bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The utility/futility of medications for neuropathic pain – an observational study
Authors: Butler Stephen , Eek Daniel , Ring Lena , Gordon Allen , Karlsten Rolf 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Background and aims
The RELIEF (Real Life) study by AstraZeneca was designed as an observational study to validate a series of Patient Reported Outcome (PRO) questionnaires in a mixed population of subjects with neuropathic pain (NP) coming from diabetes, neurology and primary care clinics. This article is an analysis of a subset of the information to include the medications used and the effects of pharmacological treatment over 6 months. The RELIEF study was performed during 2010–2013.

Methods
Subjects were recruited from various specialty clinics and one general practice clinic across Canada. The subjects were followed for a total of 2 years with repeated documentation of their status using 10 PROs. A total of 210 of the recruited subjects were entered into the data base and analyzed. Of these, 123 had examination-verified painful diabetic neuropathy (PDN) and 87 had examination-verified post-traumatic neuropathy (PTN). To evaluate the responsiveness of the PROs to change, several time points were included and this study focusses primarily on the first 6 months. Subjects also maintained a diary to document all medications, both for pain and other medical conditions, including all doses, start dates and stop dates, that could be correlated to changes in the PRO parameters.

Results
RELIEF was successful in being able to correlate the validity of the PROs and this data was used for further AstraZeneca Phase 1, 2, and 3 clinical trials of NP. To our surprise, there was very little change in pain and low levels of patient satisfaction with treatment during the trial. Approximately 15% of the subjects reported improvement, 8% worsening of pain, the remainder reported pain unchanged despite the use of multiple medications at multiple doses, alone or in combination with frequent changes of medications and doses over the study. Those taking predominantly NSAIDs (COX-inhibitors) did no worse than those taking the standard recommended medications against NP.

Conclusions
Since this is a real-life study, it reflects the clinical utility of a variety of internationally recommended medications for the treatment of NP. In positive clinical trials of these medications in selected “ideal” subjects, the effects are not overwhelming – 30% are 50% improved on average. This study shows that in the real world the results are not nearly as positive and reflects information from non-published negative clinical trials.

Implications
We still do not have very successful medications for NP. Patients probably differ in many respects from those subjects in clinical trials. This is not to negate the use of recommended medications for NP but an indication that success rates of treatment are likely to be worse than the data coming from those trials published by the pharmaceutical industry.
Kołakowski made by Piper
Authors: Zajas Paweł 
Published: November 2018

SummarySince the year 1960, a range of works by Polish philosopher Leszek Kołakowski have been published by Piper-Verlag. The paper analyses some so far unknown archival data that offer some insights into the circumstances of their publication. Sections 2 and 3 show how Kołakowski’s German debut (essay collection from 1960 under the titleDer Mensch ohne Alternative) may have been influenced by factors that tend to shape the literary field, such as the contemporary cultural and publishing policy and the role played by the intermediaries and translators. The argument provides new insights into the history of ideas that constituted the background of the import of Polish/ East European literature to the FRG from the 1950 s on. Next (section 4), the paper addresses the question as to why the editing conducted on Kołakowski’s work had failed to initiate a more systematic transfer of Eastern European (criticism of) Marxist philosophy to the German publishing market. Moreover (section 5), an attempt is made at a closer characterisation and problematisation of the readings of some themes of Kołakowski’s works by the editor in Piper-Verlag, Hans Rößner, a German philologist and ex-SS officer. In this context, a rhetorical question as to this sort of ideological criticism is posed. Finally, the data presented in the paper bring the following issues to the fore in terms of future research directions: (1) transfer of literature/ knowledge from Poland/ Eastern Europe during the Cold War and (2) the actual part that Eastern Europe played in the “global” conflict of ideas under the label of “1968”.
Bemerkungen über die altkeltischen Fluchrituale: Zum Blei von Chartres und einem lateinischen Fluchtäfelchen mit Formeln keltischen Ursprungs
Authors: Dupraz Emmanuel 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
This paper deals with the Gaulish defixio from Chartres and more generally with the Celtic tradition of malediction rituals in Antiquity, as documented by the defixiones from Chartres, Larzac and Chamalières and by contact features in Latin defixiones from the Celtic speaking provinces. It is argued that this tradition, as opposed to the Latin one, systematically advocated that the malediction ritual was performed as a defensive measure against a former malediction by the cursed persons. The same lexemes are used to refer to the cursed persons and to the performer of the cursing ritual: this stylistic device emphasises that the defixio is to be regarded as a counter-malediction.
Description of cocoon, last instar larva and pupa of Chrysis pulchella Spinola, 1888 (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)
Authors: Martynova K. V. 
Published: November 2018

The cocoons of Chrysididae have never been specially studied previously. The cocoon structure of Chrysis pulchella Spinola, 1888 is described and illustrated in this contribution. It unexpectedly appeared to be similar to the cocoons of the species in the genera Trichrysis and Chrysidea. The studied cocoons of the mentioned chrysidids were attributed to the so called morphological type of thimble-shaped cocoons. Moreover, this similarity may possibly indicate the taxonomical linkage between the genera Trichrysis and Chrysidea from one hand, and the most rich in the number of species genus Chrysis though the pulchella species group. Only a small percentage of species in the family Chrysididae have the larval stage described (at any instar). The attempt to analyze the larval characters for these wasps had already been made, but there were many gaps in taxa studied. Present article contributes to fill this gap: the description of last instar larva of C. pulchella Spinola, 1888 is given herein. Several character states of this larva differ from these declared for the subfamily Chrysidinae, where C. pulchella belongs to. Similarly, the pupae of Chrysididae have never been studied, but the pupa in studied species is shown to have a set of unique structures absent in imago.
Zophobas atratus (Fabricius, 1775) – new genus and species of darkling beetles (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae) for the fauna of Ukraine
Authors: Fursov V. N. , Cherney L. S. 
Published: November 2018

Darkling beetle Zophobas atratus (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae) is recorded here for the first time as a new species for the fauna of Ukraine. Detailed study on morphology of preimaginal stages and biology of this species recently introduced to Ukraine, is given here. Zophobas atratus is an important species being easily reared in laboratory cultures and widely distributed in North and South America, Europe, and Asia. Detailed descriptions of all life stages, including egg, young and older larvae, pupa and adult of Z. atratus are required for further taxonomical study of the genus Zophobas, which isn’t yet definitively established. New identification keys for adults and larvae of the genera of tribe Tenebrionini are presented here, based on a comparative analysis of the taxonomic characters of adults and larvae of Z. atratus and species from the genera Tenebrio and Neatus. Comparative analysis of morphology of larva of Z. atratus and larvae of the tribe Cteniopodini of close subfamily Alleculinae was conducted here. The subfamily Alleculinae previously had the rank of family Alleculidae, but our analysis confirmed the reliability of its current taxonomic position as subfamily. The study of morphology of larvae of 1st and 2nd instars of Z. atratus revealed that they are characterized by special taxonomic structures that are not characteristic for oldest instars of larvae of Z. atratus. These characters include absence of spines on caudal segment, presence of a set of 4 setae at posterior margin of tergites of prothorax, metathorax, and 1st to 8th abdominal segments, strongly convex 2nd antennal segment and sensory zone in the form of an open ring on its apex, and etc. Moreover, structure of antenna of larvae of Z. atratus is similar to that of oldest larvae of most species of darkling beetles of the fauna of Ukraine. The most distinctive features of Z. atratus are: sexual dimorphism in structure of clypeus of adults; filiform sclerotized antenna of larva with a continuous sensory zone at apex of 2nd segment, weakly developed 3rd segment; fusion of sclerotized pleurites of 1st–8th abdominal segments with their tergites; sexual dimorphism in structure of 9th abdominal segment of pupa, and presence of two hooks on apex of its appendages. The data of original study of features of life cycle of Z. atratus are given. The pictures and photos of details of morphology of egg, larvae, pupa and adult of Z. atratus are presented. It was recored that life cycle of Z. atratus from laying of egg to the emergence of adult continues from 169 up to 181 days. Adults lived maximum up to 206 days. Maturation of eggs in female after copulation continues 10-11 days. Stage of egg continues 7 days, larva – up to 151 days, including pre-pupal period from 6 to 22 days, pupa – from 8 to 21 days. Twelve larval stages of Z. atratus were recorded in laboratory culture.
The types of Chalcid wasps (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea), described by scientists of Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology of National Academy of sciences of Ukraine after 2012
Authors: Zerova M. D. , Simutnik S. A. , Fursov V. N. , Klymenko S. I. , Stetsenko I. T. 
Published: November 2018

The list of type specimens of chalcid wasps of four families (Eurytomidae, Torymidae, Ormyridae, Encyrtidae) described by experts of Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology of National Academy of Sciences after 2012 is given. Data of original labels and reference to original description are given for each taxon. The catalogue includes types of 41 nominal taxa: Eurytomidae (15): Nikanoria deserta Zer., N. halimodendrae Zer., N. kazakhstanica Zer., N. leleji Zer., N. mongolica punctata Zer., N. orski Zer., N. pygmaea Zer., N. sugonjaevi Zer., Parabuchophagus rasnitsyni Zer., Eurytoma gleditsiae Zer. et Furs., E. koreana Zer. et Furs., E. trjapitzini Zer. et Klym., Torymidae (5): Idiomacromerus artusis Zer., I. persimilis Zer., Adontomerus centaurei Zer., A. trjapitzini Zer., Torymus leleji Zer. et Furs., Ormyridae (8): Ormyrus askanicus Zer., O. kasparyani Zer., O. nitens Zer., O. novus Zer., O. punctellus Zer., O. qurrayahi Zer., O. spadiceus Zer., O. sugonjaevi Zer., Encyrtidae (13): Rovnosoma gracile Simut., Eocencnemus sugonjaevi Simut., E. vichrenkoi Simut., Eocencyrtus zerovae Simut., Microterys ashkhabadensis mediterraneus Simut., M. hermonicus Simut., M. nevoi Simut., M. pavliceki Simut., M. vichrenkoi Simut., M. wasseri Simut., Encyrtus sugonjaevi Simut., Echthroplexiella talitzkyi Trjapitzin, Copidosoma trjapitzini Simut. The majority of type specimens are deposited in the collection of Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology (Kyiv, Ukraine). The depositories of all other type specimens are indicated.
Phase relations in the Me2MoO4–In2(MoO4)3–Hf(MoO4)2 systems, where Me = Li, K, Tl, Rb, Cs
Authors: Bazarova J. G. , Tushinova Yu. L. , Grossman V. G. , Bazarova Ts. T. , Bazarov B. G. , Kurbatov R. V. 
Published: November 2018

The Me2MoO4–In2(MoO4)3–Hf(MoO4)2 systems where Me = Li, K, Tl, Rb, Cs were studied in the subsolidus region using an X-ray powder diffraction. Quasi-binary joins were revealed, and triangulation carried out. The formation of ternary molybdates Me5InHf(MoO4)6 for Me = K, Tl, Rb, Cs and Мe2InHf2(MoO4)6.5 for Me = Rb, Cs was established.
Financial Costs Incurred by Living Kidney Donors: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Przech Sebastian , Garg Amit X. , Arnold Jennifer B. , Barnieh Lianne , Cuerden Meaghan S. , Dipchand Christine , Feldman Liane , Gill John S. , Karpinski Martin , Knoll Greg , Lok Charmaine , Miller Matthew , Monroy Mauricio , Nguan Chris , Prasad G.V. Ramesh , Sarma Sisira , Sontrop Jessica M. , Storsley Leroy , Klarenbach Scott ,   on behalf of the Donor Nephrectomy Outcomes Research (DONOR) Network
Published: November 2018

Background
Approximately 40% of the kidneys for transplant worldwide come from living donors. Despite advantages of living donor transplants, rates have stagnated in recent years. One possible barrier may be costs related to the transplant process that potential willing donors may incur for travel, parking, accommodation, and lost productivity.

Methods
To better understand and quantify the financial costs incurred by living kidney donors, we conducted a prospective cohort study, recruiting 912 living kidney donors from 12 transplant centers across Canada between 2009 and 2014; 821 of them completed all or a portion of the costing survey. We report microcosted total, out-of-pocket, and lost productivity costs (in 2016 Canadian dollars) for living kidney donors from donor evaluation start to 3 months after donation. We examined costs according to (1) the donor’s relationship with their recipient, including spousal (donation to a partner), emotionally related nonspousal (friend, step-parent, in law), or genetically related; and (2) donation type (directed, paired kidney, or nondirected).

Results
Living kidney donors incurred a median (75th percentile) of $1254 ($2589) in out-of-pocket costs and $0 ($1908) in lost productivity costs. On average, total costs were $2226 higher in spousal compared with emotionally related nonspousal donors (P=0.02) and $1664 higher in directed donors compared with nondirected donors (P<0.001). Total costs (out-of-pocket and lost productivity) exceeded $5500 for 205 (25%) donors.

Conclusions
Our results can be used to inform strategies to minimize the financial burden of living donation, which may help improve the donation experience and increase the number of living donor kidney transplants.
Algebras and Smarandache Types
Authors: Kim Hee Sik , Neggers J. , Ahn Sun Shin 
Published: November 2018

If an algebra of type $A$ contains a subalgebra
which is also an algebra of type $B$, then it is a Smarandache $B$-type $A$-algebra provided the subalgebra of type $B$ contains at least two elements. This generalizes the notion of Smarandache
group, where the group of order $\geq 2$ is a subsemigroup of a semigroup.
In this paper we investigate a number of such pairings
and we deduce a number of conclusions as a consequence.
From Field Experiments to Regional Forecasts: Upscaling Wheat Grain and Forage Yield Response to Acidic Soils
Authors: Lollato Romulo P. , Ochsner Tyson E. , Arnall Daryl B. , Griffin Terry W. , Edwards Jeffrey T. 
Published: November 2018

Core Ideas
Wheat varieties differ in forage and grain yield in their tolerance to acidic soils.
Grain yield maximized at soil pH of 5.8 and 4.8 for sensitive and tolerant varieties.
Forage yield maximized at soil pH of 6.0 and 5.5 for sensitive and tolerant varieties.
We developed a protocol to estimate regional gains from variety selection or liming acidic soils.
We combined field studies to regional soil databases with the objective of presenting a protocol to forecast regional gains in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) forage and grain yield and revenue, from liming or selecting a variety tolerant to acidic soils. First, we developed forage and grain yield response curves to soil pH using a variety by soil pH study conducted during 3 yr (2013–2015) at two Oklahoma locations. Second, we used a database of soil pH samples representing 93% of the wheat growing region of the state (n = 11,905) coupled with 15‐yr average county yield and harvested area to estimate potential gains for grain‐only and dual‐purpose scenarios. Relative grain yield maximized at soil pH of 5.8 for sensitive varieties and 4.8 for tolerant varieties. Forage yield maximized at soil pH of 6.0 for sensitive varieties and 5.5 for tolerant varieties. About 35% of the region had pH limiting to dual‐purpose and 28% to grain‐only production. Liming could improve grain‐only statewide yield in 0.14 Mg ha−1 and revenue in US$19 ha−1, and adoption of tolerant varieties could increase yield in 0.11 Mg ha−1 and revenue in $10 ha−1. Liming could improve dual‐purpose revenue in $37 ha−1 and variety selection in $28 ha−1 due to improved yield and forage. Potential additional statewide wheat production resulting from variety selection is 53,800 Mg and from liming 82,500 Mg. Our protocol can be used to aid development of agricultural policies and research prioritization at regional levels where acidic soils are prevalent.
Hydrologic and Geochemical Research at Pinios Hydrologic Observatory: Initial Results
Authors: Pisinaras Vassilios , Panagopoulos Andreas , Herrmann Frank , Bogena Heye R. , Doulgeris Charalampos , Ilias Andreas , Tziritis Evangelos , Wendland Frank 
Published: November 2018

Core Ideas
Modeled ETo gradients present variations as a function of altitude, annual cycle, and total amount.
A very good match between different soil moisture monitoring devices has been achieved.
Groundwater level monitoring revealed dominant hydrodynamic evolution mechanisms.
Hydrochemical monitoring supports groundwater hydrology findings and reveals pollution sources.
Monitoring the PHO supports accurate hydrologic modeling and sustainable water use.
The Pinios Hydrologic Observatory (PHO) is located in the River Pinios basin, which is one of the most productive basins in Greece. The PHO was established to develop deep knowledge of water balance at the river basin scale and to improve understanding of the major hydrodynamic mechanisms to improve hydrological modeling and ultimately sustainable water resource management. The PHO comprises three meteorological stations, 12 groundwater monitoring sites, and one soil moisture monitoring site, which includes frequency domain reflectometry sensors (SoilNet) and a cosmic‐ray neutron sensor (CRNS) probe. Although the PHO was recently established (at the end of 2015), the preliminary findings from data analysis are promising. Calculated reference evapotranspiration (ETo) gradients demonstrate differences regarding their annual cycle, total amount, and altitude level. Moreover, climate analysis indicates nocturnal mountain‐valley winds. Groundwater level spatial distribution indicates the dominant recharge mechanisms to the alluvial aquifer system. These findings are also supported by the hydrochemical data analysis (electrical conductivity and, secondarily, NO3 distribution). Locally elevated NO3 concentrations are attributed to agricultural activities and call for review of the adopted farming practices. Results from the soil moisture monitoring site indicate a very good match between the CRNS probe and the average SoilNet data. Future perspectives of the PHO include geophysical surveys to accurately delineate the geometry of the groundwater system, the expansion of groundwater and soil moisture observation networks, and the application of the mGROWA hydrologic model to accurately simulate the hydrological processes in the PHO and upscale in the entire River Pinios basin. Finally, in support of the local farmers, we plan to develop and implement a distributed irrigation programming protocol in the entire area of the PHO.
Application of ensemble empirical mode decomposition based on machine learning methodologies in forecasting monthly pan evaporation
Authors: Rezaie-Balf Mohammad , Kisi Ozgur , Chua Lloyd H. C. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAccurate prediction of pan evaporation (PE) is one of the crucial factors in water resources management and planning in agriculture. In this research, two hybrid models, self-adaptive time-frequency methodology, ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) coupled with support vector machine (EEMD-SVM) and EEMD model tree (EEMD-MT), were employed to forecast monthly PE. The EEMD-SVM and EEMD-MT were compared with single SVM and MT models in forecasting monthly PE, measured between 1975 and 2008, at Siirt and Diyarbakir stations in Turkey. The results were evaluated using four assessment criteria, Nash–Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE), root mean square error (RMSE), performance index (PI), Willmott's index (WI), and Legates–McCabe's index (LMI). The EEMD-MT model respectively improved the accuracy of MT by 36 and 44.7% with respect to NSE and WI in the testing stage for the Siirt station. For the Diyarbakir station, the improvements in results were less spectacular, with improvements in NSE (1.7%) and WI (2.2%), respectively, in the testing stage. The overall results indicate that the proposed pre-processing technique is very promising for complex time series forecasting and further studies incorporating this technique are recommended.
A Numerical Simulation of Heat Transfer Enhancement Using Al2O3 Nanofluid
Authors: Hussain Taliv , Javed Mohammad T. 
Published: November 2018

Introduction:
A numerical study is performed in which the friction factor and forced
convection heat transfer is studied for Al2O3 nanoparticle dispersed in water as a base fluid.

Methods:
Four concentrations of nanofluids in the range of 0-2.5 vol% have been simulated. The
Reynolds Number is varied in the range of 100-500 by varying inlet velocity. Cross flow of air is
assumed over the pipe with air velocity of 2.2 m/s.

Results:
The results depict that the friction factor decreases with an increase in flow rate and increases
with increase in volume concentration. The maximum deviation for friction factor obtained
by simulation from that obtained using Darcy’s relation is about 21.5% for water. Nusselt
number increases with increase in Reynolds Number and nanofluid volume concentration with a
maximum of 7653.68 W/m2 at a nanoparticle concentration of 2.5% and Reynolds Number of
500. Heat transfer rate enhancement of upto 13.6% is obtained as compared to pure water. The
maximum increase in Nusselt Number is about 13.07% for a nanoparticle concentration of 2.5%.

Conclusion:
The simulation results are compared with established relations obtained by other researchers
and there is a good agreement in terms of trends obtained. The deviations from established
relations are also depicted.