bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship between HALP and PNI score with 1-month mortality after CABG
Authors: Koyuncu Ilhan , Koyun Emin 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundCoronary heart disease (CHD) is the most common cause of cardiovascular disease (CVD). CHD is among the most common causes of mortality and morbidity world wide. In addition, CHD is one of the most important causes of health expenditures world wide. Today, coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) operations are a widely used surgical procedure and have an important place in the treatment of CHD. Many scoring systems have been evaluated to estimate the risk of mortality and morbidity. 30-day mortality rates after CABG have been reported as 1–4% in large-scale studies.ObjectivesThe aim of our study was to evaluate the relationship between 1-month mortality in patients undergoing CABG and the Hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocyte, platelet index (HALP score) and Prognostic nutritional index (PNI) calculated using laboratory data in the preoperative period.Methods and designA total of 239 patients who underwent CABG were evaluated retrospectively. Preoperative biochemical and hemogram values, demographic characteristics, comorbidities, HALP score and PNI values of the patients were recorded. The patients were divided into two groups: Exitus group (n = 51) and survival group (n = 188). The data of the two groups were compared, mainly HALP score and PNI.ResultsIt was observed that 51 of 239 patients (21.3%) developed exitus during the 30-day follow-up after CABG. When demographic data are compared; advanced age, female gender, history of DM (Diabetes Mellitus), history of HL (hyperlipidemia) and smoking were found to be associated with mortality. When laboratory data are compared; high troponin levels, low hemoglobin, low lymphocyte and low albumin levels were found to be associated with mortality. Low HALP score (p &lt; 0.001) and low PNI (p &lt; 0.001) were also found to be associated with mortality. In univariate and multivariate regression analysis; advanced age, history of DM, HALP score and PNI were found to be independent predictors of 30-day mortality after CABG. It was determined that a cut-off value of 0.29 for the HALP score and 39.1 for PNI had found, respectively, 81 and 79% sensitivity and 82 and 80% specificity.ConclusionPreoperatively measured HALP score and PNI can be used to predict 1-month mortality after CABG.
Effects of inulin-type oligosaccharides (JSO) from Cichorium intybus L. on behavioral deficits induced by chronic restraint stress in mice and associated molecular alterations
Authors: Yao Caihong , Jiang Ning , Sun Xinran , Zhang Yiwen , Pan Ruile , He Qinghu , Chang Qi , Liu Xinmin 
Published: November 2024

Depression and anxiety are serious psychiatric disorders with significant physical and mental health impacts, necessitating the development of safe and effective treatments. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Jiangshi oligosaccharide (JSO), a type of inulin-based oligosaccharide, in alleviating anxiety and depression and to investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms. Using a mouse model of chronic restraint stress (CRS), JSO was administered orally at doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg for 21 days. Behavioral tests, including the novelty-suppressed feeding test (NSFT), open field test (OFT), elevated plus maze test (EPMT), tail suspension test (TST), and forced swimming test (FST), demonstrated that JSO significantly improved anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors (P&lt; 0.05). Notably, JSO reduced feeding latency in the NSFT, increased time spent in the center in the OFT, enhanced time and entries into open arms in the EPMT, and decreased immobility time in the TST and FST (P&lt; 0.01). Histological and molecular analyses revealed that JSO treatment attenuated neuronal loss in the hippocampus (Hip) and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and reduced the expression of inflammatory markers such as Iba-1 and GFAP in these regions. JSO significantly downregulated the mRNA and protein expression of pro-inflammatory factors (IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6) while increasing anti-inflammatory markers (IL-10, TGF-β) (P&lt; 0.05). Furthermore, JSO inhibited the c-GAS-STING-NLRP3 axis and apoptosis-related proteins (Bax/Bcl-2, Caspase-3/8/9) while promoting the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), PSD-95, and synaptophysin (SYP), indicating improved neuronal survival and synaptic plasticity (P&lt; 0.01). These findings suggest that JSO exerts potent anti-anxiety and antidepressant effects by modulating neuroinflammation, synaptic function, and neuronal apoptosis in the Hip and mPFC of CRS mice. This study highlighted JSO as a potential therapeutic agent for stress-induced anxiety and depression.
Pan-cancer analysis of CLDN18.2 shed new insights on the targeted therapy of upper gastrointestinal tract cancers
Authors: Wu Jun , Lu Jinghua , Chen Qiuyue , Chen Haojie , Zheng Yongqiang , Cheng Minggang 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundCLDN18.2 is a widely researched drug target. However, previous research has primarily been based on immunohistochemistry results and focused on gastric cancer.MethodsTo analyze the potential cancer-targeting effect of CLDN18.2 from a multi-omics perspective, this study quantified CLDN18.2 expression in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) pan-cancer cohort. Thus, the relationships between CLDN18.2 expression and genomic alterations, immune infiltration, and prognosis were analyzed. Additionally, we performed analyses of the differentially expressed genes and enriched pathways between the high- and low-CLDN18.2 expression groups, as well as the corresponding drug sensitivity analyses.ResultsThe results indicated that CLDN18.2 was highly expressed in pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD), stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD), colorectal cancer (CRC), and esophageal carcinoma (ESCA). Moreover, the high- and low-CLDN18.2 expression groups presented significant differences in terms of genomic alterations and immune infiltration, such as the levels of methylation and CD4+ T cell infiltration. Furthermore, high CLDN18.2 expression was significantly associated with poor prognosis in bladder urothelial carcinoma (BLCA), ESCA, and PAAD. In upper gastrointestinal tract cancers (STAD, ESCA, and PAAD), downregulated gene-enriched pathways were associated with cell signaling, whereas upregulated gene-enriched pathways were associated with angiogenesis. Finally, we identified drugs associated with CLDN18.2 expression to which samples with different levels of expression were differentially sensitive.ConclusionCLDN18.2 was highly expressed in upper gastrointestinal tract cancers, and its expression had a significant effect on genomic alterations and the tumor microenvironment. Additionally, low CLDN18.2 expression was linked to favorable prognosis. Our study reveals the potential value of CLDN18.2 for tumor prognosis and targeted therapy in various cancers, especially upper gastrointestinal tract cancers.
Impact of different farming scenarios on key soil sustainability indicators driving soil carbon and system productivity of rice-based cropping systems
Authors: Mishra Ajay Kumar , Maurya Piyush Kumar , Sharma Sheetal 
Published: November 2024

This research explores the relationships among soil characteristics, carbon dynamics, and soil biome in rice-based cropping systems across four farming scenarios: conventional farming, organic farming with conventional tillage, integrated nutrient management, and conservation agriculture with zero tillage. Conducted at the International Rice Research Institute, India (2020-2022), the study analyzed physical, chemical, and biological soil parameters. The findings reveal significant effects of farming scenarios on soil organic carbon (SOC), available nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K), with no notable impact on bulk density, pH, electrical conductivity, or water-holding capacity. Organic farming enhanced microbial health, showing microbial biomass carbon (MBC) at 194.0 μg g-1, microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN) at 134.2 μg g-1, and dehydrogenase activity (DHA) at 36.80 μg TPF h-1 g-1, reflecting a more active microbial community important for nutrient cycling. Conservation agriculture reduced soil compaction, promoting better root growth and water penetration, leading to higher crop yields (10.95 ± 0.49 t ha-1). The study highlights the role of SOC in enhancing soil health, nutrient availability, and crop productivity, emphasizing sustainable agricultural practices.
GWAS combined with linkage analysis reveals major QTLs and candidate genes of salt tolerance in Japonica rice seedlings
Authors: Xu Shanbin , Zheng Jie , Du Haoqiang , Du Xiaodong , Li Chong , Duan Yuxuan , Cai Yanan , Wang Jingguo , Liu Hualong , Yang Luomiao , Xin Wei , Jia Yan , Zou Detang , Zheng Hongliang 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundSoil salinization is one of the significant factors limiting high crop yields and expansion of arable land, seriously affecting global agricultural production. Rice is an essential food crop throughout the world, and its seedlings are particularly susceptible to salt stress, which can directly affect the growth and development of rice and its final yield. We used the natural population as the material for genome-wide association study (GWAS) and the recombinant inbred line (RIL) population from CD (salt sensitive)/WD20342 (salt tolerant) hybridization as the material for linkage analysis.ResultsThe degree of salt tolerance was evaluated by using the relative root length (RRL), relative root number (RRN), relative root fresh weight (RRFW), and relative root dry weight (RRDW) as indicators. Fifteen and six major quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were identified by GWAS and linkage analysis, respectively. Meanwhile, the GWAS identified the lead SNP (Chr2_22340368), which was located within qRRL2 and qRRDW2 identified by linkage analysis. GWAS, combined with linkage analysis, selected a 196-kb overlapping region on chromosome 2, including 22 candidate genes. LOC_Os02g36880 was discovered as the candidate gene involved in salt tolerance by haplotype analysis, qRT-PCR, and sequence analysis. The score of salinity toxicity (SST) and seedling survival rate (SSR) were determined for CRISPR/Cas9 mutants (CR-1 and CR-15) and wild-type (ZH11), respectively.ConclusionThe phenotypic validation indicated that LOC_Os02g36880 negatively regulated the salt tolerance at the seedling stage. This study provides resources for breeding Japonica rice to improve its response to salt stress.
Synergistic effects of yeast and plant growth-promoting bacteria on Tobacco growth and soil-borne disease suppression: evidence from pot and field experiments
Authors: Teng Kai , Zhou Yu , Mao Hui , Long Xianjun , Zhang Sheng , Ma Jingjing , Meng Delong , Yin Huaqun , Xiao Yunhua 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundTobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) is an important economic crop, and the use of plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) to enhance its growth and suppress soil-borne diseases has garnered considerable research interest. However, the potential of yeast to augment the growth-promoting and disease-suppressing effects of PGPB on tobacco remains unclear.MethodsThis study investigated the effects of Pichia sp. microbial fertilizer (J1), PGPB-Klebsiella oxytoca microbial fertilizer (ZS4), and their composite fertilizer (JZ) on tobacco growth indexes, soil properties, and soil microbial community through a pot experiment. Additionally, field experiments were conducted to further assess the efficacy of the composite microbial fertilizer on tobacco growth and the incidences of soil-borne diseases, including tobacco bacterial wilt (TBW) and tobacco black shank (TBS).Results and discussionsIn the pot experiment, application of the microbial fertilizers significantly enhanced soil organic matter (OM), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), total potassium (TK), available phosphorus (AP), and available potassium (AK) levels. Compared to the control group (CK), J1, ZS4, and JZ microbial fertilizers significantly promoted tobacco growth, and the composite microbial fertilizers demonstrated superior to the individual microbial fertilizers. We found that the application of microbial fertilizer led to significant alterations in the structure and composition of the bacterial and fungal communities based on the high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions. The bacterial and fungal diversity indexes showed a decreasing trend. Key microorganisms such as Sphingomonas, Kitasatospora, Nitrosospira, Mortierella, and Trichoderma were identified as influential in regulating soil physicochemical parameters to enhance tobacco growth. Functional prediction further demonstrated a significant increase in the relative abundances of certain enzymes, including Alkaline phosphatase, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase (ACC deaminase), and Peroxidase, as well as antimicrobial substances like Tetracycline, Isoquinoline alkaloid, and Phenylpropanoids, following inoculation with the fertilizer. Besides, field experiments revealed that the JZ fertilizer significantly promoted tobacco growth and reduced the incidence of TBW and TBS, indicating its potential for further application in tobacco cultivation.
Parental opposition to comprehensive sexuality education in Australia: associations with religiosity and school sector
Authors: Hendriks Jacqueline , Francis Neil , Saltis Hanna , Marson Katrina , Walsh Jenny , Lawton Natasha , Burns Sharyn 
Published: November 2024

PurposeTo empirically examine associations between parental opposition towards comprehensive sexuality education (CSE) and religiosity.MethodsA nationally representative survey of Australian parents (N = 2,418) examined opposition towards 40 CSE topics, by parental religiosity and secular/religious school sector.ResultsWhilst opposition to most CSE topics correlated positively with religiosity, even amongst very religious parents, disapproval was minimal (2.8–31.2%; or 9.0–20.2% netted against non-religious parents). Parents with children enrolled in a Catholic school were less likely than secular-school parents to oppose CSE. Those with children at other-faith-schools were more likely to oppose CSE, but again disapproval was minimal (1.2–21.9%; or 1.3–9.4% netted against secular-school parents).DiscussionOnly small minorities of very religious parents and parents with children in religious schools opposed the teaching of various CSE topics. Decision-makers should therefore be cautious about assuming that CSE delivery is not widely supported by particular families.
Leadership practices of physical education teachers and student-related outcomes: a systematic mixed method review and analysis
Authors: Kim Hyun-Duck , Cruz Angelita Bautista 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionThis study systematically reviewed and analyzed both qualitative and quantitative studies that focused on the relationship between physical education (PE) teachers’ leadership and student outcomes using data mining and meta-analysis.MethodsUsing the Scopus, PsycINFO, PubMed, and SPORTDiscus databases, text data from the included 150 relevant articles were examined through a text data mining approach. Quantitative and mixed-method studies were then further evaluated, yielding 49 articles eligible for inclusion in the meta-analysis.ResultsFindings from the data-mining analysis using Leximancer revealed eight major themes associated with PE teacher leadership, emphasizing motivation, education, support, and teaching. Results from the meta-analysis using the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software showed that autonomy-supporting behaviors showed strong positive effects on student satisfaction, motivation, competence, and engagement. Regional differences in research focus were observed, with health being less emphasized in Asian and European studies. Student sex emerged as a moderating factor.ConclusionThe study highlights the role of PE teacher leadership and the convergence/divergence among research findings. Moreover, applying the HDST approach to synthesize both qualitative and quantitative articles provided a deeper and more comprehensive understanding of leadership within the PE field.
Digital epidemiology of high-frequency search listening trends for the surveillance of subjective well-being during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Al-Kenane Khalida , Boy Frederic , Alsaber Ahmad , Nafea Rania , AlMutairi Shihanah 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundThe coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has led to a dramatic increase in online searches related to psychological distress. Governments worldwide have responded with various measures to mitigate the impact of the virus, influencing public behavior and emotional well-being. This study investigated the relationship between government actions and public reactions in terms of online search behaviors, particularly concerning psychological distress during the pandemic. The primary objective of this study was to analyze how changes in government policies during the COVID-19 pandemic influenced public expressions of psychological distress, as reflected in the volume of related online searches in Kuwait.MethodUtilizing Google Trends data, the study analyzed search frequencies for terms associated with psychological distress such as “anxiety” and “lockdown.” The analysis correlated these search trends with government actions using the Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker (OxCGRT). The study period covered March 1, 2020, to October 10, 2020, and involved extensive data collection and analysis using custom software in R programming.ResultsThere was a significant correlation between the stringency of government-imposed restrictions and the volume of online searches related to psychological distress. Increased searches for “lockdown” coincided with heightened government restrictions and were associated with increased searches for “anxiety,” suggesting that policy measures significantly impacted public psychological distress.ConclusionThe study concludes that governmental responses to the COVID-19 pandemic, measured through OxCGRT, have a measurable impact on public psychological distress, as evidenced by online search behaviors. This underscores the importance of considering psychological impacts in policymaking and suggests further research to explore this dynamic comprehensively. Future studies should focus on refining the correlation between specific types of policy measures and different expressions of psychological distress to better inform public health strategies and interventions.
Youth Epidemiology and Resilience (YEAR) in a student population: prevalence and predictors of mental health symptoms
Authors: Wong John Chee Meng , Lei Natalie Cheok Ling , Kom Dennis Mun Yen , Fee Victoria Hui Fen , Yap Natalie Huijing , Teoh Jie Yu , Shen Liang , Yap Qai Ven , Wan Michelle Jing Si , Du Ruochen , Kroneman Leoniek , Fung Daniel Shuen Sheng , Ong Say How , Tian Cheong Sing , Bin Sachiman Muhammad Nabil Syukri , Sii Nicholas En-Ping , Teng Jia Ying , Ng Tze Pin , Verhulst Frank 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundAdolescence is a pivotal developmental phase, marked by a high prevalence of mental health issues. The Singapore Youth Epidemiology and Resilience (YEAR) study aims to assess the prevalence of mental health symptoms, sociodemographic risk factors, and the protective role of resilience in a multi-ethnic, Asian school-going adolescent population.MethodsSchool-based adolescents aged 11-18 and their parents were invited from a stratified sample of national schools, designed to be demographically representative of the mainstream school-going population. In the screening phase, adolescents completed a battery of questionnaires including the Youth Self-Report (YSR), Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL), and the Singapore Youth Resilience Scale (SYRESS). Thereafter, diagnostic interviews were conducted on high-risk and control participants. Data analysis was conducted to establish prevalence rates of mental health symptoms, and to examine the associations between mental health symptoms, sociodemographic factors, and resilience.ResultsThe final study sample consisted of 3336 adolescents and 2475 parents. Based on adolescents’ response on the YSR, 37.3%, 13.1% and 27.7% of the YEAR Study population scored in the clinical range for internalizing, externalizing and total problems respectively. Based on parents’ reporting on their children on the CBCL, 15.9%, 4.0% and 11.2% scored in the clinical range for internalizing, externalizing and total problems respectively. Sociodemographic risk factors for specific mental health symptoms were identified, including belonging to the age category of 15-16 (OR, 1.8-2.2) and those living in either a 4-, 5-room or executive flat (OR, 0.6-0.7), or in condominiums and other apartments (OR, 0.4-0.6). Total resilience scores were moderately correlated with total [rs(3334) = -.49, p &lt;.01] and internalizing [rs(3334) = -.50, p &lt;.01] problem scores on the YSR.ConclusionThis study illustrates the state of mental health of school-going adolescents aged 11-18. The greater prevalence of internalizing symptoms indicates the need for stronger attention for identifying internalizing problems and targeted interventions for those at risk of such symptoms. The association between mental health symptoms and resilience factors highlights the protective potential of resilience building for adolescents.
Embodied cognition driven Qigong: a cross-sectional study and a pilot randomized controlled trial on managing depression and preventing relapse in substance dependence
Authors: Sun Chao , Yang Siyao , Wang Xiaojun , Shao Yongcong , Huang Xuetong , Qi Huanhuan , Zhang Zhuolin , Su Guobai 
Published: November 2024

ObjectiveSubstance use disorders (SUDs) pose a significant challenge to public health systems worldwide, with persistent high relapse rates underscoring the urgency for innovative intervention strategies. This study embarked on a systematic exploration of the factors influencing relapse among individuals with SUDs, alongside the implementation of targeted Health Qigong intervention to mitigate these effects based on the embodied cognition.MethodsIn the cross-sectional survey, a total of 398 male substance users were recruited to complete the questionnaires assessing depression, self-esteem, resilience, and relapse inclination. Subsequently, 60 participants diagnosed with depression were selected for a Pilot RCT, randomly divided into an intervention group, which underwent a 12-week Health Qigong program designed to combat depression through embodied cognition principles, and a control group, which maintained their daily routines.ResultsStructural equation modeling demonstrated that depression not only had a direct effect on substance users’ relapse, but also exerted an indirect effect through three paths: firstly, via the mediating role of self-esteem; secondly, via the mediating role of resilience; and thirdly, via the chain-mediated role of self-esteem and resilience. Two-factor mixed-design ANOVA showed that the 12-week targeted Health Qigong training not only mitigated depression in individuals with SUDs, but also enhanced self-esteem and mental resilience, and reducing the propensity for relapse.ConclusionThis research identifies critical factors influencing relapse in individuals with SUDs and introduces a novel, non-pharmacological intervention that significantly diminishes relapse rates and enhances recovery outcomes. It highlights the importance of physical activity in promoting mental health improvement and integrates traditional Chinese exercises with contemporary psychological insights, offering a comprehensive approach to drug rehabilitation and the integration of cultural practices in holistic health interventions.