bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Printed Solar Cells and Energy Storage Devices on Paper Substrates
Authors: Brunetti Francesca , Operamolla Alessandra , Castro‐Hermosa Sergio , Lucarelli Giulia , Manca Valerio , Farinola Gianluca M. , Brown Thomas M. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractPaper is a flexible material, commonly used for information storage, writing, packaging, or specialized purposes. It also has strong appeal as a substrate in the field of flexible printed electronics. Many applications, including safety, merchandising, smart labels/packing, and chemical/biomedical sensors, require an energy source to power operation. Here, progress regarding development of photovoltaic and energy storage devices on cellulosic substrates, where one or more of the main material layers are deposited via solution processing or printing, is reviewed. Paper can be used simply as the flexible substrate or, exploiting its porous fiber‐like nature, as an active film by infiltration or copreparation with electronic materials. Solar cells with efficiencies of up to 9% on opaque substrates and 13% on transparent substrates are demonstrated. Recent developments in paper‐based supercapacitors and batteries are also reviewed with maximum achieved capacity of 1350 mF cm−2and 2000 mAh g−1, respectively. Analyzing the literature, it becomes apparent that more work needs to be carried out in continuing to improve peak performance, but especially stability and the application of printing techniques, even roll‐to‐roll processing, over large areas. Paper is not only environmentally friendly and recyclable, but also thin, flexible, lightweight, biocompatible, and inexpensive.
A Monocharged Electret Nanogenerator‐Based Self‐Powered Device for Pressure and Tactile Sensor Applications
Authors: Gong Shaobo , Zhang Jinxi , Wang Chenchen , Ren Kailiang , Wang Zhong Lin 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis study reports a self‐powered pressure sensor based on a monocharged electret nanogenerator (MENG). The sensor exhibits great advantages in terms of high reliability, ease of fabrication, and relatively high sensitivity. The working mechanism of the MENG sensor is studied by both theoretical derivations and finite element analyses to determine the electric potential distribution during the device operation. The MENG sensor exhibits a stable open circuit voltage ≈10 V at a 30.8 kPa pressure and a corresponding sensitivity of 325 mV kPa−1. The stability testing result shows that the device has only ≈5% attenuation after 10 000 cycles of repeated testing at 30.8 kPa pressure. Furthermore, it is found that the MENG sensor responds not only to a dynamic force but also a static force. Finally, a sensor array consisting of nine MENG sensor elements is fabricated. The testing results from the sensor array also reveal that a single touch of the sensor element can immediately light up an LED light at the corresponding position. This device holds great promise for use in future tactile sensors and artificial skin applications.
Precisely Defined Conjugated Oligoelectrolytes for Biosensing and Therapeutics
Authors: Wang Bing , Queenan Bridget N. , Wang Shu , Nilsson K. Peter R. , Bazan Guillermo C. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractConjugated oligoelectrolytes (COEs) are a relatively new class of synthetic organic molecules with, as of yet, untapped potential for use in organic optoelectronic devices and bioelectronic systems. COEs also offer a novel molecular approach to biosensing, bioimaging, and disease therapy. Substantial progress has been made in the past decade at the intersection of chemistry, materials science, and the biological sciences developing COEs and their polymer analogues, namely, conjugated polyelectrolytes (CPEs), into synthetic systems with biological and biomedical utility. CPEs have traditionally attracted more attention in arenas of sensing, imaging, and therapy. However, the precisely defined molecular structures and interactions of COEs offer potential key advantages over CPEs, including higher reliability and fluorescence quantum efficiency, larger diversity of subcellular targeting strategies, and improved selectivity to biomolecules. Here, the unique—and sometimes overlooked—properties of COEs are discussed and the noticeable progress in their use for biological sensing, imaging, and therapy is reviewed.
Machine Learning for Thermal Transport Analysis of Aluminum Alloys with Precipitate Morphology
Authors: Wang Jiaqi , Yousefzadi Nobakht Ali , Blanks James Dean , Shin Dongwon , Lee Sangkeun , Shyam Amit , Rezayat Hassan , Shin Seungha 
Published: January 2019

AbstractA large number of microstructural parameters and a wide range of transport physics impose challenges on thermal transport analysis of alloy. Herein, modern data science techniques are employed to overcome the challenges, pursuing effective calculation of thermal transport properties. This emerging approach is tested for precipitate‐hardened aluminum (Al) alloy with consideration of precipitate morphology. The finite element method (FEM) is employed to create a database of effective thermal conductivity of hypothetical Al alloys with varying precipitate morphological and thermal transport features. Using the FEM‐generated data sets, the correlation analysis is conducted to qualitatively evaluate the importance of various precipitate features. The correlation analysis identifies the surface area, average diameter, and volume fraction of precipitates as the most descriptive features for determining the thermal conductivity of alloys. Afterward machine learning (ML) models are trained to accurately predict the effective thermal conductivity. Comparing the ML predictions with effective thermal conductivity and microstructural information from experiments, precipitate thermal transport properties can be calculated, such as interfacial conductance between Al matrix and precipitate, without atomistic simulations. This research demonstrates the feasibility of data‐driven approaches for effective thermal transport calculation and the promise of the FEM‐generated data analysis for more comprehensive evaluation of metallic alloys.
Toward Computational Design of Catalysts for CO2 Selective Reduction via Reaction Phase Diagram Analysis
Authors: Han Mengru , Fu Xiaoyan , Cao Ang , Guo Chenxi , Chu Wei , Xiao Jianping 
Published: January 2019

AbstractChemical conversion of carbon dioxide (CO2) into value‐added chemicals, for example, ethanol, has been recognized to be one of the most effective ways of carbon sources cycling. However, the selectivity controlling of CO2 reduction is still a challenging problem due to the formation of a variety of products, such as methanol, methane, formic acid, and carbon monoxide, associating with complicated reaction mechanisms. Herein, a simple and effective theoretical analysis of “reaction phases diagram” to understand the selectivity of CO2 reduction, based on the principle of reaction free energies with sequential priority is proposed. Using this principle, the fundamental understanding of the formation of different products in CO2 reduction is rationalized. On the basis of reaction free energies’ analysis, the selectivity trends of CO2 reduction to methane, methanol, and ethanol from a number of experiments are discussed. At the end, the selectivity trends with a computer algorithm of searching full reaction pathways, explaining well the effects from catalyst sizes, substrate observed in experiments, are confirmed.
Water insensitive and solvent‐free synthesis of biodegradable solid–solid phase change materials based on poly (ethylene glycol) for thermal energy storage
Authors: Zhao Yuanyang , Liu Zhimeng , Wang Yi , Liu Qinfeng , Lei Jingxin , Zhou Changlin 
Published: January 2019

AbstractUsually, polyethylene glycol (PEG)‐based biodegradable solid‐solid phase change materials (BSSPCMs) are synthesized with isocyanate and PEG, removing water is necessary due to the sensitivity to water of isocyanate groups. In this study, a water insensitive synthetic scheme based on carboxyl and aziridinyl was employed to prepare PEG‐based BSSPCMs via solvent‐free bulk polymerization: First, a carboxyl modified polyethylene glycol was synthesized through esterification reaction of citric acid and PEG with the molar ratio 2:1. Then, the BSSPCMs were prepared based on an self‐curing and organic solvent‐free process, using trimethylolpropane tris(1‐aziridine propionate) as the cross‐linking agent. The chemical structure, crystalline properties, phase change properties, thermal stability, and reliability were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, polarizing optical microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, and accelerated thermal cycling testing, respectively. Solid–solid phase change behavior was testified by the leakage test. The biodegradation experiment was conducted to prove the biodegradability of solid–solid PCMs. The results indicated that BSSPCMs had a similar crystalline structure to PEG, and the crystal size was smaller than PEG. The phase change temperature of BSSPCMs was in the range of 25–65°C, and the latent heat of phase change materials (PCMs) was about 103–108 J/g. Moreover, the extent of supercooling of BSSPCMs was reduced. Thermogravimetric analysis and accelerated thermal cycling test results confirmed the considerable thermal stability and reliability of BSSPCMs. The prepared PCMs also exhibited a good biodegradability in the natural environment.
3D simulation and parametric analysis of polymer melt flowing through spiral mandrel die for pipe extrusion
Authors: Nie Yi , Hao Jing , Lin Yueh‐Jaw , Sun Wei 
Published: January 2019

AbstractWith the increasing demands for large scale and high productivity, polymer pipes are recently produced using the advanced spiral mandrel dies. However, the fundamental research related to polymer melt flow mechanism in the spiral mandrel die for pipe extrusion is lagging behind. In the present study, the mathematical model for such a complex three‐dimensional non‐isothermal viscous flow of polymer melts obeying power law model was developed based on computational fluid dynamics theory. Finite volume element method was applied to predict the rheological behaviors of polymer melt flowing through the complex flow channel. The essential flow characteristics including velocity, pressure drop, wall shear stress, and temperature were investigated. The effects of both mandrel structure parameters and mass flow rate upon the flow patterns were further discussed. Some recommendations on spiral mandrel die design for pipe production were put forward.
A novel mouse model of adult T‐cell leukemia cell invasion into the spinal cord
Authors: Ohsugi Takeo , Tanaka Shuhei , Iwasaki Keigo , Nagano Yusuke , Kozako Tomohiro , Matsuda Kazuya , Hirose Takuya , Takehana Kazushige 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAdult T‐cell leukemia (ATL) is a mature T‐cell malignancy caused by human T‐cell leukemia virus type I infection, and 10%‐25% of patients show central nervous system (CNS) involvement. CNS involvement significantly reduces survival and there are no effective treatments for CNS involvement. Therefore, an appropriate animal model is required to evaluate the inhibitory effects of novel drugs on the progression of ATL with CNS involvement. Here, we established a mouse model of ATL with CNS involvement using NOD.Cg‐PrkdcscidIl2rgtm1Wjl/SzJ mice inoculated with ATL cells intramuscularly in the postauricular region, and these mice showed paraparesis. Of the 10 mice inoculated with ATL cells intramuscularly (I.M.) at 5 weeks of age, 8 (80%) showed paraparesis, whereas none of the 10 mice inoculated with ATL cells subcutaneously (S.C.) showed paraparesis. In the I.M. group, PCR detected HTLV‐1‐specific genes in the thoracic and lumbar vertebrae; however, in the S.C. group, the vertebrae were negative for HTLV‐1 genes. Histological analysis revealed a particularly high incidence of tumors, characterized by accumulation of the injected cells, in the thoracic vertebrae of mice in the I.M. group. Tumor cell infiltration was relatively high in the bone marrow. Spinal cord compression caused by invasion of the tumor mass outside the pia mater was observed in the thoracic vertebrae of the spinal cord. In conclusion, we have reported a mouse model of tumor growth with paraparesis that may be used to assess novel therapeutic agents for ATL with CNS involvement.
Facile modification of polysulfone hollow‐fiber membranes via the incorporation of well‐dispersed iron oxide nanoparticles for protein purification
Authors: Said Noresah , Hasbullah Hasrinah , Abidin Muhammad Nidzhom Zainol , Ismail Ahmad Fauzi , Goh Pei Sean , Othman Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan , Kadir Siti Hamimah Sheikh Abdul , Kamal Fatmawati , Abdullah Mohd Sohaimi , Ng Be Cheer 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACTProtein existence in wastewater is an important issue in wastewater management because proteins are generally present as contaminants and foulants. Hence, in this study, we focused on designing a polysulfone (PSf) hollow‐fiber membrane embedded with hydrophilic iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) for protein purification by means of ultrafiltration. Before membrane fabrication, the dispersion stability of the IONPs was enhanced by the addition of a stabilizer, namely, citric acid (CA). Next, PSf–IONP–CA nanocomposite hollow‐fiber membranes were prepared via a dry–wet spinning process and then characterized in terms of their hydrophilicity and morphology. Ultrafiltration and adsorption experiments were then conducted with bovine serum albumin as a model protein. The results that an IONP/CA weight ratio of 1:20 contributed to the most stable IONP dispersion. It was also revealed that the membrane incorporated with IONP–CA at a weight ratio of 1:20 exhibited the highest pure water permeability (58.6 L m−2h−1bar−1) and protein rejection (98.5%) while maintaining a low protein adsorption (3.3 μg/cm2). The addition of well‐dispersed IONPs enhanced the separation features of the PSf hollow‐fiber membrane for protein purification. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci.2019,136, 47502.
ReFernment: An R package for annotating RNA editing in plastid genomes
Authors: Robison Tanner A. , Wolf Paul G. 
Published: January 2019

Premise of the StudyIn the absence of cDNA, the annotation of RNA editing in plastomes must be done manually, representing a significant time cost to those studying the organellar genomes of ferns and hornworts.Methods and ResultsWe developed an R package to automatically annotate apparent nonsense mutations in plastid genomes. The software successfully annotates such sites and results in no false positives for data with no sequencing or assembly errors.ConclusionsCompared to manual annotation, ReFernment offers greater speed and accuracy for annotating RNA editing sites. This software should be especially useful for researchers generating large numbers of plastome sequences for taxa with high levels of RNA editing.
Intramolecular Charge Transfer in Kekulé‐ and Non‐Kekulé‐Bridged Bis(triarylamine) Radical Cations: Missing Key Compounds in Organic Mixed‐Valence Systems
Authors: Uebe Masashi , Ito Akihiro 
Published: January 2019

AbstractFrom the viewpoint of para‐meta topological bridging effect on the electronic coupling in organic mixed‐valence (MV) systems, the optically induced and thermally assisted intramolecular charge/spin transfer (ICT/IST) processes have been investigated for three bis(triarylamine) (BTA) radical cations as missing key compounds in very basic BTA MV systems. In contrast to the case of p‐ and m‐dinitrobenzene radical anions, the difference in the strength of electronic coupling (V) was not so large for the present BTA MV radical cations, although they still fall within the paradigm of strong V for para‐linkage and weak V for meta‐linkage. Unexpectedly, it has been found that meta‐phenylenediamine radical cation has an electronic coupling comparable to those in the para‐conjugated BTA‐based MV species, and the ICT/IST rate exceeds the ESR time‐scale. This finding is very encouraging considering that sufficient electronic communication can be ensured even when the redox‐active centers are linked directly by the meta‐phenylene bridge, thus broadening the selection of π‐bridging units for molecule‐based optoelectronics.
Two‐ step synthesis and luminescent properties of BaB2O4:Eu3+ nano/microphosphors prepared from Ba‐B‐O:Eu3+ precursor
Authors: Zhang Hongyan , Feng Xiaoqin , Zhang Wenjuan , Huang Hongsheng 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe BaB2O4:Eu3+ nano/microphosphors with sphere‐, rod‐, and granular‐like morphologies were successfully obtained by a two‐step method using Ba‐B‐O:Eu3+ as the precursor. The structure, morphology and photoluminescent properties of the products were characterized by Fourier transfer infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetry‐differential thermal analysis (TG‐DTA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and photoluminescence (PL). The formation mechanisms of Ba‐B‐O:Eu3+ and BaB2O4:Eu3+ were proposed. The results show that the BaB2O4:Eu3+ could retain the original morphologies of their respective precursors largely. The BaB2O4:Eu3+ prepared by this two‐step method exhibited better morphology, smaller particle size and better crystallinity than when prepared by a solid‐state method. The granular‐like BaB2O4:Eu3+ red phosphor prepared by this two‐step method exhibited stronger PL intensity and better red color purity than when prepared by a solid‐state method.
Association between platelet distribution width and serum uric acid in Chinese population
Authors: Liu Xiaoxia , Wang Huiying , Huang Chao , Meng Zhaowei , Zhang Wenjuan , Li Yongle , Yu Xuefang , Du Xin , Liu Ming , Sun Jinhong , Zhang Qing , Gao Ying , Song Kun , Wang Xing , Zhao Li , Fan Yaguang 
Published: January 2019

AbstractPlatelet distribution width (PDW) is a simple and inexpensive parameter, which could predict activation of coagulation efficiently. And it has been confirmed to have a significant role in many diseases. We aimed to explore the association between PDW and hyperuricemia in a large Chinese cohort. This cross‐sectional study recruited 61,091 ostensible healthy participants (29,259 males and 31,832 females) after implementing exclusion criteria. Clinical data of the enrolled population included anthropometric measurements and serum parameters. Database was sorted by gender, and the association between PDW and hyperuricemia was analyzed after dividing PDW into quartiles. Crude and adjusted odds ratios of PDW for hyperuricemia with 95% confidence intervals were analyzed using binary logistic regression models. We found no significant difference in PDW values between the genders. Males showed significantly higher incidence of hyperuricemia than females. From binary logistic regression models, significant hyperuricemia risks only were demonstrated in PDW quartiles 2 and 3 in males (P < 0.05). This study displayed close association between PDW and hyperuricemia as a risk factor. It is meaningful to use PDW as a clinical risk predictor for hyperuricemia in males. © 2019 BioFactors, 45(3):326–334, 2019
Identification of interactions between multiple components in Socheongryong‐tang using a plant profiling approach
Authors: Oh Hyun‐A , Lee Hyunbeom , Kang Keon Wook , Im Ji Hye , Kim Donghak , Yang Hyun Ok , Jung Byung Hwa 
Published: January 2019

AbstractTraditional herbal medicine consists of multiple components. There are interactions among the components, which affect both potency and toxicity. The preparation of herbal medicines can be a cause of interactions between multicomponents in herbs. To demonstrate the differences in multiherb interactions based on the preparation methods, the changes in the active components in the different preparations of Socheongryong‐tang (SCRT) were evaluated using metabolomics profiling. We performed multicomponent profiling of the decoction of SCRT (SCRTD) and individual herb mixture (SCRTM) using ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (UPLC–QTOF–MS). Active compounds from SCRTD and SCRTM were identified using multivariate analysis, and the activities between the two groups were compared. We also evaluated the anti‐inflammatory effect of SCRT through investigating the protein expression of iNOS and COX‐2 in lipopolysaccharide‐induced macrophage RAW 264.7 cells in both groups. From the multivariate analysis, 53 active compounds that have different intensities between SCRTD and SCRTM were identified. The intensities of those components, such as ephedrines, glycyrrhizic acid, 6‐gingerol and (2E,4E,8Z,10E)‐N‐isobutyl‐2,4,8,10‐dodecatetraenamide, which is newly identified in Asiasarum heterotropoides, were mostly higher in SCRTD than in SCRTM, which was related to the anti‐inflammatory effect. From the iNOS inhibition test, it was found that SCRTD had a stronger anti‐inflammatory effect than SCRTM. It was demonstrated that multicomponent interactions can be changed by the preparation method, and finally the anti‐inflammatory effect in SCRT can be affected.
Microneedle‐based intradermal delivery of stabilized dengue virus
Authors: Turvey Michelle E. , Uppu Divakara S.S.M. , Mohamed Sharif Abdul Rahim , Bidet Katell , Alonso Sylvie , Ooi Eng Eong , Hammond Paula T. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractCurrent live‐attenuated dengue vaccines require strict cold chain storage. Methods to preserve dengue virus (DENV) viability, which enable vaccines to be transported and administered at ambient temperatures, will be decisive towards the implementation of affordable global vaccination schemes with broad immunization coverage in resource‐limited areas. We have developed a microneedle (MN)‐based vaccine platform for the stabilization and intradermal delivery of live DENV from minimally invasive skin patches. Dengue virus‐stabilized microneedle arrays (VSMN) were fabricated using saccharide‐based formulation of virus and could be stored dry at ambient temperature up to 3 weeks with maintained virus viability. Following intradermal vaccination, VSMN‐delivered DENV was shown to elicit strong neutralizing antibody responses and protection from viral challenge, comparable to that of the conventional liquid vaccine administered subcutaneously. This work supports the potential for MN‐based dengue vaccine technology and the progression towards cold chain‐independence.Dengue virus can be stabilized using saccharide‐based formulations and coated on microneedle array vaccine patches for storage in dry state with preserved viability at ambient temperature (VSMN; virus‐stabilized microneedle arrays).