bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiovascular prevention and at-risk behaviours in a large population of amateur rugby players
Authors: Chagué Frédéric , Georges Marjolaine , Gudjoncik Aurélie , Hermerel Thierry , Garet Gilles , Israël Jean , Hager Jean-Philippe , Aviat Patrick , Laurent Yves , Gremeaux Vincent , Cottin Yves , Zeller Marianne 
Published: March 2019

Background and aim We aimed to investigate cardiovascular risk factors and health behaviours prospectively in a large population of French amateur rugby players. Methods An anonymous questionnaire was displayed to rugby players aged over 12 years enrolled in the 2014–2015 French amateur rugby championship from the Burgundy region ( n = 5140). Questions addressed awareness on: (a) cardiovascular prevention; (b) tobacco, alcohol and highly caffeinated beverages consumption; and (c) adherence to prevention guidelines (ECG checks, training in basic life support, avoidance of sports practice during fever/infectious episodes). Results Among the 640 participants who completed the questionnaires, most were male (90%) and were aged under 35 years (80%). Almost half had basic life support training (42%), but only a minority attended an ECG check-up before licensing (37%), and only a few were aware of the cardiovascular prevention information campaign (17%), similarly across the age groups. Surprisingly, playing rugby with fever was commonly reported (44%) and was even more frequent in young women (55%). A high number of respondents were current smokers (35%), of whom most reported consumption less than 2 hours before/after a rugby session. Alcohol drinkers were frequent (69%), of whom most (79%) drank alcohol less than 2 hours before/after a match. Highly caffeinated beverages consumption (34%) was high, particularly in younger players (39%). Half highly caffeinated beverages consumption was in the setting of a rugby session, even greater in women and mainly motivated by performance enhancement (34%). Conclusion Our findings from a representative regional cohort may help to identify targets for cardiovascular prevention through the development of educational programmes aiming to improve the knowledge and behaviour of amateur rugby players.
The role of repeat fine needle aspiration in managing indeterminate thyroid nodules
Authors: Allen Laura , Al Afif Ayham , Rigby Matthew H. , Bullock Martin J. , Trites Jonathan , Taylor S. Mark , Hart Robert D. 
Published: March 2019

Background The Bethesda System is the most widely used for reporting fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology. It recommends a repeat FNA (rFNA) when initial results are category I or III. It is unclear how often rFNA provides additional diagnostic information. We sought to investigate its utility at our institution. Methods A retrospective chart review was performed of patients who had a category I or III FNA result and underwent rFNA of the same thyroid nodule between 2013 and 2015 at the QE II Health Sciences Centre in Nova Scotia, Canada. Results of initial FNA and ultrasound characteristics, rFNA, demographic data, surgical details, and pathology were collected. Results A total of 237 patients (474 thyroid FNAs) were included. Most initial FNAs were category I (82%), the remainder category III (18%). rFNA yielded a different category 60% of the time. However, 60% remained category I or III. rFNA results of benign or malignant were found in 40% of cases; 1% were SFN/SFM. Twenty-seven percent of patients had surgery after rFNA; of those 68% had category I or III rFNA results. Of all nodules that underwent surgery, 46% were malignant, including 32% with category I rFNA results, and 42% category III. Conclusions rFNA for category I and III nodules provided a definitive diagnosis in only 40% of cases, which is important for patient counseling. Malignancy rates at our centre were higher for these categories than predicted by Bethesda. Clinical management should consider institution specific malignancy rates, patient factors, and ultrasound findings.
Translation, cultural adaptation and validation of the SCHNOS in French
Authors: Atallah Marie-Renée , Milad Daniel , Benamer Youcef-Hamza , Saltychev Mikhail , Most Sam P. , Moubayed Sami P. 
Published: March 2019

Background The Standardized Cosmesis and Health Nasal Outcomes Survey (SCHNOS) is a validated questionnaire that assesses functional and aesthetic outcomes of rhinoplasty patients. There are 274 million French speakers worldwide, and this questionnaire is currently not available in French. The purpose of this study was to translate, adapt, and validate a French version of the SCHNOS questionnaire. Methods The SCHNOS questionnaire was translated from English to French according to international guidelines. Ten French-speaking rhinoplasty patients were interviewed in order to evaluate the understandability and acceptability of the translation and produce a final version. The final version was administered prospectively to 25 rhinoplasty patients and 25 controls at two-week intervals. It was then administered to 165 consecutive patients. Psychometric properties were evaluated using the Item Reponse Theory (IRT) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Results Three items from the original SCHNOS were modified to produce the French-SCHNOS (F-SCHNOS). Discrimination abilities of F-SCHNOS-O and F-SCHNOS-C were perfect, with values of 2.18( p < 0.001, 95% CI 1.74 to 2.62) for SCHNOS-O and 2.62( p < 0.001, 95% CI 2.03 to 3.21). Internal consistency was high, with Cronbach's alpha of 0.93 for F-SCHNOS-O and 0.95 for F-SCHNOS-C. IRT showed good psychometric properties with almost each step up or down across the scale associating with meaningful differences in outcome severity. All four SCHNOS-O items were equally “important” in defining the total score. The F-SCHNOS-C total score was defined by mostly four out of six items. Conclusions The SCHNOS was translated, adapted, and psychometrically validated for use in a French-speaking population.
ALK Resistance Mutations and Efficacy of Lorlatinib in Advanced Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase-Positive Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Shaw Alice T. , Solomon Benjamin J. , Besse Benjamin , Bauer Todd M. , Lin Chia-Chi , Soo Ross A. , Riely Gregory J. , Ou Sai-Hong Ignatius , Clancy Jill S. , Li Sherry , Abbattista Antonello , Thurm Holger , Satouchi Miyako , Camidge D. Ross , Kao Steven , Chiari Rita , Gadgeel Shirish M. , Felip Enriqueta , Martini Jean-François 
Published: March 2019

PURPOSE Lorlatinib is a potent, brain-penetrant, third-generation anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)/ROS1 tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) with robust clinical activity in advanced ALK-positive non–small-cell lung cancer, including in patients who have failed prior ALK TKIs. Molecular determinants of response to lorlatinib have not been established, but preclinical data suggest that ALK resistance mutations may represent a biomarker of response in previously treated patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS Baseline plasma and tumor tissue samples were collected from 198 patients with ALK-positive non–small-cell lung cancer from the registrational phase II study of lorlatinib. We analyzed plasma DNA for ALK mutations using Guardant360. Tumor tissue DNA was analyzed using an ALK mutation–focused next-generation sequencing assay. Objective response rate, duration of response, and progression-free survival were evaluated according to ALK mutation status. RESULTS Approximately one quarter of patients had ALK mutations detected by plasma or tissue genotyping. In patients with crizotinib-resistant disease, the efficacy of lorlatinib was comparable among patients with and without ALK mutations using plasma or tissue genotyping. In contrast, in patients who had failed 1 or more second-generation ALK TKIs, objective response rate was higher among patients with ALK mutations (62% v 32% [plasma]; 69% v 27% [tissue]). Progression-free survival was similar in patients with and without ALK mutations on the basis of plasma genotyping (median, 7.3 months v 5.5 months; hazard ratio, 0.81) but significantly longer in patients with ALK mutations identified by tissue genotyping (median, 11.0 months v 5.4 months; hazard ratio, 0.47). CONCLUSION In patients who have failed 1 or more second-generation ALK TKIs, lorlatinib shows greater efficacy in patients with ALK mutations compared with patients without ALK mutations. Tumor genotyping for ALK mutations after failure of a second-generation TKI may identify patients who are more likely to derive clinical benefit from lorlatinib.
Phytochemical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of Litsea angulata extracts
Authors: Kuspradini Harlinda , Wulandari Indah , Putri Agmi Sinta , Tiya Sabeti Yulis , Kusuma Irawan Wijaya 
Published: March 2019

Background: Litsea angulata is a plant species belonging to Lauraceae family that is distributed throughout Indonesia, Malaysia, and New Guinea. The seeds have been traditionally used by local people in Kalimantan, Indonesia for the treatment of boils; however, there is no information about the potency of its branch, bark and leaves yet. This study aimed to determine the antioxidant, antimicrobial activity as well as the phytochemical constituent of Litsea angulata branch, bark, and leaves. Methods: Extraction was performed by successive maceration method using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol solvent. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH radical scavenging assay. The antimicrobial activity using the 96 well-plate microdilution broth method against Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus mutans. Results: Based on the phytochemical analysis, it showed that extract of L. angulata contains alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, and coumarin. The results showed that all extracts of plant samples displayed the ability to inhibit DPPH free radical formation and all tested microorganisms. Conclusions: L. angulata contains secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, carotenoids, and coumarin. The antioxidant activity on different plant extracts was a range as very strong to weak capacity. All extracts in this study could inhibit the growth of S. aureus and S. mutans.
ТРАДИЦИОННЫЕ И ИННОВАЦИОННЫЕ ПОДХОДЫ К ОЦЕНИВАНИЮ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНЫХ РЕЗУЛЬТАТОВ ШКОЛЬНИКОВ ВО ФРАНЦИИ
Authors: Vorobieva Svetlana Gennadevna , Vorobieva Anna Yurevna , Krasheninnikova Ekaterina Ivanovna 
Published: March 2019

В статье рассматривается проблема совершенствования системы оценивания в соответствии с нуждами общества в конкретный период времени.Цель. Основной целью статьи является анализ научной литературы, выявляющей различные подходы к оцениванию образовательных результатов учебной деятельности во Франции. Авторы также сравнивают взгляды на оценивание, представленные в работах известных французских педагогов, психологов и деятелей в сфере образования.Метод или методология проведения работы. Теоретический анализ психолого-педагогической литературы французских ученых, принцип системности, структурности и преемственности.Результаты. Результаты работы заключаются в том, что авторы, анализируя полученные данные, делают вывод о том, что оценивание учащихся по компетенциям исключает селективность и более точно отражает достижения учащихся. Наиболее оптимальным подходом может стать сочетание традиционного и инновационного методов оценивания.Область применения результатов. Представленные в статье данные могут быть использованы отечественными педагогами для совершенствования системы оценивания, существующей в современной России.
ПРОБЛЕМЫ ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОЙ ИДЕНТИФИКАЦИИ СТУДЕНТОВ КОЛЛЕДЖА
Authors: Gitman Elena Konstantinovna , Soloveva Svetlana Igorevna 
Published: March 2019

Цель: статья посвящена проблеме профессиональной идентификации студентов в колледже. Предметом анализа выступает профессиональная идентификация студентов колледжа как составляющая социальной идентификации. Авторы ставят своей целью выявить проблемы сущностных изменений процесса идентификации в профессиональной деятельности на современном этапе развития общества.Методы исследования: в качестве основного метода диагностики и тестирования для определения уровня идентификации были использованы тест по методике М. Куна «Кто я?» в модификации Т.В. Румянцевой и «Тест смысло-жизненных ориентаций» в модификации Д.А. Леонтьева и аналитико-синтетические методы.Результаты: по результатам опроса студентов рассматривается взаимосвязь основных категорий и ключевых понятий, характеризующих процесс идентификации студента в профессиональной деятельности. Авторы делают вывод о наличии проблемы профессиональной идентификации студента в современных условиях.Область применения результатов: полученные результаты исследования могут оказаться полезными при разработке рекомендаций педагогам по развитию профессиональной идентификации у студентов.
ПРОБЛЕМНЫЕ И РЕСУРСНЫЕ ЗОНЫ ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ДЕТЕРМИНАНТ ЖИЗНЕДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ СОВРЕМЕННЫХ ОСЕТИН
Authors: Dreev Oleg Ivanovich , Dreeva Svetlana Vladimirovna 
Published: March 2019

Цель исследования: выявить проблемные и ресурсные зоны детерминант жизнедеятельности современных осетин, проживающих в Северной и Южной Осетии, и предложить объяснительные принципы выявленных особенностей.Методы. Опрос, с использованием следующих психологических методик: «Опросник жизненных ориентаций» Е.Ю. Коржовой; «Методика исследования жизненных смыслов» В.Ю. Котлякова; Методика «Уровень соотношения “ценности” и “доступности” в различных жизненных сферах» Е.Б. Фанталовой; Методика «Духовный кризис» Л.В. Шутовой, А.В. Ляшук; Опросник «Дифференциальный тип рефлексии» Д.А. Леонтьева, Е.М. Лаптевой, Е.Н. Осина, А.Ж. Салиховой. Интерпретация полученных результатов осуществлялась путем анализа этнопсихологической, социологической, этнографической, исторической литературы по данной проблематике.Результаты. Высокий уровень материальных потребностей, низкая мотивация в приобщении к духовным ценностям являются причинами духовного кризиса осетин. Эта проблема обусловлена не этнокультурными или ментальными особенностями осетин, а сменой системы общественных отношений и процессом формирования потребительского общества. Рефлексия, поиск групп самоидентификации и институтов социальной защищенности могут стать ресурсной зоной выхода из духовного кризиса. Высокая значимость семьи, как адаптивного и защитного института определяет то, что «Счастливая семейная жизнь» для осетин является ведущей потребностью и одновременно наиболее конфликтной ценностью в силу ее труднодостижимости.Область применения результатов. Полученные результаты могут быть применятся при реализации мероприятий, способствующих повышению активности и качества жизнеосуществления представителей различных этнических групп в конкретных регионах современного общества.
Exploring patients' interest in complementary therapies in a specialist palliative care unit
Authors: Harte Joanne , Leahy Helen , McCarthy Jill , O'Brien Tony 
Published: March 2019

Background: The use of complementary therapy has become increasingly integrated into specialist palliative care units (SPCUs). Objective: To evaluate patients' interest in and experience of complementary therapies during their inpatient stay in a SPCU. Method: All 179 patients admitted to the SPCU over a 3-month period were assessed on admission. Those deemed suitable to participate by the researcher/clinical nurse specialist were invited to participate in this research. A standardised paper questionnaire was completed by the participating patients. Results: 71 patients (40%) completed the study. Those excluded had cognitive impairment, fatigue, communication difficulties or were imminently dying. Some declined to participate. A variety of age groups and diagnoses were represented. Only 27% of participants had a previous experience of using complementary therapies in the past 12 months. The majority (52%) were ‘very interested’ in receiving complementary therapy, while 13% reported having ‘no interest’. Massage and reflexology were identified as the most popular forms of complementary therapy. The primary anticipated benefits associated with complementary therapy were relaxation and improvement in general wellbeing. Conclusion: This research has indicated a high level of interest in complementary therapies in the study population, across a wide age range regardless of diagnosis or level of disease.
Language barrier and its implications for practice in Kuwait prehospital settings
Authors: Nuguid Enrique Luis , Muir Fiona 
Published: March 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this research was to explore the implications of language barrier among emergency medical technicians (EMTs) and paramedics in a prehospital setting in Kuwait. Methods: A small-scale exploratory case study was carried out using a qualitative method. Focus group interviews were conducted with prehospital providers in Kuwait. An inductive thematic analysis was performed whereby themes and sub-themes emerged from within the data. Results: The data revealed that language barrier has a direct effect on healthcare delivery with implications for an unpleasant patient experience, time delay and misdiagnosis; professional implications which include the need to enhance learning through communication and training to improve practice and support with translation; and personal implications including declining efficiency level, negative socio-emotional impact and physiologic response. Conclusion: This study contributes to the scarcity of available research determining the effects and implications of language barrier for EMTs and paramedics in a prehospital setting in Kuwait. It brings the deficiencies of the Kuwait emergency medical services (EMS) to light, as language disparities affect prehospital providers and their quality of work. Strategies for overcoming the language barrier, implemented by the respondents in this study, form a basis for the Kuwait EMS to address unexplored issues that could potentially improve prehospital practice. While the findings may not be generalisable, they may be transferable to other areas of practice with comparable situations where healthcare providers face challenges when communicating with their patients.
Global patient experience of paramedic practice
Authors: Perry Matt , Usher Kim , Jackson Debra 
Published: March 2019

Background: Paramedics occupy an ever-increasing role within healthcare and the development of this role should be informed by the voice of patients. This systematic literature review seeks to explore patient experience during a paramedic intervention. Methods: Using a ‘state of the art’ review style, a systematic search was conducted of the literature published between 2006 and 2018. Following PRISMA guidelines, a total of seven articles meeting the inclusion criteria were identified. A definition of experience which incorporates several dimensions was used to frame the search. Results: Three themes were identified, with the available literature focusing mainly on satisfaction. Satisfaction is improved through certainty and clarity of the progression through treatment and is high among patients of paramedics. Conclusion: Our understanding of patient experience in paramedic interventions is largely limited to an understanding of satisfaction. While this may provide some useful insights, other facets such as the lived experience and physiologic aspects are underrepresented in the current evidence base.
Positional disappearance of motor evoked potentials is much more likely to occur in non-idiopathic scoliosis
Authors: Rizkallah M. , El Abiad R. , Badr E. , Ghanem I. 
Published: March 2019

Purpose This study evaluates intraoperative disappearance of motor waveforms related to patient positioning in neurologically asymptomatic patients with spinal deformity. Methods This is a retrospective review of 190 neurologically asymptomatic patients aged seven to 17 years planned for posterior instrumentation under neuromonitoring. There were 159 patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis and 31 patients with secondary scoliosis. Patients underwent surgery with transcranial electric stimulation motor evoked potentials (TES-MEPs). In case of abnormal findings, surgery was temporarily discontinued and necessary measures undertaken. In case of permanent signal disappearance surgery was definitively discontinued. Results Six patients showed permanent loss of signal during early stages of surgery. These patients had a mean major curve of 64° Cobb angle and a mean thoracic kyphosis (D2 to D12) of 72°. The 184 remaining patients had a mean major curve of 50° Cobb angle and a thoracic kyphosis of 35°. A retrospective descriptive review of the patients’ radiographs shows hyperkyphosis to be the common ground between the six secondary scoliosis cases. Gradual preoperative traction maintained during the surgery applied in two of these patients taken back to surgery six months later was associated with maintenance of TES-MEP signals throughout the surgery. Conclusion This study shows that positional permanent loss of neuromonitoring signals is more likely to occur in patients with secondary scoliosis and hyperkyphosis shown to have sharper spine deformity and suspected to have a more vulnerable spinal cord. Gradual skeletal traction performed in two of these patients and maintained during surgery showed promising results. Level of Evidence IV
Spontaneous Closure of a Large Transmural Gastric Defect After Removal of a Migrated AXIOS Stent
Authors: Alshati Ali , Srinivasan Indu , Chuang Keng-Yu 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACT
Pancreatic fluid collections occur in 5%–15% of acute complicated pancreatitis cases. Endoscopic drainage using lumen-apposing metal stents has become the treatment of choice with less incidence of complications, shorter hospital stays, and less cost. The AXIOS stent has proven to be safe and effective in several studies. Despite a low complication rate, bleeding, perforation, and stent migration were still reported. In this case, a patient presented for delayed AXIOS stent removal and was found to have stent migration with embedment in the gastric wall. The transmural defect that resulted after endoscopic stent removal was observed to close spontaneously without further need for intervention.
Corrosion characteristics of an automotive coolant formulation dispersed with nanomaterials
Authors: Gandham Sriganesh , Nettem V. Choudhary , Peddy V.C. Rao , T. A. Rajiv Kumar , Vadapalli Srinivas 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThis paper summarizes the anti-corrosive and anti-erosive properties of water-ethylene glycol based commercial coolant dispersed with nanomaterials. Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), silver nanoparticles (Ag) and nanosized alumina particles (Al2O3) are dispersed in 0.5% weight in automotive coolants and tested for anti-corrosive properties as per ASTM standards. Prior to dispersion, the nanomaterials are surface modified to get good stability in coolant solutions. The corrosion resistance is measured in terms of weight loss of materials that is commonly used in automotive systems. It is found that oxidized MWCNTs are suitable to automotive systems while silver and Al2O3nanoparticles are found to be deleterious in nature.