bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intravascular ultrasound guided wiring re‐entry technique for complex chronic total occlusions
Authors: Huang Wei‐Chieh , Teng Hsin‐I , Hsueh Chien‐Hung , Lin Shing‐Jong , Chan Wan‐Leong , Lu Tse‐Min 
Published: May 2018

BackgroundThe successful recanalization rate of chronic total occlusion (CTO) lesions without retrograde collaterals available is always low. Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) may be useful to guide the subintimal guidewire to re‐enter the true lumen. We evaluated the clinical feasibility and efficacy of the IVUS‐guided wiring re‐entry technique for these complex CTO lesions.MethodsTwenty consecutive patients (19 male, mean age: 65.3 ± 12.8 years) with both failed antegrade and retrograde approaches were enrolled. The IVUS catheter was introduced into the subintimal space to identify the entry point into the subintimal space, and guide another stiff wire to re‐enter the true lumen with the adjacent side‐branch or first wire as markers, or using IVUS‐guided parallel wire technique.ResultsThe entry point into the subintimal space was identified by IVUS in all cases, and the IVUS‐guided wiring re‐entry technique succeeded in 17 cases (85%). No procedure‐related complication was noted except one case of delayed cardiac tamponade due to the wire perforation. During the mean follow‐up period of 1.9 ± 1.3 years, there was no adverse cardiac event, except one patient died of the complication of cardiac transplantation.ConclusionThe IVUS‐guided wiringre‐entry technique might be feasible and safe for the recanalization of complex CTO lesions.
MiR-505 mediates methotrexate resistance in colorectal cancer by targeting RASSF8
Authors: Chen Yalin , Bian Li , Zhang Yingmei 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

Objective
To investigate the relationship between miR-505 and RASSF8 as well as the effect of miR-505 on methotrexate (MTX) resistance of human colorectal cancer (CRC).

Methods
Microarray was used to select differentially expressed miRNAs. QRT-PCR and western blot were performed to assess miR-505 and RASSF8 mRNA levels in MTX-sensitive and MTX-resistant CRC tissues and cells. Cell viability, propagation and apoptosis were confirmed by MTT, colony formation assays and flow cytometry. Transwell and wound healing assays were conducted on cancerous cells to determine cell metastasis. The target relationship between miR-505 and RASSF8 was validated using dual-luciferase reporter gene assay.

Key findings
MiR-505 expression significantly increased in resistant tissues compared with sensitive tissues. Down-regulation of miR-505 expression weakened the proliferation ability of LS174T and LS174T/MTX cells, induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis rate. RASSF8 was a target of miR-505 and overexpression of miR-505 down-regulated RASSF8 mRNA and protein expression. Overexpression of RASSF8 could affect the cycle of CRC cells, accelerate apoptosis as well as restrain migration and invasion. Moreover, miR-505 advanced MTX-induced LS174T cells migration and invasiveness as well as depressed LS174T/MTX cell apoptosis through the down-regulation of RASSF8.

Conclusion
MiR-505 mediated MTX resistance, propagation, cell cycle and metastasis by targeting RASSF8 in colorectal cancer.
The novel cyst nematode effector protein 30D08 targets host nuclear functions to alter gene expression in feeding sites
Authors: Verma Anju , Lee Chris , Morriss Stephanie , Odu Fiona , Kenning Charlotte , Rizzo Nancy , Spollen William G. , Lin Marriam , McRae Amanda G. , Givan Scott A. , Hewezi Tarek , Hussey Richard , Davis Eric L. , Baum Thomas J. , Mitchum Melissa G. 
Published: May 2018

Summary

Cyst nematodes deliver effector proteins into host cells to manipulate cellular processes and establish a metabolically hyperactive feeding site. The novel 30D08 effector protein is produced in the dorsal gland of parasitic juveniles, but its function has remained unknown.

We demonstrate that expression of 30D08 contributes to nematode parasitism, the protein is packaged into secretory granules and it is targeted to the plant nucleus where it interacts with SMU2 (homolog of suppressor of mec‐8 and unc‐52 2), an auxiliary spliceosomal protein.

We show that SMU2 is expressed in feeding sites and an smu2 mutant is less susceptible to nematode infection. In Arabidopsis expressing 30D08 under the SMU2 promoter, several genes were found to be alternatively spliced and the most abundant functional classes represented among differentially expressed genes were involved in RNA processing, transcription and binding, as well as in development, and hormone and secondary metabolism, representing key cellular processes known to be important for feeding site formation.

In conclusion, we demonstrated that the 30D08 effector is secreted from the nematode and targeted to the plant nucleus where its interaction with a host auxiliary spliceosomal protein may alter the pre‐mRNA splicing and expression of a subset of genes important for feeding site formation.
Modelling the management of forest ecosystems: Importance of wood decomposition
Authors: Blanco Juan A. , Page‐Dumroese Deborah S. , Jurgensen Martin F. , Curran Michael P. , Tirocke Joanne M. , Walitalo Joanna 
Published: May 2018

AbstractScarce and uncertain data on woody debris decomposition rates are available for calibrating forest ecosystem models, owing to the difficulty of their empirical estimations. Using field data from three experimental sites which are part of the North American Long‐Term Soil Productivity (LTSP) Study in south‐eastern British Columbia (Canada), we developed probability distributions of standard wood stake mass loss ofPopulus tremuloidesandPinus contorta. Using a Monte Carlo approach, 50 synthetic decomposition rate values per debris type were used to calibrate the ecosystem‐level forest model FORECAST. Significant effects of uncertainty of pine stake mass loss rates on estimated tree growth were found, especially in moderately managed forests, as estimations of available nitrogen were affected. Consequently, our work has shown that projections of tree growth under management conditions depend on accurate estimations of woody debris decomposition rates, and special effort should be done in create reliable databases of decomposition rates for their use in tree growth and yield modelling.Recommendations for Resource ManagersMaintaining woody debris on site, particularly large roots, should be favored. Significant influences of wood decomposition rates on tree growth were found, especially in moderately managed forests, because belowground woody debris became an important reservoir of nutrients needed to maintain tree growth rates. Forest floor and stump removal are therefore discouraged.When using ecological models for estimating tree growth, uncertainty associated with calibrating woody debris decomposition processes should be taken into consideration if moderate management is planned.Special efforts should be made to gather site‐ and species‐specific woody debris decomposition rates, particularly for medium and coarse roots (diameter above 2.5 cm). Creating a database of standardized branch and root decomposition rates would greatly reduce the uncertainty of model estimations of tree growth.
Unrelated and related donor transplantation for beta‐thalassemia major: A single‐center experience from India
Authors: John M. Joseph , Mathew Amrith , Philip Chepsy C. , Singh Sohan , Tanuja Tanuja , Kakkar Naveen 
Published: May 2018

AbstractHematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) remains the only curative treatment in patients with β‐thalassemia major. A matched sibling or a related donor is usually found in only 25%‐30% of the patients. There are limited data on matched unrelated donor (MUD) transplants from India. We reviewed HSCT outcome in 56 children with TM who underwent 57 transplants at our center. Related donor (RD) (n=43) and MUD (n=14) transplants were performed with TreoFluT‐based conditioning regimen in majority (95%) of patients. Peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) were the preferred (85%) source of stem cells. The overall survival (OS) at 1 year in RD and MUD groups was 87.6±5.2% and 85.7±9.4% at a median follow‐up of 25 (1‐92) months and 22.5 (1‐50) months, respectively (P=.757). The thalassemia‐free survival (TFS) at 1 year was 87.6±5.2% and 77.1±11.7% with a median follow‐up of 24 (1‐92) and 16.5 (1‐50) months, respectively (P=.487). Although acute (14% vs 64%) and chronic graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD) (13.9% vs 42.9%), infectious (39.5% vs 71.4%), and non‐infectious (37.2% vs 78.5%) complications are higher in MUD transplant group, the present data show a comparable OS and TFS among RD and MUD group with treosulfan‐based regimen using PBSC grafts.
Stratified Space–Time Infectious Disease Modelling, with an Application to Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease in China
Authors: Bauer Cici , Wakefield Jon 
Published: May 2018

SummaryWe extend an interesting class of space–time models for infectious disease data proposed by Held and co-workers, to analyse data on hand, foot and mouth disease, collected in the central north region of China over 2009–2011. We provide a careful derivation of the model and extend the model class in two directions. First, we model the disease transmission between age–gender strata, in addition to space and time. Second, we use our model for inference on effective local reproductive numbers. For the hand, foot and mouth data, for each of the six age–gender strata we consider that transmission is greatest between individuals within the same strata, with also relatively high transmission between individuals of the same age group but the opposite gender. The local reproductive numbers show strong seasonality, and between-area differences.
Brachial artery endothelial function is unchanged after acute sprint interval exercise in sedentary men and women
Authors: Shenouda Ninette , Skelly Lauren E. , Gibala Martin J. , MacDonald Maureen J. 
Published: May 2018

New Findings
What is the central question of this study?
What is the acute brachial artery endothelial function response to sprint interval exercise and are there sex‐based differences?

What is the main finding and its importance?
Brachial artery endothelial function did not change in either men or women following an acute session of SIT consisting of 3 × 20 s ‘all‐out’ cycling sprints. Our findings suggest this low‐volume protocol may not be sufficient to induce functional changes in the brachial artery of sedentary, but otherwise healthy adults.

AbstractSprint interval training (SIT) is a potent metabolic stimulus, but studies examining its acute effects on brachial artery endothelial function are limited. The influence of oestradiol on the acute arterial response to this type of exercise is also unknown. We investigated the brachial artery endothelial function response to a single session of SIT in sedentary healthy men (n = 8; 22 ± 4 years) and premenopausal women tested in the mid‐follicular phase of the menstrual cycle (n = 8; 21 ± 3 years). Participants performed 3 × 20 s ‘all‐out’ cycling sprints interspersed with 2 min of active recovery. Brachial artery flow‐mediated dilatation (FMD) and haemodynamic parameters were measured before and 1 and 24 h post‐exercise. Despite attenuations in some haemodynamic parameters at 1 h post‐exercise, there were no changes in absolute (P = 0.23), relative (P = 0.23) or allometrically scaled FMD (P = 0.38) following a single session of SIT. Resting and peak dilatory diameters did not change in men or women (P > 0.05 for all) and there were no interactions between time and sex for any measure (P > 0.05). Oestradiol was not correlated with relative FMD at baseline (r = −0.22, P = 0.42) or with the change in relative FMD from baseline to 1 h post‐exercise (r = 0.24, P = 0.40). Overall, brachial artery FMD appears to be unchanged in men and women following an acute session of SIT, and the higher oestradiol concentrations in women do not augment the baseline or post‐exercise FMD response. The 3 × 20 s model of low‐volume sprint interval exercise may not be sufficient to alter brachial artery endothelial function in healthy men and women.
High‐precision voluntary movements are largely independent of preceding vertex potentials elicited by sudden sensory events
Authors: Kilintari M. , Bufacchi R. J. , Novembre G. , Guo Y. , Haggard P. , Iannetti G. D. 
Published: May 2018

Key points
Salient and sudden sensory events generate a remarkably large response in the human brain, the vertex wave (VW).
The VW is coupled with a modulation of a voluntarily‐applied isometric force.
In the present study, we tested whether the VW is also related to executing high‐precision movements.
The execution of a voluntary high‐precision movement remains relatively independent of the brain activity reflected by the preceding VW.
The apparent relationship between the positive VW and movement onset time is explained by goal‐related but stimulus‐independent neural activities.
These results highlight the need to consider such goal‐related but stimulus‐independent neural activities when attempting to relate event‐related potential amplitude with perceptual and behavioural performance.
AbstractSalient and fast‐rising sensory events generate a large biphasic vertex wave (VW) in the human electroencephalogram (EEG). We recently reported that the VW is coupled with a modulation of concomitantly‐applied isometric force. In the present study, in five experiments, we tested whether the VW is also related to high‐precision visuomotor control. We obtained three results. First, the saliency‐induced increase in VW amplitude was paralleled by a modulation in two of the five extracted movement parameters: a reduction in the onset time of the voluntary movement (P < 0.005) and an increase in movement accuracy (P < 0.005). Second, spontaneous trial‐by‐trial variability in vertex wave amplitude, for a given level of stimulus saliency, was positively correlated with movement onset time (P < 0.001 in four out of five experiments). Third, this latter trial‐by‐trial correlation was explained by a widespread EEG negativity independent of the occurrence of the positive VW, although overlapping in time with it. These results indicate that (i) the execution of a voluntary high‐precision movement remains relatively independent of the neural processing reflected by the preceding VW, with (ii) the exception of movement onset time, for which saliency‐based contextual effects are dissociated from trial‐by‐trial effects. These results also indicate that (iii) attentional effects can produce spurious correlations between event‐related potentials (ERPs) and behavioural measures. Although sudden salient stimuli trigger characteristic EEG responses coupled with distinct reactive components within an ongoing isometric task, the results of the present study indicate that the execution of a subsequent voluntary movement appears largely protected from such saliency‐based modulation, with the exception of movement onset time.
Robust and accurate decoding of motoneuron behaviour and prediction of the resulting force output
Authors: Thompson Christopher K. , Negro Francesco , Johnson Michael D. , Holmes Matthew R. , McPherson Laura Miller , Powers Randall K. , Farina Dario , Heckman Charles J. 
Published: May 2018

Key points
The spinal alpha motoneuron is the only cell in the human CNS whose discharge can be routinely recorded in humans.
We have reengineered motor unit collection and decomposition approaches, originally developed in humans, to measure the neural drive to muscle and estimate muscle force generation in the in vivo cat model.
Experimental, computational, and predictive approaches are used to demonstrate the validity of this approach across a wide range of modes to activate the motor pool.
The utility of this approach is shown through the ability to track individual motor units across trials, allowing for better predictions of muscle force than the electromyography signal, and providing insights in to the stereotypical discharge characteristics in response to synaptic activation of the motor pool.
This approach now allows for a direct link between the intracellular data of single motoneurons, the discharge properties of motoneuron populations, and muscle force generation in the same preparation.
AbstractThe discharge of a spinal alpha motoneuron and the resulting contraction of its muscle fibres represents the functional quantum of the motor system. Recent advances in the recording and decomposition of the electromyographic signal allow for the identification of several tens of concurrently active motor units. These detailed population data provide the potential to achieve deep insights into the synaptic organization of motor commands. Yet most of our understanding of the synaptic input to motoneurons is derived from intracellular recordings in animal preparations. Thus, it is necessary to extend the new electrode and decomposition methods to recording of motor unit populations in these same preparations. To achieve this goal, we use high‐density electrode arrays and decomposition techniques, analogous to those developed for humans, to record and decompose the activity of tens of concurrently active motor units in a hindlimb muscle in the in vivo cat. Our results showed that the decomposition method in this animal preparation was highly accurate, with conventional two‐source validation providing rates of agreement equal to or superior to those found in humans. Multidimensional reconstruction of the motor unit action potential provides the ability to accurately track the same motor unit across multiple contractions. Additionally, correlational analyses demonstrate that the composite spike train provides better estimates of whole muscle force than conventional estimates obtained from the electromyographic signal. Lastly, stark differences are observed between the modes of activation, in particular tendon vibration produced quantal interspike intervals at integer multiples of the vibration period.
Natamycin and Azithromycin Are Synergistic
In Vitro
against Ocular Pathogenic Aspergillus flavus Species Complex and Fusarium solani Species Complex Isolates
Authors: Guo Haoyi , Zhou Lutan , He Yi , Gao Chuanwen , Han Lei , Xu Yan 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT

The interaction of natamycin-azithromycin combination against 60 ocular fungal isolates was tested
in vitro
. The combination produced 100% synergistic interactions when natamycin was added to azithromycin 20, 40, and 50 μg/ml against
Aspergillus flavus
species complex (AFSC) isolates and to azithromycin 50 μg/ml against
Fusarium solani
species complex isolates. Addition of 50 μg/ml azithromycin enhanced natamycin's effect against AFSC isolates by reducing natamycin MIC
90
from 64 to 0.031 μg/ml. No antagonism was observed.
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Experimental Ulcerative Colitis Reveals Associated Gut Microbial and Host Metabolic Reprogramming
Authors: Yan Zhi-Xiang , Gao Xue-Jiao , Li Ting , Wei Bin , Wang Pan-Pan , Yang Ying , Yan Ru 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT
Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is gaining attention for the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC). Data from individual case studies have suggested that FMT may be beneficial for UC, but the detailed microbial and molecular basis remains unknown. Here, we employ 16S rRNA gene sequencing and metabolomics to investigate the influence of FMT on gut microbial community composition and host metabolism in the dextran sulfate sodium-induced UC rat model. The findings from this pilot study suggest that FMT from normal donors to UC recipients could alleviate UC symptoms without close resemblance of donor's gut microbial and metabolic pattern. Meanwhile, FMT from UC donors to normal recipient rats triggered UC symptoms, UC-prone microbial shift, and host metabolic adaption. Gut microbiota under normal conditions could maintain stable species richness and diversity upon FMT intervention, but the disturbed gut microbiota under UC conditions could not maintain such homeostasis. Significant correlations between altered bacterial composition and host metabolism could be assigned to the pathological effects of UC (accounting for 8.0 to 16.2% of total variance) and/or the FMT intervention effects (3.9 to 7.0% of total variance). Overall, our study reveals diverse gut microbial shifts in UC related FMT and their association with host metabolic reprogramming.

IMPORTANCE
This study combined clinical symptoms measurement, 16S rRNA gene microbial profiling and metabolomics to comprehensively investigate the gut bacterial and host metabolic association and reprogramming in FMT-treated experimental UC. These data can advance our understanding of the effect of FMT on UC and the involvement of gut microbial dysbiosis in the development of UC.
Stratigraphy, structure and petroleum exploration play types of the Rioni Basin, Georgia
Authors: Tari G. , Vakhania D. , Tatishvili G. , Mikeladze V. , Gogritchiani K. , Vacharadze S. , Mayer J. , Sheya C. , Siedl W. , Banon J. J. M. , Trigo Sanchez J. L. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
The Rioni Basin is an underexplored petroliferous basin located at the Georgian margin of the Black Sea flanked by two folded belts (the Greater Caucasus and the Achara–Trialet Belt). Whereas the stratigraphy of the northern onshore Rioni Basin has elements which are common with that of the offshore Shatsky Ridge, the southern onshore Rioni Basin segment is both stratigraphically and structurally akin to the offshore Gurian folded belt in the eastern Black Sea. In the northern basin segment, the existing oil fields (East and West Chaladidi) and an undeveloped oil discovery (Okumi) are related to either post-salt or pre-salt antiformal traps in detachment folds or in poorly understood stratigraphic pinchouts beneath a regional Upper Jurassic evaporite sequence. In the southern Rioni Basin, the oil in existing fields has either anticlinal four-way closures (Supsa) or a subthrust trap (Shromisubani) related to the leading edge of the north-vergent Achara–Trialet folded belt. Despite the long history of petroleum exploration in the Rioni Basin, these proven plays are not fully understood and systematically explored using modern technology. The existence of an Upper Jurassic regional evaporite seal highlights the possibility of pre-salt plays in the northern part of the basin.
Converting Racism
Authors: Cooke Claire 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
African American Charlotte Wright’s book Beneath the Southern Cross: The Story of an American Bishop’s Wife in South Africa (1955) is a unique text. This article uses a womanist theological framework, situated within studies of African American women and religion, to acknowledge that the experiences and writing of Wright must be considered in terms of race, gender, class, and theological influences. By considering these four factors in conjunction it is argued that despite the conservative nature of Wright’s text she subtly, but radically, challenged the erotic gaze and derogatory racial stereotypes of African American inferiority.
An Example of Ottoman Multiculturalism: The Judeo-Spanish of Izak Gabay
Authors: Subaşı Doğa Filiz 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
The Sephardic Jews of the Ottoman Empire developed a Judeo-Spanish koine by getting in touch with other languages – particularly Turkish – as a means of interaction between different cultures. This paper aims to focus on the linguistic multiculturalism – specifically loanwords – employed in the book Yildiz i sus sekretos: el reyno de Abdul Hamid (Yıldız [Palace] and Its Secrets: The Kingdom of Abdülhamit). The book was published in Istanbul in 1909 by Izak Gabay, one of the most important Sephardic intellectuals of the time.