bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Convergent evolution of hetero‐oligomeric cellulose synthesis complexes in mosses and seed plants
Authors: Li Xingxing , Speicher Tori L. , Dees Dianka C. T. , Mansoori Nasim , McManus John B. , Tien Ming , Trindade Luisa M. , Wallace Ian S. , Roberts Alison W. 
Published: April 2019

SummaryIn seed plants, cellulose is synthesized by rosette‐shaped cellulose synthesis complexes (CSCs) that are obligate hetero‐oligomeric, comprising three non‐interchangeable cellulose synthase (CESA) isoforms. The moss Physcomitrella patens has rosette CSCs and seven CESAs, but its common ancestor with seed plants had rosette CSCs and a single CESA gene. Therefore, if P. patens CSCs are hetero‐oligomeric, then CSCs of this type evolved convergently in mosses and seed plants. Previous gene knockout and promoter swap experiments showed that PpCESAs from class A (PpCESA3 and PpCESA8) and class B (PpCESA6 and PpCESA7) have non‐redundant functions in secondary cell wall cellulose deposition in leaf midribs, whereas the two members of each class are redundant. Based on these observations, we proposed the hypothesis that the secondary class A and class B PpCESAs associate to form hetero‐oligomeric CSCs. Here we show that transcription of secondary class A PpCESAs is reduced when secondary class B PpCESAs are knocked out and vice versa, as expected for genes encoding isoforms that occupy distinct positions within the same CSC. The class A and class B isoforms co‐accumulate in developing gametophores and co‐immunoprecipitate, suggesting that they interact to form a complex in planta. Finally, secondary PpCESAs interact with each other, whereas three of four fail to self‐interact when expressed in two different heterologous systems. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that obligate hetero‐oligomeric CSCs evolved independently in mosses and seed plants and we propose the constructive neutral evolution hypothesis as a plausible explanation for convergent evolution of hetero‐oligomeric CSCs.
Dual-band Metamaterial Filtenna for WiMAX Application
Authors: Azman Nuradlina , Mohd Yusoff Mohd Fairus , Mohd Sobri Muhammad Akram 
Published: April 2019

Filter and antenna are the most important components in transmission and receiving signal in wireless communication system. The combination of a filter and antenna was known as filtenna. In this paper, a metamaterial band-stop filter is combine with a multiband antenna to produce a dual-band metamaterial filtenna. The purpose of combining both components in one structure is to have a compact size with low transmission line losses. On the other hand, by implementing the metamaterial structure in the filter design, it has increases the overall filtenna performances. All the filtenna designs are been simulated using CST Microwave Studio software. The performances of the dual-band metamaterial filtenna are then analysed based on the S-parameter response and radiation patterns. The simulation results show that the filtenna has operates at 3.6GHz and 5.2GHz, which is mostly suitable for WiMAX application.
Reaction networks reveal new links between Gompertz and Verhulst growth functions
Authors: Markov Svetoslav Marinov 
Published: April 2019

New reaction network realizations of the Gompertz and logisticВ growth models are proposed. The proposed reaction networks involve an additional species interpreted as environmental resource. SomeВ natural generalizations and modifications of the Gompertz and the logistic models,В induced by the proposed networks, are formulated and discussed.В In particular, it is shown that the induced dynamical systems can be reduced toВ one dimensional differential equations for the growth (resp. decay) species.В The reaction network formulation of the proposed models suggest hints forВ the intrinsic mechanism of the modeled growth process and can be used forВ analyzing evolutionary measured data when testing various appropriate models,В especially when studying growth processes in life sciences.
Influence of nanoparticle dispersibility on hygrothermal properties of HNT-GFRP/BFRP nanocomposites
Authors: Park Soojeong , Choi Jisu , Lee Jinwoo , Yu Tianyu , Chen Zixuan , Kim Yunhae , Bae Changwon 
Published: April 2019

In the nanocomposite, the dispersion and bonding properties of the nanoparticles at the interfaces were major factors that were related to the physical properties of the final product. Nanoparticle aggregation mainly occurs in the dispersion process between nanoparticles and a polymer. In addition, re-aggregation phenomenon generates by large amounts of pores during curing process. In this case, it was necessary to break the physical bonds, such as the attraction between the initial nanoparticles, and achieve a smooth chemical bonding with the polymer. In this study, the effect of halloysite nanotube (HNT) dispersion on the interfacial bonding was compared and analyzed in [Formula: see text] high temperature water environment over 30 days by adding 0.5 wt.% HNT to glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP) and basalt fiber reinforced plastic (BFRP). As a result, the HNT contributed to disturbing the moisture absorption rate. It has great effect on thinner lamination part. Moreover, the thicker the lamination, the less the HNT re-aggregation occurred on the curing process. This phenomenon showed a uniform dispersion in the entire laminate area. The weight recovery rate by moisture absorption was high in the HNT-glass fiber (GF), because structural relationship between HNT and GF are larger than in epoxy resin.
Population dynamics between a prey and a predator using spectral collocation method
Authors: Thirumalai Sagithya , Seshadri Rajeswari , Yuzbasi Suayip 
Published: April 2019

The struggle for the existence of the biological species is a well-known Prey–Predator model study in the literature. In this study, we present an improved model of Jerri [J. Abdul, Introduction to Integral Equations with Applications, Vol. 10 (Wiley, New York, 1999)] by introducing the intra-species competition term between the same species in addition to the existing environmental changes and few other factors in the model. The demand from the existing (limited) resources and other requirements induces competition between the same species which may alter the survival tactics among themselves. This intra-species term provides strength to the model as it makes the model more realistic. The governing equations are a system of two nonlinear delay integro differential equations, which are solved using spectral collocation method. The role of intra-species coefficients denoting the logistic growth/decay of the two species and two other parameters affecting the population dynamics are analyzed with the three basis functions such as Chebyshev, Legendre and Jacobi polynomials. With the help of simple matrix analysis, the governing equations are converted into a system of nonlinear algebraic equations. Detailed error estimation is computed to compare our results with the existing methods. It is shown with the help of tables and figures that the present method is very efficient, has better accuracy and has least computational cost.
Design of a Hybrid Aerial Robot with Multi-Mode Structural Efficiency and Optimized Mid-Air Transition
Authors: Low Jun En , Sufiyan Danial , Win Luke Soe Thura , Soh Gim Song , Foong Shaohui 
Published: April 2019

In this paper, we explore a novel multi-mode hybrid Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). We combine a tailless fixed-wing with a dual-wing monocopter such that the craft’s propulsion systems and aerodynamic surfaces are fully utilized in both a horizontal cruising mode and a vertical hovering mode. This maximizes the structural efficiency across the flight envelope, thereby reducing drag and unused mass while airborne in either flight mode. This UAV is also designed such that the transition between the two flight modes can be executed in mid-air, using only its existing flight actuators and sensors — there are no transition specific actuators. Using two prototypes, the foundational design and control of the system is established; the first explores the hovering mode characteristics of the unique dual-wing monocopter configuration, while the second explores the full multi-mode capabilities of the combined platform. In addition to analytical simulations, the prototypes are experimentally evaluated and assessed to demonstrate the feasibility, viability and potential of this multi-mode aerial robot design.
Targeting Filamin A Reduces Macrophage Activity and Atherosclerosis
Authors: Bandaru Sashidar , Ala Chandu , Salimi Reza , Akula Murali K. , Ekstrand Matias , Devarakonda Sravani , Karlsson Joakim , Van den Eynden Jimmy , Bergström Göran , Larsson Erik , Levin Max , Borén Jan , Bergo Martin O. , Akyürek Levent M. 
Published: April 2019

Background:
The actin-binding protein FLNA (filamin A) regulates signal transduction important for cell locomotion, but the role of macrophage-specific FLNA during atherogenesis has not been explored.

Methods:

We analyzed FLNA expression in human carotid atherosclerotic plaques by immunofluorescence. We also produced mice with
Flna
-deficient macrophages by breeding conditional
Flna
-knockout mice (
Flna

o/fl

) with mice expressing
Cre
from the macrophage-specific lysosome M promoter (
LC
). Atherosclerosis in vivo was studied by transplanting bone marrow from male
Flna

o/fl

/
LC
mice to atherogenic low-density lipoprotein receptor–deficient (
Ldlr
–/–
) mice; and by infecting
Flna

o/fl

and
Flna

o/fl

/
LC
mice with AdPCSK9 (adenoviral vector overexpressing proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9). Furthermore, C57BL/6 mice were infected with AdPCSK9 and then treated with the calpain inhibitor calpeptin to inhibit FLNA cleavage.

Results:

We found that macrophage FLNA expression was higher in advanced than in intermediate human atherosclerotic plaques.
Flna

o/fl

/
LC
macrophages proliferated and migrated less than controls; expressed lower levels of phosphorylated AKT and ERK1/2; exhibited reduced foam cell formation and lipid uptake; and excreted more lipids. The deficiency of
Flna
in macrophages markedly reduced the size of aortic atherosclerotic plaques in both
Ldlr

–/–BMT:
Flnao/fl/LC

and AdPCSK9-infected
Flna

o/fl

/
LC
mice. Intima/media ratios and numbers of CD68-positive macrophages in atherosclerotic plaques were lower in
Flna
-deficient mice than in control mice. Moreover, we found that STAT3 interacts with a calpain-cleaved carboxyl-terminal fragment of FLNA. Inhibiting calpain-mediated FLNA cleavage with calpeptin in macrophages reduced nuclear levels of phosphorylated STAT3, interleukin 6 secretion, foam cell formation, and lipid uptake. Finally, calpeptin treatment reduced the size of atherosclerotic plaques in C57BL/6 mice infected with AdPCSK9.

Conclusions:

Genetic inactivation of
Flna
and chemical inhibition of calpain-dependent cleavage of FLNA impaired macrophage signaling and function, and reduced atherosclerosis in mice, suggesting that drugs targeting FLNA may be useful in the treatment of atherosclerosis.
Public Diplomacy in the Digital Age
Authors: Bjola Corneliu , Cassidy Jennifer , Manor Ilan 
Published: April 2019

Summary
As data fast become the ‘new oil’, the opportunities for public diplomacy to grow as a field of practice are real and game-changing. Drawing on social informatics research, this article seeks to advance our understanding of how digital technologies shape the context in which public diplomacy operates by reshaping the medium of public communication, blurring the boundary between foreign and domestic affairs and empowering new actors. Despite inevitable challenges, the future of public diplomacy in the digital age remains bright, as digital technologies create tremendous opportunities for public diplomacy to build stronger, more diverse and more enduring bridges between offline and online communities.
Die Schreibsprache der Briefe von Wilhelm von Berg (1401–1428)
Authors: Kusamoto Akira 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to discover the language preferences of a letter writer for Wilhelm von Berg (1401–1428) in 15th century Westphalia. Various written languages such as Ripuarian, Westphalian and Eastphalian were already established in the region and it is known that writers sometimes mixed one language variation with the other. The study also considers other questions: i) Did writers maintain their prior-developed writing habits? ii) Did they learn the written language practiced at a new location when changing their place of work? The research uses a collection of correspondences between Wilhelm and his siblings, most of which are published here for the first time. They cover his frequent moves from within North-Western Germany when he either wrote letters himself or had them written for him. The study starts with distinguishing the handwritings of his letters, and then moves to an analysis of language variations used through a comparison of specific words. Results show that changing location for one writer (probably Wilhelm himself) did not greatly influence his language use, but that he took on new variants of certain words in his letters.
Zur Morphologie der Substantive in altniederländischen Ortsnamen
Authors: Quak Arend 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Old Dutch place names from the period 700–1100 are here used for the reconstruction of the morphology of Old Dutch nouns. The genitive singular and plural of the strong masculine and neuter are here scrutinized, as well as the dative plural of all nouns. In the course of the paper the meaning of some place names is revised as well.
Sensory modulation, physical activity and participation in daily occupations in young children
Authors: Hertzog Dan , Cermak Sharon , Bar-Shalita Tami 
Published: April 2019

Background. Physical activity (PA) promotes children’s health. While sensory processing is integral to motor output, research regarding PA in children with sensory processing challenges is sparse. Purpose. This study aimed to examine the PA pattern and its association with daily life participation of children with sensory processing challenges. Method. Forty-four children ages 5 to 7 years were divided into the study group (children with sensory processing challenges; n = 22; 16 males) and an age-matched typically developing control group ( n = 22; nine males). Parents completed the Short Sensory Profile, a demographic questionnaire, Participation in Childhood Occupations Questionnaire, and Participation in Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior Questionnaire–Modified. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and correlational analysis. Findings. Structured PA was reported in 45% and 77% of the study and control groups, respectively ( p = .030). In the study group, the level of participation in PA was found to be significantly correlated with play and leisure activities. Implications. Promoting structured and group PA opportunities may be important for children with sensory processing challenges.
Computer aided diagnosis for ASPECT rating: initial experiences with the Frontier ASPECT Score software
Authors: Goebel Juliane , Stenzel Elena , Zuelow Stefan , Kleinschnitz Christoph , Forsting Michael , Moenninghoff Christoph , Radbruch Alexander 
Published: April 2019

Background Computer-aided diagnosis is increasingly used in radiology and may support not only unexperienced readers but also senior radiologists. It appears promising, especially in the sometimes challenging detection of early ischemic changes in stroke CT. Purpose To compare the new post-processing software prototype Frontier_ASPECTS against two senior radiologists in ASPECTS evaluation. Material and Methods Retrospectively, pre-interventional CTs of 100 patients, who underwent endovascular revascularization for acute middle cerebral artery ischemia, were blindly re-analyzed with respect to ASPECTS by two neuroradiologists (separately and in consensus) and by use of Frontier_ASPECTS. In addition to a fully automatic Frontier_ASPECTS reading (Frontier_1), Frontier_ASPECTS readings subsequently manually corrected for old cerebral defects (Frontier_2a), the affected hemisphere (known from CT angiography, Frontier_2b), and both (Frontier_3) were assessed. Statistical analysis was performed by intraclass correlation and Bland–Altman analysis. Results Median ASPECTS was 10 for Frontier_3 (range = 5–10), 10 for radiologist_1 (range = 4–10), 9 for radiologist_2 (range = 2–10), and 10 for consensus reading (range = 2–10). All Frontier_ASPECTS variants correlated lowly with consensus reading (Frontier_1, r = 0.281; Frontier_2a, r = 0.357; Frontier_2b, r = 0.333; Frontier_3, r = 0.350; always P < 0.01), while both radiologists and consensus reading correlated highly (radiologist_1, r = 0.817; radiologist_2, r = 0.951; always P < 0.001). Bland–Altman analysis confirmed a worse agreement between Frontier_3 and consensus reading than between both radiologists and consensus reading. Conclusion We found only low agreement between the post-processing software Frontier_ASPECTS and expert consensus reading in ASPECTS evaluation. Notably, performance of Frontier_ASPECTS improved by simple manual corrections but is–at Frontier_ASPECTS’ current development status–inferior to the performance of senior radiologists.
One-year outcomes of the BeGraft stent graft used as chimney graft in conjunction with the Endurant device for the treatment of complex abdominal diseases
Authors: Taneva Gergana T , Usai Marco V , Pitoulias Georgios A , Torsello Giovanni , Austermann Martin , Donas Konstantinos P 
Published: April 2019

Aim To evaluate the performance of two different flexible devices, the balloon-expandable BeGraft stent as on-label chEVAR use with the Endurant (Medtronic, Santa Rosa, USA) stent graft compared to the self-expandable off-label employment of Viabahn (Gore Flagstaff, Arizona, USA). Methods All patients treated for pararenal aortic pathologies between 2008 and 2017 using Endurant II (Medtronic, Santa Rosa, CA, USA) abdominal endograft in combination with Viabahn (Gore, Flagstaff, AZ, USA) or BeGraft (Bentley, Hechingen, Germany) at our institution were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into two groups according to the employed chimney graft, namely Viabahn (group A) and BeGraft (group B). The primary endpoint was the incidence of type IA endoleak at one month and last follow-up. Secondary endpoints included reintervention rates, primary patency of the chimney graft, and need for additional placement of bare metal stents also known as relining. Results A total of 27 patients (mean age: 76 years) were treated with overall 47 chimney grafts. In particular, 11 patients received 21 Viabahn and 16 patients underwent placement of 26 BeGraft stents. Mean follow-up was 14.3 ± 9.0 months for group A and 13.0 ± 13.7 for group B, p = .451. The mean chimney graft length was 85.1 ± 38.9 mm for group A and 34.9 ± 9.8mm for group B ( p < .001). The oversizing rate at the proximal sealing zone was significantly higher in group B (Group A: 23.1 ± 16.5% vs. Group B: 33.6 ± 7.6%, p = .007). The primary patency rates were similar between groups ( p = .250). The subgroup analysis showed a significantly higher early (9–42.9% vs. 2–7.7%, p = .005) and at last CT follow-up (5–23.8% vs. 0–0.0%, p = .011) type IA endoleak, higher primary relining (14–66.7% vs. 5–19.2%, p = .001) and reintervention rates (5–23.8% vs. 0–0.0%; p = .011) for group A chimney stent grafts. Conclusions Both chEVAR combinations displayed similar patency rate, showing the BeGraft-Endurant composition less need for relining and fewer one-year type IA endoleak and reintervention rates in the subgroup analysis.
The role of alcohol response phenotypes in the risk for alcohol use disorder
Authors: King Andrea C. , Cao Dingcai , deWit Harriet , O'Connor Sean J. , Hasin Deborah S. 
Published: April 2019

Summary
Heavy alcohol use is pervasive and one of our most significant global health burdens. Early theories posited that certain alcohol response phenotypes, notably low sensitivity to alcohol (‘low-level response’) imparts risk for alcohol use disorder (AUD). However, other theories, and newer measures of subjective alcohol responses, have challenged that contention and argued that high sensitivity to some alcohol effects are equally important for AUD risk. This study presents results of a unique longitudinal study in 294 young adult non-dependent drinkers examined with alcohol and placebo testing in the laboratory at initial enrolment and repeated 5 years later, with regular follow-up intervals assessing AUD (trial registration: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00961792). Findings showed that alcohol sedation was negatively correlated with stimulation across the breath alcohol curve and at initial and re-examination testing. A higher rather than lower alcohol response phenotype was predictive of future AUD. The findings underscore a new understanding of factors increasing vulnerability to AUD.
Can Menopause Prediction Be Improved With Multiple AMH Measurements? Results From the Prospective Doetinchem Cohort Study
Authors: de Kat Annelien C , van der Schouw Yvonne T , Eijkemans Marinus J C , Broer Simone L , Verschuren W M Monique , Broekmans Frank J M 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Context
Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels are used worldwide as a screening tool for the duration of the female reproductive lifespan. Although AMH levels are associated with age at menopause, individual predictions of menopause with a single AMH measurement are unreliable.

Objective
This study investigated whether individual AMH decline patterns can improve the prediction of menopause compared with a single measurement.

Design
The study population comprised 2434 premenopausal women from the population-based Doetinchem Cohort Study. Participants were followed up every 5 years for a total of 20 years, and AMH was measured in 6699 plasma samples with the picoAMH assay. Longitudinal statistical modeling was combined with time varying Cox modeling, to integrate multiple AMH measurements per woman.

Results
The mean age at menopause was 50 years, and 7.4% of the women who reached menopause during follow-up did so before age 45 years. For a 25-year-old, the AMH decline rate between ages 20 and 25 years increased the C-statistic of menopause prediction from 0.64 to 0.69. Beyond that age, the AMH decline rate did not improve predictions of menopause or early menopause. For women younger than age 30 years, for whom menopause prediction is arguably most relevant, the models underestimated the risk of early menopause.

Conclusion
These results suggest that knowledge of the AMH decline rate does not improve the prediction of menopause. Based on the low discriminative ability and underestimation of the risk of early menopause, the use of AMH as a screening method for the timing of menopause cannot currently be advocated.