bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Christchurch City Council lifelines
Authors: Billings Ian , Charman Nicholas 
Published: September 2019

On 22 February 2011 an earthquake measuring 6.3 on the Richter Scale occurred in Christchurch City resulting in widespread damage to buildings and infrastructure.
Christchurch City Council (CCC) has an extensive potable water supply network including bulk storage and service reservoirs which provide water to approximately 320,000 residents. Inspections undertaken, following the 22 February earthquake, on 43 concrete reservoirs located on the Port Hills and Cashmere Hills areas noted varying extents of damage from nil through to major. Damaged roof to wall connections were observed in many reservoirs with damage to walls, base-slabs and internal columns limited to a few reservoirs only. Of the 43 reservoirs, complete functional failure occurred in only one, with reduced function and operation at other sites resulting from excessive leakage, necessity for emergency repairs, or associated pipe work damage. Those reservoirs currently out of operation for reinstatement, including Christchurch’s largest, account for approximately 40% of the network’s storage capacity.
Overall, given the magnitude of earthquake accelerations that occurred on 22 February 2011, the reservoirs are considered to have performed remarkably well. Those in the Port Hills area nearest the earthquake epicentre, have expectedly, incurred the most damage.
Reinstatement works, varying from minor crack injection and patch repair through to reconstruction and retrofit, have been developed appropriate to the extent of damage. CCC has prioritised reservoir repair to maximise available water supply for the 2011-2012 summer demand and this has required, in some instances, staging and deferring of reinstatement works.
A summary of structural and functional performance, results of physical investigations and detailed seismic assessments, and common damage areas observed are presented in this paper along with the reinstatement options developed.
The NIH Toolbox for cognitive surveillance in Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Authors: Thangarajh Mathula , Kaat Aaron J. , Bibat Genila , Mansour Jennifer , Summerton Katherine , Gioia Anthony , Berger Carly , Hardy Kristina K. , Wagner Kathryn R. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjectiveWe performed a prospective, cross‐sectional cognitive assessment in subjects with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) and their biological mothers.MethodsThirty subjects with out‐of‐frame mutations in the dystrophin (DMD) gene, and 25 biological mothers were evaluated using the National Institutes of Health Toolbox Cognition Battery (NIHTB‐CB). A parent completed the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Functioning (BRIEF), a standardized rating scale of executive functioning, for their child. Mothers completed self‐reports of BRIEF and Neuro Quality‐of‐Life (NeuroQoL) Cognitive Function.ResultsOverall, the subjects with DMD scored approximately one standard deviation (SD) below age‐corrected norms on the NIHTB‐CB Total Cognition score. They scored 1.5 SD below age‐corrected norms in Fluid Cognition, which evaluates the cognitive domains of executive function, working memory, episodic memory, attention, and processing speed. Their performance was consistent with age expectations (i.e., within 1 SD below age‐corrected norms) in Crystalized Cognition, which evaluates vocabulary and reading. Subjects with DMD had higher T‐scores in several domains of BRIEF, demonstrating greater difficulty in executive functioning. The biological mothers had overall average or above average T‐scores on NIHTB‐CB. Mothers who were carriers of DMD mutation performed lower overall compared to mothers who were not carriers of DMD mutation (Cohen’s d = −1.1). Carrier mothers performed lower than average (1.5 SD) in Executive Function, measured by Flanker Inhibitory Control and Attention. Biological mothers scored within expected score ranges for adults in BRIEF and NeuroQoL.InterpretationThe NIHTB‐CB, combined with standardized self‐reported measures, can be a sensitive screening tool for cognitive surveillance in DMD.
Collaborating to advance interdisciplinary care for individuals with arthrogryposis
Authors: Dahan‐Oliel Noémi , Hall Judith G. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis Special Issue on Interdisciplinary Care in Arthrogryposis highlights a collection of articles spanning topics in interdisciplinary care, genetic discoveries, and clinical research. An international group of clinicians and researchers from various backgrounds who attended the “3rd International Symposium on Arthrogryposis”, held in Philadelphia, September 24–26, 2018, were invited to contribute to this issue. The goal of the 2018 Symposium and of this Special Issue is to provide momentum to advancing evidence‐based practice and research in arthrogryposis, by working collaboratively with adults and families of children with arthrogryposis, clinicians, and researchers. The contents of this issue cover a range of topics from defining and classifying arthrogryposis multiplex congenita to early detection, rehabilitation, and orthopedic management, advances in genetic pathways, patient registries, autopsy guidelines, and research findings in the pediatric and adult populations with arthrogryposis. We hope that this issue provides an overview as well as new knowledge on arthrogryposis to generate more conversations at the international level, and advance care and research for individuals with arthrogryposis.
Regulating Nonclassical Pathways of Silicalite‐1 Crystallization through Controlled Evolution of Amorphous Precursors
Authors: Choudhary Madhuresh K. , Kumar Manjesh , Rimer Jeffrey D. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractDifferentiating mechanisms of zeolite crystallization is challenging owing to the vast number of species in growth solutions. The presence of amorphous colloidal particles is ubiquitous in many zeolite syntheses, and has led to extensive efforts to understand the driving force(s) for their self‐assembly and putative roles in processes of nucleation and growth. In this study, we use a combination of in situ scanning probe microscopy, particle dissolution measurements, and colloidal stability assays to elucidate the degree to which silica nanoparticles evolve in their structure during the early stages of silicalite‐1 synthesis. We show how changes in precursor structure are mediated by the presence of organics, and demonstrate how these changes lead to significant differences in precursor–crystal interactions that alter preferred modes of crystal growth. Our findings provide guidelines for selectively controlling silicalite‐1 growth by particle attachment or monomer addition, thus allowing for the manipulation of anisotropic rates of crystallization. In doing so, we also address a longstanding question regarding what factors are at our disposal to switch from a nonclassical to classical mechanism.
Effects of acid, alkaline, and seawater aging on the mechanical and thermomechanical properties of glass fiber/epoxy composites filled with carbon nanofibers
Authors: Kattaguri Rani , Fulmali Abhinav Omprakash , Prusty Rajesh Kumar , Ray Bankim Chandra 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTOwing to the superior corrosion resistance, fiber‐reinforced polymer (FRP) composites are the prime choice of structural materials for various marine and chemical industries, where there is a long‐term direct contact of the components takes place with corrosive fluids. In this present work, glass fiber/epoxy (GE) composites have been fabricated with and without carbon nanofibers (CNFs), and aging has been carried out in acidic (pH = 1), seawater (pH = 8.2), and alkaline (pH = 13) solutions for 150 days. The resistance of CNF‐filled GE composites toward the corrosive fluids has been evaluated in terms of alteration in the mechanical (flexural), microstructural (fractography analysis by field emission scanning electron microscope), and thermomechanical (dynamic mechanical analysis) behavior of the materials. It is revealed that as the immersion time increases, there is a continuous decrement in flexural strength and modulus, and glass‐transition temperature (Tg) of all the materials in all these solutions. Compared to the 1% CNF‐filled GE composite, control GE composite showed more degradation in the case of alkaline aging and seawater aging. Maximum reduction (56%) in the strength of GE composite was observed due to 150 days of alkaline aging. However, the control GE composite showed better resistance to the acidic solution than that of CNF‐filled GE composite. Possible failure modes, changes in the chemistry of the material due to aging have been studied by fractography analysis. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48434.
Degradation studies of a commercial radiation‐resistant polypropylene sterilized by gamma and electron beam technology before and after subsequent accelerated aging cycles
Authors: Kremser Thomas , Susoff Markus , Roth Stefan , Kaschta Joachim , Schubert Dirk W. 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTIrradiation is one of the most widely used technologies for sterilization of medical products. Unfortunately, some polymers in the medical field are susceptible to high‐energy radiation. In the case of polypropylene, this leads to yellowing and embrittlement due to degradation mechanisms. This study compares the impact of gamma and eBeam sterilizations at a dose of 45 kGy on a commercially available, radiation‐resistant polypropylene in combination with accelerated aging studies. Mechanical behavior as well as yellowing, accompanied by structural investigations like molar mass characterization and crystallinity analysis, have been investigated. It is shown that eBeam has less damaging effects compared with gamma irradiation. This is shown by an initial drop in elongation at break by 46% for gamma irradiated samples in contrast to 24% decrease using eBeam irradiation. Also, an initial drop in molar mass by 43% was found for gamma irradiated samples and by 27% for eBeam. Change in color was observed by an initial increase in the yellowness index of 42% at samples after gamma irradiation, respectively, of 22% for eBeam irradiated samples. Interestingly, molar mass remained constant during aging, whereas yellowing and Embrittlement further change. Additionally, empirical equations were found, which describe the experimental data. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48436.
Characterizing cleft palate toxicants using ToxCast data, chemical structure, and the biomedical literature
Authors: Baker Nancy C. , Sipes Nisha S. , Franzosa Jill , Belair David G. , Abbott Barbara D. , Judson Richard S. , Knudsen Thomas B. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractCleft palate has been linked to both genetic and environmental factors that perturb key events during palatal morphogenesis. As a developmental outcome, it presents a challenging, mechanistically complex endpoint for predictive modeling. A data set of 500 chemicals evaluated for their ability to induce cleft palate in animal prenatal developmental studies was compiled from Toxicity Reference Database and the biomedical literature, which included 63 cleft palate active and 437 inactive chemicals. To characterize the potential molecular targets for chemical‐induced cleft palate, we mined the ToxCast high‐throughput screening database for patterns and linkages in bioactivity profiles and chemical structural descriptors. ToxCast assay results were filtered for cytotoxicity and grouped by target gene activity to produce a “gene score.” Following unsuccessful attempts to derive a global prediction model using structural and gene score descriptors, hierarchical clustering was applied to the set of 63 cleft palate positives to extract local structure‐bioactivity clusters for follow‐up study. Patterns of enrichment were confirmed on the complete data set, that is, including cleft palate inactives, and putative molecular initiating events identified. The clusters corresponded to ToxCast assays for cytochrome P450s, G‐protein coupled receptors, retinoic acid receptors, the glucocorticoid receptor, and tyrosine kinases/phosphatases. These patterns and linkages were organized into preliminary decision trees and the resulting inferences were mapped to a putative adverse outcome pathway framework for cleft palate supported by literature evidence of current mechanistic understanding. This general data‐driven approach offers a promising avenue for mining chemical‐bioassay drivers of complex developmental endpoints where data are often limited.
Visuohaptic experiments: Exploring the effects of visual and haptic feedback on students’ learning of friction concepts
Authors: Yuksel Tugba , Walsh Yoselyn , Magana Alejandra J. , Nova Nestor , Krs Vojtech , Ngambeki Ida , Berger Edward J. , Benes Bedrich 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn this study, we analyzed students’ reasoning and explanations of friction concepts before and after engaging in guided experimentation with visuohaptic (VH) simulations. The VH experimentation included two affordances: visual cues and haptic feedback. Specifically, we analyzed the outcomes of two treatment groups with different sequences of affordance introduction. The first treatment group started with visual cues, with haptic feedback added later, while the second treatment group started with haptic feedback and added the visual cues later. We recruited 48 students who had previously taken at least one physics course. Participants completed a pre‐ and posttest assessment, which included both procedural and conceptual questions about friction before and after the guided experimentation task. The results show that the participants from both treatment groups benefited from using VH simulations. Both treatment groups showed statistically significant pre/post improvements in their understanding of friction. Moreover, both treatment groups showed a statistically significant increase in the conceptual understanding of friction concepts from pretest to posttest with moderate to strong effect sizes. Implications for laboratory instruction are also discussed.
Meet the Women of Catalysis
Authors: de Jongh Petra E. , Fogg Deryn E. , Wu Li‐Zhu , González‐Gallardo Sandra 
Published: September 2019

AbstractChemCatChem celebrates the achievements of female‐led research groups in the field of catalysis. With this initiative, we seek to highlight the breadth and depth of the best research developed by women, and to increase its visibility in the wider catalysis community. Women of Catalysis offers a resource to aid in improving the representation of female scientific talent on invited speaker lists, conference and editorial boards, and as leaders in research consortia.
Gold Plasmon‐Enhanced Solar Hydrogen Production over SrTiO3/TiO2 Heterostructures
Authors: Han Shitong , Yu Lisha , Zhang Hongwen , Chu Zhengwei , Chen Xiaofeng , Xi Hailing , Long Jinlin 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis work demonstrated that 75 fold‐enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen production over SrTiO3/TiO2 heterostructures by Au plasmon‐enhanced electron‐phonon decoupling to generate more amounts of energetic electrons for solar water splitting. Such Au modified SrTiO3/TiO2 heterostructures were synthesized by a facile hydrothermal post‐photoreduction method, consequently the hydrogen evolution rate is 467.3 μmol g−1 h−1, which is 187 and 75 folds enhancement compared with TiO2 and SrTiO3/TiO2 samples, respectively. Based on systematic investigations, it is proposed that the internal electric field (IEF) between the interfaces of SrTiO3/TiO2 and the enhanced near‐field amplitudes of localized surface plasmon (LSP) inhibit the recombination of photogenerated electrons and holes in the bulk and accelerate the interfacial transfer of charge carriers. Simultaneously, electron spin resonance (ESR) showed the change of Ti3+ species in SrTiO3/TiO2 microspheres, mirroring the energetic electron transfer process from Au NPs to SrTiO3/TiO2 microspheres.
Order from Chaos: Self‐Assembly of Nanoprism from a Mixture of Tetratopic Terpyridine‐Porphyrin Conformers
Authors: Filosa Alexander , Wang Heng , Li Wei‐Jian , Zhang Wenjing , Ngo Ellie , Piccolo Jonathan E. , Yang Hai‐Bo , Li Xiaopeng 
Published: August 2019

Summary of main observation and conclusionPorphyrins have been widely used in the self‐assembly of metallo‐supramolecules. In this study, we introduced 2,2':6,2"‐terpyridine (tpy) into a porphyrin core to synthesize a tetratopic building block with multiple conformers. During the self‐assembly with Zn(II), such a mixture of conformers was able to form a discrete nanoprism with all building blocks in one conformation. Detailed characterizations, including NMR, ESI‐MS and traveling‐wave ion mobility‐mass spectrometry (TWIM‐MS), all supported the formation of the desired assemblies. AFM and TEM further confirmed the dimensions of assembled nanoprisms. Moreover, the photophysical properties of the ligands and complexes were noticeably different depending upon size and metal ion center.
Ploidy‐ and Purity‐Adjusted Allele‐Specific DNA Analysis Using CLONETv2
Authors: Prandi Davide , Demichelis Francesca 
Published: September 2019

AbstractHigh‐throughput DNA sequencing technology provides base‐level and statistically rich information about the genomic content of a sample. In the contexts of cancer research and precision oncology, thousands of genomes from paired tumor and matched normal samples are profiled and processed to determine somatic copy‐number changes and single‐nucleotide variations. Higher‐order informative analyses, in the form of allele‐specific copy‐number assessments or subclonality quantification, require reliable estimates of tumor DNA ploidy and tumor cellularity. CLONETv2 provides a complete set of functions to process matched normal and tumor pairs using patient‐specific genotype data, is independent of low‐level tools (e.g., aligner, segmentation algorithm, mutation caller) and offers high‐level functions to compute allele‐specific copy number from segmented data and to identify subclonal population in the input sample. CLONETv2 is applicable to whole‐genome, whole‐exome and targeted sequencing data generated either from tissue or from liquid biopsy samples. © 2019 The Authors.
Culturing and Mating of Aspergillus fumigatus
Authors: Ashton George D. , Dyer Paul S. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAspergillus fumigatus is an opportunistic human fungal pathogen, capable of causing invasive aspergillosis in patients with compromised immune systems. The fungus was long considered a purely asexual organism. However, a sexual cycle was reported in 2009, with methods described to induce mating under laboratory conditions. The presence of a sexual cycle now offers a valuable tool for classical genetic analysis of the fungus, such as allowing determination of whether traits of interest are mono‐ or poly‐genic in nature. For example, the sexual cycle is currently being exploited to determine the genetic basis of traits of medical importance such as resistance to azole antifungals and virulence, and to characterize the genes involved. The sexual cycle can also be used to assess the possibility of gene flow between isolates. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.This unit describes protocols for culturing of A. fumigatus and for inducing sexual reproduction between compatible MAT1‐1 and MAT1‐2 isolates of the species. The unit also provides working methods for harvesting sexual structures, isolating single‐spore progeny and confirming whether sexual recombination has occurred. © The Authors. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Sedimentation in a synclinal shallow‐marine embayment: Coniacian of the North Sudetic Synclinorium, SW Poland
Authors: Leszczyński Stanisław , Nemec Wojciech 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis study is a reconstruction of the Coniacian palaeogeographic and palaeoenvironmental development in the North Sudetic Basin, a synclinal trough within the Late Cretaceous Central European seaway linking the Boreal and Tethyan marine provinces. The basin formed as an early side effect of the Alpine orogeny combined with the mid‐Cretaceous eustasy, and crucial stages of its evolution occurred during the Coniacian. The basin in the early Coniacian was a long and narrow shallow‐marine embayment with a hypothetical (non‐preserved) bayhead strait funnelling tidal currents. Coalescing tidal sand ridges formed a littoral platform that prograded from the bayhead zone along the basin axis, impinged on laterally by the basin‐margin shoreface and local river deltas. A mid‐Coniacian forced marine regression and closure of the bayhead strait, attributed to the Alpine tectonism combined with eustasy, brought about a dramatic change in the basin, whereby the basin‐wide littoral sand platform emerged and turned briefly into a denudated coastal plain. The late Coniacian eustatic marine transgression formed an in‐place growing coastal sand barrier at the outer edge of the former littoral platform, sheltering a paralic limno‐lagoonal plain with peat‐forming mires. The coastal barrier was eventually drowned by the sea and maximum marine flooding occurred, followed by a normal regression recorded as a rapidly upwards‐shallowing succession of offshore‐transition to fluvio‐deltaic deposits. This case study of the sedimentation pattern in an evolving, tectonically controlled marine embayment contributes to the existing facies models for estuarine embayments formed by a passive marine drowning of large fluvial or glacial valleys.
Circulating dipeptidyl peptidase 3 and alteration in haemodynamics in cardiogenic shock: results from the OptimaCC trial
Authors: Takagi Koji , Blet Alice , Levy Bruno , Deniau Benjamin , Azibani Feriel , Feliot Elodie , Bergmann Andreas , Santos Karine , Hartmann Oliver , Gayat Etienne , Mebazaa Alexandre , Kimmoun Antoine 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAimsDipeptidyl peptidase 3 (DPP3) is a protease involved in the degradation of cardiovascular mediators. Its administration has been shown to be associated with impaired cardiac contraction and kidney haemodynamics while its inhibition restored cardiac contraction in a pre‐clinical model of severe heart failure in mice. Circulating DPP3 (cDPP3) was found to be elevated in shock. The present study aims to assess the association between cDPP3 and worsening haemodynamics, namely refractory shock, in a cohort of cardiogenic shock (CS).Methods and resultsThis is an ancillary study of OptimaCC, a prospective, double‐blind, multicentre, randomized study assessing efficacy and safety of catecholamines in 57 patients with CS after acute myocardial infarction. cDPP3 was measured in plasma at inclusion, 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h, and haemodynamic and biological parameters were recorded at inclusion. cDPP3 values were higher in refractory CS than non‐refractory CS at inclusion (median [interquartile range]; 76.1 [37.9–238.7] ng/mL vs. 32.8 [23.9–47.6] ng/mL, P = 0.014), at 24 h (P < 0.001) and up to 48 h (P = 0.027). Furthermore, cDPP3 at inclusion discriminated CS patients who did develop refractory shock vs. non‐refractory with an area under the curve of 0.73 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.55–0.92). The high cDPP3 group (cDPP3 ≥59.1 ng/mL) at inclusion had a higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II (SAPS II), lower cardiac index and lower estimated glomerular filtration rate. More importantly, in CS patients with high cDPP3 at inclusion, those who rapidly decreased cDPP3 at 24 h exhibited a striking reduction in the occurrence of refractory shock and death.ConclusionIn CS patients, cDPP3 gives an early prediction of outcome, including development of refractory status and/or survival.Clinical Trial Registration:
clinicaltrials.gov Identifier NCT01367743