bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
One‐Year symptom outcomes after sialolithiasis treatment with sialendoscopy‐assisted salivary duct surgery
Authors: Ryan William R. , Plonowska Karolina A. , Gurman Zev R. , Aubin‐Pouliot Annick , Chang Jolie L. 
Published: August 2018

ObjectivesFor chronic obstructive sialadenitis, there is a paucity of long‐term prospective evidence of disease‐specific symptom outcomes after sialendoscopy‐assisted salivary duct surgery (SASDS). We prospectively assessed patients with sialolithiasis before and at 3 months and 1 year after SASDS using the Chronic Obstructive Sialadenitis Symptoms (COSS) questionnaire.MethodsA prospective cohort study of adult patients with sialolithiasis who underwent SASDS and completed the COSS questionnaire over a 1‐year follow‐up period. The COSS questionnaire consists of 20 disease‐specific symptom questions. COSS score outcomes were classified by complete, partial, and nonresolution, as well as by clinically significant improvement.ResultsNinety‐six patients underwent SASDS in 110 glands, of which 69 glands (63%) had findings of sialolithiasis. The following median COSS scores were reported for sialolithiasis glands: preoperative, 27.5 (interquartile range [IQR]: 12.5–44); 3 months, 1 (IQR: 0–5); and 1 year, 1 (IQR: 0–5.5). Patients with sialolithiasis reported statistically significant improvements in COSS scores from preoperative to 3 months post‐SASDS (P > 0.05). A vast majority of patients maintained this improvement from 3 months to 1 year, indicating durability. Complete resolution of symptoms was attained in 95% and 85% of glands at 3 months and 1 year, respectively. Open/hybrid compared to endoscopic‐only sialolithiasis extraction achieved similar 3‐month and 1‐year COSS outcomes. Potential risk factors for symptom persistence after SASDS included nonreachable parenchymal sialoliths and concurrent inflammatory disease and/or stenosis.ConclusionSASDS for sialolithiasis extraction is associated with durable, long‐term benefit regardless of endoscopic or open technique or sialolith location, suggesting that subsequent ductal stenosis from iatrogenic or sialolithiasis‐related inflammation fibrosis is unlikely.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 129:396–402, 2019
One‐year outcomes of sialendoscopic‐assisted salivary duct surgery for sialadenitis without sialolithiasis
Authors: Plonowska Karolina A. , Gurman Zev R. , Humphrey Amanda , Chang Jolie L. , Ryan William R. 
Published: August 2018

ObjectivesTo prospectively examine durability of long‐term outcomes in sialendoscopy‐assisted salivary duct surgery (SASDS) in chronic obstructive sialadenitis without sialolithiasis (COSWS).MethodsA prospective cohort study of adult patients with COSWS who completed Chronic Obstructive Sialadenitis Symptoms (COSS) Questionnaire prior to and at 3 months and 1 year following SASDS. COSS scores scaled to 0 to 100 were analyzed by statistically significant improvements and previously published ranges corresponding to complete, partial, and nonresolution of symptoms.ResultsTwenty‐nine patients with COSWS affecting 41 glands had statistically significant improvements in COSS scores at 3 months following SASDS. These improvements usually were sustained at 1 year, supporting durability of treatment effect over time. A majority of cases (30 of 41, 73%) achieved at least a partial resolution of sialadenitis symptoms (COSS score ≤ 25) at 1‐year follow‐up. Symptom improvement after SASDS was noted in 14 of 18 (78%) glands with radioiodine‐induced sialadenitis (RAI‐IS). The highest proportion of persistent or recurrent disease at 1‐year post‐SASDS was found in autoimmune sialadenitis (2 of 4, 50%) and glands with proximal or multifocal stenoses (6 of 12, 50%). At 1 year, distal duct stenoses achieved a significantly higher proportion of partial or complete symptom resolution (18 of 21, 86%) than cases with proximal or multifocal stenoses (6 of 12, 50%; P = 0.044).ConclusionsSASDS is effective in reducing symptoms in duct stenosis and RAI‐IS, usually with durable treatment benefits at long‐term follow‐up. Distal stenoses appear to be more amenable to sialendoscopic treatment, achieving greater symptom reduction than proximal/multifocal stenoses. Additional larger multi‐center studies are needed to further characterize risk factors for COSWS refractory to SASDS.Level of Evidence2 Laryngoscope, 129:890–896, 2019
Image acquisition for intravoxel incoherent motion imaging of kidneys should be triggered at the instant of maximum blood velocity: evidence obtained with simulations and in vivo experiments
Authors: Milani Bastien , Ledoux Jean‐Baptiste , Rotzinger David C. , Kanemitsu Michiko , Vallée Jean‐Paul , Burnier Michel , Pruijm Menno 
Published: August 2018

PurposeTo demonstrate that diffusion‐weighted images should be acquired at the instant of maximum blood velocity in kidneys to extract the perfusion fraction (PF) by the bi‐exponential intravoxel incoherent motion model.MethodsThe PF values were measured in Monte‐Carlo simulations corresponding to different blood velocities with a constant known PF. The distribution of the measured PF values (PF‐distribution) was characterized quantitatively by 3 markers highlighting the deviation of the measurement from the true PF. Diffusion‐weighted images of kidneys were acquired in 10 healthy volunteers at the instant of maximal respectively minimal blood velocity in the renal artery (Vmax versus Vmin acquisition). The PF‐distributions measured from the Vmax and Vmin acquisitions were compared mutually and with simulated PF‐distributions using the 3 markers. A radiologist evaluated the quality of the PF maps.ResultsThe PF‐distributions measured in the simulations were spread around the true PF value, and spreading was reduced as blood velocity increased. A comparison between simulated and in vivo PF‐distributions suggests that a similar phenomenon is plausible in vivo. The quality of the PF maps of the Vmax‐acquisition was scored higher by the radiologist than those of the Vmin‐acquisition in 95% of cases (19 of 20).ConclusionsThe PF maps are of better quality when the Vmax‐acquisition is used. We show evidence supporting the hypothesis that the variation of PF along the cardiac cycle is due to oscillations between a poor estimation when the blood velocity is low, and a better estimation when blood velocity is higher.
Inherited pathogenic mitochondrial DNA mutations and gastrointestinal stem cell populations
Authors: Su Tianhong , Grady John P , Afshar Sorena , McDonald Stuart AC , Taylor Robert W , Turnbull Doug M , Greaves Laura C 
Published: August 2018

AbstractInherited mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations cause mitochondrial disease, but mtDNA mutations also occur somatically and accumulate during ageing. Studies have shown that the mutation load of some inherited mtDNA mutations decreases over time in blood, suggesting selection against the mutation. However, it is unknown whether such selection occurs in other mitotic tissues, and where it occurs within the tissue. Gastrointestinal epithelium is a canonical mitotic tissue rapidly renewed by stem cells. Intestinal crypts (epithelium) undergo monoclonal conversion with a single stem cell taking over the niche and producing progeny. We show: (1) that there is a significantly lower mtDNA mutation load in the mitotic epithelium of the gastrointestinal tract when compared to the smooth muscle in the same tissue in patients with the pathogenic m.3243A>G and m.8344A>G mutations; (2) that there is considerable variation seen in individual crypts, suggesting changes in the stem cell population; (3) that this lower mutation load is reflected in the absence of a defect in oxidative phosphorylation in the epithelium. This suggests that there is selection against inherited mtDNA mutations in the gastrointestinal stem cells that is in marked contrast to the somatic mtDNA mutations that accumulate with age in epithelial stem cells leading to a biochemical defect. © 2018 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Generalized dynamic observers for quasi‐LPV systems with unmeasurable scheduling functions
Authors: Pérez‐Estrada A.‐J. , Osorio‐Gordillo G.‐L. , Darouach M. , Alma M. , Olivares‐Peregrino V.‐H. 
Published: August 2018

SummaryThis paper presents a generalized dynamic observer design for polytopic quasi–linear parameter‐varying systems where the parameters are depending on unmeasured state variables. It generalizes the existing results on the proportional observers and proportional‐integral observers. Conditions of existence and stability are given through the Lyapunov approach. Its design is obtained in terms of a set of linear matrix inequalities. A semiactive suspension example illustrates the performance and effectiveness of the proposed approach.
High‐Performance SERS Substrate Based on Hierarchical 3D Cu Nanocrystals with Efficient Morphology Control
Authors: Zhao Xiaohui , Deng Min , Rao Gaofeng , Yan Yichao , Wu Chunyang , Jiao Yu , Deng Anqing , Yan Chaoyi , Huang Jianwen , Wu Songhao , Chen Wei , Lei Tianyu , Xu Ping , He Weidong , Xiong Jie 
Published: August 2018

AbstractCu nanocrystals of various shapes are synthesized via a universal, eco‐friendly, and facile colloidal method on Al substrates using hexadecylamine (HDA) as a capping agent and glucose as a reductant. By tuning the concentration of the capping agent, hierarchical 3D Cu nanocrystals show pronounced surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) through the concentrated hot spots at the sharp tips and gaps due to the unique 3D structure and the resulting plasmonic couplings. Intriguingly, 3D sword‐shaped Cu crystals have the highest enhancement factor (EF) because of their relatively uniform size distribution and alignment. This work opens new pathways for efficiently realizing morphology control for Cu nanocrystals as highly efficient SERS platforms.
Is there any correlation between venipuncture sites and complications of central venous port placement in the chest wall?
Authors: Yamamoto Yuta , Orii Takashi , Yoshimura Masaki , Kitahara Hiroe , Karasawa Yukihiko 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACT

Background:
Central venous (CV) port is an integral part of chemotherapy and parenteral treatment, for long-term venous access. It is still unclear whether there is a correlation between venipuncture sites, and complications and patency of the CV port placed in the chest wall.

Methods:
Two-hundred and sixty-nine patients, who underwent CV port placement in their chest wall, were reviewed retrospectively in this study. They were divided into two groups, the S (subclavian vein) group and I (internal jugular vein) group, according to the venipuncture site. We analyzed the data from the medical records and examined the differences in complications between the two groups.

Results:
The median event free period among all patients was 228 days (range: 5–1877), the cumulative follow-up period was 97,176 catheter days. There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of sex, age, body mass index (BMI), primary disease, reason for implant, past history of diabetes mellitus and occurrence of procedural complications. The median event free days were 200.0 (6–1846) in the S group and 246.0 (5–1877) days in the I group. The rate of event-free port availability after one, two and three years was 84.6, 74.0 and 66.5% in the S group, and 84.4, 80.3 and 80.3% in the I group respectively, which were not significantly different between the two groups.

Conclusions:
Complications of CV port placement have no correlation with the subclavian or jugular vein puncture sites.

Highlights:
Well-Oiled Protest: Adding Fuel to Political Conflicts in Niger
Authors: Schritt Jannik 
Published: August 2018

Abstract:The article focuses on disputes and protests around the inauguration of Niger’s first oil refinery in late 2011. Drawing on theory of the resource curse and the literature on African politics and the state, it analyzes the transformative potential of oil in Nigerien politics and society, showing how oil was received in an already well-structured political arena, sparking political conflicts rather than conflicts about oil. With the start of oil production adding fuel to these conflicts, it argues that in oil’s immediate presence, historically sedimented politics were played out through the idiom of oil, through which not only is oil-age Niger made a social and political reality, but political difference is also reconstructed, and patterns of domination are reinforced.
Analysis of emergency department length of stay for mental health visits: A case study of a Canadian academic hospital
Authors: Baia Medeiros Deyvison T. , Hahn-Goldberg Shoshana , O’Connor Erin , Aleman Dionne M. 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe objective of this study was to examine temporal trends in mental health visits to the emergency department (ED) and to determine differences in length of stay (LOS) between mental health visits and visits for non-mental health conditions.MethodsA population-based retrospective study was conducted for patients who visited the ED of an academic hospital located in Toronto, ON, between fiscal years 2012 and 2016. Trends in the number of visits and descriptive statistics were calculated for both mental health and non-mental health groups. Quantile regression was used to compare the median and 90th percentile LOS.ResultsIn five years, the absolute increase in the number of mental health visits to the ED was 55.7%. The 90th percentile LOS was similar for mental and non-mental health visits that were internally transferred (10.7 hours v. 8.3 hours) but significantly higher for those who were discharged (11.4 hours v. 7.3 hours), admitted (52.6 hours v. 29.3 hours), and externally transferred (21.9 hours v. 10.0 hours). After adjusting for other variables, the 90th percentile LOS was 3.3 hours longer for mental health visits resulting in discharge (p<0.001), 24.5 hours longer for those admitted (p<0.001), and 12.7 hours longer for those externally transferred (p<0.001).ConclusionThe number of mental health visits to the ED is linearly increasing over time, and the LOS in the ED is significantly longer for mental health visits for almost all discharge dispositions. Thus, systematic changes are needed to address the ED capacity to provide care for the growing mental health population.
Improvement of Centrifugal Pump Performance by Using Different Impeller Diffuser Angles with and Without Vanes
Authors: Khoeini D. , Shirani E. , Joghataei M. 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACTThis study aims at improving the performance of a centrifugal pump by using different angular diffusers on the downstream side of the centrifugal pump impeller. Numerical and experimental studies have been carried out on different vaned and non-vaned diffuser with three different wall divergence angle (α) of 0°, 5° and 10° to achieve that purpose. The data analyses show good agreement between the numerical and experimental results. They reveal profound effect of the divergence angle (α) of angular vaned diffuser on the head and overall efficiency of centrifugal pumps especially at high flow rates as they broaden operating region of the centrifugal pump. In fact it is found that the head and overall efficiency of impeller with vaned diffuser α = 10° enhance by 15.4 and 9 percent respectively compared to that of centrifugal pump with no vaned diffuser at high flow rates. Furthermore the head and overall efficiency of impeller with vaned diffuser α = 10° increase by 5.7 and 7 percent respectively in comparison with the impeller with vaned diffuser α = 0°.
Paleoecological Significance of Complex Fossil Associations of the Eldonioid Pararotadiscus guizhouensis with other Faunal Members of the Kaili Biota (Stage 5, Cambrian, South China)
Authors: Zhao Yuanlong , Wang Mingkun , LoDuca Steven T. , Yang Xinglian , Yang Yuning , Liu Yujuan , Cheng Xin 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe planktonic medusiform taxon Pararotadiscus guizhouensis (Zhao and Zhu, 1994) is one of the most abundant components of the Kaili Biota. Many specimens are in direct association with other taxa, including trilobites, brachiopods, hyolithids, echinoderms, and algae, as well as the trace fossil Gordia. Four types of interrelationships between P. guizhouensis and associated fossils are recognized: symbiosis, co-burial, attachment of benthic taxa on P. guizhouensis carcasses, and scavenging of P. guizhouensis carcasses. These associations of P. guizhouensis within the Kaili Biota are unique among occurrences of medusiform fossils in Burgess Shale-type biotas worldwide and provide important insights concerning ecological complexity in the Kaili Biota and in Cambrian marine communities in general.
New well-preserved scleritomes of Chancelloriida from early Cambrian Guanshan Biota, eastern Yunnan, China
Authors: Zhao Jun , Li Guo-Biao , Selden Paul A. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractA large number of well-preserved chancelloriid scleritomes from the Guanshan biota, early Cambrian of Yunnan, China, are described as a new species,Allonnia tenuisn. sp., and provide solid evidence for the original appearance of these enigmatic animals, based on specimens compacted laterally and top-down. With the assistance of a flexible integument, chancelloriids, especiallyAllonniafrom early and middle Cambrian, may have had the ability to partially or completely expand and contract the body, which might have played an important role in feeding. A new metazoan with single-element spines,Nidelric gaoloufangensisn. sp., is also described. Preservation and affinity are discussed. Detailed comparison of the morphology of the body and spines of this metazoan indicate that it shares many similarities with chancelloriids, of which it may be an unusual form.UUID:http://zoobank.org/2708d95a-1fae-46fc-afea-9707ae97a4d7
The principle of canonical orientation: a cross-linguistic study
Authors: ALSHEHRI ALI , BOHNEMEYER JUERGEN , MOORE RANDI , PÉREZ BÁEZ GABRIELA 
Published: August 2018

abstractThis paper presents a cross-linguistic investigation of a constraint on the use on intrinsic frames of reference proposed by Levelt (1984, 1996). This proposed constraint claims that use of intrinsic frames when the ground object is in non-canonical position is blocked due to conflict with gravitational-based reference frames. Regression models of the data from Arabic, K’iche’, Spanish, Yucatec, and Zapotec suggest that this constraint is valid across languages. However, the strength at which the constraint operates is predicted by the frequency of canonical intrinsic frames in the particular language. The ratio of the incidence of intrinsic usage with canonical vs. non-canonical orientation appears to be remarkably uniform across languages, which suggests the possibility of a strong cognitive universal.
Geodesic Flows Modelled by Expansive Flows
Authors: Gelfert Katrin , Ruggiero Rafael O. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractGiven a smooth compact surface without focal points and of higher genus, it is shown that its geodesic flow is semi-conjugate to a continuous expansive flow with a local product structure such that the semi-conjugation preserves time parametrization. It is concluded that the geodesic flow has a unique measure of maximal entropy.
MODEL INSTITUTIONS AND THE GEOGRAPHY OF SOCIAL REFORM IN EARLY VICTORIAN BRITAIN
Authors: CROOK TOM 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThis article reconsiders the nature and novelty of social reform in Britain during the early Victorian period. Historians have long ceased to debate the period in terms of a ‘revolution in government’, or the beginnings of a welfare state. Instead, the current consensus presents a picture of only modest, fitful change. Neither the state, nor the overall ideological landscape, was radically transformed. This article seeks to reinject a sense of transformative change back into these decades. It does so by examining a neglected facet of this otherwise richly served period of social reform: the formation and functioning of a series of self-styled ‘model’ institutions that spanned the fields of education, prisons, housing, and sanitation. In particular, what the use of these model institutions brings into sharp focus are the radical changes that occurred in the geography of social reform, which at this point began to develop according to multiple spatial relations, extending at once within and beyond Britain. Between them, they helped to engineer a truly cosmopolitan culture of social policy-making, which was both multi-directional – policies flowed outwards and inwards – and composed of multiple relations, national, imperial, and transnational.
Proteomic profile associated with cell death induced by androgens in Taenia crassiceps cysticerci: proposed interactome
Authors: Ambrosio J.R. , Palacios-Arreola M.I. , Ríos-Valencia D.G. , Reynoso-Ducoing O. , Nava-Castro K.E. , Ostoa-Saloma P. , Morales-Montor J. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractAndrogens have been shown to exert a cysticidal effect uponTaenia crassiceps, an experimental model of cysticercosis. To further inquire into this matter, theTaenia crassicepsmodel was used to evaluate the expression of several proteins after testosterone (T4) and dihydrotestosterone (DHT)in vitrotreatment. Under 2-D proteomic maps, parasite extracts were resolved into approximately 130 proteins distributed in a molecular weight range of 10–250 kDa and isoelectrical point range of 3–10. The resultant proteomic pattern was analysed, and significant changes were observed in response to T4 and DHT. Based on our experience with electrophoretic patterns and proteomic maps of cytoskeletal proteins, alteration in the expression of isoforms of actin, tubulin and paramyosin and of other proteins was assessed. Considering that androgens may exert their biological activity in taeniids through the non-specific progesterone receptor membrane component (PGRMC), we harnessed bioinformatics to propose the identity of androgen-regulated proteins and establish their hypothetical physiological role in the parasites. These analyses yield a possible explanation of how androgens exert their cysticidal effects through changes in the expression of proteins involved in cytoskeletal rearrangement, dynamic vesicular traffic and transduction of intracellular signals.
Comparative efficacy of ivermectin and Nigella sativa against helminths in Aseel chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus)
Authors: Angel C. , Akhter N. , Arijo A. , Qureshi T.A. , Gandahi J.A. , Qazi I.H. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractIn this study, we evaluated the in vivo comparative efficacy of ivermectin and Nigella sativa extract against helminths in Aseel chickens, and the effects of helminths on blood parameters before and after treatment in Aseel chickens. Forty naturally infected adult Aseel chickens were randomly divided into four groups (n = 10 each): group A (ivermectin at 300 μg/kg); group B (N. sativa extract at 200 mg/kg); group C (ivermectin at 300 μg/kg + N. sativa extract at 200 mg/kg); group D was kept as a positive control to monitor time-related changes. On day 28 post treatment, the mean percentages of faecal egg-count reduction (FECR %) in groups A, B and C were recorded as 93.58, 88.09 and 100.00%, respectively. Further data analysis showed significantly higher efficacy in group C (100 ± 0.00%) than in groups A and B (P &lt; 0.001). Highly significant (P &lt; 0.001) improvements in mean percentage values of packed cell volume (PCV %) were recorded in groups A and C on days 14 and 28 post treatment. Meanwhile, the improvements in mean values of haemoglobin (Hb) concentration in groups A, B and C were highly significant (P &lt; 0.001) when compared to that of group D on day 28 post treatment. The synergistic combination of ivermectin and N. sativa extract possessed greater efficacy than either ivermectin or N. sativa extract used alone. Furthermore, both PCV % and Hb concentration values gradually increased in the treated groups compared to the control group, in which PCV % and Hb concentration gradually decreased throughout the trial.