bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular Profiling Reclassifies Adult Astroblastoma into Known and Clinically Distinct Tumor Entities with Frequent Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Pathway Alterations
Authors: Boisseau William , Euskirchen Philipp , Mokhtari Karima , Dehais Caroline , Touat Mehdi , Hoang-Xuan Khê , Sanson Marc , Capelle Laurent , Nouet Aurélien , Karachi Carine , Bielle Franck , Guégan Justine , Marie Yannick , Martin-Duverneuil Nadine , Taillandier Luc , Rousseau Audrey , Delattre Jean-Yves , Idbaih Ahmed 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundAstroblastoma (ABM) is a rare glial brain tumor. Recurrent meningioma 1 (MN1) alterations have been recently identified in most pediatric cases. Adolescent and adult cases, however, remain molecularly poorly defined.Materials and MethodsWe performed clinical and molecular characterization of a retrospective cohort of 14 adult and 1 adolescent ABM.ResultsStrikingly, we found that MN1 fusions are a rare event in this age group (1/15). Using methylation profiling and targeted sequencing, most cases were reclassified as either pleomorphic xanthoastrocytomas (PXA)-like or high-grade glioma (HGG)-like. PXA-like ABM show BRAF mutation (6/7 with V600E mutation and 1/7 with G466E mutation) and CD34 expression. Conversely, HGG-like ABM harbored specific alterations of diffuse midline glioma (2/5) or glioblastoma (GBM; 3/5). These latter patients showed an unfavorable clinical course with significantly shorter overall survival (p = .021). Mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway alterations (including FGFR fusion, BRAF and NF1 mutations) were present in 10 of 15 patients and overrepresented in the HGG-like group (3/5) compared with previously reported prevalence of these alterations in GBM and diffuse midline glioma.ConclusionWe suggest that gliomas with astroblastic features include a variety of molecularly sharply defined entities. Adult ABM harboring molecular features of PXA and HGG should be reclassified. Central nervous system high-grade neuroepithelial tumors with MN1 alterations and histology of ABM appear to be uncommon in adults. Astroblastic morphology in adults should thus prompt thorough molecular investigation aiming at a clear histomolecular diagnosis and identifying actionable drug targets, especially in the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway.Implications for PracticeAstroblastoma (ABM) remains a poorly defined and controversial entity. Although meningioma 1 alterations seem to define a large subset of pediatric cases, adult cases remain molecularly poorly defined. This comprehensive molecular characterization of 1 adolescent and 14 adult ABM revealed that adult ABM histology comprises several molecularly defined entities, which explains clinical diversity and identifies actionable targets. Namely, pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma-like ABM cases show a favorable prognosis whereas high-grade glioma (glioblastoma and diffuse midline gliome)-like ABM show significantly worse clinical courses. These results call for in-depth molecular analysis of adult gliomas with astroblastic features for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes.
Pathological Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy and the Molecular Classification of Locally Advanced Breast Cancer in a Latin American Cohort
Authors: Díaz-Casas Sandra Esperanza , Castilla-Tarra Jorge Alberto , Pena-Torres Esperanza , Orozco-Ospino Martha , Mendoza-Diaz Sara , Nuñez-Lemus Marcela , Garcia-Angulo Oscar , Garcia-Mora Mauricio , Guzman-AbiSaab Luis , Lehmann-Mosquera Carlos , Angel-Aristizabal Javier , Duarte-Torres Carlos , Vergel-Martinez Juan Carlos 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Background
The majority of patients with breast cancer in Colombia are admitted into oncological centers at locally advanced stages of the disease (53.9%). The aim of this study was to describe the pathological response obtained with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) according to the molecular classification of breast cancer in patients with locally advanced tumors treated within the National Cancer Institute (NCI) Functional Breast Cancer Unit (FBCU) in Bogotá, Colombia.

Materials and Methods
This was an observational, descriptive, historical cohort study of patients with locally advanced breast cancer treated within the NCI FBCU.

Results
We included 414 patients who received NACT and surgical management. Most patients had luminal B HER2-negative tumors (n = 134, 32.4%). The overall rate of pathological complete response (pCR) ypT0/ypN0 was 15.2% (n = 63). Tumors that presented the highest rate of pCR were pure HER2, at 40.5% (n = 15; odds ratio [OR], 6.7); however, with a follow-up of 60 months, only the triple negative tumors presented a statistically significant difference for event-free survival (EFS; median recurrence time, 18 months; range, 1–46) and overall survival (OS; median follow-up, 31 months; range 10–57). The molecular subtype that most recurrences presented was luminal B HER2 negative, at 38.3% (n = 28). The majority of recurrences (93.2 %; n = 68; OR, 5.9) occurred in patients in whom no pathological response was obtained (Chevallier 3 and 4).

Conclusion
Pathological response in locally advanced tumors is related to the molecular subtype of breast cancer, finding higher pCR rates in pure HER2 and triple-negative tumors. A direct relationship was found between disease recurrences and the pathological response, evidencing greater tumor recurrence in patients who did not respond to NACT (Chevallier 3 and 4). EFS and OS were greater in patients with pCR, with statistical significance only in triple-negative tumors.

Implications for Practice
This research article is of scientific interest, because it describes the clinical and pathological features and analyzes the correlation between pathological response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and the molecular classification of locally advanced breast cancer in patients treated in the National Cancer Institute in Bogotá, Colombia. It was found that pathological response is related to the molecular subtype of breast cancer. In addition, there is a direct relationship between disease recurrences and pathological response. The survival results were greater in patients with pathological complete response.
Aproximación al faro como referente cultural
Authors: Mier Valerón Laura 
Published: July 2019

La intención de este artículo es la de realizar un breve recorrido de carácter universal por la trayectoria del faro como referente cultural, trascendiendo la mera dimensión física de esta estructura arquitectónica así como su funcionalidad a modo de herramienta empleada en el campo de la señalización y de la navegación marítimas. En este sentido, se insistirá en la importancia de este elemento como hito patrimonial de referencia así como recurso dinamizador, característico e identitario del paisaje costero en el que se ubica. Asimismo, se le prestará especial atención al impacto cultural que el faro ha ejercido en ciertos ámbitos como el de la creación artística.
Los influjos estilísticos europeos en las producciones de cerámica asturiana de la Edad Moderna
Authors: Busto Zapico Miguel 
Published: July 2019

A través del estudio de 3.237 piezas cerámicas de cronologías que van desde el siglo XIII al XVIII queremos conocer cuáles eran los influjos estilísticos europeos en las producciones de cerámica asturiana. A comienzos de la Edad Moderna los mercados asturianos comienzan a estar inundados por cerámicas de importación, principalmente procedentes de Holanda, Talavera de la Reina, Portugal, Sevilla, País Vasco e Inglaterra. La llegada de estas producciones influirá en las decoraciones desarrolladas en los alfares asturianos de Faro de Limanes y Miranda de Avilés. En esta investigación veremos como en piezas asturianas aparecen motivos creados en Talavera de la Reina, Portugal, Italia, Francia e incluso Holanda. Estas influencias señalan la capacidad de la artesanía del barro asturiana de asimilar novedades, de adaptarse a las nuevas modas decorativas europeas y a las demandas de la sociedad.The European stylistic influences in the Asturian ceramic productions of the Early Modern Period.Through the study of 3,237 ceramic pieces of chronologies that go from the XIII to the XVIII century, we want to know what the European stylistic influences in the production of Asturian ceramics were. At the beginning of the Early Modern Period the Asturian markets began to be flooded by imported ceramics mainly from the Netherlands, Talavera de la Reina, Portugal, Seville, the Basque Country and England. The arrival of these productions will influence the decorations developed in the Asturian potteries of Faro de Limanes and Miranda de Avilés. In this investigation we will see how in Asturian pieces, there are motifs created in Talavera de la Reina, Portugal, Italy, France and even Holland. These influences point to the ability of the Asturian mud crafts to assimilate novelties, the means of adaptation to the new European decorative forms and the demands of society.
Fault Plane Solutions and the State of Stress in New England
Authors: Graham Timothy , Chiburis Edward F. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
An analysis of eighteen New England fault plane solutions indicates that the area can be largely characterized by reverse faulting on north to northeasterly striking fault planes. This implies that New England is predominantly influenced by an east-west to southeast-northwest compressional stress field. This generalization may not apply in certain areas of southern New England.
The North Gower, Ontario, Earthquake of 11 October 1983: Focal Mechanism and Aftershocks
Authors: Wahlstreöm Rutger 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
An earthquake near Ottawa (45.20°N, 75.75°W, focal depth 12 km) of unusually large size for the region's seisrhicity (mb(Lg) = 4.1) provided good P-wave first-motion data for a focal-mechanism solution. The maximum intensity was V(MM) and the area of perceptibility in Canada about 80,000 km2. The first and largest recorded aftershock occurred nine minutes after the main shock with magnitude mb(Lg) = 1.7. Two further small aftershocks ware recorded by a field network. The mechanism is thrust faulting with a predominantly horizontal pressure axis trending 154°. Thrust mechanisms have been found for other earthquakes in southeastern Canada and the northeastern U.S., but orientations of their stress axes are different, and so the North Gower earthquake may reflect a local and not a regional stress field. The nodal planes have strike 71°, dip 75°, and strike 221°, dip 17°. The spatial distribution of aftershocks suggests the gently-dipping nodal plane could be the fault plane. There is uncertainty about the seismotectonics of the region, and the orientation of neither nodal plane correlates with known geological features. More earthquake fault-plane solutions are required to interpret the seismotectonics and the stress regime.
Free-Field Particle Velocity Recordings of the January 31, 1986 Northeastern Ohio Earthquake
Authors: Street R. , Zekulin A. , Mann M. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The January 31, 1986 earthquake in northeastern Ohio triggered eight biast monitors in the coal fields of southeastern Ohio and one in western Pennsylvania at epicentral distances of 128 to 297 kilometers from the earthquake. Recordings of the free-field ground motions exhibit predominant frequencies of 1 to 10 Hz, and are consistent with the ground motion model proposed by Nuttli and Herrmann (1984) for the propagation of Lg waves.
The Lake Keowee, South Carolina Earthquakes of February through July 1986
Authors: Acree Steven D. , Acree Jill R. , Talwani Pradeep 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
In the early morning of 13 February 1986, an earthquake with a duration magnitude (MD) of 3.2 rumbled through northwestern South Carolina. The event was centered near Lake Keowee in Oconee County in a region of prior low level seismicity. Approximately eighty aftershocks with magnitudes ranging from −1.0 to 2.0 were recorded during the next six days. The locations of five aftershocks were accurately determined, utilizing data from portable seismographs deployed in the epicentral area. Depths of the two earthquakes with a location quality of B or better were between 3 and 4 km. First motion focal mechanism solutions for the mainshock suggest oblique slip along a plane striking northeast or northwest. The P axis was oriented northeast-southwest in support of the directions obtained from mechanisms of other local earthquakes and from direct measurements of the maximum horizontal stress in the regions.
A second mainshock (MD = 2.8) occurred in the vicinity of Lake Keowee on 11 June 1986 and was followed by over sixty earthquakes during the next five weeks. Focal mechanism solutions from first motion data obtained for the mainshock resemble those of the 13 February event and suggest oblique slip along a northeast or northwest striking plane. Depths of the best located aftershocks were approximately 1 km.
Two tests were applied to the data to assess the reliability of the depth estimates. These involve the determination that the plot of RMS travel time residual versus fixed solution depth exhibits a single, sharp RMS minimum at the depth obtained from a free solution (depth uniqueness) and that the final free solution depth is not dependent upon the choice of starting depth (depth stability). Free solution depths obtained for the majority of the better located aftershocks were found to be unique and stable at depths between 1 and 4 km.
A northeast trending anomaly is prominent in the geophysical data for this area. This anomaly is interpreted to result from an abrupt, lateral change in lithology along a shallow, northeast striking plane. The earthquakes do not appear to be associated with this feature. Instead, these earthquakes appear to be associated with a shallow body and may represent slip along northeast or northwest striking joints. The proximity of these earthquakes to Lake Keowee suggests the possibility of reservoir triggering. No correlation between seismicity and reservoir level is evident prior to the February events. Rapid fluctuations in water level did precede the events in June and July, providing possible triggering mechanisms.
Structure of the Blytheville Arch in the New Madrid Seismic Zone
Authors: Hamilton R.M. , McKeown F.A. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Seismic-reflection profiles across part of the New Madrid seismic zone in northeastern Arkansas and southeastern Missouri show a faulted and structurally complex zone, originally known as Charlie’s ridge but herein renamed Blytheville arch, which is about 10 to 15 km wide and about 110 km long. Several exploratory drill holes in the arch penetrate Upper and possibly Middle Cambrian formations directly below Cretaceous rocks, whereas drill holes off the arch penetrate the Cambrian and Ordovician Knox and Arbuckle Groups equivalents and possibly younger Paleozoic rocks below the Cretaceous; therefore, the pre-Cretaceous rocks in the arch are structurally high. Most earthquakes in the northeast-trending segment of the New Madrid seismic zone along the axis of the Reelfoot rift occur along the arch. Focal mechanisms of earthquakes in the trend show right-lateral, strike-slip movement. Epicenters in the northeastern part of the seismic trend between Caruthersville, MO, and Blytheville, AR, are spatially less dispersed than those to the southwest between Blytheville and Marked Tree, AR. Most of the hypocenters to the northeast cluster between 6 to 12 km deep, whereas those to the southwest range from near the surface to about 15 km deep. Earthquakes in the northeast part of the seismic trend are concentrated along a fault zone under the arch, whereas those to the southwest are more dispersed under the arch. A seismic trend that extends south-southwest from near Charleston, MO, projects to the northwest side of the ridge near Blytheville, where the seismicity changes character and the southeast boundary of the arch trends more easterly. The relationship between the structural boundaries of the arch and the seismicity may establish the extent of part of New Madrid seismicity and improve the basis for seismic hazard assessment.
The June 1987 Southeastern Illinois Earthquake: Possible Tectonism Associated with the La Salle Anticlinal Belt
Authors: Hamburger Michael W. , Rupp John. A. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The June 10, 1987 southeastern Illinois earthquake (mb =5.0) is the largest event to have taken place in the northern midcontinent for 19 years, and is one of only seven events of comparable size to have occurred in this area in the 200-year historical record. The earthquake occurred near a transition zone between the northeast-trending Wabash Valley Fault System and the northwest-trending La Salle flexural belt. The main shock epicenter is positioned 30 km north of the northernmost mapped Wabash Valley faults, and detailed structural mapping in this area documents a systematic decrease in displacement along these faults approaching this termination. Immediately to the northeast of the main shock begins a major northwest-trending late Paleozoic fold structure: the La Salle Anticlinal Belt. This structural feature, marking a major flanking monocline of the Illinois Basin, displays over 750 meters of relief disrupting the lower Paleozoic strata, as well as the Precambrian basement surface. While there is little indication of faulting of the uppermost Paleozoic strata, the sharpness of the relief on the basement and limited seismic reflection data suggest that high-angle basement faulting, down-dropped toward the basin, has occurred beneath the Paleozoic cover. The transition between these two structural regimes may be accompanied by a sharp change in the regional contemporary stress orientation, from east-west compression in northern and central Indiana to north-northeast-trending compression in the Wabash and Ohio River valleys. The earthquake focal mechanism, like that of two other events in the area, indicates a nearly east-west P-axis, paralleling the trend of other contemporary stress indicators. Well constrained depths of aftershocks suggest that the main shock occurred at a depth of 7–11 km, which would place it within the mid-crust, 4–6 km below the top of the Precambrian basement. We propose that the southeastern Illinois event is associated with basement deformation within a complex structural transition zone connecting the two tectonic regimes, rather than the result of reactivation of a simple graben-like extension of the New Madrid Seismic Zone.
Near-Regional Waveforms: Selected Observations from Two Eastern North American Earthquake Sequences
Authors: Barstow Noël , Carter Jerry A. , Pomeroy Paul W. , Sutton George H. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The 19 October, 1985 Ardsley, New York magnitude 4.0 mainshock can be characterized as the superposition of three sub-events. Aftershocks of the 31 March, 1982 Miramichi, New Brunswick magnitude 5.0 earthquake occur at nearly the same depth as the mainshock, approximately 3 km, and at least one aftershock is resolvably deeper by several kilometers. These results are interpreted from observations of digital recordings of near-regional seismograms.
Recent Shallow Swarms of Seismicity in Southeastern New York, Northern New Jersey and Central Connecticut
Authors: Quittmeyer R.C. , Mrotek K.A. , Agnew J.D. , Naumoff P.G. , Statton C.T. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Shallow swarms of earthquakes comprise one type of seismicity occurring in the northeastern United States. These events occur in basement rocks that lie near the earth’s surface, have focal depths less than 3 km, exhibit maximum magnitudes of about 2 to 4-1/4, and consist of tens to hundreds of events. The swarms also tend to recur in the vicinity of previous swarms. Three recent swarms were recorded by local monitoring networks, supplemented in some cases by portable instrumentation. Detailed analyses of these three swarms, located at Annsville, NY, Tranquility, NJ, and Moodus, CT, show that their source volumes are characterized by a radius less than 1/2 km. The orientation and style of faulting exhibited are consistent with those observed for deeper events nearby. For Annsville and Moodus, where stress was measured in deep boreholes located 20 km and less than 1 km from the swarm epicenters, respectively, the orientation and style of faulting agree with those expected.
Australian Seismicity - The Puzzle of the not so Stable Continent
Authors: Denham David 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Data obtained in the last 20 years show that tectonic models requiring the Australian continent to be stable and aseismic have to be modified. It is now apparent that the continent experiences significant levels of seismicity; large (M∼7) earthquakes occur from time to time; and the spatial and temporal distributions of earthquakes do not exhibit well defined patterns. We now know that these earthquakes are caused by compressive stresses in the crust, and that since 1967 five earthquakes have been associated with surface faulting. There are also indications of Recent prehistoric fault scarps in several localities. Evidence from focal mechanisms, borehole deformations in deep (>1 km) drill holes, and in-situ stress measurements indicates that compressive stresses in the crust exist continent-wide. In some regions the levels of stress are very high; in Western Australia, values >20 MPa have been observed at depths ∼10 m. The orientation of the axis of maximum compression varies considerably across the continent, but within specific regions the directions appear consistent. Thus, in the southeastern part of the continent the direction is northwest-southeast, whereas in the southwest it is almost due east-west. We can speculate that most earthquakes take place in the weaker upper-crust, but a model has not yet been developed which will assist in forecasting when and where the next large earthquake will occur.
Precambrian Basement and Phanerozoic Tectonism in the New Madrid, Missouri, Region
Authors: Buschbach T. C. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Depiction of the configuration of the top of Precambrian rocks in the New Madrid region has long been tentative because of the relatively small number of datum points available and the difficulties in projecting known structural trends downward through the complex faulting that exists at the base of the Phanerozoic sedimentary section. Geological, geophysical, and seismological studies during the past 15 years have contributed new data that suggest considerable geodynamic activity and the presence of an ancient rift complex in this area.
A map showing the postulated configuration of the top of Precambrian crystalline rocks constructed on the basis of a new understanding of tectonic movements since the close of Precambrian time differs markedly from those prepared previously. The Rough Creek Graben and Reelfoot Rift are fault-bounded, linear depressions with several thousands of feet of vertical offset. These down-dropped blocks, in addition to being filled with thick layers of Cambrian sediments, also served as depocenters during later periods of Phanerozoic deposition. A marked, northwest-trending uplift, the Pascola Arch, is shown as a 10,000-foot uplift intersecting the Reelfoot Rift. The Pascola Arch was a later Paleozoic to middle Mesozoic feature that effectively formed the southern boundary of the Illinois Basin.