bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Historical and genomic data reveal the influencing factors on global transmission velocity of plague during the Third Pandemic
Authors: Xu Lei , Stige Leif C. , Leirs Herwig , Neerinckx Simon , Gage Kenneth L. , Yang Ruifu , Liu Qiyong , Bramanti Barbara , Dean Katharine R. , Tang Hui , Sun Zhe , Stenseth Nils Chr. , Zhang Zhibin 
Published: May 2019

Significance
Plague is a devastating infectious disease that has caused three pandemics during the last millennia. Today, plague still causes sporadic cases every year and even some outbreaks. In this paper, we analyze how factors associated with climate change and globalization affect the spread of plague worldwide. Such information is important with respect to global disease prevention and control. For this purpose, we first constructed a global plague database of the Third Pandemic, and then analyzed the association of spatiotemporal environmental factors with spreading velocity. Our results provide insight into the global transmission and suggest strategies for preventing plague transmission under accelerated global change.
High sensitivity and interindividual variability in the response of the human circadian system to evening light
Authors: Phillips Andrew J. K. , Vidafar Parisa , Burns Angus C. , McGlashan Elise M. , Anderson Clare , Rajaratnam Shantha M. W. , Lockley Steven W. , Cain Sean W. 
Published: May 2019

Significance
Electric lighting has fundamentally altered how the human circadian clock synchronizes to the day/night cycle. Exposure to light after dusk is pervasive in the modern world. We examined group-level sensitivity of the circadian system to evening light and the degree to which sensitivity varies between individuals. We found that, on average, humans are highly sensitive to evening light. Specifically, 50% suppression of melatonin occurred at <30 lux, which is comparable to or lower than typical indoor lighting used at night, as well as light produced by electronic devices. Significantly, there was a >50-fold difference in sensitivity to evening light across individuals. Interindividual differences in light sensitivity may explain differential vulnerability to circadian disruption and subsequent impact on human health.
Human NK cell receptor KIR2DS4 detects a conserved bacterial epitope presented by HLA-C
Authors: Sim Malcolm J. W. , Rajagopalan Sumati , Altmann Daniel M. , Boyton Rosemary J. , Sun Peter D. , Long Eric O. 
Published: May 2019

SignificanceNatural killer (NK) cells are known for their role in defense against viruses and cancer. Their activity is regulated, in part, by killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) that bind to polymorphic human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I molecules. The KIR family includes an activation receptor of unknown function, KIR2DS4. Here, we show that KIR2DS4 binding to HLA-C*05:01 is dependent on specific peptides that include a Trp at position 8 of 9-mer peptides associated with HLA-C*05:01. Through sequence homology, we identified a highly conserved peptide sequence in bacterial recombinase A that binds to HLA-C*05:01 and stimulates KIR2DS4+NK cells. We predict that over 1,000 bacterial species contain this epitope and propose that NK cells contribute also to immune defense against bacteria.
Kant's“I think” and the agential approach to self-knowledge
Authors: Smit Houston 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThis paper relates Kant'saccount of pure apperception to the agential approach to self-knowledge. It argues that his famous claim ‘The I think must be able to accompany all of my representations’ (B131) does not concern the possibility of self-ascribing beliefs. Kant does advance this claim in the service of identifying an a priori warrant we have as psychological persons, that is, subjects of acts of thinking that are imputable to us. But this warrant is not one to self-knowledge that we have as critical reasoners. It is, rather, an a priori warrant we have, as thinkers, to prescribe to given representations their conformity to principles of thinking inherent in our capacity of understanding itself.
Design and implementation of a level control at the bottom of the first column of a continuous binary distillation tower
Authors: Fitatá-Bojacá M M , García-Bedoya O 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The laboratory of the university has a continuous distillation tower where students carry out laboratory practice, require that student manipulate valve at high temperatures generating risk at operation. A control system was carried out on the plant to maintain the level of 0.18 meters in the bottom of the first column. For its identification, the inspection of the tower was carried out to identify the components of each distillation column. These tests allowed obtaining data from the point of operation during the start-up of the tower. With this information collected, a model was defined through the mass and energy balance. Additionally, the tower was simulated under the Aspen Hysys software to obtain the steady state and, over this point the dynamic system was analyzed through the linearized model to design the controller and test robustness. The control strategy implemented, with LabVIEW software, was ON-OFF with hysteresis due to limitations in the instrumentation. As a result, it was found that the time stabilization of the tower decreased from three hours to one hour to concerning the manual level control and, a better regulation was observed in the temperatures of the top of first column 96°C and second column 72°C.
Vibrational analysis of acetaminophen from commercial tablets
Authors: Castro-Suarez J R , Vásquez-Osorio M , Hernandez-Rivera S P , Pájaro-Payares A A 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Acetaminophen (AAP) is an active ingredient very used in many pharmaceutical preparations. AAP is a pain reliever and a fever reducer drug. Generally, it is used to treat many conditions such as headache, muscle aches, arthritis, backache, toothaches, colds, and fevers. Standard methods most used for AAP chemical detection are based on chromatography and spectrophotometry techniques, these methods generally imply a sample preparation step, while vibrational spectroscopy based methods do not. Hence, analytical methods based on vibrational spectroscopy are very important for the pharmaceutical industry and law enforcement agency, given that allow obtain a way easy and fast molecular information for its detection. An effort for attaining a reliable identification procedure for the qualitative determination of AAP in different pharmaceuticals product, an additional statistical treatment of ATR-FTIR data is proposed. The proposed method was tested on solid samples containing API. The statistical routine of Hit Quality Index (HQI) values yielded excellent results. The results show that ATR-FTIR, QCL and Raman spectra are useful for detection of AAP in the drugs tested. Using the proposed method allowed to know if the drug is present as a desired product or it is counterfeit drugs.
Development of a prototype of an electronic module that allows to calculate the frequency of spawning in laying hens
Authors: Sanchez S A , Aguilar A A , Romero H J , Morales A D 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Poultry farming is an industry recognized worldwide, being one of the main activities in different countries. From the national level, poultry farming is a source of income dedicated to the production of eggs and poultry meat, which has had a constant growth since the mid-twentieth century. This market in Colombia is one of the few economic sectors with permanent growth, this is evidenced by the increase in the per capita figures for this type of product. Nowadays in the market there is no evidence of a low cost system that allows to measure the hens’ position in real time, this necessity being the main objective to develop an electronic module that allows to calculate the frequency of spawning in laying hens, with the purpose that this information can be used by poultry farmers in order to determine what food treatments and environmental conditions improve egg productivity. The materials used for the prototype were; a module cell (independent cage for each bird), an Arduino UNO card, infrared proximity sensor, 12x2 LCD display, MicroSD card module and an SD memory. This investigation is framed in a technological development of experimental type, for the construction of the prototype 3 stages were taken into account; prototype design and its characteristics, final assembly of the prototype and tests and results. In the results found there is evidence of a versatile tool that allows to inform in real time in a graphic way the postures. The tests carried out demonstrate the potential of a low-cost, lightweight and state-of-the-art prototype.
Model for the interoperability between health service providers (IPS), based on the electronic clinical information standard (HL7) and architecture to design and develop distributed systems (SOA)
Authors: Arévalo J G , Gonzales A , Arévalo L 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
This study addresses the need to exchange clinical records, efficiently and uniform among health institutions (IPS Spanish acronym for Instituciones Prestadoras de Salud), which is generated in clinical care users from using the Hospital Information Systems (HIS). From defining a model for interoperability, with reference to the regulations governing the General System of Social Security in Health in Colombia (SGSSS Spanish acronym for Sistema General de Seguridad Social en Salud), the standards to facilitate electronic exchange of clinical information Health Level Seven (HL7) and service oriented architecture (SOA). The model it wasdesigned in two dimensions, on the one hand horizontally would facilitate electronic exchange of clinical information between IPS and on the other side vertically was projected was obtained as they settled components for the exchange of healthcare and administrative records the SGSSS different actors, in this case with the health Promotion Companies (EPS Spanish acronym for Empresas Promotoras de Salud) and the Territorial Entities through health secretaries.
Use of ICT Tools using the PBL Methodology as a Student Learning Strategy
Authors: Sanchez S A , Mercado C A , Serpa J F , Julio J S , Almanza A J 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The community of Altos de la Sabana is a population composed of families of limited economic resources and victims of the internal armed conflict in Sucre, located in low-income housing. In this urbanization is the Institution of Higher Education of the Holy Shroud. Given that at present it does not have technological and innovative tools for academic use, information provided by the rector and the academic coordinator of this institution, as well as being considered as a vulnerable community by the national government, which gives them a priority position when implementing educational and social projects; The main objective of this project is to encourage the students of the secondary school of the institution to use technological tools to solve problems in their environment. This research has a quantitative approach and the design of the research focuses on field research and with a pre-experimental method. For the execution of this project, 3 moments were concentrated; initially, an initial test was carried out to validate knowledge in technological tools and the self-directed profile, then some training was carried out using the problem-based methodology and finally a final evaluation to measure acquired competences. The results of the post-test, in contrast to the initial test, revealed that 65% of students in grade 11 of the institution demonstrate an empowerment in the use of ICT tools and concepts in the field of basic analog-digital electronics. This is how ICTs are based on the education system, as they are facilitating tools in the teaching-learning process.
Extracellular vesicles-derived OncomiRs mediate communication between cancer cells and cancer-associated hepatic stellate cells in hepatocellular carcinoma microenvironment
Authors: Li Jiang , Yan Yan , Ang Lin , Li Xiaoya , Liu Chunying , Sun Bin , Lin Xuejing , Peng Zhangxiao , Zhang Xiaofeng , Zhang Qin , Wu Hongping , Zhao Min , Su Changqing 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Tumor microenvironment (TME) is a critical determinant for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are main interstitial cells in TME and play a vital role in early intrahepatic invasion and metastasis of HCC. The potential mechanism on the interactions between HSCs and HCC cells remains unclear. In this study, the effects of extracellular vesicles (EVs)-derived OncomiRs that mediate communication between HCC cells and cancer-associated hepatic stellate cells (caHSCs) and remold TME were investigated. The results found that the HCC cells-released EVs contained more various OncomiRs, which could activate HSCs (LX2 cells) and transform them to caHSCs, the caHSCs in turn exerted promotion effects on HCC cells through HSCs-released EVs. To further simulate the effects of OncomiRs in EVs on construction of pro-metastatic TME, a group of OncomiRs, miR-21, miR-221 and miR-151 was transfected into HCC cells and LX2 cells. These microRNAs in the EVs from OncomiRs-enhanced cells were demonstrated to have oncogenic effects on HCC cells by upregulating the activities of protein kinase B (AKT)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signal pathways. Equivalent results were also found in HCC xenografted tumor models. The findings suggested that the OncomiR secretion and transference by cancer cells-released EVs can mediate the communication between HCC cells and HSCs. HCC cells and caHSCs, as well as their secreted EVs, jointly construct a pro-metastatic TME suitable for invasion and metastasis of cancer cells, all these TME components form a positive feedback loop to promote HCC progression and metastasis.
Polyamine synthesis enzyme AMD1 is closely associated with tumorigenesis and prognosis of human gastric cancers
Authors: Xu Lijiao , You Xue , Cao Qianqian , Huang Meiqin , Hong Lian-Lian , Chen Xiang-Liu , Lei Lan , Ling Zhi-Qiang , Chen Yan 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Adenosylmethionine decarboxylase 1 (AMD1) is a key enzyme involved in biosynthesis of polyamines including spermidine and spermine. The potential function of AMD1 in human gastric cancers is unknown. We analyzed AMD1 expression level in 319 human gastric cancer samples together with the adjacent normal tissues. The protein expression level of AMD1 was significantly increased in human gastric cancer samples compared with their corresponding para-cancerous histological normal tissues (P &lt; 0.0001). The expression level of AMD1 was positively associated with Helicobactor pylori 16sRNA (P &lt; 0.0001), tumor size (P &lt; 0.0001), tumor differentiation (P &lt; 0.05), tumor venous invasion (P &lt; 0.0001), tumor lymphatic invasion (P &lt; 0.0001), blood vessel invasion (P &lt; 0.0001), and tumor lymph node metastasis (TNM) stage (P &lt; 0.0001). Patients with high expression of AMD1 had a much shorter overall survival than those with normal/low expression of AMD1. Knockdown of AMD1 in human gastric cancer cells suppressed cell proliferation, colony formation and cell migration. In a tumor xenograft model, knockdown of AMD1 suppressed the tumor growth in vivo. Inhibition of AMD1 by an inhibitor SAM486A in human gastric cancer cells arrested cell cycle progression during G1-to-S transition. Collectively, our studies at the cellular, animal and human levels indicate that AMD1 has a tumorigenic effect on human gastric cancers and affect the prognosis of the patients.
IRAM: virus capsid database and analysis resource
Authors: Almansour Iman , Alhagri Mazen , Alfares Rahaf , Alshehri Manal , Bakhashwain Razan , Maarouf Ahmed 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIRAM is an online, open access, comprehensive database and analysis resource for virus capsids. The database includes over 200 000 hierarchically organized capsid-associated nucleotide and amino acid sequences, as well as 193 capsids structures of high resolution (1–5 Å). Each capsid’s structure includes a data file for capsid domain (PDB), capsid symmetry unit (PDB) and capsid structure information (PSF); these contain capsid structural information that is necessary to run further computational studies. Physicochemical properties analysis is implemented for calculating capsid total charge at given radii and for calculating charge distributions. This resource includes BLASTn and BLASTp tools, which can be applied to compare nucleotide and amino acid sequences. The diverse functionality of IRAM is valuable to researchers because it integrates different aspects of virus capsids via a user-friendly interface. Such data are critical for studying capsid evolution and patterns of conservation. The IRAM database can also provide initial necessary information for the design of synthetic capsids for various biotechnological applications.
County and Community in Medieval England
Authors: Dodd Gwilym 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The ‘county community’ is something of a hot potato amongst late medieval political historians. Since the publication of an influential article by Christine Carpenter in 1994, in which she condemned the county community as anachronistic and conceptually flawed, research on the political structures of late medieval England has mostly avoided the term and the idea. In other fields, the methodological challenges and conceptual complexities underpinning the idea of ‘community’ have been embraced and new, more nuanced understandings of how medieval people organised and represented themselves collectively have been achieved. It is now time for historians of politics and government in late medieval England to move beyond reductionist arguments about the existence or otherwise of county communities to investigate the assumptions and social realities that lay behind contemporary references to the ‘commonalty’, ‘commons’ or ‘people’ of one or more counties. This discussion offers the first in-depth analysis of the single most important evidence for grass-roots expressions of county solidarity: county community petitions. It argues that the county was not merely the creation of administrative expedience on the part of the Crown, but provided the basis for real and meaningful expressions of collective identity and corporate action locally. What underpinned the concept of the ‘county community’, and what gave it particular strength, was its inclusivity and flexibility. The discussion concludes by considering the particular circumstances of the early fourteenth century which helped stimulate a culture of corporate identity and self-help on the basis of the county unit.
Health inequalities: a Research Positioning Exercise at the National Institute of Health, Italy
Authors: Bucciardini Raffaella , Ferrelli Rita Maria , Giammarioli Anna Maria , Bortolin Emanuela , Fanales Belasio Emanuele , Mattioli Benedetta , Donfrancesco Chiara , Sabbatucci Michela , Pasetto Roberto , Colucci Anna , Mancinelli Rosanna , Palmieri Luigi , De Castro Paola , Sampaolo Letizia , Gaudi Simona , Falzano Loredana , Morelli Sandra , Grassi Tiziana , Buttò Stefano , Luzi Annamaria , Ricciardi Walter 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Background
The Italian National Institute of Health (Istituto Superiore di Sanità, ISS) considers health inequalities (HI) an important area of activity. As the scientific and technical body of the Ministry of Health and the National Health Service, ISS may play a key role to reduce HI. In order to enable ISS in addressing the new and crucial HI challenge, a Research Positioning Exercise was designed and implemented.

Methods
The Exercise included: (i) workshop to strengthen the institutional interest in the field of HI; (ii) review and analysis of ISS publications (years 2000–2017) to identify HI research topics; (iii) survey among ISS researchers regarding main research challenges to address HI in the coming years; and (iv) analysis of input on research challenges from HI international experts.

Results
The results of this Exercise suggest that the following points should be included in the future ISS agenda planning: (i) themes which ISS should continue working on (e.g. migrants/vulnerable groups); (ii) themes to be improved: (a) relationship between social determinants and mechanism of HI generation and (b) relationship between risk factors exposure and social determinants; and (iii) new themes to be addressed: (a) mechanisms underlying the resilience observed in Italy; (b) new socioeconomic indicators for HI monitoring; and (c) evidence-based policies aimed at reducing HI.

Conclusion
Findings of this Exercise show that ISS researchers identified relevant areas, addressing inequalities in addressing the health. Because of ISS structural peculiarity that includes multidisciplinary expertise, the ISS could provide a significant contribution to HI research challenges and knowledge gaps.
A practical measure for determining if diameter (D) and height (H) should be combined into D2H in allometric biomass models
Authors: Dutcă I , McRoberts R E , Næsset E , Blujdea V N B 
Published: May 2019

AbstractTree diameter at breast height (D) and tree height (H) are often used as predictors of individual tree biomass. Because D and H are correlated, the combined variable D2H is frequently used in regression models instead of two separate independent variables, to avoid collinearity related issues. The justification for D2H is that aboveground biomass is proportional to the volume of a cylinder of diameter, D, and height, H. However, the D2H predictor constrains the model to produce parameter estimates for D and H that have a fixed ratio, in this case, 2.0. In this paper we investigate the degree to which the D2H predictor reduces prediction accuracy relative to D and H separately and propose a practical measure, Q-ratio, to guide the decision as to whether D and H should or should not be combined into D2H. Using five training biomass datasets and two fitting approaches, weighted nonlinear regression and linear regression following logarithmic transformations, we showed that the D2H predictor becomes less efficient in predicting aboveground biomass as the Q-ratio deviates from 2.0. Because of the model constraint, the D2H-based model performed less well than the separate variable model by as much as 12 per cent with regard to mean absolute percentage residual and as much as 18 per cent with regard to sum of squares of log accuracy ratios. For the analysed datasets, we observed a wide variation in Q-ratios, ranging from 2.5 to 5.1, and a large decrease in efficiency for the combined variable model. Therefore, we recommend using the Q-ratio as a measure to guide the decision as to whether D and H may be combined further into D2H without the adverse effects of loss in biomass prediction accuracy.
Home-Based, Adaptive Cognitive Training for Cognitively Normal Older adults: Initial Efficacy Trial
Authors: Lee Hyun Kyu , Kent James D , Wendel Christopher , Wolinsky Fredric D , Foster Eric D , Merzenich Michael M , Voss Michelle W 
Published: May 2019

AbstractObjectivesWe examined whether a home-based, adaptive cognitive training (CT) program would lead to cognitive performance changes on a neuropsychological test battery in cognitively normal older adults.MethodSixty-eight older adults (age = 70.0, SD = 3.74) were randomly assigned to either CT or an active control group (AC, casual computer games). Participants were instructed to train on their assigned programs for 42 min per day, 5 days per week, over 10 weeks (35 hr of total program usage). Participants completed tests of processing speed, working memory, and executive control before and after 10 weeks of training.ResultsTraining groups did not differ in performance before training. After training, CT participants out-performed AC participants in the overall cognitive composite score, driven by processing speed and working memory domains.DiscussionOur results show that a limited dose of home-based CT can drive cognitive improvements as measured with neuropsychological test battery, suggesting potential cognitive health maintenance implications for cognitively normal older adults.