bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Standardization of Care for Neonates Born at 22-23 Weeks Gestation
Authors: Gharaibeh Faris Al , Cortezzo DonnaMaria , Nathan Amy , Greenberg James 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objective
Determine the impact of care and counseling standardization on survival and morbidity of neonates born at 22–23 weeks gestation.
Design:
Retrospective cohort study of 244 neonates born at 22–23 weeks gestation between 2015 and 2023 in a large healthcare system. The primary outcome is survival of neonates receiving intensive care to NICU discharge. Secondary outcomes include morbidities (IVH, PDA, NEC, BPD, ROP) and resource utilization.
Results
Survival did not significantly change with more neonates born at 22 weeks receiving intensive care (aOR 1.0 (95% CI 0.40–2.51), p 0.99 and 0.93 (95% CI 0.32–2.7), p 0.89 in the 2018–2020 and 2021–2023 epochs. NEC and PDA decreased over the study period, and resource utilization remained unchanged.
Conclusions
Standardizing counseling and care increased the provision of antenatal steroids and intensive care for neonates born at 22 weeks gestation. This allowed neonates born at 22 weeks to survive to discharge without increasing morbidity and resource utilization.
Real Time Monitoring of Intrarenal Pressures While Using the Novel Bendable Suction Ureteral Access Sheath
Authors: Chen Kelven Weijing , Koo Kyo Chul , Zhong Tianshuang , Ren Runhan , Wong Victor KF. , Almousa Saud , Levitt Max , Guennoun Abbas , Chew Ben H. , Bhojani Naeem 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Purpose
To report on in-vivo intrarenal pressure (IRP) during flexible ureteroscopy for treatment of kidney stones while using the novel bendable suction ureteral access sheath.
Methods
A retrospective observational analysis was performed for 25 patients undergoing routine flexible ureteroscopy for treatment of renal stones between February 2024 and June 2024 from two centres in Canada. The LithoVue Elite™ ureteroscope (Boston Scientific Corp., Marlborough, MA, USA) with pressure sensing capability was used together with the Clearpetra® Ureteral Access Sheath System (Well Lead Medical Co. Ltd., Guangzhou, China) for all cases. Irrigation was via a pressure bag set at 250mmHg where possible and the access sheath was connected to wall suction at 200mmHg. Median and maximum IRP, as well as the distribution of cumulative procedure times according to various IRP ranges were analyzed.
Results
The median age of the patients was 56 years, with a median BMI of 26.7 kg/m2. The median (Interquartile range {IQR}) IRP for all the cases was 22.0 (15.0-36.5) mmHg, with a median (IQR) procedure time of 35.9 (16.4–54.8) minutes. The IRP remained below 40mmHg in 76.2% of the total time in all procedures, and was below 60mmHg in 94.1% of the time. Significant variables associated with lower IRP were having a prior endourological procedure, pre-stenting, larger ureteral access sheath size and use of pre-operative alpha blocker. Age, BMI and total stone volume did not significantly affect IRP.
Conclusions
Low intrarenal pressures can be achieved with the use of suction ureteral access sheaths, even with higher irrigation pressures. Alpha blocker use, larger sheath size, prior endourological procedures and pre-stenting are all associated with lower IRP.
Dual wavelength brillouin laser terahertz source stabilized to carbonyl sulfide rotational transition
Authors: Greenberg James , Heffernan Brendan , McGrew William , Nose Keisuke , Rolland Antoine 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Optical-based terahertz sources are important for many burgeoning scientific and technological applications. Among such applications is precision spectroscopy of molecules, which exhibit rotational transitions at terahertz frequencies. Stemming from precision spectroscopy is frequency discrimination and stabilization of terahertz sources. Because many molecular species exist in the gas phase at room temperature, their transitions are prime candidates for practical terahertz frequency references. We demonstrate the stabilization of a low phase-noise, dual-wavelength Brillouin laser (DWBL) terahertz oscillator to a rotational transition of carbonyl sulfide (OCS). We achieve an instability of $1.2\times10^{-12}/\sqrt{\tau}$, where $\tau$ is the averaging time in seconds. The signal-to-noise ratio and intermodulation limitations of the experiment are also discussed. We thus demonstrate a highly stable and spectrally pure terahertz frequency source. Our presented architecture will likely benefit metrology, spectroscopy, precision terahertz studies, and beyond.
From Missed Visits to Missed Tests: The Hidden Risk of Mother to Child Transmission of Human Immunodeficiency Virus among Pregnant Women Who Never Attend Antenatal Care in Tanzania
Authors: Moshi Fabiola Vincent 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Perinatal Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) screening, combined with interventions to prevent mother-to-child transmission, is a crucial aspect of Antenatal Care (ANC). This study aimed to assess the prevalence of women who never attended ANC, investigate its association with the likelihood of missing HIV testing during pregnancy, and identify key predictors of non-attendance at ANC in Tanzania.
Method
The study analyzed data from the 2022 Tanzania Demographic and Health Survey and Malaria Indicator Survey (2022 TDHS-MIS), using a weighted sample of 5,431 women of reproductive age. Descriptive analysis determined the proportion of women who had never attended ANC. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses assessed the association between never attending ANC and never undergoing HIV testing, while also identifying key predictors of ANC non-attendance.
Results
In Tanzania, 10.4% of pregnant women never attended ANC. Not attending ANC was significantly associated with never being tested for HIV (aOR = 4.752). Factors affecting never attending ANC included age, with increased odds in women aged 20–24 (aOR = 1.943), 25–29 (aOR = 1.938), 30–34 (aOR = 2.661), 35–39 (aOR = 2.518), 40–44 (aOR = 2.184), and 45–49 (aOR = 2.897) compared to those aged 15-19years. The zone of residence, with increased odds in the Northern zone (aOR = 1.465), lower odds in the Central (aOR = 0.181), Southern (aOR = 0.055), Lake (aOR = 0.409), Eastern (aOR = 0.522), and Zanzibar zones (aOR < 0.001) compared to Western zone. Women who were not working had a 2.5 times higher odds (aOR = 2.522), and never used contraception were 2.4 times more likely to skip ANC (aOR = 2.373).
Conclusion
The study found that a significant number of pregnant women in Tanzania never attend ANC, which is significantly associated with missing HIV testing. This highlights the urgent need to improve ANC attendance, as it offers a key opportunity for early HIV detection and intervention. Efforts should focus on addressing demographic and socio-economic factors, including age, employment status, and regional disparities, to improve ANC access and increase HIV testing, thereby reducing the risk of mother-to-child transmission.
Communication with Children about Parental Bipolar Disorder: A Qualitative Interview Study
Authors: Tu En-Nien , Saunders Kate EA , Rashid Layla , Dalton Louise , Creswell Cathy 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
The impacts of parental bipolar disorder (BD) on families and children highlight the need to understand how best to talk to children about their parents’ diagnosis, especially as their developmental capacity for understanding grows. This qualitative study aims to explore the strategies, challenges, and support needs of parents in relation to communicating with their children about BD, in order to inform the development of further interventions and resources.
Methodology
: Purposive and snowball sampling strategies were used to recruit parents with BD, their partners, and stakeholders who support parents with BD. Recruitment occurred via social media, emails, and community outreach between April 2022 and April 2023. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 11 parents with BD or non-BD partners and 12 charity workers or mental health professionals. The interview guides explored participants’ lived experiences and professional insights into communicating about parental BD with children. Data were analysed using reflexive, inductive, thematic analysis.
Result
Participants identified several benefits of sharing parental BD diagnoses with children, including fostering understanding, adaptation, compassion, and strengthening family relationships. However, they also noted challenges such as uncertainty, stigma, and potential distress for children. To make communication effective, participants emphasised the importance of age-appropriate dialogue, addressing children’s concerns, providing reassurance, and preparing them for future episodes. They highlighted that transparent, interactive communication, thoughtful timing, and collaboration with family members and professionals are crucial for tailoring the process to each family’s unique needs.
Conclusion
Our findings underscore the complexities of communicating a parental BD diagnosis to children, highlighting both the potential benefits and challenges. Participants emphasised the need for developing interventions and policies specifically tailored to address the particular communication needs of families impacted by BD.
Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles from Sumac Extract by Microwave- Assisted and Traditional Method: Characterization, Anticancer and Antimicrobial Activities
Authors: Hınıs Melek , Yeşildal Tuğçe Karaduman , Erdönmez Demet , Menteş Ayfer 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles were carried out by microwave assisted method (MWA) and traditional method (TDM) using sumac seed extract and the properties of particles were compared. Factors such as reaction time, temperature, pH, concentration of extract and silver ion were taken into account during the formation of silver nanoparticles. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS) and Conductivity measurement. The UV-visible spectrum showed the surface plasmon resonance band centered at 433 and 436 nm in the MWA and TDM methods, respectively, confirming the synthesis of Ag-NPs. In SEM/EDX analysis, it was determined that the nanoparticles were spherical in structure and the amount of Ag was considerably higher than other elements. According to TEM analysis, particle sizes were found to be 22 nm with the TDM method, while particle sizes were found to be 41.85 nm with the MWA method. However, it was observed that particle sizes in the MWA method were more homogeneous and evenly distributed. In our study, a significant increase was detected in the antibacterial and antifungal activities of silver nanoparticles. In addition, it was found that both silver nanoparticles inhibited the proliferation of HT-29 cells and showed selective anticancer effect without showing toxicity (all cell viability values > 70%) to healthy control fibroblast cells (L929).
A functional assessment of the community-dwelling older adults in a developing country: Implementation of the EASY-Care 2010 standard questionnaire in Iran
Authors: Ghorbani Fatemeh , Shati Mohsen , Khosravi Mina , Barzkar Farzaneh , Baradaran Hamid Reza 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Longer life expectancy has increased the number of older adults who live in societies. This has magnified the necessity of a comprehensive needs assessment to define the problem areas in this vulnerable population. Since there has been a paucity of information, this study was designed to assess the needs of older adult people in Iran.
Methods
This cross-sectional study was carried out in 2019, in Varamin, Iran. A multistage sampling method was employed and 970 individuals were included and interviewed to answer the full version of the EASY-Care Standard 2010 instrument, inquiring about the need for support in activities of daily living (‘independence’), the ‘risk of a breakdown in care’ (leading to emergency admission to hospital), and the risk of falls.
Results
A total of 970 older adult people (56.7% women and 39.4% rural residents) participated in this study. The greatest need to care for older adults was reported in staying healthy (94.7%), mental health and well-being (94.3%), and accommodation and finance (63.37%). The age group older than 80 had the highest mean score in each of the three scales, including Independence score, Risk of breakdown in care, and Risk of falls. No significant relationship was observed between independence score and gender. The risk of falls, risk of a breakdown in care, and independence score were significantly higher among illiterate, divorced, widowed, and unemployed individuals, as well as older adults with comorbidities and dependent financial status (P: 0.001).
Conclusions
The findings can inform policymakers to create and prioritize appropriate interventions to address the needs of the aging population in Iran.
Primary caregiver burden and its associated factors among patients with cancer in Northwest Amhara comprehensive specialized hospitals, Northwest Ethiopia, 2021. Multicenter cross-sectional study
Authors: Wassie Yilkal Abebaw , Abate Hailemichael Kindie , Nakie Girum , Kibralew Getasew , Fentahun Setegn , Melkam Mamaru , Mengistie Berihun Agegn , Azagew Abere Woretaw , Bifftu Berhan Boru , Tadesse Gebresilassie , Aemro Agazhe , Alemayehu Tekletsadik Tekleslassie , Geremew Gebremariam Wulie 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
The diagnosis of cancer is a devastating event that profoundly impacts both patients and their primary caregivers, often leading to emotional and physical distress. This can be challenging, especially as more cancer care is provided at home, placing a greater burden on primary caregivers. Several studies have indicated a high prevalence of primary caregiver burden. Despite this, there is a scarcity of published articles about primary caregiver burden among cancer patients in Ethiopia.
Objectives
This study aimed to assess the prevalence of primary caregiver burden and associated factors among adult cancer patients at Northwest Amhara Referral Hospitals, oncology treatment units, Northwest Ethiopia, 2021.
Methods
An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted across hospitals in Northwest Ethiopia, employing a systematic random selection of 422 primary caregivers for cancer patients. Data was gathered through standardized interviews and medical record reviews and analyzed using dedicated software. Bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression were carried out to identify factors associated with primary caregiver burden. Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence interval and variables with a p-value < 0.05 were considered significantly associated with primary caregiver burden.
Results
The prevalence of primary caregiver burden was 62.96%. Primary caregivers of a cancer patient with a second level of wealth index (AOR = 2.68, 95% CI: 1.16–6.19) and primary caregivers of a cancer patient with depression (AOR = 4.79, 95% CI: 2.93–7.14) were significantly associated with primary caregiver burden.
Conclusion and recommendation:
The prevalence of primary caregiver burden among adult cancer patients was prevalent. Healthcare providers in oncological settings should prioritize recognizing and supporting primary caregivers, especially those facing financial strain (the second-wealthiest group) and caring for depressed primary caregivers. Early screening and targeted interventions are crucial for their well-being.
MeExtRel: a dataset of inter-method extend-use relationships based on citation sentence classification
Authors: Zhao Hua , Liu Han , Zhou Hongjie , Yang Manyu , Zhang Xiwen 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The exponential growth in the number of documents has promoted fine-grained research on scientific and technological documents. These include techniques for entity identification and relationship extraction, abstract generation, knowledge extraction, and other forms of fine-grained research. Nevertheless, the aforementioned research is only capable of extracting fine-grained knowledge from a single document, and is thus unable to correlate such knowledge across different documents. The research methods is the most critical content of a paper. Therefore, clarifying the inheritance, improvement, or extension of research methods (defined in this paper as inter-method extend-use relationships) is particularly important for understanding the continuity and innovation of scientific research. In order to address this issue, this paper puts forward a new research task, namely the identification of inter-method extend-use relationships, and proposes the construction of a corresponding dataset. The dataset is a hierarchical dataset containing two levels of structure. The upper layer is a citation relationship classification dataset, while the lower layer is a extend-use relationship dataset. The former classifies citation sentences in the literature into three categories: background citation, method citation and result citation. The latter further classifies method citation sentences into two subcategories on the basis of the former: extend-use relationships and non-extend-use relationships. To verify the feasibility of our task and the validity of our dataset, a fine-tuned SciBERT model was employed to classify citation and extend-use relationships. Additionally, the challenges of extracting inter-method extend-use relationships are pointed out in conjunction with error analyses.
Clinical cure in an occult hepatitis B virus infection patient on sequential therapy: a case report
Authors: Wang Lin , Liang Han , Wang Chen , Liang Mengyu , Qinglei Zeng , Pengfei Zhu , Jun Lv 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Occult hepatitis B virus infection (OBI) is characterized by the presence of replication-competent hepatitis B virus DNA (HBV DNA) in the liver and/or blood of a individual who is currently negative for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) by standard tests. There is increasing evidence that occult HBV infection is associated with advanced chronic liver disease, especially hepatocellular carcinoma, and that people with occult HBV infection can transmit HBV infection. Despite growing concerns about its transmissibility and clinical impact, occult HBV infection has received limited attention in the hepatitis elimination agenda. While the pursuit of functional cure for hepatitis B may lead to the conversion from overt HBV infection to OBI, few cases of this have been reported to date. This case report presents a patient with chronic hepatitis B who initially converted to occult hepatitis B infection with sequential combination therapy and ultimately achieved clinical cure.
Case presentation
The patient is a 28-years old male from China diagnosed with hepatitis B virus infection. In 2012, he presented with abnormal liver function and was initially treated with short-acting interferon; however, this approach yielded poor results. Consequently, he was switched to Entecavir (ETV) antiviral therapy.In August 2019, laboratory tests indicated an HBsAg level of 255.35 IU/ml, while HBV DNA was below the lower limit of detection (<500 IU/ml). The patient hadno history of hypertension, cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, or cerebrovascular disease, and was subsequently started on a combination therapy of ETV and pegylated interferon (PEG-IFN). By April 2020, follow-up tests revealed HBV DNA at 2.24 log10 IU/ml and HBsAg reduced to 0.42 IU/ml. At this point, the treatment regimen was adjusted to a combination therapy of tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) and PEG-IFN. Six months later, HBsAg turned negative, HBsAb rose to 52.18IU/L, and HBV DNA was measured at 1.28 log10 IU/ml. The patient was then transitioned to PEG-IFN monotherapy. In November 2021, the patient discontinued PEG-IFN therapy. One month later, laboratory tests confirmed that both HBV DNA (<10 IU/mL) and HBsAg were negative, and these results have been maitntained to date.
Conclusion: This case demonstrates that sequential combination therapy can effectively treat chronic hepatitis B, even in patients with a long history of infection. This approach may lead to a shift to latent hepatitis B infection, and timely adjustments in treatment regimens based on monitoring indicators can ultimately result in a clinical cure.
Molecular Modeling and In Silico Design of a Novel T-Cell (MHC-II) Epitope-Based Vaccine Against HCV: Immunoinformatics Approaches for the South Asian Population
Authors: Iyyanar Sridevi , Ravi Sai Nandhini 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The current research is on hepatitis C (HCV) viral infection, a positive-strand RNA virus belonging to the Flaviviridae family. It generally affects the liver, ultimately leading to its enlargement, and sometimes it ends up causing permanent damage. Moreover, this disease is mostly acquired through contact with infected blood, mainly when sharing contaminated needles or syringes among drug users who inject themselves.
Materials and Methods:
Docking studies were performed using the available structure of 7t6x protein to get highly binding scores for their respective predicted human MHC-Class II Alles. Computational analysis of epitopes was employed for immunogenicity, conservancy, and toxicity analysis. T-cell-based vaccine designs against HCV were screened on 10 epitopes (all Indian-Asian).
Results:
While toxicity analysis revealed two epitopes, YGVGSSIVSWAIK and QTYVTGGTAARAT, further docking studies were conducted on YGVGSSIVSWAIK alone. At auto-docking with HLA-DQB1*06:01 (HLA), this epitope scored -6.9 kcal/mol, respectively. Furthermore, it can be seen that this peptide can also elicit a T-cell-mediated immune response from the predictive use of reverse vaccinology.
Conclusion:
In creating a simulation report for the YGVGSSIVSWAIK epitope, GROMACS was simulated for it. These findings underscore how dynamic and flexible interactions between peptides and MHC class II antigens are essential during immune recognition processes. This contributes to a better understanding of immune recognition processes.