bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Leakage Inductance Analysis of Small-Size AFPMSMs with Different Core Materials for Micro Generator Application
Authors: Karabulut Yiğit , Meşe Erkan , Ayaz Murat , Aktaş Serkan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

This study investigates the leakage inductance of small-size axial flux permanent-magnet synchronous machines (AFPMSM) with different core materials under saturation conditions. Two identical AFPMSMs were manufactured, one with a soft magnetic composite (SMC) stator core and the other with a grain-oriented (GO) steel stator core. First, the synchronous inductance values for both motors are calculated analytically, considering the magnetizing, slot leakage, tooth-tip leakage, end-winding leakage, and air-gap harmonic leakage components according to saturation values of magnetic flux density. This finding is further supported by finite element analysis (FEA) simulations. Phase inductance measurements for both AFPMSMs were obtained using analytical, simulation, and experimental methods. The phase inductance was measured as 288.9 uH for the GO steel core AFPMSM and 204.86 uH for the SMC core AFPMSM using an LCR meter. The phase inductance ratio was found to be 0.709. The average inductance ratio was 0.743 during operation in the range of 2000–10000 rpm and 1–10 mNm.
Fascia-Derived Stem Cells Enhance Fat Graft Retention by Promoting Vascularization through the HMOX1-HIF-1α Pathway
Authors: Chen Guo , Long Jie , Zhang Yuge , Zhou Xuhua , Gao Botao , Qin Zijin , Zhu Yuhan , Song Binyu , Cui Ziwei , Liu Zhangzi , Xu Man , Yu Zhou , Song Baoqiang , Zhang Ziang 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background:
Adipose tissue is a widely used autologous soft tissue filler in plastic surgery, particularly for volumetric restoration in cases of soft tissue deficiency. However, effectively controlling the retention rate of transplanted fat remains a major challenge. Therefore, this study aims to explore strategies to enhance fat graft retention. We isolated fascia-derived stem cells (FDSCs) from human superficial fascia and compared their gene expression profiles with those of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs). Through bioinformatics analysis and functional experiments, we identified significant differences in the angiogenic potential of the two cell types. Based on sequencing results, we further investigated the roles of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and heme oxygenase-1 (HMOX1). This study highlights the critical potential of FDSCs in improving fat graft retention and promoting angiogenesis, offering new strategies for enhancing graft survival and optimizing tissue regeneration therapies.
Methods:
We isolated fascia-derived stem cells (FDSCs) from human superficial fascia and compared them with adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs). RNA sequencing was performed to analyze gene expression profiles, followed by bioinformatics analysis to identify differences in angiogenic potential. Functional experiments were conducted to investigate the roles of HIF-1α and HMOX1 in angiogenesis.
Results:
RNA sequencing revealed significant gene expression differences related to angiogenesis in FDSCs. The expression levels of HMOX1, HIF-1α, and VEGFa were significantly higher in FDSCs than in ADSCs, and HMOX1 positively regulated the expression of HIF-1α and VEGFa. In vitro experiments demonstrated that FDSCs promoted angiogenesis more effectively than ADSCs. In vivo co-transplantation experiments further confirmed that FDSCs improved fat graft retention and vascularization.
Conclusions:
We demonstrated that FDSCs can more effectively promote vascularization both in vitro and in vivo, and significantly improve graft retention, indicating their broad potential for future applications in tissue repair and regeneration.
Attention and Classifier-Constrainted -based Deep Adversarial Domain Adaptive method for Remote Sensing Image Classification
Authors: WU Di , Xiao Yan , Wan Qin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

To address the high cost problem of manual annotation of remote sensing data and negative migration caused by the feature distribution discrepancy between different domains, in this paper, a novel deep adversarial domain adaptive method based on attention and classifier-constrainted strategy for remote sensing image classification is proposed.Firstly, for the various migratability of differernt image regions, and the corresponding low migratability regions will cause negative migration during the training process, a new adversarial method based on mixed attention mechanism is given so that the network can learn which parts need to be paid attention automatically during the migration process; Secondly, due to the fact that the difference of the classes spatial distribution between the source domain and the target domain, an adaptive metric module are adding to the adversarial domain adaptation model, which measures the distance between source domain and target domain data by the maximum mean difference of the multiple kernels, furtherly, attempt to align the feature distributions of the two domains on the basis of the adversarial domain adaptation model thereby improving the classification performance of the model.Lastly, to address the problem that remote sensing sample data is difficult to obtain and is often a subset of the actual application scenarios, which leads to unable to identify the new labels and poor generalization ability, we introduce the maximum classifier difference structure to adapt the cross-domain edge distributions and to emphasize the each domain's respective characteristics importance simultaneously. A series of extensive experiment results based on the UC Merced dataset, AID dataset and the NWPU-RESISC45 dataset are conducted to show that the proposed approach in this paper effectively improves the classification performance can be comparable with the methods of the state-of-the-art.
Relationship between the amplitudes of cerebral blood flow velocity and intracranial pressure during mild hypocapnia
Authors: Pelah Adam I. , Najdek Monika , Czosnyka Marek , Uryga Agnieszka 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Purpose
The amplitude of the intracranial pressure pulse waveform (AMP) has been a focal point of current research. A pulsatile component with distinct morphology is also present in the cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFV) signal. While the amplitude of the CBFV (AmpCBFV) has been used in indices like the pulsatility index, the relationship between AmpCBFV and AMP has not been established. This study aimed to investigate this relationship via a novel linear moving-window correlation index (RAMP) and a nonlinear joint symbolic analysis (JSA).
Methods
Twenty-nine traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients at Addenbrooke’s Hospital, whose intracranial pressure (ICP) and CBFV were monitored, underwent mild hypocapnia to test cerebrovascular reactivity. RAMP was defined as a moving-window correlation between AmpCBFV and AMP. JSA transformed AmpCBFV and AMP into sequences of symbols (‘words’), using a binary scheme with word lengths of three.
Results
The mean AmpCBFV and AMP were not significantly correlated at baseline (r=-0.10) or during hypocapnia (r=-0.19). However, the RAMP index was significantly higher at baseline (0.64 ± 0.04) than during hypocapnia (0.57 ± 0.04, p = 0.035). Synchronisation in the AmpCBFV–AMP interaction, quantified by JSA, decreased during hypocapnia (0.35 ± 0.3) compared to baseline (0.44 ± 0.03; p = 0.004).
Conclusions
Our results indicate that while the mean AmpCBFV and AMP were not significantly correlated, either at baseline or during hypocapnia, significant changes were observed when the JSA and RAMP indicies, new parameters reflecting the association between the vascular and parenchymal intracranial compartments, were used. Further validation in a larger cohort is needed.
Fine mapping and candidate gene analysis of the major QTL qSW-A03 for seed weight in Brassica napus
Authors: Meng Jiangyu , Hu Dingxue , Wang Bin , Zhu Yuelin , Lu Chunyan , Deng Yan , Cai Huiying , Wang Baohua , He Yajun , Qian Wei 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Seed weight is a determining factor for improving rapeseed productivity. In the present study, a high-density genetic map was constructed via genome resequencing in an RIL population derived from a cross of two rapeseed varieties, ZS11 and DL704, with great differences in thousand seed weight (TSW). A total of 1,306 bins involving 1,261,526 SNPs were used to construct the bin map. On the basis of the genetic map, QTL mapping for seed weight was performed. In total, 15 QTLs associated with TSW were detected. A major and stable QTL, qSW-A03, was mapped to a 2.8 cM interval on chromosome A03. Fine mapping delimited the qSW-A03locus into a 59-kb region, and 11 genes within this region were predicted. By employing a combination of gene variation, gene expression difference and gene coexpression network analysis of seed weight, BnaA03G0362100ZS (BnaDUF1666) was identified as a promising candidate gene. This study provides useful information for the genetic dissection of seed weight and promotes the molecular breeding of high-yield rapeseed.
Influence of Irregular Particle Shape on Volumetric Behaviour of DEM Materials in Rotational Shear Testing
Authors: ROZBROJ Jiří , HLOSTA Jakub , DIVIŠ Jan , NEČAS Jan , BARLETTA Diego , POLETTO Massimo , ŽUROVEC David , POKORNÁ Kamila , ZEGZULKA Jiří 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The study investigates the effect of particle shape representation with various contact models on the calibration procedure via shear test. Experimental shear tests were performed using a Schulze Ring Shear Tester RST-01 using spherical and cubic particles. Pre-shear stress and vertical lid position were used for calibration. Hertz-Mindlin and Linear Spring contact models behaviour trends for preshear, vertical lid position, coordination number, porosity and particle shift angle were observed. The changes of the shear zone for different input parameters are show. The findings confirmed the necessity to observe not only the shear force but also the compression behaviour of the particles in the shear test calibration. The results clearly indicate that the position of the shear lid provides DEM users with an overview of the fundamental deformation behaviour during the shear process. The results highlighted fundamental differences between particle models, considering the changes in kinematics due to increased shear rate. The research is intended to provide DEM modellers with general information on which parameters are affected by changing the input data for each contact model and particle shape. These insights can enhance calibration procedures in both industrial and academic settings, serving as a foundation for optimizing DEM models and improving their accuracy.
Improving Job Satisfaction and Reducing Workplace Stress: A New Model of Organizational Support in Higher Education
Authors: Tara Anam Nazneen , Abid Muhammad Naseem 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

This study investigates the relationships among Perceived Organizational Support (POS), Workplace Stress (WPS), and Job Satisfaction (JS) among academic staff in Chinese universities. A cross-sectional survey involving 600 faculty members was conducted to assess the impact of POS on JS, while examining WPS as a mediating factor. Results revealed a significant positive correlation between POS and JS, indicating that higher levels of organizational support enhance job satisfaction. Furthermore, WPS was found to partially mediate this relationship, suggesting that increased POS can mitigate workplace stress, thereby improving job satisfaction. These findings underscore the critical importance of developing effective organizational support systems to foster faculty well-being and promote a positive work environment. Implications for university management practices are discussed, emphasizing the need for tailored support initiatives that address the unique challenges faced by academic staff in a competitive higher education landscape.
A DNN-based 5G MIMO System Adopting a Mix of Tactics
Authors: Islam Md. Ashraful , Ahmed Md. Firoz , Islam Md. Matiqul 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The emergence of 5G technology necessitates advanced communication systems that can handle high data rates while providing improved reliability. However, current methods often struggle with issues related to complexity and efficiency. This paper addresses these challenges by developing a Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) system that integrates deep neural network (DNN) demappers, Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) coding, and polar coding, creating a mix of tactics aimed at boosting performance in flat fading channel environments. The main objectives of this study are to improve the bit error rate (BER) and spectral efficiency across different orders of Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM)—specifically, 4-QAM, 16-QAM, and 256-QAM. The proposed system employs a Linear Minimum Mean Square Error (LMMSE) equalizer to ensure effective signal detection. Simulation results indicate that the LDPC coding technique significantly outperforms polar coding across all evaluated QAM modulation orders, highlighting its effectiveness in enhancing system performance. An analysis of BER and spectral efficiency demonstrates considerable reliability and data throughput improvements, making the MIMO system particularly well-suited for the demanding requirements of 5G applications. The findings suggest that integrating advanced coding strategies with neural demapping can effectively tackle the complexities introduced by the 5G environment. This research establishes a foundation for future studies and the development of robust communication systems capable of supporting the next generation of wireless technology, thereby enabling a wide range of applications, from enhanced mobile broadband to extensive IoT connectivity.
Communication among Nursing Students in South Korea: A Qualitative Content analysis
Authors: Kim Hyunju , Im Mihae 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background This study explores the characteristics and significance of communication for nursing students during the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods Focus group interviews were conducted with 10 participants and the data were analyzed using content analysis.Results Three main categories emerged: “Communication characteristics of nursing students,” “Communication process of nursing students,” and “The meaning of communication to nursing students.” Participants acknowledged that effective communication is crucial for nurses to understand and assist patients. They emphasized that nursing students must develop strong communication skills to prepare for their future roles as nurses.Conclusions The study highlights the importance of education, program development, and practical application to enhance communication competency among nursing students. Reinforcing these skills is seen as vital to the professional growth and readiness of nursing students by ensuring that they are able to provide high-quality patient care in their future careers.
Investigation of the Healthy Behaviors and Affecting Factors of a Study Group with Diabetic Spouses in a Case‒Control Study Design
Authors: Kut Rabia Esra , Vuraloğlu Emre , Kut Altug , İyidir Özlem Turhan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Although diabetes is clearly affected by environmental factors, few studies have investigated how the presence of this disease affects the microenvironment of diabetic individuals. This research was designed to understand whether people with a diabetic spouse would develop lifestyle changes by changing their perceptions of their health, which may change our understanding of educational activities aimed at the wider family.
METHODS
This randomized controlled retrospective case‒control study investigated patients who presented to the outpatient clinics of a university hospital in Ankara, Turkey, between 01/12/2020 and 30/05/2021. After applying the acceptance criteria, the spouses of 100 diabetic patients who presented to the outpatient clinics formed the study group, while on the same dates, 100 spouses of patients who did not have diabetes were selected by randomization and formed the control group. Data were collected via a face‒to‒face questionnaire. Statistical significance was accepted at p < 0.05.
RESULTS
In our study, the blood glucose and blood pressure of healthy spouses of diabetic patients were measured more often. Additionally, the application of pneumococcal vaccination increased, and alcohol use decreased. Moreover, there were significant behavioral changes aimed at increasing their health status.
CONCLUSION
Our findings regarding behavioral changes were random and instinctive when not configured by a professional. Therefore, emphasis should be placed on the use of family-based approaches for diabetes management and treatment among couples with type 2 diabetes in primary care settings.
Comparison of Laparoscopic versus Robot- Assisted sugery for rectal cancer after neo- adjuvant therapy: a large volume single center experience
Authors: Zhu Heyuan , Zou Jingyu , Pan Hongfeng , Huang Ying , Chi Pan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to assess the short- and long-term outcomes of rectal cancer patients undergoing robotic versus laparoscopic surgery after receiving neo-adjuvant therapy. There is a lack of clarity on this topic, necessitating a comprehensive comparison.
Method: Between January 2017 and December 2021, consecutive patients who underwent laparoscopic and robotic rectal resection at a major public medical center were enrolled. All participants received neoadjuvant therapy before surgery. The primary objective of this study was to assess the sphincter preservation rate and the rate of conversion to open surgery, using propensity score matching analysis. Secondary endpoints included 5-year disease-free survival, 5-year overall survival, short-term postoperative complications, long-term oncological prognosis, and the occurrence of low anterior resection syndrome.
Result: A total of 575 patients diagnosed with rectal cancer participated in the cohort study, with 183 individuals undergoing robotic surgery and 392 undergoing laparoscopic surgery. Patients in the robotic group tended to be younger and had higher ypT, cT, and cN stages, lower tumor locations, and higher rates of extramural vascular invasionand circumferential resection margin positivity. Propensity score matching resulted in 183 patients in the robotic group and 187 in the laparoscopic group. We found a higher sphincter preservation rate in robotic group compared with laparoscopic group (92.9% vs 86.1%, P=0.033), with no significant difference in conversion to open surgery(P>0.05). The robotic group had a higher incidence of postoperative chylous ascites (4.9% vs 1.1%, P=0.029) and potentially lower sepsis occurrence (0% vs 1.6%, P=0.085). No significant differences were observed in long-term oncological prognosis or 5-year survival rates (P>0.05). The median survival time for each group was 34 months.
Conclusion: Robotic surgery for rectal cancer, following preoperative neo-adjuvant therapy, demonstrates comparable technical safety and oncological outcomes to laparoscopic surgery. Further comprehensive studies are needed to to confirm the potential advantages of robotic surgical interventions.
Unveiling the Unseen: Scrub Typhus with Myoclonic Status Epilepticus and MODS
Authors: Gan Xiaojin , Cai Xianbin , Xin Tangxin , Li Feng-E 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background: Orientia tsutsugamushi, the causative agent of scrub typhus, poses a major public health threat in the Asia-Pacific region. The clinical manifestations of scrub typhus are variable, and without timely treatment, the disease may progress to multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). This paper presents a case study of scrub typhus with myoclonic status epilepticus and MODS.
Case presentation: A 72-year-old Asian male with a medical history of schizophrenia was hospitalized following one week of persistent, involuntary bilateral limb jerking at awaking. Physical examination revealed an eschar on the left scrotum. Targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) confirmed the presence of Orientia tsutsugamushi. The patient was diagnosed with scrub typhus, presenting with myoclonic status epilepticus and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome.
Conlusion: In high-prevalence areas, physicians should carefully exclude scrub typhus in patients with neurological symptoms and acute febrile. illness. Timely and effective treatment is essential for curing the disease.
Loss of Roquin-1 enhances CXCR5+PD-1+Tfh cell differentiation by interfere AMPK function to enhance glycolysis in Neuromyelitis Optica
Authors: Li Hui , Liu Peidong , Li Ruoyu , Hu Huiru , Shen Ang , Xing Yanmeng , Zhu Wenping , Liu Hongbo 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Aquaporin-4 immunoglobulin G antibody (AQP4-IgG) product by B cells is essential in Neuromyelitis optica (NMO). However, some patients with immunosuppressive drugs persistently high AQP4-IgG titers, possibly owing to Follicular helper T (Tfh) cells can assist B cells in antibody production. Roquin-1 has been linked to the regulation of immune balance and plays an important role in the peripheral homeostasis of T cells. However, whether Roquin-1 can target Tfh cells differentiation in NMO mechanism remain unclear. Hence, in this study, we aim to explore the relationship between Roquin-1 and clinical characteristic in NMO, and whether Roquin-1 can target AMPK to regulates the CXCR5 + PD-1 + Tfh differentiation aggravate NMO progression.
Methods
We enrolled 71 NMO patients in this study, Clinical characteristics, MRI lesion counts in the spinal cord or brain, Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) scores, Roquin-1 expression levels, and the proportion of Tfh cells were recorded and analyzed in each group using cell flow assay and other studies. Then, to validate Roquin-1 ability, we knockout or overexpression the Roquin-1 along Tfh cell differentiation.
Results
In the acute phase, Roquin-1 mRNA expression was reduced, while in remission phase, it was increased compared to healthy controls. The proportion of CXCR5 + PD-1 + Tfh cells was higher in NMO patients than in controls, and there was a negative correlation between Tfh cells proportions and Roquin-1 expression. Roquin-1 expression was negatively correlated with the EDSS score and positive correlation between the percentage of Tfh cells and the EDSS score and MRI lesions. We found that Roquin-1 could affect Tfh cell function and ratio during Tfh cell differentiation, promoted the expression of glycolysis-related proteins by influencing the interaction between AMPK and mTOR, and improved the antibody secretion ability of B cells.
Conclusions
Our study elucidated the effect of Roquin-1 on Tfh cells in NMO and the corresponding protective mechanism in autoimmunity, explore the possible causes of immune imbalance in NMO mechanisms, thus aiming to provide novel insights into NMO pathogenesis.