bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Quest for New Empowered Citizen Scientists
Authors: Rovellotti Olivier , Corny Julien , Voundy El-Makki 
Published: July 2019

Citizen science is well-known as being a very efficient means collecting large amounts of data at a global scale. However, even if it seems nice to collect observations about flowering plants and singing birds, people living in today’s world need to understand this global biodiversity crisis is here to stay. We need to move past the human sensor paradigm and learn to incorporate the general public in the entire research process. We need to move from cheap data labour to truly empowered citizen scientists and realise that stakeholders may not have complex scientific questions but still have questions about their environment. We need to move from citizen science to participatory science (Hinckson et al. 2017,Katapally 2019,Poncet and Turcati 2017), if we want to tackle the challenges we will be facing in the coming years.
Natural Solutions has developed a number of gamified citizen science applications in the past (ecoBalade, Biolit, Sauvage de ma rue, INPN espèces, GeoNature Citizen), through which we have gained a good understanding of what works. Our last project is to create a citizen acting mobile platform using cognitive bias to nudge citizen in acting toward biodiversity. The application will be part of the IUCN congress taking part in Marseille in 2020.
Ets1 Controls the Development of B Cell Autoimmune Responses in a Cell-Intrinsic Manner
Authors: Sunshine Alex , Goich David , Stith Alifa , Sortino Katherine , Dalton Justin , Metcalfe Sarah , Svensson Eric C , Garrett-Sinha Lee Ann 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Ets1 is emerging as a key transcription factor that is required to prevent autoimmunity in mice and humans. Ets1 is expressed in both B and T cells, and mice lacking Ets1 are characterized by excess B and T cell activation, leading to enhanced formation of Ab-secreting cells and high titers of autoantibodies. In humans, genome-wide association studies have detected associations of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the human ETS1 gene with autoimmune diseases, including lupus. An increased fraction of CD4+ T cells from Ets1−/− mice have an activated effector-memory phenotype, and there are aberrations in differentiation that contribute to the autoimmune phenotype. In vitro studies of B cells suggest that Ets1 may have B cell–intrinsic effects as well. To confirm B cell–intrinsic roles for Ets1, we crossed CD19-Cre mice to mice with a floxed allele of Ets1. Mice with a B cell–specific deletion of Ets1 show increases in B cell activation, numbers of Ab-secreting cells, and levels of autoantibodies, despite the fact that T cells are normal. However, when compared with conventional Ets1 knockout mice, mice with B cell–specific loss of Ets1 have a significantly milder phenotype. These results demonstrate that Ets1 is required in B cells to prevent autoimmune responses but that loss of Ets1 activity in other cell types is required for maximal autoimmune phenotypes.
A New External Landmark for Mental Foramen
Authors: Tungkeeratichai Jumroon , Bhongmakapat Thongchai , Saitongdee Porncharn , Orathai Pisamai 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTPurposeThe purpose of this study was to establish a new external landmark of mental foramen to help facilitate prediction of the location during local anesthesia and during surgery of mandibular region.Materials and methodsOne hundred and ten adult Thai cadavers of 61 males and 49 females from Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University were included in this study. The anatomy of mental foramen in 110 adult Thai cadavers (220 sides) was studied from 2008 until 2011. Measurements in vertical plane were made: (i) From gingival sulcus to mental foramen = A, (ii) from mental foramen to inferior border of mandible = B, and (iii) the ratio of A/A + B = D.Measurements in horizontal plane were also made: (i) From symphysis menti to the mental foramen = S (in straight line and not related to mandibular curvature), and (ii) from symphysis menti to the mental foramen = C (in curved line related to mandibular curvature), and (iii) in relation to position of lower tooth/teeth, and (iv) in relation to cheilions (corners of the mouth).ResultsThe results included 61 male and 49 female cadavers. On the right side, the proportion of A/A + B (D) of male and female was 0.50 and 0.46. On the left side, the proportion of A/A + B (D) of male and female was 0.50 and 0.46. The location of right and left cheilion was related with the position of mental foramen, mostly at center (male: 63.93 and 70.49%, female: 61.22 and 73.47%). If center ± 0.3 cm it was possible to find the mental foramen more easily than the point of the center (male: 95.08 and 91.80%, female: 87.76 and 93.88%). If center ± 0.5 cm, it could find the mental foramen more easily than the point of the center ± 0.3 cm (male: 98.36 and 98.36%, female: 95.92 and 97.96%).ConclusionThe knowledge gained from this study is quite important, since it helps the surgeon to easily identify the mental foramen prior to surgery which is halfway between gingival sulcus and inferior border of mandible in vertical plane and at the cheilion position in horizontal plane.
Neurofibroma of Soft Palate: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Smitha SG , Gangaraj Smitha Soubhagya , Shantharam Lakshmi , Vijay Suguna 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTNeurofibroma of soft palate is a rare tumor with this report being the fourth case reported in English literature. We are reporting this case of isolated neurofibroma of soft palate for its rarity. The mass was excised by intraoral approach without prior tracheostomy. Histopathological examination showed features of neurofibroma with secondary changes.
The Surgical Landmark for Facial Foramen
Authors: Tungkeeratichai Jumroon , Bhongmakapat Thongchai , Saitongdee Porncharn , Orathai Pisamai 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo study the localization and relative of the supratrochlear, supraorbital, infraorbital and mental foramen in Thai cadavers to external landmarks for helps the surgeon to easily and practically identify these foramen.Materials and methodsThe localization of the supratrochlear, supraorbital, infraorbital and mental foramen in adult Thai cadavers were studied in 110 cadevers (220 sides) from 2008 until 2012. The analyses were also performed to compare differences between sexes and sides.ResultsMean length of supraorbital foramen from nasal midline on the right side was 2.76 cm, left side 2.75 cm, above supraorbital rim right side 0.23 cm, left side 0.23 cm. Mean length of supratrochlear foramen from nasal midline on the right side was 1.77 cm, left side 1.76 cm. Mean length of infraorbital foramen from maxillary midline on the right side was 3.06 cm, left side 3.07 cm, from infraorbital rim on the right side was 0.94 cm, left side 0.92 cm. Mean length of mental foramen measurement straight to symphysis menti on the right side was 3.19 cm, left side 3.18 cm. Measurement along curvature of the mandible on the right side was 3.49 cm, left side 3.49 cm.ConclusionThe knowledge gained from this study is quite important, since it helps the surgeon to easily and practically identify supraorbital notch/foramen, supratrochlea foramen, infraorbital foramen and mental foramen. This will help avoid injury of the neurovascular bundles passing though these sets of foramen.
Is the Silicone Implant actually in the Subperiosteal Pocket in Augmented Rhinoplasty?
Authors: Tungkeeratichai Jumroon , Bhongmakapat Thongchai , Saitongdee Porncharn , Orathai Pisamai , Urathamakul Sarinya , Chintrakarn Chalermchai , Kunachak Somyot 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTPurposeTo identify the right plane in augmented rhinoplasty to help facilitate the facial plastic surgeons in creating more natural look in oriental noses.Materials and methodsOne hundred and ten adult Thai cadavers comprising 61 males and 49 females from Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University were included in this study. Augmentation rhinoplasty with the closed technique was performed by using silicone prosthesis; then, surgical incision was done at midline from nasion to nasal tip to identify the correlation between silicone and periosteum in the area of rhinion and nasion.ResultsThis study included 61 male and 49 female cadavers. At the rhinion, silicones were placed in subperiosteal plane of 65 cadavers (59.1%) and above periosteum of 45 cadavers (40.9%). In nasion area, silicones were successfully inserted below periosteum of 109 cadavers (99.1%). However, silicone was placed in the supraperiosteum of only one cadaver (0.9%).ConclusionSilicone can be inserted into subperiosteal layer in the area of nasion easier than in the area of rhinion. Augmented rhinoplasty by using silicone insertion in subperiosteal plane, at lease in the nasion area, makes it more natural look, stable and can prevent misalignment.
Extranasopharyngeal Angiofibroma from Nasal Vestibule: A Rare Presentation
Authors: Malipatil Sharanabasappa Rudragouda 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTThe term extranasopharyngeal angiofibroma has been applied to vascular, fibrous nodules occurring outside the nasopharynx. These rare benign neoplasms characterized by a different biological history and clinical features with respect to nasopharyngeal tumors and, for these reasons, they should be regarded as atypical clinical entity.A 60-year-old male presented to us with a mass in the left nasal cavity since last 1 year. Examination revealed an irregular, pinkish mass arising from the lateral aspect of left nasal vestibule. The mass was excised and sent for histopathological reporting which confirmed angiofibroma. This case is reported for its atypicality being the rarest site of origin with no case reported so far in medical literature.
Traumatic Arteriovenous Malformation of Cheek: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Bhandary B Satheesh Kumar , Bhat Vadisha , Aroor Rajeshwary , Shetty Shama 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTArteriovenous malformations (AVM) are congenital vascular anomalies but are usually first noticed in childhood or adulthood. Head and neck is the most common location for AVM. Extracranial lesions are rare compared to intracranial lesions. The rapid enlargement of the malformation leading to symptoms is usually triggered by trauma or hormonal changes of puberty or pregnancy. Traumatic AVM of the head and neck are very rare. Here we report a case of AVM of cheek in an adult woman developed following a dental treatment. The diagnosis was confirmed by imaging and was treated surgically after angiography and embolization.
A Comprehensive Approach to Thyroid Swellings: Clinical, Sonological, Cytological and Histopathological Correlation
Authors: Trupthi MC , Boobalan S 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTObjectivesThis study was conducted with the aim of clinicopathological evaluation of thyroid swellings.SettingTertiary referral centre, Davangere, Karnataka, India.DesignRetrospective study.Materials and methodsClinical details, sonological reports, laboratory reports were retrieved from the records for the 110 patients with thyroid swellings who were included in our study, between May 2009 and April 2013 and the data was analyzed. Cytological smears in all patients and histopathology slides in operated patients were retrieved and studied.ResultsThe highest incidence (37.4%) of thyroid swellings were found in age group of 21 to 30 years. The youngest patient being 10 years. Females (90%) predominated in this study, male to female ratio being 1:9. Majority of patients (35%) came with complaints of swelling of duration less than 6 months. Among 110 patients, 36.36% of them were treated conservatively, out of which 7 cases (17.5%) were hyperthyroid, 10 cases (25%) were hypothyroid and 23 cases (57.5%) were euthyroid and the remaining 63.63% of them underwent surgery. Of the 110 patients subjected to FNAC, 16 patients (14.54%) were neoplastic and 94 patients (85.45%) were non-neoplastic. Upon correlation with the histopathology report, the sensitivity of FNAC was 78.57%, specificity was 91.07%, with a positive predictive value of 68.75% and negative predictive value of 94.44%. Diagnostic accuracy of FNAC is 88.50%.ConclusionFNAC and USG are valuable tools in assessing the need for surgical intervention in thyroid swellings. USG guided aspiration will further enhance the cytological yield and diagnostic accuracy.
A Rare Case of Rhinofacial Zygomycosis due to Conidiobolus Infection
Authors: Chakravarti Arunabha , Mishra Meenakshi 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTBackgroundRhinofacial zygomycosis is the infection of subcutaneous tissues of maxillofacial region caused by zygomycetes class of fungi. It is commonly caused by the order mucorales and is acute and fulminant. Infections by the order entomophthorales are rare but indolent.Case reportWe report an unusual case of rhinofacial zygomycosis due to Conidiobolus coronatus of the order Entomophthorales in an immunocompetent adult male to highlight the clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment. We treated the patient with multiple drugs, that is amphotericin-B, cotrimoxazole, and itraconazole along with endoscopic debridement of nasal polyps with excellent result.ConclusionRhinofacial zygomycosis due to entomophthorales is rare but treatable condition. Appropriate histopathological diagnosis and a multipronged approach with timely medical as well as surgical management is the key to clinical cure.
Late Neck Metastasis of Clear Cell Salivary Carcinoma of the Soft Palate
Authors: Rena Xu , Herr Marc William , Sadow Peter , Deschler Daniel 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTIntroductionClear cell carcinoma is a rare form of salivary gland tumor, most commonly affecting the palate and tongue. We present a patient with cervical lymph node metastasis 28 years after treatment for clear cell salivary carcinoma of the soft palate.Case presentationA new neck mass was found in a 69-yearold man with a remote history of clear cell salivary carcinoma of the soft palate. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy demonstrated no evidence of malignancy; however, excisional biopsy revealed carcinoma. Neck dissection was performed and final pathologic review demonstrated clear cell salivary carcinoma metastatic to a cervical lymph node.DiscussionClear cell salivary carcinoma may be less indolent than previously believed. Metastases to cervical lymph nodes and distant sites have been reported in one-fourth of patients and can occur many years after treatment. Immunohistochemical staining is a valuable adjunct for differentiating clear cell carcinoma from other neoplasms that demonstrate clear cell components.ConclusionThis rare case of late neck metastasis after clear cell salivary carcinoma of the soft palate highlights the need for high clinical suspicion of recurrence many years after treatment and indicates the role of neck dissection for diagnosis and treatment in patients with possible nodal spread.
Audiological Changes in Perilymph Fistula
Authors: Bhattacharyya Diptarka , Chandran Sobhana , Sayed Lubna 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTIntroductionTrauma is one of the commonest causes of perilymphatic fistulae. The classical patient presents with a sudden onset vertigo, tinnitus and hearing loss, which may be fluctuating. The audiological changes can range from a purely conductive hearing loss, to mixed hearing losses (most common) to sensorineural hearing loss. The same are dependent on a number of factors, such as extent of trauma and perilymphatic leak, the presence of superadded infection, the tardiness in obtaining appropriate treatment, etc.Materials and methodsA case of post-traumatic perilymphatic fistula has been presented here, and discussed with regards to the presentation, clinical diagnosis, treatment and the audiological profile and eventual outcome.ConclusionThe audiological profile of a patient should be carefully correlated with the CT scan findings, the clinical picture as well as the intraoperative findings so as to predict and understand the eventual audiological outcome after treatment.AbbreviationsdB: decibels, Hz: Hertz, KHz: Kilo hertz, BPPV: benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, Deg: degrees.
Giant Intracranial Arachnoid Cyst Mimicking Benign Paroxysmal Vertigo of Childhood: Case Report with Review of Literature
Authors: Tyagi Amit Kumar , Ashish Gaurav , Lepcha Anjali , Balraj Achamma 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTArachnoid cysts constitute 1% of all intracranial space-occupying lesions. These typically produce vague and nonspecific symptoms. However, a subset of these lesions can produce constellation of signs and symptoms indistinguishable from those causing peripheral vertigo. We discuss the presentation of a giant arachnoid cyst which presented with dizziness and mimicked benign paroxysmal vertigo of childhood (BPVC).
Prosthetic Rehabiliation Of Hemimandibulectomy Patient - A Rare Case Report
Authors: Setty Manasali Bheema , Ramesh Nadiger K 
Published: July 2019

AbstractSegmental resection of the mandible and commandos procedures involve extensive loss of hard and soft tissues, resulting in deviation of the mandible to the defective side and impairment in swallowing, speech, mastication and saliva control due to loss of sensory and motor innervations. Prosthodontic rehabilitation mainly aims the mandibular deviation and “improve the masticatory efficiency. This clinical report describes the use of maxillary occlusal ramps which provide support for the mandibular fragment in the acquired position and help to stabilize the dentures thus improving the masticatory efficiency in edentulous mandibulectomy patients.
Paperless dentistry - The future
Authors: Manohar Mala Ram 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
One of the most common problems faced in dental practice management is maintaining and retrieving patient records, which is very tedious and cumbersome especially in a busy practice. This is where paperless operation comes to the rescue. It is simply a practice where all the information, diagnostic, management, and communication tools are fully integrated into one computerized system. This increases efficiency, reduces clutter, saves time, improves communication and requires less office space which is cost-effective.
As health care professionals, we should be on the cutting edge technology and provide an excellent patient experience; this is what paperless practice is!

How to cite this article
Mala R, Gajendra B. Paperless dentistry - The future. CODS J Dent 2014;6;13-15
Ellis-van Creveld syndrome affecting siblings: A case report and review
Authors: Annigeri Rajeshwari G. , Reddy V.V. Subba , Mamatha G.P. , Jadhav Manisha , Poornima P. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Ellis-van Creveld syndrome (EVC) is a genetic disorder that was first described by Richard Ellis and Simon van Creveld in 1940. EVC is a rare autosomal recessive disease resulting from a genetic defect located in chromosome 4p16. The name chondroectodermal is used as it affects both the skeleton (chondro) and the skin (ectoderm). The four principal characteristics are chondrodysplasia, polydactyly, ectodermal dysplasia and congenital heart defects. The patients have small stature, short limbs, fine sparse hair and hypoplastic nails. The orofacial manifestations include multiple gingivolabial musculofibrous frenule, dental anomalies like hypodontia associated with malocclusion. This entity can be diagnosed at any age, even during pregnancy. The differentiation should be made between Asphyxiating Thoracic Dysplasia (Jeune syndrome) and other orofaciodigital syndromes. A multidisciplinary approach is required to manage this condition. We are reporting a rare clinical entity of chondroectodermal dysplasia with classical signs affecting siblings who reported to the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology with review of its literature.

How to cite this article
Mamatha GP, Manisha J, Rajeshwari GA, Poornima P, Subba Reddy VV. Ellis-van Creveld syndrome affecting siblings – A case report and review. CODS J Dent 2014;6;40-44
Candidiasis - A frequently underdiagnosed entity
Authors: Ramakrishna Ashwini , Nandini DB , Annigeri. Rajeshwari 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Candidiasis is the most common fungal infection of the oral cavity. It often presents as a white lesion mimicking other oral lesions. It frequently goes undiagnosed in the presence of positive tobacco habit history. The present article reports a case of chronic candidiasis with review of literature.

How to cite this article
Ashwini R, Nandini DB, Madhushankari GS, Rajeshwari A. Candidiasis - A frequently underdiagnosed entity. CODS J Dent 2014 6;117-121
Prevalence of Hemiplegic Shoulder Pain in Post-stroke Patients – A Hospital Based Study
Authors: Joy AK , Ozukum I , Nilachandra L , Khelendro Th , Nandabir Y , Kunjabasi W 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Objectives
To study the prevalence of hemiplegic shoulder pain (HSP) and its association with other factors like age, sex, side of paralysis, type of brain lesion, muscle tone, degree of functional recovery in upper limb and glenohumeral subluxation (GHS).

Methodology
Prospective study based on all the hemiplegic 140 patients admitted in the physical medicine and rehabilitation ward in two consecutive years.

Tools
Assessment of HSP was done by using a structured questionnaire known as “Shoulder Q”. Modified Ashworth scale (MAS) was used for spasticity assessment and functional independence measure (FIM) to document the severity of disability. Follow-up at intervals of 1, 3 and 6 months from the date of discharge for all cases were attempted and even cases with at least one follow-up around 3 months were also included in the study. Analysis was done on 109 patients as 31 patients lost to follow-up.

Results
Out of the 109 patients, 61.5% were males with a mean age of 58.9 ± 10.9 years. Cerebral infarct represents 53.2% of patients. HSP was present in 47.7% (n= 52) of patients. The prevalence of HSP on left and right sides was comparable though involvement was more on the left side (58.8%). Glenohumeral subluxation was present in 32.7% (n=17) of 52 cases with HSP and 33.3% (n=19) of 57 cases without HSP. Mean FIM score at admission for patients with HSP was 54.5 ± 17.6 and 56.6 ± 19.5 among cases without HSP. Again, mean FIM scores at last follow-up were 80.0 ± 16.4 and 79.9 ± 18.9 respectively for both cases with HSP and without it. Among the compliers, patients with tone more than MAS=1 were more likely to develop HSP.

Conclusion
Prevalence rate of HSP among post-stroke hemiplegic patients admitted during two years was 47.7%. There was no association of HSP with factors like age, sex, side of paralysis, type of lesion and GHS. Correlation between HSP and muscle tone or degree of functional recovery was significant.