bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Die Ableitung olfaktorisch evozierter Potenziale in Patienten mit limbischer Enzephalitis
Authors: Schmidt Felix , Harms Lutz , Prüss Harald , Geran Rohat , Olze Heidi , Maas Matthew , Uecker Florian 
Published: March 2018

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie In dieser Studie wurde erstmals das Riechvermögen bei Patienten mit limbischer Enzephalitis (LE) mittels olfaktorisch evozierter Potenziale (OERP) untersucht.
Methodik Bei 19 LE Patienten (9 weibliche, 10 männliche Patienten, mittleres Alter 47 Jahre) und 19 gesunden Kotrollprobanden (GK) wurde das Riechvermögen mittels psychophysischer Schwellen-Diskrimination-Identifikations-Testung (SDI) und mittels OERPs bestimmt.
Ergebnisse 10 LE Pat. (53%) hatten eine Hyposmie, 2 Pat. (11%) eine funktionelle Anosmie und 7 Pat. (36%) waren normosmisch. Der SDI-Mittelwert±Standardabweichung betrug bei den LE-Patienten 27,3±6,7; bei den GK 34,7±2,2. Der SDI-Wert der LE Patienten war im Vergleich zu den GK signifikant vermindert (p<0,0001). Alle untersuchten Patienten mit eingeschränktem Riechvermögen zeigten pathologische OERPs.
Schlussfolgerung Riechstörungen konnten gehäuft bei LE Patienten nachgewiesen werden. Möglicherweise sind hierfür strukturelle Schädigungen des limbischen Systems, das an der Weiterverarbeitung von olfaktorischen Informationen beteiligt ist, ursächlich. Die Ableitung von OERPs erwies sich als geeignetes objektives Untersuchungsverfahren zur Detektion von Riechstörungen bei LE Patienten.
Exploring the role of ‘brokers’ in developing a localised curriculum
Authors: Leat David , Thomas Ulrike 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACTThere is a move in some countries, including England, towards less curriculum control by government. This stands in contrast to a national curriculum which may be universally applied in all schools within a state/country. National curricula tend to use either content‐based (subject mastery) or process (skills)‐based models. More localised curricula have the potential to be more issue‐ and problem‐centred using local resources and people as part of their building blocks. However, marketisation and globalisation typified by Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) ‘effect’ on national policies have discouraged teachers' creativity and curriculum innovation and negated teacher agency. Unfortunately, schools and community partners can find it hard to work together because of logistical, communication and cultural impediments, which gives significance to the role of curriculum brokers who can bridge these divides. This paper offers a case study of two brokers in order to describe, understand and conceptualise their role in curriculum development. The wider implications for curriculum development are outlined.
Network-based integration of multi-omics data for prioritizing cancer genes
Authors: Dimitrakopoulos Christos , Hindupur Sravanth Kumar , Häfliger Luca , Behr Jonas , Montazeri Hesam , Hall Michael N , Beerenwinkel Niko 
Published: March 2018

Abstract

Motivation
Several molecular events are known to be cancer-related, including genomic aberrations, hypermethylation of gene promoter regions and differential expression of microRNAs. These aberration events are very heterogeneous across tumors and it is poorly understood how they affect the molecular makeup of the cell, including the transcriptome and proteome. Protein interaction networks can help decode the functional relationship between aberration events and changes in gene and protein expression.

Results
We developed NetICS (Network-based Integration of Multi-omics Data), a new graph diffusion-based method for prioritizing cancer genes by integrating diverse molecular data types on a directed functional interaction network. NetICS prioritizes genes by their mediator effect, defined as the proximity of the gene to upstream aberration events and to downstream differentially expressed genes and proteins in an interaction network. Genes are prioritized for individual samples separately and integrated using a robust rank aggregation technique. NetICS provides a comprehensive computational framework that can aid in explaining the heterogeneity of aberration events by their functional convergence to common differentially expressed genes and proteins. We demonstrate NetICS’ competitive performance in predicting known cancer genes and in generating robust gene lists using TCGA data from five cancer types.

Availability and implementation
NetICS is available at https://github.com/cbg-ethz/netics.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
A micro X-ray computed tomography dataset of South African hermit crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura: Paguroidea) containing scans of two rare specimens and three recently described species
Authors: Landschoff Jannes , Du Plessis Anton , Griffiths Charles L 
Published: March 2018

Abstract

Background
Along with the conventional deposition of physical types at natural history museums, the deposition of 3-dimensional (3D) image data has been proposed for rare and valuable museum specimens, such as irreplaceable type material.

Findings
Micro computed tomography (μCT) scan data of 5 hermit crab species from South Africa, including rare specimens and type material, depicted main identification characteristics of calcified body parts. However, low-image contrasts, especially in larger (&gt;50 mm total length) specimens, did not allow sufficient 3D reconstructions of weakly calcified and fine characteristics, such as soft tissue of the pleon, mouthparts, gills, and setation. Reconstructions of soft tissue were sometimes possible, depending on individual sample and scanning characteristics. The raw data of seven scans are publicly available for download from the GigaDB repository.

Conclusions
Calcified body parts visualized from μCT data can aid taxonomic validation and provide additional, virtual deposition of rare specimens. The use of a nondestructive, nonstaining μCT approach for taxonomy, reconstructions of soft tissue structures, microscopic spines, and setae depend on species characteristics. Constrained to these limitations, the presented dataset can be used for future morphological studies. However, our virtual specimens will be most valuable to taxonomists who can download a digital avatar for 3D examination. Simultaneously, in the event of physical damage to or loss of the original physical specimen, this dataset serves as a vital insurance policy.
The Law of Tracing in Commercial Transactions
Authors: Raczynska Magda 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
A pressing problem often facing commercial practitioners is how to determine the principle which would dictate when a proprietary claim is available and when it is not. This book explains the nature and structure of key interests in property in commercial transactions and analyses the incidence of proprietary claims available to holders of different interests in assets. It starts by identifying the structure of those interests which the author terms ‘lesser proprietary interests’, comprising security interests and interests based on retention of title in contracts of sale of goods, hire-purchase agreements, and leases, thereby contributing to the understanding of concepts which are traditionally used to explain this area of law such as bailment and fiduciary relationship. The book examines the circumstances in which the interests are lost and the extent to which proprietary claims can be asserted in assets that derive from the original subject matter, that is proceeds, products and income, as well as in accretions. It examines these claims at three levels: as a matter of default rules in the absence of misappropriation of the original subject matter; as a matter of contract; and in circumstances in which the original subject matter has been misappropriated. The book approaches the topic of tracing and derived assets in commercial transactions on a principled basis.
Introduction
Authors: Raczynska Magda 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
This book examines the proprietary protection of the key forms of proprietary interests arising in commercial transactions. The focus is on the so-called lesser proprietary interests, interests which are less than absolute interests and are created in favour of suppliers of goods under a contract of sale with title-based interests and consensual security interests. The book considers tracing, the process of identifying an asset later in time in relation to an asset earlier in time. Chapters discuss the legal structure of proprietary interests, the ways in which those proprietary interests are lost, how new assets can derive from other assets, the default rules governing proprietary interests in derived assets outside contract and outside misapplication of assets, and the issues with contracts that provide for proprietary interests in derived assets. The book also analyses issues that arise from proprietary claims to derived assets where the originally held asset was misapplied.
Conclusion
Authors: Raczynska Magda 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
This book has examined the default rules governing proprietary interests in derived assets and the issues with contracts that provide for proprietary interests in such assets. It has analysed the circumstances that allow the secured creditor or supplier to make a proprietary restitutionary claim to proceeds of unauthorised dispositions of assets subject to security interests and title-based interests. It has shown that security interests and title-based interests extend to accretions, which become part of the original asset and, with the exception of pledges, to mixtures. It has proposed a new structure of the legal relationship between parties to secured transactions and title-based transactions. The book has also considered the difference in treatment between fruits (income) and substitutes by citing Article 9 of the U.S. Uniform Commercial Code. Finally, it has discussed whether a ‘principle of substitutions’ is supported under the current English law.
Towards a Unified Theory for Private Investment Funds
Authors: Spangler Timothy 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
This chapter considers future legal and regulatory responses to private investment funds in the context of a country’s current political dynamics. It begins with a discussion of the regulatory policy issues surrounding private investment funds before and after the global financial crisis, criticisms against private equity funds and hedge funds, and lessons from the Alternative Investment Fund Managers Directive. It then examines indirect regulation of private investment funds as a way forward, along with financial innovation and regulatory arbitrage. In particular, it explains how the global financial crisis has exposed the complexity of modern financial markets, noting that one of the primary drivers of this complexity has been financial innovation. The chapter concludes by analysing investor-centric approaches to addressing the governance challenge present in private investment funds.
Psychosocial Risk Factors and Other Than Honorable Military Discharge: Providing Healthcare to Previously Ineligible Veterans
Authors: Elbogen Eric B , Wagner H Ryan , Brancu Mira , Kimbrel Nathan A , Naylor Jennifer C , Swinkels Cindy M ,   VA Mid-Atlantic MIRECC Workgroup, Fairbank John A 
Published: March 2018

Abstract

Introduction
In response to a strong focus on suicide prevention for all veterans, the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) recently revised policy to provide emergency mental healthcare for veterans who received Other Than Honorable (OTH) discharges from the military. This current study takes a preliminary step toward identifying demographic, historic, military, clinical, and social characteristics of veterans with OTH discharges.

Materials and Methods
N = 1,172 Iraq/Afghanistan-era veterans were evaluated between 2005 and 2016 in the multi-site VA Mid-Atlantic Mental Illness, Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC) Study of Post-Deployment Mental Health (PDMH Study).

Results
Veterans with OTH discharges constituted 2.7% of our sample, approximating the estimated rate in the overall U.S. veteran population. Compared to veterans discharged under honorable conditions, veterans with OTH discharges were more likely to be younger and have greater odds of reporting family history of drug abuse and depression. Further, veterans with OTH discharges reported a lower level of social support and were more likely to be single, endorse more sleep problems, score higher on measures of drug misuse, have a history of incarceration, and meet diagnostic criteria for major depressive disorder. A subsequent matching analysis provided further evidence of the association between OTH discharge and two risk factors: drug misuse and incarceration.

Conclusion
These findings elucidate potential factors associated with veterans with OTH discharges, particularly substance abuse and criminal justice involvement. Results also indicate higher incidence of risk factors that often accompany suicidal ideation and should be a highlighted component of healthcare delivery to this vulnerable cohort of veterans.
Discovery of three strongly lensed quasars in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
Authors: Williams P R , Agnello A , Treu T , Abramson L E , Anguita T , Apostolovski Y , Chen G C-F , Fassnacht C D , Hsueh J W , Lemaux B C , Motta V , Oldham L , Rojas K , Rusu C E , Shajib A J , Wang X 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
We present the discovery of three quasar lenses in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, selected using two novel photometry-based selection techniques. The J0941+0518 system, with two point sources separated by 5.46 arcsec on either side of a galaxy, has source and lens redshifts 1.54 and 0.343. Images of J2257+2349 show two point sources separated by 1.67 arcsec on either side of an E/S0 galaxy. The extracted spectra show two images of the same quasar at zs = 2.10. SDSS J1640+1045 has two quasar spectra at zs = 1.70 and fits to the SDSS and Pan-STARRS images confirm the presence of a galaxy between the two point sources. We observed 56 photometrically selected lens candidates in this follow-up campaign, confirming three new lenses, re-discovering one known lens, and ruling out 36 candidates, with 16 still inconclusive. This initial campaign demonstrates the power of purely photometric selection techniques in finding lensed quasars.
The Impact of Early Substance Use Disorder Treatment Response on Treatment Outcomes Among Pregnant Women With Primary Opioid Use
Authors: Tuten Michelle , Fitzsimons Heather , Hochheimer Martin , Jones Hendree E. , Chisolm Margaret S. 
Published: March 2018

Objectives:
This study examined the impact of early patient response on treatment utilization and substance use among pregnant participants enrolled in substance use disorder (SUD) treatment.

Methods:
Treatment responders (TRs) and treatment nonresponders (TNRs) were compared on pretreatment and treatment measures. Regression models predicted treatment utilization and substance use.

Results:
TR participants attended more treatment and had lower rates of substance use relative to TNR participants. Regression models for treatment utilization and substance use were significant. Maternal estimated gestational age (EGA) and baseline cocaine use were negatively associated with treatment attendance. Medication-assisted treatment, early treatment response, and baseline SUD treatment were positively associated with treatment attendance. Maternal EGA was negatively associated with counseling attendance; early treatment response was positively associated with counseling attendance. Predictors of any substance use at 1 month were maternal education, EGA, early treatment nonresponse, and baseline cocaine use. The single predictor of any substance use at 2 months was early treatment nonresponse. Predictors of opioid use at 1 month were maternal education, EGA, early treatment nonresponse, and baseline SUD treatment. Predictors of opioid use at 2 months were early treatment nonresponse, and baseline cocaine and marijuana use. Predictors of cocaine use at 1 month were early treatment nonresponse, baseline cocaine use, and baseline SUD treatment. Predictors of cocaine use at 2 months were early treatment nonresponse and baseline cocaine use.

Conclusions:
Early treatment response predicts more favorable maternal treatment utilization and substance use outcomes. Treatment providers should implement interventions to maximize patient early response to treatment.
Factors Associated With Spinopelvic Fixation Mechanical Failure After Total Sacrectomy
Authors: Tang Xiaodong , Yang Rongli , Qu Huayi , Cai Zhenyu , Guo Wei 
Published: March 2018

Study Design.
We retrospectively analyzed factors associated with spinopelvic mechanical failure after total sacrectomy.

Objective.
To find the rate and type of mechanical fixation failure after total sacrectomy and to identify the associated risk factors.

Summary of Background Data.
Although rigid fixation has been achieved, mechanical failure is sometimes encountered in reconstruction after total sacrectomy. The incidence and factors associated with spinopelvic fixation mechanical failure after total sacrectomy are still not clear.

Methods.
The study comprised 63 patients who underwent spinopelvic reconstruction after total sacrectomy. The potential risk factors for fixation mechanical failure after total sacrectomy were evaluated, which included age, sex, body mass index, type of tumor (benign or malignant), and adjuvant treatment received (e.g., chemotherapy, radiation therapy). The surgery-related factors included the classification of tumor resection (en bloc or piecemeal resection) and the type of iliosacral resection. Adoption of anterior spinal column fixation (ASCF), posterior pelvic ring fixation (PPRF), four-rod technique (FRT) of spinopelvic fixation (SPF), and structural or morselized bone grafting after total sacrectomy in patients were considered reconstruction-related factors. Cox regression models were used to analyze associations between postoperative fixation failure and risk factors for all models.

Results.
Postoperative fixation mechanical failure occurred in 25% of patients (16/63) who underwent total sacrectomy. Univariate analysis showed that the factors associated with spinopelvic fixation mechanical failure after total sacrectomy were the non-adoption of FRT of SPF and ASCF, the adoption of Type II sacroiliac resection, and female sex, whereas multivariate analysis demonstrated similar results, except for the adoption of Type II sacroilliac resection.

Conclusion.
FRT connection of SPF and ASCF should be adopted in reconstruction after total sacrectomy, especially in female patients.

Level of Evidence: 3
Management of Sacrococcygeal Chordoma
Authors: Ahmed Ahmed T. , Abdel-Rahman Omar , Morsy Mohamed , Mustafa Karim , Testini Paola , Aleem Ilyas S. , Murad Mohammad Hassan , Nassr Ahmad 
Published: March 2018

Study Design.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.

Objective.
The aim of the study is to evaluate different treatment modalities in the management of sacrococcygeal chordoma.

Summary of Background Data.
Chordomas are primary malignant bone tumors associated with considerable morbidity and mortality.

Methods.
We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central-Register of Controlled Trials, and Scopus from inception to July 2015. Eligible studies included patients with sacrococcygeal chordoma treated exclusively with surgery, radiotherapy, or both. Two reviewers independently assessed the eligibility of potential studies, risk of bias, and extracted data. Outcomes of interest were all-cause mortality, progression-free survival, and metastases. We analyzed further surgical outcomes by resection margin. All outcomes were assessed at 60 months and more than 60 months following intervention.

Results.
We included 33 noncomparative studies reporting on 501 patients (mean age 57 years). Overall mortality rate was (16%) after surgical resection with adjuvant radiotherapy and (28%) after surgical resection, and (43%) after radiotherapy (P = 0.28). All-cause mortality following wide surgical resection was (32%) compared to (40%) after marginal resection (P = 0.51). Overall progression-free survival rate was (58%) after surgical resection with adjuvant radiotherapy and (55%) after surgery (P = 0.92). However, at more than 60 months follow-up, progression-free survival rates were significantly higher (P = 0.024) following surgical resection with adjuvant radiotherapy (74%) in comparison to surgery (55%) and radiotherapy (36%). Overall progression-free survival rates were nonsignificantly higher after wide surgical resection (66%) than marginal resection (33%) (P = 0.16). However, at 60 months follow-up, progression-free survival rates were significantly higher following wide surgical resection (73%) than marginal resection (33%) (P = 0.047).

Conclusion.
Sacrococcygeal chordoma is a difficult to treat disease entity. Until comparative studies become available, wide surgical resection and multidisciplinary management are the recommended approaches to improve patient outcomes.

Level of Evidence: 3
Donor Site Assessment for Female Hairline Restoration in Southeast Asians
Authors: Ingprasert Sittichai , Pathomvanich Damkerng , Pinyopawasutthi Patra 
Published: March 2018

BACKGROUND
Female hairline restoration has increasingly been in demand for the past decade. However, no reports address the correlation between characteristics of hair at the hairline and at the donor area.

OBJECTIVE
To assess follicular characteristics at the hairline and at the donor area including hair density, diameter, and their correlation.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
One hundred one randomly selected Southeast Asian female volunteers were assessed for hairline and donor area characteristics. Data from the donor sites, including the temporal, parietal, occipital, and neck region were compared with that of the hairline.

RESULTS
Hairline density was 135.2 hair/cm2 with a diameter of 80.07 μm in midline, 112.95 hair/cm2 with 73.96 μm at the frontotemporal area, 69.82 hair/cm2 with 72.09 μm at temple peak, and 74.26 hair/cm2 with 72.35 μm at sideburns. The donor hair density was 98.89 to 152.19 hairs/cm2 and hair diameter was 76.80 to 81.11 μm. Aging was shown to affect hair density and diameter at the donor area.

CONCLUSION
All donor sites are suitable for hairline restoration of the midfrontal region except in the neck region. The suitable donor area for the frontotemporal area, temple peak, and sideburns is the nape. Hair density and diameter declined with age at some donor sites.