bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rhynchonelliform brachiopods and trilobites of the ‘upper dark interval’ in the koněprusy area (Devonian, Eifelian, Kačák Event; the Czech Republic)
Authors: Mergl Michal , Budil Petr 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The dark pelbiodetrital limestone beds of the ‘upper dark interval’ in the Koněprusy area, Central Bohemia, the Czech Republic, the assumed manifestation of the Kačák Event in this area, yielded a moderately diverse faunule of rhynchonelliform brachiopods and trilobites. In total, 15 species have been recognized (13 brachiopods and 2 trilobites), but the majority of them are only tentatively determined to generic level due to fragmentation, rarity or poor preservation. Brachiopod genera Leptaenopyxis, Protodouvillina, Douvillinella, Holynetes, Poloniproductus, Iridistrophia, Mystrophora, Pentamerella, Quasidavidsonia, Carinatina, Mimatrypa, Leptathyris, Eoreticularia and a single trilobite Astycoryphe were determined. The mode of preservation indicates transport of skeletal bioclasts from shallower parts of the basin and their fragmentation in debris flows together with fragments of terrestrial plants, crinoid detritus and numerous pelagic fossils, especially the dacryoconarid Nowakia ex gr. otomari. Associated conodonts (as well as trilobites) indicate a late Eifelian age for the fauna (Polygnathus ensensis Zone).
The bivalve Cuneamya from the Late Ordovician of Bohemia
Authors: Polechová Marika 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The bivalve species Cuneamya catilloides from the Late Ordovician of Bohemia, previously assigned to the genus Grammysia, is revised. Cuneamya catilloides is an important element of the Modiolopsis Community Group in the Letná Formation. The genus Grammysia very probably does not occur in the Ordovician of Bohemia and is restricted to the Silurian and Devonian strata. Cuneamya catilloides with strong commarginal costae was probably an infaunal filter feeder. Cuneamya is a cosmopolitan genus, occurring on Avalonia, Baltica, Laurentia, Perunica and West Gondwana.
Thickness and tensile stress determination of black silicon layers by spectral reflectance and Raman scattering
Authors: Králik Martin , Jurečka Stanislav , Pinčík Emil 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In this work black silicon (b-Si) samples were prepared by anodic (electrochemical) etching of p-type silicon substrate in solution of hydrofluoric acid (HF). We studied influence of anodic etching conditions (etching time, electrical potential and current) on the spectral reflectance and Raman scattering spectra. Optical properties of b-Si structures were experimentally studied by UV-VIS (AvaSpec-2048) and Raman (Thermo DXR Raman) spectrometers. B-Si layer thickness of formed substrate were determined by using SCOUT software. Effective medium approximation theory (Looyenga) was used in construction of the reflectance model. Influence of the deformation of crystal lattice introduced during the substrate etching was studied by Raman scattering method. Teoretical model of the 1st order Raman scattering profile was constructed by using pseudo-Voigt function and the profile parameters were extracted. The values of biaxial tensile stress were estimated by using optimized Raman profile parameters.
Meyer-Neldel rule in the conductivity of phase separated manganites
Authors: Przybytek Jacek , Markovich Vladimir , Jung Grzegorz 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Meyer-Neldel behaviour of the conductivity of phase separated La1−xCaxMnO3 manganite system in the low Ca-doping range has been investigated. Evolution of the isokinetic temperature of the conductivity, modified by Ca-doping, hydrostatic pressure and current bias has been determined. In addition, the evolution of the isokinetic temperature with ageing has also been studied. It is found that the Meyer-Neldel behaviour of the manganite system stems from multi-excitation entropy mechanism. The isokinetic temperatures estimated from pressure and doping effects coincide but differ from those determined using current and ageing controlled conductivity changes. It is concluded that in the presence of a detailed theoretical model of the excitations coupling in manganites, the investigations of the Meyer-Neldel effect may became a powerful tool for characterization and investigation of transport mechanisms in phase separated manganites.
Superconducting properties of very high quality NbN thin films grown by pulsed laser deposition
Authors: Volkov Serhii , Gregor Maros , Roch Tomas , Satrapinskyy Leonid , Grančič Branislav , Fiantok Tomas , Plecenik Andrej 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In this work, we study the effect of the various substrates on the growth and superconducting properties of NbN thin films grown by using pulsed laser ablation in a N2 + 1%H2 atmosphere on MgO, Al2O3 and Si substrates. Structural and superconducting analyses of the films demonstrate that using MgO and Al2O3 substrates can significantly improve the film properties compared to Si substrate. The X-ray diffraction data indicate that MgO and Al2O3 substrates produce highly oriented superconducting NbN films with large coherent domain size in the out-of plane direction on the order of layer thickness and with a superconducting transition temperature of 13.1 K and 15.2 K, respectively. On the other hand, the NbN film grown on the Si substrate exhibits random polycrystalline orientation. Together with the smallest coherent domain size it leads to the lower critical temperature of 8.3 K. Finally, by using a passivation surface layer we are able to improve superconducting properties of NbN thin film and we observe superconducting transition temperature 16.6 K, the one of the highest value reported so far for 50 nm thick NbN film on sapphire.
Reluctance and willingness for organ donation after death among the Slovene general population
Authors: Berzelak Nejc , Avsec Danica , Kamin Tanja 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Introduction
The paper presents the findings of the first large-scale survey on post-mortem organ donation among the general Slovenian population. It focuses on the reported donation willingness, the barriers to joining the register of organ donors and the position towards consent to donate organs of deceased relatives.

Methods
A face-to-face survey was conducted on a probability sample of 1,076 Slovenian residents between October and December 2017. The performed analyses included estimations of means and proportions for target variables, an evaluation of between-group differences and a partial proportional odds model to study the relations between organ donation willingness and socio-demographic characteristics.

Results
The mean reported willingness to donate one’s own organs after death was 3.77 on a 5-point scale, with less than a third of respondents claiming to be certainly willing. Only 6% of those at least tentatively willing to donate organs were certain to join the register of organ donors in the future. The most frequently reported barriers to registration were unfamiliarity with the procedure and a lack of considering it beforehand. The reported willingness to donate organs of a deceased relative strongly depended on the knowledge of the relative’s wishes, yet 80% of the respondents did not discuss their wishes with any family members.

Conclusions
The findings confirm the gap between the reported donation willingness and joining the register of donors. Future post-mortem organ donation strategies need to consider socio-demographic and attitudinal factors of donation willingness and help stimulate the communication about organ donation wishes between family members.
Hospital volunteering experiences suggest that new policies are needed to promote their integration in daily care: Findings from a qualitative study
Authors: Gonella Silvia , Canzan Federica , Larghero Enrico , Ambrosi Elisa , Palese Alvisa , Dimonte Valerio 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Objective
To explore Hospital Volunteers’ (HVs) motivations and experiences, as well as the strategies they adopt to overcome challenging situations during volunteering and the needs they perceive.

Methods
Eleven Italian HVs were purposively approached between January and July 2016, using face-to-face semi-structured interviews. The interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using the descriptive phenomenological approach.

Results
Hospital volunteering emerged as a complex experience characterised by five themes: (a) becoming a volunteer; (b) developing skills; (c) experiencing conflicting emotions; (d) overcoming role difficulties by enacting different resources and strategies; and (e) addressing emerging needs.

Conclusions
According to the findings, hospital policies aimed at promoting volunteer integration in daily care are needed and should be based on (a) a shared vision between the hospital and the volunteer associations regarding the HVs’ role and skills; (b) the development of integrated models of care combining different workforces (i.e. professionals and volunteer staff); (c) appropriate training of HVs at baseline; (d) individualised continuous education pathways aimed at supporting HVs both emotionally and in the development of the required skills; and (e) tailored education that is directed to health-care staff aimed at helping them to value the service provided by HVs.
Status Identitas dan Toleransi Beragama pada Remaja
Authors: Untoro Vinaya , Putri Maharani Ardi 
Published: October 2019

Previous research which found that adolescent tend to involve in radicalism make interesting to find out the relationship between identity status and religious tolerance in adolescence. This research involved 157 participants whose ages ranged from 11 to 24 years. The variable of identity status was conceptualized based on Erikson’s exploration and commitment aspects, and was measured using Ego Identity Process Questionnaire (EIPQ). Meanwhile, religious tolerance was measured using a rating scale adapted from van der Walt’s religious tolerance scale. This study found negative relationship between commitment and religious tolerance, and there is no a relationship between exploration and religious tolerance. From four identity status tested, it is found that most participants are in the category of identity diffusion which means that most participants have no specific commitment and interest in ideology. The result also shows that identity moratorium has the highest mean in religious tolerance, and it is found significantly different with identity achievement and identity foreclosure. Based on the commitment aspect, participants with achievement and foreclosure identity status tend to be religiously intolerance, while those with identity moratorium are found most open to the others’ worldviews.Keywords: Identity status, religious tolerance, adolescentAbstrak: Adanya survei yang menunjukkan besarnya kecenderungan remaja untuk melakukan tindakan radikalisme melandasi dilakukannya penelitian ini yang bertujuan untuk melihat korelasi antara status identitas dan toleransi beragama pada remaja. Responden pada penelitian ini sebanyak 157 remaja dengan rentang usia 11-24 tahun, yang dimasukkan dalam 4 kategori status identitas. Status identitas diukur dengan menggunakan dua kriteria utama pembentukan identitas dari Erikson, yaitu exploration dan commitment, serta diukur menggunakan skala Ego Identity Process Questionnaire (EIPQ). Toleransi beragama diukur menggunakan skala toleransi agama yang diadaptasi dari skala yang disusun van der Walt. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan negatif antara dimensi komitmen dengan toleransi beragama, sedangkan dimensi eksplorasi dengan toleransi beragama tidak terbukti berhubungan. Hasil uji terhadap 4 kategori status identitas menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar partisipan berada dalam kategori identitas diffusion yang berarti tidak memiliki komitmen ideologis. Selain itu, identity moratorium memiliki rerata yang paling tinggi dalam toleransi beragama dan berbeda signifikan dengan identity achievement dan identity foreclosure. Berdasarkan pada tingginya dimensi komitmen dan karakteristik masing-masing kategori status identitas, identity achieve-ment dan identity foreclosure merupakan kategori yang memiliki kecenderungan untuk bersikap intoleran, sedangkan identity moratorium masih memiliki keterbukaan terhadap perbedaan agama atau ideologi.
PENERAPAN STRATEGI KEKUATAN DAN PELUANG USAHA DALAM UPAYA MENINGKATKAN VOLUME PENJUALAN BERAS MEDIUM
Authors: Handayati Ratna , Susanti Ike 
Published: October 2019

Pertumbuhan ekonomi di Indonesia mendorong tumbuh kembangnya sektor industri dan perdagangan. Hal ini menimbulkan dampak persaingan yang ketat bagi perusahaan dalam kegiatan pemasaran. Sebagai perusahaan yang bergerak dalam bidang pemenuhan kebutuhan pokok di lingkungan masyarakat, perusahaan mempunyai tujuan ingin meningkatkan volume penjualannyan. Hasil yang ingin dicapai dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisisa dan menerapkan faktor kekuatan dan peluang yang dapat digunakan oleh perusahaan untuk menetapkan strategi pemasaran tepat guna dengan mempertahankan mutu atau kualitas produk agar konsumen tetap memilih beras medium dibandingkan beras premium Serta metode pendekatan Antara pemasok (petani) dengan pengusaha penggilingan padi.
Derin Sinir Ağları ile En İyi Modelin Belirlenmesi: Mantar Verileri Üzerine Keras Uygulaması
Authors: SER Gazel , BATİ Cafer Tayyar 
Published: October 2019

Bu
çalışma, derin sinir ağlarında en iyi sınıflandırma modelini bulmak amacıyla
gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu amaçla, optimizasyon yöntemi (Sgd,
Adagrad, Rmsprop, Adam ve Nadam), aktivasyon fonksiyonu (Tanh
ve ReLU) ve nöron sayılarının kombinasyonları kullanılarak 20 farklı model
oluşturulmuştur. Oluşturulan model kombinasyonlarının performansları
karşılaştırılarak, sınıflandırma için en iyi model belirlenmiştir. Sonuçlara
göre; modellerin performanslarının parametrelere bağlı olarak değişkenlik
gösterdiği, en başarılı modelin gizli katmanında 64 nöron bulunduğu, aktivasyon
fonksiyonunun ReLU olduğu ve optimizasyon yöntemi olarak da Rmsprop
kullanıldığı belirlenmiştir (%92 doğruluk).
Bununla beraber, en düşük başarı oranıyla sınıflandırma yapan modelin 32
nöronlu, ReLU aktivasyon fonksiyonlu ve Sgd optimizasyon yöntemli model olduğu
belirlenmiştir (% 70 doğruluk). Ayrıca tüm sonuçlar göz önüne alındığında;
Rmsprop, Adam ve Nadam optimizasyon yöntemlerinin diğer iki yönteme göre, ReLU
aktivasyon fonksiyonunun ise Tanh’a göre daha başarılı olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Sonuç olarak derin öğrenme çalışmalarında model
oluşturulurken; optimizasyon algoritmalarının, aktivasyon
fonksiyonlarının ve nöron sayılarının farklı seçeneklerine göre model
performanslarını denemek mümkündür. Ayrıca oluşturulan modelde, optimizasyon
yöntemlerinin farklı parametrelerinin kombinasyonlarıyla çalışıldığında, veri setine daha uygun mimari elde edilmektedir.
Too Much of a Good Thing: High T Cell Count Can Kill Newborns
Authors: Bustos Angelina , Xu Lai , Dunsmore Garett , Elahi Shokrollah 
Published: October 2019

Neonates have a weakened immune system that could be due to low exposure to pathogens resulting in low adaptive immunity and/or purposeful immune suppression to protect the weak neonate from a robust immune response. The purpose of this project is to find preliminary data to further investigate why the immune system of neonates are weaker, and to possibly improve neonatal immunity while protecting against a powerful immune response in the future. Using processed mice spleen cells that were stained for CD4 and CD8 to be subjected to flow cytometry, an increase in the percent of helper CD4 and killer CD8 T cells were observed as the mice aged. This indicates that neonates do have a weaker immune system. Between healthy mice and mice infected with either Bordetella pertussis or Listeria, a decrease in the percent of CD4 and CD8 T cells were found, which could be because not enough time had passed for an adaptive immune response.
Sickle cell disease in African immigrant children: A scoping review
Authors: Zahoni Ziad , Salami Bukola , Kariwo Micheal , Fernandez-Sánchez Higinio 
Published: October 2019

Despite the research on African-America parents, children and families who suffer from sickle cell disease (SCD), less is known about African immigrant children who migrated outside of Africa. Therefore, the purpose of this scoping review was to assess the extent, range, and nature of the existing index of research on African immigrant children with SCD living outside of Africa, to map out research activity and to identify gaps in the existing literature. This review followed the scoping review methodology of Arksey & O’Malley. A comprehensive search in ten electronic databases was conducted. The search strategy combined the keywords “sickle cell” and “African immigrant children”. Inclusion criteria focused on research published between 2000 and 2019, reporting on the health of African immigrant children aged 0 to 18 years. Systematic & literature review reviews, conferences, case studies, viewpoint articles, & epidemiology studies were excluded. Also, studies in which findings were based on mixed populations containing less than 80% African immigrant children, were excluded from the review.
This review was guided by the five-step approach to scoping reviews of Arksey & O’Malley. Articles were included if they focused on African immigrant children living abroad. Two independent reviewers screened and selected articles. We analyzed and synthesized data using thematic analysis for qualitative data. The search yielded 6,602 records. After removing duplicates and titles, and abstracts were screened, 1,675 articles were included for full-text screening; 6 met inclusion criteria. Chain searching generated 10 articles, 1 met the inclusion criteria. Seven articles were included for analysis. The studies were all quantitative in design and none mentioned a theoretical framework. Even though all the studies were quantitative the usage of clinical assessment of the only means of attaining data, and the usage of insufficient sample size made the studies found, inconclusive in making generalizations. There are significant research gaps regarding African immigrant children with SCD living outside of Africa. A major limitation of the studies use is they were all conducted in Italy even though there are many other countries known to host immigrants from the African continent. Furthermore, most of the studies only state the disadvantages this population faces and only two studies took the initiative in addressing these issues. Overall, this review underlines the need for future research on the impact of migration on the health outcomes of African immigrant children with SCD living outside of Africa.
Status Nutrisi Kerbau Betina di Peternakan Rakyat Cibungbulang: Pengaruh Suplementasi Indigofera sp dan Gaplek terhadap Perubahan Profil Darah
Authors: Sudarman Asep , Hidayati N , Suharti S 
Published: October 2019

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Indigofera sp and cassava flake supplementation on the nutritional status of female buffaloes fed on rice straw and field grasses in smallholder farmers in Cibungbulang, Bogor. This study used four female buffaloes of 4-10 years old and an average body weight of 428.88 ± 86.05 kg. The treatments were T0 = without supplementation and T1 = supplementation of 50% Indigofera leaf and 50% cassava flake. The variables observed were body weight gain, blood glucose, cholesterol, total protein, albumin, hematocrit and hemoglobin. Data were analyzed using Paired Samples T-test. The results showed that the nutritional status of buffaloes that were reared in semi-intensive were in normal condition. Supplementation of Indigofera sp and cassava has a positive influence on body weight gain, blood metabolite levels, hematocrit and hemoglobin of female buffaloes. Daily weight gain was obtained at 732.1 g head-1day-1. Blood glucose increased from 53.97 to 60.86 mg dL-1, albumin from 3.44 to 3.78 g dL-1, blood cholesterol from 37.43 to 50.84 mg dL-1 and hematocrit from 26.75 to 29.75%. The conclusion is that giving supplements of Indigofera and cassava for two weeks can improve the nutritional status of buffaloes reared traditionally.
The Thinking Path of Deepening Transformation and Innovation of Chinese Banking Industry under the Background of “New Normal” Economy
Authors: Zhang Guaili 
Published: October 2019

This paper analyzes the three big impact in the development of Chinese banking industry and discusses the limitations of financial innovation of Chinese banking industry. The results showed that: (1) deepening the banking system innovation to adapt to the new situation; (2) improving customers’ experience by deepening model innovation of the internet financial; (3) improving intensive of bank branch operation and the intelligent of network service with the aid of informatization; (4) Providing individualized, characteristic and differentiated services for high-quality customers of banks and enhancing customer value through lightweight network outlets; and (5) Adapting to the development of new entity economy by comprehensive management, optimizing the operation mode of outlets, and strengthening the supply side reform of commercial banks themselves.
(Re) Imagining the Intra-connections in Geography Education through the Notion of Place
Authors: Ontong Krystle 
Published: October 2019

One of the challenges facing geography educators at higher education institutions in South Africa is to prepare students by providing them with an integrated conceptual and pedagogical toolkit that would adequately equip them to teach a type of geography that is current and relevant to local (but also global) environmental and social phenomena. As an intra-disciplinary science, Geography offers multiple avenues for fostering this type of integration, yet as argued elsewhere, [1] because of a fragmented school Geography curriculum, teacher educators struggle to foster holistic and integrated learning among novice student teachers. In fact, academic geographers most often privilege their own field of specialisation rather than work towards integration [2]. Ultimately, this perpetuates a fragmented teaching practice and conceptual understanding of geographical phenomena. This paper provides a theoretical exploration to demonstrate how Geography Education could retain its holistic nature and advance integration by (re)turning to its own intra-disciplinarity. It was found that the notion of “place” (one of Geography’s big ideas) could serve as a potential point of departure for fostering integrated thinking in the discipline. The argument is made that place-based approaches offer fertile avenues to pursue in Geography Education programmes for equipping student teachers with a holistic conceptual and pedagogical toolkit.
Do Stress and Anxiety Impact Memory? An Exploratory Portuguese Study
Authors: Alho Laura , Rodrigues Pedro F. S. , Fidalgo Cátia 
Published: October 2019

Eyewitness memory is widely studied in the forensic context, due to their proneness to make unreliable testimonies. Understanding which factors may impact memory is determinant to avoid wrongful convictions in court. In this exploratory study, the relation between stress and anxiety and memory errors (spontaneous and induced) was analyzed being hypothesized that negative emotions may impair memory performance. Crime and neutral videos were presented to 80 volunteer university students in a between subject-design. They were asked to fill some stress and anxiety scales throughout the experimental task, as well as a free recall task. Also, it was presented several questions about the videos in which spontaneous and induced errors were assessed. Results suggests that stress and anxiety did not influence the quantity of memory errors for both genders. However, overall memory performance was poor for both groups. Our results were discussed in light to existing theories about the relation between stress-anxiety and memory.