bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regulating the Golgi apparatus sorting of proteinase A to decrease its excretion in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Song Lulu , Chen Yefu , Guo Qinghuan , Huang Siyao , Guo Xuewu , Xiao Dongguang 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Beer foam stability, a key factor in evaluating overall beer quality, is influenced by proteinase A (PrA). Actin-severing protein cofilin and Golgi apparatus-localized Ca2+ ATPase Pmr1 are involved in protein sorting at the trans-Golgi network (TGN) in yeast Curwin et al. (Mol Biol Cell 23:2327–2338, 2012). To reduce PrA excretion into the beer fermentation broth, we regulated the Golgi apparatus sorting of PrA, thereby facilitating the delivery of more PrA to the vacuoles in the yeast cells. In the present study, the cofilin-coding gene COF1 and the Pmr1-coding gene PMR1 were overexpressed in the parental strain W303-1A and designated as W + COF1 and W + PMR1, respectively. The relative expression levels of COF1 in W + COF1 and PMR1 in W + PMR1 were 5.26- and 19.76-fold higher than those in the parental strain. After increases in the expression levels of cofilin and Pmr1 were confirmed, the PrA activities in the wort broth fermented with W + COF1, W + PMR1, and W303-1A were measured. Results showed that the extracellular PrA activities of W + COF1 and W + PMR1 were decreased by 9.24% and 13.83%, respectively, at the end of the main fermentation compared with that of W303-1A. Meanwhile, no apparent differences were found on the fermentation performance of recombinant and parental strains. The research uncovers an effective strategy for decreasing PrA excretion in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Restricted nonlinear model for high- and low-drag events in plane channel flow
Authors: Alizard Frédéric , Biau Damien 
Published: February 2019

A restricted nonlinear (RNL) model, obtained by partitioning the state variables into streamwise-averaged quantities and superimposed perturbations, is used in order to track the exact coherent state in plane channel flow investigated by Toh & Itano (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 481, 2003, pp. 67–76). When restricting nonlinearities to quadratic interaction of the fluctuating part into the streamwise-averaged component, it is shown that the coherent structure and its dynamics closely match results from direct numerical simulation (DNS), even if only a single streamwise Fourier mode is retained. In particular, both solutions exhibit long quiescent phases, spanwise shifts and bursting events. It is also shown that the dynamical trajectory passes close to equilibria that exhibit either low- or high-drag states. When statistics are collected at times where the friction velocity peaks, the mean flow and root-mean-square profiles show the essential features of wall turbulence obtained by DNS for the same friction Reynolds number. For low-drag events, the mean flow profiles are related to a universal asymptotic state called maximum drag reduction (Xi & Graham, Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 108, 2012, 028301). Hence, the intermittent nature of self-sustaining processes in the buffer layer is contained in the dynamics of the RNL model, organized in two exact coherent states plus an asymptotic turbulent-like attractor. We also address how closely turbulent dynamics approaches these equilibria by exploiting a DNS database associated with a larger domain.
Bryozoan fauna from the Reynales Formation (lower Silurian, Aeronian) of New York, USA
Authors: Ernst Andrej , Brett Carlton E. , Wilson Mark A. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThirteen bryozoan species are described from the Brewer Dock (Hickory Corners) Member of the Reynales Formation (lower Silurian, Aeronian) at the locality Hickory Corners in western New York, USA. Three species are new: trepostomesHomotrypa niagarensisn. sp. andLeioclema adsuetumn. sp. and the rhabdomesine cryptostomeMoyerella parvan. sp. Only one species,Hennigopora aptaPerry and Hattin, 1960, developed obligatory encrusting colonies whereas the others produced erect ramose colonies of various thicknesses and shapes: cylindrical, branched, and lenticular. Bryozoans display high abundance and richness within the rock. This fauna is characteristic of a moderately agitated environment with a stable substrate. The identified species reveal paleobiogeographic connections to other Silurian localities of New York as well as Ohio and Indiana (USA) and Anticosti (Canada).UUID:http://zoobank.org/c24f3184-4a8e-44c4-b6c0-d30433e841c9
Remarkable preservation of shell microstructures from the Late Ordovician of the Cincinnati Arch region, USA, and the success of nacre among Ordovician mollusks
Authors: Vendrasco Michael J. , Checa Antonio G. , Heimbrock William P. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractExceptional sub-micrometer details of shell microstructure are preserved in phosphatic micro-steinkerns representing several phyla from shell beds of the Upper Ordovician of the Cincinnati Arch region, USA. These fossils provide the most detailed record of Ordovician mollusk shell microstructures, as well as exceptional details on the earliest cases of undisputed nacre. The trend towards nacre in the Mollusca is one aspect of the surge in escalation between mollusks and their predators during the Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event.
The Origins of Ethnic Activism: Caste Politics in Colonial India
Authors: Lee Alexander 
Published: February 2019

AbstractExisting accounts of ethnic mobilization have focused on the role of group size or state policy. This paper suggests that narrow identity activism was also non-linearly related to education since poorly-educated groups are unlikely to have an educated elite to participate in activism, while in very educated groups this elite existed but participated in the colonial state or anti-colonial nationalism. This theory is tested using a historical panel dataset of Indian caste groups, with petitions to the colonial census authorities being used as an index of caste activism.
Culture, Politics and the Cold War: The Sociedad de Escritores de Chile in the 1950s
Authors: Nállim Jorge A. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIn the 1950s, the Sociedad de Escritores de Chile experienced bitter disputes caused by the efforts of the Chilean Committee for Cultural Freedom, the local branch of a major institution in the US cultural Cold War, to gain control of the association. These disputes reveal the role played by the cultural Cold War in the breakdown of older political and intellectual alliances in Chile. They also highlight the transnational networks that connected Chilean writers during the Cold War, and the complex articulation of local and international contexts and agendas that influenced Chilean cultural and political groups.
‘Sovereign Parenting’ in Affluent Latin American Neighbourhoods: Race and the Politics of Childcare in Ipanema (Brazil) and El Condado (Puerto Rico)
Authors: Ramos-Zayas Ana Y. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractDrawing on ethnographic research conducted among parents living in the affluent neighbourhoods of Ipanema, Brazil, and El Condado, Puerto Rico, I examine how urban Latin American elites deployed their parenting practices as moral justification for their racial and class privilege (what I call ‘sovereign parenting’). One way in which they do this is by producing particular forms of affective relationships with their nannies. The women these upper-class parents hired were largely dark-skinned immigrants: from the Dominican Republic, to work in El Condado, and from the Brazilian Northeast, to work in Ipanema. I demonstrate how elites cultivated a form of ‘informality’ and expressions of care in relation to childcare workers in ways that not only produced whiteness as a pillar of Latin American liberalism, but also associated whiteness with the world of interiority and personal growth.
Is coding a relevant metaphor for the brain?
Authors: Brette Romain 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
“Neural coding” is a popular metaphor in neuroscience, where objective properties of the world are communicated to the brain in the form of spikes. Here I argue that this metaphor is often inappropriate and misleading. First, when neurons are said to encode experimental parameters, the neural code depends on experimental details that are not carried by the coding variable (e.g., the spike count). Thus, the representational power of neural codes is much more limited than generally implied. Second, neural codes carry information only by reference to things with known meaning. In contrast, perceptual systems must build information from relations between sensory signals and actions, forming an internal model. Neural codes are inadequate for this purpose because they are unstructured and therefore unable to represent relations. Third, coding variables are observables tied to the temporality of experiments, whereas spikes are timed actions that mediate coupling in a distributed dynamical system. The coding metaphor tries to fit the dynamic, circular, and distributed causal structure of the brain into a linear chain of transformations between observables, but the two causal structures are incongruent. I conclude that the neural coding metaphor cannot provide a valid basis for theories of brain function, because it is incompatible with both the causal structure of the brain and the representational requirements of cognition.
Dexterous Remote Manipulation by Means of a Teleoperation System
Authors: Pliego-Jiménez Javier , Arteaga-Pérez Marco A. , Cruz-Hernández César 
Published: February 2019

SummaryHumans are experts in manipulation and grasping tasks. However, several industrial tasks represent a risk to human operators, for instance, handling radioactive material or transporting heavy objects. Teleoperation robotic schemes extend human capabilities, but they are highly nonlinear systems. In this paper, we address the problem of dexterous remote manipulation by means of a unilateral heterogenous teleoperation scheme composed by a single-master and multiple-slave manipulators handling a rigid object. In order to achieve a stable grasp, a decentralized force/position controller with continuous and bounded input torques based on the Orthogonalization Principle and a second-order sliding mode control is proposed for the slave robots. In addition, a trajectory planning method based on holonomic constraints is proposed to control multiple-slave manipulators with a single-master device. Experimental results are presented to evaluate the performance of the proposed approach.
Selecting digital health technologies for validation and piloting by healthcare providers: a decision-making perspective from ontario
Authors: Chahal Amarjit , Rudnick Abraham 
Published: February 2019

AbstractDigital health technologies (DHTs) such as health apps are rapidly emerging as a major disruptor of health care. Yet there is no well-established process of decision making for selecting DHTs that are worthy of investing resources in their validation to determine whether they are ready (safe, effective, and not too costly) for health related use. We report here on an Ontario-based initiative to support such decision making. Specifically, we developed a decision-making algorithm that uses approved criteria including the strategic direction of the health research institute and the hospital, and availability of resources. The Council of Academic Hospitals of Ontario has adapted our approach for other hospitals. We hope that other healthcare organizations, in and beyond Ontario, will consider this and alternative approaches, and that research will be conducted to evaluate such approaches.
Anomalous origin of left vertebral artery from ascending aorta associated with interrupted aortic arch and persistent truncus arteriosus
Authors: Pandey Niraj N. , Sharma Arun , Kumar Sanjeev 
Published: February 2019

AbstractWe present a case of a 3-week-old boy with persistent truncus arteriosus associated with interrupted right aortic arch having an anomalous origin of the left vertebral artery from the ascending aorta.
Successful everolimus-eluting stent implantation into the left main trunk stenosis in the anomalous coronary artery after neo-aortic valve replacement in a 6-year-old boy
Authors: Asada Dai , Tomita Hideshi , Fujii Takanari 
Published: February 2019

AbstractCHDs occasionally have coronary complications; however, stent implantation is technically difficult in small children. We reported a successful drug-eluting stent implantation into the congenital anomalous coronary artery in a 6-year-old boy. This treatment is useful for rescuing coronary stenosis, and dual antiplatelet therapy is important to prevent stent restenosis.
Aggressiveness and violence in psychiatric patients: a clinical or social paradigm?
Authors: Mauri Massimo C. , Cirnigliaro Giovanna , Di Pace Chiara , Paletta Silvia , Reggiori Alessandra , Altamura Carlo A. , Dell’Osso Bernardo 
Published: February 2019

ObjectivePsychiatric disorders are often considered the leading cause of violence. This may be due to a stereotype created by media and general opinion.MethodThe Modified Overt Aggression Scale (MOAS) was used to evaluate the severity of aggressive and violent behaviors in 400 patients who attended a post-acute psychiatric service in Milan from 2014 to 2016 and suffered from different psychiatric disorders. The psychopathological clinical picture was evaluated by Clinical Global Impression (CGI). The study also assessed the possible correlation between epidemiologic and sociodemographic factors, clinical variables, and aggression and violence.ResultsOf the total number of subjects, 21.50% showed a MOAS score >0, 11.50% presented mild aggression (0–10 MOAS weighted score), 9% moderate aggression (11–20), and 1% severe aggression (MOAS >20). With respect to violent behaviors, 16% of patients showed a score >0 in one MOAS subscale other than verbal aggression according to violence definition. The severity of clinical picture seemed to be related to higher weighted MOAS score. Multivariate testing of different sociodemographic and clinical variables showed that violence was related to unemployment status, and significantly correlated to compulsory admission (TSO), suicide attempts (TS), and personality disorders, while the severity of clinical psychiatric picture seemed to play a secondary role.ConclusionResults have shown that personality disorders and sociodemographic factors, including economic factors, seem to be major determinants of violence among patients diagnosed with mental disorders.
Calibration of Atom Probe Tomography Reconstructions Through Correlation with Electron Micrographs
Authors: Mouton Isabelle , Katnagallu Shyam , Makineni Surendra Kumar , Cojocaru-Mirédin Oana , Schwarz Torsten , Stephenson Leigh Thomas , Raabe Dierk , Gault Baptiste 
Published: February 2019

AbstractAlthough atom probe tomography (APT) reconstructions do not directly influence the local elemental analysis, any structural inferences from APT volumes demand a reliable reconstruction of the point cloud. Accurate estimation of the reconstruction parameters is crucial to obtain reliable spatial scaling. In the current work, a new automated approach of calibrating atom probe reconstructions is developed using only one correlative projection electron microscopy (EM) image. We employed an algorithm that implements a 2D cross-correlation of microstructural features observed in both the APT reconstructions and the corresponding EM image. We apply this protocol to calibrate reconstructions in a Cu(In,Ga)Se2-based semiconductor and in a Co-based superalloy. This work enables us to couple chemical precision to structural information with relative ease.
Charge-State Field Evaporation Behavior in Cu(V) Nanocrystalline Alloys
Authors: Zhou Xuyang , Thompson Gregory B. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractAtom probe tomography (APT) of a nanocrystalline Cu–7 at.% V thin film annealed at 400°C for 1 h revealed chemical partitioning in the form of solute segregation. The vanadium precipitated along high angle grain boundaries and at triple junctions, determined by cross-correlative precession electron diffraction of the APT specimen. Upon field evaporation, the V2+/(V1+ + VH1+) ratio from the decomposed ions was ~3 within the matrix grains and ~16 within the vanadium precipitates. It was found that the VH1+ complex was prevalent in the matrix, with its presence explained in terms of hydrogen's ability to assist in field evaporation. The change in the V2+/(V1+ + VH1+) charge-state ratio (CSR) was studied as a function of base temperature (25–90 K), laser pulse energy (50–200 pJ), and grain orientation. The strongest influence on changing the CSR was with the varied pulse laser, which made the CSR between the precipitates and the matrix equivalent at the higher laser pulse energies. However, at these conditions, the precipitates began to coarsen. The collective results of the CSRs are discussed in terms of field strengths related to the chemical coordination.
What are social work students being taught about palliative care?
Authors: Stein Gary L. , Berkman Cathy , Pollak Bonnie 
Published: February 2019

AbstractObjectivePalliative social workers have taken steps to increase the numbers of social workers trained and competent to deliver effective psychosocial palliative care. Despite these developments, masters of social work (MSW) programs have only begun to develop curricula preparing students for entry-level practice. This study sought to determine the type and extent of content areas included in MSW courses dedicated to palliative care or with content related to palliative care practice.MethodA cross-sectional study using an online questionnaire was conducted. All 248 accredited MSW programs in the United States and 32 programs in Canada were invited to participate. Participants were asked to name the courses in their MSW program that were dedicated to, or included content on, palliative care, and submit the syllabi for these courses. Data comprised course content for each class session and required readings. A grounded theory approach was used to identify the topics covered.ResultOf the 105 participating programs that responded to the survey, 42 submitted 70 syllabi for courses with at least some palliative care content. There were 29 topics identified. The most common topic was grief, loss, and bereavement, followed closely by behavioral and mental health issues, and supporting family and friends; cultural perspectives and advance care planning were also common topics. For the 10 syllabi from courses dedicated to palliative care, supporting family was the most common topical area, followed closely by interprofessional practice and advance care planning.Significance of resultsAlthough there are many challenges to introducing palliative care content into MSW programs, including unqualified faculty and competing course material and electives of equally compelling content, there are model curricula for dedicated palliative care courses. With the large growth of palliative care programs, the time is ripe to add specialty palliative care courses and to add palliative care content into existing courses.
Lifetime experience of multiple common mental disorders and 19-year mortality: results from a Canadian population-based cohort
Authors: Kingsbury M. , Sucha E. , Horton N. J. , Sampasa-Kanyinga H. , Murphy J. M. , Gilman S. E. , Colman I. 
Published: February 2019

Abstract

Aims
To examine the impact of multiple psychiatric disorders over the lifetime on risk of mortality in the general population.

Methods
Data came from a random community-based sample of 1397 adults in Atlantic Canada, recruited in 1992. Major depression, dysthymia, panic disorder, generalised anxiety disorder and alcohol use disorders were assessed using the Diagnostic Interview Schedule (DIS). Vital status of participants through 2011 was determined using probabilistic linkages to the Canadian Mortality Database. Cox proportional hazard models with age at study entry as the time scale were used to investigate the relationship between DIS diagnoses and mortality, adjusted for participant education, smoking and obesity at baseline.

Results
Results suggested that mood and anxiety disorders rarely presented in isolation – the majority of participants experienced multiple psychiatric disorders over the lifetime. Elevated risk of death was found among men with both major depression and dysthymia (HR 2.56; 95% CI 1.12–5.89), depression and alcohol use disorders (HR 2.45; 95% CI 1.18–5.10) and among men and women who experienced both panic disorder and alcohol use disorders (HR 3.80; 95% CI 1.19–12.16).

Conclusion
The experience of multiple mental disorders over the lifetime is extremely common, and associated with increased risk of mortality, most notably among men. Clinicians should be aware of the importance of considering contemporaneous symptoms of multiple psychiatric conditions.
Magma Propagation at Piton de la Fournaise From Joint Inversion of InSAR and GNSS
Authors: Smittarello D. , Cayol V. , Pinel V. , Peltier A. , Froger J‐L. , Ferrazzini V. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractMagma propagation is an unsteady process controlled by magma‐crust interaction. To provide information on its dynamics, we invert complementary ground deformation data spanning the 8 hr preceding the 26 May 2016 eruption at Piton de la Fournaise (PdF) volcano (La Réunion, France). Data are inverted using 3‐D boundary element models combined with a Monte Carlo inversion method. The final geometry of the displacement source is determined based on four interferograms spanning the whole propagation phase while the dynamics of the propagation is inferred from temporal inversion of continuous Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) data, using the final geometry as an a priori to constrain the source. The best modeled magma path consists in a 2,700‐m‐long sill located 800 m above sea level and connected to the eruptive fissure by a subvertical dike. The quick opening of the horizontal part of the intrusion could have been favored by limited flank sliding during the early stage of propagation. The intrusion then stalled for ∼5 hr, while pressure increased slightly, until final upward propagation and eruption. Volume budget suggests that the eruption was fed by a single batch of magma quickly disconnected from its source. The delay prior to the eruption may reflect a limited magma supply. Finally, two mechanisms, potentially acting together, might have favored the eruption: a driving role of magmatic gas and/or, as often observed at Piton de la Fournaise, an eastward flank slip.