bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Establishment and Validation of a Prognostic Nomogram for Predicting Postoperative Overall Survival in Advanced Stage III–IV Colorectal Cancer Patients
Authors: Lou Pengwei , Luo Dongmei , Huang Yuting , Chen Chen , Yuan Shuai , Wang Kai 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundMost colorectal cancer (CRC) patients are at an advanced stage when they are first diagnosed. Risk factors for predicting overall survival (OS) in advanced stage CRC patients are crucial, and constructing a prognostic nomogram model is a scientific method for survival analysis.MethodsA total of 2956 advanced stage CRC patients were randomised into training and validation groups at a 7:3 ratio. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were used to screen risk factors for OS and subsequently construct a prognostic nomogram model for predicting 1‐, 3‐, 5‐, 8‐ and 10‐year OS of advanced stage CRC patients. The performance of the model was demonstrated by the area under the curve (AUC) values, calibration curves and decision curve analysis (DCA). Kaplan–Meier curves were used to plot the survival probabilities for different strata of each risk factor.ResultsThere was no statistically significant difference (p > 0.05) in the 32 clinical variables between patients in the training and validation groups. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses demonstrated that age, location, TNM, chemotherapy, liver metastasis, lung metastasis, MSH6, CEA, CA199, CA125 and CA724 were risk factors for OS. We estimated the AUC values for the nomogram model to predict 1‐, 3‐, 5‐, 8‐ and 10‐year OS, which in the training group were 0.826 (95% CI: 0.807–0.845), 0.836 (0.819–0.853), 0.839 (0.820–0.859), 0.835 (0.809–0.862) and 0.825 (0.779–0.870) respectively; in the validation group, the corresponding AUC values were 0.819 (0.786–0.852), 0.831 (0.804–0.858), 0.830 (0.799–0.861), 0.815 (0.774–0.857) and 0.802 (0.723–0.882) respectively. Finally, the 1‐, 3‐, 5‐, 8‐ and 10‐year OS rates for advanced stage CRC patients were 73.4 (71.8–75.0), 49.5 (47.8–51.4), 43.3 (41.5–45.2), 40.1 (38.1–41.9) and 38.6 (36.6–40.8) respectively.ConclusionWe constructed and validated an original nomogram for predicting the postoperative OS of advanced stage CRC patients, which can help facilitates physicians to accurately assess the individual survival of postoperative patients and identify high‐risk patients.
Outcomes of Left Main Chronic Total Occlusion Percutaneous Coronary Interventions
Authors: Strepkos Dimitrios , Alexandrou Michaella , Mutlu Deniz , Carvalho Pedro E. P. , Choi James W. , Gorgulu Sevket , Jaffer Farouc A. , Chandwaney Raj , Alaswad Khaldoon , Basir Mir B. , Azzalini Lorenzo , Mastrodemos Olga C. , Rangan Bavana V. , Voudris Konstantinos , Jalli Sandeep , Burke M. Nicholas , Sandoval Yader , Brilakis Emmanouil S. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundPercutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) of left main (LM) chronic total occlusions (CTO) has received limited study.MethodsWe compared the clinical and procedural characteristics and outcomes of patients who underwent LM versus non‐LM CTO PCI at 41 US and non‐US centers between 2012 and 2024.ResultsDuring the study period 85 of 15,254 CTO PCIs (0.6%) performed in 14,969 patients were LM CTO PCIs. LM CTO PCI patients were older, had higher rates of dyslipidemia and heart failure and most (88.8%) had prior coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG). They were more likely to have moderately or severely calcified lesions (80.7% vs. 45.7%, p < 0.001) and had higher J‐CTO (2.76 ± 1.17 vs. 2.37 ± 1.26, p = 0.008), PROGRESS‐CTO MACE (3.56 vs. 2.57, p < 0.001), Mortality (2.45 vs. 1.68, p < 0.001), Pericardiocentesis (2.74 vs. 1.87, p < 0.001), Acute MI (1.72 vs. 0.89, p < 0.001) and Perforation (3.21 vs. 2.19, p < 0.001) scores. There was no difference in technical success (80.5% vs. 87.2%, p = 0.086) or major cardiovascular adverse events (MACE) (2.4% vs. 2.0%, p = 0.700). LM CTO PCI patients with and without prior CABG surgery had similar technical success and MACE. The retrograde approach in prior CABG patients was more likely to be performed through saphenous vein grafts.ConclusionsLM CTO PCI is infrequently performed, is associated with high comorbidity burden and angiographic complexity but can be performed with high success and acceptable complication rates.
Diagnostic Performance of Quantitative Flow Ratio for the Assessment of Non‐Culprit Lesions in Myocardial Infarction (QFR‐OUTSMART): Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Salinas‐Casanova José Alfredo , Jiménez‐Franco Vicente Alonso , Jerjes‐Sanchez Carlos , Quintanilla‐Gutiérrez Juan Alberto , De la Pena‐Almaguer Erasmo , Eguiluz‐Hernández Daniela , Vences‐Monroy Sofía , Joya‐Harrison Jorge Armando , Juarez‐Gavino Christian Eduardo , Flores‐Zertuche Mónica María , Ibarrola‐Peña Juan Carlos , Lira‐Lozano Daniel , Molina‐Avilés Marisol , Torre‐Amione Guillermo 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundQuantitative flow ratio (QFR) analysis is a simple and non‐invasive coronary physiological assessment method with evidence for evaluating stable coronary artery disease with correlation to fractional flow reserve (FFR). However, there is no evidence to recommend its use in non‐culprit lesions (NCLs) in myocardial infarction (MI).MethodsWe performed a systematic review and meta‐analysis using the PRISMA and PROSPERO statements. The study's primary objective was to assess the diagnostic accuracy of QFR in identifying functionally significant NCLs after MI based on invasive FFR and non‐hyperemic pressure ratios as references. We obtained values of the area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV). We performed a leave‐one‐out sensitivity analysis for each study's impact on the overall effect.ResultsWe included eight studies, with 713 patients and 920 vessels evaluated with QFR. The overall AUC was 0.941 (I2 = 0.559, p < 0.002), with a sensitivity of 87.3%, a specificity of 89.4%, a PPV of 86.6%, and an NPV of 90.1%. Compared to FFR, we found an AUC of 0.957 (I2 = 0.331, p < 0.194), a sensitivity of 89.6%, a specificity of 89.8%, a PPV of 88.3%, and an NPV of 91%. The sensitivity analysis showed a similar diagnostic performance in both studies.ConclusionsQFR is effective in analyzing NCLs with a significant diagnostic yield compared to FFR, with an excellent AUC in MI patients. Performing prospective multicenter studies to characterize this population and reproduce our results is essential.
Efficacy of Daratumumab‐Based Regimens for Extramedullary Pulmonary Plasmacytoma: A Case Report
Authors: De Novellis Danilo , Zeppa Pio , Maffei Elisabetta , Giudice Valentina , Selleri Carmine , Serio Bianca 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionMultiple myeloma (MM) with pulmonary extramedullary disease is rare and usually associated with poor prognosis, and no data on daratumumab‐based regimens have been reported yet.Case PresentationHere, a 64‐year‐old man with pulmonary plasmacytoma received daratumumab‐based regimens and has achieved a very good partial response with lung mass disappearance and overall survival of 16 months. He did not receive autologous stem cell transplantation because of several comorbidities, such as severe drug‐induced neuropathy and JAK2‐mutated myeloproliferative neoplasm with marked splenomegaly.ConclusionsWe showed the efficacy of daratumumab in combination with targeted therapies for the treatment of pulmonary MM.
Performance of Continuous Glucose Monitoring System Among Patients With Acute Ischaemic Stroke Treated With Mechanical Thrombectomy
Authors: Shi Jie , Weng Jiahao , Ding Yu , Xia Yue , Zhou Yongwen , Wang Xulin , Zhang Feng , Zhang Pan , Luo Sihui , Zheng Xueying , Liu Xinfeng , Wang Chaofan , Sun Wen , Weng Jianping 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAimsGlucose metabolism abnormalities are prevalent in acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) patients and are associated with poor prognosis. The continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) system can provide detailed information on glucose levels and glycaemic excursions. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and accuracy of CGM application in the acute phase of AIS patients.MethodsThis single‐centre, prospective, and observational study consecutively enrolled patients with AIS with anterior circulation large vessel occlusion (AC‐LVO) and received mechanical thrombectomy (MT) within 24 h of symptom onset. A user‐retrospectively calibrated iPro2 CGM system was implanted right before the MT procedure started and removed on the fifth day after MT or at discharge. Fingertip glucose was measured as a reference. Accuracy evaluation included the Bland–Altman plot (with a proportion of CGM values within 15/15, 20/20 and 30/30), the absolute relative difference (ARD) and error grid analysis (EGA). The safety and glucose profiles were also evaluated.ResultsOf the 183 patients screened, 141 were included, with a median monitoring duration of 4.49 days. Compared to reference measurements, 3097 CGM readings were matched with a mean bias of −4.16 mg/dL. The proportions of sensor readings meeting the 15/15, 20/20 and 30/30 criteria were 64.55%, 76.07% and 87.21%, respectively. The overall mean and median ARD were 14.60% ± 14.62% and 9.77% (4.15, 20.00). EGA showed that 98.97%, 99.42% and 99.06% values fall within clinically accurate zones in Clarke, Parkes and continuous glucose EGA, respectively.ConclusionThe CGM system was feasible, safe and accurate for in‐hospital use among AIS patients who received MT.
Analysis pipeline to quantify uterine gland structural variations
Authors: Khan Sameed , Shen May , Bhurke Aishwarya , Alessio Adam , Arora Ripla 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundTechnical advances in whole tissue imaging and clearing have allowed 3D reconstruction of exocrine uterine glands deep‐seated in the endometrium. However, there are limited gland structure analysis platforms to analyze these imaging data sets. Here, we present a pipeline for segmenting and analyzing uterine gland shape.ResultsUsing our segmentation methodology, we derive metrics to describe gland length, shape, and branching patterns. We then quantify gland behavior with respect to organization around the embryo and proximity of each gland to the uterine lumen. We apply this image analysis pipeline to uterine glands at the peri‐implantation time points of a mouse pregnancy. Our analysis reveals that at the time of embryo or egg entry into the uterus, glands show changes in length, tortuosity, and proximity to the uterine lumen while gland branch number stays the same. Eventually, these shape changes aid in reorganization of the glands around the embryo implantation site. We further apply our analysis pipeline to human and guinea pig uterine glands, extending feasibility to other mammalian species.ConclusionThis work serves as a resource for researchers to extract quantitative and reproducible morphological features from three‐dimensional uterine gland images to reveal insights about functional and structural patterns.
Predator Personality Variation, Not the Multiple Stressors of Temperature and Light, Determines Feeding Motivation in an Ambush Piscivore Saxatilia proteus
Authors: Brown Lucy J. , Ioannou Christos C. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTEnvironmental conditions in freshwater ecosystems are increasingly determined by human activity. Increased temperature and light intensity are among the anthropogenic stressors dramatically altering these ecosystems, for example, through deforestation that reduces canopy cover of riparian vegetation. Simultaneous exposure to multiple stressors complicates predictions of responses to environmental stressors due to potential interactions, yet the interaction between temperature and light intensity on feeding motivation remains poorly understood. Here, a fully factorial design was employed to investigate the combined effect of increased temperature and light intensity on the feeding motivation of a freshwater predator, the pike cichlid Saxatilia proteus. Strikes toward food items were used to quantify the subjects' motivation to feed. We found no effect of temperature or light intensity on feeding motivation, either individually or as an interaction. Our repeated measures design allowed us to test whether the predatory fish showed personality variation, i.e., consistent inter‐individual differences, in their motivation to feed. While the time taken to make the first strike was not consistently different between individuals, the number of strikes in 1 min, 3 min and the time taken for the 10th strike (which were strongly correlated to one another) was consistently different between individuals. This variation could not be explained by variation in body length, which had no effect as a main effect. Thus, we suggest that anthropogenic effects that alter the composition of individuals in a population of predators, for example selective harvesting, will have a greater ecological effect than direct short‐term effects of variability in environmental factors.
Playback‐Aided Surveys and Acoustic Monitoring in the Detection of the Endangered Forest Owlet Athene blewitti
Authors: Rajan Amrutha , Neema Aditi , Trivedi Pranav G. , Worah Sejal , M. R. Meera , Mukherjee Shomita , Robin V. V. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTMonitoring rare and endangered species over the long term is challenging due to limited historical data and comparable methods. Climate and landscape changes can significantly impact species distributions, driving some to extinction. The Forest Owlet is an endangered bird considered extinct but rediscovered after 113 years in 1997. Since its rediscovery, followed by the description of its calls, there have been regular recent sightings of the species from newer locations, leading to its downlisting in the IUCN Red List from critically endangered to endangered. In the Dang region in Gujarat, India, there have been no historical records despite previous systematic ornithological studies over three decades, but have multiple sightings over the last few years. Although we now know a little more about the broad association of the species occurrence with habitat and climate variables, a major focus of this study is to estimate the reasons for the “appearance” of the Forest Owlet in Dangs. We revisited locations of past surveys to determine if the species is currently found in the study sites where it was previously unrecorded. We also examine whether new survey methods using playback of its call could enhance its detection. During resurveys, we located the Forest Owlet at new, previously unrecorded locations. Analyses of satellite imagery products revealed significant changes in the broader Dang landscape, including the loss of native forests, increased agriculture, and shifts in mean maximum temperature and rainfall. Our research suggests playback can enhance detection, although its effectiveness varies across landscapes. A detection strategy for long‐term monitoring was developed using different acoustic detectors. An effective detection distance of 300 m within the habitat was achieved using automated recording units (ARUs). Although the species responds to climate and habitat change, the cause of the increased reports of this endangered species remains undetermined. However, we found increased detections using newer survey techniques involving bioacoustics. We recommend using these techniques carefully for future baseline studies, which are urgently required.
Biogeography of Australian Camphorosmeae and Diversification in Climatic Space and Across Arid Habitat Types
Authors: Berasategui Jessica A. , Čalasan Anže Žerdoner , Kadereit Gudrun 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis study investigates the biogeography of the Australian Camphorosmeae (Amaranthaceae s.l.) lineage and how it relates to shifts in climatic niche and habitat types. Building on previous research and data resources, we integrate molecular phylogenetics, bioclimatic data and biogeographical models to deepen our understanding of the diversification and adaptation of this group across Australia's diverse landscapes in relation to palaeoclimatic changes. For 159 species representing 12 genera, georeferenced distribution points were used to define the most informative bioclimatic variables using principal component analysis. Evolutionary shifts in climatic niches and habitat types were analysed, revealing clade‐specific shifts and adaptations to different habitats and climatic conditions. Biogeographical analyses allowed us to infer ancestral areas of Camphorosmeae in Australia and relate their expansion over evolutionary time to habitat shifts. Preadaptation of this group to warm and dry habitats coupled with key periods of aridification in Australia, particularly during the Late Miocene to Pliocene, were critical in driving its diversification through migration and local adaptation to varied habitats of arid Australia. Our analyses suggest that the ‘Riverine Desert’ habitat offered suitable conditions for ancestral Australian Camphorosmeae and facilitated their early widespread dispersal in the Western and Eastern Desert. We hypothesise that early diverging lineages such as Roycea adapted to the later emerging ‘Desert Lake’ habitat when it spread in Western Australia during the Early Pliocene. Further, habitat type shifts occurred from ‘Riverine Desert’ to ‘Shield Plain’, ‘Karst Plain’ and to ‘Sand Desert’ also during the Pliocene and Pleistocene once these habitat types emerged. This study illustrates the complex interplay between ecological flexibility and niche conservatism in shaping the biodiversity of Australian Camphorosmeae.
The devil‐angel shift in times of crisis: How Swiss scientists used policy narratives during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Ksinsik Jule 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis paper studies how scientists participated in policy debates during the COVID‐19 pandemic in Switzerland not only by telling facts but also by telling stories. It combines insights from Narrative Policy Framework and science communication literature with a conceptualization of scientific advice to study how scientists used narratives and the devil‐angel shift narrative strategy to communicate about policies and problems. Quantitative content analysis of Swiss newspaper articles shows that in statements with problem advice scientists use more narratives than in statements with policy advice and that the devil‐angel shift score for problem advice is significantly lower for narratives with problem advice. Overall, the research shows that problem advice is a good predictor for the use of the devil shift. However, when scientists used narratives with policy advice, they often followed a negative narrative strategy that also highlights problems.
Determinants of health‐related quality of life of patients with focal epilepsy: A systematic literature review
Authors: Engelhart Pamela , Marcin Caleb , Lerner Jason , Dill David , L'Italien Gil , Coric Vlad , Matsumoto Joyce , Potashman Michele H. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectiveFocal epilepsy can have significant negative impacts on a person's health‐related quality of life (HRQoL). Although studies have been published on HRQoL in persons with focal epilepsy (PWFE), determinants of HRQoL have not been comprehensively examined. This systematic literature review (SLR) queried existing literature to identify aspects associated with HRQoL in PWFE without focus on resective epilepsy surgery, with an interest in identifying modifiable determinants for medical/nonmedical interventions.MethodsThis SLR was conducted in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses guidelines. Searches were conducted in PubMed and Google Scholar for articles published from January 1, 1900, to February 19, 2023, reporting on the association between HRQoL or employability and a range of demographic, psychosocial, or epilepsy‐related factors and comorbidities in PWFE.ResultsA total of 879 abstracts were identified, with 126 manuscripts reviewed and 37 studies selected for inclusion that quantified the relationship between HRQoL and the variable of interest by multivariate (N = 21) or univariate only (N = 15) methods; 10 multivariate models also included univariate data. In adjusted models, the most commonly examined determinants of HRQoL included depression (n = 15/21), number of antiseizure medications (ASMs; n = 13/21), seizure frequency (continuous seizure count, n = 11/21; seizure freedom, n = 5/21), anxiety (n = 10/21), duration of disease (n = 9/21), and cognition (n = 9/21). Depression, anxiety, and cognition were frequently seen as significant contributors to HRQoL when studied (14/15 [93%], 9/10 [90%], and 7/9 [78%], respectively). Among concepts studied less frequently, ASM severity/adverse event burden was significant each time examined (in 5/19 studies). Attainment of seizure freedom and employability was significant 75% (n = 3/4) and 72% (n = 5/7) of the time, respectively.SignificancePoor HRQoL in PWFE can be attributed to a multitude of factors, including depression, anxiety, factors in disease management, and employability. An unmet need remains in addressing elements associated with poor HRQoL in this population.
Cervical Lymph Nodes Metastasis From Non‐head and Neck Primary Carcinomas: A Retrospective Analysis of 1448 Patients
Authors: Rao Jin‐Hui , Zha Cheng‐Peng , Zhang Wen‐Da , Cheng Liu‐Han , Lei Qian , Xie Tao , Peng Wen , Ye Pei‐Jing , Zhang Min‐Yue , Xing Yu‐Jie , Sun Chuan‐Zheng , Li Lei 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo investigate the clinicopathological features of individuals who have cervical lymph node metastasis (CLNM) from non‐head and neck primary carcinomas.MethodsThe data of 1448 patients diagnosed with CLNM from non‐head and neck primary carcinomas at the Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, China, from January 2013 to December 2023 were collected. The patients' general information, imaging data, and pathological information were retrospectively analyzed.ResultsThere were 780 men and 668 women among the 1448 patients, for a male‐to‐female ratio of 1.17:1. The median age was 56 years (range 21–81 years). The most prevalent primary sites in males were the lung (n = 508, 65.1%) and, in females, the breast (n = 276, 41.3%). The most prevalent pathological kind (n = 949), or 65.5% of cases, was adenocarcinoma. There was a significant difference in the proportion of adenocarcinoma between males (n = 385, 49.4%) and females (n = 564, 84.4%). The common sites of CLNM from non‐head and neck primary carcinomas were level V (1,236 cases, 85.4%). In a subgroup of 1133 patients with primary cancer located in symmetrical or unilateral organs, 60.3% exhibited ipsilateral lymph node metastasis, 27.6% had bilateral lymph node metastasis, and 12.1% showed contralateral lymph node metastasis exclusively.ConclusionFor patients with CLNM, especially those with metastasis to cervical areas IV‐V and those with adenocarcinoma pathology, it is particularly important to screen for primary foci in the lungs, breast, urogenital system, and digestive system after excluding head and neck primary cancers.