bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of concentration change of calcium ions over time on their diffusion through sandstone
Authors: Kobetičová K , Medveď I , Keppert M , Černý R 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Diffusion is one of the most important salt transport mechanisms. The knowledge of the rate of transport of ions in the pore system of building materials is thus of primary importance for their service life prediction. In this paper, the transport of Ca2+ in sandstone Mšené was studied as a model system; two types of experiment were performed: a) without addition of Ca2+ ions for the achievement of original initial concentration and b) continuous addition of Ca2+ ions. The experiment was performed under laboratory conditions in a two-side plexiglass box at the ambient temperature of (20±2) °C for a period of 426 hours. Calcium concentrations were analyzed chelatometrically.
AC electrical properties of geopolymers with carbon black admixture
Authors: Petříková M , Fiala L 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Geopolymers as competitors to the cement-based construction materials are intensively studied in the present. Their competitiveness mainly arises from their high strength, favourable development of hydration heat at early age, good chemical resistance and thermal stability. Further qualitative improvement of functional properties can be achieved by adding electrically conductive admixtures. In an appropriate amount (called percolation threshold), mechanical properties remain reasonable and electrical properties become sufficient to ensure evolution of heat by acting of an external power source (self-heating), to detect material damage (self-sensing) or to harvest thermoelectric energy (energy harvesting). In this paper three geopolymers with different dosages of carbon black (CB) admixture (0 wt. %, 4 wt. %, 10 wt. %) were studied by means of LCR bridge AC measurements. It was observed significant difference in electrical behavior of the studied geopolymers. 0 wt. % geopolymer exhibited highly capacitive character, 4 wt. % geopolymer was slightly shifted to resistive behavior and 10 wt. % geopolymer behaved like resistor even to high frequencies with reasonable resistance which indicates its possible self-heating ability.
Utilization of hydrophilic cellulose fibers for preparation of plaster with enhanced moisture control capability
Authors: Fort J , Kocí J , Vejmelkova E , Dolozelova M , Cerny R 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The relative humidity is one of the most important parameters having a substantial impact on ambient climate comfort. The negative effects induced by undesired levels of relative humidity in building interiors are related not only to a deterioration of materials but also to a potential health risk for building occupants. In the recent paper, a traditional lime plaster is modified by biomass fly ash and hydrophilic cellulose fiber admixture to improve material durability and provide material with enhanced capability for the moderation of ambient relative humidity. Within the experimental analysis, the basic material properties, as well as mechanical strength of designed plaster, is determined. The moisture buffer potential of all designed plasters is evaluated according to the Nordtest test procedure. Obtained results show that the application of cellulose fibers has a synergic effect on both improvements of the potential of studied plaster for passive adjustment of interior relative humidity and mechanical strength.
The ageing effect of raw materials on the final properties of high alumina refractory grog
Authors: Zemánek D , Nevřivová L 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
High alumina ceramics is a part of the refractory ceramics in SiO2-Al2O3 binary system. The aim of this paper is to characterize the effect of ageing raw materials and its influence on final properties of fired refractory grog. Refractory grog is very important component in production of refractory materials, such as fireclay, mullite and andalusite bricks. Refractory grog is manufactured generally from clay, claystone and kaolin, nowadays is mainly burnt in rotary and shaft kilns. The primary objective of this article is to determine an influence of ageing effect, which has impact on mineralogical composition of raw material which obviously results in different mineralogical composition of fired grog. Raw material with different age was used for the mixtures and properties of fired samples were investigated, considering the influence of the raw materials mixtures. Specifically, the apparent porosity, water absorption, bulk density, apparent porosity, mineralogical composition and pore distribution were investigated.
Vacuum radiation and frequency-mixing in linear light-matter systems
Authors: Westerberg Niclas , Prain Angus , Faccio Daniele , Öhberg Patrik 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Recent progress in photonics has led to a renewed interest in time-varying media that change on timescales comparable to the optical wave oscillation time. However, these studies typically overlook the role of material dispersion that will necessarily imply a delayed temporal response or, stated alternatively, a memory effect. We investigate the influence of the medium memory on a specific effect, i.e. the excitation of quantum vacuum radiation due to the temporal modulation. We construct a framework which reduces the problem to single-particle quantum mechanics, which we then use to study the quantum vacuum radiation. We find that the delayed temporal response changes the vacuum emission properties drastically: frequencies mix, something typically associated with nonlinear processes, despite the system being completely linear. Indeed, this effect is related to the parametric resonances of the light-matter system, and to the parametric driving of the system by frequencies present locally in the drive but not in its spectrum.
Predicting medication-associated altered mental status in hospitalized patients: Development and validation of a risk model
Authors: Muñoz Monica A , Jeon Nakyung , Staley Benjamin , Henriksen Carl , Xu Dandan , Weberpals Janick , Winterstein Almut G 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Purpose
This study presents a medication-associated altered mental status (AMS) risk model for real-time implementation in inpatient electronic health record (EHR) systems.

Methods
We utilized a retrospective cohort of patients admitted to 2 large hospitals between January 2012 and October 2013. The study population included admitted patients aged ≥18 years with exposure to an AMS risk–inducing medication within the first 5 hospitalization days. AMS events were identified by a measurable mental status change documented in the EHR in conjunction with the administration of an atypical antipsychotic or haloperidol. AMS risk factors and AMS risk–inducing medications were identified from the literature, drug information databases, and expert opinion. We used multivariate logistic regression with a full and backward eliminated set of risk factors to predict AMS. The final model was validated with 100 bootstrap samples.

Results
During 194,156 at-risk days for 66,875 admissions, 262 medication-associated AMS events occurred (an event rate of 0.13%). The strongest predictors included a history of AMS (odds ratio [OR], 9.55; 95% confidence interval [CI], 5.64–16.17), alcohol withdrawal (OR, 3.34; 95% CI, 2.18–5.13), history of delirium or psychosis (OR, 3.25; 95% CI, 2.39–4.40), presence in the intensive care unit (OR, 2.53; 95% CI, 1.89–3.39), and hypernatremia (OR, 2.40; 95% CI, 1.61–3.56). With a C statistic of 0.85, among patients scoring in the 90th percentile, our model captured 159 AMS events (60.7%).

Conclusion
The risk model was demonstrated to have good predictive ability, with all risk factors operationalized from discrete EHR fields. The real-time identification of higher-risk patients would allow pharmacists to prioritize surveillance, thus allowing early management of precipitating factors.
Migrants at the Center: Expulsion Regimes, Self-Representation, and Translocal Lives
Authors: Kandiyoti Dalia 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAna Raquel Minian’s Undocumented Lives: The Untold Story of Mexican Migration (2018) and Rebecca M. Schreiber’s The Undocumented Everyday: Migrant Lives and the Politics of Visibility (2018) ably demonstrate how the analysis of oral and visual self-representation of undocumented people is crucial to understanding the dynamics of and the resistances to their surveillance, exclusion, and expulsion. Through oral historical, archival, and field research, they examine how historical and current policies that have shaped, and, often, diminished or devastated the lives of migrants’ and those of their families across borders. Significantly, the authors do dual work in highlighting migrants’ own feelings, ideas, aesthetics, and actions regarding their condition as well as rigorously exploring practices and policies at federal and local levels and their transnational impact. In doing so, Minian and Schreiber also debunk certain myths about migrants’ silence and hiding as a permanent and universal position and the politics of recognition and visibility as a route to a more just world.
SMAD-dependent signaling mediates morphogenetic protein 6-induced stimulation of connective tissue growth factor in luteinized human granulosa cells†
Authors: Liu Shuang , Chang Hsun-Ming , Yi Yuyin , Yao Yuan-Qing , Leung Peter C K 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Connective tissue growth factor (also known as CTGF or CCN2) is a secreted matricellular protein that belongs to the CCN family. With wide-ranging biological activities and tissue expression patterns, CTGF plays a critical role in regulating various cellular functions. In the female reproductive system, CTGF is highly expressed in granulosa cells in growing ovarian follicles and is involved in the regulation of follicular development, ovulation, and luteal function. In the mammalian ovary, bone morphogenetic protein 6 (BMP6) is an important intraovarian modulator of follicular development. In this study, we demonstrated that BMP6 treatment significantly increased the expression of CTGF in both primary and immortalized human granulosa cells. Using both pharmacological inhibitors and Small interfering RNA-mediated knockdown approaches, we showed that ALK2 and ALK3 type I receptors are required for BMP6-induced cellular activities. Furthermore, this effect is most likely mediated by a Sma- and Mad-related protein (SMAD)-dependent pathway. Our studies provide novel insight into the molecular mechanisms by which an intraovarian growth factor affects the production of another factor via a paracrine effect in human granulosa cells.
The phylogenomics of diversification on an island: applying anchored hybrid enrichment to New Zealand Leptospermum scoparium (Myrtaceae)
Authors: Buys Matt H , Winkworth Richard C , de Lange Peter J , Wilson Peter G , Mitchell Nora , Lemmon Alan R , Moriarty Lemmon Emily , Holland Sean , Cherry Jesse R , Klápště Jaroslav 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Leptospermum scoparium (Myrtaceae) is a morphologically highly variable species found in mainland Australia, Tasmania and New Zealand. For example, in New Zealand up to six morphologically distinct varieties of this species have been described, although only two (var. scoparium and var. incanum) are now formally recognized. In the present study we provide a first examination of genetic diversity in this culturally and commercially important species with the aim of gaining insights into its origins and evolution. We used anchored hybrid enrichment to acquire sequence data from 485 orthologous low-copy nuclear loci for 27 New Zealand and three Australian accessions of L. scoparium and representatives of several other Leptospermum spp. The final concatenated data matrix contained 421 687 nucleotide positions of which 55 102 were potentially informative. Despite the relative large data set, our analyses suggest that a combination of low and incompatible data signal limits the resolution of relationships among New Zealand populations of L. scoparium. Nevertheless, our analyses are consistent with genetic diversity being geographically structured, with three groups of L. scoparium recovered. We discuss the evolutionary and taxonomic implications of our findings.
Cross-transmission Is Not the Source of New Mycobacterium abscessus Infections in a Multicenter Cohort of Cystic Fibrosis Patients
Authors: Doyle Ronan M , Rubio Marc , Dixon Garth , Hartley John , Klein Nigel , Coll Pere , Harris Kathryn A 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Background
Mycobacterium abscessus is an extensively drug–resistant pathogen that causes pulmonary disease, particularly in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. Identifying direct patient-to-patient transmission of M. abscessus is critically important in directing an infection control policy for the management of risk in CF patients. A variety of clinical labs have used molecular epidemiology to investigate transmission. However, there is still conflicting evidence as to how M. abscessus is acquired and whether cross-transmission occurs. Recently, labs have applied whole-genome sequencing (WGS) to investigate this further and, in this study, we investigated whether WGS can reliably identify cross-transmission in M. abscessus.

Methods
We retrospectively sequenced the whole genomes of 145 M. abscessus isolates from 62 patients, seen at 4 hospitals in 2 countries over 16 years.

Results
We have shown that a comparison of a fixed number of core single nucleotide variants alone cannot be used to infer cross-transmission in M. abscessus but does provide enough information to replace multiple existing molecular assays. We detected 1 episode of possible direct patient-to-patient transmission in a sibling pair. We found that patients acquired unique M. abscessus strains even after spending considerable time on the same wards with other M. abscessus–positive patients.

Conclusions
This novel analysis has demonstrated that the majority of patients in this study have not acquired M. abscessus through direct patient-to-patient transmission or a common reservoir. Tracking transmission using WGS will only realize its full potential with proper environmental screening, as well as patient sampling.
Measuring the pulse of trees; using the vascular system to predict tree mortality in the 21st century
Authors: Brodribb Timothy J , Cochard Herve , Dominguez Celia Rodriguez 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Tree mortality during hot and dry conditions presents a stark reminder of the vulnerability of plant species to climatic extremes. The current global warming trend makes predicting the impacts of hot/dry events on species survival an urgent task; yet, the standard tools for this purpose lack a physiological basis. This review examines a diversity of recent evidence demonstrating how physiological attributes of plant vascular systems can explain not only why trees die during drought, but also their distributional limits according to rainfall. These important advances in the science of plant water transport physiology provide the basis for new hydraulic models that can provide credible predictions of not only how but when, where and which species will be impacted by changes in rainfall and temperature in the future. Applying a recently developed hydraulic model using realistic parameters, we show that even apparently safe mesic forest in central France is predicted to experience major forest mortality before the end of the century.
Immunometabolism and atherosclerosis: perspectives and clinical significance: a position paper from the Working Group on Atherosclerosis and Vascular Biology of the European Society of Cardiology
Authors: Ketelhuth Daniel F J , Lutgens Esther , Bäck Magnus , Binder Christoph J , Van den Bossche Jan , Daniel Carolin , Dumitriu Ingrid E , Hoefer Imo , Libby Peter , O’Neill Luke , Weber Christian , Evans Paul C 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Inflammation is an important driver of atherosclerosis, and the favourable outcomes of the Canakinumab Anti-inflammatory Thrombosis Outcome Study (CANTOS) trial revealed the large potential of anti-inflammatory drugs for the treatment of cardiovascular disease, especially in patients with a pro-inflammatory constitution. However, the complex immune reactions driving inflammation in the vascular wall in response to an atherosclerotic microenvironment are still being unravelled. Novel insights into the cellular processes driving immunity and inflammation revealed that alterations in intracellular metabolic pathways are strong drivers of survival, growth, and function of immune cells. Therefore, this position paper presents a brief overview of the recent developments in the immunometabolism field, focusing on its role in atherosclerosis. We will also highlight the potential impact of immunometabolic markers and targets in clinical cardiovascular medicine.
A Technology-based Intervention to Increase Reading Comprehension of Morphosyntax Structures
Authors: Cannon Joanna E , Hubley Anita M , O’Loughlin Julia I , Phelan Lauren , Norman Nancy , Finley Alayna 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of a technology-based intervention (LanguageLinks: Syntax Assessment and Intervention®; Laureate Learning Systems, Inc., 2013) to improve reading comprehension for d/Deaf and hard of hearing (DHH) elementary students. The intervention was a self-paced, interactive program designed to scaffold learning of morphosyntax structures. Participants included 37 DHH students with moderate to profound hearing levels, 7–12 years of age, in Grades 2–6. Assessment data were collected pre- and post- an 8-week intervention using a randomized control trial methodology. Findings indicate the intervention did not appear to be effective in improving performance, and 17 out of 36 morphosyntax structures were found difficult to comprehend for participants in the treatment group. These difficult structures included aspects of pronominalization, the verbal system, and number in nouns. Results are compared to previous research, with recommendations for future areas of research related to increasing knowledge of morphosyntax for learners who are DHH.
Lightning-induced pacing system malfunction: a case report
Authors: Obszański Bogdan , Tułecki Łukasz , Kutarski Andrzej , Kleinrok Andrzej 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Background
Atmospheric electrical discharge is an extremely powerful natural phenomenon which can have dangerous and lethal effects on the human body. However, there is no evidence to indicate whether and, if so, to what extent the electric current travelling through the body can affect proper pacemaker function.

Case summary
An 80-year-old patient admitted to emergency department after being struck by a lightning bolt while riding a bike. The patient had a DDD pacemaker implanted 4 years prior to the incident. The ECG on admission depicted pacemaker spikes and native sinus rhythm at 50–60 b.p.m. On the 3rd day after admission the patient developed recurrent pacing-induced tachycardia. Pacemaker interrogation showed high pacing thresholds (failure to pace in the atrial channel). When the patient’s condition stabilized she was transferred to the tertiary hospital for transcutaneous lead extraction. The extracted pacing system was sent to Biotronik for thorough evaluation.

Discussion
Injuries due to a lightning strike are considered a rare occurrence but being struck by lightning with a pacemaker or an ICD is even less common. In the present case, the cause of cardiac arrhythmia was most probably electrical burn at the endocardial-electrode interface and a sudden elevation of the pacing threshold leading to transient pacing failure in both PM channels. To the best of our knowledge, in this case presentation we first described permanent lightning-induced pacemaker dysfunction.
Biodegradable polymer drug-eluting stent vs. contemporary durable polymer drug-eluting stents in patients with diabetes: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Bavishi Chirag , Chugh Yashasvi , Kimura Takeshi , Natsuaki Masahiro , Kaiser Christoph , Gordon Paul , Aronow Herbert D , Abbott Jinnette Dawn 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Aims
The biodegradable polymer drug-eluting stents (BP-DES) offer controlled drug elution and complete degradation of the polymer over time, eventually lowering the risk for chronic inflammation and neoatherosclerosis, which can be particularly helpful in patients with diabetes. While BP-DES and durable polymer drug-eluting stents (DP-DES) have demonstrated comparable efficacy in all-comers population, their efficacy and safety in patients with diabetes remains uncertain.

Methods and results
Electronic databases were systematically searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing BP-DES with contemporary DP-DES in patients with diabetes. Study investigators were contacted to obtain additional data. The primary outcome was efficacy in terms of target-vessel revascularization (TVR) and target-lesion revascularization (TLR). We also evaluated the following safety outcomes separately: all-cause mortality, cardiac mortality, myocardial infarction (MI), and definite or probable stent thrombosis. Eleven RCTs including 5190 diabetic patients were included. At the longest available follow-up (mean 2.7 years), there was no significant difference in TLR [relative risk (RR): 1.02, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.85–1.24; P = 0.80] or TVR (RR: 1.04, 95% CI: 0.81–1.34; P = 0.76). Safety outcomes of all-cause mortality, cardiac mortality, and MI were similar between the two groups. Stent thrombosis rates were also similar between BP-DES and DP-DES groups (1.66% vs. 1.83%; RR: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.54–1.31; P = 0.45). The heterogeneity was low and fixed-effect model yielded similar results. Meta-regression analysis showed no relationship between insulin requiring diabetes and difference in TLR or stent thrombosis between BP-DES and DP-DES.

Conclusion
Overall, BP-DESs have similar safety and efficacy profiles compared to contemporary DP-DES in patients with diabetes.
Development and acceptability of a peer-paired, cross-cultural and cross-generational storytelling HPV intervention for Korean American college women
Authors: Kim Minjin , Lee Haeok , Kiang Peter , Allison Jeroan 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Although Korean American women have a higher risk of developing cervical cancer, currently there are limited culturally relevant intervention strategies for improving primary prevention of cervical cancer by promoting HPV vaccination in this population. This study reports the development of a cross-cultural, cross-generational storytelling HPV intervention using a peer-paired method, in which two storytellers interactively share their stories, as a particular innovation that might resonate with Korean American young women. The acceptability of the intervention was assessed by self-reported satisfaction and endorsement with the intervention in a pilot randomized control trial (RCT). We compared participants’ responses to the intervention by their generation and cultural identity. One hundred and four Korean college women between the ages of 18–26 were recruited from the Northeastern US Participants randomized to the intervention group received a storytelling video (n = 54); the comparison group received written information (n = 50). The acceptability of the intervention was measured immediately post-intervention. The intervention group had significantly greater satisfaction than the comparison group (P < 0.05). Participants reported greater endorsement for videos that reflected their cultural and generational experiences. Future study is needed to examine the impact of such interventions on objective follow-up on HPV vaccination in a large-scale RCT.