bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between sleep duration, sleep quality and hyperlipidemia in middle-aged and older Chinese: The Dongfeng–Tongji Cohort Study
Authors: Wang Dongming , Chen Jianghao , Zhou Yun , Ma Jixuan , Zhou Min , Xiao Lili , He Meian , Zhang Xiaomin , Guo Huan , Yuan Jing , Chen Weihong 
Published: April 2019

Aims This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between sleep duration, sleep quality and hyperlipidemia in middle-aged and older Chinese. Methods We included 20,712 individuals at baseline from September 2008 to June 2010, and they were followed-up until October 2013. Hyperlipidemia was defined according to the Chinese guidelines on the prevention and treatment of dyslipidemia in adults. Sleep duration was self-reported and sleep quality was evaluated with a questionnaire that was designed according to the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Logistic regression and Cox proportional hazard models were conducted to explore the associations. Results In the cross-sectional analyses, longer sleep duration (≥10 h) was significantly associated with higher prevalence of hyperlipidemia (odds ratio (OR) = 1.17, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.02–1.35) after adjusting for potential confounders. The ORs of hyperlipidemia were significantly elevated among participants with impaired sleep quality (OR = 1.14, 95% CI = 1.08–1.22) and poor sleep quality (OR = 1.20, 95% CI = 1.08–1.34) when compared to those with good sleep quality. In the longitudinal analyses, compared to participants with a sleep duration of 7–<8 h, those with a sleep duration of 9–<10 h (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.19, 95% CI = 1.04–1.35) and ≥10 h (HR = 1.27, 95% CI = 1.02–1.58) showed significantly higher risk of hyperlipidemia after adjusting for potential confounders. However, no statistically significant association was found between impaired or poor sleep quality and hyperlipidemia. Conclusions Longer sleep duration was significantly associated with higher risk of hyperlipidemia. Impaired or poor sleep quality were associated with elevated prevalence of hyperlipidemia, but not with the incidence of hyperlipidemia.
Impact of a cardiovascular disease risk screening result on preventive behaviour in asymptomatic participants of the ROBINSCA trial
Authors: Denissen Sabine JAM , van der Aalst Carlijn M , Vonder Marleen , Oudkerk Matthijs , de Koning Harry J 
Published: April 2019

Introduction A teachable moment for preventive behavioural change can occur when asymptomatic individuals receive their cardiovascular disease screening result. This study investigated prevention-seeking behaviour and compliance with preventive treatment of participants of the population-based Risk Or Benefit IN Screening for CArdiovascular disease (ROBINSCA) trial after receiving a screening result. Methods Asymptomatic Dutch individuals ( n = 43,447) were randomly assigned (1:1:1) to screening for cardiovascular disease by either traditional risk assessment (intervention arm A), or determining the amount of coronary artery calcification (intervention arm B), or to usual care (control arm). A random sample ( n = 600) of ROBINSCA participants with a screening result (arms A and B) received an online questionnaire (in 2017) to measure the impact of a cardiovascular disease screening result in low and increased (arm A: risk > 10%; arm B: Agatston ≥ 100) risk groups. Results Of all respondents (438/600; 73%) 63.5% were men and the mean age ( ± standard deviation) was 63.8 ± 6.9 years. Individuals with an increased coronary artery calcification score consulted their general practitioner more often compared to increased risk individuals from arm A: 140/149 (94%) and 86/137 (62.8%), respectively ( P < 0.001). Current use of blood pressure and cholesterol-lowering drugs was significantly higher in the increased coronary artery calcification score group (108/140; 77.1%), compared to the group with an increased traditional risk (35/80, 43.8%; P < 0.001). Self-reported compliance was high (98.1–100%). Conclusion Receiving the screening result might be a teachable moment that can enhance cardiovascular disease prevention-seeking behaviour through consulting a general practitioner and high compliance with preventive treatment. The impact of the screening result was more profound in the increased coronary artery calcification score group. Trial registration number: NTR6471
Stem cell therapy for stress urinary incontinence
Authors: Whiting D , Hamdoon M , Sriprasad S 
Published: April 2019

Stress urinary incontinence is the involuntary loss of urine on effort or physical exertion. It is a highly prevalent condition affecting both men and women. Treatment is performed in a step-wise approach involving conservative measures, such as weight loss and pelvic floor exercises, medical treatment with duloxetine and a variety of surgical treatment options. However, recent restrictions in the use of synthetic mesh and tape have limited the surgical treatment options, leading to the need for new and novel treatment for stress urinary incontinence. Stem cell therapy is a developing medical field and offers the potential to restore normal physiological function of the urethral sphincter. The effectiveness of stem cell therapy in stress urinary incontinence has been demonstrated in pre-clinical studies, leading to its evaluation in several clinical studies. This review assesses the current evidence for the safety and efficacy of stem cell treatment for patients with stress urinary incontinence who have failed conservative and/or medical management and have not undergone previous surgical treatment for stress urinary incontinence. Evidence Level: Not applicable
Metastatic neuroendocrine tumour mimicking endometriosis highlights the importance of excision for tissue diagnosis
Authors: Wong Shian-Li , To Valerie , Lam Justin , Lam Alan 
Published: April 2019

Introduction: Endometriosis is a common gynaecological condition, usually presenting with pelvic pain or infertility in women of reproductive age. Diagnosis is made on histopathology of deposits excised during laparoscopy, given diagnosis solely made by macroscopic examination can be challenging for even experienced gynaecological surgeons. Case description: A 45-year-old during laparoscopy for fibroids is found to have peritoneal deposits resembling endometriosis. Histopathology reveals multifocal metastatic grade 1 neuroendocrine tumour of the appendix. Conclusion: This incidental finding highlights the importance of thorough examination of the appendix and abdominal cavity for unexpected pathology during gynaecological laparoscopy. Incidental finding of appendiceal pathology at time of laparoscopy for endometriosis is not uncommon; however, the finding of metastatic malignancy is far rarer. While several case studies have reported severe endometriosis mimicking advanced stage cancer, this is the first documented occurrence of an advanced, metastatic tumour, mimicking endometriosis.
African isolates show a high proportion of multiple copies of the Plasmodium falciparum plasmepsin-2 gene, a piperaquine resistance marker
Authors: Leroy Didier , Macintyre Fiona , Adoke Yeka , Ouoba Serge , Barry Aissata , Mombo-Ngoma Ghyslain , Ndong Ngomo Jacques Mari , Varo Rosauro , Dossou Yannelle , Tshefu Antoinette Kitoto , Duong Tran Thanh , Phuc Bui Quang , Laurijssens Bart , Klopper Roland , Khim Nimol , Legrand Eric , Ménard Didier 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Background
Today, the development of new and well-tolerated anti-malarial drugs is strongly justified by the emergence of Plasmodium falciparum resistance. In 2014–2015, a phase 2b clinical study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of a single oral dose of Artefenomel (OZ439)–piperaquine (PPQ) in Asian and African patients presenting with uncomplicated falciparum malaria.

Methods
Blood samples collected before treatment offered the opportunity to investigate the proportion of multidrug resistant parasite genotypes, including P. falciparum kelch13 mutations and copy number variation of both P. falciparum plasmepsin 2 (Pfpm2) and P. falciparum multidrug resistance 1 (Pfmdr1) genes.

Results
Validated kelch13 resistance mutations including C580Y, I543T, P553L and V568G were only detected in parasites from Vietnamese patients. In Africa, isolates with multiple copies of the Pfmdr1 gene were shown to be more frequent than previously reported (21.1%, range from 12.4% in Burkina Faso to 27.4% in Uganda). More strikingly, high proportions of isolates with multiple copies of the Pfpm2 gene, associated with piperaquine (PPQ) resistance, were frequently observed in the African sites, especially in Burkina Faso and Uganda (> 30%).

Conclusions
These findings were considered to sharply contrast with the recent description of increased sensitivity to PPQ of Ugandan parasite isolates. This emphasizes the necessity to investigate in vitro susceptibility profiles to PPQ of African isolates with multiple copies of the Pfpm2 gene and estimate the risk of development of PPQ resistance in Africa.
Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov reference: NCT02083380. Study title: Phase II efficacy study of artefenomel and piperaquine in adults and children with P. falciparum malaria. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/results?cond=&term=NCT02083380&cntry=&state=&city=&dist=. FSFV: 23-Jul-2014; LSLV: 09-Oct-2015
A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled investigation of BCc1 nanomedicine effect on survival and quality of life in metastatic and non-metastatic gastric cancer patients
Authors: Hafizi Maryam , Kalanaky Somayeh , moaiery Hassan , Khayamzadeh Maryam , Noorian Sajad , Kaveh Vahid , Gharib Behrooz , Foudazi Hossein , Razavi Mohsen , Jenabian Arash , Salimi Saeid , Sereshki Mohammad Mahdi Adib , Mirzaei Hamid Reza , Zarghi Afshin , Fakharzadeh Saideh , Nazaran Mohammad Hassan , Akbari Mohammad Esmaeil 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Background
Currently, the main goal of cancer research is to increase longevity of patients suffering malignant cancers. The promising results of BCc1 in vitro and vivo experiments made us look into the effect of BCc1 nanomedicine on patients with cancer in a clinical trial.

Methods
The present investigation was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel, and multicenter study in which 123 patients (30-to-85-year-old men and women) with metastatic and non-metastatic gastric cancer, in two separate groups of BCc1 nanomedicine or placebo, were selected using a permuted block randomization method. For metastatic and non-metastatic patients, a daily dose of 3000 and 1500 mg was prescribed, respectively. Overall survival (OS) as the primary endpoint and quality of life (measured using QLQ-STO22) and adverse effects as the secondary endpoints were studied.

Results
In metastatic patients, the median OS was significantly higher in BCc1 nanomedicine (174 days [95% confidence interval (CI) 82.37–265.62]) than in placebo (62 days [95% CI 0–153.42]); hazard ratio (HR): 0.5 [95% CI 0.25–0.98; p = 0.046]. In non-metastatic patients, the median OS was significantly higher in BCc1 nanomedicine (529 days [95% CI 393.245–664.75]) than in placebo (345 days [95% CI 134.85–555.14]); HR: 0.324 [95% CI 0.97–1.07; p = 0.066]. The QLQ-STO22 assessment showed a mean difference improvement of 3.25 and 2.29 (p value > 0.05) in BCc1 nanomedicine and a mean difference deterioration of − 4.42 and − 3 (p-value < 0.05) in placebo with metastatic and non-metastatic patients, respectively. No adverse effects were observed.

Conclusion
The findings of this trial has provided evidence for the potential capacity of BCc1 nanomedicine for treatment of cancer.
Trial registration IRCTID, IRCT2017101935423N1. Registered on 19 October 2017, http://www.irct.ir/ IRCT2017101935423N1
The association of late-life depression with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among community-dwelling older adults: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wei Jingkai , Hou Ruixue , Zhang Xiaotao , Xu Huiwen , Xie Liyang , Chandrasekar Eeshwar K. , Ying Meiling , Goodman Michael 
Published: April 2019

BackgroundLate-life depression has become an important public health problem. Available evidence suggests that late-life depression is associated with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among older adults living in the community, although the associations have not been comprehensively reviewed and quantified.AimTo estimate the pooled association of late-life depression with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among community-dwelling older adults.MethodWe conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies that examine the associations of late-life depression with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in community settings.ResultsA total of 61 prospective cohort studies from 53 cohorts with 198 589 participants were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. A total of 49 cohorts reported all-cause mortality and 15 cohorts reported cardiovascular mortality. Late-life depression was associated with increased risk of all-cause (risk ratio 1.34; 95% CI 1.27, 1.42) and cardiovascular mortality (risk ratio 1.31; 95% CI 1.20, 1.43). There was heterogeneity in results across studies and the magnitude of associations differed by age, gender, study location, follow-up duration and methods used to assess depression. The associations existed in different subgroups by age, gender, regions of studies, follow-up periods and assessment methods of late-life depression.ConclusionLate-life depression is associated with higher risk of both all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among community-dwelling elderly people. Future studies need to test the effectiveness of preventing depression among older adults as a way of reducing mortality in this population. Optimal treatment of late-life depression and its impact on mortality require further investigation.Declaration of interestNone.
Effectiveness of Mass and Small Media Campaigns to Improve Cancer Awareness and Screening Rates in Asia: A Systematic Review
Authors: Schliemann Désirée , Su Tin Tin , Paramasivam Darishiani , Treanor Charlene , Dahlui Maznah , Loh Siew Yim , Donnelly Michael 
Published: April 2019

PURPOSE The main objective of this systematic review was to identify whether mass and small media interventions improve knowledge and attitudes about cancer, cancer screening rates, and early detection of cancer in Asia. METHODS The review was conducted according to a predefined protocol. Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar were searched in September 2017, and data extraction and rating of methodologic study quality (according to Joanna Briggs Institute rating procedures) were performed independently by reviewers. RESULTS Twenty-two studies (reported across 24 papers) met the inclusion criteria. Most studies (n = 21) were conducted in high or upper-middle income countries; targeted breast (n = 11), cervical (n = 7), colorectal (n = 3), or oral (n = 2) cancer; and used small media either alone (n = 15) or in combination with mass media and other components (n = 5). Studies regarding cancer screening uptake were of medium to high quality and mainly reported positive outcomes for cervical cancer and mixed results for breast and colorectal cancer. The methodologic strength of research that investigated change in cancer-related knowledge and the cost effectiveness of interventions, respectively, were weak and inconclusive. CONCLUSION Evidence indicated that small media campaigns seemed to be effective in terms of increasing screening uptake in Asia, in particular cervical cancer screening. Because of the limited number of studies in Asia, it was not possible to be certain about the effectiveness of mass media in improving screening uptake and the effectiveness of campaigns in improving cancer-related knowledge.
Microenvironmental stimuli induce different macrophage polarizations in experimental models of emphysema
Authors: Kohler Júlia Benini , Cervilha Daniela Aparecida de Brito , Riani Moreira Alyne , Santana Fernanda Roncon , Farias Talita M. , Alonso Vale Maria Isabel Cardoso , Martins Milton de Arruda , Prado Carla Máximo , Tibério Iolanda Calvo , Ito Juliana Tiyaki , Lopes Fernanda Degobbi Tenorio Quirino dos Santos 
Published: April 2019

Background: Macrophages play a pivotal role in the development of emphysema and depending on the microenvironment stimuli can be polarized into M1- or M2-like macrophage phenotypes.
Aim: To compare macrophage polarizations in cigarette smoke (CS)- and porcine pancreatic elastase (PPE)-induced emphysema models. C57BL/6 mice were subdivided into four experimental groups. In the PPE group, animals received an intranasal instillation of PPE (0.677 IU); in the Saline group, animals received an intranasal instillation of Saline (0.9%). Animals from both groups were euthanized on the 28th day. In the CS group, animals were exposed to CS for 30 minutes, twice a day, 5 days per week for 12 weeks. In the Control group, animals received filtered air.
Results: We observed an increase in total macrophages for both experimental models. For M1-like macrophage markers, we observed an increase in TNF-α+ and IFN-γ+ cells, Cxcl-9 and Cxcl-10 expressions in PPE and CS groups. Only for CS group, we detected an increased expression of IL-12b. For M2-like macrophages markers, we observed a down regulation for IL-10, IL-4, IL-13, Arg1 and Fizz1 and an increase of TGF-β+ cells for PPE group while for CS group there was an increase in TGF-β+ cells and IL-10 expression. All exposure groups were compared to their respective controls.
Conclusions: In summary, we demonstrated that CS- and PPE-induced models resulted in different microenvironmental stimuli. CS exposure induced an environmental stimulus related to M1- and M2-like macrophage phenotypes similar to previous results described in COPD patients, whereas the elastase-induced model provided an environmental stimulus related only to the M1 phenotype.
Beneficial effects of exercise on gut microbiota functionality and barrier integrity, and gut-liver crosstalk in an in vivo model of early obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Carbajo-Pescador Sara , Porras David , García-Mediavilla María Victoria , Martínez-Flórez Susana , Juarez-Fernández María , Cuevas María José , Mauriz José Luis , González-Gallego Javier , Nistal Esther , Sánchez-Campos Sonia 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACT
Childhood obesity has reached epidemic levels, representing one of the most serious public health concerns associated with metabolic syndrome and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). There is limited clinical experience concerning pediatric NAFLD patients, and thus the therapeutic options are scarce. The aim of this study was to evaluate the benefits of exercise on gut microbiota composition and functionality balance, and consequent effects on early obesity and NAFLD onset in an in vivo model. Juvenile (21-day-old) male Wistar rats fed a control diet or a high-fat diet (HFD) were subjected to a combined aerobic and resistance training protocol. Fecal microbiota was sequenced by an Illumina MiSeq system, and parameters related to metabolic syndrome, fecal metabolome, intestinal barrier integrity, bile acid metabolism and transport, and alteration of the gut-liver axis were measured. Exercise decreased HFD-induced body weight gain, metabolic syndrome and hepatic steatosis, as a result of its lipid metabolism modulatory capacity. Gut microbiota composition and functionality were substantially modified as a consequence of diet, age and exercise intervention. In addition, the training protocol increased Parabacteroides, Bacteroides and Flavobacterium genera, correlating with a beneficial metabolomic profile, whereas Blautia, Dysgonomonas and Porphyromonas showed an opposite pattern. Exercise effectively counteracted HFD-induced microbial imbalance, leading to intestinal barrier preservation, which, in turn, prevented deregulation of the gut-liver axis and improved bile acid homeostasis, determining the clinical outcomes of NAFLD. In conclusion, we provide scientific evidence highlighting the benefits of gut microbiota composition and functionality modulation by physical exercise protocols in the management of early obesity and NAFLD development.
Late Antique and Early Byzantine Era Inscriptions at Assos
Authors: Özhan Tolga 
Published: April 2019

In this paper, eleven new inscriptions are presented, which were found between 1981 and 2017 at Assos in the southern Troad, Asia Minor. Funerary inscriptions that can be dated to the Late Antique and Byzantine periods constitute the majority of the inscriptions found during the period defined above. The first inscription, carved on a lintel, is an acclamation of the Lord/ Emmanouel. The personal name Chrysogonos in the second inscription may have been the name of a stonecutter who worked in the quarry. The third inscription is the epitaph of the gravediggers of the Orthodox “Great Church”. By the phrase “Great Church” (μεγάλη ἐκκλησία), a cathedral must have been intended, located inside the city or its immediate surroundings. The fourth inscription presented here is the sarcophagus inscription of the heirs of an individual called Daniel. The fifthis the sarcophagus inscription of Theoktistos. The inscriptions nos. 6-10 from the oor of Ayazma Church include several sarcophagus inscriptions: No. 6 is of Bas(s)os, no. 7 is of Eutychianos, and no. 8 is of Onesimos, whose father’s name is uncertain due to a crack and damage on the surface of the stone. No. 9 is the sarcophagus of presbyter Anastasios, and no. 10 is the sarcophagus of Eugenios. The eleventh inscription is a fragmentary sarcophagus inscription.
Evaluation of retention of knowledge, skill and competency of health workers one year after completion of the Helping Babies Breathe training program in South Sudan
Authors: Vunni Draiko Christopher , Yamarat Khemika , Panza Alessio , Draleru Judith 
Published: April 2019

Introduction: The aim of the study is to evaluate the long-term retention of knowledge, skill and competency of health workers who completed Helping Babies Breathe (HBB) training and effect on newborn mortality. Methods: The study employed pre-post-interventions study and participants were selected based on their previous training on HBB protocols. Health workers were assessed for knowledge, skill and competency pre, post training in March, and 3 months in June 2017 and 1-year post implementation in September 2018. Health workers were scored on knowledge, skill and competency. The mean score was obtained and repeated ANOVA, chi-squared test and Pearson’s test was used to compare pre- and post-intervention and one-year implementation. Retention of health worker’s knowledge, skill and competency was assessed using the HBB questionnaires, checklist, practical skill and drills, and were scored on knowledge, skill and competency. The scores were computed into percentages, mean scores and mean differences, and compared against scores at 3 months and 1 year. Impact on management of newborn asphyxia was conducted using a review of delivery registry at maternity and children ward scores were group into percentages, averages means, computed using the Chi-square test. Results: Helping Babies Breathe has shown a significant increase in knowledge, skill and competency post-test and three months. Despite the improvement in knowledge, skills and competency of the health within the three months of training, there was marked decline over 1-year period. Conclusions: Immediate evaluation of the health workers after Helping Babies Breathe training resulted into significant increase in knowledge, skills and competency in neonatal resuscitation although this declined over period of one year. The training also resulted into decrease in neonatal mortality.