bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ocular coherence tomography‐measured changes over time in anterior chamber angle and diurnal intraocular pressure after laser iridotomy: IMPACT study
Authors: Zhekov Ivailo , Pardhan Shahina , Bourne Rupert RA 
Published: May 2018

AbstractImportanceThe change in the anatomical dimensions over time and the effect on diurnal intraocular pressure (DIOP) following laser peripheral iridotomy is poorly understood.BackgroundTo evaluate change over time in anterior chamber angle anatomy following laser peripheral iridotomy (LPI) in patients with primary angle closure compared to control eyes. Additionally, the effect of LPI on DIOP fluctuation was investigated.DesignLongitudinal, prospective, double‐randomized research study.ParticipantsAdults with suspected angle closure or angle closure diagnosis referred to hospital services in the United Kingdom.MethodsThirty‐nine patients newly diagnosed with bilateral primary angle closure/suspects (PAC/PACS) received LPI to one eye and changes in angle morphology were measured over eight sections with swept source AS‐OCT. The other eye acted as control with intraocular pressure (IOP) measured hourly.Main Outcome MeasuresAngle opening distance (AOD), trabecular–iris angle (TIA), angle recess area (ARA), and trabecular–iris space area (TISA) at 500 and 750 μm from scleral spur.ResultsThere was an increase in all angle parameters following LPI, which was maintained for 6 months (e.g. inferotemporal segment AOD500 0.041 mm (P = 0.008) at 1 week and 0.039 mm (P = 0.003) at 6 months) following LPI. Greatest effect at 6 months post‐LPI was observed opposite the iridotomy site in the inferior/inferotemporal sections (AOD500 0.039 mm, P = 0.003 and AOD750 0.075 mm, P = 0.002). There were no statistically significant differences for the overall DIOP fluctuation values in the treated group at 6 months post‐LPI compared to baseline.Conclusions and RelevanceLPI widened all angle sections with maximum effect observed in the site opposite the iridotomy. Angle changes were maintained up to 6 months after LPI treatment without any statistically significant change in DIOP fluctuation.
Regenerative surgical therapy for peri‐implantitis using deproteinized bovine bone mineral with 10% collagen, enamel matrix derivative and Doxycycline—A prospective 3‐year cohort study
Authors: Mercado Faustino , Hamlet Stephen , Ivanovski Saso 
Published: May 2018

AbstractObjectivesThere is limited evidence regarding the long‐term efficacy of regenerative treatment for peri‐implantitis. The aim of this study was to evaluate a combination therapy of deproteinized bovine bone mineral with 10% collagen (DBBMC), enamel matrix derivative (EMD) and Doxycycline in the regeneration of bone defects associated with peri‐implantitis.MethodsThirty patients diagnosed with peri‐implantitis (BoP/suppuration, probing depth greater than 4 mm, minimum radiographic bone loss of 20%, at least 2 years in function) were enrolled in the study. Clinical measurements included probing depths, recession, radiographic bone fill, gingival inflammation and bleeding on probing/suppuration. Following surgical access and debridement, the implant surfaces were decontaminated with 24% EDTA for 2 min, and the bone defects were filled with a combined mixture of DBBMC, EMD and Doxycycline powder. The defects were covered with connective tissue grafts where necessary. Clinical measurements were recorded after 12, 24 and 36 months.ResultsThe mean probing depth and bone loss at the initial visit was 8.9 mm (±1.9) and 6.92 mm (±1.26), respectively. Both mean probing depth and bone loss reduced significantly from baseline to 3.55 mm (±0.50) and 2.85 mm (±0.73) at 12 months, 3.50 (±0.50) and 2.62 mm (±0.80) at 24 months and 3.50 mm (±0.50) and 2.60 mm (±0.73) at 36 months. 56.6% of the implants were considered successfully treated (according to Successful Treatment Outcome Criterion: PD < 5 mm, no further bone loss >10%, no BoP/suppuration, no recession >0.5 mm for anterior implants and >1.5 mm for posterior implants) after 36 months.ConclusionRegenerative treatment of peri‐implantitis using a combined mixture of DBBMC, EMD and Doxycycline achieved promising results. The benefits of this protocol incorporating EMD should be tested in randomized clinical trials.
Biofilm in voice prosthesis: A prospective cohort study and laboratory tests using sonication and SEM analysis
Authors: Galli J. , Calo L. , Meucci D. , Giuliani M. , Lucidi D. , Paludetti G. , Torelli R. , Sanguinetti M. , Parrilla C. 
Published: May 2018

ObjectiveThe objective of the study was to compare the biofilm growing pattern and its morphological extent on silicone and a teflon‐like material using a sonication process and a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM).DesignA prospective cohort study and a laboratory study.SettingOtolaryngology ‐Head and Neck surgery Department and the Microbiology Institute.ParticipantsThe participants included fifteen laryngectomised patients with phonatory prostheses, which were removed because of device failure, and two different kinds of phonatory prostheses from the laboratory (Provox 2 and ActiValve) that were artificially colonised by Candida albicans.Main outcome measuresTracheo‐oesophageal puncture (TEP) is currently considered the gold standard for post‐laryngectomy voice rehabilitation. “Leakage” represents the most common cause of substitution and is generated by biofilm colonisation of the prosthesis by mixed mycotic and bacterial agents. New biomaterials have been developed that are deemed to be more resistant to the colonisation of micro‐organisms and material deformation.ResultsThe devices showed colonisation by mixed bacterial flora (Staphylococci 13%, Streptococci 9%, and Haemophilus influenzae 5%) and by yeasts (Candida albicans 12%). Moreover, we observed a different distribution of biofilm layers in Provox ActiValve (22.56%) compared to Provox 2 (56.82%) after experimental colonisation by the previously isolated Candida strain.ConclusionResident microbiological species from the upper airways unavoidably colonise the polymer surfaces, and no strategies have been effective except for the manipulation of the chemical‐physical properties of the device's polymer. Our study confirms that Provox ActiValve, which is made with a fluoroplastic material (teflon‐like), is less subject to in vitro colonisation by Candida, and thus showed a higher clinical resistance to biofilm and a longer lifespan. The sonication seems to significantly improve the knowledge of bacterial and mycotic flora in biofilm colonisation. The design of a device for the daily cleaning capable to reach and brush the oesophageal flange of the prosthesis preserving the valve mechanism could represent a practical and simple help in this still unsolved problem.
Pre‐surgical, surgical and post‐surgical experiences of weight loss surgery patients: a closer look at social determinants of health
Authors: Johnson L. P. , Asigbee F. M. , Crowell R. , Negrini A. 
Published: May 2018

SummaryUsing a novel qualitative approach, Photovoice, researchers assessed social, psychological, physical and economic barriers encountered by patients of weight loss surgery. Applying the Photovoice approach and Williams’ theory of narrative reconstruction for qualitative interviewing, the research team set out to investigate the bariatric patient experience from pre‐surgery to hospitalization to post‐surgery. Fifteen participants were given digital cameras and asked to take photographs that represented their weight loss journeys. Photographs and qualitative interviews were used to theorize the role played by comorbidities, social determinants of health, provider communication experiences and understanding of insurance coverage in patient outcomes. Several themes emerged from the interviews and photographs including themes centred around: (i) racial/ethnic standards of beauty; (ii) gender expectations; (iii) comorbidities, depression/disordered eating and obesity discrimination and (iv) financial hardship impacting adherence. Photographs also illuminated the impact of hospital and state‐wide policies on patient lives. Results suggest that Photovoice may be a useful adjunct to standard‐of‐care to help patients identify barriers, and to identify shortcomings in health services. Additional screening tools for gender‐ and income‐related barriers (and concomitant referrals to support services) provide an opportunity to improve patient care and reduce post‐operative readmissions.
Clinical Drug–Drug Interaction Potential of BFE1224, Prodrug of Antifungal Ravuconazole, Using Two Types of Cocktails in Healthy Subjects
Authors: Ishii Yasuyuki , Ito Yuko , Matsuki Shunji , Sanpei Kasumi , Ogawa Osamu , Takeda Kenji , Schuck Edgar L. , Uemura Naoto 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBFE1224, prodrug of ravuconazole, is a novel, once‐daily, oral, triazole antifungal drug, and currently in development for the treatment of onychomycosis. The clinical drug–drug interaction (DDI) potential of BFE1224 with cytochrome P450 (CYP) and transporter was assessed by using two types of cocktails in healthy subjects in separate clinical studies. The CYP and transporter cocktails consisted of caffeine/tolbutamide/omeprazole/dextromethorphan/midazolam used in study 1 and digoxin/rosuvastatin used in study 2. In addition, repaglinide was separately administered to the same subjects in study 2. There were no major effects on the pharmacokinetics of CYP and transporter substrates, except for an approximate threefold increase in midazolam exposure after oral administration of BFE1224. The clinical DDIs of BFE1224 were mild for CYP3A and minor for other major CYPs (CYP1A2/2C8/2C9/2C19/2D6) as well as those of P‐glycoprotein (P‐gp), breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP), organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP) 1B1, and OATP1B3.
Drinking game participation and outcomes in a sample of Australian university students
Authors: George Amanda M. , Zamboanga Byron L. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractIntroduction and AimsMost drinking game (DG) research among university students has been conducted among USA college samples. The extent to which demographics and game type (e.g. team and sculling games) are linked to DG behaviours/consequences among non‐USA students is not well understood. As such, the current study investigated characteristics of DG participation (and associated outcomes) among a sample of Australian university students.MethodsUniversity students (N = 252; aged 18–24 years; 67% female) who had consumed alcohol in the prior year completed an online survey. Measures included demographics, DG behaviours (lifetime, frequency and consumption) and gaming‐specific consequences.ResultsMost of the students reported lifetime DG participation (85%). Among those who played a DG in the prior 6 months (69%), most had experienced a negative gaming‐specific consequence. While team games were the most popular DG played, regression analysis demonstrated that participation in games which encouraged consumption (e.g. sculling) were associated with increased alcohol consumption during play. In addition to being older, playing DGs more frequently, and consuming more alcohol while playing, participation in both consumption and dice games (e.g. 7–11, doubles) predicted more negative gaming‐specific consequences.Discussion and ConclusionsDG participation is common among Australian university students, as it is in other parts of the world. The importance of game type is clear, particularly the risk of consumption games. Findings could help inform interventions to reduce participation in consumption games and identify students who might be especially at‐risk for experiencing negative DG consequences.
Efficacy and safety of MK‐1293 insulin glargine compared with originator insulin glargine (Lantus) in type 1 diabetes: A randomized, open‐label clinical trial
Authors: Home Philip D. , Lam Raymond L. H. , Carofano Wendy L. , Golm Gregory T. , Eldor Roy , Crutchlow Michael F. , Marcos Michael C. , Rosenstock Julio , Hollander Priscilla A. , Gallwitz Baptist 
Published: May 2018

AimTo compare the efficacy and safety of MK‐1293 insulin glargine (Mk‐Gla; 100 U/mL) with originator insulin glargine, Lantus (Sa‐Gla), in people with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).Materials and methodsThis phase 3, randomized, active‐controlled, open‐label, 52‐week study (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02059161) enrolled 508 people with T1DM (HbA1c ≤11.0%; 97 mmol/mol) taking basal and prandial insulin. Participants were randomized 1:1 to once‐daily Mk‐Gla (n = 245) or Sa‐Gla (n = 263). Dose titration of basal insulin was by a pre‐breakfast plasma glucose dosing algorithm. The primary efficacy objective was assessment of the non‐inferiority of HbA1c change from baseline (margin of 0.40% [4.4 mmol/mol]) for Mk‐Gla compared with Sa‐Gla over 24 weeks. The primary safety objective was assessment of anti‐insulin antibody development over 24 weeks.ResultsThe least squares (LS) mean HbA1c change from baseline at week 24 was −0.62 (95% CI −0.79, −0.45)% (−6.8 [−8.7, −4.9] mmol/mol) and −0.66 (−0.82, −0.50)% (−7.2 [−9.0, −5.4] mmol/mol) for Mk‐Gla and Sa‐Gla. The LS mean HbA1c difference was 0.04 (−0.11, 0.19)% (0.4 [−1.2, 2.0] mmol/mol) for Mk‐Gla minus Sa‐Gla, meeting the primary and secondary objective criteria for non‐inferiority and equivalence. Week 24 mean insulin glargine dose for Mk‐Gla and Sa‐Gla was 0.46 and 0.48 U/kg, respectively. Similarity of HbA1c response and basal insulin dose trajectory persisted over the 52 weeks. Safety and tolerability, including anti‐insulin antibody responses, hypoglycaemia, adverse events and body weight, were similar between insulins over the 52‐week study duration.ConclusionsMk‐Gla and Sa‐Gla exhibited similar efficacy and safety over 52 weeks in people with T1DM. ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02059161
In‐vitro antifungal activity of several biorational fungicides against Calonectria pseudonaviculata, the causal agent of Buxus hyrcana blight
Authors: Yoldashkhan Ali , Samavat Samaneh , Zamanizadeh Hamidreza 
Published: May 2018

AbstractIn recent years, the outbreak of box blight disease caused by Calonectria pseudonaviculata in Caspian Hyrcanian forests of Iran makes it necessary to find both efficient and environmentally friendly compounds as possible alternatives to currently available fungicides. Seven biorational compounds were tested for inhibitory activities against mycelial growth and conidial germination of C. pseudonaviculata Cy‐08 under in‐vitro conditions. Potassium sorbate and salicylic acid as organic compounds and copper (II) sulphate and zinc sulphate as inorganic compounds completely inhibited both mycelial growth and conidial germination of Cy‐08 at 25 mM, comparable with the commercial fungicide, tebuconazole. Ammonium phosphate and boric acid were moderately inhibitory at 25 and 50 mM, also showing fungistatic effects at 100 mM. Ammonium sulphate had the weakest antifungal activity at all tested concentrations. The tested compounds altered the pH of the growing medium (with readings ranging from pH 4.2 to 7.85) but there was no correlation between pH of the amended media and inhibition of fungal growth. C. pseudonaviculata grew in both acidic and alkaline conditions, with mycelial growth decreasing at both lower (4‐5) and higher (11‐12) pH values. The antifungal activity of all tested chemicals was pH‐independent. Therefore, it can be concluded that the more active of these compounds may be used as part of an integrated management program for the control of boxwood blight in forest settings.
Bilateral activations in operculo‐insular area show temporal dissociation after peripheral electrical stimulation in healthy adults
Authors: Hautasaari Pekka , Saloranta Harri , Savić Andrej M. , Korniloff Katariina , Kujala Urho M. , Tarkka Ina M. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractInterhemispheric transfer is necessary for sensory integration and coordination of body sides. We studied how somatosensory input from one body side may reach both body sides. First, we investigated with 17 healthy adults in which uni‐ and bilateral brain areas were involved in consecutive stages of automatic sensory processing of non‐nociceptive peripheral stimulation. Somatosensory evoked fields (SEFs) to electrical stimulation were recorded with 306‐channel magnetoencephalography in two conditions. First, SEFs were registered following sensory radial nerve (RN) stimulation to dorsal surface of the right hand and second, following median nerve (MN) stimulation at the right wrist. Cortical activations were located in contralateral postcentral gyrus after MN and RN stimulations and in bilateral operculo‐insular area after RN stimulation. First component occurred earlier after MN than RN stimulation. Middle latency components had similar latencies with stronger activation in contralateral postcentral gyrus after MN than RN stimulation. Interestingly, long latency components located in bilateral operculo‐insular area after RN stimulation showed latency difference between hemispheres, i.e. activation peaked earlier in contralateral than in ipsilateral side. Additional experiments comparing novel intracutaneous nociceptive, RN and MN electrical stimuli confirmed bilateral long latency activation elicited by each stimulus type and highlighted latency differences between hemispheres. Variations in activation of bilateral operculo‐insular areas may corroborate their role in pain network and in multisensory integration. Our findings imply that these areas present a relay station in multisensory stimulus detection.
Vestibulo‐cortical hemispheric dominance: The link between anxiety and the vestibular system?
Authors: Bednarczuk Nadja F. , Casanovas Ortega Marta , Fluri Anne‐Sophie , Arshad Qadeer 
Published: May 2018

AbstractVestibular processing and anxiety networks are functionally intertwined, as demonstrated by reports of reciprocal influences upon each other. Yet whether there is an underlying link between these two systems remains unknown. Previous findings have highlighted the involvement of hemispheric lateralisation in processing of both anxiety and vestibular signals. Accordingly, we explored the interaction between vestibular cortical processing and anxiety by assessing the relationship between anxiety levels and the degree of hemispheric lateralisation of vestibulo‐cortical processing in 64 right‐handed, healthy individuals. Vestibulo‐cortical hemispheric lateralisation was determined by gaging the degree of caloric‐induced nystagmus suppression following modulation of cortical excitability using trans‐cranial direct current stimulation targeted over the posterior parietal cortex, an area implicated in the processing of vestibular signals. The degree of nystagmus suppression yields an objective biomarker, allowing the quantification of the degree of right vestibulo‐cortical hemisphere dominance. Anxiety levels were quantified using the Trait component of the Spielberger State‐Trait Anxiety Questionnaire. Our findings demonstrate that the degree of an individual’s vestibulo‐cortical hemispheric dominance correlates with their anxiety levels. That is, those individuals with greater right hemispheric vestibulo‐cortical dominance exhibited lower levels of anxiety. By extension, our results support the notion that hemispheric lateralisation determines an individual’s emotional processing, thereby linking cortical circuits involved in processing anxiety and vestibular signals, respectively.
Worker Personality: Another Skill Bias beyond Education in the Digital Age
Authors: Bode Eckhardt , Ott Ingrid , Brunow Stephan , Sorgner Alina 
Published: May 2018

AbstractWe present empirical evidence suggesting that technological progress in the digital age will be biased not only with respect to skills acquired through education but additionally with respect to non-cognitive skills (personality). We measure the direction of technological change by estimated future digitalization probabilities of occupations, and non-cognitive skills by the Big Five personality traits from four German worker surveys. Even though we control for education and work experience, we find that workers who are more open to experience, emotionally more stable and less agreeable will tend to be less susceptible to digitalization. We also find that future technological progress may not continue to hollow out the middle class as much as it did in the recent past. These results suggest that education and labor market policies should put more emphasis on children’s and workers’ personalities to strengthen their labor market resilience in the digital age.
Is There a Glass Ceiling over Germany?
Authors: Collischon Matthias 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
This paper analyzes the gender wage gap across the wage distribution using 2010 data from the German Statistical Agency. I investigate East and West Germany and the public sector separately to account for potential heterogeneities in wage gaps. I apply unconditional and conditional quantile regression methods to investigate the differences between highly paid men and women in distributions conditional and unconditional on covariates. The results indicate increasing gender wage gaps in all estimations, suggesting that there is indeed a glass ceiling over Germany even after controlling for a large set of observable characteristics (including occupation and industry). This finding is even more pronounced when also taking bonus payments into account.
Importance of choice of materials and methods in PD‐L1 and TIL assessment in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: De Meulenaere Astrid , Vermassen Tijl , Creytens David , Aspeslagh Sandrine , Deron Philippe , Duprez Frederic , Rottey Sylvie , Van Dorpe Jo A , Ferdinande Liesbeth 
Published: May 2018

AimsA great deal of research is being conducted into PD‐L1 immunohistochemistry (IHC) and tumour‐infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) as predictive or prognostic biomarkers for immunotherapy, although several practical issues exist concerning their assessment. The aim of this research was therefore to assess the importance of choice of materials and methods in PD‐L1 and TILs scoring in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).Methods and resultsIHC for PD‐L1 (SP142 and 22C3 clone) and TILs subtyping was performed on formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded tissue slides (biopsy, resection and/or lymph nodes specimens) of 99 patients with OSCC. A comparative analysis of PD‐L1 and TILs scoring was made between different types of tissue specimens, between different PD‐L1 clones, between TILs and different subsets of TILs and between the quantitative and semiquantitative assessments. PD‐L1 scoring resulted in fair to moderate agreement for 22C3 and SP142 between various tissue specimens, with higher agreement at higher cut‐off values, and in moderate agreement for 22C3 versus SP142. Evaluation by four independent observers proved substantial inter‐rater agreement for both clones with high consistency in their ratings. Moderate agreement was observed for TILs and TILs subsets for the comparison between biopsy and resection. Lastly, strong correlations were found between quantitative and semiquantitative assessment for all PD‐L1 and TILs scores.ConclusionsOur results highlight the challenges associated with the evaluation of PD‐L1 and TILs in OSCC. Further research is warranted to evaluate the use of these biomarkers in order to allow implementation of PD‐L1 and TILs infiltrate as biomarkers in daily clinical practice.