bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wood‐Derived Materials for Advanced Electrochemical Energy Storage Devices
Authors: Huang Jianlin , Zhao Bote , Liu Ting , Mou Jirong , Jiang Zhongjie , Liu Jiang , Li Hexing , Liu Meilin 
Published: June 2019

AbstractOver the past decade, wood‐derived materials have attracted enormous interest for both fundamental research and practical applications in various functional devices. In addition to being renewable, environmentally benign, naturally abundant, and biodegradable, wood‐derived materials have several unique advantages, including hierarchically porous structures, excellent mechanical flexibility and integrity, and tunable multifunctionality, making them ideally suited for efficient energy storage and conversion. In this article, the latest advances in the development of wood‐derived materials are discussed for electrochemical energy storage systems and devices (e.g., supercapacitors and rechargeable batteries), highlighting their micro/nanostructures, strategies for tailoring the structures and morphologies, as well as their impact on electrochemical performance (energy and power density and long‐term durability). Furthermore, the scientific and technical challenges, together with new directions of future research in this exciting field, are also outlined for electrochemical energy storage applications.
Surface‐Engineered Monocyte Inhibits Atherosclerotic Plaque Destabilization via Graphene Quantum Dot‐Mediated MicroRNA Delivery
Authors: Liu Feila , Ding Ning , Huo Da , Yang Guanyuan , Wei Keyu , Guan Ge , Li Yanzhao , Yang Jingyuan , Wang Tianran , Wang Yeqin , Tan Ju , Zeng Wen , Zhu Chuhong 
Published: June 2019

AbstractRupture‐prone atherosclerotic plaque is the cause of the high mortality and morbidity rates that accompany atherosclerosis‐associated diseases. MicroRNAs can regulate the expression of a variety of atherosclerotic inflammation‐related genes in macrophages. There are currently no definitive methods for delivering microRNAs into the interior of plaque. Monocytes typically possess a pathological feature that allows them to be recruited to atherosclerotic plaque resulting in rupture‐prone; however, whether monocytes can be modified to be gene carriers remains unclear. In this study, a novel monocyte surface‐engineered gene‐delivery system based on graphene quantum dots (GQDs) is developed. Briefly, GQDs‐microRNA223 linked by disulfide bonds are grafted onto the monocyte membrane via a carefully designed C18‐peptide (C18P) containing a hydrophobic end to afford the designed monocyte‐C18P‐GQDs‐miR223 architecture. The system can reach and enter the interior of the plaque and release the GQDs‐miRNA via C18P digestion. The released GQDs‐miRNA are taken up by the macrophages in atherosclerotic plaques, and the disulfide linkages between the GQDs and the miRNA are cleaved through γ‐interferon‐inducible lysosomal thiol reductase (GILT) in the lysosome. Under the protection of GQDs, miRNA cargos are transfected into the cytosol and subsequently undergo nuclear translocation, allowing a significantly reduced plaque burden by regulating inflammatory response in vivo.
Ultrafine Dual‐Phased Carbide Nanocrystals Confined in Porous Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon Dodecahedrons for Efficient Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Lu Xue Feng , Yu Le , Zhang Jintao , Lou Xiong Wen (David) 
Published: June 2019

AbstractDesigning novel non‐noble electrocatalysts with controlled structures and composition remains a great challenge for efficient hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Herein, a rational synthesis of ultrafine carbide nanocrystals confined in porous nitrogen‐doped carbon dodecahedrons (PNCDs) by annealing functional zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF‐8) with molybdate or tungstate is reported. By controlling the substitution amount of MO4 units (M = Mo or W) in the ZIF‐8 framework, dual‐phase carbide nanocrystals confined in PNCDs (denoted as MC‐M2C/PNCDs) can be obtained, which exhibit superior activity toward the HER to the single‐phased MC/PNCDs and M2C/PNCDs. The evenly distributed ultrafine nanocrystals favor the exposure of active sites. PNCDs as the support facilitate charge transfer and protect the nanocrystals from aggregation during the HER process. Moreover, the strong coupling interactions between MC and M2C provide beneficial sites for both water dissociation and hydrogen desorption. This work highlights a new feasible strategy to explore efficient electrocatalysts via engineering on nanostructure and composition.
3D Nanowire Arrayed Cu Current Collector toward Homogeneous Alloying Anode Deposition for Enhanced Sodium Storage
Authors: Fan Xiao‐Yong , Han Jiaxing , Ding Yuan‐Li , Deng Ya‐Ping , Luo Dan , Zeng Xiangtian , Jiang Zhen , Gou Lei , Li Dong‐Lin , Chen Zhongwei 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAlloying electrodes are regarded as promising anodes for lithium/sodium storage thanks to their multielectron reaction capacity, moderate voltage plateau, and high electrical conductivity. However, huge volume change upon cycling, especially for sodium storage, usually causes the loss of electrical connection between active components and their delaminations from traditional current collectors, thus leading to rapid capacity decay. Herein, a unique 3D current collector is assembled from 1D nanowire arrays anchored on 3D porous Cu foams for constructing core‐shelled Cu@Sb nanowires as advanced sodium‐ion battery (SIB) anodes. The so‐formed hierarchical 3D anode with interconnected 3D micrometer sized pores and abundant voids between nanowires not only effectively accommodates the structural strains during repeated cycling but also ensures the structural integrity and contributes to a uniform ion/electron scattered distribution throughout the whole surface. When employed as anodes for SIBs, the obtained electrode shows a high capacity of 605.3 mAh g−1 at 330 mA g−1, and demonstrates a high capacity retention of 84.8% even at a high current density of 3300 mA g−1. The 3D nanowire arrayed Cu current collector in this work can offer a promising strategy for designing and building advanced alloy anodes for lithium/sodium storage.
Toward self‐driving processes: A deep reinforcement learning approach to control
Authors: Spielberg Steven , Tulsyan Aditya , Lawrence Nathan P. , Loewen Philip D. , Bhushan Gopaluni R. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAdvanced model‐based controllers are well established in process industries. However, such controllers require regular maintenance to maintain acceptable performance. It is a common practice to monitor controller performance continuously and to initiate a remedial model re‐identification procedure in the event of performance degradation. Such procedures are typically complicated and resource intensive, and they often cause costly interruptions to normal operations. In this article, we exploit recent developments in reinforcement learning and deep learning to develop a novel adaptive, model‐free controller for general discrete‐time processes. The deep reinforcement learning (DRL) controller we propose is a data‐based controller that learns the control policy in real time by merely interacting with the process. The effectiveness and benefits of the DRL controller are demonstrated through many simulations.
Study of the prognostic factor of the colon perforation case with the pan‐peritonitis that needed emergency surgery: a single‐center observational study
Authors: Nakamura Fumiko , Yui Rintaro , Muratsu Arisa , Sakuramoto Kazuhito , Muroya Takashi , Ikegawa Hitoshi , Kuwagata Yasuyuki 
Published: June 2019

AimWe divided patients treated with emergency surgery for pan‐peritonitis caused by colon perforation into the survival group and the death group based on outcome at postoperative day 30 and examined the prognostic factors for colon perforation.MethodsThe prognostic factors for colon perforation in 76 consecutive patients who underwent emergency surgery at Kansai Medical University Hospital (Hirakata, Japan) from April 2011 to March 2017 were investigated based on outcome at postoperative day 30.ResultsThe average age of the 76 patients (41 men/35 women) was 73 years, and the causative disease of colon perforation was malignant/benign in 18/58 cases, with ileocecal perforation site in 8 cases, ascending colon in 6, transverse colon in 2, descending colon in 4, sigmoid colon in 49, and rectum in 7. All patients received laparotomy with irrigation drainage, and 9 patients (11.8%) were dead at 30 days. Upon comparing the 67 survivors with the 9 dead patients, we recognized a significant difference on preoperative spread of ascites on computed tomography (CT) (P = 0.002) in univariate analysis and on acute disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) score (odds ratio 2.289; 95% confidence interval, 1.188–4.410; P = 0.013) in multivariate analysis.ConclusionIn our hospital, the preoperative acute DIC score was found to be a prognostic factor for colon perforation accompanied by pan‐peritonitis. Appropriate evaluation of the spread of ascites on the preoperative CT might also help predict patient prognosis.
NMR evaluation of montmorillonite's d‐spacings on the formation of phosphocarbonaceous species in intumescent systems
Authors: Pereira da Silva Ribeiro Simone , Carvalho Martins Raíssa , dos Santos Cescon Leonardo , Rocha de Moura Estevão Luciana , Chaer Nascimento Marco Antonio , Veiga Nascimento Regina Sandra 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTTo further investigate the influence of the d‐spacing of montmorillonite types derived from Cloisite Na on the process of the intumescent layer formation, composites of poly(ethylene‐co‐butylacrylate), EBA‐30, with an intumescent formulation consisting of ammonium polyphosphate and pentaerythritol were processed and heated at different temperatures. The residues were analyzed by 13C, 31P, and 27Al solid‐state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). 13C NMR peaks in the aromatic range of 100–150 ppm for samples heated at 350 °C suggest that the montmorillonites with smaller d‐spacing (13.5 and 21.8 Å) accounted for the greater amounts of condensed aromatic structures, leading to the char. For d‐spacing of 35 Å, the condensation of the polyaromatic structures occurs more slowly, retarding the char formation. The 27Al NMR peak around −15 ppm for samples heated at 280 °C indicates the destruction of montmorillonite structure, producing aluminophosphate species, meaning that the d‐spacing influences the reactions under this temperature. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 48053.
Flexible oligomeric silicon‐containing poly(ether‐azomethine)s obtained from epoxide derivatives. Synthesis and characterization
Authors: Tundidor‐Camba Alain , Araya Nélida , González‐Henríquez Carmen M. , Tagle Luis H. , Hauyon René A. , Sobarzo Patricio A. , Rodríguez‐González Fidel E. , Jessop Ignacio A. , Recabarren‐Gajardo Gonzalo , Terraza Claudio A. 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTThree new diamines derived from epoxide compounds were synthesized. The preparation of diamine monomers implied the reaction between a phenoxyalkyloxirane (alkyl: H, methyl, isopropyl) and bisphenol A, obtaining the respective aliphatic diols, which produced the corresponding dinitro derivatives. Finally, these derivatives were reduced by using palladium/carbon activated as catalyst and hydrazine as a hydrogen source. Then, six oligomeric poly(ether‐azomethine)s (PEAzMs) were obtained from a polycondensation reaction between the new diamines and bis(4‐formylbiphenyl‐4‐yl)dialkylsilane (alkyl: methyl, phenyl) with 84–93% yields. The structural characterization of the diamines and PEAzMs was performed by elemental analysis, infrared spectroscopy, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H, 13C, and 29Si). Furthermore, polymers were analyzed by solubility tests, gel permeation chromatography, ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis) spectroscopy, thermogravimetry, and differential scanning calorimetry analysis. The results showed PEAzMs with 2–11 repetitive units, where the design of the monomers allowed to obtain improved solution processability in comparison with previously reported silylated poly(azomethine)s and good thermal stability. Additionally, all samples showed high transparency in the UV–vis region. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 48055.
Metalloproteinases and their roles in human cancer
Authors: Roy Roopali , Morad Golnaz , Jedinak Andrej , Moses Marsha A. 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTIt is now widely appreciated that members of the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) family of enzymes play a key role in cancer development and progression along with many of the hallmarks associated with them. The activity of these enzymes has been directly implicated in extracellular matrix remodeling, the processing of growth factors and receptors, the modulation of cell migration, proliferation, and invasion, the epithelial to mesenchymal transition, the regulation of immune responses, and the control of angiogenesis. Certain MMP family members have been validated as biomarkers of a variety of human cancers including those of the breast, brain, pancreas, prostate, ovary, and others. The related metalloproteinases, the A disintegrin and metalloproteinases (ADAMs), share a number of these functions as well. Here, we explore these essential metalloproteinases and some of their disease‐associated activities in detail as well as some of their complementary translational potential. Anat Rec, 2019. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Identification of key genes and upstream regulators in ischemic stroke
Authors: Zhang Qian , Chen Wenjie , Chen Siqia , Li Shunxian , Wei Duncan , He Wenzhen 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIntroductionIschemic stroke (IS) causes severe neurological impairments and physical disabilities and has a high economic burden. Our study aims to identify the key genes and upstream regulators in IS by integrated microarray analysis.MethodsAn integrated analysis of microarray studies of IS was performed to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in IS compared to normal control. Based on these DEGs, we performed the functional annotation and transcriptional regulatory network constructions. Quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) was performed to verify the expression of DEGs.ResultsFrom two Gene Expression Omnibus datasets obtained, we obtained 1526 DEGs (534 up‐regulated and 992 down‐regulated genes) between IS and normal control. The results of functional annotation showed that Oxidative phosphorylation and Alzheimer's disease were significantly enriched pathways in IS. Top four transcription factors (TFs) with the most downstream genes including PAX4, POU2F1, ELK1, and NKX2‐5. The expression of six genes (ID3, ICAM2, DCTPP1, ANTXR2, DUSP1, and RGS2) was detected by qRT‐PCR. Except for DUSP1 and RGS2, the other four genes in qRT‐PCR played the same pattern with that in our integrated analysis.ConclusionsThe dysregulation of these six genes may involve with the process of ischemic stroke (IS). Four TFs (PAX4, POU2F1, ELK1 and NKX2‐5) were concluded to play a role in IS. Our finding provided clues for exploring mechanism and developing novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for IS.
Enhancing the Selectivity between Oxygen and Chlorine towards Chlorine during the Anodic Chlorine Evolution Reaction on a Dimensionally Stable Anode
Authors: Wintrich Daniela , Öhl Denis , Barwe Stefan , Ganassin Alberto , Möller Sandra , Tarnev Tsvetan , Botz Alexander , Ruff Adrian , Clausmeyer Jan , Masa Justus , Schuhmann Wolfgang 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe selectivity of the chlorine evolution reaction over the oxygen evolution reaction during the electrolysis of aqueous NaCl is, despite being very high, still insufficient to prevent expensive separation of the formed Cl2 and O2 by means of liquefaction. We hypothesize that, by decreasing the local activity of H2O near the anode surface by substantially increasing the ionic strength of the electrolyte, the oxygen evolution reaction would be suppressed, leading concomitantly to a higher selectivity of Cl2 over O2 formation. Hence, the influence of the ionic strength on the competition between electrochemical evolution of O2 and Cl2 at dimensionally stable anodes (DSAs) was investigated. Addition of a high concentration of NaNO3, an inert electrolyte additive, increases the selectivity for chlorine at high current density, as determined by means of online electrochemical mass spectrometry and UV‐vis spectroscopy. We propose conditions in which free water is suppressed, owing to under‐coordination of the solvation shells of ions, as a general concept to modulate the selectivity of competing electrochemical reactions.
Fatty Acid Quaternary Ammonium Surfactants Based on Renewable Resources as a Leveler for Copper Electroplating
Authors: Lv Jinge , Zhao Xuehua , Jie Xu , Li Jun , Wei Xiaochuan , Chen Biao , Hong Gang , Wu Wenjun , Wang Limin 
Published: June 2019

AbstractInvited for this month's cover picture is the group of Prof. Limin Wang from East China University of Science and Technology (China). The cover picture shows a new leveler for copper electroplating from fatty acid quaternary ammonium surfactant, which is based on renewable resources. Electrochemical evaluation shows that, at the same concentration, the new leveler has excellent inhibition of electrodeposition, whereas the commercial leveler Janus Green B only weakly inhibits the electrodeposition process. Read the full text of the Article at 10.1002/celc.201900116.
A Multiresponsive Hydrophobic Associating Hydrogel Based on Azobenzene and Spiropyran
Authors: Liu Anqi , Xiong Chenxiao , Ma Xiaoying , Ma Wenjing , Sun Ruyi 
Published: June 2019

Summary of main observation and conclusionStimuli‐responsive hydrogels crosslinked by weak noncovalent bonds such as hydrogen bonds, ionic interactions, host‐guest interactions and hydrophobic interactions have been extensively investigated. Herein, azobenzene and spiropyran acting as two hydrophobic pendant groups were introduced into a hydrophilic polyacrylamide (PAM)viafree radical copolymerization to construct a hydrophobic interaction based thermo‐, light‐ responsive polymer hydrogel. Its viscosity and color could be reversibly regulated by heating and cooling. Meanwhile, its color could be specifically switched by light without obvious viscosity change. The gel was also capable of being transited to sol by addition of β‐cyclodextrin (β‐CD), which encaged the hydrophobic groups and then increased the solubility of polymer in water. The hydrogel could be regained after UV irradiation atλ= 365 nm, and after irradiation atλ= 440 nm, the hydrogel changed into a clear sol again.
Synaptic connectivity of urinary bladder afferents in the rat superficial dorsal horn and spinal parasympathetic nucleus
Authors: Park Sook Kyung , Devi Angom Pushparani , Bae Jin Young , Cho Yi Sul , Ko Hyoung‐Gon , Kim Duk Yoon , Bae Yong Chul 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThat visceral sensory afferents are functionally distinct from their somatic analogues has been known for a long time but the detailed knowledge of their synaptic connections and neurotransmitters at the first relay nucleus in the spinal cord has been limited. To provide information on these topics, we investigated the synapses and neurotransmitters of identified afferents from the urinary bladder to the superficial laminae of the rat spinal dorsal horn (DH) and the spinal parasympathetic nucleus (SPN) by tracing with horseradish peroxidase, quantitative electron microscopical analysis, and immunogold staining for GABA and glycine. In the DH, most bladder afferent boutons formed synapses with 1–2 postsynaptic dendrites, whereas in the SPN, close to a half of them formed synapses with 3–8 postsynaptic dendrites. The number of postsynaptic dendrites and dendritic spines per bladder afferent bouton, both measures of synaptic divergence and of potential for synaptic plasticity at a single bouton level, were significantly higher in the SPN than in the DH. Bladder afferent boutons frequently received inhibitory axoaxonic synapses from presynaptic endings in the DH but rarely in the SPN. The presynaptic endings were GABA‐ and/or glycine‐immunopositive. The bouton volume, mitochondrial volume, and active zone area, all determinants of synaptic strength, of the bladder afferent boutons were positively correlated with the number of postsynaptic dendrites. These findings suggest that visceral sensory information conveyed via the urinary bladder afferents is processed differently in the DH than in the SPN, and differently from the way somatosensory information is processed in the spinal cord.
Design and synthesis of 2‐hydroxyl‐4‐methoxyl‐3‐(3‐methylbut‐2‐en‐1‐yl)‐6‐(4‐phenylbenzoylamino)benzoic acid derivatives as antibacterial agents based on cajaninstilbene acid scaffold hopping
Authors: Zheng Chang , Hou Wen , Liu Jun , Xu Xiao‐Fang , Lin Jing , Sun Ping‐Hua , Chen Wei‐Min 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe prevalence of multidrug resistance among clinically significant bacterial pathogens underlines a critical need for the development of new classes of antibacterial agents with novel structural scaffolds. Cajaninstilbene acid (CSA), which is isolated from pigeonpea leaves, has shown potent antibacterial activity. In this study, a series of 2‐hydroxyl‐4‐methoxyl‐3‐(3‐methylbut‐2‐en‐1‐yl)‐6‐(4‐phenylbenzoylamino)benzoic acid derivatives derived from CSA were designed and synthesized, and their antibacterial activities were evaluated. Several synthesized compounds exhibit better antibacterial activity than CSA against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and two strains of methicillin‐resistant S. aureus. Meanwhile, the results of 3‐[4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl]‐2,5‐diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assays illustrate the good selectivity between bacteria and normal cells of the most active compounds 6u and 6v. Furthermore, well combinations with bacterial RNA polymerase of 6u arising from docking study imply the possible mechanism of antibacterial activity of these synthetic compounds.
Electrochemical Derivatization of Acetaminophen for Indirect Determination of Eflornithine Using β‐CD Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode
Authors: Barnaji Bahareh Feyzi , Salehzadeh Hamid , Darbasizadeh Behzad , Dinarvand Rassoul , Salimi Abdollah , Mohammadi Ali 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIn the present work, the oxidation of acetaminophen in the absence and presence of eflornithine was electrochemically investigated by means of cyclic voltammetry at a glassy carbon electrode (GCE). Our results indicate that N‐acetyl‐p‐benzoquinone imine (NAPQI) produced from two‐electron electrochemical oxidation of acetaminophen participates in a Michael addition reaction with eflornithine via an ECE mechanism. This fact was used for the determination of eflornithine using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) technique on the surface of β‐Cyclodextrin modified glassy carbon (β‐CD/GC) electrode. β‐CD/GC electrode was prepared through an electrodeposition procedure and characterized by Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), Cyclic Voltammetry (CV), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) and Energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDS) techniques. Under optimum conditions, the β‐CD/GC electrode showed a good linearity as a function of the eflornithine concentration over the range from 5 to 100 μM with detection limit and quantification limit of 1.94 and 5.8 μM, respectively. Finally, the proposed protocol was confirmed to be successful in determination of eflornithine in human urine samples with good recovery, ranging from 97.2 % to 104.8 %.