bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Subtyping of non-small cell lung cancer by cytology specimens: A proposal for resource-poor hospitals
Authors: Celik Betul , Bulut Tangul , Khoor Andras 
Published: April 2019

Aim:Cancer diagnosis and treatment depend on pathology reports but naming a cancer is sometimes impossible without specialized techniques. We aimed to evaluate the sensitivity of cytological sub-classification of non-small cell lung carcinoma, not otherwise specified group (NSCLC-NOS) into Adenocarcinoma (AC) and Squamous cell carcinoma (SqCC) without using immunohistochemistry.Methods:Endobronchial ultrasound guided fine-needle aspiration biopsies and cytology slides diagnosed as NSCLC-NOS between 2004- 2008 were reviewed retrospectively. The final diagnosis was reached by immunohistochemistry (TTF-1, p63) when necessary.Results:One hundred-twenty nine cases were retrieved. The final diagnoses were as follows: SqCC: 30.3%; AC: 65.7%; combined tumor (3 adenosquamous and 1 small cell + SqCC): 4%. Cytological diagnoses rendered were as follow: Definitely SqCC: 10.1%; favor SqCC: 14.1%; definitely AC: 38.4%; favor AC: 35.4%; NSCLC-NOS: 2%. The sensitivity and specificity of cytology were 86.3 and 87.5% for AC diagnosis respectively.Conclusion:Positive and negative predictive value of cytology was 95.3% and it was even 100% for well to moderately differentiated tumors. There was a tendency to sub-classify poorly differentiated SqCC as AC. Papanicolaou stain increased the diagnostic accuracy of SqCC. The combined tumor rate was 4% and after recognizing a tumor component, the second component was missed if the slide examination was terminated prematurely.
Comparative analysis of virulence factors & biotypes of Gardnerella vaginalis isolated from the genital tract of women with & without bacterial vaginosis
Authors: Nisha Kumari , Antony Beena , Udayalaxmi Jeppu 
Published: April 2019

Background & objectives:
Bacterial vaginosis (BV) involves the presence of a thick vaginal multispecies biofilm, where Gardnerella vaginalis is the predominant species. The reason for an increase in the number of G. vaginalis which are usually present as normal flora of the female genital tract in cases of BV, is not known. Hence, the objective of the present study was to compare the biotypes and virulence factors of G. vaginalis isolated from the genital tract of women with and without BV.

Methods:
High vaginal swabs collected from 811 women of reproductive age were cultured. G. vaginalis isolates were biotyped and tested for adherence to vaginal epithelial cells, biofilm formation, agglutination of human red blood cells (RBCs), protease production, phospholipase production and surface hydrophobicity.

Results:
Of the isolates from women with BV, 83.3 per cent (60/72) showed good adherence, 78.4 per cent (58/74) produced biofilm, 82.9 per cent (63/76) produced phospholipase, 67.1 per cent (51/76) produced protease, 77.3 per cent (58/75) were positive for surface hydrophobicity and 61.6 per cent (45/73) were positive for haemagglutination of human RBC. In case of G. vaginalis from non-BV women, 25 per cent (15/60) isolates showed good adherence, 18.4 per cent (9/49) biofilm production, 35 per cent (21/60) phospholipase, 36.6 per cent (22/60) protease, 41.7 per cent (25/60) surface hydrophobicity and 10.1 per cent (6/59) agglutination of human RBCs. Maximum number of isolates belonged to biotypes 6, 2 and 3. Biotype 3 was more associated with non-BV rather than BV; biotype 6, 2 and 1 were more associated with cases of BV. Maximum virulence factors were expressed by biotypes 6, 2 and 1.

Interpretation & conclusions:
Virulence factors were more expressed by G. vaginalis isolates obtained from women with BV rather than from non-BV. Biotypes 6, 2 and 1 were more associated with cases of BV and expressed maximum virulence factors.
Comparative study of alloimmunization against red cell antigens in sickle cell disease & thalassaemia major patients on regular red cell transfusion
Authors: Jariwala Keyuri , Mishra Kanchan , Ghosh Kanjaksha 
Published: April 2019

Background & objectives:
Sickle cell disease (SCD) patients require red cell transfusion during different clinical complications of the disease. Such patients are at a high risk for developing alloantibody against red cell antigens. From India, there are limited data available on alloantibody formation in multiply transfused SCD patients. The present study was thus undertaken to fill up this lacunae by looking at the development of red cell alloantibodies in SCD and β-thalassaemia patients on regular transfusion.

Methods:
All sickle cell disease patients undergoing red cell transfusion between 2008 and 2016, were included. During this period, a large number of β-thalassaemia major patients also underwent regular red cell transfusion. These thalassaemia patients were also included to compare the tendency of antibody formation between SCD and β-thalassaemia major patients. All patients before regular transfusion were regularly assessed for the development of red cell antibody. Red cell antigen, antibody screen crossmatch and antibody identification were done using the standard technique.

Results:
A total of 138 patients with SCD aged between 4 and 53 yr (mean 17.6 yr) consisting of 83 males and 55 females (male:female, 1.5:1) along with 333 transfusion-dependent β-thalassaemia patients were studied. Over the last eight years, 15 patients with SCD and four patients with thalassaemia developed alloantibody (P<0.001). Antibody specificity of their alloantibodies was against Rhc, RhE, Kell, Fya and Fyb only. Sickle cell disease patients with and without alloantibody required on the average 11.8 and 8.6 units of red cell concentrate, respectively (P<0.05).

Interpretation & conclusions:
About 11 per cent of the transfused sickle cells patients developed alloantibodies. The antibody specificity was restricted to Rh, Kell and Duffy blood group systems. Extended antigen matching involving Rh, Kell and Duffy antigens may prevent alloantibody in such patients.
Música e movimento no berçário: potencializando o desenvolvimento integral
Authors: Tolocka Rute Estanislava , Freire Siqueira Kelly Cristina , Mendes Renato , De Lima Mayara Mascarenhas 
Published: April 2019

Há pouca prática de atividades motoras sistematizadas em classes de berçário. Objetivou-se implantar um programa de atividade motora com música para bebês. Foi realizada uma pesquisa-ação, em uma classe de berçário com seis bebês, seus respectivos pais e professores, em duas temáticas: imitação de animais e exploração de materiais. Observou-se que os bebês realizaram habilidades motoras básicas que possibilitaram expressões de diferentes ritmos musicais, imitação de animais e expressão de emoções e estimulação de diferentes vias sensoriais; houve bom entrosamento entre professores, pais e pesquisadores. Considera-se, assim, que atividades com música podem ser empregadas em classes de berçário para oportunizar vivências motoras de forma lúdica, as quais são importantes para o desenvolvimento integral.
Validation of the Grammaticality Judgment Test of Korean Passive Expressions Through Exploratory Factor Analysis
Authors: Kim Hojung , Lee Wonki 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACT
This research project implemented an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) of the construct validity of a grammaticality judgment test (GJT) as a tool to measure Korean language learners' grammatical knowledge. Focusing on passive expressions in Korean, we developed two distinctive tools for implicit and explicit knowledge, along with three types of GJTs with different variables of time, modality, and stimuli. The EFA with two latent variables was implemented to examine how the test types would be grouped according to components. The results revealed that ungrammatical and grammatical sentences in each test converge to different factors, suggesting that the measurement of the learner's knowledge type may depend on grammaticality of stimuli. The results highlight the importance of carefully controlling the grammaticality of sentences as a factor in designing GJTs.
Generasi Z pada Pemilihan Gubernur Jawa Barat: Bagaimana Mereka Berperilaku dengan Informasi
Authors: Fadhli Rahmat , Nurlidia Raden Fasha , Syam Rifqi Zaeni Achmad 
Published: April 2019

<p class="Abstract">Pada pemilihan umum tahun 2018, generasi Z akan menjadi pemilih pemula yang akan menggunakan hak pilihnya. Berdasarkan data Komisi Pemilihan Umum tahun 2018 menyebutkan pemilih pemula di Jawa Barat mencapai 30% dari total pemilih. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan perilaku pencarian informasi generasi Z pada Pemilihan Umum Gubernur Jawa Barat 2018. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus. Terdapat lima siswa SMA yang akan menjadi informan pada penelitian ini dan teknik pengambilan menggunakan teknik <em>purposive sampling</em>. Hasil penelitian ini yakni terdapat karakteristik kebutuhan informasi generasi Z dalam konteks prosedur pemilu, profil pasangan calon gubernur, kegiatan kampanye, serta program yang ditawarkan. Frekuensi kebutuhan informasi cenderung rendah dan tidak terprediksi. Sumber informasi yang digunakan cenderung menggunakan sumber online melalui media sosial dan media massa online, tapi juga mendapatkan informasi lain seperti televisi, koran, sharing dengan teman, orangtua dan keluarga. Pada aspek kesadaran atau pemahaman terhadap sumber informasi, faktor kebiasaan, kemasan informasi, harga dan aksesibilitas informasi mempengaruhi perilaku kebutuhan informasi generasi Z tapi mereka memiliki kendala untuk menilai kualitas informasi. Hal ini membuat generasi Z mudah menerima informasi <em>hoax</em> atau terprovokasi pada media sosial seperti Facebook, Instagram, Youtube dan Twitter.</p><p class="Abstract"> </p>
A Scale to Measure Farmers’ Risk Perceptions about Climate Change and Its Impact on Agriculture
Authors: Raghuvanshi Rupan , Ansari Mohammad Aslam 
Published: April 2019

Climate change has emerged as one of the key determinants of agricultural productivity. Risks perceptions of farmers’ towards climate change and its impact on agriculture are said to be a strong predictor of their behavioural intentions to climate change mitigation and adaptation strategies. Consequently, measuring farmers’ perception about risks associated with climate change is of paramount importance and needs to be studied so that appropriate adaptation measures could be undertaken to mitigate the productivity losses. The present study was an attempt to develop a scale to measure the farmers risk perception about climate change which could be used by researchers. Likert’s summated rating technique was followed for the construction of perception scale. The process started with selection of 30 statements on the bases of Mean Relevancy Weightage (MRW) scores; and the statements were given to 30 farmers in four purposively selected villages (based on their degree of vulnerability to climate change as determined by a State government Report) in Kumaon division Uttarakhand, a North Himalayan state of India which is perennially susceptible to climate change risks and uncertainties. The scale developed finally consisted of 20 statements. The reliability and validity of the scale was computed to find out the precision and consistency of the results. This scale will be useful for researchers and academicians studying farmers’ perceptions towards climate change and its impact on agriculture. It would also be useful for policy makers for developing risk management strategies.
Fournier's Gangrene: From Diagnosis to Reconstruction
Authors: Rafik Amine , Taqafi Samira , Diouri Mounia , Bahechar Naima , Chlihi Abdessamad , Halfya Ayoub , Elmourtaji Khalid , Rabii Redouane , Meziane Fethi 
Published: April 2019

Fournier gangrene (FG) is an acute and potentially fatal infection of the scrotum, perineum, and abdominal wall. It is characterized by necrotizing fasciitis with loss of subcutaneous tissue and skin. Although originally thought to be an idiopathic process, FG has been shown to have a predilection for patients with diabetes as well as long-term alcohol misuse; however, it can also affect patients with non‐obvious immune compromise. Twenty patients were admitted to our hospital with the diagnosis of Fournier gangrene, between 1 January 2011 to January 2013.
The epidemiological characteristics, evolution and treatment modalities were reviewed. Early surgical debridement of necrotic tissues and antibiotics are fundamental in the treatment of FG. Scrotal reconstruction with skin grafts or flaps is fundamental to improve the quality of life and provides social reinsertion.
Sexual Assault of Nigerian Female Adolescents: A Review of the Trend and Effects
Authors: Eyong E. M. , Emechebe C. I. 
Published: April 2019

Introduction: Adolescent sexual assault is a huge public health problem with physical, reproductive health and psycho-social consequences.
Methods: A literature review was carried out on its prevalence, forms, risk factors and effects using multiple databases, namely MEDLINE, Web of Science Core Collection, and Google Scholar Google search. Additional information was from medical textbooks and journals.
Results: The estimated prevalence of sexual aggression among adolescents varied widely in different studies in Nigeria, ranging from 6 to 74%. Broad variation may be due to different incident reporting rates at multiple locations.
Conclusion: The solution to this problem involves the mobilization and active co-operation of all stakeholders in the society such as parents, guardians, teachers, non-governmental organizations, religious leaders, political leaders and government. Sex education should be given at home, school and other settings to both males and from other formal sources.
Analysis of Mutational Spectra in Metastatic Colorectal Carcinoma: KRAS as an Indicator of Oxaliplatin-Based Chemotherapy
Authors: Chang Chu-Cheng , Lin Jen-Kou , Lin Tzu-Chen , Chen Wei-Shone , Jiang Jeng-Kai , Yang Shung-Haur , Wang Huann-Sheng , Lan Yuan-Tzu , Lin Chun-Chi , Chang Shih-Ching 
Published: April 2019

Objective:
Mutation spectra in colorectal cancer with metastasis and its response to chemotherapy.

Summary of Background Data:
No molecular markers are available for selecting the optimal chemotherapeutic regimen (irinotecan or oxaliplatin) for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC).

Methods:
We enrolled 161 mCRC patients who underwent surgery for their primary tumors at Taipei Veterans General Hospital from 2004 to 2010. The prevalence of gene mutations was measured and correlated with responses to different cytotoxic agents.

Results:
We detected 1,836 mutations in 12 genes. KRAS mutants affected 44.3% of the tumors. The rate of good response was insignificantly higher for patients with KRAS mutant tumors who received oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy compared with patients with KRAS wild-type tumors (65.6% versus 47.0%; P = 0.15). For patients who received irinotecan-based chemotherapy, the rate of good response was similar in patients with wild-type (55.0%; n = 11) and those with KRAS mutant tumors (54.5%; n = 12; P = 1). In patients with KRAS mutant tumors treated with an oxaliplatin-based regimen, the overall survival was 38.5 months (95% CI: 26.6–50.5 months), which was insignificantly better than that for patients treated with an irinotecan-based regimen (30.4 months; 95% CI: 15.8–45.1 months; P = 0.206).

Conclusions:
Our data could not come to the conclusion that patient with KRAS mutation mCRC may have better response with oxaliplatin-based first-line chemotherapy. Further study is needed to confirm the relationship between gene mutation and chemotherapy response.
Rectal Cancer With Distally Spreading Intramural Metastasis: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Yanagisawa Kiminori , Takahashi Hidekazu , Miyoshi Norikatsu , Haraguchi Naotsugu , Nishimura Junichi , Hata Taishi , Matsuda Chu , Yamamoto Hirofumi , Mizushima Tsunekazu , Doki Yuichiro , Mori Masaki 
Published: April 2019

Introduction:
Intramural metastasis (IM) is common in esophageal cancer, and it is an important factor in determining the resection area and tumor malignancy. However, IM is rare in rectal cancer; therefore, little is known about IM in rectal cancer, and the clinical significance remains unclear.

Case Presentation:
We describe a case of rectal cancer with distally spreading IM. A 58-year-old man consulted a primary care physician, with a chief complaint of constipation; tests revealed a high carcinoembryonic antigen value. A colonoscopy revealed a type 2, advanced rectal tumor, which covered two-thirds of the circumference of the upper rectum. In addition, 3 protruding lesions were observed under the normal mucosa on the anal side of the primary tumor. A laparoscopic low anterior resection was performed. Pathologic findings showed that the primary tumor was a moderate-to-well-differentiated adenocarcinoma with a cribriform structure. The 3 lesions on the anal side found under normal mucosa were separate from the primary tumor, but morphologically similar to the primary adenocarcinoma; therefore, these were diagnosed as IMs. Based on a review of previous case reports, rectal carcinomas were often accompanied by vascular invasions and lymph-node metastases. Moreover, in rectal cancer, tumors with IMs often show vascular invasion. Therefore, we assumed that IM could be a marker of poor prognosis.

Conclusion:
This study revealed that, in surgery, detection of a distally spreading IM is an important finding for determining the optimal surgical resection margin.
THE VIEWS OF THE TOURISM VILLAGE MANAGERS ON THE GREEN EVENT CONCEPT IN BALI
Authors: Dwiatmadja Christantius , Astawa I Putu , Sukawati Tjokorda Gde Raka 
Published: April 2019

Green event remains an issue under debate in the effort to support sustainable tourism today, because the result of the previous research has not found a standard model for the implementation of the green event concept. This research describes the views of the village tourism managers on the green event model developed by the Bali State Polytechnic. Green events are developed on the basis of two aspects: green and cultural aspects. Data were collected through questionnaires sent by email and by post to village tourism managers. There are a hundred tourist villages planned to be developed in Bali and all are made research samples. The collected data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics. The results of the study indicate that the understanding of green aspects includes green foods, waste management, natural materials, and ecosystem is averagedly quite good. The result of the analysis from the cultural aspect is very good, meaning that the culture practised by the community gives a strong impetus to keep the environment sustainable so that the harmonious relationship with nature, humans, and God is maintained through the activities in Tourism Villages. Other results indicate that an understanding related to the ecosystem, the green food, and the waste management needs a special attention to further improve understanding. Green event as an alternative product in supporting the tourist village is very much expected by the managers that will further be synergized with the existing culture. The combination of both green event and existing culture is quite unique and will constantly keep the concept of sustainable tourism. These findings give a contribution to the theory of green tourism or sustainable tourism which is built upon the event and based on the blend of modern and traditional concepts. Keywords: green event, sustainable tourism, tourism village, culture
BRAND IMAGE, CUSTOMER SATISFACTION DAN CUSTOMER LOYALTY JARINGAN SUPERMARKET SUPERINDO DI SURABAYA
Authors: Semuel Hatane , Wibisono Julian 
Published: April 2019

Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh Brand Image pada Kepuasan Pelanggan dan Loyalitas Pelanggan pada Supermarket Superindo di Surabaya. Unit analisis adalah pelanggan Supermarket Superindo. Penelitian menggunakan 100 responden pelanggan dengan umur lebih besar atau sama dengan 18 tahun, dan pernah berbelanja dalam tiga bulan terakhir pada salah satu supermarket Superindo di Surabaya. Sampel dipilih dengan metode non probability sampling melalui online dengan menggunakan google form. Analisis data menggunakan Partial Least Squares (PLS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Citra Merek berpengaruh positif secara langsung kepada Loyalitas Pelanggan, juga Citra Merek berpengaruh terhadap Kepuasan Pelanggan. Selanjutnya Kepuasan Pelanggan berpengaruh positif terhadap Loyalitas Pelanggan, serta penelitian ini membuktikan juga bahwa Kepuasan Pelanggan dapat merupakan mediasi antara pengaruh Citra Merek terhadap Loyalitas Pelanggan
Dual‐ and Multi‐Frequency Microstrip Antennas
Authors: Lee K.F. , Luk K.M. , Shum Y.H. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractA number of techniques for dual‐band or multiband operation of microstrip antennas are available in the literature. This article introduces the operation principles and design guidelines of several popular methods, including the multimode‐operated patch, stub‐loaded patch, slot‐loaded patch, stacked patch, and coplanar patch antenna. Their relative performances are compared both theoretically and experimentally. One important purpose of the article is to provide physical insight to readers for further development of multiband microstrip antennas, which are attractive for modern wireless applications.
Microstrip Antennas, Broadband
Authors: Luk K. M. , Mak C. L. , Chair R. , Wong H. , Lee K. F. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWith <1% in bandwidth, the first microstrip patch antenna has limited applications, mainly for defense purposes. With tremendous effort dedicated to the bandwidth enhancement of microstrip antennas, they are now becoming the most popular antennas selected for modern wireless communications. This article collects different approaches for enhancing the bandwidth of microstrip antennas, including the stacked‐patch, U‐slot patch, and L‐probe coupling techniques. Emphasis is placed on the L‐probe technique, which is demonstrated to be attractive for the development of wideband dual‐polarized patch antennas, and wideband miniature patch antennas for state‐of‐the‐art mobile communications. Throughout the article, design guidelines and principles of operation for most of the designs are highlighted.