bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Facile enzymatic preparation of fluorescent conjugated polymers of phenols and their application in sensing
Authors: Kiratitanavit Weeradech , Bruno Ferdinando F. , Kumar Jayant , Nagarajan Ramaswamy 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACTThe recognized drawback of utilizing metal catalysts for the synthesis of fluorescent conjugated polymers (CP) is the requirement for extensive purification to ensure complete removal of residual catalyst that would otherwise quench the fluorescence. In addition, typical synthesis of fluorescent CP involves multiple steps, monomers and solvents with varying levels of toxicity. This work demonstrates the possibility of utilizing oxidoreductase enzymes as the catalyst, for the one step polymerization of naturally occurring phenols to yield fluorescent conjugated polyphenols. The metal in the active site of the enzyme remains chelated during the synthesis allowing the polymers to be fluorescent as synthesized without the need for extensive purification. Three natural phenols, 4‐hydroxyphenylacetic acid, hydroxytyrosol, and chlorogenic acid were polymerized using Horseradish peroxidase as the biocatalyst. Spectroscopic techniques, UV–vis, Fourier transform infrared Spectroscopy–Attenuated Total Reflectance, and fluorescence, are used to characterize chemical structure and photoluminescence of these polymers. The polyphenols exhibit fluorescence with significant stokes shift in the range 30–100 nm rendering them useful in fluorescence quenching‐based sensors. Preliminary studies on use of these polymers, in the detection of nitro‐aromatic compounds in solution through using fluorescence‐quenching are also presented. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46496.
Vi‐PDMS incorporated with protein‐based coatings designed for permeability‐enhanced applications
Authors: Ma Jianzhong , Zhang Fan , Qiao Yinghuan , Xu Qunna , Zhou Jianhua , Zhang Jing 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACTFunctional polydimethylsiloxanes containing vinyl groups (Vi‐PDMS) were used for silicone‐based organic polymers in composites and adhesive formulations. Poly(butyl acrylate/methyl methacrylate/vinyl silicone oil)/casein–caprolactam [P(BA‐MMA‐Vi‐PDMS)/CA‐CPL] nanoparticles were prepared via emulsifier‐free polymerization. The well‐defined core–shell structure of P(BA‐MMA‐Vi‐PDMS)/CA‐CPL nanoparticles was verified by transmission electron microscopy. The results of scanning electron microscopy and contact angle measurements proved that the as‐obtained coatings exhibited porous and hydrophobic properties, which were helpful for superior water vapor permeability. By comparing the appearance of the coatings before and after adhesion analysis, the excellent adhesion strength was proved to be dominated by Vi‐PDMS. The relationship between interface morphology and properties of the resultant coatings was investigated in detail. The nucleation mechanism for this soap‐free emulsion synthesis was also proposed accordingly. These results could help in designing coatings with better surface properties and wider application. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46501.
Bioplastic based on 1,8‐octanediol‐plasticized feather keratin: A material for food packaging and biomedical applications
Authors: Liu Shuai , Huang Kaibing , Yu Han , Wu Fenxia 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACTKeratin without plasticizer produces fragile films. 1,8‐Octanediol (OD) was used as a plasticizer to modify keratin films in this study. Two keratins with different structures were extracted from duck feather, including reduced keratin (RK) and native keratin (NK). Formaldehyde was used as the crosslinking agent for RK to prepare crosslinked keratin (CK) films. The addition of OD toughened the CK and RK films. In particular, the plasticized CK films demonstrated good mechanical properties and had satisfactory water resistance. The water vapor permeability varied between 0.106 and 0.808 g/(m s Pa) for CK films without OD and with 0.30 g OD/g keratin, respectively, and the tensile strength decreased from 12.1 to 8.0 MPa and the elongation at break increased from 2.3% to 11.6%. Cell culture experiments suggest that OD‐plasticized NK films are biocompatible. In general, OD‐plasticized keratin films can find applications in food packaging and biomedical materials. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46516.
Color combination of polysiloxane polymer by introducing two different triphenylamine based pendent groups for electrochromism
Authors: Hao Liping , Wang Wen , Niu Haijun , Zhou Yu 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACTA novel triphenylamine (TPA)‐containing polysiloxane (PTPASi) named P(PT‐TB‐TPA)Si has been synthesized through hydrosilylation method by the reaction of poly(methylhydrosiloxane) (PMHS) with two different TPA‐based alkenes (TPAA) simultaneously for electrochromic application. The thermal stability and cycling stability of the P(PT‐TB‐TPA)Si were enhanced by grafting TPA onto polysiloxane since the force of adhesion between the P(PT‐TB‐TPA)Si film and the ITO substrate can be improved. The morphology of the polymer after electro‐oxidation was investigated and no significant change was observed revealing good stability. Otherwise, the effect of two different TPA‐based alkenes which were introduced into one polymer through covalent bond on cyclic voltammetry and electrochromic spectra was studied. The color of the polymer changed from colorless to red then to deep purple which obeys the color mixing theory and reveals multielectrochromic property. In addition, the potential switching property of the P(PT‐TB‐TPA)Si at the temperature of 150 °C has been investigated. The high thermal stability makes the polymer potential for relatively high temperature and/or long‐term cycling application. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46522.
Preparation of flexible hollow PANI/Feixu composite fibers
Authors: Li Lingyun , Zhang Hongfeng , Liu Chunjing , Yang Jinjin , Sun Donglan , Guo Yanling , Wang Xiaocong 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACTFeixu, floccule in the air, is a common phenomenon in nature, sending their seeds to distant place to reproduce. In order to make the seeds flying farther, the fibers of the Feixu are hollow and flexible. In this communication, three kinds of flexible Feixu fibers on the seeds of cynanchum, reed, and endive were used as matrix materials to synthesize conductive polyaniline (PANI) hollow composite fibers. Aniline was absorbed and polymerized on these natural materials forming flexible conductive composite fibers. The as‐prepared PANI/Feixu composite fibers show good flexibility and conductivity. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46526.
Optimization of properties in a rubber compound containing a ternary polymer blend using response surface methodology
Authors: Salvatori Pablo E. , Sánchez Gastón , Lombardi Aldo , Nicocia Esteban , Bortolato Santiago A. , Boschetti Carlos E. 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACTIn order to find the best combination of three synthetic rubbers, that is, styrene‐butadiene rubber (SBR) grade 1712, SBR grade 1721 and high‐1,4‐cis polybutadiene, that produce a compound with specific end‐use properties, a statistical experimental design is proposed in this work. The design consists of ten mixtures containing specific amounts of total styrene and BR content. A number of properties are tested in each mixture, selecting those related to requirements for the tread of a high performance tire: glass transition temperature (Tg), the ratio between the viscous modulus and the elastic modulus (tanδ@60 °C), Mooney viscosity, and the tensile properties. The values obtained for each property are fit to statistically significant models, obtaining the respective response surfaces. These are next used to define a desirable formulation with the optimal ratio of each rubber, and finally the optimized formulation is validated by comparing the experimental and predicted values for each modeled property. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci.2018,135, 46548.
Enhanced thermal conductivity and mechanical properties of hybrid MoS2/h‐BN polyurethane nanocomposites
Authors: Ribeiro Hélio , Trigueiro João Paulo C. , Lopes Magnovaldo C. , Pedrotti Jairo J. , Woellner Cristiano F. , Silva Wellington M. , Silva Glaura G. , Ajayan Pulickel M. 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACTNanocomposites based on molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), hexagonal boron nitride (h‐BN) and hybrid MoS2/h‐BN nanofillers with different wt % in elastomeric polyurethane (PU) were studied with respect to their microstructure, thermal and mechanical properties. Tensile tests showed increases up to 80% in Young`s modulus for both h‐BN and hybrid MoS2/h‐BN composites. These results agree with dynamic mechanical analysis tests, which confirm an increase of up to 106% in storage modulus for hybrid MoS2/h‐BN with 0.5 wt % content. When the hybrid MoS2/h‐BN nanofillers were incorporated into the polymeric matrix, increases up to 102% in crosslink density were observed, indicating that strong interactions between the hybrid nanofillers and PU were established. However, the most important synergistic effect between the mixture of MoS2 and h‐BN nanoadditives was the increase of up to 752% in thermal conductivity with respect to neat polymer. Therefore, hybrid composites based in two‐dimensional MoS2/h‐BN nanofillers with multifunctional attributes can be applied in advanced polymeric materials that require high mechanical and thermal performance. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46560.
Multimethod Approach to the Early Postnatal Growth of the Mandible in Mice from a Zone of Robertsonian Polymorphism
Authors: Martínez‐Vargas Jessica , Muñoz‐Muñoz Francesc , López‐Fuster María José , Cubo Jorge , Ventura Jacint 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACTThe western European house mouse (Mus musculus domesticus) shows high karyotypic diversity owing to Robertsonian translocations. Morphometric studies conducted with adult mice suggest that karyotype evolution due to these chromosomal reorganizations entails variation in the form and the patterns of morphological covariation of the mandible. However, information is much scarcer regarding the effect of these rearrangements on the growth pattern of the mouse mandible over early postnatal ontogeny. Here we compare mandible growth from the second to the eighth week of postnatal life between two ontogenetic series of mice from wild populations, with the standard karyotype and with Robertsonian translocations respectively, reared under the same conditions. A multi‐method approach is used, including bone histology analyses of mandible surfaces and cross‐sections, as well as geometric morphometric analyses of mandible form. The mandibles of both standard and Robertsonian mice display growth acceleration around weaning, anteroposterior direction of bone maturation, a predominance of bone deposition fields over ontogeny, and relatively greater expansion of the posterior mandible region correlated with the ontogenetic increase in mandible size. Nevertheless, differences exist between the two mouse groups regarding the timing of histological maturation of the mandible, the localization of certain bone remodeling fields, the temporospatial patterns of morphological variation, and the organization into two main modules. The dissimilarities in the process of mandible growth between the two groups of mice become more evident around sexual maturity, and could arise from alterations that Robertsonian translocations may exert on genes involved in the bone remodeling mechanism. Anat Rec, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Cost–utility analysis of bariatric surgery
Authors: Borisenko O , Lukyanov V , Ahmed A R 
Published: April 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe objective of the study was to evaluate the cost–utility of bariatric surgery in England.MethodsA state-transition Markov model was developed to compare the costs and outcomes of two treatment approaches for patients with morbid obesity: bariatric surgery, including gastric bypass, sleeve gastrectomy and adjustable gastric banding; and non-surgical usual care. Parameters of the effectiveness of surgery and complications were informed by data from the UK National Bariatric Surgery Registry, the Scandinavian Obesity Registry and the Swedish Obese Subjects study. Costs and utilities were informed by UK sources.ResultsBariatric surgery was associated with reduced mean costs to the health service by €2742 (£1944), and gain of 0·8 life-years and 4·0 quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) over a lifetime compared with usual care. Bariatric surgery also had the potential to reduce the lifetime risks of obesity-related cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. Delaying surgery for up to 3 years resulted in a reduction of 0·7 QALYs and a minor decrease of €2058 (£1459) in associated healthcare costs.ConclusionCurrently used surgical methods were found to be cost saving over the lifetime of individuals treated in England.
A recurrent concealed parahisian accessory pathway
Authors: Verbeet Thierry , Castro Jose , Almorad Alexandre 
Published: April 2018

Key Clinical MessageThis case demonstrates the interest of ablating in the aortic root in case of resistant parahisian accessory pathways with failure of the right side approach. Failure on the right side may be due to fear of creating an AV block of failure to ablate critical fibers in the parahisian position.
Adjustable Electrochemiluminescence from Highly Passivated CdTe/CdS Nanocrystals by Simple Surface Decoration with Counterions
Authors: He Yupeng , Hou Shifeng , Yang Liqiong , Zhang Fang , Zou Guizheng 
Published: April 2018

AbstractTunable optics and electronics of II–VI nanocrystals (NCs) is mainly achieved by using the traditional size‐dependent strategy. Herein, we show that the triggering energy (potential), intensity, and even reductive–oxidation electrochemiluminescence (ECL) spectra of highly passivated CdTe/CdS NCs of the same size can be adjusted by simply decorating the NCs with counterions, which proves that surface chemistry can bring about varied electrostatic interactions between the surface vacancies and electrochemically injected carriers for adjustable electrochemical redox induced radiative charge transfer. Potential‐resolved ECL demonstrates that increasing the surface sulfur vacancies and decreasing the surface cadmium vacancies can clearly enhance the ECL intensity and lower ECL triggering energy. All the traditional accumulated ECL spectra of CdTe/CdS NCs with various surface vacancies are close to the photoluminescence spectrum of monodisperse NCs without surface treatment, indicating the ECL spectra are mainly dominated by the CdTe core, whereas the slightly redshifted ECL spectrum of CdTe/CdS NCs with excessive cadmium vacancies indicates that the electrostatic repulsion between surface cadmium vacancies and electrons partially consumes the energy of the electrochemically injected electrons. Interestingly, spooling ECL spectra of CdTe/CdS NCs with varied surface vacancies are slightly blueshifted with negatively scanned potential, indicating electrons can be injected into conduction band of higher energy levels in a potential modulated way.
Towards Sustainable C−H Functionalization Reactions: The Emerging Role of Bio‐Based Reaction Media
Authors: Santoro Stefano , Marrocchi Assunta , Lanari Daniela , Ackermann Lutz , Vaccaro Luigi 
Published: April 2018

AbstractIn the last decade, transition‐metal catalyzed C−H functionalization reactions have progressed enormously, becoming a useful tool in organic synthesis and a practical alternative to well‐established methodologies. Very recently, research efforts have also been devoted to developing more sustainable C−H functionalization protocols, in order to increase their applicability. One of the most promising approaches in this sense is represented by the substitution of common reaction media with bio‐based solvents. In the present contribution a general perspective on the benefits of this approach is given, followed by key literature examples.
A Bis‐Triazacyclononane Tris‐Pyridyl N9‐Azacryptand “Beer Can” Receptor for Complexation of Alkali Metal and Lead(II) Cations
Authors: Brown Asha , Bunchuay Thanthapatra , Crane Christopher G. , White Nicholas G. , Thompson Amber L. , Beer Paul D. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractA new bis‐triazacyclononane tris‐pyridyl N9‐azacryptand ligand is prepared via a convenient one‐pot [2+3] condensation reaction between triazacyclononane and 2,6‐bis(bromomethyl) pyridine in the presence of M2CO3 (M=Li, Na, K). The proton, lithium, sodium, potassium and lead(II) complexes of the ligand are characterised in the solid state. Preliminary solution‐phase competition experiments indicate that the cryptand ligand preferentially binds lead(II) in the presence of sodium, calcium, potassium and zinc cations in methanol solution.
The Direct Synthesis of Imines, Benzimidazoles and Quinoxalines from Nitroarenes and Carbonyl Compounds by Selective Nitroarene Hydrogenation Employing a Reusable Iron Catalyst
Authors: Bäumler Christoph , Kempe Rhett 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe “replacement” of noble metals by earth abundant metals is a desirable aim in catalysis and a possible way of conserving rare elements. The “replacement” is especially attractive if novel selectivity patterns are observed permitting the development of novel coupling reactions. Herein, we report on a novel, robust and reusable iron catalyst, which permits the selective hydrogenation of nitroarenes in the presence of hydrogenation‐sensitive functional groups. Based on the selectivity pattern observed, the direct iron‐catalyzed synthesis of imines and benzimidazoles from nitroarenes and aldehydes becomes feasible. In addition, we introduce the direct synthesis of quinoxalines from nitroarenes and diketones applying our catalyst.
Diarylamine‐Fused Subporphyrins: Proof of Twisted Intramolecular Charge Transfer (TICT) Mechanism
Authors: Kise Koki , Hong Yongseok , Fukui Norihito , Shimizu Daiki , Kim Dongho , Osuka Atsuhiro 
Published: April 2018

AbstractDiarylamine‐fused subporphyrins 1 a and 1 b were synthesized from β,β‐diiodo‐meso‐chloro subporphyrin 2 through a one‐pot procedure involving nucleophilic aromatic substitution and SRN1‐type intramolecular fusion reaction as the first example of meso‐nitrogen‐embedded subporphyrin. While non‐fused counterparts 3 b and 4 b display effective fluorescence quenching due to twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT) in CH2Cl2 at room temperature, 1 b emits fluorescence with ΦF=0.18 under the same conditions, because conformational twisting is not allowed due to the fused structure. In addition, the oxidative titration with tris(4‐bromophenyl)ammoniumyl hexachloroantimonate gave cation radical 7 for 1 a and cation radical and dication for 1 b. Actually, cation radical 7 was isolated through separation over silica gel column but was found to slowly decompose in concentrated solutions.
A data‐based optimal setting method for the coking flue gas denitration process
Authors: Li Yaning , Wang Xuelei , Liu Zhenjie , Bai Xiwei , Tan Jie 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThis study focuses on developing an optimal setting method for the first integrated coking flue gas desulphurization and denitration device in China. Maintaining the denitration process in a state of optimal economic efficiency has become an issue in production optimization control. This paper proposes a data‐based two‐stage nonparametric optimization method to optimize the operation of the denitration process. A principal component regression (PCR)‐based multiple case fusion case‐based reasoning (CBR) method is proposed to obtain the initial optimization set points. To overcome the steady‐state modelling difficulties associated with the process, a local modelling method for the coking flue gas denitration process is developed using an improved just‐in‐time learning (JITL) algorithm. Taking the preset values obtained above as the initial value of an active set algorithm, the optimization problem can be solved in a timely and precise manner. The intelligent setting software has been developed for running industrial applications, and the results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed optimization approach.
Anionic Copolymerization of Carbonyl Sulfide with Epoxides via Alkali Metal Alkoxides
Authors: Zhang Cheng‐Jian , Yang Jia‐Liang , Hu Lan‐Fang , Zhang Xing‐Hong 
Published: April 2018

AbstractCarbonyl sulfide (COS), an analogue of carbon dioxide (CO2), can be converted to CO2 via the carbonic anhydride enzymes widely existing in nature. COS is an ideal monomer for making poly(monothiocarbonate)s, which are difficult to synthesize by traditional methods. Herein, for the first time, we describe an anionic copolymerization of COS with epoxides using alkali metal alkoxides as the catalysts (initiators), affording poly(monothiocarbonate)s with 100% alternating degree, >99% tail‐to‐head (T‐H) content, high number‐average molecular weights (Mns, up to 90.3 kg/mol) with narrow molecular weight distributions (Đ=Mw/Mn, 1.05—1.31 for COS/propylene oxide copolymers) under solvent‐free and mild conditions. Oxygen‐sulfur exchange reaction (O/S ER), which can result in the production of contaminated dithiocarbonate and carbonate units in the main chain, was nearly completely depressed at 0 oC. In addition, in contrast to previously reported salen chromium (iron) complexes that required multiple synthetic steps, this work provides simple, low‐cost, and effective catalysts for making colorless sulfur‐containing polymers.
The state of survivorship care in radiation oncology: Results from a nationally distributed survey
Authors: Frick Melissa A. , Rosenthal Seth A. , Vapiwala Neha , Monzon Brian T. , Berman Abigail T. 
Published: April 2018

BACKGROUNDSurvivorship care has become an increasingly critical component of oncologic care as well as a quality practice and reimbursement metric. To the authors' knowledge, the current climate of survivorship medicine in radiation oncology has not been investigated fully.METHODSAn institutional review board‐approved, Internet‐based survey examining practices and preparedness in survivorship care was distributed to radiation oncology practices participating in the American College of Radiology Radiation Oncology Practice Accreditation program between November 2016 and January 2017. A total of 78 surveys were completed. Among these, 2 were nonphysicians, resulting in 76 evaluable responses.RESULTSRadiation oncologists (ROs) frequently reported that they are the primary provider in the evaluation of late toxicities and the recurrence of primary cancer. Although approximately 68% of ROs frequently discuss plans for future care with survivors, few provide a written survivorship care plan to their patients (18%) or the patients' primary care providers (24%). Patient prognosis, disease site, and reimbursement factors often influence the provision of survivorship care. Although ROs report that several platforms offer training in survivorship medicine, the quality of these resources is variable and extensive instruction is rare. Fewer than one‐half of ROs believe they are expertly trained in survivorship care.CONCLUSIONSROs play an active role within the multidisciplinary team in the cancer‐related follow‐up care of survivors. Investigation of barriers to the provision of survivorship care and optimization of service delivery should be pursued further. The development of high‐quality, easily accessible educational programming is needed so that ROs can participate more effectively in the care of cancer survivors. Cancer 2018;124:2653‐60. © 2018 American Cancer Society.