bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prescription auditing: an important tool for sensitization of resident doctors for rationale prescription and utilization of drug
Authors: Dhavalshankh Archana G. , Rajadnya Vikram A. , Patil Kedar L. 
Published: September 2019

Background: The main objective of the Maharashtra Health Systems Development Project (MHSDP) is to enhance the quality of care by improving health care; in the hospitals, in the state. Improvement in the prescribing practice of resident doctors working in the hospitals is one of the initiatives taken up, to improve the rationalizing service delivery. A prescription audit may become an important tool for sensitizing resident doctors for rational prescription and utilization of drug.Methods: An observational study was carried out during the period of March 2017 to May 2017 in tertiary care teaching hospital, Kolhapur. Total 247 first prescriptions written by resident for in-door-patient department were collected, scrutinized and analysed. Prescriptions were evaluated for completeness of prescription format while legibility was graded. Prescriptions were also analysed as per World Health Organization prescribing indicators.Results: In study 247 prescriptions with 1091 drugs with average 4.42% drugs per prescription, 49.8 % prescriptions wrote the drugs by generic name. We found that 44.1 % prescriptions written with drugs included in essential medicines list while antibiotics prescribed were 27.1%. In prescription format 34% had incorrect dosage, 67% of prescriptions omitted the duration of treatment. Direction for drug use was not mentioned in 25% of prescriptions. Weight was not mentioned on any prescriptions even for paediatric group.Conclusions: Through prescription auditing, sensitizing resident doctors for rational prescription and utilization of drug can be done to achieve the goal of the MHSDP of enhancing the quality of care by improving health care; in the hospitals, in the state.
Evaluation of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of red raspberries on chronic nicotine-induced damage: an experimental study
Authors: Selli Jale 
Published: September 2019

Background: As an addictive substance, nicotine has been recognized as a risk factor to induce oxidative tissue damage, which is a main risk factor for development of lung-related diseases. Red raspberries (Rubus idaeus L.) have been used for the treatment of several tissue damage for decreasing oxidative stress and inflammation. For this purpose, authors aimed to investigate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of raspberry on nicotine-induced lung damage in rats.Methods: 32 male Sprague–Dawley rats included in present study. The rats were divided into the following four groups, with eight rats in each group: control, raspberry 100 mg/kg, nicotine 5 mg/kg, nicotine + raspberry 100 mg/kg treated (concomitant nicotine and raspberry extract) groups. The assessment of lung structure was made on light and stereo investigator microscope, immunohistochemical analysis was performed by determining anti-Caspase-3 immunostaining.Results: The lung of the nicotine applied group exhibited emphysematous air spaces, massive congestion areas, disrupted alveoli, thickened septa and inflammatory cell infiltration. Much improvement was observed in the raspberry-treated group despite the presence of mild residual changes. Moreover, loss of massive congestion areas and decreased Caspase-3 level were detected in the raspberry-treated group.Conclusions: Our results indicate that the raspberry extract attenuate the pathological changes of nicotine in the lung rats through antioxidative and anti- inflammatory mechanisms.
SOCIAL ACTORS’ REPRESENTATION IN ONLINE MALAYSIAN NEWSPAPERS DURING ELECTIONS: A TRANSITIVITY ANALYSIS OF NEWSPAPER TEXT
Authors: Asad Saira , Binti Mohd Noor Dr. Siti Noor Fazelah , Bin Jaes Dr. Lutfan 
Published: September 2019

Purpose of the study: This study aimed to find out the meaning behind the text of two streams of online newspapers in Malaysia, the present study is conducted on ‘Malaysiakini’ (independent newspaper) and ‘The News Straits Times’ (mainstream newspaper).
Methodology: The research employs Norman Fairclough (1995) Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), which is analyzed with Halliday’s Systematic Functional Linguistics (SFL) based on social semiotics analysis (1985). Transitivity Analysis of text is based on Halliday’s work by Matthiessen (2014). Sixteen-16 (6,125 words) hard news is selected from ‘Malaysiakini’ and five-5 (2,270 words) from ‘The New Straits Times’ based on the ‘defamation’ category, which is selected from one week before elections. The selected dates of data are 3rd May till 9th May 2018. The news reports are selected on social actors’ performances i.e. Dr.Mahathir Mohamad and Najib Razak, which are based on van Leeuwen’s (2005) social semiotic framework.
Main Findings: The results show Malaysiakini has portrayed independent views and given fair portrayal to both political social actors as compared to ‘The News Straits Times’.
Applications of this study: The study can be useful in print journalism in which grammatical words’ analysis through the process of transitivity leads to determine the inclination of the newspaper towards a political party.
Novelty/Originality of this study: The study may benefit readers in existing knowledge as elections’ social actors have not been analyzed earlier grammatically.
Kuersetin, Penghambat Uridin 5-Monofosfat Sintase Sebagai Kandidat Anti-kanker
Authors: Ruswanto Ruswanto , Garna Imam Mustaqim , Tuslinah Lilis , Mardianingrum Richa , Lestari Tresna , Nofianti Tita 
Published: September 2019

<p>Kanker adalah pembentukan jaringan baru yang abnormal dan bersifat ganas. Efek toksisitas yang ditimbulkan pada setiap senyawa obat antikanker selalu menjadi problem dalam pengobatan kanker dengan cara kemoterapi, maka dari itu perlu dicari alternatife lain untuk mengatasi kanker. Kuersetin telah diketahui mempunyai aktivitas sitotoksik pada sel kanker tapi belum diketahui mekanisme kerjanya. Pada penelitian ini telah dilakukan penelitiaan <em>in silico</em> untuk mengetahui target reseptor dari senyawa kuersetin melalui identifikasi target reseptor melalui <a href="http://lilab.ecust.edu.cn/pharmmapper/">http://lilab.ecust.edu.cn/pharmmapper/</a> dan studi interaksi melalui metode <em>docking</em>. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa kuersetin memiliki aktivitas pada target reseptor proto-onkogen protein-tirosin kinase dan uridin 5-monofosfat sintase. Berdasarkan nilai energi bebas (∆G) dari hasil <em>docking</em> dapat disimpulkan kuersetin memiliki aktivitas terbaik pada protein target uridin 5-monofosfat sintase dengan nilai energi <em>binding affinity</em> sebesar -8,28617 kkal/mol dan berinteraksi dengan residu asam amino yang sesuai dengan <em>active site</em> dari protein target reseptor uridin 5-monofosfat sintase yaitu membentuk 2 ikatan hidrogen dengan residu <em>Tyr 432</em> dan <em>Gly 450 </em>dan kontak bagian hidrofobik dengan residu <em>Asn 312</em>, <em>Met 371</em>, <em>pro 417</em>.</p><p><strong>Quersetine</strong><strong>:</strong><strong> Uridine 5-Monophosphate Synthase Inhibitor as Anti</strong><strong>cancer</strong><strong> Candid</strong><strong>a</strong><strong>te</strong>. Cancer is the abnormal formation of new tissue and malignant. Toxicity effects inflicted on any anti-cancer drug compounds has always been a problem in the treatment of cancer by chemotherapy, therefore it is necessary to find other alternatives to treat cancer. Quercetin has been known to have cytotoxic activity on cancer cells but unknown mechanism of action. This study has been conducted in silico to determine the receptor target of the quercetin compound through the identification of target receptors by <a href="http://lilab.ecust.edu.cn/pharmmapper/">http://lilab.ecust.edu.cn/pharmmapper/</a> and interaction studies through docking methods. The results showed that the quercetin has activity on the receptor target proto-oncogene protein-tyrosine kinase and uridine 5- monophosphate synthase. Based on free energy value (ΔG) of the docking results we can conclude the quercetin has the best activity of the receptor target uridine 5- monophosphate synthase with a binding affinity energy value of -8.28617 kcal/mol and interacts with the amino acid residues to the active site of the receptor target 5-uridine monophosphate synthase which form two hydrogen bonds with <em>Tyr 432</em> and <em>Gly 450</em> and the hydrophobic contact with <em>Asn 312</em>, <em>Met 371</em>, and <em>pro 417</em>.</p>
Prevalence of Clinical Depression Among Patients After Shoulder Stabilization
Authors: Weekes Danielle G. , Campbell Richard E. , Shi Weilong J. , Giunta Nicholas , Freedman Kevin B. , Pepe Matthew D. , Tucker Bradford S. , Tjoumakaris Fotios P. 
Published: September 2019

Background:Depression is a potential risk factor for poor postoperative outcomes. This study aimed to identify the prevalence of clinical depression symptoms before and after shoulder stabilization, as well as the relationship between depression and functional outcomes.Methods:Patients undergoing arthroscopic primary glenohumeral stabilization for recurrent instability were eligible for enrollment. Participants completed the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology-Self Report (QIDS-SR) and the Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index (WOSI) questionnaire preoperatively and at 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year postoperatively. Patients with a preoperative QIDS-SR score of ≥6 were assigned to the clinical depression group.Results:Seventy-six patients were enrolled and were prospectively followed during this study. Thirty-nine patients were stratified into the clinical depression group. Preoperatively, the clinical depression cohort had worse WOSI scores than the cohort without clinical depression (mean difference, 8.3% [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.5% to 16.1%]; p = 0.04). Both the clinical depression cohort and the cohort without clinical depression displayed an improvement in WOSI scores at 1 year postoperatively (p < 0.01 for both cohorts). Both the clinical depression cohort and the cohort without clinical depression displayed an improvement in QIDS-SR scores at 1 year postoperatively (p < 0.01 for both cohorts). At 1 year postoperatively, the clinical depression cohort continued to have worse WOSI scores than the cohort without clinical depression (mean difference, 12.2% [95% CI, 5.9% to 18.5%]; p < 0.01) and worse QIDS-SR scores; the median QIDS-SR score was 5.0 points (interquartile range [IQR], 2.0 to 8.0 points) for the clinical depression group and 0.0 points (IQR, 0.0 to 3.0 points) for the group without clinical depression (p < 0.01). The postoperative prevalence of clinical depression (24%) was lower than the preoperative prevalence (51%) (p < 0.01). Increasing patient age was associated with preoperative depression symptoms (odds ratio, 3.1; p = 0.03).Conclusions:Fifty-one percent of patients with shoulder instability reported depression symptoms before the surgical procedure. Surgical intervention improved shoulder function and depression symptoms over time; however, the clinical depression cohort had worse postoperative shoulder and depression outcomes.Level of Evidence:PrognosticLevel II. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Comprehensive transcriptome analysis of grafting onto Artemisia scoparia W. to affect the aphid resistance of chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium T. )
Authors: Author) Xue-ying Zhang(Former Corresponding , Author) Xian-zhi Sun(New Corresponding , Zhang Sheng , Liu Fang-fang , Yang Jing-hui , Fan Jie 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Aphid ( Macrosiphoniella sanbourni ) stress drastically influences the yield and quality of chrysanthemum, and grafting has been widely used to improve tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. However, the effect of grafting on the resistance of chrysanthemum to aphids remains unclear. Therefore, we used the RNA-Seq platform to perform a de novo transcriptome assembly to analyze the self - rooted grafted chrysanthemum ( Chrysanthemum morifolium 'Hangbaiju') and the grafted Artermisia-chrysanthemum ( grafted onto Artemisia scoparia ) transcription response to aphid stress.
Association mapping of a locus that confers southern stem canker resistance in soybean and SNP marker development
Authors: Santos João Vitor Maldonado dos , Ferreira Everton Geraldo Capote , Passianotto André Luiz de Lima , Brumer Bruna Bley , Santos Adriana Brombini Dos , Soares Rafael Moreira , Torkamaneh Davoud , Arias Carlos Alberto Arrabal , Belzile François , Abdelnoor Ricardo Vilela , Marcelino-Guimaraes Francismar 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background
Southern stem canker (SSC), caused by Diaporthe aspalathi (E. Jansen, Castl. & Crous), is an important soybean disease that has been responsible for severe losses in the past. The main strategy for controlling this fungus involves the introgression of resistance genes. Thus far, five main loci have been associated with resistance to SSC. However, there is a lack of information about useful allelic variation at these loci. In this work, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) was performed to identify allelic variation associated with resistance against Diaporthe aspalathi and to provide molecular markers that will be useful in breeding programs.
Results
We characterized the response to SSC infection in a panel of 295 accessions from different regions of the world, including important Brazilian elite cultivars. Using a GBS approach, the panel was genotyped, and we identified marker loci associated with Diaporthe aspalathi resistance through GWAS. We identified 19 SNPs associated with southern stem canker resistance, all on chromosome 14. The peak SNP showed an extremely high degree of association ( p-value = 6.35E-27) and explained a large amount of the observed phenotypic variance (R² = 70%). This strongly suggests that a single major gene is responsible for resistance to D. aspalathi in most of the lines constituting this panel. In resequenced soybean materials, we identified other SNPs in the region identified through GWAS in the same LD block that clearly differentiate resistant and susceptible accessions. The peak SNP was selected and used to develop a cost-effective molecular marker assay, which was validated in a subset of the initial panel. In an accuracy test, this SNP assay demonstrated 98% selection efficiency.
Conclusions
Our results suggest relevance of this locus to SSC resistance in soybean cultivars and accessions from different countries, and the SNP marker assay developed in this study can be directly applied in MAS studies in breeding programs to select materials that are resistant against this pathogen and support its introgression
Risk factors for Clostridioides difficile infection and colonization among patients admitted to intensive care units in Shanghai, China
Authors: Cui Yingchao , Dong Danfeng , Zhang Lihua , Wang Daosheng , Jiang Cen , Ni Qi , Wang Chen , Mao Enqiang , Peng Yibing 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background : Clostridioides difficile is considered to be the main pathogen responsible for hospital-acquired infections. This study performed a prospective study to describe the prevalence, molecular epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) and Clostridioides difficile colonization (CDC) among patients in intensive care units (ICUs), a tertiary hospital in China, with the aim of providing strategies for efficient CD prevention and control.
Methods: Stool samples were collected and anaerobically cultured for C. difficile . The identified isolates were tested for toxin genes and multi-locus sequence typing. The medical records of patients who were divided into CDI, CDC and control groups were collected and analyzed to investigate the risk factors.
Results: Of the 800 patients included in the study, 33 (4.12%) and 25 (3.12%) patients were identified with CDI and CDC, respectively. An association was found between CDI patients and having a fever (OR=13.993) or metabolic disorder (OR=7.972), and treatment with fluoroquinolone (OR=42.696) or a combination of antibiotics (OR=2.856). CDC patients were characterized by longer hospital stays (OR=1.137), an increased number of comorbidities (OR=36.509), respiratory diseases (OR=0.043) and treatment with vancomycin (OR=18.168). Significantly, treatment with metronidazole was simultaneously found to be a protective factor in the two groups (OR=0.042; OR=0.013). Eighteen sequence types (STs) were identified. Among the CDI group, the isolates were predominantly toxin A and toxin B positive (A+B+) strains and genotype ST2 was the epidemic clone. In the CDC group, the dominant strains were A+B+ and ST81 was the epidemic clone.
Conclusions: The prevalence of CDC and CDI in our ICUs was relatively high, suggesting the importance of routine screening to detect the acquisition of this pathogen. Future prevention and treatment strategies for C. difficile -related disease should consider hospital stays, enteral nutrition, underlying comorbidities, and the use of combined antibiotics. Moreover, metronidazole could be a protective factor for both CDI and CDC, which could be used empirically .
Intestinal parasitic infections and determinant factors among school age children in Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Dessie Awrajaw , Gebregzabher Tesfay , Kiros Berihu , Wami Sintayehu Daba , Chercos Daniel Haile 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
[EXSCINDED]
Abstract
Abstract
Abstract
Abstract
Abstract
Abstract
Abstract

Objective
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections and associated factors among school children in Sebeya primary school, Northern Ethiopia, 2017.Results

The prevalence of intestinal parasites in school age children was (29.9%). E.histolytica/dispar 62 (49.21%), G.lamblia 28 (22.22%), and A. lumbricoides 23 (18.25%) were the most prevalent parasitic organisms identified. Unclean finger nail (AOR= 1.72), defecating in the open field (AOR=2.82), and being barefooted (AOR=1.72) were the determinant factors for intestinal parasitic infections. Frequently washing hands reduced the chance of infections by 68%. Furthermore, children in grade 1-4 and 5-6 had higher odds developing the infections than those in grade 7-8 (AOR=8.21 and AOR=2.50, respectively).
No association between early antiretroviral therapy during pregnancy and plasma levels of angiogenic factors: a cohort study
Authors: Djeha Ameyo , Girard Sylvie , Trottier Helen , Kakkar Fatima , Soudeyns Hugo , Boucher Marc , Lapointe Normand , Boucoiran Isabelle 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: Early antiretroviral therapy (ART) during pregnancy has dramatically reduced the risk of perinatal HIV transmission. However, studies have shown an association between premature delivery and the use of ART during pregnancy (particularly protease inhibitor (PI)-based therapies), which could be explained by placental dysfunction. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association of ART (class, duration of exposure and time of initiation) with placental function by using angiogenic factors placental growth factor (PlGF) and soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1) as biomarkers. Methods: Clinical and biological data from 159 pregnant women living with HIV were analyzed. Levels of each biomarker were measured in the first and second trimester of pregnancy. After logarithmic transformation, we compared these using generalized estimating equations according to (a) the type of ART; (b) the duration of exposure to ART; and (c) the time of initiation of ART. Results: After adjusting for variables such as ethnicity, maternal age, gestational age, body mass index, parity, smoking status, and sex of the fetus, we found no significant association between the class of ART (PI-based or not) and serum concentrations of PlGF or sFlt-1. Furthermore, no significant association was found between biomarker levels and the duration of ART exposure or the timing of ART initiation (pre- or post-conception). Conclusions: This study suggests that first and second trimester angiogenic factor levels are not significantly associated with ART, regardless of the duration or type (with or without PI). These observations seem reassuring when considering the use of ART during early pregnancy.
The Relationship Between Retroperitoneal Lymphadenectomy and Survival in Advanced Ovarian Cancer Patients
Authors: Zhang Ping , Fang Chenyan , Zhang Yingli , Zhao Lingqin , Chen Xi , Xia Liang 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background

Systematic retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy has been widely used in the surgical treatment of advanced ovarian cancer patients; nevertheless, the effect remains controversial. Thus, the current study was carried out aiming to evaluate the benefit of systematic retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy in such patients with optimal cytoreduction.

Methods

Patients with advanced ovarian cancer (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage III-IV) admitted and treated in Zhejiang Cancer Hospital from January 2004 to December 2013 were enrolled and reviewed retrospectively. All patients were optimally debulked (residual tumor <1 cm or absent) and divided into two groups. Group A (n =170) (no-lymphadenectomy group): patients did not undergo lymph node resection; lymph nodes resection or biopsy were selective. Group B (n=240): patients underwent systematic retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy.

Results

A total of 410 eligible patients were enrolled in the analysis. The median age was 51 years (range: 28–72). The 5-year overall survival (OS) and 2-year progression-free survival (PFS) rates were 78% and 24% in the no-lymphadenectomy group and 76% and 26% in the lymphadenectomy group (P=0.385 and P=0.214, respectively). Subsequently, there was no significant difference in 5-year overall survival and 2-year progression-free survival between the two groups stratified to histological type (serous or non-serous type), the clinical evaluation for lymph nodes (negative) or with macroscopic peritoneal metastasis beyond pelvic (IIIB-IV). Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that systematic retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy was not a significant factor affecting survival of patients. Patients in the lymphadenectomy group had a higher incidence of postoperative complications (incidence of infection treated with antibiotics was 21.7% vs. 12.9% [P=0.027]; incidence of lymph cysts was 20.8% vs. 2.4% [P < 0.001]).

Conclusions

Our study showed that systematic retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy did not significantly improve survival in advanced ovarian cancer patients with residual tumor <1 cm or absent after cytoreductive surgery, and were associated with a higher incidence of postoperative complications.