bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comparative analysis of heme vs non-heme iron administration: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Ruelas Mariano Gallo , Alvarado-Gamarra Giancarlo , Aramburu Adolfo , Dolores-Maldonado Gandy , Rodríguez Karen Cueva , Rojas-Limache Gabriela , Diaz-Parra Carmen del Pilar , Lanata Claudio F. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background and purpose: Bioavailability studies and observational evidence suggest that heme iron (HI) may have greater impact on iron status indicators compared with non-heme iron (NHI). This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to review the current evidence on the effect of the administration of HI compared with NHI for improving iron status in non-hospitalized population groups.
Methods: We searched Pubmed, CENTRAL, Scopus, Web of Science, and LILACS from inception to July 2024. There was no language restriction or exclusion based on age or iron status. Only randomized controlled trials comparing HI with NHI were considered. A random-effects meta-analysis was performed to compare the effect of treatments for iron status indicators and total side effects (including gastrointestinal side effects). We measured the certainty of the evidence (CoE) using GRADE assessment.
Results: After screening 3097 articles, 13 studies were included. Most of the interventions used HI in low doses combined with NHI. The meta-analysis showed higher hemoglobin increases in children with anemia or low iron stores receiving HI (MD 1.06 g/dL; 95% CI: 0.34; 1.78; CoE: Very low). No statistically significant difference between interventions were found for any iron status indicator in the other population subgroups(CoE: Very low). Participants receiving HI had a 38% relative risk reduction of total side effects compared to NHI (RR 0.62; 95% CI 0.40; 0.96; CoE: Very low).
Conclusion: The current evidence comparing HI with NHI is very limited, preliminary findings suggest that interventions using HI may result in fewer side effects and may be superior in children with iron deficiency. However, given the very low certainty of the evidence, these results need further investigation through high-quality clinical trials.
Let Nature be your teacher: Caring for agricultural landscapes through a sense of place
Authors: Turner James , Henwood Roxanne , Tamahou Oriwa , Collins Heather , Stokes Simon 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

While the global agri-food system has fed a rapidly growing global population, industrialisation of agriculture is contributing to negative ecological and social outcomes. Strengthening humanity’s reciprocal relationship with the natural world has potential to address these negative outcomes. This paper focuses on the relationships a group of interviewed farmers have with the landscapes they farm and the responsibilities and actions that arise in care of these landscapes. We use an abductive approach to draw from the sense of place and care of place literatures in exploring interviews with these sheep, beef and deer farmers in the Upper Clutha of Aotearoa-New Zealand. Sense of place are the meanings and attachments held by these farmers toward the landscapes they farm. Care of place is who and what farmers feel responsibilities to and their motivations to care for agricultural landscapes. The analysis highlights a diversity of place meanings and attachments, and responsibilities in care of place among the farmers. The findings provide insights into how farmers’ different understandings of the relationship between nature and humans shape their place meanings when interacting with agricultural landscapes, and the actions they take in care of place. The few farmers who talked about sense of place as emergent through their interactions with the landscape referred to listening to landscapes to understand if the land was healthy. In care of place these farmers described activities and enterprises that contribute to the healthy ecological functioning of the landscape.
Enhancing Air Passenger Demand Forecasts through a Novel Approach Using Generalized Additive and Spatial Generalized Additive Models
Authors: Venkadavarahan Marimuthu , Raghavendran Ganesh , Rohith Murugan , Gunasekaran Karuppan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

The aviation industry has experienced significant growth in recent decades, profoundly affecting global travel and economic development. Predicting Air Passenger Demand (APD) is essential for strategic planning in aviation, impacting route choices, fleet allocation, and pricing. This study utilises advanced statistical techniques, specifically Generalized Additive Models (GAM) and Spatial GAM, to analyse the complex determinants of APD, incorporating non-linear relationships and spatial dependencies. The research evaluates the impact of geoeconomic factors, service-related variables, and built-environment features on APD. Key determinants include population density, per capita income, GDP, flight frequency, airfare, travel time, tourist attractions and educational centres. The study uses comprehensive data from authoritative sources such as the Airports Authority of India and NITI Aayog, covering April 2019 to March 2023. Findings reveal that the GAM model explains 87.7% of APD variability, highlighting factors like year, population, airfare, flight duration, train fare, population density, tourist spots, and sports centres. The Spatial GAM model, with an adjusted R-squared value of 0.925 and 94.5% deviance, explained accounts for spatial variations and identified key interaction effects among various factors. These insights inform policy recommendations to enhance APD and ensure balanced urban development, including integrating urban planning with aviation infrastructure, adjusting pricing strategies, promoting tourism and recreational facilities, addressing socio-economic disparities, and enhancing connectivity and service frequency. This study provides a robust framework for better decision-making and strategic planning in aviation, supporting the development of effective policies to meet evolving passenger needs. Future research should explore long-term trends and emerging factors to understand APD dynamics further.
Assessing Joint Simulation and Estimation Approaches in Geometallurgical Modeling
Authors: Khorram Farzaneh 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Given that energy costs are a significant component of overall processing costs in mineral plants, reducing these costs through process optimization or technology adoption enhances the technical and financial feasibility of a deposit. Geometallurgical modeling plays a key role in understanding the relationship between material characteristics, mine planning, and processing stages, ultimately contributing to more efficient resource management and cost reduction in mineral processing. This study aims to develop a block model for evaluating comminution energy consumption (CEC) and identifying blocks with the highest energy usage potential during the grinding process in a specified region. Therefore, by applying advanced geostatistical techniques, including joint estimation and simulation based on geometallurgical data from multiple mineral processing stages, we predict CEC across the study area. The dataset encompasses 2.754 drill samples and a block model with 4.680 blocks. In this effort, imulation techniques, such as Plurigaussian and Turning Bands, provided more realistic outcomes than cokriging, considering the unique characteristics of geometallurgical data and the limitations of kriging methods.
COROA E O PARAFUSO, ROSCA SEM FIM
Authors: Miguel Marcelo Calderari 
Published: December 2024

Como ensinar a reflexão relevantes em Ciências Sociais? Como propiciar um novo encontro entre a poesia e a América Latina? A poesia, ou texto lírico, é uma das sete artes tradicionais, pela qual a linguagem transmite sociais mensagens com fins estéticos ou críticos. A composição poética trata sobre algumas demandas direcionadas à Dignidade e a vida.
Network Pharmacology and In Vivo Experimental Verification of the Mechanism of the Qing'e Pill for Treating Intervertebral Disc Degeneration
Authors: Jin Hui , Ma Huaiyu , Wu Jie , Wu Ruizhe , Xu Haoran , Chen Weixing , Li Linghui , Zeng Jingqi , Wang Fan 
Published: December 2024

Objective:
The Qing’e Pill (QEP) is widely used to alleviate low back pain and sciatica
caused by Intervertebral Disc Degeneration (IDD). However, its active components, key targets,
and molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. The aim of this study is to elucidate the
molecular mechanisms through which the QEP improves IDD using database mining techniques.

Methods:
Active components and candidate targets of the QEP were identified using the Traditional
Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform and the Bioinformatics
Analysis Tool for Molecular Mechanisms of Traditional Chinese Medicine. IDD-related targets
were obtained from the GeneCards database, and liver- and kidney-specific genes were retrieved
from the BioGPS database. The intersection of these candidate targets was analyzed to
identify potential targets for the QEP in IDD. A protein-protein interaction network analysis was
performed using STRING and Cytoscape 3.7.2 software. Core targets were further analyzed
through Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment
analyses. Molecular docking was used to assess the binding affinity of active components to
candidate targets, and animal experiments were conducted for validation.

Results:
We identified 65 potentially active components of the QEP that corresponded to 1,093
candidate targets, 2,108 IDD-related targets, and 1,113 liver- and kidney-specific genes. Key components
included quercetin, berberine, isorhamnetin, and emodin. The primary candidate targets
were Wnt5A, CTNNB1, IL-1β, MAPK14, MMP9, and MMP3. The GO and KEGG analyses revealed
the involvement of these targets in Wnt signaling, TNF signaling, Wnt receptor activation,
Frizzled binding, and Wnt-protein interactions. Molecular docking showed strong binding between
these components and their targets. Animal experiments demonstrated that the QEP treatment
significantly reduced the expression of Wnt5A, CTNNB1, IL-1β, MAPK14, MMP9, and
MMP3 at high, medium, and low doses compared with the model group.

Conclusion:
The QEP alleviated IDD by modulating the Wnt/MAPK/MMP signaling pathways
and reducing the release and activation of key factors.
A Comprehensive Review of the Phytochemicals, Nutritional Values, and Therapeutic Applications of Albizia lebbeck
Authors: Bajpai Aishwarya , Wal Pranay , Srivastava Ashish , Yadav Anil K. , Srivastava Ateet 
Published: December 2024

Abstract:
Plants have been a source of medicinal phytoconstituents since ancient times and the
knowledge has passed through generations of medicinal use. Medicinal plants contain not one but
an amalgamation of various Phyto-derived moieties that are therapeutically active. One such plant
that has come into light for its various employabilities is Albizia lebbeck, more commonly known
as Siris. It is mainly grown in the Indian subcontinent and nearby countries such as Myanmar, Sri
Lanka, and eastern Pakistan. Various studies investigating the dynamics of siris have reported
therapeutic actions such as anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, antioxidant, neuroprotective, anti-diarrheal
activity, and anti-diabetic activity. These activities can be attributed to various Phytochemicals
such as alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenes, and saponins. However, apart from these wellreported
actions, multiple other therapeutic uses are currently under investigation such as antihyperlipidaemic.
In this review, we presented its different types of therapeutic uses, its various
Phyto constituents, and its botanical classification.
Study of Brazilian Amazon Honeybees' (Melipona scutellaris and Apis mellifera) Properties in Healing Infected Skin Wounds in Wistar Rats
Authors: Silva Kárita Juliana Sousa , Abreu Ana Claudia Souza , de Souza Sorrel Godinho Barbosa , de Oliveira Jessica Thais Lemos Batista , de Sousa Cecila Leal , Vasconcelos Arthur Abinader , Azevedo Márcia Mourão Ramos , de Souza Juarez , da Silva Silvia Katrine Rabelo , Gul Kashif , Ferreira Alessandra Couto de Camargo , Taube Paulo Sérgio 
Published: December 2024

Introduction:
In recent decades, studies have begun to analyze the therapeutic properties
of honey, specifically in wound healing. The objective of this research was to investigate the
tissue repair process of cutaneous wounds infected with Staphylococcus aureus in Wistar rats
through the application of honey.

Methods:
The antibacterial analysis results were satisfactory, showing a reduction in bacteria in
the Petri dishes. In the macroscopic analysis, there was a reduction in the wound area in all
groups, but the groups treated with honey showed significantly better differences compared to the
control group.

Result:
In the evaluation of the mean intensity of the inflammatory infiltrate, there was a reduction
in the infiltrate in all groups, but no significant difference was observed. In the collagen evaluation,
the groups that received treatment with Apis mellifera and Melipona scutellaris honey
showed a greater deposition of collagen fiber bundles, with a significant difference compared to
the control group. After 14 days there was total regeneration of the epidermis in most animals,
with a greater amount of collagen fiber formation.

Conclusion:
Therefore, the work showed a novelty in terms of the screening of the use of a natural
product for wound healing purposes giving prospects for substitution of traditional medicines
by honeybee, being a sustainable alternative for human health.
A Narrative Overview of Retinoid X Receptor Inhibitors in Chronic Disease Management
Authors: R. Wei Calvin , Osama Muhammad , Tahir Saleha 
Published: December 2024

Abstract:
The Retinoid X Receptor (RXR) is a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily and
regulates gene transcription as well as diverse cellular processes like metabolism, inflammation,
and cell differentiation. As an attractive therapeutic target, RXR inhibitors have garnered attention
for their potential in alleviating chronic diseases. RXR inhibitors have the potential to modulate inflammation
and immune responses and manage diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory
diseases, metabolic disorders such as diabetes and dyslipidemia, cancer progression, solid tumors,
and hematologic malignancies. Understanding the molecular mechanisms behind their therapeutic
effects is crucial for optimizing their use in different disease contexts. While RXR inhibitors hold
promise, some challenges and questions necessitate further research. Future directions include
refining the understanding of specific pathways affected by RXR inhibition and addressing potential
side effects along with tailoring treatment approaches based on individual patient characteristics,
as this would improve outcomes. Exploring the potential synergies of RXR inhibitors with
other therapeutic agents could enhance their efficacy and broaden their applicability.
Faculty Perceptions on the Roles of Mentoring, Advising, and Coaching in an Anesthesiology Residency Program: Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Nykiel-Bailey Sydney , Burrows Kathryn , Szafarowicz Bianca E , Moquin Rachel 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Mentoring, advising, and coaching are essential components of resident education and professional development. Despite their importance, there is limited literature exploring how anesthesiology faculty perceive these practices and their role in supporting residents.

Objective
This study aims to investigate anesthesiology faculty perspectives on the significance, implantation strategies, and challenges associated with mentorship, advising, and coaching in resident education.

Methods
A comprehensive survey was administrated to 93 anesthesiology faculty members at Washington University School of Medicine. The survey incorporated quantitative Likert-scale questions and qualitative short-answer responses to assess faculty perceptions of the value, preferred formats, essential skills, and capacity for fulfilling multiple roles in these support practices. Additional areas of focus included the impact of staffing shortages, training requirements, and the potential of these practices to enhance faculty recruitment and retention.

Results
The response rate was 44% (n=41). Mentoring was identified as the most important aspect, with 88% (n=36) of faculty respondents indicating its significance, followed by coaching, which was highlighted by 78% (n=32) of respondents. The majority felt 1 faculty member can effectively hold multiple roles for a given trainee. The respondents desired additional training for roles and found roles to be rewarding. All roles were seen as facilitating recruitment and retention. Barriers included faculty burnout; confusion between roles; time constraints; and desire for specialized training, especially in coaching skills.

Conclusions
Implementing structured mentoring, advising, and coaching can profoundly impact resident education but requires role clarity, protected time, culture change, leadership buy-in, and faculty development. Targeted training and operational investments could enable programs to actualize immense benefits from high-quality resident support modalities. Respondents emphasized that resident needs evolve over time, necessitating flexibility in appropriate faculty guidance. While coaching demands unique skills, advising hinges on expertise and mentoring depends on relationship-building. Systematic frameworks of coaching, mentoring, and advising programs could unlock immense potential. However, realizing this vision demands surmounting barriers such as burnout, productivity pressures, confusion about logistics, and culture change. Ultimately, prioritizing resident support through high-quality personalized guidance can recenter graduate medical education.
Designing a Multimodal and Culturally Relevant Alzheimer Disease and Related Dementia Generative Artificial Intelligence Tool for Black American Informal Caregivers: Cognitive Walk-Through Usability Study
Authors: Bosco Cristina , Otenen Ege , Osorio Torres John , Nguyen Vivian , Chheda Darshil , Peng Xinran , Jessup Nenette M , Himes Anna K , Cureton Bianca , Lu Yvonne , Hill Carl V , Hendrie Hugh C , Barnes Priscilla A , Shih Patrick C 
Published: December 2024

Background
Many members of Black American communities, faced with the high prevalence of Alzheimer disease and related dementias (ADRD) within their demographic, find themselves taking on the role of informal caregivers. Despite being the primary individuals responsible for the care of individuals with ADRD, these caregivers often lack sufficient knowledge about ADRD-related health literacy and feel ill-prepared for their caregiving responsibilities. Generative AI has become a new promising technological innovation in the health care domain, particularly for improving health literacy; however, some generative AI developments might lead to increased bias and potential harm toward Black American communities. Therefore, rigorous development of generative AI tools to support the Black American community is needed.

Objective
The goal of this study is to test Lola, a multimodal mobile app, which, by relying on generative AI, facilitates access to ADRD-related health information by enabling speech and text as inputs and providing auditory, textual, and visual outputs.

Methods
To test our mobile app, we used the cognitive walk-through methodology, and we recruited 15 informal ADRD caregivers who were older than 50 years and part of the Black American community living within the region. We asked them to perform 3 tasks on the mobile app (ie, searching for an article on brain health, searching for local events, and finally, searching for opportunities to participate in scientific research in their area), then we recorded their opinions and impressions. The main aspects to be evaluated were the mobile app’s usability, accessibility, cultural relevance, and adoption.

Results
Our findings highlight the users’ need for a system that enables interaction with different modalities, the need for a system that can provide personalized and culturally and contextually relevant information, and the role of community and physical spaces in increasing the use of Lola.

Conclusions
Our study shows that, when designing for Black American older adults, a multimodal interaction with the generative AI system can allow individuals to choose their own interaction way and style based upon their interaction preferences and external constraints. This flexibility of interaction modes can guarantee an inclusive and engaging generative AI experience.
Development and Validation of a Novel Tool to Measure Medication Adherence for Noncommunicable Diseases in India: Protocol for an Exploratory Sequential Mixed Methods Multicentric Study
Authors: Thomas Joe , Jose Maria , Rajmohan Priyanka , Fathima Farah Naaz , Moosan Hisham , Jose Nisha K , Anish Thekkumkara Surendran , Bairwa Mohan , Goswami Mahanta Tulika , Apte Aditi , Cherian Jerin Jose , Kuttichira Praveenlal , Varma P Ravi Prasad 
Published: December 2024

Background
In high-income countries, only 50% of patients treated for chronic diseases adhere to the prescribed treatment. This issue is even more pronounced in resource-limited countries. Medication adherence scales are simple, low-cost approaches to identify nonadherence in clinical practice. In India, nonadherence to medication varies from 18.7% to 74%, assessed using scales validated in the Western population, as there is no validated medication adherence tool contextualized to the Indian setting. The phrasing of questions in scales validated elsewhere and its interpretations may vary when applied in Indian patients unless accounting for the unique cultural, social, and economic factors influencing medication adherence in India. This could result in inaccurate reports of adherence behavior.

Objective
This study aims to develop and validate a novel medication adherence tool for select noncommunicable diseases (diabetes mellitus, hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bronchial asthma, and coronary artery disease) in the Indian population.

Methods
An exploratory sequential mixed methods design will be used, beginning with a qualitative phase where the construct of the scale is defined and preliminary items are generated through a scoping review, focus group discussions, and in-depth interviews. This will be followed by the tool’s development phase, including an expert panel review and item revision. Finally, a quantitative phase in 4 zones in India (North, South, East, and West) will be conducted to confirm and validate the newly developed scale.

Results
In the first phase, we will frame the construct definition and develop an inventory of potential items for the proposed medication adherence tool. In the second phase, item-level and scale-level content validity indices, along with content validity ratio, will be estimated. In the third phase, we will conduct an item reduction analysis and determine the scoring matrix and item weightage after expert review. We will assess the tool's psychometric properties, plot the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve to set an adherence cut-off score, and compute the construct validity and test-retest reliability from the quantitative survey.

Conclusions
A medication adherence tool for noncommunicable diseases, developed after ensuring it is ethnically, culturally, and linguistically appropriate incorporating stakeholder perspectives and validated in community settings, would offer a real-world perspective of adherence. The tool will have 2 versions for clinical practice and research, aiding policy makers in adopting tailored adherence policies.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
PRR1-10.2196/60805