bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Postural Control in Female Rhythmic Gymnasts in Selected Balance Exercises: A Study of Two Cases
Authors: Sobera Małgorzata , Rutkowska-Kucharska Alicja 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Introduction.
The aim of the study was to determine the differences in the quality of postural control between two female rhythmic gymnasts with different training experience during the performance of balance exercises. In rhythmic gymnastics, the same balance exercises are performed by novice and elite gymnasts. Balance exercises involving standing on the toes of one leg with the free leg raised in different positions are considered to be extreme forms of exercise in terms of the postural balance abilities required. In coaching practice, it is important to have tools which facilitate the objective assessment of the process of maintaining balance in such exercises.

Material and methods.
The study involved two female rhythmic gymnasts: a younger one (age = 8 years and training experience = 4 years) and an older one (age = 21 years and training experience = 14 years). The athletes performed three balance exercises standing on a Kistler platform: the split with hand support (lateral balance), the ring with hand support, and the back split without hand support (balance on the whole foot). The parameters describing the quality of postural control used in the current analysis were the range and velocity of COP displacements in the anterior-posterior and medial-lateral directions.

Results
. Postural control in the balance exercises in the younger rhythmic gymnast was characterised by almost two times greater COP displacements in the anterior-posterior direction and more rapid than that of the older gymnast. COP displacements in the medial-lateral direction in all the exercises described did not differentiate the subjects. In the back split without hand support, the older athlete showed greater variability of postural control with smaller COP displacement and velocity than the younger gymnast.

Conclusion.
Gymnastics training should include exercises strengthening the muscles acting on the ankle and hip joints, which could improve the stability of these joints during the performance of difficult balance exercises. Improving the stabilising function of these muscles helps to minimise anterior-posterior movements in these joints.
Bone Mineral Status of Young Men With Different Levels of Physical Activity
Authors: Długołęcka Barbara , Jówko Ewa , Czeczelewski Jan , Cieśliński Igor , Klusiewicz Andrzej 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Introduction.
The study sought to assess bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD) in men with different levels of physical activity during the period of reaching peak bone mass

Material and methods
. The research included wrestlers (n = 31) and students of the University of Physical Education (n = 88) aged 18-24. The state of the bone tissue was assessed with the use of the bone densitometry (DEXA) method (lumbar spine L2-L4). Data concerning the physical activity levels and nutritional behaviours of the study participants were gathered in a diagnostic survey carried out using a specially prepared questionnaire.

Results.
The analysis of the results revealed that as there were no statistically significant differences in nutritional behaviours between men from particular groups, physical activity proved to be the factor which significantly differentiated the groups under investigation in terms of their bone mass. The highest mean values of the bone parameters analysed were achieved by the wrestlers, who demonstrated a high level of physical activity.
Comparative Analysis of the Use of Moderate-Altitude Training by Top Russian and Chinese Athletes
Authors: Myakinchenko Evgeny , Binghong Gao , Shestakov Mikhail 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Introduction.
The aim of our work was to study the effect of natural hypoxia applied by elite athletes in the course of common training. Data analysed in this paper were collected during joint Russian-Chinese research on the training of elite athletes, who were members of the Russian national team (8 male biathletes, B-team) and 2016 Chinese Olympic team (12 female rowers, R-team).

Material and methods.
The study was held in the preparatory period, which lasted 4-5 months. The preparatory period in each team was divided into two stages. In the R-team, in the first stage, a training camp was organised at sea level (SL) (200 m, 57 days), and in the second stage, an altitude camp (AC) was held at 2,280 m (40 days). In the B-team, in the first stage, two training camps were held: the first one at 1,100 m (AC, June-July, 19 days) and the second one, a sea level camp (SLC), at 140 m (July-August, 31 days). Thus, the second control test was preceded by 31-day-long training at SL. In the second stage (September-October), three training camps were held: the first one at 1,100 m (AC, 19 days), the second one at 150 m (SLC, 13 days), and the third one at 1,100-2,800 m (AC, 11 days). Both teams underwent three control tests: prior to the first training stage, at the end of the first training stage, and 6-8 days after the end of the second training stage. All control tests were performed at SL.

Results.
Monitoring of elite athletes’ training in the preparatory period showed positive changes in physical preparedness in both groups. However, we found that those positive changes might not be related to an additional effect of natural hypoxia.

Conclusion.
Our study has shown that rational and well-balanced planning according to training goals is the key factor in improving general and specific athletic preparedness.
Secular Trends in the Physical Fitness of Underweight, Overweight, and Obese Girls
Authors: Saczuk Jerzy , Wasiluk Agnieszka 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Introduction.
Along with the changing socio-economic status of the Polish society, differences in the nutritional statuses of children and adolescents as well as a decrease in their physical fitness are becoming apparent. The aim of the study was to determine ten-year changes in the physical fitness of girls with normal weight-to-height ratios compared to their underweight, overweight, and obese peers.

Material and methods.
A total of 5,760 girls aged 13-18 years were examined in 2006, and 2,669 girls were evaluated ten years later. The participants of the study underwent the Eurofit tests, and their height and weight were measured, which made it possible to calculate BMI. The subjects were divided into groups based on the recommendations of the International Obesity Task Force. Ten-year differences in physical fitness were expressed in T-scale points, and their magnitude was estimated using Student’s t-test for independent samples. The frequency of underweight and excess weight was expressed in percentages, and the size of statistical differences between the groups was evaluated using the χ2 test.

Results
. During the decade analysed, the prevalence of overweight and obesity in the group of girls increased and that of underweight decreased. From 2006 to 2016, there were no significant changes in the physical fitness of the girls, neither in the calculations for the entire population nor in the group with normal BMI. On the other hand, an improvement in the level of physical fitness of under-weight girls and its decrease in overweight and obese subjects were observed. However, the changes were not consistent across all Eurofit tests.

Conclusion.
The changes in the weight-to-height ratios and physical fitness of the girls who participated in the study show that there is a need to undertake inter-ministerial corrective actions aimed at increasing the physical activity of children and adolescents, with particular emphasis on students with excess body weight.
Impact of the Organisation of Mega Sporting Events on Selected Elements of the Tourism Sector
Authors: Zawadzki Krystian 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Introduction.
In the world-wide literature, there is no unanimity in the assessment of the impact of mega sporting events on the tourism sector. Therefore, the main purpose of this study was to quantify the impact of mega sporting events on changes in tourist inflow and the amount of expenditure incurred by visitors.

Material and methods.
In this study, an ex-post analysis of many different categories of mega sporting events was carried out in the context of their impact on selected aspects of the tourism sector in host countries. The study examined events organised in the years 1996-2014 classified into one of four categories: the Summer Olympic Games (SOG), the Winter Olympic Games (WOG), the Football World Cup (FIFA), and the European Football Championship (UEFA). The approach adopted made it possible to analyse the impact of sporting events on the tourism sector over 15 years. Data on both the inflow of tourists and the expenditure generated by them were taken from a single source – reports of the United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO).

Results.
The results obtained are characterised by ambiguity, although the study identified the categories of sporting events and the sporting event phase in which clearly positive or negative effects on the tourism sector could be observed.

Conclusions.
The difficulty in confirming unambiguously positive, tangible effects on the tourism sector resulting from the organisation of mega sporting events makes it problematic to justify the commitment of large expenditure to preparing and conducting these events. It is necessary to look for other, intangible benefits related to the organisation of these events. It also seems appropriate to continue the research undertaken in the future on the basis of data disaggregated at the regional level.
’Your Language is Forbidden’: Language Negation As Political Oppression in Pinter’s Mountain Language
Authors: Goodspeed Andrew 
Published: June 2019

Summary
This paper examines Harold Pinter’s late play Mountain Language as a depiction of political oppression specifically rooted in linguistic oppression. The play presents a “mountain people” who have been forbidden to use their “mountain language” by a coercive state authority. The play contrasts the brutality of the officers and guards with the humanity (represented through two still-life ‘tableau’ scenes) of the victims, the “mountain people.” The paper notes, however, that there is an unsettling linguistic twist to the play, in that the “mountain language” and the “language of the capital” are both English in performance. The paper suggests that this is partly motivated by Pinter’s expressed desire to make the play disturbingly recognizable to western audiences, thus removing the spectator’s or reader’s ability to judge such oppressions as being exotic, irrelevant, or encountered only in distant unstable countries. The paper argues that Pinter’s focus upon linguistic prohibition, linguistic discrimination, and linguistic denigration is rendered unexpectedly universal through the reliance of the text upon English as the medium for both the prohibited language and the language of authority.
Education Policy and Creole Education in Guadeloupe: Ambiguity for Educators in Educational Materials and Concern Over a French-Creole Interlect in the Classroom
Authors: Smith Taylor RaeAnne 
Published: June 2019

Summary
Regional languages in France have historically struggled to find their place in the national linguistic landscape, and French-based Creoles, like those of Guadeloupe and Martinique, are no exception. Despite laws and initiatives like the creation of the Creole CAPES (2002) and the propagation of research like Poth (1997) and Cummins (2009) on the benefits of bilingualism, Creole-language education in French overseas departments, like Guadeloupe, is still stigmatized for a lack of standardization by academic policymakers, despite its attested success in the classroom as a tool for improving students’ metalinguistic capacities in French. Using a corpus of official Creole-language educational guides, pedagogical guides and one elementary textbook featuring exercises focusing on correction of regional French phrases, along with observations of two elementary Creole-language classes in Guadeloupe, this paper aims to analyze and demonstrate that educators often receive mixed messages on how to teach Creole in bilingual classrooms, and that the language is often perceived as a threat by French academic policymakers to the French abilities of students in Guadeloupe—yet that in practice, elementary students are more likely to struggle with Creole than French.
To Be Or Not to Be: An Overview of Clil Implementation in Lithuania
Authors: Verikaitė-Gaigalienė Daiva , Andziulienė Loreta 
Published: June 2019

Summary
CLIL (Content and Language Integrated Learning), as an approach to bilingual education in which both content and a foreign language are taught together, started to be employed in secondary schools of Lithuania more than a decade ago; however, there still exists a diversity of opinions towards its benefits and flaws. The studies on CLIL in the European countries have shown that the success of CLIL very much depends on the existing policy documents on the national level regulating CLIL implementation and providing guidance to schools and teachers. It also depends on the amount of research conducted on CLIL in a particular country. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to analyse the current state of affairs of CLIL in Lithuania in terms of the existing policy documents, implemented projects and conducted research that would serve as a theoretical background highlighting the necessity for further analytical investigation. The results of the analysis have shown that no coherent national policies in terms of teaching CLIL have been developed or legal government regulations have been issued in Lithuania until today. The present study has revealed that systematic approach towards investigation of CLIL in Lithuania has not yet been adopted which resulted in the lack of comprehensive analyses on an overall situation of CLIL in Lithuania as well as on factors ensuring efficiency of CLIL implementation in particular. The findings of the study point towards the need for such analyses in the future.
Lexical and Morphological Features of Translational Lithuanian
Authors: Vaičenonienė Jurgita , Kovalevskaitė Jolanta 
Published: June 2019

Summary
In Lithuanian public and academic discourse, discussions about the influence of English have received considerable attention. Much has been written on the English borrowings in Lithuanian or various translation strategies applied at word, phrase or syntactic levels of language, whereas there have been only few attempts to investigate how Lithuanian translated from English differs from original language. This is why we found it interesting to investigate lexical an morphological features of translated Lithuanian applying the methods of corpus liguistics. For research purposes, we used a morphologically annotated comparable 4 mln. word corpus of original and translated fiction and popular science literature ORVELIT. It has been found that translations deviate in certain ways from original Lithuanian. Translated Lithuanian has: a lower lexical density, higher proportion of function words, shorter sentences, and higher proportion of list heads; translated fiction has a lower lexical variability and smaller proportion of low frequency words, whereas in popular science translations, these differences are less evident. Keyword analysis has shown content differences in originals and translations and the overuse of personal and possessive pronouns in popular science translations. The distribution of content and function words differs in originals and translations and in different registers. Translated Lithuanian has: more verbs (especially finite forms and adverbial participles), but less nouns and adjectives; fiction translations have less and popular science more adverbs than originals; there are more pronouns and prepositions in both popular science and fiction translations; depending on the register, there are higher or lower numbers of conjunctions, particles and interjections. Some of the differences may be explained by the English language interference as: the overuse of the optional 1st person pronoun in subject position, the overuse of optional preposition “su” with instrumental case, or the overuse of optional link verb in the complex predicate. In other words, the English influence is seen in transferring certain features obligatory for analytical language where omission would be a more natural choice in original Lithuanian. These findings in most cases agree with the previous research on translationese of other languages. It is hoped that the identified tendencies to over- or under-use certain lexical and morphological features as a result of English language interference might appear to be useful when editing and translating.
PENGARUH SELF EFFICACY DAN LOCUS OF CONTROL TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN (Studi Pada Ramayana Mal Bali)
Authors: Ary Iwan Restu , Sriathi Anak Agung Ayu 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRAK

Kinerja menjadi landasan yang sesungguhnya bagi organisasi karena tanpa adanya kinerja maka tujuan yang dimiliki oleh organisasi tidak dapat dicapai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan pengaruh self efficacy dan locus of control terhadap kinerja karyawan studi pada Ramayana Mal Bali. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada perusahaan Ramayana Mal Bali. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 64 orang karyawan, dengan metode simple random sampling. Data dari penelitian ini adalah data primer yang diperoleh dari hasil observasi, wawancara dan penyebaran kuesioner. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah regresi linier berganda. Berdasarkan hasil analisis yang telah dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa self efficacy berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan. Locus of control berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan. Self efficacy dan locus of control secara bersama-sama berpengaruh terhadap kinerja karyawan.

Kata kunci: kinerja karyawan, self efficacy, locus of control
PENGARUH JOB INSECURITY DAN KEPUASAN KERJA TERHADAP TURNOVER INTENTION PADA KARYAWAN HOTEL
Authors: Januartha A A Gede Agung , Adnyani I.G.A Dewi 
Published: June 2019

Turnover intention will affect the performance and sustainability of the company for the future. The purpose of this research is to analyze the influence of job insecurity and job satisfaction toward turnover intention. The research was conducted at Hotel Grand Zuri Kuta, Badung regency, Bali. The number of respondents in use as many as 75 employees by using the census method. Data analysis method used is multiple linear regression analysis. Data collecting through, questionnaires and interviews. The results showed that job insecurity had positive and significant effect on turnovrer intention, and job satisfaction had negative and significant effect on turnover intention. To lower the turnover intention rate it is important to pay attention to safety and comfort in working. Therefore it is very necessary to minimize the threats of cyclical and psychological to employees because it will impact on performance and also a strong reference to minimize turnover intention. In addition to job security (job insecurity) job satisfaction is also a strong reference in mempenguruh intention turnover intention. Therefore it is very important to pay attention to job satisfaction from employees to high employee satisfaction level, thus will show the positive level of employees, both to the work and environment.
Keywords: job insecurity, job satisfaction, intrntion turnover
PENGARUH KUALITAS PELAYANAN DAN PERSEPSI NILAI TERHADAP KEPUASAN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN WORD OF MOUTH PARTY PLANNER
Authors: Alexandra Alicia , Suprapti Ni Wayan Sri 
Published: June 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kualitas pelayanan dan persepsi nilai terhadap kepuasan pelanggan untuk meningkatkan word of mouth bagi pengguna jasa party planner. Data diambil dengan menggunakan kuesioner dari 107 responden di Kota Denpasar yang sudah pernah menggunakan jasa tersebut minimal sekali dalam dua tahun terakhir. Data diolah menggunakan analisis regresi. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa kualitas pelayanan dan persepsi nilai berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan pelanggan. Selain itu kepuasan pelanggan juga berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap word of mouth. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa untuk meningkatkan word of mouth yang positif, perusahaan diharapkan mampu mempertahankan atau meningkatkan kepuasan pelanggan. Kepuasan pelanggan dapat dipertahankan atau ditingkatkan dengan cara menjaga atau meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan dan persepsi nilai.
PENERAPAN JUST IN TIME UNTUK EFISENSI BIAYA PERSEDIAAN
Authors: Janson B El Bethree Jeremya , Nurcaya I Nyoman 
Published: June 2019

Just In Time is a system designed to get good quality, reduce costs, and achieve time and cost as efficiently as possible by eliminating the waste. This research was conducted at Pizza Hut Delivery Kerobokan, aimed at knowing and analyzing Just In Time implementation in improving inventory cost efficiency. Data collection method is done by observing the object under study. Data analysis techniques used are descriptive quantitative analysis techniques. The results of this study indicate that the traditional purchasing system that was implemented in 2016 is still not effective, because it still uses the traditional system which causes waste. Pizza Hut Delivery companies should implement the Just In Time purchase system, enter into agreements with suppliers regarding the quality, quantity and time of raw material delivery with an agreement with the supplier of the company to minimize storage and ordering costs.
Keywords: just in time, cost efficiency, inventory
PENGARUH VOLUME PERDAGANGAN TERHADAP VOLATILITAS (Studi pada Bursa Efek Indonesia dan New York Stock Exchange)
Authors: Supriati Putu Ayu , Wiagustini Ni Luh Putu 
Published: June 2019

Studi ini dilakukan untuk memahami efek volume perdagangan saham pada volatilitas dan mengetahui perbedaan dari hasil pengujian di dua pasar yang berbeda. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Bursa Efek Indonesia serta New York Stock Exchange dengan memilih IHSG di masing-masing pasar sebagai sampel pada tahun 2013 sampai 2018. Regresi linier dan uji beda dua rata-rata digunakan sebagai teknik utama dalam menganalisis data. Penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa volume perdagangan saham berpengaruh positif siginifikan terhadap volatilitas saham dan pelaku pasar dapat mengambil keputusan dengan berpedoman pada volatilitas saham. Adanya pengaruh tersebut membuktikan peningkatan volume perdagangan menyebabkan semakin tinggi volatilitas. Pengujian yang dilakukan di dua pasar ini mengonfirmasi adanya tingkat volatilitas di kedua pasar, namun volatilitas di Bursa Efek Indonesia lebih tinggi dibandingkan volatilitas New York Stock Exchange. Hasil penelitian juga mengonfirmasi adanya perbedaan pada persentase pengaruh volume perdagangan terhadap volatilitas pada kedua pasar.
Kata Kunci : Volume perdagangan, volatilitas, Bursa Efek Indonesia, New York Stock Exhange