bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prospective Comparison of Clinical Performance and Subjective Outcomes Between Two Diffractive Trifocal Intraocular Lenses in Bilateral Cataract Surgery
Authors: Ferreira Tiago B. , Ribeiro Filomena J. 
Published: July 2019

PURPOSE:
To compare clinical outcomes and subjective experience after bilateral implantation of two non-toric diffractive trifocal intraocular lenses (IOLs).

METHODS:
In a prospective, comparative case series, patients were randomly allocated to receive bilateral implantation of either the preloaded RayOne Trifocal (Rayner, Worthing, UK) or the FineVision POD F (PhysIOL, Liège, Belgium). At the 3-month follow-up, the main outcomes were monocular and binocular uncorrected and corrected distance (UDVA, CDVA), intermediate at 80 cm (UIVA, DCIVA), and near at 40 cm (UNVA, DCNVA) visual acuities, refractive outcomes, and defocus curves. Patients' satisfaction in terms of visual disturbance was also evaluated.

RESULTS:

Each group comprised 30 eyes (15 patients). The mean monocular UDVA was 0.03 ± 0.11 (RayOne Trifocal) and 0.04 ± 0.08 (FineVision POD F) logMAR (
P
= .605); DCIVA was 0.05 ± 0.13 and 0.05 ± 0.10 logMAR, respectively (
P
> .999); and DCNVA was 0.02 ± 0.12 and 0.03 ± 0.11 logMAR (
P
= .742). A better manifest spherical equivalent was found in the RayOne Trifocal than in the FineVision POD F group (
P
= .035) and depth perception issues were less severe with the RayOne Trifocal IOL (
P
= .042). There was no significant difference in other photic phenomena between groups.

CONCLUSIONS:
Both IOLs provided good visual outcomes at all distances with no differences between the groups. Refractive accuracy was better for the RayOne Trifocal IOL. The results indicated that the new trifocal IOL may represent a safe and effective option for presbyopic patients.

[
J Refract Surg.
2019;35(7):418–425.]
Initial Clinical Outcomes of a New Extended Depth of Focus Intraocular Lens
Authors: Schallhorn Steven C. , Teenan David , Venter Jan A. , Hannan Stephen J. , Schallhorn Julie M. 
Published: July 2019

PURPOSE:
To evaluate clinical and patient-reported outcomes of a new extended depth of focus intraocular lens (IOL).

METHODS:
Data of patients treated between September 2017 and September 2018 who underwent a refractive lens exchange/cataract surgery with an implantation of the AT LARA 829MP IOL (Carl Zeiss Meditec AG, Jena, Germany) and attended the 1-week, 1-month, and 3-month follow-up visit were reviewed.

RESULTS:
At 3 months, the percentage of eyes within ±0.50 diopters (D) of emmetropia was 86.7%. The mean binocular uncorrected distance visual acuity was −0.05 ± 0.09 logMAR and the mean binocular unaided near vision was 0.26 ± 0.14 logMAR. Of all patients, 90.3% were satisfied with their vision. The percentage of patients spectacle-free for near and distance vision was 83.6% and 95.4%, respectively. On a scale from 1 (no difficulty) to 7 (severe difficulty), there was an average 1.2 to 1.4 units increase in glare, halo, and starburst between the preoperative and 1-month visit, and a decrease of 0.2 to 0.3 units between the 1- and 3-month visit.

CONCLUSIONS:
The new extended depth of focus IOL provided reasonable unaided near and distance vision, as well as spectacle independence and patient satisfaction. Some optical side effects were reported in the early postoperative period.

[
J Refract Surg.
2019;35(7):426–433.]
Submarine Karst of Croatia - Evidence of Former Lower Sea Levels
Authors: Surić Maša 
Published: July 2019

Med zadnjo, to je pleistocensko-holocensko transgresijo, je naraščajoča morska gladina zalila velike dele dinarskega krasa. Ker porečja rek na vzhodni jadranski obali sestavljajo pretežno karbonatne kamnine, te reke prenašajo le okoli 20 % sedimentov v obliki suspenza, vse ostalo pa kot raztopljeni tovor. Zaradi tega je pod morsko gladino še vedno mogoče ugotavljati značilne kraške oblike, kot so škraplje, vrtače, polja, jame in brezna, kot tudi rečne doline in soteske. Poleg teh preprostih potopljenih oblik so zaradi dvigajoče se gladine nastale tudi nove: podmorski izviri imenovani vrulje, zaslanjeni obalni izviri in morska jezera. Najpomembnejši dokazi o nekdanjem kopnem okolju so kapniki v potopljenih jamah in lehnjak v potopljenih nekdanjih rekah. Te oboje je mogoče uporabiti za ugotavljanje nekdanje niæje morske gladine.During the last, Late Pleistocene-Holocene transgression, rising sea flooded a vast part of the Dinaric karst. Due to prevalence of carbonate rocks in the drainage area of most of the rivers on Eastern Adriatic coast, those rivers carry only approximately 20% of particulates as suspended matter and the rest is dissolved. Consequently, many typical karst features such as karrens, dolines, poljes, caves, pits and river valleys and canyons as well, presently under the sea, can still be recognized. Beside these simply drowned features, some new ones were formed by the sea level rise. Those are submarine springs, so called vruljas, brackish coastal springs and marine lakes. The most significant evidences of former subaerial conditions are speleothems in submerged caves and calc tufa deposits of drowned paleo rivers. Both of them could be used for determination of the former low sea level stands.
Le visage et le masque. Ellie Papadimitriou, une intellectuelle de gauche
Authors: Petropoulou Ioanna 
Published: July 2019

Ce texte traite les rapports entre création littéraire et engagement politique à travers le cas d’Ellie Papadimitriou (1900-1993). D’origine bourgeoise de Smyrne, Papadimitriou s’installa à Athènes après 1922. Dans les années 1930, elle a adhéré au Parti Communiste de Grèce, ce qui ne l’empêcha pas de travailler plus tard pour les Services Secrets Britanniques au Moyen Orient. Pour comprendre l’itinéraire de cette femme, il faut tenir compte des conditions dans lesquelles les communistes ont vécu en Grèce tout au long du xxe siècle. Militante et poétesse de gauche, Ellie Papadimitriou a connu les persécutions et la censure des régimes de droite de l’après-guerre. Elle a été la première à se servir de l’histoire orale en Grèce dans son ouvrage Le Discours commun, un recueil de témoignages oraux des « vaincus » de la défaite de l’Asie Mineure, de l’Occupation nazie et de la Guerre civile grecque. En raison de son double engagement politique, Ellie Papadimitriou a tenté de dissimuler sa vie et ne pas laisser de traces ni à ses contemporains ni aux générations futures. En guise de fouille archéologique, sa biographie met en évidence une grande partie de cette « vie occulte »
Moins de biens pour plus de liens : Jean-Jacques Rousseau, décroissanciste avant l’heure ?
Authors: Crétois Pierre 
Published: July 2019

Si Rousseau a écrit bien avant les développements actuels de l’économie capitaliste, reste qu’il en pressent nombre de conséquences. Le rapprochement entre sa philosophie et l’approche décroissanciste éclaire tant son approche que la généalogie d’un mouvement. Rousseau, en promouvant la petite propriété autarcique, cherche à échapper à la logique marchande. La diminution du commerce semble avoir pour ambition première de libérer les rapports humains des contraintes de l’échange intéressé afin de promouvoir des relations non aliénées. Aussi nous nous efforçons de rapprocher Rousseau de la pensée décroissanciste contemporaine pour reprendre au compte du Genevois l’expression d’Émeline De Bouver : « moins de biens, plus de liens ». Le principe de la « simplicité volontaire contre le mythe de l’abondance » anime le mouvement décroissanciste. L’objectif des décroissancistes est de faire primer la gratuité, les relations non marchandes, sur la logique de la consommation et la marchandisation de tous les aspects de la vie et des rapports humains. Jean-Jacques Rousseau cherche d’une manière proche à réduire les échanges marchands et à favoriser une certaine forme d’autarcie économique non parce qu’il souhaite supprimer les échanges, mais parce qu’il veut maintenir intactes les relations de confiance, d’amitié et d’intimité qui sont autant de sphères que l’échange marchand risque toujours de pervertir dès qu’il s’y introduit.
Reconfiguration du politique par la professionnalisation associative
Authors: Sbeih Sbeih 
Published: July 2019

Résumé : En comparant deux associations palestiniennes, l’une de « charité » et l’autre de « développement », l’article trace l’évolution de leurs rapports au politique en fonction de leurs relations avec les différents acteurs collectifs (organisations politiques, bailleurs de fonds, Autorité palestinienne). Au moment où l’évolution des ONG palestiniennes dépendantes de l’aide internationale est appréhendée en termes de « professionnalisation », c’est-à-dire comme processus de quête de spécialisation et de l’autonomie à l’égard du pouvoir politique, celles-ci reconfigurent le politique selon le paradigme universel du développement. Les « technocrates », produits de cette professionnalisation, deviennent désormais les hommes politiques par excellence du champ du pouvoir de la « Palestine des bailleurs de fonds ». Toutefois, la quête de spécialisation n’est valorisante que dans la mesure où les ONG adhèrent à la lecture universelle de « post-conflit » de la réalité sociale palestinienne. Les associations dépendant des organisations politiques et non soumises à la domination des bailleurs subissent une exclusion de cette configuration. La nouvelle croyance politique, le développement, ne laisse guère de place pour l’engagement militant national et patriotique.
Les Ouïghours en Syrie
Authors: Reyhan Dilnur 
Published: July 2019

Résumé : Depuis l'éclatement de la guerre en Syrie et notamment depuis l'apparition de l'État Islamique (Daech), nous assistons à l'élargissement des rangs de ce dernier par le biais d’un recrutement extrêmement efficace. Des ressortissants de presque tous les pays ont rejoint la guerre menée par Daech, et la Chine ne fait pas exception. Parmi les musulmans originaires de Chine qui sont partis en Syrie, les Ouïghours ont rejoint majoritairement le Parti Islamique du Turkestan (PIT), même si une minorité se retrouve dans les rangs de Daech depuis fin 2014. Ils ont pour la plupart dû s’exiler en Turquie via la Malaisie et la Thaïlande à la suite de l’intensification de la répression chinoise à leur égard, et par ailleurs, les opérations chinoises au Pakistan contre les combattants du PIT, ont conduit ces derniers à quitter le Pakistan pour la Syrie. Les plus religieux de ces migrants sont recrutés par les réseaux turcs, sympathisants du PIT, tandis qu’une minorité est enrôlée par Daech. En quoi ces deux mouvements se distinguent-ils ? Si les Daechistes ouïghours rejettent toute idéologie nationaliste, les Ouïghours du PIT défendent une cause nationale et visent au départ l’indépendance de la Région ouïghoure. Cependant, dans les faits, cette population ne représente qu’une partie de ce mouvement qui inclut de plus en plus de nombreux autres turcophones centrasiatiques. En effet, l’idéologie de ce mouvement a évolué dans le temps, ne visant plus la seule cause ouïghoure, mais la création d’une nation centrasiatique turcophone et islamique. Dans ce contexte, la présence des Ouïghours en Syrie peut s’expliquer par leur besoin de gagner de l'expérience sur le plan militaire pour combattre la Chine. Seules l’analyse des modes de communication et des formes de propagandes tant des autorités chinoises que des différents mouvements djihadistes étudiés ainsi que l’analyse des relations que chacun noue avec les organisations ouïghoures de la diaspora permettent de comprendre en profondeur les enjeux géopolitiques actuels.
Nutrient distribution and nitrogen and oxygen isotopic composition of nitrate in water masses of the subtropical southern Indian Ocean
Authors: Harms Natalie C. , Lahajnar Niko , Gaye Birgit , Rixen Tim , Dähnke Kirstin , Ankele Markus , Schwarz-Schampera Ulrich , Emeis Kay-Christian 
Published: July 2019

Abstract. The Indian Ocean subtropical gyre (IOSG) is one of five
extensive subtropical gyres in the world's ocean. In contrast to those of
the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, the IOSG has been sparsely studied. We
investigate the water mass distributions based on temperature, salinity and oxygen data, and the
concentrations of water column nutrients and the stable isotope composition of nitrate, using water samples collected between ∼30∘ S and the Equator during two expeditions: MSM 59/2 in 2016 and
SO 259 in 2017. Our results are the first from this oceanic region and provide new
information on nitrogen sources and transformation processes. We identify
the thick layer of nutrient-depleted surface waters of the oligotrophic IOSG
with nitrate (NO3-) and phosphate (PO43-) concentrations of < 3 and < 0.3 µmol kg−1, respectively (< 300 m; σ < 26.4 kg−1 m−3). Increased nutrient concentrations towards the
Equator represent the northern limb of the gyre, which is characterized by typical
strong horizontal gradients of the outcropping nutriclines. The influx of
the Subantarctic Mode Water (SAMW) from the Southern Ocean injects oxygen-saturated waters with preformed nutrients, indicated by the increased N and O
isotope composition of nitrate (δ15N > 7 ‰; δ18O > 4 ‰) at 400–500 m (26.6–26.7 kg−1 m−3), into the subtropical thermocline. These values reflect partial
N assimilation in the Southern Ocean. Moreover, in the northern study area,
a residue of nitrate affected by denitrification in the Arabian Sea is
imported into intermediate and deep water masses (> 27.0 kg−1 m−3) of the gyre, indicated by an N deficit (N*
∼-1 to −4 µmol kg−1) and by elevated isotopic ratios
of nitrate (δ15N > 7 ‰; δ18O > 3 ‰). Remineralization of
partially assimilated organic matter, produced in the subantarctic, leads to a
decoupling of N and O isotopes in nitrate and results in a relatively low
Δ(15–18) value of < 3 ‰ within the SAMW. In
contrast, remineralization of 15N-enriched organic matter from
the Arabian Sea indicates higher Δ(15–18) values of > 4 ‰ within the Red Sea–Persian Gulf Intermediate Water
(RSPGIW). Thus, the subtropical southern Indian Ocean is supplied by preformed
nitrate from the lateral influx of water masses from regions exhibiting
distinctly different N-cycle processes documented in the dual isotope
composition of nitrate. Additionally, a significant contribution of
N2 fixation between 20.36 and 23.91∘ S is
inferred from reduced δ15N–NO3- values towards
surface waters (upward decrease of δ15N ∼2.4 ‰), N* values of > 2 µmol kg−1 and
a relatively low Δ(15–18) value of < 3 ‰. A
mass and isotope budget implies that at least 32 %–34 % of the nitrate in
the upper ocean between 20.36 and 23.91∘ S is
provided from newly fixed nitrogen, whereas N2 fixation appears to be
limited by iron or temperature south of 26∘ S.
Quantifying thermal refugia connectivity by combining temperature modeling, distributed temperature sensing, and thermal infrared imaging
Authors: Dzara Jessica R. , Neilson Bethany T. , Null Sarah E. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Watershed-scale stream temperature models are often one-dimensional because they require fewer data and are more computationally efficient than two- or three-dimensional models. However, one-dimensional models assume completely mixed reaches and ignore small-scale spatial temperature variability, which may create temperature barriers or refugia for cold-water aquatic species. Fine spatial- and temporal-resolution stream temperature monitoring provides information to identify river features with increased thermal variability. We used distributed temperature sensing (DTS) to observe small-scale stream temperature variability, measured as a temperature range through space and time, within two 400 m reaches in summer 2015 in Nevada's East Walker and main stem Walker rivers. Thermal infrared (TIR) aerial imagery collected in summer 2012 quantified the spatial temperature variability throughout the Walker Basin. We coupled both types of high-resolution measured data with simulated stream temperatures to corroborate model results and estimate the spatial distribution of thermal refugia for Lahontan cutthroat trout and other cold-water species. Temperature model estimates were within the DTS-measured temperature ranges 21 % and 70 % of the time for the East Walker River and main stem Walker River, respectively, and within TIR-measured temperatures 17 %, 5 %, and 5 % of the time for the East Walker, West Walker, and main stem Walker rivers, respectively. DTS, TIR, and modeled stream temperatures in the main stem Walker River nearly always exceeded the 21 ∘C optimal temperature threshold for adult trout, usually exceeded the 24 ∘C stress threshold, and could exceed the 28 ∘C lethal threshold for Lahontan cutthroat trout. Measured stream temperature ranges bracketed ambient river temperatures by −10.1 to +2.3 ∘C in agricultural return flows, −1.2 to +4 ∘C at diversions, −5.1 to +2 ∘C in beaver dams, and −4.2 to 0 ∘C at seeps. To better understand the role of these river features on thermal refugia during warm time periods, the respective temperature ranges were added to simulated stream temperatures at each of the identified river features. Based on this analysis, the average distance between thermal refugia in this system was 2.8 km. While simulated stream temperatures are often too warm to support Lahontan cutthroat trout and other cold-water species, thermal refugia may exist to improve habitat connectivity and facilitate trout movement between spawning and summer habitats. Overall, high-resolution DTS and TIR measurements quantify temperature ranges of refugia and augment process-based modeling.
The effect of faith-based smoking cessation intervention during Ramadan among Malay smokers
Authors: Ismail Suriani , Abdul Rahman Hejar , Abidin Emelia Zainal , Isha Ahmad Sharul Nizam , Abu Bakar Sallehuddin , Zulkifley Nur Aishah , Fuad Ahmad Farhan Ahmad 
Published: July 2019

Objectives: To study the effects of a faith-based smoking cessation intervention during Ramadan among Malay male smokers working in public offices. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study conducted during Ramadan 2015. The intervention was developed based on the constructs within the Theory of Planned Behaviour. The intervention intended to increase the intention and the perceived behaviour control to stop smoking among Muslim smokers during Ramadan. The outcomes measured were changes in the Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence score and saliva cotinine levels. Data were collected at baseline (5 days before Ramadan), during Ramadan (21st day of Ramadan) and post-Ramadan (21 days after Ramadan). Statistical tests to examine changes within and between groups were carried out and the significance level was set at p < 0.05. Results: During Ramadan, the saliva cotinine level decreased significantly in both groups (p = 0.001 in the control group and p = < 0.001 in the intervention group). However, after Ramadan, it remained significant only in the intervention group (p = 0.025). A significant change between the groups was only noticed during Ramadan (p = 0.049). Conclusion: The reduction in the saliva cotinine level was found to be more sustainable post-Ramadan in the intervention group. This finding could indicate the positive effect of using this culturally-competent intervention to encourage smoking cessation during Ramadan.
Marginal analysis in assessing factors contributing time to physician in the Emergency Department using operations data
Authors: Pathan Sameer A. , Bhutta Zain A. , Moinudheen Jibin , Jenkins Dominic , Silva Ashwin D. , Sharma Yogdutt , Saleh Warda A. , Khudabakhsh Zeenat , Irfan Furqan B. , Thomas Stephen H. 
Published: July 2019

Background: Standard Emergency Department (ED) operations goals include minimization of the time interval (tMD) between patients' initial ED presentation and initial physician evaluation. This study assessed factors known (or suspected) to influence tMD with a two-step goal. The first step was generation of a multivariate model identifying parameters associated with prolongation of tMD at a single study center. The second step was the use of a study center-specific multivariate tMD model as a basis for predictive marginal probability analysis; the marginal model allowed for prediction of the degree of ED operations benefit that would be affected with specific ED operations improvements. Methods: The study was conducted using one month (May 2015) of data obtained from an ED administrative database (EDAD) in an urban academic tertiary ED with an annual census of approximately 500,000; during the study month, the ED saw 39,593 cases. The EDAD data were used to generate a multivariate linear regression model assessing the various demographic and operational covariates' effects on the dependent variable tMD. Predictive marginal probability analysis was used to calculate the relative contributions of key covariates as well as demonstrate the likely tMD impact on modifying those covariates with operational improvements. Analyses were conducted with Stata 14MP, with significance defined at p < 0.05 and confidence intervals (CIs) reported at the 95% level. Results: In an acceptable linear regression model that accounted for just over half of the overall variance in tMD (adjusted r
2 0.51), important contributors to tMD included shift census (p = 0.008), shift time of day (p = 0.002), and physician coverage n (p = 0.004). These strong associations remained even after adjusting for each other and other covariates. Marginal predictive probability analysis was used to predict the overall tMD impact (improvement from 50 to 43 minutes, p < 0.001) of consistent staffing with 22 physicians. Conclusions: The analysis identified expected variables contributing to tMD with regression demonstrating significance and effect magnitude of alterations in covariates including patient census, shift time of day, and number of physicians. Marginal analysis provided operationally useful demonstration of the need to adjust physician coverage numbers, prompting changes at the study ED. The methods used in this analysis may prove useful in other EDs wishing to analyze operations information with the goal of predicting which interventions may have the most benefit.
Outcome of Patients Treated With Porous Tantalum Acetabular Implants for Neoplastic Periacetabular Lesions
Authors: Houdek Matthew T. , Abdel Matthew P. , Perry Kevin I. , Salduz Ahmet , Rose Peter S. , Sim Franklin H. , Lewallen David G. 
Published: July 2019

Introduction:
The periacetabular region is a common location for nonprimary neoplastic tumors. Although these tumors were historically treated with a cemented acetabular implant, we previously reported on the short-term follow-up on the use of a tantalum acetabular shell to reconstruct these defects. This study expands our previous report on longer follow-up, with specific emphasis on patient and implant survivorship, radiographic results, and clinical outcomes.

Methods:
Fifty-eight patients (32 women and 26 men) were treated using a tantalum acetabular implant and total hip arthroplasty to reconstruct a nonprimary neoplastic process between 2001 and 2014. The mean age and body mass index were 62 years and 28 kg/m2, respectively. The most common diagnosis was metastatic disease (n = 29). The patients' medical records and radiographs were reviewed to assess Harris hip scores and radiographic fixation. The mean follow-up for surviving patients was 8 years.

Results:
At the most recent follow-up, 41 patients were dead of the disease and 17 were alive with the disease and no cases of acetabular implant revision were reported. Two patients had a progressive radiolucent line; however, they also had radiographic evidence of local disease progression. After reconstruction, patients had a significant (P = 0.0001) increase in their Harris hip score (37 vs. 72).

Discussion:
In patients with periacetabular metastatic diseases and hematologic malignancies treated with total hip arthroplasty, a highly porous tantalum revision-type shell fixed with multiple screws, and supplemental support with acetabular augments or cup-cage reinforcement, can successfully provide patients with a stable, well-fixed, and durable construct, with no cases of mechanical failure at mid-term follow-up.