bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ON THE EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF COMPOSITE DESSICANTS FOR ENERGY EFFICIENT AIR DEHUMIDIFICATION
Authors: Chua K. J. , Islam M.R. 
Published: October 2018

This paper presents the development and performance characterization of new composite desiccants. The main compositions for the composite desiccants include silica gel, lithium chloride, calcium chloride and bentonite. Different percentage compositions of these four components were tested to determine the optimal material composition for improving moisture removal capacity under varying inlet air temperature and humidity, and amount of moisture released under different regenerative temperature. For the first time, four-layered composite desiccants were developed and tested experimentally to determine their moisture removal capacity and moisture regeneration capacity at temperature of about 60oC under inlet air conditions similar to Singaporeâ€™s tropical climate. The performances of these composite desiccants were benchmarked with the performance of pure silica gel - the most commonly used desiccant in the market today. It was observed experimentally, that employing a four-layered composite desiccant, comprising silica-gel (SiO2), Bentonite, Lithium Chloride (LiCl), and Calcium Chloride (CaCl2), has enabled greater moisture removal capacity for varying inlet air temperature and humidity ranging from 25 to 35oC and 55 to 95% relative humidity (RH). The percentage improvements, in contrast to pure silica gel, are 14 to 22.5%, and 10 to 26.3% for varying inlet air temperature and varying inlet RH, respectively.Â KEYWORDS: experiments; composite desiccant; dehumidification; energy efficiency
ANALYSIS AND MODELING OF SOLAR EVAPORATOR-COLLECTOR
Authors: Amin Zakaria Mohd. , Hawlader M. N. A. , Shaochun YE 
Published: October 2018

Solar energy is considered a sustainable resource that poses little to no harmful effects on the environment. The performance of a solar system depends to a great extent on the collector used for the conversion of solar radiant energy to thermal energy. A solar evaporator-collector (SEC) is basically an unglazed flat plate collector where refrigerants, such as R134a is used as the working fluid. As the operating temperature of the SEC is very low, it utilizes both solar irradiation and ambient energy leading to a much higher efficiency than the conventional collectors. This capability of SECs to utilize ambient energy also enables the system to operate at night. This type of collector can be locally made and is relatively much cheaper than the conventional collector.Â Â At the National University of Singapore, the evaporator-collector was integrated to a heat pump and the performance was investigated for several thermal applications: (i) water heating, (ii) drying and (iii) desalination. A 2-dimensional transient mathematical model of this system was developed and validated by experimental data. The present study provides a comprehensive study of performance.Â KEYWORDS: heat pump; evaporator-collector.
ENERGY AUDIT OF A TEXTILE MILL â€“ A CASE STUDY
Authors: Abid Muhammad 
Published: October 2018

The textile industry plays a pivotal role in Pakistanâ€™s economy. The industryâ€˜s share for overall manufacturing activity is 46%; in the export sector it is 68%; in value addition it is 9% of GDP and in providing employment it is 38%, in addition to the foreign exchange earnings, investment and contribution to the value added industry. In spite of this major contribution, the textile industry is at a severe risk due to hefty increases in energy costs. Keeping in view of these challenges in order to technically support the textile industry, energy audit of a textile mill ihas been carried out and areas of energy wastage are identified with an estimated cost saving of almost Rs. 6.8 million. Finally recommendations are given for cost effective measures for efficient energy usage, estimation of implementation costs and payback periods.KEYWORDS: Â energy; audit; loss; consumption; economy
OPTIMIZATION OF FLOCCULATION PROCESS BY MICROBIAL COAGULANT IN RIVER WATER
Authors: Murad Fatin Nabilah 
Published: October 2018

The existing process of coagulation and flocculation are using chemicals that known as cationic coagulant such as alum, ferric sulfate, calcium oxide, and organic polymers.Â Thus, this study concentrates on optimizing of flocculation process by microbial coagulant in river water. Turbidity and suspended solids are the main constraints of river water quality in Malaysia. Hence, a study is proposed to produce microbial coagulants isolated locally for river water treatment. The chosen microbe used as the bioflocculant producer is Aspergillus niger. The parameters to optimization in the flocculation process were pH, bioflocculant dosage and effluent concentration. The research was done in the jar test process and the process parameters for maximum turbidity removal was validated. The highest flocculating activity was obtained on day seven of cultivation in the supernatant. The optimum pH and bioflocculant dosage for an optimize sedimentation process were between 4-5 and 2-3 mL for 0.3 g/L of effluent concentration respectively. The model was validated by using a river water sample from Sg. Pusu and the result showed that the model was acceptable to evaluate the bioflocculation process.
A STUDY ON CAPABILITIES OF DIFFERENT ELECTRODE MATERIALS DURING ELECTRICAL DISCHARGE MACHINING (EDM)
Authors: Al Hazza Muataz Hazza Faizi 
Published: October 2018

Electrode material inelectro discharge machining EDM process plays an important role in terms of material removal rate (MRR), electrode wear rate (EWR) and surface roughness (Ra). The purpose of this research is to investigate the capability of different electrode materials: copper, aluminum and graphite in EDM of AISI 304 stainless steel as a work piece. The research focuses on three current settings: 2.5A, 4.5A and 6.5A using kerosene as dielectric fluid. The experiment is planned and analyzed using full factorial of the experimental design using response surface methodology (RSM). two outputs have been investigated: MRR and EWR. The results indicated that the responses increased with the increase in current. Finally the desirability function method have been used to determine the optimum values. The resulat show that the maximum MRR and Â the minimum EWR were achieved by using graphite electrode at current 6.5A.
Numerical Investigation of Parameters Affecting the Thermal and Hydrodynamic Characteristics of Impinging Jets in Cross Flow
Authors: Suloiman B. M. , A. Jubran B. 
Published: October 2018

In this investigation the hydrodynamic and the thermal fields due to a single impinging jet in cross-flow have been investigated numerically, using a 2-D axisymmetric model in order to predict the ground vortex characteristics. The parameters investigated include the effective velocity ratio, the nozzle height, the nozzle pressure ratio, the intake location, the intake mass flow rate and the jet temperature ratio. It is interesting to note that even with the 2-D modeling limitations it was possible to capture most of the thermal and fluid field characteristics of the ground vortex. It was found that the temperature distribution in the flow field is greatly affected by the effective velocity, and the maximum penetration point of the ground vortex is equal to the hot gas penetration. The ground vortex strength increases slightly with increasing the intake mass flow rate but has a minor effect on the ground vortex geometry and on the penetration of the hot gases. The intake location has a significant effect on the ground vortex strength when it is located upstream of the ground vortex core. Key Words: Numerical investigation, Turbulence Models, Impinging jets, Cross-flow.
Design And Implementation of Dsp-Based Intelligent Controller For Automobile Braking System
Authors: M.J.E. Salami S.N. Sidek and 
Published: October 2018

An intelligent braking system has great potential applications especially, in developed countries where research on smart vehicle and intelligent highways are receiving ample attention. The system when integrated with other subsystems like automatic traction control, intelligent throttle, and auto cruise systems, etc will result in smart vehicle maneuver. The driver at the end of the day will become the passenger, safety accorded the highest priority and the journey optimized in term of time duration, cost, efficiency and comfortability. The impact of such design and development will cater for the need of contemporary society that aspires to a quality drive as well as to accommodate the advancement of technology especially in the area of smart sensors and actuators. The emergence of digital signal processor enhances the capacity and features of universal microcontroller. This paper introduces the use of TI DSP, TMS320LF2407 as an engine of the system. The overall system is designed so that the value of inter-vehicle distance from infrared laser sensor and speed of follower car from speedometer are fed into the DSP for processing, resulting in the DSP issuing commands to the actuator to function appropriately.Key words: Smart Vehicle, Digital Signal Processor, Fuzzy Controller, and Infra Red Laser Sensor
Influence of Chatter of VMC Arising During End Milling Operation and Cutting Conditions on Quality of Machined Surface
Authors: M. Razman A.K.M.N. Amin, M.A. Rizal, and 
Published: October 2018

Machine tool chatter is a dynamic instability of the cutting process. Chatter results in poor part surface finish, damaged cutting tool, and an irritating and unacceptable noise. Exten¬sive research has been undertaken to study the mechanisms of chatter formation. Efforts have been also made to prevent the occurrence of chatter vibration. Even though some progress have been made, fundamental studies on the mechanics of metal cutting are necessary to achieve chatter free operation of CNC machine tools to maintain their smooth operating cycle. The same is also true for Vertical Machining Centres (VMC), which operate at high cutting speeds and are capable of offering high metal removal rates. The present work deals with the effect of work materials, cutting conditions and diameter of end mill cutters on the frequency-amplitude characteristics of chatter and on machined surface roughness. Vibration data were recorded using an experimental rig consisting of KISTLER 3-component dynamometer model 9257B, amplifier, scope meters and a PC. Three different types of vibrations were observed. The first type was a low frequency vibration, associated with the interrupted nature of end mill operation. The second type of vibration was associated with the instability of the chip formation process and the third type was due to chatter. The frequency of the last type remained practically unchanged over a wide range of cutting speed. It was further observed that chip-tool contact processes had considerable effect on the roughness of the machined surface.Key Words: Chatter, Cutting Conditions, Stable Cutting, Surface Roughness.
Continuously Tunable Erbium-Doped Fiber Ring Laser Using Fiber Bragg Grating
Authors: P. Poopalan S. W. Harun H. Ahmad  and 
Published: October 2018

An efficient tunable erbium-doped fiber (EDF) ring laser utilizing a single fiber Bragg grating (FBG) and an optical circulator is investigated. The laser demonstrates a threshold of 3.43 mW and a slope efficiency of 12.5%. Tunability of the fiber laser is obtained by thermal tuning of the FBG. Simultaneous temperature tuning demonstrates a 0.01 nm/oC variation in laser wavelength.Key Words: Fiber Bragg grating, fiber laser, tunable laser, ring laser, thermal tuning
Knowledge-Based Trajectory Error Pattern Method Applied to an Active Force Control Scheme
Authors: Hishamuddin Jamaluddin Endra Pitowarno, Musa Mailah, 
Published: October 2018

The active force control (AFC) method is known as a robust control scheme that dramatically enhances the performance of a robot arm particularly in compensating the disturbance effects. The main task of the AFC method is to estimate the inertia matrix in the feedback loop to provide the correct (motor) torque required to cancel out these disturbances. Several intelligent control schemes have already been introduced to enhance the estimation methods of acquiring the inertia matrix such as those using neural network, iterative learning and fuzzy logic. In this paper, we propose an alternative scheme called Knowledge-Based Trajectory Error Pattern Method (KBTEPM) to suppress the trajectory track error of the AFC scheme. The knowledge is developed from the trajectory track error characteristic based on the previous experimental results of the crude approximation method. It produces a unique, new and desirable error pattern when a trajectory command is forced. An experimental study was performed using simulation work on the AFC scheme with KBTEPM applied to a two-planar manipulator in which a set of rule-based algorithm is derived. A number of previous AFC schemes are also reviewed as benchmark. The simulation results show that the AFC-KBTEPM scheme successfully reduces the trajectory track error significantly even in the presence of the introduced disturbances.Key Words: Active force control, estimated inertia matrix, robot arm, trajectory error pattern, knowledge-based.
Coagulation-Sedimentation-Extraction Pretreatment Methods for The Removal of Suspended Solids and Residual Oil From Palm Oil Mill Effluent (Pome)
Authors: Subhash Bhatia Abdul Latif Ahmad, Norliza Ibrahim , Suzylawati Ismail and 
Published: October 2018

Suspended solids and residual oil removal in a liquid are relevant to numerous research areas and industry. The suspended solid cannot be removed completely by plain settling. Large and heavy particles can settle out readily, but smaller and lighter particles settle very slowly or in some cases do not settle at all. Because of this, it requires efficient physical-chemical pretreatment methods. Our current research is to study the pretreatment methods in the removal of suspended solids and residual oil content in POME. Preliminary analysis shows that POME contains 40,000 mg/L suspended solid and 4,000 mg/L oil and grease content that relatively very high compared to the maximum allowable limit by the Malaysian Department of Environment which are only 400 mg/L and 50 mg/L respectively. The methods chosen were coagulation-sedimentation method for suspended solids removal and solvent extraction for residual oil removal. Jar test apparatus was used as the standard procedure for bench-scale testing and alum was used as the coagulant. Parameters studied were alum dosage, mixing time, mixing speed, sedimentation time and pH. For removal of residual oil, six different organic solvents; n-hexane, n-heptane, benzene, petroleum ether, pentane and petroleum benzene were used. For every solvent the effect of solvent ratio, mixing time, mixing speed and pH were analyzed. The results show that the optimum conditions in removal of suspended solid from POME were at pH 4.11, sedimentation time of 100 minutes and 150 rpm mixing speed with 1.5 hr mixing time. N-hexane give the best performance in extracting residual oil from POME with solvent to POME ratio of 6:10. It was estimated about 0.54 grams of oil and grease can be extracted with optimum variables at pH 4, mixing speed of 200 rpm, and 20 minutes mixing time. Key Words: palm oil mill effluent, coagulation, suspended solid, residual oil, solvent extraction.
Growth Characteristics of Fiber Bragg Gratings Fabricated in High Germania Boron Co-Doped Fiber
Authors: H. Ahmad S. W. Harun , P. Poopalan and 
Published: October 2018

This paper reports and provides an explanation for the growth characteristics of fibre Bragg gratings (FBGs) fabricated in high germania boron co-doped optical fiber by using a continuous wave (CW) doubled frequency Argon ion laser as an UV light source. The grating reflectivity and Bragg wavelength shift as a function of exposure time are measured. The index modulation time is observed to have a good fit to a power law of the form ï„n = Ctb (t is the time, C and b are constants), whereas the exponent b of 0.3 is obtained for the FBGs. The UV laser light also causes a shift of the resonant wavelength with fabrication time. The fastest wavelength shift is shown to be 0.53 nm after 524 seconds exposure.Keywords: Fiber Bragg grating, Argon ion laser, Phase mask method, Growth characteristics.
Kinetics of Selective Catalytic Reduction of Nitric Oxide over Pt-Cu-Zsm5 Catalyst
Authors: Mohd Saaid Ismail , Subhash Bhatia Abdul Rahman Mohamed and 
Published: October 2018

Kinetics for the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of nitric oxide (NO) using i-C4H10 as the reducing agent over Pt-Cu-ZSM5 has been investigated in the temperature range of 200 ?C – 450 oC. Langmuir-Hinshelwood-Hougen-Watson model was proposed for kinetics of the reaction and reaction parameters were evaluated. The heat of adsorption of NO was found to be considerably high, attributed to strong covalent bond between NO gas molecules and metal active sites. Using reaction parameters obtained from the experiment, the heterogeneous model could form a good correlation between experimental and simulated values of NO reduction. Key Words: Reaction kinetics, Selective catalytic reduction, NO reduction, Bimetallic catalyst, H-ZSM-5 zeolite.
Gas Permeation Characteristics across Nano-Porous Inorganic Membranes
Authors: H. Mukhtar M.R Othman, , Ahmad A.L. 
Published: October 2018

An overview of parameters affecting gas permeation in inorganic membranes is presented. These factors include membrane physical characteristics, operational parameters and gas molecular characteristics. The membrane physical characteristics include membrane materials and surface area, porosity, pore size and pore size distribution and membrane morphology. The operational parameters include feed flow rate and concentration, stage cut, temperature and pressure. The gas molecular characteristics include gas molecular weight, diameter, critical temperature, critical pressure, Lennard-Jones parameters and diffusion volumes. The current techniques of material characterization may require complementary method in describing microscopic heterogeneity of the porous ceramic media. The method to be incorporated in the future will be to apply a stochastic model and/or fractal dimension. Keywords: Inorganic membrane, surface adsorption, Knudsen diffusion, Micro-porous membrane, permeation, gas separation.
Characterization of Fairness of Information Distribution in a Mobile Agent Based Adaptive Information System
Authors: Jafar Sadiq Iftikhar Ahmed and 
Published: October 2018

The information age is now passing through an evolutionary phase. As the capacity of networks is increasing to handle and process huge volume of information traffic, the management of such information systems is becoming a trivial issue. The Internet being the largest source of information provision is heterogeneous in nature with constantly evolving environment. New information services are added whereas some are modified or removed. User’s demands and interests also change constantly. In such a dynamic environment it is very difficult to maintain a coherent picture of the information services. A novel technique proposed recently employs autonomous mobile agents in faded information field architecture to facilitate information provision and servicing in this new era of information age. The architecture is decentralized in nature whereby both the service provider and information seeker communicate through mobile agents. However, the degree of fairness of information distribution and access is still a problem to be addressed. This paper investigates the issue of fairness among information users for access to information in a networked environment that uses mobile agent technology and faded information field architecture to service the system. A number of algorithms were simulated and their effectiveness is discussed in the paper. Simulation results are presented that show a lot of potential to address the issue of fairness in information systems. Keywords: Mobile agents, information systems, intelligent systems.
Online Education as a New Practice of Humanism
Authors: Sylkina Svitlana 
Published: October 2018

The current stage of the human progress is characterized by the high dynamism and global changes in all aspects of human life. The societies currently pass through a deep process of transformations that requires a new understanding of the human phenomenon and revision of humanism, new social practices, and forms of education. Higher school needs to achieve a very important goal. It is to create contemporary education paradigm, which would be based on shift from one paradigm centered on the University and teacher professional knowledge to a new one, which will be centered on the students and their needs in education. In this article, online education is observed as one of the ways of a new realization of humanism in educational practice. The author also analyzes the humanistic potential of Massive Open Online Courses (MOOC), its advantages and disadvantages as far as examined the prospects of online education. In conclusion the author mentions that online education due to its main characteristics (openness, accessibility, freedom of choice) is based on human rights and the principles of equality and could be identified as a new practice of humanism.
The Extended Ecological Approach: Networks of Life, Cognition, Action and Communication
Authors: Knyazeva Elena 
Published: October 2018

The possibility and prospects of use of an extended ecological approach in scientific research and in various areas of practice is substantiated in the article. It is shown that ecology can be considered not only in terms of co-existence and co-evolution of man and nature, but also as ecology of mind, knowledge, action, communication and management. Such kind of extended ecological approach has a strong interdisciplinary basis and demonstrates the methodological power of interdisciplinarity in modern science. The ecological approach becomes a tool for the study of specific properties and character of links installed in the networks of life and cognition, action, and managerial activities, including the educationalimpact of teachers on students.