bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Kind Of Conditional Vertex Connectivity Of Cayley Graphs Generated By Wheel Graphs
Authors: Luo Zuwen , Xu Liqiong 
Published: July 2019

AbstractLet $G=(V(G), E(G))$ be a connected graph. A subset $T \subseteq V(G)$ is called an $R^{k}$-vertex-cut, if $G-T$ is disconnected and each vertex in $V(G)-T$ has at least $k$ neighbors in $G-T$. The cardinality of a minimum $R^{k}$-vertex-cut is the $R^{k}$-vertex-connectivity of $G$ and is denoted by $\kappa ^{k}(G)$. $R^{k}$-vertex-connectivity is a new measure to study the fault tolerance of network structures beyond connectivity. In this paper, we study $R^{1}$-vertex-connectivity and $R^{2}$-vertex-connectivity of Cayley graphs generated by wheel graphs, which are denoted by $AW_{n}$, and show that $\kappa ^{1}(AW_{n})=4n-7$ for $n\geq 6$; $\kappa ^{2}(AW_{n})=6n-12$ for $n\geq 6$.
Migration and investments in the health of children left behind: the role of remittances in children’s healthcare utilization in Cambodia
Authors: Treleaven Emily 
Published: July 2019

AbstractRemittances, financial support from family members who have migrated for work, are an increasingly important source of income for households left behind in many lower- and middle-income countries. While remittances have been shown to affect the health status of children left behind, evidence is very limited as to whether and how they affect children’s healthcare utilization. Yet, this is an important consideration for policymakers seeking to improve equitable access to quality care in settings where migration is common. I examine whether children under age five whose household receives remittances are more likely to utilize higher quality healthcare providers than those without remittances in Cambodia, a country with high rates of migration and a pluralistic health system. The analysis includes 2230 children reporting recent illness in three waves of the Cambodia Socio-Economic Survey with data on migration, remittances and children’s health expenditures. I use mixed-effects and fixed-effects regression analysis to estimate the effect of remittances on children’s likelihood of entering care with a formally trained provider, and among those attending a formally trained provider, likelihood of using a public-sector facility. Treatment expenditures are lower among households with remittances, while transportation expenditures do not vary significantly by remittance status. In mixed-effects and fixed-effect regression models, children who receive remittances have a lower likelihood of utilizing qualified providers (adjusted OR = 0.66, 95% confidence interval 0.44–0.98), though this effect is attenuated in fixed-effects models, and there is no association between remittances and attending a public-sector facility. These findings underscore that remittances alone are not sufficient to increase children’s utilization of qualified providers in migrant-sending areas, and suggest that policymakers should to address barriers to care beyond cost to promote utilization and equity of access to higher quality care where remittances are a common source of income.
Loss of Cln5 leads to altered Gad1 expression and deficits in interneuron development in mice
Authors: Singh Yajuvinder , Leinonen Henri , Fazaludeen Feroze , Jaronen Merja , Guest Debbie , Buckley Noel , Byts Nadiya , Oksa Petra , Jalkanen Kari , Iqbal Imran , Huuskonen Mikko , Savchenko Ekaterina , Keksa-Goldsteine Velta , Chew Sweelin , Myllyharju Johanna , Tanila Heikki , Ooi Lezanne , Koistinaho Jari , Kanninen Katja M , Malm Tarja 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The Finnish-variant late infantile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis, also known as CLN5 disease, is caused by mutations in the CLN5 gene. Cln5 is strongly expressed in the developing brain and expression continues into adulthood. CLN5, a protein of unknown function, is implicated in neurodevelopment but detailed investigation is lacking. Using Cln5−/− embryos of various ages and cells harvested from Cln5−/− brains we investigated the hitherto unknown role of Cln5 in the developing brain. Loss of Cln5 results in neuronal differentiation deficits and delays in interneuron development during in utero period. Specifically, the radial thickness of dorsal telencephalon was significantly decreased in Cln5−/− mouse embryos at embryonic day 14.5 (E14.5), and expression of Tuj1, an important neuronal marker during development, was down-regulated. An interneuron marker calbindin and a mitosis marker p-H3 showed down-regulation in ganglionic eminences. Neurite outgrowth was compromised in primary cortical neuronal cultures derived from E16 Cln5−/− embryos compared with WT embryos. We show that the developmental deficits of interneurons may be linked to increased levels of the repressor element 1-silencing transcription factor, which we report to bind to glutamate decarboxylase (Gad1), which encodes GAD67, a rate-limiting enzyme in the production of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Indeed, adult Cln5−/− mice presented deficits in hippocampal parvalbumin-positive interneurons. Furthermore, adult Cln5−/− mice presented deficits in hippocampal parvalbumin-positive interneurons and showed age-independent cortical hyper excitability as measured by electroencephalogram and auditory-evoked potentials. This study highlights the importance of Cln5 in neurodevelopment and suggests that in contrast to earlier reports, CLN5 disease is likely to develop during embryonic stages.
Efficacy and Safety of Fixed-Dose Esketamine Nasal Spray Combined With a New Oral Antidepressant in Treatment-Resistant Depression: Results of a Randomized, Double-Blind, Active-Controlled Study (TRANSFORM-1)
Authors: Fedgchin Maggie , Trivedi Madhukar , Daly Ella J , Melkote Rama , Lane Rosanne , Lim Pilar , Vitagliano Dawn , Blier Pierre , Fava Maurizio , Liebowitz Michael , Ravindran Arun , Gaillard Raphael , Ameele Hans Van Den , Preskorn Sheldon , Manji Husseini , Hough David , Drevets Wayne C , Singh Jaskaran B 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Background
About one-third of patients with depression fail to achieve remission despite treatment with multiple antidepressants and are considered to have treatment-resistant depression.

Methods
This Phase 3, double-blind, multicenter study enrolled adults with moderate-to-severe depression and nonresponse to ≥2 antidepressants in the current depression episode. Eligible patients (N = 346) were randomized (1:1:1) to twice-weekly nasal spray treatment (esketamine [56 or 84 mg] or placebo) plus a newly initiated, open-label, oral antidepressant taken daily for 4 weeks. The primary efficacy endpoint was change from baseline to day 28 in the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale total score, performed by blinded, remote raters. Based on the predefined statistical testing sequence, esketamine 84 mg/antidepressant had to be significant for esketamine 56 mg/antidepressant to be formally tested.

Results
Statistical significance was not achieved with esketamine 84 mg/antidepressant compared with antidepressant/placebo (least squares [LS] means difference [95% CI]: –3.2 [–6.88, 0.45]; 2-sided P value = .088). Although esketamine 56 mg/antidepressant could not be formally tested, the LS means difference was –4.1 [–7.67, –0.49] (nominal 2-sided P value = .027). The most common (>20%) adverse events reported for esketamine/antidepressant were nausea, dissociation, dizziness, vertigo, and headache.

Conclusions
Statistical significance was not achieved for the primary endpoint; nevertheless, the treatment effect (Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale) for both esketamine/antidepressant groups exceeded what has been considered clinically meaningful for approved antidepressants vs placebo. Safety was similar between esketamine/antidepressant groups and no new dose-related safety concerns were identified. This study provides supportive evidence for the safety and efficacy of esketamine nasal spray as a new, rapid-acting antidepressant for patients with treatment-resistant depression.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02417064
Beauveria bassiana (Ascomycota: Hypocreales)–treated Diamondback Moth (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) Larvae Mediate the Preference and Functional Response of Euborellia annulipes (Dermaptera: Anisolabididae) Nymphs
Authors: Nunes Gilmar da S , Truzi Caio C , do Nascimento Joacir , de Paula Flávia F , de Matos Sidnéia T S , Polanczyk Ricardo A , De Bortoli Sergio A 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBiological control is one of the strategies to reduce populations of diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), the major pest of brassica. Entomopathogen-based biopesticides are recommended and used for its control, reducing the constant use of chemical pesticides. Predators and/or fungal entomopathogens have an increasing interest to be used against diamondback moth, and the compatibility of these control agents in the field is important for pest management. Here we experimentally investigate the effects of diamondback moth larvae treated with a biopesticidal formulation of Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin in the feeding preference and functional response of the ring-legged earwig. We used untreated and B. bassiana-treated diamondback moth fourth instars (over a 24-h period of exposure) and Euborellia annulipes (Lucas) fifth instars. The nymphs were included in choice condition tests and different larval densities to the analysis of feeding preference and functional responses, respectively. Euborellia annulipes nymphs exhibited no feeding preference under choice conditions but presented different types of functional response: Type II on untreated and type III on fungus-treated diamondback moth larvae. The interaction between E. annulipes and B. bassiana observed in our study contributes to the understanding of the predator–prey–pathogen relationships with implications for P. xylostella integrated management strategies.
The effect of hyperfine splitting on Stark broadening for three blue-green Cu i lines in laser-induced plasma
Authors: Popov A M , Sushkov N I , Zaytsev S M , Labutin T A 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTStark effect is observed in many natural and artificial plasmas and is of great importance for diagnostic purposes. Since this effect alters profiles of spectral lines, it should be taken into account when assessing chemical composition of radiation sources, including stars. Copper is one of the elements which studies of stellar atmospheres deal with. To this end, UV and visible Cu lines are used. However, there is a lack of agreement between existing data on their Stark parameters. It is therefore of interest to obtain new experimental data on these lines and to compare them to previous results. In this work, we have estimated Stark widths and shifts for three blue-green lines at 5105.54, 5153.24, and 5218.20 Å (corresponding transitions are [3d104p] 2P° → [3d94s2] 2D and [3d104d] 2D → [3d104p] 2P°) observed in a ‘long-spark’ laser-induced plasma. For the first time, we have accurately estimated an impact of hyperfine splitting on the profile shapes of the studied lines taking also into account the isotope shifts. We have shown that both effects considerably influence shift and width of Cu i line at 5105.54 Å, and shifts of Cu i lines at 5153.24 and 5218.20 Å.
H i-MaNGA: H i follow-up for the MaNGA survey
Authors: Masters Karen L , Stark David V , Pace Zachary J , Phipps Frederika , Rujopakarn Wiphu , Samanso Nattida , Harrington Emily , Sánchez-Gallego José R , Avila-Reese Vladimir , Bershady Matthew , Cherinka Brian , Fielder Catherine E , Finnegan Daniel , Riffel Rogemar A , Rowlands Kate , Shamsi Shoaib , Newnham Lucy , Weijmans Anne-Marie , Witherspoon Catherine A 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
We present the H i-MaNGA programme of H i follow-up for the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory (MaNGA) survey. MaNGA, which is part of the Fourth phase of the Sloan Digital Sky Surveys, is in the process of obtaining integral field unit spectroscopy for a sample of ∼10 000 nearby galaxies. We give an overview of the H i 21cm radio follow-up observing plans and progress and present data for the first 331 galaxies observed in the 2016 observing season at the Robert C. Bryd Green Bank Telescope. We also provide a cross-match of the current MaNGA (DR15) sample with publicly available H i data from the Arecibo Legacy Fast Arecibo L-band Feed Array survey. The addition of H i data to the MaNGA data set will strengthen the survey’s ability to address several of its key science goals that relate to the gas content of galaxies, while also increasing the legacy of this survey for all extragalactic science.
Baryon-induced dark matter cores in the eagle simulations
Authors: Benítez-Llambay Alejandro , Frenk Carlos S , Ludlow Aaron D , Navarro Julio F 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
We examine the formation of dark matter (DM) cores in dwarf galaxies simulated with the eagle model of galaxy formation. As in earlier work, we find that the star formation (SF) gas density threshold (ρth) plays a critical role. At low thresholds (LT), gas is unable to reach densities high enough to dominate the gravitational potential before being dispersed by feedback from supernovae. LT runs show little effect on the inner DM profile, even in systems with extended and bursty SF, two ingredients often cited as critical for core formation. For higher thresholds, gas is able to dominate the gravitational potential before being ejected by feedback. This can lead to a substantial reduction in the inner DM content, but only if the gas is gravitationally important over an extended period of time, allowing the halo to contract before gas removal. Rapid assembly and removal of gas in short SF bursts is less effective at altering the inner DM content. Subsequent gas accretion may draw DM back in and reform a cusp, unless SF is bursty enough to prevent it, preserving the core. Thus, for the eagle SF + feedback model, there is no simple relation between core formation and SF history, contrary to recent claims. The dependence of the inner DM content of dwarfs on ρth hinders robust predictions and the interpretation of observations. A simulation of a $(12 \rm \ Mpc)^3$ volume with high ρth results in dwarfs with sizeable cores over a limited halo mass range, but with insufficient variety in mass profiles to explain the observed diversity of dwarf galaxy rotation curves.
Cosmic ray feedback in the FIRE simulations: constraining cosmic ray propagation with GeV γ-ray emission
Authors: Chan T K , Kereš D , Hopkins P F , Quataert E , Su K-Y , Hayward C C , Faucher-Giguère C-A 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
We present the implementation and the first results of cosmic ray (CR) feedback in the Feedback In Realistic Environments (FIRE) simulations. We investigate CR feedback in non-cosmological simulations of dwarf, sub-L⋆ starburst, and L⋆ galaxies with different propagation models, including advection, isotropic, and anisotropic diffusion, and streaming along field lines with different transport coefficients. We simulate CR diffusion and streaming simultaneously in galaxies with high resolution, using a two-moment method. We forward-model and compare to observations of γ-ray emission from nearby and starburst galaxies. We reproduce the γ-ray observations of dwarf and L⋆ galaxies with constant isotropic diffusion coefficient $\kappa \sim 3\times 10^{29}\, {\rm cm^{2}\, s^{-1}}$. Advection-only and streaming-only models produce order of magnitude too large γ-ray luminosities in dwarf and L⋆ galaxies. We show that in models that match the γ-ray observations, most CRs escape low-gas-density galaxies (e.g. dwarfs) before significant collisional losses, while starburst galaxies are CR proton calorimeters. While adiabatic losses can be significant, they occur only after CRs escape galaxies, so they are only of secondary importance for γ-ray emissivities. Models where CRs are ‘trapped’ in the star-forming disc have lower star formation efficiency, but these models are ruled out by γ-ray observations. For models with constant κ that match the γ-ray observations, CRs form extended haloes with scale heights of several kpc to several tens of kpc.
Current Low-Cost Video-Based Motion Analysis Options for Clinical Rehabilitation: A Systematic Review
Authors: Parks Melissa T , Wang Zhuo , Siu Ka-Chun 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Background
Physical therapists, as clinical human movement experts, must qualitatively evaluate patients’ functional and biomechanical impairments. There are now low-cost 2- and 3-dimensional video measurement systems that can be used to increase the precision and reliability of these qualitative clinical assessments.

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to systematically review current low-cost video-based methods for motion analysis compared with gold-standard 3-dimensional biomechanical methods.

Data Sources
Electronic searches were conducted until January 2018 within the following databases: MEDLINE via PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Cochrane, Scopus, and the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers.

Study Selection
Studies designed to evaluate criterion-referenced validity and/or reliability of video-based motion analysis technologies within the last 20 years were included. English-language articles dealing with human rehabilitation were considered.

Data Extraction
Data extraction was independently completed by 3 reviewers, and methodological quality was assessed using the 2018 Consensus-Based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments checklist. Articles were organized for analysis on the basis of type of motion analyzed and category of each low-cost technology used.

Data Synthesis
With 20 articles meeting selection criteria, 10 low-cost motion analysis platforms were presented, each examining different functional movement-dependent variables. Overall article quality was “low” or “very low” on the basis of Consensus-Based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments scoring. Correlations between low-cost and 3-dimensional gold standard systems ranged widely from “poor” agreement (r = 0.025) to “strong” agreement (r = 0.992). Spatiotemporal gait parameters consistently outperformed planar joint angle data. Reliability was better measured than concurrent validity. A summary table was developed to assist clinicians in choosing which motions could potentially be measured accurately by each low-cost platform on the basis of current findings.

Limitations
Databases available to researchers were more clinical/medical in nature, and this review was written from that clinically based perspective. Lack of standardized protocols and methodology within included studies was common, making generalizability difficult.

Conclusions
Research attempting to validate newer low-cost movement analysis systems is limited in quality. Measurement of only certain variables should be considered when these tools are used. Further research is warranted, because these devices still have potential clinical utility for supplementing qualitative movement assessment with objective outcome measures.
A hard-earned draw: phylogeny-based revision of the deep-sea shrimp Bentheogennema (Decapoda: Benthesicymidae) transfers two species to other genera and reveals two new species
Authors: Lunina Anastasia A , Kulagin Dmitry N , Vereshchaka Alexander L 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe phylogenetic study of the deep-sea genus Bentheogennema is based on four molecular markers and 79 morphological characters. All four previously recognized species and two new species of Bentheogennema, representatives of all other genera and species groups of Benthesicymidae, and three outgroups were included in the analyses. We have examined and coded six major groups of morphological characters related to the carapace (three characters), the pleon and the telson (14), the mouthparts (nine), the armature of the pereopods (five), the thelycum (27) and the petasma (21). Results of morphological and molecular analyses were similar. Two species were transferred from Bentheogennema to other genera (for one of them a new genus was erected) and two new species of Bentheogennema were described. Three pelagic genera (Gennadas, Bentheogennema and a new genus) created a robust clade. The divergence of this clade is linked to ‘smoothening’ of the body (reduction of the branchiostegal spine on the carapace, reduction and loss of the dorsolateral spines and the end-piece on the telson) and elaboration of the copulatory structures. We provide amended diagnoses of these three pelagic genera and key to species of Bentheogennema.
Serum Concentrations and Pharmacokinetics of Tranexamic Acid after Two Means of Topical Administration in Massive Weight Loss Skin-Reducing Surgery
Authors: Ausen Kjersti , Pleym Hilde , Liu Jiayin , Hegstad Solfrid , Nordgård Håvard Bersås , Pavlovic Ivan , Spigset Olav 
Published: July 2019

Background:
Topical administration of tranexamic acid to reduce bleeding is receiving increasing attention, as it is inexpensive, simple, and possibly beneficial in most surgery. Concerns regarding potential systemic adverse effects such as thromboembolic events and seizures may prevent general use of tranexamic acid. Although serum concentrations after topical application are assumed to be low, proper pharmacokinetic studies of tranexamic acid after topical application are lacking.

Methods:
The authors have investigated systemic absorption of tranexamic acid after two means of topical administration in patients undergoing abdominoplasty after massive weight loss: a bolus of 200 ml of 5 mg/ml into the wound cavity versus moistening the wound surface with 20 ml of 25 mg/ml. Twelve patients were recruited in each group. Serum concentrations achieved were compared with those after administration of 1 g as an intravenous bolus to arthroplasty patients. Serial blood samples for tranexamic acid analysis were obtained for up to 24 hours.

Results:
After intravenous administration, the peak serum concentration was 66.1 ± 13.0 µg/ml after 6 ± 2 minutes. Peak serum concentration after topical moistening was 5.2 ± 2.6 µg/ml after 80 ± 33 minutes, and in the topical bolus group, it was 4.9 ± 1.8 µg/ml after 359 ± 70 minutes. Topical moistening resulted in homogenous and predictable absorption across the individuals included, whereas topical bolus administration caused variable and unpredictable serum concentrations.

Conclusion:
Topical administration of tranexamic acid in patients undergoing abdominoplasty results in low serum concentrations, which are highly unlikely to cause systemic effects.