bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical significance of presenting syndromes on outcome after coronary artery bypass grafting
Authors: Bin Mahmood Syed Usman , Mori Makoto , Yousef Sameh , Mullan Clancy W , Mangi Abeel A , Geirsson Arnar 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Evidence of an association between postoperative survival and the presenting syndrome following coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is limited. Our goal was to evaluate whether the presenting symptoms of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) or stable ischaemic heart disease were associated with mid-term survival in patients undergoing CABG.

METHODS
We performed a single-centre retrospective study involving consecutive CABG operations from 2011 to 2016. Post-discharge survival was ascertained via patient-level data linkage with the State of Connecticut vital statistics. Baseline and postoperative variables were compared between the two groups. The multivariate Cox proportional hazard model, adjusted for demographics and comorbidity, was used to show whether the presenting syndrome category was independently associated with mid-term survival.

RESULTS
A total of 1631 patients were included: 794 with stable ischaemic heart disease and 837 with ACS. Patients with ACS who underwent CABG showed more comorbidities. The overall 30-day mortality rate was 1.8% (ACS 2.3% vs stable ischaemic heart disease 1.3%; P = 0.12). In-hospital, postoperative outcomes revealed higher rates of prolonged ventilation (11.7% vs 4.8%; P &lt; 0.001), pneumonia (6.6% vs 3.9%; P = 0.016) and stay in the intensive care unit (3.7 ± 4.0 vs 3.2 ± 2.7 days; P = 0.014) in patients with ACS. The overall mean duration of the long-term follow-up period was 27.9 ± 16.5 months, during which 117 deaths occurred. The multivariable Cox proportional hazard model adjusted for demographics and comorbidity showed that ACS was not a predictor of mid-term mortality [hazard ratio (HR) 1.26, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.84–1.90; P = 0.26]. Other significant predictors were cardiogenic shock (HR 2.12, 95% CI 1.04–4.33; P = 0.039) and history of congestive heart failure (HR 1.78, 95% CI 1.18–2.69; P = 0.0062).

CONCLUSIONS
The presenting syndrome was not an independent predictor of the mid-term mortality rate. The results indicate that the classification of the presenting syndrome may be fluid and that clinical decision-making for postoperative care of patients who have CABG directed by category of presenting syndrome needs careful consideration. These data should be interpreted in the context of the limitations of this study.
A Cluster of Colistin- and Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Carrying blaNDM-1 and mcr-8.2
Authors: Ma Ke , Feng Yu , Liu Lu , Yao Zhihong , Zong Zhiyong 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
Klebsiella pneumoniae resistant to both carbapenems and colistin imposes severe challenges for management. In this study, we report a cluster of 5 carbapenem-resistant K pneumoniae clinical strains belonging to ST1 and K57 types, 4 of which were also resistant to colistin, from 2 hospitals.

Methods
The 5 strains were subjected to whole-genome sequencing (WGS) using the short-read Illumina HiSeq platform, and 2 strains were also selected for long-read WGS using MinION. Clonal relatedness of the 5 strains was determined based on single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Conjugation experiments were performed to obtain self-transmissible plasmids.

Results
All 5 strains carried the carbapenemase-encoding gene blaNDM-1, whereas the 4 colistin-resistant strains also harbored a new variant of the mcr-8 colistin resistance gene, namely, mcr-8.2. MCR-8.2 differs from MCR-8.1 by four amino acid substitutions (A51V, A232S, N365Y, and N480K). mcr-8.2 was located on a large, hybrid, nonself-transmissible plasmid containing IncQ, IncR, and IncFII replicons, whereas blaNDM-1 was carried by self-transmissible IncX3 plasmids. Phylogenetic analysis based on SNPs revealed that the 5 strains were likely to have a common origin.

Conclusions
Both the intra- and interhospital transfer of strains carrying mcr-8 and blaNDM-1 were identified, which represents an emerging threat for clinical management and infection control.
The role of organizational and professional cultures in medication safety: a scoping review of the literature
Authors: Machen Samantha , Jani Yogini , Turner Simon , Marshall Martin , Fulop Naomi J 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTPurposeThis scoping review explores what is known about the role of organizational and professional cultures in medication safety. The aim is to increase our understanding of ‘cultures’ within medication safety and provide an evidence base to shape governance arrangements.Data sourcesDatabases searched are ASSIA, CINAHL, EMBASE, HMIC, IPA, MEDLINE, PsycINFO and SCOPUS.Study selectionInclusion criteria were original research and grey literature articles written in English and reporting the role of culture in medication safety on either organizational or professional levels, with a focus on nursing, medical and pharmacy professions. Articles were excluded if they did not conceptualize what was meant by ‘culture’ or its impact was not discussed.Data extractionData were extracted for the following characteristics: author(s), title, location, methods, medication safety focus, professional group and role of culture in medication safety.Results of data synthesisA total of 1272 citations were reviewed, of which, 42 full-text articles were included in the synthesis. Four key themes were identified which influenced medication safety: professional identity, fear of litigation and punishment, hierarchy and pressure to conform to established culture. At times, the term ‘culture’ was used in a non-specific and arbitrary way, for example, as a metaphor for improving medication safety, but with little focus on what this meant in practice.ConclusionsOrganizational and professional cultures influence aspects of medication safety. Understanding the role these cultures play can help shape both local governance arrangements and the development of interventions which take into account the impact of these aspects of culture.
A unique mechanism for thiolation of serum albumins by disulphide molecules
Authors: Nakashima Fumie , Shibata Takahiro , Uchida Koji 
Published: October 2019

AbstractProtein S-thiolation is a reversible oxidative modification that serves as an oxidative regulatory mechanism for certain enzymes and binding proteins with reactive cysteine residues. It is generally believed that the thiolation occurs at free sulphydryl group of cysteine residues. Meanwhile, despite the fact that disulphide linkages, serving structural and energetic roles in proteins, are stable and inert to oxidative modification, a recent study shows that the thiolation could also occur at protein disulphide linkages when human serum albumin (HSA) was treated with disulphide molecules, such as cystine and homocystine. A chain reaction mechanism has been proposed for the thiolation at disulphide linkages, in which free cysteine (Cys34) is involved in the reaction with disulphide molecules to form free thiols (cysteine or homocysteine) that further react with protein disulphide linkages to form the thiolated cysteine residues in the protein. This review focuses on the recent finding of this unique chain reaction mechanism of protein thiolation.
Leiomyosarcoma of the superior mesenteric artery: a case report
Authors: Striano Augusto , Esposito Francesco , Crafa Francesco 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Arterial leiomyosarcoma (A-LMS) is a very rare tumour and no cases originating from the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) have been described. We present a case of A-LMS originating from distal part of SMA and incorporating superior mesenteric vein (SMV). SMA and SMV were prepared along their course by laparotomy. Prior to resection, the superior mesenteric vessels were clamped, and intra-operative infrared angiography after intravenous injection of indocyanine green was performed. Once confirmed the vitality of the bowel, mass resection including the distal portion of the SMA and SMV was executed. The postoperative course was uneventful. Histology confirmed initial diagnosis. Six months after surgery no recurrence was highlighted. This is the first case of A-LMS originating from SMA, successfully treated without any intestinal resection or vascular reconstruction. The use of near-infrared angiography associated with a preoperative angiographic workup is indispensable for the success of the surgery.
Signatures of an eccentric disc cavity: Dust and gas in IRS 48
Authors: Calcino Josh , Price Daniel J , Pinte Christophe , van der Marel Nienke , Ragusa Enrico , Dipierro Giovanni , Cuello Nicolás , Christiaens Valentin 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT
We test the hypothesis that the disc cavity in the ‘transition disc’ Oph IRS 48 is carved by an unseen binary companion. We use 3D dust–gas smoothed-particle hydrodynamics simulations to demonstrate that marginally coupled dust grains concentrate in the gas overdensity that forms in the cavity around a low binary mass ratio binary. This produces high contrast ratio dust asymmetries at the cavity edge similar to those observed in the disc around IRS 48 and other transition discs. This structure was previously assumed to be a vortex. However, we show that the observed velocity map of IRS 48 displays a peculiar asymmetry that is not predicted by the vortex hypothesis. We show the unusual kinematics are naturally explained by the non-Keplerian flow of gas in an eccentric circumbinary cavity. We further show that perturbations observed in the isovelocity curves of IRS 48 may be explained as the product of the dynamical interaction between the companion and the disc. The presence of an ∼0.4 M⊙ companion at an ∼10 au separation can qualitatively explain these observations. High spatial resolution line and continuum imaging should be able to confirm this hypothesis.
Leavers and remainers: galaxies split by group-exit
Authors: Choque-Challapa Nelvy , Smith Rory , Candlish Graeme , Peletier Reynier , Shin Jihye 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT
The disruption of substructure in galaxy clusters likely plays an important role in shaping the cluster population given that a significant fraction of cluster galaxies today have spent time in a previous host system, and thus may have been pre-processed. Once inside the cluster, group galaxies face the combined environmental effects from group and cluster – so-called post-processing. We investigate these concepts by tracking the evolution of satellites and their hosts after entering the cluster and find that tidal forces during their first pericentric passage are very efficient at breaking up groups, preferentially removing satellites at larger distances from their hosts. 92.2 per cent of satellites whose host has passed pericentre will leave their host by z = 0, typically no later than half a Gyr after pericentric passage. We find satellites leave with high velocities, and quickly separate to large distances from their hosts, making their identification within the cluster population challenging. Those few satellites ($\sim 7.8{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$) that remain bound to their hosts after a pericentric passage are typically found close to their host centres. This implies that substructure seen in clusters today is very likely on first infall into the cluster, and yet to pass pericentre. This is even more likely if the substructure is extended, with satellites beyond R200 of their host. We find the cluster dominates the tidal mass-loss and destruction of satellites, and is responsible for rapidly halting the accretion of new satellites on to hosts once they reach 0.6–0.8R200 radii from the cluster.
Narrow-band Hα imaging of nearby Wolf–Rayet galaxies
Authors: Paswan A , Saha Kanak , Omar A 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT
We present narrow-band Hα imaging of nearby Wolf–Rayet (WR) galaxies known as a subset of starburst galaxies. The Hα images have been used to show morphology of star-forming regions in galaxies, which leads to speculate that the studied galaxies have most likely experienced merger or interaction with low luminous dwarf galaxies or H i clouds. We further derive the Hα-based star formation rates (SFRs) in galaxies using our Hα observations. These SFRs are well correlated with SFRs derived using other indicators at far-ultraviolet, far-infrared, and 1.4-GHz radio wavebands. It is noticed that the infrared excess (IRX) method gives the best SFR estimates, consistent with different models predication. These models also predict that the sample galaxies have probably gone through a continuous star formation at least for 1 Gyr over which the recent (&lt;10 Myr) star formation has taken place in WR phase. This study presents main-sequence (MS) relation for nearby WR galaxies for the first time. This derived MS relation is found to be similar to previously known MS relation for normal nearby star-forming galaxies, suggesting that WR systems evolve in a similar fashion as normal star-forming galaxies evolve.
TBC1D20 deficiency induces Sertoli cell apoptosis by triggering irreversible endoplasmic reticulum stress in mice
Authors: Chang Wen-Lin , Cui Lina , Gu Yanli , Li Minghua , Ma Qian , Zhang Zeng , Ye Jing , Zhang Fangting , Yu Jing , Gui Yaoting 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Male ‘blind sterile’ mice with the causative TBC1 domain family member 20 (TBC1D20) deficiency are infertile with excessive germ cell apoptosis and spermatogenesis arrest at the spermatid stage. Sertoli cells are characterised as ‘nurse cells’ essential for normal spermatogenesis, but the role and corresponding molecular mechanisms of TBC1D20 deficiency in Sertoli cells of mice are not clear to date. In the present study, the histopathology of the testis and Sertoli cell proliferation and apoptosis were determined, and the corresponding molecular mechanisms were investigated by western blotting. Our data showed that TBC1D20 exhibits a testis-abundant expression pattern, and its expression level is positively associated with spermatogenesis. TBC1D20 is assembled in the Golgi and endoplasmic reticulum and is widely expressed by various germ cell subtypes and Sertoli cells. TBC1D20 deficiency in Sertoli cells led to an excessive apoptosis ratio and G1/S arrest. The increased apoptosis of TBC1D20-deficient Sertoli cells resulted from caspase-12 activation. TBC1D20-deficient Sertoli cells had an abnormal Golgi-endoplasmic reticulum structure, which led to endoplasmic reticulum stress, resulting in cell cycle arrest and excessive apoptosis. It suggested that TBC1D20 deficiency triggers irreversible endoplasmic reticulum stress resulting in G1/S arrest and excessive apoptosis in TBC1D20-deficient Sertoli cells, and TBC1D20 deficiency in Sertoli cells may also contribute to the infertility phenotype in ‘blind sterile’ male mice.
EuRBPDB: a comprehensive resource for annotation, functional and oncological investigation of eukaryotic RNA binding proteins (RBPs)
Authors: Liao Jian-You , Yang Bing , Zhang Yu-Chan , Wang Xiao-Juan , Ye Yushan , Peng Jing-Wen , Yang Zhi-Zhi , He Jie-Hua , Zhang Yin , Hu KaiShun , Lin De-Chen , Yin Dong 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
RNA binding proteins (RBPs) are a large protein family that plays important roles at almost all levels of gene regulation through interacting with RNAs, and contributes to numerous biological processes. However, the complete list of eukaryotic RBPs including human is still unavailable. Here, we systematically identified RBPs in 162 eukaryotic species based on both computational analysis of RNA binding domains (RBDs) and large-scale RNA binding proteomic data, and established a comprehensive eukaryotic RBP database, EuRBPDB (http://EuRBPDB.syshospital.org). We identified a total of 311 571 RBPs with RBDs (corresponding to 6368 ortholog groups) and 3,651 non-canonical RBPs without known RBDs. EuRBPDB provides detailed annotations for each RBP, including basic information and functional annotation. Moreover, we systematically investigated RBPs in the context of cancer biology based on published literatures, PPI-network and large-scale omics data. To facilitate the exploration of the clinical relevance of RBPs, we additionally designed a cancer web interface to systematically and interactively display the biological features of RBPs in various types of cancers. EuRBPDB has a user-friendly web interface with browse and search functions, as well as data downloading function. We expect that EuRBPDB will be a widely-used resource and platform for both the communities of RNA biology and cancer biology.
ZAR1 and ZAR2 are required for oocyte meiotic maturation by regulating the maternal transcriptome and mRNA translational activation
Authors: Rong Yan , Ji Shu-Yan , Zhu Ye-Zhang , Wu Yun-Wen , Shen Li , Fan Heng-Yu 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Zar1 was one of the earliest mammalian maternal-effect genes to be identified. Embryos derived from Zar1-null female mice are blocked before zygotic genome activation; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. By knocking out Zar1 and its homolog Zar2 in mice, we revealed a novel function of these genes in oocyte meiotic maturation. Zar1/2-deleted oocytes displayed delayed meiotic resumption and polar body-1 emission and a higher incidence of abnormal meiotic spindle formation and chromosome aneuploidy. The grown oocytes of Zar1/2-null mice contained decreased levels of many maternal mRNAs and displayed a reduced level of protein synthesis. Key maturation-associated changes failed to occur in the Zar1/2-null oocytes, including the translational activation of maternal mRNAs encoding the cell-cycle proteins cyclin B1 and WEE2, as well as maternal-to-zygotic transition (MZT) licensing factor BTG4. Consequently, maternal mRNA decay was impaired and MZT was abolished. ZAR1/2 bound mRNAs to regulate the translational activity of their 3′-UTRs and interacted with other oocyte proteins, including mRNA-stabilizing protein MSY2 and cytoplasmic lattice components. These results countered the traditional view that ZAR1 only functions after fertilization and highlight a previously unrecognized role of ZAR1/2 in regulating the maternal transcriptome and translational activation in maturing oocytes.
The static and dynamic structural heterogeneities of B-DNA: extending Calladine–Dickerson rules
Authors: Dans Pablo D , Balaceanu Alexandra , Pasi Marco , Patelli Alessandro S , Petkevičiūtė Daiva , Walther Jürgen , Hospital Adam , Bayarri Genís , Lavery Richard , Maddocks John H , Orozco Modesto 
Published: October 2019

AbstractWe present a multi-laboratory effort to describe the structural and dynamical properties of duplex B-DNA under physiological conditions. By processing a large amount of atomistic molecular dynamics simulations, we determine the sequence-dependent structural properties of DNA as expressed in the equilibrium distribution of its stochastic dynamics. Our analysis includes a study of first and second moments of the equilibrium distribution, which can be accurately captured by a harmonic model, but with nonlocal sequence-dependence. We characterize the sequence-dependent choreography of backbone and base movements modulating the non-Gaussian or anharmonic effects manifested in the higher moments of the dynamics of the duplex when sampling the equilibrium distribution. Contrary to prior assumptions, such anharmonic deformations are not rare in DNA and can play a significant role in determining DNA conformation within complexes. Polymorphisms in helical geometries are particularly prevalent for certain tetranucleotide sequence contexts and are always coupled to a complex network of coordinated changes in the backbone. The analysis of our simulations, which contain instances of all tetranucleotide sequences, allow us to extend Calladine–Dickerson rules used for decades to interpret the average geometry of DNA, leading to a set of rules with quantitative predictive power that encompass nonlocal sequence-dependence and anharmonic fluctuations.
Gene knockdown in malaria parasites via non-canonical RNAi
Authors: Hentzschel Franziska , Mitesser Vera , Fraschka Sabine Anne-Kristin , Krzikalla Daria , Carrillo Elena Herrera , Berkhout Ben , Bártfai Richárd , Mueller Ann-Kristin , Grimm Dirk 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The lack of endogenous RNAi machinery in the malaria parasite Plasmodium hampers gene annotation and hence antimalarial drug and vaccine development. Here, we engineered rodent Plasmodium berghei to express a minimal, non-canonical RNAi machinery that solely requires Argonaute 2 (Ago2) and a modified short hairpin RNA, so-called AgoshRNA. Using this strategy, we achieved robust and specific gene knockdown throughout the entire parasite life cycle. We also successfully silenced the endogenous gene perforin-like protein 2, phenocopying a full gene knockout. Transcriptionally restricting Ago2 expression to the liver stage further enabled us to perform a stage-specific gene knockout. The RNAi-competent Plasmodium lines reported here will be a valuable resource for loss-of-function phenotyping of the many uncharacterized genes of Plasmodium in low or high throughput, without the need to engineer the target gene locus. Thereby, our new strategy and transgenic Plasmodium lines will ultimately benefit the discovery of urgently needed antimalarial drug and vaccine candidates. Generally, the ability to render RNAi-negative organisms RNAi-competent by mere introduction of two components, Ago2 and AgoshRNA, is a unique paradigm that should find broad applicability in other species.
Associations of ABO blood type and galactose-deficient immunoglobulin A1 with adverse outcomes in patients with IgA nephropathy
Authors: Wang Manliu , Lv Jicheng , Chen Pei , Yu Guizhen , Shi Sufang , Liu Lijun , Zhou Xujie , Xu Damin , Zhao Minghui , Zhang Hong 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundBoth ABO blood group antigens and pathogenic immunoglobulin A1 (IgA1) in patients with IgA nephropathy (IgAN) are influenced by modifications of N-acetylgalactosamine and galactose. The purpose of this study was to assess whether ABO blood type is associated with galactose-deficient IgA1 (Gd-IgA1) in the progression of kidney disease in patients with IgAN.MethodsWe enrolled 1313 IgAN patients with a median of 44 months follow-up and measured the plasma Gd-IgA1 levels. Multivariate Cox regression models were used to estimate the association between all variables and adverse outcomes. Using the propensity score matching method, 718 IgAN patients with blood type either A or B were selected, and their data were used to assess the association of blood type and Gd-IgA1/serum complement 3 (sC3) with outcomes.ResultsWe found that the risk of adverse outcomes was significantly higher in patients with blood type A than in those with type B (hazard ratio = 1.82, 95% confidence interval 1.23–2.71; P = 0.003) after multivariate adjustment. The Gd-IgA1 levels showed trends similar to the multivariate-adjusted event-free curves for the blood types. However, this higher risk of adverse outcomes in type A than in type B patients was no longer significant after the addition of Gd-IgA1/sC3 to the model.ConclusionsIgAN patients with blood type A had a higher risk of adverse outcomes than those with type B, and this risk was associated with Gd-IgA1/sC3. Thus, the ABO blood type may provide a reference for the prognostic factors for individuals with IgAN.