bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regulation of Integrated Stress Response Sensitizes U87MG Glioblastoma Cells to Temozolomide Through the Mitochondrial Apoptosis Pathway
Authors: He Yichun , Meng Hao , Xu Huadan , Fan Linghua , Zhou Zijian , Xu Bo , Sun Liankun , Gao Yufei 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACTGlioblastomas are the most frequently diagnosed and worst primary malignancy of the central nervous system, with very poor prognosis. The first‐line antiglioma drug temozolomide shows decreasing therapeutic efficacy as treatment progresses. As the integrated stress response (ISR) may be a resistance factor and severe stress might transform the protective effect of the ISR into a damage effect, pharmacological regulation of ISR may be an effective way to sensitize glioma to temozolomide. The aim of the present study was to investigate the mechanisms of the ISR in regulating the therapeutic effect of temozolomide in the human glioblastoma multiforme cell line U87MG. Cultured U87MG cells were treated with temozolomide and PCR array was used to screen key factors in the response to treatment. Cells were co‐treated with temozolomide and the eIF2α phosphatase inhibitor salubrinal, and cell apoptosis was measured. Combination treatment with temozolomide and salubrinal had a synergistic effect on cell viability. Salubrinal could upregulate the expression of ATF4, a key factor in the ISR, and enhance temozolomide‐induced apoptosis. ATF4 transcriptionally regulated expression of the BH3‐ONLY protein NOXA, thus inducing mitochondrial apoptosis. These findings suggest that ISR and ATF4 are involved in the death crosstalk between the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria and might be a potential target to enhance the therapeutic effect of temozolomide in patients with glioblastoma multiforme. Anat Rec, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Molecular Profiling and Clonal Tracking of Secreted Rheumatoid Factors in Primary Sjögren's Syndrome
Authors: Wang Jing J. , Reed Joanne H. , Colella Alex D. , Russell Amanda J. , Murray‐Brown William , Chataway Tim K. , Jackson Katherine J. L. , Goodnow Christopher C. , Gordon Tom P. 
Published: April 2018

ObjectiveRheumatoid factors (RFs) are associated with systemic disease in primary Sjögren's syndrome (SS) and may be pathogenic as mixed cryoglobulins. Current detection methods cannot resolve RFs at a molecular level. This study was undertaken to perform the first proteomic and transcriptomic analysis of secreted and membrane‐bound IgM‐RF in primary SS and identify unique heavy‐chain peptide signatures for RF clonotype tracking.MethodsPurified heavy chains of serum RFs from 15 patients with primary SS were subjected to de novo mass spectrometric sequencing. The circulating B cell Ig repertoire was determined by massively parallel sequencing of IGH RNA from matched peripheral blood mononuclear cells (n = 7). RF‐specific heavy‐chain third complementarity‐determining region (CDR3) peptides were identified by searching RF heavy‐chain peptide sequences against the corresponding IGH RNA sequence libraries. Heavy‐chain CDR3 peptides were used as biomarkers to track serum RF clonotypes using quantitative multiple reaction monitoring.ResultsSerum RFs were clonally restricted and composed of shared sets of IgM heavy‐chain variable region (Ig VH) 1–69, 3–15, 3–7, and 3–74 subfamilies. Cryoprecipitable RFs from patients with mixed cryoglobulinemia (MC) were distinguishable from nonprecipitating RFs by a higher frequency of amino acid substitutions and identification of stereotypic heavy‐chain CDR3 transcripts. Potentially pathogenic RF clonotypes were detected in serum by multiple reaction monitoring years before patients presented with MC. Levels of Ig VH4–34 IgM‐RF decreased following immunosuppression and remission of MC.ConclusionCryoprecipitable RF clonotypes linked to vasculitis in primary SS have different molecular profiles than nonprecipitating RFs, suggesting different underlying mechanisms of production. The combined omics workflow presented herein provides molecular biomarkers for tracking and removal of pathogenic RF clones.
Bayesian planning of step‐stress accelerated degradation tests under various optimality criteria
Authors: Zhao Xiujie , Pan Rong , Xie Min 
Published: April 2018

AbstractStep‐stress accelerated degradation testing (SSADT) has become a common approach to predicting lifetime for highly reliable products that are unlikely to fail in a reasonable time under use conditions or even elevated stress conditions. In literature, the planning of SSADT has been widely investigated for stochastic degradation processes, such as Wiener processes and gamma processes. In this paper, we model the optimal SSADT planning problem from a Bayesian perspective and optimize test plans by determining both stress levels and the allocation of inspections. Large‐sample approximation is used to derive the asymptotic Bayesian utility functions under 3 planning criteria. A revisited LED lamp example is presented to illustrate our method. The comparison with optimal plans from previous studies demonstrates the necessity of considering the stress levels and inspection allocations simultaneously.
Molecular interactions between vinculin and phospholipids
Authors: Goldmann Wolfgang H. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe focal adhesion protein vinculin has been implicated in associating with soluble and membranous phospholipids. Detailed investigations over the past ten years describe the intermolecular interactions of the vinculin tail domain with soluble and membrane phospholipids. Previous studies have implied that the tail's unstructured C‐terminal region affects the mechanical behavior of cells and that the same region, at the molecular level, has bi‐stable behavior sensitive to different protonation states. The aim of this short communication is to discuss whether the C‐terminal vinculin tail (Vt) domain interacts favorably with membrane‐embedded phospholipids such as PIP2 and that the region is also an anchor for lipid membranes.
From a stone to rupture: calyceal rupture secondary to obstructive uropathy
Authors: Kheiri Babikir , Kazmi Ismail , Madala Seetharamprasad , Abu Sitta Emad 
Published: April 2018

Key Clinical MessageRenal collecting system rupture is a rare manifestation of obstructive uropathy. The majority of cases are attributed to ureteric calculi and extrinsic ureteric compression. The optimal diagnostic image is contrast‐enhanced CT scan with delayed phase protocol. Management is usually conservative and generally depends on the etiology, urinomas size, and the presence or absence of kidney failure or infections.
Impact of Catalyst Geometry on Diffusion and Selective Catalytic Reduction Kinetics under Elevated Pressures
Authors: Peitz Daniel , Elsener Martin , Kröcher Oliver 
Published: April 2018

AbstractIn marine diesel engine applications, selective catalytic reduction (SCR) upstream of the turbocharger may become the preferred technology when dealing with high sulfur fuels and low exhaust gas temperatures. The target nitrogen oxide reductions in combination with minimum ammonia slip and reduced gas diffusion rates under elevated pressures require understanding of the impact of catalyst geometry on the SCR kinetics. The extent, trends, and sources for this observation are elucidated in this work by systematic testing of catalysts with equal geometry and/or intrinsic activity.
Long‐term results of combined cardiac contractility modulation and subcutaneous defibrillator therapy in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction
Authors: Röger Susanne , Rudic Boris , Akin Ibrahim , Shchetynska‐Marinova Tetyana , Fastenrath Fabian , Tülümen Erol , Liebe Volker , El‐Battrawy Ibrahim , Baumann Stefan , Kuschyk Jürgen , Borggrefe Martin 
Published: April 2018

BackgroundCardiac contractility modulation (CCM) is an electrical‐device therapy for patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Patients with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤35% also have indication for an implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator (ICD), and in some cases subcutaneous ICD (S‐ICD) is selected.HypothesisCCM and S‐ICD can be combined to work efficaciously and safely.MethodsWe report on 20 patients with HFrEF and LVEF ≤35% who received CCM and S‐ICD. To exclude device interference, patients received intraoperative crosstalk testing, S‐ICD testing, and bicycle exercise testing while CCM was activated. Clinical and QOL measures before CCM activation and at last follow‐up were analyzed. S‐ICD performance was evaluated while both CCM and S‐ICD were active.ResultsMean follow‐up was 34.3 months. NYHA class improved from 2.9 ± 0.4 to 2.1 ± 0.7 (P < 0.0001), Minnesota Living With Heart Failure Questionnaire score improved from 50.2 ± 23.7 to 29.6 ± 22.8 points (P < 0.0001), and LVEF improved from 24.4% ± 8.1% to 30.9% ± 9.6% (P = 0.002). Mean follow‐up time with both devices active was 22 months. Three patients experienced a total of 6 episodes of sustained ventricular tachycardia, all successfully treated with first ICD shock. One case received an inappropriate shock unrelated to the concomitant CCM. One patient received an LVAD, so CCM and S‐ICD were discontinued.ConclusionsCCM and S‐ICD can be successfully combined in patients with HFrEF. S‐ICD and CCM remain efficacious when used together, with no interference affecting their function.
Planar Perovskite Solar Cells with High Open‐Circuit Voltage Containing a Supramolecular Iron Complex as Hole Transport Material Dopant
Authors: Saygili Yasemin , Turren‐Cruz Silver‐Hamill , Olthof Selina , Saes Bartholomeus Wilhelmus Henricus , Pehlivan Ilknur Bayrak , Saliba Michael , Meerholz Klaus , Edvinsson Tomas , Zakeeruddin Shaik M. , Grätzel Michael , Correa‐Baena Juan‐Pablo , Hagfeldt Anders , Freitag Marina , Tress Wolfgang 
Published: April 2018

AbstractIn perovskite solar cells (PSCs), the most commonly used hole transport material (HTM) is spiro‐OMeTAD, which is typically doped by metalorganic complexes, for example, based on Co, to improve charge transport properties and thereby enhance the photovoltaic performance of the device. In this study, we report a new hemicage‐structured iron complex, 1,3,5‐tris(5′‐methyl‐2,2′‐bipyridin‐5‐yl)ethylbenzene Fe(III)‐tris(bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide), as a p‐type dopant for spiro‐OMeTAD. The formal redox potential of this compound was measured as 1.29 V vs. the standard hydrogen electrode, which is slightly (20 mV) more positive than that of the commercial cobalt dopant FK209. Photoelectron spectroscopy measurements confirm that the iron complex acts as an efficient p‐dopant, as evidenced in an increase of the spiro‐OMeTAD work function. When fabricating planar PSCs with the HTM spiro‐OMeTAD doped by 5 mol % of the iron complex, a power conversion efficiency of 19.5 % (AM 1.5G, 100 mW cm−2) is achieved, compared to 19.3 % for reference devices with FK209. Open circuit voltages exceeding 1.2 V at 1 sun and reaching 1.27 V at 3 suns indicate that recombination at the perovskite/HTM interface is low when employing this iron complex. This work contributes to recent endeavors to reduce recombination losses in perovskite solar cells.
Functional Pituitary Tissue Generation from Human Embryonic Stem Cells
Authors: Kano Mayuko , Suga Hidetaka , Kasai Takatoshi , Ozone Chikafumi , Arima Hiroshi 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe anterior pituitary gland produces several hormones essential for regulation of the somatic endocrine system. Deficiency of these hormones can cause life‐threatening diseases, including adrenal crisis. Pituitary tissue generated from human pluripotent stem cells is expected to provide better treatment than current hormone replacement therapy. During early mammalian development, the pituitary anlage (Rathke's pouch) develops from non‐neural ectoderm adjacent to the developing ventral hypothalamus. The close interaction between these two tissues is crucial for Rathke's pouch development and involves several signaling molecules. Early exposure of human embryonic stem cells in 3D floating culture to sonic hedgehog and bone morphogenetic protein 4 promoted the cells’ differentiation into oral ectoderm and, subsequently, hormone‐producing cells such as corticotrophs (adrenocorticotropic hormone–producing cells). The differentiation approach described herein, which induces the formation of pituitary tissue in contact with hypothalamic neural tissue, mimics mammalian pituitary development. The differentiated corticotrophs are functional, responding normally to both release and feedback signals. © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Interpretation of the Ultrasonic Effect on Induction Time During BaSO4 Heterogeneous Nucleation by a Cluster Coagulation Model
Authors: Guo Zhichao , Zhang Xiaoguo , Han Wenxiang , Li Liye , Wang Lixia 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe effect of ultrasound on BaSO4 nucleation is studied by measuring the induction time when nucleation is predominantly heterogeneous. In the experiments, barium sulphate is used as the working substance precipitated by mixing aqueous BaCl2 and Na2SO4 solutions with relatively low concentrations compared to the experiments of homogeneous nucleation. It is observed that at a given supersaturation level, the induction time decreases significantly with increasing ultrasonic energy during heterogeneous nucleation. In addition, the effect of ultrasound on nucleation order and the nucleation coefficient in the empirical model of nucleation rate are also investigated and compared with the corresponding effects during homogeneous nucleation.
Separation of Nucleobases Using High‐performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Voltammetric Scanning
Authors: Zitka Ondrej , Kudr Jiri , Labuda Jan , Xhaxhiu Kledi , Adam Vojtech 
Published: April 2018

AbstractIn this paper, a method based on chromatographic separation of analytes and their quantification using on‐line cyclic voltammetry is reported. The method based on high performance liquid chromatography on reverse phase column was optimized using free nucleobases‐guanine, adenine, thymine, and cytosine. The optimal separation of nucleobases was detected when using 0.05 M borate buffer (pH 9.0) as the mobile phase, at isocratic flow rate 1 mL min−1, and at separation column temperature of 30 °C. The accurate timing of the cyclic voltammetry enabled us to quantify the concentrations of individual nucleobases by oxidation on glassy carbon electrode.
A chemical activity approach to exposure and risk assessment of chemicals
Authors: Gobas Frank A.P.C. , Mayer Philipp , Parkerton Thomas F. , Burgess Robert M. , van de Meent Dik , Gouin Todd 
Published: April 2018

Abstract

To support the goals articulated in the vision for exposure and risk assessment in the twenty-first century, we highlight the application of a thermodynamic chemical activity approach for the exposure and risk assessment of chemicals in the environment. The present article describes the chemical activity approach, its strengths and limitations, and provides examples of how this concept may be applied to the management of single chemicals and chemical mixtures. The examples demonstrate that the chemical activity approach provides a useful framework for 1) compiling and evaluating exposure and toxicity information obtained from many different sources, 2) expressing the toxicity of single and multiple chemicals, 3) conducting hazard and risk assessments of single and multiple chemicals, 4) identifying environmental exposure pathways, and 5) reducing error and characterizing uncertainty in risk assessment. The article further illustrates that the chemical activity approach can support an adaptive management strategy for environmental stewardship of chemicals where “safe” chemical activities are established based on toxicological studies and presented as guidelines for environmental quality in various environmental media that can be monitored by passive sampling and other techniques. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:1235–1251. © 2018 The Authors. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of SETAC.
The anticipation and outcome phases of reward and loss processing: A neuroimaging meta‐analysis of the monetary incentive delay task
Authors: Oldham Stuart , Murawski Carsten , Fornito Alex , Youssef George , Yücel Murat , Lorenzetti Valentina 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe processing of rewards and losses are crucial to everyday functioning. Considerable interest has been attached to investigating the anticipation and outcome phases of reward and loss processing, but results to date have been inconsistent. It is unclear if anticipation and outcome of a reward or loss recruit similar or distinct brain regions. In particular, while the striatum has widely been found to be active when anticipating a reward, whether it activates in response to the anticipation of losses as well remains ambiguous. Furthermore, concerning the orbitofrontal/ventromedial prefrontal regions, activation is often observed during reward receipt. However, it is unclear if this area is active during reward anticipation as well. We ran an Activation Likelihood Estimation meta‐analysis of 50 fMRI studies, which used the Monetary Incentive Delay Task (MIDT), to identify which brain regions are implicated in the anticipation of rewards, anticipation of losses, and the receipt of reward. Anticipating rewards and losses recruits overlapping areas including the striatum, insula, amygdala and thalamus, suggesting that a generalised neural system initiates motivational processes independent of valence. The orbitofrontal/ventromedial prefrontal regions were recruited only during the reward outcome, likely representing the value of the reward received. Our findings help to clarify the neural substrates of the different phases of reward and loss processing, and advance neurobiological models of these processes.
Demand of long‐term care and benefit eligibility across European countries
Authors: Carrino Ludovico , Orso Cristina Elisa , Pasini Giacomo 
Published: April 2018

AbstractIn this paper, we study how elderly individuals adjust their informal long‐term care utilization to changes in the provision of formal care. Despite this is crucial to design effective policies of formal elderly care, empirical evidence is scant due to the lack of credible identification strategies to account for the endogeneity of formal care. We propose a novel instrument, an index that captures individuals' eligibility status for the long‐term care programs implemented in the region of residence. Our estimates, which are robust to a number of different specifications, suggest that higher formal care provision would lead to an increase in informal care utilization as well. In the context of current theoretical economic model of care use, this result points to the existence of a substantial unmet demand of care among older people in Europe.
The potential of ICT‐supported participatory communication interventions to challenge local power dynamics: Lessons from the case of Togo
Authors: Breuer Anita , Blomenkemper Laura , Kliesch Stefan , Salzer Franziska , Schädler Manuel , Schweinfurth Valentin , Virchow Stephen 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThis paper adds to the debate on the contribution of ICT towards improving the quality of local governance. The data presented were collected during the scoping phase of an ICT‐based participation platform aimed at improving local governance in Togo. We combine original data from a social network analysis and a representative household survey. Based on these data, we conclude that the success of ICT interventions to transform local power structures depends on their adequate adaption to the political and technical environment. Decisions about the stage of the public policy cycle at which ICT projects intervene must be informed by the nature of local power relations and the distribution of access to ICT and participation opportunities across the intervention's target population.
Biodegradable silk catheters for the delivery of therapeutics across anatomical repair sites
Authors: Brown Joseph E. , Tozzi Lorenzo , Schilling Benjamin , Kelmendi‐Doko Arta , Truong April B. , Rodriguez Maria J. , Gil Eun Seok , Sucsy Robert , Valentin Jolene E. , Philips Brian J. , Marra Kacey G. , Rubin J. Peter , Kaplan David L. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractBiodegradable silk catheters for the delivery of therapeutics are designed with a focus on creating porous gradients that can direct the release of molecules away from the implantation site. Though suitable for a range of applications, these catheters are designed for drug delivery to transplanted adipose tissue in patients having undergone a fat grafting procedure. A common complication for fat grafts is the rapid reabsorption of large volume adipose transplants. In order to prolong volume retention, biodegradable catheters can be embedded into transplanted tissue to deliver nutrients, growth factors or therapeutics to improve adipocyte viability, proliferation, and ultimately extend volume retention. Two fabrication methods are developed: a silk gel‐spinning technique, which uses a novel flash‐freezing step to induce high porosity throughout the bulk of the tube, and a dip‐coating process using silk protein solutions doped with a water soluble porogen. Increased porosity aids in the diffusion of drug through the silk tube in a controllable way. Additionally, we interface the porous tubes with ALZET osmotic pumps for implantation into a subcutaneous nude mouse model. The work described herein will discuss the processing parameters as well as the interfacing between pump and cargo therapeutic and the resulting release profiles. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 107B: 501–510, 2019.
Management of wilt disease of chickpea in vivo by silver nanoparticles biosynthesized by rhizospheric microflora of chickpea (Cicer arietinum)
Authors: Kaur Pawan , Thakur Rajesh , Duhan Joginder S , Chaudhury Ashok 
Published: April 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDThis work reports the isolation and screening of rhizospheric microflora of chickpea and their role in the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The antifungal potential of AgNPs for control of wilt disease of chickpea, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri (FOC) was evaluated in vitro and in vivo pot experiments. The effect of AgNPs on seed germination and soil community was also evaluated.RESULTSAmong microbial strains, two bacteria, Pseudomonas sp. and Achromobacter sp. and two fungi, Trichoderma sp. and Cephalosporium sp., were identified for biosynthesis of AgNPs. AgNPs were confirmed by UV‐visible spectra (λ = 420 nm) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) with size 20–50 nm. AgNPs showed very high antifungal activity (95%) against FOC in vitro at 100 µgmL−1 concentration. Pot experiments showed maximum and minimum reduction in wilt incidence over control, i.e. 73.33% for AgNPs and copper‐oxychloride (CuOCl) i.e. 26.67%, respectively. Seeds coated with AgNPs showed high germinability up to 98% and no negative impact was observed on soil community.CONCLUSIONThis study demonstrated the role of AgNPs against the fungal disease of chickpea that can be extended to other diseases of chickpea and other important Indian crops. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry