bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SWAT‐LUT: A Desktop Graphical User Interface for Updating Land Use in SWAT
Authors: Moriasi Daniel N. , Pai Naresh , Steiner Jean L. , Gowda Prasanna H. , Winchell Michael , Rathjens Hendrik , Starks Patrick J. , Verser J. Alan 
Published: September 2019

AbstractLong‐term simulations of agricultural watersheds have often been done assuming constant land use over time, but this is not a realistic assumption for many agricultural regions. This paper presents the soil and water assessment tool (SWAT)‐Landuse Update Tool (LUT), a standalone, user‐friendly desktop‐based tool for updating land use in the SWAT model that allows users to process multi‐year land use data. SWAT‐LUT is compatible with several SWAT model interfaces, provides users with several options to easily prepare and incorporate land use changes (LUCs) over a simulation period, and allows users to incorporate past or emerging land use categories. Incorporation of LUCs is expected to provide realistic model parameterization and scenario simulations. SWAT‐LUT is a public domain interface written in Python programming language. Two applications at the Fort Cobb Reservoir Experimental Watershed located in Oklahoma and pertinent results are provided to demonstrate its use. Incorporating LUCs related to implementation of recommended conservation practices over the years reduced discharge, evapotranspiration, sediment, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus loads by 59%, 9%, 68%, 53%, and 88%, respectively. The user’s manual is included in this article as Supporting Information. The SWAT‐LUT executable file and an example SWAT project with three land use rasters and the user’s manual are available at the United States Department of Agriculture‐Agricultural Research Service Grazinglands Research Laboratory website under Software. Editor’s note: This paper is part of the featured series on Optimizing Ogallala Aquifer Water Use to Sustain Food Systems. See the February 2019 issue for the introduction and background to the series.
Coronary artery calcium score in female rheumatoid arthritis patients: Associations with apolipoproteins and disease biomarkers
Authors: Bernardes Miguel , Madureira António , Oliveira Ana , Martins Maria João , Lucas Raquel , Costa Lúcia , Pereira Jorge G. , Ventura Francisco , Ramos Isabel , Martins Elisabete 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAims and methodsIn rheumatoid arthritis (RA), cardiovascular (CV) comorbidities are a major cause of mortality. Coronary Calcium Score (CCS) assessed by computed tomography has been associated with RA prognosis. In this work, we aimed to assess CCS in female RA patients and determine CCS association with different clinical, laboratory and imaging disease parameters.ResultsWe evaluated 60 female patients, with a mean age of 53.6 ± 10.4 years, a mean Disease Activity Score of 28 joints (DAS28) (4v) and Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) of 4.542 ± 1.317 and 1.488 ± 0.631, respectively, and a disease duration of 14.7 ± 10.3 years. Mean CCS value was 35.192 ± 117.786. CCS > 10 was significantly associated with CV risk factors (age: odds ratio [OR] = 1.120; P = .002, body mass index [BMI] ≥ 25 kg/m2: OR = 0.271; P = .025, high‐density lipoprotein [HDL]: OR = 0.011; P = .025, low‐density lipoprotein/ HDL ratio: OR = 2.084; P = .030, apolipoprotein A1 [ApoA1]: OR = 0.965; P = .014, apolipoprotein B/ApoA1 [ApoB/ApoA1] ratio: OR = 59.834; P = .011, homocysteine: OR = 1.287; P = .045, diabetes: OR = 10.400; P = .043, and anti‐diabetic therapy: OR = 10.667, P = .041), disease parameters (C‐reactive protein [CRP]: OR = 1.038; P = .046, DAS[4v]: OR = 1.900; P = .009, DAS28[4v; CRP]: OR = 1.700; P = .019, DAS[3v]: OR = 1.947; P = .010, DAS28[3v; CRP]: OR = 1.696; P = .022, HAQ: OR = 3.299; P = .023, erosion score: OR = 1.015; P = .012, and total modified Sharp/van der Heijde Score: OR = 1.008; P = .035), biomarkers (osteoprotegerin: OR = 1.505; P = .022), and bone mineral density (femoral: OR = 0.005; P = .018, lumbar spine: OR = 0.001; P = .002, left hand: OR = 7.9 × 10−9; P = .005, and osteoporosis: OR = 6.628; P = .007). After adjustment for age and BMI, significant associations were maintained with ApoA1, ApoB/ApoA1 ratio, homocysteine, CRP, DAS(4v), DAS(4v; CRP), DAS(3v) and DAS(3v; CRP). A sensitivity analysis undertaken after excluding the 6 diabetics yielded similar results.ConclusionsOur work reinforces the hypothesis that in RA, CCS may be a useful tool in CV risk assessment, particularly valuable in poorer controlled patients with certain lipoprotein profiles.
Adolescent‐onset heavy cannabis use associated with significantly reduced glial but not neuronal markers and glutamate levels in the hippocampus
Authors: Blest‐Hopley Grace , O'Neill Aisling , Wilson Robin , Giampietro Vincent , Lythgoe David , Egerton Alice , Bhattacharyya Sagnik 
Published: September 2019

AbstractCannabis use has been associated with adverse mental health outcomes, the neurochemical underpinnings of which are poorly understood. Although preclinical evidence suggests glutamatergic dysfunction following cannabis exposure in several brain regions including the hippocampus, evidence from human studies have been inconsistent. We investigated the effect of persistent cannabis use on the brain levels of N‐acetyl aspartate (NAA) and myoinositol, the metabolite markers of neurons and glia, the site of the main central cannabinoid CB1 receptor, and the levels of glutamate, the neurotransmitter directly affected by CB1 modulation. We investigated cannabis users (CUs) who started using during adolescence, the period of greatest vulnerability to cannabis effects and focused on the hippocampus, where type 1 cannabinoid receptors (CBR1) are expressed in high density and have been linked to altered glutamatergic neurotransmission. Twenty‐two adolescent‐onset CUs and 21 nonusing controls (NU), completed proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy, to measure hippocampal metabolite concentrations. Glutamate, NAA, and myoinositol levels were compared between CU and NU using separate analyses of covariance. CU had significantly lower myoinositol but not glutamate or NAA levels in the hippocampus compared with NU. Myoinositol levels in CU positively correlated with glutamate levels, whereas this association was absent in NU. Altered myoinositol levels may be a marker of glia dysfunction and is consistent with experimental preclinical evidence that cannabinoid‐induced glial dysfunction may underlie cannabinoid‐induced memory impairments. Future studies using appropriate imaging techniques such as positron emission tomography should investigate whether glial dysfunction associated with cannabis use underlies hippocampal dysfunction and memory impairment in CUs.
A national survey of out‐of‐hours working and fatigue in consultants in anaesthesia and paediatric intensive care in the UK and Ireland
Authors: McClelland L. , Plunkett E. , McCrossan R. , Ferguson K. , Fraser J. , Gildersleve C. , Holland J. , Lomas J. P. , Redfern N. , Pandit J. J. 
Published: September 2019

SummaryThe tragic death of an anaesthetic trainee driving home after a series of night shifts prompted a national survey of fatigue in trainee anaesthetists. This indicated that fatigue was widespread, with significant impact on trainees’ health and well‐being. Consultants deliver an increasing proportion of patient care resulting in long periods of continuous daytime duty and overnight on‐call work, so we wished to investigate their experience of out‐of‐hours working and the causes and impact of work‐related fatigue. We conducted a national survey of consultant anaesthetists and paediatric intensivists in the UK and Ireland between 25 June and 6 August 2018. The response rate was 46% (94% of hospitals were represented): 84% of respondents (95%CI 83.1–84.9%) contribute to a night on‐call rota with 32% (30.9–33.1%) working 1:8 or more frequently. Sleep disturbance on‐call is common: 47% (45.6–48.4%) typically receive two to three phone calls overnight, and 48% (46.6–49.4%) take 30 min or more to fall back to sleep. Only 15% (14.0–16.0%) reported always achieving 11 h of rest between their on‐call and their next clinical duty, as stipulated by the European Working Time Directive. Moreover, 24% (22.8–25.2%) stated that there is no departmental arrangement for covering scheduled clinical duties following a night on‐call if they have been in the hospital overnight. Overall, 91% (90.3–91.7%) reported work‐related fatigue with over half reporting a moderate or significantly negative impact on health, well‐being and home life. We discuss potential explanations for these results and ways to mitigate the effects of fatigue among consultants.
An International Society of Bipolar Disorders task force report: Precursors and prodromes of bipolar disorder
Authors: Faedda Gianni L. , Baldessarini Ross J. , Marangoni Ciro , Bechdolf Andreas , Berk Michael , Birmaher Boris , Conus Philippe , DelBello Melissa P. , Duffy Anne C. , Hillegers Manon H. J. , Pfennig Andrea , Post Robert M. , Preisig Martin , Ratheesh Aswin , Salvatore Paola , Tohen Mauricio , Vázquez Gustavo H. , Vieta Eduard , Yatham Lakshmi N. , Youngstrom Eric A. , Van Meter Anna , Correll Christoph U. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractObjectivesTo clarify the clinical features preceding the onset of bipolar disorder (BD) has become a public health priority for the prevention of high morbidity and mortality. BD remains frequently under‐ or misdiagnosed, and under‐ or mistreated, often for years.MethodsWe assessed the predictive value of precursors and prodromes of BD. We assessed precursors of first‐lifetime manic or hypomanic episodes with/without mixed features in retrospective and prospective studies. The task force evaluated and summarized separately assessments of familial risk, premorbid personality traits, retrospective, and prospective studies.ResultsCyclothymic features, a family history of BD, retrospectively reported attenuated manic symptoms, prospectively identified subthreshold symptoms of hypomania, recurrence of depression, panic anxiety and psychotic features, have been identified as clinical precursors of BD. The prodromal symptoms like [hypo]mania often appears to be long enough to encourage early identification and timely intervention.ConclusionsThe predictive value of any risk factor identified remains largely unknown. Prospective controlled studies are urgently needed for prevention and effective treatment.
Lasting effects of repeated ∆9‐tetrahydrocannabinol vapour inhalation during adolescence in male and female rats
Authors: Nguyen Jacques D. , Creehan Kevin M. , Kerr Tony M. , Taffe Michael A. 
Published: September 2019

Background and PurposeAdolescents are regularly exposed to ∆9‐tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) via smoking and, more recently, vaping cannabis extracts. Growing legalization of cannabis for medical and recreational purposes, combined with decreasing perceptions of harm, makes it increasingly important to determine the consequences of frequent adolescent exposure for motivated behaviour and lasting tolerance in response to THC.Experimental ApproachesMale and female rats inhaled THC vapour, or that from the propylene glycol (PG) vehicle, twice daily for 30 min from postnatal day (PND) 35–39 and PND 42–46 using an e‐cigarette system. Thermoregulatory responses to vapour inhalation were assessed by radio‐telemetry during adolescence and from PND 86–94. Chow intake was assessed in adulthood. Blood samples were obtained from additional adolescent groups following initial THC inhalation and after 4 days of twice daily exposure. Additional groups exposed repeatedly to THC or PG during adolescence were evaluated for intravenous self‐administration of oxycodone as adults.Key ResultsFemale, not male, adolescents developed tolerance to the hypothermic effects of THC inhalation in the first week of repeated exposure despite similar plasma THC levels. Each sex exhibited tolerance to THC hypothermia in adulthood after repeated adolescent THC. However, enhanced potency was found in females. Repeated THC male rats consumed more food than their PG‐treated control group, without significant bodyweight differences. Adolescent THC did not alter oxycodone self‐administration in either sex but increased fentanyl self‐administration in females.Conclusions and ImplicationsRepeated THC vapour inhalation in adolescent rats has lasting consequences observable in adulthood.
Obesity and risk of differentiated thyroid cancer: A large‐scale case‐control study
Authors: He Qiao , Sun Hui , Li Fang , Liang Nan 
Published: September 2019

AbstractObjectiveRecently, the incidence of thyroid cancer as well as obesity has dramatically increased worldwide. Whether obesity contributes to the development of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) remains controversial. We evaluated the relationship between anthropometric measurements and DTC risk.Design/Patients/MeasurementsA large frequency‐matched case‐control study based on hospital data was performed. A total of 10 668 DTC patients and 11 858 controls were enrolled. Body mass index (BMI), body surface area (BSA) and body fat percentage (BF%) were calculated. An unconditional logistic regression model was applied.ResultsThe univariate analysis showed a significant increase in DTC risk with increased height, weight, BMI, BSA and BF%. The multivariate analysis also showed a positive relationship. Based on the Chinese BMI (CN‐BMI) classification, for women of all ages, the ORs for DTC risk in overweight and obesity were 1.151 (1.037‐1277) and 1.292 (1.092‐1.528), respectively. For men under 50, the ORs were 1.221 (1.014‐1.469) and 1.520 (1.202‐1.923), respectively, but the ORs for men over 50 were not significant. Additionally, BSA showed a significant association with DTC risk for both sexes under 50 (P = .02 and P < .001). BF% remained significant only for women under 50 (P = .003). However, for both sexes over 50, neither BSA nor BF% was significantly associated with DTC risk. Based on The World Health Organization BMI (WHO‐BMI) classification, for all women and men over 50, the results were consistent with CN‐BMI. For men under 50, BF%, but not BMI, showed a significant association with DTC risk.ConclusionBMI, BSA and BF% were positively correlated with the risk of DTC, which was potentially affected by age and sex.
When is the Supplier's Message “Loud and Clear”? Mixed Signals from Supplier‐Induced Disruptions and the Response*
Authors: Cheng Li , Craighead Christopher W. , Wang Qiong , Li Juan Julie 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTFollowing supplier‐induced disruptions, suppliers may undertake recovery actions in hopes of reducing damage to the focal exchange with buyers. While research shows that the absence of suppliers’ recovery actions almost always leads to a deteriorated relationship, it is less clear if—or more likely when—the presence of suppliers’ recovery actions restores a relationship. Accordingly, we examine a specific set of suppliers’ recovery actions in light of important considerations—that is, disruption severity, suppliers’ dependence, and buyers’ supply chain risk uncertainty. Through the lens of signaling theory, we frame supplier‐induced disruptions as negative signals from suppliers (signalers) to buyers (receivers) and suppliers’ recovery actions as positive signals. We theorize that these mixed signals unfold in different buyers’ perceptions due to the aforementioned contextual considerations. Using the critical incident technique to capture disruption events, we find that the messages of suppliers conveyed through their recovery actions may or may not be “loud and clear,” depending on the context. In doing so, our results reveal substantive guidance for suppliers’ use of recovery actions to combat the negative perception of supplier‐induced disruptions. Likewise, the results are also promising for buying companies seeking to develop (i.e., improve) supplier performance.
Exposure and response analysis of aleglitazar on cardiovascular risk markers and safety outcomes: An analysis of the AleCardio trial
Authors: Koomen Jeroen V. , Heerspink Hiddo J. L. , Schrieks Ilse C. , Schwartz Gregory G. , Lincoff A. Michael , Nicholls Stephen J. , Svensson Anders , Wedel Hans , Weichert Arlette , Grobbee Diederick E. , Stevens Jasper 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAimsThe AleCardio trial aimed to characterize the efficacy and safety of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐αγ agonist aleglitazar in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and acute coronary syndrome. The trial terminated early because of futility and safety signals. We evaluated whether the safety signals could be attributed to increased exposure to aleglitazar.Materials and MethodsThe AleCardio trial enrolled 7226 patients to receive aleglitazar 150 μg or matching placebo on top of standard care. A population pharmacokinetic analysis was conducted in a pharmacokinetic substudy to identify covariates that explained interindividual variability in exposure. Subsequently, the effect of these covariates on surrogate and clinical outcomes was assessed in the full patient population.ResultsConcomitant administration of clopidogrel was identified as a covariate that influenced the apparent clearance of aleglitazar. Patients using clopidogrel had a mean predicted area under the plasma‐concentration‐time curve (AUC0–24) of 174.7 ng h/mL (SD: ±112.9 ng h/mL) versus 142.2 ng h/mL (SD: ±92.6 ng h/mL) in patients without clopidogrel. The effect of aleglitazar compared with placebo on HbA1c, haemoglobin, serum creatinine and adiponectin was modified by concomitant clopidogrel use (P for interaction 0.007, 0.002, <0.001 and < 0.001, respectively).ConclusionsConcomitant use of clopidogrel was identified as a covariate that explained interindividual variability in exposure to aleglitazar. Patients using clopidogrel showed an additional lowering of HbA1c, at the expense of an additional decrease in haemoglobin, and an increase in serum creatinine and adiponectin. Clopidogrel is a moderate inhibitor of CYP2C8. Because aleglitazar is metabolized by CYP2C8, a pharmacokinetic interaction could explain differences in exposure and response to aleglitazar.
Association of total sedentary behaviour and television viewing with risk of overweight/obesity, type 2 diabetes and hypertension: A dose–response meta‐analysis
Authors: Guo Chunmei , Zhou Qionggui , Zhang Dongdong , Qin Pei , Li Quanman , Tian Gang , Liu Dechen , Chen Xu , Liu Leilei , Liu Feiyan , Cheng Cheng , Qie Ranran , Han Minghui , Huang Shengbing , Wu Xiaoyan , Zhao Yang , Ren Yongcheng , Zhang Ming , Liu Yu , Hu Dongsheng 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAimsTo explore the quantitative dose–response association of total sedentary behaviour and television viewing with overweight/obesity, type 2 diabetes and hypertension in a meta‐analysis.Materials and methodsWe searched three databases to identify English‐language reports that assessed the association of total sedentary behaviour or television viewing with the aforementioned health outcomes. Restricted cubic splines were used to evaluate possible linear or non‐linear associations of total sedentary behaviour and television viewing with these health outcomes.ResultsWe included 48 articles (58 studies) with a total of 1 071 967 participants in the meta‐analysis; 21 (six cohort and 15 cross‐sectional) studies examined the association of total sedentary behaviour with overweight/obesity, 23 (13 cohort and 10 cross‐sectional) studies examined the association with type 2 diabetes and 14 (one cohort and 13 cross‐sectional) studies examined the association with hypertension. We found linear associations between total sedentary behaviour and type 2 diabetes (Pnon‐linearity = 0.190) and hypertension (Pnon‐linearity = 0.225) and a non‐linear association between total sedentary behaviour and overweight/obesity (Pnon‐linearity = 0.003). For each 1‐h/d increase in total sedentary behaviour, the risk increased by 5% for type 2 diabetes and 4% for hypertension. We also found linear associations between television viewing and type 2 diabetes (Pnon‐linearity = 0.948) and hypertension (Pnon‐linearity = 0.679) and a non‐linear association for overweight/obesity (Pnon‐linearity = 0.007). For each 1‐h/d increase in television viewing, the risk increased by 8% for type 2 diabetes and 6% for hypertension.ConclusionsHigh levels of total sedentary behaviour and television viewing were associated with overweight/obesity, type 2 diabetes and hypertension.
Safety and pharmacokinetics of naringenin: A randomized, controlled, single‐ascending‐dose clinical trial
Authors: Rebello Candida J. , Beyl Robbie A. , Lertora Juan J. L. , Greenway Frank L. , Ravussin Eric , Ribnicky David M. , Poulev Alexander , Kennedy Brandon J. , Castro Hector F. , Campagna Shawn R. , Coulter Ann A. , Redman Leanne M. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAimsTo evaluate the safety and pharmacokinetics of naringenin in healthy adults consuming whole‐orange (Citrus sinensis) extract.Methods and methodsIn a single‐ascending‐dose randomized crossover trial, 18 adults ingested doses of 150 mg (NAR150), 300 mg (NAR300), 600 mg (NAR600) and 900 mg (NAR900) naringenin or placebo. Each dose or placebo was followed by a wash‐out period of at least 1 week. Blood safety markers were evaluated pre‐dose and 24 hours post‐dose. Adverse events (AEs) were recorded. Serum naringenin concentrations were measured before and over 24 hours following ingestion of placebo, NAR150 and NAR600. Four‐ and 24‐hour serum measurements were obtained after placebo, NAR300 and NAR900 ingestion. Data were analysed using a mixed‐effects linear model.ResultsThere were no relevant AEs or changes in blood safety markers following ingestion of any of the naringenin doses. The pharmacokinetic variables were: maximal concentration: 15.76 ± 7.88 μM (NAR150) and 48.45 ± 7.88 μM (NAR600); time to peak: 3.17 ± 0.74 hours (NAR150) and 2.41 ± 0.74 hours (NAR600); area under the 24‐hour concentration–time curve: 67.61 ± 24.36 μM × h (NAR150) and 199.05 ± 24.36 μM × h (NAR600); and apparent oral clearance: 10.21 ± 2.34 L/h (NAR150) and 13.70 ± 2.34 L/h (NAR600). Naringenin half‐life was 3.0 hours (NAR150) and 2.65 hours (NAR600). After NAR300 ingestion, serum concentrations were 10.67 ± 5.74 μM (4 hours) and 0.35 ± 0.30 μM (24 hours). After NAR900 ingestion, serum concentrations were 43.11 ± 5.26 μM (4 hours) and 0.24 ± 0.30 μM (24 hours).ConclusionsIngestion of 150 to 900 mg doses of naringenin is safe in healthy adults, and serum concentrations are proportional to the dose administered. Since naringenin (8 μM) is effective in primary human adipocytes, ingestion of 300 mg naringenin twice/d will likely elicit a physiological effect.
Pre‐Columbian fisheries catch reconstruction for a subtropical estuary in South America
Authors: Fossile Thiago , Ferreira Jessica , da Rocha Bandeira Dione , Figuti Levy , Dias‐da‐Silva Sérgio , Hausmann Niklas , Robson Harry K. , Orton David , Colonese André Carlo 
Published: August 2019

AbstractSmall‐scale fisheries provide food and livelihoods for thousands of people along the Brazilian coastline. However, considerable uncertainties still surround the extent to which artisanal and subsistence fisheries contribute to the total of national landings and their historical ecological significance. Fisheries monitoring is deficient in Brazil, and historical records are limited to irregular accounts spanning the last few decades, while this coastline has supported human populations for at least 6,000 years. Here, we estimate pre‐Columbian subsistence catches for a large subtropical estuary in southern Brazil. Our results suggest that prehistoric populations may have extracted volumes of fish biomass higher than or comparable with historical subsistence fisheries in the region, and that the latter is likely underestimated. If a long‐term perspective is required to evaluate the current economic value and status of fisheries in subtropical and tropical South America, this should go beyond the historical time interval and integrate the contribution of pre‐Columbian archaeology.