bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Circulating blood cells influence the fibrinolytic capacity of clots generated in the presence of detergent sclerosants
Authors: Li Tom , Connor David , Parsi Kurosh 
Published: July 2019

Objectives To investigate the effects of sodium tetradecyl sulphate and polidocanol on fibrinolytic potential of sclerosant-incubated clots. Methods Serial dilutions of sodium tetradecyl sulphate and polidocanol were incubated with platelet poor plasma and whole blood samples. Rotational thromboelastometry was used to determine the lysis of sclerosant-incubated clots in whole blood. Fibrin generation and fibrinolysis were quantified using an overall haemostatic potential assay on platelet poor plasma. Results Rotational thromboelastometry analysis of whole blood revealed increased maximum lysis in the presence of sodium tetradecyl sulphate but decreased maximum lysis at low concentrations of polidocanol. Clots generated using platelet poor plasma in the overall haemostatic potential assay demonstrated no significant change in fibrinolysis for both sclerosants at all concentrations measured. Discussion Sodium tetradecyl sulphate and polidocanol produce differing effects on the fibrinolytic potential depending on sample type and concentration. In whole blood, sodium tetradecyl sulphate produces clots more sensitive to lysis while polidocanol produced fibrinolytic-resistant clots.
Validation of radiologists’ findings by computer-aided detection (CAD) software in breast cancer detection with automated 3D breast ultrasound: a concept study in implementation of artificial intelligence software
Authors: van Zelst Jan CM , Tan Tao , Mann Ritse M , Karssemeijer Nico 
Published: July 2019

Background Computer-aided detection software for automated breast ultrasound has been shown to have potential in improving the accuracy of radiologists. Alternative ways of implementing computer-aided detection, such as independent validation or preselecting suspicious cases, might also improve radiologists’ accuracy. Purpose To investigate the effect of using computer-aided detection software to improve the performance of radiologists by validating findings reported by radiologists during screening with automated breast ultrasound. Material and Methods Unilateral automated breast ultrasound exams were performed in 120 women with dense breasts that included 60 randomly selected normal exams, 30 exams with benign lesions, and 30 malignant cases (20 mammography-negative). Eight radiologists were instructed to detect breast cancer and rate lesions using BI-RADS and level-of-suspiciousness scores. Computer-aided detection software was used to check the validity of radiologists' findings. Findings found negative by computer-aided detection were not included in the readers’ performance analysis; however, the nature of these findings were further analyzed. The area under the curve and the partial area under the curve for an interval in the range of 80%–100% specificity before and after validation of computer-aided detection were compared. Sensitivity was computed for all readers at a simulation of 90% specificity. Results Partial AUC improved significantly from 0.126 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.098–0.153) to 0.142 (95% CI = 0.115–0.169) ( P = 0.037) after computer-aided detection rejected mostly benign lesions and normal tissue scored BI-RADS 3 or 4. The full areas under the curve (0.823 vs. 0.833, respectively) were not significantly different ( P = 0.743). Four cancers detected by readers were completely missed by computer-aided detection and four other cancers were detected by both readers and computer-aided detection but falsely rejected due to technical limitations of our implementation of computer-aided detection validation. In this study, validation of computer-aided detection discarded 42.6% of findings that were scored BI-RADS ≥3 by the radiologists, of which 85.5% were non-malignant findings. Conclusion Validation of radiologists’ findings using computer-aided detection software for automated breast ultrasound has the potential to improve the performance of radiologists. Validation of computer-aided detection might be an efficient tool for double-reading strategies by limiting the amount of discordant cases needed to be double-read.
Identification of genetic variations in Necator americanus through resequencing by whole genome amplification
Authors: Liu Yumei , Liu Hongxuan , Xie Yuefeng , Zhang Baohuan , Zou Xiaoqian , Ou Meiling , Ye Xiaohong , Han Yajing , Wu Jing , Chen Xiaojing , Dong Shirui , Zhu Kehui , Guo Congcong , Wang Penghua , Zhai Hening , Jing Chunxia , Yang Guang 
Published: July 2019

Objective To describe a new strategy for the whole genome resequencing of small parasite samples. Methods Whole genome resequencing was based on a multiple displacement amplification (MDA) method. Sequencing reads were aligned with the reference genome, and a Bayesian model was used to calculate genotype probabilities. De novo genome assembly was conducted, and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were detected. Gene ontology (GO) analysis was used to determine connections between SNPs and genes. Results In total, 64.12% of the parasite genome sequence was mapped to Necator americanus. fa, and 125,553 SNPs were detected. GO analysis revealed that most SNPs in coding regions were probably associated with common drug targets. Conclusion These results reveal the feasibility of a new strategy to detect genetic variations of small parasites. This study also provides a proof-of-principle for the molecular classification and epidemiological analysis of other parasites.
Use of eggshell-derived nano-hydroxyapatite as novel bone graft substitute–A randomized controlled clinical study
Authors: Kattimani Vivekanand , Lingamaneni Krishna Prasad , Yalamanchili Samatha , Mupparapu Muralidhar 
Published: July 2019

Background Use of various bone graft substitutes are advised to prevent bone loss, periodontal problems, and enhance bone formation after surgical removal of the mandibular third molar. Choice of graft substitute depends on biological properties and the cost of the material. So, a preliminary study was planned to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of eggshell-derived nano-hydroxyapatite as an emerging graft substitute for the enhancement of bone regeneration. Materials and methods Twelve patients (out of 20 enrolled) were finally assessed for bone healing after surgical removal of bilateral mandibular third molars in a split-mouth randomized controlled clinical study. All of them were assessed and compared at baseline, first, third, and sixth month. Clinically wound healing and probing depth were assessed. Radiographically the changes in density, bone formation characteristics, and bone level were evaluated. The observers were blinded for the surgical procedure and follow-up duration. The study protocol was approved by Institutional Ethics Committee and registered with National clinical trial registry. Results Wound healing was uneventful in all 24 extraction sites of 12 patients. Trabecular bone pattern with increased bone density was observed indicating complete bone healing in the graft group at third month. Probing depth was gradually decreased over a follow-up period and remained within normal limits during the third-month follow-up. These changes in the graft group were significant compared to the control group. The grafting with eggshell-derived nano-hydroxyapatite showed better bone regeneration properties without any infection or undue reactions. Conclusion Eggshell-derived nano-hydroxyapatite showed enhancement of bone regeneration compared to the control group. Grafting maintained bone height and prevented periodontal problem emergence. Eggshell-derived nano-hydroxyapatite is a safe synthetic graft substitute because it is derived from eggshell without any diseases transfer risks, unlike allografts. The process of preparation is environment-friendly. The beneficial effects of eggshell-derived nano-hydroxyapatite may be extrapolated to develop an ideal economic graft substitute.
Novel missense alleles of SIGMAR1 as tools to understand emerin-dependent gene silencing in response to cocaine
Authors: Arun Adith S , Eddings Chelsy R , Wilson Katherine L 
Published: July 2019

Sigma-1 receptor (Sigma1R; SIGMAR1), an integral membrane protein of the endoplasmic reticulum and nuclear envelope, has a hydrophobic drug-binding pocket that binds with high affinity to addictive drugs (cocaine, methamphetamine) and therapeutics used to treat a wide spectrum of neurological disorders. Cocaine enhances Sigma1R association with three nuclear lamina proteins (emerin, lamin A/C, BANF1), causing Sigma1R-dependent and emerin-dependent recruitment and transcriptional repression of a gene, MAOB1, involved in dopamine removal from neural synapses. The mechanism of Sigma1R association with emerin and the molecular impact of cocaine on their association are unknown. Mutations in Sigma1R, as a proposed regulator or mis-regulator of the nuclear lamina, have the potential to alter nuclear lamina function in brain or other tissues. We examined the frequency of SIGMAR1 missense alleles among 60,706 unrelated individuals in the ExAC database. We identified two novel SIGMAR1 missense variants of particular interest due to their frequency and potential to impact molecular association with emerin or other nuclear lamina proteins. Variant p.Q2P was widespread in ExAC (overall allele frequency 18.4%) with broad ethnic distribution among non-Finnish Europeans, Africans, South Asians, Latinx (allele frequencies ∼15% to 23%), and East Asians (∼38%). The p.R208W allele was identified in ∼0.78% of individuals overall with enrichment in Africans, Latinx, and East Asians (∼1.9–2.9%). These and other novel Sigma1R variants provide tools for future studies to determine the molecular basis of Sigma1R association with emerin and the mechanism of nuclear lamina misregulation by cocaine and potentially other Sigma1R agonists. Impact statement The Sigma-1 Receptor (Sigma1R; SIGMAR1) binds neuroactive drugs—both therapeutic and addictive—and associates with the nuclear membrane protein emerin and its partners lamin A/C and BANF1 in response to cocaine, through unknown mechanisms. We identified two novel SIGMAR1 missense variants of special interest due to their prevalence in human populations and their potential to perturb Sigma1R function at the nuclear envelope. Despite its importance in physiology and pharmacology, many aspects of Sigma1R including its membrane topology are unclear. Our findings lay the foundation for future molecular studies to understand how Sigma1R associates with emerin, lamin A/C, and BANF1 and manipulates their activity in response to agonist.
Clinical Work Intensity Among Medical Oncologists Practicing in National Community Oncology Research Program Community Sites
Authors: Hudson Matthew F. , O’Rourke Mark A. , Blackhurst Dawn W. , Caldwell Jennifer , Horner Ronnie D. 
Published: July 2019

PURPOSE: This study (1) assesses the level of clinical work intensity medical oncologists and oncologic nurse practitioners experience providing care and (2) identifies patient, provider, and practice factors mediating intensity. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Seventeen medical oncologists (12 physicians and five nurse practitioners) from five national sites national reported on the level of work intensity associated with 339 patient visits. Data collection at each site occurred over a 2- to 6 week period; for each provider, five visits were randomly selected from each of 4 randomly selected clinic days, yielding 20 visits per provider. Intensity was measured by the NASA–Task Load Index. Patient and visit characteristics were abstracted from the medical record; provider characteristics were self-reported by questionnaire. RESULTS: Clinical work intensity increased monotonically with level of service and was greatest when the visit involved discussion of either chemotherapy or terminal prognosis. Provider characteristics (including age, sex, and years of experience) were unrelated to intensity. Dimensions of work intensity that correlated directly with level of service included mental, physical, and temporal demand; effort; frustration; and stress. Perceptions of performance and of satisfaction with the visit were unrelated to level of service. Visits related to chemotherapy had greater mental, physical, and temporal demand, and effort, but worse perception of performance. When the visit involved a discussion of a terminal prognosis, greater intensity was reflected in all dimensions; stress was also greater, whereas visit satisfaction was significantly lower. CONCLUSION: Clinical work intensity increases with level of service provided and is greater for visits involving discussion of either terminal prognosis or chemotherapy.
PLIN2 Functions as a Novel Link between Progesterone Signaling and Metabolism in Uterine Leiomyoma Cells
Authors: Okeigwe Ijeoma , Bulun Serdar , Liu Shimeng , Rademaker Alfred W , Coon V John S , Kujawa Stacy , Robins Jared , Yin Ping 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Context
Uterine leiomyoma (fibroids) are the most common tumors in women. Recently, perilipin-2 (PLIN2) was identified as a critical target gene of the progesterone receptor; however, its function in the pathogenesis of fibroids is unknown.

Objective
To determine the function of PLIN2 in leiomyoma cells

Design
Tissue and primary cells from leiomyoma and myometrium were analyzed. PLIN2 function in leiomyoma was assessed using siRNA. RNA-sequencing was performed to identify genome-wide effects of PLIN2 depletion. Metabolic activity was measured using the Seahorse XF96 Analyzer. Real-time qPCR and immunoblotting were also performed.

Setting
Laboratory

Patients or Other Participants
. 41 premenopausal women undergoing surgery for fibroids

Intervention(s)
None

Main Outcome Measure(s)
Gene expression, oxygen consumption rate (OCR), extracellular acidification rate (ECAR), and cell proliferation

Results
PLIN2 gene expression was 2.4-fold lower in leiomyoma compared to adjacent myometrium, suggesting a link between PLIN2 deficiency and fibroids. 3877 genes were differentially expressed after PLIN2 knockdown. Gene Ontology analysis identified metabolism as the second highest biological process affected by PLIN2 depletion (P=1.6E-10). OCR (mitochondrial respiration) and ECAR (glycolysis) were significantly upregulated after PLIN2 knockdown; PLIN2 depleted cells had greater basal metabolic activity (P<.0001) and a higher metabolic stress response (P<.0001). Cell proliferation was also significantly increased after PLIN2 knockdown (P<.05).

Conclusions
PLIN2 depletion increases mitochondrial respiration and glycolysis, suggesting that PLIN2 is a critical regulator of metabolic function in leiomyoma cells. PLIN2 deficiency also reprograms leiomyoma cells to a pro-proliferative phenotype. These findings introduce metabolomics as a novel area to explore to better understand leiomyoma tumorigenesis.
Challenges to the performance of current HIV diagnostic assays and the need for centralized specimen archives: a review of the Consortium for the Evaluation and Performance of HIV Incidence Assays (CEPHIA) repository
Authors: Facente Shelley N. , Busch Michael P. , Grebe Eduard , Pilcher Christopher D. , Welte Alex , Rice Brian , Murphy Gary 
Published: July 2019

Background: New challenges for diagnosis of HIV infection abound, including the impact on key viral and immunological markers of HIV vaccine studies, pre-exposure prophylaxis usage and breakthrough infections, and very early initiation of anti-retroviral treatment. These challenges impact the performance of current diagnostic assays, and require suitable specimens for development and evaluation. In this article we review and describe an archive developed by the Consortium for the Evaluation and Performance of HIV Incidence Assays (CEPHIA), in order to identify the critical features required to create a centralized specimen archive to support these current and future developments. Review and Findings: We review and describe the CEPHIA repository, a large, consolidated repository comprised of over 31,000 highly-selected plasma samples and other body fluid specimen types, with over 50 purposely designed specimen panels distributed to 19 groups since 2012. The CEPHIA repository provided financial return on investment, supported the standardization of HIV incidence assays, and informed guidance and standards set by the World Health Organization and UNAIDS. Unified data from extensively characterized specimens has allowed this resource to support biomarker discovery, assay optimization, and development of new strategies for estimating duration of HIV infection. Critical features of a high-value repository include 1) extensively-characterized samples, 2) high-quality clinical background data, 3) multiple collaborations facilitating ongoing sample replenishment, and 4) sustained history of high-level specimen utilization. Conclusion: With strong governance and leadership, a large consolidated archive of samples from multiple studies provides investigators and assay developers with easy access to diverse samples designed to address challenges associated with HIV diagnosis, helping to enable improvements to HIV diagnostic assays and ultimately elimination of HIV. Its creation and ongoing utilization should compel funders, institutions and researchers to address and improve upon current approaches to sharing specimens.
Is there an association between cutaneous leishmaniasis and skin cancer? A systematic review
Authors: Carrillo-Larco Rodrigo M. , Acevedo-Rodriguez J. Gonzalo , Altez-Fernandez Carlos , Ortiz-Acha Karol , Ugarte-Gil Cesar 
Published: July 2019

Background: Cutaneous leishmaniasis is a prevalent communicable disease in low- and middle-income countries, where non-communicable diseases like skin cancer are on the rise. However, the study of multi-morbidity or co-morbidity between communicable and non-communicable diseases is limited, and even null for some tropical or neglected diseases. Nevertheless, looking at these conditions together instead of as isolated entities in places where these illnesses exist, could show new prevention and treatment paths. We aimed to summarize and critically appraise the epidemiological evidence on the association between cutaneous leishmaniasis and skin cancer. Methods: Following the PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a systematic review using five search engines (Embase, Medline, Global Health, Scopus and Web of Science). We sought observational studies in which the outcome was skin cancer whilst the exposure was cutaneous leishmaniasis; these conditions should have had laboratory or pathology confirmation. Results: No epidemiological investigations have studied the association between cutaneous leishmaniasis and skin cancer. Most of the evidence about the association of interest is still based on case reports and other clinical observations rather than strong epidemiological observational studies. Conclusions: Research is much needed to verify the repeatedly clinical observation that cutaneous leishmaniasis may be a risk factor for skin cancer. This evidence could inform and guide early diagnosis or prevention of skin cancer in survivors of cutaneous leishmaniasis or where cutaneous leishmaniasis is still highly prevalent. Registration: PROSPERO ID CRD42018111230; registered on 16/10/18.
Pengaruh Metode Token Economy Terhadap Motivasi Belajar Matematika Peserta Didik Kelas III B MI Ma’arif Giriloyo 2
Authors: Fadzila Dina Ayu 
Published: July 2019

Tujuan dari penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui: 1) pengaruh metode token economy terhadap motivasi belajar matematika peserta didik kelas III B MI Ma’arif Giriloyo 2. 2) sumbangan pengaruh metode token economy terhadap motivasi belajar matematika peserta didik kelas III B MI Ma’arif Giriloyo 2.Variabel yang diukur yaitu token economy bentuk observasi behavior checklist dan motivasi belajar matematika peserta didik kelas III B MI Ma’arif Giriloyo 2. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen semu (quasi eksperiment). Populasi dan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas III B MI Ma’arif Giriloyo 2, penelitian ini termasuk penelitian populasi karena hanya terdapat satu kelas eksperimen. Pada penelitian ini, pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, angket dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis regresi linier sederhana.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: 1) terdapat pengaruh antara penggunaan metode token economy terhadap motivasi belajar matematika peserta didik kelas III B MI Ma’arif Giriloyo 2 yang ditunjukkan dengan nilai P sebesar 0,036 dan 0,001 atau P < 0,05. Artinya, H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima. Pengaruh positif ini menunjukkan nilai token economy meningkat maka motivasi belajar matematika meningkat. Dan 2) sumbangan pengaruh metode token economy terhadap motivasi belajar peserta didik kelas III B MI Ma’arif Giriloyo 2 sebesar 0,484 atau 48,4% ditunjukkan dalam kolom R square (R2). Sedangkan sisanya sebesar 51,6 % disebabkan oleh faktor lain yang tidak disertakan dalam penelitian ini.
Hubungan Kompetensi Sosial Guru Dengan Interaksi Edukatif Dalam Perspektif Peserta Didik
Authors: Amin Amannasrullah 
Published: July 2019

Teachers as educators are required to have social competence. Therefore, teachers should be able to establish good communication with students, parents, neighbor, and co-worker's. In the meantime, educational interaction belief in good communication skills from teachers with students. However, no research has been done in person about the teachers social competence relationship with students educational interaction in the academic perspective. This study/research was meants to reveal: 1) How high are teachers sosial competence at SDIT Salsabila 3. 2) How strong are students educational interaction at SDIT Salsabila 3. 3) The teachers relationship with students educational interaction. And this is quantitative research. The research method used was the correlation study. The population is requested class SDIT Salsabila 3. The sampling technique used is sample. It's mean the entire population is sampled. The primary data collection uses an angket or questionnaire that has been validates by experts. Secondary data collection uses interviews, observations, and documentations. Angular data calculated using parametric statistics to get the desired data, and the prerequisite analysis was then performed using the Kolmogorof-Smirnov. After a prerequisite analysis was done, a hypothetical test was done using the product moment correlation technique. The study/research shows that the teachers social competence at SDIT Salsabila 3 the majority is the medium category. And the result of the students educational interaction of SDIT Salsabila 3 the majority in a sufficient/moderate category. This research shows a positive relationship between the teachers social competence to students educational interaction. Using a product moment testing technique helped with the SPSS 22.00 calculations program, has a coefficient correlation of 0,777. It's mean the link between the teachers social competence to students educational interaction is strong