bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The prognostic value of radiogenomics using CT in patients with lung cancer: a systematic review
Authors: Jiang Yixiao , Gao Chuan , Shao Yilin , Lou Xinjing , Hua Meiqi , Lin Jiangnan , Wu Linyu , Gao Chen 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of combining radiomic and genomic models in predicting the long-term prognosis of patients with lung cancer and to contribute to the further exploration of radiomics. This study retrieved comprehensive literature from multiple databases, including radiomics and genomics, to study the prognosis of lung cancer. The model construction consisted of the radiomic and genomic methods. A comprehensive bias assessment was conducted, including risk assessment and model performance indicators. Ten studies between 2016 and 2023 were analyzed. Studies were mostly retrospective. Patient cohorts varied in size and characteristics, with the number of patients ranging from 79 to 315. The construction of the model involves various radiomic and genotic datasets, and most models show promising prediction performance with the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) values ranging from 0.64 to 0.94 and the concordance index (C-index) values from 0.28 to 0.80. The combination model typically outperforms the single method model, indicating higher prediction accuracy and the highest AUC was 0.99. Combining radiomics and genomics in the prognostic model of lung cancer may improve the predictive performance. However, further research on standardized data and larger cohorts is needed to validate and integrate these findings into clinical practice.

Critical relevance statement
The combination of radiomics and genomics in the prognostic model of lung cancer improved prediction accuracy in most included studies.

Key Points

The combination of radiomics and genomics can improve model performance in most studies.

The results of establishing prognosis models by different methods are discussed.

The combination of radiomics and genomics may be helpful to provide better treatment for patients.

Graphical Abstract
Genotype‒phenotype correlation in recessive DNAJB4 myopathy
Authors: Inoue Michio , Jayaraman Divya , Bengoechea Rocio , Bhadra Ankan , Genetti Casie A. , Aldeeri Abdulrahman A. , Turan Betül , Pacheco-Orozco Rafael Adrian , Al-Maawali Almundher , Al Hashmi Nadia , Zamani Ayşe Gül , Göktaş Emine , Pekcan Sevgi , Çağlar Hanife Tuğçe , True Heather , Beggs Alan H. , Weihl Conrad C. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractProtein aggregate myopathies can result from pathogenic variants in genes encoding protein chaperones. DNAJB4 is a cochaperone belonging to the heat shock protein-40 (HSP40) family and plays a vital role in cellular proteostasis. Recessive loss-of-function variants in DNAJB4 cause myopathy with early respiratory failure and spinal rigidity, presenting from infancy to adulthood. This study investigated the broader clinical and genetic spectrum of DNAJB4 myopathy. In this study, we performed whole-exome sequencing on seven patients with early respiratory failure of unknown genetic etiology. We identified five distinct pathogenic variants in DNAJB4 in five unrelated families of diverse ethnic backgrounds: three loss-of-function variants (c.547 C > T, p.R183*; c.775 C > T, p.R259*; an exon 2 deletion) and two missense variants (c.105G > C, p.K35N; c.181 A > G, p.R61G). All patients were homozygous. Most affected individuals exhibited early respiratory failure, and patients from three families had rigid spine syndrome with axial weakness in proportion to appendicular weakness. Additional symptoms included dysphagia, ankle contractures, scoliosis, neck stiffness, and cardiac dysfunction. Notably, J-domain missense variants were associated with a more severe phenotype, including an earlier age of onset and a higher mortality rate, suggesting a strong genotype‒phenotype correlation. Consistent with a loss of function, the nonsense variants presented decreased stability. In contrast, the missense variants exhibited normal or increased stability but behaved as loss-of-function variants in yeast complementation and TDP-43 disaggregation assays. Our findings suggest that DNAJB4 is an emerging cause of myopathy with rigid spine syndrome of variable age of onset and severity. This diagnosis should be considered in individuals presenting with suggestive symptoms, particularly if they exhibit neck stiffness during infancy or experience respiratory failure in adults without significant limb muscle weakness. Missense variants in the J domain may predict a more severe phenotype.
Scaffolding-informed design of open educational resources in Chinese secondary school mathematics: insights from multi-cycle formative evaluation
Authors: Huang Xiaowei , Lo Chung Kwan , He Jiaju , Xu Simin , Kinshuk  
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn the post-pandemic world, open educational resources (OER) have the potential to ensure educational equity by providing all students with access to learning materials and by supporting teachers’ instructional practices through readily available, adaptable resources. However, the quality of OER continues to be a concern. Therefore, this study explored the use of (1) GeoGebra and scaffolding strategies to develop OER for secondary school mathematics teaching and (2) formative evaluation techniques to enhance the quality of the OER. A GeoGebra expert and a total of 40 frontline teachers participated in three review cycles of the OER development in the project. The feedback from each cycle informed the application of scaffolding strategies in the development of OER for the subsequent cycles. In Cycles 2 and 3, teachers rated the OER and provided feedback through surveys for further improvement. The results indicated that teacher ratings were significantly higher in Cycle 3 (n = 40, Mdn = 5) than in the previous cycle (n = 21, Mdn = 4) regarding the appropriateness of the OER for students with different learning preferences, z = − 2.87, p < 0.05. The results of the project-end satisfaction survey further revealed that all of the teacher participants were satisfied with the OER, which also enhanced their teaching practices. The results of the study offer a theoretical foundation that OER developers can ground upon to enhance their OER design. They also provide practical insights into the application of formative evaluation in the OER development that OER developers can adopt to create resources that are finely attuned to the needs of frontline teachers.
Decortication with uniport video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery for empyema due to postoperative esophageal leakage: a report of two pediatric cases
Authors: Goto Yudai , Ogata Seiya , Shimizu Hirofumi , Yamashita Michitoshi , Inoue Takuya , Hasegawa Takeo , Shio Yutaka , Suzuki Hiroyuki , Tanaka Hideaki 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) is considered useful for the treatment of parapneumonic empyema in children. However, thoracoscopic management of empyema due to esophageal leakage as an operative complication has not been well described in the literature.

Case presentation
We successfully decorticated severe empyema using uniport VATS in 2 children (a 2-year-old boy who suffered esophageal perforation after laparoscopic anti-reflux surgery, and a 7-month-old girl who had anastomotic leakage after thoracoscopic repair of esophageal atresia). In these patients, we noticed that pleural effusion rapidly progressed to empyema and caused respiratory insufficiency due to wide-range coverage by fibrotic pleural rind that was successfully decorticated under video-assisted vision from a mini-thoracotomy, followed by spontaneous healing of the leakage.

Conclusions
We did not attempt to closely approach or try to repair the esophageal leakage. We believe that this is an important tip for these situations.
Prevalence and severity of insomnia in adult outpatients attending Kasralainy Psychiatry and Addiction Treatment Hospital
Authors: Asal Abd El Rahman Ali , Abdalraheem Eman Abdalraheem Abdalbadeea , Saleh Alia Adel , Khalil Mohamed A. , Elnawawy Yassmin 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Insomnia is common among patients with psychiatric disorders and affects the clinical presentation and outcomes of the psychiatric disorder. The presentation of insomnia varies according to the type and severity of the psychiatric disorder.

Objectives
This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the prevalence and severity of insomnia in adult psychiatric outpatients attending Psychiatry and Addiction Medicine Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University. The study included 390 patients diagnosed with the following disorders: depressive disorders (n = 126 (32.2%)), anxiety disorders (n = 69 (17.6%)), psychotic spectrum disorders (n = 67 (17.1%)), bipolar and related disorders (n = 50 (12.8%)), trauma and stress-related disorders (n = 46 (11.8%)), obsessive–compulsive disorder (n = 30 (7.7%)), and somatic symptoms disorders (n = 2 (0.5%)). Patients were assessed using the Sleep Disorder Interview, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), and Global Assessment of Functioning Scale (GAF).

Results
Among the assessed patients, 314 (80.5%) had insomnia, with a higher prevalence in females (91.5%) compared to males (67.2%). The prevalence of insomnia was 96% in depressive disorders, 97.1% in anxiety disorders, 49.3% in psychotic disorders, and 32% in bipolar and related disorders; while all patients with trauma and stress-related disorders, obsessive–compulsive disorders, and somatic symptoms disorders had insomnia.
The severity of insomnia as measured by ISI was positively correlated with the global functioning score (r = 0.341, p =  < 0.001) and negatively correlated with the duration of the psychiatric illness (r =  − 0.285, p =  < 0.001).

Conclusions
Insomnia is highly prevalent in outpatients with psychiatric disorders.
Evidencing the challenges of care delivery for people with intellectual disability and epilepsy in England by using the Step Together toolkit
Authors: Shillito Tom , Watkins Lance , Ali Hafsha , Page Georgia , Pullen Angie , Mitchell Sarah , Roy Ashok , Sen Arjune , Kinney Michael , Thomas Rhys , Tittensor Phil , Bagary Manny , Subramanium Arun , Kent Bridie , Shankar Rohit 
Published: October 2024

Background
People with intellectual disability (PwID) and epilepsy have increased premature and potentially preventable mortality. This is related to a lack of equitable access to appropriate care. The Step Together guidance and toolkit, developed with patient, clinical, charity and commissioning stakeholders, allows evaluation and benchmarking of essential epilepsy service provision for PwID in eight key domains, at a care system level.

Aims
To evaluate care provisions for adult PwID and epilepsy at a system level in the 11 integrated care systems (ICSs) of the Midlands, the largest NHS England region (population: approximately 11 million), using the Step Together toolkit

Method
Post training, each ICS undertook its benchmarking with the toolkit and submitted their scores to Epilepsy Action, a national UK epilepsy charity, who oversaw the process. The outcomes were analysed descriptively to provide results, individual and cumulative, at care domain and system levels.

Results
The toolkit was completed fully by nine of the 11 ICSs. Across all eight domains, overall score was 44.2% (mean 44.2%, median 43.3%, range 52.4%, interquartile range 23.8–76.2%). The domains of local planning (mean 31.1%, median 27.5%) and care planning (mean 31.4%, median 35.4%) scored the lowest, and sharing information scored the highest (mean 55.2%, median 62.5%). There was significant variability across each domain between the nine ICS. The user/carer participation domain had the widest variation across ICSs (0–100%).

Conclusions
The results demonstrate a significant variance in service provision for PwID and epilepsy across the nine ICSs. The toolkit identifies specific areas for improvement within each ICS and region.
Stereotactic Radiosurgery Dose Reduction for Melanoma Brain Metastases Patients on Immunotherapy or Target Therapy: A Single-Center Experience
Authors: Tos Salem M. , Mantziaris Georgios , Shaaban Ahmed , Pikis Stylianos , Dumot Chloe , Sheehan Jason P. 
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Better local control but higher rates of adverse radiation events (ARE) have been reported when combining American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO)-guideline-suggested dose (SD) stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) with immunotherapy or targeted therapy for melanoma brain metastases. The objective of this study is to explore the efficacy and safety of lower prescription doses compared with ASTRO guidelines for single-fraction SRS for patients with melanoma metastases who are concurrently receiving immunotherapy or targeted therapy.

METHODS:
We conducted a retrospective, single-center study on 194 patients who underwent SRS between 2009 and 2022. After propensity score matching, 71 patients with 292 metastases were included in the ASTRO-SD (20-24 Gy for <2 cm, 18 Gy for ≥2 to <3 cm) group and 33 patients with 292 metastases in the reduced dose (RD, <20 Gy for <2 cm, <18 Gy for ≥2 to <3 cm) group.

RESULTS:
The median diameter (5.4 vs 5.2 mm, P = .6), prescription volume (0.2 vs 0.2 cm3, P = .2), and radiographic follow-up (11 vs 12 months, P = .2) were similar in the 2 groups. The cumulative incidence of progressing metastases was significantly higher in the SD compared with the RD group (P = .018). Higher prescription volumes and ASTRO-suggested radiation doses were associated with local progression in multivariable analysis. Radiographic AREs were significantly more common in the SD compared with the RD group (8.6% vs 3.1%, P = .005). BRAF and other tyrosine kinase inhibitors’ concurrent use, higher prescription volumes, and ASTRO-suggested radiation doses were associated with an increased risk of radiographic ARE.

CONCLUSION:
This study provides evidence that RD SRS could offer reduced toxicity rates, while maintaining high local control as compared with the current guideline-SDs for the treatment of melanoma brain metastases.
Contrasting the development of larval and adult body plans during the evolution of biphasic lifecycles in sea urchins
Authors: McDonald Brennan D. , Massri Abdull J. , Berrio Alejandro , Byrne Maria , McClay David R. , Wray Gregory A. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
Biphasic lifecycles are widespread among animals, but little is known about how the developmental transition between larvae and adults is regulated. Sea urchins are a unique system for studying this phenomenon because of the stark differences between their bilateral larval and pentaradial adult body plans. Here, we use single-cell RNA sequencing to analyze the development of Heliocidaris erythrogramma (He), a sea urchin species with an accelerated, non-feeding mode of larval development. The sequencing time course extends from embryogenesis to roughly a day before the onset of metamorphosis in He larvae, which is a period that has not been covered by previous datasets. We find that the non-feeding developmental strategy of He is associated with several changes in the specification of larval cell types compared to sea urchins with feeding larvae, such as the loss of a larva-specific skeletal cell population. Furthermore, the development of the larval and adult body plans in sea urchins may utilize largely different sets of regulatory genes. These findings lay the groundwork for extending existing developmental gene regulatory networks to cover additional stages of biphasic lifecycles.
Polite Social Practices in 18th-century Scotland
Authors: Śliwa Marta 
Published: October 2024

This article explores the role and influence of elite women in 18th-century Scotland, focusing on their engagement with polite social practices during the Scottish Enlightenment. The Scottish Enlightenment, characterized by its integration of various disciplines and emphasis on both theoretical and practical knowledge, was a period of significant cultural intellectual development. Central to this movement was the concept of politeness, which shaped the social interactions of the elite and played a crucial role in their personal and societal advancement. Elite women were integral to the social fabric of this era, participating in mixed-gender activities and shaping the cultural landscape through their involvement in social gatherings, education, and print culture. Despite being formally excluded from public office and direct political power, these women exercised significant influence through social networks, family ties, and patronage, subtly navigating the political and intellectual currents of their time. The study highlights how these women, while adhering to socially accepted norms, found ways to circumvent formal exclusions, thereby contributing to the broader cultural and political life of Scotland. Their participation in polite sociability not only facilitated their integration into elite society but also played a vital role in the broader program of social improvement that characterized the Scottish Enlightenment. This article underscores the complex interplay between gender, power, and politics, revealing how elite women helped shape “The Golden Age” of Scotland through their engagement in polite social practices.
Measurement of plasma characteristic parameters of copper foil explosion using interferometry
Authors: Li DangJuan , Lu Yuyan , Wang Jia , Guo Rongli , Wang Kexuan , Su Junhong , Wu ShenJiang 
Published: October 2024

The accurate testing of plasma temperature and electron density and shock wave pressure during an electroburst in a copper foil transducer is critical for the characterization of the detonation performance of its elements. In this paper, the sequence of interferograms during the detonation of a copper foil transducer is captured at a frame rate of 3×106fps in conjunction with Mach–Zehnder interferometry and high-speed photography, and the results clearly demonstrate the propagation of the shock wave wavefront and plasma. The phase differences disturbed by plasma are extracted using the Fourier transform method, and the refractive index distributions are reconstructed with the Abel algorithm. Subsequently, based on the refractive index models of the shock wave and plasma, the shock wave pressure and plasma temperature and electron density are partitioned and reconstructed. Results show that the maximum shock wave pressure in the detonation of the copper foil transducer element is 1.297 atm, the maximum plasma temperature is 16,280 K, and the maximum plasma electron density is 2.134×1017cm−3. This study provides a theoretical and technical foundation for the detonation performance testing of pyrotechnic energy-conversion components.
Quantum teleportation coexisting with classical communications in optical fiber
Authors: Thomas Jordan M. , Yeh Fei I. , Chen Jim Hao , Mambretti Joe J. , Kohlert Scott J. , Kanter Gregory S. , Kumar Prem 
Published: October 2024

The ability for quantum and conventional networks to operate in the same optical fibers would aid the deployment of quantum network technology on a large scale. Quantum teleportation is a fundamental operation in quantum networking, but has yet to be demonstrated in fibers populated with high-power conventional optical signals. Here we report, to the best of our knowledge, the first demonstration of quantum teleportation over fibers carrying conventional telecommunications traffic. Quantum state transfer is achieved over a 30.2-km fiber carrying 400-Gbps C-band classical traffic with a Bell state measurement performed at the fiber’s midpoint. To protect quantum fidelity from spontaneous Raman scattering noise, we use optimal O-band quantum channels, narrow spectro-temporal filtering, and multi-photon coincidence detection. Fidelity is shown to be well maintained with an elevated C-band launch power of 18.7 dBm for the single-channel 400-Gbps signal, which we project could support multiple classical channels totaling many terabits/s aggregate data rates. These results show the feasibility of advanced quantum and classical network applications operating within a unified fiber infrastructure.
Multi-omics analyses of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens treated mice infected with Schistosoma japonicum reveal dynamics change of intestinal microbiome and its associations with host metabolism
Authors: Chen Hao , Huang Shuaiqin , Yao Siqi , Wang Jingyan , Huang Jing , Yu Zheng 
Published: October 2024

Background
Schistosomiasis japonica is a serious threat to human health. It causes damage to the intestine and liver. Probiotic therapy has been shown to be effective in alleviating intestinal diseases and improving host health. Previous studies have found that Bacillus amyloliquefaciens could alleviate the pathological symptoms of schistosomiasis japonica, but the regulatory mechanism of alleviating schistosomiasis japonica is still unknown.

Principal findings
This study analyzed the dynamic changes of intestinal microbiome in mice infected with Schistosoma japonicum after the intervention of B. amyloliquefaciens and its connection to host metabolism by multi-omics sequencing technology. B. amyloliquefaciens was found to significantly regulate the homeostasis of intestinal microbiota by promoting the growth of beneficial bacteria and inhibiting potential pathogenic bacteria and protect the number of core microbes. Meanwhile, the genes related to the metabolism of glycerophospholipids and amino acid from intestinal microbiome changed significantly, and were shown to be significantly positively correlated with the associated metabolites of microbial origin. Moreover, host metabolism (lipid metabolism and steroid hormone biosynthesis) was also found to be significantly regulated.

Conclusions
The recovery of intestinal microbial homeostasis and the regulation of host metabolism revealed the potential probiotic properties of B. amyloliquefaciens, which also provided new ideas for the prevention and adjuvant treatment of schistosomiasis japonica.
Intra-specific variations in Schistosoma mansoni and their possible contribution to inconsistent virulence and diverse clinical outcomes
Authors: Dannenhaus Tim A. , Winkelmann Franziska , Reinholdt Cindy , Bischofsberger Miriam , Dvořák Jan , Grevelding Christoph G. , Löbermann Micha , Reisinger Emil C. , Sombetzki Martina 
Published: October 2024

Background
Schistosoma mansoni was introduced from Africa to the Americas during the transatlantic slave trade and remains a major public health problem in parts of South America and the Caribbean. This study presents a comprehensive comparative analysis of three S. mansoni strains with different geographical origins—from Liberia, Belo Horizonte and Puerto Rico. We demonstrated significant variation in virulence and host-parasite interactions.

Methods
We investigated the phenotypic characteristics of the parasite and its eggs, as well as the immunopathologic effects on laboratory mouse organ systems.

Results
Our results show significant differences in worm morphology, worm burden, egg size, and pathologic organ changes between these strains. The Puerto Rican strain showed the highest virulence, as evidenced by marked liver and spleen changes and advanced liver fibrosis indicated by increased collagen content. In contrast, the strains from Liberia and Belo Horizonte had a less pathogenic profile with less liver fibrosis. We found further variations in granuloma formation, cytokine expression and T-cell dynamics, indicating different immune responses.

Conclusion
Our study emphasizes the importance of considering intra-specific variations of S. mansoni for the development of targeted therapies and public health strategies. The different virulence patterns, host immune responses and organ pathologies observed in these strains provide important insights for future research and could inform region-specific interventions for schistosomiasis control.