bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PO-108 The relationship between Obesity and Sleep behavior in adolescents
Authors: Zou Xiaoyu , Li Chunyan 
Published: October 2018

Objective With the increasing detection rate of overweight and obesity in adolescents, many kinds of fat-related hazards affect the quality of life. This paper aims to study the relationship between overweight and obesity and sleep behavior in adolescents. To provide theoretical basis for adolescent obesity intervention policy according to the relevant links.
Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted on 156 (84 males, 72 females) aged 12 to 18 years old to collect information on their basic physical condition and sleep related behaviors, and the questionnaire was collected on the spot. Subjects were divided into three groups according to BMI: normal, overweight and obese. The gender and BMI groups were analyzed and compared.
Results (1) Obesity The rate of obesity in boys was higher than that in girls , (P < 0. 05). (2). The rate of staying up late during workday (71.7%) and early rising (83.0%) in obese group was higher than that in girls (83.0%). In obese group, the sleeping time was longer (25.16 ±6.3min) and had no siesta behavior (30.8%). In normal group, 15-30min (38.6%), (P < 0.05). (3) BMI (29.86 ±7.53) in boys was significantly higher than that in girls (26.85 ±5.50), (), while in normal group (38.6%), (P < 0.05). (3), BMI in boys (29.86 ±7.53) was significantly higher than that in girls (26.85 ±5.50), ( P < 0.05). Male students with no siesta behavior and nap time in 15-30 minutes accounted for more (25. 5%), while female students had more lunch break time between 30 and 60 minutes (36.9%). (4). Male students' nap time and sleep duration were negatively correlated with BMI , (P < 0. 05). BMI was proportional to nap time and sleep time, but was inversely proportional to sleep time , (P < 0. 05).
Conclusions Sleep behavior of adolescent boys and girls may have an effect on body weight status. Staying up late, lack of sleep and lack of lunch time will aggravate obesity and reduce sleep barrier. In addition, shortening sleep time can improve overweight and obesity status.
PO-117 To compare the impact of running and walking on physical health
Authors: Hua Xianfeng 
Published: October 2018

Objective Under the natural and comfortable condition of the private human body, explore which of the running and walking is more conducive to the physical health of the human body.
Methods Among the sports crowd of the NanMingRiver Rubber Exercise Road in Guiyang City, select 20 people who have walking exercise habits and who can take the running test under the age of 60 as group A and select 20 people who have running exercise habits and who can take the walking test under the age of 60 as group B. Inclusion criteria for the exercise habits is “Exercise at least 3 times a week for more than 30 minutes and for more than one year.”
(1) Experimental method: Two groups of subjects with different exercise modes adopted the exercise mode of the corresponding group. Under the condition that other environmental conditions were unchanged, the health benefits of different exercise methods in the same group were compared before and after the experiment. The time of experiment lasts three months. The intensity of walking exercise is the intensity that the athlete feels natural and comfortable. The intensity of running exercise is the intensity that the athlete feels natural and comfortable. Before and after the experiment，the test contents of the two group subjects included height, weight, BMI, grip strength, reaction time, closed-eyes standing on a leg, sitting body flexion, step test, lung capacity, lung capacity index of body mass.
(2) Literature and Information method: Through the retrieval and review of relevant literatures on sports and physical health at home and abroad, this paper provides theoretical references and methodological basis for this research.
(3) Data analysis method: Paired sample t-test was used to analyze the changes of constitution of the two groups experimental people before and after the exercise modes.
Results After a 3-month walking in group A, the step test, lung capacity, and lung capacity index of body mass were higher than before, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). The grip strength, reaction time, closed-eyes standing on a leg decreased compared with prior exercise. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05); body mass, body mass index (BMI), and sitting body flexion were higher than before, but the difference was not statistically significant.
After three months of walking exercise in group B, the step test, lung capacity, lung capacity index of body mass, and grip strength decreased compared with the previous exercise, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01); body mass , body mass index (BMI), reaction time, the closed-eye standing on one foot was lower than before, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The anterior flexion of the sitting body decreased, but the difference was not statistically significant.
Conclusions In comfortable, natural conditions, running is more conducive to physical fitness than walking, and running is a more effective way to exercise.
PO-226 Effect of Trunk Resistance Vest on Running Economy at Different Speed in Male Collegiate Students
Authors: Wang Kaixuan , Li Bo , Li Xiaotian , Wang Xinxin , Ge Liankai , Jin Lu , Miu Lv , Li Yongming 
Published: October 2018

Objective Wearable resistance training is a common method ultilzed by athletic and fitness population during running. This method is demonstrated to have multiple athletic and health benefits despite of its potential risk for running technique. Running economy is a measure for running technique, which is defined as the oxygen uptake (VO2) at a given sub-maximal speed. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of wearable resistance on running economy at different running speed in male collegiate students.
Methods 18 male collegiate students from Shanghai University of Sports (age: 22.4±2.4yrs, height: 177.4±7.5cm, body mass: 69.3±8.2kg, training experience: 4.6±1.6yrs, body fat: 13.3±4.7%) volunteered to perform one two four-stage incremental tests (8km/h, 10km/h, 12km/h, 14km/h) with and without a trunk resistance vest (10% of individual body mass). The duration of each stage was 5 min, and intermittent per stage was 1 min. A portable spirometric system (K4b2, Cosmed, Italy) was utilized to measure the ventilator and heart rate index during the test. The running economy was calculated as the averaged VO2 in the last minute of each stage. The capillary blood was collected from the earlobe after each stage IBM SPSS Statistics 19（SPSS Statistics 19, IBM Corporation, USA）was used to carry out a one-way repeated measurement ANOVA analysis on the physiological results at different speeds, and Paired-T test was to statistical analysis the normal and trunk vest test at the same speed. P<0.05 was set as the significant level.
Results Along with the increase of speed, VO2, heart rate, blood lactate concentration and RPE was increased significantly (P<0.05, except 12km/h and 14km/h without vest, and 8km/h and 10km/h with vest). The running economy was slightly lower in running with vest at each running speed compared with without vest (P>0.05). However, the blood lactic concentration with vest was higher than that without vest at all speed, with the difference significant at 14km/h(9.3±2.9 vs. 7.6±2.2mM, P>0.05). The RPE was significant higher with vest than without vest at each speed (P<0.05, except at 8km/h).
Conclusions Running with trunk resistance vest of 10% body mass is characterized with slightly better economy, although it induces a significant higher blood lactic concentration and RPE.
PO-230 Treadmill Running Ameliorates Alcohol-Induced Malfunctioning of Intra- and Extra-Mitochondrial Enzymes in Liver of Aged Rats
Authors: Korivi Mallikarjuna , Liu Yubo , Ye Weibing , Zhang Yong , Kesireddy Sathyavelu Reddy 
Published: October 2018

Objective Alcohol consumption particularly at old age can cause severe liver damage through malfunctioning of vital organelles, including mitochondria. Exercise is known to improve the cellular functions against alcohol-induced adverse effects and oxidative stress. Nevertheless, whether exercise can promote mitochondrial function in old alcohol-fed rats remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the effect of exercise training on intra- and extra-mitochondrial enzyme activities in alcohol/ethanol treated rats.
Methods Young (3-month, n=24) and old (18-month, n=24) Wistar albino rats were equally divided into control, exercise, ethanol and combination of exercise plus ethanol treated groups. Following treadmill exercise (23 m/min, 30 min/day 5-day/wk) and ethanol (2 g/kg b.w.) treatment for 2 months, cytosol and mitochondrial enzyme activities, triglycerides and phospholipids were estimated in the liver of young and old rats.
Results We found ethanol intoxication significantly decreased (P<0.01) the hepatic intra- and extra-mitochondrial enzyme activities, including glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), malate dehydrogenase (MDH) and glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) in both young and old rats. However, exercise training considerably reversed the loss of these enzyme activities, and further maintained above control levels in respective age groups. Restoration of mitochondrial marker enzymes (SDH and GDH) with exercise against ethanol-loss was prominent in young compared to old rats, which indicates old rats are prone to alcohol-induced adverse effects. Alcohol-induced elevated LDH levels in both ages were slightly decreased by exercise plus ethanol treatment. We further noticed that amplified triglycerides and phospholipids were substantially decreased following treadmill exercise in both age groups. Decreased triglycerides level with exercise was prominent in young alcohol-fed rats than that of old.
Conclusions Our results imply that 2-month treadmill exercise training effectively ameliorated the ruined cytosol and mitochondrial enzyme activities in young and old ethanol-fed rats. Improved mitochondrial enzymes and decreased triglycerides with exercise training may protect the alcohol-induced liver damage.
PO-234 Research progress of exercise therapy on type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Shang Huayu , Ke Zhifei , Xia Zhi 
Published: October 2018

Objective Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease with a clear genetic basis, and early islet cell function appears clearly in recession or even lost. Insulin deficiency allows patients to rely on exogenous insulin for life, and long-term complications seriously affect quality of life and shorten life expectancy.
Methods This paper retrieves 1998-2018 years' literatures on "Sports" and "type 1 diabetes" through the PubMed database, and collate and analyze the progress of the research and induction of type 1 diabetes exercise therapy.
Results Numerous studies have shown that regular physical exercise can reduce the daily insulin dose in patients with T1DM.At the same time, they should master the contraindications in order to avoid the risks of movement. Currently a recommendation for all T1DM patients is engaging in at least 150 min/week of moderate to vigorous intensity aerobic exercise, sustainability or HIIT, combined with resistance training such as resistance machines and bands, as well as other stretching and balance exercises such as yoga, tai chi, 3 to 7 times per week which is depended on the physical condition of patients and exercise intensity, and resistance training can be performed on nonconsecutive days.
Conclusions So patients need to be clear how to safely increase their physical activity, and incorporate more independent physical activity into daily life.
PO-237 MSTN gene polymorphism influence on WBV-induced changes on body composition in Chinese postmenopausal women
Authors: Chen Xiaohong , Hu Yang 
Published: October 2018

Objective To explore the association between MSTN rs3791783 polymorphism and body composition response to 3-month whole body vibration (WBV) intervention in postmenopausal women and to probe into the molecular regulatory mechanisms behind it.
Methods A total of 90 postmenopausal women participated in the study, and 30 of them served as non-trained control group, 60 of them trained on a vibration platform for 3 months. Body composition included FM% (percentage of fat mass) and LM% were assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at the baseline and 3 months. The rs3791783 polymorphism was genotyped by PCR–restriction fragment length polymorphism, and association analysis with the body composition changes induced-by WBV training was performed. The regulatory mechanisms of the rs3791783 polymorphism were explored through the dual-luciferase reporter assay.
Results In the WBV group, LM% significant increased through 3-month WBV training (60.87±5.35, 61.63±5.05, P<0.05), meanwhile, FM% significant decreased (35.65±5.47, 34.86±5.16, P<0.05). In the CON group, no significant difference within group was detected in LM% and FM%, and significant group by time interactions were found in LM% and FM% (P <0.05). The subjects with an AA allele had significantly greater increase in LM% (60.27±5.28, 61.42±4.93, P<0.01) and decreases in FM% (36.35±5.35, 35.18±4.99, P<0.01) than those with GA allele (61.97±5.72, 62.13±5.59, P>0.05; 34.38±5.90, 34.19±5.79, P>0.05). The relative luciferase activity of the reporter gene in recombinant vector carrying the A allele was 3.302±1.121, markedly higher than that in recombinant vector carrying the G allele (1.760±0.920, p<0.05).
Conclusions Three-month WBV training is beneficial for body composition among postmenopausal women and the individual with AA genotype of the rs3791783 polymorphism were more sensitive to WBV-induced body composition changes. The A allele can improve reporter gene expression level, indicating the effects of rs3791783 on gene expression.
PO-239 Normal signal transduction pathways of rat habitual endurance exercise at different intensities
Authors: Liu Timon Cheng-Yi , Chen Jing-Gang , Duan Rui , Zhang Quan-Guang 
Published: October 2018

Objective A signal transduction pathway is always signal-specific, but it becomes special in exercise physiology, especially for habitual exercise training. In this paper, the normal signal transduction pathways (NPs) of habitual endurance exercise of Sprague-Dawly (SD) rats at different intensities were studied in terms of self-similar algorithm .
Methods 1. SD rats were randomly divided into a control group with no exercise (Cont), a low-intensity exercise group (LI) at 15 m/min for 60 min, a medium-intensity exercise group (MI) at 25 m/min for 40 min, and a high-intensity exercise group (HI) 35 m/min for 30 min. The the treadmill exercise began at 10 m/min for 10 min. The speed and time increased by 5 m/min and by 5 min respectively after every two days until the intensity was OK for LI, MI and HI groups. All rats in the exercise groups were trained for eight weeks. The muscle was collected two hours after the last training. The 20 parameters, the expression of PGC-1α, PI3K, AMPK, p38MAPK, SIRT1, IGF-1, Akt, mTOR, TFAM, NRF1 and NRF2 and the level of T, CS, SDH, β-HAD, MDH, HK, PK, LDH and HSL, were assessed. 2. The 20 dimension data sets were integratedly analyzed with self-similar algorithm.
Results 1. The first-order self-similarity held for the 20 dimension data sets between MI and HI groups. 2. There was one biomarker, PGC-1α, between Cont and LI groups with respect to HI group which parameters were used to be dimensionless for Cont and LI groups. 3. There were two biomarkers, PGC-1α and PI3K, between LI and MI or HI groups with respect cont group.
Conclusions The NP of LI group may be PGC-1α pathway, and the NPs of MI or HI group may be PGC-1α and PI3K pathways.
PO-249 Does High Serum MG53 Level Associates with Better Cardiorespiratory Function?
Authors: Han Qi , Shao Jing , Ren Yingbin , Liu Naixi , Zhou Lili , Xu Baohua , Muqing Yi 
Published: October 2018

Objective To investigate the association between the endogenous human serum MG53 level and cardio-respiratory function in response to graded exercise test (GXT).
Methods Sixteen healthy male volunteers (23.1±2.9yrs, 169.5±6.0cm in height, 63.2±5.9kg in weight, 12.2±3.1% in %FAT, 53.2±5.4ml/min/kg in VO2max) fully acknowledged and signed informed consent and participated in this study. Fasting blood samples were drawn before each VO2max test, serum MG53 was measured by ELISA kits (LifeSpan, USA). Two VO2max tests were performed on each of these sixteen participants with cycle ergometer, and they had a 7 weeks regular physical training (all individuals performed a same routine summer camp exercise training) between the two tests. Difference between groups was determined by UNIANOVA and the correlation coefficient (r) between the cardiorespiratory parameters and serum MG53 value was determined by pearson test.
Results Results were divided into 3 groups according to serum MG53 levels, they are Low serum MG53 (n=5, 0.60±0.45 ng/ml) group (L), Medium serum MG53 (n=6, 2.08±0.75 ng/ml) group (M) and High serum MG53 (n=4, 4.23±1.80 ng/ml) group (H). There is no significant difference between M and L when comparing end tidal gas component. However, we found M had higher red blood cell count (RBC) than L (4.98±0.22 vs 4.65±0.31 *1012/L, p<0.01), higher hemoglobin (Hb) than L (155.3±7.6 vs 141. 5±8.1 g/L, p<0.01), and higher hematocrit (HCT) than L (46.6±2.1 vs 43.1±2.6 %, p<0.01). Moreover, we found that H had higher ventilation threshold (VT) than L (47.5±6.5 vs 38.6±3.9 ml/min/kg, p<0.01) and M (47.5±6.5 vs 42.5±2.8 ml/min/kg, p<0.05). Similarly, we found H had higher VO2max than L (59.6±4.7 vs 51.6±6.7 ml/min/kg, p<0.05), higher workload at VT than L (13.2±3.7 vs 11.1±1.7 Watts, p<0.05), higher RBC than L (5.20±0.18 vs 4.65±0.31 *1012/L, p<0.01), higher Hb than L (158.8±4.2 vs 141. 5±8.1 g/L, p<0.01), and higher HCT than L (47.4±1.5 vs 43.1±2.6 %, p<0.01 ). Correlation analysis demonstrated that VO2max(r=0.43, p<0.05), workload at VT (r=0.41, p<0.05), RBC (r=0.53, p<0.01), Hb (r=0.57, p<0.01) and HCT (r=0.47, p<0.01) are positively correlated with Serum MG53.
Conclusions It suggested that human serum MG53 level might be positively correlated with cardiorespiratory parameters that have been tested (e.g. VO2max, workload at VT, RBC, HCT and Hb).
PO-288 Research on Norm Construction and Evaluating Levels of 20-m Running in Preschool Children
Authors: Li Chuikun , Li Xue , Yuan Qiongjia , Zhao Zheng , Li Lan , Tang Lin 
Published: October 2018

Objective The study tested young children's 20-m running in Chengdu, analyzed of the characteristics of change in age and gender, to construct the norm and evaluation system of the 20-m running of young children and provide the basis for assessing children's sports ability and physical fitness. The results can used as one of the children's physical fitness evaluation content.
Methods The stratified random sampling method was used to select kindergarten children in from 25 kindergartens in a district of Chengdu, and totally, 3089 children of 3-6 years old were tested．The best scores by two trials were used as the 20-m running performance.
Results With the growth of the age, young children's 20 m running is gradually increased. There are significant differences in the mean values of boys and girls aged 3, 4, 5 and 6 (F = 228.696, F = 366.477, P < 0.01). Compared with boys and girls of the same age group, boys are superior to girls, and there is no significant difference between boys and girls aged 6 (F = 0.879, P > 0.05). The differences in other groups were statistically significant (F=0.138, F=0.204, F=0.133, P < 0.01). The percentile 10, 25, 50, 75, 90 values of the 20 m running of young children were recorded, respectively, and according to the statistical percentile method to divide the evaluation grade standards, the test results of the 10th, 25th, 75th and 90th percentage site test results were selected to develop the five-level rating system of children's 20 m running.
Conclusions With the growth of the age, young children's 20 m running is gradually increased, and there are significant differences between groups. It is suggested that the flexibility of nervous processes, the coordination of the body, the flexibility of joints and muscles, and the strength and endurance of muscles are gradually enhanced in children. Constructed the norm and five-grade evaluation system of preschool children's 20 m running, and provided the basis for formulating the grade standard of preschool children's physique evaluation in the future.
Superconvergent discontinuous Galerkin methods for nonlinear parabolic initial and boundary value problems
Authors: Yadav Sangita , Pani Amiya K. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
In this article, we discuss error estimates for nonlinear parabolic problems using discontinuous Galerkin methods which include HDG method in the spatial direction while keeping time variable continuous. When piecewise polynomials of degree k ⩾ 1 are used to approximate both the potential as well as the flux, it is shown that the error estimate for the semi-discrete flux in L∞(0, T; L2)-norm is of order k + 1. With the help of a suitable post-processing of the semi-discrete potential, it is proved that the resulting post-processed potential converges with order of convergence
$\begin{array}{}
\displaystyle
O\big(\!\sqrt{{}\log(T/h^2)}\,h^{k+2}\big)
\end{array}$ in L∞(0, T; L2)-norm. These results extend the HDG analysis of Chabaud and Cockburn [Math. Comp. 81 (2012), 107–129] for the heat equation to non-linear parabolic problems.
Pediatric Emergency Department Visits for Homelessness After Shelter Eligibility Policy Change
Authors: Stewart Amanda M. , Kanak Mia M. , Gerald Alana M. , Kimia Amir A. , Landschaft Assaf , Sandel Megan T. , Lee Lois K. 
Published: October 2018

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
In 2012, Massachusetts changed its emergency shelter eligibility policy for homeless families. One new criterion to document homelessness was staying in a location “not meant for human habitation,” and the emergency department (ED) fulfilled this requirement. Our aim for this study is to analyze the frequency and costs of pediatric ED visits for homelessness before and after this policy.

METHODS:
This is a retrospective study of ED visits for homelessness at a children’s hospital from March 2010 to February 2016. A natural language processing tool was used to identify cases, which were manually reviewed for inclusion. We compared demographic and homelessness circumstance characteristics and conducted an interrupted time series analysis to compare ED visits by homeless children before and after the policy. We compared the change in ED visits for homelessness to the number of homeless children in Massachusetts. We analyzed payment data for each visit.

RESULTS:
There were 312 ED visits for homelessness; 95% (n = 297) of visits were after the policy. These visits increased 4.5 times after the policy (95% confidence interval: 1.33 to 15.23). Children seen after the policy were more likely to have no medical complaint (rate ratio: 3.27; 95% confidence interval: 1.18 to 9.01). Although the number of homeless children in Massachusetts increased 1.4 times over the study period, ED visits for homelessness increased 13-fold. Payments (average: $557 per visit) were &gt;4 times what a night in a shelter would cost; 89% of payments were made through state-based insurance plans.

CONCLUSIONS:
A policy change to Massachusetts’ shelter eligibility was associated with increased pediatric ED visits for homelessness along with substantial health care costs.