bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mass Spectrometry‐Based Quantitative Proteomics of Murine‐Derived Polymorphonuclear Neutrophils
Authors: Geddes‐McAlister Jennifer , Gadjeva Mihaela 
Published: August 2019

AbstractPolymorphonuclear cells (PMNs or neutrophils) are the most abundant leukocyte in humans and represent an essential component of the innate immune system. The ability of neutrophils to initiate an immediate and non‐specific host response against invading microbial species is the key to determining the outcome of infection. Neutrophils produce and secrete a plethora of immunomodulatory proteins, including major granule proteins and cytokines, as well as various enzymes, which regulate adherence, phagocytosis, chemotaxis, and cell survival. Historically, characterization of neutrophils and their roles during infection have relied on genetic and phenotypic analyses, as well as biochemical assays. However, recent advances in mass spectrometry‐based proteomic workflows and technological platforms have supported the comprehensive profiling of neutrophil‐associated immune responses in consideration of cellular factors and secreted proteins. Given the critical role of neutrophils in maintaining and regulating innate immune function, comprehensive profiling of their response to infection is imperative to ensuring host survival. Here, we briefly discuss the role of neutrophils in host‐defense and describe methods to purify neutrophils from murine samples and comprehensively profile their proteomes. © 2019 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Thermoplastic Polyurethane Elastomer‐Based Gel Polymer Electrolytes for Sodium‐Metal Cells with Enhanced Cycling Performance
Authors: Park Myung‐Soo , Woo Hyun‐Sik , Heo Jung‐Moo , Kim Jong‐Man , Thangavel Ranjith , Lee Yun‐Sung , Kim Dong‐Won 
Published: August 2019

AbstractSodium batteries have been recognized as a promising alternative to lithium‐ion batteries. However, the liquid electrolyte used in these batteries has inherent safety problems. Polymer electrolytes have been considered as safer and more reliable electrolyte systems for rechargeable batteries. Herein, a thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer‐based gel polymer electrolyte with high ionic conductivity and high elasticity was reported. It had an ambient‐temperature ionic conductivity of 1.5 mS cm−1 and high stretchability, capable of withstanding 610 % strain. Coordination between Na+ ions and polymer chains increased the degree of salt dissociation in the gel polymer electrolyte compared with the liquid electrolyte. An Na/Na3V2(PO4)3 cell assembled with gel polymer electrolyte exhibited good cycling performance in terms of discharge capacity, cycling stability, and rate capability, which was owing to the effective trapping ability of organic solvents in the polymer matrix and uniform flux of sodium ions through the gel polymer electrolyte.
ACDAS: Authenticated controlled data access and sharing scheme for cloud storage
Authors: Tiwari Deepnarayan , Chaturvedi Gayatri K , Gangadharan G. R. 
Published: August 2019

SummaryCloud storage services require cost‐effective, scalable, and self‐managed secure data management functionality. Public cloud storage always enforces users to adopt the restricted generic security consideration provided by the cloud service provider. On the contrary, private cloud storage gives users the opportunity to configure a self‐managed and controlled authenticated data security model to control the accessing and sharing of data in a private cloud. However, this introduces several new challenges to data security. One critical issue is how to enable a secure, authenticated data storage model for data access with controlled data accessibility. In this paper, we propose an authenticated controlled data access and sharing scheme called ACDAS to address this issue. In our proposed scheme, we employ a biometric‐based authentication model for secure access to data storage and sharing. To provide flexible data sharing under the control of a data owner, we propose a variant of a proxy reencryption scheme where the cloud server uses a proxy reencryption key and the data owner generates a credential token during decryption to control the accessibility of the users. The security analysis shows that our proposed scheme is resistant to various attacks, including a stolen verifier attack, a replay attack, a password guessing attack, and a stolen mobile device attack. Further, our proposed scheme satisfies the considered security requirements of a data storage and sharing system. The experimental results demonstrate that ACDAS can achieve the security goals together with the practical efficiency of storage, computation, and communication compared with other related schemes.
Capsule network‐based data pruning in wireless sensor networks
Authors: S Umamaheswari 
Published: August 2019

SummaryThe development of the wireless sensor networks (WSN) being deployed among numerous application for its sensing capabilities is increasing at a very fast tread. Its distributed nature and ability to extend communication even to the inaccessible areas beyond communication range that lacks human intervention has made it even more attractive in a wide space of applications. Confined with numerous sensing nodes distributed over a wide area, the WSN incurs certain limitations as it is battery powered. Many developed routing enhancements with power and energy efficiency lacked in achieving the significant improvement in the performance. So, the paper proposes a machine learning system (capsule network) and technique (data pruning) for WSN involved in the real world observations to have knowledge‐based learning from the experience for an intelligent way of handling the dynamic and real environment without the intervention of the humans. The WSN cluster‐based routing aided with capsule network and data pruning proffered in paper enables the WSN to have a prolonged network lifetime, energy efficiency, minimized delay, and enhanced throughput by reducing the energy usage and extending communication within the limited battery availability. The proposed system is validated in the network simulator and compared with the WSN without ML to check for the performance enhancements of the WSN with ML inclusions in terms of quality of service enhancements, network lifetime, packet delivery ratio, and energy to evince the efficacy of the WSN with capsule network‐based data pruning.
Variation in migration pattern, broodstock origin, and family productivity of coho salmon hatchery populations in British Columbia, Canada, derived from parentage‐based tagging
Authors: Beacham Terry D. , Wallace Colin , Jonsen Kim , McIntosh Brenda , Candy John R. , Willis David , Lynch Cheryl , Withler Ruth E. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn salmonid parentage‐based tagging (PBT) applications, entire hatchery broodstocks are genotyped, and subsequently, progeny can be nonlethally sampled and assigned back to their parents using parentage analysis, thus identifying their hatchery of origin and brood year (i.e., age). Inter‐ and intrapopulation variability in migration patterns, life history traits, and fishery contributions can be determined from PBT analysis of samples derived from both fisheries and escapements (portion of a salmon population that does not get caught in fisheries and returns to its natal river to spawn). In the current study of southern British Columbia coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) populations, PBT analysis provided novel information on intrapopulation heterogeneity among males in the total number of progeny identified in fisheries and escapements, the proportion of progeny sampled from fisheries versus escapement, the proportion of two‐year‐old progeny (jacks) produced, and the within‐season return time of progeny. Fishery recoveries of coho salmon revealed heterogeneity in migration patterns among and within populations, with recoveries from north and central coast fisheries distinguishing “northern migrating” from “resident” populations. In northern migrating populations, the mean distance between fishery captures of sibs (brothers and sisters) was significantly less than the mean distance between nonsibs, indicating the possible presence of intrapopulation genetic heterogeneity for migration pattern. Variation among populations in productivity and within populations in fish catchability indicated that population selection and broodstock management can be implemented to optimize harvest benefits from hatcheries. Application of PBT provided valuable information for assessment and management of hatchery‐origin coho salmon in British Columbia.
Drought affects the coordination of belowground and aboveground resource‐related traits in Solidago canadensis in China
Authors: Du Leshan , Liu Haiyan , Guan Wenbin , Li Junmin , Li Junsheng 
Published: August 2019

AbstractQuantifying patterns of variation and coordination of plant functional traits can help to understand the mechanisms underlying both invasiveness and adaptation of plants. Little is known about the coordinated variations of performance and functional traits of different organs in invasive plants, especially in response to their adaptation to environmental stressors. To identify the responses of the invasive species Solidago canadensis to drought, 180 individuals were randomly collected from 15 populations and 212 ramets were replanted in a greenhouse to investigate both the response and coordination between root and leaf functional traits. Drought significantly decreased plant growth and most of the root and leaf functional traits, that is, root length, surface area, volume and leaf size, number, and mass fraction, except for the root length ratio and root mass fraction. Phenotypic plasticity was higher in root traits than in leaf traits in response to drought, and populations did not differ significantly. The plasticity of most root functional traits, that is, root length (RL), root surface area (RSA), root volume (RV), and root mass fraction (RMF), were significantly positively correlated with biomass between control and drought. However, the opposite was found for leaf functional traits, that is, specific leaf area (SLA), leaf area ratio (LAR), and leaf mass fraction (LMF). Drought enhanced the relationship between root and leaf, that is, 26 pairwise root–leaf traits were significantly correlated under drought, while only 15 pairwise root–leaf traits were significantly correlated under control conditions. Significant correlations were found between biomass and all measured functional traits except for leaf size. RV, root length ratio, RMF, total area of leaves, and LMF responded differently to water availability. These responses enable S. canadensis to cope with drought conditions and may help to explain the reason of the vast ecological amplitude of this species.
Development of a classifier system for a continuous environment
Authors: Hayashida Tomohiro , Nishizaki Ichiro , Sekizaki Shinya , Ogasawara Yuki 
Published: August 2019

AbstractA learning classifier system is an adaptive system that obtains a set of appropriate action rules that adapts to multistep problems by training action rules defined in if‐then form by trial and error process, in a similar framework as reinforcement learning. Because of that the input signals of the classifier system are encoded into binary values, bit strings are often lengthened when dealing with such a problem that the state of the environment continuously changes. A neural network can treat with real values as input signal; however, it cannot be applied to multistep problems. This paper proposes a system that responds to problems such that the state of the environment continuously changes by combining a neural network and a classifier system, and actions are selected from multiple options, so that output can be defined as discrete values. In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed system, this paper conducts several numerical experiments using benchmarks corresponding to multistep problems defined by continuous values.
Three‐dimensional turbulent structures at a medium‐sized confluence with and without an ice cover
Authors: Biron Pascale M. , Buffin‐Bélanger Thomas , Martel Nancy 
Published: August 2019

AbstractRiver confluences are characterized by a complex mixing zone with three‐dimensional (3D) turbulent structures which have been described as both streamwise‐oriented structures and Kelvin–Helmholtz (KH) vertical‐oriented structures. The latter are visible where there is a turbidity difference between the two tributaries, whereas the former are usually derived from mean velocity measurements or numerical simulations. Few field studies recorded turbulent velocity fluctuations at high frequency to investigate these structures, particularly at medium‐sized confluences where logistical constraints make it difficult to use devices such as acoustic doppler velocimeter (ADV). This study uses the ice cover present at the confluence of the Mitis and Neigette Rivers in Quebec (Canada) to obtain long‐duration, fixed measurements along the mixing zone. The confluence is also characterized by a marked turbidity difference which allows to investigate the mixing zone dynamics from drone imagery during ice‐free conditions. The aim of the study is to characterize and compare the flow structure in the mixing zone at a medium‐sized (~40 m) river confluence with and without an ice cover. Detailed 3D turbulent velocity measurements were taken under the ice along the mixing plane with an ADV through eight holes at around 20 positions on the vertical. For ice‐free conditions, drone imagery results indicate that large (KH) coherent structures are present, occupying up to 50% of the width of the parent channel. During winter, the ice cover affects velocity profiles by moving the highest velocities towards the centre of the profiles. Large turbulent structures are visible in both the streamwise and lateral velocity components. The strong correlation between these velocity components indicates that KH vortices are the dominating coherent structures in the mixing zone. A spatio‐temporal conceptual model is presented to illustrate the main differences on the 3D flow structure at the river confluence with and without the ice cover. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Comparative effects of quercetin and hydroalcoholic extract ofOtostegia persicaboiss with atorvastatin on atherosclerosis complication in male wistar rats
Authors: Parvin Ali , Yaghmaei Parichehreh , Noureddini Mehdi , Haeri Roohani Sayyed Ali , Aminzadeh Saeed 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe use of herbal remedies is significantly considered in the atherosclerosis treatment, reduction of fatty elements, and prevention of activity of oxidative stress factors. The present study was conducted on 48 rats in 6 groups. The experimental and sham groups were fed with 2% cholesterol for 40 days; and experimental groups were separately treated by atorvastatin, quercetin, and hydroalcoholic extract for 4 weeks. After treatment procedure, some serum factors such as low‐density lipoprotein (LDL), total cholesterol (TC), malondialdehyde (MDA), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were evaluated. Serum levels of LDL, TC, MDA, and ROS were significantly lower in experimental groups than sham group (p < .01). There was a significant decrease in serum MDA levels of these two groups in comparison with the atorvastatin‐treated group (p < .05). Blood pressure parameters were decreased in treated with quercetin and hydroalcoholic extract in comparison with the sham group (p < .05). Quercetin and hydroalcoholic extract similar to atorvastatin could decrease serum lipids [except high‐density lipoprotein (HDL)], oxidative stress factors, aorta contraction, weight gain, and blood pressure. These reagents improved the vascular structure and prevented the plaque formation.
Sediment supply control on the delivery of sediments to deep‐lacustrine environment: A case study from Luanping Basin, northern China
Authors: Jia Haibo , Ji Hancheng , Yu Jifeng , Meng Xiangchao 
Published: August 2019

Deep‐water deposits in marine basins have recently received considerable research attention. However, the controls of sediment transported to deep‐lacustrine environments are comparatively understudied. In this study, we utilize field‐based outcrop data to investigate the variability of sediment distribution and its controlling factors in the Lower Cretaceous synrift Xiguayuan Formation in the Luanping Basin. Two fan‐delta systems with variability dominate the measured outcrop sections. At the lithological scale, the ratio of conglomerate to strata in the Xiyuan fan‐delta system is 87%, and the average thickness of individual coarse‐grained layers is ~1 m; the corresponding values in the Caoying fan‐delta system are 52% and 0.4 m. In addition, sand‐rich gravity‐flow deposits are developed in front of the Xiyuan fan delta, whereas mud‐rich mass transport deposits (i.e., sliding block and slumping debris) are found in front of the Caoying fan delta. At the stratigraphical scale, a delta succession in the Xiyuan section characterized by sand‐rich facies from proximal to distal parts is developed in a relatively steep slope setting. In the Caoying section, however, a delta succession characterized by sand‐rich facies in the proximal to middle parts is found in addition to a mud‐rich distal part developed in a gentle slope setting. Differential sediment supply resulted in significant variation in the sediment distribution pattern. In particular, the grain size of the fan‐delta front controls that of the deep‐lacustrine gravity‐flow deposits fed by them. This study highlights the variability of sediment supply and their control on sediment partitioning in continental rift and marine basins.
Early Cretaceous tectonic transition and SW‐ward basin migration in northern Liaodong Peninsula, NE China: Sedimentary, structural, and geochronological constraints
Authors: Kong Ruoyan , Yan Dan‐Ping , Qiu Liang , Wells Michael L. , Wang Anping , Dong Xiaoyu , Mu Hongxu , Gong Ling‐Xiao 
Published: August 2019

As the north‐eastern margin of the North China Block, the Liaodong Peninsula has undergone multiple tectonic events during the Mesozoic, as well as simultaneous large‐scale gold mineralization. In this study, we focus on the history of Early Cretaceous basin formation, during the interval of time prior to and during a major extensional tectonic event that is characterized by formation of metamorphic core complexes (MCCs), detachment faults, and half‐graben basins. Two representative Early Cretaceous basins, the Tongyuanpu and Fangjiaweizi basins, expose two parts of the Xiaoling Formation (K1x); these two sequences, K1x1 of the Tongyuanpu Basin and K1x2 of the Fangjiaweizi Basin, were selected for detailed sedimentary and geochronological study. Both the K1x1 and K1x2 are dominated by sedimentary sequences of fluvial facies clastic rocks to volcani‐clastic and volcanic rocks. Clastic and volcanic rock samples, including three samples from the K1x1, four samples from K1x2, and one mafic dyke sample, were analysed for U–Pb on zircon, to constrain the crystallization ages for volcanic units and maximum deposition age (MDA) for clastic units. The zircon U–Pb age results date the K1x1 at ~135–127 Ma, while the K1x2 at ~127–122 Ma. Comparing the detrital zircon age peaks with the main potential source areas, provenance of both the K1x1 and K1x2 units was mainly from igneous rocks in the Liaodong Peninsula. Integrating our observations from the Tongyuanpu and Fangjiaweizi basins with those from other basins in the Liaodong Peninsula, we suggest south‐westward basin migration during the transition from transpressional basin formation to development of back‐arc extension basin. This basin migration responded to the tectonic transition from sinistral strike‐slip motion on the Tan‐Lu Fault to the rollback of the Paleo‐Pacific Plate coinciding with formation of MCCs. This tectonic transition and basin migration is important for understanding the transition from compression to extension in the eastern North China Block during the Early Cretaceous.
Atorvastatin induces mitochondrial dysfunction and cell apoptosis in HepG2 cells via inhibition of the Nrf2 pathway
Authors: Li Li‐Zhong , Zhao Zeng‐Ming , Zhang Li , He Jun , Zhang Ting‐Fen , Guo Jia‐Bin , Yu Lin , Zhao Jun , Yuan Xiao‐Yan , Peng Shuang‐Qing 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAtorvastatin (ATO) is a 3‐hydroxy‐3‐methylglutaryl‐CoA reductase inhibitor widely used to treat hypercholesterolemia. However, clinical application is limited by potential hepatotoxicity. Nuclear factor‐erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a master regulator of cellular antioxidants, and oxidative stress is implicated in statin‐induced liver injury. This study investigated mechanisms of ATO‐induced hepatotoxicity and potential mitigation by Nrf2 signaling. ATO reduced Nrf2 and antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase‐2 (SOD2) expression in human hepatocarcinoma HepG2 cells. ATO also induced concentration‐dependent HepG2 cell toxicity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, and mitochondrial dysfunction as evidenced by decreased mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and cellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Further, ATO induced mitochondria‐dependent apoptosis as indicated by increased Bax/Bcl‐2 ratio, cleaved caspase‐3, mitochondrial cytochrome c release and Annexin V‐fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide staining. Tert‐butylhydroquinone enhanced Nrf2 and SOD2 expression, and partially reversed ATO‐induced cytotoxicity, ROS accumulation, MMP reduction, ATP depletion and mitochondria‐dependent apoptosis. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that ATO induces mitochondrial dysfunction and cell apoptosis in HepG2 cells, at least in part, via inhibition of the Nrf2 pathway. Nrf2 pathway activation is a potential prevention for ATO‐induced liver injury.
CoCrMo metal release in metal‐on‐highly crosslinked polyethylene hip implants
Authors: Wang Qiong , Eltit Felipe , Garbuz Donald , Duncan Clive , Masri Bassam , Greidanus Nelson , Wang Rizhi 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIncreasing cases of adverse local tissue reactions (ALTRs) associated with metal release have been observed in patients with metal‐on‐highly crosslinked polyethylene (MoP) hip implants, the most common design in total hip replacements. Studies have demonstrated the metal release from fretting corrosion at the head–neck junction, but rarely investigated tribocorrosion associated metal release at articulating surfaces in MoP hip implants. The objective of this study is to investigate both tribocorrosion at the articulating surfaces and fretting corrosion at the head–neck junction in CoCrMo femoral heads, as well as their association with metal species released in periprosthetic tissues and body fluids in MoP hip systems. Twenty‐three patients with ALTRs associated with MoP implants were included. Systematic analyses were performed on the wear damage in articulation, corrosion at the head–neck junction and their correlation with degradation products observed in synovial fluid, periprosthetic tissues, and serum. Results showed that tribocorrosion at the articulating surfaces contributed to the elevated concentration of both Co and Cr ions in serum, while fretting corrosion at the head–neck junction mainly released Co ions to serum. Both tribocorrosion at the articulating surfaces and fretting corrosion at the head–neck junction released particles rich in chromium and phosphate, the dominant particles found in synovial fluids and tissues. This study provides strong evidence that tribocorrosion at the articulating surfaces in MoP hip implants could result in significant metal release. This information should be taken into account when studying the mechanisms of ALTRs and developing strategies of preventing metal release in total hip replacements.