bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Political knowledge at work: Conceptualization, measurement, and applications to follower proactivity
Authors: Granger Steve , Neville Lukas , Turner Nick 
Published: September 2019

In this paper, we conceptualize and integrate a measure of political knowledge into the broader literatures on political behaviour, proactivity, and followership. Political knowledge refers to an individual's perceived understanding of the relationships, demands, resources, and preferences of an influential target, such as their leader. We examine political knowledge in the follower–leader context with two studies of employees (Ns = 301 & 492) and two studies of follower–leader pairs (Ns = 187 & 130 dyads). Findings generally support the convergent and discriminant validity of our political knowledge measure. In addition, we find consistent evidence for the mediating role of political knowledge of one's leader in the relationship between follower political skill and political will with self‐reported follower proactive behaviours. Taken together, the results contribute to the political influence framework and offer insight into the importance of ‘knowing your leader’ in enabling followers to engage in politically risky proactivity.Practitioner points

Political knowledge describes an individual's understanding of specific influential others’ relationships, demands, resources, and preferences.

Followers with political knowledge are more likely to take charge and enact change, which we think is because this knowledge makes enacting change seem less risky.

Leaders seeking to improve their followers’ political knowledge should focus on building high‐quality relationships with followers; these relationships are positively associated with political knowledge.
RESERVOIR QUALITY EVOLUTION OF UPPER CARBONIFEROUS (WESTPHALIAN) TIGHT GAS SANDSTONES, LOWER SAXONY BASIN, NW GERMANY
Authors: Becker I. , Busch B. , Koehrer B. , Adelmann D. , Hilgers C. 
Published: September 2019

This paper investigates reservoir quality development in tight Upper Carboniferous fluvial sandstones (Westphalian C/D) in the Lower Saxony Basin, NW Germany. The study integrates data from three outcrops (Piesberg, Woitzel and Hüggel) in the south of the basin with that from two wells (Wells A and B) located at gas fields approximately 50 km to the north. Petrographic and petrophysical data are related to the diagenetic evolution of the sandstones and the burial and structural history of the Lower Saxony Basin. The outcrop and subsurface data sets are compared in order to investigate the factors controlling reservoir quality evolution.Upper Carboniferous fluvial sandstones from the Woitzel and Hüggel outcrops and from Wells A and B have similar matrix permeabilities (0.01 to 10 mD), but matrix porosities vary between Well A (average 6%), Well B (average 10%), Woitzel (average 15%), and Hüggel (average 19%). Permeability reduction during burial is related to the formation of clay mineral cement, which was mainly controlled by variations in both the palaeo‐climate and in the sandstones’ depositional composition. Matrix porosity was controlled by local differences in burial history related to basin inversion tectonics. The greater amount of inversion‐related uplift at Well B (about 2.8 km) resulted in lower thermal exposure of the Westphalian sandstones at this location, which thus show higher matrix porosities than the sandstones at Well A which were uplifted by only about 1.2 km. Further increases in porosity in the outcrop sandstones may be related to the dissolution of carbonate cement during late‐stage uplift in near‐surface conditions.Upper Carboniferous fluvial sandstones from the Piesberg quarry show the poorest reservoir characteristics compared to the samples from the subsurface and the other outcrops, with matrix porosities averaging 6% and permeabilities <0.01 mD. Reservoir quality reduction was controlled by thermal anomalies associated with a large fault at the Piesberg quarry. By contrast, a few outliers in the sample data sets from Well B and the Piesberg quarry, which have permeabilities of more than 100 mD, show that faulting or natural fracturing may enhance reservoir quality within a particular area. Faults/fractures may act as potential migration pathways for leaching fluids, or may provide fracture‐permeability systems with production potential.Depositional setting, burial‐related diagenetic processes and structural characteristics in the Lower Saxony Basin need to be carefully evaluated in order to provide an improved understanding of the reservoir quality of the Upper Carboniferous sandstones.
MONITORING GAS DISTRIBUTION AND ORIGIN IN THE CULZEAN FIELD, UK CENTRAL NORTH SEA, USING DATA FROM A CONTINUOUS ISOTOPE LOGGING TOOL AND ISOTUBE AND TEST SAMPLES
Authors: Petersen H. I. , Hillock P. , Milner S. , Pendlebury M. , Scarlett D. 
Published: September 2019

The high pressure – high temperature Culzean field, UK Central North Sea, contains lean gas condensate in the Triassic Joanne sandstones and the Middle Jurassic Pentland sandstones. A comprehensive gas analysis programme was installed as an integrated part of field development in order to monitor gas composition, distribution and origin in the reservoirs and overburden pre‐ production start‐up. Isotube OUT and isotube IN gas samples were collected. The isotube IN data show that some gas is recycled, including alkenes representing contamination from the degradation of mud additives; but concentrations are minor, and do not seem to affect the isotope values derived from the C2 and C3 isotube OUT gases significantly. 13C‐enriched methane derived from drill‐bit metamorphism is recorded in the isotube IN gas, but likewise in low concentrations. Gas data were also acquired from a Continuous Isotope Logging Tool (CILT) which measures real‐time gas concentrations and isotope values of C1–C3 each foot through the entire drilled section. The CILT thus provides a continuous trend of methane isotope values versus depth, and this trend is useful in identifying changes in gas composition. However, concerns related to CILT include: (i) C1–C3 stable carbon isotope detection limits for isotube OUT gas analyses are considerable lower than for CILT; due to the lower isotube gas concentrations required for measurement of C3 isotopes, isotubes are able to map a shallower vertical thermogenic gas migration front in the overburden. (ii) Discrepancies between isotube OUT and CILT isotope values may be significant and cannot be assigned to analytical uncertainty; by contrast, test gas and isotube OUT isotope values are comparable. Hence, CILT isotope values from specific depths cannot stand in isolation but must be complemented by isotube OUT isotope measurements.Gas in the Pentland reservoir is the most coaly in composition due to self‐sourcing from the Pentland coals. The coals are the primary source rock for the gas encountered in the entire reservoir interval at Culzean, but the underlying Joanne sandstones contain contributions from highly mature marine shales in the Kimmeridge Clay Formation and/or Heather Formation. The Lower Cretaceous seal on top of the Pentland reservoir is relatively tight but some minor migration/leakage of thermogenic gas into the overburden is recorded by the detection of C3 isotopes. Thermogenic gas also occurs in high porosity intervals in the Upper Cretaceous succession but this gas is interpreted to have migrated laterally in porous carrier beds and did not enter these intervals at the well locations.
Repeat Annual Colorectal Cancer Screening in Rural Community Clinics: A Randomized Clinical Trial to Evaluate Outreach Strategies to Sustain Screening
Authors: Davis Terry C. , Rademaker Alfred , Morris James , Ferguson Laurie Anne , Wiltz Gary , Arnold Connie L. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractPurposeThe majority of colorectal cancer (CRC) research using the fecal immunochemical test (FIT) has studied short‐term screening results in predominantly urban areas. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of 2 outreach strategies embedded in a health literacy intervention on repeat CRC screening in rural community clinics.MethodsA 2‐arm randomized controlled trial was conducted in 4 rural clinics in Louisiana. During a regularly scheduled clinic visit, participants ages 50–75 received a FIT kit and brief educational intervention. Participants were randomized to receive an automated call or a personal call by a prevention counselor after 4 weeks and 8 weeks if FIT kits were not returned. In year 2, materials were mailed, and follow‐up calls were conducted as in year 1. The primary outcome was repeat FIT—the return of the FIT kit in both years.ParticipantsOf 568 eligible participants, 55% were female, 67% were African American, and 39% had low health literacy.FindingsRepeat FIT rates were 36.5% for those receiving the automated call and 33.6% for those receiving a personal call (P = .30). No annual FITs were returned in 30% of participants, while only 1 FIT was returned by 35% of participants (31% only year 1 and 4% only year 2).ConclusionSustaining CRC screening with FIT is challenging in rural clinics. A lower cost automated call was just as effective as the personal call in promoting repeat annual screening. However, more intensive strategies are needed to improve long‐term FIT screening among rural participants.
Choice preference of diets with different protein levels depending on water temperature in Nile tilapia
Authors: El‐Wahab Amr Abd , Visscher Christian , Teitge Felix , Steinhagen Dieter 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis study tested a choice feeding model for Nile tilapia that allowed the selection of a higher or lower protein content in the diet depending on water temperature. Nile tilapia were reared in twelve 200‐L tanks for 63 days with 12 fish (body weight 38 g/fish at start) per tank. Two temperatures (22 or 30°C) and two color combinations (yellow and red each) for a two‐component diet containing 30% (low) and a 38% (high) crude protein content based on dry matter were used. High water temperature (30 vs. 22°C) resulted in a significantly higher feed rate (1.93 ± 0.123 and 1.26 ± 0.100%, respectively), body weight gain (39.3 ± 4.29 and 4.75 ± 0.66 g, respectively), final body weight (70.3 ± 9.31 and 43.0 ± 7.49 g, respectively), and feed efficiency (55.4 ± 6.09 and 14.6 ± 2.86%, respectively), as well as protein efficiency ratio (1.687 ± 0.186 and 0.450 ± 0.087, respectively), regardless of color codes. No significant differences of color codes on growth parameters, body composition, and fatty acid profile were seen. Higher water temperature (30 vs. 22°C) only had an effect on percentage‐specific fatty acids of total fatty acids of the whole body (biggest difference: C16:0, 20.5 ± 1.00 and 17.4 ± 1.11%, respectively). Therefore, water temperature clearly influences growth and fatty acid composition of the body.
First report on okadaic acid production of a benthic dinoflagellate Prorocentrum cf. fukuyoi from Japan
Authors: Nishimura Tomohiro , Uchida Hajime , Suzuki Toshiyuki , Tawong Wittaya , Abe Shota , Arimitsu Shingo , Adachi Masao 
Published: September 2019

SUMMARYThe consumption of bivalves contaminated with diarrhetic shellfish toxins (DSTs) such as okadaic acid and dinophysistoxins has caused serious economic hardship to shellfish industries worldwide including Japan. Several benthic species of the genus Prorocentrum have been confirmed to produce DSTs. There have been no published studies of Japanese strains of Prorocentrum species that include a three‐way characterization of morphological characteristics, molecular phylogenetic data, and toxin profiles. In the present study, a benthic Prorocentrum strain isolated from Japanese temperate shallow water (depths < 3 m) was characterized using morphological, phylogenetic, and toxicological methods. Cell size of the Japanese Prorocentrum strain KSK4P was 27.2 ± 1.3 μm in length, 22.4 ± 0.9 μm in width, and had a length‐to‐width ratio of 1.22 ± 0.04. The thecal surface was smooth and covered with large and small thecal pores lying in rows, and the pores were lacking in the central area of the theca. The right theca had a deeply excavated periflagellar area that was narrow V‐shaped. Nine platelets and two wings were in the periflagellar area. These morphological features of the strain KSK4P are similar to those of P. fukuyoi. Phylogenetic trees based on the LSU rDNA D1/D3 sequences revealed that the strain KSK4P forms a new subclade F2f belonging to P. fukuyoi complex (subclade F2). The sequence analysis revealed that the strain KSK4P (subclade F2f) diverges from a subclade F2e to which the strain used for the description of P. fukuyoi belongs. Based on the results of morphological and phylogenetic analyses of the strain KSK4P, the strain was designated as P. cf. fukuyoi. The results of the LC/MS/MS analysis revealed that the strain KSK4P produced okadaic acid (1.5–2.7 fg cell−1). This is the first report that a strain belonging to the P. fukuyoi complex can produce okadaic acid.
The local political economy of the regulatory state: Governing affordable housing in England
Authors: Clegg Liam , Farstad Fay 
Published: September 2019

AbstractRegulatory governance involves the use of heterogeneous mechanisms to extract welfare gains from market‐based processes. While often viewed as a depoliticization mechanism, here, we explore a distinctly political manifestation of regulatory governance. Our study focuses on the governance of affordable housing in England, specifically on local authorities' use of ‘Section 106′ (S106) powers to compel private developers to include affordable housing in new developments. We show that, following the financial crisis, the governance of affordable housing shifted from a partisan to a valence issue. As the crisis increased the issue salience of affordable housing, left‐wing authorities' hitherto higher tendency to intervene was eroded in the midst of a broad‐based increase in S106 deployment. In addition to extending insights into the political economy of regulatory state intervention, our findings shed valuable light on the undersupply of affordable housing in England.
Addressing two blind spots of commonly used experimental designs: The Highly‐Repeated Within‐Person approach
Authors: Zayas Vivian , Sridharan Vasundhara , Lee Randy T. , Shoda Yuichi 
Published: September 2019

AbstractTwo well documented but still neglected blind spots of often‐used study designs limit a researcher's ability to make inferences about psychological phenomenon. First, typical designs focus on effects of conditions at the group level and are not able to assess the extent to which effects characterize each participant in the study. This blind spot can lead to erroneous (or incomplete) conclusions about the effects of manipulations both for a given participant and at the group level. Second, commonly used research designs often use a limited sample of stimuli, constraining conclusions to the particular stimuli. This blind spot can lead to non‐replication when different stimuli are used. We propose that the Highly‐Repeated Within‐Person (HRWP) approach helps mitigate these limitations. Using a study on the effects of anti‐smoking messages, we illustrate how the HRWP approach helps alert researchers when the conclusions at the group level may not apply to all (or any) participant, quantifies the heterogeneity of effects of manipulations across people, and increases confidence regarding the generalizability of the effects. We discuss how the HRWP approach may help conceptualize issues of replicability in a new light.
The Intersectionality of Disasters’ Effects on Trust in Public Officials
Authors: Reinhardt Gina Yannitell 
Published: September 2019

ObjectiveGroups defined by race and ideology are well‐known predictors of interpersonal and political trust, but gender‐based effects are undecided. I investigate whether disaster experience conditions a difference in political trust between women and men.MethodsExamining the hurricane data set of U.S. public opinion, I analyze intersectionality's influence on disaster‐based political trust with a three‐way interaction between race, class, and gender.ResultsAmong disaster survivors, black women trust less than all other race–gender groups, and white men trust the most. The difference between black and white women survivors’ political trust is attenuated by education. Education exacerbates race‐based political trust among observers. Among observers, there is not a gender‐based distinction.ConclusionDisasters create new identities based on shared experience, and offer a moment in time that illustrates how trust varies along gender–race–class–disaster dimensions. Knowing how trust differs according to intersectionality allows managers to manage critical events better.
Measurements of a Novel Digital Hydraulic Valve Comprising a Cushioning Feature
Authors: Bender Niels C. , Plöckinger Andreas , Foschum Paul , Winkler Bernd , Pedersen Henrik C. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
This article presents simulation data and measurements of a novel valve concept that features a soft landing concept. The purpose is to validate the design framework that has been applied to design the valve. The experimental results are obtained with a test rig manufactured specifically for this type of valve design. The validation includes studying the valves switching dynamics, cushion pressure dynamics, and movement-induced flow (MIF). The tests show that the tendencies are captured accurately although the exact magnitudes of forces do not match fully and a noticeable difference between simulated and measured plunger position is revealed. This amounts in a significant difference in the cushion pressure. Therefore, the pressure model is validated by using the measured lift and velocity derived hereof and this shows sufficient correspondence between the two pressures.
Regional Segregation With Spatial Considerations-Based Analytical Filling Time Model for Non-Newtonian Power-Law Underfill Fluid in Flip-Chip Encapsulation
Authors: Ng Fei Chong , Abas Aizat , Abdullah M. Z. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
This paper presents a new analytical filling time model to predict the flow of non-Newtonian underfill fluid during flip-chip encapsulation process. The current model is formulated based on the regional segregation approach, instead of the conventional porous media approximation. In this approach, the filling times were computed separately at different filling stages, before being summed up till the required filling distance. The non-Newtonian property of underfill fluid is modeled using the conventional power-law constitutive equation. Additionally, the spatial aspects of the underfill flow were incorporated into the present analysis. For instance, the evolution of underfill menisci from convex to concave was analytically developed and the contact line jump (CLJ) criterion was improved using minimal flow assumption. Upon validated with three distinct past underfill experiments, the current analytical model is found to have the best performance as it predicted the filling times with the least discrepancy among other existing filling time models. Quantitatively, the discrepancies were averagely reduced by an absolute value of at least 8.68% and 4.90%, respectively, for the first two set of validation studies. Generally, this model is particularly useful in manufacturing lines to estimate the process time of flip-chip underfill, as well as for the optimizations of process and package design.
Exploiting Nonlinear Dynamics for Design Optimization of Periodic Response of Harmonically Excited, Piezo-Driven, Buckled Beams
Authors: Wilson James M. , Shukla Amit , Olson William 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Design of piezo-electric actuated cutting tools requires carefully controlling the response characteristics while minimizing the energy input for an efficient design. Many times, nonlinearities are seen as a burden in cutting tool design process as they can result in unpredictable and extremely sensitive response. As such, engineers make design changes to effectively minimize or completely eliminate the nonlinear behavior and that has been a practice in biomedical device design industry. In this paper, the periodic response of buckled beams under piezo-excitation is considered. An optimization approach, as first demonstrated in Refs. [1] and [2], is utilized that achieves maximum amplitude, periodic, and stable responses of the beam systems. Case studies are presented that demonstrate the utility of this optimization approach to exploit the nonlinear dynamics to achieve desired responses. This work presents a new, global optimization driven, computational design approach for medical devices while exploiting nonlinearity in response dynamics.
Effect of Operational Parameters on the Thermal Performance of Flat Plate Oscillating Heat Pipe
Authors: Mehta Kamlesh K. , Mehta Nirvesh , Patel Vivek 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Flat plate oscillating heat pipe (FP-OHP) is a unique heat transfer device and considered as a promising candidate for effective heat transfer device in electronics industries. A number of theoretical studies and experimental investigations have been carried out on FP-OHP in the past decades after its invention. However, due to the operational characteristics of FP-OHP, the effect of various parameters on the thermal performance of FP-OHP has not been completely revealed so far. This paper attempts to discuss the effect of operational parameters on the thermal performance of FP-OHP. In this study, the FP-OHP was investigated with different charge ratios, orientations, working fluids, and heat loads from 10 W to 150 W. In order to investigate the effect, 18 parallel square channels of 2 × 2 mm2 are machined onto pure copper plate (93 × 70 × 8 mm3) to form FP-OHP. DI water, ethanol, methanol, acetone, and FC-72 are investigated. The measured thermal resistance was strongly dependent on operational parameters. The optimum performance was observed with acetone with a charge ratio of 70% in the vertical orientation. The lowest thermal resistance of 0.39 °C/W is achieved using acetone as a working fluid at 100 W. A Kutateladze number (Ku) was used to compare the experimental data and found to be suitable for prediction of the thermal performance of FP-OHP with standard deviation of 15%.
Experimental Investigation of the Vertical Upward Single- and Two-Phase Flow Pressure Drops Through Gate and Ball Valves
Authors: Zeghloul Ammar , Bouyahiaoui Hiba , Azzi Abdelwahid , Hasan Abbas H. , Al-sarkhi Abdelsalam 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
This paper presents an experimental investigation of the pressure drop (DP) through valves in vertical upward flows. Experiments were carried out using a 1¼″ (DN 32) ball and gate valve. Five opening areas have been investigated from fully open to the nearly fully closed valve, using air with a superficial velocity of 0–3.5 m/s and water 0.05–0.91 m/s. These ranges cover single-phase and the bubbly, slug and churn two-phase flow regimes. It was found that for the single-phase flow experiments, the valve coefficient increases with the valve opening and is the same, in both valves, for the openings smaller than 40%. The single-phase pressure drop increases with the liquid flowrate and decreases with the opening area. The two-phase flow pressure drop was found considerably increased by reducing the opening area for both valves. It reaches its maximum values at 20% opening for the ball valve and 19% opening for the gate valve. It was also inferred that at fully opening condition, the two-phase flow multiplier, for both valves, has been found close to unity for most of the tested flow conditions. For 40 and 20% valve openings the two-phase multiplier decreases in the power-law with liquid holdup for the studied flow conditions. Models proposed originally for evaluating the pressure drop through an orifice in single-phase and two-phase flows were also applied and assessed in the present experimental data.