bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chronic neuromuscular electrical stimulation improves muscle mass and insulin sensitivity in a mouse model
Authors: Lotri-Koffi Adiel , Pauly Marion , Lemarié Emeline , Godin-Ribuot Diane , Tamisier Renaud , Pépin Jean-Louis , Vivodtzev Isabelle 
Published: May 2019

AbstractMuscle wasting reduces functional capacity and increases cardiometabolic risk in chronic disease. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) of the lower limb has been shown to reverse muscle wasting in these patients but its effect on cardiometabolic health is unclear. We investigated a mouse model of in-vivo non-invasive chronic NMES on muscle mass, insulin sensitivity and arterial blood pressure (BP). Twenty-three C57BL6 mice underwent unilateral NMES or sham training over 2.5 weeks while anesthetized by isoflurane. Lower limb muscle mass and the stimulated limb to non-stimulated limb muscle mass ratio were compared between groups (NMES vs. sham). Insulin sensitivity was assessed 48 h after training using an intraperitoneal insulin tolerance test (ITT) and BP was assessed before and after training using the tail-cuff technique. After training, muscle mass increased in NMES vs. sham (416 ± 6 vs. 397 ± 6 mg, p = 0.04) along with the ratio of muscle mass (+3 ± 1% vs. −1 ± 1% p = 0.04). Moreover, insulin sensitivity improved in NMES vs. sham (average blood glucose during ITT: 139.6 ± 8.5 vs. 161.9 ± 9.0 mg/dl blood, p = 0.01). BP was decreased in both groups, although it is likely that the effect of NMES on BP was dampened by repetitive anesthesia. The metabolic benefit of NMES training could be of great utility in patients with chronic disease. Moreover, the clinical-like mouse model of NMES is an effective tool to investigate the systemic effects of local muscle strengthening.
Dynamic Evaluation Indices in Spatial Learning and Memory of Rat Vascular Dementia in the Morris Water Maze
Authors: Yuan Ze , Zhou Hongying , Zhou Ni , Dong Dong , Chu Yuyang , Shen Junxian , Han Yunfeng , Chu Xiang-Ping , Zhu Kunjie 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe Morris water maze (MWM) is widely used to evaluate rodent spatial learning and memory. However, current evaluation measures are not comprehensive because there is a wide distribution in the measured response. Utilizing the graph cognition hypothesis, we proposed four new deviation indices to evaluate cognitive function in the MWM that compared the optimal swim track to the actual track taken. These include the sum of the lateral deviation vectors, the sum of the offset angles, the sum of the correction vectors, and the sum of the lateral deviation vectors to the initial optimal route. We compared the four new deviation indices to the classically used escape latency measures in a vascular dementia model and demonstrated a higher consistency in the normal distribution between the vascular dementia group and the control rats. Further, the new measures displayed higher sensitivity and specificity compared to what escape latency displayed in the Monte Carlo simulation. From the receiver operating characteristic curve, the diagnostic values of the new deviation indices are higher than those of escape latency. Therefore, including these new evaluation indices in MWM experiments provided a more effective analysis of cognitive function compared to using escape latency.
TREML4 mRNA Expression and Polymorphisms in Blood Leukocytes are Associated with Atherosclerotic Lesion Extension in Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Duarte Victor Hugo Rezende , Miranda Carolinne Thaisa de Oliveira Fernan , Cruz Marina Sampaio , de Araújo Jéssica Nayara Góes , Duarte Mychelle Kytchia Rodrigues Nunes , Santos Ayda Maria Quirino Silva dos , Santos Isabelle Cristina Clemente dos , Santos Jéssica Cavalcante dos , da Silva Ananília Medeiros Gomes , de Oliveira Juliana Marinho , Paiva Maria Sanali Moura de Oliveira , de Oliveira Galvão Marcos Felipe , Rezende Adriana Augusto , Hirata Mario Hiroyuki , Hirata Rosario Dominguez Crespo , Luchessi André Ducati , Silbiger Vivian Nogueira 
Published: May 2019

AbstractMembers of the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (TREM) family are associated with atherosclerosis risk and progression. TREML4 is upregulated in the early phase of acute coronary syndrome. We investigated the relationship between the mRNA expression of 13 genes in blood leukocytes, TREML4 polymorphisms, and coronary artery lesion extension (Friesinger index) in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) (n = 137). TREML4 rs2803495 (A > G) and rs2803496 (T > C) variants and leukocyte mRNA expression were analysed by qRT-PCR. TREML4 expression was higher in patients with major coronary artery lesions than in subjects without or with low and intermediate lesions (p < 0.05). However, TREML4 polymorphisms were not associated with coronary lesion extent. Presence of the rs2803495 G allele was not associated with increased TREML4 mRNA expression. Patients carrying the rs2803496 C allele (TC/CC genotypes) were more likely to express TREML4 mRNA than non-C allele carriers (allele C: OR 7.3, and 95% CI 1.9–27.5, p = 0.03). In conclusion, increased TREML4 mRNA expression in blood leukocytes is influenced by gene polymorphisms and is associated with more severe coronary artery lesions, suggesting its potential as a biomarker of the extent of coronary lesions in patients with CAD.
Kinesin motor density and dynamics in gliding microtubule motility
Authors: VanDelinder Virginia , Imam Zachary I. , Bachand George 
Published: May 2019

AbstractKinesin motors and their associated filaments, microtubules, are essential to many biological processes. The motor and filament system can be reconstituted in vitro with the surface-adhered motors transporting the filaments along the surface. In this format, the system has been used to study active self-assembly and to power microdevices or perform analyte detection. However, fundamental properties of the system, such as the spacing of the kinesin motors bound to the microtubule and the dynamics of binding, remain poorly understood. We show that Fluorescence Interference Contrast (FLIC) microscopy can illuminate the exact height of the microtubule, which for a sufficiently low surface density of kinesin, reveals the locations of the bound motors. We examine the spacing of the kinesin motors on the microtubules at various kinesin surface densities and compare the results with theory. FLIC reveals that the system is highly dynamic, with kinesin binding and unbinding along the length of the microtubule as it is transported along the surface.
Efficacy of the novel CDK7 inhibitor QS1189 in mantle cell lymphoma
Authors: Choi Yun Jung , Kim Dong Ha , Yoon Dok Hyun , Suh Cheolwon , Choi Chang-Min , Lee Jae Cheol , Hong Jung Yong , Rho Jin Kyung 
Published: May 2019

AbstractMantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is typically an aggressive and rare form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) with a poor prognosis despite recent advances in immunochemotherapy and targeted therapeutics against NHL. New therapeutic agents are needed for MCL. In this study, we generated a potent inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (CDK7), designated QS1189, and confirmed its anti-cancer effects towards MCL and other lymphomas. QS1189 was highly selective for CDK7 and showed potent anticancer effects in MCL compared to other targeted therapeutic agents, such as ibrutinib and venetoclax. Consistent with a conventional CDK7 inhibitor, QS1189 treatment significantly decreased phosphorylation of the carboxyl-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II and transcription-associated genes. QS1189 induced cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and apoptosis. Interestingly, QS1189 overcame the acquired resistance to venetoclax, which is mediated by Bcl-xL. Similarly, QS1189 showed potent tumour cell growth inhibition of various lymphomas. Thus, CDK7 might be a suitable therapeutic target for inhibiting lymphoma, and QS1189 is a promising therapeutic option for various lymphomas and cells with acquired resistance to targeted therapy.
Up-regulated circular RNA VANGL1 contributes to progression of non-small cell lung cancer through inhibition of miR-195 and activation of Bcl-2
Authors: Wang Liuxin , Ma Huiping , Kong Weixiang , Liu Bing , Zhang Xueqing 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a group of non-coding RNAs, play an important role in cancer biology, and in the present study, we aimed to clarify the expression profiles and biological functions of circRNA circVANGL1 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The results showed that circVANGL1 was overexpressed in human NSCLC tissues and cell lines. circVANGL1 expression was closely associated with tumor size, TNM stage and overall survival of NSCLC patients. Further loss-of-function analysis revealed that knockdown of circVANGL1 inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis in NSCLC cell lines. The migration and invasion of NSCLC cells were also suppressed by circVANGL1 knockdown. In addition, we predicted that circVANGL1 might serve as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA), becoming a sink for miR-195, thereby modulating the expression of Bcl-2 in NSCLC cells. Rescue experiments demonstrated that miR-195 inhibitor abrogated the beneficial role of circVANGL1 knockdown in NSCLC cells. Taken together, we conclude that circVANGL1 functions as an oncogene to promote NSCLC progression partly through miR-195/Bcl-2 axis, which might be a novel therapeutic target for NSCLC patients.
Structure and the space vector modulation for a medium‐voltage power‐electronic‐transformer based on two seven‐level cascade H‐bridge inverters
Authors: Lewicki Arkadiusz , Morawiec Marcin 
Published: May 2019

This study presents the structure and the space vector pulse‐width modulation (SVPWM) for power electronic transformer (PET) based on two seven‐level cascade H‐bridge (CHB) inverters. The DC links of CHB inverters are coupled with nine dual‐active bridge (DAB) converters with medium‐frequency transformers. The DC‐link voltages are equalised with two methods – through the control of DAB voltages and through the modulation strategy applied to both CHB inverters. In the proposed SVPWM, the influence of vector sequences on predicted DC‐link voltages is analysed, and the optimum vector sequence is selected to equalise them. Regardless of this, the proposed SVPWM strategy enables the proper generation of output voltage vector also in the case of DC‐link voltage imbalance – the calculation of the space‐vector area takes into consideration the inequality of the DC‐link voltages and its influence on the lengths and positions of active vectors. To simplify the modulation algorithm, the multilevel CHB inverter is considered as a set of three‐level inverters connected in series. Each of them is controlled using the same SVPWM algorithm. The proposed modulation method reuses the H‐bridges with zero duty cycles determined in the initial stages of the output voltage generation process. This enables the optimal management of the DC‐link voltage distribution. The experimental research was carried out on a 600 kW/3.3 kV PET. The results are presented in this study.
Black hole mass estimates in quasars
Authors: Marziani P. , del Olmo A. , Martínez-Carballo M. A. , Martínez-Aldama M. L. , Stirpe G. M. , Negrete C. A. , Dultzin D. , D’Onofrio M. , Bon E. , Bon N. 
Published: May 2019

Context. The inter-line comparison between high- and low-ionization emission lines has yielded a wealth of information on the structure and dynamics of the quasar broad line region (BLR), including perhaps the earliest unambiguous evidence in favor of a disk + wind structure in radio-quiet quasars.
Aims. We carried out an analysis of the C IVλ1549 and Hβ line profiles of 28 Hamburg-ESO high-luminosity quasars and of 48 low-z, low-luminosity sources in order to test whether the width of the high-ionization line C IVλ1549 could be correlated with Hβ and be used as a virial broadening estimator.
Methods. We analyze intermediate- to high-S/N, moderate-resolution optical and near-infrared (NIR) spectra covering the redshifted C IVλ1549 and Hβ over a broad range of luminosity log L ∼ 44 − 48.5 [erg s−1] and redshift (0 − 3), following an approach based on the quasar main sequence.
Results. The present analysis indicates that the line width of C IVλ1549 is not immediately offering a virial broadening estimator equivalent to Hβ. At the same time a virialized part of the BLR appears to be preserved even at the highest luminosities. We suggest a correction to FWHM(C IVλ1549) for Eddington ratio (using the C IVλ1549 blueshift as a proxy) and luminosity effects that can be applied over more than four dex in luminosity.
Conclusions. Great care should be used in estimating high-L black hole masses MBH from C IVλ1549 line width. However, once a corrected FWHM C IVλ1549 is used, a C IVλ1549-based scaling law can yield unbiased MBH values with respect to the ones based on Hβ with sample standard deviation ≈0.3 dex.
Core-Collapse Supernova neutrino detection with KM3NeT
Authors: Molla Marta Colomer , Lincetto Massimiliano 
Published: May 2019

Core Collapse Supernovae (CCSNe) are explosive phenomena that may occur at the end of the life of massive stars, releasing over 99% of the energy through neutrino emission. While the explosion mechanism is not fully understood, neutrinos are believed to play an important role. The only detection as of today are the 24 neutrinos from SN1987A. The observation of the next Galactic CCSN will lead to important breakthroughs in astroparticle physics. For a Galactic CCSN, the KM3NeT ORCA and ARCA detectors in the Mediterranean Sea will observe a significant neutrino signal via the detection of Cherenkov light, mostly induced by Inverse Beta Decay interactions in sea water. The detection of coincident photons by the 31 photomultipliers of each KM3NeT digital optical module (DOM) allows for an efficient discrimination of the optical backgrounds.
The KM3NeT detection sensitivity to a Galactic CCSN and the potential to resolve the neutrino light-curve have been estimated relying on detailed Monte Carlo simulations. Specific criteria are proposed for the online triggering and the participation in the SNEWS network.
Varizenchirurgie: Belastender als andere
Verfahren?
Authors: Brunig Guido , Buhr Johanna 
Published: May 2019

ZusammenfassungSämtliche in der Varizenchirurgie angewandten Verfahren beherbergen Risiken. Die
Risiken der klassischen operativen Sanierung der Varikosis mittels Stripping
sind in der Literatur sehr ausführlich beschrieben.Bei den neueren therapeutischen Optionen, wie z. B. den endovenösen Therapien
oder der Schaumsklerosierung werden die möglichen Komplikationen erst in
jüngerer Zeit systematisch ausgewertet. Dementsprechend liegen derzeit im
Vergleich wenige Daten hierzu vor.Betrachtet man die Lebensqualität des Patienten in den neuesten Vergleichsstudien
und Metaanalysen, zeigt sich, dass perioperativ kaum Unterschiede in der
Mobilität, Mortalität und Lebensqualität des Patienten bei den unterschiedlichen
Therapieverfahren bestehen [1].Insgesamt ist davon auszugehen, dass die klassische operative Sanierung der
Varikosis mittels Crossektomie, Stripping und Miniphlebektomien im Vergleich zu
den endovenösen Therapieverfahren sowohl mit einem erhöhten Blutungsrisiko, also
auch mit einem erhöhten postoperativen Infektionsrisiko einhergeht.
Grundsätzlich ist das Blutungsrisiko, als auch das Infektionsrisiko jedoch auch
bei der Operation als niedrig einzuschätzen.Das perioperative Nervenverletzungsrisiko scheint bei beiden Verfahren ähnlich
häufig zu sein, wobei repräsentative Daten aus Vergleichsstudien fehlen.Das postoperative Thromboserisiko mit ggf. konsekutiver Lungenarterienembolie ist
unseres Erachtens nach bei den endovenösen Verfahren höher einzustufen als nach
einer klassischen operativen Sanierung der Varikosis.Kosmetisch beeinträchtigende, postinflammatorische Hyperpigmentierungen im
OP-Gebiet treten häufiger nach endovenösen Therapieverfahren und nach
Sklerosierungstherapien auf.
Ablative Techniques for Image-Guided Thermal Ablation
Authors: Krokidis Miltiadis , Hatzidakis Adam 
Published: May 2019

AbstractPercutaneous image-guided thermal ablation is an established form of treatment of small volume hepato-pancreatico-biliary (HPB) tumors with very satisfactory results over the last three decades. Purpose of this article is to offer a brief overview of the history of thermal ablation and the currently available technology that interventional radiologists have in their armamentarium to offer minimally invasive thermally for HPB cancer.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Single joint exercises do not provide benefits in performance and anthropometric changes in recreational bodybuilders
Authors: Barbalho Matheus , Coswig Victor , Raiol Rodolfo , Fisher James , Steele James , Bianco Antonino , Gentil Paulo 
Published: May 2019

We, the Editor‐in‐Chief and Publishers of the European Journal of Sport Science, retract the following article:Matheus Barbalho, Victor Coswig, Rodolfo Raiol, James Fisher, James Steele, Antonino Bianco, Paulo Gentil, ‘Single joint exercises do not provide benefits in performance and anthropometric changes in recreational bodybuilders’, European Journal of Sport Science, 20:1, 72‐79, DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2019.1611932Two authors of the original article (James Fisher, and James Steele) raised questions regarding the data integrity and requested that it be retracted. Following data concerns raised in the published White Paper below, an external statistical review was undertaken.Vigotsky, A. D., Nuckols, G. L., Fisher, J., Heathers, J., Krieger, J., Schoenfeld, B. J., Giessing, J., Steele, J. (2020, July 18). Improbable data patterns in the work of Barbalho et al. https://doi.org/10.31236/osf.io/sg3wmThe White Paper includes two authors who are also co‐authors of the above paper by Barbalho et al., published in the European Journal of Sport Science (James Fisher, and James Steele). We informed all of the authors, as well as the first author's institution, about these concerns, and invited them to respond. Having considered the evaluation report from the external review, as well as author and institutional responses, we find the data and findings in the article to be unreliable and invalid.All authors have been informed of our decision to retract this article. The authors James Fisher, James Steele, and Antonino Bianco wish to record their agreement with the decision to retract to be noted within this retraction statement.We have been informed in our decision‐making by our policy on publishing ethics and integrity and the guidance of COPE guidelines on retractions.The retracted article will remain online to maintain the scholarly record, but it will be digitally watermarked on each page as ‘Retracted’.
Local standard of rest based on Gaia DR2 catalog
Authors: Ding Ping-Jie , Zhu Zi , Liu Jia-Cheng 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The local standard of rest (LSR) provides a reference framework for studies of Galactic kinematics. Determination of the LSR corresponds to the measurement of solar peculiar motion, which is under debate due to the fact that different methods and samples have been used. Adopting the astrometric data and line-of-sight velocities of main sequence stars from Gaia DR2, we present a detailed analytical study of stellar kinematics in the solar neighborhood. Based on an improved version of the Strömberg relation, we obtain a robust estimation of the solar peculiar motion, which is given by (U
⊙, V
⊙, W
⊙) = (8.63±0.64, 4.76±0.49, 7.26±0.36) kms−1. The corresponding radial scalelength is yielded as Rd
∼ 2.5 kpc. The radial and vertical components of solar peculiar motion are basically consistent with the classical values, while the tangential component is a few km s−1 smaller than most estimates in literature.
CCD astrometric observations of 2017 VR12, Camillo and Midas
Authors: Zhang Zhen-Jun , Zhang Yi-Gong , Chen Xiang-Ming , Wang Jian-Cheng , Su Jie 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
We have observed three near-Earth objects (NEOs), 2017 VR12, Camillo and Midas, during 2018. The observations were made with the 1-m telescope, operated by Yunnan Observatories, over two nights. Their precise astrometric positions are derived from 989 CCD observations. The theoretical positions of asteroids are retrieved from the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) Horizons System and Institut de Mécanique Céleste et de Calcul des Éphémérides (IMCCE). The positions of three asteroids are measured with respect to stars in the Gaia DR2 star catalog. For 2017 VR12, the means (O−C) of right ascension and declination are −0.090′′ and −0.623′′ respectively based on the published JPL ephemeris, but the correspondingmeans (O − C) are 3.122′′ and −0.636′′ based on the published IMCCE ephemeris. The great difference in declination could be explained by several factors. (1) The degraded CCD images caused by the fast apparent motion of the objects lead to a reduction in positioning accuracy. (2) The poor timing system may introduce systematic errors, especially in the high speed direction. (3) The asteroid may be perturbed by Earth when it approaches the Earth too closely. These astrometric results demonstrate that the centroid centering method can reduce the dispersion of non-Gaussian images as compared with the PSF modeling method. For Camillo and Midas, the astrometric results are consistent based on the two ephemerides. Implementing a high-precision timing system, and analyzing some astronomical effects and geometric distortions in CCD images should be carefully considered in future works.
Do alternative irrigation strategies for rice cultivation decrease water footprints at the cost of long-term soil health?
Authors: Livsey John , Kätterer Thomas , Vico Giulia , Lyon Steve W , Lindborg Regina , Scaini Anna , Da Chau Thi , Manzoni Stefano 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The availability of water is a growing concern for flooded rice production. As such, several water-saving irrigation practices have been developed to reduce water requirements. Alternate wetting and drying and mid-season drainage have been shown to potentially reduce water requirements while maintaining rice yields when compared to continuous flooding. With the removal of permanently anaerobic conditions during the growing season, water-saving irrigation can also reduce CO2 equivalent (CO2eq) emissions, helping reduce the impact of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, the long-term impact of water-saving irrigation on soil organic carbon (SOC)—used here as an indicator of soil health and fertility—has not been explored. We therefore conducted a meta-analysis to assess the effects of common water-saving irrigation practices (alternate wetting and drying and mid-season drainage) on (i) SOC, and (ii) GHG emissions. Despite an extensive literature search, only 12 studies were found containing data to constrain the soil C balance in both continuous flooding and water-saving irrigation plots, highlighting the still limited understanding of long-term impacts of water-saving irrigation on soil health and GHG emissions. Water-saving irrigation was found to reduce emissions of CH4 by 52.3% and increased those of CO2 by 44.8%. CO2eq emissions were thereby reduced by 18.6% but the soil-to-atmosphere carbon (C) flux increased by 25% when compared to continuous flooding. Water-saving irrigation was also found to have a negative effect on both SOC—reducing concentrations by 5.2%—and soil organic nitrogen—potentially depleting stocks by more than 100 kg N/ha per year. While negative effects of water-saving irrigation on rice yield may not be visible in short-term experiments, care should be taken when assessing the long-term sustainability of these irrigation practices because they can decrease soil fertility. Strategies need to be developed for assessing the more long-term effects of these irrigation practices by considering trade-offs between water savings and other ecosystem services.