bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Respon Imun Non-spesifik Ikan Tawes (Barbonymus gonionotus) melalui Suplementasi β-glucan dan Efektivitasnya terhadap Ikan Mas (Cyprinus carpio)
Authors: Purbomartono Cahyono , Prihandoko Arief , Mulia Dini Siswani , Wakhudin Wakhudin , Widjarnako Beny 
Published: November 2024

Ikan tawes (Barbonymus gonionotus) merupakan jenis ikan herbivora yang masih berpotensi dikembangkan. Pakan ikan jenis herbivora dapat berasal dari tumbuhan dan turunanya seperti daun talas, ampas tahu dan dedak halus yang banyak terdapat di masyarakat. Bahan baku lokal tersebut bisa dibuat pakan buatan sendiri sebagai substitusi pakan pabrikan (pellet) yang harganya cukup mahal. Sedangkan untuk meningkatkan imunitas diberikan imunostimulan yang berasal dari ekstraksi ragi roti Saccharomyces cerevisiae sebagai β-glucan yang diketahui dapat meningkatkan imunitas ikan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui tingkat efektivitas pemberian diet suplemen β-glucan terhadap imunitas non-spesifik ikan tawes dan ikan mas. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan β-glucan dicampur kedalam pakan masing-masing dengan dosis 2,5; 5; 7,5 dan 10 g kg-1 pakan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan β-glucan lebih efektif diterapkan pada budidaya ikan tawes yang ditandai dengan besarnya nilai persentase monosit dan neutrofil serta nilai aktivitas aglutinasi dibanding ikan mas. Sedangkan ikan mas hanya unggul pada parameter aktivitas fagositosis dibanding ikan tawes. Hal ini menunjukkan β-glucan dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan imunitas pada budidaya ikan, namun efektivitasnya lebih baik pada ikan tawes dibanding ikan mas.
PRODUKTIVITAS SERASAH MANGROVE DI DESA POPALO GORONTALO UTARA
Authors: Puspaningrum Dian , Ruruh Alexander , Imran Aprialdi Agus 
Published: November 2024

Popalo Village is located in Anggrek Sub-district, one of the sub-districts administratively located in Gorontalo Utara Regency, and has a mangrove area of 51.08 hectares. Some conditions of mangrove areas in Popalo Village have changed land use into ponds by the community; this has led to concerns about a decrease in the function and role of mangrove areas as nutrient converters. This study was conducted to determine the productivity and decomposition rate of litter of each component, including leaves, twigs, fruits, and flowers in mangrove vegetation, and the percentage of mangrove litter decomposition. The research method was sampling using litter traps with observation time every 15, 30, 45, and 60 days. The analysis carried out was to calculate the productivity of mangrove leaf, twig, fruit, and flower litter—the decomposition rate and percentage of litter decomposition of each mangrove component. The results showed that litter productivity in each part of the mangrove plant, namely leaves, twigs, flowers, and fruit that became the research sample, experienced a downward trend during the 60 days of observation, while the results of the percentage of decomposition showed a fluctuating trend. This condition is caused by several environmental factors essential to decomposing litter. Influencing factors include temperature at the research site, seawater salinity, daily tides, and the activity of microorganisms in the soil that support the decomposition process.
EXPECTATIVAS E INCERTIDUMBRE Y SUS RELACIONES CON INDICADORES DE SALUD MENTAL EN ADOLESCENTES DE LIMA METROPOLITANA
Authors: MATOS-RAMÍREZ Patricia , SÁNCHEZ-CARLESSI Héctor , REYES-ROMERO Carlos , PALACIOS-GIL Renzo 
Published: November 2024

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo identificar de que manera los niveles de expectativas e incertidumbre están relacionados con los principales indicadores de salud mental en adolescentes de Lima; como instrumentos de recogida de datos se utilizó una escala de Expectativas, una escala de Incertidumbre y los indicadores de estrés, ansiedad, y depresióndel Inventario de Desajuste del Comportamiento Psicosocial (INDACPS, 2021). El estudio descriptivo logró identificar un nivel alto para la escala de expectativas y un nivel moderado para las escalas de incertidumbre, estrés, ansiedad y estrés. Por otro lado, las correlaciones se evaluaron mediante el coeficiente de correlación de Spearman, hallándose una relación significativa e inversa en un grado bajo entre la escala de expectativas con los niveles de estrés, ansiedad y depresión y con la escala de incertidumbre, correlacionó en un nivel alto con las escalas de estrés, ansiedad y depresión, corroborándose en gran parte las hipótesis planteadas.
Preoperative predictors of biochemical remission in somatotroph adenoma resections: a single-institution retrospective review
Authors: Osorio Robert C. , Kabir Aymen , Haddad Alexander F. , Badani Aarav , Khela Harmon , Saha Atul , Juncker Ryan , Peeran Zain , Theodosopoulos Philip , Kunwar Sandeep , Gurrola Jose , El-Sayed Ivan H. , Blevins Lewis , Aghi Manish K. 
Published: November 2024

OBJECTIVE
There is persistent debate in the literature surrounding the true predictors of biochemical remission after resection of somatotroph adenoma. A multimodal analysis of a large number of patients is needed to better understand which patients may be at higher or lower risk for remission failure after surgery.

METHODS
A retrospective review was performed on patients undergoing somatotroph adenoma resection. Biochemical remission was defined as age- and sex-adjusted normalization of serum insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1) levels at least 6 months after surgery. Patient case characteristics and clinicopathologic variables were tested for statistical associations with remission and were included in a random forest machine learning model to assess for their importance in determining remission status. Preoperative variables found to be significant remission predictors on statistical testing and important in the random forest model were subsequently assessed via receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis to determine numeric thresholds that optimally predicted preoperative likelihood of remission success or failure.

RESULTS
Eighty patients were identified with somatotroph adenoma who underwent transsphenoidal resection, with 60 patients (75%) achieving biochemical remission. Statistical testing found that patients with failed remission were more likely to have larger tumors (1.9 vs 1.6 cm by the largest axis, p = 0.014; and 3.61 vs 2.66 cm3 by 3D volume, p = 0.013) that invaded the cavernous sinus more frequently (70% vs 22% of patients, p < 0.001) and have higher preoperative IGF-1 level (860 vs 660 ng/ml, p = 0.044). An optimized random forest machine learning model with 10,000 iterations found that tumor size, preoperative growth hormone and IGF-1 levels, and cavernous sinus invasion were important preoperative predictors of remission status. ROC analysis revealed that 96% of patients with preoperative 3D tumor volume less than 1.51 cm3 (area under the curve [AUC] 0.691, p = 0.003) and 100% with nonadjusted preoperative IGF-1 level less than 718.5 ng/ml (AUC 0.736, p = 0.002) achieved remission.

CONCLUSIONS
Important preoperative predictors of postoperative remission for somatotroph adenoma resection include serum IGF-1 level, cavernous sinus invasion, and tumor size. Ninety-five percent of patients who achieved postoperative remission had preoperative 3D tumor volume less than 1.51 cm3.
Upper instrumented vertebra pedicle screw loosening following adult spinal deformity surgery: incidence and outcome analysis
Authors: Arena John D. , Ghenbot Yohannes , Wathen Connor A. , Santangelo Gabrielle , Dagli Mert Marcel , Golubovsky Joshua L. , Gu Ben J. , Macaluso Dominick , Malhotra Neil R. , Ali Zarina S. , Yoon Jang W. , Welch William C. , Arlet Vincent , Ozturk Ali K. 
Published: November 2024

OBJECTIVE
Surgical correction of adult spinal deformity (ASD) is associated with a high rate of hardware complication that can be challenging to predict. Hardware integrity and alignment after surgery are typically followed with standing radiography, where pedicle screw loosening may be incidentally identified but the clinical significance of which is often unclear. This study aimed to identify the incidence and implications of pedicle screw loosening at the upper instrumented vertebra (UIV) after surgical correction of ASD.

METHODS
A single-institution retrospective analysis was performed on a cohort of 217 patients who underwent long-segment fusion with pelvic fixation for correction of ASD between September 2013 and November 2021. Cases with a minimum 1-year follow-up were included. UIV pedicle screws were graded on radiographs for evidence of loosening with a 0- to 3-point scale: 0, no loosening; 1, lucency within screw threads; 2, lucency around screw threads; and 3, screw dislodgment/backout. Need for hardware revision surgery was assessed as the primary outcome. Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMIS and Oswestry Disability Index scores) were assessed as secondary outcomes among the patients with available scores.

RESULTS
Low-grade UIV screw loosening (grade 1) was identified in 37 patients (17.1%), and high-grade UIV loosening (grade 2 or 3) was identified in 23 patients (10.6%). Low-grade UIV loosening was not associated with eventual need for hardware revision (OR 0.52, 95% CI 0.17–1.61, p = 0.258); however, high-grade loosening was associated with increased odds of hardware revision (OR 5.17, 95% CI 1.74–15.36, p = 0.003), including specifically surgery for correction of proximal junctional kyphosis (OR 5.73, 95% CI 1.27–25.95, p = 0.024). Among patients with PROMIS T-scores, those requiring hardware revision reported worse Pain Interference (65.0 ± 5.1 vs 59.6 ± 7.7, p = 0.001) and Physical Function (33.3 ± 5.6 vs 37.4 ± 7.4; p = 0.011). Patients with high-grade UIV loosening reported higher Oswestry Disability Index scores than those without high-grade loosening (grade 0 or 1), although this failed to reach statistical significance (44.0 ± 8.5 vs 33.7 ± 18.5, p = 0.101).

CONCLUSIONS
Grade 1 UIV pedicle screw loosening may represent a benign incidental finding, whereas high-grade loosening is associated with significantly increased odds of hardware revision surgery. High-grade loosening may also be associated with worse patient-reported disability. The authors’ findings suggest that while low-grade UIV loosening may often be managed expectantly, identification of high-grade UIV pedicle screw loosening on follow-up imaging warrants increased attention and continued surveillance.
The Roots and Vaccine of the City
Authors: Nyole Annabel , Randall Daphne , Saruni Naserian 
Published: November 2024

As cities in Africa confront a constellation of systemic vulnerabilities, the narrative is often one of despair and decay. Yet, this overlooks a vital lifeline: the city’s youth, who serve both as the roots that nourish and the vaccine that heals. Like roots nourishing trees, African youth serve as transformative agents, shaping the future of urban living across economic, social, mental, physical, digital, and educational spheres. Through active engagement in public spaces, they unlock and administer the antidote to systemic urban challenges.This study uses empirical data to highlight youth-led public space initiatives in Nairobi, Kenya, Kampala, Uganda, Freetown, Sierra Leone and Harare, Zimbabwe, revitalising local economies via urban farming and income diversification. As stewards of green spaces, they enhance urban vitality, social connections, and well-being. Notably, the youth expand their influence into the digital sphere, advocating for internet access in public spaces as a fundamental socio-economic right. This stance aligns with Reglitz’s (2020) view on online access as essential for human rights. Within this narrative lies the principle of adaptive governance, transitioning from merely including youth as beneficiaries to youth-led decision-making.This photo essay elucidates these dual roles, highlighting how African youth are both the roots that sustain and nourish and the vaccine that heals and rejuvenates the cities. It serves as a clarion call for a paradigm shift in how we approach planning for public spaces and governance. The message is clear: the solutions to our most pressing urban challenges reside within our cities, activated, and administered through the untapped potential of youth in public spaces.
Towards Hope As Practice
Authors: Sharma Natasha , Alexander Sandra 
Published: November 2024

Low-income neighbourhoods in our cities are often poorly-planned spaces that exacerbate socioeconomic disparities their residents face. These inequities also impact their health, especially communities in the Global South who are vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. One such example of an inadequately planned rehabilitation neighbourhood is Natwar Parekh in Mumbai’s Govandi. Over 25, 000 former slum dwellers - the population of a tier 3 city - have been crammed into 61 seven-storey buildings, with 80% homes having little to no access to sunlight or ventilation. The area is flanked by Asia’s largest landfill and polluting industries, creating an unhealthy environment with poor air quality and contamination. Tuberculosis and other diseases are on the rise here and the average life expectancy is just 39 years, almost half the national average. Govandi is ghettoised and neglected by the rest of Mumbai. Children who grew up here hesitate to mention their address because of the stigma attached to living here. Burdened by this shame and loss, Govandi’s youth came together seven years ago to work with a group of artists and urban practitioners from Community Design Agency (CDA), a social design organisation, to reimagine their neighbourhood. Together, they have redesigned garbage-filled alleyways into accessible streets, painted vibrant murals, and held the first-ever Govandi Arts Festival that allowed them to redefine their narratives of the place they call home. These initiatives have brought the community closer, made them more resilient, and even prompted spatial improvements by city authorities who were forced to turn their gaze here. This essay explores the interlinkages between spatial improvements via arts and placemaking initiatives and their effects on the physical and emotional well-being of Govandi’s youth. Urban practitioners Natasha Sharma and Sandra Alexander from CDA explore methodologies for regenerative place-making in this vulnerable neighbourhood.
Case Study in Girl-led Placemaking
Authors: Tun Lwin Swan Yee 
Published: November 2024

The Mya Malar community park in Yangon, Myanmar, is an innovative, girl-led placemaking project that stands as a noteworthy case study demonstrating the impact of youth engagement and participatory design on their health and well-being. Completed in 2018 as part of the SPRING Accelerator Program, the project was spearheaded by 15 local girls aged 13 to 18 in collaboration with the community under the guidance of Doh Eain, a local multidisciplinary participatory design practice. Like many societies, girls in Myanmar face significant challenges in accessing and utilising public spaces, often grappling with concerns for their safety and a sense of exclusion from the communal environments. Rather than resorting to the default solution of restricting them to their homes, the Mya Malar project deliberately positioned the girls at the helm of the initiative enabling them to be a key part of the entire process from brainstorming to implementation. The project’s significance is further underscored by its contribution to altering the prevailing dynamics of community representation in Yangon. Traditionally dominated by affluent Bamar Buddhist males, the Mya Malar park represented a crucial departure, offering a unique platform for young girls to shape their surroundings by actively navigating the complexities of city systems and participating in urban governance in a city characterised by limited opportunities for youth involvement. The positive outcomes of the project encompassed improvements in the health and well-being of the local youth. By creating a gender-equitable environment, the space promoted an active lifestyle and nurtured social cohesion within the community for a wider demographic, while fostering the soft skills and interpersonal competencies of the participating girls. Its successful amalgamation of social inclusivity, youth civic engagement, and participatory design serves as a testament to the transformative potential of collaborating with youths to shape sustainable and empowering urban environments.
Smart Screening Ulkus Diabetik
Authors: Merdekawati Diah , Astuti Ani , Kurniawati Eti , Azzahira S Nyimas Putri , Permadita Shelly Putri 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRAK Semakin banyak penyandang diabetes mellitus, semaikn besar angka kejadian ulkus. Puskesmas Simpang Kawat Kota Jambi adalah salah satu Puskesmas yang memiliki peningkatan jumlah penderita diabetes mellitus. Menjadi tugas penting bagi petugas kesehatan serta kader Posyandu dalam mencegah terjadinya peningkatan angka kejadian ulkus diabetik. Tujuan pelatihan smart screening yaitu meningkatkan kompetensi kader posyandu lansia dalam menilai resiko ulkus pada penyandang diabetes mellitus. Kegiatan diawali dengan pemberian materi tentang diabetes mellitus dan skrining ulkus diabetik serta pengenalan dan penggunaan aplikasi smart screening ulkus diabetik. Terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan dan keterampilan pada peserta tentang skrining ulkus diabetik baik secara manual maupun dengan aplikasi. Kata Kunci: Smart Screening, Ulkus Diabetik ABSTRACT The more people with diabetes, the greater the risk of developing diabetic ulcers. Simpang Kawat Health Center, Jambi City is one of the health centers that has an increasing number of diabetes mellitus sufferers. It is an important task for health workers and posyandu cadres to prevent an increase in the incidence of diabetic ulcers. The aim of this smart screening training is to increase the knowledge and skills of elderly posyandu cadres in assessing the risk of ulcers in people with diabetes mellitus. The activity began with providing material about diabetes mellitus and diabetic ulcer screening as well as the introduction and use of the diabetic ulcer smart screening application. There was an increase in participants' knowledge and skills regarding diabetic ulcer screening both manually and with applications. Keywords: Smart Screening, Ulcus Diabetic
Peningkatan Self Efficacy Lansia dalam Menghadapi Bencana Melalui Edukasi dan Simulasi dengan Media Booklet Kesiapsiagaan Bencana
Authors: Sitohang Tiur Romatua , Yusniar Yusniar 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRAK Pentingnya kesadaran dari masyarakat untuk dapat ikut serta dalam upaya penanggulangan bencana secara non fisik sangat dibutuhkan. Sehingga perlu ada suatu pemahaman dari masyarakat tentang cara-cara menghadapi risiko bencana yang sewaktu-waktu dapat mengancam keselamatan mereka yang dapat diberikan melalui peningkatan self efficacy masyarakat. Penilaian individu terhadap kemampuannya dalam melaksanakan tugas dapat mempengaruhi kesiapsiagaan terhadap bencana. Self efficacy individu yang mempunyai keyakinan dan kemampuan untuk bertindak atau mengendalikan situasi jika terjadi bencana. Pengabdian kepada masyarakat dilakukan dalam bentuk edukasi dan simulasi pada lansia berjumlah 40 orang. Tujuan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat ini adalah untuk mewujudkan pengabdian kepada masyarakat sebagai salah satu kegiatan Tri Darma Perguruan Tinggi dan meningkatkan Self Efficacy Lansia Dalam Menghadapi Bencana Melalui Edukasi Dengan Media Booklet Kesiapsiagaan Bencana. Dari hasil evaluasi diperoleh 97,5 % lansia memiliki self efficacy positif. Diharapakan kepada lansia dapat meningkatkan agar dapat menunjang upaya kesiapsiagaan bencana dengan maksimal, sehingga berbagai dampak yang ditimbulkan dari bencana dapat dicegah atau diminimalisir Kata Kunci: Self Efficacy, Edukasi, Kesiapsiagaan, Lansia ABSTRACT The importance of public awareness to be able to participate in non-physical disaster management efforts is very much needed. So there needs to be an understanding from the community about ways to deal with disaster risks which at any time can threaten their safety which can be provided through increasing community self-efficacy. An individual's assessment of their ability to carry out their duties can influence disaster preparedness. Self-efficacy is an individual who has the confidence and ability to act or control the situation if a disaster occurs. Community service was carried out in the form of education and simulation for 40 elderly people. The aim of this Community Service is to realize community service as one of the Tri Darma activities of higher education and increase the Self-Efficacy of the Elderly in Facing Disasters through Education with Disaster Preparedness Booklet Media. From the evaluation results, it was found that 97.5% of elderly people had positive self-efficacy. It is hoped that the elderly can increase their self-efficacy so that they can support disaster preparedness efforts optimally, so that various impacts resulting from disasters can be prevented or minimized Keywords: Self Efficacy, Education, Preparedness, Elderly
Clearing the Air on the Efficacy of Hypoxia Recognition Training
Authors: Shaw David M. , Harrell John W. , Gant Nicholas , Peacock David S. 
Published: November 2024

INTRODUCTION: Hypoxia recognition training (HRT) is a requirement for many nations’ military aircrew. The aim of HRT is to enhance the ability of aircrew to recognize and recover from an unexpected in-flight hypoxic exposure; however, there is a paucity of research evaluating the efficacy of HRT and whether current training approaches are optimal. Rather, the benefits of HRT are routinely promulgated based on opinions and anecdotes. Here, we raise some of our concerns with HRT practices in order to stimulate further discussion and research. Our aim is to ensure aircrew are provided with effective training to mitigate the risks associated with hypoxia—and other physiological threats—to promote flight safety.
Shaw DM, Harrell JW, Gant N, Peacock DS. Clearing the air on the efficacy of hypoxia recognition training. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2024; 95(11):871–872.
Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Assessment and Aviation Safety Using Major Depression as a Reference
Authors: Vuorio Alpo , Bor Robert , Gray Alastair , Suhonen-Malm Anna-Stina 
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND: Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in pilots is considered a threat to flight safety. The U.S. Federal Aviation Administration has recently revised assessment pathways for applicants with attentional problems because of an increasing recognition that ADHD is a clinical condition with a broad symptom spectrum; some individuals may have a historical diagnosis which has been in remission for several years, while others may be using psychostimulants to enhance mental focus. This commentary compares major depression as a reference and its Federal Aviation Administration certification/clearance policy with those policies associated with ADHD. Major depression can be considered a model example of a mental disorder where appropriate treatment strategies such as medication have been demonstrated not to have adverse effects upon aviation safety. We wish to highlight that when reviewing certification and assessment practice guidelines for the assessment of pilots with ADHD, decisions must be based upon robust scientific evidence that has been obtained in aviation.
Vuorio A, Bor R, Gray A, Suhonen-Malm A-S. Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder assessment and aviation safety using major depression as a reference. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2024; 95(11):873–875.