bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Protective effects of oxymatrine against DSS-induced acute intestinal inflammation in mice via blocking the RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway
Authors: Wang Yifan , Shou Zhexing , Fan Heng , Xu Meng , Chen Qianyun , Tang Qing , Liu Xingxing , Wu Hui , Zhang Man , Yu Ting , Deng Shuangjiao , Liu Yujin 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Oxymatrine (OMT) is an important quinoxaline alkaloid that has a wide range of pharmacological effects and has been shown to alleviate ulcerative colitis due to its profound anti-inflammatory effects. The RhoA/ROCK (Rho kinase) signaling pathway has been shown to be related to the pathogenesis of several autoimmune diseases; however, the specific mechanisms of RhoA/ROCK signaling in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remain elusive. Therefore, we sought to determine whether OMT could ameliorate acute intestinal inflammation by targeting the RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway. The potential therapeutic effect of OMT on acute intestinal inflammation and its impact on the RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway were assessed in six groups of mice treated with low, medium and high doses of OMT (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg, respectively), and an inhibitor of ROCK, Y-27632, as a positive control, after initiating dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced acute intestinal inflammation. The model group and normal group were injected intraperitoneally with equal doses of PBS. Our results showed that OMT treatment could protect the integrity of the epithelial barrier, relieve oxidative stress, inhibit the expression of inflammatory mediators and pro-inflammatory cytokines, restrain the differentiation of Th17 cells and promote the differentiation of Treg cells via inhibition of the RhoA/ROCK pathway, thus providing therapeutic benefits for ulcerative colitis (UC). Therefore, inhibiting the RhoA/ROCK pathway might be a new approach that can be used in UC therapy, which deserves to be investigated further.
Complete mitochondrial genomes confirm the generic placement of the plateau vole,Neodon fuscus
Authors: Li Jian-Qiu , Li Li , Fu Bao-Quan , Yan Hong-Bin , Jia Wan-Zhong 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe plateau vole, Neodon fuscus is endemic to China and is distributed mainly in Qinghai Province. It is of public health interest, as it is, a potential reservoir of Toxoplasma gondii and the intermediate host of Echinococcus multilocularis. However, genetic data of this species are lacking, and its name and taxonomy are still a controversy. In the present study, we determined the nucleotide sequence of the entire mitochondrial (mt) genome of N. fuscus and analyzed its evolutionary relationship. The mitogenome was 16328 bp in length and contained 13 protein-coding genes, 22 genes for transfer RNAs (tRNA), two ribosomal RNA genes and two major noncoding regions (OL region and D-loop region). Most genes were located on the heavy strand. All tRNA genes had typical cloverleaf structures except for tRNASer (GCU). The mt genome of N. fuscus was rich in A+T (58.45%). Maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian methods yielded phylogenetic trees from 33 mt genomes of Arvicolinae, in which N. fuscus formed a sister group with Neodon irene and Neodon sikimensis to the exclusion of species of Microtus and other members of the Arvicolinae. Further phylogenetic analyses (ML only) based on the cytb gene sequences also demonstrated that N. fuscus had a close relationship with N. irene. The complete mitochondrial genome was successfully assembled and annotated, providing the necessary information for the phylogenetic analyses. Although the name Lasiopodomys fuscus was used in the book ‘Wilson & Reeder’s Mammal Species of the World’, we have confirmed here that its appropriate name is N. fuscus through an analysis of the evolutionary relationships.
Cardiovascular risk of sitagliptin in treating patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Zeng De-kang , Xiao Qian , Li Fa-qi , Tang Yu-zhi , Jia Chao-li , Tang Xue-wen 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have a very high risk of cardiovascular related events, and reducing complications is an important evaluation criterion of efficacy and safety of hypoglycemic drugs. Previous studies have shown that the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors (DPP4i), such as sitagliptin, might reduce the incidence of major cardiovascular events (MACEs). However, the safety and efficacy of sitagliptin remains controversial, especially the safety for cardiovascular related events. Here, a systematic review was conducted to assess the cardiovascular safety of sitagliptin in T2DM patients. The literature research dating up to October 2018 was performed in the electronic database. The clinical trials about sitagliptin for T2DM patients were included. Two reviewers independently screened literature according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The primary outcome was the MACE, and the secondary outcome was all-cause mortality. Finally, 32 clinical trials composed of 16082 T2DM patients were included in this meta-analysis. The results showed that: there was no significant difference between sitagliptin group and the control group on MACE (odds ratio (OR) = 0.85, 95% confidence intervals (CIs) = 0.63–1.15), myocardial infarction (MI) (OR = 0.66, 95% CI = 0.38–1.16), stroke (OR = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.44–1.54) and mortality (OR = 0.52, 95% CI = 0.26–1.07). These results demonstrated that sitagliptin did not increase the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with T2DM.
Overexpression of long non-coding RNA LINC00982 suppresses cell proliferation and tumor growth of papillary thyroid carcinoma through PI3K-ATK signaling pathway
Authors: Xu Debin , Yu Jichun , Zhuang Shimin , Zhang Shuyong , Hong Zhengdong , Yuan Chunlei 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been widely reported that involved in human cancers, including papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). The present study aims to investigate the biological role of LINC00982 in PTC. The mRNA expression of LINC00982 in human PTC tissues was detected using qPCR. Moreover, Kaplan–Meier method was performed to analyze the internal relevance between LINC00982 expression and overall survival (OS) rate of patients with PTC. In addition, gain- and loss-of-functions assays were performed to detect the effects of LINC00982 on the cell proliferation and migration in PTC cells. Furthermore, western blot assay was used to measure the alteration expression levels of apoptosis relative proteins and the relative protein involved phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT signaling pathway. Finally, a xenograft model was used to analyze the antitumor role of LINC00982 in vivo. Here, we found that LINC00982 was decreased in human PTC tissues. Patients with decreased LINC00982 expression levels had a reduced OS (P=0.0019) compared with those with high LINC00982 expression levels. Overexpression of LINC00982 suppressed the proliferation and migration of BHT101 and B-CPAP cells and promoted cell apoptosis. Knockdown of LINC00982 promoted the proliferation and migration of BHT101 and B-CPAP cells and induced cell apoptosis. Moreover, in vivo assay showed that overexpression of LINC00982 could suppress the growth of PTC. Finally, LINC00982 could regulate the activity of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, our findings demonstrated that overexpression of LINC00982 could suppress cell proliferation and induce cell apoptosis by regulating PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in PTC.
The pathogenic role of connective tissue growth factor in osteoarthritis
Authors: Tu Min , Yao Yao , Qiao Feng Hua , Wang Li 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis, and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) is found to be up-regulated in adjacent areas of cartilage surface damage. CTGF is present in osteophytes of late stage OA. In the present study, we have reviewed association of CTGF in the development and progression of OA and the potential effects of CTGF as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of OA. We have reviewed the recent articles on CTGF and OA in databases like PubMed, google scholar, and SCOPUS and collected the information for the articles. CTGF is usually up-regulated in synovial fluid of OA that stimulates the production of inflammatory cytokines. CTGF also activates nuclear factor-κB, increases the production of chemokines and cytokines, and up-regulates matrix metalloproteinases-3 (MMP-3) that in turn leads to the reduction in proteoglycan contents in joint cartilage. Consequently, cartilage homeostasis is imbalanced that might contribute to the pathogenesis of OA by developing synovial inflammation and cartilage degradation. CTGF might serve as a useful biomarker for the prognosis and treatment of OA, and recent studies have taken attempt to use CTGF as therapeutic target of OA. However, more investigations with clinical trials are necessary to validate the possibility of use of CTGF as a biomarker in OA diagnosis and therapeutic target for OA treatment.
Die Endoprothetik am oberen Sprunggelenk – Der aktuelle Stand
Authors: Hoffmann Tobias , Henniger Martina , Rehart Stefan 
Published: July 2019

ZusammenfassungNach schlechten Ergebnissen der ersten Prothesenmodelle in den 1970/-80er-Jahren mit kurzen Standzeiten und hohen Revisionsraten sind die aktuellen Langzeitergebnisse verschiedener Prothesentypen vielversprechend. Durch verbessertes Design und Implantationsmethoden erlauben „moderne“ Prothesen weitgehend physiologische Bewegungen, bei längeren Standzeiten. Mit im Mittel 20°–30° radiologisch gemessener Gesamtbewegung erreichen die sogenannten „Drei-Komponenten-Prothesen“ die für den normalen Gang notwendige Bewegungsbreite.Aktuelle Diskussionen in der Literatur beziehen sich u. a. auf das Patientenalter als Einflussfaktor auf das Outcome. Aufgrund der verbesserten Revisionsoptionen und einer aktuell gutenStudienlage dazu wird vielfach empfohlen, den Gelenkersatz des oberen Sprunggelenks auch bei jüngeren Patienten als Therapieoption zu berücksichtigen. In der Literatur werden unabhängig vom Prothesenmodell übereinstimmende Standzeiten von 78–94 % im 5-Jahres-Follow-up beschrieben. Untersuchungen mit größeren Fallzahlen und einer längeren Beobachtungszeit stehen noch aus.Trotz verbesserten Prothesendesigns sind die klinischen Ergebnisse der OSG-TEPs noch längst nicht so zufriedenstellend, wie die der Knie- und Hüftendoprothetik. Hervorgehoben wird einheitlich, dass eine der Schwierigkeiten besonders in der sehr flachen Lernkurve liegt. In Deutschland werden jährlich insgesamt nur ca. 2000 Prothesen implantiert. Daher sollte ein entsprechender Eingriff Zentren vorbehalten bleiben, die höhere Fallzahlen versorgen.
Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Essential Oils in the Family Lauraceae: A Systematic Review of the Literature
Authors: Damasceno Carolina Sette Barbosa , Fabri Higaki Natasha Tiemi , Dias Josiane de Fátima Gaspari , Miguel Marilis Dallarmi , Miguel Obdulio Gomes 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe Lauraceae family is predominantly found in Asia and in the rainforests of the Americas, and consists mostly of aromatic trees. Being an essential oil producer, this family is used in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries. This work presents a systematic review of the chemical composition and bioactivity of the essential oils from the Lauraceae family. Medline, Scielo, Web of Science, Lilacs, and Scopus were employed to identify articles published between 2000 and 2018, using “Lauraceae”, “essential oil”, and “biological activity” as key words. From 177 studies identified, 53 met the inclusion criteria. These studies indicated a predominance of the compounds β-caryophyllene and 1,8-cineole in Lauraceae species, and highlighted the antioxidant, antifungal, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory activities. Essential oils extracted from this family thus have high potential for pharmacological applications.
Halimium halimifolium: From the Chemical and Functional Characterization to a Nutraceutical Ingredient Design
Authors: Kerbab Khawla , Sansone Francesca , Zaiter Lahcene , Esposito Tiziana , Celano Rita , Franceschelli Silvia , Pecoraro Michela , Benayache Fadila , Rastrelli Luca , Picerno Patrizia , Aquino Rita P. , Mencherini Teresa 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Halimium halimifolium (Hh) is a shrub used in Algerian folk medicine to treat gastrointestinal pain. An UHPLC-PDA-ESI/MSn method was developed to identify the metabolic profile of the traditionally used infusion (Hh-A) from the aerial parts. The structures of flavanols were confirmed by NMR analysis after the isolation procedure from a hydrohalcolic extract (Hh-B) that also allowed for the identification of phenolic acids, an aryl butanol glucoside, and different derivatives of quercetin, myricetin, and kaempferol. Tiliroside isomers were the chemical markers of Hh-A and Hh-B (54.33 and 36.00 mg/g, respectively). Hh-A showed a significant scavenging activity both against the radicals 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2′-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (EC50 = 10.49 µg/mL and TEAC value = 1.98 mM Trolox/mg infusion) and the lipopolysaccharide-induced reactive oxygen species release in A375 and HeLa cells. Moreover, the antihyperglycemic properties, by inhibiting the α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes (IC50 = 0.82 mg/mL and 25.01 µg/mL, respectively), were demonstrated. To upgrade the therapeutic effect, a microencapsulation process is proposed as a strategy to optimize stability, handling, and delivery of bioactive components, avoiding the degradation and loss of the biological efficacy after oral intake. Hh-loaded microparticles were designed using cellulose acetate phthalate as the enteric coating material and spray drying as a production process. The results showed a satisfactory process yield (67.9%), encapsulation efficiency (96.7%), and micrometric characteristics of microparticles (laser-scattering, fluorescent, and scanning electron microscopy). In vitro dissolution studies (USPII-pH change method) showed that Hh-loaded microparticles are able to prevent the release and degradation of the bioactive components in the gastric tract, releasing them into the intestinal environment.
Recent Advances in the Synthesis of 5-Substituted 1H-Tetrazoles: A Complete Survey (2013–2018)
Authors: Mittal Rupali , Awasthi Satish K. 
Published: July 2019

Tetrazoles are synthetic organic heterocyclic compounds comprising of high nitrogen content among stable heterocycles. Tetrazoles, chiefly 5-substituted 1H-tetrazoles have been used as a bioisosteric replacement for carboxylic acids in medicinal chemistry. Various clinical drugs, including losartan, cefazolin, and alfentanil, contain the tetrazole moiety. There have been significant developments in the synthesis of 5-substituted 1H-tetrazoles. Researchers are still working to develop more efficient and ecofriendly methods for their synthesis. In this review, we provide a comprehensive discussion of the recent advancements in the field of synthesis of 5-substituted 1H-tetrazoles.1	Introduction2	The Role of 5-Substituted 1H-Tetrazoles in Medicinal Chemistry3	Synthesis of 5-Substituted 1H-Tetrazoles3.1	Microwave-Assisted Synthesis3.2	Heterogeneous Catalysts3.3	Nanoparticles as Heterogeneous Catalysts3.4	Miscellaneous Methods4	Sartans: A Class of Tetrazole-Based Commercial Drugs5	Conclusions
New trends in the development of electrophoretic deposition method in the solid oxide fuel cell technology: theoretical approaches, experimental solutions and development prospects
Authors: Kalinina Elena G. , Pikalova Elena Yu. 
Published: July 2019

The key features and challenges of the use of electrophoretic deposition for the formation of functional layers of solid oxide fuel cells are considered. Theoretical models and experimental results of the studies of electrophoretic deposition are presented. The analysis covers the physicochemical deposition mechanisms, methods for preparing suspensions and conditions necessary for obtaining thin-film electrode and protective single- and multi-layers with both dense and porous structure for solid oxide fuel cells. The prospects of theoretical simulations of the method and its potential practical applications are evaluated.
The bibliography includes 282 references.
Scattering by a periodic tube in

R3

: part ii. A radiation condition
Authors: Kirsch Andreas 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This second part of a pair of papers complements the first part (see Kirsch 2018 (35 104004)) but can be read independently. Scattering of time-harmonic waves from periodic structures at some fixed real-valued wave number becomes analytically difficult whenever there arise surface waves: These non-zero solutions to the homogeneous scattering problem physically correspond to modes propagating along the periodic structure and clearly imply non-uniqueness of any solution to the scattering problem. As in the first part we consider a medium described by a refractive index which is periodic along the axis of an infinite cylinder in

and constant outside of the cylinder. We formulate a proper radiation condition which allows the existence of traveling modes (and is motivated by the limiting absorption principle proven in the first part) and prove uniqueness and existence.
Scattering by a periodic tube in

R3

: part i. The limiting absorption principle*
Authors: Kirsch Andreas 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Scattering of time-harmonic waves from periodic structures at some fixed real-valued wave number becomes analytically difficult whenever there arise surface waves: These non-zero solutions to the homogeneous scattering problem physically correspond to modes propagating along the periodic structure and clearly imply non-uniqueness of any solution to the scattering problem. In this paper, we consider a medium, described by a refractive index which is periodic along the axis of an infinite cylinder in

and constant outside of the cylinder. We prove that there is a so-called limiting absorption solution to the associated scattering problem. By definition, such a solution is the limit of a sequence of unique solutions for artificial complex-valued wave numbers tending to the above-mentioned real-valued wave number. By the standard one-dimensional Floquet–Bloch transform and the introduction of the exterior Dirichlet–Neumann map we first reduce the scattering problem to a class of periodic problems in a bounded cell, depending on the wave number k and the Bloch parameter

. We use a functional analytic singular perturbation result to study this problem in a neighborhood of a singular pair

. This abstract result allows us to derive explicitly a representation for the limiting absorption solution as a sum of a decaying part (along the axis of the cylinder) and a finite sum of propagating modes.
The hunt for the third acceptor in CuInSe2 and Cu(In,Ga)Se2 absorber layers
Authors: Babbe Finn , Elanzeery Hossam , Wolter Max H , Santhosh Korra , Siebentritt Susanne 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The model for intrinsic defects in Cu(In,Ga)Se2 semiconductor layers is still under debate for the full range between CuInSe2 and CuGaSe2. It is commonly agreed by theory and experiment, that there are at least one shallow donor and two shallow acceptors. Spatially resolved photoluminescence on CuGaSe2 previously revealed a third acceptor. In this study we show with the same method that the photoluminescence peak at 0.94 eV in CuInSe2, previously attributed to a third acceptor, is a phonon replica. However another pronounced peak at 0.9 eV is detected on polycrystalline CuInSe2 samples grown with high copper and selenium excess. Intensity and temperature dependent photoluminescence measurements reveal that this peak originates from a DA-transition from a shallow donor (<8 meV) into a shallow acceptor A3 (135

10) meV. The DA3 transition has three distinct phonon replicas with 28 meV spectral spacing and a Huang Rhys factor of 0.75. Complementary admittance measurements are dominated by one main step with an activation energy of 125 meV which corresponds well with the found A3 defect. The same defect is also observed in Cu(In,Ga)Se2 samples with low gallium content. For [Ga]/([Ga]  +  [In])-ratios of up to 0.15 both methods show a concordant increase of the activation energy with increasing gallium content shifting the defect deeper into the bandgap. The indium vacancy

is discussed as a possible origin of the third acceptor level in CuInSe2 and

in Cu(In,Ga)Se2.
Image reconstruction for interrupted-beam x-ray CT on diagnostic clinical scanners
Authors: Muckley Matthew J , Chen Baiyu , Vahle Thomas , O’Donnell Thomas , Knoll Florian , Sodickson Aaron D , Sodickson Daniel K , Otazo Ricardo 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Low-dose x-ray CT is a major research area with high clinical impact. Compressed sensing using view-based sparse sampling and sparsity-promoting regularization has shown promise in simulations, but these methods can be difficult to implement on diagnostic clinical CT scanners since the x-ray beam cannot be switched on and off rapidly enough. An alternative to view-based sparse sampling is interrupted-beam sparse sampling. SparseCT is a recently-proposed interrupted-beam scheme that achieves sparse sampling by blocking a portion of the beam using a multislit collimator (MSC). The use of an MSC necessitates a number of modifications to the standard compressed sensing reconstruction pipeline. In particular, we find that SparseCT reconstruction is feasible within a model-based image reconstruction framework that incorporates data fidelity weighting to consider penumbra effects and source jittering to consider the effect of partial source obstruction. Here, we present these modifications and demonstrate their application in simulations and real-world prototype scans. In simulations compared to conventional low-dose acquisitions, SparseCT is able to achieve smaller normalized root-mean square differences and higher structural similarity measures on two reduction factors. In prototype experiments, we successfully apply our reconstruction modifications and maintain image resolution at quarter-dose reduction level. The SparseCT design requires only small hardware modifications to current diagnostic clinical scanners, opening up new possibilities for CT dose reduction.
Coated conductor technology for the beamscreen chamber of future high energy circular colliders
Authors: Puig T , Krkotić P , Romanov A , O’Callaghan J , Zanin D A , Neupert H , Pinto P C , Demolon P , Costa A Granadeiro , Taborelli M , Perez F , Pont M , Gutierrez J , Calatroni S 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The surface resistance of state-of-the-art REBa2Cu3O7−x
coated conductors has been measured at 8 GHz versus temperature and magnetic field. We show that the surface resistance of REBa2Cu3O7−x
strongly depends on the microstructure of the material. We have compared our results to those determined by the rigid fluxon model. The model gives a very good qualitative description of our data, opening the door to unravel the effect of material microstructure and vortex interactions on the surface resistance of high temperature superconductors. Moreover, it provides a powerful tool to design the best coated conductor architecture that minimizes the in-field surface resistance. We have found that the surface resistance of REBa2Cu3O7−x
at 50 K and up to 9 T is lower than that of copper. This fact poses coated conductors as strong candidate to substitute copper as a beamscreen coating in CERN’s future circular collider. To this end we have also analyzed the secondary electron yield (SEY) of REBa2Cu3O7−x
and found a compatible coating made of sputtered Ti and amorphous carbon that decreases the SEY close to unity, a mandatory requirement for the beamscreen chamber of a circular collider in order to prevent the electron-cloud phenomenon.