bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neuropathological characterization of a novel TANK binding kinase (TBK1) gene loss of function mutation associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Weinreich M. , Shepheard S. R. , Verber N. , Wyles M. , Heath P. R. , Highley J. R. , Kirby J. , Shaw P. J. 
Published: September 2019

AimsMutations in TANK binding kinase gene (TBK1) are causative in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), however correlations between clinical features and TBK1 mutations have not been fully elucidated. We aimed to identify and compare TBK1 mutations to clinical features in a cohort of ALS patients from Northern England.MethodsTBK1 mutations were analysed in 290 ALS cases. Immunohistochemistry was performed in brain and spinal cord of one case with a novel in‐frame deletion.ResultsSeven TBK1 variants were identified, including one novel in‐frame deletion (p.85delIle). In silico analysis and literature suggested four variants were pathogenic, and three were variants of uncertain significance or benign. Post‐mortem immunohistochemistry established an individual with the novel in‐frame deletion had classical ALS and Type B FTLD‐TDP pathology, with no changes in TBK1 staining or interferon regulatory factor IRF3.ConclusionsTBK1 mutations were present in 1.38% of our cohort, and screening showed no clear genotype‐phenotype associations compared to other genetic and sporadic ALS cases. TBK1 immunohistochemistry was consistent with previously published literature and we are the first to show no differential expression of interferon regulatory factor IRF3, a downstream effector of TBK1 in the immune pathway, in the TBK1‐mutant tissue, compared to controls.
Effectiveness of cognitive behavior therapy for patients with heart failure and depression: A systematic review protocol
Authors: Shabu Shancy , Jayasekara Rasika 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe objective of this review is to determine the effectiveness of cognitive behavior therapy for patients with heart failure and depression, aged ≥18 years, in institutionalized healthcare settings. More specifically, the review aims to identify which cognitive behavior therapy strategy/strategies, including the method of delivery, is the most effective for the management of depression in hospitalized patients with heart failure. The review question is as follows: Is cognitive behavior therapy effective in reducing symptoms of depression in patients with heart failure? This systematic review will be conducted in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for systematic reviews of effectiveness evidence. This review only includes randomized controlled trials assessing the effectiveness of cognitive behavior therapy as a treatment for depression in adults (aged ≥18 years) with heart failure, compared with usual care, which might include medications.
Declining root water transport drives stomatal closure in olive under moderate water stress
Authors: Rodriguez‐Dominguez Celia M. , Brodribb Timothy J. 
Published: September 2019

Summary

Efficient water transport from soil to leaves sustains stomatal opening and steady‐state photosynthesis. The aboveground portion of this pathway is well‐described, yet the roots and their connection with the soil are still poorly understood due to technical limitations.

Here we used a novel rehydration technique to investigate changes in the hydraulic pathway between roots and soil and within the plant body as individual olive plants were subjected to a range of water stresses.

Whole root hydraulic resistance (including the radial pathway from xylem to the soil–root interface) constituted 81% of the whole‐plant resistance in unstressed plants, increasing to > 95% under a moderate level of water stress. The decline in this whole root hydraulic conductance occurred in parallel with stomatal closure and contributed significantly to the reduction in canopy conductance according to a hydraulic model.

Our results demonstrate that losses in root hydraulic conductance, mainly due to a disconnection from the soil during moderate water stress in olive plants, are profound and sufficient to induce stomatal closure before cavitation occurs. Future studies will determine whether this core regulatory role of root hydraulics exists more generally among diverse plant species.
The bi‐dimensional rejection taxonomy: Organizing responses to interpersonal rejection along antisocial–prosocial and engaged–disengaged dimensions
Authors: Sunami Naoyuki , Nadzan Megan A. , Jaremka Lisa M. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractResponses to interpersonal rejection vary widely in form and function. Existing theories of interpersonal rejection have exclusively focused on organizing these responses on a single antisocial–prosocial dimension. Accumulating evidence suggests a gap in this approach: Variability in social responses to rejection cannot solely be explained by the antisocial–prosocial dimension alone. To fill this gap, we propose the bi‐dimensional rejection taxonomy, consisting of the antisocial–prosocial x‐axis and engaged–disengaged y‐axis, a novel contribution to the literature. We demonstrate that both the x‐ and y‐axes are necessary for understanding interpersonal responses to rejection and avoiding erroneous conclusions. We also show how this new framework allows researchers to generate more nuanced and accurate hypotheses about how people respond when rejected. We further demonstrate how existing research about individual differences and situational factors that predict responses to rejection can be viewed in a new light within the bi‐dimensional rejection taxonomy. We conclude by suggesting how the taxonomy inspires innovative questions for future research, including understanding spontaneous responses and neurophysiological markers. The preprint of this paper is available at https://psyarxiv.com/56ptx/
Touch in health professional practice: a review
Authors: Davin Lorna , Thistlethwaite Jill , Bartle Emma , Russell Kylie 
Published: September 2019

SummaryBackgroundThe appropriate use of touch is central to effective and compassionate care in the clinical environment; however, in a time of the #MeToo movement, and with heightened awareness of child and elder abuse, the notion of physical contact is frequently viewed negatively, and may be associated with gender and power divides. The use of touch in the clinical context has increasing layers of complexity and is highly context specific.… in a time of the #MeToo movement … the notion of physical contact is frequently viewed negatively …MethodsWe reviewed relevant literature, including textbooks, and have drawn on our own experiences to explore the concept and use of touch across medicine, nursing and dentistry.ResultsIn the context of learning and teaching in health we recognised two types of physical touch: expressive and procedural.DiscussionOur review legitimises the importance of learners and educators being equipped to consider the role and nuances of touch when engaging in professional behaviour. We provide suggestions for how this complex concept may be embedded into entry‐to‐practice curricula and approached in faculty development.
Cytomegalovirus renal infection: Rare manifestation of a common post‐transplant viral infection—A case series
Authors: Posadas Salas Maria Aurora , Thompson Jennifer , Kadian Manish , Ngo Tue , Bruner Evelyn , Self Sally 
Published: September 2019

AbstractCytomegalovirus is the most common viral infection in organ transplant recipients that usually affects the brain, lungs, liver, and gastrointestinal tract. Renal involvement of Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is otherwise rare. We present six cases of biopsy‐proven CMV renal infection. Five out of the six patients had detectable CMV viremia. Kidney biopsy revealed glomerulopathy in four cases and tubulointerstitial involvement in two cases. All patients exhibited decline in renal function at the onset of infection. Four out of six patients had improvement of renal function following treatment of CMV disease. To date, this is the largest case series of pure biopsy‐proven CMV renal infection described in a single center.
Determinants of transfusion decisions in the ICU: haemoglobin concentration, what else? – a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Kranenburg Floris J. , le Cessie Saskia , Caram‐Deelder Camila , van der Bom Johanna G. , Arbous M. Sesmu 
Published: September 2019

Background and ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to assess potentially relevant clinical characteristics which influence the decision to transfuse red cells in critically ill patients with low haemoglobin concentrations (6.0–10.0 g/dl).Materials and MethodsThis was a retrospective observational cohort study of patients admitted between November 2004 and May 2016 at the intensive care unit (ICU) of the Leiden University Medical Center, Netherlands. Haemoglobin measurements, clinical variables and the subsequent transfusion decision were extracted from the electronic health records. Clinical variables were grouped by organ system. We first examined the association of each of the clinical variables with the decision to transfuse during the following 6 h after a haemoglobin measurement using generalized estimating equations. We then compared the predictive abilities of single variables within an organ system and the predictive ability of an organ system’s combined variables using the change in Akaike information criterion (AIC).ResultsA total of 83 394 haemoglobin measurements of 10 947 ICU admissions were included. Haemoglobin concentration was the most predictive for red cell transfusion. After the haemoglobin concentration, the combined variables for General Health, followed by the organ systems Cardiovascular and Pulmonary, were most predictive for red cell transfusion. Within these organ systems, the APACHE II score, referring department, APACHE admission diagnosis subgroup, troponin concentration, lactate concentration, respiratory rate, PaO2/FiO2 and ventilation mode had the highest predictive ability.ConclusionHaemoglobin concentration is the dominant predictor for red cell transfusion. Other clinical characteristics are also predictive, though to a lesser extent.
An Investigation of Surrogate Models for Efficient Performance-Based Decoding of 3D Point Clouds
Authors: Cunningham James D. , Simpson Timothy W. , Tucker Conrad S. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
This work investigates surrogate modeling techniques for learning to approximate a computationally expensive function evaluation of 3D models. While in the past, 3D point clouds have been a data format that is too high dimensional for surrogate modeling, by leveraging advances in 3D object autoencoding neural networks, these point clouds can be mapped to a one-dimensional latent space. This leads to the fundamental research question: what surrogate modeling technique is most suitable for learning relationships between the 3D geometric features of the objects captured in the encoded latent vector and the physical phenomena captured in the evaluation software? Radial basis functions (RBFs), Kriging, and shallow 1D analogs of popular deep 2D image classification neural networks are investigated in this work. We find the nonintuitive result that departing from neural networks to decode latent representations of 3D objects into performance predictions is far more efficient than using a neural network decoder. In test cases using datasets of aircraft and watercraft 3D models, the non-neural network surrogate models achieve comparable accuracy to the neural network models. We find that an RBF surrogate model is able to approximate the lift and drag coefficients of 234 aircraft models with a mean absolute error of 1.97 × 10−3 and trains in only 3 seconds. Furthermore, the RBF surrogate model is able to rank a set of designs with an average percentile error of less than 8%. In comparison, a 1D ResNet achieves an average absolute error of 1.35 × 103 in 38 min for the same test case. We validate the comparable accuracy of the four techniques through a test case involving 214 3D watercraft models, but we also find that the distribution of the performance values of the data, in particular the presence of many outliers, has a significant negative impact on accuracy. These results contradict a common perception of neural networks as an efficient “one-size-fits-all” solution for learning black-box functions and suggests that even within systems that utilize multiple neural networks, potentially more efficient alternatives should be considered for each network in the system. Depending on the required accuracy of the application, this surrogate modeling approach could be used to approximate an expensive simulation software, or if the tolerance for error is low, it serves as a first pass which can narrow down the number of candidate designs to be analyzed more thoroughly.
Stability Margin of a Metamorphic Quadruped Robot With a Twisting Trunk
Authors: Zhang Chunsong , Zhang Chi , Dai Jian S. , Qi Peng 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
To date, most quadruped robots are either equipped with trunks that are rigid bodies or consist of blocks connected by passive joints. The kinematic performance of these quadruped robots is only determined by their legs. To release the mobility of trunks and enhance the performance of quadruped robots, this paper proposes a metamorphic quadruped robot with a moveable trunk (a planar six-bar closed-loop linkage), called MetaRobot I, which can implement active trunk motions. The robot can twist its trunk like natural quadrupeds. Through trunk twisting, the stability margin of the quadruped robot can be increased compared with that of a quadruped robot with a rigid trunk. The inner relationship between the stability margin and the twisting angle is analyzed in this paper. Finally, simulations are carried out to show the benefits facilitated by the twisting trunk to the quadruped robot.
Control-Oriented Finger Kinematic Model: Geometry-Based Approach
Authors: Won Jong-Seob , Robson Nina 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
This paper proposes a novel finger kinematic model for human hand configurations, which applies to the realization of a naturalistic human finger motion for robotic finger systems and artificial hands. The proposed finger model is derived based on the geometry of a hand shape grasping a virtual cylindrical object. The model is capable of describing the natural rotation configuration of the joints of a long finger with three degrees of freedom by a single parameter, i.e., the radius of a cylindrical object. Experimental validation of the model shows that it can simulate closely naturalistic human finger movements. With the use of the proposed model, discussions were made on how to achieve multifinger coordination that makes task-specific hand movements or a posture for specific hand actions. Due to the simplicity of the model to define joints angle configuration in a long finger by a single parameter, the combination of the proposed model and the multifinger coordination concept discussed can be seen as an inclusive framework in human-like hand systems design and control. This paper is the first step toward exploring future novel combined design–control strategies for the development of under-actuated prosthetic and powered orthotic devices for the naturalistic motion that are based on both Cartesian space trajectory tracking and joint angle coordination.
Slam-Induced Loads on a Three-Dimensional Bow With Various Pitch Angles
Authors: Wang Yiwen , Wu Weiguo , Wang Shan , Guedes Soares C. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
A 3D water entry of a typical bow model of river-to-sea ship is studied experimentally. A large number of systematic experiments have been performed for the bow model with different pitch angles. Considering various pitch angles and impact velocities in the model tests, the slamming pressure distributions on the bottom of the bow are presented and discussed. The measured slamming pressures on the bow are identified in terms of the maximum slamming coefficient. The effects of the pitch angle and impact velocity on slamming pressure are discussed as well, based on the experimental measurements. It is shown that the slamming load on the bottom of the model increases as the pitch angle decreases in most cases. With a higher impact velocity, the coefficient of the maximum slamming pressure is smaller for most of the tested cases.
Operational Modal Response Characterization of Pipeline Systems Through Reynolds Number Variation
Authors: Chen Haobin , Hugo Ronald J. , Park Simon 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
An operational modal response method for application to the structure health and integrity of pipelines is investigated. The modal response characteristics of externally supported pipe structures are quantified through flow Reynolds number (Red) variation. Pipe flow turbulence and the resulting hydrodynamic pressure fluctuations on the interior pipe wall provide the structural forcing mechanism, and signals from wall-mounted accelerometers provide the system response. During experiments, the Reynolds number is varied from 51,000 to 154,000. Over this Reynolds number range, the pipe flow turbulence was found sufficient enough to excite the structure at frequencies up to 400 Hz. Modal response characteristics obtained through Reynolds number variation were found to be in agreement with results from impact hammer modal testing. The in-situ modal response method developed was applied to two different structural health monitoring investigations, one involving loss-of-material and the other involving loss-of-fluid. The loss-of-material scenario simulated the process of external pipe wall corrosion, and the developed method was able to detect material loss as small as 1.4%. The loss-of-fluid scenario simulated a small leak. Despite the low operating pressure of 0.024 MPa, the methodology was able to detect fluid loss as low as 0.1% of the bulk flow rate. The developed method has the potential to offer in-situ continuous pipeline health monitoring that relies on the continuous changes (flow rate, product viscosity, product density) that are inherent to an operational pipeline system.
Frequency-Domain Estimation Method for Vibration-Induced Additional Cable Tension Based on Acceleration Monitoring
Authors: Xu Bin , Dan Danhui , Zhao Yiming 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Under excitation due to the environment or traffic load, cable vibration never ceases; thus, fatigue cycles generated by vibration-induced additional cable tension (VACT) owing to the change of the cable configuration from static to dynamic are significantly frequent. Therefore, VACT is a non-negligible cable-fatigue load. To investigate the cable dynamic stability and fatigue, it is necessary to determine VACT in a dynamic environment. Herein, a method for estimating VACT in the frequency-domain by using acceleration data is proposed. In this method, according to the cable vibration control equation, the frequency-domain relationship between the VACT and the vibration response of the measuring point is established based on the dynamic stiffness. Parameter analysis simplifies the proposed model to estimate VACT using only acceleration data. The proposed method is verified with cable acceleration data.
Social work students’ feedback about students’ suitability for field education and the profession
Authors: Zuchowski Ines , Watson Sally , Dickinson Tracey , Thomas Nicole , Croaker Sandra 
Published: September 2019

INTRODUCTION: Many students successfully complete placement, while, for a minority of students, placement may be a time when questions are asked about suitability for placement and professional practice.METHOD: Research undertaken with final year social work students examined their ideas about suitability and unsuitability for field education and practice and presented them with a model developed with field educators in an earlier phase of the research. The aim of the study was to incorporate students’ understanding into the discourse of suitability/unsuitability to further develop a suitability/unsuitability model for collaborative discussions between students, educators and supervisors. Twenty-eight students responded to an online survey.RESULTS: The results show that students identify a critical understanding of self, skills, knowledge, attitudes and contextual factors as important in assessing students’ suitability for field education. Identified indicators of unsuitability included lack of preparedness to learn, lack of capacityto demonstrate an understanding of professional values and ethics and inability to maintain professional boundaries or demonstrate basic practice skills. Students overwhelmingly supported the use of the presented model and made suggestions for further development of the model.IMPLICATIONS: The discussion emphasises the importance of using a pedagogically informed formative assessment strategy in a timely manner to address professional suitability with students.
Intended place of residence in old age of internal migrants aged 15–64 years: a citywide cross-sectional study in Shanghai, China
Authors: Zhao Jing , Su Yan , Mao Yanyan , Chen An-na , Zhou Xiao-ping , Zhou Wei-jin , Zhu Qian-xi 
Published: September 2019

ObjectivesTo explore the intentions of working-age internal migrants concerning their place of residence in old age and the relevant influencing factors.MethodA cross-sectional survey was conducted in the 17 districts of Shanghai, China in 2013. Through multi-stage stratified sampling with probability proportional to size, 7968 internal migrants (aged 15–64 years) were selected and interviewed individually face to face. The primary outcome concerned the intended place of residence in old age of internal migrants living in Shanghai. Information was collected on demographic characteristics, health insurance, economic condition and participation in social activities. Multinomial logistic regression was performed to analyse the factors influencing migrants’ intentions concerning their place of residence in old age.ResultsA total of 7927 working-age migrants with complete data were analysed. Of these, 57.0% intended to live in their hometown in old age, 17.7% planned to remain in Shanghai and 25.3% were undecided. Those respondents who were male, less educated, from rural areas or Western China, living in rental houses or who had left family members behind in their hometowns were more likely to choose their hometown as their intended residence in old age (p<0.05). Engagement in business, longer residence duration, possession of social insurance and participation in social activities in Shanghai were identified as possible motivators for migrants who intended to remain in Shanghai in old age (p<0.05).ConclusionsMost of the migrants expressed an intention to remigrate to their hometowns in old age. Education, economic capacity and social insurance influenced internal migrants in their decision. Relevant authorities should monitor the remigration pattern of ageing migrants, strengthen the senior care system and prepare health service resources that are more adequate, especially in the provinces or cities whence the migrants came.