bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early Diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis Based on Optical and Electrochemical Biosensors: Comprehensive Perspective
Authors: Kharati Maryam , Foroutanparsa Sanam , Rabiee Mohammad , Salarian Reza , Rabiee Navid , Rabiee Ghazal 
Published: August 2018

Background:
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) involves an immune-mediated response in which
body’s immune system destructs the protective sheath (myelin). Part of the known MS biomarkers are
discovered in cerebrospinal fluid like oligoclonal lgG (OCGB), and also in blood like myelin Oligodendrocyte
Glycoprotein (MOG). The conventional MS diagnostic methods often fail to detect the
disease in early stages such as Clinically Isolated Syndrome (CIS), which considered as a concerning
issue since CIS highlighted as a prognostic factor of MS development in most cases.

Methods:
MS diagnostic techniques include Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of the brain and spinal
cord, lumbar puncture (or spinal tap) that evaluate cerebrospinal fluid, evoked potential testing revealing
abnormalities in the brain and spinal cord. These conventional diagnostic methods have some
negative points such as extensive processing time as well as restriction in the quantity of samples that
can be analyzed concurrently. Scientists have focused on developing the detection methods especially
early detection which belongs to ultra-sensitive, non-invasive and needed for the Point of Care (POC)
diagnosis because the situation was complicated by false positive or negative results.

Results:
As a result, biosensors are utilized and investigated since they could be ultra-sensitive to specific
compounds, cost effective devices, body-friendly and easy to implement. In addition, it has been
proved that the biosensors on physiological fluids (blood, serum, urine, saliva, milk etc.) have quick
response in a non-invasive rout. In general form, a biosensor system for diagnosis and early detection
process usually involves; biomarker (target molecule), bio receptor (recognition element) and compatible
bio transducer.

Conclusion:
Studies underlined that early treatment of patients with high possibility of MS can be advantageous
by postponing further abnormalities on MRI and subsequent attacks.

:
This Review highlights variable disease diagnosis approaches such as Surface Plasmon Resonance
(SPR), electrochemical biosensors, Microarrays and microbeads based Microarrays, which are considered
as promising methods for detection and early detection of MS.
Light-Emitting Diode (LED) Therapy Attenuates Neurotoxicity of Methanol-Induced Memory Impairment and Apoptosis in The Hippocampus
Authors: Ghanbari Amir , Zibara Kazem , Salari Sepideh , Ghareghani Majid , Rad Parastou , Mohamed Wael , Ebadi Elham , Malekzadeh Mohamad , Delaviz Hamdallah 
Published: August 2018

Background & Objective: The adolescent brain has a higher vulnerability to alcoholinduced
neurotoxicity, compared to adult’s brain. Most studies have investigated the effect of ethanol
consumption on the body, however, methanol consumption, which peaked in the last years, is still
poorly explored.

Method:
In this study, we investigated the effects of methanol neurotoxicity on memory function and
pathological outcomes in the hippocampus of adolescent rats and examined the efficacy of Light-
Emitting Diode (LED) therapy. Methanol induced neurotoxic rats showed a significant decrease in the
latency period, in comparison to controls, which was significantly improved in LED treated rats at 7,
14 and 28 days, indicating recovery of memory function. In addition, methanol neurotoxicity in hippocampus
caused a significant increase in cell death (caspase3+ cells) and cell edema at 7 and 28 days,
which were significantly decreased by LED therapy. Furthermore, the number of glial fibrillary acid
protein astrocytes was significantly lower in methanol rats, compared to controls, whereas LED treatment
caused their significant increase. Finally, methanol neurotoxicity caused a significant decrease in
the number of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF+) cells, but also circulating serum BDNF, at 7
and 28 days, compared to controls, which were significantly increased by LED therapy. Importantly,
LED significantly increased the number of Ki-67+ cells and BDNF levels in the serum and hypothalamus
in control-LED rats, compared to controls without LED therapy.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, chronic methanol administration caused severe memory impairments and
several pathological outcomes in the hippocampus of adolescent rats which were improved by LED
therapy.
KOBİLERDE STRATEJİK FİNANSAL YÖNETİM UYGULAMASINA YÖNELİK LİTERATÜR ARAŞTIRMASI
Authors: Poyraz Erkan , Bilge Serenay 
Published: August 2018

Amaç: Bu araştırmanın temel amacı KOBİ’lerde stratejik finansal yönetimin nasıl uygulandığının araştırılmasıdır. Yöntem: Çalışmada stratejik finansal yönetimin KOBİ’lerde nasıl uygulandığına dair bir literatür çalışması yapılmış, KOBİ’lerde karşılaşılan finansal sorunlar ele alınmıştır. Bulgular: KOBİ’lerde değişen dünyanın yeni ekonomisinde finansal sorunlara tam bir çözüm geliştirilememiştir. Bu da KOBİ’lerin piyasada ki diğer işletmelerle olan rekabet güçlerini azaltmaktadır.Sonuçlar: KOBİ’lerin ulusal/uluslararası yoğun rekabet ortamında yaşamlarını sürdüremeyecekleri gerçeğinden hareketle, KOBİ’lerinin finansal durumları iyi analiz edilmeli, sorunlarına yapıcı, uzun vadeli, verimliliği artırmaya yönelik çözümler üretilmelidir. Finans piyasasındaki gelişmeleri işletmelerin yakından takip edememeleri, kredi alımlarında karşılaştıkları teminat sorunları, kredi hacimlerinin düşük, kredi maliyetlerinin yüksek olması, sermaye piyasasına girememeleri, alternatif finansman kaynaklarından faydalanmamaları ve ayrı bir finans departmanının bulunmaması KOBİ’lerin güçlü finansal yapılara sahip olmalarını engellemektedir.
La ética del periodismo cívico: la independencia como guía
Authors: Steele Bob 
Published: August 2018

<p>El artículo aborda el problema de la ética en el periodismo cívico, sobre todo a partir del debate originado por sus partidarios, así como por sus detractores.</p><p>Dado este punto de partida, el texto desarrolla temas significativos en torno a la posibilidad de descubrir un “terreno común” entre lo que se considera sólo periodismo frente al periodismo cívico, más allá de la adopción de sus roles clásicos.</p><p> </p>
Políticas de juventud en la Ciudad de México: de la experiencia cardenista al News Divine
Authors: Aguilar Avilés Fernando 
Published: August 2018

<p>Las políticas de juventud en México durante el régimen priista se caracterizaron por su corporativismo, paternalismo y asistencialismo; la llegada del Partido de la Revolución Democrática (PRD) al gobierno de la Ciudad de México significó, al menos durante la primera administración (1997-2000), una transformación radical en torno a la manera de concebir a la juventud y las políticas dirigidas a este grupo de la población. <span style="font-size: 10px;">A partir de entonces, la tendencia de las dos siguientes administraciones ha sido la regresión de los avances inaugurados con el cardenismo.</span></p><p>El artículo busca revisar lo que han sido las políticas de juventud, a poco más diez años de la llegada del gobierno perredista a la capital. Previamente, se discute sobre las dimensiones necesarias para la caracterización y el análisis de toda política de juventud.</p>
La estrategia de México en materia energética y su relación con la Unión Europea
Authors: García Saisó Adrián 
Published: August 2018

<p>El presente capítulo hace mención de la importancia de la Unión Europea como potencia económica y las medidas necesarias para su diversificación energética. En ese contexto se analiza la situación de México en su política energética y las tendencias nacionales e internacionales del consumo energético. Por otro lado, se revisa el papel de Pemex en el sector y se dan algunas sugerencias para su mejor gestión para bien de la propia empresa y el país.</p>
A memória do Itarendá ressignificando novas territorialidades
Authors: Cunha Evilania Bento da , Araujo Rosilene Cruz de 
Published: August 2018

O presente Relato é resultado dos estudos na disciplina Antropologia Visual, ministrada pelo professor Dr. Flavio Leonel no Programa de mestrado em Linguagens e Saberes na Amazônia da Universidade Federal do Pará, Campus de Bragança. Diante da fundamentação teórica apreciada durante a disciplina pensamos discutir o conceito de memória apresentado por Paul Ricoeur, em que o autor baseia-se em duas perguntas: de que há lembrança? De quem é a memória? Podemos atribuir a esses questionamentos a passagem de paradigma: do fato que é lembrado, ao sujeito que lembra tal fato. Dessa forma, a memória dos Ka’apor pode remeter a imagens do passado e reconstituir o presente das novas aldeias criadas dentro do seu Território. Assim, o relato faz um recorte teórico de conceitos chaves do que foi o desenvolvimento da pesquisa, cujo tema é A (RE)SIGNIFICAÇÃO DO LUGAR E AS NOVAS TERRITORIALIDADES DOS KA’APOR NAS ALDEIAS IPU’Y RENDA E TURIZINHO. Além disso, proponho apresentar as reflexões dos pesquisadores Ana Luiza Carvalho, Fernando Tacca, Carlo Severi e Jacques Aumont no bojo do conceito de imagem relacionando com as fotografias adquiridas durante experiência como professora do projeto de escolarização ka’apor, nos anos 2012 e 2013, denominado Ka’a namõ jumu’e ha katu – Aprendendo com a Floresta.
Problems of geotourism and geodiversity
Authors: Ollier Clifford 
Published: August 2018

Abstract.
Early definitions of geotourism stressed tourism related to geology and geomorphology, though some drifted into other concepts such as education, sustainability, conservation and more. Later definitions, largely fostered by National Geographic, treat the topic as related to geography, or more simply place, and concentrate on the extraneous topics such as sustainability, conservation and so forth which should be part of any form of tourism. The earth science community is liable to lose its influence on creation and interpretation of geosites and related topics because the concept has been broadened to include everything. Geodiversity is a copy-cat adaptation of biodiversity, but while biodiversity might be a measure of the health of an ecosystem, the value of geological and geomorphic sites does not depend on diversity. Many geological and geomorphic features are restricted to a single rock or feature, which enhances their value. Geodiversity might be useful as a way of recording diverse features within a given area, but it should not be treated as a value-judgement on the significance of individual sites. The whole area of geoheritage is under threat from the redefinition of geotourism, and the mis-application of the concept of geodiversity
PERSPECTIVES OF THE METHODS DEVELOPMENT FOR AIRCRAFT MAINTAINABILITY CERTIFICATION
Authors: Yaloza Yu. A. , Petrov A. N. 
Published: August 2018

The paper outlines the main problems and perspectives of methods development for regulation and finding compliance of aircraft during the type design maintainability certification. Mentioned requirements and methods relevance are related to the fact that aircraft continuing airworthiness at the operational stage is possible only with a reasonable combination of the maintenance documentation instructions for continuing airworthiness of a type design and the required level of its maintainability, which both meet the minimum requirements of airworthiness standards. Deficiencies in those requirements and means of compliance have notable influence on the safety and effectiveness of air transportation. Main ICAO standards and international practice of regulation and evaluation of aircraft maintainability and instructions for continuing airworthiness are briefly analyzed. On the base of aircraft maintenance requirements analysis recommendations proposed aimed to further develop regulations and means of compliance for a type design maintainability certification. For solving this problem there is a need to implement certain scientific and practical developments in the domain of integrated logistic support as a technology which integrates the reliability, maintainability and other technical operating capabilities activities for a newly-designed aircraft in order to create its effective maintenance system. The kinds of requirements within the aviation regulations and means of compliance for them are recommended, which have to be corrected and developed, as well as directions of works necessary for that, including implementation of computer modelling and prototypes testing for showing compliance of aircraft with the maintainability certification requirements. It is shown a need for implementation of the scientific and practical results of research in integrated logistic support domain which allow for interconnect of the reliability and maintainability activities within a new aircraft design in order to integrate systematically reliability requirements with the necessary maintenance action in support of reliability and with the required for those maintenance works level of type design maintainability.
THE MEANING OF “MY MISTRESS’ EYES ARE NOTHING LIKE THE SUN” BY WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE (Makna “My Mistress’ Eyes are Nothing Like the Sun” Karya William Shakespeare)
Authors: Darmawati Besse 
Published: August 2018

Dynamic Structuralism is a concept of the poem analysis to get its meaning comprehensively. This study aims to describe the elements construction of the datum and the meaning of it based on the dynamic structuralism. This study applies qualitative descriptive method through dynamic structuralism approach. The datum is a poem of “My Mistress’ Eyes Are Nothing Like the Sun” by William Shakespeare, adapted from the book of “Sound and Sense” published by Harcourt, Brace & World, Inc., 1969. Based on analysis, it’s found that the poem is a sadness involving the author of “I” and mandates: (1) true love is actually a love built by the trust; (2) the trust in love is purety and cannot be lost until the end of life; and (3) the beautiful memory is the most difficult one to be forgotten. Sadness is the object which actually shows the reality of human life in the world. As a whole, the poem describes a doubtfulness for the changes of the author’s mistress drastically at last because has passed away, but still left a peaceful memory from love and trust. The both are everlasting, never die, and always alive.
MENGENAL PEPAOSAN TRADISI LISAN LOMBOK: TEKS, KONTEKS, DAN FUNGSI
Authors: Atisah Atisah 
Published: August 2018

This paper aims to study the ‘pepaosan’ tradition in the Sasak community, in Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara. The approach used is textual and contextual approach proposed by Robert Sibarani and Talha Bachmid, while the method is descriptive method. How the text and context of ‘pepaosan’ are the problems in this research. ‘Pepaosan’ in Sasak community is basically the same as ‘macapat’ in Javanese community, ‘mamaca’ in Madurese community and ‘wawacan’ in Sundanese community. The ‘pepaosan’ tradition of the Sasak community is an activity of reading ‘takepan’ script, i.e. the script in Kawi letters and language written on the leaves of tal (a kind of palm/siwalan). In addition, ’pepaosan’ is a medium of values transmission and transformation and also a forum for learning community on various aspects of life. In Lombok, ‘pepaosan’ sometimes is coupled with certain rituals or traditions, such as marriage, circumcision, decline of rice seeds ritual, ‘tolak bala’ rituals, Alip Party celebrations and others. ‘Pepaosan’ is also a literary tradition of the Sasak community as well as a preservation strategy of writing culture. AbstrakTulisan ini bertujuan meneliti tradisi pepaosan pada masyarakat Sasak, di Lombok, Nusa Tenggara Barat. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan teks dan konteks yang dikemukakan oleh Robert Sibarani dan Talha Bachmid, sedangkan metodenya adalah metode deskriftif. Bagaimana teks dan konteks pepaosan merupakan masalah dalam penelitian ini. Pepaosan pada masyarakat Sasak pada dasarnya sama dengan macapat pada masyarakat Jawa, mamaca pada masyarakat Madura, dan wawacan pada masyarakat Sunda. Tradisi pepaosan pada masyarakat Sasak merupakan kegiatan membaca naskah takepan, yaitu naskah beraksara dan berbahasa Kawi yang ditulis di atas daun tal (sejenis palem/siwalan). Di samping itu, pepaosan merupakan media transmisi dan transformasi nilai dan sekaligus merupakan wadah pembelajaran masyarakat tentang berbagai aspek kehidupan. Di Lombok, pepaosan terkadang dirangkaikan dengan ritual atau tradisi tertentu seperti kenduri perkawinan, khitanan, ritual penurunan bibit padi, ritual tolak bala, perayaan Pesta Alip, dan lain-lain. Pepaosan juga merupakan tradisi literasi masyarakat Sasak dan sekaligus sebagai strategi pelestarian budaya tulis.
Innovación, tecnologías y educación: las narrativas digitales como estrategias didácticas
Authors: Hermann Acosta Andrés 
Published: August 2018

La innovación como categoría de análisis en el ámbito educativo, arrastra una herencia y tradición que viene desde el escenario empresarial, que impulsa la idea de mejoramiento de un bien o servicio, que en este caso se traduce en la aplicación de los procesos formativos en la evaluación cuantitativa de los logros académicos. El presente trabajo, propugna la idea de que la innovación tiene que ser replanteada en la educación, considerando que la mejora no se da en la aprobación o desaprobación de los estudiantes, sino más bien en el poder replantear modelos, didácticas y metodologías de enseñanza y aprendizaje de tipo activas, dinámicas y participativas para los estudiantes. Con lo antes expuesto, se presenta a las narrativas digitales como estrategias de aprendizaje innovadoras, que posibilita dar un cambio de modelo educativo unidireccional hacia uno de tipo muldireccional y el campo de la didáctica, estimular procesos de aprendizaje desde una lógica de la activación sistémica de tipo visual, auditivo, sensorial, dando el paso de un proceso de memorización hacia asimilación, comprensión y transferencia del conocimiento hacia los aprendizajes en contextos reales. El caso del storytelling constituye una expresión de narrativas digitales, que se entiende como un sistema de lenguajes visuales, sonoros y que permiten la navegación hipertextual, que en el caso del ámbito educativo se presentan como un arte de contar historias, lo que posibilita generar una educación dinámica, sensorial y abierta, que propone metodologías de aprendizaje activas, de co-creación y construcción del conocimiento de manera colectiva.
Prácticas inclusivas de los docentes
Authors: García Guevara Wilson , Belesaca Oscar , Jara Saldaña Gabriela 
Published: August 2018

El presente estudio tiene como objeto determinar el nivel de aplicación de prácticas inclusivas por parte de docentes y estudiantes en la Unidad Educativa Juan Bautista Stielhe de la ciudad de Cuenca en el año lectivo 2015-2016. Las prácticas inclusivas, reflejan la cultura y las políticas inclusivas, tienen que ver con asegurar que las actividades de aprendizaje en el aula y las extraescolares promuevan la intervención de todos los dicentes y que consideren el conocimiento y la experiencia adquiridos por ellos fuera de la institución educativa; la enseñanza y los apoyos se integran para orquestar el aprendizaje y superar las barreras al aprendizaje y la participación; el personal docente y administrativo moviliza recursos de las instituciones y de la comunidad para mantener el aprendizaje activo de todos. Para el desarrollo de este trabajo de investigación se basó en el método cualicuantitativo de tipo descriptivo y exploratorio, con una población de diecinueve docentes y ciento dieciocho estudiantes de los niveles de básica superior y bachillerato de la institución; para la recolección de la información, se aplicó parte del Índice de Inclusión de la UNESCO, adaptación de Rosa Blanco, que consta de veinte indicadores de inclusión permitiendo abstraer información de los docentes y estudiantado; la información es procesada estadísticamente mediante el programa Microsoft Excel, se analizan los resultados y se concluye que los docentes presentan una predisposición y prácticas favorables a la inclusión cumpliendo con sus obligaciones curriculares, hacen un mayor uso de las estrategias de organización y manejo efectivo del aula, en los procesos de aprendizaje, mientras que los estudiantes tienen una buena percepción y predisponían a la inclusión educativa, las autoridades brindan las facilidades para cumplir el proceso inclusivo cumpliendo con las leyes y normativas del país.
Comic Education Media On Food Label With Folklore Character For Children
Authors: Sitasari Almira , Trisurini Andika 
Published: August 2018

Lack of awareness in food label reading could be a problem of eating habit in Indonesian especially in youth. School-aged children are susceptible group to have risk from unsafe packaged snack food. Comic book would be one of good education media for them. Aim of the study was to raise awareness to food label reading and to make a good media to educate youth to read packaged food/snack label. This study was a research and development study (R and D study) with 4 D approach (define, design, develop, disseminate). After designing the media (including storyline and cover design) the media was rated by 2 media experts, tested in school-aged children, and also requested feedback from school teachers. Quantitative data were shown in percentage of feasibility, while qualitative data were analyzed by saturation of data. The rating test from experts showed that overall comic feasibility was 87,86% (means feasible to use). The testing from users or school-aged children showed that overall comic feasibility was 96,41% (means feasible). The school teachers gave positive feedbacks on comic book. The conclusion of the study is that the comic book about food labelling with folklore character is feasible to use.
The Comparison Between Different Approaches to Overcome the Multicollinearity Problem in Linear Regression Models
Authors: Gorgees Hazim Mansoor , Mahdi Fatimah Assim 
Published: August 2018

In the presence of multi-collinearity problem, the parameter estimation method based on the ordinary least squares procedure is unsatisfactory. In 1970, Hoerl and Kennard insert analternative method labeled as estimator of ridge regression.
In such estimator, ridge parameter plays an important role in estimation. Various methods were proposed by many statisticians to select the biasing constant (ridge parameter). Another popular method that is used to deal with the multi-collinearity problem is the principal component method. In this paper,we employ the simulation technique to compare the performance of principal component estimator with some types of ordinary ridge regression estimators based on the value of the biasing constant (ridge parameter). The mean square error (MSE) is used as a criterion to assess the performance of such estimators.