bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LQAC-4: Fourth release of the Large Quasar Astrometric Catalogue
Authors: Gattano C. , Andrei A. H. , Coelho B. , Souchay J. , Barache C. , Taris F. 
Published: March 2018

Context.From an astrometric point of view, quasars constitute the best and almost ideal reference objects in the celestial sphere, with a priori no significant proper motion. Since the third release of the Large Quasar Astrometric Catalogue (LQAC-3), a large number of quasars have been discovered, in particular those coming from the DR12Q release of the SDSS. Moreover, for cross-matched objects, we have taken advantage of the very accurate determinations of the quasars identified within the recentGaiaDR1 catalogue.Aims.Following the same procedure as in the three previous releases of the LQAC, our aim is to compile the large majority of all the quasars recorded so far. Our goal is to record their best coordinates and substantial information concerning their physical properties such as the redshift as well as multi-bands apparent and absolute magnitudes. Emphasis is given to the results of the cross-matches with theGaiaDR1 catalogue.Methods.New quasars coming from the DR12Q release were cross-matched with the precedent LQAC-3 compilation with a 1′′ search radius, in order to add the objects without counterpart to the LQAC-4 compilation. A similar cross-match was done withGaiaDR1 to identify the known quasars detected byGaia. This enables one to improve significantly the positioning of these objects, and in parallel to study the astrometric performance of the individual catalogues of the LQAC-4 compilation. Finally, a new method was used to determine absolute magnitudes.Results.Our final catalogue, called LQAC-4, contains 443 725 objects. This is roughly 37.82% more than the number of objects recorded in the LQAC-3. Among them, 249 071 were found in common with theGaiaDR1, with a 1′′ search radius. That corresponds to 56.13% of the whole population in the compilation.Conclusions.The LQAC-4 delivers to the astronomical community a nearly complete catalogue of spectroscopically confirmed quasars (including a small proportion of compact AGNs), with the aim of giving their best equatorial coordinates with respect to the ICRF2 and with exhaustive additional information. For more than 50% of the sample, these coordinates come from the very recentGaiaDR1.
The physical and chemical structure of Sagittarius B2
Authors: Pols S. , Schwörer A. , Schilke P. , Schmiedeke A. , Sánchez-Monge Á. , Möller Th. 
Published: March 2018

Context. We model the emission of methyl cyanide (CH3CN) lines towards the massive hot molecular core Sgr B2(M).
Aims. We aim to reconstruct the CH3CN abundance field, and investigate the gas temperature distribution as well as the velocity field.
Methods. Sgr B2(M) was observed with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) in a spectral line survey from 211 to 275 GHz. This frequency range includes several transitions of CH3CN (including isotopologues and vibrationally excited states). We employed the three-dimensional radiative transfer toolbox Pandora in order to retrieve the velocity and abundance field by modeling different CH3CN lines. For this purpose, we based our model on the results of a previous study that determined the physical structure of Sgr B2(M), i.e., the distribution of dust dense cores, ionized regions, and heating sources.
Results. The morphology of the CH3CN emission can be reproduced by a molecular density field that consists of a superposition of cores with modified Plummer-like density profiles. The averaged relative abundance of CH3CN with respect to H2 ranges from 4 × 10−11 to 2 × 10−8 in the northern part of Sgr B2(M) and from 2 × 10−10 to 5 × 10−7 in the southern part. In general, we find that the relative abundance of CH3CN is lower at the center of the very dense, hot cores, causing the general morphology of the CH3CN emission to be shifted with respect to the dust continuum emission. The dust temperature calculated by the radiative transfer simulation based on the available luminosity reaches values up to 900 K. However, in some regions vibrationally excited transitions of CH3CN are underestimated by the model, indicating that the predicted gas temperature, which is assumed to be equal to the dust temperature, is partly underestimated. The determination of the velocity component along the line of sight reveals that a velocity gradient from the north to the south exists in Sgr B2(M).
ECMO Challenges and Its Future: Indian Scenario
Authors: Pooboni Suneel , Goyal Venkat , Oza Pranay , Kapoor Poonam Malhotra 
Published: March 2018

AbstractHistory of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in India dates back to 2001. Initially, ECMO was started for postoperative cardiac cases, but from 2008, it was introduced to intensive critical care unit as a regular practice for refractory cardiogenic shock and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Gradually, the utility of ECMO keeps on increasing such as in poisoning, transplant unit, and even in tracheobronchial surgery. Some centers even started using ECMO for extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation, even though the data is insufficient. In academic field also, ECMO has had great progress in India with three books and numerous paper presentations by Indian authors, regular conferences, and continued medical education. There were lot of challenges in establishing ECMO in Indian scenario which were addressed successfully; a few challenges are still there which need to be addressed pre-emptively. The most common challenges of ECMO were awareness, cost, initiation at right time, outcome, nosocomial infections, and transport. Transport of critically ill patient, especially on ECMO, is risky and also involves lots of cost. To overcome this problem, flying squad was established in 2010 where the team goes to the hospital where the patient is and initiates and manages ECMO there itself. The future of ECMO in India is quite promising, not only with increasing number of cases and centers, but also in terms of cost-effectiveness and technology.
Understanding Heart Transplantation—Gift of Life
Authors: Irpachi Kalpana , Kapoor Poonam Malhotra 
Published: March 2018

AbstractHeart transplantation (HTx) provides a longer and better quality of life to patients with end-stage heart failure when all other options of treatment have been exhausted. There are nearly 500 heart donors yearly in India. Approximately 60 cases of HTx are performed every year; 70% survival rate is for nearly 1 year whereas 30% survival rate is for 10 years. Scarcity of donors is further complicated by the use of single organ, heart injury with common brain-death injuries, difficulty with ex vivo preservation, heart disease among donors, and complexity of the operation.
A Case of Shwachman–Diamond Syndrome who Presented with Hypotonia
Authors: Özçay Figen , Olcay Lale , Ceylaner Serdar , Sezer Taner , Barış Zeren 
Published: March 2018

AbstractWe present a patient with failure to thrive and severe hypotonia, who was initially suspected of having a neurometabolic disease but later diagnosed as Shwachman–Diamond syndrome (SDS), which was genetically confirmed. SDS is a multisystemic disease, which is characterized by exocrine pancreatic deficiency, bone marrow dysfunction with increased risk for malignant transformation, and skeletal abnormalities. It should be included in differential diagnosis of patients with failure to thrive and unexplained neurodevelopmental delay with neutropenia.
Heparin priming of EUS-FNA needles does not adversely affect tissue cytology or immunohistochemical staining
Authors: Diehl David , Mok Shaffer , Khara Harshit , Johal Amitpal , Kirchner H. , Lin Fan 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Background and study aims Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided fine-needle aspiration (FNA) or biopsy (FNB) is an indispensable diagnostic tool. Improvements in needling technique have led to increasing tissue yields. Blood clogging of the needle can cause difficulties with specimen handling and stylet passage, which improves when the needle is primed with heparin before use. However, the effect of heparin on cytology, histology or immunochemistry (IHC) of FNA and FNB specimens is unknown. The goal of the study was to evaluate heparin priming on cytologic/histologic appearance, IHC staining, ease of stylet passage, and specimen bloodiness.
Patients and methods This was a retrospective study of patients undergoing EUS-FNA/FNB. Needle sizes were 25 gauge (g), 22 g, and 19 g. Heparin priming of the needle was done and the stylet replaced (“dry heparin”) or suction attached without replacing the stylet (“wet heparin”). Smears and cellblocks were examined by pathologists, and IHC staining were done as needed. Specimen bloodiness was compared with matched controls.
Results Adequate tissue yields were obtained in all samples (37 heparin, 36 no heparin). Heparin priming did not exhibit negative effects on cytologic or histologic interpretation of the specimens, nor IHC. There was no difference in cellblock bloodiness between the heparin primed needle specimens and the non-heparin control group.
Conclusions Heparin priming of EUS-FNA or FNB needles does not negatively affect cytologic or histologic interpretation, nor interfere with IHC. In addition, heparin priming does not increase specimen bloodiness. When the “wet suction” technique is used for EUS-FNA, heparin priming can be used instead of saline priming of the EUS needle.
Differential Diagnosis of HyperCKemia
Authors: Kley Rudolf , Schmidt-Wilcke Tobias , Vorgerd Matthias 
Published: March 2018

AbstractElevated serum creatine kinase (CK) activity is usually an indicator of muscle damage. HyperCKemia is often an incidental finding and should be controlled after refraining from physical activity for some days, especially in asymptomatic patients. Furthermore, data from recent studies indicate that the upper limits of normal (ULN) need to be revised upward. This review includes an algorithm for the differential diagnosis of CK elevation in patients without muscular symptoms. In the field of neurology, in particular myopathies and neuropathies with affection of the lower motor neuron can cause symptomatic hyperCKemia, with CK values >1000 U/l (16,7 µkat/l) being indicative of a primary muscle disorder. Diseases with very high CK values include subtypes of muscular dystrophies, idiopathic inflammatory myopathies and metabolic myopathies. However, a normal or only slightly elevated CK value does not exclude the presence of a myopathy. The individual diagnostic procedure (e. g., muscle imaging, special laboratory studies, muscle biopsy and genetic testing) depends on the clinical phenotype and the results of electrophysiological studies. HyperCKemia can also be an adverse effect of several drugs including statins. In asymptomatic patients, statin-associated CK elevations <5 times the ULN can be tolerated. In patients with higher CK values and/or muscle symptoms, LDL-cholesterol lowering therapy should be changed. Rhabdomyolysis is a potentially life-threatening condition and is accompanied by highly elevated CK values. Acute phase treatment includes preserving renal function and restoring metabolic derangements.
Mit Worten statt Zahlen
Authors: Scharnagel Stefan , Reutershan Jörg 
Published: March 2018

Zusammenfassung
Keyword Pain Scale Schmerz ist sehr subjektiv. Was der eine nur als
unangenehm empfindet, ist für einen anderen unerträglich. Daher ist Schmerz
schwer zu messen. Und doch ist die Schmerzerfassung notwendig, wenn es etwa in
Notaufnahmen darum geht, mit welcher Dringlichkeit Patienten behandelt werden
sollen. Autor Stefan Scharnagel hat im Akutschmerzdienst die Erfahrung gemacht,
dass es eine bessere Möglichkeit zur Schmerzeinschätzung gibt als die bekannten
numerischen Skalen. Die von ihm entwickelte Keyword Pain Scale funktioniert mit
Worten, statt mit Zahlen.
Analysis of presurgical uterine artery embolization (PUAE) for very large uterus myomatosus; patient’s desire to preserve the uterus; case series and literature review
Authors: Schnapauff Dirk , Russ Manon , Kröncke Thomas , David Matthias 
Published: March 2018

Purpose Purpose of this paper to present results of a group of 21 consecutive patients who underwent uterine artery embolization (UAE) immediately before myomectomy. Surgical myomectomy can lead to a substantial blood loss in case of large or multiple tumors due to the hypervascularization of the tumors. This may lead to multiple blood transfusion or hysterectomy. In cases were the preservation of the uterus is demanded, pre-operative embolization could reduce the risk of substantial bleeding.
Materials and Methods Between January 2011 and March 2016, 21 patients underwent UAE 24 hours before myomectomy. All patients were asked by questionnaire about post-surgical follow-up, complications, the length of the scar, satisfaction and improvement of symptoms. Data of the operation and embolization were retrospectively assessed.
Results UAE could be performed in all patients without complications. Mean diameter of the largest myoma was 12.7 ± 3.2 cm, primary preservation of the uterus succeeded in all cases. In none of the cases a perioperative blood transfusion was necessary. One patient underwent hysterectomy in another hospital after primary successful resection, one patient received transfusion of 2 bags of red blood cell concentrate during her stay in hospital.11 of 21 patients responded to the questionnaire. 10 of 11 had subjective symptom improvement. Mean inability to work was 31 days, the mean self-measured length was 12 cm. 9 of 11 patients would recommend the procedure, one patient was in the second trimester of pregnancy.
Conclusion Preoperative uterine artery embolization facilitates a safe and uterus-preserving myomectomy in patients with very large or multiple fibroids.
Key Points
Citation Format
A review of the technologies for wave energy extraction
Authors: Rusu Eugen , Onea Florin 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
The main objective of this article is to provide a comprehensive picture of existing wave technologies being used for wave energy extraction. The overview will explain their potential and also the challenges wave technologies face. The article will also briefly discuss the benefits of combined offshore wind-wave projects, also known as hybrids. Key factors and impacts on relevant existing wave technologies will be outlined, including capacity factor and capture width. Finally the levelized cost of energy (LCOE) targets for the most promising technologies will be discussed.
Whole-genome sequences of 89 Chinese sheep suggest role of RXFP2 in the development of unique horn phenotype as response to semi-feralization
Authors: Pan Zhangyuan , Li Shengdi , Liu Qiuyue , Wang Zhen , Zhou Zhengkui , Di Ran , Miao Benpeng , Hu Wenping , Wang Xiangyu , Hu Xiaoxiang , Xu Ze , Wei Dongkai , He Xiaoyun , Yuan Liyun , Guo Xiaofei , Liang Benmeng , Wang Ruichao , Li Xiaoyu , Cao Xiaohan , Dong Xinlong , Xia Qing , Shi Hongcai , Hao Geng , Yang Jean , Luosang Cuicheng , Zhao Yiqiang , Jin Mei , Zhang Yingjie , Lv Shenjin , Li Fukuan , Ding Guohui , Chu Mingxing , Li Yixue 
Published: March 2018

Abstract

Background
Animal domestication has been extensively studied, but the process of feralization remains poorly understood.

Results
Here, we performed whole-genome sequencing of 99 sheep and identified a primary genetic divergence between 2 heterogeneous populations in the Tibetan Plateau, including 1 semi-feral lineage. Selective sweep and candidate gene analysis revealed local adaptations of these sheep associated with sensory perception, muscle strength, eating habit, mating process, and aggressive behavior. In particular, a horn-related gene, RXFP2, showed signs of rapid evolution specifically in the semi-feral breeds. A unique haplotype and repressed horn-related tissue expression of RXFP2 were correlated with higher horn length, as well as spiral and horizontally extended horn shape.

Conclusions
Semi-feralization has an extensive impact on diverse phenotypic traits of sheep. By acquiring features like those of their wild ancestors, semi-feral sheep were able to regain fitness while in frequent contact with wild surroundings and rare human interventions. This study provides a new insight into the evolution of domestic animals when human interventions are no longer dominant.
Formal Religion
Authors: Aldhouse-Green Miranda 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
The presence of any kind of ‘formal’ religion in the European Iron Age is debatable but, as the period progressed, persistent patterns of religious expression began to emerge over wide areas of non-Mediterranean Europe. By the time of Roman intervention, religion began to become codified and personified, and the local deities named in written text and inscriptions, attest to a formalization of cults and gods. Some deities apparently had influence over vast regions, whereas others belonged to a single place. Other topics considered in the chapter are the role of the Druids in orchestrating religion, power, and justice in the late pre-Roman Iron Age, the reinvention of Druidism in Gaul in the Roman period, and the lack of a clear-cut interface when the monotheistic new faith of Christianity was added to the melting pot of established cults in the fourth century AD.
Iron and Iron Technology
Authors: Champion Timothy 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Iron production began in many parts of Europe during the late Bronze Age. Although initially comparatively rare, production steadily increased in volume and quality, and major centres developed in southern France, Bavaria, Austria, and southern Poland; the discovery of standardized ingots shows the distribution of smelted iron. Blacksmithing techniques improved rapidly, and the processes of cold working, quenching, and annealing were mastered. The transition from bronze to iron for tools and weapons varied regionally, and the role of iron varied from a utilitarian material for tools to an exotic inlay for decoration. By the late Iron Age a full range of tools had been developed, which changed little for many centuries. These harder, sharper, and more durable tools had a major impact on the productive capacity of other industries, including agriculture, but especially woodworking and carpentry. The use of iron nails transformed domestic architecture, the construction of fortifications, and shipbuilding.
Migration
Authors: Fitzpatrick Andrew P. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractMigration has long been one of the defining themes of the pre-Roman Iron Age in Europe. Classical authors record migrations by Celtic peoples into Italy and Greece in the fourth and third centuries BC and their testimonies are corroborated by archaeological evidence. Much work has focused on these events and on mass migration in particular. As a result the archaeological study of migration and mobility is weakly theorized and the subject has been unfashionable in most recent western European scholarship. However, migration and mobility in the pre-Roman Iron Age took many forms, from individual marriages to the establishment of Greek colonies in western Europe and the mass migration of Germanic peoples in the second and first centuries BC. The reasons for mobility are varied, but the archaeological and historical sources are clear and consistent in showing that migration was a dynamic and important feature of the pre-Roman Iron Age.
The “Ideal” Body Weight for Pediatric Gentamicin Dosing in the Era of Obesity: A Population Pharmacokinetic Analysis
Authors: Moffett Brady S. , Kam Charissa , Galati Marianne , Schmees Lindsay , Stitt Gideon A. , Revell Paula A. , Palazzi Debra L. 
Published: March 2018

Background:
Obese pediatric patients often require dose reductions when initiating gentamicin therapy. An appropriate method for calculating ideal body weight for dosing gentamicin in pediatric patients has not been validated.

Methods:
A retrospective population pharmacokinetic study was designed and included non-intensive care pediatric patients who received gentamicin and had serum gentamicin concentrations sampled. Actual body weight (ABW), adjusted body weight, and fat-free mass (FFM) were used to describe the pharmacokinetic variables. Descriptive statistical methods were used for the population, and pharmacokinetic analysis occurred with NONMEM (ICON Plc, Dublin, Ireland). Simulation was performed to estimate dosing based on adjustments in body weight.

Results:
A total of 520 patients met inclusion criteria (male 57.3%, mean age 9.6 ± 4.9 years, ABW 38.0 ± 24.3 kg). Obesity was present in 21.3% of the patients and overweight in 15.8%. Gentamicin was administered at 2.17 ± 0.86 mg/kg per dose. A median of 2 (interquartile range, 1–3) gentamicin serum concentrations were sampled at a median 1.8 (interquartile range, 1.1–7.8) hours after a dose. Population pharmacokinetic analysis demonstrated a 2-compartment model with allometrically scaled FFM providing the best fit. Other significant covariates included serum creatinine and age. Simulation demonstrated increased doses per body weight for traditional and once-daily dosing when using FFM for gentamicin dosing.

Conclusions:
FFM should be used to adjust ABW for empirically dosing gentamicin in pediatric patients aged 2–18 years.
Can Statewide Emergency Department, Hospital Discharge, and Violent Death Reporting System Data Be Used to Monitor Burden of Firearm-Related Injury and Death in Rhode Island?
Authors: Jiang Yongwen , Ranney Megan L. , Sullivan Brian , Hilliard Dennis , Viner-Brown Samara , Alexander-Scott Nicole 
Published: March 2018

Context:
National data on the epidemiology of firearm injuries and circumstances of firearm deaths are difficult to obtain and often are nonreliable. Since firearm injury and death rates and causes can vary substantially between states, it is critical to consider state-specific data sources.

Objective:
In this study, we illustrate how states can systematically examine demographic characteristics, firearm information, type of wound, toxicology tests, precipitating circumstances, and costs to provide a comprehensive picture of firearm injuries and deaths using data sets from a single state with relatively low rates of firearm injury and death.

Design:
Cross-sectional study.

Setting:
Firearm-related injury data for the period 2005-2014 were obtained from the Rhode Island emergency department and hospital discharge data sets; death data for the same period were obtained from the Rhode Island Violent Death Reporting System.

Main Outcome Measure:
Descriptive statistics were used. Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project cost-to-charge ratios were used to convert total hospital charges to costs.

Results:
Most firearm-related emergency department visits (55.8%) and hospital discharges (79.2%) in Rhode Island were from assaults; however, most firearm-related deaths were suicides (60.1%). The annual cost of firearm-related hospitalizations was more than $830 000. Most decedents who died because of firearms tested positive for illicit substances. Nearly a quarter (23.5%) of firearm-related homicides were due to a conflict between the decedent and suspect. More than half (59%) of firearm suicide decedents were reported to have had current mental or physical problems prior to death.

Conclusions:
Understanding the state-specific magnitude and patterns (who, where, factors, etc) of firearm injury and death may help inform local injury prevention efforts. States with similar data sets may want to adopt our analyses. Surveillance of firearm-related injury and death is essential. Dissemination of surveillance findings to key stakeholders is critical in improving firearm injury prevention. States that are not part of the National Violent Death Reporting System (NVDRS) could work with their other data sources to obtain a better picture of violent injuries and deaths to make the best use of resources.