bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Yeni bir 4-boyutlu tedarik zinciri sisteminde hiperkaos
Authors: Çağıl Gültekin , Açıkgöz Neslihan 
Published: April 2018

Tedarik zinciri, müşteri ihtiyaçlarını karşılayabilmek için
hammadde tedarikinden başlayarak müşteriye ürün teslimine kadar devam eden tüm
süreçlerdeki birçok faktörün etkisi altında olması bakımından karmaşık ve
kaotik bir yapıya sahiptir. Kaotik
tedarik zinciri, sistemi oluşturan değişkenlerin beklenmedik bazı davranışlar
sergilemesi ve bu davranışların uzun süreli tahminlerinin yapılamaması anlamına
gelmektedir. Literatürde farklı tedarik zinciri sistemlerinin matematiksel
modelleri oluşturularak kaotik yapılarının incelendiği çalışmalar mevcuttur. Bu
çalışmada ilk kez daha önce sunulan bir tedarik zinciri modelinin talep durum
denklemine lineer kontrolör eklenmiş ve oluşturulan bu yeni tedarik zinciri
sisteminin hiperkaotik davranış sergilediği görülmüştür. Elde edilen yeni 4
boyutlu hiperkaotik sistemin Matlab-Simulink programı kullanılarak sayısal
analizleri yapılmış ve hiperkaotik davranışı faz portreleri ile ortaya
konmuştur. Faz portresinde krank mili ya da çok katlı kelebek kanadı gibi bir
şekle benzeyen kaotik bir çekici oluştuğu gözlemlenmiştir. Çalışmanın sonucunda
tedarik zinciri sisteminde farklı davranışların meydana gelmesine neden olan
yeni terimin müşteri sadakati olarak tanımlanabileceği vurgulanmıştır.
RUSSIAN RESEARCH IN LATE IMPERIAL CHINA: THE CASE OF VLADIMIR OBRUCHEV'S EXPEDITION TO WEST CHINA, 1892–1894
Authors: CHUBAROV ILYA 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACT
Following the growth of Russian political interests in Inner Asia in the mid-19th century, the Russian Imperial Geographical Society (RGS) initiated a series of extensive multi-disciplinary field studies of the region, including areas which now are part of the People's Republic of China. These expeditions aimed to provide the Russian government and academia with detailed information on the region's ethnographic, geological, botanical and other features and also to promote Russian science on an international level. One of the longest expeditions, in terms of both time and distance, was that of Vladimir Obruchev, the future renowned novelist and Soviet academician, who at that time was a young Siberian geologist. In the span of two years beginning in September 1892, he covered a distance of more than 15,000 kilometers inside China. He was inspired by the studies of Ferdinand von Richthofen on loess soils that are found only on the Chinese Loess Plateau. Utilizing the route description from Obruchev's memoir “From Kyakhta to Kuldzha” (1940), the original copies of his field report to the Russian Imperial Geographical Society (1900), and various materials from the archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the library of the Institute of Geography, and the archive of the Russian Imperial Geographical Society, as well as Chinese databases and maps, the author made a detailed geographical and chronological reconstruction of the expedition route and itinerary on the modern map of China. More than 100 places have been identified and those points are available online as an interactive presentation. This contribution also presents a novel approach for studying the history of geographical exploration with all its complexity.
SOME NOTES TOWARDS A HISTORY OF IDEAS ON RIFTS AND EXTENSIONAL TECTONICS IN GENERAL
Authors: ŞENGÖR A. M. C. 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACT
The history of ideas on extensional tectonics is somewhat neglected in the general historiography of geology. This is because the occurrence of widespread extension on our planet was recognised late, although normal dip-slip faults are by far the most common of fault types and this had been noticed since the early days of mining. A review of the geological literature shows, however, that many geologists and miners did think of widespread extension on earth very early on. Their ideas did not have the same impact as ideas on shortening structures, because the latter are visually so much more spectacular in Europe, where the science of geology was born. Observations thus do govern the spread of ideas in the sciences, contrary to what many in the social disciplines claim.
THE OSCILLATORY SEISMIC MOTION AND THE DAILY MOTION OF THE EARTH IN FRANCESCO TRAVAGINI'S PHYSICA DISQUISITIO (1669).
Authors: GUIDOBONI EMANUELA , POIRIER JEAN-PAUL 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACT
Francesco Travagini, chemist, physician and naturalist, well known in Europe in his time, wrote the Physica Disquisitio after directly observing the effects of the 1667 Dubrovnik earthquake on the waters and buildings of Venice, distant by about 800 km. He posed the problem of the origin of the oscillatory motion of earthquakes, an aspect that had never been investigated before. Travagini reported his own observations, aware of being able to formulate only hypotheses, as he could not demonstrate, in a “mathematical and geometrical fashion”, how the vertical motion, which was observed in the area of major effects, could be transformed into an oscillatory motion. He made the assumption that the oscillations derived from the daily motion of the Earth, and used an example similar to the one that had been proposed by Galileo to explain the tides, (although without quoting him). Travagini was the first to observe the effect of surface waves at various distances from the epicenter of an earthquake.
FORGETTING AND REMEMBERING THE NEW MADRID EARTHQUAKES
Authors: AGNEW DUNCAN CARR 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACT
It has recently been argued that the large mid-continental earthquakes near New Madrid, Missouri, were mostly forgotten soon after they occurred in 1811–1812, in large part because the records available (historical narratives) were qualitative and taken to be unreliable. This obscurity is supposed to have lasted until the 1970s or later, when scientific study of the earthquakes resumed, and their significance for hazard became recognized. An examination of a wider range of sources suggests that while the memory of these earthquakes may have suffered the natural fate of most historical events, and faded in the broader population, the professional community of seismologists and engineers never lost sight of these earthquakes. Increased research in the 1970s on seismic hazards in mid-continental North America happened because of new opportunities created by funding and new technology, not a sudden remembering. Nor were these earthquakes neglected because seismology turned from description using descriptive measures (intensity of shaking) to analysis using instrumental data: intensity data were collected and used throughout the twentieth century.
CUSTODIAN OF THE GIBRALTAR SKULL: THE HISTORY OF THE GIBRALTAR SCIENTIFIC SOCIETY
Authors: MENEZ ALEX 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACT
The Gibraltar Skull, also known as Gibraltar 1 and the Forbes' Quarry skull, is Gibraltar's most famous fossil and has played an important role in our understanding of human evolution. In 1848 the skull was presented to the Gibraltar Scientific Society by its twenty-three-year-old Secretary, Lieutenant Edmund Henry Réné Flint; the receipt being recorded by a single line in its Minute Book. That record is the only known mention of the skull until its arrival in London in July 1864. The Society became the custodian of the skull from its presentation in 1848, to the Society's demise in 1853. Although the Society is mentioned in the majority of accounts of the discovery of the Gibraltar Skull, even if only to note that the skull was presented to the Society and that it was then subsequently stored away, almost no information about the Society exists in the published literature. The only surviving records of the Society's history are its Minute Book, several entries in one of the Minute Books of the Gibraltar Garrison Library, and The Gibraltar Chronicle and Commercial Intelligencer. This paper provides, for the first time, a history of the Society based on analysis of these sources, and from this assesses the curatorial and management approaches to its collection.
ROLE OF ICHNOLOGY IN THE HISTORY OF PHOTOGRAPHY
Authors: PEMBERTON S. GEORGE , PEMBERTON ERIN A. 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACT
Vertebrate ichnology in North America has a long and distinguished history, starting with the remarkable discoveries by Edward Hitchcock of dinosaur footprints and trackways in the Connecticut River Valley. Hitchcock assembled a unique collection that is currently housed in the Beneski Museum of Natural History, Amherst College, and his work essentially constituted the beginnings of ichnology as a viable sub-discipline of paleontology. Although his original interpretation that these Late Triassic locomotion traces were bird tracks was incorrect, he indirectly linked birds and dinosaurs. Other talented amateurs including John Collins Warren, James Deane, Dexter Marsh and Roswell Field worked on these track sites and some were prolific authors. Three major books have significance, Dr. John Collins Warren published his book Remarks on Some Fossil Impressions in the Sandstone Rocks of Connecticut River in 1854 making it the second book ever published exclusively on ichnology and the second American publication (and first American scientific publication) to be illustrated with a photograph, a salt print, used as the frontispiece depicting what he interpreted as the fossilized tracks of prehistoric birds. James Deane published a book in 1861entitled Ichnographs from the Sandstone of Connecticut River containing photographs and etchings. Finally, Edward Hitchcock published The Supplement to the Ichnology of New England in 1865 that contained seven albumen prints by the professional photographer J. Lovell of Amherst. These volumes pioneered the use of photography in American scientific publications.
EKONOFİZİK YAKLAŞIMI İLE KENTSEL REKABETÇİLİK İNDEKSİNİN OLUŞTURULMASI
Authors: Donmez Cem Çağri , Atalan Abdulkadir 
Published: April 2018

Kentsel ekonomi problemlerinin
analizi için birçok ekonomik metotlar kullanılmıştır. Ancak günümüzde daha
farklı bir yaklaşım olan ekonofizik metodu ile fiziğin temellerini oluşturan
yasaların ekonomide de geçerli olacağı, yapılan bilimsel araştırmalar sonucu
somut bir şekilde ortaya konulmuştur.
Kentsel rekabetçilik için önemli olan parametreler dikkate alınarak
kentsel rekabetçilik indeksi oluşturulmuştur. Ancak bu parametreler arasında
yer alan kent popülasyon yoğunluğunun kent ekonomisinde ve buna bağlı olarak
kentsel rekabetçilik indeksinde etkili olmadığı görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada,
ekonofizik yaklaşımı ile oluşturulan kentsel rekabetçilik indekslerinin kent
ekonomilerinde olan belirsizliğin ve dengesizliğin giderilmesi amaçlanmış olup,
ekonofiziğin kuramlarından olan istatistiksel fizik yöntemiyle sayısal veriler
kullanılarak kent ekonomisinde gelecek dönemler için somut bir sonuç elde
edilmiştir. Kentlerin ekonomisinde belirsizliğin ve dengesizliğin azalmasıyla,
diğer kentler ile rekabette daha güçlü olacakları bu çalışma ile ortaya
konulmuştur.
A comparative analysis of the application of piezoelectric surgery and mechanical osteoperforation techniques in modeling an orbital decompression
Authors: Konovalov Konstantin A. , Davydov Dmitriy V. , Roshchin Vitaliy Yu. 
Published: April 2018

Currently a wide range of instruments for surgical procedures on the bony structures of the orbits is offered. Each of them has its advantages and disadvantages. Cutter causes less injury, in comparison with a chisel or an ultrasonic saw [15]. In using a drill during surgery there was an increase in temperature of bone edge of the opening above acceptable values [17]. The use of low frequency ultrasonic tools allows you to create holes in the bones of any desired size and shape with smooth edges [5, 11, 16, 20]. The disadvantages of this method include the heating of tools tip up to 140 during prolonged continuous action [6]. Thus, techniques using tools for formation of the bone window require further study and improvement.
Aim: to compare surgical equipment for bone window formation in modeling an orbital decompression.
Materials and methods. In an experimental study in vivo, 12 surgical interventions on the scapula on both sides were performed in 6 Chinchilla breed rabbits. On the right side, the formation of a bone window was carried out by the ultrasonic bone scalpel MISONIX, on the left side by a drill.
Results. It was found that during first 7-21 days there was more pronounced inflammation of soft tissues on the left side. At the same time, delayed proliferation and maturation of fibrous connective tissue was observed in comparison to the opposite side. Bone tissue inflammation and subsequent regeneration took place without significant differences on both sides. The experiment showed that the use of ultrasonic scalpel in flat bones creates less inflammation of surrounding tissues and the bone itself as compared to a diode laser. A.V. Kravchenko (2006) reports that, after exposure to a diode laser in an acute experiment there was a scalloped edge with an area of photocarbonization (charring) on the 7th and the 21st day; while the use of an ultrasonic scalpel did not create any signs of infiltrative inflammation, later on a nonspecific inflammation developed.
Conclusion. Ultrasonic scalpel has a number of advantages when performing osteoperforation, such as time-saving during surgical procedure, control of the osteotomy process, less trauma to surrounding tissues during action and less pronounced inflammatory response of the wound during early postoperative period.
Zonular instability in patients with pseudoexfoliative syndrome: the analysis of 1000 consecutive phacoemulsifications
Authors: Potyomkin Vitaly V. , Ageeva Elena V. 
Published: April 2018

Phacoemulsification (PHACO) is the gold standard of cataract surgery. Сataract surgery in eyes with pseudoexfoliative (PEX) syndrome is associated with increased risk of intra- and postoperative complications. Zonular laxity is one of the main causes of surgical complications.
Purpose. To assess the degree of zonular weakness in patients with PEX.
Materials and methods. 1010 eyes (580 eyes with PEX and 430 eyes without it) that underwent consecutive PHACO at the Ophthalmology Department No 5 of the City Multifunctional Hospital No 2 from May 2016 until October 2017 were enrolled in the study. The zonular laxity was assessed preoperatively and intraoperatively.
Results. Zonular weakness was observed more often in patients with PEX, both at preoperative and intraoperative evaluation (p 0.05). However, in both groups, the percentage of zonular weakness estimated intraoperatively, was several times higher, than that estimated preoperatively. Nevertheless there was no difference in the rate of capsular bag related intraoperative complications between two groups.
Investigation of tear production dynamics in patients with age-related cataract before and after phacoemulsification
Authors: Tonkonogiy Sergey V. , Bai Lina U. , Vasilyev Aleksey V. 
Published: April 2018

Purpose. To investigate the tear production (TP) dynamics in patients with age-related cataract before and after phacoemulsification (PE).
Material and methods. 136 patients (136 eyes) admitted for age-related cataract treatment. Age 69.3 6.4 years. 64 men and 72 women. Besides standard ophthalmological examination, in all patients Schirmer`s I test was performed before surgery on the next day, 7, 14 and 30 days after surgery. Patients were divided into 4 groups. The 1st group consisted of 32 patients (32 eyes) with TP 15 mm and more. The 2nd group 48 patients (48 eyes) with TP from 10 to 15 mm. The 3rd group 40 patients (40 eyes) with TP from 5 to 10 mm. The 4th group 16 patients (16 eyes) with TP less than 5 mm. In all patients, PE was performed according to standard technology.
Results. All surgeries were performed without complications. In 56 eyes of groups 3 and 4 (41.2%) there was depression of TP of moderate and severe degree before surgery. The first day after surgery in all study groups there was twofold increase of Schirmer`s test indices. Starting from 7th day after surgery, in all groups, a 22-35% decrease of TP from baseline was observed. Later on, a gradual increase of TP was noted. On the 30th day after PE, Schirmer`s test indices were lower than those of baseline in 4 eyes (13%) of the 1st group, 10 eyes (21%) of the 2nd group, 31 eyes (77%) of the 3rd group, and 10 eyes (63%) of the 4th study group.
Conclusions. The study of TP in patients with age-related cataract showed that during one month after surgery TP returned to baseline indices only in 59.6% of patients. Regardless of its baseline indices, after the surgery, there is an universal TP dynamics, which is characterized by its initial increase, subsequent decrease and gradual return to baseline indices. Patients with initial low TP indices have potentially high risk of developing clinically significant dry eye syndrome.
Needlestick and sharps injuries among nurses at Atatürk university research hospital and their practices after injury
Authors: Çalıkoğlu Elif Okşan , Bedir Banu , Akçay Hilal Betül , Gümüş Ali 
Published: April 2018

Objectives: Exposure to
needlestick and sharps injuries (NSI) is among the major occupational risks of
health workers. Yearly 385,000 NSI are reported by health workers. In this
study, we aimed to evaluate the frequency of NSI among nurses at Atatürk
University Research Hospital together with the elaboration of the utilization
of effective preventive measures used for infection control as well as the
affecting factors. Methods: All 562 nurses working at Atatürk University Research
Hospital during September-November 2016 were invited to fill a questionnaire
with 27 items. Questions were asked about the sociodemographic
characteristics,having experienced NSI, usage of protective equipment, and
hepatitis B vaccination status. A total of 555 (98.7%) nurses volunteered to
participate. Verbal consent was taken from the participants. Results: Of the participants, 425 (76.6%) were females, and 130 (23.4%) were males.
Their mean age was 27.5 ± 7.4 years. 52.6% (n = 293) of the participants were
in the surgical clinics while 47.4% (n = 262) were in the medical clinics. Of
the participants, 21.6% (n = 120) stated that they experienced a needlestick or
sharps injury within the last one year. Of those injuries, 16.7% (n = 20)
happened while removing the needle tip from the syringe, 29.2% (n = 35) while
trying to reattach the needle cap, 16.7% (n = 20) while filling the syringe,
and 12.5% (n = 15) while drawing blood from the patient. Conclusion: Health
workers should be trained on injuries and all other occupational risks with
cutting and puncturing tools, and they should be instructed on the use of
protective equipment.
The study of the functionality of cardiomyocytes obtained from induced pluripotent stem cells for the modeling of cardiac arrhythmias based on long QT syndrome
Authors: Slotvitsky M. M. , Tsvelaya V. A. , Frolova S. R. , Dement’eva E. V. , Agladze K. I. 
Published: April 2018

There are risk factors that lead the normal conduction of excitation in the heart into a chaotic one. These factors include hereditary and acquired channelopathies. Many dangerous changes in the work of the heart can be identified using the patient’s electrocardiogram. Such relatively easily detectable changes include the long QT interval syndrome (LQTS). Despite a relatively high prevalence of hereditary LQTS, to which it is necessary to add both hereditary and induced LQTS as well as the ease of detection on the ECG, the mechanism of reentry formation in this syndrome is still un­known. What should be noted is a high variability of the hereditary syndrome and the fact of the connection between the increase in the heart rate and the risk of cardiac arrest. After an electrophysiological study on individual cardiac cells from patients with the LQT syndrome, it became apparent that the search for a mechanism for the transition of the normal heart rhythm to chaotic and fibrillation cannot be limited to recording ion currents in single cells. To solve this problem, we need a model of the behavior of cardiac tissue which reflects the relationship of various factors and the risk of reentry. In order to create an experimental model of LQTS in our work, the iPSC of a pati­ent-specific line from a healthy patient was differentiated into a monolayer of cardiac cells and the parameters of the excitation propagation were studied depending on the stage of differentiation. It was shown that a stable value of the propagation velocity and the response to periodic stimulation in the range of physiological values, are reached after the 30th day of dif­ferentiation.
Genes related to the white face colour pattern in eight Russian cattle breeds
Authors: Yudin N. S. , Belonogova N. M. , Larkin D. M. 
Published: April 2018

One of the major effects of domestication is change of animal coat colour to up to complete white colour of the whole body. It is possible that white colour of livestock animals had aesthetic significance for humans as well. The first step towards detection of genes and mutations controlling white colouring in animals is the genome-wide association studies. These studies, however, have not been done for the cattle breeds native to the Russian Federation. The aim of this study was therefore to identify genomic intervals and candidate genes that could be responsible for white face colouring in eight Russian cattle breeds. The data on genome-wide genotyping of 131,709 high-quality single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on 148 animas have been used in the program ­EMMAX. Association analysis has been performed using two related phenotypes: a) the white face with the rest of the body of any colour and b) white face with the rest of the body of different (non-white) colour. In the first case, the only statistically significant marker found was the SNP BovineHD0500019319 located on cattle chromosome (BTA) 5. The same SNP was the most significant within the cluster of three SNPs on BTA5: 68,803,879–69,365,854 associated also with the second phenotype. Five genes were found within this interval in the cattle genome, out of which the most likely functional candidate was SLC41A2, with the SNP BovineHD0500019319 found within its intronic sequence. SLC41A2 encodes a magnesium transporter protein. However, the function of this gene is not well established. Other members of this gene family are the key genes controlling differences in human skin and animal coat colour. Additional significant association signals with the second phenotype have been detected in BTA 1–4, 6–15, 18, 19, 24, 27, and 29. Overall, 37 genomic intervals have been detected associated with white face colouring in eight Russian native cattle breeds.