bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An actin nucleation complex catalyzes filament formation at sites of exocytosis
Authors: Glomb Oliver , Wu Yehui , Rieger Lucia , Rüthnick Diana , Mulaw Medhanie , Johnsson Nils 
Published: July 2019

AbstractDue to the local enrichment of factors that influence its formation, dynamics, and organization, the actin cytoskeleton displays different shapes and functions within the same cell. In yeast cells post-Golgi vesicles ride on long actin cables to the bud tip. The scaffold proteins Boi1 and Boi2 participate in tethering and docking these vesicles to the plasma membrane. Here we show that Boi1/2 also recruit nucleation and elongation factors to form actin filaments at sites of exocytosis. Disrupting the physical connection between Boi1/2 and the nucleation factor Bud6 impairs filament formation in the bud, reduces the directed movement of the vesicles to the tip, and shortens their tethering time at the cortex. Artificially transplanting Boi1 from the bud tip to the peroxisomal membrane partially redirects the actin cytoskeleton and the vesicular flow towards the peroxisome, and creates an alternative, rudimentary vesicle-docking zone. We conclude that Boi1/2 is sufficient to induce the formation of a cortical actin structure that receives and aligns incoming vesicles before fusing with the membrane.
Gene discoveries in autism are biased towards comorbidity with intellectual disability
Authors: Jensen Matthew , Smolen Corrine , Girirajan Santhosh 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAutism typically presents with a highly heterogeneous set of features, including frequent comorbidity with intellectual disability (ID). The overlap between these two phenotypes has confounded the accurate diagnosis and discovery of genetic factors associated with autism. We analyzed genetic variants in 2,290 individuals with autism from the Simons Simplex Collection (SSC) who have either ID or normal cognitive function to determine whether genes associated with autism also contribute towards ID comorbidity. We found that individuals who carried variants in a set of 173 reported autism-associated genes showed decreased IQ (p=5.49×10−6) and increased autism severity (p=0.013) compared with individuals without such variants. A subset of autism-associated genes also showed strong evidence for ID comorbidity in published case reports. We also found that individuals with high-functioning autism (IQ>100) had lower frequencies of CNVs (p=0.065) and LGD variants (p=0.021) compared with individuals who manifested both autism and ID (IQ<70). These data indicated thatde novoLGD variants conferred a 1.53-fold higher risk (p=0.035) towards comorbid ID, while LGD mutations specifically disrupting autism-associated genes conferred a 4.85-fold increased risk (p=0.011) for comorbid ID. Furthermore,de novoLGD variants in individuals with high-functioning autism were more likely to disrupt genes with little functional relevance towards neurodevelopment, as demonstrated by evidence from pathogenicity metrics, expression patterns in the developing brain, and mouse model phenotypes. Overall, our data suggest thatde novopathogenic variants disrupting genes associated with autism contribute towards autism and ID comorbidity, while other genetic factors are likely to be causal for high-functioning autism.
MRI Powered and Triggered Current Stimulator for Concurrent Stimulation and MRI
Authors: Mandal Ranajay , Babaria Nishant , Cao Jiayue , Lu Kun-Han , Liu Zhongming 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBioelectric stimulation during concurrent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is of interest to basic and translational studies. However, existing stimulation systems often interfere with MRI, are difficult to use or scale up, have limited efficacy, or cause safety concerns. To address these issues, we present a novel device capable of supplying current stimulation synchronized with MRI while being wirelessly powered by the MRI gradient fields. Results from testing it with phantoms and live animals in a 7 Tesla small-animal MRI system suggest that the device is able to harvest up to 72 (or 18) mW power during typical echo-planar imaging (or fast low angle shot imaging) and usable for stimulating peripheral muscle or nerve to modulate the brain or the gut, with minimal effects on MRI image quality. As a compact and standalone system, the plug-and-play device is suitable for animal research and merits further development for human applications.
Absolute measurement of the tissue origins of cell-free DNA in the healthy state and following paracetamol overdose
Authors: Laurent Danny , Semple Fiona , Starkey Lewis Philip J. , Rose Elaine , Black Holly A. , Forbes Stuart J. , Arends Mark J. , Dear James W. , Aitman Timothy J. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundDespite the emergence of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) as a clinical biomarker in cancer, the tissue origins of cfDNA in healthy individuals have to date been inferred only by indirect and relative measurement methods, such as tissue-specific methylation and nucleosomal profiling.MethodsWe performed the first direct, absolute measurement of the tissue origins of cfDNA, using tissue-specific knockout mouse strains, in both healthy mice and following paracetamol (APAP) overdose. We then investigated the utility of total cfDNA and the percentage of liver-specific cfDNA as clinical biomarkers in patients presenting with APAP overdose.ResultsAnalysis of cfDNA from healthy tissue-specific knockout mice showed that cfDNA originates predominantly from white and red blood cell lineages, with minor contribution from hepatocytes, and no detectable contribution from skeletal and cardiac muscle. Following APAP overdose in mice, total plasma cfDNA and the percentage fraction originating from hepatocytes increased by ~100 and ~19-fold respectively. Total cfDNA increased by an average of more than 236-fold in clinical samples from APAP overdose patients with biochemical evidence of liver injury, and 18-fold in patients without biochemically apparent liver injury. Measurement of liver-specific cfDNA, using droplet digital PCR and methylation analysis, revealed that the contribution of liver to cfDNA was increased by an average of 175-fold in APAP overdose patients with biochemically apparent liver injury compared to healthy subjects, but was not increased in overdose patients with normal liver function tests.ConclusionsWe present a novel method for measurement of the tissue origins of cfDNA in healthy and disease states and demonstrate the potential of cfDNA as a clinical biomarker in APAP overdose.
The Anadromous Hickory Shad (Clupeiformes: Clupeidae, Alosa mediocris [Mitchill 1814]): Morphometric and Meristic Variation
Authors: Smith Jordan P. , Brewer Michael S. , Rulifson Roger A. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe anadromous Hickory Shad Alosa mediocris (Mitchill, 1814) (Clupeiformes: Clupeidae) is reviewed, specifically regarding morphometric and meristic variation. Despite its long history as recognized species, few descriptions of Hickory Shad morphometric and meristic characters exist in the literature. Most authors of the historic literature have failed to provide capture location for specimens, analyze large numbers of Hickory Shad, or document how morphometric and meristic characters of the species vary spatially. To address this information gap, a total of 717 mature Hickory Shad were collected from 23 different locations in Maryland, Delaware, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, and Florida using electroshocking, gill net, or rod and reel. All specimens were frozen, thawed, and 17 morphometric characters and four meristic characters were examined; a random subset (n = 463) were analyzed for an additional four meristic counts of gill rakers. Overall specimens ranged from 206-389 mm SL with a mean + SD of 278.41 + 27.69 mm, 232-435 mm FL with a mean of 310.98 + 30.35 mm, and 272-508 mm TL with a mean of 365.62 + 35.52 mm. The linear relationships between FL and TL, and FL and SL, were investigated and found to be: TL = 1.169*FL + 1.660 (n=705, r2=0.995) and SL = 0.909*FL - 4.274 (n=717, r2=0.992). Substantial differences in character means for many morphometric measurements were found between male and female specimens, suggesting strong sexual dimorphisms relating to shape. However, meristic characters did not show differences in character means by sex. No one morphometric measurement could distinguish Hickory Shad from other morphologically similar clupeids, but the meristic count of gill rakers on the lower limb of the first arch were important to separate Hickory Shad (19-22) from American Shad A. sapidissima (Wilson, 1811), Alewife A. pseudoharengus (Wilson, 1811), and Blueback Herring A. aestivalis (Mitchill, 1814).
Improving the hot corrosion resistance of boiler tube steels by detonation gun sprayed coatings in actual boiler of thermal power plant
Authors: Singh Vikramjit , Goyal Khushdeep , Goyal Rakesh 
Published: July 2019

PurposeThis paper aims to investigate the hot corrosion behavior of Ni-Cr and Cr3C2-NiCr coatings, deposited on T11, P91 boiler steels by detonation gun spray coating (D-Gun) process to enhance high temperature corrosion resistance.Design/methodology/approachHot corrosion studies were conducted in secondary super heater zone of boiler at 900 °C for 10 cycles on bare and D-Gun coated steel specimens. The microhardness and porosity values of as-sprayed coatings were measured before exposing the specimens in the boiler environment. Each cycle consisted 100 h of heating in the boiler environment followed by 20 min of cooling in air. The weight change measurements were performed after each cycle to establish the kinetics of corrosion using thermogravimetric technique. X-ray diffraction, SEM techniques were used to analyze the corroded specimens.FindingsUncoated boiler steel experienced higher weight loss. The Cr3C2-NiCr coating was found to be more protective than Ni-Cr coating. The phases revealed the formation of oxide scale on coated specimens, mainly consist of nickel and chromium, which are reported to be protective against the hot corrosion.Originality/valueThere is very limited reported literature on hot corrosion behavior of Ni-Cr and Cr3C2-NiCr coatings deposited on the T11 and P91 substrates by detonation gun (D-gun) spray technique. T11 and P91 alloy steels have been chosen for this study because these two alloys are used to manufacture boiler tubes used in Indian thermal power plants.
Dynamics of stakeholder engagement in mega transport infrastructure projects
Authors: Erkul Mehmet , Yitmen Ibrahim , Celik Tahir 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the practice of stakeholder engagement as a social network dynamics for stakeholder satisfaction and project success in the lifecycle of mega transport infrastructure projects (MTIPs).

Design/methodology/approach
Hypotheses indicating the positive relationships between stakeholders’ effective attributes, stakeholder engagement as social network dynamics and project success through stakeholders’ satisfaction have been developed. Based on a questionnaire survey and semi-structured interviews, responses have been gathered from the representative groups and organizations on their social network dynamics for their satisfaction and project success. A hypothesized structural equation model has been tested using AMOS statistical software package.

Findings
The analysis highlighted the engagement of the stakeholders within the strategic intents of the project with the public needs and expectations. The model depicts the processes of building social network models based on the capturing of the project’s data in relation to the stakeholders’ communication and satisfaction across the key issues for success in the lifecycle of MTIP.

Practical implications
The model is applicable on most MTIP with a diverse stakeholder base and the underlying complexity associated with the community participation and consultation processes. The model will also support wider stakeholder engagement in the planning of MTIP with optimal operationalization and service delivery from a community perspective.

Originality/value
The research involves an approach for rationalizing the stakeholder engagement policies of the MTIPs by providing an empirically grounded model simultaneously linking various aspects of stakeholder effective attributes, stakeholder engagement and their relationships to stakeholder satisfaction and project success in MTIPs.
Overcoming the monetization challenge in freemium online games
Authors: Beltagui Ahmad , Schmidt Thomas , Candi Marina , Roberts Deborah Lynn 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
Online games based on a freemium business model face the monetization challenge. The purpose of this paper is to examine how players’ achievement orientation, social orientation and sense of community contribute to willingness to pay (WtP).

Design/methodology/approach
A multi-method study of an online game community is used. Interviews and participant observation are used to develop an understanding of social and achievement orientations followed by the development of hypotheses that are tested using survey data.

Findings
The findings indicate that a sense of community is positively related to WtP, whereas satisfaction or dissatisfaction with the service provider is not. The authors examine the moderating role of players’ achievement orientation and social orientation and find that while a stronger connection to the community may encourage achievement-oriented players to pay, the opposite is indicated for socially oriented players.

Practical implications
Decision makers need to understand that not all players are potential payers; while socially oriented users can help to maintain and grow the community, achievement-oriented players are more likely to pay for the value they extract from the community.

Originality/value
While communities are held together by people with common interests, which intuitively suggests that WtP increases with the strength of connection to the community, the authors find this only applies in the case of players with an achievement orientation. For those with a social orientation, WtP may actually decrease as their connection to the community increases. These perhaps counter-intuitive findings constitute a novel contribution of value for both theory and practice.
The impact of implicit vs explicit grammar teaching through scaffolding on Iranian learners’ speaking achievement; focusing on fluency, accuracy, and complexity
Authors: Moeen Ali Akbar , Nejadansari Daryoush , Dabaghi Azizolla 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of teaching grammar through implicit and explicit approach by applying scaffolding technique on learners’ speaking abilities including: accuracy, fluency and complexity.

Design/methodology/approach
To this end, 90 BA students of architecture in Yazd Azad University were selected and homogenized through Oxford Placement Test. They were assigned to three groups each including 30 participants, and took an IELTS speaking as pre-test to ensure that they had the same speaking ability prior to the begging of the experiment. In the course of the study, the first experimental group (EG1) received implicit instruction through scaffolding, and the second experimental group (EG2) was taught through explicit instruction. In contrast, control group did not receive any kind of grammar teaching. After the completion of the treatment, all groups took speaking post-test.

Findings
The results of the study showed that while both explicit and implicit teaching of grammar through scaffolding had a significant impact on learners’ speaking fluency, implicit teaching in comparison with explicit teaching was more significantly effective on learners’ speaking fluency. Similarly, both implicit and explicit teaching of grammar through scaffolding had significant impact on learners’ speaking accuracy and complexity, but explicit teaching compared to implicit teaching was more significantly effective.

Practical implications
The results of the study are mainly beneficial to teachers in the way that they can teach grammar in a more efficient way, and consequently improve learners’ speaking. In addition, curriculum developers and second language learners will benefit from the results of this research.

Originality/value
There has always been a controversy over an effective way to teach speaking skill in EFL classes over the last decades. In this regard, one of the most controversial approaches to teaching speaking arose from the dichotomy of teaching grammar through implicit or explicit teaching of rules. This paper has originality in that it delves into this controversial issue at length and in details.
A post-disaster study of a women-led handicraft industry in rural Philippines
Authors: Cuaton Ginbert Permejo 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
The tikog handicraft industry in Basey, province of Samar in the Philippines, was heavily devastated by super typhoon Haiyan in November 2013. More than five years after the disaster, very few studies have been published regarding the status of this industry. Thus, this paper aims to examine the roles of men and women farmers, weavers, converters and other chain actors of the Tikog Value Chain Industry in Basey and presents the status of the industry in terms of (a) operations, (b) performance and contribution to the economy, (c) capacity (materials, product and people), (d) market and (e) its current challenges in a post-disaster context.

Design/methodology/approach
For this case study, data were gathered through desk research and field works. The data were thematically analyzed using elements of a value chain analysis to provide insights and to help develop strategies to improve women’s contributions in developing the tikog handicraft industry.

Findings
Among the structures in the industry are associations comprising of formal and informal groups of tikog farmers, weavers, converters and traders. About 2,000 families in Basey are engaged in the tikog industry. This generates an estimated additional family income from PHP 4,200.00 (USD84.00) – PHP 18,000.00 (USD360.00)/year. Supply of raw materials is not only hampered by the depleting natural resources but also by the availability of drying facilities. Weavers continue to buy from Leyte suppliers due to challenges in drying tikog grasses. The author strongly argues that there is a need to increase capacity building opportunities for those involved in tikog to avoid stunted growth of the industry.

Originality/value
Aside from being a survivor himself, the author directly worked with the men, women and communities involved in this study. This highlights the ability of this research to realistically reflect the current knowledge, practices and attitudes of actors involved in the tikog handicraft industry in Basey, Philippines.
The invisible identity in a visible world: how religiosity mediates consumer culture and the marketplace
Authors: Nguyen Thuy D. , Chou Shih Yung , Blankson Charles , Wilson Phillip 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
This paper aims to offer a systematic view of religious consumption and its iterative influences on consumers, as well as their differences in attitudes, values and behaviors.

Design/methodology/approach
Using a mixed-method approach – both qualitative and quantitative – the study develops religious self-transformation and self-categorization scales to empirically evaluate the hypotheses.

Findings
The convergence of consumption, self-identification and religious attitudes and behaviors proffer an essentially subjective concept useful in understanding the existential reflection and supernatural orientation that individuals may seek through consumption. Cluster analysis (based on product, services, media and practices) reveals four quadrants. The non-religious (religious) group has low (high) consumption in all four consumption categories Self-categorization (self-transformation) group has high (low) level of product consumption, but low (high) in all three other categories. This research presented four invisible identities that are visibly different in terms of life satisfaction, religious brand preference, dollars spending on religious products and monetary donation.

Research limitations/implications
This research only considers one medium-size city as opposed to all types of cities. All religious affiliated and nonaffiliated respondents are included in the total sample.

Practical implications
The study offers new insights into the triadic relationship between religious self-identification, religious consumption, and the marketplace that can be used in branding, segmentation, targeting, positioning, and persuasive advertising, public relation and social media, and services marketing.

Social implications
Religion addresses the nature of existence. In this religion–consumer–brand nexus, consumption is a way for consumers to experience and immense themselves in the sacred to solidify, communicate, transform, improve and transport who they are capitalizing on religious self-identification can affectively promote positive social change.

Originality/value
This work proposes four invisible identities that are different in consumption of religious products and services in terms of patterns and purposes. These groups of consumers shape the marketplace through the derived utility of their religious consumption based on their self-identification, which in turn influences their religious brand preference.
Brand experience and brand attitude: examining a credibility-based mechanism
Authors: Nayeem Tahmid , Murshed Feisal , Dwivedi Abhishek 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the interplay of brand experience and brand attitude and its influence on brand attitude. Specifically, it proposes that the relationship will be mediated by brand credibility.

Design/methodology/approach
The conceptual model is tested by estimating a structural equation model with survey data from a sample of new automobile users (n=405).

Findings
The analysis reveals a full mediation of brand credibility; that is, brand credibility is an underlying mechanism through which the effect of brand experience on brand attitude materializes. In addition, contrary to the general expectation, there was no direct effect of brand experience on brand attitude.

Originality/value
This study enables a new perspective on how experiential marketing underpins a brand’s influence on certain aspects of consumer behaviour. By elucidating the mediating role of brand credibility, this study adds to the understanding of how brand experience shapes brand credibility, leading to favourable brand attitude.