bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MTBE in Southern California water
Authors: Dale Melissa S. , Koch Bart , Losee Richard F. , Crofts Eric W. , Davis Marshall K. 
Published: February 2018

Motorized recreational watercraft were the predominant mode of contamination in reservoirs.Methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) is a common fuel oxygenate used in motor vehicle fuels to control emissions and boost octane. It is more water‐soluble than other fuel constituents and does not adsorb well to substrates such as soil. It can contaminate groundwater supplies through leaking underground fuel storage tanks and pipelines, and through spills, urban storm runoff, and precipitation. It can also contaminate open water reservoirs through exhaust from motorized watercraft. The Metropolitan Water District of Southern California surveyed six reservoirs that supply drinking water in Southern California. Recreation on these reservoirs ranged from none at all to high activity with personal watercraft. It was found that motorized watercraft can contribute a significant amount of MTBE to the water supply.
Effect of spatial arrangement and structure of hierarchically patterned fibrous scaffolds generated by a femtosecond laser on cardiomyoblast behavior
Authors: Jun Indong , Kim Kyeongsoo , Chung Yong‐Woo , Shin Hyeok Jun , Han Hyung‐Seop , Edwards James R. , Ok Myoung‐Ryul , Kim Yu‐Chan , Seok Hyun‐Kwang , Shin Heungsoo , Jeon Hojeong 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBiological responses on biomaterials occur either on their surface or at the interface. Therefore, surface characterization is an essential step in the fabrication of ideal biomaterials for achieving effective control of the interaction between the material surface and the biological environment. Herein, we applied femtosecond laser ablation on electrospun fibrous scaffolds to fabricate various hierarchical patterns with a focus on the alignment of cells. We investigated the simultaneously stimulated response of cardiomyoblasts based on multiple topographical cues, including scales, oriented directions, and spatial arrangements, in the fibrous scaffolds. Our results demonstrated a synergistic effect on cell behaviors of one or more structural arrangements in a homogeneous orientation, whereas antagonistic effects were observed for cells arranged on a surface with heterogeneous directions. Taken together, these results indicate that our hierarchically patterned fibrous scaffolds may be useful tools for understanding the cellular behavior on fibrous scaffolds used to mimic an extracellular matrix‐like environment. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 1732–1742, 2018.
Modulation of Schlemm's canal endothelial cell stiffness via latrunculin loaded block copolymer micelles
Authors: Stack Trevor , Vahabikashi Amir , Johnson Mark , Scott Evan 
Published: February 2018

AbstractIncreased stiffness of Schlemm's canal endothelial cells (SC cells) is a major contributing factor to the increased pressure characteristic of primary open‐angle glaucoma. New treatments for glaucoma are being developed using actin depolymerizers and rho kinase inhibitors to address this increased stiffness. However, these agents have off‐target effects and are not as potent as had been hoped. We have developed a micellar nanocarrier assembled from poly(ethylene glycol)‐bl‐poly(propylene sulfide) copolymers capable of encapsulating latrunculin A (Lat A) with the goal of modulating SC cell stiffness. Lat A‐loaded nanocarriers were similar in size and morphology to unloaded poly (ethylene glycol)‐bl‐poly(propylene sulfide) (PEG‐bl‐PPS) micelles, loaded Lat A at 62% encapsulation efficiency, and retained loaded Lat A for at least 22 days. The continued functional activity of Lat A following encapsulation within micelles was verified in murine macrophages, which are known to display decreased endocytosis in response to Lat A‐dependent cytoskeletal disruption. Endocytic inhibition remained unchanged when comparing equal concentrations of micelle‐loaded versus free form Lat A. Uptake of Lat A‐loaded micelles by human SC cells was verified in vitro with no sign of cytotoxicity, and modulation of SC cell stiffness was measured by atomic force microscopy. Lat A‐loaded micelles significantly decreased SC cell stiffness, which resulted in visible changes in cell morphology as observed by confocal microscopy. Our results demonstrate that PEG‐bl‐PPS micelles represent a tunable platform for the controlled intracellular delivery of latrunculin. These self‐assembled polymeric nanobiomaterials may support the rational design and engineering of delivery systems for the treatment of glaucoma. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 1771–1779, 2018.
Aligned nanofiber material supports cell growth and increases osteogenesis in canine adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cells in vitro
Authors: Pandey Sony , Rathore Kusum , Johnson Jed , Cekanova Maria 
Published: February 2018

AbstractTissue engineering shows great promise for the treatment of degenerative diseases, including bone repair. Polymer nanofibers provide a three‐dimensional (3‐D) scaffold for attachment and growth of mesenchymal stem cells. Increasing evidence supports that fiber alignment on scaffolds plays a major role in the viability and differentiation of stem cells. We compared the cell viability of canine adipose tissue‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (cADMSCs) cultured in the aligned‐ (NanoAligned™) and random‐ (NanoECM™) oriented polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofiber‐coated plates to control polystyrene tissue culture plates using a proliferation assay. Ability of the plates to induce differentiation of cADMSCs into osteocytes, adipocytes, and neurons was evaluated based on expression of the osteocyte markers, COL1A1 and osterix; adipocyte markers PPARγ2 and LPL; and neuronal marker nestin using RT‐PCR. Proliferation results demonstrated that aligned‐oriented PCL nanofiber‐coated plates were more suitable substrate for cADMSCs after 7 days in culture compared to random‐oriented PCL nanofiber‐coated or control plates. Additionally, we demonstrated that both 3‐D PCL nanofiber‐coated plates were a better scaffold for cADMSCs differentiation into osteocytes compared to control plates. In conclusion, our results confirm that PCL nanofiber is a suitable tissue engineering material for use in regenerative medicine for canine patients in vivo. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 1780–1788, 2018.
Spheroid‐based 3D cell cultures identify salinomycin as a promising drug for the treatment of chondrosarcoma
Authors: Perut Francesca , Sbrana Francesca V. , Avnet Sofia , De Milito Angelo , Baldini Nicola 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACTChondrosarcoma (CS) is a cartilage malignancy of adulthood that is treated by surgery alone, since chemotherapy is considered ineffective. Unfortunately, a large proportion of patients with CS develop lung metastases, and several die of the disease. In this study, we compared 3D‐spheroid cultures and conventional cell monolayer models in order to identify the best way to select anticancer agents that could be effective for the systemic control of CS. Using SW1353 cells, we developed a three‐dimensional (3D) in vitro culture model to mimic in vivo features of CS microenvironment and evaluated the efficacy of different drugs to modulate CS cell proliferation and survival in 2D versus 3D‐cultures. Doxorubicin (DXR) and cisplatin, that are widely employed in sarcomas, were less effective on 3D‐CS spheroids when compared to standard monolayer models, whereas treatment with the ionophore salinomycin (SAL) had a strong cytotoxic effect both on 2D and 3D‐cultures. Furthermore, as demonstrated by the reduced viability and the enhanced DXR nuclear localization, SAL enhanced DXR cytotoxicity in 3D‐CS spheroids also at sub‐lethal doses. SAL activity on 3D‐CS spheroids was mediated by a significant induction of apoptosis via caspase activation. This study demonstrates that preclinical tests significantly differ in monolayer and 3D cultures of CS cells. Using this approach, SAL, alone or, at sub‐lethal concentrations, in combination with DXR, represents a promising agent for the systemic treatment of CS. © 2018 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:2305–2312, 2018.
Influence of periodontitis and scaling and root planing on insulin resistance and hepatic CD36 in obese rats
Authors: Ni Jia , Chen Lei , Zhong Sulan , Chai Qiaoxue , Zhang Lin , Wang Dan , Li Shaobing , Zhang Jincai 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of the study was to explore the influence of periodontitis and scaling and root planing (SRP) on insulin resistance and hepatic CD36 in obese rats with periodontitis.MethodsThirty‐two specific pathogen free Sprague‐Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups of eight animals each as follows: healthy rats (healthy group), obese rats (obesity group), obese rats with periodontitis (non‐therapy group), and obese rats with periodontitis who underwent periodontal SRP (therapy group). Rats were fed with a high‐fat diet for 16 weeks to build an obesity model. Periodontal inflammation was induced by performing periodontal ligation with Porphyromonas gingivalis. The tissue around the maxillary second molars, bilaterally, were collected. The periodontal attachment level (from the cemento‐enamel junction to the bottom of the periodontal pocket) of the second molars was measured in all groups. All rats were subjected to fasting blood glucose, insulin, and serum C‐reactive protein tests (CRP). Insulin resistance was evaluated by homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA‐IR), oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and area under the curve (AUC). The liver was excised to detect intrahepatic free fatty acid (FFA) levels and pathologic observation. Real‐time quantification PCR, western blot, and immunohistochemistry were applied to detect hepatic CD36 expression.ResultsCompared with the obesity group, HOMA‐IR, AUC, intrahepatic FFA, and protein expression, and mRNA levels of hepatic CD36 in the non‐therapy group were significantly increased (P < 0.05). HOMA‐IR, AUC, CRP, protein expression, and mRNA levels of hepatic CD36 were all significantly decreased (P < 0.05) 2‐weeks after SRP.ConclusionsPeriodontitis increases insulin resistance while scaling and root planning could improve insulin resistance. Hepatic CD36 regulation may be considered a potential mechanism for this phenomenon.
The KCNQ1 gene polymorphism as a shared genetic risk for rheumatoid arthritis and chronic periodontitis in Japanese adults: A pilot case‐control study
Authors: Kobayashi Tetsuo , Kido Jun‐ichi , Ishihara Yuichi , Omori Kazuhiro , Ito Satoshi , Matsuura Takato , Bando Takashi , Wada Jun , Murasawa Akira , Nakazono Kiyoshi , Mitani Akio , Takashiba Shogo , Nagata Toshihiko , Yoshie Hiromasa 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBackgroundA number of studies have suggested a bidirectional relationship of periodontitis with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the genetic factors that underlie these relationships have not been elucidated.MethodsWe conducted a multicenter case‐control study that included 185 patients with RA and chronic periodontitis (CP), 149 patients with T2DM and CP, 251 patients with CP, and 130 systemically and periodontally healthy controls from a cohort of Japanese adults to assess the shared genetic risk factors for RA and CP as well as for T2DM and CP. A total of 17 candidate single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with RA, T2DM, and CP were genotyped.ResultsMultiple logistic regression analyses revealed that the KCNQ1 rs2237892 was significantly associated with comorbidity of RA and CP (P = 0.005) after adjustment for age, sex, and smoking status. The carriers of the T allele among patients with RA and CP showed significantly higher disease activity scores including 28 joints using C‐reactive protein values than the non‐carriers (P = 0.02), although the age, female percentage, and smoking status were comparable. Other SNPs were not associated with comorbidity of RA and CP, T2DM and CP, or susceptibility to CP.ConclusionThe results of the present pilot study suggest for the first time that the KCNQ1 rs2237892 may constitute a shared genetic risk factor for RA and CP, but not for T2DM and CP in Japanese adults.
Asiaticoside induces osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament cells through the Wnt pathway
Authors: Fitri Atika Resti , Pavasant Prasit , Chamni Supakarn , Sumrejkanchanakij Piyamas 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBackgroundAsiaticoside is a compound isolated from Herb Centella asiatica, which has been shown to promote osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament (hPDL) cells. This study investigated the molecular mechanism underlying the asiaticoside‐induced osteogenic differentiation of hPDL cells.MethodshPDL cells were incubated with various concentrations of asiaticoside to test cell viability by MTT assay. The mRNA expression levels were analyzed by using quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Osteogenic differentiation was determined by alkaline phosphatase activity assay and alizarin red staining. The subcellular localization of β‐catenin was analyzed by both immunofluorescence and western blot.ResultsThe results showed that asiaticoside had no effect on the cell viability at any of the tested concentrations. Real‐time PCR revealed that osterix (OSX) and dentin matrix protein1 (DMP1) mRNA were significantly enhanced by asiaticoside treatment. Alkaline phosphatase activity and in vitro mineralization were also significantly induced. Interestingly, asiaticoside dose‐dependently increased WNT3A mRNA expression, but not WNT5A and WNT10B. The activation of Wnt signaling was shown to result in nuclear accumulation of β‐catenin as evaluated by immunofluorescence staining and western blot analysis. Pre‐treatment with recombinant human Dickkopf1 (rhDKK1) inhibited asiaticoside‐induced β‐catenin nuclear translocation and osteoblast marker gene expression. Moreover, rhDKK1 attenuated asiaticoside‐induced DMP1 protein expression.ConclusionThe data demonstrate that asiaticoside induces osteogenic differentiation of hPDL cells by activating the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway. The findings suggest that asiaticoside could be used as a novel therapeutic drug for periodontal tissue regeneration.
Insights Into Molecular Interaction of Antitumor Drug Mitoxantrone With Anionic Surfactant Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate at Different Temperatures
Authors: Enache Mirela , Toader Ana Maria 
Published: February 2018

AbstractA study of the interaction of antitumor drug mitoxantrone with anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) has been carried out by UV–Vis absorption spectroscopy at submicellar and micellar surfactant concentrations, pH 7.4 and 10, and over a temperature range of 293.15–323.15 K. The variation of the monomer drug absorbance as a function of SDS concentration indicates, at pH 7.4 and all investigated temperatures, two definite processes: process I in the submicellar range, attributed to the electrostatic interaction between mitoxantrone and SDS monomers; and process II in the micellar range, when the drug is incorporated into SDS micelles in monomer form. At pH 10, the results have indicated only the process II at micellar SDS concentrations. The monomer absorbance changes occurring as a result of the interactions between mitoxantrone and SDS were rationalized in terms of binding constant, micelle/water partition coefficient, and the corresponding thermodynamic parameters for binding and partitioning processes. Thermodynamic parameters indicate that at pH 7.4 both binding process of mitoxantrone to SDS and partition process of mitoxantrone between micellar and bulk aqueous phases are spontaneous and enthalpy controlled, while at pH 10 both processes are spontaneous and entropy controlled.
Pup‐rearing habitat use in a harvested carnivore
Authors: Jacobs Caitlin E. , Ausband David E. 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACTChanges in behavior and habitat use are often influenced by the risk of predation, including harvest, and carnivores alter their habitat use and movements to minimize predation risk. Large carnivores are subject to harvest around the world; however, few studies examine whether habitat use is different between harvested and unharvested carnivore populations. We examined the effects of harvest on gray wolf (Canis lupus) use of pup‐rearing habitat. We predicted that in comparison to an unharvested population of wolves, wolves subject to harvest would use less suitable pup‐rearing habitat (i.e., sites with no standing water source and dense vegetation with no open areas) and locate pup‐rearing sites in areas with lower human activity. We also predicted that wolves would use less suitable pup‐rearing habitat following breeder turnover. Finally, we predicted that field surveys using a method for monitoring an unharvested wolf population would detect fewer active pup‐rearing sites and document fewer detections of scat, tracks, and howls of a harvested wolf population. We tested whether a habitat model for predicting pup‐rearing sites used by an unharvested wolf population accurately predicted sites used by a harvested wolf population. To examine the effect of human activity, we calculated the road density within a 500‐m buffer around sites used by an unharvested and harvested population of wolves. We also evaluated the habitat suitability of pup‐rearing sites following the death of a breeder. Finally, we conducted field surveys of a harvested wolf population with a monitoring technique used for unharvested wolf populations, and compared detections of pup‐rearing sites, scats, tracks, and howls between the unharvested and harvested wolf populations. Harvest did not affect wolf use of pup‐rearing habitat. Wolves subject to harvest used highly suitable habitat (i.e., areas with standing, ephemeral water) to raise pups, road density near pup‐rearing sites did not differ between harvested and unharvested wolf populations, and breeder turnover did not result in packs choosing less suitable pup‐rearing habitat. Finally, field surveys successfully detected pup‐rearing sites of wolves subject to harvest but documented fewer detections of scats and tracks, likely because of a decrease in wolf density. Wolves subject to harvest chose highly suitable habitat to raise pups, indicating that such habitat provides optimal resources in a landscape where harvest is a dominant source of mortality. In areas where such habitat is limited, it is important to consider how environmental changes affect the availability of suitable habitat. © 2018 The Wildlife Society.
Computational Study on the Thermal Decomposition of Phenol‐Type Monolignols
Authors: Furutani Yuki , Dohara Yuki , Kudo Shinji , Hayashi Jun‐Ichiro , Norinaga Koyo 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACTA detailed chemical kinetic model has been developed to theoretically predict the pyrolysis behavior of phenol‐type monolignol compounds (1‐(4‐hydroxyphenyl)prop‐2‐en‐1‐one, HPP; p‐coumaryl alcohol, 3‐hydroxy‐1‐(4‐hydroxyphenyl)propan‐1‐one, HHPP; 1‐(4‐hydroxyphenyl)propane‐1,3‐diol, HPPD) released from the primary heterogeneous pyrolysis of lignin. The possible thermal decomposition pathways involving unimolecular decomposition, H‐addition, and H‐abstraction by H and CH3 radicals were investigated by comparing the activation energies calculated at the M06–2X/6–311++G(d,p) level of theory. The results indicated that all phenol‐type monolignol compounds convert to phenol by side‐chain cleavage. p‐Coumaryl alcohol decomposes into phenol via the formation of 4‐vinylphenol, whereas HPP, HHPP, and HPPD decompose into phenol via the formation of 4‐hydroxybenzaldehyde. The pyrolytic pathways focusing on the reactivity of the hydroxyl group in HPP and producing cyclopentadiene (cyc‐C5H6) were also investigated. The transition state theory (TST) rate constants for all the proposed elementary reaction channels were calculated at the high‐pressure limit in the temperature range of 300–1500 K. The kinetic analysis predicted the two favorable unimolecular decomposition pathways in HPP: the one is the dominant channel below 1000 K to produce cyc‐C5H6, and the other is above 1000 K to yield phenol (C6H5OH).
Long‐term experience with intranasal bevacizumab therapy
Authors: Steineger Johan , Osnes Terje , Heimdal Ketil , Dheyauldeen Sinan 
Published: February 2018

Objectives/HypothesisLong‐term follow‐up of intranasal bevacizumab therapy in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT).Study DesignProspective, noncomparative study.MethodsPatients treated for HHT‐associated epistaxis by intranasal submucosal bevacizumab injections between June 2011 and August 2013 were included and followed prospectively. The effectiveness of the treatment was evaluated by the epistaxis severity score (ESS); the epistaxis intensity, frequency, and the need of blood transfusion (IFT) score; and hemoglobin levels.ResultsThirty‐three patients were included. The total number of treatments with intranasal bevacizumab injection was 210. The mean number of treatments per patient was 6.2 ± 4.6 (range, 1–16), and the mean treatment and observation period was 38.8 ± 21.8 months (range, 2–66 months). Four patients showed no improvement after treatment. Eleven patients (33.3%) showed initial improvement in both ESS and IFT, but the treatment was discontinued before the end of the study because the effect became gradually shorter lasting despite repeated injections. Twelve patients (36.3%) continued to have a positive response to the treatment at the end of the study. No local adverse effects were observed, but one patient developed osteonecrosis in both knees during the treatment period.ConclusionsIntranasal bevacizumab injection is an effective treatment for most of the moderate and severe grades of HHT‐associated epistaxis. The duration of the effect of the treatment was variable. Primary and late resistance phenomena to the treatment were quite common.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 128:2237–2244, 2018
Who pays for journal publishing? The user’s point of view
Authors: Coles Bryan R. 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACTScientists are users of science journals in two senses—to enter their own work and to learn of others—but are rarely the direct purchaser of them. The health of research is inextricably bound up with the learned journal. Muck is contributed by scientists to their journals in invisible ways, such as refereeing and editing. The creation of an archive of information is the primary service the journal supplies. Libraries pay for its entry into the system; research organizations and university faculties must recognize that this cost has to be met.The views expressed here are those of a publisher as well as of a user.
Technical processing of electronic journals in libraries
Authors: McMillan Gail 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACTElectronic journals portend tremendous advantages to libraries. Patron access is swift and sure; these journals are never missing from the shelves, and they need not be delayed for technical processing because they can be ‘sent’ to public display and serials maintenance almost simultaneously. However, how will library users know what journals are available to them? They should be able to find electronic journals through the same means they find information in all other formats—through libraries’ online catalogs. The phrase ‘mark it and park it’ has not lost its relevance in the virtual library environment.