bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design of a wearable pain management system with embroidered TENS electrodes
Authors: Goncu Berk Gozde 
Published: February 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to develop a user friendly, wearable pain management system by optimizing CAD embroidery parameters for manufacturing high performance dry transcutaneous electrical neural stimulation (TENS) electrodes.

Design/methodology/approach
User-centered design methodology is employed to identify user needs related to TENS devices. Optimization of CAD embroidery parameters was done by measuring and calculating resistance and signal-to-noise values for electrodes manufactured with different conductive thread, stitch pattern, and stitch density types.

Findings
Characteristics of the conductive thread such as thickness and irregularity, embroidery stitch pattern, stitch density therefore the amount of conductive thread used all effect resistance values and signal-to-noise values of TENS electrodes. Low resistance of TENS electrode surface does not mean high signal-to-noise ratio and high TENS signal quality. Satin stitch type with low stitch density provides the best resistance and signal-to-noise ratio for a TENS electrode.

Originality/value
This study reported the design process of a wearable pain management system with a focus on optimization of embroidery manufacturing parameters for development of TENS electrodes. The design process not only required technical optimization but also understanding user problems related to use of conventional TENS devices. Proposed end product is a user friendly, electronic textile based, wireless wearable pain management system in different forms suitable for major pain areas such as knee, elbow and neck.
External knowledge sources as antecedents of organizational innovation in firm workplaces: a knowledge-based perspective
Authors: Simao Lurdes , Franco Mário 
Published: February 2018

PurposeThis paper aims to analyse the impact of different knowledge sources used by firms to adopt organizational innovation, in relation to organization of responsibilities and decision-making in the workplace.Design/methodology/approachTo fulfil the proposed objective, quantitative research, based on a sample of 2,591 Portuguese firms, has been undertaken. Data have been obtained from the Community Innovation Survey 2012.FindingsThe results show the importance of external knowledge from suppliers, clients, consultants and commercial laboratories in new innovation practices in firm workplace. Knowledge from competitors, universities, the State and research institutes does not present a significant effect.Practical implicationsKnowledge sources can stimulate the introduction of new management practices in the workplace, consistent with the external search literature on technological innovation, which argues that many of the ideas and implementation skills for organizational innovation come from outside sources.Originality/valueWithin the innovation management literature, very few studies tried to explore organizational innovation in firm workplaces. This paper is innovative and makes a novel contribution mainly to the knowledge management field by highlighting the importance of external knowledge sources in organizational innovation in firm workplaces from a knowledge-based perspective.
Tourism and the new generations: emerging trends and social implications in Italy
Authors: Monaco Salvatore 
Published: February 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to outline the profile of Italian tourists belonging to the new generations: Millennials or Generation Y (approximately people born in the 1980-1995 period) and post-Millennials or Generation Z (approximately people born in the 1996-2010 period).

Design/methodology/approach
After reviewing some of the more interesting research on Millennials and post-Millennials, the paper will present the results of an unpublished online empirical survey conducted on a sample of 200 Italian web users who agreed to participate. The questionnaire, administered via computer-assisted web interviewing system, consists of structured questions concerning the practices, attitudes, emerging needs and use of new technologies that characterize Millennials and post-Millennials, with a special focus on tourism.

Findings
The research will consider the differences between the two groups, as well as possible differences within each group linked to other socio-demographic variables (such as gender and area of residence).

Originality/value
The paper addresses a series of innovative questions: what are the practices of Millennials and Post-Millennials as tourists? What are the needs of these generations that the tourist industry must respond to? How do new technologies support Millennials and post-Millennials in their tourism choices? What are the main differences between Millennials and post-Millennials?
Diamond burs versus curettes in root planing: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Türktekin F , Buduneli N , Lappin DF , Türk T , Buduneli E 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBackgroundThis study compares diamond burs and curettes by clinical, microbiological, biochemical and scanning electron microscopic parameters and treatment time data in the non‐surgical periodontal treatment of patients with chronic periodontitis.MethodsTwo quadrants of each of the 12 patients received root planing with diamond burs, whereas the other two quadrants were treated with curettes. Clinical periodontal measurements were recorded at baseline and then 1, 3 and 6 months after completion of non‐surgical periodontal treatment. Subgingival plaque and gingival crevicular fluid samples were obtained at baseline and 1‐month control. Twenty‐one hopeless teeth received root planing with diamond burs or curettes or no treatment and then extracted for microscopic evaluations.ResultsClinical periodontal parameters improved similarly with both treatment modalities. Microbiological analyses revealed similar findings for the bacterial load (16S gene copy numbers) and ratio of each bacterium to the total bacterial count at baseline and 1‐month control. Cytokine levels in the gingival crevicular fluid samples exhibited differences between the two treatments. Scanning electron microscopic analyses indicated that diamond burs were better in terms of calculus removal and loss of tooth substance indices but roughness index values were better for curettes.ConclusionsDiamond burs provide findings comparable with curettes in root planing.
Osteonecrosis of the jaws: a 14‐year retrospective survey of hospital admissions
Authors: McGowan K , Ivanovski S , Acton C 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBackgroundOsteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) is a serious complication of both radiation and antiresorptive therapies. This study aimed to determine how many patients have been treated for medication‐related osteonecrosis of the jaws (MRONJ) and osteoradionecrosis (ORN), and whether the number of diagnoses has decreased over time with improved awareness and preventative measures.MethodsMedical records at the Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Gold Coast University Hospital and Robina Hospital were reviewed to identify patients diagnosed with MRONJ and ORN between January 2003 and May 2017. Data on patient demographics, year of admission and primary disease were analysed.ResultsTwo hundred and thirty‐eight patients were diagnosed with ONJ, of which 74.4% were ORN and 25.6% were MRONJ. Tongue (24.6%), floor of mouth (17.3%) and tonsillar (15.1%) squamous cell carcinomas were the most common primary diseases associated with ORN, with a strong male predominance (80%). Of patients diagnosed with MRONJ, 52.5% were taking low‐dose antiresorptives for osteoporosis (44.2%), rheumatoid arthritis (4.6%) or Paget's disease (3.3%), while 47.5% were oncology patients receiving high‐dose antiresorptives.ConclusionsThe number of patients diagnosed with MRONJ and ORN has trended upwards since 2003. ORN affected three times more patients than MRONJ, and patients on low‐dose antiresorptives accounted for over half of the MRONJ cases.
Gestures of taxidermy: Morphological approximation as interspecies affinity
Authors: KALSHOVEN PETRA TJITSKE 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACTAnthropologists have recently begun to highlight human relatedness with other animal species, arguing for a more inclusive posthumanism in which boundaries between different categories of “life” become blurred. Taxidermy in Britain and western Europe both troubles and supports assumptions about interspecies entanglements. In taxidermy, living humans meet dead animals in ways that suggest kinship relations beyond death, expressed in morphological analogies. Lifelike animation occurs both discursively and plastically, and the recent influx of artists into taxidermy has given it particular prominence. A specific ethics of the body emerges, one that makes a professed environmental affinity among artist‐taxidermists pale in comparison with the “morphological approximation” performed by professional taxidermists in relation to the animals whose lives they claim to prolong. [morphology,ethics of the body,taxidermy,interspecies affinity,morphological approximation,Britain,western Europe]
Iron Nutrition in Childhood: the Interplay of Genes, Development and Environment
Authors: WHARTON B. A. 
Published: February 2018

Wharton, B. A. (University of Glasgow Department of Human Nutrition, Yorkhill Hospitals, Glasgow, G3 8SJ). Iron nutrition in childhood: the interplay of genes, development and environment.The state of a child's iron nutrition depends on his genetic endowment, the stage of development he has reached and the environment in which he lives. Genetic disorders lead more commonly to iron overload than to deficiency. Generally interplay between genes and environment is apparently of little importance when considering iron deficiency; are we missing something? The greatest demands for iron are at the time of most rapid growth, i.e. during infancy and puberty, but during early infancy body stores can meet the demand without a need for dietary iron. Oxygen, diet and microbes are the important environmental factors related to iron nutrition. The relationship of oxygen toxicity to iron nutrition in the newborn has received only fleeting study, the availability of iron from many foods is unclear; the clinical significance of iron overload and deficiency in the evolution of an infection is also unclear despite a wealth of in vitro observation. I am not convinced that the bottle fed baby should receive iron in his diet during the first 4–6 months of life. Thereafter, while the concept of universal unselective supplementation causes some uneasiness there are considerable epidemiological arguments for fortification of food with iron.
Biochemical Effects of Iron Deprivation
Authors: HERCBERG S. , GALAN P. 
Published: February 2018

Hercberg, S. and Galán, P. (Centre de Recherches sur les Anémies Nutritionnelles, Institut Scientifique et Technique de l'Alimentation, CNAM, 2, rue Conté, F‐75003 Paris, France). Biochemical effects of iron deprivation.The consequences of iron deprivation on iron‐containing enzymes of different tissues in rat and/or human is reviewed. Iron participates in a wide variety of biochemical processes, including mitochondrial electron transport, catecholamine metabolism and DNA synthesis. Recently, a broad spectrum of biochemical abnormalities resulting from iron deficiency have been described. Effects on skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, brain tissue, liver tissue gastrointestinal tractus, body temperature regulation, DNA synthesis are successively discussed. The key liabilities of tissue iron deficiency, even at a mild degree relate to decrease in intellectual performance, and in physical capacity during exercise, alteration of temperature regulation, immune function.
A framework for identifying accounting characteristics for asset pricing models, with an evaluation of book‐to‐price
Authors: Penman Stephen H. , Reggiani Francesco , Richardson Scott A. , Tuna İrem 
Published: February 2018

AbstractWe provide a framework for identifying accounting numbers that indicate risk and expected return. Under specified accounting conditions for measuring earnings and book value, book‐to‐price (B/P) indicates expected returns, providing justification for B/P in asset pricing models. However, the framework also points to earnings‐to‐price (E/P) as a risk characteristic. Indeed, E/P, rather than B/P, is the relevant characteristic when there is no expected earnings growth, but the weight shifts to B/P with growth. Using this framework we resolve a puzzle: in contrast to previous empirical research, we find that leverage is positively associated with future returns, as predicted by theory.
Recent advances and development in epidermal and dermal drug deposition enhancement technology
Authors: Iqbal Babar , Ali Javed , Baboota Sanjula 
Published: February 2018

AbstractSkin is the largest and easily accessible organ of the body. Increases in incidences of dermatological disorders, demand for drug targeting, and patient compliance have increased the popularity of topical drug delivery amongst the people. However, drug delivery across the skin is still a challenge for researchers because permeation of maximum drugs is hindered by the upper layer of the epidermis (stratum corneum). Several approaches like use of chemical permeation enhancers and physical methods such as sonophoresis, iontophoresis, electroporation, microneedles, etc., have been used to deliver the drugs topically. These methods of topical drug delivery have some limitations and drawbacks. Therefore new techniques based on nano drug delivery system such as ultradeformable liposomes, nanostructured lipid carriers, nanoemulsions, solid lipid nanoparticles, lipospheres, nanoparticles, and ethosomes have been exploited for enhancing epidermal and dermal drug deposition. Development of these nanosytems requires a good understanding of mechanism of drug permeation, physicochemical properties of drug and carriers, and technological advancements in methodology. Therefore, this article covers recent advances in epidermal and dermal drug deposition enhancement approaches, biopharmaceutical challenges with dermal drug delivery, issues in formulation development, and regulatory aspects of nanosystem. This review article also discusses the concern of topical drug delivery in immunization, gene delivery, and cosmeceuticals.
The in‐hospital burden of hidradenitis suppurativa in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a decade nationwide analysis from 2004 to 2014
Authors: Ramos‐Rodriguez Alvaro J. , Timerman Dmitriy , Khan Ali , Bonomo Lauren , Hunjan Manrup K. , Lemor Alejandro 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBackgroundHidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory disease that significantly affects the patient's quality of life. Multiple studies have shown a strong association between HS and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Our primary goal was to explore the in‐hospital burden of HS on patients with IBD. Our secondary goal was to establish unique baseline characteristics and comorbidities of IBD patients with HS.MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study using the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database for the years 2004 through 2014. All patients with ICD‐9 CM codes for any diagnosis of IBD and HS were included. The primary outcome was the medical and financial burden of HS on patients with IBD. Medical burden was measured by in‐hospital morbidity and mortality, and financial burden was measured by resource utilization.ResultsA total of 3,079,332 admissions with IBD were recorded, of which 4369 had a concomitant diagnosis of HS. IBD‐HS patients were significantly younger and mostly African‐American females; they were more likely to be smokers, obese, and have diabetes mellitus, depression, and anemia. There was no mortality difference between the IBD‐HS and IBD‐only groups; nevertheless, there was a higher likelihood of developing sepsis in the IBD‐HS cohort (4.9% vs. 2.6%; P < 0.001). Patients with IBD‐HS had an increased hospital length of stay (5 vs. 4 days; P < 0.001) and higher total hospitalization costs ($13,272 vs. $12,237; P = 0.013).ConclusionsThis large‐scale study strengthens the evidence that these two inflammatory conditions are truly associated and establishes their joint effect on overall morbidity, mortality, and resource utilization.
Biomarkers for evaluation of mast cell and basophil activation
Authors: Kabashima Kenji , Nakashima Chisa , Nonomura Yumi , Otsuka Atsushi , Cardamone Chiara , Parente Roberta , De Feo Giulia , Triggiani Massimo 
Published: February 2018

SummaryMast cells and basophils play a pathogenetic role in allergic, inflammatory, and autoimmune disorders. These cells have different development, anatomical location and life span but share many similarities in mechanisms of activation and type of mediators. Mediators secreted by mast cells and basophils correlate with clinical severity in asthma, chronic urticaria, anaphylaxis, and other diseases. Therefore, effective biomarkers to measure mast cell and basophil activation in vivo could potentially have high diagnostic and prognostic values. An ideal biomarker should be specific for mast cells or basophils, easily and reproducibly detectable in blood or biological fluids and should be metabolically stable. Markers of mast cell and basophil include molecules secreted by stimulated cells and surface molecules expressed upon activation. Some markers, such as histamine and lipid mediators are common to mast cells and basophils whereas others, such as tryptase and other proteases, are relatively specific for mast cells. The best surface markers of activation expressed on mast cells and basophils are CD63 and CD203. While these mediators and surface molecules have been associated to a variety of diseases, none of them fulfills requirements for an optimal biomarker and search for better indicators of mast cell/basophil activation in vivo is ongoing.
Extending time‐to‐target plots to multiple instances
Authors: Reyes Alberto , Ribeiro Celso C. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractTime‐to‐target plots (ttt‐plots) are a useful tool to characterize, evaluate, and compare the behavior of randomized heuristics for a given problem instance of some combinatorial optimization problem. Multiple time‐to‐target plots (mttt‐plots) are their natural extension to sets of multiple instances. We show how to build an mttt‐plot from the individual ttt‐plots of each instance in the set and we illustrate several case studies to illustrate the applicability and usefulness of the new tool.
Slow to heel: a literature review on the management of diabetic calcaneal ulceration
Authors: Khoo Rachel , Jansen Shirley 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe diabetic heel ulcer (DHU) represents a reconstructive challenge to clinicians and the multidisciplinary team alike. It is traditionally viewed as a condition that is inherently difficult to treat due to the intrinsic anatomical vulnerabilities of the heel. In addition to this, several factors are associated with poorer end outcomes – namely, that of major amputation. These include peripheral vascular disease, infection/osteomyelitis and the size of the ulcer itself. In light of the significant morbidity, economic burden and mortality seen in this cohort of patients, this review aims to explore current treatment modalities that have been undertaken. Literature in this field has mostly been confined to a handful of small case studies, some of which reflect novel, multimodal approaches, and promising results. Management with osteotomy, flap reconstruction and acellular dermal matrices, amongst other options, is covered within this review.
Relationship between serum adipsin and the first phase of glucose‐stimulated insulin secretion in individuals with different glucose tolerance
Authors: Zhou Qing , Ge Qian , Ding Yao , Qu Hua , Wei Huili , Wu Rui , Yao Lu , Wei Qianping , Feng Zhengping , Long Jian , Deng Huacong 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAims/IntroductionTo detect serum adipsin levels in individuals with different glucose tolerance, and investigate the relationship between adipsisn and the first phase of insulin secretion.Materials and MethodsA total of 56 patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus, 36 patients with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and 45 individuals with normal glucose tolerance were enrolled. Intravenous glucose tolerance tests were carried out to evaluate pancreatic β‐cell function. The serum levels of adipsin, interleukin‐1β and high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein were assayed.ResultsSerum adipsin levels were significantly lower in the type 2 diabetes mellitus and the IGT patients than those in the normal glucose tolerance group (P < 0.05). The acute insulin response and area under the curve showed a progressive decrease in the normal glucose tolerance and IGT groups, and decreased to the lowest levels in the type 2 diabetes mellitus group (P < 0.05). Adipsin was found to be negatively correlated with waist‐to‐hip ratio, free fatty acid, fasting plasma glucose, 2‐h postprandial plasma glucose, glycated hemoglobin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, interleukin‐1β and high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (P < 0.05 or P < 0.001), and positively correlated with homeostasis model assessment of β‐cell function, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, the area under the curve of the first phase insulin secretion and acute insulin response (P < 0.05 or P < 0.001). Stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that homeostasis model assessment for β‐cell function and acute insulin response were independently related to adipsin (P < 0.05).ConclusionsSerum adipsin levels were lower in type 2 diabetes mellitus and IGT patients, and correlated with the first phase of insulin secretion. Adipsin might be involved in the pathology of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Metabolic Clusters and Outcomes in Older Adults: The Cardiovascular Health Study
Authors: Mukamal Kenneth J. , Siscovick David S. , de Boer Ian H. , Ix Joachim H. , Kizer Jorge R. , Djoussé Luc , Fitzpatrick Annette L. , Tracy Russell P. , Boyko Edward J. , Kahn Steven E. , Arnold Alice M. 
Published: February 2018

Background/ObjectivesFew studies have the requisite phenotypic information to define metabolic patterns that may inform our understanding of the pathophysiology and consequences of diabetes in older adults. We sought to characterize clusters of older adults on the basis of shared metabolic features.DesignPopulation‐based prospective cohort study.SettingFour U.S. Cardiovascular Health Study field centers.ParticipantsIndividuals aged 65 and older taking no glucose‐lowering agents (N = 2,231).MeasurementsK‐means cluster analysis of 11 metabolic parameters (fasting and postload serum glucose and plasma insulin, fasting C‐peptide, body mass index, C‐reactive protein (CRP), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), albuminuria, carboxymethyl lysine (an advanced glycation end‐product), procollagen III N‐terminal propeptide (a fibrotic marker)) and their associations with incident cardiovascular disease, diabetes, disability, and mortality over 8 to 14.5 years of follow‐up and with measures of subclinical cardiovascular disease.ResultsA 6‐cluster solution provided robust differentiation into distinct, identifiable clusters. Cluster A (n = 739) had the lowest glucose and insulin and highest eGFR and the lowest rates of all outcomes. Cluster B (n = 419) had high glucose and insulin and intermediate rates of most outcomes. Cluster C (n = 118) had the highest insulin. Cluster D (n = 129) had the highest glucose with much lower insulin. Cluster E (n = 314) had the lowest eGFR and highest albuminuria. Cluster F (n = 512) had the highest CRP. Rates of CVD, mortality, and subclinical atherosclerosis were highest in clusters C, D, and E and were similar to rates in participants with treated diabetes. Incidence of disability was highest in Cluster C.ConclusionClustering according to metabolic parameters identifies distinct phenotypes that are strongly associated with clinical and functional outcomes, even at advanced age.