bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Good Governance and Canadian universities: Fiduciary duties of university governing boards and their implications for shared collegial governance.
Authors: Shanahan Theresa Gemma 
Published: February 2019

Using a legal framework, doctrinal analysis, critical legal analysis, and fundamental legal research and drawing upon legislation, case law, judicial, and scholarly commentary, this article defines the fiduciary duties of Canadian university governing boards given the unique features of the university as a legal entity. Thelegal analysis considers the Canadian university as a corporation, distinguishing itfrom other types of corporations, identifying the charitable, not-for-profit, public/private dimensions of universities in Canada, and significantly, considering the judicially recognized “community of scholars” and collegial features of universities. The article argues that all of these features shape the fiduciary duties of governing boards and have implications for shared collegial governance in Canadian universities.
Clinician and Staff Perceptions of Barriers to Providing Contraception in Primary Care
Authors: Cowen Lauren , Hartman Scott G. , Loomis Elizabeth , Srinivasan Sukanya , Gasbarro Christina , Young Jocelyn 
Published: February 2019

Introduction: Short interpregnancy periods increase the likelihood of preterm delivery and low birth weight,1 both of which are significant causes of infant morbidity and mortality.2 Since nearly half of pregnancies in the United States are unplanned,3 opportunities exist to better understand barriers to contraceptive services. Studying these barriers as perceived by clinical staff can better guide programs to improve interpregnancy spacing.
Methods: Between September and November 2017, 76 staff and 95 primary care clinicians from two family medicine residency practices (Highland Family Medicine (HFM) in Rochester, New York and St Margaret Family Medicine (SM) in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania) completed surveys. Questions assessed perceived barriers to providing contraceptive services, contraception knowledge, and opportunities for improvement. Survey-based analysis focused on comparative descriptive statistics between staff and provider responses.
Results: Clinicians ranked side effects and patient lack of awareness and misconceptions about contraceptive methods more highly than staff (P=0.0073 and P=0.0001, respectively). Staff identified childcare and work absence as more significant barriers (P=0.0114 and P=0.0380, respectively). Providers felt appointment timing was the largest constraint to contraceptive care. Staff perceived financial limitations and scheduling to be the top barriers. Nonclinician staff exhibited significant knowledge gaps regarding contraception.
Conclusions: Numerous modifiable barriers contribute to difficulty providing contraceptive services. Providers and staff largely agree on the perceived barriers, but there is a significant gap in nonclinician staff knowledge of contraception. Education can address one of the leading concerns, but improvement efforts should also address areas such as availability of devices, scheduling issues, and resident supervision.
Primary Care Tracks in Medical Schools
Authors: Williams Maribeth P. , Agana Denny Fe , Rooks Benjamin J. , Harrell Grant , Klassen Rosemary A. , Hatch Robert , Malouin Rebecca A. , Carek Peter J. 
Published: February 2019

Introduction: With the estimated future shortage of primary care physicians there is a need to recruit more medical students into family medicine. Longitudinal programs or primary care tracks in medical schools have been shown to successfully recruit students into primary care. The aim of this study was to examine the characteristics of primary care tracks in departments of family medicine.
Methods: Data were collected as part of the 2016 CERA Family Medicine Clerkship Director Survey. The survey included questions regarding the presence and description of available primary care tracks as well as the clerkship director’s perception of impact. The survey was distributed via email to 125 US and 16 Canadian family medicine clerkship directors.
Results: The response rate was 86%. Thirty-five respondents (29%) reported offering a longitudinal primary care track. The majority of tracks select students on a competitive basis, are directed by family medicine educators, and include a wide variety of activities. Longitudinal experience in primary care ambulatory settings and primary care faculty mentorship were the most common activities. Almost 70% of clerkship directors believe there is a positive impact on students entering primary care.
Conclusions: The current tracks are diverse in what they offer and could be tailored to the missions of individual medical schools. The majority of clerkship directors reported that they do have a positive impact on students entering primary care.
DETERMINATION SUBSURFACE ROCKS USING RESISTIVITY GEOELECTRICITY IN PAMAH PAKU KUTAMBARU LANGKAT REGENCY
Authors: Juliani Rita , Sembiring Hengki 
Published: February 2019

Abstrak Telah dilakukan penelitian geolistrik untuk menentukan batuan bawah permukaan di daerah Pamah Paku Kutambaru Kabupaten Langkat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis dan penyebaran batuan bawah permukaan berdasarkan nilai resistivitasnya di daerah Pamah Paku Kutambaru Kabupaten Langkat. Penentuan jenis batuan bawah permukaan dilakukan dengan menggunakan alat geolistrik ARES (Automatic Resistivity System) dengan metode Schlumberger sebanyak 12 lintasan dan panjang lintasannya 155 meter. Nilai resistivitas bawah permukaan diolah menggunakan software Res2Dinv didapatkan penampang dua dimensi. Penyebaran batuan dilakukan dengan menggunakan software surfer8 untuk mengetahui penyebarannya hingga kedalaman 28 meter. Hasil penelitian geolistrik menunjukkan terdapat batu gamping di kedalaman 15 meter hingga 28 meter dengan nilai resistivitas 500 Ωm hingga 10000 Ωm. Dari permukaan hingga kedalaman 10 meter dengan nilai resistivitas antara 100 Ωm hingga 500 Ωm didominasi oleh batu tufa. Kata Kunci: Pamah Paku, Geolistrik, Res2dinV, Surfer8, Batu gamping
Understanding the layers of a market-oriented organisational culture
Authors: Byrne Jacqueline , Dwyer Tomás , Doyle Declan 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Organisations with market-oriented cultures outperform other organisations. Thus, the creation of such a culture is paramount. This paper details how distinct layers of an organisation’s culture can in combination influence market-oriented behaviours. The importance of organisational culture in the successful implementation of a market orientation strategy has been recognised. However, an awareness of how the layers of organisational culture, such as values, norms and artefacts, can contribute to market-oriented behaviour is still under research. The layers of organisational culture were thus investigated in three mixed-method case studies of Irish companies utilising a questionnaire survey, interviews and observations. The core conclusion of the study is that the combined synergistic effect of the particular unique organisational cultural layers in a company encourages market-oriented behaviours. This research adds necessary details for managers who seek to develop and create a market-oriented culture to improve company performance.
Patient Safety: A Deep Concern to Caregivers
Authors: Mohiuddin AK 
Published: February 2019

Patient safety is a global concern and is the most important domains of health-care quality. Medical error is a major patient safety concern, causing increase in health-care cost due to mortality, morbidity, or prolonged hospital stay. A definition for patient safety has emerged from the health care quality movement that is equally abstract, with various approaches to the more concrete essential components. Patient safety was defined by the IOM as “the prevention of harm to patients.” Emphasis is placed on the system of care delivery that prevents errors; learns from the errors that do occur; and is built on a culture of safety that involves health care professionals, organizations, and patients. Patient safety culture is a complex phenomenon. Patient safety culture assessments, required by international accreditation organizations, allow healthcare organizations to obtain a clear view of the patient safety aspects requiring urgent attention, identify the strengths and weaknesses of their safety culture, help care giving units identify their existing patient safety problems, and benchmark their scores with other hospitals.

Article Type: Commentary
Analisis “Car-Free Days” Berdasarkan Persepsi Pengunjung Dalam Konteks Perubahan Perilaku Penggunaan Kendaraan Pribadi Studi Kasus :Car-Free Days Jalan Ir. H. Juanda (Dago)
Authors: Saputra Isro 
Published: February 2019

Car-Free Days menjadi konsep yang sangat popular di banyak kota-kota besar didunia, konsep ini sangat diminati karena tidak menggunakan cara paksaan dalam membiasakan masyarakat untuk tidak menggunakan kendaraan pribadi. Car-Free Days di Kota Bandung yang sangat popular dimasyarakatadalah Car-Free Days Jl Ir H Juanda (Dago), Car-Free Days ini selalu dipadati pengunjung untuk sekedar menikmati suasana pagi tanpa kendaraan. Dalam berjalannya Car-Free Days Dago terdapat permasalahan yang bertolak belakang dengan tujuannya yaitu banyaknya jumlah pengunjung Car-Free Days ternyata tidak sedikit yang masih menggunakan kendaraan pribadi (motor dan mobil), sehingga Car-Free Days Dago menarik dan membangkitkan lalu lintas kendaraan yang cukup tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis Car-Free Days dalam merubah perilaku penggunaan kendaraan pribadi yang berdasarkan pada penilaian pengunjung, adapun beberapa variabel yang digunakan yaitu karakteristik perjalanan pengunjung, pengetahuan/persepsi terhadap Car Free Days, dan penilaian terhadap kemampuan Car-Free Days untuk mengurangi penggunaan kendaraan pribadi. Studi ini menggunakan metoda deskriptif kuantitatif, selanjutnya menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif dalam menganalisis hasildari proses tabulasi silang (Crosstab) dan Uji Chi Square. Hasil analisis menujukkan bahwa sebagian besar pengunjung menilai Car-Free Days belum secara baik merubah perilaku masyarakat dalam menggunakan kendaraan pribadi, faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi penilaian pengunjung hanya persepsi terhadap dampak positif Car-Free Days, teridentifikasinya bahwa sebagian besar pengunjung masihmenggunakan kendaraan pribadi dalam mengunjungi Car-Free Days, dan mayoritas masyarakat sudah mengetahui tujuan dari Car-Free Days dalam merubah perilaku penggunaan kendaraan pribadi tetapi faktanya masih banyak masyarakat yang menggunakan kendaraan pribadi. Kata kunci :Car-Free Days, kendaraan pribadi, perilaku
Labour market precarity and political alienation
Authors: Kiersztyn Anna 
Published: February 2019

The object of this article is to analyse the relationship between labour market precarity and political attitudes in Poland. I address the following research question: how do people in economically insecure employment differ from other workers in terms of electoral participation, self-reported interest in politics, and adherence to democratic principles? My analyses are based on quantitative data from the sixth wave of the Polish Panel Survey (POLPAN), conducted in 2013 on a nationally representative sample of adults aged 21 and above. The study found strong associations between indicators of labour market precarity observed at the time of the POLPAN survey and the dependent variables. However, most of these relationships disappear in regression models controlling for the other socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents. It appears that the lack of interest in politics and higher scepticism towards democracy among members of the precariat may not be due to labour market insecurity as such, but rather determined by such factors as younger age, a lower level of education, and lower household income.
Structural, morphological and antimicrobial activity of pure and aluminum doped zinc sulfide nanoparticles
Authors: M Sathishkumar , M Saroja , V Venkatachalam 
Published: February 2019

Undoped and Aluminum (Al) doped Zinc Sulphide (ZnS) Nanoparticles (NPs) has been prepared by chemical co- precipitation method using plant zinc sulphate, Aluminum sulphate and Thiourea . The X-Ray Powder Diffraction (XRD) studies reveals Cubic structure for undoped and Aluminum doped ZnS NPs. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images shows formation of smooth surfaced ZnS NPs and average particles size was found in the range of 17 nm from the result the Aluminum doped ZnS were influenced to increase ZnS NPs particle size. The disk diffusion method was used to screen the antimicrobial activity of Aluminum doped ZnS NPs against different gram positive, gram negative bacterial and fungus culture from this investigation Aluminum doped ZnS NPs have potential antimicrobial agent which was show excellent zone of inhibition (ZoI) at different concentration against all tested microorganisms.
KEJADIAN PNEUMONIA PADA BALITA DAN RIWAYAT PEMBERIAN ASI DI UPT PUSKESMAS JEPANG KUDUS
Authors: Kulsum Ummi , Astuti Dwi , Wigati Atun 
Published: February 2019

Pneumonia merupakan penyakit peradangan parenkim paru yang ditandai dengan adanya demam tinggi, menggigil, sesak napas, napas cepat, batuk dan tarikan dinding dada ke dalam. Pneumonia merupakan penyebab utama kematian bayi (0 - 11 bulan) sebesar 23,80% dan sebagai penyebab kedua kematian balita (1 – 4 tahun) yaitu 15,50% menempati urutan kedua setelah diare dari 10 besar kematian. Rata-rata 83 balita meninggal setiap hari akibat Pneumonia. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa Pneumonia merupakan penyakit yang menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat utama yang berkontribusi terhadap tingginya angka kematian balita di Indonesia. Survei Demokrasi Kesehatan Indonesia (SDKI) melaporkan bahwa prevalensi Pneumonia balita Indonesia meningkat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara Riwayat pemberian ASI dengan kejadian Pneumonia Balita di UPT Puskesmas Jepang Mejobo Kudus tahun 2018. Metode penelitian case control dengan pendekatan retrospektif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah balita berusia 7 bulan – 5 tahun dengan gejala batuk yang mengarah pneumonia berjumlah 110 balita, dengan sampel yang diteliti sejumlah 85 balita. Teknik pengambilan sampel dengan menggunakan teknik sampel random sampling. Alat pengumpulan data berupa kuesioner Riwayat pemberian ASI dan (Manajemen Terpadu Balita sakit). Uji statistik dengan Spearman rank. Hasil penelitian Hubungan antara riwayat pemberian ASI dengan kejadian pneumonia pada balita diperoleh nilai p value sebesar = 0,224 (>0,05), berarti Tidak ada hubungan antara riwayat pemberian ASI dengan kejadian pneumonia pada balita di UPT Puskesmas Jepang Mejobo Kudus Tahun 2018.Kata Kunci : Riwayat pemberian ASI, pneumonia, balita.
The Urgency of Halal Assurance System for Product Reliability
Authors: Anwar Moch. Khoirul 
Published: February 2019

Indonesia is a country with world most Moslem population. Thus, among other countries participated in Islamic Konference Organization, Indonesia is the biggest on product consumption market. This huge number of Moslem is crucial to be considered in business, particularly to the reliability of food product in Indonesia. This far, halal products is attributed with a certificate of halalness established by MUI (i.e, Indonesia Ulama Committee). However, the monitoring of halal products by companies with halal certificate may not be sustainably conducted by MUI, thus it needs a company system assuring that their products are halal. This study used a qualitative approach and was a field research. As a practival resource, this study was conducted in LPPOM MUI (i..e, Department of Assessment on Foods, Drugs, and Cosmetics by Indonesia Ulama Committee) East Java and another place related to this department. The data of this study was collected by participative observation or engaged observation and interview. Additionally, documentation in particular to the existing system of halalness by LPPOM MUI East Java was also applied. As the result, first, in order to assure the halalness of food products from halal-certified companies, it needed a Halal Assurance System. Second, this Halal Assurance System was made and applied by halal-certified companies to keep the sustainability of halalness on their products. Third, Halal Assurance System was an effort for customer satisfaction.
PEMBERDAYAAN EKONOMI KELOMPOK PEREMPUAN MELALUI BUDIDAYA HORTIKULTURA SECARA ORGANIK DALAM POLYBAG DI LAHAN PEKARANGAN DESA TANAK AWU KECAMATAN PUJUT LOMBOK TENGAH
Authors: Ayu Candra , Susilawati Lolita Endang , Sudika I Wayan , Santoso Bambang Budi , Muktasam Muktasam 
Published: February 2019

Desa Tanak Awu adalah salah satu desa di Kecamatan Pujut-Kabupaten Lombok Tengah dan merupakan tempat Bandara Internasional Lombok. Sumber mata pencaharian penduduk Desa Tanak Awu adalah sebagai petani lahan kering meskipun produktivitas dan pendapatan dari sistem pertanian ini rendah sehingga mengakibatkan kemiskinan. Kemiskinan dan rendahnya produktivitas pertanian di desa ini mengakibatkan kurangnya kemampuan pengadaan modal untuk aplikasi input pertanian secara optimal dan untuk pengupahan tenaga kerja. Namun, berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang terkait dengan model pemberdaayaan kelompok perempuan yang disuluhkan pada kegiatan ini ditemukan kondisi kontra-produktif tradisi patriarhi yang dianut masyarakat. Kelompok perempuan tidak bekerja di lahan pertaniannya, partisipasinya sebatas penyedia makanan untuk pekerja liar keluarga. Secara kultural peran mencari nafkah terbeban mutlak di kelompok laki-laki dan potensi produktif perempuan terpendam meskipun kekurangan tenaga kerja untuk mengelola usahataninya. Untuk itu, kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan memberdayakan potensi kerja kelompok perempuan melalui pengembangan kegiatan produktif-ekonomi yang selaras tradisi. Tradisi tersebut memilik potensi positip yakni tersedianya banyak waktu luang kelompok perempuan diantara aktivitas domestikasi dan disuluhkan untuk pengembangan sistem pertanian organik tanaman hortikultura dalam wadah polybag di halaman pekarangan. Sistem binaan ini selaras tradisi serta hemat lahan dan waktu pengelolaan sehingga lebih optimal perolehan produksi dan pendapatannya. Implikasinya adalah kelompok perempuan dapat berkontribusi secara ekonomi untuk membebaskan keluarganya dari kemiskinan.
Biomedical porous Ti-16Nb-10Zr-(0–15)Ta alloys
Authors: Yılmaz Eren , Gökçe Azim , Findik Fehim , Gülsoy Hamit Özkan 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
To improve the properties of compact Ti alloys for biomedical applications, porous Ti-16Nb-10Zr-(0–15)Ta (wt.%) alloys were produced by the space-holding method using an ammonium hydrogen carbonate space holder. The pore size distribution, porosity ratio and mechanical properties of the obtained porous alloys were investigated. Also, the effect of Ta addition on the microstructure and mechanical properties was investigated. It has been determined that the sintered porous Ti–Nb–Zr–Ta alloys have suitable mechanical properties (elastic modulus: 36.32–38 GPa, transverse rupture strength: 154–281 MPa) for hard tissue implants.
Microstructural evolution and strain hardening behavior of AISI 316L type austenitic stainless steel
Authors: Ho Hsin Shen , Sun LingLi , Liu KunKun , Niu PengHui , Zhang ErLiang 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
The microstructural evolution of AISI 316L austenitic stainless steel subjected to interrupted uniaxial tensile testing is investigated in relation to the strain hardening behavior. The microstructural evolution is characterized by means of scanning electron microscopy equipped with electron backscattered diffraction, optical profilometry and atomic force microscopy. The experimental results show that the increase in level of deformation causes increased surface roughness, extrusion height, plastic strain value, fraction of low-angle grain boundaries and geometrically necessary dislocations. The tensile work hardening analysis reveals a three-stage behavior, where the deformation mechanism is dominated by localization of plastic strain in slip bands due to dislocation–dislocation interactions in stage II and by rotation of austenite grains and dynamic recovery which is due to dislocation annihilations in stage III.
How useful is a single measurement of patellar mobility in the assessment of patients with patellofemoral pain?
Authors: Janssen Jessie , Dey Paola , Celik Canpolat , Richards Jim , Selfe James 
Published: February 2019

INTRODUCTION: Patellar mobility is often routinely assessed in people with patellofemoral pain (PFP) in clinical practice. This study assessed the stability of the data when measuring patellar mobility using the total medial-lateral patellar glide test across multiple repetitions. It also compared patellar mobility of people with healthy knees to people with PFP and within subgroups of PFP. METHODS: Twenty-two people without knee problems underwent five repetitions of the total medial-lateral patellar glide test. Differences in mean value for each repetition and the intra-class correlations (ICC) between the first assessment and the average values of additional repetitions were calculated. Mean patellar mobility was compared with 127 participants with PFP who took part in a previously published subgrouping study. Differences between the healthy knee group and PFP subgroups were also explored using a one-way ANOVA with pairwise comparisons. RESULTS: The mean patellar mobility in healthy individuals was 16.4 mm (SD 5.3), difference in mean patellar mobility across repetitions was minimal and the ICC ranged between 0.93 and 0.95. People with PFP had significantly lower patellar mobility than the healthy knee group. Two of three PFP subgroups had statistically significantly lower mean patellar mobility (difference in mean –5.6 mm and –6.5 mm; P < 0.001). DISCUSSION: A single medial-lateral patellar glide test appears as informative as repeated tests in practice. One off measures of patellar mobility using the total medial-lateral patellar glide test may identify subgroups of PFP to help guide treatment in clinical practice. Further work is needed to assess other reliability parameters for this measure.
KONSEP PENDIDIKAN LINGKUNGAN HIDUP DALAM PANDANGAN ISLAM
Authors: Sulistyo Agus 
Published: February 2019

The environmental crisis, known as the ecological crisis, is becoming more widespread. It demands our care as human beings who assume the role of khalifah on earth to actively participate in preventing more massive environmental damage. Man can’t live alone without the support of various resources that exist in his environment. However, the awareness of the importance of preserving and protecting the natural is still lacking. Environmental education is expected to be a vehicle to educate the general public and learners, in particular, to better understand the global environmental crisis phenomenon and foster an attitude to be more concerned with the environment, by internalizing religious values. Building an ecologically-based religious spirit should be conducted simultaneously and sustainably at all levels and compositions of the community especially Muslims, given that the ecological crisis has a universal impact. Recognizing the role of human as a caliph who is in charge of safeguarding and managing nature and the consequences of damaging the environment in terms of Islamic perspective is expected to arouse public awareness to participate actively in maintaining, managing wisely and preserving the surrounding environment. Keywords: environmental ethics; environmental education; conservation; Islam.