bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regulatory Modeling of Pesticide Aquatic Exposures in California's Agricultural Receiving Waters
Authors: Xie Yina , Luo Yuzhou , Singhasemanon Nan , Goh Kean S. 
Published: September 2018

For the aquatic exposure assessment of pesticides, the USEPA uses the Variable Volume Water Model (VVWM) to predict the estimated environmental concentrations (EECs) of a pesticide in a water body that receives runoff inputs from the Pesticide Root Zone Model (PRZM). The standard farm pond and additional generalized static and flowing water bodies used in endangered species assessment (aquatic bins) are used by USEPA to model the worst‐case aquatic exposure for the nationwide exposure assessment. However, whether or not model results are relevant to state‐specific conditions has not been validated. In this study, the USEPA water body scenarios are examined for their capability of providing a conservatively realistic estimate of pesticide aquatic exposures in California's agricultural settings. The sensitivity of modeled EECs to key water body parameters (dimensions, flow, and mass transfer) was explored with a one‐at‐a‐time approach by using the standard farm pond as a baseline. The EECs generated from different USEPA water bodies for the worst‐case loading were compared with the monitoring data observed in California's agriculturally influencing water bodies. Results showed that the farm pond EECs well captured the worst‐case monitoring data, whereas the aquatic bins EECs, especially the flowing bins, tended to overestimate data. The conceptual model of the standard farm pond was also found to be relevant to the highly vulnerable water bodies in California's agricultural areas. The study confirms that VVWM with the standard farm pond scenario is appropriate for the screening‐level regulatory exposure assessment in California's agricultural settings.Core Ideas
Protectiveness of exposure modeling with the USEPA farm pond is verified in California.
The sensitivity of model results to key water body parameters is explored.
The USEPA farm pond well captures worst‐case exposure in California's agricultural settings.
The farm pond better reproduces the worst‐case monitoring data than endangered species bins.
Prevalence of Latent Tuberculosis (LTB) Among Pregnant Women in a High Burden Setting in Sudan using Interferon Gamma (IFN- γ) Releasing Assay (IGRA)
Authors: Yassin Khalid , Ahmed Elbashir G.E. , Musa Abdualmoniem O. , Hamdan Hamdan Z. , Abuzied Nadir , Fagear Asma A. , Adam Gamal K. , Abdalla Tajeldin M. , Ali AbdelAziem A. 
Published: September 2018

Background:
Accurate timing for diagnosis and treatment of latent tuberculosis (LTB) is important to reduce morbidity and mortality for both mother and child.

Objectives: To investigate the prevalence rate of LTB and its associated factors during pregnancy
using gamma interferon (IFN- γ) release assay (IGRA).

Methods:
A cross-sectional facility-based study carried out in Kassala hospital, Eastern Sudan between
January and March 2015.

Results:
Two hundred and forty-nine women were enrolled in this study and 18.1% (45/249) had
confirmed positive for M. tuberculosis infection using IGRA. The mean age, parity and gestational
age of the LTB patients were 29.6 (4.4), 2.2 (1.2) and 21.9 (8.8), respectively. The vast majority of
these patients was of rural residence (72.7%), housewives (91.1%) and illiterate (73.3%). More than
half (25, 55.6%) gave a history of contact with tuberculosis patients, 26.7% (12/45) were vaccinated
and 11.1% (5/45) had a medical history of diabetes mellitus. In logistic regression model, while age,
parity, education, occupation, size of family members, smoking, BCG status and medical history of
diabetes mellitus were not associated with latent tuberculosis during pregnancy, history of contact
with TB patients (OR=13.5; CI=5.6 to 32.5; P<0.001) and rural residence (OR=0.3; CI=0.1 to 0.7;
P=0.006) was significantly correlated to LTB in pregnancy.

Conclusion:
Thus, screening of all pregnant women living in high burden setting of tuberculosis is
recommended even in the absence of overt clinical signs of the disease.</P>
Status, Challenges, and Perspectives of Mainstream Nitritation–Anammox for Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Li Xiaojin , Klaus Stephanie , Bott Charles , He Zhen 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACT: The nitritation–anammox process is an efficient and cost‐effective approach for biological nitrogen removal, but its application in treating mainstream wastewater remains a great challenge. Mainstream nitritation–anammox processes could create opportunities for achieving energy self‐sufficient, or energy‐generating water resource recovery facilities. Significant advancements have been achieved via pilot‐ and full‐scale trials to overcome the major obstacles under mainstream conditions, such as repression of nitrite‐oxidizing bacteria, limiting the overgrowth of denitrifiers, and effective selection and retention of ammonia‐oxidizing bacteria and anammox bacteria. This review paper intends to provide a detailed update of research progress on mainstream nitritation–anammox processes, discuss metabolic interactions, and examine major challenges and possible solutions towards the future development.
Assessing the Effects of RAS Fermentation on EBPR Performance and Associated Microbial Ecology
Authors: Coats Erik R. , Eyre Karina , Bryant Casey , Woodland Trevor , Brinkman Cynthia K. 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACT: Enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) is an engineered water resource recovery facility (WRRF) process configuration that can produce effluent P < 0.5 mg/L. To consistently achieve low effluent P concentrations, EBPR requires volatile fatty acids (VFAs) to induce requisite biochemical reactions. Moreover, returned activated sludge (RAS) nitrate concentrations must be minimized. Returned activated sludge fermentation can potentially address process needs. However, research detailed herein highlights concerns with RAS fermentation integrated with EBPR. Under 2 and 4 hours of RAS fermentation periods, no consequential VFA production was observed; similar results were observed in batch tests with RAS from a full‐scale EBPR WRRF. More critically, EBPR performance was poor, with average effluent concentrations of 1.0 to 2.4 mg/L. Furthermore, the glycogen accumulating organism (GAO) fraction under RAS fermentation was 4.3 to 8.7 times higher than in a conventional EBPR mixed microbial consortium (MMC). Integrated RAS fermentation‐EBPR only performed well under “high” RAS nitrate; thus, should RAS fermentation be implemented, careful control to prevent anaerobic conditions in the fermentation zone is required.
Activación selectiva del enlace carbono-flúor Un reto intelectual contemporáneo
Authors: Torres Hugo 
Published: September 2018

<div>El flúor forma con el carbono el enlace químico σ más fuerte que se conoce; si a esto añadimos el pequeño tamaño y la alta electronegatividad de este elemento, la combinación da lugar a las sorprendentes propiedades asociadas con los compuestos orgánicos fluorados (fluorocarbonos) (Banks, 1986; Thrasher and Strauss, 1994). La incorporación de grupos fluorados en moléculas orgánicas puede causar cambios dramáticos en sus propiedades físicas, en su reactividad química y en su actividad fisiológica.</div><div> </div>
Antalya Körfezi’nde Nadir Bir Balon Balığı Türü; Mavi Balon Balığı Lagocephalus lagocephalus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Authors: TEKER Serkan , GÖKOĞLU Mehmet , KORUN Jale 
Published: September 2018

Antalya Körfezi’nde şimdiye kadar L. spadiceus, L. suezensis, L. sceleratus,
Torquigener flavimaculosus, Sphoeroides pachygaster, Tylerius spinosissimus
olmak üzere 6 tür balon balığı tespit edilmiştir. Gazipaşa’da 09.01.2018
tarihinde yapılan dip paraketası avcılığı sırasında farklı bir tür balon balığı
türü daha yakalanmıştır. Yeni yakalanan bu balığın tür teşhisinde, Okyanus
Balon Balığı olarak bilinen Lagocephalus
lagocephalus (Linnaeus, 1758) olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Konya İli (Türkiye) Su Ürünleri Tüketim Alışkanlıkları Üzerine Bir Anket Çalışması
Authors: BOLAT Yıldız , CEVHER Hasan 
Published: September 2018

Bu araştırmada Konya ili su ürünleri tüketim
alışkanlıklarının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Anket, Eylül 2015-Ekim 2016
tarihleri arasında, önceden belirlenen sorular tesadüfi
olarak seçilen 128’i kadın ve 296’sı erkek olmak üzere 424 bireye yüz
yüze ve soru cevap şeklinde uygulanmıştır.
Ankete katılan bireylerin 19-24 (%27) yaş grubu ile en fazla oranda olduğu
tespit edilmiştir. Araştırmaya katılan bireylerin % 40’ının öğrenci olduğu ve
onların da % 53’ünün üniversite, % 26’sının lise mezunu olduğu saptanmıştır.
Katılımcıların %51’inin ayda bir defa su ürünleri tükettiği ve %97’sinin taze
ürünleri tercih ettiği görülmüştür. Katılımcıların su ürünlerini pişirme şekli
%60 oranda kızartma olarak belirlenmiştir.
Ankete katılan bireylerin % 47’si bütün et çeşitlerini tüketirken,
%27’sinin kırmızı eti severek tükettikleri, %13’lük bir oranın tavuk etini ve
%12’sinin de balık etini tercih ettiği görülmüş ve tüketicilerin %49 oranla
deniz balıklarını tercih ettiği tespit edilmiştir. Balık tüketim oranlarına
göre en çok tüketilen balıkların hamsi (Engraulis
encrasicolus), levrek (Dicentrarchus
labrax) ve çipura (Sparus auratus)
olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Complement protein and Immunoglobulins Serum levels in Normal Pregnant and Spontaneous Aborted Women
Authors: Abdulrahman Ahmad Hiwa , Muhammd salih Mehri Mirhaj , Ahmed Khidir Kamal 
Published: September 2018

Disorder of maternal immune responses during pregnancy triggers immunological rejection of fetus antigens by maternal immune components, contribute to spontaneous abortion or miscarriage. The study was designed to concentrated on immunoglobulins (IgM, IgG and IgA) and complement elements (C3 and C4) serum levels changes in normal pregnant and abortion women. Study groups were classified into normal pregnant women (20), spontaneous abortion (30) and non-pregnant women (16) as a control group, attending to Shahid Dr. Khalid Hospital/Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics/Koya city. Serum levels of immunoglobulins (IgG, IgM, and IgA), complement proteins (C3 and C4) were determined and analyzed for normal pregnant, abortion and control groups by using Single Radial Immunodiffusion (SRID) technique. The results demonstrated that concentration of IgG levels in abortion differed significantly in compare to normal pregnancy (p ≤0.05), while there were no significant differences in IgM and IgA serum levels among groups (p >0.05). Also, statistical analysis revealed that serum levels of C3 and C4 significantly decreased in abortion group compared to normal pregnant and non-pregnant groups (p ≤0.05). Concluded that complement proteins (C3 andC4) are a good defense line during normal pregnancy, sometime activation (hyper-consuming) of complement elements may provoke spontaneous abortion, while immunoglobulins are a little role in inducing of miscarriage in pregnant women.
European CEN-CENELEC Standardization on Material Efficiency for longer lifespan within Circular Economy
Authors: Cormenier Thierry , Patra Martial , Garnier Christophe 
Published: September 2018

The European standardization organizations (CEN, CENELEC &amp; ETSI) agreed on the request from the European Commission for drafting a series of horizontal and generic standards in the field of Material Efficiency aspects supporting the Circular Economy. This paper will describe the EU regulation context, the CEN-CENELEC standardization structure and membership, the organization setup for managing the work already started. It will describe the objectives of the 10-standard series that will be possibly for direct use by manufacturers or by CEN-CLC product Committees in charge of drafting product oriented standards as regards requirements from the EU Ecodesign Directive.A summary of the expected requirements issued from these draft documents will be presented for the different topics developed for the Material Efficiency of Energy related Products (ErPs), that will apply to equipment and systems. The general topics are the durability, the ability to re-manufacture, the ability to repair, upgrade and reuse, the recyclability and recoverability, the proportion of re-used components and recycled material, the declaration of critical raw materials, the information provided to the users of ErPs. Beyond these topics mainly covered by the standards dealing with dependability domain, a focus from functional approaches to durability assessment methods aiming how longer lifespan of products would be assessed will be presented inside this paper.Based on examples some additional information will highlight the industries and organizations to prepare the inputs optimization that could be implemented in product oriented Material Efficiency standards that would be derived from the current standardization work in process.
Egg laying pattern and the egg morphology of an ischnoceran louse, Goniocotes jirufti (Ansari, 1947) parasitizing black partridges, Francolinus francolinus (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera)
Authors: Ahmad Aftab 
Published: September 2018

The present report furnishes information on the egg laying sites, the pattern of egg laying and the nature of egg shells of an ischnoceran louse Goniocotes jirufti parasitizing black partridges, Francolinus francolinus. The louse prefers to lay eggs on the feathers belonging to back and breast region of the host. The eggs are laid on lateral plumulacious portion of the vane. The egg shell is ovoid in shape and the egg chorion is free from sculpturing and apophyses.
Nutraceutical potential of Ficus roxburghii an underutilized fruit of Sikkim Himalayas
Authors: Pandey Yamuna , Upadhyay S. , Manivannan S. , Sharma L. , Bhatt S.S. 
Published: September 2018

Ficus roxburghii, “Elephant ear fig “or wild fig is one of very popular fruits found growing wild in the hills of North Eastern and North Western Himalayan region. The fruit of wild fig has also been used as medicine by the tribal people of Sikkim and other states of India. Keeping this in view, the present study was conducted at Laboratory of Department of Horticulture, Sikkim University, Sikkim to access the different nutraceuticals properties as nutritional constituent like protein, fat, fibre, carbohydrate and energy value, mineral content viz.Ca, K, Mg, Na, Zn, Co, Mo, Fe, Mn and phytochemical content such as total phenols, flavonoid, ascorbic acid, anthocyanin and total carotenoids of F. roxburghii. The results of present study revealed that fruit of F. roxburghii contains significant amount of nutritional, mineral and phytochemical properties viz. protein (3.00±0.06%), fat (0.13±0.04%), fibre (3.06±0.02%), carbohydrate (90.81±0.44 %), energy value (376.45±1.44), Ca (23.69 ± 1.7), Mg (73.09 ± 2.1), K (819.64 ± 12.54), Mo (0.58 ± 0.06), Na (6.73 ± 1.2), Zn (0.34 ± 0.10). Fe (26.55 ± 2.8), Cu (4.22 ± 0.20), Mn (7.11 ± 0.11), total phenols (4.13±0.52 mg GAE/ G), total flavonoid (3.10±0.09 mg GAE/ G), ascorbic acid (3.36±0.27 mg GAE/ G), anthocyanin (1.13±0.15 mg GAE/ G) and total carotenoids (0.68±0.10 mg GAE/ G). It may be concluded that the fruit of F. roxburghiiis rich in nutraceuticals and must be incorporated in our balanced diet.
Allelopathic effect of Dendrocalamus stocksii (Munro.) on growth and yield of ground nut (Arachis hypogaea)
Authors: Rawat Pravin , Narkhede S S , Rane A D , Mhaiske V M , Dalvi V V 
Published: September 2018

The present study was conducted to assess allelopathic effect of Dendrocalamus stocksii (Munro.) on the growth and yield of ground nut (Arachis hypogaea). Bamboo leaf leachate was prepared by soaking the dry leaves in tap water for 24 hours in a ratio of 1:10 w/v. Using prepared leachate as stock solution the leachate of various concentrations viz., control (0%), 25, 50 and 75 and 100 per cent were prepared by adding tap water accordingly. The results revealed the concentration-dependent significant (p=0.05) inhibitory effect of bamboo leaf leachates on the germination, radicle and plumule length of groundnut in laboratory condition. The leaf leachate of 100% concentration reduced down the germination percentage (56%), radicle length (3.00 cm) and plumule length (5.36 cm) as compared to control treatment where the germination percentage (86.66%), radicle length (5.02 cm) and plumule length (12.08 cm) were maximum. Similarly, the allelopathic effect of leaf leachate on transplanted seedlings of groundnut in prepared beds inside the poly house were significantly (p=0.05) inhibitory for the test seed weight and straw yield/ha. Minimum test seed weight (430.33 g) was recorded in the treatment of 25 % concentration as compared to control (601.33 g) and straw yield per hectare in the treatment of 100 % concentration (2421.1 kg/ha) as compared to control (4729.4 kg/ha). However, the non- significant effect of leaf leachate was observed on other yield parameters i.e., number of tillers per plant, number of pods / plant, test seed weight, seed yield per plant, number of seeds per pod and grain yield per ha. Finally, it is concluded that the harmful effect of leaf leachates of Dendrocalamus stocksii is more prominent in early stage of germination, emergence of radicle and plumule etc., rather than after transplanting; it is recommended to avoid the effect of these allelochemicals in early growth stage in field condition.
Identification of microbial contaminants in drinking water samples of Ahmedabad using PCR
Authors: Bhatt Rohi T , Nagwadiya Manisha A , Chandran Sheji , Yagnik Bhupesh N 
Published: September 2018

Quality of drinking water is one of the greatest anxiety of water consumers with contamination of different pathogenic microorganisms especially fungi and bacteria. Water-borne pathogen contamination in water resources and related diseases are a major water quality concern throughout the world. A motivation for this study was the numerous reports about these contaminations of drinking water and the associated diseases. Water samples were collected from various locations of Ahmedabad in February 2017. The samples were analyzed by 16S rDNA PCR and ITS rDNA PCR since the DNA sequence polymorphisms in the 16S ribosomal DNA and ITS rDNA can be used for the identification of bacterial and fungal species respectively. The PCR amplicons were obtained for each water samples, were sequenced and the species identity was determined using NCBI-BLAST. Bacterial species of Aeromonas, Citrobacter and E. coli along with two fungal species were obtained from municipal water supplies and parab waters. Species of Aspergillus and Penicillium represented the most common fungi in municipal water supplies. This is the first report of molecular study from drinking water facilities of Ahmedabad. This study has clearly revealed that currently, the microbiological quality of the water is inferior for drinking purpose due to bacterial and fungal contamination. This study also showed the potential PCR based identification as a rapid technique for identifying microorganisms in drinking water samples.
Effect of nutrient levels and schedule of nutrient application on the grain quality of upland rice intercropped in coconut
Authors: Raj Sheeja K , Suman B.M. , Prathapan K. 
Published: September 2018

Field experiment was conducted at Coconut Research Balaramapuram, during Kharif 2017 to study the effect of nutrient levels and schedule of application on the quality parameters of upland rice intercropped in coconut. The experiment was conducted in randomized block design (RBD) with four different nutrient levels and four different schedules of nutrient application. Quality parameters like crude protein and starch content were significantly influenced by nutrient levels. The crude protein content was found to increase with increase in N level, however starch content was found to increase up to 70 kg N and 35 kg K ha-1 and after that a decline in trend was observed. The highest crude protein content (8.38 per cent) was recorded with highest nutrient level, NPK @ 120:30:60 kg ha-1. However, lower nutrient level, NPK @ 70:30:35 kg ha-1 recorded higher starch content (85.03 per cent). Among the schedule of nutrient application, N applied in three equal splits (15 days after sowing (DAS), active tillering and panicle initiation stage), P as basal and K in two equal splits (15 DAS and panicle initiation stage) along with foliar application of 0.2 per cent zinc sulphate and 0.04 per cent sodium borate at 45 DAS recorded the highest crude protein (7.50 per cent) and starch content (84.17 per cent). The study clearly indicated that the increased level of N and K increased the protein content due to the active role of N and K in protein synthesis. However, high rate of N application decreased the starch content. In addition to the application of NPK, foliar nutrition of zinc sulphate and sodium borate at 45 DAS considerably improved the quality of grain by increasing the starch and protein content.
Evaluation of physical properties of Errandi-acrylic union fabrics
Authors: Boruah Sunita , Kalita B. Baishya 
Published: September 2018

Errandi silk has a potential of emerging as “A silk of the new millennium”. The experimental finding provides information on physical properties as well as subjective evaluations of Errandi silk -Acrylic union fabrics with twill and herringbone weave. The count and diameter of errandi silk fibre were higher than acrylic fibre and in case of woven fabrics, herringbone weave were found to have maximum value in cloth covers, weight and thickness. A comparative subjective evaluation was done based on fabric quality by the panel of 100 respondents. 100 per cent respondent opined that all the woven samples have good appearance, soft in hand and smooth in texture. It was observed that cent percent of respondents found errandi-acrylic blended union fabrics with twill and herringbone weaves were high in lustre. The costs of blended yarns and the cost of union fabrics of different proportion were got reduced in comparison to that of 100 per cent errandi-silk yarn (Rs.3000.00/kg) and controlled errandi silk fabrics (Rs.985.00/mt.). Based on the aesthetic properties such as handle, appearance, texture and lustre and considering the cost of twill and herringbone errandi-acrylic fabrics were suitable for production of fashionable wear. Thus¸ the newly designed Errandi silk with Acrylic union fabrics are unique, a new venture for the textile industry and Ericulturists.