bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Electrocorticography Device with an Integrated Microfluidic Ion Pump for Simultaneous Neural Recording and Electrophoretic Drug Delivery In Vivo
Authors: Proctor Christopher M. , Uguz Ilke , Slezia Andrea , Curto Vincenzo , Inal Sahika , Williamson Adam , Malliaras George G. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe challenge of treating neurological disorders has motivated the development of implantable devices that can deliver treatment when and where it is needed. This study presents a novel brain implant capable of electrophoretically delivering drugs and recording local neural activity on the surface of the brain. The drug delivery is made possible by the integration of a microfluidic ion pump (µFIP) into a conformable electrocorticography (ECoG) device with recording cites embedded next to the drug delivery outlets. The µFIP ECoG device can deliver a high capacity of several biologically important cationic species on demand. The therapeutic potential of the device is demonstrated by using it to deliver neurotransmitters in a rodent model while simultaneously recording local neural activity. These developments represent a significant step forward for cortical drug‐delivery systems.
Functional Nanomaterials Optimized to Circumvent Tumor Immunological Tolerance
Authors: Gong Ningqiang , Zhang Yuxuan , Zhang Zhen , Li Xianlei , Liang Xing‐Jie 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAdvances in cancer immunology have revealed that immunological tolerance, which is characterized by low immunogenicity, insufficient antigen presentation, and low T lymphocyte infiltration, increases the expression of inhibitory receptors and cytokines in tumors. These features make it possible for tumor cells to easily escape attack by immune cells. Nanomaterials, with unique properties such as ultrasmall size, unique surface characteristics, and multivalent effects, have attracted an increasing amount of attention in the regulation of the immunological microenvironment of tumors. In this review, the use of functional nanomaterials to reverse immunological tolerance in tumors is examined, including the use of nanomaterials for efficient cancer vaccines, checkpoint blockade delivery, cytokine delivery, artificial antigen presentation cells, and adoptive cell therapy. The benefits and challenges of using nanomaterials to circumvent the immunological tolerance of tumors are also discussed.
Intrinsically Low Thermal Conductivity in BiSbSe3: A Promising Thermoelectric Material with Multiple Conduction Bands
Authors: Liu Xiaoying , Wang Dongyang , Wu Haijun , Wang Jinfeng , Zhang Yang , Wang Guangtao , Pennycook Stephen J. , Zhao Li‐Dong 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBi2Se3, as a Te‐free alternative of room‐temperature state‐of‐the‐art thermoelectric (TE) Bi2Te3, has attracted little attention due to its poor electrical transport properties and high thermal conductivity. Interestingly, BiSbSe3, a product of alloying 50% Sb on Bi sites, shows outstanding electron and phonon transports. BiSbSe3 possesses orthorhombic structure and exhibits multiple conduction bands, which can be activated when the carrier density is increased as high as ≈3.7 × 1020 cm−3 through heavily Br doping, resulting in simultaneously enhancing the electrical conductivities and Seebeck coefficients. Meanwhile, an extremely low thermal conductivity (≈0.6–0.4 W m−1 K−1 at 300–800 K) is found in BiSbSe3. Both first‐principles calculations and elastic properties measurements show the strong anharmonicity and support the ultra‐low thermal conductivity of BiSbSe3. Finally, a maximum dimensionless figure of merit ZT ∼ 1.4 at 800 K is achieved in BiSb(Se0.94Br0.06)3, which is comparable to the most n‐type Te‐free TE materials. The present results indicate that BiSbSe3 is a new and a robust candidate for TE power generation in medium‐temperature range.
Biogenic (R)‐(+)‐Lipoic Acid Only Constructed Cross‐Linked Vesicles with Synergistic Anticancer Potency
Authors: Liao Chunyan , Dai Xin , Chen Ying , Liu Jie , Yao Yongchao , Zhang Shiyong 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAlthough the drug delivery systems (DDSs) hold great potential for cancer chemotherapy, the drug carriers themselves become redundant substances in the body, once the delivering task is finished. They not only have no therapeutic effect, but even can sometimes cause unexpectedly toxic and side effects, which confine seriously the clinical prospect of DDSs. Herein, a new drug container of cross‐linked lipoic acid vesicles (cLAVs) constructed solely by biogenic (R)‐(+)‐lipoic acid (LA) is developed. Benefited from the structure homology with LA, the cLAVs are no longer the redundant substances after drug delivery, but LA‐like “vitamins” with strong synergistic anticancer potency both in vitro and in vivo, and, thus represent a particularly powerful carrier for cancer chemotherapy.
Mussel‐Inspired Polydopamine‐Treated Reinforced Composite Membranes with Self‐Supported CeOxRadical Scavengers for Highly Stable PEM Fuel Cells
Authors: Yoon Ki Ro , Lee Kyung Ah , Jo Sunhee , Yook Seung Ho , Lee Kwan Young , Kim Il‐Doo , Kim Jin Young 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe physical and chemical degradations of a state‐of‐the‐art proton exchange membrane (PEM) composed of a perfluorinated sulfonic acid (PFSA) ionomer and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) reinforcement are induced through the repeated expansion/shrinkage of the ionomer and free radical attacks. Such degradations essentially originate from the loose structure of the materials and the low interactive binding force among the PEM constituents. In this study, the need for simplified design principles of adhesives led to the use of mussel‐inspired polydopamine (PD) as an interfacial modifier for the fabrication of highly durable PEM. Indeed, a self‐polymerized dopamine layer acts as an interfacial glue, and enables efficient impregnation of a hydrophilic PFSA ionomer into porous hydrophobic PTFE with high packing density, resulting in strong adhesion between the PTFE and the PFSA polymers in the membrane. In addition, the redox property of the PD end groups spontaneously reduces the partial Ce salts in the ionomer solution and anchors them to the PD@PTFE substrate as defective cerium oxide (CeOx) nanoparticles, reducing the dissolution and subsequent migration under cell operations. Finally, a CePD@PTFE membrane shows outstanding durability in fuel cells under an accelerated humidity cycling test with a reduction in the degree of physical and chemical failures.
Atomic Insights for Optimum and Excess Doping in Photocatalysis: A Case Study of Few‐Layer Cu‐ZnIn2S4
Authors: Wang Pengfei , Shen Zhurui , Xia Yuguo , Wang Haitao , Zheng Lirong , Xi Wei , Zhan Sihui 
Published: November 2018

AbstractHerein, an example of Cu‐doped few‐layer ZnIn2S4 nanosheets is used to reveal the origin of optimum and excess doping for photocatalysts at atomic level. Results show that the metal‐S4 coordination maintains well with 0.5 wt% Cu substituted Zn atoms in the lattice. The introduced Cu atoms bring electronic acceptor states close to the valence band (VB) maximum and thus ensures higher charge density and efficient carrier transport, resulting in an optimum hydrogen evolution rate of 26.2 mmol h−1 g−1 and an apparent quantum efficiency of 4.76% at 420 nm. However, a distorted atomic structure and largely upshift of VB maximum with Cu‐S3.6 coordination are found with excess doping concentration (3.6 wt%). These bring the heavy charge recombination and consequentially dramatic reduced activity. This work provides a new insight into elemental doping study and takes an important step toward the development of ultrathin 2D photocatalysts.
Specific Biosensing Using DNA Aptamers and Nanopores
Authors: Kong Jinglin , Zhu Jinbo , Chen Kaikai , Keyser Ulrich F. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe multiplexed biosensing of target molecules with high specificity and accuracy is of fundamental importance in both biological research and medical diagnostics. In this paper, the working range of the recent nanopore‐DNA carrier based method is extended by introducing a two‐step assay using specific DNA aptamers. A signal translation step allows for binding of the target in physiological conditions before the nanopore measurements. Using protein encoded DNA carriers, the simultaneous detection of three targets spanning several orders of magnitude in molecular weight is demonstrated. The single‐molecule method may be integrated into nanopore sensing devices for future applied research and point‐of‐care applications.
Fundamental Understanding of Water‐Induced Mechanisms in Li–O2 Batteries: Recent Developments and Perspectives
Authors: Dai Alvin , Li Qidong , Liu Tongchao , Amine Khalil , Lu Jun 
Published: November 2018

AbstractModern sustainability challenges in recent years have warranted the development of new energy storage technologies. Practical realization of the lithium–O2 battery holds great promise for revolutionizing energy storage as it holds the highest theoretical specific energy of any rechargeable battery yet discovered. However, the complete realization of Li–O2 batteries necessitates ambient air operations, which presents quite a few challenges, as carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) contaminants introduce unwanted byproducts from side reactions that greatly affect battery performance. Although current research has thoroughly explored the beneficial incorporation of CO2, much mystery remains over the inconsistent effects of H2O. The presence of water in both the cathode and electrolyte has been observed to alter reaction mechanisms differently, resulting in a diverse range of effects on voltage, capacity, and cyclability. Moreover, recent preliminary research with catalysts and redox mediators has attempted to utilize the presence of water to the battery's benefit. Here, the key mechanism discrepancies of water‐afflicted Li–O2 batteries are presented, concluding with a perspective on future research directions for nonaqueous Li–O2 batteries.
Zn‐Ion Hybrid Micro‐Supercapacitors with Ultrahigh Areal Energy Density and Long‐Term Durability
Authors: Zhang Panpan , Li Yang , Wang Gang , Wang Faxing , Yang Sheng , Zhu Feng , Zhuang Xiaodong , Schmidt Oliver G. , Feng Xinliang 
Published: November 2018

AbstractOn‐chip micro‐supercapacitors (MSCs), as promising power candidates for microdevices, typically exhibit high power density, large charge/discharge rates, and long cycling lifetimes. However, as for most reported MSCs, the unsatisfactory areal energy density (<10 µWh cm−2) still hinders their practical applications. Herein, a new‐type Zn‐ion hybrid MSC with ultrahigh areal energy density and long‐term durability is demonstrated. Benefiting from fast ion adsorption/desorption on the capacitor‐type activated‐carbon cathode and reversible Zn stripping/plating on the battery‐type electrodeposited Zn‐nanosheet anode, the fabricated Zn‐ion hybrid MSCs exhibit remarkable areal capacitance of 1297 mF cm−2 at 0.16 mA cm−2 (259.4 F g−1 at a current density of 0.05 A g−1), landmark areal energy density (115.4 µWh cm−2 at 0.16 mW cm−2), and a superb cycling stability without noticeable decay after 10 000 cycles. This work will inspire the fabrication and development of new high‐performance microenergy devices based on novel device design.
Diazo Compounds: Versatile Synthons for the Synthesis of Nitrogen Heterocycles via Transition Metal‐Catalyzed Cascade C–H Activation/Carbene Insertion/Annulation Reactions
Authors: Xiang Yunyu , Wang Cong , Ding Qiuping , Peng Yiyuan 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThis review covers some unique diazo compounds, the coupling partners to access various versatile functionalized nitrogen heterocycles, such as indoles, indolines, isoquinolines, isoquinolones, and so on. Different transition metals (such as Rh, Pd, Ru, Ir, Cu, and Co) are involved in these transformations, which involve consecutive processes: transition metal‐catalyzed cascade C–H activation/carbene insertion/intramolecular annulation.magnified image
The Use of Carbon Dioxide (CO2) as a Building Block in Organic Synthesis from an Industrial Perspective
Authors: Dabral Saumya , Schaub Thomas 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe use of carbon dioxide (CO2) as a building block in organic synthesis is a topic of high interest. We here reflect from an industrial perspective, which of the approaches may have the potential to be applied in the near future in industrial organic synthesis on a significant scale. Drawbacks to overcome and challenges to be addressed are also discussed in this critical review. This review focuses on systems providing a high atom‐efficiency and which could be competitive to other state‐of‐the art syntheses.magnified image
Homogeneous Iron Catalysts in the Reaction of Epoxides with Carbon Dioxide
Authors: Della Monica Francesco , Buonerba Antonio , Capacchione Carmine 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAmong the attempts to consolidate the so‐called circular economy, the conversion of carbon dioxide (CO2) into added‐value products has gained more and more attention during the last three decades. One of the feasible applications of CO2 as a C1 building block is its incorporation into cyclic organic carbonates (COCs) and aliphatic polycarbonates (APCs) by reaction with epoxides. A plethora of homogeneous catalytic systems has been reported to promote this reaction, based mainly on magnesium, aluminium, cobalt, chromium and zinc complexes. Despite the abundance and low toxicity of iron, only few examples of catalysts based on this metal had been reported until fifteen years ago, and relevant advances were made only during the last decade. This review seeks to cover this progress and to give a renewed impulse for further research into iron utilisation in this kind of catalysis.magnified image
Synthesis of 4‐(Iso)Quinolinyl‐3(2H)‐furanones from (Iso)Quinoline N‐oxides and 1,4‐Diyn‐3‐ones: A Comparison of Copper Catalysis and Metal‐free Reaction
Authors: Li Xuetong , Wang Tao , Zhang Zunting 
Published: November 2018

AbstractA facile synthesis of (iso)quinolinyl‐3(2H)‐furanones from (iso)quinoline N‐oxides and 1,4‐diyn‐3‐ones in the presence of copper catalyst or under metal‐free conditions was developed. The resulting (iso)quinolinyl‐3(2H)‐furanones could be easily converted to (iso)quinolinyl‐isoxazoles, pyrazoles and polycyclic (iso)quinoline derivatives. In addition, the success in one‐pot, metal‐free synthesis of isoquinolinyl‐3(2H)‐furanone starts from isoquinoline shows the capacity of this method for the metal‐free derivatization of pyridine, quinoline and isoquinoline.magnified image
Isolated Fe Single Atomic Sites Anchored on Highly Steady Hollow Graphene Nanospheres as an Efficient Electrocatalyst for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction
Authors: Qiu Xiaoyu , Yan Xiaohong , Pang Huan , Wang Jingchun , Sun Dongmei , Wei Shaohua , Xu Lin , Tang Yawen 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe rational design of economical and high‐performance nanocatalysts to substitute Pt for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is extremely desirable for the advancement of sustainable energy‐conversion devices. Isolated single atom (ISA) catalysts have sparked tremendous interests in electrocatalysis due to their maximized atom utilization efficiency. Nevertheless, the fabrication of ISA catalysts remains a grand challenge. Here, a template‐assisted approach is demonstrated to synthesize isolated Fe single atomic sites anchoring on graphene hollow nanospheres (denoted as Fe ISAs/GHSs) by using Fe phthalocyanine (FePc) as Fe precursor. The rigid planar macrocycle structure of FePc molecules and the steric‐hindrance effect of graphene nanospheres are responsible for the dispersion of Fe–N
x
species at an atomic level. The combination of atomically dispersed Fe active sites and highly steady hollow substrate affords the Fe ISAs/GHSs outstanding ORR performance with enhanced activity, long‐term stability, and better tolerance to methanol, SO2, and NO
x
in alkaline medium, outperforming the state‐of‐the‐art commercial Pt/C catalyst. This work highlights the great promises of cost‐effective Fe‐based ISA catalysts in electrocatalysis and provides a versatile strategy for the synthesis of other single metal atom catalysts with superior performance for diverse applications.
Neue Rollen für photoangeregtes Eosin Y in photochemischen Reaktionen
Authors: Yan Dong‐Mei , Chen Jia‐Rong , Xiao Wen‐Jing 
Published: November 2018

AbstractNeutrale angeregte Zustände von Eosin Y haben sich als nützliche Photosäuren sowie als Katalysatoren für den direkten Wasserstoffatomtransfer (“hydrogen atom transfer”, HAT) in der Aktivierung von Glykalen bzw. C‐H‐Bindungen erwiesen. Diese Untersuchungen ebenen den Weg für die weitere Verwendung von Eosin Y in der photochemischen Synthese.
Carbonylation of Alkyl Radicals Derived from Organosilicates through Visible‐Light Photoredox Catalysis
Authors: Cartier Alex , Levernier Etienne , Corcé Vincent , Fukuyama Takahide , Dhimane Anne‐Lise , Ollivier Cyril , Ryu Ilhyong , Fensterbank Louis 
Published: November 2018

AbstractPrimary, secondary, and tertiary alkyl radicals formed by the photocatalyzed oxidation of organosilicates underwent efficient carbonylation with carbon monoxide (CO) to give a variety of unsymmetrical ketones. This study introduces the possibility of radical carbonylation under a photooxidative regime.
A Hydrostable Cathode Material Based on the Layered P2@P3 Composite that Shows Redox Behavior for Copper in High‐Rate and Long‐Cycling Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Yan Zichao , Tang Liang , Huang Yangyang , Hua Weibo , Wang Yong , Liu Rong , Gu Qinfen , Indris Sylvio , Chou Shu‐Lei , Huang Yunhui , Wu Minghong , Dou Shi‐Xue 
Published: November 2018

AbstractLow‐cost layered oxides free of Ni and Co are considered to be the most promising cathode materials for future sodium‐ion batteries. Biphasic Na0.78Cu0.27Zn0.06Mn0.67O2 obtained via superficial atomic‐scale P3 intergrowth with P2 phase induced by Zn doping, consisting of inexpensive transition metals, is a promising cathode for sodium‐ion batteries. The P3 phase as a covering layer in this composite shows not only in excellent electrochemical performance but also its tolerance to moisture. The results indicate that partial Zn substitutes can effectively control biphase formation for improving the structural/electrochemical stability as well as the ionic diffusion coefficient. Based on in situ synchrotron X‐ray diffraction coupled with electron‐energy‐loss spectroscopy, a possible Cu2+/3+ redox reaction mechanism has now been revealed.
New Roles for Photoexcited Eosin Y in Photochemical Reactions
Authors: Yan Dong‐Mei , Chen Jia‐Rong , Xiao Wen‐Jing 
Published: November 2018

AbstractNeutral eosin Y‐derived photoexcited states have been found to serve as photoacids and direct hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) catalysts in the activation of glycals and C−H bonds, respectively. These studies pave the way for further use of eosin Y in photochemical synthesis.
Blue‐Light‐Induced Carbene‐Transfer Reactions of Diazoalkanes
Authors: Hommelsheim Renè , Guo Yujing , Yang Zhen , Empel Claire , Koenigs Rene M. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractCarbenes are very important reactive intermediates to access a variety of complex molecules and are applied widely in organic synthesis and drug discovery. Typically, their chemistry is accessed by the use of transition metal catalysts. Herein, we describe the application of low‐energy blue light for the photochemical generation of carbenes from donor–acceptor diazoalkanes. This catalyst‐free and operationally simple approach enables highly efficient cyclopropenation reactions with alkynes and the rearrangement of sulfides under mild reaction conditions, which can be utilized for both batch and continuous‐flow processes.
Facile Synthesis of Hierarchical Iron Phosphide/Biomass Carbon Composites for Binder‐Free Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Wu Hui , Li Xueying , Chen Lizhuang , Dan Yuanyuan 
Published: November 2018

AbstractSeeking a simple direct construction strategy for transition‐metal‐phosphide‐based composites as anodes for sodium‐ion batteries is attracting great attention for the development of high‐performance sodium‐ion batteries. In this work, we design iron phosphide nanosheets grown on a biomass carbon membrane by a facile electrodeposition method, followed by an annealing process. The biomass carbon membranes as three dimensional frameworks, possessing initial biological structures from Magnolia leaves, do not only improve the conductivity of the electrodes but also relieve iron phosphide aggregation during the charging‐discharging processes. The iron phosphide nanosheets could increase the accessible surface area for electrochemical reactions, further promoting the storage of sodium ions. Due to the unique structure of the iron phosphide nanosheets/biomass carbon membrane, the electrodes exhibit 500.9 mAh g−1 at a current density of 50 mA g−1 after 100 cycles. Even at a high current density of 500 mA g−1, the electrodes still retain 197 mAh g−1 after a long‐time test (500 cycles). These novel features make the composite a great potential anode material for binder‐free sodium‐ion batteries.
Phenolic Compounds and Allelopathic Potential of Fermented and Unfermented Wheat and Corn Straw Extracts
Authors: Đorđević Tijana , Sarić‐Krsmanović Marija , Gajić Umiljendić Jelena 
Published: November 2018

AbstractTotal phenolic (TPC) and flavonoid (TFC) content, individual phenolic compounds and antioxidant activities of methanol extracts of wheat and corn straw were determined. Germination bioassay was conducted with Abutilon theophrasti Medik., Asclepias syriaca L., and Chenopodium album L. seed. Samples were fermented by Lactobacillus plantarum and changes in TPC, TFC, antioxidant, and biological activity were investigated. TPC and TFC were significant in both samples and after fermentation their recovery was improved. All samples contain mainly quercetin, cinnamic acid, p‐coumaric acid, and ferulic acid. Fermentation changed the content of phenolic and flavonoid compounds, differently in each case. All tested extracts showed high DPPH activity with IC50 being significantly lower for fermented samples. FRAP activity was also high. Crude straw extracts were overall more effective than fermented ones concerning inhibition of germination and seedlings growth, mainly without statistically significant differences between wheat and corn. Compared with mesotrione, extracts were more effective in germination and seedling growth inhibition of C. album and in seedling growth inhibition of A. theophrasti.
Caution! You're approaching a gray zone: FFR outcomes and the role of CFR and IMR
Authors: Kern Morton J. , Seto Arnold H. 
Published: November 2018

Key Points
This study demonstrates that compared with low‐ fractional flow reserve (FFR) lesions (<0.75), those in the gray‐zone FFR (0.75–0.80) are less likely to have improvement or more likely to have impairment in flow after percutaneous coronary intervention.
The findings suggest index of microcirculatory resistance measurement may help identify lesions in the FFR gray zone that are most likely to improve.
The study reinforces that FFR measurements represent a continuum of ischemic values and that a single dichotomous threshold oversimplifies the answer to whether a lesion should be revascularized.
Which embolic protection device is ideal during carotid artery stenting?
Authors: Patel Nachiket J. , Heuser Richard R. 
Published: November 2018

Key Points

Embolic stroke is one of the main risks of carotid artery stenting.
The EMBOLDEN trial demonstrates the safety and efficacy of the Gore® embolic filter.
There is no clear evidence for the benefit of one filter‐type over another. It is important to choose the device with which the interventionalist has significant familiarity.