bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
S1PR5 regulates NK cell responses in preventing graft‐versus‐host disease while preserving graft‐versus‐tumour activity in a murine allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation model
Authors: Wang Feiyan , Zhao Shasha , Gu Zhenyang , Zhao Xiaoli , Yang Nan , Guan Lixun , Liu Tong , Wang Li , Fang Shu , Zhu Chengying , Luo Lan , Li Meng , Wang Lili , Gao Chunji 
Published: August 2019

AbstractGraft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD) remains a major complication following allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo‐HSCT) leading to high transplant‐related mortality. Natural killer (NK) cells have been found to mitigate GVHD without attenuating the graft‐versus‐tumour (GVT) activity in the murine model of haematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Sphingosine‐1‐phosphate receptor 5 (S1PR5) is a very important chemokine receptor on NK cells that governs NK cell distribution in vivo and trafficking at lesion sites. Our preliminary studies showed that the incidence of GVHD was negatively correlated with S1PR5 expression in the NK cells of patients after allo‐HSCT. In the present study, we found that S1PR5 deficiency in murine NK cells blocked the migration of NK cells from the bone marrow to the GVHD target organs and attenuated the inhibitory effects on the alloreactive T cells, especially CD3+CD8+T cells, which may be the reason why the loss of S1PR5 in NK cells could aggravate GVHD in recipient mice. Furthermore, we also demonstrated that the absence of S1PR5 expression in NK cells did not interfere with the antitumour effects of NK cells and T cells in vivo. Taken together, our data indicate that S1PR5 plays an essential role in balancing GVHD and GVT activity.
The National SunSmart Schools Program: Impact on sun protection policies and practices in Australian primary schools
Authors: Hunkin Hugh , Pollock Kate , Scupham Rebecca 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIssue addressedOverexposure to ultraviolet radiation during childhood is a significant determinant of lifetime skin cancer risk, but can be mitigated through primary schools' adoption of appropriate sun protection policies and practices. The present study aimed to evaluate the changes in these policies and practices in Australia, and to assess the impact of the National SunSmart Schools Program.MethodsA random sample of primary schools were selected in 2011 and 2016 (N = 1577, 1533), and asked to complete a survey describing their current sun protection policies and practices. Significant changes across the study period, and relative to previously reported data from 2005, were identified.ResultsSun protection policies and practices remained relatively stable over the period, although there was a notable decrease in incorporating sun protection material into the curriculum. SunSmart membership was associated with a significantly greater likelihood of several policies and practices being employed. The launch of the SunSmart program in New South Wales was linked with significant improvements to sun protection practices, relative to other states and territories.ConclusionThe National SunSmart Schools program continues to have a substantial impact in supporting the adoption of appropriate sun protection policies and their practical implementation.So what?Even small changes to sun protection practices in Australian primary schools can have a major positive impact on long‐term health outcomes. SunSmart membership can be leveraged to broaden existing policies and practices, targeting priority areas such as shade provision and the incorporation of sun protection into school curriculum.
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura patients' attitudes toward depression management: A qualitative study
Authors: Terrell Deirdra R. , Tolma Eleni L. , Stewart Lauren M. , Shirley Erin A. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackground and aimsThrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a rare disorder characterized by acute episodes of systemic microvascular thrombosis; TTP is more common in adults, women, and African‐Americans (Blacks). Our Oklahoma TTP Registry documented that survivors have an increased prevalence of depression compared with the general population; however, many patients' depression remains untreated. Moreover, studies identifying attitudes toward depression management are lacking. The objective of this study was to identify TTP patients' attitudes towards pharmacotherapy. As a secondary question, we explored attitudes towards counseling.MethodsWe interviewed TTP patients with major depression who had experience with different management strategies (previous/current pharmacotherapy treatment versus no pharmacotherapy treatment). Eligibility criteria included (a) age > 18 years, (b) ADAMTS13‐deficient TTP, (c) enrolled in the Oklahoma Registry, and (d) moderate/major depression on either the Beck Depression Inventory II or Patient Health Questionnaire from 2004 to 2012. Qualitative purposive sampling was used to interview patients with a range of experiences with TTP and depression symptom management. Our study was based on the theoretical framework of the Theory of Reasoned Action. Patients were asked about their views on depression (attitudes), their family and friends' views (social norms), and ways they cope with depression.ResultsSemi‐structured interviews were conducted between June and October 2013. Data saturation was achieved after interviewing 16 patients (nine, pharmacotherapy and seven, no pharmacotherapy). The majority (88%) were women; 56% were Black, and the median age was 49 years. Patients in both groups believed TTP was life altering and traumatic and that counseling improved depressive symptoms. However, the pharmacologic group believed medication improved one's quality of life, whereas the no pharmacotherapy group was not sure pharmacotherapy was effective and expressed fears related to potential addiction and side effects. When asked about cultural views to depression management, many Black patients stated that in the Black community, a person is taught to deal with his/her emotional issues instead of asking strangers for help.ConclusionEnsuring effective depression management is a critical part of TTP care. Understanding attitudes toward management will assist in tailoring patient discussions.
Changes over time in near‐saturated hydraulic conductivity of peat soil following reclamation for agriculture
Authors: Hyväluoma Jari , Räty Mari , Kaseva Janne , Keskinen Riikka 
Published: August 2019

AbstractReclamation of peat bogs for agriculture changes the physical and chemical characteristics of the peat matrix, for example, drainage and tillage accelerate decomposition, altering peat porosity, pore size distribution, and hydraulic properties. This study investigated changes in near‐saturated hydraulic conductivity over time after drainage of peat soil for agricultural use by conducting tension infiltrometer measurements in a mire that has been gradually drained and reclaimed for agriculture during the past 80 years (with fields drained 2, 12, 40, and 80 years before the measurements). At pore water pressure closest to saturation (pressure head −1 cm), hydraulic conductivity in the newest field was approximately nine times larger than that in the oldest field, and a decreasing trend with field age was observed. A similar (but weaker) trend was observed with −3 cm pressure head (approximately four times larger in the newest field in comparison to the oldest), but at −6 cm head, there were no significant differences. These results indicate that peat degradation reduces the amount of millimetre‐sized pores in particular. They also indicate that changes in peat macroporosity continue for several decades before a new steady state is reached.
A New and Robust Method for In‐situ EPR Electrochemistry
Authors: Toybenshlak Maya , Carmieli Raanan 
Published: August 2019

AbstractA new and simple design of electrochemical setup for in‐situ generation of free radicals to be measured using X‐band (9.5 GHz) electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectrometer is described. The cell parts are all from commercially available components and requires no specially made glassware. The EPR performance of the setup is demonstrated by in‐situ electrochemical generation of organic radical cations and radical anions such as quinones, perylene‐diimide, pyrene, flavin, tryptophan and tyrosine through oxidation or reduction in solution. The well‐resolved EPR spectra of the radical products were simulated and analyzed and the hyperfine coupling constants have been assigned for the interactions of the unpaired electron with the various ring protons and the nitrogen nuclei.
Urbanisation reduces litter breakdown rates and affects benthic invertebrate structure in Pampean streams
Authors: Tagliaferro Marina , Giorgi Adonis , Torremorell Ana , Albariño Ricardo 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe Pampean region has become one of the most urbanised areas in South America with more than 91% of the Argentinean population. This region is ideal for human settlements that have historically chosen riverine grassland areas to settle. Consequently, urban streams are increasingly subjected to pressures affecting their functioning. The aim of this study was to assess urbanisation effects on two proxies of stream integrity: leaf litter decay and benthic invertebrate assemblage colonizing litter in streams draining urbanised versus reference grassland areas. We placed plastic coarse‐ and fine‐mesh bags containing Populus nigra leaf litter along three urban and three reference reaches, and these were retrieved periodically to determine the remaining leaf mass and the identity and quantity of detritivore assemblage colonizing bags. The decay rate was negatively affected by urbanisation, and it followed a negative relationship with increasing Nitrogen concentration (mostly ammonia) and a hump‐shape relationship against soluble reactive phosphorus. Urban invertebrate assemblages were significantly different from the reference reaches, and were species‐poorer and characterized by tolerant taxa belonging to Naididae, Glossiphoniidae, and Nematoda, whereas Hyalellidae, Aeglidae, Chironomidae, Caenidae, Baetidae, and Hydrobiidae represented the reference reaches. Our proxies of structural (i.e., invertebrate assemblages) and functional (i.e., leaf litter breakdown) stream integrity were mostly driven by a nutrient‐enrichment gradient and responded in a similar direction but with different magnitude to urban alterations.
Downregulated CHI3L1 alleviates skeletal muscle stem cell injury in a mouse model of sepsis
Authors: Li Fuxing , Sheng Zhiyong , Lan Haibing , Xu Jianning , Li Juxiang 
Published: August 2019

AbstractSepsis is an acute systemic inflammatory response of the body to microbial infection and a life‐threatening condition associated with multiple organ failure. Recent data suggest that sepsis survivors present with long‐term myopathy due to the dysfunction of skeletal muscle stem cells and satellite cells. Accumulating studies have implicated chitinase‐3‐like‐1 protein (CHI3L1) in a variety of infectious diseases, specifically sepsis. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to elucidate the potential mechanism by which CHI3L1 is involved in the injury of skeletal muscle stem cells in mouse models of sepsis. An in vitro cell model was developed by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and in vivo mouse model of sepsis was induced by CRP‐like protein (CLP). To elucidate the biological significance behind the silencing of CHI3L1, modeled skeletal muscle stem cells and mice were treated with siRNA against CHI3L1 or overexpressed CHI3L1. Highly expressed CHI3L1 was found in skeletal muscle tissues of mice with sepsis. Besides, siRNA‐mediated silencing of CHI3L1 was revealed to increase Bcl‐2 expression along with cell proliferation, while diminishing Bax expression, cell apopstosis as well as serum levels of TNF‐α, IL‐1β, INF‐γ, IL‐10, and IL‐6. Taken conjointly, this present study provided evidence suggesting that downregulation of CHI3L1 has the potential to prevent the injury of skeletal muscle stem cells in mice with sepsis. Collectively, CHI3L1 may serve as a valuable therapeutic strategy in alleviating sepsis.
Quantification of collagen structural changes during chick corneal development
Authors: Lee Sheng‐Lin , He Ming‐Ye , Chen Yang‐Fang , Dong Chen‐Yuan 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAs the most abundant structural mammalian protein, collagen has been implicated in the pathogenesis of numerous diseases such as osteogenesis imperfecta, and cancer. In the case of cornea, abnormal cornea development can lead to conditions such as agenesis, megalocornea, microcornea, and cornea plana. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms of collagen assembly during development may contribute to the prevention or treatment of corneal diseases. In this study, we applied fast Fourier transform second harmonic generation microscopy to quantify parameters of corneal structures during chick development. Our results show that both the rotational pitch and overall rotational angle of corneal stroma modulate between E9 and E19. In addition, we found that corneal structures between left and right corneas are highly correlated during development.
Estimating the seroprevalence of chikungunya virus exposure in Shimoga district, Karnataka state: A hospital‐based study during 2014‐2018
Authors: Shilpa Cheerngod , Kavitha Karunakaran , Sudheesh Nittur , Sabeena Sasidharanpillai , Prasad Varamballi , Hindol Maity , Arunkumar Govindakarnavar 
Published: August 2019

AbstractChikungunya fever is a viral disease transmitted to humans by the bite of infected mosquitoes. The disease is characterized by fever, headache, rash, severe joint, and muscle pain. To evaluate the disease burden in the population and the effectiveness of public health measures, periodic seroprevalence surveys are essential. Chikungunya outbreaks were reported from many Asian countries since 2005, after more than three decades of disappearance. The study aimed to estimate the seroprevalence of the chikungunya virus in southern parts of Karnataka state, through demonstrating chikungunya virus‐specific neutralizing antibodies. A cross‐sectional study was carried out using 509 archived blood samples from a hospital‐based acute febrile illness surveillance project, representative of the period between June 2014 and 2018. The study reported a 3.7% seroprevalence of chikungunya virus‐neutralizing antibodies in Thirthahalli and Hosanagara taluks of South Karnataka. The low prevalence of chikungunya‐neutralizing antibodies indicates that a major population is unexposed and prone to future outbreaks.
The Moderating Role of Agreeableness in the Relationship between Experiencing Anger and Creative Performance
Authors: Kao Chien‐Che , Chiou Wen‐Bin 
Published: August 2019

AbstractPrevious studies regarding the effect of experiencing anger on creative performance have shown controversial findings. Some studies have reported that anger hampers creative performance, whereas others have shown that anger promotes cognitive motivation and improves creative performance. Anger is associated with hostility, threats, and conflict, states that are congruent with low agreeableness. In contrast, anger is incompatible with an agreeable individual's preference for harmony and peace. Experiencing this negative activating emotion should be demanding and stressful to them and thereby hamper creative task engagement. Accordingly, we conducted an experimental study to examine whether agreeableness moderated the association between anger and creative performance. A total of 128 undergraduates were randomly assigned to receive either induced anger or a neutral emotion and then completed a creativity task. We found that participants with lower levels of agreeableness showed better fluency, flexibility, and originality in creativity in the anger relative to the neutral‐emotion condition, whereas participants with higher levels of agreeableness showed better creative performance in the neutral emotion relative to the anger condition. The present findings not only provide a viable account for integrating inconsistent findings regarding the facilitating effect of anger on creativity but also contribute to contingent strategies for promoting creative performance.
Performance of First‐Trimester Fetal Echocardiography in Diagnosing Fetal Heart Defects: Meta‐analysis and Systematic Review
Authors: Yu Dongmei , Sui Lun , Zhang Nan 
Published: August 2019

ObjectivesEarly fetal echocardiography is becoming increasing common during the nuchal translucency scan period. The aim of this meta‐analysis was to assess the accuracy of first‐trimester fetal echocardiography in diagnosing congenital heart defects (CHDs).MethodsThe databases of PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature were systematically searched for the candidate articles, and the references of included studies were also examined. We recorded the characteristics of the included studies and assessed the quality of each study by the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies tool. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and area under the curve (AUC) were calculated with Meta‐Disc version 1.4 software (Ramón y Cajal Hospital, Madrid, Spain). We also evaluated the publication bias by using Stata version 12.0 software (StataCorp, College Station, TX).ResultsThis meta‐analysis included 18 studies with 26,201 fetal hearts. The overall pooled sensitivity, specificity, PLR, and NLR were 0.750, 0.999, 392.95, and 0.277, respectively. The DOR and AUC were 1736.0 and 0.9331. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, PLR, NLR, DOR, and AUC for major CHDs were 0.838, 1.000, 725.69, 0.203, 5084.8, and 0.9617.ConclusionsFirst‐trimester fetal echocardiography had high value in diagnosing CHDs, especially major CHDs.
Tribocorrosion of different biomaterials under reciprocating sliding conditions in artificial saliva
Authors: Vilhena Luís , Oppong Gifty , Ramalho Amílcar 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIt has been found in recent studies that the main reason for the failure of a biomedical material used as an implant is due to the low resistance of the combined wear and corrosion. The aim of the present research study is to investigate the triboelectrochemical behaviour of different biomedical materials used as implants under different contact conditions. Comparative experiments were performed using commercial pure titanium (cP‐Ti), Ti6Al4V alloy, pure niobium (Nb), and a Co28Cr6Mo alloy sliding against a Zirconia counterbody tested in artificial saliva. The corrosion potential of the working electrode was monitorised using the open circuit potential technique, and potentiodynamic polarization curves were obtained. It was found that the Nb specimen showed a poor tribological performance, while the Co28Cr6Mo alloy showed the lowest friction and wear. The cP‐Ti specimen showed a more noble behaviour than that of the other three specimens with the highest corrosion potential value.
Accurate case‐outcome modeling in economics, psychology, and marketing
Authors: Woodside Arch G. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis article describes why and how to end bad science practices and shallow information‐from‐data reporting by embracing a seemingly minor but quite a radically different research paradigm that includes asymmetric, configurational‐focused case‐outcome theory construction and somewhat precise outcome testing. This radically different paradigm provides accurate point or interval estimates of case‐outcomes. As an illustration of this paradigm, the exposition in this article includes an elaboration based on additional analyses of data in research appearing in a recent issue of this journal.
Guillain–Barre syndrome outbreak in Peru: Association with polymorphisms in IL‐17, ICAM1, and CD1
Authors: Jaramillo‐Valverde Luis , Levano Kelly S. , Villanueva Isolina , Hidalgo Meylin , Cornejo Marco , Mazzetti Pilar , Cornejo‐Olivas Mario , Sanchez Cesar , Poterico Julio A. , Valdivia‐Silva Julio , Guio Heinner 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundGuillain–Barre Syndrome (GBS) is considered a complex disorder with significant environmental effect and genetic susceptibility. Genetic polymorphisms in CD1E, CD1A, IL‐17, and/or ICAM1 had been proposed as susceptibility genetic variants for GBS mainly in Caucasian population. This study explores the association between selected polymorphisms in these genes and GBS susceptibility in confirmed GBS cases reported in mestizo population from northern Peru during the most recent GBS outbreak of May 2018.MethodsA total of nine nonrelated cases and 11 controls were sequenced for the polymorphic regions of CD1A, CD1E, IL‐17, and ICAM1.ResultsWe found a significant protective association between heterozygous GA genotype in ICAM1 (241Gly/Arg) and GBS (p < .047). IL‐17 was monomorphic in both controls and patients. No significant differences were found in the frequency of SNPs in CD1A and CD1E between the group with GBS patients and healthy controls.ConclusionICAM1 polymorphisms might be considered as potential genetic markers of GBS susceptibility. Further studies with larger sample size will be required to validate these findings.
Motion robust respiratory‐resolved 3D radial flow MRI and its application in neonatal congenital heart disease
Authors: Schrauben Eric M. , Lim Jessie Mei , Goolaub Datta Singh , Marini Davide , Seed Mike , Macgowan Christopher K. 
Published: August 2019

PurposeTo test and implement a motion‐robust and respiratory‐resolved 3D Radial Flow framework that addresses the need for rapid, high resolution imaging in neonatal patients with congenital heart disease.MethodsA 4‐point velocity encoding and 3D radial trajectory with double‐golden angle ordering was combined with bulk motion correction (from projection center of mass) and respiration phase detection (from principal component analysis of heartbeat‐averaged data) to create motion‐robust 3D velocity cardiac time‐averaged data. This framework was tested in a whole‐chest digital phantom with simulated bulk and realistic physiological motion. In vivo imaging was performed in 20 congenital heart disease infants under feed‐and‐sleep with submillimeter isotropic resolution in ~3 min. Flows were validated against clinical 2D PCMRI and whole‐heart visualizations of blood flow were performed.ResultsThe proposed framework resolved all simulated digital phantom motion states (mean ± standard error: rotation – azimuthal = 0.29 ± 0.02°; translation – Ty = 1.29 ± 0.12 mm, Tz = −0.27 ± 0.13 mm; rotation+translation – polar = 0.49 ± 0.16°, Tx = −2.47 ± 0.51 mm, Tz = 5.78 ± 1.33 mm). Measured timing errors of peak expiration across all signal‐to‐noise ratio values were 22% of the true respiratory period (range = [404‐489 ± 298‐334] ms). For in vivo imaging, motion correction improved 3D Radial Flow measurements (no correction: R2 = 0.62, root mean square error = 0.80 L/min/m2, Bland‐Altman bias [limits of agreement] = −0.21 [−1.40, 0.94] L/min/m2; motion corrected, expiration: R2 = 0.90, root mean square error = 0.46 L/min/m2, bias [limits of agreement] = 0.06 [−0.49, 0.62] L/min/m2). Respiratory‐resolved 3D velocity visualizations were achieved in various neonatal pathologies pre‐ and postsurgical correction.Conclusion3D cardiac flow may be visualized and accurately quantified in neonatal subjects using the proposed framework. This technique may enable more comprehensive hemodynamic studies in small infants.