bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combined use of xenogeneic bone substitute material covered with a native bilayer collagen membrane for alveolar ridge preservation: A randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Jung Ronald E. , Sapata Vitor M. , Hämmerle Christoph H. F. , Wu Hui , Hu Xiu‐lian , Lin Ye 
Published: April 2018

AbstractAimThe aim of this split‐mouth randomized controlled study was to evaluate radiographic dimensional changes after tooth extraction in posterior sites treated with a ridge preservation technique or left for spontaneous healing.Materials and MethodsIn a total of 18 patients, tooth extraction in posterior sites of the upper and lower jaw was performed in a split‐mouth design. The post‐extraction sockets were randomly assigned to the following two treatment modalities: deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) with 10% collagen (DBBM‐C) covered with a native bilayer collagen membrane (NBCM) (test group) and spontaneous healing (control group). Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans were performed after extractions, 3 and 6 months later. The following parameters were measured: the height of the buccal bone plate (BH), height of the palatal bone plate (PH), horizontal width of the extraction socket at 1 mm, 3 mm, and 5 mm (HW‐1, HW‐3, HW‐5), and the horizontal width (thickness) of the buccal bone plate at 1 mm, 3 mm, and 5 mm (BHP‐1, BHP‐3, BHP‐5). Statistical analysis was performed applying a nonparametric Wilcoxon signed‐rank test.ResultsThe CBCT analysis showed a bone loss compared to baseline in test and control group. The measurements which have reached statistically significant differences at 6 months were BH (test: −2.31% vs control: −13.11%), PH (test: −2.07% vs control: −15.32%), HW‐1 (test: −17.14% vs control: −32.47%), and HW‐3 (test: −11.65% vs control: −28.47%).ConclusionsThe posterior ridge preservation technique using DBBM‐C covered with a NBCM is a valid approach reducing the amount of the radiographic loss in alveolar ridge dimensions.
Specific barrier response profiles after experimentally induced skin irritation in vivo
Authors: Soltanipoor Maryam , Stilla Tasja , Riethmüller Christoph , Thyssen Jacob P. , Sluiter Judith K. , Rustemeyer Thomas , Fischer Tobias W. , Kezic Sanja , Angelova‐Fischer Irena 
Published: April 2018

BackgroundRecently, natural moisturizing factors (NMFs) and corneocyte surface topography were suggested as biomarkers for irritant dermatitis.ObjectivesTo investigate how exposure to different irritants influences corneocyte surface topography, NMF levels and the barrier function of human skin in vivo.MethodsEight healthy adult volunteers were exposed to aqueous solutions of 60% n‐propanol, 0.5% sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), 0.15% sodium hydroxide, and 2.0% acetic acid, and distilled water, in a repeated irritation test over a period of 96 hours. Erythema, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), skin hydration, the dermal texture index (DTI) and NMF levels were measured at baseline, and after 24 and 96 hours.ResultsSLS and sodium hydroxide had the most pronounced effects on erythema and TEWL. Although n‐propanol caused only slight changes in TEWL and erythema, it showed pronounced effects on skin hydration, NMF levels, and the DTI. NMF was the only parameter that was significantly altered by all investigated irritants. The changes in the DTI were inversely associated with NMF levels and skin hydration.ConclusionSkin barrier impairment and the inflammatory response are irritant‐specific, emphasizing the need for a multiparametric approach to the study of skin irritation. NMF levels seem to be the most sensitive parameter in detecting irritant‐induced skin barrier alterations.
Presenteeism in a Dutch hand eczema population—a cross‐sectional survey
Authors: Oosterhaven Jart A. F. , Flach Peter A. , Bültmann Ute , Schuttelaar Marie L. A. 
Published: April 2018

BackgroundPresenteeism (attending work despite complaints and ill health, which should prompt rest and absence) has been overlooked in the field of hand eczema.ObjectivesTo examine the 1‐year prevalence of presenteeism related to hand eczema in a population of hand eczema patients who visited a tertiary referral centre. Secondary objectives: to identify intrinsic/extrinsic reasons for presenteeism and to evaluate associated factors.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional questionnaire study. Presenteeism was defined as “going to work despite feeling you should have taken sick leave because of hand eczema”. Respondents answered questions about socio‐demographic factors, clinical features, occupational characteristics, and hand eczema related to occupational exposure.ResultsForty‐one per cent (141/346) of patients who had both worked and had hand eczema during the past 12 months reported presenteeism. The most often reported reasons were: “Because I do not want to give in to my impairment/weakness” (46%) and “Because I enjoy my work” (40%). Presenteeism was associated with: mean hand eczema severity; absenteeism because of hand eczema; improvement of hand eczema when away from work; and high‐risk occupations.ConclusionsIn this study, presenteeism was common and predominantly observed in patients with more severe hand eczema and occupational exposure. The most frequently reported reasons for presenteeism were of an intrinsic nature.
Outcome of pediatric heart transplantation in blood culture positive donors in the United States
Authors: Amdani Shahnawaz M. , Du Wei , Aggarwal Sanjeev 
Published: April 2018

AbstractActive donor infection at the time of organ procurement poses a potential infection risk and may increase post‐transplant morbidity and mortality in recipients. Our hypothesis was that pediatric heart transplant recipients from blood culture positive donors (BCPD) would have increased morbidity and mortality compared to non‐blood culture positive donors (NBCPD). A retrospective analysis of pediatric heart transplant recipients using the organ procurement and transplant network (OPTN) between 1987 and 2015 was conducted. Recipient as well as donor data were analyzed. Propensity score matching with 1:2 ratios was performed for recipient variables. Post‐transplant morbidity and mortality were compared for recipients of BCPD and NBCPD. Among 9618 heart transplant recipients, 450 (4.7%) were from culture positive donors. Recipients of BCPD had longer duration of listing as Status 1; diagnosis of congenital heart disease or restrictive cardiomyopathy and required support (IV inotropes, Inhaled NO and LVAD) prior to transplant. Post‐transplant survival between the 2 groups was not different. Propensity‐matched recipients had similar length of stay; stroke rate; need for dialysis; pacemaker implantation and treated rejection episodes in the first year post‐transplant. Careful acceptance of BCPD may have the potential to increase availability of donor hearts in the pediatric population.
Maternal vitamin D and markers of glycaemia during pregnancy in the Belfast centre of the Hyperglycaemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome study
Authors: Casey C. , McGinty A. , Holmes V. A. , Hill A. J. , Patterson C. C. , Young I. S. , McCance D. R. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractAimsTo measure total 25‐hydroxyvitamin D levels in women in mid‐pregnancy who participated in the Belfast centre of the Hyperglycaemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome (HAPO) observational study, and to investigate the associations between levels of 25‐hydroxyvitamin D and markers of gestational diabetes mellitus and lipid biomarkers.MethodsA total of 1585 pregnant women had serum samples available for measurement. Participants were recruited from the Royal Jubilee Maternity Hospital, Belfast, Northern Ireland, at 24–32 weeks’ gestation, as part of the HAPO study. 25‐hydroxyvitamin D concentrations were measured using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Glucose, C‐peptide and lipid levels were previously analysed in a central laboratory. Statistical analysis was performed.ResultsThe median (interquartile range) 25‐hydroxyvitamin D concentration during pregnancy was 38.6 (24.1–60.7) nmol/l, with 65.8% of women being vitamin D‐deficient (≤50 nmol/l). In regression analysis, the association between maternal 25‐hydroxyvitamin D and fasting plasma glucose levels approached significance [regression coefficient –0.017 (95% CI –0.034 to 0.001); P=0.06], and a significant positive association was observed between maternal 25‐hydroxyvitamin D and β‐cell function [1.013 (95% CI 1.001 to 1.024); P=0.031]. Maternal 25‐hydroxyvitamin D level was positively associated with HDL [0.047 (95% CI 0.021 to 0.073) P≤ 0.001] and total cholesterol [0.085 (95% CI 0.002 to 0.167); P=0.044] in regression analysis.ConclusionsThese results indicate a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy, which requires identification and treatment; however, only weak associations were observed between 25‐hydroxyvitamin D level and markers of glucose and insulin metabolism. This would suggest that these are of doubtful clinical significance.
Teaching Line Balancing through Active and Blended Learning*
Authors: Bayley Tiffany , Hurst Ada 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACTThe design of balanced assembly lines, especially when considering workforce, material, and cycle time factors, is an important managerial decision‐making activity in manufacturing firms. Numerous active learning activities are available to assist instructors in teaching assembly line balancing to students. While effective in improving student engagement, they require considerable planning and expense on the part of instructors, and they may be difficult to implement in inflexible teaching spaces and lecture‐oriented curricula. We present a new approach to teaching line balancing using online videos depicting an assembly process. Students design an assembly line by determining themselves how to separate and time tasks, rather than by modifying an existing configuration. To save valuable classroom time, students complete a portion of the activity outside of class. This blended learning approach allows for all students to be engaged in the activity, both in and out of class. Furthermore, a controlled study showed that compared to the traditional lecture format, it better equips students to address less tangible aspects of line balancing, such as ergonomic and workforce factors, material handling considerations, and changing cycle time. With the online content for this activity completely developed and available, other instructors can easily implement this approach within their courses.
An unusual cause of gastrointestinal bleeding in a hemodialysis patient
Authors: Aron Julien , Couturier Aymeric , Sinayoko Leila , Duedal Viviane , Ridel Christophe , Touzot Maxime 
Published: April 2018

AbstractIron deficiency caused by gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding is a common cause of anemia in hemodialysis patient. Herein, we report the case of an 89‐year‐old hemodialysis patient who presented with acute anemia and melena. Endoscopy found gastritis and diverticulosis without active bleeding. A capsule endoscopy (CE) was then performed and revealed multiple vascular lesions that lead to the diagnosis of Blue Rubber Bleb Nevus syndrome (BRBNS). This rare disease is associated with multiple venous malformations in the skin and the GI tract, usually observed in children. The patient developed 4 months latter 2 skin lesions compatible with BRBNS. Treatment included blood transfusion and intravenous iron supplementation. We reported an unusual presentation of venous malformation BRBS which differs from angioectasia, in an adult hemodialysis patient. Overall prognosis is good
A discontinuity in the late Pleistocene alluvial deposits, Hwacheon‐ri, Gyeongju, Korea: Occurrences and paleoenvironmental implication
Authors: Lee Hoil , Paik In Sung , Kim Hyun Joo , Kang Hee‐Cheol , Seol Won Gyeong , Lee Jin‐Young 
Published: April 2018

AbstractA sedimentary discontinuity is present in the late Pleistocene alluvial deposits exposed along the cliff in stream side, Gyeongju, Korea. Sedimentological study, Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) age dating, and X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and X‐ray fluorescence spectrometer (XRF) analyses were conducted in order to interpret the origin of the discontinuity surface. Based on the sedimentological study, these deposits can be divided into three distinct stages, in ascending order: (Stage 1) development of a braided stream flowing from south to north and deposition by debris flows from the mountain aside the stream during and/or after deposition of the braided stream; (Stage 2) deposition by intermittent events during a state of stagnation after the abandonment or migration of the previously existed braided stream; and (Stage 3) deposition of gravels from debris flows from the mountain aside the stream. Hornfelsic gravels are common in Stage 1, whereas andesitic gravels are predominant in Stage 3, suggesting the provenance change from Stage 1 to Stage 3. The discontinuity surface is laterally extensive and marked by a distinct carbonaceous dark grey horizon between Stage 2 and Stage 3. It is characteristic that rootlets mineralized by vivianite are present, and iron‐oxide crusts are cutting across irregularly below the discontinuity surface. It is thus interpreted that the shift of depositional environment from an alluvial plain (Stage 2) (125 ka) to an alluvial fan (Stage 3) (94–55 ka) was an alluvial response to sea level change from the interglacial to the glacial. The development of iron‐oxide crusts and diagenetic vivianite in the discontinuity surface suggests humid condition persisted during the paleoclimatic shift from the last interglacial to the last glacial stages.
Evaluation of substantivity of hypochlorous acid as an antiplaque agent: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Lafaurie GI , Zaror C , Díaz‐Báez D , Castillo DM , De Ávila J , Trujillo TG , Calderón‐Mendoza J 
Published: April 2018

AbstractBackgroundHypochlorous acid (HOCl) is a non‐antibiotic antimicrobial substance with significant effects on pathogenic oral micro‐organisms. The effects of HOCl as an antiplaque agent have not been studied.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the substantivity of HOCl mouthwashes compared with chlorhexidine (CHX) rinses and a placebo.Materials and MethodsA double‐blind randomized controlled trial with 75 participants was conducted. Participants were divided into five groups using block randomization: 0.025% HOCl, 0.05% HOCl, 0.12% CHX, 0.2% CHX, and sterile water as a placebo. Participants were instructed to use each rinse solution for 30 seconds after dental prophylaxis. Samples of saliva were taken at baseline and after 30 seconds, 1, 3, 5 and 7 hours to assess substantivity, and bacterial viability was established by the fluorescence method. Visible plaque in all participants was assessed with the Turesky index at baseline and at 7 hours, and adverse events were also assessed.ResultsHOCl led to a 33% reduction in bacterial counts in the saliva after 30 seconds compared with a 58% reduction by CHX. HOCl has no substantivity, and bacterial counts returned to baseline after 1 hour. Placebo treatment led to the highest plaque count after 7 hours compared with the CHX and HOCl groups, although the differences were not significant. HOCl rinsing induced the highest percentages of unpleasant taste and dryness sensations.ConclusionsHOCl rinses have an initial effect on bacterial viability in saliva but have no substantivity. Other mechanisms may explain its antiplaque effect.
Effectiveness of a telephone follow‐up nursing intervention in postsurgical patients
Authors: Santana Rosimere Ferreira , Pereira Shimmenes Kamacael , do Carmo Thalita Gomes , Freire Vanessa Emille Carvalho de Sousa , Soares Thais da Silva , do Amaral Dayana Medeiros , Vaqueiro Raquel Dantas 
Published: April 2018

AbstractBackgroundSurgical recovery can be defined as the days required to initiate activities that maintain life, health, and well‐being.AimThe main study objective was to compare the effectiveness of telephone versus conventional follow‐up in postsurgical older adult patients.MethodsThis is a quasi‐experimental study with random sampling. Postsurgical patients over 60 years old who had undergone gastrectomy and colectomy were selected from 2 hospitals and randomly divided into intervention group (22 patients) and control group (21 patients). Data collection was performed from January to September 2014. The differences in surgical recovery between the control and intervention groups were measured at 48 hours, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks after surgery.ResultsPatients in the control group took significantly longer duration in the length of surgical recovery from the first to the second (P = .007) and to the third evaluation time points (P = .013). Patients in the intervention group had significant less impaired mobility (P = .003), need for assistance for self‐care (P = .009), fatigue (P = .048), and time required for recuperation (P = .048).ConclusionTelephone follow‐up reduced the occurrence of delayed surgical recovery.
Between Enforcement and Precarity: Externalization and Migrant Deaths at Sea
Authors: Williams Kira , Mountz Alison 
Published: April 2018

AbstractMuch scholarship on border enforcement and loss of life asserts the relationship between enforcement and precarity. Little research attempts to correlate the two: enforcement operations and loss of life. In this article, we statistically analyse the relationship between increased border enforcement operations at sea and migrant losses of life around the EU between 2006 and 2015, and find them to be significantly and positively correlated. We also find evidence that increased enforcement leads to rerouting of migrant journeys to ‘weak spots’ in relation to borders. These findings bring empirical support to the commonly‐asserted claim by social scientists that externalization creates greater loss of life. We argue that, although discourse about interception and externalization has shifted to humanitarian rescue narratives, offshore enforcement by any other name continues to be highly correlated with migrant deaths. We then construct two datasets documenting migrant boats lost at sea and state interdiction operations since 1980. These data serve as the basis of our statistical analysis.
On the nonlinear behavior of Young's modulus of carbon‐bonded alumina at high temperatures
Authors: Luchini Bruno , Grabenhorst Joern , Fruhstorfer Jens , Pandolfelli Victor C. , Aneziris Christos G. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe origin of the nonlinear behavior of the Young's modulus (E) of carbon‐bonded alumina at high temperatures was addressed, based on the microstructural changes observed during processing and their thermo‐mechanical properties. Impulse excitation technique, thermogravimetric analysis, porosity measurement, and scanning electron microscopy were conducted in order to highlight and explain the E behavior. The finite element model of a virtual microstructure was simulated and the results attained are in good agreement with the experimental data. The tests revealed that the Young's modulus of a cured sample heated from room temperature up to 500°C was governed by the release of volatiles. Above this temperature, the thermal expansion mismatch among alumina, graphite, and the carbon matrix is dominant resulting in an increase in the effective Young's modulus. During cooling, crack networks and gaps between alumina particles and the carbon matrix were developed. The former were induced by volatile release and by the graphite's highly anisotropic thermal expansion. The latter was derived by the thermal expansion mismatch between the alumina and the carbon matrix. The closure of the gaps and cracks governed the expansion behavior during the second heating cycle and a nonlinear effective Young's modulus increase as a function of temperature was observed.
Historical Emissions and the Carbon Budget
Authors: Moss Jeremy , Kath Robyn 
Published: April 2018

AbstractHow should the world's remaining carbon budget be divided among countries? We assess the role of a fault‐based principle in answering this question. Discussion of the role of historical emissions in dividing the global carbon budget has tended to focus on emissions before 1990. We think that this is in part because 1990 seems so recent, and thus post‐1990 emissions seem to constitute a lesser portion of historical emissions. This point of view was undoubtedly warranted in the early 1990s, when discussion of fault‐based principles in this context began. While this view still has some intuitive force, we find that it and the associated focus on pre‐1990 emissions are now out of date. Emissions since 1990 in fact constitute a large and rapidly increasing proportion of emissions since 1750 – approximately half of the carbon emissions due to fossil fuel use and cement production, at the time of writing. We show that a restricted fault‐based principle, according to which emissions should be divided among countries on the basis of their emissions since 1990, is both viable and powerful. We consider standard objections to a fault‐based principle in this context, how such a principle might more concretely be applied, and its likely implications.
Comparisons of self and proxy report on health‐related factors in people with intellectual disability
Authors: Scott Haleigh M. , Havercamp Susan M. 
Published: April 2018

BackgroundThe intellectual disability field has learned about the lives of people with intellectual disabilities (ID), largely from the perspective of their family and caregivers. Information from caregivers has been critical to scientific advancement, especially when caregivers are engaged on behalf of individuals with significant language impairment. On the other hand, the perspective of individuals with ID themselves is critical for internal subjective content such as thoughts and feelings.MethodsParticipants were 90 adults with ID and a proxy of their choosing.ResultsOverall, self and caregiver report were significantly related for subjective health but varied for physical activity, social support and stress.ConclusionsThese findings add to the growing literature establishing the importance of considering the self‐report of adults with ID, particularity when the subject matter focuses on internal thoughts or feelings. Clinical considerations for the use of self and proxy report are discussed.
When distributive justice and gender stereotypes coincide: Reactions to equity and equality violations
Authors: Caleo Suzette 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe current study explores how prescriptive gender stereotypes shape reactions to resource allocations. Starting from the premise that the equity norm necessitates stereotypically male behavior and the equality norm necessitates stereotypically female behavior, I propose that men and women face differing consequences for violating equity and equality. These ideas were tested in two experiments, with participants reviewing how a manager divided resources between subordinates. Results partially supported the hypotheses. Although findings indicate that decision makers were evaluated negatively for using equality in a situation that called for equity, men received less favorable ratings and were viewed as less agentic than women for this violation. This work suggests that distributive justice norms and prescriptive gender stereotypes can exert a combined effect on reactions to allocation decisions.