bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
STUDY OF ANION EXCHANGE EXTRACTION OF SOME ANIONIC COMPLEXES OF IRON (III) BY ORGANIC SOLUTIONS OF QUADERIC AMMONIUM SALTS
Authors: Matyushkina Yulia I. , Shabarin Alexandr A. 
Published: February 2019

The anion-exchange extraction of salicylate, thiosulphate and thiocyanate iron (III) complexes by solutions of quaternary ammonium salts (QAS) chlorides in organic solvents (toluene, carbon tetrachloride, ethyl acetate, isobutyl alcohol, nitrobenzene) was studied. The composition of the iron (III) anionic complexes was established by the analysis of the calibration curves E = f (pCFe (III)) constructed from iron (III) solutions against the background of various contents of thiocyanate, thiosulphate and salicylate ions and the steepness of the electrode function. As an indicator electrode was used the ion-selective electrode with a membrane, which based on a nitrobenzene solution of tetradecylammonium bromide. The solution containing of alkyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride and alkyldimethylethylbenzylammonium chloride and the corresponding organic solvent were mixed in a ratio 1: 1. An organic layer containing the QAS was selected. The anion-exchange extraction was provided in contact with aqueoses solutions of Fe(III) anionic complexes. The extraction process is estimated quantitatively using a distribution coefficient (D), the value of D is calculated taking into account the iron (III) concentration in the aqueous phase before and after extraction. The content of iron (III) in solutions is determined spectrophotometrically (λ = 440 nm). It is established that the value of the distribution coefficient depends on the permittivity (ε) of the organic solvent. In the row toluene - carbon tetrachloride - ethyl acetate - isobutyl alcohol - nitrobenzene, the permittivity increases. In the same sequence, D increases for all studied complex iron(III) ions. Moreover, a decrease in the concentration of the extracted particle leads to an insignificant decrease the value of the distribution coefficient. The composition and stability of the complex iron (III) ion have a significant effect on the extraction activity.
A Two-Dimensional Framework for Analyzing Facebook Use and Subjective Well-Being
Authors: Cheng Cecilia 
Published: February 2019

The present research aimed to organize the array of Facebook activities by proposing a framework that comprises two dimensions: mode of Facebook communication and motive of Facebook use. Our research also aimed to address the less explored issue of users’ appraisals in addition to their Facebook use. A new measure, the Facebook Use and Satisfaction Scale, was constructed. Among 155 undergraduates (43% men, mean age = 21.02 years), the results indicated that satisfaction with both private and public social communication was positively linked with positive affect but not negative affect. More importantly, satisfaction with private social communication explained 9% of the variance in positive affect beyond that explained by perceived peer support. These results point to the utility of the proposed two-dimensional framework in the study of Facebook satisfaction.
The Effectiveness of Behavioral Skills Training (BST) Program to Improve Personal Safety Skills for Down syndrome Adolescent with Mild Intellectual Disability
Authors: Kumalasari Dewi , Kurniawati Farida 
Published: February 2019

This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of Behavioral Skills Training (BST) program in improving personal safety skills for a Down syndrome adolescent with mild intellectual disability. Personal safety is defined as an ability to recognize touch appropriateness, including four self-protective skills, consisting of resisting, removing, telling others, and reporting about any inappropriate touch she/he experiences. The single-subject design was administered in three days. The results show that the program was effective to improved subject’s personal safety skills and reached 97 % of the maximum score. The subject was able to master the skills of recognizing, resisting, removing and telling others with 100% score, while on the reporting skill, the obtained score was 83%. Rerunning the program, specifically with reporting skill as the target, has been recommended to improve reporting skill. Overall, to improve the effectiveness of the program, in situ training, training for trainers, and providing reinforcements are suggested.
Genome organization and molecular characterization of the threeFormica exsectaviruses—FeV1, FeV2 and FeV4
Authors: Dhaygude Kishor , Johansson Helena , Kulmuni Jonna , Sundström Liselotte 
Published: February 2019

We present the genome organization and molecular characterization of the threeFormica exsectaviruses, along with ORF predictions, and functional annotation of genes. TheFormica exsecta virus-4(FeV4; GenBank ID:MF287670) is a newly discovered negative-sense single-stranded RNA virus representing the first identified member of orderMononegaviralesin ants, whereas theFormica exsecta virus-1(FeV1; GenBank ID:KF500001), and theFormica exsecta virus-2(FeV2; GenBank ID:KF500002) are positive single-stranded RNA viruses initially identified (but not characterized) in our earlier study. The new virus FeV4 was found by re-analyzing data from a study published earlier. TheFormica exsecta virus-4genome is 9,866 bp in size, with an overall G + C content of 44.92%, and containing five predicted open reading frames (ORFs). Our bioinformatics analysis indicates that gaps are absent and the ORFs are complete, which based on our comparative genomics analysis suggests that the genomes are complete. Following the characterization, we validate virus infection for FeV1, FeV2 and FeV4 for the first time in field-collected worker ants. Some colonies were infected by multiple viruses, and the viruses were observed to infect all castes, and multiple life stages of workers and queens. Finally, highly similar viruses were expressed in adult workers and queens of six otherFormicaspecies:F. fusca,F. pressilabris,F. pratensis, F. aquilonia, F. truncorumandF. cinerea. This research indicates that viruses can be shared between ant species, but further studies on viral transmission are needed to understand viral infection pathways.
A community-level investigation following a yellow fever virus outbreak in South Omo Zone, South-West Ethiopia
Authors: Mulchandani Ranya , Massebo Fekadu , Bocho Fekadu , Jeffries Claire L. , Walker Thomas , Messenger Louisa A. 
Published: February 2019

Background
Despite the availability of a highly effective vaccine, yellow fever virus (YFV) remains an important public health problem across Africa and South America due to its high case-fatality rate. This study investigated the historical epidemiology and contemporary entomological and social determinants of a YFV outbreak in South Omo Zone (SOZ), Ethiopia.

Methods
A YFV outbreak occurred in SOZ, Ethiopia in 2012–2014. Historical epidemiological data were retrieved from the SOZ Health Department and analyzed. Entomological sampling was undertaken in 2017, including mosquito species identification and molecular screening for arboviruses to understand mosquito habitat distribution, and finally current knowledge, attitudes and preventative practices within the affected communities were assessed.

Results
From October 2012 to March 2014, 165 suspected cases and 62 deaths were reported, principally in rural areas of South Ari region (83.6%). The majority of patients were 15–44 years old (75.8%) and most case deaths were males (76%). Between June and August 2017, 688 containers were sampled across 180 households to identify key breeding sites for Aedes mosquitoes. Ensete ventricosum (“false banana”) and clay pots outside the home were the most productive natural and artificial breeding sites, respectively. Entomological risk indices classified most sites as “high risk” for future outbreaks under current World Health Organization criteria. Adult mosquitoes in houses were identified as members of the Aedes simpsoni complex but no YFV or other arboviruses were detected by PCR. The majority of community members had heard of YFV, however few activities were undertaken to actively reduce mosquito breeding sites.

Discussion
Study results highlight the potential role vector control could play in mitigating local disease transmission and emphasize the urgent need to strengthen disease surveillance systems and in-country laboratory capacity to facilitate more rapid responses to future YFV outbreaks.
Isolation and Evaluation of Bacteria Exhibiting Multiple Plant Growth Traits in the Rhizosphere of Yellow Bell Pepper (Capsicum chinense)
Authors: Chinakwe E. C. , Nwogwugwu N. U. , Ibekwe V. I. , Chinakwe P. O. , Egbadon E. O. , Adeleye S. A. 
Published: February 2019

Aim: The study identified and evaluated bacteria exhibiting multiple plant growth traits in the Rhizosphere of Yellow Bell Pepper (Capsicum chinense).
Study Design: Seeds of Capsicum chinense were planted in a soil and allowed to grow. After five eeks of planting, soil samples from the rhizosphere were collected and the bacterial community present in the rhizosphere soil of Capsicum chinense was studied. The isolated organisms were assessed for their ability to produce plant growth promoting traits.
Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out at an agricultural research farmland in the Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria.
Methodology: Seeds of Capiscum chinense were planted in the soil samples in a greenhouse. Rhizosphere soil was collected for analysis to identify the bacterial composition of the rhizosphere soil.
Results: In this study the presence of Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Corynebacterium sp, Enterococcus feacalis and Bacillus polymyxa were evident in the rhizosphere samples collected. All isolates showed multiple plant growth promoting traits except Staphylococcus aureushich was positive for hydrogen cyanide production only.
Conclusion: The results from this study showed that the bacterial community present in the soil can be used to effect significant vegetative crop yield and agricultural production. The isolated rhizobacteria can be formulated as bio-fertilizers or bioinnoculants, etc.
Prussian White Hierarchical Nanotubes with Surface‐Controlled Charge Storage for Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Ren Wenhao , Zhu Zixuan , Qin Mingsheng , Chen Sheng , Yao Xuhui , Li Qi , Xu Xiaoming , Wei Qiulong , Mai Liqiang , Zhao Chuan 
Published: February 2019

AbstractCoordination compounds such as Prussian blue and its analogues are acknowledged as promising candidates for electrochemical sodium storage owing to their tailorable and open frameworks. However, a key challenge for these electrode materials is the trade‐off between energy and power. Here, it is demonstrate that Prussian white (Na3.1Fe4[Fe(CN)6]3) hierarchical nanotubes with fully open configurations render extrinsic Na+ intercalation pseudocapacitance. The cathode exhibits a capacity up to 83 mA h g−1 at an ultrahigh rate of 50 C and an unprecedented cycle life over 10 000 times for sodium storage. In situ Raman spectroscopy together with in situ X‐ray diffraction analysis reveal that intercalation pseudocapacitance enables full reaction of N‐FeIII/FeII sites in Prussian white with a negligible volume expansion (<2.1%). The discovery of surface‐controlled charge storage occurring inside the entire bulk of intercalation cathodes paves a new way for developing high power, high energy, and long life‐span sodium‐ion batteries.
Heterostructure of 1D Ta3N5 Nanorod/BaTaO2N Nanoparticle Fabricated by a One‐Step Ammonia Thermal Route for Remarkably Promoted Solar Hydrogen Production
Authors: Dong Beibei , Cui Junyan , Gao Yuying , Qi Yu , Zhang Fuxiang , Li Can 
Published: February 2019

AbstractHeterostructures are widely fabricated for promotion of photogenerated charge separation and solar cell/fuel production. (Oxy)nitrides are extremely promising for solar energy conversion, but the fabrication of heterostructures based on nitrogen‐containing semiconductors is still challenging. Here, a simple ammonia thermal synthesis of a heterostructure (denoted as Ta3N5/BTON) composed of 1D Ta3N5 nanorods and BaTaO2N (BTON) nanoparticles (0D), which is demonstrated to result in a remarkable increase in photogenerated charge separation and solar hydrogen production from water, is introduced. As analyzed and discussed, the Ta3N5/BTON heterostructure is type II and tends to create intimate interfaces between the 1D nanorods and 0D nanoparticles. The 1D Ta3N5 nanorods are demonstrated to transfer electrons along the rod orientation direction. Furthermore, the intimate interfaces of the heterostructure are believed to originate from the similar Ta‐based octahedron units of Ta3N5 and BTON. All of the above features are expected to integrally endow increased photoinduced charge separation and one order of magnitude higher solar overall water splitting activity with respect to counterpart systems. These results may open a new avenue to fabricate heterostructures on the basis of nitrogen‐containing semiconductors that is extremely promising for solar energy conversion.
Edge Segregated Polymorphism in 2D Molybdenum Carbide
Authors: Zhao Xiaoxu , Sun Weiwei , Geng Dechao , Fu Wei , Dan Jiadong , Xie Yu , Kent Paul R. C. , Zhou Wu , Pennycook Stephen J. , Loh Kian Ping 
Published: February 2019

AbstractMolybdenum carbide (Mo2C), a class of unterminated MXene, is endowed with rich polymorph chemistry, but the growth conditions of the various polymorphs are not understood. Other than the most commonly observed T‐phase Mo2C, little is known about other phases. Here, Mo2C crystals are successfully grown consisting of mixed polymorphs and polytypes via a diffusion‐mediated mechanism, using liquid copper as the diffusion barrier between the elemental precursors of Mo and C. By controlling the thickness of the copper diffusion barrier layer, the crystal growth can be controlled between a highly uniform AA‐stacked T‐phase Mo2C and a “wedding cake” like Mo2C crystal with spatially delineated zone in which the Bernal‐stacked Mo2C predominate. The atomic structures, as well as the transformations between distinct stackings, are simulated and analyzed using density functional theory (DFT)‐based calculations. Bernal‐stacked Mo2C has a d band closer to the Fermi energy, leading to a promising performance in catalysis as verified in hydrogen evolution reaction (HER).
Preparation of Reversible Photoresponsive Poly(SPA‐co‐MMA) Films by Electrospinning: A Possible Route to Smart Materials for Regulating Wettability and Humidity
Authors: Zhang Ce , Liu Zhenfu , Liu Hongxia , Wang Shuai , Zhang Yang , Li Chunhao , Wu Yun 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe control of surrounding humidity by porous films is an interesting aspect for improving human comfort. Especially, light triggered humidity control is of relevance because light stimulus is contactless so that reducing the impact on both materials and surroundings. In this work, reversible light responsive films with tunable wettability and the ability of regulating surrounding humidity are developed from acrylated spiropyran (SPA)–methyl methacrylate (MMA) copolymer by electrospinning. The electrospun films for regulating wettability and surrounding humidity can be reversibly manipulated by the simple switch of UV and visible light irradiation because of the unique transformation between polar ring‐opened status and nonpolar ring‐closed status of spiropyran units. Morphology analyses and Cassie theory are used to explain this phenomenon and it is found that surface microstructure and effective chemical composition of the film surface can both significantly influence the reversible variation range of the value of surrounding humidity and surface wettability. The results show that the ability to regulate humidity of 40 wt% poly(SPA‐co‐MMA) film possessing bead‐on‐string fiber surface structure is the best.
Realizing Visible Light Excitation of Tb3+ via Highly Efficient Energy Transfer from Ce3+ for LED‐Based Applications
Authors: Xiao Wenge , Liu Xiaofeng , Zhang Jiahua , Qiu Jianrong 
Published: February 2019

AbstractTrivalent terbium (Tb3+)‐activated luminescence materials usually show highly efficient green emission with the full width at half maximum of merely 10 nm, but suffer from the unsatisfactory excitable wavelength (<380 nm) as well as the inefficient light absorption. Here, the realization of efficient visible light excitation of Tb3+ is demonstrated in terbium‐concentrated garnet Ca2TbHf2Al3O12 (CTHA) by introducing Ce3+ as the sensitizer. Owing to highly efficient energy transfer from Ce3+ to Tb3+, CTHA:Ce3+ combines advantages of the extra narrow green emission of Tb3+ peaking at 544 nm and the efficient broad excitation of Ce3+ covering the short‐wavelength visible light from 380 to 450 nm. The color gamut of the prototype white light‐emitting diode (LED) by using CTHA:Ce3+ as the green emitter can reach 95% (coverage ratio) of National Television Standards Committee (NTSC) space in Commission Internationale de L'Eclairage (CIE) 1931, indicating its great potential for LED (or laser diode)‐based applications.
Spheroid Culture of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Results in Morphorheological Properties Appropriate for Improved Microcirculation
Authors: Tietze Stefanie , Kräter Martin , Jacobi Angela , Taubenberger Anna , Herbig Maik , Wehner Rebekka , Schmitz Marc , Otto Oliver , List Catrin , Kaya Berna , Wobus Manja , Bornhäuser Martin , Guck Jochen 
Published: February 2019

AbstractHuman bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are used in clinical trials for the treatment of systemic inflammatory diseases due to their regenerative and immunomodulatory properties. However, intravenous administration of MSCs is hampered by cell trapping within the pulmonary capillary networks. Here, it is hypothesized that traditional 2D plastic‐adherent cell expansion fails to result in appropriate morphorheological properties required for successful cell circulation. To address this issue, a method to culture MSCs in nonadherent 3D spheroids (mesenspheres) is adapted. The biological properties of mesensphere‐cultured MSCs remain identical to conventional 2D cultures. However, morphorheological analyses reveal a smaller size and lower stiffness of mesensphere‐derived MSCs compared to plastic‐adherent MSCs, measured using real‐time deformability cytometry and atomic force microscopy. These properties result in an increased ability to pass through microconstrictions in an ex vivo microcirculation assay. This ability is confirmed in vivo by comparison of cell accumulation in various organ capillary networks after intravenous injection of both types of MSCs in mouse. The findings generally identify cellular morphorheological properties as attractive targets for improving microcirculation and specifically suggest mesensphere culture as a promising approach for optimized MSC‐based therapies.
Patients’ age and discussion with doctors about lung cancer screening: Diminished returns of Blacks
Authors: Chalian Hamid , Khoshpouri Pegah , Assari Shervin 
Published: February 2019

AbstractObjectiveAs age is one of the main risk factors for lung cancer, older adults are expected to receive more messages regarding lung cancer screening (LCS). It is, however, unclear whether age similarly increases patients’ chance of discussing LCS across various racial groups. We aimed to determine racial differences in the effect of patients’ age on patient‐physician discussion about LCS.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study borrowed data from the Health Information National Trends Survey 5 (HINTS 2017), which included 2277 adults. Patients’ demographic factors, socioeconomic characteristics, smoking status, possible LCS indication, and patient‐physician discussion about LCS were measured. We ran logistic regression models for data analysis.ResultsIndependent of possible LCS indication, older patients were more likely to have a patient‐physician discussion about LCS. However, there was a significant interaction between race and age, suggesting a larger effect of age on the likelihood of discussing LCS with doctors for Whites than Blacks. In race‐stratified models that controlled for possible LCS indication, higher age increased lung cancer discussion for Whites but not for Blacks.ConclusionWhether age increases the chance of discussing LCS or not depends on the patient's race, with Blacks receiving fewer messages regarding LCS as a result of their aging.
Assessing subsistence and its relationship to cultural complexity in the late prehistoric upper Midwest: A new perspective provided by dental health
Authors: Karsten Jordan K. , Jeske Robert J. , Edwards Richard W. , Strange David , Kubehl Kayla , Behm Jeffery A. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractObjectivePrevious researchers have assumed that the Late Prehistoric Oneota were less reliant on maize agriculture than their Middle Mississippian neighbors to the south. This assumption is based on the idea that intensive maize agriculture is related to sociopolitical complexity, and that the climate of the Great Lakes region was less conducive to full‐scale agriculture than that of the American Bottom. Here, we assess the diet of the Oneota using dental pathology to test the hypothesis that the Oneota in Eastern Wisconsin were highly reliant on maize agriculture.Materials and methodsTo test our hypothesis, skeletal remains representing 187 individuals and 1,102 teeth were examined from nine Oneota sites from the Middle Fox and Koshkonong Localities, as well as the Late Woodland/Middle Mississippian site of Aztalan.Dental caries, antemortem tooth loss (AMTL), and dental abscesses were assessed for each individual in the sample. Dental pathologies in the Oneota groups were compared to each other based on Locality and to the Aztalan population using chi‐squared tests.ResultsDental caries rates for the Oneota, based on the tooth count approach, were observed at 16.8% for the Middle Fox Locality, and 49% for the Koshkonong Locality. Comparatively, the Late Woodland/Middle Mississippian population from Aztalan had a tooth count rate of 19.5%. AMTL rates were similar across samples. Dental abscessing was universally low.DiscussionThe relatively high rate of dental caries among the Oneota is comparable to Middle Mississippian populations from throughout the Midwest, suggesting similar reliance on maize between the groups.