bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implications of Allee effects for fisheries management in a changing climate: evidence from Atlantic cod
Authors: Winter Anna‐Marie , Richter Andries , Eikeset Anne Maria 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThere are concerns that increasing anthropogenic stressors can cause catastrophic transitions in ecosystems. Such shifts have large social, economic, and ecological consequences and therefore have important management implications. A potential mechanism behind these regime shifts is the Allee effect, which describes the decline in realized per capita growth rate at small population density. With an age‐structured population model for Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua, we illustrate how interactions between human‐induced stressors, such as fishing and climate change, can worsen the impact of an Allee effect on populations by promoting hysteresis. Therefore, the risk of population collapse and recovery failure is exacerbated and the success of preventing and reverting collapse depends on the climate regime. We find that, in presence of the Allee effect, a fishing moratorium is only sufficient for recovery when sea surface temperature rise remains within 2°C and fishing is restricted within 10 yrs. If sea surface temperature rises beyond 2°C, even immediate banning of fishing is not sufficient to guarantee recovery. If fishing is not fully banned and a residual fishing pressure remains, the probability of recovery is further decreased, also in the absence of an Allee effect. The results underscore the decisive role of Allee effects for the management of depleted populations in an increasingly human‐dominated world. Once the population collapses and its growth rate is suppressed, rebuilding measures will be squandered and collapse will very likely be irreversible. We therefore emphasize the need for proactive management involving precautionary, adaptive measures and reference points. Our studies shows that climate change has the potential to strengthen Allee effects, which could increasingly challenge fisheries management.
Developing consensus on the definition of remission and recovery for research
Authors: Wade Tracey D. , Lock James 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe current research investigated whether a consensus among professional eating disorder researchers existed for definitions of remission and recovery that could be used in research.MethodMembership of the Eating Disorder Research Society and attendees at the 2018 annual meeting in Sydney were invited to participate in this investigation. Two surveys were conducted with 62 and 122 respondents, respectively. The first survey used a mix of forced choice yes/no or scaled responses. The second survey was a free response to the question “which definitions of recovery do you favor?”ResultsA majority consensus emerged about three issues. First, it was agreed that it was important to develop a standard definition of recovery for research purposes. Second, recovery needed to be evident over a 12‐month period, with remission evident over a 3‐ to 12‐month period. Third, recovery and remission required the absence of diagnostic criteria in addition to the presence of functional recovery.DiscussionConsensus is apparent in the field. We suggest that future research seeks to: (a) validate the most commonly researched definition of remission and recovery across different eating disorders using a standardized battery of assessments, and (b) better understand differences in self‐assessed and psychometrically assessed recovery.
Analysis of the volatile compounds associated with pickling of ginger using headspace gas chromatography ‐ ion mobility spectrometry
Authors: Li Xiao , Cui Wenjia , Wang Wenliang , Wang Yueming , Gong Zhiqing , Xu Zhixiang 
Published: August 2019

AbstractPickled ginger is a popular traditional Chinese pickled food. Analysis of the volatile compounds in pickled ginger is critical for guiding production, achieving a high level of sensory quality, and maintaining a healthy diet. Ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) with gas chromatography (GC) offers a fast, sensitive, and efficient tool for detecting volatile compounds. Herein, the headspace GC‐IMS method was used to detect the volatile flavour compounds produced during the pickling of ginger. The ion mobility data were continuously processed using the principal component analysis (PCA) and fingerprint chart methods. Based on the analysis of fresh ginger, pickled ginger, and soy sauce, two main components accounted for 58% and 27% of the total variance. During pickling, the heptanal and heptanone contents decreased, while the contents of butanal, butanone, and methional increased, as determined from the GC‐IMS fingerprint, resulting in changes in the flavour of the pickled ginger. The GC‐IMS method was efficient, convenient, and useful for the detection of volatile flavour compounds produced during the ginger pickling process.
Development and optimization of processing techniques for intermediate moisture muskmelon chunks
Authors: Din Ahmad , Nadeem Muhammad , Saeed Farhan , Ahmad Muhammad Haseeb , Tufail Tabussam , Bader Ul Ain Huma , Mushtaq Zarina , Hussain Shahzad , Anjum Faqir Muhammad 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMuskmelon (Cucumis melo) fruit is a best source of vitamins, minerals, and bioactive components. Ingestion of high sugary drinks leads to numerous ailments such as diabetes mellitus, obesity, and tooth decay. This study intended at formulation of intermediate moisture food with various combinations of sugar and glycerol and same levels of potassium metabisulphite, potassium sorbate, calcium chloride, and citric acid. It was observed a gradual decrease in TSS (56.53–53.28), vitamin C level in all treatments with the passage of time. The declining trend in ascorbic acid (25.49–21.63 mg/100 g) content of muskmelon chunks was increased as a function of storage. Sensory results showed that there was declining trend in the scores obtained for color parameter, that is, L* from 60.23 to 55.98. The overall results showed that combination of different additives contributed best values (T3) for flavor (7.70), taste (8.15), vitamin C (25.60 mg/100 g), and pH (5.16) as compared to other treatments. Conclusively, developed chunks of treatment 3 are physicochemical and organoleptically considered best, as it is helpful to sustain life stability of muskmelon and enhance its marketability.
Detection of CSF1 rearrangements deleting the 3′ UTR in tenosynovial giant cell tumors
Authors: Ho Julie , Peters Thomas , Dickson Brendan C. , Swanson David , Fernandez Anita , Frova‐Seguin Aurelie , Valentin Marie‐Anne , Schramm Ursula , Sultan Marc , Nielsen Torsten O. , Demicco Elizabeth G. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractTenosynovial giant cell tumors (TGCTs) are characterized by rearrangements of CSF1, thought to drive overexpression of macrophage colony‐stimulating factor (CSF1), thereby promoting tumor growth and recruitment of non‐neoplastic mononuclear and multinucleated inflammatory cells. While fusions to collagen promoters have been described, the mechanism of CSF1 overexpression has been unclear in a majority of cases. Two cohorts of TGCT were investigated for CSF1 rearrangements using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and either RNA‐seq or DNA‐seq with Sanger validation. The study comprised 39 patients, including 13 localized TGCT, 21 diffuse TGCT, and five of unspecified type. CSF1 rearrangements were identified by FISH in 30 cases: 13 translocations, 17 3′ deletions. Sequencing confirmed CSF1 breakpoints in 28 cases; in all 28 the breakpoint was found to be downstream of exon 5, replacing or deleting a long 3′ UTR containing known miRNA and AU‐rich element negative regulatory sequences. We also confirmed the presence of CBL exon 8‐9 mutations in six of 21 cases. In conclusion, TGCT in our large cohort were characterized by variable alterations, all of which led to truncation of the 3′ end of CSF1, instead of the COL6A3‐CSF1 fusions previously reported in some TGCTs. The diversity of fusion partners but consistent integrity of CSF1 functional domains encoded by exons 1‐5 support a hypothesis that CSF1 overexpression results from transcription of a truncated form of CSF1 lacking 3′ negative regulatory sequences. The presence of CBL mutations affecting the linker and RING finger domain suggests an alternative mechanism for increased CSF1/CSF1R signaling in some cases.
Transoral robotic thyroidectomy on two human cadavers using the Intuitive da Vinci single port robotic surgical system and CO2 insufflation: Preclinical feasibility study
Authors: Park Dawon , Shaear Mohammad , Chen Yu‐Hsien , Russell Jonathon O. , Kim Hoon Yub , Tufano Ralph P. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundTransoral vestibular approach endoscopic thyroidectomy has gained popularity worldwide because it avoids a cutaneous incision. Some surgeons have expressed reservations about operating with only 2 instruments in the endoscopic technique, and some therefore utilize an axillary incision as an adjunct to facilitate dissection. The Intuitive da Vinci single port robotic system offers the potential to overcome this limitation without an axillary incision.MethodsIn this study, the Intuitive da Vinci single port robotic surgical system was used to perform transoral thyroidectomy on 2 human cadavers.ResultsA total thyroidectomy was performed in 2 cadavers using the da Vinci single port (SP) robot via transoral vestibular technique. The dissections were performed with removal of the thyroid gland and preservation of the recurrent laryngeal nerves and parathyroid glands.ConclusionIn our evaluation, transoral vestibular approach robotic thyroidectomy using the Intuitive da Vinci SP system facilitated dissection without the need for an axillary incision.
Rural‐urban disparity in risk exposure to involuntary social health insurance transition in China: An investigation of chronic disease patients' mental health problems
Authors: Li Jiannan , Yuan Bocong 
Published: August 2019

SummaryChronic disease patients have long suffered from mental health problems because of the long‐lasting and costly treatments. Although the multilevel social health insurance system in China attempts to provide them with full‐fledged health insurance coverage, the increasing prevalence of gig economy unexpectedly disrupts this situation. As the social health insurance system in China is closely associated with employment status, unemployed rural‐to‐urban migrant workers/regular urban workers have to accept the transition from urban employee basic medical insurance (UEBMI) to new cooperative medical scheme (NCMS)/urban resident basic medical insurance (URBMI). This study investigates the influence of this involuntary health insurance transition on the mental health of chronic disease patients. Empirical results show that the experience of transition from UEBMI to NCMS would significantly deteriorate the mental health of chronic disease patients, while the transition from UEBMI to URBMI would not. Accordingly, chronically ill rural‐to‐urban migrant workers are vulnerable to the involuntary health insurance transition that further deteriorates their mental health, and the multilevel social health insurance system in China cannot cope well with the emerging phenomenon of frequent employment change in labor market.
Hot isostatic pressure treatment of 3D printed Ti6Al4V alters surface modifications and cellular response
Authors: Berger Michael B. , Jacobs Thomas W. , Boyan Barbara D. , Schwartz Zvi 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAdditive manufacturing can be used to create personalized orthopedic and dental implants with varying geometries and porosities meant to mimic morphological properties of bone. These qualities can alleviate stress shielding and increase osseointegration through bone ingrowth, but at the expense of reduced fatigue properties compared to machined implants, and potential for loose build particle erosion. Hot isostatic pressure (HIP) treatment is used to increase fatigue resistance; implant surface treatments like grit‐blasting and acid‐etching create microroughness and reduce the presence of loose particles. However, it is not known how HIP treatment affects surface treatments and osseointegration of the implant to bone. We manufactured two titanium–aluminum–vanadium constructs, one with simple through‐and‐through porosity and one possessing complex trabecular bone‐like porosity. We observed HIP treatment varied in effect and was dependent on architecture. Micro/meso/nano surface properties generated by grit‐blasting and acid‐etching were altered on biomimetic HIP‐treated constructs. Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were cultured on constructs fabricated +/− HIP and subsequently surface‐treated. MSCs were sensitive to 3D‐architecture, exhibiting greater osteogenic differentiation on constructs with complex trabecular bone‐like porosity. HIP‐treatment did not alter the osteogenic response of MSCs to these constructs. Thus, HIP may provide mechanical and biological advantages during implant osseointegration and function.
Protective effect of vanillic acid against benzo(a)pyrene induced lung cancer in Swiss albino mice
Authors: Velli Sathesh kanna , Sundaram Jagan , Murugan Manikandan , Balaraman Gopalakrishnan , Thiruvengadam Devaki 
Published: August 2019

AbstractVanillic acid (VA) is found in high concentrations in various plants and used as traditional medicine for various diseases. The aim of the existing study is to illustrate the protective effects of VA against benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P)‐induced lung cancer in Swiss albino mice. B(a)P (50 mg/kg b.wt.) was given orally to induce lung cancer in mice. The body weight, tumor incidence, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), neuron‐specific enolase (NSE), and enzymatic/nonenzymatic antioxidants (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione) were estimated. Further histochemical investigation through hematoxylin and eosin staining was also carried out. B(a)P administered groups showed increased levels of serum pathological markers CEA, NSE along with reduced final body weight as well as decreased tissue enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants activities, whereas VA treatment (200mg/kg/b.wt) along with B(a)P showed significantly reverted the above changes, which proves as prominent anticancer effects in experimentally induced lung cancer. Overall, these results suggest that VA has an efficient preventive action against B(a)P‐induced lung cancer, and this is attributed to its free‐radical scavenging antioxidant activities.
Palliative effect of curcumin on doxorubicin‐induced testicular damage in male rats
Authors: Aksu Emrah Hicazi , Kandemir Fatih Mehmet , Yıldırım Serkan , Küçükler Sefa , Dörtbudak Muhammed Baheeddin , Çağlayan Cüneyt , Benzer Fulya 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the effect of curcumin (CUR) on doxorubicin (DOX)‐induced testicular damage in male rats. Thirty‐five adult male Wistar rats were used. Control group was received saline for 7 days. CUR group received CUR for 7 days. DOX group received single dose DOX on the 5th day. DOX+ CUR‐100 group received 100 mg/kg/day CUR for 7 days and DOX injection on the 5th day. DOX + CUR‐200 group received 200 mg/kg/day CUR for 7 days and DOX injection on the 5th day. DOX treatment decreased in sperm motility rate, live sperm percentages, cellular antioxidants, and increased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, necrosis, degenerations, and slimming in seminiferous tubules, and DNA damages in testes by inducing oxidative stress. CUR treatment mitigated significantly these side effects when compared with DOX group in a dose‐dependent manner. In conclusion, CUR treatment can be used in the mitigation of DOX‐induced testicular toxicity.
ADSCs inhibit photoaging‐ and photocarcinogenesis‐related inflammatory responses and extracellular matrix degradation
Authors: Gong Meihua , Zhai Xu , Yu Li , Li Chunyang , Ma Xu , Shen Qi , Han Yubo , Yang Daping 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundSkin is a dynamic organ that maintains homeostasis and provides protection against environmental stimuli and pathogens. However, constant solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation can induce photoaging and photocarcinogenesis, thus reducing skin barrier function by altering skin at the cellular and structural levels. Adipose‐derived stem cells (ADSCs) ameliorate signs of skin photoaging, but their antiphotoaging mechanism remains elusive. In this study, we explored the mechanism by which ADSCs improve skin photoaging.MethodsFemale C57BL/6J mice were used as experimental subjects and were randomly divided into three groups. We used Western blot analysis, Real time‐polymerase chain reaction, and immunofluorescence to analyze the expression of photoaging‐ and photocarcinogenesis‐related inflammasomes, extracellular matrix components, and related factors.ResultsThe results showed that ADSCs reduced the UVB irradiation‐mediated increase in MMP2, MMP13, phospho‐NF‐κB p65, Nlrp3, and VCAM‐1 mRNA expression. The TGF‐β2 expression trend was opposite that of the above genes. ADSCs ameliorated the downregulation of α6 integrin, CD34, and collagen I by UVB irradiation. Simultaneously, ADSCs reduced the overexpression of COX2 and TNF‐α induced by UVB irradiation.ConclusionThese results demonstrated that ADSCs could restore skin barrier function at the cellular and structural levels, enhance hair follicle stem cell (HFSCs) activity by regulating TGF‐β2 and inhibit photoaging‐ and photocarcinogenesis‐related inflammatory responses and extracellular matrix degradation.
A longitudinal study testing the role of psychache in the association between emotional abuse and suicidal ideation
Authors: Li Xiaoan , You Jianing , Ren Yaxuan , Zhou Jiazhi , Sun Ruohan , Liu Xiaoliu , Leung Freedom 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjectiveResearch suggests that emotional abuse is associated with adolescent suicidal ideation. But how they are related is still unclear. The present study tested the temporal relationship between emotional abuse and suicidal ideation, with psychache as the potential mediator. We also examined the reciprocal relationship between psychache and suicidal ideation.MethodA number of 2,259 Chinese high school students (53.8% females, mean age = 15.11, SD = 1.57) in Hong Kong completed questionnaires assessing emotional abuse, psychache, and suicidal ideation three times at 6‐month intervals.ResultsThe results supported the mediating effect of psychache in the path from emotional abuse to suicidal ideation. In addition, psychache and suicidal ideation were related reciprocally over time.ConclusionThe findings of this study may help researchers and practitioners understand the pathways by which emotional abuse impacts adolescent suicidal ideation. Implications for preventions and interventions of suicidal ideation were discussed.
Randomized controlled trial of a web‐based Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) program to promote mental health in university students
Authors: Viskovich Shelley , Pakenham Kenneth Ian 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjectiveThis study evaluated a 4‐week web‐based Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) mental health promotion intervention for university students.MethodParticipants were randomized to intervention (n = 596) or waitlist control (n = 566). Assessment of primary outcomes (depression, anxiety, stress, well‐being, self‐compassion, life satisfaction, and academic performance) and ACT processes (acceptance, cognitive fusion, education values, valued living, and present moment awareness) occurred at pre‐ and post‐intervention and 12‐week follow‐up for intervention participants, and the same pre–post interval for waitlist control participants.ResultsAnalyses showed significant improvements from pre‐ to post‐intervention compared with waitlist control on all primary outcomes and ACT processes. All intervention gains were maintained at follow‐up. Improvements on all primary outcomes were mediated by three or more ACT processes in both samples. Intervention effects were consistent across both sample groupings.ConclusionFindings provide support for a web‐based ACT mental health promotion intervention for university students.
The minority strengths model: Development and initial path analytic validation in racially/ethnically diverse LGBTQ individuals
Authors: Perrin Paul B. , Sutter Megan E. , Trujillo Michael A. , Henry Richard S. , Pugh Mickeal 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe minority stress model and much research based upon it tend to adopt and reinforce a deficit‐based approach. This study created and initially validated the minority strengths model, which by contrast outlines how personal and collective strengths in minority populations create resilience and positive mental and physical health.Materials and MethodA sample of 317 lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer individuals from diverse racial/ethnic backgrounds completed a national online survey.ResultsA minority strengths path model was generated with statistically significant paths and good fit indices, including all possible significant indirect effects. The model explained 16.8% of the variance in identity pride, 19.7% in self‐esteem, 32.9% in resilience, 41.6% in mental health, and 13.0% in positive health behaviors.ConclusionsThe minority strengths model holds promise to stimulate research on the personal and collective strengths of minority populations and the ways in which strengths generate resilience and positive mental and physical health.
Production of hydrogen and carbon nanotubes via catalytic thermo‐chemical conversion of plastic waste: review
Authors: Sharma Snigdha S , Batra Vidya S 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDPlastic waste has been growing at an alarming rate with dissatisfactory recycling rates. It has a potential to be used for the recovery of hydrogen and carbon nanotubes due to its intrinsic properties.RESULTSThermo‐chemical processes may be used to tap into the recovery of these resources from the wastes. Catalysts can be employed to increase the gaseous yield and to optimize the process parameters. Hydrogen production is greatly influenced by the catalyst properties, temperature, steam and feedstock. Similarly, the carbon deposits formed are influenced by many factors such as type of metal catalyst used and metal–support interaction. This review focuses on studies employing catalytic thermo‐chemical processes for extracting hydrogen and carbon nano structures from plastic wastes while evaluating the role of parameters such as temperature, catalyst type, catalyst composition, steam/feed ratio, feed rate, feedstock and their effect on the product yields.CONCLUSIONIn view of increasing concerns regarding waste management, climate change and energy security the possibility of employing waste products for producing clean energy in a sustainable manner is appealing and needs additional fundamental research. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry