bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhanced 3 dB AR beamwidth metamaterial antenna for nanosatellite payload communication system
Authors: Alam T. , Islam M.T. , Cho M. 
Published: August 2018

A compact dual‐circular polarised metamaterial inspired antenna is proposed for nanosatellite payload communication. The antenna consists of two‐layered stacked structure with a sandwich rectangular parasitic layer between two layers. Two double negative metamaterial cells. Two unit cells of DNG metamaterial structure are applied inside the pentagonal radiator to enhance 3 dB axial ratio (AR) bandwidth and beamwidth. Two orthogonal feedings are utilised to generate dual‐circular polarisation (CP). The antenna achieves measured 710 MHz (3.06–3.77 GHz) of −10 dB impedance bandwidth with 160 MHz (3.02–3.18 GHz) and 210 MHz (3.05–3.26 GHz) of 3 dB AR bandwidth for port 1 and port 2, respectively. The 3 dB AR beamwidth of 165° for port 1 and 212° for port 2 is exhibited with an average realised gain of 5.15 dB. A 1U nanosatellite structure has been utilised to realise the antenna performance while operation in real‐time environment.
Millimeter-wave spectroscopy and modeling of 1,2-butanediol
Authors: Vigorito A. , Calabrese C. , Melandri S. , Caracciolo A. , Mariotti S. , Giannetti A. , Massardi M. , Maris A. 
Published: August 2018

Context. The continuously enhanced sensitivity of radioastronomical observations allows the detection of increasingly complex organic molecules. These systems often exist in a large number of isomers leading to very congested spectra.
Aims. We explore the conformational space of 1,2-butanediol and provide sets of spectroscopic parameters to facilitate searches for this molecule at millimeter wavelengths.
Methods. We recorded the rotational spectrum of 1,2-butanediol in the 59.6–103.6 GHz frequency region (5.03–2.89 mm) using a free-jet millimeter-wave absorption spectrometer, and we analyzed the properties of 24 isomers with quantum chemical calculations. Selected measured transition lines were then searched on publicly available ALMA Band 3 data on IRAS 16293-2422 B.
Results. We assigned the spectra of six conformers, namely aG′Ag, gG′Aa, g′G′Ag, aG′G′g, aG′Gg, and g′GAa, to yield the rotational constants and centrifugal distortion constants up to the fourth or sixth order. The most intense signal belong to the aG′Ag species, that is the global minimum. Search for the corresponding 30x,30 − 29x,29 transition lines toward IRAS 16293-2422 B was unsuccessful.
Conclusions. Our present data will be helpful for identifying 1,2-butanediol at millimeter wavelengths with radio telescope arrays. Among all possible conformers, first searches should be focused on the aG′Ag conformers in the 400–800 GHz frequency spectral range.
Zervikale Rückenmarkverletzungen bei vorbestehender Spinalkanalstenose
Authors: Schulz Chris , Mathieu René , Mauer Uwe 
Published: August 2018

ZusammenfassungDas Risikopotenzial eines Patienten mit asymptomatischer zSKS eine zRMV zu erleiden, ist nicht relevant erhöht. Gemessen an der perioperativen Morbidität und Mortalität zervikaler Dekompressions- und Fusionseingriffe sind prophylaktische Operationen für diese Subgruppe nicht zu empfehlen. Bei symptomatischen, insbesondere myelopathischen Patienten mit zSKS steigt einerseits die Sturzgefahr (als Folge der ataktischen Gangstörung), und die Prognose eines zRMV mit zSKS ist erwiesenermaßen schlechter als ohne additive zSKS. Somit sollten symptomatische Patienten mit zSKS insbesondere bei Versagen konservativer Maßnahmen und Progredienz der neurologischen Störungen oder auffälligen elektrophysiologischen Befunden eher einer elektiven Dekompression zugeführt werden. Bei milder zRMV (ASIA >D) kann zunächst ein konservativer Therapieversuch unternommen werden. Bei symptomatischer zRMV (ASIA C oder schlechter) und zusätzlicher zSKS geht der Trend eher hin zu dekomprimierenden Operationen, wenn in der Akut- oder frühen Frühphase nicht eindeutig eine rasche Besserung unter konservativer Therapie ersichtlich ist. Die aktuelle systematisch aufgearbeitete Studienlage zur zRMV favorisiert eine frühe OP (innerhalb von 24 h, bei zRMV mit inkompletter Neurologie sogar < 8 – 12 h). Ob dies auch für die Subgruppe von zRMV mit zSKS gilt, kann mit hochwertigen Studien und eindeutiger Evidenz noch nicht belegt werden. Für eine zervikale Dekompressionsoperation mit Duraerweiterungsplastik finden sich derzeit noch nicht genügend positive Hinweise. Zervikale Myelonverletzungen mit zSKS ziehen sehr häufig Begutachtungen nach sich. In Erwartung dessen sollten Anstrengungen unternommen werden, die initialen Befunde und den Verlauf sowie die durchgeführten Therapien möglichst lückenlos zu dokumentieren.
Diarylheptanoids from Curcuma phaeocaulis Suppress IL-6-Induced STAT3 Activation
Authors: Jang Hyun-Jae , Park Eun-Jae , Lee Seung-Jae , Lim Hyung-Jin , Jo Jin , Lee Seung , Rho Mun-Chual 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThree undescribed diarylheptanoids (3–5) and six known curcuminoids (1, 2, and 6–9) were obtained from the ethyl acetate-soluble fraction of an ethanolic extract of Curcuma phaeocaulis. Their chemical structures and absolute configurations were elucidated by high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, circular dichroism spectroscopy, and the modified Mosherʼs method. Previous studies constructed Hep3B cells stably transfected with pSTAT3-Luc plasmid containing STAT3 binding site to discover STAT3 inhibitors from natural products. The STAT3 inhibitory activities of all isolates were measured in transfected Hep3B cells after treatment with IL-6. Compound 5 ((5R)-1,7-Bis(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-methoxy-1-hepten-5-ol), demethoxycurcumin (7), and curcumin (8) exhibited significant inhibitory activity (IC50 values: 11.1, 1.9, and 1.6 µM, respectively). Furthermore, IL-6-induced phosphorylation of STAT3, and the mRNA expression levels of inflammation-related genes such as CRP, IL-1β, ICAM-1, and SOCS3 were significantly reduced by exposure to compound 5. These data suggested that the inhibitory activity of 5 is associated with the suppression of STAT3 phosphorylation. Thus, compound 5 may be a promising candidate for the treatment of cancer or inflammatory diseases related to the IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway.
Pediatric Nonvariceal Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage
Authors: Slowik Voytek , Shin David , Monroe Eric 
Published: August 2018

AbstractGastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) is a relatively rare yet potentially life-threatening event in children. While mesenteric angiography for GIB has grown into a ubiquitous component of adult interventional radiology practice, the pediatric experience is comparatively limited. We herein review the common etiologies and management of GIB in children, with special attention to angiographic technique relevant to pediatric anatomy.
Luxación expuesta de rodilla: ¿Qué hemos aprendido en los últimos 20 años?
Authors: Xabier Carredano G. , Juanjose Valderrama R. , Sergio Arellano G. , Diego Montenegro B. , Pedro Lizama C. , Nazira Bernal B. , Ignacio Valderrama S. , Gonzalo Espinoza E. , Gonzalo Espinoza L. 
Published: August 2018

Introducción La luxación expuesta de rodilla es compleja, de incidencia baja con grandes secuelas funcionales. Existen escasos reportes de series en la literatura relativos a su manejo y resultados.
Objetivo El objetivo de este trabajo fue describir los resultados obtenidos de todos los pacientes con luxación expuesta de rodilla tratados durante las últimas dos décadas en nuestro hospital bajo un mismo estándar de tratamiento.
Método Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo en una serie quirúrgica de 11 pacientes con luxación expuesta de rodilla, tratados entre 1994 y 2015. Todos fueron estudiados y manejados según esquema estandarizado: Angiografía/ angioTC, aseo quirúrgico, fijador externo y reparación neurovascular en casos necesarios. Revisión de registros clínicos e imagenológicos consignando datos demográficos, lesiones concomitantes, número y tipo de cirugías, y complicaciones asociadas. Seguimiento promedio fue de 10,7 años con evaluación mediante encuesta funcionales SF-12/IKDC durante el mes de marzo de 2015.
Resultados Diez pacientes eran hombres, 1 mujeres. Edad promedio al accidente 38,6 años. Mecanismo lesional de alta energía; como referencia la clasificación de Schenck, 1 lesión III-M, 4 tipo IV y los 6 restantes una tipo V. 4 lesiones vasculares (36.4%) y 7 lesiones neurológicas (63.6%). Tratamiento definitivo consistió en 4 reconstrucciones ligamentarias, 2 prótesis, 3 artrodesis y 2 amputaciones supracondíleas. Evaluaciones funcionales dieron como resultados un puntaje promedio de 37 y 48,5 para SF-12 físico y mental respectivamente, y de 44,1 para IKDC.
Conclusión La luxación expuesta de rodilla es una lesión infrecuente, muy compleja, asociada a accidentes de alta energía, con complicaciones severas, lo que determina resultados funcionales relativamente malos. La estandarización permite sistematizar las distintas etapas de atención, racionalizar los recursos disponibles evitando la improvisación en momentos críticos, lo que podría incidir en la obtención de resultados.Nivel de Evidencia IV Serie de casos.
Study of Histomolecular Classification of Glioma-Integrating Histology and Molecular Analysis in the Diagnosis of Brain Tumors
Authors: Devi Shameen , De Padua Michelle , Kalal Iravathy 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Introduction The updated 2016 classification of gliomas incorporates well-established molecular parameters into the classification of diffuse gliomas, taking into account isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) mutation, α-thalassemia/mental retardation syndrome X-linked (ATRX) loss, and 1p/19q co-deletion.
Aim and Objectives To study IDH1 and ATRX mutations in gliomas, 1p/19q co-deletion by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) in oligodendroglioma, and to correlate IDH1, ATRX, and 1p/19q with tumor type and grade.
Material and Methods Total 73 cases of gliomas were diagnosed on histology and graded as astrocytoma (grades 2–4), oligodendroglioma (grades 2–3), and oligoastrocytoma (grades 2–3) by two pathologists independently. IDH mutation and ATRX expression were analyzed using immunohistochemistry in all cases whereas 1p/19q co-deletion was studied using FISH in cases with oligodendroglioma and oligoastrocytoma morphology.
Results Total 48 cases of astrocytoma, 9 cases of oligoastrocytoma, and 16 cases of oligodendroglioma were included. The maximum number of IDH1 mutation cases were seen in diffuse astrocytoma (7/10; 70%) as compared with anaplastic astrocytoma (5/15; 33.33%), glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) (3/23; 13.04%) grade II oligoastrocytoma (3/6; 50%), anaplastic oligoastrocytoma (2/3; 66.67%), and oligodendroglioma grade II (7/10; 70%). ATRX loss was seen in diffuse astrocytoma grade II (6/10; 60%), anaplastic astrocytoma (6/15; 40%), oligoastrocytoma grade II (2/6; 33.33%), and anaplastic oligoastrocytoma (1/3; 33.33%). 1p/19q co-deletion was seen in oligoastrocytoma (2/2; 100%), anaplastic oligoastrocytoma (1/2; 50%), oligodendroglioma (3/4; 75%), and anaplastic oligodendroglioma (1/3; 33.33%). Six of the seven cases with 1p/19q co-deletion also showed IDH1 mutation. One of seven 1p/19q co-deleted cases had loss of expression of ATRX.
Conclusion Incorporation of IDH1 mutation, ATRX loss, and 1p/19q co-deletion molecular studies help in a more accurate diagnosis and classification of gliomas.
Densfrakturen – ventrale Techniken
Authors: Spiegl Ulrich , Jarvers Jan-Sven , Heyde Christoph-Eckhard , Josten Christoph 
Published: August 2018

ZusammenfassungDensfrakturen sind nach Unfällen relativ häufig nachweisbar, insbesondere beim alten Menschen. Während Densfrakturen vom Typ Anderson I und III meist stabil sind und gut auf eine konservative Therapie ansprechen, kommt es bei Typ-II-Frakturen nach Anderson nach konservativer Therapie häufig zu Pseudarthrosen. Dementsprechend werden diese Verletzungen mehrheitlich operativ versorgt. Eine gelenkerhaltende Versorgung ohne permanente oder temporäre C I/II-Fixierung ist nur von ventral möglich und bietet sich insbesondere bei Patienten ohne relevante C I/II-Arthrose an. Klassischerweise erfolgt dies über eine ventrale Zugschraubenosteosynthese mittels 1 oder 2 Schrauben. Bei relevanter C I/II-Arthrose ist eine zusätzliche atlantoaxiale Fixation im Sinne einer 3- oder 4-fach-Verschraubung empfehlenswert. Bei instabilen Anderson-III-Frakturen und kleinem Basisfragment kann alternativ eine ventrale Versorgung mittels Plattenosteosynthese unter Einbezug von HWK III durchgeführt werden.
Youth, language and urban public space
Authors: Aalst Irina van , Nortier Jacomine 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThis paper presents an interdisciplinary study on the interface between young people, their language use, group belonging and urban space. Relevant literature from the fields of sociolinguistics and urban geography is reviewed and integrated, focusing on language, identity and place. The outcomes are based on on-site interviews and focus group meetings that were used to explore and explain the in-depth meanings of our assumption: language is a situated practice. Participants reported to adjust their language use to place ‘automatically’, indicating the awareness of unwritten norms. Furthermore, being in or out of place and adjustment of language use is merely a function of the presence of other people. It is concluded that the space where young people find themselves is crucial for physical and social distance between the self and others and, therefore, the way language is used.
Het gebruik van de Nederlandse plaatsingswerkwoorden ‘zetten’ en ‘leggen’ door Franstalige leerders van het Nederlands
Authors: Heyvaert Pauline 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThis research presents the results of a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the use of the Dutch placement verbs zetten (‘put’) and leggen (‘lay’) by French-speaking learners of Dutch. The experiment consisted of a productive task. The results confirm that the use of Dutch placement verbs is problematic for French-speaking learners, but they also reveal some important tendencies. First, our analysis demonstrates that French-speaking learners tend to underuse these verbs, which can be explained by the fact that placement events in French are often described by means of a neutral verb such as ‘mettre’ (‘put’) as opposed to the more specific verbs in Dutch. Secondly, the learners occasionally also tend to overuse the placement verbs in contexts where such verbs are not allowed, an observation which is seemingly paradoxical to the first one. Thirdly, learners also tend to confuse ‘zetten’ with ‘leggen’ and vice versa.
Project based learning in EFL classes
Authors: Artini Luh Putu , Ratminingsih Ni Made , Padmadewi Ni Nyoman 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
In the contexts where English is taught as a foreign language, especially to beginners, project-based learning is often perceived
as complicated to implement and difficult to assess. This Indonesian research was inspired by the need to address those
misgivings. First, a project-based model for practical learning activities in EFL classes was created using a research and
development design. In this stage, a careful reading to the English as a Foreign Language curriculum for junior high school
students was conducted in an attempt to identify the topics, basic competencies, and indicators of success. Based on the results
of the curriculum analysis, a careful development of project-based learning tasks was carried out. This article first of all
described how the learning materials were developed with reference to the results of curriculum analysis and characteristics of
learners. The developed materials were then sent to expert judges to check for relevance, readability and quality of the
materials. In the next stage, the materials were tried out in three junior high schools in Bali, Indonesia, to further check the
readability and practicability of the product as a teaching and learning innovation. Finally, after a revision to the materials, a
quasi-experiment involving 36 students, was conducted in a school to examine the impact of project-based learning on students’
productive skills in English as well as on their attitudes towards learning the language. The data collection method used during
the quasi experiment included: classroom observation, interviews with teachers and students, and a questionnaire. The overall
impact of the implementation was evaluated using a t-test formula. It was found that project-based learning caused consistent
improvement in the abilities to speak (monologue and dialogue) and to write (on a topic of students’ own choice). In addition, it
was observable that project-based learning has an impact on students’ positive attitudes toward learning the foreign language.
This was indicated by the motivation, enthusiasm, and excitement on the part of the students during the process of planning,
working on a project, as well as on the assessment procedures.
Adolescents’ social background and non-standard writing in online communication
Authors: Hilte Lisa , Vandekerckhove Reinhild , Daelemans Walter 
Published: August 2018

AbstractIn a large corpus (2.9 million tokens) of chat conversations, we studied the impact of Flemish adolescents’ social background on non-standard writing. We found significant correlations between different aspects of social class (level of education, home language and profession of the parents) and all examined deviations from formal written standard Dutch. Clustering several social variables might not only lead to a better operationalization of the complex phenomenon of social class, it certainly allows for discriminating social groups with distinct linguistic practices: lower class teenagers used each of the non-standard features much more often and in some cases in a different way than their upper class peers. Possible explanations concern discrepancies in terms of both linguistic proficiency and linguistic attitudes. Our findings emphasize the importance of including social background as an independent variable in variationist studies on youngsters’ computer-mediated communication.
Grammatical metaphor and grammaticalization
Authors: Taverniers Miriam 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to explore possible connections between ‘grammatical
metaphor’ and ‘grammaticalization’, especially with a view to identifying
synergies and fostering cross-fertilization of insights between SFL and
‘grammaticalization theory’. After a characterization of the concepts of
grammatical metaphor and grammaticalization, it is argued that the two notions
are intricately connected. Their connection is explored at two levels: a
theoretical-conceptual and a descriptive level. At the theoretical-conceptual
level, it is argued that metaphoricity and codification are two sides of the
same coin, providing complementary perspectives on synchronic variation and
diachronic ‘change’, which can be deconstructed if one changes the time depth or
the angle of the perspective. At the descriptive level it is shown that
interpersonal grammatical metaphors can be seen as a breeding ground for
grammaticalization. Aspects of the syntagmatic nature of interpersonal metaphors
are identified as bridging contexts for their grammaticalization into
expressions of epistemic assessment, and two grammaticalization paths are
identified on the basis of interacting vectors of grammaticalization and
metaphoricity, viz. a path into discourse markers and one into epistemic
adverbials.
Interpersonal grammar of Korean
Authors: Shin Gi-Hyun 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThis paper provides an account of interpersonal resources in Korean from the perspective of Systemic Functional Linguistics. The focus is upon the paradigmatic interdependency ofaddressee deference, mood, stanceandpoliteness, and the syntagmatic interaction of their realisations withpolarity, modality, vocationand theparticipant deferencein this language. Specifically, this paper puts two arguments forward. One is that the system offormalityis fundamental in Korean. The system has two choices: formal and informal.moodandaddressee deferencebelong to formal resources, and involve power-oriented language use.stanceandpolitenessare informal resources, and involve solidarity-oriented language use. The other argument is that realisations of interpersonal resources are scattered across ranks in Korean. The paper advocates SFL’s top-down paradigmatic perspective, which enables us to pull resources together in an account that formalises their interdependency while respecting their divergent realisations.
The syntax and semantics of descriptive V-deconstructions
Authors: Tsai Cheng-Yu Edwin 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThis paper tackles the long-standing problem of the phrase structure of the descriptive V-deconstruction in Mandarin, and proposes a variant of the Primary Predication analysis. I argue that the suffix -deis a nominalizing head that turns the verb to which it attaches into a nominal event argument, which is in turn predicated over by the descriptive adjectival phrase, the primary predicate of the construction. This syntactic analysis allows for a straightforward explanation for the presupposition-focus semantics of this construction based on structured event quantification. In addition, it is shown that previous arguments that go against the Primary Predication hypothesis (including the distribution of the A-not-A form and negation, and the scope relation between an IP-level element and the adjectival phrase) either do not constitute counterevidence or are simply irrelevant. Further support for the proposal is provided that draws on a number of syntactic properties of the descriptive V-deconstruction and on the distinction between the descriptive adjectival phrase on the one hand and secondary predicates and adverbial adjuncts on the other hand.
Attitudes to Mandarin Chinese varieties in Singapore
Authors: Cavallaro Francesco , Seilhamer Mark Fifer , Yen Yee Ho , Bee Chin Ng 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
This study aims to shed light on the attitudes of Chinese Singaporeans and Chinese nationals residing in Singapore to varieties of Mandarin Chinese. 64 Singaporean Chinese and Chinese national participants took matched and verbal-guise tests, evaluating recorded speakers of two varieties of Singapore Mandarin (standard and colloquial) and the variety spoken in the PRC on status and solidarity traits. These evaluations were followed by optional questionnaire items intended to probe for additional more insights into the participants’ attitudes and perceptions of one another. Both Singaporean Chinese and Chinese national participants assigned higher status to the PRC’s variety of Mandarin. Attitudes toward the two varieties of Singapore Mandarin, however, varied, with Singaporeans rating the standard variety higher than the colloquial variety on all traits and Chinese nationals favouring the colloquial variety. Interestingly, for all three varieties of Mandarin, solidarity traits were rated higher than status traits by all participants, suggesting that, in Singapore, Mandarin Chinese is now viewed more as a language of solidarity than status.
Expected feedback and successful adaptation to a multinational organization (MNO)
Authors: Ishii Kumi 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThis study examined expected feedback and employee adaptation to a multinational organization (MNO). The survey data were collected from 262 American and Japanese members from Japanese MNOs in the U.S. The results revealed that American employees valued feedback and expected both direct and indirect styles of feedback more than Japanese. Although there was no difference in the expected frequency of direct feedback, American employees expected to receive a higher frequency of indirect feedback than Japanese members. Further, a high frequency of direct feedback contributed to successful adaptation of both American and Japanese members. These findings provide guidance for an increasing number of MNO managers.