bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of a stand‐alone hybrid solar and wind energy‐based electric vehicle charging station with battery, hydrogen, and ammonia energy storages
Authors: Al Wahedi Abdulla , Bicer Yusuf 
Published: August 2019

AbstractSince the main objective of expanding the deployment of electric vehicle (EV) usage is to reduce the dependency on carbon‐based fuels, it is essential to consider eco‐friendly and renewable sources to generate the power needed for charging those vehicles. This study suggests and analyzes a stand‐alone solar and wind energy‐driven integrated system with electro/chemical energy storage to provide independent and uninterruptable power supply for EV charging stations. Due to the intermittent nature of the utilized renewable energy sources, energy storage is a key concern to be considered in this study. Therefore, in addition to batteries, hydrogen and ammonia are considered as energy storage media, which can be converted into electricity through fuel cells on demand. The results show that with selected commercialized photovoltaic power plant covering an area of about 1500 m2, a 250 kW rated wind turbine, 650 kWh Li‐ion storage batteries, 30 m3 storage of H2 in gas form, and 5 m3 storage of NH3 in liquid form, a grid‐independent charging station sufficient for fast charging of 50 number of EVs per day can be achieved. Additional suggestions are proposed to better manage the energy storage within the charging stations based on short‐term and long‐term operations.
Justifying the Construct Definition for a New Language Proficiency Assessment: The RedesignedTOEIC Bridge®Tests—Framework Paper
Authors: Schmidgall Jonathan , Oliveri Maria Elena , Duke Trina , Carter Grissom Elizabeth 
Published: August 2019

AbstractOne of the most critical steps in the test development process is defining the construct, or the knowledge, skills, or abilities, to be assessed. This foundational step provides the basis for initial assumptions about the meaning of test scores and serves as a reference for subsequent validity research. In this paper, we describe the purpose of the redesignedTOEIC Bridge® 4 skills assessments and elaborate the theoretical basis of its construct definition. We also describe how an evidence‐centered design (ECD) approach was used to develop the redesigned TOEIC Bridge assessments and the first stage of that approach, the domain analysis. The domain analysis begins by elaborating a clearer definition of the context in which language is evaluated by the redesigned TOEIC Bridge assessments, “everyday adult life.” Next, we review research literature and relevant language proficiency standards to highlight the knowledge, skills, and abilities relevant to beginner to low‐intermediate English proficiency for everyday adult life. This information is synthesized in the construct definitions for reading, listening, speaking, and writing ability for beginner to low‐intermediate levels of general English proficiency in the context of everyday adult life.
Return of a Giant: Coordinated Conservation Leads to the First Wild Reproduction of Lahontan Cutthroat Trout in the Truckee River in Nearly a Century
Authors: Al-Chokhachy Robert , Heki Lisa , Loux Tim , Peka Roger 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Many freshwater fish populations have been greatly reduced, with particular loss of migratory fishes. Recovering depleted populations is challenging as threats are often plentiful and complex, especially in arid environments where demands for water resources are high. Here, we describe how a collaborative, multifaceted approach has spurred natural reproduction—a major step towards Lahontan Cutthroat Trout Oncorhynchus clarkii henshawi (LCT) recovery in Pyramid Lake and the Truckee River, Nevada, once home to one of largest freshwater salmonids in North America. The factors limiting LCT were immense, including habitat fragmentation, degradation, and non-native species attributes common in the declines of native salmonids. Yet for the first time in over 80 years and each year since 2014, adfluvial LCT have spawned in the lower Truckee River, resulting in the production of tens of thousands of young-of-year. The progress and positive trajectory towards recovery were driven by a holistic view of the Truckee River watershed beginning in the early 1990's that envisioned bringing numerous conservation building blocks together to expedite the conservation and recovery for the listed fishes of Pyramid Lake. Although additional challenges remain, the LCT recovery program in the Truckee River basin provides a template for the conservation of imperiled fishes.
Effect of arabinoxylan on colonic bacterial metabolites and mucosal barrier in high‐fat diet‐induced rats
Authors: Li Shanshan , Sun Yanan , Hu Xinxin , Qin Wen , Li Cheng , Liu Yuntao , Liu Aiping , Zhao Ye , Wu Dingtao , Lin Derong , Zhang Qing , Chen Daiwen , Chen Hong 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe aim of this study was to demonstrate the effect of arabinoxylan on colonic mucosal barrier and metabolomic profiles in high‐fat diet‐induced rats. A total of 20 six‐week‐old male rats were arranged randomly to two groups (n = 10/group), including a high‐fat diet (HFD) group and a high‐fat supplemented with arabinoxylan diet (AXD) group. Results showed that feeding AXD reduced serum lipopolysaccharide in rats after 5 weeks. In colonic digesta, Escherichia coli population was reduced, while Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Bacteroidetes populations were increased in AXD group. Metabolomics assay found that the different abundances of 84 metabolites were observed, involving lipid, carbohydrate, and nitrogenous metabolism in colonic digesta. In colonic mucosa, AXD up‐regulated gene level of tight‐junction‐related proteins. Meanwhile, lower TNF‐α and IL‐1β levels were related to TLR4/NF‐κB/MyD88 pathway in AXD group. In conclusion, arabinoxylan could change colonic microbial metabolism and improve the colonic mucosal barrier via modulating intestinal microflora and tight junction proteins.
Patterns of co‐altered brain structure and function underlying neurological soft signs in schizophrenia spectrum disorders
Authors: Hirjak Dusan , Rashidi Mahmoud , Fritze Stefan , Bertolino Alina L. , Geiger Lena S. , Zang Zhenxiang , Kubera Katharina M. , Schmitgen Mike M. , Sambataro Fabio , Calhoun Vince D. , Weisbrod Matthias , Tost Heike , Wolf Robert C. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractNeurological soft signs (NSS) comprise a broad range of subtle neurological deficits and are considered to represent external markers of sensorimotor dysfunction frequently found in mental disorders of presumed neurodevelopmental origin. Although NSS frequently occur in schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD), specific patterns of co‐altered brain structure and function underlying NSS in SSD have not been investigated so far. It is unclear whether gray matter volume (GMV) alterations or aberrant brain activity or a combination of both, are associated with NSS in SSD. Here, 37 right‐handed SSD patients and 37 matched healthy controls underwent motor assessment and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 3 T. NSS were examined on the Heidelberg NSS scale. We used a multivariate data fusion technique for multimodal MRI data—multiset canonical correlation and joint independent component analysis (mCCA + jICA)—to investigate co‐altered patterns of GMV and intrinsic neural fluctuations (INF) in SSD patients exhibiting NSS. The mCCA + jICA model indicated two joint group‐discriminating components (temporoparietal/cortical sensorimotor and frontocerebellar/frontoparietal networks) and one modality‐specific group‐discriminating component (p< .05, FDR corrected). NSS motor score was associated with joint frontocerebellar/frontoparietal networks in SSD patients. This study highlights complex neural pathomechanisms underlying NSS in SSD suggesting aberrant structure and function, predominantly in cortical and cerebellar systems that critically subserve sensorimotor dynamics and psychomotor organization.
Exploitation of Bi2O2Se/graphene van der Waals heterojunction for creating efficient photodetectors and short‐channel field‐effect transistors
Authors: Tan Congwei , Xu Shipu , Tan Zhenjun , Sun Luzhao , Wu Jinxiong , Li Tianran , Peng Hailin 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe formation of heterojunction within solid‐state devices enables them with eventually high performances, but provides a challenge for material synthesis and device fabrication because strict conditions such as lattice match are needed. Herein, we show a facile method to fabricate a van der Waals (vdW) heterojunction between two‐dimensional (2D) bismuth oxyselenide (Bi2O2Se) and graphene, during which the graphene is directly transferred to the Bi2O2Se and served as a low‐contract‐resistant electrode with small work function mismatch (~50 meV). As an optoelectronic device, the Bi2O2Se/graphene vdW heterojunction allows for the efficient sensing toward 1200‐nm incident laser. Regarding the application of field‐effect transistors (FETs), the short‐channel (50 nm) sample can be synthesized by utilizing these two 2D materials (ie, channel: Bi2O2Se; drain/source terminal: graphene) and the n‐type characteristic can be observed with the accordant field modulation. It is confirmed that we show a simple way to prepare the vdW heterojunction which is aiming to the high‐performance applications among optoelectronics and FETs.
Apheresis red blood cells associated with repeated hemolysis during blood priming of the Cellex Photopheresis System
Authors: Cooling Laura , Thompson Tina , Downs Terry , Abusin Ghada , Yanik Greg 
Published: August 2019

AbstractExtracorporeal photopheresis (ECP) in young pediatric patients has a risk for procedural hypotension and anemia due to extracorporeal fluid shifts. A standard mitigation policy in these patients is to prime the device with packed red blood cells (RBC) or whole blood. We now report multiple episodes of hemolysis while attempting to prime the Therakos Cellex in a pediatric transplant patient undergoing a course of ECP for severe graft‐vs‐host‐disease. Over the course of 40 ECP treatments, hemolysis was observed on five occasions. An extensive investigation found an association between hemolysis and apheresis RBC (A‐RBC). Of 46 RBC units dispensed for blood priming, hemolysis occurred with 22% (4 of 18) of A‐RBC and accounted for 80% (4 of 5) of all hemolysis episodes. Hemolysis was significantly higher with A‐RBC when compared with RBC collected by whole blood donations (WB‐RBC: 3.5% [1 of 28]; P = .049). A comparison of RBC attributes, including unit age, showed that hemolyzed A‐RBC units tended to be younger than both nonhemolyzed RBC (6.5 vs 10.3 days, P = .018) and WB‐RBC (8.5 days, P = .10). We hypothesize that A‐RBC may exhibit “sublethal” RBC damage following prior exposure to centrifugal shear and negative forces at the time of collection, leading to a decrease in RBC deformability and increased susceptibility to hemolysis. This is the first report showing an increased susceptibility to hemolysis with A‐RBC during priming of the Cellex.
Complex prescribing in chronic kidney disease: role of the renal pharmacist in kidney supportive care in uncovering hydralazine‐related lupus
Authors: Scuderi Carla E. , Berquier Ilse R. , Purtell Louise A. , Bonner Ann J. , Douglas Carol M. , Healy Helen G. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundHerein we describe the presentation of drug‐induced lupus in an 89‐year‐old woman with end‐stage kidney disease (estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) 11 mL/min per 1.73 m2) who had chosen a conservative non‐dialysis pathway of care, and highlight the role of a pharmacist in identifying drug‐related problems.Clinical detailsAmong numerous health conditions, the patient had systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) that had previously responded to hydroxychloroquine, which had been ceased. Hydralazine was subsequently commenced to control the patient's blood pressure. The combination of ceasing the medicine that controlled the patient's SLE and commencing a medicine that accumulates in patients with reduced renal function and can precipitate SLE resulted in a reactivation of the patient's disease.OutcomesThe pharmacist was pivotal in uncovering the timeline of medication changes and assisting in identifying SLE reactivation. Cessation of the patient's hydralazine and recommencing hydroxychloroquine resulted in the resolution of the symptoms.ConclusionThis case presents the value of an interdisciplinary approach to patient directed symptoms, when prescribing in the very complex clinical context of multiple comorbid conditions for patients with severely reduced renal function.
General health, vitality, and social function after sinus surgery in chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors: Nilsen Ann Helen , Helvik Anne‐Sofie , Thorstensen Wenche Moe , Salvesen Øyvind , Bugten Vegard 
Published: August 2019

ObjectivesChronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) has an impact on health‐related quality of life (HRQOL). The objective of this study was to examine generic and disease‐specific HRQOL and symptoms in CRS patients with (CRSwNP) and without (CRSsNP) nasal polyps before and 6 months after sinus surgery, and to identify preoperative patient factors associated with HRQOL outcome in the two groups separately.MethodsThis prospective, observational study consisted of 220 CRSwNP and 196 CRSsNP patients. Generic and disease‐specific HRQOL were measured using the Short‐Form‐Health‐Survey (SF‐36) and Sino‐Nasal‐Outcome‐Test (SNOT‐20). Symptoms were assessed on a visual analog scale.ResultsPreoperatively, CRSwNP patients reported worse score in general health (SF‐36), rhinologic subset (SNOT‐20): nasal obstruction, nasal discharge, and altered sense of smell compared to CRSsNP patients, who reported worse score in physical role, bodily pain, ear/face subset, and facial pain. After surgery, generic and disease‐specific HRQOL and symptoms improved in both groups. CRSwNP patients had greater improvement in general health, vitality and social function, nasal obstruction, and altered sense of smell, compared to CRSsNP‐patients. In both groups, higher age, daily smoking, and having had sinus surgery previously were associated with less generic HRQOL improvement, in addition to female sex and allergy in CRSsNP patients.ConclusionThe greater improvement in general health, vitality, and social function after surgery may indicate a greater potential for generic HRQOL improvement in CRSwNP patients compared to CRSsNP patients. Female sex and allergy was associated with less improvement of generic HRQOL in the CRSsNP group, but not in the CRSwNP group.Level of evidence2c outcome research.
Efficient Heterodifunctional Unimolecular Ring‐Closure Method for Cyclic Polymers by Combining RAFT and SuFEx Click Reactions
Authors: Liu Wenying , Zhang Shuxiang , Liu Shengjie , Wu Zhaoqiang , Chen Hong 
Published: August 2019

AbstractA novel ring‐closure strategy for cyclic polymers by combining reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer polymerization (RAFT) and the sulfur(VI)‐fluoride exchange (SuFEx) click reaction is presented. Herein, a new heterodifunctional trithiocarbonate RAFT agent, 2‐((tert‐butyldimethylsilyl)oxy)ethyl (4‐(fluorosulfonyl)benzyl) carbonotrithioate (TBDMS‐FSBCT), containing both tert‐butyldimethylsilyl ether and sulfonyl fluoride moieties, is developed. The polymerization behavior of TBDMS‐FSBCT is first demonstrated by a standard RAFT polymerization procedure for two types of vinyl monomers, N‐isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) (conjugated vinyl monomer) and N‐vinylpyrrolidone (NVP) (unconjugated vinyl monomer). The tert‐butyldimethylsilyl ether and sulfonyl fluoride groups at the α and ω positions of the obtained linear polymer precursors (L‐PNIPAAm and L‐PVP) are verified by 1H, 13C, and 19F NMR spectra. Subsequent intramolecular SuFEx click cyclization of the α,ω‐heterofunctionalized linear precursors in air at room temperature conveniently yields the corresponding cyclic polymers (C‐PNIPAAm and C‐PVP). Overall, this is the first report on the preparation of cyclic polymers based on the SuFEx reaction under ambient conditions. It is envisioned that the approach may open an avenue for the formation of cyclic polymers.
Evolutionary history of disease‐susceptibility loci identified in longitudinal exome‐wide association studies
Authors: Yasukochi Yoshiki , Sakuma Jun , Takeuchi Ichiro , Kato Kimihiko , Oguri Mitsutoshi , Fujimaki Tetsuo , Horibe Hideki , Yamada Yoshiji 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundOur longitudinal exome‐wide association studies previously detected various genetic determinants of complex disorders using ~26,000 single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that passed quality control and longitudinal medical examination data (mean follow‐up period, 5 years) in 4884–6022 Japanese subjects. We found that allele frequencies of several identified SNPs were remarkably different among four ethnic groups. Elucidating the evolutionary history of disease‐susceptibility loci may help us uncover the pathogenesis of the related complex disorders.MethodsIn the present study, we conducted evolutionary analyses such as extended haplotype homozygosity, focusing on genomic regions containing disease‐susceptibility loci and based on genotyping data of our previous studies and datasets from the 1000 Genomes Project.ResultsOur evolutionary analyses suggest that derived alleles of rs78338345 of GGA3, rs7656604 at 4q13.3, rs34902660 of SLC17A3, and six SNPs closely located at 12q24.1 associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, dyslipidemia, and three complex disorders (hypertension, hyperuricemia, and dyslipidemia), respectively, rapidly expanded after the human dispersion from Africa (Out‐of‐Africa). Allele frequencies of GGA3 and six SNPs at 12q24.1 appeared to have remarkably changed in East Asians, whereas the derived alleles of rs34902660 of SLC17A3 and rs7656604 at 4q13.3 might have spread across Japanese and non‐Africans, respectively, although we cannot completely exclude the possibility that allele frequencies of disease‐associated loci may be affected by demographic events.ConclusionOur findings indicate that derived allele frequencies of nine disease‐associated SNPs (rs78338345 of GGA3, rs7656604 at 4q13.3, rs34902660 of SLC17A3, and six SNPs at 12q24.1) identified in the longitudinal exome‐wide association studies largely increased in non‐Africans after Out‐of‐Africa.
Fully automated patellofemoral MRI segmentation using holistically nested networks: Implications for evaluating patellofemoral osteoarthritis, pain, injury, pathology, and adolescent development
Authors: Cheng Ruida , Alexandridi Natalia A. , Smith Richard M. , Shen Aricia , Gandler William , McCreedy Evan , McAuliffe Matthew J. , Sheehan Frances T. 
Published: August 2019

PurposeOur clinical understanding of the relationship between 3D bone morphology and knee osteoarthritis, as well as our ability to investigate potential causative factors of osteoarthritis, has been hampered by the time‐intensive nature of manually segmenting bone from MR images. Thus, we aim to develop and validate a fully automated deep learning framework for segmenting the patella and distal femur cortex, in both adults and actively growing adolescents.MethodsData from 93 subjects, obtained from on institutional review board–approved protocol, formed the study database. 3D sagittal gradient recalled echo and gradient recalled echo with fat saturation images and manual models of the outer cortex were available for 86 femurs and 90 patellae. A deep‐learning–based 2D holistically nested network (HNN) architecture was developed to automatically segment the patella and distal femur using both single (sagittal, uniplanar) and 3 cardinal plane (triplanar) methodologies. Errors in the surface‐to‐surface distances and the Dice coefficient were the primary measures used to quantitatively evaluate segmentation accuracy using a 9‐fold cross‐validation.ResultsAverage absolute errors for segmenting both the patella and femur were 0.33 mm. The Dice coefficients were 97% and 94% for the femur and patella. The uniplanar, relative to the triplanar, methodology produced slightly superior segmentation. Neither the presence of active growth plates nor pathology influenced segmentation accuracy.ConclusionThe proposed HNN with multi‐feature architecture provides a fully automatic technique capable of delineating the often indistinct interfaces between the bone and other joint structures with an accuracy better than nearly all other techniques presented previously, even when active growth plates are present.
SMS MUSSELS: A navigator‐free reconstruction for simultaneous multi‐slice‐accelerated multi‐shot diffusion weighted imaging
Authors: Mani Merry , Jacob Mathews , McKinnon Graeme , Yang Baolian , Rutt Brian , Kerr Adam , Magnotta Vincent 
Published: August 2019

PurposeTo introduce a novel reconstruction method for simultaneous multi‐slice (SMS)‐accelerated multi‐shot diffusion weighted imaging (ms‐DWI).MethodsSMS acceleration using blipped‐CAIPI schemes have been proposed to speed up the acquisition of ms‐DWIs. The reconstruction of the data requires (a) phase compensation to combine data from different shots and (b) slice unfolding to separate the data of different slices. The traditional approaches first estimate the phase maps corresponding to each shot and slice which are then employed to iteratively recover the slice unfolded DWIs without phase artifacts. In contrast, the proposed reconstruction directly recovers the slice‐unfolded k‐space data of the multiple shots for each slice in a single‐step recovery scheme. The proposed method is enabled by the low‐rank property inherent in the k‐space samples of ms‐DW acquisition. This enabled to formulate a joint recovery scheme that simultaneously (a) unfolds the k‐space data of each slice using a SENSE‐based scheme and (b) recover the missing k‐space samples in each slice of the multi‐shot acquisition employing a structured low‐rank matrix completion. Additional smoothness regularization is also utilized for higher acceleration factors. The proposed joint recovery is tested on simulated and in vivo data and compared to similar un‐navigated methods.ResultsOur experiments show effective slice unfolding and successful recovery of DWIs with minimal phase artifacts using the proposed method. The performance is comparable to existing methods at low acceleration factors and better than existing methods for higher acceleration factors.ConclusionsFor the slice accelerations considered in this study, the proposed method can successfully recover DWIs from SMS‐accelerated ms‐DWI acquisitions.