bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lessons learned from a successful industrial product service system business model: emphasis on financial aspects
Authors: Oliveira Maicon Gouvêa de , Mendes Glauco Henrique de Sousa , Albuquerque Andrei Aparecido de , Rozenfeld Henrique 
Published: February 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to identify the elements of the product-service system (PSS) business model of a Brazilian company that has been running it for almost 50 years. It describes the PSS business model and gives special attention to the financial aspects of PSS implementation and to contingent factors of this emerging country.

Design/methodology/approach
The research is based on a single case study. Data have been collected through interviews and document analysis. Results and implications are obtained using Canvas framework to structure information and comparison between theory and practice.

Findings
Results described in this paper show that the PSS design and implementation can be strongly influenced by financial and contingent factors. This case indicates that the implementation of PSS business models can follow diverse paths and configurations to fit with companies’ organizational features, local regulations and economic factors, including mixed transactional models and less demanding financial assessments.

Originality/value
This paper provides a roadmap of lessons learned from a multinational manufacturer that has been following the PSS business model for almost 50 years. This paper offers key insights concerning financial aspects and contingency factors that might influence servitization adoption.
Emotion regulation – natural reward strategy linkage and its impact on sales performance: the mediating impact of salesmanship skills
Authors: Singh Ramendra , Singh Rakesh Kumar , Banerji Diptiman 
Published: February 2018

Purpose
In the context of an emerging market, this paper empirically investigates the direct as well as the indirect impact of natural reward strategies (NRS) on the sales performance of B2B sales force. It also investigates the mediating impact of salesmanship skills on the NRS–sales performance linkage.

Design/methodology/approach
Structural equation modeling (using AMOS 18 software) is used to analyze the data collected, using a survey questionnaire from a sample of 317 B2B salespersons of a single media firm in India.

Findings
Results indicate that NRS are influenced primarily by a salesperson’s emotion regulation abilities, while salesmanship skills partially mediate in the NRS–performance relationship.

Research limitations/implications
The study results are based on convenience sampling, which may limit the theoretical generalization of the results across all emerging markets.

Originality/value
It is one of the earliest studies in the B2B sales literature that integrates multiple theoretical perspectives from job-demands-resources theory, self-regulation theory, motivation and skills theory and social cognitive theory. These theories have been synthesized; then they have been used to develop and test the impact of emotional regulation on NRS components of self-leadership among salespersons, and its subsequent direct impact on sales performance, as well as mediating impact via salesmanship skills.
How resource alignment moderates the relationship between environmental innovation strategy and green innovation performance
Authors: Huang Jing-Wen , Li Yong-Hui 
Published: February 2018

Purpose
Empirical evidences support the benefits of environmental innovation to improve performance. However, previous research has not considered the role of resource alignment in green supply chain management. To fill the research gap, this paper aims to identify resource alignment as a potential moderating mechanism and to examine the relationships between environmental innovation strategy, resource alignment and green innovation performance.

Design/methodology/approach
The empirical study uses a questionnaire approach designed to collect data. Regression analysis is used for hypotheses testing.

Findings
The findings indicate that environmental innovation strategy and resource alignment between partners are positively related to green innovation performance. This study also provides considerable support to the key contingent moderator of resource alignment. The positive effect of environmental innovation strategy on green innovation performance is stronger under the conditions of a higher level of resource alignment between partners.

Research limitations/implications
This study provides empirical support of the ecological modernization theory and integrates partner analysis literature and green management literature. Higher resource alignment may facilitate firms to develop environmental innovation strategy to attain green innovation performance.

Practical implications
Environmental innovation strategy enables firms to integrate ecological issues into their business operation. Managers could learn how to execute environmental incentive programs to promote sustainable development of green new product and green process. Managers need to pay attention to resource alignment that may have moderating influence on the performance outcomes of environmental innovation strategy.

Originality/value
This study highlights the importance of environmental innovation strategy and resource alignment in the process of green management and helps scholars and managers to better understand the moderator of resource alignment in quest of environmental innovation and green management.
ElevatedCO2concentrations reduce C4cover and decrease diversity of understorey plant community in aEucalyptuswoodland
Authors: Hasegawa Shun , Piñeiro Juan , Ochoa‐Hueso Raúl , Haigh Anthony M. , Rymer Paul D. , Barnett Kirk L. , Power Sally A. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractCompared to tree responses to elevated (e)CO2, little attention has been paid to understorey plant community responses in forest ecosystem studies, despite their critical role in nutrient cycling and the regeneration of overstorey species. Here, we present data on understorey responses from a 3‐year Free‐AirCO2Enrichment experiment in a native, phosphorus‐limitedEucalyptuswoodland in Australia (EucFACE).We conducted repeat surveys of the understorey plant community from 2012 to 2016, recording cover at the species level.Three years ofeCO2significantly decreased the diversity (Shannon‐Weaver; −30%) and species richness (−15%;c. −1 species per 4 m2plot) of graminoid species, and the cover of C4graminoids in both dominant (−38%) and subordinate (−48%) groups, relative to ambient conditions, leading to a significantly lower graminoid C4:C3ratio (−59%) in the understorey plant community. The ratio of C4:C3graminoids was negatively associated with soil nitrogen (N) availability suggesting that previously reportedeCO2‐associated increases in N availability may contribute to (or be a consequence of) shifts in the composition of the graminoid community at the study site. There was, however, no effect ofeCO2on the diversity of forb species, which represented the most species‐rich functional group but onlyc. 1% of the understorey biomass.Synthesis. Our results suggest thateCO2influences competition between C4and C3graminoid species both directly and indirectly via increasing N availability. The shift towards lower C4:C3ratios and enhanced dominance by C3species with their generally higher tissue N concentrations could further change soil nutrient availability and potentially accelerate community succession. Thus,eCO2has altered the diversity and composition of the understorey plant community in this woodland, with the potential for cascading consequences for trophic interactions and ecosystem function.
Functionally or phylogenetically distinct neighbours turn antagonism among decomposing litter species into synergy
Authors: Barbe Lou , Mony Cendrine , Jung Vincent , Santonja Mathieu , Bartish Igor , Prinzing Andreas 
Published: February 2018

AbstractPlant species coexisting in direct contact produce patches of mixed litters. Mixing litter sometimes synergistically accelerates and sometimes antagonistically decelerates litter decomposition, but we insufficiently understand why.Here, we hypothesize that antagonism or synergy within a mixed‐litter patch depends on the neighbouring litter matrix. Specifically, phylogenetical or functional dissimilarity within neighbouring litter, or among patch and neighbouring litter, may favour complementarity and thereby within‐patch synergy.From a pool of 20 grassland species, we created 120 mixed‐litter patches of two species, and exposed these patches to neighbourhoods in long‐term grassland mesocosms of different functional and phylogenetic compositions.We found 60% less (antagonism) to 80% more (synergy) decomposition than expected from single‐species litters. Functionally similar, and grass‐dominated, mixed‐litter patches decomposed most synergistically. Synergy was most strongly favoured by phylogenetic distance among neighbours and functional dissimilarity between neighbours and patch.Synthesis. Our results show that the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning was context‐dependent. We suggest that the coexistence of grasses and the formation of phylogenetically diverse, functionally distinct, patchy vegetation may be reinforced by synergistic nutrient recycling.
Green Tea Polyphenols Modulate Colonic Microbiota Diversity and Lipid Metabolism in High‐Fat Diet Treated HFA Mice
Authors: Wang Li , Zeng Benhua , Liu Zhiwei , Liao Zhenlin , Zhong Qingping , Gu Lihui , Wei Hong , Fang Xiang 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThere is an increasing interest in the effect of dietary polyphenols on the intestinal microbiota and the possible associations between this effect and the development of obesity. However, limited information is available on how these polyphenols affect the gut microbiota and lipid metabolism. The co‐action of a high‐fat diet (HFD) and tea polyphenol (TP) on gut microbiota and lipid metabolism using a human flora‐associated (HFA) C57BL/6J mice model is studied. TP reduced serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein, glucose (GLU) and insulin (INS) levels of HFD mice in a dose‐dependent manner (P < 0.01). TP also significantly increased acetic acid and butyric acid levels in HFA mice. 16S rRNA V3 region Polymerase Chain Reaction‐Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (PCR‐DGGE) profiles showed that HFD mice had significantly reduced microbial diversity. This reduction could be alleviated by TP, with a significant increase in the richness and diversity of colonic microbiota in the high‐fat diet with 0.2% TP (TPM) and high‐fat diet with 0.05% TP (TPL) groups (P < 0.05). 454 pyrosequencing analysis showed that the HFD group had a significant increase in the Bacteroidetes to Firmicutes (F/B) ratio (P < 0.001), which could effectively be reversed by TP. The results showed that the changes in composition and diversity of colonic microbiota by TP administration suppressed the host body weight and blood lipid increase in high‐fat diet HFA mice.Practical ApplicationA high fat diet significantly impacted gut microbiota composition and lipid metabolism in human flora‐associated mice, which were largely ameliorated by tea polyphenol (TP). Therefore, TPs may be effectively used in controlling or treating obesity, hyperlipidemia and other related metabolic diseases.
Overexpression of PGC‐1α in aging muscle enhances a subset of young‐like molecular patterns
Authors: Garcia Sofia , Nissanka Nadee , Mareco Edson A. , Rossi Susana , Peralta Susana , Diaz Francisca , Rotundo Richard L. , Carvalho Robson F. , Moraes Carlos T. 
Published: February 2018

SummaryPGC‐1α is a transcriptional co‐activator known as the master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis. Its control of metabolism has been suggested to exert critical influence in the aging process. We have aged mice overexpressing PGC‐1α in skeletal muscle to determine whether the transcriptional changes reflected a pattern of expression observed in younger muscle. Analyses of muscle proteins showed that Pax7 and several autophagy markers were increased. In general, the steady‐state levels of several muscle proteins resembled that of muscle from young mice. Age‐related mtDNA deletion levels were not increased by the PGC‐1α‐associated increase in mitochondrial biogenesis. Accordingly, age‐related changes in the neuromuscular junction were minimized by PGC‐1α overexpression. RNA‐Seq showed that several genes overexpressed in the aged PGC‐1α transgenic are expressed at higher levels in young when compared to aged skeletal muscle. As expected, there was increased expression of genes associated with energy metabolism but also of pathways associated with muscle integrity and regeneration. We also found that PGC‐1α overexpression had a mild but significant effect on longevity. Taken together, overexpression of PGC‐1α in aged muscle led to molecular changes that resemble the patterns observed in skeletal muscle from younger mice.
Economic Analysis of Diagnostic Imaging in Pediatric Patients With Suspected Appendicitis
Authors: Kharbanda Anupam B. , Christensen Eric W. , Dudley Nanette C. , Bajaj Lalit , Stevenson Michelle D. , Macias Charles G. , Mittal Manoj K. , Bachur Richard G. , Bennett Jonathan E. , Sinclair Kelly , McMichael Brianna , Dayan Peter S. ,   for the Pediatric Emergency Medicine Collaborative Research Committee of the American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: February 2018

AbstractObjectiveThe use of computed tomography (CT) and ultrasound (US) in patients with acute abdominal pain has substantial variation across pediatric emergency departments (EDs). This study compares the cost of diagnosing and treating suspected appendicitis across a multicenter network of children's hospitals.MethodsThis study is a secondary analysis using deidentified data of a prospective, observational study of patients with suspected appendicitis at nine pediatric EDs. The study included patients 3 to 18 years old who presented to the ED with acute abdominal pain of <96 hours’ duration.ResultsOur data set contained 2,300 cases across nine sites. There was an appendicitis rate of 31.8% and perforation rate of 25.7%. Sites correctly diagnosed appendicitis in over 95% of cases. The negative appendicitis rate ranged from 2.5% to 4.7% while the missed appendicitis rate ranged from 0.3% to 1.1% with no significant differences in these rates across site. Across sites, we found a strong positive correlation (0.95) between CT rate and total cost per case and a strong negative correlation (–0.71) between US rate and cost. The cost per case at US sites was 5.2% ($367) less than at CT sites (p < 0.001). Similarly, costs per case at mixed sites were 3.4% ($244) less than at CT sites (p < 0.001). Comparing costs among CT sites or among US sites, the cost per case generally increased as the images per case increased among both CT sites and US sites, but the costs were universally higher at CT sites.ConclusionsOur results provide support for US as the primary imaging modality for appendicitis. Sites that preferentially utilized US had lower costs per case than sites that primarily used CT. Imaging rates across sites varied due to practice patterns and resulted in a significant cost consequence without higher rates for negative appendectomies or missed appendicitis cases.
The Accuracy and Prognostic Value of Point‐of‐care Ultrasound for Nephrolithiasis in the Emergency Department: A Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis
Authors: Wong Charles , Teitge Braden , Ross Marshall , Young Paul , Robertson Helen Lee , Lang Eddy 
Published: February 2018

AbstractIntroductionPoint‐of‐care ultrasound (POCUS) has been suggested as an initial investigation in the management of renal colic. Our objectives were: 1) to determine the accuracy of POCUS for the diagnosis of nephrolithiasis and 2) to assess its prognostic value in the management of renal colic.MethodsThe review protocol was registered to the PROSPERO database (CRD42016035331). An electronic database search of MEDLINE, Embase, and PubMed was conducted utilizing subject headings, keywords, and synonyms that address our research question. Bibliographies of included studies and narrative reviews were manually examined. Studies of adult emergency department patients with renal colic symptoms were included. Any degree of hydronephrosis was considered a positive POCUS finding. Accepted criterion standards were computed tomography evidence of renal stone or hydronephrosis, direct stone visualization, or surgical findings. Screening of abstracts, quality assessment with the QUADAS‐2 instrument, and data extraction were performed by two reviewers, with discrepancies resolved by consensus with a third reviewer. Test performance was assessed by pooled sensitivity and specificity, calculated likelihood ratios, and a summary receiver operator curve (SROC). The secondary objective of prognostic value was reported as a narrative summary.ResultsThe electronic search yielded 627 unique titles. After relevance screening, 26 papers underwent full‐text review, and nine articles met all inclusion criteria. Of these, five high‐quality studies (N = 1,773) were included in the meta‐analysis for diagnostic accuracy and the remaining yielded data on prognostic value. The pooled results for sensitivity and specificity were 70.2% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 67.1%–73.2%) and 75.4% (95% CI = 72.5%–78.2%), respectively. The calculated positive and negative likelihood ratios were 2.85 and 0.39. The SROC generated did not show evidence of a threshold effect. Two of the studies in the meta‐analysis found that the finding of moderate or greater hydronephrosis yielded a specificity of 94.4% (95% CI = 92.7%–95.8%). Four studies examining prognostic value noted a higher likelihood of a large stone when positive POCUS findings were present. The largest randomized trial showed lower cumulative radiation exposure and no increase in adverse events in those who received POCUS investigation as the initial renal colic investigation.ConclusionPoint‐of‐care ultrasound has modest diagnostic accuracy for diagnosing nephrolithiasis. The finding of moderate or severe hydronephrosis is highly specific for the presence of any stone, and the presence of any hydronephrosis is suggestive of a larger (>5 mm) stone in those presenting with renal colic.
Financial well‐being of older Australians with multiple health conditions
Authors: Temple Jeromey B , Williams Ruth 
Published: February 2018

ObjectiveGiven recent rises in out‐of‐pocket health expenses, we examined the financial well‐being of older Australians with multiple health conditions and disabilities.MethodsThe 2014 General Social Survey was used to measure the: (i) current financial position; (ii) propensity to experience financial difficulties; and (iii) types of behaviours older people with multiple health conditions engage in to improve financial resilience.ResultsCompared to older Australians with no health conditions, respondents with multiple health conditions had lower incomes and assets and a higher propensity to hold consumer debt (once controls were included). They were at a higher risk of cash flow difficulties, dissaving to meet day‐to‐day living expenses and exclusion from financial providers. However, the majority of people with multiple health conditions engaged in financially resilient behaviours.ConclusionMany older Australians with multiple health conditions were in a financially precarious situation with implications for the ability to afford ongoing increases in out‐of‐pocket health‐care costs.
Herpes simplex virus type 2 IgG antibodies in sera of umbilical cord as a proxy for placental infection in asymptomatic pregnant women
Authors: Finger‐Jardim Fabiana , Avila Emiliana Claro , da Hora Vanusa Pousada , Santos Paula Costa dos , Gonçalves Carla Vitola , Mor Gil , de Martinez Ana Maria Barral , Soares Marcelo Alves 
Published: February 2018

ProblemHerpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV‐2) infection is one of the most prevalent diseases worldwide and is mainly sexually transmitted. When infecting pregnant women, HSV‐2 is able to infect the placenta, can reach the fetus, and may affect the fetal development. We sought to determine the prevalence of HSV‐2 infection and reactivation in asymptomatic pregnant women, the correlation between IgG in the maternal circulation and cord blood, and the correlation between circulating IgG, placental, and newborn infection (blood cord).Method of studySerum samples and placental tissues from pregnant women and umbilical cord blood samples from their newborns were collected. Anti‐HSV‐2 antibodies were identified by ELISA, and HSV‐2 DNA was detected by nested PCR.ResultsThe seropositivity of IgG in pregnant women was 29.7% and IgM was detected in 1 woman (0.5%). In the umbilical cord of newborns, 33.1% were IgG‐positive and IgM was detected in 2 samples (1.5%). A positive correlation between HSV‐2 IgG titers in serum from pregnant women and cord blood samples was found (r = .36, P = .001). A difference between the positive and negative placental groups (maternal side) was found in titers of IgG in sera of umbilical cord, which were significantly higher in the positive placental group (P = .004).ConclusionWe describe for the first time that newborns from mothers with HSV‐2 placental infection have higher IgG titers in sera of umbilical cord, suggesting IgGs antibodies can be indicative of placental viral infection in asymptomatic women.
PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS IN EUROPE FOR BUILDING AND MANAGING PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURES: AN ECONOMIC PERSPECTIVE
Authors: IOSSA Elisabetta , SAUSSIER Stéphane 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACTPublic–private partnerships (PPPs) are long‐term contractual agreements between the public and private sector for the provision of public infrastructures and services. Due to tighter budget constraints and to a renewed interest in greater involvement of the private sector in the provision of public services, PPPs are likely to grow in the near future. In this paper, we review the theory and practice of PPPs, highlighting their potential role as well as discussing the main factors influencing the likelihood of performance failure.
Development of a nomogram for the estimation of long‐term adherence to clozapine therapy using neutrophil fluorescence
Authors: Man W. H. , Pérez‐Pitarch A. , Wilting I. , Heerdink E. R. , van Solinge W. W. , Egberts A. C. G. , Huitema A. D. R. 
Published: February 2018

AimsPreviously, we have reported an association between clozapine use and elevated FL3 neutrophil fluorescence, a flow‐cytometric parameter for cell viability. Here, we developed and evaluated a pharmacokinetic–pharmacodynamic model relating FL3‐fluorescence to clozapine exposure and derived a nomogram for estimation of long‐term adherence.MethodsData from 27 patients initiating clozapine were analysed using nonlinear mixed effects modelling. A previously described pharmacokinetic model for clozapine was coupled to a FL3 fluorescence model. For this, an effect compartment with clozapine concentrations as input and a first order decay rate as output was linked with an Emax model to FL3‐fluorescence. FL3‐fluorescence was simulated for clozapine doses of 50, 150 and 400 mg daily (n = 10 000) to establish the nomogram. Finally, true simulated adherence (% of daily doses taken over 100 days) was compared to nomogram‐estimated adherence to evaluate the performance of the nomogram.ResultsThe half‐life of FL3‐fluorescence was estimated at 228 h (coefficient of variation 35%). Median absolute prediction errors of the nomogram in case of fully random adherence for 50, 150 and 400 mg ranged from –0.193% to –0.525%. The nomogram performed slightly worse in case of nonrandom adherence (median prediction error up to 5.19%), but was still clinically acceptable. Compliance patterns containing longer drug holidays revealed that the nomogram adequately estimates compliance over approximately the last 3 weeks prior to FL3‐measurement.ConclusionOur nomogram could provide information regarding long‐term adherence based on prescribed clozapine dose and FL3‐fluorescence. Future studies should further explore the clinical value of this biomarker and nomogram.