bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Success of non‐surgical periodontal therapy in adult periodontitis patients: A retrospective analysis
Authors: Van der Weijden G.A. (Fridus) , Dekkers Gijs J. , Slot Dagmar E. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the results of active non‐surgical treatment in patients diagnosed with adult periodontitis treated in a specialized clinic for periodontology.Material & MethodsIn total, 1182 patients with adult periodontitis received active non‐surgical therapy, which involved professional oral hygiene instruction, scaling and root planing, supragingival polishing and elective systemic antimicrobial medication. The results of this therapy were based on a full‐mouth periodontal chart as assessed at the time of evaluation. Successful treatment as periodontal pocket depth (PPD) ≤5 mm was the main outcome parameter with bleeding on pocket probing as secondary outcome. Patient‐related factors such as smoking and severity of periodontitis at baseline and site‐related factors such as tooth type, furcation involvement and endodontic treatment were analysed. Possible relations with assessed parameters and the success of active periodontal therapy were evaluated.ResultsOverall 39% of the patients reached the successful treatment objective and a mean bleeding on pocket probing tendency of 14%. Treatment success appeared to be dependent on tooth type where the results at single‐rooted front teeth (85%) and premolar teeth (78%) were more successful than at molar teeth (47%). Analysis revealed that in 55% of the cases furcation involvement at molars was associated with the absence of success. Endodontic treatment was associated with absence of success in 8%‐11% of the cases. Smoking negatively influences successful treatment outcome (P < 0.001).ConclusionActive non‐surgical periodontal therapy in patients with adult periodontitis resulted in approximately one third of the cases in the success endpoint of PPD ≤ 5mm. Sub‐analysis showed that the outcome appeared to be dependent on tooth type, furcation involvement, severity of periodontal disease at intake and smoking status.
Combined effect of microwave and ultrasonication treatments on the quality and stability of sugarcane juice during cold storage
Authors: Zia Sania , Khan Moazzam Rafiq , Zeng Xin‐An , Sehrish   , Shabbir Muhammad Asim , Aadil Rana Muhammad 
Published: April 2019

SummaryThe main objective of this study was to investigate the combined effect of microwave (MW) treatment (2450 MHz for 120 s), ultrasonication (US) (24 KHz, 20 °C for 20 min) and combined treatment (MW‐US) on the quality and stability of sugarcane juice (SCJ) during 21 days of storage at 4 °C. The effect of the treatments and storage time on physicochemical, bioactive compounds (total phenolic, flavonoids and ascorbic acid content) and microbial analysis of SCJ. No significant (P < 0.05) changes were observed in °Brix, while there was an increase in pH and a decrease in titratable acidity in all treatments. Compared to US and MW, MW‐US treatments was more effective in preserving colour attributes, total phenolic and flavonoids contents, ascorbic acid and antioxidant capacities of the SCJ during storage. The results regarding the microbial count indicate that more microbial safety and longer shelf life was achieved by MW‐US. MW‐US treatment is an effective technology for improving the safety and shelf life of SCJ by minimising quality changes, retaining bioactive compounds and reducing microbial growth during storage.
Correlative metabolite profiling approach to understand antioxidant and antimicrobial activities from citrus essential oils
Authors: Lamine Myriam , Rahali Fatma Zohra , Hammami Majdi , Mliki Ahmed 
Published: April 2019

SummaryThe objective of this study was to investigate the chemical composition of the essential oils from citrus species, as well as their antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. By gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry, we identified thirty‐seven metabolites and a range of unique compounds, contributing to the discrimination of the species. Different biological potentialities were detected depending on the species supported the significant effect of the genetic factor. C. aurantium and C. limon exhibited the highest antioxidant activities which make them a potential source of natural preservative. C. limon exhibited the highest antibacterial activities and C. reticulata the highest antifungal activities. Essential oils extracted from these agro‐wastes could serve as natural food preservatives to prevent food pathogens and then extending the shelf life. A set of potential metabolites could be implicated in the observed biological activity, underlying that the antimicrobial activity is a complex trait.
The effect of the 2009 WIC food package change on childhood obesity varies by gender and initial weight status in Los Angeles County
Authors: Chaparro M. Pia , Anderson Christopher E. , Crespi Catherine M. , Whaley Shannon E. , Wang May C. 
Published: April 2019

SummaryObjectiveTo assess whether the effect of the 2009 women, infants, and children (WIC) food package change on obesity outcomes varies by initial weight status and gender.MethodsUsing 2003 to 2016 data from Los Angeles County, we compared growth trajectories and obesity at age 4 years among children exposed to WIC after the food package change (n = 53 075) vs children exposed before (n = 53 075). Analyses were stratified by gender and initial weight status: low weight‐for‐height z‐score (WHZ ≤ 25th percentile), average WHZ (25th < WHZ < 75th percentile), and high WHZ (WHZ ≥ 75th percentile). Within strata, children exposed to the new vs old packages were matched on sociodemographic characteristics and compared using growth models and Poisson regression.ResultsMean WHZ trajectories for children exposed to the new food package, compared with the old, tended to be lower during ages 1 to 5 years. For boys, the new food package was associated with 10% to 14% lower obesity risk at age 4 years in all initial weight status strata. For girls, the new package was associated with 16% lower obesity risk at age 4 years only for those with average WHZ at baseline.ConclusionsThe change in WIC food packages appears to be associated with obesity prevention benefits for boys regardless of initial weight status, with more limited benefits for girls.
Mitochondrial implications in human pregnancies with intrauterine growth restriction and associated cardiac remodelling
Authors: Guitart‐Mampel Mariona , Juarez‐Flores Diana L. , Youssef Lina , Moren Constanza , Garcia‐Otero Laura , Roca‐Agujetas Vicente , Catalan‐Garcia Marc , Gonzalez‐Casacuberta Ingrid , Tobias Ester , Milisenda José C. , Grau Josep M. , Crispi Fàtima , Gratacos Eduard , Cardellach Francesc , Garrabou Glòria 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIntrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is an obstetric complication characterised by placental insufficiency and secondary cardiovascular remodelling that can lead to cardiomyopathy in adulthood. Despite its aetiology and potential therapeutics are poorly understood, bioenergetic deficits have been demonstrated in adverse foetal and cardiac development. We aimed to evaluate the role of mitochondria in human pregnancies with IUGR. In a single‐site, cross‐sectional and observational study, we included placenta and maternal peripheral and neonatal cord blood mononuclear cells (PBMC and CBMC) from 14 IUGR and 22 control pregnancies. The following mitochondrial measurements were assessed: enzymatic activities of mitochondrial respiratory chain (MRC) complexes I, II, IV, I + III and II + III, oxygen consumption (cell and complex I‐stimulated respiration), mitochondrial content (citrate synthase [CS] activity and mitochondrial DNA copy number), total ATP levels and lipid peroxidation. Sirtuin3 expression was evaluated as a potential regulator of bioenergetic imbalance. Intrauterine growth restriction placental tissue showed a significant decrease of MRC CI enzymatic activity (P < 0.05) and CI‐stimulated oxygen consumption (P < 0.05) accompanied by a significant increase of Sirtuin3/β‐actin protein levels (P < 0.05). Maternal PBMC and neonatal CBMC from IUGR patients presented a not significant decrease in oxygen consumption (cell and CI‐stimulated respiration) and MRC enzymatic activities (CII and CIV). Moreover, CS activity was significantly reduced in IUGR new‐borns (P < 0.05). Total ATP levels and lipid peroxidation were preserved in all the studied tissues. Altered mitochondrial function of IUGR is especially present at placental and neonatal level, conveying potential targets to modulate obstetric outcome through dietary interventions aimed to regulate Sirtuin3 function.
The influence of an anti‐inflammatory diet on gingivitis. A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Woelber Johan P. , Gärtner Maximilian , Breuninger Lilian , Anderson Annette , König Daniel , Hellwig Elmar , Al‐Ahmad Ali , Vach Kirstin , Dötsch Andreas , Ratka‐Krüger Petra , Tennert Christian 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAimAim of this study was to investigate the influence of an anti‐inflammatory diet on different parameters in patients with gingivitis.Materials and MethodsThirty patients were randomly allocated to an experimental and a control group stratified by their plaque values. The experimental group had to change to a diet low in processed carbohydrates and animal proteins, and rich in omega‐3 fatty acids, vitamin C, vitamin D, antioxidants, plant nitrates and fibres for 4 weeks. The control group did not change their diet. Both groups suspended interdental cleaning. Periodontal parameters were assessed by a blinded dentist. Serological and subgingival plaque samples were taken at baseline and end.ResultsWhile there were no differences regarding the plaque values, the experimental group showed a significant reduction in gingival bleeding (GI Baseline: 1.04 ± 0.21, GI End: 0.61 ± 0.29, p < 0.05), a significant increase in Vitamin D values and a significant weight loss. There were no inter‐group differences regarding the inflammatory serological parameters, the serological omega fatty acids, nor the subgingival microbiome composition.ConclusionThe evaluated diet could significantly reduce gingivitis in a clinically relevant range, while serological inflammatory parameters and the subgingival microbiome seem to be unaffected in this study duration. (German Clinical Trials Register; DRKS00009888).
Diabetes attenuated age‐related aortic root dilatation in end‐stage renal disease patients receiving peritoneal dialysis
Authors: Ye Min , Zhang Jingwei , Li Jianbo , Liu Yanqiu , He Wei , Lin Hong , Fan Rui , Li Cuiling , Li Wei , Liu Donghong , Yao Fengjuan 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAims/IntroductionRecently, some data have supported the concept that diabetes is negatively associated with aortic aneurysm. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between diabetes and cardiac structural and functional characteristics, in particular, aortic root dimensions, in end‐stage renal disease (ESRD) patients.MethodsESRD patients receiving peritoneal dialysis for >3 months were consecutively enrolled. Clinical features and echocardiographic parameters were analyzed according to the presence of diabetes history. Correlation analyses were carried out for diabetes mellitus and aortic root dilatation. Multiple logistic regression analysis was carried out to identify variables correlated with aortic root dilatation.ResultsA total of 218 ESRD patients receiving peritoneal dialysis were enrolled. Patients with diabetes showed lower left ventricular internal measurements in end‐diastole, left ventricular internal measurements in end‐systole and aortic root diameter (ARD)/body surface area (BSA). Worse cardiac diastolic function was also observed in these patients. In addition, the age‐related increase of ARD/BSA and ARD/height was attenuated in patients with diabetes. With the increase of ARD/BSA, lower levels of serum creatinine, phosphorus and serum glucose, as well as higher serum high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol and apolipoprotein A‐1 were also observed. Increased normalized left ventricular internal measurements were shown in patients with greater ARD/BSA. Multiple regression analysis showed that diabetes (odds ratio 0.353, P = 0.015) was an independent correlate of aortic root dilatation, even after correction for age, sex and other clinical confounders in the enrolled patients.ConclusionsThe present findings shown an inverse association between diabetes and age‐related aortic root dilatation in ESRD patients. Diabetes remained to be independently correlated with aortic root dilatation even after adjustment for age, sex and other clinical confounders in ESRD patients.
Difficulty Hearing Is Associated With Low Levels of Patient Activation
Authors: Chang Ji Eun , Weinstein Barbara E. , Chodosh Joshua , Greene Jessica , Blustein Jan 
Published: April 2019

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVESPatient activation encompasses the knowledge, skills, and confidence that equip adults to participate actively in their healthcare. Patients with hearing loss may be less able to participate due to poor aural communication. We examined whether difficulty hearing is associated with lower patient activation.DESIGNCross‐sectional study.SETTING/PARTICIPANTSA nationally representative sample of Americans aged 65 years and older (n = 13 940) who participated in the Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey (MCBS) during the years 2011 to 2013.MEASUREMENTSelf‐reported degree of difficulty hearing (“no trouble,” “a little trouble,” and “a lot of trouble”) and overall activation based on aggregated scored responses to 16 questions from the MCBS Patient Activation Supplement: low activation (below the mean minus 0.5 SDs), high activation (above the mean plus 0.5 SDs), and medium activation (the remainder). Sociodemographic and self‐reported clinical measures were also included.RESULTS“A little trouble” hearing was reported by 5655 (40.6%) of respondents, and “a lot of trouble” hearing was reported by 893 (6.4%) of respondents. Difficulty hearing was significantly associated with low patient activation: in analyses using multivariable multinomial logistic regression, respondents with “a little trouble” hearing had 1.42 times the risk of low vs high activation (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.27‐1.58), and those with “a lot of trouble” hearing had 1.70 times the risk of low vs high activation (95% CI = 1.29‐2.11), compared with those with “no trouble” hearing.CONCLUSIONSNearly half of people aged 65 years and older reported difficulty hearing, and those reporting difficulty were at risk of low patient activation. That risk rose with increased difficulty hearing. Given the established link between activation and outcomes of care, and in view of the association between hearing loss and poor healthcare quality and outcomes, clinicians may be able to improve care for people with hearing loss by attending to aural communication barriers.
Facial dysplasia in wild forest olive baboons (Papio anubis) in Sebitoli, Kibale National Park, Uganda: Use of camera traps to detect health defects
Authors: Lacroux Camille , Guma Nelson , Krief Sabrina 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundPrimate populations are in decline, mainly affected by agriculture leading to habitat loss, fragmentation but also chemical pollution. Kibale National Park (Uganda), Sebitoli forest, surrounded by tea and crop fields, is the home range of chimpanzees presenting congenital facial dysplasia. This study aimed to identify to what extent the same phenotypical features are observed in baboons (Papio anubis) of this area.MethodsA total of 25 390 clips recorded by 14 camera traps between January 2017 and April 2018 were analyzed.ResultsWe identified 30 immature and adult baboons of both sexes with nose and lip deformities. They were more frequently observed in the northwestern part of the area.ConclusionsA possible effect of pesticides used in crops at the border of their habitat is suspected to alter the embryonic development. This study emphasizes the importance of non‐invasive methods to detect health problems in wild primates that can act as sentinels for human health.
The effectiveness of imiquimod 5% cream as an anti‐wrinkle treatment: A pilot study
Authors: Altalhab Saad 
Published: April 2019

SummaryBackgroundImiquimod 5% cream is currently approved to treat several dermatologic conditions including actinic keratoses (AK), superficial basal cell carcinoma (sBCC), and genital warts. However, there are numerous studies published on the alternative off‐label uses of imiquimod cream. Photoaging of facial skin is an important use for topical skin treatments, yet few studies have evaluated the effect of imiquimod cream for this dermatological condition.MethodsThis was a prospective, noncomparative pilot study. We included 15 healthy subjects; out of them, 11 subjects completed the study. The subjects were instructed to apply imiquimod 5% cream to the periorbital area on three nonconsecutive days per week for eight consecutive weeks. Photographs were obtained at baseline and after 8 weeks of treatment. Improvement in overall periorbital skin appearance was assessed by an independent investigator who compared the baseline and post‐treatment clinical photographs. In addition, post‐treatment self‐assessment was completed by the subjects using a 5‐point Likert scale.ResultsEleven of the 15 subjects completed the 8‐week regimen. Eight participants (72.7%) noticed at least a fair improvement in periorbital skin changes based on the self‐assessed 5‐point Likert scale. Quartile score was also assessed by the investigator which indicated that seven subjects (63.6%) had at least 26% improvement. Based on Fitzpatrick wrinkle‐scoring system, there was a significant reduction in the subjects' wrinkle severity following treatment (6.8 [mean] ± 1.7 [SD] vs 4.6 ± 2.5 [P < 0.005]).ConclusionsImiquimod 5% cream may be a safe alternative anti‐aging treatment. Larger scale studies are needed to confirm these results.
Effects of guanidinoacetic acid on growth performance, creatine metabolism and plasma amino acid profile in broilers
Authors: He Dongting , Yang Libin , Li Juntao , Dong Bing , Lai Wenqing , Zhang Liying 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe objective of this study was to assess the effects of guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) on growth performance, creatine deposition and blood amino acid (AA) profile on broiler chickens. In Exp. 1, a total of 540 one‐day‐old Arbor Acres male broilers (average initial body weight, 45.23 ± 0.35 g) were divided randomly into five treatments with six replicates of 18 chicks each. Broilers were fed corn–soybean meal‐basal diets supplemented with 0, 600, 800, 1,000 or 1,200 mg/kg GAA for 42 days respectively. Results showed that dietary GAA inclusion increased average daily gain (ADG) and improved gain‐to‐feed ratio (G:F) from 1 to 42 days (p < 0.01). However, average daily feed intake was unaffected by dietary supplementation of GAA. As GAA inclusion increased, the contents of creatine in plasma and kidney were increased (linear, p < 0.01), while the contents of GAA and creatine in liver were decreased (linear, p < 0.01). Similarly, GAA supplementation was inversely related to concentrations of most essential AA in plasma. In Exp. 2, a total of 432 one‐day‐old Arbor Acres male broilers (average initial body weight, 39.78 ± 0.58 g) were divided randomly into four treatments with six replicates of 18 chicks each. Birds were fed a corn–soybean meal‐basal diet supplemented with 0, 200, 400 or 600 mg/kg GAA for 42 days respectively. Dietary inclusion of 600 mg/kg GAA significantly increased ADG and G:F of broilers (p < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary supplementation of 600–1,200 mg/kg GAA can effectively improve the growth performance in broiler chickens by affecting creatine metabolism and utilization efficiency of essential AA, and 600 mg/kg GAA is the minimum dose for improving performance.
Relation between ambulatory actigraphy and laboratory polysomnography in insomnia practice and research
Authors: Withrow Dana , Roth Thomas , Koshorek Gail , Roehrs Timothy 
Published: April 2019

AbstractActigraphy is increasingly used in practice and research studies because of its relative low cost and decreased subject burden. How multiple nights of at‐home actigraphy compare to one independent night of in‐laboratory polysomnography (PSG) has not been examined in people with insomnia. Using event markers (MARK) to set time in bed (TIB) compared to automatic program analysis (AUTO) has not been systematically evaluated. Subjects (n = 30) meeting DSM‐5 criteria for insomnia and in‐laboratory PSG sleep efficiency (SE) of <85% were studied. Subjects were free of psychiatric, sleep or circadian disorders, other chronic conditions and medications that effect sleep. Subjects had an in‐laboratory PSG, then were sent home for 7 nights with Philips Actiwatch Spectrum Plus. Data were analysed using Philips Actiware version 6. Using the mean of seven nights, TIB, total sleep time (TST), SE, sleep‐onset latency (SOL) and wake after sleep onset (WASO) were examined. Compared to PSG, AUTO showed longer TIB and TST and less WASO. MARK only differed from PSG with decreased WASO. Differences between the PSG night and the following night at home were found, with better sleep on the first night home. Actigraphy in people with insomnia over seven nights is a valid indicator of sleep compared to an independent in‐laboratory PSG. Event markers increased the validity of actigraphy, showing no difference in TIB, TST, SE and SOL. AUTO was representative of SE and SOL. Increased SE and TST without increased TIB suggests possible compensatory sleep the first at night home after in‐laboratory PSG.
Modeling stereotypes and negative self‐stereotypes as a function of interactions among groups with power asymmetries
Authors: Lagos Rodrigo , Canessa Enrique , Chaigneau Sergio E. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractStereotypes is one of the most researched topics in social psychology. Within this context, negative self‐stereotypes pose a particular challenge for theories. In the current work, we propose a model that suggests that negative self‐stereotypes can theoretically be accounted for by the need to communicate in a social system made up by groups with unequal power. Because our theory is dynamic, probabilistic, and interactionist, we use a computational simulation technique to show that the proposed model is able to reproduce the phenomenon of interest, to provide novel accounts of related phenomena, and to suggest novel empirical predictions. We describe our computational model, our variables' dynamic behavior and interactions, and link our analyses to the literature on stereotypes and self‐stereotypes, the stability of stereotypes (in particular, gender and racial stereotypes), the effects of power asymmetries, and the effects of intergroup contact.