bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An investigative study on the effective utilization of process hazard analysis (PHA) and safety instrumentation system (SIS) in chemical process industries
Authors: Poojary Ramaprasad , Dawson Charles Rajkumar , Sachidananda H. K. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis research paper focuses on effectiveness of process hazard analysis (PHA) and safety instrumented systems (SIS) interventions during process design and implementation which prevents accident and loss in chemical process industries. An initial preview was conducted to analyze the accidents and incidents in case of industrial and chemical process industries which enabled to define the research question in a scientific way. The research was conducted using a survey questionnaire developed with the help of focus group and was based on theoretical and conceptual framework developed for the study. The survey received responses from 36 participants who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The validity and reliability were established using confirmatory factor analysis, convergent validity, and Cronbach’s Alpha. The data analysis methods were used to answer the research questions to test the hypotheses. From the results it is observed that PHA and SIS were in an agreeable range. However, the performance factors grouped based on barrier controls and organizational behavior were have moderate positive relationship. This showed there exists a gap in the PHA and SIS contributing factors which may directly or indirectly cause industrial accidents in the chemical process industries.
The Impact of UK Modern Slavery Policy on Eastern European Migrants
Authors: Davies Jon , Kachynska Maryana 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis paper critically examines the intricate relationship between approaches to modern slavery and immigration policy in the UK, particularly in relation to migrants from Romania, Albania, and Ukraine. It situates the discussion within the broader context of state policies and practices that perpetuate exploitation, thereby challenging the notion that the UK has a ‘world-leading’ approach towards addressing modern slavery. The discussion highlights how immigration controls often intertwine with crime control, thereby facilitating a hostile environment for migrants. By drawing on examples from Romania, Albania, and Ukraine, the paper illustrates the varied and detrimental impacts of UK immigration and modern slavery policies on these groups. Furthermore, the paper explores public and political perceptions of immigration, noting fluctuations in attitudes post-EU withdrawal and across groups of migrants. The discussion extends to hinting at policy shifts under the new Labour government, addressing systemic challenges in addressing labour exploitation and reforming immigration. Ultimately, the paper calls for a nuanced approach that prioritises humanitarian and labour/employment considerations alongside security concerns, acknowledging the persistent complexities with modern slavery and immigration issues.
Wavelength multicasting quantum clock synchronization network
Authors: Li Jiaao , Han Hui , Huang Xiaopeng , Tang Bangying , Guo Kai , Huang Jinquan , Xiong Siyu , Yu Wanrong , Zhang Zhaojian , Yang Junbo , Liu Bo , Chen Huan , Lu Zhenkun 
Published: November 2024

AbstractQuantum clock synchronization (QCS) can measure out the high-precision clock difference among distant users, which breaks through the standard quantum limit by employing the properties of quantum entanglement. Currently, the wavelength division multiplexed QCS network has been demonstrated with a spontaneous parametric down-conversion entangled photon source. In this paper, we propose a more efficient QCS network scheme with the wavelength multicasting entangled photon source, which can decrease at least 25% of wavelength channel consumption under the identical network scale. Afterwards, a four node QCS network is demonstrated, where the wavelength multicasting entangled photon source is utilized with dual-pumped four-wave mixing silicon chip. The experimental results show that the measured time deviation is 3.4 ps with an average time of 640 s via the multiple fiber links of more than 10 km.
Efficiency scaling of inductively coupled plasmas for radio frequency propulsion systems
Authors: Uchizono Nolan M. , Georgin Marcel P. , McDonald Michael S. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractA generalized inductively coupled plasma (ICP) efficiency model is derived, which may be used to predict plasma generation efficiency with many types of radio frequency (RF) electric propulsion system. The analytical ICP discharge model is used to examine device scaling, and investigate trends in ICP performance as a function of geometry and system inputs. The ICP efficiency model is applied to an analytical RF cathode model to predict device behavior. Results from the updated RF cathode model show improvements in agreement with experimental data.
Towards a comprehensive understanding of science practices: a heuristic for increasing educator familiarity across a series of science education frameworks
Authors: Wright Ashli M. , Tacloban Marie Janelle , Lake Shelby , McCartney Melissa 
Published: November 2024

AbstractScientific practices describe behaviors scientists engage in while investigating the natural world. Educators should be aware of different science practice frameworks to better understand their students' progression for learning science practices across the K-20 spectrum. For example, a high school AP instructor would benefit from understanding both the K-12 frameworks their students have already experienced and the future undergraduate frameworks their students are moving toward. We were interested in exploring educator familiarity with the scientific practices outlined in the Next Generation Science and Engineering Practices, the Advanced Placement Science Practices, and Vision & Change Core Competencies. In practice, all science educators are teaching the same set of core principles around which these different frameworks are built. Under this view, it is a missed opportunity to not consider or draw on different frameworks to expand one’s teaching practice. Using a cognitive constructionist approach, we describe the implementation of the “Science Practice Frameworks Concept Map Activity,” designed to (1) introduce educators to scientific practices contained within Science Practice Frameworks and (2) show educators that despite these science practices targeting different student populations they are, at their core, very similar and often overlap. We present data showing a positive shift in educator familiarity with Science Practice Frameworks and present examples of participant concept maps that help us begin to understand how educators perceive the frameworks and the relationships between them, ensuring that educators are better prepared to guide students through a comprehensive understanding of science practices.
Even More Is Required: Confronting the Teacher Pay Crisis in the United States
Authors: Baumgartner Kabria 
Published: November 2024

AbstractLow and stagnant teacher pay has been a perennial issue in the United States public school system since the early decades of the nineteenth century. Women teachers, then as now, confronted the issue head-on by organizing together. For example, women primary school teachers in Boston, Massachusetts successfully petitioned for more pay in 1835, but an emerging policy to pay women less ensured that such victories would be few and far between. Nevertheless, we can draw two critical lessons from these women teachers and their petition. First, a broader understanding of historical context and gendered narratives about labor is necessary to confront the teacher pay crisis today. Second, sharing teachers’ stories from the past now can help shape policy debates on teacher pay, turning a crisis into a new vision for the teaching profession.
Serious Questions from Serious People: The Past and Future of the History of Education in Canada
Authors: Ellis Jason 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis article examines two venues where historians of education have in the past addressed serious, publicly significant questions: commissions of inquiry and courtrooms where education rights and educational injustices are litigated. The article argues that these two examples demonstrate historians’ particular skills and abilities as evidence-gatherers, clear communicators, strong generalists, and experts in making sense of change over time. The article also suggests that these particular skills and abilities can be the basis for historians’ continued contributions to answering questions of public significance.
SCOTUS, Schools, and History
Authors: Laats Adam 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn recent years, justices on the US Supreme Court have made explicit historical arguments about US schools in order to promote a broader role for religion in US public schools. For example, in Espinoza v. Montana (2020), Chief Justice Roberts cited the late historian Carl F. Kaestle to buttress his arguments, but did so in a way that misrepresented Kaestle’s nuanced account. This article compares the justices’ historical arguments to the best evidence from the historical record. The essay argues that historians of education—whatever their political beliefs—can and should guide policy by providing reliable, accurate historical information.
Maximal noncompactness of limiting Sobolev embeddings
Authors: Lang Jan , Mihula Zdeněk , Pick Luboš 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We develop a new method suitable for establishing lower bounds on the ball measure of noncompactness of operators acting between considerably general quasinormed function spaces. This new method removes some of the restrictions oft-presented in the previous work. Most notably, the target function space need not be disjointly superadditive nor equipped with a norm. Instead, a property that is far more often at our disposal is exploited—namely the absolute continuity of the target quasinorm.
We use this new method to prove that limiting Sobolev embeddings into spaces of Brezis–Wainger type are so-called maximally noncompact, i.e. their ball measure of noncompactness is the worst possible.
Précis of The Limitations of the Open Mind and Replies to Nathan Ballantyne and Miriam Schleifer McCormick
Authors: Fantl Jeremy 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn this article, I summarize the main takeaways from The Limitations of the Open Mind and reply to concerns raised by Miriam Schleifer McCormick and Nathan Ballantyne. In reply to McCormick, I emphasize potential difficulties involved in helping people change their minds while representing yourself as taking an “objective stance” toward them. In reply to Ballantyne, I clarify my reasons for thinking that open-mindedness is a matter of being willing to change your mind and that amateurs can in some ways and in some situations be more immune to misleading arguments than experts can.
Comments on Jeremy Fantl's The Limitations of the Open Mind
Authors: McCormick Miriam Schleifer 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn this commentary on Jeremy Fantl's The Limitations of the Open Mind, I focus mainly on the book's second half and argue against Fantl's view that you should rarely engage closed-mindedly with those putting forth claims that you know are false and arguments that you know are misleading. I argue that this kind of engagement can be fruitfully exercised without problematic deception. If we are attuned to the social dimension of epistemology, and we see that false and potentially pernicious beliefs are spreading, we have good reason to engage with at least some of these believers with the aim of altering their epistemic attitudes, and to allow for more collective knowledge.
Beetles and Nothingness: Sartre, Wittgenstein, and First-Person Authority
Authors: Hymers Michael 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis article is inspired by two of Steven Burns's many philosophical interests — self-deception and Wittgenstein — as well as by a wariness that we share of the analytic-continental divide in contemporary philosophy. I argue here that, despite obvious differences of temperament and concern, Sartre and Wittgenstein share a scepticism about the “epistemic model” of first-person authority. This shared scepticism emerges in a striking way in their challenges to the idea that psychological phenomena should be understood on the model of objects in physical space. Wittgenstein's scepticism is more thorough-going, but emphasizing the similarity allows us to see Sartre as making an important contribution to our understanding of first-person authority, even if we are wary of the voluntarism of his approach.
The Art of Being with Steven Burns: A Celebration of a Life in Philosophy
Authors: Paron Clarisse , Hymers Michael , Andrews Derek , Fenton Andrew , Meynell Letitia 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe articles in this volume celebrate the work of Steven Burns. Versions of the articles were presented originally at two sessions organized in Burns's honour at the 2022 meeting of the Atlantic Regional Philosophers’ Association (ARPA), held at Dalhousie University in Halifax. This introduction presents a brief academic biography and summarizes each of the contributions. The articles, by Michael Hymers, Robbie Moser and Darren Bifford, Alice MacLachlan, Jason Holt, and Warren Heiti, address perennial themes in philosophy, such as self-knowledge, attention, friendship, interpretation, and judgement. The collection concludes with some last words by Burns himself.
One (More) Last Thing
Authors: Burns Steven 
Published: November 2024

AbstractI survey my career in philosophy, which encompasses 44 years of teaching in Halifax, but begins in London, England with a thesis on self-deception. I describe a practice of using works of literature as a guide to conceptual analysis, and pause in Vienna to translate On Last Things (Weininger, 2001). A line of Wittgenstein's is the basis for reflections on the concept of a Last Judgement. I discuss in some detail a paper of mine for the Atlantic Region Philosophers’ Association in 2018, “One Last Thing,” which takes as its basis The Sense of an Ending, a novel by Julian Barnes. I conclude with some claims about Wittgenstein's relation to religion. I add an Appendix, in which I comment briefly on each of the other articles that make up this symposium.
The Effect of Education on Support for International Trade: Evidence from Compulsory-Education Reforms
Authors: Solodoch Omer 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAcross countries and over time, support for economic globalization is strongest among individuals with the highest levels of education. Yet despite long-lasting debates on the sources of this correlation, reliable evidence that isolates the causal effect of education from the nonrandom selection of individuals into education is lacking. To address this fundamental issue, I exploit compulsory-schooling reforms that increased the minimum school-leaving age in eighteen countries. Employing a fuzzy regression discontinuity design, I find that the reform-induced added years of education substantially and durably increased support for trade liberalization. And using new data on the content of school curricula, I find that the effect of schooling largely stems from instilling tolerance and pluralism in citizens and reducing the perceived cultural threat of globalization. In contrast, there is little evidence that the effect of schooling reflects the distributive consequences of international trade, separating globalization winners and losers.
From Travel to Imprisonment: Remembering Cold War Trade Unionism and the World Federation of Trade Unions (WFTU) in Adam Soepardjan's Prison Notebooks
Authors: Hearman Vannessa 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This article examines the role of travel in the practice of Cold War politics, focusing particularly on the experiences of Indonesian trade unionists who travelled between Indonesia, the Soviet Union, and Eastern Europe. During the Sukarno era (1949–1966), Indonesians from the country's largest trade union federation SOBSI held leading positions in the World Federation of Trade Unions (WFTU). In 1965–1966, the army-directed purges against the Indonesian Left destroyed independent trade unionism as the country transitioned to the Suharto New Order regime. As leftist trade unionists were killed, imprisoned, or detained without trial, memories of travelling to the Communist bloc became denied, repressed, and submerged from history. The prison notebooks of Indonesian trade unionist Adam Soepardjan represent a unique set of underground writings produced after the army coup. An analysis of these notebooks reveals the ambivalences of Cold War political travel and the complex subjectivities of the traveller who appraises and reappraises the experiences of travel in a radically changed set of circumstances.
Exploring the association between sarcopenic obesity and cardiovascular risk: a summary of findings from longitudinal studies and potential mechanisms
Authors: Guan Zhongyang , Stephan Blossom C.M. , Donini Lorenzo Maria , Prado Carla M. , Sim Marc , Siervo Mario 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
It is estimated that more than one-tenth of adults aged ≥60 years are now classified as having sarcopenic obesity (SO), a clinical condition characterised by the concurrent presence of sarcopenia (low muscle mass and weakness) and obesity (excessive fat mass). Independently, sarcopenia and obesity are associated with a high risk of numerous adverse health outcomes including CVD and neurological conditions (e.g. dementia), but SO may confer a greater risk, exceeding either condition alone. This imposes a substantial burden on individuals, healthcare systems and society. In recent years, an increasing number of observational studies have explored the association between SO and the risk of CVD; however, results are mixed. Moreover, the pathophysiology of SO is governed by a complex interplay of multiple mechanisms including insulin resistance, inflammation, oxidative stress, hormonal shifts and alteration of energy balance, which may also play a role in the occurrence of various CVD. Yet, the exact mechanisms underlying the pathological connection between these two complex conditions remain largely unexplored. The aim of this review is to examine the association between SO and CVD. Specifically, we seek to: (1) discuss the definition, epidemiology and diagnosis of SO; (2) reconcile previously inconsistent findings by synthesising evidence from longitudinal studies on the epidemiological link between SO and CVD and (3) discuss critical mechanisms that may elucidate the complex and potentially bidirectional relationships between SO and CVD.
Predicting involuntary admission following inpatient psychiatric treatment using machine learning trained on electronic health record data
Authors: Perfalk Erik , Damgaard Jakob Grøhn , Bernstorff Martin , Hansen Lasse , Danielsen Andreas Aalkjær , Østergaard Søren Dinesen 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundInvoluntary admissions to psychiatric hospitals are on the rise. If patients at elevated risk of involuntary admission could be identified, prevention may be possible. Our aim was to develop and validate a prediction model for involuntary admission of patients receiving care within a psychiatric service system using machine learning trained on routine clinical data from electronic health records (EHRs).MethodsEHR data from all adult patients who had been in contact with the Psychiatric Services of the Central Denmark Region between 2013 and 2021 were retrieved. We derived 694 patient predictors (covering e.g. diagnoses, medication, and coercive measures) and 1134 predictors from free text using term frequency-inverse document frequency and sentence transformers. At every voluntary inpatient discharge (prediction time), without an involuntary admission in the 2 years prior, we predicted involuntary admission 180 days ahead. XGBoost and elastic net models were trained on 85% of the dataset. The models with the highest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) were tested on the remaining 15% of the data.ResultsThe model was trained on 50 634 voluntary inpatient discharges among 17 968 patients. The cohort comprised of 1672 voluntary inpatient discharges followed by an involuntary admission. The best XGBoost and elastic net model from the training phase obtained an AUROC of 0.84 and 0.83, respectively, in the test phase.ConclusionA machine learning model using routine clinical EHR data can accurately predict involuntary admission. If implemented as a clinical decision support tool, this model may guide interventions aimed at reducing the risk of involuntary admission.
Systematic review of economic evaluations of triage tests for women with atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US) or low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL)
Authors: Meirelles Isandra , Pinto Márcia , Barros Leticia , Russomano Fabio 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To synthesize the results of cost-effectiveness studies of different triage tests in comparison to repeat cytology for women with atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US) or low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL) results.

Methods
Electronic databases (Medline/PubMed, Lilacs, Embase, The Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of Science, Scielo, The NHS Economic Evaluation Database, Econlit, and CEA Registry) were searched for cost-effectiveness or cost-utility publications. Per the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, two independent reviewers selected eligible publications based on the selection criteria and performed data extraction. Methodological quality was assessed using the Quality of Health Economic Studies tool.

Results
Five cost-effectiveness analyses were included comparing HPV testing, immediate colposcopy, and liquid-based cytology with HPV testing reflex to repeat cytology. The main outcome adopted was cervical intraepithelial neoplasia level 2 or higher (CIN2+) cases detected. In pairwise comparisons, HPV testing was more frequently observed as the most cost-effective strategy. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios were very sensitive to costs of test kit variation and accuracy estimates with some sensitivity analysis scenarios showing immediate colposcopy more cost-effective than HPV testing depending on the tests’ unitary costs and effectiveness.

Conclusions
This systematic review of economic evidence corroborates clinical evidence showing cytology is the least effective, although less costly, triage strategy. Cytology-based triage programs need to be updated to offer timely treatment to women diagnosed with ASC-US/LSIL and better resource allocation.
Expectations and the transmission of international uncertainty: Evidence from cross-country survey data
Authors: Beckmann Joscha , Geiger Martin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This paper evaluates (i) the transmission of global uncertainty shocks to the expectations of professionals and disagreement among them and (ii) the relevance of policy choices in open economies in the context of the impossible trinity. Relying on a large set of survey data covering a wide range of expected macroeconomic outcomes for 33 countries, we establish evidence for an expectation channel of global uncertainty shocks. Global uncertainty exerts significant and adverse effects on expectations over domestic macroeconomic outcomes across the board and also frequently spills over to disagreement over these outcomes, increasing domestic uncertainty. Finally, we identify nonlinear relationships between the policy choices in an open economy and the transmission of uncertainty shocks. Policy choices affect the expected downswing in GDP in the aftermath of uncertainty shocks, the expected response of monetary policy, and the exchange rate and disagreement over future macroeconomic outcomes.