bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endogenous rewards promote cooperation
Authors: Yang Chun-Lei , Zhang Boyu , Charness Gary , Li Cong , Lien Jaimie W. 
Published: September 2018

SignificanceAn important research area in the social and biological sciences is how endogenous sanctions can promote cooperation in social dilemma situations, particularly in a budget-balanced (no need for external financing) manner. Punishment has had some success in experimental studies, but has serious shortcomings: It is socially wasteful materially and also tends to induce poor social relations. Reward avoids those issues and reinforces the social fabric. Our mechanism achieves high contributions in a public goods game (PGG) with peer reward in a budget-balanced tax-funding environment; notably, our environment also reverses the downward trend of the standard PGG. This research advances the field in a direction that will be important for practical policy applications, opening the door for further interesting and socially beneficial research.
The PqsE and RhlR proteins are an autoinducer synthase–receptor pair that control virulence and biofilm development inPseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Mukherjee Sampriti , Moustafa Dina A. , Stergioula Vasiliki , Smith Chari D. , Goldberg Joanna B. , Bassler Bonnie L. 
Published: September 2018

SignificanceThe human pathogenPseudomonas aeruginosais the leading cause of hospital-acquired infections and, moreover, is resistant to commonly used antibiotics.P. aeruginosauses the cell-to-cell communication process called quorum sensing (QS) to control virulence. QS relies on production and response to extracellular signaling molecules called autoinducers. Here, we identify the PqsE enzyme as the synthase of an autoinducer that activates the QS receptor RhlR. We show that the PqsE-derived autoinducer is the key molecule drivingP. aeruginosabiofilm formation and virulence in animal models of infection. We propose that PqsE and RhlR constitute a QS synthase–receptor pair, and that this system can be targeted for antimicrobial development.
Diglossia and change from below in Eastern Cham
Authors: Baclawski Kenneth 
Published: September 2018

AbstractDiglossia canonically refers to language situations with unequal attitudes towards a formal ‘H’ variety, connected to writing, and a colloquial ‘L’ variety, connected to everyday speech. This paper claims that variation that arises as a marker of diglossia can become dissociated from it and persist in the L variety, if it is sufficiently orthogonal to the writing system. With a sociolinguistic survey (n = 30), this paper examines five variables that were markers of quasi-diglossia in Eastern Cham in previous decades. Three of the variables continue to be stereotypes or shibboleths of diglossia, while the other two no longer exhibit any correlation with diglossia: the spirantization ofrand the labial coarticulation ofŋ. The latter were changes from below that decoupled from diglossia, because they were sufficiently opaque to Cham script.
From action to spoken and signed language through gesture
Authors: Volterra Virginia , Capirci Olga , Rinaldi Pasquale , Sparaci Laura 
Published: September 2018

AbstractWe review major developmental evidence on the continuity from action to gesture to word and sign in human children, highlighting the important role of caregivers in the development of multimodal communication. In particular, the basic issues considered here and contributing to the current debate on the origins and development of the language-ready brain are: (1) links between early actions, gestures and words and similarities in representational strategies; (2) importance of multimodal communication and the interplay between gestures and spoken words; (3) interconnections between early actions, gestures and signs. The innovation of this report is in connecting these themes together to relevant findings from studies on children between 6 and 36 months of age and highlighting interesting parallels in studies on ape communicative behavior.
Computational challenges of evolving the language-ready brain
Authors: Arbib Michael A. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractComputational modeling of the macaque brain grounds hypotheses on the brain of LCA-m (the last common ancestor of monkey and human). Elaborations thereof provide a brain model for LCA-c (c for chimpanzee). The Mirror System Hypothesis charts further steps via imitation and pantomime to protosign and protolanguage on the path to a "language-ready brain" inHomo sapiens,with the path to speech being indirect. The material poses new challenges for both experimentation and modeling.
Mental travels and the cognitive basis of language
Authors: Corballis Michael C. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractI argue that a critical feature of language that distinguishes it from animal communication isdisplacement,the means to communicate about the non-present. This implies a capacity for mental travels in time and space, which is the ability to call to mind past episodes, imagine future ones or purely fictitious ones, and locate them in different places. While mental travel in time, in particular, is often considered to be unique to humans, behavioral and neurophysiological evidence suggests that it is evident in some form, at least, in nonhuman animals, including rodents, and may go far back in the evolution of animals that move. The linguistic capacity to share experiences that transcend space and time evolved much more recently, accelerating during the Pleistocene with increasing demands for effective cooperation and long-distance planning. The expansion of mental time travel probably co-evolved with the development of language itself, because the sharing of memories, plans, and stories vastly added to our own individual experiences. From this perspective, the critical period of the Road Map runs from the emergence of the genusHomoaround 2 million years ago to the present.
Voice, gesture and working memory in the emergence of speech
Authors: Aboitiz Francisco 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Language and speech depend on a relatively well defined neural circuitry, located predominantly in the left hemisphere. In this article, I discuss the origin of the speech circuit in early humans, as an expansion of an auditory-vocal articulatory network that took place after the last common ancestor with the chimpanzee. I will attempt to converge this perspective with aspects of the Mirror System Hypothesis, particularly those related to the emergence of a meaningful grammar in human communication. Basically, the strengthening of auditory-vocal connectivity via the arcuate fasciculus and related tracts generated an expansion of working memory capacity for vocalizations, that was key for learning complex utterances. This process was concomitant with the development of a robust interface with visual working memory, both in the dorsal and ventral streams of auditory and visual processing. This enabled the bidirectional translation of sequential codes into hierarchical visual representations, through the development of a multimodal interface between both systems.
Archaeology and the evolutionary neuroscience of language
Authors: Stout Dietrich 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Comparative approaches to language evolution are essential but cannot by themselves resolve the timing and context of evolutionary events since the last common ancestor with chimpanzees. Archaeology can help to fill this gap, but only if properly integrated with evolutionary theory and the ethnographic, ethological, and experimental analogies required to reconstruct the broader social, behavioral, and neurocognitive implications of ancient artifacts. The current contribution elaborates a technological pedagogy hypothesis of language origins by developing the concept of an evolving human technological niche and applying it to investigate two key transitions posited by Arbib’s Mirror System Hypothesis: (1) from complex action recognition and imitation to proto-language, and (2) from proto-language to language.
Effects of Red Clover Living Mulch on Arthropod Herbivores and Natural Enemies, and Cucumber Yield
Authors: Kahl Hanna M , Leslie Alan W , Hooks Cerruti R R 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Increasing habitat complexity through cover cropping has been proposed as a tactic to reduce herbivore colonization and encourage natural enemies in cropping systems. To test the supposition that cover crops can be used to alter arthropod communities, we compared arthropod communities on cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.; Cucurbitaceae) interplanted with a red clover (Trifolium pratense L.; Fabaceae) living mulch and grown as a monoculture. In 2016 and 2017, visual surveys and yellow sticky card traps were used to estimate numbers of arthropod natural enemies and herbivores in each treatment. Among herbivores, striped cucumber beetles [Acalymma vittatum (Fabricius, 1775); Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae] and melon aphids (Aphis gossypii Glover, 1877; Hemiptera: Aphididae) had lower densities in the presence of red clover. However, populations of spotted cucumber beetle (Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi Barber, 1947; Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) had a variable response to red clover. Sticky card captures of natural enemies, including bigeyed bugs (Geocoris spp. Fallén; Hemiptera: Geocoridae), minute pirate bugs (Orius spp. Wolff; Hemiptera: Anthocoridae), and lady beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), were generally greater in cucumber interplanted with red clover than monoculture. Overall, cucumber yield did not differ between treatments. Findings from this study lend support to the hypothesis that greater habitat complexity can reduce herbivore densities.
Development of Quantitative Estimates of Wood Dust Exposure in a Canadian General Population Job-Exposure Matrix Based on Past Expert Assessments
Authors: Sauvé Jean-François , Davies Hugh W , Parent Marie-Élise , Peters Cheryl E , Sylvestre Marie-Pierre , Lavoué Jérôme 
Published: September 2018

AbstractObjectivesThe CANJEM general population job-exposure matrix summarizes expert evaluations of 31 673 jobs from four population-based case–control studies of cancer conducted in Montreal, Canada. Intensity in each CANJEM cell is represented as relative distributions of the ordinal (low, medium, high) ratings of jobs assigned by the experts. We aimed to apply quantitative concentrations to CANJEM cells using Canadian historical measurements from the Canadian Workplace Exposure Database (CWED), taking exposure to wood dust as an example.MethodsWe selected 5170 personal and area wood dust measurements from 31 occupations (2011 Canadian National Occupational Classification) with a non-zero exposure probability in CANJEM between 1930 and 2005. The measurements were taken between 1981 and 2003 (median 1989). A Bayesian hierarchical model was applied to the wood dust concentrations with occupations as random effects, and sampling duration, year, sample type (area or personal), province, and the relative proportion of jobs exposed at medium and high intensity in CANJEM cells as fixed effects.ResultsThe estimated geometric mean (GM) concentrations for a CANJEM cell with all jobs exposed at medium or high intensity were respectively 1.3 and 2.4 times higher relative to a cell with all jobs at low intensity. An overall trend of −3%/year in exposure was observed. Applying the model estimates to all 198 cells in CANJEM with some exposure assigned by the experts, the predicted 8-hour, personal wood dust GM concentrations by occupation for 1989 ranged from 0.48 to 1.96 mg m−3.ConclusionsThe model provided estimates of wood dust concentrations for any CANJEM cell with exposure, applicable for quantitative risk assessment at the population level. This framework can be implemented for other agents represented in both CANJEM and CWED.
Diadenosine-Polyphosphate Analogue AppCH2ppA Suppresses Seizures by Enhancing Adenosine Signaling in the Cortex
Authors: Pons-Bennaceur Alexandre , Tsintsadze Vera , Bui Thi-thien , Tsintsadze Timur , Minlebaev Marat , Milh Mathieu , Scavarda Didier , Giniatullin Rashid , Giniatullina Raisa , Shityakov Sergey , Wright Michael , Miller Andrew D , Lozovaya Natalia , Burnashev Nail 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Epilepsy is a multifactorial disorder associated with neuronal hyperexcitability that affects more than 1% of the human population. It has long been known that adenosine can reduce seizure generation in animal models of epilepsies. However, in addition to various side effects, the instability of adenosine has precluded its use as an anticonvulsant treatment. Here we report that a stable analogue of diadenosine-tetraphosphate: AppCH2ppA effectively suppresses spontaneous epileptiform activity in vitro and in vivo in a Tuberous Sclerosis Complex (TSC) mouse model (Tsc1+/−), and in postsurgery cortical samples from TSC human patients. These effects are mediated by enhanced adenosine signaling in the cortex post local neuronal adenosine release. The released adenosine induces A1 receptor-dependent activation of potassium channels thereby reducing neuronal excitability, temporal summation, and hypersynchronicity. AppCH2ppA does not cause any disturbances of the main vital autonomous functions of Tsc1+/− mice in vivo. Therefore, we propose this compound to be a potent new candidate for adenosine-related treatment strategies to suppress intractable epilepsies.
Psychometric evaluation of the Taiwanese version of the functional assessment of cancer therapy: a questionnaire for patients with lung cancer
Authors: Chang Wen-Pei , Lin Yen-Kuang , Lin Chia-Chin 
Published: September 2018

Abstract

Objective
The Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Lung (FACT-L) consists of the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General (FACT-G) and the Lung Cancer Subscale. The FACT-L is commonly used to measure quality of life in patients with lung cancer. This study evaluated the reliability and validity of the FACT-L in examining patients with lung cancer in Taiwan.

Design
This was a methodology study.

Setting
Patients with lung cancer at a regional hospital in Northern Taiwan.

Participants
Patients who had received an early diagnosis of lung cancer between 2013 and 2015 were recruited as respondents.

Intervention(s)
None.

Main outcome measure(s)
To verify the reliability and validity of the Taiwanese version of the FACT-L.

Results
A total of 104 patients who had received an initial diagnosis of lung cancer were recruited. The overall internal consistency of the FACT-L, as assessed using Cronbach’s α, was 0.82. Among the patients, 64 had a test–retest reliability (r) of 0.45 (P < 0.001) at 6 weeks after treatment. Moreover, longitudinal research indicated that the FACT-L detected score differences before and after treatment in these patients (Cohen’s d = −0.26). The Taiwanese version of the FACT-L considers 2-year survival as the gold standard, and the optimal combination of sensitivity and specificity was obtained when the receiver operating characteristic curve revealed cutoff points of 80 and 68 for the FACT-L and FACT-G, respectively.

Conclusions
The Taiwanese version of the FACT-L can be widely applied to assess the quality of life of patients with lung cancer.
Quality assessment indicators in antenatal care worldwide: a systematic review
Authors: Morón-Duarte Lina Sofia , Ramirez Varela Andrea , Segura Omar , Freitas da Silveira Mariângela 
Published: September 2018

AbstractPurposeTo describe indicators used for the assessment of antenatal care (ANC) quality worldwide under the World Health Organization (WHO) framework and based on a systematic review of the literature.Data sourcesSearches were performed in MEDLINE, SciELO, BIREME and Web of Science for eligible studies published between January 2002 and September 2016.Study selectionOriginal articles describing women who had received ANC, any ANC model and, any ANC quality indicators were included.Data extractionPublication date, study design and ANC process indicators were extracted.Results of data synthesisOf the total studies included, 69 evaluated at least one type of ANC process indicator. According to WHO ANC guidelines, 8.7% of the articles reported healthy eating counseling and 52.2% iron and folic acid supplementation. The evaluation indicators on maternal and fetal interventions were: syphilis testing (55.1%), HIV testing (47.8%), gestational diabetes mellitus screening (40.6%) and ultrasound (27.5%). Essential ANC activities assessment ranged from 26.1% report of fetal heart sound, 50.7% of maternal weight and 63.8% of blood pressure. Regarding preventive measures recommended by WHO, tetanus vaccine was reported in 60.9% of the articles. Interventions performed by health services to improve use and quality of ANC care, promotion of maternal and fetal health, and the number of visits to the ANC were evaluated in 65.2% of the studies.ConclusionNumerous ANC content indicators are being used to assess ANC quality. However, there is a need to use standardized indicators across countries and efforts to improve quality evaluation.
Fighting Unfair Competition: The Bamberger Riot and the Emergence of Hire Purchase in Switzerland around 1900
Authors: Ruoss Matthias 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Hire purchase is today one of the most popular modes of consumer finance worldwide, yet it is still in many ways stigmatized and controversial. In this respect, nothing much has changed since the late nineteenth century, when this new way of selling goods spread through the industrialized countries of the West. How unacceptable it was, Louis Bamberger—a pioneer of hire purchase in Switzerland—found out the hard way. In 1883, only months after the opening of his department store in St. Gallen, hundreds of angry people gathered in front of it and started smashing windows and looting. Beginning with this incident, which came to be known as the Bamberger Riot, this article traces the history of hire purchase and the controversy around it in Switzerland before the Great War. Focusing mainly on artisans and shopkeepers, I argue that the sudden emergence of hire purchase in Switzerland fundamentally challenged the market ethic and economic rationality of this section of the urban middle class.
Asteroseismic radii of dwarfs: new accuracy constraints from Gaia DR2 parallaxes
Authors: Sahlholdt Christian L , Silva Aguirre Victor 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Precise stellar masses and radii can be determined using asteroseismology, but their accuracy must be tested against independent estimates. Using radii derived from Gaia DR2 parallaxes, we test the accuracy of asteroseismic radii for a sample of 93 dwarfs based on both individual frequency fitting and the seismic scaling relations. Radii from frequency fitting are about 1 per cent smaller than Gaia radii on average; however, this difference may be explained by a negative bias of $30\, \mu\mathrm{as}$ in the Gaia parallaxes. This indicates that the radii derived from frequency fitting are accurate to within 1 per cent. The scaling relations are found to overestimate radii by more than 5 per cent, compared to the Gaia radii, at the highest temperatures. We demonstrate that this offset is reduced to 3 per cent after applying corrections based on model frequencies to the scaling relation for Δν, but only when the model frequencies are corrected for the surface effect. With corrections to Δν, the scaling relation gives radii accurate to about 2–3 per cent for dwarfs in the temperature range 5400–6700 K. The remaining offset at the highest temperatures may indicate the need for a correction to the scaling relation for νmax.
Integrated care for human immunodeficiency virus, diabetes and hypertension in Africa
Authors: Garrib Anupam , Birungi Josephine , Lesikari Sokoine , Namakoola Ivan , Njim Tsi , Cuevas Luis , Niessen Louis , Mugisha Kenneth , Mutungi Gerald , Mghamba Janneth , Ramaiya Kaushik , Jaffar Shabbar , Mfinanga Sayoki , Nyirenda Moffat 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
The rising burden from non-communicable diseases (NCDs) poses a huge challenge for health care delivery in Africa, where health systems are already struggling with the long-term care requirements for the millions of people now on antiretroviral therapy requiring regular visits to health facilities for monitoring, adherence support and drugs. The HIV chronic disease management programme is comparatively well-funded, well-organised and well-informed and offers many insights and opportunities for the expansion of NCD prevention and treatment services. Some degree of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and NCD service integration is essential, but how to do this without risking the HIV treatment gains is unclear. Both HIV and NCD services must expand within a resource-constrained environment and policymakers are in urgent need of evidence to guide cost-effective and acceptable changes in these health services.
Singular fibres of the Gelfand–Cetlin system on MANI(
n
)*
Authors: Bouloc D. , Miranda E. , Zung N.T. 
Published: September 2018

In this paper, we show that every singular fibre of the Gelfand–Cetlin system on co-adjoint orbits of unitary groups is a smooth isotropic submanifold which is diffeomorphic to a two-stage quotient of a compact Lie group by free actions of two other compact Lie groups. In many cases, these singular fibres can be shown to be homogeneous spaces or even diffeomorphic to compact Lie groups. We also give a combinatorial formula for computing the dimensions of all singular fibres, and give a detailed description of these singular fibres in many cases, including the so-called (multi-)diamond singularities. These (multi-)diamond singular fibres are degenerate for the Gelfand–Cetlin system, but they are Lagrangian submanifolds diffeomorphic to direct products of special unitary groups and tori. Our methods of study are based on different ideas involving complex ellipsoids, Lie groupoids and also general ideas coming from the theory of singularities of integrable Hamiltonian systems.
This article is part of the theme issue ‘Finite dimensional integrable systems: new trends and methods’.
Open problems, questions and challenges in finite- dimensional integrable systems
Authors: Bolsinov Alexey , Matveev Vladimir S. , Miranda Eva , Tabachnikov Serge 
Published: September 2018

The paper surveys open problems and questions related to different aspects of integrable systems with finitely many degrees of freedom. Many of the open problems were suggested by the participants of the conference ‘Finite-dimensional Integrable Systems, FDIS 2017’ held at CRM, Barcelona in July 2017.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Finite dimensional integrable systems: new trends and methods’.
KPGminer: A tool for retrieving pathway genes from KEGG pathway database
Authors: Azad A. K. M. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractPathway analysis is a very important aspect in computational systems biology as it serves as a crucial component in many computational pipelines. KEGG is one of the prominent databases that host pathway information associated with various organisms. In any pathway analysis pipelines, it is also important to collect and organize the pathway constituent genes for which a tool to automatically retrieve that would be a useful one to the practitioners. In this article, I present KPGminer, a tool that retrieves the constituent genes in KEGG pathways for various organisms and organizes that information suitable for many downstream pathway analysis pipelines. We exploited several KEGG web services using REST APIs, particularly GET and LIST methods to request for the information retrieval which is available for developers. Moreover, KPGminer can operate both for a particular pathway (single mode) or multiple pathways (batch mode). Next, we designed a crawler to extract necessary information from the response and generated outputs accordingly. KPGminer brings several key features including organism-specific and pathway-specific extraction of pathway genes from KEGG and always up-to-date information. Thus, we hope KPGminer can be a useful and effective tool to make downstream pathway analysis easier and faster. KPGminer is freely available for download from https://sourceforge.net/projects/kpgminer/.