bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermische Stabilität von UHPC
Authors: Scheffler Benjamin , Wetzel Alexander , Sälzer Philipp , Middendorf Bernhard 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIn den letzten Jahren ist der Einsatz von Hochleistungsbetonen zunehmend gestiegen. Für die Anwendung von Ultra‐Hochleistungsbetonen (UHPC) gelten neben den Anforderungen an die Tragfähigkeit und Dauerhaftigkeit ebenso brandschutztechnische Anforderungen. Kennwerte zum thermischen sowie mechanischen Verhalten von UHPC unter Brandeinwirkung bestehen bereits. Aufgrund des hochdichten, nahezu kapillarporenfreien Mikrogefüges des UHPC führen Temperaturbelastungen > 250 °C zu einer Schädigung des Gefüges bis hin zu einem nicht vorhersehbaren Versagen durch explosionsartige Abplatzungen. Im Brandfall liegt die Temperatureinwirkung um ein Vielfaches höher und zudem sind zyklische Beanspruchungen nicht relevant. In Abgrenzung dazu wird ein Beton für den Einsatz als Konstruktionsbaustoff in Industriebereichen, wie z. B. dem Kraftwerks‐ und Schornsteinbau sowie in speziellen Applikationen im Maschinenbau, benötigt, der einer dauerhaften und zyklischen thermischen Belastung bis 500 °C standhält. Die hier aufgeführten Ergebnisse umfassen das Materialverhalten von bestehenden sowie optimierten UHPC‐Formulierungen bei unterschiedlichen thermischen Belastungsprofilen. Die Eigenschaften des Festbetons wurden vor und nach der thermischen Beanspruchung charakterisiert. Da die Basis‐Formulierung des UHPC nur bis zu einer bestimmten Temperaturstufe thermisch stabil war, wurde dieser durch Zugabe von Celluloseregeneratfasern optimiert, um explosive Abplatzungen zu vermeiden und diesen thermisch zu stabilisieren.
Mesenchymal stromal cell secretome as a therapeutic strategy for traumatic brain injury
Authors: Muhammad Suleiman A. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractTraumatic brain injury (TBI) is a global health problem that is a common cause of disability and mortality. Despite the availability of many treatment options, none is capable of restoring functional and structural recovery of the damaged brain. Both the results of preclinical and clinical studies suggest the use of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) as a therapeutic strategy for structural and functional recovery in TBI. However, recent evidence shows that the neuroprotective potential of MSCs is due to multiple secretions of bioactive molecules that modulate tissue microenvironment for tissue repair and regeneration. The results of preclinical studies indicate the therapeutic benefits of MSC secretome in TBI. Soluble bioactive molecules and extracellular vesicles are the various factors secreted by MSCs that can induce neurogenesis, angiogenesis, neovascularization, and anti‐inflammatory activities. This review highlights the neuroprotective effect of MSC secretome for the treatment of TBI. In addition, the possible challenges of secretome as biotherapeutics are identified and how some of the issues raised could be overcome for effective clinical application are also discussed.
Tannin‐Adsorbents for Water Decontamination and for the Recovery of Critical Metals: Current State and Future Perspectives
Authors: Santos Sílvia C. R. , Bacelo Hugo A. M. , Boaventura Rui A. R. , Botelho Cidália M. S. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBiosorption is known as an effective way to clean‐up water from organic and inorganic contaminants and has also emerged as a promising technology to recover critical substances. Tannins are renewable materials, coming from multiple vegetable sources. A variety of biosorbents have been developed from tannins, including tannin resins, rigid foams, composites with mesoporous silica, cellulose, collagen, and magnetic adsorbents. These materials have shown an excellent ability to uptake heavy‐metal cations (Cd(II), Cu(II), Pb(II), Ni(II), Cr(III)), owning to the chelating ability provided by the plentiful adjacent hydroxyl groups. In addition, tannin‐adsorbents have shown exceptional ability to remove Cr(VI), and to uptake Au(III) and Pd(II) from strong acidic solutions, which has evident application in the recovery of precious metals from e‐wastes leaching. The fact that tannin‐adsorbents can reduce the oxidation state of these adsorbates to Cr(III) and to elemental species of Au and Pd is interesting. Adsorption of dyes, surfactants, pharmaceuticals and antimony is also feasible, but the removal of certain metalloid species, such as arsenic and phosphate, seems to be limited even after applying chemical modifications. This article presents a systematic review on the preparation of tannin‐adsorbents and their application in water decontamination and in the recovery of critical metals.
A cis‐eQTL genetic variant in PLK4 confers high risk of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Meng Lijuan , Zhou Yan , Ju Sihan , Han Jing , Song Ci , Kong Jing , Wu Yifei , Lu Shuai , Xu Jiani , Yuan Wenwen , Zhang Erbao , Wang Cheng , Hu Zhibin , Gu Yayun , Luo Rongcheng , Wang Xuehao 
Published: September 2019

AbstractPurposeThe overexpression and knockdown of PLK4 were both reported to generate aneuploidy. Thus, we aimed to investigate whether genetic variants in PLK4 contribute to the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).MethodsWe evaluated associations of common variants in PLK4 and its promoter for the risk of HCC in our association study (1300 cases and 1344 controls). The genotype‐tissue expression (GTEx) and The cancer genome atlas (TCGA) databases were used to quantify the expression of PLK4. Cell proliferation and migration affected by PLK4 in HCC were assessed in vitro. Drug susceptibility testing (DST) model was used to assess the sensibility of PLK4‐activated HCC to CFI‐400945, a small molecule inhibitor of PLK4.ResultsHerein, we found a significant association between rs3811741, located in the PLK4 intron, and liver cancer risk (OR = 1.26, P = 9.81 × 10−5). Although PLK4 expressed at lower levels in somatic tissues compared to the testis, the risk allele A of rs3811741 was associated with increased PLK4 expression in liver cancer tissues. Additionally, PLK4 high expression was remarkably associated with shortened survival of HCC (HR = 1.97, P = .001). Furthermore, overexpression of PLK4 promoted, while knockdown of PLK4 suppressed cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. DST model demonstrated that CFI‐400945 can effectively suppress rampant proliferation of HCC with highly expressed PLK4.ConclusionTaken together, our study demonstrated that PLK4 is a susceptibility gene and plays an oncogenic role in HCC. Furthermore, we identified that PLK4 sensitives HCC to CFI‐400945, which may be an ideal therapy target for HCC.
CRM197 reverses paclitaxel resistance by inhibiting the NAC‐1/Gadd45 pathway in paclitaxel‐resistant ovarian cancer cells
Authors: Tang Xiao‐han , Li Hui , Zheng Xiu‐shuang , Lu Mei‐song , An Yuan , Zhang Xiao‐lei 
Published: September 2019

AbstractHeparin‐binding epidermal growth factor‐like growth factor (HB‐EGF) is a new promising target for the treatment of ovarian cancer. Our previous study showed that cross‐reacting material 197 (CRM197), a specific HB‐EGF inhibitor, significantly reverses resistance against paclitaxel in paclitaxel‐resistant ovarian cancer cells. However, the mechanism of the effect of CRM197 on the reversion of paclitaxel resistance was unclear. In this study, in vitro and in vivo data suggested that CRM197 treatment sensitized paclitaxel‐resistant ovarian cancer cells to paclitaxel, at least in part, via nucleus accumbens‐1 (NAC‐1) and its downstream pathway, DNA damage‐inducible 45‐γ interacting protein (Gadd45gip1)/growth arrest and DNA damage‐inducible 45 (Gadd45), in A2780/Taxol and SKOV3/Taxol cells. The results also showed that CRM197 activated the proapoptotic JNK/p38MAPK pathway to enhance caspase‐3 activity and apoptosis by downregulation of the NAC‐1/Gadd45gip1/Gadd45 pathway, leading to reversion of paclitaxel resistance in A2780/Taxol and SKOV3/Taxol cells. This study provides the first mechanism through which CRM197 significantly reverses resistance against paclitaxel by modulating the NAC‐1/Gadd45gip1/Gadd45 pathway in paclitaxel‐resistant ovarian cancer cells, and the mechanism of HB‐EGF inhibition as a novel therapeutic strategy for patients with paclitaxel‐resistant ovarian cancer.
Efficacy and safety of different fractions in stereotactic body radiotherapy for spinal metastases: A systematic review
Authors: Gong Yining , Xu Lingyi , Zhuang Hongqing , Jiang Liang , Wei Feng , Liu Zhongjun , Li Yan , Yu Miao , Ni Kaiwen , Liu Xiaoguang 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundIn the treatment of spinal metastases, stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) delivers precise, high‐dose radiation to the target region while sparing the spinal cord. A range of doses and fractions had been reported; however, the optimal prescribed scheme remains unclear.MethodsTwo reviewers performed independent literature searches of the PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Database, and Web of Science databases. Articles were divided into one to five fractions groups. The Methodological Index for Non‐randomized Studies (MINORS) was used to assess the quality of studies. Local control (LC) and overall survival (OS) were presented for the included studies and a pooled value was calculated by the weighted average.ResultsThe 38 included studies comprised 3,754 patients with 4,731 lesions. The average 1‐year LCs for the one to five fractions were 92.7%, 84.6%, 86.8%, 82.6%, and 80.6%, respectively. The average 1‐year OS for the one to five fractions were 53.0%, 70.4%, 60.1%, 48%, and 80%, respectively. The 24 Gy/single fraction scheme had a higher 1‐year LC (98.1%) than those of 24 Gy/two fractions (85.4%), 27 Gy/three fractions (84.9%), and 24 Gy/three fractions (89.0%). The incidence of vertebral compression fracture was 10.3%, with 10.7% in the single‐fraction group and 10.1% in the multi‐fraction group. The incidence of radiation‐induced myelopathy was 0.19%; three and two patients were treated with single‐fraction and multi‐fraction SBRT, respectively. The incidence of radiculopathy was 0.30% and all but one patient were treated with multi‐fraction SBRT.ConclusionsSBRT provided satisfactory efficacy and acceptable safety for spinal metastases. Single‐fraction SBRT demonstrated a higher local control rate than those of the other factions, especially the 24 Gy dose. The risk of vertebral compression fracture (VCF) was slightly higher in single‐fraction SBRT and more patients developed radiculopathy after multi‐fraction SBRT.
Modulation of Pharmacologically Relevant Properties of Piperidine Derivatives by Functional Groups in an Equatorial or Axial β‐Position to the Amino Group
Authors: Schnider Patrick , Dolente Cosimo , Stalder Henri , Martin Rainer E. , Reinmüller Viktoria , Marty Roman , Wyss Gramberg Caroline , Wagner Björn , Fischer Holger , Alker André M. , Müller Klaus 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThirteen epimeric pairs of 5‐substituted N‐piperonyl‐3‐phenylpiperidine derivatives were synthesized in order to explore the stereospecific modulation of basicity, lipophilicity, aqueous solubility, and membrane permeation by functional groups in equatorial or axial positions beta to the amine unit. While this comprehensive data set provides enhanced insight into multiple factors that affect basicity and lipophilicity, it fills an important knowledge gap, providing a frame of reference for the property‐based design of bioactive compounds. Impacts on amine basicity are very pronounced for the β‐equatorial functional groups and parallel basicity‐lowering effects known for acyclic amine derivatives. For β‐axial functional groups, the basicity‐lowering effects are generally decreased, with the nitrile group as the only exception. Basicity and lipophilicity modulations observed for β‐axial functional groups are quite diverse and rationalized in terms of intramolecular hydrogen bonding, dipolar interactions, and special solvation effects. Aqueous solubility and (artificial) membrane permeability are discussed with reference to lipophilicity.
miR‐938 promotes cell proliferation by regulating RBM5 in lung adenocarcinoma cells
Authors: Qian Taotao , Shi Shunbin , Xie Lincen , Zhu Yong 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA growing body of research suggests that microRNAs (miRNAs) may play a key part in the progression of various cancers, including lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). However, the expression and mechanism of miR‐938 (microRNA‐938) in LUAD have not been defined. Compared with adjacent tissues, the level of miR‐938 was up‐regulated in LUAD tissues. miR‐938 expression was significantly associated with tumor size. In vitro assays indicated that miR‐938 expression was also increased in the LUAD cell lines. Overexpression of miR‐938 promoted LUAD cell proliferation, whereas down‐regulation of miR‐938 had the opposite effect. We identified RNA‐binding protein 5 (RBM5) as a potential target gene of miR‐938 in LUAD. Expression of RBM5 was down‐regulated in LUAD tumor tissues and negatively correlated with expression of miR‐938. Up‐regulation of RBM5 reversed cell proliferation by inhibition of miR‐938 expression in LUAD cells. These results showed that miR‐938 may act as an oncogenic miRNA by targeting RBM5 in LUAD, indicating that miR‐938 could be used as a potential therapeutic target for LUAD patients.
Carboxylation of Toluene with CO2‐derived Dimethyl Carbonate over Amorphous Ti−Zr Mixed‐metal Oxide Catalysts
Authors: Liu Hailong , Li Zelong , Wang Jijie , Lu Shengmei , Wang Mengmeng , Liu Yan , Li Can 
Published: September 2019

AbstractCarboxylation of arenes utilizing CO2 into value‐added chemicals has received much attention but remains a challenge. Herein, we report a Ti−Zr oxide catalyst which shows high activity in the carboxylation of toluene with CO2‐derived dimethyl carbonate (DMC) into methyl methylbenzoates, while the individual TiO2 and ZrO2 component show poor catalytic performance. It was found that the excellent performance is related to the amorphous state of the Ti−Zr mixed‐metal oxide which possesses high acidity and moderate basicity together with high specific surface area.
Removal of Bisphenol A Using Magnetically Responsive Spruce Chip Biochar
Authors: Baldikova Eva , Pospiskova Kristyna , Safarik Ivo 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBisphenol A was efficiently adsorbed on biochar magnetically modified with microwave‐synthesized magnetic iron oxide particles. The adsorption followed the Langmuir isotherm model, and the maximum adsorption capacity was 77.4 mg per gram of magnetic biochar at 282.15 K. Kinetics of sorption process followed the pseudo‐second‐order kinetic model, and thermodynamic studies described an exothermic and spontaneous adsorption process. The prepared material exhibited high adsorption of bisphenol A and a rapid magnetic response to an external magnetic field.
Isoreticular Expansion of Metal–Organic Frameworks via Pillaring of Metal Templated Tunable Building Layers: Hydrogen Storage and Selective CO2 Capture
Authors: Maity Kartik , Nath Karabi , Sinnwell Michael A. , Motkuri Radha Kishan , Thallapally Praveen K. , Biradha Kumar 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe deliberate construction of isoreticular eea‐metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) (Cu‐eea‐1, Cu‐eea‐2 and Cu‐eea‐3) and rtl‐MOFs (Co‐rtl‐1 and Co‐rtl‐2) has been accomplished based on the ligand‐to‐axial pillaring of supermolecular building layers. The use of different metal ions resulted in two types of supermolecular building layers (SBLs): Kagome (kgm) and square lattices (sql) which further interconnect to form anticipated 3D‐MOFs. The isoreticular expansion of (3,6)‐connected Cu‐MOFs has been achieved with desired eea‐topology based on kgm building layers. In addition, two (3,6)‐connected Co‐rtl‐MOFs were also successfully constructed based on sql building layers. The Cu‐eea‐MOFs were shown to act as hydrogen storage materials with appreciable amount of hydrogen uptake abilities. Moreover Cu‐eea‐MOFs have also exhibited remarkable CO2 capture ability at ambient condition compared to nitrogen and methane, due to the presence of amide functionalities.
A Self‐Healing Metal–Organic Hydrogel for an All‐Solid Flexible Supercapacitor
Authors: Karan Chandan Kumar , Mallick Sourav , Raj C. Retna , Bhattacharjee Manish 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA zinc containing metal–organic gel (Zn‐MOG) with embedded free ions, which exhibits self‐healing properties, has been synthesized for application in supercapacitors. The activated carbon‐based flexible supercapacitor device with the MOG electrolyte has a broad potential window of 2.1 V, with high retention of specific capacitance compared to the traditional polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)‐based gel. The Zn‐MOG does not require an additional electrolyte. The sodium and sulphate ions embedded in the MOG are sufficient enough for the charge storage.
Potential Precursors for Terminal Methylidene Rare‐Earth‐Metal Complexes Supported by a Superbulky Tris(pyrazolyl)borato Ligand
Authors: Birkelbach Verena M. , Thim Renita , Stuhl Christoph , Maichle‐Mössmer Cäcilia , Anwander Reiner 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA series of solvent‐free heteroleptic terminal rare‐earth‐metal alkyl complexes stabilized by a superbulky tris(pyrazolyl)borato ligand with the general formula [TptBu,MeLnMeR] have been synthesized and fully characterized. Treatment of the heterobimetallic mixed methyl/tetramethylaluminate compounds [TptBu,MeLnMe(AlMe4)] (Ln=Y, Lu) with two equivalents of the mild halogenido transfer reagents SiMe3X (X=Cl, I) gave [TptBu,MeLnX2] in high yields. The addition of only one equivalent of SiMe3Cl to [TptBu,MeLuMe(AlMe4)] selectively afforded the desired mixed methyl/chloride complex [TptBu,MeLuMeCl]. Further reactivity studies of [TptBu,MeLuMeCl] with LiR or KR (R=CH2Ph, CH2SiMe3) through salt metathesis led to the monomeric mixed‐alkyl derivatives [TptBu,MeLuMe(CH2SiMe3)] and [TptBu,MeLuMe(CH2Ph)], respectively, in good yields. The SiMe4 elimination protocols were also applicable when using SiMe3X featuring more weakly coordinating moieties (here X=OTf, NTf2). X‐ray structure analyses of this diverse set of new [TptBu,MeLnMeR/X] compounds were performed to reveal any electronic and steric effects of the varying monoanionic ligands R and X, including exact cone‐angle calculations of the tridentate tris(pyrazolyl)borato ligand. Deeper insights into the reactivity of these potential precursors for terminal alkylidene rare‐earth‐metal complexes were gained through NMR spectroscopic studies.
Does the addition of chemotherapy to neoadjuvant radiotherapy impact survival in high‐risk extremity/trunk soft‐tissue sarcoma?
Authors: Chowdhary Mudit , Chowdhary Akansha , Sen Neilayan , Zaorsky Nicholas G. , Patel Kirtesh R. , Wang Dian 
Published: September 2019

BackgroundThe role of chemotherapy in extremity/trunk soft‐tissue sarcoma (ET‐STS) is controversial, even for patients at high risk for distant recurrence and death (those with high‐grade tumors ≥5 cm in size). This study examines the impact of integrating chemotherapy with neoadjuvant radiotherapy (RT) on overall survival (OS) for patients with high‐risk ET‐STS.MethodsThe National Cancer Data Base was queried for adult patients with high‐risk ET‐STS who received neoadjuvant RT and limb salvage surgery between 2006 and 2014. Patients were stratified into RT and chemoradiotherapy (CRT) cohorts. OS for the RT and CRT cohorts was analyzed with the Kaplan‐Meier method, log‐rank tests, and Cox proportional hazards models. Propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was used to account for a potential treatment selection bias between the cohorts.ResultsA total of 884 patients were identified: 639 (72.3%) in the RT cohort and 245 (27.7%) in the CRT cohort. The unadjusted 5‐year Kaplan‐Meier OS rate was significantly higher in the CRT cohort: 72.0% versus 56.1% (P < .001). Neoadjuvant chemotherapy was associated with improved OS in univariate and multivariable analyses (hazard ratio [HR], 0.57; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.41‐0.78; P < .001). PSM identified 2 evenly matched cohorts of 212 patients each. The 5‐year matched Kaplan‐Meier OS rates were 69.8% and 55.4% for the CRT and RT cohorts, respectively (P = .002). The addition of neoadjuvant chemotherapy remained prognostic for OS on PSM (HR, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.39‐0.83; P = .003).ConclusionsThe addition of chemotherapy to neoadjuvant RT was associated with improved OS for patients with high‐risk ET‐STS. In the absence of randomized data evaluating CRT versus RT, these findings warrant further investigation.
Enhanced Performance and Stability of TiO2‐Nanoparticles‐Based Perovskite Solar Cells Employing a Cheap Polymeric Surface Modifier
Authors: Zhuang Qixin , You Guofeng , Wang Lijun , Lin Xinyu , Zou Ding , Zhen Hongyu , Ling Qidan 
Published: September 2019

AbstractInterface engineering of TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs)‐based perovskite solar cells (PVSCs) is often necessary to facilitate the extraction and transport of charge carriers. In this work, poly[{9,9‐bis[3′‐(N,N‐dimethyl)propyl]‐2,7‐fluorene}‐alt‐2,7‐(9,9‐dioctylfluorene)] (PFN) and polystyrene (PS) are demonstrated to be effective surface modifiers of the TiO2 NPs electron‐transporting layer in n‐i‐p PVSCs. The low‐cost insulating polymer PS performs better than the PFN conjugated polymer owing to its high film quality, low surface energy and insulating characteristics. A peak power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 15.09 % with an open‐circuit voltage (VOC) of 1.05 V and a PCE of 17.13 % with an ultrahigh VOC of 1.18 V is achieved with TiO2 NPs/PS‐based PVSCs using poly[2‐methoxy‐5‐(2‐ethylhexyloxy)‐1,4‐phenylenevinylene] (MEH‐PPV) and spiro‐OMeTAD, respectively, as the hole‐transporting material.
Automatic Bone Marrow Cellularity Estimation in H&E Stained Whole Slide Images
Authors: Nielsen Frederik Skou , Pedersen Mads Jozwiak , Olsen Mathias Vassard , Larsen Morten Skaarup , Røge Rasmus , Jørgensen Alex Skovsbo 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBone marrow cellularity is an important measure in diagnostic hematopathology. Currently, the gold standard for bone marrow cellularity estimation is manual inspection of hematoxylin and eosin stained whole slide images (H&E WSI) by hematopathologists. However, these assessments are subjective and subject to interobserver and intraobserver variability. This may be reduced by using a computer‐assisted estimate of bone marrow cellularity. The aim of this study was to develop a fully automated algorithm to estimate bone marrow cellularity in H&E WSI stains using bone marrow segmentation. Data consisted of eight bone marrow H&E WSIs extracted from eight subjects. An algorithm was developed to estimate the bone marrow cellularity consisting of biopsy segmentation, tissue classification, and bone marrow segmentation. Segmentations of the red and yellow bone marrow (YBM) were used to estimate the bone marrow cellularity within the WSI H&E stains. The DICE coefficient between automatic tissue segmentations and ground truth segmentations conducted by an experienced hematopathologist were used for validation. Furthermore, the agreement between the automatic and two manual cellularity estimates was assessed using Bland–Altman plots and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). The validation of the bone marrow segmentation demonstrated an average DICE of 0.901 and 0.920 for the red and YBM, respectively. A mean cellularity estimate difference of −0.552 and − 7.816 was obtained between the automatic cellularity estimates and two manual cellularity estimates, respectively. An ICC of 0.980 (95%CI: 0.925–0.995, P‐value: 5.51 × 10−7) was obtained between the automatic and manual cellularity estimates based on manual annotations. The study demonstrated that it was possible to obtain bone marrow cellularity estimates with a good agreement with bone marrow cellularity estimates obtained from an experienced hematopathologist. © 2019 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry