bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intraarticular ACP therapy for severe osteoarthritis
Authors: Borsky Michael 
Published: June 2019

Aims and Objectives: Knee osteoarthritis is a major problem in the European population from a medical as well as from an economical point of view. Surgical treatment implicates a long absence from work. Alternative treatments postponing major surgery to the age of retirement from work would be beneficial. The aim of the study is to evaluate the therapeutic value of intraarticular ACP for this purpose. Materials and Methods: Patients with severe knee osteoarthritis qualifying for knee replacement but not yet ready for major surgery are treated by four intraarticular injections of ACP (double syringe system, Arthrex). Injections are performed once a week. Lequesne and VAS score before and four weeks after treatment are evaluated. Two years after treatment patients are contacted via telephone. Those not having had a knee replacement or other major surgery in the meantime and not requiring pain killers in daily living are considered as mid term success. Results: As far 164 patients were treated, 69 men and 95 women aged 64.0 +/- 10.8 years. 23 (14.0%) showed no effect. Lequesne score was 11.6 +/- 3.4 before and 3.9 +/- 2.7 (p<0.001) after treatment. Regarding the Lequesne classes 105 patients were classified to the extremely severe and severe group before treatment whereas after treatment 149 patients were classified as mild or moderate (p<0.001). Consequently, the VAS score dropped from 6.4 +/- 1.9 before to 2.2 +/- 1.5 after treatment (p<0.001). Two years after treatment 139 patients were contacted (no one lost for follow up). 93(66.9%) of them being classified as mid term success (no knee replacement, no necessity of pain killers). Conclusion: Intraarticular ACP therapy shows excellent short term results reducing significantly the Lequesne score and class as well as the VAS pain score. Furthermore the majority of the patients does not require major surgery for another two years, thus often postponing the time of surgery to the age of retirement and avoiding higher costs from incapacity to work.
Influence of friction on knee internal rotation in patients with knee arthroplasties during activities of daily living
Authors: Komnik Igor , David Sina , Haberrer Christine , Weiss Stefan , Potthast Wolfgang 
Published: June 2019

Aims and Objectives: In recent decades, knee arthroplasty (KA) succeeded to improve patients’ clinical scores and gait patterns [1]. However, to date, studies primary focused on biomechanical analysis of level walking with total knee arthroplasty (TKA) patients. The investigation of neuromuscular more challenging activities of daily living (ADL) like stair climbing and especially ramp negotiation was partly neglected [2]. Furthermore, non-sagittal plane parameters have mostly not been considered, whereby the evaluation of e.g. transverse plane kinematics and kinetics may reveal potential differences between various endoprosthetic designs. Additionally, frictional forces transmit appreciable shear between the femoral component and the tibial polyethylene insert, potentially contributing to axial knee rotational constraints and implant loosening [3]. The aim of this study was to investigate transverse plane kinematics and kinetics in connection with the force of friction (FOF) during ADL in patients after TKA and unicondylar knee arthroplasty (UKA) surgery. Materials and Methods: - Motion analysis was performed using a ten-camera 3D- motion capture system (100 Hz, Vicon). - Ground reaction forces were measured utilizing in a total five force plates (1000 Hz, Kistler) - Kinematics and inverse dynamics were calculated with AnyBody Modeling SystemTM (AnyBody Technology). - FOF was estimated of the two articulating artificial surfaces (#CHR: mu_LOWER# =0.12) compared with the cartilage on cartilage friction (#CHR: mu_LOWER# =0.01). The Coulomb model of friction was applied to calculate FOF (Ff=Fn* #CHR: mu_LOWER#). - Completed ADL: level and decline walking, stair descent. - Participants: TKA (n=11), UKA (n=13), controls (CG, n=13). - Statistics: Statistical non-Parametric Mapping (SnPM). Results: No statistically significant differences were detected between the TKA and UKA group, regardless of the locomotion task. Each motor task revealed impaired knee internal rotation angles in the TKA group compared with the CG (Fig. 1, a-c). Fig. 1 (d) clarifies the determining role of the coefficient of friction regarding FOF which showed the highest values during stair ascent and decline walking in all groups. Interestingly, the mentioned tasks exposed lower knee internal moment time series compared with level walking. Lower internal rotation moments might contribute in connection with high friction to the constraint knee internal rotation motion, particularly during ADL including greater normal force values, such as stair climbing and ramp negotiation. Conclusion: Apart from implant congruency in the TKA group, FOF could represent a mechanical resistance, which contributes to the impaired knee motion in the transverse plane. References Smith A, et al., J Orthop Res. 22:260-266, 2004. Komnik I, et al., Gait Posture. 41:370-377, 2015. Wolterbeek N, et al., Gait Posture. 36:394-398, 2012
New trochlea - old patella. Do both fit together?
Authors: Balcarek Peter , Zimmermann Felix 
Published: June 2019

Aims and Objectives: Trochlear dysplasia has been established as the most common and impactful predisposing factor of lateral patellar dislocation (LPD). In addition, a clear correlation between trochlear dysplasia and the development of cartilage defects and osteoarthritis in the patellofemoral joint has been established. Though current literature increasingly supports trochleoplasty procedures for the treatment of LPD only few data evaluated the actual improvements of the cartilaginous patella-trochlea congruence after deepening trochleoplasty procedure. The aim of this study was therefore to evaluate the patella-trochlea congruence before and after a deepening trochleaplasty and medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction in severe trochlear dysplasia. The hypothesis was that the deepening trochleoplasty and MPFL reconstruction is able to correct patella-trochlea congruence to physiological parameters. Materials and Methods: The study group comprised 20 patients. All patients suffered recurrent LPD due to severe trochlear dysplasia and underwent a deepening ‘Bereiter’ trochleoplasty and MPFL reconstruction. Pre- and postoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) investigations were used to assess the patella-trochlea contact ratio, the posterior patellar edge - trochlea groove ratio, and the lateral patellar inclination angle (patellar tilt). Measurements were obtained using open-source PACS workstation software (OsiriX v. 5.8.5, Pixmeo SARL, CH1233 Bernex, Switzerland). All parameters were compared to a control group of 20 at random selected patients without any medical history related to the patellofemoral joint. A paired two-tailed t-test was used to test for differences between the pre- and postoperative measurements within the study group. A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Bonferoni post-test adjustment was used to test for differences between all measurement series. The level of significance was set at 0.05. Results: Preoperatively, all parameters of the study group were significantly different when compared to the control group. This meant a reduced patella-trochlea contact ratio (0.38 ± 0.13 vs. 0.67 ± 0.09; p<0.001), an increased patellar lateralization (0.81 ± 0.10 vs. 0.98 ± 0.03; p<0.001), and increased patellar tilt (27.1° ± 7.7° vs. 9.4° ± 5.7°; p<0.001). Postoperatively, all parameters showed a significant improvement. The patella-trochlea contact ratio increased to a mean of 0.65 ± 0.11 (p<0.0001), patellar lateralization improved to a mean posterior patellar edge - trochlea groove ratio of 0.94 ± 0.06 (<0.0001), and patellar tilt reduced to a mean of 15.05° ± 4.2° (p< 0.0001). All parameters reached normal values when compared to the control group (all p >0.05). Conclusion: Findings of this study indicate that in severe trochlear dysplasia deepening trochleoplasty and MPFL reconstruction is able to correct patellar alignment und patellar-trochlear congruence to normal values.
Effect of Meniscal Ramp Lesion Repair on Knee Kinematics, ACL In-Situ Forces and Bony Contact Forces – A Biomechanical Study
Authors: Pfeiffer Thomas , Naendrup Jan-Hendrik , Nagai Kanto , Novaretti Joao , Chan Calvin , Debski Richard , Musahl Volker 
Published: June 2019

Aims and Objectives: While recent studies showed that all inside meniscal ramp repair is able to restore knee kinematics, the effects of ramp repairs on ACL in-situ forces and bony contact forces is still unclear. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to determine the effect of ramp lesion repair on knee kinematics, the ACL-ISF and bony contact forces using a 6-degree-of-freedom (DOF) robotic testing system. It was hypothesized that ramp repair will restore kinematics, ACL-ISF and bony contact forces comparably to the forces of the intact knee. Materials and Methods: Nine fresh-frozen human cadaveric knee specimens were tested using a 6-degree-of-freedom robotic testing system (FRS2010) to continuously flex the knee from full extension to 90° and apply continuous loading conditions: 1) 90 N of anterior force, 2) 5 Nm of external rotation torque, 3) 134 N anterior force + 200 N compression force, 4) 4 Nm external rotation torque + 200 N compression force, 5) 4 Nm internal rotation torque + 200 N compression force. Loading conditions were applied to the intact knee, a knee with an arthroscopically induced 25 mm ramp lesion, and a knee with an all-inside repaired ramp lesion. ACL in-situ forces, medial compartment bony contact forces and lateral compartment bony contact forces were quantified. Repeated measure ANOVAs were performed to compare knee states at each flexion angle (p<0.05). Results: In response to all loading conditions, no differences with respect to kinematics, ACL in-situ forces, and bony contact forces between the intact state and the ramp lesion state were detected. However, compared to the intact state, ramp lesion repair significantly reduced anterior translation in flexion angles from full extension to 40° in response to 5 N anterior force (p < 0.05). In addition, a significant decrease in the ACL in-situ forces after ramp repair was detected only for higher flexion angles when 4 Nm external rotation torque combined with 200 N compression force (p < 0.05) and when 4 Nm internal rotation torque combined with 200 N compression force were applied (p < 0.05). Conclusion: In this biomechanical study, ramp lesions did not significantly affect knee biomechanics. Care must be taken to avoid potential overconstraint when performing all-inside ramp lesion repairs. From biomechanical time-zero perspective, it is debatable if stable ramp lesions need to be addressed surgically. As stable ramp lesions do not significantly change knee biomechanics, the indications for ramp lesion repair may be limited.
Patients’ Expectations of osteotomies around the knee
Authors: Grünwald Leonard , Angele Peter , Dickschas Jörg , Schröter Steffen , Saier Tim 
Published: June 2019

Aims and Objectives: This multicentre study was conducted to investigate patients’ expectations on osteotomies around the knee in different health-related domains. It was hypothesized that these expectations are high, yet realistic. Materials and Methods: A total of 264 Patients (age 47y±11) were enrolled from March 2015 until May 2016 in seven specialised departments of orthopaedic surgery in Germany. Data was collected via a standardized questionnaire relating to the expected outcomes of osteotomies around the knee 24 h to 48 h prior to surgery. In addition, KOOS and selfefficacy were assessed. Results: According to the KOOS results all patients suffered from a burden due to their knee impairments; women suffered significantly more than men. All participants had high expectations in all domains concerning the surgical outcome. For patients who had a high work intensity the ability to keep stressful working postures was even more important than for the others (i.e. to kneel, to squat). Furthermore, a lower quality of life was associated with higher importance of improving the ability to walk, to achieve improvements in daily activities and social well-being. Conclusion: Patients’ expectations of osteotomies around the knee are high, and mostly outperform the average results reported in the literature. Detailed patient information giving an overview of the realistic results of osteotomies around the knee seems to be mandatory to prevent patients’ dissatisfaction.
Microtubule glycylation promotes attachment of basal bodies to the cell cortex
Authors: Junker Anthony D. , Soh Adam W. J. , O'Toole Eileen T. , Meehl Janet B. , Guha Mayukh , Winey Mark , Honts Jerry E. , Gaertig Jacek , Pearson Chad G. 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACT
Motile cilia generate directed hydrodynamic flow that is important for the motility of cells and extracellular fluids. To optimize directed hydrodynamic flow, motile cilia are organized and oriented into a polarized array. Basal bodies (BBs) nucleate and position motile cilia at the cell cortex. Cytoplasmic BB-associated microtubules are conserved structures that extend from BBs. By using the ciliate, Tetrahymena thermophila, combined with EM-tomography and light microscopy, we show that BB-appendage microtubules assemble coincidently with new BB assembly and that they are attached to the cell cortex. These BB-appendage microtubules are specifically marked by post translational modifications of tubulin, including glycylation. Mutations that prevent glycylation shorten BB-appendage microtubules and disrupt BB positioning and cortical attachment. Consistent with the attachment of BB-appendage microtubules to the cell cortex to position BBs, mutations that disrupt the cellular cortical cytoskeleton disrupt the cortical attachment and positioning of BBs. In summary, BB-appendage microtubules promote the organization of ciliary arrays through attachment to the cell cortex.
Lessons learned from a public sector community-based distribution program for scaling up DMPA-SC contraceptive services in Nigeria
Authors: Schatzkin Eric , Afolabi Kayode , Adedeji Olanike , Kongnyuy Eugene , Shen Jennifer , Liu Jenny 
Published: June 2019

Background: From August 2016 to December 2017, the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) in Nigeria, through three implementing partners, scaled up the public sector delivery of subcutaneous depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA-SC, brand name Sayana Press) across 10 states. The public sector program featured a proactive community-based distribution (CBD) model, led by community health extension workers (CHEWs) and supported by community health volunteers (CHVs). Methods: We conducted monitoring and evaluation (M&E) alongside program implementation to understand the program’s reach, particularly in terms of clients served, and their proportions of new users of modern contraception and younger women. Key performance indicators (KPIs) were calculated from end-user data digitized from client registers. To evaluate performance trends over time and understand geographic variation, we analyzed quarterly data in Excel and Stata 15, and complemented these analyses with data from interviews conducted periodically with program staff and performance documentation submitted by implementing partners. Results: The program reached 144,505 clients, of whom 88% (n=127,315) were women. Among women reached, 92% (n=116,614) chose DMPA-SC. The program reached a high percentage of new users of modern contraception: 80% (n=93,075) of DMPA-SC clients were new users, as were 80% (n=111,350) of overall clients. However, only 26% (n=36,313) of clients were under 25. From performance reports and interviews with program staff, many involved credited the CBD model with reaching a client base largely comprised of new users of modern contraception. Conclusions: Our analysis of the Nigeria public sector DMPA-SC program suggests that the combination of DMPA-SC and proactive CBD may accelerate contraceptive uptake and reduce unmet need in Nigeria. While some strategies for increasing the cost-efficiency of the CBD emerged, future research on this delivery model should focus on key concerns about the modality’s sustainability.
Default Ambiguity: Credit Default Swaps Create New Systemic Risks in Financial Networks
Authors: Schuldenzucker Steffen , Seuken Sven , Battiston Stefano 
Published: June 2019

We study financial networks and reveal a new kind of systemic risk arising from what we call default ambiguity—that is, a situation where it is impossible to decide which banks are in default. Specifically, we study the clearing problem: given a network of banks interconnected by financial contracts, determine which banks are in default and what percentage of their liabilities they can pay. Prior work has shown that when banks can only enter into debt contracts with each other, this problem always has a unique maximal solution. We first prove that when banks can also enter into credit default swaps (CDSs), the clearing problem may have no solution or multiple conflicting solutions, thus leading to default ambiguity. We then derive sufficient conditions on the network structure to eliminate these issues. Finally, we discuss policy implications for the CDS market. This paper was accepted by Gustavo Manso, finance.
HEGEMONIA E QUESTÃO FEMININA EM ANTONIO GRAMSCI
Authors: Said Ana Maria 
Published: June 2019

No contexto de crise de autoridade, como definia Antonio Gramsci, em que há um avanço da extrema direita em muitos e importantes países do mundo, se instala a questão das minorias, dos preconceitos e das discriminações, da violência sobre elas, como manifestação do comportamento retrógrado e conservador da sociedade individualista e de massas. Para Gramsci, a luta política pela hegemonia no capitalismo contemporâneo é empreendida nasociedade civil, como base para as lutas contra a opressão. É no terreno político-econômico que a superação da condição de subalternidade das minorias se coloca. E a questão feminina está incluída nesse contexto. A reforma intelectual e moral seria a estratégia para que essa superação fosse possível. As mudanças na vida material contemporâneas impulsionam as conquistas femininas e sua afirmação como sujeito histórico, possibilitando uma inserção social e econômica. Mas, como todas as minorias, suas lutas específicas devem estar embasadas pela organização de classes. Gramsci nunca se ocupou especificamente sobre a “questão feminina”. É provável que se possa entender o papel da mulher na sociedade, para Gramsci, ao pensá-la a partir do conceito de “hegemonia” e sua definição de subalternidade e de sua superação. É a análise que pretendemos desenvolver nesse texto.
Towards an Open Access publication workflow for monographs for university presses
Authors: Schrader Antonia , Grossmann Alexander , Reiche Michael , Böhm David 
Published: June 2019

Adraft (second version) of an media-neutral as well as both cost-effective and personnel-efficient publications workflow for Open Access (OA) monograph publishing at university presses is presented. The workflow has been developed as a result of the research project
Open-Access-Hochschulverlagat the Leipzig University of Applied Sciences, Germany. The aim of the project is to develop a sustainable and adoptable workflow to enable universities to publish their publications as OA and printed books simultaneously in a state-of-the-art way and without any restrictions regarding the license, the variety of formats, print run etc.
Up to now, we have defined 18 main processes (in green) with up to 8 sub-processes (in orange) which a university press has to consider when publishing OA books state-of-the-art. These processes have been shown on the poster (it is the second veersion of the workflow draft - the first version was published on25th April 2019).
The arrangement and the arrows between the processes indicate in which order the processes should be ideally organised by the university presses. Since any university may adapt that workflow individually, it includes several possible ways by which an OA book can be published (see process 1 or 3 at the poster). The visualisation of the publication workflow represents only a part of the results of our research project. In addition detailed descriptions for each process have been created, which explain a certain process in depth, e.g. who is responsible for it, what time it takes and what it may cost to complete the process. These detailed descriptions will be published elsewhere.
Combating the Illicit Trafficking of Cultural Property: The Multifaceted Response to a Complex Challenge
Authors: Casertano Letizia 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
In recent years the phenomenon of the illicit trafficking in cultural assets has been addressed by international and European lawmakers as an important phenomenon within the complex criminal networks used for the financing of international terrorism.
The factors that contribute most to its development include in particular the availability of advanced technologies for plundering archaeological sites and e-commerce, which has sped up trade by breaking down space-time barriers, along also with armed conflict, political instability and poverty.
In order to bring about change and put an end to the phenomenon, some significant legislative choices have recently been implemented in the European Union. The aim is to create a regime that is as uniform as possible along with a network of standardised controls capable of intercepting illicit trafficking.
The concerns of art market operators surrounding the introduction of new rules and regulations can be appreciated if it is considered that the vibrant lawful market of artworks operates in accordance with tried and tested arrangements.
This article will seek to provide an account of the phenomenon in its full complexity, highlighting the most significant recent developments within the European Union. It will also discuss the role of information and digital technologies in the area of cultural heritage.
In particular, the existing European legal framework represented by the main legal instruments adopted by the international community and by the European Union will be sketched out, including both civil law and criminal law responses to the illicit trafficking of cultural heritage. Within this context the importance of the issues of traceability within art transactions, which are mostly paper-based, will be investigated along with other related issues such as digital tracking of artworks (digital passports), art security systems and authentication technologies.
A Real Time Price Based Demand-Response Algorithm for Smart Grids
Authors: Ray Pravat Kumar , Nikhil Valiveti Sai Rama 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Real time Demand-Response algorithm is a real time price (RTP) based demand response (DR) algorithm which helps in obtaining optimal control of load devices in a facility. We form a virtual electricity trading process, where energy management center (EMC) calculates the virtual retail prices and allots to each device, from which devices purchases energy. Here EMC acts as the leader and devices in the facility are followers. So the Stackelberg game between one-leader and M-followers is formulated to extract interactions between them, and optimization problems are formed for each player of the game to assist in finding the optimal strategy. We also demonstrated the unique Stackelberg equilibrium of the Stackelberg game which gives the optimal strategy or optimal energy demands for each device. The results of the simulation showed that Stackelberg game based DR algorithm is successful to get the optimal load control of device at all RTP throughout the day.