bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Industrial Perspective on Counter Anions in Gold Catalysis: Underestimated with Respect to “Ligand Effects”
Authors: Schießl Jasmin , Schulmeister Jürgen , Doppiu Angelino , Wörner Eileen , Rudolph Matthias , Karch Ralf , Hashmi A. Stephen K. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe conversion of a variety of well‐known test reactions, representing the key reactivity patterns of gold catalysis, were analyzed by GC and 1H NMR. The study is focused on establishing of a strategical approach for the consideration of ligand influence and counter anion influence during the catalyst optimization including an industrial perspective. The study shows a dominance of the counter anion, a dominance which up to now has been neglected in most of the routine screenings. In addition, a drastic substrate‐dependency became obvious, even a marginal variation of the substrate already could strongly effect the catalytic activity and change the optimal counter anion or ligand. Based on the collected data a strategic concept for an efficient screening for a specific substrate is introduced, this concept can serve as an important guideline for catalyst optimization in homogeneous gold catalysis.magnified image
Facile and Direct Hydroxylation of Benzene to Phenol over Graphene‐Based Catalysts: Integrated Utilization of Greenhouse Nitrous Oxide
Authors: Zhu Chang , Yun Jiena , Wang Qian , Hu Qiaoli , Yang Gang 
Published: March 2018

AbstractGraphene catalysis has recently emerged as a focus and herein a novel and highly efficient process is computationally designed using graphene‐based catalysts that integrates the utilization of greenhouse nitrous oxide (N2O) as oxidant. The ground‐state pristine graphene is not catalytically active for benzene hydroxylation, and doping and photocatalysis through excitations are employed to improve the catalyst systems, while both strategies exhibit limited effects. A combination of Be‐doping and photocatalysis through excitations results in encouraging changes, where all energy barriers are moderate, so that the whole catalytic processes proceed facilely at mild conditions. Graphene materials, especially Be‐ and O‐doped ones, are good photocatalysts due to the low excitation energies. Mechanistic studies indicate that the active sites of the excited‐state graphene, whether pristine or doped, are oxygen anion radical (O−•) and distinct from the epoxide species for the ground state; in addition, Be‐doping pronouncedly reduces the excitation energies and enhances the interactions with the active‐site O species, which further show strong stabilization effects to transition states and reduce substantially the energy barriers.
Energy storage and loss capacity of graphene‐reinforced poly(vinylidene fluoride) nanocomposites from electrical and dielectric properties perspective: A review
Authors: Uyor Uwa O. , Popoola Abimbola P. , Popoola Olawale , Aigbodion Victor S. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractPolymer/graphene nanocomposites have shown promising potentials in energy storage applications due to their high permittivity, enhanced energy storage density, flexibility, and improved thermal and mechanical properties. The addition of graphene nanosheets to polymer matrix improves existing and incorporate new properties on such nanocomposites for various engineering applications. For instance, graphene nanosheets in polymer matrix are believed to form microcapacitors. Each microcapacitor contributes to the effective capacitance and dielectric constant of the composite. Although research has proved polymer/graphene composites as high dielectric constant materials, the major challenges facing their practical applications are high energy dissipation, high dielectric loss, and low electric field strength. In view of this, many researchers have shown efforts to minimize energy losses associated with polymer/graphene composites by insulating graphene nanosheets with different organic and inorganic substances. This is believed to prevent direct contact of graphene nanosheets and reduce the high mobility of π‐orbital or free electrons in the polymer matrix. However, maintaining high dielectric constant at low dielectric loss in polymer/graphene composites has not been achieved. If this challenge can be addressed in the future, polymer/graphene composites can yield energy storage capacity comparable with those of electrochemical capacitors. Therefore, this review considered energy storage and loss capacity of poly(vinylidene fluoride)/graphene nanocomposites from the perspective of electrical and dielectric properties. This article to the best of our ability reviewed various research results on dielectric constants/losses, breakdown strengths, energy densities, and electrical and thermal conductivities of poly(vinylidene fluoride)/graphene nanocomposites. Results extracted from the different published literature were tabulated and discussed at length to outline the reasons for the high dielectric loss in the neighborhood of percolation thresholds and the way forward.
Bottom‐Up Confined Synthesis of Nanorod‐in‐Nanotube Structured Sb@N‐C for Durable Lithium and Sodium Storage
Authors: Luo Wen , Li Feng , Gaumet Jean‐Jacques , Magri Pierre , Diliberto Sébastien , Zhou Liang , Mai Liqiang 
Published: March 2018

AbstractAntimony (Sb) has emerged as an attractive anode material for both lithium and sodium ion batteries due to its high theoretical capacity of 660 mA h g−1. In this work, a novel peapod‐like N‐doped carbon hollow nanotube encapsulated Sb nanorod composite, the so‐called nanorod‐in‐nanotube structured Sb@N‐C, via a bottom‐up confinement approach is designed and fabricated. The N‐doped‐carbon coating and thermal‐reduction process is monitored by in situ high‐temperature X‐ray diffraction characterization. Due to its advanced structural merits, such as sufficient N‐doping, 1D conductive carbon coating, and substantial inner void space, the Sb@N‐C demonstrates superior lithium/sodium storage performance. For lithium storage, the Sb@N‐C exhibits a high reversible capacity (650.8 mA h g−1 at 0.2 A g−1), excellent long‐term cycling stability (a capacity decay of only 0.022% per cycle for 3000 cycles at 2 A g−1), and ultrahigh rate capability (343.3 mA h g−1 at 20 A g−1). For sodium storage, the Sb@N‐C nanocomposite displays the best long‐term cycle performance among the reported Sb‐based anode materials (a capacity of 345.6 mA h g−1 after 3000 cycles at 2 A g−1) and an impressive rate capability of up to 10 A g−1. The results demonstrate that the Sb@N‐C nanocomposite is a promising anode material for high‐performance lithium/sodium storage.
Zweifach‐bioorthogonale Derivatisierung durch verschiedene Formylglycin‐generierende Enzyme
Authors: Krüger Tobias , Weiland Stefanie , Falck Georg , Gerlach Marcus , Boschanski Mareile , Alam Sarfaraz , Müller Kristian M. , Dierks Thomas , Sewald Norbert 
Published: March 2018

AbstractFormylglycin‐generierende Enzyme haben in den letzten Jahren breite Anwendung in der bioorthogonalen Chemie gefunden. Sie katalysieren die ortsspezifische Oxidation eines Cysteinrestes zur Aldehyd‐haltigen Aminosäure Cα‐Formylglycin (FGly). FGly kann in jedem beliebigen Zielprotein generiert und anschließend für bioorthogonale Konjugationsreaktionen genutzt werden. Das prototypische Formylglycin‐generierende Enzym (FGE) und das Eisen‐Schwefel‐Protein AtsB zeigen leichte Variationen in ihren Erkennungssequenzen. Spezifische Motive in Peptiden und Proteinen wurden entworfen, die selektiv von diesen Enzymen adressiert werden. Die Kombination dieser Motive innerhalb eines Peptids oder rekombinanten Proteins ermöglichte die unabhängige und sukzessive Einführung von zwei FGly‐Resten und die Generierung hetero‐difunktionalisierter Proteinkonjugate.
Blending PPO‐based molecules with Pebax MH 1657 in membranes for gas separation
Authors: Didden Jeroen , Thür Raymond , Volodin Alexander , Vankelecom Ivo F. J. 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACTThis work explores the possibilities to blend block copolymers, i.e., Pebax MH 1657, with a variety of cheap poly(propylene oxide)‐rich molecules which could potentially play a double role in the resulting membranes as dispersing/stabilizing agents in multi‐component casting solutions and as a gas transport medium in the final membrane. These membranes were prepared by solution casting and were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, X‐ray diffraction, density measurements, and Fourier transform infrared‐attenuated total reflection, while additive incorporation was also studied with theoretical calculations. Gas permeation measurements showed that this approach resulted in increased permeabilities at the expense of mixed‐gas selectivity. An interpretation of the blend structure was finally made using gas transport models. The compatibility of these additives with the synthesis of selective gas separation membranes may enable a potential double role in membrane synthesis, i.e., as stabilizing agents in membrane synthesis and as a gas transport medium in the final membrane. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46433.
Positive temperature coefficient effect and mechanism of compatible LLDPE/HDPE composites doping conductive graphite powders
Authors: Zhang Peng , Wang Bin‐bin 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACTLinear low density polyethylene (LLDPE)/high density polyethylene (HDPE) blends doped conductive graphite powders were constructed by the traditional melt‐blending method to acquire the conductive compatible polymer composites, and corresponding positive temperature coefficient (PTC) effect of electrical resistivity was investigated. The results indicated that the room‐temperature resistivity gradually decreased and PTC effects were remarkably enhanced by regulating the graphite contents or LLDPE/HDPE ratios. Especially, with increasing graphite contents, the polymer‐fixed composites showed the notable double PTC effects, originating from the volume expansion of the co‐crystallization or their fraction. Whereas, with increasing the LLDPE/HDPE ratio, the PTC effects of the graphite‐fixed composites occurred at the lower temperature, even far below the melting points of the co‐crystallization. Therefore, the regulation of co‐crystallization morphology of compatible polymer matrices was a new idea in the improvement of PTC materials. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46453.
Prediction of morbidity following cytoreductive surgery for metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumour in patients on tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy
Authors: Fairweather M , Cavnar M J , Li G Z , Bertagnolli M M , DeMatteo R P , Raut C P 
Published: March 2018

Abstract

Background
Although cytoreductive surgery has been shown to be beneficial in carefully selected patients with metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs) treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), factors predictive of postoperative morbidity have not been investigated previously.

Methods
A surgical complexity score for GIST metastasectomy (GM-SCS) composed of patient-related and surgical factors was assigned retrospectively to patients with metastatic GIST treated with TKI therapy and surgery at two institutions between 2002 and 2014. The ability of clinicopathological factors and GM-SCS to predict postoperative morbidity was assessed by means of a multivariable logistic regression model. Postoperative complications were categorized using the Clavien–Dindo classification.

Results
Some 400 operations on 323 patients with metastatic GIST on TKIs were included. Complications were observed following 110 operations (27·5 per cent) including 70 major complications (grade III–V) (17·5 per cent of 400 operations). Patients were divided into low (5 points or less; 100 patients, 25·0 per cent), intermediate (6–9 points; 191, 47·8 per cent) and high (at least 10 points; 109, 27·3 per cent) complexity scoring groups based on the GM-SCS. An intermediate (odds ratio (OR) 2·88; P = 0·008) and high (OR 5·40; P &lt; 0·001) GM-SCS were independent predictors of overall complications, whereas only a high GM-SCS was independently predictive of a major complication (OR 3·65; P = 0·018). Metastatic mitotic index was also an independent predictor of overall complications (OR 2·55; P = 0·047). GM-SCS did not predict progression-free or overall survival.

Conclusion
A gastrointestinal stromal tumour metastastectomy surgical complexity score can predict morbidity, which may help in preoperative risk stratification and optimal treatment planning.
Randomized clinical trial of platysma muscle suture versus no suture for wound closure after thyroid surgery
Authors: Senne M , Zein R , Falch C , Kirschniak A , Koenigsrainer A , Müller S 
Published: March 2018

Abstract

Background
Suturing the platysma muscle during wound closure after thyroid surgery is frequently described in the literature. There is no prospective evidence to support its use or benefit. The aim of this study was to evaluate how a platysma muscle suture influences initial postoperative pain following thyroid surgery.

Methods
Patients were assigned randomly to receive a platysma suture or no platysma suture in this prospective, patient-blinded trial. The duration of follow-up was 6 months. The primary endpoint was wound-specific pain 24 h after thyroid resection. Secondary endpoints were intraoperative and perioperative analgesia requirement, postoperative pain and complications until postoperative day 14, and Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Score (POSAS) 6 months after surgery.

Results
Forty-one patients were randomized to each group. Visual analogue scale scores for wound-specific pain were lower in patients without a platysma suture 24 h after surgery (mean(s.d.) 3·15(1·46) versus 2·17(1·41) in groups with and without suture respectively; P = 0·002). There were no differences in the perioperative and postoperative need for analgesics, postoperative wound complications or cervical scar cosmesis 6 months after surgery (mean(s.d.) POSAS 23·99(9·53) versus 26·51(8·69); P = 0·148).

Conclusion
Omitting the platysma muscle suture after thyroid surgery resulted in less wound-specific pain initially, with no difference in postoperative wound complications or cosmetic results. Registration number: NCT02951000 (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov).
Simultaneous determination of six coptis alkaloids in urine and feces by LC–MS/MS and its application to excretion kinetics and the compatibility mechanism of Jiao‐Tai‐Wan in insomniac rats
Authors: Chen Ning , Guo Chang‐e , Chen Hongying , Chen Jianhua , Bi Xinning , Li Hongpin , Zhu Hongyu , Ma Pengkai , Zhang Yujie , Lin Hongying 
Published: March 2018

AbstractJiao‐Tai‐Wan (JTW) is a well‐known traditional Chinese medicine prescription composed of Rhizoma Coptidis (RC) and Cortex Cinnamon (10:1, g/g). It has been used to treat insomnia in China for centuries. This study investigates the excretion properties of coptis alkaloids from RC and JTW in normal and insomniac rats, and it examines the compatibility mechanism for this prescription. A new liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method was developed for the simultaneous determination of six alkaloids – berberine, epiberberine, coptisine, jatrorrhizine, palmatine and magnoflorine – in rat urine and feces. The normal and model rats were orally treated with RC and JTW powder at a dosage containing 3.0 g kg−1 day−1 RC once per day for 7 days. Briefly, the results showed that the cumulative amounts of urinary and fecal excretion of the six alkaloids were significantly different in the pathological condition, as well as in compatibility. In normal rats, the urinary and fecal excretion of coptis alkaloids, especially berberine, coptisine and palmatine, increased significantly in the JTW group compared with the RC group, while the urinary and fecal excretion of six alkaloids decreased in insomniac rats. These data suggested that pathological conditions might have a notable influence on the excretion of alkaloids in rats, and demonstrated that the compatibility could promote better therapeutic effects through the accumulation of alkaloids in the body. These results might explain the compatibility of JTW.
Beauty‐related perceptual bias: Who captures the mind of the beholder?
Authors: Zhang Yan , Xiang Yu , Guo Ying , Zhang Lili 
Published: March 2018

AbstractIntroductionTo explore the beauty‐related perceptual bias and answers the question: Who can capture the mind of the beholder? Many studies have explored the specificity of human faces through ERP or other ways, and the materials they used are general human faces and other objects. Therefore, we want to further explore the difference between attractive faces and beautiful objects such as flowers.MethodsWe recorded the eye movement of 22 male observers and 23 female observers using a standard two‐alternative forced choice.Results(1) The attractive faces were looked at longer and more often in comparison with the beautiful flowers; (2) fixation counts of female participants are more than male participants; and (3) the participants watched the beautiful flowers first, followed by the attractive faces, but there was no significant difference on the first fixation duration between the beautiful flowers and the attractive faces.ConclusionsThe data in this study may suggest that people prefer attractive faces to beautiful flowers.
Risk of thyroid cancer in relation to height, weight, and body mass index in Japanese individuals: a population‐based cohort study
Authors: Sado Junya , Kitamura Tetsuhisa , Sobue Tomotaka , Sawada Norie , Iwasaki Motoki , Sasazuki Shizuka , Yamaji Taiki , Shimazu Taichi , Tsugane Shoichiro ,   the JPHC Study Group
Published: March 2018

AbstractGreater height and body mass index (BMI) have been associated with an increased risk of thyroid cancer incidence in Western countries. However, few epidemiological studies have assessed the association between anthropometric factors, such as BMI, height, or weight, and thyroid cancer incidence in Asian populations. Using the population‐based Japan Public Health Center‐based prospective study database, we investigated the relationship between anthropometric factors and thyroid cancer incidence. Data on anthropometric factors were collected through a self‐administered questionnaire at baseline. The hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using the Cox proportional hazards model, and the exposure level was categorized into quintiles. A total of 49,062 men and 53,661 women enrolled between 1990 and 1994 were included in our analyses, and 191 cases (37 in men and 154 in women) of thyroid cancer were identified, with 1,695,702 person‐years of follow‐up until 2010. Compared with the male group with height ≤160 cm, HRs of the male groups with height 165–168 cm and ≥169 cm were 3.92 (95% CI; 1.33–11.55, P = 0.013) and 4.24 (95% CI; 1.32–13.61, P = 0.015), respectively, and the HR per 5‐cm increase in height was 1.12 (95% CI 1.06–1.18, P < 0.001). In contrast, the association between anthropometric features and the risk of thyroid cancer did not significantly differ among women. In this population, an increase in risk for increased height was observed in men, but no associations between anthropometric indexes and thyroid cancer risk were observed in women.
Inhibition of breast cancer cell growth by methyl pyropheophenylchlorin photodynamic therapy is mediated though endoplasmic reticulum stress‐induced autophagy in vitro and vivo
Authors: Zhu Jiang , Tian Si , Li Kai‐Ting , Chen Qing , Jiang Yuan , Lin Hai‐Dan , Yu Le‐Hua , Bai Ding‐Qun 
Published: March 2018

AbstractAutophagy and ER stress participated in the inhibition of MPPa‐PDT on tumor growth, but the molecular links between them remain undefined. We just explore the molecular mechanism between them in vitro and vivo. CCK‐8 assay and flow cytometer were used to detect the cytotoxicity and mode of cell death after MPPa‐PDT. Furthermore, the role of autophagy was verified in MPPa‐PDT. Confocal microscopy was used to show the intracellular distribution of MPPa. ER stress markers and PERK signaling pathway were detected by western blot. While in vivo, tumor histology and immunohistochemistry were performed to show the effect of MPPa‐PDT in mice. After MPPa‐PDT, cells viability decreased in dose‐dependent manner. Besides, the cell apoptosis increased along with the increasing of Beclin‐1and LC3B II but declining of P62. When pretreated with 3‐MA, LC3B II formation and the cytotoxicity declined. MPPa‐PDT caused increasing of ER stress markers (GRP78, CHOP) as MPPa accumulated in ER. However, pretreatment with ER stress inhibitor 4PBA, the expression of GRP78 and LC3B II was blocked but the PERK signaling pathway activated and the expression of P62 increased. In vivo, the tumor growth was significantly inhibited by MPPa‐PDT. Besides, the appearance of ER stress and autophagy was further demonstrated by immunohistochemistry. Our findings demonstrate that autophagy mediated by MPPa‐PDT was regulated by ER stress, via PERK signaling pathway, to kill MDA‐MB‐231 cells in vitro and vivo.
Prognostic significance of NFIA and NFIB in esophageal squamous carcinoma and esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma
Authors: Yang Bo , Zhou Zhi‐hang , Chen Li , Cui Xiang , Hou Jun‐yan , Fan Kai‐jie , Han Si‐hao , Li Peng , Yi Shao‐qiong , Liu Yang 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe nuclear factor I (NFI) family members, especially NFIA and NFIB, play essential roles in cancers. The roles of NFIA and NFIB in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma (EJA) remain poorly known. This study aimed to determine the expression of NFIA and NFIB in ESCC and EJA and elucidate their prognostic significance. The expression of NFIA and NFIB was examined in 163 ESCC samples and 26 EJA samples by immunohistochemistry. The results showed that high NFIA expression correlated significantly with poor differentiation, lymph node metastasis, and advanced TNM stage in patients with ESCC. High NFIB expression only correlated with poor differentiation in patients with ESCC. Survival analysis showed that NFIA but not NFIB associated with short overall survival (OS) and disease‐free survival (DFS) of patients with ESCC. On the other hand, high NFIB expression correlated with lymph node metastasis, advanced TNM stage, and short OS and DFS in patients with EJA. Finally, multivariate analysis demonstrated that high NFIA expression was an independent prognostic factor for ESCC. Taken together, these results demonstrated that NFIA and NFIB could serve as prognostic indicators for ESCC and EJA, respectively.