concerned their royal land in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. These regulations provided better management of the royal land and protected fish from excessive catch.
Differential heterogenesis and the emergence of semiotic function
Authors: Sarti Alessandro , Citti Giovanna , Piotrowski David 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn this study, we analyse the notion of “differential heterogenesis” proposed by Deleuze and Guattari on a morphogenetic perspective. We propose a mathematical framework to envisage the emergence of singular forms from the assemblages of heterogeneous operators. In opposition to the kind of differential calculus that is usually adopted in mathematical-physical modelling, which tends to assume a homogeneous differential equation applied to an entire homogeneous region, heterogenesis allows differential constraints of qualitatively different kinds in different points of space and time. These constraints can then change in time, opening the possibility for new kinds of differential dynamics and the emergence of distinct entities and forms. Formally, we show that operators with different phase spaces can be assembled on the basis of a result of Rothschild & Stein (1976. Hypoelliptic differential operators and nilpotent groups. Acta Mathematica 137. 247–320). Furthermore, operators with different dynamics can be assembled by means of a partition of the unit.After stating the concept of differential heterogenesis in terms of contemporary mathematics, we show that this construction sheds light on the constitution of the semiotic function. In fact, both the Merleau-Pontian and the Deleuzian approaches share a common conceptualisation of the semiotic function and its emergence in terms of amorphodynamics of heterogeneous assemblages with a divergent actualisation. This divergent actualisation allows the co-constitution of various expression and content planes. Finally, we show that the divergent actualisation can be interpreted as the directions of principal eigenvectors of the actualized flow.
Structural properties of the alluaudite-type materials Ag2–

x
Na
x
Mn3(VO4)3 (x=0.62 and 1.85)
Authors: Ben Yahia Hamdi , Shikano Masahiro 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The new members of the Ag2−

x
Na
x
Mn3(VO4)3 (0 ≤ x ≤ 2) solid solution were synthesized by a solid-state reaction route. The crystal structures of Ag1.38Na0.62Mn3(VO4)3 (x = 0.62) and Ag0.15Na1.85Mn3(VO4)3 (x = 1.85) were solved using single crystal X-ray diffraction. These phases crystallize with a monoclinic symmetry (space group C2/c), and their structures are new members of the well-known alluaudite family. In both compounds, the Ag+/Na+, Mn2+/Mn3+ and V5+ cations are eight-, six-, and four-coordinated to oxygen atoms, respectively. All the atoms are perfectly ordered except for the Ag and Na atoms which are statistically disordered over a 4b and a 4e atomic position. This single-crystal structural study confirms the existence of a full solid solution Ag2−

x
Na
x
Mn3(VO4)3 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1.85).
De Novo Genome Sequence Assemblies of Gossypium raimondii and Gossypium turneri
Authors: Udall Joshua A , Long Evan , Hanson Chris , Yuan Daojun , Ramaraj Thiruvarangan , Conover Justin L , Gong Lei , Arick Mark A , Grover Corrinne E , Peterson Daniel G , Wendel Jonathan F 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Cotton is an agriculturally important crop. Because of its importance, a genome sequence of a diploid cotton species (Gossypium raimondii, D-genome) was first assembled using Sanger sequencing data in 2012. Improvements to DNA sequencing technology have improved accuracy and correctness of assembled genome sequences. Here we report a new de novo genome assembly of G. raimondii and its close relative G. turneri. The two genomes were assembled to a chromosome level using PacBio long-read technology, HiC, and Bionano optical mapping. This report corrects some minor assembly errors found in the Sanger assembly of G. raimondii. We also compare the genome sequences of these two species for gene composition, repetitive element composition, and collinearity. Most of the identified structural rearrangements between these two species are due to intra-chromosomal inversions. More inversions were found in the G. turneri genome sequence than the G. raimondii genome sequence. These findings and updates to the D-genome sequence will improve accuracy and translation of genomics to cotton breeding and genetics.
Evolutionary Dynamics in Structured Populations Under Strong Population Genetic Forces
Authors: Feder Alison F , Pennings Pleuni S , Hermisson Joachim , Petrov Dmitri A 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn the long-term neutral equilibrium, high rates of migration between subpopulations result in little population differentiation. However, in the short-term, even very abundant migration may not be enough for subpopulations to equilibrate immediately. In this study, we investigate dynamical patterns of short-term population differentiation in adapting populations via stochastic and analytical modeling through time. We characterize a regime in which selection and migration interact to create non-monotonic patterns of population differentiation over time when migration is weaker than selection, but stronger than drift. We demonstrate how these patterns can be leveraged to estimate high migration rates using approximate Bayesian computation. We apply this approach to estimate fast migration in a rapidly adapting intra-host Simian-HIV population sampled from different anatomical locations. We find differences in estimated migration rates between different compartments, even though all are above Nem = 1. This work demonstrates how studying demographic processes on the timescale of selective sweeps illuminates processes too fast to leave signatures on neutral timescales.
The Gender Politics of English Literary Modernism
Authors: Tiessen Paul 
Published: August 2019

EISENSTEIN, JOYCE AND THE GENDER POLITICS OF ENGLISH LITERARY MODERNISM A remarkable meeting took place one November day in 1929 in Paris between two famous innovators, one in literature, the other in film: James Joyce (1882-1941) and Sergei Eisenstein (1898-1948).... The historical meeting ... took place on November 30, 1929, at 2 Square Robiac, 192 rue de Grenelle, Paris 7e, where Joyce had a flat.... As far as is known, Joyce never mentioned this meeting in writing.(1) Like other literary scholars have done in the past couple of decades, I looked first of all to the writings of novelist James Joyce and to the writings of filmmaker Sergei Eisenstein when I sought to find a ground or establish a basis for my interest in exploring the possible shared relationships -- the influences, the historical connections, the theoretical or ideological associations, the definitions and other constructed meanings...
Bread and Circuses
Authors: Bachmann Gideon 
Published: August 2019

BREAD AND CIRCUSES: PRESENT AND FUTURE OF THE EUROPEAN CINEMA GIDEON Bachmann speaks to Ulrich Gregor, the renowned German historian and critic who organises the long-running Forum series of programmes at the Berlin Film Festival. The conversation took place on 6th June 1995, in Berlin. GB: How healthy is European cinema? Is it true that its existence is threatened by the conquest of European screens by American movies? Can you see in which direction this form of art -- or, if you wish, this branch of business -- is heading? If the threat is real, does the European cinema have a chance, or will it always be a minority pleasure?UG: The threat certainly exists. It is enough to look at attendance figures: their language is clear. The market for European films in Europe itself has never been lower. Even in those countries traditionally seen as pivots of film...
The Canadian Scene
Authors: Pratley Gerald 
Published: August 2019

At Canada's main film festivals Canadian films have their own showcases: Panorama Canada at Montréal's World Film Festival, Perspective Canada at the Toronto International Film Festival (no longer called Festival of Festivals), Canadian Images at the Vancouver International Film Festival and the Canadian section at Halifax's Atlantic Film. As the summers pass these special programmes bring on high hopes of whole-hearted rejoicing in finding among the almost fifty new feature-length films at least a substantial number to make us quietly proud of what our filmmakers have accomplished in showing audiences here and abroad what it means to be Canadian. Regretfully, with a sense of loss over what might have been one writes of disappointment rather than the excitement of discovery. Paul Donovan's Paint Cans introduces a character early in the story who matter-of-factly mentions that "Canadians can't make films." The audience laughs, as though in agreement, and it is not...