bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nearly half of all severe fetal anomalies can be detected by first-trimester screening in experts’ hands
Authors: Chen Frank C.-K. , Bacovsky Alexandra , Entezami Michael , Henrich Wolfgang 
Published: June 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the detection rate of severe fetal anomalies at the first-trimester screening (FTS) and, vice versa, to evaluate the follow-up of pathological results at FTS at the time of mid-trimester screening (MTS) and throughout pregnancy and delivery in a partially selected population of low-risk pregnancies.MethodsWe conducted a prospective study on the detection of severe fetal anomalies at routine FTS in 9891 pregnant women with 10,294 fetuses between 11 + 0 and 13 + 6 weeks of gestation. The findings of FTS were compared to the results of MTS and pregnancy and neonatal outcomes. Only cases with severe fetal anomalies were taken for statistical analysis in this study.ResultsThere were 232 cases of fetal anomaly altogether. At the time of FTS, sonographic anomalies were diagnosed in 113 cases and further ultrasound controls arranged. In four cases, fetal anomaly was not confirmed by MTS; in the remaining 109 cases, the sonographic anomaly seen at FTS was confirmed at MTS and in the course of pregnancy with a resulting sensitivity for fetal malformation at FTS of 47.8%, a specificity of 99.96%, a positive predictive value of 96.5% and a negative predictive value of 98.8%.ConclusionFTS can detect almost half of all severe fetal anomalies at an early stage of pregnancy with positive predictive values of 90% and more. Sensitivities varied depending on the organ system and reached the highest figures for anomalies of the heart, the abdomen, the spine and the skeletal system.
The Sphinx and the She-Wolf: Some Remarks on Aetolian Politics after the Antiochian War
Authors: Mitropoulos Giorgos S. 
Published: June 2019

SummaryThis article aims to examine the turbulent course of the Aetolian League in the confused years after the Antiochian War (191–188) up until 160/159, when its leader at the time, Lykiskos, passed away. Military defeats, political developments and economic problems will be studied together in order to form an accurate interpretation of the internal strife inside theKoinon. In addition, the factor of Rome also needs to be taken into consideration, as the new power seems to have adopted a cautious stance, intervening in the League’s internal politics only when it was considered necessary. Prominent (and relatively neglected in the modern literature) Aetolians of this era, like Thoas and Lykiskos, as well as their crucial political roles, are also analysed.
A note on the structure of a finite group G having a subgroup H maximal in 〈H, Hg〉
Authors: Xu Yong , Li Xianhua , Chen Guiyun 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Let G be a finite group and H ≤ G. The authors study the structure of finite groups G having a subgroup H which is maximal in 〈H, Hg〉 for some g ∈ G. Some results on the structure of 〈H, Hg〉 and G are set up. Especially, a generalization of Baer′s theorem is established.
Recruitment in the Times of Machine Learning
Authors: Rąb-Kettler Karolina , Lehnervp Bada 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
How do socio-economic change and technological revolution change the way we manage people. How does the development of AI (Artificial Intelligence) affect the process of talent acquisition? The author will present the concepts of technological unemployment, creative class, millennials (generation Y), humanistic management, sustainable development, CSR and new managerial models in light of current social changes. Humanistic management as a broader concept, and humanistic talent attraction as its direct implication, will be presented as an answer to the current technological development. The author presents a narrower topic of human resources management but sees potential in the topic to develop a discussion on future of work in a broader sense.
Total Sustainability Management. Describing the Conditions, Requirements and Application of Sustainability Management
Authors: Boroń Stefan , Kosiek Tomasz 
Published: June 2019

AbstractCountless people and organisations have been wrestling with the practical application of sustainability and sustainable development. Yet there is no rigorous and unequivocal template that can be followed for management because the meaning of the key concepts of sustainability and development in particular haven’t been properly identified. Although the fundamental meaning of the word sustainability is continuance, the concept has its controversies especially when it drifts into the ‘abstract’ and even becomes confused with sustainable development. For our purposes it is the ability of development and of its associated processing activities to continue that is being managed. For management effectiveness, a system framework is necessary but more importantly what goes into that system has to be rigorously and unambiguously defined. In our case, the mechanisms describing the practicalities that govern the sustainability of development have been clearly identified in this paper and called by name. The concept of development needs clarification, while the accepted popular ‘three pillar’ depiction of sustainable development is also fundamentally flawed when compared with the form of words of the ‘Brundtland’ definition. This well-known ‘Venn representation’ implies a type of ‘balance’ or ‘synergy’ at the heart of sustainability management. In fact, because of the fundamentally unsustainable nature of current development processes, the ‘balance’ turns into a trade-off amongst the three sustainability players. For real sustainable development there can be no such trade-off. Once the misunderstandings are clarified the true basics of sustainability and sustainable development are fed into a standard ISO14001 iteration loop for management to commence.
Causal homogenization of metamaterials
Authors: Yoo SeokJae , Lee Suyeon , Choe Jong-Ho , Park Q-Han 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
We propose a homogenization scheme for metamaterials that utilizes causality to determine their effective parameters. By requiring the Kramers-Kronig causality condition in the homogenization of metamaterials, we show that the effective parameters can be chosen uniquely, in contrast to the conventional parameter retrieval method which has unavoidable phase ambiguity arising from the multivalued logarithm function. We demonstrate that the effective thickness of metamaterials can also be determined to a specific value by saturating the minimum-error condition for the causality restriction. Our causal homogenization provides a robust and accurate characterization method for metamaterials.
Effect of defects on the motion of carbon nanotube thermal actuator
Authors: Lin Xiaotian , Han Qiang , Huang Jianzhang 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Using molecular dynamics simulations, we investigate the movement behavior of double-walled carbon nanotube containing single atom vacancy defect and Stone–Wales defect. The carbon nanotube thermal actuator consists of a short outer tube and a long inner tube driven under temperature gradient. It is found that the presence of these defects introduces resistance of the nanotube systems, which affects their amplitude and speed. The oscillation motion of the outer nanotube is found possible to be produced, which can be achieved by devising proper initial position of the outer tube, the defect type and the temperature gradient. Our results demonstrate the effect of defects on the motion of carbon nanotubes and show that it is possible to control and tune the motion behavior of nanotubes through the introduction of defects.
Mollusk fauna associated withCystoseira barbata(Stockhouse) C. Agardh, 1820 in the Sea of Marmara (Turkey)
Authors: Bitlis Banu 
Published: June 2019

AbstractMollusk species associated withCystoseira barbatawere examined in the Sea of Marmara in 2012 at 14 sampling sites with a depth ranging from 0.2 to 0.5 m. A total of 18 468 specimens belonging to three classes (Polyplacophora, Gastropoda and Bivalvia) and 30 species were identified.Alvania mamillataRisso, 1826 is a new record for the marine mollusk fauna of the Sea of Marmara. The number of species at the sampling sites varied from 2 to 11 (400 cm–2), the density ranged between 758 and 63 083 ind. m–2, and wet weight between 0.4 and 34.3 g m–2. Gastropoda were the richest class, represented by 22 species and 7611 individuals. The families Rissoidae, Mytilidae and Pyramidellidae were represented by the largest number of species. The most dominant mollusk species inC. barbatafacies wereMytilaster minimus(Poli, 1795) (37.77%),Rissoa splendidaEichwald, 1830 (27.20%),Mytilaster lineatus(Gmelin, 1791) (18.69%) andBittium reticulatum(da Costa, 1778) (6.89%). However, the mollusksR. splendida(86%),M. lineatus(71%),M. minimus(69%) andSteromphala adansonii(Payraudeau, 1826) (67%) were characterized by the highest values of the frequency index. Canonical correspondence analysis showed that the main factors affecting the assemblages of mollusks were the content of total nitrogen, the maximum thallus height, algal wet weight and temperature
Impact of sampling techniques on the concentration of ammonia and sulfide in pore water of marine sediments
Authors: Brodecka-Goluch Aleksandra , Siudek Patrycja , Bolałek Jerzy 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThree ex situ pore water sampling procedures (I – rhizon samplers, II – centrifugation of sediment subsamples collected from different sediment depths without core sectioning, III – core sectioning and centrifugation of sediment sections) were compared to indicate factors that may affect concentrations of pore water constituents (ammonia and sulfides). The methods were selected and modified in such a way as to determine how the concentrations are affected by different factors related to sampling procedures, e.g. contact with atmospheric air, filtration and sediment core disturbance. They were tested on nine sediment cores collected at one site in the southern Baltic Sea. The concentration of ammonia in pore water from centrifuged sediment sections was significantly higher compared to pore water extracted by rhizons – probably due to the impact of changing pH. The factor with the greatest impact on the H2S/HS–concentration in the analyzed pore water was the contact with atmospheric air and/or the extrusion of sediments from a core liner. Rhizons proved to be the best option for sampling pore waters analyzed for H2S/HS–and NH4+/NH3. In the case of H2S/HS–we noticed the smallest loss of the analyzed constituents. For ammonia, the centrifugation of the whole sediment sections was likely to cause interferences in the indophenol blue method.
The Obstinate Real: Barad, Escobar, and Object-Oriented Ontology
Authors: Feichtinger Michael 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Relational ontologies that postulate the primacy of relations over their relata may seem like a contrary and incompatible approach to object-oriented ontology (OOO). Therefore, this paper aims to clarify the relationship between Barad’s and Escobar’s relational ontologies and Harman’s OOO by comparing and contrasting the relative coherences between them. After outlining the central assumptions of the different accounts, I discuss the problems of relational ontologies with regard to several ethical, political, and posthumanist issues. I argue that OOO is able to avoid their pitfalls without rejecting the major benefits of relational ontologies. After a critique of the pluralization of worlds within relational ontologies, I argue for the rejection of the concept of world(s) in favor of understanding space and time as emerging from polar tensions within the quadruple objects. Consequently, this highlights the potential of OOO to encounter the Anthropocene beyond scientific realism and to account for the plurality of reality without granting any hegemonic access to it. This paper, therefore, argues for a conceptualization of ontological difference without one or many worlds.
Current and promising novel drug candidates against visceral leishmaniasis
Authors: Reguera Rosa M. , Pérez-Pertejo Yolanda , Gutiérrez-Corbo Camino , Domínguez-Asenjo Bárbara , Ordóñez César , García-Estrada Carlos , Martínez-Valladares María , Balaña-Fouce Rafael 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Leishmaniasis is a group of zoonotic diseases caused by a trypanosomatid parasite mostly in impoverished populations of low-income countries. In their different forms, leishmaniasis is prevalent in more than 98 countries all over the world and approximately 360-million people are at risk. Since no vaccine is currently available to prevent any form of the disease, the control strategy of leishmaniasis mainly relies on early case detection followed by adequate pharmacological treatment that may improve the prognosis and can reduce transmission. A handful of compounds and formulations are available for the treatment of leishmaniasis in humans, but only few of them are currently in use since most of these agents are associated with toxicity problems such as nephrotoxicity and cardiotoxicity in addition to resistance problems. In recent decades, very few novel drugs, new formulations of standard drugs or combinations of them have been approved against leishmaniasis. This review highlights the current drugs and combinations that are used medical practice and recent advances in new treatments against leishmaniasis that were pointed out in the recent 2nd Conference, Global Challenges in Neglected Tropical Diseases, held in San Juan, Puerto Rico in June 2018, emphasizing the plethora of new families of molecules that are bridging the gap between preclinical and first-in-man trials in next future.
Doing autoethnography of social robots: Ethnographic reflexivity in HRI
Authors: Chun Bohkyung 
Published: June 2019

AbstractOriginating from anthropology, ethnographic reflexivity refers to ethnographers’ understanding and articulation of their own intervention to participants’ activities as innate study opportunities which affect quality of the ethnographic data. Despite of its methodological discordance with scientific methods which minimize researchers’ effects on the data, validity and effectiveness of reflexive ethnography have newly been claimed in technology studies. Inspired by the shift, I suggest potential ways of incorporating ethnographic reflexivity into studies of human-robot social interaction including ethnographic participant observation, collaborative autoethnography and hybrid autoethnography. I presume such approaches would facilitate roboticists’ access to human conditions where robots’ daily operation occurs. A primary aim here is to fill the field’s current methodological gap between needs for better-examining robots’ social functioning and a lack of insights from ethnography, prominent socio-technical methods. Supplementary goals are to yield a nuanced understanding of ethnography in HRI and to suggest embracement of reflexive ethnographies for future innovations.
Fragment-based drug design of nature-inspired compounds
Authors: Najjar Abdulkarim , Olğaç Abdurrahman , Ntie-Kang Fidele , Sippl Wolfgang 
Published: June 2019

AbstractNatural product (NP)-derived drugs can be extracts, biological macromolecules, or purified small molecule substances. Small molecule drugs can be originally purified from NPs, can represent semisynthetic molecules, natural fragments containing small molecules, or are fully synthetic molecules that mimic natural compounds. New semisynthetic NP-like drugs are entering the pharmaceutical market almost every year and reveal growing interests in the application of fragment-based approaches for NPs. Thus, several NP databases were constructed to be implemented in the fragment-based drug design (FBDD) workflows. FBDD has been established previously as an approach for hit identification and lead generation. Several biophysical and computational methods are used for fragment screening to identify potential hits. Once the fragments within the binding pocket of the protein are identified, they can be grown, linked, or merged to design more active compounds. This work discusses applications of NPs and NP scaffolds to FBDD. Moreover, it briefly reviews NP databases containing fragments and reports on case studies where the approach has been successfully applied for the design of antimalarial and anticancer drug candidates.
Serum Neopterin in Differential Diagnosis of Bacterial Diarrhea in Pediatric Patients
Authors: Plata-Nazar Katarzyna , Łuczak Grażyna , Liberek Anna , Sznurkowska Katarzyna , Kamińska Barbara , Szlagatys-Sidorkiewicz Agnieszka 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Background: Neopterin, regarded as a marker of cellular immune activation, has been used in diagnosis of infection caused by intracellular pathogens. We have aimed to evaluate the clinical usefulness of serum neopterin (NPT) in acute bacterial diarrhea caused by group C enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPECs) and group D Salmonella spp.

Methods: Serum concentration of NPT was determined by ELISA. The study group included 47 children with diagnosis of bacterial diarrhea: 32 caused by group C enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPECs) and 15 by group D Salmonella spp. 105 healthy children constituted the control group.

Results: Serum concentration of NPT in children infected with group D Salmonella spp. turned out to be higher than in the other groups. The fraction of Salmonella-infected patients with serum neopterin above 11 nmol/l proved higher as compared to children with diarrhea caused by group C EPECs or to the healthy controls. The prevalence of a C-reactive protein (CRP) to NPT ratio of greater than 1 did not differ significantly between children with diarrhea of various etiology.

Conclusions: Neopterin can be used as a non-specific marker differentiating between bacterial diarrhea of various etiology.
A brief overview on grain growth of bulk electrodeposited nanocrystalline nickel and nickel-iron alloys
Authors: Ni Haitao , Zhu Jiang , Wang Zhaodong , Lv Haiyang , Su Yongyao , Zhang Xiyan 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This review focuses on grain growth behaviors and the underlying mechanisms of bulk electrodeposited nanocrystalline nickel and nickel-iron alloys. Effects of some important factors on grain growth are described. During thermal-induced grain growth process, grain boundary migration plays a key role. For similar thermal conditions, due to grain boundary mobility with solute drag, limited grain growth occurs in nanocrystalline alloys, as compared to pure metals. Nonetheless, in the case of stress-induced grain growth process, there are a variety of mechanisms in samples having various deformation histories. As an example the grain growth of nanocrystalline nickel and Ni-20%Fe alloy with nearly the same grain-size distribution and average grain size is compared in this paper. Thermal analysis indicates nanocrystalline nickel is much more prone to rapid grain growth than nanocrystalline Ni-20%Fe alloy. Nevertheless, grain growth of nanocrystalline Ni-20%Fe is found to be more pronounced than nanocrystalline nickel during rolling deformation.
Solution method for underdetermined systems of nonlinear equations
Authors: Szczepanik Ewa , Tret’yakov Alexey A. , Tyrtyshnikov Eugene E. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
In this paper we present a new solution method for underdetermined systems of nonlinear equations in a neighborhood of a certain point of the variety of solutions where the Jacoby matrix has incomplete rank. Such systems are usually called degenerate. It is known that the Gauss–Newton method can be used in the degenerate case. However, the variety of solutions in a neighborhood of the considered point can have several branches in the degenerate case. Therefore, the analysis of convergence of the method requires special techniques based on the constructions of the theory of p-regularity and p-factor-operators.
Bilderzeugung von virtuellen Szenen mittels vier- und sechseckbasierter oder wahlfreier Rasterung
Authors: Manthey Robert 
Published: June 2019

Zusammenfassung
Aufnahmesysteme wie Kameras oder Augen zerlegen das Bild in kleinere Bereiche wie Pixel oder Sehzellen um die Weiterverarbeitung zu ermöglichen. Technische Lösungen benutzen hierfür rechteckige Formen, biologische hingegen sechseckige. Deren Vorteile wurden in verschiedenen früheren, meist theoretischen Arbeiten zwar gezeigt, aber mangels hexagonbasierter Aufnahmesysteme kaum umfassender untersucht. Mit der vorgestellten, softwaregestützten Lösung wird dies weitgehend behoben und weiterführende Evaluationen ermöglicht. Erste Ergebnisse zeigen bereits eine bessere Darstellung runder Kanten mit weniger Treppenstufenartefakten bei sechseckbasierten Bildern als bei rechteckbasierten.
A Study on Nonlinear Model Predictive Control for Helicopter/Engine with Variable Rotor Speed Based on Linear Kalman Filter
Authors: Wang Yong , Zheng Qiangang , Zhang Haibo , Gao Yuan 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
A novel control method combining nonlinear model predictive control (NMPC) with linear kalman filter (LKF) and adaptive notch filter (ANF) for an integrated helicopter/engine system with variable rotor speed is proposed to enhance the response ability of turboshaft engine. Firstly, based on the integrated helicopter/engine model with variable rotor speed, an ANF combined with frequency estimation is introduced. Then, in order to estimate the significant and unmeasurable performance parameters utilized in model predictive control, such as temperature before turbine, a nonlinear model predictive controller based on LKF is presented. The simulation verifications demonstrate that the fundamental frequency of torsional vibration changes from 1.30 Hz to 2.70 Hz when the rotor speed varies continuously by 50 %. In this case, compared with the notch filter, all torsional vibration amplitudes are damped below 0.1 % by ANF. Meanwhile, in comparison with the PID controller, the NMPC can reduce the overshoot and droop of the power turbine speed to less than 1 % with steady-state error no more than 0.5 % at the off-design point of NMPC based on adaptive torsional vibration suppression. The applications of LKF and similar transformation improve the control accuracy and robustness performance of the NMPC designed at a single operating point.
Light is Space
Authors: Waibel Violetta L. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The sculptor Olafur Eliasson produces works together with his team that have two main goals: first, he intends to sensitize our daily perception of the world and our surroundings, and second, Eliasson’s works are not only works of art, but they also explore nature, the physical properties of light, of energy, of water, and other elements. With the famous project Little Suns, small plastic lamps with LED light bulbs and solar cells, he contributes to the amelioration of daily life for those who do not have access to electricity even today. In other works he focuses on elementary phenomena such as the movement of elements in a vortex of water or air, on the properties of light, of mirrored light, or the fascinating world of kaleidoscopes. Some of these works are very popular and often include visitors such as the Weather Project in the Turbine Hall of the Tate Modern in London created in 2003. This work is said to have provoked spontaneous meetings, celebrations, and even episodes of civil protest. The work turned the museum into a kind of agora, the public square in Ancient Greek cities that was at the heart of daily life, of politics, of democratic practices.