bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MRI based neuroanatomical segmentation in breast cancer patients: leptomeningeal carcinomatosis vs. oligometastatic brain disease vs. multimetastastic brain disease
Authors: Mayinger Michael , Reibelt Antonia , Borm Kai Joachim , Ettl Johannes , Wilkens Jan J. , Combs Stephanie Elisabeth , Oechsner Markus , Duma Marciana Nona 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Purpose
Pathogenesis of brain metastases/meningeal cancer and the emotional and neurological outcomes are not yet well understood. The hypothesis of our study is that patients with leptomeningeal cancer show volumetric differences in brain substructures compared to patients with cerebral metastases.

Methods
Three groups consisting of female breast cancer patients prior to brain radiotherapy were compared. Leptomeningeal cancer patients (LMC Group), oligometastatic patients (1–3 brain metastases) prior to radiosurgery (OMRS Group) and patients prior to whole brain radiation (WB Group) were included. All patients had MRI imaging before treatment. T1 MRI sequences were segmented using automatic segmentation. For each patient, 14 bilateral and 11 central/median subcortical structures were tested. Overall 1127 structures were analyzed and compared between groups using age matched two-sided t-tests.

Results
The average age of patients in the OMRS group was 60.8 years (± 14.7), 65.3 (± 10.3) in the LMC group and 62.6 (± 10.2) in the WB group. LMC patients showed a significantly larger fourth ventricle compared to OMRS (p = 0.001) and WB (p = 0.003). The central corpus callosum appeared smaller in the LMC group (LMC vs OMRS p = 0.01; LMC vs WB p = 0.026). The right amygdala in the WB group appeared larger compared with the OMRS (p = 0.035).

Conclusions
Differences in the size of brain substructures of the three groups were found. The results appear promising and should be taken into account for further prospective studies also involving healthy controls. The volumetrically determined size of the fourth ventricle might be a helpful diagnostic marker in the future.
The coronary reimplantation after neoaortic reconstruction technique can make a difference in arterial switch operation
Authors: Choi Kwang Ho , Sung Si Chan , Kim Hyungtae , Lee Hyoung Doo , Ko Hoon , Byun Joung-Hee 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background
The aim of this study was to determine if there was a difference between coronary reimplantation after neoaortic reconstruction and open coronary reimplantation technique in arterial switch operation (ASO).

Methods
A total of 236 patients who underwent ASO from March 1994 to August 2018 were enrolled in this study. Multivariate analysis was performed for postoperative early mortality. Patients were divided into the open coronary reimplantation and coronary reimplantation after neoaortic reconstruction groups. The 30-day mortality, intraoperative and postoperative coronary artery (CA) revisions, CA–related late morbidity and mortality, and early and late neoaortic valve regurgitations after ASO were compared between the two groups.

Results
Overall postoperative early mortality was 7.2% (17/236). Patients who underwent open coronary reimplantation had higher early mortality as compared with those who underwent coronary reimplantation after neoaortic reconstruction. Risk factors for postoperative early mortality from multivariate analysis were cardiopulmonary bypass time and open coronary reimplantation. There was a higher incidence of CA–related late mortality or morbidity in the open coronary reimplantation group. The open coronary reimplantation group had a higher incidence of intraoperative or postoperative CA revision. There were no differences in the incidence of mild or more neoaortic valve regurgitation at discharge or in the 5-year freedom from mild or more neoaortic valve regurgitation.

Conclusions
CA reimplantation after neoaortic reconstruction yields better results in mortality and intraoperative or postoperative CA–related problems in ASO without increasing postoperative neoaortic valve regurgitation.
Diagnosis and phenotypic assessment of trimethylaminuria, and its treatment with riboflavin: 1H NMR spectroscopy and genetic testing
Authors: Bouchemal Nadia , Ouss Lisa , Brassier Anaïs , Barbier Valérie , Gobin Stéphanie , Hubert Laurence , de Lonlay Pascale , Le Moyec Laurence 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background
Trimethylaminuria (TMAU) is a metabolic disorder characterized by the excessive excretion of the malodorous compound trimethylamine (TMA). The diagnosis of TMAU is challenging because this disorder is situated at the boundary between biochemistry and psychiatry. Here, we used nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to assess TMAU in 13 patients. We also sequenced the FMO3 gene in 11 of these patients. Treatment with vitamin B2 was prescribed.

Results
Two patients (aged 3 and 9 years at the initial consultation) had a particularly unpleasant body odor, as assessed by their parents and the attending physicians. The presence of high urine TMA levels confirmed the presence of a metabolic disorder. The two (unrelated) children carried compound heterozygous variants in the FMO3 gene. In both cases, vitamin B2 administration decreased TMA excretion and reduced body odor. The 11 adults complained of an unpleasant body odor, but the physicians did not confirm this. In all adult patients, the urine TMA level was within the normal range reported for control (non-affected) subjects, although two of the patients displayed an abnormally high proportion of oxidized TMA. Seven of the 9 tested adult patients had a hypomorphic variant of the FMO3 gene; the variant was found in the homozygous state, in the heterozygous state or combined with another hypomorphic variant. All 11 adults presented a particular psychological or psychiatric phenotype, with a subjective perception of unpleasant odor.

Conclusions
The results present the clinical and biochemical data of patients complaining of unpleasant body odor. Contrary to adult patients, the two children exhibited all criteria of recessively inherited trimethylaminuria, suspected by parents in infancy. B2 vitamin treatment dramatically improved the unpleasant body odor and the ratio of TMA/Cr vs TMAO/Cr in the urine in the children. Other patients presented a particular psychological or psychiatric phenotype.
Circular RNA expression profile in the spinal cord of morphine tolerated rats and screen of putative key circRNAs
Authors: Weng Yingqi , Wu Jing , Li Lin , Shao Jiali , Li Zhengyiqi , Deng Meiling , Zou Wangyuan 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Morphine tolerance developed after repeated or continuous morphine treatment is a global health concern hindering the control of chronic pain. In our previous research, we have reported that the expression of lncRNAs and microRNAs have been greatly modified in the spinal cord of morphine tolerated rats, and the modulating role of miR-873a-5p, miR-219-5p and miR-365 have already been confirmed. However, whether circular RNAs, another essential kind of non-coding RNA, are involved in the pathogenesis of morphine tolerance is still beyond our knowledge. In this study, we conducted microarray analysis for circRNA profile and found a large number of circRNAs changed greatly in the spinal cord by morphine treatment. Among them, we selected nine circRNAs for validation, and seven circRNAs are confirmed. Gene Ontology/Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (GO/KEGG) analysis were used for functional annotation. Besides, we confirmed the modified expression of seven circRNAs after validation by real-time PCR, selected 3 most prominently modulated ones among them and predicted their downstream miRNA-mRNA network and analyzed their putative function via circRNA-miRNA-mRNA pathway. Finally, we enrolled the differentially expressed mRNAs derived from the identical spinal cord, these validated circRNAs and their putative miRNA targets for ceRNA analysis and screened a promising circRNA-miRNA-mRNA pathway in the development of morphine tolerance. This study, for the first time, provided valuable information on circRNA profile and gave clues for further study on the circRNA mechanism of morphine tolerance.
Long non-coding RNA HOTTIP enhances IL-6 expression to potentiate immune escape of ovarian cancer cells by upregulating the expression of PD-L1 in neutrophils
Authors: Shang Anquan , Wang Weiwei , Gu Chenzheng , Chen Chen , Zeng Bingjie , Yang Yibao , Ji Ping , Sun Junjun , Wu Junlu , Lu Wenying , Sun Zujun , Li Dong 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background
Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) HOXA transcript at the distal tip (HOTTIP), has been demonstrated to be a vital biomarker when evaluating the prognosis of multiple cancers. Nevertheless, the potential function of HOTTIP in ovarian cancer (OC), a prevalent cancer among women worldwide, remains elusive. Hence, the current study aimed to elucidate the functional relevance of HOTTIP in the development of OC.

Methods
Positive expression of PD-L1 and IL-6 was determined using immunohistochemical staining in the collected OC and normal tissues. The correlation of IL-6 and PD-L1 was analyzed using flow cytometry, Western blot analysis as well as Pearson’s correlation coefficient. The interaction among HOTTIP, c-jun and IL-6 was investigated with the use of RIP, ChIP and dual luciferase reporter gene assays. Finally, the effects of HOTTIP on T cell proliferation and infiltration were identified through gain- and loss-of-function studies in vitro and in vivo.

Results
HOTTIP, IL-6 and PD-L1 were all highly expressed in OC tissues. A positive correlation was observed between IL-6 and PD-L1 and that between HOTTIP and IL-6 in OC tissues. HOTTIP was noted to promote the expression of IL-6 by binding to c-jun, which resulted in a promoted PD-L1 expression in neutrophils and immune escape while inhibiting T cell proliferation as well as tumor immunotherapy.

Conclusion
Taken together, our study unveiled that HOTTIP could promote the secretion of IL-6, and consequently up-regulate the expression of PD-L1 in neutrophils, thus inhibiting the activity of T cells and ultimately accelerating immune escape of OC cells. Our study provides a potential therapeutic strategy by targeting HOTTIP in OC.
Preoperative albumin-to-fibrinogen ratio predicts chemotherapy resistance and prognosis in patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer
Authors: Yu Wen , Ye Zhongxue , Fang Xi , Jiang Xingzhi , Jiang Yafen 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the majority ovarian cancer (OC) type with a poor prognosis. This present study aimed to investigate potential prognostic factors including albumin-to-fibrinogen ratio (AFR) for advanced EOC patients with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) followed by debulking surgery.

Methods
A total of 313 advanced EOC patients with NAC followed by debulking surgery from 2010 to 2017 were enrolled. The predictive value of AFR for the overall survival (OS) was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. The univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were applied to investigate prognostic factors for advanced EOC patients. The association between preoperative AFR and progression free survival (PFS) or OS was determined via the Kaplan–Meier method using log-rank test.

Results
The ROC curve analysis showed that the cutoff value of preoperative AFR in predicting OS was determined to be 7.78 with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.773 (P < 0.001). Chemotherapy resistance, preoperative CA125 and AFR were independent risk factors for PFS in advanced EOC patients. Furthermore, chemotherapy resistance, residual tumor and AFR were significant risk factors for OS by multivariate Cox analysis. A low preoperative AFR (≤7.78) was significantly associated with a worse PFS and OS via the Kaplan–Meier method by log-rank test (P < 0.001).

Conclusions
A low preoperative AFR was an independent risk factor for PFS and OS in advanced EOC patients with NAC followed by debulking surgery.
The effect of Baduanjin exercise on health-related physical fitness of college students: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Zhao Fang , Sun Shanshan , Xiong Jian , Zheng Guohua 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background
Low health-related physical fitness in college students is a risk factor for future development of cardiovascular diseases at later stages in life, but appropriate exercise is one of the main determinant factors of health-related physical fitness. Previous studies have showed that Baduanjin exercise is beneficial in improving sleep quality, mental health, body flexibility, and body physique. However, the evidence is unclear whether Baduanjin exercise can be recommended as an effective exercise to promote health-related physical fitness of college students.

Methods/design
One hundred twenty college students will be recruited and randomly allocated to either the Baduanjin exercise or the control group at a ratio of 1:1. The students in the Baduanjin exercise group will receive a 12-week supervised Baduanjin exercise training intervention with a frequency of 1 h each day and 4 days per week, while those in the control group will not receive any specific exercise intervention and will be informed to maintain their original lifestyle for 12 weeks. The primary outcome of health-related physical fitness involving measurements of body flexibility, muscular strength, cardiopulmonary fitness, and body endurance will be measured at baseline and after the 12-week intervention period. Mixed linear models will be used to analyze the effect of the Baduanjin exercise intervention on the health-related physical fitness of college students.

Discussion
This is the first trial to evaluate the effects of Baduanjin exercise on health-related physical fitness in college students. If the results are as expected, they will provide evidence of Baduanjin exercise in promoting health-related physical fitness in young adults.

Trial registration
Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR-IOR-17013011. Registered on 17 November 2017.
Comparison of four pharmacological strategies aimed to prevent the lung inflammation and paraquat-induced alveolar damage
Authors: Buendía Jefferson Antonio , Justinico Castro José Armando , Vela Laura Joanna Tapia , Sinisterra Denis , Sánchez Villamil Juana Patricia , Zuluaga Salazar Andrés Felipe 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Objective
The aim of this study was to compare in vivo effect of five pharmacological options on inflammation and pulmonary fibrosis induced by paraquat.

Methods
54 Wistar SPF rats were used. After 2 h post-intoxication with paraquat ion, groups of 9 animals were randomly assigned to (1) cyclophosphamide plus dexamethasone (2) low molecular weight heparin (3) unfractionated heparin (4) vitamin C every 24 h, (5) atorvastatin or (6) placebo with intraperitoneal saline. Lung inflammation, alveolar injury, hepatocyte damage, hepatic regeneration, acute tubular necrosis and kidney congestion were evaluated.

Results
In the control group 100% of animals presented moderate and severe lung inflammation, while in the groups with atorvastatin and intratracheal heparin this proportion was lower (55.5%; CI 26.6–81.3%) (p = 0.025). A lower degree of moderate or severe hepatic regeneration was evident in the treatment groups with atorvastatin (p = 0.009). In this study was demonstrated that statins and heparin might have a protective effect in the paraquat-induced destructive phase. More evidence is needed to evaluated of dose–response effects of these drugs before to study in clinical trials.
Prescription drug use and potential teratogenicity risk among pregnant women attending maternal and child health clinic of Kemisse General Hospital, Northeast, Ethiopia
Authors: Alemu Belete Kassa , Wolle Nesredin Nigatu 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Objective
To investigate medications prescribed for pregnant women and their potential teratogenicity risk in Kemisse General Hospital.

Result
A total of 263 medical records of pregnant women were reviewed, of which 234 pregnant women were prescribed with a total of 430 prescription drugs. The average numbers of drugs per pregnant women was found to be 1.84. Most pregnant women 166 (63.2%) were in the third trimester and more than half of them (51.3%) were multigravida. The maximum number of drugs were prescribed in the second trimester 162 (37.67%) followed by third trimester 143 (33.26%). Supplemental drugs were the most widely used medications 297 (69.07%) and followed by 82 (19.1%) drugs from category B; 54 (12.6%) drugs from category C; and the rest 7 (1.6%) drugs from category D. There was no any drug from category X. Moreover, approximately one third of the pregnant women encountered with drugs from category B, C and D. However, there were no FDA category C and D drugs prescribed in first trimester.
Preference of Traditional Bone Setting and associated factors among trauma patients with fracture at Black Lion Hospital in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: institution based cross sectional study
Authors: Worku Nardos , Tewelde Tsegaye , Abdissa Biru , Merga Hailu 
Published: September 2019

AbstractObjectiveDespite the access and availability of modern health care, Traditional Bone Setting (TBS) has a big place as alternative health care. Hence, this study was aimed to assess the preference of Traditional Bone Setting and associated factors among patients with a fracture.ResultsA total of 224 patients known to have fractured at Black Lion Hospital, Addis Ababa was included in the study. This study revealed that 29.9% of the study participants had a preference for the Traditional Bone Setting. Hospital admission (AOR = 8.158, 95% CI 1.179, 56.439), Traditional Bone Setting center as first port of call after injury (AOR = 0.004, 95% CI 0.001, 0.090), knowledge (AOR = 9.448, 95% CI 1.481, 60.251) and perception (AOR = 0.026, 95% CI 0.003, 0.215) were statistically significant. The preference for the Traditional Bone Setting is high. Hospital admission, Traditional Bone Setting center as a first port of call after injury, knowledge, and perception were significantly associated with the preference of Traditional Bone Setting. In addition to deployment of trained in trauma professionals, working more on awareness creation and training are recommended.
Serum IL-1β can be a biomarker in children with severe persistent allergic rhinitis
Authors: Han Myung Woul , Kim Song Hee , Oh Inbo , Kim Yang Ho , Lee Jiho 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundAllergic rhinitis (AR) is one of the most common diseases globally and usually persists throughout life. In the present study, we aimed to determine whether the expression of inflammatory biomarkers has a relationship with the severity of allergic rhinitis and with comorbid asthma or other allergic diseases in children.MethodsFor diagnosis of AR, the skin prick test was performed to measure the responses to 18 allergens. Blood levels of eosinophils and immunoglobulin E (IgE) were examined. We classified the patients into 2 groups based on the severity of the condition as Group 1 [intermittent AR (IAR) or mild persistent AR (PAR)] and Group 2 (moderate to severe PAR). To determine the expression of inflammatory biomarkers, in serum and several biomarkers (caspase-1, IL-1β, CCL-11, CCL-24 and IL-33) were measured in the serum using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Additionally, we analyzed the correlation between clinical variables and the expression of biomarkers (eosinophils count, IL-1β and CCL-24) and the severity of AR.ResultsWe found that eosinophils count, IL-1β, a marker of activation of inflammasomes, and CCL-24 were significantly increased in the moderate to severe PAR group (p = 0.008,p = 0.003,p = 0.039). Additionally, the expressions of eosinophil count, IL-1β and CCL-24 were significantly higher in patients with active asthmatic symptoms than in those without these conditions. On univariate analysis, allergic rhinitis in sibling, paternal allergic rhinitis, high expression of eosinophils count, IL-1β and CCL-24, history of active asthma and atopy correlated with severity of AR. Multivariate analysis showed only paternal allergic rhinitis and high expression of IL-1β as significant risk factors of moderate to severe PAR with 6.4 fold and 4.7 fold-increase in risk, respectively (p = 0.011 andp = 0.030).ConclusionIn conclusion, this study provides the first evidence that an excessive release of biologically active IL-1β may promote inflammation in severe PAR. It demonstrates that IL-1β can be a biomarker for active allergic diseases such as AR, asthma, and atopy. Moreover, this finding suggests that IL-1B should be investigated as a therapeutic target in severe PAR and other allergic diseases.
Traumatic bone cyst of mandible: a case series
Authors: Razmara Farnoosh , Ghoncheh Zahra , Shabankare Ghazal 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background
A traumatic bone cyst is an uncommon nonneoplastic lesion of the jaws that is considered as a “pseudocyst” because of the lack of an epithelial lining. This lesion is particularly asymptomatic and therefore is diagnosed by routine dental radiographic examination as a unilocular radiolucency with scalloped borders, mainly in the posterior mandibular region. The exact etiopathogenesis of the lesion remains uncertain, though it is often associated with trauma.

Case presentation
We report three Persian cases of traumatic bone cyst with different clinical and radiographic features, and we present a review of the literature to further discuss diagnostic and treatment challenges. Only one of the three patients reported a history of trauma, and despite the usual signs and symptoms of the lesion, extension of the defect to the ramus, swelling of the lingual cortex, and their unusual presence in the anterior mandible were noted in these patients.

Conclusions
Because features of this cyst can be varied, careful history taking and radiographic evaluation alongside the clinical signs and symptoms have a very significant role in definitive diagnosis, appropriate treatment, and accurate assessment of prognosis.
Voxel-based identification of local recurrence sub-regions from pre-treatment PET/CT for locally advanced head and neck cancers
Authors: Beaumont J. , Acosta O. , Devillers A. , Palard-Novello X. , Chajon E. , de Crevoisier R. , Castelli J. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundOverall, 40% of patients with a locally advanced head and neck cancer (LAHNC) treated by chemoradiotherapy (CRT) present local recurrence within 2 years after the treatment. The aims of this study were to characterize voxel-wise the sub-regions where tumor recurrence appear and to predict their location from pre-treatment18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) images.Materials and methodsTwenty-six patients with local failure after treatment were included in this study. Local recurrence volume was identified by co-registering pre-treatment and recurrent PET/CT images using a customized rigid registration algorithm. A large set of voxel-wise features were extracted from pre-treatment PET to train a random forest model allowing to predict local recurrence at the voxel level.ResultsOut of 26 expert-assessed registrations, 15 provided enough accuracy to identify recurrence volumes and were included for further analysis. Recurrence volume represented on average 23% of the initial tumor volume. The MTV with a threshold of 50% of SUVmax plus a 3D margin of 10 mm covered on average 89.8% of the recurrence and 96.9% of the initial tumor. SUV and MTV alone were not sufficient to identify the area of recurrence. Using a random forest model, 15 parameters, combining radiomics and spatial location, were identified, allowing to predict the recurrence sub-regions with a median area under the receiver operating curve of 0.71 (range 0.14–0.91).ConclusionAs opposed to regional comparisons which do not bring enough evidence for accurate prediction of recurrence volume, a voxel-wise analysis of FDG-uptake features suggested a potential to predict recurrence with enough accuracy to consider tailoring CRT by dose escalation within likely radioresistant regions.