Investigating the mediating role of emotional intelligence in the relationship between internet addiction and mental health among university students
Authors: Zewude Girum Tareke , Gosim Derib , Dawed Seid , Nega Tilaye , Tessema Getachew Wassie , Eshetu Amogne Asfaw 
Published: November 2024

Introduction
The widespread use of the internet has brought numerous benefits, but it has also raised concerns about its potential negative impact on mental health, particularly among university students. This study aims to investigate the relationship between internet addiction and mental health in university students, as well as explore the mediating effects of emotional intelligence in this relationship.

Objective
The main objective of this study was to examine whether internet addiction (dimensions and total) negatively predicts the mental health of university students, with emotional intelligence acting as a mediator.

Methods
To address this objective, a cross-sectional design with an inferential approach was employed. Data were collected using the Wong Law Emotional Intelligence Scale (WLEIS-S), Internet Addiction Scale (IAS), and Keyes’ Mental Health Continuum-Short Form (MHC-SF). The total sample consisted of 850 students from two large public higher education institutions in Ethiopia, of which 334 (39.3%) were females and 516 (60.7%) were males, with a mean age of 22.32 (SD = 4.04). For the purpose of the study, the data were split into two randomly selected groups: sample 1 with 300 participants for psychometric testing purposes, and sample 2 with 550 participants for complex mediation purposes. Various analyses were conducted to achieve the stated objectives, including Cronbach’s alpha and composite reliabilities, bivariate correlation, discriminant validity, common method biases, measurement invariance, and structural equation modeling (confirmatory factor analysis, path analysis, and mediation analysis). Confirmatory factor analysis was performed to assess the construct validity of the WLEIS-S, IAS, and MHC-SF. Additionally, a mediating model was examined using structural equation modeling with the corrected biased bootstrap method.

Results
The results revealed that internet addiction had a negative and direct effect on emotional intelligence (β = –0.180, 95%CI [–0.257, –0.103], p = 0.001) and mental health (β = –0.204, 95%CI [–0.273, –0.134], p = 0.001). Also, Internet Craving and Internet obsession negatively predicted EI (β = –0.324, 95%CI [–0.423, –0.224], p = 0.002) and MH (β = –0.167, 95%CI [–0.260, –0.069], p = 0.009), respectively. However, EI had a significant and positive direct effect on mental health (β = 0.494, 95%CI [0.390, 0.589], p = 0.001). Finally, EI fully mediated the relationship between internet addiction and mental health (β = –0.089, 95%CI [–0.136, –0.049], p = 0.001). Besides The study also confirmed that all the scales had strong internal consistency and good psychometric properties.

Conclusion
This study contributes to a better understanding of the complex interplay between internet addiction, emotional intelligence, and mental health among university students. The findings highlight the detrimental effects of internet addiction on mental health, and the crucial mediating role of emotional intelligence.

Recommendations
The findings discussed in relation to recent literature have practical implications for practitioners and researchers aiming to enhance mental health and reduce internet addiction among university students. Emotional intelligence can be utilized as a positive resource in interventions and programs targeting these issues.