bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disinfection of anaerobic/aerobic sanitary effluent using ozone: Formaldehyde formation
Authors: Slompo Nathalie Dyane Miranda , da Silva Gustavo Henrique Ribeiro 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe scarcity of natural resources supports the perspective of reusing treated effluents, mainly in agriculture, where the reduction in the demand of drinking water and the provision of alternative sources for nutrients are important. However, the process of disinfection, essential to the protection of human health, generates deleterious by‐products to both humans and the environment. This research aimed to evaluate the use of ozone as a disinfectant for wastewater treated by anaerobic/aerobic baffled reactor for later agricultural reuse. Disinfection tests were conducted by applying ozone, in batch, with applied dosages of 5, 8, and 10 mg O3/L and contact time of 7 min. All the tests led to formaldehyde formation, therefore within the standard suggested by the World Health Organization. For the indicators total coliforms and Escherichia coli, the ozone was considered effective, satisfying the criteria for agricultural reuse according to the World Health Organization of a dosage of 8 mg O3/L.Practitioner Points

Proposal of decentralized system (anaerobic/aerobic baffled reactor + ozone disinfection) for effluent treatment for agricultural reuse.

Formation of formaldehyde dependent on applied ozone dose.

Demand of ozone consumed preferentially for the formation of by‐products, with low removal of COD.

High formaldehyde formation (high ozone demand) can impair the inactivation of pathogens.

System promotes effluent that meets the standards established by the World Health Organization (WHO) for agricultural reuse.
Galectin-3, a novel endogenous TREM2 ligand, detrimentally regulates inflammatory response in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Boza-Serrano Antonio , Ruiz Rocío , Sanchez-Varo Raquel , García-Revilla Juan , Yang Yiyi , Jimenez-Ferrer Itzia , Paulus Agnes , Wennström Malin , Vilalta Anna , Allendorf David , Davila Jose Carlos , Stegmayr John , Jiménez Sebastian , Roca-Ceballos Maria A. , Navarro-Garrido Victoria , Swanberg Maria , Hsieh Christine L. , Real Luis M. , Englund Elisabet , Linse Sara , Leffler Hakon , Nilsson Ulf J. , Brown Guy C. , Gutierrez Antonia , Vitorica Javier , Venero Jose Luis , Deierborg Tomas 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease in which the formation of extracellular aggregates of amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide, fibrillary tangles of intraneuronal tau and microglial activation are major pathological hallmarks. One of the key molecules involved in microglial activation is galectin-3 (gal3), and we demonstrate here for the first time a key role of gal3 in AD pathology. Gal3 was highly upregulated in the brains of AD patients and 5xFAD (familial Alzheimer’s disease) mice and found specifically expressed in microglia associated with Aβ plaques. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the LGALS3 gene, which encodes gal3, were associated with an increased risk of AD. Gal3 deletion in 5xFAD mice attenuated microglia-associated immune responses, particularly those associated with TLR and TREM2/DAP12 signaling. In vitro data revealed that gal3 was required to fully activate microglia in response to fibrillar Aβ. Gal3 deletion decreased the Aβ burden in 5xFAD mice and improved cognitive behavior. Interestingly, a single intrahippocampal injection of gal3 along with Aβ monomers in WT mice was sufficient to induce the formation of long-lasting (2 months) insoluble Aβ aggregates, which were absent when gal3 was lacking. High-resolution microscopy (stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy) demonstrated close colocalization of gal3 and TREM2 in microglial processes, and a direct interaction was shown by a fluorescence anisotropy assay involving the gal3 carbohydrate recognition domain. Furthermore, gal3 was shown to stimulate TREM2–DAP12 signaling in a reporter cell line. Overall, our data support the view that gal3 inhibition may be a potential pharmacological approach to counteract AD.
The Identity Theory of Powers Revised
Authors: Giannotti Joaquim 
Published: April 2019

AbstractDispositionality and qualitativity are key notions to describe the world that we inhabit. Dispositionality is a matter of what a thing is disposed to do in certain circumstances. Qualitativity is a matter of how a thing is like. According to the Identity Theory of powers, every fundamental property is at once dispositional and qualitative, or a powerful quality. Canonically, the Identity Theory holds a contentious identity claim between a property’s dispositionality and its qualitativity. In the literature, this view faces a contradiction objection that undermines its merits. We should therefore consider an alternative version that does not embrace the identity claim. My aim is to show that we can enjoy the benefits of the Identity Theory without embracing the identity between the dispositional and the qualitative. I shall argue that a distinction between two senses of dispositionality and qualitativity serves the purpose. I will then discuss three readings of the identity claim that can be formulated in light of such a distinction. I will conclude that even if the identity were to fail in any of the suggested readings, it would be possible to hold an account of fundamental powerful qualities.
THE IPUMS COLLABORATION: INTEGRATING AND DISSEMINATING THE WORLD’S POPULATION MICRODATA
Authors: Ruggles Steven , McCaa Robert , Sobek Matthew , Cleveland Lara 
Published: April 2019

Abstract:The Integrated Public Use Microdata Series (IPUMS)-International partnership is a project of the Minnesota Population Center and national statistical agencies, dedicated to collecting and distributing census data from around the world. IPUMS is currently disseminating data on over a half-billion persons enumerated in more than 250 census samples from 79 countries. The data series includes information on a broad range of population characteristics, including fertility, nuptiality, life-course transitions, migration, labor-force participation, occupational structure, education, ethnicity, and household composition. This paper describes sample characteristics and data structure; the data integration process including the creation of constructed family interrelationship variables; the flexible dissemination system that enables researchers to build customized extracts of pooled census samples across time and place; and some of the most significant findings that have emerged from the database.
Marketing by Design
Authors: Nichols John P. 
Published: April 2019

The Southern Agricultural Economics Association has made great contributions to our profession. In doing so, it has provided a platform for its members to conduct research, teaching, and Extension education that contributed significantly to the economic growth and success of Southern agriculture and rural communities. I am humbled by the honor received through this Lifetime Achievement Award and want to thank the association and the many colleagues across the profession and in my department at Texas A&M University for their partnership and support over the years. I also want to thankmy wife and family for the contributions they have made to my professional career. Their interest and understanding helped me see through some of the difficult choices and times; and they were there for the celebrations as well. In this article, I have chosen a theme that, to me, has defined much of my professional career. We all have stories or life narratives. This is one of mine.How can farmers engage in, or influence, downstream marketing activities in a way that increases returns for what would otherwise be a simple sale of a commodity at the market price? The idea of design in the context of marketing decisions of farmers evolved in my mind as the result of early experience on the farm and exposure in college to ideas that have influenced my career ever since.
Between government unilateralism and corporatist bargaining: public sector pension reforms in the UK and Ireland, 2000s–2010s
Authors: Park Sung Ho 
Published: April 2019

AbstractStudies on welfare reform in advanced European countries have identified two established paths to welfare retrenchment: government unilateralism and corporatist bargaining. This study explores a more complicated path to welfare reform, wherein governments pursue ‘non-corporatist’ bargaining by actively combining features of unilateralism and negotiation. Such a hybrid case is explained by employing an ‘insider-outsider’ framework for public policy reform. The key argument is that the presence of exclusive insiders complicates the reform process, disqualifying both unilateralism and corporatist bargaining as feasible options for benefit cuts. The author demonstrates the validity of this claim by examining three cases of public sector pension retrenchment in the UK and Ireland during the 2000s and 2010s. Defying the common expectation that benefit cuts in residual welfare states would be promoted with government unilateralism, the public sector pension reforms in the UK and Ireland exhibited more complicated features which combined governments' unilateral initiatives andad hocnegotiations with public sector unions. Future studies may build on this finding to examine hybrid reform cases in a general European context.
Report on the recent advances performed in the determination of radiative parameters for spectral lines of astrophysical interest in heavy elements
Authors: Quinet Pascal 
Published: April 2019

AbstractWe present an overview of the advances made during the past 15 years by the Atomic Physics and Astrophysics Group of Mons University regarding the analysis of the spectra, the transition probabilities, and the radiative lifetimes in heavy elements. More precisely, this review is focused on neutral and lowly ionized atoms belonging to the lanthanide group, the fifth row, and the sixth row of the periodic table (Z = 37–86), for which a very large amount of new data has been obtained.
The Interstellar Abundance of Lead: Experimental Oscillator Strengths for Pb ii λ1203 and λ1433 and New Detections of Pb ii in the Interstellar Medium
Authors: Ritchey A. M. , Heidarian N. , Irving R. E. , Federman S. R. , Ellis D. G. , Cheng S. , Curtis L. J. , Furman W. A. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractWe present the first experimentally determined oscillator strengths for the Pb ii transitions at 1203.6 Å and 1433.9 Å, obtained from lifetime measurements made using beam-foil techniques. We also present new detections of these lines in the interstellar medium from an analysis of archival spectra acquired by the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph onboard the Hubble Space Telescope. Our observations of the Pb ii λ1203 line represent the first detection of this transition in interstellar gas. Our experimental f-values for the Pb ii λ1203 and λ1433 transitions are consistent with recent theoretical results, including our own relativistic calculations, but are significantly smaller than previous values based on older calculations. Our new f-value for Pb ii λ1433 (0.321 ± 0.034) yields an increase in the interstellar abundance of Pb of 0.43 dex over estimates based on the f-value listed by Morton. With our revised f-values, and with our new detections of Pb ii λ1203 and λ1433, we find that the depletion of Pb onto interstellar grains is not nearly as severe as previously thought, and is very similar to the depletions seen for elements such as Zn and Sn, which have similar condensation temperatures.
Identifying New Molecules from Comparison of Herschel-HIFI Spectra with ab initio Computational Spectra
Authors: Rangwala Naseem , Huang Xinchuan , Colgan Sean , Lee Timothy , Fortenberry Ryan 
Published: April 2019

AbstractWe will identify new molecules in the interstellar medium by comparing a catalog of theoretical spectra generated by the NASA Ames quantum chemistry group with recent high-resolution astronomical line surveys.
Coronene and Pyrene (5,7)-member Ring Defects
Authors: Öttl Silvia , Huber Stefan E. , Kimeswenger Stefan 
Published: April 2019

AbstractPolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are one of the most interesting components of the interstellar medium (ISM). But different from laboratory - the isolation of a single species is not possible. The spectra contain a superposition of many different molecules. Therefore a sophisticated understanding of all possible subtypes is required. We present an investigation of the IR spectra of PAHs containing (5, 7)-member ring defects. Using density functional theory, the influence of those defects on the IR spectra of coronene (C24H12) and pyrene (C16H10) and their cations and anions were examined in detail. Additionally, the potential energy surface of the neutral species is explored and an alternative formation pathway is taken into account.
Laboratory Astrophysics with COSmIC: Interstellar and Planetary Applications
Authors: Salama Farid , Contreras Cesar S. , Sciamma-O'Brien Ella , Bejaoui Salma 
Published: April 2019

AbstractWe discuss the capabilities of the laboratory facility, COSmIC, that was developed to generate, process and analyze interstellar, circumstellar and planetary analogs in the laboratory
The survival of PAHs and (hydro)carbon nanoparticles in H II regions
Authors: Micelotta Elisabetta R. , Bocchio Marco , Rémy-Ruyer Aurélie , Köhler Melanie , Ysard Nathalie , Jones Anthony P. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractObservations show that emission from the Unidentified Infrared (UIR) bands is strongly suppressed in H II regions. UIR bands are generally attributed to vibrational relaxation of FUV - excited Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) molecules or hydrocarbon nanoparticles containing aromatic domains. If the strongly reduced UIR emission in H II regions is due to the suppression of the carriers, an efficient destruction mechanism is required to explain observations. The aim of this work is to clarify whether UV processing of PAHs and nanoparticles is indeed responsible for the observed lack of infrared emission. We present here our first results on the physical response to photo-processing of the proposed UIR-bands carriers.
Amorphous Silica and Carbon-rich nanotemplated surfaces as model interstellar dust surfaces for laboratory astrochemistry
Authors: Pascual Natalia , Dawes A. , Gonz'alez-Posada F. , Chakarov D. , Thompson N. , Mason N. J. , Fraser H. J. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractTraditional laboratory studies on dust-ice systems have proved how the nature of the dust surface significantly affects ice structure and reactivity. Although the surface composition effects have been widely studied recently, no attention has been paid to the dust sizes. We show how dust the grains size and topography, as well as their composition, affects their interaction with light and the morphology of water ice mantles on top of them.
Characterization of laser-driven Radiative shock of Astrophysical interests
Authors: Chaulagain U. , Stehlé C. , Larour J. , Kozlová M. , Suzuki-Vidal F. , Nejdl J. , Singh R. L. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractWe highlight the recent experimental results on laser-driven radiative shock waves of astrophysical interests using kJ PALS laser facility. The generated shock is probed instantaneously by X-ray laser (λ = 21.2 nm) showing an unambiguous shock structure that includes both the post-shock and the precursor.
Laboratory Astrophysics Data Needed for James Webb Space Telescope Science Investigations
Authors: Sonneborn George 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) is an infrared-optimized astrophysics observatory to be launched in 2018. JWST is designed to find and study the first galaxies that formed in the early universe, to peer through dusty clouds to see star and planet formation at high spatial resolution, to obtain spectra for characterizing exoplanet atmospheres, and of rocky and icy bodies throughout the Solar System. Laboratory Astrophysics needs are related to molecular/solid data for exoplanet atmospheres and rocky/icy surfaces in the Solar System.
Synthesis of monodisperse Fe@SiO2 core‐shell nanocapsules and investigation of their magnetic behaviour
Authors: Zeng Wen , Yang Qiqi , Shao Bin , Guo Donglin , Li Chunhong , Ma Yilong , Yin Xueguo , Zhao Sibo , Li Kejian 
Published: April 2019

The monodisperse Fe@SiO2 core‐shell nanocapsules were synthesised via hydrothermal reaction followed with heat treatment. Nanostructures were characterised by X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The magnetic properties of Fe@SiO2 nanocapsules were evaluated with magnetic property measurement system. The results show that Fe@SiO2 core‐shell nanocapsules are highly monodispersed. The silica thickness of Fe@SiO2 nanocapsules increased from 10–20 to 25–35 nm with increasing tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) amount. In the Fe@SiO2 nanocapsules prepared with 900 μl TEOS, as the reaction temperature increases, the mean particle size of Fe@SiO2 nanocapsules increases from 328 to 546 nm. It is remarkable that the saturation magnetisation of Fe@SiO2 nanocapsules decreases with increasing silica thickness. However, the coercivity of nanocapsules has less influence with the variation of silica thickness and particles’ length.
How the power spectrum of dust continuum images may hide the presence of a characteristic filament width
Authors: Roy A. , André Ph. , Arzoumanian D. , Miville-Deschênes M.-A. , Könyves V. , Schneider N. , Pezzuto S. , Palmeirim P. , Kirk J. M. 
Published: April 2019

Context. Herschel observations of interstellar clouds support a paradigm for star formation in which molecular filaments play a central role. One of the foundations of this paradigm is the finding, based on detailed studies of the transverse column density profiles observed with Herschel, that nearby molecular filaments share a common inner width of ∼0.1 pc. The existence of a characteristic filament width has been recently questioned, however, on the grounds that it seems inconsistent with the scale-free nature of the power spectrum of interstellar cloud images.
Aims. In an effort to clarify the origin of this apparent discrepancy, we examined the power spectra of the Herschel/SPIRE 250 μm images of the Polaris, Aquila, and Taurus–L1495 clouds in detail and performed a number of simple numerical experiments by injecting synthetic filaments in both the Herschel images and synthetic background images.
Methods. We constructed several populations of synthetic filaments of 0.1 pc width with realistic area filling factors (Afil) and distributions of column density contrasts (δc). After adding synthetic filaments to the original Herschel images, we recomputed the image power spectra and compared the results with the original, essentially scale-free power spectra. We used the χ2variance of the residuals between the best power-law fit and the output power spectrum in each simulation as a diagnostic of the presence (or absence) of a significant departure from a scale-free power spectrum.
Results. We find that χ2variance depends primarily on the combined parameter δ22 Afil. According to our numerical experiments, a significant departure from a scale-free behavior and thus the presence of a characteristic filament width become detectable in the power spectrum when δ22 Afil ⪆ 0.1 for synthetic filaments with Gaussian profiles and δ22 Afil ⪆ 0.4 for synthetic filaments with Plummer-like density profiles. Analysis of the real Herschel 250 μm data suggests that δ22 Afil is ∼0.01 in the case of the Polaris cloud and ∼0.016 in the Aquila cloud, significantly below the fiducial detection limit of δ22 Afil ∼ 0.1 in both cases. In both clouds, the observed filament contrasts and area filling factors are such that the filamentary structure contributes only ∼1/5 of the power in the image power spectrum at angular frequencies where an effect of the characteristic filament width is expected.
Conclusions. We conclude that the essentially scale-free power spectra of Herschel images remain consistent with the existence of a characteristic filament width ∼0.1 pc and do not invalidate the conclusions drawn from studies of the filament profiles.
Spectroscopic transit search: a self-calibrating method for detecting planets around bright stars
Authors: van Sluijs Lennart , de Mooij Ernst , Kenworthy Matthew , Celeste Maggie , Hooton Matthew J. , Mamajek Eric E. , Sipőcz Brigitta , Snellen Ignas. A. G. , Ridden-Harper Andrew R. , Wilson Paul A. 
Published: April 2019

Aims. We aim to search for transiting exoplanets around the star β Pictoris using high-resolution spectroscopy and Doppler imaging that removes the need for standard star observations. These data were obtained on the VLT with UVES during the course of an observing campaign throughout 2017 that monitored the Hill sphere transit of the exoplanet β Pictoris b.
Methods. We utilized line profile tomography as a method for the discovery of transiting exoplanets. By measuring the exoplanet distortion of the stellar line profile, we removed the need for reference star measurements. We demonstrated the method with white noise simulations, and then looked at the case of β Pictoris, which is a δ Scuti pulsator. We describe a method to remove the stellar pulsations and perform a search for any transiting exoplanets in the resultant data set. We injected fake planet transits with varying orbital periods and planet radii into the spectra and determined the recovery fraction.
Results. In the photon noise limited case we can recover planets down to a Neptune radius with an ~80% success rate, using an 8 m telescope with a R ~ 100 000 spectrograph and 20 min of observations per night. The pulsations of β Pictoris limit our sensitivity to Jupiter-sized planets, but a pulsation removal algorithm improves this limit to Saturn-sized planets. We present two planet candidates, but argue that their signals are most likely caused by other phenomena.
Conclusions. We have demonstrated a method for searching for transiting exoplanets that (i) does not require ancillary calibration observations, (ii) can work on any star whose rotational broadening can be resolved with a high spectral dispersion spectrograph, and (iii) provides the lowest limits so far on the radii of transiting Jupiter-sized exoplanets around β Pictoris with orbital periods from 15 days to 200 days with >50% coverage.