bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Implementing Virtual Diabetes Group Visits on Staff and Provider Wellbeing, Job Satisfaction, and Burnout: A Mixed Methods Analysis
Authors: Moghe Rohan , Zhu Mengqi , Staab Erin , Nuñez Daisy , Basheer Sana , Wan Wen , Campbell Amanda , Quinn Michael , Schaefer Cynthia T. , Baig Arshiya A. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTRationaleFew have assessed the impact of group visits (GVs), or shared medical appointments, on community health centre (CHC) staff and provider burnout, wellness, and job satisfaction.Aims and ObjectivesThis study assesses the impact of diabetes GV implementation on staff and provider morale and burnout.MethodsIt is a pre‐post study from a larger cluster randomised trial. Two cohorts of providers and staff from 13 Midwestern CHC clinics implemented in‐person (N = 39) and virtual (N = 31) GVs for adults with diabetes. Semi‐structured interviews (post‐implementation) and surveys (pre and post‐implementation) were conducted with staff and providers in both cohorts to assess changes in burnout, staff morale, and job satisfaction, along with reported benefits and burdens of GVs. Thematic analysis of interview transcripts and significance testing for survey data was then performed.ResultsInterview data came from the in‐person cohort (N = 15) and the virtual cohort (N = 19). Survey data were collected from a total of 70 respondents from the in‐person (N = 39) and virtual (N = 31) cohorts. Key results include reported improved relationships with colleagues (‘it has made our professional relationships stronger and I feel more comfortable talking about other things, as well’.), strengthened connections with patients (‘We were able to help patients on a deeper level and provide more detail and one‐on‐one care’.), and individual reward (‘Morale has increased. They're contributing and doing something positive for the patients’.). When asked about in‐person versus virtual GVs, respondents noted they preferred in‐person care but appreciated the flexibility virtual care afforded. Survey results revealed improved job satisfaction in the 2018 cohort and improved morale in the 2020 cohort, as well as perceived benefits including increased interprofessional collaboration and increased connection to patients.ConclusionsImplementation of GVs in the CHC setting impacted key areas of burnout, including relationships, job attachment, and feelings of meaningful contribution in the workplace among providers and staff. Future clinic‐based implementation studies may consider measuring staff and provider well‐being as part of the evaluation.
Development and Testing of the Comprehensive Prenatal Care Index: Relationship With Preterm Birth and Small for Gestational Age Across Racial and Ethnic Groups
Authors: Lima dos Santos Sueny P. , Calloway Eric E. , Chertok Ilana R. A. , Haile Zelalem T. 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionPreterm birth and small for gestational age (SGA) are significant public health concerns in the United States, with pronounced disparities across racial and ethnic groups. Traditional prenatal care adequacy indices have limitations in fully capturing their multifaceted nature. Our study introduces the Comprehensive Prenatal Care Index (CPCI) to provide a more holistic assessment of prenatal care by integrating key elements of prenatal counseling and health promotion.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study used the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System 2016‐2021 data. The CPCI was developed based on a comprehensive literature review, incorporating components such as timing, frequency, and content of prenatal visits. The index was validated using Item Response Theory (IRT) and compared with the Kotelchuck and Kessner Indices.ResultsThe study included 139,181 pregnant women. The CPCI demonstrated strong internal consistency (Cronbach's α, 0.75; ω total, 0.81). IRT analysis confirmed the index's ability to capture variability in the quality of prenatal care, with item difficulty parameters ranging from −2.93 to +2.10. CPCI scores were significantly associated with reduced odds of adverse birth outcomes. Adequate CPCI care was linked to a 63% reduction in the odds of preterm birth among non‐Hispanic White women, with similar reductions observed in Hispanic women (odds ratio [OR], 0.59) and Asian women (OR, 0.38). For SGA, adequate care was protective among non‐Hispanic White (OR, 0.86) and Hispanic women (OR, 0.82) but showed mixed results in other groups.DiscussionThe CPCI provides a more inclusive measure of the quality of prenatal care compared with traditional indices. The study's findings suggest a significant role of comprehensive prenatal care in reducing adverse birth outcomes and addressing racial and ethnic disparities. Future research should focus on refining the CPCI and exploring its applicability in diverse populations to inform targeted and culturally sensitive prenatal care strategies.
Consumer Acceptance of Baked Products Containing Various Probiotic Strains
Authors: Payne Jessie , Bellmer Danielle , Holt Brooke 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTA consumer central location test explored the effect of adding probiotics to baked products. Lactobacillus acidophilus and two Bacillus subtilis strains were incorporated into plain cookies and crackers. Consumer acceptability and the sensory characteristics of these products were then evaluated. The addition of Bacillus probiotics significantly affected the color, appearance, flavor, texture, and overall liking of both cookies and crackers. However, the sensory profiles of the L. acidophilus cookies and crackers were not significantly different from those of the control samples. In contrast, the B. subtilis samples were significantly less liked by consumers. Overall, consumers liked the control samples over those samples containing B. subtilis spores.
Quantifying the predation impact of an expanding mesocarnivore on declining small‐game species
Authors: Descalzo E. , Jiménez J. , Villafuerte R. , Delibes‐Mateos M. , Díaz‐Ruiz F. , Ferreras P. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractHuman‐wildlife conflicts have increased and are particularly acute when predators are involved. A frequent source of conflict is some people's misbeliefs related to the alleged impact of predators on game species and livestock. In this context, quantifying the impact of expanding predators on their prey can be useful in designing conflict mitigation strategies. We estimated the predation impact of the Egyptian mongoose (Herpestes ichneumon), an expanding mesocarnivore in southwestern Europe, on European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) and red‐legged partridge (Alectoris rufa) populations, two declining prey species highly valued by hunters. We estimated mongoose densities in three areas of central Spain through live capture, GPS/VHF tagging, camera‐trapping and spatial mark‐resight models. Rabbit and partridge densities were estimated through transect counts and distance sampling. We quantified the mongoose diet by scat analysis. Finally, we compared the number of individuals consumed by the predator population with the estimated total prey populations. European rabbits were the most important mongoose food in two of the study areas, whereas red‐legged partridges were rarely consumed in all the areas. Rabbit density varied widely among study areas (14.0–881.4 rabbits/km2), while partridge density was low in all the areas (2.3–6.9 partridges/km2). The predation impact on rabbits was low in the area with the highest rabbit density (1.9–3.8% of estimated population) and higher (5.6–29%) in the other areas. In contrast, the predation impact on partridge populations was low (<9%) in all the study areas. This is the first study that estimates the Egyptian mongoose impact on small‐game species, a necessary step to deal with the conflicts over the management of this expanding species. The study of predation impact may contribute to the effective management of human‐wildlife conflicts involving predators, by improving the understanding of where additional management may take place to protect prey species or deter predator populations.
Unveiling the nature of philosophical problems: Formal and conceptual aspects
Authors: Harbecke Jens 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis paper approximates an intensional definitional distinction between philosophical problems and non‐philosophical problems. It contends that a philosophical problem consists of an inconsistent set M of propositions that satisfies certain characteristics. Among these are its minimality, the plausibility of its individual propositions, the non‐empirical character of some of these propositions, and the fact that a discursive context exists within which some of M's non‐mathematical non‐empirical propositions are challenged by argument. The extrinsic and pragmatic criterion marks the key novelty of the presented definition. Building on the analysed concept of a philosophical problem, the paper explores the question of how the definition relates to philosophy as a discipline, whether it should be interpreted as descriptively adequate and exclusive, and whether there is space for genuine philosophical research that does not deal with philosophical problems in the presented sense.
The top‐down nature of ontological inquiry: Against pluralism about top‐down and bottom‐up approaches
Authors: van der Merwe Ragnar 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSome philosophical pluralists argue that a top‐down and a bottom‐up approach serve as equally justified methods for engaging in ontological inquiry. In the top‐down approach, we start with an analysis of theory and extrapolate from there to the world. In the bottom‐up approach, we begin with an empirical investigation of the world and let our theory respond accordingly. The idea is that ontological conclusions arrived at via these two equally justified methods are then also equally justified. This paper argues that top‐down/bottom‐up methodological pluralism inadvertently grants primacy to the top‐down approach. It goes on to suggest that this is, in fact, unavoidable because it applies to ontological inquiry in general. Ontological inquiry invariably prioritises the top‐down approach because (a) ontological conclusions are not revealed during empirical investigations; instead, they are conceptual (that is, theoretical) posits asserted top‐down and (b) even if we consider both top‐down and bottom‐up approaches during ontological inquiry, such a consideration itself occurs from within theory (that is, top‐down).
Three‐Dimensional Comparative Analysis of Root Parallelism in First Premolar Extraction Cases: Clear Aligner Versus Fixed Orthodontic Appliance
Authors: Al‐Gumaei Waseem S. , Jian Fan , Zhang Xiaoqi , Tang Yufei , Yang Yi , Zhang Haoxin , Lai Wenli , Long Hu 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo compare the three‐dimensional root parallelism (mesiodistally and buccolingually) between orthodontic therapy with the Invisalign clear aligners (CA) and fixed appliances (FA) among the first premolar‐extraction patients, using cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT).Materials and MethodsSixty participants with similar American Board of Orthodontics discrepancy index scores as baseline characteristics were included and divided into CA and FA groups (30 per group). Post‐treatment mesiodistal and buccolingual root parallelisms were analysed through CBCT using Invivo 6.0.3 software. Descriptive and analytical statistics were performed with a p < 0.05, considered statistically significant.ResultsMesiodistal dental root parallelism in the U1‐U2 and L1‐L2 pairings between CA and FA groups were found to be significantly different with inferior parallelism in the CA group (p < 0.05). Conversely, the U3‐U5 and L5‐L6 pairings exhibited superior parallelism in the CA group (p < 0.05). However, other pairings, including U1‐U1, U2‐U3, U5‐U6, U6‐U7, L1‐L1, L2‐L3, L3‐L5, and L6‐L7, showed no significant differences in mesiodistal parallelism between groups (p > 0.05). Regarding the buccolingual dental root parallelism, significant differences were also noted in the U5‐U6 and L5‐L6 pairings with superior parallelism in the CA group (p < 0.05). However, in the U1‐U1, U2‐U3, U3‐U5, U6‐U7, L1‐L1, L2‐L3, L3‐L5, and L6‐L7 pairings, no significant differences in buccolingual parallelism were observed (p > 0.05).ConclusionIn this study, our findings indicate that in cases involving the extraction of first premolars, Invisalign clear aligners may offer comparable or even superior three‐dimensional root parallelism compared to fixed orthodontic appliances, with the exception of the mesiodistal dimension in upper and lower incisors, where their performance is less effective.
Intensive Kinship, Development, and Demography: Why Pakistan has the Highest Rates of Cousin Marriage in the World
Authors: Shenk Mary K. , Naz Saman , Chaudhry Theresa 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPakistan has the highest rates of consanguinity in the world, with nearly two‐thirds marrying cousins. To understand this pattern, we adopt the theoretical framework of intensive and extensive kinship that allows us to predict correlates of consanguineous marriages and logically connect patterns in Pakistan with those in other regions. Using data from the Punjab Consanguinity Survey, we examine indicators of economic development, fertility, cultural norms, and marriage payments as potential correlates of cousin marriage. Consistent with the intensive kinship framework, we find that number of cousins, parental consanguinity, spousal proximity, and caste or clan endogamy are associated with higher likelihood of consanguinity. In contrast, the likelihood of cousin marriage decreases with extensive kinship indicators including husband's education, co‐education, and large wedding expenditures. For women, cousin marriages are often “marrying down” financially, keeping women's wealth in the family. Comparison of Pakistan to other countries highlights the importance of low levels of literacy and female education, high fertility, and rapid population growth. We conclude that high rates of cousin marriage persist in Pakistan due to slow economic development which maintains motivations for cooperation with kin, and high fertility rates which sustain the large numbers of cousins that enable high levels of consanguinity.
An Intraspecific Negative Correlation Between the Repair Capacity of Photoinhibition of Cold Acclimated Plants and the Habitat Temperature
Authors: Oguchi Riichi , Nagano Soichiro , Pfleger Ana , Ozaki Hiroshi , Hikosaka Kouki , Osmond Barry , Chow Wah Soon 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBoth the activity of photosynthesis and the repair of damaged photosystems decline in cold environments, which may increase the extent of the damage of photosynthetic machinery by light, namely photoinhibition. We hypothesized that plants in colder habitats may possess greater tolerance to photoinhibition, especially in low‐temperature conditions.We measured the rate of photoinhibition, rate of photoinhibition repair and other thylakoid activities in cold environments using 298 Arabidopsis thaliana ecotypes and studied the relationships among the indicators of photoinhibition tolerance and climatic data of the habitat of each ecotype. The plants acclimated to cold conditions (12°C) for 3 days showed a negative correlation between the rate of photoinhibition repair at 5°C and the mean annual temperature of habitats, although we could not see this correlation with the control plants grown at 22°C. This result would indicate that the acclimation capacity of photoinhibition tolerance in cold conditions can affect the distribution of plants, especially in colder regions.
“China” and the Emergence of Religious Toleration in Enlightenment Philosophers, Part II: Voltaire's Project of Universal Toleration and the Legacy of Intercultural Self‐Critique
Authors: Hui Xianzhe , Wenning Mario 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis article explores the significance of engaging in intercultural reversals of perspectives by reconstructing Voltaire's reflections on the relationship between China and Europe. It highlights the ensuing ethics of universal religious tolerance in this civilizational comparison. Voltaire employed China as a heuristic model primarily to criticize the intolerance and fanaticism of French Catholics. He also used the methodology of intercultural reversals of perspectives to articulate his arguments for universal religious toleration. This paper's focus on the philosophical reception of China reveals the emergence of what we call “intercultural self‐critique” and an important conception of religious toleration during the European Enlightenment.
Dynamics of a Nonlocal Dispersal Population Model With Annually Synchronized Emergence of Adults
Authors: Li Zhenzhen , Dai Binxiang , Zou Xingfu 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis paper is devoted to studying the spatial dynamics of a nonlocal dispersal species model with annually synchronized emergence of adults. In the situation of a bounded domain, we show threshold dynamics of the adult population, and provide exact persistence criterion. In the situation of a spatially homogeneous unbounded domain, we obtain the existence and computation formula of spreading speeds, which coincide with the minimal wave speed for the traveling waves. The above results are obtained in both monotone and nonmonotone cases of maturation impulse function. Numerical simulations are carried out to demonstrate the theoretical results.
Computational Analysis of Linguistic Markers Reveals Group Identification Patterns During a Global Public Health Crisis
Authors: Ma Mac Zewei 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTUsing a computational social science approach integrating evolutionary psychology, social psychology, and intergroup relations, this research examined associations between disease threats and group identification across cultures by analyzing the relationship between COVID‐19 threats (actual and perceived) and first‐person plural versus singular pronoun usage—a linguistic marker of collective identity. Two studies analyzed epidemiological and Google Trends search data over 154 weeks: Study 1 established baseline patterns using U.S. data, while Study 2 investigated cross‐cultural variations globally. Through transfer function methodology to pre‐whiten time series data for cross‐correlation function analysis and random‐slope‐random‐intercept multilevel modeling, the research explored temporal dynamics of threat‐identification relationships. Results indicated that perceived COVID‐19 threat, measured through pandemic‐related search volumes, exhibited consistent correlations with increased first‐person plural pronoun usage across both studies. While COVID‐19 cases demonstrated non‐significant relationships globally but positive associations in the U.S., mortality rates showed negative correlations with first‐person plural pronoun usage globally, differing from U.S. patterns. Cultural collectivism emerged as a moderating factor in the global analysis, with individualistic cultures displaying stronger associations between perceived threat and collective linguistic markers. These findings contribute to our understanding of the relationship between collective threats and group identification processes across cultures while demonstrating the potential of computational linguistic analysis for monitoring real‐time collective responses to pandemics, offering insights relevant to preparedness strategies for future global challenges.
Understanding the effect of abortion attitudes on elections after Dobbs: Evidence from cross‐sectional and panel surveys in Texas
Authors: Ferguson Grant , Gimpel James , Owens Mark , Shaw Daron 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectiveWe investigate the nature of abortion opinion after the Dobbs decision's reversal of Roe v. Wade with attention to the evaluation of incumbents and vote preference.MethodWe relied on pre‐ and post‐election cross‐sectional and panel survey data from Texas. Texas is an important case because (1) the ruling placed abortion policy squarely on the shoulders of the states and (2) each state has different laws regarding abortion (including so‐called “trigger” laws restricting abortion after Roe was overturned).ResultsThe data suggest that state abortion policy context affects voter attitudes and that incumbent evaluations and the vote in Texas were largely insulated from an anti‐Dobbs backlash in 2022.ConclusionIt is unrealistic to assume that a unidimensional response occurred to the Dobbs decision. The response to subnational policy changes has reflected a similar shift in the intensity of policy views that was found nationally after the Roe decision. We develop a broader thematic approach to understand the nature of abortion opinion and its impact on the evaluation of incumbents and on vote preference in 2022.
Plasma exchange using peripheral arterial and venous access in the pediatric intensive care unit
Authors: Kaplan Eytan , Weissbach Avichai , Kadmon Gili , Nahum Elhanan , Stein Jerry 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectiveTherapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) is a vital therapeutic modality in pediatric intensive care units (PICU) for various indications. Traditionally, pediatric TPE is performed via a large bore, double lumen catheter, whose insertion necessitates deep sedation, and poses risk of hemorrhagic and thrombotic complications. Building on our previous success utilizing percutaneous radial artery catheters (ALs) for apheresis procedures, we present our experience with ALs for TPE procedures in the PICU.MethodsA retrospective cohort study, conducted in the PICU of a tertiary, university affiliated pediatric hospital, including all children aged 19 years and younger, who underwent TPE using an AL for vascular access, between 2018 and 2023. TPE procedures were evaluated for utility (the procedure was performed as planned) and safety.ResultsA total of 72 procedures were performed on 20 children, using ALs for inlet access and peripheral intra‐venous catheters for blood return. Procedure success rate was 94%, with AL malfunction causing transient delays in 6%. All were successfully completed following AL replacement. ALs were mostly 20 and 22 gauge, predominantly located in the radial artery. AL gauge did not significantly affect flow rate or procedure duration.ConclusionsOur findings support AL use for vascular access, as a viable alternative to the traditional large bore, double lumen catheters most often used for TPE in children. Benefits of AL use may include a decrease in sedation requirements and a lower risk of vascular complications. Further investigation is warranted, for consideration as routine practice in PICUs.
Corrigendum: Deformative magnetic marked length spectrum rigidity
Authors: Marshall Reber James 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWe describe a mistake in Corollary 3.2 as well as a mistake in Lemma 3.4 of Reber [Bull. London Math. Soc. 55 (2023), no. 6, 3077–3096], and give an alternative proof of the main result.