bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intraoperative Soft Tissue Balance/Kinematics and Clinical Evaluation of Modified Kinematically versus Mechanically Aligned Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Matsumoto Tomoyuki , Takayama Koji , Ishida Kazunari , Kuroda Yuichi , Tsubosaka Masanori , Muratsu Hirotsugu , Hayashi Shinya , Hashimoto Shingo , Matsushita Takehiko , Niikura Takahiro , Kuroda Ryosuke 
Published: May 2019

AbstractRecently, kinematically aligned total knee arthroplasty has been found to achieve better clinical outcomes than mechanically aligned TKA. Despite the good clinical outcomes that are reported at short- to mid-term follow-up, intraoperative variables that are associated with a better outcome have not been measured. Therefore, this study was conducted to compare intraoperative kinematics/soft tissue balance and the clinical outcomes of patients who underwent modified kinematically (restricted tibial cut) or mechanically aligned total knee arthroplasty. Sixty cruciate-retaining total knee arthroplasties (30 modified kinematically [3-degree varus and 7-degree posterior slope in tibial cut] and 30 mechanically aligned) were performed in patients with varus-type osteoarthritis using a navigation system. Intraoperative kinematics assessed by the navigation system and soft tissue balance assessed by an offset-type tensor were compared between the groups. One year postoperatively, the range of motion and 2011 Knee Society scores were compared between the groups. Kinematic assessment exhibited that tibial internal rotation during flexion was significantly maintained in the kinematic compared with the mechanical group (p < 0.05). Varus/valgus ligament balance at 90 and 120 degrees of flexion significantly maintained lateral laxity in the kinematic compared with the mechanical group (p < 0.05). Improvement of flexion angles, functional activity scores, and patient satisfaction were significantly better in the kinematic than in the mechanical group (p < 0.05). Modified kinematically aligned cruciate-retaining total knee arthroplasty maintained more tibial internal rotation and lateral laxity during flexion than mechanically aligned total knee arthroplasty; thus, the former may result in better clinical outcomes.
Simultaneous Bilateral Extensor Mechanism Disruptions: More Than Double the Trouble?
Authors: Seifert Christina , Vokes Jordan , Roberts Aaron , Gorczyca John , Judd Kyle 
Published: May 2019

AbstractSimultaneous bilateral extensor mechanism disruption (BEMD) is a rare condition, for which the relationship between comorbid conditions, complications, and clinical outcomes has not been well defined. We hypothesized that patients with BEMD would have more comorbidities, more repair failures, and worse clinical outcomes compared with patients with unilateral extensor mechanism disruption (UEMD). We performed a retrospective review of all adult patients seen at our institution for either a quadriceps or patellar tendon rupture between 2012 and 2017. Statistical analysis was conducted using Student's t-tests and Fisher's exact tests. Significance was defined as p < 0.05. Fourteen patients with BEMD and 221 patients with UEMD were included for comparison. The average length of follow-up was 268 days. Patients with BEMD had higher body mass indexes and higher American Society of Anesthesiologists scores than patients with UEMD. They also had worse Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System physical function scores, nearly four times the length of stay, and three times the rate of repair failures as patients with UEMD. At final follow-up, all 14 patients in the BEMD group were ambulatory and 9 of the 10 patients who were working prior to injury had returned to work. Simultaneous BEMD are rare injuries, occurring in only 6% of the current series. When treating these patients, orthopaedic surgeons should have a heightened awareness that they have more comorbidities, more failures, and worse functional outcomes than their unilateral counterparts.
Gender bias in Nobel prizes
Authors: Lunnemann Per , Jensen Mogens H. , Jauffred Liselotte 
Published: May 2019

AbstractStrikingly few Nobel laureates within medicine, natural and social sciences are women. It is obvious that there are fewer women researchers within these fields, but does this still fully account for the low number of female Nobel laureates? We examine whether women are awarded the Nobel Prizes less often than the gender ratio suggests. Based on historical data across four scientific fields and a Bayesian hierarchical model, we quantify any possible bias. The model reveals, with exceedingly large confidence, that indeed women are strongly under-represented among Nobel laureates across all disciplines examined.
Simulation of gain anisotropy induced by linearly polarised pump radiation in a bipolar Nd : YAG laser
Authors: Milovskii N.D. , Khandokhin P.A. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
A model of a bipolar solid-state Nd : YAG laser is proposed, which takes into account the real orientation of the absorbing and emitting dipoles of active Nd3+ centres in the unit cell of yttrium aluminium garnet. The model describes the experimentally observed effect of gain anisotropy induced by linearly polarised pump radiation and predicts a new form of instability caused by the presence of two competing pump channels, which have not been considered previously in the literature.
Optical pumping of ultracold thulium atoms to a lower level of the clock transition and study of their depolarisation
Authors: Fedorova E.S. , Tregubov D.O. , Golovizin A.A. , Vishnyakova G.A. , Mishin D.A. , Provorchenko D.I. , Khabarova K.Yu. , Sorokin V.N. , Kolachevsky N.N. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The atomic energy levels corresponding to states with the zero projection of the total angular momentum have a weak sensitivity to certain sources of shifts and, therefore, are widely used in precision spectroscopy. The optical pumping of ultracold thulium atoms to the ground state level with the zero projection of the total angular momentum is described. The population dynamics of this state due to magnetic dipole − dipole interaction in an external magnetic field is studied.
Noninvasive imaging of tumor progression, metastasis, and fibrosis using a nanobody targeting the extracellular matrix
Authors: Jailkhani Noor , Ingram Jessica R. , Rashidian Mohammad , Rickelt Steffen , Tian Chenxi , Mak Howard , Jiang Zhigang , Ploegh Hidde L. , Hynes Richard O. 
Published: May 2019

Significance
Cancers, fibroses, and inflammatory disorders are characterized by increased deposition of the extracellular matrix (ECM). ECM biomarkers that are selectively expressed at these disease sites are attractive targets for imaging and therapeutic approaches. Nanobodies against these biomarkers would be pertinent vehicles for the accumulation of imaging and therapeutic cargo at disease sites, potentially increasing specificity and reducing background. We demonstrate the specificity of one such anti-ECM nanobody by using immuno-PET/CT and show that it detects multiple models of cancer, including early lesions and metastases, and also fibroses, with excellent specificity and clarity. Thus, novel strategies for delivering imaging and therapeutic probes specifically to the ECM in disease sites may prove particularly valuable for detection and treatment of cancer in patients.
JASSY, a chloroplast outer membrane protein required for jasmonate biosynthesis
Authors: Guan Li , Denkert Niels , Eisa Ahmed , Lehmann Martin , Sjuts Inga , Weiberg Arne , Soll Jürgen , Meinecke Michael , Schwenkert Serena 
Published: May 2019

Significance
Jasmonates are indispensable for plant growth, as well as for adaptation to biotic and abiotic stresses. The synthesis of jasmonates is initiated in the chloroplast, where the precursor, 12-oxophytodienoic acid (OPDA) is derived from plastid lipids. Despite the fact that much information has been gained on the enzymes involved in the biosynthesis and signaling pathways of jasmonates, the export of OPDA from plastids remains enigmatic. In the present study, we showed that JASSY, a protein localized to the outer chloroplast envelope, facilitates export of OPDA from the chloroplast. Loss-of-function mutants lead to abolished jasmonate accumulation, which in turn results in increased susceptibility to cold treatment, as well as pathogen attack.
Rational vaccinology with spherical nucleic acids
Authors: Wang Shuya , Qin Lei , Yamankurt Gokay , Skakuj Kacper , Huang Ziyin , Chen Peng-Cheng , Dominguez Donye , Lee Andrew , Zhang Bin , Mirkin Chad A. 
Published: May 2019

Significance
Although the role of adjuvant and antigen molecules in the generation of adaptive immune responses is well known, the development of vaccines remains an outstanding challenge, particularly for cancer immunotherapy. We investigated a set of spherical nucleic acids (SNAs) in which the adjuvant, antigen, and overall architecture of the nanostructure are conserved but are differentiated in a key feature: the position and conjugation chemistry of the peptide antigen. Comparison of these compositionally equivalent yet structurally distinct SNAs led to our identification of a structure with superior performance as a therapeutic vaccine across several animal models and a mechanistic basis for the improvement in antitumor immune responses; these results indicate the potential for success in the rational development of SNA vaccines.
Research on layout optimization of express parcel transportation network distribution center based on node operation process
Authors: Han Jun , He Shiwei , Bi Mingkai , Song Zilong 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Through refining the ability of distribution center node and combining the national political factors, this paper proposes an improved P-median model, which considers the constraints of the import operation scale, export operation scale and intermediate operation capability of each candidate distribution center node and mandatory nodes. Finally, this paper takes a large express logistics enterprise parcel transportation network as an example to analyse the optimization result of case and parameter sensitivity of node service scope. We find that the optimized layout of the distribution center breaks the administrative division constraint, realizes the nearest transit of parcel, fully considers the scale of each operation of the node, and meets the requirements of mid-to-long term development trend of the parcel express transportation network, which has reference significance for the development of the parcel transportation business and the research on site selection model.
Automated Sentiment Analysis of Text Data with NLTK
Authors: Yao Jiawei 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
At present, most of researches in natural language processing primarily are focused on deep learning way to solve accuracy problems. This paper discusses a branch of natural language processing, sentiment analysis. In order to implement the function of sentiment analysis efficiently, we built an algorithm by calling the NLTK library firstly. As a result, this method can roughly obtain the emotional scores of different sentences and compare them with the scores given by human being who create these sentences. The results are presented by correlation calculation and images such as boxplot. The analysis of the images demonstrates the deficiency of the method. In addition, for the results, we found the direction of learning to solve the accuracy problems and made reasonable arrangements and planning.
Plural grounding and the principle of sufficient reason
Authors: Werner Jonas 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
In a recent article published in this journal, Kris McDaniel (2019) proposes a variant of Peter van Inwagen’s (1983: 202–4) argument against the principle of sufficient reason that makes crucial use of plural grounding. In this response paper I object to McDaniel’s argument. I argue that there is no notion of plural grounding available that is both irreflexive in the sense required for the argument to go through and general enough to formulate the principle of sufficient reason as proposed by McDaniel.
Providing carbon skeletons to sustain amide synthesis in roots underlines the suitability of Brachypodium distachyon for the study of ammonium stress in cereals
Authors: de la Peña Marlon , González-Moro María Begoña , Marino Daniel 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Plants mainly acquire N from the soil in the form of nitrate (NO3−) or ammonium (NH4+). Ammonium-based nutrition is gaining interest because it helps to avoid the environmental pollution associated with nitrate fertilization. However, in general, plants prefer NO3− and indeed, when growing only with NH4+ they can encounter so-called ammonium stress. Since Brachypodium distachyon is a useful model species for the study of monocot physiology and genetics, we chose it to characterize performance under ammonium nutrition. Brachypodium distachyon Bd21 plants were grown hydroponically in 1 or 2.5 mM NO3− or NH4+. Nitrogen and carbon metabolism associated with NH4+ assimilation was evaluated in terms of tissue contents of NO3−, NH4+, K, Mg, Ca, amino acids and organic acids together with tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and NH4+-assimilating enzyme activities and RNA transcript levels. The roots behaved as a physiological barrier preventing NH4+ translocation to aerial parts, as indicated by a sizeable accumulation of NH4+, Asn and Gln in the roots. A continuing high NH4+ assimilation rate was made possible by a tuning of the TCA cycle and its associated anaplerotic pathways to match 2-oxoglutarate and oxaloacetate demand for Gln and Asn synthesis. These results show B. distachyon to be a highly suitable tool for the study of the physiological, molecular and genetic basis of ammonium nutrition in cereals.
Iterative feature representations improve N4-methylcytosine site prediction
Authors: Wei Leyi , Su Ran , Luan Shasha , Liao Zhijun , Manavalan Balachandran , Zou Quan , Shi Xiaolong 
Published: May 2019

AbstractMotivationAccurate identification of N4-methylcytosine (4mC) modifications in a genome wide can provide insights into their biological functions and mechanisms. Machine learning recently have become effective approaches for computational identification of 4mC sites in genome. Unfortunately, existing methods cannot achieve satisfactory performance, owing to the lack of effective DNA feature representations that are capable to capture the characteristics of 4mC modifications.ResultsIn this work, we developed a new predictor named 4mcPred-IFL, aiming to identify 4mC sites. To represent and capture discriminative features, we proposed an iterative feature representation algorithm that enables to learn informative features from several sequential models in a supervised iterative mode. Our analysis results showed that the feature representations learnt by our algorithm can capture the discriminative distribution characteristics between 4mC sites and non-4mC sites, enlarging the decision margin between the positives and negatives in feature space. Additionally, by evaluating and comparing our predictor with the state-of-the-art predictors on benchmark datasets, we demonstrate that our predictor can identify 4mC sites more accurately.Availability and implementationThe user-friendly webserver that implements the proposed 4mcPred-IFL is well established, and is freely accessible at http://server.malab.cn/4mcPred-IFL.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
The new marker YKL-40, a molecule related to inflammation, is associated with cardiovascular events in stable haemodialysis patients
Authors: Vega Almudena , Sanchez-Niño Maria Dolores , Ortiz Alberto , Abad Soraya , Macías Nicolás , Aragoncillo Inés , Santos Alba , García-Prieto Ana , Torres Esther , Hernández Andrés , Sánchez-Cámara Luis , Hurtado Esther , Valiño-Rivas Lara , Luño José 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Background
YKL-40 is a glycoprotein associated with inflammatory conditions, including atherosclerosis and endothelial dysfunction. The objective was to analyse serum YKL-40 levels in a haemodialysis population and explore their association with dialysis dosing measures, inflammation, body composition and development of cardiovascular (CV) events.

Methods
We performed a prospective study of 78 chronic haemodialysis patients enrolled in 2013 and followed up until 2018. At baseline, serum YKL-40, inflammatory and nutrition markers and body composition were assessed. During a median follow-up of 43 (interquartile range 24–66) months, CV events were recorded.

Results
The mean age of patients was 62 ± 16 years and 66% were men. The mean YKL-40 was 207 ± 106 ng/dL. Higher YKL-40 levels were associated with lower Kt/Vurea, convective volume, serum albumin and prealbumin and with higher troponin T. During follow-up, 50% developed CV events. Cox analysis showed an association between CV events and YKL-40, diabetes, hypertension, C-reactive protein, lower prealbumin, β2-microglobulin, glycosylated haemoglobin and troponin T values. The multivariate Cox analysis confirmed an independent association between CV events and YKL-40 {hazard ratio [HR] 1.067 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.009–1.211]; P: 0.042}, troponin T [HR 1.037 (95% CI 1.009–1.683); P: 0.007], lower prealbumin [HR 0.827 (95% CI 0.224–0.988); P: 0.009] and diabetes [HR 2.103 (95% CI 1.554–3.172); P: 0.008]. Kaplan–Meier confirmed the association between CV events and YKL-40 (log rank 7.28; P = 0.007).

Conclusions
YKL-40 is associated with CV events in haemodialysis patients. Higher dialysis dose and convective volume are associated with lower serum YKL-40 levels.
Development of coupling controlled polymerizations by adapter-ligation in mate-pair sequencing for detection of various genomic variants in one single assay
Authors: Dong Zirui , Zhao Xia , Li Qiaoling , Yang Zhenjun , Xi Yang , Alexeev Andrei , Shen Hanjie , Wang Ou , Ruan Jie , Ren Han , Wei Hanmin , Qi Xiaojuan , Li Jiguang , Zhu Xiaofan , Zhang Yanyan , Dai Peng , Kong Xiangdong , Kirkconnell Killeen , Alferov Oleg , Giles Shane , Yamtich Jennifer , Kermani Bahram G , Dong Chao , Liu Pengjuan , Mi Zilan , Zhang Wenwei , Xu Xun , Drmanac Radoje , Choy Kwong Wai , Jiang Yuan 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The diversity of disease presentations warrants one single assay for detection and delineation of various genomic disorders. Herein, we describe a gel-free and biotin-capture-free mate-pair method through coupling Controlled Polymerizations by Adapter-Ligation (CP-AL). We first demonstrated the feasibility and ease-of-use in monitoring DNA nick translation and primer extension by limiting the nucleotide input. By coupling these two controlled polymerizations by a reported non-conventional adapter-ligation reaction 3′ branch ligation, we evidenced that CP-AL significantly increased DNA circularization efficiency (by 4-fold) and was applicable for different sequencing methods but at a faction of current cost. Its advantages were further demonstrated by fully elimination of small-insert-contaminated (by 39.3-fold) with a ∼50% increment of physical coverage, and producing uniform genome/exome coverage and the lowest chimeric rate. It achieved single-nucleotide variants detection with sensitivity and specificity up to 97.3 and 99.7%, respectively, compared with data from small-insert libraries. In addition, this method can provide a comprehensive delineation of structural rearrangements, evidenced by a potential diagnosis in a patient with oligo-atheno-terato-spermia. Moreover, it enables accurate mutation identification by integration of genomic variants from different aberration types. Overall, it provides a potential single-integrated solution for detecting various genomic variants, facilitating a genetic diagnosis in human diseases.
Differences in Orientation Behavior and Female Attraction by Rhyzopertha dominica (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) in a Homogeneous Resource Patch
Authors: Cordeiro Erick M G , Campbell James F , Phillips Thomas 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe objectives of the study are to understand how naïve beetles disperse after emerging as an adult in a homogeneous resource patch. We compared the movement of adult male and female Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) (Coleoptera: Bostrychidae) using a laboratory and a field-collected strain during the first 2 d after their emergence from the wheat kernel in which they developed. We first asked if naïve male and female beetles show any innate orientation pattern. Males showed an upward orientation bias during the first day, but not in the second, whereas females had a random pattern of orientation in both days of evaluation. No significant differences were observed between the two strains. Given that males release an aggregation pheromone, we next asked if the upward movement of males improved their ability to be found by a naïve female. The presence of a male, whether above or below a newly emerged female, changed the females’ movement direction from random to bias towards the male. In contrast, free-walking males exhibited the same upward movement bias on the first day regardless of the position of the caged male. Only on the second day did male movement change to the opposite direction of the caged male. Here, we report differences between males and females’ movement orientation strategies and their response to males producing aggregation pheromone within the grain mass. Our data may improve our understanding of pheromone attraction and help us to develop better monitoring and control tools.
The Effect of Regional Gender-Role Attitudes on Female Labour Supply: A Longitudinal Test Using the BHPS, 1991–2007
Authors: Uunk Wilfred , Lersch Philipp M 
Published: May 2019

AbstractDespite considerable variation in gender-role attitudes across contexts and its claimed influence on female labour supply, studies provide little support for a contextual gender-role attitude effect. In this study, we reassess the contextual gender-role attitude effect on female labour supply because earlier studies are hampered by two shortcomings: (a) they are cross-nationally comparative, which makes it difficult to distinguish contextual attitude from institutional effects; (b) they are cross-sectional, which may bias the contextual attitude effect. We aim to overcome these shortcomings by performing longitudinal panel analyses on data from the British Household Panel Survey 1991–2007, comparing 138 counties within the United Kingdom. Our fixed-effects regressions report no significant and substantial association of regional, egalitarian gender-role attitudes with individual women’s labour supply, a finding which both holds for women’s probability to be active in the labour market and employed women’s working hours, and for women with and without (young) children. Female labour supply appears to be much stronger associated with women’s own and partners’ gender-role attitudes, in particular for women with (young) children.