bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
College Program Directory
Authors: Of Emergency Management Journal 
Published: March 2019

We are pleased to present the inaugural edition of our Journal of Emergency Management Higher Education Program Directory.Our goal was simple, to create an authoritative directory where persons looking towards emergency management could get comprehensive data on all the higher education programs in the field. This profession has a diverse number of entry points. From post-secondary school to professionals changing careers or leaders in the field seeking additional education, individuals need information to pick the programs that will allow for their success.The concept grew out of my recent travels with my sons to local "college fairs" in the Boston area. As we walked the isles past hundreds of colleges, there were signs for "STEM," "Journalism," "Medicine," "Biotech" and more, but there was not one sign promoting "Emergency Management" or "Disaster Sciences." I thought that was a real tragedy as we need leading edge trained professionals to expand the disaster sciences. We need new thought leaders who can do leading-edge research in the four phases of emergency management: mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery and roll that into practical applications that will help reduce the exploding costs of disasters both in people and property.
DNA methylation pattern of the goat &lt;i&gt;PITX1&lt;/i&gt; gene and its effects on milk performance
Authors: Zhao Haiyu , Zhang Sihuan , Wu Xianfeng , Pan Chuanying , Li Xiangchen , Lei Chuzhao , Chen Hong , Lan Xianyong 
Published: March 2019

Abstract. Paired-like homeodomain transcription factor 1 (PITX1) is a pivotal gene in the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis, which is a well-known pathway affecting lactation performance. The aim of this study was to analyze the DNA methylation profile of the PITX1 gene and its relevance to milk performance in Xinong Saanen dairy goats; thus, potential epigenetic markers of lactation performance were identified. A total of 267 goat blood samples were divided into “low” and “high” groups according to two milk traits: the average milk yield (AMY) and the average milk density (AMD). One CpG island in the 3′-flanking region of the PITX1 gene was identified as being related to milk performance. Fisher's exact test demonstrated that the methylation rates of the overall CpG island and the 3rd and 12th CpG-dinucleotide loci in the blood were significantly associated with the AMY, and the overall methylation rate of the high AMY group was relative hypomethylation compared with the low AMY group. The overall methylation rates of this CpG island in mammary gland tissue from dry and lactation periods again exhibited a significant difference: the lactation period showed relative hypomethylation compared with the dry period. Bioinformatic transcription factor binding site prediction identified some lactation performance related transcription factors in this CpG island, such as CTCF, STAT, SMAD, CDEF, SP1, and KLFS. Briefly, overall methylation changes of the CpG island in the PITX1 gene are relevant to lactation performance, which will be valuable for future studies and epigenetic marker-assisted selection (eMAS) in the breeding of goats with respect to lactation performance.
Clinical ladders are positively associated with job satisfaction and career advancement for registered dietitians in clinical nutrition management
Authors: Lessar Susan , Vanderveldt Elena , Shan Liang , Meacham Susan 
Published: March 2019

Background: Following a change in reporting structure, Registered Dietitian Nutritionists (RDNs) in a Virginia hospital system provided patients with better care, cost savings, and almost doubled clinical nutrition staff from 2008 to 2013. Objective The study was conducted to determine if the administrative alignment of RDNs in their place of employment 1) allows them to perform to their greatest scope of practice and 2) influences job perceptions.Methods: A survey was developed and distributed nationally to CNMs and their coworkers. Statistical analyses: Using SPSS 24, univariate descriptive statistics and bivariate analyses were conducted. Contingency tables were generated and Pearson Chi-square tests and as appropriate Fishers’ exact tests were used to draw statistical inferences.Results: Respondents (n=508) represented four regions of the US with various job titles. Some reported to vice presidents of support services (34%) and others reported to vice presidents overseeing both clinical and support services (26%). Respondents, regardless of alignment, were either ‘satisfied’ (47%) or ‘very satisfied’ (36%) with their current positions. Most (74%) were in a nutrition department separate from food service. There was no difference in education (p=0.87) or pay (p=0.62) dependent on reporting structure. However, when RDNs reported to a clinical nutrition department, separate from food service, it was more likely that there was a clinical ladder for RDNs and there were more levels on the clinical ladder.Conclusion: This survey suggests alignment of a clinical nutrition department is associated with a higher likelihood that RDNs will have a clinical ladder to promote career advancement.
Patronin governs minus-end-out orientation of dendritic microtubules to promote dendrite pruning in Drosophila
Authors: Wang Yan , Rui Menglong , Tang Quan , Bu Shufeng , Yu Fengwei 
Published: March 2019

Class IV ddaC neurons specifically prune larval dendrites without affecting axons during Drosophila metamorphosis. ddaCs distribute the minus ends of microtubules (MTs) to dendrites but the plus ends to axons. However, a requirement of MT minus-end-binding proteins in dendrite-specific pruning remains completely unknown. Here, we identified Patronin, a minus-end-binding protein, for its crucial and dose-sensitive role in ddaC dendrite pruning. The CKK domain is important for Patronin’s function in dendrite pruning. Moreover, we show that both patronin knockdown and overexpression resulted in a drastic decrease of MT minus ends and a concomitant increase of plus-end-out MTs in ddaC dendrites, suggesting that Patronin stabilizes dendritic minus-end-out MTs. Consistently, attenuation of Klp10A MT depolymerase in patronin mutant neurons significantly restored minus-end-out MTs in dendrites and thereby rescued dendrite-pruning defects. Thus, our study demonstrates that Patronin orients minus-end-out MT arrays in dendrites to promote dendrite-specific pruning mainly through antagonizing Klp10A activity.Editorial note: This article has been through an editorial process in which the authors decide how to respond to the issues raised during peer review. The Reviewing Editor's assessment is that minor issues remain unresolved (see <xref ref-type="decision-letter" rid="SA1">decision letter</xref>).
Sustainable Development in Education Model for Kenya Vision 2030
Authors: Michura Eliud Garry 
Published: March 2019

Education for sustainable development (ESD) which started in 1972 in Rio and was introduced in Kenya in 2010 after signing an MOU between Israel and Kenya as pilot model using a few schools as demonstration centers. It is being debatable if 8-4-4 should be transformed to ESD. Key questions to be addressed; why, how when and whom are our children direction for future? ESD model provides hope for our children and the realization of vision 2030. The 8-4-4 system of education is more skewed towards theoretical knowledge than practical one and falls short in driving Kenyan vision 2030. Education is the most powerful tool in transforming a community and drives people towards sustainable society. All education stakeholders speak in one voice, the need to transform our education system. Strikes, destruction of school facilities, increased use of drugs- alcohol uptake characterize our education. There is a compelling and logical need to transform 8-4-4 education and integrate it with Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) in all education institutions. Lack of innovations and unemployment among others are attributes to 8-4-4 system of education in our society. This research carried a case study of Kiamaina primary school in Nakuru County which is a role model of ESD out of the 9 schools practicing integrated education system (8-4-4 and ESD). Having attended a small holder training workshop at KEMI in Nairobi organized by Ofri- Israel on Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) in July 2015, it captured attention of my colleagues and I decided to write this paper. Developed nations have used ESD model and that is the reason for their achievements. ESD is more realistic, scholarly, practical, and holistic and talent orientated education program. The ESD approach stands for self-development in social, spiritual, environmental and scholarly issues. ESD recognizes that each child is unique and develops three most important faculties in human; that is the mind for knowledge development, the physical for body work to use local resources and the spiritual for moral and ethical behavior. Investment in education is key for the future social, economic, political and environmental sustainability. It is strongly recommended that, ESD be adopted in all learning institutions.
A Novel Stress Indicating RP-HPLC Method Development and Validation for the Simultaneous Estimation of Velpatasvir and Sofosbuvir in Bulk and Its Tablet Dosage Form
Authors: Chinababu D. 
Published: March 2019

Aim: The objective of the study was simplest, accurate, precise and robust reversed phase high performance liquid chromatographic (RP-HPLC) method was developed for the estimation of Velpatasvir (VEL) and Sofosbuvir (SOF) in the bulk and its tablet dosage form.
Study Design: The Quantitative and Qualitative estimation and designed forced degradation study of Velpatasvir & Sofosbuvir by RP-HPLC.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried at Santhiram College of Pharmacy and time taken 4 months.
Method: The method was attained by used Waters( 5µm, C18 250 x 4.6 mm) column with mobile phase consists of 0.5 mM disodium hydrogen phosphate buffer pH adjusted to 6.5, with Orthophosphoric acid and Methanol in the ratio of 78:22 v/v, a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min and ultraviolet detection at 285 nm.
Results: The method was validated as per ICH guidelines with different parameters, the mean retention times of VEL and SOF were found to be 2.8 & 4.7 min respectively. The resolution between VEL and SOF was found to be 10.66. The Correlation coefficients for calibration curves within the detection range of 32.5 - 97.5 and 125 - 375 µg/mL were 0.999 for VEL and SOF respectively. The LOD and LOQ for VEL and SOF were found to be 0.0068-0.029 µg/mL and 0.104-0.342 µg/mL respectively.
Conclusion: The results were indicated that the developed method was used for the routine analysis of VEL & SOF combined form in bulk and its commercial formulation. To the best of our knowledge, there was no method of RP-HPLC for the determination of VEL alone or in combination with SOF molecule.
Sickle cell microvascular paradox—oxygen supply‐demand mismatch
Authors: Detterich Jon A. , Kato Roberta , Bush Adam , Chalacheva Patjanaporn , Ponce Derek , De Zoysa Madushka , Shah Payal , Khoo Michael C. , Meiselman Herbert J. , Coates Thomas D. , Wood John C. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractWe have previously demonstrated that sickle cell disease (SCD) patients maintain normal global systemic and cerebral oxygen delivery by increasing cardiac output. However, ischemic end‐organ injury remains common suggesting that tissue oxygen delivery may be impaired by microvascular dysregulation or damage. To test this hypothesis, we performed fingertip laser Doppler flowmetry measurements at the base of the nailbed and regional oxygen saturation (rSO2) on the dorsal surface of the same hand. This was done during flow mediated dilation (FMD) studies in 26 chronically transfused SCD, 75 non‐transfused SCD, and 18 control subjects. Chronically transfused SCD patients were studied prior to and following a single transfusion and there was no acute change in rSO2 or perfusion. Laser Doppler estimates of resting perfusion were 76% higher in non‐transfused and 110% higher in transfused SCD patients, compared to control subjects. In contrast, rSO2 was 12 saturation points lower in non‐transfused SCD patients, but normal in the transfused SCD patients. During cuff occlusion, rSO2 declined at the same rate in all subjects suggesting similar intrinsic oxygen consumption rates. Upon cuff release, laser doppler post occlusive hyperemia was blunted in SCD patients in proportion to their resting perfusion values. Transfusion therapy did not improve the hyperemia response. FMD was impaired in SCD subjects but partially ameliorated in transfused SCD subjects. Taken together, non‐transfused SCD subjects demonstrate impaired conduit artery FMD, impaired microcirculatory post‐occlusive hyperemia, and resting hypoxia in the hand despite compensated oxygen delivery, suggesting impaired oxygen supply‐demand matching. Transfusion improves FMD and oxygen supply‐demand matching but not microcirculation hyperemic response.
Assessment of Scrub Practitioners’ List of Intraoperative Non‐Technical Skills (SPLINTS) in an Asian Ambulatory Surgical Setting
Authors: Loh Huey Peng , De Korne Dirk Frans , Yin Shan Qing , Ang Emily , Lau Ying 
Published: March 2019

AbstractCommunication and other nontechnical skills can affect the number of adverse events occurring in perioperative areas. Our study assessed the properties of the Scrub Practitioners’ List of Intraoperative Non‐Technical Skills (SPLINTS) used to assess nontechnical skills of scrub nurses in a diverse Asian ophthalmic ambulatory setting. We evaluated the content validation index, cultural equivalence index, concurrent validity, interrater reliability, test‐retest reliability, internal consistency, and concurrent validity. The content validity and cultural equivalence indices were 0.93 and 0.91, respectively. We found that the tool showed acceptable interrater reliability, acceptable test‐retest reliability, and an appropriate Cronbach alpha ranging from 0.80 to 0.88. We found satisfactory concurrent validity between the SPLINTS and the communication and teamwork scale assessment (rs = 0.73, P < .001) and clinical teamwork scale (rs = 0.64, P < .001). We concluded that SPLINTS is a sound psychometric tool for assessing the nontechnical skills of culturally‐diverse scrub persons in ambulatory surgery settings.
Optimization, purification, and characterization of hydroxylamine oxidoreductase from Acinetobacter sp. Y1
Authors: Liu Yuxiang , Yuan Xin , Liu Zeying 
Published: March 2019

AbstractHydroxylamine oxidoreductase (HAO) is a key enzyme involved in ammonium removal pathway. To further study the enzyme, HAO was purified from heterotrophic nitrifier Acinetobacter sp. Y1 and its property was investigated. Results of single‐factor experiments showed that the optimal carbon source, nitrogen source, and C/N ratio were trisodium citrate, ammonium sulfate, and 14, respectively, with incubation time of 16 H. DEAE SefinoseTM FF anion‐exchange chromatography was used to purify HAO, followed by SefinoseTM CL‐6B gel filtration chromatography. SDS‐PAGE revealed that a 47 kDa enzyme was purified successfully, with a purification fold of 7.32 and a recovery rate of 19.40%. The optimized enzyme activity of purified HAO was tested at pH 8.0 and 30 °C. The results showed that the activity was increased by 43.78% and 25.64% in the presence of 1 mM Fe2+ and Fe3+, respectively. HAO activity was increased with the increase of Na+ and K+, Mn2+, Zn2+, Cu2+, Ca2+, Ba2+ inhibited the HAO activity at three concentrations. In addition, HAO activity was activated by ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid at 0.4 mM, and a negative effect arose as the dose increased. The purified enzyme from Y1 is different from other reported HAOs. Further study should be conducted to investigate the enzyme.
Growth factor sustained delivery from poly‐lactic‐co‐glycolic acid microcarriers and its mass transfer modeling by finite element in a dynamic and static three‐dimensional environment bioengineered with stem cells
Authors: Trucillo Emanuele , Bisceglia Bruno , Valdrè Giovanni , Giordano Emanuele , Reverchon Ernesto , Maffulli Nicola , Della Porta Giovanna 
Published: March 2019

AbstractPoly‐lactic‐co‐glycolic acid (PLGA) microcarriers (0.8 ± 0.2 μm) have been fabricated with a load of 20 μg/gPLGA by an emulsion‐based‐proprietary technology to sustained deliver human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (hBMP2), a growth factor largely used for osteogenic induction. hBMP2 release profile, measured in vitro, showed a moderate “burst” release of 20% of the load in first 3 days, followed by a sustained release of 3% of the load along the following 21 days. PLGA microbeads loaded with fluorescent marker (8 mg/gPLGA) and hydroxyapatite (30 mg/gPLGA) were also fabricated and successfully dispersed within three‐dimensional (3D) alginate scaffold (Ca‐alginate 2% wt/wt) in a range between 50 and 200 mg/cm3; the presence of microcarriers within the scaffold induced a variation of its stiffness between 0.03 and 0.06 MPa; whereas the scaffold surface area was monitored always in the range of 190–200 m2/g. Uniform microcarriers dispersion was obtained up to 200 mg/cm3; higher loading values in the 3D scaffold produced large aggregates. The release data and the surface area were, then, used to simulate by finite element modeling the hBMP2 mass transfer within the 3D hydrogel bioengineered with stem cells, in dynamic and static cultivations. The simulation was developed with COMSOL Multiphysics® giving a good representation of hBMP2 mass balances along microbeads (bulk eroded) and on cell surface (cell binding). hBMP2 degradation rate was also taken into account in the simulations. hBMP2 concentration of 20 ng/cm3 was set as a target because it has been described as the minimum effective value for stem cells stimulation versus the osteogenic phenotype. The sensitivity analysis suggested the best microbeads/cells ratio in the 3D microenvironment, along 21 days of cultivations in both static and dynamic cultivation (perfusion) conditions. The simulated formulation was so assembled experimentally using human mesenchymal stem cells and an improved scaffold stiffness up to 0.09 MPa (n = 3; p ≤ 0.01) was monitored after 21 days of cultivation; moreover a uniform extracellular matrix deposition within the 3D system was detected by Von Kossa staining, especially in dynamic conditions. The results indicated that the described tool can be useful for the design of 3D bioengineered microarchitecture by quantitative understanding.
Synthesis of polyketides from low cost substrates by the thermotolerant yeast Kluyveromyces marxianus
Authors: McTaggart Tami L. , Bever Danielle , Bassett Shane , Da Silva Nancy A. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractKluyveromyces marxianus is a promising nonconventional yeast for biobased chemical production due to its rapid growth rate, high TCA cycle flux, and tolerance to low pH and high temperature. Unlike Saccharomyces cerevisiae, K. marxianus grows on low‐cost substrates to cell densities that equal or surpass densities in glucose, which can be beneficial for utilization of lignocellulosic biomass (xylose), biofuel production waste (glycerol), and whey (lactose). We have evaluated K. marxianus for the synthesis of polyketides, using triacetic acid lactone (TAL) as the product. The 2‐pyrone synthase (2‐PS) was expressed on a CEN/ARS plasmid in three different strains, and the effects of temperature, carbon source, and cultivation strategy on TAL levels were determined. The highest titer was obtained in defined 1% xylose medium at 37°C, with substantial titers at 41 and 43°C. The introduction of a high‐stability 2‐PS mutant and a promoter substitution increased titer four‐fold. 2‐PS expression from a multi‐copy pKD1‐based plasmid improved TAL titers a further five‐fold. Combining the best plasmid, promoter, and strain resulted in a TAL titer of 1.24 g/L and a yield of 0.0295 mol TAL/mol carbon for this otherwise unengineered strain in 3 ml tube culture. This is an excellent titer and yield (on xylose) before metabolic engineering or fed‐batch culture relative to other hosts (on glucose), and demonstrates the promise of this rapidly growing and thermotolerant yeast species for polyketide production.
Dispersion and Phase Separation of Water‐Oil‐Amphiphile Systems in Stirred Tanks
Authors: Hohl Lena , Röder Vanessa , Kraume Matthias 
Published: March 2019

AbstractDrop size distributions and phase separation behavior of water‐oil‐nonionic amphiphile systems are investigated using an in situ endoscope measurement technique and an external camera in stirred tanks in batch mode. The fitting procedure and the simulation results of a phase separation model are analyzed under the condition that either the swarm sedimentation speed or the mean drop size during sedimentation is known. The steady‐state drop size distributions are self‐similar over the whole range of process parameters, but not in the decaying turbulence field after agitation stop. The coalescence rate in the first seconds after agitation stop clearly affects the separation behavior, so that a prediction of the separation time based on the initial conditions in steady state is not trivial.
DNA barcodes and evidence of cryptic diversity of anthropophagous mosquitoes in Quintana Roo, Mexico
Authors: Chan‐Chable Rahuel J. , Martínez‐Arce Arely , Mis‐Avila Pedro C. , Ortega‐Morales Aldo I. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractCulicidae mosquitoes are potential vectors of pathogens that affect human health. The correct species identification, as well as the discovery and description of cryptic species, is important in public health for the control and management of specific vectors. In the present study, the diversity of anthropophagous mosquitoes in Quintana Roo, at the border between Mexico and Belize, was evaluated using morphological and molecular data (COI‐DNA Barcoding). A total of 1,413 adult female specimens were collected, belonging to eight genera and 31 morphospecies. Most species formed well‐supported clades. Intraspecific Kimura 2 parameters (K2P) distance average was 0.75%, and a maximum distance of 4.40% was observed for Anopheles crucianss.l. ABGD method identified 28 entities, while 32 entities were identified with the BIN system. In Culex interrogator and Culex nigripalpus a low interspecific genetic distance of 0.1% was observed. One undescribed species belonging to the genus Aedes (Aedesn. sp.) was discovered, but no clear genetic divergence was found between this species and the closely related species Aedes angustivittatus. An intraspecific K2P distance greater than 2.7% was observed in Aedes serratus(3.9%), Anopheles crucianss.l. (4.4%), Culex taeniopus (3.7%), Haemagogus equinus (3.9%), Culex erraticus (5.0%), Psorophora ferox (4.5%), and in Anopheles apicimacula(8.10%); therefore, evidences of cryptic diversity are shown in these species. This study showed that DNA barcodes offer a reliable framework for mosquito species identification in Quintana Roo, except for some closely related species for which it is recommended to use additional nuclear genetic markers such as ITS2, in order to resolve these small discrepancies.