bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Attenuated Glial Reactivity on Topographically Functionalized Poly(3,4‐Ethylenedioxythiophene):P‐Toluene Sulfonate (PEDOT:PTS) Neuroelectrodes Fabricated by Microimprint Lithography
Authors: Vallejo‐Giraldo Catalina , Krukiewicz Katarzyna , Calaresu Ivo , Zhu Jingyuan , Palma Matteo , Fernandez‐Yague Marc , McDowell BenjaminW. , Peixoto Nathalia , Farid Nazar , O'Connor Gerard , Ballerini Laura , Pandit Abhay , Biggs Manus Jonathan Paul 
Published: June 2018

AbstractFollowing implantation, neuroelectrode functionality is susceptible to deterioration via reactive host cell response and glial scar‐induced encapsulation. Within the neuroengineering community, there is a consensus that the induction of selective adhesion and regulated cellular interaction at the tissue–electrode interface can significantly enhance device interfacing and functionality in vivo. In particular, topographical modification holds promise for the development of functionalized neural interfaces to mediate initial cell adhesion and the subsequent evolution of gliosis, minimizing the onset of a proinflammatory glial phenotype, to provide long‐term stability. Herein, a low‐temperature microimprint‐lithography technique for the development of micro‐topographically functionalized neuroelectrode interfaces in electrodeposited poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):p‐toluene sulfonate (PEDOT:PTS) is described and assessed in vitro. Platinum (Pt) microelectrodes are subjected to electrodeposition of a PEDOT:PTS microcoating, which is subsequently topographically functionalized with an ordered array of micropits, inducing a significant reduction in electrode electrical impedance and an increase in charge storage capacity. Furthermore, topographically functionalized electrodes reduce the adhesion of reactive astrocytes in vitro, evident from morphological changes in cell area, focal adhesion formation, and the synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokine factors. This study contributes to the understanding of gliosis in complex primary mixed cell cultures, and describes the role of micro‐topographically modified neural interfaces in the development of stable microelectrode interfaces.
Dynamic Bayesian Cluster Analysis of Live‐Cell Single Molecule Localization Microscopy Datasets
Authors: Griffié Juliette , Burn Garth L. , Williamson David J. , Peters Ruby , Rubin‐Delanchy Patrick , Owen Dylan M. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractUntil recently, single‐molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) was constrained to the study of fixed cells, limiting analysis to the structural characterization of cell anatomy. The extension of SMLM to live‐cell imaging enables the dynamic visualization of molecular organization, paving the way for more functional studies. If associated with novel quantification tools such as presented here, it has the potential to provide a unique insight into cellular machinery at the nanoscale. While cluster analysis for conventional SMLM data sets is relatively well established, the extension of SMLM to live‐cell imaging lacks the required analytical tools. Here, a Bayesian‐based cluster analysis strategy is presented for live‐cell SMLM that allows the dynamics of nanoscale molecular clusters to be analyzed for the first time, generating functional information otherwise lost in fixed cell studies. The method is validated on simulations as well as on experimental data sets derived from naive CD4+ T‐cell synapses.
Platinum in Chemistry: An Adventure from Phosphorescent Materials to Catalytic C−H Functionalization
Authors: Huo Shouquan 
Published: June 2018

AbstractPlatinum is a precious and versatile metal and has played important roles in various fields of chemistry ranging from functional materials to anticancer drugs and catalysis. This account highlights an adventurous journey of platinum from promoting phosphorescence to catalyzing a C−H functionalization reaction, or you may consider it our research adventure from phosphorescent materials to catalysis. Interestingly, this journey is driven by a series of “bad” reactions, and of course more importantly by our curiosity about the “bad” reactions. This review will introduce to you a few classes of phosphorescent materials based on tridentate and tetradentate cycloplatinated complexes and related material design strategies, a classical example of thermodynamic and kinetic control of reactions and related platinum‐mediated competing sp2/sp3 C−H activation reactions, an unprecedented regiospecific acylation of cycloplatinated complexes, and a unique platinum‐catalyzed oxidant‐ and additive‐free C−H acylation reaction.
Live‐Cell Imaging of DNA Methylation Based on Synthetic‐Molecule/Protein Hybrid Probe
Authors: Kumar Naresh , Hori Yuichiro , Kikuchi Kazuya 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe epigenetic modification of DNA involves the conversion of cytosine to 5‐methylcytosine, also known as DNA methylation. DNA methylation is important in modulating gene expression and thus, regulating genome and cellular functions. Recent studies have shown that aberrations in DNA methylation are associated with various epigenetic disorders or diseases including cancer. This stimulates great interest in the development of methods that can detect and visualize DNA methylation. For instance, fluorescent proteins (FPs) in conjugation with methyl‐CpG‐binding domain (MBD) have been employed for live‐cell imaging of DNA methylation. However, the FP‐based approach showed fluorescence signals for both the DNA‐bound and ‐unbound states and thus differentiation between these states is difficult. Synthetic‐molecule/protein hybrid probes can provide an alternative to overcome this restriction. In this article, we discuss the synthetic‐molecule/protein hybrid probe that we developed recently for live‐cell imaging of DNA methylation, which exhibited fluorescence enhancement only after binding to methylated DNA.
Life Narratives as a Pedagogy for Cultivating Critical Self‐Reflection
Authors: Kelly Bridget Turner , Bhangal Naseeb K. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThis chapter provides a framework for using life narratives as a powerful pedagogy to move youth from simple reflection to critical self‐reflection. This increases learner agency, generates counter‐narratives that challenge dominant norms, and increases learners’ awareness of positionality.
Cultivating Critical Hope: The Too Often Forgotten Dimension of Critical Leadership Development
Authors: Bishundat Devita , Phillip Daviree Velázquez , Gore Willie 
Published: June 2018

AbstractAdopting critical approaches draws into question how we see the world and renders visible social stratification and inequity. Coming to understand these realities can contribute to pessimism, disillusionment, or retreat from engaging in the work of leadership for social change. This chapter offers tools to aid educators with purposefully cultivating critical hope.
Marginal quality of ceramic inlays after three different instrumental cavity preparation methods of the proximal boxes
Authors: Naumova Ella A. , Schiml Fabian , Arnold Wolfgang H. , Piwowarczyk Andree 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Objectives
The marginal quality of ceramic inlays was evaluated after the use of three different instrumental finishing methods in mesio-occluso-distal (mod) cavity boxes in vitro after hydrothermal loading (HTL).

Materials and methods
Caries-free human molars were divided into three groups. Mod-cavities were conventionally prepared. Box finishing was performed in every group with rotating (RI), sonic (SI), or ultrasonic (USI) instruments. Surface roughness was examined. Twelve mod-cavities remained untreated. Continuous margin quality was evaluated with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Ceramic inlays were cemented into cavities. After HTL microleakage, marginal and absolute marginal gaps were examined. All data were analyzed statistically.

Results
Significant differences were found, between cavity surface roughness of RI and SI groups, the RI and USI groups, but not between microleakage, marginal, absolute marginal gaps after HTL and in proximal marginal quality. No correlations between microleakage and marginal gaps nor between microleakage and surface roughness were found.

Conclusion
Mod-cavity proximal box finishing with SI or USI resulted in a higher surface roughness than the use of RI. The type of the finishing method did not influence the marginal quality of ceramic inlays. For the mod-cavity finishing, the use of SI and USI could be an alternative instrumental method to conventional RI methods with a lower risk of iatrogenic damage of the adjacent teeth.

Clinical relevance
This study allows the practitioner to better determine the proper indications and limitations of the sonic and ultrasonic instruments for mod-cavity proximal box finishing.
Reducing Wait Time for Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment: Impact of a Multidisciplinary, Centralized Referral Program
Authors: Common Jessica L. , Mariathas Hensley H. , Parsons Kaylah , Greenland Jonathan D. , Harris Scott , Bhatia Rick , Byrne Suzanne C. 
Published: June 2018

Background A multidisciplinary, centralized referral program was established at our institution in 2014 to reduce delays in lung cancer diagnosis and treatment following diagnostic imaging observed with the traditional, primary care provider–led referral process. The main objectives of this retrospective cohort study were to determine if referral to a Thoracic Triage Panel (TTP): 1) expedites lung cancer diagnosis and treatment initiation; and 2) leads to more appropriate specialist consultation. Methods Patients with a diagnosis of lung cancer and initial diagnostic imaging between March 1, 2015, and February 29, 2016, at a Memorial University–affiliated tertiary care centre in St John's, Newfoundland, were identified and grouped according to whether they were referred to the TTP or managed through a traditional referral process. Wait times (in days) from first abnormal imaging to biopsy and treatment initiation were recorded. Statistical analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test. Results A total of 133 patients who met inclusion criteria were identified. Seventy-nine patients were referred to the TTP and 54 were managed by traditional means. There was a statistically significant reduction in median wait times for patients referred to the TTP. Wait time from first abnormal imaging to biopsy decreased from 61.5 to 36.0 days ( P < .0001). Wait time from first abnormal imaging to treatment initiation decreased from 118.0 to 80.0 days ( P < .001). The percentage of specialist consultations that led to treatment was also greater for patients referred to the TTP. Conclusions A collaborative, centralized intake and referral program helps to reduce wait time for diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer.
AN ECONOMIC RISK ANALYSIS OF WEED-SUPPRESSIVE RICE CULTIVARS IN CONVENTIONAL RICE PRODUCTION
Authors: WATKINS K. BRADLEY , GEALY DAVID R. , ANDERS MERLE M. , MANE RANJITSINH U. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractWeed-suppressive rice cultivars have the potential to reduce heavy reliance on synthetic herbicides in rice production. However, the economics of using weed-suppressive rice cultivars in conventional rice systems have not been fully evaluated. This study uses simulation and stochastic efficiency with respect to a function to rank weed-suppressive and weed-nonsuppressive rice cultivars under alternative herbicide intensity levels based on their certainty equivalents mapped across increasing levels of absolute risk aversion. The results indicate risk-averse rice producers would prefer to grow weed-suppressive cultivars using less herbicide inputs than what would be used to grow weed-nonsuppressive rice cultivars.
Analytical modelling of the expansion of a solid obstacle interacting with a radiative shock
Authors: Michel Th. , Falize E. , Albertazzi B. , Rigon G. , Sakawa Y. , Sano T. , Shimogawara H. , Kumar R. , Morita T. , Michaut C. , Casner A. , Barroso P. , Mabey P. , Kuramitsu Y. , Laffite S. , Van Box Som L. , Gregori G. , Kodama R. , Ozaki N. , Tzeferacos P. , Lamb D. , Koenig M. 
Published: June 2018

In this paper, we present a model characterizing the interaction of a radiative shock (RS) with a solid material, as described in a recent paper (Koenig et al., Phys. Plasmas, 24, 082707 (2017)), the new model is then related to recent experiments performed on the GEKKO XII laser facility. The RS generated in a xenon gas cell propagates towards a solid obstacle that is ablated by radiation coming from the shock front and the radiative precursor, mimicking processes occurring in astrophysical phenomena. The model presented here calculates the dynamics of the obstacle expansion, which depends on several parameters, notably the geometry and the temperature of the shock. All parameters required for the model have been obtained from experiments. Good agreement between experimental data and the model is found when spherical geometry is taken into account. As a consequence, this model is a useful and easy tool to infer parameters from experimental data (such as the shock temperature), and also to design future experiments.
Investigating the function of prehistoric stone bowls and griddle stones in the Aleutian Islands by lipid residue analysis
Authors: Admiraal Marjolein , Lucquin Alexandre , von Tersch Matthew , Jordan Peter D. , Craig Oliver E. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe earliest durable cooking technologies found in Alaska are stone bowls and griddle stones recovered from the Aleutian Islands. This article aims to identify the function of these artefacts. Molecular and chemical analyses of carbonised residues found on their surfaces confirm that these artefacts were used to process marine resources. Both artefacts have high lipid content and C:N ratios, suggesting they were used to process oily substances. Stable isotope results of individual lipids suggest that they were used to process different sets of resources within the aquatic spectrum as griddle stones have slightly more 13C-depleted lipids than stone bowls, possibly indicating more variable use. Integration of these results with archaeological and ethnographic data leads us to infer that griddle stones were used for cooking a diversity of aquatic resources, possibly with the addition of plant foods, whereas stone bowls were specifically used to render marine mammal fats. We further hypothesize that a sudden peak in stone bowl frequencies at 4000–3000 cal yr BP was connected to a Neoglacial cold spell bringing sea ice conditions to the Aleutian Islands. This may have led to new subsistence strategies in which the rendering of marine mammal fats played a central role.
Global glacier dynamics during 100 ka Pleistocene glacial cycles
Authors: Hughes Philip D. , Gibbard Philip L. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIce volume during the last ten 100 ka glacial cycles was driven by solar radiation flux in the Northern Hemisphere. Early minima in solar radiation combined with critical levels of atmospheric CO2drove initial glacier expansion. Glacial cycles between Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 24 and MIS 13, whilst at 100 ka periodicity, were irregular in amplitude, and the shift to the largest amplitude 100 ka glacial cycles occurred after MIS 16. Mountain glaciers in the mid-latitudes and Asia reached their maximum extents early in glacial cycles, then retreated as global climate became increasingly arid. In contrast, larger ice masses close to maritime moisture sources continued to build up and dominated global glacial maxima reflected in marine isotope and sea-level records. The effect of this pattern of glaciation on the state of the global atmosphere is evident in dust records from Antarctic ice cores, where pronounced double peaks in dust flux occur in all of the last eight glacial cycles. Glacier growth is strongly modulated by variations in solar radiation, especially in glacial inceptions. This external control accounts for ~50–60% of ice volume change through glacial cycles. Internal global glacier–climate dynamics account for the rest of the change, which is controlled by the geographic distributions of glaciers.
Dietary polyphenol intake and their major food sources in the Mexican Teachers’ Cohort
Authors: Zamora-Ros Raul , Biessy Carine , Rothwell Joseph A. , Monge Adriana , Lajous Martin , Scalbert Augustin , López-Ridaura Ruy , Romieu Isabelle 
Published: June 2018

AbstractSeveral descriptive studies on the intake of polyphenols, mostly flavonoids, have been published, especially in Europe and the USA, but insufficient data are still available in Latin-American countries, where different types of foods are consumed and different dietary habits are observed. The goal of this cross-sectional study was to estimate dietary intakes of polyphenols, including grand total, total per classes and subclasses and individual compounds, and to identify their main food sources in Mexican women. The Mexican Teachers’ Cohort includes 115 315 female teachers, 25 years and older, from twelve states of Mexico, including urban and rural areas. Dietary data were collected in the period 2008–2011 using a validated FFQ, and individual polyphenol intake was estimated using food composition data from the Phenol-Explorer database. Median total polyphenol intake was the highest in Baja California (750 mg/d) and the lowest in Yucatan (536 mg/d). The main polyphenols consumed were phenolic acids (56·3–68·5 % total polyphenols), followed by flavonoids (28·8–40·9 %). Intake of other polyphenol subclasses (stilbenes, lignans and others) was insignificant. Coffee and fruits were the most important food sources of phenolic acids and flavonoids, respectively. Intake of a total of 287 different individual polyphenols could be estimated, of which forty-two were consumed in an amount ≥1 mg/d. The most largely consumed polyphenols were several caffeoylquinic acids (ranging from 20 and 460 mg/d), ferulic acid, hesperidin and proanthocyanidins. This study shows a large heterogeneity in intakes of individual polyphenols among Mexican women, but a moderate heterogeneity across Mexican states. Main food sources were also similar in the different states.
TRANSGRESSIVE SEGREGATION, HETEROSIS AND HERITABILITY FOR YIELD-RELATED TRAITS IN A SEGREGATING POPULATION OF PISUM SATIVUM L.
Authors: GUINDON M. FERNANDA , MARTIN EUGENIA , CRAVERO VANINA , COINTRY ENRIQUE 
Published: June 2018

SUMMARYPea is a self-pollinated, diploid (2n = 14), annual crop produced worldwide for human consumption and animal feed. The exploitation of maximum genetic potential from available pea resources implies the knowledge of genetic parameters of yield components. Hence, the present study was conducted in a cross between two pea varieties, namely DDR14 and Explorer, its F2 progeny and F3 families to find out transgressive segregants and to determine the magnitude of narrow sense heritability and heterosis. The high narrow sense heritability values obtained indicated that rapid gain could be achieved through selection for the different traits; however, the presence of genotype x environment interaction could limit the correspondence of these estimated values with the observed ones. The selection of lines through their phenotypic values is influenced by environmental and error effects. Best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP) was used for the prediction of genotypic values using morphological data from different years, allowing the correction for environmental effects. These estimates were used for genetic analysis of the traits. Heterosis was observed for number of pods (27.1%) and number of seeds (23.3%), characters that have a direct effect on yield. The cross also showed high frequency of transgressive segregation for these characters in F3 generation (15.5% and 13.6%, respectively). There were 12.73% families transgressive for two or more characters, with genotypic values of 49.82–64.41 for number of pods and 153.75–189.59 for seed number. The crossing between Explorer and DDR14 provided a base for the selection of superior progeny.
The Determinants of Environmental Migrants' Conflict Perception
Authors: Koubi Vally , Böhmelt Tobias , Spilker Gabriele , Schaffer Lena 
Published: June 2018

AbstractMigration is likely to be a key factor linking climate change and conflict. However, our understanding of the factors behind and consequences of migration is surprisingly limited. We take this shortcoming as a motivation for our research and study the relationship between environmental migration and conflict at the micro level. In particular, we focus on environmental migrants' conflictperceptions. We contend that variation in migrants' conflict perception can be explained by the type of environmental event people experienced in their former home, whether gradual, and long-term or sudden-onset, short-term environmental changes. We develop this argument before quantitatively analyzing newly collected micro-level data on intra-state migration from five developing countries. The results emphasize that migrants who experienced gradual, long-term environmental events in their former homes are more likely to perceive conflict in their new location than those having experienced sudden, short-term environmental events. These findings are in line with our theoretical argument that environmental migrants who suffer from environmentally induced grievances are ultimately more likely toperceiveconflict and challenges in their new locations.
At-risk studies and clinical antecedents of psychosis, bipolar disorder and depression: a scoping review in the context of clinical staging
Authors: Hartmann Jessica A , Nelson Barnaby , Ratheesh Aswin , Treen Devi , McGorry Patrick D 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIdentifying young people at risk of developing serious mental illness and identifying predictors of onset of illness has been a focus of psychiatric prediction research, particularly in the field of psychosis. Work in this area has facilitated the adoption of the clinical staging model of early clinical phenotypes, ranging from at-risk mental states to chronic and severe mental illness. It has been a topic of debate if these staging models should be conceptualised as disorder-specific or transdiagnostic. In order to inform this debate and facilitate cross-diagnostic discourse, the present scoping review provides a broad overview of the body of literature of (a) longitudinal at-risk approaches and (b) identified antecedents of (homotypic) illness progression across three major mental disorders [psychosis, bipolar disorder (BD) and depression], and places these in the context of clinical staging. Stage 0 at-risk conceptualisations (i.e. familial high-risk approaches) were identified in all three disorders. However, formalised stage 1b conceptualisations (i.e. ultra-high-risk approaches) were only present in psychosis and marginally in BD. The presence of non-specific and overlapping antecedents in the three disorders may support a general staging model, at least in the early stages of severe psychotic or mood disorders.