bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tuning Emission Wavelength of Polymorphous Crystal via Controllable Alkyl Chain Stacking and Its Vapor‐ and Thermo‐Responsive Fluorescence
Authors: Peng Lu , Wei Ruirui , Guo Yifei , Zheng Xiaokun , Zheng Yue , Ding Yiwen , Xiang Yu , Tong Aijun 
Published: March 2019

AbstractTuning fluorescence colour of solid‐state materials has become a topic of increasing interest for both fundamental mechanism study and practical applications such as sensors, optical recording and security printing. In this work, a fluorescent colour tuneable molecule BA‐C16 is rationally designed and facilely synthesized by attaching flexible long alkyl chains to 2‐hydroxybenzophenone azine (BA), which shows both aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) and excited‐state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) characteristics. Compared to BA, the simple introduction of long alkyl chains in BA‐C16 leads to an emission wavelength redshift from 542 to 558 nm. This strategy of extending emission wavelength is rarely reported, and is ascribed to the enlarged through‐space π‐conjugation between interplanar molecules in the aggregate of BA‐C16. Three crystals of BA‐C16 are obtained with green, yellowish green and yellow emission. According to characterization by X‐ray crystallography, X‐ray powder diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry, alkyl chains play an important role in inducing different stacking modes of the three crystals, which further leads to polymorph‐dependent fluorescence colour. BA‐C16 exhibits tuneable solid‐state fluorescence upon vapor fumigation, or annealing based on a transition between a “near‐monomer” crystalline state and a “dimer” crystalline state. BA‐C16 is further applied for rewritable fluorescence printing tuned by vapor‐ and thermal‐treatment.
Generation of the Thymine Triplet State by Through‐Bond Energy Transfer
Authors: Miro Paula , Gomez‐Mendoza Miguel , Sastre Germán , Cuquerella M. Consuelo , Miranda Miguel A. , Marin M. Luisa 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBenzophenone (BP) and drugs containing the BP chromophore, such as the non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drug ketoprofen, have been widely reported as DNA photosensitizers through triplet–triplet energy transfer (TTET). In the present work, a direct spectroscopic fingerprint for the formation of the thymine triplet (3Thy*) by through‐bond (TB) TTET from 3BP* has been uncovered. This has been achieved in two new systems that have been designed and synthesized with one BP and one thymine (Thy) covalently linked to the two ends of the rigid skeleton of the natural bile acids cholic and lithocholic acid. The results shown here prove that it is possible to achieve triplet energy transfer to a Thy unit even when the photosensitizer is at a long (nonbonding) distance.
Solid‐State Hydrogen‐Bond Alterations in a [Co2Fe2] Complex with Bifunctional Hydrogen‐Bonding Donors
Authors: Nihei Masayuki , Yanai Yuta , Natke Dominik , Takayama Ryo , Kato Marina , Sekine Yoshihiro , Renz Franz , Oshio Hiroki 
Published: March 2019

AbstractA hydrogen‐bonding donor–acceptor system, [Co2Fe2(bpy*)4(CN)6(tp*)2](PF6)2⋅2ABA⋅4BN⋅2PE (1 solv), was prepared by co‐crystallization of an external stimuli‐responsive cyanide‐bridged tetranuclear [Co2Fe2] complex and bifunctional hydrogen‐bonding donors, p‐aminobenzoic acid. Compound 1 solv exhibited a gradual electron‐transfer‐coupled spin transition (ETCST), and the removal of solvent molecules led to an abrupt thermal ETCST behavior with increased transition temperature. X‐ray structural analysis revealed that the modification of ETCST was caused by a significant alteration of a hydrogen‐bonding mode between the tetranuclear [Co2Fe2]2+ cations and ABA molecules. Variable temperature IR measurements indicated that the desolvated form, 1 desolv, showed dynamic alteration of hydrogen‐bonding interactions coupled with thermal ETCST behavior. These results suggested that the tetranuclear [Co2Fe2] complex shows solid‐state modulations of hydrogen‐bond strengths by external stimuli.
Facile Synthesis and in situ TEM Observation of Nanoporous Pd for Enhanced Catalytic Applications
Authors: Liu Haiyang , Ke Kai , Li Chang , Chen Xin , Wu Yulian 
Published: March 2019

Summary of main observation and conclusionA facile, efficient and green photochemical synthetic approach has been used to prepare sponge‐like porous Pd nanoparticles. Obtained by ultraviolet irradiation using a K2PdCl4 precursor solution, the final products exhibited three dimensionally interconnected porous structures made up of ~3.6 nm sized Pd nanoparticles. In situ liquid cell TEM results indicated such porous structures are in a dynamic stable state when the particles are distributed in aqueous solution. The porous Pd nanoparticles exhibited electrochemical active surface area (ECSA) of up to 43 m2·g–1 and mass activity of 1144 mA·mg–1 in menthol oxidation, kapp of 0.22 min–1 and normalized kapp/m (kn) of 8.3×104 min–1·g–1 in 4‐nitrophenol (4‐NP) reduction reactions. Comparing with the literature, it is demonstrated that our porous Pd nanoparticles with clean surfaces exhibited very high catalytic performances. This work may shed a light on facile and green synthesis of noble‐metal particles with better catalytic performances.
Willingness to bear adversity and beliefs about the curability of advanced cancer in older adults
Authors: Loh Kah Poh , Mohile Supriya G. , Epstein Ronald M. , McHugh Colin , Flannery Marie , Culakova Eva , Lei Lianlian , Wells Megan , Gilmore Nikesha , Babu Dilip , Whitehead Mary I. , Dale William , Hurria Arti , Wittink Marsha , Magnuson Allison , Conlin Alison , Thomas Melanie , Berenberg Jeffrey , Duberstein Paul R. 
Published: March 2019

BackgroundOlder patients with advanced cancer who are 100% certain they will be cured pose unique challenges for clinical decision making, but to the authors’ knowledge, the prevalence and correlates of absolute certainty about curability (ACC) are unknown.MethodsCross‐sectional data were collected in a geriatric assessment trial. ACC was assessed by asking patients, “What do you believe are the chances that your cancer will go away and never come back with treatment?” Response options were 100% (coded as ACC), >50%, 50/50, <50%, 0%, and uncertain. The willingness to bear adversity in exchange for longevity was assessed by asking patients to consider trade‐offs between survival and 2 clinical outcomes that varied in abstractness: 1) maintaining quality of life (QOL; an abstract outcome); and 2) specific treatment‐related toxicities (eg, nausea/vomiting, worsening memory). Logistic regression was used to assess the independent associations between willingness to bear adversity and ACC.ResultsOf the 524 patients aged 70 to 96 years, approximately 5.3% reported that there was a 100% chance that their cancer would be cured (ACC). ACC was not found to be significantly associated with willingness to bear treatment‐related toxicities, but was more common among patients who were willing to trade QOL for survival (adjusted odds ratio, 4.08; 95% CI, 1.17‐14.26).ConclusionsPatients who were more willing to bear adversity in the form of an abstract state, namely decreased QOL, were more likely to demonstrate ACC. Although conversations regarding prognosis should be conducted with all patients, those who are willing to trade QOL for survival may especially benefit from conversations that focus on values and emotions.
Developmental organization of central neurons in the adult Drosophila ventral nervous system
Authors: Shepherd David , Sahota Virender , Court Robert , Williams Darren W. , Truman James W. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractWe have used MARCM to reveal the adult morphology of the post embryonically produced neurons in the thoracic neuromeres of the Drosophila VNS. The work builds on previous studies of the origins of the adult VNS neurons to describe the clonal organization of the adult VNS. We present data for 58 of 66 postembryonic thoracic lineages, excluding the motor neuron producing lineages (15 and 24) which have been described elsewhere. MARCM labels entire lineages but where both A and B hemilineages survive (e.g., lineages 19, 12, 13, 6, 1, 3, 8, and 11), the two hemilineages can be discriminated and we have described each hemilineage separately. Hemilineage morphology is described in relation to the known functional domains of the VNS neuropil and based on the anatomy we are able to assign broad functional roles for each hemilineage. The data show that in a thoracic hemineuromere, 16 hemilineages are primarily involved in controlling leg movements and walking, 9 are involved in the control of wing movements, and 10 interface between both leg and wing control. The data provide a baseline of understanding of the functional organization of the adult Drosophila VNS. By understanding the morphological organization of these neurons, we can begin to define and test the rules by which neuronal circuits are assembled during development and understand the functional logic and evolution of neuronal networks.
Effect of Food on the Pharmacokinetics of a Combination of Olanzapine and Samidorphan
Authors: Sun Lei , McDonnell David , Liu Jianjun , von Moltke Lisa 
Published: March 2019

AbstractALKS 3831 is a combination of olanzapine and samidorphan (OLZ/SAM), intended to provide the antipsychotic efficacy of OLZ while mitigating its known weight gain and metabolic effects. This randomized, 2‐way crossover study evaluated the effect of food on the pharmacokinetics (PK) of OLZ and SAM (both are Biopharmaceutics Classification System class 3 compounds) given in combination as OLZ/SAM. Thirty‐six healthy volunteers were randomized to receive a single dose of OLZ/SAM (10 mg OLZ/10 mg SAM) in either fasted or fed conditions. After a 14‐day washout period, study participants received the same OLZ/SAM dose in the opposite condition. PK profiles of OLZ and SAM were similar in fed and fasted conditions. The 90% confidence intervals (CIs) for the fed/fasted ratio of the geometric means for OLZ AUC0‐∞ and Cmax and SAM AUC0‐∞ were within the equivalence limit of 80%‐125%. Although the lower bound of the 90%CI for the fed/fasted ratio of SAM Cmax (76%‐94%) was slightly below the 80% equivalence limit, this slight decrease was not considered clinically meaningful. The results indicated that food does not have a clinically relevant impact on the PK of OLZ and SAM given as OLZ/SAM.
The effect of corporate social performance on the financial performance of business‐to‐business and business‐to‐consumer firms
Authors: Luffarelli Jonathan , Markou Panos , Stamatogiannakis Antonios , Gonçalves Dilney 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThere exists a widespread managerial belief that higher corporate social performance (CSP) increases both firm value and sales. Although numerous studies provide evidence of a positive effect of CSP on firm value, whether CSP can impact sales remains largely unknown. Can CSP influence sales? Is this effect contingent on the product‐market profile, that is, on whether firms operate in business or consumer markets? We use a panel dataset comprising 23,769 firm‐year observations to help address these questions. We find that higher CSP has a strong negative effect on sales for business‐to‐consumer firms but an insignificant or economically trivial effect for business‐to‐business firms. However, we also find that higher CSP has a positive effect on firm value for both types of firms. Taken together, these results demonstrate that higher CSP results in higher firm value but can hurt sales. We discuss the theoretical contributions and managerial implications of these findings.
Suppressing derivatives of selected variables in Verilog‐A
Authors: Huszka Zoltan , Molnar Kund 
Published: March 2019

SummaryA former scaling technique made it possible to eliminate the effect of the automatically generated derivatives at bipolar non–quasi‐static (NQS) modeling in Verilog‐A. An alternative technique is proposed here, which makes the derivatives of selected variables zero. The method was verified on the examples of bipolar NQS variants. The confirming results open a new perspective for increasing the flexibility of Verilog‐A compact modeling along with the reduction of computational efforts.
Identification of a 42‐bp heart‐specific enhancer of the notch1b gene in zebrafish embryos
Authors: Wang Feng , Yang Qian , Wu Fang , Zhang Yawen , Sun Shuna , Wang Xu , Gui Yonghao , Li Qiang 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackground
NOTCH1 plays a key role in the differentiation of ventricles, and mutations are strongly associated with both sporadic and familial bicuspid aortic valves. However, few heart‐specific enhancers have been identified to date.ResultsIn this study, we investigated evolutionary conserved regions (ECRs) that might act as potential enhancers within the region approximately 150‐kb upstream and downstream of the NOTCH1 gene. Functional validation revealed that one 127‐bp ECR located ~85‐kb downstream of the NOTCH1 gene drives green fluorescent protein expression in the zebrafish embryo heart. Transcription factor (TF) prediction and core TF distribution analyses were performed to identify the core region. Dissection of ECR3 was performed to identify the 42‐bp sequence, which is sufficient for heart‐specific expression. In situ hybridization experiments showed that notch1b is expressed in the heart. Overexpression experiments in cells indicated that NKX2‐5 is critical for enhancer activity. Mutation of the NKX‐5 binding site significantly decreased reporter gene expression. Next, compared with the commonly used myocardium‐labeled zebrafish transgenic strain Tg(cmlc2: mCherry), this 42‐bp enhancer‐labeled stable line mediated a similar expression pattern but with a smaller core region.ConclusionThis study identified a 42‐bp heart‐specific enhancer near the NOTCH1 gene and further verified its functional targeting by NKX2‐5.
Increased lipid and lipoprotein concentrations in anorexia nervosa: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Hussain Alia A. , Hübel Christopher , Hindborg Mathias , Lindkvist Emilie , Kastrup Annie M. , Yilmaz Zeynep , Støving René K. , Bulik Cynthia M. , Sjögren Jan M. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractObjectiveAlterations in blood lipid concentrations in anorexia nervosa (AN) have been reported; however, the extent, mechanism, and normalization with weight restoration remain unknown. We conducted a systematic review and a meta‐analysis to evaluate changes in lipid concentrations in acutely‐ill AN patients compared with healthy controls (HC) and to examine the effect of partial weight restoration.MethodA systematic literature review and meta‐analysis (PROSPERO: CRD42017078014) were conducted for original peer‐reviewed articles.ResultsForty‐eight studies were eligible for review; 33 for meta‐analyses calculating mean differences (MD). Total cholesterol (MD = 22.7 mg/dL, 95% CI = 12.5, 33.0), high‐density lipoprotein (HDL; MD = 3.4 mg/dL, CI = 0.3, 7.0), low‐density lipoprotein (LDL; MD = 12.2 mg/dL, CI = 4.4, 20.1), triglycerides (TG; MD = 8.1 mg/dL, CI = 1.7, 14.5), and apolipoprotein B (Apo B; MD = 11.8 mg/dL, CI = 2.3, 21.2) were significantly higher in acutely‐ill AN than HC. Partially weight‐restored AN patients had higher total cholesterol (MD = 14.8 mg/dL, CI = 2.1, 27.5) and LDL (MD = 16.1 mg/dL, CI = 2.3, 30.0). Pre‐ versus post‐weight restoration differences in lipid concentrations did not differ significantly.DiscussionWe report aggregate evidence for elevated lipid concentrations in acutely‐ill AN patients compared with HC, some of which persist after partial weight restoration. This could signal an underlying adaptation or dysregulation not fully reversed by weight restoration. Although concentrations differed between AN and HC, most lipid concentrations remained within the reference range and meta‐analyses were limited by the number of available studies.
Food insecurity and bulimia nervosa in the United States
Authors: Lydecker Janet A. , Grilo Carlos M. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundFood insecurity occurs when access to food is limited by financial hardship. Yet, paradoxically, food insecurity is associated with overeating, with emerging evidence that it may be related to disordered eating. A recent report found that food insecurity was associated with binge‐eating disorder (BED), but it is not yet known whether food insecurity is also associated with bulimia nervosa (BN).MethodsParticipants were 873 respondents recruited online who completed a battery of established measures and were categorized into three study groups: healthy‐weight (HW), BED, and BN. Hierarchical logistic regressions evaluated the extent to which low and very low food security were associated with BN compared with HW and BED study groups.ResultsLow and very low food security were both associated with increased likelihood of BN group membership compared with HW but not BED.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that food insecurity is associated with BN and also suggest that food insecurity's association with BN is similar to that for BED. These findings highlight the need for greater clinical and research attention to associations between food insecurity and eating disorders that include binge eating to inform eating‐disorder prevention and treatment.
Do riparian forest strips in modified forest landscapes aid in conserving bat diversity?
Authors: Carrasco‐Rueda Farah , Loiselle Bette A. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAgricultural practices lead to losses of natural resources and biodiversity. Maintaining forests alongside streams (riparian forest strips) has been used as a mechanism to minimize the impact of clearing for agriculture on biodiversity. To test the contribution of riparian forest strips to conserve biodiversity in production landscapes, we selected bats as a biodiversity model system and examined two dimensions of diversity: taxonomic and functional. We compared bat diversity and composition in forest, with and without stream habitat, and in narrow forest riparian strips surrounded by areas cleared for agriculture. We tested the hypothesis that riparian forest strips provide potential conservation value by providing habitat and serving as movement corridors for forest bat species. Riparian forest strips maintained 75% of the bat species registered in forested habitats. We found assemblage in sites with riparian forest strips were dominated by a few species with high abundance and included several species with low abundance. Bat species assemblage was more similar between sites with streams than between those sites to forests without stream habitat. These results highlight the importance of stream habitat in predicting presence of bat species. We registered similar number of guilds between forest sites and riparian forest strips sites. Relative to matrix habitats, stream and edge habitats in riparian forest strips sites were functionally more diverse, supporting our hypothesis about the potential conservation value of riparian forest strips. Results from this study suggest that maintaining riparian forest strips within cleared areas for agricultural areas helps conserve the taxonomic and functional diversity of bats. Also, it provides basic data to evaluate the efficacy of maintaining these landscape features for mitigating impacts of agricultural development on biodiversity. However, we caution that riparian forest strips alone are not sufficient for biodiversity maintenance; their value depends on maintenance of larger forest areas in their vicinity.
Modeling competition, niche, and coexistence between an invasive and a native species in a two‐species metapopulation
Authors: Dubart Maxime , Pantel Jelena H. , Pointier Jean‐Pierre , Jarne Philippe , David Patrice 
Published: March 2019

AbstractModeling the dynamics of competition and coexistence between species is crucial to predict long‐term impacts of invasive species on their native congeners. However, natural environments are often fragmented and variable in time and space. In such contexts, regional coexistence depends on complex interactions between competition, niche differentiation and stochastic colonization–extinction dynamics. Quantifying all these processes at landscape scale has always been a challenge for ecologists. We propose a new statistical framework to evaluate metapopulation parameters (colonization and extinction) in a two‐species system and how they respond to environmental variables and interspecific competition. It requires spatial surveys repeated in time, but does not assume demographic equilibrium. We apply this model to a long‐term survey of two snails inhabiting a network of freshwater habitats in the West Indies. We find evidence of reciprocal competition affecting colonization or extinction rates, modulated by species‐specific sensitivity to environmental variables. Simulations using model estimates allow us to predict species dynamics and explore the role of various coexistence mechanisms described by metacommunity theory in our system. The two species are predicted to stably coexist, because niche partitioning, source–sink dynamics and interspecific differences in extinction–colonization parameters all contribute to reduce the negative impacts of competition. However, none of these mechanisms is individually essential. Regional coexistence is primarily facilitated by transient co‐occurrence of the two species within habitat patches, a possibility generally not considered in theoretical metacommunity models. Our framework is general and could be extended to guilds of several competing species.
Relation between therapy‐induced changes in natriuretic peptide levels and long‐term therapeutic effects on mortality in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction
Authors: Wessler Benjamin S. , McCauley Michael , Morine Kevin , Konstam Marvin A. , Udelson James E. 
Published: March 2019

AimsTo assess whether natriuretic peptides (NPs) can be used to reliably predict long‐term therapeutic effect on clinical outcomes for patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF).Methods and resultsHFrEF intervention trials with mortality data were identified. Subsequently, we identified trials assessing therapy‐induced changes in NPs. We assessed the correlation between the average short‐term placebo‐corrected drug or device effect on NPs and the longer‐term therapeutic effect on clinical outcomes. Of 35 distinct therapies with an identifiable mortality result (n = 105 062 patients), 20 therapies had corresponding data on therapeutic effect on NPs. No correlation was observed between therapy‐induced placebo‐corrected change in brain natriuretic peptide or N‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide and therapeutic effect on all‐cause mortality (ACM) (Spearman r = −0.32, P = 0.18 and r = −0.20, P = 0.47, respectively). There was no correlation between therapy‐induced placebo‐corrected per cent change in NP and intervention effect on ACM or ACM‐heart failure hospitalizations (r = −0.30, P = 0.11 and r = 0.10, P = 0.75, respectively).ConclusionsShort‐term intervention‐induced changes in NP levels are not reliable predictors of therapeutic long‐term effect on mortality or morbidity outcomes for patients with HFrEF.