bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factores sociodemográficos y prenatales asociados a la anemia en gestantes peruanas
Authors: Ortiz Montalvo Yonathan Josué , Ortiz Romaní Katherine Jenny , Castro Trujillo Belisa Sandy , Nuñez Revilla Sandra Christine , Rengifo Balta Gladys Lucila 
Published: October 2019

Objective: To determine the association between sociodemographic and prenatal factors with anemia in Peruvian pregnant women.Method: Secondary analysis of the ENDES 2017 sample. The sample consisted of pregnant women between 15 and 49 years old. The dependent variable was iron deficiency anemia and the independent variables were sociodemographic and prenatal factors. For the bivariate analysis. prevalence ratio was calculated.Results: Regarding sociodemographic factors and anemia, pregnant women with a higher educational level have less possibility of presenting anemia (PR: 0,91; 95% CI: 0,42-1,96; p = 0,041). On the other hand, among the obstetric and prenatal factors associated with anemia were: initiate prenatal control in the third month (PR: 1,4; 95% CI: 0,74-1,58, p = 0,03) and be found in the second trimester of pregnancy ( PR: 1,35, 95% CI: 0,74-1,58; p = 0,04). While pregnant women who have more children (PR: 0,87; 95% CI: 0,78-0,97; p = 0,02) are less likely to have anemia.Conclusion: The higher educational level and having more children are protective factors of anemia. The start of prenatal control from the third month and the second trimester of pregnancy were associated with the presence of anemia in pregnant women.
Objetivo: Determinar la asociación entre los factores sociodemográficos y prenatales con la anemia en gestantes peruanas.Método: Análisis secundario de la muestra ENDES 2017. La muestra fue de 639 gestantes entre 15 a 49 años. La variable dependiente fue la anemia ferropénica y las variables independientes fueron los factores sociodemográficos y prenatales. Para el análisis bivariado se calculó la Razón de prevalencia. Resultados: Respecto a los factores sociodemográficos y la anemia, las gestantes con un nivel educativo superior tienen menos posibilidad de presentar anemia (PR: 0,91; IC 95%: 0,42-1.96; p= 0,041). Por otro lado, entre los factores obstétricos y prenatales asociados a la anemia fueron: iniciar el control prenatal en el tercer mes (PR: 1,4; IC 95%: 0,74-1,58; p= 0,03) y encontrarse en el segundo trimestre de embarazo (PR: 1,35; IC 95%: 0,74-1,58; p= 0,04). Mientras que las gestantes que tienen más hijos (PR: 0,87; IC 95%: 0,78-0,97; p= 0,02) tienen menos posibilidad de presentar anemia.Conclusión: El nivel educativo superior y tener más hijos son factores protectores de la anemia. El inicio de control prenatal a partir del tercer mes y el segundo trimestre de gestación se asociaron con la presencia de anemia en las gestantes.
Impacts of deletion and ichthyosis prematurity syndrome‐associated mutations in fatty acid transport protein 4 on the function of RPE65
Authors: Li Songhua , Green John F. , Jin Minghao 
Published: October 2019

The retinal pigment epithelium‐specific 65 kDa (RPE65) isomerase plays a pivotal role in photoreceptor survival and function. RPE65‐catalyzed synthesis of 11‐cis‐retinol from all‐trans‐retinyl esters in the visual cycle is negatively regulated, through a heretofore unknown mechanism, by the fatty acid transport protein FATP4, mutations in which are associated with ichthyosis prematurity syndrome (IPS). Here, we analyzed the interaction between deletion mutants of FATP4 and RPE65 and the impacts of IPS‐associated FATP4 mutations on RPE65 expression, 11‐cis‐retinol synthesis, and all‐trans‐retinyl ester synthesis. Our results suggest that the interaction between FATP4 and RPE65 contributes to the inhibition of RPE65 function and that IPS‐associated nonsense and missense mutations in FATP4 have different effects on the visual cycle.
Paper‐Like, Thin, Foldable, and Self‐Healable Electronics Based on PVA/CNC Nanocomposite Film
Authors: Kim Jung Wook , Park Heun , Lee Geumbee , Jeong Yu Ra , Hong Soo Yeong , Keum Kayeon , Yoon Junyeong , Kim Min Su , Ha Jeong Sook 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe facile fabrication of thin and foldable self‐healing electronics on a poly(vinyl alcohol)/cellulose nanocrystal (PVA/CNC) composite film is reported. The self‐healing property of the PVA/CNC nanocomposite film can be activated by spraying water on the film surface, via dynamic formation of hydrogen bonding. The self‐healing efficiency of PVA/CNC is influenced by the content of CNC in the film, pH of the spraying solution, and the temperature. Via vacuum filtration and pattern transfer techniques, both a supercapacitor and a temperature sensor are fabricated on the same PVA/CNC film using gold nanosheet (AuNS) and polyaniline/multiwalled nanotube (PANI/MWCNT) electrodes. The fabricated supercapacitor with a gel‐type electrolyte exhibits a high electrochemical performance, and the thermoresistive temperature sensor shows a linear sensitivity with a fast response. Both devices exhibit superior mechanical stability and self‐healing property over 100 repetitive folding and five repetitive healing cycles, respectively, retaining the device performance owing to the percolated network of the conductive materials. This work demonstrates that our paper‐like thin PVA/CNC film‐based self‐healable devices can serve as highly durable and deformable electronics with longevity.
Emerging Self‐Emissive Technologies for Flexible Displays
Authors: Zhang Dongdong , Huang Tianyu , Duan Lian 
Published: October 2019

AbstractFeaturing a combination of ultrathin and lightweight properties, excellent mechanical flexibility, low power‐consumption, and widely tunable saturated emission, flexible displays have opened up a new possibility for optoelectronics. The demands for flexible displays are growing on a continual basis due not only to their successful commercialization but, more importantly, their endless possibilities for wearable integrated systems. Up to now, self‐emissive technologies for displays, flexible active‐matrix organic light‐emitting diodes (flex‐AMOLED), flexible quantum dot light‐emitting diodes (flex‐QLEDs), and flexible perovskite light‐emitting diodes (flex‐PeLEDs) have been widely reported, but despite the significant progress made in these technologies, enormous obstacles and challenges remain for the vision of truly wearable applications, in particular with flex‐QLEDs and flex‐PeLEDs. Here, a review of the recent progress of all three self‐emissive technologies for flexible displays is conducted, including the emissive active materials, device structures and approaches to manufacturing, the flexible substrates, and conductive electrodes, as well as the encapsulation techniques. The fast‐paced improvement made to the efficiency of flexible devices in recent years is also summarized. The review concludes by making suggestions on the future development in this area, and is expected to help researchers in gaining a comprehensive understanding about the newly emerging technologies for flexible displays.
Phase Transition and Superconductivity Enhancement in Se‐Substituted MoTe2 Thin Films
Authors: Li Peiling , Cui Jian , Zhou Jiadong , Guo Dong , Zhao Zhenzheng , Yi Jian , Fan Jie , Ji Zhongqing , Jing Xiunian , Qu Fanming , Yang Changli , Lu Li , Lin Junhao , Liu Zheng , Liu Guangtong 
Published: October 2019

AbstractConsecutively tailoring few‐layer transition metal dichalcogenides MX2 from 2H to Td phase may realize the long‐sought topological superconductivity in a single material system by incorporating superconductivity and the quantum spin Hall effect together. Here, this study demonstrates that a consecutive structural phase transition from Td to 1T′ to 2H polytype can be realized by increasing the Se concentration in Se‐substituted MoTe2 thin films. More importantly, the Se‐substitution is found to dramatically enhance the superconductivity of the MoTe2 thin film, which is interpreted as the introduction of two‐band superconductivity. The chemical‐constituent‐induced phase transition offers a new strategy to study the s+− superconductivity and the possible topological superconductivity, as well as to develop phase‐sensitive devices based on MX2 materials.
Quinone‐Based Redox Supercapacitor Using Highly Conductive Hard Carbon Derived from Oak Wood
Authors: Katsuyama Yuto , Nakayasu Yuta , Oizumi Kotaro , Fujihara Yui , Kobayashi Hiroaki , Honma Itaru 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn this study, the use of biorefined wood materials in the fabrication of organic redox supercapacitors is proposed. Oak‐derived hard carbon (HC) is revealed to have a nanographite domain structure, showing conductivity as high as that of artificial graphite. The CO2‐activated hard carbon (A–HC) has a conductivity one order higher than that of commercial activated carbon, with a surface area of 1126 m2 g−1. The energy densities of supercapacitors composed of a tetrachlorohydroquinone cathode and anthraquinone (AQ) or 1,5‐dichloroanthraquinone (DCAQ) anode are 19.0 and 13.8 Wh kg−1, respectively. The utilization rate of AQ with A–HC is 97.6% (250.9 mAh g−1), which is much higher than those in previous reports (≈80%). After 1000 cycles, 91.0% of the discharge capacity is retained when the DCAQ anode is used. Biorefined wood materials lead to a remarkable improvement in the operation of organic supercapacitors. This is intriguing, because the functional carbon material herein is easily prepared from a natural resource, wood, whereas numerous studies have prepared such materials from artificial chemical sources. Therefore, the use of oak‐derived HC enhances the usability of organic active materials for energy storage devices and potentially has a far‐reaching impact on the environment.
Catalytic Mechanisms and Design Principles for Single‐Atom Catalysts in Highly Efficient CO2 Conversion
Authors: Gong Lele , Zhang Detao , Lin Chun‐Yu , Zhu Yonghao , Shen Yang , Zhang Jing , Han Xiao , Zhang Lipeng , Xia Zhenhai 
Published: October 2019

AbstractDirect conversion of CO2 into carbon‐neutral fuels or industrial chemicals holds a great promise for renewable energy storage and mitigation of greenhouse gas emission. However, experimentally finding an electrocatalyst for specific final products with high efficiency and high selectivity poses serious challenges due to multiple electron transfer, complicated intermediates, and numerous reaction pathways in electrocatalytic CO2 reduction. Here, an intrinsic descriptor that correlates the catalytic activity with the topological, bonding, and electronic structures of catalytic centers on M–N–C based single‐atom catalysts is discovered. The “volcano”‐shaped relationships between the descriptor and catalytic activity are established from which the best single‐atom catalysts for CO2 reduction are found. Moreover, the reaction mechanisms, intermediates, reaction pathways, and final products can also be distinguished by this new descriptor. The descriptor can also be used to predict the activity of the single‐atom catalysts for electrochemical reactions such as hydrogen evolution, oxygen reduction and evolution reactions in fuel cells and water‐splitting. These predictions are confirmed by the experimental results for onset potential and Faraday efficiency. The design principles derived from the descriptors open a door for rational design and rapid screening of highly efficient electrocatalysts for CO2 conversion as well as other electrochemical energy systems.
Core–shell adsorbents by electrospun MOF‐polymer composites with improved adsorption properties: Theory and experiments
Authors: Armstrong Mitchell R. , Shan Bohan , Winarta Joseph , Mu Bin 
Published: October 2019

AbstractA new class of core–shell adsorbents has been created by electrospun metal–organic framework (MOF) particles embedded in polymer nanofibers, which have provided many unique properties compared to the existing MOF coating technologies. For the first time, we demonstrate the improved adsorption selectivity of CO2over N2using electrospun polymer/ZIF‐8 adsorbents in experiments. Furthermore, an analytical model based on the assumption that the diffusivity in core is 10 times higher than that in shell is developed to describe the theory of improved selectivity for core–shell adsorbents that is validated against a more accurate finite element model developed in COMSOL. Our model shows three regimes including exclusive shell uptake, linear core uptake, and asymptotic core uptake. These regimes are related to material properties and uptake times, which could be used as design criteria to balance core stability, maximum selectivity, and maximum uptake. An advanced HAADF STEM tomography (MovieS1) shows that the shell thickness in the case of polymer/ZIF‐8 is on the order of 10 nm, allowing the regime of maximum selectivity to be realized. Kinetically limited adsorption tests at 45°C demonstrate that these composite fibers can perform in a regime of selectivity and uptake for the separation of CO2and N2that is unobtainable by either the MOF or fiber independently, showing a great potential for postcombustion CO2capture.
Intensified energetically enhanced steam methane reforming through the use of membrane reactors
Authors: Pichardo Patricia A. , Manousiouthakis Vasilios I. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis work focuses on the implementation of membrane reactors (MRs) in the production of hydrogen through steam–methane reforming (SMR). A novel equilibrium MR model featuring Gibbs Free Energy Minimization is introduced and applied to the SMR‐MR process. In addition, the concept of “energetically enhanced steam methane reforming (EER),” which allows for the use of a hybrid (methane combustion/renewable energy) energy supply in the production of hydrogen, is intensified. The UNISIM software (Honeywell™) is used to create a range of intensified flowsheets depicting the proposed IEER‐MR process as well as two baseline flowsheets depicting “a standard SMR‐MR process” and “a fully exothermic EER process.” Heat integration studies are carried out on the developed flowsheets, and the baseline designs are compared to the IEER‐MR designs to identify energetic intensification.
A Simple Organic Molecule Realizing Simultaneous TADF, RTP, AIE, and Mechanoluminescence: Understanding the Mechanism Behind the Multifunctional Emitter
Authors: Zhan Lisi , Chen Zhanxiang , Gong Shaolong , Xiang Yepeng , Ni Fan , Zeng Xuan , Xie Guohua , Yang Chuluo 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAggregation‐induced emission (AIE), thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF), room‐temperature phosphorescence (RTP), and mechanoluminescence (ML) have attracted widespread interest. However, a multifunctional organic emitter exhibiting simultaneous AIE, TADF, RTP, and ML has not been reported. Now, two multifunctional blue emitters with very simple structures, mono‐DMACDPS and Me‐DMACDPS, exhibit typical AIE, TADF, and RTP properties but different behavior in mechanoluminescence. Crystal structure analysis reveals that large dipole moment and multiple intermolecular interactions with tight packing mode endow mono‐DMACDPS with strong ML. Combined with the data of crystal analysis and theoretical calculation, the separated monomer and dimer in the crystal lead to the typical TADF and RTP properties, respectively. Simple‐structure mono‐DMACDPS is the first example realizing TADF, RTP, AIE, and ML simultaneously.
Oberflächenstabilisatoren und ihre Rolle bei der formkontrollierten Synthese von kolloidalen Metall‐Nanokristallen
Authors: Yang Tung‐Han , Shi Yifeng , Janssen Annemieke , Xia Younan 
Published: October 2019

AbstractOberflächenstabilisatoren werden eingesetzt, um das Wachstum von Keimen zu Nanokristallen mit gut kontrollierbaren Formen zu steuern. Hier wird eine Übersicht über diese Mittel gegeben, wobei der Schwerpunkt auf dem mechanistischen Verständnis ihrer Rolle bei der Steuerung der Formentwicklung metallischer Nanokristalle liegt. Begonnen wird mit einer Einführung in die frühe Geschichte der Oberflächenstabilisatoren, gefolgt von einer Diskussion darüber, wie an der Synthese von Metall‐Nanokristallen beteiligte Stabilisatoren die Thermodynamik und Kinetik beeinflussen. Danach werden Beispiele für Oberflächenstabilisatoren diskutiert, einschließlich ihrer Bindungsselektivität, Wechselwirkung auf molekularer Ebene mit einer Metalloberfläche und Auswirkungen auf das Wachstum metallischer Nanokristalle. Es werden Fortschritte bei der Nutzung von Oberflächenstabilisatoren zur Erzeugung von Nanokristallen mit komplexen Strukturen und/oder zur Verbesserung ihrer katalytischen Eigenschaften beschrieben. Schließlich werden Strategien zum Austausch und zur Entfernung der Stabilisatoren sowie Perspektiven für die zukünftige Entwicklung diskutiert.
Protecting the Lithium Metal Anode for a Safe Flexible Lithium‐Air Battery in Ambient Air
Authors: Liu Tong , Feng Xi‐lan , Jin Xin , Shao Ming‐zhe , Su Yu‐tong , Zhang Yu , Zhang Xin‐bo 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe flexible Li‐air battery (FLAB) with ultrahigh energy density is a hopeful candidate for flexible energy storage devices. However, most current FLAB operate in a pure oxygen atmosphere, which is limited by safety and corrosion issues from the metallic lithium anode and has thus greatly impeded the application of FLAB. Now, inspired by the protection effect of the umbrella, a stable hydrophobic composite polymer electrolyte (SHCPE) film with high flexibility, hydrophobicity, and stability was fabricated to protect the lithium anode. The SHCPE mitigated lithium corrosion and improved the capacity, rate performance, and cycle life (from 24 cycles to 95 cycles) of a battery in the ambient air. Based on the protection of SHCPE and the catalysis of MnOOH, the prepared pouch‐type FLAB displayed high flexibility, stable performances, long cycling life (180 cycles), and excellent safety; the battery can bear soaking in water, high temperature, and nail penetration.
Blocking the Hype‐Hypocrisy‐Falsification‐Fakery Pathway is Needed to Safeguard Science
Authors: Hopf Henning , Matlin Stephen A. , Mehta Goverdhan , Krief Alain 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn chemistry and other sciences, hype has become commonplace, compounded by the hypocrisy of those who tolerate or encourage it while disapproving of the consequences. This reduces the credibility and trust upon which all science depends for support. Hype and hypocrisy are but first steps down a slippery slope towards falsification of results and dissemination of fake science. Systemic drivers in the contemporary structure of the science establishment encourage exaggeration and may lure the individual into further steps along the hype‐hypocrisy‐falsification‐fakery continuum. Collective, concerted intervention is required to effectively discourage entry to this dangerous pathway and to restore and protect the probity and reputation of the science system. Chemists must play and active role in this effort.
Asymmetric Hybrid Polyoxometalates: A Platform for Multifunctional Redox‐Active Nanomaterials
Authors: Hampson Elizabeth , Cameron Jamie M. , Amin Sharad , Kyo Joungman , Watts Julie A. , Oshio Hiroki , Newton Graham N. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAccess to asymmetrically functionalized polyoxometalates is a grand challenge as it could lead to new molecular nanomaterials with multiple or modular functionality. Now, a simple one‐pot synthetic approach to the isolation of an asymmetrically functionalized organic–inorganic hybrid Wells–Dawson polyoxometalate in good yield is presented. The cluster bears two organophosphonate moieties with contrasting physical properties: a chelating metal‐binding group, and a long aliphatic chain that facilitates solvent‐dependent self‐assembly into soft nanostructures. The orthogonal properties of the modular system are effectively demonstrated by controlled assembly of POM‐based redox‐active nanoparticles. This simple, high‐yielding synthetic method is a promising new approach to the preparation of multi‐functional hybrid metal oxide clusters, supermolecular systems, and soft‐nanomaterials.
The Application of Fluorine‐Containing Reagents in Structural Proteomics
Authors: Cheng Ming , Guo Chunyang , Gross Michael L. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractStructural proteomics refers to large‐scale mapping of protein structures in order to understand the relationship between protein sequence, structure, and function. Chemical labeling, in combination with mass‐spectrometry (MS) analysis, have emerged as powerful tools to enable a broad range of biological applications in structural proteomics. The key to success is a biocompatible reagent that modifies a protein without affecting its high‐order structure. Fluorine, well‐known to exert profound effects on the physical and chemical properties of reagents, should have an impact on structural proteomics. In this Minireview, we describe several fluorine‐containing reagents that can be applied in structural proteomics. We organize their applications around four MS‐based techniques: a) affinity labeling, b) activity‐based protein profiling (ABPP), c) protein footprinting, and d) protein cross‐linking. Our aim is to provide an overview of the research, development, and application of fluorine‐containing reagents in protein structural studies.
High‐Throughput Bioassays using “Dip‐and‐Go” Multiplexed Electrospray Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Wei Zhenwei , Xie Zhuoer , Kuvelkar Reshma , Shah Vinit , Bateman Kevin , McLaren David G. , Cooks R. Graham 
Published: October 2019

AbstractA multiplexed system based on inductive nanoelectrospray mass spectrometry (nESI‐MS) has been developed for high‐throughput screening (HTS) bioassays. This system combines inductive nESI and field amplification micro‐electrophoresis to achieve a “dip‐and‐go” sample loading and purification strategy that enables nESI‐MS based HTS assays in 96‐well microtiter plates. The combination of inductive nESI and micro‐electrophoresis makes it possible to perform efficient in situ separations and clean‐up of biological samples. The sensitivity of the system is such that quantitative analysis of peptides from 1–10 000 nm can be performed in a biological matrix. A prototype of the automation system has been developed to handle 12 samples (one row of a microtiter plate) at a time. The sample loading and electrophoretic clean‐up of biosamples can be done in parallel within 20 s followed by MS analysis at a rate of 1.3 to 3.5 s per sample. The system was used successfully for the quantitative analysis of BACE1‐catalyzed peptide hydrolysis, a prototypical HTS assay of relevance to drug discovery. IC50 values for this system were in agreement with LC‐MS but recorded in times more than an order of magnitude shorter.
Difluoro(aryl)(perfluoroalkyl)‐λ4‐sulfanes and Selanes: Missing Links of Trichloroisocyanuric Acid/Potassium Fluoride Chemistry
Authors: Brüning Fabian , Pitts Cody Ross , Kalim Jorna , Bornemann Dustin , Ghiazza Clément , de Montmollin Jean , Trapp Nils , Billard Thierry , Togni Antonio 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe TCICA/KF approach to oxidative fluorination of heteroatoms has emerged as a surprisingly simple, safe, and versatile surrogate to classically challenging fluorination reactions. Although polyfluorination (or chlorofluorination) of diaryl disulfides, diaryl diselenides, diaryl ditellurides, aryl iodides, and aryl(perfluoroalkyl)tellanes has been described, the application of this TCICA/KF methodology to aryl(perfluoroalkyl)sulfanes and selanes remains an area of unexplored chemical space. Accordingly, to address the “missing links” in the developing series of chalcogen‐based substrate reactivity, we report mild syntheses of metastable difluoro(aryl)(perfluoroalkyl)‐λ4‐sulfanes and selanes. As only limited examples of these species exist in the current literature (accessible only by using F2 or XeF2/HF), we have carried out detailed structural analyses, primarily using NMR and SC‐XRD data. In addition, we investigate the effect of the perfluoroalkyl chain on the outcome of oxidative fluorination, and, finally, we provide preliminary evidence that difluoro(aryl)(trifluoro‐methyl)‐λ4‐sulfanes may act as fluorinating reagents.