bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hybrid Sterility in Fish Caused by Mitotic Arrest of Primordial Germ Cells
Authors: Yoshikawa Hiroyuki , Xu Dongdong , Ino Yasuko , Yoshino Tasuku , Hayashida Takao , Wang Junjie , Yazawa Ryosuke , Yoshizaki Goro , Takeuchi Yutaka 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Sterility in hybrid animals is widely known to be due to a cytological mechanism of aberrant homologous chromosome pairing during meiosis in hybrid germ cells. In this study, the gametes of four marine fish species belonging to the Sciaenid family were artificially fertilized, and germ cell development was examined at the cellular and molecular levels. One of the intergeneric hybrids had gonads that were testis-like in structure, small in size, and lacked germ cells. Specification of primordial germ cells (PGCs) and their migration toward genital ridges occurred normally in hybrid embryos, but these PGCs did not proliferate in the hybrid gonads. By germ cell transplantation assay, we showed that the gonadal microenvironment in hybrid recipients produced functional donor-derived gametes, suggesting that the germ cell-less phenotype was caused by cell autonomous proliferative defects of hybrid PGCs. This is the first evidence of mitotic arrest of germ cells causing hybrid sterility in animals.
Contraception for Adolescents and Young Adults in the Inpatient Setting: The Providers’ Perspective
Authors: Goldstein Rachel L. , Carlson Jennifer L. , Halpern-Felsher Bonnie 
Published: April 2018

OBJECTIVES:
To assess pediatric providers’ attitudes and barriers to initiating a contraceptive method in the inpatient setting.

METHODS:
Pediatric attending physicians and trainees from 5 academic institutions were surveyed about contraceptive prescribing practices, attitudes, and potential barriers to initiating contraception in the inpatient setting.

RESULTS:
In 2016, 271 pediatric providers (34.0% were attending physicians, 18.1% fellows, and 47.9% residents) completed the survey; the response rate was 19.2%. Most participants practiced in both inpatient and outpatient settings (95.7% and 85.0%, respectively). More providers felt confident screening for sexual activity among young adults as compared with adolescents (71.9% vs 65.6%). The same was true for discussing contraceptive options (44.0% vs 38.8%, respectively). Inpatient providers reported seeing adolescents and young adults privately, discussing confidentiality, and asking about sex less than half of the time. More than 80% of providers agreed that it would be appropriate to initiate a contraceptive method for inpatients; 35.8% had done so, and 85.2% indicated that having additional consultation would increase initiation of a contraceptive method in the hospital (88.1% felt similarly for long-active reversible contraception methods). General barriers to initiating contraception included insufficient training, insufficient exposure to adolescents and young adults to maintain skills, and lack of time. Barriers specific to the inpatient setting included concerns about follow-up, confidentiality, and interference with the treatment plan.

CONCLUSIONS:
Initiation of a contraceptive method in the inpatient setting is acceptable to providers. In our findings, it is suggested that strategies are needed to enhance provision of these services by addressing confidentiality concerns and educating providers.
Focused Training for the Handover of Critical Patient Information During Simulated Pediatric Emergencies
Authors: Lautz Andrew J. , Martin Kelly C. , Nishisaki Akira , Bonafide Christopher P. , Hales Roberta L. , Hunt Elizabeth A. , Nadkarni Vinay M. , Sutton Robert M. , Boyer Donald L. 
Published: April 2018

OBJECTIVES:
Miscommunication has been implicated as a leading cause of medical errors, and standardized handover programs have been associated with improved patient outcomes. However, the role of structured handovers in pediatric emergencies remains unclear. We sought to determine if training with an airway, breathing, circulation, situation, background, assessment, recommendation handover tool could improve the transmission of essential patient information during multidisciplinary simulations of critically ill children.

METHODS:
We conducted a prospective, randomized, intervention study with first-year pediatric residents at a quaternary academic children’s hospital. Baseline and second handovers were recorded for residents in the intervention group (n = 12) and residents in the control group (n = 8) during multidisciplinary simulations throughout the academic year. The intervention group received handover education after baseline handover observation and a cognitive aid before second handover observation. Audio-recorded handovers were scored by using a Delphi-developed assessment tool by a blinded rater.

RESULTS:
There was no difference in baseline handover scores between groups (P = .69), but second handover scores were significantly higher in the intervention group (median 12.5 [interquartile range 12–13] versus median 7.5 [interquartile range 6–8] in the control group; P &lt; .01). Trained residents were more likely to include a reason for the call (P &lt; .01), focused history (P = .02), and summative assessment (P = .03). Neither timing of the second observation in the academic year nor duration between first and second observation were associated with the second handover scores (both P &gt; .5).

CONCLUSIONS:
Structured handover training and provision of a cognitive aid may improve the inclusion of essential patient information in the handover of simulated critically ill children.
Stakeholder Perspectives on Research and Practice in Autism and Transition
Authors: Kuo Alice A. , Crapnell Tara , Lau Lynette , Anderson Kristy A. , Shattuck Paul 
Published: April 2018

OBJECTIVES:Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are reported to experience significant challenges during the transition to adulthood. Although recent evidence indicates that individuals with ASD experience poor outcomes in adulthood, little is understood about the contributing factors. In this qualitative study, we investigated the barriers to and needs in research and practice in the transition to adulthood among individuals with ASD.METHODS:Thirteen researchers, including service providers, family members, and an individual with ASD participated in 30- to 60-minute, semistructured, open-ended telephone interviews. Interviews were transcribed, and data were analyzed by using an inductive approach to identify themes related to barriers to and needs in the transition to adulthood for youth with ASD.RESULTS:Stakeholders identified the need for transition planning and preparation to begin earlier and for systems to better accommodate the interests and varying abilities of individuals with ASD. Stakeholders also felt that parent and service provider expectations and perceptions influence early opportunities and experiences offered throughout the transition process.CONCLUSIONS:This study reveals the multilevel barriers to and needs in the transition to adulthood and the need for interagency and multidisciplinary collaboration and research to address the varying levels of needs, abilities, and multisector challenges.
Psychiatric and Medical Conditions in Transition-Aged Individuals With ASD
Authors: Davignon Meghan N. , Qian Yinge , Massolo Maria , Croen Lisa A. 
Published: April 2018

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have a variety of medical and psychiatric conditions and an increased use of health care services. There is limited information about the prevalence of psychiatric and medical conditions in adolescents and young adults with ASD. Our objective was to describe the frequency of medical and psychiatric conditions in a large population of diverse, insured transition-aged individuals with ASD.

METHODS:
Participants included Kaiser Permanente Northern California members who were enrolled from 2013 to 2015 and who were 14 to 25 years old. Individuals with ASD (n = 4123) were compared with peers with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (n = 20 615), diabetes mellitus (n = 2156), and typical controls with neither condition (n = 20 615).

RESULTS:
Over one-third (34%) of individuals with ASD had a co-occurring psychiatric condition; the most commonly reported medical conditions included infections (42%), obesity (25%), neurologic conditions (18%), allergy and/or immunologic conditions (16%), musculoskeletal conditions (15%), and gastrointestinal (11%) conditions. After controlling for sex, age, race, and duration of Kaiser Permanente Northern California membership, most psychiatric conditions were significantly more common in the ASD group than in each comparison group, and most medical conditions were significantly more common in the ASD group than in the attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and typical control groups but were similar to or significantly less common than the diabetes mellitus group.

CONCLUSIONS:
Although more research is needed to identify factors contributing to this excess burden of disease, there is a pressing need for all clinicians to approach ASD as a chronic health condition requiring regular follow-up and routine screening and treatment of medical and psychiatric issues.
Kant on Free Will and Theoretical Rationality
Authors: Wolt Daniel 
Published: April 2018

The focus of this essay is Kant’s argument in the Groundwork for the Metaphysics of Morals (GMS) III that regarding oneself as rational implies regarding oneself as free. After setting out an interpretation of how the argument is meant to go (§§1-2), I argue that Kant fails to show that regarding oneself as free is incompatible with accepting universal causal determinism (§3). However, I argue that the argument succeeds in showing that regarding oneself as rational is inconsistent with accepting universal causal determinism if one accepts a certain, plausible view of the explanation of events (§4).
KERUGIAN SUMBER DAYA IKAN AKIBAT PRAKTIK MARK DOWN KAPAL PENANGKAP IKAN DI INDONESIA
Authors: Firdaus Maulana , Dewitasari Yesi , Pramoda Radityo , Koeshendrajana Sonny 
Published: April 2018

Dampak praktik Illegal Unreported and Unregulated Fishing (IUUF) telah mengakibatkan terganggunya pengelolaan pemanfaatan perikanan yang berkelanjutan dan menimbulkan kerugian ekonomi. Praktik mark down ukuran kapal penangkapan ikan merupakan salah satu penyalahgunaan perizinan dalam konteks praktik IUUF. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji nilai kerugian sumber daya ikan (deplesi sumber daya) akibat praktik “mark down” ukuran kapal penangkap ikan yang dilakukan di Indonesia. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret – April 2017 bersifat ‘desk study’ dan dilengkapi dengan kajian literature terkait. Data sekunder dan primer digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Analisis data dilakukan melalui Pendekatan Surplus Produksi Model Schaefer digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Nilai kerugian sumber daya ikan diketahui berdasarkan nilai deplesinya. Nilai deplesi sumber daya menggunakan pendekatan The Net Price Method. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa adanya praktik “mark down” telah menyebabkan deplesi sumber daya ikan atau pengurangan aset sumber daya ikan di perairan Indonesia. Besarnya nilai deplesi sumber daya pada tahun 2015 mencapai 9,83 trilyun rupiah dan diprediksi pada tahun 2020 meningkat menjadi 14,55 trilyun rupiah. Kajian merekomendasikan perlunya percepatan pengukuran ulang kapal perikanan dan penerapan sangsi yang tegas terhadap pelanggar sehingga tata kelola pemanfaatan sumber daya perikanan tangkap yang baik yang mampu mewujudkan pengelolaan perikanan yang berkelanjutan di Indonesia. Tittle: Fish Resources Losses Due to Mark Down Fishing Vessel Practiced in IndonesiaThe impact of IUU fishing has resulted in management disorder of sustainable fisheries and it caused economic loss. Markdown in vessels size is one type of manipulation practices of license in IUU fishing. This study aims to analyze the loss value of fish resources (resource depletion) due to the “markdown” practices in Indonesia. The study was basically a desk study completmenting with relevant literatures review during March – April 2015. Primary and secondary data were used in this study. Data were analyzed using the Schaefer surplus production model approached. Loss value of fish resources was estimated in terms of depletion resource value using the Net Price Method. The research found that “mark down” has led to depletion or reduction of fish resources in Indonesian waters. The estimated value of resource depletion in 2015 reached 9.83 trillion rupiahs and it is predicted to rise into 14.55 trillion rupiahs in 2020. The research suggests the need to accelerate the process of re-measuring the size of fishing vessel as well as to impose sanctions for the disobedience of the rules, so that Indonesia could have a good governance in fisheries resource management with sustainable fisheries resources.
Arıcılarda Arı Ürünlerine Maruziyet ile Alerji, İnflamasyon ve Enfeksiyon İlişkili Durumların Araştırılması
Authors: Nazik Hülya , Turhan Münire , Koca Tuba Tülay , Mülayim Mehmet Kamil , Öztürk Perihan , Nazik Selçuk 
Published: April 2018

Giriş:
Arıcılık bazı gelişmekte olan ülkelerde, tarım alanında önemli bir istihdam
şekli olarak bilinir. Arıcılık ve bal üretimi Türkiye'de gelir
sağlama veya hobi olarak yapılmaktadır. Bal arıları, bal, arı sütü, propolis,
arı zehiri, arı poleni ve balmumu üretirler. Allerjik, enflamatuar ve
infeksiyöz hastalıkların her üçü de immünite ile ilgilidir. Allerji, çoğu
kişinin kolaylıkla kabul edeceği bir alerjene karşı aşırı ve anormal immün
yanıttır. Enflamasyon, canlı dokunun içsel veya dışsal hasara karşı dokuyu
korumak veya iyileştirmek amacıyla verdiği yanıttır. Arı ürünlerinin antimikrobiyal,
anti-enflamatuar, immunmodülatör, nöromodülatör, metabolik sendrom önleyici ve
anti-aging özelliği gösterilmiştir. Bu
çalışmada arı zehrine daha sık maruz kalan ve arı ürünlerine daha kolay ulaşan
arıcılarda alerji, enflamatuar hastalık ve infeksiyon ilişkili durumların
araştırılması amaçlanmıştır.Yöntem:
Çalışmaya ülkemizin Doğu Anadolu Bölgesi’nde, Bingöl İli Arı Yetiştiricileri
Birliği’ne üye olan toplam 50 arıcı dahil edildi. Katılımcıların demografik
özellikleri, arı ve ürünlerine maruz kalma-tüketme sıklığı ve miktarı
sorgulandı. Araştırmacılar tarafından literatür eşliğinde alerji, enflamatuar
hastalık ve infeksiyon ilişkili parametrelerin sorgulandığı anket formu
hazırlandı. Her iki anket formu yüz yüze görüşme yöntemi kullanılarak
dolduruldu.Bulgular:
Çalışmaya dahil edilen arıcıların yaş ortalaması 47,84±11 (min:27-max:78)
idi. Katılımcıların %94’ü (n=47) erkek,
%6’sı (n=3) kadın idi. Katılımcıların hiçbiri obez değildi. Bilinen sistemik
hastalık varlığı sorgulandığında %4’ünde (n=2) tiroid patolojisi, %6’sında
(n=3) diyabet ve %12’sinde (n=6) hipertansiyon olduğu tespit edildi. Olguların
tamamının düzenli olarak süzme veya petekli bal, %88’inin polen, %50’sinin
propolis, %50’sinin arı sütü tükettiği öğrenildi. Arıcıların tamamının en az
ayda bir kez arı sokmasına maruz kalmaktadır. Ayrıca arıcıların %34’ünün kendini bile isteye arıya sokturduğu
öğrenildi.Sonuç:
Arıcılık bir kapalı mekan aktivitesi olmaması,
fiziksel hareketliliği gerektirmesi, batı tipi yaşam tarzına uzak olma
ve doğa ile iç içe yaşama olanağı sunduğu için sağlığa olumlu katkıları
olduğunu düşünmekteyiz. Arıcıların bal dışındaki arı ürünlerine daha kolay
ulaşmaları ve daha fazla tüketmelerinin alerjik, romatolojik ve enfeksiyöz
hastalıklardan korunma ve sağlığın geliştirilmesinde etkili olabileceği
sonucuna varıldı.
Bullying y la violencia contra los adolescentes en la familia y su impacto en la agresión en la escuela: caso de estudio de las preparatorias técnicas en Nuevo León, México
Authors: González Amaya Claudia Elizabeth , Acharya Arun Kumar , Infante Bonfiglio José María 
Published: April 2018

Diferentes tipos de violencia en la familia dan lugar a conductas agresivas entre los adolescentes y éstas suelen verse reflejadas en su comportamiento en las escuelas. El presente artículo investiga estos tipos de violencia y examina los factores familiares que originan que los adolescentes reaccionen con comportamientos violentos en su centro escolar. Para analizar este fenómeno se entrevistaron a 210 alumnas de tres preparatorias técnicas ubicadas en el Estado de Nuevo León, México en el período comprendido de Enero a Junio de 2016. Resultados señala que; la estructura familiar actualmente atraviesa por un importante periodo de crisis y cada vez son más los casos de familias las cuales se distinguen por ser disfuncionales e inseguras y esta situación atenta con destruir lo que en teoría debería ser un entorno familiar, sin embargo cabe señalar que la familia constituye un componente de vital importancia para las sociedades civilizadas. De hecho, podríamos asumir que en un breve periodo de tiempo hemos pasado de una tradicional familia unida, a una en la cual los integrantes son más independientes, desde temprana edad, y de esta manera caen en el consumo de alcohol y/o drogas afectando además su rendimiento académico
Stretching Out Life, Maintaining the Body: Part I - Vayas in Medical Literature
Authors: Barois Christèle 
Published: April 2018

The representation of the process of human life is at the heart of questions about longevity, rejuvenation practices and possibly those which aim at immortality. The key term for “age” in medieval India is vayas, which means “vigour”, “youth” or even “any period of life”, that is to say exactly the same meaning as ours (duration of life). As a criterion for the examination of the patient, vayas is invariably divided into three periods: childhood, intermediate age and old age, precisely defined in the ayurvedic saṃhitās. It seems that vayas might be a relevant gateway to the cross-disciplinary understandings of age in medieval India, and therefore to the conditions of its (relative) mastery.
Un vestigio de formación de ciudadanía en el siglo XIX: el manual del ciudadano de Santiago Pérez
Authors: Izaquita Julio 
Published: April 2018

Al rastrear la historia de la ciudadanía en el siglo XIX colombiano, aparecen varias producciones de manuales escolares destinados a la formación ciudadana, entre ellos el Manual del ciudadano de Santiago Pérez. Publicado originalmente por entregas en el periódico La Escuela Normal (1872-73), y en un estilo aforístico, busca explicar a sus lectores los contenidos y alcances de la Constitución de Rionegro, sus instituciones, sus principios, el sentido de sus normas y su relación con el ejercicio de los derechos y deberes del ciudadano
Comparison Between Removable and Fixed Orthodontic Retainers
Authors: Goenharto Sianiwati , Rusdiana Elly , Khairyyah Ida Nurul 
Published: April 2018

Background: There are two kinds of retainers: removable retainer and fixed retainer. Removable retainer is an orthodontic retainer which can be inserted and removed by the patient, whereas fixed retainer is bonded permanently on teeth, it cannot be removed by the patient. It is important to know which retainer that most effective based on the existing case. Purpose: To identify the comparison between removable and fixed retainers in orthodontic treatment. Review: Hawley retainer, Beggs retainer, clip on retainer, Kesling’stooth positioners and invisible retainer are removable retainers whereas fixed retainers include banded retainer, bonded retainer and band & spur type retainer. Comparison between removable and fix retainer can be evaluated from several aspects such as: cost, aesthetics, fabrication process, durability, occlusion, hygiene and convenience of use. Conclusion: Whether removable or fixed retainers can be effectively used to prevent relapse post orthodontic treatment depending onthe existing case.
Experimental investigation into techniques to predict leak shapes in water distribution systems using vibration measurements
Authors: Butterfield Joseph D. , Meyers Gregory , Meruane Viviana , Collins Richard P. , Beck Stephen B. M. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Water loss from leaking pipes represents a substantial loss of revenue as well as environmental and public health concerns. Leak location is normally identified by placing sensors either side of the leak and recording and analysing the leak noise. The leak noise contains information about the leak's characteristics, including its shape. Whilst a tool which non-invasively provides information about a leak's shape from the leak noise would be useful for water industry practitioners, no tool currently exists. This study evaluates the effect of various leak shapes on the vibration signal and presents a unique methodology for predicting the leak shape from the vibration signal. An innovative signal processing technique which utilises the machine learning method random forest classifiers is used in combination with a number of signal features in order to develop a leak shape prediction algorithm. The results demonstrate a robust methodology for predicting leak shape at several leak flow rates within several backfill types, providing a useful tool for water companies to assess leak repair based on leak shape.
MESTRADO PROFISSIONAL EM EDUCAÇÃO: A CONSTITUIÇÃO DO PROFESSOR/PESQUISADOR E O RETORNO PARA A ESCOLA
Authors: Nogueira Eliane Davanço , Neres Celi Corrêa , Brito Vilma Miranda 
Published: April 2018

O mestrado profissional em educação tem se apresentado como um importante espaço de formação de docentes da educação básica, já que se pretende nessa modalidade, por meio da imersão na pesquisa, formar um professor/pesquisador. Vislumbra-se, no âmbito de um mestrado dessa natureza, que o professor/pós-graduando/pesquisador possa desenvolver pesquisa focalizada nas situações reais, na sala de aula, nos diversos espaços educativos e, portanto, tem condições de ser protagonista de sua formação e transformação profissional. Nesse sentido, este artigo tem o objetivo de tecer reflexões sobre o percurso formativo dos docentes da educação básica na modalidade mestrado profissional e os possíveis impactos dessa formação para os profissionais e para a escola. Para tanto, buscou-se, por meio de abordagem qualitativa, apreender, por meio de narrativas dos egressos, os percursos, os sentidos e as possíveis contribuições dessa formação, no nível pessoal e profissional e, consequentemente, para a educação básica. As narrativas mostraram que a prática profissional foi transformada pela pesquisa realizada, os egressos destacaram a importância da relação direta entre a pesquisa e a realidade profissional, no entanto, o impacto pretendido pela aplicação dos projetos de intervenção ainda é algo a ser conquistado, o que revela necessidade de criar políticas para esse fim.
INFLUENCE OF FORMULATION FACTORS ON THE SIZE OF NANOSTRUCTURED LIPID CARRIERS AND NANOEMULSIONS PREPARED BY HIGH SHEAR HOMOGENIZATION
Authors: Gardouh Ahmed R. , Faheim Samar H. , Noah Ahmed T. , Ghorab Mamdouh M. 
Published: April 2018

Objective: The main purpose of this work was to elucidate the effect of certain formulation factors on the size of nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) and nanoemulsions (NEs) by using high shear homogenization method.Methods: NLCs and NEs were prepared by high shear homogenization method using different liquid lipids types such as (Dermarol DCO® and Dermarol CCT®) at different concentrations. The effect of different concentration ratios of Tween 80 to Span 20 (2.5/1, 5/1, 10/1, 15/1) w/w % and different homogenization speeds (12 000, 18 000 rpm) on the resulted particle size were also studied.Results: The results revealed that the optimum NLCs and NEs resulted when we use Dermarol CCT® with a concentration of 90 % as liquid lipid and decreasing surfactant ratio to (2.5/1) w/w % with increasing the homogenization speed to 18 000 rpm. Conclusion: NLCs and NEs were successfully prepared, and from this study, it can be concluded that NLCs have the optimum particle size than Nanoemulsions.