bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Compartment-Specific Screening Tools for Persistence: Potential Role and Application in the Regulatory Context
Authors: Junker Thomas , Coors Anja , Schüürmann Gerrit 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

The persistence assessment under the European Union regulation Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH) relies on compartment-specific degradation half-lives derived from laboratory simulation studies with surface water, aquatic sediment, or soil. Although these data are given priority, they are not available for most of the compounds. Therefore, according to the Integrated Assessment and Testing Strategy (ITS) for persistence assessment, results from ready biodegradability tests (RBTs) are used within a persistence screening to decide whether a substance is considered as “not persistent” or “potentially persistent.” However, ready biodegradability is currently tested only in water. Consequently, there is a lack of approaches that include the soil and sediment compartments for persistence assessment at the screening level. In previous studies, compartment-specific screening tools for water-sediment (Water-Sediment Screening Tool [WSST]) and soil (Soil Screening Tool [SST]) were developed based on the existing test guideline Organisation for Economic Development and Co-operation (OECD TG 301C [MITI (Ministry of International Trade and Industry, Japan) test]). The test systems MITI, WSST, and SST were successfully applied to determine sound and reliable biodegradation data for 15 test compounds. In the present study, these results are used within the scope of a new alternative persistence screening approach, the Compartment-Specific Persistence Screening (CSPS). Compared to the persistence screening under REACH, the CSPS is a more conservative approach that provides additional reasonable results, particularly for compounds that sorb to sediment and soil, and for which the current standard persistence screening might be insufficient. Thus, the CSPS can be used to identify potentially persistent and nonpersistent compounds in the regulatory context by a comprehensive assessment that includes water, soil, and sediment. Moreover, experimentally determined half-lives from the compartment-specific screening tools can be used as input for multimedia models that estimate, for example, overall persistence (Pov). The application of fixed half-life factors to extrapolate from water to soil and sediment, which is here demonstrated to be inappropriate, can thereby be avoided. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2019;00:000–000. © 2019 SETAC
The Smad2/3/4 complex binds miR‐139 promoter to modulate TGFβ‐induced proliferation and activation of human Tenon's capsule fibroblasts through the Wnt pathway
Authors: Deng Mi , Hou Shi‐Ying , Tong Bo‐Ding , Yin Jia‐Yang , Xiong Wei 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe activation and proliferation of human Tenon's fibroblasts (HTFs) play a vital role in the fibrosis in the pathology of the scar formation after the glaucoma filtration surgery. Transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1)/Smads signaling has been reported to promote fibrosis. In our previous study, we revealed that TGFβ1‐induced orbital fibroblast activation and proliferation through Wnt/β‐catenin signaling. As microRNA (miR)‐139 could target several factors in Wnt signaling to modulate fibrosis, here, the effect and mechanism of miR‐139 in HTF activation and proliferation were investigated. miR‐139 overexpression significantly reversed the TGFβ1‐induced increase in collagen I and α‐smooth muscle actin contents and proliferation in HTFs. CTNNB1 and CTNND1 were direct downstream of miR‐139 and can significantly restore the suppressive effect of miR‐139 on the activation and proliferation in HTFs under TGFβ1 stimulation. Smad2/3/4 complex inhibits the transcription activity of miR‐139, most possibly by Smad4 binding to the miR‐139 promoter. Taken together, we demonstrated a new mechanism of HTF activation and proliferation from the perspective of miRNA regulation, which may provide new strategies for improving the fibrosis after the glaucoma filtration surgery.
Therapeutic advances for patients with intermediate hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Sun Jin‐Yu , Yin Tailang , Zhang Xiao‐Yu , Lu Xiao‐Jie 
Published: January 2019

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common malignant tumor and constitutes a major health threat globally. Intermediate HCC (Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer Staging, stage B) encompasses a wide range of patients and is characterized by substantial heterogeneity with varying tumor burdens and liver functions. Therefore, it is paramount to evaluate the patient's overall conditions and to select the most appropriate therapy based on available evidence. Transarterial chemoembolization is the recommended first‐line therapy for intermediate HCC patients. However, in clinical practice, other treatment options are also used as alternative therapies, such as hepatic resection, percutaneous thermal ablation, radiotherapy (RT), systemic treatment, immunotherapy, and so forth. In this review, we will introduce current treatment strategies for intermediate HCC, discuss their advantages and disadvantages, and propose future directions.
MRI as a diagnostic biomarker for differentiating primary central nervous system lymphoma from glioblastoma: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Suh Chong Hyun , Kim Ho Sung , Jung Seung Chai , Park Ji Eun , Choi Choong Gon , Kim Sang Joon 
Published: January 2019

BackgroundAccurate preoperative differentiation of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) and glioblastoma is clinically crucial because the treatment strategies differ substantially.PurposeTo evaluate the diagnostic performance of MRI for differentiating PCNSL from glioblastoma.Study TypeSystematic review and meta‐analysis.SubjectsOvid‐MEDLINE and EMBASE databases were searched to find relevant original articles up to November 25, 2018. The search term combined synonyms for "lymphoma," "glioblastoma," and "MRI."Field Strength/SequencePatients underwent at least one MRI sequence including diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI), dynamic susceptibility‐weighted contrast‐enhanced imaging (DSC), dynamic contrast‐enhanced imaging (DCE), arterial spin labeling (ASL), susceptibility‐weighted imaging (SWI), intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM), and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) using 1.5 or 3 T.AssessmentQuality assessment was performed according to the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies‐2 tool.Statistical TestsHierarchical logistic regression modeling was used to obtain pooled sensitivity and specificity. Meta‐regression was performed.ResultsTwenty‐two studies with 1182 patients were included. MRI sequences demonstrated high overall diagnostic performance with pooled sensitivity of 91% (95% confidence interval [CI], 87–93%) and specificity of 89% (95% CI, 85–93%). The area under the hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.92 (95% CI, 0.90–0.94). Studies using DSC or ASL showed high diagnostic performance (sensitivity of 93% [95% CI, 89–97%] and specificity of 91% [95% CI, 86–96%]). Heterogeneity was only detected in specificity (I2 = 66.84%) and magnetic field strength was revealed to be a significant factor affecting study heterogeneity.Data ConclusionMRI showed overall high diagnostic performance for differentiating PCNSL from glioblastoma, with studies using DSC or ASL showing high diagnostic performance. Therefore, MRI sequences including DSC or ASL is a potential diagnostic tool for differentiating PCNSL from glioblastoma.Level of Evidence: 3Technical Efficacy Stage: 2J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2019;50:560–572.
Physiochemical properties of petunia edible flowers grown under saline conditions and their postharvest performance under modified atmosphere packaging and ethanol application
Authors: Chrysargyris Antonios , Tzionis Andreas , Xylia Panayiota , Nicola Silvana , Tzortzakis Nikos 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDEdible flowers have both great nutritional value and sensory appeal; however, their shelf‐life is limited to a few days because they are highly perishable.RESULTSThe impact of postharvest ethanol (ET) treatment and modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) on the quality and storage of edible flowers collected from short‐term salt‐stressed plants was tested. Hydroponically grown petunia (Petunia x hybrita L.) plants were subjected to salinity (0–50–100 mmol L–1 NaCl) and harvested flowers were stored for up to 14 days in MAP and/ET vapours. The salinity of 100 mmol L–1 NaCl decreased plant biomass and negatively affected physiological processes as a result of stomata closure. Flower polyphenols, antioxidants, carotenoids and anthocyanins increased with 50 mmol L–1 of NaCl, indicating a higher nutritional value. Short‐term exposure of petunia to salinity decreased the flower N, K and Ca concentrations. During storage for 7 days, salinity lead to deteriorated flowers that showed browning as a result of tissue breakdown, whereas CO2 production and weight loss were unaffected by salinity. After 14 days of storage, salinity decreased flower respiration and increased weight loss, whereas ET application completely destroyed the flowers. Carotenoids and anthocyanins were decreased by a combination of salinity and ET. Petunia flowers revealed the induction of both non‐enzymatic (i.e. proline content) and enzymatic (catalase) mechanisms to overcome the stress caused by salinity at harvest stage and/or ethanol at storage.CONCLUSIONThe results of the present study demonstrate that a short‐stress salinity of 50 mmol L–1 NaCl can be used for petunia growth and also that flowers of nutritional value can be stored for up to 7 days, whereas ET application failed to preserve petunia flowers. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
A chemometric approach to evaluate the impact of pulses, Chlorella and Spirulina on proximate composition, amino acid, and physicochemical properties of turkey burgers
Authors: Marti‐Quijal Francisco J , Zamuz Sol , Tomašević Igor , Rocchetti Gabriele , Lucini Luigi , Marszałek Krystian , Barba Francisco J , Lorenzo José M 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDChanges in physicochemical parameters, proximate composition, amino acid and taste profiles of turkey burgers enriched by 1% with soy (control), pulses, Chlorella and Spirulina proteins were studied.RESULTSColor parameters, pH, ash content, total, essential and non‐essential amino acids were significantly different among the different types of turkey burgers prepared. In this regard, turkey burgers made with pea protein presented the highest values for pH and lightness, whereas the samples prepared with broad bean showed the highest redness. The inclusion of bean and seaweed produced a marked increase of glutamic acid, lysine and aspartic acid. However, the taste profile was similar in the different six turkey burgers studied (soy, pea, lentil, broad bean, Chlorella and Spirulina protein). Orthogonal projections to latent structures discriminant analysis (OPLS‐DA) allowed to classify turkey burgers according to protein sources, as compared to soy (control). Textural parameters, moisture and color were found to be the most discriminant parameters, able to describe the differences among burgers. Nonetheless, according to the supervised OPLS model, broad beans were found to possess a similar profile to soy (control).CONCLUSIONConsidering all studied parameters, the enrichment of turkey burgers with bean proteins could be used as a promising alternative to soy proteins from a technological point of view. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
FTIR‐based comparative analysis of glucomannan contents in some tuberous orchids, and effects of pre‐processing on glucomannan measurement
Authors: Acemi Arda , Çobanoğlu Özmen , Türker‐Kaya Sevgi 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDGlucomannan (GM) is a polysaccharide of the mannan family of compounds found in some plant species. The dried and powdered tubers of some orchid species, collectively known as ‘salep powder,’ are a commercially important crop for human consumption and are one of the primary sources of GM. GM content is the primary indicator for the yield and quality of salep powder. We hypothesized that it would be more practical and accurate to measure GM content within tuber powder directly, prior to any purification or pre‐processing. The GM content of tubers of 14 different orchid species was evaluated and compared using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and an enzymatic colorimetric method.RESULTSAmong the analyzed modes, the sum of the peak areas at 873 and 812 cm−1, which represent the CH bending attributed to the β‐pyranose form of d‐glucose and d‐mannose, respectively, gave the only confirmation using colorimetric methods. It was found that the tubers of Himantoglossum caprinum and Serapias vomeracea had the highest GM concentrations among the analyzed species. After conducting different pre‐processing steps on Serapias vomeracea tubers, it was found that treating the tubers with milk, or high temperature resulted in an apparent increase in GM concentrations.CONCLUSIONHimantoglossum caprinum and Serapias vomeracea give the highest yields of GM and should be used for commercial horticulture. GM estimation should be made prior to any pre‐processing. FTIR spectroscopy is effective and reliable for directly comparing GM content of different orchid species, without the need for any purification or pre‐processing. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Long‐term Survival in Head and Neck Cancer: Impact of Site, Stage, Smoking, and Human Papillomavirus Status
Authors: Du Eugenie , Mazul Angela L. , Farquhar Doug , Brennan Paul , Anantharaman Devasena , Abedi‐Ardekani Behnoush , Weissler Mark C. , Hayes David N. , Olshan Andrew F. , Zevallos Jose P. 
Published: January 2019

Objectives/HypothesisLiterature examining long‐term survival in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) with human papillomavirus (HPV) status is lacking. We compare 10‐year overall survival (OS) rates for cases to population‐based controls.Study DesignProspective cohort study.MethodsCases surviving 5 years postdiagnosis were identified from the Carolina Head and Neck Cancer Study. We examined 10‐year survival by site, stage, p16, and treatment using Kaplan‐Meier and Cox proportional hazard models. Cases were compared to age‐matched, noncancer controls with stratification by p16 and smoking status.ResultsTen‐year OS for HNSCC is less than controls. In 581 cases, OS differed between sites with p16+ oropharynx having the most favorable prognosis (87%), followed by oral cavity (69%), larynx (67%), p16− oropharynx (56%), and hypopharynx (51%). Initial stage, but not treatment, also impacted OS. When compared to controls matched on smoking status, the hazard ratio (HR) for death in p16+ oropharynx cases was 1.5 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.7‐3.1) for smokers and 2.4 (95% CI: 0.7‐8.8) for nonsmokers. Similarly, HR for death in non–HPV‐associated HNSCC was 2.2 (95% CI: 1.7‐3.0) for smokers and 2.4 (95% CI: 1.4‐4.9) for nonsmokers.ConclusionsOS for HNSCC cases continues to decrease 5 years posttreatment, even after stratification by p16 and smoking status. Site, stage, smoking, and p16 status are significant factors. These data provide important prognostic information for HNSCC.Level of Evidence2 Laryngoscope, 129:2506–2513, 2019
Induced Optical Chirality and Circularly Polarized Emission from Achiral CdSe/ZnS Quantum Dots via Resonantly Coupling with Plasmonic Chiral Metasurfaces
Authors: Wang Zeng , Wang Yue , Adamo Giorgio , Teng Jinghua , Sun Handong 
Published: January 2019

AbstractFunctionalization of quantum dots to induce circular dichroism as well as the direct emission of circularly polarized light is the subject of intensive studies for the obvious importance not only in practical applications but also in gaining a deeper understanding of quantum semiconductor heterostructures. In this work, remarkable chiral features in achiral CdSe/ZnS colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) induced by plasmonic chiral metasurfaces are reported. Not only giant circular dichroism, but also a high degree of circular polarization in the light emitted by the CQDs hybridized with the chiral metasurfaces is observed. By probing the response of CQDs combined with tunable chiral metasurfaces, it is shown that the induced chiral features are closely linked to the correlation between the absorption bands of CQDs and the chiral bands of the metasurfaces. The findings indicate that plasmonic chiral metasurface is an effective medium in reshaping CQDs with useful chiral properties.
Tribological performance of oil‐based ZnO and diamond nanofluids
Authors: Han Xue , Barber Gary C. , Zhang Zhenpu , Thrush Steven , Schall J. David , Li Zhanguo , Wang Bingxu 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIn previous studies, few articles investigated the tribological properties of nanofluid‐lubricated ceramic specimens. Therefore, this research focused on the tribological performance of an alumina ball sliding against a steel plate lubricated with ZnO or diamond nanofluids using oleic acid as surfactant. The coefficient of friction obtained with various concentrations of ZnO and diamond nanoparticles was approximately constant at 0.08. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to explore the possible mechanisms of wear with the nanofluids. Generally, as the diamond or ZnO concentration of nanoparticles with oleic acid increases, the disk and ball wear increase. The higher concentration of nanoparticles leads to enhanced three‐body abrasive wear. Diamond nanofluids produced higher ball wear than ZnO nanofluids. The hard diamond particles likely embedded in the disk and/or acted as third‐body particles, which abraded the ball at a high rate.
Antiaging effects of bioactive molecules isolated from plants and fungi
Authors: Martel Jan , Ojcius David M. , Ko Yun‐Fei , Chang Chih‐Jung , Young John D. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAging is influenced by many lifestyle choices that are under human control, including nutrition and exercise. The most effective known antiaging intervention consists of calorie restriction (CR), which increases lifespan in yeasts, worms, fruit flies, mice, and nonhuman primates. CR also improves healthspan by preventing the development of various aging‐related diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and neurodegeneration. Many compounds isolated from plants and fungi prolong lifespan and prevent age‐related diseases in model organisms. These plant and fungal compounds modulate the same cellular and physiological pathways as CR, including those involving insulin and insulin‐like growth factor‐1, mammalian target of rapamycin, and sirtuins. Modulation of these aging‐related pathways results in the activation of various cellular processes such as autophagy, DNA repair, and neutralization of reactive oxygen species. Together, these cellular processes are believed to delay aging and prevent chronic diseases by improving bodily functions and stress resistance. We review here the mechanisms of action of plant and fungal molecules possessing antiaging properties and discuss the possibilities and challenges associated with the development of antiaging compounds isolated from natural products.
Microscopic anisotropy misestimation in spherical‐mean single diffusion encoding MRI
Authors: Henriques Rafael Neto , Jespersen Sune N. , Shemesh Noam 
Published: January 2019

PurposeMicroscopic fractional anisotropy (µFA) can disentangle microstructural information from orientation dispersion. While double diffusion encoding (DDE) MRI methods are widely used to extract accurate µFA, it has only recently been proposed that powder‐averaged single diffusion encoding (SDE) signals, when coupled with the diffusion standard model (SM) and a set of constraints, could be used for µFA estimation. This study aims to evaluate µFA as derived from the spherical mean technique (SMT) set of constraints, as well as more generally for powder‐averaged SM signals.MethodsSDE experiments were performed at 16.4 T on an ex vivo mouse brain (Δ/δ = 12/1.5 ms). The µFA maps obtained from powder‐averaged SDE signals were then compared to maps obtained from DDE‐MRI experiments (Δ/τ/δ = 12/12/1.5 ms), which allow a model‐free estimation of µFA. Theory and simulations that consider different types of heterogeneity are presented for corroborating the experimental findings.ResultsµFA, as well as other estimates derived from powder‐averaged SDE signals produced large deviations from the ground truth in both gray and white matter. Simulations revealed that these misestimations are likely a consequence of factors not considered by the underlying microstructural models (such as intercomponent and intracompartmental kurtosis).ConclusionPowder‐averaged SMT and (2‐component) SM are unable to accurately report µFA and other microstructural parameters in ex vivo tissues. Improper model assumptions and constraints can significantly compromise parameter specificity. Further developments and validations are required prior to implementation of these models in clinical or preclinical research.
Aerodynamic model identification of an autonomous aircraft for airborne wind energy
Authors: Licitra Giovanni , Bürger Adrian , Williams Paul , Ruiterkamp Richard , Diehl Moritz 
Published: January 2019

SummaryAirborne wind energy (AWE) refers to a novel technology capable of harvesting energy from wind by flying crosswind patterns with tethered autonomous aircraft. Successful design of flight controllers for AWE systems relies on the availability of accurate mathematical models. Due to an expected nonconventional structure of the airborne component, the system identification procedure must be ultimately addressed via an intensive flight test campaign to gain additional insight about the aerodynamic properties. In this paper, the longitudinal dynamics of a rigid‐wing, high lift, autonomous aircraft for AWE are identified from experimental data obtained within flight tests. The aerodynamic characteristics are estimated via an efficient time‐domain multiple experiments model‐based parameter estimation algorithm.
Chromosomal microarray analysis in fetuses with congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract: A prospective cohort study and meta‐analysis
Authors: Li Shuyuan , Han Xu , Wang Yanlin , Chen Songchang , Niu Jianmei , Qian Zhaoxia , Li Pin , Jin Li , Xu Chenming 
Published: January 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the usefulness and incremental diagnostic yield of chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) compared with standard karyotyping in fetuses with congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT).MethodsA prospective cohort study and systematic review of the literature were conducted. In the prospective cohort study, 123 fetuses with CAKUT, as detected by prenatal ultrasound at our center, were enrolled and evaluated using karyotyping and CMA. In the meta‐analysis, articles in PubMed and ISI Web of Knowledge databases describing copy number variations (CNVs) in prenatal cases of CAKUT were included.ResultsAmong the 123 fetuses in our prospective cohort study, 13 fetuses were detected with chromosomal abnormalities or submicroscopic chromosomal abnormalities by both karyotyping and CMA. In the remaining 110 fetuses, four pathogenic CNVs in four fetuses were only detected by CMA, indicating an excess diagnostic yield of 3.6%. Six publications and our own study met the inclusion criteria for the meta‐analysis. In total, 615 fetuses with CAKUT were included. The pooled data from all of the reviewed studies indicate that the incremental yield of CMA over karyotyping was 3.8%.ConclusionThe use of CMA provides a 3.8% incremental yield of detecting pathogenic CNVs in fetuses with CAKUT and normal karyotype.