bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of electro‐stimulated Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus casei on ensiling quality, anti‐nutrients, and bacterial community of mulberry leaf silage
Authors: Yang Tongyi , Zou Xinjue , Zhai Deli , Wang Xiujie , Guo Zechong , Hou Qirui , Zhao Weiguo , Zhao Mengdi 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDThere are few studies on the effects of electrically stimulated bacteria on anti‐nutritional factors and microbial communities in mulberry leaf silage. This study aimed to examine the impact of the combined use of electrically stimulated Bacillus subtilis (EB) and Lactobacillus casei (LC) on the quality and degradation of anti‐nutritional factors in mulberry leaf silage.RESULTSThe results revealed that the synergistic effect of EB and LC significantly enhanced the nutritional value of mulberry leaves, as evidenced by the promotion of lactic acid synthesis, the reduction of anti‐nutritional factors, and the augmentation of lactic acid bacteria following a 60‐day silage period. Moreover, the EB + LC co‐inoculation resulted in the highest quality of mulberry leaf silage, with the degradation rates of tannin and phytic acid at 38.8% and 47.1%, respectively. The combination of EB + LC also enhanced lactic acid content, along with significant reductions in ammonia nitrogen (NH3‐N), soluble protein, and non‐protein nitrogen (NPN) (P < 0.05). Spearman correlation analysis showed that Lactobacillus in the silage was significantly positively correlated with crude protein (CP) and lactic acid, while negatively correlated with water‐soluble carbohydrates, pH and NPN (P < 0.05). In contrast, Weissella was significantly negatively correlated with CP and lactic acid.CONCLUSIONThis study represents a pioneering application of electro‐stimulation in the field of feed silage, offering a scientifically substantiated approach to degrading anti‐nutritional factors in mulberry leaves for livestock feeding. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Complications After Cytoreductive Surgery and Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy ‐ Can We Do Better?
Authors: Alberto V. Miguel E. , Zuluaga Daniela , Winter Axel , Pratschke Johann , Rau Beate , Gül Safak 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe main aim of this review is to analyze postoperative complications after cytoreductive surgery and intraperitoneal chemotherapy. Although the literature in this field is ever growing, reporting on complication is not a given. Nevertheless, some main risk factors such as prior surgery, high tumor burden and the center's expertize have an impact on patient outcomes. Transparency is key, if we want to continue to improve.
Primaquine Analysis in Pharmaceutical Formulation Using Multiple and Short‐End Injections by Capillary Zone Electrophoresis‐Ultraviolet Detection
Authors: de Souza Jéssica Cordeiro Queiroz , Chellini Paula Rocha , de Souza Marcus Vinícius Nora , de Oliveira Marcone Augusto Leal 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTNovel methods were proposed for determining primaquine (PQN) in tablets by multiple‐injection capillary zone electrophoresis (MI‐CZE) and by short‐end injection CZE (SEI‐CZE), both with ultraviolet detection. The background electrolyte (BGE), consisting of 20 mmol/L of tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane and 30 mmol/L of hydrochloric acid at pH 2.0, was selected considering a comprehensive study involving the effective mobility versus pH curves of the analytes and BGE components. Experimental designs were applied in methods developments, showing the chemometric tool's applicability in achieving suitable electrophoretic conditions. A baseline resolution in the separation of adjacent peak pairs was obtained by injecting a spacer electrolyte for 18 s, with a voltage of + 15 kV, and the sample can be injected six consecutive times in a single run in less than 3 min, in the MI‐CZE method. For the SEI‐CZE method, the migration time of PQN was 0.6 min, and the method was applied to a demonstrative forced degradation study. Some validation parameters were evaluated for both methods, and all results were satisfactory, indicating that they can be implemented as PQN determination methods in routine quality control analyses.
Active Gully Head Erosion Rates Characteristics on the Loess Plateau: InSAR‐Based Calculation and Response to Extreme Rainfall
Authors: Yuan Shaoqing , Fan Wen , Jiang Chengcheng , Chang Yupeng , Zheng Wenbo 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTQuantitative analysis and prediction of gully head erosion hold paramount importance for terrain evolution studies and risk mitigation effort. However, previous findings could not reconcile high temporal resolution with long time series coverage, particularly at the watershed scale. In this study, a calculation method for the active gully head erosion rate (AGHER) was proposed on the basis of interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) technology, thereby combining the historical climate data to estimate the annual AGHER. Additionally, we investigated the relative importance of extreme rainfall events on erosion rates. The results indicated that the long‐term annual AGHER in the study area ranged from 51.83 to 89.50 mm year−1 from 1980 to 2023 on the Dongzhi Plateau (DZP). Extreme rainfall events (rainfall amount ≥ 150 mm) emerged as the foremost erosion‐causing factor, accounting for a contribution rate ranging from 69.8% to 75.0%. Furthermore, through field surveys, we identified 21 gully heads that represent potential hazards to high‐speed railways (HSRs). Although the proportion of gullies affecting rail infrastructure may be relatively modest in century‐long projections, it notably increases against the background of worldwide escalation due to the occurrence of extreme precipitation events. This study establishes a robust foundation for gully erosion management and risk assessment on the Loess Plateau.
Machine Learning Models Based on UAV Oblique Images Improved Above‐Ground Biomass Estimation Accuracy Across Diverse Grasslands on the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Sun Feida , Chen Dewei , Li Linhao , Zhang Qiaoqiao , Yuan Xin , Liao Zihong , Xiang Chunlian , Liu Lin , Zhou Jiqiong , Shrestha Mani , Xu Dong , Bai Yanfu , Degen A. Allan 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTUnmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are becoming important tools for modern management and scientific research of grassland resources, especially in the dynamic monitoring of above‐ground biomass (AGB). However, current studies rely mostly on vertical images to construct models, with little consideration given to oblique images. Determination of image acquisition height often relies on experience and intuition, but there is limited comparison of models in estimating across different grassland types. To address this gap, this study selected 56 plots on the northern Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau (QTP), comprising 16 alpine meadows (AM), 14 alpine steppes (AS), 13 alpine meadow steppes (AMS), and 13 alpine desert steppes (ADS). We used the DJI Mavic 2 Pro to capture a total of 5040 images at six heights (5, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 m) and five angles (30°, 45°, 60°, 90°, and 180° panoramic shots). Based on RGB (red‐green‐blue) images, seven vegetation indices (normalized difference index (NDI), excess red vegetation index (EXR), modified green red vegetation index (MGRVI), visible atmospherically resistant index (VARI), excess green minus excess (EXG), green leaf index (GLI), and red–green–blue vegetation index (RGBVI)) were employed, displaying a trend in vegetation and biomass changes across different heights and angles, peaking at 20 m and 45°. Linear regression models and machine learning models (random forest, extreme gradient boosting, multilayer perceptron neural network, and stochastic gradient descent) were generated, with NDI, VARI, and MGRVI providing the best estimations. Comparative results on estimations of different grassland types indicated that oblique images helped reduce the models' root mean square error (RMSE), particularly in the machine learning models. All models were best in AMS and ADS, with average R
2 of 0.810 and 0.825, with machine learning models (average R
2 = 0.746) stronger than linear regression models (average R
2 = 0.597), indicating specific requirements for model selection across different grasslands. The findings in this study can provide a reference for the adaptive management of different grassland ecosystems on the QTP and worldwide.
DSN1 Interaction With Centromere‐Associated Proteins Promotes Chromosomal Instability in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Zhou Hongrui , Zhang Mengxue , Lian Jiabing , Wang Ruichang , Yang Zhe , Wang Jin , Bi Xiuli 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most prevalent type of liver cancer. Dosage suppressor of NNF1 (DSN1), a component of the MIS12 kinetochore complex, encodes a kinetochore protein crucial for proper mitotic assembly. The role of DSN1 in HCC remains to be elucidated. In this study, we utilized The Cancer Genome Atlas, the Hepatocellular carcinoma Cell Database, and other databases to analyze DSN1 expression and prognosis in samples from patients with HCC. We investigated the signaling pathways regulated by DSN1 and their implications in HCC. Additionally, we engineered siRNA/shRNA and overexpression vectors for DSN1 and assessed the specific mechanisms of regulatory pathways of DSN1 in hepatoma cell lines and subcutaneous tumor xenograft model. Our findings revealed that DSN1 expression was significantly upregulated in patients with HCC, correlating with decreased survival rates. Elevated DSN1 expression led to the overproduction of cell cycle‐related proteins through direct interaction with Centromere Protein T. This interaction contributes to chromosomal instability in patients with HCC, resulting in an aberrant cell cycle and fostering the development and progression of HCC. Increased DSN1 expression is pivotal in HCC initiation and progression. Investigating DSN1 offers valuable insights into the pathogenesis, treatment, and prevention of HCC.
Combined Mendelian randomization and quantitative proteomics analysis to study the influence of thyroid dysfunction on acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Li Hong‐Xia , Han Ying‐Ying , Yu Hong‐Xiang , Wang Lu‐Feng , Cui Can , Jin Ling‐Ting , Ge Meng‐Ru , Gao Xue , Li Gang , Hu Yong‐Bo , Zhang Bei 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAcute ischemic stroke (AIS) is characterized by high morbidity and mortality, making it crucial to identify the risk factors that influence its occurrence and prognosis. Although individuals with thyroid dysfunction exhibit altered stroke patterns, evidence from observational studies remains inconsistent. Herein, we investigated the influence of thyroid dysfunction on stroke progression and prognosis. We combined Mendelian randomization (MR) and tandem mass tag (TMT)‐based quantitative proteomics analysis to study the influence of thyroid dysfunction on AIS. Differentially expression proteins (DEPs) were subsequently identified, functional enrichment analysis was performed, and a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed. Protein alterations were further validated by western blot. MR analysis revealed a causal association between thyroid disorders and ischemic stroke. DEP analysis identified 38 downregulated proteins and five upregulated proteins. Functional enrichment analysis and PPI network construction highlighted the importance of immune response activation and acute phase pathways, along with the suppression of focal adhesion, regulation of the actin cytoskeleton, and platelet activation pathways. Vasodilator‐stimulated phosphoprotein, MYL12B, MYL6, and TPM4 were identified as key DEPs significantly associated with pathological pathways and were verified by western blot. The identification of these key proteins and pathways provides new perspectives for investigating the progression and prognosis of AIS.
Development of a Tagmentation‐Based Next‐Generation Sequencing Clinical Assay as an Alternative to Capillary Electrophoresis‐Based Sequencing
Authors: Kuek Wei Cheng David , Chai Chean Nee , Tham Wei Ming Jason , Ng Alvin Yu Jin , Lau Dilys Shi Ning , Loo Janice Yen Qi , Van Dan Thu , Tan Joanna Kia Min , Lee Chun Kiat , Yan Benedict , Chan Tim Hon Man 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundNext‐generation sequencing (NGS) technology enables sample multiplexing for interrogation of multiple regions of interest (ROI). Leveraging this, together with access to affordable NGS platforms, we explored the practicality of moving capillary electrophoresis (CE), noncapillary electrophoresis and single‐gene testing to NGS. In this work, we evaluated the iSeq 100's capacity to validate 89 samples at once.MethodsGenomic DNA was extracted from 89 archival samples of varying specimen types. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was done with in house primers, library preparation with the Nextera XT Library Preparation Kit and cleaning up with paramagnetic beads. The sequencing was performed on one Illumina iSeq 100 flow cell.ResultsWith our workflow, 88 out of 89 samples were accurately sequenced with variant alleles identified. One sample of the 88 samples was initially discordant because the primers used were in a heterozygous deletion region. Upon redesigning of primers, the sample proved concordant.ConclusionsThe iSeq‐Nextera workflow proved accurate. However, variant allele frequencys generated by the Nextera are not precise.
Structural Elucidation and NMR Spectral Assignments of New Diphenyl Ether Derivatives From Liuweizhiji Gegen‐Sangshen Oral Liquid
Authors: Cui Jinghao , Zhou Xin , Teng Baorui , Zhang Dan , Fu Xiujuan , Chen Siwei , Liu Sijing , Li Zhi , Lei Hui 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTChemical investigation of the Liuweizhiji Gegen‐Sangshen oral liquid afforded one new diphenyl ether derivative (1), together with one known compound (2). Their structures were established by 1D and 2D NMR, and HR‐ESI‐MS spectroscopic analysis and the absolute configuration of 1 was confirmed by ECD calculation. Compounds 1 and 2 were evaluated for the cytotoxic activities, and compounds 1 and 2 showed weak cytotoxic activities towards HepG2 human liver cancer cells, with IC50 values of 97.3 and 79.6 μM, respectively.
Adaptive Mesh Generation and Numerical Verification for Complex Rock Structures Based on Optimization and Iteration Algorithms
Authors: Xiao Huaiguang , Li Yueyang , Wu Hengyang , He Lei 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe modelling of rock structure is of great significance in characterizing rock characteristics and studying the failure laws of rock samples. In order to construct a high‐fidelity model of the rock structure efficiently, this paper proposes an adaptive mesh dissection algorithm based on the Voronoi structure. Image processing techniques, including greyscale, threshold segmentation and edge detection, are applied to simplify the original rock image into a feature edge image. Then, a probability density diagram of the feature image is generated, which provides a probabilistic basis for the subsequent spreading of mesh seed points. Moreover, the concept of polygonal representation rate and the mesh quality evaluation system of four‐dimensional metrics are established to suggest values for the seed point parameters of the initial mesh. The initial mesh is continuously optimized and iterated by barycentric iteration and gradient descent optimization methods to form mesh structural models with high representational performance efficiently. The model tests on particle, fracture and multi‐phase rock images show that the optimized mesh model is highly similar to the original image in terms of similarity and edge fit, and the algorithm significantly reduces the short‐edge rate and improves the shape regularity of the mesh structure. Finally, numerical tests of uniaxial compression are carried out based on the optimized mesh model. The results show that the model has computational potential in numerical calculations. This method builds a procedural structure from digital images to numerical models, which can provide a reliable model basis for simulating the physico‐mechanical behaviour of heterogeneous rocks.
High Relative Accuracy With Collocation Matrices of q$$ q $$‐Jacobi Polynomials
Authors: Delgado Jorge , Orera Héctor , Peña Juan Manuel 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTLittle ‐Jacobi polynomials belong to the field of quantum calculus. This article obtains the bidiagonal decomposition of the collocation matrices of these polynomials, showing that, in many cases, it can be constructed to high relative accuracy (HRA). Then, it can be used to compute with HRA the inverses, eigenvalues, and singular values of these matrices. Numerical experiments are provided and illustrate the excellent results obtained when applying the presented methods.
A Comparative Study of the Perspectives of Long‐Stay Immigrants, Nurses and Cultural Mediators on Intercultural Communication: A Secondary Qualitative Analysis
Authors: Ramos‐Roure Francesc , Feijoo‐Cid Maria , Manresa‐Dominguez Josep Maria , Segura‐Bernal Jordi , García‐Sierra Rosa , Fernández‐Cano Maria Isabel , Arreciado Marañón Antonia , Moreno‐Gabriel Eduard , Flamarich Gol Clara , Toran‐Monserrat Pere 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAimTo compare the perspective of nurses, long‐stay immigrants and cultural mediators on intercultural communication in care encounters.DesignQualitative secondary analysis of data obtained in two primary studies.MethodsTwo sets of data from two primary studies on nurses and long‐stay immigrants (including in total two focus groups and 15 in‐depth interviews) were merged. The sample was extended to include a focus group of cultural mediators. An amplified analysis was conducted using Charmaz's approach to grounded theory.ResultsThe results are structured under the core category “Agreements and discrepancies in intercultural communication,” split into two subcategories: (1) Communication and the role of culture; (2) (Non) equitable and culturally (in)sensitive care. Immigrant patients and mediators detect barriers associated with generic aspects of communication, while nurses and mediators value culture. Nurses recognise paternalistic attitudes, while long‐stay immigrants sometimes detect biased treatment that mediators do not see. Immigrant patients and mediators value informal conversation as a strategy for cultural learning and building mutual trust, while nurses request regulated training.ConclusionThe findings show that there are always discrepancies in this relationship. Changes to health care should be based on the participation of all actors. Communication skills training programs should be implemented.Implications for the Profession and/or Patient CareThe convergences and divergences of nurses, immigrants and mediators expose new ways to approach care. Communication skills training programs should be implemented. Changes to health care should be based on the participation of all actors, including immigrant patients and mediators, and allow them to voice their opinions and make decisions.ImpactThis study addresses intercultural communication from three different perspectives: nurses, long‐stay immigrants and cultural mediators. Nurses, long‐stay immigrants and cultural mediators sometimes show convergence but never completely agree. The research may have an impact on primary‐care nursing by making it more culturally competent.Patient or Public ContributionEach participating long‐stay immigrant, nurse and cultural mediator reviewed their own interview. The findings were reviewed by a verifier member of each group (a nurse, patient and mediator).
Weight maintenance on cost‐effective antiobesity medications after 1 year of GLP‐1 receptor agonist therapy: a real‐world study
Authors: Paddu Nina U. , Lawrence Brianna , Wong Sydnee , Poon Sabrina J. , Srivastava Gitanjali 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe high cost of novel glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist (GLP‐1 RA) class agents often limits access and creates barriers to care. This real‐world study evaluated the efficacy of older‐generation generic antiobesity medications (AOMs) for weight maintenance after 1 year of GLP‐1 RA therapy in patients who had achieved successful weight loss.MethodsWe prospectively followed patients (N = 105) who had completed 12 months of therapy and were part of a “medical weight loss bundle,” which included 12 months of GLP‐1 RA therapy followed by 6 months of transition care. The baseline mean BMI was 36.4 kg/m2. Body weight outcomes were measured at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months.ResultsAfter the medical weight loss bundle, 40 patients transitioned to generic AOMs. At 12 months, this cohort lost an average of 18.3%, 95% CI [13.0%, 23.6%] body weight from baseline, with a mean BMI of 27.9 kg/m2. At 18 months, they maintained the weight loss, with a mean BMI of 27.9 kg/m2. Subsequent follow‐up visits (average 1.5 months later) without GLP‐1 RAs showed further reduction, resulting in a total average weight loss of 25.5%, 95% CI [23.1%, 27.9%] compared to the initial visit.ConclusionsPatients successfully treated with GLP‐1 RAs can maintain their weight loss using generic older‐generation AOMs, suggesting potential cost savings for insurers and implications for policy regarding AOM coverage.
Epidemiology of Barbell Weightlifting‐Related Head and Neck Injuries in the United States: A 10‐Year Analysis of National Injury Data
Authors: Sharma Shiven , Reardon Luke , Man Li‐Xing , Teng Marita S. , Carr Michele M. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectiveOur primary objective was to identify and describe trends in head and neck injuries incurred while participating in barbell weightlifting.Study DesignCross‐sectional analysis.SettingNational database.MethodsWe used data from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) from 2014 to 2023. Population characteristics of barbell‐related injuries (NEISS Code 3265), including age and sex distributions, were recorded. We further analyzed the distribution of injury anatomic locations, injury types, fracture locations, and patient dispositions. To identify statistical significance, nonparametric tests were performed.ResultsBetween 2014 and 2023, 3105 cases of barbell‐related head and neck injuries were identified, predominantly in males (n = 2227, 71.7%) with a mean age of 27.7 years (SD: 11.9 years). The majority of patients (n = 2193, 74.5%) were treated and released, while 71 patients (2.3%) required hospital admission. The most affected body part was the head (n = 1,368, 44.1%), followed by the neck (n = 993, 32%), the face (n = 614, 19.8%), the mouth (n = 108, 3.5%), and the ear (n = 22, 0.7%). The most common location of injury was a recreational or sports facility (n = 1143; 36.8%), with other significant locations being the home (n = 542; 17.5%), and unspecified locations (n = 1065; 34.3%). Lacerations were the most common injury type (n = 682; 32.4%). Moreover, lacerations were more significantly associated with barbell weightlifting at home (P < .001) than in a recreational or sports facility.ConclusionThis study demonstrates that a substantial number of barbell‐related injuries occur above the shoulder. This knowledge can inform the development of safety measures, including potential reforms in rules, regulations, and protective equipment.