bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fashioning Fame: Fernando de Herrera'sAnotacionesas a Space of Knowledge
Authors: Lazure Guy 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe 1580 edition of Fernando de Herrera's Anotaciones a Garcilaso marked the entrance of a new protagonist in the literary landscape of Golden Age poetry. Contrasting the notions of “academies” and “spaces of knowledge”, this article focuses on how Herrera and the group of Sevillian literati who collaborated on the project took advantage of this publication to make a name for themselves within the Spanish republic of letters. Their efforts are examined through the different strategies for authority elaborated in the book's paratextual material, as well as the various critical responses and reactions to the Anotaciones.
Rebolledo, un poeta ante la imprentaRebolledo, a Poet at the Printing Press
Authors: Pérez Pedro Ruiz 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Aristocrat and diplomat Bernardino de Rebolledo regularly resorted to the printing press to disseminate his verses and materially shape them in books. More idiosyncratically, indeed a novelty in Spain at the time, he also reviewed the process that lead to the publication of his complete works. As an amateur writer, his use of the printing press and his entering the book market were remarkably free of economic reasons. The publication of Rebolledo's works illustrates the distance between the oral, courtly practice of poetry and its materialization in a book, a process that stands both as an obstacle and a springboard in the development of authorial conscience and of the idea of poet.
Effect of Hexanal as a Post-harvest Treatment to Extend the Shelf-life of Banana Fruits (Musa acuminata var. Sweet Banana) in Kenya
Authors: Yumbya Peninah , Hutchinson Margaret , Ambuko Jane , Owino Willis 
Published: August 2019

The short shelf-life of fruits in the tropics continues to be a pressing problem for farmers and other value chain actors. Hexanal is a naturally occurring compound that has received attention as a novel postharvest compound preservative. This study was conducted to determine the effect of hexanal on enhancing the postharvest shelf-life and quality of ‘sweet banana’ fruits. Two hexanal concentrations (2% and 3%) were applied as either a pre-harvest spray or a post-harvest dip. Fruits were obtained from two different agro ecological zones of Kenya (AEZs II and IV). The treated fruits were kept under ambient room conditions of 25 ± 1°C and RH 60 ± 5% to ripen. Hexanal treatment maintained the fruits quality and prolonged the shelf-life by 6 days in the dipped fruits, 6 and 3 days in the sprayed fruits from the drier AEZ IV and colder AEZ II respectively compared to the untreated controls. Hexanal treatments significantly (P = .05) delayed or reduced the rate of most of the physicochemical parameters analysed irrespective of the concentration and mode of application used. Fruit firmness was significantly (P = .05) maintained up to day 6 and 9 of storage in the treated fruits compared to the controls which softened drastically as from day 3 and 6 in the sprayed and dipped fruits respectively. Hexanal treatment delayed ethylene and respiratory peaks by 3 days in both modes of application and significantly delayed progression of other ripening related changes such as 0Brix, titratable acidity, simple sugars and vitamin C. Sensory evaluation showed no significant differences in the various quality attributes analysed between the hexanal treated and control fruits. The results of this study indicate that, use of hexanal is a potential technology that could be adopted by banana farmers to enhance post-harvest shelf-life without compromising on quality.
Effects of the Administration of Thyroid Hormones in Cases of Hepatic Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury
Authors: Ustun Yasemin Burcu , Kaya Cengiz , Koksal Ersin , Atalay Yunus , Yilmaz Ziya , Torun Aysun Caglar , Karabicak Ilhan , Aksoy Abdurrahman , Yarim Murat 
Published: August 2019

Objective:
Hepatic ischemia and reperfusion (IR) injury is the most important cause of cellular death and hepatic dysfunction following liver transplantation and resection. Our aim in this study is to reveal the early stage effects of thyroid hormone levels on hepatic IR injury that effectively act on cellular homeostasis.

Methods:
Forty-six male Wistar albino rats were divided into 6 groups as follows: euthyroid-sham (n = 8), euthyroid with IR injury (n = 8), hyperthyroid-sham (n = 7), hyperthyroid with IR injury (n = 7), hypothyroid-sham (n = 8), and hypothyroid with IR injury (n = 8). After 90 minutes of partial hepatic ischemia, 90 minutes of reperfusion was applied. Liver tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, catalase (CAT), glutathion peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme activities were measured. Hepatic tissue was immunohistochemically analyzed.

Results:
MDA levels of liver tissue were analyzed, and hepatic MDA levels in the hyper-IR group were found to be significantly lower (P = 0.002) than those of the hypo-IR and euthyroid-IR groups. Serum CAT levels did not differ between control groups, whereas CAT values in the hyper-IR group were detected to be significantly lower than in the euthyroid-IR and hypothyroid-IR groups (P = 0.003). However, levels of SOD and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) were not affected by the functional state of the thyroid. No statistically significant difference was seen in the results of the histopathologic evaluation and immunohistochemical staining of the liver tissue.

Conclusion:
The administration of thyroid hormone within a short time before IR injury may have protective effects.
Noise reduction in dual‐energy computed tomography virtual monoenergetic imaging
Authors: Liu Chi‐Kuang , Huang Hsuan‐Ming 
Published: August 2019

AbstractPurposeVirtual monoenergetic images (VMIs) derived from dual‐energy computed tomography (DECT) have been explored for several clinical applications in recent years. However, VMIs at low and high keVs have high levels of noise. The aim of this study was to reduce image noise in VMIs by using a two‐step noise reduction technique.MethodsVMI was first denoised using a modified highly constrained backprojection (HYPR) method. After the first‐step denoising, a general‐threshold filtering method was performed. Two sets of anthropomorphic phantoms were scanned with a clinical dual‐source DECT system. DECT data (80/140Sn kV) were reconstructed as VMI series at 12 different energy levels (range, 40‐150 keV, interval, 10 keV). For comparison, the averaged VMIs obtained from 10 repeated DECT scans were used as the reference standard. The signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR), contrast‐to‐noise ratio (CNR) and root‐mean‐square error (RMSE) were used to evaluate the quality of VMIs.ResultsCompared to the original HYPR method, the proposed two‐step image denoising method could provide better performance in terms of SNR, CNR, and RMSE. In addition, the proposed method could achieve effective noise reduction while preserving edges and small structures, especially for low‐keV VMIs.ConclusionThe proposed two‐step image denoising method is a feasible method for reducing noise in VMIs obtained from a clinical DECT scanner. The proposed method can also reduce edge blurring and the loss of intensity in small lesions.
Two‐Phase Emulgels for Direct Ink Writing of Skin‐Bearing Architectures
Authors: Huan Siqi , Mattos Bruno D. , Ajdary Rubina , Xiang Wenchao , Bai Long , Rojas Orlando J. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractDirect ink writing (DIW) provides programmable and customizable platforms to engineer hierarchically organized constructs. However, one‐step, facile synthesis of such architectures via DIW has been challenging. This study introduces inks based on two‐phase emulgels for direct printing and in situ formation of protecting layers enveloping multicomponent cores, mimicking skin‐bearing biological systems. The emulgel consists of a Pickering emulsion with an organic, internal phase containing poly(lactic acid) stabilized by chitin/cellulose nanofibers and a continuous, cross‐linkable hydrogel containing cellulose nanofibers and any of the given solid particles. The shear during ink extrusion through nozzles of low surface energy facilitates the generation of the enveloped structures via fast and spontaneous phase separation of the emulgel. The skin‐bearing architectures enable control of mass transport as a novel configuration for cargo release. As a demonstration, a hydrophilic molecule is loaded in the hydrogel, which is released through the core and skin, enabling regulation of diffusion and permeation phenomena. This 3D‐printed functional material allows independent control of strength owing to the hierarchical construction. The new method of fabrication is proposed as a simple way to achieve protection, regulation, and sensation, taking the example of the functions of skins and cuticles, which are ubiquitous in nature.
An Optically Responsive Soft Etalon Based on Ultrathin Cellulose Hydrogels
Authors: Dong Yue , Akinoglu Eser Metin , Zhang Heyou , Maasoumi Fatemeh , Zhou Jinping , Mulvaney Paul 
Published: August 2019

AbstractStimuli‐responsive optical etalons are an exciting class of next‐generation sensors because they are scalable, cost‐effective and offer tunability of their optical response across the entire UV–vis–NIR wavelength range. In this study, double‐network cellulose hydrogels are used as a soft, responsive medium and are incorporated into Fabry–Pérot optical etalons. The thin cellulose hydrogel layer can be solution processed. The hygroscopic hydrogel undergoes both refractive index and thickness changes in response to changes in humidity. This leads to strong changes in reflection due to optical interference within the metal–insulator–metal (MIM) cavity. The response can be optimized by adjusting the chemical crosslinker ratio. These flexible MIM structures provide a robust platform for optically based chemical sensors.
Fluorous Metal–Organic Frameworks and Nonporous Coordination Polymers as Low‐κ Dielectrics
Authors: Galli Simona , Cimino Alessandro , Ivy Joshua F. , Giacobbe Carlotta , Arvapally Ravi K. , Vismara Rebecca , Checchia Stefano , Rawshdeh Mustafa A. , Cardenas Christian T. , Yaseen Waleed K. , Maspero Angelo , Omary Mohammad A. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractA fluorous metal–organic framework [Cu(FBTB)(DMF)] (FMOF‐3) [H2FBTB = 1,4‐bis(1‐H‐tetrazol‐5‐yl)tetrafluorobenzene] and fluorous nonporous coordination polymer [Ag2(FBTB)] (FN‐PCP‐1) are synthesized and characterized as for their structural, thermal, and textural properties. Together with the corresponding nonfluorinated analogues lc‐[Cu(BTB)(DMF)] and [Ag2(BTB)], and two known (super)hydrophobic MOFs, FMOF‐1 and ZIF‐8, they have been investigated as low‐dielectric constant (low‐κ) materials under dry and humid conditions. The results show that substitution of hydrogen with fluorine or fluoroalkyl groups on the organic linker imparts higher hydrophobicity and lower polarizability to the overall material. Pellets of FMOF‐1, FMOF‐3, and FN‐PCP‐1 exhibit κ values of 1.63(1), 2.44(3), and 2.57(3) at 2 × 106 Hz, respectively, under ambient conditions, versus 2.94(8) and 3.79(1) for lc‐[Cu(BTB)(DMF)] and [Ag2(BTB)], respectively. Such low‐κ values persist even upon exposure to almost saturated humidity levels. Correcting for the experimental pellet density, the intrinsic κ for FMOF‐1 reaches the remarkably low value of 1.28, the lowest value known to date for a hydrophobic material.
Molecular Beam Epitaxy and Electronic Structure of Atomically Thin Oxyselenide Films
Authors: Liang Yan , Chen Yujie , Sun Yuanwei , Xu Shipu , Wu Jinxiong , Tan Congwei , Xu Xiaofeng , Yuan Hongtao , Yang Lexian , Chen Yulin , Gao Peng , Guo Jiandong , Peng Hailin 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAtomically thin oxychalcogenides have been attracting intensive attention for their fascinating fundamental properties and application prospects. Bi2O2Se, a representative of layered oxychalcogenides, has emerged as an air‐stable high‐mobility 2D semiconductor that holds great promise for next‐generation electronics. The preparation and device fabrication of high‐quality Bi2O2Se crystals down to a few atomic layers remains a great challenge at present. Here, molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) of atomically thin Bi2O2Se films down to monolayer on SrTiO3 (001) substrate is achieved by co‐evaporating Bi and Se precursors in oxygen atmosphere. The interfacial atomic arrangements of MBE‐grown Bi2O2Se/SrTiO3 are unambiguously revealed, showing an atomically sharp interface and atom‐to‐atom alignment. Importantly, the electronic band structures of one‐unit‐cell (1‐UC) thick Bi2O2Se films are observed by angle‐resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES), showing low effective mass of ≈0.15 m0 and bandgap of ≈0.8 eV. These results may be constructive to the synthesis of other 2D oxychalcogenides and investigation of novel physical properties.
Biofunctionalization of Glass‐ and Paper‐Based Microfluidic Devices: A Review
Authors: Shakeri Amid , Jarad Noor Abu , Leung Ashlyn , Soleymani Leyla , Didar Tohid F. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBiofunctionalization of microchannels is of great concern in the fabrication of microfluidic devices. Different substrates such as glass slides, papers, polymers, and beads require different biofunctionalization approaches granting the utilization of microfluidics in several biomedical applications. Covalent immobilization of biomolecules inside the microchannels is achieved by chemical modification of the surface such as silanization or introducing different coupling agents. Although creating biointerfaces that are covalently bonded to the microchannel surface necessitates multiple steps of surface modification and incubation times, it bestows a robust biointerface capable of withstanding high shear stresses and harsh conditions without dissipating the biofunctionality. Regarding the applications that do not require robustness and long‐term stability, noncovalent attachment of biomolecules such as van der Waals and hydrophobic interactions are adequate to successfully create a functional biointerface. This review summarizes the various biofunctionalization approaches used in the most common microfluidic substrates: glass and paper. In addition, several biofunctionalization examples are proposed and described in detail along with their associated applications.
Enhancing Photocatalytic Activity of NO Removal through an In Situ Control of Oxygen Vacancies in Growth of TiO2
Authors: Shen Xiaoling , Dong Guohui , Wang Lan , Ye Liqun , Sun Jianwu 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAlthough defects play an important role in the photocatalytic activity of TiO2, the mechanism of the photocatalytic activity related to different defects remains disputable. Moreover, the reported methods to introduce defects raise the preparation cost. In this work, different types of defects including O‐vacancy cluster, surface O‐vacancy, and bulk O‐vacancy defects are in situ introduced in TiO2 by controlling the crystallization temperature. The medium‐degree crystallinity TiO2 sample mainly containing surface O‐vacancies exhibits the best NO removal activity. The systematic study of photocatalytic mechanism demonstrates that the surface O‐vacancies significantly promote the adsorption of H2O molecules and improve charge transfer to the adsorbed H2O forming ·OH, thus dramatically enhancing the photocatalytic NO removal activity. On the contrary, bulk O‐vacancies neither help the adsorption of H2O molecules, nor improve the charge transfer to H2O.
Visible Colorimetric Oxygen Indicator Based on Ag‐Loaded TiO2 Nanotubes for Quick Response and Real‐Time Monitoring of the Integrity of Modified Atmosphere Packaging
Authors: Wen Junwei , Huang Shuting , Jia Ling , Ding Fuyuan , Li Houbin , Chen Lingyun , Liu Xinghai 
Published: August 2019

AbstractOxygen indication is a new technique for non‐destructive testing (NDT) of modified atmosphere packaging (MAP). Damage may occur at any time during the transportation and storage of MAP, resulting in increased oxygen concentration. This may lead to food quality decline and even food spoilage. However, it is difficult to judge whether the package is undamaged without professional equipment. A visible colorimetric oxygen indicator that can accurately identify an intact packaging system to ensure food safety is reported. The indicator consists of an Ag‐loaded titanium dioxide nanotube (Ag‐TNT), glycerol, methylene blue (MB), and hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC). According to X‐ray diffraction, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, and UV–vis results, the Ag‐TNT showed efficient photocatalytic performance, increased specific surface area (from 85 to 227 m2 g−1), and an increased band gap of 3.30 eV. These results dramatically improved the performance of Ag‐TNT as an oxygen indicator. Additionally, it demonstrated two outstanding properties: blocking indicator response to natural light (wavelength > 380 nm) and shortening the bleaching time during activation. Such an oxygen indicator can considerably enhance the accuracy of NDT for packages. Furthermore, it can be used in the packaging of different foodstuffs, ensuring food safety.
Semiconductor Quantum Dots‐Embedded Inorganic Glasses: Fabrication, Luminescent Properties, and Potential Applications
Authors: Xia Mengling , Luo Jiajun , Chen Chao , Liu Huan , Tang Jiang 
Published: August 2019

AbstractQuantum dots (QDs)‐embedded inorganic glasses combine the outstanding luminescent properties of QDs with the chemical, mechanical, and thermal stability of glasses, overcoming the instability bottleneck of QDs and facilitating their wide and endurable applications such as nonlinear optical devices, light emission, and signal amplification in the fiber‐optic communication system. Typical QDs incorporated into glasses include IIB‐VIA (e.g., ZnO, CdSe), IVB‐VIA (e.g., PbS), and halide perovskite (CsPbBr3, et al.) QDs. Here, the preparation methods and growth kinetics of QDs in glasses are first discussed, followed by the summary of the optical properties and application explorations of IIB‐VIA, IVB‐VIA, and halide perovskite QDs‐embedded glasses. Finally, research directions to overcome the major challenges associated with these glasses for ultimate applications are proposed.
Light‐Stimulated Charge Transport in Bilayer Molecular Junctions for Photodetection
Authors: Saxena Shailendra K. , Smith Scott R. , Supur Mustafa , McCreery Richard L. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractEleven bilayer molecular junctions (MJs) consisting of two different 5–7 nm thick molecular layers between conducting contacts are investigated to determine how orbital energies and optical absorbance spectra of the oligomers affect the photocurrent (PC) response, the direction of photoinduced charge transport, and maximum response wavelength. Photometric sensitivity of 2 mA W−1 and a detection limit of 11 pW are demonstrated for MJs, yielding an internal quantum efficiency of 0.14 electrons per absorbed photon. For unbiased MJs, the PC tracks the absorption spectrum of the molecular layer, and is stable for >5 h of illumination. The organic/organic (O/O) interface between the molecular layers within bilayer MJs is the primary determinant of PC polarity, and the bilayer MJ mechanism is conceptually similar to that of a single O/O heterojunction studied in bilayers of much greater thickness. The charge transport direction of the 11 MJs is completely consistent with hole‐dominated transport of photogenerated carriers. For MJs illuminated while an external bias is applied, the PC greatly exceeds the dark current by factors of 102 to 105, depending on bias, bilayer structure, and wavelength. The bilayer MJs are amenable to flexible substrates, and may have applications as sensitive, wavelength‐specific photodetectors.
Influence of Grain Size on Phase Transitions in Halide Perovskite Films
Authors: Stavrakas Camille , Zelewski Szymon J. , Frohna Kyle , Booker Edward P. , Galkowski Krzysztof , Ji Kangyu , Ruggeri Edoardo , Mackowski Sebastian , Kudrawiec Robert , Plochocka Paulina , Stranks Samuel D. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractGrain size in polycrystalline halide perovskite films is known to have an impact on the optoelectronic properties of the films, but its influence on their soft structural properties and phase transitions is unclear. Here, temperature‐dependent X‐ray diffraction, absorption, and macro‐ and micro‐photoluminescence measurements are used to investigate the tetragonal to orthorhombic phase transition in thin methylammonium lead iodide films with grain sizes ranging from the micrometer scale down to the tens of nanometer scale. It is shown that the phase transition nominally at ≈150 K is increasingly suppressed with decreasing grain size and, in the smallest grains, the first evidence of a phase transition is only seen at temperatures as low as ≈80 K. With decreasing grain size, an increasing magnitude of the hysteresis is also seen in the structural and optoelectronic properties when cooling to, and then upon heating from, 100 K. This work reveals the remarkable sensitivity of the optoelectronic, physical, and phase properties to the local environment of the perovskite structure, which will have large ramifications for phase and defect engineering in operating devices.
Damage to leaf veins suppresses root foraging precision
Authors: Yamawo Akira , Ohsaki Haruna , Cahill James F. 
Published: August 2019

PremisePlants generally increase root growth in areas with high nutrients in heterogeneous soils, a phenomenon called foraging precision. The physiology of this process is not well understood, but it may involve shoot–root signaling via leaf veins. If this is true, then damage to leaf veins, but not to nearby mesophyll, would reduce plant foraging precision.MethodsTo test this hypothesis, we imposed two leaf damage treatments on Plantago asiatica and Prunus jamasakura, removing either the tip of each main vein or mesophyll tissue between the veins with a 3‐mm‐diameter hole punch. After 30 days or 20 weeks of plant growth, we measured root biomass in the soil in response to soil nutrient concentration.ResultsWhen leaf mesophyll was damaged, root biomass of both species was greater in nutrient‐rich patches than in nutrient‐poor patches. However, when leaf veins were damaged, root biomass was similar between patches.ConclusionsThese results suggest the importance of shoot–root signaling in plants, emphasizing that physiological processes are not necessarily restricted to single organs. The idea that herbivores that damage leaf veins may affect a plant's ability to selectively forage in high‐nutrient patches is novel, with implications for natural and managed systems.