bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment of traumatic coxofemoral luxation with triple pelvic osteotomy in 19 dogs (1987-1999)
Authors: Lenehan T. M. , Harari J. , Gurevitch R. , Rivers B. , Tarvin G. B. , Constable P. D. , Haburjak J. J. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryThe objective of our study was to investigate, retrospectively, the role of triple pelvic osteotomy in the management of traumatic coxofemoral luxation. Nineteen patients were identified from medical record data and four dogs returned for long-term physical, goniometric and radiographic evaluation. Seventeen of nineteen dogs had maintenance of reduction of the hip. Due to poor outcome, two of these seventeen dogs required salvage procedures. Three of four dogs that returned for long-term follow-up, owner evaluation, radiographic scoring, and physical examination had satisfactory results. These four dogs had manual goniometric evaluations performed on the affected side, and the contralateral hip. A paired student t-test was used for statistical analysis, and internal rotation was the only value which was significantly (p d0.05) different between the two sides. Reduction alone is not a representation of success when evaluating open management of coxofemoral luxation, because two dogs with poor limb function necessitated femoral head and neck excision for limb salvage. The TPO does have a role in the treatment of traumatic coxofemoral luxation, but may not be sufficient in cases involving congenital dysplasia and/or intraarticular fractures.Triple pelvic osteotomy is a successful means of mitigating the sequela of congenital hip subluxation. This surgical technique can be used to manage dogs with traumatic coxofemoral luxation. There was an indication in this study that reduction alone is not a satisfactory means of evaluating management of traumatic coxofemoral luxation. Dogs with congenital dysplasia or intra-articular fractures associated with traumatic luxation may require alternate methods of reduction.
Relationships of exercise regimen and racetrack surface to modeling/remodeling of the third metacarpal bone in two year-old Thoroughbred racehorses
Authors: Nunamaker D. M. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryThe effects of two different training regimens, two different racetrack surfaces (dirt and woodchip), as well as no training (control) were studied to determine their relationships to bone modeling/remodeling and cross-sectional inertial properties in the third metacarpal bone (Mclll) of the young Thoroughbred racehorse. Eight two-year old Thoroughbred racehorses were divided into four groups and subjected to different training regimens over a period of five months. At the end of the training period 100 micron cross sections of Mclll were examined using microradiography and the cross-sectional inertial properties of MCI 11 were determined. The results showed striking differences in the appearance of the bone cross sections with most of the bone modeling occurring on the dorso- medial surface of the ‘classically’ exercised animals and bone deposition on the dorsal surface in the ‘Modified-Classical’ training groups. Inertial properties were different between the groups with the ‘Classically’ trained animals having Imin values similar to the control group while the ‘Modified-Classically’ trained group had large increases in Imin at the mid diaphysis similar to reported measurements of older racehorses. These areal measurements of the cross sections, indicating resistance to bending in the dorsal palmar direction, showed the effects of training on the individual groups.
The effect of gestagens on bone turnover in sheep
Authors: Bruppacher K. , Janett F. , Auer J. , Zeifang F. , Schneider E. , Lill C. A. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryThe effects of two gestagens on bone turnover were investigated in three groups of female sheep comparable in age and weight. Group A (n = 10) was given a single intramuscular injection of 50 mg chlormadinon acetate (CMA), group B (n = 9) received 140 mg medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA), and control group C (n = 9) received 5 ml physiological NaCI-solution. Plasma progesterone was measured weekly over 3 months. Bone mineral density (BMD) in the right distal tibia and calcaneus were determined every four weeks during the four months of the study duration, using peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT). At the same times total alkaline phosphatase (AP) was determined. No significant changes of BMD were found in the three groups during the four months. Total alkaline phosphatase showed a significant decrease of 36-45% in all groups during the first six weeks. Sheep seem to have a comparable bone metabolism to humans with respect to the short term effect of gestagens, i. e. MPA and CMA.
Mechanical comparison of six loop fixation methods with monofilament nylon leader line
Authors: Peycke L. E. , Kerwin S. C. , Metcalf J. B. , Hosgood G. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryMonofilament nylon leader line (MNL) is a popular prosthetic material used by veterinary surgeons for extra-capsular cranial cruciate ligament repair. Careful examination of MNL fixation methods has been reported, but a comprehensive comparison has not been done. This study evaluated three unpublished novel methods of MNL loop fixation [Harris wire tightener (knotter), Securos® crimp clamp system, self-locking knot] to traditional methods of MNL loop fixation (clamped square knot, sliding half hitch knot). Loops (27.3 kgt and 36.4 kgt) were distracted at 500 mm/min until failure by breaking or slipping. Ultimate force, elongation and stiffness were used for comparison of loop fixation methods. All of the loops failed by breaking within 3.0 mm of knot or clamp. The Harris knotter had significantly greater elongation than all other loops, except for the self-locking knot. The self-locking knot required the most force to failure; however, it was not superior if the doublestranded configuration was considered. If the mechanical properties of the knot method is considered in light of the subjective handling characteristics, the Securos® crimp clamp system had equivalent strength measurement for the 27.3 kgt MNL loops and was stronger than traditional methods using the 36.4 kgt MNL. The Securos® system recommends use of the larger diameter MNL and it allows a surgeon to overcome potential difficult handling characteristics previously encountered with knot formation and security.
Extracorporeal shockwave therapy for treatment of superficial digital flexor tendonitis in racing Thoroughbreds: 8 clinical cases
Authors: Hunter J. , Merritt D. K. , Reinertson E. , McClure S. R. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryExtracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) was administered to 8 racing Thoroughbreds with superficial digital flexor (SDF) tendon injuries sustained during racing or race training. The tendons were assessed ultrasonographically. The ability of the horse to return to racing was monitored. Five of 8 horses raced successfully, 2 re-injured the tendon during retraining, and 1 horse was retired due to age and lesion severity.
Traumatic fracture of the medial coronoid process in a dog
Authors: Van Ryssen B. , Taeymans O. , Van Heerden M. , Gielen I. , Risselada M. , Görtz K. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryThis case report describes an acute traumatic fracture of the medial coronoid process (MCP) in an immature male Rottweiler. On routine radiographs of the left elbow joint, clear abnormalities could not be detected. The definitive diagnosis was based on craniolaterocaudomedial oblique radiographs and a CT scan. The fragment was removed arthroscopically via a medial approach. Histologically the fragment did not show any signs of degeneration nor demineralisation, as seen in classical fragments of the medial coronoid process. One week after treatment, complete limb function had been regained. Follow-up radiographs after nine month showed a minimal increase of osteoarthrosis.
Evaluation of portal locations and periarticular structures in canine coxofemoral arthroscopy: a cadaver study
Authors: Hulse D. A. , Schulz K. S. , Saunders W. B. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryThe objectives of this study were to determine the optimum limb position for the creation of safe arthroscopy portals for coxofemoral arthroscopy, to determine anatomical landmarks for arthroscopy portals, and to determine distances of portals to periarticular neurovascular structures. Eight hemipelves were harvested from adult dogs that died for reasons unrelated to this project and were free of joint pathology as determined by gross examination at the conclusion of the study. The results suggest that the ideal limb position for canine coxofemoral arthroscopy was slight limb adduction, thirty degrees of hip flexion, with the stifle in a neutral position. With the limb in the ideal position, the arthroscope portal was 5 mm cranial (range 0 mm 10 mm) and 15 mm proximal (range 12 mm 18 mm) to the greater trochanter. The instrument portal was 10.2 mm cranial (range 5 mm 18 mm) and 14 mm proximal (range 7 mm 20 mm) to the greater trochanter. The sciatic nerve and the caudal gluteal artery were 9 mm caudal (range 6 mm 15 mm) to the arthroscope portal. This is the first study to evaluate the location of both arthroscopy portals and periarticular neurovascular structures in relation to surrounding surgical landmarks.
The use of radiofrequency energy during arthroscopic surgery and its effects on intraarticular tissues
Authors: McLaughlin R. M. , Horstman C. L. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryThe use of radiofrequency (RF) energy has become very popular in human and veterinary arthroscopic surgery since the late 1990's. Both monopolar and bipolar RF units are available. Application of RF energy to joint capsular tissue leads to immediate tissue shrinkage that is both power and temperature dependent. Changes in joint capsular tissue have been noted at temperatures greater than 65°C. Treatment of articular cartilage with RF energy leads to immediate chondrocyte damage. This damage is also power and temperature dependent and is observed at temperatures as low as 45°C. Caution should be used when applying RF energy within a joint to prevent or minimize articular cartilage injury.
Ex vivo comparison of a novel tapered-sleeve and traditional full-limb transfixation pin cast for distal radial fracture stabilization in the horse
Authors: Southwood L. L. , Nutt J. N. , Nunamaker D. M. , Elce Y. A. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryDistal radial fractures in adult horses are examples of long-bone fractures that are not always amenable to internal fixation. These fractures are often open, contaminated, severely comminuted, and located adjacent to the antebrachiocarpal joint. There have been few studies to improve upon the methods of stabilization of this type of fracture. External coaptation incorporating transfixation pins is one method that has been used to stabilize distal radial fractures in horses (1–3). The purpose of this preliminary study was to compare the load to failure in simulated weight-bearing of a novel tapered-sleeve transfixation pin cast (TSTPC) (4) with the traditional transfixation pin cast (TPC) in an ex vivo distal radial fracture model. Ten adult equine cadaveric forelimbs were randomly placed into a TPC group (n=5) or a TSTPC group (n=5). An oblique distal radial osteotomy was created prior to application of fibreglass cast material. The limbs were loaded in a single cycle to failure in simulated weight-bearing using an axial load. The mean load to failure for the TSTPC group (35,814 N) was significantly greater than in the TPC group (22,344 N) (p=0.003). Tapered sleeves in conjunction with TPC warrant further investigation because they may prolong the life of the fixation, prevent or diminish fractures through the pin sites, and increase the load capacity of external coaptation used to stabilize equine fractures.
Carpal derangement and associated carpal valgus in a dog
Authors: Doran I. C. , Owen M. R. , Comerford E. J. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryThis case report describes derangement of the numbered carpal bones resulting in a valgal growth deformity in the right carpus of a seven-month-old dog. Radiographic assessment of the right carpus revealed abnormalities in the size and shape of the numbered carpal bones and carpal valgus. Surgical correction of the growth deformity was planned by partial carpal arthrodesis; however medial collateral laxity associated with the carpal valgus necessitated a pancarpal arthrodesis to achieve correct limb alignment.
Fractures combination of the proximal antebrachium in an immature dog that resembles
Monteggia fracture
Authors: Prassinos N. N. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryA 5-month-old German shepherd dog with a combination of a proximal radial physeal fracture and a proximal ulnar diaphyseal comminuted fracture, with cranial displacement of their distal fragment, was presented. This fractures combination resembles type I Monteggia fracture. After surgical reduction of the fractures, three full-cerclage wires were used to stabilize the ulnar fracture, and two positional screws were placed across the radius and ulna immediately distally to the growth plate to hold these bones in apposition. Four weeks post-operatively, the screws were removed since sufficient callus had been formed and the dog was free of lameness. It seems that if the appropriate conditions for a type I Monteggia fracture develop in an immature dog, proximal radial physeal fracture instead of radial head luxation may accompany ulnar diaphyseal fracture.
Severe acute inflammatory reaction (SAIR) of the fetlock joint after intraarticular hyaluronate injection in a horse
Authors: Kuemmerle J. M. , Uhlig H. , Kofler J. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryHyaluronate (HA) was administered by intra-articular injection to a 13-year-old Haflinger mare for treatment of metacarpophalangeal osteoarthritis. Ten hours after the injection, a severe inflammatory reaction developed in the treated joint. While awaiting results of synovial fluid analysis, treatment for iatrogenic infectious arthritis was initiated, but the analysis did not confirm sepsis. Clinical signs improved significantly following systemic non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medication and the horse was discharged three days later. Following an intravenous hyaluronate injection, four days after discharge, the synovitis recurred. Synovial fluid analysis did not show any abnormalities, but the clinical signs were severe. The severe acute inflammatory reaction required systemic non-steroidal anti-inflammatory and intra-articular corticosteroid treatment in order to resolve the problem.
Internal Fixation of Femoral Neck Fractures in the Dog -an in vitro Study
Authors: Lambrechts N. E. , Verstraete F. J.M. , Sumner-Smith G. , Raath A.D. , van der Linde M.J. , Groeneveld H. T. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryThe in vitro performances of four recognized fixation methods of femur neck fractures in the dog were evaluated. After a simulated basilar fracture, three multiple pin techniques and a lag screw method were applied to four groups of nine freshly dissected femurs. A standardized force was applied to all specimens as well as five intact femurs and the force-deformation curve and yield points were recorded. Radiographs were taken to determine the mode of failure. The results indicate that the lag screw and three-parallel-pin techniques were significantly stronger than the two-pin methods. The pin techniques failed by either bending and/or slippage, while the lag screw failed by bending and/or pulling in of the screw head into the lateral femoral cortex.An in vitro study, comparing the mechanical performances of four fixation techniques for femoral neck fracture fixation, is presented. The lag screw and three-pin techniques were stronger than the two double-pin techniques. Fixation failure occurred through bending or slippage of the pins, or through bending of the screws or pulling of the screw head into the lateral femoral cortex.
A Case Series of 25 Dogs with Chondrosarcoma
Authors: Brash Marina , Atilola M. A. O. , Cockshutt Joanne , Sylvestre Anne 
Published: March 2018

SummaryThe purpose of this study was to examine clinical, radiographic and histological features as well as post-diagnosis survival times of 25 dogs with chrondrosarcoma (CS). The diagnoses were made on histological evaluation of surgical biopsies or post-mortem specimens. Mixed breed dogs were found to be at higher risk.Chondrosarcoma of the proximal humerus was the most difficult to diagnose, clinically resembling a nerve sheath tumour and offering few gross abnormalities or radiographic changes. Chrondrosarcoma was transarticular in one case.The histological grading used was not well correlated with survival times; location of the CS seemed to be a better indicator of prognosis. Dogs with CS on a limb had the best survival rates, whereas those with CS of the vertebrae had the worst outcome. Surgery was beneficial in the cases of CS located on facial bones and limbs.The purpose of this paper was to examine the clinical and diagnostic features and survival rates of dogs with chondrosarcoma (CS). Histological diagnoses were made in all cases, mixed breeds were over represented. The location of the tumour was a better prognostic indicator than the histological grading. Dogs with CS on a limb had the longest survival times.
Investigation of Bioabsorbable Screw Usage for Longbone Fracture Repair in the Horse: Biomechanical Features
Authors: Hearn T. C. , Arighi M. , Field J. R. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryThe purpose of the study was to compare the biomechanical features of bioabsorbable, self-reinforced polyL-lactic acid (SR-PLLA) and stainless steel 4.5 mm ASIF screws. Paired extraction tests were conducted in matched third metacarpal bones and in a synthetic bone material composed of polyurethane foam. The tests were accomplished using a servohydraulic materials testing machine. From these tests the maximum value of tensile force, achieved during extraction, was recorded as the screw “holding strength‘.Comparison of holding strengths in horse cadaver bones revealed a significant difference (p = 0.0002) between screw types. The axial tensile strength of the SR-PLLA screws (878 Newtons) was much lower than that achieved by the ASIF screws (8513 N). Subsequent testing in synthetic material again reflected significant differences (p <0.0001) between the screw types. The results may be accounted for by differences in the thread-to-core ratio between the screw types. Other factors, such as elastic deformation of the bioabsorbable screw, may also contribute through differences in the mechanical interface between screw and media.
Breed, Gender, and Age as Risk Factors for Canine Osteochondritis Dissecans
Authors: Scarlett Janet , Kaderly R. E. , Bonnett Brenda , Slater Margaret 
Published: March 2018

SummaryA retrospective case-control study of canine osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) was conducted using the hospital records at the New York State College of Veterinary Medicine between January 1980 and December 1987 and at the Ontario Veterinary College between January 1983 and June 1988. Information was collected on 208 cases and 416 controls. Breed, gender, and age (at onset of clinical signs and at diagnosis) were evaluated as risk factors for OCD of the shoulder, elbow, stifle, and hock using logistic regression. A distinct pattern of risk for large and giant breeds and certain ages emerged from the analysis for each joint. Males were more commonly affected than females only for the shoulder joint.
Trans-ilial and transsacral brace fixation of sacral fractures and sacro-iliac luxations (seven cases)
Authors: Fitch R. B. , Kudnig S. T. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryTrans-ilial brace fixation was used as the primary repair of two sacral fractures and in conjunction with a trans-sacral pin for the repair of a bilateral sacro-iliac luxation and a sacral fracture with contralateral sacroiliac luxation. Trans-ilial brace fixation was also used as a secondary fixation for two unilateral sacro-iliac luxations and a bilateral sacro-iliac luxation. Follow-up radiographic parameters were compared to post-operative radiographic parameters to assess the stability of the fixation and the progression of healing. There was not any morbidity associated with the trans-ilial brace technique and all of the cases healed uneventfully. Indications for the use of the trans-ilial brace include sacro-iliac injuries where an additional means of stability may be indicated, comminuted sacral fractures in which the landmarks for lag screw fixation are obscured and bilateral sacro-iliac injuries with the concurrent use of a trans-sacral pin.
A Meta-Model of Chemotherapy Planning in the Multi-Hospital/Multi-Trial-Center-Environment of Pediatric Oncology
Authors: Baumgarten B. , Basu O. , Graf N. , Haux R. , Herold R. , Kutscha U. , Schilling F. , Selle B. , Spiess C. , Wetter T. , Knaup P. , Garde S. 
Published: March 2018

Summary

Objective:
Chemotherapy planning in pediatric oncology is complex and time-consuming. The correctness of the calculation according to state-of-the-art research is crucial for curing the child. Computer-assistance can be of great value. The objective of our research was to work out a meta-model of chemotherapy planning based on the Unified Modeling Language (UML). The meta-model is used for the development of an application system which serves as a knowledge-acquisition tool for chemotherapy protocols in pediatric oncology as well as for providing protocol-based care.

Methods:
We applied evolutionary prototyping, software re-engineering techniques and grounded theory, a qualitative method in social research. We repeated the following steps several times over the years: Based on a requirements analysis (i) a meta-model was developed or adapted, respectively (ii). The meta-model served as a basis for implementing evolutionary prototypes (iii). Further requirements were identified (i) from clinical use of the systems.

Results:
We developed a comprehensive UML-based meta-model for chemotherapy planning in pediatric oncology (chemoMM). We implemented it and introduced evolutionary prototypes (CATIPO and DOSPO) in several medical centers. Systematic validation of the prototypes enabled us to derive a final meta-model which covers the requirements that have turned out to be necessary in clinical routine.

Conclusions:
We have developed an application system that fits well into clinical routine of pediatric oncology in Germany. Validation results have shown that the implementation of the meta-model chemoMM can adequately support the knowledge acquisition process for protocol-based care.