bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CT‐guided transthoracic needle biopsy for evaluation of PD‐L1 expression: Comparison of 22C3 and SP263 assays
Authors: Beck Kyongmin S. , Kim Seung Joon , Kang Jin Hyoung , Han Dae Hee , Jung Jung Im , Lee Kyo Young 
Published: June 2019

BackgroundAlthough there have been several studies on concordance of different assays testing programmed cell death ligand‐1 (PD‐L1) expression using surgical specimens, studies using real‐world biopsy specimens are scarce. However, many of the non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cases requiring immunotherapy and thus PD‐L1 testing are unresectable having to rely on small biopsy results. Therefore, we sought to assess the concordance of two diagnostic assays (22C3 and SP263) in evaluating PD‐L1 expression using specimens from CT‐guided transthoracic needle biopsy (TNB) specimens in a routine clinical setting.MethodsA total of 202 NSCLC cases that underwent CT‐guided TNB from April 2017 to February 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. Biopsy specimens tested with both 22C3 and SP263 assays were included. Concordance of PD‐L1 expression levels determined by two assays was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficient, and the agreement of dichotomized values at various cutoffs (1%, 25%, and 50%) were assessed using Cohen's κ coefficient of agreement.ResultsA total of 80 patients (M:F = 47:33, mean age: 68.0 years) were included in the study. Concordance of PD‐L1 expression levels was high (intraclass coefficient: 0.892) between 22C3 and SP263 assays. Agreements at cutoff levels of 1%, 25%, and 50% were also good, with κ values of 0.878, 0.698, and 0.790, respectively. Positive percent agreement was 93.2%, 100.0%, and 95.2% for agreements at 1%, 25%, and 50%.ConclusionThere is a high concordance of PD‐L1 expression evaluated with 22C3 and SP263 assays using CT‐guided TNB specimens.
Persistent near real‐time passive acoustic monitoring for baleen whales from a moored buoy: System description and evaluation
Authors: Baumgartner Mark F. , Bonnell Julianne , Van Parijs Sofie M. , Corkeron Peter J. , Hotchkin Cara , Ball Keenan , Pelletier Léo‐Paul , Partan Jim , Peters Don , Kemp John , Pietro Jeff , Newhall Kris , Stokes Andrew , Cole Tim V. N. , Quintana Ester , Kraus Scott D. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Managing interactions between human activities and marine mammals often relies on an understanding of the real‐time distribution or occurrence of animals. Visual surveys typically cannot provide persistent monitoring because of expense and weather limitations, and while passive acoustic recorders can monitor continuously, the data they collect are often not accessible until the recorder is recovered.

We have developed a moored passive acoustic monitoring system that provides near real‐time occurrence estimates for humpback, sei, fin and North Atlantic right whales from a single site for a year, and makes those occurrence estimates available via a publicly accessible website, email and text messages, a smartphone/tablet app and the U.S. Coast Guard's maritime domain awareness software. We evaluated this system using a buoy deployed off the coast of Massachusetts during 2015–2016 and redeployed again during 2016–2017. Near real‐time estimates of whale occurrence were compared to simultaneously collected archived audio as well as whale sightings collected near the buoy by aerial surveys.

False detection rates for right, humpback and sei whales were 0% and nearly 0% for fin whales, whereas missed detection rates at daily time scales were modest (12%–42%). Missed detections were significantly associated with low calling rates for all species. We observed strong associations between right whale visual sightings and near real‐time acoustic detections over a monitoring range 30–40 km and temporal scales of 24–48 hr, suggesting that silent animals were not especially problematic for estimating occurrence of right whales in the study area. There was no association between acoustic detections and visual sightings of humpback whales.

The moored buoy has been used to reduce the risk of ship strikes for right whales in a U.S. Coast Guard gunnery range, and can be applied to other mitigation applications.
Technical feasibility of umbilical cannulation in midgestation lambs supported by the EXTra‐uterine Environment for Neonatal Development (EXTEND)
Authors: Hornick Matthew A. , Mejaddam Ali Y. , McGovern Patrick E. , Hwang Grace , Han Jiancheng , Peranteau William H. , Partridge Emily A. , Davey Marcus G. , Flake Alan W. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractEXTEND (EXTra‐uterine Environment for Neonatal Development) is a novel system for supporting extremely premature infants that replicates in utero conditions by maintaining a sterile fluid environment and providing gas exchange via a pumpless arteriovenous oxygenator circuit connected to the umbilical vessels. Target gestational age (GA) for EXTEND support in human infants is 23‐27 weeks, when immature lungs are most susceptible to injury in the setting of air ventilation. We previously demonstrated physiologic support of premature lambs cannulated at 105‐117 days GA (lungs developmentally analogous to the 23‐27 week GA human infant) for up to 28 days on EXTEND. In the present study, we sought to determine the technical feasibility of umbilical vessel cannulation in 85‐96 days GA lambs delivered to EXTEND at weights equivalent to the 23‐27 week GA human infant (500‐850 g). Five preterm lambs were cannulated at 85‐96 days GA (term 145 days) and supported on EXTEND for 4‐7 days. All lambs underwent umbilical artery and umbilical vein cannulation. Circuit flows and pressures were monitored continuously, and blood gases were obtained at regular intervals for assessment of oxygen parameters. Systemic pH and lactate were measured at least once daily. Mean body weight at cannulation was 641 ± 71 g (range 480‐850 g). All lambs were cannulated successfully (cannula size varied from 8 to 12 Fr), and mean survival on EXTEND was 140 ± 7 hours. Mean circuit flow was 213 ± 15 mL/kg*min, mean pH was 7.37 ± 0.01, and mean lactate was 1.6 ± 0.2 mmol/L. During the initial 120 hours after EXTEND cannulation, there were no significant differences between 85‐96 days GA lambs and 105‐117 days GA lambs in weight‐adjusted circuit flows, oxygen delivery, pH, or lactate levels. This study demonstrates successful umbilical cord cannulation and adequate circuit flows and oxygen delivery in midgestation lambs size‐matched to the 23‐27 week GA human fetus, which represents an important step in the translation of EXTEND to clinical practice.
Hypothermic oxygenated machine perfusion alleviates liver injury in donation after circulatory death through activating autophagy in mice
Authors: Zeng Xianpeng , Wang Shengjie , Li Shiyi , Yang Yunying , Fang Zehong , Huang Honglei , Wang Yanfeng , Fan Xiaoli , Ye Qifa 
Published: June 2019

AbstractHypothermic oxygenated machine perfusion (HOPE) is a safe and reliable method that could alleviate liver injury in donation after circulatory death (DCD). This study focuses on the role of autophagy in HOPE’s protective effect on DCD liver injury. A 30‐minute warm ischemic liver model was established in mice. After 4 hours of cold storage (CS), 1 hour of hypothermic machine perfusion (HMP) with 100% O2 or 100% N2 was employed. During 2 hours of reperfusion, liver tissue and perfusate were collected to evaluate liver function, oxidative stress level, apoptosis, and necrosis. Western blotting was used to explore the level of autophagy. When the liver experienced warm ischemic injury, LC3B‐II expression was significantly enhanced. Compared with the CS, HOPE induced lower release of AST and ALT, as well as lower oxidative stress levels, apoptosis, and necrosis cell numbers, and led to higher tissue ATP content. Meanwhile, expression of autophagy‐related proteins, such as ULK1, Atg5, and LC3B‐II, increased. When oxygen was completely replaced by nitrogen, the washout effect of HMP did not activate autophagy and did not relieve DCD liver injury. When the autophagy inhibitor 3‐methyladenine was used in HOPE, the protective effect of HOPE was attenuated. In conclusion, DCD liver injury activated autophagy compared with healthy liver, while HOPE alleviated DCD liver injury by increasing autophagy levels further in this mouse model. However, HMP with 100% of N2 had no beneficial effect on DCD liver injury or on autophagy levels compared with CS. The research on autophagy may provide a new strategy for alleviating DCD liver injury in clinical practice.
Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging and follow‐up to avoid prostate biopsy in 4259 men
Authors: Venderink Wulphert , van Luijtelaar Annemarijke , van der Leest Marloes , Barentsz Jelle O. , Jenniskens Sjoerd F.M. , Sedelaar Michiel J.P. , Hulsbergen‐van de Kaa Christina , Overduin Christiaan G. , Fütterer Jurgen J. 
Published: June 2019

ObjectiveTo determine the proportion of men avoiding biopsy because of negative multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) findings in a prostate MRI expert centre, and to assess the number of clinically significant prostate cancers (csPCa) detected during follow‐up.Patients and methodsRetrospective study of 4259 consecutive men having mpMRI of the prostate between January 2012 and December 2017, with either a history of previous negative transrectal ultrasonography‐guided biopsy or biopsy naïve. Patients underwent mpMRI in a referral centre. Lesions were classified according to Prostate Imaging Reporting And Data System (PI‐RADS) versions 1 and 2. Negative mpMRI was defined as an index lesion PI‐RADS ≤2. Follow‐up until 13 October 2018 was collected by searching the Dutch Pathology Registry (PALGA). Gleason score ≥3 + 4 was considered csPCa. Kaplan–Meier analysis and univariable logistic regression models were used in the cohort of patients with negative mpMRI and follow‐up.ResultsOverall, in 53.6% (2281/4259) of patients had a lesion classified as PI‐RADS ≤2. In 320 patients with PI‐RADS 1 or 2, follow‐up mpMRI was obtained after a median (interquartile range) of 57 (41–63) months. In those patients, csPCa diagnosis‐free survival (DFS) was 99.6% after 3 years. Univariable logistic regression analysis revealed age as a predictor for csPCa during follow‐up (P < 0.05). In biopsied patients, csPCa was detected in 15.8% (19/120), 43.2% (228/528) and 74.5% (483/648) with PI‐RADS 3, 4 and 5, respectively.ConclusionMore than half of patients having mpMRI of the prostate avoided biopsy. In those patients, csPCa DFS was 99.6% after 3 years.
The Unrested Adolescent Brain
Authors: Galván Adriana 
Published: June 2019

AbstractMounting scientific evidence illustrates the detrimental effects of sleep loss on the brain and behavioral functioning. Given the ongoing development of the brain from the onset of puberty into the early 20s, these behavioral and neural effects are particularly concerning for adolescents. In this review, I summarize what we know about the relation among sleep disruption, changes in sleep biology across puberty, and the developing adolescent brain. Although examinations of sleep and the developing brain have been promising, significant gaps in knowledge remain regarding populations sampled and methodological challenges. The field will also benefit from better communication among sleep researchers and developmental neuroscientists to translate the results of studies on the brain into meaningful outcomes.
Cutaneous pseudolymphoma—A review on the spectrum and a proposal for a new classification
Authors: Mitteldorf Christina , Kempf Werner 
Published: June 2019

AbstractCutaneous pseudolymphomas (PSLs) belong to a group of lymphocytic infiltrates that histopathologically and/or clinically simulate lymphomas. Different causative agents (e.g., Borrelia sp., injected substances, tattoo, arthropod bite) have been described, but in many cases no cause can be identified, hence the term idiopathic PSL. Clinicopathological correlation is important to make the diagnosis. Four main groups of cutaneous PSL can be distinguished based on histopathologic and/or clinical presentation: (a) nodular PSL; (b) pseudo‐mycosis fungoides (pseudo‐MF) and simulators of other CTCLs; (c) other PSL (representing distinct clinical entities); and (d) intravascular PSL. This article gives an overview of the histopathologic and clinical characteristics of cutaneous PSLs and proposes a new classification.
Many unreported crop pests and pathogens are probably already present
Authors: Bebber Daniel P. , Field Elsa , Gui Heng , Mortimer Peter , Holmes Timothy , Gurr Sarah J. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractInvasive species threaten global biodiversity, food security and ecosystem function. Such incursions present challenges to agriculture where invasive species cause significant crop damage and require major economic investment to control production losses. Pest risk analysis (PRA) is key to prioritize agricultural biosecurity efforts, but is hampered by incomplete knowledge of current crop pest and pathogen distributions. Here, we develop predictive models of current pest distributions and test these models using new observations at subnational resolution. We apply generalized linear models (GLM) to estimate presence probabilities for 1,739 crop pests in the CABI pest distribution database. We test model predictions for 100 unobserved pest occurrences in the People's Republic of China (PRC), against observations of these pests abstracted from the Chinese literature. This resource has hitherto been omitted from databases on global pest distributions. Finally, we predict occurrences of all unobserved pests globally. Presence probability increases with host presence, presence in neighbouring regions, per capita GDP and global prevalence. Presence probability decreases with mean distance from coast and known host number per pest. The models are good predictors of pest presence in provinces of the PRC, with area under the ROC curve (AUC) values of 0.75–0.76. Large numbers of currently unobserved, but probably present pests (defined here as unreported pests with a predicted presence probability >0.75), are predicted in China, India, southern Brazil and some countries of the former USSR. We show that GLMs can predict presences of pseudoabsent pests at subnational resolution. The Chinese literature has been largely inaccessible to Western academia but contains important information that can support PRA. Prior studies have often assumed that unreported pests in a global distribution database represent a true absence. Our analysis provides a method for quantifying pseudoabsences to enable improved PRA and species distribution modelling.
Impact of warm‐season grass management on feedstock production on marginal farmland in Central Illinois
Authors: Zumpf Colleen , Lee Moon‐Sub , Thapa Santanu , Guo Jia , Mitchell Rob , Volenec Jeffrey J. , Lee DoKyoung 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe production of dedicated energy crops on marginally productive cropland is projected to play an important role in reaching the US Billion Ton goal. This study aimed to evaluate warm‐season grasses for biomass production potential under different harvest timings (summer [H1], after killing frost [H2], or alternating between two [H3]) and nitrogen (N) fertilizer rates (0, 56, and 112 kg N/ha) on a wet marginal land across multiple production years. Six feedstocks were evaluated including Miscanthus x giganteus, two switchgrass cultivars (Panicum virgatum L.), prairie cordgrass (Spartina pectinata Link), and two polycultures including a mixture of big bluestem (Andropogon gerardii Vitman), indiangrass (Sorghastrum nutans), and sideoats grama (Bouteloua curtipendula [Michx.] Torr.), and a mixture of big bluestem and prairie cordgrass. Across four production years, harvest timing and feedstock type played an important role in biomass production. Miscanthus x giganteus produced the greatest biomass (18.7 Mg/ha), followed by the switchgrass cultivar “Liberty” (14.7 Mg/ha). Harvest in H1 tended to increase yield irrespective of feedstock; the exception being M. x giganteus that had significantly lower biomass when harvested in H1 when compared to H2 and H3. The advantage H1 harvest had over H2 for all feedstocks declined over time, suggesting H2 or H3 would provide greater and more sustainable biomass production for the observed feedstocks. The N application rate played an important role mainly for M. x giganteus where 112 kg N/ha yielded more biomass than no N. Other feedstocks occasionally showed a slight, but statistically insignificant increase in biomass yield with increasing N rate. This study showed the potential of producing feedstocks for bioenergy on wet marginal land; however, more research on tissue and soil nutrient dynamics under different N rates and harvest regimes will be important in understanding stand longevity for feedstocks grown under these conditions.
The experience of hope in families of children and adolescents living with chronic illness: A thematic synthesis of qualitative studies
Authors: Leite Ana Carolina Andrade Biaggi , Garcia‐Vivar Cristina , Neris Rhyquelle Rhibna , Alvarenga Willyane de Andrade , Nascimento Lucila Castanheira 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAimTo synthesize qualitative studies on the experience of hope in families of children and adolescents living with chronic illness.BackgroundHope is multidimensional, dynamic, and varies according to experienced events, cultural environments and stage of life. The qualitative synthesis of the experience of hope in the paediatric population with chronic conditions is scarce.DesignThematic synthesis of qualitative studies.Data sourcesA systematic literature search in PubMed, CINAHL, LILACS, PsycINFO, Scopus, and Web of Science was performed supplemented by manual search strategies. Thirty‐one studies from fifteen countries, published between 1981‐2018, were included.FindingsFindings were integrated into an analytical theme “FAMILY HOPE: KEEPING THE DAY‐TO‐DAY BALANCE”, encompassing the following five descriptive themes: Uncertainty; Support; Information; Between “dark thoughts” and positive thoughts; and Hoping to go back to normality.ConclusionThis thematic synthesis brings a new dimension of hope among families of children and adolescents living with chronic illness. “Family Hope” highlights the influence of the relationships between relatives and the chronically ill child in the balance of hope. It is recommended that health professionals use a family‐focused approach to support these families.ImpactShifting the focus to a family dimension of hope is a promising pursuit that has the potential to inform future nursing practices to support the experiences of families living with chronic illness in the paediatric context. A better understanding of the role and characteristics of family hope will promote the development of more effective interventions for families to adapt to long‐term paediatric conditions.
A review of prospective registration of trials published in nursing science journals in 2017
Authors: Gray Richard , Gray George , Brown Ellie 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAimTo determine the proportion of trials published in nursing science journals in 2017 that were prospectively registered.DesignA review of randomized controlled trials published in a Journal Citation Report nursing science journal in 2017.Data sourceTable of contents of included journals.Review methodsRandomized controlled trials were identified by manually reviewing the title of all papers published in included journals. Included trials were classified as: (a) Prospectively registered; (b) Retrospectively registered; (c) Registered but registration not reported in the manuscript; (d) Indeterminate registration; and (e) Not registered. Additionally, we recorded if the trial registration number was reported in the manuscript abstract.ResultsOf 151 randomized controlled trials published in nursing science journals in 2017, 17 (11%) were prospectively registered. Thirty‐six (24%) trials were retrospectively and 93 (62%) not registered. We could not determine the registration status of five (3%) trials. The registration number was included in the abstract of two prospectively and eight retrospectively registered studies. Compared with the rest of the world, trial registration rates were significantly lower in Asian countries.ConclusionTwo included trials were prospectively registered and reported a registration number in the abstract. Compared with other disciplines, rates of prospective trial registration are low. Nurse trialists must ensure that they prospectively register all trials.ImpactWe intended to replicate this review in subsequent years with a view to reporting improvements in prospective registration rates over time.
Pain and pain management during induced abortions: A web‐based exploratory study of recollections from previous patients
Authors: Georgsson Susanne , Carlsson Tommy 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAimsTo explore recollections of pain and pain management during induced abortions.DesignMixed‐methods exploratory study in Sweden.MethodsA web‐based survey was distributed between October 2017 ‐ July 2018 via Swedish discussion boards and social media. Open‐ended questions were asked about recollection of pain and pain management, followed by self‐reported ratings. The survey was answered by 185 participants, responses were analysed with qualitative content analysis.FindingsRecollections of pain intensity illustrated considerable pain and a traumatic event, described in temporal aspects and likened to other painful conditions such as dysmenorrhoea and childbirth. Recollections of pain management illustrated experiences of insufficient treatment of pain and dissatisfaction with pain management, including inefficient treatment and lack of professional attendance. Psychological aspects and consequences illustrated that participants related psychological distress to physical pain, felt unprepared for the physical pain and emphasized the importance of psychological support. Those who experienced intense pain described long‐term psychological consequences, including fear of childbirth.ConclusionPhysical pain and psychological distress can manifest as considerable challenges during induced abortion. Abortion‐related pain is a multidimensional phenomenon involving physical and psychological components that needs to be rigorously treated. When physical pain is unsuccessfully treated, women may experience long‐term psychological consequences after an abortion.ImpactThe results illustrate the importance of holistic abortion care where the multidimensional components of abortion‐related pain are considered. Patients need to be offered sufficient preparatory information about potential physical pain and psychological distress. This study indicates that there is room for improvement in pain management. Larger studies are needed.