bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hope into action: How clusters of hope relate to success‐oriented behavior in school
Authors: Dixson Dante D. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractSeveral studies have found that higher hope is associated with higher academic achievement. Although scholars have asserted that this association is the result of higher hope leading to an increased likelihood that students will engage success‐oriented behaviors (e.g., participating in class, completing homework assignments), very little empirical research has been done to test this assertion. In this study, cluster analyses yielded three clusters of hope (high, average, and low) in a high school sample (N = 447) and a college sample (N = 375). Differences among hope clusters were examined across three domains of indicators—engagement, disengagement, and motivational variables—associated with success‐oriented behavior in school. Results from both samples indicated that students with higher levels of hope reported higher engagement, higher motivation, and lower disengagement, with medium to large effect sizes. These results have implications for both hope research and scaling psychosocial interventions.
Crosslinking network of bio‐based bis‐functional epoxides derived from trans‐limonene oxide
Authors: Morinaga Hisatoyo , Ogawa Natsumi , Sakamoto Mayu , Morikawa Hiroshi 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTThe thiol‐ene reaction between trans‐limonene oxide (trans‐LO) and ethane‐1,2‐dithiol in the presence of triethylborane affords a bio‐based bis‐functional epoxide (bis‐trans‐LO). The crosslinking reaction of bis‐trans‐LO with branched polyethyleneimine (BPEI; Mn = 600; BPEI600) at a feed ratio of bis‐trans‐LO/BPEI600 = 57/43 (wt/wt) yields the corresponding network polymer with Td10 (10% thermal decomposition temperature) of 304.7 °C in 98% yield. In contrast, negligible amounts of network polymer are obtained by the reaction of bis‐LO (bis‐functional epoxide derived from cis and trans‐LO) and BPEI600 regardless of the feed ratio. The mechanical strengths as measured by direct tensile tests of the network polymers derived from bis‐trans‐LO and BPEI600,1800 (Mn = 600 and 1800) were approximately 16 and 11 times higher than that of bis‐LO and BPEI1800, respectively. The tensile shear strengths of the metal‐to‐metal adhesive bonds induced by bis‐trans‐LO and BPEI600,1800 were 9.5 and 14.1 MPa, respectively. DMA revealed that the storage modulus of the network polymer derived from bis‐trans‐LO and BPEI1800 in the rubber region was higher than that of the material prepared from bis‐LO and BPEI1800, indicating higher crosslink density of the bis‐trans‐LO/BPEI1800 system. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2019, 57, 2466–2473
Dyadic effects of distress on sleep duration in advanced cancer patients and spouse caregivers
Authors: Otto Amy K. , Gonzalez Brian D. , Heyman Richard E. , Vadaparampil Susan T. , Ellington Lee , Reblin Maija 
Published: September 2019

AbstractObjectiveShort sleep duration is a common problem for both advanced cancer patients and their spouse caregivers. Sleep and distress have been shown to be interdependent in patient‐caregiver and spouse dyads, yet virtually, no work has explored the dyadic effects of psychological distress on sleep in advanced cancer patients and spouse caregivers. The goal of the present study was to examine the dyadic impact of anxiety and depression on sleep duration in a sample of advanced cancer patients and their spouse caregivers. It was hypothesized that, for both patients and caregivers, anxiety and depression in individuals would be associated with sleep duration in both themselves (actor effects) and in their spouses (partner effects).MethodAdvanced cancer patients and their spouse caregivers (N = 87 dyads) completed cross‐sectional questionnaires assessing demographic variables, subjective health, subjective sleep duration, and anxiety and depression symptoms.ResultsControlling for sex, age, and subjective health, individuals' anxiety was negatively associated with their own and their partner's sleep duration. No significant actor or partner effects were found for depression.ConclusionsResults provided partial support for hypotheses. Although past work has demonstrated links between subjective sleep disturbance and anxiety/psychological distress, this is one of the first studies to examine partner effects of distress on sleep disturbance in advanced cancer patients and spouse caregivers.
A simple protocol to characterize bacterial cell‐envelope lipoproteins in a native‐like environment
Authors: Giannini Estefanía , González Lisandro J. , Vila Alejandro J. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractPhysiological conditions in living cells are strictly regulated to allow, optimize, and coordinate biological processes. The bacterial cell envelope is the compartment where the communication with the external environment takes place. This involves membrane proteins, key players in many biological processes that ensure bacterial survival. The biochemical characterization of membrane proteins, either integral, lipidated or peripheral is challenging due to their mixed protein‐lipid nature, making it difficult to purify and obtain considerable amounts of samples. In contrast to integral membrane proteins, lipidated proteins are usually purified as truncated soluble versions, neglecting the impact of the membrane environment. Here we report a simple and robust protocol to characterize bacterial lipidated proteins in spheroplasts from Escherichia coli using a β‐lactamase as a model. The Metallo‐β‐lactamase NDM‐1 is an enzyme anchored to the inner leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram‐negative bacteria. Kinetic parameters and stability of the lipidated NDM‐1 and the soluble unbound version (NDM‐1 C26A) were measured in spheroplasts and periplasm, respectively. These studies revealed that membrane anchoring increases the KM of the enzyme, consequently decreasing the catalytic efficiency, while not affecting its kinetic stability. This approach can be used to characterize lipidated proteins avoiding the purification step while mimicking its native environment. This approach also helps in filling the gap between in vitro and in vivo studies.
Altering of host larval (Spodoptera exigua) calcineurin activity in response to ascovirus infection
Authors: Yu Huan , He Lei , Li Zi‐Qi , Li Ni , Ou‐Yang Yi‐Yi , Huang Guo‐Hua 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDCalcineurin (CaN) is involved in numerous cellular processes and Ca2+‐dependent signal transduction pathways. According to our previous transcriptome studies, thousands of host larval (Spodoptera exigua) transcripts were downregulated after the infection of Heliothis virescent ascovirus 3h (HvAV‐3h), while the Spodoptera exigua calcineurin genes (SeCaNs) were significantly upregulated. To understand the regulation of SeCaNs in S. exigua larvae during the infection of HvAV‐3h, the functions of CaN subunit A (SeCaN‐SubA) and CaN binding protein (SeCaN‐BP) were analysed.RESULTSThe in vitro assays indicated that the bacterial expressed SeCaN‐SubA is an acid phosphatase, but no phosphatase activity was detected with the purified SeCaN‐BP. The transcription level of SeCaN‐SubA was upregulated after HvAV‐3h infection and the CaN activity was significantly increased after HvAV‐3h infection in S. exigua larvae. Interestingly, the SeCaN‐BP transcripts were only detectable in the HvAV‐3h infected larvae. Further immunoblotting results consistently agree with those obtained by qPCR, indicating that the infection of HvAV‐3h causes the upregulated expression of SeCaN‐SubA and the appearance of SeCaN‐BP. An interaction between the cleaved SeCaN‐SubA and SeCaN‐BP was detected by co‐immunoprecipitation assays, and the expression of SeCaN‐BP in Spodoptera frugiperda‐9 (Sf9) cells can help to increase the CaN activity of SeCaN‐SubA. Further investigations with CaN inhibitors suggested that HvAV‐3h. Further investigations with CaN inhibitors suggested that the inhibition on host larval CaN activity can also inhibit the viral replication of HvAV‐3h.CONCLUSIONThe increase in CaN activity caused by HvAV‐3h infection might be due to the upregulation of SeCaN‐SubA and the induced expression of SeCaN‐BP, and increased CaN activity is essential for ascoviral replication. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
First‐Principles Prediction of a New Family of Layered Topological Insulators
Authors: Li Ping , Yu Jiangying , Xu Jinrong , Zhang Li , Huang Kai 
Published: September 2019

AbstractDozens of layered V2IV2VI6 (V=P, As, Sb, Bi; IV=Si, Ge, Sn, Pb; VI=S, Se, Te) materials are investigated, several of which have been successfully synthesized in experiment. Among them, nine strong topological insulators (TIs), two strong Z2 topological metals (TMs), and nearly twenty trivial insulators are predicted at their equilibrium structures. The TIs are in the (1;111) topological class, with energy gaps ranging from 0.04 to 0.2 eV. The strong Z2 TMs and the trivial insulators belong to the (1;111) and (0;000) topological classes, respectively. Small compressive strains easily turn some of the trivial insulators into strong TIs. This study enriches not only the family of topological materials but also the family of van der Waals layered materials, providing promising candidates for the future spintronic devices.
Cesium‐Vapor‐Based Delay of Single Photons Emitted by Deterministically Fabricated Quantum Dot Microlenses
Authors: Bremer Lucas , Fischbach Sarah , Park Suk‐In , Rodt Sven , Song Jin‐Dong , Heindel Tobias , Reitzenstein Stephan 
Published: September 2019

AbstractQuantum light sources are key building blocks of photonic quantum technologies. For many applications, it is of interest to control the arrival time of single photons emitted by such quantum devices, or even to store single photons in quantum memories. In situ electron beam lithography is applied to realize InGaAs quantum dot (QD)‐based single‐photon sources, which are interfaced with cesium (Cs) vapor to control the time delay of emitted photons. Via numerical simulations of the light–matter interaction in realistic QD‐Cs‐vapor configurations, the influence of the vapor temperature and spectral QD‐atom detuning is explored to maximize the achievable delay in experimental studies. As a result, this hybrid quantum system allows to trigger the emission of single photons with a linewidth as low as 1.54 GHz even under non‐resonant optical excitation and to delay the emission pulses by up to (15.71 ± 0.01) ns for an effective cell length of 150 mm. This work can pave the way for scalable quantum systems relying on a well‐controlled delay of single photons on a time scale of up to a few tens of nanoseconds.
Is age‐related increase of chromosome segregation errors in mammalian oocytes caused by cohesin deterioration?
Authors: Lee Jibak 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundMammalian oocytes initiate meiosis in fetal ovary and are arrested at dictyate stage in prophase I for a long period. It is known that incidence of chromosome segregation errors in oocytes increases with advancing age, but the molecular mechanism underlying this phenomenon has not been clarified.MethodsCohesin, a multi‐subunit protein complex, mediates sister chromatid cohesion in both mitosis and meiosis. In this review, molecular basis of meiotic chromosome cohesion and segregation is summarized. Further, the relationship between chromosome segregation errors and cohesin deterioration in aged oocytes is discussed.ResultsRecent studies show that chromosome‐associated cohesin decreases in an age‐dependent manner in mouse oocytes. Furthermore, conditional knockout or activation of cohesin in oocytes indicates that only the cohesin expressed before premeiotic S phase can establish and maintain sister chromatic cohesion and that cohesin does not turnover during the dictyate arrest.ConclusionIn mice, the accumulating evidence suggests that deterioration of cohesin due to the lack of turnover during dictyate arrest is one of the major causes of chromosome segregation errors in aged oocytes. However, whether the same is true in human remains elusive since even the deterioration of cohesin during dictyate arrest has not been demonstrated in human oocytes.
One‐Pot Exfoliation of Graphitic C3N4 Quantum Dots for Blue QLEDs by Methylamine Intercalation
Authors: He Xingchen , Liu Yanliang , Butch Christopher J. , Lee Bo Ram , Guo Feng , Wu Jiangxiao , Wang Ziyang , Lu Qian , Jeong Jung Hyun , Wang Yiqing , Park Sung Heum 
Published: September 2019

AbstractHere, a simplified synthesis of graphitic carbon nitride quantum dots (g‐C3N4‐QDs) with improved solution and electroluminescent properties using a one‐pot methylamine intercalation–stripping method (OMIM) to hydrothermally exfoliate QDs from bulk graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C3N4) is presented. The quantum dots synthesized by this method retain the blue photoluminescence with extremely high fluorescent quantum yield (47.0%). As compared to previously reported quantum dots, the g‐C3N4‐QDs synthesized herein have lower polydispersity and improved solution stability due to high absolute zeta‐potential (−41.23 mV), which combine to create a much more tractable material for solution processed thin film fabrication. Spin coating of these QDs yields uniform films with full coverage and low surface roughness ideal for quantum dot light‐emitting diode (QLED) fabrication. When incorporated into a functional QLED with OMIM g‐C3N4‐QDs as the emitting layer, the LED demonstrates ≈60× higher luminance (605 vs 11 Cd m−2) at lower operating voltage (9 vs 21 V), as compared to the previously reported first generation g‐C3N4 QLEDs, though further work is needed to improve device stability.
Multidimensional Integrated Chalcogenides Nanoarchitecture Achieves Highly Stable and Ultrafast Potassium‐Ion Storage
Authors: Yang Chao , Feng Jianrui , Zhang Yelong , Yang Qifeng , Li Peihao , Arlt Tobias , Lai Feili , Wang Junjie , Yin Chaochuang , Wang Wei , Qian Guoyu , Cui Lifeng , Yang Wenjuan , Chen Yanan , Manke Ingo 
Published: September 2019

AbstractPotassium‐ion batteries (KIBs) have come into the spotlight in large‐scale energy storage systems because of cost‐effective and abundant potassium resources. However, the poor rate performance and problematic cycle life of existing electrode materials are the main bottlenecks to future potential applications. Here, the first example of preparing 3D hierarchical nanoboxes multidimensionally assembled from interlayer‐expanded nano‐2D MoS2@dot‐like Co9S8 embedded into a nitrogen and sulfur codoped porous carbon matrix (Co9S8/NSC@MoS2@NSC) for greatly boosting the electrochemical properties of KIBs in terms of reversible capacity, rate capability, and cycling lifespan, is reported. Benefiting from the synergistic effects, Co9S8/NSC@MoS2@NSC manifest a very high reversible capacity of 403 mAh g−1 at 100 mA g−1 after 100 cycles, an unprecedented rate capability of 141 mAh g−1 at 3000 mA g−1 over 800 cycles, and a negligible capacity decay of 0.02% cycle−1, boosting promising applications in high‐performance KIBs. Density functional theory calculations demonstrate that Co9S8/NSC@MoS2@NSC nanoboxes have large adsorption energy and low diffusion barriers during K‐ion storage reactions, implying fast K‐ion diffusion capability. This work may enlighten the design and construction of advanced electrode materials combined with strong chemical bonding and integrated functional advantages for future large‐scale stationary energy storage.
Designing a “software quality model” based on RCCA of defects and validating based on “quality algorithm”
Authors: Anurag Abhishek , Iyer Kamatchi 
Published: September 2019

AbstractSoftware systems are very complex, and its complexity has grown exponentially as users' requirements and their usage have grown significantly. Users' requirements and the environment in which they use the software system keep changing, so maintaining its quality is very challenging. If the requirements of users are not met as per their expectations, they encounter defects that cause degradation of the quality of the software system. Such defects are analyzed to understand their impact, and they are fixed to help improve quality. In this research, a defect analysis technique called root cause and corrective actions (RCCA) is followed to analyzes different defect attributes, their interdependencies, and how they help in improving software system quality. The methodologies followed here are defining a hypothesis, finding a causal relationship between quality attributes, and testing the hypothesis. This research is based on quantitative or experimental research to understand the impact of theindependent variables on the dependent variable, which is software quality. This research identifies the “legacy quality score”, designs a new software system quality model, and quality algorithm to calculate the “new quality score”. The results indicate that the newly designed quality model helps improve the quality of the software system.
System dynamics approaches to public–private partnerships: A literature review
Authors: Pagoni Eirini Grammatiki , Georgiadis Patroklos 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIncreased complexity has been recognized as a dominant characteristic of public–private partnerships (PPPs). In this article, we review system dynamics (SD) approaches to the PPP field because SD modelling can support the policymaking process in systems with increased structural and functional complexity. Although papers published in journals and conferences have documented SD approaches to PPP problems, there appears to be a lack of systematically reviewing what they have already provided. The objectives are to compare the findings of the studies to provide insights for directing further PPP research with the use of SD. To achieve the review objectives, we categorize the papers by the problem topic raised and provide a summary of particular insights. Problem topics include construction risk assessment, risk allocation, project financing, performance of infrastructure, demand forecast, procurement strategies, and strategic policy at national levels. The paper concludes with recommendations for future SD applications.
Systemic virtues as a foundation for a general theory of design elegance
Authors: Rousseau David , Billingham Julie , Calvo‐Amodio Javier 
Published: September 2019

AbstractRecent discussion and research in systems engineering have highlighted the need for a principled approach to attaining elegance in engineered systems, in order to enhance product value and reduce life cycle risks. In this paper, we analyse the “elegance factors” pertaining to designed systems from the perspective of the philosophy of value (axiology) and characterize the elegance factors as “systemic virtues,” analogous to philosophical models of the factors pertaining to the “goodness” of persons and scientific theories. We defend the possibility of the existence and discovery of general systems laws that could ground a general theory of design elegance, and report on our strategy and progress in developing methods for discovering such laws and for developing such a theory.
Eisen und Stahl – Baumaterial der Moderne
Authors: Zimmermann Gerd , Werner Frank 
Published: September 2019

AbstractEisen und Stahl avancierten im Zuge der industriellen Revolution zum dominanten Baumaterial. Zugleich wurde klar, dass die Architektur, welche lange das historische Formenvokabular einübte und repetierte, sich nun des neuen Materials als Ausdrucksträger der Moderne bemächtigte, zu sehen in besonderer Weise am Werk von Ludwig Mies van der Rohe. Mit Konrad Wachsmann, Richard Buckminster Fuller und anderen werden weitere Dimensionen modernen Bauens erschlossen. Zum einen sind es die Konditionen des industriellen Bauens, in denen Wachsmann den „Wendepunkt des Bauens” erkennt. Jetzt geht es um Vorfertigung, Standardisierung, Rationalisierung und Systembau. Und hier spielt natürlich die möglichst universelle Verbindung der Elemente, z. B. der „Knoten”, eine besondere Rolle. Sind also die Faktoren der Industrialisierung die eine große Herausforderung, so ist es andererseits die Bewältigung der großen Dimension für modernste Infrastrukturen – Flughäfen, Stadien, Hallen.Wesentliches Ziel ist es, mit dem geringsten Aufwand an Material die größte Spannweite, die relativ leichteste Konstruktion, den größten Raum zu erreichen – Fullers Grundsatz „More with Less”, der natürlich eine Spiegelung ist von Mies van der Rohes Devise „Less is More”. Fullers geodätische Kuppeln sind ebenso die triumphalen Zeichen des Leichtbaus für gigantische Räume wie Wachsmanns Flugzeughangar oder Tensegrity‐Brücken, dies noch gesteigert in den großen Spannweiten und der empfundenen Schwerelosigkeit der Seilnetz‐ und Zeltkonstruktionen. Die Revue der enormen Karriere des Stahlbaus im 20. Jh. ist geeignet, gewisse Klischees zu beseitigen, z. B. manche Vormeinungen über die Figur des Architekten und des Ingenieurs. Zur Zusammenarbeit beider Fachdisziplinen gehört eine Art techno‐ästhetische Empathie, die Fähigkeit des Architekten, die Konstruktionen und das Material zu denken, sowie die Fähigkeit des Ingenieurs, in das Milieu der Architektur, ja auch der Kunst einzutauchen. Leute wie Fuller etwa können uns zeigen, wie fundamental es ist, über die Grenzen der Disziplinen hinaus immer erneut auf das Ganze hin zu denken.
Distributed treatment systems
Authors: Sheehan Nathaniel P. , Plante Luke , Murray Kyle , Bier Peter , Martinez Erick , Ouellette Charles , Quell Kimberly 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis section presents a review of the scientific literature published in 2018 on topics relating to distributed treatment systems. This review is divided into the following sections: constituent removal, treatment technologies, planning and treatment management, and other topics.
Bangers and cash: Baiting efficiency in a heterogeneous population
Authors: Indigo Naomi , Smith James , Webb Jonathan K. , Phillips Ben L. 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTUptake of baits is a key variable in management actions aimed at the vaccination, training, or control of many vertebrate species. Increasingly, however, it is apparent that individuals of the target species vary in their likelihood of taking baits. To optimize a baiting program, knowledge on the rate of bait uptake, how this rate changes with bait availability, and the proportion of the target population that will take a bait is required. The invasive cane toad (Rhinella marina) in Australia is a major threat to northern quolls (Dasyurus hallucatus), which are poisoned when they attack this novel toxic prey item. Conditioned‐taste‐aversion baits (cane toad sausages) can be delivered in the field to train northern quolls to avoid toads. We conducted a large‐scale field trial among 11 sites across one large property in Western Australia from 19–26 July 2017. We used camera traps and statistical modelling to estimate the proportion of baitable animals in the population, their encounter rate with baits, and survival rate of baits in the environment. Population estimates varied at each site from 2.5 to 16.8 quolls per site, resulting in a range among sites of 0.7–4.6 baits available/individual. Approximately 64% of individual quolls were bait‐susceptible. Both encounter rate and bait survival were low, resulting in our baiting regime treating <30% of the bait‐susceptible population. Using our model parameters, we estimate that we would need to increase our bait density 6‐fold to treat all bait‐susceptible individuals in the population. Without accounting for heterogeneity in bait‐susceptibility, our model would suggest we would need a 10‐fold increase in bait density. Thus, accounting for heterogeneity provides a more efficient baiting design. Data and models such as ours provide wildlife managers with information critical to informed decision‐making and are fundamental to estimate the cost‐efficiency of any baiting campaign. © 2019 The Wildlife Society.