bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Myocardial‐Infarction‐Responsive Smart Hydrogels Targeting Matrix Metalloproteinase for On‐Demand Growth Factor Delivery
Authors: Fan Caixia , Shi Jiajia , Zhuang Yan , Zhang Lulu , Huang Lei , Yang Wen , Chen Bing , Chen Yanyan , Xiao Zhifeng , Shen He , Zhao Yannan , Dai Jianwu 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAlthough in situ restoration of blood supply to the infarction region and attenuating pre‐existing extracellular matrix degradation remain potential therapeutic approaches for myocardial infarction (MI), local delivery of therapeutics has been limited by low accumulation (inefficacy) and unnecessary diffusion (toxicity). Here, a dual functional MI‐responsive hydrogel is fabricated for on‐demand drug delivery to promote angiogenesis and inhibit cardiac remodeling by targeting upregulated matrix metalloproteinase‐2/9 (MMP‐2/9) after MI. A glutathione (GSH)‐modified collagen hydrogel (collagen‐GSH) is prepared by conjugating collagen amine groups with GSH sulfhydryl groups and the recombinant protein GST‐TIMP‐bFGF (bFGF: basic fibroblast growth factor) by fusing bFGF with glutathione‐S‐transferase (GST) and MMP‐2/9 cleavable peptide PLGLAG (TIMP). Specific binding between GST and GSH significantly improves the amount of GST‐TIMP‐bFGF loaded in collagen‐GSH hydrogel. The TIMP peptide enclosed between GST and bFGF responds to MMPs for on‐demand release during MI. Additionally, the TIMP peptide is a competitive substrate of MMPs that inhibits the excessive degradation of cardiac matrix by MMPs after MI. GST‐TIMP‐bFGF/collagen‐GSH hydrogels promote the recovery of MI rats by enhancing vascularization and ameliorating myocardium remodeling. The results suggest that on‐demand growth factor delivery by synchronously controlling binding and responsive release to promote angiogenesis and attenuate cardiac remodeling might be promising for the treatment of ischemic heart disease.
Edge Dislocations Induce Improved Photocatalytic Efficiency of Colored TiO2
Authors: Ren Peng , Song Miao , Lee Jaewon , Zheng Jian , Lu Zexi , Engelhard Mark , Yang Xiuchun , Li Xiaolin , Kisailus David , Li Dongsheng 
Published: August 2019

AbstractTitanium oxide is the most widely used material for photocatalytic applications due to its low cost and environmental friendliness. One of the grand challenges to improve its energy conversion efficiency is to utilize more visible light while inhibiting the recombination of photogenerated electrons and holes. A one‐step hydrosolvothermal method is used to obtain colored ultrafine nanowires of rutile and nanoparticles of anatase with edge dislocations, which induce broadened visible solar absorption (400–900 nm) and improve photocatalytic efficiency up to 1.8 times that of rutile or anatase without defects. Enhanced photocatalytic activity of these structures is demonstrated by photodegrading methylene blue measurements under simulated solar light irradiation. Results show the existence of Ti3+, induced by edge dislocations, and subsequent electronic band structure–property relationships. This work highlights a strategy for generating sufficient desired defects in TiO2 nanostructures, leading to broadened visible solar absorption and improved photocatalytic efficiency under visible light irradiation.
Functional 3D Printing for Microfluidic Chips
Authors: Weisgrab Gregor , Ovsianikov Aleksandr , Costa Pedro F. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMicrofluidics enables the downscaling of biochemical applications from a lab setting to a portable format. With the field's recent switch from replica molding to 3D printing, complex geometries can be created and a diverse range of functional elements has been reported. Recent advancements in the development of 3D‐printed sensors, actuators, and other valuable elements for microfluidic devices are summarized. Using movable parts, such as valves or pumps, fluid flow can be precisely controlled and directed. Sensors, in turn, allow for the detection of changes in the engineered microenvironment in real time. Additional elements, such as mixers or gradient generators, facilitate changes within the fluid itself. Together, these functional elements promote the movement of fluids and facilitate the sensing of physicochemical changes in the environment. It is predicted that the widespread adoption of 3D printing in microfluidics will ultimately allow the creation of a new generation of increasingly smart, responsive, and autonomous devices, able to sense and act upon their environment in complex ways and with reduced human intervention.
Multifunctional 3D‐Printed Cellular MAX‐Phase Architectures
Authors: Belmonte Manuel , Koller Martin , Moyano Juan José , Seiner Hanus , Miranzo Pilar , Osendi María Isabel , González‐Julián Jesús 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe development of porous MAX‐phase structures from computer‐aided design models and 3D printing strategies is of great interest for the fabricating of cellular parts with geometric and material complexities for advanced technological applications. This is reinforced by the joining of the outstanding properties of MAX phases with the benefits of creating lighter materials with a higher surface area. Here, the additive manufacturing of 3D cellular Cr2AlC MAX‐phase architectures using a direct ink writing technique from concentrated MAX aqueous‐based inks is presented. These architectures exhibit multifunctional properties; in particular, high strength and good mechanical cycling behavior, excellent electrical conductivity, tailored heat dissipation, and good thermal cycling resistance, a blend that widens the potential engineering applications of these MAX phases through an innovative approach.
Ultrathin Silicon Nanomembrane in a Tubular Geometry for Enhanced Photodetection
Authors: Xu Changhao , Pan Ruobing , Guo Qinglei , Wu Xiang , Li Gongjin , Huang Gaoshan , An Zhenghua , Li Xiuling , Mei Yongfeng 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAdvanced 3D mesostructures have prominent applications in flexible electronics, photonics, mechanics, and biomedicine. Here, 3D tubular silicon photodetectors are demonstrated by self‐rolling ultrathin silicon nanomembranes with enhanced broadband photodetection and responsivity. Strain distributions within the unique circular structures are investigated with micro‐Raman spectroscopy, while the tensile strain of the rolled‐up microtubes can be controlled with the tube diameter by modifying the membrane thickness and etching parameters during the rolled‐up process. The tubular photodetector exhibits increased photocurrent and suppressed dark current compared with planar devices over a wide incident angle. This study provides a novel approach to construct high‐performance omnidirectional Si‐based photodetectors and offers promising prospects for design and manufacture of complex 3D optoelectronic devices.
Therapeutic Approaches toward Multiple Sclerosis: Where Do We Stand and Where Are We Headed?
Authors: Moura Rui Pedro , Sarmento Bruno 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMultiple sclerosis (MS) is a multifactorial, chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS), characterized by observable lesions, due to an ongoing demyelinating state that can result in severe impairment in both physical and cognitive functions. Currently, treatment options still heavily rely upon disease‐modifying treatments that do not treat the underlying cause, rather attempt to suppress and ameliorate the symptoms experienced. However, with the advances in drug delivery methods and therapeutic regimen, newer treatment options have emerged, capable of tackling the demyelinating process of MS. Nanotechnology, cell‐based therapies, or novel drug molecules show promising results regarding remyelination of the CNS. It is foreseen that these advances can eventually lead to vast improvements in the quality of life of patients, as well as improving the microenvironment of the CNS.
2‐Methyl‐1,3‐disulfoimidazolium polyoxometalate hybrid catalytic systems as equivalent safer alternatives to concentrated sulfuric acid in nitration of aromatic compounds
Authors: Saikia Susmita , Borah Ruli 
Published: August 2019

Ionic liquid‐derived polyoxometalate salts [mdsim]3[PM12O40] (where M = W and Mo) of two heteropolyacids H3PW12O40.nH2O and H3PMo12O40.nH2O were synthesized using 2‐methyl‐1,3‐disulfoimidazolium chloride ([mdsim][Cl]) ionic liquid and the corresponding heteropolyacids. Three equivalents of [mdsim][Cl] were treated with the respective Keggin‐structured heteropolyacids (one equivalent) in aqueous medium at room temperature to afford the water‐stable ionic polyoxometalates as acidic solids. They were completely characterized using spectroscopic and other analytical techniques including thermal analysis and Hammett acidity studies. The inherent Brønsted acidic properties of ─SO3H group of these polyoxometalate salts were studied for the nitration of aromatic compounds with 69% HNO3 at normal temperature and 80°C without use of any external concentrated sulfuric acid. These strongly acidic polyoxometalates display good recyclability and efficient reusability.
Waterborne star‐shaped styrene‐alkyd resins
Authors: Murillo Edwin A. 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTWaterborne star‐shaped styrene‐alkyd resins (SSARs) were synthesized from a branched alkyd resin (AR) and styrene (St) by miniemulsion polymerization. SSARs are an environmentally friendly material. The ratio of AR to St for obtaining SSARs was as follows: 50:50 (SSAR1), 60:40 (SSAR2), 70:30 (SSAR3), and 80:20 (SSAR4). The conversion percentage was directly proportional to St used, and was higher than 94.0 %. Infrared analysis and protonic nuclear magnetic resonance revealed the reaction between AR and St. The synthesis process also leads to the formation of polystyrene and its concentration increases with the concentration of St. The values of the reacted double‐bond fractions were higher than 17.80%. The SSARs drop size was bigger than the particle size. The miniemulsion colloidal stability was good at room temperature. The SSARs zeta potential was between −55 and −90 mV. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48386.
Self‐Templated Assembly of AuI/AgI‐Thiolate Sheets with Central Holes
Authors: Dai Chuying , Yu Yang , Xu Shujue , Li Minjie , Zhang Sean Xiao‐An 
Published: August 2019

AbstractComposite crystalline sheets of AuI/AgI‐thiolate with central holes are achieved by co‐assembly of AgI‐thiolate and AuI‐thiolate in one‐pot without sacrificial template. Both AgI‐thiolate and AuI‐thiolate can separately assemble to lamellar sheets with similar structures, which makes their co‐assembly possible, while the differences in their assembly pathways make the co‐assembly processes highly dynamic and complex. First, a core@shell structure with AgI‐thiolate at the core was formed upon the mixing of the two, then the core@shell structure transformed to a hole@shell structure by dissociation of the core. Finally, some instable hole@shell structures further dissociated and grew on stable ones to generate holed AuI/AgI‐thiolate composite sheets, in which the two components neither have severe phase separation nor blend uniformly at atomic level. By tuning the feeding ratios, the average diameter of the holes can be controlled. Therefore, the work demonstrates the advantage of co‐assembly technique in obtaining complex structurers. The holed sheets can further assemble to porous macroscopic materials and transform to composite metal nanoparticles by pyrolysis.
Supramolecular Complexation in Biological Media: NMR Study on Inclusion of an Anionic Tetraarylporphyrin into a Per‐O‐Methylated β‐Cyclodextrin Cavity in Serum, Blood, and Urine
Authors: Kitagishi Hiroaki , Saito Mai , Mao Qiyue , Kiriyama Akiko , Negi Shigeru , Kano Koji 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe supramolecular complexation of 5,10,15,20‐tetrakis(4‐sulfonatophenyl)porphyrin (TPPS) with heptakis(2,3,6‐tri‐O‐methyl)‐β‐cyclodextrin (TMCD) has been known to be highly specific in aqueous media. In this study, we have used NMR spectroscopy to reveal that this supramolecular system also works even in biologically crowded media such as serum, blood, and urine. A 13C‐labeled heptakis(2,3,6‐tri‐O‐methyl‐13C)‐β‐cyclodextrin (13C‐TMCD) was synthesized and studied using one‐dimensional (1D) HMQC spectroscopy in serum and blood. The 1D HMQC spectrum of 13C‐TMCD showed clear signals due to the 2‐, 3‐, and 6‐O13CH3 groups, whose chemical shifts changed upon addition of TPPS due to quantitative formation of the 13C‐TMCD/TPPS=2/1 inclusion complex in such biological media. The 1H NMR signals of non‐isotope‐labeled TPPS included by 13C‐TMCD were detected using the 13C‐filtered ROESY technique. A pharmacokinetic study of 13C‐TMCD and its complex with TPPS was carried out in mice using the 1D HMQC method. The results indicated that (1) 1D HMQC is an effective technique for monitoring the inclusion phenomena of 13C‐labeled cyclodextrin in biological media and (2) the intermolecular interaction between 13C‐TMCD and TPPS is highly selective even in contaminated media like blood, serum, and urine.
Genetic risk association of CDKN1A and RET gene SNPs with medullary thyroid carcinoma: Results from the largest MTC cohort and meta‐analysis
Authors: Mishra Vasudha , Kowtal Pradnya , Rane Pallavi , Sarin Rajiv 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundMedullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is a rare subtype of thyroid cancer. Other than gain‐of‐function RET mutations, no other genetic, lifestyle or environmental risk associations have been established for MTC. Several case‐control studies and meta‐analysis have examined the risk association of different SNPs with MTC in different populations but with contradictory or inconclusive results.MethodsIn a large cohort of 438 Indian MTC cases and 489 gender and ethnicity matched healthy controls from 1000 genome project, a comprehensive risk association of 13 SNPs of three pathways—detoxification, cell cycle regulation and RET was performed along with meta‐analysis of RET SNPs.ResultsMultivariate logistic regression analysis identified a protective risk association of CDKN1ASer31Arg SNP with both hereditary (OR 0.26; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.13‐0.55; P < .001) and sporadic MTC (OR 0.53; 95% CI 0.36‐0.78; P = .001). An increased risk association was identified for NAT2Y94Y SNP (OR 1.62, 95% CI 1.17‐2.25, P = .004) and CDKN2A3′UTR SNP (OR 1.89, 95% CI 1.19‐2.98, P = .006) with sporadic MTC and RET S904S with hereditary MTC (OR 2.82, 95% CI 1.64‐4.86, P < .001). Meta‐analysis of RET SNPs including our cohort identified increased risk association of all four RET SNPs with MTC.ConclusionIn this largest SNP risk association study for MTC and the only risk association study of the 13 most commonly studied MTC associated SNPs in a single cohort of this rare cancer, a significant protective risk association of CDKN1ASer31Arg SNP with MTC was shown for the first time. Meta‐analysis identified significant risk association of all four RET SNPs, not observed in previous meta‐analysis.
Hematologic toxicity in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers during chemotherapy: A retrospective matched cohort study
Authors: West Allison H. , Knollman Hayley , Dugan James , Hedeker Donald , Handorf Elisabeth A. , Nielsen Sarah M. , Bealin Lisa C. , Goldblatt Lindsay G. , Willems Heather , Daly Mary B. , Afghahi Anosheh , Olopade Olufunmilayo I. , Hulick Peter J. , Shagisultanova Elena , Huo Dezheng , Obeid Elias , Churpek Jane E. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractWomen who inherit a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation have an increased risk of breast cancer. Preliminary evidence suggests they may also have defects in bone marrow function. To test this hypothesis, we conducted a multicenter, retrospective, matched cohort study, comparing women with localized breast cancer requiring cytotoxic chemotherapy who carried an inherited BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation to similar wild‐type patients treated between 1995 and 2017 and matched based on age, race, site, and chemotherapy regimen. The proportion who developed specific hematologic toxicities, timing of these toxicities, and patterns of blood count fluctuations over time were compared among BRCA1 carriers vs matched wild‐type patients and among BRCA2 carriers vs matched wild‐type patients. 88 BRCA1 carriers and 75 BRCA2 carriers were matched to 226 and 242 wild‐type patients, respectively. The proportions and timing of experiencing any grade or grade 3/4 cytopenias during chemotherapy were not significantly different for BRCA1 carriers or BRCA2 carriers vs matched wild‐type patients. Proportions requiring treatment modifications and time to first modification were also similar. Patterns of blood count fluctuations over time in mutation carriers mirrored those in wild‐type patients overall and by the most common regimens. Women with an inherited mutation in BRCA1 or BRCA2 experience similar frequency, severity, and timing of hematologic toxicities during curative intent breast cancer chemotherapy as matched wild‐type patients. Our findings suggest that BRCA1 or BRCA2 haploinsufficiency is sufficient for adequate bone marrow reserve in the face of short‐term repetitive hematopoietic stressors.
Enhancement of the Amazonian Açaí Waste Fibers through Variations of Alkali Pretreatment Parameters
Authors: de Oliveira Dhimitrius N. P. S. , Claro Pedro I. C. , de Freitas Raquel R. , Martins Maria A. , Souza Tiago M. , da S. e Silva Breno M. , Mendes Lourival M. , Bufalino Lina 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe açaí fruit depulping produces large amounts of long lignocellulosic fiber bundles that are disposed in the environment. Chemical pretreatments may improve açaí fibers favoring their usage in advanced materials. This work aimed to define optimal alkali reaction parameters to improve the properties of açaí fibers. Two NaOH concentrations (5 % and 10 %) and two reaction temperatures (80 °C and 100 °C) were tested. The raw and treated fibers were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, and thermal analyses. All the alkali pretreatments separated fibers from the bundles, unblocked pit channels by removing silicon structures, exposed the inner lignin, partially removed non‐cellulosic compounds, and raised the cellulose crystalline index. The highest temperature and NaOH content resulted in better cleaning and isolation of the fibers, while milder conditions better preserved the cellulose crystalline structure and thermal stability.
Dispersion properties of electron acoustic waves in degenerate and non‐degenerate quantum plasmas
Authors: Fahad S. , Ahmad Mushtaq , Jan Qasim , Akram F. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe longitudinal response functions are used to generalize the dispersion properties of electron acoustic waves (EAWs) in the presence of quantum recoil, for isotropic, non‐relativistic, degenerate/non‐degenerate plasmas. In order to study the EAWs, the constituents of non‐degenerate (thermal) plasma are considered to be of two groups of electrons having different number density and temperature, namely the cold electrons and the hot electrons. Similarly in degenerate (Fermi) plasma the two population of electrons are considered to be the thinly populated and the thickly populated electrons. The sparsely populated electrons are termed as cold electrons while the densely populated ones are termed as hot electrons. The ions are stationary which form the neutralizing background. The absorption coefficients for Landau damping with the inclusion of the quantum recoil in both plasmas are calculated and discussed. The results are discussed in the context of laser‐produced plasma.
Multiparameter Flow Cytometry Assay for Quantification of Immune Cell Subsets, PD‐1 Expression Levels and PD‐1 Receptor Occupancy by Nivolumab and Pembrolizumab
Authors: Pluim Dick , Ros Willeke , Miedema Iris H. C. , Beijnen Jos H. , Schellens Jan H. M. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractWe report the development and validation of a 12 parameter immunofluorescence flow cytometry method for the sensitive determination of cell concentrations, their expression of PD‐1, and PD‐1 receptor occupancy. Cell subsets include CD4+ and CD8+‐T‐cells, B‐cells, natural killer cells, classical‐, intermediate‐ and non‐classical monocytes, and myeloid‐ and plasmacytoid dendritic cells. Cells were isolated from peripheral blood by density gradient centrifugation. The validation parameters included specificity, linearity, limit of quantification, precision, biological within‐ and between subject variations. The lower limit of quantification was 5.0% of PD‐1+ cells. Samples were stable for at least 153 days of storage at −80°C. The clinical applicability of the method was demonstrated in 11 advanced cancer patients by the successful determination of immune cell concentrations, relative number of PD‐1+ immune cells, and number of PD‐1 molecules per immune cell. Shortly after infusion of nivolumab, receptor occupancy on CD8+‐T‐cells was 98%. Similar values were found predose cycle 2, suggesting receptor occupancy remained high throughout the entire cycle. © 2019 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Involvement of l‐arginine‐nitric oxide pathway in the antidepressant and memory promoting effects of morin in mice
Authors: Ben‐Azu Benneth , Aderibigbe Adegbuyi O. , Ajayi Abayomi M. , Umukoro Solomon , Iwalewa Ezekiel O. 
Published: August 2019

Abstractl‐Arginine‐nitric oxide pathway has been reported to be involved in the mediation of the psychopharmacological effects of many psychotropic drugs. Previous studies have shown that morin, a psychotropic compound isolated from mulberry leaf produces functional psychopharmacological effects indicative of antidepressant, antipsychotic, anxiolytic and nootropic properties. However, the role of l‐arginine‐nitric oxide pathway in the psychotropic effects of morin has not been fully investigated, hence, the need for this study. Male Swiss mice were pretreated individually or in combination with nitric oxide precursor [l‐arginine (750 mg/kg, i.p.)], competitive nonselective nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor [N(G)‐nitro‐l‐arginine methyl ester (l‐NAME, i.p) (50 mg/kg)] or selective neuronal NOS inhibitor [methylene blue (3.75 mg/kg, i.p)] prior to morin (100 mg/kg, i.p.) or saline (10 mL/kg, i.p.) treatment. Psychopharmacological activities were then evaluated 30 min later using open field, Y‐maze, and forced swim tests. l‐Arginine significantly reversed the effects of morin on locomotion, memory and depression in mice. The reduced motor activity and enhanced memory function produced by morin were significantly attenuated by methylene blue but augmented the antimobility activity of morin in the FST. Moreover, l‐NAME potentiated the psychopharmacological effects of morin in the open field and forced swim tests but reduced its memory promoting effect. Meanwhile, morin supplementation reversed the effects of l‐arginine on l‐NAME‐treated mice in all behavioral models. The results of this study suggest that l‐arginine‐nitric oxide pathway might play a role in the modulation of the antidepressant and memory promoting effects of morin in mice.