bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nuclear expansion and pore opening are instant signs of neuronal hypoxia and can identify poorly fixed brains
Authors: Dehghani Anisa , Karatas Hulya , Can Alp , Erdemli Esra , Yemisci Muge , Eren-Kocak Emine , Dalkara Turgay 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe initial phase of neuronal death is not well characterized. Here, we show that expansion of the nuclear membrane without losing its integrity along with peripheralization of chromatin are immediate signs of neuronal injury. Importantly, these changes can be identified with commonly used nuclear stains and used as markers of poor perfusion-fixation. Although frozen sections are widely used, no markers are available to ensure that the observed changes were not confounded by perfusion-induced hypoxia/ischemia. Moreover, HMGB1 was immediately released and p53 translocated to mitochondria in hypoxic/ischemic neurons, whereas nuclear pore complex inhibitors prevented the nuclear changes, identifying novel neuroprotection targets.
Copper pollution exacerbates the effects of ocean acidification and warming on kelp microscopic early life stages
Authors: Leal Pablo P. , Hurd Catriona L. , Sander Sylvia G. , Armstrong Evelyn , Fernández Pamela A. , Suhrhoff Tim J. , Roleda Michael Y. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractOcean warming (OW), ocean acidification (OA) and their interaction with local drivers, e.g., copper pollution, may negatively affect macroalgae and their microscopic life stages. We evaluated meiospore development of the kelps Macrocystis pyrifera and Undaria pinnatifida exposed to a factorial combination of current and 2100-predicted temperature (12 and 16 °C, respectively), pH (8.16 and 7.65, respectively), and two copper levels (no-added-copper and species-specific germination Cu-EC50). Meiospore germination for both species declined by 5–18% under OA and ambient temperature/OA conditions, irrespective of copper exposure. Germling growth rate declined by >40%·day−1, and gametophyte development was inhibited under Cu-EC50 exposure, compared to the no-added-copper treatment, irrespective of pH and temperature. Following the removal of copper and 9-day recovery under respective pH and temperature treatments, germling growth rates increased by 8–18%·day−1. The exception was U. pinnatifida under OW/OA, where growth rate remained at 10%·day−1 before and after copper exposure. Copper-binding ligand concentrations were higher in copper-exposed cultures of both species, suggesting that ligands may act as a defence mechanism of kelp early life stages against copper toxicity. Our study demonstrated that copper pollution is more important than global climate drivers in controlling meiospore development in kelps as it disrupts the completion of their life cycle.
Profiling inflammatory markers in patients with pneumonia on intensive care
Authors: Antcliffe David B. , Wolfer Arnaud M. , O’Dea Kieran P. , Takata Masao , Holmes Elaine , Gordon Anthony C. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractClinical investigations lack predictive value when diagnosing pneumonia, especially when patients are ventilated and develop ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP). New tools to aid diagnosis are important to improve outcomes. This pilot study examines the potential for a panel of inflammatory mediators to aid in the diagnosis. Forty-four ventilated patients, 17 with pneumonia and 27 with brain injuries, eight of whom developed VAP, were recruited. 51 inflammatory mediators, including cytokines and oxylipins, were measured in patients’ serum using flow cytometry and mass spectrometry. The mediators could separate patients admitted to ICU with pneumonia compared to brain injury with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) 0.75 (0.61–0.90). Changes in inflammatory mediators were similar in both groups over the course of ICU stay with 5,6-dihydroxyeicosatrienoic and 8,9-dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids increasing over time and interleukin-6 decreasing. However, brain injured patients who developed VAP maintained inflammatory profiles similar to those at admission. A multivariate model containing 5,6-dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acid, 8,9-dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acid, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, interleukin-6, and interleukin-8, could differentiate patients with VAP from brain injured patients without infection (AUROC 0.94 (0.80–1.00)). The use of a selected group of markers showed promise to aid the diagnosis of VAP especially when combined with clinical data.
A novel design to screen chlorogenic acid-producing microbial strains from the environment
Authors: Wang Xiao , Qin Lifang , Zhou Jia , Li Youzhi , Fan Xianwei 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe present study aimed to develop a plate-screening method, based on the specific color development of complexes formed between chlorogenic acid, a valuable plant-derived compound, and aluminum (III), to detect chlorogenic acid-producing microbial strains. Modified media with 0.75 mM aluminum chloride were developed to identify CGA-producing bacteria (based on beef extract agar medium) or fungi (based on the potato dextrose agar medium). Compared with conventional screening, the modified media let to 3.3 times more CGA producers from plants, at 90.9% selective accuracy. Novel chlorogenic acid-biosynthesizing strains included Brevibacillus borstelensis B14, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens B17, Bacillus badius B19, Sphingomonas yabuuchiae N21, Enterobacter tabaci N22, and Lodderomyces elongisporus S216 and P212. Strain S216 produced the highest chlorogenic acid yield (23.39 mg L−1). This study provides a highly efficient and low-cost tool for quick detection and subsequent identification of several newly isolated strains with chlorogenic acid-producing potential.
Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease harbour a variation of Haemophilus species
Authors: Osman Karen L. , Jefferies Johanna M. C. , Woelk Christopher H. , Devos Nathalie , Pascal Thierry G. , Mortier Marie-Cécile , Devaster Jeanne-Marie , Wilkinson Tom M. A , Cleary David W. , Clarke Stuart C. ,   AERIS Study Group, Alnajar J. , Anderson R. , Aris E. , Ballou W. R. , Barton A. , Bourne S. , Caubet M. , Cohet C. , Coombs N. , Devine V. , Dineen E. , Elliott T. , Gladstone R. , Harden S. , Kim V. , Vela S. Mesia , Moris P. , Ostridge K. , Peeters M. , Schoonbroodt S. , Staples K. J. , Tuck A. , Welch L. , Weynants V. , Williams A. P. , Williams N. , Wojtas M. , Wootton S. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractH. haemolyticus is often misidentified as NTHi due to their close phylogenetic relationship. Differentiating between the two is important for correct identification and appropriate treatment of infective organism and to ensure any role of H. haemolyticus in disease is not being overlooked. Speciation however is not completely reliable by culture and PCR methods due to the loss of haemolysis by H. haemolyticus and the heterogeneity of NTHi. Haemophilus isolates from COPD as part of the AERIS study (ClinicalTrials - NCT01360398) were speciated by analysing sequence data for the presence of molecular markers. Further investigation into the genomic relationship was carried out using average nucleotide identity and phylogeny of allelic and genome alignments. Only 6.3% were identified as H. haemolyticus. Multiple in silico methods were able to distinguish H. haemolyticus from NTHi. However, no single gene target was found to be 100% accurate. A group of omp2 negative NTHi were observed to be phylogenetically divergent from H. haemolyticus and remaining NTHi. The presence of an atypical group from a geographically and disease limited set of isolates supports the theory that the heterogeneity of NTHi may provide a genetic continuum between NTHi and H. haemolyticus.
Multivalent and multifunctional polysaccharide-based particles for controlled receptor recognition
Authors: Duan Haohao , Donovan Mark , Foucher Aude , Schultze Xavier , Lecommandoux Sebastien 
Published: September 2018

AbstractPolysaccharides represent a versatile class of building blocks that are used in macromolecular design. By choosing the appropriate saccharide block, various physico-chemical and biological properties can be introduced both at the level of the polymer chains and the resulting self-assembled nanostructures. Here, we synthetized amphiphilic diblock copolymers combining a hydrophobic and helical poly(γ-benzyl-L-glutamate) PBLG and two polysaccharides, namely hyaluronic acid (HA) and laminarin (LAM). The copolymers could self-assemble to form particles in water by nanoprecipitation. In addition, hybrid particles containing both HA and LAM in different ratios were obtained by co-nanoprecipitation of the two copolymers. By controlling the self-assembly process, five particle samples with different morphologies and compositions were developed. The interaction between the particles and biologically relevant proteins for HA and LAM, namely CD44 and Dectin-1 respectively, was evaluated by surface plasmon resonance (SPR). We demonstrated that the particle-protein interaction could be modulated by the particle structure and composition. It is therefore suggested that this method based on nanoprecipitation is a practical and versatile way to obtain particles with controllable interactions with proteins, hence with the appropriate biological properties for biomedical applications such as drug delivery.
Towards improvement in prediction of iodine value in edible oil system based on chemometric analysis of portable vibrational spectroscopic data
Authors: Yan Hong , Zhang Jixiong , Gao Jingxian , Huang Yangming , Xiong Yanmei , Min Shungeng 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIodine value (IV) is a significant parameter to illustrate the quality of edible oil. In this study, three portable spectroscopy devices were employed to determine IV in mixed edible oil system, a new Micro-Electro-Mechanical-System (MEMS) Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (MEMS-FTIR), a MicroNIRTM1700 and an i-Raman Plus-785S. Quantitative model was built by Partial least squares (PLS) regression model and four variable selection methods were applied before PLS model, which are Monte Carlo uninformative variables elimination (MCUVE), competitive reweighted sampling (CARS), bootstrapping soft shrinkage approach (BOSS) and variable combination population analysis (VCPA). The coefficient of determination (R2), and the root mean square error prediction (RMSEP) were used as indicators for the predictability of the PLS models. In MicroNIRTM1700 dataset, MCUVE gave the lowest RMSEP (2.3440), in MEMS-FTIR dataset, CARS showed the best performance with RMSEP (2.2185), in i-Raman Plus-785S dataset, BOSS gave the lowest RMSEP (2.5058). They all had great improvements than full spectrum PLS model. Four variable selection methods take a smaller number of variables and perform significant superiority in prediction accuracy. It was demonstrated that three new portable instruments would be suitable for the on-site determination of edible oil quality in infrared and Raman field.
Impaired tumor growth and angiogenesis in mice heterozygous for Vegfr2 (Flk1)
Authors: Oladipupo Sunday S. , Kabir Ashraf Ul , Smith Craig , Choi Kyunghee , Ornitz David M. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractVEGF signaling through its tyrosine kinase receptor, VEGFR2 (FLK1), is critical for tumor angiogenesis. Previous studies have identified a critical gene dosage effect of VegfA in embryonic development and vessel homeostasis, neovascularization, and tumor growth, and potent inhibitors of VEGFR2 have been used to treat a variety of cancers. Inhibition of FGFR signaling has also been considered as an antiangiogenic approach to treat a variety of cancers. Inhibition of VEGFR2 with neutralizing antibodies or with pharmacological inhibitors of the VEGFR tyrosine kinase domain has at least short-term efficacy with some cancers; however, also affects vessel homeostasis, leading to adverse complications. We investigate gene dosage effects of Vegfr2, Fgfr1, and Fgfr2 in three independent mouse models of tumorigenesis: two-stage skin chemical carcinogenesis, and sub-cutaneous transplantation of B16F0 melanoma and Lewis Lung Carcinoma (LLC). Mice heterozygous for Vegfr2 display profound defects in supporting tumor growth and angiogenesis. Unexpectedly, additional deletion of endothelial Fgfr1 and Fgfr2 in Vegfr2 heterozygous mice shows similar tumor growth and angiogenesis as the Vegfr2 heterozygous mice. Notably, hematopoietic deletion of two alleles of Vegfr2 had minimal impact on tumor growth, with little effect on angiogenesis, reinforcing the importance of endothelial Vegfr2 heterozygosity. These studies reveal previously unrecognized Vegfr2 gene dosage effects in tumor angiogenesis and a lack of synergy between VEGFR2 and endothelial FGFR1/2 signaling during tumor growth.
A toolbox for multiplexed super-resolution imaging of the E. coli nucleoid and membrane using novel PAINT labels
Authors: Spahn Christoph K. , Glaesmann Mathilda , Grimm Jonathan B. , Ayala Anthony X. , Lavis Luke D. , Heilemann Mike 
Published: September 2018

AbstractMaintenance of the bacterial homeostasis initially emanates from interactions between proteins and the bacterial nucleoid. Investigating their spatial correlation requires high spatial resolution, especially in tiny, highly confined and crowded bacterial cells. Here, we present super-resolution microscopy using a palette of fluorescent labels that bind transiently to either the membrane or the nucleoid of fixed E. coli cells. The presented labels are easily applicable, versatile and allow long-term single-molecule super-resolution imaging independent of photobleaching. The different spectral properties allow for multiplexed imaging in combination with other localisation-based super-resolution imaging techniques. As examples for applications, we demonstrate correlated super-resolution imaging of the bacterial nucleoid with the position of genetic loci, of nascent DNA in correlation to the entire nucleoid, and of the nucleoid of metabolically arrested cells. We furthermore show that DNA- and membrane-targeting labels can be combined with photoactivatable fluorescent proteins and visualise the nano-scale distribution of RNA polymerase relative to the nucleoid in drug-treated E. coli cells.
Surface-modified three-dimensional graphene nanosheets as a stationary phase for chromatographic separation of chiral drugs
Authors: Candelaria Lindsay , Frolova Liliya V. , Kowalski Brian M. , Artyushkova Kateryna , Serov Alexey , Kalugin Nikolai G. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractCarbon-based stationary phases for chromatographic separation have been commercially available since the 1980s. Porous graphitic carbon liquid chromatography columns are known to be highly resistant to aggressive mobile phases and extreme pH values of solvents and eluents, an important advantage compared to conventional silica-based alternatives. In our work, we demonstrate a new variant of carbon-based stationary phases for liquid chromatography, specifically developed for chiral separation. Mesoporous three-dimensional graphene nanosheets (3D GNS), functionalized with tetracyanoethylene oxide (TCNEO) and (S)-(+)-2-pyrrolidinemethanol, demonstrate pharmaceutical-grade chiral separation of model ibuprofen and thalidomide racemic mixtures when used as Chiral Stationary Phases (CSPs), with performance parameters comparable to currently commercially available CSPs. Simple covalent attachment of functionalization groups to the surface of mesoporous three-dimensional graphene nanosheets makes these carbon-based CSPs chemically stable and up to an order of magnitude less expensive than standard silica-based analogues.
Inhibition of the gyrA promoter by transcription-coupled DNA supercoiling in Escherichia coli
Authors: Dages Samantha , Dages Kelley , Zhi Xiaoduo , Leng Fenfei 
Published: September 2018

AbstractTheE. coligyrA promoter (PgyrA) is a DNA supercoiling sensitive promoter, stimulated by relaxation of DNA templates, and inhibited by (−) DNA supercoiling in bacteria. However, whether PgyrAcan be inhibited by transient and localized transcription-coupled DNA supercoiling (TCDS) has not been fully examined. In this paper, using different DNA templates including theE. colichromosome, we show that transient and localized TCDS strongly inhibits PgyrAinE. coli. This result can be explained by a twin-supercoiled domain model of transcription in which (+) and (−) supercoiled domains are generated around the transcribing RNA polymerase. We also find that fluoroquinolones, such as ciprofloxacin, can substantially increase the expression of the firefly luciferase under the control of the PgyrAcoupled to a divergent IPTG-inducible promoter in the presence of IPTG. This stimulation of PgyrAby fluoroquinolones can be also explained by the twin-supercoiled domain model of transcription. This unique property of TCDS may be configured into a high throughput-screening (HTS) assay to identify antimicrobial compounds targeting bacterial DNA gyrase.
Caloric restriction promotes functional changes involving short-chain fatty acid biosynthesis in the rat gut microbiota
Authors: Tanca Alessandro , Abbondio Marcello , Palomba Antonio , Fraumene Cristina , Marongiu Fabio , Serra Monica , Pagnozzi Daniela , Laconi Ezio , Uzzau Sergio 
Published: September 2018

AbstractCaloric restriction (CR) is known to promote health and longevity, likely via modification of the gut microbiota (GM). However, functional and metabolic changes induced in the GM during CR are still unidentified. Here, we investigated the short- and long-term effects of CR on the rat GM using a metaproteogenomic approach. We show that a switch from ad libitum (AL) low fat diet to CR in young rats is able to induce rapid and deep changes in their GM metaproteomic profile, related to a reduction of the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and an expansion of lactobacilli. Specifically, we observed a significant change in the expression of the microbial enzymes responsible for short-chain fatty acid biosynthesis, with CR boosting propionogenesis and limiting butyrogenesis and acetogenesis. Furthermore, these CR-induced effects were maintained up to adulthood and started to be reversed after a short-term diet change. We also found that CR alters the abundance of an array of host proteins released in stool, mainly related to epithelial barrier integrity and inflammation. Hence, our results provide thorough information about CR-induced modifications to GM and host functional activity, and might constitute the basis for novel GM-based approaches aimed at monitoring the effectiveness of dietary interventions.
Conduction Mechanisms on High Retention Annealed MgO-based Resistive Switching Memory Devices
Authors: Loy D. J. J. , Dananjaya P. A. , Hong X. L. , Shum D. P. , Lew W. S. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractWe report on the conduction mechanisms of novel Ru/MgO/Cu and Ru/MgO/Ta resistive switching memory (RSM) devices. Current-voltage (I–V) measurements revealed Schottky emission (SE) as the dominant conduction mechanism in the high resistance state (HRS), which was validated by varying temperatures and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results. Retention of more than 10 years at 85 °C was obtained for both Ru/MgO/Ta and Ru/MgO/Cu RSM devices. In addition, annealing processes greatly improved the consistency of HRS and LRS switching paths from cycle to cycle, exhibiting an average ON/OFF ratio of 102. Further TEM studies also highlighted the difference in crystallinity between different materials in Ru/MgO/Cu RSM devices, confirming Cu filament identification which was found to be 10 nm in width.
Enhanced imaging – Neue diagnostische Methoden beim Urothelkarzinom
Authors: Knoll Thomas , Bach Thorsten 
Published: September 2018

ZusammenfassungDie korrekte Detektion von Blasentumoren ist die Voraussetzung zur vollständigen Resektion und damit zur Reduktion von Rezidiven, aber auch zum korrekten Staging von fortgeschrittenen und high-grade Karzinomen. Die Weißlicht-Zystoskopie stellt den Goldstandard dar und konnte durch digitale HD-Zystoskopie weiter verbessert werden. Die weiteren Verfahren zur verbesserten Bildgebung etablieren sich schrittweise. Narrow Band Imaging und S-System könnten v. a. im ambulanten Setting einen Vorteil darstellen, da keine Kontrastmittel notwendig sind. Die fotodynamische Diagnostik hat sich bereits im klinischen Setting bei der TURB, zumindest bei high-grade Karzinomen etabliert und einen gesicherten Stellenwert in den Leitlinienempfehlungen. Die Kombination von diesen makroskopischen Verfahren mit mikroskopischer Bildgebung könnte die Diagnostik verbessern. Solche neueren Verfahren wie optische Kohärenztomografie oder Konfokale Laser Endomikroskopie sind derzeit in der klinischen Evaluation. Andere Techniken bis hin zur molekularen Bildgebung stellen spannende Konzepte dar, deren Weg in die Klink aber noch lang zu sein scheint.
Long-term follow-up after endoscopic resection for superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a multicenter Western study
Authors: Berger Arthur , Rahmi Gabriel , Perrod Guillaume , Pioche Mathieu , Canard Jean-Marc , Cesbron-Métivier Elodie , Boursier Jérôme , Samaha Elia , Vienne Ariane , Lépilliez Vincent , Cellier Christophe 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Background Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) and endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) are the first-line treatments for superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). This study aimed to compare long-term clinical outcome and oncological clearance between EMR and ESD for the treatment of superficial esophageal SCC.
Methods We conducted a retrospective multicenter study in five French tertiary care hospitals. Patients treated by EMR or ESD for histologically proven superficial esophageal SCC were included consecutively.
Results Resection was performed for 148 tumors (80 EMR, 68 ESD) in 132 patients. The curative resection rate was 21.3 % in the EMR group and 73.5 % in the ESD group (P < 0.001). The recurrence rate was 23.7 % in the EMR group and 2.9 % in the ESD group (P = 0.002). The 5-year recurrence-free survival rate was 73.4 % in the EMR group and 95.2 % in the ESD group (P = 0.002). Independent factors for cancer recurrence were resection by EMR (hazard ratio [HR] 16.89, P = 0.01), tumor infiltration depth ≥ m3 (HR 3.28, P = 0.02), no complementary treatment by chemoradiotherapy (HR 7.04, P = 0.04), and no curative resection (HR 11.75, P = 0.01). Risk of metastasis strongly increased in patients with tumor infiltration depth ≥ m3, and without complementary chemoradiotherapy (P = 0.02).
Conclusion Endoscopic resection of superficial esophageal SCC was safe and efficient. Because it was associated with an increased recurrence-free survival rate, ESD should be preferred over EMR. For tumors with infiltration depths ≥ m3, chemoradiotherapy reduced the risk of nodal or distal metastasis.
Epidemiology and Clinical Forms of Primary Hyperparathyroidism: A Review
Authors: Carvalho Nara , Almeida Juliana , de Oliveira Paula , Meneses Rômulo , Mesquita Patrícia , Pimenta Flávia , Alves José 
Published: September 2018

AbstractPrimary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is a disease caused by overactive parathyroid glands with consequent hypercalcemia. However, its presentation is variable, with patients demonstrating a range from normocalcemia to severe hypercalcemic PHPT. The present study aims to perform a literature review on the epidemiology and the clinical forms of PHPT using information published in the PubMed and Cochrane databases. It describes data about prevalence, etiology, diagnosis, classic and non-classic manifestations, providing updated information on classical hypercalcemic hyperthyroidism, in addition to its normocalcemic variant.