bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chemical Profiles and Bio-Activities of Different Extracts of Terfezia Species and their Other Associated Fungi
Authors: Ghareeb Mosad A. , Khalaf Omar M. , Abdel-Aziz Mohamed S. , Saad Amal M. , Madkour Hassan M.F. , El-Ziaty Ahmed K. , Refahy Laila A. 
Published: October 2018

Background:Desert truffles (Terfezia species) are known by their vital nutritional benefits as they are considered as rich sources of vitamins, fatty acid, minerals and proteins.Methods:The chemical constituents of the different solvent extracts of Terfezia species were isolated and identified by column chromatography, spectroscopic and GC-MS analyses. Also, the ethyl acetate and acetone extracts of different fungal isolates, associated Terfezia, after grown on rice medium were screened for their antimicrobial, anticancer and antioxidant activities via disc agar plate, micro culture tetrazolium (MTT) and 2,2-azino-di-[3-ethylbenzo-thiazolin-sulphonate] (ABTS) assays, respectively. The promising fugal strains were molecularly identified by 18SrRNA tool.Results:Bio-guided separation of methylene chloride, ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions of Terfezia species led to identification of nine compounds namely; (R)-4,8-dihydroxy-7-hydroxymethyl-6- methoxy isochroman-1-one (1), 4-deoxy-4α-phorbal-12-(2,3-dimethyl)butyrate-13-isobutyrate (2), oxyphylline B (3), terfezien A (4), latilagascene D (5), amaiouine (6), senbusine acetate (7), terfezien B (8) and marinoquinoline D (9). Moreover, sixteen compounds were identified in the n-hexane extract via GC-MS analysis, accounting for 93.69% of the total detected components in the extract. While, twenty five components were detected in the methylene chloride extract, representing 43.86% from total detected components in the extract. Eight fungal strains were isolated from Terfezia sp., powder by serial dilution methods and these fungi were cultivated on solid rice medium. Also, their ethyl acetate and acetone extracts were subjected to biological studies including antimicrobial, antioxidant and anticancer activities. The three potent fungal strains (1M, 4M and 8M) were identified by the molecular technique 18SrRNA as Aspergillus niger 1M-EGY-IQ, Penicillium crustosum 4M-EGY-IQ, and Fusarium proliferatum 8M-EGY-IQ for 1M, 4M and 8M, respectively.Conclusion:Terfezia sp., comprise a rich source of bioactive compounds and could be considered as an interesting candidate for the treatment of infectious diseases.
Stability-indicating UPLC-PDA Method for Ambrisentan Tablets and Identification of a Main Degradation Product by UPLC-MS/MS
Authors: Ortigara Rodolfo , Steppe Martin , Garcia Cássia Virginia 
Published: October 2018

Background:
Ambrisentan is a drug used to treat the pulmonary arterial hypertension symptoms,
commercialized as coated tablets. Drug quality control is an essential part for the development
and release of drugs for consumption; however, there are few studies related to the proposition of analytical
methods and stability study for ambrisentan.

Objective:
The development of an UPLC assay of ambrisentan in tablets with degradation product`s
elucidation was proposed.

Methods:
Tests with different solvents and chromatographic columns were carried out, achieving an optimal
condition using mobile phase in gradient mode, Waters® BEH C18 column and detection at 260 nm.

Results:
Satisfactory system suitability was obtained (theoretical plates, sensitivity and resolution
among peaks), with a reduced analysis time (6 minutes). The method was validated in accordance with
the international guidelines and it demonstrated adequate specificity, either for the drug assay as for the
identification and quantification of degradation product. It showed linearity (r= 0.999), accuracy (degradation
products recovery: 98.47 - 102.44; assay recovery: 99.98 - 104.32%) and precision (RSD:
0.69), with limits of quantification and detection in suitable magnitude in order to evaluate possible
drug degradation.

Conclusion:
UPLC method demonstrated to be fast with satisfactory robustness. The main ambrisentan
degradation product formed under thermal stress conditions was elucidated by UPLC-MS/MS and its
structure was suggested.
A Rapid and Sensitive Method for the Pharmacokinetic Study of Janumet (Sitagliptin and Metformin) Tablets by LC-MS/MS Coupled with Ion-Pair Solid Phase Extraction
Authors: Han Xiaonian , Wang Jing , Huang Jing , Peng Lirong 
Published: October 2018

Background:
As first-line treatments for diabetes, sitagliptin and metformin have been
widely prescribed as a combination to enhance the therapeutic effect.

Objective:
To establish a methodology to simultaneously monitor the two drugs in vivo by a reversedphase
Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometric (LC-MS/MS) method.

Methods:
The two drugs were extracted from 50 μl human plasma by ion-pair solid phase extraction.
The separation of the plasma samples was implemented on an Agilent Zorbax SB-CN column (150×4.6
mm, 5.0 µm). The mobile phase was the mixture (80:20, v/v) of methanol and 5.0 mM ammonium formate
in water (pH 4.5). An ion trap spectrometer equipped with an electrospray ionization source was
utilized to detect the elution in positive mode. Quantification of the analytes was achieved by Multiple
Reaction Monitoring (MRM) using the transitions of m/z 408.3→235.1 for sitagliptin and m/z 130.1→
60.2 for metformin.

Results:
Sitagliptin and metformin demonstrated good linearity among the range of 1.00-1000 ng/mL
and 5.00-4000 ng/mL. The intra-day and inter-day investigations displayed precisions of ≤ 3.6% and an
accuracy range of -7.5% to 6.0% for the two drugs. The mean recovery of the two drugs was 96.0% and
98.5%. Under mandatory storage conditions, both the drugs gave an acceptable stability. The throughput
of the assay was found to be more than 100 plasma samples per day ascribed to the run time of 3.0
min for each sample.

Conclusion:
The developed method was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study for a fixeddose
tablet formulation containing 50 mg sitagliptin and 500 mg metformin in 12 healthy volunteers.
Compatibility Determination of Drug-Polymer, Drug-Excipient & Drug-Intravenous Admixtures Using Chemometric-assisted UVspectrophotometry
Authors: Mohamed Amir Ibrahim , El-Khamery Amal Abd-Elaal , Herry Mohamed Ismail , Mohamed Alaa Ibrahim 
Published: October 2018

Purpose:
A new multivariate chemometric approach was developed for fast and economic
compatibility determinations of ranitidine hydrochloride (as model drug) with certain pharmaceutical;
polymers (Alginate & Chitosan), excipient (Lactose) and intravenous fluids (Dextrose, Ringer & Dextrose/
Ringer). Binary mixtures of the drug and each item were prepared and investigated by chemometric-
assisted UV- spectrophotometry as well as by HPLC reference method.

Methods:
Five drug concentration levels (0.004-0.025mg/ml) of test-mixtures were used and the average
drug recovery percent after two and seven days of storage from initial concentration was determined.
Physico-chemical techniques including DSC, XRD, & FTIR were also performed to investigate
the nature of the observed drug-additive interactions.

Results:
UV-chemometric and HPLC results showed that ranitidine stability in mixture aqueous solutions
appears to be concentration dependent. The ranitidine content remained greater than 90% in alginate
& chitosan test mixtures at all used drug concentrations (0.004-0.025mg/ml), while in lactose, dextrose,
ringer & dextrose/ringer test mixtures fell below 90% at low drug concentrations (0.004-
0.009mg/ml), which suggests more ranitidine compatibility with alginate & chitosan rather than the
other additives.

Conclusion:
The developed chemometric method, employing UV absorbance data successfully used as
simple, rapid, and economic alternative tool in drug-additive compatibility determinations.
Purification of Cinnamic Acid and Aporphine Alkaloids from Enicosanthellum pulchrum Twig Extract and their Biological Activities
Authors: Nordin Noraziah , Mohd Yazid Noor Shafifiyaz , Zajmi Asdren , Elias Marjanu Hikmah 
Published: October 2018

Background:
Various methods of isolating compounds from plants have been described
previously, which include conventional or modern techniques. A preparative-HPLC (prep-HPLC)
system has become one of the most convenient methods, with high purity compound as well as consumes
less purification time.

Objective:

This study is intended to purify compounds from E. pulchrum twig extract using prep-
HPLC technique and to test all compounds in several biological activities.

Methods:
Prior to purification using prep-HPLC, the twig extract was injected onto HPLC to develop
the method through its chromatograms. The established method from HPLC was used to separate
the constituents using prep-HPLC. Purified compounds were elucidated through NMR and MS
methods as well as through comparison with previously reported data. Three different biological activities
were then conducted on the compounds, including cytotoxicity, DPPH, FRAP, and disc diffusion
assays.

Results:
Cinnamic acid (1) and two aporphine alkaloids (liridine (2) and lysicamine (3)) have been
successfully purified and identified. These compounds were first isolated from Enicosanthellum
pulchrum using prep-HPLC. Cytotoxic activity revealed that liridine (2) showed strong inhibition
against WEHI-3B leukaemic cells of 8.7 &#181;M after 24 h of treatment. In contrast, cinnamic acid (1)
and lysicamine (3) exhibited strong inhibitions in antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus
aureus, S. epidermidis, Bacillus cereus, Pasteurella multocida and B. subtilis with more than 15 mm
of inhibition zone.

Conclusion:
These phytochemical findings exhibit three isolated compounds from twig extract of E.
pulchrum with diverse biological potential to be developed as new agents.
Speed of Things (SoT): Evolution of Isolation-to-Intermingle (I2I) Technology Transition Towards IoT
Authors: Ravishanker  , Luhach Ashish K. , Kumar Sykam V.N. , Poonia Ramesh C. 
Published: October 2018

Background:
In today’s world it is highly difficult to manage the smart things and fulfill
the communication needs without the Internet as it provides ultimate means for human to human
(H2H) communication. The ‘things’ could be entities or devices that contribute for the communication.
But to enhance and improve such smart communication among the things that involves nonhuman
intervention, there is a need to add few more smart capabilities to the Internet. As the world
of Internet is on its way of transformation into a new smart world called ‘Internet of Things’ (IoT)
where the things should possess the ability of sensing, communication and control to let the things
exchange information without complete intervention of humans to provide advanced and qualitative
services, which is possible with the help of protocols.

Objective:
This paper discusses how the transition could be started and being progressed in wired
and wireless systems, and how it changes the traditional means of communication among different
devices and humans into a smart way.

Methods:
Transition here refers to how isolated things are being intermingled with each other to
generate a smart protocol communication.

Results and Conclusion:
The aim of such transition is to improve the efficiency, flexibility, adaptability
and interoperability. This paper also explores various factors that contribute to IoT.
Blended Learning Pengembangan Modul Pembelajaran Berbasis Blended Learning Mata Pelajaran Rancang Bangun Jaringan
Authors: Matondang Panyahuti - 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
This research is written based on the learning difficulties during the Prakerin activities. This research is to produce learning module for students who implement Prakerin with Blended Learning learning model. To know the validity of modules, the effectiveness, and effectiveness of the developed learning modules. The method used is a Research and Development (R & D) by using the FOUR D development model that are the definition, design, development, and deployment. The research design used for trial module is quasi experiment with time series model. The module made is valid by the material expert with the average of all eligibility is 80.38%, included in the "Excellent" category. The modular practicality analysis is 81.41%, included in the "Practical" category. Module effectiveness analysis, included in the "Good" category. From both data analysis results done, it can be stated that the module is effective in improving learning outcomes.
Cara Mengembangkan Pembelajaran Aktif di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Carollina Feny 
Published: October 2018

Abstrak
Guru profesional adalah guru yang mampu merancang pembelajaran dan mencapai tujuan dari pembelajaran tersebut. Diantaranya membuat RPP, menetapkan model, strategi dan metode pembelajaran. Dalam menyusun RPP pemilihan model maupun strategi yang tepat akan menumbuhkan minat belajar siswa. Adanya media yang digunakan sebagai penyampai pesan dari guru kepada siswa. Penetapan model, metode, strategi, maupun media harus diimbangi dengan penekanan ilmu pengetahuan, ketrampilan, dan sikap dari siswa sendiri. Semua itu menjadi satu kesatuan yang di rancang secara matang agar tujuan dapat tercapai. Guru yang profesional harus bisa mencipatakan suasana kelas yang hidup maupun menyenangkan dengan menguasai berbagai teori maupun tipe-tipe pembelajaran.
Kata kunci : Pembelajaran, Model, Metode, Media.
Aplastic anemia in China
Authors: Liu Chunyan , Shao Zonghong 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Aplastic anemia (AA) is a hematologic disease characterized by pancytopenia. Up to now, severe aplastic anemia (SAA) has been recognized by international and domestic scholars as an autoimmune disease with bone marrow (BM) failure mediated by the hyperfunctional T lymphocytes. The incidence of AA is more in China compared with other countries. In the recent years, both the pathogenesis and treatment of AA have made a great progress in our country. Thus, the therapeutic effect of AA was much better than before. Here, we conclude the researches of AA in China.
Pengembangan Sistem Kontrol dan Pemantauan Tetesan Cairan Infus Otomatis Berbasis Labview dengan Logika Fuzzy
Authors: Yunardi Riky Tri , Setiawan Dani , Maulina Farah , Prijo Tri Anggono 
Published: October 2018

Dalam instrumentasi medis infus merupakan perangkat yang digunakan untuk mengalirkan cairan, obat atau nutrisi secara intravena. Fungsi utama dari infus yaitu memberikan cairan secara periodik pada pasien. Perangkat infus saat ini, untuk mengendalikan kecepatan tetesan cairan dilakukan secara manual oleh staf medis. Masalah yang sering terjadi, seperti penyumbatan atau kehabisan isi cairan dan apabila tidak segera ditangani akan berbahaya bagi pasien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan sistem kontrol dan pemantauan aliran cairan infus secara otomatis. Dengan menggunakan LabVIEW National Instruments untuk memantau tetesan cairan infus. Sistem kontrol logika Fuzzy diimplementasikan dengan menggunakan mikrokontroler berbasis ATmega, yang dilengkapi dengan pompa udara, motor stepper dan pendeteksi aliran cairan. Sistem yang telah dibuat ini dapat dikembangkan untuk membantu tenaga medis dalam memantau kecepatan tetesan cairan infus untuk mencegah risiko terhadap pasien. AbstractIn the medical instrumentation infusion is a device used to drain fluids, medication or nutrients intravenously. The main function of the infusion is to give fluids periodically in patients. Infusion device at this time, to control the speed of the liquid droplets is done manually by the medical staff. Problems often occur, such as a blockage or run out of the fluid content and if not promptly treated can be harmful to the patient. This research aims to develop a prototype of control system and monitoring of the infusion liquid droplets automatically. By using the National Instruments LabVIEW to monitor the flow of intravenous fluids. The Fuzzy logic control system is implemented using an ATmega based microcontroller, equipped with air pumps, stepper motors and liquid flow detection. The performance of the prototype system of monitoring the flow of intravenous fluids automatically have a success rate of 96.75% at the set point value of 20 drops in 1 minute.
Implementasi JST pada Prediksi Total Laba Rugi Komprehensif Bank Umum dan Konvensional dengan Backpropagation
Authors: Windarto Agus Perdana , Lubis Muhammad Ridwan , Solikhun Solikhun 
Published: October 2018

Total laba rugi komprehensif merupakan hasil yang digunakan untuk mengukur keberhasilan kinerja perusahaan selama periode tertentu yang tidak dipengaruhi oleh operasi normal perusahaan. Informasi total lapa rugi komprehensif sangat penting bagi beberapa pengguna laporan keuangan seperti investor, kreditor dan manajemen dalam memprediksi dimana posisi angka total laba rugi komprehensif untuk menentukan arah investasi masyarakat ke depan, begitu juga bagi pihak bank berguna untuk menentukan kebijakan strategi pemasaran dalam meninggkatkan total laba komprehensif tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat prediksi dengan menggunakan Artificial Intelligence dengan algortima backpropagation. Data yang digunakan bersumber dari Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK) pada PT. Bank Mandiri (Persero) Tbk (Januari-Oktober 2016). Untuk melakukan prediksi dengan algortima backpropagation. Proses dilakukan dengan membagi data pelatihan dan pengujian untuk memperoleh model arsitektur terbaik. model arsitektur pelatihan dan pengujian yang digunakan untuk melakukan prediksi Total laba rugi komprehensif yakni: 4-25-1; 4-50-1; 4-50-75-1 dan 4-100-1. Dari serangkaian uji coba didapat pola terbaik dari arsitektur backpropagation adalah 4-50-1 dengan Means Square Error 0,0009978666, epoch 1977 dan akurasi 80% yang selanjutnya akan digunakan untuk melakukan prediksi. Abstract Total comprehensive income is the result used to measure the success of a company's performance over a certain period that is not affected by the company's normal operations. Total information on comprehensive loss is very important for some financial report users such as investors, creditors and management in predicting where the position of the total comprehensive income statement is to determine the direction of public investment going forward, as well as for banks to determine marketing strategy in increasing total profit comprehensive. This study aims to make predictions using Artificial Intelligence with backpropagation algorithms. The data used is sourced from the Financial Services Authority (OJK) at PT. Bank Mandiri (Persero) Tbk (January-October 2016). To predict with backpropagation algorithm. The process is carried out by dividing training and testing data to obtain the best architectural model. the training and testing architectural model used to predict the total comprehensive income: 4-25-1; 4-50-1; 4-50-75-1 and 4-100-1. From a series of trials obtained the best pattern of backpropagation architecture is 4-50-1 with Means Square Error 0,0009978666, epoch 1977 and accuracy 80% which will then be used to make predictions.
Penerapan Metode Hybrid FIS Tsukamoto dan Algoritma Genetika untuk Prediksi Curah Hujan di Daerah Batu
Authors: Wahyuni Ida , Ahda Fadhli Almu'iini , Adipraja Philip Faster Eka 
Published: October 2018

<p>Curah hujan yang semakin tidak menentu memberikan efek yang cukup signifikan pada bidang pertanian dan perkebunan. Salah satu bidang perkebunan yang memanfaatkan pola curah hujan adalah perkebunan apel. Petani apel membutuhkan perhitungan curah hujan untuk menentukan kapan proses pembungaan yang tepat agar hasil panen yang di dapatkan bisa maksimal. Namun, karena tidak menentunya pola curah hujan, petani menjadi kesulitan dalam menentukan waktu pembungaan dan panen apel menjadi tidak maksimal. Pada penelitian ini dibuat sebuah pemodelan yang paling optimal dalam memprediksi curah hujan di daerah Batu, Jawa Timur menggunakan metode <em>hybrid</em> FIS Tsukamoto dan algoritma genetika. Metode <em>hybrid</em> yang dilakukan adalah mengoptimasi batasan fungsi keanggotaan FIS Tsukamoto menggunakan algoritma genetika. Setelah proses pengujian, penerapan metode Metode <em>hybrid</em> FIS Tsukamoto dan algoritma genetika dapat digunakan untuk memprediksi curah hujan dengan nilai <em>error</em> RMSE lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan FIS Tsukamoto tanpa optimasi. Nilai <em>error</em> RMSE pada daerah Junggo sebesar 6.485, pada daerah Pujon sebesar 6.932, pada daerah Tinjomulyo sebesar 5.969, pada daerah Ngujung sebesar 5.498.</p><p> </p><p class="Judul2"><strong><em>Abstract</em></strong></p><p class="Judul2"><em>The erratic rainfall has a significant effect on agriculture and plantations. One area of plantations that utilizes rainfall patterns is apple plantations. Apple farmers need rainfall calculations to determine when the flowering process is right so that the yield can be maximized. However, due to the uncertainty of rainfall patterns, farmers have difficulty in determining the time of flowering and harvesting apples to be not optimal. In this study, the most optimal modeling was used to predict rainfall in the Batu area, East Java using the hybrid FIS Tsukamoto method and genetic algorithm. The hybrid method used is to optimize the boundary function of Tsukamoto's FIS membership using a genetic algorithm. After the testing process, the application of the hybrid method of the Tsukamoto FIS method and the genetic algorithm can be used to predict rainfall with a smaller RMSE error compared to the FIS Tsukamoto without optimization. RMSE error value in Junggo area is 6,485, in Pujon area is 6,932, in Tinjomulyo area is 5,969, in Ngujung area is 5,498.</em></p>
Association of The Mthfr C677t, Factor V (Leiden) G1961a and Prothrombin G20210a Gene Mutations with Recurrent Spontaneous Aboration (Rsa) in Duhok Province
Authors: Mohammed Shaima S. , Al-Timimy Rana A. , Hassan Jinan N. , Mahmood Najat T. 
Published: October 2018

Genetic causes of thrombophilia have been suggested as a possible cause of recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). Fifty female patients aged between 21- 40 years and experienced at least two times early pregnancy loss were enrolled in the current study. Blood samples were aspirated, infectious (TORCH), hormonal (gonadotrophines, steroids, and thyroid hormones), ultrasonic, and serological (anti-lupus and anti-phospholipid antibodies) evaluations were conducted to exclude any individual candidate who had been suspected to have causes of early pregnancy loss rather than the genetic attribute. DNA from each particular sample was extracted by components of (FVL-PTH and MTHFR)StripAssay®A kit Vienna Lab Diagnostics GmbH, Vienna, Austria).this kit includes three steps: (1) DNA isolation, (2) Multiplex PCR amplification was performed by using biotinylated primers, for detecting different mutations in the three genes of interest (FVL-PTH and MTHFR) (3) Hybridization of amplification products to a test strip containing allele-specific oligonucleotide probes immobilized as an array of parallel lines. The results revealed that 24 samples out of 50 had MTHFR C677T mutations while 2 samples only had FV (G1691A)mutation while prothrombin mutation (G20210A)has not been detected. In conclusion: genetic mutation had significant impact in patients suffered recurrent pregnancy loss.