bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Uncovering the language of wine experts
Authors: Croijmans Ilja , Hendrickx Iris , Lefever Els , Majid Asifa , Van Den Bosch Antal 
Published: September 2019

AbstractTalking about odors and flavors is difficult for most people, yet experts appear to be able to convey critical information about wines in their reviews. This seems to be a contradiction, and wine expert descriptions are frequently received with criticism. Here, we propose a method for probing the language of wine reviews, and thus offer a means to enhance current vocabularies, and as a by-product question the general assumption that wine reviews are gibberish. By means of two different quantitative analyses—support vector machines for classification and Termhood analysis—on a corpus of online wine reviews, we tested whether wine reviews are written in a consistent manner, and thus may be considered informative; and whether reviews feature domain-specific language. First, a classification paradigm was trained on wine reviews from one set of authors for which the color, grape variety, and origin of a wine were known, and subsequently tested on data from a new author. This analysis revealed that, regardless of individual differences in vocabulary preferences, color and grape variety were predicted with high accuracy. Second, using Termhood as a measure of how words are used in wine reviews in a domain-specific manner compared to other genres in English, a list of 146 wine-specific terms was uncovered. These words were compared to existing lists of wine vocabulary that are currently used to train experts. Some overlap was observed, but there were also gaps revealed in the extant lists, suggesting these lists could be improved by our automatic analysis.
Visual versus Verbal Working Memory in Statistically Determined Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment: On behalf of the Consortium for Clinical and Epidemiological Neuropsychological Data Analysis (CENDA)
Authors: Emrani Sheina , Wasserman Victor , Matusz Emily , Miller David , Lamar Melissa , Price Catherine C. , Ginsberg Terrie Beth , Au Rhoda , Swenson Rod , Libon David J. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractObjective:Previous research in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) suggests that visual episodic memory impairment may emerge before analogous verbal episodic memory impairment. The current study examined working memory (WM) test performance in MCI to assess whether patients present with greater visual versus verbal WM impairment. WM performance was also assessed in relation to hippocampal occupancy (HO), a ratio of hippocampal volume to ventricular dilation adjusted for demographic variables and intracranial volume.Methods:Jak et al. (2009) (The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 17, 368–375) and Edmonds, Delano-Wood, Galasko, Salmon, & Bondi (2015) (Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease, 47(1), 231–242) criteria classify patients into four groups: little to no cognitive impairment (non-MCI); subtle cognitive impairment (SCI); amnestic MCI (aMCI); and a combined mixed/dysexecutive MCI (mixed/dys MCI). WM was assessed using co-normed Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-IV (WAIS-IV) Digit Span Backwards and Wechsler Memory Scale-IV (WMS-IV) Symbol Span Z-scores.Results:Between-group analyses found worse WMS-IV Symbol Span and WAIS-IV Digit Span Backwards performance for mixed/dys MCI compared to non-MCI patients. Within-group analyses found no differences for non-MCI patients; however, all other groups scored lower on WMS-IV Symbol Span than WAIS-IV Digit Span Backwards. Regression analysis with HO as the dependent variable was statistically significant for WMS-IV Symbol Span performance. WAIS-IV Digit Span Backwards performance failed to reach statistical significance.Conclusions:Worse WMS-IV Symbol Span performance was observed in patient groups with measurable neuropsychological impairment and better WMS-IV Symbol Span performance was associated with higher HO ratios. These results suggest that visual WM may be particularly sensitive to emergent illness compared to analogous verbal WM tests.
Disinhibition in Frontotemporal Dementia and Alzheimer’s Disease: A Neuropsychological and Behavioural Investigation
Authors: Mariano Luciano I. , O’Callaghan Claire , Guimarães Henrique C. , Gambogi Leandro B. , da Silva Thaís B.L. , Yassuda Mônica S. , Amaral Juliana S. , Caramelli Paulo , Hornberger Michael , Teixeira Antônio L. , de Souza Leonardo C. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractObjective:Cognitive tests of inhibitory control show variable results for the differential diagnosis between behavioural variant of Frontotemporal Dementia (bvFTD) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We compared the diagnostic accuracies of tests of inhibitory control and of a behavioural questionnaire, to distinguish bvFTD from AD.Methods:Three groups of participants were enrolled: 27 bvFTD patients, 25 AD patients, and 24 healthy controls. Groups were matched for gender, education, and socio-economic level. Participants underwent a comprehensive neuropsychological assessment of inhibitory control, including Hayling Test, Stroop, the Five Digits Test (FDT) and the Delay Discounting Task (DDT). Caregivers completed the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale 11th version (BIS-11).Results:bvFTD and AD groups showed no difference in the tasks of inhibitory control, while the caregiver questionnaire revealed that bvFTD patients were significantly more impulsive (BIS-11: bvFTD 76.1+9.5, AD 62.9+13, p < .001).Conclusions:Neuropsychological tests of inhibitory control failed to distinguish bvFTD from AD. On the contrary, impulsivity caregiver-completed questionnaire provided good distinction between bvFTD and AD. These results highlight the current limits of cognitive measures of inhibitory control for the differential diagnosis between bvFTD and AD, whereas questionnaire information appears more reliable and in line with clinical diagnostics.
Associations of Lipid Levels and Cognition: Findings from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos
Authors: Lamar Melissa , Durazo-Arvizu Ramon A. , Rodriguez Carlos J. , Kaplan Robert C. , Perera Marisa J. , Cai Jianwen , Espinoza Giacinto Rebeca A. , González Hector M. , Daviglus Martha L. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractObjective:Hispanics/Latinos in the United States are less aware of their cholesterol levels and have a higher burden of associated adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular outcomes than non-Latino whites. Investigations of the associations between cholesterol levels and cognition in this population have often occurred within the context of metabolic syndrome and are limited to select lipids despite the fact that triglycerides (TGs) may be more relevant to the health of Hispanics/Latinos.Methods:Baseline data from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos, collected from 2008 to 2011, was used to investigate the associations of lipid levels (i.e., TG, total cholesterol, TC; low-density and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C and HDL-C) with cognition (i.e., learning, memory, verbal fluency, and digit symbol substitution, DSS), adjusting for relevant confounders.Results:In 7413 participants ages 45 to 74 years from Central American, Cuban, Dominican, Mexican, Puerto Rican, and South American backgrounds, separate, fully adjusted linear regression models revealed that TG levels were inversely associated with DSS performance; however, this relationship was no longer significant once additional cardiovascular disease risk factors were added to the model (p= .06). TC and LDL-C levels (separately) were positively associated with learning and verbal fluency regardless of adjustments (p-values < .05). Separate analyses investigating the effect modification by background and sex revealed a particularly robust association between TC levels and DSS performance for Puerto Ricans and Central Americans (albeit in opposite directions) and an inverse relationship between TG levels and DSS performance for women (p-values < .02).Conclusions:It is important to consider individual lipid levels and demographic characteristics when investigating associations between cholesterol levels and cognition in Hispanics/Latinos.
Pattern and correlates of public support for public health interventions to reduce the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages
Authors: Bélanger-Gravel Ariane , Desroches Sophie , Janezic Isidora , Paquette Marie-Claude , De Wals Philippe 
Published: September 2019

AbstractObjective:To examine the pattern and correlates of public support for twelve public health interventions aimed at reducing sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption.Design:Cross-sectional population-based survey. Respondents were recruited using a random digit dialling procedure (landline telephone) and a random selection of telephone numbers (mobile telephone). Sampling quotas were applied for age, and the sample was stratified according to administrative regions.Setting:The province of Québec, Canada.Subjects:One thousand adults aged between 18 and 64 years and able to answer the survey questionnaire in French or English.Results:Support was observed for a number of public health interventions, but the more intrusive approaches were less supported. Support for taxation as well as for sale and access restriction was positively associated with the perceived relevance of the government intervention, perceived effectiveness, and perceived associations between SSB consumption and chronic diseases. Believing that SSB consumption is a personal choice and daily consumption were generally negatively associated with strong support and positively associated with strong opposition. Sparse associations between sociodemographic and socio-economic characteristics were observed, with the exception of sex and age: women were generally more likely to support the examined public health strategies, while younger respondents were less likely to express support.Conclusions:Increasing perceived effectiveness and government responsibility for addressing the issue of SSB consumption could lead to increased support for SSB interventions. Increasing the belief that SSB consumption could be associated with chronic diseases would increase support, but SSB consumers and younger individuals are expected to be resistant.
Double burden of underweight and overweight among women of reproductive age in Bangladesh
Authors: Biswas Raaj Kishore , Rahman Nusma , Khanam Rasheda , Baqui Abdullah H , Ahmed Saifuddin 
Published: September 2019

AbstractObjective:Bangladesh, like many emerging economies of South-East Asia, has started to experience a double burden of continuing high rates of undernutrition and increasing rates of overweight and obesity. A lack of assessment of the nutritional shift leaves a gap in current policies: the growing overweight and obesity is yet to be addressed. The present paper investigates the change in nutritional status, particularly the shift in BMI, of Bangladeshi women of reproductive age (15–49 years) and characterizes the vulnerable households for both underweight and overweight status during a period of 10 years (2004–2014).Design:Generalized linear mixed-effect models were fitted for both urban and rural residents to assess underweight and overweight status.Setting:Bangladesh Demographic and Health Surveys.Participants:Women aged 15–49 years (n 53 077).Results:The proportion of overweight increased during 2004–2014 from 10·7 to 25·1 % and the proportion of underweight decreased from 32·6 to 18·2 %. Prevalence of underweight status remained high in rural areas and prevalence of overweight increased rapidly in both rural and urban areas, creating a double burden. The significant contributors to this double burden were the change in women’s level of education, increased household wealth, divisional location and rapid urbanization.Conclusions:The findings indicate that specific cohort- or area-based intervention policy studies in line with the UN Decade of Action on Nutrition are required to address the nutritional double burden in Bangladesh.
The consumption of ultra-processed foods according to eating out occasions
Authors: Andrade Giovanna Calixto , Gombi-Vaca Maria Fernanda , Louzada Maria Laura da Costa , Azeredo Catarina Machado , Levy Renata Bertazzi 
Published: September 2019

AbstractObjective:To describe out-of-home consumption according to the purpose and extent of industrial processing and also evaluate the association between eating out and ultra-processed food consumption, taking account of variance within and between individuals.Design:Cross-sectional study.Setting:Brazil.Participants:The study was based on the Individual Food Intake of the Brazilian Household Budget Survey, carried out with 34 003 individuals aged 10 years or more, between May 2008 and May 2009. All food items were classified according to food processing level. The habit of eating out was evaluated through the frequency of days each individual reported eating out, described according to sociodemographic characteristics. The contribution of food energy per group and subgroup was estimated according to the frequency of eating out. In addition, multilevel modelling was employed to evaluate the association between eating out and ultra-processed food consumption.Results:In Brazil, culinary preparations accounted for most of the energy eaten out. However, it was possible to observe a higher contribution of ultra-processed foods, especially sugary beverages and ready-to-eat meals, as the frequency of out-of-home consumption increased. Compared with food consumption exclusively at home, eating out increased the consumption of ultra-processed foods by 0·41 percentage points within and between individuals.Conclusion:In Brazil, the same individual and different individuals had greater consumption of ultra-processed foods when they ate out of home compared with when they ate at home. So, it is necessary to implement public policies which discourage the out-of-home consumption of ultra-processed foods and that provide affordable and accessible less-processed food options.
Incremental, transitional and transformational adaptation to climate change in resource extraction regions
Authors: Loginova Julia , Batterbury Simon P.J. 
Published: September 2019

Non-technical summaryMining regions are affected by climate change. Supplies of energy and water are required, and operations become hazardous during adverse weather events. Adapting to climate change takes three forms: incrementally improving the resilience of mining operations; transitioning to more inclusive governance through institutional and policy innovations; and more profound transformations that shift the balance of power, including profit-sharing, localized control or cessation of mining entirely. Clarifying adaptation pathways helps to identify priorities and inform policies for a fairer and more sustainable future for mining and the regions where it takes place.
Twin Database of the Secondary School Attached to the Faculty of Education of the University of Tokyo
Authors: Ooki Syuichi 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis article profiles the historical twin databases of the secondary education school attached to the Faculty of Education at the University of Tokyo. The school was established in 1948. Every year, about 50 pairs of twins of all sex and zygosity combinations, aged 11–12 years, take an examination, and about 10–20 pairs are admitted based on the results. Three datasets exist: one for applicants (11–12 years old), one for junior and senior high school students (12–18 years old) and one for graduates (18–85 years old). Linking the records from these three databases should facilitate several important research projects, for example, life course genetic epidemiologic studies and the verification of the so-called developmental origins of health and disease hypothesis.
The Use of Surveys to Improve the Clinical Psychology Internship Program and Intern Recruitment Process
Authors: Mackey Eleanor R. , Efron Lisa A. 
Published: September 2019

Objectives: The clinical psychology internship recruitment process serves an essential function in psychology training. The current study describes the use of surveys distributed to internship applicants, interviewed at a pediatric or child clinical-focused internship program, designed to elicit feedback regarding the interview day and program. Method: Anonymous surveys were sent to all interviewees at a doctoral internship program at a children’s hospital. Surveys were distributed after rank lists were submitted and collected prior to match day. Surveys included quantitative and qualitative feedback on specific aspects of the internship (e.g., rotations) as well as the interview format (e.g., interview logistics). Survey results from 6 years of interviews were reviewed for the current study. Results: Respondents included 213 interviewees (93% female, 76% non-Hispanic White). Results indicated positive views of the internship, with enthusiasm higher for self-reported racial or ethnic minority applicants and those interested in pediatric psychology. Respondents noted that the individual interviews with faculty and meeting with the current interns were the 2 most valuable components of the interview format. Applicants to this program reported most interest in having rotations of perceived value, specifically pediatric psychology and consult−liaison rotations. Concerns primarily centered on the relative cost of living to stipend ratio. Conclusions: Use of surveys following internship interviews allows sites a deeper understanding of the needs and interest of trainees served by the program. This enables sites to adjust their interview format and internship program to ensure that they are meeting the needs of trainees. Implications for Impact Statement The current study found that assessing the impressions of applicants for a pediatric and child clinical internship was valuable for refining the internship program and interview format. Specifically, pediatric psychology applicants appear to be interested in general, as well as pediatric-specific, training opportunities and particularly value flexibility to tailor an internship program to individual interests. Pediatric internships may benefit from instituting annual exit surveys to interviewees to match the needs and interest of trainees.
Massively parallel RNA device engineering in mammalian cells with RNA-Seq
Authors: Xiang Joy S. , Kaplan Matias , Dykstra Peter , Hinks Michaela , McKeague Maureen , Smolke Christina D. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractSynthetic RNA-based genetic devices dynamically control a wide range of gene-regulatory processes across diverse cell types. However, the limited throughput of quantitative assays in mammalian cells has hindered fast iteration and interrogation of sequence space needed to identify new RNA devices. Here we report developing a quantitative, rapid and high-throughput mammalian cell-based RNA-Seq assay to efficiently engineer RNA devices. We identify new ribozyme-based RNA devices that respond to theophylline, hypoxanthine, cyclic-di-GMP, and folinic acid from libraries of ~22,700 sequences in total. The small molecule responsive devices exhibit low basal expression and high activation ratios, significantly expanding our toolset of highly functional ribozyme switches. The large datasets obtained further provide conserved sequence and structure motifs that may be used for rationally guided design. The RNA-Seq approach offers a generally applicable strategy for developing broad classes of RNA devices, thereby advancing the engineering of genetic devices for mammalian systems.
PIK3CA and MAP3K1 alterations imply luminal A status and are associated with clinical benefit from pan-PI3K inhibitor buparlisib and letrozole in ER+ metastatic breast cancer
Authors: Nixon Mellissa J. , Formisano Luigi , Mayer Ingrid A. , Estrada M. Valeria , González-Ericsson Paula I. , Isakoff Steven J. , Forero-Torres Andrés , Won Helen , Sanders Melinda E. , Solit David B. , Berger Michael F. , Cantley Lewis C. , Winer Eric P. , Arteaga Carlos L. , Balko Justin M. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractClinical trials have demonstrated the efficacy of combining phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitors with endocrine therapies in hormone therapy-refractory breast cancer. However, biomarkers of PI3K pathway dependence in ER+ breast cancer have not been fully established. Hotspot mutations in the alpha isoform of PI3K (PIK3CA) are frequent in ER+ disease and may identify tumors that respond to PI3K inhibitors. It is unclear whether PIK3CA mutations are the only biomarker to suggest pathway dependence and response to therapy. We performed correlative molecular characterization of primary and metastatic tissue from patients enrolled in a phase Ib study combining buparlisib (NVP-BKM-120), a pan-PI3K inhibitor, with letrozole in ER+, human epidermal growth factor-2 (HER2)-negative, metastatic breast cancer. Activating mutations in PIK3CA and inactivating MAP3K1 mutations marked tumors from patients with clinical benefit (≥6 months of stable disease). Patients harboring mutations in both genes exhibited the greatest likelihood of clinical benefit. In ER+ breast cancer cell lines, siRNA-mediated knockdown of MAP3K1 did not affect the response to buparlisib. In a subset of patients treated with buparlisib or the PI3Kα inhibitor alpelisib each with letrozole where PAM50 analysis was performed, nearly all tumors from patients with clinical benefit had a luminal A subtype. Mutations in MAP3K1 in ER+ breast cancer may be associated with clinical benefit from combined inhibition of PI3K and ER, but we could not ascribe direct biological function therein, suggesting they may be a surrogate for luminal A status. We posit that luminal A tumors may be a target population for this therapeutic combination.
A Variable Neighbourhood Descent Heuristic for Conformational Search Using a Quantum Annealer
Authors: Marchand D. J. J. , Noori M. , Roberts A. , Rosenberg G. , Woods B. , Yildiz U. , Coons M. , Devore D. , Margl P. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractDiscovering the low-energy conformations of a molecule is of great interest to computational chemists, with applications in in silico materials design and drug discovery. In this paper, we propose a variable neighbourhood search heuristic for the conformational search problem. Using the structure of a molecule, neighbourhoods are chosen to allow for the efficient use of a binary quadratic optimizer for conformational search. The method is flexible with respect to the choice of molecular force field and the number of discretization levels in the search space, and can be further generalized to take advantage of higher-order binary polynomial optimizers. It is well-suited for the use of devices such as quantum annealers. After carefully defining neighbourhoods, the method easily adapts to the size and topology of these devices, allowing for seamless scaling alongside their future improvements.