bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multiple‐replica integrity auditing schemes for cloud data storage
Authors: Lin Yangfei , Li Jie , Jia Xiaohua , Ren Kui 
Published: August 2019

SummaryCloud computing has been an essential technology for providing on‐demand computing resources as a service on the Internet. Not only enterprises but also individuals can outsource their data to the cloud without worrying about purchase and maintenance cost. The cloud storage system, however, is not fully trustable. Cloud data integrity auditing is crucial for defending against the security threats of data in the untrusted multicloud environment. Storing multiple replicas is a commonly used strategy for the availability and reliability of critical data. In this paper, we summarize and analyze the state‐of‐the‐art multiple‐replica integrity auditing schemes in cloud data storage. We present the system model and security threats of outsourcing data to the cloud with classification of ongoing developments. We also summarize the existing data integrity auditing schemes for multicloud data storage. The important open issues and potential research directions are addressed.
Image steganalysis based on convolutional neural network and feature selection
Authors: Sun Zhanquan , Li Feng , Huang Huifen , Wang Jian 
Published: August 2019

SummarySteganalysis is to detect whether or not the seemly innocent image hiding message. It is an important research topic in information security. With the development of steganography technology, steganalysis becomes more and more difficult. Some steganalysis methods have been proposed to improve the performance. Most research work concentrates on special steganography information detection and the image steganography features are designed manually. Few research works concentrate on universal steganalysis methods. In this paper, as the first several attempts, a novel image steganalysis method based on deep neural network is proposed. First, image high‐frequency features are extracted with wavelet transformation method because that most image hiding message are high frequency. Second, high‐dimensional image steganography features are extracted with deep neural networks according to the high‐frequency images and informative features combination is selected with a novel feature selection method based on entropy. Then, a parallel SVM model is proposed to build the steganalysis model based on large scale training samples. At last, the efficiency of the proposed method is illustrated through analyzing a practical image steganalysis example.
Formation of large‐scale structures in four‐component dusty plasmas
Authors: Gondal S.M. , Iqbal M. , Saleem F. , Shuaib A. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractA possibility of self‐organization of magnetized four‐component dusty plasmas to double Beltrami (DB) state is explored. It is found that for a specific set of Beltrami parameters, the four‐component dusty plasma self‐organizes to DB state. The DB state characterized by two scale parameters may represent a paramagnetic or diamagnetic field structure. The impact of Beltrami parameters, charge and densities of dust grains on formation of self‐organized structures has also been investigated. This study has potential relevance to the formation of large‐scale structures in astrophysical plasmas.
U2RV: UAV‐assisted reactive routing protocol for VANETs
Authors: Sami Oubbati Omar , Chaib Noureddine , Lakas Abderrahmane , Bitam Salim , Lorenz Pascal 
Published: August 2019

SummaryWhen it comes to keeping the data routing robust and effective in vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs), stable and durable connectivity constitutes the keystone to ensure successful point‐to‐point communication. Since VANETs can comprise all kinds of mobile vehicles moving and changing direction frequently, this may result in frequent link failures and network partitions. Moreover, when VANETs are deployed in a city environment, another problem arises, that is, the existing obstructions (eg, buildings, trees, and hoppers) preventing the line‐of‐sight between vehicles, thus degrading wireless transmissions. Therefore, it is more complicated to design a routing technique that adapts to frequent changes in the topology. In order to settle all these problems, in this work, we design a flooding scheme that automatically reacts at each topology variation while overcoming the present obstacles while exchanging data in ad hoc mode with drones that are commonly called unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Also, the aim of this work is to explore well‐regulated routing paths providing a long lifetime connectivity based on the amount of traffic and the expiration time of each discovered path. A set of experiments is carried out using a simulation, and the outcomes are confronted with similar protocols based on a couple of metrics. The results clearly show that the assistance of UAVs to vehicles is capable of providing high delivery ratios and low delivery delays while efficiently extending the network connectivity.
Hydrogeologic setting overrides any influence of wildfire on pore water dissolved organic carbon concentration and quality at a boreal fen
Authors: Davidson Scott J. , Elmes Matthew C. , Rogers Hayley , van Beest Christine , Petrone Richard , Price Jonathan S. , Strack Maria 
Published: August 2019

AbstractWestern Boreal Canada could experience drier hydrometeorological conditions under future climatic changes, and the drying of nonpermafrost peatlands can lead to higher frequency and extent of wildfires. Despite increasing pressures, our understanding of the impact of fire on dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration and quality across boreal peatlands is not consistent. This study capitalizes on the rare opportunity of having 3 years of prefire and 3 years of postfire DOC data at a treed, moderate‐rich fen in the Western Boreal Plain, northern Alberta, to investigate wildfire effects on peatland DOC dynamics. We investigated whether a wildfire facilitated any changes in the pore water DOC concentration and quality. There was very little impact of the fire directly, with no significant changes in DOC concentrations postfire. We highlight that DOC patterns are more likely to be controlled by local hydrogeological factors than any effect of fire. Fall hydrological conditions and subsequent winter storage processes impose a strong control on DOC concentrations the following year. We suggest that the presence or absence of concrete ground frost in the fen (determined by fall water table position) influences overwinter storage changes, controlling the effect that DOC‐poor snowmelt may have on pore water concentrations. However, an increase in SUVA254 was found 2 years postfire, indicating an increase in aromaticity. These results highlight the need for careful consideration of the local hydrogeologic setting and hydrological regime when predicting and analysing trends in DOC concentrations and quality.
Evaluation of the photovoltaic potential in built environment using spatial data captured by unmanned aerial vehicles
Authors: Zhang Wen , Wong Nyuk Hien , Zhang Yukun , Chen Yuhong , Tong Shanshan , Zheng Zheng , Chen Jiaxuan 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn this paper, a spatial photovoltaic (PV) potential evaluation method based on the combination of aerial photogrammetry and Geographic Information System (GIS) is proposed for PV potential evaluation of built environment (BE). The method can be applied to PV potential evaluation of not only building roofs, but also built environments such as carpark. The point cloud model of the studied field is established by processing images captured by unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV), which are then imported into GIS to estimate the available area for PV installation based on sunlight analysis after offsetting the identified borders of the urban and ecological infrastructures. The PV potential is determined based on the installation configurations of PV modules. With the help of the PVSYST software simulation, the proposed method in this paper is used to evaluate the PV potential of a carpark and a rooftop of a building in Singapore.
A lightweight IPsec‐based energy home area networks
Authors: Azzouz Lamia Ben , Aouini Imen 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe smart grid is a complex architecture that involves several networks to exchange data among smart grid domains. The smart meter communicates with intelligent electronic devices (IEDs) through the home area network (HAN) to improve the energy management inside home. This communication can be vulnerable to significant attacks (eavesdropping, spoofing, replay, etc). In this paper, we propose an adaptive IPsec solution for the energy HAN that considers the constrained computational capacity of the devices and the wide range of IED manufacturer. The goal of the proposed solution is to guarantee confidentiality, authentication, and antireplay in providing end‐user energy efficiency. Simulation experiments are conducted to evaluate the latency and the success rate for HAN low‐latency applications when security is provided by using IPsec. Furthermore, we compare performances of the proposed solution with one of the most supported solution proposed by the ZigBee alliance and called Smart Energy profile.
Practical recommendations to conduct a neuroimaging meta‐analysis for neuropsychiatric disorders
Authors: Tahmasian Masoud , Sepehry Amir A. , Samea Fateme , Khodadadifar Tina , Soltaninejad Zahra , Javaheripour Nooshin , Khazaie Habibolah , Zarei Mojtaba , Eickhoff Simon B. , Eickhoff Claudia R. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractOver the past decades, neuroimaging has become widely used to investigate structural and functional brain abnormality in neuropsychiatric disorders. The results of individual neuroimaging studies, however, are frequently inconsistent due to small and heterogeneous samples, analytical flexibility, and publication bias toward positive findings. To consolidate the emergent findings toward clinically useful insight, meta‐analyses have been developed to integrate the results of studies and identify areas that are consistently involved in pathophysiology of particular neuropsychiatric disorders. However, it should be considered that the results of meta‐analyses could also be divergent due to heterogeneity in search strategy, selection criteria, imaging modalities, behavioral tasks, number of experiments, data organization methods, and statistical analysis with different multiple comparison thresholds. Following an introduction to the problem and the concepts of quantitative summaries of neuroimaging findings, we propose practical recommendations for clinicians and researchers for conducting transparent and methodologically sound neuroimaging meta‐analyses. This should help to consolidate the search for convergent regional brain abnormality in neuropsychiatric disorders.
Visualization of pool boiling heat transfer of magnetic nanofluid
Authors: Zarei Saleh Abad Mostafa , Ebrahimi‐Dehshali Massoud , Bijarchi Mohamad Ali , Shafii Mohammad Behshad , Moosavi Ali 
Published: August 2019

AbstractTo increase heat transfer, ferrofluids have been utilized to study the effective parameters of pool boiling. Changes and possible enhancement of pool boiling heat transfer of magnetic fluids is a function of magnetic field and concentration of nanoparticles. To the best knowledge of the authors, no systematic experiments have been conducted to visualize the phenomena during the boiling of ferrofluids with different concentrations. In this study an experimental investigation has been conducted, by designing and fabricating a novel hele‐shaw vessel with glass sides, to explore via visualizations some details in the pool boiling of ferrofluids. Boiling patterns of ferrofluids at various concentrations have been visualized –both in the presence of a constant magnetic field and without any magnetic field. Pure water tests were performed as a baseline, and the experimental program has been conducted at four different concentrations, namely 30, 40, 50, and 500 ppm. The primary focus of the visualization is to study how different concentration of ferrofluid affects the boiling ebullition cycle through a high‐speed camera. The results showed that in the boiling process of ferrofluids with a low concentration (10 to 50 ppm), the rising bubbles lead to enlarge the active nucleation sites and create cavities. The formation of cavities changes the solid layer of the surface to a porous medium and enhances the wettability of the surface and boiling heat transfer coefficient. In the ferrofluid boiling with high concentration (500 ppm), bubbles rising is hindered by nanoparticles.
Effect of thermophoresis and Brownian motion on the melting heat transfer of a Jeffrey fluid near a stagnation point towards a stretching surface: Buongiorno's model
Authors: Kata Sreelakshmi , Ganganapalli Sarojamma , Kuppalapalle Vajravelu 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis analysis intends to address the coupled effect of phase change heat transfer, thermal radiation, and viscous heating on the MHD flow of an incompressible chemically reactive nanofluid in the vicinity of the stagnation point toward the stretching surface, taking a Jeffrey fluid as the base fluid. Convergent analytical solutions for the nonlinear boundary layer equations are obtained by the successive application of scaling variables and the highly efficacious homotopy analysis method. Error analysis is implemented to endorse the convergence of the solutions. Through parametric examination, influence of various physical parameters occurring in analysis of the profiles of velocity, temperature, and nanoparticle concentration, coefficient of surface drag, rates of mass and heat transfer is explored pictorially. The Deborah number and the melting parameter are found to enhance velocity, and the associated momentum boundary layers are thicker, whereas the magnetic field depreciates the flow rate. Temperature is observed to enhance with the thermophoresis parameter, Prandtl number and Eckert number, whereas a reduction is seen with the thermal radiation parameter and Brownian motion parameter. Nanoparticle concentration is depleted by the chemical reaction parameter, the thermophoresis parameter, and the Lewis number.
Using stable isotopes to quantify water sources for trees and shrubs in a riparian cottonwood ecosystem in flood and drought years
Authors: Flanagan Lawrence B. , Orchard Trina E. , Tremel Tyler N. , Rood Stewart B. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractRiparian cottonwood forests in dry regions of western North America do not typically receive sufficient growing season precipitation to completely support their relatively high transpiration requirements. Water used in transpiration by riparian ecosystems must include alluvial groundwater or water stored in the potentially large reservoir of the unsaturated soil zone. We used the stable oxygen and hydrogen isotope composition of stem xylem water to evaluate water sources used by the dominant riparian cottonwood (Populus spp.) trees and shrubs (Shepherdia argentea and Symphoricarpos occidentalis) in Lethbridge, Alberta, during 3 years of contrasting environmental conditions. Cottonwoods did not exclusively take up alluvial groundwater but made extensive use of water sourced from the unsaturated soil zone. The oxygen and hydrogen isotope compositions of cottonwood stem water did not strongly overlap with those of alluvial groundwater, which were closely associated with the local meteoric water line. Instead, cottonwood stem water δ18O and δ2H values were located below the local meteoric water line, forming a line with a low slope that was indicative of water exposed to evaporative enrichment of heavy isotopes. In addition, cottonwood xylem water isotope compositions had negative values of deuterium excess (d‐excess) and line‐conditioned (deuterium) excess (lc‐excess), both of which provided evidence that water taken up by the cottonwoods had been exposed to fractionation during evaporation. The shrub species had lower values of d‐excess and lc‐excess than had the cottonwood trees due to shallower rooting depths, and the d‐excess values declined during the growing season, as shallow soil water that was taken up by the plants was exposed to increasing, cumulative evaporative enrichment. The apparent differences in functional rooting pattern between cottonwoods and the shrub species, strongly influenced the ratio of net photosynthesis to stomatal conductance (intrinsic water‐use efficiency), as shown by variation among species in the δ13C values of leaf tissue.
Option‐implied information and stock herding
Authors: Voukelatos Nikolaos , Verousis Thanos 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn this paper, we examine if herding behaviour in the equity market can be explained by option‐implied information. Our empirical results confirm the commonly reported absence of herding as a general tendency in the U.S. equity market. However, we find evidence of significant herding behaviour during periods when option‐implied information reflects a pessimistic view about the future prospects of the equity market. More specifically, we find that individual stock returns tend to cluster more closely around the market consensus during days of high implied index volatility, more pronounced negative implied skewness, and higher trading volume in index puts.
Overactivation of the sodium–calcium exchanger and transient receptor potential in anesthesia‐induced malignant hyperthermia
Authors: Zhao Peng , Liu Xiu‐min , Sun Qian‐chuang , Cui Yun‐feng 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMalignant hyperthermia is a pharmacogenetic disorder, which is an uncommon but frequently fatal intricacy of inhalation anesthesia in man. It causes a quick rise in body temperature to highly irreversible levels, which causes death in around three of four cases. The trigger anesthetics cause an anomalous, continued ascent in myoplasmic calcium levels. Possible mechanisms by which continuous release of sodium, calcium from skeletal muscle plasma membrane and sarcoplasmic reticulum stores respectively can produce the profound hyperthermia are discussed.
Localization of keyhole limpet hemocyanin‐like immunoreactivity in the nervous system ofBiomphalaria alexandrina
Authors: Beach Griffin A. , Habib Mohamed R. , El Hiani Yassine , Miller Mark W. , Croll Roger P. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractRecent years have led to increased effort to describe and understand the peripheral nervous system and its influence on central mechanisms and behavior in gastropod molluscs. This study revealed that an antibody raised against keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) cross‐reacts with an antigen(s) found extensively in both the central and the peripheral nervous systems ofBiomphalaria alexandrina. The results revealed KLH‐like immunoreactive (LIR) neurons in the cerebral, pedal, buccal, left pleural, right parietal, and visceral ganglion within the CNS with fibers projecting throughout all the peripheral nerves. Numerous KLH‐LIR peripheral sensory neurons located in the foot, lips, tentacles, mantle, esophagus, and penis exhibited a bipolar morphology with long tortuous dendrites. KLH‐LIR cells were also present in the eye and statocyst, thus suggesting the labeling of multiple sensory modalities/cell types. KLH‐LIR cells did not co‐localize with tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)‐LIR cells, which have previously been described in this and other gastropods. The results thus provide descriptions of thousands of peripheral sensory neurons, not previously described in detail. Future research should seek to pair sensory modalities with peripheral cell type and attempt to further elucidate the nature of KLH‐like reactivity. These findings also emphasize the need for caution when analyzing results obtained through use of antibodies raised against haptens conjugated to carrier proteins, suggesting the need for stringent controls to help limit potential confounds caused by cross‐reactivity. In addition, this study is the first to describe neuronal cross‐reactivity with KLH inBiomphalaria, which could provide a substrate for host‐parasite interactions with a parasitic trematode,Schistosoma.
Extreme rainfall, rainfall erosivity, and hillslope erosion in Australian Alpine region and their future changes
Authors: Zhu Qinggaozi , Yang Xihua , Ji Fei , Liu De Li , Yu Qiang 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe Australian Alpine region is highly vulnerable to extreme climate events such as heavy rainfall and snow falls, these events subsequently impact rainfall erosivity and hillslope erosion in the region. In this study, the relationship between extreme rainfall indices (ERIs) and rainfall erosivity was examined across the Alpine region in New South Wales (NSW) and Australian Capital Territory (ACT) and the surrounding areas including Murray and Murrumbidgee and South East and Tablelands (SET). Rainfall erosivity, hillslope erosion, and their changes were estimated in the future periods using the revised universal soil loss equation and the NSW/ACT Regional Climate Modeling (NARCliM) projections. Results from the study demonstrate a good relationship between ERIs (especially Rx5Day) and rainfall erosivity. The rainfall erosivity and hillslope erosion are projected to increase about 2 and 8% for the near future (2020–2039), further increase to 8 and 18% for the far future (2060–2079) in the Alpine region assuming the groundcover is maintained at the current condition. The change in rainfall erosivity and erosion risk is highly uneven in space and in season with the highest erosion risk in summer with an increase about 33% in the next 50 years. The highest erosion risk area is predicted within SET (maximum rate 19.95 Mg ha−1 year−1), but on average, the ACT has the highest erosion rate, which is above 1.36 Mg ha−1 year−1 in all periods. The snowmelt in spring in the Alpine region is estimated to increase the rainfall erosivity by 13% in the baseline period, up to 24% in the near future, but far less (about 1%) in the far future due to predicted temperature rise and less snow available in the Alpine region in the next 50 years.