bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of Transversus Abdominis Plane Block for Postoperative Analgesia in Obstetric Cases Undergoing Caesarean Section
Authors: Pradhan Roshan , Mishra Seema Kumari , Rajbanshi Lalit Kumar , Khanal Kanak , Arjyal Batsalya , Pokharel Hanoon P 
Published: September 2019

Introduction: Transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block is a regional anesthesia that involves the infiltration of local anesthetic in between the internal oblique and transversus abdominis muscle plane. This block provides post-operative analgesia and reduces the requirement of opioids consumption.
Objective: To assess the effectiveness of TAP block in providing postoperative analgesia in women undergoing caesarean section.
Methodology: This was a hospital based prospective, comparative, cross sectional study conducted in 70 patients from 17th September 2018 to 17th February 2019 undergoing caesarean section under spinal anesthesia. Patients were divided into two groups. Group A patients received TAP block with 0.5% Ropivacaine versus Group B patients received injection paracetamol 1gm intravenous every 8 hourly as a standard and routine analgesic. At the end of the surgery, TAP block was performed by anesthesiologist and assessment of postoperative pain using a visual analogue pain score at every 1 hour, 3 hour, 6 hour, 12 hour and 24 hour by trained staffs at postoperative ward. Then, depending upon the severity of the pain injection fentanyl 1mcg/kg intravenous was given as rescue analgesia. Short assessment of patient satisfaction (SAPS) score was also assessed 24 hours postoperatively.
Results: Compared to control group, in women who received TAP block, there was statistically significant reduction in pain at 3 hr, 6 hr, 24 hrs. However at 12 hrs there was no significant difference in the pain score. The cumulative fentanyl requirement was also significantly less in the TAP block group at all the time points.
Conclusion: The TAP block provided highly effective postoperative analgesia following caesarean section and reduces the fentanyl requirement in the first 24 hour.
ESTIMATION OF THE COLLECTION RICE ACCORDING TO RESISTANCE TO CEREAL APHID
Authors: Kostylev P. I. , Krasnova E. V. , Radchenko E. E. , Kuznetsova T. L. , Chumakov M. A. 
Published: September 2019

Ordinary cereal aphid causes great damage to rice plants in the Rostov region and the Krasnodar Territory. Its harmful effects can be limited with the help of plant genetic resistance. The study of resistance of collection rice material to aphids has only recently begun. Therefore, there is a need to analyze the hereditary polymorphism of rice samples according to resistance to ordinary cereal aphid. 494 collection samples of the laboratory for rice breeding and seed production at the FSBSI Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy” were the material for the research. In laboratory VIR conditions, young rice plants were infected by the Krasnodar ordinary aphid, after which there was performed a phenotypic damage assessment using a scale from 0 (no damage) to 10 (plant death). Due to the study it was found that most of the samples were unstable or weakly stable. There were identified 15.1% of relatively stable forms, their damage was 1–4 points. Most samples showed a wide range of variation in plant damage from 1 to 10 points. Only 41 samples out of the 494 studied ones were homogeneous, all plants of which received the same point (1, 2, 3, 4, 8, or 10); the rest samples were heterogeneous. 167 samples received two variants of points, 226 samples received three, 60 samples received four. The rice samples ‘Kandidat’, ‘Komandor’, ‘PF-4186’, ‘Norin 31’, ‘Priozerny 61’, ‘Don 7243’, ‘Don 4237’ can be recommended as sources of resistance to ordinary cereal aphid to develop new rice varieties.
Inuit Co-Management Strategies in the Arctic
Authors: Villanueva Emily 
Published: September 2019

Inuit co-management of northern resources and environments is critical to the survival of these rapidly changing ecosystems. This paper explores co-management initiatives currently present in the Arctic, as well as the creation and implementation of these strategies. The relationship between Indigenous traditional knowledge and the success of co-management strategies is analyzed, noting that dismissive beliefs held by Eurocentric power figures affect the existence and enforcement of these strategies. The effects of climate change and faunal conservation are two of the pillars upon which co-management techniques are founded in Arctic communities, making them key players in the pursuit of a sustainable future.
Climate Change Strategies 101
Authors: MacDonald Donald Evan 
Published: September 2019

The development of climate change action plans and strategies is usually done via the policy cycle during the first half of a government’s term. This short-term political process is at odds with the longer-term climate change issue that requires a consistent and sustained effort. Consequently, this often leads to conflicting and ever changing climate plans and strategies that often do not fully move to implementation. Several key strategic questions need to be considered at the policy agenda setting stage. Examples of these questions include: the real impetus for developing the plan, political will to take on policy development at a particular time, the degree of intention to actually implement it, and depth of target vs. costs to the economy. The developmental stage of climate plans in Canada has historically involved five key components (with many variations): 1) background policy and scientific work; 2) consultation process; 3) economic/policy analysis and target setting; 4) building political support for a greenhouse gas target and policy package to meet the target; and 5) refinement and final political approval. Businesses are also responding by developing climate change strategies to either hedge their risk of being regulated, hedge their risk related to severe weather events, and/or to take advantage of climate business opportunities.
Edmonton Hiphop Kulture: Techniques of self and cultural sustainability
Authors: Pearson Diana Heather Patricia , Yazdanmehr Roya 
Published: September 2019

The word culture is rich with complex meanings and despite its use in common speech little is known about it and even less about the practices that contribute to ‘its’ continued existence, what might be called cultural sustainability. Edmonton Hiphop Kulture:Techniques of Self and Cultural Sustainability documents the role of techniques of self, defined as the daily practices an individual uses to transform his or her body, soul, thought and conduct of being (Foucault, 1988, p. 18), in the development and maintenance of Hiphop Kulture in Edmonton, Alberta. Using a Critical Constructivist methodology, the researchers document the weekly creation of Hiphop Kulture knowledge at Cipher5, a knowledge circle organized by Hip Hop specialists Andre Hamilton, Don Welsh, and MacEwan University professor Dr. Michael B. MacDonald. With Michel Foucault’s (1988) theory in mind that culture is a form of administration built by techniques of production, signification, domination and self (Kendall & Wickham, 1999, pp. 3-54), this paper documents the researchers’ exploration of techniques of self in Hiphop Kulture. The researchers theorize that these techniques, or cultural practices, include self-expression, belonging, and identity development and that these three techniques encourage the sustainability of Edmonton Hiphop Kulture. Research methods include participant observation at weekly Cipher5 meetings, autoethnography, interviews with Cipher5 members, and a literature review including a critical hermeneutic analysis of Hiphop literature.
David Suzuki - A Man of Conservation
Authors: Sperber Samantha 
Published: September 2019

An environmentalist, a geneticist, a broadcaster and an all around conservationist, Dr. David Suzuki is a Canadian born “lover of the land”, directing the world’s attention to the environment and the damage that human life has bestowed on it. In his youth, Suzuki faced much racial discrimination as a Japanese Canadian born during the Second World War. He quickly grew fondness of nature and biology, spending most of his early life outdoors learning from nature. His professional career began as an Assistant Professor in Genetics at the University of Alberta, where it was quickly evident that he was an outstanding speaker. His speaking ability, combined with his love of nature, landed him many broadcasting positions; his most notable being his time spent hosting “The Nature of Things”. Aside from his many awards, one of Suzuki’s greatest achievements was his creation of the David Suzuki Foundation, a tool through which people could learn about and address environmental issues, a combined idea of Suzuki and his wife Tera Cullis. The foundation has not only provided challenges for individuals to make a difference, but has also government and industry leaders, inspiring people everywhere. “I have no Illusions that I am so important that I can turn everything around, I have no illusions that my foundation is going to make a huge difference, but I believe if millions of people like me and thousands of organizations like mine are all doing their small part we can become an irresistible force” – David Suzuki.
Species Conservation in a Globalized World
Authors: Engel Sharlene 
Published: September 2019

In today’s globalized world, international cooperation and information sharing becomes increasingly important. This paper examines the criteria provided in the United State’s Endangered Species Act, the European Union’s Habitat Directive, and the International Union for Conservation of Nature’s Red List. The interplay between these lists creates barriers to conserving and protecting global biological diversity, resulting in a need for more international cooperation and collaboration
Where Patriarchy, Gender, and Verdicts Collide: Servant Theft Against their Masters in England during the Late Seventeenth and Early Eighteenth Centuries
Authors: Letawsky Sarah 
Published: September 2019

Servant theft against their masters during the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries was common and influenced by societal expectations and regulations. Strict guidelines dictated prescriptive notions of servant behaviour, which could be difficult for servants to maintain. With limited freedom under a system of service influenced by patriarchy and religion, servants chose to commit theft offences to provide a solution to their circumstances. Male and female servants usually stole items that corresponded to their occupational roles. By examining fifteen court cases tried at The Old Bailey, one can see that male and female servants demonstrated similar levels of criminality, but female servants often received harsher punishment for their thefts than male servants due to the patriarchal framework of early modern English sociaty.
A Comparison between Real and DLA Simulated Liver Lobules using a Population Density Analysis
Authors: Wisk Sara , Rezania Vahid 
Published: September 2019

A liver lobule is comprised of networks of sinusoids and hepatocytes. Here, a liver lobule was computationally constructed by using diffusion-limited aggregation (DLA) method. A population density analysis of the sinusoids and hepatocytes was performed and then compared with a real lobule image. The resulting images were compared using a histogram to interpret the ratio of hepatocytes to sinusoids.
OPPORTUNITY PENDIDIKAN: TRANSFORMASI DI ERA DISRUPSI DAN REVOLUSI INDUSTRI 4.0
Authors: Duryat Masduki 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT
Disruption is an innovation. This is an innovation that will replace the entire old system with new ways. Disruption has the potential to replace old players with new ones. Disruption replaces old technology with digital technology that produces something completely new and more efficient and more useful. Whereas in the Industrial 4.0 era, machines and factories will be connected, exchange data, work together, and make independent decisions collectively. The Industrial Age 4.0 offers time and resource efficiency, cost savings, increased income, agility, and innovation for the industry. The old industry or incumbent will be replaced by a more efficient new-style industry. Therefore this disruption must be anticipated so that we can see new opportunities in the future. In the context of education—especially high education— as a printer of skilled human resources—must be prepared with 4 C skills (creativity, critical thinking, communication and collaboration) must be thoroughly prepared because in this sophisticated era humans will co-exist with smart machines at workplace. Education must change, if not, then in 30 years we will face a big problem. Everything we teach should be different from machines — everything that is taught must make humans different from machines. Humans as products of education, must still have ethics/morals—because religion is truly a source of value/ethics—which must be implemented through education (Islam) in this disruption era.
Interprofessional Role of Cadaver Laboratory Experience in Paramedic Education at Creighton University
Authors: Leggio William , Lippert Joseph , Kozlowski Ian , Meyer Anthony , Miller Michael , Ernest Eric 
Published: September 2019

<p>This brief report introduces and provides a reflection on the interprofessional role of an annual cadaver laboratory experience in the paramedic program at Creighton University, United States. Similar experiences in paramedic education have been noted to be beneficial in increasing paramedic student’s knowledge of anatomy and ability to perform procedures. Learners that participated in this report and reflection reported gains in their education and appreciation of other professions that support previous research on the topic and the value of this distinct experience. </p>
Lost To Follow Up Odha dengan Terapi Antiretroviral (Arv) di Yayasan Peduli Kelompok Dukungan Sebaya Kota Makassar
Authors: Irmawati Irmawati , Masriadi Masriadi 
Published: September 2019

HIV atau human immunodeficiency virus sejenis virus yang menyerang sel darah putih yang menyebabkan menurunnya kekebalan tubuh manusia. Antiretroviralbertujuan untuk menekan replikasi HIV dalam darah.. Berdasarkan data Yayasan Peduli Kelompok Dukungan Sebaya (YPKDS) tahun 2015 ODHA yang ARV sebanyak 1,598 orang, lost follow up yang tidak dapat ditelusuri sebanyak 406, dan lost follow up yang masih dapat ditelusuri sebanyak 70 orang, yang meninggal dunia sebanyak 479 orang. Dari data tsb perlu dilakukan upaya pencegahan terhadap lost to follow up ARV pada ODHA. Penelitian ini menggunakan DesainCross Sectional Study. jumlah sampel 69 orang. tekhnik pengambilaan sampel total sampling. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis univariat, bivariat, dan multivariat, pengolahan data menggunakan system komputerisasi dengan analisis chi-square.Hasil penelitian ditemukan 2 (dua) variabel yang berhubungan dengan lost to follow up yaitu Dukungan keluarga, dan efek samping obat. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalahefek samping obat yang paling berpengaruh dengan lost to fullow up dengan nilai Exp (B) = 38.667 sehinggaSebaiknya ODHA yang memulai terapi ARV harus mampu memilih jenis ARV yang tepat dengan efek samping yang kecil.
lanning and Evaluation of Bioequivalence Studies of Telmisartan Generic Drug Products
Authors: Khokhlov A. L. , Romodanovsky D. P. , Miroshnikov A. E. 
Published: September 2019

Introduction. Telmisartan is a modern antihypertensive drug, from the group of angiotensin II receptor antagonists, which, recently, has been the purpose of the development and registration of generic drug. The pharmaceutical development of telmisartan generics and their evaluation in bioequivalence studies is complicated by many factors that influence the results of comparison with the reference drug. Therefore, it is relevant to study these factors for the proper planning of studies and for evaluating their results from the generic drugs of telmisartan.Aim. The aim of the study is to identify the key factors that should be considered in planning and evaluation of bioequivalence studies of telmisartan’s generics.Materials and methods. To identify the key factors influencing the planning and evaluation of studies of telmisartan generics, a retrospective analysis of the results of seven telmisartan studies was conducted. Calculated pharmacokinetic parameters Cmax, AUC0-t, tmax; their average values; the values of intraindividual variability for each study and the average of the coefficients of intraindividual variability obtained.Results and discussion. The results of the study demonstrated that the drugs of telmisartan are highly variable, there are sex differences in the pharmacokinetics of telmisartan. According to the averaged values of the concentrations and pharmacokinetic profiles of telmisartan, the following areas were determined: the area of maximum exposure of telmisartan, the duration and schedule of blood sampling, to obtain the optimal pharmacokinetic profile. The most optimal method for the determination of telmisartan is HPLC MS/MS with a lower limit of quantification in the range of 0.5–3 ng/ml. The upper limit of the 90% confidence interval was calculated for the pooled average of the coefficients of intraindividual variability obtained in the considered studies.Conclusion. Recommendations were developed for planning and evaluating bioequivalence studies of generic telmisartan preparations. It is necessary to plan bioequivalence studies with replicated design in three or four periods, with two crossovers, with two sequences of drug intake. To assess the pharmacokinetics of telmisartan one should use the data on its exposure given in the article. When determining the sample size, one should be guided by the upper limit of the confidence interval of the averaged values of the coefficient of intra-individual variability Cmax of telmisartan (45%). Evaluation of results should be carried out taking into account the possibility of scaling bioequivalence limits for the Cmax. The bioequivalence limit for the AUC0-t parameter should remain in the range of 80.00–125.00%, as well as the ratio of geometric means for both parameters.
Pengaruh Kompetensi dan Motivasi Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan
Authors: Anjani Ayu 
Published: September 2019

Abstract: This study aims to examine the effect of competence and work motivation on employee performance. The research method used in this study is a quantitative research method. The population in this study was employees of the marketing department of PT. Lambang Putra Perkasa Motor Cirebon with a total of 45 people. The sampling technique uses saturated samples so that all employees are sampled in this study. The technique of drawing data using a questionnaire and data analysis used is multiple regression analysis. The results showed that there was a positive and significant influence between the variables of competence and motivation on employee performance Keyword: Competency; Motivation; Employee Performance Abstrak : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh kompetensi dan motivasi kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah meotde penelitian kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah karyawan bagian marketing PT. Lambang Putra Perkasa Motor Cirebon dengan jumlah 45 orang. Teknik penarikan sampel menggunakan sampel jenuh, sehingga seluruh anggota populasi dijadikan sampel dalam penelitian ini. Teknik penarikan data menggunakan kuesioner dan analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi ganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan antara variabel kompetensi dan motivasi terhadap kinerja karyawan. Kata Kunci : Kompetensi; Motivasi; Kinerja Karyawan
PENGARUH PENGAWASAN DAN KEDISIPLINAN TERHADAP KINERJA PADA KANTOR CAMAT SEBERIDA KABUPATEN INDRAGIRI HULU
Authors: Astarman Astarman 
Published: September 2019

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada Kantor Camat Seberida Kabupaten Indragiri Hulu. Perumusan masalah adalah apakah pengawasan dan kedisiplinan secara simultan dan parsial berpengaruh terhadap kinerja. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pengawasan dan kedisiplinan secara simultan dan parsial terhadap kinerja. Dalam penelitian ini, penulis menggunakan pengambilan sampel Metode Sensus sebanyak 35 responden. Analisa data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu analisa deskriptif dan analisa kuantitatif. Hasil Analisis Regresi Linear Berganda diperoleh Y = 2,055 + 0,408 X1 + 0,355 X2 a = 2,055 artinya jika pengawasan dan kedisiplinan sama dengan 0 (nol) atau konstan (tidak mengalami peningkatan dan penurunan) maka besarnya kinerja sebesar 2,055 poin, b1 = 0,408 artinya jika pengawasan meningkat sebesar 1 (satu) satuan (sementara kedisiplinan tetap) maka kinerja akan mengalami peningkatan sebesar 0,408 poin, b2 = 0,355 artinya jika kedisiplinan meningkat sebesar 1 (satu) satuan (sementara pengawasan tetap) maka kinerja akan mengalami peningkatan sebesar 0,355 poin. Hasil Uji simultan (Uji F) diperoleh Fhitung 5,360 > Ftabel 3,29, maka berdasarkan kriteria pengujian data dapat diketahui bahwa Ha diterima dan H0 ditolak, artinya pengawasan dan kedisiplinan secara bersama-sama (simultan) berpengaruh terhadap kinerja. Hasil uji parsial (Uji t) diperoleh nilai variabel pengawasan dengan thitung 2,520 > ttabel 2,0345, berdasarkan kriteria pengujian data dapat diketahui bahwa Ha diterima dan H0 ditolak artinya pengawasan secara parsial berpengaruh terhadap kinerja dan diperoleh nilai variabel kedisiplinan dengan thitung 1,911 < ttabel 2,0345, berdasarkan kriteria pengujian data dapat diketahui bahwa H0 diterima dan Ha ditolak artinya kedisiplinan secara parsial tidak berpengaruh terhadap kinerja. Hasil perhitungan uji R, diperoleh nilai R atau korelasi adalah 0,501 artinya mempunyai hubungan yang sedang serta searah antara pengawasan dan kedisiplinan dengan kinerja, maksudnya apabila pengawasan dan kedisiplinan meningkat maka kinerja juga akan meningkat dan diperoleh nilai R Square atau Koefisien Determinasi (R2) sebesar 0,251 artinya variabel kinerja dapat dijelaskan oleh variabel pengawasan dan kedisiplinan sebesar 25,1%, sedangkan sisanya sebesar 74,9% dijelaskan oleh variabel-variabel bebas lainnya yang tidak diteliti.
Formação dos profissionais da Educação Infantil
Authors: De Araújo Víviam Carvalho , Macário Alice de Paiva 
Published: September 2019

O presente texto tem como propósito problematizar a relação ensino/pesquisa/extensão a partir das atividades desenvolvidas no Grupo de Pesquisa "Linguagens, Infâncias, Cultura e Desenvolvimento Humano" - GP LICEDH, da Faculdade de Educação da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora/MG. O grupo pauta suas ações na pesquisa e formação de professores, planejando atividades formativas com foco na discussão acerca dos saberes/fazeres da/na Educação Infantil. O aporte teórico-metodológico que embasa as discussões são os autores da Perspectiva Histórico-Cultural, da Pesquisa Crítica de Colaboração- PCCol, assim como as referências no campo teórico da Educação Infantil e as políticas públicas para a área. O GP LICEDH compreende que a formação de professores é um princípio fundamental no processo de consolidação da qualidade na Educação Infantil, além de ser um dos eixos norteadores dos documentos e das políticas educacionais brasileiras na atualidade.
Entre o Brasil e os Estados Unidos:
Authors: Neemias da Cruz Abner 
Published: September 2019

O presente artigo tem por escopo abordar acordos, conflitos, negociações e pactos concretizados entre o governo de Washington, sob a gestão de James Monroe (1822 –1824) e John Quincy Adams (1824 –1828), versus o governo de D. Pedro I (1822 –1828). Também serão examinados alguns problemas pontuais envolvendo estadunidenses e brasileiros. Entendemos que as relações entre Brasil e Estados Unidos foram oficialmente iniciadas em 1824, porém o recorte temporal deste trabalho volve até os idos de 1822 para a contextualização dos projetos de diplomacia entre os dois países. Findamos nossas análises em 1828, quando foi celebrado o Tratado de Amizade e Comércio entre os supramencionados governos.