bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incidência e Mortalidade por Câncer entre Crianças e Adolescentes: uma Revisão Narrativa
Authors: Feliciano Suellen Valadares Moura , Santos Marceli de Oliveira , Pombo-de-Oliveira Maria S. 
Published: February 2019

Introdução: O câncer em crianças e adolescentes com idade entre 0-19 anos configura-se como um problema de saúde pública tanto nos países desenvolvidos como nos países em desenvolvimento. É considerado raro e distinto quando comparado com o câncer em adultos. Apresenta padrões de incidência e mortalidade que variam em todo mundo, sendo que aproximadamente 80% dos cânceres infantis ocorrem nos países com baixo índice de desenvolvimento humano, com acesso aos serviços de cuidado à saúde de baixa qualidade. Objetivo: Apresentar um panorama geral do câncer em crianças e adolescentes com idade entre 0-19 anos com ênfase na descrição dos resultados de estudos de base populacional para incidência e mortalidade nas diferentes regiões geográficas no Mundo e no Brasil. Resultados: As taxas de incidência gerais para o câncer em crianças e adolescentes com idade entre 0-19 variaram entre 50 e 200 casos por milhão por ano em diferentes países e continentes. No Brasil, a mediana das taxas a incidência foi de 154,3 por milhão. A mortalidade apresentou declínio em várias partes do mundo, sendo considerada a segunda causa de morte em países desenvolvidos. Conclusão: As informações dos registros de câncer são indispensáveis no enfrentamento do câncer na população pediátrica, principalmente nos países em desenvolvimento, onde o impacto do câncer é pouco conhecido, ao passo que seu efeito sobre a população está aumentando. Melhorias na adoção de estratégias de tratamento integrado devem ser consideradas para melhorar as taxas de mortalidade por câncer em crianças e adolescentes no Brasil e no Mundo.
Acesso e Adesão ao Tratamento Oncológico Infantojuvenil: para além do Aspecto Médico-Biológico
Authors: Hora Senir Santos da , Monteiro Márcia Valéria de Carvalho , Dias Simone Monteiro , Lima Fernanda Ferreira da Silva , Silva Josiane de Andrade 
Published: February 2019

O presente artigo busca identificar a influência das condições socioeconômicas, culturais e emocionais no acesso e na continuidade do tratamento oncológico infantojuvenil. Isto é, sinaliza-se o quanto os baixos níveis socioeconômicos associados aos aspectos subjetivos podem impactar no prognóstico de crianças e adolescentes com câncer, interferindo nas taxas de sobrevida, e, consequentemente, podendo contribuir no aumento significativo da mortalidade.
Seasonal variation of phycoerythrin chromophores of Synechococcus spp. in the East Sea/Japan Sea
Authors: Yona Defri , Park Mi Ok 
Published: February 2019

The very small size of Synechococcus spp. as one important contributor of ocean primary productivity can be identified using its phycoerythrin pigment chromophores, phycourobilin (PUB) and phycoerythrobilin (PEB). Seasonal variation of the excitation (EX) ratio of PUB and PEB in the surface water of East Sea/Japan Sea was observed. This study aimed to describe the effects of environmental factors during different season to the excitation ratio of PUB and PEB contained Synechococcus spp. Summer and winter showed slightly similar distributional pattern with PUBEX:PEBEX ratio > 1, while PUBEX:PEBEX ratio < 1 could be found in autumn and spring. The results of this study showed seasonal patterns of phycoerythrin pigment from Synechococcus were highly related with variability of environmental factors. High light intensity during summer and high salinity during winter were the reasons of high PUB:PEB ratio of Synechococcus spp. Moreover, high PUB type of Synechococcus spp. was also dominated the offshore study areas as the result of higher water clarity compared to the one in the coastal areas.
Suicide in Children and adolescents: a review of articles about this topic
Authors: Viana Bruna Magalhaes , Guimarães Fabiana Gouveia , Silva Carlos César Messias 
Published: February 2019

Nowadays, depression in adolescents is understood to be a common, disabling and recurrent disease, with a high level of morbidity and mortality. Thus, it is an important public health problem. Suicide is the act of intentionally ending one’s own life. It is related to biological, social, environmental factors and to the personal history, so, is a complex and multifactor phenomenon. The lack of research and literature with this population hinders the comprehension of the phenomenon and so the improvement of interventions in the field of prevention and care for survivors. This paper reviews on clinical and epidemiological aspects of suicide in Children, definitions and expressions of suicide among adolescents people are presented, identifying possible risk factors and prevention interventions are discussed.
Astrometry and Occultation Predictions to Trans-Neptunian and Centaur Objects Observed within the Dark Energy Survey
Authors: Banda-Huarca M. V. , Camargo J. I. B. , Desmars J. , Ogando R. L. C. , Vieira-Martins R. , Assafin M. , Costa L. N. da , Bernstein G. M. , Carrasco Kind M. , Drlica-Wagner A. , Gomes R. , Gysi M. M. , Braga-Ribas F. , Maia M. A. G. , Gerdes D. W. , Hamilton S. , Wester W. , Abbott T. M. C. , Abdalla F. B. , Allam S. , Avila S. , Bertin E. , Brooks D. , Buckley-Geer E. , Burke D. L. , Carnero Rosell A. , Carretero J. , Cunha C. E. , Davis C. , Vicente J. De , Diehl H. T. , Doel P. , Fosalba P. , Frieman J. , García-Bellido J. , Gaztanaga E. , Gruen D. , Gruendl R. A. , Gschwend J. , Gutierrez G. , Hartley W. G. , Hollowood D. L. , Honscheid K. , James D. J. , Kuehn K. , Kuropatkin N. , Menanteau F. , Miller C. J. , Miquel R. , Plazas A. A. , Romer A. K. , Sanchez E. , Scarpine V. , Schubnell M. , Serrano S. , Sevilla-Noarbe I. , Smith M. , Soares-Santos M. , Sobreira F. , Suchyta E. , Swanson M. E. C. , Tarle G. ,   DES Collaboration
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs) are a source of invaluable information to access the history and evolution of the outer solar system. However, observing these faint objects is a difficult task. As a consequence, important properties such as size and albedo are known for only a small fraction of them. Now, with the results from deep sky surveys and the Gaia space mission, a new exciting era is within reach as accurate predictions of stellar occultations by numerous distant small solar system bodies become available. From them, diameters with kilometer accuracies can be determined. Albedos, in turn, can be obtained from diameters and absolute magnitudes. We use observations from the Dark Energy Survey (DES) from 2012 November until 2016 February, amounting to 4,292,847 charge-coupled device (CCD) frames. We searched them for all known small solar system bodies and recovered a total of 202 TNOs and Centaurs, 63 of which have been discovered by the DES collaboration as of the date of submission. Their positions were determined using the Gaia Data Release 2 as reference and their orbits were refined. Stellar occultations were then predicted using these refined orbits plus stellar positions from Gaia. These predictions are maintained, and updated, in a dedicated web service. The techniques developed here are also part of an ambitious preparation to use the data from the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST), that expects to obtain accurate positions and multifilter photometry for tens of thousands of TNOs.
Fast Algorithms for Slow Moving Asteroids: Constraints on the Distribution of Kuiper Belt Objects
Authors: Whidden Peter J. , Kalmbach J. Bryce , Connolly Andrew J. , Jones R. Lynne , Smotherman Hayden , Bektesevic Dino , Slater Colin , Becker Andrew C. , Ivezić Željko , Jurić Mario , Bolin Bryce , Moeyens Joachim , Förster Francisco , Golkhou V. Zach 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
We introduce a new computational technique for searching for faint moving sources in astronomical images. Starting from a maximum-likelihood estimate for the probability of the detection of a source within a series of images, we develop a massively parallel algorithm for searching through candidate asteroid trajectories that utilizes graphics processing units (GPU). This technique can search over 1010 possible asteroid trajectories in stacks of the order of 10–15 4K × 4K images in under a minute using a single consumer grade GPU. We apply this algorithm to data from the 2015 campaign of the High Cadence Transient Survey (HiTS) obtained with the Dark Energy Camera (DECam). We find 39 previously unknown Kuiper belt objects (KBOs) in the 150 square degrees of the survey. Comparing these asteroids to an existing model for the inclination distribution of the Kuiper belt we demonstrate that we recover a KBO population above our detection limit consistent with previous studies. Software used in this analysis is made available as an open source package.
Baseline Ocular Characteristics of Patients Undergoing Initiation of Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Therapy for Diabetic Macular Edema
Authors: Ansari Waseem H. , Han Michael M. , Haq Siraj , Conti Felipe F. , Silva Fabiana Q. , Singh Rishi P. 
Published: February 2019

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) have variable anatomic and visual responses to anti-vascular endothelial growth (VEGF) treatments based on their presenting visual acuity (VA). The aim of study is to report the baseline ocular and imaging characteristics of patients presenting with DME who were treatment-naïve and who initiated anti-VEGF in routine clinical practice.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
Single-center, cross-sectional study of 638 patients. Subjects were divided into two VA groups: Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) less than 70 and ETDRS greater than 70 and ocular variables were compared between groups.

RESULTS:

Average central subfield thickness (CST) was 363.5 μm, cube volume was 11.7 mm
3
, and cube average thickness (CAT) was 326.1 μm. Additionally, 21.5% had subretinal fluid (SRF), and 50.5% had hard exudates on presentation. Eyes with ETDRS less than 70 had greater CAT (338.5 μm
3
vs. 313.2 μm
3
;
P
< .001), greater cube volume (12.2 mm
3
vs. 11.3 mm
3
;
P
< .001), greater CST (383.5 μm vs. 350.0 μm;
P
< .001), and SRF (25.5% vs. 17.3%;
P
= .012). Furthermore, 7.64% had glaucoma, 1.3% had dry age-related macular degeneration, 4.5% of patients were vitrectomized, and 28.7% were pseudophakic. Regarding diabetic stage, 37% had proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and 63% presented with nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy. Patients presenting with ETDRS less than 70 were more likely to have a history of vitrectomy (7.1% vs. 1.9%,
P
= .002) and presence of PDR (42.3% vs. 31.4%,
P
= .004).

CONCLUSION:
The results describe a population of patients from a routine clinical practice not entirely represented in clinical trials, with key differences in ocular characteristics seen between VA groups.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina.
2019;50:69–75.]
High-Resolution Retinal Imaging Reveals Preserved Cone Photoreceptor Density and Choroidal Thickness in Female Carriers of Choroideremia
Authors: Suzuki Kai , Gocho Kiyoko , Akeo Keiichiro , Kikuchi Sachiko , Kubota Daiki , Katagiri Satoshi , Fujinami Kaoru , Tsunoda Kazushige , Iwata Takeshi , Yamaki Kunihiko , Igarashi Tsutomu , Nakano Tadashi , Takahashi Hiroshi , Hayashi Takaaki , Kameya Shuhei 
Published: February 2019

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
To characterize the photoreceptors and choroidal morphology of heterozygous female carriers of choroideremia who typically do not have any visual defects but can have severe funduscopic changes.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
This was a clinical case series study. Detailed ophthalmic examinations were performed on six female carriers from four families with choroideremia. The subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) was determined by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and the cone photoreceptor density by adaptive optics (AO) retinal imaging. SFCT and cone densities of the carriers were compared to that of normal eyes of healthy subjects.

RESULTS:
The mean age of the carriers was 42.5 years. Fundus photographs showed diffuse, patchy depigmentation; however, the SFCT was within the normal limits. AO retinal imaging revealed preserved cone densities at temporal eccentricities from 2 to 8 angular degrees.

CONCLUSIONS:
The findings indicate that despite the presence of distinctive depigmentation of the retinal pigment epithelium in female carriers of choroideremia, their cone photoreceptor densities and SFCT are well-preserved. These observations may account for the good visual acuity and lack of an awareness of visual disturbances.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina.
2019;50:76–85.]
Characterization of Patients With Geographic Atrophy in Routine Clinical Practice
Authors: Conti Felipe , Han Michael M. , Song Weilin , Wai Karen M. , Silva Fabiana Q. , Singh Rishi P. 
Published: February 2019

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
Geographic atrophy (GA) affects millions of patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) worldwide, leading to significant, irreversible visual impairment. This study aims to characterize the visual impairment of patients with GA in a routine clinical practice.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
This single-center, cross-sectional study used a novel natural language processing to select 1,045 GA cases utilizing the macula examination records from 19,359 patients with AMD.

RESULTS:

Patients were classified based on the diagnosis of the fellow-eye as follow: 502 in group 1 (GA:GA), 403 in group 2 (GA : choroidal neovascularization), and 234 in group 3 (GA : early / intermediate AMD). Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in the affected eye was 50.3 (± 22.1) letters in group 1, 52.5 (± 21.3) letters in group 2, and 48.5 (± 23.6) letters in group 3 (
P
< .05). Visual impairment (ineligibility for an unrestricted driver license) was present in 70.5% of group 1, 59.7% of group 2, and 39.6% of group 3. Legal blindness (BCVA < 20 letters in the best-seeing eye) was seen in 2.2% of group 1, 3% of group 2, and 0.8% of group 3.

CONCLUSION:
Differences in visual impairment between subgroups of patients with GA can be seen in routine clinical practice.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2019;50:93–98.]
Clinical Features and Multi-Modality Imaging of Isolated Retinal Astrocytic Hamartoma
Authors: Stacey Andrew W. , Pefkianaki Maria , Ilginis Tomas , Michaelides Michael , Hykin Phill , Webster Andrew , Moore Anthony T. , Sagoo Mandeep S. 
Published: February 2019

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
To identify the clinical and imaging characteristics of isolated retinal astrocytic hamartomas (IRAH).

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
A case series of eight patients diagnosed with IRAH.

RESULTS:
The average age at diagnosis was 32 years (range: 9 years to 80 years). After a median follow-up time of 59 months, none of the lesions had demonstrated any change or growth. Fundus fluorescein angiogram identified hyperfluorescence in five of six imaged lesions. Fundus autofluorescence (FAF) changes were seen in all eight cases. Ocular ultrasound was able to identify a lesion in only five of the seven cases. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) was able to document the tumor thickness and level of retinal invasion in all cases.

CONCLUSIONS:
Multimodal imaging is useful for the diagnosis and monitoring of IRAH. OCT and FAF are sensitivity tools for identifying IRA and can be used to follow the thickness and margins of these lesions.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina.
2019;50:e1–e9.]
Evaluation of Abicipar Pegol (an Anti-VEGF DARPin Therapeutic) in Patients With Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Studies in Japan and the United States
Authors: Kunimoto Derek , Ohji Masahito , Maturi Raj K. , Sekiryu Tetsuju , Wang Ying , Pan Grace , Li Xiao-Yan , Schneider Susan ,   For the BAMBOO and CYPRESS Study Groups
Published: February 2019

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate comparability of abicipar pegol (abicipar) effects in patients with treatment-naïve neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) in Japan and the United States.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
Phase 2, multicenter, randomized, double-masked, 20-week studies (BAMBOO, Japan; CYPRESS, United States). Patients (n = 25 each study) received three monthly intravitreal injections of abicipar 1 mg or 2 mg or five monthly intravitreal injections of ranibizumab 0.5 mg.

RESULTS:
Mean best-corrected visual acuity change from baseline at week 16 (primary endpoint) for abicipar 1 mg, abicipar 2 mg, and ranibizumab was +7.8 letters, +8.9 letters, and +17.4 letters (BAMBOO); +4.4 letters, +10.1 letters, and +15.2 letters (CYPRESS). Mean central retinal thickness change from baseline was −187.3 μm, −196.5 μm, and −230.4 μm (BAMBOO); −106.5 μm, −112.8 μm, and −124.4 μm (CYPRESS). Uveitis or vitritis was reported in three abicipar-treated patients.

CONCLUSION:
Abicipar demonstrated extended duration of effect and safety that were comparable between Japanese and non-Japanese patients with nAMD. Abicipar effectively treated Japanese patients with polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina.
2019;50:e10–e22.]
La dynastie Langlois – Lordelle – Canivet – Lennel, « fabricateurs » d’instruments de mathématiques à Paris au xviiie siècle
Authors: Rocca Patrick , Launay Françoise 
Published: February 2019

Grâce à l’étude croisée de très nombreux instruments, en particulier ceux de mathématiques et de dessin en argent insculpés de poinçons permettant de les dater, et de près d’une centaine de documents d’archives nouvellement repérés, principalement aux Archives nationales, dont plusieurs inventaires après décès porteurs d’informations détaillées, la vie et la production des célèbres constructeurs de la dynastie Langlois – Lordelle – Canivet – Lennel qui se sont remarquablement illustrés au xviiie siècle, sont enfin documentées avec précision.
Visiones de la guerra futura en Vicente Huidobro
Authors: García-Romeu José 
Published: February 2019

Radicado en Francia a partir de 1916, Vicente Huidobro fue testigo de los estragos de la Gran Guerra. Representando las destrucciones bélicas y vaticinando la radical tabula rasa de la revolución social, plasmó primero su preocupación pacifista y revolucionaria en su poesía antes de desarrollar en dos textos en prosa una visión pormenorizada de las guerras futuras : las guerras de descolonización en Finis Britannia (1923) y la guerra terminal en La próxima (1934).
De l’agent économique à l’homme capable. Une critique de l’économisme à partir de l’herméneutique critique de Paul Ricœur
Authors: Pierron Jean-Philippe 
Published: February 2019

Le dialogue de Paul Ricœur a été constant avec les sciences humaines et sociales, mais peu avec l'économie. Ce silence ricœurien sur l’économie est relatif. Sans faire une épistémologie des sciences économiques, il manifesta une préoccupation constante pour la condition ouvrière (cf. Simone Weil) et les effets pratiques de l’aliénation économique. Il n’a cessé de porter son attention sur le travail plutôt que sur l’économie, sur les échanges plutôt que sur la modélisation de l’économie mathématique oublieuse de l’économie comme science sociale. Son anthropologie est une anthropologie de l’homme capable plutôt que celle de l’homme comptable. En effet, son souci éthique réinstalle sur le plan des évaluations une activité économique, non seulement uniformisante mais unidimentionnalisante, qui résorbe le plan de la valeur dans celui du prix. Son anthropologie de l’homme capable réévalue la figure de l’agent économique. Ainsi chez Ricœur, le souci éthique est-il instruit épistémologiquement par les sciences sociales. Il pense ensemble éthique et économie via les médiations symboliques des institutions et des structures qui rendent possibles les échanges. D'où une approche fine des thèses de Marx sur l’aliénation économique, et plus tardivement une rencontre des travaux de l’économiste Amartya Sen, non sans liens, avec les travaux de Martha Nussbaum sur les capabilités.
Toezicht op de vereffening door de rechter met bijzondere aandacht voor procesrechtelijke aspecten en eenduidigheid
Authors: Lieber J.H. 
Published: February 2019

Toezicht op de vereffening door de rechter met bijzondere aandacht voor procesrechtelijke aspecten en eenduidigheid
Deze bijdrage beziet of de wetgever effectief toezicht door de rechter tijdens de vereffening mogelijk maakt, en gaat verder in op de vraag hoe de rechter uitvoering aan dit toezicht geeft en in hoeverre daarbij voor de verdelingsrechter een rol is weggelegd.
Transcription Factors
Authors: Caramori Gaetano , Ruggeri Paolo , Mumby Sharon , Atzeni Fabiola , Adcock Ian M 
Published: February 2019

AbstractTranscription factors are regulatory proteins that can increase or decrease the transcription of a particular gene from deoxyribonucleic acid into the corresponding ribonucleic acid. They play a key role in embryonic development, the creation and maintenance of cell type‐ and tissue‐specific patterns of protein synthesis and the response to cellular signalling pathways. Transcription factors are involved in a large number of human diseases such as congenital malformations, hereditary syndromes and a myriad of benignant and malignant neoplasms. Some transcription factors in addition to their regulation of homeostatic genes control the expression of many inflammatory genes and may, therefore, play a key role in the pathogenesis of a rapidly growing number of inflammatory/autoimmune diseases contributing to determine disease severity and response to treatment.Key ConceptsTranscriptional factors are proteins that regulate and activate the transcriptional response in a DNA‐dependent manner.Transcription factors are classified into several families share structural characteristics.Transcriptional factors play a key role in health and disease.Transcription factors are involved in a large number of human diseases such as cancers.The activation/repression of different transcription factors and the genetic regulation of their expression is a critical mechanism regulating the expression of different human diseases and their responsiveness to therapy.
AIRE
– The Autoimmune Regulator
Authors: Matsumoto Minoru , Nishijima Hitoshi , Morimoto Junko , Tsuneyama Koichi , Matsumoto Mitsuru 
Published: February 2019

Abstract

Autoimmune diseases, caused by continuous immune responses against self‐antigens, have an uncertain aetiology. Although breakdown of self‐tolerance is considered to be the key event in the disease process, the underlying mechanisms are still enigmatic. So far, only a small number of genes that seem to be relevant to the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases have been found. One of these genes is the
autoimmune regulator
(
AIRE
), mutation in which is responsible for the development of autoimmune polyendocrinopathy‐candidiasis‐ectodermal dystrophy (APECED) showing autosomal recessive inheritance. AIRE is a transcriptional regulator expressed predominantly by medullary thymic epithelial cells. Elucidation of how defective function of AIRE results in the development of organ‐specific autoimmunity is expected to shed light on not only the pathogenesis of autoimmune disease but also the fundamental question of how the immune system is educated to discriminate between self and nonself in the thymus.

Key Concepts

Autoimmune regulator (AIRE) is responsible for the development of organ‐specific autoimmune disease in a monogenic fashion.

AIRE is expressed predominantly by thymic stromal cells (medullary thymic epithelial cells: mTECs) and controls the negative selection and production of regulatory T cells in the thymus.

Production of a wide variety of autoantibodies (e.g. anti‐IFNs and anti‐Th17 cytokines) associated with autoimmune pathology and/or candidiasis infection is a prominent feature of AIRE deficiency.

AIRE deficiency results in reduced transcription of a wide variety of tissue‐restricted antigen genes by mTECs.

AIRE regulates the differentiation program of mTECs.

Elucidation of AIRE function is expected to clarify the fundamental issue of how the immune system discriminates self from nonself.

Identification of the target genes controlled by AIRE is essential for clarifying the exact function of AIRE in self‐tolerance.