bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design criteria for geometrical calibration phantoms in fan and cone beam CT systems
Authors: Jonas Peter 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Image quality in tomographic applications depends strongly on the precise knowledge of the geometrical parameters of x-ray source and detector. However, in some situations these geometrical data are not immediately available. One way to overcome this problem is to use calibration phantoms which consist of several opaque markers in a known geometry.
A main question is what properties are needed in order to reliably determine the searched for geometry data.
In this paper we give sufficient conditions for the calibration phantom such that the reconstruction problem has a unique solution. We also use our theoretical approach to derive a numerical method which can determine the needed geometry data. Our analyses show that this numerical method is stable and that the solutions are as good as those of standard nonlinear procedures like Gauss–Newton-type methods. Furthermore, our new algorithm is much faster than standard methods and it also does not depend on initial values.
Selector: PSO as Model Selector for Dual-Stage Diabetes Network
Authors: Cheruku Ramalingaswamy , Edla Damodar Reddy 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Diabetes is a chronic disease caused by insulin deficiency, and it should be detected in the early stages for effective treatment. In this paper, the Diabetes-Network (Dia-Net) is proposed to increase diabetes predictive accuracy. The proposed Dia-Net is a dual-stage network. It combines both optimized probabilistic neural network (OPNN) and optimized radial basis function neural network (ORBFNN) in the first stage. Hence, Dia-Net possesses the advantages of both the models. In the second stage, the linear support vector machine is used. As the dataset size increases, both RBFNN and PNN perform better, but both suffers from complexity and computational problems. To address these problems, in this paper, particle swarm optimization-based clustering is employed for discovering centers in high-dense regions. This reduces the size of the hidden layer of both RBFNN and PNNs. Experiments are carried out on the Pima Indians Diabetes dataset. The Experimental results showed that the proposed Dia-Net model outperformed individual as well as state-of-the-art models.
Improved lower bound for Diffie–Hellman problem using multiplicative group of a finite field as auxiliary group
Authors: Kushwaha Prabhat 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
In 2004, Muzereau, Smart and Vercauteren [A. Muzereau, N. P. Smart and F. Vercauteren,
The equivalence between the DHP and DLP for elliptic curves used in practical applications,
LMS J. Comput. Math. 7 2004, 50–72] showed how to use a reduction algorithm of the discrete logarithm problem to Diffie–Hellman problem in order to estimate lower bound for the Diffie–Hellman problem on elliptic curves. They presented their
estimates on various elliptic curves that are used in practical applications. In this paper, we show that a much tighter
lower bound for the Diffie–Hellman problem on those curves can be achieved if one uses the multiplicative group of a finite
field as auxiliary group. The improved lower bound estimates of the Diffie–Hellman problem on those recommended curves
are also presented. Moreover, we have also extended our idea by presenting similar
estimates of DHP on some more recommended curves which were not covered before. These estimates of DHP on these curves are
currently the tightest which lead us towards the equivalence of the Diffie–Hellman problem and the discrete
logarithm problem on these recommended elliptic curves.
Modified Periodic Encoder for Increasing Pulse Height in PON Monitoring System
Authors: Hou Yu , Tao Hong , Hou Fenfei 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
A modified periodic encoder for increasing the pulse height in PON monitoring system is presented and demonstrated experimentally, which can reduce the receiving sensitivity of the photoreceiver. Comparing with the pulse sequence generated by the periodic encoder, the maximum and minimum pulse height generated by the modified periodic encoder increased by rough 22 % and 19 %, respectively. This significantly reduces the receiving sensitivity of the photoreceiver at the expense of a little user cost.
Extremely Low Loss of Photonic Crystal Fiber for Terahertz Wave Propagation in Optical Communication Applications
Authors: Ahmed Fahad , Roy Subrata , Paul Bikash Kumar , Ahmed Kawsar , Bahar Ali Newaz 
Published: April 2018

AbstractAn enormously low loss symmetrical hybrid decagonal porous core spiral photonic crystal fiber (SH-PCF) has been proposed for terahertz (THz) wave guiding. The modal characteristics of the fiber and its mathematical analysis have been numerically completed using a full-vector finite element method (FEM). Simulation results show an ultra-low material loss of 0.0167 cm−1 and large effective area 1.95×106 µm2 which is 91.6 % of bulk absorption material loss at controlling frequency f=1.0 THz with a core porosity 42 %. Additionally, proposed structure establishes the comparatively higher core power fraction maintaining lower scattering loss about 1.8×10−15 dB/cm at the same operating frequency. It promises the aforementioned advantages for efficient THz wave propagation.
Performance Analysis of a Novel 2-D Code in the Network Access Segment
Authors: Yadav Ajay , Kar Subrat , Jain V. K. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractIn this paper, the performance of one-coincidence frequency hopping code/quadratic congruence code (OCFHC/QCC) is analysed and compared with the existing codes. The impact of variation in code weight, code length and number of wavelengths on error probability is evaluated. It is observed that for the same code weight, code length and number of available wavelengths, error probability of OCFHC/QCC is better than the existing codes under certain conditions. The large cardinality, simple design methodology and good performance suggest its use in local area network, multi-code keying and multi-rate multimedia applications.
Design and simulation of an all optical 8 to 3 binary encoder based on optimized photonic crystal OR gates
Authors: Naghizade S. , Mohammadi S. , Khoshsima H. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
The most recently developed optical encoders are based on non-linear Kerr effect which require high input power. Here, we report 8 to 3 optical binary encoder based on linear effects which greatly reduces the input power requirement. The proposed encoder consists of three optical 4-input port OR gates and an optical buffer gate. Simulation results have proved correct operation states of the encoder and numerical analysis is done in order to additional evaluation. The maximum switching delay and total footprint of proposed structure are about 160 fs and 1418 µm2, respectively.
Sanjad-Sakati syndrome with macrocytic anemia and failure to thrive: a case from South Jordan
Authors: Ajarmeh Salma A. , Al Tamimi Eyad M. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract

Backgorund:
Sanjad-Sakati syndrome (SSS) is a rare autosomal recessive disease caused by a deletion mutation (155–166del) in exon 3 of the TBCE gene on chromosome 1q42-43. The syndrome is characterized by primary hypoparathyroidism, typical dysmorphic features and severe growth retardation.

Case presentation:
We encountered a 2-year-old boy with hypocalcemia, failure to thrive and macrocytic anemia. The patient had the characteristic features of SSS and genetic testing confirmed that he was homozygous for the TBCE mutation. Although malabsorption was initially considered the cause of his symptoms, the results did not confirm that diagnosis. Our patient had cow milk protein allergy and folic acid deficiency, which has not been described in previous SSS cases. It was difficult to treat the patient’s hyperphosphatemia and we ultimately selected sevelamer treatment, which was tolerated well and improved his hypocalcemia.

Conclusions:
SSS should be considered in the differential diagnosis of any infant with hypocalcemia, dysmorphism and failure to thrive.
Trends in characteristics of women choosing contraindicated home births
Authors: Zafman Kelly B. , Stone Joanne L. , Factor Stephanie H. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract

Objective:
To characterize the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) contraindicated home births and the women who are receiving these births in hopes of identifying venues for intervention.

Methods:
The National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) birth certificate records from 1990 to 2015 were used. “Planned home births” were defined as those births in which birthplace was coded as “residence” and birth attendant was coded as “certified nurse midwife (CNM)” or “other midwife”. Contraindicated home births were defined as “planned home births” from 1990 to 2015 that had one or more of the ACOG risk factors for home births, which include vaginal birth after prior cesarean delivery (VBAC), breech presentation and multiple gestations.

Results:
A review of trends in contraindicated home births from 1990 to 2015 suggests that they are increasing in number (481–1396) and as a percentage of total births (0.01%–0.04%, P<0.001). There has been an increase in the proportion of college-educated women (31%–51%, P<0.001). Most women receive prenatal care (>95%), which is most frequently initiated in the first trimester. The majority of home births were paid out-of-pocket (65%–69%).

Conclusion:
The increasing number of contraindicated home births in the United States requires public health action. Home births are likely a matter of choice rather than a lack of resources. It is unclear if women choose home births while knowing the risk or due to a lack of information. Prenatal education about contraindicated home births is possible, as almost all women receive prenatal care.
The Retranslation Hypothesis and Lexical Borrowings in Bible Translations into Igbo
Authors: Oyali Uchenna 
Published: April 2018

AbstractIn this paper, I explore the validity of the retranslation hypothesis – that the first translation of a text tends to be more target culture oriented than subsequent translations – in representations of certain Biblical concepts in the translations of the Bible into Igbo. Specifically I investigate instances of lexical borrowings in the first complete translation of the Bible into Igbo because, following from the hypothesis, subsequent translations of the Bible should also borrow the same items. I discover that most of the borrowings in the first translation are de-borrowed in the retranslations, while the retained borrowings undergo various forms of grapho-phonological adjustments to reflect the Igbo linguistic system. Thus, the retranslation hypothesis is not validated in this study. I trace this choice of indigenization in the subsequent translations to the agents involved in the translations. Being specialists in Igbo Studies, they understand the Igbo linguistic system better than the agents of the first translation who were mainly European missionaries with little knowledge of the language system. Unlike the missionaries, these Igbo agents are not only interested in having the Bible in Igbo, but also in having it in an Igbo that is in sync with the way the language is actually used.
Wie übersetzt NMT Eigennamen und Zahlen?
Authors: Chung Hye-yeon 
Published: April 2018

AbstractSince September 2016, when Google implemented the neural machine translation (NMT) technique in Google Translate (GNMT), the overall quality of machine translation (MT) has improved significantly, narrowing the gap between MT and human translation (HT). One detail aspect of MT quality is how the system can cope with the translation of proper names and numbers, so-called Named Entities (NEs). This paper outlines the principles underlying the GNMT translation of NEs and analyzes form changes including errors that are encountered during NMT-based translation and the causes of those form changes. First, on the basis of Wu et al. (2016), a simple model for GNMT-based NE translation is created, and within this model NE translations in 60 target texts are analyzed and compared to those of a professional translator. According to this model, GNMT-derived NE-form changes can roughly be attributed to four causes: segmentation, memory, features of training corpora, and functionality in the attention system.
Die Übersetzung des Possessivpronomens dritter Person bei Bezugsambiguitäten: eine kontrastive Studie Deutsch / Italienisch
Authors: Masiero Federica 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe present paper is concerned with the German adnominal demonstrative pronouns dessen und deren when these are used in place of the third-person possessive pronouns, in order to avoid ambiguities in resolution (Hans1 arbeitet mit Max2 und seiner1/2 Frau / Hans1 arbeitet mit Max2 und dessen2 Frau ‘Hans works with Max and his wife’). The central aim of the paper is to present and discuss the different possibilities available in Italian to translate German dessen und deren. The investigation is carried out on the basis of a corpus of literary texts.
Small mammal communities on beaches and lakeside farmland in the Poyang Lake region after the Three-Gorges Project
Authors: Dai Nianhua , Lu Ping , Zhang Meiwen , Zhang Guohua , Zhang Chen , Pan Yang 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Studies around Dongting Lake have indicated that the Three Gorges Project (TGP) has had a large effect on the structure of the small mammal community; however, few studies have analyzed this around Poyang Lake. To understand the status of the small mammal community around Poyang Lake, the lakeside farmland and beaches were surveyed in 2015 and 2016. The results showed the overall trap success was 10.12% on farmland and 5.47% on lake beaches, with five species of Rodentia and one species of Soricomorpha. The density of the small mammal was high, especially in rice fields. Apodemus agrarius and Rattus losea were the dominant species, representing 49.59% and 47.68% of the species composition on farmland. The dominant species on the beach area were A. agrarius (66.01%) and R. losea (28.76%). The species abundance and diversity indexes of the small mammal community on beaches were similar to those on farmland. The widespread presence of A. agrarius, R. losea, and Rattus norvegicus on the beaches indicates the farmland community had migrated to the beach area. In conclusion, it is important to elucidate the succession of the small mammal community inhabiting the lake beaches in downstream areas to quantify the impact of the TGP.
Contribution to the knowledge of the rare “Famatina tuco-tuco”, Ctenomys famosus Thomas 1920 (Rodentia: Ctenomyidae)
Authors: Tatiana Sánchez R. , Ivanna Tomasco H. , Mónica Díaz M. , Barquez Rubén M. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract

Ctenomys famosus is one of the less known species of the genus, both in systematic and in phylogenetic aspects, as well as in its distribution and natural history. So far the only known specimens of this species are those from the type series, collected at the two localities mentioned in the original description, in La Rioja province, Argentina. We here provide new information about the species as well as some comments about the type locality, and add a new point to its known geographical distribution. In addition, the capture of topotypes allowed us to add unpublished information on molecular, morphological and cranial variables of the species. The phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial gene cytochrome b sequences positions C. famosus in the context of the existing phylogenetic hypotheses and proposals for the genus as belonging to the “mendocinus group”. This information can serve as a basis for future research that favors clarifying the evolutionary panorama of the group at the regional level, as well as for completing the existing relationships within the complex of the Argentine species of the genus.
On the identity ofDidelphis marsupialisLinnaeus 1758
Authors: Dias Cayo Augusto Rocha , Garbino Guilherme Siniciato Terra , Perini Fernando Araújo 
Published: April 2018

AbstractGiven the confusion ensuing from a recent study suggesting that the nameDidelphis marsupialisshould be applied to white-eared opossums instead of the traditional view that it represents a black-eared opossum, we reviewed all the sources employed by Linnaeus to describeD. marsupialisand examined photographs of the putative type specimen, comparing them with specimens of black- and white-earedDidelphis. We conclude that the type specimen presents characters that would allow us to diagnose it as a black-eared opossum species. We believe that the proposed nomenclatural changes not only are unjustified but also disrupt the stability advocated by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN).
Time Alignment as a Necessary Step in the Analysis of Sleep Probabilistic Curves
Authors: Rošt’áková Zuzana , Rosipal Roman 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Sleep can be characterised as a dynamic process that has a finite set of sleep stages during the night. The standard Rechtschaffen and Kales sleep model produces discrete representation of sleep and does not take into account its dynamic structure. In contrast, the continuous sleep representation provided by the probabilistic sleep model accounts for the dynamics of the sleep process. However, analysis of the sleep probabilistic curves is problematic when time misalignment is present. In this study, we highlight the necessity of curve synchronisation before further analysis. Original and in time aligned sleep probabilistic curves were transformed into a finite dimensional vector space, and their ability to predict subjects’ age or daily measures is evaluated. We conclude that curve alignment significantly improves the prediction of the daily measures, especially in the case of the S2-related sleep states or slow wave sleep.
Research on Measurement Accuracy of Laser Tracking System Based on Spherical Mirror with Rotation Errors of Gimbal Mount Axes
Authors: Shi Zhaoyao , Song Huixu , Chen Hongfang , Sun Yanqiang 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
This paper presents a novel experimental approach for confirming that spherical mirror of a laser tracking system can reduce the influences of rotation errors of gimbal mount axes on the measurement accuracy. By simplifying the optical system model of laser tracking system based on spherical mirror, we can easily extract the laser ranging measurement error caused by rotation errors of gimbal mount axes with the positions of spherical mirror, biconvex lens, cat’s eye reflector, and measuring beam. The motions of polarization beam splitter and biconvex lens along the optical axis and vertical direction of optical axis are driven by error motions of gimbal mount axes. In order to simplify the experimental process, the motion of biconvex lens is substituted by the motion of spherical mirror according to the principle of relative motion. The laser ranging measurement error caused by the rotation errors of gimbal mount axes could be recorded in the readings of laser interferometer. The experimental results showed that the laser ranging measurement error caused by rotation errors was less than 0.1 μm if radial error motion and axial error motion were within ±10 μm. The experimental method simplified the experimental procedure and the spherical mirror could reduce the influences of rotation errors of gimbal mount axes on the measurement accuracy of the laser tracking system.
Multilingualism and good citizenship: The making of language celebrities in Chinese media
Authors: Gao Shuang 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
This paper examines language ideologies underlying the media representation of Chinese citizens speaking multiple foreign languages. It argues that a figure of good citizenship is being articulated via valorization of multilingual competence that is grounded both in the newly cherished moral values of neoliberal globalization – entrepreneurship, reflexivity and flexibility – and in the traditional moral values of patriotism and contribution to society. Such configuration of citizenship departs from the nationalist monoglot language ideology, and yet demonstrates a flexible nationalism that links multilingual competence to personal welfare and social harmony. This study shows the importance of paying attention to the dynamic interplay between social class, nationalism, and neoliberal globalization in our analysis of language and citizenship.
Integrated five-port non-blocking optical router based on mode-selective property
Authors: Jia Hao , Zhou Ting , Fu Xin , Ding Jianfeng , Zhang Lei , Yang Lin 
Published: April 2018

AbstractIn this paper, we propose and demonstrate a five-port optical router based on mode-selective property. It utilizes different combinations of four spatial modes at input and output ports as labels to distinguish its 20 routing paths. It can direct signals from the source port to the destination port intelligently without power consumption and additional switching time to realize various path steering. The proposed architecture is constructed by asymmetric directional coupler based mode-multiplexers/de-multiplexers, multimode interference based waveguide crossings and single-mode interconnect waveguides. The broad optical bandwidths of these constituents make the device suitable to combine with wavelength division multiplexing signal transmission, which can effectively increase the data throughput. Measurement results show that the insertion loss of its 20 routing paths are lower than 8.5 dB and the optical signal-to-noise ratios are larger than 16.3 dB at 1525–1565 nm. To characterize its routing functionality, a 40-Gbps data transmission with bit-error-rate (BER) measurement is implemented. The power penalties for the error-free switching (BER<10−9) are 1.0 dB and 0.8 dB at 1545 nm and 1565 nm, respectively.
Crystal structure of 4-methoxy-6-phenyl-2H-pyran-2-one, C12H10O3
Authors: Obi Grace , Zamisa Sizwe J. , Heerden Fanie R. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
C12H10O3, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 7.2709(5) Å, b = 7.3228(5) Å, c = 9.4670(7) Å, α = 82.241(4)°, β = 88.161(3)°, γ = 70.192(5)°, V = 469.84(6) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0370, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1082, T = 100(2) K.
Crystal structure of (5Z,10Z)-3,13-dichloro-17,18-dioxo-5,11-diphenyl-8,9,17,18-tetrahydro-7H-dibenzo[e,n][1,4,8,12]tetraazacyclopentadecine-16,19-diido-κ4
N,N′,N′′,N′′′)copper(II), C31H22N4O2Cl2Cu
Authors: Chen Shi-Jun , Li Shi-Hui , Huang Yao , Liu Bin , Xiong Ting-Song , Cui Jun , Shen Xiao-Shuang , Chen Deng-Qian 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
C31H22N4O2Cl2Cu, orthorhombic, C2221 (no. 20), a = 6.869(2) Å, b = 18.535(7) Å, c = 21.199(7) Å, V = 2698.9(16) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0385, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1036, T = 293 K.
Crystal structure of bis{5-methoxy-2-(((2-oxo-2H-chromen-6-yl)imino)methyl)phenolato-κ2
N,O}zinc(II), C34H24N2O8Zn
Authors: Zhang Ping , Wang Yan-Bin , Su Qiong 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
C34H24N2O8Zn, triclinic, P1̅ (no. 2), a = 9.1202(6) Å, b = 12.2985(8) Å, c = 12.9973(9) Å, α = 83.799(2)°, β = 76.063(2)°, γ = 81.385(2)°, Z = 2, V = 1395.02(16) Å3, R
gt(F) = 0.0292, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0691, T = 296(2) K.
Crystal structure of 3-(2-chloro-6-methoxyquinolin-3-yl)-5-phenylisoxazole (C19H13ClN2O2)
Authors: Fernández-Galleguillos Carlos , Bórquez Jorge , Cárdenas Alejandro , Brito Iván 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
C19H13ClN2O2, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 11.2461(18) Å, b = 15.967(2) Å, c = 9.2864(13) Å, β = 106.770(9)°, V = 1596.6(4) Å3, Z = 4, Rgt
= 0.0670, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1606, T = 296(2) K.
Crystal structure of dichlorido-bis(N-phenyl-2-(quinolin-8-yloxy)acetamide-κ2
N,O) – acetone (2/1), C35.5H31N4O4.5Cl2Cu
Authors: Chen Liang , Wu Wei-Na 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
C35.5H31N4O4.5Cl2Cu, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 14.8239(3) Å, b = 16.2169(2) Å, c = 15.6515(3) Å, β = 109.889(1)°, V = 3538.16(11) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0499, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1577, T = 296(2) K.