bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surgical ablation for atrial fibrillation during isolated coronary artery bypass surgery
Authors: Suwalski Piotr , Kowalewski Mariusz , Jasiński Marek , Staromłyński Jakub , Zembala Marian , Widenka Kazimierz , Brykczyński Mirosław , Skiba Jacek , Zembala Michał Oskar , Bartuś Krzysztof , Hirnle Tomasz , Dziembowska Inga , Deja Marek , Tobota Zdzisław , Maruszewski Bohdan J 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Our goal was to evaluate early sequelae and long-term survival in patients undergoing isolated coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) with concomitant surgical ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF).

METHODS
Procedural data from KROK (Polish National Registry of Cardiac Surgery Procedures) were collected. A total of 7879 patients with underlying AF underwent isolated CABG between 2006 and 2018 in 37 reference centres across Poland. The mean follow-up was 4.7 ± 3.5 years [median (interquartile range) 4.3 (1.7–7.4)]. Propensity score matching and Cox proportional hazards models were used to compare isolated CABG + ablation with isolated CABG.

RESULTS
Of the included patients, 346 (4.39%) underwent surgical ablation. Patients in this group were significantly younger (66.4 ± 7.5 vs 69.2 ± 8.2; P < 0.001) but had a non-significant, different baseline surgical risk (EuroSCORE: 2.11 vs 2.50; P = 0.088). After a rigorous 1:3 propensity matching (LOGIT model: 306 cases of isolated CABG + ablation vs 918 of isolated CABG alone), surgical ablation was associated with a lower 30-day risk of death [risk ratio 0.37, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.15–0.91; P = 0.032] and multiorgan failure (risk ratio 0.29, 95% CI 0.10–0.94; P = 0.029). In the long term, surgical ablation was associated with a significant 33% improved overall survival rate: hazard ratio 0.67, 95% CI 0.49–0.90; P = 0.008. The benefit of ablation was sustained in the subgroups but was most pronounced in lower risk older patients (age >70 years, P = 0.020; elective status, P = 0.011) with 3-vessel disease (P = 0.036), history of a cerebrovascular accident (P = 0.018) and preserved left ventricular function [left ventricular ejection fraction >50%; P = 0.017; no signs of heart failure (per New York Heart Association functional class); P = 0.001] and those undergoing on-pump CABG (P < 0.001).

CONCLUSION
Surgical ablation for AF in patients undergoing isolated CABG is safe and associated with significantly improved long-term survival.
Purcell performances in Palestine under the British Mandate
Authors: Schab Alon 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Palestine, from the end of World War I to the foundation of the state of Israel, had a vibrant concert scene led partly by local musicians (and from 1933 onwards, by an elite of leading performers and composers who fled from Europe), and partly by the cultural institutions of the British Mandate, including the Palestine Broadcasting Service. While the collaborations between these two forces often yielded inspired musical results, each had its own agendas and priorities. The music of Henry Purcell was perceived as a cultural asset of the British and, as such, its performance became the platform for tacit negotiation of local musical identity, as well as a means to communicate with the British administration. The present study examines how Purcell’s music was treated in Palestine, which works by Purcell were performed, which scores and editions were available to local musicians, how the 250th anniversary of his death (1945) was commemorated, what motivated musicians to perform Purcell in concert, and what happened to the performance of Purcell’s music in Israel after Britain withdrew its forces from Palestine in 1948.
How does socioeconomic status affect the incidence of hospital-treated poisonings? A retrospective study
Authors: Koskela Lauri O , Raatiniemi Lasse V , Liisanantti Janne H 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
Hospital-treated poisonings have a good outcome in general. The role of regional differences and socioeconomic status has been established in intensive care admissions and various causes of death, but not yet in hospital-treated poisonings. We set out to determine whether the incidence of hospital-treated poisonings is affected by the annual income of the residential area.

Methods
All poisonings in Northern Ostrobothnia region of Finland treated in Oulu University Hospital during 2013–2016 were studied. Oulu University Hospital is the primary hospital in the area. Postal code areas of the county were categorized on the basis of their median annual net income as low-, middle- and high-income areas.

Results
A total of 2142 poisoning cases were studied. The number of individual patients was 1525. In the low-income areas, the crude incidence of poisonings was more than 2-fold when compared with the middle- and high-income areas. In adolescents aged 13 to 17 years, the incidence in the low-income areas was almost 3-fold compared with the other two categories at 335/100 000/year (95% CI, 236–463). Four patients (0.2%) died during the hospital stay and 50 patients (2.3%) died within 6 months from the last admission.

Conclusions
The incidence of hospital-treated poisoning was at least 2-fold in low-income areas when compared with middle- or high-income areas. For adolescent population from 13 to 17 years, the incidence in low-income areas was almost 3-fold when compared with other areas.
The contribution of obesity to the population burden of high metabolic cardiovascular risk among different ethnic groups. The HELIUS study
Authors: Perini Wilco , van Valkengoed Irene G M , Snijder Marieke B , Peters Ron J G , Kunst Anton E 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe burden of cardiovascular risk is distributed unequally between ethnic groups. It is uncertain to what extent this is attributable to ethnic differences in general and abdominal obesity. Therefore, we studied the contribution of general and abdominal obesity to metabolic cardiovascular risk among different ethnic groups.MethodsWe used data of 21 411 participants of Dutch, South-Asian Surinamese, African-Surinamese, Ghanaian, Turkish or Moroccan origin in Healthy Life in an Urban Setting (Amsterdam, the Netherlands). Obesity was defined using body-mass-index (general) or waist-to-height-ratio (abdominal). High metabolic risk was defined as having at least two of the following: triglycerides ≥1.7 mmol/l, fasting glucose ≥5.6 mmol/l, blood pressure ≥130 mmHg systolic and/or ≥85 mmHg diastolic and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol &lt;1.03 mmol/l (men) or &lt;1.29 mmol/l (women).ResultsAmong ethnic minority men, age-adjusted prevalence rates of high metabolic risk ranged from 32 to 59% vs. 33% among Dutch men. Contributions of general obesity to high metabolic risk ranged from 7.1 to 17.8%, vs. 10.1% among Dutch men, whereas contributions of abdominal obesity ranged from 52.1 to 92.3%, vs. 53.9% among Dutch men. Among ethnic minority women, age-adjusted prevalence rates of high metabolic risk ranged from 24 to 35% vs. 12% among Dutch women. Contributions of general obesity ranged from 14.6 to 41.8%, vs. 20% among Dutch women, whereas contributions of abdominal obesity ranged from 68.0 to 92.8%, vs. 72.1% among Dutch women.ConclusionsObesity, especially abdominal obesity, contributes significantly to the prevalence of high metabolic cardiovascular risk. Results suggest that this contribution varies substantially between ethnic groups, which helps explain ethnic differences in cardiovascular risk.
Differential regulation of physiological activities by RcsB and OmpR in Yersinia enterocolitica
Authors: Meng Jiao , Bai Jiaqi , Xu Junhong , Huang Can , Chen Jingyu 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT
A thorough understanding of the mechanisms of Rcs and EnvZ/OmpR phosphorelay systems that allow Yersinia enterocolitica to thrive in various environments is crucial to prevent and control Y. enterocolitica infections. In this study, we showed that RcsB and OmpR have the ability to function differently in modulating a diverse array of physiological processes in Y. enterocolitica. The rcsB mutant stimulated flagella biosynthesis and increased motility, biofilm formation and c-di-GMP production by upregulating flhDC, hmsHFRS and hmsT. However, mutation in ompR exhibited a non-motile phenotype due to the lack of flagella. Biofilm formation was reduced and less c-di-GMP was produced through the downregulation of flhDC, hmsHFRS and hmsT expression when Y. enterocolitica was exposed to low osmolarity conditions. Furthermore, OmpR was identified to be important for Y. enterocolitica to grow in extreme temperature conditions. Importantly, ompR mutations in Y. enterocolitica were more sensitive to polymyxin B and sodium dodecyl sulfate than rcsB mutations. Since motility, biofilm formation and environmental tolerance are critical for bacterial colonization of the host, these findings indicated that OmpR is more critical than RcsB in shaping the pathogenic phenotype of Y. enterocolitica.
Soil bacteria and protists show different sensitivity to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons at controlled chemical activity
Authors: Winding Anne , Modrzyński Jakub Jan , Christensen Jan H , Brandt Kristian K , Mayer Philipp 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTThis study linked growth inhibition of soil bacteria and protists to the chemical activity (a) of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and compared the sensitivities of bacteria and protists. Passive dosing from pre-loaded silicone provided well-defined and constant a of PAHs in independent tests. Single-species growth inhibition with two bacterial (Pseuodomonas fluorescens DR54 and Sinorhizobium meliloti) and two protist (Cercomonas longicauda and Acanthamoeba castellanii) strains at maximum a (amax) of nine and four PAHs, respectively, showed no inhibition of PAHs with amax below 0.1 (pyrene and anthracene), while growth inhibition was observed for PAHs with amax above 0.1 (e.g. fluorene, fluoranthene and naphthalene). The bacteria were less sensitive than the protists. Soil bacterial community-level growth inhibition by naphthalene was in good agreement with single-species data, but also indicated the presence of sensitive bacteria that were inhibited by a below 0.05 and increasing pre-exposure time giving higher inhibition. The a of 50% inhibition (Ea50) was 0.434 and 0.329 for 0.5 and 4 h pre-exposure time, respectively. Invertebrates tended to be more sensitive than single-celled organisms tested here. This suggests that PAH exposure leads to differential toxicity in soil biota, which may affect soil food web structure and cycling of organic matter.
Production of long-chain hydroxy fatty acids by Starmerella bombicola
Authors: De Graeve Marilyn , Van de Velde Isabelle , Saey Lien , Chys Maarten , Oorts Hanne , Kahriman Hümeyra , Mincke Stein , Stevens Christian , De Maeseneire Sofie L , Roelants Sophie L K W , Soetaert Wim K G 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT
To decrease our dependency for the diminishing source of fossils resources, bio-based alternatives are being explored for the synthesis of commodity and high-value molecules. One example in this ecological initiative is the microbial production of the biosurfactant sophorolipids by the yeast Starmerella bombicola. Sophorolipids are surface-active molecules mainly used as household and laundry detergents. Because S. bombicola is able to produce high titers of sophorolipids, the yeast is also used to increase the portfolio of lipophilic compounds through strain engineering. Here, the one-step microbial production of hydroxy fatty acids by S. bombicola was accomplished by the selective blockage of three catabolic pathways through metabolic engineering. Successful production of 17.39 g/l (ω-1) linked hydroxy fatty acids was obtained by the successive blockage of the sophorolipid biosynthesis, the β-oxidation and the ω-oxidation pathways. Minor contamination of dicarboxylic acids and fatty aldehydes were successfully removed using flash chromatography. This way, S. bombicola was further expanded into a flexible production platform of economical relevant compounds in the chemical, food and cosmetic industries.
Genome Assembly of the A-Group Wolbachia in Nasonia oneida Using Linked-Reads Technology
Authors: Wang Xiaozhu , Xiong Xiao , Cao Wenqi , Zhang Chao , Werren John H , Wang Xu 
Published: October 2019

AbstractWolbachia are obligate intracellular bacteria which commonly infect various nematode and arthropod species. Genome sequences have been generated from arthropod samples following enrichment for the intracellular bacteria, and genomes have also been assembled from arthropod whole-genome sequencing projects. However, these methods remain challenging for infections that occur at low titers in hosts. Here we report the first Wolbachia genome assembled from host sequences using 10× Genomics linked-reads technology. The high read depth attainable by this method allows for recovery of intracellular bacteria that are at low concentrations. Based on the depth differences (714× for the insect and 59× for the bacterium), we assembled the genome of a Wolbachia in the parasitoid jewel wasp species Nasonia oneida. The final draft assembly consists of 1,293, 06 bp in 47 scaffolds with 1,114 coding genes and 97.01% genome completeness assessed by checkM. Comparisons of the five Multi Locus Sequence Typing genes revealed that the sequenced Wolbachia genome is the A1 strain (henceforth wOneA1) previously reported in N. oneida. Pyrosequencing confirms that the wasp strain lacks A2 and B types previously detected in this insect, which were likely lost during laboratory culturing. Assembling bacterial genomes from host genome projects can provide an effective method for sequencing bacterial genomes, even when the infections occur at low density in sampled tissues.
Two-sensor microtremor SPAC method: potential utility of imaginary spectrum components
Authors: Cho Ikuo 
Published: October 2019

Summary
We build a model of discretization errors, known as directional aliasing, to theoretically evaluate how biases in the microtremor spatial autocorrelation (SPAC) coefficient, or the real part of the SPAC spectrum of microtremor analysis, are related to the magnitudes of the imaginary part when a seismic array of only two sensors is used. By using this model, we investigate the potential utility of the imaginary spectrum component as an indicator of applicability of the two-sensor SPAC method to the field of microtremors generated at an observation site. Field data of microtremors from compact seismic arrays (1–15 m) are used to test the model. It is found that, when the imaginary components are very large in magnitude (where the threshold depends on the rk, the array radius times the wavenumber), the field of microtremors is dominated by waves arriving from a single direction parallel to the array axis and the SPAC coefficients tend to be underestimated in small rk ranges (i.e. rk < 3.8; the range considered throughout this study). In the present study, which is based on the observations of 400 microtremor arrays, the underestimates seldom exceeded 30 per cent. The SPAC coefficient estimates could be corrected in that case by using information on the imaginary part. When the imaginary components are very modest in magnitude, by contrast, there are two possible scenarios: either (i) the waves are arriving predominantly from a single direction perpendicular to the array axis and the SPAC coefficients are wildly overestimated (i.e. there was a small percentage of low-quality data, with relative errors exceeding +50 per cent, based on the observed data analyses), or (ii) the wavefield is close to isotropic and the SPAC coefficients are unbiased (i.e. 70–90 per cent of all observed data fell within the relative error range of ±20 per cent). It is difficult in that case to have SPAC coefficient estimates corrected by using information on the imaginary part alone.
Shear wave structure of a transect of the Los Angeles basin from multimode surface waves and H/V spectral ratio analysis
Authors: Perton Mathieu , Spica Zack J , Clayton Robert W , Beroza Gregory C 
Published: October 2019

SUMMARYWe use broad-band stations of the ‘Los Angeles Syncline Seismic Interferometry Experiment’ (LASSIE) to perform a joint inversion of the Horizontal to Vertical spectral ratios (H/V) and multimode dispersion curves (phase and group velocity) for both Rayleigh and Love waves at each station of a dense line of sensors. The H/V of the autocorrelated signal at a seismic station is proportional to the ratio of the imaginary parts of the Green’s function. The presence of low-frequency peaks (∼0.2 Hz) in H/V allows us to constrain the structure of the basin with high confidence to a depth of 6 km. The velocity models we obtain are broadly consistent with the SCEC CVM-H community model and agree well with known geological features. Because our approach differs substantially from previous modelling of crustal velocities in southern California, this research validates both the utility of the diffuse field H/V measurements for deep structural characterization and the predictive value of the CVM-H community velocity model in the Los Angeles region. We also analyse a lower frequency peak (∼0.03 Hz) in H/V and suggest it could be the signature of the Moho. Finally, we show that the independent comparison of the H and V components with their corresponding theoretical counterparts gives information about the degree of diffusivity of the ambient seismic field.
Physiological and pathological roles of LRRK2 in the nuclear envelope integrity
Authors: Shani Vered , Safory Hazem , Szargel Raymonde , Wang Ninghan , Cohen Tsipora , Elghani Fatimah Abd , Hamza Haya , Savyon Mor , Radzishevsky Inna , Shaulov Lihi , Rott Ruth , Lim Kah-Leong , Ross Christopher A , Bandopadhyay Rina , Zhang Hui , Engelender Simone 
Published: October 2019

AbstractMutations in LRRK2 cause autosomal dominant and sporadic Parkinson’s disease, but the mechanisms involved in LRRK2 toxicity in PD are yet to be fully understood. We found that LRRK2 translocates to the nucleus by binding to seven in absentia homolog (SIAH-1), and in the nucleus it directly interacts with lamin A/C, independent of its kinase activity. LRRK2 knockdown caused nuclear lamina abnormalities and nuclear disruption. LRRK2 disease mutations mostly abolish the interaction with lamin A/C and, similar to LRRK2 knockdown, cause disorganization of lamin A/C and leakage of nuclear proteins. Dopaminergic neurons of LRRK2 G2019S transgenic and LRRK2 −/− mice display decreased circularity of the nuclear lamina and leakage of the nuclear protein 53BP1 to the cytosol. Dopaminergic nigral and cortical neurons of both LRRK2 G2019S and idiopathic PD patients exhibit abnormalities of the nuclear lamina. Our data indicate that LRRK2 plays an essential role in maintaining nuclear envelope integrity. Disruption of this function by disease mutations suggests a novel phosphorylation-independent loss-of-function mechanism that may synergize with other neurotoxic effects caused by LRRK2 mutations.
Graph clustering in industrial networks
Authors: Bouet V , Klimenko A Y 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe present work investigates clustering of a graph-based representation of industrial connections derived from international trade data by Hidalgo et al. (2007, The product space conditions the development of nations. Science, 317) and confirms the existence of nine industrial clusters that are reasonably consistent with expected historical patterns of diffusion of innovation and technology. This supports the notion that technological development occurs in sequential waves of innovation. The clustering method developed in this work follows conceptual ideas introduced by Pons and Latapy (2006, Computing communities in large networks using random walks. J. Graph Alg. Appl., 10, 191–218), Lambiotte and Barahona (2009, Laplacian dynamics and multiscale modular structure in networks. arXiv.org.) and other researchers—random walks can be used to assess hierarchical structures of network communities. We, however, implement these ideas differently in order to match the physics of the problem under consideration and introduce a hierarchical clustering procedure that is progressive in time and is combined with concurrent reordering of the elements. An equivalent spectral interpretation of the clustering procedure is also given and discussed in the paper.
Rise of Machine Agency: A Framework for Studying the Psychology of Human–AI Interaction (HAII)
Authors: Sundar S Shyam 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAdvances in personalization algorithms and other applications of machine learning have vastly enhanced the ease and convenience of our media and communication experiences, but they have also raised significant concerns about privacy, transparency of technologies and human control over their operations. Going forth, reconciling such tensions between machine agency and human agency will be important in the era of artificial intelligence (AI), as machines get more agentic and media experiences become increasingly determined by algorithms. Theory and research should be geared toward a deeper understanding of the human experience of algorithms in general and the psychology of Human–AI interaction (HAII) in particular. This article proposes some directions by applying the dual-process framework of the Theory of Interactive Media Effects (TIME) for studying the symbolic and enabling effects of the affordances of AI-driven media on user perceptions and experiences.
Forced Technology Transfer and the US–China Trade War: Implications for International Economic Law
Authors: Qin Julia Ya 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Forced technology transfer has emerged from the US–China trade war as a new issue of systemic importance. The USA, the European Union, and Japan have jointly condemned forced technology transfer as a practice undermining the proper function of international trade and called for new WTO rules to discipline the practice. This article examines the issue in the broad context of international economic law. It seeks to address the following questions: What does ‘forced technology transfer’ mean? Where did this practice come from? Why is there insufficient international regulation on the issue? What exactly are the problems inherent in such practice? And what can be done to improve the relevant international regulation?