bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Water Confinement in Disordered Aluminosilicate Subnanopores
Authors: Ohkubo Takahiro , Gin Stéphane , Collin Marie , Iwadate Yasuhiko 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe porous structure and mass transport characteristics of disordered silicate porous media were investigated via a geometry based analysis of water confined in the pores. Disordered silicate porous media were constructed to mimic the dissolution behavior of an alkali aluminoborosilicate glass, i.e., soluble Na and B were removed from the bulk glass, and then water molecules and Na were introduced into the pores to provide a complex porous structure filled with water. This modelling approach revealed large surface areas of disordered porous media. In addition, a number of isolated water molecules were observed in the pores, despite accessible porous connectivity. As the fraction of mobile water was approximately 1%, the main water dynamics corresponded to vibrational motion in a confined space. This significantly reduced water mobility was due to strong hydrogen-bonding water-surface interactions resulting from the large surface area. This original approach provides a method for predicting the porous structure and water transport characteristics of disordered silicate porous media.
A Functional Signature Ontology (FUSION) screen detects an AMPK inhibitor with selective toxicity toward human colon tumor cells
Authors: Das Binita , Neilsen Beth K. , Fisher Kurt W. , Gehring Drew , Hu Youcai , Volle Deanna J. , Kim Hyun Seok , McCall Jamie L. , Kelly David L. , MacMillan John B. , White Michael A. , Lewis Robert E. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAMPK is a serine threonine kinase composed of a heterotrimer of a catalytic, kinase-containing α and regulatory β and γ subunits. Here we show that individual AMPK subunit expression and requirement for survival varies across colon cancer cell lines. While AMPKα1 expression is relatively consistent across colon cancer cell lines, AMPKα1 depletion does not induce cell death. Conversely, AMPKα2 is expressed at variable levels in colon cancer cells. In high expressing SW480 and moderate expressing HCT116 colon cancer cells, siRNA-mediated depletion induces cell death. These data suggest that AMPK kinase inhibition may be a useful component of future therapeutic strategies. We used Functional Signature Ontology (FUSION) to screen a natural product library to identify compounds that were inhibitors of AMPK to test its potential for detecting small molecules with preferential toxicity toward human colon tumor cells. FUSION identified 5′-hydroxy-staurosporine, which competitively inhibits AMPK. Human colon cancer cell lines are notably more sensitive to 5′-hydroxy-staurosporine than are non-transformed human colon epithelial cells. This study serves as proof-of-concept for unbiased FUSION-based detection of small molecule inhibitors of therapeutic targets and highlights its potential to identify novel compounds for cancer therapy development.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Electrochemical Sensor for Detection of miRs Based on the Differential Effect of Competitive Structures in The p19 Function
Authors: Ghazizadeh E. , Oskuee R. K. , Jaafari M. R. , Hosseinkhani S. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe present study aim to design a liposomal electrochemical sensor using 1, 2-dioleoyl-3-trimethylammoniumpropane (DOTAP) and dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine(DOPE), chimeric probes and p19, it has been considered as a caliper molecule as well. Also the competitor structural hybrid (RNA) was used to detect three types of miRs in one screen printed electrode modified by gold nanoparticle (SCPE/GNP). In this purpose, the sensor signal stabilized when the cationic DOTAP-DOPE with hybrids of the chimeric probes (Stem, M-linear) sandwiched in order to detect 221–124a miRs. Given the lack of accessibility to RNA-miRs segments of chimeric probes, p19 inhibited the electrochemical reaction and shifted signal to off. After that p19 connected with the free hybrid of T-linear/21miR (just RNA) as competing for structure and the signal was shifted to ON, again. In this study, the electrochemical measurements were performed between the potentials at −0.4 V and +0.4 V with 1 mM [Fe(CN)6]-3-/4 which DOTAP-DOPE acted as an enhancer layer in the electrostatically reaction. This sensor determines as low as 0.4 fM of miRNA with high selectivity and specificity for sequential analysis of 124a-221-21 miRs in just 2 h.
Nozzle Shape Guided Filler Orientation in 3D Printed Photo-curable Nanocomposites
Authors: Kim Taeil , Trangkanukulkij Ramita , Kim Woo Soo 
Published: February 2018

AbstractHere, we report guided orientation of silver nanowires (AgNWs) in extruded patterns with photo-curable 3D printing technology. A printable conductive composite material composed of polymer matrix and silver nanowires shows significantly varied electrical properties depending on the cross-sectional shape of printing nozzles: flat or circular. The composite is designed to have highly conductive AgNWs and a dielectric polymer matrix like photo-curable methacrylate resin. The dielectric permittivity of photo-curable composite resin with 1.6 vol. % of AgNWs printed through a circular nozzle showed 27. However, the same resin showed much lower permittivity with 20 when it is printed with a flat nozzle. The cross-sectional sample morphology shows that AgNWs printed with a circular nozzle are aligned, and AgNWs printed with a flat nozzle are randomly distributed. A computational simulation of paste extrusion with two different nozzle shapes showed clearly different fluidic velocities at the nozzle exit, which contributes to different fiber orientation in printed samples. A radio frequency identification sensor is fabricated with 3D printed composite using a flat nozzle for the demonstration of AgNW based 3D printed conductor.
Deep Residual Network Predicts Cortical Representation and Organization of Visual Features for Rapid Categorization
Authors: Wen Haiguang , Shi Junxing , Chen Wei , Liu Zhongming 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe brain represents visual objects with topographic cortical patterns. To address how distributed visual representations enable object categorization, we established predictive encoding models based on a deep residual network, and trained them to predict cortical responses to natural movies. Using this predictive model, we mapped human cortical representations to 64,000 visual objects from 80 categories with high throughput and accuracy. Such representations covered both the ventral and dorsal pathways, reflected multiple levels of object features, and preserved semantic relationships between categories. In the entire visual cortex, object representations were organized into three clusters of categories: biological objects, non-biological objects, and background scenes. In a finer scale specific to each cluster, object representations revealed sub-clusters for further categorization. Such hierarchical clustering of category representations was mostly contributed by cortical representations of object features from middle to high levels. In summary, this study demonstrates a useful computational strategy to characterize the cortical organization and representations of visual features for rapid categorization.
Prevalence of hyperlipidemia in Shanxi Province, China and application of Bayesian networks to analyse its related factors
Authors: Pan Jinhua , Ren Zeping , Li Wenhan , Wei Zhen , Rao Huaxiang , Ren Hao , Zhang Zhuang , Song Weimei , He Yuling , Li Chenglian , Yang Xiaojuan , Chen LiMin , Qiu Lixia 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThis study aimed to obtain the prevalence of hyperlipidemia and its related factors in Shanxi Province, China using multivariate logistic regression analysis and tabu search-based Bayesian networks (BNs). A multi-stage stratified random sampling method was adopted to obtain samples among the general population aged 18 years or above. The prevalence of hyperlipidemia in Shanxi Province was 42.6%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that gender, age, region, occupation, vegetable intake level, physical activity, body mass index, central obesity, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus are associated with hyperlipidemia. BNs were used to find connections between those related factors and hyperlipidemia, which were established by a complex network structure. The results showed that BNs can not only be used to find out the correlative factors of hyperlipidemia but also to analyse how these factors affect hyperlipidemia and their interrelationships, which is consistent with practical theory, is superior to logistic regression and has better application prospects.
Salivary and serum androgens with anti-Müllerian hormone measurement for the diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Sathyapalan Thozhukat , Al-Qaissi Ahmed , Kilpatrick Eric S. , Dargham Soha R. , Keevil Brian , Atkin Stephen L. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractTo determine the predictive value of a raised androgen level with an elevated anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) for the diagnosis or exclusion of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a prospective cross-sectional study of 170 women (105 with PCOS type A and 65 normal) was undertaken. AMH was combined with one of, total serum testosterone (T); calculated free androgen index; salivary testosterone (salT); serum androstenedione (A); salivary androstenedione (salA). The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of AMH (>35 pmol/l) alone for PCOS were 55% and 79% respectively. The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of AMH (>35 pmol/l) with either an elevated T or raised FAI level for PCOS showed 100% specificity and a 100% positive predictive value. Conversely, diagnostic exclusion of PCOS was shown by an AMH <35 pmol/l with a normal T or FAI salivary testosterone giving 100% specificity and 100% positive predictive value. AMH with an elevated A or elevated salA level gave specificities of 87% and 94%, and positive predictive values 80% and 94%, respectively. Therefore, the combination of an AMH with a cut off of 35 pmol/l combined with a raised T and/or a FAI will confirm PCOS whilst a normal AMH with a normal T and/or FAI will exclude PCOS, thus addressing diagnostic uncertainty.
AxonDeepSeg: automatic axon and myelin segmentation from microscopy data using convolutional neural networks
Authors: Zaimi Aldo , Wabartha Maxime , Herman Victor , Antonsanti Pierre-Louis , Perone Christian S. , Cohen-Adad Julien 
Published: February 2018

AbstractSegmentation of axon and myelin from microscopy images of the nervous system provides useful quantitative information about the tissue microstructure, such as axon density and myelin thickness. This could be used for instance to document cell morphometry across species, or to validate novel non-invasive quantitative magnetic resonance imaging techniques. Most currently-available segmentation algorithms are based on standard image processing and usually require multiple processing steps and/or parameter tuning by the user to adapt to different modalities. Moreover, only a few methods are publicly available. We introduce AxonDeepSeg, an open-source software that performs axon and myelin segmentation of microscopic images using deep learning. AxonDeepSeg features: (i) a convolutional neural network architecture; (ii) an easy training procedure to generate new models based on manually-labelled data and (iii) two ready-to-use models trained from scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Results show high pixel-wise accuracy across various species: 85% on rat SEM, 81% on human SEM, 95% on mice TEM and 84% on macaque TEM. Segmentation of a full rat spinal cord slice is computed and morphological metrics are extracted and compared against the literature. AxonDeepSeg is freely available at https://github.com/neuropoly/axondeepseg.
Accuracy of Combined Computed Tomography Colonography and Dual Energy Iiodine Map Imaging for Detecting Colorectal masses using High-pitch Dual-source CT
Authors: Sun Kai , Han Ruijuan , Han Yang , Shi Xuesen , Hu Jiang , lu Bin 
Published: February 2018

AbstractTo evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of combined computed tomography colonography (CTC) and dual-energy iodine map imaging for detecting colorectal masses using high-pitch dual-source CT, compared with optical colonography (OC) and histopathologic findings. Twenty-eight consecutive patients were prospectively enrolled in this study. All patients were underwent contrast-enhanced CTC acquisition using dual-energy mode and OC and pathologic examination. The size of the space-occupied mass, the CT value after contrast enhancement, and the iodine value were measured and statistically compared. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy rate, and positive predictive and negative predictive values of dual-energy contrast-enhanced CTC were calculated and compared between conventional CTC and dual-energy iodine images. The iodine value of stool was significantly lower than the colonic neoplasia (P < 0.01). The sensitivity of conventional CTC was 95.6% (95% CI = 77.9%–99.2%), combined CTC and dual-energy iodine maps imaging was 95.6% (95% CI = 77.9%–99.2%). The specificity of the two methods was 42.8% (95% CI = 15.4%–93.5%) and 100% (95% CI = 47.9%–100%; P = 0.02), respectively. Compared with optical colonography and histopathology, combined CTC and dual-energy iodine maps imaging can distinguish stool and colonic neoplasia, distinguish between benign and malignant tumors initially and improve the diagnostic accuracy of CTC for colorectal cancer screening.
Fluorescent Holographic Fringes with a Surface Relief Structure Based on Merocyanine Aggregation Driven by Blue-violet Laser
Authors: Ji Ruiya , Fu Shencheng , Zhang Xintong , Han Xiuxiu , Liu Shuangyan , Wang Xiuli , Liu Yichun 
Published: February 2018

AbstractStability and integration are the goals for developing photonic devices. Spirooxazines have the property of photoinduced merocyanine-aggregation in polymer matrix, which can be applied to fluorescence emission and stable information storage. Although visible light coherent radiation with UV-assist has been used to achieve polarization-modulated holographic memory in spirooxazine doped PMMA films, the complexity of optical systems is increased and the aggregation ability of merocyanine is decreased. Here, we report that fluorescent holographic gratings with a surface relief structure can be inscribed in the film via sole irradiation of 403.4 nm. Time-dependent photo-anisotropy and holographic dynamics were both investigated with different power densities of the near-UV laser. The non-exponential photokinetics was explained by the sequential formation of mono- and aggregate-merocyanine molecules. The appearance of merocyanine aggregates is found to be beneficial to the long-term holographic memory with fluorescent emission. This work provides a research strategy for the integrity of storage, display and micro-fabrication of organic functional-devices.
Electrically controlled transformation of memristive titanates into mesoporous titanium oxides via incongruent sublimation
Authors: Rodenbücher C. , Meuffels P. , Bihlmayer G. , Speier W. , Du H. , Schwedt A. , Breuer U. , Jia C.-L. , Mayer J. , Waser R. , Szot K. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractPerovskites such as SrTiO3, BaTiO3, and CaTiO3 have become key materials for future energy-efficient memristive data storage and logic applications due to their ability to switch their resistance reversibly upon application of an external voltage. This resistance switching effect is based on the evolution of nanoscale conducting filaments with different stoichiometry and structure than the original oxide. In order to design and optimize memristive devices, a fundamental understanding of the interaction between electrochemical stress, stoichiometry changes and phase transformations is needed. Here, we follow the approach of investigating these effects in a macroscopic model system. We show that by applying a DC voltage under reducing conditions on a perovskite slab it is possible to induce stoichiometry polarization allowing for a controlled decomposition related to incongruent sublimation of the alkaline earth metal starting in the surface region. This way, self-formed mesoporous layers can be generated which are fully depleted by Sr (or Ba, Ca) but consist of titanium oxides including TiO and Ti3O with tens of micrometre thickness. This illustrates that phase transformations can be induced easily by electrochemical driving forces.
Dielectric properties of hexagonal boron nitride and transition metal dichalcogenides: from monolayer to bulk
Authors: Laturia Akash , Van de Put Maarten L. , Vandenberghe William G. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractHexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) and semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) promise greatly improved electrostatic control in future scaled electronic devices. To quantify the prospects of these materials in devices, we calculate the out-of-plane and in-plane dielectric constant from first principles for TMDs in trigonal prismatic and octahedral coordination, as well as for h-BN, with a thickness ranging from monolayer and bilayer to bulk. Both the ionic and electronic contribution to the dielectric response are computed. Our calculations show that the out-of-plane dielectric response for the transition-metal dichalcogenides is dominated by its electronic component and that the dielectric constant increases with increasing chalcogen atomic number. Overall, the out-of-plane dielectric constant of the TMDs and h-BN increases by less than 15% as the number of layers is increased from monolayer to bulk, while the in-plane component remains unchanged. Our computations also reveal that for octahedrally coordinated TMDs the ionic (static) contribution to the dielectric response is very high (4.5 times the electronic contribution) in the in-plane direction. This indicates that semiconducting TMDs in the tetragonal phase will suffer from excessive polar-optical scattering thereby deteriorating their electronic transport properties.
Vertically co-oriented two dimensional metal-organic frameworks for packaging enhanced supercapacitive performance
Authors: Deng Ting , Zhang Wei , Arcelus Oier , Wang Dong , Shi Xiaoyuan , Zhang Xiaoyu , Carrasco Javier , Rojo Teófilo , Zheng Weitao 
Published: February 2018

AbstractMetal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are promising materials for batteries and supercapacitors. However, random crystal orientations and low conductivity can result in poor performance. Designing a convenient method to address these issues is therefore an important challenge. Here we describe an efficient strategy to fabricate self-supported MOF wall-like architectures with uniform orientation on carbon nanowalls (CNWs) as seedbeds. In addition, we gain molecular-level insight into the interface between CNWs and MOF nanosheets using density functional theory calculations. Our results suggest that assembled ions anchor on edge carbon atoms to match the matrix of the edges of CNWs, while the remaining ions self-assemble with terminal –COOH groups on p-benzenedicarboxylic acid ligands to form the structure. Our findings demonstrate a feasible method to fabricate integrated MOF electrodes with ideal orientations and, therefore, may pave the way to unlock the inherent high performance of MOF materials towards a number of engineering applications.
Metapragmatic Explicitation and Social Attribution in Social Communication Disorder and Developmental Language Disorder: A Comparative Study
Authors: Adams Catherine , Lockton Elaine , Collins Anna 
Published: February 2018

Purpose
The purposes of this study are to investigate metapragmatic (MP) ability in 6–11-year-old children with social communication disorder (SCD), developmental language disorder (DLD), and typical language development and to explore factors associated with MP explicitation and social understanding (SU).

Method

In this cross-sectional study, all participants (
N
= 82) completed an experimental task, the Assessment of Metapragmatics (Collins et al., 2014), in which pragmatic errors are identified in filmed interactions. Responses were scored for complexity/type of explicitation (MP score) and attribution of social characteristics to the films' characters (SU score).

Results
Groups with SCD and DLD had significantly lower MP scores and less sophisticated explicitation than the group with typical language development. After controlling for language and age, the group with SCD had significantly lower SU scores than the group with DLD. Significant correlations were found between MP scores and age/language ability but not with pragmatic impairment.

Conclusions
Children with SCD or DLD performed poorly on an MP task compared with children who are typically developing but do not differ from each other in ability to reflect verbally on pragmatic features in interactions. MP ability appears to be closely related to structural language ability. The limited ability of children with SCD to attribute social/psychological states to interlocutors may indicate additional social attribution limitations.
Dysarthria in Mandarin-Speaking Children With Cerebral Palsy: Speech Subsystem Profiles
Authors: Chen Li-Mei , Hustad Katherine C. , Kent Ray D. , Lin Yu Ching 
Published: February 2018

Purpose
This study explored the speech characteristics of Mandarin-speaking children with cerebral palsy (CP) and typically developing (TD) children to determine (a) how children in the 2 groups may differ in their speech patterns and (b) the variables correlated with speech intelligibility for words and sentences.

Method
Data from 6 children with CP and a clinical diagnosis of moderate dysarthria were compared with data from 9 TD children using a multiple speech subsystems approach. Acoustic and perceptual variables reflecting 3 speech subsystems (articulatory-phonetic, phonatory, and prosodic), and speech intelligibility, were measured based on speech samples obtained from the Test of Children's Speech Intelligibility in Mandarin (developed in the lab for the purpose of this research).

Results
The CP and TD children differed in several aspects of speech subsystem function. Speech intelligibility scores in children with CP were influenced by all 3 speech subsystems, but articulatory-phonetic variables had the highest correlation with word intelligibility. All 3 subsystems influenced sentence intelligibility.

Conclusion
Children with CP demonstrated deficits in speech intelligibility and articulation compared with TD children. Better speech sound articulation influenced higher word intelligibility, but did not benefit sentence intelligibility.
Implementation of ultra‐miniaturised frequency‐selective structures based on 2.5D convoluted segments
Authors: Li Da , Li Tianwu , Li Erping 
Published: February 2018

A novel methodology for synthesising ultra‐miniaturised frequency‐selective structures (FSSs) is proposed. The methodology is based on interconnecting the convoluted segments, which are arranged alternately on both sides of the substrate. Three advantages of ultra‐compact unit cell size, independent control of filtering performance for different polarisations, and promising extension of multiband response are achieved. To verify this concept, two different structures are designed and fabricated. The first one is a single‐band FSS operating at 2.5 GHz, with a unit cell size of only (λ0/34) × (λ0/34). The second one is an ultra‐miniaturised dual‐band FSS with a band ratio of only 1.18, and its centre frequencies are located at 2.2 and 2.6 GHz. Stable dual‐polarised responses under various angles up to 60° are obtained.