bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Single versus multiple cervical dilation by osmotic dilator before induction of labor for second‐trimester abortion
Authors: Lee Misooja , Mimura Kazuya , Endoh Masayuki , Kawanishi Yoko , Miyake Tatsuya , Kakigano Aiko , Takiuchi Tsuyoshi , Matsuzaki Shinya , Tomimatsu Takuji , Kimura Tadashi 
Published: February 2019

AbstractAimIn this study, we aimed to investigate whether there was a significant prognostic difference between single and multiple cervical dilations when inducing second‐trimester abortion.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective review of 238 pregnant women who underwent termination of pregnancy at 12–21 weeks of gestation at Osaka University Hospital in Osaka, Japan, between January 2010 and May 2018. Termination of pregnancy was performed by vaginal administration of 1 mg gemeprost every 3 h for up to five doses per day after uterine cervical dilation using lamicel.ResultsThe women were categorized into two groups: 191 women had a delivery time of <24 h, whereas 47 had delivery times >24 h. Contrasting the groups, there were significant differences with regard to numbers of primiparas (88 [46.1%] and 32 [68.1%], respectively) and lamicel exchanges ± SD (1.9 ± 0.67 for <24 h and 2.4 ± 0.87 for >24 h, respectively). Additionally, we compared the prognosis of primiparas that received just a single lamicel with that of primiparas that had ≥2 exchanged, but no significant differences were noted in the number of patients with a delivery time of >24 h and the number of used gemeprost.ConclusionPrimipara is a risk factor for delayed delivery time of induced abortion. However, increasing the number of exchanged lamicel did not significantly reduce the delivery time; therefore, it should be performed as minimally as possible.
Characteristics associated with loss to post‐partum follow‐up among adolescent mothers
Authors: Aungsataporn Sansanee , Phaloprakarn Chadakarn , Tangjitgamol Siriwan 
Published: February 2019

AbstractAimTo identify the rate and associated factors of loss to post‐partum follow‐up among adolescent mothers.MethodsA matched case–control study was conducted among Thai adolescents who gave birth between January 2011 and December 2016 and were scheduled for a 6‐week post‐partum visit. Cases (n = 568) included mothers who did not return for follow‐up whereas controls (n = 568) were mothers who attended a post‐partum visit. Cases were matched with controls according to age group and date of delivery.ResultsDuring the study period, 2335 Thai adolescent mothers were scheduled for a post‐partum visit. Of these, 568 mothers (24.3%) did not return for post‐partum care. The strongest predictor for loss to post‐partum follow‐up was inadequate number of antenatal visits (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.14, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.51–3.04), followed by being single/separated/divorced (aOR 1.58, 95% CI 1.08–2.29) and lower level of education (aOR 1.57, 95% CI 1.14–2.17). Being a student was a positive factor associated with post‐partum visit attendance (aOR 0.57, 95% CI 0.40–0.80).ConclusionApproximately one quarter of adolescent mothers did not attend a post‐partum visit. Three independent characteristics associated with loss to post‐partum follow‐up included inadequate number of antenatal visits, being single/separated/divorced and lower level of education. Being a student was positively associated with post‐partum visit attendance. Intensive intervention programs including using technology to remind post‐partum women, home visits and counseling during the immediate post‐partum period should be implemented to increase the post‐partum attendance rate among adolescent mothers.
Trait‐Related Concepts Activate Stereotypically Consistent Concepts on the Same Stereotype Dimension, But May not Spread to the Other Stereotype Dimension
Authors: Goto Takayuki , Ichimura Kenshiro , Oka Ryunosuke , Kawamura Yuta , Kusumi Takashi 
Published: February 2019

AbstractApplying the stereotype‐content model, which categorizes stereotypes into two dimensions (warmth and competence), we investigated whether gender‐stereotype‐related concepts activate other concepts on the same dimension and concepts on the other dimension. To test this, we conducted two experiments, both based on the Deese–Roediger–McDermott paradigm. In Experiment 1, we conceptually replicated the results of previous research, which revealed that when trait‐related words are presented to participants, gender‐stereotype‐related concepts induce the later false recognition of stereotypically consistent non‐presented words. Then, in Experiment 2, we revealed that exposure to gender‐stereotype‐related concepts induces the false recognition of non‐presented words relevant to stereotypical concepts on the same dimension, but not those on the other dimension. We conclude by discussing the underlying process of ambivalent stereotype activations, referring to implicit processes and system justification.
Pharmacokinetics of vitacoxib in rabbits after intravenous and oral administration
Authors: Wang Jianzhong , Xue Jiao , Zhang Lu , Zhang Suxia , Li Jing , Cao Xingyuan 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis study describes the pharmacokinetics of vitacoxib in healthy rabbits following administration of 10 mg/kg intravenous (i.v.) and 10 mg/kg oral. Twelve New Zealand white rabbits were randomly allocated to two equally sized treatment groups. Blood samples were collected at predetermined times from 0 to 36 hr after treatment. Plasma drug concentrations were determined using UPLC‐MS/MS. Pharmacokinetic analysis was completed using noncompartmental methods via WinNonlin™ 6.4 software. The mean concentration area under curve (AUClast) for vitacoxib was determined to be 11.0 ± 4.37 μg hr/ml for i.v. administration and 2.82 ± 0.98 μg hr/ml for oral administration. The elimination half‐life (T1/2λz) was 6.30 ± 2.44 and 6.30 ± 1.19 hr for the i.v. and oral route, respectively. The Cmax (maximum plasma concentration) and Tmax (time to reach the observed maximum (peak) concentration at steady‐state) following oral application were 189 ± 83.1 ng/ml and 6.58 ± 3.41 hr, respectively. Mean residence time (MRTlast) following i.v. injection was 6.91 ± 3.22 and 11.7 ± 2.12 hr after oral administration. The mean bioavailability of oral administration was calculated to be 25.6%. No adverse effects were observed in any rabbit. Further studies characterizing the pharmacodynamics of vitacoxib are required to develop a formulation of vitacoxib for rabbits.
Noradrenaline inhibits neurogenic propulsive motor patterns but not neurogenic segmenting haustral progression in the rabbit colon
Authors: Hanman Alicia , Chen Ji‐Hong , Parsons Sean P. , Huizinga Jan D. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBackgroundExcessive sympathetic inhibition may be a cause of colon motor dysfunction. Our aim was to better understand the mechanisms of sympathetic inhibition on colonic motor patterns using the rabbit colon, hypothesizing that noradrenaline selectively inhibits propulsive motor patterns.MethodsChanges in motor patterns of the rabbit colon were studied ex vivo using noradrenaline and adrenoceptor antagonists and analyzed using spatiotemporal diameter maps.Key ResultsNoradrenaline abolished propulsive contractions: it abolished the long‐distance contractions (LDCs) from a baseline frequency of 0.8 ± 0.3 and the clusters of fast propagating contractions (FPCs) at a frequency of 14.4 ± 2.8 cpm. Both motor patterns recovered after addition of the α2‐adrenoceptor antagonist yohimbine to a frequency of 0.5 ± 0.2 and 9.9 ± 3.3 cpm, respectively. The β‐adrenoceptor antagonist propranolol did not prevent the loss of propulsive motor patterns with noradrenaline. Noradrenaline did not inhibit haustral boundary contractions and increased the frequency of the myogenic ripples from 8.3 ± 1.4 to 10.5 ± 1.3 cpm which was not affected by yohimbine, propranolol nor the α1‐adrenoceptor blocker prazosin.Conclusions and InferencesNoradrenergic inhibition of propulsive motor patterns is mediated by the α2‐adrenoceptor to inhibit the neurogenic LDCs and the neurogenic clustering of FPCs. The neurogenic haustral boundary contractions are not affected, suggesting that α2‐receptors are on selective neural circuits. The excitatory effect of noradrenaline on ripples may be due to the activation of adrenoceptors on interstitial cells of Cajal, but action on α1‐receptors was excluded. No role for the β‐adrenoceptor was found.
Limited genetic diversity across pathogen populations responsible for the global emergence of boxwood blight identified using SSRs
Authors: LeBlanc N. , Gehesquière B. , Salgado‐Salazar C. , Heungens K. , Crouch J. A. 
Published: February 2019

Boxwood blight is an emerging disease of ornamental as well as native boxwood. The disease became widely established in Europe at the beginning of the 21st century, prior to its more recent discovery in North America and Asia. Two sister‐species of fungi cause the disease, Calonectria pseudonaviculata (Cps) and C. henricotiae (Che). Prior efforts to quantify intraspecific genetic polymorphisms of Cps and Che have yielded little information, limiting the ability to understand the evolution and migration of these pathogens. This study describes the development and implementation of simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers to analyse genetic diversity from a global collection of Cps and Che isolates, representing major blight outbreaks since the disease was first identified in the UK in the late 1990s. Analysis of the Cps CB002 genome sequence identified 180 single copy SSR loci using stringent search criteria, 11 of which were polymorphic and used to screen a global sample of 306 isolates. Fourteen multilocus genotypes of Cps and two multilocus genotypes of Che were identified. Twelve of the 14 Cps genotypes differed from each other by a single allele. The most common Cps genotype was found on all continents where boxwood blight is confirmed. Based on measurement of linkage disequilibrium, Cps showed no evidence of sexual recombination. Further in silico analysis identified 1594 SSRs using relaxed SSR definition criteria. Comparison of these SSR‐containing loci with Cps and Che genome sequences representing three different genotypes demonstrated that single nucleotide polymorphisms might serve as informative genetic markers for future studies.
Oral care of a patient with a SAPHO syndrome and a nickel allergy
Authors: Campana Sophie‐Caroline , Canceill Thibault , Esclassan Rémi 
Published: February 2019

AbstractSAPHO is an acronym for Synovitis, Acne, Pustulosis, Hyperostosis and Osteitis. The syndrome is difficult to diagnose because it may present many different manifestations in adults and children. Its origin is still unknown, although some infectious, genetic and immune hypotheses have been put forward. We report the case of a 49‐year‐old woman with SAPHO syndrome, who developed a serious cutaneous allergy following the insertion of a removable partial denture (RPD). The oral care and treatment of this patient are described.
Motivational interviewing and oral health education: Experiences from a sample of elderly individuals in North and Northeast Philadelphia
Authors: Tellez Marisol , Myers Virtue Shannon , Neckritz Sheryl , Bhoopathi Vinodh , Hernández Matilde , Shearer Barbara 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBackgroundHealth education has a focus on knowledge dissemination and advice giving, which seldom translates into behavioral changes. Motivational interviewing (MI) has potential for helping elderly patients. However, most oral health studies conducted to date have excluded older individuals, and the outcomes examined have been exclusively clinical. This study examines the treatment fidelity of an individual‐based MI intervention and assesses baseline characteristics related to older adults’ self‐efficacy (SE), oral‐health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL), oral health knowledge, and facilitators, barriers, and confidence on achieving MI goals.MethodsA convenience sample of 60 seniors was recruited. Participants were obtained through the flow of patients at dental clinics, and received a 45‐min individual‐based MI education session during a scheduled dental appointment.ResultsRegarding MI treatment fidelity, basic proficiency or higher was achieved in all global areas. Significant correlations were found between SE and OHRQoL scores and rating elements of the MI intervention (P = 0.0001). Lack of knowledge related to connections between poly pharmacy and caries risk, and the importance of use of fluorides were evident.ConclusionFindings from the study support the reliability of this new MI intervention. Dental professionals are encouraged to adopt the spirit of MI in their one‐on‐one patient counseling.
Functional Imaging of the Implicit Association of the Self With Life and Death
Authors: Ballard Elizabeth D. , Reed Jessica L. , Szczepanik Joanna , Evans Jennifer W. , Yarrington Julia S. , Dickstein Daniel P. , Nock Matthew K. , Nugent Allison C. , Zarate Carlos A. 
Published: February 2019

ObjectiveA critical need exists to identify objective markers of suicide ideation. One potential suicide risk marker is the Suicide Implicit Association Task (S‐IAT), a behavioral task that uses differential reaction times to compare the implicit association between the self and death to the implicit association between the self and life. Individuals with a stronger association between the self and death on the S‐IAT are more likely to attempt suicide in the future. To better understand the neural underpinnings of the implicit association between self and either life or death, a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) version of the S‐IAT was adapted and piloted in healthy volunteers.MethodAn fMRI version of the S‐IAT was administered to 28 healthy volunteers (ages 18–65, 14F/14M).ResultsBehavioral results were comparable to those seen in non‐scanner versions of the task. The task was associated with patterns of neural activation in areas relevant to emotional processing, specifically the insula and right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex.ConclusionsPerformance on the S‐IAT fMRI task may reflect scores obtained outside of the scanner. In future evaluations, this task could help assess whether individuals at increased risk of suicide display a different pattern of neural activation in response to self/death and self/life stimuli.
Predicting Known Terrorist Event Outcomes and the Illusion of Self‐Assessed Expertise*
Authors: Regens James L. , Mould Nick , Foster Clay 
Published: February 2019

ObjectiveThis study focuses on the influence of self‐assessed expertise on forecasting accuracy for incomplete information. We investigate this ability in individuals using a series of indicators of terrorist behaviors.MethodAn instrument containing incomplete data on terrorist attacks was provided to participants. Participants were instructed to predict missing values. The accuracy of approximately 1,900 forecasts was determined. The influence of self‐identified statistical ability, terrorism familiarity, and an empirical measure of pattern recognition ability on accuracy was investigated.ResultsThe results of the experiment indicate that neither self‐assessed statistical ability nor terrorism familiarity have a significant influence on forecast accuracy. Interestingly, the empirical estimate of pattern recognition ability also had no appreciable effect on accuracy.ConclusionThis study indicates that statistical ability and terrorism familiarity have little effect on forecast accuracy. Innate pattern recognition ability also showed no significant relationship with accuracy. These findings suggest that self‐identified expertise should initially be viewed with some level of skepticism.
Modelling white mica pressure‐temperature‐time (P‐T‐t) paths using thermobarometric and 40Ar/39Ar thermochronologic data
Authors: Gonzalez Joseph P. , Baldwin Suzanne L. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractWhite micas are major rock forming minerals in igneous and metamorphic rocks, and their chemical and isotopic variations can be used to determine pressure, temperature and time (P‐T‐t) histories. We apply 40Ar/39Ar multi‐diffusion domain modelling to white micas from blueschists blocks in serpentinite matrix mélange from the exhumed Baja California subduction complex. Thermal history models yielded T‐t paths suggesting that 40Ar* resides within multiple diffusion domains with varying 40Ar* retentivity. Modelled white mica thermal histories and thermobarometric data were used to forward model continuous P‐T‐t paths. P‐T‐t paths are consistent with previous studies and are interpreted to constrain blueschist block exhumation paths within the Baja accretionary wedge. Our P‐T‐t models use temperature controlled 40Ar/39Ar step heat data in which argon loss by volume diffusion can be demonstrated, and for which the white mica petrogenesis is known.
Factoral Analysis of the Financial Leverage of the Enterprise
Authors: Chiladze Izolda 
Published: February 2019

The activities of the enterprises always involve some uncertainty, therefore there is always a risk that objectives may not be achieved. So, theoretical and practical aspects of business risks are always relevant. The goal of the research is to select the general indicator of the financial risk between the leverage coefficients of the enterprises and to create its’ factorial model. The subject of research is the system of financial leverage ratios of the enterprise. Financial information on Georgian wine companies is used for the practical provision for research. As a result of the research has been created a new factor model of the general indicator of financial leverage. It is possible to measure five-factor indicators making an impact on the level of financial leverage. Its regular analysis will help enterprise management to fully control and manage the financial risks of the enterprise, to implement adequate measures on the basis of which the financial stability of the enterprise would not be jeopardized, which is also in the public interest.
Expert’s Choice: 2018’s Most Exciting Research in the Field of Pediatric Exercise Science
Authors: Eliakim Alon , Falk Bareket , Armstrong Neil , Baptista Fátima , Behm David G. , Dror Nitzan , Faigenbaum Avery D. , Janz Kathleen F. , Jürimäe Jaak , McGowan Amanda L. , Nemet Dan , Pianosi Paolo T. , Pontifex Matthew B. , Radom-Aizik Shlomit , Rowland Thomas , Rowlands Alex V. 
Published: February 2019

This commentary highlights 23 noteworthy publications from 2018, selected by leading scientists in pediatric exercise science. These publications have been deemed as significant or exciting in the field as they (a) reveal a new mechanism, (b) highlight a new measurement tool, (c) discuss a new concept or interpretation/application of an existing concept, or (d) describe a new therapeutic approach or clinical tool in youth. In some cases, findings in adults are highlighted, as they may have important implications in youth. The selected publications span the field of pediatric exercise science, specifically focusing on: aerobic exercise and training; neuromuscular physiology, exercise, and training; endocrinology and exercise; resistance training; physical activity and bone strength; growth, maturation, and exercise; physical activity and cognition; childhood obesity, physical activity, and exercise; pulmonary physiology or diseases, exercise, and training; immunology and exercise; cardiovascular physiology and disease; and physical activity, inactivity, and health.
Support for smoke-free policy among Malaysian adults: findings from a population-based study
Authors: Kuang Hock Lim , Hui Li Lim , Chien Huey Teh , Yuvaneswary Veloo , Sayan Pan , Muhd Yusoff Muhammad Fadhli , Kuang Kuay Lim , Miaw Yn Ling , Kee Chee Cheong , Sumarni Mohd Ghazali 
Published: February 2019

ObjectivePublic opinion and support can be powerful mandates for smoke-free policy. However, the scarcity of evidence on public opinion among Malaysians necessitates further investigation. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the level of support for smoke-free policy at various public domains and its associated factors among Malaysian adults.DesignData were derived from the Global Adult Tobacco Survey, Malaysia (GATS-M). GATS-M is a nationwide study that employed a multistage, proportionate-to-size sampling strategy to select a representative sample of 5112 Malaysian adults aged 15 years and above. Multiple logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with support for smoke-free policy in selected public domains that is, workplaces, restaurants, bars, hotels, casinos, karaoke centres, public transport terminals and shopping centres.ResultsThe level of support for enactment of a smoke-free policy at selected public domains varied from 37.8% to 94.4%, with the highest support was for gazetted smoke-free domains, namely, shopping centres (94.4%, 95% CI: 93.2% to 95.3%) and public transport terminals (85.2%, 95% CI: 83.3% to 86.9%). Multiple logistic regression revealed that non-smokers were more likely to support smoke-free policy at all domains. In addition, respondents who worked in workplaces with total or partial smoking restrictions were more likely to support a smoke-free policy ((total restriction adjusted OR (AOR): 14.94 (6.44 to 34.64); partial restriction AOR: 2.96 (1.138 to 6.35); non-restriction was applied as a reference).ConclusionA majority of the Malaysian adult population supported the smoke-free policy, especially at gazetted smoke-free domains. Therefore, expansion of a total smoking ban to workplaces, restaurants, bars, hotels, casinos and karaoke centres is strongly recommended to reduce exposure to secondhand smoke and to denormalise smoking behaviour.
Association between statin use and herpes zoster: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Fan Lailai , Wang Yangyang , Liu Xiang , Guan Xueqiang 
Published: February 2019

ObjectiveStatins are commonly prescribed worldwide. In addition to being potent lipid-lowering agents, statins have immunomodulating properties that may increase the risk of varicella zoster virus reactivation. This adverse effect may have substantial public health implications.DesignWe performed a meta-analysis of observational studies to assess the association between statin use and the risk of herpes zoster infection. We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane databases to identify studies published from 1980 to 2018. The multivariate-adjusted ORs were pooled using random-effect models, and subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed to examine the source of heterogeneity.ResultSix studies were analysed, with a total of more than two million participants. We determined if the use of statins might increase the risk of infection of herpes zoster (OR 1.18, 95% CI 1.11 to 1. 25). We detected significant heterogeneity (I2=91.2%; p<0.000), and determined that the heterogeneity arises from regional differences.ConclusionThe use of statins may increase the risk of herpes zoster infection. Because the studies included are limited and there may be potential bias, further studies are warranted.