bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation Analysis of the Anterolateral Ligament Length with the Anterior Cruciate Ligament Length and Patient’s Height: An Anatomical Study
Authors: Hohenberger Gloria M. , Maier Marco , Schwarz Angelika M. , Grechenig Peter , Weiglein Andreas H. , Hauer Georg , Leithner Andreas , Sadoghi Patrick 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the anatomical characteristics of the anterolateral ligament of the knee (ALL) with the focus on potential gender differences. The ALL length and the length of the lateral collateral ligament (LCL) were taken in extension. The length of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) was measured at 120° flexion. We correlated the length of the ALL with the LCL and ACL with respect to potential gender differences. The ALL was significantly (p = 0.044) shorter in females (mean length: 32.8 mm) compared to males (mean length: 35.7 mm). The length of the ALL correlated significantly positively with the lengths of the ACL (p < 0.001) and the LCL (p < 0.001). There was no significant correlation with the total leg length (TLL) (p = 0.888) and body size (p = 0.046). Furthermore, TLL and donor size correlated significantly positively (p < 0.001). The ALL length correlated significantly positively with the ACL and the LCL length. The ALL length did neither correlate with the TLL nor the donor size. This fact may contribute to planning of graft harvesting in the upcoming techniques for ALL reconstruction.
Enhancement of element production by incomplete fusion reaction with weakly bound deuteron
Authors: Wang H. , Otsu H. , Chiga N. , Kawase S. , Takeuchi S. , Sumikama T. , Koyama S. , Sakurai H. , Watanabe Y. , Nakayama S. , Ahn D. S. , Baba H. , Chen S. D. , Chikaato K. , Cortés M. L. , Fukuda N. , Hirayama A. , Hosoda R. , Isobe T. , Kawakami S. , Kondo Y. , Kubono S. , Maeda Y. , Masuoka S. , Michimasa S. , Murray I. , Nakajima R. , Nakamura T. , Nakano K. , Nishimura M. , Ozaki T. , Saito A. , Saito T. , Sato H. , Shimizu Y. , Shimoura S. , Söderström P. -A. , Soudo Y. , Sun X. H. , Suwa J. , Suzuki D. , Suzuki H. , Takeda H. , Takechi M. , Togano Y. , Tomai T. , Yamada H. , Yasuda M. , Yoshida K. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractSearching for effective pathways for the production of proton-rich and neutron-rich isotopes is one of the main driving forces behind experimental and theoretical nuclear reaction studies as well as for practical applications in nuclear transmutation of radioactive waste. To produce nuclei effectively, an optimal combination of reaction mechanism and energy is required. We report a study on incomplete fusion induced by deuteron, which contains one proton and one neutron with a weak binding energy and is easily broken up. This reaction study was achieved by measuring directly the cross sections for both proton and deuteron for 107Pd at 50 MeV/u via inverse kinematics technique. The results provide direct experimental evidence for the onset of a cross-section enhancement at high energy, indicating the potential for incomplete fusion induced by loosely-bound nuclei for creating proton-rich isotopes and nuclear transmutation of radioactive waste.
Robust fault‐detection based on residual K–L divergence for wind turbines
Authors: Zhang Yuxian , Wang Kefeng , Qian Xiaoyi , Gendeel Mohammed 
Published: July 2019

A robust fault‐detection design based on residual Kullback–Leibler (K–L) divergence, which is applied to a 5 MW offshore wind turbine (WT) benchmark, is presented. The main challenges of the wind turbine fault detection lie in its complex operation conditions and disturbances as well as measurement noise. For overcoming these difficulties, the measured data are divided on the basis of the operation conditions of WT. The robust residual generator based on parity vector is adopted to calculate the residual under different operation conditions. The K–L divergence based on probability density function is employed to measure the residual. Then, the threshold for the fault detection is determined in line with both false alarm rate and missed detection rate. The simulation results show that the performance and effectiveness of the proposed robust fault detection are better than compared with other data‐driven fault‐detection approaches.
Hybrid data‐model method to improve generation estimation and performance assessment of grid‐tied PV: a case study
Authors: Sundararajan Aditya , Sarwat Arif I. 
Published: July 2019

Increased installed capacity of distributed photovoltaic (PV) systems has necessitated accurate measurement and tracking of PV performance under locality‐specific conditions of irradiance, temperature, and derate factors. Existing PV generation estimation methods are strictly model based and not responsive to changes in weather and system losses. Metrics computed using these methods, therefore, do not capture the real PV behaviour well. This study proposes a hybrid data‐model method (HDMM) that uses historical PV data in addition to model information to improve the accuracy of generation estimation. The generation estimated by HDMM is used to compute performance metrics – performance ratio, yield, capacity factor, energy performance index, and power performance index – for two real‐world PV systems at Miami (, 1.4 MW) and Daytona (, 1.28 MW) for 2017. The significance of these metrics is then evaluated, and a preliminary analysis of inverter efficiencies is provided. Results from this study show that when compared with the existing estimation method, HDMM performs better on an average by 75% for and 10% for . Further, at a given point in time, system is likely to perform better than . The study gives system installers and other stakeholders better PV system visibility, enabling aggregation and transactive energy.
Sliding mode type‐2 neuro‐fuzzy power control of grid‐connected DFIG for wind energy conversion system
Authors: Moradi Hassan , Alinejad‐Beromi Yousef , Yaghobi Hamid , Bustan Danyal 
Published: July 2019

This study presents an adaptive sliding mode type‐2 neuro‐fuzzy controller for power control of doubly fed induction generators (DFIGs). DFIG‐based wind turbine system is variable‐speed constant‐frequency wind energy conversion system. In this proposed control scheme, in order to enhance its performance, sliding mode control (SMC) theory is used for online training the parameters of type‐2 fuzzy system membership functions. To regulate the antecedent and consequent part parameters, the SMC adaptive technique is used according to the controller inputs. These inputs are active and reactive power errors and their time derivative, which applied to the structure of T2NF system. The proposed controller employs an interval type‐2 fuzzy system because of the uncertainties of the wind speed and variation in parameters in the wind power conversion system. The simulations carried out for a DFIG‐based 1.5 MW wind turbine. The results of simulation are compared with the classical proportional–integral controller to confirm the effectiveness of this control scheme. This comparison is carried out between the cut‐in and rated region wind speeds. The results of simulation show that the proposed control scheme has better performance to track the peak power and is more robust to machine parameter variations.
Development of inductive‐loaded ultra‐wideband monopole antennas from stepped‐impedance resonators
Authors: Asokan Hefilia , Gopalakrishnan Srivatsun 
Published: July 2019

An ultra‐wideband (UWB) printed monopole antenna is designed from stepped‐impedance resonator (SIR) geometry. An inductor which is loaded in series between the radiating strips combines the multiple resonance bands of a two‐strip stepped‐impedance printed monopole antenna into a single ultra‐wide resonance band. The two‐strip inductive‐loaded stepped‐impedance printed monopole antenna is theoretically analysed for its resonant frequencies with the proposed modified transmission line analysis of inductive‐loaded SIR model. The proposed analysis is validated by comparing the resonances with the electromagnetic simulation results and real‐time measured results from the fabricated prototype of the antenna. The prototype of the two‐strip inductive‐loaded stepped‐impedance printed monopole antenna fabricated on the low‐cost FR4 substrate, resonated for the ultra‐wide frequency range from 2.58 to 10 GHz.
Le microbiote intestinal, un modulateur clé de la physiologie immunitaire
Authors: Boutherin Valentine , Piastra-Facon Florence , Risson Emma 
Published: July 2019

Microbiote et immunité : nouveaux mécanismes, nouveaux acteurs
Microbiota and immunity: new mechanisms, new actors
Le dossier thématique qui suit a été rédigé par les étudiants de Master 1 de Biologie de l’École normale supérieure (ENS) de Lyon à l’issue de l’UE Microbiologie Moléculaire et Structurale (2018- 19). Le Master de Biologie de l’ENS de Lyon, cohabilité par l’université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, accueille chaque année environ 50 étudiants en M1 et en M2 et propose une formation de haut niveau à la recherche en biosciences. Chaque étudiant y construit son parcours à la carte, en choisissant ses options parmi un large panel de modules, favorisant ainsi une approche pluridisciplinaire des sciences du vivant, et ce en relation étroite avec les laboratoires de recherche du tissu local, national et international. En participant à diverses activités scientifiques connexes aux UE de leur formation, les étudiants préparent également l’obtention du diplôme de l’ENS de Lyon, qui valide leur scolarité à l’ENS. La rédaction du présent dossier, qui vise à transmettre de façon claire les principaux messages issus d’articles scientifiques publiés récemment dans le domaine de la microbiologie, constitue l’une de ces activités connexes proposées aux étudiants. Ces dernières années, des progrès immenses ont été réalisés dans la compréhension des interactions entre le microbiote bactérien, notamment intestinal, et l’immunité (→).
(→) Voir le numéro thématique Le microbiote, cet inconnu qui réside en nous, m/s n° 11, novembre 2016, pages 921-1016
En parallèle, de nouvelles avancées techniques ont permis d’identifier et de caractériser les virus présents au sein du microbiote, rendant possible une meilleure appréhension de la diversité du virobiote et de ses impacts fonctionnels. Le présent dossier illustre quelques aspects de ces relations entre microbiote au sens large et immunité.
Präprothetische Intrusion elongierter oberer Molaren mittels „Mini-Mausefalle“
Authors: Wilmes Benedict , Drescher Dieter 
Published: July 2019

ZusammenfassungElongierte obere Molaren müssen vor einer prothetischen Rehabilitation der Unterkiefer-Molarenregion in vielen Fällen zunächst intrudiert werden. Dies stellt jedoch eine große Herausforderung an die Verankerung dar. In diesem Artikel wird die Verwendung der „Mini-Mausefalle“ beschrieben, die sich auf (Mini-) Implantaten im anterioren Gaumen abstützt. Um die Apparatur klein und effizient zu gestalten, kann die Intrusionsmechanik auch ohne einen Transpalatinalbogen eingesetzt werden. Bei nicht optimal ausgerichteter Kraftwirkungslinie kann es jedoch ohne TPA zu Kippungen der zu intrudierenden Zähne kommen.
Korrektur des offenen Bisses mithilfe von Mini-Implantat gestützter Molarenintrusion
Authors: Willmann Jan H. , Nienkemper Manuel , Stocker Bruce , Wilmes Benedict , Drescher Dieter 
Published: July 2019

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Der Artikel beschreibt die Korrektur skelettal offener Bisse geringgradiger bis moderater Ausprägung mithilfe der Molarenintrusion im Oberkiefer als Verfahren der indirekten Bissvertiefung.
Material und Methode Anhand von 2 Kasuisitiken werden die eingesetzten Intrusionsmechaniken und die klinischen Vorgehensweisen detailliert beschrieben. Die Verankerung erfolgte mit Mini-Implantaten im anterioren Gaumen.
Ergebnisse Die Korrektur der offenen Bisse erfolgte primär durch die Molarenintrusion und die folgende Autorotation der Mandibula. Bei den vorliegenden Fällen zeigte sich 2 Jahre nach der aktiven Behandlung eine stabile Korrektur des offenen Bisses.
Schlussfolgerung Die Korrektur des skelettal offenen Bisses mithilfe einer durch Mini-Implantat gestützten Mechanik stellt bei geringen und moderaten Ausprägungen eine Alternative zur kombiniert kieferorthopädisch-kieferchirugischen Therapie dar. Aufgrund des zu erwartenden Relapses der Molarenintrusion erscheint eine Überkorrektur sowie eine effektive Retentionsstrategie wünschenswert.
Chondroitinsulfat und Glucosamin bei
Arthrose
Authors: Schurgast Hugo 
Published: July 2019

ZusammenfassungFür die Behandlung der Arthrose mit den SYSADOAs (symptomatic slow-acting drugs
in osteoarthritis) Chondroitinsulfat und Glucosamin (einzeln oder in
Kombination) liegt mittlerweile eine gute wissenschaftliche Evidenz vor: Weniger
Schmerz und Entzündung, Reduktion der Verengung des Gelenkspalts, Verbesserung
der Funktionalität und Lebensqualität bei einem guten Nutzen-Risiko-Verhältnis
machen Chondroitinsulfat, aber auch Glucosamin zu einem praktikablen
First-Line-Treatment, insbesondere bei der Behandlung der Kniearthrose. Um diese
positiven Wirkungen zu erzielen, müssen aber einige Voraussetzungen erfüllt
sein: Qualität der Wirkstoffe, korrekte Dosierung und eine je nach Zielsetzung
ausreichend lange Interventionsdauer (Compliance des Patienten!). Dies ist nur
mit einer fachmännischen Beratung gewährleistet.
Neurostrukturelle Integrationstechnik – NST
Authors: Ruppen Olivier 
Published: July 2019

ZusammenfassungJeder dritte Erwachsene in Deutschland hat öfter oder ständig Rückenbeschwerden
1. 2017 litten drei Viertel aller
berufstätigen Deutschen unter solchen Schmerzen 2. Schätzungsweise jeder Dritte leidet besonders unter Beschwerden
am Nacken- und Schultergürtel 3. Diese
Symptome sind das typische Anwendungsgebiet der Neurostrukturellen
Integrationstechnik, kurz NST, die jedoch auch bei so unterschiedlichen
Krankheitsbildern wie Depressionen, ADHS oder Bruxismus eingesetzt werden kann.
NST ist für jede Altersgruppe geeignet – vom Säugling bis zum älteren
Menschen.
Kräftigung wider das Altern
Authors: Köppel Maximilian , Hamacher Dennis 
Published: July 2019

ZusammenfassungMit der steigenden Lebenserwartung und dem demografischen Wandel ist auch ein
Panoramawandel in der Gesundheitslandschaft zu verzeichnen. Diese äußert sich in
einem Anstieg der Prävalenz von altersassoziierten Erkrankungen, aber auch von
Multimorbidität. Körperliche Aktivität im Allgemeinen, aber auch körperliches
Training im Speziellen stellt hierbei ein immens wichtiger protektiver Faktor
dar, welcher auch die Selbstständigkeit und körperliche wie geistige Funktion im
höheren Alter sichert. In der vorliegenden Übersichtsarbeit wird ein Einblick in
die verschiedenen Wirkbereiche von körperlicher Aktivität mit Blick auf die
älter werdende Gesellschaft gegeben.
Eliciting and Exploiting Utility Coefficients in an Integrated Environment for Shared Decision-Making
Authors: Salvi Elisa , Parimbelli Enea , Quaglini Silvana , Sacchi Lucia 
Published: July 2019

Background In shared decision-making, a key step is quantifying the patient's preferences in relation to all the possible outcomes of the compared clinical options. According to utility theory, this can be done by eliciting utility coefficients (UCs) from the patient. The obtained UCs are then used in decision models (e.g., decision trees). The elicitation process involves the choice of one or more elicitation methods, which is not easy for decision-makers who are unfamiliar with the theoretical framework. Moreover, to our knowledge there are no tools that integrate functionalities for UC elicitation with functionalities to run decision models that include the elicited values.
Objectives The first aim of this work is to provide decision support to the clinicians for the selection of the elicitation method. The second aim is to bridge the gap between UC elicitation and the exploitation of those UCs in shared decision-making.
Methods Based on evidence from the utility theory literature, we developed a set of production rules that recommend the optimal elicitation method(s) according to the patient's profile and health state. We then complemented this decision support tool with a functionality for quantifying and running decision trees defined through the commercial software TreeAge.
Results The result is an integrated framework for shared decision-making. Given the primary aim of this work, we focus for result evaluation on the elicitation tool. It was tested on 51 volunteers, who expressed UCs for four purposely selected health states. The insights on the collected UCs validated the rules included in the decision support system. The usability of the tool was assessed through the System Usability Scale, obtaining positive results.
Conclusion We developed an integrated environment to facilitate shared decision-making in the clinical practice. The next step is the validation of the entire framework and its use besides shared decision-making. As a matter of fact, it may also be exploited to target cost-utility analysis to a specific patient population.
Interpersonal rhetoric of attitude in news
Authors: Bahmani Mona , Alharbi Ahlam 
Published: July 2019

AbstractDrawing on principles of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) and Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) the proposed study examined and compared the attitudinal positioning of both CNN and Al-Jazeera English (AJE) concerning Iran’s Nuclear Program (INP). The paper has employed theappraisalframework (Martin & White 2005) to reveal the different subtypes ofattitude, i.e.,affect,judgment, andappreciation, which have been encoded in the selected news items. It has been found that AJE discourse is highly evaluated. AJE has appraised INP positively; yet, it has evaluated Iran (apart from INP) and the US negatively. Unlike CNN, it is very obvious that AJE has various agendas. To achieve its goals, AJE has employedjudgmentmore than the other subsystems ofattitude. This is not surprising, given that the function ofjudgmentis to judge people and their actions rather than things. This may explain why AJE news coverage is biased. On the other hand, although CNN relies heavily onappreciation, its coverage is biased as well. Indirectly through appreciating INP as being a nuclear weapons program, CNN has tried to invoke readers’ judgment of Iran. In addition, CNN has highlighted aspects of their opposition towards Iran such as unity, unification, consensus, etc, through the use of (+sec). Unlike AJE, CNN has one agenda and they achieved it through appraising the “self” positively and the “other”, i.e., Iran negatively.
Antioxidant activity of phenylethanoid glycosides on glutamate-induced neurotoxicity
Authors: Ji Shi-Liang , Cao Ke-Ke , Zhao Xing-Xing , Kang Nai-Xin , Zhang Ying , Xu Qiong-Ming , Yang Shi-Lin , Liu Yan-Li , Wang Cheng 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
Exposure of PC12 cells to 10 mM glutamate caused significant viability loss, cell apoptosis, decreased activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) as well as increased levels of malondialdehyde (MDA). In parallel, glutamate significantly increased the intracellular levels of ROS and intracellular calcium. However, pretreatment of the cells with acteoside and isoacteoside significantly suppressed glutamate-induced cellular events. Moreover, acteoside and isoacteoside reduced the glutamate-induced increase of caspase-3 activity and also ameliorated the glutamate-induced Bcl-2/Bax ratio reduction in PC12 cells. Furthermore, acteoside and isoacteoside significantly inhibited glutamate-induced DNA damage. In the mouse model, acteoside significantly attenuated cognitive deficits in the Y maze test and attenuated neuronal damage of the hippocampal CA1 regions induced by glutamate. These data indicated that acteoside and isoacteoside play neuroprotective effects through anti-oxidative stress, anti-apoptosis, and maintenance of steady intracellular calcium.
Multiple components of feather microstructure contribute to structural plumage colour diversity in fairy-wrens
Authors: Fan Marie , D’alba Liliana , Shawkey Matthew D , Peters Anne , Delhey Kaspar 
Published: July 2019

AbstractClosely related species often differ in coloration. Understanding the mechanistic bases of such differences can reveal whether evolutionary changes in colour are driven by single key mechanisms or changes in multiple pathways. Non-iridescent structural plumage colours in birds are a good model in which to test these questions. These colours result from light absorption by pigments, light scattering by the medullary spongy layer (a nanostructure found within barbs) and contributions from other structural elements. Fairy-wrens (Malurus spp.) are a small clade of closely related birds that display a large diversity of ornamental structural colours. Using spectrometry, electron microscopy and Fourier analysis, we show that 30 structural colours, varying from ultraviolet to blue and purple, share a similar barb morphology. Despite this similarity, we find that at the microscopic scale, variation across multiple structural elements, including the size and density of the keratin cortex, spongy layer and melanin, explains colour diversity. These independent axes of morphological variation together account for sizeable amounts of structural colour variability (R2 = 0.21–0.65). The coexistence of many independent, evolutionarily labile mechanisms that generate colour variation suggests that the diversity of structural colours in this clade could be mediated by many independent genetic and environmental factors.
Ecological niche modelling and genetic diversity of Anomochloa marantoidea (Poaceae): filling the gaps for conservation in the earliest-diverging grass subfamily
Authors: Vieira João P Silva , Schnadelbach Alessandra S , Hughes Frederic Mendes , Jardim Jomar G , Clark Lynn G , De Oliveira R Patrícia 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAnomochlooideae (Poaceae) represent the earliest-diverging extant lineage of grasses. One of the two genera is the monotypic Anomochloa, which is extremely rare and restricted to the Atlantic Forest of southern Bahia state in Brazil, where only two natural populations have been recorded to date. Knowledge of A. marantoidea is considered crucial to understanding evolutionary and diversification patterns in Poaceae. Despite this, knowledge of the biology and distribution of A. marantoidea remain incomplete, and thus the conservation of this poorly known species is problematic. We used niche modelling to estimate its current distribution and assess potential ranges in situ to explore new occurrences. In addition, genetic diversity and the factors that disrupt gene flow between populations of this species were estimated using molecular markers. Two new populations were documented; the modelled ecological niche indicates high climatic restriction, but also revealed suitable sites for the establishment of new populations. Genetic diversity is correlated to population size, and genetic structure analysis suggests recent fragmentation and low gene flow among the remaining populations, which exhibit high levels of inbreeding. These levels also indicate the capacity of A. marantoidea to respond favourably to selection and, thus, that a conservation plan could be designed to maintain the current genetic diversity.