bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Number of syllables in cuckoo Cuculus canorus calls: A test using a citizen science project
Authors: Benedetti Yanina , Slezak Karolina , Møller Anders Pape , Morelli Federico , Tryjanowski Piotr 
Published: August 2018

AbstractRecent studies revealed that the call of the common cuckooCuculus canorushas more inter-individual than intra-individual variation and that the number of syllables depends on environmental conditions, but also the presence of male and female conspecifics. However, still very little is known about how song varies at a global scale, especially considering the wide distribution of this species across most of Europe and Asia. Xeno-canto.org is a vocalization repository for birdsong. We used xeno-canto.org as a data source for investigating the variables that affect the number of syllables in cuckoo calls at a large spatial scale. At a very broad geographical scale, the number of syllables in cuckoo calls predicted bird species richness. Additionally, female calls were associated with shorter males calls, and there was a positive correlation between the interaction between female calls and the number of host races parasitized by the cuckoo. These findings confirm that intraspecific and interspecific interactions significantly affect the number of syllables in cuckoo calls, and both environmental variables and biotic interactions should be considered in future studies of vocalizations in cuckoos. Last but not least, we demonstrated that a citizen science project is a useful source for ecological studies at large spatial scales.
An Orangutan Hangs Up a Tool for Future Use
Authors: Mulcahy Nicholas J. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractObservational reports suggest that great apes perform tool-orientated actions in preparation for a tool’s future use. Some of these observations suggest remarkable planning skills because the target for the tool’s intended use was not present during the tool-orientated actions. Although these observational reports are intriguing, such planning ability has yet to be studied experimentally. To address this issue, I conducted two experiments that were inspired by an orangutan’s innovative behaviour during a novel enrichment task: the orangutan spontaneously secured a tool he was using to rake-in rewards by hanging it up when it was not in use but would be required a short time later. Experiment 1 showed that securing the tool predominately occurred when the orangutan could anticipate the tool’s future use, but rarely occurred when he could anticipate no further use for it. Experiment 2 indicated that the tool’s atypical size and/or weight were possible factors that prompted the orangutan to hang up the tool. Overall, the findings suggest that an orangutan not only innovated a novel way of securing a tool, but did so in anticipation of its future use.
Multilayered Cultures of NSCLC cells grown at the Air-Liquid Interface allow the efficacy testing of inhaled anti-cancer drugs
Authors: Movia Dania , Bazou Despina , Volkov Yuri , Prina-Mello Adriele 
Published: August 2018

AbstractEvidence supports the advantages of inhalation over other drug-administration routes in the treatment of lung diseases, including cancer. Although data obtained from animal models and conventional in vitro cultures are informative, testing the efficacy of inhaled chemotherapeutic agents requires human-relevant preclinical tools. Such tools are currently unavailable. Here, we developed and characterized in vitro models for the efficacy testing of inhaled chemotherapeutic agents against non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). These models recapitulated key elements of both the lung epithelium and the tumour tissue, namely the direct contact with the gas phase and the three-dimensional (3D) architecture. Our in vitro models were formed by growing, for the first time, human adenocarcinoma (A549) cells as multilayered mono-cultures at the Air-Liquid Interface (ALI). The in vitro models were tested for their response to four benchmarking chemotherapeutics, currently in use in clinics, demonstrating an increased resistance to these drugs as compared to sub-confluent monolayered 2D cell cultures. Chemoresistance was comparable to that detected in 3D hypoxic tumour spheroids. Being cultured in ALI conditions, the multilayered monocultures demonstrated to be compatible with testing drugs administered as a liquid aerosol by a clinical nebulizer, offering an advantage over 3D tumour spheroids. In conclusion, we demonstrated that our in vitro models provide new human-relevant tools allowing for the efficacy screening of inhaled anti-cancer drugs.
Residential wearable RSSI and accelerometer measurements with detailed location annotations
Authors: Byrne Dallan , Kozlowski Michal , Santos-Rodriguez Raul , Piechocki Robert , Craddock Ian 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThis repository offers smart-home wearable accelerometer and Radio Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) data acquired : 1) with low-cost hardware; 2) with high-resolution location annotations; 3) from four UK homes. The data are intended to evaluate RSSI-based indoor localisation methods with activity measurements provided from a user-worn wearable device. A wrist worn accelerometer records activity signatures which are relayed to a number of receiving Access Points (AP) placed throughout the building. Upon reception of a packet, each AP measures the RSSI of the received radio signal and timestamps the accelerometer measurements. Location labels are recorded automatically using a small camera which registers fiducial floor tags as the participant carries out their normal routines in a natural way. Approximately 14 h of annotated wearable measurements are provided. A scripted fingerprint measurement is provided along with several unscripted natural living recordings, where the participant carried out a number of daily household activities which are annotated, where possible, throughout. Codes are provided to access the data and to replicate the ground-truthing procedure.
Transcriptomic analyses of murine ventricular cardiomyocytes
Authors: Chevalier Morgan , Vermij Sarah H. , Wyler Kurt , Gillet Ludovic , Keller Irene , Abriel Hugues 
Published: August 2018

AbstractMice are used universally as model organisms for studying heart physiology, and a plethora of genetically modified mouse models exist to study cardiac disease. Transcriptomic data for whole-heart tissue are available, but not yet for isolated ventricular cardiomyocytes. Our lab therefore collected comprehensive RNA-seq data from wildtype murine ventricular cardiomyocytes as well as from knockout models of the ion channel regulators CASK, dystrophin, and SAP97. We also elucidate ion channel expression from wild-type cells to help forward the debate about which ion channels are expressed in cardiomyocytes. Researchers studying the heart, and especially cardiac arrhythmias, may benefit from these cardiomyocyte-specific transcriptomic data to assess expression of genes of interest.
microRNA profile datasets of murine macrophages infected with different strains of Leptospira spp
Authors: Garcia Leandro E. , Junior Erivelto C. A. , Bragato Jaqueline P. , Melo Larissa M. , Lima Valéria F. M. , Peiró Juliana R. , Arnold Daniel R. , Marinho Márcia , Lopes Flavia L. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractMicroRNAs play an important role in the regulation of immune responses. The influence of epigenetic mechanisms, particularly RNA-mediated post-transcriptional regulation of host immune responses has been proven vital following infections by different pathogens, and bacteria can modulated host miRNAs. Global miRNA expression analysis from macrophages infected in vitro with different strains of Leptospira spp was performed using miRNA 4.1 microarray strips. Leptospirosis is a bacterial zoonosis of global importance, responsible for significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Despite considerable advances, much is yet to be discovered about disease pathogenicity, particularly in regards to host-pathogen interactions. We present here a high-quality dataset examining the microtranscriptome of murine macrophages J774A.1 following 8h of infection with virulent, attenuated and saprophyte strains of Leptospira. Metadata files were submitted to the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) repository.
Skrotales Lymphödem -
Authors: Ehrl Denis , Tritschler Stefan , Haas Elisabeth Maria , Alhadlg Ahmad , Giunta Riccardo E. 
Published: August 2018

ZusammenfassungDer Fallbericht beschreibt das seltene Krankheitsbild des skrotalen Lymphödems (Elephantiasis) bei einem Kaukasier. Es handelt sich dabei um die ausgeprägteste
Form der skrotalen Elephantiasis, die nach unseren Informationen bisher in Deutschland beschrieben wurde. Es soll ein Vorschlag für eine operative Therapie und
Rekonstruktion des Genitales unter Erhalt der Hoden mit einem funktionell und ästhetisch akzeptablen Ergebnis gegeben werden.
Karl Landsteiner: Entdecker der Blutgruppen in Wien – Nobelpreisträger in New York
Authors: Bauer Axel 
Published: August 2018

ZusammenfassungAm 14. Juni 1868 wurde Karl Landsteiner (1868 – 1943) in Baden bei Wien geboren. Nach dem Studium der Medizin in Wien und der Chemie in München, Zürich und Würzburg arbeitete Landsteiner zwischen 1897 und 1908 am Pathologisch-Anatomischen Institut der Universität Wien, an der er sich 1903 auch habilitierte. Im Rahmen seiner Forschungen auf den Gebieten der Bakteriologie und der Serologie entdeckte er 1900/1901 das später unter der Bezeichnung AB0 bekannt gewordene System der menschlichen Blutgruppen. Der schon 1890 vom Judentum zum katholischen Glauben konvertierte Landsteiner war von 1908 – 1919 Prosektor am Wiener Wilhelminenspital, von 1919 – 1922 Prosektor am katholischen Krankenhaus in Den Haag. 1922 berief ihn Simon Flexner (1863 – 1946) an das Rockefeller Institute in New York, wo er bis zu seinem Tod als Forscher tätig war. 1930 erhielt Landsteiner den Nobelpreis für Physiologie oder Medizin für die Entdeckung der Blutgruppen. 1940 beschrieb er zusammen mit seinem Schüler Alexander Wiener (1907 – 1976) den Rhesusfaktor. Als Folge des in Österreich herrschenden Antisemitismus vor und während der NS-Zeit litt Landsteiner zeitlebens darunter, dass er nie nach Wien zurückberufen wurde. Erst 1961 wurde für ihn posthum eine Gedenktafel im Arkadenhof der Universität Wien aufgestellt.
Silent Inflammation – stumme Entzündung
Authors: Friedrichsen Hans-Peter 
Published: August 2018

ZusammenfassungSilent Inflammation verläuft chronisch, niedrigschwellig und häufig über längere Zeit ohne klassische Entzündungszeichen. Diese sog. stummen Entzündungsprozesse sind Ursache und Auslöser zahlreicher chronischer Gesundheitsstörungen. Sie können Erkrankungen wie Arteriosklerose, Hypertonie, Diabetes Typ 2 begünstigen sowie Alterungsprozesse beschleunigen.Eine nicht zu unterschätzende Bedeutung für die Entstehung und Unterhaltung der Silent Inflammation bilden Übergewicht, westliche Zivilisationskost mit einem hohen Anteil an Zucker, Junkfood, gesättigten Fetten und raffinierten Kohlenhydraten. Eine ursächliche Therapie muss daher bei der Ernährung und dem Gewichtsmanagement sowie körperlicher Aktivität ansetzen.
Vitamin D in der Schmerztherapie
Authors: Gröber Uwe , Holick Michael F. 
Published: August 2018

ZusammenfassungEine unzureichende diätetische Verfügbarkeit an neuroprotektiven Nährstoffen spielt bei der Pathogenese von Schmerzen eine wichtige Rolle. Deshalb sollte bei der Schmerzdiagnostik immer auch an die Versorgung mit Vitaminen und neuroprotektiven Nährstoffen gedacht werden. Neuroprotektive Substanzen wie Vitamin D können die pharmakologische Schmerztherapie sinnvoll unterstützen. Bei muskuloskelettalen Schmerzen unterschiedlicher Genese sollte ein Vitamin-D-Mangel (25(OH)D: < 20 ng/ml) unter ärztlicher Kontrolle ausgeglichen werden (Zielwert-25(OH)D: 40–60 ng/ml). Die Lebensqualität und Schmerzbelastung kann durch Vitamin D signifikant verbessert werden.
F.X. Mayr-Therapie – Behandlungsoption bei Silent Inflammation
Authors: Fegerl Sepp 
Published: August 2018

ZusammenfassungDie F.X. Mayr-Therapie zielt auf die Wiederherstellung eines gesunden und leistungsfähigen Darmtrakts. Die Diagnostik und Therapie mit den 4 Therapieprinzipien
Schonung, Säuberung, Schulung, Substitution bilden die Basis der Behandlung. Im Zentrum stehen das Erlernen einer richtigen Esskultur mit Kauschulung,
Sensibilisierung des Geschmackssinns und des natürlichen Sättigungsgefühls sowie die geeignete Auswahl der Nahrungsmittel. Der Fasteneffekt einer Mayr-Kur
fördert die Autophagie, regeneriert den Darm und wirkt auf diese Weise Entzündungsprozessen im Körper entgegen.
The Antithrombotic Potential of Dalteparin in Man Assessed Indirectly by Wessler’s Technique
Authors: Millet J , Theveniaux J , Tachon G , Bogaievsky Y , Grippat J C , Samama M , Brown N L 
Published: August 2018

SummaryThe aim of this study was to demonstrate the effectiveness of a new experimental approach for assessing the antithrombotic potential of low molecular weight heparins (LMWH) such as dalteparin. In this approach, sera obtained from healthy volunteers treated with various i.v. doses of dalteparin (30, 60 or 120 anti-Xa IU/kg) or placebo (physiological saline) were used as the thrombogenic challenge in a Wessler’s stasis model of experimental venous thrombosis in the rat. Sera from placebo-treated volunteers showed a stable thrombogenic activity (0.25 ml/kg of serum producing thrombi of about 50 mg wet weight). Sera from healthy volunteers having previously received dalteparin however demonstrated dose- and time-related reductions in their thrombogenic activity. Half-lives of these effects were 300, 444 and >480 min for 30,60 and 120 anti-Xa IU/kg dalteparin respectively. These values were significantly higher than the corresponding anti-Xa and anti-IIa half-lives.
Antithrombotic Activity of Dermatan Sulphates, Heparins and their Combination in an Animal Model of Arterial Thrombosis
Authors: Iacoviello Licia , D'Adamo Maria Cristina , Pawlak Krystyna , Polishchuck Roman , Wollny Tomasz , Buczko Wlodzimierz , Donati Maria Benedetta 
Published: August 2018

SummaryDermatan sulphates have been shown to inhibit thrombus formation and thrombus growth in different experimental models of venous thrombosis. At variance with heparins, they show a remarkably low haemorrhagic potential. On the other hand, very few data are available on the effect of dermatan sulphates on arterial thrombus formation. We evaluated the effects of a low molecular weight (LMW)-dermatan sulphate, a high molecular weight (HMW)-dermatan sulphate and sulo-dexide (a mixture of fast-moving heparin fraction and dermatan sulphate) in comparison with LMW- and HMW-heparin, in a model of arterial thrombosis in rats. The insertion of an artificial prosthesis into the abdominal aorta of the animals induced the formation of an occluding thrombus within 2-5 days. The time in which 50% of the loops became occluded (OT50) was also calculated and used to compare the efficacy of the different drug treatments. This was 2.84 days for control animals and 4.25 and 5.80 days for HMW- and LMW-dermatan sulphate, respectively. Neither drug changed the “template” bleeding time, even at higher doses. In contrast, HMW-heparin at doses (8 mg/kg, sc, twice a day) inducing an antithrombotic activity comparable to that of dermatan sulphates, dramatically prolonged the bleeding time. LMW-heparin at the same doses was ineffective. Sulodexide (10 mg/Kg, sc, twice a day) prolonged the occlusion time to the same extent as HMW-heparin (OT50 5.10 vs. 4.14 days), with less an effect on the bleeding time (144 ± 6 s vs. >300 s, respectively). Histological examination confirms that the prolongation of occlusion time induced by the drugs is really related to thrombus formation inhibition at the site of arterial wall injury.Acetyl salicylic acid (ASA) (100 mg/kg/day in drinking water as lysine acetylsalicylate) did not modify the effect of Desmin 370 and Sulodexide on both occlusion and bleeding time. However, while it did not increase the antithrombotic activity of HMW-heparin, it significantly prolonged its haemorrhagic effect. In conclusion, dermatan sulphates are effective inhibitors of arterial thrombosis in rats, without inducing bleeding complications.
Effect of Proteolysis on Quantitation of Plasma Fibronectin Concentration by Two Immunoassays (Electroimmunoassay and Immunoturbidimetric Technique)
Authors: Bykowska K , Wegrzynowicz Z , Lopaciuk S , Kopeć M 
Published: August 2018

SummaryQuantitation of fibronectin (FN) concentration is strongly influenced by FN fragmentation with trypsin, kallikrein and plasmin. Digestion by trypsin and kallikrein leads to a progressive decline in FN detectability by the immunoturbidimetric technique to zero values but is associated with an increase in the height of rockets in the Laurell’s electroimmunoassay. Plasmin mediated FN fragmentation induces a strong overestimation of the FN content by the electroimmunoassay and, at very high enzyme concentrations, provokes an underestimation of FN by the immunoturbidimetric technique. The decline in FN reactivity in the immunoturbidimetric assay coincides with the disappearance of heavy fractions migrating only slightly faster than native FN in SDS-PAGE. The increase in the height of rockets in the electroimmunoassay is the highest when fractions of intermediate rate of migration prevail in the SDS-PAGE pattern. Concomitant use of these two immunoassays can distinguish native FN from its degraded form and may possibly provide a partial explanation for discrepancies in published studies on the concentration of circulating FN in various pathological states.
Vitamin K Dependent Proteins in Fetal Hemostasis at Mid Trimester of Pregnancy
Authors: Forestier F , Daffos F , Rainaut M , Solé Y , Amiral J 
Published: August 2018

SummaryThe vitamin K dependent coagulation factor activities were measured in 63 normal human fetuses from 19 to 28 weeks of pregnancy. These activities were included between 9 to 28 percent of normal adult levels.Prothrombin antigen, factor IX antigen and protein C were also measured. There is a good correlation between prothrombin procoagulant activity and antigenicity, suggesting that low level of these vitamin K dependent proteins in fetuses is probably a consequence of liver immaturity.
Comparative Study of Intranasal, Subcutaneous and Intravenous Administration of Desamino-D-Arginine Vasopressin (DDAVP)
Authors: Köhler M , Hellstern P , Miyashita C , Blohn G von , Wenzel E 
Published: August 2018

SummaryThis study was performed to evaluate the influence of different routes of administration on the efficacy of DDAVP treatment. Ten healthy volunteers received DDAVP intranasally (i.n.), subcutaneously (s.c.) and intravenously (i.v.) in a randomized cross-over trial. Factor XII and high molecular weight (HMW)-kininogen levels increased only slightly after DDAVP administration. The mean increase of factor VIII: C was 3.1 (i. v.), 2.3 (s. c.), and 1.3 (i.n.) - fold over baseline. Ristocetin cofactor (von Willebrand factor antigen) increased 3.1 (2.5), 2.0 (2.3) and 1.2 (1.2) - fold over baseline mean values after i.v., s.c. and i.n. DDAVP, respectively. The half-disappearance time of factor VIII and von Willebrand factor (vWF) after DDAVP ranged from five (factor VIII: C) to eight hours (vWF). The mean increase of fibrinolytic activity was more pronounced after i.v. DDAVP. The antidiuretic effect was moderate with no apparent differences between the routes of application. This study provides further evidence that both i.v. and s.c. DDAVP administration result in an appropriate and reliable stimulation of haemostasis. An additional advantage of s. c. administration is its suitability for home treatment.
First Population-Based Report of Infants with Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia: 30-Day Outcomes from the American College of Surgeons National Quality Improvement Program
Authors: Zani-Ruttenstock Elke , Eaton Simon , Fecteau Annie , Zani Augusto 
Published: August 2018

Aim The American College of Surgeons has developed a registry, the National Quality Improvement Program Pediatric (NSQIP-P), that provides participating centers with high-quality surgical outcome data for children. Herein, we aimed to analyze for the first time the short-term outcomes of live-born infants with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) registered on this large North American database.
Methods During 2015 to 2016, up to 101 participating centers uploaded 95 perioperative data points on the NSQIP-P database for patients that underwent surgical repair of CDH. The demographics, peri-, and post-operative data (up to 30 days following surgical repair) of infants with CDH were reviewed. Binary logistic regression was performed to test associations between risk factors and mortality.
Main Results There were 432 (61% male) infants, who underwent CDH surgical repair during the study period. The prematurity rate (gestational age < 37 weeks) was 17%. The majority of infants (82%) had cardiac risk factors identified (72% were reported as major/severe). Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) was employed in 13% of patients prior to surgery. The majority of infants (83%) were ventilated preoperatively, and 34% received inotropes. Median age at surgery was 5 (0–74) days. CDH repair was attempted via thoracoscopy in 18% (n = 79) infants, but with a high rate of conversion to open surgery (n = 32, 41%). The postoperative 30-day mortality rate was 9%. At binary logistic regression, major cardiac risk factors (odds ratio [OR], 1.7 [0.9–3.2], p = 0.095), Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity, and Respiration at 1 minute (OR, 0.7 per unit [0.5–0.8], p < 0.005), and birth weight (OR, 0.5 per kg [0.2–1.0], p < 0.05) were retained in the final model as significantly associated with mortality.
Conclusion This is the first report on CDH outcomes from the NSQIP-P database. Utilization of ECMO was low compared with single-center studies from North America. The early postoperative mortality rate of babies with CDH considered suitable for surgery remains high.
Quantifying the Impact of Research on Matching into Ophthalmology Residency
Authors: Bargoud Albert , Thangamathesvaran Loka , Patel Varesh , Henseler Robert , Kass William , Khouri Albert 
Published: August 2018

Purpose This article aims to quantify the impact of research on matching into various tiers of ophthalmology residency programs.
Design In this study, 340 applicants who matriculated into ophthalmology residency programs in the United States from the class of 2019 were included. Data variables collected for each applicant composed of the following: Hirsch's index (h-index), total number of publications, journal impact factor, type of publication, and number of publications relating to ophthalmology. The primary outcome was tier of ophthalmology program that each applicant matched into, which was determined by two metrics: (1) the h-index of the department's faculty and (2) overall reputation of the residency program as characterized by the U.S. News and World Report Ophthalmology Rankings.
Results After multivariate analysis, only the h-index was found to be associated with an increased likelihood of matching at a higher tier program when measuring tier based on the metric of institutional research output (p < 0.0001). However, no research variable was found to be significant on multivariate analysis when assessing the impact of research on matching into a certain tier program based on reputation. The h-index was noted to increase by 1 for every 3.1 papers as the first author, every 4.9 years since the first publication, every 6.4 ophthalmology-related publications, and every publication in a journal with an impact factor of 5.2.
Conclusion A higher applicant h-index is associated with matching at an ophthalmology program with greater research output; however, it is not associated with reputation of residency program.