bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Activation of Wnt signaling promotes olaparib resistant ovarian cancer
Authors: Yamamoto Tomomi M. , McMellen Alexandra , Watson Zachary L. , Aguilera Jennifer , Ferguson Rebecca , Nurmemmedov Elmar , Thakar Tanay , Moldovan George‐Lucian , Kim Hyunmin , Cittelly Diana M. , Joglar Annette M. , Brennecke Elyse P. , Wilson Heidi , Behbakht Kian , Sikora Matthew J. , Bitler Benjamin G. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractEpithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) has one of the highest death to incidence ratios among all cancers. High grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) is the most common and deadliest EOC histotype due to the lack of therapeutic options following debulking surgery and platinum/taxane‐based chemotherapies. For recurrent chemosensitive HGSOC, poly(ADP)‐ribose polymerase inhibitors (PARPi; olaparib, rucaparib, or niraparib) represent an emerging treatment strategy. While PARPi are most effective in homologous recombination DNA repair‐deficient (HRD) HGSOCs, recent studies have observed a significant benefit in non‐HRD HGSOCs. However, all HGSOC patients are likely to acquire resistance. Therefore, there is an urgent clinical need to understand PARPi resistance and to introduce novel combinatorial therapies to manage PARPi resistance and extend HGSOC disease‐free intervals. In a panel of HGSOC cell lines, we established matched olaparib sensitive and resistant cells. Transcriptome analysis of the matched olaparib‐sensitive vs ‐resistant cells revealed activation of the Wnt signaling pathway and consequently increased TCF transcriptional activity in PARPi‐resistant cells. Forced activation of canonical Wnt signaling in several PARPi‐sensitive cells via WNT3A reduced olaparib and rucaparib sensitivity. PARPi resistant cells were sensitive to inhibition of Wnt signaling using the FDA‐approved compound, pyrvinium pamoate, which has been shown to promote downregulation of β‐catenin. In both an HGSOC cell line and a patient‐derived xenograft model, we observed that combining pyrvinium pamoate with olaparib resulted in a significant decrease in tumor burden. This study demonstrates that Wnt signaling can mediate PARPi resistance in HGSOC and provides a clinical rationale for combining PARP and Wnt inhibitors.
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor promotes the invasion and metastasis of oral squamous cell carcinoma through matrix metalloprotein‐2/9
Authors: Wang Sha‐Sha , Zheng Min , Pang Xin , Zhang Mei , Yu Xiang‐Hua , Wu Jing‐Biao , Gao Xiao‐Lei , Wu Jia‐Shun , Yang Xiao , Tang Ya‐Jie , Tang Ya‐Ling , Liang Xin‐Hua 
Published: June 2019

AbstractMacrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) has been shown to closely associate with the malignant progression of a variety of human carcinomas. However, the role and its underlying molecular mechanisms of MIF in the invasion and metastasis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) still remains unclear. Here, we found that MIF silencing reduced the cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, as well as matrix metalloprotein‐2 (MMP‐2) and MMP‐9 in OSCC cells. Overexpression of MMP‐2 or MMP‐9 restored the migration and invasion of MIF‐knockdown cells, indicating that MMP‐2 and MMP‐9 are downstream targets of MIF. In the xenograft model, MIF silencing inhibited tumor growth and in lymph metastasis model, MIF silencing reduced tumor metastasis. More importantly, immunohistochemistry staining in a tissue microarray (TMA) demonstrated that MIF expression was positively correlated with clinic stage, recurrence, metastasis, and poor prognosis of patients with OSCC as well as with the levels of MMP‐2 or MMP‐9 in TMA. Therefore, our findings suggest that MIF may promote the invasion and metastasis of OSCC through the activation of MMP‐2 and MMP‐9 and prompt further investigation into the therapeutic value of MIF for OSCC treatment.
Parkinsonism in essential tremor cases: A clinicopathological study
Authors: Rajput Ali H. , Rajput Emma F. , Bocking Sarah M. , Auer Roland N. , Rajput Alex 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundEssential tremor and Parkinson's syndrome are two common movement disorders that may co‐occur in some individuals. There is no diagnostic neuropathology for essential tremor, but in PD and other Parkinson's syndrome variants, the neuropathology is well known. The spectrum of Parkinson's syndrome variants associated with essential tremor, their clinical features, and course have not been determined in autopsy‐confirmed cases.ObjectivesTo identify: diagnostic features of essential tremor/Parkinson's syndrome, different Parkinson's syndrome variants, and long‐term clinical profile in such cases.MethodsPatients that had an essential tremor diagnosis and a subsequent clinical or pathological diagnosis of Parkinson's syndrome seen in our clinic during 50 years were included. The diagnosis of parkinsonism was made when bradykinesia, rigidity, and resting tremor were all clinically evident.ResultsTwenty‐one cases were included. All the common variants of parkinsonism co‐occurred with essential tremor. The most common was PD (67%) followed by PSP. The pathological findings were not predicted clinically in 2 cases that had essential tremor/PD and in all 5 essential tremor/PSP cases.ConclusionIn most essential tremor/Parkinson's syndrome patients, the main motor features of parkinsonism—bradykinesia, rigidity, and resting tremor—were identifiable. All known degenerative Parkinson's syndrome variants co‐occurred in essential tremor patients. © 2019 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
The interindividual variability of transcranial magnetic stimulation effects: Implications for diagnostic use in movement disorders
Authors: Latorre Anna , Rocchi Lorenzo , Berardelli Alfredo , Bhatia Kailash P. , Rothwell John C. 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTBackgroundA large number of methods have been described that use transcranial magnetic stimulation to probe the physiology of the human motor cortex. Since the 1990s, hundreds of papers have used them to investigate neurophysiological signatures of different types of movement disorders. However, in recent years there has been increasing recognition of the interindividual variability of these measures and a focus on estimating their reliability and reproducibility. Although this work has been carried out in healthy individuals, it is highly relevant to movement disorders because it may impact the validity of some accepted (“canonical”) neurophysiological biomarkers. The aim of this review is to reexamine the diagnostic usefulness of transcranial magnetic stimulation methods in movement disorders in the context of present knowledge of methodological variability.MethodsWe conducted a search of the PubMed database for research and review articles on transcranial magnetic stimulation and its diagnostic utility in movement disorders (specifically Parkinson's disease and atypical parkinsonism, dystonia, Tourette syndrome and other chronic tic disorders, Huntington's disease, and essential tremor). We highlighted contradictions in the literature and common misconceptions with the aim of providing a clearer picture of the reliability of these measures in differential diagnosis of movement disorders.ConclusionAlthough there is no doubt that these studies have provided useful insight into the pathophysiology of movement disorders, there is a clear disagreement among many studies that questions the validity of some of the so called “canonical” findings as diagnostic markers. However, useful findings remain and even those with higher variability can be used to support clinical diagnosis in selected cases. © 2019 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Effects of early intravesical administration of resiniferatoxin to spinal cord‐injured rats in neurogenic detrusor overactivity
Authors: Oliveira Raquel , Coelho Ana , Franquinho Filipa , Sousa Mónica M. , Cruz Francisco , D. Cruz Célia 
Published: June 2019

AbstractObjectivesTo investigate if intravesical administration during spinal shock of resiniferatoxin (RTX), an ultrapotent desensitizing agonist of transient receptor potential vanilloid‐1 (TRPV1), would silence TRPV1‐expressing bladder afferents at an early stage of disease progression and modulate neurogenic detrusor overactivity (NDO) emergence.Materials and MethodsRats submitted to largely incomplete spinal cord transection at T8/9 spinal segment were treated with intravesical RTX (50 nM) or its vehicle during spinal shock. Four weeks after spinal lesion, bladder‐reflex activity was evaluated by cystometry under urethane anesthesia, after which the bladder, spinal cord, and dorsal root ganglia were collected and processed.ResultsWe found improvements on bladder function several weeks after early intravesical RTX administration, including a marked decrease of intravesical pressures and amplitude of bladder contractions. Such strong long‐lasting urodynamic effects resulted from the very potent desensitizing activity of RTX on peripheral terminals of sensory afferents, an effect restricted to the bladder.ConclusionOur results support that an early intervention with RTX could potentially attenuate NDO development and ensuing urinary incontinence, with a dramatic impact on the quality of life of spinal cord injury patients.
Backward error analysis for linearizations in heavily damped quadratic eigenvalue problem
Authors: Chen Hongjia , Meng Jie , Sakurai Tetsuya , Wang Xiang 
Published: June 2019

SummaryHeavily damped quadratic eigenvalue problem (QEP) is a special type of QEPs. It has a large gap between small and large eigenvalues in absolute value. One common way for solving QEP is to linearize the original problem via linearizations. Previous work on the accuracy of eigenpairs of not heavily damped QEP focuses on analyzing the backward error of eigenpairs relative to linearizations. The objective of this paper is to explain why different linearizations lead to different errors when computing small and large eigenpairs. To obtain this goal, we bound the backward error of eigenpairs relative to the linearization methods. Using these bounds, we build upper bounds of growth factors for the backward error. We present results of numerical experiments that support the predictions of the proposed methods.
Validating a new total quality management‐benchmarking measurement model in an international humanitarian setting
Authors: Mahmoud Ali B. , Alatrash Mayssa , Fuxman Leonora , Hack‐Polay Dieu , Grigoriou Nicholas 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe research aims to empirically validate a multidimensional measure of total quality management (TQM) benchmarking within a humanitarian setting. This study is the first to investigate the dimensionality of the TQM benchmarks as used by international nongovernmental organizations (INGOs). The proposed four‐dimensional construct for measuring quality lends itself to lean and practical TQM framework for INGOs, allowing them a greater awareness and an appetite for aligning their operations with TQM principles. Utilizing survey data collected from participants working for United Nations agencies in the Middle East, the methodology consisted of a set of literature‐backed quantitative procedures to test the validity of the previously suggested theoretical TQM‐measurement model. An alternate model emerged and revealed that the TQM‐benchmarking measurement model is a four‐factor variate. The implications of the proposed model for implementing lean management practices by INGOs are discussed.
Lung ultrasound score as early predictor of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in very low birth weight infants
Authors: Alonso‐Ojembarrena Almudena , Lubián‐López Simón Pedro 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundLung ultrasound (LU) has been widely used to diagnose and monitor acute lung diseases in neonates, but its role in chronic diseases has not been elucidated.ObjectiveWe aim to describe the evolution of a lung ultrasound score (LU score) in very low birth weight infants (VLBWI) with and without bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD).MethodsWe prospectively included 59 VLBWI and performed LU in the first 24 and 72 hours of life, and then weekly until 36 weeks´ postmenstrual age (PMA). We calculated the LU score as a semiquantitative score representing the aeration (0‐3) in three different areas of each lung.ResultsThe non‐BPD group (n = 38) had lower LU score at 1, 2, 3, 4, and 36 weeks' PMA than the BPD group: median score of 1 (0‐4) vs 7 (3‐10), P < .001; 0 (0‐1) vs 7 (4‐9), P < .001; 0 (0‐1) vs 8 (7‐11), P < .001; 0 (0‐2) vs 9 (4‐12), P < .001; 0 (0‐0) vs 3 (0‐6), P < .001. A LU score of 5 or above at 1 week of life predicted BPD with a sensitivity (Se) of 71%, specificity (Sp) 80%, area under the ROC curve (AUC) 0.8, and at 2 weeks of life with Se 74%, Sp 100%, and AUC 0.93. An LU score of 4 or above at 4 weeks predicted moderate‐severe BPD (Se 100%, Sp 80%, and AUC 0.89).ConclusionIn VLBWI without BPD, LU score increases during the first week of life and decreases thereafter, whereas among subjects with BPD, the LU score remains high until 36 weeks´ PMA. LU score can predict the diagnosis of BPD at 1 week and 2 weeks of life, and may predict moderate‐severe BPD at 4 weeks of life.
Insecticidal activities of cinnamic acid esters isolated fromOcimum gratissimumL. andVitellaria paradoxaGaertn leaves againstTribolium castaneumHebst (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)
Authors: Buxton Thomas , Takahashi Shiori , Eddy Doh Akpe‐Mary , Baffoe‐Ansah Joshua , Owusu Ebenezer Oduro , Kim Chul‐Sa 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDPest management using botanicals has been widely practiced in sub‐Saharan Africa and other parts of the world in recent times. The natural compounds present in these botanicals are known to be responsible for the protection they offer against insect pests. Some of these compounds may act as single compounds to produce an effect or they may be synergistically effective. In the present study using a bioassay guided approach, two cinnamic acid derivatives, methyl cinnamate and sitosterol cinnamate, were isolated from the leaves ofOcimum gratissimumandVitellaria paradoxa, respectively.RESULTSThe two cinnamic acid derivatives were found to show higher levels of insecticidal, larvicidal and larval growth inhibition activities againstTribolium castaneum. The LC50of methyl cinnamate was determined to be 26.92 mg mL−1(95% CL: 1.18.66–38.84 mg mL−1; slope ± SE: 2.84 ± 0.81) for the adult 8.31 mg mL−1(95% CL: 2.39–28.83 mg mL−1; slope ± SE: 0.66 ± 0.28) for the larvae while the LC50of sitosterol cinnamate was determined to be 6.92 mg mL−1(95% CL: 3.97–12.06 mg mL−1; slope ± SE: 1.59 ± 0.12) the adult and 3.91 mg mL−1(95% CL: 2.21–6.93 mg mL−1; slope ± SE: 1.52 ± 0.13) for the larvae.CONCLUSIONGenerally, the susceptibility of adultT. castaneumto these cinnamic acid esters can be directly associated with the concentration as well as time of exposure to the compounds. The isolated compounds support the use ofO. gratissimumandV. paradoxaas important botanicals for the management of storage pests. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
An enhanced CUSUM‐t chart for process mean
Authors: Haq Abdul , Abidin Zain Ul 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIn this paper, we propose an auxiliary‐information–based (AIB) Crosier cumulative sum (CCUSUM) t chart for monitoring the process mean, namely, the AIB‐CCUSUM‐t chart. The run length characteristics of the proposed chart are computed using Monte Carlo simulation. The optimal parameters for the AIB‐CCUSUM‐t chart to detect specific mean shifts are computed. The fast initial response (FIR) feature is also attached with the proposed chart. It is found that the AIB‐CCUSUM‐t and FIR‐AIB‐CCUSUM‐t charts perform uniformly and substantially better than the CCUSUM‐t and FIR‐CCUSUM‐t charts, respectively. An example is presented to support the theory.
Physiological relevance of ACOT8‐Nef interaction in HIV infection
Authors: Palmeira Julys da Fonseca , Argañaraz Gustavo A. , de Oliveira Guilherme Xavier Lyra Malcher , Argañaraz Enrique R. 
Published: June 2019

SUMMARYDuring human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, Nef viral protein plays a crucial role in viral pathogenesis and progression of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Nef is expressed in the early stages of infection and alters the cellular environment increasing infectivity, viral replication, and the evasion of host immune response through several mechanisms. Nef has numerous functional domains that allow it to interact with a number of proteins, interfering with intracellular traffic. Among these proteins, human peroxisomal thioesterase 8, ACOT8, has been shown to be an important cellular partner of Nef. It has been suggested that this interaction may be involved in Nef‐dependent endocytosis and also in the modulation of lipid composition in membrane rafts. However, the actual role of this interaction, as well as the mechanisms involved, has not yet been fully elucidated. In this review, we focused on the interplay between Nef and ACOT8 proteins, highlighting the possible physiological relevance in HIV infection.
Synchronized adaptive control for coordinating manipulators with time‐varying actuator constraint and uncertain dynamics
Authors: Wang Fujie , Liu Zhi , Chen C. L. Philip , Zhang Yun 
Published: June 2019

SummaryThis paper addresses the control issue for cooperative visual servoing manipulators on strongly connected graph with communication delays, in which case that the uncertain robot dynamics and kinematics, uncalibrated camera model, and actuator constraint are simultaneously considered. An adaptive cooperative image‐based approach is established to overcome the control difficulty arising from nonlinear coupling between visual model and robot agents. To estimate the coupled camera‐robot parameters, a novel adaptive strategy is developed and its superiority mainly lies in the containment of both individual image‐space errors and the synchronous errors among networked robots; thus, the cooperative performance is significantly strengthened. Moreover, the proposed cooperative controller with a Nussbaum‐type gain is implemented to both globally stabilize the closed‐loop systems and realize the synchronization control objective under the existence of unknown and time‐varying actuator constraint. Finally, simulations are carried out to validate the developed approach.
Dual superconformal symmetry of $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 2 Chern-Simons theory with fundamental matter at large N
Authors: Inbasekar Karthik , Jain Sachin , Majumdar Sucheta , Nayak Pranjal , Neogi Turmoli , Sinha Ritam , Sharma Tarun , Umesh V 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Dual conformal symmetry and Yangian symmetry are symmetries of amplitudes that have aided the study of scattering amplitudes in highly supersymmetric theories like

$$ \mathcal{N} $$

N

= 4 SYM and ABJM. However, in general such symmetries are absent from the theories with lesser or no supersymmetry. In this paper, we show that the tree level 2 → 2 scattering amplitude in the 3d

$$ \mathcal{N} $$

N

= 2 Chern-Simons theory coupled to a fundamental chiral multiplet is dual superconformal invariant. In the ’t Hooft large N limit, the 2 → 2 scattering amplitude in this theory has been shown to be tree-level exact in non-anyonic channels, while having only an overall multiplicative coupling dependent renormalisation in the anyonic channel. Therefore, the dual superconformal symmetry that we demonstrate in this paper is all loop exact. This is unlike the previously studied highly supersymmetric theories where dual superconformal symmetry is anomalous at loop levels.
Furthermore, we reverse the argument to study the extent to which dual superconformal invariance fixes the scattering amplitude in an

$$ \mathcal{N} $$

N

= 2 supersymmetric theory. We demonstrate that requiring the dual superconformal invariance completely fixes the momentum dependence of the 2 → 2 amplitude, while the coupling constant dependence remain unfixed. Further, we use a combination of parity invariance, unitarity and self-duality of the amplitude to constrain the coupling dependence of scattering amplitude.
Transforaminal Posterior Approach is Effective for Treatment of Lower Thoracic Spine Spondylodiscitis
Authors: Ibrahim Fady , Elkhateeb Tameem Mohamed , Abd El-Rady Abdelrady , Zayan Mohammed 
Published: June 2019

Background Patients with lower-thoracic spine pathologies that affect anterior column stability and compress the neural tissues need anterior decompression and reconstruction. Anterior approaches result in long-term morbidities. Posterior laminectomy and fixation alone may not be sufficient to maintain spine stability. Questions/Purposes To evaluate the results of a posterior-only transforaminal thoracic interbody fusion approach for patients with thoracic disc space infection in terms of the improvement in neurologic status, resolution of infection, correction of kyphotic deformity, and assessment of post-operative complications. Methods A prospective study was done on 40 patients with lower thoracic spine spondylodiscitis. All patients were assessed with pre-operative imaging. Neurologic assessment was performed using the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) Impairment Scale and functionally by the modified Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) scale. Pre-operative and post-operative white blood cell count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and C-reactive protein levels were compared. All patients were operated on through a posterior approach using the transforaminal thoracic interbody fusion for decompression, reconstruction, and anterior fusion. Results Mean age of patients was 49 years; mean operative period was 188 min; mean blood loss was 611 mL. Twelve patients’ ASIA scores improved and only two patients’ scores declined. One patient died 11 months post-operatively due to septicemia. The mean follow-up period was 27.8 months. The modified JOA score improved from 6.3 ± 1.6 to 9.5 ± 0.6. The local kyphosis angle was improved from 13.8 to 6.9° post-operatively, with insignificant loss of correction at the end of follow-up. Thirty-eight out of 40 patients had solid anterior fusion at the end of follow-up. Conclusion The clinical outcomes of this study showed that the transforaminal thoracic interbody approach is effective for both decompression and anterior reconstruction of the lower thoracic spine in patients with spondylodiscitis.
Developmental cascades of social competence, achievement in school, and achievement on standardized assessments during the transition to adolescence and secondary school
Authors: Okano L. , Jeon L. , Crandall A. , Powell T. , Riley A. 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTIntroductionSocial and academic functioning are cornerstones of positive youth development and important to later educational and health outcomes. Yet, little is known about how the timing and direction of relationships between social and academic functioning vary by the type of achievement assessed and how the transition to adolescence influences these relationships.MethodThis study employs longitudinal structural equation modeling to examine the interrelationships of children's social competence, teacher ratings of school achievement, and standardized assessments of cognitive achievement in a cohort of 1048 children in the United States.Results& Conclusions: Results identify 1) direct and indirect pathways from children's social competence in grades three and five to their school achievement in grades five and six; 2) significant pathways between school and cognitive achievement across all assessment points that decline in magnitude as students enter high school; 3) the magnitude of pathways between social competence and school achievement far exceed those between social competence and cognitive achievement; and 4) social and maturational factors account for variation in these functions but do not confound the timing and direction of the pathways from one to the other function. Given the importance of social competence and academic achievement to positive development, these findings demonstrate elementary school as an optimal and foundational period to implement universal interventions to optimize social functioning and prevent later academic difficulties in secondary school.