bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular Classification of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Based on Methylation Profiling: Evidence for Survival Heterogeneity
Authors: Bodelon Clara , Killian J. Keith , Sampson Joshua N. , Anderson William F. , Matsuno Rayna , Brinton Louise A. , Lissowska Jolanta , Anglesio Michael S. , Bowtell David D.L. , Doherty Jennifer A. , Ramus Susan J. , Talhouk Aline , Sherman Mark E. , Wentzensen Nicolas 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Purpose:
Ovarian cancer is a heterogeneous disease that can be divided into multiple subtypes with variable etiology, pathogenesis, and prognosis. We analyzed DNA methylation profiling data to identify biologic subgroups of ovarian cancer and study their relationship with histologic subtypes, copy number variation, RNA expression data, and outcomes.

Experimental Design:
A total of 162 paraffin-embedded ovarian epithelial tumor tissues, including the five major epithelial ovarian tumor subtypes (high- and low-grade serous, endometrioid, mucinous, and clear cell) and tumors of low malignant potential were selected from two different sources: The Polish Ovarian Cancer study, and the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Residual Tissue Repository (SEER RTR). Analyses were restricted to Caucasian women. Methylation profiling was conducted using the Illumina 450K methylation array. For 45 tumors array copy number data were available. NanoString gene expression data for 39 genes were available for 61 high-grade serous carcinomas (HGSC).

Results:
Consensus nonnegative matrix factorization clustering of the 1,000 most variable CpG sites showed four major clusters among all epithelial ovarian cancers. We observed statistically significant differences in survival (log-rank test, P = 9.1 × 10−7) and genomic instability across these clusters. Within HGSC, clustering showed three subgroups with survival differences (log-rank test, P = 0.002). Comparing models with and without methylation subgroups in addition to previously identified gene expression subtypes suggested that the methylation subgroups added significant survival information (P = 0.007).

Conclusions:
DNA methylation profiling of ovarian cancer identified novel molecular subgroups that had significant survival difference and provided insights into the molecular underpinnings of ovarian cancer.
See related commentary by Ishak et al., p. 5729
A Phase Ib/II Study of Ramucirumab in Combination with Emibetuzumab in Patients with Advanced Cancer
Authors: Harding James J. , Zhu Andrew X. , Bauer Todd M. , Choueiri Toni K. , Drilon Alexander , Voss Martin H. , Fuchs Charles S. , Abou-Alfa Ghassan K. , Wijayawardana Sameera R. , Wang Xuejing Aimee , Moser Brian A. , Uruñuela Arantxa , Wacheck Volker , Bendell Johanna C. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Purpose:
Inhibition of the VEGFR-2 blocks angiogenesis and attenuates tumor growth, but cancers may evade this effect through activation of the hepatocyte growth factor receptor MET. Here we report results of the phase Ib/II study of ramucirumab, a monoclonal anti-VEGFR-2 antibody, plus the anti-MET mAb emibetuzumab.

Patients and Methods:
A 3+3 dose escalation of emibetuzumab plus ramucirumab (phase Ib) was followed by tumor-specific expansion cohorts. Primary objectives were to determine the recommended phase II dose and to evaluate antitumor activity. Secondary objectives included safety, pharmacokinetics, and immunogenicity. Tumoral MET expression was explored by immunohistochemistry (IHC).

Results:
A total of 97 patients with solid tumor [6 phase Ib, 16 gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma, 45 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), 15 renal cell carcinoma, and 15 non–small lung cancer] received emibetuzumab at 750 or 2,000 mg flat dosing plus ramucirumab at 8 mg/kg every 2 weeks. No dose-limiting toxicities were observed. Common adverse events were primarily mild or moderate and included fatigue (36.1%), peripheral edema (28.9%), and nausea (14.4%). Emibetuzumab exposures were similar as in previous studies with no apparent drug–drug interactions. Five partial responses (5.2%) were observed across all tumor types. The greatest antitumor activity was noted in HCC with a 6.7% overall response rate, 60% disease control rate, and 5.42 months (95% confidence interval, 1.64–8.12) progression-free survival (PFS). HCC with high MET expression showed improved PFS with approximately 3-fold increase in PFS (8.1 vs. 2.8 months) relative to low MET expression.

Conclusions:
Ramucirumab plus emibetuzumab was safe and exhibited cytostatic antitumor activity. MET expression may help to select patients benefitting most from this combination treatment in select tumor types.
The DNA Endonuclease Mus81 Regulates ZEB1 Expression and Serves as a Target of BET4 Inhibitors in Gastric Cancer
Authors: Yin Yuping , Liu Weizhen , Shen Qian , Zhang Peng , Wang Lulu , Tao Ruikang , Li Hang , Ma Xianxiong , Zeng Xiangyu , Cheong Jae-Ho , Song Shumei , Ajani Jaffer A. , Mills Gordon B. , Tao Kaixiong , Peng Guang 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
DNA replication and repair proteins play an important role in cancer initiation and progression by affecting genomic instability. The DNA endonuclease Mus81 is a DNA structure–specific endonuclease, which has been implicated in DNA replication and repair. In this study, we found that Mus81 promotes gastric metastasis by controlling the transcription of ZEB1, a master regulator of the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). Our results revealed that Mus81 is highly expressed in gastric cancer samples from patients and cell lines compared with their normal counterparts. Particularly, Mus81 expression positively correlated with ZEB1 expression and Mus81 overexpression was significantly associated with higher incidence of lymph node metastasis in patients. Furthermore, Mus81 promoted migration of gastric cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo. We conducted a drug screen using a collection of preclinical and FDA-approved drugs and found that the BRD4 inhibitor AZD5153 inhibited the expression of Mus81 and ZEB1 by regulating the epigenetic factor Sirt5. As expected, AZD5153 treatment significantly reduced the migration of gastric cancer cells overexpressing Mus81 in vitro and in vivo. Collectively, we show that Mus81 is a regulator of ZEB1 and promotes metastasis in gastric cancer. Importantly, we demonstrate that the BRD4 inhibitor AZD5153 can potentially be used as an effective antimetastasis drug because of its effect on Mus81.
Nasal Coarticulation and Prosody in Kakataibo
Authors: Avelino Heriberto , Zariquiey Roberto , Pérez-Silva Jorge Iván 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
This paper presents the first phonetic description of the patterns of nasal coarticulation in Kakataibo. While closely related Panoan languages have been described as having anticipatory nasal coarticulation in VN sequences, there are only a few reports of other types of nasal coarticulation. Based on a detailed investigation of the aerodynamic properties of nasality, we account for the full variety of nasal coarticulation patterns in Kakataibo and discuss their interaction with prosody. This paper shows that nasal coarticulation occurs in all contexts in which there is vowel-nasal contiguity, although the amount and patterns of nasal coarticulation are dependent on the directionality of the process, the presence or absence of a syllable boundary and stress.
Impact of High Volume Energy Drink Consumption on Electrocardiographic and Blood Pressure Parameters: A Randomized Trial
Authors: Shah Sachin A. , Szeto Andy H. , Farewell Raechel , Shek Allen , Fan Dorothy , Quach Kathy N. , Bhattacharyya Mouchumi , Elmiari Jasmine , Chan Winny , O'Dell Kate , Nguyen Nancy , McGaughey Tracey J. , Nasir Javed M. , Kaul Sanjay 
Published: May 2019

Background
Energy drinks have been linked to an increase in emergency room visits and deaths. We aim to determine the impact of energy drinks on electrocardiographic and hemodynamic parameters in young healthy volunteers.

Methods and Results

A randomized, double‐masked, placebo‐controlled, crossover study was conducted in healthy volunteers. Participants consumed 32 oz of either energy drink A, energy drink B, or placebo within 60 minutes on 3 study days with a 6‐day washout period in between. The primary end point of
QT
c interval and secondary end points of
QT
interval,
PR
interval,
QRS
duration, heart rate, and brachial and central blood pressures were measured at baseline, and every 30 minutes for 240 minutes. A repeated‐measures 2‐way analysis of variance was performed with the main effects of intervention, time, and an interaction of intervention and time. Thirty‐four participants were included (age 22.1±3.0 years). The interaction term of intervention and time was statistically significant for Bazett's corrected QT interval, Fridericia's corrected QT interval,
QT
,
PR
,
QRS
duration, heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, central systolic blood pressure, and central diastolic blood pressure (all
P
<0.001). The maximum change from baseline in Bazett's corrected
QT
interval for drinks A, B, and placebo were +17.9±13.9, +19.6±15.8, and +11.9±11.1 ms, respectively (
P
=0.005 for
ANOVA
) (
P
=0.04 and <0.01, respectively compared with placebo). Peripheral and central systolic and diastolic blood pressure were statistically significantly different compared with placebo (all
P
<0.001).

Conclusion

Energy drinks significantly prolong the
QT
c interval and raise blood pressure.

Clinical Trial Registration

URL
:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier:
NCT
03196908.
Alfred Loisy’s Comparative Method in Les mystères païens et le mystère chrétien
Authors: Praet Danny , Lannoy Annelies 
Published: May 2019

While the work of the “father of Roman Catholic Modernism” prior to his excommunication in 1908 has been extensively studied, Alfred Loisy’s later career as professor of Histoire des Religions at the Collège de France has received less attention. This article examines his original contribution to comparative methodology for the interrelation between early Christianity and the pagan mystery cults. Loisy’s explicit aim was to integrate the historical, sociological, psychological, and anthropological approaches of his time into an original and all-encompassing methodological framework.
Our article pays special attention to Loisy’s predominant yet hitherto unnoticed use of a model of analogy. Crucial to this interpretation are (a) the idea that the Christian mystery and the pagan mysteries are the result of a universal and independent, analogous evolution of religions, and (b) the theory that ritual precedes myth, adopted from the Cambridge Myth and Ritual School. We show that Loisy’s novelty resided in the fact that he consistently applied these principles to both the pagan cults and to Christianity, but it will also become clear that his systematic approach entailed major problems for the individual features of the compared cults, problems which he tended to overlook. Loisy combined this analogical framework with a psychological interpretation of the genesis of the belief in Christ’s resurrection and with a historical-genealogical explanation of Paul’s knowledge and use of the mystery cults. The article also uses unpublished material from Loisy’s correspondence with Franz Cumont.
Chumash Conversions: The Historical Dynamics of Religious Change in Native California
Authors: Paldam Ella 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The historical dynamics of religious change among the Chumash constitute a compelling case for the academic study of conversion. Within 250 years the community has experienced two major cultural transitions: first, European colonization after 1772, and second, indigenous revitalization since 1968. Although both events implicate changes in religiosity, ethnohistorians and anthropologists tend to regard religious conversion as a byproduct of other cultural forces. This paper takes a different approach because conversion is understood as a force that in itself contributes to cultural transition. The relative distribution of the four most significant religious traditions since colonization is traced using a model that synthesizes prevailing insights from conversion research into an analytical matrix that may be applied to historical and contemporary qualitative data. Approaching cultural change among indigenous peoples as conversion brings a renewed focus on religiosity as a cultural strategy at the same time as it contributes to a cross-cultural perspective on conversion.
“Instant Miracles are Rare, but It Happened to Me”
Authors: Wilkens Katharina 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The Marian Faith Healing Ministry, under the leadership of the excommunicated Catholic priest Felicien Nkwera, is dedicated to the fight against demons, illness, and corruption. It is a small, but fairly well-known group in Tanzania and enjoys some notoriety due to its propagation of exorcism. At the same time, both the leader and its members fully accept the biomedical paradigm of healing. In this article, I analyze narrative structures reflecting moments of differentiation and de-differentiation between the systems of religious healing and of (bio-)medicine. I draw both on narratives of healing published by Nkwera in his books as well as on narrative interviews conducted with his followers. Religious and biomedical frameworks of explanation were emplotted by some respondents as narratives of miracle healing and conversion, in which biomedicine’s denial of spiritual agency serves as the necessary foil to the efficacy of religious healing. My findings contribute to the study of contemporary forms of alternative medicine by making a case for employing methods of narrative analysis in this field.
The Rise of the Science of Religion and Its Separation from Traditional Protestant Theology in Hungary
Authors: Kovács Ábrahám 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
This study of the works of Ödön Kovács (1844–1895) demonstrates how Western European liberal scholarship, especially the work of J. H. Scholten, C. P. Tiele, and O. Pfleiderer, impacted the emergence of the science of religion in the Austrian-Hungarian Empire. It addresses the issue of how the science of religion was envisioned and explicated by Kovács, a pioneer of the study of religion in Hungary. By examining his first series of articles written as early as 1869 on the science of religion, the article sheds light on the different theoretical premises and methodologies of theology and the science of religion as well as on the impact of the Tübingen and Leiden schools of theology. It further points out how the emergence of the science of religion was promoted by one of the most talented Hungarian scholars of religion. Finally, it attempts to demarcate the lines of divergence and convergence between the two interconnected academic fields.
Standing Rock Religion(s)
Authors: Johnson Greg , Kraft Siv Ellen 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
This article addresses emergent religious formations at protest scenes in the broader context of indigenous organization and identity-building. Our central example is the Standing Rock protest in North Dakota, 2016–2017, a local encampment-based event that quickly expanded into an international indigenous peoples’ movement. We argue that religion was a key register in the camps, during direct actions, and in solidarity actions around the world, primarily expressed through a limited selection of key terms: water is sacred, water is life, Mother Earth, and ceremony. We argue, moreover, that these terms, and “ceremony” in particular, were a crucial medium of inter-group and up-scaled cultural translations, allowing local identities to come forth as a unified front. Invoking Standing Rock religion(s) as an instance of the broader category indigenous religion(s), we suggest that these identity formations belong to a globalizing indigenous religious formation, anchored in, yet distinct from, discrete indigenous religions, and today performed and mediated in diverse arenas, crisscrossing and connecting indigenous worlds. We are concerned with the translations and comparisons at play, and with the sentiments and moodiness of religion in this particular case, fueled by the cause (a planned pipeline on ancestral lands), the brutality of police encounters, and the sharing of ceremonies, food, and fires at the camps.
“Your Son Will Be the Scourge of Islam”
Authors: Spät Eszter 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Using analyses of myths and fieldwork material, the article studies the way Yezidis, a small ethno-religious group of the Middle East, appropriated the Muslim figure of Yazīd ibn Muʿāwiya, the second Umayyad caliph. In his Yezidi myth, he appears as a divine being who was incarnated on earth in order to subvert sharia and replace it with a more spiritual form of Islam, equated with the Yezidi religion at the time the myth was composed. The myth is constructed around the historical reputation of Yazīd as an antinomian figure, but interprets it in a way that mocks orthodox Islam and echoes the ethos of Yezidi religion. In their turn, the Prophet Muhammad and Caliph Muʿāwiya appear as inferior figures, representing a religious tradition that is superseded by Yazīd’s arrival. The myth throws light on the historical development of Yezidi religion, as it reflects an earlier stage, when Yezidis considered orthodox Islam a related, albeit rival and inferior, form of religion. However, today, as Yezidis emphasize their distance from anything related with Islam and Arabic culture, the myth may come to be rejected despite its profoundly Yezidi nature.
Two Ways of Being for an End
Authors: Gelber Jessica 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Five times in the extant corpus, Aristotle refers to a distinction between two ways of being a ‘that for the sake of which’ that he sometimes marks by using genitive and dative pronouns. Commentators almost universally say that this is the distinction between an aim (hou heneka + genitive) and beneficiary (hou heneka + dative). I propose that Aristotle had a quite different distinction in mind, namely: (a) that which holds between something and the aim or objective it is in the business of producing or achieving, and (b) that which holds between some instrument and the user of that instrument.
Equitable and Quality Education for All of Africa? The Challenges of Using ict in Education
Authors: Samarakoon Shanil , Christiansen Amé , Munro Paul G. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Technological advances are increasing interest in the potential role of information and communication technologies (ict) in enabling quality education outcomes in Africa. At present, however, the geographies of ict use in Africa is poorly understood, and ict education policy development has occurred in a relative empirical void. Relevant studies have largely been focused on wealthier African nations, largely neglecting poorer regions where education issues are most acute. This article works to address this lacuna. Drawing upon extensive fieldwork, it provides a detailed snapshot of ict use in education in the northern Sierra Leonean district of Koinadugu. We subsequently argue that a lack of access to electricity, along with limited numbers of qualified teaching staff, presents fundamental barriers for realizing ict use in classroom settings. Nevertheless, we also identify some promising trends with respect to the informal use of mobile Internet by teachers and students to augment learning in the classroom.
Internet Use around the World: An Empirical Assessment
Authors: Dao Minh 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
This paper empirically assesses the effect of the determinants of Internet use, using several samples of both developed and developing countries. Based on a sample of 23 low-income economies in 2015, we find that Internet use depends upon computer access. Using a sample of 38 lower middle-income countries we find that Internet use depends upon Internet quality and Internet affordability. Using a sample of 41 upper middle-income countries, we find that computer access and Internet affordability influence Internet use. From a sample of 45 high-income countries, we are able to show that computer access, Internet quality, and affordability do affect Internet use. Using a sample of thirty oecd countries, we find that Internet use depends upon computer access and Internet quality. When a sample of 150 developing and developed countries is used, results show that Internet use is influenced by computer access, Internet quality, Internet affordability, and Internet application.
Alt-Right Transgressions in the Age of Trump
Authors: Pollard Tom 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The alt-right movement dates from 2008 when white supremacist Richard Spencer invented the term to identify contemporary right-wing and far-right socio/political movements. The movement relies on mass media, communicating graphically and symbolically through “trolls,” “tropes,” and “memes.” The “Sadomasochist trope” valorizes aggressive actors like Donald Trump and Vladimir Putin, while demonizing “passive” individuals like Hillary Clinton and Barak Obama. Trolls communicate through memes, single-frame or short video phrases matched with photos and cartoons, to attract online audiences. When not attacking liberals and progressives, alt-right memes turn on traditional conservatives. The alt-right community maintains it is “under assault” in today’s politically correct, overly secularized, culturally diverse society. However, Donald Trump elevated alt-right icon and former Breitbart ceo Stephen Bannon to chief advisor, providing the alt-right movement access to the highest government levels. Will alt-right organizations continue their recent expansion, or will the public lose interest in the movement?
From Occupy Wall Street to the Umbrella Movement: Leaderless Uprising Explained
Authors: Choi Wai Kit 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The series of uprising that swept from Wall Street in 2011 to Hong Kong in 2014 are described as embodying a “leaderless” form of organizing. With no centralized organizational structure, these contemporary movements are often thought to be a new form of politics that is far more participatory and spontaneous than the tradition of revolutionary communism inaugurated by the Bolsheviks in 1917. However, such a stark contrast suppresses the similarities between past and present revolts, and obscures how the experience of the former can still contribute to the latter.
Cultural, Political, and Economic Factors Affecting the Incentive to Do Business in BRICS Countries
Authors: Joshi Prathibha , Beck Kris Aaron 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa) countries generally offer some of the best opportunities for successful investment. We therefore examine the factors that encourage or discourage foreign direct investment (FDI) in these BRICS countries. Some similar studies have evaluated the impact of economic risks on investment; fewer studies have explored the political risks associated with investing or how human development within a country can alter the decision to invest. Our innovation is to look at all of these factors, and hence we investigate how domestic economic growth, measures of economic freedom, degrees of political freedom, cultural factors, and levels of human development influence the likelihood of investment in BRICS countries. We find that economic freedom and urbanization are insignificant, but that GDP, political freedom, gross national income, and secondary education all are significant and positive; cellphone subscriptions show negative and significant results.