bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of lumbar cerebrospinal fluid drainage to control intracranial hypertension in patients with severe traumatic brain injury: A retrospective monocentric cohort
Authors: Dagod Geoffrey , Laurens Marlène , Roustan Jean-Paul , Deras Pauline , Courvalin Elie , Girard Mehdi , Weber Hugues , Capdevila Xavier , Charbit Jonathan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
External lumbar drainage (ELD) of cerebrospinal fluid may help control intracranial pressure following a traumatic brain injury. We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of ELD in post-traumatic intracranial hypertension (IH).
Methods
This retrospective monocentric cohort study was conducted in the trauma critical care unit of the regional Level-I trauma centre between January 2012 and December 2022. All traumatic brain injury patients with IH (≥ 22 mmHg despite optimal sedation) were included. Data collection focused on the duration and management of IH, complications related to ELD, and outcomes (6-month Glasgow Outcome Scale [GOS]). The influence of ELD on the duration of IH was assessed using a multivariable Cox regression analysis, while its impact on the 6-month GOS (“unfavourable outcome” GOS 1–3, “good outcome” GOS 4–5) was evaluated using a multivariable logistic regression analysis.
Results
Ninety patients (mean age 37 [SD, 16], injury severity score [ISS] 29 [IQR, 24–34]) were analyzed during the study period. Of these, 50 (56%) benefited from an ELD during their hospitalization (ELD group). The IH duration was significantly reduced in the ELD group (hazard ratio [HR] 1.74 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.05–2.87; p = 0.03]). One patient (2%) experienced a cerebral herniation following ELD placement, and two others (4%) developed device-associated meningitis. The ELD group was significantly associated with a lower likelihood of an unfavourable outcome (OR 0.32 [95% CI 0.13–0.77]; p = 0.011) compared to the no ELD group.
Conclusion
ELD appears in our cohort to be a safe and effective strategy to control post-traumatic IH, with an acceptable benefit-risk ratio. Our analysis even suggests a potential outcome improvement in patients treated by ELD compared with those having no cerebrospinal fluid drainage.
Associations between age, red cell distribution width and 180-day and 1-year mortality in giant cell arteritis patients: mediation analyses and machine learning in a cohort study
Authors: Chen Si , Nie Rui , Shen Xiaoran , Wang Yan , Luan Haixia , Zeng Xiaoli , Chen Yanhua , Yuan Hui 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objective
The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between age, red cell distribution width (RDW) levels, and 180-day and 1-year mortality in patients with giant cell arteritis (GCA) using a large cohort from the MIMIC-IV database.
Methods
Clinical data from patients with GCA were extracted from the MIMIC-IV (3.0) database. Logistic and Cox regression analyses, Kaplan-Meier (KM) survival analysis, restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis, and mediation effect analysis were employed to investigate the association between age, RDW levels, and 180-day and 1-year mortality in GCA patients. Predictive models were constructed using machine learning algorithms, and SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) analysis was applied to evaluate the contributions of age and RDW levels to mortality in patients with GCA.
Results
A total of 228 GCA patients were eligible for analysis. Our study identified both age (OR > 1, P < 0.05) and RDW (OR > 1, P < 0.05) as significant predictors of 180-day and 1-year mortality in GCA patients using multivariate logistic regression analysis. In multivariate Cox regression analysis, age (HR > 1, P < 0.05) and RDW (HR > 1, P < 0.05) also emerged as prognostic risk factors for 180-day and 1-year mortality. KM survival analysis further showed that GCA patients with higher age or elevated RDW levels had significantly lower survival rates compared to younger patients or those with lower RDW levels (P < 0.0001). Moreover, RCS analysis indicated a strong nonlinear relationship between RDW levels (threshold: 17.53%) and 1-year mortality in GCA patients. Additionally, RDW levels were found to modestly mediate the relationship between age and 180-day or 1-year mortality in GCA patients. The results of the machine learning analysis indicate that the model built using the random forest algorithm performed the best, with an area under the curve of 0.879. Additionally, SHAP analysis revealed that both age and RDW levels made significant contributions to the prediction of mortality in GCA patients.
Conclusions
Older age and higher RDW levels were independent risk factors for increased 180-day and 1-year mortality in GCA patients. Furthermore, elevated RDW levels slightly mediated the relationship between age and 180-day or 1-year mortality in GCA patients.
Multifunctional PVA/PNIPAM conductive hydrogel sensors enabled Human-Machine interaction intelligent rehabilitation training
Authors: Zhao Yanlong , Zhang Xichong , Hao Yilin , Zhao Yinghe , Ding Peng , Zhai Wei , Dai Kun , Zheng Guoqiang , Liu Chuntai , Shen Changyu 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Hydrogels are regarded as an ideal medium for human-machine interaction (HMI) due to their adjustable modulus and flexibility, enabling seamless interaction with smart devices. However, in the field of medical rehabilitation, most of the hydrogel-based sensors are simply used to detect the motion signals of fragments and are rarely applied to help patients with rehabilitation training and improve the efficiency of doctors' diagnosis. This is due to the unstable sensing properties and poor mechanical properties of most hydrogels. The poor durability greatly limits the application of hydrogel-based sensors. Here, a conductive hydrogel sensor with visual temperature sensitivity and good mechanical properties (300% strain, breaking stress 0.19 MPa) is fabricated by introducing polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-borax system combined with a freeze-thaw physical regulation strategy. The PVA/PNIPAM/PEDOT: PSS (PPP) hydrogels possess a rapid response/recovery time (200 ms/200 ms), a low detection limit of 1% strain, and good stability and durability. Furthermore, by integrating the hydrogels with a LabVIEW circuit program and wireless transmission technology, we have developed an advanced intelligent HMI system capable of monitoring, rehabilitation training, and remote diagnosis.
A remaining life prediction method combining multi-bearing common features evaluation and convolutional LSTM networks
Authors: Huang Zhidong , Peng Zhenrui 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The prediction of remaining useful life (RUL) is of great significance for health monitoring and the preventive maintenance of mechanical equipment operation status. Effective feature extraction and evaluation of equipment operation monitoring data is a key step in achieving accurate RUL predictions. Existing feature evaluation methods mainly rely on the linear weighted sum of multiple evaluation indicators to comprehensively evaluate and screen the features. However, this feature evaluation process requires manual experience to set weights for each evaluation indicator, resulting in uncertainty in feature selection. A degradation consistency feature evaluation method that considers the correlation of different features of multiple bearings is proposed to address the above issues. This method calculates the average Pearson correlation coefficient of the same feature of different bearings, selects common features representing different bearing degradation processes from a multi-domain feature set, and then uses the selected common features to predict RUL using a convolutional long short-term memory (ConvLSTM) network that can capture spatiotemporal characteristics. The proposed method is experimentally validated using two cases, and the results show that, compared to the multiple evaluation indicators method, the proposed approach achieves higher accuracy in predicting bearing RUL. Additionally, it demonstrates the generalization ability of the prediction model for estimating the bearing RUL across different operating conditions.
Estimating lung cancer risk from e-cigarettes and heated tobacco products: Applications of a tool based on biomarkers of exposure and of potential harm
Authors: Lee Peter N. , Coombs Katharine J. , Fry John S. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background: Few epidemiological data exist on the lung cancer (LC) risk of E-cigarettes (ECIGs) and heated tobacco products (HTPs).
Aim: To estimate the LC risk of these new tobacco products (NTPs) from their levels of biomarkers of exposure (BOEs) and potential harm (BOPHs).
Methods: For 28 BOE and 82 BOPH groups we sought North American and European biomarker data for cigarette smokers and users of other established tobacco products (ETPs; cigars, pipes, smokeless tobacco (ST) and/or snuff/snus). Using also ETP-specific LC relative risk (RR) estimates vs. non-users from recent meta-analyses of epidemiological studies in these regions we derived a regression model predicting the LC RR by level of each biomarker. For each NTP with relevant biomarker data, its LC risk was then estimated by combining RR estimates for selected biomarkers. Our main estimates considered only biomarkers significantly (p<0.01) fitting the model, and showing no significant (p<0.01) misfit to the RR of 1.0 for non-users.
Results: From 38 publications, biomarker data for ETPs were available for 56 BOEs in 21 of the 28 groups and for 54 BOPHs in 29 of the 82. The regression slope fitted to the LC risk was significant (p<0.01) for 22 BOEs and six BOPHs, though the predicted RR for non-users significantly (p<0.01) differed from 1.0 for 16 of these biomarkers.
The estimated LC RR for ECIGs, derived from 30 estimates for 10 biomarkers, was 1.88 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.60-2.22), an excess risk (ER = RR−1) 6.8% of that for cigarette smokers. The RR generally varied little in sensitivity analyses, but increased markedly where the restriction to significant model fit was removed, the results then including some huge implausible RRs.
The estimated LC RR for HTPs, combining individual estimates for four BOEs was 1.44 (0.41-5.08), the ER being 3.4% of that for cigarette smokers.
Conclusions: Our methodology has limitations, but seems useful for estimating risk given no epidemiological data. Using biomarkers satisfactorily fitting the model suggests the LC risk from ECIGs is much lower than from cigarettes. Limited data indicate that risk from HTPs is also low. Future research using additional data could extend these findings.
Improved Differentiation of Prostate Cancer Using Advanced Diffusion Models: A Comparative Study of Mono-Exponential, Fractional-Order-Calculus, and Multi-Compartment Models
Authors: He Yongsheng , Qi Xuan , Zhou Min-Xiong , Liu Mengxiao , Yang Hongkai , Wang Wuling , Du Bing , Nie Shengdong , Yan Xu 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Purpose
This study aims to compare the performance of mono-exponential (Mono), fractional-order-calculus (FROC), and multi-compartment (MC) diffusion models in differentiating prostate lesions, including benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer (PCa), as well as classifying PCa by clinical significance and risk levels.
Methods
A prospective study was conducted with 224 men (aged 50–80) undergoing 3T MR imaging. Regions of interest (ROIs) analyses were performed on quantitative parameters from Mono, FROC, and MC models. These parameters were evaluated for their ability to distinguish BPH from PCa, clinically significant (CS) from clinically insignificant (CInS) PCa, and among PCa risk levels. Group differences were assessed using the Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis test, followed by post-hoc Dunn’s test. ROC curves were plotted, and AUC was calculated. Logistic regression was used for parameter combinations, and performance was evaluated via 1000 bootstrap samples. The correlation between parameter pairs was analyzed. The image quality and PCa detection capability were also evaluated visually.
Results
In distinguishing PCa from BPH, the F1, ADC, and D parameters from the three models achieved high AUCs of 0.92, 0.91, and 0.91, respectively. For differentiating CS-PCa from CInS-PCa, the F2 parameter and the combination of C1 + F2 from the MC model showed the highest AUCs (0.75 and 0.76). In assessing PCa risk levels, F2 and C1 + F2 from the MC model showed the highest AUCs (0.73 and 0.74) for low vs. intermediate-risk PCa. For intermediate vs. high-risk PCa, F1, F1F2, and β + F1F2 from MC and FROC models had the highest AUCs (0.66, 0.66, and 0.71). In addition, ADC was strongly or moderately correlated to D, µ, F1, F1F2, F3, C1 and C3, and not correlated to β and F2. ADC and C1 demonstrated high image quality and strong PCa detection capability.
Conclusion
Advanced diffusion models, particularly the MC model, demonstrated a significant improvement over ADC in differentiating prostate lesions, especially between low and intermediate-risk PCa, between intermediate and high-risk PCa, and between clinically significant and insignificant PCa. Comparable performance was observed in distinguishing BPH from PCa among three models. Moreover, the combination of MC and FROC models further enhanced differentiation accuracy, particularly in the more challenging classifications between intermediate and high-risk PCa, where ADC alone proved inadequate. These results highlight the potential clinical value of MC model and combining MC and FROC models for more precise PCa risk stratification.
Effects of mixing of Eu2O3 in resin composites using a planetary centrifugal mixer on the fluorescence characteristics and mechanical properties
Authors: Utsumi Yuta , Oishi Masatsugu , Yonekura Kazuhide , Ikeda Masaomi , Matsuki Yusuke , Ohge Kenichiro , Utsumi Yuta , Hosaka Keiichi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
A visually identifiable product mixed with the fluorescent filler europium oxide (Eu2O3) in resin composites (RCs) has not yet been developed, owing to concerns regarding the degradation of mechanical properties with increasing Eu2O3 concentration. The objective of this study is to disperse Eu2O3 in an RC using a planetary centrifugal mixer and assess its effects on photoluminescence and mechanical properties.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A commercially available RC was mixed with Eu2O3 at various concentrations using a planetary centrifugal mixer. The fabricated samples were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy and a spectrofluorometer to assess their crystal structures, particle sizes, and photoluminescence properties. Vickers microhardness measurements were performed, along with three-point bending test. Statistical analyses were performed to assess the mechanical properties.
RESULTS
The intensity of red fluorescence increased with the Eu2O3 concentration. The fluorescence spectra at 613 and 620 nm exhibited higher intensities under excitation at 254 nm. Eu2O3 was dispersed in RC regardless of the Eu2O3 concentration, and no aggregation was observed. Regarding the mechanical properties, there were no significant differences in the flexural strength or modulus, and the Vickers hardness gradually increased with increasing Eu2O3 concentration.
CONCLUSION
Upon using a planetary centrifugal mixer to mix Eu2O3 with RC, visible fluorescence emission was observed even with increasing the Eu2O3 concentration, and the mechanical properties of this system were unaffected.
Clinical outcome and long‑term prognosis after endoscopic submucosal dissection for colorectal tumors in patients aged 75 years or older
Authors: Asayama Naoki , Nagata Shinji , Shigita Kenjiro , Mouri Yoshihiro , Ooie Shintaro , Matsumoto Kenta , Aoyama Taiki , Fukumoto Akira , Kaneko Mayumi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Purpose
To determine the clinical outcomes of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for colorectal tumors in elderly patients and predictors of mortality.
Methods
We retrospectively evaluated 207 lesions in 195 consecutive elderly patients aged ≥ 75 years who underwent ESD for colorectal tumors between January 2007 and December 2018. Outcomes of ESD were evaluated, and the prognosis was assessed in terms of both curability and the patient’s baseline physical condition as determined by several indices. Cox regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with reduced overall survival (OS).
Results
Treatment outcomes included a median treatment time of 55 min, en bloc resection rate of 97%, histological en bloc resection rate of 92%, postoperative bleeding rate of 2.4%, and intraoperative perforation rate of 3.4%. Postoperative bleeding and intraoperative perforation could be treated conservatively. Delayed perforation occurred in 1 patient and required emergency surgery. Three-year OS was 99.4% and 5-year OS was 95.8%. Overall, 3 patients experienced recurrence (1 local, 2 distant metastasis) and 1 patient died of primary cancer. Multivariate analysis identified Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) score ≥ 3 as the only independent predictor of reduced OS (hazard ratio 4.26; 95% confidence interval 1.60-11.38; P = 0.004).
Conclusion
Colorectal ESD appears to be safe and effective treatment for elderly patients aged ≥ 75 years. A high CCI score, but not curability achieved by ESD, was independently associated with reduced OS in these patients. The CCI score should be considered when determining the indications for ESD in elderly patients.
Wisdom in Laughter: Effects of leadership Humour on Advice Behaviours
Authors: Liu Yang , Yang Shanshan , Zhang Ludan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

This study analysed the influence of leadership humour on employees' advice and its mechanism of action. For this purpose, we constructed a model with leadership humour as the independent variable, employees' positive emotions as the mediator, superior-subordinate relationship as the moderator, and employees' advice as the dependent variable. We conducted a questionnaire survey using a random sampling methodand conducted empirical analyses on the valid data. The results showed that leadership humour, positive emotions, and superior and subordinate relations were all significantly and positively related to employee advice; positive emotions played a mediating role in the effect of leadership humour on employee advice; and superior and subordinate relations played a moderating role in the relationship between leadership humour and employee advice.
Enhancing Inland River Shore Power Utilization: A Game Theory and Prospect Theory Approach to Optimizing Incentive Mechanisms
Authors: CAI Wenxue , XIE Cailian , Gu Yimiao 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The development of the shipping and port industry has significantly driven both the Chinese and global economies. However, the environmental impact of their carbon footprint cannot be overlooked. Recently, the industry has made strides in implementing various environmental protection measures, with the promotion and adoption of shore power technology in inland port areas emerging as promising avenues for sustainable development. Despite widespread promotion and the establishment of shore power facilities in inland river areas, the utilization rate remains low. This is primarily due to the minimal benefits that inland river ships gain from using shore power, which often fail to meet their expectations. The traditional income function based on rational agent theory is inadequate, leading to existing incentive measures that do not effectively encourage shore power usage by inland river ships. Therefore, it is essential to analyze this issue from the perspective of behavioral economics. This paper introduces the reference point effect from prospect theory and designs an incentive mechanism for inland river shore power based on game theory principles. The goal is to explore how government subsidies and penalties can be adjusted to create effective incentives for shore power usage, ultimately seeking to improve the adoption rate of shore power among inland river ships and enhance the overall environmental quality of inland river ports.
Automatic Recognition and Analysis of Talus Cartilage Lesions Based on Deep Learning
Authors: Feng Fanxiang , Wang Hongfei , Yuan Pengfei 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Osteochondral lesions of the talus (OLTs) involve damage to cartilage and subchondral bone, necessitating early diagnosis and intervention due to the disease's progressive nature. MRI is the primary diagnostic tool in clinical practice, known for its high sensitivity and specificity. However, early-stage cartilage injuries often present low contrast and poor signal-to-noise ratios, making it challenging for even experienced physicians to accurately detect OLTs, potentially leading to irreversible disease progression. To address this issue, we developed a novel convolutional neural network designed to rapidly and efficiently identify and classify OLTs. Additionally, an OLTS-AI analysis system was created to assist in diagnosis. This study used a training and validation dataset consisting of MRI images from 334 ankle patients at Sichuan Province Orthopedic Hospital. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves a classification accuracy of 96.73%, with detection speeds of 309.8 FPS on CPU and 823.1 FPS on GPU. This system is now implemented in clinical practice, enabling the analysis of talus lesions in just three seconds, significantly reducing doctors' workload while enhancing diagnostic efficiency in managing OLTs effectively.
Narrowing down the Hubble tension to the first two rungs of distance ladders
Authors: Wang Shao-Jiang , Huang Lu , Cai Rong-Gen , Liu Jian-Qi , Yao Yan-Hong 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The decade-persistent Hubble tension has become a 5σ crisis of modern cosmology between the early-Universe extrapolation from globally fitting the standard ΛCDM to Planck-CMB measurements and the late-Universe measurement from the three-rung distance ladder with SH0ES calibration. Regarding the current dilemma of theoretical resolutions, recent focus has shifted to systematics inspection. Here we find an associated $5\sigma$ tension in the intercept of the supernova magnitude-redshift relation between the second-rung and third-rung supernovae from the PantheonPlus compilation independent of calibrations in use. As required by the consistency of the distance-ladder method, we propose an ingenious method to eliminate the intercept tension, directly constraining H0 = 73.4±1.0 km/s/Mpc from the first two-rung distance ladder alone without referring to the third-rung supernovae but still consistent with both SH0ES typical three-rung and first two-rung constraints, which not only supports our method to rebuild the intercept consistency but also rules out third-rung supernova systematics including the late-time transition in supernova absolute magnitude. Further crosschecks for Carnegie Supernova Project with different calibrations all consistently prefer our results. Therefore, the original Hubble tension between the Planck-CMB measurements and SH0ES three-rung distance ladder can be narrowed down to a tension between the Planck-CMB and the first two-rung measurements.