bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oxidation of Reduced Ceria by Incorporation of Hydrogen
Authors: Li Zhaorui , Werner Kristin , Qian Kun , You Rui , Płucienik Agata , Jia Aiping , Wu Lihui , Zhang Liyuan , Pan Haibin , Kuhlenbeck Helmut , Shaikhutdinov Shamil , Huang Weixin , Freund Hans‐Joachim 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe interaction of hydrogen with reduced ceria (CeO2−x) powders and CeO2−x(111) thin films was studied using several characterization techniques including TEM, XRD, LEED, XPS, RPES, EELS, ESR, and TDS. The results clearly indicate that both in reduced ceria powders as well as in reduced single crystal ceria films hydrogen may form hydroxyls at the surface and hydride species below the surface. The formation of hydrides is clearly linked to the presence of oxygen vacancies and is accompanied by the transfer of an electron from a Ce3+ species to hydrogen, which results in the formation of Ce4+, and thus in oxidation of ceria.
Nano‐Ferroelectric for High Efficiency Overall Water Splitting under Ultrasonic Vibration
Authors: Su Ran , Hsain H. Alex , Wu Ming , Zhang Dawei , Hu Xinghao , Wang Zhipeng , Wang Xiaojing , Li Fa‐tang , Chen Xuemin , Zhu Lina , Yang Yong , Yang Yaodong , Lou Xiaojie , Pennycook Stephen J. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractPiezocatalysis, converting mechanical vibration into chemical energy, has emerged as a promising candidate for water‐splitting technology. However, the efficiency of the hydrogen production is quite limited. We herein report well‐defined 10 nm BaTiO3 nanoparticles (NPs) characterized by a large electro‐mechanical coefficient which induces a high piezoelectric effect. Atomic‐resolution high angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF‐STEM) and scanning probe microscopy (SPM) suggests that piezoelectric BaTiO3 NPs display a coexistence of multiple phases with low energy barriers and polarization anisotropy which results in a high electro‐mechanical coefficient. Landau free energy modeling also confirms that the greatly reduced polarization anisotropy facilitates polarization rotation. Employing the high piezoelectric properties of BaTiO3 NPs, we demonstrate an overall water‐splitting process with the highest hydrogen production efficiency hitherto reported, with a H2 production rate of 655 μmol g−1 h−1, which could rival excellent photocatalysis system. This study highlights the potential of piezoelectric catalysis for overall water splitting.
Functionalization of cellulose as imprinted adsorbent for selective adsorption of matrine
Authors: Qiu Yueming , Lin Chunxiang , Liu Yifan , Lv Yuancai , Liu Minghua 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTA novel molecular imprinted polymer (MIP) based on cellulose is fabricated for separation of matrine. Cellulose graft copolymer was first synthesized from cotton linter by atom transfer radical polymerization in ionic liquid with the acrylamide as monomer. Then, the prepared graft copolymer underwent sulfomethylation and subsequent crosslinking in the matrine solution. Effects of the parameters on the reaction degree were discussed, and the structural, component, and morphological characterization of the products were also conducted. The ability of the obtained cellulose‐based MIP (MIP‐SPAM) to adsorb matrine was evaluated by batch adsorption. Results showed that the sorption process was pH dependent, spontaneous, endothermic, and followed the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Kinetics study revealed that pseudo‐second‐order was closed to the experimental data and both of the membrane diffusion and intraparticle diffusion controlled the matrine adsorption. Moreover, MIP‐SPAM possessed higher selective sorption property for matrine compared to the corresponding nonimprinted polymer. Finally, the MIP‐SPAM could be repeatedly used for five times without any significant loss in the initial binding affinity. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48392.
Affordable remote monitoring of plant growth in facilities using Raspberry Pi computers
Authors: Grindstaff Brandin , Mabry Makenzie E. , Blischak Paul D. , Quinn Micheal , Chris Pires J. 
Published: August 2019

PremiseEnvironmentally controlled facilities, such as growth chambers, are essential tools for experimental research. Automated, low‐cost, remote‐monitoring hardware can greatly improve both reproducibility and maintenance.Methods and ResultsUsing a Raspberry Pi computer, open‐source software, environmental sensors, and a camera, we developed Growth Monitor pi (GMpi), a cost‐effective system for monitoring growth chamber conditions. Coupled with our software, GMPi_Pack, our setup automates sensor readings, photography, and alerts when conditions fall out of range.ConclusionsGMpi offers access to environmental data logging, improving reproducibility of experiments and reinforcing the stability of controlled environmental facilities. The device is also flexible and scalable, allowing researchers the ability to customize and expand GMpi for their own needs.
Improvement of baculovirus as protein expression vector and as biopesticide by CRISPR/Cas9 editing
Authors: Pazmiño‐Ibarra Verónica , Mengual‐Martí Adrià , Targovnik Alexandra Marisa , Herrero Salvador 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) system–associated Cas9 endonuclease is a molecular tool that enables specific sequence editing with high efficiency. In this study, we have explored the use of CRISPR/Cas9 system for the engineering of baculovirus. We have shown that the delivering of Cas9‐single guide RNA ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex with or without DNA repair template into Sf21 insect cells through lipofection might be efficient to produce knockouts as well as knock‐ins into the baculovirus. To evaluate potential application of our CRISPR/Cas9 method to improve baculovirus as protein expression vector and as biopesticide, we attempted to knockout several genes from a recombinant AcMNPV form used in the baculovirus expression system as well as in a natural occurring viral isolate from the same virus. We have additionally confirmed the adaptation of this methodology for the generation of viral knock‐ins in specific regions of the viral genome. Analysis of the generated mutants revealed that the editing efficiency and the type of changes was variable but relatively high. Depending on the targeted gene, the editing rate ranged from 10% to 40%. This study established the first report revealing the potential of CRISPR/Cas9 for genome editing in baculovirus, contributing to the engineering of baculovirus as a protein expression vector as well as a biological control agent.
Sex differences in repair rates and outcomes of patients with ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm
Authors: Zommorodi S , Bottai M , Hultgren R 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Background
Data are conflicting on sex differences in ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (rAAA) repair rates and outcomes have rarely been addressed. The aim of this study was to investigate differences in the management and outcome of rAAA in men and women, and to describe time trends over a 15-year interval.

Methods
Data on patients with rAAA were extracted from the Swedish National Patient Registry and the Cause of Death Registry for the interval 2001–2015. The study included patients with rAAA whether or not they were admitted to any hospital in Sweden. A propensity score-matched model was used to determine sex differences in repair type and outcome after rupture. Time trends for rAAA events and mortality were investigated.

Results
Some 10 724 patients were identified. A higher percentage of men were admitted to hospital (79·8 versus 77·5 per cent; P = 0·011). Of those admitted, a higher percentage of men than women were treated (56·6 versus 40·4 per cent, P &lt; 0·001). Women were less likely to be treated when diagnosed with rAAA (average treatment effect (ATE) in the model –0·080, 95 per cent c.i. –0·106 to –0·055; P &lt; 0·001). Thirty-day mortality was also higher in women (ATE 0·094, 0·053 to 0·135; P &lt; 0·001); this effect persisted to 1 year (ATE 0·095, 0·052 to 0·137; P &lt; 0·001). Time trends indicated a decrease in rAAA incidence, mostly owing to a decrease among men.

Conclusion
In this study, fewer women with rAAA received surgery and 30-day mortality was higher than in men. There was an overall decrease in rAAA incidence, principally in men.
Photocatalytic Transformation of Amines to Imines by Meso‐Porous Copper Sulfides
Authors: Dutta Biswanath , Achola Laura A. , Clarke Ryan , Sharma Vinit , He Junkai , Kerns Peter , Suib Steven L. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractHere we have demonstrated a visible‐light‐driven catalytic process for amine to imine transformations, using a hydrothermal procedure based mesoporous copper sulfide material. The surface chemistry of this heterogeneously catalyzed process, which was further supported by computational calculations, was determined by the reaction kinetics, and reactive oxygen determination studies.
An Engineering Approach for Estimating the Formation of Nitric Oxide from Fuel‐Nitrogen
Authors: Förtsch Dieter 
Published: August 2019

AbstractExplicit approximate equations for estimating the conversion factor of fuel‐nitrogen into nitric oxide are presented. They depend on the fuel‐nitrogen mole fraction, the initial nitric oxide mole fraction, and the kinetics‐equilibrium mole fraction of nitric oxide. This last parameter expresses a limiting value of fuel‐nitrogen conversion; it includes the complex nitrogen chemistry and depends thus on combustion conditions. Experimental results demonstrate that the kinetics‐equilibrium mole fraction for fuel‐lean and high‐temperature conditions can be well estimated by the chemical‐equilibrium mole fraction, but for lower temperatures the kinetics‐equilibrium mole fraction has to be described by other correlations.
Fixed‐Bed Adsorption of Allura Red Dye on Chitosan/Polyurethane Foam
Authors: da Rosa Schio Rejiane , Cruz da Rosa Bruno , Gonçalves Salau Nina Paula , Stoffels Mallmann Evandro , Dotto Guilherme Luiz 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe potential of a chitosan/polyurethane foam (CTS/PU) fixed‐bed column for the removal of Allura Red dye (AR) from aqueous solutions was evaluated. Breakthrough curves were constructed under different conditions and optimized using response surface methodology (RSM). The empirical models Thomas, Yoon‐Nelson, and Bed Depth Service Time (BDST) were fitted to the experimental data. The dynamic models of Yoon‐Nelson and BDST accurately fitted the experimental data. As a result, CTS/PU can be successfully applied in a fixed‐bed adsorption operation to remove AR dye.
Power Input Prediction in Agitated Gas‐Liquid Contactors with Non‐coalescent Batch
Authors: Kracík Tomáš , Moucha Tomáš , Petříček Radim 
Published: August 2019

AbstractVolumetric mass transfer coefficients, kLa, just as power input are considered as essential parameters for mechanically agitated gas‐liquid contactors in relation to their optimization and design. The knowledge of power input is crucial for the prediction of other mass transfer characteristics. A power input correlation is created for the industrial design of the process with a non‐coalescent batch that would be appropriate for a broad range of operational conditions. The recommended resulting correlation is able to predict the power input for impellers in industrial‐scale design for a significant scope of operational conditions.
Sodium Naphthalene‐2,6‐dicarboxylate: An Anode for Sodium Batteries
Authors: Cabañero Joel M. , Pimenta Vanessa , Cannon Kieran C. , Morris Russell E. , Armstrong A. Robert 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe conjugated dicarboxylate sodium naphthalene‐2,6‐dicarboxylate (Na2NDC) was prepared by a low‐energy‐consumption reflux method, and its performance as a negative electrode for sodium‐ion batteries was evaluated in electrochemical cells. The structure of Na2NDC was solved for the first time (monoclinic P21/c) from powder XRD data and consists of π‐stacked naphthalene units separated by sodium–oxygen layers. Through an appropriate choice of binder and conducting carbon additive, Na2NDC exhibited a reversible two electron sodium insertion at approximately 0.4 V (vs. Na+/Na) with remarkably stable capacities of approximately 200 mAh g−1 at a rate of C/2 and good rate capability (≈133 mAh g−1 at 5 C). In parallel, the high thermal stability of the material was demonstrated by high‐temperature XRD: the framework remained intact to above 500 °C.
Classification and Segmentation of Hyperspectral Data of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Samples Using 1‐D Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Wang Rendong , He Yida , Yao Cuiping , Wang Sijia , Xue Yuan , Zhang Zhenxi , Wang Jing , Liu Xiaolong 
Published: August 2019

AbstractPathological diagnosis plays an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The traditional method of pathological diagnosis of most cancers requires freezing, slicing, hematoxylin and eosin staining, and manual analysis, limiting the speed of the diagnosis process. In this study, we designed a one‐dimensional convolutional neural network to classify the hyperspectral data of HCC sample slices acquired by our hyperspectral imaging system. A weighted loss function was employed to promote the performance of the model. The proposed method allows us to accelerate the diagnosis process of identifying tumor tissues. Our deep learning model achieved good performance on our data set with sensitivity, specificity, and area under receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.871, 0.888, and 0.950, respectively. Meanwhile, our deep learning model outperformed the other machine learning methods assessed on our data set. The proposed method is a potential tool for the label‐free and real‐time pathologic diagnosis. © 2019 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Day‐ahead optimal scheduling of microgrid with adaptive grasshopper optimization algorithm
Authors: C Shilaja , T Arunprasath , P Priya 
Published: August 2019

SummaryRecently, the microgrid (MG) structure day‐ahead scheduling is an important aspect and achieved an optimal operation by maximizing the utility function. In this paper, a day‐ahead scheduling of MG and their optimal operation are analyzed with the help of the proposed adaptive algorithm. For the optimal analysis of MG, adaptive grasshopper algorithm (AGOA) with cuckoo search (CS) is proposed. The CS algorithm is utilized to update the learning functions of the GOA, and the optimal performances are evaluated. Here, the photovoltaic (PV), wind turbine (WT), battery, and diesel generator (DG) are considered to analyze the optimal scheduling issues, and the main aim is to minimize their generating and operational cost functions. In addition, to maximize the profit of operations in MG, the load demand must be satisfied according to their constraints and objectives. The multiobjective function is defined as the cost functions of MG such as the fuel cost, generation cost, state of charge (SOC), direct cost, reserve cost, and penalty cost, respectively. The proposed method is implemented in MATLAB/Simulink platform and tested with the IEEE 57‐bus system and IEEE 118‐bus system. In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, this is compared with the existing methods such as whale optimization algorithm (WOA) and cuttlefish algorithm (CFA), respectively. Before the comparative study, the real‐time data of PV and WT are analyzed for the 24 hours. The SOC of the proposed method is analyzed and is about 80%.
A self‐learning stream classifier for flow‐based botnet detection
Authors: Nazemi Gelian Mahsa , Mashayekhi Hoda , Mashayekhi Yoosof 
Published: August 2019

SummaryBotnets have been recently recognized as one of the most formidable threats on the Internet. Different approaches have been designed to detect these types of attacks. However, as botnets evolve their behavior to mislead the signature‐based detection systems, learning‐based methods may be deployed to provide a generalization capacity in identifying unknown botnets. Developing an adaptable botnet detection system, which incrementally evolves with the incoming flow stream, remains as a challenge. In this paper, a self‐learning botnet detection system is proposed, which uses an adaptable classification model. The system uses an ensemble classifier and, in order to enhance its generalization capacity, updates its model continuously on receiving new unlabeled traffic flows. The system is evaluated with a comprehensive data set, which contains a wide variety of botnets. The experiments demonstrate that the proposed system can successfully adapt in a dynamic environment where new botnet types are observed during the system operation. We also compare the system performance with other methods.
Curcumin mitigates the epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition in biliary epithelial cells through upregulating CD109 expression
Authors: Fan Junyu , Wang Qian , Zhang Zhuoya , Sun Lingyun 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBiliary epithelial cells (BECs) can secrete bile and the epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) of BECs can cause fibrosis or damage interlobular bile ducts, leading to chronic cholangiopathies, such as primary biliary cholangitis (PBC). Transforming growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1) is a potent inducer of the EMT while curcumin, a diarylheptanoid, can inhibit the EMT of hepatocytes in many liver diseases. However, the protection and underlying mechanisms of curcumin against the EMT of BECs have not been clarified. Herein, we show that curcumin treatment significantly mitigates the EMT of BECs in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, curcumin significantly attenuated the TGF‐β1‐induced Smad and Hedgehog signaling, and upregulated CD109 expression in BECs. Collectively, these findings highlighted the therapeutic potential of curcumin to counteract the EMT process in PBC.
CauseSpec: a database of global terrestrial vertebrate cause‐specific mortality
Authors: Hill Jacob E. , Devault Travis L. , Belant Jerrold L. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAs wildlife populations continue to decline worldwide, human‐caused mortality of terrestrial vertebrates is of increasing importance. However, there is a limited understanding of how direct anthropogenic mortality compares in magnitude to natural mortality. Here, we present CauseSpec, a database of global terrestrial vertebrate cause‐specific mortality. We compiled studies that used telemetry to monitor terrestrial vertebrates and determine cause of death. We distinguished between anthropogenic and natural mortality and also documented the specific mortality source where possible (e.g., harvest, vehicle collision, predation, and starvation). This database consists of 1,134 studies that collectively monitored the fates of 123,747 individual animals. From this, there are 43,998 deaths of known cause among 307 species. It is an updated version of the data set used in Hill et al. (2019) and will continue to be updated in the future. These data can be combined with data on species morphology and behavior to examine how species attributes influence susceptibility to various mortality sources. Our database also includes the geographic coordinates of the study site so that site attributes can be included in analyses. We also distinguish between adults and juveniles where possible, allowing for age‐specific mortality analyses. Study start and end dates are available as well so that analyses of temporal changes in mortality are possible. Last, users can select all cause‐specific mortality studies from a single species to perform a species‐level analysis. The data set will allow users to circumvent a literature search, facilitating more rapid publication of large‐scale vertebrate mortality studies and elucidating mortality patterns of terrestrial vertebrates around the world. There are no copyright or proprietary restrictions. We would like researchers to cite this paper if the associated database is used to find studies of interest for analysis.
Context-Dependent Responses of Aquatic Insects to Metals and Metal Mixtures: A Quantitative Analysis Summarizing 24 Yr of Stream Mesocosm Experiments
Authors: Clements William H. , Cadmus Pete , Kotalik Christopher J. , Wolff Brian A. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Modernizing water quality criteria to predict how contaminants affect natural aquatic communities requires that we utilize data obtained across multiple lines of evidence, including laboratory, mesocosm, and field studies. We report the results of 29 mesocosm experiments conducted from 1994 to 2017 at the Colorado State University Stream Research Laboratory (Fort Collins, CO, USA). The primary goal of the present study was to quantify responses of aquatic insect communities collected from 8 different locations to different combinations of cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), and zinc (Zn). Treatments that included Cu or Fe, either alone or in combination with other metals, were especially toxic to aquatic insects. The results showed that effects of metals were context dependent and varied significantly among the 8 sites where communities were collected. In particular, effects on communities from smaller streams were significantly greater than those from larger streams. Our analyses also showed that several morphological (body size, shape, gills, degree of sclerotization) and life history (voltinism) traits were significantly correlated with sensitivity to metals. Across all taxa and experiments, aquatic insects broadly classified as small (maximum body length &lt;8 mm) were significantly more sensitive to metals than medium or large individuals. These findings demonstrate the advantages of integrating results of mesocosm experiments with species traits to develop a mechanistic understanding of biotic and abiotic factors that influence community responses to contaminants. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:2486–2496. © 2019 SETAC
Atlantic Goliath Grouper of Florida: To Fish or Not to Fish
Authors: Koenig Christopher C , Coleman Felicia C , Malinowski Christopher R 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The Atlantic Goliath Grouper Epinephelus itajara, a large indigenous tropical reef fish, approached local extinction in U. S. waters by the 1980s as a result of intense fishing pressure. In 1990, federal and state laws intervened to protect this species. The resulting fishery closure, over the intervening years, allowed limited, slow population recovery in Florida waters while populations outside of the United States remained vulnerable (IUCN 2019). The closure led to the blossoming of a dive ecotourism industry catering to local and international divers seeking opportunities to see and photograph these enormous fish. This fundamentally changes the paradigm for Goliath Grouper from a fishery resource to a non-extractive resource with a commercial value vastly greater than that gained through fishing. While federal and state agencies attempted to re-establish the fishery, all three stock assessments were rejected. Here, we discuss Goliath Grouper's biology, the controversy surrounding its protection, and the drawbacks of re-establishing a fishery including: loss of nursery habitat, increasingly destructive episodic events like red tide and cold snaps, and the effects of mercury contamination on survival. Add to this the human health risk of consuming mercury-contaminated fishes, and the argument supporting re-opening the fishery evaporates.