bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Demoralization in essential tremor: prevalence, clinical correlates, and dissociation from tremor severity
Authors: Cersonsky Tess E. K. , Kellner Sarah , Morgan Sarah , Cosentino Stephanie , Koo Brian B. , de Figueiredo John M. , Louis Elan D. 
Published: April 2019

Objective.Essential tremor (ET) is associated with psychological difficulties, including anxiety and depression. Demoralization (feelings of helplessness, hopelessness, inability to cope), another manifestation of psychological distress, has yet to be investigated in ET. Our objectives are to (1) estimate the prevalence of demoralization in ET, (2) assess its clinical correlates, and (3) determine whether demoralization correlates with tremor severity.Methods.We administered the Kissane Demoralization Scale (KDS-II) and several psychosocial evaluations (ie, scales assessing subjective incompetence, resilience, and depression [eg, Geriatric Depression Scale]) to 60 ET subjects. Tremor was assessed with a disability score and total tremor score. KDS-II >8 indicated demoralization.Results.Among 60 ET subjects (mean age = 70.2 ± 6.8 years), the prevalence of demoralization was 13.3%, 95% confidence interval = 6.9–24.2%. Although there was overlap between demoralization and depression (10% of the sample meeting criteria for both), 54% of depressed subjects were not demoralized, and 25% of demoralized subjects were not depressed. Demoralization correlated with psychological factors, but demoralized subjects did not have significantly higher total tremor scores, tremor disability scores, or years with tremor.Conclusions.Demoralization has a prevalence of 13.3% in ET, similar to that in other chronic or terminal illnesses (eg, cancer 13–18%, Parkinson’s disease 18.1%, coronary heart disease 20%). Demoralization was not a function of increased tremor severity, suggesting that it is a separable construct, which could dictate how a patient copes with his/her disease. These data further our understanding of the psychological and psychosocial correlates of ET.
An Analysis of Distributed Strike‐Slip Shear Deformation of the Qaidam Basin, Northern Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Liu Runchao , Chen Yan , Yu Xiangjiang , Du Wei , Cheng Xiang , Guo Zhaojie 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe interior structure of the Qaidam Basin records kinematic information related to the regional deformation of the northern Tibetan Plateau. Based on balanced cross sections and depth structure maps covering two individual anticlines in the western Qaidam Basin, we calculate shortening and strike‐slip amounts on the structures. Strain analyses reveal a complex deformation mechanism for them, comprising ~7°–10° clockwise rotation and oblique convergence, with block rotation having contributed more to the sinistral slip than has oblique convergence. Considering the similarities in geometry, kinematics, and onset time of the pervasive northwest trending structures within the basin, we propose that they were developed during distributed dextral shear that has affected the Qaidam Basin since the early Miocene. The bulk shear strikes at ~N55°E, which is consistent with the northeastward decrease in gravitational potential energy away from the central Tibetan Plateau, and is facilitated by the movement on the Altyn Tagh and eastern Kunlun faults.
A Multiscale Analysis of the Tropospheric and Stratospheric Mechanisms Leading to the March 2016 Extreme Surface Ozone Event in Mexico City
Authors: Barrett Bradford S. , Raga Graciela B. , Retama Armando , Leonard Christopher 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThis study analyzed the physical mechanisms behind a multiday high surface ozone (O3) event in Mexico City in March 2016. In early March, a strong zonal jet stream over the Pacific Ocean amplified and underwent wave breaking. An unusual cutoff low pressure system then migrated across central Mexico, with 200‐hPa geopotential heights among the lowest in the reanalysis historical record (1948 to present). A tropopause fold on the west side of the cutoff low transported O3‐rich air from the stratosphere into the troposphere and resulted in high O3 concentrations all the way to the surface. The stratospheric intrusion began on 09 March and ended on 12 March, but surface O3 concentrations continued to rise, peaking on 14 March. Given the deep boundary layer observed on 12 March, it is very likely that remnants of the stratospheric O3 in the midtroposphere at the regional level could have been entrained into the boundary layer. Furthermore, our analysis indicates that as the cutoff low progressed eastward, the pronounced low‐level thermal inversion and reduced ventilation observed on subsequent days (13–15 March) contributed to elevated concentrations of O3 precursors, which together with strong UV radiation, led to efficient photochemical production of O3 and to the very large values observed in several of the monitoring stations (up to 210 parts per billion on 14 March). Finally, mitigation measures put into place by authorities reduced both the number of vehicles on the road and the resulting nighttime titration, possibly extending the duration of dangerous O3 levels in the city.
Modern, Preindustrial, and Past (Last 25 ka) Carbon Isotopic (δ13C) Variability in the Surface Waters of the Southwest Pacific
Authors: Maxson Charles R. , Bostock Helen C. , Mackintosh Andrew , Mikaloff‐Fletcher Sara , McCave Nick , Neil Helen L. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractCarbon stable isotopes (δ13C) in modern seawater samples and planktic foraminifera Globigerina bulloides from core top and downcore sediments are used to estimate the distribution of δ13C of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) in the surface waters of the southwest Pacific in the modern, preindustrial (PI), and over the last 25 kyr. The predicted δ13C distribution in the modern (δ13CDIC), PI (δ13CPI), and late Holocene (from planktic foraminifera Globigerina bulloides [temperature corrected δ13CG.bulloidesTC] from core tops) displays a broad peak at the subtropical front) and subantarctic surface waters due to the combination of high biological productivity and thermodynamic air‐sea gas exchange of CO2 in this region. The estimated δ13CPI values and measured δ13CG.bulloidesTC values from the core tops are higher than the modern values due to the Suess Effect. However, there is poor agreement between the δ13CPI values and core top δ13CG.bulloidesTC values south of 40°S as the back‐calculation approach using chlorofluorocarbon‐11 (CFC‐11) method for removing the anthropogenic δ13C is not effective at these higher southern latitudes. The δ13CG.bulloidesTC from a latitudinal transect of cores in the southwest Pacific were compiled by region using a Monte Carlo approach to determine the long‐term trends in δ13C over the last 25 kyr. Glacial subantarctic δ13CG.bulloidesTC values are low, while subtropical δ13C G.bulloidesTC are high. The peak in δ13CG.bulloidesTC values shifts south in the early Holocene. These latitudinal variations in δ13C G.bulloidesTC are linked to changes in ocean circulation, biological productivity (associated with the shifts in the subtropical front), and air‐sea CO2 exchange, likely related to the structure and position of the Southern Hemisphere Westerly Wind in the South Pacific region.
A Daily Determination of BZ Using the Russell‐McPherron Effect to Forecast Geomagnetic Activity
Authors: Jackson B. V. , Yu H.‐S. , Buffington A. , Hick P. P. , Tokumaru M. , Fujiki K. , Kim J. , Yun J. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractSince the middle of the last decade, UCSD has incorporated magnetic field data in its Institute for Space‐Earth Environmental Research interplanetary scintillation tomographic analysis. These data are extrapolated upward from the solar surface using the Current Sheet Source Surface model (Zhao & Hoeksema, 1995, https://doi.org/10.1029/94JA02266) to provide predictions of the interplanetary field in RTN coordinates. Over the years this technique has become ever more sophisticated, and allows different types of magnetogram data (SOLIS, Global Oscillation Network Group, etc.,) to be incorporated in the field extrapolations. At Earth, these fields can be displayed in a variety of ways, including Geocentric Solar Magnetospheric (GSM) Bx, By, and Bz coordinates. Displayed daily, the Current Sheet Source Surface model‐derived GSM Bz shows a significant positive correlation with the low‐resolution (few day variation) in situ measurements of the Bz field. The nano‐Tesla variations of Bz maximize in spring and fall as Russell and McPherron (1973, https://doi.org/10.1029/JA078i001p00092) have shown. More significantly, we find that the daily variations are correlated with geomagnetic Kp and Dst index variations, and that a decrease from positive to negative Bz has a high correlation with minor‐to‐moderate geomagnetic storm activity, as defined by NOAA Space Weather Prediction Center planetary Kp values. Here we provide an 11‐year study of the predicted Bz field, from the extrapolation of the Global Oscillation Network Group‐magnetograms. We provide a skill‐score analysis of the technique's geomagnetic storm prediction capability, which allows forecasts of moderate enhanced geomagnetic storm activity. UCSD and the Korean Space Weather Center currently operate a website that predicts this low‐resolution GSM Bz field component variation several days in advance.
Targeting actin inhibits repair of doxorubicin-induced DNA damage: a novel therapeutic approach for combination therapy
Authors: Pfitzer Lisa , Moser Christina , Gegenfurtner Florian , Arner Anja , Foerster Florian , Atzberger Carina , Zisis Themistoklis , Kubisch-Dohmen Rebekka , Busse Johanna , Smith Rebecca , Timinszky Gyula , Kalinina Olga V. , Müller Rolf , Wagner Ernst , Vollmar Angelika M. , Zahler Stefan 
Published: April 2019

AbstractSevere side effects often restrict clinical application of the widely used chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin. In order to decrease required substance concentrations, new concepts for successful combination therapy are needed. Since doxorubicin causes DNA damage, combination with compounds that modulate DNA repair could be a promising strategy. Very recently, a role of nuclear actin for DNA damage repair has been proposed, making actin a potential target for cancer therapy in combination with DNA-damaging therapeutics. This is of special interest, since actin-binding compounds have not yet found their way into clinics. We find that low-dose combination treatment of doxorubicin with the actin polymerizer chondramide B (ChB) synergistically inhibits tumor growth in vivo. On the cellular level we demonstrate that actin binders inhibit distinctive double strand break (DSB) repair pathways. Actin manipulation impairs the recruitment of replication factor A (RPA) to the site of damage, a process crucial for homologous recombination. In addition, actin binders reduce autophosphorylation of DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) during nonhomologous end joining. Our findings substantiate a direct involvement of actin in nuclear DSB repair pathways, and propose actin as a therapeutic target for combination therapy with DNA-damaging agents such as doxorubicin.
Spaceflight-induced alternative splicing during seedling development in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Beisel Nicole S. , Noble Jerald , Barbazuk W. Brad , Paul Anna-Lisa , Ferl Robert J. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractPlants grown in spaceflight experience novel environmental signals, including those associated with microgravity and ionizing radiation. Spaceflight triggers a response involving transcriptional re-programming and altered cell morphology, though many aspects of this response remain uncharacterized. We analyzed the spaceflight-induced transcriptome with a focus on genes that undergo alternative splicing to examine differential splicing associated with spaceflight—an unstudied characteristic of the molecular response to spaceflight exposure. RNA sequence data obtained during the APEX03 spaceflight experiment that was collected from two Arabidopsis thaliana ecotypes at two seedling stages grown onboard the International Space Station, or as ground controls at Kennedy Space Center, were re-examined to detect alternative splicing differences induced by spaceflight. Presence/absence variation analysis was used to identify putative expression-level differences in alternatively spliced isoforms between spaceflight and ground controls and was followed by analysis of significant differential alternative splicing. This study provides the first evidence of a role for alternative splicing in the molecular processes of physiological adaptation to the spaceflight environment.
Fraunhofer patterns in magnetic Josephson junctions with non-uniform magnetic susceptibility
Authors: Börcsök B. , Komori S. , Buzdin A. I. , Robinson J. W. A. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe development of superconducting memory and logic based on magnetic Josephson junctions relies on an understanding of junction properties and, in particular, the dependence of critical current on external magnetic flux (i.e. Fraunhofer patterns). With the rapid development of Josephson junctions with various forms of inhomogeneous barrier magnetism, Fraunhofer patterns are increasingly complex. In this paper we model Fraunhofer patterns for magnetic Josephson junctions in which the barrier magnetic susceptibility is position- and external-magnetic-field dependent. The model predicts anomalous Fraunhofer patterns in which local minima in the Josephson critical current can be nonzero and non-periodic with external magnetic flux due to an interference effect between magnetised and demagnetised regions.
Clinical outcomes of patients with T4 or N1b well-differentiated thyroid cancer after different strategies of adjuvant radioiodine therapy
Authors: Jeong Shin Young , Lee Sang-Woo , Kim Wan Wook , Jung Jin Hyang , Lee Won Kee , Ahn Byeong-Cheol , Lee Jaetae 
Published: April 2019

AbstractWe aimed to determine whether recombinant human thyrotropin (rhTSH) plus 3.7 GBq could replace thyroid hormone withdrawal (THW) plus 5.55 GBq for adjuvant radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy in differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) patients with T4 or N1b disease. This study was a retrospective study comparing ablation success rate, response to initial therapy, and recurrence-free survival (RFS) of patients with rhTSH plus 3.7 GBq versus those with THW plus 5.55 GBq in 253 DTC patients with T4 or N1b disease. There were no differences in the TSH-stimulated thyroglobulin level, rate of incomplete response after initial treatment, or the RFS between the two treatment strategies. However, thyroid bed uptake on follow-up diagnostic RAI whole-body scanning (WBS) was more frequently observed in the group treated with rhTSH plus 3.7 GBq than in the group with THW plus 5.55 GBq. Adjuvant RAI therapy with rhTSH plus 3.7 GBq had comparable results in the absence of persistent tumor, compared with that with THW plus 5.55 GBq. Although thyroid bed uptake was more frequently observed, rhTSH plus 3.7 GBq may be used instead of THW plus 5.55 GBq for adjuvant RAI therapy in patients with T4 or N1b disease.
Long-term photometric monitoring of the dwarf planet (136472) Makemake
Authors: Hromakina T. A. , Belskaya I. N. , Krugly Yu. N. , Shevchenko V. G. , Ortiz J. L. , Santos-Sanz P. , Duffard R. , Morales N. , Thirouin A. , Inasaridze R. Ya. , Ayvazian V. R. , Zhuzhunadze V. T. , Perna D. , Rumyantsev V. V. , Reva I. V. , Serebryanskiy A. V. , Sergeyev A. V. , Molotov I. E. , Voropaev V. A. , Velichko S. F. 
Published: April 2019

Aims. We studied the rotational properties of the dwarf planet Makemake.
Methods. The photometric observations were carried out at different telescopes between 2006 and 2017. Most of the measurements were acquired in BVRI broad-band filters of a standard Johnson-Cousins photometric system.
Results. We found that Makemake rotates more slowly than was previously reported. A possible lightcurve asymmetry suggests a double-peaked period of P = 22.8266 ± 0.0001 h. A small peak-to-peak lightcurve amplitude in R-filter A = 0.032 ± 0.005 mag implies an almost spherical shape or near pole-on orientation. We also measured BVRI colours and the R-filter phase-angle slope and revised the absolute magnitudes. The absolute magnitude of Makemake has remained unchanged since its discovery in 2005. No direct evidence of a newly discovered satellite was found in our photometric data; however, we discuss the possible existence of another larger satellite.
Medizinische Datenhaltung – Ansatz, Konzepte, strategische und operative Implikationen
Authors: Schönermark Matthias 
Published: April 2019

ZusammenfassungDie Erfassung, Auswertung und Bewirtschaftung klinischer Daten mittels elektronischer Anwendungen hat in der Medizin bereits eine weite Verbreitung gefunden. Der Digitalisierung von Patientenakten werden signifikante Effizienz- und Effektivitätspotenziale beigemessen, die auch dazu führen, dass seitens des Gesetzgebers und der Selbstverwaltungsorgane zahlreiche Initiativen gestartet wurden, um möglichst in naher Zukunft eine flächendeckende Etablierung von elektronischen Patientenakten in den klinischen Entitäten sicherzustellen. Gleichwohl liegen die deutschen Krankenhäuser und Praxen im internationalen Vergleich weit zurück. Der folgende Artikel beschreibt die Prinzipien der elektronischen medizinischen Datenhaltung und erläutert die verschiedenen Ansätze, die im internationalen Kontext verfolgt werden. Darüber hinaus wird diskutiert, wie mithilfe elektronischer Datenerfassungs- und Bewirtschaftungssysteme Wert im Sinne von höherer Versorgungsqualität oder von geringeren Versorgungskosten geschaffen werden kann. Und schließlich werden die strategischen und operativen Implikationen abgeleitet und konkrete Handlungsempfehlungen gegeben, wie die Einführung einer organisationsweiten elektronischen Patientenakte optimal gestaltet werden kann.
Hörimplantate im Zeitalter der Digitalisierung
Authors: Olze Heidi , Uecker Florian , Häußler Sophia , Knopke Steffen , Szczepek Agnieszka , Gräbel Stefan 
Published: April 2019

ZusammenfassungDie Entwicklungen der letzten Jahre haben gezeigt, dass die Rehabilitation mit Hörimplantaten in der HNO-Heilkunde ein Bereich mit höchstem Entwicklungs- und Innovationspotenzial ist. Neue, bzw. erweiterte Indikationen gingen dabei einher mit Entwicklungen im Bereich der Implantate, neuen OP-Techniken und entsprechend angepassten Rehabilitationsstrategien.Die wachsende Anzahl von Menschen mit Hörstörungen, die erweiterten Indikationen und die daraus resultierende steigende Anzahl CI-Versorgter, sowie die Notwendigkeit der lebenslangen CI Nachsorge sind vor dem Hintergrund begrenzter Ressourcen eine große Herausforderung. Um diese zu bewältigen und zu gestalten, bedarf es neben einer engen interdisziplinären Zusammenarbeit und kontinuierlichen Weiterentwicklung der Therapie auch ganz neuer Strategien. Hier kommt der Digitalisierung all dieser Prozesse eine Schlüsselrolle zu.In diesem Referat werden die aktuellen Entwicklungen aus dem Blickwinkel einer Cochlea-Implantat (CI) versorgenden Klinik dargestellt und besprochen. Das Referat illustriert vielfältige digitale Anwendungen, die in allen Phasen der CI Versorgung zum Einsatz kommen können, angefangen von der Patienteninformation über Möglichkeiten des Hör-Screenings und die präoperative Evaluation bis zur lebenslangen Nachsorge und der klinischen Forschung.Hierbei liegt der Fokus auf speziellen Applikationen, die in der Entwicklung des digitalen Fortschritts und digitaler Strukturen im Rahmen der CI Versorgung eine besondere Rolle spielen und für das Verständnis der weiteren Entwicklung wichtig sind.Möglichkeiten einer vereinfachten Anpassung ergeben sich z. B. durch eine automatische MAP-Erstellung (Artificial Intelligence Anwendungen), Remote Care Netzwerke (Telemedizin, Apps) fördern die aktive Selbstbeteiligung der Patienten und erlauben völlig neue Formen einer ortsungebundenen Patientenversorgung (automatisierte technische Implantatkontrolle, Selbstprogrammierung, Upgrades). Zentrale Datenbanken können die aktuelle MAP z. B. im Reparaturfall speichern, technische Daten und die Hörleistung dokumentieren. Einige der skizzierten Anwendungen sind heute schon Realität, andere erst in der Entwicklung.Das Verständnis über die Möglichkeiten der Digitalisierung und deren Einsatz im Bereich der Hörrehabilitation mit Hörimplantaten und die Erkenntnis über das enorme Potenzial für effektive, zeiteffiziente Strukturen sind unabdingbar, um dieses Potenzial zu nutzen. Für uns HNO-Ärzte als wichtige Akteure im Gesundheitssystem bedeutet das, dass wir neben einer hohen fachlichen Expertise auch hohen Anforderungen an unsere Qualifikation in Bezug auf die digitalen Anwendungen gerecht werden müssen, um diesen Prozess aktiv mitzugestalten.
Aspekte der Langzeitversorgung bei Patienten mit Erkrankungen aus dem schizophrenen Formenkreis
Authors: Kuhn Jens , Bolling Susanne , Janetzky Wolfgang , Gruczyk Christoph , Knecht Guntram , Leopold Karolina 
Published: April 2019

ZusammenfassungDie notwendige Behandlungskontinuität von Patienten mit Erkrankungen aus dem schizophrenen Formenkreis wird durch die Sektorisierung der Gesundheitsversorgung in Deutschland und den daraus erwachsenden Schnittstellenproblemen und Versorgungslücken erheblich beeinträchtigt. Die vorliegende Arbeit gibt eine Übersicht zur medizinischen und ökonomischen Bedeutung von Psychosen aus dem schizophrenen Formenkreis in der ambulanten und stationären Versorgung. Bezugnehmend darauf werden Ursachen einer Fehl-, Unter- bzw. Überversorgung von Patient mit Erkrankungen aus dem schizophrenen Formenkreis sowie mögliche Konsequenzen und Konzepte zur Optimierung sektorenübergreifender Versorgungsprozesse am Beispiel der Schnittstellenproblematik bei der Transition von der stationären in die ambulante Weiterbetreuung vorgestellt. Durch die Einführung des PsychVVG und des § 39 Abs. 1a SGB V (Entlassmanagement) wurden Möglichkeiten geschaffen, die bisherigen Versorgungs- und Behandlungsstrukturen bedarfsgerechter und flexibler zu gestalten. Patienten, die an Schizophrenie erkrankt sind, können durch die Flexibilisierung des Behandlungsortes, im Sinne einer „häuslichen Krankenhausbehandlung“ (Home Treatment) und die Sicherstellung einer adäquaten Anschlussversorgung, profitieren.