bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Energy Efficient Clustering and Routing Algorithm for WSN
Authors: Kumar Mohit , Mittal Sonu , Akhtar Amir K. 
Published: July 2019

:
This paper presents a novel Energy Efficient Clustering and Routing Algorithm (EECRA)
for WSN. It is a clustering-based algorithm that minimizes energy dissipation in wireless sensor
networks. The proposed algorithm takes into consideration energy conservation of the nodes through
its inherent architecture and load balancing technique. In the proposed algorithm the role of intercluster
transmission is not performed by gateways instead a chosen member node of respective cluster
is responsible for data forwarding to another cluster or directly to the sink. Our algorithm eases
out the load of the gateways by distributing the transmission load among chosen sensor node which
acts as a relay node for inter-cluster communication for that round. Grievous simulations show that
EECRA is better than PBCA and other algorithms in terms of energy consumption per round and
network lifetime.

Objective:
The objective of this research lies in its inherent architecture and load balancing technique.
The sole purpose of this clustering-based algorithm is that it minimizes energy dissipation in
wireless sensor networks.

Methods:
This algorithm is tested with 100 sensor nodes and 10 gateways deployed in the target area
of 300m × 300m. The round assumed in this simulation is same as in LEACH. The performance
metrics used for comparisons are (a) network lifetime of gateways and (b) energy consumption per
round by gateways. Our algorithm gives superior result compared to LBC, EELBCA and PBCA.

Results:
The simulation was performed on MATLAB version R2012b. The performance of EECRA
is compared with some existing algorithms like PBCA, EELBCA and LBCA. The comparative
analysis shows that the proposed algorithm outperforms the other existing algorithms in terms of
network lifetime and energy consumption.

Conclusion:
The novelty of this algorithm lies in the fact that the gateways are not responsible for
inter-cluster forwarding, instead some sensor nodes are chosen in every cluster based on some cost
function and they act as a relay node for data forwarding. Note the algorithm does not address the
hot-spot problem. Our next endeavor will be to design an algorithm with consideration of hot-spot
problem.
Graph-Based Application Partitioning Approach for Computational Offloading in Mobile Cloud Computing
Authors: Mathur Robin P. , Sharma Manmohan 
Published: July 2019

Background:
Computational offloading is emerging as a popular field in Mobile Cloud Computing
(MCC). Modern applications are power and compute-intensive which leads to the energy, storage and
processing issues in mobile devices. Using the offloading concept, a mobile device can offload its computation
to the cloud servers and receives back the results on the device.

Objective:
The main objective of the work is to provide a solution of an important question that arises in
the offloading scenario is that which part of the application needs to be offloaded remotely and which part
would run locally.

Methods:
In order to identify remote and local code, the application needs to be partitioned. In this paper,
the graph partitioning approach is considered which is based upon the spectral graph partitioning with the
Kernighan Lin algorithm. An application is assumed to be a graph and each node of the graph is assumed
as a method.

Results:
Experimental results show that the proposed hybrid approach performs optimally in partitioning the
application. The results indicate that considering the combination of spectral approach with the Kernighan Lin
algorithm performs optimally as compared to random and multilevel partitioning in a mobile cloud scenario.

Conclusion:
The proposed technique gave better results than the existing techniques in terms of edge cut
which is less, concluding minimum communication cost among components and thus save energy of the
mobile device.
An Optimized Classification of Apps Reviews for Improving Requirement Engineering
Authors: Bhatia M.P.S. , Kumar Akshi , Beniwal Rohit 
Published: July 2019

Background:
The App Stores, for example, Google Play and Apple Play Store provide a
platform that allows users to provide feedback on the apps in the form of reviews. An app review
typically includes star rating followed by a comment. Recent studies have shown that these reviews
possess a vital source of information that can be used by the app developers and the vendors for
improving the future versions of an app. However, in most of the cases, these reviews are present in
unstructured form and extracting useful information from them requires a great effort.

Objective:
This article provides an optimized classification approach that automatically classifies the
reviews into a bug report, feature request, and shortcoming & improvement request relevant to
Requirement Engineering.

Method:
Our methodology merges three techniques, namely (1) Text Analysis, (2) Natural Language Processing, and (3) Sentiment Analysis to extract features set, which is then used to automatically classify app reviews into their relevant categories.

Results:
Result shows that we achieved best results with precision of 67.8 % and recall of 41.5 % with Logistic Regression Machine Learning technique, which we further optimized with PSO nature-inspired algorithm, i.e., with Logistic Regression + PSO, thus, resulting in a precision of 74.4 % and recall of 45.0 %.

Conclusion:
This optimized automatic classification improves the Requirement Engineering where developer straightforwardly knows what to improve further in the concerned app.
Inhalation Insufflation Technique with Local Anaesthetic Spray without Intubation and Opioids for Paediatric Upper Airway Surgery - Observational Case Series Study
Authors: Kadam Vasanth Rao 
Published: July 2019

Background:
Anaesthetic management of upper airway surgery in paediatric is challenging. Total intravenous anaesthesia with opioid or inhalation technique with spontaneous respiration has been used but studies are limited on inhalation technique. This study aimed to use tubeless inhalation insufflation technique without opioids at a tertiary centre.

Methods:
All paediatric patients coming for elective upper airway surgery to the centre, were included. Mask induction was with 5-8% sevoflurane in O2 and maintenance with 2-3%, via a nasopharyngeally placed Endotracheal Tube (ETT) or catheter on spontaneous ventilation with flow between 8-10 l/min. Lidocaine up to 5 mg/kg was then sprayed to the mucosa of larynx and trachea. Once adequate depth was attained, suspension laryngoscope was placed by a surgeon for surgery. Some complications were observed i.e inadequate anaesthesia requiring rescue drugs like opioids or propofol, intubation, desaturation events from laryngospasm and delayed recovery. Surgical technique involved was diagnostic and therapeutic for the upper airway lesions.

Results:
Fifteen paediatric patients (2 months to 7 yrs) were included in the study with tubeless anaesthesia. None of them required intubation during the procedure. The mean time from induction of anaesthesia to unconsciousness was 15 ± 3 s and attainment of necessary anaesthetic depth for surgery was 4.7 ± 0.90 min. None had desaturation events or required opioids. However, propofol was required in one and delayed anaesthetic recovery was observed in one patient.

Conclusion:
This study on tubeless anaesthesia with Local Anaesthetic (LA) spray with spontaneous inhalation insufflation technique provided an opioid-free, interference-free operative field without airway compromise, not requiring intubation, therefore, further studies are required.
POSSIBILITIES OF INTEGRATED CONTROL OF ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL CHARACTERISTICS OF BUILDING STRUCTURES AT THE RESEARCH BENCH
Authors: Karpov D. F. , Sinitsyn A. A. 
Published: July 2019

Objectives. The current topical issues of energy and environmental safety of construction sites and the air-conditioning systems that serve them are identified and analyzed.Method. Using thermal methods and means of controlling heat and power parameters in transitional conditions of energy supply and removal in the system “energy source - energy receiver”, the possibility of identifying its power and flow characteristics that determine and form the processes and modes reflecting the basic quantitative and qualitative levels of current energy transformations.Result. Options have been proposed to solve this problem through the integrated monitoring of some energy-ecological characteristics of the building structures of buildings and structures at the laboratory-experimental research stand “energy source - energy receiver”. The algorithm for identification of thermodynamic forces, flows, properties, changes and reproduction of entropy in the system “energy source - energy receiver”, a functional model and hierarchical representation of a three-level open thermodynamic system “energy source - energy receiver” are presented, some calculated results -experimental determination of the eco-energy characteristics of a fragment of the building envelope by the example of a brick wall.Conclusion. It has been suggested and proved that the experience of joint use of the laws of nonequilibrium and phenomenological thermodynamics for research and modeling of nonequilibrium thermodynamic processes occurring in systems of various kinds, allows you to control their ecological state and increases the accuracy of forecasting costs and rational use of energy resources.
THE IMPACT OF LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS COMPOSITION AND TECHNOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE STARTING STORAGE OF THE EQUIPMENT AT THE TIME OF OCCURRENCE OF THE PHENOMENON OF ROLLOVER
Authors: Khuramshina R. A. , Yamalov A. I. 
Published: July 2019

Objectives. Ways to prevent the onset of rollover in the liquefied natural gas storage.Method. The article deals with modern methods of mathematical modeling and software when solving problems in a nonlinear formulation. A regulatory analysis of existing methods of LNG transportation has been carried out.Result. Using the mathematical program ANSYS, the rollover process in the liquefied natural gas storage was modeled. In the ANSYS software package, 3d modeling of the process of heat and mass transfer of the stratified liquid in the liquefied natural gas storage was performed. When simulating a rollover phenomenon, the time to its occurrence was 30 minutes, which differs from the experimental value by 1.7%. Based on the results of the calculations, it can be determined that the time to the onset of rollover depends on the concentration of the component layers, on the filling and geometry of the reservoir. These factors lead to an increase in evaporation of liquefied natural gas of 0.04%.Conclusion. The method of numerical experiment allows to determine the distribution of pressure, temperature, density, concentration in the object under study, without resorting to real experiments. The use of the ANSYS software package of computational fluid dynamics in the process of heat and mass transfer of the stratified liquid in the liquefied natural gas storage is necessary when calculating the increased accuracy.
MODEL OF THE PROCESS OF FUNCTIONING OF THE INFORMATION PROTECTION SYSTEM FROM UNAUTHORIZED ACCESS CREATED IN THE SOFTWARE ENVIRONMENT OF IMITATION MODELING "CPN TOOLS"
Authors: Bokova O. I. , Drovnikov I. G. , Popov A. D. , Rogozin E. A. 
Published: July 2019

Objectives. At present, conducting a computational experiment on a system for protecting information from unauthorized access operated in an automated system is a time consuming process. The greatest difficulty in this area of research is the determination of probabilistic-temporal characteristics and the formation of reports during the operation of the information protection system. In order to analyze, obtain and study the probabilistic-time characteristics of this system, it is necessary to develop a mathematical model of its operation using an imitational modeling tool.Method.One of the methods for solving this problem is a computational experiment, which is based on the construction of a simulation model. The CPN Tools environment was chosen as a software simulation product, the main advantages of which are: a high level of visualization, the ability to generate various reports on the system operation, fast modifiability of models for solving a different class of problems, as well as integration with other software means for the formation of graphical dependencies.Result.A simulation model of the system for protecting information from unauthorized access in the “CPN Tools” software environment was developed. protected performance.Conclusion.The presented im-model model of protecting information from unauthorized access in the software environment “CPN Tools” can be used as a tool in assessing the security of special bodies for the attestation of informatization objects and structural divisions of authorized departments. It can also be used in the design of such systems in order to prevent logical errors, determine their temporal characteristics and compare with the existing ones in accordance with the technical specifications for the system being developed to protect information from unauthorized access.
Porang flour with and without soaking of keji beling extract increased ureum level on toxicity test
Authors: Astuti Ratna Dwi , Prastowo Agus , Aprilia Veriani 
Published: July 2019

<p><strong>Background</strong>: The porang tuber (<em>Amorphophallus oncophyllus</em>) is a functional food containing glucomannan that has many advantages in health. However, porang flour can not be consumed, because the high content of calcium oxalate that have the risk on kidney disease. It can be reduced by physical or chemical treatment. Keji beling (<em>Strobilanthes crispa </em>L. Blume<em>)</em> has been proved for its function in dissolving the calcium oxalate, but its uses in decreasing of calcium oxalate has not been studied yet.</p><p><strong>Objectives</strong>: To evaluate the effect of porang flour on ureum levels of wistar rat blood in acute toxicity test.<strong></strong></p><p><strong>Methods</strong>: The research was experimental with pre and post without control group design. The samples were 20 female Wistar rats, aged 8-10 weeks with body weight of 100-180 grams. Rats were divided into 4 groups of treatment those were native porang with the dose of 2000, 5000 mg/kg of body weight, porang flour with soaking of extract at the dose 2000 and 5000 mg/kg of body weight. Porang was incorporated orally into the mouth of rats after 18 hours of adaptation. At the 24<sup>th</sup> and 72<sup>nd</sup> hours after treatment, the bloods were collected and analyzed for their ureum levels.</p><p><strong>Results</strong>: The statistical test showed that there was an effect of porang flour with and without soaking of keji beling extract before and after treatment on ureum level at the dose of 2000 and 5000 mg/kg body weight, however there was no significant difference ureum level of the same dose at 24<sup>th</sup> or 72<sup>nd</sup> hours, except on the dose of 2000 mg / kg weight at the 72<sup>nd</sup> hour. Results of observation between the 24<sup>th</sup> hour compared to the 72<sup>nd</sup> hour showed that there was no significant difference of urea value (p&gt; 0.05). Increased levels of ureum was influenced by the calcium oxalate content contained in porang flour. In TPM, ureum level was higher than that in TPK.</p><p><strong>Conclusions</strong> : The increase in urea levels was still in normal range, therefore porang flour is still safe for consumption.</p><div class="WordSection1"><p><strong>KEYWORDS</strong>: acute toxicity, porang flour, urea, keji beling</p></div>
THE COMBINATION OF EXERCISE AND ASCORBIC ACID DECREASE BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVEL AND TEND TO AMELIORATE PANCREATIC ISLETS AREA ON HIGH CARBOHYDRATE DIET RATS
Authors: HERAWATI LILIK , LUKITASARI LINA , RIMBUN RIMBUN , PURWANTO BAMBANG , SARI GADIS MEINAR 
Published: July 2019

Objective: This study is conducted to determine the protective effects of physical exercise and ascorbic acid on increasing blood glucose (BG) levels and islet pancreatic area in high-carbohydrate (HC) diet rats.
Methods: A total of 20 rats were divided into four groups: Control group which was a HC and treatment groups which were HC plus exercise (HCEx), HC plus ascorbic acid (HCAs), and HCEx and ascorbic acid (HCExAs). The duration of treatment was 9 weeks. Swimming to exercise held 6 times a week and ascorbic acid dose was 9 mg.
Results: It showed that the smallest body weight was HCEx group. BG difference (before and after treatment = BG diff) had a significant difference (p=0.021) among groups, and the lowest level of BG diff was HCEx group. HCAs had the biggest BG diff. However, there was no significantly difference among groups on islet pancreatic area, but HC group had the largest area.
Conclusion: This study suggests that a combination of exercise and ascorbic acid on HC diet subject may regulate BG level compared to the exercise or ascorbic acid alone. However, they do not influence pancreatic islet area.
THE OPINION OF THERAPISTS AND SPECIALIZED DOCTORS ON THE PROVISION OF MEDICAL ASSISTANCE OF PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES IN POLYCLINICS IN ALMATY
Authors: TAZHIYEVA AYGUL , REZNIK VITALY , ABYLAYULY ZHAN , KUTTYKOZHAYEVA GULZHANAT 
Published: July 2019

Objective: The objective of this research was to study the opinion of therapists and highly specialized doctors (cardiologist, neuropathologist, and oculist) in Almaty polyclinics on the provision of endocrinological care for patients with type 2 diabetes.
Methods: The sociological study was conducted on the basis of a specially developed questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of 23 questions. The database was created in the Microsoft Access 2010 program. Statistical processing of data was carried out using the SPSS 22.0 software package. The average relative values have been calculated with the value of their standard error.
Results: Most patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus are observed in primary health care by therapists and endocrinologists. According to 86.7%of therapists, the number of patients with diabetes exceeds the number of registered patients and the determination of blood glucose level in the daily practice of therapists will reveal a large part of them. Most of the interviewed doctors believe that they have difficulties in servicing patients due to the presence of concomitant disease in patients, low adherence of patients, and a narrow choice of drugs for treatment. According to the opinion of doctors of different specialties (endocrinologists, cardiologists, neurologists, and oculists), when examining patients with type 2 diabetes, complications from the cardiovascular system, nervous system, and organ of vision are identified.
Conclusion: The organization of outpatient care for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus should be interrelated by therapists and cardiologists, neurologists, and ophthalmologists. It should be based on continuity and interdisciplinary approach and is aimed to ensure patient satisfaction with the quality of care and adherence to treatment and to improve the quality of life.
TAROK CITY SEBAGAI KAWASAN PENDIDIKAN TERPADU (KPT) (STUDI ANALISIS KESIAPAN MASYARAKAT NAGARI DALAM PEMBANGUNAN KPT)
Authors: Hidayat Muhammad 
Published: July 2019

Perencanaan kawasan pendidikan terpadu ini oleh Bupati Pariaman, dengan lembaga yang terkait pembangunan kawasan pendidikan terpadu adalah salah satu usaha pembangunan strategis bertujuan untuk kesejahteraan ekonomi masyarakat dan pembangunan di bidang pendidikan. Pada kawasan Tarok City akan dibangun sejumlah pembangunan pendidikan; Kampus UNP sekitar 150 hektar, politeknik UNAND seluas 40 hektar, ISI Padang Panjang seluas 40 hektar, UIN Imam Bonjol Padang, Gedung Diklat LAN, dan Rumah Sakit vertikal. Stetegisnya kawasan ini yang berada di pinggir jalan lintas Padang-Bukittinggi tidak luput dari banyaknya demonstarsi masyarakat terhadap pembangunan kawasan ini. Rencana ini masih menyimpan banyak persoalan; diantaranya adanya ketidak setujuan masyarakat terhadap pembangunan tersebut, tudahan terhadap perebutan lahan tanah ulayat dan penggantian rugi lahan mayarakat yang tidak sesuai dan lainnya. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan adanya demonstrasi masyarakat Tarok City semenjak Bulan Mei 2017 hingga September 2017 di depan kantor Bupati Pariaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kesiapan Kelembagaan masyarakat dalam mengahadapi pembangunan Kawasan Pendidikan Terpadu diantaranya adalah yang meliputi tiga aspek pengetahuan, sikap dan respon dari lembaga masyarakat nagari Kapalo Hilalang mengahadapi Kawasan Pendidikan Terpadu (KPT). Masalah kajian ini adalah: Bagaimana respon lembaga masyarakat di kawasan Tarok City terhadap inovasi pembangunan yang akan dilaksanakan?. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menemukan jawaban tentang respon lembaga masyarakat di kawasan Tarok City terhadap inovasi pembangunan yang akan dilaksanakan.
Metode penelitian ini adalah diskriptif kualitatif dengan cara observasi dan wawancara pada kelembagaan masyarakat Nagari Kapalo Ilalang seperti KAN, Nagari, Bundo Kanduang dan Kepemudaan yang berada di kawasan KPT. Analisa data penelitian ini menggunakan teknik trianggulasi data untuk menemukan validitas dan reabilitas data penelitian.Pendekatan teori yang digunakan dalam kajian ini adalah pendeatan difusi inovasi sebagai proses sosial yang mengkomunikasikan informasi tentang ide baru yang dipandang secara subyektif. Ada 5 tahapan yang berkembang dalam difusi inovasi: (1) tahapan pengetahuan, (2) Pengambilan Keputusan, (3) Pelaksanaa/ Implementasi, (4) Konfirmasi.
Hasil penelitian ini memberikan gambaran respon lembaga masyarakat di lapangan terhadap Inovasi pembangunan yang sedang dilaksanakan. Sebagai kajian yang bersifat pembangunan yang top down, maka sangat strategis melihat respon lembaga masyarakat kebanyakan terutama lembaga adat.