bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Judicial Accoutability - International Standards and Experiences of some Countries in the Wolrd
Authors: Toan Trinh Quoc , Tuan Dang Minh 
Published: March 2019

Judicial accountability is a matter of great concern in the international, regional and national community, as judicial accountability assures accountability for serious judicial misconduct, such as crimes, corruption and human rights violations. Judicial accountability, however, is understood and implemented through a variety of mechanisms and forms in different countries. One of the contentious and controversial issues is how to put judicial accountability in relation to another core principle of the judiciairy - judicial independence. In this way, the international community and some regions have made efforts to develop a number of standards and recommendations on the mechanisms and forms of judicial accountability.
Keywords:
Judicial accountability is a matter of great concern in the international, regional and national community, as judicial accountability assures accountability for serious judicial misconduct, such as crimes, corruption and human rights violations. Judicial accountability, however, is understood and implemented through a variety of mechanisms and forms in different countries. One of the contentious and controversial issues is how to put judicial accountability in relation to another core principle of the judiciairy - judicial independence. In this way, the international community and some regions have made efforts to develop a number of standards and recommendations on the mechanisms and forms of judicial accountability.
Keywords: Judicial accountability, judicial, court, judge, international law, countries.
Overview of some Anti-corruption Theories and Approaches
Authors: Giao Vu Cong , Huyen Do Thu 
Published: March 2019

Corruption is a problem that every nation has to face. Therefore, studying the theories, models and approaches to combating corruption in the world is very necessary, so that we can absorb and apply good practices in many countries to the context of our country.
This article addresses and analyzes some of the theories and approaches to combating corruption in the world that, according to the authors, can refer to three main areas: law, economics and sociology. The scope, exent and analytical perspective of theories and approaches may be more or less different. There are some which have focused on the characteristics of corruption in order to clearly identify the phenomenon while others focus primarily on understanding the corrupt environment in order to identify the solutions to remove factors that nourish corruption.
Although these theories and approaches mentioned in this article are very useful, the application of these depends on the country context. In adition, over time, the tricks of the corrupt become more and more sophisticated, as such these theories and approaches should also be adjusted to fit the practice
LARGE SOLITARY LUTEINIZED FOLLICULAR CYST OF PREGNANCY AND PUERPERIUM IN RUPTURED ECTOPIC PREGNANCY MANAGED LAPAROSCOPICALLY
Authors: Bindra Vimee , Taraporewalla Frsha Nozer , Agrawal Neha , Kulkarni Aditya D 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Background: Ovarian cysts in pregnancy are encountered in approximately 1 in 100 cases. Of these, most are benign. One such non-neoplastic lesion is Large Solitary Luteinized Follicular Cyst of Pregnancy and Puerperium (LSLFCPP). They are a rare lesion with unknown pathogenesis. They grow rapidly to very large sizes, causing symptoms. They are hormonally inactive. Maternal and fetal outcome is usually unaffected.
Objective: we present a case of a Large Solitary Luteinized Follicular Cyst of Pregnancy and Puerperium encountered incidentally during the management of ruptured ectopic pregnancy. A 25 year old G2A1 with 7 weeks 3 days gestational age by dates presented to the emergency department with the chief complaints of sudden onset of pain in the lower abdomen accompanied by nausea and giddiness since 12 hours. What sets our case apart from rest in literature is it’s diagnosis very early in pregnancy. Also, it is, to our knowledge, the only case reported in literature, in an ectopic pregnancy.
Conclusion: LSLFCPPis a rare, yet important entity to be kept in mind when evaluating patients with large ovarian cysts in pregnancy. Comprehensive management is the need of the hour, in order to ensure ideal maternal and fetal wellbeing.
A View of German-Polish Cross-Border Cooperation: an Experience from the 2007– 2013 INTERREG Programme
Authors: Martín-Uceda Javier , Jańczak Jarosław 
Published: March 2019

The aim of this article is to understand the nature and dynamism of cross-border cooperation in Europe by taking cross-border projects of INTERREG program implemented in the period 2007–2013 as examples and the concepts of (a)symmetry and potential differences as a conceptual framework. The case of the German-Polish border has been chosen and the authors attempt to further the already existing analysis by indicating additional analytical levels and interpreting findings with the help of the concept of asymmetry. INTERREG projects provide a great source of data to help analyse the cooperation processes established within the Schengen Area. The findings of this investigation reflect well the differences between the two countries in many aspects, especially the leading partners in projects (Germans lead more than Poles), as well as the fact that the German actors are more active in general, when at the same time urban and more dynamic areas are more able to take part in projects.
The walls in the global village
Authors: Jankowski Bartosz , Zenderowski Radosław 
Published: March 2019

The paper refers to the subject of rapid growth of the number and length of border walls understood sensu largo as all kinds of engineering and military constructions performing the functions of political screens protecting and strengthening the border. The authors attempt to answer the following questions: 1. Where and who is currently building border walls? 2. Why are decisions to build border walls made? 3. Do border walls meet the expectations of the decision-makers?
Noosphere Man in the Library of Future
Authors: Sokolov Arkadiy V. 
Published: March 2019

Noosphere is understood as the sphere of living reason conditioned by the cosmic evolution of humanity. Noosphere man is the creator and inhabitant of the noosphere. The future of Russian libra ries is predetermined by civilization transformations; therefore, the noospheric man becomes an actual subject of library thought, in particular, the subject of this article. Interpreting this object is possible in two aspects: first, as a user (reader) of library of the future; secondly, as a library worker — professional in librarianship. The article considers three scenarios of formation of noosphere: technological singularity, transhumanist immortalism and panorama of the future of Russia. The author opposes two models of the man of future: technocratic and humanistic. The choice is made in favor of humanistic model of the noosphere man, as it can provide techno-humanitarian balance in post-industrial civilization. The article discusses the possibilities of cultivation of noosphere person and the role of libraries in this pedagogical process. The author emphasizes the need of the advanced education in library-information school.In conclusion, there are presented the alternatives of future development of humanity. In the first half of the 21st century, due to objective and subjective reasons, the humanity faces the choice: technocratic way of development — continuation of spontaneous increase of technological power, ultimately leading to the necrosphere, or humanistic way — cultivation of noosphere man, the creator and inhabitant of steadily developing noosphere. Ascent to the noosphere (the sphere of mind) is possible only under the condition of growing generation of people of noosphere formation. There is no pedagogically grounded model of noosphere person, but it is obvious that the basis for the formation of such model should be the cultural heritage of humankind. Library science, pedagogy and library profession as a whole face the important and responsible task — to ensure the use of diverse library resources for humanistic noospheric transformations of modern society. The national safety of Russia depends on the successful implementation of this task.
Визначення оптимальної тривалості проведення неоад’ювантної таргетної терапії хворим з локалізованим нирково-клітинним раком
Authors: Voylenko O. A. , Pikul M. V. , Stakhovskiy O. E. , Kononenko O. A. , Semko S. L. , Vitruk Yu. V. , Stakhovskiy E. O. 
Published: March 2019

Мета. Визначити оптимальну тривалість проведення неоад’ювантної таргетної терапії (ТТ) в лікуванні хворих з локалізованим нирково-клітинним раком (НКР).
Матеріали і методи. До рандомізованого проспективного дослідження включено 24 пацієнти з локалізованим світлоклітинним НКР (Т1а-2bN0M0), яких розподілено на дві групи: 1-ша група - 12 пацієнтів, яким проведено два блоки неоад’ювантної ТТ (пазопаніб 800 мг щоденно перорально протягом 28 днів); 2-га група - 12 пацієнтів, яким проведено чотири блоки неоад’ювантної ТТ.
Результати. Стабілізацію (шкала RECIST 1.1) констатували у 9 (75%) пацієнтів 1-ї групи та у 8 (67%) - 2-ї групи, часткову відповідь - у 3 (25%) та 4 (33%) пацієнтів відповідно (χ2= 0,2; р = 0,65). Медіани показника регресії пухлини в 1-й та 2-й групах були порівнянні: 18 [2; 27] і 17 [2; 34]% відповідно. Значущої різниці між частотою побічних проявів за шкалою CTC AE ступенів 1 - 4, виконання нефректомії, інтра- та післяопераційних ускладнень та тривалістю госпіталізації в порівнюваних групах не виявлено (р > 0,05).
Висновки. Оптимальною тривалістю проведення неоад’ювантної ТТ хворим з локалізованим НКР є використання двох блоків. Більша тривалість неоад’ювантної ТТ призводить до збільшення вартості лікування без подальшої регресії НКР, що не впливає на вибір тактики хірургічного втручання.
Türkiye’de Doğrudan Yabancı Sermaye Yatırımlarının Gelişimi ve Ekonomik Büyümeye Etkisinin Ekonometrik Analizi (1985-2017)
Authors: BALKANLI Ali Osman 
Published: March 2019

Türkiye, geçmişten gelen mirasın sonucu olarak sermaye ve girişim
yetersizliğini uzun süre yaşamış bir ekonomidir. Bu durum nedeniyle ülkede
yatırımların artırılabilmesi noktasında yabancı sermaye ve dolayısıyla doğrudan
yabancı sermaye yatırımları büyük öneme sahip olmuştur. Dolayısıyla da, bu
önemlilik nedeniyle yabancı sermayenin ve doğrudan yabancı sermaye
yatırımlarının teşvik edilmesi tüm dönemlerde geçerli bir uygulama olmuştur.
Ancak tüm dönemlerde yabancı sermayeye ve doğrudan yabancı sermaye yatırımına
olumlu bakılmakla birlikte, Türkiye’ye dönük yabancı sermaye girişlerinin ve de
özellikle doğrudan yabancı sermaye yatırımlarının dikkat çekici artışı ancak
1980 sonrasında olmuştur. Bu makalenin konusu, 1980’li yıllardan günümüze
dek geçen sürede doğrudan yabancı
sermaye yatırımlarının Türkiye’de gelişimi ve bu süreçte doğrudan yabancı
sermaye yatırımların ekonomik büyüme üzerine etkisinin incelenmesidir. Bu
bağlamda doğrudan yabancı sermaye yatırımları ve ekonomik büyüme ilişkisini
test edebilmek için eşbütünleşme ve
durağanlık testleri yapılmıştır. Ekonometrik araştırmadan elde edilen sonuca
göre, Türkiye’de doğrudan yabancı sermaye yatırımlarının uzun dönemde ekonomik büyüme üzerinde olumlu bir etkiye
sahip olduğu görülmüştür.
Peran Pemerintah Daerah dalam Mendorong Potensi Indikasi Geografis (Studi pada Provinsi Kepulauan Riau)
Authors: Lukito Imam 
Published: March 2019

Provinsi Kepulauan Riau merupakan salah satu daerah yang belum memiliki produk indikasi geografis terdaftar. Keanekaragaman alam Indonesia memberikan kekayaan produk indikasi geografis, oleh karena itu pemerintah perlu mengambil kebijakan untuk memetakan produk-produk yang berpotensi indikasi geografis. Penelitian ini menganalisa permasalahan terkait peran Pemerintah Daerah Kepulauan Riau dalam mendorong potensi indikasi geografis dan kendala dalam pendaftaran indikasi geografis di Kepulauan Riau. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, bersifat deskriptif analisis. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa: pertama, peran pemerintah daerah di Kepulauan Riau sejauh ini masih terbatas pada menginventarisir dan menyampaikan data-data produk yang memiliki potensi untuk didaftarkan kepada Kantor Wilayah Kementerian Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia Kepulauan Riau, namun belum ada tindak lanjut untuk melakukan penelitian untuk membuat buku persyaratan; dan kedua, kendala dalam pendaftaran indikasi geografis adalah ketidaktahuan manfaat yang diperoleh dari indikasi geografis, kurangnya kesadaran dan ketidakpahaman akan kewajiban membangun indikasi geografis serta faktor alam seperti daerah pertambangan yang berimbas pada hasil pertanian dan perkebunan serta dominasi wilayah perairan dan laut yang menyebabkan tingkat kesulitan dalam mengukur batas wilayah laut dan iklim di bawah perairan laut sebagai variabel yang dideskripsikan dalam buku persyaratan.
Physico-Chemical and Biological Properties of Biosimilar and Reference Tissue Plasminogen Activator Products
Authors: Gusarova V. D. , Pantyushenko M. S. , Simonov V. M. , Shukurov R. R. , Khamitov R. A. , Vishnevskiy A. Yu. 
Published: March 2019

Recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (international nonproprietary name — alteplase) which was developed by «GENERIUM» (Russia) and received a marketing authorisation in Russia is completely analogous to Actilyse® which is used to treat medical conditions accompanied by thrombosis, such as acute myocardial infarction, pulmonary embolism, and ischemic stroke. The aim of the study was to carry out a comprehensive comparison of physico-chemical and biological properties of Revelyse® and the reference product Actilyse® in order to assess their biosimilarity. Materials and Methods: comparative peptide mapping and determination of comparability of chromatographic profiles of tryptic hydrolysates was performed using RP-HPLC and massspectrometry; the molecular weight distribution was determined by mass-spectrometry and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (Laemmli method). The purity and homogeneity of products as well as the content of related impurities (oligomers and fragments) were determined using gel filtration; N-glycosylation profile was analysed by hydrophilic HPLC, total sialic acid was quantified by the Svennerholm resorcinol method. Protein binding to fibrin and human fibrinogen was assessed by surface plasmon resonance, and the specific activity was compared by fibrin clot lysis. Results: the research demonstrated a complete overlap of the products’ peptide maps, which indicates the identity of аlteplase amino acid sequences in the two medicines being compared. The authors of the study also determined the molecular weight and the content of the intact single-stranded form of the protein, and quantified post-translational modifications, the content of sialic acids and neutral sugars. The analysis of the N-glycosylation profile revealed insignificant differences in the percentage of multiantenna complex glycans. The specificity of alteplase was evaluated by analysing the formation of protein complexes with natural alteplase ligands – fibrin and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, but no significant differences were found. The comparison of specific activation of plasminogen fibrinolytic activity was performed based on the results of the assay analysing the fibrin clot lysis rate, and it demonstrated comparability of Revelyse® and Actilyse®. Conclusions: comparative experimental studies have shown no differences in the structure, charge distribution heterogeneity, impurities content, and specific activity of alteplase as a component of Revelyse® and the reference product Actilyse®, which leads to the conclusion that they are similar in terms of physicochemical and biological properties.
Single dose versus multiple dose antibiotics in laparoscopic cholecystectomy: A prospective comparative single blind study
Authors: Koirala Ashok , Thakur Dipendra , Agrawal Sunit , Chaudhary Bhuwan Lal 
Published: March 2019

Introduction: There is a controversy on single dose or multiple doses of prophylactic antibiotics for prevention of surgical site infection during laparoscopic cholecystectomy in a developing country setting. The objective of this study was to compare single versus multiple doses of prophylactic antibiotics in terms of surgical site infection in laparoscopic cholecystectomy patients.
Methods: This was a prospective, comparative, randomized study was conducted in a medical college hospital. Two hundred consecutive patients with symptomatic cholelithiasis planned for routine laparoscopic cholecystectomy were enrolled in the study. Patients were randomly divided in a Single dose (SD) group and multiple dose (MD) group. SD group were given injection ceftriaxone (1gm) before induction of anesthesia and MD group received ceftriaxone (1gm) before induction of anesthesia and continued a total of 3 doses postoperatively for next 24 hours.
Results: A total of 200 patients were studied, of which 100 were in single dose (SD group) and another 100 in multiple dose (MD group). The mean age of patients with symptomatic cholelithiasis was 41.76 ± 13.38 years with minimum of 16 years and maximum of 73 years. Of the total patients, 4 patients in single dose (SD) group and 3 patients in multiple dose (MD) group developed surgical site infection of various severity which was not statistically significant. (p=0.500).
Conclusion: There is no difference in terms of surgical site infection in patients taking either single or multiple doses of antibiotics in laparoscopic cholecystectomy in a medical college setting in Nepal.
Effects of double-ageing on the mechanical properties and microstructural evolution in the 1460 alloy
Authors: Ma Juan , Yan Desheng , Rong Lijian , Li Yiyi 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe effects of different double ageing processes on the mechanical properties and microstructural evolution in the 1460 alloy were investigated. The corresponding microstructure and mechanical properties of the heat-treated specimens were studied by means of transmission electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, hardness testing and tensile testing. The results show that the elongation of two-step aged (130 °C/84 h + 160 °C/24 h) samples can be increased to 8 % with a minor decrease in tensile strength (450 MPa). Throughout the two-step ageing process, the precipitation behaviour of the alloy exhibited the following characteristics: the δ′ phase formed at lower temperature dissolved into the matrix instead of coarsening and becoming over-aged at the beginning of the second ageing step; finely distributed θ′(Al2Cu) and δ′(Al3Li) at a steady state were obtained, resulting in a significant improvement in tensile strength; and the peak ductility occurred with the precipitation of T1(Al2CuLi) and consumption of δ′(Al3Li), as small δ′ particles caused a co-planar slip, resulting in lower ductility.
Thermodynamic investigations in the Al–Fe system: Thermodynamic modeling using CALPHAD
Authors: Rank Maximilian , Franke Peter , Seifert Hans Jürgen 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe Al–Fe system has been modeled and optimized with the CALPHAD approach. Heat capacity values from three intermetallic phases (stoichiometric compositions: Al2Fe, Al5Fe2 and Al13Fe4) were experimentally determined and implemented into the Gibbs energy descriptions, thus the estimated heat capacity from Neumann–Kopp is substituted. From these results together with new literature values, a revised dataset of the binary Al–Fe system is presented. Based on the Compound Energy Formalism, the homogeneity range of the Al2Fe and Al5Fe2 phase is represented using a two-sublattice model. In addition, the Al8Fe5 phase has been modeled with a four-sublattice model and the number of sublattices of the Al13Fe4 phase has been changed from a three-sublattice model to a two-sublattice model. The critically assessed parameters provide a consistent thermodynamic dataset and represent most of the relevant thermochemical data as well as phase diagram data within their experimental uncertainties.
Increasing cold workability of Ti-6Al-4V alloy via thermo-mechanical processing: simulation and experiment
Authors: Ahmadian Peyman , Morakabati Maryam , Abbasi Seyed Mehdi 
Published: March 2019

AbstractRolling temperature is thought to have a significant effect on the cold workability of Ti-6Al-4V alloy. To investigate the extent of this effect, four Ti-6Al-4V strips were hot rolled at different rolling temperatures in the range of 650–950 °C while other process parameters were invariant. The specimens revealed an increase in work hardening capacity with increase in rolling temperature, based on tensile and plane strain compression testing. After 10 % cold rolling, the same annealed samples exhibited propagation of edge cracks in specimens that had been hot rolled at 650, 750 and 850 °C while no cold rolling defect was found in the specimen hot rolled at 950 °C. The results of finite element method reveal that during cold rolling, the von Mises stress field is decreased as a result of increasing previous hot rolling temperature. In accordance with X-ray diffraction results, increasing previous hot rolling temperature is associated with lower lattice strain storage during subsequent cold rolling.
Modelling Afghanistanâ€™s Average Monthly Temperature from 1901 to 2015
Authors: Ismail Emal , Boudjella Aissa 
Published: March 2019

The purpose of this investigation is to examine the variation of temperature in Afghanistan over the past 114 years. The historical dataset of the monthly average temperature from 1901 to 2015 were analyzed. The relationship between temperature and time during the four time intervals, i.e. (1901 -1930), (1931-1960), (1961-1990) and (1991-2015) is presented using a new analytical model based on the last â€“square method of estimation. We accurately fit a polynomial regression trend of degree 4 to the time series to describe the temperature variation. The results show the average difference of temperature between 2015 and 1901 increases about 1.03 Â°C. The average monthly difference between the maximum and minimum temperature was approximately 3.66 Â°C and the average monthly difference between the maximum and minimum temperature during these periods is approximately about 1.31 Â°C. This approach of modeling temperature using regression form significantly simplifies the data analysis. The information from data, namely the variation of the temperature, maybe be obtained from the extracted parameters such as slope, y-intercept, and the coefficients of polynomial function that are a function of time. More importantly, the parameters that describe the time variation temperature trends over 115 years obtained with a high R-squared do not vary significantly. This is in agreement with the Earthâ€™s average temperature that has climbed to more 1 Â°C The evaluation of Afghanistanâ€™s past climate data can be extremely important for understanding how climate has varied along with their possible predictable outcomes that come with increasing drought risk due to gradual increase of temperature. These results may be useful for environmental policy makers in comprehension of climate change in Afghanistan. The results can help develop appropriate strategies for the environment, and regulate resource use or pollution reduction to promote human welfare and/or nature protection.