bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
¿Cómo influye el tamaño del campo de texto en las respuestas a preguntas abiertas? Evidencias de un diseño experimental/The influence of box size on responses to open-ended questions: Results from a split-ballot experiment
Authors: León Carmen María , Aizpurúa Eva , Vázquez David 
Published: November 2018

RESUMENEl diseño visual de los cuestionarios puede afectar a la calidad de los datos obtenidos, especialmente cuando se formulan preguntas abiertas donde los encuestados responden con sus propias palabras. En este trabajo se analizan los efectos de manipular el tamaño del espacio proporcionado para la respuesta en un conjunto de preguntas abiertas incluidas en un cuestionario auto-administrado sobre opiniones hacia la administración de justicia en España. Para ello se recurrió a un experimento split-ballot, dividiendo la muestra (N = 100) en dos mitades equivalentes que recibieron dos cuestionarios con el mismo contenido, pero con diferentes tamaños de campo de respuesta (pequeño y grande) en 16 preguntas abiertas. Los resultados muestran que los participantes que recibieron campos de texto grandes escribieron un mayor número de palabras en sus respuestas. Sin embargo, la manipulación en el campo de texto no influyó en 1) el número de temas abordados; ni en 2) el tiempo empleado para cumplimentar los cuestionarios. Sobre la base ABSTRACTThe visual design of questionnaires can affect the quality of the data obtained, especially when asking open-ended questions that respondents answer in their own words. In this paper, we analyze the effects of manipulating the size of the text boxes provided for answers to a set of open-ended questions in a self-administered questionnaire about opinions of the Criminal Justice system in Spain. For this, a split-ballot experiment was conducted dividing the sample (N = 100) into two equivalent halves. One half received questionnaires with small box sizes for the answers to the 16 open-ended questions while the other half received questionnaires with larger box sizes. The content on the questionnaires was the same. The results showed that those participants who received larger text boxes provided longer answers. However, manipulation of the text box did not influence 1) the number of issues addressed; or 2) response times. The results and their implications for questionnaire design are discussed.
Comparative study of outcome following primary posterior sagittal ano-rectoplasty and primary anterior sagittal ano-rectoplasty for vestibular fistula
Authors: Saoji Rajendra , Nagdeve Nilesh G. 
Published: November 2018

Background: To compare the postoperative complications and bowel function following primary PSARP and primary ASARP.Methods: This prospective study was carried out over a period of 4 years. Patients above 4 months, who needed surgical repair for vestibular fistula were included in study. They were randomly allocated into PSARP group and ASARP group. After surgical intervention, patients of both groups were compared with respect to post-operative complications, voluntary bowel control, constipation, need for laxatives.Results: 44 patients were enrolled in the study. Of these, 22 patients were allocated to primary PSARP group while remaining patients underwent ASARP. One patient from each group was lost to follow‑up and hence, excluded from the final analysis. The two groups were comparable with respect to age, maturity at birth, weight at the time of surgery, blood investigations. Total 16 patients had associated congenital anomalies. During the postoperative period, four patients from PSARP group and two patients from ASARP group had superficial wound infection of perineal incision which was managed conservatively. One patient in PSARP group had a major breakdown of perineal wound with retraction of pulled rectum which required colostomy. There was no recurrence of fistula in any patient. No patient had stenosis of neo-anus or anterior displacement of rectum. Functional assessment of bowel function was done in 25 patients who completed 3 years of age. Voluntary bowel movements were observed in 75% of cases in the ASARP group compared to 38 % in PSARP group. 15% patients of PSARP group and 7.5% patients with ASARP had soiling. Though the difference was not statistically significant, nearly 38% of the patients after PSARP, needed laxative for normal bowel habit compared to 8% patients in ASARP group.Conclusions: ASARP promises many advantages in the treatment of vestibular fistula in comparison to PSARP. Comparable post-operative complications, good cosmetic results, excellent continence with less need for laxatives are the advantages of ASARP.
Estimating the maximal oxygen uptake with new prediction models for college-aged students using feature selection algorithm
Authors: Akay Mehmet Fatih , Ozciloglu Mustafa Mikail , Cetin Ebru , Yarim Imdat , Daneshvar Shahaboddin 
Published: November 2018

Maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) is important to observe the endurance of the athletes and evaluate their performance.. Aim is to develop new prediction models for college-aged students using Support Vector Machine (SVM) with Relief-F feature selection algorithm. Ten different models consisting of the predictor variables gender, age, weight, height, maximal heart rate (HRmax), time, speed, Perceived Functional Ability scores (PFA-1 and PFA-2) and Physical Activity Rating score (PA-R) have been created by Relief-F scores for prediction of VO2max. The prediction modelsâ€™ standard error of estimates (SEEâ€™s) and multiple correlation coefficients (Râ€™s) have been calculated for evaluating their performances. For comparison purposes, Tree Boost (TB) and Radial Basis Function Network (RBFN) based models have also been developed. The results show that the prediction model including PAR, speed, time, weight, PFA-1, gender and HRmax gives the lowest SEE with 6.42 mL.kgâˆ’1.minâˆ’1 and highest R with 0.79. Also, this study shows that the predictor variables HRmax and gender play a considerable role in VO2max prediction.
Keywords: Maximum oxygen uptake, machine learning, feature selection.
Elmada Gölgeleme Örtülerinin Meyve Kalitesine Etkisinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: HEPAKSOY Serra , DAYIOĞLU Ali 
Published: November 2018

Amaç: Fuji elma çeşidinde farklı ışık geçirgenliğine sahip gölgeleme örtülerinin kullanımının meyve kalitesi üzerine etkisinin belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.Materyal ve Metot: Bu çalışmada %10 ve %20 gölgeleme özelliği bulunan gölgeleme örtüleri kullanılmıştır. Kontrol uygulaması olarak, gölgeleme örtüsü bulunmayan açıkta yetiştiricilikyapılmıştır.Bulgular: En düşük ortalama meyve ağırlığı, %20 gölgeleme örtüsü altında yetişen ağaçlardan elde edilmiştir. Meyve eti sertliği açısından uygulamalar arasında önemli bir farklılık Bulunmazken, suda çözünür kuru madde miktarı %10 gölgelemede yetişen ağaçların meyvelerinde daha yüksek olmuştur. En iyi meyve kabuğu rengi ise, kontrol ağaçlarından elde edilmiştir. Araştırmanın en belirgin sonucu olarak meyvelerde meydana gelen güneş yanıklığı oranının azalması üzerine gölgelemenin olumlu etkisinin olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Kontrol ağaçlarının meyvelerinde %30 civarında olan güneş yanıklığının, %20 gölgeleme altında yetişenlerde %2 değerine düştüğü tespit edilmiştir.Sonuç: Denizli ilinde yapılan Fuji elması yetiştiriciliğinde %20 gölgeleme yapılması önerilebilir.
Plug and Abandonment Technology and Efficiency Improvement for Asset Retirement in Gulf of Thailand
Authors: Rodprom Pitsanu , Pochan Chatwit 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
In early 2017, one of the largest oil producer company in Thailand has dedicated a jack up drilling rig to support Well Plug and Abandonment (P&A) operations as part of the company's asset retirement program. With hundreds of Well P&A targeted, Drilling Team in the company has worked with our Business Partners and came up with new ideas and proven technologies such that the drilling rig can successfully execute and deliver high volume of P&A work, Incident Free with World Class Performance.
Introducing new P&A Technology in the Gulf of Thailand – The Abrasive Water Jet Cut, the tool provides ability to cut multiple strings of casing that usually cemented together using high impact jetting force. Company has utilized the tool to cut the Tie-back and Unconventional well (Dual Cemented Wellbore Design) where we could not effectively cut with the conventional mechanical cutter. Another key benefit is the operation can be performed offline under-rig floor which is not on the critical path resulting in rig time saving.
Adding Non-standard Fishing Equipment Portfolio is also another key to company's success. Leveraging organizational capability by adding non-standard fishing tools and services to handle well complication cases supporting Well Factory P&A operations. Introducing new innovation of the tool design increases the overall operational efficiency, such as –Increase possibility of success to set proper permanent barriers in wellbore,–Improve efficiency to verify the plug in the well with leaked surface casing,–Successful trial combination Tools for multiple operation in one run which reduce tripping time. This have impact a lot on time & cost saving to many P&A wells in our operation. Now all tools are in toolbox for utilization.–Streamline fishing service container for service and redress tools on site to minimize offshore rig deck space reducing logistics and wait on equipment time from Shore base.
In conclusion, the company can ensure that they can deliver the Asset Retirement commitment to Kingdom of Thailand and can perform the job safely and efficiency. In 2017, this rig had completed P&A activity exceeding the target well count. P&A technology had been extended the capability to support other P&A operations i.e. Infilled slot recovery and redrill for other drilling rigs.
Practice of Sustained Casing Pressure Removal for JZ Gasfield Production Well Plug and Abandonment in Bohai Bay
Authors: Li Xiaogang , Wang Chao , Wang Yunhai , Li Fuming , Xu Hongfei 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
There are three wells with poor well integrity and high sustained annulus pressure(SAP) in JZ Gasfield. In order to remove the sustained pressure, remediate the poor well integrity and abandon wells in compliance with national regulations, plans, methods and practice taken were discussed in this paper. The occurrence reasons and source of pressure were identified first. And the different remediation and treating programs were made according to evaluation of the popular and good practice around the world. The best killing and cementing method were taken. Casing strings recovered by section mill and bullhead cementing process were chosen as one of the effective plans to solve problems like this.
These three wells with sustained casing pressure were abandoned successfully and effectively. The most complicated well was dicussed in detail. Well abandonment plans for gasfield were made in detail. Abrasive waterjet cutting system were utilized first time. Lessons gained in the well plug and abandonment execution phase can be applied in other regions, especially in Asia Pacific.
A series of practice taken to handle SAP were described in this paper for the first gasfield abandonment and decommission project in China. These experiences shared both in China and other regions around the world, this could offer some help for others to handle situations like this.
Plug and Abandonment Procedures for Onshore Wells and the Utilization of Reserved Abandonment and Site Restoration ASR Funds
Authors: Prasetya Afriandi Eka , Rakhmahwidiati Rakhmahwidiati , Hutabarat Ronald Daniel 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Provide an overview of the procedures for abandoning onshore wells, backgrounds and technical requirements as a reference. Provide an overview of the utilization of reserved abandonment and site restoration funds to finance the abandonment of the wells.
Plugging and abandoning the well is done when it has not more potential on productivity, has a well integrity problem, and is at risk of theft and the environment. Procedures undertaken to obtain approval for the closure of the well. The technical review of abandoning of the well refers to recognized national and international standards. Discuss some possible innovations to obtain more effective way in troubleshooting or to replace some procedures that are not possible to be followed. Reserved ASR funds disbursement procedures to pay for work. Challenges to speed up the process of disbursement of funds.
Following standard procedures requires considerable attention and impacts on costs to be incurred. Disbursing ASR funds that have been reserved to pay for the work is not as easy as the established procedure. Several suggestions for improvements are made to speed work approval and disbursement of funds.
Well abandonment procedures have been standardized, but submission procedures and ASR disbursement submissions are necessary for every operator to know. This paper provides an important guide for operators to submit P&A proposals and fund disbursements.
Well Integrity, Plugging and Abandonment: Abrasive Cutting Applications for Well Severance
Authors: Anderson David 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Upon cessation of production the cost of well abandonment is absorbed as a liability within the oil and gas industry under increasing financial pressure in the current climate. One of the key opportunities when undertaking a well abandonment campaign is identifying new and innovative technology available and adopting it to reduce operating time, project risk and ultimately cost. The final phase of the plugging and abandonment (P&A) is the well severance and conductor removal operation that is traditionally performed using mechanical knives for rig-based campaigns. This involves operating online, deploying on drill pipe and multiple deployments into the well to cut and recover the multi-string casing.
An alternative approach to the traditional mechanical cutting method is the use of water-abrasive cutting technology that uses a high-pressure water and abrasive mixture to sever through the well's multiple casings and conductor below mudline. Abrasive Water Jet (AWJ) cutting technology is used to cut through multi-string casing and conductors from 7″ to 36″ in a single deployment, regardless of the number of casing strings, casing weight or cement presence in the well annuli. The cutting time is between five and eight hours depending on well construction.
The water-abrasive cutting technology can be utilised during rig-based P&A campaigns where the cutting tool can be deployed offline using a standalone deployment system to sever the well below the sea-bed whilst online operations continue with the rig and well services teams, hence providing P&A SIMOPS. By operating offline, the overall rig time per platform is reduced.
The water-abrasive cutting tool also provides the solution for the removal of subsea tie-back and dual bore wells which can't routinely be cut with mechanical knives due to the knives range limitations and the risk of getting ‘stuck in hole’ and the subsequent recovery operation. The non-intrusive water-abrasive method not only provides a solution to the problematic subsea tieback wells and dual bore wells but also removes the cutting operation from the critical path of the rig.
Similarly, the water-abrasive cutting technology can be operated from a vessel or barge rather than the rig. This allows the well severance and removal phase of the P&A process to be removed from the rig's scope and the high cost asset to be off-hired as early as possible. This approach is applicable for surface wells and subsea wells alike and also allows the asset owner to combine the well severance with the platform removal phase.
Deepwater Decommissioning: What O&G Industry Could Learn from the Pioneer Subsea Temporary Well Suspension Project in Mauritania.
Authors: Koong Xin Yi , Mbarek Khalil Mohamed , Liew William Sin , Mustaffa Shahira Emie , Abd Razak M Hairi 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Fifteen (15) subsea wells in Mauritania, consisting of 9 oil producer wells, 5 water injector wells and 1 gas injection well, were temporary suspended in preparation for plug and abandonment at a later phase. This paper describes the overview, challenges faced and lessons learnt captured during the planning and execution of pioneer deepwater decommissioning project, particularly on the subsea temporary well suspension (TWS) campaign in Mauritania.
Lack of wells production history became one of the biggest challenge during the planning for the temporary well suspension and Plug and abandonment (P&A) campaign. The remoteness of the field locations contributed to logistics difficulties. Sourcing of H2S rated equipment and drillpipe riser, integration between Xmas tree and Intervention riser system due to incompatible connector took long lead time. Barrier management was a key consideration during the planning phase for known well integrity issues, and potential lack of barrier establishment that could be encountered during operations. The difference in water depth also impacted on rig selection.
Problems encountered during the execution of the temporary well suspension campaign included H2S, annulus & tubing communication problem, high annulus pressure, non-functioning tubing retrievable surface-controlled safety valve, unexpected waxy sludge in well, blocked perforations, hydrate, brine incompatibility, difficulty in accessing well due to over-trawlable structure and dependency on FPSO for pressure monitoring prior to tree cap removal due to barrier establishment problems. The temporary well suspension campaign was executed with abandonment in mind.
Maximizing Value from Well Abandonment through Shallow Gas Hunting and Integrated Well Surveillance
Authors: Zulkipli Siti Najmi , Shuib Siti Nurzahira , Saw Li Juan , Harun Norhana 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Shutting the aging well for good towards the end of field life requires a lot of operational and technical considerations as well as high cost to ensure project viability and safe operation. Procedures to evaluate competent cap rock layers as natural formation barriers, well plug and abandonment (P&A) design, assurance on well barrier integrity through cement bond logging and best practices in well abandonment will be highlighted through three case studies in this paper.
Data integration starting from the early exploration or development drilling phase, during production and towards the abandonment phase play key roles in the project and will be the ultimate pinnacles in determining cap rock intervals, cement integrity, tubulars condition, potential reservoir communication and plug setting depth in the well. Adding an extensive behind casing acoustic noise, pulsed neutron and cement bond logging campaign and full integrated formation evaluation in the picture will further enhance the feasibility of abandonment project with additional discovery of shallow gas potential to prolong the field economics.
Detail analysis of petrophysical logs, mud log gas reading, well pressure monitoring, shallow gas hazard site survey and acoustic-noise log deliverables have revealed the presence of shallow gas as deep as 300-400 m below the sea bed and few more intervals at deeper or shallower depth. Incorporating all available data to date had resulted in extensive volume of gas-in-place being evaluated, thus driving additional value through potential workover or shallow gas appraisal project prior to abandonment. In addition, operational cost, time and safety will be further optimized through cap rock restoration method and cement recipe upgrading.
In a nutshell, packaging shallow gas potential and possible work-over or appraisal campaign for quick field monetization prior to abandonment will prove to justify the project economics. Changing the game from conventional gas producer to shallow hanging fruits opportunity is worth to be exploited in this case.
Crane-Less, Diver-Less Platform Decommissioning Vessel to Reduce Cost and Enhance Safety and Efficiency
Authors: Choudhary Anuj , Howes-Roberts Morgan 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Conventional methods of offshore platform and infrastructure removal have relied heavily on floating cranes and diver intervention. This has led to high cost, significant number of support vessels in the vicinity of the operation and risks associated with manned diving.
This paper will attempt to show an alternative vision based on innovative technology to:
Enhance safety by using ROVs instead of manned diving and also to reduce the number of vessels employed in any given scenario thus reducing risks associated with SIMOPS. Improve the operational window. Crane vessels normally require good weather, low wave height and swell and low wind speed. The presented alternative has far less weather demands. Reduce time (and thus cost) on site due to the capability of the proposed design. Enhance efficiency as design is suitable for all offshore infrastructure removal including complete topsides, complete jacket or reduced number of jacket lifts, subsea pipeline, pipe and flexibles, mattresses and other subsea infrastructure within vessel lift capability.
A Comparative Study: Rig v/s Rigless Abandonment in Western Indian Offshore
Authors: Mittal Anish , Gupta Utkarsh , Upadhyay Sunil Kumar 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
With most of the major fields in the western off-shore of India being mature, the niche domain of well decommissioning is all set to experience its peak. The recent trends in the decommissioning industry indicate operators around the globe shifting towards fit-for-purpose alternatives to the conventional rig based decommissioning. However, with the day rates of Jack-up rigs slashed down to 35-40% of that of the pre-downturn period, entails us to revisit the strategy regarding the selection of the method for decommissioning. Therefore, this paper presents a framework that encompasses various parameters which serve as a guide to select an optimal method for a platform based well decommissioning.
The paper initializes by detailing the associated parameter ‘Platform Specifications’ comprising of platform's layout (available free space and various Rigless packages’ footprint), load-bearing capacity and material handling capacity of the platform. Following which, the paper contrasts rig based and Rigless Well decommissioning on three critical domains of project management- [1] Operational constraints, [2] Time constraints and [3] Economic constraints, henceforth presenting a synthetic technoeconomic analysis for a platform based well decommissioning project.
Inferring from the synthetic techno-economic analysis, the paper concludes that there are no visible cost benefits of selecting Rigless decommissioning over rig based decommissioning. The time and cost involvement in platform modification (if any) for undergoing Rigless approach, assimilated with the principle of economies of scale (in terms of wells spread over large number of platforms in the field undergoing decommissioning) and the ability to handle known and unknown uncertainties due to limited firsthand experience, further supports the rig based approach for platform-based well decommissioning in the current market.
The paper re-establishes rig based approach as a potential solution for dry tree wells decommissioning and challenges the cost-effectiveness of Rigless solutions for decommissioning available in the market, owing to techno-economic viability and risk optimization in the current market scenario in the western Indian offshore region. Further, with subsequent knowledge sharing from operators having experience in both Rigless and Rig based abandonment on comparable platform layouts and well specifications in the region, the industry will tend to standardize and gain proficiency to develop a sustainable approach to well decommissioning.