bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Accuracy between Mannheim Peritonitis Index and Jabalpur Score in Predicting the Mortality in Perforative Peritonitis Patients Presenting for Emergency Surgery at a Tertiary Care Setup of Eastern India
Authors: RaiChoudhuri Debarati , Mukherjee Arijit , Haldar Dibakar , Bose Bodhisattva 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background and Objective:
Peritonitis following hollow viscus perforation is commonly encountered in surgical emergency, which needs prompt and aggressive management. Unlike foreign nations, no score is routinely used in most tertiary medical colleges of India for prognostication of these patients preoperatively, leading to delay in adequate management and poor outcome. The aim of this research is to compare the accuracy of Mannheim peritonitis index (MPI) and Jabalpur score in prediction of mortality of patients presenting with perforative peritonitis.

Materials and Methods:
Fifty-one patients presenting with perforative peritonitis between November 2022 and April 2024 were scored using the two scoring systems and patients followed up over 30 days. Mortality based on scores of the scoring systems was analyzed.

Results:
Both scores had a significant P value, suggesting that both are efficient scoring systems. Receiver operating characteristic curves for both scores were plotted, and the area under the curve was calculated. Chi-square test showed no significant difference between the two scoring systems.

Conclusion:
Jabalpur score and MPI are both efficient scoring systems. Utilization of either of the scoring systems depends on the availability of resources in the health-care setup.
Degree of Adherence to Existing Dietary and Lifestyle Guidelines among Secondary and High Schoolchildren
Authors: Abdulah Deldar Morad , Abdulmajeed Ayoub Abid 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background:
Poor dietary patterns pose a significant health challenge for children, hindering their ideal growth and development.

Objective:
We explored the adherence of secondary and high schoolchildren to healthy dietary guidelines in the Kurdistan Region.

Subjects and Methods:
We included a random sample of 554 students (13–18 years) from the available high schools in Duhok City in 2022.

Results:
Generally, students had a low level of healthy diet, which was not significantly influenced by sociodemographic and diet-related characteristics. A notable number of students skipped breakfast (32.31%). A majority of students consumed fruits 1–6 times/day (40.97%), whereas their vegetable intake was predominantly <1 serving/day (39.71%) or 1–2 servings/day (31.41%). The consumption of fish and seafood was relatively low among the students, with only 1–2 servings/week (36.28%). The students had a high rate of consuming sweets and soft drinks, with 1–2 servings/week being prevalent (25.99% for sweets and 36.10% for soft drinks). Media watching duration was notably high, with 1–2 h/day (23.10%) and over 4 h/day (35.38%). Only 19.86% of the students engaged in mild-to-moderate physical activity. The consumption of dairy products, both milk and dairy alternatives, was at 1–2 servings/day, with more than half opting for low- or no-fat options (25.09%). A considerable percentage of students consumed meat and meat products at varying frequencies. Close to half of the students consumed 3–7 servings of total grains/day and >50 whole grains.

Conclusions:
Schoolchildren have a low adherence to healthy dietary guidelines in Kurdistan Region.
Comparative evaluation of microleakage in Class II cavities restored with snowplow technique using flowable or preheated packable bulk-fill composite resin as gingival increment by dye extraction method: An in vitro study
Authors: Ranjini M. A. , Geetha V. , Vedavathi B. , Ashok H. K. , Airsang Akshata J. , Swathi S. 
Published: November 2024

Context:
One of the undesirable characteristics of dental composite resin is the polymerization shrinkage and the associated microleakage. The snowplow technique of placement and the preheating of the composite resins are methods to minimize microleakage.

Aim:
The aim of this study was to comparatively evaluate microleakage in Class II cavities restored with snowplow technique using either preheated packable or flowable bulk-fill composite resin.

Methodology:
Fifty sound first molars were selected. Class II mesio-occlusal box preparations were made. The test specimens were randomly divided into two groups. Group 1: Tetric N-Flow Bulk Fill and Tetric N-Ceram Bulk Fill co-cured in snowplow technique. Group 2: Tetric N-Ceram Bulk Fill preheated to 60°C and Tetric N-Ceram Bulk Fill co-cured in snowplow technique. Restored teeth were processed for dye extraction.

Statistical Analysis:
Mann–Whitney U-test was applied to compare the microleakage between the groups.

Results:
Results indicate that specimens in Group 2 showed lower microleakage (median 0.041750) when compared to specimens in Group 1 (median 0.059400).

Conclusion:
The results imply that the preheated packable bulk-fill composite resin showed less microleakage as compared to flowable composite while restoring Class II cavities by the snowplow technique.
Digitalized alarming sensor attached to the dental operating stool in prevention and progression of musculoskeletal disorder: A clinico-biochemical study
Authors: Deosarkar Bharat Anantrao , Nikhade Pradnya Prashant , Chandak Manoj , Niras Soniya , Basatwar Harshal Vinod , Shah Yashkumar Rajendra 
Published: November 2024

Background:
The efficiency and productivity of dentists are affected due to musculoskeletal disorders. Efforts should be made to monitor and reduce these disorders so that proper relation is maintained between body and work.

Aims and Objectives:
This research evaluates and compares the level of creatine kinase (CK) in operators working in ergonomically correct posture and incorrect posture using a newly developed digitalized alarm sensor attached to a dental operating stool.

Materials and Methods:
A digitalized alarming sensor was attached to half of the operating stools. Blood samples of the operators were checked for CK levels before working on patients and within 13–24 h after the operators have completed their work on patients.

Results:
The P value was found to be highly significant in operators without digitalized alarming sensors within 13–24 h after completing their work on patients. There was no significant difference in CK levels before patient interaction between the two groups; the presence of the alarm device had a notable impact on CK levels within 13–24 h after work.

Conclusion:
The group without the alarm device displayed significantly higher CK levels during this postwork timeframe, suggesting a potential association between the absence of the alarm device and increased CK levels among dental professionals.
A Diagnostic Study Using STARD Platform on Liquid-Based Cytology in Cervical Smear and Its Positivity Rate among Females with Abnormal Vaginal Conditions Attending a Tertiary Care Center
Authors: Afzal Mohd , Sharma Abhishek , Tiwari Vikas , Tiwari Jaishree Karnwal 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background:
Liquid-based cytology (LBC) is a newer method of preparing cervical cell samples. This technique involves collecting cells in a liquid fixative and preparing and evaluating them.

Aim:
This study aims to investigate cervical smears prepared using the Ezi-Prep LBC method and analyze the positivity rate for cervical cancer and assess the diagnostic accuracy of LBC in detecting cervical abnormalities among females with abnormal vaginal conditions attending a tertiary care center.

Materials and Methods:
The present diagnostic study was performed in a tertiary care hospital over a period of 1 year (April 1, 2021–November 30, 2021). A total of 230 women, aged 21–70 years, presented at the gynecology outpatient department for either routine cervical screening or with complaints of vaginal bleeding, discharge, or pelvic pain. Cervical smears were prepared using the Ezi-Prep method and stained with ULTRA-PAP stain.

Results:
LBC smears are monolayer smears and are without nuclear overlapping with spread over a diameter of 16 mm. Minimum cellular overlapping and crowding were observed in LBC smears. The mean age of the participants was 35.5 ± 5.1 years. The smears were studied by using nine morphological parameters.

Conclusion:
The majority of the smears were inflammatory smears. A total of 16 cases and three cases were found to be bacterial vaginosis and candidiasis, respectively. In an 8-month study, HSIL was found in two cases, whereas LSIL was found in only one case. The positivity rate was observed to be 0.9% in HSIL cases and 0.4% in LSIL cases, 0.9% ASC-US case, and 0.4% invasive carcinoma case.
Diagnostic Utility of Squash Smear Cytology in Chordoma: A Tertiary Care Center Experience
Authors: Singh Anshima , Rao Ram Nawal 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims:
Chordomas are rare notochordal tumors. They are suitable candidates for squash smear cytology (SSC) owing to their gelatinous consistency and destructive nature. SSC is an important tool for making a quick intra-operative preliminary diagnosis and taking real-time surgical and further management decisions. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of SSC for chordoma cases.

Materials and Methods:
This retrospective study conducted in a North Indian tertiary care center enrolled chordoma cases histopathologically diagnosed between 01.01.2013 and 31.07.2023, for which SSC was also performed. SSC smears and their corresponding histopathology slides (±immunohistochemistry [IHC] slides) were retrieved. Histo-cytological correlation was performed.

Results:
In total, 13 such cases were retrieved. The mean age was 34.4 + 5.6 years. The male–female ratio was 1:1.6. The most common location was the spheno-occipital region (10 cases), followed by sacro-coccygeal (two cases) and vertebral regions (1 case). The SSC was positive for chordoma in 10/13 cases. Thus, the calculated accuracy of SSC in chordoma diagnosis was 76.9%. A total of 3/13 (23.1%) cases where SSC was inconclusive for chordoma were difficult to diagnose cases, requiring IHC for ultimate diagnosis. Cytological features such as abundant myxoid matrix and physaliphorous cells help in correct diagnosis of chordoma on SSC.

Conclusions:
We found the diagnostic accuracy of SSC in chordoma diagnosis to be 76.9%. Features such as abundant myxoid matrix and physaliphorous cells are helpful in correct diagnosis on SSC. Thus, even though chordomas are rare, one should consider them among the differential diagnoses in cases presenting with appropriate clinico-radiological features and characteristic cytological findings.
SAMARQAND VILOYATI HUDUDIDI TOSH DAVRI ARXEOLOGIYASINING O’RGANILISHI TARIXI
Authors: Djurakulov Sherzod 
Published: November 2024

Zarafshon vodiysi, uning tog’li rayonlari odamzodning ilk ajdodlari tomonidan qadimgi tosh davrining mustye bosqichidan boshlab o’zlashtirilgan. Bu haqda dastlabki ma’lumotlarni Samarqand davlat universitetining arxeologi D.N.Lev asarlarida o’qish mumkin. Keying yillarda mustye davriga tegishli yodgorliklar Qoratov-Nurota tog’ tizmalarining Voush tog’i janubiy yonbag’ridan, Zirabuloq va Ziyovuddin tog’ etaklaridan (Zirabuloq va Qo’tirbuloq) topib o’rganildi. Maqolada Samarqand vohasi qadimgi jamoalarining qo’lga kiritgan ijtimoiy, iqtisodiy va madaniy yutuqlari insoniyat jamiyati rivojida munosib o’rniga ega ekanligi, Samarqand viloyati hududidi tosh davri arxeologiyasining o’rganilishi tarixi masalalari yoritiladi.
Financial Inclusion and Climate Resilience: The Role for an AI-Enhanced Digital Wallet in Caribbean SIDS
Authors: Charles Don 
Published: November 2024

Caribbean Small Island Developing States (SIDS) are highly vulnerable to extreme weather events and climate change. Caribbean SIDS climate vulnerability is worsened by their high level of financial exclusion. Many people do not have bank accounts and access to electronic fund transfer (EFT). As such, they cannot electronically receive funds before or after a natural disaster to cope with the effects. The financial exclusion problem can be addressed through a digital wallet. A digital wallet is a financial transaction application that securely stores a user's banking and payment information on a cloud interface and allows the user to perform a transaction while hiding their banking information from a vendor. The biggest concern of users with regard to the use of digital wallets is its convenience and security. While digital wallets offer outstanding convenience of purchasing goods and services, data privacy and fraud risks deter people from adopting mobile payment. Potential fraud risk to digital wallets can be identified with anomaly detection techniques. The research problem investigated in this study is how the implementation of an artificial intelligence (AI)-enhanced digital wallet can facilitate financial inclusion in the Caribbean, particularly in the context of disaster preparedness and recovery. Since security is an important aspect of a digital wallet, a sub-objective of this study is to derive an appropriate model for anomaly detection in financial transactions in a digital wallet. This study modifies the standard Gated Transformer Networks (GTN) architecture to allow for univariate time series classification. The corresponding new model is referred to as the Univariate Gated Transformer Network (UGTN). The UGTN is used for anomaly detection in financial data from a digital wallet. This study also provides policy recommendations for the implementation of a digital wallet to facilitate financial inclusion and climate resilience in Caribbean SIDS.

Received: 27 August 2024 | Revised: 9 October 2024 | Accepted: 5 November 2024

Conflicts of Interest
The author declares that he has no conflicts of interest to this work.

Data Availability Statement
The data that support the findings of this study are openly available in github at https://github.com/doncharles005/Digital-Wallet-and-Beryl/tree/main.

Author Contribution Statement
Don Charles: Conceptualization, Methodology, Software, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Resources, Data curation, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing, Visualization, Supervision, Project administration.
Penggunaan Media Interaktif Video Animasi untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa dalam Pembelajaran IPA Materi Peredaran Darah pada Manusia Kelas V MIS Al-Ilmiyyun
Authors: Rambe Nurul Humairah Br. , Syafitri Diani , Ridha Zaifatur 
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penggunaan media interaktif video animasi pada pembelajaran IPA materi sistem peredaran darah pada manusia Kelas V MIS Al Ilmiyyun, untuk mengetahui hasil belajar siswa pembelajaran IPA materi sistem peredaran darah pada manusia kelas V MIS Al-Ilmiyyun, untuk mengetahui penggunaan media interaktif video animasi untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pembelajaran IPA materi sistem peredaran darah pada manusia kelas V MIS Al-Ilmiyyun. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian tindakan kelas (Classroom Action Research) atau biasa disingkat dengan PTK dengan menggunakan II siklus. Setiap satu siklus terdiri dari dua kali pertemuaan. Total pertemuaan dalam dua siklus adalah empat pertemuan. Penelitian Tindakan Kelas ini bertujuan untuk memperbaiki serta meningkatkan praktik pembelajaran dikelas untuk mendapatkan hasil yang maksimal. Penelitian ini dilakukan di MIS Al-Ilmiyyun subjek penelitian ini siswa kelas V MIS Al-Ilmiyyun dengan jumalah siswa 23 orang 16 laki-laki dan 10 perempuan. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan teknik tes menggunakan LKPD (Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik), observasi, dan dokumentasi. Hasil belajar siswa pada penelitian ini dengan menggunakan video animasi interaktif mengalami peningkatan yang positif dan signifikan. Pada siklus I rata-rata yang diperoleh siswa adalah 73,84 dan persentase ketuntasan 69,23%. Sedangkan pada siklus II rata-rata siswa mengalami kenaikan 85,38 dengan persentase ketuntasan 92,30%.
ОЦЕНКА ГОРИМОСТИ ЛЕСОВ В РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ
Authors: Л.Е. Кузнецов , А.М. Ерицов , И.М. Секерин , А.А. Кректунов , С.В. Залесов 
Published: November 2024

В настоящее время леса выступают одним из главных механизмов, поддерживающих и восстанавливающих условия жизни на Земле. При этом самые серьезные отрицательные последствия на биосферу оказывают пожары, которые не только уничтожают лес, но и выбрасывают в атмосферу значительное количество углекислого газа, усиливая тем самым парниковый эффект. Кроме того, после лесных пожаров нарушаются рекреационные, водоохранные и многие другие функции леса, уничтожаются запасы древесного сырья. Лесными пожарами не только повреждается и уничтожается древесная растительность, но и создаются благоприятные условия для расселения вредных насекомых и развития грибных заболеваний. После лесного пожара снижается устойчивость древостоев к неблагоприятным факторам и ухудшается качество древесины. В статье произведен сравнительный анализ лесных пожаров на территории Российской Федерации с 2021 по 2023 гг. Определены 16 самых наиболее горимых субъектов Российской Федерации в 2021 и 2022 гг., проанализирована площадь, пройденная огнем. Рассмотрена статистика задействованных сил и средств на тушение лесных пожаров нашей страны за 11 июня 2023 г. Дан перечень рекомендаций для сокращения случаев лесных возгораний.
Currently, forests are one of the main mechanisms that support and restore living conditions on Earth. At the same time, the most serious negative consequences on the biosphere are caused by ﬁ res, which not only destroy the forest, but also emit a signiﬁ cant amount of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, thereby enhancing the “greenhouse effect”. In addition, after forest ﬁ res, recreational, water protection and many other functions of the forest are violated, stocks of wood raw materials are destroyed. Forest ﬁ res not only damage and destroy woody vegetation, but also create favorable conditions for the settlement of harmful insects and the appearance of parasite fungi. After a forest ﬁ re, the resistance of stands to adverse factors decreases and the quality of wood deteriorates. The article provides a comparative analysis of forest ﬁ res on the territory of our country from 2021 to 2023. 16 of the most burning subjects of the Russian Federation in 2021 and 2022 were identiﬁed, the area covered by ﬁ re was analyzed. The statistics of the forces and means involved in extinguishing forest ﬁ res of our country for June 11, 2023 are considered. A list of recommendations is given to reduce the occurrence of forest ﬁ res.
A ESTRUTURA LÓGICA DA REPERCUSSÃO GERAL
Authors: Valentini Renato Bulbarelli 
Published: November 2024

O presente artigo possui como principal objetivo demonstrar qual a estrutura lógica que rege o procedimento de reconhecimento de repercussão geral. Para isso, parte-se da evidenciação da lógica jurídica como instrumento fundamental para a interpretação e aplicação do direito, na medida em que permite a compreensão de toda e qualquer estrutura normativa. A partir disso, evidencia-se a estrutura fundamental da norma jurídica completa, por meio de um processo de formalização, para que se permita, em seguida, evidenciar a estrutura específica – e, com isso, os aspectos fundamentais do funcionamento – da repercussão geral. O artigo procede, então, com a formalização do art. 1.035 do código de processo civil, como forma de elucidar a estrutura que rege o reconhecimento da repercussão geral, cuja análise permite evidenciar qual o percurso processual necessário para que determinada controvérsia jurídica seja enquadrada na classe denominada “repercussão geral”, possibilitando, assim, sua análise pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal. Por fim, realiza-se um teste da fórmula elaborada, que consiste na verificação de sua capacidade de descrever uma real situação de reconhecimento de repercussão geral pelo STF.
Sezione monografica. Dal margine al centro: rappresentazioni della disabilità nella letteratura e cultura dell’Italia contemporanea. Nota introduttiva
Authors: Patat Ellen , Bombara Daniela 
Published: November 2024

La presente introduzione si sofferma su alcuni nodi cruciali della relazione disabilità/letteratura alla luce della letteratura critica in materia, evidenziando il rapporto osmotico tra le espressioni letterarie, riflesso di una terminologica di sovente percepita come inadeguata, e la cultura dell’Italia contemporanea. Si presentano, inoltre, i saggi di una raccolta dedicati al tema nelle sue varie declinazioni, disquisendo su personaggi con disabilità di opere letterarie, fumettistiche, teatrali così come di persone reali a diverse altezze temporali. Infine, il discorso introduttivo è integrato da un’intervista inedita allo scrittore Sergio Rilletti.
Descolonizar la imagen en movimiento: el cinema novo como oposición al imperialismo cultural de Hollywood
Authors: Bochicchio Ana Laura 
Published: November 2024

En la década de 1960 surgieron en Latinoamérica tendencias cinematográficas que se auto-denominaron “nuevos cines”. Su intención fue conformar una contraposición a las características estilístico-formales y temáticas del cine hegemónico de Hollywood. Entre este movimiento artístico-revolucionario, uno de los destacados fue el cinema novo brasileño. El director bahiano Glauber Rocha fue un importante representante del mismo. A partir de sus manifiestos sobre la “estética del hambre” y su producción fílmica, es posible observar que su objetivo fue generar una conciencia de la subalternidad latinoamericana con el fin último de alcanzar la descolonización del ámbito cultural. Aquí se analiza el discurso y las imágenes anticolonialistas de dos de sus películas más emblemáticas: Deus e o diabo na terra do sol (1964) y O Dragão da Maldade contra o Santo Guerreiro (1969). Desde una estética similar al western hollywoodense, Rocha demuestra el mundo de la violencia al que se ven sometidas las personas subalternizadas – como metáfora de la identidad latinoamericana. Para ello enfatiza en cuestiones generales como la imposición del poder estatal, eclesiástico y latifundista tanto como en aspectos locales asociados al folclore brasileño del sertão, la figura del cangaceiro y el sincretismo religioso. El objetivo es comprender el modo en que el emblemático director construye un discurso antiimperialista que se opone tanto a la cinematografía estadounidense, soviética y europea, al buscar visibilizar la realidad subordinada de América Latina.