bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Point de vue de l'artiste et assistant d'artiste : problématiques et expériences
Authors: Torres Santiago 
Published: February 2019

Ce texte reprend la transcription de l’intervention de Santiago Torres lors de la première journée d’étude, le 3 novembre 2016 à la Villa des Arts (Paris). Il est accompagné de la vidéo de la présentation qui illustre notamment les exemples cités. Santiago Torres y présente ses réflexions issues de son expérience en tant qu’assistant d’artiste auprès de Julio Le Parc et de Nicolas Schöffer. Il détaille sa vision de la notion de langage en tant qu’élément clé pour la compréhension et la restauration de ces œuvres cinétiques et cybernétiques ; et il s’interroge sur le devenir de ses propres œuvres numériques.
Insulin Resistance in Macrophages Alters Their Metabolism and Promotes an M2-Like Phenotype
Authors: Ieronymaki Eleftheria , Theodorakis Emmanouel M. , Lyroni Konstantina , Vergadi Eleni , Lagoudaki Eleni , Al-Qahtani Ahmed , Aznaourova Marina , Neofotistou-Themeli Elpida , Eliopoulos Aristides G. , Vaporidi Katerina , Tsatsanis Christos 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Obesity and insulin resistance influences metabolic processes, but whether it affects macrophage metabolism is not known. In this study, we demonstrate that chronic exposure of macrophages to insulin either in culture or in vivo in diet-induced, glucose-intolerant mice rendered them resistant to insulin signals marked by failure to induce Akt2 phosphorylation. Similarly, macrophages lacking Akt2 or IGF1 receptor were also resistant to insulin signals. Insulin-resistant macrophages had increased basal mTORC1 activity, possessed an M2-like phenotype, and reduced LPS responses. Moreover, they exhibited increased glycolysis and increased expression of key glycolytic enzymes. Inhibition of mTORC1 reversed the M2-like phenotype and suppressed glycolysis in insulin-resistant macrophages. In the context of polymicrobial sepsis, mice harboring insulin-resistant macrophages exhibited reduced sepsis-induced lung injury. Thus, macrophages obtain resistance to insulin characterized by increased glycolysis and a unique M2-like phenotype, termed M-insulin resistant, which accounts for obesity-related changes in macrophage responses and a state of trained immunity.
Immunological Synapse Formation Induces Mitochondrial Clustering and Mitophagy in Dendritic Cells
Authors: Gómez-Cabañas Laura , López-Cotarelo Pilar , Criado-García Olga , Murphy Michael P. , Boya Patricia , Rodríguez-Fernández José Luis 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
The immunological synapse (IS) is a superstructure formed during T cell activation at the zone of contact between T cells and dendritic cells (DCs). The IS includes specific molecular components in the T cell and DCs sides that may result in different functionality. Most of the studies on the IS have focused on the T cell side of this structure and, in contrast, the information available on the IS of DCs is sparse. Autophagy is a cellular process involved in the clearance of damaged proteins and organelles via lysosomal degradation. Mitophagy is the selective autophagy of damaged mitochondria. In this study, it is shown that IS formation induces clustering of mitochondria in the IS of DCs and partial depolarization of these organelles. At the IS of the DCs also accumulate autophagy and mitophagy markers, even when the kinase complex mTORC1, an inhibitor of the autophagy, is active. Together the results presented indicate that IS formation induces local clustering of mitochondria and mitophagy, which could be a homeostatic mechanism to control the quality of mitochondria in this region. The data underline the complexity of the regulatory mechanisms operating in the IS of DCs.
Multi-trace-element sea surface temperature coral reconstruction for the southern Mozambique Channel reveals teleconnections with the tropical Atlantic
Authors: Zinke Jens , D'Olivo Juan P. , Gey Christoph J. , McCulloch Malcolm T. , Bruggemann J. Henrich , Lough Janice M. , Guillaume Mireille M. M. 
Published: February 2019

Abstract. Here we report seasonally resolved sea surface temperatures for
the southern Mozambique Channel in the SW Indian Ocean based on multi-trace-element
temperature proxy records preserved in two Porites sp. coral
cores. Particularly, we assess the suitability of both separate and combined
Sr∕Ca and Li∕Mg proxies for improved multielement SST
reconstructions. Overall, geochemical records from Europa Island
Porites sp. highlight the potential of Sr∕Ca and Li∕Mg
ratios as high-resolution climate proxies but also show significant
differences in their response at this Indian Ocean subtropical reef site. Our
reconstruction from 1970 to 2013 using the Sr∕Ca SST proxy reveals a
warming trend of 0.58±0.1 ∘C in close agreement with
instrumental data (0.47±0.07 ∘C) over the last 42 years
(1970–2013). In contrast, the Li∕Mg showed unrealistically large
warming trends, most probably caused by uncertainties around different uptake
mechanisms of the trace elements Li and Mg and uncertainties in their temperature
calibration. In our study, Sr∕Ca is superior to Li∕Mg to
quantify absolute SST and relative changes in SST. However, spatial
correlations between the combined detrended Sr∕Ca and Li∕Mg
proxies compared to instrumental SST at Europa revealed robust correlations
with local climate variability in the Mozambique Channel and teleconnections
to regions in the Indian Ocean and southeastern Pacific where surface wind
variability appeared to dominate the underlying pattern of SST variability.
The strongest correlation was found between our Europa SST reconstruction and
instrumental SST records from the northern tropical Atlantic. Only a weak
correlation was found with ENSO, with recent warm anomalies in the
geochemical proxies coinciding with strong El Niño or La Niña. We
identified the Pacific–North American (PNA) atmospheric pattern, which
develops in the Pacific in response to ENSO, and the tropical North Atlantic
SST as the most likely causes of the observed teleconnections with the
Mozambique Channel SST at Europa.
Shallow geophysical techniques to investigate the groundwater table at the Great Pyramids of Giza, Egypt
Authors: Sharafeldin Sharafeldin M. , Essa Khalid S. , Youssef Mohamed A. S. , Karsli Hakan , Diab Zein E. , Sayil Nilgun 
Published: February 2019

Abstract. The near-surface groundwater aquifer that threatened the Great
Pyramids of Giza, Egypt, was investigated using integrated geophysical
surveys. A total of 10 electrical resistivity imaging, 26 shallow seismic
refraction, and 19 ground-penetrating radar surveys were conducted in the Giza
Plateau. Collected data for each method were evaluated by state-of-the art
processing and modeling techniques. A three-layer model depicts the
subsurface layers and better delineates the groundwater aquifer and water
table elevation. The resistivity of the aquifer layer and seismic velocity vary
between 40 and 80 Ωm and between 1500 and 2500 m s−1, respectively. The average water table elevation is about
+15 m, which is safe for the Great Sphinx, but it is still subjected to potential
hazards from the Nazlet El-Samman suburb where the water table elevation
reaches 17 m. A shallower water table at the Valley Temple and the tomb of Queen
Khentkawes,
with a low topographic relief, represents severe hazards. It can be concluded that
a perched groundwater table is detected in the elevated topography to the west and
southwest that might be due to runoff and capillary seepage.
Moisture transport in observations and reanalyses as a proxy for snow accumulation in East Antarctica
Authors: Dufour Ambroise , Charrondière Claudine , Zolina Olga 
Published: February 2019

Abstract. Atmospheric
moisture convergence on ice sheets provides an estimate of snow accumulation,
which is critical to quantifying sea-level changes. In the case of East
Antarctica, we computed moisture transport from 1980 to 2016 in five
reanalyses and in radiosonde observations. Moisture convergence in reanalyses
is more consistent than net precipitation but still ranges from 72 to
96 mm yr−1 in the four most recent reanalyses, ERA-Interim, NCEP CFSR,
JRA 55 and MERRA 2. The representation of long-term variability in reanalyses
is also inconsistent, which justified resorting to observations. Moisture fluxes are measured on a daily basis via radiosondes launched from a
network of stations surrounding East Antarctica. Observations agree with
reanalyses on the major role of extreme advection events and transient eddy
fluxes. Although assimilated, the observations reveal processes that reanalyses
cannot model, some due to a lack of horizontal and vertical resolution,
especially the oldest, NCEP DOE R2. Additionally, the observational time
series are not affected by new satellite data unlike the reanalyses. We formed
pan-continental estimates of convergence by aggregating anomalies from all
available stations. We found statistically significant trends neither in
moisture convergence nor in precipitable water.
Desconstrução do cristianismo: imperativo ontológico à experiência de Deus na pós-modernidade
Authors: Caldeira Cleusa 
Published: February 2019

Com este texto perscruta-se a maneira como a razão secular contribuiu para pensar a experiência de Deus no contexto pós-cristão e pós-metafísico. Neste novo contexto, explicitam-se as principais contribuições do “niilismo místico” à possível experiência religiosa no marco de novas condições culturais. Fundamental será a assunção da desconstrução enquanto método do pensamento crítico. Segue-se o teólogo mexicano Carlos Mendoza Álvarez que, partindo da crítica pós-cristã aos sistemas de crença e de moral, propõe a superação dos obstáculos que impedem o acesso ao manancial divino e, consequentemente, a volta à coisa mesma da fé cristã. Nesse horizonte, emerge a desconstrução do cristianismo como um imperativo ontológico para superar a metafísica clássica e, consequentemente, ascender à metafísica do Ser Superessencial. Inserido, pois, em sua própria desconstrução, do cristianismo declosionado surge a fé niilista como uma potência da subjetividade, como o estágio que representa a passagem de mundo da crença para o mundo iconoclasta e apofático, isto é, o mundo da fé sem a idolatria do sujeito.
Vplyv veku na úroveň vybraných koordinačných schopností stolných tenistov
Authors: Horníková Henrieta , Doležajová Ladislava 
Published: February 2019

It is known, reaction time increases with age. Agility time, enriched by a motor component is investigated less. Therefore the aim of this study was to determined age-related differences in disjunctive reaction-speed abilities, where the result is an agility time. Data were obtained by agility test adapted to the specific needs of table tennis using FiTRO Agility check device. Subjects of testing were table tennis players from 20 to 70 years devided into four age categories. We assumed a statistically significant differences between agility time in these categories. We assumed a significant relationship between agility time and age. One-way ANOVA indicated a significant differences in agility time between categories (F(2,46) = 10,2; p < 0,001). Pearson correlation coefficient indicated significant relationship between agility time and age (r = 0,53; p < 0,01. We found a significant difference between motor reaction to the forehand and backhand side. It was shorter to the forehand in each age category. Our study showed the age-related changes in disjunctive reaction-speed abilities.
A first order phase transition mechanism underlies protein aggregation in mammalian cells
Authors: Narayanan Arjun , Meriin Anatoli , Andrews J Owen , Spille Jan-Hendrik , Sherman Michael Y , Cisse Ibrahim I 
Published: February 2019

The formation of misfolded protein aggregates is a hallmark of neurodegenerative diseases. The aggregate formation process exhibits an initial lag phase when precursor clusters spontaneously assemble. However, most experimental assays are blind to this lag phase. We develop a quantitative assay based on super-resolution imaging in fixed cells and light sheet imaging of living cells to study the early steps of aggregation in mammalian cells. We find that even under normal growth conditions mammalian cells have precursor clusters. The cluster size distribution is precisely that expected for a so-called super-saturated system in first order phase transition. This means there exists a nucleation barrier, and a critical size above which clusters grow and mature. Homeostasis is maintained through a Szilard model entailing the preferential clearance of super-critical clusters. We uncover a role for a putative chaperone (RuvBL) in this disassembly of large clusters. The results indicate early aggregates behave like condensates.Editorial note: This article has been through an editorial process in which the authors decide how to respond to the issues raised during peer review. The Reviewing Editor's assessment is that all the issues have been addressed (<xref ref-type="decision-letter" rid="SA1">see decision letter</xref>).
A theory on individual characteristics of successful coding challenge solvers
Authors: Wyrich Marvin , Graziotin Daniel , Wagner Stefan 
Published: February 2019

Background
Assessing a software engineer’s ability to solve algorithmic programming tasks has been an essential part of technical interviews at some of the most successful technology companies for several years now. We do not know to what extent individual characteristics, such as personality or programming experience, predict the performance in such tasks. Decision makers’ unawareness of possible predictor variables has the potential to bias hiring decisions which can result in expensive false negatives as well as in the unintended exclusion of software engineers with actually desirable characteristics.

Methods
We conducted an exploratory quantitative study with 32 software engineering students to develop an empirical theory on which individual characteristics predict the performance in solving coding challenges. We developed our theory based on an established taxonomy framework by Gregor (2006).

Results
Our findings show that the better coding challenge solvers also have better exam grades and more programming experience. Furthermore, conscientious as well as sad software engineers performed worse in our study. We make the theory available in this paper for empirical testing.

Discussion
The theory raises awareness to the influence of individual characteristics on the outcome of technical interviews. Should the theory find empirical support in future studies, hiring costs could be reduced by selecting appropriate criteria for preselecting candidates for on-site interviews and potential bias in hiring decisions could be reduced by taking suitable measures.
A Terminally Tetrafluorinated Nonfullerene Acceptor for Well‐Performing Alloy Ternary Solar Cells
Authors: Lv Ruizhi , Chen Dong , Liao Xunfan , Chen Lie , Chen Yiwang 
Published: January 2019

AbstractFabricating ternary solar cells is a pivotal strategy to improve the power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of organic photovoltaic devices. However, it is still a challenge to simultaneously improve the performance parameters of ternary devices. Therefore, the third ingredient in ternary blends should be precisely designed or selected. Herein, a new medium‐bandgap small‐molecule acceptor, namely, 3,9‐bis(2‐methylene‐(3‐(1‐(3,5‐dimethylphenyl)‐1cyanomethylene)indanone))‐5,5,11,11‐tetrakis‐(4‐hexylphenyl)dithieno[2,3‐d:2′,3′‐d′]‐sindaceno[1,2‐b:5,6‐b′]dithiophene (ITIF), is synthesized by end‐capping with a new fluorinated, asymmetric terminal group, (Z)‐2‐(3,5‐difluorophenyl)‐2‐(3‐oxo‐2,3‐dihydro‐1H‐inden‐1‐ylidene) acetonitrile. Replacing the CN substituent with the asymmetric 3,5‐difluorophenyl substituent obviously up‐shifts the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) level of ITIF to −3.78 eV, enlarges the bandgap to 1.82 eV, and improves the absorption coefficient to ≈50% higher than that of 3,9‐bis(2‐methylene‐(3‐(1,1‐dicyanomethylene)indanone))‐5,5,11,11‐tetrakis‐(4‐hexylphenyl)dithieno[2,3‐d:2′,3′‐d′]‐sindaceno[1,2‐b:5,6‐b′]dithiophene (ITIC). Due to the similar structures, ITIF and ITIC can combine as an alloyed acceptor, which makes it convenient to tune the morphology and optical and electrochemical properties of ternary blends. The enhanced absorption coefficient of ITIF and the rapid fluorescence resonance energy transfer from ITIF to ITIC remarkably improve the absorption of the ternary blend film, hence compensating for the external quantum efficiency (EQE) curves. When ITIF is introduced into ternary solar cells based on poly[(2,6‐(4,8‐bis(5‐(2‐ethylhexyl)thiophen‐2‐yl)‐benzo[1,2‐b:4,5‐b′]dithiophene))‐alt‐(5,5‐(1′,3′‐di‐2‐thienyl‐5′,7′‐bis(2‐ethylhexyl)benzo[1′,2′‐c:4′,5′‐c′]dithiophene‐4,8‐dione)] (PBDB‐T):ITIF:ITIC blends, the PCEs of the ternary devices are increased from 9.2% to 10.5%, and the short‐circuit currents, open‐circuit voltages, and fill factors are simultaneously improved.
Superhydrophilic Graphdiyne Accelerates Interfacial Mass/Electron Transportation to Boost Electrocatalytic and Photoelectrocatalytic Water Oxidation Activity
Authors: Li Jian , Gao Xin , Li Zhenzhu , Wang Jing‐Hao , Zhu Lei , Yin Chen , Wang Yang , Li Xu‐Bing , Liu Zhongfan , Zhang Jin , Tung Chen‐Ho , Wu Li‐Zhu 
Published: January 2019

AbstractGraphdiyne (GDY), with a highly π‐conjugated structure of sp2‐ and sp‐hybridized carbon, has triggered a huge interest in water splitting. However, all of the systems perform with no consideration of the surface wettability of GDY. Herein, for the first time, the fabrication of superhydrophilic GDY electrode via air‐plasma for oxygen evolution is described. As a representative catalyst, ultrathin CoAl‐LDH (CO32−) nanosheets have been successfully assembled onto the superhydrophilic GDY electrostatically. The resulting superhydrophilic CoAl‐LDH/GDY electrode exhibites superior activity with an overpotential of ≈258 mV to reach 10 mA cm−2. The turnover frequency (TOF) is calculated to be ≈0.60 s−1 at η = 300 mV, which is the best record in both CoAl‐based and GDY‐based layered double hydroxides (LDH) electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that superhydrophilic GDY has stronger interactions with catalysts and attracts H2O molecules around catalysts, thus facilitating interfacial mass/electron transportation. Further, the fabrication is capable of improving the photoelectrochemical oxygen evolution activity remarkably. The results show the great potential of superhydrophilic GDY to boost water oxidation activity by promoting interfacial mass/electron transportation.
Highly Surface‐Wrinkled and N‐Doped CNTs Anchored on Metal Wire: A Novel Fiber‐Shaped Cathode toward High‐Performance Flexible Li–CO2 Batteries
Authors: Li Yinchuan , Zhou Jingwen , Zhang Tingbo , Wang Tianshuai , Li Xuelian , Jia Yafu , Cheng Jianli , Guan Qun , Liu Enzuo , Peng Huisheng , Wang Bin 
Published: January 2019

AbstractLi–CO2 batteries are regarded as a promising candidate for the next‐generation high‐performance electrochemical energy storage system owing to their ultrahigh theoretical energy density and environmentally friendly CO2 fixation ability. Until now, the majority of reported catalysts for Li–CO2 batteries are in the powder state. Thus, the air electrodes are produced in 2D rigid bulk structure and their electrochemical properties are negatively influenced by binder. The nondeformable feature and unsatisfactory performance of the cathode have already become the main obstacles that hinder Li–CO2 batteries toward ubiquity for wearable electronics. In this work, for the first time, a flexible hybrid fiber is reported comprising highly surface‐wrinkled and N‐doped carbon nanotube (CNT) networks anchored on metal wire as the cathode integrated with high performance and high flexibility for fiber‐shaped Li–CO2 battery. It exhibits a large discharge capacity as high as 9292.3 mAh g−1, an improved cycling performance of 45 cycles, and a decent rate capability. A quasi‐solid‐state flexible fiber‐shaped Li–CO2 battery is constructed to illustrate the advantages on mechanical flexibility of this fiber‐shaped cathode. Experiments and theoretical simulations prove that those doped pyridinic nitrogen atoms play a critical role in facilitating the kinetics of CO2 reduction and evolution reaction, thereby enabling distinctly enhanced electrochemical performance.
Extended Electrochemical Window of Solid Electrolytes via Heterogeneous Multilayered Structure for High‐Voltage Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Duan Hui , Fan Min , Chen Wan‐Ping , Li Jin‐Yi , Wang Peng‐Fei , Wang Wen‐Peng , Shi Ji‐Lei , Yin Ya‐Xia , Wan Li‐Jun , Guo Yu‐Guo 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIn response to the call for safer high‐energy‐density storage systems, high‐voltage solid‐state Li metal batteries have attracted extensive attention. Therefore, solid electrolytes are required to be stable against both Li anode and high‐voltage cathodes; nevertheless, the requirements still cannot be completely satisfied. Herein, a heterogeneous multilayered solid electrolyte (HMSE) is proposed to broaden electrochemical window of solid electrolytes to 0–5 V, through different electrode/electrolyte interfaces to overcome the interfacial instability problems. Oxidation‐resistance poly(acrylonitrile) (PAN) is in contact with the cathode, while reduction tolerant polyethylene glycol diacrylate contacts with Li metal anode. A Janus and flexible PAN@Li1.4Al0.4Ge1.6(PO4)3 (80 wt%) composite electrolyte is designed as intermediate layer to inhibit dendrite penetration and ensure compact interface. Paired with LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 and LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 cathodes, which are rarely used in solid‐state batteries, the solid‐state Li metal batteries with HMSE exhibit excellent electrochemical performance including high capacity and long cycle life. Besides, the Li||Li symmetric batteries maintain a stable polarization less than 40 mV for more than 1000 h under 2 mA cm−2 and effective inhibition of dendrite formation. This study offers a promising approach to extend the applications of solid electrolytes for high‐voltage solid‐state Li metal batteries.
Uncovering the Effect of Lattice Strain and Oxygen Deficiency on Electrocatalytic Activity of Perovskite Cobaltite Thin Films
Authors: Liu Xi , Zhang Lei , Zheng Yun , Guo Zheng , Zhu Yunmin , Chen Huijun , Li Fei , Liu Peipei , Yu Bo , Wang Xinwei , Liu Jiang , Chen Yan , Liu Meilin 
Published: January 2019

AbstractDeveloping cost effective electrocatalysts with high oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity is essential for large‐scale application of many electrochemical energy systems. Although the impacts of either lattice strain or oxygen defects on the OER performance of oxide catalysts have been extensively investigated, the effects of both factors are normally treated separately. In this work, the coupled effects of both strain and oxygen deficiency on the electrocatalytic activity of La0.7Sr0.3CoO3−δ (LSC) thin films grown on single crystal substrates (LaAlO3 (LAO) and SrTiO3 (STO)) are investigated. Electrochemical tests show that the OER activities of LSC films are higher under compression than under tension, and are diminished as oxygen vacancies are introduced by vacuum annealing. Both experimental and computational results indicate that the LSC films under tension (e.g., LSC/STO) have larger oxygen deficiency than the films under compression (e.g., LSC/LAO), which attribute to smaller oxygen vacancy formation energy. Such strain‐induced excessive oxygen vacancies in the LSC/STO increases the eg state occupancy and enlarges the energy gap between the O 2p and Co 3d band, resulting in lower OER activity. Understanding the critical role of strain–defect coupling is important for achieving the rational design of highly active and durable catalysts for energy devices.