bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Insights into genomic sequence diversity of the SAG surface antigen superfamily in geographically diverse Eimeria tenella isolates
Authors: Kiang Alice Li-Wen , Loo Shu-San , Mat-Isa Mohd-Noor , Ng Chyan-Leong , Blake Damer P. , Wan Kiew-Lian 
Published: November 2024

AbstractEimeria tenella is among the protozoan parasites that cause the infectious disease coccidiosis in chickens, incurring huge economic losses to the global poultry industry. Surface antigens (EtSAGs) involved in host-parasite interaction are potential targets for control strategies. However, the occurrence of genetic diversity for EtSAGs in field populations is unknown, as is the risk of such diversity to the efficacy of EtSAG-based control approaches. Here, the extent of EtSAG genetic diversity and its implications on protein structure and function is assessed. Eighty-seven full-length EtSAG genomic sequences were identified from E. tenella genome assemblies of isolates sampled from continents including North America (United States), Europe (United Kingdom), Asia (Malaysia and Japan) and Africa (Nigeria). Limited diversity was observed in the EtSAG sequences. However, distinctive patterns of polymorphism were identified between EtSAG subfamilies, suggesting functional differences among these antigen families. Polymorphisms were sparsely distributed across isolates, with a small number of variants exclusive to specific geographical regions. These findings enhance our understanding of EtSAGs, particularly in elucidating functional differences among the antigens that could inform the development of more effective and long-lasting anticoccidial control strategies.
L’aventure enseignée ? Histoire d’une scolarisation ambivalente des Activités Physiques de Nature au prisme des articles de CO et d’Escalade de la Revue EP.S (1975–2019)
Authors: Morizur Yvon , Harel Sébastien 
Published: November 2024

L’objet de cet article est d’étudier le processus de mise en forme scolaire de deux activités associées aux Activités Physiques de Nature : la course d’orientation et l’escalade. Dans le cadre de l’Éducation Physique du second degré, elles sont les plus enseignées dans ce champ d’apprentissage. Pourtant la part de ce groupement dans les programmations reste marginale. Les conditions de scolarisation sont ambivalentes dans la mesure ou l’ancrage à la fois scolaire et social est traversé par un continuum dialectique allant du plus contrôlé au plus aventureux. La Revue EP.S constitue un révélateur permettant d’interroger ce processus de scolarisation. Par une analyse de discours des articles de CO et d’escalade, complétée par des entretiens et une ouverture vers d’autres productions écrites, les résultats caractérisent trois périodes qui traduisent les enjeux du processus de scolarisation de l’aventure enseignée. La première se situe à l’interface d’un héritage lié au plein-air et une montée de la dimension sportive dans ces activités entre 1975 et 1989. Puis de 1990 à 2004 s’ouvre une tendance à l’orthodoxie scolaire marquée par une centration sur les évaluations et les contenus disciplinaires. Enfin de 2005 à 2019, les activités sont présentées comme contributives à l’acquisition du socle commun.
Materials Sustainability in the Pharmaceutical Industry
Authors: Bhadoriya Ankita , Patil Bhakti , Vinchurkar Kuldeep , Mane Sheetal , Parambath Anilkumar 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn the pharmaceutical industry, sustainable materials development is increasingly vital. The environmental impacts of medications emerge across their entire life cycle. While the pharmaceutical industry plays a crucial role in minimizing these effects during early production stages, opportunities to reduce environmental impacts stemming from drug consumption and disposal are currently limited. The pharmaceutical industry faces growing pressure to integrate sustainable practices into its operations due to environmental concerns and regulatory requirements. Materials sustainability, focusing on the responsible use of resources and minimizing environmental impact, has emerged as a crucial aspect of this transformation. Key strategies include the adoption of green chemistry principles to reduce hazardous substances and waste generation during drug development and manufacturing processes. Biodegradable materials and eco-friendly packaging designs are increasingly favored to
mitigate the industry's impact on landfills and ecosystems. Challenges remain, including the complexity of regulatory frameworks and the need for collaborative efforts across stakeholders to achieve meaningful progress in material sustainability. This review is an attempt to present materials sustainability in the pharmaceutical industry and its pivotal shift toward environmentally responsible practices, driven by innovation, and regulation, aimed to investigate current environmental initiatives within the industry, alongside perspectives and attitudes regarding strategies to tackle environmental challenges and concerns. Sustainability in the pharmaceutical industry requires a holistic and integrated approach, involving every aspect of the business, from supply chain management to product development. By prioritizing sustainability, the industry can contribute to global climate goals while ensuring its own resilience and long-term success.
Nutritional composition of black soldier fly (Hermetia ilucens) larvae reared on vegetable wastes: effects on growth of village chickens
Authors: Ahmad Zaid , Ramiah S. K. , Jamein Eddy S. , Idrus Zulkifli , Lokman Idris H. , Amirul Faiz M. A. , Fadzlin Samad A. A. , Ghani Afifi A. A. , Zamri-Saad Mohd , Jayanegara Anuraga , Abu Hassim Hasliza 
Published: November 2024

Context Black soldier fly larvae are a promising alternative ingredient in poultry feed. They might be able to replace soybean and fishmeal because the have high concentrations of protein and fat, and are also rich in vitamins and minerals, and because partial replacement of soybean and total replacement of fishmeal produce no adverse effect on the growth performance of village chickens. Therefore, they are a suitable replacement for these traditional ingredients in poultry feed. Aims This study determines the nutritive values of black soldier fly larvae and evaluates the effects of feeding diets containing black soldier fly larvae on the growth performance of village chickens. Methods Samples of black soldier fly larvae were subjected to proximate analysis before a total of 280 1-day-old village chicks were randomly divided into four groups. All groups were fed a basal diet with partial replacements of corn and soybean with black soldier fly larvae at 0% (Control), 5% (T1), 10% (T2) and 15% (T3) for 70 days. Each treatment group consisted of seven replicates, with 10 birds per replicate. The bodyweights, bodyweight gains and feed conversion rates were determined. Key results Dry rendered black soldier fly larvae contained 773.0 ± 0.08 g/kg dry matter, 36.1 ± 0.09 g/kg ash, 408.8 ± 0.28 g/kg crude protein, 283.0 ± 0.16 g/kg ether extract and 40.9 ± 0.44 g/kg crude fibre. The larvae also contained 2.041 MJ/kg of metabolisable energy, 20.4 g/kg of calcium and adequate concentrations of vitamins. The feeding trial showed an average bodyweight gain of 1231.45 ± 23.37 g and feed conversion ratio of 2.03 ± 0.15, which were most efficient with Diet T3. Conclusions Inclusion of 15% black soldier fly larvae in diets can enhance the growth performance of village chickens without adverse effects. Implications Partial replacement of soybean and total replacement of fishmeal in the diet of chickens by black soldier fly larvae are not affecting the growth performance of village chickens but might reduce the feed cost.
Fermionic Critical Fluctuations: Potential Driver of Strange Metallicity and Violation of the Wiedemann–Franz Law in YbRh2Si2
Authors: Steglich Frank 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Results of combined thermal and electrical transport measurements through the magnetic field-induced quantum critical point (QCP) in the heavy-fermion compound YbRh2Si2 were revisited to explore the relationship between the strange-metal behavior observed in electrical and electronic thermal resistivities and the violation of the Wiedemann–Franz (WF) law in the zero-temperature limit. A new type of inelastic scattering center for the charge and heat carriers was detected, attributed to small-to-large Fermi surface fluctuations operating near the Kondo-destroying QCP. These fermionic quantum critical fluctuations are considered the primary driver of the strange-metal behavior and the violation of the WF law.
Enhancement of impact synchronous modal analysis with brain-computer interface
Authors: Zahid Fahad Bin , Ong Zhi Chao , Khoo Shin Yee , Mohd Salleh Mohd Fairuz , Akram Naveed 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Novel Impact Synchronous Modal Analysis (ISMA) suffers from inefficient operation. The Automated Phase Controlled Impact Device (APCID), a fully automated device, was developed to efficiently perform ISMA, however, the actuator, support structure and power supply of the APCID make it large, heavy, and unsuitable for commercial applications. The APCID can be replaced with manual operation while still using its controls but by nature there is randomness in human behaviour, which can greatly reduce the effectiveness of the APCID control scheme. A smart semi-automated device for imparting impacts is developed in this study, which uses Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) to predict impact time prior to impact. Brainwaves are measured using a portable, wireless and low-cost Electroencephalogram (EEG) device. Using brainwaves, a Machine Learning (ML) model is developed to predict the impact time. The ML model gave a Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) of 7.5% and 8% in evaluation (offline testing) and in real-time testing, respectively, while predicting impact time prior to impact using brainwaves. When integrated with the control of APCID to perform ISMA, the ML model gave a MAPE of 8.3% in real-time ISMA while predicting impact time prior to impact and adjusting the APCID control for the upcoming impact accordingly. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the EEG ML model in performing ISMA, modal testing was performed at 2 different operating speeds. The study concludes by comparing the developed ISMA method with other ISMA methods. The BCI based device developed in this study for performing ISMA outranks other ISMA methods due to its performance, efficiency and practicality.
Searching for an absolutely maximally five-level entangled state
Authors: Zha Xinwei 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Entangled states play an important role in quantum computation and information. In this paper, for a five-level entangled state, we define some unitary operations and give an operator multiplication. With the help of the unitary operation, we obtain some local unitary equivalent bipartite and tripartite five-level absolutely maximally entangled states (AMES). Furthermore, by using recurrence relations, some four-partite and five-partite five-level AMES can be constructed.
Effects of introducing astigmatism aberration to spiral elements of diverse geometrical shapes
Authors: Javidi B , Sabatyan A 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In this study, we explore the impact of astigmatism on the focusing characteristics of various spiral zone plates with different geometries. We examine four types of spiral zone plates: spiral circular, spiral square, spiral orthogonal, and spiral checkerboard. Our theoretical analysis of the spiral circular zone plate indicates that introducing astigmatism aberration changes the focused vortex into Hermite beams, producing a series of interference lines. The quantity of dark fringes reflects the topological charge of the vortex beam and the orientation reveals determines whether the vorticity is clockwise or counterclockwise. This phenomenon is consistent across the other spiral zone plates as well, as astigmatism modifies the resulting beam into an interference pattern that indicates both the magnitude and direction of the topological charge.
Dependence of divertor turbulence on plasma density and current in TCV
Authors: Wüthrich C. , Theiler C. , Oliveira D.S. , Wang Y. , Ducker R. , Durr-Legoupil-Nicoud G. , Duval B.P. , Galassi D. , Golfinopolus T. , Lee K. , Offeddu N. , Tsui C.K. ,   the TCV team
Published: November 2024

Abstract
To reliably predict the distribution of heat and particle fluxes at the target plates of tokamaks, a comprehensive understanding of turbulence throughout the entire Scrape-Off-Layer (SOL) is imperative. This study examines divertor turbulence systematically across a broad parameter range on the TCV tokamak, including variations in magnetic field direction, plasma current

I

p

∈
[
140
,
320
]

kA, edge safety factor

q

95

∈
[
2.6
,
4.7
]

and Greenwald fraction

f

G

∈
[
0.18
,
0.6
]

. The TCV X-point Gas Puff Imaging (GPI) system is used to measure 2D filament properties in the inner and outer divertor region. The fluctuation levels in the divertor are found to strongly increase with density (to 80% over most of the SOL) while remaining insensitive to

I

p

. The previously identified divertor-localized filaments (DLF), located on the bad curvature side of the outer divertor leg, are found to be a common feature on TCV, while no filaments are observed in the PFR. DLFs are present over most of the parameter space and in both field directions. However, they are absent, or appear only closer to the target, for sufficiently large

Λ

div

≳
10

or

q

95

≳
3.7

. Across both

I

p

and

f

G

scans, some clear trends with

Λ

div

are found for divertor filament sizes and velocities, and with target fall-off lengths of density and heat flux profiles at the outer target. This study provides important experimental insights to turbulent transport in the divertor also for comparison with self-consistent, turbulence simulations and extrapolation to future reactor conditions.
Additive manufacturing of a strong and ductile oxygen-doped NbTiZr medium-entropy alloy
Authors: An Yaqiong , Liu Yijie , Liu Shujie , Zhang Bozhao , Yang Guanghui , Zhang Cheng , Tan Xipeng , Ding Jun , Ma En 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Refractory multi-principal element alloys (RMPEAs) have garnered attention for their potential in high-temperature applications. Additive manufacturing (AM) provides opportunities to tailor RMPEAs’ microstructures to enhance these properties. However, controlling defects and addressing the challenges posed by the complex thermal history during the AM process are crucial for optimizing RMPEAs’ performance. This study aims to fabricate a high-quality oxygen-doped NbTiZr alloys using laser powder bed fusion and investigate their microstructure and mechanical properties. Our analysis reveals refined grain sizes and a periodic combination of fine near-equiaxed and columnar grain morphologies in the AM-fabricated alloy. Its substructure is characterized by the coexistence of loosely defined cellular dislocation networks and elemental segregation. Compared to its cast counterpart, the additively manufactured alloy exhibits a combination of high yield strength, excellent tensile ductility, and enhanced work hardening. These attributes make the AM-fabricated oxygen-doped NbTiZr alloy a promising candidate for applications required balanced mechanical properties. Understanding the specific effects of different crystal structures and deformation mechanisms is essential for optimizing AM processes to tailor the microstructure and achieve the desired mechanical performance in various engineering applications.
A Woman’s Machine
Authors: Chen Eva 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This chapter discusses speed’s role as coercive regimentation of women’s typewriting body in the Taylorite office. It examines journalistic and literary responses to the faster body of the typewriter girl, who is variously viewed as a sexy but dumb machine woman; an emancipated, energized feminist activist; or a fatigued, lonely, and stultified urban worker tackling poverty and the grinding costs of coercive industrial speed. This last image echoes similar concerns in the mid-century industrial novel, but foregrounds for the first time the working female body. The chapter analyses stories and comments from the popular masculine press, women’s press, as well as novels like Gissing’s The Odd Women and Mitton’s A Bachelor Girl in London.
Leaf temperatures exceed thermal heat tolerances for a community of eastern North America hardwood trees
Authors: Endris Joe , Rehm Evan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Changing climates are creating more intense and frequent high temperature events that could disrupt forest communities. In temperate forests, we have a relatively limited understanding of how trees are impacted by heat events, hindering our ability to predict impacts of future heat waves. We conducted a community-level assessment of thermal safety margins in 11 hardwood tree species native to eastern North America. We used chlorophyll fluorescence to determine the critical heat tolerance of photosystem II (PSII) across two years in central Tennessee, USA. We focus on the temperature at which PSII first starts to decline (Tcrit) as this is the temperature where membranes become unstable, resulting in permanent damage to these tissues. Tcrit varied within season and between years, being higher in July than June and in 2022 than 2023. Tcrit also varied among species with species like Ulmus rubra and Ostrya virginiana showing consistently lower heat tolerances. When compared to the record high temperature for our study site, 10 of 11 species would have experienced heat stress during at least one sample period. When compared to current year high temperatures, the risk was variable and lower across all species and sample periods. However we found that leaf temperatures often exceeded air temperatures, therefore many species were likely heat stressed as heat tolerances were often below species-specific leaf temperatures. Indeed, four species were potentially heat stressed during every sample period. Our data highlights the importance of using leaf temperature, not air temperature to assess thermal safety margins and that community wide stress may already occur under extreme heat conditions. As climate change intensifies, leaf temperatures will likely approach critical thresholds that lead to damage across the tree community. Understanding species-specific responses to heat stress is essential to predicting future forest dynamics and ecosystem functioning.
Clinical pharmacist-led antifungal drug utilization reviews in cancer care hospital: a prospective audit and feedback
Authors: Akbar Zunaira , Aamir Muhammad , Saleem Zikria , Khan Muhammad Rehan , Bhutta Omar Akhlaq 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background and objective
The global rise in systemic fungal infections and increased antifungal use underscores the need for pharmacist-led antifungal stewardship in oncology but data on such interventions are scarce. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical pharmacist-led antifungal drug utilization reviews for optimizing antifungal therapy in a specialized cancer care hospital.

Patients and Method
This pharmacist-led prospective audit and feedback study evaluated 350 admitted patients with cancer who were prescribed systemic antifungals. Electronic medical records of the included patients were reviewed to evaluate pharmacist interventions. Data were entered and analysed through SPSS version 21.

Result
Most of the patients were prescribed antifungals for suspected fungal infections (41.7%). Febrile neutropenia was present in 55.4% of patients. The most frequently isolated fungus was C. albicans (15.4%) followed by C. tropicalis (8.6%) and A. flavus (7.7%). The most frequently prescribed antifungal drug was voriconazole (38.8%) and amphotericin B (31.7%). Major pharmacist-led interventions were a change of IV antifungal therapy to an oral drug (18%), choice of drug therapy (17.4%) and dose reduction (16.9%). All the interventions made by the pharmacist were accepted by the AFS team (100%).

Conclusion
Pharmacists play a crucial role in optimizing antifungal therapy by conducting drug utilization reviews and implementing targeted interventions. These interventions are beneficial for overall management of patients with cancer and improving the quality of antifungal prescribing.
Developing personas to inform the design of digital interventions for perinatal mental health
Authors: Zimmermann Martha , Yonkers Kimberly A , Tabb Karen M , Schaefer Ana , Peacock-Chambers Elizabeth , Clare Camille A , Boudreaux Edwin D , Lemon Stephenie C , Byatt Nancy , Tulu Bengisu 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Digital interventions are increasingly in demand to address mental health concerns, with significant potential to reach populations that disproportionately face barriers to accessing mental health care. Challenges with user engagement, however, persist. The goal of this study was to develop user personas to inform the development of a digital mental health intervention (DMHI) for a perinatal population.

Materials and Methods
We used participatory User-Centered Design (UCD) methods to generate and validate personas (ie, representative profiles of potential users). We applied this methodology to a case example of an Anxiety Sensitivity Intervention. Phases included (1) Characteristic identification, (2) Persona generation, (3) Persona consolidation, (4) Persona validation, and (5) Persona refinement. Advisory Council members with lived expertise of perinatal mental health conditions generated 6 personas. We used cluster analysis and qualitative analysis to consolidate personas. We used participant interviews with perinatal individuals experiencing depression or anxiety and economic marginalization (n = 12) to qualitatively validate and refine these personas.

Results
We identified 4 user personas with potentially unique design needs that we characterized as being “Resilient,” “Lonely,” “Overwhelmed,” and “Aware.”

Discussion
Personas generated through this process had distinct characteristics and design implications including the need to prioritize (1) content personalization, (2) additional content describing support options and resources (eg, doulas, midwives), (3) careful consideration of the type of information provided by users, and (4) transparent options for information and data sharing.

Conclusion
DMHIs will need to be adapted for relevance for a perinatal population. The personas we developed are suggestive of the need for design considerations specific to distinct potential user groups within this population.