bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RELASI LAKI-LAKI DAN PEREMPUAN DALAM AL-QUR’AN MENURUT AMINA WADUD
Authors: Rusydi M. 
Published: August 2018

<strong>Abstrak:</strong> Tulisan ini menganalisis pandangan Amina Wadud tentang problem gender dalam Islam. Pertanyaan yang muncul adalah bagaimana konstruksi pembacaan Amina Wadud terhadap relasi laki-laki dan perempuan dalam al-Qur’an. Dalam tulisan ini ditemukan bahwa bagi Wadud, al-Qur’an memiliki tiga prinsip utama dalam menyelesaikan problem gender yakni prinsip tauhid, taqwa dan khalifah. Prinsip tauhid dan takwa menunjukkan kesetaraan, sebab al-Qur’an menegaskan bahwa tidak ada yang lebih mulia kecuali dengan takwa. Wadud menyebut prinsip ini dengan istilah paradigma tauhid. Sedangkan prinsip khalifah dalam al-Qur’an menekankan agar semua muslim, baik laki-laki maupun perempuan, menjadi agen moral untuk menjaga keharmonisan dunia. Ia juga menyarankan agar al-Qur’an dibaca secara holistik dengan memperhatikan tiga aspek; konteks pewahyuan ayat, komposisi dan gramatika teks, dan pandangan dunia teks. Ia menyebut metolodogi ini dengan istilah hermeneutika tauhid, yang dijadikan argument bahwa al-Qur’an memandang laki-laki dan perempuan setara.<br /> <br /><strong>Abstract</strong><strong>:</strong> This writing analyzes Amina Wadud’s view on gender in Islam. The issue put forward is on the question of Wadud’s reading method on gender in the Qur’an. This paper reveals that according to Wadud there are three main principles to solve gender problems, namely, <em>tau<span style="text-decoration: underline;">h</span>îd</em>, <em>taqwa</em> and <em>khalîfah</em>. The principles of <em>tau<span style="text-decoration: underline;">h</span>îd</em> and <em>taqwa</em> show equality because al-Qur’an prescribes that no one is being having more self-esteem except with the quality of <em>taqwa</em>. Wadud calls these principles as <em>tauhid</em>ic paradigm. While the principle of <em>khalîfah</em> in al-Qur’an requires Muslim, both man and woman alike, to become an agent of moral custodian to maintain the harmony of the world. She also urges that the Qur’an be interpreted holistically by considering three aspects; the context of revelation, stylistic and grammar of text, as well as <em>weltanschauung</em> or worldview of the text. As such she designates her methodology as a tauhidic hermeneutic, since upon this methodology, it can be argued that the Qur’an looks at man and woman equally.<br /> <br /><strong>Kata Kunci:</strong> al-Qur’an, gender, hermeneutika, kesetaraan, tauhid
REINTERPRETASI DAN SINERGITAS TEORI PENCIPTAAN ALAM
Authors: Ilhamuddin Ilhamuddin 
Published: August 2018

Abstrak: Ilmuwan-ilmuwan modern telah berusaha mengkaji hakikat alam dengan beragam pendekatan. Teori-teori mereka tentang penciptaan alam didasari dan dipengaruhi oleh paradigma keilmuan masing-masing, dan terkadang perbedaan pendekatan telah memunculkan beragam penafsiran tentang eksistensi. Sebagian ahli memiliki kecenderungan membenturkan beraneka teori tentang penciptaan alam, dan menilai bahwa semua teori tersebut memiliki beragam kontradiksi. Lewat artikel ini, penulis melakukan reinterpretasi terhadap hakikat teori para ahli tentang penciptaan alam dan menemukan sinergitas antara teori-teori mereka. Penulis menegaskan bahwa tidak ada kontradiksi antara teori saintis, teolog, filsuf dan mufasir tentang penciptaan alam. Dengan demikian, teori teologi, filsafat dan sains dapat mengokohkan doktrin agama tentang alam semesta. Lebih penting lagi, artikel ini mengokohkan pendapat bahwa tidak ada pertentangan antara temuan akal dan informasi wahyu. <br /> <br />Abstract: Reinterpretation and Synergetic Theory of the Creation of the Universe. Modern scholars have made all due efforts to study the essence of the universe through a variety of approaches. Their theory on the creation of the universe is based on respective science paradigm, and at times different approach has led into distinct interpretation on the existence. Many an expert tents to conflict various theories of the creation of the universe, and conclude that those theories contradict one another. Through this article, the author reinterprets the focal point of such theories on the creation of the universe, and finds the synergy amongst those theories. In addition, he asserts that there is no contradiction between theories found within the boundaries of scientist, theologian, philosophers and the exegetes on the creation of the universe, and therefore, every single theory may support the truth of religious doctrine on the cosmos. What’s more, this article affirms the view that there is no contradiction between the findings of the intellect and the Divine information. <br /> <br />Kata Kunci: teori penciptaan alam, pemikiran Islam, teologi, filsafat, sains, tafsir
KONTEKSTUALISASI PEMIKIRAN KH. HASYIM ASY’ARI TENTANG PERSATUAN UMAT ISLAM
Authors: Fata Ahmad Khoirul , Najib M Ainun 
Published: August 2018

<p>Abstract: Persatuan umat Islam adalah aplikasi ajaran Islam tentang persaudaraan sesama Muslim (ukhuwah Islâmîyah). Pluralitas kultural umat Islam telah menjadi resistensi tersendiri bagi implementasi doktrin tersebut dalam masyarakat Muslim. Di Indonesia, keragaman mazhab, organisasi dan aliran politik telah melahirkan disintegrasi umat. Beragam konflik intern umat Islam menjadi bukti disintegrasi tersebut. Tulisan ini mengkaji gagasan KH. Hasyim Asy`ari tentang persatuan umat Islam. Penulis menemukan bahwa gagasan tentang persatuan umat Islam KH. Hasyim Asy`ari didasari oleh tauhid dan anti fanatisme dalam masyarakat Muslim. Kenyataan bahwa disintegrasi menjadi problem dunia Islam kontemporer telah membuat ide KH. Hasyim Asy`ari menjadi urgen, dan dapat menjadi solusi alternatif bagi problem umat tersebut.</p><p><br />Abstract: The Contextualization of KH. Hasyim Asyari’s View on the Muslim Unity. The Muslim unity is a logical consequence of religious teachings concerning the Muslim brotherhood (ukhuwah Islamiyâh). The diversity of the Muslim community has become a challenge for its application. In Indonesian, the diversity of mainstream school of thoughts, organizations, and parties have given rise to disintegration of the Muslim society. The internal conflicts that come out from various reasons is an evident of that disintegration. This paper analyzes KH. Hasyim Asyari’s view concerning the Muslim unity. The authors find that the idea of the Muslim unity should be based upon faith and anti-fanatism. It reflects the concordance of faith and could be realized in anti-fanatism attitude in the Muslim society. The idea of KH Hasyim Asy`ari is perceived of utmost important, for it may become an alternative solution for the social problems.</p><p><br />Kata Kunci: Persatuan, Ukhuwah, KH Hasyim Asy‘ari, Nahdhatul Ulama</p>
القاضي عبد الجبار المعتزلي وآراءه في القياس
Authors: Adly Muhammad Amar 
Published: August 2018

Abstrak: Pemikiran al-Qâdhî ‘Abd al-Jabbâr Tentang <em>Qiyâs</em>. Al-Qâdhî ‘Abd al-Jabbâr selama ini lebih terkenal sebagai pemikir ulama Mu`tazilah yang sangat mengagungkan supremasi akal, namun ia memiliki pemikiran di bidang ushul fiqh seperti tertuang dalam karyanya <em>Al Mughnî fî Abwâb al-Taw</em><em>h</em><em>îd wa al-‘Adl.</em> Dalam salah satu pembahasannya ia berbicara tentang kehujjahan qiyas sebagai dalil syara`. Tulisan ini berusaha mengelaborasi pandangan al-Qâdhî tentang kehujjahan qiyas sebagai dalil hukum. Penulis menemukan bahwa <em>`illat </em>dengan sendirinya memiliki konsekuensi hukum sekalipun tanpa adanya aturan syara’. Pendapat ini berbeda dengan pandangan mayoritas ulama Sunni yang menyatakan bahwa illat tidak memberi implikasi hukum, kecuali ada dalil syara` yang menjelaskannya. Sebagai contoh, memabukkan dalam minuman keras sebelum ada syariat pengharaman bukanlah <em>`</em><em>illat</em> pengharaman khamr dan <em>`illat </em>dijatuhkannya hukum <em>h</em><em>a</em><em>dd</em> kepada peminumnya. Pemikiran al-Qâdhî ini tampaknya diwarnai oleh ajaran Mu`tazilah yang menjadikan akal sebagai penentu baik dan buruk serta alat bagi kewajiban menjalankan yang kebaikan dan meninggalkan keburukan. <br /> <br />Abstract: Al-Qâdhî ‘Abd al-Jabbâr’s Thought on <em>Qiyâs</em>. Although widely known as a Mu‘tazilite ‘<em>ulamâ</em> who support the supremacy of intellect, al-Qâdhî also well verse in the realm of Islamic legal theory as reflected in his <em>Al Mughnî fî Abwâb al-Tawhîd wa al-‘Adl.</em> In one of his excerpt, he discusses the position of analogy as a base for argument in Islamic law which becomes the focus of this essay. The author maintains that according to al-Qâdhî <em>`illat </em>or cause by itself has a legal effect even though prior to the existence of God’s rules provided for a certain case. Such view is in contrast with those of Sunni majority who argue that Divine revelation is required for ‘<em>illat </em>to be legally effective. For example, intoxication in alcoholic drink prior to its divine prohibition is not a cause for its banning nor is it a motive for punishment of the drunken person. Such al-Qâdhî’s thought seems to be influenced by his affiliation with Mu‘tazilite creed in which intellect is highly admired for it can determine the good from bad thing, and it also function as a means of performing obligation and avoiding the bad things as well. <br /><br />Kata Kunci: Hukum Islam, <em>qiyâs</em>, al-Qâdhî ‘Abd al-Jabbâr, <em>ushûl al-fiqh</em>
PERSEPSI PEREMPUAN TENTANG PERCERAIAN DI KOTA PADANG
Authors: Rozalinda Rozalinda , Nurhasanah Nurhasanah 
Published: August 2018

<p>Abstrak: Islam mensyariatkan perkawinan dengan tujuan mendapatkan keluarga bahagia. Namun, kenyataannya, sering terjadi perselisihan dalam keluarga yang tidak dapat didamaikan, yang berujung pada perceraian. Penelitian ini bertujuan meng- ungkapkan faktor penyebab meningkatnya perkara gugatan cerai di Pengadilan Agama Padang dan menggali persepsi perempuan di Kota Padang tentang perceraian. Dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif, data dihimpun dari dokumen Pengadilan Agama Kelas I A Padang dan wawancara dengan perempuan yang mengajukan gugatan cerai, hakim, panitera, pengacara, dan tokoh perempuan. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor penyebab meningkatnya gugatan cerai adalah membaiknya tingkat pendidikan, kesadaran hukum, peluang berkarier dan perubahan stigma masyarakat terhadap perempuan yangbercerai. Selain itu, perempuan di Kota Padangberpendapat bahwa cerai bukanlahhal yang tabu dan menakutkan, karena juga dilindungi undang- undang sehingga dianggap sebagai solusi ampuh dalam menyelesaikan konflik keluarga.</p><p>Abstract: Woman Perception on Divorce in Padang Central City. Islam set down marriage rule as a means of acquiring happiness. In reality, however, it marriage conflict may occur, and often cannot be resolved and that it leads to divorce. This study is a qualitative study seeking to reveal the causes of increasing divorce rate in the Religious Court of Padang, and to unveil women’s perceptions concerning divorce in Padang. By using qualitative method, the data is collected from the documents of the Grade I A Religious Court of Padang, and interviews with those women who file legal divorce suit, judges, clerks, lawyers, and women scholars. The findings reveal that the undelying factors of divorce rate increase are due to women’s education improvement, increasinglegal awareness, the availability of career opportunities, changing social stigma against divorced women and weakening understanding of religious values among women. Women in Padang perceive that divorce is no longer a taboo and embarrassing, since grants womens’ rights to file divorce in the court, and thus seen as an alternative solution to.</p><p><br />Kata Kunci: perceraian, gugatan cerai,khuluk, perempuan, pengadilan agama</p>
Efektifitas Penggunaan Model Pembelajaran Kreatif Produktif Terhadap Keterampilan Proses Sains Siswa Kelas VII SMP
Authors: Suprianto Suprianto , Qomariyah Aan Nurul , Lutfi Mohammad , Qomariyah Siti Nur Aizatul 
Published: August 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada atau tidak adanya pengaruh yang signifikan penggunaan model pembelajaran kreatif produktif terhadap keterampilan proses sains siswa kelas VII SMP serta untuk mengidentifikasi efektivitas model pembelajaran kreatif produktif terhadap keterampilan proses sains siswa kelas VII SMP dibanding dengan model pembelajaran langsung. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalag quasi experiment dengan design pretes-postest control group design. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah uji efektivitas dan uji gain Normalisasi serta uji normalitas dan uji homogenitas sebagai uji prasyarat uji t. Berdasarkan uji efektivitas didapatkan data sebesar 2,18 dengan kategori Tinggi. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa penggunaan model pembelajaran kreatif produktif lebih efektif terhadap keterampilan proses sains dibandingkan dengan pembelajaran langsung. Berdasarkan uji N-Gain diperoleh nilai 0,89 dengan kategori Tinggi untuk kelas eksperimen sedangkan 0,57 dengan kategori sedang untuk kelas kontrol. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa peningkatan keterampilan proses sains siswa dengan menggunakan pembelajaran kreatif produktif lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan pembelajaran langsung. Berdasarkan uji t diperoleh t-hitung 6,287 dengan signifikan 0,000<0,05; hal ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada pengaruh yang signifikan penggunaan model pembelajaran kreatif produktif terhadap Keterampilan Proses Sains siswa.
Assessment Practices in Mathematics: Local to Global Contexts
Authors: Lamichhane Basanta Raj 
Published: August 2018

The main purpose of this paper is to explore the present mathematics assessment practices in local and global contexts. For this, I decisively review educational policies, practices, curricular documents and contemporary researches. In doing so, I select the Finland, China, USA, as they have stood in the significant positions in an international comparative study such as TIMSS, PISA and Nepal. It reveals that the assessment practices in mathematics are not an isolated phenomenon that have been executed by an external authority at the end of the academic sessions to quantify the individual attributes relating to mathematical performances. It is largely embedded in educational activities from the very beginning and simultaneously works throughout the programme for enriching mathematical outcomes and performances of students. I capture two major trends of assessment practices of these countries; post-positivist approaches of assessment and integral approaches of assessment. The post/positivist perspective incorporates summative evaluation techniques and assessment of learning whereas integral perspectives concentrate on assessment for learning as having broad goals of reconstructing, reframing and transforming the entire programs. These trends of assessment practice largely blend with philosophy of mathematics education. The comparing and contrasting views of assessment practices would be helpful for the policy makers, educators, mathematicians and other related personnel for critically re-evaluate their respective assessment practices and thus encourage to transform the deep-rooted conventional assessment practice that is one of the major hindrance to sanction the mathematics education within the positivistic paradigm. The Sapta Gandaki JournalVol. IX, 2018 Feb. Page: 1-16
Women with Disabilities in Nepal
Authors: Timilsana Binod Khanda 
Published: August 2018

The women who have one or more impairments and experience barriers in society are the women with disability (WWD). Disabled women of all ages, in rural and urban areas, regardless of the severity of the impairment, sexual preference and cultural background or whether they live in the community or an institution are recognized as the WWD. As the Person with Disabilities are deprived, isolated, marginalized and excluded groups of the society, the women who have disability are one of the components of them. The social status of disabled women varies according to individual circumstances and to the country in which they live. Being a member of United Nations, Nepal recognized the human rights of people with disability in the year 1981. Accordingly, it enacted a special law known as the Disabled Persons Protection and Welfare Act, 1982 but even after 36 years of existence, the people with disabilities are often excluded from the mainstream of society and denied their human rights. Nepal is rich with legislative provisions but there is discrepancy between legislation and practices. Social security system is very poor in Nepal; disabled as well as economically marginalized people have not received any kind of social protection (food, shelter, clothes, health, education, and training). The strongest rights to social security may turn out to be nothing more than unfulfilled promises. Again most of the services are situated in urban areas and disabled people from rural areas at more risk. So it is mandatory to cater necessary services to all women with disabilities living in any part of Nepal for the respect, protect and fulfilling the commitment of government by human rights Instruments. The Sapta Gandaki JournalVol. IX, 2018 Feb. Page: 17-25
Effect of Gender Exploitation and Violence on Health Status of Women and Girls in Chitwan District
Authors: Parajuli Govinda Prasad , Chapagain Sarita 
Published: August 2018

This study aimed to findout forms and causes of gender exploitation and violence as well as reveal the effect of gender exploitation and violence on the health status of women and girls. The researcher collected secondary data from District Police Office and Women Cell of the same office of Chitwan. Primary data was collected from purposive sampling method. The study reveals that majority of the victims of exploitation and violence suffers from grave physical health problem, psychological and mental health problem and reproductive health problems. Similarly, the study also reveals that the causes of gender exploitation and violence are economical, political, educational and social backwardness. From the research, it is concluded that women and girls are dominated due to lack of education, patriarchal society, polygamy society, sexual dissatisfaction and dowry. Moreover, women are discriminated from birth. This study also shows that literate women are equally victimized as well as the illiterate women and girls. The Sapta Gandaki JournalVol. IX, 2018 Feb. Page: 26-33
A Survey of Investors Preference on Stock Market : A Case of Nepal Stock Exchange
Authors: Pokharel Post Raj 
Published: August 2018

This paper shows investors preference on stock market of Nepal Stock Exchange (NEPSE). The study is based on survey method using structured questionnaire. The results demonstrated that investors were found to have investment interest in secondary market. The reasons for selecting shares are mostly liquidity and high rate of earning. The investors' perception regarding the influencing factors for the investment decision in secondary market of NEPSE is the advice of brokers and then movement of indices. The news in daily newspaper and market sentiments are viewed as least influencing factors for investment decision. Most motivating factors prioratized by respondents were capital gains, then liquidity and then dividend, safety and bonus shares. The motivating factors like tax benefits and rights shares were under least preference by the respondents. The Sapta Gandaki JournalVol. IX, 2018 Feb. Page: 53-61
Microfinance Intervention and Livelihood Status: A Case of Gramin Bikash Bank Limited
Authors: Chapagain Ramkrishna , Aryal Rishikesh 
Published: August 2018

This paper attempts to focus on the impact of micro finance intervention on livelihood status of the people taking samples of 60 respondents of microfinance intervened and 60 non intervened population of Grameen Bikash Bank which lies on remote area of Pokhara, Leknath Metropolitan city and nearby VDCs. The study is based on the randomized control trial approach and data were collected through researcher administered questionnaire. Respondents were taken through stratified sampling. The research finds that microfinance intervention has association with occupational status, micro enterprise creation, frequency of loan taken and occupational change. Independent sample t-test shows micro finance intervention increases income level, capital expenditure, consumption expenditure and saving. The regression analysis shows that micro finance intervention changes the livelihood status of women of rural areas of Pokhara Municipality and nearby VDCs. The Sapta Gandaki JournalVol. IX, 2018 Feb. Page: 62-72
Economic Perspectives of Trademarks
Authors: Chapagai Rishi Ram 
Published: August 2018

Primarily, this paper examines the role of trademark in global economy, as an intellectual property the value of trademark and brand in the global marketplace, and the economic potentiality of trademarks to generate more value and surplus in the economy. This paper also discusses the contribution of the trademarks for creating brand and value of business enterprises. The article is basically conceptual and descriptive in nature. Based on the literature review, the purposes of this paper are; to assess the perceived value of a trademark and brand, to examine the trademark roles for creating brand and value and to understand the impact of trademark on economy.The article deals with trademark and its economic perspectives. This article is valuable to understand the value of trademark in marketplace. The article helps academicians and practitioner to know the concept of trademark as an intellectual property and to understand that it can be used by market economy to generate more income, value, and surplus in the economy. The economic perspective of trademark can be applicable to many segments of Nepalese business context; ranging from manufacturing to service sector and importantly for the entrepreneurship development. Finally, the article is recommending for further empirical research study to examine the impact of trademark protection system for the countries’ economic growth. The Sapta Gandaki JournalVol. IX, 2018 Feb. Page: 73-83
Statistical analysis of micropore size distributions in Al–Si castings evaluated by X-ray computed tomography
Authors: Garb Christian , Leitner Martin , Tauscher Markus , Weidt Moritz , Brunner Roland 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
In general, micropore size acts as one of the most significant influencing factors on the fatigue strength of aluminium castings. Hence, an in-depth knowledge of the occurrence of micropore sizes and their local distributions in different locations in complexly-shaped lightweight components is of great interest to the casting industry. In this work, the local properties of AlSi8Cu3 and AlSi7Cu0.5Mg cylinder heads and AlSi8Cu3 crankcases were analyzed. Extensive X-ray computed tomography (CT) scans of three specimen positions revealed significant differences in micropore size and distribution. Two CT scan resolutions were selected, with respect to different micropore size populations in the cast components, to enable accurate detection of the microporosity, in addition to an adequate scanning volume, in order to achieve a statistically approved parameter study. Thereby, specimen positions exhibiting smaller mean micropore sizes were scanned at 3 μm/voxel scanning resolution and ones with larger micropore sizes at 8 μm/voxel. A statistical assessment of all of the alloy specifications and specimen positions indicates that the general extreme value and lognormal distribution appropriately describe the micropore size distributions. Finally, an extensive sensitivity study is presented, aimed at examining micropore size characteristics, such as the porosity, sphericity, maximum and mean values and standard deviation, and to investigate their relationships in the investigated cast specimens.