bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electromagnetic Emission from Impact‐Loaded Polycrystalline A2B6 Materials
Authors: Chmel Alexandre , Dunaev Anatolij , Shcherbakov Igor 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe electromagnetic emission (EME) from deformed ionic single crystals occurs due to the motion of charged dislocations. Observations of the EME from polycrystalline ductile materials have never been reported. Meanwhile, the boundaries between crystallites play the role of the natural barriers for sliding dislocations; therefore, one can expect that the character and degree of heterogeneity might affect substantially the manifestation of the EME excitation. This study presents results of the observation of the EME excited by the impact loading of ductile ionic‐covalent A2B6 ceramics. Continuous emission in the range of 10–100 kHz manifests itself in ZnS, ZnSe, and ZnTe compounds. This low‐frequency EME is supplemented with sporadic peaks emitted in the megahertz range. The continuous EME is ascribed by the motion of dislocations in crystallites, while the discrete high‐frequency emission is suggested to be due to discharges between edges of cracks nucleated at the final stage of the damage formation. The intercomparison of the EME time sweeps with the records of the mechanoluminescence and acoustic emission detected in parallel with the EME shows that the primary plastic deformation in the polycrystalline A2B6 compounds is followed by the accumulation of microcracks.
Flux Synthesis, Monoclinic Structure, and Luminescence of Europium(III)‐Doped K3La(PO4)2
Authors: Terebilenko Kateryna V. , Kyselov Dmitryi V. , Baumer Vyacheslav N. , Slobodyanik Mykola S. , Petrenko Olga V. , Khomenko Olena V. , Dotsenko Volodymir P. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractSingle crystals of potassium lanthanum orthophosphate are prepared from high‐temperature melts containing potassium molybdate as a flux and structurally investigated by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. The framework is shown to be constructed from isolated LaO7 monocapped prisms and PO4 tetrahedra through corner‐ and edge‐sharing giving rise to 2D sheets with composition [La(PO4)2]3−. Three types of potassium cations reside between these layers. For the solid solutions K3La1−xEux(PO4)2 (x = 0.1–0.9) prepared by the solid‐state route, the excitation and emission luminescence spectra are studied at room temperature. The emission spectra exhibit strong reddish performance, which is due to the 5D0→7FJ transitions of Eu3+ ions. The correlation between the structure and the photoluminescent properties of the phosphors is studied. The energy transfer and concentration quenching of the phosphors are discussed. Solid solutions K3La1−xEux(PO4)2 have a potential application for white‐light‐emitting diodes.
SamplEase: a simple application for collection and organization of biological specimen data in the field
Authors: Alhaddad Hasan , Alhajeri Bader H. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractCareful collection and organization of biological specimens and their associated data are at the core of field research (e.g., ecology, genetics). Fieldwork data are often collected by handwriting or unsystematically via an electronic device (e.g., laptop), a process that is time‐intensive, disorganized, and may lead to transcription errors, as data are copied to a more permanent repository. SamplEase is an iOS and Android application that is designed to ease the process of collecting biological specimen data in the field (data associated with biological samples, such as location, age, and sex). In addition to biological specimen data, SamplEase allows for the assignment of photographs to each collected sample, which provides visual records of each specimen in its environment. SamplEase outputs biological specimen data in a tabular format, facilitating subsequent analyses and dissemination. Despite the simplicity of SamplEase, no similar data management application is readily available for researchers.
Body uneasiness is associated with food addiction symptoms: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Imperatori Claudio , Innamorati Marco , Lamis Dorian A. , Farina Benedetto , Fabbricatore Mariantonietta , Contardi Anna 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe main aim of the present study was to investigate the association between food addiction (FA) symptoms and body uneasiness in a nonclinical sample, while controlling for potential confounding variables. Participants (N = 395; 123 men) were administered self‐report measures assessing FA, binge eating severity, body uneasiness, depressive symptoms, emotion dysregulation and socio‐demographic variables. Body uneasiness was independently associated with FA symptoms (standardized beta coefficients ranging between 0.41 [p < 0.001] and 0.22 [p < 0.001]), even when controlling for the presence of other variables. This finding suggests that body uneasiness may be a crucial symptom in the development and/or maintenance of FA symptoms.
Clinical outcomes of postpartum intrauterine devices inserted by midwives in Tanzania
Authors: Muganyizi Projestine S. , Kimario Grasiana , Ponsian Patrick , Howard Kate , Sethi Maya , Makins Anita 
Published: September 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the rate of complications following immediate postpartum insertion of intrauterine devices (IUDs) by trained midwives in Tanzania.MethodsA prospective cohort study of women who underwent immediate postpartum IUD (PPIUD) insertions provided by midwives between December 31, 2016 and October 15, 2017. Midwives received standardized training via the FIGO initiative. Women who returned 6 weeks after delivery were evaluated for complications. Outcomes of interest were uterine infection, IUD expulsion, medical removal of IUD, and method discontinuation.ResultsThere were 40 470 deliveries, 2347 (5.8%) PPIUD insertions, and 1013 (43.2%) women with a PPIUD who returned for a follow‐up visit in the program‐affiliated clinics. Midwives were providers in 596 (58.8%) of these follow‐up cases and clinicians in 417 (41.2%) cases. All PPIUD insertions by midwives were transvaginal and among them 43 (7.2%) had PPIUD‐related complications by the end of sixth week. These complications included 16 (2.7%) cases of uterine infection, 14 (2.3%) IUD expulsions, 26 (4.4%) IUD removals, and 33 (5.5%) with overall method discontinuation. Only one case had uterine infection severe enough to warrant hospitalization.ConclusionPPIUD insertion by trained midwives in Tanzania compares favorably with results reported from other settings.
Targeting dipeptidyl peptidase 8 genes inhibits proliferation, migration and invasion by inhibition of cyclin D1 and MMP2MMP9 signal pathway in cervical cancer
Authors: Chen Yurou , Liu Fulin , Wu Kejia , Wu Wanrong , Wu Hanshu , Zhang Wei 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackgroundDPP8 is a member of the dipeptidyl peptidase IV family, which belongs to the S9b protease subfamily. It regulates cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion during cancer progression.MethodsTo investigate the role of DPP8 in cervical cancer, we examined DPP8 levels in cervical cancer tissues and cells. The localization of DPP8 was determined by immunofluorescence staining. Subsequently, SiHa and HeLa cells were treated with small interfering RNA (siRNA)‐DPP8. We used cell cycle analysis, an 5‐ethyl‐2′‐deoxyuridine assay proliferation assay and a cellular apoptosis assay to determine the effect of DPP8 on the proliferation and apoptosis of cervical cancer cells. We used a Transwell assay to assess the number of transfection cancer cells migrating through the matrix. A real‐time polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis were used to analyze the expression of related proteins and to determine the phenotype caused by the depletion or overexpression of DPP8 in cervical cancer cells.ResultsWe observed that DPP8 was highly expressed in cervical cancer tissues and cells. DPP8 expression was observed in the cytosol and in the perinuclear area, as well as in the nuclei of cervical cancer cells. Notably, when cells were treated with siRNA‐DPP8, the expression of BAX increased, and the expression of cyclin D1, Bcl‐2, MMP2 and MMP9 was downregulated. In cervical cancer cell lines, silencing the expression of DPP8 not only suppressed the proliferation, migration and invasion of the cervical cancer cells, but also promoted cervical cancer cell apoptosis.ConclusionsThe data obtained in the present study reveal that DPP8 promotes the progression of cervical cancer.
New salicylic acid and pyroglutamic acid conjugated derivatives confer protection to bread wheat against Zymoseptoria tritici
Authors: Mejri Samara , Siah Ali , Abuhaie Cristina‐Maria , Halama Patrice , Magnin‐Robert Maryline , Randoux Béatrice , Reignault Philippe , Rigo Benoît , Ghinet Alina 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDTo promote sustainable agriculture and healthy food, research that contributes towards a new generation of eco‐friendly phytosanitary compounds is increasingly encouraged. The plant hormone salicylic acid (SA) is known for its ability to induce resistance in plants against a wide range of pathogens, whereas pyroglutamic acid (PGA), a constrained analogue of γ‐aminobutyric acid, has never been studied in the context of plant protection.RESULTSThe present study investigated for the first time the protection efficacy of SA and PGA and five new conjugated derivatives against Zymoseptoria tritici, the main pathogen in wheat crops. SA and four derivatives showed significant disease severity reductions in planta (up to 49%). In vitro assays revealed that some molecules, including SA, displayed a small direct antifungal activity, whereas others, such as PGA, showed no effect. This finding suggests that, especially for molecules without any direct activity, the mode of action relies mainly on the induction of plant resistance.CONCLUSIONFurther investigations are needed to identify the defence pathways involved in plant resistance mechanisms elicited or primed by the molecules. The manufacture of these products was easily achieved on a scale of tens of grams of raw materials, and is easily scalable. The synthetic pathway is simple, short and inexpensive. For all of these reasons, the production of the target molecules is attractive for producers, whereas the prospect of a generation of non‐polluting compounds with lasting efficiency against Z. tritici in wheat comes at a key moment for the sustainability of agriculture. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Efficacy of administered mesenchymal stem cells in the initiation and co‐ordination of repair processes by resident disc cells in an ovine (Ovis aries) large destabilizing lesion model of experimental disc degeneration
Authors: Shu Cindy C. , Dart Andrew , Bell Robin , Dart Christina , Clarke Elizabeth , Smith Margaret M. , Little Christopher B. , Melrose James 
Published: September 2018

BackgroundForty percent of low back pain cases are due to intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD), with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) a reported treatment. We utilized an ovine IVDD model and intradiscal heterologous MSCs to determine therapeutic efficacy at different stages of IVDD.MethodologyThree nonoperated control (NOC) sheep were used for MSC isolation. In 36 sheep, 6 × 20 mm annular lesions were made at three spinal levels using customized blades/scalpel handles, and IVDD was allowed to develop for 4 weeks in the Early (EA) and late Acute (LA) groups, or 12 weeks in the chronic (EST) group. Lesion IVDs received injections of 10 × 106MSCs or PBS, and after 8 (EA), 22 (LA) or 14 (EST) weeks recuperation the sheep were sacrificed. Longitudinal lateral radiographs were used to determine disc heights. IVD glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and hydroxyproline contents were quantified using established methods. An Instron materials testing machine and customized jigs analyzed IVD (range of motion, neutral zone [NZ] and stiffness) in flexion/extension, lateral bending and axial rotation. qRTPCR gene profiles of key anabolic and catabolic matrix molecules were undertaken. Toluidine blue and hematoxylin and eosin stained IVD sections were histopathologically scoring by two blinded observers.ResultsIVDD significantly reduced disc heights. MSC treatment restored 95% to 100% of disc height, maximally improved NZ and stiffness in flexion/extension and lateral bending in the EST group, restoring GAG levels. With IVDD qRTPCR demonstrated elevated catabolic gene expression (MMP2/3/9/13, ADAMTS4/5) in the PBS IVDs and expession normalization in MSC‐treated IVDs. Histopathology degeneracy scores were close to levels of NOC IVDs in MSC IVDs but IVDD developed in PBS injected IVDs.DiscussionAdministered MSCs produced recovery in degenerate IVDs, restored disc height, composition, biomechanical properties, down regulated MMPs and fibrosis, strongly supporting the efficacy of MSCs for disc repair.
Does grazing cause land degradation? Evidence from the sandy Ferlo in Northern Senegal
Authors: Rasmussen Kjeld , Brandt Martin , Tong Xiaoye , Hiernaux Pierre , Diouf Abdoul Aziz , Assouma Mohamed Habibou , Tucker Compton J. , Fensholt Rasmus 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIt has been widely asserted that a high grazing pressure has led to a reduction in vegetation production at decadal time scales, implying land degradation, in African drylands, and in the Sahel in particular. We test this hypothesis by analyzing spatiotemporal patterns of vegetation production in the northwestern Ferlo in Senegal. Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) patterns, here used to represent vegetation production, were determined on the basis of Earth observation MODIS and PROBA‐V data. Furthermore, woody cover was assessed by very high spatial resolution (VHR) imagery. Because livestock is concentrated around deep wells in the dry season for watering, while for management they concentrate daily around pastoral family settlements or camps all year round, we studied the dependence of NDVI on distance from deep wells and camps. Locations of wells and camps were determined by visual inspection of VHR images. We found that ‘inverse grazing gradients,’ defined as decreasing NDVI/production with increasing distance, dominated both around wells and camps. Further, we found neither decrease nor increase in woody cover with distance to wells. Both positive and negative trends in wet season NDVI over the period 2000–2016 were identified within the study area, yet temporal trends were predominantly positive in proximity to deep wells. Around pastoral camps, positive NDVI trends were generally elevated relative to the regional average. The results question the validity of claims that high grazing pressure causes land degradation at the landscape scale, yet they show that grazing does lead to substantial spatial redistribution of vegetation production.
Ethics and Learning Health Care: The Essential roles of engagement, transparency, and accountability
Authors: Kass Nancy E. , Faden Ruth R. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractExtraordinary innovation in medicine promises vast improvements to the health of individuals and communities. Yet it is a lost opportunity that data from most medical care is never aggregated or analyzed. Even when data are aggregated and analyzed, most of this “learning” is never translated into improved practice. The Learning Health Care System (LHCS) is a response to both of these challenges. Ethically, the LHCS relies on a foundational understanding between patients and their health systems in which patients endorse the use of their data for ongoing learning, and health systems commit to improving care based on what is learned. We have outlined elsewhere a set of seven ethical obligations for Learning Health Care, including the obligation to respect the rights and dignity of patients. In this paper, we suggest that three specific respect‐promoting actions are morally required in a LHCS: engagement with patients about ongoing learning activities, transparency with patients about ongoing learning activities, and accountability in implementing what is learned.
Adipose Tissue Dysfunction Occurs Independently of Obesity in Adipocyte‐Specific Oncostatin Receptor Knockout Mice
Authors: Stephens Jacqueline M. , Bailey Jennifer L. , Hang Hardy , Rittell Victoria , Dietrich Marilyn A. , Mynatt Randall L. , Elks Carrie M. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractObjectiveThis study examined the phenotypic effects of adipocyte‐specific oncostatin M receptor (OSMR) loss in chow‐fed mice.MethodsChow‐fed adipocyte‐specific OSMR knockout (FKO) mice and littermate OSMRfl/fl controls were studied. Tissue weights, insulin sensitivity, adipokine production, and stromal cell immunophenotypes were assessed in epididymal fat (eWAT); serum adipokine production was also assessed. In vitro, adipocytes were treated with oncostatin M, and adipokine gene expression was assessed.ResultsBody weights, fasting blood glucose levels, and eWAT weights did not differ between genotypes. However, the eWAT of OSMRFKO mice was modestly less responsive to insulin stimulation than that of OSMRfl/fl mice. Notably, significant increases in adipokines, including C‐reactive protein, lipocalin 2, intercellular adhesion molecule‐1, and insulinlike growth factor binding protein 6, were observed in the eWAT of OSMRFKO mice. In addition, significant increases in fetuin A and intercellular adhesion molecule‐1 were detected in OSMRFKO serum. Flow cytometry revealed a significant increase in leukocyte number and modest, but not statistically significant, increases in B cells and T cells in the eWAT of OSMRFKO mice.ConclusionsThe chow‐fed OSMRFKO mice exhibited adipose tissue dysfunction and increased proinflammatory adipokine production. These results suggest that intact adipocyte oncostatin M–OSMR signaling is necessary for adipose tissue immune cell homeostasis.
Obesity in Adolescence Predicts Lower Educational Attainment and Income in Adulthood: The Project EAT Longitudinal Study
Authors: French Simone A. , Wall Melanie , Corbeil Thomas , Sherwood Nancy E. , Berge Jerica M. , Neumark‐Sztainer Dianne 
Published: September 2018

AbstractObjectiveProspective associations between obesity in adolescence and adult socioeconomic outcomes, and potential mediators, were examined in a contemporary cohort.MethodsLongitudinal data collected in 1998 to 1999 (Project EAT‐I) and 2015 to 2016 (EAT‐IV) were analyzed for 1,796 participants who provided data at both time points. Adolescents (mean age = 14.8 years) self‐reported demographic and psychosocial variables (EAT‐I) and follow‐up outcomes (EAT‐IV). Body weight and height were directly measured. Bachelor's degree or more education, income ≥ US $50,000, and partnered status at follow‐up were examined by baseline obesity (>95th BMI percentile) using logistic regression. Self‐esteem, depression, and weight‐related teasing were examined as mediators using multivariate probit regressions. All analyses were adjusted for race, baseline age, and parent socioeconomic status.ResultsGirls with obesity were significantly less likely to have achieved a bachelor’s degree (OR 0.32, 95% CI [0.18, 0.58]; P < 0.001), earn ≥ $50,000 annually (OR 0.57, 95% CI [0.33, 0.99]; P < 0.04), or be partnered (OR 0.45, 95% CI [0.27, 0.75]; P < 0.002) in adulthood. No associations were observed among boys. Among girls, depression mediated 8.5% and 23.6% of the association between adolescent obesity and adult education and income, respectively.ConclusionsAdolescent girls with obesity have lower educational attainment and income and are less likely to be partnered in later adulthood. Depression may partly mediate the associations.
Prevalence and sociodemographic factors associated with depression among hospitalized patients with head and neck cancer—Results from a national study
Authors: Rohde Rebecca L. , Adjei Boakye Eric , Challapalli Sai Deepika , Patel Shivam H. , Geneus Christian J. , Tobo Betelihem B. , Simpson Matthew C. , Mohammed Kahee A. , Deshields Teresa , Varvares Mark A. , Osazuwa‐Peters Nosayaba 
Published: September 2018

AbstractObjectiveDepression is a significant problem for patients with head and neck cancer (HNC). This study explored the prevalence of and sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with depression, among patients with HNC.MethodsWe performed a retrospective analysis of 71 541 cases of HNC using a national dataset, the Nationwide Inpatient Sample, from 2008 to 2013. Weighted, multivariate logistic regression analysis estimated association between sociodemographic/clinical factors and tumor anatomical site with diagnosis of a major depressive disorder.ResultsOverall prevalence of major depressive disorder in HNC was 9.3%; highest prevalence was found in patients with laryngeal cancer (28.5%). Compared with laryngeal cancer, there were lower odds of depression among patients with oral cavity cancer (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.90; 95% CI, 0.84‐0.97) and other anatomic sites (aOR = 0.87; 95% CI, 0.81‐0.94), except oropharyngeal cancer (aOR = 1.00; 95% CI, 0.93‐1.08). For every unit increase in comorbidities, odds of depression increased by 20% (aOR = 1.20; 95% CI, 1.19‐1.23). Sociodemographic factors associated with increased odds of depression included being female (aOR = 1.77; 95% CI, 1.68‐1.87), white (aOR = 1.75; 95% CI, 1.59‐1.92), and having Medicaid (aOR = 1.09; 95% CI, 1.01‐1.19) or Medicare insurance (aOR = 1.19; 95% CI, 1.10‐1.27).ConclusionsDepression odds vary depending on HNC anatomic site, and one in four patients with laryngeal cancer may be depressed. Since depression is prevalent in this survivor cohort, it is important that psychosocial assessment and intervention are integrated into mainstream clinical care for patients with HNC.
14,15‐epoxyeicosatrienoic acid produced by cytochrome P450s enhances neurite outgrowth of PC12 and rat hippocampal neuronal cells
Authors: Oguro Ami , Inoue Takumi , Kudoh Suguru N. , Imaoka Susumu 
Published: September 2018

AbstractPolyunsaturated fatty acids, such as arachidonic acid, are accumulated in brain and induce neuronal differentiation. Arachidonic acid is metabolized to epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) and hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETEs) by cytochrome P450s. In this study, we found that 14,15‐EET and 20‐HETE‐enhanced NGF‐induced rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cell neurite outgrowth even at the concentration of 100 nmol L−1. LC‐MS analysis revealed that 14,15‐EET was effectively produced from arachidonic acid by rat CYP2C11, 2C13, and 2C23, and these P450s were expressed in PC12 cells. An inhibitor of these P450s, ketoconazole, inhibited neurite outgrowth, whereas inhibition of soluble epoxide hydrolase, which hydrolyzes EETs to their corresponding diols enhanced neurite outgrowth. To determine the mechanism of neurite formation enhancement by arachidonic acid metabolites, we focused on transient receptor potential (TRP) channels expressed in PC12 cells. The TRPV4 inhibitor HC067047, but not the TRPV1 inhibitor capsazepine, inhibited the effects of 14,15‐EET on neurite outgrowth of PC12. Furthermore, 14,15‐EET increased the cytosolic calcium ion concentration and this increase was inhibited by HC067047. 14,15‐EET also enhanced neurite outgrowth of primary cultured neuron from rat hippocampus. This study suggests that arachidonic acid metabolites produced by P450 contribute to neurite outgrowth through calcium influx.