bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The clinical profile, hematological parameters and liver transaminases of Dengue NS1 Ag positive patients admitted to Jaffna Teaching Hospital, Sri Lanka
Authors: Jayadas T. T. P. , Kumanan T. , Arasaratnam V. , Gajapathy K. , Surendran Sinnathamby Noble 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Objective
Objective of the study is to evaluate the on-admission day symptoms and signs clinical, hematological parameters and liver transaminases of the dengue NS1 positive patients who got admitted on different clinical phases (Febrile phase (day 1-3) and Critical phase(day 4-5) ) of dengue at medical wards of Jaffna Teaching Hospital.

Results
Blood samples were collected from 150 suspected dengue patients from day 1 to 5 of the illness. Seventy-eight patients were positive for Dengue NS1, according to the WHO proposed dengue clinical phase framework 37 patients were from febrile phase and 41 patients from critical phase. Patients who admitted on critical phase framework suffered from leukopenia, thrombocytopenia. 09 patients had the evidence of leakage with fever and the leakers had significant rise in hemoglobin, hematocrit and liver transaminase levels which are considered as severe form of disease.
Title: “Using data on snus use in Sweden to compare different modelling approaches to estimate the population health impact of introducing a smoke-free tobacco product”
Authors: Djurdjevic Smilja , Pecze Laszlo , Weitkunat Rolf , Luedicke Frank , Fry John , Lee Peter 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background

We have developed an approach for modelling the health impact of introducing new smoke-free tobacco products. We wished to compare its estimates with those of alternative approaches, when applied to snus, used in Sweden for many years.Methods

Modelling was restricted to men aged 30-79 years for 1980-2009 and to four smoking-related diseases. Mortality data were extracted for Sweden and other European countries. Published data provided Swedish prevalence estimates for combinations of never/former/current smoking and snus use, and smoking prevalence estimates for other European countries. Approach 1 compares mortality in Sweden and in other countries with a smoking prevalence similar to Sweden’s prevalence of combined smoking/snus use. Approaches 2 and 3 compare mortality in Sweden with hypothetical mortality had snus users smoked. Approach 3 uses our health impact model, individuals starting with the tobacco prevalence of Sweden in 1980. Tobacco histories during 30-year follow-up were then estimated using transition probabilities, with risk derived using a negative exponential model. Approach 2 uses annual tobacco prevalence estimates coupled with estimates of relative risk of current and former smokers regardless of history. The main applications of Approaches 2 and 3 assume that only smoking affects mortality, though sensitivity analyses using Approach 3 allow for risk to vary in snus users and dual users.Results

Using Approach 2, estimated mortality increases in Sweden in 1980-2009 had snus not been introduced were: lung cancer 8,786; COPD 1,781; IHD 10,409; stroke 1,720. The main Approach 3 estimates were similar (7,931; 1,969; 12,501; 1,901). They decreased as risk in snus users and dual users increased. Approach 1 estimates differed wildly (77,762; 32,538; 77,438; 76,946), remaining very different following correction for differences between Sweden and the comparison countries in non-smoking-related disease mortality.Conclusions

Approach 1 is unreliable, accounting inadequately for non-tobacco factors affecting mortality. Approaches 2 and 3 provide reasonably similar approximate estimates of the mortality increase had snus not been available, but have differing advantages and disadvantages. Only Approach 3 considers tobacco history, but develops histories using tobacco transition probabilities, which is possibly less reliable than using estimated tobacco prevalences at each follow-up year.
Canadian in-hospital mortality for patients with emergency-sensitive conditions: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Berthelot Simon , Lang Eddy S. , Quan Hude , Stelfox Henry T. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
BACKGROUND:
The emergency department (ED) sensitive hospital standardized mortality ratio (ED-HSMR) measures risk-adjusted mortality for patients admitted to hospital with conditions for which ED care may improve health outcomes. This study aimed to describe in-hospital mortality across Canadian provinces using the ED-HSMR.
METHODS:
Hospital discharge data were analyzed from April 2009 to March 2012. The ED-HSMR was calculated as the ratio of observed deaths among patients with emergency-sensitive conditions in a hospital during a year (2010-11 or 2011-12) to the expected deaths for the same patients during the reference year (2009-10), multiplied by 100. The expected deaths were estimated using predictive models fitted from the reference year. Aggregated provincial ED-HSMR values were calculated. A HSMR value above or below 100 respectively means that more or fewer deaths than expected occurred within a province.
RESULTS:
During the study period, 1,335,379 patients were admitted to hospital in Canada with an emergency-sensitive condition as the most responsible diagnosis. More in-hospital deaths (95% confidence interval) than expected were respectively observed for the years 2010-11 and 2011-12 in Newfoundland [124.3 (116.3-132.6); & 117.6 (110.1-125.5)] and Nova Scotia [116.4 (110.7-122.5) & 108.7 (103.0-114.5)], while mortality was as expected in Prince Edward Island [99.9 (86.5-114.8) & 100.7 (87.5-115.3)] and Manitoba [99.2 (94.5-104.1) & 98.3 (93.5-103.3)], and less than expected in all other provinces and territories.
CONCLUSIONS:
Our study revealed important variation in risk-adjusted mortality for patients admitted to hospital with emergency-sensitive conditions among Canadian provinces. The ED-HSMR may be a useful outcome indicator to complement existing process indicators in measuring ED performance.
Urinary proteome of dogs with kidney injury during babesiosis
Authors: Winiarczyk Dagmara , Michalak Katarzyna , Adaszek Łukasz , Winiarczyk Mateusz , Winiarczyk Stanisław 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This study aimed to identify proteins in the urine of dogs with renal dysfunction during the natural course of babesiosis (n=10) and to compare them with proteins in a control group (n=10) to reveal any potential biomarkers of renal damage. Pooled urine samples from both groups were separated by 2D (two-dimensional) electrophoresis, followed by protein identification using MALDI-TOF (matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight) mass spectrometry. In total, 176 proteins were identified in the urine samples from healthy dogs, and 403 proteins were identified in the urine samples from dogs with babesiosis. Of the 176 proteins, 146 were assigned exclusively to healthy dogs, and 373 of the 403 proteins were assigned exclusively to dogs with babesiosis; 30 proteins were common to both groups. Characteristic analysis of the 373 proteins found in dogs with babesiosis led to the isolation of 8 proteins associated with 10 metabolic pathways involved in immune and inflammatory responses. Furthermore, it was hypothesized that epithelial-mesenchymal transition might play an important role in the mechanisms underlying pathological changes in renal tissue during babesiosis, as indicated by a causal relationship network built by combining 5 of the 10 selected metabolic pathways and 4 of the 8 proteins associated with these pathways; this network included cadherins, gonadotropin releasing hormone receptors, inflammatory responses mediated by chemokine and cytokine signalling pathways, integrins, interleukins and TGF-β (transforming growth factor β) pathways. These pathways were linked by interleukin-13, bone morphogenetic protein 7, α2(1) collagen, and FER tyrosine kinase, which are potential biomarkers of damage during babesiosis in dogs that might indicate early renal injury.
Influence of pre-operative oral carbohydrate loading vs. standard fasting procedure on tumor proliferation and clinical outcome in breast cancer patients — a randomized trial
Authors: Lende Tone Hoel , Austdal Marie , Varhaugvik Anne Elin , Skaland Ivar , Gudlaugsson Einar , Kvaløy Jan Terje , Akslen Lars , Søiland Håvard , Janssen Emiel , Baak Jan PA 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background

The influence of carbohydrates in breast cancer is conflicting.Objective

To determine whether preoperative per-oral carbohydrate load influences proliferation in breast tumors.Design

Randomized controlled trial.Setting

University hospital with primary and secondary care functions in South-West Norway.Patients

A population-based cohort of 61 patients with operable breast cancer.Intervention

Per-oral carbohydrate load (preOp™) 18 and 2-4 hours before surgery (n=26) or standard pre-operative fasting procedure with free consume of tap water (n=35).Measurements

Primary outcome was post-operative tumor proliferation measured as mitotic activity index (MAI). Secondary outcomes were changes in serum insulin, insulin-c-peptide, glucose, IGF-1 and IGFBP3. Other secondary outcomes were patients´ well-being and clinical outcome (median follow-up 88, range 33-97 months).Results

In the estrogen receptor (ER) positive subgroup (n=50), high proliferation (MAI≥ 10) occurred more often in the carbohydrate group (CH) than in the fasting group (p=0.038). Progesterone receptor (PR) was more frequently negative in the CH-group (p=0.014). CH-patients had a significant between group rise in insulin (+ 24.31 mIE/L, 95% CI, 15.34 mIE/L to 33.27 mIE/L), insulin c-peptide (+ 1.39 nM, 95% CI, 1.03 nM to 1.77 nM), but reduced IGFBP3 levels (– 0.26 nM; 95% CI, ­– 0.46 nM to – 0.051 nM). CH-Intervention ER-positive patients had poorer relapse free survival (73%) than the fasting group (100%) (p=0.012; HR= 9.3 (95%CI, 1.1 to 77.7)). In the ER-positive patients, only tumor size (p=0.021; HR=6.07, 95%CI=1.31 to 28.03) and CH-or-fasting grouping (p=0.040; HR=9.30, 95% CI=1.11 to 77.82) had independent prognostic value. The adverse clinical outcome of carbohydrate loading occurred only in T2 patients with Relapse Free Survival of 100% in the fasting group vs. 33% in the CH-group (p=0.015; HR= inf). The CH-group reported less pain on day 5 and 6 compared to the control group (p<0.001) but showed otherwise no factors related to well-being.Limitation

Only applicable to ER-positive breast cancer patients with T2-tumors.Conclusions

Preoperative carbohydrate load increases proliferation and PR-negativity in ER-positive patients and worsens clinical outcome in ER-positive T2-patients.
Low Partner Testing in High HIV Prevalence Setting in Freetown, Sierra Leone: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Lakoh Sulaiman , Firima Emmanuel , Jiba Darlinda F. , Sesay Momodu , Conteh Mariama Marco , Deen Gibrilla Fadlu 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Objective: Despite a 1.5% national HIV prevalence, 33% of people living with HIV in Sierra Leone know their status. Limited activities on testing partners of HIV patients could be contributory to this substantial unawareness of HIV status. We carried out a retrospective study aimed at assessing partner testing and HIV prevalence among adults (≥15 years) tested using DetermineTM and SD Bioline as recorded in the HIV testing registers from January to December 2017 at Connaught Hospital, an urban tertiary hospital in Sierra Leone.
Results: Of the 3808 clients tested for HIV, 2048(53.8%) were females. The median age was 31 (IQR 24 – 42) years and 2104 (55.3%) were single. While 3014(79.1%) had Provider-Initiated Testing and Counseling (PITC), 794 (20.9%) had Client-Initiated Testing and Counseling (CITC). HIV test was positive in 925 (24.3%) {CI 22.9 – 25.6, P< 0.001} clients. Of the 17 (0.4%) partners tested for HIV, 9 (52.9%) were positive. PITC yielded more HIV positive cases (760, 25.2%) than CITC (165, 20.8%). Partner testing (P=0.007), female sex (P<0.001) and PITC (P=0.006) were associated with a positive HIV diagnosis. With high HIV prevalence and low partner testing, activities on partner testing are needed to improve the response to the epidemic.
The effect of job aids on knowledge retention among Patent and Proprietary Medicine Vendors trained to administer injectable contraceptives: Longitudinal results from implementation science in Nigeria.
Authors: Dwyer Sara Chace , Jain Aparna , Ishaku Salisu , Okunade Faizah , Uzomba Chiamaka , Adebayo Adedamola , Tobey Elizabeth 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: To increase access to voluntary family planning (FP) services, policymakers in Nigeria are debating how to task share the provision of injectable contraceptives to drug shop owners known as Patent and Proprietary Medicine Vendors (PPMVs). Globally, task sharing FP services to drug shops is a promising practice, but more information is needed on how to support PPMVs in providing high quality FP, including injectable services.
Methods: 194 PPMVs were trained to provide FP counseling and administration of injectable contraceptive services in Bauchi, Cross River, Ebonyi and Kaduna states. PPMVs were interviewed immediately before, immediately after, and 9 months after the training. Three variables were used to assess injectable contraceptive knowledge: 1) intramuscular depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA-IM) knowledge: a combination of three questions related to device type, injection location, and reinjection frequency; 2) subcutaneous DMPA (DMPA-SC) knowledge: a combination of the same three questions but for DMPA-SC; and 3) knowledge of at least 4 of the 7 common side effects of progestin-only injectables. Three separate adjusted logistic regression models were conducted to determine the factors that influence PPMV knowledge of injectable contraceptives 9 months after the training.
Results: A little over half of PPMVs (56%) reported using at least two job aids at 9 months.
PPMVs’ knowledge of DMPA-IM, DMPA-SC and side effects were low before the training but increased immediately after. Nine months later, knowledge levels remained higher than pre-test levels but generally reduced compared to post-test levels. PPMVs who reported using at least 2 FP job aids were 2.6 (95% CI: 1.4-5.1) times more likely to have complete DMPA-IM knowledge 9 months after the training compared to those who did not use job aids or only used one, while adjusting for PPMV characteristics. Similar results were observed for knowledge of DMPA-SC (AOR: 2.5; 95% CI: 1.2-4.6) and side effects (AOR: 2.5; 95% CI: 1.3-4.8).
Conclusion: Training PPMVs to use proven FP job aids should be incorporated into routine trainings, as they reinforce knowledge months after a training and can help PPMVs to retain information. When designing scale-up programs, jobs aids are a good investment for larger capacity-building strategies.
The effect of temperature on childhood hand, foot and mouth disease in Guangdong Province, China, 2010-2013: A multicity study
Authors: Xu Zece , Hu Wenqi , Jiao Kedi , Ren Ci , Jiang Baofa , Ma Wei 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is a serious infectious disease, which has become a public health problem. Previous studies have shown that temperature may influence the incidence of HFMD, but most only focus on single city and the results are highly heterogeneous. Therefore, a multicity study was conducted to explore the association between temperature and HFMD in different cities and search for modifiers that influence the heterogeneity. Methods We collected daily cases of childhood HFMD (aged 0-5 years) and meteorological factors of 21 cities in Guangdong Province in the period of 2010-2013. Distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM) with quasi-Poisson was adopted to quantify the effects of temperature on HFMD in 21 cities. Then the effects of each city were pooled by multivariate meta-analysis to obtain the heterogeneity among 21 cities. Potential city-level factors were included in meta-regression to explore effect modifiers. Results A total of 1,048,574 childhood cases were included in this study. There was a great correlation between daily childhood HFMD cases and temperature in each city, which was non-linear and lagged. High heterogeneity was showed in the associations between temperature and HFMD in 21 cities. The pooled temperature-HFMD association was peaking at the 79th percentile of temperature with relative risk (RR) of 2.474(95%CI: 2.065-2.965) as compared to the median temperature. Latitude was the main modifier for reducing the heterogeneity to 69.28% revealed by meta-analysis. Conclusions There was a strong non-linear and lagged correlation between temperature and HFMD. Latitude was strongly associated with the relationship between temperature and HFMD. Meanwhile, it had an effect on modifying the relationship. These findings can conducive to local governments developing corresponding preventive measures.
Compression Therapy Following Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion: A Prospective, Randomized, Clinical Study
Authors: Sun Wu , Gao Jing-hua , Li-guo ZHU , Xiao Wei , Wang Zhen-zhong , Yang Ke-xin , Zhang Qing , Wang Bao-jian 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: Wound-related complications are an inevitable issue faced by spinal surgeons. Negative pressure drainage remains the most commonly used method to prevent postoperative hematoma and related complications. This prospective, randomized, controlled study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of compression therapy following posterior lumbar interbody fusion, with emphasis on pain, anemia, and inflammation.
Methods: Sixty consecutive patients who have undergone posterior lumbar interbody fusion in the age range 43–78 years, with an average age of 59 years, were selected and randomly assigned into two groups. Factors, such as drainage volume, visual analog scale (VAS) pain score for back pain, white blood cell (WBC) count , red blood cell (RBC) count, hemoglobin (Hb) levels, erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR), and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels assessed on the 1st, 3rd, and 10th days postoperatively, were compared between the two groups.
Results: The average follow-up was 6 months, ranging from 3 to 11 months. Drainage volume, VAS score, and CRP levels on the 10th day after the surgery were found to be significantly lower in the treatment group than in the control group. RBC count and Hb levels on the 3rd and 10th postoperative days were observed to be significantly higher in the treatment group than in the control group ( P <0.05). During discharge, the wounds of the patients of the both groups had healed and neither showed any symptoms of infection, hematoma, or necrosis.
Conclusion: Compression therapy relieves pain, alleviates anemia, and the inflammatory response following posterior lumbar interbody fusion.
Management and outcome of pelvic fracture associated with vaginal injuries: a retrospective study of 25 cases
Authors: Li Pengyu , Zhou Dongsheng , Fu Baisheng , Song Wenhao , Dong Jinlei 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Backgound: Pelvic ring fractures associated with vaginal injuries were rarely reported due to low incidence. The displaced segments of pelvic ring may increase the risk of vaginal injury. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the correlation between pelvic fracture and vaginal injury.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of 25 patients with pelvic fractures associated with vaginal injury treated at our institution. The medical records of these patients were collected and 24 patients were followed-up for 10-36 months.
Results: All patients suffered anterior pelvic ring fracture. Young-Burgess fracture classification and compromised pubic symphysis were related to severity vaginal injury. Gauze packing was done in 6 patients and 18 patients received surgical repair. Infection occurred in 6 patients among them 4 were due to delayed diagnosis. Factors associated with pelvic outcome were age, urethral injury, and infection. Four patients suffered pain in sexual intercourse but no influence factor found correlated to sexual function.
Conclusion: VS type pelvic fractures and compromised pubic symphysis are related to higher severity of vaginal injury. Disruption of anterior ring and an unstable pelvic ring caused by forces on coronary and axial plane may increase the risk of vaginal injury.

Key words: Pelvic fracture, Vaginal injury, Clinical outcome
Transarticular external fixation versus deltoid ligament repair in treating SER IV ankle fractures: a comparative study
Authors: Li Bohua , Wang Shanxi , Zhang Zhengdong , Yang Hai , Li Jun , Li Qin , LIU Lei 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background The topic that whether the injured deltoid ligament should be repaired when associated with ankle joint fractures is still discussed. The objective of this study was to compare the clinical effect of open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) with deltoid ligament repair (DLR) or transarticular external fixation (TEF) in treating supination-external rotation type IV (SER IV) ankle fractures.
Methods Between January 2012 and December 2015, 43 patients were diagnosed as SER IV ankle fractures, 20 underwent ORIF and transarticular external fixation (TEF) without DLR (group 1), 23 were treated with ORIF and DLR (group 2). The pre- and post-operative radiographic examination were performed, the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle-hindfoot score, the visual analog scale (VAS), the Medical Outcomes Short Form 36-item questionnaire score (SF-36), and the ankle range of motion (ROM) were used for functional evaluation.
Results In both groups, the three scores improved significantly after surgery, but there was no significant difference between the two groups. At 6 weeks after surgery, patients in group 2 had better ankle ROM than group 1 (29.35 ± 2.033 vs. 40.35 ± 3.550, P < 0.001), but there was no difference at 12 months postoperatively. No cases of bone nonunion or post-traumatic arthritic changes were seen during the follow-up. Patients in group 1 required a shorter time to achieve fracture union than patients in group 2.
Conclusions ORIF with TIF is an optional strategy to manage SER IV ankle fractures as it achieves comparable functional results to ORIF with DLR. It also allows patients to start relatively earlier weight-bearing and may promote fracture union.
Keywords Transarticular external fixation; ORIF; Deltoid ligament repair; Supination-external rotation; Ankle fracture