bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aquaporin‐1 expression in fluoro‐edenite‐induced mesothelioma effusions: An approach by cell‐block procedure
Authors: Angelico G. , Ieni A. , Caltabiano R. , Zeppa P. , Tuccari G. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractObjectiveAquaporin 1 (AQP‐1) is a water channel protein found in cell membranes, whose expression has been considered an independent favourable prognostic factor in pleural malignant mesothelioma (MM). The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of AQP‐1 and its prognostic value in a series of pleural MM effusions, from a geographical area with high concentrations of fluoro‐edenite (FE).MethodsWe selected 25 MM cases from Biancavilla (Italy), an area with high environmental concentrations of FE. Cytological samples, cell‐blocks (CB), clinical and follow‐up data were available for all cases. Immunohistochemistry for calretinin, CK5/6, WT1, CK7 and TTF1 was used on CB sections to confirm the cytological diagnosis of MM. Immunohistochemistry for AQP‐1 was performed and high expression was defined when ≥50% of tumour cells showed linear and circumferential membranous staining.ResultsThe cohort included 16 men and nine women (median age: 67.5 years; range: 49‐88 years). The median survival was 14 months (range 1.5‐60 months), with a significant value (P = 0.006). All cases have been histologically confirmed and classified as epithelioid (16 cases), biphasic (seven cases) and sarcomatoid (two cases). AQP‐1 high expression has been observed in 16 cases. Comparing AQP‐1 high expression to the survival of corresponding patients, a significant association with a slight increased overall survival of 12 months has been demonstrated. Nine patients with a AQP‐1 score less than 50% showed a shorter median overall survival (7 months).ConclusionsAQP‐1 high expression is detectable on cytological samples of FE‐induced MM with a prognostic value.
Perceived support for medical cannabis use among approved medical cannabis users in Canada
Authors: Leos‐Toro Cesar , Shiplo Samantha , Hammond David 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIntroduction and AimsVery little is known about the social experience of medical cannabis use, including the experience of stigma among approved users. The current study examined perceptions of support from physicians, family and friends as well as the prevalence of ‘hiding’ medicinal cannabis use.Design and MethodsAn online cross‐sectional survey (N = 276) was conducted from 29 April to 8 June 2015. No public sampling frame was available from which to sample approved medical cannabis users (MCU). Eligible respondents were approved MCUs, aged 18 years or older, and reported cannabis use in the past 30 days for health reasons. Logistic regression analyses were used to assess aspects of stigma, including perceived support from their immediate social environment as well as behaviours reflecting a perceived social disapproval.ResultsApproximately one‐third of respondents (32.6%) reported that their physician had refused to provide a medical document, and the vast majority of respondents (79.3%) reported hiding their medical cannabis use, most commonly to avoid judgement. Fewer than half of approved users perceived that their doctor was ‘supportive’ (38%), whereas two‐thirds perceived support from family (66.3%) and friends (66.3%). Perceptions of support were similar across most socio‐demographic sub‐groups.Discussion and ConclusionsSubstantial proportions of approved MCUs in Canada report a lack of support and most have made some effort to conceal their medical cannabis use. Overall, the findings suggest that social norms around medical cannabis use remain unfavourable for many users, despite that fact that medical cannabis has been legal in Canada for more than a decade.
The National Alcohol Strategy 2018–2026 has to become a set of commitments
Authors: Kypri Kypros , Thorn Michael , Crozier John 
Published: June 2018

AbstractAlcohol consumption is behind only smoking and obesity among leading contributors to the burden of disease in Australia. For the first time in over a decade, Australian governments are developing a National Alcohol Strategy, and plan to finalise it in 2018. The draft contains evidence‐based recommendations but lacks a framework for accountability, and the Commonwealth Minister of Health recently suggested that the alcohol industry help devise the final version. We recommend that the Government rely on advice from health experts for health policy, pre‐specify outcome indicators, commit to modest activities initially, to develop momentum; and commission independent evaluation after 3 years.
S3 Guideline for the treatment of psoriasis vulgaris, update – Short version part 2 – Special patient populations and treatment situations
Authors: Nast Alexander , Amelunxen Lasse , Augustin Matthias , Boehncke Wolf‐Henning , Dressler Corinna , Gaskins Matthew , Härle Peter , Hoffstadt Bernd , Klaus Joachim , Koza Joachim , Mrowietz Ulrich , Ockenfels Hans‐Michael , Philipp Sandra , Reich Kristian , Rosenbach Thomas , Rzany Berthold , Schlaeger Martin , Schmid‐Ott Gerhard , Sebastian Michael , von Kiedrowski Ralph , Weberschock Tobias 
Published: June 2018

SummaryThe German guideline for the treatment of psoriasis vulgaris was updated using GRADE methodology. The guideline is based on a systematic literature review completed on December 1, 2016, and on a formal consensus and approval process. The second part of this short version of the guideline covers the following special patient populations and treatment situations: tuberculosis screening before and during psoriasis treatment, choice of psoriasis treatment for individuals wishing to have children, as well as during pregnancy and breast‐feeding, and patients with joint involvement and vaccinations. In addition, recommendations on the choice of treatment are presented for patients with the following comorbidities: hepatitis and other hepatic impairment, HIV, malignancies, neurological and psychiatric disorders, ischemic heart disease and congestive heart failure, diabetes mellitus, renal impairment and inflammatory bowel disease.
S3‐Leitlinie zur Therapie der Psoriasis vulgaris Update – Kurzfassung Teil 2 – Besondere Patientengruppen und spezielle Behandlungssituationen
Authors: Nast Alexander , Amelunxen Lasse , Augustin Matthias , Boehncke Wolf‐Henning , Dressler Corinna , Gaskins Matthew , Härle Peter , Hoffstadt Bernd , Klaus Joachim , Koza Joachim , Mrowietz Ulrich , Ockenfels Hans‐Michael , Philipp Sandra , Reich Kristian , Rosenbach Thomas , Rzany Berthold , Schlaeger Martin , Schmid‐Ott Gerhard , Sebastian Michael , von Kiedrowski Ralph , Weberschock Tobias 
Published: June 2018

ZusammenfassungDie deutsche Psoriasis‐Leitlinie zur Behandlung der Psoriasis vulgaris wurde unter Verwendung der GRADE‐Methodik aktualisiert. Die Leitlinie wurde aufbauend auf einer systematischen Literaturrecherche (letzte Update‐Recherche am 01.12.2016) entwickelt und in einem formalen Konsensus‐ und Freigabeverfahren verabschiedet. Der zweite Teil dieser Kurzfassung stellt die Empfehlungen zum Tuberkulose‐Screening vor und unter Therapie, zur Therapieauswahl bei Kinderwunsch, Schwangerschaft und Stillzeit, vorliegender Gelenkbeteiligung sowie zum Umgang mit Impfungen dar. Zudem werden die Empfehlungen zur Therapieauswahl bei Komorbidität mit Hepatitis und Leberfunktionseinschränkungen, HIV, Tumorerkrankungen, Erkrankungen aus dem neurologischen und psychiatrischen Formenkreis, koronarer Herzkrankheit und Herzinsuffizienz, Diabetes mellitus, Niereninsuffizienz sowie chronisch entzündlicher Darmerkrankung dargestellt.
Protective effects of the SGLT2 inhibitor luseogliflozin on pancreatic β‐cells in db/db mice: The earlier and longer, the better
Authors: Kimura Tomohiko , Obata Atsushi , Shimoda Masashi , Okauchi Seizo , Kanda‐Kimura Yukiko , Nogami Yuka , Moriuchi Saeko , Hirukawa Hidenori , Kohara Kenji , Nakanishi Shuhei , Mune Tomoatsu , Kaku Kohei , Kaneto Hideaki 
Published: June 2018

AimsWe compared the protective effects of sodium glucose co‐transporter (SGLT) 2 inhibitor luseogliflozin on pancreatic β‐cells between early and advanced stages of diabetes and between short‐ and long‐term use.Materials and methodsDiabetic db/db mice were treated with luseogliflozin for 2 weeks in an early stage of diabetes (7‐9 weeks of age) and an advanced stage of diabetes (16‐18 weeks) for a longer period of time (7‐18 weeks). We performed various morphological analyses of pancreatic islets and examined gene expression profiles in islets after such treatment.ResultsIn diabetic db/db mice, insulin biosynthesis and secretion were markedly increased by luseogliflozin in an early stage of diabetes but not in an advanced stage. In addition, β‐cell mass was preserved by luseogliflozin only in an early stage. Furthermore, when db/db mice were treated with luseogliflozin for a longer period of time, starting from an early stage, β‐cell function and mass were markedly preserved even after a longer period of time compared to untreated db/db mice.ConclusionLuseogliflozin exerts more protective effects in an early stage of diabetes compared to an advanced stage, and longer‐term use of luseogliflozin exerts more beneficial effects on pancreatic β‐cells compared to short‐term use.
User‐based evaluation of applicability and usability of a wearable accelerometer device for detecting bilateral tonic–clonic seizures: A field study
Authors: Meritam Pirgit , Ryvlin Philippe , Beniczky Sándor 
Published: June 2018

SummaryClinical validation studies of seizure detection devices conducted in epilepsy monitoring units (EMUs) can be biased by the artificial environment. We report a field (phase 4) study of a wearable accelerometer device (Epi‐Care) that has previously been validated in EMUs for detecting bilateral tonic–clonic seizures (BTCS). Seventy‐one patients using the device (or their caregivers) completed the modified Post‐Study System Usability Questionnaire. Median time patients had been using the device was 15 months (range = 24 days‐6 years). In 10% of cases, patients stopped using the device due to reasons related to the device. The median sensitivity (90%) and false alarm rate (0.1/d) were similar to what had been determined in EMUs. Patients and caregivers were overall satisfied with the device (median = 5.5 on the 7‐point Likert scale), considered the technical aspects satisfactory, and considered the device comfortable and efficient. Adverse effects occurred in 11%, but were only mild: skin irritation at the wrist and interference with home electronic appliances. In 55% the device influenced the number of seizures logged into the seizure diary, and in 40% it contributed to fewer seizure‐related injuries. This field study demonstrates the applicability and usability of the wearable accelerometer device for detecting BTCS.
Dead man walking? Current European interest in the ordoliberal tradition
Authors: Hien Josef , Joerges Christian 
Published: June 2018

AbstractDuring the years of the financial crisis, ordoliberalism became the target of a European‐wide critical campaign. This school of thought is widely perceived as the ideational source of Germany's crisis politics, which has even led to an “ordoliberalisation of Europe”. This essay questions the validity of such assessments. It focuses on two aspects that are widely neglected in current debates. One is the importance of law in the ordoliberal vision of the ordering of economy and society. The second is its cultural and religious background, in particular in German Protestantism. The influence of the ordoliberal school on European law, so the essay argues, is overrated in all stages of the integration project. Anglo‐American neoliberalism rather than German ordoliberalism has been in the ideational driver's seat since the 1980s. In the responses to the financial crisis, the ordoliberal commitment to the rule of law gave way to discretionary emergency measures. While the foundational synthesis of economic and legal concepts became indefensible, the cultural underpinnings of the ordoliberal tradition survived and developed a life of their own, in particular in German political discourses.
Increased expression of IL‐33 in rosacea skin and UVB‐irradiated and LL‐37‐treated HaCaT cells
Authors: Suhng Eunah , Kim Bo Hee , Choi You Won , Choi Hae Young , Cho Hyunjin , Byun Ji Yeon 
Published: June 2018

AbstractRosacea is one of the most common dermatoses of adults. Although the detailed pathophysiology remains unknown, it is thought that rosacea is caused by a consistently aberrant, innate immune response, and that LL‐37 plays an important role. However, involvement of the inflammatory cytokine IL‐33 has not yet been studied. We explored the role played by IL‐33 in the pathophysiology of rosacea. First, we immunohistochemically evaluated the expression of IL‐33 and its receptor (ST2) in rosacea skin. Second, we exposed HaCaT cells to ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation in the presence or absence of LL‐37 and measured the expression of proinflammatory cytokines including IL‐33. We also analysed VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) mRNA expression and protein release after costimulation of HaCaT cells by LL‐37 and IL‐33. Immunohistochemically, IL‐33 expression was enhanced in the skin of rosacea patients, especially with erythematotelangiectatic subtype. In vitro, UVB and LL‐37 synergistically increased mRNAs expression of proinflammatory cytokines, especially IL‐33 and IL‐1β. IL‐33 protein release was also synergistically increased by LL‐37 and UVB treatment. LL‐37 and IL‐33 stimulated VEGF mRNA expression and VEGF release from HaCaT cells. Our findings suggest that rosacea skin with abundant LL‐37 may robustly produce and release IL‐33 when exposed to UV radiation. IL‐33 may participate in the angiogenesis and vasodilation of rosacea skin by enhancing VEGF release.
The diagnostic accuracy of bleeding assessment tools for the identification of patients with mild bleeding disorders: A systematic review
Authors: Moenen F. C. J. I. , Nelemans P. J. , Schols S. E. M. , Schouten H. C. , Henskens Y. M. C. , Beckers E. A. M. 
Published: June 2018

IntroductionThe bleeding assessment tool (BAT) has been developed to standardize and interpret bleeding history for mild bleeding disorders. However, a critical appraisal addressing the quality and results of validation studies is lacking.AimWe performed a systematic review of diagnostic studies assessing the performance of the BAT in patients referred for evaluation of bleeding symptoms.MethodsThe electronic database PubMed was searched from inception through July 27, 2017. Eligible publications were original studies that assessed and validated the diagnostic accuracy of bleeding questionnaires for identification of adults with mild bleeding disorders. For each study, sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) were calculated. Quality was assessed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic studies‐2 tool. To assess the influence of specific study characteristics on DOR, univariate meta‐regression analyses were performed.ResultsNine studies were included. Five studies investigating the ISTH‐BAT or other bleeding questionnaires had a moderate to low DOR. Four studies investigating Vicenza‐based BATs had a high DOR, with high specificity (>90%) and sensitivity of 59%‐85%. Study characteristics such as case‐control design, retrospective data collection and differences in reference standard were associated with optimistic estimates of diagnostic performance. Three of four studies with a high DOR had these study characteristics. Studies with good methodological quality mainly had a low DOR.ConclusionThe main advantage of the BAT is that it offers a complete and structured interview. However, the BAT is of limited diagnostic value to the workup of patients referred for bleeding evaluation in clinical practice.
Head trauma in the haemophilic child and management in a paediatric emergency department: Descriptive study
Authors: García Sánchez P. , Molina Gutiérrez M. Á. , Martín Sánchez J. , Inisterra Viu L. , García García S. , Rivas Pollmar M. I. , Martín Salces M. , Álvarez Román M. T. , Jiménez Yuste V. 
Published: June 2018

IntroductionHaemophilia is one of the most common inherited bleeding disorders in the Emergency Department (ED). The most dangerous site of bleeding is the central nervous system.AimsTo describe the characteristics of haemophiliacs arrived to our ED following a head trauma and to analyse the incidence of intracranial haemorrhage (ICH).Materials and MethodsRetrospective, analytical, observational study, conducted in a Paediatric ED. We included haemophilic patients aged from birth to 16 years who consulted after a head trauma over a 6‐year period. Data collected included age, type of haemophilia and head trauma, symptoms, prophylaxis status, CT imaging, treatment and number of visits to the ED.ResultsAbout 46 males and 85 episodes were analysed. The median age was 2.38 years. Severe haemophilia A was the most frequent type of disease (50%). All head injuries were mild, and the most frequent mechanism was a collision with an object (38.8%). In 62 episodes (72.9%) the patients were asymptomatic. The rest 23 events had symptomatology, being the most common headache (26%), emesis (21.7%) and drowsiness (17.4%). Head CT was obtained in 31 episodes, founding altered results in 10 (6 of them corresponding to ICH). All the patients with ICH had symptomatology. About 37 episodes required admission.ConclusionIntracranial haemorrhage is one of the most dangerous events in haemophiliacs and it may occur after a head trauma. Our study suggests that, in case of head trauma, CT must be obtained in symptomatic patients and in those with additional risk factors. Asymptomatic patients must have prolonged observation.
Retrospective study on outcome of salvage Helicobacter pylori eradication therapies based on molecular genetic susceptibility testing
Authors: Blümel Benjamin , Goelz Hanna , Kist Manfred , Glocker Erik‐Oliver 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBackgroundAntimicrobial susceptibility of Helicobacter (H.) pylori is usually determined by phenotypic methods. When H. pylori cannot be grown owing to contaminations or delay in transport of gastric tissue samples to the microbiological laboratory, molecular genetic testing is a reasonable alternative. The aim of this retrospective study was to assess the outcome of salvage eradication treatments based on molecular genetic susceptibility testing.MethodsData on 144 H. pylori PCR‐positive gastric tissue samples of patients primarily with prior unsuccessful eradication treatments were retrospectively analyzed. Eradication treatments were recommended based on genotypic clarithromycin and/or levofloxacin susceptibility as tested by real‐time PCR or reverse hybridization. Treatment success was assessed by attending physicians using urea breath test; stool‐antigen ELISA; and microbiology/histopathology.ResultsOverall success rate of molecular genetic testing‐guided salvage treatments was low (68%); none of the regimens chosen was significantly better than another. Multivariable logistic regression analysis did not reveal any factors that may predict treatment failure.ConclusionsEradication success was poor despite susceptibility testing. Gastroenterologists are advised to prescribe recommended salvage treatments, considering recommended dosages and prolonged treatment duration.
Information literacy skills and training of licensed practical nurses in Alberta, Canada: results of a survey
Authors: Wadson Kelley , Phillips Leah Adeline 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBackgroundAlthough information literacy skills are recognized as important to the curriculum and professional outcomes of two‐year nursing programs, there is a lack of research on the information literacy skills and support needed by graduates.ObjectiveTo identify the information literacy skills and consequent training and support required of Licensed Practical Nurses (LPNs) in Alberta, Canada.MethodAn online survey using a random sample of new graduates (graduated within 5 years) from the registration database of the College of Practical Nurses of Alberta (CLPNA).ResultsThere was a 43% response rate. Approximately 25–38% of LPNs felt they were only moderately or to a small extent prepared to use evidence effectively in their professional practice. LPNs use the internet and websites most frequently, in contrast to library resources that are used least frequently. Developing lifelong learning skills, using information collaboratively, and locating and retrieving information are areas where LPNs desire more effective or increased training.ConclusionThe results suggest there are significant gaps in the preparedness and ability of LPNs to access and apply research evidence effectively in the workplace. There are several areas in which the training provided by Librarians appears either misaligned or ineffective.
A MODEL OF PATENT TROLLS
Authors: Choi Jay Pil , Gerlach Heiko 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThis article develops a model of patent trolls to understand various litigation strategies employed by nonpracticing entities (NPEs). When an NPE faces multiple potential infringers who use related technologies, it can gain a credible threat to litigate even when it has no such credibility vis‐à‐vis any single potential infringer in isolation. This is due to an information externality generated by an early litigation outcome for subsequent litigation. Successful litigation creates an option value against future potential infringers through Bayesian updating. We discuss policy implications including legal fee shifting and the use of injunctive relief.
INFORMATION ASYMMETRY, MANUFACTURER–RETAILER CONTRACTS, AND TWO‐SIDED ENTRY
Authors: Chan Tat , Murphy Alvin , Wang Li 
Published: June 2018

AbstractWe investigate the economic determinants of contract structure and entry with transfer contracts, which specify that manufacturers directly sell their products in retail stores while retailers collect sales revenue and return a transfer to the manufacturers. Using a unique data set describing entry decisions of clothing manufacturers into a retail department store, we estimate a two‐sided, asymmetric‐information entry model. We compare profit estimates under transfer contracts to counterfactual profit estimates under common alternative contract formats. Results show that, when adverse selection is present, transfer contracts dominate other contract formats from the retailer's perspective; otherwise, the common alternative contract formats dominate.
Incidence of pemphigus vulgaris and pemphigus foliaceus in North‐East Poland (Podlaskie Province) – a 15‐year (2001–2015) bicentric retrospective study
Authors: Serwin Agnieszka B. , Koper Marta , Flisiak Iwona 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe average incidence of pemphigus reported from European countries ranged between 0.5 and eight cases per one million inhabitants. Studies on epidemiology of pemphigus group in entire Province of Poland over a period of more than a decade are lacking.AimTo analyze the incidence of pemphigus vulgaris (PV) and pemphigus foliaceus (PF) in Podlaskie Province (North‐East Poland) in years 2001–2015 with regard to patients’ age, gender, and residency.ResultsSixty‐six cases of pemphigus were diagnosed in the period analyzed: 44 cases of PV (66.67%) and 22 of PF (33.33%). Female to male ratio was 2.88. The average incidence of PV and PF together was 3.67 ± 2.19 per one million inhabitants. In females the incidence was 5.34 ± 3.20 and in males, 1.90 ± 1.91 (P < 0.05). The incidence in inhabitants of rural areas was 4.96 ± 4.07 and those of urban areas, 2.70 ± 2.01 (P < 0.05). The age of the pemphigus onset was 54.69 ± 12.58 for PV and 64.24 ± 13.33 for PF (P < 0.05). The majority of PV and PF patients were residents of urban areas and rural areas, respectively.ConclusionsThe incidence of pemphigus group in Podlaskie Province was within the range of the average incidence rates reported from other European countries. Surprisingly, the female to male ratio was the highest in Europe. Moreover, for the first time we have demonstrated that the incidence was higher in the population living in rural than in urban areas. Similar studies in other regions of Poland are needed.