bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prediction of Low and Very Low Bone Mineral Density Among Adult Survivors of Childhood Cancer
Authors: van Atteveld Jenneke E. , Pluijm Saskia M.F. , Ness Kirsten K. , Hudson Melissa M. , Chemaitilly Wassim , Kaste Sue C. , Robison Leslie L. , Neggers Sebastian J.C.M.M. , Yasui Yutaka , van den Heuvel-Eibrink Marry M. , Wilson Carmen L. 
Published: June 2019

PURPOSE To develop and validate prediction models for low and very low bone mineral density (BMD) on the basis of clinical and treatment characteristics that identify adult survivors of childhood cancer who require screening by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. PATIENTS AND METHODS White survivors of childhood cancer (n = 2,032; median attained age, 29.3 years [range, 18.1 to 40.9 years]) enrolled in the St Jude Lifetime Cohort (SJLIFE; development) and survivors treated at the Erasmus Medical Center (validation) in the Netherlands (n = 403; median age, 24.2 years [range, 18.0 to 40.9 years]) were evaluated with dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry to determine lumbar spine BMD and total-body BMD. Low and very low BMD were defined as lumbar spine BMD and/or total-body BMD z scores of −1 or lower or −2 or lower, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression was used to build prediction models; performance was assessed using receiver operating characteristic curves. Diagnostic values were calculated at different probabilities. RESULTS Low BMD was present in 51% and 45% of SJLIFE and Dutch participants, respectively, and very low BMD was present in 20% and 10%, respectively. The model for low BMD included male sex (odds ratio [OR], 3.07), height (OR, 0.95), weight (OR, 0.98), attained age (OR, 0.97), current smoking status (OR, 1.48), and cranial irradiation (OR, 2.11). Areas under the curve were 0.72 (95% CI, 0.70 to 0.75) in the SJLIFE cohort and 0.69 (95% CI, 0.64 to 0.75) in the Dutch cohort. The sum of the sensitivity (69.0%) and specificity (64.0%) was maximal at the predicted probability of 50%. The model for very low BMD included male sex (OR, 3.28), height (OR, 0.95), weight (OR, 0.97), attained age (OR, 0.98), cranial irradiation (OR, 2.07), and abdominal irradiation (OR, 1.61), yielding areas under the curve of 0.76 (95% CI, 0.73 to 0.78; SJLIFE cohort) and 0.75 (95% CI, 0.67 to 0.83; Dutch cohort). CONCLUSION Validated prediction models for low and very low BMD, using easily measured patient and treatment characteristics, correctly identified BMD status in most white adult survivors through age 40 years.
Late Relapses in Patients With Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Treated With Immunochemotherapy
Authors: Wang Yucai , Farooq Umar , Link Brian K. , Larson Melissa C. , King Rebecca L. , Maurer Matthew J. , Allmer Cristine , Hefazi Mehrdad , Thompson Carrie A. , Micallef Ivana N. , Johnston Patrick B. , Habermann Thomas M. , Witzig Thomas E. , Ansell Stephen M. , Cerhan James R. , Nowakowski Grzegorz S. 
Published: June 2019

PURPOSE In patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), most relapses occur within the first 2 years of diagnosis. We sought to define the rate and outcome of late relapses that occurred after achieving event-free survival at 24 months (EFS24). METHODS We prospectively followed 1,324 patients with newly diagnosed DLBCL from 2002 to 2015 and treated with immunochemotherapy. Cumulative incidences of late DLBCL and indolent lymphoma relapses were analyzed as competing events. Postrelapse survival was defined as time from first relapse to death from any cause. RESULTS In 847 patients who achieved EFS24, the cumulative incidence of late relapse was 6.9% at 3 years, 9.3% at 5 years, and 10.3% at 8 years after EFS24. The incidence of DLBCL relapse was similar in patients with DLBCL alone at diagnosis (6.3% at 5 years), compared with patients with concurrent indolent lymphoma at diagnosis (5.2%; P = .46). However, the rate of indolent lymphoma relapse was higher in patients with concurrent indolent lymphoma (7.4% v 2.1% at 5 years; P < .01). In patients with DLBCL alone, the rate of DLBCL relapse was similar in the germinal center B-cell–like (GCB) (4.1% at 5 years) and non-GCB (4.0%; P = .71) subtypes, whereas the rate of indolent lymphoma relapse was higher in patients with the GCB subtype (3.9% v 0.0% at 5 years; P = .02). Postrelapse survival was inferior for patients who relapsed with DLBCL than for those who relapsed with indolent lymphoma (median 29.9 months v unreached; P < .01). CONCLUSION Patients with DLBCL with a concurrent indolent lymphoma and those with the GCB subtype had a higher rate of late relapse, owing to increased relapses with indolent lymphoma. Patients who relapsed with DLBCL had a worse prognosis than those who relapsed with indolent lymphoma.
Interdisciplinary Chemistry Based on Integration of Liquid Crystals and Conjugated Polymers: Development and Progress
Authors: Akagi Kazuo 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe helical structures and optoelectronic functions of conjugated polymers were dynamically controlled using an external force-responsive liquid crystal field, leading to cultivation and development of a novel research field named “Interdisciplinary Chemistry Based on Integration of Liquid Crystals and Conjugated Polymers”. First the external stimuli-responsive liquid crystal field was prepared to construct super-hierarchical helical structures of the conjugated polymers. Subsequently, the chiroptical properties including circularly polarized luminescence were enhanced and controlled. Furthermore, the helical carbons and graphites films were prepared via morphology-retaining carbonization using chemically or electrochemically doped conjugated polymers as precursors.
Ischemic Preconditioning Maintains Performance on Two 5-km Time Trials in Hypoxia
Authors: DA MOTA GUSTAVO R. , WILLIS SARAH J. , SOBRAL NELSON DOS SANTOS , BORRANI FABIO , BILLAUT FRANÇOIS , MILLET GRÉGOIRE P. 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACT

Purpose
The ergogenic effect of ischemic preconditioning (IPC) on endurance exercise performed in hypoxia remains debated and has never been investigated with successive exercise bouts. Therefore, we evaluated if IPC would provide immediate or delayed effects during two 5-km cycling time trials (TT) separated by ~1 h in hypoxia.

Methods
In a counterbalanced randomized crossover design, 13 healthy males (27.5 ± 3.6 yr) performed two maximal cycling 5-km TT separated by ~1 h of recovery (TT1 25 min and TT2 2 h post-IPC/SHAM), preceded by IPC (3 × 5 min occlusion 220 mm Hg/reperfusion 0 mm Hg, bilaterally on thighs) or SHAM (20 mm Hg) at normobaric hypoxia (fraction of inspired oxygen [FiO2] of 16%). Performance and physiological (i.e., oxyhemoglobin saturation, heart rate, blood lactate, and vastus lateralis oxygenation) parameters were recorded.

Results
Time to complete (P = 0.011) 5-km TT and mean power output (P = 0.005) from TT1 to TT2 were worse in SHAM, but not in IPC (P = 0.381/P = 0.360, respectively). There were no differences in time, power output, or physiological variables during the two TT between IPC and SHAM. All muscle oxygenation indices differed (P < 0.001) during the IPC/SHAM with a greater deoxygenation in IPC. During the TT, there was a greater concentration of total hemoglobin in IPC than SHAM (P = 0.047) and greater total hemoglobin in TT1 than TT2. Further, the concentration of oxyhemoglobin was lower during TT2 than TT1 (P = 0.005).

Conclusion
In moderate hypoxia, IPC allowed maintaining a higher blood volume during a subsequent maximal exercise, mitigating the performance decrement between two consecutive cycling TT.
Ultrasound Does Not Detect Acute Changes in Glycogen in Vastus Lateralis of Man
Authors: ROUTLEDGE HARRY E. , BRADLEY WARREN J. , SHEPHERD SAM O. , COCKS MATTHEW , ERSKINE ROBERT M. , CLOSE GRAEME L. , MORTON JAMES P. 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACT

Purpose
To examine the validity of ultrasound (via cloud-based software that measures pixilation intensity according to a scale of 0–100) to noninvasively assess muscle glycogen in human skeletal muscle.

Methods
In study 1, 14 professional male rugby league players competed in an 80-min competitive rugby league game. In study 2 (in a randomized repeated measures design), 16 recreationally active males completed an exhaustive cycling protocol to deplete muscle glycogen followed by 36 h of HIGH or LOW carbohydrate intake (8 g·kg−1 vs 3 g·kg−1 body mass). In both studies, muscle biopsies and ultrasound scans were obtained from the vastus lateralis (at 50% of the muscle length) before and after match play in study 1 and at 36 h after glycogen depletion in study 2.

Results
Despite match play reducing (P < 0.01) muscle glycogen concentration (pregame: 443 ± 65; postgame: 271 ± 94 mmol·kg−1 dw, respectively) in study 1, there were no significant changes (P = 0.4) in ultrasound scores (pregame: 47 ± 6, postgame: 49 ± 7). In study 2, muscle glycogen concentration was significantly different (P < 0.01) between HIGH (531 ±129 mmol·kg−1 dw) and LOW (252 ± 64 mmol·kg−1 dw) yet there was no difference (P = 0.9) in corresponding ultrasound scores (HIGH: 56 ± 7, LOW: 54 ± 6). In both studies, no significant correlations (P > 0.05) were present between changes in muscle glycogen concentration and changes in ultrasound scores.

Conclusions
Data demonstrate that ultrasound (as based on measures of pixilation intensity) is not valid to measure muscle glycogen status within the physiological range (i.e., 200–500 mmol·kg−1 dw) that is applicable to exercise-induced muscle glycogen utilization and postexercise muscle glycogen resynthesis.
Two Birds, One Stone: Joint Timing of Returns and Capital Gains Taxes
Authors: Lei Yaoting , Li Ya , Xu Jing 
Published: June 2019

In asset return predictability, realized returns and future expected returns tend to move in opposite directions. This generates a tension between tax- and market-timing incentives. In this study, a portfolio choice problem in the presence of both return predictability and capital gains tax is examined. We characterize various features of the optimal trading strategy, and demonstrate that the optimal strategy helps mitigate the tension between market- and tax-timing. The calibrated model suggests that return predictability can significantly increase both the utility loss due to capital gains tax and the value of deferring capital gains realization. Overall, our results suggest that the nature of the asset return process can have important implications for the welfare effects of capital gains tax. This paper was accepted by Karl Diether, finance.
Participation in leisure-time activities and the role of individual factors in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy
Authors: Amiri Alireza , Kalantari Minoo , Rezaee Mehdi , Baghban Alireza Akbarzadeh 
Published: June 2019

Background/Aims This study evaluated the role of individual factors of children and adolescents with cerebral palsy in the prediction of leisure participation. Methods A cross-sectional study design was used. A group of children and adolescents with cerebral palsy were selected to complete the Children's Assessment of Participation and Enjoyment. Participants' cognitive levels were assessed based on the Study of Participation of Children with Cerebral Palsy Living in Europe estimated cognitive levels. Findings The models could best predict up to 31.8% of the variance in the participation rates, 28.4% of the variance in the frequency scores and 33.5% of the variance in the enjoyment scores of leisure domains. The type of cerebral palsy was one of the most significant predictive factors of leisure participation (β ranged from −0.177 to −0.525 for quadriplegia). Conclusions Therapists and rehabilitation specialists may consider individual factors to predict a proportion of leisure participation subscales before planning for interventions aimed at promoting the leisure participation of children and adolescents with cerebral palsy.
Cross-cultural adaptation and clinical evaluation of a Korean version of the Work, Osteoarthritis or joint-Replacement Questionnaire
Authors: Lee Gyu-wan , Yi Chung-hwi , Kim Gyoung-mo , Lee Young-jung , Yoon Jang-whon 
Published: June 2019

Background and aim The Work Osteoarthritis or joint-Replacement Questionnaire (WORQ) is a new assessment tool developed in the Netherlands. It needs translation and cross-cultural adaptation for use in each country. The aim of this study was to translate the Work Osteoarthritis or joint-Replacement Questionnaire into Korean and to verify its reliability and validity. Methods To evaluate the clinimetric quality of the Korean-WORQ, we performed tests for internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha), reliability (intra-class correlation coefficients) and concurrent validity (Spearman's correlation coefficient). Factor analysis was carried out to identify the principal components of the questionnaire. Findings Both the internal consistency and intra-class correlation coefficients showed the reliability of the Korean-WORQ to be excellent. The Korean-WORQ had a strong positive correlation with the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index and three components were extracted in factor analysis. Conclusions Based on these results, the Korean-WORQ seems to be a suitable questionnaire for assessing the disability levels of patients with knee injuries.
A INSUFICIÊNCIA DO USO DO CONCEITO DE TRADIÇÃO PELA CRÍTICA HERMENÊUTICA DO DIREITO
Authors: Filho Paulo Ferrareze 
Published: June 2019

O presente diagnóstico busca demonstrar que o uso do conceitode tradição oriundo da hermenêutica filosófica não é capaz de subsidiar apossibilidade de respostas corretas em Direito, tal qual propugna, via Dworkin e Gadamer, a Crítica Hermenêutica do Direito (CHD). Para tanto, o diagnóstico analisa características mitológicas da figura de Hermes Trismegistos, bem como operacionaliza os conceitos nietzschianos de perspectivismo e de morte de deus (história).
REFLEXÕES EM TORNO DA CONFIGURAÇÃO MODERNA DA CORRUPÇÃO
Authors: Loureiro Flávia Noversa 
Published: June 2019

Disponível em: www.univali.br/periodicos A perceção social, aliada aos fenómenos corruptivos, sofreu, implicativamente, profundas modificações, passando de uma atitude de tolerância ou indiferença para uma posição de recusa, de denúncia pública e, mesmo, de algum alarme. Hoje, quando falamos em corrupção, pretendemos significar um conjunto fenomenológico muito mais lato, coincidente com aquiloa que chamamos «perceção social da corrupção». A corrupção está longede ter apenas uma dimensão jurídico-criminal, pelo que devemos salientar igualmente o envidamento de esforços que têm vindo a desenvolver-se em nível administrativo. A tónica, neste caso, está não já na repressão, mas sobretudo na prevenção de atos corruptivos. Muitos outros aspetos são igualmente relevantes quando falamos de prevenção e repressão da corrupção. Passam pela atitude da sociedade, pelo papel dos media, pelos meios técnicos e capacidades humanas da investigação criminal, quando seja caso dela, entre tantos outros fatores. O que nos parece verdadeiramente intransponível – se bem que não se afigure nada fácil a partir de um enfoque juspenalista – é que compreendamos as múltiplas e interpenetrantes dimensões do fenómeno, sem o que continuaremos com vislumbres fragmentários e pouco produtivos da realidade.
Strength, Elastic Modulus, and Creep of High-Strength Concrete Produced with Bagasse Ash and Recycled Concrete Aggregate
Authors: Rattanachu Pokpong , Tangchirapat Weerachart , Jaturapitakkul Chai , Chindaprasirt Prinya 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
In this study, the mechanical properties of a high-strength recycled concrete (HS-RC) incorporating ground bagasse ash (GBA) were evaluated. Recycled coarse aggregate (R-CA) from concrete demolition was used as a full replacement for natural coarse aggregate (N-CA). The GBA was used to partially substitute 20–50 wt. % of the ordinary portland cement cementitious material. The results indicated that the replacement of N-CA by R-CA led to a slight reduction in the compressive strength of the concrete compared with that of conventional high-strength (CT) concrete. However, the R-CA had a clear negative impact on the elastic modulus and creep strain of the HS-RC. The HS-RC mixtures prepared with 20 wt. % GBA had a higher compressive strength than the CT concrete at later ages (90 days or more). Likewise, the GBA slightly reduced the creep strain, whereas the HS-RC with and without GBA had an approximately 20 % lower elastic modulus than the CT concrete. In addition, the creep strain of concretes containing R-CA and GBA was related to their modulus of elasticity and compressive strength, which could be calculated by a proposed equation and were compared with the results from the predicted model given by ACI 209.2R-08, Guide for Modeling and Calculating Shrinkage and Creep in Hardened Concrete.
Cortical Tracking of Complex Sound Envelopes: Modeling the Changes in Response with Intensity
Authors: Drennan Denis P. , Lalor Edmund C. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractCharacterizing how the brain responds to stimuli has been a goal of sensory neuroscience for decades. One key approach has been to fit linear models to describe the relationship between sensory inputs and neural responses. This has included models aimed at predicting spike trains, local field potentials, BOLD responses, and EEG/MEG. In the case of EEG/MEG, one explicit use of this linear modeling approach has been the fitting of so-called temporal response functions (TRFs). TRFs have been used to study how auditory cortex tracks the amplitude envelope of acoustic stimuli, including continuous speech. However, such linear models typically assume that variations in the amplitude of the stimulus feature (i.e., the envelope) produce variations in the magnitude but not the latency or morphology of the resulting neural response. Here, we show that by amplitude binning the stimulus envelope, and then using it to fit a multivariate TRF, we can better account for these amplitude-dependent changes, and that this leads to a significant improvement in model performance for both amplitude-modulated noise and continuous speech in humans. We also show that this performance can be further improved through the inclusion of an additional envelope representation that emphasizes onsets and positive changes in the stimulus, consistent with the idea that while some neurons track the entire envelope, others respond preferentially to onsets in the stimulus. We contend that these results have practical implications for researchers interested in modeling brain responses to amplitude modulated sounds.
Patterns of Electrolyte Testing at Children’s Hospitals for Common Inpatient Diagnoses
Authors: Tchou Michael J. , Hall Matt , Shah Samir S. , Johnson David P. , Schroeder Alan R. , Antoon James W. , Genies Marquita C. , Quinonez Ricardo , Miller Christopher W. , Shah Snehal P. , Brady Patrick W. ,   for the Pediatric Research in Inpatient Settings (PRIS) Network
Published: June 2019

BACKGROUND:Overuse of laboratory testing contributes substantially to health care waste, downstream resource use, and patient harm. Understanding patterns of variation in hospital-level testing across common inpatient diagnoses could identify outliers and inform waste-reduction efforts.METHODS:We conducted a multicenter retrospective cohort study of pediatric inpatients at 41 children’s hospitals using administrative data from 2010 to 2016. Initial electrolyte testing was defined as testing occurring within the first 2 days of an encounter, and repeat testing was defined as subsequent testing within an encounter in which initial testing occurred. To examine if testing rates correlated across diagnoses at the hospital level, we compared risk-adjusted rates for gastroenteritis with a weighted average of risk-adjusted rates in other diagnosis cohorts. For each diagnosis, linear regression was performed to compare initial and subsequent testing.RESULTS:In 497 719 patient encounters, wide variation was observed across hospitals in adjusted, initial, and repeat testing rates. Hospital-specific rates of testing in gastroenteritis were moderately to strongly correlated with the weighted average of testing in other conditions (initial: r = 0.63; repeat r = 0.83). Within diagnoses, higher hospital-level initial testing rates were associated with significantly increased rates of subsequent testing for all diagnoses except gastroenteritis.CONCLUSIONS:Among children’s hospitals, rates of initial and repeat electrolyte testing vary widely across 8 common inpatient diagnoses. For most diagnoses, hospital-level rates of initial testing were associated with rates of subsequent testing. Consistent rates of testing across multiple diagnoses suggest that hospital-level factors, such as institutional culture, may influence decisions for electrolyte testing.
The Structural Characterization of a Series of Uranium-containing Gadolinium Zirconates
Authors: Gregg Daniel J. , Zhang Yingjie , Zhang Zhaoming , Karatchevtseva Inna , Blackford Mark G. , Triani Gerry , Lumpkin Gregory R. , Vance Eric R. 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTA series of uranium-containing gadolinium zirconate samples have been fabricated at 1723 K in air. X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy have confirmed pyrochlore or defect fluorite structures, while diffuse reflectance, X-ray absorption near edge structure and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies indicate a predominantly U6+oxidation state, even when Ca2+was added to charge balance for U4+. The results demonstrate the potential of gadolinium zirconates as host materials for actinides.
UO2 dissolution in high pH conditions of the Belgian Supercontainer
Authors: Mennecart Th. , Cachoir C. , Lemmens K. 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTTo assess the long-term behavior of spent fuel in alkaline conditions representative for the Belgian Supercontainer design, static and dynamic dissolution tests were performed with depleted and Pu-doped UO2 , simulating medium burn-up UOX fuels of different fuel ages. The experiments were performed under argon atmosphere at 25 – 30°C in cement waters in the pH range 11.7 – 13.5 and at different SA/V ratios. This paper presents the observed UO2 matrix dissolution rates based on the (238U or 233U) release, and proposes a selection of reference dissolution rates for performance assessment. We demonstrate that the dissolution rates at high pH are equivalent to the dissolution rates reported in the literature for neutral pH conditions. The α-activity threshold below which radiolytical fuel oxidation becomes negligible, seems to be close to the threshold reported for anoxic media at neutral pH.