bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knockdown of ENO1 promotes autophagy dependent‐ferroptosis and suppresses glycolysis in breast cancer cells via the regulation of CST1
Authors: Huang Guoliang , Lu Lian , You Yuhong , Li Jie , Zhang Kaixiang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAutophagy‐dependent ferroptosis and glycolysis play a significant role in tumor development. α‐Enolase (ENO1), a glycolytic enzyme, has been demonstrated to function as a crucial modulator in breast cancer (BC). However, the specific mechanism by which ENO1 influences the ferroptosis and glycolysis of BC remains unclear. qRT‐PCR, along with western blot analysis was applied to investigate ENO1 and cystatin SN (CST1) expression in BC cells. Glycolysis level was measured by extracellular acidification rate (ECAR), lactate production, glucose consumption, and western blot analysis. Ferroptosis was evaluated by iron and lipid peroxidation assay, DCFH‐DA staining, and western blot analysis. Immunofluorescence, together with western blot analysis was adopted for assessing cell autophagy and mTOR signaling pathway. Cell apoptosis and Ki67 level were measured by TUNEL and immunohistochemistry, respectively. ENO1 had abundant existence in BC cell lines. ENO1 silencing inhibited glycolysis but promoted ferroptosis and autophagy. In addition, autophagy inhibitor 3‐MA reversed the impacts of ENO1 silencing on glycolysis and ferroptosis. Meanwhile, mTOR activator MHY1485 demonstrated opposing effects on autophagy. Moreover, CST1 could be extensively found in BC cell lines, and its overexpression reversed the effects of ENO1 silencing on glycolysis and ferroptosis. In vivo experiments illustrated that ENO1 deletion suppressed BC tumor growth, increased the apoptosis rate, restrained cell proliferation, and glycolysis, but promoted ferroptosis and autophagy, as well as reducing CST1 and mTOR signaling. To sum up, ENO1 silencing mediated a utophagy‐dependent ferroptosis and glycolysis in BC cells by regulating CST1.
Design and Synthesis of Multipath Compact Cyclophanes for Quantum Interference Studies
Authors: Heim Salome L. , Gallego Almudena , Bertozzi Valeria , van der Poel Sebastiaan , Ornago Luca , Prescimone Alessandro , van der Zant Herre S. J. , Mayor Marcel 
Published: November 2024

AbstractTo investigate interference phenomena and conductance properties in mechanically controlled break junctions (MCBJs), macrocycles 1 and 2 (BMCs: for BenzeneMacroCycles), containing a meta‐substituted benzene moiety with solubilizing tert‐butyl groups, as well as structures 3 and 4 (TMCs: for ThiopheneMacroCycles), featuring 2,5‐connected 3,4‐hexyl‐thiophene corners, were synthesized. Macrocycles 1 and 2 respectively 3 and 4 differ in the positions of the acetyl‐protected sulfur anchoring groups, which impacts both, the individual transport efficiency of their parallel electronic pathways and their overall molecular wire lengths. All macrocycles were synthesized based on a series of Sonogashira cross‐coupling reactions. For 3 and 4, a 2‐(4‐pyridinyl)ethyl protecting group for the sulfur atoms was successful, while for macrocycles 1 and 2 the more common tert‐butyl protecting group did the job. To our delight, proof‐of‐concept charge transport studies conducted in an MCBJ setup demonstrated the expected trends regarding improved conductance intensities for the TMCs compared to the BMCs. Furthermore, the corresponding molecular plateaus from the breaking experiments were in the expected length range of the S−S distances for all compounds. We also found that the overall conductance seems to follow a more complex transport mechanism than just the sum of contributions from both channels.
InSAR phase gradient reveals fault‐zone controls on the spatial distribution of slow‐moving landslides in the active orogenic region of Hazara‐Kashmir, Pakistan
Authors: Ahmad Said Mukhtar , Fu Lv , Wang Teng 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSlow‐moving landslides play important roles in the landscape evolution and hazards planning. Studies along some strike‐slip faults have shown that the geological structures and bed‐rock lithology significantly contribute the distribution of slow‐moving landslides. However, controls on the distribution of slow‐moving landslides are poorly constrained in active orogenic regions, hindering our understanding of its role in the rapid orogenic process. The Hazara Kashmir Syntaxis in Pakistan is such a prominent geological structure of lesser Himalaya, where the inventory of slow‐moving landslides is scarce. Here, we attempt the interferometric synthetic aperture radar phase‐gradient stacking coupled with a deep‐learning system to provide the first slow‐moving landslides inventory (1066 presently active landslides, 2016–2023) in the Hazara‐Kashmir region. Along with optical imagery and field investigations, we analyse the impacts of fault structures, bed‐rock lithology, topography along with spatial distribution of earthquake and precipitation on the distribution of these slow‐moving landslides. We find that 33% of the detected slow‐moving landslides are distributed within 1000 m to active faults, and show a decreasing trend moving away from fault zones. This pattern strongly suggests that the active thrusting faults in this region significantly controls the distribution of slow‐moving landslides, while topography and precipitation show less impacts. Our study reveals the spatial distribution of slow‐moving landslides in a tectonic complex region with rapid orogenic process, and thus shows potential implications in geomorphology modelling and hazards evaluation for many less‐monitored, contemporary uplifting high‐mountain regions.
Myrrh Oleo‐Gum Resin as a Functional Additive in Pectin and κ‐Carrageenan Composite Films for Food Packaging
Authors: Shah Yasir Abbas , Bhatia Saurabh , Chinnam Sampath , Al‐Harrasi Ahmed , Tarahi Mohammad , Khan Talha Shireen , Alam Tanveer , Koca Esra , Aydemir Levent Yurdaer , Philip Anil K. , Afzaal Muhammad , Khan Mahbubur Rahman , Pratap‐Singh Anubhav 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTMyrrh oleo‐gum‐resin (MOGR) is a natural substance that has a rich history of medicinal use due to its anti‐inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties. The present study reports on the fabrication and assessment of pectin and K‐carrageenan composite films infused with varying proportions (0.3%, 0.5%, and 0.7%) of MOGR. Morphological analysis of the film samples was conducted using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). The results indicated that the introduction of MOGR led to a notable increase in surface roughness. The SEM micrographs of the films showed that the MOGR addition had an important effect on the microstructure of the film. The surface hydrophobicity of the MOGR‐loaded films increased, as confirmed by the rise in the contact angle. Moreover, there was an increase in the thickness (0.062 ± 0.004–0.095 ± 0.006 mm) and opacity (1.24 ± 0.07–9.41 ± 0.24) of the films with the addition of MOGR; however, tensile strength (7.30 ± 0.50–4.92 ± 0.34 MPa), elongation at break (32.41% ± 1.0%–29.70% ± 0.24%), and barrier properties decreased. Additionally, a rise in MOGR concentration corresponded to a rise in overall color difference ΔE (0.77 ± 0.03–5.09 ± 0.49) of the films. Notably, the incorporation of MOGR led to an increase in the antioxidant activity of the composite films, indicating potential applications in functional packaging materials.
Characterization and Mitigation of a Simultaneous Multi‐Slice fMRI Artifact: Multiband Artifact Regression in Simultaneous Slices
Authors: Tubiolo Philip N. , Williams John C. , Van Snellenberg Jared X. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTSimultaneous multi‐slice (multiband) acceleration in fMRI has become widespread, but may be affected by novel forms of signal artifact. Here, we demonstrate a previously unreported artifact manifesting as a shared signal between simultaneously acquired slices in all resting‐state and task‐based multiband fMRI datasets we investigated, including publicly available consortium data from the Human Connectome Project (HCP) and Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study. We propose Multiband Artifact Regression in Simultaneous Slices (MARSS), a regression‐based detection and correction technique that successfully mitigates this shared signal in unprocessed data. We demonstrate that the signal isolated by MARSS correction is likely nonneural, appearing stronger in neurovasculature than gray matter. Additionally, we evaluate MARSS both against and in tandem with sICA+FIX denoising, which is implemented in HCP resting‐state data, to show that MARSS mitigates residual artifact signal that is not modeled by sICA+FIX. MARSS correction leads to study‐wide increases in signal‐to‐noise ratio, decreases in cortical coefficient of variation, and mitigation of systematic artefactual spatial patterns in participant‐level task betas. Finally, MARSS correction has substantive effects on second‐level t‐statistics in analyses of task‐evoked activation. We recommend that investigators apply MARSS to multiband fMRI datasets with moderate or higher acceleration factors, in combination with established denoising methods.
Alterations of Excitation–Inhibition Balance and Brain Network Dynamics Support Sensory Deprivation Theory in Presbycusis
Authors: Su Meixia , Ren Fuxin , Li Ning , Li Fuyan , Zhao Min , Hu Xin , Edden Richard A. E. , Li Muwei , Li Xiao , Gao Fei 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTSensory deprivation theory is an important hypothesis involving potential pathways between hearing loss and cognitive impairment in patients with presbycusis. The theory suggests that prolonged auditory deprivation in presbycusis, including neural deafferentation, cortical reallocation, and atrophy, causes long‐lasting changes and reorganization in brain structure and function. However, neurophysiological changes underlying the cognition‐ear link have not been explored. In this study, we recruited 98 presbycusis patients and 60 healthy controls and examined the differences between the two groups in gamma‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate (Glu) levels in bilateral auditory cortex, excitation–inhibition (E/I) balance (Glu/GABA ratio), dynamic functional network connectivity (dFNC), hearing ability and cognitive performance. Then, correlations with each other were investigated and variables with statistical significance were further analyzed using the PROCESS Macro in SPSS. GABA levels in right auditory cortex and Glu levels in bilateral auditory cortex were lower but E/I balance in right auditory cortex were higher in presbycusis patients compared to healthy controls. Hearing assessments and cognitive performance were worse in presbycusis patients. Three recurring connectivity states were identified after dFNC analysis: State 1 (least frequent, middle‐high dFNC strength with negative functional connectivity), State 2 (high dFNC strength), and State 3 (most frequent, low dFNC strength). The occurrence and dwell time of State 3 were higher, on the other hand, the dwell time of State 2 decreased in patients with presbycusis compared to healthy controls. In patients with presbycusis, worse hearing assessments and cognition were correlated with decreased GABA levels, increased E/I balance, and aberrant dFNC, decreased GABA levels and increased E/I balance were correlated with decreased occurrence and dwell time in State 3. In the mediation model, the fractional windows, as well as dwell time in State 3, mediated the relationship between the E/I balance in right auditory cortex and episodic memory (Auditory Verbal Learning Test, AVLT) in presbycusis. Moreover, in patients with presbycusis, we found that worse hearing loss contribute to lower GABA levels, higher E/I balance, and further impact aberrant dFNC, which caused lower AVLT scores. Overall, the results suggest that a shift in E/I balance in right auditory cortex plays an important role in cognition‐ear link reorganization and provide evidence for sensory deprivation theory, enhancing our understanding the connection between neurophysiological changes and cognitive impairment in presbycusis. In presbycusis patients, E/I balance may serve as a potential neuroimaging marker for exploring and predicting cognitive impairment.
Review of the role of ultrasound in assessing plasma leakage in dengue fever and a proposed scanning protocol
Authors: Khoo Swee Min Kathleen , Lee Chun Yue Francis 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe clinical course of dengue can range from mild to severe and predicting the course can be challenging. The World Health Organisation (WHO) recommends prognostication via the presence of warning signs, to aid in disposition and management. Plasma leakage is a key warning sign in dengue, and ultrasound can be utilised as a screening tool.ObjectivesThe objectives were to describe the literature on the use of ultrasound in dengue, summarise the findings, and propose a standardised point‐of‐care ultrasound protocol.MethodsWe reviewed the current literature on the role of ultrasound in dengue and its key features.ResultsUltrasound is a useful tool in the evaluation of patients with dengue and has been shown to be able to detect plasma leakage even prior to clinical and laboratory findings. In particular, gallbladder wall thickening is an early sign that can aid the clinician in prognosticating patients.ConclusionDetecting plasma leakage early with ultrasonography can help the clinician determine appropriate disposition and management. We propose a standardised point‐of‐care ultrasound protocol (FASD) for early detection of plasma leakage in dengue, in the routine care of dengue patients.
Scaling up Attachment and Biobehavioral Catch‐up with Latine families: Implementation processes and effectiveness
Authors: Carrera Pablo , Zablah Franssy M. , de la Rosa Yanira , Benito‐Gomez Marta 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAttachment and Biobehavioral Catch‐up (ABC) is an evidence‐based early intervention promoting attachment security and self‐regulation by enhancing parental sensitivity. When scaling up an evidence‐based intervention to the community, it is essential to consider families’ preferences and cultural values to ensure cultural appropriateness, while maintaining fidelity to the intervention's core components. In this article, we aimed to test the effectiveness of ABC in improving parental sensitivity when implemented in Spanish at a community level in the USA. The effectiveness of ABC when implemented in Spanish in the community was assessed through pre‐post changes in observed parental sensitivity in 79 Latine families with children ages 6 months to 4 years. Parental sensitivity increased from pre‐ to post‐test, with a similar effect size to previous studies (d = .67). Results and practice implications are discussed, highlighting the importance of the support to providers reaching families of diverse origins.
Zoysia spp. putting green tolerance to postemergence herbicides
Authors: Pritchard Benjamin D. , Breeden Gregory K. , Brosnan James T. , Floyd Weston , Straw Chase M. , Reasor Eric H. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSpecies of Zoysia Willd. are used on approximately 9550 ha of golf course surfaces throughout the United States, primarily fairways and tees in transitional climates. Recently, cultivars featuring dwarf canopy height and improved quality have been released for putting green use; however, tolerance of these cultivars to postemergence herbicides is unknown. Field research was conducted in 2021 and 2022 evaluating the tolerance of Prizm® [Zoysia matrella (L.) Merr.] and Lazer® [Z. matrella (L.) Merr. × Zoysia minima (Colenso) Zotov] zoysiagrass to pyrimisulfan + penoxsulam (Aethon™), pyrimisulfan (Arkon™), flazasulfuron (Katana®), 2,4‐D + quinclorac + dicamba + sulfentrazone (Q4® Plus), 2,4‐D + MCPP + dicamba + carfentrazone (SpeedZone® EW), 2,4‐D + MCPP + dicamba + sulfentrazone (Surge®), and pyrimisulfan (formulated as a granule; Vexis®). A nontreated check was included for comparison. All of these herbicides have commercial labeling for use on zoysiagrass (Zoysia Willd.); however, none of these herbicides have labeling for use on zoysiagrass putting greens. Application rates in this study exceeded label maximums (for use on zoysiagrass) to ascertain the upper limits of Prizm® and Lazer® tolerance to these herbicides in Knoxville, TN and College Station, TX, respectively. Plots were arranged in randomized complete block design with four replications at both sites. Turfgrass injury was visually evaluated with data subjected to analysis of variance. Prizm® in Tennessee exhibited commercially acceptable tolerance to the applied herbicides, resulting in ≤8% injury either year. Lazer® in Texas sustained injury ranging from 21% to 61% and 10% to 31% in 2021 and 2022, respectively. Conditions of extreme heat and drought in Texas may have exacerbated differences in Lazer® tolerance to applied herbicides between years. Additional research across varying geographies and environmental conditions is needed to better understand tolerance of new zoysiagrass putting green lines, particularly within Z. minima.
Transcriptomic Analysis of the Protective Effect of Piperine on Orlistat Hepatotoxicity in Obese Male Wistar Rats
Authors: Ledesma‐Aparicio Jessica , Mailloux‐Salinas Patrick , Arias‐Chávez David Julian , Campos‐Pérez Elihu , Calixto‐Tlacomulco Sandra , Cruz‐Rangel Armando , Reyes‐Grajeda Juan Pablo , Bravo Guadalupe 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTObesity is a risk factor for the development of noncommunicable diseases that impair the quality of life. Orlistat is one of the most widely used drugs in the management of obesity due to its accessibility and low cost. However, cases of hepatotoxicity have been reported due to the consumption of this drug. On the other hand, piperine is an alkaloid found in black pepper that has demonstrated antiobesity, antihyperlipidemic, antioxidant, prebiotic, and hepatoprotective effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effect of piperine on the toxicity of orlistat in liver tissue. Obese male rats were administered piperine (30 mg/kg), orlistat (60 mg/kg), and the orlistat‐piperine combination (30 mg/kg + 60 mg/kg) daily for 6 weeks. It was observed that the orlistat‐piperine treatment resulted in greater weight loss, decreased biochemical markers (lipid profile, liver enzymes, pancreatic lipase activity), and histopathological analysis showed decreased hepatic steatosis and reduction of duodenal inflammation. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that the administration of piperine with orlistat increased the expression of genes related to the beta‐oxidation of fatty acids, carbohydrate metabolism, detoxification of xenobiotics, and response to oxidative stress. Therefore, the results suggest that the administration of orlistat‐piperine activates signaling pathways that confer a hepatoprotective effect, reducing the toxic impact of this drug.
Prognostic significance of novel muscle quality index utilization in hospitalized adults with cancer: A secondary analysis
Authors: da Costa Pereira Jarson P. , Prado Carla M. , Gonzalez M. Cristina , Cabral Poliana C. , de Oliveira Guedes Francisco F. , da Silva Diniz Alcides , Fayh Ana P. T. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to investigate and propose novel approaches to calculate muscle quality index (MQI) using muscle mass derived from single‐frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis (SF‐BIA) and calf circumference in both unadjusted and body mass index (BMI)–adjusted forms. In addition, we examined their prognostic significance in patients with cancer.MethodsA secondary analysis was conducted on a prospective cohort study of patients with cancer. Handgrip strength was measured. SF‐BIA was conducted to estimate appendicular lean soft tissue (ALST, in kilograms). MQI was calculated using three approaches: (1) the ratio of handgrip strength to ALST (MQISF‐BIA), (2) the ratio of handgrip strength to calf circumference (MQIcalf circumference), and (3) the ratio of handgrip strength to BMI‐adjusted calf circumference (MQIadj. calf circumference). Maximally selected log‐rank was calculated to estimate their cutoff values to predict survival.ResultsTwo hundred eighty‐four patients were included (51.1% men; median age, 61 years). Solid tumors were the most frequent (89.8%). All approaches to MQI (MQISF‐BIA, MQIcalf circumference, and MQIadj. calf circumference) were independent predictors of 6‐month mortality. The found cutoffs were (1) MQISF‐BIA (<1.52 for men, <0.63 for women), (2) MQIcalf circumference (<0.74 for men, <0.24 for women), and (3) MQIadj. calf circumference (<0.75 for men, <0.25 for women).ConclusionThis study introduces MQISF‐BIA, MQIcalf circumference, and MQIadj. calf circumference as future potential surrogate methods for computing MQI in clinical practice when other robust procedures are unavailable, pending further validation.
Rapid Identification of Chemical Constituents of Sanhua Decoction in Vivo and in Vitro and the Metabolites of Rhubarb Anthraquinone Aglycone by Ultra‐High Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Quadrupole Time‐of‐Flight Tandem Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Wang Xiang , Ma Jingmei , Qian Qi , Gao Le , Zhen Yaqin , Tian Yurou , Niu Liying , Wang Xinguo 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTSanhua Decoction (SHD) is a classic prescription for the treatment of stroke in the clinic. Based on the combination strategy in vitro and in vivo, the chemical constituents of SHD were characterized by ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time‐of‐flight tandem mass spectrometry, and the metabolites of five effective anthraquinone aglycones (emodin, chrysophanol, rhein, aloe‐emodin, and physcion) of rhubarb in SHD were studied. A total of 222 compounds were isolated and identified in vitro, including 50 flavonoids and their glycosides, 41 coumarins, 22 anthraquinones, 22 tannins, 14 phenylpropanoids, 16 alkaloids, 18 organic acids and their esters, 14 lignans, six anthrones, and 19 other compounds. A total of 111 prototype components were isolated and identified in vivo. Among them, 26, 82, 101, and 46 prototype components and 87 metabolites were detected in plasma, urine, feces, and bile for the first time. This study provides a basis for the identification of chemical components in vivo and in vitro and the analysis of potential pharmacodynamic components of SHD, and provides a basis for further study of pharmacodynamic mechanism.