bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implicit Social Trust Dan Support Vector Regression Untuk Sistem Rekomendasi Berita
Authors: Ningrum Melita Widya , Wijanarto Wijanarto 
Published: April 2018

Situs berita merupakan salah satu situs yang sering diakses masyarakat karena kemampuannya dalam menyajikan informasi terkini dari berbagai topik seperti olahraga, bisnis, politik, teknologi, kesehatan dan hiburan. Masyarakat dapat mencari dan melihat berita yang sedang populer dari seluruh dunia. Di sisi lain, melimpahnya artikel berita yang tersedia dapat menyulitkan pengguna dalam menemukan artikel berita yang sesuai dengan ketertarikannya. Pemilihan artikel berita yang ditampilkan ke halaman utama pengguna menjadi penting karena dapat meningkatkan minat pengguna untuk membaca artikel berita dari situs tersebut. Selain itu, pemilihan artikel berita yang sesuai dapat meminimalisir terjadinya banjir informasi yang tidak relevan. Dalam pemilihan artikel berita dibutuhkan sistem rekomendasi yang memiliki pengetahuan mengenai ketertarikan atau relevansi pengguna akan topik berita tertentu. Pada penelitian ini, peneliti membuat sistem rekomendasi artikel berita pada New York Times berbasis implicit social trust. Social trust dihasilkan dari interaksi antara pengguna dengan teman-temannya dan bobot kepercayaan teman pengguna pada media sosial Twitter. Data yang diambil merupakan data pengguna Twitter, teman dan jumlah interaksi antar pengguna berupa retweet. Sistem ini memanfaatkan algoritma Support Vector Regression untuk memberikan estimasi penilaian pengguna terhadap suatu topik tertentu. Hasil pengolahan data dengan Support Vector Regression menunjukkan tingkat akurasi dengan MAPE sebesar 0,8243075902233644%. Keywords : Twitter, Rekomendasi Berita, Social Trust, Support Vector Regression
Capitalizing on Multiculturalism: Reading the Success of Canadian Comedian Russell Peters
Authors: Motapanyane Maki 
Published: April 2018

Comedian Russell Peters has risen to the top of the North American comedy industry, selling out shows to audiences across Canada and the U.S., and increasingly, in venues around the world. A self-described Anglo-Indian and native of Brampton, Ontario, Peters is credited with voicing what many of us know but often dare not articulate in the area of culture and identity. His wide appeal across diverse audiences is deduced to his skill in telling “truths” about identity and multicultural diversity in Canada, while shirking the troublesome restrictions of political correctness. This paper highlights the indebtedness of Peters’s winning comedic formula to Canadian multicultural discourse. Three key fables of official multiculturalism are featured in this critical reading of Peters’s work—the aim of which is to foreground the underlying ideological framework that informs the comedian’s approach and wide appeal. I argue that the question of what Canadians are laughing at in Russell Peters’s humour is central to a wider investigation of what his popularity reveals about the popular domain of Canadian public culture. To the extent that Peters’s popularity throws into question national receptivity to the problem of structural inequality, an examination of his wide appeal stands as a necessary point of departure for further assessments of the ideological climate in which Canadian social justice efforts are mobilized.
Iceberg Economies
Authors: Ruiz Rafico 
Published: April 2018

In A Postcapitalist Politics (2006), J.K. Gibson-Graham deploy an image of a floating iceberg to illustrate what we commonly understand by “the economy.” In their reading of the diverse economy framework, the proverbial tip of the iceberg economy is comprised of “wage labor, market exchange of commodities, and capitalist enterprise” (2006: 70). By contrast, its submerged body can include a multiplicity of sites and actors such as producer cooperatives, bartering practices, and gifts. On the northernmost tip of Newfoundland, in the once-thriving fishing port of St. Anthony, icebergs are being harvested for bottling and sale in the global premium water market. At international trade fairs from Dubai to Shanghai, iceberg water is marketed as the purest water on the planet and a resource originating from a time before the dire effects of pollution and mass industrialization. This article traces the various encounters between icebergs and human actors in the geographical region known as “Iceberg Alley,” in order to assess the social, cultural, economic, and political stakes of these “new” natural resources. The article asks, “If Newfoundland’s Iceberg Alley is ‘the economy,’ what lies below its surface?”
Simplifying the use of prognostic information in traumatic brain injury. Part 1: The GCS-Pupils score: an extended index of clinical severity
Authors: Brennan Paul M. , Murray Gordon D. , Teasdale Graham M. 
Published: April 2018

OBJECTIVEGlasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores and pupil responses are key indicators of the severity of traumatic brain damage. The aim of this study was to determine what information would be gained by combining these indicators into a single index and to explore the merits of different ways of achieving this.METHODSInformation about early GCS scores, pupil responses, late outcomes on the Glasgow Outcome Scale, and mortality were obtained at the individual patient level by reviewing data from the CRASH (Corticosteroid Randomisation After Significant Head Injury; n = 9,045) study and the IMPACT (International Mission for Prognosis and Clinical Trials in TBI; n = 6855) database. These data were combined into a pooled data set for the main analysis.Methods of combining the Glasgow Coma Scale and pupil response data varied in complexity from using a simple arithmetic score (GCS score [range 3–15] minus the number of nonreacting pupils [0, 1, or 2]), which we call the GCS-Pupils score (GCS-P; range 1–15), to treating each factor as a separate categorical variable. The content of information about patient outcome in each of these models was evaluated using Nagelkerke’s R2.RESULTSSeparately, the GCS score and pupil response were each related to outcome. Adding information about the pupil response to the GCS score increased the information yield. The performance of the simple GCS-P was similar to the performance of more complex methods of evaluating traumatic brain damage. The relationship between decreases in the GCS-P and deteriorating outcome was seen across the complete range of possible scores. The additional 2 lowest points offered by the GCS-Pupils scale (GCS-P 1 and 2) extended the information about injury severity from a mortality rate of 51% and an unfavorable outcome rate of 70% at GCS score 3 to a mortality rate of 74% and an unfavorable outcome rate of 90% at GCS-P 1. The paradoxical finding that GCS score 4 was associated with a worse outcome than GCS score 3 was not seen when using the GCS-P.CONCLUSIONSA simple arithmetic combination of the GCS score and pupillary response, the GCS-P, extends the information provided about patient outcome to an extent comparable to that obtained using more complex methods. The greater range of injury severities that are identified and the smoothness of the stepwise pattern of outcomes across the range of scores may be useful in evaluating individual patients and identifying patient subgroups. The GCS-P may be a useful platform onto which information about other key prognostic features can be added in a simple format likely to be useful in clinical practice.
Biography, political leadership, and foreign policy reconsidered: the cases of Mussolini and Hitler
Authors: Goeschel Christian 
Published: April 2018

For many historians writing today, person-centred or biographical approaches constitute ‘the shallow end of history’, a field better left to amateur historians. However, since the 1990s, under the influence of cultural history and because of a growing dissatisfaction with structuralist approaches, some historians have become interested in finding alternative approaches towards the genre of political biography, partly inspired by the ‘new cultural history’ of the 1980s that prompted a return to the individual as a site for micro-history.
In this article, I explore from my perspective as a historian of modern Europe what can or cannot be gained from the study of foreign policy through a strong emphasis of leaders’ biographies, an approach which political scientists and IR specialists such as Jack S. Levy have recently advocated. I shall focus on two of the most significant statesmen of the twentieth century, Benito Mussolini and Adolf Hitler, leaders of the world’s first fascist dictatorships and allies during the Second World War. According to Fascist and Nazi propaganda, Mussolini and Hitler were charismatic leaders exclusively in charge of their countries and above all of foreign policy. The powerful propaganda image of the dictator in total control makes Mussolini and Hitler an ideal case study to rethink the biographical approach towards foreign policy analysis and to ask if and how a biographical approach can shed light on foreign policy more generally. In this way, the article goes some way towards provoking a fruitful dialogue between IR and History.
Effects of Walkbot gait training on kinematics, kinetics, and clinical gait function in paraplegia and quadriplegia
Authors: Hwang Jongseok , Shin Yongil , Park Ji-ho , Cha Young Joo , You Joshua (Sung) H. 
Published: April 2018

BACKGROUND: The robotic-assisted gait training (RAGT) system has gained recognition as an innovative, effective paradigm to improve functional ambulation and activities of daily living in spinal cord injury and stroke. However, the effects of the Walkbot robotic-assisted gait training system with a specialized hip-knee-ankle actuator have never been examined in the paraplegia and quadriplegia population. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the long-term effects of Walkbot training on clinical for hips and knee stiffness in individuals with paraplegia or quadriplegia. METHODS: Nine adults with subacute or chronic paraplegia resulting from spinal cord injury or quadriplegia resulting from cerebral vascular accident (CVA) and/or hypoxia underwent progressive conventional gait retraining combined with the Walkbot RAGT for 5 days/week over an average of 43 sessions for 8 weeks. Clinical outcomes were measured with the Functional Ambulation Category (FAC), Modified Rankin Scale (MRS), Korean version of the Modified Barthel Index (K-MBI), Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS). Kinetic and kinematic data were collected via a built-in Walkbot program. RESULTS: Wilcoxon signed-rank tests showed significant positive intervention effects on K-MBI, maximal hip flexion and extension, maximal knee flexion, active torque in the knee joint, resistive torque, and stiffness in the hip joint ( P <  0.05). These findings suggest that the Walkbot RAGT was effective for improving knee and hip kinematics and the active knee joint moment while decreasing hip resistive force. These improvements were associated with functional recovery in gait, balance, mobility and daily activities. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that the Walkbot RAGT was effective for improving knee and hip kinematics and the active knee joint moment while decreasing hip resistive force. This is the first clinical evidence for intensive, long-term effects of the Walkbot RAGT on active or resistive moments and stiffness associated with spasticity and functional mobility in individuals with subacute or chronic paraplegia or quadriplegia who had reached a plateau in motor recovery after conventional therapy.
The cardiac autonomic nervous system response to different daily demands among patients at the sub-acute phase post ischemic stroke and healthy controls
Authors: Raphaely Beer Noa , Soroker Nachum , Bornstein Nathan M. , Katz-Leurer Michal 
Published: April 2018

BACKGROUND: Autonomic disturbances are a common phenomenon in patients’ post-stroke, characterized by hypo function of the para-sympathetic and/or overactive sympathetic system. The impact of autonomic disturbances on physical therapy tasks during the rehabilitation period has not yet been assessed. OBJECTIVE: To describe the response of the cardiac autonomic nervous system during different tasks, among patients and age-matched healthy controls. METHODS: Nineteen patients in the subacute phase post first-ever ischemic stroke, and 16 controls. The Polar advanced heart rate monitor (RS800CX) was used to record RR intervals at rest, during paced breathing exercise, while performing different types of muscle contractions, and during single and dual task conditions. RESULTS: RR intervals and heart-rate variability (HRV) parameters were significantly lower among patients post stroke, both at rest and during most of the activities tested. Among the control group a significant autonomic adaptation was seen in the form of reduced RR intervals and HRV during muscle contraction and a significant increase in these parameters during slow breathing, no significant changes were observed among patients post stroke. CONCLUSION: Patients post-stroke experience hyper sympathetic function at rest and less adaptive cardiac autonomic control during different activities, which all may have an impact on rehabilitation outcomes.
Are functional mobility tests responsive to group physical therapy intervention in individuals with Parkinson’s disease?
Authors: Spagnuolo Gessyca , Faria Christina D.C.M. , da Silva Bruna Adriana , Ovando Angélica Cristiane , Gomes-Osman Joyce , Swarowsky Alessandra 
Published: April 2018

BACKGROUND: The Timed up and go test (TUG), the Five times sit-to-stand test (FTSTS) and the Bed Mobility test (BMT) are widely used in clinical practice for Parkinson Disease (PD). However, no reported studies have evaluated the responsiveness to group physical therapy intervention (GPTI). OBJECTIVE: To verify if TUG, FTSTS and BMT were responsive to GPTI. METHODS: Thirty individuals with PD were assessed prior to and after an 8-week evidence-based GPTI. Paired t test was used to determine statistically significant change pre-and post-intervention. Internal responsiveness (IR) was classified with the standardized response mean (SRM). A 5-point Likert scale assessed self-perceived performance by the subjects after the intervention. Analysis of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to determine the accuracy and cut-off scores for identifying participants who had shown improvement. RESULTS: GPTI was efficient in improving real ( p≤0.001) and self-perceived mobility performance in all measures. All tests were responsive to changes: the IR varied from medium to high (SRM = 0.7–1.5); the cut-off point for TUG test was >2.2 s, for FTSTS test was >2.5 s and for BM test >1.4 s. CONCLUSIONS: The TUG, FTSTS and BMT were responsive to the GPTI and accurately detected meaningful clinical changes. Our results provide an important information about the clinical application of these tests in PD individuals.
WDEC: A Code for Modeling White Dwarf Structure and Pulsations
Authors: Bischoff-Kim Agnès , Montgomery Michael H. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
The White Dwarf Evolution Code (WDEC), written in Fortran, makes models of white dwarf stars. It is fast, versatile, and includes the latest physics. The code evolves hot (∼100,000 K) input models down to a chosen effective temperature by relaxing the models to be solutions of the equations of stellar structure. The code can also be used to obtain g-mode oscillation modes for the models. WDEC has a long history going back to the late 1960s. Over the years, it has been updated and re-packaged for modern computer architectures and has specifically been used in computationally intensive asteroseismic fitting. Generations of white dwarf astronomers and dozens of publications have made use of the WDEC, although the last true instrument paper is the original one, published in 1975. This paper discusses the history of the code, necessary to understand why it works the way it does, details the physics and features in the code today, and points the reader to where to find the code and a user guide.
Excitation Mechanism of O i Lines in Herbig Ae/Be Stars
Authors: Mathew Blesson , Manoj P. , Narang Mayank , Banerjee D. P. K. , Nayak Pratheeksha , Muneer S. , Vig S. , Pramod Kumar S. , Paul K. T. , Maheswar G. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
We have investigated the role of a few prominent excitation mechanisms viz. collisional excitation, recombination, continuum fluorescence, and Lyman beta fluorescence on the O i line spectra in Herbig Ae/Be stars. The aim is to understand which of them is the central mechanism that explains the observed O i line strengths. The study is based on an analysis of the observed optical spectra of 62 Herbig Ae/Be stars and near-infrared spectra of 17 Herbig Ae/Be stars. The strong correlation observed between the line fluxes of O i λ8446 and O i λ11287, as well as a high positive correlation between the line strengths of O i λ8446 and Hα suggest that Lyman beta fluorescence is the dominant excitation mechanism for the formation of O i emission lines in Herbig Ae/Be stars. Furthermore, from an analysis of the emission line fluxes of O i λλ7774, 8446, and comparing the line ratios with those predicted by theoretical models, we assessed the contribution of collisional excitation in the formation of O i emission lines.
Primordial Plasma Fluctuations. I. Magnetization of the Early Universe by Dark Aperiodic Fluctuations in the Past Myon and Prior Electron–Positron Annihilation Epoch
Authors: Schlickeiser R. , Kolberg U. , Yoon P. H. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
During the past myon and prior electron annihilation epoch of the early universe the electron–positron pair number density was very high as the pairs were in thermal equilibrium with the intense superluminal photons at temperatures k

B

T > 1

MeV. With classical plasma fluctuation theory, it is shown that these pairs generate random electric and magnetic fields in the form of collective damped aperiodic fluctuations with very high tera-Gauss strengths on spatial scales greater than

cm with a 100% volume filling factor. The associated field decay with time by damping is compensated by their perpetually re-excitation due to the spontaneous emission by the pairs to maintain a lasting fluctuation level.
Photospheric Observations of Surface and Body Modes in Solar Magnetic Pores
Authors: Keys Peter H. , Morton Richard J. , Jess David B. , Verth Gary , Grant Samuel D. T. , Mathioudakis Mihalis , Mackay Duncan H. , Doyle John G. , Christian Damian J. , Keenan Francis P. , Erdélyi Robertus 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Over the past number of years, great strides have been made in identifying the various low-order magnetohydrodynamic wave modes observable in a number of magnetic structures found within the solar atmosphere. However, one aspect of these modes that has remained elusive, until now, is their designation as either surface or body modes. This property has significant implications for how these modes transfer energy from the waveguide to the surrounding plasma. Here, for the first time to our knowledge, we present conclusive, direct evidence of these wave characteristics in numerous pores that were observed to support sausage modes. As well as outlining methods to detect these modes in observations, we make estimates of the energies associated with each mode. We find surface modes more frequently in the data, as well as that surface modes appear to carry more energy than those displaying signatures of body modes. We find frequencies in the range of ∼2–12 mHz, with body modes as high as 11 mHz, but we do not find surface modes above 10 mHz. It is expected that the techniques we have applied will help researchers search for surface and body signatures in other modes and in differing structures from those presented here.
Interferometric Imaging Directly with Closure Phases and Closure Amplitudes
Authors: Chael Andrew A. , Johnson Michael D. , Bouman Katherine L. , Blackburn Lindy L. , Akiyama Kazunori , Narayan Ramesh 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Interferometric imaging now achieves angular resolutions as fine as ∼10 μas, probing scales that are inaccessible to single telescopes. Traditional synthesis imaging methods require calibrated visibilities; however, interferometric calibration is challenging, especially at high frequencies. Nevertheless, most studies present only a single image of their data after a process of “self-calibration,” an iterative procedure where the initial image and calibration assumptions can significantly influence the final image. We present a method for efficient interferometric imaging directly using only closure amplitudes and closure phases, which are immune to station-based calibration errors. Closure-only imaging provides results that are as noncommittal as possible and allows for reconstructing an image independently from separate amplitude and phase self-calibration. While closure-only imaging eliminates some image information (e.g., the total image flux density and the image centroid), this information can be recovered through a small number of additional constraints. We demonstrate that closure-only imaging can produce high-fidelity results, even for sparse arrays such as the Event Horizon Telescope, and that the resulting images are independent of the level of systematic amplitude error. We apply closure imaging to VLBA and ALMA data and show that it is capable of matching or exceeding the performance of traditional self-calibration and CLEAN for these data sets.
The Dramatic Size and Kinematic Evolution of Massive Early-type Galaxies
Authors: Lapi A. , Pantoni L. , Zanisi L. , Shi J. , Mancuso C. , Massardi M. , Shankar F. , Bressan A. , Danese L. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
We aim to provide a holistic view on the typical size and kinematic evolution of massive early-type galaxies (ETGs) that encompasses their high-z star-forming progenitors, their high-z quiescent counterparts, and their configurations in the local Universe. Our investigation covers the main processes playing a relevant role in the cosmic evolution of ETGs. Specifically, their early fast evolution comprises biased collapse of the low angular momentum gaseous baryons located in the inner regions of the host dark matter halo; cooling, fragmentation, and infall of the gas down to the radius set by the centrifugal barrier; further rapid compaction via clump/gas migration toward the galaxy center, where strong heavily dust-enshrouded star formation takes place and most of the stellar mass is accumulated; and ejection of substantial gas amount from the inner regions by feedback processes, which causes a dramatic puffing-up of the stellar component. In the late slow evolution, passive aging of stellar populations and mass additions by dry merger events occur. We describe these processes relying on prescriptions inspired by basic physical arguments and by numerical simulations to derive new analytical estimates of the relevant sizes, timescales, and kinematic properties for individual galaxies along their evolution. Then we obtain quantitative results as a function of galaxy mass and redshift, and compare them to recent observational constraints on half-light size R

e
, on the ratio v/σ between rotation velocity and velocity dispersion (for gas and stars) and on the specific angular momentum j
⋆ of the stellar component; we find good consistency with the available multiband data in average values and dispersion, both for local ETGs and for their z ∼ 1–2 star-forming and quiescent progenitors. The outcomes of our analysis can provide hints to gauge sub-grid recipes implemented in simulations, to tune numerical experiments focused on specific processes, and to plan future multiband, high-resolution observations on high-redshift star-forming and quiescent galaxies with next-generation facilities.