bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Orbitofrontal cortex volume prospectively predicts cannabis and other substance use onset in adolescents
Authors: Wade Natasha E , Bagot Kara S , Cota Claudia I , Fotros Aryandokht , Squeglia Lindsay M , Meredith Lindsay R , Jacobus Joanna 
Published: June 2019

Background: Identifying neural characteristics that predict cannabis initiation is important for prevention efforts. The orbitofrontal cortex is critical for reward response and may be vulnerable to substance-induced alterations. Aims: We measured orbitofrontal cortex thickness, surface area, and volume prior to the onset of use to predict cannabis involvement during an average nine-year follow-up. Methods: Adolescents ( n=118) aged 12–15 years completed baseline behavioral assessment and magnetic resonance imaging scans, then were followed up to 13 years with annual substance use interviews. Logistic regression examined baseline (pre-substance use) bilateral medial and lateral orbitofrontal cortex characteristics (volume, surface area, or cortex thickness) as predictors of regular cannabis use by follow-up. Post-hoc multinomial logistic regression assessed whether orbitofrontal cortex characteristics significantly predicted either alcohol use alone or cannabis+alcohol co-use. Brain-behavior relationships were assessed through follow-up correlations of baseline relationships between orbitofrontal cortex and executive functioning, reward responsiveness, and behavioral approach traits. Results: Larger left lateral orbitofrontal cortex volume predicted classification as cannabis user by follow-up ( p=0.025, odds ratio=1.808). Lateral orbitofrontal cortex volume also predicted cannabis+alcohol co-user status ( p=0.008, odds ratio=2.588), but not alcohol only status. Larger lateral orbitofrontal cortex volume positively correlated with greater baseline reward responsiveness ( p=0.030, r=0.348). There were no significant results by surface area or cortex thickness ( ps>0.05). Conclusions: Larger left lateral orbitofrontal cortex measured from ages 12–15 years and prior to initiation of substance use was related to greater reward responsiveness at baseline and predicted classification as a cannabis user and cannabis+alcohol co-user by final follow-up. Larger lateral orbitofrontal cortex volume may represent aberrant orbitofrontal cortex maturation and increasing vulnerability for later substance use.
Aquaporin-4 IgG antibody-related disorders in patients with juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Moraitis E , Stathopoulos Y , Hong Y , Al-Obaidi M , Mankad K , Hacohen Y , Sen D , Hemingway C , Eleftheriou D 
Published: June 2019

Objective The aim of this study was to: (a) screen a large group of unselected patients with juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus for anti-aquaporin 4 antibodies (AQP4-Ab); (b) identify clinical and laboratory predictors of the presence of AQP4-Ab positivity in juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus. Methods Sera from 90 patients with juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus were tested for the presence of AQP4-Ab using a cell-based assay. Demographics, clinical and immunological features, treatment received were summarized. Fisher’s exact test was used to identify clinical predictors of positivity for AQP4-Ab. Results Five of 90 (5.5%) patients tested positive for AQP4-Ab, all of which had neurological involvement, mainly transverse myelitis and optic neuritis. AQP4-Ab-positive patients were more likely to have neurological symptoms ( P = 0.002), less likely to experience dermatological manifestations ( P = 0.045), and less likely to have detectable anti-dsDNA antibodies ( P = 0.022). These patients were also more likely to have received anti-epileptic ( P = 0.023) and anti-coagulant ( P = 0.007) drugs. Conclusions The findings of this study indicate that some patients with juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus develop antibodies against aquaporin-4 and may be at risk of developing a neurological clinical phenotype. We suggest that all juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus patients should be systematically screened for the presence of AQP4-Ab and this may help identify a high risk for neurological involvement in juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus.
Dynamic First Tarsometatarsal Instability During Gait Evaluated by Pedobarographic Examination in Patients With Hallux Valgus
Authors: Min Byung Cho , Chung Chin Youb , Park Moon Seok , Choi Young , Koo Seungbum , Jang Seonpyo , Lee Kyoung Min 
Published: June 2019

Background: This study aimed to investigate the pedobarographic characteristics of tarsometatarsal instability and to identify factors associated with pedobarographic first tarsometatarsal instability in patients with hallux valgus. Methods: Fifty-seven patients (mean age, 59.7 years; standard deviation, 11.4 years; 6 men and 51 women) with a hallux valgus angle (HVA) greater than 15 degrees were included. All patients underwent a pedobarographic examination along with weightbearing anteroposterior (AP) and lateral foot radiography. Radiographic measurements were compared between the 2 groups with and without pedobarographic first tarsometatarsal instability. The association between the radiographic and pedobarographic parameters of the first tarsometatarsal instability was analyzed using the chi-square test. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to identify significant factors affecting pedobarographic first tarsometatarsal instability. Results: The HVA ( P < .001), intermetatarsal angle ( P = .001), and AP talo-first metatarsal angle were significantly different between the pedobarographically stable and unstable tarsometatarsal groups. There was no significant association between radiographic and pedobarographic instability of the first tarsometatarsal joint ( P = .924). The HVA was found to be the only significant factor affecting pedobarographic tarsometatarsal joint instability ( P = .001). Conclusion: The pedobarographic examination has possible clinical utility in evaluating first tarsometatarsal joint instability in patients with hallux valgus. Patients with a greater HVA should be assessed for the presence of first tarsometatarsal instability, and the necessity of the Lapidus procedure should be considered. Level of Evidence: Level III, comparative study.
Health and Quality of Life Outcomes Among Patients Undergoing Surgery for End-Stage Ankle Arthritis
Authors: Rajapakshe Shanika , Sutherland Jason M. , Wing Kevin , Crump Trafford , Liu Guiping , Penner Murray , Younger Alastair , Veljkovic Andrea , Redfern Kate 
Published: June 2019

Background: There is little research investigating which aspects of health-related quality of life change following ankle arthrodesis and total ankle replacement surgery. The objective of this study was to report on statistically and clinically relevant changes in multiple dimensions of health-related quality of life among patients undergoing ankle replacement or fusion surgery. Methods: This study was based on a prospective sample of ankle arthrodesis and total ankle replacement patients. Participants complete the Ankle Osteoarthritis Scale, EuroQoL’s EQ-5D-3L, the Patient Health Questionnaire–9, and the pain intensity, interference with enjoyment of life, and general activity pain instrument. Instruments were completed preoperatively and postoperatively. Multivariate regression models were used to measure the change in health-related quality of life outcomes, adjusting for demographic, clinical, and health service utilization. Results: Participants achieved statistically significant improvements in health-related quality of life in each domain of measurement. The majority of participants reported clinically significant improvement in pain. Mild depressive symptoms were common, and clinically significant improvement in depression symptoms occurred in 22% of patients. Gains in health were more pronounced among participants reporting the worst preoperative health in all domains quality of life measured. Conclusions: Pain showed a clinically important improvement among 64% of participants whereas 22% reported a clinically meaningful improvement in their depression symptoms postoperatively. Clinically significant gains in health-related quality of life were not experienced by all participants in all dimensions. Further research is warranted to better understand the failure of some patients to improve in dimensions of health studied. Level of Evidence: Level III, comparative study.
Does vitamin E highly-crosslinked polyethylene convey an advantage in primary total hip replacement? A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wyatt Michael C , Roberton Andrew , Foxall-Smi Michael , Beswick Andrew D , Kunutsor Setor K , Whitehouse Michael R 
Published: June 2019

Background: Vitamin E highly cross-linked polyethylene (HXLPE) was developed to reduce wear in total hip replacement (THR). This formal systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to provide independent synthesis of wear characteristics of Vitamin E treated HXLPE compared to HXPLE/UHMWPE. Secondary outcome measures were differences in revision rates and functional scores. Methods: We performed a formal systematic review as per PRISMA guidelines; literature searches were conducted on 14 November 2017 (MEDLINE, Embase on Ovid, and the Cochrane Library). We included randomised controlled trials, analyses of joint registries, and case-controlled studies of primary THR comparing cups with a vitamin E HXLPE bearing with bearing surfaces made from other types of polyethylene. Initial screening was performed by 2 independent assessors; disagreement resolved in discussion with a third reviewer. Studies were evaluated using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Data extraction permitted meta-analysis. Results: 372 studies were identified on initial screening, 5 studies met the eligibility criteria. There was no significant heterogeneity between studies. There was variable risk of bias. At a mean of 35 (range 20–60) months, Vitamin E HXLPE had significant advantages over highly cross-linked polyethylene with regards total femoral head penetration ( p = 0.004). Given the RSA measurement errors this may not be clinically significant. There were neither significant differences in revision rates nor Harris Hip Scores ( p = 0.06). Conclusion: At a minimum of 3 years follow-up there was reduced total femoral head penetration for vitamin E HXLPE over HXLPE. This bearing surface does not, as yet, have clinically significant advantages in terms of revision rates or patient function over HXLPE.
Bilateral Transient Myopia with Sulfasalazine Treatment
Authors: Paz Tal , Rappoport Daniel , Hilely Assaf , Leiba Hana 
Published: June 2019

Purpose: Several case reports of transient drug-induced myopia have been reported, mainly due to sulfa drugs. We present a case of a sudden and significant increase in myopia associated with initiation of Sulfasalazine for long-standing ulcerative colitis in an adult Caucasian female. Case report: Our patient presented to the emergency room with acute bilateral visual loss. Ocular examination was normal, except for myopia of −4 Diopters (D) in both eyes (BE). The patient was advised to stop the medication, and her vision improved within 4 days to best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of 6/7.5 with a refractive correction of −0.75 D in her right eye (RE) and BCVA of 6/6 with a refractive correction of −0.50 D in her left eye (LE). Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the second reported case of transient Sulfasalazine-induced myopia.
Implementation factors are neglected in research investigating telehealth delivery of allied health services to rural children: A scoping review
Authors: Campbell Jessica , Theodoros Deborah , Hartley Nicole , Russell Trevor , Gillespie Nicole 
Published: June 2019

Introduction Rural children are likely to benefit from the telehealth delivery of multidisciplinary allied healthcare. This study aimed to (a) identify the scope of literature describing the telehealth delivery of allied health services to children living in rural areas and (b) understand the extent to which implementation – that is, specific activities designed to put telehealth into practice – has been investigated in such literature. Methods Systematic scoping review methodology was used to locate studies in which telehealth delivered allied health services to children aged 0–12 who lived rurally (January 1998–January 2018). Two reviewers screened the studies, extracted data and appraised quality with Critical Skills Appraisal Programme checklists. Databases searched were PubMed, MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, ERIC and Cochrane Library. Results Data were extracted from 23 papers (two randomised controlled trials, one pseudorandomised controlled trial, one non-randomised experimental trial, two interrupted time series without parallel control groups, 10 case series and seven studies of diagnostic yield). Most were level III ( n = 4) or IV ( n = 17) when classified according to National Health and Medical Research Council guidelines. One study met all Critical Skills Appraisal Programme quality criteria. Allied healthcare interventions were aimed at improving functioning in communication ( n = 10), behaviour and socio-emotional domains ( n = 8) and identifying hearing concerns ( n = 5). Many studies ( n = 12) identified implementation facilitators, largely training and equipment. Only one study referred to an explicit framework for telehealth implementation (user-centred design). Discussion Future research should target occupational therapy, physiotherapy, dietetics and social work, and determine the implementation factors and models likely to create successful telehealth services for this population.
Investigation and optimization of valve train abnormal noise under idle condition
Authors: Zheng Xu , Luo Xuan , Zhou Quan , Qiu Yi , Hao Zhi-Yong 
Published: June 2019

This paper investigated an abnormal noise under idle condition and analyzed the mechanism of the noise based on the results of experiments and dynamics simulations. It is confirmed that knocking inside variable valve timing phaser is the source of the abnormal noise. The results of experiments show that half-order rhythm of the vibration and noise components around 1000 and 2100 Hz are different from the other dominant components, which is possible to involve the abnormal noise. Numerical analyses are conducted to simulate the process of the abnormal noise. It is found that the thickness of the blades of the variable valve timing rotor has significant influence on the abnormal noise. The simulation implies that increasing the thickness of the rotor blades will decrease the abnormal noise. When the thickness increases to 3.0 mm, the acoustic frequencies within 1000–1200 Hz have an average drop of 3.7 dB(A), and the acoustic frequencies within 2000–2200 Hz have an average drop of 12.5 dB(A). The results of verification experiments show that the amplitudes of the abnormal noise have obvious reduction, and the abnormal noise is basically eliminated under subjective evaluation.
Splenectomy fails to attenuate immuno-hematologic changes after rodent vertical sleeve gastrectomy
Authors: Himel Alexandra R , Taylor Erin B , Phillips Charles L , Welch Bradley A , Spann Redin A , Bandyopadhyay Sibali , Grayson Bernadette E 
Published: June 2019

Bariatric surgery is on the rise for long-term weight loss and produces various positive metabolic health benefits. The mechanisms that produce surgical weight loss are not yet fully understood. Previous studies showed vertical sleeve gastrectomy prior to gestation resulted in reduced peripheral blood lymphocytes measured during pregnancy due to an undetermined etiology. Further, elevated splenic weight has been associated with vertical sleeve gastrectomy surgery. We hypothesized that perhaps altered splenic filtration was trapping circulating lymphocytes and thus reducing peripheral blood lymphocytes in circulation and contributing to increased spleen weight. We posited whether removal of the spleen concomitant with the stomach surgery may result in an improved immune phenotype. We evaluated female long Evans rats having received Sham surgery or vertical sleeve gastrectomy, with or without splenectomy to determine the contribution of the spleen on metabolic and immune factors after vertical sleeve gastrectomy. Vertical sleeve gastrectomy animals lost significant amounts of body mass and fat mass and ate less in comparison to Sham females during the first five post-operative weeks, but there was no specific effect of the loss of spleen on body mass, fat mass, or food intake. During the post-operative week 6, animals were euthanized and blood recovered for cell sorting of immune cells. There was a reduction in CD3+ total T cells, CD3/CD4+ helper T cells, and CD3/CD8+ cytotoxic T cells, main effect of both bariatric surgery ( P < 0.0001) and splenectomy ( P < 0.01). Furthermore, there was a significant increase in CD45RA+ B cells as a result of splenectomy ( P < 0.001), but a significant reduction in B cells as a result of VSG surgery ( P < 0.05). The changes in total T cells but not B cells were strongly correlated with fat mass. Further studies are needed to understand the cause of the immune changes after surgical weight loss. Impact statement Bariatric surgery and in particular vertical sleeve gastrectomy are the fastest growing means for robust amelioration of the comorbidities of obesity. The ramifications of the surgeries on immune health are of important consequence because of the connectivity of immunity with every organ system. The current work reports on the impact of the surgery on the spleen, thymus, and peripheral blood in a rodent model that mimics human surgical outcomes. We demonstrate altered immune health in the VSG rat.
Comparison of Qualitative and Quantitative Assessments of Iliac Artery Tortuosity and Calcification
Authors: Doyle Matthew G. , Crawford Sean A. , Osman Elrasheed , Hatch Jessica , Tse Leonard W. , Amon Cristina H. , Forbes Thomas L. 
Published: June 2019

Introduction: During endovascular aneurysm repair, the iliac artery typically serves as a conduit for device delivery. The degree of tortuosity and calcification in the iliac artery ultimately determines whether the device can successfully traverse the vessel. These 2 parameters can be assessed using qualitative approaches or calculated using quantitative methods based on the Society for Vascular Surgery (SVS) reporting standards. The objective of this study was to determine whether qualitative methods are sufficient to accurately assess iliac artery tortuosity and calcification by calculating interobserver variability and comparing them to the SVS Reporting Standards. Methods: Three vascular surgeons reviewed preoperative computed tomography scans for 50 patients who underwent fenestrated endovascular aneurysm repair and qualitatively assessed left and right iliac artery tortuosity and calcification. Iliac artery geometries were segmented from these image sets. Tortuosity index and calcification length ratio were calculated and categorized based on the SVS Reporting Standards. Results: Interobserver variability was calculated for the qualitative assessments using interclass correlation coefficients. For tortuosity index, among the 3 observers, good agreement was found for the left iliac artery and fair agreement was found for the right. For calcification length ratio, excellent agreement was found for both iliac arteries. When compared to the quantitative assessment, the qualitative assessments underpredicted tortuosity in 2.3% of cases, matched the quantitative values in 16.7% of cases, and overpredicted tortuosity in 81.0% of cases. The qualitative assessments underpredicted calcification in 46.3% of cases, matched the quantitative values in 49.3% of cases, and overpredicted calcification in 4.3% of cases. Conclusion: Qualitative assessment of iliac artery tortuosity showed fair-to-good interobserver agreement and poor agreement to SVS Reporting Standards. Qualitative assessment of iliac artery calcification showed excellent interobserver agreement and fair agreement to SVS Reporting Standards. These trends should be considered when qualitative reporting methodologies are used.
Circulating tumor cell-related transcripts in blood as prognostic biomarkers of early recurrence after liver resection for colorectal metastases
Authors: Giuliante Felice , Panettieri Elena , Ardito Francesco , De Rose Agostino , Pocino Krizia , Autilio Chiara , Paolillo Carmela , Capoluongo Ettore Domenico 
Published: June 2019

Background: Several prognostic factors were proposed to improve early detection of recurrence after liver resection of metastases of colorectal cancer. Circulating tumor cell-related transcripts were evaluated in colorectal cancer patients with conflicting results. The aim of this study was to investigate usefulness of carcinoembryonic antigen CAM5, epidermal growth factor receptor, and ERCC1 transcripts in the bloodstream as predictive factors of recurrence in patients who underwent liver resection for metastases of colorectal cancer. Methods: Peripheral blood was collected from 29 patients at the time of the colorectal cancer liver metastasis resection, and from 25 normal controls. Follow-up draws (FUDs) were also performed at 30 days, and 3 and 12 months since surgery. On each sample, carcinoembryonic antigen CAM5, ERCC1, and GAPDH mRNAs were examined by quantitative reverse transcription (qRT). Results: Carcinoembryonic antigen transcript levels were linearly correlated to the number of spiked cells (qRT analytical limit = five cells). Among 29 patients (20 M/9 F; mean age 63 years (range 32–79), highly significant levels of carcinoembryonic antigen, if compared to the baseline, were detected in those relapsing after surgery ( P <0.05). The main differences were between the 1st- and 12th-month FUDs. Significantly higher levels of carcinoembryonic antigen were also detected in patients who died from disease progression during the follow-up (as evaluated at 30 days and 90 days FUDs). Conclusions: Blood carcinoembryonic antigen-mRNA absolute copy number overtime variation can represent a valid early predictor of relapse after liver resection in colorectal liver metastases patients. Prospective studies, in the context of large clinical trials, will provide further data to also qualify ERCC1 as a predictive biomarker for decisions on therapeutic strategies.
Development and preliminary validation of the Coach Interpersonal Style Observational System
Authors: Pulido Juan J , Sánchez-Oliva David , Silva Marlene N , Palmeira Antonio L , García-Calvo Tomás 
Published: June 2019

Objectives The aim of this study was to design and develop a multidimensional observational coding system (Coach Interpersonal Style Observational System) to assess coaches' interpersonal style adopted during training sessions and matches. Equipment and methods Content validity was established by 11 experts (with proven knowledge and experience in sport science, motivational psychology, and coaching) using qualitative (e.g. ease of comprehension, utility, and adequacy of examples) and quantitative (category scores) approaches. Coders were trained to test inter- and intra-rater reliability. Results Qualitative analyses revealed global positive assessment. Experts' category scores were very high. After coder training, inter- and intra-rater reliability scores were acceptable. Discriminant validity was tested through the pilot application to eight soccer coaches. Overall, the results support the preliminary reliability and validity of an instrument to analyze interpersonal coach behavior.