bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serum Vitamin D Level Does not Affect The Sensitivity of Parathyroid Adenoma Localization Tests
Authors: Sencar Muhammed Erkam , Sakiz Davut , Unsal Ilknur Ozturk , Hepsen Sema , Calapkulu Murat , Gumus Pelin , Ucan Bekir , Ozbek Mustafa , Cakal Erman 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to evaluate the predictive value of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, calcium and parathormone level, co-existence of thyroid nodule, thyroidectomy history and adenoma volume on the success of neck ultrasound (US) and technetium-99m sestamibi (MIBI) scan in primary hyperparathyroidism (PHP) patients. This study included 256 patients with PHP who underwent parathyroidectomy. 169 (%66) patients had vitamin D deficiency and 56 (%22) of patients had insufficiency. The sensitivity of US and MIBI studies showed no difference between vitamin D deficiency, insufficiency and replete groups (%80.5, %82 and %71 (p > 0.05) and %81, %84 and %71 respectively (p > 0.05)). Vitamin D level was not found to be an independent predictor of localization on either US or MIBI scan after adjusting for different variables (p > 0.05). Calcium level was found to be an independent predictor for US sensitivity (r2:0,033, p:0,032) and parathormone level for MIBI sensitivity (r2:0,05, p:0,025). The co-existence of nodular thyroid disease and history of thyroidectomy significantly decreased the sensitivity of US (%76 and %43). MIBI sensitivity was not impaired by nodular disease but the history of thyroidectomy also impaired the sensitivity of MIBI (%43). As a result vitamin D level does not affect the sensitivity of preoperative localization tests.
Changes in Spinal Alignment following eXtreme Lateral Interbody Fusion Alone in Patients with Adult Spinal Deformity using Computed Tomography
Authors: Hiyama Akihiko , Katoh Hiroyuki , Sakai Daisuke , Sato Masato , Tanaka Masahiro , Nukaga Tadashi , Watanabe Masahiko 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis study examined the ability of the extreme lateral interbody fusion (XLIF) procedure to restore coronal and sagittal alignments for patients with adult spinal deformity (ASD) using computed tomography multiplanar reconstruction (CT-MPR). Thirty-eight patients with ASD undergoing correction and fixation with XLIF at 114 levels were studied. The coronal segmental Cobb angle, coronal regional Cobb angle (L1-5), sagittal segmental Cobb angle, sagittal regional Cobb angle (L1-5), intervertebral disc height and, vertebral body rotation (VBR) were measured before and after of XLIF surgery using CT-MPR. The mean sagittal segmental Cobb angle, the coronal segmental Cobb angle and VBR were corrected from 5.0° to 9.0°, from 6.3° to 4.3° and from 12.2° to 10.8°, respectively. The mean of the intervertebral disc heights increased significantly from 6.0 mm to 10.4 mm postoperatively. Although increases in coronal segmental Cobb, sagittal segmental Cobb, and intervertebral disc height at each level were significant, there were no significant differences in each parameter acquired by spine levels. The results also showed that it was difficult for L4/5 level to obtain the most postoperative coronal Cobb, sagittal Cobb and intervertebral disc height. This study evaluated the alignment improvement effect of stand-alone XLIF in ASD patients using CT-MPR. For the lower lumbar spine, it is difficult to obtain a lordosis more than 10 degrees with stand-alone XLIF for correcting ASD. Therefore, it is thought that correction such as osteotomy or compression technique to the posterior fusion may be necessary during the 2nd stage surgery.
Understanding the Effect of Surface Machining on the YSZ/Ti6Al4V Joint via Image Based Modelling
Authors: Li Chun , Si Xiaoqing , Dai Xiangyu , Zhang Xun , Chen Ying , Qi Junlei , Dong Zhibo , Feng Jicai , Cao Jian 
Published: August 2019

AbstractA method to improve the brazing between YSZ and Ti6Al4V by femtosecond laser surface machining is introduced. The highest strength of ~150 MPa (which is 95.2% higher than that of the flat YSZ/Ti6Al4V joint) is achieved when the processing speed is 200 μm/s. To understand the strengthen mechanism of the surface machining on the joint strength, image based models, based on the observed microstructure, have been used to probe the stress distribution in the joint. It is found that through surface machining on the ceramic, the residual stress distribution in ceramic becomes nonlinear. Upon shear testing, for the joint with a flat interface, the failure happens in the reaction layer and the out of plane stress in this layer is found to be tensile, which acts as the driving force for the crack generation and propagation. But for the joint with a rumpled interface, the compressive out of plane stress at the boundary of the grooves in the reaction layer could inhibit the propagation of the cracks. Finally, by surface machining on the ceramic, the maximum shear stress in the reaction layer is decreased, which could also help to improve the reliability of the joint.
Analysis of the hump phenomenon and needle defect states formed by driving stress in the oxide semiconductor
Authors: Lee Hyeon-Jun , Abe Katsumi , Noh Hee Yeon , Kim June-Seo , Lee Hyunki , Lee Myoung-Jae 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe reduction in current ability accompanied by the hump phenomenon in oxide semiconductor thin-film transistors to which high DC voltages and AC drive voltages are applied has not been studied extensively, although it is a significant bottleneck in the manufacture of integrated circuits. Here, we report on the origin of the hump and current drop in reliability tests caused by the degradation in the oxide semiconductor during a circuit driving test. The hump phenomenon and current drop according to two different driving stresses were verified. Through a numerical computational simulation, we confirmed that this issue can be caused by an additional “needle”, a shallow (~0.2 eV) and narrow (<0.1 eV), defect state near the conduction band minimum (CBM). This is also discussed in terms of the dual current path caused by leakage current in the channel edge.
The p21 dependent G2 arrest of the cell cycle in epithelial tubular cells links to the early stage of renal fibrosis
Authors: Koyano Takayuki , Namba Masumi , Kobayashi Tomoe , Nakakuni Kyomi , Nakano Daisuke , Fukushima Masaki , Nishiyama Akira , Matsuyama Makoto 
Published: August 2019

AbstractRenal fibrosis is accompanied by the progression of chronic kidney disease. Despite a number of past and ongoing studies, our understanding of the underlying mechanisms remains elusive. Here we explored the progression of renal fibrosis using a mouse model of unilateral ureter obstruction. We found that in the initial stage of damage, where extracellular matrix was not yet deposited, proximal tubular cells arrested at G2 of the cell cycle. Further analyses indicated that the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 is partially involved in the G2 arrest after the damage. A newly produced monoclonal antibody against p21 revealed that levels of p21 were sharply upregulated in response to the damage during the initial stage but dropped toward the later stage. To investigate the requirement of p21 for the progression of renal fibrosis, we constructed the novel p21 deficient mice by i-GONAD method. Compared with wild-type mice, p21 deficient mice showed exacerbation of the fibrosis. Thus we propose that during the initial stage of the renal damage, tubular cells arrest in G2 partially depending on p21, thereby safeguarding kidney functions.
Mitochondrial 2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase (Decr) deficiency and impairment of thermogenesis in mouse brown adipose tissue
Authors: Mäkelä Anne M. , Hohtola Esa , Miinalainen Ilkka J. , Autio Joonas A. , Schmitz Werner , Niemi Kalle J. , Hiltunen J. Kalervo , Autio Kaija J. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractA large number of studies have demonstrated significance of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) for human health. However, many aspects on signals translating PUFA-sensing into body homeostasis have remained enigmatic. To shed light on PUFA physiology, we have generated a mouse line defective in mitochondrial dienoyl-CoA reductase (Decr), which is a key enzyme required for β-oxidation of PUFAs. Previously, we have shown that these mice, whose oxidation of saturated fatty acid is intact but break-down of unsaturated fatty acids is blunted, develop severe hypoglycemia during metabolic stresses and fatal hypothermia upon acute cold challenge. In the current work, indirect calorimetry and thermography suggested that cold intolerance of Decr−/− mice is due to failure in maintaining appropriate heat production at least partly due to failure of brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis. Magnetic resonance imaging, electron microscopy, mass spectrometry and biochemical analysis showed attenuation in activation of lipolysis despite of functional NE-signaling and inappropriate expression of genes contributing to thermogenesis in iBAT when the Decr−/− mice were exposed to cold. We hypothesize that the failure in turning on BAT thermogenesis occurs due to accumulation of unsaturated long-chain fatty acids or their metabolites in Decr−/− mice BAT suppressing down-stream propagation of NE-signaling.
Comparative Tyramide-FISH mapping of the genes controlling flavor and bulb color in Allium species revealed an altered gene order
Authors: Khrustaleva Ludmila , Kudryavtseva Natalia , Romanov Dmitry , Ermolaev Aleksey , Kirov Ilya 
Published: August 2019

AbstractEvolutionarily related species often share a common order of genes along homeologous chromosomes. Here we report the collinearity disruption of genes located on homeologous chromosome 4 in Allium species. Ultra-sensitive fluorescence in situ hybridization with tyramide signal amplification (tyr-FISH) allowed the visualization of the alliinase multigene family, chalcon synthase gene and EST markers on Allium cepa and Allium fistulosum chromosomes. In A. cepa, bulb alliinase, root alliinase (ALL1) and chalcon synthase (CHS-B) genes were located in the long arm but EST markers (API18 and ACM082) were located in the short arm. In A. fistulosum, all the visualized genes and markers were located in the short arm. Moreover, root alliinase genes (ALL1 and AOB249) showed contrast patterns in number of loci. We suppose that the altered order of the genes/markers is the result of a large pericentric inversion. To get insight into the evolution of the chromosome rearrangement, we mapped the bulb alliinase gene in phylogenetically close and distant species. In the taxonomic clade including A. fistulosum, A. altaicum, A. oschaninii and A. pskemense and in phylogenetically distant species A. roylei and A. nutans, the bulb alliinase gene was located on the short arm of chromosome 4 while, in A. cepa and A. schoenoprasum, the bulb alliinase gene was located on the long arm of chromosome 4. These results have encouraging implications for the further tracing of inverted regions in meiosis of interspecific hybrids and studding chromosome evolution. Also, this finding may have a practical benefit as closely related species are actively used for improving onion crop stock.
The Low Toxicity of Graphene Quantum Dots is Reflected by Marginal Gene Expression Changes of Primary Human Hematopoietic Stem Cells
Authors: Fasbender Stefan , Zimmermann Lisa , Cadeddu Ron-Patrick , Luysberg Martina , Moll Bastian , Janiak Christoph , Heinzel Thomas , Haas Rainer 
Published: August 2019

AbstractGraphene quantum dots (GQDs) are a promising next generation nanomaterial with manifold biomedical applications. For real world applications, comprehensive studies on their influence on the functionality of primary human cells are mandatory. Here, we report the effects of GQDs on the transcriptome of CD34+hematopoietic stem cells after an incubation time of 36 hours. Of the 20 800 recorded gene expressions, only one, namely the selenoprotein W, 1, is changed by the GQDs in direct comparison to CD34+hematopoietic stem cells cultivated without GQDs. Only a meta analysis reveals that the expression of 1171 genes is weakly affected, taking into account the more prominent changes just by the cell culture. Eight corresponding, weakly affected signaling pathways are identified, which include, but are not limited to, the triggering of apoptosis. These results suggest that GQDs with sizes in the range of a few nanometers hardly influence the CD34+cells on the transcriptome level after 36 h of incubation, thereby demonstrating their high usability forin vivostudies, such as fluorescence labeling or delivery protocols, without strong effects on the functional status of the cells.
Tunable Whispering Gallery Mode Photonic Device Based on Microstructured Optical Fiber with Internal Electrodes
Authors: Muñoz-Hernández Tatiana , Reyes-Vera Erick , Torres Pedro 
Published: August 2019

AbstractWe propose and experimentally demonstrate the first tunable whispering gallery mode (WGM) photonic device based on side-hole microstructured optical fiber (SH-MOF) with internal electrodes, in which the WGM quality factors do not decrease significantly during the tuning process. The resonant modes are redshifted simply by increasing the temperature. A description of the thermal tuning properties of the WGMs in SH-MOF with internal electrodes is performed by using a two-stage computational methodology, where the effects of metal filling process are considered. SH-MOF devices with internal electrodes are tested and the experimental results show excellent agreement with the theory. A linear relationship between the shift rate of the WGM modes and temperature is observed. The tunable SH-MOF microresonator with internal electrodes is anticipated to find potential applications in optical filtering, optical switching, and highly integrated tunable photonic devices.
Prognostic significance of early changes in serum biomarker levels in patients with newly diagnosed metastatic prostate cancer
Authors: Narita Shintaro , Nomura Kyoko , Hatakeyama Shingo , Takahashi Masahiro , Sakurai Toshihiko , Kawamura Sadafumi , Hoshi Senji , Ishida Masanori , Kawaguchi Toshiaki , Ishidoya Shigeto , Shimoda Jiro , Sato Hiromi , Mitsuzuka Koji , Tochigi Tatsuo , Tsuchiya Norihiko , Ohyama Chikara , Arai Yoichi , Nagashima Kengo , Habuchi Tomonori 
Published: August 2019

AbstractWe evaluated the impact of early changes in serum biomarker levels on the survival of patients with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) who were initially treated with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). We retrospectively investigated 330 patients with mHSPC whose serum maker levels were at baseline and at 2–4 months. An optimal Cox regression model was established with the highest optimism-corrected concordance index based on 10-fold cross-validation. The median cancer-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS) were 7.08 and 6.47 years (median follow-up, 2.53 years), respectively. In the final optimal Cox model with serum biomarker levels treated as time-varying covariates, prostate-specific antigen (PSA), hemoglobin (Hb), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) significantly increased the risk of poor survival in the context of both CSS and OS. Kaplan–Meier curves stratified by the three risk factors of high PSA, low Hb and high ALP desmondtated that median OS were not reached with none of these factors, 6.47 years with one or two factors, and 1.76 years with all three factors.Early changes in serum biomarker levels after ADT may be good prognostic markers for the survival of patients with mHSPC.
Purine metabolism in sprint- vs endurance-trained athletes aged 20‒90 years
Authors: Zieliński Jacek , Slominska Ewa M. , Król-Zielińska Magdalena , Krasiński Zbigniew , Kusy Krzysztof 
Published: August 2019

AbstractPurine metabolism is crucial for efficient ATP resynthesis during exercise. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of lifelong exercise training on blood purine metabolites in ageing humans at rest and after exhausting exercise. Plasma concentrations of hypoxanthine (Hx), xanthine (X), uric acid (UA) and the activity of erythrocyte hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl transferase (HGPRT) were measured in 55 sprinters (SP, 20‒90 years), 91 endurance runners (ER, 20‒81 years) and 61 untrained participants (UT, 21‒69 years). SP had significantly lower levels of plasma purine metabolites and higher erythrocyte HGPRT activity than ER and UT. In all three groups, plasma purine levels (except UA in UT) significantly increased with age (1.8‒44.0% per decade). HGPRT activity increased in SP and ER (0.5‒1.0%), while it remained unchanged in UT. Hx and X concentrations increased faster with age than UA and HGPRT levels. In summary, plasma purine concentration increases with age, representing the depletion of skeletal muscle adenine nucleotide (AdN) pool. In highly-trained athletes, this disadvantageous effect is compensated by an increase in HGPRT activity, supporting the salvage pathway of the AdN pool restoration. Such a mechanism is absent in untrained individuals. Lifelong exercise, especially speed-power training, limits the age-related purine metabolism deterioration.
Putting the data before the algorithm in big data addressing personalized healthcare
Authors: Cahan Eli M. , Hernandez-Boussard Tina , Thadaney-Israni Sonoo , Rubin Daniel L. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractTechnologies leveraging big data, including predictive algorithms and machine learning, are playing an increasingly important role in the delivery of healthcare. However, evidence indicates that such algorithms have the potential to worsen disparities currently intrinsic to the contemporary healthcare system, including racial biases. Blame for these deficiencies has often been placed on the algorithm—but the underlying training data bears greater responsibility for these errors, as biased outputs are inexorably produced by biased inputs. The utility, equity, and generalizability of predictive models depend on population-representative training data with robust feature sets. So while the conventional paradigm of big data is deductive in nature—clinical decision support—a future model harnesses the potential of big data for inductive reasoning. This may be conceptualized as clinical decision questioning, intended to liberate the human predictive process from preconceived lenses in data solicitation and/or interpretation. Efficacy, representativeness and generalizability are all heightened in this schema. Thus, the possible risks of biased big data arising from the inputs themselves must be acknowledged and addressed. Awareness of data deficiencies, structures for data inclusiveness, strategies for data sanitation, and mechanisms for data correction can help realize the potential of big data for a personalized medicine era. Applied deliberately, these considerations could help mitigate risks of perpetuation of health inequity amidst widespread adoption of novel applications of big data.
Cell-derived extracellular vesicles can be used as a biomarker reservoir for glioblastoma tumor subtyping
Authors: Lane Rosemary , Simon Thomas , Vintu Marian , Solkin Benjamin , Koch Barbara , Stewart Nicolas , Benstead-Hume Graeme , Pearl Frances M. G. , Critchley Giles , Stebbing Justin , Giamas Georgios 
Published: August 2019

AbstractGlioblastoma (GBM) is one of the most aggressive solid tumors for which treatment options and biomarkers are limited. Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) produced by both GBM and stromal cells are central in the inter-cellular communication that is taking place in the tumor bulk. As tumor sEVs are accessible in biofluids, recent reports have suggested that sEVs contain valuable biomarkers for GBM patient diagnosis and follow-up. The aim of the current study was to describe the protein content of sEVs produced by different GBM cell lines and patient-derived stem cells. Our results reveal that the content of the sEVs mirrors the phenotypic signature of the respective GBM cells, leading to the description of potential informative sEV-associated biomarkers for GBM subtyping, such as CD44. Overall, these data could assist future GBM in vitro studies and provide insights for the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic methods as well as personalized treatment strategies.
Diagnostic value of circulating miRNA-122 for hepatitis B virus and/or hepatitis C virus-associated chronic viral hepatitis
Authors: Zhou Xinhao , Fang Shiqiang , Wang Mian , Xiong Ali , Zheng Chao , Wang Jiulong , Yin Changqing 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background: The liver-specific microRNA-122 (miR-122) has been demonstrated as a powerful and promising biomarker of hepatic diseases. However, the researches on the accuracy of miR122 detection in chronic viral hepatitis have been inconsistent, leading us to conduct this meta-analysis to systematically summarize the diagnostic value of circulating miR-122 in patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and/or hepatitis C virus (HCV)-associated chronic viral hepatitis.
Methods: A comprehensive literature search (updated to January 30, 2019) in PubMed, Cochrane library, EMBASE, CNKI, Wanfang, and CQVIP databases was performed to identify eligible studies. The sensitivity (SEN), specificity (SPE), positive and negative likelihood ratios (PLR and NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and area under the curve (AUC) were pooled to explore the diagnostic performance of circulating miR-122. Subgroup and threshold effect analysis were further carried out to explore the heterogeneity.
Results: Overall, 15 studies were finally included in this meta-analysis according to the exclusion and inclusion criteria. The pooled estimates indicated a moderately high diagnostic accuracy for circulating miR-122, with a sensitivity of 0.92 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.86–0.95], a specificity of 0.84 (95% CI, 0.78–0.89), a PLR of 5.7 (95% CI, 4.7–8.1), a NLR of 0.1 (95% CI, 0.06–0.18), a DOR of 57 (95% CI 25-129), and an AUC of 0.93 (95% CI, 0.91–0.95). The subgroup analysis demonstrated that diagnostic accuracy was better for HCV-associated chronic viral hepatitis patients and non-Chinese compared with other subgroups. In addition, we found that serum might be a more promising matrix for detecting the expression of miR-122 than plasma.
Conclusions: Our results demonstrated that circulating miR-122 have a relatively high diagnostic value for chronic viral hepatitis detection, especially in the patients with HCV-associated chronic viral hepatitis. However, further large cohort studies are still required to confirm our findings.