bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microbiome at sites of gingival recession in children with Hutchinson–Gilford progeria syndrome
Authors: Bassir Seyed Hossein , Chase Isabelle , Paster Bruce J. , Gordon Leslie B. , Kleinman Monica E. , Kieran Mark W. , Kim David M. , Sonis Andrew 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBackgroundHutchinson–Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is a rare premature aging disorder with significant oral and dental abnormalities. Clinical symptoms include various features of accelerated aging such as alopecia, loss of subcutaneous fat, bone abnormalities, and premature cardiovascular disease. In addition, children with HGPS have been observed to suffer from generalized gingival recession. Whether periodontal manifestations associated with this syndrome are the results of changes in the oral flora is unknown. The present study aimed to identify the microbial composition of subgingival sites with gingival recession in children with HGPS.MethodsNine children with HGPS were enrolled in this study. Plaque samples were collected from teeth with gingival recession. DNA samples were analyzed using the Human Oral Microbe Identification Microarray (HOMIM). Microbial profiles from HGPS children were compared with microbial profiles of controls from healthy individuals (n = 9) and patients with periodontal disease (n = 9).ResultsComparison of microbial compositions of HGPS samples with periodontal health samples demonstrated significant differences for two bacterial taxa; Porphyromonas catoniae and Prevotella oulora were present in children with HGPS, but not normal controls. There were statistically significant differences of 20 bacterial taxa between HGPS and periodontal disease groups.ConclusionsTypical periodontal pathogens were not present at sites with gingival recession in HGPS children. The microbial compositions of sites of gingival recession and attachment loss in HGPS were generally more similar to those of periodontal health than periodontal disease. Species other than typical periodontal pathogens may be involved in this recession.
Insulin resistance predicts the risk of gingival/periodontal inflammation
Authors: Andriankaja Oelisoa M. , Muñoz‐Torres Francisco J. , Vivaldi‐Oliver José , Leroux Brian G. , Campos Maribel , Joshipura Kaumudi , Pérez Cynthia M. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractObjectivesEvaluate whether insulin resistance (IR) predicts the risk of oral inflammation, assessed as the number of sites with bleeding on probing (BOP) and number of teeth with probing pocket depths (PPD) ≥ 4 mm and BOP.MethodsData on 870 overweight/obese diabetes free adults, aged 40–65 years from the San Juan Overweight Adults Longitudinal Study over a three‐year period, was analyzed. Baseline IR, assessed using the Homeostasis Model Assessment of IR (HOMA‐IR) index, was divided into tertiles. BOP was assessed at buccal and lingual sites, and PPD at six sites per tooth. Negative binomial regression was used to estimate the risk ratios (RRs) for oral inflammation adjusted for baseline age, gender, smoking status, alcohol intake, education, physical activity, waist circumference, mean plaque index, and baseline number of sites with BOP, or number of teeth with PPD≥4 mm and BOP. The potential impact of tertiles of serum TNF‐α and adiponectin on the IR‐oral inflammation association was also assessed in a subsample of 597 participants.ResultsParticipants in the highest HOMA‐IR tertile at baseline had significantly higher numbers of sites with BOP [RR = 1.19, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03–1.36] and number of teeth with PPD ≥ 4 mm and BOP (RR = 1.39, 95% CI: 1.09–1.78) at follow‐up, compared with individuals in the lower two HOMA‐IR tertiles. Neither TNF‐α nor adiponectin confounded the associations.ConclusionIR significantly predicts gingival/periodontal inflammation in this population.
Periodontal profile class is associated with prevalent diabetes, coronary heart disease, stroke, and systemic markers of C‐reactive protein and interleukin‐6
Authors: Beck James D. , Moss Kevin L. , Morelli Thiago , Offenbacher Steven 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBackgroundThis paper focuses on the Periodontal Profile Class (PPC) System that may be more informative and representative of periodontitis phenotypes than current case definitions of periodontitis. This study illustrates the unique aspects of the PPC compared with other periodontal indices for studying associations between periodontal disease and prevalent systemic conditions.MethodsWe computed odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals to compare associations between periodontal disease and prevalent systemic conditions using our new PPC and two traditional indices. We used the Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) to determine the fit of the model and the magnitude of the contribution attributable to periodontal disease beyond traditional risk factors. The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study (1996–1998) results were compared with results from the combined National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2009–2014 datasets.ResultsIn the ARIC Study, high gingival inflammation, tooth loss, severe tooth loss, and severe disease PPC components were significantly associated with diabetes, coronary heart disease (CHD), high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein, and interleukin (IL)‐6, while only severe disease was associated with stroke. Severe disease was associated with CHD using the Centers for Disease Control/American Academy of Periodontology index, and the European Periodontal index was associated with CHD and IL‐6.ConclusionsThe addition of the PPC to traditional variables associated with prevalent diabetes, stroke, CHD, and systemic measures of inflammation resulted in very strong improvement of the overall models, while the traditional indices were less likely to be associated and, if present, the associations were weaker. The PPC system provides specific insight into the individuals and periodontal characteristics of the phenotype that are associated with systemic conditions that may be useful in designing treatment interventions.
Reduction of infection risk mediated by co‐culturing Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Listeria monocytogenes in refrigerated cooked shrimp
Authors: Niu Ben , Mu Lili , Xiao Lili , Zhang Zhaohuan , Malakar Pradeep K , Liu Haiquan , Pan Yingjie , Zhao Yong 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDVibrio parahaemolyticus and Listeria monocytogenes are seafood pathogens of public health significance, and predictive models are effective tools for quantitative microbial risk assessment of these pathogens. However, most current predictive models are based on growth of single strains in broth cultures, and interactions of two or more bacteria in a food matrix can skew the outcomes of the predictions. Therefore, the impact of V. parahaemolyticus and L. monocytogenes when co‐cultured and in monoculture on cooked shrimp in cold storage was investigated.RESULTSThe results indicated that L. monocytogenes co‐cultured with V. parahaemolyticus exhibited reduced growth and longer lag phase at 4 °C and 10 °C. V. parahaemolyticus exhibited similar behavior when co‐cultured with L. monocytogenes at 4 °C (death rate K = − 0.67 log10 CFU g−1 day . The death rate K at 10 °C when V. parahaemolyticus co‐cultured with L. monocytogenes was −1.62 log10 CFU g−1 day−1. There was no significant reduction of growth in monoculture experiments.CONCLUSIONThis study has revealed that interaction of V. parahaemolyticus and L. monocytogenes should be considered when quantifying risks posed by these pathogens during consumption of seafood products. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Conversion of Polysaccharides to Sugar Alcohols: A Modeling Approach Based on Oligosaccharides
Authors: Negahdar Leila , C. Hausoul Peter J. , Sibirtsev Stephan , Palkovits Stefan , Palkovits Regina 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACTWe extend our former kinetic and experimental study of hydrogenolysis of di‐ and trisaccharides using Ru/C in combination with a molecular acid as a catalyst system, to longer oligosaccharides up to heptasaccharide. The extended kinetics, despite the considerably more complex reaction network, reconfirms our previous hypothesis that reactions of oligosaccharides proceed through two competing reaction pathways, namely hydrolysis of oligosaccharides and their hydrogenation to a reduced form. This challenges the widely accepted supposition that conversion of polysaccharides to sorbitol passes consecutively through hydrolysis to monosaccharides followed by hydrogenation to sorbitol. This works also sets forth the hypothesis that hydrogenation of long‐chain oligosaccharides increases the rate of hydrolysis to a considerable extent and presents a significant alternative pathway in sorbitol formation.
Urinary Excretion of Niacin Metabolites in Humans After Coffee Consumption
Authors: Kremer Jonathan Isaak , Gömpel Katharina , Bakuradze Tamara , Eisenbrand Gerhard , Richling Elke 
Published: February 2018

ScopeCoffee is a major natural source of niacin in the human diet, as it is formed during coffee roasting from the alkaloid trigonelline. The intention of our study was to monitor the urinary excretion of niacin metabolites after coffee consumption under controlled diet.Methods and resultsWe performed a 4‐day human intervention study on the excretion of major niacin metabolites in the urine of volunteers after ingestion of 500 mL regular coffee containing 34.8 μmol nicotinic acid (NA) and 0.58 μmol nicotinamide (NAM). In addition to NA and NAM, the metabolites N1‐methylnicotinamide (NMNAM), N1‐methyl‐2‐pyridone‐5‐carboxamide (2‐Py), and nicotinuric acid (NUA) were identified and quantified in the collected urine samples by stable isotope dilution analysis (SIVA) using HPLC‐ESI‐MS/MS. Rapid urinary excretion was observed for the main metabolites (NA, NAM, NMNAM, and 2‐Py), with tmax values within the first hour after ingestion. NUA appeared in traces even more rapidly. In sum, 972 nmol h−1 of NA, NAM, NMNAM, and 2‐Py were excreted within 12 h after coffee consumption, corresponding to 6% of the ingested NA and NAM.ConclusionThe results indicate regular coffee consumption to be a source of niacin in human diet.
GPCR6A Is a Molecular Target for the Natural Products Gallate and EGCG in Green Tea
Authors: Pi Min , Kapoor Karan , Ye Ruisong , Smith Jeremy C. , Baudry Jerome , Quarles Leigh D. 
Published: February 2018

ScopeThe molecular mechanisms whereby gallates in green tea exert metabolic effects are poorly understood.Methods and resultsWe found that GPRC6A, a multi‐ligand‐sensing G‐protein‐coupled receptor that regulates energy metabolism, sex hormone production, and prostate cancer progression, is a target for gallates. Sodium gallate (SG), gallic acid (GA) > ethyl gallate (EG) > octyl gallate (OG) dose dependently activated ERK in HEK‐293 cells transfected with GPRC6A but not in non‐transfected controls. SG also stimulated insulin secretion in β‐cells isolated from wild‐type mice similar to the endogenous GPRC6A ligands, osteocalcin (Ocn) and testosterone (T). Side‐chain additions to create OG resulted in loss of GPRC6A agonist activity. Another component of green tea, epigallocatechin 3‐gallate (EGCG), dose‐dependently inhibited Ocn activation of GPRC6A in HEK‐293 cells transfected with GPRC6A and blocked the effect of Ocn in stimulating glucose production in CH10T1/2 cells. Using structural models of the venus fly trap (VFT) and 7‐transmembrane (7‐TM) domains of GPRC6A, calculations suggest that l‐amino acids and GA bind to the VFT, whereas EGCG is calculated to bind to sites in both the VFT and 7‐TM.ConclusionGA and EGCG have offsetting agonist and antagonist effects on GPRC6A that may account for the variable metabolic effect of green tea consumption.
Image guidance doses delivered during radiotherapy: Quantification, management, and reduction: Report of the AAPM Therapy Physics Committee Task Group 180
Authors: Ding George X. , Alaei Parham , Curran Bruce , Flynn Ryan , Gossman Michael , Mackie T. Rock , Miften Moyed , Morin Richard , Xu X. George , Zhu Timothy C. 
Published: February 2018

BackgroundWith radiotherapy having entered the era of image guidance, or image‐guided radiation therapy (IGRT), imaging procedures are routinely performed for patient positioning and target localization. The imaging dose delivered may result in excessive dose to sensitive organs and potentially increase the chance of secondary cancers and, therefore, needs to be managed.AimsThis task group was charged with: a) providing an overview on imaging dose, including megavoltage electronic portal imaging (MV EPI), kilovoltage digital radiography (kV DR), Tomotherapy MV‐CT, megavoltage cone‐beam CT (MV‐CBCT) and kilovoltage cone‐beam CT (kV‐CBCT), and b) providing general guidelines for commissioning dose calculation methods and managing imaging dose to patients.Materials & MethodsWe briefly review the dose to radiotherapy (RT) patients resulting from different image guidance procedures and list typical organ doses resulting from MV and kV image acquisition procedures.ResultsWe provide recommendations for managing the imaging dose, including different methods for its calculation, and techniques for reducing it. The recommended threshold beyond which imaging dose should be considered in the treatment planning process is 5% of the therapeutic target dose.DiscussionAlthough the imaging dose resulting from current kV acquisition procedures is generally below this threshold, the ALARA principle should always be applied in practice. Medical physicists should make radiation oncologists aware of the imaging doses delivered to patients under their care.ConclusionBalancing ALARA with the requirement for effective target localization requires that imaging dose be managed based on the consideration of weighing risks and benefits to the patient.
Correlating serum micrornas and clinical parameters in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Raheja Radhika , Regev Keren , Healy Brian C. , Mazzola Maria Antonietta , Beynon Vanessa , Von Glehn Felipe , Paul Anu , Diaz‐Cruz Camilo , Gholipour Taha , Glanz Bonnie I. , Kivisakk Pia , Chitnis Tanuja , Weiner Howard L. , Berry James D. , Gandhi Roopali 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a debilitating neurologic disorder with poor survival rates and no clear biomarkers for disease diagnosis and prognosis. Methods: We compared serum microRNA (miRNA) expression from patients with ALS with healthy controls and patients with multiple sclerosis and Alzheimer disease. We also correlated miRNA expression in cross‐sectional and longitudinal cohorts of ALS patients with clinical parameters. Results: We identified 7 miRNAs (miR‐192‐5p, miR‐192‐3p, miR‐1, miR‐133a‐3p, miR‐133b, miR‐144‐5p, miR‐19a‐3p) that were upregulated and 6 miRNAs (miR‐320c, miR‐320a, let‐7d‐3p, miR‐425‐5p, miR‐320b, miR‐139‐5p) that were downregulated in patients with ALS compared with healthy controls, patients with Alzheimer disease, and patients with multiple sclerosis. Changes in 4 miRNAs (miR‐136‐3p, miR‐30b‐5p, miR‐331‐3p, miR‐496) correlated positively and change in 1 miRNA (miR‐2110) correlated negatively with changes in clinical parameters in longitudinal analysis. Discussion: Our findings identified serum miRNAs that can serve as biomarkers for ALS diagnosis and progression. Muscle Nerve 58: 261–269, 2018
Brachial plexitis or neuritis? MRI features of lesion distribution in Parsonage–Turner syndrome
Authors: Sneag Darryl B. , Rancy Schneider K. , Wolfe Scott W. , Lee Susan C. , Kalia Vivek , Lee Steve K. , Feinberg Joseph H. 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACTIntroduction: This study seeks to characterize lesion distribution in Parsonage–Turner Syndrome (PTS) using high‐resolution MRI. Methods: MRIs of 27 patients with clinically confirmed PTS were reviewed. Two radiologists independently evaluated the brachial plexus proper, side and terminal plexus branches, and more distal, upper extremity nerves. Results: All patients had at least 1 clinically involved nerve. MRI revealed that the plexus appeared normal in 24 of 27 patients; in 3 other patients, signal hyperintensity was seen immediately proximal to the take‐off of abnormal side or terminal branch nerves. Focal intrinsic constrictions were detected in 32 of 38 nerves. MRI interobserver agreement was high (Cohen's κ = 0.839). Discussion: MRI findings, corroborated by electrodiagnostic testing, localized abnormalities to plexus branches and peripheral nerves, suggesting that PTS is characterized by 1 or more mononeuropathies rather than changes involving a portion of or the complete plexus proper. These results may improve diagnosis, prognostication, and management. Muscle Nerve 58: 359–366, 2018
Prospective randomized study evaluating ultrasound versus fluoroscopy guided sacral InterStim® lead placement: A pilot study
Authors: Shakuri‐Rad Jaschar , Cicic Arman , Thompson Jannah 
Published: February 2018

ObjectiveTo investigate the use of intraoperative ultrasound during stage I InterStim® sacral lead placement.MethodsA total of 40 patients were randomly assigned to undergo InterStim® lead placement utilizing fluoroscopy or ultrasound guidance. Patients were blinded for the duration of the study. The surgeon and staff were blinded until after induction of anesthesia. Patients met criteria for refractory overactive bladder, fecal incontinence, or both. The ICIQ‐OABqol, OABSS, and FIQL validated questionnaires were used pre‐ and post‐operatively. Primary endpoint was total fluoroscopy time. Secondary endpoints were total radiation exposure and total number of foramen needle skin punctures.ResultsForty patients were enrolled, twenty in the ultrasound and twenty in the fluoroscopy only arm. Mean age was 60 (SD = 14.4) and mean BMI 32 (SD = 7.2). Twenty‐seven patients (67.5%) had urinary symptoms, four (10%) fecal incontinence, and nine (22.5%) had mixed symptoms. Radiation exposure time was reduced by 70.5 s (P = 0.002), radiation exposure was decreased by 42.3 mGy (P = 0.017), and the number of needle skin punctures decreased by 3.6 (P = 0.035) with use of ultrasound. Mean OR time in minutes was 55.5 in ultrasound and 58.2 in fluoroscopy group (P = 0.53). There were no statistically significant differences in questionnaire scores between groups.ConclusionUltrasound guided placement of foramen needle during Stage I sacral neuromodulation results in reduction of radiation exposure to the patient, surgeon, and operating room staff. Further studies are necessary to determine the learning curve and efficacy of this technique.
Synthetic mid‐urethral sling complications: Evolution of presenting symptoms over time
Authors: Wang Connie , Christie Alana L. , Zimmern Philippe E. 
Published: February 2018

IntroductionTo study the evolution of type of presenting symptoms after mid‐urethral sling (MUS) placement relative to the interval between placement and subsequent synthetic sling removal (SSR) for complication(s).MethodsAn IRB‐approved, prospectively maintained database of women who underwent SSR was retrospectively reviewed for demographics, interval between MUS placement and SSR, history of chronic pain syndromes and recurrent urinary tract infections (RUTI), anti‐incontinence and prolapse repairs, and MUS‐related symptoms at presentation, including storage dysfunction, voiding dysfunction, RUTI, vaginal pain, non‐vaginal pain, mesh exposure, and urinary incontinence (UI). Comparisons were made between patient groups divided into 2 and 4‐year intervals to test the hypothesis that there would be higher rates of mesh exposure, pain and/or dyspareunia earlier, but higher rates of RUTI and UI in later groups.ResultsBetween 2005‐2017, 278/435 women met study criteria. Overall, mean number of presenting symptoms per patient was 3.8 ± 1.4 and increased significantly in relation to time since MUS placement (P < 0.01). There was a significant difference between number of patients presenting with RUTI (P = 0.01), vaginal pain (P = 0.03), and UI (P = 0.03) between the 2‐year groups and a significant difference between number of patients presenting with RUTI (P < 0.01), non‐vaginal pain (P = 0.01) and vaginal pain (P = 0.05) between the 4‐year groups.ConclusionsIn our tertiary care center, women with MUS‐related complications presented with multiple symptoms that increased in number over time, with a higher rate of pain complaints in earlier groups but a higher rate of RUTI and UI in later groups.
New Process Chain for the Production of Complex Freeforms
Authors: Bliedtner Jens , Henkel Sebastian , Schwager Anne‐Marie , Götze Kerstin , Gerhardt Martin , Fuhr Michael 
Published: February 2018

AbstractFreeform optics enable completely new solutions in optical design for many different optical applications. Complex optical systems usually need a variety of multiple classic spherical surfaces to fulfill their function. The usage of a freeform surface instead makes it possible to replace some of these spherical surfaces by only one freeform element. Therefore, it is possible to build optical systems that are more compact and lighter than existing ones. However, these new possibilities also lead to new challenges regarding fabrication and assembly of the freeform components. Therefore, an efficient production of such elements needs improvement of existing or development of new manufacturing technologies and process chains. This paper describes a new fabrication approach focused on freeform optics by introducing a process chain consisting of an ultrasonic‐assisted grinding process, an ultrafine grinding method using novel resin bond tools and a CO2 laser polishing process for final surface smoothing.
A laboratory high‐throughput glass chamber using dynamic headspace TD‐GC/MS method for the analysis of whole Brassica napus L. plantlet volatiles under cadmium‐related abiotic stress
Authors: Durenne Bastien , Blondel Alodie , Druart Philippe , Fauconnier Marie‐Laure 
Published: February 2018

AbstractIntroductionThe dynamic headspace sampling technique using thermal desorption, gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (TD‐GC/MS) is a powerful method for analysing plant emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and experiments performed in sterile and controlled conditions can be useful for VOC metabolism investigations.ObjectiveThe main purpose of this study was to set up a laboratory high‐throughput glass chamber for whole plant volatiles analysis. Brassica napus L. plantlets were tested with the developed system to better understand the relationship between low emission of induced terpene and cadmium (Cd)‐related abiotic stress.MethodologyVOCs emitted by 28‐day‐old Brassica napus L. plantlets cultivated in vitro were trapped with our device using adsorbent cartridges that were desorbed with a thermal desorption unit before cryofocusing with a cooled injection system and programmable temperature vaporising inlet into an HP‐5 ms GC column. Terpene detection and quantitation from chromatogram profiles were acquired using selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode during full scan analysis and mass spectra were obtained with a quadrupole‐type mass spectrometer.ResultsThe new trapping method produced reliable qualitative profiles of oilseed rape VOCs. Typical emissions of monoterpenes (myrcene, limonene) and sesquiterpenes (β‐elemene, (E,E)‐α‐farnesene) were found for the different concentrations tested. One‐way analysis of variance for quantitative results of (E,E)‐α‐farnesene emission rates showed a Cd concentration effect.ConclusionThis inexpensive glass chamber has potential for wide application in laboratory sterile approach and replicated research. Moreover, the non‐invasive dynamic sampling technique could also be used to analyse volatiles under both abiotic and biotic stresses.