bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Agroforestry systems provide firewood for livelihood improvement in Guatemala
Authors: Sibelet Nicole , Posada Karla E. , Gutiérrez-Montes Isabel A. 
Published: May 2019

Dans le contexte du changement climatique et de la pauvreté, les populations rurales sont de plus en plus confrontées aux défis de la gestion adéquate des ressources, de la production alimentaire et de l’amélioration de la qualité de vie. Le Guatemala doit faire face au changement climatique et à la pauvreté tout en tenant compte de sa production agricole. À cet égard, les systèmes agroforestiers ont été proposés comme méthode alternative de production durable. Cet article présente une comparaison entre les systèmes agricoles conventionnels et les systèmes agroforestiers enrichis de Camotán et Jocotán. Les résultats montrent que le système agroforestier enrichi contribue à 65 % du bois-énergie contre 7 % pour le système conventionnel. Les familles utilisant le système agricole conventionnel ont extrait 81 % de leur bois-énergie de la forêt, alors que les familles utilisant le système agroforestier enrichi n’en ont extrait que 32 %. Le bois-énergie produit par le système agroforestier enrichi offre un avantage supplémentaire aux femmes, aux enfants et aux jeunes, qui sont chargés de transporter les fagots, car ils n’ont pas à parcourir de longues distances pour approvisionner le foyer. Les familles ont construit et adapté des connaissances empiriques sur la gestion des arbres dans leurs systèmes de culture. Le système agroforestier enrichi est donc présenté comme une solution potentielle pour répondre à la demande annuelle de bois-énergie. La sécurité foncière influence la décision des familles rurales d’investir ou d’innover. Les systèmes agroforestiers jouent un rôle clef dans l’augmentation des ressources et l’amélioration de la qualité de vie.
Écologie et connaissances ethnozoologiques du porc-épic à crête (Hystrix cristata Linnaeus, 1758) dans les réserves de biosphère de la Pendjari et du W au Bénin
Authors: Mouzoun Séraphin 
Published: May 2019

Le porc-épic à crête (Hystrix cristata Linnaeus, 1758), espèce nocturne de la famille des hystricidés, est le plus gros des rongeurs du Bénin, discret et peu connu. Il est menacé de disparition à cause des pressions (chasse, destruction des habitats). La présente étude s’est concentrée sur l’écologie de l’espèce et les connaissances endogènes des populations riveraines des réserves de biosphère de la Pendjari et du W du Bénin et leur périphérie. Cette thèse vise à identifier les facteurs environnementaux qui influencent la sélection de l’habitat par l’espèce ainsi qu’à apprécier l’importance socioculturelle de l’espèce au sein des communautés locales. La méthodologie était la description de l’habitat, l’inventaire de H. cristata et l’estimation de l’abondance relative par le suivi des traces. Dans ces réserves, l’inventaire de H. cristata a été réalisé à travers la méthode de la « marche de reconnaissance guidée », basée sur les indices de présence. Des visites systématiques dans les milieux indiqués par les informateurs, ainsi que des tournées nocturnes ont été effectuées. Les données ethnozoologiques ont été collectées par le biais d’entretiens individuels auprès de 260 personnes – pêcheurs, chasseurs, tradithérapeutes, exploitants agricoles. – dans 10 villages riverains. L’étude a combiné des données sur l’habitat, les menaces, les relations socio-économiques et le régime alimentaire. La distribution de H. cristata est corrélée avec les types de sol et de végétation. Ceux-ci ont un effet très marqué et déterminant sur la présence de l’espèce dans un milieu. La savane arbustive (47,6 % des sites d’occurrence) et la formation saxicole (37,0 %) sont davantage préférées par l’espèce que la savane arborée (12,1 %) et la galerie forestière (3,3 %). Ces résultats confirment l’existence d’un gradient écologique. Le test de Kruskal-Wallis réalisé indique une différence significative de ces préférences (p = 0,002). L’indice de comptage kilométrique calculé est de 2,85 indices/km. L’espèce évite les altitudes. Quatre catégories d’utilisation de l’espèce sont notées : la plus importante est l’alimentation (100 % des citations), suivie de la pharmacopée (60,3 %), du commerce (24,0 %) et de l’ornement (13,1 %). L’espèce est chassée essentiellement pour la consommation au sein du ménage. Le braconnage est la principale pression exercée sur l’espèce. Des actions sont proposées pour sa conservation et sa préservation.
Penggunaan Khamir Laut Dalam Pakan Anguilla bicolor Terhadap Retensi Lemak dan Daya Cerna Energi <br><i>[The Effect of Use of Sea Yeast in Feed Anguilla bicolor Against Fat Retention and Energy Di gestion]<i>
Authors: Manik Ria Retno 
Published: May 2019

AbstrakIkan sidat merupakan ikan konsumsi penting. Khamir laut (marine yeast) merupakan organisme seluler dari golongan jamur, bersifat kemoorganotrof, bereproduksi seksual dengan spora dan aseksual dengan pertunasan atau pembelahan. Percobaan ini menggunakan substitusi (A) 0% khamir laut (B) 5% khamir laut utuh (C) 5% khamir laut dipecah dan (D) 5% khamir laut direduksi. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji sidik ragam dan dilanjutkan dengan Uji Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT). Hasil terbaik pada perlakuan D menunjukkan retensi lemak 24,88% dan daya cerna energy 69,74%. AbstractEel is an important consumption fish. Marine yeast (cellular yeast) is a cellular organism of the fungal group, which is chemoorganotrophic, reproduces sexually with spores and asexual with spreading or cleavage. This experiment uses substitution (A) 0% sea yeast (B) 5% whole sea yeast (C)5% broken sea yeast and (D) 5% reduced sea yeast. Data were analyzed by using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and followed by the Smallest Significantly Difference Test (LSD). The best results on treatment D showed fat retention of 24.88% and energy digestibility of 69.74%.
Pengaruh Suhu Penyimpanan Terhadap Kerusakan Spora Myxobolus koi <br><i>[The Effect of Storage Temperature in Myxobolus koi Spore Damage]<i>
Authors: Mahasri Gunanti , Putra Perdana Titom Gusmana , Kusnoto Kusnoto 
Published: May 2019

AbstrakSpora Myxobolus koi dapat mengalami kerusakan apabila disimpan dalam kondisi penyimpanan yang kurang baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh suhu penyimpanan terhadap kerusakan spora Myxobolus koi serta untuk mengetahui suhu optimum untuk penyimpanannya. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) sebagai rancangan percobaan. Perlakuan yang digunakan adalah penyimpanan spora Myxobolus koi pada suhu kamar (28-34) oC, Refrigerator (2-4) oC, dan Freezer (-5 hingga -10) oC, dengan ulangan sebanyak 6 kali. Penyimpanan ini dilakukan selama 30 hari. Parameter utama yang diamati adalah prosentase spora Myxobolus koi yang rusak. Parameter penunjang yang diamati adalah tipe kerusakan spora Myxobolus koi. Analisis data menggunakan ANAVA (Analisis Varian) dan dilanjutkan dengan Uji Jarak Berganda Duncan untuk mengetahui suhu optimum untuk penyimpanan spora Myxobolus koi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa peyimpanan pada suhu yang berbeda berpengaruh terhadap prosentase kerusakan spora Myxobolus koi. Kerusakan spora Myxobolus koi tertinggi terjadi pada suhu kamar (28-34) oC mencapai angka 68,91% dan nilai kerusakan terrendah terjadi pada refrigerator (2-4) oC yaitu 29,91%. Spora Myxobolus koi dapat disimpan pada refrigerator dan lemari pembeku. AbstractMyxobolus koi spores can be damaged if stored in poor conditions. This study aimed to determine the effect of storage temperature on Myxobolus koi spores and to determine the optimum temperature for storage. This research was conducted using a completely randomized design method (CRD) as an experimental design. The treatments used were storaged Myxobolus koi spores at room temperature (28-34oC), Refrigerator (2-4oC), and Freezers (-5 to -10oC), with replications 6 times. This storage was carried out for 30 days. The main parameter observed was the percentage of damaged Myxobolus koi spores. The supporting parameters observed were the type of Myxobolus koi spore damage. Data analysis using ANAVA (Analysis of Variance) and continued with Duncan’s Multiple Distance Test to find out the optimum temperature for storage of Myxobolus koi spores. Based on the results of the study, it was found that storage at different temperatures affected the percentage of damage to Myxobolus koi spores. The highest damage of Myxobolus koi spores occurred at room temperature (28-34oC) reaching 68.91% and the lowest damage value occurred at refrigerator (2-4oC) which was 29.91%. Myxobolus koi spores can be stored in a refrigerator and freezer
Decision Support System for Classification of Early Childhood Diseases Using Principal Component Analysis and K-Nearest Neighbors Classifier
Authors: Dananjaya Damar , Werdiningsih Indah , Semiati Rini 
Published: May 2019

Background: Data on early childhood disease collected in clinics has accumulated into big data. Those data can be used for classification of early childhood diseases to help medical staff in diagnosing diseases that attack early childhoods.Objective: This study aims to apply Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and K-Nearest Neighbor (K-NN) Classifier for the classification of early childhood diseases.Methods: Data analysis was performed using PCA to obtain variables that had a major influence on the classification of early childhood diseases. PCA was done by observing the correlation between variables and eliminating variables that have little influence on classification. Furthermore, data on early childhood disease was classified using the K-Nearest Neighbor Classifier method.Results: The results of system evaluation using 150 test data indicated that the classification system by applying PCA and KNN Classifier had an accuracy value of 86%.Conclusion: PCA can be used to reduce the number of variables involved so that it can improve system performance in terms of efficiency. In addition, the application of PCA and KNN can also improve accuracy in the classification of early childhood diseases.
Pengaruh Pemberian Limbah Penetasan Yang Diolah Dengan Mineral Pengikat Bentonite Terhadap Performans Produksi Ayam Kampung Super
Authors: Sulistyanto Bambang , Sumarsih Sri , Utama Cahya Setya 
Published: May 2019

<p>Pengolahan limbah penetasan dengan bentonite menujukkan kelayakan dan keamanan secara kimia maupun mikrobiologisnya sebagai sumber pakan alternatif. Untuk melengkapi dasar kajian pemanfaatan limbah penetasan terolah sebagai bahan pakan alternative ternak lokal, penelitian ini dilakukan. Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan rancangan acak lengkap pola faktorial 2 x 4 x 2, faktor pertaman adalah mineral pengikat bentonite 3 dan 4%, level penggunaan limbah penetasan terolah 0,10, 20 dan 30% sebagai faktor ke dua dan umur ayam 2 dan 4 minggu sebagai faktor ke tiga, masing-masing diulang 3 kali dengan 5 unit percobaan setiap ulangan. Hasil penelitian meninjukkan, penggunaan bentonite 4 % dalam pengolahan limbah penetasan dan aras penggunaan limbah penetasan dalam ransum, tidak berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan ayam (P&gt;0.05). Pengaruh nyata penggunaan bentonite, maupun aras penggunaan limbah penetasan terolah mampak nyata ketika berinteraksi dengan umur ayam (p&lt;0.05). Rata-rata bobot badan dan pertambahan bobot harian tertinggi pada ransum kontrol pada semua umur, dan terendah pada ransum dengan 30% limbah penetasan yang diolah dengan bentonite 4%. Hal yang sama diperlihatkan pada nilai konversi pakan, nilai tertinggi dicapai pada ayam umur 4 minggu dengan ransum 30% limbah penetasan yang diolah dengan bentonite 4%. Disimpulkan bahwa hasil pengolahan limbah penetasan dengan 4% bentonite layak digunakan pada ayam umur lebih dari 2 minggu, dan penggunaan limbah penetasan terolah dalam ransum tidak lebih dari 20%.</p>
Facilitating radar precipitation data processing, assessment and analysis: a GIS-compatible python approach
Authors: Kreklow Jennifer 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
A review of existing tools for radar data processing revealed a lack of open source software for automated processing, assessment and analysis of weather radar composites. The ArcGIS-compatible Python package radproc attempts to reduce this gap. Radproc provides an automated raw data processing workflow for nationwide, freely available German weather radar climatology (RADKLIM) and operational (RADOLAN) composite products. Raw data are converted into a uniform HDF5 file structure used by radproc's analysis and data quality assessment functions. This enables transferability of the developed analysis and export functionality to other gridded or point-scale precipitation data. Thus, radproc can be extended by additional import routines to support any other German or non-German precipitation dataset. Analysis methods include temporal aggregations, detection of heavy rainfall and an automated processing of rain gauge point data into the same HDF5 format for comparison to gridded radar data. A set of functions for data exchange with ArcGIS allows for visualisation and further geospatial analysis. The application on a 17-year time series of hourly RADKLIM data showed that radproc greatly facilitates radar data processing and analysis by avoiding manual programming work and helps to lower the barrier for non-specialists to work with these novel radar climatology datasets.
Enhanced Fenton-like oxidation of hydroxypropyl guar gum catalyzed by EDTA-metal complexes in a wide pH range
Authors: Tang Ying , Liu Huan , Zhou Ling , Ren Haomiao , Li Hong , Zhang Jie , Chen Gang , Qu Chengtun 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
A series of EDTA-metal complexes was prepared for the Fenton oxidation catalysts and Fe(II)L exhibits high catalytic performance for degradation of hydroxypropyl guar gum in a wide pH range 7.0–13.0. The viscosity of hydroxypropyl guar gum can be reduced with the 10.0% H2O2 and 5.0% Fe(II)L. The viscosity average molecular weight of hydroxypropyl guar gum was decreased from almost 2 million to 3,199. Most important of all, the chemical oxygen demand (COD) value can be decreased to 104 mg/L from 8,080 mg/L with enough H2O2, and Fe(II)L also shows great catalytic ability in the degradation of various polymers by H2O2. The proposed mechanism of the activation of H2O2 by the complex was studied.
Characterization of ultraviolet-modified biochar from different feedstocks for enhanced removal of hexavalent chromium from water
Authors: Peng Zhongya , Liu Xiaomei , Chen Hongkun , Liu Qinglong , Tang Jingchun 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Biochars produced from different feedstocks via pyrolytic carbonization and ultraviolet (UV) modification were used as alternative adsorbents for aqueous hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) remediation. Structural and morphological analysis showed that UV irradiation increased the surface area of biochar and added a large amount of oxygen-containing functional groups on the biochar's surface, resulting in about 2–5 times increase of Cr(VI) removing capacity (14.39–20.04 mg/g) compared to that of unmodified biochars (3.60–8.43 mg/g). The sorption ability among different feedstocks after modification was as follows: corn stack &gt; sawdust &gt; wheat straw. The adsorption kinetics and adsorption isotherm data agreed well with the pseudo-second-order model and Freundlich model, respectively. Experimental and modeling results suggested that the oxygen-containing functional groups and surface areas of biochars were notably increased after UV irradiation, which was mainly governed by surface complexation. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis showed that reduction occurred during Cr(VI) adsorption. In addition, UV irradiation significantly increased the concentration of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in biochars. The collected outcomes showed that UV-modified biochar was a good material for the removal of hexavalent chromium from aqueous medium. The excellent adsorption capacity, environmental-friendly and low cost properties made the novel material an auspicious candidate for environmental remediation.
Study of the spatiotemporal correlation between sediment-related blockage events in the sewer system in Bogotá (Colombia)
Authors: Pulido Eliana Soriano , Arboleda Carlos Valencia , Rodríguez Sánchez Juan Pablo 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The planning and scheduling of maintenance operations of large conventional sewer systems generate a complex decision-making environment due to the difficulty in the collection and analysis of the spatiotemporal information about the operational and structural condition of their components (e.g. pipes, gully pots and manholes). As such, water utilities generally carry out these operations following a corrective approach. This paper studies the impact of the spatiotemporal correlation between these failure events using Log-Gaussian Cox Process (LGCP) models. In addition, the association of failure events to physical and environmental covariates was assessed. The proposed methods were applied to analyze sediment-related blockages in the sewer system of an operative zone in Bogotá (Colombia). The results of this research allowed the identification of significant covariates that were further used to model spatiotemporal clusters with high sediment-related failure risk in sewer systems. The LGCP model proved to be more accurate in comparison to those models that build upon a fundamental assumption that a failure is equally likely to occur at any time regardless of the state of the system and the system's history of failures (i.e. a homogeneous Poisson process model).
Priority-based Task Pre-processing in IoT Sensory Environments
Authors: Rajendranath U.N.V.P. , Hency Victor B. 
Published: May 2019

Background:
The motive of the Internet of Things (IoT) is to monitor and to control the
devices that are connected to the internet. In IoT sensory environments, the application queries for the
physical quantities in the spatiotemporal domain. The interaction between the sensors and the applications
from the internet is the next big thing in the era of the internet of things. To minimise the resource
utilisation, task scheduling mechanisms are implemented to the network.

Methods:
The PRITRAPS (Priority-based Task aware Pre-processing and Scheduling) is a mechanism
that is employed in real time scenarios of industries. In which different applications units are accessing
the gateway unit to measure and monitor the parameters of different service types.
PRITRAPS employs priority among the tasks to reduce the network load.

Results:
The QoS parameters of the system are analysed and compared with the previous methodologies.
The PRITRAPS mechanism consists of a task pre-processor unit, Scheduler and EMS module
within the gateway unit. The scheduling algorithm employed in PRITRAPS is EDF (Earliest Deadline
First) algorithm. The pre-processing task unit decreases the number of tasks by choosing the tasks
having similar spatial and temporal requirements. The residual energy of the sensor nodes can help
the scheduler for deciding the sensor nodes in respective of task requirements. The scheduler finds the
best potential nodes and assigns them to the task for processing.

Conclusion:
To reduce the tasks arrivals at the wireless sensor unit, a priority based CCTs (Critical
Covering Task sets) is proposed, and it effectively reduces the packet congestion and network overload.
The results obtained are satisfactory and proven that PRITRAPS outperform TRAPS in energy
consumption of a node by processing the tasks on the node. PRITRAPS require only 50 % of the time
that has been taken by TRAPS for serving the tasks. The PRITRAPS mechanism is implemented in
NS3 simulator and tested for different task sets.
Baseline Assessment of Knowledge of Home Based Carers for People with Diabetes in a Rural Village in South Africa: A Quantitative Study
Authors: Bopape Mamare , Mothiba Tebogo , Mutambudzi Miriam , Wens Johan , Bastiaens Hilde 
Published: May 2019

Background:
In South Africa, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a significant health problem causing disability and premature death. Home Based Carers (HBCs) who care for T2DM patients in a rural village in South Africa lack formal training, which may result in knowledge deficits on the provision of care.

Objective:
To describe knowledge of HBCs who care for T2DM patients in a rural village in South Africa.

Methods:
A self-administered questionnaire with closed-ended questions was used. The questionnaire included seven questions to assess biographic characteristics, 13 self-test statements to assess actual common practices and 29 statements to test diabetes knowledge. Data were captured and analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 24.

Results:
More than 60% of the HBCs' had between 5 and 10 years of experience with a mean of 9 years. Eighty-nine percent (89%) of HBCs had some kind of secondary education but 89% never attended an in-service training on T2DM. Only 27% of HBCs agreed with the statement they could instruct people with diabetes on daily personal care and 11% agreed they could identify the normal ranges of blood glucose. Where 57% of the respondents agreed with the statement they could not perform one method of blood glucose control, 1 out of 3 (32%) agreed with the statement they could not instruct people with diabetes on self-care management for a sick day. The results revealed that there was no significant relationship (rho= .055, N = 53, p = 0.69) between HBCs years of experience and knowledge scores.

Conclusion:
The study showed that HBCs who care for people with diabetes lack knowledge with regard to diabetes mellitus. Therefore, people with diabetes in a rural village in South Africa are not managed well and there is a need for training of HBCs on T2DM.
THE EFFECTS OF EXPOSURE DURATION TO ELECTRONIC CIGARETTE SMOKE ON DIFFERENCES IN SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE AND MALONDIALDEHYDE IN BLOOD OF WISTAR RATS
Authors: SURYADINATA RIVAN VIRLANDO , WIRJATMADI BAMBANG , ADRIANI MERRYANA , SUMARMI SRI 
Published: May 2019

Objective: Exposure to electronic cigarette smoke causes an increase of free radicals. Physiologically, the body produces antioxidant superoxide dismutase to neutralize the free radicals. However, an excessive increase of the free radicals will result in an imbalance between the amount of free radicals and antioxidants. The free radicals in the body can trigger lipid peroxidation so that it will result in oxidative stress causing cell damage. Malondialdehyde increase is a marker of oxidative stress in the body. The aim of this research is to understand the changes and the relationship between levels of superoxide dismutase and malondialdehyde in the blood due to exposure to electronic cigarette smoke.
Methods: This research is an experimental study using male Wistar rats as experimental animal models. In the study, the exposure to electronic cigarette smoke with different duration of administration was carried out. Next, blood samples were taken to check the levels of superoxide dismutase and malondialdehyde.
Results: The results showed a difference in antioxidant levels between antioxidant Superoxide Dismutase and malondialdehyde (p<0.05). Meanwhile the relationship between the two groups showed a strong (r = 0.893) and significant (p = 0.000) relationship.
Conclusion: The exposure to electronic cigarette smoke can reduce the level of antioxidant superoxide dismutase and increase the level of malondialdehyde in blood. In addition, changes in the levels of antioxidant superoxide dismutase and malondialdehyde had a strong and significant relationship.