bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring PubMed as a reliable resource for scholarly communications services
Authors: Ossom Williamson Peace , Minter Christian I. J. 
Published: January 2019

Objective: PubMed’s provision of MEDLINE and other National Library of Medicine (NLM) resources has made it one of the most widely accessible biomedical resources globally. The growth of PubMed Central (PMC) and public access mandates have affected PubMed’s composition. The authors tested recent claims that content in PMC is of low quality and affects PubMed’s reliability, while exploring PubMed’s role in the current scholarly communications landscape.Methods: The percentage of MEDLINE-indexed records was assessed in PubMed and various subsets of records from PMC. Data were retrieved via the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) interface, and follow-up interviews with a PMC external reviewer and staff at NLM were conducted.Results: Almost all PubMed content (91%) is indexed in MEDLINE; however, since the launch of PMC, the percentage of PubMed records indexed in MEDLINE has slowly decreased. This trend is the result of an increase in PMC content from journals that are not indexed in MEDLINE and not a result of author manuscripts submitted to PMC in compliance with public access policies. Author manuscripts in PMC continue to be published in MEDLINE-indexed journals at a high rate (85%). The interviewees clarified the difference between the sources, with MEDLINE serving as a highly selective index of journals in biomedical literature and PMC serving as an open archive of quality biomedical and life sciences literature and a repository of funded research.Conclusion: The differing scopes of PMC and MEDLINE will likely continue to affect their overlap; however, quality control exists in the maintenance and facilitation of both resources, and funding from major grantors is a major component of quality assurance in PMC. This article has been approved for the Medical Library Association’s Independent Reading Program.
Muscle Dysfunction and Walking Impairment in Women with Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Willingham T. Bradley , Backus Deborah , McCully Kevin K. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Background:
Recent evidence suggests that skeletal muscle dysfunction is involved in disability progression in people with multiple sclerosis (MS). However, the relationship between muscle dysfunction and walking impairments in MS remains unclear. Thus, the cross-sectional relationships between muscle-specific oxidative capacity and walking endurance in women with MS were evaluated.

Methods:
Twenty women with MS (11 African American, 9 white) were tested. Muscle oxidative capacity of the medial gastrocnemius was measured using near-infrared spectroscopy after electrical stimulation. Muscle endurance was evaluated using accelerometer-based mechanomyography during electrical stimulation. Muscle strength was measured during maximal voluntary plantarflexion using handheld dynamometry. Walking function was measured using the Timed 25-Foot Walk test and the 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT).

Results:
Reduced muscle oxidative capacity (R2 = 0.68–0.71, P &lt; .01) and muscle endurance (R2 = 0.59–0.78, P &lt; .01) were associated with lower Timed 25-Foot Walk time and 6MWT distance. Muscle strength was weakly correlated to 6MWT distance (R2 = 0.21, P = .02). No differences in muscle function or clinical outcome measures were found between African American and white subgroups. Women with moderate-to-severe disability (Expanded Disability Status Scale [EDSS] score, 5.0–6.5) had significantly reduced muscle oxidative capacity, muscle endurance, and walking ability compared with women with mild disability (EDSS score, 2.5–4.5).

Conclusions:
Reductions in muscle function in people with MS are related to declines in walking function across all levels of disability. Muscle dysfunction is not differentially related to walking impairment in African American and white women with MS.
Osmanlı Devleti’nin Düzen Arayışı: Anayasal Düşünce Gelişiminin Dinamikleri / Ottoman State’s Quest for Order: Dynamics of Constitutional Thought Development
Authors: Tekin Zeki , Okumuş Gülnaz 
Published: January 2019

<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>Mankind has put forth a special effort to ensure the order of society since the very beginning of it. The Ottoman State, has always ensured the public and social order like other Islamic states in the light of Allah's commandments. However, the present order started deteriorating due to dwindling basic principles (justice, merit, consultancy ...) with time which were imposed by the Shariah Law; to which the Ottoman Empire was subjected.</p><p>The radical developments in the political, economic, social and legal fields that took place in Europe had affected the Ottoman State seriously like other states. Under the influence of all these internal and external dynamics, the Ottoman Empire started quest for a new order and attempted to bring a series of reforms under the name of westernization or modernization. Thus in the Ottoman State, besides these reform movements, the idea of creating a constitution had also emerged.</p><p>This study tries to find out the internal and external dynamics in the formation of Kanun-ı Esasi which was the first constitution of the Ottoman Empire in the modern sense and the consequences of this quest for order.</p><p><strong>Öz</strong></p><p>İnsanoğlu, var olduğundan beri yaşadığı toplumun düzenini temin edebilmek için özel bir çaba göstermiştir. Kuruluşu itibariyle Ortaçağ devletlerinden olan Osmanlı Devleti, diğer İslam devletleri gibi kamu ve toplum düzenini her zaman Allah’ın hükümleri doğrultusunda tesis etmiştir. Ancak Osmanlının tâbi olduğu şer’i hukukun vaz ettiği temel prensiplerin (adalet, liyakat, meşveret…) zamanla göz ardı edilmesi ile mevcut düzen bozulmaya başlamıştır.</p><p>Avrupa’da meydana gelen siyasal, ekonomik, toplumsal ve hukuk alanlarındaki köklü gelişmeler Osmanlı Devleti’ni ciddi anlamda etkilemiştir. Tüm bu iç ve dış dinamiklerin tesiriyle yeni düzen arayışına giren Osmanlı Devleti, batıcılık ya da modernleşme adı altında bir dizi reform teşebbüslerinde bulunmuştur. Osmanlı Devleti’nde bu reform hareketlerine paralel olarak bir anayasa oluşturma düşüncesi de böylece ortaya çıkmıştır.</p><p>Bu çalışmada Osmanlının modern anlamda ilk anayasası olan Kanun-ı Esasi’nin oluşumuna kaynaklık eden iç ve dış dinamiklerin neler olduğu ve bunların tesirleri ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır.</p>
Functional polymorphisms of the APOA1/C3/A4/A5-ZPR1-BUD13 gene cluster are associated with dyslipidemia in a sex-specific pattern
Authors: Bai Wei , Kou Changgui , Zhang Lili , You Yueyue , Yu Weiying , Hua Wanqing , Li Yuanyuan , Yu Yaqin , Zhao Tiancheng , Wu Yanhua 
Published: January 2019

BackgroundDyslipidemia contributes to the risk of many diseases, including stroke, cardiovascular disease and metabolic-related diseases. Previous studies have indicated that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are associated with different levels of serum lipid. Therefore, this study explored the relationship between theAPOA1/C3/A4/A5-ZPR1-BUD13gene cluster gene polymorphisms and dyslipidemia in the total sample population and stratified by genders in a northeast Chinese population.MethodsA total of 3,850 participants from Jilin Province, China, were enrolled in our study, and their serum lipid levels were measured. Six functional SNPs (APOA1rs5072,APOC3rs5128,APOA4rs5104,APOA5rs651821,ZPR1rs2075294 andBUD13rs10488698) were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction and MALDI-TOF-MS. Logistic regression analysis was performed to explore the relationship ofAPOA1/C3/A4/A5-ZPR1-BUD13gene cluster gene polymorphisms with dyslipidemia. Linkage disequilibrium and haplotype analyses were performed with the SNPStats program and Haploview software.ResultsAll SNPs conformed to Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium. Logistic regression analysis revealed that rs5072, rs5128 and rs651821 were associated with hypertriglyceridemia, rs5104 and rs651821 were associated with low-HDL cholesterolemia in overall group. rs651821 was associated with hypertriglyceridemia and low-HDL cholesterolemia in both the male and female group. However, among females, rs5072 was observed to be associated with hypertriglyceridemia. Haplotype analysis showed that haplotypes TGCCGC and CAGCGC were associated with dyslipidemia in the overall, male and female groups.ConclusionSNPs in theAPOA1/C3/A4/A5-ZPR1-BUD13gene cluster were associated with dyslipidemia. Furthermore, the association ofAPOA1rs5072 in this gene cluster with dyslipidemia differed between genders; thus, additional studies are needed to confirm this conclusion, and the mechanisms underlying these results warrant further exploration.
The effects of ketamine on suicidality across various formulations and study settings
Authors: Dadiomov David , Lee Kelly 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Introduction
Suicidality and self-injurious behavior afflict patients with a wide variety of psychiatric illnesses. Currently, there are few pharmacologic treatments for suicidality and self-injurious behavior and none that treat these conditions emergently. Recently, ketamine has demonstrated efficacy in treating both depression and acute suicidal ideation. An increasing usage of ketamine, of a variety of formulations, has been studied for these indications. This article reviews the evidence for use of ketamine in self-injurious behavior and suicidality.

Methods
A review of the MEDLINE database for articles relating to ketamine, self-injurious behavior, suicidality, and self-harm was conducted. Additional articles were assessed via cross-reference.

Results
A total of 24 articles that included clinical trials, meta-analyses, case series, and case reports were analyzed. The majority of studies of ketamine for suicidal ideation include the intravenous route using a dose of 0.5 mg/kg over 40 minutes. These studies suggest that intravenous ketamine may be effective at reducing suicidal ideation acutely. Data on use of ketamine in the intramuscular, intranasal, and oral forms are limited and of poorer quality. Studies on these formulations contain greater variability of positive and negative results of ketamine for reducing suicidality and self-injurious behavior. The durability of the antisuicidal effects across all formulations is limited.

Discussion
Ketamine may be an effective option for the treatment of suicidal ideation in patients across inpatient, outpatient, or emergent settings. At this time, more research is needed on the efficacy of ketamine across all formulations being used in clinical practice.
Propranolol for mirtazapine-induced akathisia: Single case report
Authors: Koller Katherine 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Despite psychomotor restlessness and akathisia being an occasionally reported side effect of antidepressants as a class, and mirtazapine specifically, there is no general consensus on the best treatment approach. Propranolol may prove to be an effective treatment approach in patients who are not candidates for alternative therapies.
Conviviality groups for elderly people in primary health care: contributions to active aging / Grupo de convivência para idosos na atenção primária à saúde: contribuições para o envelhecimento ativo
Authors: Previato Giselle Fernanda , Nogueira Iara Sescon , Luís Mincoff Raquel Cristina , Jaques André Estevam , Carreira Lígia , Baldissera Vanessa Denardi Antoniassi 
Published: January 2019

Objetivo: Analisar as contribuições do grupo de convivência de idosos para o envelhecimento ativo na perspectiva de seus participantes. Metodologia: Estudo qualitativo, exploratório-descritivo, realizado com 14 idosos participantes de um grupo de convivência de uma Unidade Básica de Saúde. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas, submetidas a análise de conteúdo de Bardin e analisadas à luz da Política de Envelhecimento Ativo. Resultados: Emergiram três categorias temáticas: “Grupo de convivência como oportunidade de lazer socializante para idosos”; “Grupo de Convivência como espaço de aprendizagem para os idosos”; “A importância do Grupo de Convivência no processo de promoção da saúde e envelhecimento ativo dos idosos”. Conclusão: A percepção dos idosos frente a participação no grupo de convivência remeteu a momentos de lazer, socialização, aprendizado e melhora da saúde física e mental, contribuindo para ampliar a qualidade de vida enquanto envelhecimento ativo.
Educational technology on oral contraception: construction shared with nurses reproductive assistance / Tecnologia educacional sobre contracepção oral: construção compartilhada com enfermeiros da assistência reprodutiva
Authors: Souza Teixeira Lorena Francielly , Rodrigues Ivaneide Leal Ataide , Nogueira Laura Maria Vidal 
Published: January 2019

Objetivo: descrever conhecimentos e práticas de enfermeiros no contexto da contracepção oral e construir, de forma compartilhada, uma tecnologia educacional. Metodologia: a pesquisa foi desenvolvida em 09 Unidades da Estratégia Saúde da Família, pertencentes ao município de Ananindeua, localizado na Região Metropolitana de Belém – Pará, tendo como participantes 21 enfermeiros. A coleta de dados ocorreu no período de agosto a novembro de 2015 por meio de entrevista individual com roteiro semi-estruturado e para análise utilizou-se a técnica de análise de conteúdo. Resultados: Contatou-se que os enfermeiros têm amplo conhecimento com relação à contracepção oral. E suas práticas, embora pertinentes ao que está preconizado para essa clientela, encontram-se dificultadas pelas condições de trabalho em suas Unidades. Conclusão: os enfermeiros contribuíram no conteúdo e forma da tecnologia educacional pois consideraram pertinente a sua utilização como importante ferramenta para a educação em saúde.
Fabrication of a Cu‐Cone‐Shaped Cation Source Inserted Conductive Bridge Random Access Memory and Its Improved Switching Reliability
Authors: Kim Hae Jin , Park Tae Hyung , Yoon Kyung Jean , Seong Won Mo , Jeon Jeong Woo , Kwon Young Jae , Kim Yumin , Kwon Dae Eun , Kim Gil Seop , Ha Tae Jung , Kim Soo Gil , Yoon Jung Ho , Hwang Cheol Seong 
Published: January 2019

AbstractConductive bridge random access memory (CBRAM) has been regarded as a promising candidate for the next‐generation nonvolatile memory technology. Even with the great performance of CBRAM, the global generation and overinjection of cations after much repetitive switching cannot be prevented. The overinjection of cations into an electrolyte layer causes high‐resistance‐state resistance (RHRS) degradation, on/off ratio reduction, and eventual switching failure. It also degrades the switching uniformity. In this work, a Cu‐cone‐structure‐embedded TiN/TiO2/Cu cone/TiN device is fabricated to alleviate the problems of Cu‐based CBRAM, mentioned above. The fabrication method of the device, which is useful for laboratory scale experiment, is developed, and its superior switching performance and reliability compared with the conventional planar device. The insertion of the Cu cone structure allows the placement of only a limited amount of cation source in each cell, and the embedded conical structure also concentrates the applied electric field, which enables filament growth control. Furthermore, the concentrated field localizes the resistive switching on the tip area of the cone structure, which makes the effective switching area about tens of nanometers even for the much larger area of the entire electrode (several µm2).
Functionalization of PLLA with Polymer Brushes to Trigger the Assembly of Fibronectin into Nanonetworks
Authors: Sprott Mark Robert , Gallego‐Ferrer Gloria , Dalby Matthew J. , Salmerón‐Sánchez Manuel , Cantini Marco 
Published: January 2019

AbstractPoly‐l‐lactic acid (PLLA) has been used as a biodegradable polymer for many years; the key characteristics of this polymer make it a versatile and useful resource for regenerative medicine. However, it is not inherently bioactive. Thus, here, a novel process is presented to functionalize PLLA surfaces with poly(ethyl acrylate) (PEA) brushes to provide biological functionality through PEA's ability to induce spontaneous organization of the extracellular matrix component fibronectin (FN) into physiological‐like nanofibrils. This process allows control of surface biofunctionality while maintaining PLLA bulk properties (i.e., degradation profile, mechanical strength). The new approach is based on surface‐initiated atomic transfer radical polymerization, which achieves a molecularly thin coating of PEA on top of the underlying PLLA. Beside surface characterization via atomic force microscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and water contact angle to measure PEA grafting, the biological activity of this surface modification is investigated. PEA brushes trigger FN organization into nanofibrils, which retain their ability to enhance adhesion and differentiation of C2C12 cells. The results demonstrate the potential of this technology to engineer controlled microenvironments to tune cell fate via biologically active surface modification of an otherwise bioinert biodegradable polymer, gaining wide use in tissue engineering applications.
MZI‐Based All‐Optical Modulator Using MXene Ti3C2Tx(T = F, O, or OH) Deposited Microfiber
Authors: Wu Qing , Chen Si , Wang Yunzheng , Wu Leiming , Jiang Xiantao , Zhang Feng , Jin Xinxin , Jiang Quanyu , Zheng Zheng , Li Jianqing , Zhang Meng , Zhang Han 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAs a new class of 2D materials, MXenes have attracted a lot of interest because of their prominent performance in versatile applications, such as batteries, supercapacitors, catalysts, electronics, and optics. In this work, an all‐optical modulator using MXene Ti3C2Txdeposited on a microfiber is proposed. By inserting an MXene‐deposited phase shifter into one arm of a Mach–Zehnder interferometer, the MXene Ti3C2Txabsorbs the control light and generates heat, which induces significant refractive index changes through strong light–matter interactions and thermo‐optic effects. In this study, a maximum phase shift of 16π is obtained, and an efficient all‐optical switch with an extinction ratio of more than 18.53 dB and a rise time constant of 4.10 ms are demonstrated. The advantages of this modulator include its all‐fiber content, low cost, ease of integration, and compactness. All‐optical modulators based on thermo‐optical effects will play an active role in the future of optical communications and optical information processing.
Novel Porous Boron Nitride Nanosheet with Carbon Doping: Potential Metal‐Free Photocatalyst for Visible‐Light‐Driven Overall Water Splitting
Authors: Wan Qiang , Wei Fenfei , Ma Zuju , Anpo Masakazu , Lin Sen 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe band gap of hexagonal boron nitride (h‐BN) is far too wide for efficiently utilizing visible light, limiting its application in photocatalysis. The present study employs first principles calculations to demonstrate that the band gap energies of porous h‐BN (p‐BN) can be tuned by carbon doping to levels appropriate for the absorption of visible‐light, and that the conduction band and valence band match well with the potentials of both hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions. Importantly, a strategy of carbon doping to improve the energy level of valence band maximum is also proposed. Moreover, the carbon‐doped p‐BN exhibits good separation between photogenerated electrons/holes and structural stability at high temperatures. The DFT results help the design of high‐performance two‐dimensional photocatalysts that avoid the use of metals.
Long‐term effect of arsenic exposure: Results from an occupational cohort study
Authors: Gianicolo Emilio Antonio L. , Mangia Cristina , Cervino Marco , Bruni Antonella , Portaluri Maurizio , Comba Pietro , Pirastu Roberta , Biggeri Annibale , Vigotti Mariangela , Blettner Maria 
Published: January 2019

BackgroundIn 1976 in Manfredonia (Italy), arsenic was released into the atmosphere due to an accident in a petrochemical plant. We aimed to analyze the mortality of workers involved in the factory for the site cleaning activities.MethodsThe cohort consisted of 1467 workers grouped into contract, fertilizer, and plastic workers. The outcome of interest was mortality for specific causes. Standardized mortality ratios (SMR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were computed.ResultsFor all workers and all causes of death combined, the SMR was less than 1.0. Mortality ratios were increased for malignant neoplasms of the pleura, bone and melanoma of the skin. Contract workers, the group mostly exposed to arsenic, showed statistically significant SMRs for several malignancies, in particular for lung cancer (SMR = 1.26; 95%CI: 1.05‐1.54).ConclusionsOverall, the results reported here on mortality among persons occupationally exposed to arsenic are consistent with the literature and biologically plausible.
Nasal branch of the anterior ethmoid artery: a consistent landmark for a midline approach to the frontal sinus
Authors: Sahu Nivedita , Casiano Roy R. 
Published: January 2019

BackgroundFrontal sinusotomy can be challenging when significant scarring or distorted anatomy is present. Identifying a reliable anatomic structure, when traditional landmarks or navigation are absent, may assist the surgeon in revision and complicated frontal sinusotomies via a midline approach. We aimed to characterize the anatomic relationship of the nasal branch of the anterior ethmoid artery (NBAEA) to the frontal infundibulum, specifically the first olfactory fili, posterior frontal infundibulum, and anterior cribriform plate.MethodsDissection of the NBAEA was carried out in 11 cadaveric heads, resulting in a total of 21 dissections (1 aplastic frontal). Mean with standard deviation and a range were established for 7 relative measurements.ResultsThe total length of NBAEA cleft when present (mean 2.43 mm), the anterior edge of NBAEA cleft to anterior infundibulum coronal plane (mean 1.71 mm), the posterior edge of NBAEA cleft to posterior infundibulum coronal plane (mean 3.33 mm), the posterior edge of NBAEA cleft to 1st olfactory fili (mean 2.86 mm), and the first olfactory fili to posterior infundibulum coronal plane (mean 0.48 mm) were consistent measurements supporting the use of the NBAEA as a consistent anatomical landmark for the correct surgical coronal trajectory into the midline frontal sinus.ConclusionThe NBAEA is a consistent anatomic landmark with minimal intercadaveric and intracadaveric variation. It can be used reliably as a “sentinel artery” notifying the surgeon when one is approaching the first olfactory fili, to determine the correct trajectory into the midline frontal sinus.