bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Environmental liability and global commons: a critical study
Authors: Nigar Meher 
Published: February 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to give an outline of existing laws that regulate each area of the Commons. With specific reference to the growing international concern for the protection of the global commons, this paper aims to re-examine to what extent present legal regime for global commons is successful. Finally, it proceeds with some way outs and suggestions that may, if adopted, play significant role to protect common areas from environmental damage.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper is purely analytical. Analytical approach has been applied to proceed with the write-up which is basically based on the review of primary and secondary literature studies including books, scholarly articles and laws. Internet-browsing is being used for collection of most recent literature on the subject. Relevant case studies in this regard are evaluated.

Findings
Transboundary damage is a practical and contextual matter requiring concrete rules and principles, both procedural and substantive. Here, priority is to establish minimum standards of conduct for such activities that affect the environment of global commons, at the national and international level. An expertly designed treaty with balanced contents, which are strong enough to hold the state parties liable for their activities and, at the same time, motivating enough to be bound by obligation by ratification, is to be adopted.

Originality/value
This paper is original in calling for the full participation of all states, rich and poor, to address damage to global commons effectively and efficiently.
Does legitimacy matter in whistleblowing intentions?
Authors: Mbago Musa , Mpeera Ntayi Joseph , Mutebi Henry 
Published: February 2018

PurposeThe purpose of the study is to examine the role of legitimacy in forming whistleblowing behavior in Ugandan procuring and disposing entities (PDEs).Design/methodology/approachThis study has adopted both a quantitative and qualitative cross-sectional research design to collect data from a sample of 97 out of the population of 129 PDEs in Kampala, which are regulated by the Public Procurement and Disposal of Assets Authority.FindingsThis paper finds that improvement in the perception of public servants about the appropriateness of the Whistleblowers Act and its enforcers can increase on the reporting of unethical practices in public procurement.Research limitations/implicationsThis study has used a cross-sectional survey data. The causal relationships between variables are possibly obscured; as data from all participants are collected at the same point of time, perceptions go on changing over time. Therefore, further studies should use a longitudinal approach. Second, there are no constructs for legitimacy in public procurement and those from law are domesticated.Practical implicationsThere should be a promotion of legitimacy of the Whistleblowers Act and the enforcement agencies of the Act. The government should devise means for the public servants to have an obligation to obey the holders of authority, to trust and have confidence in them and to enforce the Whistleblowers Act in an ethical and normative framework.Originality/valueThis study reveals the whistleblowing intentions and behavior of public servants in PDEs. This study would help the Government of Uganda to make the Whistleblowing Act legitimate and its enforcers to increase on the reporting of unethical practices in public procurement.
Trade versus riba in the Qurʾān with a critique of the role of bank-saving
Authors: Choudhury Masudul Alam , Rahman Asmak A.B. , Hasan Abul 
Published: February 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to explain the dynamics of the inner inter-variable functional relations of trade versus oppositely coterminous variables of interest rates as shadow rates of interest. Such an explanation of trade versus riba relations has not been covered in the literature on Islamic economics and finance. Furthermore, the consequences of understanding the trade vs riba rule in relation to the bank-saving function remains absent in the literature. This problem as an important one between trade-interest rate and bank-savings interrelationship is studied. An empirical explanation is given besides the analytical explanation. This paper therefore presents an original and substantive topic to study.

Design/methodology/approach
The avoidance of usury and financial interest have equivalent injunction in the Qur’an by the riba rule. To attain and implement the riba-avoidance rule, it is necessary to understand this rule in terms of its adverse relationship; and contrarily by the positively complementary interrelationship between trade, money, finance and the real economy under the impact of the riba rule. In explaining such inter-causal relationships, certain analytical matters stand out as key points. These are studied in the light of the Islamic methodological basis of the ontological law of participatory oneness as monotheistic unity of knowledge and its impact on the understanding of the trade versus riba and bank-savings rule.

Findings
First, bank-savings cause withdrawal of resource mobilization and thus rupture the positive complementarities between the purpose and objective of the Shari’ah (maqasid-as-shari’ah) variables. Second, to deeply understand the rule of establishing trade versus the practice of riba (financial interest) and the needed theory of complementary inter-variable relationships to enable the relationship of trade versus riba, it is fundamentally necessary to understand the Qur’anic epistemological premise of Tawhidi unity of knowledge as organic unity and its induction in the generality and details of the problems under study.

Originality/value
Such an explanation of trade versus riba relations with the instrument of bank-savings has not been covered in the literature on Islamic economics and finance. It is therefore an original and substantive issue to study.
The investigation of the effects of spiritual values and behaviors on business development and performance of Muslim preneurship
Authors: Mahyarni Mahyarni , Meflinda Astuti , Indrayani Henni 
Published: February 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to determine the effect between variables and formulate policies related to Muslim business preneurship in the future.

Design/methodology/approach
Partial least square (PLS) data processing method is used is this study.

Findings
The result shows that Muslim preneurship spiritual values will lead to an increase in Muslim preneurship behaviors in running a business on society and performance on society. Indonesian people realize that Muslim preneurship development at the present time cannot be separated from the development of small- and medium-sized enterprises spread throughout the country.

Originality/value
The PLS method that was applied to determine the effect between variables and formulate policies related to Muslim businesses preneurship in the future. This research location was Riau and West Sumatra, Indonesia, and the variables were spiritual values and behavioral and developmental Muslim business preneurship.
The possible inclusion of legal provisions in Islamic banking and finance
Authors: Modan Carino , Hassan Rusni 
Published: February 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to thoroughly examine the extent to which the current legal and regulatory framework is inclusive towards Islamic banking and finance (IBF) practices in the attempts to introduce IBF as a significant component in the Mozambique’s financial system. This is achieved by providing a critical review on the Mozambican current legal and regulatory framework including the court and arbitration system, as well as the country’s financial institutions law and regulations.

Design/methodology/approach
The methodology used in this study is the qualitative approach. The analysis made is based on descriptive and analytical approach whereby the study examined and critically analysed the banking regulations in Mozambique with the purpose of finding the legal gap in the existing legal and regulatory framework that allows the introduction of IBF in the country.

Findings
This study finds that whilst some legal provisions in the current legal and regulatory framework are conflicting with the Sharï’ah principles such as the definition of loans and the concept of interest, there is also a certain number of enabling features that can be immediately explored, including deposits (with no interest), leasing operations, investment funds or venture capital.

Research limitations/implications
At present, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first attempt ever made to assess the compatibility of the existing Mozambican commercial laws with the Islamic principles hence identifying the challenges that might arise due to the implementation of IBF practices in Mozambique.

Practical implications
This paper has several practical implications in the sense that it helps the financial market authorities in Mozambique to be able to foresee possible inclusion of provisions on Islamic transactions in the country’s existing financial regulations.

Social implications
The contributions of this paper lie in the valuable recommendations made on the insertion of Islamic principles in the current regulatory framework as well as assisting in overcoming some of the conflicting aspects in medium to long term. Mozambique should explore and benefit from the experience and lessons learned by the neighbouring countries that have successfully adopted the IBF practice. It is recommended that the Central Bank should establish a “task force team”, comprising of multi-skilled professionals and experts in Islamic finance from various internal areas ranging from licensing to supervision together with Sharï’ah scholars and representatives from the Muslim Community, to study the required process for adoption of IBF in the country.

Originality/value
There is no other study on IBF in Mozambique, particularly on legal and regulatory aspects.
Establishment of Islamic capital market in jurisdictions with limited Islamic financial services
Authors: Muneeza Aishath 
Published: February 2018

Purpose
It is said that to establish an Islamic Capital Market, the first step would be to have a strong Islamic finance industry with numerous institutions offering Islamic financial services. This way it is easy to know that the demand for Islamic capital market would be there and that market will be sophisticated enough to comprehensive the nature of shariah compliant products. Generally, in most of the jurisdictions, this is how the Islamic capital market is created. The purpose of this paper is to understand the establishment of Islamic capital market in Maldives, small island nation where the establishment of Islamic capital market happened when at a time there was only one takaful company and one Islamic bank established.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper is a legal exploratory research that is based on the review of primary and secondary data available on the subject matter.

Findings
It is anticipated that this paper will provide assistance and inspiration to those jurisdictions that aims to create Islamic capital market from scratch.

Originality/value
It shall be noted that there are no literature available on this subject about Maldives, and as such, this paper can be starting point to preserve knowledge in this area.
The initiation and operations phase of the litigation funder – class action law firm relationship
Authors: Waye Vicki Catherine 
Published: February 2018

Purpose
Drawing on “Strategic Alliance” literature and qualitative research methods, the purpose of this study is to examine the initiation and operations phases of the relationship between Australian litigation funders and class law firms. The initiation phase examines factors such as complementarity between needs and assets compatibility between the funder and the class law firm goals of the alliance trust and alliance structure. The operations phase considers factors such as governance, communication and risk management and accountability. Because of its focus on the fairness of settlement, case law provides limited understanding of the drivers of the class law firm and funder relationship. An “inside look” of how the funder-law firm is initiated and made operational provides a more accurate picture and has important implications for the management of the ethical issues that arise during the course of that relationship.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper is a content analysis and contains qualitative interviews.

Findings
The strategic alliance between class law firms and litigation funders has evolved within an institutional climate that has acknowledged the benefits that the alliance can bring to the conduct of class actions. That same institutional environment has led to an alliance which is informal and transactionally oriented, where each of the parties maintains a demarcation in function. Although they share aspects of the strategic management of class actions, funders continue to be diligent monitors of class law firms, and class law firms continue to advance the legal rights of class members.

Research limitations/implications
It is observed that the size of the sample is small driven by a number of market participants.

Practical implications
The paper confirms that the litigation funder–law firm strategic alliance works well as a result of institutional constraints.

Social implications
Each of the alliance partners was keen to ensure that neither they nor their partner acted in a way which might attract judicial disapproval. Each also believed that they played a positive role in promoting class member interests, albeit that their primary motivation was to earn fees or a commission. The success of the alliance between class law firms and litigation funders has substantially improved access to justice in Australia for small claims holders.

Originality/value
The paper provides insight into a strategic alliance which is formed primarily for the benefit of third parties. This is one of the first papers to consider the litigation funder–law firm relationship through the lens of strategic alliance literature.
What is the value of foreign work experience for young return migrants?
Authors: Kureková Lucia Mýtna , Žilinčíková Zuzana 
Published: February 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to understand the value of foreign work experience for young migrants after their return to the home country labour market and their labour market preferences relative to stayers.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors analyse the labour market integration patterns of young return migrants in Slovakia. After reconstructing the life histories of young people from online CVs, a set of regression models investigates the attractiveness, salary expectations and positions of interest to returnees in comparison to stayers.

Findings
Post-accession foreign work experience increases the attractiveness of job candidates. Foreign work experience changes the expectations of returnees with respect to wages and widens their perspective on the location of future work. In the underperforming labour market, migration experience signals to employers a set of skills that differentiate young returnees from young stayers in a positive way.

Research limitations/implications
While the web data are not representative, it allows the authors to study return migration from a perspective that large representative data sets do not allow.

Social implications
Foreign work experience is, in general, an asset for (re)integration into the home labour market, but the higher salary demands of returnees might hinder the process in a less-skilled segment of the labour market.

Originality/value
Return migration is a relatively underresearched area, and knowledge about the perception of returnees among employers and the labour market preferences of returnees is relatively limited. Another contribution lies in the use of online data to analyse return migration from the perspective of both labour demand and supply.
Firm insurance and sickness absence of employees
Authors: Pertold Filip , Westergaard-Nielsen Niels 
Published: February 2018

Purpose
In Denmark and several other European countries, firms are obliged to cover the first two weeks of sickness. The insurance scheme is provided by government authority and is designed to help small firms with the financial burden related to sickness absence of their workers. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of firms’ participation in an insurance scheme on the long-term sickness absence of their employees, using administrative records.

Design/methodology/approach
To identify potential moral hazard, the authors use IV approach created by the eligibility threshold, in order to identify the true causal effect of sickness insurance on sickness absence of workers. The authors use the eligibility criterion as an instrument for the participation in the insurance scheme. The authors confirm the presence of moral hazard in insured firms.

Findings
The authors show that sickness absence in insured firms is much more prevalent than in uninsured firms. Sickness spells in insured firms are shorter and the conditional probability to return back to work from sickness is much higher in insured firms.

Practical implications
These results suggest that employees in insured firms are less monitored during the first two weeks and that their sickness is less serious. The authors demonstrate in the paper that the minimum cost of the present insurance scheme is similar to about 1,100 man-years. On top of that comes a substantial cost to more short time sickness.

Originality/value
The authors provide additional evidence on this topic using precise administrative spell data combined with socio-economic data. Compared to previous literature, the authors include duration analysis and identify the presence of moral hazard using a Cox proportional hazard model.
Apprenticeships, mobility and wages an investigation on French data
Authors: Lene Alexandre , Cart Benoit 
Published: February 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to estimate the effect of mobility on the apprentices’ wages.Design/methodology/approachUsing a French longitudinal survey concerned with young people’s entry into the labor market and their subsequent employment trajectories, this paper estimates the impact of mobility on post-apprenticeship wages correcting for different selection bias.FindingsMobility is both voluntary and enforced. It combines imposed selection mechanisms and more active match searching behaviors on the part of apprentices. Apprentices who change employer do not have significant lower starting wages than those who remain in their training firms. Nevertheless, in the medium term, those who defer their moves tend to benefit more from their mobility. Those who move immediately see their wage rising less sharply.Practical implicationsThe findings indicate that policy makers should be concerned with job mobility at the end of the apprenticeship contract. Manpower policies should focus on measures that enhance the transferability of accumulated skills and the acquisition of new skills by apprentices.Originality/valueTo the author’ best knowledge, this is the first paper studying the effect of mobility on apprentices’ wages in a dynamic perspective and correcting for the selection of different categories of mobility (immediate vs deferred mobility).
The social benefits of kaizen initiatives in healthcare: an empirical study
Authors: Bortolotti Thomas , Boscari Stefania , Danese Pamela , Medina Suni Hebert Alonso , Rich Nicholas , Romano Pietro 
Published: February 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to identify the most influential determinants of healthcare employees’ problem-solving capabilities and attitudes towards kaizen initiatives, and clarify how these determinants are related to social outcomes.Design/methodology/approachDrawing on the input-process-outcome framework, applied to kaizen initiatives, the determinants of the input and process factors are embodied in hypotheses concerning the direct effects of input and process factors on social outcomes and the indirect effects of input factors on social outcomes resulting from process factors. The hypotheses are tested through multiple regressions using data from 105 kaizen initiatives drawn from two hospitals.FindingsOf the 14 determinants investigated, goal clarity, team autonomy, management support, goal difficulty and affective commitment to change (ACC) are the most influential determinants of kaizen capabilities and/or employees’ attitude. Goal clarity, goal difficulty, team autonomy and management support are also found to influence social outcomes directly and/or indirectly through ACC, internal processes and/or an action orientation.Practical implicationsThe results support healthcare practitioners to understand how to establish “focused kaizen” actions to leverage specific determinants that positively influence social outcomes.Originality/valueThis study provides an original contribution to the literature concerning effective kaizen initiatives in healthcare operations by empirically testing a comprehensive model of the relationship between kaizen initiative determinants and social outcomes. Unlike previous studies, which are mostly anecdotal or focused on one or few determinants, this research adopts a holistic view, and investigates a pluralist set of determinants on social outcomes through a systematic and quantitative approach.
Top management team international experience and strategic decision-making
Authors: Azam Akbar , Boari Cristina , Bertolotti Fabiola 
Published: February 2018

PurposeThis study aims to explore the influence of top management team international experience on international strategic decision-making rationality and, subsequently, its effect on decision effectiveness (decision performance).Design/methodology/approachThis analysis is based on survey data of small- and medium-sized international Pakistani firms operating in the IT industry.FindingsResults show that top management team international experience is positively related to international strategic decision-making rationality, and the latter partially mediates the international experience – decision effectiveness relationship.Research limitations/implicationsThe study is based on data collected from a single industry and focuses on an international decision that occurred within a time-frame of previous four years.Practical implicationsFindings suggest that international firms, when composing their top management teams, should favor the inclusion of internationally experienced managers.Originality/valueThe study of the influence of international experience on the decision-making process in general and decision-making rationality in particular has been largely neglected in extant literature. This paper highlights one way through which the international experience of the top management team as a whole relates to the effectiveness of international decisions. The paper also advances emergent managerial cognition literature focusing on the top management team and not individual decision makers.