bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Energetic and exergetic analyses of Barnyard millet drying using continuous multistage fluidized bed dryer
Authors: Devani Yogendrasasidhar , Yelamarthi Pydi Setty 
Published: September 2019

AbstractMost of the exergy studies reported were in batch fluidized bed drying process. The continuous dryer plays a pivotal role in industrial usage. In this study, exergy and energy analyses of multistage fluidized bed drying of Barnyard millet with stages connected externally were examined. The dryer was operated by changing wall temperature of stages (313–328 K), air inlet velocity (1.01–1.3 m/s), downcomer height (50–70 mm), and flow rate of solids (5–10 kg/h). Drying characteristics of Barnyard millet by changing process operating conditions of the dryer, were reported and the energy utilization ratio, exergy loss and exergy efficiency of dryer were also reported. The EUR of dryer at steady state has been found to be in the range of 0.25–0.46 and the maximum exergy efficiency of dryer was observed as 0.64 and lowest as 0.371 in the continuous drying process.Practical ApplicationsFluidized beds offer many distinct features and advantages for processing of particulate food materials. To decrease the drying time than that for single stage dryers, continuous multistage fluidized bed dryer was introduced. Reducing moisture content from feed materials in continuous dryers while discharging continuously, helps to process large quantity of solid materials with good quality of product. Several dryers with different modifications and designs have been suggested by many earlier investigators but continuous dryers play significant role in particulate industry. The multistage dryer is designed by connecting two or more fluidized beds internally or externally, where each bed is termed as a stage. Advantages of the multistage dryer are improvement in gas–solid axial mixing, which results in good quality of product. Due to stage‐wise contact of solids with gas, dried product with uniform moisture content can be obtained.
Feasibility of observational screening colonoscopy followed by deferred polypectomy
Authors: Sekiguchi Masau , Kakugawa Yasuo , Nakamura Keiko , Matsumoto Minori , Takamaru Hiroyuki , Yamada Masayoshi , Sakamoto Taku , Saito Yutaka , Matsuda Takahisa 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackground and AimWith the increasing necessity of colorectal cancer screening, observational screening colonoscopy during which only endoscopic observation and diagnosis is performed is worth consideration. However, whether detected lesions can be correctly identified at secondary colonoscopy performed for polypectomy is unclear. Further, whether new neoplastic lesions can be detected at secondary colonoscopy has not been fully examined. This study was performed to investigate the detectability of adenomatous polyps and advanced colorectal neoplasia (ACN) at secondary colonoscopy.MethodsData were analyzed from individuals who underwent initial observational screening colonoscopy followed by secondary colonoscopy for polypectomy. The proportion of correct detection at secondary colonoscopy of the lesions detected at initial colonoscopy was assessed. The number and characteristics of lesions that were newly detected at secondary colonoscopy were also evaluated.ResultsData of 587 individuals were assessed. Among the 1 331 lesions detected at the initial colonoscopy, 1 151 (86.5%) were properly detected at the secondary colonoscopy. The proportions of correct detection at the secondary colonoscopy for ACN, non‐advanced adenomas sized 5 to 9 mm, and non‐advanced adenomas sized 1 to 4 mm were 100%, 95.4%, and 70.3%, respectively. In total, 175 adenomatous polyps and ACNs were newly detected at secondary colonoscopy in 112 individuals (19.1% of all individuals). Most of the lesions (165 lesions, 94.3%) were non‐advanced adenomas, while advanced adenomas (5.7%) were also found.ConclusionScreening by observational colonoscopy followed by deferred polypectomy is a feasible option in terms of lesion detectability, particularly when lesions sized ≥ 5 mm are the treatment target.
Non‐immunological biomarkers for assessment of villous abnormalities in patients with celiac disease
Authors: Singh Alka , Verma Anil K , Das Prasenjit , Prakash Shyam , Pramanik Raja , Nayak B , Datta Gupta Siddhartha , Sreenivas V , Kumar Lalit , Ahuja Vineet , Makharia Govind K 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackground and AimDemonstration of villous abnormalities is an essential component of diagnosis of celiac disease (CeD) that requires duodenal biopsies. There is a need for non‐invasive biomarker(s) that can predict the presence of villous abnormalities.MethodsLevels of plasma citrulline, plasma intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I‐FABP), and serum regenerating gene 1α (Reg1α) were estimated in treatment naïve patients with CeD and controls. The levels of these biomarkers and their cyclical pattern were validated in a predicted model of enteropathy. Optimum diagnostic cut‐off values were derived, and the results were further validated in a prospective validation cohort.ResultsWhile level of plasma citrulline was significantly lower, the levels of plasma I‐FABP and serum Reg1α were significantly higher in patients with CeD (n = 131) in comparison with healthy (n = 216) and disease controls (n = 133), and their levels reversed after a gluten‐free diet (GFD). In the model of predicted enteropathy (n = 70), a sequential decrease and then increase in the level of plasma citrulline was observed; such a sequential change was not observed with I‐FABP and Reg1α. The diagnostic accuracy for prediction of presence of villous abnormality was 89% and 78% if citrulline level was ≤ 30 μM/L and I‐FABP levels were ≥ 1100 pg/mL, respectively. The results were validated in a prospective validation cohort (n = 104) with a sensitivity and specificity of 79.5% and 83.1%, respectively, for predicting villous abnormalities of modified Marsh grade > 2 at calculated cut‐off values of citrulline and I‐FABP.ConclusionsPlasma citrulline ≤ 30 μM/L is the most consistent, highly reproducible non‐invasive biomarker that can predict the presence of villous abnormality and has the potential for avoiding duodenal biopsies in 78% patients suspected to have CeD.
Syntactic development in children with intellectual disabilities – using structured assessment of syntax
Authors: Koizumi M. , Saito Y. , Kojima M. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundChildren with intellectual disabilities (IDs) have a severe delay in syntactic development compared with other language abilities. This study investigated conditions of syntactic development in native Japanese‐speaking children with ID.MethodsChildren with ID [N = 51; 18 autism spectrum disorders (ASD), 18 Down syndrome (DS) and 15 ID without ASD and DS] were compared with typically developing children (N = 78) with the same mental age (MA). The development of syntax in spoken language was examined by receptive and production tasks.ResultsThe development of syntax in children with ID was significantly delayed than in typically developing children with the same MA. However, when reaching the MA of 7–9, syntax abilities started to develop remarkably. Moreover, children with ASD had significant difficulties in acquiring passive voice, whereas children with DS showed a significant delay in syntactic development.ConclusionsThe development of syntax in children with ID might be affected by MA and the type of disability. Moreover, it is necessary to exceed an MA of 7–9 years for children with ID to develop syntax abilities.
Implementation Science Training and Resources for Nurses and Nurse Scientists
Authors: Boehm Leanne M. , Stolldorf Deonni P. , Jeffery Alvin D. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this article is to describe the differences between quality improvement and implementation science, the urgency for nurses and nurse scientists to engage in implementation science, and international educational opportunities and resources for implementation science.Organizing ConstructThere is a push for providing safe, effective, patient‐centered, timely, efficient, and equitable health care. Implementation science plays a key role in adoption and integration of evidence‐based practices to improve quality of care.MethodsWe reviewed implementation science programs, organizations, and literature to analyze the roles of nurses and nurse scientists in translating evidence into routine practice.FindingsImplementation‐trained nurses and nurse scientists are needed as part of multidisciplinary teams to advance implementation science because of their unique understanding of contextual barriers within nursing practice. Likewise, nurses are uniquely qualified for recognizing what implementation strategies are needed to improve nursing care across practice settings.ConclusionsMany international clinical and training resources exist and are supplied to aid interested readers in learning more about implementation science.Clinical RelevanceHalf of research evidence never reaches the clinical setting, and the other half takes 20 years to translate into clinical practice. Implementation science‐trained nurses are in a position to be excellent improvers for meaningful change in practice.
Novel interpenetrating polymer network provides significant and long‐lasting improvements in hydration to the skin from different body areas
Authors: Falla Timothy , Rodan Katie , Fields Kathy , Bianchini Robert , Mahon Cullin , Skobowiat Cezary 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundHydration and moisturization both impact skin quality, directly reflecting its appearance. Signs and onset of dehydration‐related skin aging are region‐specific and require tailored treatment to be effective.AimsTo test the hydrating effects of formulas containing a novel 3‐dimensional 3‐polymer interpenetrating network (3D3P‐IPN) to deliver humectants and actives to specific body sites.MethodsTwo clinical studies were conducted focused on the skin under eyes and body (arms/legs). Healthy women ages 25‐65 (eyes) or 35‐65 (body) with mild to moderate dry and aged skin were enrolled. Study product containing the 3D3P‐IPN and tailored actives was applied twice daily for 8 weeks on the periorbital area and for 4 weeks on the body. Changes in skin attributes were measured by biophysical instrumentation for hydration, dark circles, skin color, elasticity and transepidermal water loss, and by clinical grading and subject self‐assessment.ResultsSignificant improvements in hydration and skin smoothing were demonstrated in both studies. In the periorbital region, actives and humectants delivered by the 3D3P‐IPN also led to significant improvements in dark circles, fine lines/crow's feet, puffiness, restoring radiance, and overall younger‐looking appearance. On the arms and legs, there were significant reductions in crepiness and dullness. The arms and legs also had improvements in tactile and visual skin texture, radiance, and general healthy look. Improvements were immediate and persisted through the end of both studies.ConclusionThe 3D3P‐IPN provides immediate and long‐lasting improvements in skin hydration and overall healthy appearance regardless of the targeted application site.
Multiparametric 3D Contrast‐Enhanced Ultrasound to Assess Internal Carotid Artery Stenosis: A Pilot Study
Authors: Pelz Johann Otto , Weinreich Anna , Schob Stefan , Saur Dorothee 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND PURPOSEExtracranial internal carotid artery stenoses (ICASs) may greatly differ with respect to morphological and hemodynamical aspects. The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the use of multiparametric 3‐dimensional (3D) contrast‐enhanced ultrasound (3D‐CEUS) to comprehensively examine ICAS.METHODSFifteen patients with moderate to severe ICAS were examined with multiparametric 3D‐CEUS, power‐mode 3D ultrasound (3DUS), color‐coded duplex sonography (CDS), and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) (n = 9). Multiparametric 3D‐CEUS comprised the assessment of the morphology and the stenotic degree of ICAS and the measurement of the ipsistenotic cerebral circulation time (CCT).RESULTSMultiparametric 3D‐CEUS reliably visualized even complex aspects of ICAS such as ulcerated or heavily calcified plaques with high spatial resolution. When comparing the different methods to quantify ICAS, the intermethod agreement was good (ranging from poor to excellent) between 3D‐CEUS and CDS, moderate (ranging from poor to good) between 3D‐CEUS and DSA, and poor (ranging from poor to good) between CDS and DSA. The CCT was significantly longer in patients with ICAS than in healthy subjects (8.2 ± 1.5 seconds vs. 6.5 ± 1.3 seconds, P = .026).CONCLUSIONIn this pilot study, bedside multiparametric 3D‐CEUS provided reliable estimations of different morphological and hemodynamical aspects of ICAS, thus ideally complementing CDS.
Why is free education so popular? A political economy explanation
Authors: Correa Juan A. , Lu Yijia , Parro Francisco , Villena Mauricio 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis paper analyzes the political support for different funding regimes of education in a one‐person, one‐vote democracy. We focus the analysis on four systems that have had a preponderant presence in the political debate on education: a private system, a public system that delivers the same resources to each student (universal‐free education), a public system that intends to equalize results, and a public system that aims to maximize the output of the economy. We show that a system of universal free education is the Condorcet winner. The level of income inequality and the degree to which income distribution is skewed to the right are key factors behind this conclusion. We also show that the voting outcome of public versus private funding for education depends crucially on the type of public funding under consideration.
Behaviour and welfare of fattening lambs supplemented with varying sizes and types of straw
Authors: Aguayo‐Ulloa Lorena A. , Pascual‐Alonso Maria , González‐Lagos César , Miranda‐de la Lama Genaro C. , Villarroel Morris , Asenjo Begoña , Resconi Virginia , María Gustavo A. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe aim was to evaluate the effect of size (long or chopped wheat straw), type (barley or wheat) and presence/absence (1 week) of straw supplementation on behaviour and welfare of fattening lambs. Sixteen lambs (65 days) were individually housed to be used in two simultaneous experiments (8 lambs each) for 5 weeks of fattening. After a habituation period, they were offered straw that differed either in size (Experiment 1) or type (Experiment 2), which was followed by a week without straw and then reallocation of straw. Maintenance behaviours, play and stereotypies were analysed using video recording. Physiological stress responses were measured using blood samples taken at the end of the week without straw and after the reallocation of the straw. A preference test was performed during the last week. Concentrate and roughage consumption, average daily gain and conversion index were estimated. Lambs provided with long straw spent more time eating forage, playing and performed fewer stereotypies (Experiment 1). Lambs given wheat straw increased their play behaviour compared with those given barley straw, without affecting stereotypies (Experiment 2). When the straw was removed, lambs performed more behaviours associated with stress; however, this was not reflected in blood stress indicators. Lambs clearly preferred long straw over chopped straw, but no clear preference was observed between wheat and barley straw. The amount of forage intake was consistent with the time spent eating forage, but the amount of concentrate intake did not vary with eating concentrate behaviour, since the amount of concentrate intake was higher when the straw was removed, especially in Experiment 2. Our results show that size more than type of straw supplement impact the behaviour of lambs. Long straw reduces the stereotypies and increases play. This may improve the welfare and performance of fattening lambs, adding ethical value to a highly appreciated product.
Comparison of clinical, clinicopathologic, and histologic variables in dogs with chronic inflammatory enteropathy and low or normal serum 25‐hydroxycholecalciferol concentrations
Authors: Jablonski Wennogle Sara A. , Priestnall Simon L. , Suárez‐Bonnet Alejandro , Webb Craig B. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe cause of low serum vitamin D concentrations in dogs with chronic inflammatory enteropathy (CIE) is not well understood.ObjectiveImprove understanding of pathogenesis of low serum vitamin D concentrations in dogs with CIE by comparing several clinical, clinicopathologic, and histologic variables between CIE dogs with low and normal serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D concentrations (25[OH]D).AnimalsFifteen dogs with CIE and low serum 25[OH]D concentrations; 15 dogs with CIE and normal serum 25(OH)D concentrations.MethodsProspective cohort study. Clinical and clinicopathologic variables were compared between groups. Correlations between serum 25(OH)D concentration and histopathologic variables were assessed.ResultsDogs with CIE and low serum 25(OH)D concentrations had higher canine chronic enteropathy clinical activity index scores (P = .003), lower serum α‐tocopherol (P < .001), cholesterol (P < .001), and albumin (P < .001) concentrations and higher serum C‐reactive protein (P = .004) concentrations compared to CIE dogs with normal serum 25(OH)D concentrations. Serum concentrations of vitamin D‐binding protein (VDBP) were not different between groups (P = .91). Duodenal morphologic and inflammatory histopathological scores (P = .002 and P = .004, respectively) and total histopathological scores in duodenum and combined duodenum and ileum negatively correlated with serum 25(OH)D concentration.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceThe pathogenesis of low serum vitamin D concentrations in dogs with CIE is likely multifactorial. Fat malabsorption deserves further study in dogs with low serum vitamin D concentration and CIE. Loss of VDBP does not appear to be an important cause of low serum vitamin D concentration in dogs with CIE.
Gender and age differences in symptoms and health‐related quality of life in patients with atrial fibrillation referred for catheter ablation
Authors: Walfridsson Ulla , Steen Hansen Peter , Charitakis Emmanouil , Almroth Henrik , Jönsson Anders , Karlsson Lars O. , Liuba Ioan , Samo Ayou Romeo , Poci Dritan , Holmqvist Fredrik , Kongstad Ole , Walfridsson Håkan 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundPrimary indication for catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF) is to reduce symptoms and improve health‐related quality of life (HRQoL). There are data showing differences between the genders and between younger and older patients. To evaluate this, we studied a large Scandinavian cohort of patients referred for catheter ablation of AF.MethodsConsecutive patients filled out the ASTA questionnaire, assessing symptoms, HRQoL, and perception of arrhythmia, prior to ablation. Patients were recruited from four Swedish and one Danish tertiary center.ResultsA total of 2493 patients (72% men) filled out the ASTA questionnaire. Women experienced eight of the nine ASTA scale symptoms more often than men. Patients <65 years reported four symptoms more often, only tiredness was more frequent in those ≥65 years (P = .007). Women and patients <65 years experienced more often palpitations and regarding close to fainting and this was more common among women, no age differences were seen. Women and men scored differently in 10 of the 13 HRQoL items. Only negative impact on sexual life was more common in men (P < .001). Older patients reported more negative influence in four of the HRQoL items and the younger in one; ability to concentrate.ConclusionsWomen experienced a more pronounced symptom burden and were more negatively affected in all HRQoL concerns, except for the negative impact on sexual life, where men reported more influence of AF. Differences between age groups were less pronounced. Disease‐specific patient‐reported outcomes measures (PROMs) add important information where gender differences should be considered in the care.
Haplotype analysis in a 16‐year‐old boy with vancomycin‐induced DRESS syndrome
Authors: Ercan Nazlı , Yeşillik Sait , Demirel Fevzi , Tırık Nihan , Kartal Özgür 
Published: September 2019

AbstractDrug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) is a rare but life‐threatening multisystem adverse reaction to a medication, with vancomycin being one of the most common cause reported. We present the HLA analysis of a pediatric patient who developed DRESS related to vancomycin and compared the results with the available literature. With further data, the use of pretreatment HLA analysis to prevent vancomycin related DRESS may be a valuable option in the near future.
The Itch that… freckles? Development of lentigines in areas of resolved chronic atopic dermatitis
Authors: Shayegan Leila H. , Lauren Christine T. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractWe report two pediatric patients with a history of chronic lichenified atopic dermatitis (AD) who subsequently developed eruptive lentigines at sites of resolved AD. The occurrence of this phenomenon in eczematous dermatoses in the absence of topical calcineurin inhibitor (TCI) use is rarely reported in the literature.
Mixed epithelial and stromal tumor after pediatric kidney transplant
Authors: Ferdjallah Asmaa , Gordon Peter , Kirankumar Veena , Dietz Kelly , Bu Lihong , Verghese Priya 
Published: September 2019

AbstractMEST of the kidney are a benign group of tumors with very rare incidence of malignant transformation. First described in 1998, this tumor has never been reported in a transplanted organ before. We present a unique case of de novo MEST in a donor kidney 4 years after transplant into a pediatric patient. Although removal of the lesions is curative without risking malignant transformation, in this case, surgical removal was not attempted to prevent reduction in transplant longevity. In this unique report of MEST in a transplanted kidney, we describe the patient/transplant outcomes without MEST resection.
Vertical specialization in North–South trade: Industrial relocation, wage and welfare
Authors: Kurata Hiroshi , Nomura Ryoichi , Suga Nobuhito 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis paper presents a North–South trade model with vertically linked industries and examines how declining costs of trade across stages of production encourage vertical specialization and affect wages and welfare. As trade costs fall below a threshold, the production of all final goods relocates to the South and vertical specialization emerges. In some industries, production of intermediate goods also relocates against comparative costs because of benefits of co‐location, and further declines in trade costs lead to reshoring. A country may temporarily lose from falling trade costs, but both countries can be better off after trade costs fall sufficiently.