bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reversal of resistance to chemotherapy following anti-programmed cell death-1 immunotherapy in metastatic lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Liu Xiaoli , Liu Huaimin , Luo Suxia 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Rationale:
For metastatic non-small cell lung cancer with no epidermal growth factor receptor mutations or anaplastic lymphoma kinase gene rearrangements, programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) blockade is preferentially recommended post first-line chemotherapy. However, still many patients do not respond to these agents. After development of resistance to PD-1 blockade, further evaluation of chemotherapy regimen will be necessary.

Patient concerns:
A 57-year old man had cough with minimal whitish expectoration. Computed tomography (CT) scans showed that he had an upper lobe mass of his left lung and multiple lymphadenectasis, including mediastinal and hilar lymph nodes, and also to the right intrapulmonary lymph nodes.

Diagnoses:
The patient was diagnosed with adenocarcinoma after a biopsy was conducted on the upper lobe mass of his left lung.

Interventions:
The patient received pemetrexed plus cisplatin (Pem-Cis) treatment for 6 cycles and sequential thoracic radiation as a therapeutic schedule. CT demonstrated a confirmed partial response after these treatments. Three months later, the tumors continued to grow. The patient received successive pemetrexed-based chemotherapy regimens; however, these regimens failed to stop tumor progression. The patient subsequently underwent 6 cycles of PD-1 mAb pembrolizumab treatment.

Outcomes:
Sensitivity of chemotherapy was restored, and the patient displayed a reduction in the size of enlarged mediastinal and hilar lymph nodes after 2 cycles of treatment with Pem-Cis, the initially used chemotherapy regimen.

Lessons:
This outcome suggests that PD-1 blockade holds promise as a treatment strategy for reversion of chemotherapy resistance in refractory lung adenocarcinoma and warrants additional studies.
Clinical massage therapy for patients with cancer-related fatigue protocol of a systematic review
Authors: Wang Kang , Qi Shuo , Lai Hezheng , Zhu Xiaoshu , Fu Guobing 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Background:
Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is a prevalent and debilitating symptom experienced by cancer survivors, one that severely compromises functional independence and quality of life. Clinical massage therapy (CMT), as an important part of complementary and alternative medicine, is widely employed among massage therapists, physical therapists, nurses, and physicians when managing CRF. Clinical research indicates that CMT produced relief of CRF. In this systematic review, we aim to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of CMT for patients with CRF.

Methods:
We will search the following electronic databases for randomized controlled trials to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of CMT for CRF in cancer patients: CENTRAL, Embase, MEDILINE, CINAHL and China National Knowledge Infrastructure. Each database will be searched from inception to October 2018. The entire process will include study selection, data extraction, risk of bias assessment and meta-analyses.

Results:
This proposed study will evaluate the effectiveness and safety of CMT for CRF. The outcomes will include change in quality of life, fatigue relief and adverse effect.

Conclusions:
This proposed systematic review will evaluate the existing evidence on the effectiveness and safety of CMT for patients with CRF.

Dissemination and ethics:
The results of this review will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publication. Because all of the data used in this systematic review and meta-analysis has been published, this review does not require ethical approval. Furthermore, all data will be analyzed anonymously during the review process.
Effect of sertraline in the treatment and prevention of poststroke depression
Authors: Feng Rongfang , Wang Peng , Gao Chenhao , Yang Jianbo , Chen Zixiao , Yang Yaoyao , Jiao Jiawei , Li Mengmeng , Fu Bo , Li Ling , Zhang Zhenxiang , Wang Shiguang 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Background:
Morbidity of poststroke depression (PSD) remains high worldwide. Additionally, PSD causes multiple sequelae. Although sertraline has been reported to be effective in treating PSD, many studies remain inconsistent.

Methods:
PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Clinical trials. gov, Wan fang Data (Chinese), VIP (Chinese), and CNKI (Chinese) were retrieved from inception to April 2017. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and self-controlled trials (SCTs) were recruited, which met the inclusion criteria in our study. The depression rating scores, the incidence of PSD, activities of daily living (ADL), neurological impairment scores, and adverse effects were assessed.

Results:
Around 11 studies were recruited in our work, including 1258 participants. For trials enrolled, the results were depicted: the reduction of depression rating scores was significant in sertraline groups (WMD −6.38; 95% CI −8.63 to −4.14; P < .00001); the incidence of PSD was significantly lower in sertraline groups (RR 0.48; 95%CI 0.35–0.67; P < .0001); there was obvious improvement of ADL (WMD 11.48; 95% CI 4.18–18.78; P = .002 <0.05) and neurological impairment (WMD −3.44; 95% CI −6.66 to −0.21; P = .04 <0.05); no significant difference between sertraline and control groups in the morbidity of adverse events (RR 0.94; 95% CI 0.83–1.06; P = .33 >0.05). However, in sensitivity analyses, the conclusions of the reduction of depression rating scores and the improvement of ADL were altered.

Conclusions:
The study suggests that sertraline has a potentially protective role compared with control groups and demonstrates sertraline is safe. However, the reduction of depression rating scores and the improvement of ADL should be considered carefully.
Compressive radial neuropathy by a synovial cyst during pregnancy
Authors: Hsiao Ching-Min , Wu Chia-Chieh , Wen Hsin-Chiao 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Rationale:
Compressive radial neuropathy by a synovial cyst in the radial tunnel during pregnancy is a rare occurrence. The management of radial nerve compression caused by a synovial cyst in a pregnant patient is a surgical dilemma owing to the fetal and maternal risks of treatment.

Patient concerns and diagnosis:
A 37-year-old pregnant woman presented with progressive forearm pain at the gestational age of 12 weeks. A cyst was identified via musculoskeletal ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging examinations in the radiocapitellar joint causing radial compressive neuropathy.

Interventions:
After regional nerve block and surgical removal of the cyst, the patient's forearm pain was alleviated without neurological deficits.

Outcome:
symptoms from nerve compression were improved after surgical treatment

Lessons:
This report illustrates the case of a pregnant woman presenting a compressive neuropathy by an enlarged cyst possibly due to the unbalance of growth factors during pregnancy. With proper diagnosis and timely surgical intervention, such patients can achieve good neurologic recovery without maternal or fetal complications.
Complete remission after hypofractionated radiotherapy for a patient with inoperable adenoid cystic carcinoma of bronchus
Authors: Wang Daquan , Bi Nan , Chen Dongfu , Wang Luhua 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Rationale:
Tracheobronchial adenoid cystic carcinoma (TACC) is a rare malignancy. Surgical resection remains the standard treatment of choice. But it is frequently unresectable due to its local extension. The practicability and safety of hypofractionated radiotherapy (HRT) for TACC remains unknown since most of the TACCs are centrally located.

Patient concerns:
A 57-year-old female presented with paroxysmal cough, expectoration, and hemoptysis.

Diagnoses:
Computed tomography (CT) scan of the chest revealed a nodule originating from the wall of right primary bronchus, with 1.9∗1.2 cm in size. Bronchoscope confirmed the node on the medial wall of the right primary bronchus extending towards the carina, with a close distance of 0.5 cm. Biopsy from the node was considered as adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC). The clinical stage of the patient was T3N0M0.

Interventions:
The patient underwent HRT with a total dose of 60Gy in twelve fractions.

Outcomes:
The patient experienced complete remission after HRT. No symptomatic radiation-induced toxicity (≥grade 2) was observed during the follow-up.

Lessons:
HRT may be a safe and effective modality for inoperable TACC.
Prognostic significance of the degree of lymphatic vessel invasion in locally advanced, surgically resectable pancreatic head cancer
Authors: Morita Kohei , Oshiro Hisashi , Mito Kumiko , Mieno Makiko Naka , Tamba-Sakaguchi Mio , Niki Toshiro , Miki Atsushi , Koizumi Masaru , Sakuma Yasunaru , Komatsubara Toshihide , Sata Naohiro , Fukushima Noriyoshi 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Little is known concerning the prognostic significance of the degree of lymphatic vessel invasion in pancreatic head cancer. To address this gap in knowledge, we retrospectively examined 60 patients with locally advanced, surgically resectable pancreatic head cancer who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy and lymph node (LN) dissection.
All cases were histopathologically diagnosed as ductal adenocarcinoma, stage II (25 pT3N0 cases, 35 pT3N1 cases). The following variables were investigated: age; sex; neoadjuvant therapy; adjuvant therapy; tumor size; tumor grade; invasion into the serosa, retropancreatic tissue, duodenum, bile duct, portal venous system and perineural area; cut margins; LN metastasis; and the number of invaded lymphatic vessels (LVI-score).
Univariate analysis demonstrated that LN metastasis and an LVI-score ≥5 were significantly associated with poor disease-free survival. Multivariate Cox regression analysis confirmed that LN metastasis and an LVI-score ≥7 were significantly associated with poor disease-free survival. Additionally, LVI-scores ≥9 and ≥10 were comparable to or surpassed the significance of LN metastasis based on the hazard ratio. Univariate analysis demonstrated that tumor size >30 mm, duodenal invasion, LN metastasis and an LVI-score ≥2 were significantly associated with poor overall survival. Multivariate Cox regression analysis confirmed that LN metastasis and LVI-scores ≥9 and ≥10 were significantly associated with poor overall survival, and an LVI-score ≥10 was comparable to or surpassed the significance of LN metastasis based on the hazard ratio.
Our study strongly suggests that a high degree of lymphatic vessel invasion is associated with a poor prognosis in patients with locally advanced, surgically resectable pancreatic head cancer.
Clinicopathologic features and outcomes of primary vaginal adenosis as a dermatologic and gynecologic burden
Authors: Han Tiantian , Jin Ying , Li Yan , Bi Yalan , Pan Lingya 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
In the recent 20 years, primary vaginal adenosis is extremely rare and the data of clinical presentations, management, and outcome have not been studied systematically.
In this retrospective study, women with vaginal adenosis between January 1997 and June 2017 were identified from the hospital's medical records. Data on patient age, history, symptoms, mass location, size, diagnosis, complications, treatment, and recurrence were analyzed by SPSS 20.0.
Twenty women were histopathologically diagnosed as having vaginal adenosis (mean age, 37.9 ± 10.6 years). All patients denied utero exposure. The most common symptom was vaginal pain or abnormal bleeding. For all patients, the local vaginal lesions were surgically excised. Seven patients had complications with endometriosis. 15 patients lived without recurrence, and 1 patient underwent postoperative local recurrence after 81 months. Primary vaginal squamous cell carcinoma in another patient was confirmed to arise from adenosis; she survived with disease. The remaining 3 patients developed carcinoma of different types in varied periods of a disease-free state (5 months, 30 months, and 23 years, respectively); 1 patient died of progressive disease, and 2 patients survived with disease.
Primary vaginal adenosis is a spontaneous lesion with a propensity for late canceration. Local lesion resection is the primary treatment.
The diagnostic role of miR-122 in drug-induced liver injury
Authors: Liu Yiqi , Li Ping , Liu Liang , Zhang Yilian 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Background:
Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a potentially severe adverse drug reaction especially in susceptible patients. But there are no sensitive or specific parameters to detecting DILI. The specific expression of miR-122 in the liver has been a hotspot in the evaluation of hepatic toxicity due to its high stability and sensitivity.

Methods:
We performed a systematic literature review through July 31, 2017 to identify studies which evolved DILI patients testing miR-122 without limiting a certain drug. According to the PRISMA statement, a meta-analysis: the diagnostic role of miR-122 in DILI was made. QUADAS-2 quality evaluation table was used to evaluate the quality of the documentary evidence, PRISMA flowchart and quality evaluation table were drawn with RevMan, use Stata to calculate the sensitivity and specificity of miR-122 in diagnosing DILI, ROC curve and Deeks funnel plot were also drawn by STATA.

Results:
Eleven studies involved 194 DILI patients and 251 controls, all were tested miR-122 (fold change). Sensitivity of miR-122 in diagnosing DILI was [0.85 (95% CI, 0.75–0.91), I
2 = 53.46%] and specificity was [0.93 (95% CI, 0.86–0.97), I
2 = 65.10%], the area under ROC curve was 0.95 (95% CI, 0.93–0.97). While in acetaminophen (APAP)-induced liver injury, the sensitivity was [0.82 (95%CI, 0.67–0.91), I
2 = 65.77%] specificity was [0.96 (95%CI, 0.88–0.99), I
2 = 31.46%], AUROC was 0.97 (95% CI, 0.95–0.98).

Conclusions:
In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we found miR-122 have a high specificity in DILI, and a modest positive diagnostic effects. On the basis of the limited evidence, further research is needed to evaluate the long-term observation and more clinical data to testify miR-122 in diagnosing DILI.
Oral oxymatrine for hepatitis B cirrhosis
Authors: Jiang Xiaotao , Xie Linling , Huang Cihui , Liu Yishen , Liu Haining , Liu Binqian , Zheng Liang 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Background:
Characterized by diffuse hepatic fibrosis and nodule formation, hepatitis B cirrhosis (HBC), an important result of chronic hepatitis B development, mainly contains compensated and decompensated stage. Compensated cirrhosis can further develop into decompensated stage and hepatocellular carcinoma with serious complications and high mortality. Antiviral therapy using interferon (IFN) or nucleos(t)ide analogs (NUCs) is essential for improving the prognosis of the disease but IFN has large side effects while NUCs often develop drug resistance. Antifibrosis is also an important strategy, but currently there is no effective antifibrosis drug. Pharmacologic studies have demonstrated that oxymatrine (OM) exhibits anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV) and antifibrosis effects. An increasing number of clinical controlled studies also have found that OM combined with conventional therapy could improve the curative effect and reduce adverse events incidence in treating HBC but there is no systematic review of it. Based on the extensive collection of literature, we will use meta-analysis to assess the efficacy and safety of OM for HBC.

Methods:
PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang data, Chinese Scientific Journals Database (VIP), and China biomedical literature database will be searched to obtain the eligible studies published up to July 15, 2018. The primary outcome will be liver function indexes, liver fibrosis indexes, and Child–Pugh score. The secondary outcome will be hepatitis B virus DNA quantification, HBV DNA seroconversion rate, hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) seroconversion rate, and adverse events incidence. Data analysis will be conducted using RevMan 5.3 and Stata V.9.0 software. Trial sequential analysis (TSA) will be performed to assess the risk of random error and the validity of conclusion using TSA program version 0.9 beta.

Results:
This systematic review will provide a high quality synthesis of OM for HBC from various evaluation aspects including liver function indexes, liver fibrosis indexes and Child-Pugh score, HBV DNA quantification, HBV DNA seroconversion rate, HBeAg seroconversion rate and adverse events incidence.

Conclusion:
The systematic review will provide evidence to assess the efficacy and safety of OM in the treatment of HBC.

PROSPERO registration number:
PROSPERO CRD42018095275.
Is use of vitamin K antagonists associated with the risk of prostate cancer?
Authors: Luo Jin-Dan , Luo Jie , Lai Chong , Chen Jun , Meng Hong-Zhou 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Background:
Vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) may have potential antitumor effects in prostate cancer. However, the findings of observational studies are inconsistent. The purpose of the present study was to estimate the quantitative association between VKAs use and prostate cancer risk by combining the results of all eligible observational studies.

Methods:
PubMed and Web of Science database were searched from inception until May, 2018. A DerSimonian random-effects model was used to combine the studies. Study heterogeneity was measured using the chi-squared and I
2 statistics.

Results:
Six eligible studies were eventually included in our meta-analysis. There was an inverse but not statistically significant association between ever use of VKAs and the risk of prostate cancer (relative risk [RR] 0.84, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.70–1.01, P = .063) with large heterogeneity across studies (P < .001 for heterogeneity, I
2 = 94.6%). When analysis restricted to long term of VKAs user (>3 years), the pooled risk estimate was 0.83 (0.77–0.90) without obvious heterogeneity (P = .597, I
2 = 0.0%).

Conclusion:
This meta-analysis indicates that VKAs use may be associated with a decreased risk of prostate cancer, especially in long-term users.
Relationship of atopic dermatitis with stroke and myocardial infarction
Authors: Yuan Min , Cao Wen-Feng , Xie Xu-Fang , Zhou Huang-Yan , Wu Xiao-Mu 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Background:
Lots of previous reports have suggested a potential association of atopic dermatitis (AD) with stroke and myocardial infarction (MI). However, the result is still controversial, Consequently, we conducted this meta-analysis to estimate the relationship of AD with Stroke and MI.

Methods:
PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases were searched from inception to June 2018. Stroke and MI were considered as a composite endpoint. We calculated pooled hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Subgroup and sensitivity analysis were performed to assess the potential sources of heterogeneity of the pooled estimation.

Results:
A total of 12 articles with 15 studies involving 3,701,199 participants were included in this meta-analysis. Of these, 14 studies on stroke and 12 on MI. Pooled analysis showed participants with AD experienced a significant increased risk of stroke (combined HR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.08–1.22; P = .000) and MI (combined HR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.02–1.24; P = .014), compared with participants without AD. The risk of stroke and MI was significant both in male subjects (stroke: HR: 1.33, 95% CI: 1.14–1.56; MI: HR: 2.01, 95% CI: 1.31–3.08), but not in female subjects (HR: 1.02, 95% CI: 0.77–1.35; MI: HR: 0.98, 95% CI: 0.72–1.32). The results were more pronounced for ischemic stroke (HR: 1.16, 95% CI: 1.13–1.19) in the stratified with stroke type. Stratifying by AD type, the risk of stroke was significant in severe AD (HR: 1.29, 95% CI: 1.08–1.54) and moderate AD (HR: 1.11, 95% CI: 1.01–1.22) for MI.

Conclusions:
AD is independently associated with an increased risk of stroke and MI, especially in male subjects and ischemic stroke and the risk is associated with the severity of AD.
Analysis of PTEN expression and promoter methylation in Uyghur patients with mild type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Yin Liang , Cai Wei-Juan , Chang Xiang-Yun , Li Jun , Zhu Ling-Yun , Su Xiang-Hui , Yu Xue-Feng , Sun Kan 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Phosphatase and tension homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) was considered as a promising target in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) because of its negative effects on insulin resistance. Alteration in DNA methylation is thought to play a role in the pathogenesis of T2DM. The aim of the present study was to quantitatively evaluate the promoter methylation of PTEN in Uyghur patients with mild T2DM. We evaluated methylation levels in 21 CpG sites from −2515 bp to −2186 bp relative to the translation initiation site in 55 cases of T2DM and 50 cases of normal glucose tolerance (NGT) using the MassARRAY spectrometry. In addition, PTEN mRNA and protein levels were measured by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blotting to determine whether DNA methylation alterations were responsible for PTEN expression. Compared with NGT groups, the PTEN mRNA expression was significantly higher in Uyghur patients with mild T2DM groups. We also showed that PTEN protein expression was upregulated in Uyghur patients with mild T2DM groups, but the level of protein kinase B (AKT) was downregulated. PTEN methylation in T2DM patients was significantly lower than that in NGT groups. In addition, 2 CpG units demonstrated a significant difference between the NGT and Uyghur patients with mild T2DM groups. Furthermore, there was a negative association between promoter methylation and PTEN expression. Together, these findings suggest that epigenetic inactivation of PTEN plays an important role in Uyghur patients with mild T2DM. The aberrant methylation of CpG sites within the PTEN promoter may serve as a potential candidate biomarker for T2DM in the Uyghur population.