bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Proteomics of Whey and Milk Fat Globule Membrane Proteins of Guanzhong Goat and Holstein Cow Mature Milk
Authors: Sun Yuxue , Wang Cuina , Sun Xiaomeng , Guo Mingruo 
Published: January 2019

AbstractGuanzhong goat and Holstein cow milks are the major milk supply for the Chinese dairy industry. Whey proteins and milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) proteins of both milk were characterized and compared using proteomic techniques. A total of 283, 159, 593, and 349 proteins were identified, respectively, in whey and MFGM for the two species using Liquid Chromatography combined with Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS). Functional categories analyses showed that both goat and cow MFGM proteins had three most abundant proteins of phosphoproteins, membrane‐related and acetylation‐related proteins. Gene ontology (GO) annotation revealed that whey proteins in goat and cow milk exhibited different biological processes and molecular functions while both enriched in extracellular exosome for cellular components. Both goat and cow MFGM proteins showed main biological process of oxidation‐reduction, cellular component of extracellular exosome, and molecular function of poly(A) RNA binding. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses showed that large number of both goat and cow whey proteins were involved in disease, metabolism, and immune pathways with different number and types. The most general pathways for goat and cow MFGM proteins were metabolism pathways and disease pathways, respectively. The results indicated that Guanzhong goat and Holstein cow milk were different in varieties of whey proteins and MFGM proteins and their functions and pathways.Practical ApplicationGuanzhong goat and Holstein cow milks are the major milk sources for the Chinese consumers. However, information about proteomics of whey and MFGM proteins of Guanzhong goat and Holstein cow milk is limited. Our study characterized and compared both whey and MFGM proteins using proteomic techniques. The results provide useful information for infant formula and milk protein products in the Chinese dairy industry.
Effects of cpxR on the growth characteristics and antibiotic production of Xenorhabdus nematophila
Authors: Guo Shuqi , Wang Zeyu , Liu Beiling , Gao Jiangtao , Fang Xiangling , Tang Qian , Bilal Muhammad , Wang Yonghong , Zhang Xing 
Published: January 2019

SummaryCpxR is a global response regulator that negatively influences the antimicrobial activities of Xenorhabdus nematophila. Herein, the wildtype and ΔcpxR mutant of X. nematophila were cultured in a 5‐l and 70‐l bioreactor. The kinetic analysis showed that ΔcpxR significantly increased the cell biomass and antibiotic activity. The maximum dry cell weight (DCW) and antibiotic activity of ΔcpxR were 20.77 ± 1.56 g L−1 and 492.0 ± 31.2 U ml−1 and increased by 17.28 and 97.33% compared to the wildtype respectively. Xenocoumacin 1 (Xcn1), a major antimicrobial compound, was increased 3.07‐fold, but nematophin was decreased by 48.7%. In 70‐l bioreactor, DCW was increased by 18.97%, while antibiotic activity and Xcn1 were decreased by 27.71% and 11.0% compared to that in 5‐l bioreactor respectively. Notably, pH had remarkable effects on the cell biomass and antibiotic activity of ΔcpxR, where ΔcpxR was sensitive to alkaline pH conditions. The optimal cell growth and antibiotic activity of ΔcpxR occurred at pH 7.0, while Xcn1 was increased 5.45‐ and 3.87‐fold relative to that at pH 5.5 and 8.5 respectively. These findings confirmed that ΔcpxR considerably increased the biomass of X. nematophila at a late stage of fermentation. In addition, ΔcpxR significantly promoted the biosynthesis of Xcns but decreased the production of nematophin.
Response to Expanding the role of social science in conservation through an engagement with philosophy, methodology and methods
Authors: Mukherjee Nibedita , Rose David C. , Everard Mark , Geneletti Davide , Sutherland William J. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

In a previous series of papers (Sutherland, Dicks, Everard, & Geneletti, ), we summarise the use of a range of social science methods in conservation decision‐making. Moon et al. () claim that the special feature risks narrowing the scope of social science research and suggest that we presented a limited perspective on the field. They thereby criticise the special feature for not doing something that it never intended to do in the first instance. We did not claim that the list of articles covered in the special feature is a comprehensive list (which it obviously is not) and we are unclear why anyone would think it is.

While we consider the Moon et al. () paper to be a useful contribution for conservation scientists as a supplementary paper, it serves less as a critique to the special feature. Moon et al.('s () paper makes very few direct and substantive criticisms of points raised in the special feature. We respond to areas of contention referring specifically to research philosophy, bias, and data reporting.

Moon et al. () criticise the set of papers for perpetuating an objectivist view of the world. We believe that it would be rather disconcerting for the research community if there were no social truths to discover. Rather, social science research methods conducted in specific places can be good ways of exploring how truths vary in different contexts.

We also note that Moon et al. () completely missed the point we were trying to make about psychological biases, which are quite different to the issues associated with researcher bias highlighted by them.

We encourage readers to pay close attention to the use of social science methods in conservation science. We reiterate, however, that the main purpose of the special feature was to ensure that social science methodologies for decision‐making are accessible for all conservation scientists to use, regardless of disciplinary background.
Inhibition of nucleolar stress response by Sirt1: A potential mechanism of acetylation‐independent regulation of p53 accumulation
Authors: Bi Xiaolei , Ye Qing , Li Daoyuan , Peng Qisheng , Wang Zhe , Wu Xiao , Zhang Yun , Zhang Qunye , Jiang Fan 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe mammalian Sirt1 deacetylase is generally thought to be a nuclear protein, but some pilot studies have suggested that Sirt1 may also be involved in orchestrating nucleolar functions. Here, we show that nucleolar stress response is a ubiquitous cellular reaction that can be induced by different types of stress conditions, and Sirt1 is an endogenous suppressor of nucleolar stress response. Using stable isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture approach, we have identified a physical interaction of between Sirt1 and the nucleolar protein nucleophosmin, and this protein–protein interaction appears to be necessary for Sirt1 inhibition on nucleolar stress, whereas the deacetylase activity of Sirt1 is not strictly required. Based on the reported prerequisite role of nucleolar stress response in stress‐induced p53 protein accumulation, we have also provided evidence suggesting that Sirt1‐mediated inhibition on nucleolar stress response may represent a novel mechanism by which Sirt1 can modulate intracellular p53 accumulation independent of lysine deacetylation. This process may represent an alternative mechanism by which Sirt1 regulates functions of the p53 pathway.
Are Some Alcohol Use Disorder Criteria More (or Less) Externalizing than Others? Distinguishing Alcohol Use Symptomatology from General Externalizing Psychopathology
Authors: McDowell Yoanna E. , Vergés Alvaro , Sher Kenneth J. 
Published: January 2019

BackgroundThe externalizing spectrum contains a range of disinhibition‐related conditions, such as conduct disorder, antisocial personality disorder, and substance use disorders. Comorbidity among externalizing disorders is commonly investigated at the syndromal and trait level precluding insight into the relationship of symptoms across externalizing disorders. It is unknown whether comorbidity across externalizing disorders holds constant across highly varied, individual alcohol use disorder (AUD) criteria. AUD criteria range from symptoms reflecting neuroadaptation (e.g., tolerance) to symptoms reflecting behavioral problems (e.g., social problems). The present study aimed to determine the degree to which individual AUD criteria are associated with symptomatology from other externalizing disorders. Characterization of the degree to which AUD criteria reflect neuroadaptation versus behavioral problems can be used to identify symptom profiles, which, in turn, can be used to inform diagnostic and treatment approaches.MethodsData from 2 large nationally representative samples were used to examine associations between AUD criteria and externalizing behavior. Psychometric inquiries via multivariate and factor analytic approaches estimated relative associations of externalizing behavior and AUD criteria endorsement, as compared to alcohol consumption.ResultsOur results indicate differential relations of externalizing behavior and AUD criteria endorsement. For example, social problems and role interference criteria were most strongly associated with externalizing behavior across analytic approaches, with general and unique associations with externalizing behavior. Additionally, tolerance was most weakly associated with externalizing behavior across approaches.ConclusionsResults highlight potential etiological heterogeneity among AUD criteria that could guide future diagnostic refinements and aid in the identification of treatment targets.
Gender Pay Gap, Voluntary Interventions and Recession: The Case of the British Financial Services Sector
Authors: Healy Geraldine , Ahamed M. Mostak 
Published: January 2019

AbstractState institutions and trade unions put pressure on the British financial services sector to reform its gendered practices and reduce its gender pay gap following both the recession and the Equality and Human Rights Commission (EHRC) Inquiry (2009). This article considers the effect of these pressures by comparing the gender pay gap pre‐, during‐ and post‐recession periods. Using Labour Force Survey data, the article finds a marginal pay gap reduction in the post‐recession period, a reduction that was greater in financial services than in the rest of the economy. However, the financial services pay gap remained resilient and substantially higher at the top of the earnings distribution. Union membership and collective bargaining were shown to reduce the pay gap including for women members with children. In contrast, countervailing factors, including ethnicity and post‐recession longer working hours, contributed to the pay gap. The study reveals the limitations of voluntary interventions against a resilient gendered culture.
Population‐based cohort study on health effects of asbestos exposure in Japan
Authors: Zha Ling , Kitamura Yuri , Kitamura Tetsuhisa , Liu Rong , Shima Masayuki , Kurumatani Norio , Nakaya Tomoki , Goji Junko , Sobue Tomotaka 
Published: January 2019

Occupational asbestos exposure occurs in many workplaces and is a well‐known cause of mesothelioma and lung cancer. However, the association between nonoccupational asbestos exposure and those diseases is not clearly described. The aim of this study was to investigate cause‐specific mortality among the residents of Amagasaki, a city in Japan with many asbestos factories, and evaluate the potential excess mortality due to established and suspected asbestos‐related diseases. The study population consisted of 143 929 residents in Amagasaki City before 1975 until 2002, aged 40 years or older on January 1, 2002. Follow‐up was carried out from 2002 to 2015. Standardized mortality ratio (SMR) with its 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated by sex, using the mortality rate of the Japanese population as reference. A total of 38 546 deaths (including 303 from mesothelioma and 2683 from lung cancer) were observed. The SMRs in the long‐term residents’ cohort were as follows: death due to all causes, 1.12 (95% CI, 1.10‐1.13) in men and 1.07 (95% CI, 1.06‐1.09) in women; lung cancer, 1.28 (95% CI, 1.23‐1.34) in men and 1.23 (95% CI, 1.14‐1.32) in women; and mesothelioma, 6.75 (95% CI, 5.83‐7.78) in men and 14.99 (95% CI, 12.34‐18.06) in women. These SMRs were significantly higher than expected. The increased SMR of mesothelioma suggests the impact of occupational asbestos exposure among men and nonoccupational asbestos exposure among women in the long‐term residents’ cohort. In addition, the high level of excess mortality from mesothelioma has persisted, despite the mixture of crocidolite and chrysotile no longer being used for three or four decades.
The Interplay Between Multisensory Associative Learning and IQ in Children
Authors: Barutchu Ayla , Fifer Joanne M. , Shivdasani Mohit N. , Crewther Sheila G. , Paolini Antonio G. 
Published: January 2019

This study assessed the developmental profile of unisensory and multisensory processes, and their contribution to children's intellectual abilities (8‐ and 11‐year olds, N = 38, compared to adults, N = 19) using a simple audiovisual detection task and three incidental associative learning tasks with different sensory signals: visual‐verbal with pseudowords, novel audiovisual, and visual‐visual. The level of immaturity throughout childhood was dependent on both, the sensory signal type and the task. Associative learning was significantly enhanced with verbal sounds, compared to novel audiovisual and unisensory visual learning. Visual‐verbal learning was also the best predictor of children's general intellectual abilities. The results demonstrate a separate developmental trajectory for visual and verbal multisensory processes and independent contributions to the development of cognitive abilities throughout childhood.
Oral health and behaviours of people living with Multiple Sclerosis in Australia
Authors: Sexton Christopher , Lalloo Ratilal , Stormon Nicole , Pateman Kelsey , van der Mei Ingrid , Campbell Janet , Ford Pauline 
Published: January 2019

AbstractObjectivesThe literature describing the oral health of people with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is scant and the findings equivocal. The aim of this study was to describe the oral health and oral self‐care behaviours of people living with MS and compare it to the Australian population.MethodsParticipants enrolled with the Australian MS Longitudinal Study (AMSLS) were invited to participate in the survey using an online or paper‐based questionnaire. Data were collected on level of disability, oral health, oral self‐care and factors influencing attendance for oral health care.ResultsCompleted questionnaires were received for 1523 respondents. Over one‐fifth (n = 320; 22%) rated their oral health as fair or poor, and more than half (n = 840; 57%) reported toothache in the last 12 months. These proportions were higher than those for the general Australian adult population (oral health prevalence ratio (PR) = 1.25 [1.12, 1.40]; toothache PR = 3.63 [3.39, 3.88]), and this is despite comparable or better self‐maintenance habits and dental attendance reported by respondents. People with MS reported high rates of mouth dryness (68.4%), teeth sensitivity (64.7%), change of taste (40.5%) and orofacial pain (39.0%); fewer than 10% experienced none of these. There was a lower prevalence of self‐reported need for treatment (extraction or filling) than in the Australian adult population (15.8% vs 32.9%).ConclusionsPeople with MS have a greater oral health burden, demonstrated by their poorer self‐reported oral health than the Australian adult population. Furthermore, they experience high rates of toothache, mouth dryness, teeth sensitivity, change of taste and orofacial pain. These findings are contrary to their self‐reported good oral self‐care and dental attendance habits and suggest some of the oral health impacts are due to MS rather than dental behaviours.
Diagnosing lanolin contact allergy with lanolin alcohol and Amerchol L101
Authors: Knijp Jannet , Bruynzeel Derk P. , Rustemeyer Thomas 
Published: January 2019

BackgroundThe prevalence of lanolin contact allergy in dermatitis patients varies from 1.2% to 6.9%. Different lanolin derivatives are used in patch testing.ObjectivesTo determine which combination of lanolin derivatives is most effective in patch testing for the diagnosis of lanolin contact allergy.MethodsA retrospective analysis of patients patch tested between 2016 and 2017 was performed. Patients were eligible if they had been tested with lanolin alcohol 30% pet., Amerchol L101 50% pet., and a supplementary series containing other lanolin derivatives. Lanolin alcohol and Amerchol L101 were tested in duplicate.ResultsOf 594 patients, 28.6% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 25.1%‐32.3%) had a positive patch test reaction to at least one lanolin derivative. Reactions to lanolin alcohol (14.7%, 95%CI: 11.3%‐18.2%) and Amerchol L101 (15.0%, 95%CI: 11.5%‐18.5%) were common in the routinely tested series. Reactions to other test preparations were significantly less frequent (P < 0.05). The addition of Amerchol L101 to lanolin alcohol significantly increased the number of positive cases (odds ratio 1.79, P < 0.001).ConclusionsThe combination of lanolin alcohol and Amerchol L101 is effective in patch testing for the diagnosis of lanolin contact allergy. Routinely testing with other lanolin derivatives may not be worthwhile, as it detects only a few additional patients.
Holding steady: Little change in intensity or timing of bird migration over the Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Horton Kyle G. , Van Doren Benjamin M. , La Sorte Frank A. , Cohen Emily B. , Clipp Hannah L. , Buler Jeffrey J. , Fink Daniel , Kelly Jeffrey F. , Farnsworth Andrew 
Published: January 2019

AbstractQuantifying the timing and intensity of migratory movements is imperative for understanding impacts of changing landscapes and climates on migratory bird populations. Billions of birds migrate in the Western Hemisphere, but accurately estimating the population size of one migratory species, let alone hundreds, presents numerous obstacles. Here, we quantify the timing, intensity, and distribution of bird migration through one of the largest migration corridors in the Western Hemisphere, the Gulf of Mexico (the Gulf). We further assess whether there have been changes in migration timing or intensity through the Gulf. To achieve this, we integrate citizen science (eBird) observations with 21 years of weather surveillance radar data (1995–2015). We predicted no change in migration timing and a decline in migration intensity across the time series. We estimate that an average of 2.1 billion birds pass through this region each spring en route to Nearctic breeding grounds. Annually, half of these individuals pass through the region in just 18 days, between April 19 and May 7. The western region of the Gulf showed a mean rate of passage 5.4 times higher than the central and eastern regions. We did not detect an overall change in the annual numbers of migrants (2007–2015) or the annual timing of peak migration (1995–2015). However, we found that the earliest seasonal movements through the region occurred significantly earlier over time (1.6 days decade−1). Additionally, body mass and migration distance explained the magnitude of phenological changes, with the most rapid advances occurring with an assemblage of larger‐bodied shorter‐distance migrants. Our results provide baseline information that can be used to advance our understanding of the developing implications of climate change, urbanization, and energy development for migratory bird populations in North America.
Exercise training increases skeletal muscle strength independent of hypertrophy in older adults aged 75 years and older
Authors: Lee Hojun , Kim In‐Gyu , Sung Changsu , Jeon Tae‐Bong , Cho Kibum , Ha Yong‐Chan , Park Ki‐Soo , Yoo Jun‐Il , Kang Gyeong Hui , Kim Su Jin , Kim Ji‐Seok 
Published: January 2019

AimWe investigated whether exercise‐mediated acquisition of muscle mass and strength would occur in a concurrent manner in older adults.MethodsA total of 152 community‐dwelling older adults (young‐old aged 65–74 years, old‐old aged >75 years) were allocated into either 8‐week comprehensive exercise training or the control group. Participants (n = 136) completed all pre‐ and post‐intervention testing visits (young‐old n = 73, old‐old n = 63). Older adults in exercise groups were subjected to a series of programmed elastic band and free exercises twice per week at three to five sets of 15–20 repetitions. Body composition, skeletal muscle mass, knee strength (extensors and flexors) and gait‐related physical function were evaluated as main variables.ResultsAs expected, muscular mass and knee strength (both extensors and flexors) were inversely correlated with age in the old‐old group (all P < 0.001). However, knee extensor strength was the only lower limb component inversely correlated with age in the young‐old group (P < 0.043). Knee extensor strength was significantly increased by exercise training in both the young‐old and old‐old groups (young old P < 0.042, old‐old P < 0.011). Training‐induced muscle hypertrophy was observed only in the young‐old group (P < 0.025). the correlation of knee extensor strength against gait‐related physical function was the greatest, followed by knee flexor strength and muscle mass.ConclusionsThe present results showed that age‐associated strength decline of the knee extensor occurs earlier compared with the knee flexor during the aging process, and exercise training increases muscular strength without significant changes of muscle mass in older adults aged aged ≥75 years. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2019; 19: 265–270.
Incidence and risk factors for hepatocellular cancer in individuals with haemophilia: A National Inpatient Sample Study
Authors: Thalappillil Alvin , Ragni Margaret V. , Comer Diane M. , Yabes Jonathan G. 
Published: January 2019

IntroductionAmong haemophilic (H) men, hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the leading cause of liver disease and mortality, but demographics and risks of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in H are not well known.MethodsAdult discharges in H and non‐haemophilic (NH) men, with and without HCC were identified in the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) between 1998 and 2014, using ICD‐9 codes. Analyses included NIS‐provided discharge‐level weights to reflect national estimates. Categorical variables were assessed by Rao‐Scott chi‐square and continuous variables by weighted simple linear regression. HCC predictors were determined by weighted multivariable logistic regression.ResultsOf 18 098 H, 144 (0.79%) had HCC between 1998 and 2014. Adjusted rates of HCC increased 3.0‐fold in H vs 1.7‐fold in NH (P = 0.484). Among HCV+, HCC rates adjusted for HIV, increased 2.2‐fold in H vs 1.7‐fold in NH (P = 0.740), while among HIV+, HCC increased 1.4‐fold in H vs 0.2‐fold in NH (P = 0.448). Among those with HCC, H were older than NH (P < 0.001), Caucasian (P = 0.006), platelet transfusion recipients (P < 0.001), with greater comorbidity (P < 0.001) and mortality (P < 0.006). H with HCC also had greater rates of HCV and HIV (each P < 0.001), lower rates of alcoholism and hyperlipidemia (each P < 0.001), and similar rates of HBV (P = 0.866), smoking (P = 0.507) and obesity (P = 0.502). In multivariable logistic regression, HCV was a strong predictor for HCC in haemophilia, (OR: 15.42, 95% CI: 8.75‐27.16).DiscussionHaemophilic men have increasing rates of HCC, similar to men without haemophilia. HCV is the major predictor of HCC in haemophilia. Future trends in HCC will depend on the impact of newer HCV antiviral therapy.