bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Relationship Between Perceived Discrimination and Social Adaptation of Migrant Workers' Children: The Role of Alienation and Psychological Capital
Authors: Wu Yushen , Chong Daohan , Xu Liping , Zhang Xichao 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis study explores the relationship between perceived discrimination and social adaptation of migrant workers' children, as well as the mediating role of sense of alienation and the moderating role of psychological capital. A multi‐stage‐multi‐source longitudinal study design was adopted. A total of 423 Chinese migrant workers' children (Mage = 13.36, Female ratio = 39.48%) were recruited, and sample data were collected at three time points for 6 months. The results indicated that the interpersonal alienation played a mediating role between discriminatory perception and social adaptation. Psychological capital moderated the relationship between perceived discrimination and interpersonal alienation. Compared to participants with high psychological capital, interpersonal alienation played a stronger mediating role between perceived discrimination and social adaptation among those with low psychological capital. Perceived discrimination could reduce the level of social adaptation of migrant workers' children through interpersonal alienation. The social adaptation of migrant workers' children could be improved by improving the level of psychological capital.
Ultrasensitive NIR‐II Surface‐Enhanced Resonance Raman Scattering Nanoprobes with Nonlinear Photothermal Effect for Optimized Phototheranostics
Authors: Song Laicui , Li Jin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSurface‐enhanced resonance Raman scattering (SERRS) in the second near‐infrared (NIR‐II) window has great potential for improved phototheranostics, but lacks nonfluorescent, resonant and high‐affinity Raman dyes. Herein, it is designed and synthesize a multi‐sulfur Raman reporter, NF1064, whose maximum absorption of 1064 nm rigidly resonates with NIR‐II excitation laser while possessing absolutely nonfluorescent backgrounds. Ultrafast spectroscopy suggests that the fluorescence quenching mechanism of NF1064 originates from twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT) in the excited state. Gold nanorods (AuNRs) decorated with such nonfluorescent NF1064 (AuNR@NF1064) show remarkable SERRS performances, including zero‐fluorescence background, femtomolar‐level sensitivity as well as superb photostability without fluorescence photobleaching. More importantly, AuNR@NF1064 exhibits a nonlinear photothermal effect upon plasmonic fields of AuNRs by amplifying the non‐radiative decay of nonfluorescent NF1064, thus achieving a high photothermal conversion of 68.5% in NIR‐II window with potential for further augmentation. With remarkable SERRS and photothermal properties, the NIR‐II nanoprobes allow for high‐precision intraoperative guided tumor resection within 8 min, and high‐efficient hyperthermia combating of drug‐resistant bacterial infection within living mouse body. This work not only unlocks the potential of nonfluorescent resonant dyes for NIR‐II Raman imaging, but also opens up a new method for boosting photothermal conversion efficiency of nanomaterials.
Decelerating and Accelerating Sulfur Reduction Reaction via P‐OV‐In2O3 Enables High‐Performance Li‐S Batteries
Authors: Liu Siyu , Zhang Jiudi , Yang Jinzheng , Gao Yumeng , Wang Yali , Geng Lili , Mao Weixi , Guo Yajuan , Wang Haozhi , Li Junjie , Jin Zhanshuang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe sluggish sulfur reduction reaction (SRR) kinetics of lithium‐sulfur (Li‐S) batteries seriously limits the development of Li‐S batteries. The initial reduction of solid (S8) to liquid (soluble Li2Sn (4≤n≤8)) is relatively easy due to the low activation energy, whereas the subsequent conversion of liquid (soluble Li2Sn) to solid (insoluble Li2S2/Li2S) has much higher activation energy, which leads to the accumulation of Li2Sn and exacerbates the shuttle effect of Li2Sn. Therefore, establishing one selective catalyst that decelerates the previous solid‐liquid reaction and accelerates the subsequent liquid‐solid reaction is essential for rational tailoring of the SRR for improved performance of Li‐S batteries, but it represents a daunting challenge. Here, considering that the indium oxide catalyst possesses selective catalytic properties and drawing inspiration from the theoretical calculations, In2O3 nanospheres containing phosphorus doping and oxygen vacancies (P‐OV‐In2O3 NSs) are designed and synthesized as a selective catalyst for Li‐S batteries. Contributed by the unique selective catalytic capability, the batteries using P‐OV‐In2O3 NSs modified separators exhibit excellent sulfur utilization, superb rate performance (656 mAh g−1 at 5.0 C), and low‐capacity decay rate of about 0.069% per cycle over 500 cycles at 1.0 C.
Activating Lattice Oxygen by Electrochemical De‐Lithiation for Efficient Benzyl Alcohol Oxidation
Authors: Li Shujing , Tian Han , Luo Wenshu , Wu Han , Sun Wenping , Cui Xiangzhi , Shi Jianlin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractElectrocatalytic benzyl alcohol oxidation reaction (EBOR) is a feasible way to produce high‐value‐added benzaldehyde and benzoic acid. However, the performance of catalyst usually suffers from the high energy barrier for the O─O bonding step resulting in sluggish process. Herein, lattice oxygen activation strategy is proposed by the electrochemical de‐lithiation of LiNiO2 to catalyze the EBOR through direct O─O bonding to significantly enhance the EBOR performance. The electrochemical de‐lithiation make the charge redistributed in Ni–O portion, leading to the lattice oxygen in LiNiO2 activated, thereby reducing the energy barrier of the O─O coupling step by following lattice oxygen mechanism (LOM). The constructed de‐LiNiO2 exhibits excellent EBOR catalytic activity featuring current densities of 100 and 400 mA cm−2 at only 1.397 and 1.431 V, respectively, outperforming the currently reported analogous electrocatalysts. The formation of high‐valence Ni4+ after de‐lithiation leads to direct O–O coupling between lattice oxygen in de‐LiNiO2 and oxygen‐containing intermediates in EBOR, favoring an energetically favorable LOM pathway, thereby enhancing the EBOR performance. This work provides a new strategy to enhance the electrocatalytic activity by changing the reaction mechanism rather than focusing on catalyst design, opening up a new path for the development of advanced biomass oxidation electrocatalysts.
Magnetically‐Controlled Graphite Alignment for Fast and Stable Anion Intercalation
Authors: Kang Jieun , Song Youngjin , Kim Sungho , Han Dong‐Yeob , Ryu Jaegeon , Park Soojin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDual‐ion batteries (DIBs) are emerging as promising candidates for fast‐charging electric vehicles owing to their ability to intercalate both cations and anions. However, increasing the energy density of DIBs, especially with thick graphite cathodes, remains a challenge due to structural instability during anion intercalation. In this study, a magnetically controlled method is introduced to vertically align graphite particles in thick electrodes, significantly improving the performance of DIBs. This novel architecture creates dense, low‐tortuosity paths for fast anion transport and structural stability, allowing for high mass loadings exceeding 20 mg cm−2. The vertically aligned graphite cathodes demonstrate a discharge capacity of 1.02 mAh cm−2 at 5 C, retaining 85.6% capacity after 1000 cycles at 1 C, outperforming randomly and horizontally aligned graphite electrodes. Optimized electrodes also exhibit superior structural integrity and reduced formation of cathode electrolyte interphase compared to conventional designs. This study highlights the effectiveness of electrode architectural optimization in enhancing both energy density and fast‐charging capabilities, providing a straightforward approach to developing next‐generation DIBs with high performance and stability for practical applications in electric vehicles.
Refactoring to Standard C++20 Modules
Authors: Szalay Richárd , Porkoláb Zoltán 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTGood component‐based design for software projects is a desired property both for development and maintenance. The C++ programming language inherited the “translation unit” model from C, where every source file is individually compiled with no knowledge about other parts of the project. This model has several drawbacks, and C++20 Modules is the Standard's answer for them. Moreover, Modules allows a cleaner encapsulation of concern. This paper investigates a semi‐automatic modularization method to refactor existing C++ projects. Our approach uses dependency analysis and clustering to organize elements of an existing project into modules, without domain‐specific information. Based on our study of two medium‐size open‐source projects from disjoint domains and vastly distinct architecture, upgrading existing software systems to the new Modules feature is limited by the existing design of the project's architecture. To fully facilitate the use of Modules in a project, it is likely that both project‐internal and user‐facing interfaces must be changed.
Purification of Phenylethanoid Glycosides From Syringa pubescens Turcz. via Macroporous Resins and Comparison of Biological Activity
Authors: Zhang Zi‐Chen , Wu Yan‐Fang , Xiong Jian‐Sheng , Guan Xin‐Yi , Zhang Su‐Ya , Wang Xin‐Sheng 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTSyringa pubescens Turcz. has been universally employed to make flower tea for the treatment of cough in the western part of Henan Province. Many researchers have confirmed that the phenylethanoid glycosides from S. pubescens were bioactive compounds. In this study, various macroporous resins have been employed to evaluate the potential of adsorption and desorption for phenylethanoid glycosides. The HPD‐450 resins were appropriate for the purification of phenylethanoid glycosides, and the optimum purification conditions were established. The adsorption properties were well modeled using the pseudo‐second‐order kinetics. Meanwhile, the adsorption isotherm could be better represented by the Langmuir equation, suggesting that the process was an exothermic reaction. Moreover, the purified sample possessed a stronger antioxidant capacity. The inhibitory activity of the crude extract against α‐amylase and α‐glucosidase was stronger than that of purified sample. The findings obtained provided a scientific foundation for further research and high‐value exploration of this plant and a potential technique for scale‐up purification of phenylethanoid glycosides.
Encounters with Kampo medicine and its use in current position
Authors: Ogata Riko , Hakariya Arisa , Okada Shohei , Uneda Kazushi , Suzuki Tomio , Suzuki Tomoko , Takayama Shin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe symposium entitled “Encounters with Kampo medicine and its use in current position” was held at the annual congress of the Japan Society for Oriental Medicine (JSOM) on June 2, 2024, in Osaka, Japan. Five presenters had encountered Kampo medicine and its benefits in various medical settings according to their areas of expertise: primary care and community health, post‐emergency care, child psychiatry, research, and general medicine. The current work of the five presenters and their use of Kampo medicine may aid the many participants both in their learning of Kampo medicine and in their careers. This paper summarizes the contents of the enthusiastic presentations and discussions at this symposium. We hope that a similar symposium or presentation will be a regular occurrence at the annual congress of JSOM.
Comparison of Anaerobic Culture Methods for Detecting Clostridioides difficile in Bovine Faeces
Authors: Redding Laurel E. , Daniel Scott G. , Smith Alexander , Keenan Orlaith , Barnhart Denise , Zackular Joseph P. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe study of the epidemiology of Clostridioides difficile in populations is greatly facilitated by the ability to isolate and further characterize individual organisms, which requires effective culture protocols. In cattle, where little is known about the epidemiology of C. difficile, no studies have assessed or compared the performance of different assays for detecting C. difficile.ObjectivesThis study compared two culture protocols for detecting C. difficile in bovine faeces from 121 gestating cows and 70 of their neonatal calves, while situating results obtained with each protocol relative to those obtained with shotgun metagenomic sequencing.MethodsProtocol 1 involved direct plating enrichment onto taurocholine‐cycloserine‐cefoxitin‐fructose agar (TCCFA), while Protocol 2 included an ethanol shock step before plating on CCFA/ChromID agar. For both protocols, one aliquot underwent broth enrichment prior to plating, while the other aliquot did not.ResultsClostridioides difficile was detected following broth enrichment in two of the same calf samples using both protocols, and an additional cow sample was found to be positive with Protocol 2, though the difference in detection rates was not statistically significant (p = 1.0).ConclusionsThe detection of C. difficile in a much high number of these samples by shotgun metagenomics, albeit at low levels of relative abundance, suggests that neither of these culture protocols is sensitive when levels of abundance are low.
Impact of Dried Thyme Leaf Meal on Production Performance, Egg Quality and Blood Parameters of Laying Hens
Authors: Yasin Abdulwahid , Tamiru Metekia , Alkhtib Ashraf , Mohammed Abdo , Tadesse Tagesse , Wamatu Jane , Burton Emily 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe use of commercially extracted phytogenic compounds to maintain poultry health and productivity in the absence of in‐feed antibiotics is prohibitively costly in developing countries.ObjectivesThe goal of the study is to determine the effect of dietary supplementation with Thymus schimperi leaf meal (TLM) on production performance, egg quality and haemato‐biochemical parameters of Bovan brown layers.MethodsA total of 96 laying hens at 25 weeks of age were randomly assigned to 4 treatments with 6 replications each. The treatments include the control (standard commercial laying diet), TLM1.5 (control + 1.5% TLM), TLM2.5 (control + 2.5% TLM) and TLM3.5 (control + 3.5% TLM). Egg production, feed intake and feed conversion ratio were recorded for each replicate. Two eggs per replication were used to measure internal and external egg quality traits on a monthly basis. At the end of the trial, blood samples were collected from 2 birds/replicate for the determination of albumin, uric acid, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, luteinizing hormone, prolactin and progesterone.ResultsAll blood parameters were within the normal ranges of the breed. Egg production, feed conversion ratio, internal egg quality traits and external egg quality traits of hens fed diets containing 2.5% TLM were significantly higher than the control. Furthermore, diets containing 2.5% TLM led to a significantly reduced feed conversion ratio compared to all other dietary treatments.ConclusionsIn conclusion, 2.5% TML is recommended to improve egg production and egg quality without adverse effect on hen health.
Assessing drought stress impact on olive trees using AI and Sentinel‐2 satellite imagery
Authors: Majikumna Kaloma Usman , Zineddine Mhamed , Alaoui Ahmed El Hilali 
Published: November 2024

AbstractOlive tree cultivation in the Mediterranean region faces significant challenges due to drought stress, highlighting the critical role of water resources in sustaining agricultural productivity. This study proposes a novel approach to evaluate the impacts of drought on olive trees by analyzing LULC variations from 2018 to 2023. We integrated Sentinel‐2 data for LULC classification with the Vegetation Health Index (VHI) for drought assessment. Three machine learning algorithms, namely Support Vector Machine (SVM), K‐Nearest Neighbor (KNN), and Random Forest (RF), were employed to assess LULC classification, with RF demonstrating the best overall performance. Our results show that both RF and KNN achieved significantly better performance when combining spectral bands with spectral indices, compared to using spectral bands alone, and both outperformed SVM. The LULC analysis reveals an initial growth in the olive cultivation area, peaking at 148.573 km2 in 2020, followed by a decline to 124.276 km2 in 2022, with a slight recovery to 129.485 km2 in 2023. This trend suggests that while the initial expansion was driven by favorable conditions, subsequent reductions may be linked to climate variability, resource limitations, or economic factors. This observation is supported by a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.74 between VHI and rainfall. To promote sustainable olive cultivation, the study recommends optimizing irrigation practices, enhancing climate and vegetation monitoring, investing in drought‐resistant olive varieties, and adopting precision agriculture technologies.
The State of Marriage in Somalia, Djibouti, and Comoros
Authors: Omar Yusuf Sheikh 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThere are many types of marriage in Somalia, Djibouti, and Comoros, the main ones being arranged and great marriages. One of the main differences in arranged marriage is that the ethnic Afar group in Djibouti does not give strong consideration to the bride-price and material gains during the marriage process, while ethnic Somalis do. Instead, Afar people put a lot of emphasis on the attitudes and attributes of the girl’s suitor, as well as the best ways to strengthen social bonds within the kinship group that both the bride and groom belong to. For the ethnic Somalis, marrying outside one’s own clan is encouraged in order to widen social relationships and create alliances, or to reconcile warring groups from different clans. In the great marriage of Comoros, the economy is the main factor that enables people to have this costly marriage, which influences social attitudes, views, and mainstream society’s perceptions of the groom and his bride.
Automatic exposure strategy network for robust visual odometry in environments with high dynamic range
Authors: Li Jieyu , Zhen Ruiwen , Stevenson Robert 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The success of visual-based localization requires the image features to be sufficiently captured in well-exposed images and reliably tracked among image sequences. In this paper, a learning-based exposure strategy algorithm is developed to improve the performance of visual odometry or simultaneous localization and mapping in scenes with sudden illumination changes and high dynamic range (HDR). The exposure value is predicted by optimizing a novel image information metric, which is calculated based on a multi-scale image histogram. Experimental observations show that the proposed metric is highly related to the localization performance, and achieves better localization accuracy when compared to other state-of-the-art metrics. Using this novel metric, the exposure control network is designed to predict the exposure value for the next image given a sequence of recently captured images as inputs. For different application scenarios, alternative network frameworks are proposed with the options to include an optimization module providing improved exposure values for feedback learning, but with additional computation complexity. The approach is light-weight for real-time video applications and the images captured using the predicted exposure values are well-exposed with better detected and matched features in a variety of challenging HDR scenes. Code will be available in https://github.com/leejieyu13/HDR-AE.
Government regulation or industry self-regulation of AI? Investigating the relationships between uncertainty avoidance, people’s AI risk perceptions, and their regulatory preferences in Europe
Authors: Wilczek Bartosz , Thäsler-Kordonouri Sina , Eder Maximilian 
Published: November 2024

AbstractArtificial Intelligence (AI) has the potential to influence people’s lives in various ways as it is increasingly integrated into important decision-making processes in key areas of society. While AI offers opportunities, it is also associated with risks. These risks have sparked debates about how AI should be regulated, whether through government regulation or industry self-regulation. AI-related risk perceptions can be shaped by national cultures, especially the cultural dimension of uncertainty avoidance. This raises the question of whether people in countries with higher levels of uncertainty avoidance might have different preferences regarding AI regulation than those with lower levels of uncertainty avoidance. Therefore, using Hofstede’s uncertainty avoidance scale and data from ten European countries (N = 7.855), this study investigates the relationships between uncertainty avoidance, people’s AI risk perceptions, and their regulatory preferences. The findings show that people in countries with higher levels of uncertainty avoidance are more likely to perceive AI risks in terms of a lack of accountability and responsibility. While people’s perceived AI risk of a lack of accountability exclusively drives their preferences for government regulation of AI, the perceived AI risk of a lack of responsibility can foster people’s requests for government regulation and/or industry self-regulation. This study contributes to a better understanding of which mechanisms shape people’s preferences for AI regulation.
Age-dependent self- and individual chemosensory discrimination in male Psammodromus algirus lizards is based on lipids and proteins from their scent
Authors: Martín José , López Pilar , Rodríguez-Ruiz Gonzalo , Cuervo José Javier , Sacchi Roberto , Mangiacotti Marco 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSelf- and individual discrimination are needed to maintain social relationships. However the extent of precision of these abilities may depend on the social strategy of each individual, which may vary with ontogeny. Many animals use chemical cues to discriminate conspecifics. For example, many lizards use femoral gland secretions, which are composed of lipids and proteins, but it is not well known the role of each of these chemical classes in conspecific discrimination. We examined whether and how differences in age-dependent social strategies of male lizards Psammodromus algirus affect self- and individual chemosensory discrimination, and whether these are mediated by the lipid and/or protein fraction of femoral secretions. In this lizard species, there are two age categories of males that adopt alternative reproductive strategies; dominant and territorial “old” males and “young”, but reproductively mature, satellite-sneaker males. We examined chemosensory responses to separated lipid and protein fractions of femoral secretions. Both young and old males discriminated both their own lipids and proteins from those of conspecific males of their same age category. With respect to individual discrimination, only old males distinguished different unfamiliar old males based on their lipids alone, but not on proteins, while they do not discriminate between different individual young males. In contrast, young males do not show individual discrimination in any case. Therefore, our results show age-related differences in chemical social discrimination abilities in male P. algirus lizards that could be explained by their different age-dependent social strategies.