bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In search of the link between organizational culture and performance
Authors: Tan Boon-Seng 
Published: May 2019

PurposeThe organizational culture–performance link is fundamental to organization development and building a high-performance culture is a responsibility of leaders. The claim of a culture–performance link is most visible in the 1980s (e.g.In Search of Excellence) but is replaced by skepticism by the 1990s. Using conclusion validity as the framework, the purpose of this paper is to synthesize cross-disciplinary literature in organization studies and the emerging sub-field of organizational economics to lay a foundation to establish the link rigorously.Design/methodology/approachThe drivers of conclusion validity – internal validity, external validity and construct validity – guided the literature search and review. The author began with the concepts of organizational culture and performance, examined the organizational economic literature for the causal culture–performance link (internal validity), reviewed the organization studies literature on the debates in the measurement of organizational culture (external and construct validity) and examined the debate if organizational culture can be managed (internal validity).FindingsOrganizational economics (which conceptualizes organizational culture as shared beliefs) shows that cultures that are more homogeneous, encourage teamwork and have a clear mission, enhance organizational performance. In measuring culture, survey instruments using the process-oriented approach can rely on these results to strengthen their construct validity. In the search for the organizational culture–performance link, non-cultural factors affecting performance have to be included as control variables.Practical implicationsThe weaknesses of early research on the organizational culture–performance link become clear when examined with the conclusion validity framework. This clearness shows the way toward a rigorous empirical analysis.Originality/valueThis review provides guidance for researchers to evaluate published studies on the organizational culture–performance link. It also helps researchers to design new studies with stronger conclusion validity.
Leader–follower pessimism (in)congruence and job satisfaction
Authors: Bunjak Aldijana , Černe Matej , Wong Sut I 
Published: May 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the (in)congruence of leaders’ and followers’ cognitive characteristics (i.e. pessimism), followers’ identification with a leader and job satisfaction.Design/methodology/approachData from 291 working professionals are analyzed, following a series of hierarchical linear modeling and mediated polynomial regression analyses.FindingsPolynomial regression analysis results indicate that alignment (congruence) between leaders’ pessimism and followers’ pessimism, when both are at high levels, is related to low levels of job satisfaction. Further, leader–follower congruence at lower levels of pessimism leads to high levels of job satisfaction through the mediator of followers’ perceived identification with a leader.Originality/valueBy identifying (in)congruence of leader–follower pessimism as a key antecedent, and taking an explanatory mechanism of identification with a leader into account, the authors contribute to disentangling the conceptual paths that underlie the mode by which implicit leadership theory might explain instances of individual job satisfaction.
Diving into emerging economies bottleneck: Industry 4.0 and implications for circular economy
Authors: Cezarino Luciana Oranges , Liboni Lara Bartocci , Oliveira Stefanelli Nelson , Oliveira Bruno Garcia , Stocco Lucas Conde 
Published: May 2019

PurposeIn this paper, the authors aim to explore the relationship between the concepts of Industry 4.0 and circular economy (CE) as a contribution to the management decision on emerging countries. By analyzing the trends of scientific production to ascertain the interface of both constructs, the purpose of this paper is to identify limitations for Industry 4.0 and CE implementation in Brazil, as well to present an original framework and strategic pathways to overcome limitations for emerging countries.Design/methodology/approachSupported in the Brazilian case, the authors draw a framework using the structuralism approach to indicate pathways for the strategic positioning of emerging economies that consider their limitation and potential for competitive advantage. By understanding country-related limitations such as social and economic contingencies, the authors conceive a structure of implications for Brazil’s capacity to develop CE in the digital era.FindingsResults show that Brazil has a reasonable, institutional and stable environment, as well as strong regulatory policies for solid waste that can stimulate CE in the country. However, it requires more communication between actors, especially public and private institutions, performing long-range relationships. Also, the country requires consolidation of industrial policies and investments in the remanufacturing process in the supply chain. Likewise, despite Brazil’s ability to take advantage of CE’s benefits, the country presents a huge lack of qualification to fulfill the competences that the digitization process demands. Economically, Brazil has been fighting against an economic crisis since 2014 that has limited general investments, especially in the industrial sector. Industry presents low performance and decreasing GDP participation, which leads to constant overseas production transfer as a consequence of the workforce’s high costs.Research limitations/implicationsThe authors can affirm that Brazil is far behind developed countries in searching for the capacity to provide CE through technological industrial change. The main problems are related to the lack of articulation of public and private spheres to promote new digital business models. Therefore, the structured framework enables managers and public agents to provide solutions and to properly address supply chain bottlenecks in emerging economies.Originality/valueExploring the relationship between the concepts of Industry 4.0 and CE through the specific lens of the structuralist method, this work can contribute to the management decision on emerging countries, looking into four important perspectives: political, economic, social and technological.
Leveraging Big Data Analytics to Improve Quality of Care in Healthcare Organizations: A Configurational Perspective
Authors: Wang Yichuan , Kung LeeAnn , Gupta Suraksha , Ozdemir Sena 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBig data analytics (BDA) is beneficial for organizations, yet implementing BDA to leverage profitability is fundamental challenge confronting practitioners. Although prior research has explored the impact that BDA has on business growth, there is a lack of research that explains the full complexity of BDA implementations. Examination of how and under what conditions BDA achieves organizational performance from a holistic perspective is absent from the existing literature. Extending the theoretical perspective from the traditional views (e.g. resource‐based theory) to configuration theory, the authors have developed a conceptual model of BDA success that aims to investigate how BDA capabilities interact with complementary organizational resources and organizational capabilities in multiple configuration solutions leading to higher quality of care in healthcare organizations. To test this model, the authors use fuzzy‐set qualitative comparative analysis to analyse multi‐source data acquired from a survey and databases maintained by the Centres for Medicare & Medicaid Services. The findings suggest that BDA, when given alone, is not sufficient in achieving the outcome, but is a synergy effect in which BDA capabilities and analytical personnel's skills together with organizational resources and capabilities as supportive role can improve average excess readmission rates and patient satisfaction in healthcare organizations.
Big Data‐Savvy Teams’ Skills, Big Data‐Driven Actions and Business Performance
Authors: Akhtar Pervaiz , Frynas Jędrzej George , Mellahi Kamel , Ullah Subhan 
Published: May 2019

AbstractPrior studies on big data analytics have emphasized the importance of specific big data skills and capabilities for organizational success; however, they have largely neglected to investigate the use of cross‐functional teams’ skills and links to the role played by relevant data‐driven actions and business performance. Drawing on the resource‐based view (RBV) of the firm and on unique data collected from 240 big data experts working in global agrifood networks, we examine the links between the use of big data‐savvy (BDS) teams’ skills, big data‐driven (BDD) actions and business performance. BDS teams depend on multi‐disciplinary skills (e.g. computing, mathematics, statistics, machine learning and business domain knowledge) that help them turn their traditional business operations into modern data‐driven insights (e.g. knowing real‐time price changes and customer preferences), leading to BDD actions that enhance business performance. Our results, raised from structural equation modelling, indicate that BDS teams’ skills that produce valuable insights are the key determinants for BDD actions, which ultimately contribute to business performance. We further demonstrate that those organizations that emphasize BDD actions perform better compared to those that do not focus on such applications and relevant insights.
Efficacy of Food Safety Training in Commercial Food Service
Authors: McFarland Patricia , Checinska Sielaff Aleksandra , Rasco Barbara , Smith Stephanie 
Published: May 2019

AbstractProper food safety training is essential to decrease incidences and overall rates of foodborne illnesses and outbreaks. Though many commercial restaurants should provide proper food safety training to food handler employees, this training is not always offered or effective. Here, we summarize the results of a primary literature study concerning the effectiveness of food safety training in commercial settings. The literature chosen for review contained only studies with experimental food safety training, with before and after training data. Through evaluation of these studies, the best practice for ensuring effective training and follow‐through were the use of food safety training programs, which incorporated both knowledge and behavior‐based training.Practical ApplicationFood safety managers in food service establishments may consider reevaluating their current food safety training program to incorporate behavioral‐based food safety training in addition to knowledge‐based training.
Analysing the impact of trap shape and movement behaviour of ground‐dwelling arthropods on trap efficiency
Authors: Ahmed Danish A. , Petrovskii Sergei V. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

The most reliable estimates of the population abundance of ground‐dwelling arthropods are obtained almost entirely through trap counts. Trap shape can be easily controlled by the researcher, commonly the same trap design is employed in all sites within a given study. Few researchers really try to compare abundances (numbers of collected individuals) between studies because these are heavily influenced by environmental conditions, e.g. temperature, habitat structure and food sources available, directly affecting insect movement activity.

We propose that useful insights can be obtained from a theoretical‐based approach. We focus on the interplay between trap shape (circle, square, slot), the underlying movement behaviour and the subsequent effect on captures. We simulate trap counts within these different geometries whilst considering movement processes with clear distinct properties, such as Brownian motion (BM), the correlated random walk (CRW) and the Lévy walk (LW).

(a) We find that slot shaped traps are far less efficient than circular or square traps assuming same perimeter length, with differences which can exceed more than two‐fold. Such impacts of trap geometry are only realized if insect mobility is sufficiently large, which is known to significantly vary depending on type of habitat. (b) If the movement pattern incorporates localized forward persistence then trap counts accumulate at a much slower rate, and this rate decreases further with higher persistency. (c) If the movement behaviour is of Lévy type, then fastest catch rates are recorded in the case of circular trap, and the slowest for the slot trap, indicating that trap counts can strongly depend on trap shape. Lévy walks exacerbate the impact of geometry while CRW make these differences more inconsequential.

In this study we reveal trap efficiencies and how movement type can alter capture rates. Such information contributes towards improved trap count interpretations, as required in ecological studies which make use of trapping systems.
A Pilot Study of E‐Cigarette Naïve Cigarette Smokers and the Effects on Craving After Acute Exposure to E‐Cigarettes in the Laboratory
Authors: De La Garza Richard , Shuman Samuel L. , Yammine Luba , Yoon Jin Ho , Salas Ramiro , Holst Manuela 
Published: May 2019

Background and ObjectivesRecent surveys confirm continued increases in the use of electronic‐cigarettes (e‐cigarettes) in adolescents and adults. Users often state that e‐cigarettes reduce tobacco craving and withdrawal symptoms in addition to their smoking. Data from laboratory studies and clinical trials have confirmed these statements, though there are inconsistencies in the outcomes. In this pilot study, we set out to evaluate the effects of e‐cigarettes, as compared to the participants’ own cigarettes, on baseline craving and smoking severity.MethodsUsing a within‐subjects, placebo‐controlled study design, 15 tobacco‐dependent, e‐cigarette naïve participants sustained abstinence overnight. They completed distinct phases of this protocol during four separate study sessions. Participants were randomized to an e‐cigarette device containing one of three doses of nicotine (0, 18, or 36 mg/ml) or their own cigarette. Each study visit was ~3 hours long and separated by at least 7 days. Visits included assessments of craving and smoking severity.ResultsThe data showed that after 10 puffs in both the Own cigarette and e‐cigarette conditions, breath carbon monoxide levels increased significantly in the former but not the latter. Questionnaire of Smoking Urges and Choices to Smoke scores were not statistically different across groups after two distinct bouts of 10 puffs each. Additionally, E‐cigarette Perceptions Questionnaire responses were not significantly different according to dose.Conclusion and Scientific SignificanceThis experiment provides data demonstrating that e‐cigarettes did not reduce craving or smoking severity in e‐cigarette naïve users. However, since this was a pilot study, the conclusions that can be drawn are limited. (Am J Addict 2019;28:361–366)
Sperm can act as vectors for HIV‐1 transmission into vaginal and cervical epithelial cells
Authors: Young Charlene D. , Tatieng Suriya , Kongmanas Kessiri , Fongmoon Duriya , Lomenick Brett , Yoon Alexander J. , Kiattiburut Wongsakorn , Compostella Federica , Faull Kym F. , Suree Nuttee , Angel Jonathan B. , Tanphaichitr Nongnuj 
Published: May 2019

AbstractProblemSperm are the major cells in semen. Human sperm possess a number of HIV‐1 gp120 binding ligands including sulfogalactosylglycerolipid (SGG). However, the mechanisms of how sperm capture HIV‐1 onto their surface are unclear. Furthermore, the ability of sperm to deliver HIV‐1 to vaginal/cervical epithelial cells lining the lower female reproductive tract, as a first step in HIV‐1 transmission, needs to be determined.Method of studySperm from healthy donors were incubated with dual‐tropic HIV‐1CS204 (clinical isolate), and virus capture was determined by p24 antigen ELISA. The involvement of SGG in HIV‐1 capture was assessed by determining Kd values of HIV‐1 gp120‐SGG binding as well as computational docking of SGG to the gp120 V3 loop. The ability of sperm‐associated HIV‐1 to infect peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and TZM‐bl indicator cells was determined. Lastly, infection of vaginal (Vk2/E6E7), ectocervical (Ect1/E6E7), and endocervical (End1/E6E7) epithelial cells mediated by HIV‐1–associated sperm was evaluated.ResultsSperm were able to capture HIV‐1 in a dose‐dependent manner, and the capture reached a maximum within 5 minutes. Captured HIV‐1, however, could be removed from sperm by Percoll‐gradient centrifugation. Affinity of gp120 for SGG was substantial, implicating sperm SGG in HIV‐1 capture. Sperm‐associated HIV‐1 could productively infect PBMCs and TZM‐bl cells, and was capable of being transmitted into vaginal/cervical epithelial cells.ConclusionSperm are able to capture HIV‐1, which remains infectious and is able to be transmitted into vaginal/cervical epithelial cells, a result indicating the importance of sperm in HIV transmission.
Short‐ and long‐term outcomes of selective pelvic exenteration surgery in a low‐volume specialized tertiary setting
Authors: Humphries Emily L. , Kroon Hidde M. , Dudi‐Venkata Nagendra N. , Thomas Michelle L. , Moore James W. , Sammour Tarik 
Published: May 2019

BackgroundMost published data on pelvic exenteration comes from high‐volume quaternary units, with limited data available from outside of this setting. This study reports outcomes of selective pelvic exenteration performed in a low‐volume tertiary unit with multidisciplinary support.MethodsA retrospective review of consecutive patients who underwent pelvic exenteration surgery for rectal/anal carcinoma, or gynaecological malignancy at Royal Adelaide Hospital between June 2008 and September 2018. Descriptive statistics and Kaplan–Meier analysis of 5‐year disease‐free and overall survival for patients treated with curative intent were performed.ResultsA total of 54 patients who underwent pelvic exenteration were included. Most patients presented with primary rectal adenocarcinoma, and posterior and total pelvic exenterations were the most common operations performed (>90%). Median total operating time was 323 min, median hospital stay was 15 days, and the readmission rate was 14.8%. The overall complication rate (per patient) was 70.4%, and the re‐intervention rate was 20.4%. Thirteen percent of patients required intensive care unit‐admission, and there was one postoperative death (1.9%). R0 resection margins were achieved in 81.5% of patients, with R1 and R2 margins in 13.0 and 5.6% of patients, respectively. Estimated 5‐year disease‐free survival was 38.8%, and 5‐year overall survival was 65.7%.ConclusionShort‐ and long‐term outcomes of selective pelvic exenteration surgery are acceptable in a low‐volume specialized tertiary setting with suitable multidisciplinary expertise. If the required expertise is not readily available, then outside referral is recommended.
Experimental investigation of the flow downstream of a dysfunctional bileaflet mechanical aortic valve
Authors: Darwish Ahmed , Di Labbio Giuseppe , Saleh Wael , Smadi Othman , Kadem Lyes 
Published: May 2019

AbstractMechanical heart valve replacement is the preferred alternative in younger patients with severe symptomatic aortic valve disease. However, thrombus and pannus formations are common complications associated with bileaflet mechanical heart valves. This leads to risks of valve leaflet dysfunction, a life‐threatening event. In this experimental study, we investigate, using time‐resolved planar particle image velocimetry, the flow characteristics in the ascending aorta in the presence of a dysfunctional bileaflet mechanical heart valve. Several configurations of leaflet dysfunction are investigated and the induced flow disturbances in terms of velocity fields, viscous energy dissipation, wall shear stress, and accumulation of viscous shear stresses are evaluated. We also explore the ability of a new set of parameters, solely based on the analysis of the normalized axial velocity profiles in the ascending aorta, to detect bileaflet mechanical heart valve dysfunction and differentiate between the different configurations tested in this study. Our results show that a bileaflet mechanical heart valve dysfunction leads to a complex spectrum of flow disturbances with each flow characteristic evaluated having its own worst case scenario in terms of dysfunction configuration. We also show that the suggested approach based on the analysis of the normalized axial velocity profiles in the ascending aorta has the potential to clearly discriminate not only between normal and dysfunctional bilealfet heart valves but also between the different leaflet dysfunction configurations. This approach could be easily implemented using phase‐contrast MRI to follow up patients with bileaflet mechanical heart valves.
Tissue engineering scaffolds in the treatment of brain disorders in geriatric patients
Authors: Dehqan Niri Alireza , Karimi Zarchi Ali Akbar , Ghadiri Harati Parisa , Salimi Ali , Mujokoro Basil 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe world population is ageing at an alarming rate, currently increasing at around 3% per year for people over 60 years. This fast growing demography is largely unproductive and prone to many brain disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and brain tumors. Currently available treatment modalities are inadequate to stop neural degeneration or to completely eradicate cancer cells. Exogenously engineered scaffolds hold great potential for in vivo brain regeneration and functional restoration. Ideally, scaffolds for brain tissue engineering should be biocompatible, non‐toxic, and electroactive with the ability to encourage neural elongation. These scaffolds have been successfully fabricated from a wide range of materials and techniques. Different types of stem cells have also been investigated for their ability to differentiate to nerve or glial tissue. The success of tissue engineering can thus be envisioned as a panacea for “retooling” of both individual’s ability and for immense long‐term benefit of society.
Factors that confound the prediction of renal medullary oxygenation and risk of acute kidney injury from measurement of bladder urine oxygen tension
Authors: Ngo Jennifer P. , Lankadeva Yugeesh R. , Zhu Michael Z. L. , Martin Andrew , Kanki Monica , Cochrane Andrew D. , Smith Julian A. , Thrift Amanda G. , May Clive N. , Evans Roger G. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAimUrinary oxygen tension (uPO2) may provide an estimate of renal medullary PO2 (mPO2) and thus risk of acute kidney injury (AKI). We assessed the potential for variations in urine flow and arterial PO2 (aPO2) to confound these estimates.MethodsIn 28 sheep urine flow, uPO2, aPO2 and mPO2 were measured during development of septic AKI. In 65 human patients undergoing cardiac surgery requiring cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) uPO2 and aPO2 were measured continuously during CPB, and in a subset of 20 patients, urine flow was estimated every 5 minutes.ResultsIn conscious sheep breathing room air, uPO2 was more closely correlated with mPO2 than with aPO2 or urine flow. The difference between mPO2 and uPO2 varied little with urine flow or aPO2. In patients, urine flow increased abruptly from 3.42 ± 0.29 mL min−1 to 6.94 ± 0.26 mL min−1 upon commencement of CPB, usually coincident with reduced uPO2. During hyperoxic CPB high values of uPO2 were often observed at low urine flow. Low urinary PO2 during CPB (<10 mm Hg at any time during CPB) was associated with greater (4.5‐fold) risk of AKI. However, low urine flow during CPB was not significantly associated with risk of AKI.ConclusionsuPO2 provides a robust estimate of mPO2, but this relationship is confounded by the simultaneous presence of systemic hyperoxia and low urine flow. Urine flow increases and uPO2 decreases during CPB. Thus, CPB is probably the best time to use uPO2 to detect renal medullary hypoxia and risk of post‐operative AKI.