bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unraveling the Cellular Mechanism of Assembling Cholesterols for Selective Cancer Cell Death
Authors: Wang Huaimin , Feng Zhaoqianqi , Yang Cuihong , Liu Jinjian , Medina Jamie E. , Aghvami S. Ali , Dinulescu Daniela M. , Liu Jianfeng , Fraden Seth , Xu Bing 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Acquired drug resistance remains a challenge in chemotherapy. Here we show enzymatic, in situ assembling of cholesterol derivatives to act as polypharmaceuticals for selectively inducing death of cancer cells via multiple pathways and without inducing acquired drug resistance. A conjugate of tyrosine and cholesterol (TC), formed by enzyme-catalyzed dephosphorylation of phosphorylate TC, self-assembles selectively on or in cancer cells. Acting as polypharmaceuticals, the assemblies of TC augment lipid rafts, aggregate extrinsic cell death receptors (e.g., DR5, CD95, or TRAILR), modulate the expression of oncoproteins (e.g., Src and Akt), disrupt the dynamics of cytoskeletons (e.g., actin filaments or microtubules), induce endoplasmic reticulum stress, and increase the production of reactive oxygen species, thus resulting in cell death and preventing acquired drug resistance. Moreover, the assemblies inhibit the growth of platinum-resistant ovarian cancer tumor in a murine model. This work illustrates the use of instructed assembly (iA) in cellular environment to form polypharmaceuticals in situ that not only interact with multiple proteins, but also modulate membrane dynamics for developing novel anticancer therapeutics.

Implications:
As a multifaceted strategy for controlling cancer cell death, iA minimized acquired resistance of cancer cells, which is a new strategy to amplify the genetic difference between cancer and normal cells and provides a promise for overcoming drug resistance in cancer therapy.
Visual Overview: http://mcr.aacrjournals.org/content/molcanres/17/4/907/F1.large.jpg.
A Material Culture: Ottoman Velvets and Their Owners, 1600–1750
Authors: Phillips Amanda 
Published: December 2018

This article traces changes in Ottoman voided and brocaded velvets (çatma) between the years of 1580 and 1740. It argues that demand for a distinctive type of cushion cover—which became an emblem of refined taste—substantially changed the nature of silk production in the weaving center of Bursa. Using estate inventories to trace the quantities and prices of çatma cushion covers, several trends emerge, the most significant being an increasing range of prices for the same category of textile and a sudden jump in çatma prices for the years after 1720 or so. Moreover, through technical analysis of extant çatmas, the agility with which the weavers diversified their production becomes clear. Finally, analysis coupled with price history also reveals a surprising fact: the new, elegant, and apparently sought-after style of çatma cushion cover commanded a higher price but cost less to weave.
An Iskandarnāma of Nizami Produced for Ibrahim Sultan
Authors: Uluç Lâle 
Published: December 2018

This paper introduces a copy of the Iskandarnāma of Nizami dated 1435 and dedicated to the Timurid prince Ibrahim Sultan, grandson of the eponymous founder of the Timurid dynasty. It discusses the various features of the manuscript together with comparable examples from the same period, and also focuses on Abu al-Fath Ibrahim Sultan ibn Shah Rukh and his role as both a military leader and a patron of the arts during his tenure as the governor of the provinces of Fars, Kirman, and Luristan (1414–35). Utilizing the visual data together with the historical context of the period, this essay interprets one of the illustrations of the Iskandarnāma, hoping to fulfill what David Summers called “the most basic task of art history,” which he says “is to explain why works of art look the way they look.” The addition of this Iskandarnāma manuscript to the surviving corpus of works that can be connected to Ibrahim Sultan will provide a further insight into the important patronage of this Timurid prince.
The Agdal of Marrakesh (12th to 20th Centuries): An Agricultural Space for Caliphs and Sultans. Part II: Hydraulics, Architecture, and Agriculture
Authors: Navarro Julio , Garrido Fidel , Almela Íñigo 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
The Agdal is a royal estate located south of Marrakesh, founded by the Almohad caliph Abu Yaʿqub Yusuf (r. 1163–84). Its current walled perimeter contains 340 hectares, mostly orchards that have been cultivated uninterruptedly, and more than 40 preserved buildings, with numerous archaeological remains scattered throughout its interior. This article is a continuation of one published previously in Muqarnas 34 (2017), which focused on the history of the estate and provided an analysis of the written sources. In this second part, we present an archaeological and architectural study of the Agdal from the material record that we documented in two archaeological surveys carried out in 2012 and 2014. We discuss the complex hydraulic system that has sustained the estate, the internal organization of the enclosures and plots, its diverse agricultural production, the configuration of palatine architecture and spaces for animals, as well as the successive historical transformations of the Agdal.
Oceans and Space: New Frontiers in Investment Protection?
Authors: Schill Stephan W. , Tams Christian J. , Hofmann Rainer 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
This article provides background and introduces into the overarching themes of the contributions to the Special Issue dealing with investment protection in areas beyond territorial jurisdiction at sea and in outer space. It explains that fast-paced commercialization, evolving technological advances, and the inevitable need for regulatory intervention make the oceans and space into an increasingly important topic in international investment law. At the same time, investment lawyers, as well as experts in the law of the sea and space law, have largely ignored the legal issues foreign investments raise in these spaces. The article sketches out a framework for addressing the underlying issues from an investment law perspective, pointing out both familiar conceptual approaches and novel challenges.
A Hypothesis on the Origin of Old Chinese Pharyngealization (上古漢語咽化聲母來源的一個假設)
Authors: Sagart (沙加爾) Laurent , Baxter (白一平) William H. 
Published: December 2018

It is proposed that oc pharyngealized onset consonants—that is, ‘type-A’ onset consonants—arose out of Proto-Sino-Tibetan plain consonants followed by geminate vowels separated by a pharyngeal fricative. When the first copy of the geminate vowel fell, the initial consonants formed clusters with the pharyngeal fricative, evolving into the oc pharyngealized consonants we reconstruct. In the Kuki-Chin branch of Tibeto-Burman, the pharyngeal fricative fell, and long vowels resulted. This proposal supposes a statistical correlation between Kuki-Chin long vowels and oc type-A words on the one hand, and between Kuki-Chin short vowels and oc type-B words on the other, as originally proposed by S. Starostin. A significant statistic bearing on forty-three probable Chinese-Kuki-Chin cognates supports this correlation. Thus reconstructed, a precursor language of Proto-Sino-Tibetan was aligned with Proto-Austronesian and Proto-Austroasiatic in exhibiting a surface constraint against monomoraic free words: by that constraint, the vowel of an underlying monosyllable was realized as a geminate with an intervening parasitic consonant such as a glottal stop or a pharyngeal fricative, while the vowels of a disyllable remained nongeminate. After reduction of disyllables to monosyllables, this process resulted in a pharyngealized vs. nonpharyngealized consonant distinction in oc.
論文提出對上古漢語咽化聲母（即“A類聲母”）來源的一個假設，認為咽化聲母來源於原始漢藏語的無標記輔音，並且此無標記輔音後跟隨著由咽部擦音[ʕ]分割的雙胞元音（geminate vowels）。在雙胞元音的前半部分脫落後，輔音聲母跟咽部擦音形成了複輔音。新形成的複輔音最終演變為上古漢語的咽化聲母。而在藏緬語庫基-欽（Kuki-Chin）語支中，則是咽化擦音脫落，使雙胞元音變為長元音。本文解釋了漢語與庫基-欽語中一個統計學的顯著相關性：一方面，庫基-欽語含長元音的詞與上古漢語含A類聲母的詞呈顯著相關；另一方面，庫基-欽語含短元音的詞與上古漢語含B類聲母的詞呈顯著相關，正如斯塔羅金（S. Starostin）所說。據此構擬，我們提出原始漢藏語、原始南島語與原始南亞語中的一個共同限制（constraint）：禁止在語流中出現單音拍（monomoraic）詞。在這一限制的作用下，單音節詞的單元音發生了雙胞化（germination），雙胞元音中間插入了喉塞音或咽部擦音之類的次聲輔音。而同時，雙音節詞的元音無變化。漢語經過雙音節詞的單音節化，就形成了無標記輔音與咽化輔音的音位對立。(This article is in English.)
The Five Falling Contours in Jianyang MinTypological Significances (建陽閩語的聲調模式:兼論五條降拱的類型學意義)
Authors: Shen (沈瑞清) Ruiqing , Hong (洪英) Ying , Lam (林文芳) Man Fong , Zhu (朱曉農) Xiaonong 
Published: December 2018

This paper has confirmed five falling contours in the Jianyang variety of Northern Min, {62, 52, 54, 43, 32}, which are typologically identified as High-Falling in Rg U, High-Falling in Rg M, Slight-Falling-H, Slight-Falling-L, and Pure Low Tone. The finding of this extreme case of falling contours has enriched the universal tonal inventory by adding two falling tonotypes: High-Falling in Rg U and Slight-Falling-L.
本文描寫閩北建陽話的聲調，幷從類型學角度對它們進行定位。建陽話除了一個升調、一個高短調跟一個平調外，還有五條降拱，{63, 52, 54, 43, 32} 對類型學構成很大的挑戰。在普適調型庫中它們可以確定爲四個降型調和一個純低調：上域高降型 /63/；常域高降型 /52/、高微降型 /54/、中微降型 /43/、純低調 /22/。這四個降型調的發現，對聲調類型學有三重意義：1）豐富了調型庫：原來微降只有一種，現在要增補一種；2）原來上域降調只有短降，現在要增補一種長降。3）證實了一個有五條降拱的極端例子。(This article is in Chinese.)
Africanos livres do Estabelecimento Naval do Itapura e Colônia Militar (1858-1872)
Authors: E Gonzaga da Silva Jéssica de Freitas 
Published: December 2018

O artigo almeja apresentar a experiência dos africanos livres no Estabelecimento Naval do Itapura e Colônia Militar, a partir da análise de fontes pertencentes à Coleção Documentos Navais. Dessa forma, pretendemos contribuir com subsídios para compreender o papel desempenhado pela Armada Imperial no tocante à adoção da escravização ilegal e como a Instituição atou nas negociações de emancipação por meio de políticas de concessão de alforria conduzidas pelo Capitão-Tenente, Antonio Mariano de Azevedo, Diretor de Itapura.
Characterization of Hazelnut Milk Powders: A Comparison of Spray-Drying and Freeze-Drying
Authors: Ermis Ertan , Güner Kübra Özkan , Yilmaz Mustafa Tahsin 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Production of hazelnut milk powder (HMP) was investigated using maltodextrin (MD) as supporting material. Spray-drying and freeze-drying techniques were used to obtain the powder material. MD was added at concentrations of 5%, 10% and 15% (w/w) prior to drying. The powder properties were evaluated by determining flowing properties (Hausner ratio and angle of repose), thermal behaviour using DSC, molecular properties using FTIR, solubility and zeta potential. Hausner Ratio for both spray dried (SDHMP) and freze-dried (FDHMP) samples varied from 1.30 to 1.64 corresponding to very poor flow. The FDHM powder samples exhibited slightly lower Hausner Ratio values than SDHM powders. FTIR spectras showed that both SDHM and FDHM exhibited similar absorbance characteristics with slight differences. Lower endothermic transition temperatures were recorded from FDHMP when compared to SDHMP. The solubility in water for both powder samples ranged from 20 to 65 % depending on the drying method and MD content. Based on the residual moisture content, water activity, solubility and flowability, spray drying process was found to produce better quality powders compared to freeze drying process.
Science in my life
Authors: Mascarenhas Yvonne Primerano 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
This paper presents an overview of my career from my first contact with chemistry in 1948, when I was in the second year of secondary school and realized, for the first time, the importance of this science. This discovery led me to focus my university studies toward a bachelor’s degree in Chemistry. It was then that I had my first experience with the discipline of Crystallography, taught by Elisiário Távora, a young mineralogist who received his doctorate from MIT. Recognizing the importance of X-ray Crystallography for the elucidation of the molecular and crystal structure of all substances and for the understanding of their chemical and physical properties, I decided to dedicate myself to improving my knowledge of this subject with several visits to excellent international research groups working under the supervision of well-known crystallographers. Along with my scientific activities in Crystallography, another of my interests was to contribute to efforts to increase the number of crystallographers in Brazil and Latin-America, orienting several Master and PhD students. The support given by foreign visiting scientists and by those that became permanent members of our Institute and of other Brazilian research groups have been very important throughout my career.
Negative Intra Group Network Externalities in a Monopolistic Two-Sided Market
Authors: Kurucu Gokce 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
This paper analyzes the optimal market structures and pricing strategies of a monopolist platform in a two-sided market where the agents on each side prefer the platform to be less competitive on their side; that is, in a market with negative intra-group network externalities. Results show that the equilibrium market structure varies with the extent of negative intra-group network externalities. If the negative network externalities are substantial, that is, if an agent’s disutility due to a larger sized market on his side is high (enough), then the profit-maximizing strategy for the matchmaker will be to match the highest types of one side with all of the agents on the other side. In that case, the matchmaker will charge a high entrance fee from the former side and allow free entrance to the agents of the latter side. However, if the network externalities are not substantial, then the matchmaker will maximize profits by matching an equal number of agents from each side. This paper thus provides an explanation of the asymmetric pricing schedules in two-sided markets when the matchmaker uses a one-program pricing schedule.
Unique 3D framework formed by adding MIIO4 groups into high Sb/P ratio phosphatoantimonates
Authors: Zhang Wei-Long , Guo Zhen-Gang , Guan Xiang-Feng , Chen Chinghwa , He Jiangang , Luo Pei-Hui , Li Xiao-Yan , Ding Feng-Hua , Cheng Wen-Dan 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Explorations on a mixed metal phosphatoantimonate system led to the discovery of two new anhydrous phosphatoantimonates, namely, Cs4MSb6P4O28 (M=Mg, Zn), which represent the first examples of quinary AI – MII –SbV – PV– O systems. Single-crystal structure analysis reveals that the two title compounds crystallize in the tetragonal space group I41/a (No. 88). Their structures feature complicated 3D frameworks with interesting tunnel structures comprised of corner sharing MO4 tetrahedra, SbO6 octahedra and PO4 tetrahedra, with the Cs+ cations sitting in the tunnels to balance the valence. Optical reflectance spectrum measurements show that these two compounds are insulators with band gaps of about 4.5 eV.
LOPES, Reinaldo José. 1499. O Brasil antes de Cabral. Rio de Janeiro: Harper Collins, 2017, 246 p.
Authors: Dos Santos Eloína Prati 
Published: December 2018

Resenha do livro: LOPES, Reinaldo José. 1499. O Brasil antes de Cabral. Rio de Janeiro: Harper Collins, 2017, 246 p.
Phase-Dependent Suppression of Beta Oscillations in Parkinson's Disease Patients
Authors: Holt Abbey B. , Kormann Eszter , Gulberti Alessandro , Pötter-Nerger Monika , McNamara Colin G. , Cagnan Hayriye , Baaske Magdalena K. , Little Simon , Köppen Johannes A. , Buhmann Carsten , Westphal Manfred , Gerloff Christian , Engel Andreas K. , Brown Peter , Hamel Wolfgang , Moll Christian K.E. , Sharott Andrew 
Published: December 2018

Synchronized oscillations within and between brain areas facilitate normal processing, but are often amplified in disease. A prominent example is the abnormally sustained beta-frequency (∼20 Hz) oscillations recorded from the cortex and subthalamic nucleus of Parkinson's disease patients. Computational modeling suggests that the amplitude of such oscillations could be modulated by applying stimulation at a specific phase. Such a strategy would allow selective targeting of the oscillation, with relatively little effect on other activity parameters. Here, activity was recorded from 10 awake, parkinsonian patients (6 male, 4 female human subjects) undergoing functional neurosurgery. We demonstrate that stimulation arriving on a particular patient-specific phase of the beta oscillation over consecutive cycles could suppress the amplitude of this pathophysiological activity by up to 40%, while amplification effects were relatively weak. Suppressive effects were accompanied by a reduction in the rhythmic output of subthalamic nucleus (STN) neurons and synchronization with the mesial cortex. While stimulation could alter the spiking pattern of STN neurons, there was no net effect on firing rate, suggesting that reduced beta synchrony was a result of alterations to the relative timing of spiking activity, rather than an overall change in excitability. Together, these results identify a novel intrinsic property of cortico-basal ganglia synchrony that suggests the phase of ongoing neural oscillations could be a viable and effective control signal for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. This work has potential implications for other brain diseases with exaggerated neuronal synchronization and for probing the function of rhythmic activity in the healthy brain.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTIn Parkinson's disease (PD), movement impairment is correlated with exaggerated beta frequency oscillations in the cerebral cortex and subthalamic nucleus (STN). Using a novel method of stimulation in PD patients undergoing neurosurgery, we demonstrate that STN beta oscillations can be suppressed when consecutive electrical pulses arrive at a specific phase of the oscillation. This effect is likely because of interrupting the timing of neuronal activity rather than excitability, as stimulation altered the firing pattern of STN spiking without changing overall rate. These findings show the potential of oscillation phase as an input for “closed-loop” stimulation, which could provide a valuable neuromodulation strategy for the treatment of brain disorders and for elucidating the role of neuronal oscillations in the healthy brain.
MUTATION ANALYSIS OF DJ-1 GENE IN VIETNAMESE PARKINSON’S DISEASE PATIENTS
Authors: Giang Ho Truong , Hieu Nguyen Duc , Hoai Thu Nguyen Thi , Nghia Vu Xuan , Bich Thuy Vo Thi 
Published: December 2018

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a degenerative condition of the brain of uncertain cause that mainly affects older people. Shaking is a distinctive feature of the disease, but slowness, poverty of movement and stiffness interfere with everyday life. A large number of known pathogenic mutations of genes related to PD have been identified. The DJ-1 gene, one of PARK genes, is considered as the primary cause of PD in different populations. The analysis of mutation frequency of the DJ-1 gene in Vietnamese PD patients is necessary to clarify the pathogenic associations of PD with the DJ-1 gene and to understand the pathogenesis and genetic mechanisms of PD. In this study, genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood of 30 PD patients (mean age 64.11 ± 7.31 years) and 20 controls and directed Sanger sequencing of one fragment of DJ-1 gene, containing the introns 4 and 5 as well as exon 5. The obtained results showed that there were 13 heterozygous or homozygous point mutations in introns 4 and 5. The late-onset sporadic PD (LOPD) patient carried a single homozygous mutation in intron 5 (IVS5+31G>A), and others had a heterozygous mutation, all of unknown significance. Moreover, both the Ala86Glu and Gly95Leu mutations in exon 5 were present in one LOPD patient suggesting possible change of functional protein. Analysis of these mutations were shown the nonsynonymous and uncertain significant mutation, therefore they may not be related to pathogenic mutations of PD. Further research is needed to study the contribution of the novel found mutation in other PARK genes to the pathogenesis of Vietnamese PD patients.
HAEMAGGLUTINATION ACTIVITY OF THE EXTRACTS FROM SOME VIETNAM MARINE INVERTEBRATES
Authors: Trung Dinh Thanh , Dieu Trang Vo Thi , Duy Ngoc Ngo Thi , Hoai Trinh Phan Thi , Hai Yen Tran Thi , Hung Le Dinh 
Published: December 2018

Aqueous extracts from 21 species of Vietnam marine invertebrates, including 11 bivalve and 10 gastropod species, were examined for haemagglutination activity using native and enzyme-treated different animal and human erythrocytes. The 8 bivalve and 10 gastropod species were found to have haemagglutinination activities toward at least one type of erythrocyte tested. A total of 86% of marine invertebrate species surveyed were active. Strong activity was detected in extracts from two bivalve species (Tridacna squamosa and Geloina coaxans) and three gastropod species (Tutufa rubeta, Pleuroploca trapezium and Tectus conus) with enzyme-treated rabbit, horse and human A, B, O erythrocytes. In a haemagglutination–inhibition test with various monosaccharides and glycoproteins, haemagglutination activities of two extracts from T. rubeta and P. trapezium had no affinity for any of the monosaccharides and glycoproteins tested, while activities of the extracts from T. squamosa and T. conus were strongly inhibited by porcine stomach mucin tested, suggesting the presence of lectins specific for O-glycans of these species. The activities of four marine invertebrate extracts were stable over a wide range ofpH and temperature. The haemagglutination activities of T. rubeta and P. trapezium extracts were independent of the presence of divalent cations, whereas the haemagglutination activity of extracts from T. squamosa and T. conus were slightly dependent on the presence of divalent cations. The results suggest that Vietnam marine invertebrates may be good sources of useful lectins for biochemical and biomedical applications.
A comunicação para a conservação: o caso do movimento em prol da APA da Escarpa Devoniana (Paraná, Brasil)
Authors: Mochiutti Nair Fernanda B. , Guimarães Gilson Burigo 
Published: December 2018

A Área de Proteção Ambiental da Escarpa Devoniana é uma unidade de conservação de uso sustentável criada em 1992, destinada à proteção do patrimônio natural e cultural dos Campos Gerais e da zona de transição entre o Primeiro e o Segundo Planalto Paranaense, incluindo geossítios do patrimônio geológico brasileiro, como a própria Escarpa Devoniana, o Buraco do Padre e os arenitos de Vila Velha. Em 2016 passou a tramitar na Assembleia Legislativa o Projeto de Lei 527/2016, o qual prevê a redução de quase 70% de sua área original. Uma sinergia entre a comunidade científica, acadêmica, conservacionista e a população em geral levou a diversas ações bem sucedidas de comunicação, tais como: a criação de uma página em rede social em defesa da unidade de conservação; produção de material de divulgação científica, explicação da relevância da unidade e motivos para rejeição do projeto; reportagens em vários veículos; palestras sobre a unidade de conservação e o projeto de lei; e a produção de um documentário, com importante participação de artistas paranaenses. Como resultados o projeto de lei teve suas condições de aprovação fortemente diminuídas e o nível de conhecimento da população sobre o patrimônio natural e cultural da APA da Escarpa Devoniana aumentou significativamente.