bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Left paralumbar fossa approach combined with mesocolon fenestration for bilateral equine ovariectomy
Authors: Devick Ian F. , Hendrickson Dean A. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo describe a standing left paralumbar fossa approach combined with mesocolon fenestration for bilateral equine ovariectomy.Study designProspective experimental clinical study.AnimalsFour healthy client‐owned mares and 1 client‐owned Molly mule.MethodsMares were restrained in standing stocks and sedated with an α2‐agonist continuous infusion to effect. The abdominal cavity was approached via a left paralumbar fossa approach, and the contralateral right ovary was accessed through an incision in the mesocolon. The location of the window was adjusted to allow triangulation, adequate visualization, and manipulation of the contralateral right ovary. Each ovarian pedicle was ligated with extracorporeal ligatures prior to sharp transection. The ovaries were dropped and left within the abdomen as part of another study. The incision in the mesocolon was closed with laparoscopic staples. Mares were monitored hourly while hospitalized, and a questionnaire was completed by the owners 90 days after surgery.ResultsBoth ovarian pedicles were successfully ligated and transected in all mares through the left paralumbar fossa approach and mesocolon fenestration. The only complications consisted of mild incisional emphysema in 2 of 5 equids, with all resolving spontaneously. All equids returned to intended use at 90 days.ConclusionThe left paralumbar fossa approach combined with mesocolon fenestration provided adequate access to both ovaries with minimal morbidity in this small population.Clinical significanceA unilateral left paralumbar fossa approach and fenestration of the mesocolon should be considered as an alternative to traditional approaches for bilateral laparoscopic ovariectomies in equids.
Alterations in cardiovascular function in an experimental model of lung fibrosis and pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Darwiche Tamara , Collum Scott D. , Bi Weizhen , Reynolds Julia O. , Wilson Cory , Wareing Nancy , Hernandez Adriana M. , Mertens Tinne C. J. , Zhou Zhen , Pandit Lavannya M. , Karmouty‐Quintana Harry 
Published: January 2019

New Findings
What is the central question of this study?
We have evaluated changes in cardiovascular physiology using echocardiography in an experimental model of lung fibrosis.

What is the main finding and its importance?
Remarkably, we report changes in cardiovascular function as early as day 7, concomitant with evidence of vascular remodelling. We also report that isolated pulmonary arteries were hypercontractile in response to a thromboxane A2 agonist. These findings are significant because the development of pulmonary hypertension is one of the most significant predictors of mortality in patients with lung fibrosis, where there are no available therapies and a lack of animal models.

AbstractGroup III pulmonary hypertension is observed in patients with chronic lung diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Pulmonary hypertension (PH) develops as a result of extensive pulmonary vascular remodelling and resultant changes in vascular tone that can lead to right ventricle hypertrophy. This eventually leads to right heart failure, which is the leading indicator of mortality in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Treatments for group III PH are not available, in part owing to a lack of viable animal models. Here, we have evaluated the cardiovascular changes in a model of lung fibrosis and PH. Data obtained from this study indicated that structural alterations in the right heart, such as right ventricular wall hypertrophy, occurred as early as day 14, and similar increases in right ventricle chamber size were seen between days 21 and 28. These structural changes were correlated with decreases in the systolic function of the right ventricle and right ventricular cardiac output, which also occurred between the same time points. Characterization of pulmonary artery dynamics also highlighted that PH might be occurring as early as day 21, indicated by reductions in the velocity–time integral; however, evidence for PH is apparent as early as day 7, indicated by the significant reduction in pulmonary acceleration time values. These changes are consistent with evidence of vascular remodelling observed histologically starting on day 7. In addition, we report hyperactivity of bleomycin‐exposed pulmonary arteries to a thromboxane A2 receptor (Tbxa2r) agonist.
Comparative effectiveness of treatment options for plantar heel pain: a systematic review with network meta-analysis
Authors: Babatunde Opeyemi O , Legha Amardeep , Littlewood Chris , Chesterton Linda S , Thomas Martin J , Menz Hylton B , van der Windt Danielle , Roddy Edward 
Published: January 2019

ObjectiveTo evaluate the comparative effectiveness of current treatment options for plantar heel pain (PHP).DesignSystematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA).Data sourcesMedline, EMBASE, CINAHL, AMED, PEDro, Cochrane Database, Web of Science and WHO Clinical Trials Platform were searched from their inception until January 2018.Study selectionRandomised controlled trials (RCTs) of adults with PHP investigating common treatments (ie, corticosteroid injection, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, therapeutic exercise, orthoses and/or extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT)) compared with each other or a no treatment, placebo/sham control.Data extraction and analysisData were extracted and checked for accuracy and completeness by pairs of reviewers. Primary outcomes were pain and function. Comparative treatment effects were analysed by random effects NMA in the short term, medium term and long term. Relative ranking of treatments was assessed by surface under the cumulative ranking probabilities (0–100 scale).ResultsThirty-one RCTs (total n=2450 patients) were included. There was no evidence of inconsistency detected between direct and indirect treatment comparisons in the networks, but sparse data led to frequently wide CIs. Available evidence does not suggest that any of the commonly used treatments for the management of PHP are better than any other, although corticosteroid injections, alone or in combination with exercise, and ESWT were ranked most likely to be effective for the management of short-term, medium-term and long-term pain or function; placebo/sham/control appeared least likely to be effective; and exercise appeared to only be beneficial for long-term pain or function.ConclusionsCurrent evidence is equivocal regarding which treatment is the most effective for the management of PHP. Given limited understanding of long-term effects, there is need for large, methodologically robust multicentre RCTs investigating and directly comparing commonly used treatments for the management of PHP.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42016046963.
Two monologues do not make a dialogue: the need for medical specialty–specific communication workshops: population-based study
Authors: Palocaren Jeeji , Puthuparampil Renjith Raj , Thalappillil Celine Mathew 
Published: January 2019

AimIncreasing attacks on healthcare personnel in India have highlighted the need for improved communication between staff and patients. Currently, communication skill workshops target doctors and nurses, overlooking a key player relevant to patient satisfaction—allied health professionals (henceforth, AHPs). This study evaluates the impact of communication skills training for diagnostic laboratory and blood bank personnel on patient satisfaction scores.MethodThe impact of communication workshop for AHPs was tested through pre-workshop and post-workshop questionnaires to participants that tested how they handle communication with patients. Additionally, participants were also administered the questionnaire 4 months after the workshop to test knowledge retention. In parallel, the change in patient satisfaction towards AHPs was assessed by a pre-workshop and post-workshop patient survey.ResultsParticipants experienced a statistically significant improvement in communication skills, as measured by the pre-workshop and post-workshop questionnaires. This coincided with a significant increase in patient satisfaction scores after the workshop, as indicated by the patient satisfaction survey. The difference in communication skills scores between experienced and inexperienced personnel showed a marked decrease after the workshop, suggesting that such workshops can help inexperienced workers ‘catch up’ with more experienced workers. However, scores of all participants showed a statistically significant decrease after 4 months, suggesting that the use of such workshops can be enhanced through periodic refresher courses.ConclusionCommunication workshops for AHPs can play a crucial role in improving patient–hospital relations. These workshops can also help standardise services by bridging communication skill differences between experienced and inexperienced staff.
Overutilisation of imaging studies for diagnosis of pulmonary embolism: are we following the guidelines?
Authors: Dhakal Prajwal , Iftikhar Mian Harris , Wang Ling , Atti Varunsiri , Panthi Sagar , Ling Xiao , Mujer Mark T P , Dawani Om , Rai Manoj P , Tatineni Shilpa , Shrotriya Shiva , Rayamajhi Supratik 
Published: January 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate if imaging studies such as CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA) or ventilation–perfusion (V/Q) scan are ordered according to the current guidelines for the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism (PE).MethodsWe performed a retrospective observational cohort study in all adult patients who presented to the Sparrow Hospital Emergency Department from January 2014 to December 2016 and underwent CTPA or V/Q scan. We calculated the Wells’ score retrospectively, and d-dimer values were used to determine if the imaging study was justified.ResultsA total of 8449 patients underwent CTPA (93%) or V/Q scan (7%), among which 142 (1.7%) patients were diagnosed with PE. The Wells’ criteria showed low probabilities for PE in 96 % and intermediate or high probabilities in 4 % of total patients. Modified Wells’ criteria demonstrated PE unlikely in 99.6 % and PE likely in 0.4 % of total patients. D-dimer was obtained in only 37 % of patients who were unlikely to have a PE or had a low score on Wells’ criteria. Despite a low or unlikely Wells’ criteria score and normal d-dimer levels, 260 patients underwent imaging studies, and none were diagnosed with PE.ConclusionMore than 99 % of CTPA or V/Q scans were negative in our study. This suggests extraordinary overutilisation of the imaging methods. D-dimer, recommended in patients with low to moderate risk, was ordered in only one-third of patients. Much greater emphasis of current guidelines is needed to avoid inappropriate utilisation of resources without missing diagnosis of PE.
ECG in suspected pulmonary embolism
Authors: Thomson Duncan , Kourounis Georgios , Trenear Rebecca , Messow Claudia-Martina , Hrobar Petr , Mackay Alistair , Isles Chris 
Published: January 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo establish the diagnostic value of prespecified ECG changes in suspected pulmonary embolism (PE).MethodsRetrospective case–control study in a district general hospital setting. We identified 189 consecutive patients with suspected PE whose CT pulmonary angiogram (CTPA) was positive for a first PE and for whom an ECG taken at the time of presentation was available. We matched these for age±3 years with 189 controls with suspected PE whose CTPA was negative. We considered those with large (n=76) and small (n=113) clot load separately. We scored each ECG for the presence or absence of eight features that have been reported to occur more commonly in PE.Results20%–25% of patients with PE, including those with large clot load, had normal ECGs. The most common ECG abnormality in patients with PE was sinus tachycardia (28%). S1Q3T3 (3.7%), P pulmonale (0.5%) and right axis deviation (4.2%) were infrequent findings. Right bundle branch block (9.0%), atrial dysrhythmias (10.1%) and clockwise rotation (20.1%) occurred more frequently but were also common in controls. Right ventricular (RV) strain pattern was significantly more commonly in patients than controls, 11.1% vs 2.6% (sensitivity 11.1%, specificity 97.4%; OR 4.58, 95% CI 1.63 to 15.91; p=0.002), particularly in those with large clot load, 17.1% vs 2.6% (sensitivity 17.1%, specificity 97.4%; OR 7.55, 95% CI 1.62 to 71.58; p=0.005).ConclusionAn ECG showing RV strain in a breathless patient is highly suggestive of PE. Many of the other ECG changes that have been described in PE occur too infrequently to be of predictive value.
N-type Ba0.2Co4Sb11.5Te0.5: Optimization of thermoelectric properties by different pressures
Authors: Chen Jiaxiang , Jia Xiaopeng , Zhang Yuewen , Liu Haiqiang , Liu Baomin , Wang Jian , Ding Luyao , Ji Guangyao , Ma Hongan 
Published: January 2019

The polycrystalline skutterudite [Formula: see text] were successfully synthesized from 1.5 GPa to 3.5 GPa by the high pressure and high temperature (HPHT) method. Negative Seebeck coefficient confirmed the n-type conductivity of all samples. The phase compositions of samples were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the microstructures were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was found that the grains appeared smaller and the grain boundaries became more abundant when pressures were higher. We measured the electrical properties from room temperature to 723 K. Both the electrical resistivity and absolute value of Seebeck coefficient increase with the increasing synthetic pressure. At 723 K, the maximum power factor of [Formula: see text] was obtained for the sample synthesized under 3 GPa. The maximum ZT value of 0.61 was reached by [Formula: see text] synthesized under 3 GPa and measured at 723 K.
Split-ring resonator-based compact microstrip antenna
Authors: Li Linpeng , Ye Shengze , Xu Jianchun , Hao Yanan , Guo Limin , Yang Daquan , Bi Ke 
Published: January 2019

Compact microstrip antennas based on split-ring resonator (SRR) structure are proposed and fabricated in this paper. The resonant frequency of the antennas is discussed upon different geometric structures. The influencing mechanism of the antenna parameters on resonant frequency is analyzed. The analytical and experimental analyses are carried out and proved that the resonant frequency can be controlled from 13.5 GHz to 17.2 GHz by tuning some of the crucial parameters. A good agreement between the simulations and the measurement results suggests that the proposed antenna can be designed at different resonant frequencies while maintaining a small-size, low-profile structure and good performance.
Personalized Prehospital Triage in Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Venema Esmee , Lingsma Hester F. , Chalos Vicky , Mulder Maxim J.H.L. , Lahr Maarten M.H. , van der Lugt Aad , van Es Adriaan C.G.M. , Steyerberg Ewout W. , Hunink M.G. Myriam , Dippel Diederik W.J. , Roozenbeek Bob 
Published: January 2019

Background and Purpose—
Direct transportation to a center with facilities for endovascular treatment might be beneficial for patients with acute ischemic stroke, but it can also cause harm by delay of intravenous treatment. Our aim was to determine the optimal prehospital transportation strategy for individual patients and to assess which factors influence this decision.

Methods—
We constructed a decision tree model to compare outcome of ischemic stroke patients after transportation to a primary stroke center versus a more distant intervention center. The optimal strategy was estimated based on individual patient characteristics, geographic location, and workflow times. In the base case scenario, the primary stroke center was located at 20 minutes and the intervention center at 45 minutes. Additional sensitivity analyses included an urban scenario (10 versus 20 minutes) and a rural scenario (30 versus 90 minutes).

Results—
Direct transportation to the intervention center led to better outcomes in the base case scenario when the likelihood of a large vessel occlusion as a cause of the ischemic stroke was >33%. With a high likelihood of large vessel occlusion (66%, comparable with a Rapid Arterial Occlusion Evaluation score of 5 or above), the benefit of direct transportation to the intervention center was 0.10 quality-adjusted life years (=36 days in full health). In the urban scenario, direct transportation to an intervention center was beneficial when the risk of large vessel occlusion was 24% or higher. In the rural scenario, this threshold was 49%. Other factors influencing the decision included door-to-needle times, door-to-groin times, and the door-in-door-out time.

Conclusions—
The preferred prehospital transportation strategy for suspected stroke patients depends mainly on the likelihood of large vessel occlusion, driving times, and in-hospital workflow times. We constructed a robust model that combines these characteristics and can be used to personalize prehospital triage, especially in more remote areas.
Temporal dynamics of the pharmacological MRI response to subanaesthetic ketamine in healthy volunteers: A simultaneous EEG/fMRI study
Authors: McMillan Rebecca , Forsyth Anna , Campbell Doug , Malpas Gemma , Maxwell Elizabeth , Dukart Juergen , Hipp Joerg F , Muthukumaraswamy Suresh 
Published: January 2019

Background: Pharmacological magnetic resonance imaging has been used to investigate the neural effects of subanaesthetic ketamine in healthy volunteers. However, the effect of ketamine has been modelled with a single time course and without consideration of physiological noise. Aims: This study aimed to investigate ketamine-induced alterations in resting neural activity using conventional pharmacological magnetic resonance imaging analysis techniques with physiological noise correction, and a novel analysis utilising simultaneously recorded electroencephalography data. Methods: Simultaneous electroencephalography/functional magnetic resonance imaging and physiological data were collected from 30 healthy male participants before and during a subanaesthetic intravenous ketamine infusion. Results: Consistent with previous literature, we show widespread cortical blood-oxygen-level dependent signal increases and decreased blood-oxygen-level dependent signals in the subgenual anterior cingulate cortex following ketamine. However, the latter effect was attenuated by the inclusion of motion regressors and physiological correction in the model. In a novel analysis, we modelled the pharmacological magnetic resonance imaging response with the power time series of seven electroencephalography frequency bands. This showed evidence for distinct temporal time courses of neural responses to ketamine. No electroencephalography power time series correlated with decreased blood-oxygen-level dependent signal in the subgenual anterior cingulate cortex. Conclusions: We suggest the decrease in blood-oxygen-level dependent signals in the subgenual anterior cingulate cortex typically seen in the literature is the result of physiological noise, in particular cardiac pulsatility. Furthermore, modelling the pharmacological magnetic resonance imaging response with a single temporal model does not completely capture the full spectrum of neuronal dynamics. The use of electroencephalography regressors to model the response can increase confidence that the pharmacological magnetic resonance imaging is directly related to underlying neural activity.
Les comportements éthiques et ceux contrevenant aux principes déontologiques de la recherche dans le processus de publication
Authors: Gatignon Hubert 
Published: January 2019

Résumé Cet article répond à certaines des questions que peuvent se poser des chercheurs, et en particulier de jeunes chercheurs, confrontés à des normes déontologiques en matière scientifique qui peuvent avoir des conséquences professionnelles graves lorsqu’elles sont enfreintes. Plus généralement, les problèmes d’intégrité scientifique peuvent relever, au-delà de la déontologie, de comportements éthiques moins codifiés, mais pour lesquels, néanmoins, la communauté scientifique s’accorde sur certains principes. Dans cet article, nous rappelons les principes et les règles qui sont habituellement suivis par les revues scientifiques, même si des différences peuvent être observées d’une revue à l’autre, et nous suggérons un ensemble de pratiques destinées à éviter que ne se développent des comportements qui contreviendraient à l’intégrité.
The current status of RANZCP CPD 2017 programme: a shift to regulation
Authors: de Beer Wayne , Harvey Richard J , Hill Anita 
Published: January 2019

Objective: This paper outlines the current status of the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists’ (RANZCP) Continuing Professional Development (CPD) programme, its main drivers and influences, and outlines potential future changes. Conclusions: The three features that appear to be essential for an effective CPD programme are the presence of high internal motivation for CPD participation, membership valuing workplace learning, and to ensure that the content for learning remains largely work-focused. The need to incorporate best learning evidence has witnessed the international trend to include peer, reflective and interactive learning tasks into the CPD programme. For this latter change to be successful, members need to be informed about the value of these new and different learning methodologies.
Treatment of postpartum psychosis in a mother-baby unit: do both mother and baby benefit?
Authors: Hill Rebecca , Law Daphne , Yelland Chris , Sved Williams Anne 
Published: January 2019

Objectives: To describe characteristics and treatments of mother-baby dyads affected by postpartum psychosis admitted to a specialist mother-baby inpatient psychiatric unit in Australia. Methods: A retrospective review of medical records for all mothers with postpartum psychosis and their babies admitted to a mother-baby unit over a 5-year period was conducted. Results: A total of 25 dyads met the study criteria. Affected women were found to be severely ill with a high rate of involuntary status (64%). They waited an average 4.7 days for a bed in the mother-baby unit. All received an atypical antipsychotic, with 16% receiving lithium augmentation. Infants were found to have generally normative growth and development, with relationship concerns noted in 5. A total of 36% of the cohort maintained some breastfeeding, and all had their infants in their care at discharge. Conclusions: The mother-baby unit enabled severely ill women to remain with their infants during treatment. While a minority of infants showed developmental concerns, appropriate development was noted in most. Future efforts should focus on determining the most effective treatments and further defining the risks and benefits for infants in mother-baby units.