bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of Carica papaya waste as bio-adsorbent for sewage wastewater treatment
Authors: Nady Doaa Sayed , Abdel-Halim Sally , Hegazy Mohamed-Elamir F. , El-Desouky Mohamed A. , Hanna Demiana H. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractA large amount of wastewater is generated, with the rapid increase in the human population, industrialization, and agricultural development, that leads to a decrease in freshwater amount at an alarming rate. Hence, the current research aims to investigate the effect of the mark of natural bio-sorbent on the improvement of the physicochemical properties of sewage wastewater. The obtained powder was characterized by a Fourier transmission infrared spectrophotometer (FTIR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), and zeta potential. The batch adsorption process was carried out to study the effect of adsorbent dose (0.25–1.5 g/mL) and contact time (0–180 min) at a constant temperature of 23 ± 2 °C and a stirring speed of 150 rpm. After treatment with the obtained powder, the physicochemical properties of wastewater were significantly improved, and 77, 79.2, 95, 37.4, 50, and 38.1% reductions of COD, BOD, TSS, TDS, TN, and TP were reached, respectively, at an adsorbent dose of 0.5 g/500 mL and contact time of 180 min. The adsorption equilibrium data were examined, and the adsorption data was well represented by the Langmuir isotherm model, and the most appropriate kinetic model was pseudo-second order. The current research proves that Carica papaya seeds are considered a potential recyclable adsorbent to improve the physicochemical properties of wastewater.
A Multicenter Randomized Double-Blind Vehicle-Controlled Parallel Group Phase 2 Study Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of GN-037 Cream in Patients with Mild-to-Moderate Plaque Psoriasis
Authors: Engin Burhan , Güler Özden Müge , Karstarlı Bakay Özge Sevil , Kartal Selda Pelin , Zindancı İlkin , Çınar Salih Levent , Dursun Recep , Pehlivan Ulutaş Gizem , Özkök Akbulut Tuğba Özkök , Hapa Fatma Aslı , Bülbül Başkan Emel , Melikoğlu Mehmet , Polat Ekinci Algün , Demirel Öğüt Neslihan , Hızlı Pelin , Türkoğlu Zafer , Küçük Özlem Su , Topkarcı Zeynep , Türsen Ümit , Canpolat Filiz , Uçgun Hanife , Yaşar Şirin , Temiz Selami Aykut , Doğramacı Asena Çiğdem , Altuğ Sedat , Kozlu Serhat , Ulu Nadir , Serdaroğlu Server 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Topical therapies are used in almost all patients with psoriasis. A novel fixed topical combination cream (GN-037) with a lower concentration (0.0356%) of clobetasol 17-propionate (CP) was developed together with urea, salicylic acid, and retinoic acid to provide a better benefit–risk ratio. The present multicenter randomized double-blind vehicle-controlled parallel group phase 2 study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of GN-037 in patients with mild-to-moderate plaque psoriasis (MMPP).

Methods
Patients (n = 190) were randomized (2:2:1) to receive GN-037 or CP or vehicle (V) cream twice daily to a selected target body lesion for 4 weeks. The primary endpoint was treatment success defined as percentage of patients with at least two-grade improvement in Investigator’s Global Assessment Score (IGA) and IGA score equal to 0 or 1 evaluated at weeks 2, 4, 6, and 8 in each arm compared with baseline. Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and safety were evaluated throughout the study.

Results
GN-037 demonstrated statistically significant superiority over V throughout the study. At week 4, treatment success was achieved in 37.9% of patients in the GN-037 arm compared with 29.2% and 9.1% in the CP and V arms, respectively. At least two-grade improvement compared with baseline was achieved by 57.6%, 72.7%, and 80.3% of the patients in the GN-037 arm for erythema, plaque elevation, and scaling, respectively. The mean changes in affected BSA were −2.1 ± 2.9, −1.8 ± 2.4, and −0.5 ± 1.6 in the GN-037, CP, and V arms, respectively. The TEAEs were similar among the arms and the most frequently observed TEAEs were Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) increase in all arms.

Conclusions
GN-037 was more effective than V in achieving primary and all secondary endpoints throughout the study. Safety data did not reveal any new safety concerns with the combination cream product. Therefore, 4 weeks of GN-037 treatment demonstrated an excellent efficacy and safety profile in patients with MMPP.

Trial Registration number
ClinicalTrials.gov identifier, NCT05706870.
SeptAsTERS- SeptiCyte® RAPID as assessment tool for early recognition of sepsis – a prospective observational study
Authors: von der Forst M. , Back L. , Tourelle K.M. , Gruneberg D. , Weigand M.A. , Schmitt F.C.F. , Dietrich Maximilian 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Early recognition of sepsis is critical to patient outcome, with mortality increasing with every hour of delay in treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate the use of a point-of-care molecular host response assay to differentiate sepsis from inflammation after surgery.

Methods
Three molecular host response assays (SeptiCyte® RAPID) were performed in 61 patients after major abdominal surgery with admission to the intensive care unit and drawn blood cultures. The first (T0) was taken ± 3 h around the time of obtaining blood cultures, the second 24 h later (T24) and the third at discharge from the intensive care unit (Tex). The primary endpoint was the agreement of SeptiCyte® RAPID results with the diagnosis of sepsis. SeptiScore® indicates sepsis probability (low risk 0 - high risk 15). Patients were retrospectively classified into sepsis and inflammation by three blinded experts.

Results
25 (42.4%) patients were categorized as “inflammation” and 34 (57.6%) patients as “sepsis”. At T0 and T24 septic patients showed significantly higher mean SeptiScores® of 8.0 (± 2.2 SD) vs. 6.3 (± 2.1 SD) and 8.5 (± 2.1 SD) vs. 6.2 (± 1.8 SD), respectively. The Receiver Operating Curves (ROC) for the ability to discriminate between sepsis and inflammation had an Area Under the Curve (AUC) of 0.71 (T0) and 0.80 (T24).

Conclusion
Embedded in a comprehensive diagnostic algorithm molecular host response analysis could broaden the possibilities for infection diagnostics to differentiate between sepsis and inflammatory response after surgery. But validation in larger cohorts is needed.
U.S. and EU Non-Horizontal Merger Guidelines: A Friendly Game of Leapfrog
Authors: Grzejdziak Łukasz 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The accepted approach of competition law to non-horizontal mergers, largely based on the Chicago School of Antitrust Law and Economics paradigms, is criticized on both sides of the Atlantic as too lenient, disregarding developments of economic theory, and no longer adequate in the reality of the digital economy. Current economic research confirms the legitimacy of fears about the effects of non-horizontal concentrations that were raised before the Chicago School put them into doubt. The disbelief in the accuracy of the former US non-horizontal mergers policy resulted in the Federal Trade Commission and the Antitrust Division of the Department of Justice adopting new Vertical Merger Guidelines. The changes introduced were considered insufficient, which led to the unilateral repeal of the guidelines by the FTC and the start of work on new guidelines introducing a stricter approach. The new U.S. 2023 Merger Guidelines introduced far-reaching changes taking into account the modern views of economists and empirical research on vertical mergers. Comparatively, the EU Commission’s Non–Horizontal Merger Guidelines still do not fully correspond to what empirical research and contemporary economic theories say about the possible effects of vertical mergers. Thus, the revision of the EU guidelines seems necessary.
Shipping the Color Line: Migration and Transport Policy in the British Empire, 1943–51
Authors: Foks Freddy 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis article looks again at the history of British migration policy in the 1940s and 1950s by centering international and imperial politics, and by drawing on archives related to shipping. These sources suggest that the British government sought to reactivate a system of race-segregated mobility across the Empire-Commonwealth after the Second World War. This involved subsidizing fares for emigrants bound for Australia, transporting migrants from Europe to the UK, and withdrawing shipping from routes that connected the Caribbean to the UK. Very soon, however, these policies came under strain. There were not enough deep-sea ships to meet demand for berths to Australia or to bring over recruited European migrants. Then the Australian government found new ways to ship migrants from continental Europe by signing a deal with the International Refugee Organization, challenging UK policy to keep Australian immigration British. Meanwhile, new routes were opened up from the Caribbean and South Asia to the UK. These trends raised a host of dilemmas for policymakers and all related to transport infrastructure. Thinking about transport can deepen our understanding of migration history, and the article's conclusion suggests some of the ways that taking such an approach can contribute to existing explanations for the government's fateful decision to amend the UK's nationality and citizenship legislation during the 1960s.
Revisiting the impact of singularity on the Identified Victim Effect: Replication and extension of Kogut and Ritov (2005a) Study 2
Authors: Majumder Rajarshi , Tai Yik Long , Ziano Ignazio , Feldman Gilad 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The identified victim effect is the phenomenon in which people tend to contribute more to identified than to unidentified victims. Kogut and Ritov (Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, 18(3), 157–167, 2005) found that the identified victim effect was limited to a single victim and driven by empathic emotions. In a pre-registered experiment with an online U.S. American MTurk sample on CloudResearch (N = 2003), we conducted a close replication and extension of Experiment 2 from Kogut and Ritov (Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, 18(3), 157–167, 2005). The replication findings failed to provide empirical support for the identified single victim effect hypothesis since we found no evidence of differences in willingness to contribute when comparing a single identified victim to a single unidentified victim (η2p = .00, 90% CI [0.00, 0.00]), and no indication for the target article’s interaction between singularity and identifiability (original: η2p = .062, 90% CI [0.01, 0.15]; replication: η2p = .00, 90% CI [0.00, 0.00]). Extending the replication to conduct a conceptual replication of Kogut and Ritov (Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 104(2), 150–157, 2007), we investigated a boundary condition of the effect—group belonging. We found support for an ingroup bias in helping behaviors and indications for empathic emotions and perceived responsibility contributing to this effect. We discuss differences between our study and the target article and implications for the literature on the identified victim effect.
A cryptic elapid snake persists in the wake of catastrophic wildfires
Authors: Hodgson Mitchell J. , Ross Alexandra K. , Lapwong Yingyod , Cuartas Santiago , Roberts Bridget , Price Owen , Webb Jonathan , Sentinella Nicola , Lee Joshua , Laffan Shawn W. , Burley Hugh M. , McIntosh Finlay , Letnic Mike 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The increased severity and frequency of bushfires accompanying human-induced global warming have dire implications for biodiversity conservation. Here we investigate the response of a cryptic, cool-climate elapid, the mustard-bellied snake Drysdalia rhodogaster, to the extensive Black Summer fires of 2019/2020 in south-eastern Australia. The species is categorized as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List (last assessed in 2017), but because a large part of its range was burnt during the Black Summer and little was known about its ecology, D. rhodogaster was identified as a priority species for post-fire impact assessment. We evaluated three lines of evidence to assess the impact of the Black Summer fires on D. rhodogaster. Habitat suitability modelling indicated that c. 46% of the predicted range of the species was affected by bushfire. Field surveys conducted 9–36 months post-fire and collation of records from public databases submitted 0–24 months post-fire indicated that D. rhodogaster persisted in burnt landscapes. Fire severity and proportion of the landscape that was burnt within a 1,000-m radius of survey sites were poor predictors of site occupancy by D. rhodogaster. Although conclusions regarding the effects of fire on D. rhodogaster are limited because of the lack of baseline data, it is evident that the species has persisted across the landscape in the wake of extensive bushfires. Our work highlights the need for baseline knowledge on cryptic species even when they are categorized as Least Concern, as otherwise assessments of the impacts of catastrophic events will be constrained.
Cannabis use and cognitive biases in people with first-episode psychosis and their siblings
Authors: Roldan L. , Sánchez-Gutiérrez T. , Fernández-Arias I. , Rodríguez-Toscano E. , López G. , Merchán-Naranjo J. , Calvo A. , Rapado-Castro M. , Parellada M. , Moreno C. , Ferraro L. , La Barbera D. , La Cascia C. , Tripoli G. , Di Forti M. , Murray R.M. , Quattrone D. , Morgan C. , Gayer-Anderson C. , Jones P. B. , Jongsma H.E. , Kirkbride J.B. , van Os J. , García-Portilla P. , Al-Halabí S. , Bobes J. , de Haan L. , Bernardo M. , Santos J.L. , Sanjuán J. , Arrojo M. , Szoke A. , Rutten B.P. , Stilo S. A. , Tarricone I. , Lasalvia A. , Tosato S. , Llorca P.-M. , Menezes P. Rossi , Selten J-P , Tortelli A. , Velthorst E. , Del-Ben C.M. , Arango C. , Díaz-Caneja C. M. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundCannabis use and familial vulnerability to psychosis have been associated with social cognition deficits. This study examined the potential relationship between cannabis use and cognitive biases underlying social cognition and functioning in patients with first episode psychosis (FEP), their siblings, and controls.MethodsWe analyzed a sample of 543 participants with FEP, 203 siblings, and 1168 controls from the EU-GEI study using a correlational design. We used logistic regression analyses to examine the influence of clinical group, lifetime cannabis use frequency, and potency of cannabis use on cognitive biases, accounting for demographic and cognitive variables.ResultsFEP patients showed increased odds of facial recognition processing (FRP) deficits (OR = 1.642, CI 1.123–2.402) relative to controls but not of speech illusions (SI) or jumping to conclusions (JTC) bias, with no statistically significant differences relative to siblings. Daily and occasional lifetime cannabis use were associated with decreased odds of SI (OR = 0.605, CI 0.368–0.997 and OR = 0.646, CI 0.457–0.913 respectively) and JTC bias (OR = 0.625, CI 0.422–0.925 and OR = 0.602, CI 0.460–0.787 respectively) compared with lifetime abstinence, but not with FRP deficits, in the whole sample. Within the cannabis user group, low-potency cannabis use was associated with increased odds of SI (OR = 1.829, CI 1.297–2.578, FRP deficits (OR = 1.393, CI 1.031–1.882, and JTC (OR = 1.661, CI 1.271–2.171) relative to high-potency cannabis use, with comparable effects in the three clinical groups.ConclusionsOur findings suggest increased odds of cognitive biases in FEP patients who have never used cannabis and in low-potency users. Future studies should elucidate this association and its potential implications.
Adjusting to dementia as part of life: an actantial analysis of agency reconstruction following diagnosis of young onset dementia
Authors: Hautsalo Katja , Pirhonen Jari , Pietilä Ikka 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The agency of a person with young onset dementia (YOD) changes owing to individual symptoms, uncertainty about the speed of progression and the severity of YOD. Dementia usually greatly interrupts life and reduces agency. Previous studies show that some people and families integrate and cope with dementia better than others. This study aimed to find out how YOD changes the agency of the person who has it and what family members’ role is in forming their agency. The data were collected in Finland in semi-structured interviews with 14 people with YOD and 15 family members, about a year after the diagnosis. These two data sets were analysed with a narrative method, actantial analysis. A wide variety of elements, both human and non-human factors, were found to promote and undermine agency. It was found that people with YOD need both integrity and flexibility to reconstruct their own agency. Resources support them in this process of reconstruction, and hinderers interrupt the process. This combination of integrity and flexibility, resources and hinderers, generates how people with YOD recount the future, the aims they set and how they reconstruct their agency. Other people, especially family members, are part of this dynamic process and when their relationship is cohesive, the agency of both parties increases. The participants used ideal and burdensome storylines to narrate factors that supported or interrupted their agency. Based on our findings, narrating one’s situation is, for coping, not only a means but its very basis.
The Tragedy Trap: On the Tragicized Politics of Nuclear Weapons and Armed Drones and the Making of Unaccountability
Authors: Pelopidas Benoît , Renic Neil C. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe discourse of tragedy has significant value in a military context, reminding us of the temptations of hubris, the prevalence of moral dilemmas, and the inescapable limits of foresight. Today, however, this discourse is drawn upon too heavily. Within the tragicized politics of nuclear and drone violence, foreseeable and solvable problems are reconceptualized as intractable dilemmas, and morally accountable agents are reframed as powerless observers. The tragedy discourse, when wrongly applied by policymakers and the media, indulges the very hubris the tragic recognition is intended to caution against. This article clarifies the limits of “tragedy” in the context of military violence and argues for a renewed focus on political responsibility.
Rethinking International Order
Authors: Zarakol Ayşe 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis essay focuses on the concept of “international order” and its uses and misuses. It argues that the concept of “order” should not be conflated with the concept of a “system,” and that it makes more sense to speak of world order than international order because the former accommodates political units beyond the nation-state. Drawing on my recent book Before the West (2022) I show how the concept of “world order” travels better in history and also speculate about how it can help us think about the future as well.
The Liberal International Order as an Imposition: A Postcolonial Reading
Authors: Benabdallah Lina 
Published: November 2024

AbstractCracks in the liberal international order (LIO) have been occurring since its very formation. Yet, some international relations scholarship frames the narrative about imminent threats to the LIO as if such threats were new. From a postcolonial vantage point, this essay contends that mainstream theorizing about international order is problematically Eurocentric and develops a three-pronged argument. In the first place, the essay argues for understanding order as a command or as an imposition. Order as a command renders visible power disparities, injustices, and inequalities of the international order as seen by actors from below. Second, the essay leans on Edward Said's contrapuntal reading method to show that experiences of order are plural rather than singular or universal. Third, the essay argues that from a postcolonial perspective, the opposite of order is not chaos or volatility but rather agency or the authorship to be a rule maker. A full picture of order as imposition requires understanding how togetherness and sameness are modes for Global South actors to find collective unity to resist the injustices and inequalities of the LIO.
Notes on the origin of a fragmentary pontifical
Authors: Albiero Laura 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis article examines a group of seventy-two fragments from a twelfth-century pontifical whose attribution is under discussion. They contain part of the dedication of a church, the ordo synodalis, and the ordines for the sick, marriage and baptism, and they display neumatic notation on red lines. The fragments are kept at the Bibliothèque nationale de France: five of them are now in NAL 1989, while the remaining sixty-seven are kept in a temporary repository and have not been inventoried yet. As regards their origin, the fragments have been assigned either to northern France or to England. The article considers textual concordances, as well as palaeographical and musical features, in order to reconstruct their context of production, and leaves room for methodological observations.
A Low Albedo, Thin, Resistant Unit in Oxia Planum, Mars: Evidence for an Airfall Deposit and Late‐Stage Groundwater Activity at the ExoMars Rover Landing Site
Authors: Harris E. , Davis J. M. , Grindrod P. M. , Fawdon P. , Roberts A. L. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractOxia Planum, Mars, is the future landing site of the ExoMars Rosalind Franklin rover mission, which will search for preserved biosignatures in a phyllosilicate‐bearing unit. Overlying the mission‐important phyllosilicate‐bearing rocks is a dark, capping unit—known here as the Low albedo, Thin, Resistant (LTR) unit—which may have protected the phyllosilicate‐bearing unit over geologic time from solar insolation and radiation. However, little is known about the origin of the LTR unit. Here, we map the LTR unit and investigate its distribution and morphology across 50,000 km2 using a variety of orbital remote sensing data sets. The characteristics of the LTR unit include draping palaeo‐topographic surfaces, deposition over a wide elevation range, and a consistent vertical thickness that can be best explained by airfall deposition including a primary or reworked volcanic palaeo‐ashfall. Previous research suggests that the LTR unit was not significantly buried, and we find it to be preferentially preserved with a high mechanical strength in discrete deposits representing palaeo‐topographic lows. We suggest this could be attributed to localized cementation via upwelling groundwater. This scenario suggests that most of the phyllosilicate‐bearing exposures may not have been protected over geologic time, as the uncemented LTR sediment would have easily been removed by erosion. However, our observations indicate that the scarped margins of the LTR unit deposits probably exposed regions of the once protected phyllosilicate‐bearing unit. These areas could be key science targets for the ExoMars Rosalind Franklin rover mission.