bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Smart Nylon Membranes with pH‐Responsive Wettability: High‐Efficiency Separation on Demand for Various Oil/Water Mixtures and Surfactant‐Stabilized Emulsions
Authors: Li Xiangyu , Zhang Qingdong , Zhang Weifeng , Qu Ruixiang , Wei Yen , Feng Lin 
Published: September 2018

AbstractWater contaminated with various oils has become one of the most pervasive environmental issues. Developing an efficient and durable separation membrane is of significance but challenging due to the critical limitations of nonuniversality and discontinuity for oil/water separation. Herein, a material is presented by combining the porous nylon membrane with self‐assembled thiol molecules, exhibiting tunable wettability property upon the pH variation. Such a smart membrane shows high hydrophobicity in nonbasic environment while transition into superhydrophilicity under basic condition, demonstrating a robust and controllable separation performance for various oil/water mixtures and surfactant‐stabilized emulsions along with excellent recyclability of the long‐term separation. This facile and general strategy suggests encouraging the development of the next generation of energy‐saving water treatment systems, applying to intelligent separation and on‐demand oil‐spills cleanup.
Reliable Information Encryption and Digital Display Applications Based on Multistate Smart Windows
Authors: Qiu Meijia , Sun Peng , Zhang Biao , Yu Jianhui , Fu Yong , Yu Xiang , Zhao Chuanxi , Mai Wenjie 
Published: September 2018

AbstractA multistate smart window based on the reversible electrodepositing metal device (REMD) with excellent electrochromic performance is reported. A thiol‐terminated silane modified indium tin oxide (ITO) glass acts as positive electrode and an ITO glass coated by ITO nanoparticles serves as negative electrode. The REMD can exhibit 4 different color states. Its mirror state presents a higher reflectance than the commercial Ag‐based mirror and the transmittance of its transparent state can reach as high as 82.9%. Moreover, the REMD can work steadily without any decline in light‐modulation performance after 1000 cycles. Notably, a reliable information encryption device and a novel digital display are proposed and designed. The REMD will provide broader potential applications in electrochromic smart windows.
Diode Property and Positive Temperature Coefficient of Resistance of Pt/Al2O3/Nb:SrTiO3
Authors: Moon Taehwan , Lee Hyun Jae , Kim Keum Do , Lee Young Hwan , Hyun Seung Dam , Park Hyeon Woo , Lee Yong Bin , Kim Baek Su , Hwang Cheol Seong 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe rectification of the Pt/amorphous Al2O3 (a‐AO)/Nb‐doped SrTiO3 (NSTO) structure with excellent applicability as a selector for crossbar array resistive switching random access memory is introduced. The maximum forward/reverse current ratio exceeds 106, and the nonlinearity is also as high as 106 at room temperature. The barrier height at the a‐AO/NSTO interface is investigated via X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and is found to be 1.57 eV. The expected conduction mechanism is trap‐assisted tunneling in the forward bias condition. The barrier height at the Pt/a‐AO interface is examined by fitting the current–voltage results at various temperatures according to the Fowler–Nordheim transport mechanism, under the reverse bias condition, and it is found to be 2.75 eV. Moreover, the temperature dependence measurement of the current–voltage characteristics exhibits the positive temperature coefficient of resistance (PTCR) effect in reverse bias. This PTCR effect can be understood from the electron trapping of the acceptor‐like states at the a‐AO/NSTO interface with increasing temperature. The involvement of the PTCR effect under the reverse bias condition and the slight increase in the forward current further enhance the diode performance up to 107 at 70 °C, which is the highly promising performance of the present structure.
Unexpectedly Strong Auger Recombination in Halide Perovskites
Authors: Shen Jimmy‐Xuan , Zhang Xie , Das Suvadip , Kioupakis Emmanouil , Van de Walle Chris G. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe emergence of halide perovskites for photovoltaic applications has triggered great interest in these materials for solid‐state light emission. Higher order electron–hole recombination processes can critically affect the efficiency of such devices. In the present work, the Auger recombination coefficients are computed in the prototypical halide perovskite, CH3NH3PbI3 (MAPbI3), using first‐principles calculations. It is demonstrated that Auger recombination is responsible for the exceptionally high third‐order recombination coefficient observed in experiment. The large Auger coefficient is attributed to a coincidental resonance between the bandgap and interband transitions to a complex of higher‐lying conduction bands. Additionally, it is found that the distortions of PbI6 octahedra contribute significantly to the high Auger coefficient, offering potential avenues for materials design.
Microbial Processing to Increase the Nutritional Value of Sorghum Mill Feed (Milo Hominy)
Authors: Zahler Jacob D. , Karki Bishnu , Gibbons William R. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe objective of this study was to utilize fungal bioprocessing to increase the nutritional value of sorghum hominy. Eight fungal strains were screened for their ability to degrade cell wall polysaccharides and concurrently produce microbial biomass protein (MBP). Trichoderma reesei, Rhizopus oligosporus, Neurospora crassa, and Aureobasidium pullulans were the best performing fungi in flask trials, which increased the protein content of sorghum hominy by 53.6%, 48.0%, 47.8%, and 41.47%, respectively, compared to the raw feedstock. A. pullulans and T. reesei were selected for 5 L bioreactor trials, where biomass yields of 73.6 and 65.1 g L−1 were obtained for A. pullulans and T. reesei, respectively. This study showed a potential application of microbial processing to upgrade the sorghum hominy into a high‐protein feed ingredient for animal diets.
Room‐temperature self‐healing and reprocessing of Diselenide‐containing waterborne polyurethanes under visible light
Authors: Fan Wuhou , Jin Yong , Huang Yuhua , Pan Jiezhou , Du Weining , Pu Zongyao 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACTRealizing environmentally friendly polymers that could heal themselves at room temperature is an important challenge for sustainable societies. Herein, environment‐friendly self‐healing waterborne polyurethanes (WPUs) containing diselenide groups were synthesized. The healing efficiency could reach up to more than 90% after exposed to visible light for 48 hours and the fractured location was allowed to be healed repeatedly. Meanwhile, a fast room‐temperature self‐healing could also be achieved in 4 hours with a healing efficiency of ~84%. The healing process was a combination of rapid closure of crack surfaces at the beginning due to the rebuilding of hydrogen bonds and gradual restoration of mechanical property derived from diselenide metathesis across the fractured interface. At the same time, room‐temperature reprocessing could be also achieved with the aid of external pressure under visible light. Moreover, the prepared diselenide‐containing WPUs exhibited excellent emulsion stability. The present work would be hopefully developed into a methodology of design and fabrication of environmentally friendly photo‐sensitive polymers with self‐healing and reprocessing abilities. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47071.
Nitrosylruthenium Complexes as Polymerization Catalysts for Acrylonitrile in DMF
Authors: Nagao Hirotaka , Misawa‐Suzuki Tomoyo , Tomioka Nozomi , Ohno Haruna , Rikukawa Masahiro 
Published: September 2018

AbstractNitrosylruthenium complexes bearing two 2,2′‐bipyridine (bpy) or 2‐pyridinecarboxylate (pyc) ligands, [Ru(NO)X(bpy)2]3+ (X=CH3CN, CH2=CHCN, H2O, Cl, ONO2) and [Ru(NO)(OH2)(pyc)2]+, were used as catalysts for the polymerization of acrylonitrile in N,N‐dimethylformamide (DMF) under air without initiators to obtain polyacrylonitrile (PAN) with a high molecular weight and a narrow molecular weight distribution.
Maternal pre‐pregnancy weight and autistic‐like traits among offspring in the general population
Authors: Varcin Kandice J. , Newnham John P. , Whitehouse Andrew J.O. 
Published: September 2018

There is an emerging body of evidence demonstrating that maternal obesity at the time of conception increases the risk for Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) among offspring. We explored whether pre‐pregnancy weight was related to autistic‐like traits among offspring not diagnosed with ASD. A large sample of women, recruited during the second trimester of pregnancy, had their height measured and reported their pre‐pregnancy weight. These measurements were then converted to a Body Mass Index (BMI) using the formula: (weight in kilograms)/(height in metres2). At 19–20 years of age, 1238 offspring of these women completed a measure of autistic‐like traits, the Autism‐Spectrum Quotient (AQ). Regression analyses identified a positive association between increasing maternal pre‐pregnancy BMI and increasing AQ Total Score amongst offspring; this association was maintained even after controlling for a range of variables including maternal/obstetric factors (age at conception, education, smoking, alcohol consumption, hypertensive diseases, diabetes, threatened abortion), paternal BMI at pregnancy, and child factors (parity, sex) (P < .01, R2=.03). Chi‐square analyses found that women with pre‐pregnancy obesity (BMI ≥ 30) were more likely to have offspring with high scores (≥26) on the AQ (P = .01). Follow‐up binary logistic regression analyses also accounting for the same obstetric and sociodemographic variables found that the offspring of women with pre‐pregnancy obesity were at a statistically significantly increased risk of having high scores (≥26) on the AQ (OR: 2.80; 95% CI: 1.06, 7.43). This study provides further evidence that maternal pre‐pregnancy obesity is associated with autism‐like behaviors in offspring. Autism Research 2019, 12: 80–88. © 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Lay SummaryThe current study explored whether pre‐pregnancy weight was related to autistic‐like traits among offspring not diagnosed with ASD. We found that pre‐pregnancy body mass index in women is associated with the amount of autistic‐like traits in their children in early adulthood. Specifically, women who were obese at the time of conception were more likely to have a child who had high levels of autistic‐like traits in early adulthood.
Projekt RISKMON – Anlageninspektion & Risk‐Monitoring mittels unbemannter Luftfahrzeugsysteme
Authors: Peller Gerhard , Dolleschal Thomas 
Published: September 2018

AbstractZiel des Forschungsprojekts RISKMON ist die Konzeption und Umsetzung teilautomatisierter Inspektionen von Bauwerken, Naturgefahren, Bestandsstrecken und außergewöhnlichen Ereignissen mittels Hochleistungsdrohnen und ‐sensoren (Unmanned Aerial Systems/UAS). Im Forschungsvorhaben wird für die Anwendungsfälle der gesamte Weg von der Konzeption spezifischer Lösungen, der Datenerfassung und Auswertung bis zur Integration in die Bestandssysteme des Infrastrukturmanagements im Sinn eines (teil‐)automatisierten Gesamtsystems gezeigt. Die Vorteile des Einsatzes industrieller Hochleistungsdrohnen (mit Kameras, Laserscan, Thermografie etc.) liegen in der hohen Erfassungskapazität und dem spezifisch anpassbaren Equipment auf einer universellen Plattform sowie der flexiblen Erfassung schwer zugänglicher Bereiche bei präziser Wiederholbarkeit und Dokumentation bei geringen Kosten. Die Skalierbarkeit und Einsatzmöglichkeiten der UAS werden über die Ergebnisevaluierung und Optimierung des Konzepts für die teilautomatisierte Inspektion sichergestellt. Zusammen mit der Ergebnisaufbereitung wird ein Proof of Concept, Application, Efficiency and Integration in RISKMON erbracht. Mit dem Ergebnisbericht bekommen die Auftraggeber die wesentlichen Informationen für einen sinnvollen und effizienten Einsatz dieser Technologien. Der Mehrwert für die Auftraggeber liegt einerseits in den hochpräzisen messtechnischen Erfassungsmethoden und andererseits in der ganzheitlichen Konzeption und Umsetzung der Zustandserfassung und Auswertung bis zur Integration in das Infrastrukturmanagement.
Descriptive epidemiology of cerebellar hypoplasia in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study
Authors: Howley Meredith M. , Keppler‐Noreuil Kim M. , Cunniff Christopher M. , Browne Marilyn L. ,   for the National Birth Defects Prevention Study
Published: September 2018

BackgroundCerebellar hypoplasia is a rare disorder of cerebellar formation in which the cerebellum is not completely developed, smaller than it should be, or completely absent. The prevalence of cerebellar hypoplasia at birth is unknown, and little is known about epidemiological risk factors. Using data from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study (NBDPS), a population‐based, case–control study, we analyzed clinical features and potential risk factors for nonsyndromic cerebellar hypoplasia.MethodsThe NBDPS included pregnancies with estimated delivery dates from 1997–2011. We described clinical features of cerebellar hypoplasia cases from the study area. We explored risk factors for cerebellar hypoplasia (case characteristics, demographics, pregnancy characteristics, maternal health conditions, maternal medication use, and maternal behavioral exposures) by comparing cases to non‐malformed live born control infants. We calculated crude odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals using logistic regression models.ResultsWe identified 87 eligible cerebellar hypoplasia cases and 55 mothers who participated in the NBDPS. There were no differences in clinical features between interviewed and non‐interviewed cases. Cerebellar hypoplasia cases were more likely than controls to be from a multiple pregnancy, be born preterm, and have low birth weight. Cerebellar hypoplasia cases were more likely to be born in or after 2005, as opposed to earlier in NBDPS. We found elevated ORs that were not statistically significant for maternal use of vasoactive medications, non‐Hispanic black mothers, and mothers with a history of hypertension.ConclusionsAlthough unadjusted, our findings from a large, population‐based study can contribute to new hypotheses regarding the etiology of cerebellar hypoplasia.
The efficacy and safety of ALK inhibitors in the treatment of ALK‐positive non‐small cell lung cancer: A network meta‐analysis
Authors: Fan Junsheng , Fong Tszhei , Xia Zengfei , Zhang Jian , Luo Peng 
Published: September 2018

AbstractPurposeThe current study was carried out to compare the effectiveness and safety of different ALK inhibitors in treating ALK+ NSCLC.MethodsProgression‐free survival (PFS), disease control rate (DCR), overall response rate (ORR), and intracranial ORR and DCR have been aggregated to appraise the effectiveness of each ALKi. The discontinuation rate due to adverse events (AEs) was pooled to evaluate their safety. Bayesian network meta‐analyses were used to compare the ORR, DCR, PFS, and discontinuation rate of patients treated with alectinib, ceritinib, crizotinib, and chemotherapy.ResultsCompared with chemotherapy, ALK inhibitors significantly prolonged PFS [hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI): alectinib, 0.50 (0.43‐0.58); ceritinib, 0.75 (0.69‐0.83); crizotinib, 0.71 (0.66‐0.76)]. The ORRs were significantly higher for ALK inhibitors than for chemotherapy [odds ratio (OR) and corresponding 95% CI: alectinib, 11.69 (4.29‐36.56); ceritinib, 7.85 (3.44‐19.27); crizotinib, 6.04 (3.33‐11.71)]. The discontinuation rates were lower for ALK inhibitors than for chemotherapy [OR and corresponding 95% CI: alectinib, 0.42 (0.12‐1.36); ceritinib, 0.52 (0.20‐1.35); crizotinib, 0.70 (0.30‐1.62)].ConclusionsALK+ NSCLC patients treated with ALKi tend to have longer PFS than those treated with chemotherapy. ALKi‐naïve patients tended to response better than their ALKi‐pretreated counterparts. Alectinib appeared to be preferable for treating brain metastases due to its high intracranial efficacy. Patients treated with alectinib or ceritinib tended to have higher ORR and DCR than patients with similar baselines treated with crizotinib or chemotherapy. No significant differences in discontinuation rate were found for alectinib, ceritinib, crizotinib, and chemotherapy.
Counselling training in higher education in the United Kingdom: Challenges and opportunities for research
Authors: Joseph Stephen , Murphy David , Holford John 
Published: September 2018

AbstractMany Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) in the United Kingdom (UK) now offer undergraduate and postgraduate courses in counselling. However, counselling is a relatively new and developing profession only beginning to nurture a future generation of research‐active scholars. As such, its development is vulnerable to pressures arising from HEIs preparations for the forthcoming UK Research Excellence Framework (REF). We discuss how counselling is best understood as representing two distinct traditions premised on either a pedagogical or a mental illness discourse. This has implications for how counselling research is situated within HEIs, an understanding of which may help counselling education survive the challenges ahead and find new opportunities to develop and grow. Within HEI's, there is a need to be aware of the different ways of conceptualising the activities of counselling. An opportunity exists to reimagine counselling both as a mental health and as a pedagogical profession.
Textural and cooking qualities of dry Laksa noodle made from semi‐wet and wet MR253 flours
Authors: Ahmad Noorlaila , Rajab Asmeda 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackground and objectivesThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of semi‐wet and wet ground rice flours from MR253 rice variety on the cooking, textural, and sensorial qualities of dry rice noodle (laksa noodle). This rice flour is classified as a medium group of amylose content of 20.27% in semi‐wet and 20.59% in wet, respectively.FindingsPearson correlation analysis of these flours implies that amylose content, percentage of damaged starch granule, and water absorption of rice flour incorporated in the formulation and production greatly influences both the dry and cooked (wet) rice noodles’ textural and cooking qualities. Sensory analysis showed that there were no significant differences (p > 0.05) with regard to taste, aroma, and appearance between commercial and experimental noodles.ConclusionsExperimental laksa rice noodles produced using semi‐wet and wet ground flours have better quality since it attained significantly (p < 0.05) higher scores of texture and overall acceptability attributes.Significance and noveltyThis research explores the possibility of semi‐wet grinding method of laboratory scale which had not been extensively studied and the usage and application of new Malaysian hybrid rice variety of MR253.
High‐Performance and Stable Silicon Photoanode Modified by Crystalline Ni@ Amorphous Co Core‐Shell Nanoparticles
Authors: Chen Jie , Xu Guangzhou , Wang Chao , Zhu Kai , Wang Hongxu , Yan Shicheng , Yu Zhentao , Zou Zhigang 
Published: September 2018

AbstractImproving the charge separation and transport efficiency at semiconductor‐electrolyte interface is critical for high‐performance photoelectrochemical (PEC) water‐splitting devices. Here, the core‐shell‐structured Ni@Co nanoislands were electrodeposited onto the surface of n‐type Si photoanode to construct a metal‐insulator‐semiconductor (MIS) structure. We discover that the high‐quality interface in Si/SiOx/Ni MIS structure is more efficient for charge extraction and transfer than Si/SiOx/Co. Owing to a slightly higher work function for Co (5.0 eV) than Ni (4.6 eV), the Si/SiOx/Ni@Co exhibits the larger band bending to enhance the charge separation efficiency, while the in‐situ formed CoOOH significantly increases the charge injection efficiency due to the decreased oxygen‐evolution overpotentials. As a result, the Ni@Co core‐shell nanoparticles coupling with n‐Si photoanode can afford the PEC performance with an onset potential of 1.02 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE), saturated current density of 36.7 mA cm−2, and retain good stability in K‐borate buffer solution. This core‐shell structure strategy is efficient and easy to achieve the separation of photogenerated carriers and improve the charge injection efficiency to nearly 100 %
The Role of Surface Chemistry in Impedimetric Aptasensing
Authors: Koh Vanessa , Ang Wei Li , Bonanni Alessandra 
Published: September 2018

AbstractSurface chemistry is a key parameter in the choice of proper materials for electrochemical detection. It has been previously shown that the presence of oxygen containing groups (OCGs) on the surface of graphene oxide (GO) can be both effective and detrimental. This poses a question when GO materials are used as electrochemical platforms for biosensing. In this work, we study how the surface chemistry of graphene oxide nanocolloids (GONCs) affects the impedimetric biosensing of ochratoxin A (OTA), in terms of immobilization of biorecognition element and detection step. OCGs on GONCs were tuned by applying increasing reduction potentials from −0.3 V to −1.2 V, resulting in GONC platforms with decreasing amounts of oxygen functionalities. It was discovered that the sensitivity of biosensing is correlated to the residual amount of OCGs on GO surface. For a more detailed investigation, three representative materials, namely unreduced GONCs, as well as GONCs reduced at potentials of −0.8 V and −1.2 V were chosen. Results were compared in terms of calibration sensitivity, selectivity and reproducibility of the impedimetric response. GONCs reduced at −1.2 V have shown the best electroanalytical response for the impedimetric detection of OTA. These findings are anticipated to contribute to the design of novel biosensors, whereby an optimized platform is employed for the immobilization of the biorecognition element.
A Diarylethene‐Based Photoswitch and its Photomodulation of the Fluorescence of Conjugated Polymers
Authors: Liu Ronghua , Yang Yu , Cui Qianling , Xu Wenqiang , Peng Rui , Li Lidong 
Published: September 2018

AbstractPhotochromic diarylethene derivatives, which can reversibly switch the fluorescence of adjacent fluorophores between the ON and OFF states under light irradiation, have been widely used to construct photoswitchable materials. Herein, eight dithienylethene (DTE) groups are integrated onto one polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) core, obtaining a novel super molecular photoswitch. After being doped into conjugated polymer nanoparticles, the POSS‐DTE8 molecules show a higher contrast on/off photoswitching performance and a quicker responsive speed than free DTE molecules at same molar concentration of photochromic units. This enhanced photoswitching efficiency is attributed to the increased molecular interaction of the ring‐open form and lowered energy of the ring‐closed form of the DTE units on the POSS core, which is beneficial for the ring‐closing reaction and subsequent energy transfer between photoswitch and fluorophores. In addition, POSS‐DTE8 also exhibits good photomodulation behavior in the conjugated polymer film, giving it potential applications in optical devices.
Chiral [MnIIMnIII3M′] (M′=NaI, CaII, MnII) and [MnIIMnIII6NaI2] Clusters Built from an Enantiomerically Pure Schiff Base: Synthetic, Chiroptical, and Magnetic Properties
Authors: Mayans Júlia , Font‐Bardia Mercé , Di Bari Lorenzo , Górecki Marcin , Escuer Albert 
Published: September 2018

AbstractFrom the reaction of manganese halides with the chiral Schiff bases obtained by condensation of o‐vanillin and (R)‐ or (S)‐phenylglycinol, 11 complexes based on pentanuclear cages with trigonal bipyramidal [MnIIMnIII3M′] (M′=NaI, CaII, MnII) or enneanuclear [MnIIMnIII6NaI2] cores were synthesized. Structural, supramolecular chirality, and optical properties were explored. The magnetic properties of related systems were reviewed, and the magnetic response of the new systems was rationalized to the bond parameters.