bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multi-vessel coronary artery aneurysms in a patient with Parry Romberg syndrome: a case report
Authors: Mehlman Andrew , Patel Jaymin , Bitetzakis Christopher , Berlowitz Michael 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundCoronary artery aneurysms (CAAs) are a very rare finding on coronary angiograms with multiple known aetiologies. Parry Romberg syndrome (PRS) is also a very rare disease, and the underlying aetiology remains unknown. We present a rare case of CAAs in a patient with PRS, and discuss possible implications regarding the primary pathophysiological cause for both of these diseases.Case summaryA 48-year-old woman with a history of PRS presented with atypical and non-exertional chest pain. Initial evaluation demonstrated a rising troponin without associated electrocardiogram changes, and as such she was taken for left heart catheterization. Left heart catheterization demonstrated diffuse aneurysmal and ectatic disease of multiple coronary arteries. Further evaluation with magnetic resonance angiogram and autoantibody panel did not demonstrate other vascular anomalies or rheumatologic disease, respectively. She was treated with dual anti-platelet therapy and statin, and at 1 year follow-up, she had resolution of her symptoms.DiscussionIt has been postulated that the underlying mechanism causing CAA is intravascular inflammation. Parry Romberg syndrome is theorized to be a neurovasculopathy, as evidenced by cases of associated intracranial aneurysms. Intravascular inflammation may play a key pathological role in CAA, and an association between CAA and PRS may exist.
Protecting healing relationships in the age of electronic health records: report from an international conference
Authors: Toll Elizabeth T , Alkureishi Maria A , Lee Wei Wei , Babbott Stewart F , Bain Philip A , Beasley John W , Frankel Richard M , Loveys Alice A , Wald Hedy S , Woods Susan S , Hersh William R 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWe present findings of an international conference of diverse participants exploring the influence of electronic health records (EHRs) on the patient–practitioner relationship. Attendees united around a belief in the primacy of this relationship and the importance of undistracted attention. They explored administrative, regulatory, and financial requirements that have guided United States (US) EHR design and challenged patient-care documentation, usability, user satisfaction, interconnectivity, and data sharing. The United States experience was contrasted with those of other nations, many of which have prioritized patient-care documentation rather than billing requirements and experienced high user satisfaction. Conference participants examined educational methods to teach diverse learners effective patient-centered EHR use, including alternative models of care delivery and documentation, and explored novel ways to involve patients as healthcare partners like health-data uploading, chart co-creation, shared practitioner notes, applications, and telehealth. Future best practices must preserve human relationships, while building an effective patient–practitioner (or team)-EHR triad.
Diagnostic performance and utility of very high-resolution ultrasonography in diagnosing giant cell arteritis of the temporal artery
Authors: Sundholm Johnny K M , Pettersson Tom , Paetau Anders , Albäck Anders , Sarkola Taisto 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Objective
Very-high resolution US (VHRU; 55 MHz) provides improved resolution and could provide non-invasive diagnostic information in GCA of the temporal artery. The objective of this study was to assess the diagnostic utility of VHRU-derived intima thickness (VHRU-IT) in comparison to high-resolution US halo-to-Doppler ratio (HRU-HDR) in patients referred for temporal artery biopsy.

Methods
VHRU and HRU of the temporal artery were performed before a biopsy procedure in 78 prospectively recruited consecutive patients who had received glucocorticoid treatment for a median of 8 days (interquartile range 0–13 days) before imaging. Based on the final diagnosis and biopsy findings, the study population was divided into the following four groups: non GCA (n = 40); clinical GCA with no inflammation on biopsy (n = 15); clinical GCA with inflammation limited to adventitia (n = 9); and clinical GCA with transmural inflammation (TMI; n = 11).

Results
Both VHRU and HRU were useful for identifying subjects with TMI, with VHRU outperforming HRU (area under curve: VHRU-IT 0.99, 95% CI 0.97, 1.00; HRU-HDR 0.74, 95% CI 0.52, 0.96; P=0.026). The diagnostic utility for diagnosing clinical GCA (negative biopsy) or inflammation limited to the adventitia was poor for both VHRU and HRU-HDR. From 5 days after initiation of glucocorticoid treatment, VHRU-IT was increased in eight of nine patients, whereas HRU-HDR was positive in three of seven patients. Both methods showed excellent inter-observer agreement (Cohen’s κ: VHRU-IT 0.873; HRU-HDR 0.811).

Conclusion
In suspected GCA, VHRU allows non-invasive real-time imaging of TMI manifestations of the temporal artery wall. VHRU-derived intimal thickness measurement seems to be more sensitive than the halo sign and HRU-HDR in detecting TMI in patients with prolonged glucocorticoid treatment.
Transforming mobility: The Dutch smart mobility policy as an example of a transformative STI policy
Authors: Salas Gironés Edgar , van Est Rinie , Verbong Geert 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The recent orientation toward societal challenges in Science, Technology, and Innovation (STI) policies has exposed the limitations of contemporary governance to deal with these endeavors. For this reason, it has been urged a shift toward the so-called ‘transformative change’ approach, drawn from socio-technical transitions literature. This research suggests that this approach can be considered an emerging policy paradigm, and studies the implications of its adoption in STI policy. For doing so, we developed a conceptual framework based on policy sciences and STI policy literature, and used to study a policy resembling this societal challenge orientation: the Dutch smart mobility policy. Our case study suggests that the transformative change approach can be considered a new paradigm in STI policy, as novel theories, approaches, and mechanisms are being used to govern this policy. This research contributes to a better understanding of transformative approaches, by empirically looking the changing role of governance in societal challenge-led STI policies.
Intestinal Parasites Infections among HIV Infected Children Under Antiretrovirals Treatment in Yaounde, Cameroon
Authors: Abange William Baiye , Nkenfou Celine Nguefeu , Gonsu Kamga Hortense , Nguedia Clement Assob , Kamgaing Nelly , Lozupone Catherine , Sosso Samuel Martin , Kamgaing Rachel , Fosso Samuel , Essomba Arthur , Ndjolo Alexis , Koki Paul 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundIntestinal parasitic infections are among the most common communicable diseases worldwide, particularly in developing countries. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) causes dysregulation of the immune system through the depletion of CD4+ T lymphocytes which gives rise to opportunistic infections.MethodologyA cross-sectional study was conducted from January to October 2018. Stool and blood samples were collected from participants aged 1 to 19. Stool samples were analyzed for intestinal parasites. Blood samples were analyzed for HIV and CD4 + T cell counts.ResultsOut of 214 children enrolled, 119 (55.6%) were HIV infected and 95 (44.4%) were HIV non-infected. All infected children were on antiretroviral treatment (ART). The prevalence of intestinal parasites was 20.2% in HIV infected and 15.8% in non-infected children. Among the 119 HIV infected children, 33 (27.7%) of them had a CD4+ T cell count less than 500 cells/mm3, and amongst them 5.9% had CD4+ T cell count less than 200 cells/mm3. Among HIV infected children, Cryptosporidium spp. was frequently detected, 7/119 (5.9%), followed by Giardia lamblia 5/119 (4.2%) then Blastocystis hominis 3/119 (2.5%) and Entamoeba coli 3/119 (2.5%). Participants on ART and prophylactic co-trimoxazole for &gt;10 years had little or no parasite infestation.ConclusionsAlthough ART treatment in combination with prophylactic co-trimoxazole reduces the risk of parasitic infection, 20.2% of HIV infected children harbored intestinal parasites including Cryptosporidium spp. Stool analysis may be routinely carried out in order to treat detected cases of opportunistic parasites and such improve more on the life quality of HIV infected children.
Imagining Opportunity: The 1909 Enlarged Homestead Act and the Promise of the Public Domain
Authors: Gregg Sara M 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The turn of the twentieth century brought a significant expansion of the nation-state, as the U.S. Congress passed new homestead laws that experimented with adapting land policy to regional conditions. That focus on creating opportunity on challenging, non-irrigable terrain presents a striking contradiction to the firsthand experiences of the western legislators who argued in support of the bill. Elected representatives from these districts justified larger acreages by candidly acknowledging the geophysical realities of the western landscape—those climatic and topographic conditions that were the most frequently cited challenges to settlers in the West—even as they argued that land law should be made more flexible to support new farms and ranches. Adapting to the limits of the western landscape became a paramount goal of legislators who drafted federal land policy, ultimately contributing to expanding the reach of the expert and interventionist state and signaling a new era in regional development.
The impact of involving young children in improving the understanding of a new eye test
Authors: Casanova Therese , Black Carla , Rafiq Sheima , Hugill Jessica , Read Jenny C A , Vancleef Kathleen 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundAlthough considered important, the involvement of young children in research is rare and its impact has never been measured. We aim to provide a good practice example of involvement of young children in the development of a tablet-based 3D eye test or stereotest, ASTEROID. We focus on improving understanding of test instructions.MethodsAfter a pre-measure of understanding was taken, we explored issues with the test instructions in patient and public involvement (PPI) sessions. Feedback was collected via observations, rating scales and children’s comments. An interdisciplinary panel reviewed the feedback and decided on the implementation. Subsequently, a post-measure was collected. In Study 1, 650 children (2-11.8 years old) took part in the pre-measure, 111 children (1-12 years old) in the PPI sessions, and 52 children (4-6 years old) in the post-measure which also served as a pre-measure for Study 2. PPI sessions for Study 2 attracted 122 children (1-12 years old) and adults. 53 people (2-39 years old) participated in the post-measure of Study 2.ResultsFollowing feedback in Study 1, we added a frame cue and included a shuffle animation. This increased the percentage of correct practice trials from 76% to 97% (t(231)=14.29, p<.001). After adding a cardboard demo in Study 2, the percentage of correct trials remained stable but the number of additional instructions given decreased (t(103)=3.72, p<.001).ConclusionsOur study demonstrates impact of involvement of very young children in research through accessible activities. It can encourage researchers to involve young children and contribute to developing guidelines.
Protocols for fast simulations of protein structure flexibility using CABS-flex and SURPASS
Authors: Badaczewska-Dawid Aleksandra , Kolinski Andrzej , Kmiecik Sebastian 
Published: July 2019

SummaryConformational flexibility of protein structures can play an important role in protein function. The flexibility is often studied using computational methods, since experimental characterization can be difficult. Depending on protein system size; computational tools may require large computational resources or significant simplifications in the modeled systems to speed-up calculations. In this work, we present the protocols for efficient simulations of flexibility of folded protein structures that use coarse-grained simulation tools of different resolutions: medium, represented by CABS-flex, and low, represented by SUPRASS. We test the protocols using a set of 140 globular proteins and compare the results with structure fluctuations observed in MD simulations, ENM modeling and NMR ensembles. As demonstrated, CABS-flex predictions show high correlation to experimental and MD simulation data, while SURPASS is less accurate but promising in terms of future developments.
MNEs and human rights: from responsibilities to rights to governance
Authors: Zagelmeyer Stefan 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
This paper aims to explore the links between multinational enterprises (MNEs) and human rights abuses and review the development of international business (IB) and human rights initiatives. Arguing that the focus of the business and human rights debate has shifted from responsibility to rights, and subsequently to governance, it proposes a framework for analysing IB and human rights governance issues in the context of social value creation.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper develops a framework for analysing business and human rights governance with respect to the business and human rights field and four business and human rights subfields (labour, consumption, community and environment).

Findings
The analytical framework is organised around the relationships between human rights duty-bearers (companies) and human rights-holders (e.g., employees, consumers). It emphasises the role of actors and their interests, the relationships between actors, the objectives of these relationships and the role of governance mechanisms and structures, which, for a particular human rights subfield, define the IB and human rights governance system.

Originality/value
The analytical framework can be used by IB researchers, practitioners and public policymakers to describe, analyse, discuss and address business and human rights issues and challenges. It can be used for comparing and evaluating characteristics and properties of alternative institutional arrangements in the field of business and human rights. Furthermore, it can be used to support the design corporate non-market strategies as well as public policies.
Dissemination in archaeology: a GIS-based StoryMap for Chan Chan
Authors: Malinverni Eva Savina , Pierdicca Roberto , Colosi Francesca , Orazi Roberto 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the importance of exploiting a geographic information system (GIS)-based data management, designed and implemented for an important monumental site. In particular, data collected during the years have been used to create a storytelling experience to disseminate the tangible and intangible heritage of Chan Chan (Peru), the wider site in mud bricks of Latin America.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper discusses the steps that have been performed to use the data stored in a GIS, arguing over the importance of sharing the knowledge through web-based tools, and in particular by the implementation of a storytelling. In this context, the data were structured in interoperable forms in order to preserve the universal value of the archaeological site. The exploitation in an all-in-one solution of the archival research, field surveys and planning represents a step forward for let known ancient testimonies to the whole mankind.

Findings
The GIS-based inventories represent the backbone for an affordable management of heritage resources. The novelty of the proposed approach lies on the creation of an integrated, accessible and updatable data system sharable on web.

Originality/value
The GIS of Chan Chan is an example of documentation of a wide archaeological area (14 km2) with complex and heterogeneous data. The developed web tool makes use of these data which can be queried even by non-expert users. The pipeline of this paper can act as useful guidelines to practitioners and researchers who want to disseminate cultural information.
The freshness of the fell streams: contextualizing the success of Lapin Kulta Beer in the 1960s
Authors: Ikäheimo Janne 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
As Finland became an associate member of the European Free Trade Association in early 1960s, the domestic brewing industry faced a new threat posed by imported beer. It was neutralized effectively with joint and individual efforts of the breweries. This paper aims to analyze the maneuvers taken by Tornion Olut Oy to brand its new product, Lapin Kulta, which ultimately became the most popular beer in Finland. In addition, the contemporary changes in the Finnish society with related social tensions are shown to have contributed to its success significantly.

Design/methodology/approach
Archival research focusing on primary sources complemented with biographies, historical newspaper and magazine articles as well contemporary research papers with an aim to reconstruct and better understand the historical and social context of the events.

Findings
The success of the Lapin Kulta beer in 1960s was not only based on the effective marketing, although a well-thought name, the successful participation in international beer “competitions” enhancing the brand and both improved distribution and logistics certainly contributed to it. Instead the success is shown to have depended also on seemingly odd collection of external factors. However, when put together, the success is shown to have been based on brand's capability to address the social tensions present in Finland during 1960s.

Originality/value
The importance of the context reconstruction in historical marketing research is underlined as developments traditionally attributed solely to product qualities and marketing may equally stem from a multitude of external factors. As a case study, the research represents a fresh take on the subject through a variety of previously neglected sources.
Lactobacillus plantarum L‐137 upregulates hyaluronic acid production in epidermal cells and fibroblasts in mice
Authors: Nakai Hiroko , Hirose Yoshitaka , Murosaki Shinji , Yoshikai Yasunobu 
Published: July 2019

AbstractHeat‐killed Lactobacillus plantarum L‐137 (HK L‐137), an immunobiotic lactic acid bacterium, has been reported to enhance IFN‐γ production through induction of IL‐12. In this study, we investigated the effects of HK L‐137 on skin moisturizing and production of hyaluronic acid (HA), an extracellular matrix associated with the retention of skin moisture. Oral administration of HK L‐137 suppressed the loss of water content in the stratum corneum in hairless mice. Treatment of primary epidermal cells with HK L‐137 increased HA production. Supernatant from immune cells stimulated by HK L‐137, which contained proinflammatory cytokines such as IL‐12, TNF‐α, and IFN‐γ, upregulated HA production and hyaluronan synthase 2 (HAS2) messenger RNA expression by BALB/3T3 fibroblasts via activation of transcription factor nuclear factor κB (NFκB). Although treatment of the supernatant with anti‐TNF‐α antibody (Ab) alone did not inhibit the HA production, combination of anti‐TNF‐α Ab with anti‐IFN‐γ Ab significantly inhibited the HA production. Thus, HK L‐137‐induced IFN‐γ plays a critical role in upregulated HA production in collaboration with TNF‐α. HK L‐137 may be useful for improvement of skin functions such as moisture retention by inducing HA production.
Speech and language therapy best practice for patients in prolonged disorders of consciousness: a modified Delphi study
Authors: Roberts Hannah , Greenwood Nan 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundResearch regarding speech and language therapy (SLT) for patients in prolonged disorders of consciousness (PDOC) is very limited. The Royal College of Physicians’ (RCP) PDOC guideline provides recommendations regarding best practice, but does not give detail about many aspects of assessment and management. As a result, SLTs have little information regarding best practice for this complex patient group.AimsTo ascertain the degree of consensus amongst expert SLTs regarding SLT best practice for patients in PDOC in order to inform the future development of SLT guidelines.Methods & ProceduresA two‐round modified Delphi technique was used. Participants were recruited from major trauma centres and neurorehabilitation units in England and national SLT clinical excellence networks. To participate, SLTs had to be working on neurosciences, neurosurgery or neurorehabilitation wards that treat adult PDOC patients, or have ≥ 3 years’ experience of working with PDOC. The Round 1 questionnaire was developed from the RCP's PDOC guideline and from existing research literature. It included ratings of statements regarding SLT best practice using Likert or temporal scales, with optional written justifications/comments and opportunities for participants to suggest additional statements. The percentage agreement amongst participants was calculated for each Round 1 statement. Written justifications for views were analysed using content analysis. The Round 2 questionnaire contained both quantitative and qualitative feedback from Round 1, allowing participants to reappraise their views. The final degree of consensus was then calculated after completion of both rounds.Outcomes & ResultsA total of 40 SLTs completed Round 1, with 36 completing Round 2 (90% response rate). Consensus was achieved for 87% (67/77) of statements regarding best practice on a variety of topics including communication, tracheostomy, dysphagia and oral hypersensitivity. The statements represented assessment, management and service delivery components of SLT practice.Conclusions & ImplicationsA total of 67 best practice statements were created. The statements provide a useful starting point for the creation of SLT guidelines to support best practice, and also have the potential to be used to advocate for the provision of SLT services for patients in PDOC. Future studies should focus on whether the expert opinion generated here can be borne out in experimental research.
Probing the geological source and biological fate of hydrogen in Yellowstone hot springs
Authors: Lindsay Melody R. , Colman Daniel R. , Amenabar Maximiliano J. , Fristad Kirsten E. , Fecteau Kristopher M. , Debes Randall V. , Spear John R. , Shock Everett L. , Hoehler Tori M. , Boyd Eric S. 
Published: July 2019

SummaryHydrogen (H2) is enriched in hot springs and can support microbial primary production. Using a series of geochemical proxies, a model to describe variable H2 concentrations in Yellowstone National Park (YNP) hot springs is presented. Interaction between water and crustal iron minerals yields H2 that partition into the vapour phase during decompressional boiling of ascending hydrothermal fluids. Variable vapour input leads to differences in H2 concentration among springs. Analysis of 50 metagenomes from a variety of YNP springs reveals that genes encoding oxidative hydrogenases are enriched in communities inhabiting springs sourced with vapour‐phase gas. Three springs in the Smokejumper (SJ) area of YNP that are sourced with vapour‐phase gas and with the most H2 in YNP were examined to determine the fate of H2. SJ3 had the most H2, the most 16S rRNA gene templates and the greatest abundance of culturable hydrogenotrophic and autotrophic cells of the three springs. Metagenomics and transcriptomics of SJ3 reveal a diverse community comprised of abundant populations expressing genes involved in H2 oxidation and carbon dioxide fixation. These observations suggest a link between geologic processes that generate and source H2 to hot springs and the distribution of organisms that use H2 to generate energy.