bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
‘IM BEWEGLICHEN UMGANG MIT DEN STÖRRISCHEN FAKTEN’: ATTITUDES TO GENRE IN FELICITAS HOPPE'S PRAWDA: EINE AMERIKANISCHE REISE (2018)
Authors: Obermeier Stephanie 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTThis study offers a critical introduction to anglophone German studies of Felicitas Hoppe as a prolific and experimental contemporary German author. As I show, although Hoppe can be productively analysed as a vocal contributor to questions surrounding the utility of generic descriptors such as the historical novel, autofiction, and travel writing, the combination of these issues with Hoppe's signature style, poetics, and intertextuality becomes problematic in the particular case of Prawda: Eine amerikanische Reise (2018). Acting simultaneously as a kind of hypertext to Ilya Ilf and Evgeny Petrov's Odnoetazhnaia Amerika (1937) and as a platform for Hoppe's preoccupation with the Western canon, and with Johann Peter Eckermann's Gespräche mit Goethe (1836/48) in particular, Prawda consistently demonstrates Hoppe's poetics, but neglects the thematic content with which it purportedly engages, and fails to offer new insights into debates surrounding the contemporary novel and its genres.
Positioning Nigeria’s manufacturing and agricultural sectors for global competitiveness
Authors: Uddin Godwin , Oserei Kingsley 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe world economy presents opportunities for learning about developing economies, as they strive to attain a place of reckoning in the global market. This article, through salient themes from recent archived survey reports and interviews, exploration of relevant literature, and descriptive analytics presents a review of Nigeria's manufacturing and agricultural sectors. Thus, an approach which offers a synthesis of contemporary expert opinions, lessons from emerging market economies, and clear‐cut submissions from literature, which could enhance the competitiveness of these sectors. Amidst our findings, the operational strategies and ultimately industry/policy initiatives suggested include inward sourcing, strategic partnerships (both in sourcing and localization) and fiscal incentives among several possible milestones that could be explored to have the country prominent on the global industrialization map.
Spatial variation in phylogenetic diversity of communities of Atlantic Forest harvestmen (Opiliones, Arachnida)
Authors: Nogueira André do Amaral , Bragagnolo Cibele , DaSilva Márcio Bernardino , Carvalho Leonardo Sousa , Benedetti Alípio Rezende , Pinto‐da‐Rocha Ricardo 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

The study of diversity has become increasingly sophisticated, including the use of measures of phylogenetic diversity.

We calculate the spatial variation in species richness, taxonomic beta diversity, and alpha and beta phylogenetic diversity (PDα and PDβ, respectively) of Atlantic Forest harvestman communities using a data set containing 556 species from 68 sites, distributed in 12 Brazilian states.

We compare the congruence of phylogenetic and taxonomic diversity patterns, and also compare PDα with null model expectations, to check for phylogenetic clustering or overdispersion in communities.

Species richness and PDα are correlated, peaking in southern and south‐eastern coastal sites and decreasing towards the interior and towards the north‐east. PDα in north‐eastern sites was higher than expected, while a clustered phylogenetic pattern characterised most other sites.

Communities in the southern and south‐eastern regions were dominated by species from the large family Gonyleptidae, presenting a high richness and a low PDα. As the dominance of Gonyleptidae decreased towards the north, where local communities have fewer species, but a higher PDα, they contain representatives of other families. The beta diversity was more sensitive to the compositional changes involving closely related Gonyleptidae species, while PDβ is more influenced by deeper phylogenetic compositional changes, between more distant lineages.

Phylogenetic diversity may be of special importance to assess the conservation value of distantly related lineages. These species‐poor groups are less likely to influence taxonomic‐based diversity analyses, but their importance for conservation arises from their phylogenetic distinctiveness, captured by PDα and PDβ measures.
Comparison of a laboratorial scale synthesized and a commercial yttria‐tetragonal zirconia polycrystals ceramics submitted to microwave sintering
Authors: Ribeiro Amon S. L. , Arata Anelyse , de Lima Nelson B. , Ussui Valter , Lazar Dolores R. R. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractConventional sintering techniques of yttria‐tetragonal zirconia polycrystals (Y‐TZP) ceramics have presented limitations regarding the sintering time and temperature, increasing the cost of the final dental and biomedical products. Herein, microwave sintering comes to be an interesting alternative by providing fast heating, high densification, and grain‐size control. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of microwave sintering of Y‐TZP dental ceramics prepared from a pre‐sintered commercial block and produced from powders synthesized in a laboratorial scale by the precipitation route. The synthetized and commercial discs were submitted to microwave sintering at 1450°C and 1350°C for 15, 30, and 60 minutes. Densification, fracture toughness, grain size, and crystalline phase quantification of the sintered groups were evaluated. Both synthetized and commercial groups sintered at 1450°C for 15 and 30 minutes showed the higher densification results (98% TD). XRD quantitative phase analysis indicates that samples present 89% tetragonal and 11% cubic phases, except for the group prepared from coprecipitated powders sintered at 1450°C for 30 minutes, that presented 79% and 21% of tetragonal and cubic phases. The microwave sintering at 1450°C allows hardness and fracture toughness values comparable to conventional sintering.
Definition of videodermoscopic features of demodicosis
Authors: Karadağ Köse Özlem , Borlu Murat 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundDiagnosis of demodicosis is usually confirmed by standardized skin surface biopsy. The skin of the patients with demodicosis is usually very sensitive. There is a need for new noninvasive tests. Videodermoscopic findings of demodicosis have not been validated yet. Our aim was to provide a noninvasive and easy method for diagnosis of demodicosis by using videodermoscopy.Materials and methodsThis study included 26 patients with demodicosis which were confirmed with microscopy and responded well to anti‐Demodex therapy Twenty‐six age‐ and sex‐matched individuals without demodicosis constituted the control group. Dermatologic evaluation included clinical observation along with microscopy. All photographs of the clinical and dermoscopic findings were taken with videodermoscope.ResultsDemodex tails representing “Demodex mites” were a common feature in all patients. Gray dots were described as the second major videodermoscopic finding. Epidermal scale and red dots were also observed with higher prevalence than the other videodermoscopic features. We defined a new finding as follicular annular pigmentation corresponding to the facial pigmentation with demodicosis by videodermoscopy.ConclusionsWe concluded that it seems possible to confirm the clinical diagnosis of demodicosis by videodermoscopy, with similar results to handheld dermoscopy. Demodex tails should be considered as a sign of demodicosis, whereas detection of gray dots, epidermal scale, and red dots may raise the suspicion of demodicosis.
Adherence to diabetes care: Knowledge of biochemical processes has a high impact on glycaemic control among adolescents with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Dagan Efrat , Dubovi Ilana , Levy Milana , Zuckerman Levin Nehama , Levy Sharona T. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAimTo evaluate the impact of patients’ understanding of biochemical processes involved in glucose regulation (causal‐biochemical knowledge) and of diabetes self‐management knowledge on adherence to treatment recommendations among adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus.DesignA cross‐sectional study.MethodsAdolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus, aged 12–18 years and able to read and write in Hebrew or in Arabic were eligible. Participants were recruited between August 2016 – January 2018 during routine visits to the Paediatric Diabetes Clinic; informed consent was obtained as customary. Patients completed sociodemographic, clinical and type 1 diabetes mellitus self‐management and biochemical knowledge questionnaires. Adherence to treatment was assessed by patients’ serum HbA1c levels, collected from medical records.ResultsNinety‐seven patients participated in the study. Mean HbA1c levels were 9.2% (1.9%) and only 24 (24.7%) patients met the recommended HbA1c ≤ 7.5%. Lower HbA1c levels were strongly associated with higher family income, older age at diagnosis and with better type 1 diabetes mellitus self‐management and causal‐biochemical knowledge. A regression model showed that causal‐biochemical knowledge contributed to the variance in HbA1c levels. Furthermore, causal‐biochemical knowledge, but not self‐management knowledge, was found to mediate the negative relationship between low family income and high HbA1c levels.ConclusionsCausal‐biochemical knowledge is a valuable component for the adherence to diabetes care and glycaemic control.ImpactOur study suggests that causal knowledge is a valuable component that should be included in nursing and healthcare educational programmes for adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Pro‐apoptotic effect of haem oxygenase‐1 in human colorectal carcinoma cells via endoplasmic reticular stress
Authors: Wu Ming‐Shun , Chien Chih‐Chiang , Chang Jungshan , Chen Yen‐Chou 
Published: June 2019

AbstractSeveral biological effects of haem oxygenase (HO)‐1, including anti‐inflammatory, antiapoptotic and antioxidative properties were reported; however, the role of HO‐1 in apoptosis is still unclear. In the presence of stimulation by cobalt protoporphyrin (CoPP), an HO‐1 inducer, apoptotic characteristics were observed, including DNA laddering, hypodiploid cells, and cleavages of caspase (Casp)‐3 and poly(ADP) ribose polymerase (PARP) proteins in human colon carcinoma COLO205, HCT‐15, LOVO and HT‐29 cells in serum‐free (SF) conditions with increased HO‐1, but not heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) or HSP90. The addition of 10% foetal bovine serum (FBS) or 1% bovine serum albumin accordingly inhibited CoPP‐induced apoptosis and HO‐1 protein expression in human colon cancer cells. CoPP‐induced apoptosis of colon cancer cells was prevented by the addition of the pan‐caspase inhibitor, Z‐VAD‐FMK (VAD), and the Casp‐3 inhibitor, Z‐DEVD‐FMK (DEVD). N‐Acetyl cysteine inhibited reactive oxygen species‐generated H2O2‐induced cell death with reduced intracellular peroxide production, but did not affect CoPP‐induced apoptosis in human colorectal carcinoma (CRC) cells. Two CoPP analogs, ferric protoporphyrin and tin protoporphyrin, did not affect the viability of human CRC cells or HO‐1 expression by those cells, and knockdown of HO‐1 protein expression by HO‐1 small interfering (si)RNA reversed the cytotoxic effect elicited by CoPP. Furthermore, the carbon monoxide (CO) donor, CORM, but not FeSO4 or biliverdin, induced DNA ladders, and cleavage of Casp‐3 and PARP proteins in human CRC cells. Increased phosphorylated levels of the endoplasmic reticular (ER) stress proteins, protein kinase R‐like ER kinase (PERK), and eukaryotic initiation factor 2α (eIF2α) by CORM and CoPP were identified, and the addition of the PERK inhibitor, GSK2606414, inhibited CORM‐ and CoPP‐induced apoptosis. Increased GRP78 level and formation of the HO‐1/GRP78 complex were detected in CORM‐ and CoPP‐treated human CRC cells. A pro‐apoptotic role of HO‐1 against the viability of human CRC cells via induction of CO and ER stress was firstly demonstrated herein.
Safety and effectiveness of tofogliflozin in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in real‐world practice: Results of 12‐month interim analysis of a long‐term post‐marketing surveillance study (J‐STEP/LT)
Authors: Utsunomiya Kazunori , Senda Masayuki , Kakiuchi Seigo , Kameda Hiroyuki , Tamura Masahiro , Kurihara Yuji , Gunji Ryoji , Fujii Shoko , Kaku Kohei 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAims/IntroductionDue to the paucity of tofogliflozin data, we assessed the safety and effectiveness of tofogliflozin among Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the clinical setting, stratifying the patients by age, sex, estimated glomerular filtration (eGFR) rate and body mass index. We report the results of a 12‐month interim analysis.Materials and MethodsThis was a 3‐year prospective, observational and multicenter post‐marketing study (Japanese Study of tofogliflozin with type 2 diabetes mellitus Patients/Long Term).ResultsOut of 6,897 patients enrolled, the safety and effectiveness analysis populations consisted of 6,712 and 6,449 patients, respectively. During 12 months, adverse drug reactions and their incidence were 9.12 and 0.88%, respectively. The incidence of hypoglycemia was 0.67%. Polyuria/pollakiuria occurred more frequently in patients aged ≥65 years than in patients aged <65 years. Women experienced higher rates of urinary tract and genital infection than men. The lowest eGFR subgroup experienced maximum volume depletion‐related events. Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disorders occurred in 0.55% of the patients. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and bodyweight significantly decreased by −0.76% and −2.73 kg, respectively, from baseline to the last observation carried forward (P < 0.0001). Except for the lowest eGFR subgroup, other eGFR subgroups showed significantly decreased HbA1c values. All eGFR subgroups showed significantly decreased bodyweight, and all body mass index subgroups showed significantly decreased HbA1c and bodyweight.ConclusionsOur interim 12‐month data suggest that tofogliflozin could be used safely and effectively in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, as tofogliflozin was well tolerated with low hypoglycemia risk, and significantly improved HbA1c and bodyweight.
Comparison of pruritus and sensory qualities induced by capsaicin, histamine and cowhage
Authors: Hawro T. , Lehmann S. , Deuring E. , Weller K. , Altrichter S. , Church M.K. , Maurer M. , Metz M. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundIn skin diseases and experimental models of pruritus, pure itch is accompanied by additional sensations that are poorly characterized.ObjectivesThis study compared the sensory qualities evoked by different models of experimentally induced pruritus including skin prick testing (SPT) with histamine or capsaicin and application of cowhage spicules. SPT as a method of capsaicin application was validated for this purpose.MethodsTwo pilot experiments were performed in eight healthy volunteers. First, a concentration of 8% capsaicin was identified as evoking a reproducible itch using SPT. Further, a list of the seven most frequently reported sensations was chosen after SPT with 10 mg/mL histamine, 8% capsaicin and application of 40–45 cowhage spicules. Finally, 31 subjects were challenged with the same itch‐inducers. Wheal and flare were measured at 10, 20, 40, 60 and 90 min, itch intensity every minute for 30 min, and the overall evaluation of sensory descriptors were recorded on a 100‐mm visual analogue scale once itching had subsided.ResultsSkin prick testing with histamine and capsaicin resulted in flare reactions, which were 23% smaller for capsaicin (P < 0.001). Histamine, capsaicin and cowhage‐induced pruritus, the duration of which was shorter for cowhage than for histamine (13.5 ± 1.4 vs. 8.8 ± 1.2 min, P = 0.005). Different mediators induced sensations of different intensities. Capsaicin produced less itch and physical urge to scratch than histamine (P = 0.001) and cowhage (P < 0.001). However, both capsaicin and cowhage induced more burning than histamine (P = 0.002 and P = 0.04, respectively). Provocation with cowhage caused more intense sensations of pricking than histamine (P = 0.033).ConclusionThis study shows that provocation with histamine, capsaicin and cowhage results in itch responses that are different in their duration, the profile of accompanying sensations, and the flare that comes with the itch.
Trends in the use of implantable cardioverter‐defibrillators for prevention of sudden cardiac arrest: A South Korean nationwide population‐based study
Authors: Roh Seung‐Young , Choi Jong‐Il , Kim Min Sun , Cho Eun Young , Kim Yun Gi , Lee Kwang‐No , Baek Yong‐Soo , Shim Jaemin , Kim Jin Seok , Park Sang‐Weon , Chugh Sumeet S. , Kim Young‐Hoon 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe benefits of implantable cardioverter‐defibrillators (ICDs) for the prevention of sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) are well established. However, a significant knowledge gap remains regarding current indications and utilization of ICDs in real‐world settings in Asia.MethodsPatients who underwent ICD implantation in South Korea from 2007 to 2015 were identified using the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service database. We investigated trends in use of ICD for the prevention of SCA.ResultsA total of 4649 ICDs were implanted during 9 years. ICDs were implanted in 1448 (31.2%) patients for primary prevention and in 3201 (68.8%) for secondary prevention. The proportion of ICDs for primary prevention increased from 6.1% in 2007 to 41.9% in 2015. Primary prevention was more frequent in older (≥40 years) recipients (34.4% vs. 14.6%, P < .0001). The rates of ICD implantation for primary prevention were highest for nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (55.1%) and lowest (9.7%) for inherited primary arrhythmia syndrome (IPAS).ConclusionOur data showed a trend of progressively increasing rates of ICD implantation in Asia, especially for primary prevention of SCA. Primary prevention as an indication for ICD in patients with IPAS remained low.
Genome‐wide identification and analysis of heterotic loci in three maize hybrids
Authors: Liu Hongjun , Wang Qin , Chen Mengjiao , Ding Yahui , Yang Xuerong , Liu Jie , Li Xiaohan , Zhou Congcong , Tian Qilin , Lu Yiqi , Fan Danlin , Shi Junpeng , Zhang Lin , Kang Congbin , Sun Mingfei , Li Fangyuan , Wu Yujian , Zhang Yongzhong , Liu Baoshen , Zhao Xiang Yu , Feng Qi , Yang Jinliang , Han Bin , Lai Jinsheng , Zhang Xian Sheng , Huang Xuehui 
Published: June 2019

SummaryHeterosis, or hybrid vigour, is a predominant phenomenon in plant genetics, serving as the basis of crop hybrid breeding, but the causative loci and genes underlying heterosis remain unclear in many crops. Here, we present a large‐scale genetic analysis using 5360 offsprings from three elite maize hybrids, which identifies 628 loci underlying 19 yield‐related traits with relatively high mapping resolutions. Heterotic pattern investigations of the 628 loci show that numerous loci, mostly with complete–incomplete dominance (the major one) or overdominance effects (the secondary one) for heterozygous genotypes and nearly equal proportion of advantageous alleles from both parental lines, are the major causes of strong heterosis in these hybrids. Follow‐up studies for 17 heterotic loci in an independent experiment using 2225 F2 individuals suggest most heterotic effects are roughly stable between environments with a small variation. Candidate gene analysis for one major heterotic locus (ub3) in maize implies that there may exist some common genes contributing to crop heterosis. These results provide a community resource for genetics studies in maize and new implications for heterosis in plants.
Superior Sporting Performance in Athletics: Determinants and Sustainability
Authors: Meier Henk Erik , Jetzke Malte , Nagm Amin , von Uechtritz Cosima 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe article aims to contribute to the understanding of competitive dynamics and specialization in international sport by analyzing superior sporting performance (SSP) in international athletics in the period from 1999 to 2018. By applying iterative Kolmogorov‐Smirnov tests to annual bests, the study examines national SSPs. Contrary to theoretical considerations, less specialized countries are more likely to achieve SSP. Technical entry barriers and macrosocial factors also appear to play a limited role. SSP seems not to disappear due to increased international competition. The United States and Russia are identified as “sporting super powers,” able to persistently dominate a number of disciplines. The case of Russia poses fundamental questions concerning market distortions in international sport resulting from doping. The results come with substantial policy implications.
Volunteered geographic information systems: Technological design patterns
Authors: Gómez‐Barrón José Pablo , Manso‐Callejo Miguel Ángel , Alcarria Ramón 
Published: June 2019

AbstractVolunteered geographic information (VGI) has been studied extensively within various contexts, however, generally focusing on isolated aspects of data. Therefore, we still need to advance the structured knowledge of the mechanisms that affect and support its creation. This article aims to contribute to the integrated study of VGI systems (VGIS) in order to enhance design processes that lead to a more systematic and efficient VGI management. We define VGIS, their main components, and general architectures. Then, we use the service blueprinting technique to conduct the case study of several systems, identifying system actions to find the processes and technologies forming the different functional components of VGIS: elements of the technological infrastructure that implement diverse processes to facilitate participation and data management. Integrated in the data collection component, we also propose a typology of crowdsourcing tasks that—coupled with the functional components—establishes a foundation for VGIS research and design. We characterize these components, arguing that they are necessary in the development of VGIS, however, there is still a need for a more detailed study of the flow of processes and subprocesses and how they work under the criteria of different types of projects to continue facilitating their design.
An automated motivational interview promotes donation intention and self‐efficacy among experienced whole blood donors
Authors: Livitz Irina E. , France Christopher R. , France Janis L. , Fox Kristen R. , Ankawi Brett , Slepian P. Maxwell , Kessler Debra A. , Rebosa Mark , Shaz Beth H. 
Published: June 2019

BACKGROUNDInterventions intended to motivate donors to return can be costly and time consuming. The current study examined the effect of a Web‐based automated interview, informed by motivational interviewing and self‐determination theory, on donor intention, motivation, and behavior in a sample of highly experienced donors.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSApproximately 1 week after donating, 1177 highly experienced whole blood donors (mean prior donations, 35.5; mean age, 46.9 years; 66.3% female) participated in a study in which they were randomly assigned to either a donor motivational interview (n = 544) or knowledge interview (n = 633). Measures of donor motivation and psychological need support were obtained before the interviews, and again at postinterview assessments conducted approximately 2 days later and 7 weeks later. Blood center records were used to assess repeat donation attempts for 1 year after the interviews.RESULTSRelative to the knowledge interview, participants in the motivational interview had larger increases in donation intention and self‐efficacy from preinterview to the first follow‐up. Among women only, the motivational interview was associated with greater competence and relatedness increases at both follow‐up assessments.CONCLUSIONAn automated motivational interview appears to be a feasible way to promote donation intention and self‐efficacy. Although the observed effects were small among highly experienced donors, we are currently assessing the potential effect of this intervention among less experienced donors.