bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Taste of time: A porous-medium model for human tongue surface with implications for early taste perception
Authors: Wu Zhenxing , Zhao Kai 
Published: September 2019

AbstractMost sensory systems are remarkable in their temporal precision, reflected in such phrases as “a flash of light” or “a twig snap”. Yet, the temporal response of human taste perception is complicated by the transport and diffusion processes of the stimuli through the papillae, saliva, taste pore, etc., to reach the taste receptors, processes that are poorly understood. In this study, we addressed this knowledge gap by modeling the transport and diffusion processes within the tongue surface through a novel micro-fiber porous medium approach and found that time-concentration profiles within the papilla zone rises with significant delay that well match experimental ratings of perceived taste intensity for both rapid stimuli pulses and longer sip-and-hold exposures. Diffusivity of taste stimuli, determined mostly by molecular size, correlates greatly with time and slope to reach peak intensity: smaller molecular size may lead to quicker taste perception. Our study demonstrates the novelty of modeling the human tongue as a porous material to drastically simplify computational approaches and that peripheral transport processes may significantly affect the temporal profile of taste perception.
Development of c-type lectin oriented surfaces for high avidity glycoconjugates: towards mimicking multivalent interactions on the cell surface
Authors: Porkolab Vanessa , Pifferi Carlo , Sutkeviciute Ieva , Ordanini Stefania , Taouai Marwa , Thepaut Michel , Vivès Corinne , Benazza Mohammed , Bernardi Anna , Renaudet Olivier , Fieschi Franck 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTMultivalent interactions between complex carbohydrates and oligomeric C-type lectins govern a wide range of immune responses. Up to date, standard SPR (surface plasmon resonance) competitive assays have largely been to evaluate binding properties from monosaccharide units (low affinity, mM) to multivalent elemental antagonists (moderate affinity, µM). Herein, we report typical case-studies of SPR competitive assays showing that they underestimate the potency of glycoclusters to inhibit the interaction between DC-SIGN and immobilized glycoconjugates. This paper describes the design and implementation of a SPR direct interaction over DC-SIGN oriented surfaces, extendable to other C-type lectin surfaces as such Langerin. This setup provides a microscopic overview of intrinsic avidity generation emanating simultaneously from multivalent glycoclusters and from DC-SIGN tetramers that are organized in nanoclusters on the cell membrane. For this purpose, covalent biospecific capture of DC-SIGN via StreptagII /StrepTactin interaction offers the preservation of tetrameric DC-SIGN and the accessibility/functionality of all active sites. From the tested glycoclusters libraries, we demonstrated that the scaffold architecture, the valency and the glycomimetic-based ligand are crucial to reach nanomolar affinities for DC-SIGN. The glycocluster 3.D illustrates the tightest binding partner in this set for a DC-SIGN surface (Kd= 18 nM). Moreover, the selectivity at monovalent scale of glycomimetic D can be easily analyzed at multivalent scale comparing its binding over different C-type lectin immobilized surfaces. This approach may give rise to novel insights into the multivalent binding mechanisms responsible to avidity and make a major contribution to the full characterization of the binding potency of promising specific and multivalent immunomodulators.
Comparative transcriptome analysis of the ovary and testis of the lacustrine goby (Gobiopterus lacustris)
Authors: Dong Zhongdian , Huang Chengqin , Zhang Hairui , Huang Shunkai , Zhang Ning , Tian Changxu , Wang Zhongduo , Guo Yusong 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRCTLacustrine goby (Gobiopterus lacustris) belongs to a genus of gobies that are small in size and endemic to freshwater, brackish waters or coastal environments around the Indian and Pacific oceans. To date, there are no genomic or transcriptomic studies on G. lacustris. Here, we constructed gonadal transcriptomes of G. lacustris for the first time and identified genes that may be involved in gonadal development and reproduction. In total, 60,657,644 and 52,016,136 clean reads were obtained from ovary and testis, respectively, using Illumina sequencing. Reads were assembled into 62,573 unigenes with N50 value of 3,082 bp and a mean length of 1,869 bp. A total of 47,891 (76.53%) unigenes were annotated in at least one of the seven databases that were used in this study. In addition, 38,550 SSRs (simple sequence repeat, microsatellite) were identified from 20,517 SSR containing sequences. Gene expression patterns in the testis and ovary were compared, and 10,954 DEGs (differentially expressed genes) were identified. Of these genes, 2,383 were up-regulated in the testis and 8,571 were up-regulated in the ovary. RT-qPCR analysis of 14 selected genes showed patterns consistent with the transcriptome results. Numerous DEGs involved in gonadal development and gametogenesis were identified, including foxl2, dmrt1, cyp19a1a, inha, inhb, sycp2, zglp1, tdrp, zps and esra. Using GO and KEGG enrichment analyses, pathways involving regulation of gonadal development and gametogenesis also identified. This work represents the first gonadal transcriptomic analysis of G. lacustris and provides a valuable dataset for future research on the genes involved in reproduction of G. lacustris.
The fallacy of “trickle-down” product sustainability
Authors: Brockhaus Sebastian , Petersen Moritz , Knemeyer A. Michael 
Published: September 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore how big-picture sustainability strategies are translated into tangible product development efforts. The authors assert that most sustainable products currently remain confined to niche markets and do not permeate the mainstream. The authors propose that there is a missing link between strategic sustainability goals and operational product development initiatives. The authors establish a path to bridging this gap.Design/methodology/approachThe manuscript is based on a qualitative research design with a sample of 32 companies. Data were collected from semi-structured interviews with product developers as well as secondary data analysis.FindingsThe authors delineate three empirically derived approaches firms from the sample pursue to develop sustainable products. The authors identify a phenomenon that the authors’ call the fallacy of trickle-down product sustainability. The authors find that only one of the three approaches – codification – is equipped to successfully turn strategic sustainability targets into authentic sustainable products.Practical implicationsThis study provides an actionable guide to executives and product developers with respect to bridging the gap between often elusive sustainability aspirations and tangible product improvements via the process of rigorous codification.Originality/valueThis study provides a novel and unique perspective into strategy, sustainability and product development. The authors synthesize the extant literature on sustainable product development, juxtapose the emergent structure with primary interview data, and elaborate the resource-based view (RBV) to provide theoretical and practical implications. The authors establish scalability as the missing RBV capability of many attempts toward mass–market compatibility of more sustainable products.
Overdrive pacing mapping: An alternative approach used in scar associated localized atrial tachycardia
Authors: Jiang Jingzhou , Yang Yang , Liu Chen , Ma Yuedong , Wang Lichun , He Jiangui , Tang Anli , Hess Paul H. , Kerlan Jeffrey E. , Feng Chong , Lan David Z. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundMapping and ablation of localized reentry atrial tachycardia (AT) can be challenging, especially in those with varying cycle length (CL).ObjectiveWe attempted to use the traditional maneuver of overdrive pacing to facilitate AT mapping.MethodsData were collected from 12 patients with localized ATs. All patients had prior cardiac surgery or prior atrial fibrillation ablation. Overdrive pacing mapping (ODPM) was performed to find independent local activity (ILA) and compared with conventional activation mapping (CAM) during ongoing AT to determine its accuracy and efficacy. Patients with macro‐reentry AT around the tricuspid or mitral annulus were excluded.ResultsTwelve patients with 14 localized ATs were included. All 14 ATs including 4 (29%) with varying CL successfully completed ODPM and had the ILA, although two ATs terminated during ODP and required repeated mapping. Radiofrequency ablation focused on critical sites with ILA was successful in all 12 patients. Using CAM, however, 6 of 14 ATs (43%) mapping attempts were aborted due to AT termination (2 ATs) or varying CL (4 ATs), and only 5 of 8 (63%) located “critical sites” were ultimately confirmed by entrainment and ablation results. After 25 ± 9 months of follow‐up, no patient had AT recurrence.ConclusionOur preliminary results demonstrated that ODPM is superior to CAM in ATs that were poorly sustained or with varying CL and is a useful supplement to CAM.
Effects of oral monosodium glutamate administration on serum metabolomics of suckling piglets
Authors: Wang Zhaobin , Zhang Jun , Wu Pei , Luo Shiyu , Li Jianzhong , Wang Qiye , Huang Pengfei , Li Yali , Ding Xueqin , Hou Zhenping , Wu Duanqin , Huang Jing , Tu Qiang , Yang Huansheng 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis study was conducted to determine the effects of oral administration with glutamate on metabolism of suckling piglets based on 1H‐Nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopy through the level of metabolism. Forty‐eight healthy [(Yorkshire × Landrace) × Duroc] piglets born on the same day with a similar birth bodyweight (1.55 ± 0.20 kg) were obtained from six sows (8 piglets per sow). The piglets from each sow were randomly assigned into four treatments (2 piglets per treatment). The piglets were given 0.09 g/kg body weight (BW) of sodium chloride (CN group), 0.03 g/kg BW monosodium glutamate (LMG group), 0.25 g/kg BW monosodium glutamate (MMG group) and 0.50 g/kg BW monosodium glutamate (HMG group) twice a day respectively. An 1H NMR‐based metabolomics’ study found that the addition of monosodium glutamate (MSG) significantly reduced serum citrate content in 7‐day‐old piglets, while HMG significantly increased serum trimethylamine content and significantly reduced unsaturated fat content in 7‐day‐old piglets (p < .05). The content of glutamine, trimethylamine, albumin, choline and urea nitrogen was significantly increased and the creatinine content decreased significantly in the 21‐day‐old HMG (p < .05). Analysis of serum hormones revealed that glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) content in the 21‐day‐old HMG was highest (p < .05). The cholecystokinin (CCK) content in the HMG of 7‐day‐old piglets was lower than that in the LMG (p < .05), and the CCK content in the serum of the 21‐day‐old MMG was highest (p < .05). The serum leptin levels in the 21‐day‐old HMG were the lowest (p < .05). The serum insulin content in the 7‐day‐old MMG was highest (p < .05). This study suggests that MSG plays an important role in the metabolism of sugar, fat and protein (amino acids). These results provide a theoretical basis for designing piglet feed formulations.
A QST‐based Pain Phenotype in Adults With Sickle Cell Disease: Sensitivity and Specificity of Quality Descriptors
Authors: Dyal Brenda W. , Ezenwa Miriam O. , Yoon Saunjoo L. , Fillingim Roger B. , Yao Yingwei , Schlaeger Judith M. , Suarez Marie L. , Wang Zaijie J. , Molokie Robert E. , Wilkie Diana J. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundWe sought to refine a screening measure for discriminating a sensitized or normal sensation pain phenotype among African American adults with sickle cell disease (SCD).ObjectiveTo develop scoring schemes based on sensory pain quality descriptors; evaluate their performance on classifying patients with SCD who had sensitization or normal sensation, and compare with scores on the Self‐report Leeds Assessment of Neuropathic Symptoms and Signs (S‐LANSS) and the Neuropathic Pain Symptom Inventory (NPSI).MethodsParticipants completed PAINReportIt, quantitative sensory testing (QST), S‐LANSS, and NPSI. Conventional binary logistic regression and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (lasso) regression were used to obtain 2 sets of weights resulting in 2 scores: the PR‐Logistic (PAINReportIt score weighted by conventional binary logistic regression coefficients) and PR‐Lasso (PAINReportIt score weighted by lasso regression coefficients). Performance of the proposed scores and the existing scores were evaluated.ResultsLasso regression resulted in a parsimonious model with non‐zero weights assigned to 2 neuropathic descriptors, cold and spreading. We found positive correlations between the PR‐Lasso and other scores: S‐LANSS (r = 0.22, P < 0.01), NPSI (r = 0.22, P < 0.01), and PR‐Logistic (r = 0.35, P < 0.01). The NPSI and PR‐Lasso performed similarly at different levels of required specificity and outperformed the S‐LANSS and PR‐Logistic at the various specificity points.ConclusionThe PR‐Lasso offers a way to discriminate a SCD pain phenotype.
Intraocular foreign body injury in children: clinical characteristics and factors associated with endophthalmitis
Authors: Yang Yao , Yang Chengcheng , Zhao Ruijuan , Lin Lixia , Duan Fang , Lou Bingsheng , Yuan Zhaohui , Lin Xiaofeng 
Published: September 2019

Background/AimsTo analyse the clinical characteristics of intraocular foreign body (IOFB) injury in children and evaluate factors associated with endophthalmitis development.MethodsPatients aged <18 years with IOFB attending Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center between January 2003 and July 2016 were included retrospectively. Demographic features, clinical characteristics and factors associated with endophthalmitis development were analysed.ResultsConsecutive subjects (n=484, 484 eyes) were included: mean age 10.12±4.54 years, 86.4% male. Fireworks (28.5%) were the most common cause of injury. Injury of uncertain cause (17.5%), fireworks (36.7%) and metal splatter (31.7%) accounted for most injuries in the 0–3, 4–12 and 13–17 years age groups, respectively. Plant branches (16.7%) and fireworks (31.1%) were the most common causes of injuries in females and males, respectively. Endophthalmitis occurred in 116 patients (24.0%), with metallic IOFB (OR=0.338, p=0.001), intraocular haemorrhage (OR=0.100, p<0.001) and uveal tissue prolapse (OR=0.206, p<0.001) conferring lower risk, while zone II wound (OR=4.336, p<0.001) and traumatic lens rupture (OR=2.567, p=0.028) were associated with higher risk.ConclusionClinical characteristics of children with IOFB injury differ from those of adults. Fireworks are the most common cause of injury, indicating a ban on children igniting fireworks should be advocated. Safety education and protective measures should vary by age and sex. Endophthalmitis is associated with zone II wound, traumatic lens rupture, IOFB material, intraocular haemorrhage and uveal tissue prolapse, which has clinical relevance.
Dupilumab-induced ocular surface disease (DIOSD) in patients with atopic dermatitis: clinical presentation, risk factors for development and outcomes of treatment with tacrolimus ointment
Authors: Nahum Yoav , Mimouni Michael , Livny Eitan , Bahar Irit , Hodak Emmilia , Leshem Yael Anne 
Published: September 2019

AimTo identify risk factors for the development of dupilumab-induced ocular surface disease (DIOSD) in adult patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) and describe outcomes of treatment.MethodsA retrospective institutional cohort study performed at the Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel. Adult patients with AD who received dupilumab from March 2018 to June 2019 were included. Demographics, AD severity scores, blood IgE levels, previous atopic keratoconjunctivitis (AKC), dermatological response to dupilumab, ophthalmological evaluation and treatment were noted. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify risk factors for DIOSD.ResultsSixteen of 37 patients who were included in the study (43%) had new or exacerbated symptoms of ocular surface disease starting at 2 weeks following the first treatment. Three patients reported transient dry eye sensation which lasted 2 weeks; nine patients reported chronic dry eye sensation, and four patients (25%) had marked blepharoconjunctivitis. The presence of severe AD was the strongest predictor of DIOSD. Not a single patient with moderate AD had DIOSD. In multivariate analysis, prior AKC was a risk factor for DIOSD (R2=15.78, OR=23.28, p=0.005) while a family history of atopy was protective of DIOSD (R2=6.22, OR=0.13, p=0.05). All four patients with blepharoconjunctivitis had resolution of signs, and symptoms within days of starting periocular 0.03%–0.1% tacrolimus ointment.ConclusionsDIOSD is common in patients with AD receiving dupilumab. While most cases are mild, some patients can develop blepharoconjunctivitis which responds well to tacrolimus ointment. AD severity, and previous AKC are risk factors for DIOSD.
Changes in the gut microbiota during and after commercial helium–oxygen saturation diving in China
Authors: Yuan Yuan , Zhao Guosheng , Ji Hongwei , Peng Bin , Huang Zhiguo , Jin Wei , Chen Xiaoqiang , Guan Haitao , Tang Guangsheng , Zhang Hui , Jiang Zhenglin 
Published: September 2019

ObjectivesThe influence of commercial helium–oxygen saturation diving on divers’ gut microbiotas was assessed to provide dietary suggestion.MethodsFaecal samples of 47 divers working offshore were collected before (T1), during (T2) and after (T3) saturation diving. Their living and excursion depths were 55–134 metres underwater with a saturation duration of 12–31 days and PaO2of 38–65 kPa. The faecal samples were examined through 16S ribosomal DNA amplicon sequencing based on the Illumina sequencing platform to analyse changes in the bacteria composition in the divers’ guts.ResultsAlthough the α and β diversity of the gut microbiota did not change significantly, we found that living in a hyperbaric environment of helium–oxygen saturation decreased the abundance of the genusBifidobacterium, an obligate anaerobe, from 2.43%±3.83% at T1 to 0.79%±1.23% at T2 and 0.59%±0.79% at T3. Additionally, the abundance of some short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria, such asFusicatenibacter, Faecalibacterium, rectale group andAnaerostipes, showed a decreased trend in the order of before, during and after diving. On the contrary, the abundance of species, such asLactococcus garvieae,Actinomyces odontolyticus,Peptoclostridium difficile,Butyricimonas virosa,Streptococcus mutans,Porphyromonas asaccharolyticaandA. graevenitzii, showed an increasing trend, but most of them were pathogens.ConclusionsOccupational exposure to high pressure in a helium–oxygen saturation environment decreased the abundance ofBifidobacteriumand some SCFA-producing bacteria, and increased the risk of pathogenic bacterial infection. Supplementation of the diver diet with probiotics or prebiotics during saturation diving might prevent these undesirable changes.
Altered functional interactions between neurons in primary visual cortex of macaque monkeys with experimental amblyopia
Authors: Acar Katerina , Kiorpes Lynne , Movshon J. Anthony , Smith Matthew A. 
Published: September 2019

Amblyopia, a disorder in which vision through one of the eyes is degraded, arises because of defective processing of information by the visual system. Amblyopia often develops in humans after early misalignment of the eyes (strabismus) and can be simulated in macaque monkeys by artificially inducing strabismus. In such amblyopic animals, single-unit responses in primary visual cortex (V1) are appreciably reduced when evoked by the amblyopic eye compared with the other (fellow) eye. However, this degradation in single V1 neuron responsivity is not commensurate with the marked losses in visual sensitivity and resolution measured behaviorally. Here we explored the idea that changes in patterns of coordinated activity across populations of V1 neurons may contribute to degraded visual representations in amblyopia, potentially making it more difficult to read out evoked activity to support perceptual decisions. We studied the visually evoked activity of V1 neuronal populations in three macaques ( Macaca nemestrina) with strabismic amblyopia and in one control animal. Activity driven through the amblyopic eye was diminished, and these responses also showed more interneuronal correlation at all stimulus contrasts than responses driven through the fellow eye or responses in the control animal. A decoding analysis showed that responses driven through the amblyopic eye carried less visual information than other responses. Our results suggest that part of the reduced visual capacity of amblyopes may be due to changes in the patterns of functional interaction among neurons in V1. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Previous work on the neurophysiological basis of amblyopia has largely focused on relating behavioral deficits to changes in visual processing by single neurons in visual cortex. In this study, we recorded simultaneously from populations of primary visual cortical (V1) neurons in macaques with amblyopia. We found changes in the strength and pattern of shared response variability between neurons. These changes in neuronal interactions could impair the visual representations of V1 populations driven by the amblyopic eye.
Filling Gaps in Legislation: The Use of Fiqh by Contemporary Courts in Morocco, Egypt, and Indonesia
Authors: Dupret Baudouin , Bouhya Adil , Lindbekk Monika , Yakin Ayang Utriza 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIn most Muslim-majority countries, the legislators who drafted family law codes sought to produce a codified version of one of the many Islamic fiqh schools. Such is the case, from West to East, for Morocco, Egypt, and Indonesia. There are situations, however, in which the law remains silent. In such cases, judges must turn to fiqh in order to find appropriate provisions. It is up to judges to interpret the law and to locate the relevant rule. In this process, judges use new interpretive techniques and modes of reasoning. After addressing institutional and legal transformations in Morocco, Egypt, and Indonesia, this article focuses on the domain of family law. We examine cases that illustrate how judges seek a solution in the body of fiqh when asked to authenticate a marriage. In conclusion, we put forward an argument about how judges who are required to refer to fiqh deal with this matter within the context of positive, codified, and standardized law. We argue that the methodology and epistemology adopted by contemporary judges, the legal material on which they draw, and the means by which they refer to this material have fundamentally altered the nature of legal cognition and of law itself.
THE RISK OF FALLS IN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
Authors: Toroptsova N. V. , Feklistov A. Yu. 
Published: September 2019

The paper discusses the materials of investigations dealing with falls as an independent risk factor for fractures in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). It gives data on the incidence and possible risk factors of falls in this category of patients. According to the data obtained, the prevalence of falls in different countries varies from 10 to 50%, which may be related to differences in the methods of collecting information, and the relationship of the investigated factors with the risk of falls in patients with RA is uniquely unproven and calls for further investigations.