bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Die Menschenwürde muss unangetastet bleiben
Authors: Kastner Peter 
Published: November 2024

Was ist zu diesem Thema bereits bekannt? Seit zwölf Jahren überprüft die Volksanwaltschaft in Österreich Orte einer Freiheitsentziehung. Sie wendet sich dabei den Lebens- und Aufenthaltsbedingungen der dort angehaltenen Menschen ebenso wie dem Arbeitsumfeld der Mitarbeiter_innen zu. Wie wird eine neue Perspektive eingebracht? Ihre Beurteilung treffen die Expert_innen nicht nur anhand nationaler Rechtsgrundlagen. Vielfach stützen sie ihre Anregungen und Verbesserungsvorschläge auf internationale Standards und Regelwerke. Was sind die Auswirkungen für die Praxis? Die Besuche dienen dem Schutz und der Förderung der Menschenrechte. Sie haben eine präventive Wirkung. Empfehlungen der Volksanwaltschaft zielen darauf ab, dass es zu keiner Verletzung von Menschenrechten kommt.
Dokumentation der psychiatrischen Intensivbetreuung
Authors: Degen Anne , Keip Franziska , Sahm Daniel , Brachtendorf Yvonne , Nienaber André 
Published: November 2024

Was ist zu diesem Thema bereits bekannt? In der psychiatrischen Akutversorgung gehört die intensive Begleitung von Patient_innen in akuten Krisen und mit selbst- oder fremdgefährdendem Verhalten zu den täglichen Aufgaben. Diese spezialisierte psychiatrisch-pflegerische Intensivbetreuung erfordert von den Pflegenden spezifische Kompetenzen. Es handelt sich um eine fachlich anspruchsvolle und komplexe Aufgabe, die als therapeutische Maßnahme darauf abzielt, Patient_innen aktiv zu begleiten und sie in der Bewältigung psychischer Krisen zu unterstützen. Wesentlich für den Erfolg dieser Intervention ist eine strukturierte Beobachtung, die sowohl die kontinuierliche Beurteilung des psychopathologischen Zustandes als auch die regelmäßige Einschätzung potenzieller Gefährdungssituationen einschließt. Wie wird eine neue Perspektive eingebracht? Der A-MSORT ist eine Checkliste, die Mitarbeitende darin unterstützt, wichtige klinische Beobachtungen im Rahmen einer intensiven Betreuung zu dokumentieren. Was sind die Auswirkungen für die Praxis? Mit der Einführung des A-MSORT Bogen wird die Dokumentation strukturierter und transparenter und damit für die Praxis der Versorgung besser nutzbar. Die Kriterien des A-MSORT fördern darüber hinaus, auch die Kommunikation über freiheitsentziehende Maßnahmen im interdisziplinären Team.
Redox Sensitive Mineral Magnetic Signatures of Seafloor Massive Sulfide Deposits
Authors: Wang Shishun , Tao Chunhui , Liao Shili , Cai Mingcheng , Wu Tao , Wang Mingxu 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSeafloor massive sulfide (SMS) deposits in different geological settings can have variable magnetic mineralogy, but the mechanism and implications of their spatiotemporal diversity are poorly understood. Based on seabed shallow drilling and surficial sampling of the Yuhuang hydrothermal field, Southwest Indian Ridge, we investigate here whether ubiquitous oxidative weathering affects the magnetic properties of SMS deposits. Microscopic observation and ferrous iron concentrations reveal that seafloor SMS deposits are extensively oxidized; subseafloor SMS deposits are relatively fresh, but oxidation initiates immediately after sample recovery. Negative frequency dependence of magnetic susceptibility likely due to measurement eddy currents is observed for fresh samples but not for oxidized ones, which suggests that oxidative weathering reduces the electromagnetic detectability of SMS deposits in geophysical investigations. Pyrrhotite (and probably other magnetic iron sulfide minerals), magnetite, and hematite are recognized as dominating magnetic (ferromagnetic, sensu lato) minerals in SMS deposits. Electron and quantum diamond microscope observations reveal pyrrhotite mineralization from high‐temperature reducing hydrothermal fluids, while iron‐oxides are mostly oxidation products of primary sulfides. Oxidative weathering modifies paleomagnetic records of SMS deposits. Bulk magnetic parameters vary systematically with enhanced oxidation degree. Temperature‐dependent magnetic measurements are useful tools for distinguishing the oxidation state of SMS deposits. Overall, these findings explain magnetic mineral variability in SMS deposits, linking mineral magnetic properties with seafloor geophysical investigations. Mineral magnetism can also be a redox state proxy for tracing natural and artificial environmental fluctuations in seafloor hydrothermal fields, inspiring novel interdisciplinary research to understand interactions in the dynamic Earth System.
Dependencies of Simulated Convective Cell and System Growth Biases on Atmospheric Instability and Model Resolution
Authors: Zhang Zhixiao , Varble Adam C. , Feng Zhe , Marquis James N. , Hardin Joseph C. , Zipser Edward J. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis study evaluates convective cell properties and their relationships with convective and stratiform rainfall within a season‐long convection‐permitting weather research and forecasting simulation over central Argentina using radar, satellite, and radiosonde measurements from the RELAMPAGO‐CACTI field campaign. The simulation slightly underestimates radar‐estimated rainfall over the ∼3.5‐month evaluation period but underestimates stratiform rainfall by 46% and overestimates convective rainfall by 43%. As convective available potential energy (CAPE) increases, the convective rainfall overestimation decreases, but the stratiform rainfall underestimation increases such that the contribution of convective to total rainfall remains constantly high biased by ∼26%. Overestimated convective rainfall arises from the simulation generating 2.6 times more precipitating convective cells (14,299) than observed by radar (5,662) despite similar observed and simulated cell growth processes, with relatively wide cells contributing mostly to excessive convective rainfall. Relatively shallow cells, typically reaching heights of 4–7 km, contribute most to the cell number bias. This cell number bias increases as CAPE decreases, potentially because cells and their updrafts become narrower and more under‐resolved as CAPE decreases. The gross overproduction of precipitating shallow cells leads to overly efficient precipitation and inadequate detrainment of ice aloft, thereby diminishing the formation of robust stratiform rainfall regions. Decreasing model horizontal grid spacing from 3 to 1 or 0.333 km for low (<300 J kg−1) and high CAPE (>1,000 J kg−1) cases results in minimal change to cell number, depth, and convective‐to‐stratiform partitioning biases. This suggests that improving prediction of these convective properties depends on factors beyond solely increasing model resolution.
Attributing the Variations in Evapotranspiration and Its Components of Alpine Grasslands Over the Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Lin Shan , Huang Kewei , Sun Xiangyang , Song Chunlin , Sun Juying , Sun Shouqin , Wang Genxu , Hu Zhaoyong 
Published: November 2024

AbstractClarifying the controlling factors of annual variations in evapotranspiration (ET) and its components (transpiration (T) and evaporation (E)) over alpine grasslands of high‐cold regions is vital to understanding the hydrological processes of the terrestrial ecosystem. Therefore, this study investigated the variability of ET and its components over the alpine grasslands of the Tibetan Plateau (TP) and the driving factors underlying these changes during 1961–2013. The results showed that the annual ET over alpine grasslands was 339 mm, of which 59% and 41% were contributed by E and T, respectively. Annual ET, E, and T over the TP grasslands changed insignificantly before 1995, whereas increased dramatically during 1995–2013. Regarding different alpine grassland types, annual ET and its components in seasonal frost regions (SAG) were larger than in permafrost regions (PAG). The increase of ET and its components in PAG was profoundly larger than that in the SAG region during 1995–2013. Water and energy factors controlled the ET of approximately 65% and 31% area of the TP grasslands, respectively. Leaf area index was the major cause of T variability throughout 64% area of TP grasslands, while regions where energy factors were the major force of T change were mainly located in the eastern SAG region. Variability of E on entire TP grasslands (81%) was mainly regulated by available water supply. Our results indicate that as permafrost degradation has the potential to amplify climate warming and precipitation increase, ET over the PAG region was expected to continue increasing faster than the SAG region.
Impact of Forest Dieback on Hydrology and Nitrogen Export Using a New Dynamic Water Quality Model
Authors: Chen Mufeng , Jomaa Seifeddine , Lausch Angela , Beudert Burkhard , Ghaffar Salman , Jia Wenhao , Rode Michael 
Published: November 2024

AbstractForest status is crucial for catchment hydrology and water quality but is increasingly disturbed by human activities and climatic factors. Therefore, it is urgently necessary to develop water quality models that can adapt to these changes. This study used a new dynamic Hydrological Predictions for the Environment (HYPE) model to assess the effect of rapid and continuous forest changes on catchment hydrology and nitrogen export. The modified HYPE model was implemented for the 25 years period in the Große Ohe catchment in Germany, which has experienced severe forest dieback and recovery. Due to the stochastic nature of infestation events, data covering the entire process of forest change are rare. The modified HYPE model performed well at different scales for discharge and dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) export. It was able to (a) capture the timing of peak flows and the seasonal DIN concentration dynamics and (b) reflect the initial increase and subsequent decrease trend in discharge and DIN export in accordance with forest dieback and regeneration. The increase in nitrogen export after forest dieback primarily resulted from reduced forest uptake and increased soil nitrogen availability from tree residues. The difference in runoff and nitrogen export increment with or without regeneration highlights the importance of forest regeneration in restoring catchment hydrology and water quality. Additionally, a decrease in DIN export after residue removal implies the impact of sound post‐disturbance management strategies. The dynamic modeling under changing catchment forests can enhance the analysis of catchment water quality and effectively support forest management.
Outcomes, safety and health economics of introduction of video laryngoscopy-assisted less invasive surfactant administration
Authors: Gupta Venkata , Weinberger Barry , Galanti Stephanie G. , Patel Jimikumar , Kasniya Gangajal , Kurepa Dalibor 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Less invasive surfactant administration (LISA) is associated with better outcomes than InSurE (Intubation-Surfactant administration-Extubation). Video-laryngoscopy (VL) facilitates intubation in neonates, however safety and cost-effectiveness of VL-assisted LISA have not been evaluated.

Methods
We compared the outcomes of infants receiving VL-assisted LISA (n = 67) with a historical cohort of infants who received InSurE (n = 52). Secondary aims were to evaluate safety and cost-effectiveness.

Results
VL-assisted LISA was associated with reduced duration of non-invasive ventilation (NIV), reduced duration of oxygen therapy, reduced composite days on NIV and mechanical ventilation (MV), and shorter NICU stay with lower hospital costs for infants ≥29 weeks GA, compared to InSurE. In the VL-assisted LISA group, 66% of the tracheal catheters were placed on the first attempt and 16% of infants displayed desaturation during placement.

Conclusion
In infants ≥29 weeks GA, VL-assisted LISA reduced exposure to NIV, oxygen, NIV and MV combined, length of stay, and cost of care compared to InSurE.
Z source based switched capacitor nine level boost inverter with a modified modulation strategy
Authors: Hasouna Ahmed R. , Mahmoud Sabry A. , El-Sabbe Awad E. , Osheba Dina S. M. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis article presents a Z source (ZS) based switched capacitor multilevel inverter (SC-MLI) with low capacitors charging inrush currents utilizing a modified modulation strategy. The topology generates nine output voltage levels with quadruple voltage gain utilizing eight power switches, five capacitors, two inductors, four discrete diodes, and a single DC source. The voltage gain can be further increased by applying shoot through (ST) states to the frontend ZS-network. Owing to its high voltage gain, the topology is suitable for low voltage renewable energy sources such as photovoltaics (PV), and fuel cells (FC). A modified modulation strategy is presented based on the conventional level shifted sinusoidal pulse width modulation (LS-SPWM). The proposed modulation strategy improves the dc-link utilization at higher modulation index. A detailed mathematical analysis is provided for the gain calculation based on the modified modulation strategy. A comparative study is implemented to verify the merits of the proposed topology. A simulation model is implemented utilizing MATLAB / Simulink to verify the topology characteristics. The power losses and efficiency calculations are presented using Altair PSIM. Furthermore, an experimental prototype is constructed to verify the simulation findings. The topology is tested with different loading conditions at numerous modulation index values and ST duty ratios. Furthermore, step change conditions are implemented to test the topology response. The effect of the ZS network on the switched capacitors charging inrush currents is validated. The proposed topology shows an overall advantage in terms of the output characteristics as well as the hardware requirements.
Estimating the impact of airport wildlife hazards management on realized wildlife strike risk
Authors: Altringer Levi , Begier Michael J. , Washburn Jenny E. , Shwiff Stephanie A. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractCollisions between wildlife and aircraft, commonly referred to as wildlife strikes or bird strikes, are rare events that pose considerable safety and economic risks to the aviation industry. Given the potentially dramatic consequences of such events, airports scheduled for passenger service are required to conduct wildlife hazard assessments and implement wildlife hazard management plans for the purpose of mitigating wildlife strike risk. The evaluation of such management, however, is complicated by imperfect reporting that mediates the relationship between realized wildlife strike risk and wildlife strike metrics. In this paper, we shed light on such phenomena by investigating the staggered adoption of a federal wildlife hazards management program at joint-use airports across the contiguous United States. This research design allowed us to exploit variation in both management presence across airports, over time as well as variation in the quality of wildlife strike reporting within airports. As hypothesized, we found that wildlife hazards management intervention has a significant impact on the quality of reporting, as evidenced by a substantial increase in the number of civil strikes reported over the management period. Where pre-existing reporting mechanisms were more robust, however, we found that wildlife hazards management had a significant impact on realized wildlife strike risk as evidenced by a decrease in strike-induced economic damages among military aircraft. Overall, we found that the estimated economic benefits of the studied airport wildlife hazards management program were 7 times greater than the costs over the management period. Our results have important implications for the measurement of wildlife strike risk and the management of wildlife hazards at airports, as well as important insights pertaining to the use of observational data for causal inference, particularly in the context of risk management.
Yb5Rh6Sn18: a valence fluctuating system with ultra-low thermal conductivity
Authors: Bolielyi Oleksandr , Levytskyi Volodymyr , Wagler Jörg , Kvashnina Kristina O. , Kundys Bohdan , Leithe-Jasper Andreas , Gumeniuk Roman 
Published: November 2024

Yb5Rh6Sn18 is a valence fluctuating system with a unique structural arrangement characterized by the enlarged Friauf polyhedra incorporating rattling Sn atoms, which causes additional phonon scattering and thus, reduction of thermal conductivity.
Accessible Literacy for Emerging Communicators: A Proposed Model and Case Application With Children on the Autism Spectrum
Authors: DeLuca Tim , Boucher Alyssa , Holyfield Christine 
Published: November 2024

Purpose:
Opportunities for literacy learning should be made accessible to all. For children with developmental disabilities who are emergent communicators, instruction in language and word reading may not be accessible through traditional practices.

Method:
Within this clinical focus article, we propose a conceptual model—accessible literacy for emerging communicators (ALEC)—guided by universal design for learning (UDL). UDL provides guidance to make learning accessible by considering all students' needs for engagement, representation, and action and expression. The ALEC model leverages UDL to offer clinical guidance to identify and implement opportunities for language and word reading learning for emerging communicators using augmentative and alternative communication. For emerging communicators with developmental disabilities, applying UDL principles to literacy opportunities includes mapping literacy onto meaningful interactions, providing high-meaning and orthographic representations, and embedding literacy into augmentative and alternative communication technology. We explore this approach clinically, reporting on cases in which we used the approach with three young children on the autism spectrum.

Results:
Based on clinical observation of data collection sessions in which UDL principles were applied to literacy, three participants demonstrated improved engagement compared with other sessions that targeted literacy goals.

Conclusion:
More research is needed, but our initial exploration showed that, by applying UDL guidelines for access, literacy learning opportunities can be made accessible for children with developmental disabilities who are emerging communicators.
MOEA/D‐based multi‐row facility layout optimisation method with discontinuity perceiving of the Pareto front
Authors: Guo Yinan , Huang Yao , Cheng Jian , Ban Xiaoyu , Zhao Xiaoxiao , Liu Tianyu 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn a multi‐row facility layout problem (MRFLP), facilities are arranged in more than one row under the limited layout area. Considering different layout factors, various extensions of MRFLP have been modelled. However, the orientation of input/output (I/O) point in a facility, as a key factor that plays a direct impact on flow cost, is seldom taken into account. Hence, a novel MRFLP is formulated to minimise both the layout area and flow cost, in which the position of I/O point is employed to calibrate the position of a facility and its orientation determines the flow cost for transporting materials among facilities. To solve the problem, a decomposition‐based multi‐objective evolutionary algorithm with perceiving discontinuity characteristic of Pareto front (PF) is put forward. After judging the discontinuity of PF, the weight vectors are adjusted to enhance the exploitation in continuous regions. To avoid premature convergence, a re‐initialisation mechanism is introduced to help the population jump out of the local optima. Moreover, an improved adaptive epsilon constraint‐handling technique is designed to effectively balance the diversity and feasibility of a population during the evolution. Experimental results of 12 instances expose that the proposed algorithm outperforms other state‐of‐the‐art algorithms significantly.
Model predictive control for energy efficient AC motor drives: An overview
Authors: Shahid Muhammad Bilal , Jin Weidong , Abbasi Muhammad Abbas , Husain Abdul Rashid Bin , Munir Hafiz Mudassir , Hassan Mannan , Flah Aymen , Souissi Ahmed Saad Eddine , Alghamdi Thamer A. H. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractState‐of‐the‐art model‐based predictive control techniques for AC motor drives are reviewed in this paper. A plethora of MPC algorithms with vast number of complex ideas has emerged in the last decade and this work makes an attempt to present those concepts in an intuitive, comprehensive and hierarchical manner. More emphasis is laid on finite control set model predictive control (FCS‐MPC) methods, especially predictive torque control (PTC) and predictive current control (PCC) because of their emergence as the prime focus of ongoing research in energy efficient drive control. The main focus of this review is to analyse the most recent work, signpost the future research directions, identify the core challenges and consolidate the ideas into a coherent and concise reference. A comprehensive classification based on actuation signals is presented and reviewed in detail. Then, the important challenges in MPC implementation, such as computational complexity reduction and delay compensation, weighting factor selection for multi‐objective cost functions, steady state performance and ripple reduction, parameter variations/model mismatching and achieving extended prediction horizons, are surveyed and most relevant solutions are reviewed. A detailed analysis of the last five years related work is given at the end and it is concluded that the future course seems to be diverting towards voltage vector selection with optimised phase, magnitude and duty ratios. Computational burden is still one of the main hurdle towards MPC proliferation and adaptation in AC drive control at the industrial level. However, with advent of high speed and cheaper signal processors and development of efficient algorithms, MPC is rapidly becoming the control method of choice for energy‐efficient drive control.
The age of the Methuselah star in the light of stellar evolution models with tailored abundances
Authors: Guillaume C. , Buldgen G. , Amarsi A. M. , Dupret M. A. , Lundkvist M. S. , Larsen J. R. , Scuflaire R. , Noels A. 
Published: November 2024

Context. HD140283, or the Methuselah star, is a well-known reference object in stellar evolution. Its peculiar chemical composition, proximity and absence of reddening makes it an interesting case-study of Pop II stars. Thanks to recent observational efforts, we now have precise interferometric and spectroscopic constraints, as well as revised astrometric parallaxes from the Gaia mission.
Aims. We determine the age of HD140283 with these latest constraints, and we quantify the impact of systematics from physical inaccuracies on the stellar evolution models.
Methods. Using recent spectroscopic abundances from the literature, including 3D non-local thermal equilibrium values for C, O, and Fe, we computed opacity tables specific to HD140283. We then used them in grids of stellar evolution models coupled to a Markov chain Monte Carlo tool to determine the age of HD140283.
Results. With our tailored models we found an age of 12.3 Gy. When we instead used a solar-scaled mixture, we found an age value of 14 Gy, which contradicts theories about the age of the Universe (13.77 ± 0.06 Gy). We also found that a reduction of the mixing-length parameter from its solar calibrated value leads to an even younger age, and this agrees with other recent studies. However, we found no direct evidence that would favour a lower value of the mixing-length parameter based on our modelling.
Conclusions. It is crucial to take the specific elemental abundances into account to model HD140283 because this leads to significant differences in the inferred age. However, this effect is degenerate with a decreasing mixing-length parameter. In this respect, asteroseismic constraints might play a key role in accurately deriving the mass of HD140283, and therefore, in strongly constraining its age.