bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Childhood multiple sclerosis is associated with reduced brain volumes at first clinical presentation and brain growth failure
Authors: Bartels Frederik , Nobis Katharina , Cooper Graham , Wendel Eva , Cleaveland Robert , Bajer-Kornek Barbara , Blaschek Astrid , Schimmel Mareike , Blankenburg Markus , Baumann Matthias , Karenfort Michael , Finke Carsten , Rostásy Kevin 
Published: April 2019

Background: Paediatric multiple sclerosis (pedMS) patients at a single site were shown to have reduced brain volumes and failure of age-expected brain growth compared to healthy controls. However, the precise time of onset of brain volume loss remains unclear. Objective: To longitudinally study brain volumes in a multi-centre European cohort at first presentation and after 2 years. Methods: Brain volumes of high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data from 37 pedMS patients at first presentation prior to steroid therapy and at 2-year follow-up ( n = 21) were compared to matched longitudinal MRI data from the NIH Paediatric MRI Data Repository. Results: Patients showed significantly reduced whole brain, grey and white matter and increased ventricular volumes at initial presentation and at follow-up compared to controls. Over 2 years, patients exhibited significant reduction of whole brain and white matter volumes, accompanied by increased ventricular volume. Brain volume loss at follow-up correlated with a higher number of infratentorial lesions, relapses and an increased Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score. Conclusions: In pedMS patients, brain volume loss is present already at first clinical presentation and accelerated over 2 years. Increased disease activity is associated with more severe brain volume loss. MRI brain volume change might serve as an outcome parameter in future prospective pedMS studies.
Ensuring Effective Care Transition Communication: Implementation of an Electronic Medical Record–Based Tool for Improved Cancer Treatment Handoffs Between Clinic and Infusion Nurses
Authors: Pandya Chintan , Clarke Tammy , Scarsella Elizabeth , Alongi Alex , Amport Stephanie Buia , Hamel Lauren , Dougherty David 
Published: April 2019

PURPOSE: Ineffective handoffs contribute to gaps in patient care and medication errors, which jeopardize patient safety and lead to poor-quality care. The project aims are to develop and implement a standardized handoff process using an electronic medical record (EMR)–based tool to ensure optimal communication of treatment-related information for patients receiving cancer treatment between oncology nurses. METHODS: A multidisciplinary team convened to develop a standard and safe treatment handoff process. The intervention was developed over a series of phases using Plan-Do-Study-Act methodology, including current workflow process mapping; identifying gaps, limitations, and potential causes of ineffective handoffs; and prioritizing these using a Pareto chart. An EMR-based tool incorporating a standardized treatment handoff process was developed. Study outcomes included proportion of handoff-related medication errors, tool utilization, handoff completion, patient waiting time, and nurse satisfaction with tool. All outcomes were evaluated before and after the intervention over a 1-year period. RESULTS: The proportion of medication errors as a result of ineffective handoffs was reduced from 10 of 17 (60%) pre-intervention to 11 of 34 (32%) postintervention ( P = .07). The EMR-based handoff tool was used in 9,274 of 10,910 (85%) patient treatment visits, and the handoff completion rate increased from 32% pre-intervention to 86% postintervention. Patient waiting time showed an average reduction of 2 minutes/patient/month. A majority of nurses reported that the new tool conveyed necessary information (85% of nurses) and was effective in preventing errors (81% of nurses). CONCLUSION: Multidisciplinary stakeholders guided the development and implementation of a standard handoff process and an EMR-based tool to optimize communication between nurses during patient transition. The intervention was associated with a reduction in the proportion of medication errors as the result of ineffective handoffs. In addition, the intervention improved communication between nurses.
High-Cost Hospitalizations Among Elderly Patients With Cancer
Authors: Avila Jaqueline , Jupiter Daniel , Chavez-MacGregor Mariana , de Oliveira Claire , Kaul Sapna 
Published: April 2019

PURPOSE:Health care costs are driven by a small proportion of patients, and it is important to identify their characteristics to effectively manage their health care needs. We examined characteristics associated with high-cost inpatient visits of elderly patients with cancer using a national sample.METHODS:We identified 574,367 inpatient visits of individuals age 65 years or older with a cancer diagnosis using the 2014 National Inpatient Sample data, an all-payer sample of inpatient stays in the United States. High-cost visits were defined as those with a total cost at or above the 90th percentile. The remaining visits were defined as the lower-cost group. We examined patients’ clinical characteristics and hospital characteristics for both groups. Logistic regression was used to identify characteristics associated with being in the high-cost group.RESULTS:The median visit cost in the high-cost group was $38,194 (interquartile range, $31,405 to $51,802), which was nearly five times the cost of the lower-cost group (median, $8,257; interquartile range, $5,032 to $13,335). Hematologic malignancies were the most common cancer in the high-cost group. Those in the high-cost group were more likely to have metastatic cancer. Compared with patients with no comorbidities, those with five or more comorbidities were four times more likely to be in the high-cost group (odds ratio, 4.08; 95% CI, 3.74 to 4.46). Patients with a greater number of procedures were also more likely to be in the high-cost group (odds ratio, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.52 to 1.61).CONCLUSION:High-cost cancer visits were five times more expensive than the remaining visits. Identification of high-cost visits and the associated factors may help provide tailored strategies to effectively manage costly inpatient admissions.
Survivin at a glance
Authors: Wheatley Sally P. , Altieri Dario C. 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACT
Survivin (also known as BIRC5) is an evolutionarily conserved eukaryotic protein that is essential for cell division and can inhibit cell death. Normally it is only expressed in actively proliferating cells, but is upregulated in most, if not all cancers; consequently, it has received significant attention as a potential oncotherapeutic target. In this Cell Science at a Glance article and accompanying poster, we summarise our knowledge of survivin 21 years on from its initial discovery. We describe the structure, expression and function of survivin, highlight its interactome and conclude by describing anti-survivin strategies being trialled.
Prospects for Implementing of Technologies of Nuclear Medicine in the FMBA of Russia
Authors: Уйба В. , Uyba V. , Удалов Ю. , Udalov Yu. , Лебедев А. , Lebedev A. , Шулепова Л. , Shulepova L. 
Published: April 2019

The article is devoted to development prospects of nuclear medicine in the Russian Federation. One of the first to provide nuclear medicine in Soviet Union was A.I. Burnasyan. He headed the 3d Directorate General of Ministry of Health (the FMBA of Russia at present). The Institute of Biophysics and the Institute of Medical Radiology (Obninsk), was established in the 50s – 60s of the 20th century, laid the foundation for nuclear medicine and developed it. With their efforts, nuclear medicine in USSR has become the world leader. However, in the 1980s – 1990s, there was a serious lag in this area due to radiophobia that arose after the Chernobyl accident, as well as the collapse of the USSR and the severe economic crisis, overcoming which in the beginning of the 21st century made it possible to pay considerable attention to nuclear medicine. Today the FMBA of Russia leads in the development and application of nuclear medicine technology. In the departments of the FMBA of Russia – the Siberian Research and Clinical Center (Krasnoyarsk) and Northern Medical Clinical Center N.A. Semashko (Arkhangelsk) – carries out high-tech diagnostics and treatment of cancer, neurological and cardiac diseases. Currently, in Dimitrovgrad city, the creation of the Federal High-Tech Center for Medical Radiology of the FMBA of Russia (FHCMR, FMBA of Russia) under the state program “Establishment of Federal Centers of Medical Radiological Technologies” is being completed. FHCMR, FMBA of Russia will provide high-tech medical care to the assigned contingent of the FMBA of Russia and the adult population of the Central, Volga, North-West federal districts. In the article noted the need for training specialists in the nuclear medicine. Training of specialists is already being conducted at the Training and Education Center of the Federal Siberian Research and Clinical Center of the FMBA of Russia. An important aspect of the introduction of nuclear medicine technologies and the operation of such centers are issues of legal regulation. The article pays attention to the licensing of nuclear medicine objects in accordance with the requirements of the Federal Law No. 170-FZ of November 21, 1995 “On the Use of Atomic Energy”. The tasks that need to be addressed for the development of nuclear medicine technologies are formulated, including through the implementation of the public-private partnership mechanism, as well as by expanding international cooperation with the EAEU member states.
The Birth of the Cuban Polyclinic
Authors: Fitz Don 
Published: April 2019

During the 1960s, Cuban medicine experienced changes as tumultuous as the civil rights and antiwar protests in the United States. While activists, workers, and students in western Europe and the United States confronted existing institutions of capitalism and imperialism, Cuba faced the even greater challenge of building a new society.
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Notes from the Editors, April 2019
Authors: The Editors - 
Published: April 2019

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In the midst of the U.S.-directed coup attempt against the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela in January–February, Donald Trump delivered a number of verbal attacks on socialism in Venezuela, Cuba, and Nicaragua. The immediate object was to justify U.S. attempts to overthrow the Bolivarian Republic. The less immediate, but hardly less important, goal was to tarnish the growing social democratic (self-styled democratic socialist) movement in the United States, associated with figures like Bernie Sanders and Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez. In order to safeguard their ambitious social-reform program, the new coterie of Democratic Party socialists have thus sought to separate themselves from Venezuela and other Latin American socialist states, presumably abandoning these countries to their fates at the hands of U.S. imperialism. This raises the historic question of social imperialism—a policy of social reform at home and imperial hegemony abroad.
Humic acid and boron treatment to mitigate salt stress on the melon plant
Authors: SHALABY Osama Abd El-Salam , EL-MESSAIRY Mohamed Moustafa 
Published: April 2019

Salinity is one of the main abiotic stress factors which limit the growth and productivity of plants, however, the nutritional status of plants is the first brick in the resistance wall against stresses. Therefore, a factorial experiment was undertaken to investigate effects of soil applied humic acid (0, 7, 14, 21 l.ha-1) and boron foliar spraying (0, 50, 100 ppm) and their interaction on growth and yield of melon plant under saline conditions. The results suggested that the treatments soil application of humic acid and the boron spraying successfully mitigated the deleterious effects of salt stress and influenced growth and yield of melon plant. Humic acid at 21 l.ha-1 or boron spray at 50 ppm exhibited an improvement in growth and yield of melon, in terms of plant length, plant fresh and dry mass, chlorophyll (SPAD), fruit mass, total yield, and also leaf nutrient content (N and K) and total soluble solids (TSS) of fruits, while reduced the sodium content of leaves. The combined treatment of humic acid at 21 l.ha-1 and boron spraying at 50 ppm was found to be more effective for the melon plant to improving growth performance and the crop yield by 21 % as compared with the control group under saline conditions.
Impact of temperature stress on secondary metabolite profile and phytotoxicity of Amaranthus cruentus L. leaf extracts
Authors: CAWOOD Maria Elizabeth , ALLEMANN Ingrid , ALLEMANN James 
Published: April 2019

In this study Amaranthus cruentus plants were grown under controlled optimal conditions (28/21 °C) for three months and then subjected to cold (14/7 °C) and hot (33/40 °C) temperatures. We investigated the influence of these temperature regimes on the metabolite profile of the leaves through analyses of data by TLC, HPLC and GC-MS spectrometry. The phytotoxic potential of a methanol-water (MW) and dichloromethane (DCM) extract from the aerial parts were examined through in vitro screening of germination and growth of lettuce and pepper. The optimal extracts displayed the highest diversity of secondary metabolites, and the highest total phenolics and flavonoids content. Through TLC and HPLC analysis the significantly lower phenolic content in the hot temperature treated samples was confirmed. A wide range of metabolites were detected in the DCM extracts through GC-MS analyses. The phytotoxicity of both the MW and DCM extracts were demonstrated, as germination and growth of pepper and lettuce were significantly inhibited, indicating the presence of more than one allelochemical compound which may affect the allelopathic activity of A. cruentus during changes in environmental temperatures.
Assessing government grants: evidence from greenhouse tomato and pepper farmers in Kosovo
Authors: FRANGU Blend , POPP Jennie SHEERIN , THOMSEN Michael , MUSLIU Arben 
Published: April 2019

Genetic matching with an evolutionary algorithm was applied to evaluate the impact of the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Rural Development (MAFRD) grant programs to support greenhouse vegetable production in Kosovo. The primary contribution of the paper is to assess whether grants have an impact on the farmers’ gross seasonal revenue after matching similar grantees to non-grantees. The findings showed that greenhouse tomato grantees make 2,151.80 euros more per growing season in comparison to the non-grantees (95 % confidence interval -324.71 to 4,628.31 euros). Similarly, greenhouse pepper grantees make 2,866.69 euros more per growing season compared to non-grantees (95 % confidence interval 446.42 to 5,286.96 euros). The study identified farmers’ education and region as important matching variables which may be of interest to policy researchers in Kosovo.
American Art Matters: Rethinking Materiality in American Studies
Authors: Doss Erika 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The “material” turn has steadily gained currency in cultural studies and the humanities, with scholars increasingly attentive to theorising things and examining their presence, power, and meaning in any number of fields and disciplines. This essay stems from the keynote lecture given at the conference MatteReality: Historical Trajectories and Conceptual Futures for Material Culture Studies, held on March 23, 2017, at the Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies, University of Freiburg. Focused in particular on the meaning of materiality in American art history and American Studies today, it opens with an examination of the factors of monetisation and mobility and segues to a consideration of more efficacious ways to assess, theorise, and critique the material turn. Two areas that are particularly relevant in terms of rethinking, and mediating, materiality in American art and American Studies are those of technological process and affect: how things are made and how things make us feel.
Theorising Things, Building Worlds: Why the New Materialisms Deserve Literary Imagination
Authors: Tischleder Babette B. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The New Materialisms constitute a rich field of critical inquiry that does not represent a unified approach; yet there is a general tendency to theorise objects by highlighting their agency, independence, and withdrawnness from human actors. Jane Bennett speaks of “thing power” in order to invoke the activities of “nonsubjects,” and she suggests to marginalise questions of human subjectivity and focus instead on the trajectories and propensities of material entities themselves. This essay takes issue with Bennett’s and other New Materialist thought, and it also offers a critical engagement with Bruno Latour’s notion of nonhuman agency. In his recent work, Latour has been concerned with the question of how we can tell our “common geostory.” Taking up his literary example (by Mark Twain) and adding one of my own (by William Faulkner), this essay argues that our understanding of the powers of rivers and other nonhuman agents remains rather limited if we attend primarily to the mechanics of storytelling in the way Latour does. Rather, it is the aesthetic and experiential registers of literary worlding that offer alternative venues for imagining nonhuman beings and our interactions with them in the era of the Anthropocene.
A Tale of Two Pianos: Actants, Sociability, and Form in Jane Austen’s Emma
Authors: Hatton Nikolina 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
This essay examines the materiality of the two pianofortes in Jane Austen’s Emma (1815). Rather than focusing on the piano’s symbolic function—its cultural capital, for instance—this essay highlights how the physical qualities of the piano as an object enable specific plot and aesthetic effects within the novel. The instrument’s conspicuousness—the continuous human attention that it demands—allows these two instruments to become objects of sustained discourse within the plot. However, in addition to affording certain narrative effects, the piano also functions as a site of interpretive ambiguity, as the object continues to call attention to itself even after its narrative fecundity has been allegedly resolved. By examining the novel’s engagement with these pianos, this essay argues for a more open understanding of narrative agency—one that acknowledges the narrative generating and genre-undermining power of things.
Estimation of Local Heading Patterns of Nocturnal Migrants using Orientation Cages
Authors: Busse Przemysław 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Busse P. 2018. Estimation of local heading patterns of nocturnal Migrants using orientation cages. Ring 40: 31-58
The main aim of this paper is to compare the results of two data evaluation procedures used for presenting the data from the orientation cage field tests. Both procedures accept multimodality of the data and multimodality of the headings of an individual bird as well as migrating population. The goal is to reach acceptable level of migration patterns presentation in biological sense, taking under consideration a flexibility of the real movements, depending on specific weather and landscape parameters. Such knowledge is absolutely necessary for estimating migration bottle-necks and the long-term studies on influence of the climate changes on migration patterns. The material used for the comparison of the procedures was collected in years 2001-2007 by the team of the Bulgarian Ringing Station Kalimok (44°00’N, 26°26’E) within the frame of the SEEN (SE European Bird Migration Network) activity and kindly shared for evaluation. The data were obtained using the standard SEEN methods, with the standard Busse’s cage working procedure of the field tests. The material contains data on four species of nocturnal migrants living in different habitats: the Great Reed Warbler, Acrocephalus arundinaceus (ACR.ARU), the Sedge Warbler, A. schoenobaenus (ACR.ENO), the Willow Warbler, Phylloscopus trochilus (PHY.LUS) and the Whitethroat, Sylvia communis (SYL.COM). There are confirmed earlier conclusions that so called „classic” unimodal procedure is not applicable to the orientation cage data resulted from any field procedure. There are available two evaluation procedures that base on the same general assumptions: multimodality of distributions that reflects combination of several unimodal partial distributions, that can be described both using sophisticated Bayesian „Calculation” method and much simpler „Estimation” procedure. Results of both procedures are enough close to each other that they can be used for describing local and general heading patterns of migration of the nocturnal migratory movements studied using orientation cages.
Zwischen Literaturgeschichte und Zeitgenossenschaft
Authors: Schmidt Henrike 
Published: April 2019

SummaryThe article serves as an introduction to the thematic cluster of papers devoted to the work of Bulgarian poet and literary theoretician Pencho Slaveykov (1866–1912), which present the outcomes of a workshop dedicated to the 150thanniversary of the poet at the Department of Slavic and Hungarian Studies, Humboldt University (Berlin 2016; supported by the German Research Foundation DFG). As Slaveykov, while a leading representative of Bulgarian modern literature, is not an established figure in comparative literary studies, the paper sketches briefly the biography of the author, or rather the “biographemes” out of which he constructs his self-representation. In summarizing the main findings of the cluster contributions, it outlines the ways in which Slaveykov and his work—as a phenomenon ‘untimely’ to his era—have been embedded into the narratives of Bulgarian literary history of the 20thand early 21stcentury, which reach from postmodernism and postcolonialism to new engagement, or to entangled histories.
‚Die Erfindung der Gegenwart‘
Authors: Schmidt Henrike 
Published: April 2019

SummarySlaveykov’s fictitious anthologyOn the Isle of the Blessed(Na Ostrova na blaženite, 1910) is among the most recognized and discussed works in Bulgarian literature and literary history. This literary project is often labeled “extraordinary” in its conceptual and projective power, and continues to generate new interpretations up to the present day. The focus on theIsle’s singular status in Bulgarian scholarship does however obstruct the view at times, regarding its entanglement in what could be called a European matrix of mystification practices and poetics, reaching from Scottish romanticism (James Macpherson’sOssianproject) to the scandalous forgeries of the Slavic national renaissance (the infamous Czech manuscript controversy for example), and onto the modern mask play, as represented for instance in Valery Bryusov’sRussian Symbolists(Russkie simvolisty, 1894–1895). The latter examples are examined in more detail, regarding intertextual and structural parallels with Slaveykov’s imaginaryIsle. The article forwards the hypothesis that Slaveykov, explicitly aware of his precursors and their mystification models, no longer strives to “invent a tradition,” but, on the contrary, aims at simulating contemporaneity. Thus this contribution has a double aim: Firstly, to convey a comparative survey and analysis of theIsle of the Blessedwithin European contexts. Secondly, it intends to relate Slaveykov’s sophisticated poetics of forgery and pseudo-translation to contemporary research in this field, which understands literary fraud as the ground on which concepts of fictionality flourish in the first place.