bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel thermoplastic material: Pre‐polymerized PMMA liquid resin and continuous glass fiber‐reinforced composite initiated by benzoyl peroxide/N,N‐dimethylaniline
Authors: Li Jing , Zhang Yiru , Gao Yafei , Zhang Chong , Wu Lulu , Zhang Jianmin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThermoplastic PMMA was rarely exploited in continuous fiber‐reinforced composites due to its viscous high‐temperature molten fluid as well as pessimistic wettability into fiber fabric. Redox‐active polymerization is a green route to develop a new liquid PMMA resin at room temperature to provide an in situ curing with the advantages of energy saving and consumption reduction. In this paper, BPO/DMA was adopted as a redox initiator pair, and the effect of MMA:BPO:DMA ratio on curing time, Mn, Tg, and mechanical properties of PMMA were systematically studied. When the ratio of MMA:BPO:DMA is 200:1.2:1, PMMA‐200 achieved optimistic mechanical properties at 20°C (tensile strength, 64.7 MPa; tensile modulus, 3352 MPa; bending strength, 125.3 MPa; bending modulus, 3023 MPa). Moreover, the mechanical properties were further improved at low temperatures. The maximum tensile strength and tensile modulus were up to 97.43 and 4297 MPa (−40°C) respectively. The tensile strength (0°, 1103 MPa; 90°, 52.3 MPa) and tensile modulus (0°, 47.5 GPa; 90°, 14.2 GPa) of glass‐fiber‐reinforced PMMA composite at 20°C were found to be comparable with epoxy resin‐based composites and even higher at lower temperature. In summary, redox‐initiated PMMA and its fiber‐reinforced composites are promising thermoplastic materials as new lightweight alternatives.Highlights
Preparation method of PMMA resin and glass fiber composite.
Research on the mechanical properties, molecular weight, glass transition temperature, curing time, etc. of PMMA resin.
Testing of mechanical properties of PMMA glass fiber composites at room temperature and low temperature.
Current applications and prospects of PMMA glass fiber composites.
Decomposition of matrix in basalt fiber‐reinforced composites using laser processing parameters for clear unveiling of fibers without damage
Authors: Ürgün Satılmış , Fidan Sinan , Özsoy Mehmet İskender , Bora Mustafa Özgür 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis work investigates the effects of laser processing parameters on basalt fiber‐reinforced composites for the optimization of surface processing without fiber damage. Various conditions of laser power, speed, and stand‐off distance were applied using a CO₂ laser. Consequently, a well‐processed morphology with full matrix removal and clear fiber exposure was achieved under optimized conditions of 32 W power, 200 mm/s speed, and 5 mm SOD. Those parameters resulted in a surface roughness Sa of 6.11 μm. Using the optimum parameters obtained from the experiments, the surface energy density was computed as 0.89 J/mm2, while ensuring adequate material removal without damage to the fiber. Lower power input of 20 W resulted in incomplete removal of the matrix; on the other extreme, unreasonably high powers resulted in fiber degradation. The experiments determined that optimum laser parameters indeed play a critical role in the processing of basalt fiber composites surfaces.Highlights
Ideal laser settings: 32 W, 200 mm/s, 5 mm SOD.
Full‐matrix removal and fiber exposition realized without any damage.
The achieved surface roughness Sa is 6.11 μm for optimized laser parameters.
Excessive laser power leads to a fiber damage.
Lab‐scale manufacturing of thermoplastic matrix‐continuous carbon fiber filaments for additive manufacturing: Melt impregnation, properties of the filaments and its printed composites
Authors: Sütcüler Yunus Alp , Bex Guy J. P. , Stupp Cesar A. , Kodal Mehmet , ten Cate A. Tessa , Özkoç Güralp 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAdditive manufacturing encounters significant barriers to its broader application in large‐scale production. This research seeks to mitigate critical limitations, including a trade‐off between impregnation speed and quality in filament preparation and inconsistent fiber distribution in continuous carbon filaments (CCFs), mainly attributed to the rounding process of unidirectional tapes and insufficient interlayer adhesion. A novel lab‐scale impregnation line was engineered to address these challenges, facilitating the production of CCFs using three distinct types of carbon fiber in conjunction with recycled glycol‐modified poly(ethylene terephthalate) (rPETG) resin. This new lab‐scale process produces uniform fiber distribution within PETG matrix and prevents S‐shaped distortions typically observed in conventionally rounded tapes. The type of carbon fiber sizing influences the impregnation process and tensile strength of the CCFs. Specifically, CCFs with flexible sizing demonstrated a 15% reduction in tensile strength due to fuzz formation during impregnation. These CCFs were subsequently employed in 3D printing applications, with the fabricated composite components subjected to interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) testing. The study concludes that recycled PETG is a viable additive manufacturing material when combined with appropriately sized carbon fibers. Additionally, it highlights the advantages of omitting the rounding stage, which enhances the quality of CCF and optimizes production efficiency.Highlights
A lab‐scale direct melt impregnation system was designed in this study.
The impact of different sizing types on carbon fibers was investigated.
3D‐printed continuous fiber filaments were prepared.
New lab‐scale process produces uniform fiber distribution within PETG matrix.
S‐shaped distortions observed in conventionally rounded tapes were prevented.
Experimental study on the maximum static friction coefficient of fiber winding based on semi‐geodesic method
Authors: Dai Yuchen , Zheng Chuanxiang , Lin Jiao , Liu Yangtao , Wang Dawei 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn the fiber winding process, the maximum static friction coefficient significantly influences the designable range of non‐geodesic winding trajectories and the behavior of fiber stacking and sliding. To accurately and conveniently measure the maximum static friction coefficient for fiber winding, a method based on semi‐geodesic trajectories was proposed. This method assesses the maximum static friction coefficient between fibers and mandrels, as well as between fibers, without requiring additional component fabrication. Its effectiveness was investigated, and two methods for determining fiber yarn slip were proposed. Additionally, measurement errors and variations in the slip coefficient before and after fiber yarn slip were examined. The research results indicate that the proposed measurement method has an error margin of approximately ±6%. After fiber yarn slip, the slip coefficient gradually decreases along the winding trajectory. The maximum static friction coefficient is independent of both winding speed and winding tension.Highlights
A method for measuring the maximum static friction coefficient was proposed.
Two methods were proposed for determining the slip of fiber yarn.
The method allows for direct measurement using the mandrel to be wound.
The maximum static friction coefficient between fibers can be measured.
Printability and mechanical behaviors of continuous polyamide fiber reinforced polycaprolactone composites
Authors: Yan Yongzhe , Sun Shuo , Pillay Selvum , Ning Haibin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPolycaprolactone (PCL) is a biodegradable material that has received significant attention in the last decade. It is characterized by low toxicity and biocompatibility, making it a common choice as a tissue scaffold material in the medical field. However, its low mechanical performance has limited its application. This work focuses on the development and characterization of a PCL based printing material reinforced with continuous polyamide 6 fiber (PA6/PCL). PA6/PCL filaments were produced through a hot melt impregnation process. A custom fused deposition modeling (FDM) printer was used to print the PA6/PCL composites. Thermal analysis was conducted to assess the thermal properties of the composite materials. Mechanical tests were performed to evaluate the mechanical properties of the printed composites and determine the effect of PA6 continuous fiber on their mechanical properties. The study showed that adding continuous PA6 fibers significantly improved the strength and modulus of PCL. When 7.9 wt% PA6 fiber is added, the tensile strength of PCL printed parts increased by more than 300%, and the tensile modulus increased by 36%. In addition, flexure strength increased by 130% and flexure modulus by 150%. Scanning electron microscope was used to study the fracture surfaces of the composites and it was found that the main failure modes were fiber fracture and debonding between fiber and matrix. This research demonstrates that adding continuous PA6 fibers tremendously enhances the mechanical properties of printed PCL parts. This novel composite material can potentially broaden the applications of FDM technology and provide more material options for biomedical applications.Highlight
A novel FDM composite material with excellent tensile strength was developed.
Continuous PA6 fiber has been used to reinforce PCL.
A new test method was developed for evaluating filament material for FDM.
The tensile strength of PCL is improved by 300% when 7.9 wt% PA6 fiber is added.
The printability of the FDM composite material has been confirmed.
The technique of transforming symptom's symbol into emptiness: A mind–body therapy in the Chinese context
Authors: Niu Haiqun , Chen Yi , Zhou Wen , Tao Yanqiang , Liu Tianjun 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe technique of transforming symptom's symbol into emptiness (TSSE) is a new mind–body treatment method proposed by Tianjun Liu in 2008. It integrates Qigong and concrete object‐image thinking rooted in traditional Chinese culture into modern psychotherapy and proposes that mental and physical problems can be alleviated or eliminated in the process of movement. Accordingly, the therapist needs to guide the client with various symptoms to psychological nothingness where the client cannot see or feel these symptoms, and the purpose of healing can be achieved through the experience of emptiness. TSSE is divided into static and dynamic operations and consists of 10 steps. The static operation includes trio relaxation exercises (the body, breath, and mind), identifying the target symptom, visualizing the target symptom as an object‐image, visualizing a symbolic carrier, and filling out record sheet A. The dynamic operation includes trio relaxation exercises again, moving the symbolic object into the carrier, moving the carrier with the symbolic object into psychological nothingness, moving back and assessment, and filling out record sheet B. The effectiveness of TSSE can be evaluated by the therapist's judgment based on the client's performance and by the difference between the symptom impact scores recorded in sheets A and B. TSSE has been proven to be an effective psychosomatic treatment solution by some empirical studies conducted in China. Future research can combine other technologies, such as fMRI and fNIRS, to further explore the potential effective mechanisms of TSSE.
Hyaluronan‐protein interactions: Lilliput revisited
Authors: Day Anthony J. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractHyaluronan (HA) is a huge linear polysaccharide composed entirely of a simple repeating disaccharide that has been preserved unchanged since the evolution of vertebrates ~520 million years ago. It is present in all mammalian tissues, being synthesised within the cell membrane and extruded into the extracellular space where it dictates tissue elasticity, hydration and permeability. HA also directs cell behaviour via engagement with cell surface receptors. These properties allow it to mediate diverse functions in a wide range of physiological and pathological processes, including development, mammalian reproduction and inflammation. There is growing evidence that the way in which the HA biopolymer is differentially organised, through its interaction with a repertoire of HA‐binding proteins (HABPs), is key to the diversity of its biological functions. This review summarises current knowledge of HA‐protein interactions and how their diversity may lead to the formation of HA/protein complexes with distinct molecular architectures that in turn underpin different physical properties and receptor‐mediated effects. Potentially controversial areas such the pro‐inflammatory effects of low molecular weight HA fragments and how short HA‐binding peptides modulate HA function are considered from a molecular perspective.
Experimental study on the mechanical evolution for waste tire rubber powder‐modified asphalt and its mixture considering the temperature characteristics in seasonal freezing regions
Authors: Jie Shaolong , Mao Shuai , Yue Zurun , Hu Tianfei , Sun Zhiqi , Qing Caolin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe study focused on preparing modified asphalt and its mixtures using waste tire rubber powder and polystyrene–butadiene–styrene (SBS). The modified asphalt was divided into two types: single‐doped waste tire rubber powder and SBS/waste tire rubber powder, and modified asphalt mixtures were prepared by dry or wet processes. Based on the temperature and freeze–thaw characteristics of seasonal freezing areas, the mechanical evolution for waste tire rubber powder‐modified asphalt and its mixture was analyzed. The results showed the following. (1) The waste tire rubber powder‐modified asphalt viscosity was closely related to the amount and particle size of rubber powder. A particle size of 60 mesh or 80 mesh and an amount between 18% and 25% were suitable. (2) Combined with dynamic mechanical analysis and needle penetration test, the single‐doped waste tire rubber powder‐modified asphalt with 80 mesh rubber powder particles and 18–25% rubber powder content was suitable. The SBS/waste tire rubber powder compound‐modified asphalt (SBS 3%; rubber powder 16%, particle size 80 mesh; aromatic oil 4%; stabilizer 3‰) had better high‐ and low‐temperature performance improvement. (3) The splitting tensile strength of modified asphalt mixture deteriorated rapidly during the first 10 freeze–thaw cycles, and then tended to stabilize. The SBS/waste tire rubber powder compound‐ or single‐doped waste tire rubber powder‐modified asphalt mixture had better frost resistance. (4) The unified calculation model for strength deterioration obtained by using a single logarithmic coordinate transformation could reflect the strength and deterioration rate through the material parameters. (5) At high or low temperatures, the modified asphalt mixture presented flexible or brittle failure, respectively, with a critical brittle failure temperature near −10 °C. While, the dry process modified asphalt mixture was not suitable for service in seasonal freezing regions. The study was used to further understand the mechanical characteristics of waste tire rubber powder‐modified asphalt and its mixture under environmental load in seasonal freezing regions. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Female contact sex pheromone recognition in the German cockroach (Blattella germanica) is mediated by two male antennae‐enriched sensory neuron membrane proteins
Authors: Feng Hong‐Yan , Zhao Ya‐Qin , Yang Tao , Zhou Yang‐Yuntao , Gong Lang‐Lang , Zhang Meng‐Qi , Ma Yun‐Feng , Hull J. Joe , Dewer Youssef , Zhang Fan , Smagghe Guy , He Ming , He Peng 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe German cockroach Blattella germanica is a notorious urban health pest that has developed resistance to multiple pesticides. Thus, novel non‐lethal pest control agents are urgently needed. Olfaction interference via disruption of sex pheromone recognition‐related genes offers a promising approach. The German cockroach has a unique courtship behavior in which female adults emit contact sex pheromones (CSPs) in response to antennal touching, which subsequently triggers distinctive male sex behavioral responses. Due to the limited volatility of CSPs, the molecular mechanisms underlying their recognition and the specific olfactory pathways activated remain poorly defined. Although the odorant receptor coreceptor (Orco) is critical for most insect olfaction, sensory neuron membrane proteins (SNMPs), in particular SNMP1, also play crucial roles in sex pheromone recognition in moths and flies. While multiple SNMP1 homologs have been identified in multiple insect species, they have yet to be fully functionally characterized in cockroaches.RESULTSIn this study, RNA‐interference (RNAi)‐mediated knockdown of BgerOrco reduced both the electrophysiology responses and courtship behaviors of males, indicating CSP perception proceeds via an olfaction pathway. Similar RNAi knockdown of BgerSNMP1e and BgerSNMP1d, which are predominantly expressed in male antennae, revealed critical roles in perceiving the major component of the Blattella germanica CSP blend. Unlike BgerSNMP1e, BgerSNMP1d was also found to function in the perception of the minor CSP component. Molecular docking analyses revealed no differences in the binding affinities of BgerSNMP1d for the major and minor CSP components, whereas the binding affinities of BgerSNMP1e displayed clear selectivity for the major component.CONCLUSIONOur results show that the olfactory pathway is critical for CSP recognition and that two male‐enriched SNMP genes, BgerSNMP1e and BgerSNMP1d, are crucial factors mediating the male response to CSP stimulation in German cockroaches. This study lays a foundation for studying the mechanisms of CSP recognition and provides novel molecular targets with potential to be exploited as disruptors of courtship behavior. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Ionic Liquid Assisted Green Synthesis of Quinoxaline Based Bisspirooxindoles: Anticancer Evaluation and Molecular Dynamics
Authors: Kanchrana Madhu , Krishna Gamidi Rama , Dey Biswajit , Pandey Nandita , Guru Santosh Kumar , Sangolkar Akanksha Ashok , Pawar Ravinder , Basavoju Srinivas 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn this study, we have synthesized a series of novel quinoxaline based bisspirooxindoles through green protocol using ionic liquid [Bmim]BF4. All the compounds were well characterized by spectroscopic methods like FT‐IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, mass and finally the structures were authenticated by single crystal X‐ray diffraction (SCXRD) (4e). The target compounds were evaluated for their anticancer activity with different cancer cell lines like MDAMB‐231, MCF‐7, MCF‐10A, HCC‐1395, Molt‐4, and FaDU. The compounds 4d, 4g, 4m, and 4n showed 42.0%, 43.3%, 52.7%, and 56.0 percentage of growth inhibition respectively with the T cell acute lymphoblastic Molt‐4 cell line. The compounds 4b, 4c, 4 h, 4k, and 4m have shown 30%–39% of growth inhibition against FaDU cell line. Further, anticancer activity was validated with in silico molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations. The outcomes of dynamics simulations exclusively emphasize that the compounds bind to HIS862 and TYR896 residues which are among the catalytic triad of PARP1. Finally, the results of ADME is also used to assess the drug likeness, which clearly shows that our target compounds are adaptable as potential drug pathways for medicinal chemists.
Recent Advances in Radical Reactions of 1,n‐Enynes with Phosphorus‐Centered Radicals
Authors: Ni Hairui , Fan Siyan , Yu Tongyan , Shi Zhuang‐zhi , You Siliang , Deng Chao 
Published: November 2024

AbstractOrganophosphorus compounds have been widely used as achiral and chiral ligands in organic synthesis (PPh3, BINAP, dppe, Duphos, Xantphos, PPFA, Chiraphos, SEGPHOS), flame retardants, functional materials (LED, PV), as well as agrochemicals and medicines due to their broad biological activities. As the privileged versatile building blocks, 1,n‐enynes have been successfully applied in the synthesis of various functionalized cyclic compounds based on their two active unsaturated chemical bonds (C═C double and C≡C triple bonds). With the development of highly selective and efficient methods in organic chemistry, various organophosphorus cyclic compounds synthesis through radical cascade strategy has attracted considerable attention in recent years. In here, we have summarized the recent main achievements in the radical cascade reactions of 1,n‐enynes with phosphorus‐centered radicals. Furthermore, we also displayed the detailed reaction mechanisms in this review.
Improving the Energy Density of Potassium‐Ion Batteries Through Defect Engineering
Authors: Wang Chen , Cai Hongtu , Zheng Shumin , Wang Bao , Wang Shaoyan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPotassium‐ion batteries (PIBs) have a significant cost advantage in resources, making their commercial application imminent. Presently, the cycling lifespan and energy density of PIBs lag behind those of lithium‐ion batteries, highlighting the crucial need for anode materials suitable for potassium storage. This paper used high‐pressure heat treatment and extraction methods to obtained toluene insoluble (TI) as a carbon matrix, followed by nickel and nitrogen co‐doping to synthesized anode materials (NiNTI). NiNTI is characterized by defect engineering such as thermal condensation polymerization and template doping, which destroys the flattening of the material, provides more active sites, forms more disordered carbon structures, generates a large number of defects and structural vacancies, and improves the electronic conductivity of NiNTI materials. In the NiNTI half‐cell configuration, operating at a current density of 0.1 A g−1, the reversible specific capacity reaches 364 mAh g−1, with an initial coulombic efficiency of 64.9%.
Silver Nanoparticle‐Decorated Cellulose Nanocrystal Reinforced Ionic Polymer Hydrogel With High Conductivity and Environmental Tolerance for Multifunctional Sensing and Emergency Alarm System
Authors: Wang Yafang , Yao Anrong , Zhong Hualan , Mo Yunbo , Zhang Han , Shang Jiaojiao , Lan Jianwu , Fan Wuhou , Chen Xiaotian , Lin Shaojian 
Published: November 2024

AbstractConductive hydrogels hold great promise for flexible electronics. However, the simultaneous achievement of satisfactory mechanical strength, outstanding environmental tolerance, high sensitivity, and multiple sensing applications in a single conductive hydrogel remains a significant challenge. Herein, ionic polymer‐based hydrogels with a double conductive network consisting of [2‐(methacryloyloxy)ethyl] trimethyl ammonium chloride (DMC), 2‐hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) and silver nanoparticle decorated cellulose nanocrystal (CNC@Ag) are prepared by a facile one‐pot method. The resultant hydrogel (CDH) exhibits high stretchability, satisfactory self‐adhesion, excellent environment tolerance (from −60 to 60 °C), long‐term stability (60 days), effective UV‐shielding, and strong antibacterial properties. Significantly, the CDH hydrogel displays high conductivity and rapid response due to its double conductive network of ionic polymer and CNC@Ag. Therefore, the CDH‐assembled sensor can accurately detect signals from both strain and pressure deformations, exhibiting outstanding sensitivity and reliability for human motion detection, signal transmission, object recognition, and tactile sensing. More interestingly, collaborating with a development board, the CDH‐based sensor can be developed as an emergency alarm to realize prompt alarms in dangerous situations. Overall, this work presents a strategy for the fabrication of conductive hydrogel with remarkable properties, making it possible for multifunctional sensing applications in wearable electronics.