bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Le développement des investissements immatériels dans les pays en développement : le rôle catalyseur des compétences des membres du Conseil d’administration
Authors: Gonne Jérôme , Bello Pascal , Roger Feudjo Jules 
Published: September 2019

L’objectif de cet article est d’analyser l’apport des compétences spécifiques des membres du Conseil d’Administration (CA) à l’amélioration de la qualité des informations comptables et financières ainsi qu’au développement des investissements immatériels dans un contexte de marché financier embryonnaire. Les données de l’étude ont été collectées auprès d’un échantillon de 78 Sociétés Anonymes opérant dans divers secteurs d’activité au Cameroun. Les résultats obtenus mettent en évidence deux (02) dimensions des compétences des administrateurs qui permettent particulièrement de garantir une information comptable et financière de qualité sur la composante immatérielle et d’améliorer le niveau des investissements immatériels dans les entreprises. Ce qui montre que les entreprises peuvent s’appuyer sur une combinaison de compétences des administrateurs pour réduire l’incertitude qui caractérise les investissements immatériels et développer leurs potentialités.
Comprendre la communication de la gender mélancolie autour du fan féminin de Hallyu
Authors: Oh Ingyu , Kim Soel-ah 
Published: September 2019

La sociologie a longtemps ignoré l’importance de la mélancolie comme moyen de compréhension et d’explication de la créativité féminine et du "fandom" féminin, en particulier dans leur processus communicatif de partage des motivations et des connaissances de la culture étrangère. Cet article examine la manière dont l’analyse sociobiologique de la mélancolie dévoile la nature d’un universalisme féminin stimulant l’appréciation de la K-pop et la découverte de la culture coréenne. À travers cette étude nous voyons que l’universalisme féminin est une entente ou compréhension généralement acceptée par les fans fidèles de Hallyu ; que la gender mélancolie, leur permettant de supprimer la tristesse de la perte du gender social désiré dans leur relation avec leurs proches, les conduit en fait à des comportements dépressifs, lesquels sont nécessaires pour réaliser ce désir virulent de découverte des sous-cultures étrangères socialement sous-estimées, telles que la K-pop et la culture coréenne.
Workshop Imaginaires Urbains. Une étude exploratoire de la fonction symbolique de l’espace
Authors: Leite Julieta , Pitta Tania , Teti Rafaela 
Published: September 2019

Cet article est les résultats d’une étude sur les correspondances physiques et sociales existantes dans l’espace urbain avec une observation particulaire sur l’architecture et ses formes d’appréhension. La recherche se base sur une étude expérimentale de la fonction symbolique de l’espace urbain en appliquant la méthode de l’« Archétype-Test du Lieu à 9 éléments » (ATL-9) dans le quartier de Boa Vista à Recife en 2016. Cette étude a été réalisée dans le cadre d’une activité d’extension (« Université hors les murs ») - le Workshop Imaginaires Urbains -, du cours d’Architecture et Urbanisme de l’Université Fédérale de Pernambouc (UFPE). Les résultats de l’étude ont permis d’obtenir des faits symboliques matérialisés par des images (dessins) et par les sens (récits), en plus de la spatialisation et de l’organisation de ces faits en un sous-ensemble signifiant. Cette expérience, combinée aux préoccupations de l’architecte urbaniste, a permis de mettre en place une étude de l’imaginaire dans une perspective méthodologique orientée vers la connaissance de la réalité urbaine, ainsi que vers de nouvelles manières de considérer et de développer le projet qui prenne en compte les caractéristiques propres des lieux et de ses occupants.
Corneal First Surface Wavefront Aberrations Before and After Pterygium Surgery
Authors: Pesudovs Konrad , Figueiredo Francisco C 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To determine the higher order aberrations at the corneal first surface before and after surgery for pterygium.
METHODS: Data were drawn from a longitudinal study of patients undergoing pterygium excision at Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, England between September 1998 and May 2004. Corneal topography was taken with the TMS-2 Topographic Modeling System (Computed Anatomy Corp) prior to and 6 months after surgery, exported to VOLPro software v7.08 (Sarver & Associates), and wavefront aberrations were derived for a 5.0-mm pupil using a 10th order Zernike polynomial expansion. Pre- to postoperative changes were assessed for significance using analyses of variance, and the relative risk of significant postoperative aberrations by pterygium size was determined.
RESULTS: Satisfactory corneal topography was available on 67 eyes (mean age 53.8±16.7 years [range: 25-86 years]). The root-mean-square (RMS) fit error in preoperative eyes was 0.15±0.10 µm. Preoperatively, the total higher order RMS wavefront aberration was 0.94±0.83 µm. All Zernike modes were elevated, with trefoil being the major contributor 0.52±0.50µm. Pterygium excision significantly reduced wavefront aberrations across all modes and orders (F^sub 1,129^=6.7 to 22.6, P<.01): total higher order RMS^sub postop^ 0.45±0.35 µm. Cases with visually significant postoperative aberrations occurred and were more likely with larger pterygia: relative risk compared to pterygia 1.0 to 1.9 mm was 1.3 for 2.0 to 2.9 mm, 8.5 for 3.0 to 3.9 mm, 13.3 for 4.0 to 4.9 mm, and 10.2 for 5.0 to 5.9 mm.
CONCLUSIONS: Zernike polynomial fitting well describes wavefront aberrations in eyes with pterygia. Pterygia are associated with wavefront aberrations, especially trefoil, but these were largely eliminated by surgery. Earlier excision of pterygia reduces the likelihood of significant residual aberrations. [J Refract Surg. 2006;22:921-925.]
Comparison of Wavefront Reconstructions With Zernike Polynomials and Fourier Transforms
Authors: Dai Guang-ming 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To make a direct comparison between Fourier and Zernike reconstructions of ocular wavefronts using a newly available analytical theory by which Fourier coefficients can be converted to Zernike coefficients and vice versa.
METHODS: Noise-free random wavefronts were simulated with up to the 15th order of Zernike polynomials. For each case, 100 random wavefronts were simulated separately. These wavefronts were smoothed with a low-pass Gaussian filter to remove edge effects. Wavefront slopes were calculated, and normally distributed random noise was added within the circular area to simulate realistic Shack-Hartmann spot patterns. Three wavefront reconstruction methods were performed. The wavefront surface error was calculated as the percentage of the input wavefront root mean square.
RESULTS: Fourier full reconstruction was more accurate than Zernike reconstruction from the 6th to the 10th orders for low-to-moderate noise levels. Fourier reconstruction was found to be approximately 100 times faster than Zernike reconstruction. Fourier reconstruction always makes optimal use of information. For Zernike reconstruction, however, the optimal number of orders must be chosen manually. The optimal Zernike order for Zernike reconstruction is lower for smaller pupils than larger pupils.
CONCLUSIONS: Fourier full reconstruction is faster and more accurate than Zernike reconstruction, makes optimal use of slope information, and better represents ocular aberrations of highly aberrated eyes. [J Refract Surg. 2006;22:943-948.]
Precision of NIDEK OPD-Scan Measurements
Authors: Holzer Mike P , Goebels Susanne , Auffarth Gerd U 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To evaluate the repeatability of wavefront measurements using the NIDEK OPD-Scan.
METHODS: A total of 179 eyes from 90 healthy volunteers (57 women and 33 men) with no corneal or lenticular pathology and normal visual acuity were enrolled in this study. Mean patient age was 39 years (range: 17 to 85 years). All patients underwent four consecutive measurements by one examiner with the NIDEK OPD-Scan. Total, corneal, and internal wavefront errors were measured and calculated with the device, using slit retinoscopy. Repeatability of the measurements was evaluated for spherical aberration, coma, and trefoil.
RESULTS: The repeatability test revealed a good result for all three higher order aberrations evaluated. The best repeatability values were found for total aberrations, followed by internal and corneal aberrations.
CONCLUSIONS: The NIDEK OPD-Scan has good precision in the wavefront measurement of total, corneal, and internal optical aberrations. [J Refract Surg. 2006;22: S1021-S1023.]
Norma Padrão, Norma Culta e Hibridismo Linguístico em Traduções de Artigos do New York Times
Authors: Amorim Lauro Maia , Di Santi Bianca Trindade 
Published: September 2019

Este artigo traz resultados de uma pesquisa envolvendo um estudo sobre normas linguísticas híbridas em artigos jornalísticos do New York Times, traduzidos, para o português, e veiculados no site UOL. Segundo Faraco (2008) e Bagno (2012), há uma diferença entre a norma padrão e a norma culta, sendo a primeira aquela que reúne regras que prescrevem formas linguísticas a serem seguidas de acordo com um modelo idealizado de língua, mas difícil de ser seguido pela maioria dos usuários; e a segunda, aquela que reúne o conjunto de formas linguísticas que são, de fato, empregadas por muitos escreventes, sendo, portanto, mais acessíveis intuitivamente, embora não aceitas pela tradição gramatical conservadora representada pela norma padrão, comumente divulgada em compêndios gramaticais e manuais de estilo. Pretende-se avaliar se seria possível afirmar que textos jornalísticos traduzidos do inglês, semelhante ao que já comprovadamente ocorre com textos jornalísticos originalmente escritos em português, são igualmente permeáveis a formas linguísticas não abonadas pela norma padrão.
Incongruent Court Advice: Examining Fair Value and Fair Market Value Standards in Commercial Damage Cases Pursuant to Minority Claims
Authors: Young Christopher , Janos James 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The standard of value in shareholder oppression and dissolution cases for a valuation of a minority shareholder's interest in a business in most U.S. states is fair value. The fair value standard in most U.S. states excludes discounts for control and lack of marketability. However, the three valuation approaches commonly used (income, market, and asset) all yield different levels of value. Consequently, this can unfairly negatively or positively impact minority and oppressed shareholders. In this paper we examine these inconsistencies and offer a solution to arriving at a level of value the trier of fact is seeking to obtain.
Rapid transition in winter aerosol composition in Beijing from 2014 to 2017: response to clean air actions
Authors: Li Haiyan , Cheng Jing , Zhang Qiang , Zheng Bo , Zhang Yuxuan , Zheng Guangjie , He Kebin 
Published: September 2019

Abstract. The clean air actions implemented by the Chinese
government in 2013 have led to significantly improved air quality in
Beijing. In this work, we combined the in situ measurements of the chemical
components of submicron particles (PM1) in Beijing during the winters
of 2014 and 2017 and a regional chemical transport model to investigate the
impact of clean air actions on aerosol chemistry and quantify the relative
contributions of anthropogenic emissions, meteorological conditions, and
regional transport to the changes in aerosol chemical composition from 2014
to 2017. We found that the average PM1 concentration in winter in
Beijing decreased by 49.5 % from 2014 to 2017 (from 66.2
to 33.4 µg m−3). Sulfate exhibited a much larger decline than
nitrate and ammonium, which led to a rapid transition from sulfate-driven to
nitrate-driven aerosol pollution during the wintertime. Organic aerosol
(OA), especially coal combustion OA, and black carbon also showed large
decreasing rates, indicating the effective emission control of coal
combustion and biomass burning. The decreased sulfate contribution and
increased nitrate fraction were highly consistent with the much faster
emission reductions in sulfur dioxide (SO2) due to phasing out coal in
Beijing compared to reduction in nitrogen oxides emissions estimated by
bottom-up inventory. The chemical transport model simulations with these
emission estimates reproduced the relative changes in aerosol composition
and suggested that the reduced emissions in Beijing and its surrounding
regions played a dominant role. The variations in meteorological conditions
and regional transport contributed much less to the changes in aerosol
concentration and its chemical composition during 2014–2017 compared to the
decreasing emissions. Finally, we speculated that changes in precursor
emissions possibly altered the aerosol formation mechanisms based on ambient
observations. The observed explosive growth of sulfate at a relative
humidity (RH) greater than 50 % in 2014 was delayed to a higher RH of
70 % in 2017, which was likely caused by the suppressed sulfate formation
through heterogeneous reactions due to the decrease in SO2 emissions.
Thermodynamic simulations showed that the decreased sulfate and nitrate
concentrations have lowered the aerosol water content, particle acidity, and
ammonium particle fraction. The results in this study demonstrate the
response of aerosol chemistry to the stringent clean air actions and
identify that the anthropogenic emission reductions are a major driver,
which could help to further guide air pollution control strategies in China.
Vertical profile observations of water vapor deuterium excess in the lower troposphere
Authors: Salmon Olivia E. , Welp Lisa R. , Baldwin Michael E. , Hajny Kristian D. , Stirm Brian H. , Shepson Paul B. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract. We use airborne measurements of water vapor
(H2Ov) stable isotopologues and complementary meteorological
observations to examine how boundary layer (BL) dynamics, cloud processing, and
atmospheric mixing influence the vertical structure of δD, δ18O, and deuterium excess (d excess =δD–8×δ18O) in the BL, inversion layer (INV), and lower free
troposphere (FT). Flights were conducted around two continental US cities in
February–March 2016 and included vertical profiles extending from near
the surface to ≤2 km. We examine observations from three unique case
study flights in detail. One case study shows observations that are
consistent with Rayleigh isotopic distillation theory coinciding with clear
skies, dry adiabatic lapse rates within the boundary layer, and relatively
constant vertical profiles of wind speed and wind direction. This suggests
that the air mass retained the isotopic fingerprint of dehydration during
moist adiabatic processes upwind of the study area. Also, observed d-excess
values in the free troposphere were sometimes larger than Rayleigh theory
predicts, which may indicate mixing of extremely dehydrated air from higher
altitudes. The two remaining case studies show isotopic anomalies in the
d-excess signature relative to Rayleigh theory and indicate cloud processes
and complex boundary layer development. The most notable case study with
stratocumulus clouds present had extremely low (negative) d-excess values at
the interface of the inversion layer and the free troposphere, which is
possibly indicative of cloud or rain droplet evaporation. We discuss how in situ
H2Ov stable isotope measurements, and d excess in particular,
could be useful for improving our understanding of water phase changes,
transport, and mixing that occurs between the BL, INV, and FT.
Cushion bogs are stronger carbon dioxide net sinks than moss-dominated bogs as revealed by eddy covariance measurements on Tierra del Fuego, Argentina
Authors: Holl David , Pancotto Verónica , Heger Adrian , Camargo Sergio Jose , Kutzbach Lars 
Published: September 2019

Abstract. The near-pristine bog ecosystems of Tierra del Fuego in southernmost Patagonia have so far not been studied in terms of their current carbon dioxide (CO2) sink strength. CO2 flux data from Southern Hemisphere peatlands are scarce in general. In this study, we present CO2 net ecosystem exchange (NEE) fluxes from two Fuegian bog ecosystems with contrasting vegetation communities. One site is located in a glaciogenic valley and developed as a peat moss-dominated raised bog, and the other site is a vascular plant-dominated cushion bog located at the coast of the Beagle Channel. We measured NEE fluxes with two identical eddy covariance (EC) setups at both sites for more than 2 years. With the EC method, we were able to observe NEE fluxes on an ecosystem level and at high temporal resolution. Using a mechanistic modeling approach, we estimated daily NEE models to gap fill and partition the half-hourly net CO2 fluxes into components related to photosynthetic uptake (gross primary production, GPP) and to total ecosystem respiration (TER). We found a larger relative variability of annual NEE sums between both years at the moss-dominated site. A warm and dry first year led to comparably high TER sums. Photosynthesis was also promoted by warmer conditions but less strongly than TER with respect to absolute and relative GPP changes. The annual NEE carbon (C) uptake was more than 3 times smaller in the warm year. Close to the sea at the cushion bog site, the mean temperature difference between both observed years was less pronounced, and TER stayed on similar levels. A higher amount of available radiation in the second observed year led to an increase in GPP (5 %) and NEE (35 %) C uptake. The average annual NEE-C uptake of the cushion bog (-122±76 gm-2a-1, n=2) was more than 4 times larger than the average uptake of the moss-dominated bog (-27±28 gm-2a-1, n=2).
Precipitation transition regions over the southern Canadian Cordillera during January–April 2010 and under a pseudo-global-warming assumption
Authors: Almonte Juris D. , Stewart Ronald E. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract. The occurrence of various types of winter precipitation
is an important issue over the southern Canadian Cordillera. This issue is
examined from January to April of 2010 by exploiting the high-resolution
Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model Version 3.4.1 dataset that was
used to simulate both a historical reanalysis-driven (control – CTRL) and a
pseudo-global-warming (PGW) experiment (Liu et al., 2016). Transition
regions, consisting of both liquid and solid precipitation or liquid
precipitation below 0 ∘C, occurred on 93 % and 94 % of the
days in the present and PGW future, respectively. This led to accumulated
precipitation within the transition region increasing by 27 % and was
associated with a rise in its average elevation by 374 m over the Coast Mountains and
Insular Mountains and by 240 m over the Rocky Mountains and consequently to
an eastward shift towards the higher terrain of the Rocky Mountains.
Transition regions comprised of only rain and snow were most common under
both the CTRL and PGW simulations, although all seven transition region
categories occurred. Transition region changes would enhance some of the
factors leading to avalanches and would also impact ski resort operations.
DUACS DT2018: 25 years of reprocessed sea level altimetry products
Authors: Taburet Guillaume , Sanchez-Roman Antonio , Ballarotta Maxime , Pujol Marie-Isabelle , Legeais Jean-François , Fournier Florent , Faugere Yannice , Dibarboure Gerald 
Published: September 2019

Abstract. For more than 20 years, the multi-satellite Data Unification and Altimeter Combination System (DUACS) has been providing near-real-time (NRT) and delayed-time (DT) altimetry products. DUACS datasets range from along-track measurements to multi-mission sea level anomaly (SLA) and absolute dynamic topography (ADT) maps. The DUACS DT2018 ensemble of products is the most recent and major release. For this, 25 years of altimeter data have been reprocessed and are available through the Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service (CMEMS) and the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S). Several changes were implemented in DT2018 processing in order to improve
the product quality. New altimetry standards and geophysical corrections
were used, data selection was refined and optimal interpolation (OI)
parameters were reviewed for global and regional map generation. This paper describes the extensive assessment of DT2018 reprocessing. The
error budget associated with DT2018 products at global and regional scales
was defined and improvements on the previous version were quantified
(DT2014; Pujol et al., 2016). DT2018 mesoscale errors were estimated using
independent and in situ measurements. They have been reduced by nearly 3 % to 4 % for global and regional products compared to DT2014. This reduction is even greater in coastal areas (up to 10 %) where it is directly linked to the geophysical corrections applied to DT2018 processing. The conclusions are very similar concerning geostrophic currents, for which error was globally reduced by around 5 % and as much as 10 % in coastal areas.
Collaborative, Multi-perspective Historical Writing: The Explanatory Power of a Dialogical Framework
Authors: Ben-David Kolikant Yifat , Pollack Sarah 
Published: September 2019

There is an increased interest within the history education community in introducing students to the multi-perspective and interpretative nature of history. When these educational goals are pursued within collaborative contexts, what are the relationships of individuals from conflicting groups with historical accounts that they produced as a group? How does the joint writing influence their historical understanding? We analyzed the joint accounts produced by high-school Israeli students, Jews and Arab/Palestinians, who collaboratively investigated historical events related to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. Employing a thematic analysis and a Bakhtinian-inspired discourse analysis, we found that the joint texts were constructed of themes from both in-groups’ perspectives. The students constructed a dialogic relationship between these themes, which enabled them to legitimize the other’s voice, yet keep the voices unmerged. Additionally, although they never abandoned their in-group narratives, the joint account reflected a new, multi-perspective historical meaning of the historical event.
A Script for the Witch: Witches' Voices in Two British Dramas
Authors: Handley Janet 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT
This article examines two dramas that use historical representations of witchcraft and work from original sources as a starting point: The Witch of Edmonton by Rowley, Dekker, and Ford (1621) and Witchcraft by Joanna Baillie (1836). Whilst the majority of those convicted of witchcraft in the early modern period were women, finding a female voice in historical sources is difficult. What is striking about these plays therefore, is the prominent voice allocated to the witch figures on stage. This not only presents a challenge to the control of the official narratives but draws attention to the social mechanisms at work in the conviction of a witch. The main argument is that the plays address an absence in the source materials; by presenting what can be termed as “missing evidence” through the voice of the witch, the plays contribute to the debate on witchcraft and force the audience to judge anew.
Régime de gouvernance et croissance locale en Chine. Leadership et élites managériales dans le cas du développement high-tech
Authors: Gaudin1 Jean-Pierre 
Published: September 2019

L’article analyse les formes de pilotage local d’une « zone de développement high-tech » créée par l’État chinois il y a une quinzaine d’années dans la ville de Zhuhai, située au sud de la Chine près de Macao. L’article interroge les modalités locales d’une coalition de croissance qui s’est progressivement constituée dans ce cas autour du high-tech : règles partagées, réseau d’acteurs à la fois publics et privés en interaction forte, intégration en fonction d’un leadership local plutôt souple au regard des conditions chinoises habituelles. Est-il pour autant possible dans ce cas de parler d’un « régime partiel (ou local) de gouvernance », au sens de la littérature scientifique correspondante ?