bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors influencing oral care in intubated intensive care patients
Authors: Tanguay Andréanne , LeMay Sylvie , Reeves Isabelle , Gosselin Émilie , St‐Cyr‐Tribble Denise 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe practice of oral care in intensive care settings remains inconsistent among intubated patients, yet these patients are at high risk of developing ventilator‐associated pneumonia. Therefore, it is important to adopt safe professional behaviour based on clinical practice guidelines. This study was based on Ajzen's (1985) theory of planned behavior, a conceptual framework that allows a better understanding of how internal and external factors influence behaviour adoption.Aims and objectivesTo study influential factors in how nurses practice oral care with intubated clients in intensive care settings, referring to the theory of planned behavior (TPB) constructs.DesignA cross‐sectional descriptive correlational design was conducted through a provincial postal survey in Quebec, Canada.MethodsA questionnaire was completed by 375 nurses working in intensive care units (ICUs).ResultsPerceived behavioural control and attitude were the most important determinants in the level of intention to engage in oral care. Knowledge, available human and material resources, and number of years of experience in critical care nursing also seemed to be significant influencing factors.ConclusionsThis study improved our understanding of the factors influencing the practice of oral care in intubated patients in the ICU, relying on TPB as an explanatory framework. It would be important to continue to study this professional behaviour and to work in collaboration with health care facilities to promote the importance of oral care as an imperative for the safety and quality of health care.Relevance to clinical practiceThe results of this study represent a solid foundation for advancing continuing education programmes and intensive care orientation programmes tailored to the needs of nurses.
CARD9 downregulation suppresses the growth of oral squamous cell carcinoma by regulating NF‐κB
Authors: Ye Li‐Jun , Zhou Xin‐Chun , Yin Xiao‐Jia , Shang Yu , Xiao Yue , Jiang Yu‐Ling , Wen Xin‐Xuan 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo discover the expression pattern and potential underlying mechanism of the caspase recruitment domain‐containing protein 9 (CARD9) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).MethodsCaspase recruitment domain‐containing protein 9 expression was detected by qRT‐PCR and Western blot in OSCC tissues and cells, and OSCC (CGHNC9 and OECM‐1) cell lines were divided into control, NC siRNA, and CARD9 siRNA groups. Then, MTT, flow cytometry, wound‐healing, and Transwell assays were carried out to determine the changes in cellular biological characteristics. Immunoblot assay was performed for the expressions of NF‐κB pathway. Finally, we constructed the xenograft models in nude mice to validate the in vivo effect of CARD9 siRNA on OSCC cell growth.ResultsCaspase recruitment domain‐containing protein 9 was upregulated in both OSCC tissues and cells, exhibiting a close relation with major clinicopathological features of OSCC patients. Transfection of CARD9 siRNA inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of OSCC cells with the enhanced cell apoptosis, and meanwhile, CARD9, p‐p65/p65, p‐IKKα/IKKα, and p‐IkBα/IkBα were downregulated. The tumor formation assay on nude mice also suggested that CARD9 siRNA might block the in vivo growth of OSCC cells.ConclusionCaspase recruitment domain‐containing protein 9 suppression results in the upregulation of NF‐κB pathway with suppressed proliferation, migration, and invasion of OSCC cells and facilitates the apoptosis.
Successful early sofosbuvir‐based antiviral treatment after transplantation of kidneys from HCV‐viremic donors into HCV‐negative recipients
Authors: Friebus‐Kardash Justa , Gäckler Anja , Kribben Andreas , Witzke Oliver , Wedemeyer Heiner , Treckmann Jürgen , Herzer Kerstin , Eisenberger Ute 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundTransplanting kidneys from deceased donors with hepatitis C virus (HCV) viremia has been controversial for some time. Direct‐acting antiviral agents have been shown to be highly effective in treating HCV infection. We report our experience with transplanting kidneys from HCV‐positive donors with detectable viremia into HCV‐negative recipients, followed by early treatment with a sofosbuvir‐based antiviral regimen.MethodsData were collected from seven HCV‐negative recipients receiving kidneys from five deceased HCV‐viremic donors. Before transplantation, all intentional transplanted recipients had given informed consent regarding the acceptance of an HCV‐viremic kidney. Recipients were closely monitored after transplant with measurements of HCV viremia, liver and renal function, and trough levels of immunosuppressive drugs.ResultsFour donors were infected with HCV genotype 1; the other with HCV genotype 3a. HCV viremia was detectable in all seven renal transplant recipients within 3 days after transplant. After determination of HCV genotype, antiviral treatment with a sofosbuvir‐based regimen (sofosbuvir/ledipasvir, n = 4; sofosbuvir/velpatasvir, n = 3) was initiated within a median of 7 days after transplantation and was continued for 8 to 12 weeks. For all recipients, viral load was below the level of detection at the end of treatment, and all exhibited a sustained virologic response 12 weeks later. All recipients exhibited normal liver enzyme activity at the end of treatment. Renal allograft function and trough levels of tacrolimus remained stable.ConclusionsEarly administration of a sofosbuvir‐based regimen to HCV‐negative recipients of kidneys from HCV‐viremic donors is feasible and safe. The definition of an optimal therapeutic approach warrants further investigation.
Enhanced upwelling and phosphorite formation in the northeastern Pacific during the late Oligocene: Depositional mechanisms, environmental conditions, and the impact of glacio-eustacy
Authors: Schöllhorn Iris , Houben Alexander , Gertsch Brian , Adatte Thierry , Alexey Ulianov , de Kaenel Eric , Spangenberg Jorge E. , Janssen Nico , Schwennicke Tobias , Föllmi Karl B. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe late Oligocene–early Miocene interval records a discernable episode of phosphorite formation, which is considered as the first of four main phosphogenic episodes during the late early and late Cenozoic. In order to better constrain the processes leading to widespread phosphorite formation we present new radiometric, geochemical, palynological, and sedimentological data from a drill core of the Roca Fosfórica Mexicana phosphorite mine at San Juan de la Costa, Baja California Sur (Mexico). In this region, phosphogenesis was enabled by the combination of high productivity and low sediment-accumulation rates due to enhanced upwelling and low detrital input related to regionally dry climate conditions. Phosphatic particles were formed in a shallow and well-oxygenated setting, subsequently concentrated by winnowing, and transported by gravity currents, which were mostly triggered by seismic activity. Following their deposition in a deeper and less well oxygenated setting pervasive phosphogenesis contributed to cementing the accumulated phosphatic grains.Correlation with global paleoclimate records suggests that this phosphogenic episode was linked to the expansion of the Antarctic ice sheet. Glacial weathering and the establishment of large-amplitude glacio-eustatic variations enhanced phosphorus supply on a global scale. Both glacial and interglacial phases participated in enhancing primary productivity in oceans, increasing the phosphorus flux into sediments, and favoring phosphogenesis, with glaciation being the prime cause.In addition, radiometric ages obtained in this study (28.62, 28.1, 27.19, 27.08, and 26.94 Ma) indicate that the onset of the late Oligocene–early Miocene phosphogenic episode was diachronous on a global scale with 2–3 m.y. older ages in the eastern Pacific in comparison to the Mediterranean and central Atlantic. This delay is explained by regional differences in paleoenvironmental and paleoceanographic conditions.
Social media captures demographic and regional physical activity
Authors: Cesare Nina , Nguyen Quynh C , Grant Christan , Nsoesie Elaine O 
Published: July 2019

ObjectivesWe examined the use of data from social media for surveillance of physical activity prevalence in the USA.MethodsWe obtained data from the social media site Twitter from April 2015 to March 2016. The data consisted of 1 382 284 geotagged physical activity tweets from 481 146 users (55.7% men and 44.3% women) in more than 2900 counties. We applied machine learning and statistical modelling to demonstrate sex and regional variations in preferred exercises, and assessed the association between reports of physical activity on Twitter and population-level inactivity prevalence from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.ResultsThe association between physical inactivity tweet patterns and physical activity prevalence varied by sex and region. Walking was the most popular physical activity for both men and women across all regions (15.94% (95% CI 15.85% to 16.02%) and 18.74% (95% CI 18.64% to 18.88%) of tweets, respectively). Men and women mentioned performing gym-based activities at approximately the same rates (4.68% (95% CI 4.63% to 4.72%) and 4.13% (95% CI 4.08% to 4.18%) of tweets, respectively). CrossFit was most popular among men (14.91% (95% CI 14.52% to 15.31%)) among gym-based tweets, whereas yoga was most popular among women (26.66% (95% CI 26.03% to 27.19%)). Men mentioned engaging in higher intensity activities than women. Overall, counties with higher physical activity tweets also had lower leisure-time physical inactivity prevalence for both sexes.ConclusionsThe regional-specific and sex-specific activity patterns captured on Twitter may allow public health officials to identify changes in health behaviours at small geographical scales and to design interventions best suited for specific populations.
Acute thromboses and occlusions of dual layer carotid stents in endovascular treatment of tandem occlusions
Authors: Pfaff Johannes A R , Maurer Christoph , Broussalis Erasmia , Janssen Hendrik , Blanc Raphael , Dargazanli Cyril , Costalat Vincent , Piotin Michel , Runck Frank , Berlis Ansgar , Killer-Oberpfalzer Monika , Hensler Johannes Tobias , Bendszus Martin , Wodarg Fritz , Möhlenbruch Markus A 
Published: July 2019

PurposeTo evaluate the occurrence and risk factors of acute in-stent thrombosis or stent occlusion in patients with tandem occlusions receiving intracranial mechanical thrombectomy and emergent extracranial internal carotid artery stenting with a dual layer carotid stent.MethodsMulticenter retrospective data collection and analysis of stroke databases of seven comprehensive stroke centers from three European countries.ResultsOverall, 160 patients (mean (SD) age 66 (12) years; 104 men (65%); median (IQR) baseline NIHSS 14 (9–18); IV lysis, n=97 (60.6%)) were treated for a cervical carotid artery occlusion or stenosis using a CASPER stent (MicroVention), and received mechanical thrombectomy for an intracranial occlusion between April 2014 and November 2018. During the procedure or within 72 hours, formation of thrombus and complete occlusion of the CASPER stent was observed in 33/160 (20.8%) and in 12/160 patients (7.5%), respectively. In 25/33 (75.8%) and in 9/12 patients (75%), respectively, this occurred during the procedure. No statistically significant difference was observed between patients with and without thrombus formation with regard to pre-existing long term medication with anticoagulants or intraprocedural administration of heparin, acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), or heparin and ASA. Favorable early neurological outcome was similar in patients with (n=15; 45.5%) and without (n=63; 49.6%) thrombus formation at the CASPER stent.ConclusionAcute thrombosis or occlusion of CASPER stents in thrombectomy patients receiving emergent extracranial internal carotid artery stenting for tandem occlusions were observed more often during the procedure than within 72 hours of follow-up, were less frequent then previously reported, and showed no impact on early neurological outcome.
Prospective study on embolization of intracranial aneurysms with the pipeline device: the PREMIER study 1 year results
Authors: Hanel Ricardo A , Kallmes David F , Lopes Demetrius Klee , Nelson Peter Kim , Siddiqui Adnan , Jabbour Pascal , Pereira Vitor M , Szikora István Istvan , Zaidat Osama O , Bettegowda Chetan , Colby Geoffrey P , Mokin Maxim , Schirmer Clemens , Hellinger Frank R , Given II Curtis , Krings Timo , Taussky Philipp , Toth Gabor , Fraser Justin F , Chen Michael , Priest Ryan , Kan Peter , Fiorella David , Frei Don , Aagaard-Kienitz Beverly , Diaz Orlando , Malek Adel M , Cawley C Michael , Puri Ajit S 
Published: July 2019

BackgroundPreliminary clinical studies on the safety and efficacy of the pipeline embolization device (PED) for the treatment of small/medium aneurysms have demonstrated high occlusion rates with low complications.ObjectiveTo evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the PED for treatment of wide necked small and medium intracranial aneurysms.MethodsPREMIER is a prospective, multicenter, single arm trial. Patients were treated with the PED for unruptured wide necked aneurysms, measuring ≤12 mm along the internal carotid artery or vertebral artery, between July 2014 and November 2015. At 1 year post-procedure, the primary effectiveness endpoint was complete occlusion (Raymond grade 1) without major parent vessel stenosis (≤50%) or retreatment, and the primary safety endpoint was major stroke in the territory supplied by the treated artery or neurologic death.ResultsA total of 141 patients were treated with PEDs (mean age 54.6±11.3 years, 87.9% (124/141) women). Mean aneurysm size was 5.0±1.92 mm, and 84.4% (119/141) measured <7 mm. PED placement was successful in 99.3% (140/141) of patients. Mean number of PEDs implanted per patient was 1.1±0.26; a single PED was used in 92.9% (131/141) of patients. At 1 year, 97.9% (138/141) of patients underwent follow-up angiography with 76.8% (106/138) of patients having met the study’s primary effectiveness endpoint. The combined major morbidity and mortality rate was 2.1% (3/140).ConclusionsTreatment of wide necked small/medium aneurysms with the PED results in high rates of complete occlusion without significant parent vessel stenosis and low rates of permanent neurologic complications.Trial registrationNCT02186561.
Predictors of preoperative endovascular embolization of meningiomas: subanalysis of anatomic location and arterial supply
Authors: Barros Guilherme , Feroze Abdullah H , Sen Rajeev , Kelly Cory M , Barber Jason , Hallam Danial K , Ghodke Basavaraj , Osbun Joshua W , Kim Louis J , Levitt Michael R 
Published: July 2019

IntroductionEndovascular embolization of intracranial meningiomas is commonly used as an adjunct to surgical resection. We sought to describe the anatomic locations and vascular supplies of meningiomas to identify characteristics predictive of successful preoperative endovascular embolization.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective review of 139 meningioma cases receiving cerebral angiograms for possible preoperative endovascular embolization at our institution between December 2000 and March 2017. The extent of embolization, arterial supply, anatomic location, and procedural complications were recorded for each case. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify tumor characteristics that predicted successful embolization.ResultsOf the total meningioma patients undergoing preoperative angiography, 78% (108/139) were successfully embolized, with a 2.8% periprocedural complication rate (3/108). Within the subset of patients with successful embolization, 31% (33/108) achieved complete angiographic embolization. Significant multivariate predictors of embolization (either partial or complete) were convexity/parasagittal locations (OR 5.15, 95% CI 0.93 to 28.54, p=0.060), meningohypophyseal trunk (MHT, OR 4.65, 95% CI 1.63 to 13.23, p=0.004), middle meningeal artery (MMA, OR 10.89, 95% CI 3.43 to 34.64, p<0.001), and ascending pharyngeal artery supply (APA, OR 9.96, 95% CI 1.88 to 52.73, p=0.007). Significant predictors for complete embolization were convexity/parasagittal locations (OR 4.79, 95% CI 1.66 to 13.84, p=0.004) and embolized APA supply (OR 6.94, 95% CI 1.90 to 25.39, p=0.003). Multiple arterial supply was a negative predictor of complete embolization (OR 0.38, 95% CI 0.15 to 0.98, p=0.05).ConclusionsTumor characteristics can be used to predict the likelihood of preoperative meningioma embolization. Parasagittal and convexity meningiomas, and those with APA supply, are most likely to achieve complete angiographic embolization.
Validity of retrospective occupational exposure estimates of lead and manganese in a case–control study
Authors: Sauvé Jean-François , Ramsay Joemy M , Locke Sarah J , Dopart Pamela J , Josse Pabitra R , Zaebst Dennis D , Albert Paul S , Cantor Kenneth P , Baris Dalsu , Jackson Brian P , Karagas Margaret R , Hosain GM Monawar , Schwenn Molly , Johnson Alison , Purdue Mark P , Koutros Stella , Silverman Debra T , Friesen Melissa C 
Published: July 2019

ObjectivesThe validity of surrogate measures of retrospective occupational exposure in population-based epidemiological studies has rarely been evaluated. Using toenail samples as bioindicators of exposure, we assessed whether work tasks and expert assessments of occupational metal exposure obtained from personal interviews were associated with lead and manganese concentrations.MethodsWe selected 609 controls from a case–control study of bladder cancer in New England who had held a job for ≥1 year 8–24 months prior to toenail collection. We evaluated associations between toenail metal concentrations and five tasks extracted from occupational questionnaires (grinding, painting, soldering, welding, working near engines) using linear regression models. For 139 subjects, we also evaluated associations between the toenail concentrations and exposure estimates from three experts.ResultsWe observed a 1.9-fold increase (95% CI 1.4 to 2.5) in toenail lead concentrations with painting and 1.4-fold increase (95% CI 1.1 to 1.7) in manganese concentrations with working around engines and handling fuel. We observed significant trends with increasing frequency of both activities. For lead, significant trends were observed with the ratings from all three experts. Their average ratings showed the strongest association, with subjects rated as possibly or probably exposed to lead having concentrations that were 2.0 and 2.5 times higher, respectively, than in unexposed subjects (ptrend<0.001). Expert estimates were only weakly associated with manganese toenail concentrations.ConclusionsOur findings support the ability of experts to identify broad contrasts in previous occupational exposure to lead. The stronger associations with task frequency and expert assessments support using refined exposure characterisation whenever possible.
Diet quality in patients with stroke
Authors: Dearborn Jennifer L , Khera Tehmina , Peterson Meghan , Shahab Zartashia , Kernan Walter N 
Published: July 2019

ObjectiveA healthy diet is associated with reduced risk for stroke, myocardial infarction, cancer and death. We examined the prevalence of a healthy diet in patients with a recent stroke or transient ischaemic attack (TIA).MethodsWe recruited a convenience sample of 95 patients with a recent ischaemic stroke or TIA. Using information from a 125-item Food Frequency Questionnaire, we calculated dietary quality and the percentage of patients meeting recommended daily intake (RDI) for common macronutrients and elements.ResultsThe mean age of patients was 66 years (SD: 16) and 46% were women. 39 patients (41%) were classified as having a healthy diet (35% of men and 48% of women). The majority of patients were within the RDI for carbohydrates (56.8%), total fat (61.1%), long-chain n-3 fats (68.4%), polyunsaturated fats (79.0%) and protein (96.8%). Very few patients consumed the recommended intake for sodium (25.3%), and even fewer consumed the RDI for potassium (4.2%), with the majority of patients consuming too much sodium and too little potassium.ConclusionWe found that most patients with recent stroke or TIA were not following a healthy diet before their stroke event. For most patients, sodium intake was much above and potassium intake was much below RDI.
SET Domain–Containing Protein 4 Epigenetically Controls Breast Cancer Stem Cell Quiescence
Authors: Ye Sen , Ding Yan-Fu , Jia Wen-Huan , Liu Xiao-Li , Feng Jing-Yi , Zhu Qian , Cai Sun-Li , Yang Yao-Shun , Lu Qian-Yun , Huang Xue-Ting , Yang Jin-Shu , Jia Sheng-Nan , Ding Guo-Ping , Wang Yue-Hong , Zhou Jiao-Jiao , Chen Yi-Ding , Yang Wei-Jun 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Quiescent cancer stem cells (CSC) play important roles in tumorigenesis, relapse, and resistance to chemoradiotherapy. However, the determinants of CSC quiescence and how they sustain themselves to generate tumors and relapse beyond resistance to chemoradiotherapy remains unclear. Here, we found that SET domain–containing protein 4 (SETD4) epigenetically controls breast CSC (BCSC) quiescence by facilitating heterochromatin formation via H4K20me3 catalysis. H4K20me3 localized to the promoter regions and regulated the expression of a set of genes in quiescent BCSCs (qBCSC). SETD4-defined qBCSCs were resistant to chemoradiotherapy and promoted tumor relapse in a mouse model. Upon activation, a SETD4-defined qBCSC sustained itself in a quiescent state by asymmetric division and concurrently produced an active daughter cell that proliferated to produce a cancer cell population. Single-cell sequence analysis indicated that SETD4+ qBCSCs clustered together as a distinct cell type within the heterogeneous BCSC population. SETD4-defined quiescent CSCs were present in multiple cancer types including gastric, cervical, ovarian, liver, and lung cancers and were resistant to chemotherapy. SETD4-defined qBCSCs had a high tumorigenesis potential and correlated with malignancy and chemotherapy resistance in clinical breast cancer patients. Taken together, the results from our previous study and current study on six cancer types reveal an evolutionarily conserved mechanism of cellular quiescence epigenetically controlled by SETD4. Our findings provide insights into the mechanism of tumorigenesis and relapse promoted by SETD4-defined quiescent CSCs and have broad implications for clinical therapies.

Significance:
These findings advance our knowledge on the epigenetic determinants of quiescence in cancer stem cell populations and pave the way for future pharmacologic developments aimed at targeting drug-resistant quiescent stem cells.