bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transforming school culture through inquiry-driven learning and iPads
Authors: Thumlert Kurt , Owston Ron , Malhotra Taru 
Published: February 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of a commissioned research study that analyzed a schooling initiative with the ambitious goal of transforming learning environments across the district by advancing innovative, inquiry-driven pedagogical practices combined with 1:1 iPad distribution. The paper explores impacts of the initiative on pedagogical innovation, twenty-first century learning, and related impacts on professional learning, collaboration, and culture change in the pilot schools analyzed in the study.

Design/methodology/approach
A multi-dimensional case study approach was used to analyze how the initiative was implemented, and to what extent teaching, learning, and professional cultures were transformed, based on action plan inputs and “change drivers”. Research methods included structured, open-ended interviews conducted with randomly selected teachers and key informants in leadership roles, focus groups held with students, as well as analysis of policy documents, student work samples, and other data sources.

Findings
The authors found evidence of a synergistic relationship between innovations in inquiry-driven pedagogy and professional learning cultures, with evidence of increased collaboration, deepened engagement and persistence, and a climate of collegiality and risk-taking at both classroom and organizational levels. Based on initiative inputs, the authors found that innovations in collaborative technology/pedagogy practices in classrooms paralleled similar innovations and transformations in professional learning cultures and capacity-building networks.

Practical implications
This initiative analyzed in this paper provides a case study in large-scale system change, offering a compelling model for transformative policies and initiatives where interwoven innovations in pedagogy and technology mobilization are supported by multiple drivers for formal and informal professional learning/development and networked collaboration. Challenges and recommendations are highlighted in the concluding discussion.

Originality/value
The transformative initiative analyzed in this paper provides a very timely case-model for innovations in twenty-first century learning and, specifically, for enacting and sustaining large-scale system change where inquiry-driven learning and technology tools are being mobilized to support “deep learning”, “new learning partnerships”, and multilevel transformations in professional learning (Fullan and Donnelly, 2013). This research advances scholarly work in the areas of twenty-first century learning, identifying relationships between technology/pedagogy innovation and professional capital building (Hargreaves and Fullan, 2012).
Will China’s entrepreneurial migrant managers awaken Africa’s dream of becoming the next factory of the world?
Authors: Leavy Brian 
Published: February 2018

Purpose
China’s biggest contribution to Africa’s modernization is more likely to come from the rapidly expanding number of Chinese migrants determined to seek their fortunes by setting up manufacturing businesses across the continent, according to Irene Yuan Sun in her new book The Next Factory of the World: How Chinese Investment is Reshaping Africa. She is interviewed by S&L contributing editor Brian Leavy.

Design/methodology/approach
Irene Sun, a senior McKinsey consultant has spent years researching infrastructure modernization and manufacturing expansion in Africa for her new book.

Findings
China is the fastest-growing source of foreign investment in Africa, and this has enormous consequences for Africa and for the global economy.

Practical implications
Nowadays, a lot of the managers with the needed skills and resilience are Chinese people who worked their way up in factories in China in conditions that not so long ago were very similar to what’s in Africa today.

Originality/value
Sun’s big insight: “I’d like Westerners to understand that China’s activities in Africa don’t represent a threat, either to Africa or to the West.” For Western observers who are alarmed by China’s strategy of investing in African infrastructure to gain favorable access to its natural resources she offers a new context: China’s experience at industrialization under primitive conditions can transform Africa into the next Factory of the World.
Fertilising semi‐natural grasslands may cause long‐term negative effects on both biodiversity and ecosystem stability
Authors: Melts Indrek , Lanno Kaire , Sammul Marek , Uchida Kei , Heinsoo Katrin , Kull Tiiu , Laanisto Lauri 
Published: February 2018

Abstract

Some short‐term experiments in applied ecology and agricultural research have demonstrated that nutrient applications in semi‐natural grasslands can maintain productivity and will not result in the decrease of plant species richness. Such findings may have an impact on management choices and quality of valuable plant communities, and therefore, further discussion of this topic is necessary.

We highlight three aspects regarding the management suggestions in grassland communities with high biodiversity: (1) short‐term study results may not reflect potential long‐term changes; (2) broad range of grasslands may respond to disturbance in site specific ways; and (3) practical advices should contain careful consideration of existing ecological literature regarding grassland management and sustainable biodiversity.

Synthesis and applications. Considering effects of fertilisation on biodiversity, we argue against nutrient application to semi‐natural grasslands. Biodiversity supports the resilience of grassland ecosystems and maintains a stable biomass yield. Current short‐term experiments are good indicators about the need for a long‐term experiments and meta‐analysis for detailed understanding of ecosystem functions in different types and areas during global change.
rs294775 is a cis‐regulatory SNP for human UGT2B10
Authors: Ruan Ji , Yang Yu‐Chen , Long Fu‐Quan , Sun Chang 
Published: February 2018

SummaryUGT2B10 is an important metabolism enzyme in human body and its substrates include multiple amine‐containing compounds, especially nicotine, tamoxifen and multiple antidepressants. Multiple common SNPs have been observed in its promoter region, but their role in expression regulation has never been investigated. In this preliminary study, we identified a novel cis‐regulatory SNP, rs294775, for UGT2B10 by plasmid construction, mutagenesis, and luciferase assay, whose mechanism was also investigated. Our work provides a basis for further pharmacogenetics study.
Seeking certainty through narrative closure: men's stories of prostate cancer treatments in a state of liminality
Authors: Pietilä Ilkka , Jurva Raisa , Ojala Hanna , Tammela Teuvo 
Published: February 2018

AbstractRadical treatments of prostate cancer often lead to a pervasive liminal state that is characterised by multiple uncertainties that relate both to a possible recurrence of cancer and recovery from side effects, such as erectile and urinary dysfunctions. Liminality can make it difficult for cancer patients to narrate their experiences, as their stories lack a definite ending. After interviews with 22 Finnish men who had undergone radical prostatectomy, we analysed how men produce closure in their illness narratives. Focusing on the timelines of control visits or their anticipated recovery from side effects, these interviewees sought provisional certainty within a seemingly chaotic future. By locating erectile dysfunction in the wider context of a life‐course and interpreting their fading sexuality as a ‘natural’ consequence of ageing, these men were adjusting to their post‐operative lives. Our study further shows that the inability to adjust personal experiences to positive culturally available storylines that provide a chance for the narrative reconstruction of life, can cause materialised negative consequences, such as relationship breakdowns.
Chikungunya: A rheumatologist's perspective
Authors: Sharma Shefali Khanna , Jain Sanjay 
Published: February 2018

AbstractChikungunya (CHIK), a viral infection, is transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes. It is characterized by a phase of acute infection, which is sometimes followed by chronic rheumatisim in the form of arthralgia or myalgia that can last for months and even years. Several studies have been conducted to understand the mechanisms underlying inflammation associated with CHIK infection, persistence of viruses in monocytes‐macrophages, and their relationship to the chronic symptoms. Chronic arthritis is one of the serious complications of CHIK infection, which is characterized by swelling and acute pain that poorly responds to treatment with analgesics. Such debilitating chronic joint pain mimics that of rheumatic arthritis and significantly compromises the quality of life. Diagnosis is primarily based on the initial viral detection using molecular methods or the use of virus culture, and on the basis of an immune response in the later stages. In the absence of published guidelines, physicians are often limited to prescribing analgesics and steroids for symptomatic care, as there is no accurate approach for the treatment and management of pain. This review aims to focus on the need for appropriate guidelines that will aid in developing suitable pharmacologic treatment to manage pain associated with post‐CHIK chronic inflammatory rheumatism.
MAGE‐A gene expression in peripheral blood serves as a poor prognostic marker for patients with lung cancer
Authors: Gu Lina , Sang Meixiang , Yin Danjing , Liu Fei , Wu Yunyan , Liu Shina , Huang Weina , Shan Baoen 
Published: February 2018

BackgroundMAGE‐A genes belong to the cancer/testis antigens family. The prognostic significance of MAGE‐A expression in the peripheral blood of patients with lung cancer is unknown. Therefore, this study evaluated the expression and possible prognostic significance of MAGE‐A in the peripheral blood of patients with lung cancer.MethodsIn this study, we detected MAGE‐A gene expression in the peripheral blood of 150 patients with lung cancer and 30 healthy donors using multiplex semi‐nested PCR and analyzed their correlation with clinicopathological risk factors.ResultsMAGE‐A expression was associated with factors indicating poor prognosis. The expression of MAGE‐A and each individual MAGE‐A gene were also associated with low overall survival in patients with lung cancer.ConclusionThe expression of MAGE‐A genes in peripheral blood may act as a poor prognostic marker in patients with lung cancer.
Nicotine‐Use/Smoking Is Associated with the Efficacy of Naltrexone in the Treatment of Alcohol Dependence
Authors: Anton Raymond F. , Latham Patricia K. , Voronin Konstantin E. , Randall Patrick K. , Book Sarah W. , Hoffman Michaela , Schacht Joseph P. 
Published: February 2018

BackgroundThe opioid antagonist naltrexone is not efficacious for every alcohol treatment seeker. However, various individual factors, such as genetic differences and nicotine‐use/smoking status, have been suggested as predictors of naltrexone response. In a randomized clinical trial, we previously reported that nicotine‐use/smoking status might be a stronger predictor of naltrexone efficacy than OPRM1 A118G single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotype. In this report, we further characterize the nicotine‐users in that trial, examine other drinking outcomes, examine the influence of smoking change on naltrexone effects on drinking, and validate the result in smokers with disialo carbohydrate‐deficient transferrin (%dCDT) change as an independent biomarker of response.MethodsIndividuals (n = 146) meeting DSM‐IV criteria for alcohol dependence who were genotyped for the OPRM1 A118G SNP and who did, or did not, use nicotine/cigarettes were randomized, in a balanced fashion, to naltrexone (50 mg/d) or placebo and provided medical management (MM) over a 16‐week clinical trial. Alcohol use and smoking during the trial were assessed and analyzed.ResultsNicotine‐use/smoking status significantly interacted with medication in reducing percent heavy drinking days (PHDD) during the trial (p = 0.003), such that nicotine‐users/smokers showed significantly lower PHDD on naltrexone versus placebo (p = 0.0001, Cohen's d = 0.89), while nonusers showed no significant difference between naltrexone and placebo (p = 0.95, Cohen's d = 0.02). Similar effects were shown for drinks per day and percent days drinking. The superiority of naltrexone over placebo on PHDD reduction in nicotine‐users/smokers was confirmed with %dCDT (Cohen's d range 0.3 to 0.9 over the study). Naltrexone did not significantly change cigarette use in smokers, and change in use did not influence naltrexone's effect on PHDD.ConclusionsThese data confirm past findings that naltrexone is more efficacious in those who use nicotine/cigarettes. Compared to previous work on the OPRM1 A118G SNP, it appears that nicotine‐use might be a more salient predictor of naltrexone treatment response. While naltrexone did not change cigarette use during the study, and smoking change was not related to alcohol reduction, it should be noted that participants were not seeking smoking cessation and MM did not address this issue.
Comparative effect of antipsychotics on risk of self‐harm among patients with schizophrenia
Authors: Ma C.‐H. , Chang S.‐S. , Tsai H.‐J. , Gau S. S.‐F. , Chen I.‐M. , Liao S.‐C. , Chien Y.‐L. , Hsieh M. H. , Wu C.‐S. 
Published: February 2018

ObjectiveTo investigate the association of different antipsychotic treatments with hospitalization due to self‐harm among patients with schizophrenia.MethodThis retrospective cohort study was based on Taiwan's universal health insurance database. Patients aged 15–45 years with a newly diagnosed schizophrenic disorder in 2001–2012 were included. The study outcome was the first hospitalization due to self‐harm or undetermined injury after the diagnosis of schizophrenic disorders. The exposure status of antipsychotics was modeled as a time‐dependent variable. The analyses were stratified by antipsychotic dosage based on defined daily dose (DDD).ResultsAmong 70 380 patients with a follow‐up of 500 355 person‐years, 2272 self‐harm hospitalization episodes were identified. Compared with none or former use, current use of several second‐generation antipsychotics with a dose of one DDD or above, including amisulpride, aripiprazole, clozapine, risperidone, and sulpiride, was associated with decreased risk of self‐harm hospitalization, with clozapine showing the strongest effect (adjusted rate ratio = 0.26, 95% confidence interval 0.15–0.47).ConclusionThe protective effect on self‐harm may vary across different antipsychotics. Further studies are needed to replicate the findings.
A novel homozygous missense variant in NECTIN4 (PVRL4) causing ectodermal dysplasia cutaneous syndactyly syndrome
Authors: Ahmad Farooq , Nasir Abdul , Thiele Holger , Umair Muhammad , Borck Guntram , Ahmad Wasim 
Published: February 2018

AbstractEctodermal dysplasia syndactyly syndrome 1 (EDSS1) is a rare form of ectodermal dysplasia including anomalies of hair, nails, and teeth along with bilateral cutaneous syndactyly of hands and feet. In the present report, we performed a clinical and genetic characterization of a consanguineous Pakistani family with four individuals affected by EDSS1. We performed exome sequencing using DNA of one affected individual. Exome data analysis identified a novel homozygous missense variant (c.242T>C; p.(Leu81Pro)) in NECTIN4 (PVRL4). Sanger sequencing validated this variant and confirmed its cosegregation with the disease phenotype in the family members. Thus, our report adds a novel variant to the NECTIN4 mutation spectrum and contributes to the NECTIN4‐related clinical characterization.
Colchicine in dermatology: A review
Authors: Robinson Kieran P , Chan Jonathan J 
Published: February 2018

AbstractColchicine is an anti‐inflammatory agent that has been used for decades for the treatment of various diseases including gout, familial Mediterranean fever and pericarditis and in recent years for dermatological indications including chronic urticaria, cutaneous vasculitis and psoriasis. Despite its efficacy in various cutaneous diseases, the use of colchicine may be limited by concerns over its side‐effects and the potential for toxicity. This article reviews the current literature on the pharmacology of colchicine and its clinical applications in dermatology.
A life worth living: Temporality, care, and personhood in the Danish welfare state
Authors: SVENDSEN METTE N. , NAVNE LAURA E. , GJØDSBØL IBEN M. , DAM MIE S. 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACTCaregiving can be conceptualized as involving practices of substitution, in which doctors, nurses, and health assistants step into the subject positions of their charges in order to sustain their personhood and compensate for their reduced capacities. Fieldwork in Denmark at three sites—a neonatal intensive care unit, a research laboratory using piglets as animal models, and a dementia nursing home—shows that temporality is a key component in substitution, as caregivers imagine their charges’ temporal horizons when stimulating their personhood in the ambiguous zone between life and death. Substitution practices redirect our attention from the question ofwhat it meansto be human towhat it takesto, for example, turn premature infants, research piglets, and people with dementia into beings with worthy lives. [personhood, substitution, temporality, neonatology, animal science, dementia care, Denmark]
Two deaths and a funeral: Ritual inscriptions’ affordances for mourning and moral personhood in Vietnam
Authors: SHOHET MERAV 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACTMortuary rituals constitute the social nature of death and mourning, often working to ease painful transitions for the deceased and bereaved. In Vietnam, such rituals involve objects, including commodified yet personalized text‐artifacts like banners and placards bearing inscriptions in various scripts that are associated with various affects and different political‐economic regimes. The material, orthographic, semantic, spatial, and temporal organization of these text‐artifacts mobilize sentiments and structure ethical relations at a funeral. Together, they act as prescriptive affordances intended to discipline mourners’ grief. Yet while these objects reflect how subjects valorize “tradition,” their affective force exceeds the bounded subjunctive world fostered by ritual, and it may retrospectively limit possibilities for moral personhood. [death, mourning, affect/emotion, literacy, ritual, late socialism, Vietnam]
Morbidity and mortality meetings: gold, silver or bronze?
Authors: Vreugdenburg Thomas D. , Forel Deanne , Marlow Nicholas , Maddern Guy J. , Quinn John , Lander Richard , Tobin Stephen 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBackgroundMorbidity and mortality (M&M) meetings contribute to surgical education and improvements in patient care through the review of surgical outcomes; however, they often lack defined structure, objectives and resource support. The aim of this study was to investigate the factors that impact the effective conduct of M&M meetings.MethodsWe conducted a rapid systematic literature review. Three biomedical databases (PubMed, the Cochrane Library and the University of York Centre for Reviews and Dissemination), clinical practice guideline clearinghouses and grey literature sources were searched from May 2009 to September 2016. Studies that evaluated the function of a hospital‐based M&M process were included. Two independent reviewers conducted study selection and data extraction. Study details and key findings were reported narratively.ResultsNineteen studies identified enablers, and seven identified barriers, to the effective conduct of M&M meetings. Enabling factors for effective M&M meetings included a structured meeting format, a structured case identification and presentation, and a systems focus. Absence of key personnel from meetings, lack of education regarding the meeting process, poor perceptions of the process, logistical issues and heterogeneity in case evaluation were identified as barriers to effective M&M meetings.ConclusionTaking steps to standardize and incorporate the enabling factors into M&M meetings will ensure that the valuable time spent reviewing M&M is used effectively to improve patient care.
HELLP syndrome, risk factors in first and second pregnancy: a population‐based cohort study
Authors: Malmström Ola , Morken Nils‐Halvdan 
Published: February 2018

AbstractIntroductionHELLP syndrome (hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet count) may have specific risk factors and risk factors varying from first to second pregnancy. The aims of the study were to estimate the risk of HELLP syndrome by potential risk factors in first and second pregnancy, respectively.Material and methodsA population‐based cohort study including all women in Norway having their first baby (≥22 gestational weeks) during 1999 to 2014, registered in the Medical Birth Registry (n = 418 897). A subset of women with at least two births (n = 249 070) was used for estimates in second pregnancy. Relative risks with 95% CIs for HELLP syndrome were estimated using logistic regression and adjusted for maternal age and year of childbirth.ResultsBody mass index ≥30 kg/m2 and diabetes were associated with HELLP syndrome in first, but not in second pregnancy. Chronic hypertension and multiple pregnancy were associated with HELLP syndrome both in first and second pregnancy. In second pregnancy the strongest risk factors were a history of HELLP syndrome or preterm preeclampsia in the first. The risk was inversely correlated with gestational age at first delivery. The overall relative risk for recurrence of HELLP syndrome was 54.4 (95% CI 34.3–86.2) and 129.5 (95% CI 45.7–367.2) after HELLP syndrome before 29 weeks of gestation in first pregnancy.ConclusionsImportant risk factors for HELLP syndrome differ from first to second pregnancy. HELLP syndrome in second pregnancy is rare, but the relative risk is very high in women with HELLP syndrome or preterm preeclampsia in their first pregnancy.
Patterns of use of near‐infrared spectroscopy in neonatal intensive care units: international usage survey
Authors: Hunter Carol Lu , Oei Ju Lee , Suzuki Keiji , Lui Kei , Schindler Timothy 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAimTo assess uptake and applications of near‐infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) by neonatal intensive care units (NICUs).MethodsA pre‐piloted online questionnaire was distributed in May 2015 to 12 perinatal societies in Asia, Europe, Australasia, North America and Middle East for dissemination to NICUs. Questions surveyed demographics, NIRS research/clinical applications, usage frequency, training approaches and target infant populations.ResultsIn total, 255 responses from 235 NICUs were obtained. Of these, 85 (36%) owned a NIRS device. Australian and New Zealand NICUs were more likely to own NIRS technology than Asian (OR 1.12, 95% CI: 0.38–3.37) and North American (OR 2.63, 95% CI: 1.07–6.45) NICUs. A total of 69 (71%) used NIRS within clinical or mixed clinical‐research settings, however routine reliance for management and prognostication was low (9% and 3%, respectively). Of those without NIRS technology, 96 (64%) had no acquisition intentions. The main limiting factors were controversial evidence on efficacy (59%) and financial considerations (50%). About 51% of respondents received in‐house NIRS training and 32% had access to written guidelines.ConclusionThere is considerable geographical variation in NIRS usage in NICUs that is, on the whole, limited by consumer perception of lack of evidence for its clinical utility. This knowledge gap should be addressed by future research.