bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Discovery and multi-analytical study of the last missing quarter from René Magritte’s La pose enchantée
Authors: Defeyt Catherine , Herens Elodie , Leen Frederik , Vandepitte Francisca , Strivay David 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
The last missing quarter of La pose enchantée, a 1927 Magritte’s oil painting disappeared in 1932, has been finally found beneath Dieu n’est pas un saint, picture painted by the Belgian surrealist between 1935 and 1936, conserved at the Brussels Magritte Museum (Royal Museums of Fine Arts of Belgium) (inv. 11681). The in-depth study conducted on Dieu n’est pas un saint by means of non-invasive and complementary imaging and analytical techniques has allowed formulating substantiated conclusions regarding this double painting. On the one hand, the routine imaging methods, including XRR, IRR and digital microscopy, have delivered a comprehensive outcome regarding the transformation process of the right top part of La pose enchantée into the current composition. On the other hand, the pigments used for both the visible and the hidden composition have been characterized through the MA-XRF analysis of the whole picture and punctual Raman measurements. Additionally, the present paper proposes a virtual colorization of La pose enchantée, which has been build on the basis of the overall material evidences collected about the right top part lying beneath Dieu n’est pas un saint.
Neoadjuvant oxaliplatin and capecitabine combined with bevacizumab plus radiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer: results of a single‐institute phase II study
Authors: Yu Xin , Wang Qiao‐xuan , Xiao Wei‐wei , Chang Hui , Zeng Zhi‐fan , Lu Zhen‐hai , Wu Xiao‐jun , Chen Gong , Pan Zhi‐zhong , Wan De‐sen , Ding Pei‐rong , Gao Yuan‐hong 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBackgroundNeoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery is recommended as the standard of care for locally advanced rectal cancer, reducing local recurrence but not distant metastasis. Intensified systemic therapy is warranted to reduce the risk of distant metastasis. The present study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of neoadjuvant oxaliplatin and capecitabine (XELOX) combined with bevacizumab plus radiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer.MethodsPatients with stages II to III rectal cancer received one cycle of induction chemotherapy and concurrent chemoradiotherapy with XELOX plus bevacizumab. Surgery was performed 6–8 weeks after completion of radiotherapy, and postoperative chemotherapy with three cycles of XELOX and two cycles of capecitabine were given. The primary endpoints were pathologic complete response (pCR) rate and safety, and the secondary endpoints were 3‐year overall survival and progression‐free survival.ResultsForty‐five patients were enrolled between February 2013 and April 2015. All completed the neoadjuvant therapy. Seven patients (15.6%) refused subsequent surgical therapy for personal reasons, and the other 38 patients received radical resection, with a sphincter preservation rate of 84.2% and a pCR rate of 39.5%. Toxicity was acceptable, with grades 3–4 hematological toxicity and diarrhea observed in six and two patients, respectively. Incidence of anastomotic leak that required surgical intervention was 13.3%. After a median follow‐up period of 37 months, five patients developed disease progression and two died of cancer. The 3‐year overall survival rate and 3‐year progression‐free survival rate were 95.3% and 88.6%, respectively.ConclusionsThe addition of bevacizumab to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy resulted in a satisfying pCR rate and 3‐year survival, but also may increase the risk of anastomotic leak, thus this regimen is not suitable to be considered for regular recommendation for locally advanced rectal cancer.Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov identifierNCT01818973
Long‐ versus short‐interval follow‐up after resection of hepatocellular carcinoma: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: He Wei , Zheng Yun , Zou Ruhai , Shen Jingxian , Yang Junping , Qiu Jiliang , Tao Qiang , Liu Wenwu , Yang Zhiwen , Zhang Yuanping , Li Binkui , Yuan Yunfei 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBackgroundAverage postoperative follow‐up intervals vary in patients undergoing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) resection because of limited evidence regarding the optimal interval. We aimed to compare the associations of long‐versus short‐interval follow‐up with survival and recurrence in risk‐stratified HCC patients.MethodsWe performed a retrospective cohort study between 2007 and 2014. In total, 1227 patients treated by curative resection of Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage A or B HCC were stratified as having a low (n = 865) or high (n = 362) risk of early recurrence (within the first 2 years after resection) based on prognostic factors identified by the least absolute shrinkage and selection operation algorithm. Patients were further classified into long‐interval (every 4–6 months) and short‐interval (every 2–4 months) follow‐up subgroups based on follow‐up within 2 years after resection (low risk, long vs. short: n = 390 vs. n = 475; high‐risk, long vs. short: n = 149 vs. n = 213).ResultsThe short‐interval follow‐up did not prolong overall survival in either the low‐risk (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.152; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.720–1.843) or high‐risk (HR = 1.213; 95% CI 0.702–2.094) patients. Early recurrence occurred in 401 patients. For high‐risk patients, the short‐interval follow‐up subgroup exhibited smaller intrahepatic recurrence than did the long‐interval group (2.6 vs. 3.5 cm, respectively, P = 0.045). However, no significant difference in the rate of Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage 0/A recurrence was found between the long‐ and short‐interval follow‐up groups in either low‐ or high‐risk patients (63.1% vs. 68.2%, respectively, P = 0.580; 31.3% vs. 41.5%, respectively, P = 0.280). The rate of curative intent treatment for recurrence (34.5% vs. 39.7%, respectively, P = 0.430; 14.6% vs. 20.3%, respectively, P = 0.388) was also similar between the follow‐up groups for low‐ and high‐risk patients.ConclusionsShortening the postoperative follow‐up interval from every 4–6 months to every 2–4 months within the first 2 years after resection did not increase the rate of curative intent treatment or prolong the overall survival of patients with Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage A or B HCC.
Elucidating the Role of the Maternal Embryonic Leucine Zipper Kinase in Adrenocortical Carcinoma
Authors: Kiseljak-Vassiliades Katja , Zhang Yu , Kar Adwitiya , Razzaghi Raud , Xu Mei , Gowan Katherine , Raeburn Christopher D , Albuja-Cruz Maria , Jones Kenneth L , Somerset Hilary , Fishbein Lauren , Leong Stephen , Wierman Margaret E 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is an aggressive cancer with a 5-year survival rate <35%. Mortality remains high due to lack of targeted therapies. Using bioinformatic analyses, we identified maternal embryonic leucine zipper kinase (MELK) as 4.1-fold overexpressed in ACC compared with normal adrenal samples. High MELK expression in human tumors correlated with shorter survival and with increased expression of genes involved in cell division and growth. We investigated the functional effects of MELK inhibition using newly developed ACC cell lines with variable MELK expression, CU-ACC1 and CU-ACC2, compared with H295R cells. In vitro treatment with the MELK inhibitor, OTSSP167, resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in rates of cell proliferation, colony formation, and cell survival, with relative sensitivity of each ACC cell line based upon the level of MELK overexpression. To confirm a MELK-specific antitumorigenic effect, MELK was inhibited in H295R cells via multiple short hairpin RNAs. MELK silencing resulted in 1.9-fold decrease in proliferation, and 3- to 10-fold decrease in colony formation in soft agar and clonogenicity assays, respectively. In addition, although MELK silencing had no effect on survival in normoxia, exposure to a hypoxia resulted in a sixfold and eightfold increase in apoptosis as assessed by caspase-3 activation and TUNEL, respectively. Together these data suggest that MELK is a modulator of tumor cell growth and survival in a hypoxic microenvironment in adrenal cancer cells and support future investigation of its role as a therapeutic kinase target in patients with ACC.
Antimicrobial peptide LL-37 and recombinant human mannose-binding lectin express distinct age- and pathogen-specific antimicrobial activity in human newborn cord blood in vitro
Authors: Scheid Annette , Li Ning , Jeffers Carleen , Borriello Francesco , Joshi Sweta , Ozonoff Al , Pettengill Matthew , Levy Ofer 
Published: May 2018

Background:There is a need to prevent and treat infection in newborns. One approach is administration of antimicrobial proteins and peptides (APPs) such as LL-37, a membrane-active cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide, and mannose-binding lectin (MBL), a pattern-recognition protein that binds to microbial surface polysaccharides resulting in opsonization and complement activation. Low plasma/serum levels of LL-37 and of MBL have been correlated with infection and exogenous administration of these agents may enhance host defense.Methods:The antimicrobial activity of LL-37 (15 µg/ml) or rMBL (0.5, 2 and 10 µg/ml) was tested in hirudin-anticoagulated preterm and term human cord blood (N = 12–14) againstStaphylococcus aureus(SA) USA 300 (2x104CFU/ml),Staphylococcus epidermis(SE) 1457 (2x104CFU/ml) andCandida albicans(CA) SC5314 (1x104CFU/ml). After incubation (1, 45, or 180 min), CFUs were enumerated by plating blood onto agar plates. Supernatants were collected for measurement of MBL via ELISA.Results:Preterm cord blood demonstrated impaired endogenous killing capacity against SA and SE compared to term blood. Addition of LL-37 strongly enhanced antimicrobial/antifungal activity vs SA, SE and CA in term blood and SE and CA in preterm blood. By contrast, rMBL showed modest fungistatic activity vs CA in a sub-analysis of term newborns with high basal MBL levels. Baseline MBL levels varied within preterm and term cohorts with no correlation to gestational age. In summary, exogenous LL-37 demonstrated significant antimicrobial activity against SA, SE and CA in term and SE and CA in preterm human blood testedin vitro. rMBL demonstrated modest antifungal activity in term cord blood of individuals with high baseline MBL levels.Conclusions:To the extent that ourin vitroresults predict the effects of APPsin vivo, development of APPs for prevention and treatment of infection should take into account host age as well as the target pathogen.
Managing Channel Profits When Retailers Have Profitable Outside Options
Authors: Inderst Roman , Shaffer Greg 
Published: May 2018

The channel-coordination literature typically focuses on how a supplier can overcome channel inefficiencies stemming from misaligned pricing incentives. In contrast, we show that when an incumbent supplier faces competition from other suppliers to supply the downstream firms, it may want to create inefficiencies. Our analysis offers useful prescriptions for how incumbent suppliers should react to competitive threats by smaller competitors, how manufacturers should react to powerful retailers who can produce their own private-label brands, and how upstream firms should optimally treat downstream firms who may have different marginal costs of distribution. Our analysis also explains why wholesale prices and thus final-goods prices would be expected to decrease when there is an increase in upstream or downstream competition. This paper was accepted by J. Miguel Villas-Boas, marketing.
Complications in managing tooth wear; exploring a potential pitfall of using the dahl approach – a case study
Authors: Coulter Jamie , McCracken Giles 
Published: May 2018

Abstract: Tooth wear (tooth surface loss) is an ever increasing problem which can be challenging to prevent, restore and maintain. These cases frequently have reduced inter-occlusal space and are often managed by re-organizing the occlusion or using techniques such as the Dahl approach. This approach is not without difficulties and can be particularly challenging in cases of Class II skeletal classifications. This report discusses tooth wear in a single case which initially planned the use of a Dahl approach but which was adapted following review due to distalization of the mandible, and so highlights a potential issue with this approach. CPD/Clinical Relevance: With the increasing incidence of tooth wear it is important that general dental practitioners can assess, manage and restore worn dentitions in a safe and controlled manner.
Cone beam computed tomography: an update for general dental practitioners
Authors: Smith-Jack Freya , Davies Rebecca 
Published: May 2018

Abstract: As medical imaging becomes more advanced, Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) is increasingly used in general dental practice to aid diagnosis and treatment planning. Uses are varied and range from implant planning, endodontic treatment planning, to facial reconstruction. This article aims to give an overview of the legislation, scanner types, advantages and pitfalls of CBCT imaging. CPD/Clinical Relevance: Cone beam CT imaging is becoming a widely used tool for imaging the dentition and facial bones. Justification and optimization of this imaging technique requires knowledge of the radiography of CBCT imaging, and the pros and cons of this technique.
Oral and dental management for people with multiple myeloma: clinical guidance for dental care providers
Authors: Abed Hassan , Burke Mary , Nizarali Najla 
Published: May 2018

Abstract: Multiple myeloma (MM) is defined as cancer of the plasma cells that is characterized by the production of abnormal immunoglobulin. It most commonly presents in people over 65 years of age, with a higher prevalence in men. People with MM can present with bone pain, renal failure, anaemia, thrombocytopenia and neutropenia, which can arise from the condition itself or from its treatment. A large proportion will be treated with intravenous bisphosphonates, therefore putting them at an increased risk of developing medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ). This paper aims to provide guidance on the oral and dental management of people with multiple myeloma. CPD/Clinical Relevance: To provide an update to dental care providers on the oral and dental management of people with multiple myeloma and provide a guide on what factors to consider when deciding on the most appropriate setting for the provision of their dental care.
New advances in intra-operative imaging in trauma
Authors: Richter Peter H. , Gebhard Florian , Eickhoff Alexander , Schütze Konrad 
Published: May 2018

The invention of flat-panel detectors led to a revolution in medical imaging. The major benefits of this technology are a higher image quality and dose reduction. Flat-panel detectors have proved to be superior to standard C-arms (= C-arm with radiograph source and image intensifier). Cone-beam computed tomography (cone-beam CT) is a 3D data set, which can be acquired with a flat-panel detector. The cone-shaped beam is used for 3D data generation. For cone-beam CT acquisition, the flat-panel detector rotates around the patient lying on the operating table. Intra-operative cone-beam CT can be a very helpful tool in orthopaedic surgery. Immediate control of fracture reduction and implant positioning in high image quality can reduce the need for secondary revision surgery due to implant malposition. In recent years there has been a revival of standard fan beam CT technology in operating rooms. Fixed and mobile systems are available. Fixed systems are typically placed on a sliding gantry. Different mobile intra-operative CT scanners were recently introduced. Due to their mobility, they are not bound to a specific operating room. The use of standard intra-operative CT scanners results in high 3D image quality but, in comparison with a cone-beam CT scanner, fluoroscopy is not possible. The introduction of flat-panel detectors has led to improvements in intra-operative image quality combined with dose reduction. The possibility of high-quality 3D imaging in combination with navigation can assure optimal implant placement. Due to immediate control of the osteosynthesis, revision surgery at a later time can be prevented.Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2018;3 DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.3.170055
Head size in primary total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Tsikandylakis Georgios , Mohaddes Maziar , Cnudde Peter , Eskelinen Antti , Kärrholm Johan , Rolfson Ola 
Published: May 2018

The use of larger femoral head size in total hip arthroplasty (THA) has increased during the past decade; 32 mm and 36 mm are the most commonly used femoral head sizes, as reported by several arthroplasty registries. The use of large femoral heads seems to be a trade-off between increased stability and decreased THA survivorship. We reviewed the literature, mainly focussing on the past 5 years, identifying benefits and complications associated with the trend of using larger femoral heads in THA. We found that there is no benefit in hip range of movement or hip function when head sizes > 36 mm are used. The risk of revision due to dislocation is lower for 36 mm or larger bearings compared with 28 mm or smaller and probably even with 32 mm. Volumetric wear and frictional torque are increased in bearings bigger than 32 mm compared with 32 mm or smaller in metal-on-cross-linked polyethylene (MoXLPE) THA, but not in ceramic-on-XLPE (CoXLPE). Long-term THA survivorship is improved for 32 mm MoXLPE bearings compared with both larger and smaller ones. We recommend a 32 mm femoral head if MoXLPE bearings are used. In hips operated on with larger bearings the use of ceramic heads on XLPE appears to be safer. Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2018;3 DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.3.170061.
Weight-bearing cone beam CT scans in the foot and ankle
Authors: Lintz François , Cesar Netto Cesar de , Barg Alexeij , Burssens Arne , Richter Martinus , Weight Bearing CT International Study Group  
Published: May 2018

The 3D anatomical complexity of the foot and ankle and the importance of weight-bearing in diagnosis have required the combination of conventional radiographs and medical CT. Conventional plain radiographs (XR) have demonstrated substantial limitations such as perspective, rotational and fan distortion, as well as poor reproducibility of radiographic installations. Conventional CT produces high levels of radiation exposure and does not offer weight-bearing capabilities. The literature investigating biometrics based on 2D XR has inherent limitations due to the technology itself and thereby can focus only on whether measurements are reproducible, when the real question is whether the radiographs are. Low dose weight-bearing cone beam CT (WBCT) combines 3D and weight-bearing as well as ‘built in’ reliability validated through industry-standardized processes during production and clinical use (quality assurance testing). Research is accumulating to validate measurements based on traditional 2D techniques, and new 3D biometrics are being described and tested. Time- and cost-efficient use in medical imaging will require the use of automatic measurements. Merging WBCT and clinical data will offer new perspectives in terms of research with the help of modern data analysis techniques. Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2018;3 DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.3.170066
Modern treatment of meniscal tears
Authors: Doral Mahmut Nedim , Bilge Onur , Huri Gazi , Turhan Egemen , Verdonk René 
Published: May 2018

The complex ultrastructure of the meniscus determines its vital functions for the knee, the lower extremity, and the body. The most recent concise, reliable, and valid classification system for meniscal tears is the International Society of Arthroscopy, Knee Surgery and Orthopaedic Sports Medicine (ISAKOS) Classification, which takes into account the subsequent parameters: tear depth, tear pattern, tear length, tear location/rim width, radial location, location according to the popliteal hiatus, and quality of the meniscal tissue. It is the orthopaedic surgeon’s responsibility to combine clinical information, radiological images, and clinical experience in an effort to individualize management of meniscal tears, taking into account factors related to the patient and lesion. Surgeons should strive not to operate in most cases, but to protect, repair or reconstruct, in order to prevent early development of osteoarthritis by restoring the native structure, function, and biomechanics of the meniscus. Currently, there are three main methods of modern surgical management of meniscus tears: arthroscopic partial meniscectomy; meniscal repair with or without augmentation techniques; and meniscal reconstruction. Meniscus surgery has come a long way from the old slogan, “If it is torn, take it out!” to the currently accepted slogan, “Save the meniscus!” which has guided evolving modern treatment methods for meniscal tears. This last slogan will probably constitute the basis for newer alternative biological treatment methods in the future. Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2018;3 DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.3.170067.
Bearing surfaces in primary total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Zagra Luigi , Gallazzi Enrico 
Published: May 2018

Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is widely considered one of the most successful surgical procedures in orthopaedics. It is associated with high satisfaction rates and significant improvements in quality of life following surgery. On the other hand, the main cause of late revision is osteolysis and wear, often a result of failure of bearing surfaces. Currently, several options are available to the surgeon when choosing the bearing surface in THA (ceramic-on-ceramic (CoC), ceramic-on-polyethylene (CoPE), metal-on-polyethylene (MoPE)), each with advantages and drawbacks. Very few studies have directly compared the various combinations of bearings at long-term follow-up. Randomized controlled trials show similar short- to mid-term survivorship among the best performing bearing surfaces (CoC, CoXLPE and MoXLPE). Selection of the bearing surface is often ‘experience-based’ rather than ‘evidence-based’. The aim of this paper is therefore to evaluate the main advantages and drawbacks of various types of tribology in THA, while providing practical suggestions for the surgeon on the most suitable bearing surface option for each patient. Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2018;3 DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.3.180300.
Living Without Restraint: One Parent's Reflections and Recommendations for Supporting At-Risk Individuals With Developmental Disabilities
Authors: Beaudoin Wilfred , Moore Adam 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
In the past several years, there has been an important movement to reduce the utilization of restraint for individuals with developmental disabilities. Legislatures, local and national, are taking on the task of shaping the way that our culture supports people who, up until now, have been often treated in a punitive manner rather than truly supportive in a therapeutic way. Schools and systems of care struggle to identify strategies that offer more positive outcomes to all individuals, even those with challenging behaviors. This article represents the thoughts and recommendations of one parent who has lived with the damage done by restraint to his son. The recommendations are intended to speak to administrators, schools, and caregivers. The intent is not to assign blame, but rather to reflect on our experiences and share some strategies that have worked for us. Although much of what is recommended may not be new, the hope is that this article might provide a fresh way to understand some of the factors that contribute to the use of restraint, in addition to providing some suggestions to proactively address those factors.