bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trajectories of Coping With Persistent Smell and Taste Dysfunction After a Covid‐19 Infection—A Qualitative Interview Study
Authors: Sandvik Pernilla , Neuman Nicklas , Flodin Maja , Lövestam Elin 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAimTo explore trajectories of understanding and managing persistent chemosensory dysfunction after COVID‐19 in patients undergoing clinical treatment.DesignA descriptive qualitative interview study with a realist approach.MethodData were collected in Sweden, from August 2022 to March 2023 through semi‐structured interviews with 30 patients undergoing treatment for long‐lasting smell and taste dysfunction resulting from COVID‐19. Thematic analysis was applied in a process that involved continuous discussions and refinement of codes into themes and subthemes.ResultsThree main themes were identified: (1) Understanding the sensory alterations, which includes subthemes of Searching for validation and Seeking remedies; (2) Practical coping strategies, encompassing Adapted eating and Managing olfactory training and (3) Navigating the emotional landscape, featuring Self‐persuasion and suppression and The ambivalence of acceptance. These themes highlight the cyclic and fluid nature of coping with the dysfunction, reflecting a dynamic process of adaptation. Despite treatment options like olfactory training, participants frequently experienced frustration due to limited perceived improvement and the psychological toll of managing their condition.ConclusionThe study highlights the complex and personal nature of coping with long‐term smell and taste dysfunction post‐COVID‐19. Coping strategies varied widely and evolved over time, reflecting a dynamic process of adaptation. The emotional and psychological impact was profound, underscoring the need for comprehensive treatment approaches that include both physiological and psychological support. There is a need for more effective interventions and support mechanisms to improve the quality of life for those affected by these persistent symptoms.ImplicationsThis study contributes to the understanding of COVID‐19's long‐term effects on smell and taste, highlighting the need for ongoing support from health care, further research into effective interventions, and a comprehensive approach to care for individuals affected by these conditions.ImpactThis study addresses trajectories and challenges of coping with persistent chemosensory dysfunction. Findings emphasise the complexity of managing persistent chemosensory dysfunction and the critical role of personalised care. The study contributes to knowledge for nurses in understanding patients with chemosensory dysfunction.Reporting MethodThis research adheres to the EQUATOR guidelines: Standards for reporting qualitative research (SRQR).Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.
miR‐155 promotes m6A modification of SOX2 mRNA through targeted regulation of HIF‐1α and delays wound healing in diabetic foot ulcer in vitro models
Authors: Peng Jiarui , Zhu Hong , Ruan Bin , Duan Zhisheng , Cao Mei 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveDiabetic foot ulcers (DFU) are one of the most destructive complications of diabetes mellitus. The aim of this study was to link miR‐155 and SOX2 with DFU to explore the regulation of wound healing by DFU and its potential mechanism.MethodsHuman keratinocytes (HaCaT) were induced with advanced glycation end products (AGEs) to construct DFU models in vitro. AGE‐induced HaCaT cells were subjected to CCK‐8 assays, flow cytometry, and wound healing assays to evaluate cell proliferation, apoptosis, and migration capacity, respectively. RT–qPCR and Western blotting were used to determine gene and protein expression levels, respectively. N6‐methyladenosine (M6A) levels in total RNA were assessed using an M6A methylation quantification kit.ResultsOur results suggested that the inhibition of miR‐155 promoted wound healing in an in vitro DFU model, while the knockdown of HIF‐1α reversed this process, and that HIF‐1α was a target protein of miR‐155. In addition, knockdown of HIF‐1α promoted the m6A level of SOX2 mRNA, inhibited the expression of SOX2, and inhibited the activation of the EGFR/MEK/ERK signaling pathway, thus inhibiting the proliferation and migration of HaCaT cells and promoting the apoptosis of HaCaT cells, while overexpression of SOX2 reversed this effect. We also found that METTL3 knockdown had the opposite effect of HIF‐1α knockdown.ConclusionsInhibition of miR‐155 promoted the expression of HIF‐1α and attenuated the m6A modification of SOX2 mRNA, thereby promoting the expression of SOX2 and activating the downstream EGFR/MEK/ERK signaling pathway to promote wound healing in an in vitro DFU model.
Spray Drying Microencapsulation of Antioxidant Bioflavonoids: A Bibliometric Analysis and Review on Recent Research Landscape (2013–2023) and Process Optimization
Authors: Chan Wen Shan , Teoh Khe Xin , Leong Joey Natalie , Che Zain Mohamad Shazeli 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTSpray drying has become a prevalent method for microencapsulating antioxidant bioflavonoids, offering cost‐effectiveness and suitability for commercial nutraceutical production. Yet, challenges persist due to powder instability stemming from material compatibility issues and suboptimal operating conditions. A bibliometric analysis spanning 2013–2023 explored this research domain, revealing a burgeoning interest globally, notably from China, India, and Brazil. Keyword analysis highlighted prevalent themes like response surface methodology and process optimization, emphasizing maltodextrin's frequent use in encapsulation. Research delved into critical parameters such as wall material selection, compound‐to‐wall ratio, and operational optimization encompassing flow rate and inlet temperature. These insights drive advancements in spray drying technology, enabling the production of premium‐quality nutraceutical ingredients while addressing stability concerns. This research underscores the significance of optimizing spray drying processes to enhance the efficacy and shelf life of bioflavonoid‐based nutraceuticals for commercial viability.
Effect of magnetic resonance imaging protocol on decision‐making for positioning of dental implants in edentulous cases
Authors: Parize Hian , Meier Norbert , Kleinheinz Johannes , Laganá Dalva Cruz , Sesma Newton , Bohner Lauren 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPurposeThis study aimed to assess the influence of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocol on the decision‐making for the positioning of dental implants in edentulous arches in comparison to planning based on cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).Materials and MethodsOne phantom was scanned with CBCT and two MRI protocols (T1‐ and T2‐weighted). Two calibrated examiners performed digital implant planning (coDiagnostiX, Dental Wings), considering a digital prosthetic planning and alveolar ridge surface scan. Four implants were planned for each patient dataset, and the angular deviation between the long axis of the implants and the prosthetic planning occlusal plane was measured.ResultsEach examiner planned 40 implants, 12 implants with CBCT and 28 implants with MRI (16 with T1 and 12 with T2 images). Significant differences in angle deviation were observed between CBCT, T1, and T2 in the anterior region for both examiners (p = 0.009 for examiner 1 and p = 0.042 for examiner 2). Implants planned with CBCT showed significantly lower angular deviation than those based on the T1 and T2 scans for both examiners (p = 0.028 and p = 0.046 for examiner 1 and p = 0.028 and p = 0.027 for examiner 2). No significant difference in angular deviation was found between T1 and T2 for both examiners (examiner 1: p = 0.600, examiner 2: p = 0.916).ConclusionCompared to CBCT planning, the MRI protocol influenced decision‐making for anterior dental implants, with angular deviations within acceptable clinical thresholds, but further studies are needed to validate these findings.
The Effects of Shrimp Waste Added to Broiler Diets on Growth Performance, Slaughter and Carcass Characteristics, Intestinal Morphology, Bone Traits, and Fatty Acids in the Meat
Authors: Onbaşılar Esin Ebru , Gündoğar Umut Can , Çapar Akyüz Hilal , Yalçın Sakine , Ahlat Ozan , Yüceer Özkul Banu , Çelebi Berkay , Bundur Atakan , Gebeş Emre Sunay , Ünal Necmettin , Özbeyaz Ceyhan 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTRecycling animal waste is crucial for the circular economy, promoting environmental and sustainability. This study aimed to assess the impact of shrimp waste added to broiler diets on growth performance, slaughter and carcass characteristics, intestinal morphology, bone traits, and fatty acids in the meat. In the study, 315 ROSS‐308 male broiler chicks were utilised as the animal subjects. The experiment consisted of five groups based on the timing and amount of shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) waste addition to their diet (Control [C], 1% added the first 11 days [1% FED], 1% added during fattening [1% DF], 2% added during the first 11 days [2% FED], 2% added during fattening [2% DF]). The differences in body weight, body weight gain, total feed intake and total feed conversion ratio, carcass parameters, relative internal organ weights, and fatty acids of thigh and breast meat among the groups were found to be statistically insignificant (p > 0.05). The addition of shrimp waste to the diet only significantly affected the VH/CD ratio in the jejunum, with the C group showing a lower ratio (p < 0.05). Adding shrimp waste to the diet only affected the seedor index of the femur among the characteristics of the leg bones, and an interaction between the period and the group was observed for this trait (p < 0.05). According to the results, up to 2% shrimp waste can be added to the diet without adversely affecting broiler performance, carcass quality, villus and bone properties, and fatty acid composition. The use of shrimp waste in feed can benefit the broiler industry and protect to environment.
Unravelling Uncertainty Inception: When We Really Know That We Don't Know?
Authors: Cunha Lara Daniela Matos , Ventura Filipa , Pestana‐Santos Márcia , Lomba Lurdes , Santos Margarida Reis 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThrough technical rationality, healthcare professionals address instrumental problems by applying the theory and technique arising from scientific knowledge. Nevertheless, the divergent situations of practice characterised by uncertainty, instability, and uniqueness place nurses in a positivist epistemological dilemma. Decision‐making under uncertainty is a challenge that nurses face in clinical practice daily. Nurses anticipate critical events based on the interaction between (un)known factors of clinical reasoning, putting uncertainty tolerance into perspective. With undeniable epistemological relevance, few nursing researchers have addressed this issue. Based on the insights garnered from the panel held at the 26th International Nursing Philosophy Conference, this discussion paper examines the inception of uncertainty within nursing reasoning, intertwining introspection, abstraction, and the rich discussions from the conference. Accordingly, the philosophical underpinnings of the perceived experience of uncertainty will be briefly addressed, while framing the decision‐making challenges faced by nurses. A compelling dimension of nursing care emerges when we delve into the inception of uncertainty, prompting a deeper examination of the interplay between its perception and consciousness in clinical practice, and the gravitation of uncertainty in the process of empirical reasoning. Navigating uncertainty involves varying individual responses, influenced by tolerance levels. Moral appropriateness is determined by their adaptability rather than solely their positivity or logical consistency, highlighting constancy as a quality demanding alignment with an understanding of challenges.
The Impact of Early Indication of Living Donor Liver Transplantation on the Outcomes of Patients With Propionic Acidemia: A Single‐Center Experience
Authors: Nakao Toshimasa , Sakamoto Seisuke , Shimizu Seiichi , Fukuda Akinari , Uchida Hajime , Yanagi Yusuke , Komine Ryuji , Kodama Tasuku , Ninomiya Aoi , Yamada Masaki , Ono Hiroshi , Nosaka Shunsuke , Horikawa Reiko , Kasahara Mureo 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundLiver transplantation has been indicated for propionic acidemia (PA) patients with frequent metabolic decompensation and performed as an enzyme replacement therapy. We retrospectively evaluated the outcomes of patients with PA and analyze the appropriate timing of living donor liver transplantation (LDLT).MethodsWe reviewed 12 children with PA who underwent LDLT, who were divided into early (period from the first episode of metabolic decompensation to LDLT < 1 year; n = 6) and late (> 1 year; n = 6) indication groups depending on the timing of LDLT.ResultsThe patient and graft survival rates were 100% in 12 children with PA, and the median observation period was 61 months (5–193 months). None of the patients experienced any episodes of metabolic decompensation after LDLT. The timing of LDLT did not influence the incidence of surgical complications. Two patients in the late indication group had episodes of cardiac arrest and long QT syndrome before LDLT, and one patient showed prolongation of QT interval after LDLT. Two of the six patients in the late indication group had findings of metabolic stroke of the brain on MRI before LDLT. Although LDLT improved the findings of metabolic stroke, a decrease in development quotient score was shown in the post‐LDLT course.ConclusionsLDLT may be an effective therapeutic option for improving metabolic control. Early LDLT might be help prevent cardiomyopathy and neurological impairment.
Implementation and Effectiveness of a Nurse‐Led Oral Hygiene Program for Schoolchildren: A Quasi‐Experimental Study
Authors: Mohamed Amal H. , Ali Howayda Mohammed , Berdida Daniel Joseph E. , Agunod Cyrelle D. , Santos Adelina M. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivesGood oral hygiene is essential for schoolchildren's well‐being. However, lack of knowledge, negative attitudes, and poor oral hygiene practices may predispose to oral‐related diseases. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of a nurse‐led oral hygiene program on schoolchildren's knowledge, attitudes, and practices.DesignA quasi‐experimental design with pre‐and‐post‐test was used.SampleUsing the convenience sampling technique, we recruited 400 schoolchildren, aged 11–12 and in grades 5–6, from two primary schools in Egypt.MethodsThe study was conducted from September 2022 to May 2023. The Oral Hygiene Program served as the primary intervention. This program contains health education topics (e.g., the importance of oral hygiene, techniques for effective tooth brushing, and dietary choices that promote dental health). Three visits were conducted (Visit 1: introduction of the program purpose and objectives and pre‐test scores collection, Visit 2: implementation of oral hygiene topics, and Visit 3: post‐test scores collection). We used three self‐report instruments (Oral Health Knowledge Questionnaire, Hiroshima University's Dental Behavioral Inventory, and Oral Health Practice Questionnaire) for pre‐ and post‐test. Paired T test and Pearson correlation analysis were used for data analysis.ResultsAfter the intervention program, the oral hygiene program effectively enhanced schoolchildren's knowledge, attitudes, and practices. The post‐intervention mean scores were 7.83 ± 0.488 (knowledge), 6.63 ± 1.7 (practices), and 9.33 ± 1.1 (attitudes). High statistically significant differences were noted between schoolchildren's oral health knowledge, attitudes, and practices before and after implementing the program (p = 0.000).ConclusionThere were enhancements in the level of knowledge, with improved positive attitudes and satisfactory practices among schoolchildren after the implementation of the oral hygiene program. Integrating oral hygiene programs into the general curriculum in primary schools and training school nurses, caregivers, and teachers in implementing oral hygiene programs could improve oral health knowledge, attitudes, and practices for preventing oral problems.
Immune Response in Cattle Trypanosomosis and Trypanotolerance: Main Findings and Gaps
Authors: Somé Gnohion Fabrice , Séré Modou , Somda Bienvenu Martin , Dayo Guiguigbaza‐Kossigan , Ouédraogo Georges Anicet , Boulangé Alain , Maarifi Ghizlane , Chantal Isabelle , Berthier‐Teyssedre David , Thévenon Sophie 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTTrypanosome parasites of the genus Trypanosoma cause African animal trypanosomosis, a devastating livestock disease plaguing sub‐Saharan Africa. Unlike many protozoan parasites, these extracellular blood‐borne pathogens directly engage the host's immune system. While the mouse model has provided valuable insights, a comprehensive understanding of the bovine immune response to trypanosomes remains elusive. Addressing the immune response in cattle, the most relevant host species, and how it takes part in mitigating the negative impact of the disease could contribute to setting up sustainable control strategies. This review summarises the current knowledge of the immune response in cattle during trypanosomosis. Following a brief overview of infection processes and bovine trypanotolerance, we present advances in the regulation of host innate, inflammatory and adaptive responses and delve into the key immunological players involved in immunoactivities and immunosuppression. We discuss how these mechanisms contribute to tolerance or susceptibility to infection, highlighting critical gaps in knowledge that require further investigation.
Militarized policing in the hinterlands: A Blackwater training ground and the cultural conceptions of security
Authors: Kanosky Alison J. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractResearch in recent decades shows that private military and security contractors have reshaped the tenor and reach of US military power abroad while also accelerating the militarization of domestic policing. Previous work on militarized policing has primarily centered on urban environments. This article examines Blackwater North, a facility in a rural Illinois community, which provided privatized, militarized police training from 2007 through 2010. Drawing from newspaper accounts, government records, and ethnographic fieldwork conducted in the community after the facility's closure, I analyze residents’ recollections of the local support of and opposition to Blackwater North. I argue that local supporters promoted a culture of perpetual preparedness that positioned militarized policing as a rational form of harm reduction, as well as one that could yield economic benefits to struggling host communities. I also examine the opposition and analyze the insider/outsider divides that emerged within the debate surrounding Blackwater North. At stake for both supporters and opponents were differing cultural conceptions of what increases, and what erodes, security. This case study focuses on rural spaces’ role in the landscape of militarized policing and illuminates the cultural processes by which privatized military power and militarized policing become accepted and resisted at the community level.
Linking phylogenetic niche conservatism in bacterial communities in sorghum root compartments revealed by the Hongyingzi cultivar
Authors: Zhao L. , Luo Z. , Hu Z. , Zhang Y. , Zhao T. , Zhong Y. , Wang X. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The root system harbours complex bacterial communities, which are critical for plant growth and health. Significant differences exist between bacterial communities in the root compartments; however, limited reports have explored their phylogenetic composition and niche conservatism in the root system of sorghum.
We used the sorghum Hongyingzi cultivar as test plant, and applied 16S rRNA high‐throughput sequencing and various statistical approaches.
Phylogenetic composition of bacterial communities in root compartments were primarily driven by closely related species with similar environmental adaptations. We also found evidence of phylogenetic niche conservatism in bacterial communities for edaphic factors in the various root compartments, with pH and available N playing essential roles in shaping community composition. Environmental threshold analysis revealed threshold ranges of dominant taxa for pH and available N, indicating wider adaptive thresholds for more abundant taxa. Reconstruction of ancestral states suggested evolutionary changes in adaptability of certain bacterial taxa to edaphic factors, suggesting a shift towards slightly acidic, high N environments and reflecting the prolonged mutual interaction between bacteria and plants in cultivated soils.
These findings enhance our understanding of environmental responses and evolutionary dynamics of root‐associated microbiota in young sorghum plants and provide novel insights into ecological adaptations, shedding light on their responses to environmental factors. Our study contributes to a better understanding of the ecological dynamics of root‐associated microbiota and offers analytical pathways for exploring the nutritional regulation of root microbiota.
The unstable social networks of students: Where does dissimilarity drive tie dissolution?
Authors: Franken Rob , Bekhuis Hidde , Tolsma Jochem 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSocial relations between demographically dissimilar people are less likely to last. But up till now, why relations with dissimilar friends, confidants, or even sport partners are less stable has remained unclear. We argue that the faster dissolution of ties to dissimilar others may stem from their weaker embeddedness in our social networks. We may feel less emotionally close to those who differ from us in key social dimensions such as gender, age, and education, and these alters may fulfill fewer roles (e.g., friend and study partner, or ‘multiplexity’). Moreover, their dissimilarity may hinder their ability to form relations with others in our social network. In this contribution, we investigate the impact of ego‐alter dissimilarity on the stability of friendships, confidants, and study and sport relations, while acknowledging multiplexity—recognizing that the same alter may serve different roles. We find that ego‐alter age dissimilarity is associated with tie dissolution; relations are less stable and consistently so across emotional and instrumental network layers. Gender and education dissimilarity do not impact relationship stability among our sample of Dutch students. The better alters are embedded in ego's network, the more stable are their ties. Relational embeddedness (i.e., emotional closeness and role overlap) predominantly affects the stability of confidants and friendship relations; structural embeddedness (i.e., alters having ties to ego's other alters) predominantly affects the stability of study relations. This also explains why relations with differently aged alters are less stable.