bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Műemlékvédelem — kérdések és felvetések
Authors: Cságoly Ferenc 
Published: March 2018

A műemlékvédelem össztársadalmi szélességű, kulturális identitást is meghatározó témakör, ezért egyaránt érinti az ezzel foglalkozó szakemberek szűk körét és a széles közönséget. A két fél szemléletmódja és értékítélete egyre erősebben eltérő, és minél nagyobb a kettő közötti távolság, annál több politikai, gazdasági, jogi és egyéb érdek töltheti ki ezt a rést, gyengítve ezáltal a szakmai szerep hatékonyságát. A probléma gyökere — feltételezésem szerint — a nézőpontok eltérésében van, ezért a megoldás keresését is itt kell elkezdeni.
A gyakorló építész a szűken vett műemlékes szakma és a nagyközönség között köztes helyzetben áll. Ebben a helyzetben — a szűken vett szakma felől nézve amatőr státusban — feltehet olyan kérdéseket, amelyek szakmai oldalon evidenciák lehetnek, de a befogadó közönség számára nem kellően értelmezett, tehát nyitott témák. Idetartozhat például a szakmai alapfogalmak — érték, hitelesség, eredetiség — tisztázása és értelmezése. Ugyanakkor ez a pozíció — a befogadó közönség felől nézve hivatásosként — lehetőséget ad az eltérő nézőpontok, szemléletmódok megértésére és ezáltal közelítésére is, egyfajta mediációs kísérletre.
Az Építés – Építészettudomány folyóirat 60 évéről
Authors: Vámossy Ferenc 
Published: March 2018

A Szerző, mint az Építés – Építészettudomány (rövidítve ÉÉT, korábban Építés- és Közlekedéstudományi Közlemények, rövidítve ÉKTK) szerkesztőségének 1957-től munkatársa, visszatekintésében a Műegyetem mérnöki és építészmérnöki karának tudományos-szellemi életét szolgáló folyóirat történetét, feladatait és azoknak teljesítését kívánja megvilágítani. Arra törekszik, hogy a lap saját belső fejlődésén túl a korabeli tudományos kutatás egészéről is képet nyújtson. Erre lehetőséget ad az is, hogy a lapban 2007-ben az 1957–2007 közötti éveket három nyelven (angolul és németül is) összefoglaló tartalomjegyzék és a fő munkaterületeket elemző, alapos értékelő tanulmány jelent meg négy szakértő részéről.
Az ÉKTK korszaka (1957–1968) még szélesebb szakterületet ölelt fel, az akadémiai kutatás tudományterületeinek kiépülési időszakát. Az ÉÉT időszakában 1969-től az elméleti és alkalmazott mechanika és az építés közös területe jelenti a mérnöki szakterületet, míg az építészettudomány, építészettörténet és műemlékek, illetve a településtudomány a másikat. Sajátos változást jelentett a 2000. év a lap előállításában s így szerkesztésében is azzal, hogy beköszöntött a digitális korszak. A belső, egyetemi változások, így a doktori iskolák megjelenése és más intézményi változások már előbb, az 1990-es években éreztették hatásukat.
A szerző cikkében összefoglalja a négy szakértő 2007-ben írt legfontosabb megállapításait. Marosi Ernő művészettörténész az építészettörténet, a műemlékek és az építészetelmélet kapcsolatát elemezte, és a lap művészettörténeti jelentőségét méltatta. Gáspár Zsolt, a szerkesztőbizottság tagja 50 év minden szerzőjét és tanulmányát mérlegre téve elemezte a mechanika tudomány belső fejlődését és újabb fejezeteinek kibontakozását. Finta József az alkotó-tervező oldalról szemlélte a lapot és vizsgálta szerepét a tervező építészi szemlélet hazai kialakulásában. Meggyesi Tamás a településtudomány, településtervezés és urbanisztika nézőpontjából tekintette át a közölt tanulmányokat és méltatta a lap szerepét témakörében. A szerző végül saját szerepét és felelősségét veti fel a Szerkesztőség életében. Legfontosabb eredményként a szerzőgárda kialakulását és a szerkesztői tevékenységben érzékelhető együttműködést említi, tekintettel arra, hogy visszavonulásával lezárul 60 éves szolgálata.
Az államszocialista bányavárosfejlesztések morfológiai vonatkozásai
Authors: Kissfazekas Kornélia , Lovra Éva 
Published: March 2018

Az 1950-es években az erőltetett iparosítás teljes prioritást élvezett a magyar politikában és a gazdaságfejlesztésben, egyben a regionális településpolitikának is meghatározó vezérelve lett.
Óriásira nőtt azon tájegységeknek a politikai ázsiója, melyek természeti erőforrásként bányászható nyersanyagkinccsel rendelkeztek. E felértékelődés nem előzmények nélküli; a történeti településhálózat létrejöttében már a kezdetektől jelentős szerepet játszott a kitermelhető ásványi nyersanyagforrások megléte. Ahol a településfejlődés feltételei közül más adottságok is rendelkezésre álltak, a bányához telepített kolónia bányászvárossá, majd feldolgozóipari várossá válhatott már a feudalizmus vagy a kapitalizmus időszakában. Az államszocializmus1 során azonban Magyarországon is épültek olyan újnak nevezhető városok, amelyek a fenti történeti városfejlődésen nem feltétlenül mentek át, hanem egy vagy több hajdani kicsi faluból lettek tervszerűen, igen rövid idő alatt nagyobb településsé fejlesztve. E városok a korszak terület- és településtervezési, szakmapolitikai gondolkodásmódjának fontos tanúi, melyeket gyakran a korabeli társadalmi rend egyfajta „ideális” városmodelljeiként, társadalmi és városépítészeti kísérletként is nevesítettek. A szerzők Oroszlány és Komló példáján bemutatott alaktani szemléletű elemzéseik keretében az alábbi főbb kérdésekre keresik a választ: Hogyan jelentek meg az államszocializmus során a politikai szándékú nyersanyag-kitermelések, bányaipari fejlesztések a területfejlesztésben? Miként adott ez egy-egy kisebb, korábban kevéssé jelentős településnek hatalmas fejlődési impulzust? Miként hatott mindez az egyes települések térbeli fejlődési folyamataira, és ennek milyen városmorfológiai következményei és vonatkozásai (hasonlóságai, különbségei) fedezhetők fel?
Families’ Sense of Abandonment When Patients Are Referred to Hospice
Authors: Odagiri Takuya , Morita Tatsuya , Aoyama Maho , Kizawa Yoshiyuki , Tsuneto Satoru , Shima Yasuo , Miyashita Mitsunori ,   J-HOPE Group
Published: March 2018

Abstract

Background
Terminally ill patients with cancer and their families may have a sense of abandonment when they are referred to hospice. This study aimed to clarify the prevalence of families’ sense of abandonment, explore the association between the sense of abandonment and the oncologists’ behaviors, and investigate the association between the sense of abandonment and the families’ depression and complicated grief.

Patients and Methods
This was part of a nationwide self-reported questionnaire survey of bereaved families of patients with cancer who died in inpatient hospices. We sent questionnaires to 947 bereaved families of patients with cancer who died in 133 certified hospices between May 2012 and January 2014.

Results
Among 707 responses obtained, a total of 189 (26.7%) families felt abandoned. The factors significantly associated with a greater sense of abandonment were that the oncologists said there was nothing more to do for the patient, the patient's age of less than 60 years, and being the patient's spouse. The factors significantly associated with a lower sense of abandonment were that the oncologists reassured the patients that they had received the best anticancer treatment, that the oncologists recommended hospices as one potential choice rather than mandatory, and that a palliative care team provided care. Families with a sense of abandonment had higher scores on the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (p = .096) and Brief Grief Questionnaire (p &lt; .001).

Conclusion
Approximately a quarter of bereaved families had a sense of abandonment, which was associated with a higher rate of complicated grief. Oncologists may reduce the sense of abandonment by reassuring that the patients received the best anticancer treatment, recommending hospices as a potential choice rather than as mandatory, and by not saying there is nothing that can be done for the patients.

Implications for Practice
This self-reported questionnaire study investigated the prevalence of families’ feelings of abandonment when they were referred to hospice care, focusing on the association of sense of abandonment and the behavior of their physicians. Nearly a quarter of families felt abandoned by the referral to hospice, and the behavior of some oncologists was associated with the sense of abandonment.
Prognostic Factors and Efficacy of First-Line Chemotherapy in Patients with Advanced Thymic Carcinoma: A Retrospective Analysis of 286 Patients from NEJ023 Study
Authors: Ko Ryo , Shukuya Takehito , Okuma Yusuke , Tateishi Kazunari , Imai Hisao , Iwasawa Shunichiro , Miyauchi Eisaku , Fujiwara Akiko , Sugiyama Tomohide , Azuma Keisuke , Muraki Keiko , Yamasaki Masahiro , Tanaka Hisashi , Takashima Yuta , Soda Sayo , Ishimoto Osamu , Koyama Nobuyuki , Morita Satoshi , Kobayashi Kunihiko , Nukiwa Toshihiro , Takahashi Kazuhisa ,   North East Japan Study Group
Published: March 2018

Abstract

Background
The prognostic factors and the efficacy of first-line chemotherapy remain unclear in patients with advanced thymic carcinoma.

Materials and Methods
We conducted a multi-institutional retrospective study named NEJ023 for patients with advanced thymic carcinoma. All patients without any indication of curative treatment were treated with chemotherapy from 1995 to 2014 at 40 institutions of the North East Japan Study Group.

Results
A total of 286 patients with advanced thymic carcinoma were analyzed. First-line chemotherapy included platinum-based doublets in 62.2% of the patients, monotherapy in 3.5%, and other multidrug chemotherapy (e.g., cisplatin, doxorubicin, vincristine, and cyclophosphamide [ADOC]) in 34.3%. The median follow-up period was 55.5 months, and the median overall survival (OS) from the start of first-line chemotherapy was 30.7 months (95% confidence interval, 25.9–35.9 months). There was no significant difference in OS among different first-line chemotherapy regimens (e.g., between carboplatin/paclitaxel and ADOC, median OS: 27.8 vs. 29.9 months). Masaoka-Koga stage IVa and volume reduction surgery were favorable prognostic factors for OS in the multivariate analysis using the Cox proportional hazards model.

Conclusion
The efficacy of each first-line chemotherapy regimen for advanced thymic carcinoma did not vary significantly. Our results might support the adequacy of the use of carboplatin/paclitaxel as first-line chemotherapy for these patients.

Implications for Practice
Because of its rarity, there is limited information about prognostic factors and efficacy of chemotherapy in patients with advanced thymic carcinoma. This is the largest data set for those patients treated with chemotherapy. This study suggests there is no significant difference in efficacy between carboplatin/paclitaxel and cisplatin/doxorubicin/vincristine/cyclophosphamide for advanced thymic carcinoma. This result can support the adequacy of the selection of platinum doublets as treatment for those patients, rather than anthracycline-based multidrug regimen.
US Mayors’ and Health Commissioners’ Opinions About Health Disparities in Their Cities
Authors: Purtle Jonathan , Henson Rosie Mae , Carroll-Scott Amy , Kolker Jennifer , Joshi Rennie , Diez Roux Ana V. 
Published: March 2018

Objectives. To characterize US mayors’ and health commissioners’ opinions about health disparities in their cities and identify factors associated with these opinions. Methods. We conducted a multimodal survey of mayors and health commissioners in fall–winter 2016 (n = 535; response rate = 45.2%). We conducted bivariate analyses and multivariable logistic regression. Results. Forty-two percent of mayors and 61.1% of health commissioners strongly agreed that health disparities existed in their cities. Thirty percent of mayors and 8.0% of health commissioners believed that city policies could have little or no impact on disparities. Liberal respondents were more likely than were conservative respondents to strongly agree that disparities existed (mayors: odds ratio [OR] = 7.37; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 3.22, 16.84; health commissioners: OR = 5.09; 95% CI = 3.07, 8.46). In regression models, beliefs that disparities existed, were avoidable, and were unfair were independently associated with the belief that city policies could have a major impact on disparities. Conclusions. Many mayors, and some health commissioners, are unaware of the potential of city policies to reduce health disparities. Ideology is strongly associated with opinions about disparities among these city policymakers. Public Health Implications: Information about health disparities, and policy strategies to reduce them, needs to be more effectively communicated to city policymakers.
Long-Term Effects of the Communities That Care Trial on Substance Use, Antisocial Behavior, and Violence Through Age 21 Years
Authors: Oesterle Sabrina , Kuklinski Margaret R. , Hawkins J. David , Skinner Martie L. , Guttmannova Katarina , Rhew Isaac C. 
Published: March 2018

Objectives. To evaluate whether the effects of the Communities That Care (CTC) prevention system, implemented in early adolescence to promote positive youth development and reduce health-risking behavior, endured through age 21 years. Methods. We analyzed 9 waves of prospective data collected between 2004 and 2014 from a panel of 4407 participants (grade 5 through age 21 years) in the community-randomized trial of the CTC system in Colorado, Illinois, Kansas, Maine, Oregon, Utah, and Washington State. We used multilevel models to evaluate intervention effects on sustained abstinence, lifetime incidence, and prevalence of past-year substance use, antisocial behavior, and violence. Results. The CTC system increased the likelihood of sustained abstinence from gateway drug use by 49% and antisocial behavior by 18%, and reduced lifetime incidence of violence by 11% through age 21 years. In male participants, the CTC system also increased the likelihood of sustained abstinence from tobacco use by 30% and marijuana use by 24%, and reduced lifetime incidence of inhalant use by 18%. No intervention effects were found on past-year prevalence of these behaviors. Conclusions. Implementation of the CTC prevention system in adolescence reduced lifetime incidence of health-risking behaviors into young adulthood. Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT01088542.
Undiagnosed HIV and HCV Infection in a New York City Emergency Department, 2015
Authors: Torian Lucia V. , Felsen Uriel R. , Xia Qiang , Laraque Fabienne , Rude Eric J. , Rose Herbert , Cole Adam , Bocour Angelica , Williams Gary J. , Bridgforth Robert F. , Forgione Lisa A. , Doo Howard , Braunstein Sarah L. , Daskalakis Demetre C. , Zingman Barry S. 
Published: March 2018

Objectives. To measure undiagnosed HIV and HCV in a New York City emergency department (ED). Methods. We conducted a blinded cross-sectional serosurvey with remnant serum from specimens originally drawn for clinical indications in the ED. Serum was deduplicated and matched to (1) the hospital’s electronic medical record and (2) the New York City HIV and HCV surveillance registries for evidence of previous diagnosis before being deidentified and tested for HIV and HCV. Results. The overall prevalence of HIV was 5.0% (250/4990; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 4.4%, 5.7%); the prevalence of undiagnosed HIV was 0.2% (12/4990; 95% CI = 0.1%, 0.4%); and the proportion of undiagnosed HIV was 4.8% (12/250; 95% CI = 2.5%, 8.2%). The overall prevalence of HCV (HCV RNA ≥ 15 international units per milliliter) was 3.9% (196/4989; 95% CI = 2.8%, 5.1%); the prevalence of undiagnosed HCV was 0.8% (38/4989; 95% CI = 0.3%, 1.3%); and the proportion of undiagnosed HCV was 19.2% (38/196; 95% CI = 11.4%, 27.0%). Conclusions. Undiagnosed HCV was more prevalent than undiagnosed HIV in this population, suggesting that aggressive testing initiatives similar to those directed toward HIV should be mounted to improve HCV diagnosis.
Impact of New York City’s 2014 Increased Minimum Legal Purchase Age on Youth Tobacco Use
Authors: Macinko James , Silver Diana 
Published: March 2018

Objectives. To assess the impact of New York City’s (NYC’s) 2014 increase of the minimum legal purchase age (MLPA) for tobacco and e-cigarettes from 18 to 21 years. Methods. We performed a difference-in-differences analysis comparing NYC to the rest of New York State by using repeated cross-sections of the New York Youth Tobacco Survey (2008–2016) and to 4 Florida cities by using the Youth Risk Behavior Surveys (2007–2015). Results. Adolescent tobacco use declined slightly in NYC after the policy change. However, this rate of change was even larger in control locations. In NYC, e-cigarette use increased and reported purchases of loose cigarettes remained unchanged, suggesting uneven policy implementation, enforcement, or compliance. Conclusions. Increasing the MLPA to 21 years in NYC did not accelerate reductions in youth tobacco use any more rapidly than declines observed in comparison sites. Public Health Implications. Other cities and states currently raising their MLPA for tobacco may need to pay close attention to policy enforcement and conduct enhanced monitoring of retailer compliance to achieve the full benefits of the policy.
Implications of the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act for Public Health
Authors: Glied Sherry 
Published: March 2018

The recently passed Tax Cuts and Jobs Act will reduce total federal revenues by about 4% between 2018 and 2027. The law makes multiple changes to the taxation of individuals and corporations. It also repeals the Affordable Care Act’s (ACA’s) individual mandate penalties, which will erase some of the gains in insurance coverage achieved since implementation of the ACA’s coverage expansions. The resulting increases in rates of uninsurance will likely lead to increased uncompensated care and deflect hospitals and health departments from addressing other prevention and public health needs. In addition, the law is expected to lead to substantial increases in the federal debt and, consequently, to calls for reductions in spending on entitlement programs, particularly Medicare, and on discretionary programs, including public health. Many other provisions of the law could also have second-order effects on public health.
Distinguishing Rice Genotypes using Morphological, Agronomical,
Authors: Susanto Untung , Rohmah Nofi Anisatun , Mejaya Made Jana 
Published: March 2018

<p align="LEFT">Complete data on characteristics of a rice variety is very important to race the authenticity of the variety at the field. Sometimes a name of a variety had changed, due to the informal seed distribution among farmers. This could become problem in the property right of the variety. Distinguishing among rice varieties using only morphological and agronomical traits are sometimes not sufficient. Currently, molecular markers such as SSR (Simple Sequence Repeats) and SNP (Single Nucleotide Polymorphism) markers have become available and are powerfull to distinguish rice genotypes. This research was aimed to distinguish nine rice varieties grown by farmers, using morphological characters (47 traits), agronomical characters (9 traits), SSR markers (12 primer pairs, related with important traits of rice plant), and 384 SNP markers, and to compare the effectiveness of each technique in distinguishing among genotypes. A field experiment was conducted in Ranca Jaya village, Patok Beusi, Subang, West Java during Wet Season (WS) of 2011/2012, using a Randomized Complete Block Design in three replications. A modified CTAB method was used to extract DNA for detection using 12 SSR markers and 384 SNP markers. The results revealed that the use of SSR markers that were linked to certain genes was more accurate than that of the SNP markers, agronomic, and morphological characters, in distinguishing differences among the 9 rice genotypes. The complete data of morphologic, agronomic, and molecular are useful to distinguish the authenticity of a variety in order to protect the intelectual property right attached on the variety.</p>
Identifikasi Varietas Padi Menggunakan Pengolahan Citra Digital dan Analisis Diskriminan
Authors: Adnan Adnan , Widiastuti Mira Landep , Wahyuni Sri 
Published: March 2018

<p>Identification of the authenticity of variety is important in order to ensure the purly of rice variety. Variety identification based on visual traits is a common technique, but it is difficult to be applied when ones encounter almost similar varieties. An alternative technique is using the image processing analysis combined with the discriminant analysis. The research objectives were: (1) to develop the geometrical, shape and textural description of rice varieties (Ciherang, Inpari 10 and Inpari 13) generated based on the image process properties, (2) to determine selective geometry, shape and texture variables, and (3) to identify rice variety using discriminant analysis. Digital image of rice grains was captured by a scanner, then was quantified by image process application in order to generate geometry, shape and texture data. Discriminant model was built using 5 of 17 input variables that have strong discriminant power. Discriminant model represented<br />85.9% of the data variability. The model accuracy based on the cross validation method for Ciherang, Inpari 10 dan Inpari 13 varieties was 53.6%, 52.8% dan 76.0%, respectively. Image process technology and discriminant analysis has a potential as a technique for identifying rice variety based on the seed physical criteria. Further works need to be done in order to increase the accuracy of the model.</p>
DEVELOPING ISLAMIC BANKING PERFORMANCE MEASURES BASED ON MAQASID AL-SHARI’AH FRAMEWORK: CASES OF 24 SELECTED BANKS
Authors: Omar Mohammed Mustafa , Md Taib Fauziah 
Published: March 2018

Islamic banking has achieved remarkable growth that has surpassed the growth of the conventional banking system. Yet, studies show that the performances of Islamic banks (IBs) seem to be trailing behind the conventional banks (CBs). Is the poor performance of IBs the result of mismatch between their objectives and their performance measurement criteria or it is a reflection of their true performances? The objectives of Islamic banking had not been formally addressed. Mustafa and Taib (2009) derived the objectives of Islamic banking from Abu Zahara’s theory of the objectives of Shari’ah (Maqasid al-Shari’ah) and, based on these Shari’ah objectives, developed a model of Islamic banking performance measures. They named it as Performance Measures based on Maqasid al-Shari’ah framework or the PMMS model. This paper has tested the PMMS model on a sample 24 banks (12 IBs and 12 CBs). The twenty four banks were also evaluated using the traditional conventional financial measures. Mann-Whitney U-Test results show IBs faring well in their performances when measured using the PMMS model than when they are measured using the conventional banking performance yardstick. Policy prescriptions and recommendations for further studies are provided at the concluding section of the paper. Key words: Maqasid al-shari’ah, operationalization, PMMS Model, Simple Additive Weighting (SAW), Mann-Whitney U-Test.JEL Classification: A13, B59, C02, C6, C12, C19, C42, C43, G21, M21, P46, P47, P49