bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High risk of peri‐implant disease in periodontal Ehlers–Danlos Syndrome. A case series
Authors: Rinner Alexander , Zschocke Johannes , Schossig Anna , Gröbner Rebekka , Strobl Heinrich , Kapferer‐Seebacher Ines 
Published: September 2018

AbstractObjectivesPeriodontal Ehlers–Danlos syndrome (pEDS) has recently been delineated as a molecularly defined cause of early severe periodontitis. Here we report that implant treatment failed in three affected individuals from one family.Materials and MethodsLongitudinal data before and after implant treatment were examined for three individuals with genetically confirmed pEDS in the course of a large‐scale pedigree analysis.ResultsMost detailed information was available for individual 1 in whom first periodontal bone loss was diagnosed at age 16 years. Rapid progression resulted in multiple tooth extractions at age 23 years and interforaminal placement of four implants. After primary implant success, peri‐implant bone loss accompanied by highly inflamed tissues and receding gums led to explantation five years later. In individual 2, severe periodontitis was diagnosed at age 15 years and resulted in extraction of all mandibular teeth at age 28 years. Four interforaminal implants were placed. Peri‐implant bone loss was diagnosed four years later, when up to three implant threads were exposed. Individual 3 showed complete tooth loss at age 29 years. He was restored with ten implants and removable prosthesis. Peri‐implant bone loss was diagnosed radiologically eight years later, when seven implant threads were exposed.ConclusionThis is the first report on severe peri‐implant bone loss in pEDS. Retention of teeth as long as possible is the primary objective in pEDS as satisfying prosthetic solutions are missing. Further evaluation of dental management in individuals with pEDS is needed to develop concise treatment guidelines.
Recurrence and cancer‐specific death after adjuvant chemotherapy for Stage III colon cancer
Authors: Chapuis P. H. , Bokey E. , Chan C. , Keshava A. , Rickard M. J. F. X. , Stewart P. , Young C. J. , Dent O. F. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAimThe recommended standard of care for patients after resection of Stage III colon cancer is adjuvant 5‐fluorouracil based chemotherapy – FOLFOX (fluorouracil, leucovorin with oxaliplatin) – or CAPOX (capecitabine, oxaliplatin). This may be modified in older patients or depending on comorbidity. This has been challenged recently as the apparent benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy may arise from improvements in surgery or preoperative imaging or pathology staging. This study compares recurrence and colon‐cancer‐specific death between patients who received postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy and those who did not.MethodProspectively recorded data from 363 consecutive patients who had a resection for Stage III colonic adenocarcinoma between 1995 and 2010 inclusive were analysed. Surviving patients were followed for at least 5 years. The suitability of patients for chemotherapy was discussed routinely at multidisciplinary team meetings. The incidence of recurrence and colon‐cancer‐specific death was evaluated by competing risk methods.ResultsAfter adjustment for the competing risk of non‐colorectal cancer death, there was no significant difference in recurrence between the 204 patients who received chemotherapy and the 159 who did not [hazard ratio (HR) 0.94, 95% CI 0.66–1.32, P = 0.700) and no significant difference in colon‐cancer‐specific death (HR 0.73, 95% CI 0.50–1.04, P = 0.084; HR 0.88, 95% CI 0.57–1.36, P = 0.577 after adjustment for relevant covariates).ConclusionThese findings question the routine use of chemotherapy after complete mesocolic excision for Stage III colon cancer. Recurrence and cancer‐specific death, assessed by competing risk methods, should be the standard outcomes for evaluating the effectiveness of adjuvant chemotherapy after potentially curative resection.
Nicotine and alcohol: the role of midbrain dopaminergic neurons in drug reinforcement
Authors: Morel Carole , Montgomery Sarah , Han Ming‐Hu 
Published: September 2018

AbstractNicotine and alcohol addiction are leading causes of preventable death worldwide and continue to constitute a huge socio‐economic burden. Both nicotine and alcohol perturb the brain's mesocorticolimbic system. Dopamine (DA) neurons projecting from the ventral tegmental area (VTA) to multiple downstream structures, including the nucleus accumbens, prefrontal cortex, and amygdala, are highly involved in the maintenance of healthy brain function. VTA DA neurons play a crucial role in associative learning and reinforcement. Nicotine and alcohol usurp these functions, promoting reinforcement of drug taking behaviors. In this review, we will first describe how nicotine and alcohol individually affect VTA DA neurons by examining how drug exposure alters the heterogeneous VTA microcircuit and network‐wide projections. We will also examine how coadministration or previous exposure to nicotine or alcohol may augment the reinforcing effects of the other. Additionally, this review briefly summarizes the role of VTA DA neurons in nicotine, alcohol, and their synergistic effects in reinforcement and also addresses the remaining questions related to the circuit‐function specificity of the dopaminergic system in mediating nicotine/alcohol reinforcement and comorbidity.
Survivin overexpression via adeno‐associated virus vector Rh10 ameliorates ischemic damage after middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats
Authors: Sehara Yoshihide , Inaba Toshiki , Urabe Takao , Kurosaki Fumio , Urabe Masashi , Kaneko Naoki , Shimazaki Kuniko , Kawai Kensuke , Mizukami Hiroaki 
Published: September 2018

AbstractSurvivin, a member of the inhibitors of apoptosis protein gene family, inhibits the activity of caspase, leading to a halt of the apoptotic process. Our study focused on the neuroprotective effect of survivin after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) with intraparenchymal administration of an adeno‐associated virus (AAV) vector. His‐tagged survivin was cloned and packaged into the AAV‐rh10 vector. Four‐week‐old Sprague–Dawley rats were injected with 4 × 109 vg of AAV‐GFP or AAV‐His‐survivin into the right striatum and were treated 3 weeks later with transient MCAO for 90 min. Twenty‐four hours after MCAO, functional and histological analyses of the rats were performed. The result showed that rats that had been treated with AAV‐green fluorescent protein (GFP) and those that had been treated with AAV‐His‐survivin did not show a significant difference in neurological scores 24 hr after MCAO, however, infarction volume was significantly reduced in the AAV‐His‐survivin group compared to that in the AAV‐GFP group. Although the neutrophil marker myeloperoxidase did not show a significant difference in the ischemic boundary zone, cells positive for active caspase‐3 and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase‐mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick end labeling were significantly decreased in the AAV‐His‐survivin group. In conclusion, survivin overexpression in the ischemic boundary zone induced by using an AAV vector has the potential for amelioration of ischemic damage via an antiapoptotic mechanism.
It is a complex issue: emerging connections between epigenetic regulators in drug addiction
Authors: Anderson Ethan M. , Penrod Rachel D. , Barry Sarah M. , Hughes Brandon W. , Taniguchi Makoto , Cowan Christopher W. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractDrug use leads to addiction in some individuals, but the underlying brain mechanisms that control the transition from casual drug use to an intractable substance use disorder (SUD) are not well understood. Gene x environment interactions such as the frequency of drug use and the type of substance used likely to promote maladaptive plastic changes in brain regions that are critical for controlling addiction‐related behavior. Epigenetics encompasses a broad spectrum of mechanisms important for regulating gene transcription that are not dependent on changes in DNA base pair sequences. This review focuses on the proteins and complexes contributing to epigenetic modifications in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) following drug experience. We discuss in detail the three major mechanisms: histone acetylation and deacetylation, histone methylation, and DNA methylation. We discuss how drug use alters the regulation of the associated proteins regulating these processes and highlight how experimental manipulations of these proteins in the NAc can alter drug‐related behaviors. Finally, we discuss the ways that histone modifications and DNA methylation coordinate actions by recruiting large epigenetic enzyme complexes to aid in transcriptional repression. Targeting these multiprotein epigenetic enzyme complexes – and the individual proteins that comprise them – might lead to effective therapeutics to reverse or treat SUDs in patients.
Introgression of Chinese haplotypes contributed to the improvement of Danish Duroc pigs
Authors: Chen Minhui , Su Guosheng , Fu Jinluan , Wang Aiguo , Liu Jian‐Feng , Lund Mogens S. , Guldbrandtsen Bernt 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe distribution of Asian ancestry in the genome of Danish Duroc pigs was investigated using whole‐genome sequencing data from European wild boars, Danish Duroc, Chinese Meishan and Bamaxiang pigs. Asian haplotypes deriving from Meishan and Bamaxiang occur widely across the genome. Signatures of selection on Asian haplotypes are common in the genome, but few of these haplotypes have been fixed. By defining 50‐kb windows with more than 50% Chinese ancestry, which did not exhibit extreme genetic differentiation between Meishan and Bamaxiang as candidate regions, the enrichment of quantitative trait loci in candidate regions supports that Asian haplotypes under selection play an important role in contributing genetic variation underlying production, reproduction, meat and carcass, and exterior traits. Gene annotation of regions with the highest proportion of Chinese ancestry revealed genes of biological interest, such as NR6A1. Further haplotype clustering analysis suggested that a haplotype of Chinese origin around the NR6A1 gene was introduced to Europe and then underwent a selective sweep in European pigs. Besides, functional genes in candidate regions, such as AHR and PGRMC2, associated with fertility, and SAL1, associated with meat quality, were identified. Our results demonstrate the contribution of Asian haplotypes to the genomes of European pigs. Findings herein facilitate further genomic studies such as genomewide association study and genomic prediction by providing ancestry information of variants.
Early Plasmodium‐induced inflammation does not accelerate aging in mice
Authors: Lippens Cédric , Guivier Emmanuel , Reece Sarah E. , O’Donnell Aidan J. , Cornet Stéphane , Faivre Bruno , Sorci Gabriele 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAging is associated with a decline of performance leading to reduced reproductive output and survival. While the antagonistic pleiotropy theory of aging has attracted considerable attention, the molecular/physiological functions underlying the early‐life benefits/late‐life costs paradigm remain elusive. We tested the hypothesis that while early activation of the inflammatory response confers benefits in terms of protection against infection, it also incurs costs in terms of reduced reproductive output at old age and shortened longevity. We infected mice with the malaria parasite Plasmodium yoelii and increased the inflammatory response using an anti‐IL‐10 receptor antibody treatment. We quantified the benefits and costs of the inflammatory response during the acute phase of the infection and at old age. In agreement with the antagonistic pleiotropy hypothesis, the inflammatory response provided an early‐life benefit, since infected mice that were treated with anti‐IL‐10 receptor antibodies had reduced parasite density and anemia. However, at old age, mice in all treatment groups had similar levels of C‐reactive protein, reproductive output, survival rate, and lifespan. Overall, our results do not support the hypothesis that the benefits of a robust response to malaria infection in early life incur longer term fitness costs.
Hypotonic stress response of human keratinocytes involves LRRC8A as component of volume‐regulated anion channels
Authors: Trothe Janina , Ritzmann Dirk , Lang Victoria , Scholz Paul , Pul Ümit , Kaufmann Roland , Buerger Claudia , Ertongur‐Fauth Torsten 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe barrier function of the human epidermis is constantly challenged by environmental osmotic fluctuations. Hypotonic stress triggers cell swelling, which is counteracted by a compensatory mechanism called regulatory volume decrease (RVD) involving volume‐regulated anion channels (VRACs). Recently, it was discovered that VRACs are composed of LRRC8 heteromers and that LRRC8A functions as the essential VRAC subunit in various mammalian cell types; however, the molecular identity of VRACs in the human epidermis remains to be determined. Here, we investigated the expression ofLRRC8Aand its role in hypotonic stress response of human keratinocytes. Immunohistological staining showed that LRRC8A is preferentially localized in basal and suprabasal epidermal layers. RNA sequencing revealed thatLRRC8Ais the most abundant subunit within theLRRC8gene family in HaCaT cells as well as in primary normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs). To determine the contribution of LRRC8A to hypotonic stress response, we generated HaCaT‐ and NHEK‐LRRC8Aknockout cells by using CRISPR‐Cas9. I−influx assays using halide‐sensitive YFP showed that LRRC8A is crucially important for mediating VRAC activity in HaCaTs and NHEKs. Moreover, cell volume measurements using calcein‐AM dye further revealed that LRRC8A also substantially contributes to RVD. In summary, our study provides new insights into hypotonic stress response and suggests an important role of LRRC8A as VRAC component in human keratinocytes.
A computationally efficient cohesive zone model for fatigue
Authors: Salih Sarmed , Davey Keith , Zou Zhenmin 
Published: September 2018

AbstractA cohesive zone model has been developed for the simulation of both high and low cycle fatigue crack growth. The developed model provides an alternative approach that reflects the computational efficiency of the well‐established envelop‐load damage model yet can deliver the accuracy of the equally well‐established loading‐unloading hysteresis damage model.A feature included in the new cohesive zone model is a damage mechanism that accumulates as a result of cyclic plastic separation and material deterioration to capture a finite fatigue life. The accumulation of damage is reflected in the loading‐unloading hysteresis curve, but additionally, the model incorporates a fast‐track feature. This is achieved by “freezing in” a particular damage state for one loading cycle over a predefined number of cycles.The new model is used to simulate mode I fatigue crack growth in austenitic stainless steel 304 at significant reduction in the computational cost.
Exploring the environmental, personal and behavioural factors as determinants for university students’ food behaviour
Authors: Marquis Marie , Talbot Annie , Sabourin Amélie , Riopel Chantal 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe research objective was to explore the environmental, personal and behavioural factors as determinants of university students’ food behaviour in Québec, Canada. A web‐based questionnaire including factors likely to influence eating behaviours was developed. The questionnaire described 16 profiles, each associated with a food choice determinant. The students’ living arrangements and sociodemographic profile were also obtained. Descriptive statistics, chi‐square tests and factor analysis were conducted. A total of 857 students participated in the study. Significant gender differences were noted as well as differences according to living arrangements (e.g., residence hall, apartment with a roommate, with parents or alone in an apartment). Significant relationships were also found between food insecurity and citizenship. Based on the factor analysis and the underlying constructs, four profiles describing different eaters were identified: the planet‐nutrition‐kitchen lover, the utilitarian lonely eater, the body‐driven eater and the mindless eater. The results suggest topics to take into account when developing nutrition interventions or nutrition‐based health prevention programmes. These topics include cooking skills, time constraints, commensality, food variety, pleasure, body concern, mindless eating and stress. Moreover, a marginal but worrisome food determinant is also discussed, namely food insecurity. The results suggest some components to strengthen or incorporate into future nutrition interventions, such as body satisfaction, body image and satiety. Strategies to decrease emotional eating and promote mindful eating are worthwhile considerations when developing a health promotion university programme. The heterogeneity of the living arrangements and how they relate to food behaviours are also of great importance. Lastly, it is crucial to provide food assistance programmes and services to students with financial limitations.
Influence of drying conditions on colour, betacyanin content and antioxidant capacities in dried red‐fleshed dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus)
Authors: Mahayothee Busarakorn , Komonsing Nilobon , Khuwijitjaru Pramote , Nagle Marcus , Müller Joachim 
Published: September 2018

SummaryIn this study, drying of red‐fleshed dragon fruit at different temperatures (40, 50, 60, 70 and 80 °C) and air velocities (1.0 and 1.5 m s−1) was conducted under the specific humidity of 25 g H2O kg−1 dry air. The results showed that drying at higher temperatures resulted in shorter drying times. However, temperature and air velocity did not significantly affect the total betacyanin contents and antioxidant capacities in dried products. Seven betacyanins identified by LC‐MS were betanin, isobetanin, phyllocactin, isophyllocactin, betanidin 5 –O‐(6′O‐3‐hydroxybutyryl)‐β‐glucoside, isobetanidin 5 –O‐(6′O‐3‐hydroxybutyryl)‐β‐glucoside and decarboxylated phyllocactin. In addition, the temperature increased the isomerisation of betacyanins. The most preferable condition for preserving the colour and betacyanin contents of red‐fleshed dragon fruit was the drying at a temperature of 80 °C and air velocity of 1.5 m s−1 since it could shorten the drying time and give a bright red colour to the dried product as well as it had no significant impact on the betacyanins.
The state of the science in paediatric pain management practices in low‐middle income countries: An integrative review
Authors: Matula Samuel T. , Polomano Rosemary C. , Irving Sharon Y. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAimExamine the state of the science for pain management in children living in low‐middle income countries (LMIC).BackgroundSignificant challenges exist in pain management for children living in LMIC.MethodsAn integrative review was conducted using PRISMA guidelines for quality of reporting. Literature searches were completed using Medline, PubMed, Scopus, and CINAHL databases for publications between January 2006 and August 2016 using MeSH and primary search terms pain and LMIC. Full text publications were evaluated using GRADE criterion and methodology specific evaluation tools.ResultsOf 1510 publications identified, 31 met the criteria for inclusion. Data were categorized into three broad themes: (1) magnitude of the pain problem with subthemes describing the burden of and resources for paediatric pain management; (2) perceptions, experience, and practices for managing pain in children residing in LMIC with subthemes addressing health care providers, parent/caregiver and children, respectively; and (3) pain management practices with pain assessment and treatment strategies as subthemes.ConclusionCurrent data on paediatric pain management in LMIC are limited with respect to describing the burden of pain, children's pain perceptions and experiences, and pain management practices. Rigorous investigations are needed to expand knowledge and address the pervasive problem of pain for children in LMIC.
Cognitive‐behavioural therapy in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Li Chenyang , Hou Zhenhua , Liu Yanhui , Ji Yunan , Xie Lingli 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAimsThis systematic review and meta‐analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of cognitive‐behavioural therapy in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases.MethodsCochrane Library, Web of Science, Pubmed, EMBASE, and CINAHL were searched up to June 2017, as well as grey literature and databases hand searches. Quality assessment, heterogeneity, sensitivity analysis, and publication bias were performed. Stata12.0 software was used for pooled estimates.ResultsSeven eligible reports were included in the final analysis. Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire score was higher in the cognitive‐behavioural therapy group than in the control group at the final follow‐up in inflammatory bowel disease patients (P = 0.008). There was no statistically significant difference in the Crohn's Disease Activity Index (P = 0.751), Simple Clinical Colitis Activity Index score (P = 0.747), State Anxiety score (P = 0.988), Trait Anxiety score (P = 0.681), and Perceived Stress Questionnaire score (P = 0.936) at the final point of follow‐up. A funnel plot showed no publication bias (P = 0.98).ConclusionCognitive‐behavioural therapy appeared to support higher quality of life in inflammatory bowel disease patients compared with a control group at the final follow‐up point but had no effect on disease activity, anxiety, or perceived stress in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Cognitive‐behavioural therapy can be an acceptable adjunctive therapy for inflammatory bowel disease patients, but the effect of cognitive‐behavioural therapy is limited.