bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Selection of Single Harmonic Emission Peak for Producing Isolated Attosecond Pulse via Chirped-UV Combined Field
Authors: Liu Hang , Feng Li-Qiang 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
A potential method to produce isolated attosecond pulses (IAPs) by using low-intensity chirped-UV combined field has been investigated. The results can be separated into three parts. First, by properly introducing the mid-chirp or down-chirp of the low-intensity laser field, the harmonic cutoff can be extended and achieve the referenced value, which is produced from the high-intensity referenced field. Moreover, the spectral continuum is contributed by a single harmonic emission peak, which is beneficial to produce IAPs. However, the harmonic yield is very low due to the lower driven laser intensity. Second, by properly adding a UV pulse, the harmonic yield can be enhanced and achieve the referenced value due to the UV resonance ionisation. The intensity of the combined field is lower than that of the referenced field, which reduces the experimental requirements for producing high-intensity spectral continuum. Third, with the introduction of the positive or negative inhomogeneous effect of the mid-chirped combined field or down-chirped combined field, respectively, the similar harmonic cutoff and harmonic yield can also be obtained but with a much lower driven laser intensity. Finally, by superposing the harmonics on the spectral continuum, the IAPs with the durations of sub-38 as can be obtained.
Overt Attention toward Appetitive Cues Enhances Their Subjective Value, Independent of Orbitofrontal Cortex Activity
Authors: McGinty Vincent B. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractNeural representations of value underlie many behaviors that are crucial for survival. Previously, we found that value representations in primate orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) are modulated by attention, specifically, by overt shifts of gaze toward or away from reward-associated visual cues (McGinty et al., 2016). Here, we investigate the influence of overt attention on behavior by asking how gaze shifts correlate with reward anticipatory responses and whether activity in OFC mediates this correlation. Macaque monkeys viewed pavlovian conditioned appetitive cues on a visual display, while the fraction of time they spent looking toward or away from the cues was measured using an eye tracker. Also measured during cue presentation were the reward anticipation, indicated by conditioned licking responses (CRs), and single-neuron activity in OFC. In general, gaze allocation predicted subsequent licking responses: the longer the monkeys spent looking at a cue at a given time point in a trial, the more likely they were to produce an anticipatory CR later in that trial, as if the subjective value of the cue were increased. To address neural mechanisms, mediation analysis measured the extent to which the gaze–CR correlation could be statistically explained by the concurrently recorded firing of OFC neurons. The resulting mediation effects were indistinguishable from chance. Therefore, while overt attention may increase the subjective value of reward-associated cues (as revealed by anticipatory behaviors), the underlying mechanism remains unknown, as does the functional significance of gaze-driven modulation of OFC value signals.
Prevalence and determinants of pentavalent booster immunization in children aged three to five years in Denpasar, Bali
Authors: Sintarini Ni Rai , Sari Komang Ayu Kartika , Windiani I Gusti Agung Trisna , Sawitri Anak Agung Sagung 
Published: September 2019

Background and purpose: Pentavalent booster immunization coverage inÂ Denpasar City is reported to be relatively low. This study aims to determine the prevalence and determinants of pentavalent immunization uptake.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in one banjar (hamlet) which was selected purposively in the work area of Public Health Centre (PHC) I West Denpasar, Bali Province. Banjar was selected with consideration of the diversity of local residents and migrants. All mothers who had children aged 3-5 years (138 people) in the banjar were chosen as respondents. Interviews were conducted in each respondent's house with variables included age, education, employment, parity, region of origin, knowledge on immunization, perception of susceptibility to and severity of disease, perceptions of benefits and barriers to immunization, sources of information, family support and acceptance of immunization. Data analysis was performed with poisson regression to determine the determinants of pentavalent booster immunization.Results: The majority of respondents were aged <30 years, high school education or above, unemployed, had 1-2 children and were from Bali. The proportion of respondents who reported that their children had been given pentavalent immunization in children aged three to five years was found to be 78.3%. Immunization prevalence was found to be higher in the population that originated from Bali (82.1%). Determinants of pentavalent immunization are perceptions of benefits (APR=4.78; 95%CI: 1.35-16.96), and more sources of information (APR=1.21; 95%CI: 1.04-1.41).Conclusion: The prevalence of pentavalent booster immunization is found to be lower than the average prevalence of the Bali Province but higher than the reported coverage of Denpasar City. The determinants of immunization acceptance was perception of high benefits and more sources of information. Information dissemination on the benefits of pentavalent booster immunization in children needs to be enhanced through health workers and various media to increase the coverage of pentavalent immunization.
Necesidades de cuidado en los pacientes con demencia y/o alzheimer: una revisión integrativa
Authors: Alvarado García Alejandra María , Alvarado Hueso Paula Vanessa , Rojas Méndez Laura Tatiana , Oviedo Tao Paula Andrea 
Published: September 2019

Introducción: Identificar la evidencia científica relacionada con las necesidades de cuidado en pacientes con demencia y/o Alzheimer en Latinoamérica. Materiales y Métodos: Se realizó una revisión integrativa de la evidencia científica bajo la metodología propuesta por Ganong, se realizó una búsqueda en las bases de datos: Embase, Ovid, PubMed, Proquest, SciELO, ISI Web of Science y Scopus, Redalycs en artículos publicados desde el año 2012- 2019. Resultados: Se incluyeron 20 artículos producto de investigaciones primarias de tipo cualitativo y cuantitativo. Se presentan y discuten como hallazgos las siguientes categorías: necesidades de cuidado físicas, necesidades de cuidado psicológicas, necesidades de cuidado a nivel social. Discusión y Conclusiones: Se evidencia un vacío de conocimiento en el contexto Latinoamericano sobre las investigaciones dirigidas al paciente con demencia y/o Alzheimer. Conocer las necesidades de cuidado de los pacientes con demencia se convierten una prioridad para los profesionales sanitarios, puesto que brindar una adecuada intervención a promueve la calidad de vida tanto del paciente como el cuidador.
Como citar este artículo: Alvarado AM, Alvarado PV, Rojas LT, Oviedo PA. Necesidades de cuidado en los pacientes con demencia y/o alzheimer: una revisión integrativa. Rev Cuid. 2019; 10(3): e813. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v10i3.813
Strength and conditioning practices of high school rugby coaches: A South African context
Authors: Robinson Bradley , Pote Lee , Christie Candice 
Published: September 2019

Although rugby union as a sport is well established, the strength and conditioning practices of high school level players are not well known. Therefore, the main purpose of this study was to examine the current strength and conditioning practices that coaches implement at South African high school level rugby. A secondary purpose was to compare practices between high schools of different socio-economic status in South Africa. An online survey or in person interview (depending on the school) was conducted and 43 responses were received: from 28 coaches at schools among the top 100 rugby schools in South Africa for 2016 and from 15 coaches at no-fee public schools in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. Most coaches (72%) performed some form of physical testing, with the most common parameter tested being ‘speed’. The most common strength and conditioning practices utilised included flexibility (stretching), speed (free sprinting), agility (cone drills), plyometric (box drills) and resistance (weight lifting) training. Unlike the no-fee schools, the top 100 rugby schools implemented conditioning practices similar to best-known international practices. Furthermore, no-fee school coaches did not have the qualifications necessary to administer the correct training techniques. Education and upskilling on the best strength and conditioning practices for school level coaches need to be improved, particularly in less privileged schools. Such improvement is crucial to the transformation goals set out by the South African Rugby Union, which would benefit from player development in lower socio-economic schools.
Significance:

The top 100 rugby playing schools in the country implement similar strength and conditioning practices to the best known international practices.
Education of coaches is key to the implementation of correct strength and conditioning practices, specifically at underprivileged schools.
Spatial variability of PM10, PM2.5 and PM chemical components in an industrialised rural area within a mountainous terrain
Authors: Tshehla Cheledi , Wright Caradee Y. 
Published: September 2019

We describe the measurement and spatial variability of particulate matter (PM) chemical composition, PM10 and PM2.5 in the Greater Tubatse Municipality, South Africa. Monthly samples were collected over 12 months (July 2015 to June 2016) using the inexpensive and easy to operate passive samplers of the University of North Carolina. Sites for sample collection were located at private residences, a church, a hospital and a school. Concentrations of PM10, PM2.5 and PM chemical components were determined using computer-controlled scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The annual observed concentrations at all sites were below the South African National Ambient Air Quality Standards of 40 μg/m3 for PM10 and 25 μg/m3 for PM2.5. The Cr-rich and CrFe-rich particles showed substantial heterogeneity with high concentrations observed near the chrome smelters, and Si-rich particles were highest near the silicon mine. SiAl-rich particles were highest at sites close to busy roads, while SiAlFe-rich particles were less spatially distributed. The low spatial variability of SiAlFe-rich particles indicates that these elements are mainly found in crustal material. Using the synoptic meteorological parameters of The Air Pollution Model, we were unable to effectively determine correlations between PM10 and mixing height, Monin–Obukhov length, air pollution potential, or coefficient of divergence.
Significance:

We have shown that the use of University of North Carolina passive samplers coupled with computer-controlled scanning electron microscopy is effective in determining the chemical composition of PM.
The use of passive samplers is a cheap and effective method to collect data in remote areas of South Africa which have limited or no electricity supply.
Assessment of the spatial distribution of PM and PM chemical components can assist in the development of effective air quality management strategies.
Implementation of Event-Based Dynamic Authentication on MQTT Protocol
Authors: Pahlevi Rizka Reza , Sukarno Parman , Erfianto Bayu 
Published: September 2019

This paper proposes an authentication mechanism on the MQ Telemetry Transport (MQTT) protocol. The exchange of data in the IoT system became an important activity. The MQTT protocol is a fast and lightweight communication protocol for IoT. One of the problems with the MQTT protocol is that there is no security mechanism in the initial setup. One security attack may occur during the client registration phase. The client registration phase has a vulnerability to accept false clients due to the absence of an authentication mechanism. An authentication mechanism has been previously made using Transport Layer Security (TLS). However, the TLS mechanism consumes more than 100 KB of data memory and is not suitable for devices that have limitations. Therefore, a suitable authentication mechanism for constraint devices is required. This paper proposes a protocol for authentication mechanisms using dynamic and event-based authentication for the MQTT protocol. The eventbased is used to reduce the computing burden of constraint devices. Dynamic usage is intended to provide different authentication properties for each session so that it can improve authentication security. As results, the applied of the event-based dynamic authentication protocol was successful in the constraint devices of microcontrollers and broker. The microcontroller, as a client, is able to process the proposed protocol. The client uses 52% of the memory for the proposed protocol and only consumes 2% higher than the protocol without security. The broker can find authentic clients and constraint devices capable of computing to carry out mutual authentication processes to clients. The broker uses a maximum of 4.3 MB of real memory and a maximum CPU usage of 3.7%.
Internet addiction among adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Authors: LUŞ Melek , EROĞLU Meliha Zengin 
Published: September 2019

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relationship between Internet addiction (IA) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) among adolescents. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted with adolescents aged 12–17; ADHD group consisted of 100 children were diagnosed with ADHD and the control group of the study consisted of 95 children who did not have any psychiatric diagnosis. A total of 195 adolescents completed the Young Internet Addiction Scale (YIAS) and were assessed for ADHD symptoms. Personal Information Questionnaire was used to obtain information about characteristics of internet usage. Results: The average YIAS score of ADHD group is 30.97±17.74 and found to be significantly higher than the control group. The most preferred website by the ADHD group is computer game sites (35%). ADHD group prefer to play adventure games mostly (27%)There is no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of parent’s control rate of internet usage, disrupting effect of internet usage on daily activity, rate of negative effects of internet usage on family relations and friendship relations and effects of internet usage on eating and sleeping habits.Conclusion: As we know from previous studies, the association between IA and reward deficiency is also related with the high frequency of comorbid ADHD but our results are incompatible with the literature related to internet addiction and excessive use of the internet. It is considered that prospective longitudinal studies with larger groups are needed.
The 1892 Chaman, Pakistan, Earthquake
Authors: Bilham Roger , Kakar Najeeb Ullah , Kakar Din Mohammad , Wang Kang , Bürgmann Roland , Barnhart William D. 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT
The >1000‐km‐long transform fault defining the continental western boundary of the Indian plate (Fig. 1) is named after the town of Old Chaman (30.85° N, 66.52° E) that was damaged by an 6.5<Mw<6.7 earthquake there in 1892 (Griesbach, 1893). We quantify slip and afterslip in the 1892 earthquake from historical reports of rail offsets and rotation, and estimate rupture length from survey reports. We estimate that total slip exceeded 1 m, similar to the current potential slip deficit now prevailing on the fault derived from recent Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar and Global Positioning System studies. As a consequence, a recurrence of the 1892 earthquake could soon occur. In 1892, the population of Chaman numbered less than 1000. The present population of Chaman and nearby villages exceeds 0.5 million.
Combustion Derived SrTiO3: Synthesis, Characterization and Evaluation of Electrochemical Behavior Towards Quantification of Hg(II) Ions
Authors: Manjunath Kusuma , Adarakatti Prashanth Shivappa , Malingappa Pandurangappa , Chandrappa Gujjarahalli Thimmanna 
Published: September 2019

<p>In this work, we are reporting the synthesis of porous SrTiO3 nanoparticles by using solution combustion route employing strontium nitrate and titanium-peroxo complex as oxidizer. The results of physico-analytical techniques revealed that SrTiO3 have a relatively small particle size, good dispersibility and diminished agglomeration. Powder X-ray diffraction pattern shows cubic perovskite structure (space group Pm3m) and the morphology was observed using a scanning electron microscope. The band gap of 3.24 eV was calculated using the diffuse reflectance spectrum. The surface area (~26.51 m2/g) of SrTiO3 was measured by BET method. SrTiO3 nanoparticles show violet-blue-green photoluminescence emission spectrum at room temperature. The photocatalytic degradation was carried out to investigate the photocatalytic activity of SrTiO3 under UV-light and evaluated for the electrochemical quantification of Hg(II) ions in aqueous solution using differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry. The results reveal that SrTiO3 nanoparticles show better quantification result for Hg(II) ions. </p>
THE IMPLEMENTATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF PRODUCTIVE WAQF IN INDONESIA: CASE AT MALANG ISLAMIC HOSPITAL
Authors: Qurrata Vika Annisa , Narmaditya Bagus Shandy , Seprillina Linda , Hussain Nor Ermawati Binti 
Published: September 2019

Purpose of the study: This study intended to analysis the implementation and development of productive waqf in Malang, Indonesia. In addition, it addressed to understand the operational management of productive waqf Islamic hospital in Malang.
Methodology: The research applied a qualitative method in order to comprehensively understand the existing phenomenon. The qualitative data analysis model used in this research followed the process of data reduction, display data, and verification by Miles & Huberman (1984). Purposively, the sample of the research was in an Islamic hospital in Malang considering various relevant reasons. The data were collected through focus group discussion between stakeholders including waqf recipient (Mauquf’Alaih), waqf management (Nazhir) and researches.
Main Findings: The findings showed that the implementation of productive waqf has shown favorable outcomes in attaining local community’s needs that lead to the economic welfare of communities. The management model of productive a waqf is divided into a certain considered portion for business development, Mauquf’Alaih, and Nazhir.
Applications of this study: In its development, productive waqf management should consider potential factors such as human resources and community awareness.
Novelty/Originality of this study: The research provides insight into the nature of the productive waqf model as an attempt to enhance economic welfare.
SEDIMENTOLOGY AND CARBON ISOTOPE (δ13C) STRATIGRAPHY OF SILURIAN–DEVONIAN BOUNDARY INTERVAL STRATA, APPALACHIAN BASIN (PENNSYLVANIA, USA)
Authors: HESS ANYA V. , TROP JEFFREY M. 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTSilurian–Devonian boundary interval strata deposited during the expansion of land plants record a major perturbation of the carbon cycle, the global Klonk Event, one of the largest carbon isotope excursions during the Phanerozoic. In the Appalachian Basin, these marine strata record the regional buildup to the Acadian Orogeny. This study reports new sedimentologic, paleontologic, ichnologic, and carbon isotope data from an exceptional quarry exposure in central Pennsylvania, USA, a historically understudied area between better-documented outcrops >500 km away to the southwest (West Virginia, Virginia, Maryland) and northeast (New York). Facies spanning the continuous 113-m thick outcrop are dominantly carbonate and fine-grained siliciclastic strata interpreted as being deposited in supratidal through subtidal environments, including oxygen-limited environments below storm wave base. They record parts of three transgressive-regressive cycles, in the (1) upper Silurian Tonoloway Formation, (2) upper Silurian–Lower Devonian Keyser Formation through lower Mandata Member of the Old Port Formation, and (3) Lower Devonian Mandata through Ridgeley Members of the Old Port Formation. Micrite matrix δ13Ccarb analyses exhibit a large, positive δ13Ccarb excursion (>5‰ amplitude). Outcrops of this interval in the Appalachian Basin occur in two belts, between which correlation has been historically challenging. The regional correlation presented herein is based on carbon-isotope trends and is more consistent with published conodont biostratigraphy and volcanic ash ages, an improvement over published correlations based on lithostratigraphy. Transgressive-regressive trends at the central Pennsylvania study site are not consistent with regional trends, indicating that local controls (tectonics, sediment supply) rather than global (eustasy) dominated depositional patterns in the Silurian–Devonian boundary interval in the Appalachian Basin.
Effect of Pressure on Vapor/Oil Gravity Drainage in Fractured Reservoirs
Authors: Tang Brandon , Anand Neha , Nguyen Bradley , Sie Chao-yu , Verlaan Marco , Castellanos Orlando , Nguyen Quoc P. 
Published: September 2019

Summary
This fundamental research is part of a larger study in determining the capability of a solvent process, referred to as vapor/oil gravity drainage (VOGD), for enhancing gravity drainage of viscous oil in fractured reservoirs by the injection of solvent. The solvent can be designed to traverse the reservoir mostly in its vapor phase at the reservoir temperature and pressure. Heated solvent vapor can also be used to facilitate the propagation of solvent vapor in low-temperature reservoirs, taking advantage of both thermal- and solvent-recovery processes. The experimental setup and corresponding acquired data were previously introduced by the authors in Anand et al. (2018), in which the effects of temperature, solvent-injection rate, and solvent type [n-butane and dichloromethane (DCM)] were investigated. Results from Anand et al. (2018) indicated encouraging high oil rates and ultimate recoveries; results also demonstrated that the oil rates and recovery were affected by diffusion and dispersion (in the form of intrinsic gas rate), asphaltene precipitation, and capillary pressure. The intent of our present work is to further study the mechanisms behind VOGD—in particular, those related to operating pressure and solvent-vapor/oil capillary pressure. The results from this work show that the ultimate recovery and oil rate are positively correlated to the operating pressure; experiments conducted at 50 and 75% saturation pressure (Psat) yielded lower ultimate oil recoveries, ranging from 33 to 68% of original oil in place (OOIP), compared with the experiments conducted at 90% Psat (recovery of 70% OOIP). Moreover, n-butane performed better than DCM, and lower asphaltene precipitation was seen at lower Psat. The main drivers for these observations were found to be lower solvent solubility and larger capillary pressure values at lower values of Psat.