bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Massive transfusion of incompatible red blood cells: A case report demonstrating the benefits of a regional patient alloantibody registry and prompt automated red cell exchange
Authors: Hogan Keenan O. , Dasgupta Amitava , Sosnovske Dennis , Ye Zhan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundEmergent transfusion is carried out without standard pre‐transfusion serologic testing to detect alloantibodies in patient plasma. Transfusion of red blood cells positive for antigens incompatible with a patient's current or historical alloantibodies risks acute and delayed hemolysis, which may be fatal. Symptomatic and prophylactic treatment of hemolysis secondary to transfusion of incompatible non‐ABO antigens using automated red cell exchange has been rarely reported.Case ReportA 77‐year‐old female with extensive hemorrhage from a femoral artery pseudoaneurysm received a massive transfusion of uncrossmatched blood. Although subsequent testing of a pre‐transfusion sample was inconclusive, a search of a patient alloantibody registry showed a history of anti‐E, anti‐Fya, and anti‐Jk(a) antibodies, which were subsequently confirmed and proven incompatible with all 10 transfused red blood cell units in various combinations. Prior to the completion of repeat serologic testing, the historical alloantibody profile was used to allocate antigen‐negative units for automated red cell exchange to treat progressive transfusion‐related hemolysis. Treatment was completed without complications, and hemolysis gradually resolved without progression of hemodynamic instability.ConclusionsThis case demonstrates successful automated red cell exchange following massive transfusion of red blood cells including a combination of three clinically significant incompatible antigens. Access to a patient alloantibody registry facilitates timely evaluation and management of transfusion‐associated adverse events which may otherwise be unavoidable.
The therapeutic role of exercise training during menopause for reducing vascular disease
Authors: Shing Conan L. H. , Bond Bert , Moreau Kerrie L. , Coombes Jeff S. , Taylor Jenna L. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMenopause marks a major milestone in female reproductive ageing. It is characterized by the cessation of ovarian function and a concomitant decline in hormones such as oestradiol. Subsequently, females undergoing menopausal transition experience a progressive increase in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease risk. During menopause, reductions in nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability, endothelial dysfunction, increases in systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, and impaired vascular remodelling may contribute towards an accelerated decline in the function of cerebral and peripheral vascular systems. Historically, hormone therapy (HT) has been used as a means of managing vascular disease risk and reducing menopause‐associated vasomotor symptoms such as hot flushes, though some studies suggest regular exercise has the potential to be a promising alternative. Regular aerobic exercise during early postmenopause may slow vascular decline by improving NO and oestradiol bioavailability, promoting positive vascular remodelling and lowering systemic inflammation. However, exercise‐mediated improvements in markers of vascular function are not consistently observed in oestradiol‐deficient postmenopausal women. Emerging evidence suggests that due to the greater oestradiol bioavailability during early postmenopause, vascular adaptations to exercise may be enhanced during this stage, as opposed to late postmenopause. Subsequently it may be important to begin regular exercise in the years preceding and immediately following the final menstrual period to slow the progression of vascular disease risk during perimenopause and beyond. The present review will provide a summary of our current understanding of how vascular function is affected during menopause and the role of regular aerobic and resistance exercise training in managing vascular disease risk.
The Role and Benefits of Physical Therapy Following Sport-Related Concussions
Authors: Bishay Anthony E. , Godwin Siobhan L. , Jo Jacob , Williams Kristen L. , Terry Douglas P. , Zuckerman Scott L. 
Published: November 2024

Context: Sport-related concussion management often requires referral to physical therapy (PT). Objectives: To (1) outline the role of PT in the management of sport-related concussion, (2) describe patients who underwent PT, and (3) discuss outcomes of athletes who underwent PT. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting: Single institution. Methods: Adolescent athletes aged 14–19 years old who sustained a sport-related concussion from November 2017 to April 2022 were evaluated. The cohort was dichotomized into 2 groups: PT versus no PT. The outcomes were days from initial PT visit to symptom resolution (SR) and return-to-play. Subgroup analyses compared recovery metrics between those initiating PT before and after 30 (1 mo) and 90 days (3 mo) of injury. A univariable and multivariable regression was used to determine predictors of recovery. Results: Of 1010 concussed athletes, 205 (20.3%) received referral for rehabilitation, and 58 (28.3%) patients received PT at the parent institution. Those who received PT had a higher number of prior concussions compared with those who did not (PT: 1.0 [1.2]; non-PT: 0.6 + 1.0; χ2 = 19.37, P = .007). A large proportion of PT recipients reported headache (n = 45, 81.0%); visual disturbances (n = 32, 65.5%); and vestibular (n = 37, 63.8%), cervical (n = 25, 43.1%), or oculomotor dysfunction (n = 25, 43.1%). Most patients received exertional therapy (n = 32, 55.1%), vestibular therapy (n = 31, 53.4%), and/or cervical therapy (n = 30, 51.7%). Those initiating PT before 1 and 3 months had significantly shorter median times to SR compared with those initiating after 1 and 3 months, respectively. Multivariable regression showed that a shorter time between injury and the initial PT visit was predictive of faster SR (β = 1.66, P = .048). Conclusions: Headache, dizziness, and visual disturbances were commonly reported symptoms by patients who received PT. Cervical, vestibular, and oculomotor deficits were common objective findings by physical therapists, and cervical, vestibular, and exertional therapy were common interventions. Delayed time to PT was independently associated with a longer time to SR.
Differential murine responses to
Schistosoma mansoni
eggs in the liver and small intestine lead to downmodulation of hepatic but not intestinal periovular granulomas
Authors: Montasser Ashgan , Dakrory Ahmad E. , Ibrahim Mohamed I. M. , El Zayyat Emad , Tallima Hatem , El Ridi Rashika 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

To control schistosomiasis mansoni, it is important to attempt preventing the worms’ egg-induced pathology in the liver and limiting pathogen transmission following egg exit from the intestines to the exterior. Therefore, the present study aimed to clarify the reasons behind the decades-long riddle of periovular granulomas downmodulation in the liver, but not the small intestine, with the progression of murine schistosomiasis mansoni. Outbred female CD-1 mice were percutaneously exposed to 15
Schistosoma mansoni
cercariae. The liver and small intestine were collected from mice harboring a minimum of a worm couple at 8, 12, 16, and 20 weeks post-infection, assessed for egg counts/g and histopathological changes, and used to prepare Triton X-100 extracts. Content of cytokines, saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, triglycerides, cholesterol, reactive oxygen species, and uric acid per mg tissue extract proteins were evaluated using capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, gas chromatography-flame ionization detector, and standard commercially available reagents, respectively. Examination of hematoxylin-eosin-stained tissue sections confirmed the decrease in size and changes in cellular composition of periovular granulomas in the liver but not the small intestine, associated with wide differences in released cytokines types and amounts, and content of the bioactive lipids, arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acids, reactive oxygen species, and uric acid. The results together disclosed that the downmodulation of hepatic, but not the small intestine, circumoval granulomas with the progression of murine
S. mansoni
naturally results from site- and tissue- specific immunological and biochemical responses to the egg-derived antigens and molecules and suggested that the intestines appear to harbor immune-privileged sites.
Aggregation Behavior of Carbamate-Functionalized Monocationic Morpholinium Surfactants in Aqueous Media
Authors: Gaynanova G. A. , Vasileva L. A. , Markelov A. K. , Kuznetsov D. M. , Lenina O. A. , Lyubina A. P. , Voloshina A. D. , Petrov K. A. , Zakharova L. Ya. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
New morpholinium surfactants with a carbamate fragment between the amphiphile head group and its hydrophobic tail (CnMB-carb, where n = 8, 10, 12, 14, 16) were synthesized. The cmc values obtained by tensiometry for dodecyl, tetradecyl, and hexadecyl homologues are 3–4 times lower than those of 4-alkyl-4-methylmorpholinium bromides. The introduction of a carbamate fragment can be considered as tool for controlling cmc values. The calculation of the thermodynamic parameters of micellization, i.e., Gibbs free energy of micellization (∆Gmic), enthalpy of micellization (ΔHmic), entropy of micellization (ΔSmic), were carried out based on the temperature dependences of specific electrical conductivity as a function of surfactant concentration. It was determined that the aggregation of cationic surfactants is driven by the entropy and ΔG(CH2) is equal to 3.26 kJ/mol. The cmc values determined by fluorimetry were approximately two times lower than those obtained by tensiometry and conductometry, probably due to the ability to identify premicellar aggregates. Using the spectrophotometry, a twofold increase in the solubilization capacity of C16MB-carb (0.036 molOOT/molsurf) was established in comparison with a non-functionalized morpholinium surfactants with the same tail length (0.019 molOOT/molsurf). The “closed bottle test” showed that the degree of CnMB-carb biodegradation reaches 56.7–62.3%. It was found that the antimicrobial activity of the surfactants increases with the lengthening of the hydrocarbon tail with maximum activity for the tetradecyl homologue. In addition, dose-dependent activity of C14MB-carb and C16MB-carb on the cell wall, cell membrane, and membrane potential of Staphylococcus aureus was shown.
Comparison of baseline clinical characteristics and patterns of visual field defects between high-tension and normal-tension glaucoma
Authors: Chen Zidong , Yang Wenxin , Yang Yangfan , Jiang Yuzhen , Zhang Yuning , Zhang Xinyi , Luo Chongxuan , Wang Mingqin , Fan Yanmei , Liu Pingping , Nathwani Neil , Gazzard Gus , Yu Minbin 
Published: November 2024

AimsTo compare the baseline clinical characteristics and patterns of visual field defects between high-tension glaucoma (HTG) and normal-tension glaucoma (NTG) in the Laser in Glaucoma and Ocular Hypertension (LiGHT) China subjects.MethodsAll patients (n=622) were recruited at Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center from 2015 to 2019. 1105 open-angle glaucoma eyes of 622 patients were classified as NTG (n=559) and HTG eyes (n=546) according to the baseline intraocular pressure (IOP) of 21 mm Hg. The mean deviation (MD), regional MD of the Glaucoma Hemifield Test regions and regional difference values were calculated. Daytime phasing IOP was recorded at 8:00, 10:00, 11:30, 14:30 and 17:00 hour. Multiple regression analyses were conducted for each regional difference.ResultsPatients with NTG were older, more likely to be female, hypertensive and suffer ischaemic heart disease than patients with HTG (p<0.05 for all comparisons). HTG showed higher mean daytime phasing IOP and higher daytime fluctuations than NTG (p<0.001 for all comparisons). HTG and NTG showed similar MD overall (p=0.665). NTG showed significantly greater hemifield asymmetry than HTG. The two arcuate regional differences in NTG were significantly associated with daytime IOP fluctuations (p<0.01 in both regions).ConclusionsIn the LiGHT China trial, NTG and HTG showed similar visual field defects severity at enrolment. However, NTG showed more severe hemifield asymmetry compared with HTG, and higher short-time IOP fluctuations might exacerbate this asymmetry in NTG.
Identifying colorectal cancer-specific vulnerabilities in the Wnt-driven long non-coding transcriptome
Authors: Schwarzmueller Laura J , Adam Ronja S , Moreno Leandro F , Nijman Lisanne E , Logiantara Adrian , Eleonora Steven , Bril Oscar , Vromans Sophie , de Groot Nina E , Giugliano Francesca Paola , Stepanova Ekaterina , Muncan Vanesa , Elbers Clara C , Lenos Kristiaan J , Zwijnenburg Danny A , van Eijndhoven Monique A J , Pegtel Dirk Michiel , van Neerven Sanne M , Loayza-Puch Fabricio , Dadali Tulin , Broom Wendy J , Maier Martin A , Koster Jan , Vermeulen Louis , Léveillé Nicolas 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundAberrant Wnt pathway activation is a key driver of colorectal cancer (CRC) and is essential to sustain tumour growth and progression. Although the downstream protein-coding target genes of the Wnt cascade are well known, the long non-coding transcriptome has not yet been fully resolved.ObjectiveIn this study, we aim to comprehensively reveal the Wnt-regulated long non-coding transcriptome and exploit essential molecules as novel therapeutic targets.DesignWe used global run-on sequencing to define β-catenin-regulated long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in CRC. CRISPRi dropout screens were subsequently used to establish the functional relevance of a subset of these lncRNAs for long-term expansion of CRC.ResultsWe uncovered thatLINC02418is essential for cancer cell clonogenic outgrowth. Mechanistically,LINC02418regulates MYC expression levels to promote CRC stem cell functionality and prevent terminal differentiation. Furthermore, we developed effective small interfering RNA (siRNA)-based therapeutics to targetLINC02418RNAin vivo.ConclusionWe propose that cancer-specific Wnt-regulated lncRNAs provide novel therapeutic opportunities to interfere with the Wnt pathway, which has so far defied effective pharmacological inhibition.
HHH whitepaper
Authors: Abouabid Hamza , Arhrib Abdesslam , Arnold Hannah , Azevedo Duarte , Brigljevic Vuko , Chen Maggie , Diaz Daniel , Duarte Javier , du Pree Tristan , El Falaki Jaouad , Ferencek Dinko , Ferreira Pedro. M. , Fuks Benjamin , Ganguly Sanmay , Karkout Osama , Kolosova Marina , Konigsberg Jacobo , Landsberg Greg , Liu Bingxuan , Moser Brian , Mühlleitner Margarete , Papaefstathiou Andreas , Pasechnik Roman , Robens Tania , Santos Rui , Sheldon Brian , Soyez Gregory , Stamenkovic Marko , Stylianou Panagiotis , Susa Tatjana , Tetlalmatzi-Xolocotzi Gilberto , Weiglein Georg , Zanderighi Giulia , Zhang Rui 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWe here report on the progress of the HHH Workshop, that took place in Dubrovnik in July 2023. After the discovery of a particle that complies with the properties of the Higgs boson of the Standard Model, all Standard Model (SM) parameters are in principle determined. However, in order to verify or falsify the model, the full form of the potential has to be determined. This includes the measurement of the triple and quartic scalar couplings.We here report on ongoing progress of measurements for multi-scalar final states, with an emphasis on three SM-like scalar bosons at 125 $$\,\text {Ge}\hspace{-.08em}\text {V}$$

Ge

V

, but also mentioning other options. We discuss both experimental progress and challenges as well as theoretical studies and models that can enhance such rates with respect to the SM predictions.
Urban Traffic Simulation with Shared Mobility Services: An Approach Using Spatiotemporal Network Kernel Density Estimation and MATSim
Authors: Khalil Jalal , Yan Da , Yuan Lyuheng , Jafarzadehfadaki Mostafa , Adhikari Saugat , Han Jiao , Sisiopiku Virginia , Jiang Zhe 
Published: November 2024

The popularity of smartphones and 4G/5G network have enabled various novel transportation modes based on shared mobility, such as app-based ride-hailing services (e.g., Uber and Lyft) and shared micromobility services (e.g., Veo and Gotcha). However, little is known about to what degree their operations impact urban traffic, which is important for transportation planning and policy making. These companies seldom share their ride data due to business and user privacy reasons, and they are young and still exploring and growing their market to new locations. Recently, transportation engineering researchers began to collect data in large cities trying to understand the transportation impacts of shared mobility services, but (1) there does not exist a general analytics framework applicable to any city, and (2) the studies were based on historical data and cannot project the future easily to catch up with the rapid development of shared mobility services.
In this paper, we introduce a general framework for multi-modal urban traffic analytics. The goal is to build a digital twin of the transportation in a city, i.e., an accurate agent-based transportation simulation model, based on a medium-sized dataset of the interested transportation modes collected by the research group combined with other open data sources such as US Census Bureau. With this digital twin, transportation engineering researchers can flexibly analyze the impact of shared mobility services under different scenarios, such as “if the number of Uber drivers doubles” or “if the number of deployed e-scooters doubles”. The digital twin may also enable new opportunities, such as being an environment for learning policies with reinforcement learning. Our framework consists of three steps: (1) fitting the spatiotemporal distribution of the shared mobility rides on the underlying road network, (2) generating the travel day-plans of the entire urban population based on the learned spatiotemporal ride distribution and user-specified parameters, and (3) configuring an agent-based simulation software such as MATSim to execute the generated realistic day-plans, which provides detailed transportation data for analytics. At the core of our approach is a new spatiotemporal network kernel density estimation (KDE) method that fixes the flaw of prior methods where the contributions of different data samples are not equal. We also propose a crowdsourcing method to collect app-based ride data that is easy to carry out in any city. Using Birmingham, AL as an example, we demonstrate how our framework can be applied to help transportation engineering researchers analyze the impacts of Uber ride-hailing and Veo e-scooter services.
Epidemiological Trends, Etiology, and Burden Study of Heart Failure in China, 1990–2019
Authors: Ying Tao , Wang Han , Nie Qiong , Yan Wei , Wu Jing 
Published: November 2024

Background: Despite the enormous impact of heart failure (HF) in China, there is a relative lack of research on its epidemiologic trends and burden. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a comprehensive and in‐depth analysis of the epidemiologic patterns, underlying etiology, and overall burden of HF.Objective: This study aimed to elucidate the epidemiology, etiology, and burden of HF in China and provided a comprehensive and up‐to‐date analysis, including temporal trends from 1900 to 2019.Methods: The data for this study were derived from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study 2019. Descriptive analyses were conducted to examine the prevalence and years lived with disability (YLD) rates in China from 1990 to 2019, with variables including year, sex, and age. To illustrate the temporal trend spanning 1990 to 2019, estimated average annual percentage changes (AAPC) were calculated.Results: In 2019, the number of prevalent HF cases in China was 18.51 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI]: 14.97 to 23.02 million), representing 32.9% of the global prevalence. Between 1990 and 2019, the number of cases and the prevalence rates of HF in China showed an increasing trend. The age‐standardized prevalence rates (ASPRs) demonstrated an overall declining trend (AAPC = −0.16, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.19 to −0.13, p < 0.01), as did the age‐standardized YLD rates (AAPC = −0.13, 95% CI: −0.16 to −0.1, p < 0.01). However, from 2017 to 2019, a gradual increase was observed (AAPC = 1.72, 95% CI: 1.47 to 1.96, p < 0.01). In the age‐based analysis, individuals aged 55 years and older accounted for 88.3% of the prevalent cases. Women exhibited higher case numbers and ASPR compared to men. In the cause‐based analysis, hypertensive heart disease emerged as the primary etiology of HF in China.Conclusion: From 1990 to 2019, the ASPR and age‐standardized YLD rates for HF in China demonstrated an overall decreasing trend. Nevertheless, the trend increased from 2017 to 2019, with significant variations observed by gender and age. Therefore, continued attention to the disease burden of HF in China remains essential. Healthy lifestyles are important for minimizing the prevalence of HF. In addition, it is necessary to address and reduce the incidence of hypertension from all causes to mitigate the disease burden further.
A Phase II Basket Trial of Dual Anti–CTLA-4 and Anti–PD-1 Blockade in Rare Tumors SWOG S1609: Vulvar Cancers
Authors: Chae Young Kwang , Corthell Lucy , Patel Sandip Pravin , Edwards Robert , Scalici Jennifer M. , Kim Hye Sung , Chung Liam Il-Young , Othus Megan , McLeod Christine M. , Chen Helen X. , Sharon Elad , Streicher Howard , Ryan Christopher W. , Blanke Charles D. , Kurzrock Razelle 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Purpose:
Dual PD-1/CTLA-4 inhibition shows promise in various malignancies. The SWOG S1609 Dual Anti–CTLA-4 and Anti–PD-1 Blockade in Rare Tumors (DART) trial presents initial results of ipilimumab/nivolumab in vulvar cancers.

Patients and Methods:
DART is a prospective/open-label/multicenter (1,016 US sites)/multicohort phase II clinical trial of ipilimumab (1 mg/kg intravenously every 6 weeks) plus nivolumab (240 mg intravenously every 2 weeks). The primary endpoint was objective response rate [ORR; confirmed complete response and partial response (PR)] per RECISTv1.1, whereas progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival, clinical benefit rate (CBR; ORR plus stable disease ≥6 months), and toxicity were secondary endpoints.

Results:
Sixteen evaluable patients (median age, 55.5 years; 0–6 prior therapies; no prior immunotherapy) were analyzed, all of whom had squamous cell carcinoma histology. The ORR was 18.8% (3/16), CBR was 25% (4/16), and CBR plus unconfirmed PR rate was 31% (5/16); the PFS was 34.1, 16.7. 15.5, 7.2, and 7.0 months for these five patients, respectively. The median PFS and overall survival were 2.2 and 7.6 months, respectively. The most common adverse events were diarrhea, fatigue, pruritus, anorexia, and nausea (25%, n = 4 each). Grade 3 to 4 adverse events occurred in 25% of patients (n = 4). There was one grade 1 to 2 adverse event (6.7%) that led to discontinuation and one (6.7%) grade 5 death adverse event.

Conclusions:
Ipilimumab plus nivolumab in vulvar cancers resulted in an objective response in 3 of 16 patients, all of whom had durable responses lasting over 1 year. Notably, two additional patients experienced durable stable disease and unconfirmed PR. Correlative studies to determine response and resistance markers are ongoing.