bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hypersensitivity To Exogenous Arachidonic Acid (Aa) And Redistribution Of Fatty Acids In Platelets From Women On The Pill
Authors: Minno G Di , Tacconi M T , Roncaglioni M C , Sadurska B , Pangrazzi J , Donati M B , Bizzi A , Silver M J 
Published: July 2018

Oral contraceptive (OC) treatment is associated with an increased thrcmbotic risk, the mechanism of which remains still unclear. We have investigated the platelet response to exogenous AA and the plasma and platelet lipid composition in eight healthy women (aged 18-29 y) before and after six month OC treatment with a canbination of d-norgestrel (0.25 mg) and ethynilestradiol (0.05 mg). The threshold aggregating concentration of AA was significantly reduced in platelets of women after 6 months of OC treatment (0.30±0.04 mM versus 0.65 ± 0.08 mM, p < 0.001) whereas it was unchanged in a group of 10 control women, matched for age with the OC treated group and tested twice, with a 6-month interval (0.48 ± 0.04 versus 0.50 ± 0.04). In the same group of patients, seme clotting and fibrinolytic parameters, namely the Normotest, the biological and antigenic activity of Antithranbin III, the anti factor Xa biological activity, the diluted whole blood clot lysis time, were completely unmodified by OC treatment.In platelets AA increased both in phospholipid and neutral lipid fractions. In plasma the pool of polyunsaturated fatty acids increased at the expense of the saturated pool. In particular, AA increased slightly but significantly in free-fatty acids and phospholipid fractions.This data indicates that during OC treatment changes in in vitro platelet aggregatory responses may be associated with modifications of platelet and plasma fatty acid composition. Such changes may contribute to the thrcmbotic tendency associated with OC treatment.
Investigation Of The Relationship Between Preoperative Chromogenic Antithrombin III Assays And Hemorrhage Following Heart Surgery
Authors: Laveson J E , Winford J , Iden J , Marengo-Rowe A J , Race G J 
Published: July 2018

The above study is part of an ongoing program to determine the mechanisms of hemorrhage in patients who have undergone extracorporeal circulation. Antithrombin III levels were measured in 850 patients (Quantichrom III) prior to undergoing cardiovascular surgery. Following surgery the maximum rate of blood loss was assessed by measuring chest tube drainage at hourly intervals. Patients whose blood loss exceeded 150 ml in any one hour were defined as “bleeders.” 257 patients had a maximum rate of blood loss exceeding 150 ml per hour, and this group is called the bleeder group. The bleeder group had a range of antithrombin III values of 16 to 148% and a mode 66% compared to a range of 24 to 170% and a mode 80% for the non-bleeder group. The means of two groups were 66% and 84% (p < 0.05) were statistically significantly different. 156 patients had an antithrombin III level of less than 60% of which 81 fell into bleeder group.Possible mechanisms of this relationship are: (1) During massive surgical procedures disseminated proteolysis occurs and those patients with a lower level of proteolytic enzyme inhibitors such as antithrombin III have an impaired ability to control this process, which ultimately leads to hemorrhage. (2) During the massive surgery, an imbalance in protein metabolism occurs. Patients who are poor “protein producers” for pathological, genetic or nutritional reasons are less able to respond to this depletion and they respond less readily to the depletion of proteins such as the coagulation proteins with resultant bleeding. Antithrombin III may be an “indicator protein” for such patients. (3) Reduced levels of antithrombin III reduce the potency of heparin, and thus level of anticoagulation during surgery.
Suloctidil: Review Of Its Antiplatelet And Antithrombotic Properties In Man
Authors: Van Stalle F , Lambelin G 
Published: July 2018

Suloctidil(S.) - 1-(4-isopropylthiophenyl)-2n octylamino- propanol - is a vaso-active compound endowed with antiplatelet and antithrombotic properties.After administration to healthy volunteers it was found to inhibit thrombofax and collagen induced aggregation.In a double blind cross-over set up-S. 200 mg T.I.D. vs. placebo - the induction of circulating platelet aggregates by venous occlusion was highly significantly inhibited.Following positive results on P.S.T. in the baboon a.-v. shunt model, studies on P.S.T. were initiated in man: 23 patients with valvular prosthesis, all under coumarine therapy, were admitted to a double blind parallel study of 6 weeks duration cqnparing S. 200 mg T.I.D. (n=ll) to placebo (n=12). P.S.T. (51Cr-labeling) measured before and during the last week of the study, was unchanged in the placebo and significantly increased in the S. treated group. Similar results were obtained measuring platelet regeneration time according to a modified Stewart method in an open study (n=6) in valvular prosthesis and in a double blind parallel study (S. n=25; placebo n=27) in valvular prosthesis, coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction.In patients with obstructive arteriopathy (Fontaine II & III) inhibition of thrombine induced platelet M.D.A. production and reduction of increased βTG levels have been observed under S. therapy at rest and after ischemia.In 31 patients suffering from recurr. ven. thrombosis, admitted to a double blind cross-over study comparing S. 200 mg T.I.D. to placebo-2 periods of 3 months each - a striking difference in the clinical evolution (placebo 12 events, S. none) was paralleled by consistent changes in biological parameters such as platelet aggregation, PF4 and βTG.The results obtained in pharmacological as well as in efficacy studies have justified the initiation of larger scale trials to evaluate the compounds antithrombotic potential.
Determination Of The Type Of Fibrinogen/Fibrin Degradation Products In The Preoperative Evaluation Of Pelvic Masses
Authors: Kaplan-Ikonicoff L , Engel A M , Roisman F R , Demattei A 
Published: July 2018

It is known that no single method for the determination of fibrinogen/fibrin degradation products (FDP) indicates their nature which is important to establish the state of activation of the fibrinolytic system. Therefore we applied two simple and reproducible laboratory methods to study eleven preoperative patients with pelvic masses: 1) the latex fibrin polymerization inhibition test (Finkelstein test)and 2) the staphylococcal cumpling test. The normal values obtained were 0-3 polymerization inhibition units (PIU) and 2.5-4 μg fibrinogen equivalents per milliliter, respectively. Seven clinically healthy females of the same age range served as controls.Out of seven cases with confirmed postoperative diagnosis of ovarian carcinoma, five (71%) had positive FDP by both methods with average values of 12.2 ± 5.9 PIU and 10.4 ± 4.6 μg/ml. The ratio between PlU/ml and μg/ml was determined and the range found was 0.53-1.75 which is indicative of the presence of FDP of the “late” type. The values are in agreement with previous reports of the incidence of late FDP in other malignancies. All the negative FDP, except two, corresponded to benign ovarian cyst, although there was a case of haemorrhagic cyst with positive FDP.The presence of “late” FDP indicates an activated fibrinolytic process and could constitute a cautionary sign for the postoperative care of the patient. We consider that the application of two methods for FDP permits to detect an increased amount and also the type of the circulating FDP. The data presented here clearly warrant detailed investigation of the potential benefits of knowing the nature of FDP in monitoring the postoperative follow up of patients with pelvic masses.
Usefulness Of Determining Coagulation Abnormalities For Early Diagnosis Of Deep Vein Thrombosis And Pulmonary Embolism
Authors: Rodzynek J J , Schoenfeld P L , Martin T , Léautaud P , Wettendorff P , Delcourt A 
Published: July 2018

Citrated whole blood thrombo-elastogram (TEG) and its several parameters (r, k, am, IPT), Ethanol gel test (EGT), Fibrinogen degradation products (FDP) and Raby’s transfer test (RTT) were studied in 52 healthy volunteers acting as normal controls, in 211 consecutive patients admitted in a general hospital for non thrombotic pathologies (group 1), in 59 consecutive patients admitted for deep vein thrombosis (group 2) and in 45 consecutive patients addmitted for pulmonary thrombo embolism, confirmed at scintigraphy (group 3).In conclusion: l. TEG (r, k, am, IPT) offers little help in the early diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis as well as pulmonary thrombo embolism. 2. EGT although offering a high specificity (6.6% false positive), lacks of sensitivity for the diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis (56.6% false negative). 3. RTT appears as a highly sensitive detector of deep vein thrombosis (positive in 96.6% of cases) and of pulmonary embolism (positive in 97.7% of cases) as well as reasonably specific (12.3% false positive tests). 4. Negativity of FDP and RTT appears as a strong argument against the diagnosis of thrombotic disease.
Diagnostic Value Of Ethanol Gelation Test (EGT) For Detection Of Early Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) In Patients With Stroke
Authors: Hamborg T , Godal H C 
Published: July 2018

In the present study, EGT was applied for detection of fibrinaemia in patients with early DVT, as diagnosed by the 125-I-fibrinogen uptake test (FUT). The study included 25 patients with completed stroke and upper motor paralysis of at least one extremity. Patients who were critically ill, or with duration of symptoms for more than one week, were not included.The isotope was injected at admission and FUT became definitely positive (FUT+) 2-12 (mean 5) days later in 17 patients (68%). In the remaining 8, FUT was negative (FUT−) for 11-14 days. FUT recordings were taken for up to 2 weeks, and EGT was analyzed thrice a week, or at least until DVT was diagnosed. The two groups were comparable in respect with age and sex distribution, mortality and frequency of serious impairment of consciousness.Results: During the study period, EGT was positive at least once in 13 of the 17 FUT+ patients, against only 1 of the 8 FUT− patients (P< 0.02). EGT was positive in 34 (37%) of totally 97 specimens from the FUT+ group, but in only 1 (2%) of 50 specimens from the FUT− group (P<0.001). In the FUT+ group, the frequency of positive EGT increased from about 10 to 70%, with a marked rise three days (day −3) before the first positive FUT (day 0).During the period from day −11 to −4, the average frequency was 13% (3/24), while it was 46% (33/72) in the last period from day −3 to +9). This increase in correlation to the time of first positive FUT, was statistically significant (P<0.01).Conclusion: A positive EGT in moderately ill stroke patients, necessitates further examinations in respect with DVT, as some of these may need anticoagulants to prevent serious embolic complications.
Detection Of 111-Indium Labelled Platelets In Experimental Venous Thrombosis
Authors: Grimley R P , Fejfar J , Hawker R J , Drolc Z 
Published: July 2018

Successful detection of Indium-lll-oxine labelled platelets in venous thrombi offers a new meth od of diagnosis of venous thrombosis. Femoral vein thrombosis was established in 20 dogs by a combination of partial venous occlusion and vein electrification. In this model, thrombosis is first detectable on venography after 48 hours. Autologous labelled platelets were re-injected into each dog; a sham operation having been performed on the opposite femoral vein. Bilateral venography was performed 2 days and 7 days post-operatively and each dog was sacrificed after removal of femoral veins. Isotopic detection of venous thrombosis was determined by comparison of scintillation counts over each femoral vein daily for one week.Ratios of isotope counts between abnormal and normal legs indicated thrombus formation in 8 out of 10 dogs with known thrombi;two false negative results were due to hematoma formation. The mean duration of detection was 2.5 days. The counts were higher over venous thrombi in 3 out of 4 dogs who received platelet labelling prior to thrombus formation. Here, the mean duration of detection was 4 days. In 6 control animals, where veins were partially occluded only, counts were similar in each leg.
A Methodological Investigation On The One-Stage Factor VIII Assay
Authors: Over J , van Mourik J A , van den Brink-Zantingh P , Smit-Jansen R 
Published: July 2018

Assay of Factor VIII coagulant activity (VIII: C) in Factor VIII concentrates has since long met difficulties, such as l) non-paralleility of dose-response curves of plasma standard and Factor VIII concentrate, 2) spuriously low values of VIII: C in concentrates as revealed by abnormally high in vivo recoveries after transfusion, and 3) large interlaboratory variation in assay results. In an attempt to analyze the cause of these problems several parameters of the one-stage assay system were varied systematically and their effect on the parallellity of dose-response curves and on the final VIII: C value was analyzed. Nonparallel1ity was partially corrected with a protein-rich dilution medium, and almost always completely with undiluted instead of 1:1 diluted hemophilic substrate plasma. In both conditions apparently higher VIII:C values were found.A number of assay systems used by different producers of Factor VIII concentrates were compared. The standard and, in some cases, the phospholipid reagent seemed to contribute for the largest past to the inter1aboratory variation, but also other, as yet unidentified, factors exerted some influence. These findings initiated a cooperative study by five Red Cross Blood Transfusion Services in Europe on standardization of the one-stage assay for VIII:C. This resulted in a better correspondence between these institutes (CV 13%) compared to the previous situation (CV 23%).It is concluded that 1) substrate plasma should not be diluted, especially when Factor VIII concentrate is to be tested against a plasma standard, 2) the standard should be of the same type as the testmaterial, and 3) this standard should be properly calibrated against the International Standard for Factor VIII.
Four Cases Of Acquired Von Willebrand's Syndrome Associated With Monoclonal Gammapathy
Authors: Horellou M H , Baumelow E , Sitbon N , Conard J , Marie J P , Fine J M , Gorin N C , Zittoun R , Samama M 
Published: July 2018

Acquired Von Willebrand syndrome is reported in four patients with monoclonal lgG : benign gammapathy in three cases, multiple myeloma in one case ; to our knowledge, this last association has not been previously reported.Coagulation abnormalities included a borderline bleeding time, a low platelet retention on glass beads, decreased levels of factor VIII coagulant activity (VIII: c), factor VIII related-antigen (VIII R: Ag) and ristocetin-induced agglutination cofactor (VIII R: Cof).The late clinical onset, the negative family history and the immunological abnormality suggest an acquired Von Willebrand syndrome. After cryoprecipitate infusion the patients did not show the expected rise and there was no secondary increment in factor VIII: c.Time-dependent inhibition of factor VIII R: Cof was found in one case only and was associated with qualitative abnormality of factor VIII R: Ag demonstrated by crossed-immunoelectrophoresis. It was not possible to interpretate this last test in the other cases, due to the very low level of factor VIII R: Ag. The inhibitor activity was neither found in the IgG fraction nor in the monoclonal IgG but disappeared after IgG adsorption on staphylococcal protein A.The factor VIII abnormalities might be related to the binding and/or destruction of factor VIII by a circulating antibody, or to the adsorption of this factor on the malignant lymphocytes.
Study On Long Term Tolerance And Recovery Of Cold Sterilized Ppsb In Chimpanzees
Authors: Stephan W , Prince A M , Kotitschke R 
Published: July 2018

Recent experiments have shown, that PPSB (factor IX-concentrate) derived from ß-propiolactone/ultraviolet (ß-PL/UV)-treated (cold sterilized)plasma is not infectious in chimpanzees in respect to hepatitis B and Non A-Non B. To answer the question whether the B-PL/UV treatment influences the tolerance and efficacy of the cold sterilized PPSB- concentrate, long term application of PPSB-Biotest was performed in chimpanzees.After 12 applications of 25 units factor IX/kg in weekly intervals no signs of intolerance were observed by means of skintesting and observation of blood pressure during i.v. application. Determination of coagulation factor activity during the application period shows the same factor IX- recovery at the beginning and at the end of the study.
Thrombogenicity Results Of Cold Sterilized (ß-Propiolactone/Ultraviolet Irradiation) PPSB In Chimpanzees
Authors: Kotitschke R , Stephan W , Prince A M , Brotman B 
Published: July 2018

In vitro tests were demonstrated to be insufficient for the determination of the thrombogenicity of PPSB preparations with peptide substrates or the TGt50 and the NAPTT. Unequivocal determinations of the thrombogenicity of PPSB preparations are possible only up to now in in vivo models. As an alternative to the up to now proposed dog or hemophilia B dog models we have determined the thrombogenicity of cold sterilized PPSB in chimpanzees. PPSB isolated from ß-propiolactone treated and UV irradiated plasma was injected into the chimpanzees at a dose of approximately 100 units/kg body weight. An FDA licensed PPSB preparation served as a control.15 minutes, 1 h, 4 h, and 24 h after the PPSB application the following parameters were determined in the chimpanzee blood: factors II, VII, IX, X, VIII, fibrinogen, AT III, thrombin coagulase, Quick value, APTT and platelet count.Neither the untreated control preparation nor the PPSB from ß-propiolactone treated and UV irradiated plasma showed signs of a thrombogenic effect in this chimpanzee model.
Assessment Of FVIII Functional Activities With Quantitative Electrophoresis
Authors: Seghatchian M J 
Published: July 2018

Electrophoretically separated fractions of FVIII concentrates were quantitatively assayed to assess heterogeneity in FVIII related proteins. The Method was successfully applied to the characterisation of multiple forms of FVIII in normal, pathological, haemophilia A, and v. WD. post-infused samples. Similarly, FVIII:C inactivation properties of several FVIII antibodies, which differed from one another on the basis on their complex formations, were investigated by: i) identifying the molecular forms of the Residual FVIII and ii) by monitoring the electrophoretic distribution of the complexes using a radiolabelled VIII:C IgG. 200 ul samples were applied to rectangular wells (22 × 3mm) cut in a 2.5mm thick agarosegel (1-2%). Electrophoresis in the first dimension was performed in 0.023M barbital buffer (pH8.2). The gels were then cut into 20-30 equal slices, eluted with 0.025M Tris-saline buffer (pH7.4) and assayed by currently used methods.The results indicate that FVIII concentrates are highly heterogeneous, consisting of several subpopulations with differing functional and inhibitor neutralization activities. Most classical assays (including IRMA) were sensitive to the larger forms but methods based on the optimal Fxa generations (VIII:C 2 stage & VIII:C amidolytic) measured smaller forms of FVIII more sensitively. In the post-infused samples a transient complex was observed which reflected the rate of clearance of FVIII from the circulation. Furthermore the novo synthesis of FVIII in v. WD patients appeared to be quantitatively indistinguishable from circulating FVIII present in these patients. Some populations of FVIII were totally and specifically inactivated by some FVIII:C inhibitors but partially by the others. The inhibitor which inactivate totally FVIII:Cam also failed to produce high molecular weight radiolabelled complexes. On the basis of these results, inhibitor patients could be treated specifically with an appropriate subpopulation of FVIII.
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay For The Detection Of Alloantibodies To Factor IX In Hemophilia B
Authors: Örstavik K H , Örstavik I 
Published: July 2018

A solid phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed for the detection and quantitative determination of acquired inhibitors to factor IX. Wells of polystyren Micro-ELISA plates were coated with the IgG fraction of a sheep antiserum to human factor IX. After incubation with pooled normal plasma as a factor IX source, the wells were incubated with test plasma. The binding of alloantibodies to the factor IX-sheep-anti-factor IX complexes was then detected by incubation with alkaline phophatase conjugated antiserum to human IgG. As substrate was used p-nitrophenyl phosphate.Plasma samples from five patients with severe hemophilia B and acquired inhibitors to factor IX were examined. All samples gave a positive reaction in the ELISA. The titers as determined in the ELISA were in good agreement with the titers as determined in a coagulation assay (0.1-800 U/ml). Plasma from 13 patients with hemophilia B and no detectable inhibitor in a coagulation assay all gave a negative reaction in the ELISA. A negative reaction was also found in plasma from four patients with hemophilia A and acquired inhibitors to factor VIII, and in plasma from 15 healthy persons.It is concluded that the ELISA is a simple and sensitive technique for the determination of acquired inhibitors to factor IX in hemophilia B.
Investigation of the binding of calcium to prothrombin by two dimensional immuno electrophoresis
Authors: Charles Gray , David Perry , Pamela Riches , David Timlin 
Published: July 2018

The reported binding constant of calcium to purified prothrombin based on equilibrium dialysis is K<104 . This study investigated the ability of EDTA, EGTA, to remove calcium from the normal prothrombin, in the plasma of patients treated with warfarin.Coumarin plasma was obtained from freshly drawn venous blood of patients on warfarin. This plasma contains prothrombin with no GLA’s, which does not bind calcium, and prothrombin with GLA’s, which does bind calcium. The plasma anti coagulated with EDTA or EGTA was subjected to two dimensional immuno electrophoresis (2DIE). In parallel experiments the plasma was dialysed against normal saline containing EDTA 2mM for 24 hours. The dialysis was performed at pH 8,9 and 10, and the dialysed plasmas, subiected to 2DIERESULTS All plasmas, irrespective of the anti coagulant or pH of dialysis exhibited the same two prothrombin peaks on 2DIE, which indicates that the normal prothrombin had retained its bound calcium. This suggests that native prothrombin binds calcium with a K assos>l010 the binding constant for EDTA and calcium at pHl0.0.
Improvement Of Plasmatic Coagulation In Patients With Liver Disease To Enable Necessary Diagnostic And Therapeutic Steps
Authors: Vogel G E , Tuchtenhagen S , Komm Ch , Oberdorfer A 
Published: July 2018

Specific plasmatic concentrations of coagulation factors are necessary in endoscopic treatment e.g. slerosis of esophageal varices. Thrombotest of 35 to 40% is necessar. To correct with factor concentrates and fibrinogen is dangerous in cause of pushing DIC (disseminated intravascular coagulation). The substitution of the inhibitor AT III which is succeeded from prothrombin concentrates and fibrinogen avoid fearful consumption reactions. The AT III plasma activity was measured by chromogenic substrates in citric plasma. In 5 patients (2 female, 3 male- age 19-67) the diminished AT III-levels were increased to the normal value of 80%. After normalization of the inhibitors prothrombin complexes and if necessary fibrinogen were substituted. It was seen an assessable improvement of the plasmatic coagulation which depends on the unit concentration of the substituted factors. In the improved coagulation situation 2 laparoscopies and 3 slerosis of esophageal varices could be done without any bleeding complication.Patients with liver diseases and coagulation disorders who were unsuitable for endoscopic and surgical treatment can be treated with this concept.