bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The use of pharmacogenetic testing in patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder: A systematic review
Authors: Routhieaux Melanie , Keels Jessica , Tillery Erika E. 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Introduction:
Pharmacogenetic testing may assist in identifying an individual's risk of developing a mental illness as well as predict an individual's response to treatment. The objective of this study is to report published outcomes of pharmacogenetic testing in patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder.

Methods:
A systematic review using PubMed and EBSCOhost through April 2017 was performed to identify articles that reported pharmacogenetic testing in adult patients with either bipolar disorder or schizophrenia using the keywords pharmacy, pharmacogenomics, pharmacogenetics, psychiatry, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, mood stabilizer, and antipsychotic.

Results:
A total of 18 articles were included in the final literature review. A wide variety of genes amongst adult patients with varying ethnicities were found to be correlated with the development of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder as well as response to antipsychotics and mood stabilizers.

Discussion:
While current studies show a correlation between genetic variations and medication response or disease predisposition for patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, research is unclear on the type of therapeutic recommendations that should occur based on the results of the pharmacogenetic testing. Hopefully interpreting pharmacogenetic results will one day assist with optimizing medication recommendations for individuals with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.
Nortriptyline-induced oral ulceration: A case report
Authors: Olsufka William , Cabral Danielle , McArdle Megan , Kavanagh Rebecca 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Drug-induced oral ulcers are lesions of the oral mucosa accompanied by painful symptoms, such as burning mouth, metallic taste, dysgeusia, or ageusia. This report demonstrates the first documented case of drug-induced oral ulcers with the tricyclic antidepressant nortriptyline. In this case, a 49-year-old female initiated treatment for refractory neuropathy with nortriptyline. Within 2 weeks of therapy, painful, oral, bubble-like ulcers developed. Complete symptom resolution occurred approximately 1 month after discontinuation of nortriptyline. Clinicians should be cognizant of nortriptyline's ability to potentially induce oral ulcers; however, the exact mechanism for this adverse event is unknown.
Single‐Cell Mobility Analysis of Metastatic Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Zhuang Jialang , Wu Yongjian , Chen Liang , Liang Siping , Wu Minhao , Zhou Ledu , Fan Chunhai , Zhang Yuanqing 
Published: November 2018

AbstractEfforts have been taken to enhance the study of single‐cells, however, the task remains challenging because most previous investigations cannot exclude the interactions between single cells or separately retrieved cells with specificity for further analyses. Here, a single‐cell mobility analysis platform (SCM‐Chip) is developed that can not only real‐time monitor single‐cell migration in independent niches but can also selectively recover target cells one by one. The design of each channel with a single‐cell capture unit and an outlet enables the system to place single cells in different isolated niches with fluidic capture and to respectively collect target cells based on mobilities. SCM‐Chip characterization of breast cancer cells reveals the presence of high‐ and low‐migratory populations. Whole‐cell transcriptome analysis establishes that monocyte chemotactic protein induced protein 1 (MCPIP1) is related with cell mobility; cells with a high expression of MCPIP1 exhibit low mobility in vitro and metastasis in vivo. The SCM platform provides a generic tool for accurate single‐cell isolation and differentiation that can be readily adapted for the study of cancer and drug development.
Hierarchical Carbon Micro/Nanonetwork with Superior Electrocatalysis for High‐Rate and Endurable Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries
Authors: Ling Wei , Deng Qi , Ma Qiang , Wang Hong‐Rui , Zhou Chun‐Jiao , Xu Jian‐Kai , Yin Ya‐Xia , Wu Xiong‐Wei , Zeng Xian‐Xiang , Guo Yu‐Guo 
Published: November 2018

AbstractVanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs) are receiving increasing interest in energy storage fields because of their safety and versatility. However, the electrocatalytic activity of the electrode is a pivotal factor that still restricts the power and cycling capabilities of VRFBs. Here, a hierarchical carbon micro/nanonetwork (HCN) electrode codoped with nitrogen and phosphorus is prepared for application in VRFBs by cross‐linking polymerization of aniline and physic acid, and subsequent pyrolysis on graphite felt. Due to the hierarchical electron pathways and abundant heteroatom active sites, the HCN exhibits superior electrocatalysis toward the vanadium redox couples and imparts the VRFBs with an outstanding energy efficiency and extraordinary stability after 2000 cycles at 250 mA cm−2 and a discharge capacity of 10.5 mA h mL−1 at an extra‐large current density of 400 mA cm−2. Such a micro/nanostructure design will force the advancement of durable and high‐power VRFBs and other electrochemical energy storage devices.
Gene‐level associations in suicide attempter families show overrepresentation of synaptic genes and genes differentially expressed in brain development
Authors: Sokolowski Marcus , Wasserman Jerzy , Wasserman Danuta 
Published: November 2018

AbstractSuicidal behavior (SB) has a complex etiology involving different polygenic and environmental components. Here we used an excess of significant markers (ESM) test to study gene‐level associations in previous genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) SNP data from a family‐based sample, having medically severe suicide attempt (SA) as main outcome in the offspring. In SA without major psychiatric disorders (N = 498), a screening of 5,316 genes across the genome suggested association 17 genes (at fdr < 0.05). Genes RETREG1 (a.k.a. FAM134B), GSN, GNAS, and CACNA1D were particularly robust to different methodological variations. Comparison with the more widely used Multi‐marker Analysis of GenoMic Annotation (MAGMA) methods, mainly supported RETREG1, GSN, RNASEH2B, UBE2H, and CACNA1D by using the “mean” model, and ranked 13 of the same genes as ESM among its top‐17. Complementing the ESM screen by using MAGMA to analyze 17,899 genes, we observed excess of genes with p < .05 by using the “top” model, and the “mean” model suggested additional genes with genome‐wide fdr < 0.25. Overrepresentation analysis of 10 selected gene sets using all genes with p < .05, showed significant results for synaptic genes, genes differentially expressed in brain development and for ~12% of the SA polygenic association genes identified previously in this sample. Exploratory analysis linked some of the ESM top‐17 genes to psychotropic drugs and we examined the allelic heterogeneity in the previous SA candidate GRIN2B. This study complemented previous GWAS on SB outcomes, implicating both previous candidate (e.g., GRIN2B and GNAS) and novel genes in SA outcomes, as well as synaptic functions and brain development.
Bioinspired glycosaminoglycan hydrogels via click chemistry for 3D dynamic cell encapsulation
Authors: Kuang Liangju , Damayanti Nur P. , Jiang Chunhui , Fei Xing , Liu Wenjie , Narayanan Naagarajan , Irudayaraj Joseph , Campanella Osvaldo , Deng Meng 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTCell encapsulation within 3D hydrogels is an attractive approach to develop effective cell‐based therapies. However, little is known about how cells respond to the dynamic microenvironment resulting from hydrogel gelation‐based cell encapsulation. Here, a tunable biomimetic hydrogel system that possesses alterable gelation kinetics and biologically relevant matrix stiffness is developed to study 3D dynamic cellular responses during encapsulation. Hydrogels are synthesized by crosslinking thiolated hyaluronic acid and thiolated chondroitin sulfate with poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate under cell‐compatible conditions. Hydrogel properties are tailored by altering thiol substitution degrees of glycosaminoglycans or molecular weights of crosslinkers. Encapsulation of human mesenchymal stem cells through hydrogel gelation reveals high cell viability as well as a three‐stage gelation‐dependent cellular response in real‐time focal adhesion kinase (FAK) phosphorylation in live single cells. Furthermore, stiffer hydrogels result in higher equilibrium FAK activity and enhanced actin protrusions. Our results demonstrate the promise of hydrogel‐mediated cellular responses during cell encapsulation. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47212.
Viscosity monitoring study of the kinetics of aqueous‐medium N‐vinylpyrrolidone free‐radical polymerization
Authors: Neubauer Thiago M. , Cancelier Adriano , Machado Ricardo Antônio F. , Costa Cristiane 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTAqueous‐medium batch polymerizations of N‐vinylpyrrolidone (NVP) with different monomer and initiator concentrations were carried out in a stirred reactor equipped with temperature and viscosity sensors. The rate of monomer conversion was a function of the NVP concentration, increasing as the initial weight of monomer was lowered. It was suggested that the hydrophobic behavior of the polyvinylpyrrolidone and the hydrogen bonding between NVP water in the system leads to a micelle‐like state, responsible for practically doubling the propagation rate in the more diluted system. These effects were observed through in‐line viscosity and off‐line zeta potential measurements. A kinetic model with termination and propagation rates as a function of the monomer concentration provided a good description of the conversion profiles and molecular‐weight averages obtained by the experimental polymerizations taken from independent studies. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47261.
Design of hybrid nonisocyanate polyurethane coatings for advanced ambient temperature curing applications
Authors: Asemani Hamidreza , Zareanshahraki Forough , Mannari Vijay 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTThis study is focused on development of environmentally benign, two component, high solid, nonisocyanate Polyurethane (NIPU) coatings through a novel route based on cyclic carbonate/amine chemistry. Cyclic carbonates are synthesized and reacted with an excess amount of amine to yield polyurethane polyamines (PUPAs). Coatings are then prepared by using stoichiometric proportions of PUPAs and aliphatic epoxies as crosslinkers and their coating properties are studied. Results reveal that by proper design of NIPU oligomers—functional group content, backbone structure, and molecular weight (M
n)—coatings with outstanding performance features such as low temperature flexibility and resistance to chemicals can be obtained and selected coatings containing PUPA with M
n = 1480 and 1:1.5 mol ratio of low‐molecular‐weight amine exceed the performance of a conventional isocyanate‐based reference sample. Elimination of isocyanates, substantially reduced volatile organic compounds as well as fast ambient curing, make these polyurethane coatings a promising alternative for various industrial applications. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47266.
Preparation and characterization of antistatic packaging for electronic components based on poly(lactic acid)/carbon black composites
Authors: Silva Thaís Ferreira da , Menezes Fernanda , Montagna Larissa Stieven , Lemes Ana Paula , Passador Fabio Roberto 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTPoly(lactic acid) (PLA) is a biodegradable aliphatic polymer obtained from renewable sources; its main application is in the packaging sector. Electronic components require the use of antistatic packaging that prevents damage and electric shock. As PLA has no conductive characteristics, it requires the addition of allotropic carbon forms such as conductive carbon black to make the polymer less resistive as the dissipative material and making it suitable for the manufacture of antistatic packaging. In this study, PLA was melt blended with 5, 10, and 15 wt % of carbon black. The composites were prepared using a high‐speed mixer. Samples were characterized by Izod impact resistance tests, scanning electron microscopy, thermal properties, electrical characterization, and biodegradation tests in garden soil. The addition of carbon black in the PLA matrix increases the temperature of degradation and decreases the crystallinity degree and the impact resistance of the composites. However, carbon black is a great option to increase the electrical conductivity of PLA. The addition of carbon black in PLA makes the composite less resistive and suitable for use as antistatic packaging for the transportation and storage of electronic components. Furthermore, this composite does not cause damage to the environment as the carbon black does not interfere in the degradation mechanism of PLA. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47273.
Different Glycoconjugate Content in Mucus Secreting Cells of the Rat Fundic Gastric Glands
Authors: Gómez‐Santos Laura , Alonso Edurne , Díaz‐Flores Lucio , Madrid Juan Francisco , Sáez Francisco José 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTThe fundic glands of the stomach contain two types of mucous cells: surface mucous cells (SMCs) located at the surface of the stomach and the pits, and mucous neck cells (MNCs) situated in the neck of the glands. They produce mucins, highly glycosylated proteins. Very little is known about the glycan composition of these mucins and of gastric secretion in general. We used several lectins combined with deglycosylation pretreatments to analyze the glycan composition of SMCs and MNCs. The results showed the presence of terminal sialic acid and subterminal Gal and GalNAc, which is consistent with previous knowledge about glycosylation in mucins. Our results also support previous reports that showed a different expression of mucins in the SMCs, depending on their superficial or deep location in the pit. Some lectins labeled only the perinuclear region of the SMCs, but not the apical region, where the secretory granules are stored. This suggests that the lectins are labeling sugar residues that are accessible to lectins during the first steps of glycan synthesis, which occurs in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus. Our results indicate that SMCs and MNCs produce a mucus secretion with a different glycoconjugate composition. The secretion is more varied in SMCs. As our results coincide with what we know about glycosylation of mucins, we can conclude that most of the glycans detected belong to mucins, and the differences in glycosylation observed in each cell type may be due, mainly, to the different secreted mucins. Anat Rec, 301:2128–2144, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Morphological Features of the Glossopharyngeal Nerve in the Peripharyngeal Space, the Oropharynx, and the Tongue
Authors: Sakamoto Yujiro 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTThe glossopharyngeal nerve comprises sensory, motor and parasympathetic fibers, and its problem results in several disorders. This study investigated the glossopharyngeal nerve to elucidate the characteristics of its extracranial course and branching pattern. The nerve and adjacent structures were gross anatomically examined in 32 cadavers. The glossopharyngeal nerve descended from the jugular foramen in the peripharyngeal space. It dodged between the carotid arteries and the internal jugular vein and distributed the carotid and pharyngeal branches that formed the plexus with the branches of the vagus and sympathetic nerves. The glossopharyngeal nerve curved anteriorly around the stylopharyngeus and supplied it and the glossopharyngeus. However, it occasionally disappeared because it penetrated the stylopharyngeus. The nerve passed medially to the stylohyoid ligament to enter the oropharynx, with its entry located medially to the facial artery. It appeared anteriorly to the stylopharyngeus and the palatopharyngeus and inferiorly to the palatine tonsil in the oropharynx. Its appearance was obscured beneath the tonsil and, sometimes, beneath the longitudinal muscles. The nerve distributed the branches to the palatine tonsil, which formed a plexus with those that pierced the glossopharyngeus from the outside. At the root of the tongue, the nerve ramified into the posterior branches to the epiglottic vallecula, the medial ones the lingual tonsil and the vallate papillae and the anterior ones the vallate and foliate papillae. This study suggests that, occasionally, the detection of the glossopharyngeal nerve is challenging, and its association with the pharyngeal muscles and the facial artery can facilitate its localization. Anat Rec, 302:630–638, 2019. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Sectional Anatomy and Three‐Dimensional Visualization of the Posterolateral Complex of the Knee Joint Based on Undeformed High‐Resolution Sectional Anatomical Images
Authors: Song Yan , Xiong Yan , Chen Wei , Zuo Feng , Tan Liwen , Yao Jie , Chen Na , Bleys Ronald , Hu Xin , Zhang Shaoxiang , Wu Yi 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTThe anatomy of the posterolateral complex (PLC) of the knee is usually studied by dissection and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, which is still controversial. We aim to study it based on the images and an interactive 3D‐PDF from the Chinese Visible Human (CVH) datasets. CVH datasets (six transverse and one coronal) of the PLC and its adjacent structures were segmented and three‐dimensionally reconstructed. Histological sections images were used to establish criteria for the segmentation. MR images were studied in comparison with CVH images. The PLC was mainly composed of the fibular collateral ligament (FCL), popliteofibular ligament (PFL), arcuate popliteal ligament (APL), popliteus tendon (PT), fabellofibular ligament (FFL) and biceps femoris tendon (BT). These structures had origins or insertions located close to each other and collectively maintained the stability of the PLC. The origins of the PT and the FCL were located on the lateral condyle of the femur. The APL was “Y” shaped and had a 100% occurrence in our study. Its lateral and medial heads originated, respectively, from the posterolateral part and medial‐inferior part of fibrous capsule close to the lateral femoral condyle. The FCL, BT, main trunk of the APL, PFL and FFL had adjacent insertions on the posterolateral fibular head. CVH high‐resolution sectional anatomical images and a 3D‐pdf provided detailed morphological data for the PLC, and improved the identification and diagnostic accuracy for the PLC in MRI. We speculate that APL has a strong biological and mechanistic significance in the PLC. Anat Rec, 301:1764–1773, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Expression of the hybrid antimicrobial peptide lactoferrin–lysozyme in Pichia pastoris
Authors: Sun Jie , Jiang Jie , Liu Lifeng , Wang Zhao , Wei Chun 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe use of lactoferrin antimicrobial peptides and lysozymes as traditional antibiotic alternatives is suitable for solving drug residue and pathogen resistance. In this study, bovine lactoferrin (LfcinB) and human lysozyme (hLY) were combined through fusion expression in Pichia pastoris GS115 driven by constitutive GAP promoter. For neutralizing the toxic property of the antimicrobial peptide, anion antioxidant peptides from porcine myofibrillar protein and enzymatically hydrolyzed chicken egg white were fused to the hybrid antimicrobial peptide LfcinB–hLY. The 72‐H culture supernatant of the strain GS–LfcinB–hLY exhibited antibacterial activity toward both Escherichia coli K88 and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923). The LfcinB–hLY yield was 15.7 mg/L, and approximately 1.8 mg of pure LfcinB–hLY was obtained from 500 mL of cell culture after purification via ion exchange and reversed‐phase chromatography. The LfcinB–hLY fusion peptide demonstrates good antibacterial activity toward both Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacteria. This recombination protein with good stability demonstrates a potential use as animal feed additive to partly replace antibiotics.
Which of the Following Is True: We Can Write Better Multiple Choice Questions
Authors: Rauschert Emily S. J. , Yang Suann , Pigg Rachel M. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIn August of 2018, we held a workshop for ecological educators on best practices for writing multiple‐choice questions at the annual Ecological Society of America (ESA) meeting. Here, we summarize the highlights from the pedagogical literature and our own experiences that we shared with workshop participants, along with their insights. The feedback we received at the end of the workshop suggested a need for more pedagogical training opportunities at future conferences.
Killian‐Jamieson diverticulum mimicking a suspicious thyroid lesion
Authors: Schmitt Willian , Germano Ana 
Published: November 2018

Key Clinical MessageKillian‐Jamieson diverticulum represents a rare form of esophageal diverticulum originating on the anterolateral wall of the cervical esophagus. Despite its rarity, it is crucial to recognize this entity, with such specific imaging findings, to avoid unnecessary invasive procedures such as fine‐needle aspiration or even surgery.
Unusual recurrence of breast cancer in a BRCA‐variant patient after fat grafting
Authors: Skendelas John P. , Lee Clara , Mangino Ann , Carson William E. 
Published: November 2018

Key Clinical MessageThe oncologic safety of fat grafting procedures remains well‐characterized in the recent literature; however, we recommend exercising vigilance when evaluating BRCA‐positive and other patients at higher oncologic risk after reconstruction and fat grafting, whose cancer recurrence diagnosis may pose significant clinical challenges.
A Catalytic Strategy for α,ω‐Functionalization: NHC‐Mediated Fragmentation/Umpolung Cascades to Access Hydroxytrifluoromethyl Ynones and Allenones
Authors: Selg Christoph , Kraft Fabian B. , Welcke Linda , Zeitler Kirsten 
Published: November 2018

AbstractHerein we report an unprecedented, convenient NHC‐catalyzed one‐pot cascade reaction to afford α,ω‐difunctionalized hydroxytrifluoromethyl alkynones and allenones in a single step. The critical fragile aliphatic aldehydes are introduced by a base‐mediated in situ Grob‐type fragmentation of their corresponding latent cyclic vinylogous hemiacetal triflate (VHAT) and γ‐hydroxy vinyl triflate (GHVT) precursors, avoiding typical problems and losses upon isolation. The ′demasked′ aldehydes are subsequently trapped by NHC‐catalyzed umpolung and further metal‐free C−C‐cross‐coupling to access a broad scope of terminally modified alkynyl or allenyl aliphatic, aromatic and heteroaromatic trifluoromethyl ketones as multifunctionalized, high‐value building blocks for advanced synthetic applications. Additional synthetic utility of this approach is demonstrated with the possibility for asymmetric variants using chiral NHC‐catalysts.