bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changing trends in anti-psychotic prescription pattern in Pakistan
Authors: Malik Mazhar , Ghani M. Usman , Mazhar Wardha , Munir Nargis 
Published: May 2019

Background and Objective: This study was designed to identify the changing trends in Antipsychotic prescription pattern in Pakistan. It was part of the research project Research on East Asian Psychotropic Prescription Pattern (REAP) carried out to identify the prescription patterns of schizophrenic patients in different countries located in Asia. Our objective was to assess the trend and change of psychotropic drug prescriptions for patients with schizophrenia.
Methods: The design of the study was quantitative and of descriptive epidemiology. This study was carried out from 30th March 2017. Data was collected on a unified protocol by the Psychiatrists from Pakistan. Three (3) centers i.e., Lahore, Karachi and Islamabad provided the data. Indoor and outdoor cases with Schizophrenia were recruited. A web based recording system for collection of data done at Taipei Taiwan, and statistical analysis was performed and transferred to all participating centers including Pakistan.
Results: The main findings of the study were that majority of the patients were prescribed antipsychotic poly pharmacy drug. It was also found that Anxiolytics, anti-depressants and Antiparkinsonian drugs were also co-prescribed.
Conclusion: It was concluded that antipsychotic poly pharmacy along with Anxiolytics, anti-depressants and Anti-parkinsonian drugs were prescribed to patients with schizophrenia in Pakistan.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.3.136
How to cite this:Malik M, Ghani MU, Mazhar W, Munir N. Changing trends in anti-psychotic prescription pattern in Pakistan. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(3):653-657. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.3.136
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Expression of p-AMPK in colorectal cancer revealed substantial diverse survival patterns
Authors: Khabaz Mohamad Nidal , Abdelrahman Amer Shafei , Al-Maghrabi Jaudah Ahmad 
Published: May 2019

Objective: Several cancers have showed differences in the role of p- AMPK in cancer growth, progression and prognosis, and little is identified regarding the significance of p-AMPK expression in colorectal adenocarcinoma. Therefore, this report will define p-AMPK phenotype in a panel of colorectal carcinomas and explore the relationship between this phenotype and tumor clinicopathological features.
Methods: A total of 228 cases comprising 155 large intestine cancers and 73 controls (40 benign tumors and thirty three non-cancerous tissues) were employed in tissue microarray construction. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining was applied to reveal p-AMPK expression. This study was carried out in the pathology lab of King Abdulaziz University Hospital over a duration of 15 months and was completed on 7th July 2018.
Results: Phosphorylated AMPK was identified in 133 (85.8%) of colorectal cancers and 73 (100%) control cases. Histologic type was noticeably correlated with p-AMPK immunostaining (P= 0.001), high score of p-AMPK immunostaining is more frequent in control cases. Considerable varied survival models were observed with neoplasm size, metastatic tumor, recurrence and disease relapse (P-values <0.01). Survival estimates are considerably healthier in positive cases which have one of the following features size less than 5 cm, absence of metastatic tumor, no reoccurrence or disease relapse.
Conclusions: The present study showed a reduction in the IHC staining of p-AMPK in colorectal cancer compared with controls. IHC staining of p-AMPK can be a supportive marker in predicting prognosis and survival estimates of colorectal tumors with specific clinical factors.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.3.159
How to cite this:Khabaz MN, Abdelrahman AS, Al-Maghrabi JA. Expression of p-AMPK in colorectal cancer revealed substantial diverse survival patterns. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(3):685-690. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.3.159
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
The effect of emotional labor and impression management on burnout: Example of Family Physicians
Authors: Yigit Aysegul Ozer , Ay Ferda Alper 
Published: May 2019

Objective: Although burnout is seen as a personal problem, it has a negative effect on effectiveness of the organization. The positive interaction of the physicians with the patients and their relatives increases the service quality. In this study, it was aimed to determine the effects of the family physicians’ use of emotional labor and impression management on burnout.
Methods: A total of 82 questionnaires were distributed to all family physicians who work in the family health centers of the Public Health Directorate in Sivas province. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis.
Results: According to the findings, the level of burnout of family physicians was low and there was a significant relationship between impression management tactics and emotional labor behavior. Impression management and emotional labor behaviors had no significant effect on burnout.
Conclusion: Use of physicians’ emotional labor and impression management tactics, do not have an impact on their burnout levels and it helps improve physician-patient interaction.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.3.4
How to cite this:Yigit AO, Ay FA. The effect of emotional labor and impression management on burnout: Example of Family Physicians. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(3):793-796. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.3.4
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Supply Chain Contracts That Prevent Information Leakage
Authors: Chen Yiwei , Özer Özalp 
Published: May 2019

This paper determines categories of contracts that facilitate vertical information sharing in a supply chain while precluding horizontal information leakage among competing newsvendors. We consider a supply chain in which retailers replenish inventory from a common supplier to satisfy uncertain demand and are engaged in newsvendor competition. Each retailer has imperfect demand information. Yet one of the retailers (the incumbent) has a more accurate demand forecast than the other (the entrant). Information leakage among such competing retailers precludes vertical information sharing and is often the reason for many retailers to abandon collaborative forecast-sharing initiatives, leading to suboptimized supply chains. We show that whether a contract can prevent information leakage depends on how the inventory risk (i.e., cost of supply–demand mismatch) is allocated among the supplier and retailers in conjunction with the allocation of profits. We categorize contracts according to how they allocate inventory risk among firms when compared with a wholesale‐price contract. This comparison yields four mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive categories of contracts. A downside-protection contract is one that effectively reduces retailers’ cost of excess inventory by shifting some of their overage cost to the supplier. Examples of such contracts include buy-back and revenue-sharing contracts. An upside-protection contract is one that effectively increases retailers’ cost of inventory shortage by shifting some of the supplier’s underage cost to retailers. Examples of such contracts include penalty and rebate contracts. A two-sided protection contract combines the properties of the previous two categories. A no-protection contract is one that fails to shift firms’ cost of inventory shortage or excess from one to the other. Examples of such contracts include wholesale-price and two-part tariff contracts. We show that no-protection contracts, which are extensively used in practice, cannot prevent information leakage, whereas others may do so. We also show that preventing information leakage could be costly for the supply chain (i.e., low channel efficiency). We conclude by illustrating how our unified framework to study a variety of contracts can enable a firm to determine the best-performing contract (among many) that precludes information leakage while almost coordinating the channel. For example, we show why buy‐back contracts perform significantly better than revenue‐sharing or rebate contracts. This paper was accepted by Serguei Netessine, operations management.
Quando a terapia se torna arte: Teoria Ator-Rede e cocriação musical
Authors: Siqueira-Silva Raquel , Nunes João Arriscado 
Published: May 2019

Este artigo toma como ponto de entrada as práticas artísticas/criativas no âmbito da Reforma Psiquiátrica Brasileira e, em particular, a constituição de grupos musicais formados por pacientes/usuários dos cuidados de saúde mental (e dos seus terapeutas) envolvidos em práticas de musicoterapia. Este processo conduziu à sua transformação em músicos-artistas, reconhecidos pelo seu desempenho musical, avaliado pelos critérios estéticos próprios dos gêneros musicais em causa. Aborda-se a passagem de um modo particular de existência da música, enquanto prática orientada para a terapia em saúde mental, para outro modo, o da prática de co-criação artística. Procura-se assim contribuir para a elaboração de uma abordagem dos processos de co-criação estética que coloque em diálogo a Teoria Ator-Rede, com algumas produções recentes em domínios como a filosofia do processo e os estudos sobre o improviso nas práticas musicais.
Dinâmica de classes no acirramento da crise mundial do capitalismo: lutas de resistência das classes subalternas no enfrentamento de alternativas capitalistas no Brasil contemporâneo | Class dynamics in the escalation of the world crisis of capitalism: the struggle of subaltern classes in the confrontation of capitalist alternatives in contemporary Brazil
Authors: Cardoso Franci Gomes 
Published: May 2019

O artigo expõe uma reconstrução histórico-conceitual, utilizando categorias ontológicas e intelectivas já utilizadas em pesquisas realizadas durante trajetória acadêmica, a partir de tese de doutoramento. Tal reconstrução tem sua centralidade nas “lutas de resistência das classes subalternas às alternativas capitalistas no Brasil contemporâneo”, mediadas por outras categorias que lhe dão materialidade e dinamismo: ideologia e hegemonia. Com interesse de análise centrado na política, o estudo parte das seguintes premissas, inspiradas no pensamento gramsciano: 1 – a ideologia tem papel ativo em processos históricos determinados e se realiza resultando do movimento da estrutura social; 2 – na dinâmica de classes, no capitalismo, é exigência histórica do processo de transformação social a ruptura, pelas classes subalternas, com a ideologia dominante e a construção de uma concepção de mundo própria como base de ações vitais; 3 – as lutas sociais que se inserem na sociedade capitalista são determinadas pela dinâmica da realidade social, como totalidade histórica. Essas premissas constituem os eixos condutores para a reconstrução do objeto deste estudo.Palavras-Chave: lutas de resistência; classes subalternas; alternativas capitalistas; ideologia e hegemonia. Abstract – The article exposes a historical-conceptual reconstruction, using ontological and intellectual categories already used in research carried out during my doctoral thesis. This reconstruction has as its center the “struggle of subaltern classes to capitalist alternatives in contemporary Brazil,” mediated by other categories that give it materiality and dynamism: ideology and hegemony. This study’sanalytical focus lies in politics, and it is based on the following premises, inspired by Gramscian thought: 1 – ideology plays an active role in determined historical processes and is carried out as a result of the movement of social structures; 2 – in the dynamics of classes, in capitalism, the process of social transformation demands both the rupture with the dominant ideology by subaltern classesand the construction ofits own world notion as the basis of vital actions; 3 – social struggles that are part of capitalist society are determined by the dynamics of social reality as a historical totality. These premises are the guiding axes for the reconstruction of the object of this study.Keywords: resistance movements; subaltern classes; capitalist alternatives; ideologyand hegemony.
Dos versiones de realismo en torno a Wittgenstein
Authors: Yuan María Sol 
Published: May 2019

El presente trabajo gira en torno a dos lecturas realistas del "segundo Wittgenstein", una de carácter no metafísico surgida en The Realistic Spirit (1991) de Cora Diamond y otra lectura "realista metafísica", presentada a partir de la interpretación de H. Mounce en "Wittgenstein and Classical Realism" (2005). A partir de la confrontación de ambas posiciones, el hilo de lectura crítica que conducirá nuestro trabajo será que no podemos sostener ninguna posición realista "metafísica" (para denominarlo de un modo muy general) en relación con las tesis del segundo Wittgenstein. El trasfondo práctico sobre el que se apoyan las descripciones de este autor muestra ese fundamento no metafísico sino contingente sobre el que basamos nuestros hechos, conceptos y objetividad. Esto nos acerca a una noción de realismo en el que conceptos y realidad ya cuentan con significado de antemano en tanto la praxisen la que se enraízan garantiza nuestro trato con lo que nos rodea. El fundamento no es la razón, la conciencia, la correspondencia o adecuación a una realidad "desnuda"; es la praxis, el lugar común y el equilibrio entre los seres humanos y mundo.
Estudo da variação da viscosidade do vidro LKB a partir da adição de Al2O3
Authors: Nascimento Thaís Muniz Teixeiras , Filho João Alder Lopes da Silva , Khoury Helen Jamil , Oliveira Raquel Aline Pessoa 
Published: May 2019

Ainda que o vidro seja um dos materiais mais antigos preparados pelo homem, ele apareceu apenas no século XX como um material que possui propriedades excelentes em áreas distintas. É um sólido amorfo com ausência de ordem a longo alcance e periodicidade, que possui transição vítrea. Pode ser obtido por várias formas, porém em grande parte é obtido pelo processo de fusão seguido do resfriamento rápido do fundido. Neste processo, a viscosidade determina as condições de fusão dos óxidos formadores do vidro, taxa de desvitrificação, etc. Este trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar a variação na viscosidade do vidro LKB (Li2CO3 – K2CO3 – H3BO3) quando adicionado óxido de alumínio (Al2O3) em diferentes proporções. A análise será efetuada utilizando o software SciGlass 7.0. Para tanto, quatro composições de vidros boratos foram desenvolvidas e estudadas. O cálculo da viscosidade em função da temperatura foi obtido para cada tipo de vidro a partir da composição dos óxidos em % mol. Resultados preliminares mostraram que a adição do óxido de alumínio aumenta a viscosidade na matriz LKB. Além disso, foi possível preparar amostras vítreas com alta transparência e homogeneidade em todos os casos a partir da correlação entre a viscosidade e a temperatura.
Limits of canonical forms on towers of Riemann surfaces
Authors: Baik Hyungryul , Shokrieh Farbod , Wu Chenxi 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
We prove a generalized version of Kazhdan’s theorem for canonical forms on Riemann surfaces.
In the classical version, one starts with an ascending sequence

{

S
n

→
S

}

{\{S_{n}\rightarrow S\}}

of finite Galois covers of a hyperbolic Riemann surface S, converging to the universal cover. The theorem states that the sequence of forms on S inherited from the canonical forms on

S
n

{S_{n}}

’s converges uniformly to (a multiple of) the hyperbolic form.
We prove a generalized version of this theorem, where the universal cover is replaced with any infinite Galois cover. Along the way, we also prove a Gauss–Bonnet-type theorem in the context of arbitrary infinite Galois covers.
Expanding phenomena over matrix rings
Authors: Karabulut Y. Demi̇roğlu , Koh Doowon , Pham Thang , Shen Chun-Yen , Le Anh Vinh 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
In this paper, we study expanding phenomena in the setting of matrix rings.
More precisely, we will prove that

•
if A is a set of

M
2

⁢

(

𝔽
q

)

{M_{2}(\mathbb{F}_{q})}

and

|
A
|

≫

q

7
/
2

{\lvert A\rvert\gg q^{7/2}}

, then

|

A
⁢

(

A
+
A

)

|

,

|

A
+

A
⁢
A

|

≫

q
4

{\lvert A(A+A)\rvert,\lvert A+AA\rvert\gg q^{4}}

,

•
if A is a set of

SL
2

⁢

(

𝔽
q

)

{\mathrm{SL}_{2}(\mathbb{F}_{q})}

and

|
A
|

≫

q

5
/
2

{\lvert A\rvert\gg q^{5/2}}

, then

|

A
⁢

(

A
+
A

)

|

,

|

A
+

A
⁢
A

|

≫

q
4

{\lvert A(A+A)\rvert,\lvert A+AA\rvert\gg q^{4}}

.

We also obtain similar results for the cases of

A
⁢

(

B
+
C

)

{A(B+C)}

and

A
+

B
⁢
C

{A+BC}

, where

A
,
B
,
C

{A,B,C}

are sets in

M
2

⁢

(

𝔽
q

)

{M_{2}(\mathbb{F}_{q})}

.
Dose exposure of Bisphenol- A on female Wistar rats fertility
Authors: Srivastava Seema , Dhagga Nupoor 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Background
2, 2-Bis (4-hydroxyphenyl propane [bisphenol A (BPA)] is one of the major environmental pollutants and has the adverse effects on human health. BPA mimics the structure of estrogen and binds to estrogen receptors and alters the secretion of the hormone. It is ingested in humans through the regular use of plastic containers, bottles and food cans.

Materials and methods
Female Wistar rats were exposed orally to 5, 50, 300, 600 and 800 mg BPA/kg body weight (bd. wt.)/week mixed in olive oil and administered every 168 h for 3 months continuing through the mating, gestation and lactation and its effects on fertility, reproductive organ weight and hormones [LH (luteinizing hormone), FSH (follicle stimulating hormone), estradiol (E2), progesterone (PROG) and PRL (prolactin)] were evaluated.

Results
The findings revealed that females exposed to BPA exhibited a decrease in female fertility rate and weight of reproductive organs (ovary and uterus) with significant decreased levels of LH, FSH, E2, PROG and PRL in the non-pregnancy phase whereas in cesarean and post-term females, no significance difference was found in fertility rate, reproductive organ weight and hormonal levels.

Conclusions
These data indicate an increased sensitivity to BPA needs careful evaluation of the current levels of exposure.
Multiplane Calcium Imaging Reveals Disrupted Development of Network Topology in Zebrafishpcdh19Mutants
Authors: Light Sarah E.W. , Jontes James D. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractFunctional brain networks self-assemble during development, although the molecular basis of network assembly is poorly understood. Protocadherin-19 (pcdh19) is a homophilic cell adhesion molecule that is linked to neurodevelopmental disorders, and influences multiple cellular and developmental events in zebrafish. Although loss ofPCDH19in humans and model organisms leads to functional deficits, the underlying network defects remain unknown. Here, we employ multiplane, resonant-scanningin vivotwo-photon calcium imaging of developing zebrafish, and use graph theory to characterize the development of resting state functional networks in both wild-type andpcdh19mutant larvae. We find that the brain networks ofpcdh19mutants display enhanced clustering and an altered developmental trajectory of network assembly. Our results show that functional imaging and network analysis in zebrafish larvae is an effective approach for characterizing the developmental impact of lesions in genes of clinical interest.
Refining decisions on which primary care patients to screen for glaucoma
Authors: Wick Bruce , Gall Ronald 
Published: May 2019

Introduction: Glaucoma, which is often accompanied by elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), causes progressive optic nerve atrophy and blindness. Among ocular structure parameters abnormalities in central corneal thickness (CCT), cup-to-disc (C/D) ratio, inter-eye C/D ratio asymmetry, optic disc area, and neuro-retinal rim area (N-RRA) appear to be highly correlated with glaucoma. We compare these specific ocular structures in a group of young normal pre-presbyopic patients and in a group of patients being treated for glaucoma.
Methods: After written informed consent, 1433 consecutive normal, and 56 consecutive patients being treated for glaucoma were assessed by including age, race, sex, IOP (NCT), C/D ratio, optic disc area, N-RRA (Optos), central center thickness (CCT), and anterior chamber depth.
Results: Combinations of findings in CCT, C/D ratio, C/D ratio asymmetry, disc area, and N-RRA (assessed by Z-score) were present in 65.52% of patients being treated for glaucoma and 22.96% of young normal patients. For young normal patients, overall average CCT was 550.37+/-39.47µm. Overall average C/D ratio was 0.39+/-0.11. Inter-eye C/D asymmetry was 0.02+/-0.06. Overall average disc area was 2.46+/-0.49mm2 (7863.54+/1630.42 pixels). Overall average N-RRA was 1.44+/-0.35mm2 (4785.88+/1161.14 pixels). C/D ratio increased modestly with disc area increase, an increase not associated with thinning N-RRA. Thin N-RRA was associated with small optic discs that had large C/D (t=-8.21, p=0.000, DF=93). There was a significant difference between young normal patients and patients being treated for glaucoma in CCT, C/D ratio, C/D ratio asymmetry, disc area, and N-RRA.
Conclusion: More than one in five (22.96%) young normal patients has ocular structure findings similar to those found in patients being treated for glaucoma. These results will help refine decisions on which primary eye care patient to screen for glaucoma.
Gestion des patients à risque de dégénérescence maculaire liée à l'âge : une stratégie canadienne
Authors: Somani Sohel , Hoskin-Mott Ann , Mishra Adit , Bois Alain , Book Brian H , Chute Mark , Gaucher Ronald , Winter Barry 
Published: May 2019

Contexte : Élaborer une stratégie consensuelle pour la gestion des patients à risque de dégénérescence maculaire liée à l’âge (DMLA) à l’intention des ophtalmologistes, optométristes et médecins du Canada.
Méthodes : L’élaboration d’une stratégie consensuelle a débuté avec la recension des textes et un examen des lignes directrices existantes. Un groupe de spécialistes de la rétine, d’ophtalmologistes et d’optométristes provenant d’un bout à l’autre du Canada a évalué cette information probante pour distiller ce qui a été appris et utiliser ces connaissances comme point de départ pour l’élaboration d’une stratégie consensuelle pour la gestion des patients à risque de DMLA.
Résultats : Le groupe d’experts a élaboré une série de recommandations à l’intention des fournisseurs de soins oculovisuels (p. ex., ophtalmologistes, optométristes) et médecins du Canada pour l’adoption d’une stratégie préventive dans le cas des patients à risque de DMLA.
Interprétation : La présente stratégie consensuelle est une ligne directrice pratique qui peut être adoptée dans un bureau pour gérer les patients à risque de DMLA et pour informer les patients qui ont des questions ou des préoccupations relatives à la DMLA.