bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Samfundet som teater - Fra Caesar til Silvio
Authors: Bonde Hans 
Published: February 2018

Med eksempler fra bl.a. det antikke Rom, det gamle Grækenland og nutidens valg af populistiske stjerner til politiske poster behandler artiklen tendensen til teatralisering af politikken. Society as theatre from Caesar to Silvio During the present period we are witnesses to yet another chapter in the tendency towards the theatricalisation of politics. People wish to be represented not by a stick-in-the-mud with political acumen and devoid of charisma but by actors. Where the USA has its actors and sports personalities entering politics, Italy has the opposite – politicians who provide the populace with theatre instead of an exchange of political opinions. If we cannot simply regard the development in Italy as a harmless special case, it is because the country, and not least Rome itself, has throughout its history provided a norm and a form for the association between aesthetics and politics. This article traces the Italian tendency towards the marriage of aesthetics and politics from ancient Rome, to Catholicism, to fascism and on to the modern Berlusconi regime.
Fotballkamp paa Grus og græs i Kristiania
Authors: Fretland Frode 
Published: February 2018

Artiklen omhandler udviklingen i fodbold i Kristiania, med særlig fokus på fodboldbaner.

Frode Fretland: Footballmatches on grass and gravel in Christiania
This article will focus on the development of football and football grounds in the Norwegian capital Christiania until 1922. Questions about grounds for football have always been a central issue in the history of football in Norway. Due to difficult topography and the cold and wet climate in wintertime it has always been problematic to establish proper surfaces. In spite of bad facilities, association football has for a long time been the most popular sport, not in the capital alone, but all over the country. Football was from the very beginning seen as a way to offer children and young people a healthy and playful time of recreation in a natural environment. The municipal authorities of Christiania supported this by building grounds. Most of them were smaller gravel grounds (playing fields) in connection with schools, but only a few grounds were of good standard and had the right size for serious football matches. Really good football was played at full-sized grass pitches, but in Norway it was common until the end of 1910s to have gravel pitches only. When the national team played against Sweden and Denmark they always had difficulties playing well at the grass grounds because they were not used to it. At last, from 1918, a new grass ground near Christiania made it possible for the best local teams and the national team to train and play matches on a proper surface. This was followed by the first victories over Denmark and Sweden.
Kommunal idrætspolitik. Hvorfor forskelle mellem kommunerne?
Authors: Ibsen Bjarne 
Published: February 2018

Artiklen beskriver kommunernes idrætspolitik og forklarer forskellene derpå mellem kommunerne. Derudover tager artiklen også sigte på at vurdere, hvilke konsekvenser kommunalreformen vil få for idrætspolitikken i kommunerne.

Bjarne Ibsen: Sport politics at municipal level
The aim of the article is to describe the policies and the politics for sport and physical activities at the municipal level in Denmark. Further it aims at explaining the differences between the municipalities and estimating the consequences of the municipal reform for the sport politics in the future. The first part of the article shows that there are considerable differences between the municipalities in Denmark regarding formal sport politics (principles for the sport politics adopted by the municipal council), municipal initiatives to promote physical activity among inactive children and adults, the number of sports facilities, the economic costs for sport and leisure and the administration of sport in the municipality. The second part of the article is an analysis of two hypotheses that aims at explaining the differences between the municipalities. The first hypothesis suggests that the differences are due to variations among the municipalities in the interest of and attitudes towards sport among the inhabitants and the politicians. In the second – competing – hypothesis the explanation is the specific conditions for the municipality; the number of inhabitants and the economic possibilities. A multiple regression analysis confirms the second hypothesis. In the light of these results we can expect that the reform of the municipalities – with bigger municipalities – will lead to more proactive sport politics, with an emphasis on the value of sport for welfare and integration, unlike a more traditional reactive politics with an emphasis on self-determination and cultural values.
Integration i dansk kvindehåndbold. Slagelse FH og Aalborg DH som cases
Authors: Agergaard Sine , Andersen Line Vindbæk 
Published: February 2018

Artiklen undersøger med udgangspunkt i Slagelse FH og Aalborg DH, klubbernes strategier for integration af udenlandske spillere.

Sine Agergaard and Line Vindbæk Andersen: Integration in Danish Women Handball. Slagelse and Aalborg handball clubs as cases
Image, krop og maskulinitet. Mediediskurser om skihoppere
Authors: Pfister Gertrud , Jeppesen Rikke Schou 
Published: February 2018

Artiklen beskriver og forklarer de forandringer, som sporten har gennemgået, og den indflydelse, som disse forandringer har haft på udøvere og på deres kroppe og images. Der er særlig fokus på mediernes rolle i forhandlingen om konstruktion af ambivalente maskulinitetsformer. Gertrud Pfister & Rikke Schou Jeppesen: Images, Bodies and Masculinities. Media discourses about Ski JumpersToday ski jumping can be considered a typical media sport: it has very few participants and no basis to become a »sport for all« movement. Nevertheless, the few specialists and their main events attract masses of spectators and great media attention. The high demands of skill and strength as well as the danger involved have made ski jumping a typical male sport. Since its beginnings in the 19th century a ski jumper was looked upon as the epitome of »true manhood«. Today ski jumpers are celebrities with fragile egos, skinny bodies, boyish looks, ambivalent masculinities and fan communities of teenage girls. With a constructivist theoretical approach, we will describe and explain the changes that have taken place in ski jumping and the effects of these changes on the athletes, their bodies, their images and their masculinities. The focus will be on the media representation of two German ski jumpers, Martin Schmitt and Sven Hannawald who dominated this sport between 2000 and 2003. Sources are the articles about these athletes in 6 German print media. With a qualitative content analysis, we explore the media coverage of ski jumping and the way the athletes are presented. The correlations between the images and the »doing gender« of the athletes and their presentations in the media along with the role of the media in constructing new and ambivalent masculinities will be the key issues of this article.
Fitness på markedet - Om konstruktionen af ´det enkelte individ´
Authors: Eichberg Henning 
Published: February 2018

Artiklen belyser ved brug af historien og den sociale virkelighed om fitnesskulturen i Danmark, nogle filosofiske dilemmaer af teorien om den fitness-trænede individ. Throughout the past decades, fitness training has obtained more and more significance both in the world of sports and in health promotion. At the same time, it became a source of sociological and philosophical myths about the so-called ‘individualization’, which is said to dominate current society. The relation between health and individual appearance has contributed to the perspective of ‘individual self-building’.This article tests critically the thesis of individualization, by applying configurational analysis to fitness activities in America and in Nordic countries. The social space and time of human movement in fitness clubs, their emotions and atmospheres, inter-bodily relations and reifications tell, indeed, something about the work of ‘the individual’ on its own body, but also about inter-personal dimensions as well as about the powerful superstructures of the market and of public health policy. The question arises whether one can talk about a current ‘fitness movement’. Or does the social-cultural term of ‘movement’ describe something other? Anyway, ‘individualization’ shows as a problematic concept. But the study opens up for an understanding of individualizations in plural, each dependent of different historical periods and societal frameworks. By pluralization of concepts and of awareness, one meets different cultures of fitness, diverse cultures of health, manifold cultures of obesity…
Hvor skal de foreningsløse børn gå hen og dyrke idræt efter skoletid?
Authors: Østergaard Charlotte 
Published: February 2018

Artiklen problematiserer, hvorfor der er stort politisk fokus på, at såkaldte foreningsløse børn skal blive medlem af idrætsforeningerne. Dette med afsæt i de værdier, foreningsidrætten tillægges. Denmark has a tradition of children participating in club organized sport. However, some children of mainly socially disadvantaged and immigrant backgrounds are not joining. Policy makers want to integrate these children into clubs and associations. The results of an empirical study done in connection with my doctoral dissertation show that club sport is not the most optimal setting for this group of children. The results presented in this article are based on two sports projects that offer sports activities at school after school hours. Interviews with schoolteachers responsible for these afterschool sports projects show that the competition and ranking logic dominating club sports do not match the needs of socially disadvantaged children. The study shows that sports projects at school are successful in capturing and retaining the children, because they are based on a different logic. Furthermore it turns out that parents of immigrant children have confidence in the school as an institution, a trust they exhibit by allowing their children to participate in the sports activities organized at school.
Når det omsorgsfulde menneske spænder ben. Om paradokset i implementeringen af sund livsstil blandt udsatte borgere
Authors: Nielsen Stine Frydendal 
Published: February 2018

Artiklen diskuterer spørgsmålet: Hvordan påvirker det sociale møde mellem kommunalt ansatte og borgere implementeringen af sundhed og fysisk aktivitet? Artiklen er baseret på et specialet: 'Det sympatiske paradoks i mødet mellem system og borger'. When the meeting between the social worker and the socially exposed citizen frames the process of implementing physical activity, it becomes obvious how this meeting is affected by opposite attitudes towards the steering which influences the social meeting. The knowledge of health promotion among the social workers is taken for granted by the management. Therefore no education on this subject is provided for the employees. Consequently unevenness occurs in the role allocation between the social workers and the citizens despite an effort to meet the citizen at his level. This has an inhibiting effect on the implementation of physical activity. It is forgotten that not only is the self-steering of the citizens important, but also the self-steering of the social workers. In the process of implementation the employees have been neglected. This affects the process of change among the socially exposed citizens.
Leg, latter og produktion – fra historie og sociologi til filosofiske spørgsmål
Authors: Eichberg Henning 
Published: February 2018

The historiography of play is manifold. It treats among others the roots and traditions of games, the carnivalistic culture of laughter and its repression, and the sportization of play in modern society as well as its pedagogization. Underexposed are the parcellation and technologization of play, new games and the recent instrumentalization of play in connection with health concerns and obesity panics. The sociology of play is – or should be – manifold, too. As sociology includes social stratification, difference and distinction, the oppositional dimension of popular laughter and its repression, tensions between idealized play and “dark play”, gender differences, play and social movements, and play and aging deserve attention. This implies that history is not just one, and sociology ditto. Their overlaps and interlacing hint towards combined historical-sociological humanist studies, which are interested in human bodily practice and movement culture both under the aspect of change and distinction. This leads to critical questions about some established terms and interpretations – and it is here that philosophy enters the scene. While history may be oriented towards answers about change, and sociology towards answers of differentiation and distinction, philosophy is steered by the need of fundamental questions. Play research can be a challenging case.
Sindhu Raja-legenden og buddhismen i Bhutan
Authors: Koed Hans Krab 
Published: February 2018

The purpose of this article is to show how a old form of Buddhism integrated with the local cult in the remote country of Bhutan in the Himalaya. How the former gods and demons were not unly subdued, but also convinced to fight for the new belief. They were not destroyed but converted and at the same time degraded. In accordance with geomantism the monasteries are to be built where they have the greatest effect. The physical presence of the monasteries symbolizing the capture of the demoness, whose body constitutes the country. It is all described in the legend of King Sindhu Raja, whose conversion is connnected with his recovering from a dangerous illness. Padmasambhava, the great buddhist and tantric yogi from Tibet, is called to Bhutan to fight the demon who has stolen the life force of the King. As he succeeeds in the fight, the king and country is converted. The fight persists until this day in Bhutan's version of Vajrayana Buddhism, the hBrug-pa school, as the old gods and demons still have to be reminded to fight for buddhism. For this purpose they have tantric rituals connected with exorcism like in the case of the legend of Sindhu Raja, where the King's stolen soul was freed by means of meditation and magic by the great mahasiddha Padmasambhava. Thus the connection between myth and history shows us the function of the culture hero who created social order and organized the country as an independent Buddhist kingdom by means of the sindhu Raja-legend.
Augustins vurdering af Rom og romerne
Authors: Larsen Bent Dalsgaard 
Published: February 2018

Saint Augustine's judgement of Rome and the Romans operates on different levels. He criticizes comtemporary society, e.g., for its education and its ludi scaenici, and he refers to Christianity as leaven in society (epist. 138) and to the christian community of Acts 4, 31-35 as a model (the Rule). But his main censure is directed against Republican Rome as concept of Rome because of its libido dominandi, its aviditas gloriae and its false cult and political religion. The ancient Rome was, on grounds of principle, not able to furnish the moral basis necessary to every society. This problem Augustine consideres in the more general and comprehensive theological perspective of the two ciuitates: any effort to build a society on human forces alone (secundum hominem) is futile and will result in an anti-society, whereas a life according to God's will (secundum Deum) - and this alone - is truly social. But ontologically speaking, the evils of Rome and the Romans were not substantial, but evils of the will, and the ordo naturalis has not been totally destroyed. However, it is only by God's grace in christ that man van be restored, and justice and peace in society and between nations must have its sosurce in the justice and peace of God according to the order of Matthew 6,33.
Gibbons syn på forholdet mellem Rom og de kristne
Authors: Christiansen Erik 
Published: February 2018

Edward Gibbon is often quoted for stating Christianity as the main cause for the fall of the Roman Empire, although a proper reading of his book proves that Christianity - or rather "the abuse of Christianity" - to him is only one of several "secondary" causes. In the main this article os a presentation of Gibbon's view on early Christianity and the persecutions of the Christians (chapters XV-XVI). I conclude by saying that Gibbon has a distance to Christianity which enabled him to see how and why the non-Christian surroundings and the Roman authorities reacted as they did, as often overlookedd but very important point of view, which actually makes Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire - in spite of its age - much more in conformance with present scholarly debate on the question that many contributions published in between.
Religion og politik i den unge danske enevældes selvforståelse
Authors: Stenbæk Jørgen 
Published: February 2018

Denne artikels fortolkning af forholdet mellem religion og politik i selverkendelse af det tidlige danske arvelige enevælde er baseret på to typer af tekster, nemlig på den ene side lovtekster og på den anden side tekster fra ceremonier om kongens egen person, primært kroningsceremoni. Man registrerer en lille spænding mellem den lovgivende og den kirkelige forståelse af enevælden, men karakteristisk for begge typer af tekster er, at de specifikt bundet Kongen til lutherske kristendom som defineret af den augustinske bekendelse. Kongen havde ingen myndighed over den lutherske Creed, men det var hans pligt at sørge for, at hans undersåtter forblev tro mod denne Creed.
Den Jerusalemitiske tempelkult iflg. Jesaja 1, 10-17
Authors: Gottlieb Hans 
Published: February 2018

1,10-17 is the oldest text which provides a more subtle insight into the cult of the Yahweh Temple in Jerusalem. It is therefore an appropriate source for describing this cult. As an introduction, the sacrificial terminology of th text is analysed, specifically zæbah, ‘ôlâ, minhâ and qetoræt. Concerning qetoræt it is concluded that the word does not denote the smoke of sacrifice, but the incense, which simultaneously symbolizes and veils the presence of the god during the ceremony. The text is thereafter confronted with the modern-day interpretation of the cult. It is demonstrated that a series of aspects, which research has found in the antique conception of the cult, i.e. sacrifice as engendering fellowship, as a gift to the god, as food for the god, are more or less clearly present in the text. The text is supplemented with Mi 6,7, which mentions sacrifice of the first born, sinoffering and human sacrifice. Concerning human sacrifice, the idea that it should not be considered a legitimate part of the official Yahweh Cult during times of distress is rejected. In conclusion, the description of various aspects of the antique conception of sacrifice in the research literature is returned to. It is claimed that the text as a whole can be considered a rejection of the conception of sacrifice as a religious duty. The rejection is due to the fact that Isaiah and his contemporaries were agreed that purity is a prerequisite of correct sacrifice, but were in disagreement as to the nature of purity. Purity for Isaiah is an ethical conception, i.e. to do what is right. Isaiah places emphasis upon the social side of ethics in the text here.
Impact des paysages éoliens sur l’expérience touristique
Authors: FORTIN Marie-José , DORMAELS Mathieu , HANDFIELD Mario 
Published: February 2018

Depuis quelques années, les États cherchent à diversifier leurs sources d’énergie par le développement de nouvelles formes de production de masse, afin de limiter l’exploitation des usines thermiques au charbon, au pétrole ou nucléaires. Cette tendance a mis de l’avant de nouvelles technologies, comme celle de l’éolien, qui ont des répercussions notables sur les territoires et les paysages. Ces développements soulèvent notamment des questions en termes de durabilité et d’influence sur les activités existantes comme le tourisme. En effet, la beauté des paysages et des panoramas compte parmi les principales ressources – sinon la principale dans bien des cas – sur lesquelles est construite l’attractivité touristique d’une région. La question se pose donc toujours de savoir si l’implantation de turbines de grande taille ne modifiera pas le paysage à tel point que cette attractivité et, par extension, l’économie touristique s’en trouveraient affectées. Les études sur les impacts du développement éolien ont fait l’objet de nombreuses publications ces dernières années, mais celles sur leurs conséquences sur le tourisme se font plus rares. Celles recensées suggèrent qu’il n’y a pas nécessairement d’incompatibilité entre ces deux secteurs, quoiqu’elles mettent en évidence un impact mineur de ces infrastructures sur les perceptions des touristes. L’objectif de la présente recherche était de mesurer, par une étude quantitative, l’impact des éoliennes sur la représentation que des touristes se font de la Gaspésie et de ses paysages, pour ainsi saisir si l’attractivité de cette région s’en trouve modifiée. Le cadre d’analyse repose sur trois concepts principaux que sont le « paysage », en tant que ressource pour le tourisme, et « l’horizon d’attente » qui, conjointement avec le « champ d’expérience », permettent l’intégration des pratiques touristiques dans un ensemble plus large socialement et temporellement. Bien que les résultats d’enquête fassent ressortir des nuances quant à l’influence de l’emplacement des éoliennes, cette recherche confirme que leur présence a en réalité peu d’impact sur l’expérience touristique et sur le désir de fréquentation future.
Constructivismes en études ethniques au Québec
Authors: Genest Sylvie 
Published: February 2018

Dans le domaine de la recherche sur l’ethnicité, la notoriété de Fredrik Barth n’est plus à faire. La reconnaissance qu’on lui témoigne à travers le monde depuis une cinquantaine d’années paraît inaltérable. Elle ne porte toutefois que sur quelques aspects très ciblés de son travail qui s’est finalement cristallisé autour de la notion de frontières (1969). Il est probable qu’une perspective aussi étroite ait contribué non seulement à une réduction de la pensée de Barth, mais aussi à la perte d’une certaine densité de la pensée constructiviste dans l’étude de l’ethnicité. Ma proposition consiste à montrer que la métaphore des frontières est un outil puissant indispensable à la modélisation des systèmes ouverts. Cette démonstration me permet deux choses : d’abord, de fournir quelques arguments à l’appui de mon hypothèse de l’engagement de Barth dans un constructivisme respectueux de tous les préceptes de la démarche systémique ; et de convaincre ensuite le lecteur de l’importance pour les études ethniques de fonder sur de meilleures assises la construction des connaissances qu’elles diffusent au sujet des différences humaines. La démarche dans son ensemble peut être considérée comme un plaidoyer pour une meilleure épistémologie des études ethniques, notamment dans le riche contexte des études ethniques à Montréal et au Québec.