bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Projecting Changes in Expected Annual Damages From Riverine Flooding in the United States
Authors: Wobus C. , Zheng P. , Stein J. , Lay C. , Mahoney H. , Lorie M. , Mills D. , Spies R. , Szafranski B. , Martinich J. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractInland flood risk in the United States is most often conveyed through maps of 1% annual exceedance probability (AEP) or “100‐year” floodplains. However, monetary damages from flooding arise from a full distribution of events, including floods both larger and smaller than the 1% AEP event. Furthermore, floodplains are not static, since both the frequency and magnitude of flooding are likely to change in a warming climate. We explored the implications of a changing frequency and magnitude of flooding across a wide spectrum of flood events, using a sample of 376 watersheds in the United States where floodplains from multiple recurrence intervals have been mapped. Using an inventory of assets within these mapped floodplains, we first calculated expected annual damages (EADs) from flooding in each watershed under baseline climate conditions. We find that the EAD is typically a factor of 5–7 higher than the expected damages from 100‐year events alone and that much of these damages are attributable to floods smaller than the 1% AEP event. The EAD from flooding typically increases by 25–50% under a 1 °C warming scenario and in most regions more than double under a 3 °C warming scenario. Further increases in EAD are not as pronounced beyond 3 °C warming, suggesting that most of the projected increases in flood damages will have already occurred, for most regions of the country, by that time. Adaptations that protect against today's 100‐year flood will have increasing benefits in a warmer climate by also protecting against more frequent, smaller events.
Aeolian Dispersal of Bacteria Associated With Desert Dust and Anthropogenic Particles Over Continental and Oceanic Surfaces
Authors: Maki Teruya , Lee Kevin C. , Kawai Kei , Onishi Kazunari , Hong Chun Sang , Kurosaki Yasunori , Shinoda Masato , Kai Kenji , Iwasaka Yasunobu , Archer Stephen D. J. , Lacap‐Bugler Donnabella C. , Hasegawa Hiroshi , Pointing Stephen B. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAeolian dust is emerging as a significant vehicle for long‐range transport of microorganisms. Nonetheless, many factors relating to this highly influential dispersal mechanisms remain unresolved, including the variation in dispersal bacterial communities during stochastic desert dust events, and the effect of aeolian transit over continental and oceanic surfaces to these communities. Here we report a temporal study that encompassed multiple dust events to elucidate 16S rRNA gene‐defined changes in airborne bacterial communities at a continental‐peninsula site (Yongin, central South Korea) and a downwind offshore island site (Yonago, Honshu Island, Japan) both lying along the trajectory for dust event transport. Aerosol collected on nondust days at both sites generally reflected local origin from freshwater, marine, plant, and animal sources. At both sites, the relative abundance of spore‐forming bacteria (Bacillaceae) and organic‐aggregating bacteria (Cytophagaceae) was positively correlated with the mineral particle. Actinobacteria increased in relative abundance at the continental‐peninsula site during dust events, while marine bacterial signatures (mainly Alphaproteobacteria) were more prevalent in island site after dust events dissipated upon Japanese Sea. Overall, dust events increased the richness of airborne bacteria communities originating from inland desert and other area during early spring and are associated with more variations in airborne bacteria in the island site than the continental‐peninsula site. Airborne desert dust is likely a significant transport vehicle for bacteria. The transit of air masses over continental and marine surfaces is selective for some taxa which can be transported to distant sinks with potential impacts toward ecosystems and public health.
An Unusual Extreme Rainfall Event in Canberra Australia on February 2018
Authors: Deng Difei , Ritchie Elizabeth A. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractA case of an extreme rainfall event in Canberra, the capital city of Australia, on 24–25 February 2018 is investigated. Canberra received more than the long‐term statistical February total rainfall within 6 hr on that day, causing overwhelming flash flooding in the city. In contrast to many coastal cities or tropical regions, Canberra is located at the boundary between the tropics and extratropics and is usually dry and warm in February. The diagnostic analysis shows that this relatively rare brief heavy rainfall was the joint effects of lower‐level warm, moist conveyor belts, the remnants of tropical cyclone Kelvin, surface cold fronts, and a midlatitude trough at middle to upper levels. The lower‐level northeast and west conveyor belts of water vapor contributed to the accumulation of moisture and created favorable conditional instability over Canberra by transporting tropical moist and warm air from Coral Sea and from the Kelvin remnant to Canberra prior to and during the rainfall period. Enhanced uplift was triggered by the arrival of a cold front in the warm, moist unstable air. The rainfall reached a peak 13.6 mm in 30 min soon after a low‐level frontal updraft coupled with middle‐ to upper‐level dynamical uplift ahead of the midlatitude trough. After the passage of the upper‐level trough, the dry, cold air in the rear of the trough stabilized and dried the atmosphere above Canberra. The rainfall decreased and ended rapidly.
Spin coherence in two-dimensional materials
Authors: Ye Meng , Seo Hosung , Galli Giulia 
Published: April 2019

AbstractSpin defects in semiconducting solids are promising platforms for the realization of quantum bits. At low temperature and in the presence of a large magnetic field, the central spin decoherence is mainly due to the fluctuating magnetic field induced by nuclear spin flip-flop transitions. Using spin Hamiltonians and a cluster expansion method, we investigate the electron spin coherence of defects in two-dimensional (2D) materials, including delta-doped diamond layers, thin Si films, MoS2, and h-BN. We show that isotopic purification is much more effective in 2D than in three-dimensional materials, leading to an exceptionally long spin coherence time of more than 30 ms in an isotopically pure monolayer of MoS2.
Synthesis of C@Ni-Al LDH HSS for efficient U-entrapment from seawater
Authors: Yuan Xiaoyu , Yin Chunyue , Zhang Yuanyuan , Chen Zengyue , Xu Yifan , Wang Jun 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIn this paper, a double hollow spherical shell composite modified with layered double hydroxide (C@Ni-Al LDH HSS) was fabricated for uranium(VI) (U(VI)) adsorption. Various batch experiments were carried out to investigate the influence of pH, concentration, time and coexistence ion on extraction. The results showed that the adsorption processes of U(VI) onto C@Ni-Al LDH HSS were spontaneous and endothermic and closely followed pseudo-second-order and Langmuir isotherm models. The equilibrium time and maximum adsorption capacity of C@Ni-Al LDH HSS was 360 min and 545.9 mg g−1. FT-IR and XPS analyses proved that the adsorption behavior was primarily attributed to the strong interaction between oxygen-containing functional groups and U(VI). Moreover, the extraction of trace U(VI) (μg L−1) in artificial and natural seawater was also studied. The results showed that C@Ni-Al LDH HSS provided a promising application for the efficient extraction of U(VI) from seawater.
Differentiating SGBS adipocytes respond to PPARγ stimulation, irisin and BMP7 by functional browning and beige characteristics
Authors: Klusóczki Ágnes , Veréb Zoltán , Vámos Attila , Fischer-Posovszky Pamela , Wabitsch Martin , Bacso Zsolt , Fésüs László , Kristóf Endre 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBrown and beige adipocytes are enriched in mitochondria with uncoupling protein-1 (UCP1) to generate heat instead of ATP contributing to healthy energy balance. There are few human cellular models to reveal regulatory networks in adipocyte browning and key targets for enhancing thermogenesis in obesity. The Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome (SGBS) preadipocyte line has been a useful tool to study human adipocyte biology. Here we report that SGBS cells, which are comparable to subcutaneous adipose-derived stem cells, carry an FTO risk allele. Upon sustained PPARγ stimulation or irisin (a myokine released in response to exercise) treatment, SGBS cells differentiated into beige adipocytes exhibiting multilocular lipid droplets, high UCP1 content with induction of typical browning genes (Cidea, Elovl3) and the beige marker Tbx1. The autocrine mediator BMP7 led to moderate browning with the upregulation of the classical brown marker Zic1 instead of Tbx1. Thermogenesis potential resulted from PPARγ stimulation, irisin and BMP7 can be activated in UCP1-dependent and the beige specific, creatine phosphate cycle mediated way. The beige phenotype, maintained under long-term (28 days) conditions, was partially reversed by withdrawal of PPARγ ligand. Thus, SGBS cells can serve as a cellular model for both white and sustainable beige adipocyte differentiation and function.
Helping-Like Behaviour in Mice Towards Conspecifics Constrained Inside Tubes
Authors: Ueno Hiroshi , Suemitsu Shunsuke , Murakami Shinji , Kitamura Naoya , Wani Kenta , Matsumoto Yosuke , Okamoto Motoi , Ishihara Takeshi 
Published: April 2019

AbstractProsocial behaviour, including helping behaviour, benefits others. Recently, helping-like behaviour has been observed in rats, but whether it is oriented towards rescue, social contact with others, or other goals remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated whether helping-like behaviour could be observed in mice similar to that in rats. Because mice are social animals widely used in neuroscience, the discovery of helping-like behaviour in mice would be valuable in clarifying the psychological and biological mechanisms underlying pro-sociability. We constrained mice inside tubes. Subject mice were allowed to move freely in cages with tubes containing constrained conspecifics. The subject mice released both cagemates and stranger mice but did not engage in opening empty tubes. Furthermore, the same behaviour was observed under aversive conditions and with anesthetised conspecifics. Interestingly, hungry mice opened the tubes containing food before engaging in tube-opening behaviour to free constrained conspecifics. Mice showed equal preferences for constrained and freely moving conspecifics. We demonstrated for the first time that mice show tube-opening behaviour. Furthermore, we partly clarified the purpose and motivation of this behaviour. An effective mouse model for helping-like behaviour would facilitate research on the mechanisms underlying prosocial behaviour.
Author Correction: Understanding zeolite deactivation by sulfur poisoning during direct olefin upgrading
Authors: Harrhy Jonathan H. , Wang Aiguo , Jarvis Jack S. , He Peng , Meng Shijun , Yung Matthew , Liu Lijia , Song Hua 
Published: April 2019

The original PDF and HTML versions of this Article contained errors in the Acknowledgements section. MEG Energy Corp. was incorrectly acknowledged for financial support.This has been corrected in both the PDF and HTML versions of the Article.
Apigenin inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition of human colon cancer cells through NF-κB/Snail signaling pathway
Authors: Tong Jiafeng , Shen Ying , Zhang Zhenghua , Hu Ye , Zhang Xu , Han Li 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Colon cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays an important role in tumor metastasis of colon cancer. We first evaluated the effects of EMT-related transcription factors on the prognosis of colon cancer through analysis the data obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). And then we screened a series of Chinese medicine monomers to find effect EMT inhibitors. First, Snail is a more important EMT transcription factors for colon cancer prognosis, compared with Twist and Slug. Then, we found that apigenin effectively inhibits the activity of Snail. Apigenin could inhibit the EMT, migration, and invasion of human colon cancer cells in vitro and in vivo through the NF-κB/Snail pathway. Snail is a key regulator of EMT in colon cancer and Snail inhibitor apigenin may be a therapeutic application for patients with colon cancer.
LSINCT5 predicts unfavorable prognosis and exerts oncogenic function in osteosarcoma
Authors: He Weidong , Lu Ming , Xiao Dongbo 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The dysregulated expression of LSINCT5 (long stress-induced non-coding transcript 5) has been found in various human tumors, and was generally related to cancer progression and unfavorable prognosis. Although the role of LSINCT5 in osteosarcoma was reported not long ago, the sample size of that study was limited. Our study presented more evidence about the clinical significance and biological function of LSINCT5 in osteosarcoma. In our results, we found LSINCT5 expression was increased in osteosarcoma tissue samples and cell lines, and high LSINCT5 expression was associated with advanced Enneking stage, large tumor size, high histological grade and present distant metastasis. Meanwhile, we observed high LSINCT5 expression was correlated with worse overall survival, and high LSINCT5 expression could be an independent poor predictor for overall survival in osteosarcoma cases. Moreover, we found inhibition of LSINCT5 expression suppressed cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro, and LSINCT5 overexpression dramatically facilitated cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro. In conclusion, our study suggests that LSINCT5 exerts oncogenic function in osteosarcoma cells, and may be a potential predictor for clinical outcome in osteosarcoma patients.
Nucleosome remodelling: structural insights into ATP-dependent remodelling enzymes
Authors: Sundaramoorthy Ramasubramanian 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
ATP-dependent chromatin remodelling enzymes play a fundamental role in determining how nucleosomes are organised, and render DNA sequences accessible to interacting proteins, thereby enabling precise regulation of eukaryotic genes. Remodelers conserved from yeast to humans are classified into four families based on the domains and motifs present in their ATPase subunits. Insights into overall assembly and the mode of interaction to the nucleosome by these different families of remodelers remained limited due to the complexity of obtaining structural information on these challenging samples. Electron microscopy and single-particle methods have made advancement and uncovered vital structural information on the number of remodelling complexes. In this article, we highlight some of the recent structural work that advanced our understanding on the mechanisms and biological functions of these ATP-dependent remodelling machines.
Selten, oft übersehen und tödlich: stumpfes Thoraxtrauma mit Bronchusabriss bei täglichen Unfällen
Authors: Rielage Thomas 
Published: April 2019

ZusammenfassungEs wird von einer 32-jährigen Frau, die mit ihrem Kleinwagen mit überhöhter Geschwindigkeit innerstädtisch verunfallte und dabei ein isoliertes Hals-Thorax-Trauma erlitt, berichtet. Als lebensbedrohliches Verletzungsmuster kam es zu einem tracheobronchialen Trauma mit Einriss der Trachealhinterwand, einem Bronchusabriss und Pneumothorax. In der Folge verstarb die Patientin an einer Hypoxämie, bevor eine operative Versorgung erfolgen konnte. In der Diskussion wird auf die Prävalenz des Verletzungsmusters und auf die notfallmedizinische Versorgung eingegangen.
Evaluation des Fragebogens zur Erfassung des stimmlichen
Selbstkonzepts durch HNO-Tumorpatienten
Authors: Lehnert Bernhard , Janotte Ben 
Published: April 2019

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Der Fragebogen zur Erfassung des stimmlichen Selbstkonzepts
(FESS) fragt persönlichkeitsbezogene Aspekte der Stimme ab. Untersucht werden
soll, wie geeignet der Fragebogen für Patienten mit Kopf-Hals-Tumoren ist. Zuvor
wurde er anonym in einer Tumornachsorgesprechstunde erhoben. Dort gaben die
Patienten ganz überwiegend an, dass Ihnen das Ausfüllen leichtfalle. Um zu
erheben, wo noch Schwierigkeiten liegen, wurden Einzelgespräche mit einer
Patientengruppe über den Fragebogen geführt. Als Nebenfragestellungen wurden die
für das Ausfüllen des Fragebogens benötigte Zeit und etwaige Zusammenhänge mit
der objektiven Stimmqualität erhoben.
Material und Methoden 113 Patienten einer HNO-Tumornachsorgesprechstunde
füllten den Fragebogen aus und wurden dazu individuell befragt. Die für das
Ausfüllen benötigte Zeit wurde gemessen und der Acoustic Voice Quality Index
(AVQI) bestimmt.
Ergebnisse Eine Mehrheit von Patienten fand den Fragebogen leicht
auszufüllen. Für einen kleineren Anteil an Patienten enthält der Bogen schwer zu
beantwortende Items, unverständliche Items und ein für sie zu kompliziertes
Antwortschema. Im Durchschnitt benötigten die Patienten 3 Minuten pro Bogen, 90
% füllten ihn in 4,5 oder weniger Minuten aus. Erwartungsgemäß korrelierte dies
schwach mit Bildungsniveau und Alter.
Schlussfolgerungen Die Einzelbefragungsergebnisse widersprechen nicht der
erhofften Anwendbarkeit des Fragebogens in einem großen Teil der Patienten und
mit durchschnittlich 3 Minuten ist die Belastung nicht zu groß. Ein nicht
vernachlässigbarer Anteil dieser Gruppe ist mit den Items und dem Antwortformat
überfordert, etwa jeder 7. hält den Fragebogen nicht für klinisch anwendbar.
Unsere Interviews zeigen eine Reihe von kritischen Items und den damit
verbundenen Schwierigkeiten auf, so dass der Anwender Limitationen eher
abschätzen und verstehen kann.
Chronische Rhinosinusitis mit Nasenpolypen: Schleimhaut
„rebooten“
Authors: Reichel Oliver 
Published: April 2019

Alsharif S et al. Endoscopic Sinus Surgery for Type-2 CRS wNP: An Endotype-Based
Retrospective Study. Laryngoscope 2019; doi: 10.1002/lary.27815
HNO-Ärzte aus Gent haben eine neue Operationstechnik zur Behandlung einer
chronischen Rhinosinusitis mit Nasenpolypen (CRSwNP) entwickelt. Bei diesem
„Reboot“-Verfahren wird die gesamte Sinusschleimhaut maximal entfernt, um
eine gesunde Reepithelialisierung aus der konservierten Nasenschleimhaut zu
ermöglichen. Verglichen wurde die klassische, schleimhautschonende,
endoskopische Nasennebenhöhlenoperation (ESS) mit dem
„Reboot“-Verfahren.
Psychologische Aspekte von Hochintensivem Intervalltraining (HIIT) in der Therapie: Eine Übersicht der Literatur
Authors: Kleinert Jens , Bassek Manuel 
Published: April 2019

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag gibt eine Literaturübersicht zu psychologischen Aspekten von Hochintensivem Intervalltraining (HIIT) in der Therapie anhand von 13 Studien mit insgesamt 1204 Patienten. Die bisherige Forschung analysiert überwiegend Lebensqualität, Depression, Angst und Erschöpfung. Hinsichtlich positiver Effekte sind die Ergebnisse inkonsistent. Negative psychische Effekte von HIIT konnten nicht nachgewiesen werden.
Hoch-intensives Intervalltraining in der onkologischen Rehabilitation – Erfahrungen aus der Therapiepraxis
Authors: Schmitt Joachim 
Published: April 2019

ZusammenfassungAerobes Ausdauertraining stellt in der Rehabilitation verschiedenster Indikationen eine wesentliche Trainingsform dar, um die individuellen Leistungs- und Gesundheitsressourcen zu verbessern. Allerdings fühlt sich nicht jeder Patient von aerobem Training ausgelastet und lässt sich dazu motivieren. Eine aktuelle, zunehmend erforschte Trainingsform stellt Hochintensives Intervalltraining (HIIT) dar, da Studien gezeigt haben, dass im Vergleich zu niedrig-intensivem Training in kürzerer Zeit ähnliche oder höhere Effekte auf die körperliche Leistungsfähigkeit zu erwarten sind. In der Rehaklinik Am Kurpark in Bad Kissingen wurde HIIT 2015 erstmals als zusätzliche Trainingsvariante implementiert und in der Therapie onkologischer Patienten erprobt. Unter anderem konnte so das Fatigue-Syndrom deutlich gemildert werden. HIIT, als umsetzbare und sichere Trainingsform nach Krebs, könnte somit künftig eine Alternative zum herkömmlichen Ausdauertraining werden.
Auswirkungen sportlicher Aktivitäten bei Kindern mit Aufmerksamkeits-Defizit-Hyperaktivitäts-Störung (ADHS) unter besonderer Betrachtung von Hochintensivem Intervalltraining als innovativen, therapeutischen Ansatz
Authors: Meßler Carolin Friederike 
Published: April 2019

ZusammenfassungLiteraturanalysen haben ergeben, dass Hochintensives Intervalltraining positive Ergebnisse in Bezug auf die Leitsymptomatik, die motorischen Fähigkeiten und sozialen Kompetenzen von Kindern mit Aufmerksamkeits-Defizit-Hyperaktivitäts-Störung (ADHS) erzielt. Ebenso lassen sich der Selbstwert und die Lebensqualität von ADHS-betroffenen Kindern durch eine 3-wöchige Interventionsphase positiv beeinflussen. Ein 1:1-Training ermöglicht individuelle Betreuung und erhöht die Compliance der Kinder. Das Hochintensive Intervalltraining greift das natürliche intervallartige Bewegungsverhalten der Kinder auf und bietet eine Möglichkeit, durch kurze Trainingszeiten dies in den Alltag der Kinder zu integrieren. Es stellt so eine attraktive und speziell auf Kinder ausgerichtete Intervention dar, welche nebenwirkungsfrei, effektiv und kostengünstig ist.
Related Risk Factors between Subclinical Carotid Atherosclerosis and Diabetic Retinopathy in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in China
Authors: Guo Fengqi , Zhou Ting , Tang Juan , Dong Mingxia , Wei Qianping 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Purpose To analyze the clinical features and related risk factors in diabetic retinopathy (DR) and subclinical atherosclerosis, the micro- and macro-vascular diseases in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Methods A retrospective study of 435 cases of inpatients with newly diagnosed T2DM from 2013–2017, and compare the 2 types of T2DM related vascular complications.
Results The macro- and microvascular complications are not rare at this stage. Subclinical atherosclerosis was found in 251 subjects (57.7%), which was higher than that of DR (13.1%). In addition, some cases of subclinical atherosclerosis co-existed with DR, suggesting that DR was related with subclinical atherosclerosis (r=0.098, P=0.041). Older age showed a significant association with both subclinical atherosclerosis and DR. Single factor analysis indicated that dyslipidemia was the common risk factor in DR and subclinical atherosclerosis.
Conclusions It should be paid attention to the screening of both DR and subclinical atherosclerosis in each age group of newly diagnosed T2DM. Except for the control of blood glucose, the control of the dyslipidemia is important in the prevention and treatment of the micro- and macro-vascular diseases.