bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Subsidiary survival: a case study from the Portuguese electronics industry
Authors: Silva Pedro , Moreira António Carrizo 
Published: August 2019

PurposeThe existing literature suggests that multinational corporations (MNCs) divest subsidiary units whenever they cease to enjoy the advantages of ownership, location or internalization. However, not all MNCs divest under these conditions. This paper aims to explore the factors that contributed to the survival of a particular subsidiary and prevented it from being divested.Design/methodology/approachThe analysis focuses on an individual subsidiary of a large foreign MNC in the electronics industry, which divested other subsidiaries from Portugal. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews.FindingsThe subsidiary’s diverse customer base, specificity and high level of efficiency, the local advantages, the existing governmental agreements and the parent MNC’s previous unsuccessful relocation experiences seem to have contributed to the survival of the subsidiary.Research limitations/implicationsAlthough the results of the case study are not generalizable to the entire population of firms, the featured case study is a rare survival success story in the Portuguese electronics industry.Practical implicationsThe proposed framework may offer public authorities measures to create conditions to encourage firms to retain their investment in a particular site. For corporate strategists, new perspectives on subsidiary survival are provided.Originality/valueThis paper is one of the few qualitative studies in the field of subsidiary survival. The results offer an integrative framework on which factors contribute to the survival of a subsidiary located on a comparatively unfavorable labor cost location and support the role of the organizational learning and of previous failed relocation experiences and relocation barriers when a parent MNC decides whether to retain a unit.
Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) as a feedstock for material extrusion additive manufacturing
Authors: Momenzadeh Niknam , Miyanaji Hadi , Porter Daniel Allen , Berfield Thomas Austin 
Published: August 2019

PurposeThis study aims to investigate the material extrusion additive manufacturing (MEAM) deposition parameters for creating viable 3-D printed polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) structures with a balanced mix of mechanical and electrical properties.Design/methodology/approachDifferent combinations of deposition conditions are tested, and the influence of these parameters on the final dimensional accuracy, semi-crystalline phase microstructure and effective mechanical strength of MEAM homopolymer PVDF printed parts is experimentally assessed. Considering printed part integrity, appearance, print time and dimensional accuracy, MEAM parameters for PVDF are suggested.FindingsA range of viable printing parameters for MEAM fabricated PVDF Kynar 740 objects of different heights and in-plane length dimensions was determined. For PVDF structures printed under the suggested conditions, the mechanical response and the microstructure development related to Piezoelectric response are reported.Originality/valueThis research first reports on a range of parameters that have been confirmed to facilitate effective MEAM printing of 3-D PVDF objects, presents effects of the individual parameters and gives the mechanical and microstructure properties of PVDF structures fabricated under the suggested deposition conditions.
Social value orientation and work group outcomes
Authors: Jones Gary D. , Cumberland Denise M. , Alagaraja Meera 
Published: August 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to propose and predict an improved model for antecedents to work group productivity.

Design/methodology/approach
The Campion work group effectiveness model (CWGEM) provides a wide variety of variables or constructs to predict and measure the effectiveness of a team, but suffers from limitations. This paper introduces social value orientation (SVO) and suggests its potential utility as an alternative conceptualization of certain portions of CWGEM, which, based on the literature reviewed, has the potential to explain differences in social support, workload sharing and communication and cooperation within groups, resulting in one measure more efficiently replacing three.

Findings
A series of testable propositions offering revisions to CWGEM is presented, along with special consideration for the inclusion of SVO as a predictor of work group outcomes. This paper expands on a theoretically developed empirical model that can predict differences in work group production.

Research limitations/implications
The revision to CWGEM presented here requires empirical validation, but work group conflict could benefit from an additional factor that explains interpersonal conflict, as SVO does.

Originality/value
The authors’ primary contribution is offering a revision to CWGEM that could provide an improved explanation for differences in work group productivity using SVO and a model that could result in a more efficient and better measure.
Interception loss, throughfall and stemflow by Larrea divaricata: The role of rainfall characteristics and plant morphological attributes
Authors: Magliano Patricio N. , Whitworth‐Hulse Juan I. , Florio Eva L. , Aguirre Esteban C. , Blanco Lisandro J. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractRainfall partitioning into interception loss, throughfall and stemflow affects the amount and the spatial heterogeneity of water entering into the soil at the patch scale, strongly controlling net primary productivity of drylands. In this paper, we explored rainfall partitioning and its biophysical controls in Larrea divaricata (jarilla), one of the most abundant shrubs in the Dry Chaco rangelands (Argentina). On average, interception loss, throughfall and stemflow accounted for 9.4, 78.6 and 12.0% of total rainfall, respectively. Interception loss proportion decreased with the increment of rainfall event size and intensity, whereas throughfall proportion showed the opposite pattern. Stemflow proportion increased with the increment of rainfall event size but presented different relations with rainfall event intensity. The increment of rainfall event intensity increased the stemflow in small events (<20 mm), but decreased it in large events (>20 mm). Stemflow increased in plants with higher angles of insertion of stems (measured at 50 and 100 cm from soil surface; p < .05 and p < .01, respectively), but decreased in plants with larger canopy areas (p = .01). Spatial distribution of throughfall (coefficient of variation) decreased with the increment of rainfall event size and intensity. L. divaricata presented more stemflow generation and fewer interception losses than other similar woody species. Our findings help to understand the key role of vegetation canopy affecting the amount of water entering into the soil in drylands.
Does Productivity in the Formal Food Sector Drive Human Ebola Virus Infections in Sub‐Saharan Africa?
Authors: Price Gregory N. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAs the hunting, butchering, processing, and consumption of bushmeat is a potential source of human Ebola virus (EV) infections, the extent to which bushmeat is a substitute for food produced and sold in the formal sector suggests that the relative price of food could matter for the incidence of human EV infections. This paper considers if productivity in the food sector is a driver of human EV infections in sub‐Saharan Africa. We estimate count data specifications of country level human EV infections as a function of food sector productivity in sub‐Saharan Africa over the 1976–2013 time period. Our parameter estimates suggest that if productivity in the food sector was on average 1 per cent higher over the 1976–2013 time period, the incidence of human EV infection would have been 42.5 per cent lower. This is consistent with bushmeat being a substitute for food produced in the formal sector, as food productivity increases lower the price of formal food relative to bushmeat. Our findings suggest that as productivity in the formal food sector is a driver of human EV infections in sub‐Saharan Africa, policy interventions that increase food productivity would enable Millennium Development Goal outcomes related to hunger, disease mitigation, and sustainability of wildlife.
Female Access and Rights to Land, and Rural Non‐farm Entrepreneurship in Four African Countries
Authors: Efobi Uchenna R. , Beecroft Ibukun , Atata Scholastica N. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis paper examines the relationship between female access to land, rights to such land, and engagement in non‐farm entrepreneurship in rural Africa. We used data from the four countries (Ethiopia, Nigeria, Tanzania and Malawi) that were featured in the Living Standards Measurement Study—Integrated Surveys in Agriculture dataset for the period 2013–15. To estimate the relationship, we compute the marginal effect from the logistic regression, while controlling for other important covariates that explain non‐farm activities at the individual/household level. We find that overall, women's access to land and rights to such land significantly explain their likelihood to engage in non‐farm enterprises. However, this relationship is not seen across the sampled countries. In Nigeria, for instance, we find that though the relationship is positive, it was not significant. While for Ethiopia, Tanzania and Malawi, we find a positive and significant relationship. We explain our result based on two important perspectives. The policy implications of our result are included in the paper.
Revisiting the Exchange Rate Pass‐Through to Inflation in Africa’s Two Largest Economies: Nigeria and South Africa
Authors: Balcilar Mehmet , Usman Ojonugwa , Agbede Esther Abdul 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis paper revisits the exchange rate pass‐through (ERPT) to inflation in Nigeria and South Africa by incorporating structural breaks and using time series variables, namely the consumer price index, nominal effective exchange rate, gross domestic product, and crude oil price. Based on the Maki cointegration test and a flexible estimation approach of the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model, our empirical evidence suggests that the long‐ and short‐run ERPT to inflation is complete for Nigeria, while for South Africa it is incomplete both in the long run and short run. This result indicates that prices are stickier in South Africa compared to Nigeria. The comparison between Nigeria and South Africa confirms the role of inflation targeting and central bank credibility on the ERPT. The results divulge further that output growth in Nigeria increases inflation in the long run while it is anti‐inflationary in the short run. For South Africa, the effect of output growth is negatively insignificant. In addition, the long‐run effect of oil price is negative and significant for Nigeria, while for South Africa the short‐run effect of oil price is positive and significant. Therefore, the findings of this paper will assist the monetary authorities to achieve monetary policy objectives.
The Recall of MPs Act 2015: Petitions, Polls and Problems
Authors: Tonge Jonathan 
Published: August 2019

AbstractUnder the terms of the Recall of MPs Act 2015, there have been three recall petitions brought against MPs who have committed misconduct. The outcomes have been variable. The first petition failed to attract enough signatures to trigger a by‐election. The second led to the unseating of the MP, who declined the opportunity to stand in the subsequent by‐election. The third led to the removal of the MP and an unsuccessful candidature to regain his seat at the by‐election. Variation has not been confined to outcomes. There have been differences in how the legislation has been implemented—in terms of the ease of access of constituents to the recall petition. This article suggests that in the interests of fairness and transparency, there is a strong case for adjusting the legislation to ensure national standardisation of local implementation.
COACHRED: A protocol for the safe and timely incorporation of focused echocardiography into the rhythm check during cardiopulmonary resuscitation
Authors: Finn Thomas E , Ward Jacqueline L , Wu Chu Te , Giles Alan , Manivel Vijay 
Published: August 2019

AbstractFocused echocardiography may be a useful tool in cardiopulmonary resuscitation for prognostication, to identify certain reversible causes of cardiac arrest, and to guide further management and procedures. Nonetheless, many clinicians have reservations regarding its widespread adoption due to evidence that it leads to prolonged interruption of cardiac compressions. Furthermore, the lack of a clear protocol for the inclusion of focused echocardiography into the rhythm check can lead to confusion in teams not familiar with incorporating the modality, as well as safety concerns for the echosonographer during delivery of a shock. We propose the protocol COACHRED to guide the use of focused echocardiography during rhythm check in a safe and timely manner. This approach incorporates the best strategies identified to date that minimise interruptions to chest compressions. We demonstrate that, in a simulation environment, it is achievable to incorporate focused echocardiography into the rhythm check while keeping the interruption to chest compressions within the timeframe prescribed by international guidelines.
Effect of nitrogen fertiliser and cultivation method on root systems of rice subjected to alternate wetting and drying irrigation
Authors: Santiago‐Arenas Raquel , Hadi Sholih N. , Fanshuri Buyung A. , Ullah Hayat , Datta Avishek 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBetter management of water and fertiliser is of critical importance for root systems development of rice, which is its first line of defence against water deficit and plays a key role in water and nutrient acquisition from soil. Two pot experiments were conducted to investigate the morphological response of root systems of rice under different doses and timings of N fertiliser application as well as cultivation methods subjected to alternate wetting and drying (AWD) irrigation. The treatments for the first pot experiment included two lowland Thai rice varieties (Pathumthani 1 and RD57), five N application doses (0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 kg N ha−1) and three cultivation methods (dry direct seeding [DDS], wet direct seeding [WDS] and transplanting [TP]). In the second pot experiment, root systems response of the same rice varieties was evaluated under four timings of N application (one‐split: 100% at basal; two‐split: 75% at basal and 25% at active tillering; three‐split: 50% at basal, 25% at active tillering and 25% at panicle initiation; and four‐split: 25% at basal, 25% at active tillering, 25% at panicle initiation and 25% at early flowering or before heading) applied at 60 kg ha−1 using the same cultivation methods. In both experiments, plants were subjected to AWD irrigation in which soil water potential was fluctuated between saturated condition (but not flooding) and −5 kPa. Pathumthani 1 developed better root systems (longer roots and higher root length density [RLD]) than RD57 regardless of N doses and cultivation methods. DDS resulted in higher root number, root dry matter (RDM) and root to shoot ratio at 120 kg N ha−1, whereas the same root traits were better at 90 kg N ha−1 under WDS. TP had better root systems development at 60 kg N ha−1. N application in four splits maximised root growth with more in number and longer roots as well as higher RLD, RDM and root to shoot ratio regardless of varieties and cultivation methods. Both rice varieties were equally suitable for growing when established under DDS, WDS and TP subjected to AWD irrigation with better root systems development at 120, 90 and 60 kg N ha−1, respectively. N application in four splits at 60 kg ha−1 enhanced root systems development. This study revealed that N fertiliser dose and application schedule may need to be adjusted depending on cultivation method when water‐saving irrigation technique is to be used in rice production system.
Evidence for direct effects of fire‐cues on germination of some perennial forbs common in grassy ecosystems
Authors: Hodges Joshua A. , Price Jodi N. , Nimmo Dale G. , Guja Lydia K. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn grassy ecosystems of south‐eastern Australia, fire maintains richness of native forbs. It is commonly thought that fire promotes regeneration indirectly by reducing competition for light and providing gaps for recruitment, rather than directly stimulating germination. However, physiological dormancy and morphophysiological dormancy are common, and few studies have explored responses to fire‐cues among dormant or hard‐to‐germinate forbs. Recent studies from other fire‐prone ecosystems suggest that in some cases, fire‐cues may not alleviate physiological or morphophysiological dormancy, but instead promote germination in combination with treatments which alleviate dormancy. We experimentally tested the prevailing hypothesis that perennial forbs common in south‐eastern Australian grassy ecosystems do not germinate in direct response to fire. Responses to fire‐cues both inherently and in combination with treatments which alleviate dormancy were investigated for seven species. Two fire‐cues (smoke and heat) plus a treatment of both heat + smoke were applied to fresh seed at three temperatures (35/25°C, 30/20°C and 25/15°C). Following this, the effect of fire‐cues on seed that had undergone warm stratification, cold stratification and dry‐after‐ripening was investigated. Three species — Arthropodium strictum, Cheiranthera cyanea and Dianella revoluta — responded to fire‐cues inherently, although germination in C. cyanea was low. High germination of D. revoluta was found when fire‐cues were combined with warm stratification. Fire‐cues had no effect on germination of Brunonia australis, Burchardia umbellata and Eryngium ovinum. Germination of Stypandra glauca was zero following all treatment combinations. Our finding that fire‐cues promote germination of three of the seven study species did not provide sufficient evidence to reject the current hypothesis that germination of perennial forbs is not typically promoted by fire‐cues. However, this study highlights the important direct role fire‐cues can play in promoting germination of some perennial forbs both inherently and in combination with treatments used to alleviate physiological dormancy.
Letter: previous exposure to corticosteroids increases the risk of post‐discharge venous thromboembolic events in patients with inflammatory bowel disease—author's reply
Authors: McCurdy Jeffrey D 
Published: August 2019

LINKED CONTENT
This article is linked to McCurdy et al and Zeng and Gan papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15286 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15411.
Editorial: evaluating cirrhosis progression‐lessons from the heart. Authors' reply
Authors: Mookerjee Rajeshwar Prosad , Thomsen Karen Louise 
Published: August 2019

LINKED CONTENT
This article is linked to Jansen et al and Solà and Ginès papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15365 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15442.
An application of temperature mapping of horse's back for leisure horse‐rider‐matching
Authors: Masko Malgorzata , Krajewska Anna , Zdrojkowski Lukasz , Domino Malgorzata , Gajewski Zdzislaw 
Published: August 2019

AbstractLeisure riding is a popular way of using horses however, unlike sport or racing horses, those are mostly not associated with one rider with high skills. Constant overload of equine musculoskeletal system causes pathologies, which are affecting horse mobility and decreases the horse‐rider communication. The aim was to propose the new scoring system of thermograph analysis as an aspect of differences in heat distributions on horseback before and after leisure ridings. The study was conducted on sixteen Polish warmblood horses, scanned with a non‐contact thermographic camera. Heat pattern of the thoracolumbar area was evaluated on thermograms taken before and after exercise. The criteria with point values for horse‐rider‐matching were created: heat points on the dorsal midline of saddle‐back contact area and degree of muscle unit overload. The results of thermograph analysis were compared with the results of a questionnaire on horse‐rider communication during riding in order to estimate the relevance of matching. The maximum score was obtained in 38.3% and 39.8% of combinations based on the thermograph analysis and questionnaire, respectively. Results of both scoring systems were strongly positive correlated (r = .937), demonstrating high sensitivity (61.72%) and specificity (90.23%) of the matching. The horse‐rider matching may improve horse comfort during leisure type of work.
Dock5 is a new regulator of microtubule dynamic instability in osteoclasts
Authors: Guimbal Sarah , Morel Anne , Guérit David , Chardon Manon , Blangy Anne , Vives Virginie 
Published: August 2019

Background InformationOsteoclast resorption is dependent on a podosome‐rich structure called sealing zone. It tightly attaches the osteoclast to the bone creating a favourable acidic microenvironment for bone degradation. This adhesion structure needs to be stabilised by microtubules whose acetylation is maintained by down‐regulation of deacetylase HDAC6 and/or of microtubule destabilising kinase GSK3β activities. We already established that Dock5 is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rac1. As a consequence, Dock5 inhibition results in a decrease of the GTPase activity associated with impaired podosome assembly into sealing zones and resorbing activity in osteoclasts. More, administration of C21, a chemical compound that directly inhibits the exchange activity of Dock5, disrupts osteoclast podosome organisation and protects mice against bone degradation in models recapitulating major osteolytic diseases.ResultsIn this report, we show that Dock5 knockout osteoclasts also present a reduced acetylated tubulin level leading to a decreased length and duration of microtubule growth phases, whereas their growth speed remains unaffected. Dock5 does not act by direct interaction with the polymerised tubulin. Using specific Rac inhibitors, we showed that Dock5 regulates microtubule dynamic instability through Rac‐dependent and ‐independent pathways. The latter involves GSK3β inhibitory serine 9 phosphorylation downstream of Akt activation but not HDAC6 activity.ConclusionWe showed that Dock5 is a new regulator of microtubule dynamic instability in osteoclast.SignificanceDock5 dual role in the regulation of the actin cytoskeleton and microtubule, which both need to be intact for bone resorption, reinforces the fact that it is an interesting therapeutic target for osteolytic pathologies.
The supply of non‐renewable resources
Authors: Daubanes Julien , Lasserre Pierre 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThere exists no formal treatment of non‐renewable resource (NRR) supply, systematically deriving quantity as function of price. We establish instantaneous restricted (fixed reserves) and unrestricted NRR supply functions. The supply of a NRR at any date and location depends not only on the local contemporary price of the resource but also on prices at all other dates and locations. Besides the usual law of supply, which characterizes the own‐price effect, cross‐price effects have their own law. They can be decomposed into a substitution effect and a stock compensation effect. We show that the substitution effect always dominates: a price increase at some point in space and time causes NRR supply to decrease at all other points. Our new—although orthodox—setting takes into account not only NRR supply limitations but also the heterogeneity of NRR deposits, and the endogeneity of their development and opening. Our analysis extends to NRRs the partial‐equilibrium analysis of demand and supply policies. Thereby, it provides a generalization of results about policy‐induced changes on NRR markets.