bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
User’s feedback contribution to enhance professional online community: a motivational process
Authors: Zhang Tingting , Wang William Yu Chung , Techatassanasoontorn Angsana A. 
Published: June 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate the motivational process underlying users’ intention to provide feedback on user-contributed knowledge in professional online communities. User feedback can serve as a means of indicating the credibility of the online content, which can help community members in their knowledge-seeking process. Adopting such a user feedback mechanism is beneficial for users to identify relevant and credible content efficiently and for an online community to sustain itself.Design/methodology/approachDrawing on self-determination theory, an integrated model is proposed. In this model, behavioural intention is defined as the consequence of motivational orientations whose antecedences include various social factors. The model is empirically tested using survey data collected online and the structural equation modelling techniques.FindingsThe results show that users’ intention to provide feedback is primarily influenced by autonomous motivation. Autonomous motivation is in turn affected by social factors, including reciprocity, online reputation, trust in the user involvement mechanisms and affective and normative community commitments.Originality/valueThis study adds value to prior studies by stressing the significance and feasibility of user feedback in helping members of professional online communities with their knowledge-seeking process. It also contributes to the literature on user participation in these communities by showing the efficacy of a motivational process perspective and the role of motivational orientations, in particular, in explaining users’ behavioural intention.
A framework for linking competitor ecological differences to coexistence
Authors: Ousterhout Brittany H. , Serrano Mabel , Bried Jason T. , Siepielski Adam M. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Not all ecological differences among competing species affect their ability to locally coexist. Rather, the differences that promote stable coexistence can be those which cause each species to experience stronger intraspecific than interspecific competition. Recent approaches have established how to detect the demographic signature of these competitive effects, but alone they cannot elucidate the ecological differences among species that yield these patterns.

Here, we present a unifying experimental and observational framework that identifies potential ecological differences among species shaping their responses to intra‐ and interspecific competition. We first describe a conceptual model establishing why the strength of intra‐ and interspecific competitive interactions should vary along environmental gradients related to species ecological differences. We then show how to apply the framework using Enallagma damselflies, a diverse group of predatory aquatic insects.

To determine how species responded to intra‐ and interspecific competition along environmental gradients, we experimentally manipulated the relative abundances of three species and replicated this across five lakes which varied in environmental conditions affecting larval damselfly per capita growth and mortality rates—key vital rates regulating their populations.

Results suggest Enallagma are ecologically differentiated in ways that in some communities can result in intraspecific competition exceeding interspecific competition. However, in many cases the opposite was true, or the effects of intra‐ and interspecific competition were equivalent via growth and mortality responses. Moreover, these effects tended to be weak and asymmetrical among competitors, which suggests that differential responses of larval growth and mortality to intra‐ and interspecific competition may not contribute strongly to the maintenance of Enallagma diversity. Different environmental factors appear to shape these demographic responses to competition, providing insight into the ecological mechanisms regulating damselfly assemblages.

This framework can be broadly applied to identify the ecological differences among species that may promote coexistence, advancing knowledge of the mechanisms underlying coexistence and overcoming some limitations of purely phenomenological approaches.
Maternal age at birth shapes offspring life‐history trajectory across generations in long‐lived Asian elephants
Authors: Reichert Sophie , Berger Vérane , Jackson John , Chapman Simon N. , Htut Win , Mar Khyne U. , Lummaa Virpi 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAdvanced maternal age at birth can have pronounced consequences for offspring health, survival and reproduction. If carried over to the next generation, such fitness effects could have important implications for population dynamics and the evolution of ageing, but these remain poorly understood. While many laboratory studies have investigated maternal age effects, relatively few studies have been conducted in natural populations, and they usually only present a “snapshot” of an offspring's lifetime.In the present study, we focus on how maternal age influences offspring life‐history trajectories and performance in a long‐lived mammal.We use a multigenerational demographic dataset of semi‐captive Asian elephants to investigate maternal age effects on several offspring life‐history traits: condition, reproductive success and overall survival.We show that offspring born to older mothers display reduced overall survival but higher reproductive success, and reduced survival of their own progeny. Our results show evidence of a persistent effect of maternal age on fitness across generations in a long‐lived mammal.By highlighting transgenerational effects on the fitness of the next generation associated with maternal age, the present study helps increase our understanding of factors contributing to individual variation in ageing rates and fitness.
Tree performance in a biodiversity enrichment experiment in an oil palm landscape
Authors: Zemp Delphine Clara , Gérard Anne , Hölscher Dirk , Ammer Christian , Irawan Bambang , Sundawati Leti , Teuscher Miriam , Kreft Holger 
Published: June 2019

AbstractLarge‐scale conversion of tropical forests into oil palm monocultures has led to dramatic losses of biodiversity and ecosystem functions. While ecological restoration is urgently needed in many oil palm landscapes, there is a lack of scientific knowledge of sustainable management strategies.We established experimental tree islands of varying sizes (25 m2to 1,600 m2) and diversity levels (1, 2, 3 and 6 species) in an oil palm plantation in Sumatra, Indonesia. Six native multi‐purpose tree species includingArchidendron pauciflorum(Jengkol),Durio zibethinus(Durian),Parkia speciosa(Petai),Shorea leprosula(Meranti),Peronema canescens(Sungkai) andDyera polyphylla(Jelutung) were planted between living and felled oil palms. Here, we analyse the controlling factors of tree growth and survival during the first 4 years at the level of local neighbourhood and tree island.We found a significant effect of diversity levels on tree productivity, that is, basal area was higher in multi‐species than in single‐species tree islands. This overyielding was attributed to enhanced tree growth, while mortality had no effect. In the local neighbourhood, tree species richness had a positive effect on tree growth during the first year only, indicating that selection and dominance of well‐performing species at high level of diversity are most likely driving overyielding.Trees grew better away from living oil palms, suggesting tree‐palm competition. Proximity to felled oil palms increased growth especially during the first years, during which the planted trees might have benefited from the additional available space and resources. Despite positive edge effects from the conventional oil palm management in the surrounding, tree island size had an overall positive effect on tree growth.Synthesis and applications. We planted native trees in an oil palm landscape following a tree island pattern. The establishment success differed widely among the six planted species. The selection of particular species is a decisive factor to foster a positive relationship between diversity and tree growth. Planting larger tree islands (e.g. 1,600 square metres) is a better option to enhance tree growth, but tree‐palm competition implies a trade‐off between tree growth and palm oil production in the tree islands.
Copepods promote bacterial community changes in surrounding seawater through farming and nutrient enrichment
Authors: Shoemaker Katyanne M. , Duhamel Solange , Moisander Pia H. 
Published: June 2019

SummaryBacteria living in the oligotrophic open ocean have various ways to survive under the pressure of nutrient limitation. Copepods, an abundant portion of the mesozooplankton, release nutrients through excretion and sloppy feeding that can support growth of surrounding bacteria. We conducted incubation experiments in the North Atlantic Subtropical Gyre to investigate the response of bacterial communities in the presence of copepods. Bacterial community composition and abundance measurements indicate that copepods have the potential to influence the microbial communities surrounding and associating with them – their ‘zoosphere’, in two ways. First, copepods may attract and support the growth of copiotrophic bacteria including representatives of Vibrionaceae, Oceanospirillales and Rhodobacteraceae in waters surrounding them. Second, copepods appear to grow specific groups of bacteria in or on the copepod body, particularly Flavobacteriaceae and Pseudoalteromonadaceae, effectively ‘farming’ them and subsequently releasing them. These distinct mechanisms provide a new view into how copepods may shape microbial communities in the open ocean. Microbial processes in the copepod zoosphere may influence estimates of oceanic bacterial biomass and in part control bacterial community composition and distribution in seawater.
General Motor Holden's closure in Playford, South Australia: Analysis of the policy response and its implications for health
Authors: Browne‐Yung Kathryn , Ziersch Anna , Baum Fran , Friel Sharon , Spoehr John 
Published: June 2019

AbstractDeindustrialisation and the closure of automotive manufacturing can differentially affect the socioeconomic prospects of workers and their communities, and contribute to social and health inequity. We used Bacchi's problematisation approach to examine the South Australian (SA) Labor government's policy responses to the General Motors Holden (GMH) Elizabeth plant closure announcement. We focused on the way that these policy responses framed the ‘problem’ of this major economic shock, particularly the extent to which potential social and health equity consequences were addressed. We found a narrow focus on economic strategies, neglecting the compounding impact of poverty in Playford, which may exacerbate health inequity. The community effects from the GMH closure remain uncertain and may be delayed for several years. SA requires better integrated social and economic policies to minimise social and health inequalities, as the consequences of the car manufacturing loss are realised.
The aesthetics of ‘time reckoning’: a Guna chromatic history★
Authors: Fortis Paolo 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis is a study of time and aesthetics through an ethnographic analysis of an indigenous visual system. Looking at historical changes in women's clothing and village patterns among Guna people (Panama), the article shows that images and artefacts are key to shedding light on indigenous historicities. Core visual and material processes encapsulate and manifest biographical and group time. By the same token, such processes provide a privileged perspective to consider how present‐day social relations are the product of long‐term historical transformations. The analysis draws on the relatively overlooked notion of ‘chromatism’ developed by Lévi‐Strauss and subsequently elaborated by Lima as ‘chromatic sociality’. It proposes that ‘chromatism’ is an indigenous category that allows for reckoning with the passing of time and the shifting circumstances of history.
‘This is a gathering of lovers’: Islamic self‐help and affective pedagogies in contemporary Singapore
Authors: Jamil Nurhaizatul 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIn Singapore, the proliferation of Islamic classes drawing from self‐help rhetoric, popular culture, the Qur'an, and Hadith allude to the increased appeal of affective pedagogies to Muslim youth. Taught by Singaporean Al‐Azhar University graduates, the classes predominantly attracted university‐educated, minoritized Malay Muslim women. Through the use of affective pedagogies, the teachers reframed Islamic piety to foreground three forms of love: self, divine, and romantic. Extending scholarship on racialized affect, this article interrogates the ways in which the teachers’ affective pedagogies mediated young women's anxieties within a neoliberalizing context, and the latter's negotiations of their newly acquired religious knowledge as they contended with quotidian precarities. While anthropology's foregrounding of lived materialities complicates some of the theoretical presuppositions of affect theory, the latter expands our understanding of piety projects as not merely concerned with ethical self‐discipline, but entangled with broader racialization processes – especially for minoritized subjects whose capacity to transform becomes constitutive of a will to improve. By placing anthropological theory on Islamic piety in a dialogical tension with affect theory, I highlight the forms of affective religious sentiments that circulate through difference and negation, and are integral to particular sites of minoritized Muslim subject formation.
On fun and freedom: young women's moral learning in Indonesian Islamic boarding schools
Authors: Hefner Claire‐Marie 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis article analyses the role of fun and freedom in the moral learning of young women students in two Indonesian Islamic boarding schools. Recent debates about Islam and ethical subject formation have centred on the assumed tension between Islam and freedom. I examine decisions about television viewing and dress to illustrate both the flexibility and fixity of moral values and evaluation in girls’ lives. I argue that anthropologists of morality and Islam should take seriously moments of fun as important instances for ‘moralludus’ or ‘moral play’ – the testing, shifting, and reshaping of the boundaries of moral behaviours that involve balancing the demands of various social fields and the larger ethical community in which a person is embedded. I suggest that these moments be viewed not as ruptures or instances of hypocrisy but as everyday occurrences of embedded agency in the lives of piety‐minded individuals.
Accessing the interiority of others: Sufism in Sri Lanka
Authors: de Munck Victor , Manoharan Christopher 
Published: June 2019

AbstractWe combine Hofstadter's description of mutual interior access between persons with theories of interiority presented in ethnographic contexts and in anthropological literature on Sufi rituals. The intersection of these theories with Hofstadter's concepts is applied to three Sufi rituals: an annual village festival presided over by aMaulana(descendant of the Prophet); the devotionaldhikrcircles that meet weekly at the mosque; and a major Sufi festival held in a remote, mountainous area of Sri Lanka where living Sufi virtuosi come as well as thousands of pilgrims. Each ritual is posited to represent increasingly substantial degrees of interior alignment between participants. By intentionally expanding their senses of self through engagement in ritual practice and appreciation of religious dogma, participants approximate an overlapping of their separate interiorities. The article contributes to anthropological discussions of interiority, Muslim identity, and the sacred.
Observational study evaluating the effectiveness of physician‐targeted education for improving glycemic management of patients with type 2 diabetes (BEYOND II)
Authors: Weng Jianping , Zhao Jiajun , Zhou Zhiguang , Guo Xiaohui , Zou Dajin , Ji Qiuhe , Tong Nanwei , Li Qifu , Zhu Jun , Li Qiang , Qin Guijun , Feng Ping , Yang Liyong , Gao Zhengnan , Chen Lulu , Li Hong , Li Yiming , Zeng Longyi , Zhu Dalong , Lu Juming , Luo Tianhong , Cui Nan 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundBecause there has been no quality improvement initiatives targeting patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) receiving basal insulin therapy, this study evaluated the effectiveness of physician‐targeted education for optimizing glycemic management in these patients in China.MethodsThis multicenter open‐label observational study conducted across China had a baseline sample survey, followed by a 6‐month education program, and ended with a post‐education sample survey. Education based on T2D treatment guidelines was given at Months 1 and 3, and was reinforced by self‐audit every month. Each hospital enrolled 100 patients with T2D receiving basal insulin at both the baseline and post‐education survey. The primary outcome was the proportion of hospitals meeting individual improvement goals. The goal setting was based on the proportion of patients achieving HbA1c <7.0% in each hospital at the time of the baseline survey.ResultsOverall, the individual improvement goal was achieved by 35 centers (49%). Hospitals with poor glycemic management at the baseline survey had higher possibility to improve at post‐education survey. Two large sample surveys at baseline and post‐education showed improved glucose management among these hospitals. A higher proportion of patients achieved HbA1c <7.0% in the post‐education survey (27.2% vs 36.5%;P < 0.001) with reduced HbA1c levels (8.10% vs 7.72%;P < 0.001). Questionnaires from 723 physicians showed that confidence and practice of basal insulin use were significantly improved.ConclusionsPhysician‐targeted education improved glycemic management of patients with T2D in 71 hospitals in China, and was more effective at hospitals with poor glycemic management at the baseline survey.
Notomelia in a piglet (Sus scrofa): Case report and review of the literature
Authors: Pourlis Aris , Papatsiros Vassilis G. , Athanasiou Labrini V. , Maragkakis George G. , Tsioli Vasiliki 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis report describes a case of notomelia in a female piglet. The extra limb was attached at the interscapular region and was significantly undergrown. Its appendage was bifurcated with a unilateral keratinized tip. This is probably the first report of notomelia in a pig. The observations were compared with the bovine and ovine cases of notomelia reported so far.
Loss Aversion in Politics
Authors: Alesina Alberto , Passarelli Francesco 
Published: June 2019

AbstractWe study loss aversion in elections by investigating a median voter model (full convergence in a two‐candidate election) and a model of partial divergence of policy proposals. First, we show a status quo bias, an endowment effect, and a moderating effect of policies. Second, we show the occurrence of “long‐term cycles” in policies with self‐supporting movements to the right or the left. Finally, we prove that younger societies should be more prone to change and less affected by the status quo bias than older ones.
High prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae and particularly Trichomonas vaginalis diagnosed using US FDA‐approved Aptima molecular tests and evaluation of conventional routine diagnostic tests in Ternopil, Ukraine
Authors: Boiko Iryna , Golparian Daniel , Krynytska Inna , Unemo Magnus 
Published: June 2019

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) remain major public health problems globally. Appropriate laboratory diagnosis of STIs is rare in Ukraine. We investigated the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) and Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) using the US FDA‐approved Aptima Combo 2 and Aptima TV assays and compared the results with the conventional routine diagnostic tests (CDTs) in Ukraine. Urogenital swabs from consecutive mostly symptomatic females (n = 296) and males (n = 159) were examined. The prevalences were as follows: 10% (n = 47) of TV, 5.3% (n = 24) of CT and 1.5% (n = 7) of NG. The specificity of some CDTs was high, for example, 100% for NG culture, TV IgG ELISA, CT IgM ELISA and CT microscopy, but lower for other CDTs, that is, from 44% to 99.8%. The sensitivity of all CDTs was suboptimal, that is, 71% (n = 5) for NG microscopy, 57% (n = 4) for NG culture, 53% (n = 8) for CT IgG ELISA, 33% (n = 1) for TV IgG ELISA, 28% (n = 13) for TV microscopy, 25% (n = 1) for CT IgA ELISA, 20% (n = 3) for CT IgM ELISA and 0% (n = 0) for CT microscopy. The prevalences of particularly TV and CT were high, but substantial also for NG, in Ternopil, Ukraine. The sensitivities of all CDTs were low, and widespread implementation of validated, quality‐assured and cost‐effective molecular diagnostic STI tests in Ukraine is imperative.
Real‐world short‐term effectiveness of ustekinumab in 305 patients with Crohn’s disease: results from the ENEIDA registry
Authors: Iborra M. , Beltrán B. , Fernández‐Clotet A. , Gutiérrez A. , Antolín B. , Huguet J.M. , De Francisco R. , Merino O. , Carpio D. , García‐López S. , Mesonero F. , Navarro P. , Ferreiro‐Iglesias R. , Carbajo A.Y. , Rivero M. , Gisbert J.P. , Piñero‐Pérez M.C. , Monfort D. , Bujanda L. , García‐Sepulcre M.F. , Martín‐Cardona A. , Cañete F. , Taxonera C. , Domènech E. , Nos P. ,   GETECCU Group (Grupo Español de Trabajo en Enfermedad de Crohn y Colitis Ulcerosa)
Published: June 2019

SummaryBackgroundThere are limited data of ustekinumab administered according to the doses recommended in the UNITI studies.AimTo assess the real‐world, short‐term effectiveness of ustekinumab in refractory Crohn's disease (CD)MethodsMulticentre study of CD patients starting ustekinumab after June 2017 at the recommend dose (260, 390 or 520 mg based on weight ~6 mg/kg IV week 0 and 90 mg subcutaneously week 8). Values for Harvey‐Bradshaw Index (HBI), C‐reactive protein (CRP) and faecal calprotectin (FC) were recorded at baseline and at weeks 8 and 14. Demographic and clinical data, previous treatments, AEs and hospitalisations were documented. Possible predictors of clinical remission were examined.ResultsThree hundred and five patients were analysed (≥2 previous anti‐TNFα therapies 64% and vedolizumab 29%). At baseline, 217 (72%) had an HBI >4 points. Of these, 101 (47%) and 126 (58%) achieved clinical remission at weeks 8 and 14, respectively. FC levels returned to normal (<250 µg/g) in 46% and 54% of the patients at weeks 8 and 14 respectively. CRP returned to normal (<3 mg/L) in the 35% and 41% of the patients at week 8 and 14 respectively. AEs were recorded in 38, and 40 patients were hospitalised. Intolerance to the most recent anti‐TNF agent and fewer previous anti‐TNF agents were associated with clinical remission at week 14. Endoscopic severity was associated with poor response.ConclusionThis is the first study to show the real‐world effectiveness and safety of ustekinumab administered according to the recommended induction regimen in a cohort of highly refractory CD patients.