bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of Metal–Organic Sulfides as Anode Materials for Lithium‐Ion Batteries at Room Temperature
Authors: Chen Tianrui , Mu Deying , Li Ruhong , Liu Jianchao , Ma Quanxin , Ding Fei , Dai Changsong 
Published: November 2018

To relieve the volume effect of metal‐based anode materials for lithium‐ion batteries the size of the active material is reduced to a limit, and organic frameworks are used to provide cushioning for volume expansion. Tin‐based sulfide is designed by 1,3,5‐triazine‐2,4,6‐trithiol trisodium (TMT), and tin dichloride is synthesized at room temperature. TMT like the “solvent” of metal ions has a good electrical conductivity, which makes metal ions disperse in the organic conductive skeleton at the atomic level. A carbon nanotube is introduced to enhance the conductivity among the active particles, and the tin‐based materials deliver a high specific capacity of 713 mAh g−1 at a current density of 500 mA g−1 after 500 cycles. In addition, using Ni2+, Co2+, or Mn2+ instead of Sn2+, the conversion type of the metal‐based anode materials are prepared by the same method, and they also exhibit excellent electrochemical properties.
Hybrid testing with model updating on steel panel damper substructures using a multi‐axial testing system
Authors: Wang Kung‐Juin , Chuang Ming‐Chieh , Tsai Keh‐Chyuan , Li Chao‐Hsien , Chin Pu‐Yuan , Chueh Shen‐Yuo 
Published: November 2018

SummaryThis paper describes a series of hybrid tests performed on a steel panel damper (SPD) specimen by using a multi‐axial testing system. The building under investigation adopted a three‐dimensional six‐story moment resisting frame with four SPDs installed at each story as the main seismic resisting system. The structural model was subjected to bi‐directional ground excitations of three hazard levels. The finite element analysis program “Platform of Inelastic Structural Analysis for 3D Systems” (PISA3D) was used as the analysis kernel for hybrid tests. Relevant programming extensions in PISA3D were created to support geographically distributed hybrid testing in a general‐purpose manner. An external displacement control (EDC) method was developed such that the actual boundary deformation of the specimen fixtures could be continuously measured and immediately compensated during tests. An online model updating (OMU) technique was developed and employed such that the material properties of the specimen could be identified directly from the specimen response during the test. The identified material properties were then immediately used to update those of the other relevant numerical elements to enhance the overall simulation fidelity. Superior flexibility of the underlying software architecture was well demonstrated in this series of hybrid tests since no hardcoding was used to support all the complex test settings. Test results confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed EDC method, as well as the capacity of the proposed OMU technique to satisfactorily and efficiently capture the hysteretic properties of the specimen.
Prognostics of a multistack PEMFC system with multiagent modeling
Authors: Liu Jie , Zio Enrico 
Published: November 2018

AbstractCurrent research on prognostics of PEMFC mainly focuses on one stack. However, in practice, the PEMFC stacks are assembled together to provide higher and more reliable power. In this paper, an original multiagent approach is proposed for predicting the remaining useful life‐times of all stacks in a multistack PEMFC system. The predictions are updated dynamically by particle filtering when new stack loads are collected. The major contribution of the paper is not on degradation modeling of a single PEMFC, but on the cooperative prognostics of multiple PEMFC stacks in the same power system. A case study concerning a synthetic combined heat and power system with three PEMFC stacks is considered and the results show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Transverse canyon incision and sedimentary basin excavation driven by drainage integration, Aravaipa Creek, AZ, USA
Authors: Jungers Matthew C. , Heimsath Arjun M. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractDrainage reorganization events have the potential to drive incision and erosion at high rates normally attributed to tectonic or climatic forcing. It can be difficult, however, to isolate the signal of transient events driven by drainage integration from longer term tectonic or climatic forcing. We exploit an ideal field setting in Aravaipa Creek Basin of southeastern Arizona, USA, to isolate just such a signal. Aravaipa Creek Basin underwent a period of transient incision that formed Aravaipa Canyon, evacuating a significant volume of sedimentary basin fill and Tertiary bedrock from the previously internally drained basin. We use digital terrain analyses to reconstruct the pre‐incision landscapes of both Aravaipa Creek Basin and the adjacent Lower San Pedro Basin, which we use to quantify the magnitude of incision and erosion since the drainage basins integrated. Terrestrial cosmogenic nuclide burial dates from 10Be and 26Al concentrations in latest stage basin fill in Aravaipa Creek enable us to calculate long‐term incision and erosion rates from 3 Myr to the present. A 10Be concentration–depth profile from the Lower San Pedro Basin confirms that the San Pedro River incised into its high stand deposits prior to 350 000–400 000 years ago. Combining our landscape reconstructions with these age constraints, we determine that the transient rates of incision that created Aravaipa Canyon were 150 m/Myr or more, but that the background rate of erosion since integration is an order of magnitude lower, between 10 and 20 m/Myr. These results support our growing understanding that tectonic and climatic forcings need not apply for all episodes of rapid, transient incision and erosion during landscape evolution. © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
3D Macroporous Zinc Compound/Silicone Hybrid Foams for Amperometric Sensing of Glucose Oxidase
Authors: Wu Ye , Fu Hao , Xie Weiwei , Lin Yingcheng , Kizilkaya Orhan , Xu Jian 
Published: November 2018

AbstractA 3D porous matrix makes an intriguing sensing platform, which can integrate functional guest molecules. Here, the first demonstration of a zinc compound/silicone hybrid foam is reported for amperometric sensing of glucose oxidase. The silicone foam is fabricated by a self‐developed solid‐filling‐melting method. Two zinc‐based polymers, Zn‐Compound‐1 and Zn‐Compound‐2, are synthesized. Zn‐Compound‐1 and Zn‐Compound‐2 are characterized by X‐ray diffraction, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and X‐ray absorption nearedge structure spectroscopy of carbon K‐edge, oxygen K‐edge, and zinc L‐edge. Effective amperometric sensing of glucose oxidase is achieved by introducing Zn‐Compound‐1 or Zn‐Compound‐2 into the silicone foam, i.e., an increase of the concentration of the glucose oxidase led to an increase of detected current. This phenomenon can be explained by a possible mechanism of the formation of electron extra bands.
Photobiomodulation improves the frontal cognitive function of older adults
Authors: Chan Agnes S. , Lee Tsz Lok , Yeung Michael K. , Hamblin Michael R. 
Published: November 2018

ObjectivesThe frontal lobe hypothesis of age‐related cognitive decline suggests that the deterioration of the prefrontal cortical regions that occurs with aging leads to executive function deficits. Photobiomodulation (PBM) is a newly developed, noninvasive technique for enhancing brain function, which has shown promising effects on cognitive function in both animals and humans. This randomized, sham‐controlled study sought to examine the effects of PBM on the frontal brain function of older adults.Methods/designsThirty older adults without a neuropsychiatric history performed cognitive tests of frontal function (ie, the Eriksen flanker and category fluency tests) before and after a single 7.5‐minute session of real or sham PBM. The PBM device consisted of three separate light‐emitting diode cluster heads (633 and 870 nm), which were applied to both sides of the forehead and posterior midline, and delivered a total energy of 1349 J.ResultsSignificant group (experimental, control) × time (pre‐PBM, post‐PBM) interactions were found for the flanker and category fluency test scores. Specifically, only the older adults who received real PBM exhibited significant improvements in their action selection, inhibition ability, and mental flexibility after vs before PBM.ConclusionsOur findings support that PBM may enhance the frontal brain functions of older adults in a safe and cost‐effective manner.
Risk perception of a chronic threat of terrorism: Differences based on coping types, gender and exposure
Authors: Cohen‐Louck Keren , Levy Inna 
Published: November 2018

High levels of risk perception of terrorism (RPT) may impair an individual's quality of life and welfare. To understand the mechanisms responsible for RPT, this study investigated the association of gender and coping styles with individual differences in two key elements of RPT: perceived control and perceived vulnerability. A convenience sample of 400 Israelis (181 men and 219 women) filled out questionnaires on sociodemographic background, RPT and coping. Employing a multidimensional approach for coping, we divided participants into four coping types: problem‐focused (n = 65), emotion‐focused (n = 70), mixed (n = 122) and minimal (n = 142). The results indicate that problem‐focused coping is associated with higher levels of perceived control than other types of coping and mixed coping is associated with higher levels of perceived vulnerability than other coping strategies. Also, interactions between gender and exposure to terrorism contributed to understanding the differences in perceived control. The discussion addresses gender differences in RPT and coping in the context of traditional gender roles. The study concludes with implications for risk management and therapeutic interventions regarding high levels of fear of terrorism.
Understanding the Bone in Cancer Metastasis
Authors: Fornetti Jaime , Welm Alana L , Stewart Sheila A 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACT

The bone is the third most common site of metastasis for a wide range of solid tumors including lung, breast, prostate, colorectal, thyroid, gynecologic, and melanoma, with 70% of metastatic prostate and breast cancer patients harboring bone metastasis.1 Unfortunately, once cancer spreads to the bone, it is rarely cured and is associated with a wide range of morbidities including pain, increased risk of fracture, and hypercalcemia. This fact has driven experts in the fields of bone and cancer biology to study the bone, and has revealed that there is a great deal that each can teach the other. The complexity of the bone was first described in 1889 when Stephen Paget proposed that tumor cells have a proclivity for certain organs, where they “seed” into a friendly “soil” and eventually grow into metastatic lesions. Dr. Paget went on to argue that although many study the “seed” it would be paramount to understand the “soil.” Since this original work, significant advances have been made not only in understanding the cell-autonomous mechanisms that drive metastasis, but also alterations which drive changes to the “soil” that allow a tumor cell to thrive. Indeed, it is now clear that the “soil” in different metastatic sites is unique, and thus the mechanisms that allow tumor cells to remain in a dormant or growing state are specific to the organ in question. In the bone, our knowledge of the components that contribute to this fertile “soil” continues to expand, but our understanding of how they impact tumor growth in the bone remains in its infancy. Indeed, we now appreciate that the endosteal niche likely contributes to tumor cell dormancy, and that osteoclasts, osteocytes, and adipocytes can impact tumor cell growth. Here, we discuss the bone microenvironment and how it impacts cancer cell seeding, dormancy, and growth. © 2018 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Efficacy of Chinese herb Cistanche Yishen granules in treatment of tinnitus for patients with chronic nephritis
Authors: Fan Xiaoli , Chen Yue , Li Li , Wang Yang , Zhang Yi , Lu Shan , Zhu Danyang , Sheng Meixiao 
Published: November 2018

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the efficacy of Chinese herb Cistanche Yishen granules (CYG) in the treatment of tinnitus for patients with chronic nephritis.MethodsA total of 89 adult patients were diagnosed with chronic glomerulonephritis from January 2016 to December 2017. All the patients were randomly divided into two groups, such as the control group and the CYG group. The efficacy of tinnitus was determined using tinnitus handicap inventory (THI), Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), pure tone audiometry (PTA), speech reception threshold (SRT), and visual analog scale (VAS) for tinnitus loudness and annoyance.ResultsIn both these two groups of patients, values of THI, PSQI, PTA, SRT, and VAS for tinnitus loudness and annoyance were significantly decreased after the treatment compared with those before treatment. However, all values in CYG group after the treatment were significantly lower than those in the control group.ConclusionCYG could apparently release the tinnitus symptoms in the patients with chronic nephritis. This study might give more clinical evidence for Cistanche in the treatment of tinnitus and give a new treatment method for the patients with tinnitus.
Manipulation of molecular pathways and senescence hallmarks by natural compounds in fibroblast cells
Authors: Momtaz Saeideh , Baeeri Maryam , Rahimifard Mahban , Haghi‐Aminjan Hamed , Hassani Shokoufeh , Abdollahi Mohammad 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAging contributes to an increased risk of developing a number of neurodegenerative and chronic disorders, predominantly related to oxidative stress (OS) and defects in the antioxidant balance. This study focused on the antisenescence effect of four plant species (Falcaria vulgaris, Ixiolirion tataricum, Ajuga chamaecistus, and Scabiosa flavida) on H2O2‐induced premature senescence in rat NIH3T3 fibroblasts, which were found to be rich in effective phytochemicals with traditional ethnobotanical backgrounds. Plant materials were collected, identified, and extracted. To determine the viability of NIH3T3 cells, an MTT assay was conducted. The levels of OS markers and the senescence‐associated ß‐galactosidase (SA‐ß‐GAL) activity were analyzed by the Elisa reader. The cell cycle pattern was evaluated by flow cytometry. The expression of senescence‐related inflammatory cytokines and the molecules involved in aging signaling pathways were investigated using the real‐time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR). H2O2 treatment decreased cell viability and increased lipid peroxidation (LPO) and the reactive oxygen species (ROS) in NIH3T3s. However, S. flavida exhibited low cytotoxicity, reduced OS and SA‐ß‐GAL activities in NIH3T3 cells compared with the H2O2‐treated group. I. tataricum was the second best plant, although it was more toxic to NIHT3T cells. S. flavida decreased G0/G1 arrest and facilitated the G2/M transition of NIH3T3s, also downregulated the expression of p38, p53, p16, and the related inflammatory mediators. S. flavida potentially modulated senescence‐associated hallmarks in fibroblasts exposed to H2O2, thus it may inhibit the aging process via controlling the OS. Therefore it is a promising candidate for future antiaging explorations.
Identification of NPAC as a novel biomarker and regulator for hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Jiecheng , Sun Nannan , Guo Wenfeng , Wu Xiaojie , Yang Xiaoying , Jin Haiyong , Zhang Yueling , Wu Xiaoting , Zhang Fenglian , Hu Ling , Hu Huiling , Gao Yong 
Published: November 2018

AbstractObjectiveHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has a high morbidity and mortality around the world, yet the effective therapeutic option for HCC is still limited. NPAC, also known as glyoxylate reductase 1 homolog, is a new nuclear protein recently implicated in tumor biology. However, the role of NPAC in HCC remains unclear. The present study aimed to evaluate the clinical significance and potential role of NPAC in HCC.MethodsThe NPAC expression in HCC tissues and matched adjacent normal tissues was detected by real‐time polymerase chain reaction, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and Western blot analysis. The clinical significance of the expression of NPAC in HCC was assessed by the Kaplan‐Meier survival curve and the Cox regression model. In addition, we established a doxiline‐induced overexpression of the NPAC system. The effects of NPAC on HCC cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis were checked by CCK‐8 proliferation assays, transwell, and flow cytometry, respectively.ResultsThe NPAC expression was significantly downregulated in HCC tissues and HCC cell lines. NPAC reduction was significantly correlated with poorer survival among patients with HCC, and the multivariate analysis confirmed its independent prognostic value. Furthermore, overexpression of NPAC dramatically suppressed the proliferation of HCC cells and promoted HCC cells apoptosis. Besides, the levels of phosphorylation of janus kinase 2 (JAK2) and signal transduction and activator 3 (STAT3) were significantly reduced after overexpression of NPAC in HCC cell lines.ConclusionsThese results suggest that NPAC may play an important role in the development and progression of HCC, and can act as a novel potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for HCC.
Effect of sodium‐glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor, empagliflozin, and α‐glucosidase inhibitor, voglibose, on hepatic steatosis in an animal model of type 2 diabetes
Authors: Kim Ji‐Won , Lee Ye‐Jee , You Young‐Hye , Moon Min Kyong , Yoon Kun‐Ho , Ahn Yu‐Bae , Ko Seung‐Hyun 
Published: November 2018

AbstractObjectiveWe investigated the effects of sodium‐glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor, empagliflozin, and α‐glucosidase inhibitor, voglibose, on hepatic steatosis in an animal model of type 2 diabetes (T2DM).MethodsEmpagliflozin (OLETF‐EMPA) or voglibose (OLETF‐VOG) was administered to Otsuka Long‐Evans Tokushima fatty (OLETF) rats once daily for 12 weeks. Control Long‐Evans Tokushima Otsuka (LETO) and OLETF (OLETF‐C) rats received saline.ResultsBlood glucose levels were significantly suppressed in OLETF‐EMPA and OLETF‐VOG compared with the OLETF‐C group. The liver fat content was significantly higher in the OLETF‐C group than in the OLETF‐EMPA and OLETF‐VOG. Hepatic gene expressions involved in gluconeogenesis (glucose 6‐phosphatase [G6Pase], fructose‐1,6‐bisphosphatase [FBP1], and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase [PEPCK]) and lipogenesis (acetyl‐CoA carboxylase [ACC], fatty acid synthase [FAS], and sterol regulatory element‐binding transcription factor 1c [SREBP‐1c]) were significantly decreased in the OLETF‐EMPA group compared with other OLETF groups (OLETF‐C and OLETF‐VOG). Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) expression level and SIRT1 activity were markedly reduced in OLETF‐C rats; however, its expression increased in the OLETF‐EMPA and OLETF‐VOG. AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation level was remarkably increased by empagliflozin treatment in OLETF rats compared with other OLETF groups. Long‐term empagliflozin and voglibose treatment reduced hepatic steatosis with suppression of gluconeogenesis and lipogenesis pathway in OLETF rats.ConclusionWe suggest that this metabolic improvement might be related to SIRT1 and AMPK pathway in T2DM. But empagliflozin is thought to have more advantage to prevent hepatic steatosis than voglibose in T2DM.
Factors Associated With Cysticidal Treatment Response in Extraparenchymal Neurocysticercosis
Authors: Osorio Rocio , Carrillo‐Mezo Roger , Romo Matthew L. , Toledo Andrea , Matus Carlos , González‐Hernández Iliana , Jung Helgi , Fleury Agnès 
Published: November 2018

AbstractExtraparenchymal neurocysticercosis is the most severe form of cysticercosis, and response to treatment is suboptimal. We sought to determine how demographic and clinical characteristics and albendazole sulfoxide concentrations were related to cysticidal treatment response. We conducted a longitudinal study of 31 participants with extraparenchymal vesicular parasites who received the same treatment, albendazole 30 mg/kg/day for 10 days with dexamethasone 0.4 mg/kg/day for 13 days, followed by a prednisone taper. Response to treatment was determined by parasite volumes before and 6 months after treatment. Eight participants (25.8%) had a complete treatment response, 16 (51.6%) had a treatment response > 50% but < 100%, and 7 (22.6%) had a treatment response < 50%. Complete treatment response was significantly associated with higher concentrations of albendazole sulfoxide (P = .032), younger age (P = .032), fewer cysts (P = .049) and lower pretreatment parasite volume (P = .037). Higher number of previous cysticidal treatment courses was associated with a noncomplete treatment response (P = .023). Although the large proportion of participants with less than a complete response emphasizes the need to develop more efficacious pharmacologic regimens, the association of albendazole sulfoxide concentrations with treatment response highlights the importance of optimizing existing therapeutic regimens. In addition, the association of treatment response with parasite volume emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis.
Functionalization of halloysite nanotube surfaces via controlled living radical polymerization: covalent immobilization of penicillin for a bioactive interface
Authors: Nguyen Trinh D , Vo Sang T , Islam Md R , Lim Kwon T , Vo Dai‐Viet N , Bach Long G 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackgroundSurface functionalization of nanomaterials has attracted much attention in the fields of chemistry, materials science, biology, and medicine because the surface chemistry and topology of nanomaterials has dramatic effects on the resulting material properties. Various strategies have been employed to modify the surface properties of substrates, including the immobilization of polymer brushes on a solid substrate using ‘living’/controlled radical polymerization methods.ResultsA halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) surface was fabricated through the growth of poly(ethylene glycol)‐based brushes (PPEGMA) via a living radical polymerization method followed by coupling of a model antibiotic, penicillin (PE). Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy confirmed all three segments of the nanohybrids were covalently attached. Successful covalent functionalization was also confirmed using X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and energy dispersive X‐ray (EDX) spectrometry. The field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM) images of the nanohybrids showed that a soft layer of polymer was immobilized on the nanotubes. Bioassay studies revealed that the covalently attached penicillin retained its antibacterial properties againstE. coliandS. aureus.ConclusionA synthetic strategy for the functionalization of HNTs PPEGMA via surface‐initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI‐ATRP) has been successfully developed to permit covalent immobilization of antibiotics. First, PPEGMA‐grafted HNTs (HNTs‐g‐PPEGMA) were synthesized via a controlled SI‐ATRP of PPEGMA, followed by silanization using (3‐aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane to afford amine group‐containing nanohybrids (HNTs‐g‐PPEGMA‐NH2). Subsequently, PE was anchored to the surface of HNTs‐g‐PPEGMA‐NH2via carbodiimide chemistry. The high bactericidal efficiency of the synthetic hybrid towards gram‐positiveS. aureusand gram‐negativeE. coliwas demonstrated. Thus, this biofunctionalization strategy holds great potential for applications in the field of bio‐nanotechnology. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry