bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
AviaNZ: A future‐proofed program for annotation and recognition of animal sounds in long‐time field recordings
Authors: Marsland Stephen , Priyadarshani Nirosha , Juodakis Julius , Castro Isabel 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

The routine collection of long‐time acoustic recordings of animals in the field presents new challenges in data analysis. While many terabytes of data are collected annually, effective use of this noisy, highly variable data require skilled humans to manually identify calls. While computer programs to automatically analyse these recordings are becoming available, it is important that they are user‐friendly and easy‐to‐use, so that everybody – citizen scientists, wildlife managers, researchers – can take advantage of them, and that they keep the human in the loop so analyses carried out this year are comparable both to manual call counts from the past, and more accurate automated analyses performed in the future.

We present the AviaNZ program, which is designed to achieve these goals: the software includes methods for simple, rapid manual annotation of recordings, denoising and segmentation methods, and a training procedure by which the user can prepare their own filters to automatically recognize individual species. The software can run in batch mode, automatically processing folders of field recordings, and then present the outputs to enable the quick and easy review of the results. Finally, the outputs are presented in a variety of spreadsheets to enable different statistical analyses to be performed.

We describe the various workflows of manually and semi‐automatically processing sound files, annotating them to train automatic filters, using those filters in batch mode, and how the software facilitates rapid evaluation of the automated analysis. A demonstration of the software, comparing manual and automatic detection of calls of the little spotted kiwi Apteryx owenii is given. It shows that while the automatic detection does produce false positives, human correction of these is far faster than manual review of the whole sound file.

AviaNZ is a freely available open‐source standalone program. Our experience shows that it can be used by anybody quickly and easily. However, for experienced users it is easily customizable and extendable. By enabling everybody involved with acoustic bird recording to quickly and easily analyse their own data, while future‐proofing it by keeping the human in the loop, we are enabling acoustic field recordings to meet their potential.
Predicting mechanical restraint of psychiatric inpatients by applying machine learning on electronic health data
Authors: Danielsen A. A. , Fenger M. H. J. , Østergaard S. D. , Nielbo K. L. , Mors O. 
Published: June 2019

ObjectiveMechanical restraint (MR) is used to prevent patients from harming themselves or others during inpatient treatment. The objective of this study was to investigate whether incident MR occurring in the first 3 days following admission could be predicted based on analysis of electronic health data available after the first hour of admission.MethodsThe dataset consisted of clinical notes from electronic health records from the Central Denmark Region and data from the Danish Health Registers from patients admitted to a psychiatric department in the period from 2011 to 2015. Supervised machine learning algorithms were trained on a randomly selected subset of the data and validated using an independent test dataset.ResultsA total of 5050 patients with 8869 admissions were included in the study. One hundred patients were mechanically restrained in the period between one hour and 3 days after the admission. A Random Forest algorithm predicted MR with an area under the curve of 0.87 (95% CI 0.79–0.93). At 94% specificity, the sensitivity was 56%. Among the ten strongest predictors, nine were derived from the clinical notes.ConclusionsThese findings open for the development of an early warning system that may guide interventions to reduce the use of MR.
Rates of vaginal birth after caesarean section: What chance do obese women have?
Authors: Wilson Erin , Sivanesan Kanapathippillai , Veerasingham Mayooran 
Published: June 2019

BackgroundFor women considering vaginal birth after caesarean section (VBAC), obesity has been associated with a lower rate of vaginal birth and a higher rate of uterine rupture. To enhance antenatal counselling, this study aimed to evaluate the success rates of morbidly obese women undergoing a trial of labour (TOL).MethodA retrospective analysis was performed of women who birthed at our hospital who had previously had one caesarean section. Routinely collected data were reviewed for mode of birth for women who underwent a TOL. A number of maternal and neonatal outcomes were also gathered. The data were analysed according to those women with a body mass index (BMI) equal to or above 40, compared to those women with a BMI below 40.ResultsFrom 2011 to 2018, 2097 women gave birth at our hospital and had a caesarean section for a prior pregnancy. Of these women, 1234 (58.9%) had an elective caesarean section and 863 (41.1%) underwent a TOL. Of the women undertaking a TOL, 73.1% gave birth vaginally. Women with a BMI equal to or greater than 40 were less likely to have a successful VBAC compared to women with a BMI less than 40 (58.9% vs 74.1%, P = 0.013). Only 50% of women with a BMI equal to or greater than 40 had a successful VBAC if they had not previously had a vaginal birth.ConclusionWomen with a BMI over 40 had lower rates of successful VBAC. Rates were even lower for those who had not had a prior vaginal birth.
Large felid leucoencephalomyelopathy in a Sumatran tiger (Panthera tigris sumatrae) from an Australian zoo
Authors: Hanshaw DM , McLelland DJ , Manavis J , Finnie JW 
Published: June 2019

Case reportThe clinicopathological features of a case consistent with large felid leucoencephalomyelopathy are described in a 19‐year‐old, zoo‐based Sumatran tiger in which degenerative vertebral disease, renal insufficiency, diaphragmatic hernia and cataracts were comorbid. The principal presenting sign was ataxia, with concurrent deterioration of vertebral stiffness and vision loss. Histological features included marked destruction of the white matter, the formation of large, bizarre astrocytes and accumulation of numerous foamy macrophages (gitter cells). Immunohistochemical investigation of reactive astrocytes revealed several different cytoplasmic proteins.ConclusionThis is the first reported case of large felid leucoencephalomyelopathy in Australia.
Using natural language processing and VetCompass to understand antimicrobial usage patterns in Australia
Authors: Hur B , Hardefeldt LY , Verspoor K , Baldwin T , Gilkerson JR 
Published: June 2019

BackgroundCurrently there is an incomplete understanding of antimicrobial usage patterns in veterinary clinics in Australia, but such knowledge is critical for the successful implementation and monitoring of antimicrobial stewardship programs.MethodsVetCompass Australia collects medical records from 181 clinics in Australia (as of May 2018). These records contain detailed information from individual consultations regarding the medications dispensed. One unique aspect of VetCompass Australia is its focus on applying natural language processing (NLP) and machine learning techniques to analyse the records, similar to efforts conducted in other medical studies.ResultsThe free text fields of 4,394,493 veterinary consultation records of dogs and cats between 2013 and 2018 were collated by VetCompass Australia and NLP techniques applied to enable the querying of the antimicrobial usage within these consultations.ConclusionThe NLP algorithms developed matched antimicrobial in clinical records with 96.7% accuracy and an F1 Score of 0.85, as evaluated relative to expert annotations. This dataset can be readily queried to demonstrate the antimicrobial usage patterns of companion animal practices throughout Australia.
The ability to evaluate arguments in scientific texts: Measurement, cognitive processes, nomological network, and relevance for academic success at the university
Authors: Münchow Hannes , Richter Tobias , von der Mühlen Sarah , Schmid Sebastian 
Published: June 2019

BackgroundThe evaluation of informal arguments is a key component of comprehending scientific texts and scientific literacy.AimThe present study examined the nomological network of university students’ ability to evaluate informal arguments in scientific texts and the relevance of this ability for academic success.SampleA sample of 225 university students from the social and educational sciences participated in the study.MethodsJudgements of plausibility and the ability to recognize argumentation fallacies were assessed with a novel computer‐based diagnostic instrument (Argument Judgement Test; AJT).ResultsThe items of the AJT partly conform to a 1‐PL model and test scores were systematically related to epistemological beliefs and verbal intelligence. Item‐by‐item analyses of responses and response times showed that implausible arguments were more difficult to process and correct responses to these items required increased cognitive effort. Finally, the AJT scores predicted academic success at university even if verbal intelligence and grade point average were controlled for.ConclusionThese findings suggest that the ability to evaluate arguments in scientific texts is an aspect of rationality, relies on reflective processes, and is relevant for academic success.
Complex indirect effects of epiphytic bromeliads on the invertebrate food webs of their support tree
Authors: Rogy Pierre , Hammill Edd , Srivastava Diane S. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractEcosystem engineers are species that affect others through the provision of habitat rather than consumptive resources. The extent to which ecosystem engineers can indirectly affect entire food webs, however, is poorly understood. Epiphytic tank bromeliads (Bromeliaceae) are ecosystem engineers that are common throughout the Neotropics, and are associated with a variety of predatory arthropods. Here, we examine if bromeliads, by increasing predator densities, indirectly benefit their support tree through reduction in herbivorous insects and leaf damage. We observed and manipulated bromeliad densities in Costa Rican orange orchards, and measured impacts on leaf damage and arboreal and bromeliad invertebrate communities in two different seasons. Our results show that bromeliads are associated with predatory and herbivorous invertebrates but not leaf damage. Bromeliads were correlated with increased densities of their associated predators, especially ants and hunting spiders, but we could not confirm a causal link. Associations with bromeliads changed over time, with seasonal shifts interfering with responses to our manipulations. Bromeliads had a reduced association with predators in the dry season. Moreover, a null association between bromeliads and herbivorous invertebrates in the dry season unexpectedly became positive in the wet season. In summary, we have only limited evidence that bromeliads indirectly promote the top‐down control of arboreal herbivores; instead, our manipulations suggest that bromeliads increase herbivore densities in the wet season. This research suggests that although bromeliads may act as ecosystem engineers, indirectly influencing the invertebrate food web on support trees, their effects are trophically complex and seasonally dependent.Abstract in Spanish is available with online material.
The impact of HENRY on parenting and family lifestyle: Exploratory analysis of the mechanisms for change
Authors: Bridge Gemma L. , Willis Thomas A. , Evans Charlotte E.L. , Roberts Kim P. J. , Rudolf Mary 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundChildhood obesity is a major public health concern. In the United Kingdom, a quarter of children are overweight or obese at age 5 years. Overweight and obese children are more likely to develop serious health issues such as diabetes later in life. Consequently, there is an urgent need for effective, early obesity prevention and intervention. This study investigated the impact of an 8‐week child obesity intervention—HENRY (Health Exercise Nutrition for the Really Young)—designed to help parents with preschool children develop the skills and knowledge needed to improve family lifestyle and well‐being. We were particularly interested in exploring the potential mechanisms by which HENRY may have a positive impact.MethodFocus groups (n = 7, total participants = 39) were completed with mothers attending the HENRY programme at one of seven locations across England. They took place within 2 weeks of programme completion. Follow‐up telephone interviews were completed with a subsample of participants (n = 10) between 17 and 21 weeks later.ResultsParents consistently reported enhanced self‐efficacy in terms of improved confidence in their ability to encourage healthier behaviours such as eating fruit and vegetables and increasing physical activity, and improvements to family health behaviours. Many changes were reportedly sustained at follow‐up. Data provided insights into the potential mechanisms that created the conditions for the positive changes. Participants described the importance of mutual support, being listened to by facilitators, and encouragement to identify their own ideas. Their comments indicated the success of a solution‐focused, strength‐based, partnership approach to supporting family lifestyle change.ConclusionThe results of this study contribute to the body of evidence suggesting that HENRY may have a positive impact on parenting and family lifestyle behaviour. Although data were collected in 2011, the findings contribute to an understanding of the components of effective obesity prevention in young children.
The early diagnostic value of serum galactomannan antigen test combined with chest computed tomography for invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in pediatric patients after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Qiu Kun‐yin , Liao Xiong‐yu , Huang Ke , Xu Hong‐gui , Li Yang , Fang Jian‐pei , Zhou Dun‐hua 
Published: June 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of our study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of serum galactomannan antigen (GM) testing combined with chest computed tomography (CT) of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) in pediatric patients after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.MethodsA retrospective nested case‐control study was conducted in the identifying IPA among pediatric patients.ResultsA total of 141 eligible pediatric recipients with febrile neutropenia were enrolled in this study. All patients in the cases were diagnosed with proven‐probable IPA(PP‐IPA), while only 9 patients in the controls. GM testing was positive in 38 pediatric recipients in the cases and nine recipients in the controls with sensitivity of 62.3%, specificity of 81.8%. Among all patients with IPA, 46 patients in the cases and 9 patients in the controls had typical features of CT imaging with sensitivity of 79.3%, specificity of 85.2%. For discrimination of participants' GM testing combined with CT evaluation, the AUC of the diagnostic model was 0.887 with PPV of 0.764, and NPV of 0.872. Sensitivity was 0.793, and specificity was 0.852 in IPA.ConclusionThe combination methods with serum GM and CT scan might be used as a valuable marker for early diagnosis of IPA in pediatric patients after HSCT.
Granular cell cutaneous epithelioid angiomatous nodule
Authors: Sorrells Timothy C. , Winn Aubrey , Sulit Daryl J. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractCutaneous epithelioid angiomatous nodule is an uncommon vascular lesion usually described as composed of epithelioid endothelial cells with vesicular nuclei and eosinophilic cytoplasm. A granular cell variant has not been previously described. Endothelial cells can present with granular cytoplasm as documented with reports of granular cell angiosarcoma. The granularity is thought to be due to increased intracytoplasmic lysosomes. We present a case of a benign superficial vascular lesion composed of a sheet‐like proliferation of epithelioid endothelial cells with distinctly granular cytoplasm confirmed as of endothelial origin with positive staining for CD31 and ERG.
Is Blockchain a Silver Bullet for Supply Chain Management? Technical Challenges and Research Opportunities
Authors: Kumar Akhil , Liu Rong , Shan Zhe 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTBlockchain technology is based on the idea of a distributed, replicated, and immutable digital ledger that enables parties to conduct business in a trustful and transparent way without the need for a central authority or intermediary. Its most popular application thus far is in payment system applications, e.g., bitcoin. This disruptive technology is expected to contribute significant business value to multiple industry sectors, including supply chain management (SCM), where it can provide greater visibility, accountability and trust in interorganizational business collaboration. In this article, we review some fundamental concepts of Hyperledger Fabric, one of the most mature permissioned blockchain implementations. Further, we use the context of a food supply chain to highlight key design and implementation challenges for blockchain, and provide a strategic assessment of its prospects. Our aim is to dispel misguided notions and myths about blockchain as a silver bullet for all businesses. We believe it is important to penetrate the hype to allow a more realistic understanding of this technology. Blockchain is a high‐cost, high‐overhead storage medium. It is viable only when its higher cost is counterbalanced by the set of benefits that are identified by a careful and thorough analysis of the business. Thus, it will be used mainly for storing important data related to interorganizational transactions among partners where trust is lacking and provenance and visibility are critical. Our paper offers enterprises a systematic way to understand the real costs and risks of blockchain adoption. The insights gained in the SCM context also apply to other areas such as financial services and healthcare that could leverage the full potential of blockchain technology.
Impact of IT Ambidexterity on New Product Development Speed: Theory and Empirical Evidence
Authors: Syed Tahir Abbas , Blome Constantin , Papadopoulos Thanos 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTNew product development (NPD) speed is becoming an important weapon by which firms can gain market share in today's competitive and complex market environments, where consumer preferences change rapidly. Drawing on the information technology (IT)‐enabled organizational capabilities perspective, this study proposes that IT ambidexterity—the simultaneous pursuit of IT exploitation and IT exploration, which has become imperative in modern industry to sustain the business value of IT—enhances NPD speed by facilitating operational agility. We examine the proposed relationship of IT ambidexterity with the potential moderating role of market complexity in a sample composed of 292 British high‐tech firms. Our findings, based on a moderated‐mediation analysis, suggest that the impact of IT ambidexterity on NPD speed is mediated by operational agility and that the mediation effect is especially pronounced in complex markets. The resulting theoretical arguments and empirical evidence yield further insights into the strategic impacts of IT.
A Mathematical Programming Approach for Imputation of Unknown Journal Ratings in a Combined Journal Quality List
Authors: Kim Jinhak , Park Young Woong , Williams Alvin J. 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTThe quality of faculty scholarship and productivity is one of the primary measures for faculty evaluation in most academic institutions. Due to the diversity and interdisciplinary nature of modern academic research fields, it is increasingly important to use journal quality lists, with journal ratings, that offer credible measures of the worth of faculty scholarship. Despite the existence of such metrics, journal lists, by their very nature, exclude some well‐recognized journals. Consequently, academic institutions expend inordinate resources to assess the quality of unrated journals appropriately and equitably across disciplines. The current research proposes mathematical programming models as a path to determining unknown ratings of multiple journal quality lists, using only their known rating information. The objective of the models is to minimize the total number of instances where two journals are rated in opposite order by two different journal quality lists. Computational results based on journal quality list data in https://harzing.com/ indicate that the proposed methods outperform existing imputation algorithms with most realistic test data sets in terms of accuracy, root mean square error, and mean absolute deviation.
Multi‐modality cardiac imaging in advanced chronic kidney disease
Authors: Ureche Carina , Sascău Radu , Țăpoi Laura , Covic Andreea , Moroșanu Corneliu , Voroneanu Luminița , Burlacu Alexandru , Stătescu Cristian , Covic Adrian 
Published: June 2019

AbstractCardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide and is particularly frequent among those with severe renal impairment. Early diagnosis and therapeutic intervention may help alleviate the burden of cardiovascular complication within this population. In the last years, advances have been made toward developing noninvasive imaging techniques that could offer better insight into the cardiac involvement in end‐stage renal disease (ESRD). Conventional transthoracic echocardiography remains the first‐line investigation used to assess cardiac function, but encompassing in our daily practice, the newer approaches such as speckle‐tracking imaging, cardiac computed tomography, or cardiac magnetic resonance can guide us to a more comprehensive understanding of CVD in ESRD. Given that patients with chronic kidney disease may not present with typical CVD symptoms, the amount of information brought by newer imaging techniques is crucial for an accurate diagnosis, risk stratification, and further management. The purpose of this review is to briefly summarize the specific applications of standard cardiac imaging techniques in patients with ESRD and to offer insight into the novel imaging modalities, highlighting the newest research in this field. By doing so, we aim to identify the most important imaging predictors of clinical outcomes in this population.
TOPICS AND GEOGRAPHICAL DIFFUSION OF KNOWLEDGE IN TOP ECONOMIC JOURNALS
Authors: Fontana Magda , Montobbio Fabio , Racca Paolo 
Published: June 2019

We study the evolution of topics in economics and their geographical specialization by analyzing 13,233 papers from seven top journals between 1985 and 2012 and their forward citations. The share of U.S. publications declines from 75% to 64% with a corresponding increase of the European share from 12% to 24%. We use topic modeling and document the evolution of the discipline over 27 years. We estimate, with a quasi‐structural model, the citation lag distribution for 18 different topics and three large geographical areas. The modal citation lag is about 6.7 years in the entire sample and 4.8 years for citations from the top 100 journals. We quantify (1) the home bias effect in citations, (2) how it fades away over time, (3) the long lasting impact of U.S. publications vis‐à‐vis other geographical areas, and (4) the higher speed of diffusion and faster obsolescence in the United States. (JEL A14, I23, O33, A11)