bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Emotions experienced during the shedding of the first primary tooth
Authors: Patcas Raphael , Daum Moritz M. , van Waes Hubertus J. M. , Beltrani Selina , Pfister Lara T. , Landolt Markus A. 
Published: September 2018

AimTo examine the different emotions expressed by children exfoliating their first primary tooth, evaluate their proportional distribution, and reveal possible influences of child‐ and parent‐related variables on the reported emotions.DesignA cross‐sectional questionnaire was directed to parents of children who had recently shed at least one primary tooth. Primary outcome variables were the child's emotions at the time of exfoliation. Child‐related determinants were sex, duration of tooth wiggle, previous accident‐ or caries‐related visits at dentist, and having witnessed tooth exfoliation in older siblings. Parent‐related determinants included socio‐economic variables (education, religion, country of origin).ResultsOne thousand two hundred and seventy‐four of 3617 questionnaires were returned and analysed (35.2%). 82.0% of the parents reported positive, and 22.0% negative emotions in their child. Previous caries‐related visits at the dentist diminished the likelihood of positive emotions (OR = 0.65), and accident‐related visits increased the odds of positive emotions (OR = 1.57), as did an extended duration of tooth wiggle (OR = 1.98). Higher education of mothers (OR = 2.89) and fathers (OR = 1.96) and an origin from non‐Western countries (OR = 2.56 andOR = 1.85, respectively) were also related to positive emotions.ConclusionsFor most children, losing the first primary tooth is associated with positive emotions. Dental visits and parental factors influence these emotions. Parents and dentists should be aware of their impact on children's emotional development.
Influence of meteorological parameters in the seasonality of influenza viruses circulating in Northern Cameroon
Authors: Munshili Njifon Hermann Landry , Monamele Chavely Gwladys , Kengne Nde Cyprien , Vernet Marie‐Astrid , Bouba Gake , Tchatchouang Serges , Njankouo Mohamadou Ripa , Tapondjou Raphaël , Deweerdt Louis , Mbacham Wilfred , Njouom Richard 
Published: September 2018

BackgroundSeveral studies have demonstrated the role of meteorological parameters in the seasonality of influenza viruses in tropical and subtropical regions, most importantly temperature, humidity, and rainfall.ObjectivesThis study aimed to describe the influence of meteorological parameters in the seasonality of influenza viruses in Northern Cameroon, a region characterized by high temperatures.MethodsThis was a retrospective study performed in Garoua Cameroon from January 2014 to December 2016. Monthly proportions of confirmed influenza cases from six sentinel sites were considered as dependent variables, whereas monthly values of mean temperature, average relative humidity, and accumulated rainfall were considered as independent variables. A vector error correction model was used to determine the relationship between influenza activity and the meteorological variables.Results and conclusionAnalysis showed that there was a statistically significant association between overall influenza activity and influenza A activity with respect to average relative humidity. A unit increase in humidity within a given month leads to more than 85% rise in the overall influenza and influenza A activity 2 months later. Meanwhile, none of the three meteorological variables could explain influenza B activity. This observation is essential in filling the gap of knowledge and could help in the prevention and control strategies to strengthen influenza surveillance program in Cameroon.
Gonad characterization and reproductive seasonality in Siphonaria lessonii (Gastropoda: Heterobranchia) from the southwestern Atlantic Ocean
Authors: Knack de Almeida Henrique , Giménez Juliana 
Published: September 2018

AbstractHistological characterization of the hermaphroditic gonad (HG) and seasonality of gametogenesis were investigated in a population of Siphonaria lessonii from the coast of Buenos Aires Province (37°16′S, 56°58′W). Monthly analysis of the frequency of gametogenic stages, as well as the number and mean size of oocytes, were used to determine reproductive events over a 2‐year period (June 2012–May 2014). Female and male gametes were observed simultaneously within acini of adult individuals and continuously throughout the period studied. Oogenesis commenced in the beginning of austral autumn, with gonads characterized mainly by proliferation of female cells. From this moment, oocytes gradually increased in number and area until spring, when a large number of individuals were found in the evacuation stage. The same trend was observed from early gonad maturation to advanced stages, indicating that gonad development was closely related to the frequency of oocyte stages and to the area (size) of oocytes. Spermatogenesis was also observed as a continuous process throughout the year, although spent acini were more frequent from November until February. Reproductive seasonality and gametogenesis were associated with changes in temperature and day length.
Multiscale toughening of ZrB2‐SiC‐Graphene@ZrB2‐SiC dual composite ceramics
Authors: Cheng Yehong , Lyu Yang , Han Wenbo , Hu Ping , Zhou Shanbao , Zhang Xinghong 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe design of bioinspired architectures is effective for increasing the toughness of ceramic materials. Particularly, a dual composite equiaxial architecture is ideal for fabricating weak interface‐toughened ZrB2‐SiC ceramics with isotropic performance. In this paper, ZrB2‐SiC‐Graphene@ZrB2‐SiC dual composite ceramics were synthesized via an innovative processing technique of granulating‐coating method. ZrB2‐20 vol.% SiC containing 30 vol.% Graphene was selected as weak interface to realize multiscale toughening and improve the thermal shock resistance of ZrB2‐SiC ceramic materials. The incorporation of ZrB2‐SiC‐Graphene weak interface into the ZrB2‐SiC matrix improved the damage tolerance and critical thermal shock temperature difference. The design of equiaxial structures moderated the anisotropy of performance in different planes. The graphene sheets incorporated in the ZrB2‐SiC‐Graphene interface phase played a key role in multiscale toughening, including macroscopic toughening of crack deflection and microcracks, and microscopic toughening of graphene bridging and pull‐out.
Pressure‐induced ferroelectric‐relaxor phase transition in (Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3‐based ceramics
Authors: Peng Ping , Nie Hengchang , Guo Weili , Cao Fei , Wang Genshui , Dong Xianlin 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIn this work, the effects of composition, temperature, and poling on the phase transition behavior under hydrostatic pressure of lead‐free (1‐x)[(0.98Bi0.5Na0.5Ti0.995Mn0.005O3‐0.02BiAlO3)]‐xNaNbO3 (BNT‐BA‐xNN) ceramics were investigated. It was found that hydrostatic pressure can induce a phase transformation from ferroelectric (FE) to relaxor (RE). Meanwhile, the FE‐RE phase transition pressure (PFR) tends to decrease as the NN addition increases. Moreover, increasing temperature exhibits a similar effect that is, reducing PFR. The reduced PFR were considered to result from the reduced FE stability and increasing proportion of RE phase. However, PFR was obviously enhanced after poling, which can be attributed to the induced FE phase and the formation of macrodomains with application of an electric field. These results will aid in understanding the phase transition behavior of BNT‐based relaxor ferroelectrics for applications under hydrostatic pressure.
Abnormal grain growth in (K, Na)NbO3‐based lead‐free piezoceramic powders
Authors: Thong Hao‐Cheng , Xu Ze , Zhao Chunlin , Lou Lu‐Yao , Chen Shi , Zuo Si‐Qing , Li Jing‐Feng , Wang Ke 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAbnormal grain growth (AGG) is frequently observed in sintered (K, Na)NbO3 (KNN)‐based piezoceramics. However, in the present study, abnormal grain growth was unexpectedly discovered in calcined KNN‐based powders. To explain the phenomenon, three well‐established models that account for the AGG in sintered ceramics were discussed, including (a) liquid‐phase‐assisted grain growth, (b) two‐dimensional nucleation grain growth, and (c) complexion coexistence. However, the AGG in calcined powders was concluded to be none of them, but a consequence of the A‐site compositional inhomogeneity in the K2CO3‐Na2CO3‐Nb2O5 ternary system. Since repeated calcination and ball milling have low efficiency on solving AGG and the accompanied compositional inhomogeneity, abnormal grains were found to coexist with normal grains at a very high calcination temperature, that is, 1000°C. The compositional inhomogeneity is believed to be remaining even after sintering and consequently deteriorate the comprehensive performances, which might be a determinant for the unstable reproduction of KNN‐based piezoceramics.
Polarization switching dynamics and switchable diode effect in hybrid improper ferroelectric Ca3Ti2O7 ceramics
Authors: Tong Bao Y. , Wang Shou Yu , Wong‐Ng Winnie , Zhang Xiongnan , Huang Cong , Zhao Hui , Liu Weifang 
Published: September 2018

AbstractHybrid improper ferroelectric Ca3Ti2O7 (CTO) ceramics were synthesized by a solid‐state reaction method. Their polarization switching currents, dynamic processes of polarization‐switching, and leakage current properties were investigated. It was found that the dynamic polarization curves of CTO ceramics exhibit obvious dependence on the frequency of the driving electric fields. Moreover, CTO ceramics show a switchable diode effect. The underlying mechanism for the observed effects were proposed based on the interplaying between mobile charged defects and bound charges. The charged defects also lead to a decrease in the band gap of the CTO ceramic, as revealed by absorption spectrum analysis.
How a semantic diagram tool influences transaction costs during collaborative problem solving
Authors: Gu Xiaoqing , Cai Huiying 
Published: September 2018

AbstractA semantic diagram tool is proposed in this study in order to structure collaborative problem solving (CPS) based on cognitive load theory (CLT). To investigate its effects on transaction cost and the deepening of user understandings, a comparative quasi‐experiment was designed and conducted with 49 participants from a university in East China. Analysis of group dialogic acts and self‐reported cognitive load showed that a semantic diagram tool can decrease transaction costs during CPS. It can thereby help collaborators invest less effort into those procedural conversations that are necessary for managing social interaction but which do not directly contribute to deepening collaborative learning in the task domain. Data analysis of pretested and posttested domain understanding suggested that learners achieved a greater depth of understanding after CPS supported by the semantic diagram tool. These findings are interpreted in terms of CLT. A semantic diagram tool can release the learner's limited working memory from procedural conversation, creating more working memory capacity for deepening problem understanding. Therefore, this study demonstrates one means whereby a semantic diagram tool functions as a promising technological support to structure CPS.
Para‐perirenal distribution of body fat is associated with reduced glomerular filtration rate regardless of other indices of adiposity in hypertensive patients
Authors: Geraci Giulio , Zammuto Marta Maria , Mattina Alessandro , Zanoli Luca , Geraci Calogero , Granata Antonio , Nardi Emilio , Fatuzzo Pasquale Mario , Cottone Santina , Mulè Giuseppe 
Published: September 2018

Obesity is a well‐known risk factor for the development and progression of chronic kidney disease. Recently, para‐perirenal ultrasonographic fat thickness (PUFT) has shown to correlate with both total and visceral fat better than body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and other indices of obesity. Moreover, a local paracrine and mechanical action of the PUFT on kidney has been described in recent studies. Aim of our study was to assess the relationship between glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and PUFT in comparison with other anthropometric and ultrasonographic indices of adiposity. Two hundred and ninety‐six hypertensive patients were enrolled. PUFT, cutis‐rectis thickness and rectis‐aorta thickness were obtained by ultrasonography. Anthropometric measures of adiposity were also measured. Estimated GFR was calculated using the CKD‐EPI equation. Higher PUFT values were observed in patients with impaired renal function (P < 0.001), whereas no differences in BMI and WC were shown between groups divided by GFR. PUFT significantly correlated with GFR in all patients (r = −0.284; P < 0.001), with no differences in groups divided by sex, diabetes, or BMI. This association held in multivariate analyses also after correction for confounding factors, including other adiposity indices (P < 0.001). When receiver operating characteristic curves were built to detect a eGFR < 60 mL/minutes per 1.73 m2, a PUFT value ≤3.725 cm showed a negative predictive value of 94.0%, with the largest area under the curve (AUC: 0.700) among the variables considered. In conclusion, the relationship between PUFT and GFR seems to be more accurate and less influenced by the bias affecting traditional indices of adiposity.
Morbid obesity and hypertension: The role of perirenal fat
Authors: Ricci Maria Anastasia , Scavizzi Matteo , Ministrini Stefano , De Vuono Stefano , Pucci Giacomo , Lupattelli Graziana 
Published: September 2018

Accumulation of fat in renal sinus and hilum is associated with hypertension development. We evaluated the relationship between perirenal fat and hypertension in a population of morbidly obese patients and the potential variations after sleeve‐gastrectomy. Two hundred and eighty‐four morbidly obese patients were included in the study, and 126 underwent sleeve‐gastrectomy. At baseline and 10‐12 months after surgery, we evaluated anthropometric parameters, blood pressure, glycometabolic, and lipidic assessment, and performed an ultrasonographic evaluation of visceral fat area and perirenal fat thickness. The perirenal fat thickness in hypertensive obese was higher than in nonhypertensive (13.6 ± 4.8 vs 11.6 ± 4.1, P = 0.001). It showed a significant direct correlation with age, waist circumference, BMI, systolic blood pressure (SBP), insulinemia, HOMA‐IR, glycated hemoglobin, and creatinine. The independent predictors (R2 = 0.129) of SBP were perirenal fat thickness (β = 0.160, P = 0.022) and age (β = 0.175, P = 0.011). After surgery, perirenal fat thickness significantly decreased (from 13 ± 4 to 9 ± 4 mm, P <0.001). In the 89 hypertensive obese patients who underwent sleeve‐gastrectomy, we observed a significant decrease in antihypertensive medications needed. Sixteen patients suspended therapy. The perirenal fat thickness in obese patients could be a valuable tool to define the risk of developing hypertension, providing the clinician with an additional parameter to define those who need a more aggressive treatment and could benefit most from bariatric surgery.
Heme oxygenase‐1 induction mediates chemoresistance of breast cancer cells to pharmorubicin by promoting autophagy via PI3K/Akt pathway
Authors: Pei Lei , Kong Yirong , Shao Changfeng , Yue Xiao , Wang Zongling , Zhang Na 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackgroundConcerns about breast cancer had become the most dangerous cancer to women over the world, more and more anti‐cancer agents are developed to treat this malignancy. Pharmorubicin is a cytotoxic drug, widely used in the treatment of breast cancer, but its role is limited because of chemoresistance produced by cells. This study focused on exploring the influence of autophagy on the resistance of pharmorubicin in breast cancer cells.MethodsThe cell survival of breast cancer cells was detected by MTT. The mRNA expression of heme oxygenase‐1 (HO‐1) was tested by qRT‐PCR. The protein expression of HO‐1, autophagic proteins (LC3‐I,LC3‐II and Beclin‐1), PI3K and Akt was detected by Western blot. Cell autophagy was examined by Cyto‐ID Autophagy Detection Kit.ResultsAfter being treated with pharmorubicin, the expression of HO‐1 and autophagy related proteins was significantly enhanced, but the cell survival ratio in the two cell lines decreased. After autophagy was inhibited, HO‐1 expression in two cells was down‐regulated. When pharmorubicin‐resistant cells were transfected with si‐HO‐1, the cell survival decreased and the protein expression of HO‐1, autophagic proteins (LC3‐II/LC3‐I and Beclin‐1) as well as autophagy were all down‐regulated, while in pharmorubicin‐resistant cells transfected with pcDNA3.1‐HO‐1, the results were reverse. When the PI3K or Akt was inhibited, PI3K, p‐Akt, HO‐1, autophagic proteins and autophagy were decreased remarkably.ConclusionIt was proved that HO‐1 induction mediated chemoresistance of pharmorubicin in breast cancer cells by promoting autophagy via PI3K/Akt pathway.
Multispecies biofilms between Listeria monocytogenes and Listeria innocua with resident microbiota isolated from apple juice processing equipment
Authors: Agustín María del Rosario , Brugnoni Lorena 
Published: September 2018

AbstractWhen testing conditions that prevail in fruit juice industry it was found that Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 7644 and a wild strain of Listeria innocua were highly hydrophobic, expressed swimming and twitching, co‐aggregated with yeast cells and produced exopolysaccharide, all characteristics that would favor the adhesive process. In mono‐species biofilms, L. innocua adhered on stainless steel at significantly higher counts than L. monocytogenes achieving values of 6.64 ± 0.01 and 5.80 ± 0.21 log CFU/cm2. In dual species biofilms with resident yeasts, L. innocua cells counts increase significantly in the presence of Candida tropicalis and Candida krusei and decrease significantly in the presence of Rhodotorula mucilaginosa and Candida kefyr. When cocultured with Candida tropicalis, the cell numbers of L. monocytogenes had a significant increase. These results revealed synergic and antagonistic interactions among species.Practical applicationsThe study supports the plausibility that interactions between L. monocytogenes and members of resident microbiota, such as C. tropicalis, C. krusei, C. kefyr, and R. mucilaginosa, might play an important role for the survival and dissemination of L. monocytogenes. Apple juice processing conditions was used as simulation of the real condition in fruit juice processing environment and these results will alert to fruit juice industry to adopt the best cleaning and disinfecting practices against Listeria.
Redox proteomics and amyloid β‐peptide: insights into Alzheimer disease
Authors: Butterfield D. Allan , Boyd‐Kimball Debra 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAlzheimer disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder associated with aging and characterized pathologically by the presence of senile plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, and neurite and synapse loss. Amyloid beta‐peptide (1–42) [Aβ(1–42)], a major component of senile plaques, is neurotoxic and induces oxidative stress in vitro and in vivo. Redox proteomics has been used to identify proteins oxidatively modified by Aβ(1–42) in vitro and in vivo. In this review, we discuss these proteins in the context of those identified to be oxidatively modified in animal models of AD, and human studies including familial AD, pre‐clinical AD (PCAD), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), early AD, late AD, Down syndrome (DS), and DS with AD (DS/AD). These redox proteomics studies indicate that Aβ(1–42)‐mediated oxidative stress occurs early in AD pathogenesis and results in altered antioxidant and cellular detoxification defenses, decreased energy yielding metabolism and mitochondrial dysfunction, excitotoxicity, loss of synaptic plasticity and cell structure, neuroinflammation, impaired protein folding and degradation, and altered signal transduction. Improved access to biomarker imaging and the identification of lifestyle interventions or treatments to reduce Aβ production could be beneficial in preventing or delaying the progression of AD.
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This article is part of the special issue "Proteomics".
Atrioventricular accessory pathways in 89 dogs: Clinical features and outcome after radiofrequency catheter ablation
Authors: Wright Kathy N. , Connor Chad E. , Irvin Holly M. , Knilans Timothy K. , Webber Dawn , Kass Philip H. 
Published: September 2018

BackgroundAtrioventricular accessory pathways (APs) in dogs have been reported rarely. Data regarding clinical presentation and long‐term outcome after radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) are limited.Hypothesis/ObjectivesTo study clinical features, electrophysiologic characteristics, and outcome of RFCA in dogs with APs.AnimalsEighty‐nine dogs presented consecutively for RFCA of APs.MethodsCase series.ResultsLabrador retrievers (47.2% of dogs) and male dogs (67.4% of dogs) were most commonly affected. Labrador retrievers were more likely to be male than non‐Labrador breeds (P = .043). Clinical signs were nonspecific and most commonly included lethargy and gastrointestinal signs. Concealed APs were more prevalent in Labrador retrievers than other breeds (P = .001). Right‐sided APs (91.7%) predominated over left‐sided (8.3%). Tachycardia‐induced cardiomyopathy (TICM) occurred in 46.1% of dogs, with complete resolution or substantial improvement noted on one‐month postablation echocardiograms. Radiofrequency catheter ablation successfully eliminated AP conduction long term in 98.8% of dogs in which it was performed. Complications occurred in 5/89 dogs. Recurrence in 3 dogs was eliminated long term with a second procedure.Clinical Importance/ConclusionsAccessory pathways are challenging to recognize in dogs because of nonspecific clinical signs, frequency of concealed APs that show no evidence of their presence during sinus rhythm, and intermittent occurrence of tachyarrhythmias resulting from APs. Tachycardia‐induced cardiomyopathy commonly occurs with AP‐mediated tachycardias and should be considered in any dog presenting with a dilated cardiomyopathic phenotype because of its good long‐term prognosis with rhythm control. Radiofrequency catheter ablation is a highly effective method for eliminating AP conduction and providing long‐term resolution.