bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A network visualization approach and global stock market integration
Authors: Tong Chen , Chen Jing , Buckle Mike J. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThis paper applies a visualized network approach to analyse the degree of integration or comovement among global equity markets. We utilize daily prices of stock market indices of 57 countries from January 1997 to August 2012 to establish both a minimum spanning tree network and graph network. We examine network features including connectivity and centrality through a variety of indicators. Our results clearly show that there has been a tendency over time for markets to become more integrated globally even during periods of market stress. The centrality results suggest that the U.S. and Hong Kong markets have been the most dominant markets in their geographic region. For Europe, we find 3 dominant centres, the United Kingdom, France, and Germany in contrast to previous literature suggesting that the United Kingdom was the dominant country. We further identify that Japan and Australia, instead of acting as dominant countries in their region, serve as bridging countries between the region and the rest of the world. Finally, we find that Africa does not form a cluster, and individual African countries tend to connect to other developed markets.
Transition‐Metal‐Doped α‐MnO2 Nanorods as Bifunctional Catalysts for Efficient Oxygen Reduction and Evolution Reactions
Authors: Lübke Mechthild , Sumboja Afriyanti , McCafferty Liam , Armer Ceilidh F. , Handoko Albertus D. , Du Yonghua , McColl Kit , Cora Furio , Brett Dan , Liu Zhaolin , Darr Jawwad A. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractNano‐sized α‐MnO2 nanorods doped with Co or Ru were directly synthesized using a continuous hydrothermal synthesis process (production rate 10 g h−1) and investigated as relatively inexpensive (due to the small Ru content) bifunctional catalysts for both the Oxygen Reduction Reaction (ORR) and Oxygen Evolution Reaction (OER). The materials were extensively characterized using a range of analytical methods; these including Extended X‐Ray Absorption Fine Structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy measurements, which was accompanied by density functional theory studies, in order to elucidate the role of dopants in α‐MnO2 structure. Electrochemical ORR and OER investigations of the as‐prepared doped α‐MnO2 nanomaterials were compared to more expensive Pt/C or RuO2 catalysts. The doped manganese oxide nanomaterials were used as bifunctional catalysts in the positive electrode of zinc air batteries (with oversized zinc metal negative electrode and limited density of discharge window) and displayed excellent performance (the overpotential was 0.77 and 0.68 V for α‐MnO2 modified with 7.6 at% Co and 9.4 at% Ru, respectively). Overall, as a result of doping, this study achieved improved bifunctional catalytic activities of metal oxide catalysts, which was comparable to more expensive alternatives.
Chiral Amino‐Acid‐Amide Based Ionic Liquids as a Stereoselective Organocatalyst in Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation of Acetophenone at Room‐Temperature
Authors: Javle Balasaheb R. , Kinage Anil K. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractChiral Ionic Liquids (CILs) of amino acid amide were synthesized and used as novel organo catalyst for Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation (ATH) of acetophenone at room temperature. The developed CILs show very high yield and excellent enantio‐selectivity in transfer hydrogenation of acetophenone.
Flibanserin for Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder: An Open-Label Safety Study
Authors: Simon James A. , Derogatis Leonard , Portman David , Brown Louise , Yuan James , Kissling Robert 
Published: March 2018

Abstract

Background
To evaluate the safety of flibanserin in premenopausal and naturally postmenopausal women with hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD) in an open-label extension (OLE) study.

Aim
To examine the safety and tolerability of flibanserin 100 mg once daily at bedtime in the treatment of premenopausal and naturally postmenopausal women with HSDD in a multicenter 28-week OLE study.

Methods
Patients entering this study received flibanserin or placebo in the double-blinded, placebo-controlled trials of premenopausal and postmenopausal women and in a pharmacokinetic study of postmenopausal women.

Outcomes
The primary end point of this OLE study was the incidence of adverse events (AEs). Secondary exploratory efficacy measures included the Female Sexual Distress Scale–Revised (FSDS-R) total score and FSDS-R item 13 (distress owing to low desire) score and the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) total score. Because the sponsor terminated the study early at discontinuation of the development of flibanserin, only descriptive statistics were calculated.

Results
Of the 595 patients receiving study medication, 346 and 249 patients were premenopausal and postmenopausal, respectively. The mean number of days of exposure to flibanserin was 72.8 (SD = 41.6). AEs were reported by 352 patients (59.2%), and most AEs (93.8%) were mild or moderate. The most common AEs (≥5%) were dizziness (9.6%), somnolence (8.6%), insomnia (6.2%), and nausea (5.7%). There were no flibanserin-related serious AEs and no instances of suicidal ideation. The safety profile of flibanserin was similar for premenopausal and postmenopausal women. The FSDS-R total scores and FSDS-R item 13 scores were numerically lower at weeks 4, 12, and 20 than at baseline (decrease in distress owing to low desire) for premenopausal and postmenopausal women. Mean FSFI total scores were numerically higher at weeks 4, 12, and 20 than at baseline, irrespective of menopausal status of the patients.

Clinical Implications
The results of this study support the safety and tolerability of flibanserin for the treatment of HSDD in premenopausal and naturally postmenopausal women.

Strengths and Limitations
Although this open-label study was designed to be 28 weeks long, it was discontinued early by the sponsor, and patients’ maximum duration of exposure to flibanserin was 23.9 weeks. The open-label design and lack of a placebo-controlled arm are other study limitations.

Conclusion
In this open-label study, flibanserin 100 mg once daily at bedtime was generally safe and well tolerated by premenopausal and naturally postmenopausal women with HSDD.
The New Gas Ion Source at CEDAD: Improved Performances and First 14C Environmental Applications
Authors: Calcagnile Lucio , Maruccio Lucio , Braione Eugenia , Quarta Gianluca 
Published: March 2018

AbstractA new sputtering ion source has been installed at CEDAD (Centre for Dating and Diagnostics) at the University of Salento in Lecce, Italy. The installation of the new ion source, capable of accepting both solid and gas samples, required significant modifications of the existing low energy injector of the accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) system. The new ion source is connected, through an in-house designed gas handling interface, to an elemental analyzer which combusts the samples to carbon dioxide and splits the gas into an IRMS system and also to the gas feed line of the ion source. This arrangement allows the simultaneous measurement of C, N content (in the EA), carbon and nitrogen stable isotopic ratios by IRMS and radiocarbon (14C) by AMS on samples with masses in the microgram range. The results of different tests performed to find optimal operational conditions and to improve the system performances are presented. The performances of the system as a function of the diameter of the glass capillary used to feed the source and the pressure of the gas mixture in the syringe are also presented. The achievable precision and blank levels are discussed together with the results obtained in environmental studies.
Association of tribbles homologue 1 gene expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells with duration of intrauterine exposure to hyperglycaemia
Authors: POPOVA POLINA V. , VASILEVA LIUDMILA B. , TKACHUK ALEXANDRA S. , PUZANOV MAXIM V. , BOLOTKO YANA A. , PUSTOZEROV EVGENII A. , GERASIMOV ANDREY S. , ZAZERSKAYA IRINA E. , LI OLGA A. , VASILYEVA ELENA Y. , KOSTAREVA ANNA A. , DMITRIEVA RENATA I. , GRINEVA ELENA N. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryMaternal gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is considered to be an important factor that epigenetically predisposes offspring to metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. However, the mechanisms of how intrauterine hyperglycaemia affects offspring have not been thoroughly studied. The mammalian tribbles homologue 1 (TRIB1) gene is associated with plasma lipid concentrations and coronary artery disease (CAD). Our aim was to study the effect of GDM and its treatment terms on the level of TRIB1 gene expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) of newborns from women with and without GDM. The study included 50 women with GDM and 25 women without GDM (control group). Women with GDM were divided into three groups according to their gestational age when the treatment of GDM started: 24–28 weeks (GDM1, N = 16), 29–32 weeks (GDM2, N = 25) and >34 weeks (GDM3, N = 9). The levels of TRIB1 gene expression in GDM3, GDM2, GDM1 and control groups were 2.8 ± 1.1, 4.2 ± 2.4, 6.0 ± 3.4 and 8.1 ± 6.1, respectively (p = 0.001). After comparison in pairs the difference was significant for the following pairs: GDM2–control (p = 0.004), GDM3–control (p = 0.002), GDM1–GDM3 (p = 0.012). Notably, if treatment had been started before the 28th week of gestation, the difference in TRIB1 gene expression in HUVECs was not significant (p = 0.320 for comparison between GDM1 and control groups). Our findings support the hypothesis that TRIB1 gene expression in HUVECs depends on the duration of intrauterine exposure to hyperglycaemia.
Effects of isovalerate supplementation on morphology and functional gene expression of small intestine mucosa in pre- and post-weaned dairy calves
Authors: Liu Q. , Wang C. , Zhang Y. L , Pei C. X. , Zhang S. L , Guo G. , Huo W. J. , Yang W. Z. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe present study evaluated the effects of isovalerate supplementation on the development of the small intestinal mucosa in dairy calves. Forty-eight Chinese Holstein bull calves at 15 days of age and 45.1 ± 0.36 kg of body weight were assigned randomly to four groups. The treatments were control, low-isovalerate, moderate-isovalerate and high-isovalerate with 0, 3, 6 and 9 g isovalerate per calf per day, respectively. The study comprised 75 days with a 15-day adaptation period followed by a 60-day sampling period. Calves were weaned at 60 days of age. Six calves were chosen from each treatment at random and slaughtered at 30 and 90 days of age. The small intestine morphology and activities of amylase and trypsin improved significantly with increasing age. No interaction between treatments and age was observed. The small intestine length, mucosa layer thickness, villus height and crypt depth increased linearly with increasing isovalerate supplementation. However, the ratio of villus height to crypt depth was not affected by treatment. Activities of amylase and trypsin increased linearly. The lactase activity increased linearly during the 75-day period and for pre-weaned calves but was unaltered for post-weaned calves. The relative mRNA expressions of growth hormone receptor, insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor and sodium-glucose co-transporter-1 in the small intestine mucosa increased linearly, and a similar pattern was observed for the expression of peptide transporter-1 in the duodenum and proximal jejunum. The results suggested that small intestine development was promoted by isovalerate in a dose-dependent manner.
GENDER DIFFERENCES IN INTELLIGENCE OF 5- TO 11-YEAR-OLDS ON THE COLOURED PROGRESSIVE MATRICES IN EGYPT
Authors: Ziada Khaled Elsayed , Metwaly Hanaa Abdelazim Mohamed , Bakhiet Salaheldin Farah , Cheng Helen , Lynn Richard 
Published: March 2018

SummaryThis study was based on data for a sample of 1756 Egyptian primary school children (863 boys and 893 girls) aged 5–11 years assessed for intelligence with Raven’s Coloured Progressive Matrices (CPM). The results showed that boys obtained a slightly higher IQ than girls and had greater variance.
Facing up to Constantine: Reassessing the Stonegate Monumental Head from York
Authors: Russell Miles 
Published: March 2018

AbstractA damaged and badly weathered stone head, discovered prior to 1823 in York, and interpreted as an early portrait of the emperor Constantine I, is here re-examined and identified as a modified image of an earlier, deified emperor, almost certainly Hadrian. A re-analysis of the image as it survives today further suggests that the recarving, into a likeness of Constantine, occurred aftera.d.312 and not, as widely believed, at the moment of Constantine's proclamation as emperor in York ina.d.306.
The experience of a developing country using an electronic portal imaging device for the verification of patient positioning and dosimetry in radiotherapy for prostate cancer
Authors: Farhat Leila , Fourati N. , Mnejja W. , Daoud J. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractPurposeThis is a retrospective study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of routine use of electronic portal imaging device (EPID) in intensity-modulated radiation therapy for localised prostate cancer.Materials and methodsData from 20 patients with localised prostate cancer treated by radical radiotherapy using intensity-modulated technique in Habib Bourguiba Hospital were analysed to define the action levels for pretreatment planer dose distribution of 100 treatment fields and the set-up errors of 418 portal imaging. Pretreatment planar dose distribution was measured with the EPID. The additional dose from repeated portal imaging was determined with treatment planning system.ResultsFor all 100 fields, the predicted and the measured planar dose distribution agrees well with mean±standard deviation value for γmax=2·31±0·57, γavg=0·36±0·07 and γ%≤1=98·94%±0·71%, respectively. For the evaluation of set-up errors, the mean total errors with 1 SD in the lateral, longitudinal and vertical directions were 0·11±0·44 cm; 0·02±0·37 cm and −0·02±0·21 cm, respectively. The imaging additional dose was evaluated as 1 cGy per monitor unit.ConclusionEPID is a useful tool to verify pretreatment dose distribution and to assess the correct field position without a significant increase in the absorbed dose due to the repetition of portal imaging.
TNFα and IL-1β modify the miRNA cargo of astrocyte shed extracellular vesicles to regulate neurotrophic signaling in neurons
Authors: Chaudhuri Amrita Datta , Dastgheyb Raha M. , Yoo Seung-Wan , Trout Amanda , Talbot Jr C. Conover , Hao Haiping , Witwer Kenneth W. , Haughey Norman J. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractAstrocytes are known to be critical regulators of neuronal function. However, relatively few mediators of astrocyte to neuron communication have been identified. Recent advancements in the biology of extracellular vesicles have begun to implicate astrocyte derived extracellular vesicles (ADEV) as mediators of astrocyte to neuron communication, suggesting that alterations in the release and/or composition of ADEVs could influence gliotransmission. TNFα and IL-1β are key mediators of glial activation and neuronal damage, but the effects of these cytokines on the release or molecular composition of ADEVs is unknown. We found that ADEVs released in response to IL-1β (ADEV-IL-1β) and TNFα (ADEV-TNFα) were enriched with miRNAs that target proteins involved in neurotrophin signaling. We confirmed that miR-125a-5p and miR-16-5p (both enriched in ADEV-IL-1β and ADEV-TNFα) targeted NTKR3 and its downstream effector Bcl2. Downregulation of these targets in neurons was associated with reductions in dendritic growth, dendritic complexity, reduced spike rates, and burst activity. Molecular interference of miR-125a-5p and miR-16-5p prevented ADEV-IL-1β from reducing dendritic complexity, spike, and burst rates. These findings suggest that astrocytes respond to inflammatory challenge by modifying the miRNA cargo of ADEVs to diminish the activity of target neurons by regulating the translational expression of proteins controlling programs essential for synaptic stability and neuronal excitability.
Stabilizing spin spirals and isolated skyrmions at low magnetic field exploiting vanishing magnetic anisotropy
Authors: Hervé Marie , Dupé Bertrand , Lopes Rafael , Böttcher Marie , Martins Maximiliano D. , Balashov Timofey , Gerhard Lukas , Sinova Jairo , Wulfhekel Wulf 
Published: March 2018

AbstractSkyrmions are topologically protected non-collinear magnetic structures. Their stability is ideally suited to carry information in, e.g., racetrack memories. The success of such a memory critically depends on the ability to stabilize and manipulate skyrmions at low magnetic fields. The non-collinear Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction originating from spin-orbit coupling drives skyrmion formation. It competes with Heisenberg exchange and magnetic anisotropy favoring collinear states. Isolated skyrmions in ultra-thin films so far required magnetic fields as high as several Tesla. Here, we show that isolated skyrmions in a monolayer of Co/Ru(0001) can be stabilized down to vanishing fields. Even with the weak spin-orbit coupling of the 4d element Ru, homochiral spin spirals and isolated skyrmions were detected with spin-sensitive scanning tunneling microscopy. Density functional theory calculations explain the stability of the chiral magnetic features by the absence of magnetic anisotropy energy.
Publisher Correction: Total synthesis of the reported structure of 13a-hydroxytylophorine
Authors: Zhang Hui , Li Gang , Su Bo , Deng Meng , Liu Yu-Xiu , Gu Yu-Cheng , Wang Qing-Min 
Published: March 2018

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has been fixed in the paper.
Optimising the transport properties and reactivity of microbially-synthesised magnetite for in situ remediation
Authors: Joshi Nimisha , Liu Feixue , Watts Mathew Paul , Williams Heather , Coker Victoria S. , Schmid Doris , Hofmann Thilo , Lloyd Jonathan R. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractEngineered nanoparticles offer the potential for remediation of land and water that has been contaminated by organics and metals. Microbially synthesized nano-scale magnetite, prepared from Fe(III) oxides by subsurface Fe(III)-reducing bacteria, offers a scalable biosynthesis route to such a nano-scale remediation reagent. To underpin delivery of “bionanomagnetite” (BNM) nanomaterial during in situ treatment options, we conducted a range of batch and column experiments to assess and optimise the transport and reactivity of the particles in porous media. Collectively these experiments, which include state of the art gamma imaging of the transport of 99m Tc-labelled BNM in columns, showed that non-toxic, low cost coatings such as guar gum and salts of humic acid can be used to enhance the mobility of the nanomaterial, while maintaining reactivity against target contaminants. Furthermore, BNM reactivity can be enhanced by the addition of surface coatings of nano-Pd, extending the operational lifetime of the BNM, in the presence of a simple electron donor such as hydrogen or formate.
Author Correction: A role for small secreted proteins (SSPs) in a saprophytic fungal lifestyle: Ligninolytic enzyme regulation in Pleurotus ostreatus
Authors: Feldman Daria , Kowbel David J. , Glass N. Louise , Yarden Oded , Hadar Yitzhak 
Published: March 2018

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has been fixed in the paper.
Publisher Correction: Factors influencing neurocognitive function in patients with neuroepithelial tumors
Authors: Gempt Jens , Lange Nicole , Bette Stefanie , Foreman Sarah Charlotte , Cammardella Jasmin Hernandez , Albertshauser Jennifer , Gradtke Corinna , Buchmann Niels , Ryang Yu-Mi , Schmidt-Graf Friederike , Meyer Bernhard , Ringel Florian 
Published: March 2018

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has been fixed in the paper.
Expanding the toolbox for cryopreservation of marine and freshwater diatoms
Authors: Stock Willem , Pinseel Eveline , De Decker Sam , Sefbom Josefin , Blommaert Lander , Chepurnova Olga , Sabbe Koen , Vyverman Wim 
Published: March 2018

AbstractDiatoms constitute the most diverse group of microalgae and have long been recognised for their large biotechnological potential. In the wake of growing research interest in new model species and development of commercial applications, there is a pressing need for long-term preservation of diatom strains. While cryopreservation using dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) as a cryoprotective agent is the preferred method for long-term strain preservation, many diatom species cannot be successfully cryopreserved using DMSO. Therefore, in this study, we studied cryopreservation success in six different diatom species, representing the major morphological and ecological diatom groups, using a range of DMSO concentrations and Plant Vitrification Solution 2 (PVS2) as an alternative cryoprotectant to DMSO. In addition, we tested whether suppressing bacterial growth by antibiotics accelerates the post-thaw recovery process. Our results show that the effects of cryoprotectant choice, its concentration and the addition of antibiotics are highly species specific. In addition, we showed that PVS2 and antibiotics are useful agents to optimize cryopreservation of algae that cannot survive the traditional cryopreservation protocol using DMSO. We conclude that a species-specific approach will remain necessary to develop protocols for diatom cryopreservation and to increase their representation in public culture collections.
PSMA expression: a potential ally for the pathologist in prostate cancer diagnosis
Authors: Bravaccini Sara , Puccetti Maurizio , Bocchini Martine , Ravaioli Sara , Celli Monica , Scarpi Emanuela , De Giorgi Ugo , Tumedei Maria Maddalena , Raulli Giandomenico , Cardinale Loredana , Paganelli Giovanni 
Published: March 2018

AbstractProstate cancer (PCa) patients are risk-stratified on the basis of clinical stage and PSA level at diagnosis and the Gleason Score (GS) in prostate biopsy. However, these parameters are not completely accurate in discriminating between high- and low-risk disease, creating a need for a reliable marker to determine aggressiveness. Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) appears to fulfill this need. We analyzed 79 prostate biopsies and 28 prostatectomies to assess whether PSMA expression detected by immunohistochemistry is related to GS. PSMA expression was correlated with GS in both sample types (biopsies, P < 0.0001 and prostatectomy samples, P = 0.007). We observed lower PSMA expression in Gleason pattern 3 than Gleason pattern 4, suggesting that this biomarker could be useful to distinguish between these entities (p < 0.0001). The best cut-off value of 45% immunopositivity was determined by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. In Gleason pattern 3 vs. Gleason pattern 4 and 5, PSMA sensitivity was 84.1% (95% CI 76.5%-91.7%) and specificity was 95.2% (95% CI 90.6%-99.8%), with an area under the curve of 93.1 (95% CI 88.8–97.4). Our results suggest that PSMA represents a potential ally for the pathologist in the diagnostic work-up of PCa to overcome long-standing morphological classification limits.