bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and complete genome of bovine norovirus with novel VP1 genotype in calves in China
Authors: Wang Yuelin , Yue Hua , Tang Cheng 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBovine norovirus (BNoV) is a diarrhea-causing pathogen of calves. In this study, 211 diarrheic fecal samples were collected from 25 farms across six provinces in China, between November 2017 and September 2018. 20.4% of the samples were detected as BNoV-positive by RT-PCR. Phylogenetic analyses based on RdRp, VP1, and VP2 fragments revealed these BNoV strains had unique evolutionary characteristics. The complete genome of strain Bo/BET–17/18/CH was successfully sequenced. It was 7321 nucleotides (nt) in length, shared 79.4–80.9% nt identity with all five BNoV genomes, clustered on a separate branch of the phylogenetic tree, suggesting that strain Bo/BET–17/18/CH could represent a novel BNoV strain. Two interesting characteristics were found in the genome: (i) the VP1 sequence differed greatly from known BNoV VP1 sequences; (ii) a recombination event is predicted within the ORF1–ORF2 overlap. Moreover 16.3% (7/43) of the BNoV were identified as the novel VP1 genotype, which were distributed on four farms across two provinces, indicating that the novel VP1 genotype strain has spread. To our knowledge, this is first description of the molecular and genomic characteristics of BNoV in China. These findings extend our understanding of the genetic evolution and epidemics of BNoV.
An anti-inflammatory phenotype in visceral adipose tissue of old lean mice, augmented by exercise
Authors: Ziegler A. K. , Damgaard A. , Mackey A. L. , Schjerling P. , Magnusson P. , Olesen A. T. , Kjaer M. , Scheele C. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractVisceral adipose tissue is an immunogenic tissue, which turns detrimental during obesity by activation of proinflammatory macrophages. During aging, chronic inflammation increases proportional to visceral adipose tissue (VAT) mass and associates with escalating morbidity and mortality. Here, we utilize a mouse model to investigate the inflammatory status of visceral adipose tissue in lean aging mice and assess the effects of exercise training interventions. We randomized adult (11 months; n = 21) and old (23 months; n = 27) mice to resistance training (RT) or endurance training (ET), or to a sedentary control group (S). Strikingly, we observed an anti-inflammatory phenotype in the old mice, consisting of higher accumulation of M2 macrophages and IL-10 expression, compared to the adult mice. In concordance, old mice also had less VAT mass and smaller adipocytes compared to adult mice. In both age groups, exercise training enhanced the anti-inflammatory phenotype and increased PGC1-α mRNA expression. Intriguingly, the brown adipose tissue marker UCP1 was modestly higher in old mice, while remained unchanged by the intervention. In conclusion, in the absence of obesity, visceral adipose tissue possesses a pronounced anti-inflammatory phenotype during aging which is further enhanced by exercise.
ShadowR: a novel chromoprotein with reduced non-specific binding and improved expression in living cells
Authors: Murakoshi Hideji , Horiuchi Hiroshi , Kosugi Takahiro , Onda Maki , Sato Aiko , Koga Nobuyasu , Nabekura Junichi 
Published: August 2019

AbstractHere we developed an orange light-absorbing chromoprotein named ShadowR as a novel acceptor for performing fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy-based Förster resonance energy transfer (FLIM-FRET) measurement in living cells. ShadowR was generated by replacing hydrophobic amino acids located at the surface of the chromoprotein Ultramarine with hydrophilic amino acids in order to reduce non-specific interactions with cytosolic proteins. Similar to Ultramarine, ShadowR shows high absorption capacity and no fluorescence. However, it exhibits reduced non-specific binding to cytosolic proteins and is highly expressed in HeLa cells. Using tandem constructs and a LOVTRAP system, we showed that ShadowR can be used as a FRET acceptor in combination with donor mRuby2 or mScarlet in HeLa cells. Thus, ShadowR is a useful, novel FLIM-FRET acceptor.
HPO-Shuffle: an associated gene prioritization strategy and its application in drug repurposing for the treatment of canine epilepsy
Authors: Wang Shuguang , Meng Xiangyu , Wang Yuxing , Liu Yemao , Xia Jingbo 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder that affects mammalian species including human beings and dogs. In order to discover novel drugs for the treatment of canine epilepsy, multiomics data were analyzed to identify epilepsy associated genes. In this research, the original ranking of associated genes was obtained by two high-throughput bioinformatics experiments: Genome Wide Association Study (GWAS) and microarray analysis. The association ranking of genes was enhanced by a re-ranking system, HPO-Shuffle, which integrated information from GWAS, microarray analysis and Human Phenotype Ontology database for further downstream analysis. After applying HPO-Shuffle, the association ranking of epilepsy genes were improved. Afterward, a weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) led to a set of gene modules, which hinted a clear relevance between the high ranked genes and the target disease. Finally, WGCNA and connectivity map (CMap) analysis were performed on the integrated dataset to discover a potential drug list, in which a well-known anticonvulsant phensuximide was included.
Subjective Communication Difficulties in Very Mild Aphasia
Authors: Cavanaugh Robert , Haley Katarina L. 
Published: August 2019

Purpose
In comparison to the large literature on moderate to severe aphasia, very little is known about aphasia of the mildest severity and whether intervention may be warranted. The purpose of this pilot study was to characterize challenges experienced by people who have recovered to the point that they score normally on aphasia batteries yet report they continue to have aphasia.

Method

Five people with aphasia who scored above the Western Aphasia Battery–Aphasia Quotient (
Kertesz, 2007
) cutoff for aphasia participated in a semistructured interview. A descriptive qualitative design was used to analyze subjective descriptions of difficulties in everyday communication situations within a framework for living with aphasia.

Results
Participants reported salient communication difficulties, reduced social participation, difficulties returning to work, a continual need to concentrate when engaging in language tasks, and a keen awareness of persisting impairments.

Conclusion
People with very mild aphasia experience salient language difficulties, and these difficulties have an adverse effect on multiple domains of living successfully with aphasia. Further investigation toward better methods of assessment and intervention is warranted.
The origin of R CrA variability
Authors: Sissa E. , Gratton R. , Alcalà J. M. , Desidera S. , Messina S. , Mesa D. , D’Orazi V. , Rigliaco E. 
Published: August 2019

Context. R CrA is the brightest member of the Coronet star-forming region and is the closest Herbig AeBe star with a spectrum dominated by emission lines. Its luminosity has been monitored since the end of the nineteenth century, but the origin of its variability, which shows a stable period of 65.767 ± 0.007 days, is still unknown.
Aims. We studied photometric and spectroscopic data for this star to investigate the nature of the variability of R CrA.
Methods. We exploited the fact that the near-infrared luminosity of the Herbig AeBe stars is roughly proportional to the total luminosity of the stars to derive the absorption, and then mass and age of R CrA. In addition, we modeled the periodic modulation of the light curve as due to partial attenuation of a central binary by a circumbinary disk. This model reproduces the observations very well.
Results. We found that the central object in R CrA is a very young (1.5 ± 1.5 Myr) highly absorbed (AV = 5.47 ± 0.4 mag) binary; we obtain masses of MA = 3.02 ± 0.43 M⊙ and MB = 2.32 ± 0.35 M⊙ for the two components. We propose that the secular decrease of the apparent luminosity of R CrA is due to a progressive increase of the disk absorption. This might be related to precession of a slightly inclined disk caused by the recently discovered M-dwarf companion. This means that R CrA might be a triple system hosting a disk.
Kindliche Skoliosen
Authors: Bach Christian 
Published: August 2019

ZusammenfassungBei der Skoliose handelt es sich um eine dreidimensionale Deformität der Wirbelsäule. Bei 80 % der Skoliosen ist die Ursache nicht bekannt und sie werden daher als idiopathisch bezeichnet. Bei den sekundären Skoliosen (20 %) ist die Ursache bekannt. In diese Gruppe fallen auch die kongenitalen und neuromuskulären Skoliosen. Bei Patienten mit idiopathischer Skoliose wird die OP-Indikation üblicherweise ab einem Cobb-Winkel von 45 – 50° gestellt. Die gängigste OP-Technik ist die dorsale Skoliosenkorrektur mit segmentalen Pedikelschrauben zur Maximierung der Stabilität und des Korrekturpotentials, wobei die Techniken der Translation und Derotation angewandt werden. Grundsätzlich sollte bei allen Deformitätenbehandlungen das Spinal Cord Monitoring eingesetzt werden (sensibel und motorisch evozierte Potenziale), um neurologische Störungen bereits frühzeitig intraoperativ erkennen zu können. Eine besondere Herausforderung stellen die Patienten mit early onset Skoliosen dar, da bei diesen Patienten keine definitive Fusion erfolgen darf. Bei dieser Patientengruppe geht es darum zu korrigieren, aber nicht zu fusionieren und lediglich das Wachstum zu lenken (inneres Mieder). Der Einsatz von magnetischen Wachstumsstäben ermöglicht ein weiteres Längenwachstum der Patienten wobei die Nachstellungen ambulant, perkutan und schmerzlos ohne Narkose durchgeführt werden können. Bei Patienten mit kongenitalen Skoliosen ist die Behandlung oft schon sehr früh im Wachstum nötig, wobei man versucht die kongenitale Deformität direkt zu entfernen. Bei Patienten mit starkem Progress der Skoliose (insbesondere bei unsegmented bar) muss die korrigierende Operation schon sehr früh, ab einem Alter von 2 Jahren durchgeführt werden. Diese Operationen sind deutlich anspruchsvoller als die Behandlung von adoleszenten Skoliosen, da Lagerung, Narkoseführung und Instrumentation aufgrund der geringen Größe und des geringen Gewichtes der Patienten schwieriger sind. Bei neuromuskulären Skoliosen besteht das Ziel, die Wirbelsäule wieder ins Lot zu bekommen, wobei das C7-Lot über die Mitte des Sakrums gebracht wird und ein eventueller Beckenschiefstand ausgeglichen werden sollte. Das Ziel der Operation ist die Verbesserung der Lebensqualität und der Sitzfähigkeit.
Perceived Benefits and Barriers Regarding CSII Treatment: Development and Psychometric Evaluation of the Insulin Pump Attitudes Questionnaire (IPA-Questionnaire)
Authors: Bergis Dominik , Roos Timm , Ehrmann Dominic , Schmitt Andreas , Schipfer Melanie , Haak Thomas , Kulzer Bernhard , Hermanns Norbert 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion is the most advanced and demanding form of insulin therapy. Various positive and negative expectations, attitudes and experiences can occur, influencing adherence to and efficacy of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion therapy. A new questionnaire was developed to systematically assess perceived benefits, perceived barriers and handling of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion therapy.
Methods The Insulin Pump Attitude Questionnaire was tested in two samples (n=265/452) comprising pump users and non-pump users. Reliability was assessed using Cronbach’s Alpha estimation. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted to establish the factorial structure. Correlations with other questionnaires as well as group differences between pump users and non-pump users were used to assess validity.
Results Exploratory factor analysis revealed 26 items comprising six subscales: “Glycaemic Control”, “Flexibility”, “Impaired Body Image”, “Technology Dependency”, “Ease Of Use” and “Functionality”. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed this factor structure. The IPA sum score correlated significantly with diabetes distress (r=−0.30), self-efficacy (r=0.22), diabetes empowerment (r=0.36), psychological well-being (r=0.16) and treatment dissatisfaction (r=−0.24), supporting criterion validity with small to medium effect sizes. Furthermore, the IPA was able to differentiate between pump users and non-pump users with higher scores for pump users regarding “Glycaemic Control”, “Flexibility”, “Ease of use” and “Functionality” and lower scores for pump users regarding “Impaired Body Image” and “Technology Dependency”.
Conclusions The Insulin Pump Attitude Questionnaire is a reliable and valid new instrument to assess attitudes towards continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion. With six scales, the Insulin Pump Attitude Questionnaire provides a comprehensive analysis of possible benefits, barriers, and handling problems of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion therapy. In clinical practice, the Insulin Pump Attitude Questionnaire might be used to address the different attitudes in pump users but also in people considering continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion therapy.
Diagnostic accuracy of Bilateral Inferior Petrosal Sinus Sampling: The Experience of a Tertiary Centre
Authors: Pereira Catarina A. , Ferreira Lia , Amaral Cláudia , Alves Viriato , Xavier João , Ribeiro Isabel , Cardoso Helena 
Published: August 2019

AbstractPurpose To assess the accuracy of bilateral inferior petrosal sinus sampling both in the differential diagnosis of adrenocorticotrophic hormone dependent Cushing’s syndrome and predicting the localization on the pituitary.Methods The authors evaluated all patients that undergone bilateral inferior petrosal sinus sampling in a tertiary centre, between January 1995 and March 2018. The probable diagnosis of Cushing’s disease was made when the basal central/peripheral gradient was>2 and/or>3 after stimulation with corticotrophin releasing hormone. The localization was suggested when the inter-sinus gradient was>1.4. The results obtained were compared with the post operatory results: compatible histology and positive immunohistochemistry to adrenocorticotrophic hormone and/or the presence of criteria of cure. Sensitivity, specificity and predictive positive value were calculated.Results A total of 49 patients were evaluated (75.5% female; mean age 45.4±16.3 years old). Bilateral inferior petrosal sinus sampling was compatible with Cushing’s disease in 27 out of 28 confirmed cases in histology or by criteria of cure, and was compatible with ectopic secretion in the 2 cases confirmed as ectopic secretion of adrenocorticotrophic hormone (sensitivity 96.4%; specificity 100%). The lateralization calculated was concordant with the results after surgery in 17 out of 27 patients with Cushing’s disease – predictive positive value of 63%. Magnetic resonance had a higher predictive value to lateralization – 70.0%.Conclusions Bilateral inferior petrosal sinus sampling is a safe and reliable procedure to diagnose Cushing’s disease, with great sensitivity and specificity. Nevertheless, the capacity of this procedure to lateralize the lesion inside the pituitary is limited.
Minimally Invasive Stabilization Using Screws and Cement for Pelvic Metastases: Technical Considerations for the Pelvic “Screw and Glue” Technique
Authors: Lea William B. , Neilson John C. , King David M. , Tutton Sean M. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMetastatic disease involving the pelvis is common, often resulting in significant pain and disability. Several percutaneous interventions for unstable pelvic metastatic disease have been described, including osteoplasty, ablation, and screw fixation, that when used alone or in combination can significantly reduce pain and disability from metastatic bone disease. While it is possible to make a significant impact in patient care with basic principles and techniques, certain advanced techniques can extend the application of percutaneous interventions while minimizing morbidity.
Necrotizing Enterocolitis: State of the Art in Translating Experimental Research to the Bedside
Authors: Ganji Niloofar , Li Bo , Lee Carol , Filler Rachel , Pierro Agostino 
Published: August 2019

AbstractNecrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating intestinal disease that continues to have high morbidity and mortality among preterm neonates, despite medical advancements in neonatology and neonatal care. To investigate the pathogenesis of the disease and explore novel form of treatment, a variety of experimental models of NEC have been developed and used by various investigators. These experimental models range from in vitro evaluation of intestinal epithelial cells and intestinal organoids to in vivo models of the disease in neonatal mice, rats, and piglets. Most recently, human-derived intestinal organoids have also been developed and investigated. In this review, we will briefly discuss these experimental models and the contributions that they have made to our understanding of NEC. We will also point to the ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) model of intestinal injury which has been used as an indirect model of NEC by some investigators. Advancements in laboratory research into this devastating disease have continued to expand our knowledge on the pathogenesis and prevention of NEC as well as the effectiveness of therapeutic options for management of this severe disease.
Anorectal Malformation: State of the Art in Translating Experimental Research to the Bedside
Authors: Martins José Luiz , Macedo Maurício , Montero Edna Frasson de Souza 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe embryology of anorectal malformation (ARM) is a controversial issue. The study in humans is difficult due to the scarcity of fetuses with this anomaly. Therefore, ARM animal models, naturally obtained or induced by drugs, have been employed to understand physiopathology and possible treatments. Pigs, rabbits, rats, and mice have been employed as animal models. Additionally, many drugs have been used with this purpose: Etretinate, Ethylenethiourea, and Adriamycin. The animal more frequently used is the rat because of good reproducibility, low cost, and easy handling. Pig is a good model, but it is expensive, and difficult to handling and lodging. Concerning the drugs, Adriamycin promotes a more severe ARM compared with Ethylenethiourea. The models of ARM are of value in the understanding of the embryologic development. Nowadays, researches are aimed at identifying the molecular mechanism of this process, providing the basis for the application of tissue engineering in future experiments with ARM.
Moving Beyond Traditional Understandings of Evidence-Based Practice: A Total Evidence and Knowledge Approach (TEKA) to Treatment Evaluation and Clinical Decision Making in Speech-Language Pathology
Authors: McCurtin Arlene , Murphy Carol-Anne , Roddam Hazel 
Published: August 2019

AbstractEvidence-based practice (EBP) is a well-established framework for supporting clinical decision making in the discipline of speech-language pathology. The benefits of using evidence to inform clinical practice are acknowledged by clinicians and researchers alike. Even so, after over two decades of EBP advocacy, much clinical uncertainty remains and models supporting the evaluation of interventions require review and reconsideration. The EBP model, while promoting positive principles, can be argued to be conceptually flawed because it suffers from a lack of attention to and explicit valuing of other forms of knowledge crucial to the formation of realistic and judiciously informed decisions. We propose that the evaluation of interventions would be better supported by an explicit knowledge management approach reflecting a range of evidence and knowledge. One worked example is presented to demonstrate what using such an approach can produce in terms of intervention information.
Self-assembled interface monolayers for organic and hybrid electronics
Authors: Sizov Alexey S. , Agina Elena V. , Ponomarenko Sergey A. 
Published: August 2019

The state of the art in the field of self-assembled organic interface monolayers widely used in organic and hybrid electronics is analyzed and the results obtained are summarized. Recent advances in full and local substrate modification using interface layers are considered in detail. Examples of the most successful applications of interface monolayers as monolayer dielectrics, modifiers of the work function and adhesion promoters are given. The advantages of utilizing interface monolayers at semiconductor/dielectric interfaces and for modifying the semiconductor surface are demonstrated. Specific features of formation of nanostructured surfaces including those used in biosensoric applications are outlined.
The bibliography includes 139 references.
Antisymmetric paramodular forms of weight 3
Authors: Gritsenko V. A. , Wang H. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The problem of the construction of antisymmetric paramodular forms of canonical weight

has been open since 1996. Any cusp form of this type determines a canonical differential form on any smooth compactification of the moduli space of Kummer surfaces associated to

-polarised abelian surfaces. In this paper, we construct the first infinite family of antisymmetric paramodular forms of weight

as automorphic Borcherds products whose first Fourier-Jacobi coefficient is a theta block.
Bibliography: 32 titles.
Optimizing robot motion for robotic ultrasound-guided radiation therapy
Authors: Schlüter Matthias , Fürweger Christoph , Schlaefer Alexander 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
An important aspect of robotic radiation therapy is active compensation of target motion. Recently, ultrasound has been proposed to obtain real-time volumetric images of abdominal organ motion. One approach to realize flexible probe placement throughout the treatment fraction is based on a robotic arm holding the ultrasound probe. However, the probe and the robot holding it may obstruct some of the beams with a potentially adverse effect on the plan quality. This can be mitigated by using a kinematically redundant robot, which allows maintaining a steady pose of the ultrasound probe while moving its elbow in order to minimize beam blocking. Ultimately, the motion of both the beam source carrying and the ultrasound probe holding robot contributes to the overall treatment time, i.e. beam delivery and robot motion. We propose an approach to optimize the motion and coordination of both robots based on a generalized traveling salesman problem. Furthermore, we study an application of the model to a prostate treatment scenario. Because the underlying optimization problem is hard, we compare results from a state-of-the-art heuristic solver and an approximation scheme with low computational effort. Our results show that integration of the robot holding the ultrasound probe is feasible with acceptable overhead in overall treatment time. For clinically realistic velocities of the robots, the overhead is less than 4% which is a small cost for the added benefit of continuous, volumetric, and non-ionizing tracking of organ motion over periodic x-ray-based tracking.