bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NILAI GIZI KONSENTRAT PROTEIN IKAN LELE DUMBO (CLARIAS GARIEPENUS) UKURAN JUMBO
Authors: Asriani Asriani , Santoso Joko , Listyarini Sri 
Published: January 2019

Ikan lele dumbo pada umumnya dikonsumsi pada size 6-8 ekor /kg, ukuran 2 -1 ekor / kg tergolong ukuran jumbo kurang laku, pangsa pasarnya sangat terbatas. Konsentrat protein ikan (KPI) merupakan bahan pangan untuk konsumsi manusia, dengan jumlah protein yang dihasilkan lebih banyak dari kondisi awalnya. Faktor-faktor yang mepengaruhi mutu KPI antara lain jenis ikan, jenis pelarut, cara ekstraksi dan lama ekstraksi. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui jenis pelarut terbaik dan ulangan ekstraksi, pembuatan KPI berbahan baku ikan lele dumbo ukuran jumbo. Ikan lele dumbo di ekstrak menggunakan pelarut isopropil alkohol dan etanol, ekstraksi dilakukan 1 kali, 2 kali. 3 kali dan 4 kali. Hasil penelitian pelarut terbaik menggunakan pelarut isopropil alkohol 90%, pengulangan ekstraksi 4 kali, menghasilkan kadar protein 78,71%, kadar lemak 0,69%, derajat putih 84, nilai organoleptik 4,29 bau ikan sangat lemah, memiliki 8 asam amino esensial, 5 asam amino non esensial dan 2 asam amino semi esensial.KPI ikan lele dumbo ukuran jumbo berupa produk dalam bentuk tepung berwarna putih yang mudah diplikasikan sebagai bahan fortifikasi.
Caracterización ecológica y diversidad de los bosques de encino de la sierra de Zapalinamé, Coahuila, México
Authors: Encina-Domínguez Juan A. , Zárate-Lupercio Alejandro , Valdés-Reyna Jesús , Villarreal-Quintanilla José A. 
Published: January 2019

La sierra de Zapalinamé es un área natural protegida del sureste de Coahuila, en la transición entre el Desierto Chihuahuense y la Sierra Madre Oriental. En sus cañones, donde el clima es templado subhúmedo y templado semiseco, se desarrollan bosques de encino. Con la finalidad de conocer la distribución, la riqueza y la diversidad de especies de estos bosques, se establecieron 66 sitios circulares de 500 m2, donde se tomó información de la densidad, el diámetro y la cobertura de las plantas leñosas, y de la frecuencia de las hierbas. Se utilizó la densidad de plantas leñosas y la frecuencia de todos los gremios de plantas para calcular el índice de diversidad de Shannon-Wiener; la relación entre la diversidad y la riqueza de especies leñosas con las variables ambientales se analizó mediante regresión lineal. Se reconocieron dos asociaciones del encinar: bosque de Quercus greggii-Q. mexicana y bosque de Q. saltillensis-Q. laeta, ambos distribuidos en un intervalo altitudinal de 2,000 a 2,600 m. La precipitación media es de 324 mm y la temperatura media es de 16ºC. Los bosques de Q. saltillensis–Q. laeta presentan el índice de diversidad más alto, así como la mayor riqueza de hierbas y arbustos, debido a las condiciones ambientales particulares, a la mayor incidencia de disturbios antropogénicos y a la infiltración de especies provenientes del matorral submontano. El patrón de diversidad de especies y su relación con los gradientes ambientales muestra que la diversidad y la riqueza disminuyen con el aumento de altitud y de precipitación, pero que aumentan con el incremento de la temperatura. En estos encinares la riqueza de especies varía marcadamente, siendo las hierbas las de mayor riqueza, seguidas por los arbustos y al final los árboles. La diversidad alfa promedio para las parcelas de muestreo fue de 40 especies. El patrón en la diversidad parece resultar de una combinación de procesos ecológicos con la configuración espacial y el historial de manejo del área protegida. En el diseño de estrategias de conservación biológica se deberá considerar el control de los disturbios antropogénicos.
Etnobotánica y ecología de plantas utilizadas por tres curanderos contra la mordedura de serpiente en la región de Acayucan, Veracruz, México
Authors: Ramos-Hernández Mario , Ávila-Bello Carlos H. , Morales-Mávil Jorge E. 
Published: January 2019

Se estudió el conocimiento etnobotánico y se analizaron aspectos ecológicos de plantas utilizadas como antiviperino por tres curanderos de la región de Acayucan, Veracruz, México. Los objetivos fueron conocer las plantas usadas para la elaboración del suero y evaluar la estructura general de la vegetación en dos áreas en donde se recolectan estas plantas. Se llevaron a cabo entrevistas y recorridos de campo con los tres curanderos, se calcularon las frecuencias relativas de las especies y se registró su forma de uso. La estructura de la vegetación se estudió en sitios de 400 m2 divididos en parcelas de 25 m2. Se determinaron 16 especies usadas contra la mordedura de serpiente. Las plantas se preparan de tres formas: cocimiento, pulverización y extracto alcohólico; todos los métodos se aplican vía oral. Las zonas de recolección son áreas muy aisladas y fragmentadas, rodeadas por terrenos utilizados para la agricultura y la ganadería.
Perceptions about Self-recording Videos to Develop EFL Speaking Skills in Two Ecuadorian Universities
Authors: Encalada Maria Asuncion Rojas , Sarmiento Sonia Magali Arteaga 
Published: January 2019

The present study explores the perceptions of EFL students from two Ecuadorian universities on the use of Self-Recording Videos (SRV) to develop speaking skills. As students do not have the opportunity to talk in the target language outside their classes, the authors of the present study analyzed the participants’ viewpoints regarding SRV to improve their conversational abilities. There is still limited research on the use of SRV for English speaking practice in a foreign country, so the researchers' purpose is to fill this gap in the literature to contribute to further studies on the topic. The authors consider essential to acknowledge the positive aspects of using this technique from the learners’ perspectives. For this purpose, participants were required to self-record a video related to the content of the class during the week and submit it to the Moodle platform.
A study of etiology, clinical profile and outcome in children aged 1-12 years presenting with fever of 1-3 weeks duration in a tertiary hospital
Authors: Devarajulu Kavitha , Velusamy Prabu 
Published: January 2019

Background: The objective of the study was to find out the etiology, associated signs and symptoms of fever of 1-3 weeks in the age group of 1-12 years and their outcome following treatment in a tertiary care hospital.Methods: This was an observational prospective study conducted at Institute of child health and hospital for children, Egmore, Chennai during the period from January 2011 to October 2012. A total of 621 children aged 1-12 years with 1-3 weeks of fever were included in the study. Demographic, clinical and diagnostic data were collected and analyzed for each patient and outcome was assessed for different types of febrile illness.Results: Out of 621 patients enrolled in the study, enteric fever was diagnosed in majority cases followed by respiratory tract infection, urinary tract infection in 102 (16.4%), leptospirosis in 78 (12.6%), malaria in 60(9.7%), dengue fever in 8 (7.7%) rickettsia infection in 36 (5.8%), tuberculosis in 24 (3.9%), CNS infection in 18 (2.9%), viral hepatitis in12 (1.9%), malignancy in 5(0.8%), connective tissue disorder in 4 (0.6%), localized infection in 2 (0.3%) cases. The incidence was unknown in 10 patients (1.6%). Fever and vomiting were the common symptom seen in all the patients. Mortality was observed 18 (2.94%) cases.Conclusions: The similarity of illness and complexity in etiological conditions demonstrates the complications of diagnosis and treatment of fevers. The present study findings provided rationale information for development of guidelines necessary for treatment and thereby reducing the mortality rate in children of age 1-12 years with incidence of febrile illness.
A study of oral lesions among HIV infected ENT patients
Authors: Soundara Rajan G. , Senthamarai Kannan D. 
Published: January 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Oral lesions are the earliest and most important indicators of HIV infection. These lesions may be present in up to 50% of people with HIV infection. The lesions parallel the decline in number of CD4+ cells and an increase in viral load, and are also independent indicators of disease progression. Pseudomembranous candidiasis and hairy leukoplakia are considered as the most common lesion associated with HIV infection.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This cross sectional descriptive study was done in our ENT op during the period of 3 years. All HIV reactive patients who came to our OPD were included in the study. Oral examination was carried out using Bull’s eye lamp. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Totally 123 patients of HIV came to ENT OPD during the period of 3 years. Among them 52 patients (42.5%) showed one or many oral lesions. The presence of oral lesions has a significant impact on health related quality of life. The commonest oral lesion noted in our study is oral candidiasis (50%).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Early detection of oral lesions must be emphasized in the diagnosis and early management of HIV patients.</p>
Retinal Function determined by Flicker ERGs before and after Intravitreal Injection of Anti-VEGF Agents
Authors: Terauchi Gaku , Shinoda Kei , Sakai Hiroyuki , Kawashima Makoto , Matsumoto Soichi , Mizota Atsushi , Miyake Yozo 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Background: To evaluate the retinal function before and after intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) agents in the injected and non-injected eyes.
Methods: Seventy-nine eyes of 79 patients that were treated by an intravitreal injection of an anti-VEGF agent for age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic macular edema (DME), or retinal vein occlusion (RVO) with macular edema (ME) were studied. The RETeval® system was used to record 28 Hz flicker electroretinograms (ERGs) from both eyes before (phase 1), within 2 hours after the injection (phase 2), and 2 to 24 hours after the injection (phase 3). Patients were grouped by disease or by the injected agent and compared. The significance of the changes in the implicit times and amplitudes was determined by t tests.
Results: The amplitudes were not significantly different among the groups. The implicit times were significantly longer or tended to be longer at phase 2 and 3 compared to phase 1 for each disease and for each injected agent in the injected and non-injected eyes.
Conclusions: The results show that an intravitreal anti-VEGF injection will prolong the implicit times not only in the injected eye but also in the non-injected eye soon after the intravitreal injection.
Trial registration: All of the patients gave a written informed consent and the study was conducted in accordance with the tenets of Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Ethics Committee of the Teikyo University School of Medicine (study ID number: 14-122).
Keywords: Aflibercept, age-related macular degeneration, electroretinogram, intravitreal injection, macular edema, ranibizumab, retinal vein occlusion, vascular endothelial growth factor.
Comparison of Intravenous Lidocaine and Dexmedetomidine Infusion for Prevention of Postoperative Catheter-Related Bladder Discomfort: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Li Shuying , Li Hui , Ni Juan , Ma Yushan 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Background: Catheter-related bladder discomfort (CRBD) frequently occurs during recovery in patients who undergo intra-operative urinary catheterization. We conducted this study to compare the effect of intravenous lidocaine and dexmedetomidine infusion for preventing CRBD.
Methods: 120 patients undergoing elective open abdominal hysterectomy or hysteromyomectomy requiring urinary bladder catheterization were randomly allocated into three groups of 40 each. Group L received a 2 mg/kg lidocaine bolus followed by infusion of 1.5 mg/kg/h; Group D received a 0.5 Ug/kg dexmedetomidine bolus followed by infusion of 0.4 Ug/kg/h; Group C received a bolus and infusion of normal saline of equivalent volume. The incidence and different severity (mild, moderate, and severe) of CRBD were assessed on arrival in the postanaesthesia care unit at 0, 1, 2, and 6 h postoperatively.
Results: The incidence of CRBD was significantly lower in Group L and Group D compared with Group C at 0, 1, and 2 h. However, there was no significant difference among the three groups regarding the different severity of CRBD at all time points. The requirement of rescue tramadol for CRBD was lower in group L and group D than in group C. The incidence of sedation was significantly higher in Group D compared to Group L and Group C, though no difference in other adverse effects was observed.
Conclusions: Intravenous lidocaine and dexmedetomidine infusion reduced the incidence of CRBD as well as the additional tramadol requirement for CRBD, but had no effect on the different severity of CRBD.
Trial registration: ChiCTR-INR-16009162. Registered on 5 September 2016.
Museum Archaeology in Serbia and the Myth of Museum Neutrality
Authors: Cvjetićanin Tatjana 
Published: January 2019

The standpoint according to which museums present objective and unbiased facts dominates both the public and professional discourse. However, the widely accepted idea that museums can be trusted – because they are prestigious authorities, independent research institutions, morally and intellectually neutral, in constant quest for knowledge – is essentially wrong. From the inception of museums, over their many types, till today, not a single museum nor a museum professional, has been neutral. Museums are social constructs, and politics is a part of their base.
Nevertheless, the myth of museum neutrality perseveres, especially thanks to a large number of museums whose staff still proudly use their knowledge in order to collect and represent the museum material in an allegedly neutral and objective fashion, without interferences of reality and everyday life.
The hypocrisy is evident in Serbia too, particularly in the case of historical narratives, but also obvious in permanent displays and exhibitions of archaeological material, as well as in the domain of museum archaeological research. The paper investigates the examples of apparent neutrality, the national, regional and local museums authorizing the achievements and superiority of the nation, glorifying the mediaeval history or celebrating the link to the Roman Empire, the ones that are the prestigious demonstration of authority, but as well the examples of personal interests and values that have formed the public discourse. These considerations raise the issue of ethics in museums.
The Impact of Pregnancy and Parity on Type 1 Diabetes Complications
Authors: Zurawska-Klis Monika , Cypryk Katarzyna 
Published: January 2019

Background:
The potential influence of pregnancy and parity on the risk of chronic diabetic
complications is a matter of great concern and constant discussion. This aspect seems relevant and
should be the subject of thorough discussion with the woman planning childbirth.

Introduction:
Current data concerning the impact of pregnancy and parity covers primarily retinopathy
and nephropathy, while the aspects of neuropathy and macrovascular complications are unsatisfactorily
documented. Majority of studies focus on single complication only, while the number of papers assessing
this problem in a complex setting is limited. The available body of evidence concerns mainly the
short-term impact of pregnancy on diabetic chronic complications while the data concerning the longer
perspective are scarce. Moreover, the results found in the available literature are conflicting. The aim of
the study was to summarize all available data concerning the longer impact of parity on the chronic
complications in the women with type 1 diabetes.

Methods:
PubMed database has been searched between October 2013 and September 2018 and all relevant
papers were selected. This review summarizes data on the impact of pregnancy and parity on
chronic complications in type 1 diabetic women.

Results:
Current data assessing this matter in a complex way are limited, and the available results are
controversial. It seems however that pregnancy itself may rather influence pre-existing diabetic complication
than affect risk of its development. Additionally, evidence suggests that any deleterious changes
appearing during pregnancy are transient and tend to remit after delivery.

Conclusion:
It seems that neither pregnancy nor parity affects the risk of diabetic chronic complications
in the longer perspective.
Changes in Body Composition of Old Rats at Different Time Points After Dexamethasone Administration
Authors: Aru Maire , Alev Karin , Pehme Ando , Purge Priit , Õnnik Lauri , Ellam Anu , Kaasik Priit , Seene Teet 
Published: January 2019

Background:
Aging leads to changes in skeletal muscle quantity and quality and is
accompanied with increase in body mass and fat mass, whereas fat-free mass either decreases or
remains unchanged. The body composition of rodents has been an important factor for clinical trials
in the laboratory. Glucocorticoids such as dexamethasone are widely used in clinical medicine, but
may induce myopathy, characterized by muscle weakness, atrophy, and fatigue. In animals treated
with glucocorticoids, a dose-dependent reduction of body weight has been observed. This weight
loss is usually followed by muscle atrophy and a reduction of several muscle proteins, contributing
to impaired muscle function. This study was designed to describe changes in body composition and
BMC of 22-month-old rats during 10- and 20-day recovery period after 10-day dexamethasone
administration.

Method:
Data on body mass, lean body mass, fat mass and bone mineral content of the rats were
obtained with dual energy X-ray absorptiometry scan.

Result:
Significant reduction in body mass, lean body mass, fat mass and fast-twitch muscle mass
was observed after dexamethasone treatment. Body mass, fat mass and fast-twitch muscle mass
stayed decreased during 20 days after terminating the hormone administration; lean body mass
reached the preadministration level after 20-day recovery period. There were no significant changes
in bone mineral density during the recovery period. Dexamethasone treatment gradually reduced
hindlimb grip strength that also stayed decreased during the 20-day recovery period.

Conclusion:
his study demonstrated that a 10-day period of overexprosure to glycocorticoids
induced longlasting changes in old rats’ body composition and these values did not attain the
baseline level even after 20-day recovery period.
Exploring Severe Mental Illness and Diabetes: Protocol for a Longitudinal, Observational, and Qualitative Mixed Methods Study (Preprint)
Authors: Bellass Sue , Taylor Johanna , Han Lu , Prady Stephanie L , Shiers David , Jacobs Rowena , Holt Richard Ian Gregory , Radford John , Gilbody Simon , Hewitt Catherine , Doran Tim , Alderson Sarah L , Siddiqi Najma 
Published: January 2019

BACKGROUND

The average life expectancy for people with a severe mental illness (SMI) such as schizophrenia or bipolar disorder is 15 to 20 years less than that for the population as a whole. Diabetes contributes significantly to this inequality, being 2 to 3 times more prevalent in people with SMI. Various risk factors have been implicated, including side effects of antipsychotic medication and unhealthy lifestyles, which often occur in the context of socioeconomic disadvantage and health care inequality. However, little is known about how these factors may interact to influence the risk of developing diabetes and poor diabetic outcomes, or how the organization and provision of health care may contribute.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to identify the determinants of diabetes and to explore variation in diabetes outcomes for people with SMI.

METHODS

This study will employ a concurrent mixed methods design combining the interrogation of electronic primary care health records from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD GOLD) with qualitative interviews with adults with SMI and diabetes, their relatives and friends, and health care staff. The study has been funded for 2 years, from September 2017 to September 2019, and data collection has recently ended.

RESULTS

CPRD and linked health data will be used to explore the association of sociodemographics, illness, and health care–related factors with both the development and outcomes of type 2 diabetes in people with SMI. Experiences of managing the comorbidity and accessing health care will be explored through qualitative interviews using topic guides informed by evidence synthesis and expert consultation. Findings from both datasets will be merged to develop a more comprehensive understanding of diabetes risks, interventions, and outcomes for people with SMI. Findings will be translated into recommendations for interventions and services using co-design workshops.

CONCLUSIONS

Improving diabetes outcomes for people with SMI is a high-priority area nationally and globally. Understanding how risk factors combine to generate high prevalence of diabetes and poor diabetic outcomes for this population is a necessary first step in developing health care interventions to improve outcomes for people with diabetes and SMI.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03534921; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03534921
La educación como herramienta de cambio social: educación en valores y violencia de género
Authors: Rodrigo Martín Isabel , Núñez Gómez Patricia , Rodrigo Martín Luis 
Published: January 2019

<p class="Cuerpo">El presente trabajo trata de profundizar en la investigación sobre el papel de la Educación como herramienta para el cambio social, apostando por una educación en valores que cumpla con sus dos funciones, transmisora y transformadora de la realidad, con capacidad para erradicar y prevenir conductas y situaciones de violencia, desigualdad y falta de respeto, a la vez que se aprende a compartir los afectos desde la igualdad, la autonomía y la justicia.</p><p class="Cuerpo">La experiencia demuestra claramente que para prevenir las situaciones de violencia de género no es suficiente con ofrecer información teórica sobre el fenómeno. La complejidad del problema hace necesario que se posibilite el aprender a convivir y relacionarse desde los valores de igualdad, autonomía y respeto.</p><p class="Cuerpo">Esta razón nos lleva a proponer un proyecto educativo para tratar la violencia de género titulado: “El valor no distingue de género”, cuya finalidad principal es la prevención de la violencia de género, la inclusión y visibilidad de las mujeres y el reconocimiento de identidades diversas que rompan con los estereotipos y roles contra toda forma de discriminación, lo cual requiere enseñar y aprender a escuchar y reconocer las emociones, así como resolver los conflictos de forma pacífica y sin violencia.</p>
World Trends in Freedom of Expression and Media Development. Global Report 2017/2018
Authors: Vega Montiel Aimée 
Published: January 2019

<p class="p1">La UNESCO acaba de publicar el informe <em>Tendencias Mundiales en Libertad de Expresión y Desarrollo de los Medios </em>(por su traducción al español). El informe corresponde al periodo 2012-2017 y se ha convertido en una referencia internacional, que permite dar seguimiento al desarrollo y obstáculos que enfrenta esta agenda.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></p>