bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Scripture as Literature: The Bible, the Qurʾān, and Aḥmad Fāris al-Shidyāq
Authors: Issa Rana 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
This article explores Aḥmad Fāris al-Shidyāq’s treatment of Christian and Islamic dogma in his linguistic and literary works, al-Sāq ʿalā al-sāq fī mā huwa al-Fāryāq and Mumāḥakāt al-taʾwīl fī munāqaḍāt al-injīl, among others. A convert to Islam, al-Shidyāq is a notorious critic of Christian doctrine and scripture. I draw parallels with his Bible critique to show how he thwarts the Qurʾān’s stronghold on the Arabic language. Borrowing from Muʿtazilah doctrines, al-Shidyāq proposes that language is a human creation—and meaning a human relation—and blames Arabic philologists for conflating language with submission to the divine. Through the technique of iqtibās, al-Shidyāq perforates the scriptural authority of the Bible and the Qurʾān by treating them as literary texts. Al-Shidyāq underscores the scriptures as products of the human, and not the divine, mind. His parodic play with iqtibās underscores literary rigor against authoritative discourse. Al-Shidyāq provides us with exquisite examples of how radicalness may be diffused, asserted, curtailed and covered up through word choice as well as conditions of book production, to affect a critique of authority that would long outlast his time.
Caskets of Silver and Ivory from Diverse Parts of the World: Strategic Collecting for an Iberian Treasury
Authors: Martin Therese 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
By focusing on San Isidoro de León in the central Middle Ages, this study investigates the multiple meanings behind the presence of objects from other cultures in a royal-monastic treasury, suggesting a reconsideration of the paths by which such pieces arrived. The development of the Isidoran collection is reexamined through a close analysis of a charter recording the 1063 donation together with early thirteenth-century writings by Lucas of Tuy. Documentary evidence is further weighed against visual analysis and technical studies of several key pieces from the medieval collection. In particular, the Beatitudes Casket (now at the Museo Arqueológico Nacional, Madrid) is singled out to demonstrate how art historical, epigraphic, and historical research come together with carbon-14 testing, revealing that this object was assembled in a very different moment from those traditionally assumed.
Between León and the Levant: The Infanta Sancha’s Altar as Material Evidence for Medieval History
Authors: Jasperse Jitske 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
In the Museo de la Real Colegiata de San Isidoro in León, Spain, an intriguing portable altar is on display. Its multicolored stone and long inscription detailing the material objects enshrined within invite an analysis of the artwork in terms of materiality and mobility. This article addresses the multiple questions raised by the altar, shifting away from a straightforward interpretation of patronage by Sancha of León-Castilla (ca. 1095–1159), whose name is inscribed on its face. Conceptualizing the altar as a multilayered object that can be placed within Sancha’s network of connections facilitates our understanding of this exotic artifact between León and the Levant.
Economic Policy in Post-Soviet Russia in Historical Context
Authors: Lukin Alexander , Lukin Pavel 
Published: April 2019

The article analyzes post-Soviet economic policy in the light of the previous periods of the Russian economic history. The authors find a striking similarity between the measures proposed by modern Russian economic liberals – as well as their consequences – and the actions taken by the Russian authorities during much earlier periods. They explain these similarities with the fact that “Western” terms can mean something very different in the context of a non-Western culture, phenomena and institutions with the same names in different types of societies can differ fundamentally and perform different functions. Furthermore, “Westernization” can be a purely superficial process intended more for show than for substance.
By applying the methodology of substantivism which stresses the fundamental differences between economies based on gifts (reciprocity), redistribution, and exchange (market), they argue that Russia’s economy differs significantly from that of the countries of Western Europe and, in the typological sense, is closer to such European countries as Bulgaria, Albania, Romania, and Serbia. For this reason, similar measures of economic policy applied in Western Europe and Russia bring different results.
Medieval Daoist Concepts of the Middle Kingdom
Authors: Liu Yi , Lee Casey 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe ancient Chinese people believed that they existed at the center of the world. With the arrival of Buddhism in China came a new cosmic worldview rooted in Indian culture that destabilized the Han [huaxia 華夏] people’s long-held notions of China as the Middle Kingdom [Zhongguo 中國] and had a profound influence on medieval Daoism. Under the influence of Buddhist cosmology, Daoists reformed their idea of Middle Kingdom, for a time relinquishing its signification of China as the center of the world. Daoists had to acknowledge the existence of multiple kingdoms outside China and non-Han peoples [manyi 蠻夷] who resided on the outskirts of the so-called Middle Kingdom as potential followers of Daoism. However, during the Tang dynasty, this capacious attitude ceased to be maintained or passed on. Instead, Tang Daoists returned to a notion of Middle Kingdom that reinstated the traditional divide between Han and non-Han peoples.
The Symbolic Construction of Reality: The Xici and Ernst Cassirer’s Philosophy of Symbolic Forms
Authors: Xiang Shuchen 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThis paper, unlike scholars who ascribe to it a copy theory of meaning, argues that the logic of the Xici is best described through “philosophy’s linguistic turn,” specifically Ernst Cassirer’s philosophy of symbolic forms. Cassirer’s concept of the symbol as a pluralistic, constitutive, and functional yet concrete and observable form, is comparable to the symbolic system in the Xici 系辭: xiang 象, gua 卦, yao 爻, and yi 易. Their similarity is due to a shared philosophical orientation: humanism. The characteristics of the Xici—the part-whole (structuralist) relationship typical of correlative cosmology, the simultaneously sensuous and conceptual nature of its symbols, the stress on order as opposed to unity, and the importance of symbols per se—for Cassirer are characteristics that were only possible in European intellectual history after a substance ontology was replaced by a functional one. For Cassirer, a functional ontology is closely associated with a humanism that celebrates creations (i.e., language) of the human mind in determining reality. This humanism is coherent with the intellectual context—Confucian humanism—contemporary with the period of the Xici’s composition. It would thus be inconsistent to concede this humanism to the Xici without also conceding that its understanding of the symbols is akin to that of the linguistic turn. Finally, even regardless of this comparative framework, the Xici runs into a paradox if we read it through a copy theory of meaning, paradoxes that immediately dissolve if we read it through the paradigm of the linguistic turn.
Phenomenology and Ritual Practice
Authors: Gschwandtner Christina M. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
This paper highlights several problems in the contemporary phenomenological analysis of religious experience in Continental philosophy of religion, especially in its French iteration, as manifested in such thinkers as Jean-Luc Marion, Michel Henry, Jean-Yves Lacoste, Jean-Louis Chrétien, Emmanuel Falque, and others. After laying out the main issues, the paper proposes a fuller investigation of religious practices, such as liturgy or ritual, as a fruitful way to address some of the identified limitations. The final section of the paper assesses what questions remain and how one might draw on existing resources in these thinkers to push a phenomenological analysis of religious practices further in ways that broaden phenomenology of religion beyond its current somewhat narrow strictures and commitments.
Nurses’ experiences of communicating respect to patients: Influences and challenges
Authors: Clucas Claudine , Chapman Hazel , Lovell Andrew 
Published: April 2019

Background: Respectful care is central to ethical codes of practice and optimal patient care, but little is known about the influences on and challenges in communicating respect. Research question: What are the intra- and inter-personal influences on nurses’ communication of respect? Research design and participants: Semi-structured interviews with 12 hospital-based UK registered nurses were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis to explore their experiences of communicating respect to patients and associated influences. Ethical considerations: The study was approved by the Institutional ethics board and National Health Service Trust. Findings: Three interconnected superordinate themes were identified: ‘private self: personal attitudes’, ‘outward self: showing respect’ and ‘reputational self: being perceived as respectful’. Respectful communication involved a complex set of influences, including attitudes of respect towards patients, needs and goals, beliefs around the nature of respectful communication, skills and influencing sociocultural factors. A tension between the outward self as intended and perceived presented challenges for nurses’ reputational self as respectful, with negative implications for patient care. Discussion: The study offers an in-depth understanding of intra- and inter-personal influences on communicating respect, and sheds light on challenges involved, helping provide practical insights to support respectful care. Conclusion: Findings stress the need for improved conceptualisations of respect in healthcare settings to formally recognise the complex attitudinal and socially constructed nature of respect and for appropriate professional training to improve its communication.
Can a surgeon predict the longevity of a total hip replacement?
Authors: Lampropoulou-Adamidou Kalliopi , Karachalios Theofilos , Megas Panagiotis , Petsatodis George , Vlamis John , Hartofilakidis George 
Published: April 2019

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to examine the ability of a surgeon to predict survival of a total hip replacement (THR) based on the patient’s diagnosis, demographics, postoperative activity level and the surgical technique. Methods: 4 experienced hip surgeons were asked to predict the longevity of 131 Charnley THRs, performed by the senior author (GH) 22–35 years ago, by providing them with pre- and postoperative radiographs, and data concerning patient’s diagnosis, demographics, postoperative activity level and the surgical technique. This process was repeated 3 months later. Results: There was only a slight agreement between the majority of the predictions and actual outcome. The inter-observer agreement was also slight and intra-observer agreement ranged from slight to moderate. Conclusion: We confirmed that surgeons are unable to determine the life expectancy of the implants of a THR, based on the aforementioned data, because there are other non-identified factors that affect the survivorship of a THR. For this reason, regular follow-up remains the safest way to evaluate patients’ clinical picture and the evolution of radiographic changes, if there are any, in order to accurately advise patients and decide on the appropriate time for revision.
Turkish-Dutch bilinguals maintain language-specific reference tracking strategies in elicited narratives
Authors: Azar Zeynep , Özyürek Aslı , Backus Ad 
Published: April 2019

Aim: This paper examines whether second-generation Turkish heritage speakers in the Netherlands follow language-specific patterns of reference tracking in Turkish and Dutch, focusing on discourse status and pragmatic contexts as factors that may modulate the choice of referring expressions (REs), that is, the noun phrase (NP), overt pronoun and null pronoun. Methodology: Two short silent videos were used to elicit narratives from 20 heritage speakers of Turkish, both in Turkish and in Dutch. Monolingual baseline data were collected from 20 monolingually raised speakers of Turkish in Turkey and 20 monolingually raised speakers of Dutch in the Netherlands. We also collected language background data from bilinguals with an extensive survey. Data and analysis: Using generalised logistic mixed-effect regression, we analysed the influence of discourse status and pragmatic context on the choice of subject REs in Turkish and Dutch, comparing bilingual data to the monolingual baseline in each language. Findings: Heritage speakers used overt versus null pronouns in Turkish and stressed versus reduced pronouns in Dutch in pragmatically appropriate contexts. There was, however, a slight increase in the proportions of overt pronouns as opposed to NPs in Turkish and as opposed to null pronouns in Dutch. We suggest an explanation based on the degree of entrenchment of differential RE types in relation to discourse status as the possible source of the increase. Originality: This paper provides data from an understudied language pair in the domain of reference tracking in language contact situations. Unlike several studies of pronouns in language contact, we do not find differences across monolingual and bilingual speakers with regard to pragmatic constraints on overt pronouns in the minority pro-drop language. Significance: Our findings highlight the importance of taking language proficiency and use into account while studying bilingualism and combining formal approaches to language use with usage-based approaches for a more complete understanding of bilingual language production.
Arts for the Blues – a new creative psychological therapy for depression: a pilot workshop report
Authors: Haslam S , Parsons A , Omylinska-Thurston J , Nair K , Harlow J , Lewis J , Thurston S , Griffin J , Dubrow-Marshall L , Karkou V 
Published: April 2019

Introduction: Research over the last decade has identified both strengths and limitations in the use of routinely prescribed psychological therapies for depression. More recently, a focus on how creative art therapies and ‘arts on prescription’ are developing a growing recognition of their potential additional therapeutic mechanisms for depression. Aim: In an attempt to develop a new therapeutic intervention for depression, this research aligned both the evidence base surrounding the arts on prescription movement, collating these with client-reported helpful factors and preferences for therapeutic interventions. Methods: We developed a framework for a new pluralistic ‘meta-approach’ of therapy for depression, based on; an interdisciplinary thematic synthesis of active ingredients, considered specific features implemented in therapy, and client-reported helpful factors considered to be the broad features or experiences in therapy from both talking therapies and creative approaches. This framework contributed to the development of a pilot workshop entitled Arts for the Blues – A New Creative Psychological Therapy for Depression. An outline of, and evaluation from this workshop is presented in this article. Workshop participants were recruited via a voluntary workshop taking place at a North West Higher Education Institution Arts and Health conference ( N = 15). Results: The workshop was evaluated using quantitative measures, with results indicating around a 70% overall satisfaction, followed up with qualitative commentary around areas of good practice and areas for development. These included the positive reflection on the application of creative arts and the multimodal nature of the approach, while others reflected on the potential overwhelming nature of utilising multimodal methods for individuals with depression. Conclusion: Overall feedback from the pilot workshop is discussed in relation to prior research, giving credence to the potential for incorporating arts into therapy.
Fructose intake in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Li Xiao Ying , Goh George Boon-Bee , Shim Hang Hock , Fook-Chong Stephanie Man Chung , Loh Yet Hua , Chow Wan Cheng 
Published: April 2019

Background: Although growing evidence suggests that fructose intake contributes to the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), fructose intake in NAFLD patients has not been documented locally. Objectives: The objectives of this study were to compare fructose intake between NAFLD patients and controls with chronic hepatitis B, and to ascertain whether fructose intake was associated with the presence of NAFLD. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, case–control study. Thirty-four patients diagnosed with NAFLD and 34 controls with chronic hepatitis B participated in this study between 2012 and 2014 in the Singapore General Hospital outpatient setting. Fructose, energy and nutrient intake were assessed by using food frequency questionnaires. Results: NAFLD patients had higher body mass index (28.6±4.0 vs. 22.5±3.9 kg/m2, p<0.001) and waist circumference (100.0±7.9 vs. 80.2±11.7 cm, p<0.001) than controls. Cases reported higher intakes of energy (2378±708 vs. 1796±398 kcal, p<0.001), protein (109±37 vs. 84±25 g, p<0.01), fat (87±33 vs. 62±19 g, p<0.001), total carbohydrate (294±83 vs. 232±63 g, p<0.001) and fructose (42±17 vs. 31±15 g, p<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed waist circumference (odds ratio: 1.25; 95% confidence interval: 1.11–1.41; p<0.001) and energy intake (odds ratio: 1.002; 95% confidence interval: 1.001–1.004; p<0.05) were significant risk factors for NAFLD. Conclusions: Total calorie, macronutrient and fructose intake in NAFLD patients were significantly higher than in controls. Waist circumference and energy intake were significantly associated with NAFLD. Reducing total calorie intake and adopting healthy eating habits should be emphasized to NAFLD patients to manage their clinical conditions.
‘I think this medicine actually killed my wife’: patient and family perspectives on shared decision-making to optimize medications and safety
Authors: Mangin Dee , Risdon Cathy , Lamarche Larkin , Langevin Jessica , Ali Abbas , Parascandalo Jenna , Stephen Gaibrie , Trimble Johanna 
Published: April 2019

Background: This study explored the perspectives and experiences from patients and families around how patient/family preferences and priorities are considered in medication-related discussions and decisions within the healthcare system. Methods: We conducted a qualitative study using focus groups with residents of Southern Ontario and British Columbia ( N = 16). Three focus groups were conducted using a semi-structured focus group guide. The audiotaped focus group discussions were transcribed verbatim. A thematic analysis, using inductive coding, was completed. Results: A total of three main themes [and several sub-themes (and sub-sub-themes)] emerged from the data: patient and family expertise [ lived experience, information expert, and perceived expert roles (patient/family, healthcare provider)], perceived patient-centredness ( relationship qualities of healthcare provider and assumptions about patients), and system ( time, coordination and communication, and culture). Stories told by participants helped to clarify the relationships between the themes and sub-themes, leading to, what we understand as shared decision-making around medications and subsequent health outcomes. Conclusions: Our findings showed that shared decision-making resulted from both recognition and integration of the personal expertise of the patient and family in medications, and perceived patient-centredness. This is broadly consistent with the current conceptualization of evidence-based medicine. The stories told highlight the complex, dynamic, and nonlinear nature of shared decision-making for medications, and that patient priorities are not as integrated into shared decision-making about medications as we would hope. This suggests the need for developing a systematic process to elicit, record, and integrate patient preferences and priorities about medications to create space for a more patient-centred conversation.
After-hours elective spine deformity corrective surgery for patients with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: Is it safe?
Authors: Chiu Chee Kidd , Chan Chris Yin Wei , Chandren Josephine Rebecca , Ong Jun Yin , Loo Shweh Fern , Hasan Mohd Shahnaz , Kwan Mun Keong 
Published: April 2019

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the outcome of after-hours electively planned Posterior Spinal Fusion surgeries for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) patients with daytime surgeries. Methods: This was a retrospective propensity score-matched study using prospectively collected data. Surgeries performed between 08:00 and 16:59 h were labeled as daytime surgeries (group 1) and surgeries performed between 17:00 and 06:00 h were labeled as after-hours surgeries (group 2). The perioperative outcome parameters were average operation time in and out, operation duration, intraoperative blood loss, blood transfusion, intraoperative hemodynamic parameters, preoperative hemoglobin, postoperative hemoglobin, and total patient-controlled anesthesia (PCA) morphine usage. Radiological variables assessed were Lenke subtypes, preoperative Cobb angle, number of fusion levels, number of screws used, postoperative Cobb angle, correction rate, side bending flexibility, side bending correction index, complications rate, and length of hospitalization. Results: Average operation time in for daytime group was 11:32 ± 2:33 h versus 18:20 ± 1:05 h in after-hours group. Comparing daytime surgeries with after-hours surgeries, there were no significant differences ( p > 0.05) in the operation duration, intraoperative blood loss, intraoperative pH, bicarbonate, lactate, postoperative hemoglobin, hemoglobin drift, blood transfusion, postoperative Cobb angle, correction rate, side bending flexibility, side bending correction index, length of hospitalization, and complications rate. Total PCA morphine usage was significantly lesser in the after-hours group (18.2 ± 15.3 mg) compared with the daytime group (24.6 ± 16.6 mg; p = 0.042). Conclusions: After-hours elective spine deformity corrective surgeries for healthy ambulatory patients with AIS were as safe as when they were done during daytime.