bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intravitreal Injections Among Medicare Part B Beneficiaries, 2012-2016
Authors: Andersen Dallin J. , Ludwig, BM Parker E. , Janot Adam C. 
Published: August 2019

Purpose: Intravitreal injection therapy (IVIT) has transformed the management of many chorioretinal diseases. Although these treatments are effective, they can also be expensive. Using the Medicare Provider and Utilization Data Report (MPUDR), we aim to quantify the costs of these drugs to Medicare and to project future cost trends. Methods: Data were harvested from the MPUDR for all ophthalmology providers who delivered intravitreal injections (IVT) (CPT code 67028) during the years 2012-2016. Linear regression utilizing the MPUDR data was used to analyze cost trends and to project Medicare costs out to year 2026. Results: From 2012 to 2016, the total number of IVTs increased from 2 286 593 to 2 936 274 ( R2 = 0.98; P = .001). The per-beneficiary Medicare cost rose significantly from $3,148 to $3,945 ( R2 = 0.92; P = .03). The total cost to Medicare for IVIT increased from $1.68 billion to $2.73 billion ( R2 = 0.99; P < .005). IVIT accounts for 37% of all ophthalmology Medicare reimbursements. At the current rate, IVIT costs will exceed $5 billion per year by 2026. Conclusions: The total number of injections and costs for IVIT rose significantly from 2012 to 2016. At the current rate, Medicare reimbursement for brand-name drugs will make up a large proportion of future costs.
Training program-induced skeletal muscle adaptations in two men with myotonic dystrophy type 1
Authors: Roussel Marie-Pier , Morin Marika , Girardin Mélina , Fortin Anne-Marie , Leone Mario , Mathieu Jean , Gagnon Cynthia , Duchesne Elise 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Objective
The purpose of this side product of another unpublished research project, was to address the effects of a training program on skeletal muscle adaptations of people with myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1), under a multifaceted perspective. The objective of this study was to look at training induced muscular adaptations by evaluating changes in muscle strength, myofiber cross-sectional area (CSA), proportion of myofiber types and with indirect markers of muscle growth [proportion of centrally nucleated fibers (CNF) and density of neutrophils and macrophages]. Two men with DM1 underwent a 12-week strength/endurance training program (18 sessions). Two muscle biopsies were obtained pre- and post-training program.

Results
Muscular adaptations occurred only in Patient 1, who attended 72% of the training sessions compared to 39% for Patient 2. These adaptations included increase in the CSA of type I and II myofibers and changes in their proportion. No changes were observed in the percentage of CNF, infiltration of neutrophils and macrophages and muscle strength. These results illustrate the capacity of skeletal muscle cells to undergo adaptations linked to muscle growth in DM1 patients. Also, these adaptations seem to be dependent on the attendance.
Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov NCT04001920 retrospectively registered on June 26th, 2019
An online alcohol and risky sex prevention program for college students studying abroad: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Pedersen Eric R. , D’Amico Elizabeth J. , LaBrie Joseph W. , Farris Coreen , Klein David J. , Griffin Beth Ann 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background
This study protocol describes a proposed randomized controlled trial that builds upon a successful pilot intervention study to address problematic and dangerous drinking among young adult college students studying abroad in foreign environments. Despite universities and colleges citing alcohol misuse as the most concerning issue for their students abroad, most institutions offer no empirically-based prevention efforts tailored to this at-risk population. The proposed intervention attempts to fill a major gap for the nearly 333,000 students completing study abroad programs each year by using empirically-based and theoretically-informed risk and protective factors to correct misperceived peer drinking norms and promote cultural engagement abroad. In addition to preventing heavy and problematic drinking, the intervention seeks to prevent risky sexual behaviors (e.g., sex without a condom) and experience of sexual violence victimization, which are strikingly common among study abroad students and have the potential for lasting physical and psychological effects upon return home.

Methods/design
We will conduct a randomized controlled trial of an intervention with a sample of 1200 college students studying abroad from approximately 50 US universities and colleges. The brief, online intervention is text and video based and contains evidence-based components of personalized normative feedback to correct students’ misperceived drinking norms, content to promote engagement with the cultural experience abroad and address difficulties adjusting to life in the foreign environment, and tips and strategies to prevent risky sexual behaviors and sexual violence victimization abroad. Participants will complete online surveys at five time points (predeparture, first month abroad, last month abroad, 1-month post-return, and 3-months post-return) to assess for intervention effects on drinking behavior, drinking consequences, risky sex, and sexual violence outcomes. We will examine whether the mechanisms targeted by the intervention (changes in perceived norms, engagement in the cultural experience abroad) serve as mediators of intervention efficacy.

Discussion
The proposed study has the potential to fill an important gap in the research literature and provide empirical support for an online accessible, brief, and targeted approach that can easily be distributed to study abroad students to help prevent heavy alcohol use and sexual risk abroad.
Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT03928067
A study of the improvement of foam material sealing technology for wetsuits
Authors: Oh Heekyoung , Oh Kyung Wha , Park Soonjee 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to propose the most suitable sewing method to produce wetsuits using neoprene fabric. To construct a sewing method sample using neoprene fabric, the samples were prepared using two thicknesses (1.5 t and 3 t) of neoprene fabric. Sewing techniques comprised 10 different methods. The respective seam strengths (KSK 0530) and water resistance (KSK ISO 811) of each sample were measured. The results from the tests conducted using 10 sewing methods revealed that the seam strength of 466.7 N was the highest in the prototype constructed using zigzag and flatlock stitches on 1.5 t. The other samples had seam strengths of approximately 400 N, except for that sewn with straight stitch (113.3 N). For 3 t, the sample sewn using zigzag and flatlock stitches with seam sealing (653.3 N) had the highest strength, and the remaining samples had seam strengths of approximately 630 N, except the sample sewn with straight stitch (164.6 N). Significant factors affecting the seam strength were fabric thickness and the sewing method. Meanwhile, glue and blind stitch with seam sealing had the highest value for water resistance: 414.4 mH2O for 1.5 t and 987.6 mH2O for 3 t. The lowest values were revealed in samples sewn with zigzag and flatlock stitch 14.4 mH2O for 1.5 t and overlock stitch 13.3 mH2O for 3 t. Significant factors affecting water resistance were whether seam sealing was attached and the sewing method used. The expected result of this study, which tests the properties of two neoprene fabric thicknesses with 10 sewing methods, is the suggestion of the most appropriate sewing method for use in the production of a wet suit.
Chromosomal Abnormalities and Prognosis in NPM1-Mutated Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Pooled Analysis of Individual Patient Data From Nine International Cohorts
Authors: Angenendt Linus , Röllig Christoph , Montesinos Pau , Martínez-Cuadrón David , Barragan Eva , García Raimundo , Botella Carmen , Martínez Pilar , Ravandi Farhad , Kadia Tapan , Kantarjian Hagop M. , Cortes Jorge , Juliusson Gunnar , Lazarevic Vladimir , Höglund Martin , Lehmann Sören , Recher Christian , Pigneux Arnaud , Bertoli Sarah , Dumas Pierre-Yves , Dombret Hervé , Preudhomme Claude , Micol Jean-Baptiste , Terré Christine , Ráčil Zdeněk , Novák Jan , Žák Pavel , Wei Andrew H. , Tiong Ing S. , Wall Meaghan , Estey Elihu , Shaw Carole , Exeler Rita , Wagenführ Lisa , Stölzel Friedrich , Thiede Christian , Stelljes Matthias , Lenz Georg , Mikesch Jan-Henrik , Serve Hubert , Ehninger Gerhard , Berdel Wolfgang E. , Kramer Michael , Krug Utz , Schliemann Christoph 
Published: August 2019

PURPOSE Nucleophosmin 1 ( NPM1) mutations are associated with a favorable prognosis in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) when an internal tandem duplication (ITD) in the fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 gene ( FLT3) is absent ( FLT3-ITDneg) or present with a low allelic ratio ( FLT3-ITDlow). The 2017 European LeukemiaNet guidelines assume this is true regardless of accompanying cytogenetic abnormalities. We investigated the validity of this assumption. METHODS We analyzed associations between karyotype and outcome in intensively treated patients with NPM1mut/ FLT3-ITDneg/low AML who were prospectively enrolled in registry databases from nine international study groups or treatment centers. RESULTS Among 2,426 patients with NPM1mut/ FLT3-ITDneg/low AML, 2,000 (82.4%) had a normal and 426 (17.6%) had an abnormal karyotype, including 329 patients (13.6%) with intermediate and 83 patients (3.4%) with adverse-risk chromosomal abnormalities. In patients with NPM1mut/ FLT3-ITDneg/low AML, adverse cytogenetics were associated with lower complete remission rates (87.7%, 86.0%, and 66.3% for normal, aberrant intermediate, and adverse karyotype, respectively; P < .001), inferior 5-year overall (52.4%, 44.8%, 19.5%, respectively; P < .001) and event-free survival (40.6%, 36.0%, 18.1%, respectively; P < .001), and a higher 5-year cumulative incidence of relapse (43.6%, 44.2%, 51.9%, respectively; P = .0012). These associations remained in multivariable mixed-effects regression analyses adjusted for known clinicopathologic risk factors ( P < .001 for all end points). In patients with adverse-risk chromosomal aberrations, we found no significant influence of the NPM1 mutational status on outcome. CONCLUSION Karyotype abnormalities are significantly associated with outcome in NPM1mut/ FLT3-ITDneg/low AML. When adverse-risk cytogenetics are present, patients with NPM1mut share the same unfavorable prognosis as patients with NPM1 wild type and should be classified and treated accordingly. Thus, cytogenetic risk predominates over molecular risk in NPM1mut/ FLT3-ITDneg/low AML.
Preliminary assessment of the utilization of durian peel liquid smoke as a natural preservative for mackerel
Authors: Faisal Muhammad , Gani Asri , Mulana Farid 
Published: August 2019

Background: Durian peel is a type of biomass waste that contains cellulose, hemicelluloses, and lignin. The pyrolysis of these compounds results in production of liquid smoke which can be used as a natural preservative to replace current synthetic preservatives. This research assessed the ability of liquid smoke produced during pyrolysis of durian peel to preserve fish. Methods: Dry durian peel waste underwent batch reactor pyrolysis at 340°C and 380°C, resulting in production of liquid smoke (grade 3), charcoal, and tar. This liquid smoke was then distilled at 190°C to produce grade 1 liquid smoke, which was used to preserve mackerel. The preservation process was conducted by soaking the mackerel samples in liquid smoke at 0.5, 1, 2, and 3% concentration levels followed by observations every 6 hours. Tests to determine the total volatile base nitrogen (TVB-N) content, antibacterial quality of the liquid smoke and organoleptic quality of the fish were conducted in order to assess the preservation properties of the liquid smoke. Results: Tests on the antibacterial effects showed that the liquid smoke inhibited the growth of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus on fish even at low concentrations. At 54 hours, the TVB-N values remained below 30 mg nitrogen/g, indicating that the fish was still safe for human consumption. Results from the organoleptic tests showed that the concentration of liquid smoke influenced the preservation effects. Conclusions: At a concentration of 2–3%, the fish samples possessed acceptable flavor, taste, color and texture for up to 48 hours of soaking. However, the best conditions were obtained with a 3% concentration of liquid smoke (produced with 340°C pyrolysis), as the fish was still considered acceptable for up to 42 hours.
Schizophrenia liability shares common molecular genetic risk factors with sleep duration and nightmares in childhood
Authors: Reed Zoe E. , Jones Hannah J. , Hemani Gibran , Zammit Stanley , Davis Oliver S. P. 
Published: August 2019

Background: Sleep abnormalities are common in schizophrenia, often appearing before psychosis onset; however, the mechanisms behind this are uncertain. We investigated whether genetic risk for schizophrenia is associated with sleep phenotypes. Methods: We used data from 6,058 children and 2,302 mothers from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). We examined associations between a polygenic risk score for schizophrenia and sleep duration in both children and mothers, and nightmares in children, along with genetic covariances between these traits. Results: Polygenic risk for schizophrenia was associated with increased risk of nightmares (OR=1.07, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.14, p=0.02) in children, and also with less sleep (β=-44.52, 95% CI: −88.98, −0.07; p=0.05). We observed a similar relationship with sleep duration in mothers, although evidence was much weaker (p=0.38). Finally, we found evidence of genetic covariance between schizophrenia risk and reduced sleep duration in children and mothers, and between schizophrenia risk and nightmares in children. Conclusions: These molecular genetic results support recent findings from twin analysis that show genetic overlap between sleep disturbances and psychotic-like experiences. They also show, to our knowledge for the first time, a genetic correlation between schizophrenia liability and risk of nightmares in childhood.
Polygenic risk score for Alzheimer’s disease and trajectories of cardiometabolic risk factors in children
Authors: Korologou-Linden Roxanna , O'Keeffe Linda , Howe Laura D. , Davey-Smith George , Jones Hannah J. , Anderson Emma L. , Stergiakouli Evie 
Published: August 2019

Introduction: Cardiometabolic factors are implicated in the aetiology of Alzheimer’s disease and may lie on the pathways linking genetic variants to Alzheimer’s disease across the life course. We examined whether polygenic risk scores (PRS) were associated with cardiometabolic health indicators through childhood and adolescence. Methods: In 7,977 participants from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, we tested whether a PRS for Alzheimer’s disease was associated with trajectories of cardiometabolic risk factors. We examined trajectories for height at 1-18 years; lean and fat mass at 9-18 years; systolic and diastolic blood pressure at 7-18 years; glucose and C-reactive protein at 9-18 years; insulin at 10-18 years; and high and low-density lipoproteins and triglycerides birth at 18 years. We also examined birthweight and interleukin-6 (IL-6) at age 9 years and physical activity at ages 11, 12, and 15 years. Results: No consistent associations were observed between the PRS excluding genetic variants in the apolipoprotein E gene region and cardiometabolic factors trajectories across childhood and adolescence. Conclusions: We did not detect evidence to suggest that the PRS for Alzheimer’s disease acts through childhood and adolescent cardiometabolic risk factors. Further studies should examine whether these associations emerge later in adulthood when variation in cardiometabolic risk factors is likely to be greater.
Standing and walking age in children with idiopathic clubfoot: French physiotherapy versus Ponseti method
Authors: Zanardi A. , Fortini V. , Abati C. N. , Bettuzzi C. , Salvatori G. , Prato E. , Di Giacinto S. , Lampasi M. 
Published: August 2019

Purpose A mild delay in gross motor milestones and walking age has been reported in infants with clubfoot. The influence of different treatments on motor development has been poorly investigated. Some parents and physical therapists express concern that the Ponseti method (PM) and its constraints (abduction brace, casts) would affect development more than the French physical therapy method (FM) due to greater immobilization and lesser stimulation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate achievement of three motor milestones (pull-to-standing, cruising and independent walking) in two groups of clubfoot patients treated at two experienced institutes respectively with the PM and FM. Methods In all, 52 consecutive infants (full-term at birth, mean age at beginning of treatment 24.3 days (sd 10), mean Dimeglio score 12 (sd 3.4)) were prospectively enrolled (26 patients per centre) and followed up to walking age recording milestones. Results The two groups were not different in terms of age at the beginning of treatment (p = 0.067) and rate of tenotomy. Age at tenotomy was significantly lower in the PM group (p = 0.000). Severity (p = 0.004) and number of bilateral cases (p = 0.012) were higher in the PM group. A non-significant difference was found for age of achievement of pull-to-standing (p = 0.109), cruising (p = 0.253) and independent ambulation (p = 0.349) between the two groups. Overall, milestones were achieved approximately two months later than normal population. Sex, severity, laterality and need of tenotomy were not found to significantly influence milestones. Conclusion Our results confirmed that infants with clubfoot are expected to have a minimum delay in motor development. Infants treated with the PM and those treated with the FM did not show significant differences in gross motor milestones achievement at walking age. Level of Evidence Level II – Prospective comparative therapeutic studies
Building trust and sharing power for co-creation in Aboriginal health research: a stakeholder interview study
Authors: Sherriff Simone Louise , Miller Hilary , Tong Allison , Williamson Anna , Muthayya Sumithra , Redman Sally , Bailey Sandra , Eades Sandra , Haynes Abby 
Published: August 2019

Background
Historically, Aboriginal health research in Australia has been non-participatory, misrepresentative, and has produced few measurable improvements to community health. The Study of Environment on Aboriginal Resilience and Child Health (SEARCH) was established to co-create and co-translate research. Over the past decade, SEARCH has built a sustainable partnership across policy, research, clinical and Aboriginal community sectors which has resulted in improvements in Aboriginal health through enhanced services, policies and programmes.

Aims and objectives
This study describes the critical success factors behind SEARCH, focusing on how SEARCH was established, and continues to build trusting co-creative relationships. It also explores some continuing challenges and considers how the partnership might be strengthened.
Methods
Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 26 stakeholders, purposively selected to obtain maximum diversity of roles and perspectives. Interview questions explored concepts that informed the development of SEARCH such as trust, transparency, leadership, governance, reciprocity and empowerment. Data was analysed thematically and written up using the qualitative description approach.

Findings and discussion
Nine critical success factors were identified: shared power; strong credible leadership; shared vision, shared goals; willingness to take risks; connecting across cultures; empowering the community; valuing local Aboriginal knowledge; ongoing investment and collaboration; and adaptability. While each of these factors has areas for ongoing improvement, this case example demonstrates that co-creation and co-translation of research in Aboriginal health is achievable and, indeed, necessary to improve health outcomes.
Relationship between accounting information systems implementation and corporate governance of rural banks in Indonesia
Authors: Rachmawati Rima 
Published: August 2019

The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between accounting information systems implementation and the governance of rural banks (bank perkreditan rakyat/BPR). Specifically, this study examines the effect of bookkeeping systems, financial reporting, budgeting systems, and IFRS for SMEs implementation on good corporate governance of rural banks. PLS-SEM wasemployed for data analysis to 145 rural banks registered in Regional Owned Bank Association of Central Java Indonesia. The results of data analysis found that bookkeeping systems, financial reporting and budgeting systems implemetation positively affectgood corporate governance of rural banks, while IFRS for SMEs implementation was not significantly affectgood corporate governance of rural banks.
Novel heterozygous NFKB1 mutation—variable penetrance in a family cohort
Authors: Mandola Amarilla B. , Merico Daniele , Sharfe Nigel 
Published: August 2019

Background: Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is a term used to define a heterogeneous group of patients who commonly have hypogammaglobulinemia and variable degrees of modest T cell dysfunction. Recent advances made in next generation sequencing technologies have accelerated the identification of CVID disease-causing genes, including NFKB1, a component of the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) pathway. Objective: We sought to identify the genetic defect in a 3-generation family of patients with CVID who presented with cytopenias, eczema, and recurrent sinopulmonary infections. Methods: Whole exome sequencing and Sanger confirmation was performed, and a combination of molecular and cellular techniques used to assess the variant impact on B and T cell function. Results: A novel heterozygous frameshift mutation in NFKB1, encoding the transcriptional regulator protein p50/p105, was identified. This resulted in c.1584dupG (p.M528fs). We demonstrate that c.1584dupG is a loss-of-function variant, responsible for reduced p105/p50 protein expression in affected individuals as well as variable increased CD21low B cell numbers. Conclusion: This novel mutation affecting NFKB1 causes a CVID phenotype with variable clinical manifestations. Given the wide spectrum of age in this kindred, this may reflect diversity of phenotype expression, or more probably, age-related expression of typical features. Statement of novelty: We report here a novel loss-of-function frameshift mutation in NFKB1.
Clinical application of presepsin as diagnostic biomarker of infection: overview and updates
Authors: Galliera Emanuela , Massaccesi Luca , de Vecchi Elena , Banfi Giuseppe , Romanelli Massimiliano M. Corsi 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The appropriate identification of bacterial infection is the basis for effective treatment and control of infective disease. Among this context, an emerging biomarker of infection is presepsin (PSP), recently described as early marker of different infections. PSP secretion has been shown to be associated with monocyte phagocytosis and plasmatic levels of PSP increase in response to bacterial infection and decrease after antibiotic treatment, therefore it can be considered a marker of activation of immune cell response towards an invading pathogen. Different methods have been developed to measure PSP and this review will briefly describe the different clinical fields of application of PSP, ranging from intensive care to neonatal infection, to orthopedic and pulmonary infection as well as fungal infections and cardiovascular infections.