bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CCN proteins as potential actionable targets in scleroderma
Authors: Henrot Pauline , Truchetet Marie‐Elise , Fisher Gary , Taïeb Alain , Cario Muriel 
Published: October 2018

AbstractSystemic sclerosis (SSc) is a complex autoimmune connective tissue disease combining inflammatory, vasculopathic and fibrotic manifestations. Skin features, which give their name to the disease and are considered as diagnostic as well as prognostic markers, have not been thoroughly investigated in terms of therapeutic targets. CCN proteins (CYR61/CCN1, CTGF/CCN2, NOV/CCN3 and WISP1‐2‐3 as CCN4‐5‐6) are a family of secreted matricellular proteins implicated in major cellular processes such as cell growth, migration, differentiation. They have already been implicated in key pathophysiological processes of SSc, namely fibrosis, vasculopathy and inflammation. In this review, we discuss the possible implication of CCN proteins in SSc pathogenesis, with a special focus on skin features, and identify the potential actionable CCN targets.
Research of photosynthesis and genomewide resequencing on a yellow‐leaf Lotus japonicus mutant induced by carbon ion beam irradiation
Authors: Cui Tao , Luo Shanwei , Du Yan , Yu Lixia , Yang Jiangyan , Li Wenjian , Chen Xia , Li Xin , Wang Jie , Zhou Libin 
Published: October 2018

AbstractCarbon ion beam is an advanced physical mutagen that is used for mutation breeding and functional genomics research. Using carbon ion beams, a stable Lotus japonicus mutant C16 which showed yellow leaves and reduced height compared with the laboratory wild type was obtained in our previous study. Yellow‐leaf mutation is a desirable characteristic for studying photosynthesis. The photosynthetic‐related physiological indexes, including the content of chlorophylls and the ratio of variable fluorescence (Fv) over the maximum fluorescence value (Fm) (maximal photochemical efficiency of photosystem II in the dark) of leaves between laboratory wild type and C16, were investigated. C16 showed lower amount of chlorophylls than that of laboratory wild type, as well as a relatively photosynthetic capacity. Meanwhile, to comprehend the molecular mechanism underlying the mutant, genomewide resequencing was performed to identify the mutational site responsible for the yellow‐leaf phenotype causing the weaker photosynthetic capacity. Ninety‐five single‐base substitutions and 17 small insertions and deletions were found in C16 mutant. Among those, by association analysis of functional annotation and mutant phenotype, T>G SBS in chromosome 5 located in Lj5g3v1669360.1 which encodes arabinogalactan protein was supposed as candidate mutation sites. Quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction analysis indicated that the expression level of Lj5g3v1669360.1 in C16 was significantly lower than that of laboratory wild type. Decreased expression of the Lj5g3v1669360.1 may be responsible for the smaller amount of chlorophylls causing yellow leaves, the weaker photosynthetic capacity of C16, and resulting in slow growth.
Prevalence, predictive factors and clinical course of persistent pain associated with teeth displaying periapical healing following nonsurgical root canal treatment: a prospective study
Authors: Philpott R. , Gulabivala K. , Leeson R. , Ng Y.‐L. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAimsTo investigate the prevalence, pain catastrophizing and other predictive factors and clinical course of persistent pain/discomfort associated with teeth displaying periapical healing following nonsurgical root canal treatment (NSRCT).MethodologyOne hundred and ninety‐eight patients (264 teeth) who had NSRCT were reviewed at 5–14 months, postoperatively. Teeth with persistent post‐treatment pain or discomfort, plus evidence of periapical healing were further monitored 0.5, 4 and 10 years later. Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) and Short Form of the McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF‐MPQ) were completed. Predictive factors were investigated using logistic regression models.ResultsTwenty‐four per cent (60/249) of teeth displaying periapical healing at first review were associated with persistent pain or discomfort. Fifty‐five teeth monitored 6–7 months later were associated with reduction in pain (17/30) or discomfort (7/25). Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) of eight teeth with persistent symptoms and complete periapical healing (by conventional radiographs) revealed distinct, small apical radiolucencies (n = 3) or root apex fenestration through the buccal plate (n = 2). History of chronic pain (headache, temporo‐mandibular joint, masticatory muscle, neck, shoulder or back pain; P = 0.005), preoperative pain (P = 0.04), responsive pulp (P = 0.009), tooth crack (P = 0.05) and small periapical radiolucency (P = 0.005) were significant predictive factors. The PCS revealed 16 patients (22 teeth) were catastrophizers (PCS ≥ 30), but this had no influence on post‐treatment symptoms (P = 0.5).ConclusionsPersistent pain or discomfort associated with teeth showing periapical healing at the first review after NSRCT, decreased in intensity in most cases over the following 6 months. Longer‐term follow‐up revealed spontaneous improvement or symptom resolution in the majority of those with confirmed radiographic the absence of periapical disease. Five predictive factors (history of chronic pain, teeth with responsive pulps, association with pain, diagnosis of tooth crack before treatment and diameter of preoperative radiolucency) were identified.
Cellular antioxidant activity and Caco‐2 cell uptake characteristics of flavone extracts from Labisia pumila
Authors: Wu Hui , Xi Hongru , Lai Furao , Ma Juanjuan , Chen Wenbo , Liu Huifan 
Published: October 2018

SummaryThe structures of two extracts of flavone , obtained from the stem (L40) and leaf (S40) of Labisia pumila (LP), were identified through UHPLC‐MS/MS analysis. An 2,2′‐azobis[2‐methylpropionamidine] dihydrochloride (AAPH)‐induced hemolysis model was used and the results indicate the protective effects of flavone extracts on erythrocytes against AAPH‐induced oxidative stress, in which L40 treatment performed the better. Quantitative analysis of variations in antioxidative‐associated enzyme and non‐enzyme systems within the erythrocytes were conducted and led to the identification of protective pathways in which flavone extracts could pass through the cell membrane and act as AAPH‐free radical scavengers. Absorptivity of flavone extracts was characterised using a Caco‐2 monolayer model, in which the apparent permeability coefficient indicated that both types of flavone extracts were readily absorbed compounds, while L40 showed better intestinal absorptivity. Therefore, we conclude that flavonoid extracts from the leaf of LP show remarkable potential functional effects on human health.
The effects of fish meat and fish bone addition on nutritional value, texture and microstructure of optimised fried snacks
Authors: Nawaz Asad , Xiong Zhouyi , Xiong Hanguo , Chen Lei , Wang Peng‐kai , Ahmad Ishtiaq , Hu Chun , Irshad Sana , Ali Shinawar Waseem 
Published: October 2018

SummaryThe aim of present study was to prepare the micro size fish bone dispersion (F.B) by a novel method and fortified in snacks based on wheat flour (W.F) with fish meat (F.M) addition. A formulation blend of W.F 10–50 g, potato powder (P.P) 0–40 g, F.M 0–30 g and F.B 0–20 g was used to investigate different responses using response surface methodology (RSM). The results revealed that F.M significantly (P < 0.05) influenced on protein content and inverse relation with water holding capacity (WHC) and hardness. Whereas, F.B increased hardness, ash and calcium contents but decreased WHC, expansion and colour parameters. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirmed the effect of independent variables on morphology of the product. Optimised formulation (w/w) was W.F 35.71%, P.P 28.57%, F.M 21.42% and F.B 14.28% with 37% bioavailable calcium, improved texture and nutritional value.
Boarfish (Capros aper) protein hydrolysate has potent insulinotropic and GLP‐1 secretory activity in vitro and acute glucose lowering effects in mice
Authors: Parthsarathy Vadivel , McLaughlin Christopher M. , Harnedy Padraigin A. , Allsopp Philip J. , Crowe William , McSorley Emeir M. , FitzGerald Richard J. , O'Harte Finbarr P. M. 
Published: October 2018

SummaryThe anti‐diabetic actions of a boarfish protein hydrolysate (BPH) were investigated in cultured cells and mice. A boarfish (Capros aper) muscle protein hydrolysate was generated using the enzymes Alcalase 2.4 L and Flavourzyme 500 L. Furthermore, the BPH was subjected to simulated gastrointestinal digestion (SGID). BPH and SGID samples (0.01–2.5 mg mL−1) were tested in vitro for DPP‐IV inhibition and insulin and GLP‐1 secretory activity from BRIN‐BD11 and GLUTag cells, respectively. The BPH and SGID samples, caused a dose‐dependent increase (4.2 to 5.3‐fold, P < 0.001) in insulin secretion from BRIN‐BD11 cells and inhibited DPP‐IV activity (IC50 1.18 ± 0.04 and 1.21 ± 0.04 mg mL−1), respectively. The SGID sample produced a 1.3‐fold (P < 0.01) increase in GLP‐1 secretion. An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was conducted in healthy mice (n = 8), with or without BPH (50 mg/kg bodyweight). BPH mediated an increase in plasma insulin levels (AUC(0–120 min), P < 0.05) and a consequent reduction in blood glucose concentration (P < 0.01), after OGTT in mice versus controls. The BPH showed potent anti‐diabetic actions in cells and improved glucose tolerance in mice.
Discrimination of pork/chicken adulteration in minced mutton by electronic taste system
Authors: Tian Xiaojing , Wang Jun , Shen Ruiqian , Ma Zhongren , Li Mingsheng 
Published: October 2018

SummaryThe adulteration of minced mutton was studied by an electronic taste system with cross‐sensitive sensor array, providing a global liquid and taste perception to soluble flavour compounds in meat. The responses of taste sensors to adulterated mutton were collected, and analysed by multivariate data analysis methods. For discrimination of meat species and adulterated mutton with different content of pork/chicken, canonical discriminant analysis (CDA) and bayes discriminant analysis (BDA) and principle component analysis (PCA) were employed. The PCA and CDA results showed that meat of different species could be distinguished by E‐tongue responses. The CDA and BDA results showed effective classification results. For prediction of pork/chicken content in adulterated mutton, Multiple linear regression (MLR), Partial least square analysis (PLS) and Least Squares Support Vector Machines (LS‐SVM) were used, and the results were compared, finding that LS‐SVM was proved to be the most effective method for the prediction of pork/chicken content.
Consumers’ attitude towards food by‐products: the influence of food technology neophobia, education and information
Authors: Cattaneo Camilla , Lavelli Vera , Proserpio Cristina , Laureati Monica , Pagliarini Ella 
Published: October 2018

SummaryThe aim of the present study was to investigate how food technology neophobia level, socio‐economic variables and information about novel foods and technologies may affect consumers’ attitude towards uses of food by‐products in relation to positive effects on environment and consumers’ health. Results suggested that education and, most of all food technology neophobia and information, can be critical factors in facilitating the widespread adoption of new food technologies. Moreover, positive attitudes towards food by‐products were found, even in people characterised by a greater food neophobia and lower education level. These positive attitudes could be considered a starting point for the food industry to design novel recycling strategies of food by‐products in the perspective of the circular economy.
Investigation into the potential of commercially available lesser mealworm (A. diaperinus) protein to serve as sources of peptides with DPP‐IV inhibitory activity
Authors: Lacroix Isabelle M. E. , Dávalos Terán Irene , Fogliano Vincenzo , Wichers Harry J. 
Published: October 2018

SummaryFood‐derived peptides are known to possess inhibitory activity against the dipeptidyl‐peptidase IV (DPP‐IV) enzyme, a target in the management of type 2 diabetes. While proteins from commonly consumed food commodities have been investigated as precursors of DPP‐IV‐inhibiting peptides, studies on novel protein sources, such as those from insects, are sparse. This research aimed to determine if DPP‐IV inhibitors can be generated upon in vitro digestion or enzymatic hydrolysis of lesser mealworm protein isolate and concentrate. Treatment of the proteins with digestive enzymes and proteases generated hydrolysates with varying potency, thermolysin being the most effective at releasing active peptides (IC50 = 0.63 and 0.60 mg mL−1 for the isolate and concentrate). Ultrafiltration of the thermolysin‐treated hydrolysates did not significantly improve the potency. This study shows that DPP‐IV inhibitors can be generated from lesser mealworm protein and provides insight on the potential of insects to serve as functional food ingredients.
Purification and identification of rice bran (Oryza sativa L.) phenolic compounds with in‐vitro antioxidant and antidiabetic activity using macroporous resins
Authors: Aalim Halah , Belwal Tarun , Wang Youyong , Luo Zisheng , Hu Juwu 
Published: October 2018

SummaryThis study was designed to establish an efficient purification method for phenolic compounds from rice bran and to acquire insightful knowledge of purification impact on its chemical constituents, antioxidant and antidiabetic activity. Among the eight macroporous resins investigated, HPD‐300 resin was verified to bosses superior adsorption and desorption qualities for the extract. Purification parameters were optimised. Eighteen phenolic compounds were identified using HPLC‐PDA, the contents of ferulic acid and syringaldehyde were significantly (P < 0.05) higher than the other constituents. However, phenolic compounds concentrations varied significantly (P < 0.05) after HPD‐300 resin purification. In addition, the extract exhibited a significant (P < 0.05) increase in total flavonoid contents, in vitro antioxidant (DPPH and FRAP) and antidiabetic (α‐glucosidase and BSA‐glycation inhibition) activity after HPD‐300 resin treatment. These findings indicate that selection of resin and applying optimal purification condition is an appropriate economical approach for obtaining bioactive phenolic compounds from rice bran.
Droit formel ou droit effectif? Pourquoi et comment mesurer l'intensité des dispositifs mis en place pour assurer l'application de la législation
Authors: KANBUR Ravi , RONCONI Lucas 
Published: October 2018

RésuméL'écart entre le droit et sa réalisation est bien analysé sur le plan théorique. Dans les travaux empiriques, faute de données appropriées, on continue pourtant de se fonder sur les règles formelles pour évaluer l'effet du droit du travail et dénoncer son caractère préjudiciable le cas échéant. Dans ce contexte, les auteurs proposent d'utiliser, en complément, des mesures de l'intensité des dispositifs de contrôle et de sanction. Ces mesures, disponibles pour tous les pays quasiment, font apparaître une corrélation négative entre rigueur du droit et intensité du dispositif répressif, et un nouvel indicateur du droit effectif permet d'infirmer les conclusions des études précédentes.
Estabilidad laboral en Europa a lo largo del ciclo económico
Authors: BACHMANN Ronald , FELDER Rahel 
Published: October 2018

ResumenEn este artículo se investiga la evolución de la antigüedad en el empleo durante el periodo de 2002 a 2012 según los microdatos de la Encuesta de Población Activa de la UE. Se observa un leve aumento de la antigüedad media al nivel de la UE como consecuencia del despido masivo de trabajadores temporales durante la crisis. Los cambios en la composición demográfica de la población ocupada revelan una tendencia negativa subyacente en la antigüedad media. La evolución de la antigüedad es heterogénea en el seno de la UE, lo que señala la importancia del marco institucional y, en particular, de la legislación de protección del empleo.
Diabetes screening among active tuberculosis patients in Western Australia Tuberculosis Control Program using HbA1c
Authors: Lu Cheng L. , Perera Ruad , Farrah Hussein , Waring Justin 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBackgroundDiabetes mellitus is an important risk factor for tuberculosis (TB), and studies in high TB burden countries have shown diabetes screening to be both feasible and to have a high yield. However, scarce information is available for low TB burden countries. Diabetes screening was previously not part of our routine practice.AimTo screen and determine the prevalence of diabetes in the Western Australian Tuberculosis Control Program.MethodsWe measured HbA1c and random plasma glucose in patients with active TB. We also collected details on their demographics, TB and diabetes.ResultsA total of 105 patients was recruited over a year. Of those, 17 (16.2%) had diabetes. Seven cases (6.7%) were newly diagnosed diabetics. Age, cavitating disease and family history of diabetes were found to be significantly associated with diabetes. Multilobar disease, gender, body mass index, smear and culture positivity were not significantly different between groups.ConclusionOur study showed high prevalence of diabetes among active TB patients. Diabetes screening at diagnosis of active TB presents as a good opportunity to detect diabetes even in low prevalence country and has become part of our standard care.
Content analysis of nursing diagnoses in mental health records in Portugal
Authors: Gonçalves P.D.B. , Sequeira C.A.C. , e Silva M.A.T.C.P. 
Published: October 2018

AimsTo identify the diagnoses documented by nurses in Portugal to describe the nursing needs within the scope of mental health nursing and the main problems in documenting these needs.Background/IntroductionThe diagnosis process is an essential step in nursing care planning. This process should be carried out by nurses in a rigorous and standardized manner, in order to ensure quality practices and to obtain indicators that can increase the visibility of nursing care.A descriptive study combining1. quantitative content analysis of nursing diagnosis records written by nurses working in 39 psychiatry departments of the Portuguese National Health Service, and 2. An focus group meeting with 14 nurses exploring the results of first study phase. Qualitative and quantitative data were analysed by content analysis.FindingsThe 2014 initial diagnosis records were systematized into 78 final diagnostic categories, which may represent the most relevant diagnoses in the field of mental health nursing in Portugal. The main problems found in the diagnostic identification by nurses included lack of a standardized language; confusion between nursing diagnoses and focus areas and identification of incongruent clinical judgements.Discussion/ConclusionThe changes observed in the fields of behaviour, emotions and psychological process correspond to the largest concentration of nursing diagnoses and challenges in Portugal. This study revealed the lack of standardized language used by nurses in defining diagnoses. The problems identified in the diagnoses documentation suggest that more training in this area is needed.Nursing ImplicationsThis study provides information on the most relevant diagnoses in the area of mental health nursing in Portugal and may offer an important contribution towards improving nursing informatics systems and care to patients by means of standardization of language used in diagnosis definitions.Implication for Nursing PoliciesThe standardization of language used by mental health nurses may contribute towards producing health indicators that provides evidence to policymakers about the contribution made by nursing care towards improved population health.
Crickets increase sexual signalling and sperm protection but live shorter in the presence of rivals
Authors: Noguera José C. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe sociosexual environment animals experience through their life can shape the evolution of key life history traits, including longevity. Male–male competition, for instance, may influence the resources allocated to traits involved in male reproductive success. Here, I test whether lifelong exposure to a competitor male influences male investment in pre‐ and post‐copulatory sexual traits (calling effort and sperm quality) and how this affected the oxidative status and longevity of male field crickets (Gryllus bimaculatus). As expected, the visual exposure to a mating competitor promoted a higher calling effort in the male crickets but resulted in a decline in the haemolymph antioxidant content. The haemolymph antioxidant content negatively covaried with the antioxidant content of the sperm but interestingly, only when the males were exposed to a competitor. This suggests that when mating competition is high, males may prioritize sperm antioxidant protection against somatic maintenance. Finally, I provide evidence that male–male competition imposes additional costs to reproduction, as males exposed to a mating competitor lost a significant proportion of body antioxidant defences and body mass over time and in long term, had a reduced lifespan. Overall, this study strongly suggests that intrasexual competition may impose additional oxidative costs during reproduction for males, with negative consequences on lifespan. Moreover, the results highlight the role of oxidative stress as a physiological mechanism underlying the trade‐off between reproduction‐longevity and through which sexual selection may contribute to the evolution of senescence patterns.
A Non‐Flagellated Member of the Myxogastria and Expansion of the Echinosteliida
Authors: Fiore‐Donno Anna Maria , Tice Alexander K. , Brown Matthew W. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractMyxogastria (also called Myxomycetes or plasmodial slime‐moulds) are mostly known through their usually conspicuous fruiting bodies. Another unifying trait is the presence of a facultative flagellate stage along with the obligate amoeboid stage. Here we show with two‐gene phylogenies (SSU rRNA and EF‐1alpha genes) that the incertae sedis, non‐flagellate Echinosteliopsis oligospora belongs to the dark‐spore clade (Fuscisporidia) of the Myxogastria. In addition, we confirm that Echinostelium bisporum, firstly described as a protostelid, belongs to the Echinosteliida, which are divided into three major clades and are paraphyletic to the remaining Fuscisporidia.
Reduction in maternal serum values of glucose and gamma‐glutamyltransferase after supplementation with alpha‐lipoic acid in women with gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Aslfalah Hadise , Jamilian Mehri , Rafiei Fatemeh , Khosrowbeygi Ali 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAimAlpha‐lipoic acid (ALA) is a short chain fatty acid which has a key role in energy production. ALA is also known as a universal antioxidant. The aim of the present study was to explore the effects of ALA supplementation in women with gestational diabetes mellitus.MethodsA randomized double‐blind placebo‐controlled clinical trial study was designed. Women with gestational diabetes mellitus (n = 60) during 24–28 weeks of gestation were selected and divided randomly into drug (n = 30) and placebo (n = 30) groups. Drug group supplemented with ALA (100 mg/day) for 8 weeks. The biochemical markers were measured before and after the intervention and considered significant at a P‐value less than 0.05.ResultsMaternal circulating values of fasting blood sugar (P < 0.001), gamma‐glutamyltransferase (P < 0.001) and alanine transaminase (P = 0.031) were decreased in the drug group after the intervention. However, values of urea, creatinine, uric acid, aspartate transaminase and alkaline phosphatase were not changed significantly after the trial.ConclusionThe present study has shown that supplementation with 100 mg/day of ALA had some beneficial effects on glucose metabolism and liver function in women with gestational diabetes mellitus.