bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wnt3a promotes radioresistance via autophagy in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck
Authors: Jing Qiancheng , Li Guo , Chen Xiyu , Liu Chao , Lu Shanhong , Zheng Hua , Ma Huiling , Qin Yuexiang , Zhang Diekuo , Zhang Shuiting , Ren Shuling , Huang Donghai , Tan Pingqing , Chen Jie , Qiu Yuanzheng , Liu Yong 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe canonical Wnt/β‐catenin signalling pathway and autophagy play critical roles in cancer progression. However, the role of Wnt‐mediated autophagy in cancer radioresistance remains unclear. In this study, we found that irradiation activated the Wnt/β‐catenin and autophagic signalling pathways in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN). Wnt3a is a classical ligand that activated the Wnt/β‐catenin signalling pathway, induced autophagy and decreased the sensitivity of SCCHN to irradiation both in vitro and in vivo. Further mechanistic analysis revealed that Wnt3a promoted SCCHN radioresistance via protective autophagy. Finally, expression of the Wnt3a protein was elevated in both SCCHN tissues and patients' serum. Patients showing high expression of Wnt3a displayed a worse prognosis. Taken together, our study indicates that both the canonical Wnt and autophagic signalling pathways are valuable targets for sensitizing SCCHN to irradiation.
Practice of parents and pharmacists regarding antibiotics use in pediatrics: A 2017 cross‐sectional study in Lebanese community pharmacies
Authors: Hallit Souheil , Zahreddine Lama , Saleh Nadine , Shakaroun Shadia , Lahoud Nathalie 
Published: May 2019

AbstractObjectivesTo assess practices of community pharmacists towards prescribing or dispensing antibiotics without prescription to children, determine obstacles that stand in the way of best practices, and determine whether parents misuse antibiotics when administering them to their children.MethodsA cross‐sectional study, conducted between June 2017 and August 2017 on a random sample of community pharmacies, enrolled 202 community pharmacists and 204 parents.ResultsA total of 84.6% of pharmacists prescribed antibiotics for children in community pharmacies, particularly for the treatment of pharyngitis (67.5%), otitis media (56%), or diarrhea/vomiting (40.4%); 54.2% of these pharmacists reported prescribing antibiotics to children under 2 years of age, while 14.4% reported only prescribing antibiotics for children aged six and above. Most pharmacists cited pressure from the child's parents as a reason for prescribing antibiotics, while parents not being able to afford the doctor's visit was cited by 24.7%. When dispensing antibiotics for use by children, 23.5% of the pharmacists reported recommending a small or large spoon two to three times daily, regardless of the standard dose or the child's weight. In addition, 21.7% of the pharmacists reported always dispensing the entire bottle of antibiotics, while 5.4% do not specify the treatment's duration.From the parents' side, 38% reported that the most recent purchase of an antibiotic for their child was made without a medical prescription, while 20.6% reported that they did not follow medical instructions regarding treatment's dosage and duration; 64.3% reported ending the antibiotic treatment early if their child felt better. Most of the parents reported diluting the antibiotic incorrectly, with half of them not shaking the bottle well enough before adding in water.ConclusionThese study results demonstrated poor practices of community pharmacists towards dispensing antibiotics without a prescription, and in parents when administering them to their children. Educational campaigns to increase awareness on antibiotics misuse in pediatrics are warranted.
The Taxonomy and Phylogeny of the Poorly known Heterotrich Ciliate Ampullofolliculina lageniformis Hadži, 1951 (Ciliophora: Heterotrichea)
Authors: Luo Jun , Ma Mingzhen , Lu Borong , Li Xinghao , Warren Alan , Shi Yuhong , Chen Xiangrui 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAmpullofolliculina Hadži, 1951 is a monotypic genus, the only species being A. lageniformis which was first discovered in estuarine habitats in the U.S. and has never been redescribed. In the present study, we investigated the taxonomy and phylogeny of A. lageniformis Hadži, 1951 based on analyses of a population collected from a brackish wetland in Ningbo, China. The main characteristics of this species are as follows: trophont about 450–700 μm long in vivo with two short, rounded peristomial lobes of equal size; lorica flask‐shaped, transparent and smooth with a short, wide neck at the base of which two transparent valves are asymmetrically inserted; cortex with brownish to reddish cortical granules and greenish pigment granules; about 80 somatic kineties evenly arranged; moniliform macronucleus with 4–8 ellipsoidal nodules; swarmer dark green, vermiform in shape, about 200–350 μm long in vivo, with about 60 adoral membranelles and 85 somatic kineties, no mouth nor paroral membrane. Phylogenetic analyses inferred from SSU rDNA sequences show that A. lageniformis is closely related to Folliculina and Eufolliculina which nest within a large clade that comprises five families, i.e. Stentoridae, Blepharismidae, Fabreidae, Maristentoridae, and Folliculinidae.
Long‐term effect of Helicobacter pylori eradication on prevalence of reflux esophagitis
Authors: Adachi Kyoichi , Notsu Takumi , Mishiro Tomoko , Kinoshita Yoshikazu 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackground and AimThis study aimed to clarify the long‐term effect of Helicobacter pylori eradication on the prevalence of reflux esophagitis (RE).MethodsWe enrolled 8123 individuals (male 5286, female 2837; mean age 54.2 ± 9.3 years) who visited our medical center for an annual checkup between April 2016 and December 2018 and in whom the status of H. pylori infection could be determined. The presence of endoscopically proven RE was determined and compared based on that infection status.ResultsReflux esophagitis was observed in 898 subjects (11.1%). The rates of prevalence in subjects without and with H. pylori infection and with a post‐eradication status were 14.0%, 3.7%, and 10.1%, respectively (P < 0.001). Multiple logistic regression analysis of those positive for RE showed male gender, elevated body mass index, habitual drinking, habitual smoking, larger diaphragmatic hiatus size, and milder gastric mucosal atrophy to be significant risk factors. As compared with H. pylori negative, the odds ratios for H. pylori‐positive and post‐eradication status were 0.225 and 0.703, respectively. When post‐eradication subjects were divided according to duration following eradication, RE prevalence was increased in association with a longer duration. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed longer duration after H. pylori eradication to be a significant risk factor for RE.ConclusionsThe risk of RE developing in individuals following eradication of H. pylori is considered to be lower as compared with those never infected. However, the risk for RE increases as the period following H. pylori eradication is extended.
Significance of pancreatic calcification on preoperative computed tomography of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms
Authors: Tsujimae Masahiro , Masuda Atsuhiro , Shiomi Hideyuki , Toyama Hirochika , Sofue Keitaro , Ueshima Eisuke , Yamakawa Kohei , Ashina Shigeto , Yamada Yasutaka , Tanaka Takeshi , Tanaka Shunta , Nakano Ryota , Sato Yu , Ikegawa Takuya , Kurosawa Manabu , Fujigaki Seiji , Kobayashi Takashi , Sakai Arata , Kutsumi Hiromu , Zen Yoh , Itoh Tomoo , Fukumoto Takumi , Kodama Yuzo 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackground and AimChronic pancreatitis is a risk factor for pancreatic cancer. Pancreatic calcification is a characteristic of chronic pancreatitis; however, its significance for intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) oncogenesis remains unknown. Therefore, we investigated the relationship between pancreatic calcification and invasive IPMN.MethodsThis study included 157 patients who underwent resection for IPMN between April 2001 and October 2016 (intraductal papillary mucinous adenoma, n = 76; noninvasive intraductal papillary mucinous carcinoma [IPMC], n = 32; and invasive IPMC, n = 49). We divided the subjects on the basis of the presence/absence of pancreatic calcification on preoperative computed tomography (CT). The factors associated with pancreatic calcification were investigated in univariate analyses. Then, multivariate logistic regression analyses of the relationship between pancreatic calcification and invasive IPMC (after adjusting for clinical or imaging characteristics) were conducted.ResultsPreoperative CT revealed pancreatic calcification in 17.2% (27/157) of the resected IPMN. In the univariate analyses, jaundice, high serum carbohydrate antigen 19‐9 levels, and invasive IPMC were significantly associated with pancreatic calcification (4/27 [14.8%] vs 4/130 [3.1%], 0.01; 12/27 [44.4%] vs 31/130 [23.8%], 0.03; and 15/27 [55.6%] vs 34/130 [26.2%], 0.001, respectively). Pancreatic calcification was significantly associated with invasive IPMC (multivariate odds ratio = 2.88, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] = 1.15–7.21, 0.03, adjusted for clinical characteristics; odds ratio = 5.50, 95% CI = 1.98–15.3, 0.001, adjusted for imaging characteristics).ConclusionsPancreatic calcification on CT is associated with invasive IPMC. Pancreatic calcification might be a predictor of invasive IPMC.
Trade Credit Use as Firms Approach Default
Authors: GARCIA‐APPENDINI EMILIA , MONTORIOL‐GARRIGA JUDIT 
Published: May 2019

AbstractUsing a sample of distressed firms with information about suppliers, we document an average fall in the use of trade credit as firms approach bankruptcy compared to a control sample of nonbankrupt firms. However, we uncover a large degree of heterogeneity across suppliers. Suppliers facing high switching costs maintain their business ties with the distressed firms as they approach bankruptcy, and provide them more trade credit. Suppliers in concentrated markets provide temporary support to their clients. Overall, the findings of this paper suggest that switching costs are fundamental to explain whether suppliers provide liquidity to their distressed clients or not.
Identifying Different Ways People Change: A Latent Basis Growth Mixture Model Example Identifying Nonlinear Trajectories of Binge Drinking
Authors: Soloski Kristy L. , Durtschi Jared A. 
Published: May 2019

Our field of couple and family therapy focuses on change, different ways people change, and how therapists can facilitate change. Change can be modeled as an average trajectory—growth curve model—or as multiple classes of trajectories—growth mixture model. The field of MFT has not yet fully embraced implementing more advanced longitudinal modeling procedures to study what we care about most, change across time. To support our field moving in this direction, we provide a step‐by‐step description and example in Mplus software. Our example analysis used N = 5,958 participants from the Add Health dataset, to identify unique classifications of trajectories of binge drinking. We discuss how these analytical methods provide increased options to advance family science and clinical research.
Parents' and nurses' experiences of partnership in neonatal intensive care units: A qualitative review and meta‐synthesis
Authors: Brødsgaard Anne , Pedersen Jette Thise , Larsen Palle , Weis Janne 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAims and objectivesTo explore how parents and nurses experience partnership in neonatal intensive care units and to identify existing barriers and facilitators to a successful partnership.BackgroundFamily‐centred care is recommended as a frame of reference for treatment and care in neonatal intensive care units. A key element in family‐centred care is partnership. Such partnerships are characterised by complex interpersonal relationships and interactions between nurses and parents/families. Partnerships therefore appear to present a significant challenge.DesignA qualitative review and meta‐synthesis.MethodsComprehensive searching in ten databases: CINAHL, PubMed (MEDLINE), EMBASE, PsycINFO, Scopus and SweMed+, OpenGrey, MedNar, Google Scholar and ProQuest Dissertations & Thesis Global. A total of 1,644 studies (after removal of duplicates) were critically assessed, and 21 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. A meta‐aggregation was used to synthesise the findings from the studies and was methodically quality assessed with QUARI/SUMARI and PRISMA.FindingsThrough a meta‐aggregative approach, two synthesised findings were developed: (a) co‐creation of mutual knowledge and (b) developing competencies and negotiating roles. The first synthesis embraced the categories: being respected and listened to, trust and sharing knowledge, and the second synthesis embraced the categories: space to learn with guidance, encouraging and enabling, being in control. In constructing the categories, findings were identified as characteristics, barriers and facilitators to application.ConclusionA successful relationship between parents and nurses can be achieved through co‐creation of mutual knowledge and development of competencies and negotiation of roles. Neonatal intensive care unit nurses are in a position where they exercise power, but they can change the culture if they are aware of what seems to facilitate or create a barrier to a partnership with parents.Relevance to clinical practiceThis new evidence may inform a change in policies and guidelines which could be integrated into nurses' clinical practice in neonatal intensive care units.
Susceptibility and Tumor Size Changes During the Time Course of Standard Treatment in Recurrent Glioblastoma
Authors: van Leyen K. , Roelcke U. , Gruber P. , Remonda L. , Berberat J. 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND PURPOSESusceptibility‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging (SWI) yields information regarding tumor biology (e.g., hemorrhage) of growing gliomas. SWI changes can also be observed as a consequence of treatment, for example radiation therapy. The aim of our study was to investigate how susceptibility changes occur during the time course after completion of standard treatment in newly diagnosed glioblastoma (GBM).METHODSEighteen GBM patients were retrospectively analyzed. After completion of therapy, imaging was performed every 3 months. MRI was analyzed at the following time points: after the third and sixth cycle of adjuvant temozolomide chemotherapy, thereafter in 3 month intervals and at recurrence. The number of SWI positive tumor pixels was quantified and compared with progression as defined by the RANO criteria on T2‐ and contrast‐enhanced T1‐weighted MRI sequences (T1‐CE).RESULTSThe MRI interval between completion of the sixth chemotherapy cycle and last MRI before progression was 390 ± 292 days. Between the last MRI before progression and at progression a significant increase in SWI positive tumor pixels was observed (P = .012), whereas tumor size remained unchanged (RANO T2: P = .385; RANO T1‐CE: P = .165). The number of SWI positive pixels remained unchanged between last MRI before progression until progression (P = .149), whereas RANO T2 and T1‐CE showed tumor progression (interval 128 ± 69 days).CONCLUSIONSSWI positive pixel count increases significantly prior to changes in tumor size (RANO). Our findings may be explained by microbleeds compatible with stimulation of angiogenesis and possibly serve as an early biomarker of tumor progression.
Determinate attitudes and indeterminate norms
Authors: Giromini José 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to offer a version of social normative pragmatism – that is, the approach that takes norms to be the result of shared practices – that comes closer to social reality than its cousins in the philosophy of language and the philosophy of mind. The purpose is presenting a framework that can be useful for social theorists sympathetic to normative concepts. This version introduces the concepts of the adoption of the normative stance, the projective structure of evaluation and a sketch of a theory of normative force in terms of accumulation of normative attitude. In order to motivate this conceptual tools, we present them as allowing us to overcome the traditional skeptical challenge put forward by Kripke.
The role of social representations in the construction of power relations
Authors: Negura Lilian , Plante Nathalie , Lévesque Maude 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe conceptualizations of power, traditionally associated with control, have been nuanced in the past decades by influential authors such as Michel Foucault, Hannah Arendt and Pierre Bourdieu. These authors offer a perspective on power focused on the agency of individuals, with an emphasis on the way the dynamics and relations of power operate. Relying on these conceptual frameworks, we argue that the theory of social representations is of particular relevance to an analysis of the construction of power relations, whether it be to criticize the effects of domination or examine those of emancipation. The results of our research on the social representations of depression illustrate the latter's role in the construction, continuity and transformation of the power dynamics at play in the area of access to healthcare services by people who have experienced a depressive episode.
Use of HCV‐infected organs in solid organ transplantation: An ethical challenge but plausible option
Authors: Nangia Gayatri , Borges Kelly , Reddy K. Rajender 
Published: May 2019

AbstractDue to the unfortunate epidemic of opioid overdose deaths among people who inject drugs (PWID) in North America, there has been an increase in the availability of hepatitis C (HCV)‐positive organs for transplantation and consequently the potential to decrease waiting times for solid organ transplantation if an HCV‐uninfected recipient is willing to accept an HCV‐positive donor. The confidence in this potential new strategy comes as a result of the advent of safe and highly effective pan‐genotypic direct‐acting antivirals (DAAs). This promising strategy has been the most widely studied in kidney transplantation. Liver transplantation has positive results preliminarily, but has even less available data because viable HCV‐infected donor livers are typically transplanted into HCV‐infected individuals. Further, while HCV‐infected heart and lung transplantation, which face additional post‐transplant issues, have shown encouraging results, these studies are small scale and are limited by short‐term follow‐up. Thus, it would be premature to implement this strategy as standard of care without large scale clinical and real‐world trials and longer‐term follow‐up studies. Further, the ethics of this practice need to be considered. While some transplant professionals argue that more harm will be done by not utilizing HCV‐infected organs, others contend that cautiously conducted multi‐centre studies involving extensive post‐transplant follow‐up are paramount prior to endorsing widespread implementation of this strategy. The ethical permissibility of this practice hinges on whether access to DAA therapy can be secured in advance, and prospective recipients understand and accept all the risks associated with acquiring HCV.
Multiple adrenocortical steroid response to administration of exogenous adrenocorticotropic hormone to hospitalized foals
Authors: Dembek Katarzyna A. , Johnson Lindsey M. , Timko Kathryn J. , Minuto Jillian S. , Hart Kelsey A. , Barr Bonnie S. , Toribio Ramiro E. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenal axis regulates the response to sepsis‐associated stress. Relative adrenal insufficiency or adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH):cortisol imbalance, defined as a poor cortisol response to administration of ACTH, is common and associated with death in hospitalized foals. However, information on other adrenal steroid response to ACTH stimulation in sick foals is minimal.ObjectiveTo investigate the response of multiple adrenocortical steroids to administration of ACTH in foals.AnimalsHospitalized (n = 34) and healthy (n = 13) foals.MethodsIn this prospective study, hospitalized foals were categorized into 2 groups using cluster analysis based on adrenal steroids response to ACTH stimulation: Cluster 1 (n = 11) and Cluster 2 (n = 23). After baseline blood sample collection, foals received 10 μg of ACTH with additional samples collected at 30 and 90 minutes after ACTH. Steroid and ACTH concentrations were determined by immunoassays. The area under the curve (AUC) and Delta0‐30 were calculated for each hormone.ResultsThe AUC for cortisol, aldosterone, androstenedione, pregnenolone, 17α‐OH‐progesterone, and progesterone were higher in critically ill (Cluster 1) compared to healthy foals (P < .01). Delta0‐30 for cortisol and 17α‐OH‐progesterone was lower in Cluster 1 (24%, 26.7%) and Cluster 2 (16%, 11.2%) compared to healthy foals (125%, 71%), respectively (P < .05). Foals that died had increased AUC for endogenous ACTH (269 versus 76.4 pg/mL/h, P < .05) accompanied by a low AUC for cortisol (5.5 versus 15.5 μg/dL/h, P < .05), suggesting adrenocortical dysfunction.Conclusion and Clinical ImportanceThe 17α‐OH‐progesterone response to administration of ACTH was a good predictor of disease severity and death in hospitalized foals.
Assessing sampling coverage of species distribution in biodiversity databases
Authors: Sporbert Maria , Bruelheide Helge , Seidler Gunnar , Keil Petr , Jandt Ute , Austrheim Gunnar , Biurrun Idoia , Campos Juan Antonio , Čarni Andraž , Chytrý Milan , Csiky János , De Bie Els , Dengler Jürgen , Golub Valentin , Grytnes John‐Arvid , Indreica Adrian , Jansen Florian , Jiroušek Martin , Lenoir Jonathan , Luoto Miska , Marcenò Corrado , Moeslund Jesper Erenskjold , Pérez‐Haase Aaron , Rūsiņa Solvita , Vandvik Vigdis , Vassilev Kiril , Welk Erik 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAimBiodiversity databases are valuable resources for understanding plant species distributions and dynamics, but they may insufficiently represent the actual geographic distribution and climatic niches of species. Here we propose and test a method to assess sampling coverage of species distribution in biodiversity databases in geographic and climatic space.LocationEurope.MethodsUsing a test selection of 808,794 vegetation plots from the European Vegetation Archive (EVA), we assessed the sampling coverage of 564 European vascular plant species across both their geographic ranges and realized climatic niches. Range maps from the Chorological Database Halle (CDH) were used as background reference data to capture species geographic ranges and to derive species climatic niches. To quantify sampling coverage, we developed a box‐counting method, the Dynamic Match Coefficient (DMC), which quantifies how much a set of occurrences of a given species matches with its geographic range or climatic niche. DMC is the area under the curve measuring the match between occurrence data and background reference (geographic range or climatic niche) across grids with variable resolution. High DMC values indicate good sampling coverage. We applied null models to compare observed DMC values with expectations from random distributions across species ranges and niches.ResultsComparisons with null models showed that, for most species, actual distributions within EVA are deviating from null model expectations and are more clumped than expected in both geographic and climatic space. Despite high interspecific variation, we found a positive relationship in DMC values between geographic and climatic space, but sampling coverage was in general more random across geographic space.ConclusionBecause DMC values are species‐specific and most biodiversity databases are clearly biased in terms of sampling coverage of species occurrences, we recommend using DMC values as covariates in macro‐ecological models that use species as the observation unit.