bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Credit Risk Management on Financial Performance of Nigerian Listed Deposit Money Banks
Authors: Olugboyega KAJOLA Sunday , Babatunji ADEDEJI Samuel , Jayeola OLABISI , Tobi BABATOLU Ayorinde 
Published: January 2019

<p>Deposit money banks are concerned with the provision of credit facilities in form of loans and advances to customers. These loans and advances are expected to be repaid by customers in line with the agreement reached with their bankers. Customers’ default in the repayment of loans and advances at the agreed period may lead to bad and doubtful debts and this can affect the financial health, profitability and going concern status of the bank. This study empirically explored the effect of credit risk management on the financial performance of ten listed deposit money banks in Nigeria for the period, 2005-2016. Credit risk management, the independent variable, was surrogated by three parameters- Non-performing Loan to total Loan Ratio (NPLLR); Non-performing Loan to total Deposit Ratio (NPLDR) and Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR). Return on asset (ROA) and Return on equity (ROE) was used as proxies for financial performance. Using the Random effects generalised least squares (GLS) regression as data estimation technique, the study revealed that all the three credit risk parameters have a significant relationship with ROA and ROE (p&lt; 0.05).Based on the findings, the study recommended that the management of deposit money banks should develop rigorous and robust credit policies that will enable banks to effectively assess the creditworthiness of their customers. The regulatory agencies should also come up with modern credit risk measurements, identification and control. Prompt and necessary action should also be taken against the management of any bank that flouts their credit risk guidelines in order to avoid unpleasant distress in the financial system. </p>
The Household’s Attitude Impacts The Low Use of Latrines in RW 02 Gempolklutuk, Tarik, Sidoarjo
Authors: Paramita Renita Diah , Sulistyorini Lilis 
Published: January 2019

Abstract: Gempolklutuk is village with the lowest of access latrines achievement in Tarik, Sidoarjo. The low of access latrines achievements show that there are people who still defecate in the river.This research was to analyze the influence factors toward the low use of latrines in RW 02 Gempolklutuk, Tarik, Sidoarjo. This research was analytic with cross sectional design. The samples was taken from population by simple random sampling. Interviews was held to 57 household’s in RW 02, Desa Gempolklutuk. The instrument used questionnaire. The collected data was sorted and analyzed. The analysis showed that household’s attitude have infl uence toward the low use of latrines (p-value = 0.000). Good household’s attitude will be followed by good use of latrines. The moderate household’s attitude become barrier of using latrine. Education and income level, knowledge, house distance to river, family and community support factors had no effect in using latrine. It is concluded that household’s attitude was the most infl uence factor toward the low use of latrines. It is suggested to health worker or Sidoarjo’s Health Department to giving guidance for household’s who didn’t have latrines to increase using latrine.Keywords: attitude, household, latrine
Zakat for Economic Empowerment (Analyzing the Models, Strategy and Implications of Zakat Productive Program in Baitul Mal Aceh and Baznas Indonesia)
Authors: Furqani Hafas , Mulyany Ratna , Yunus Fahmi 
Published: January 2019

Sustainable wellbeing is one of the goals of zakat distribution whereby the poor (<em>mustahiq</em>) are not only able to survive by having the basic needs fulfilled, but also are able to work and fulfill his needs and his family independently. The <em>mustahiq </em>independency is important to solve the problem of inequalities in society, marginalization, unemployemnt and poverty. This can only be achieved if zakat is able to used as a means for economic empowerment of the poor that would increase their capacity and enable them to become enterpreneur and hence able to fulfil their needs by themselves. This article attempts to observe various zakat productive programs initiated by zakat institutions in Indonesia and also analyze their implications in empowering the poors and increase their level of wellbeing. The case study in this paper is Baitul Mal Aceh and Baznas Indonesia.
Real-Time Pricing for Smart Grid with Multiple Companies and Multiple Users Using Two-Stage Optimization
Authors: Tao Li , Gao Yan 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIn this paper, we focus on the real-time interactions among multiple utility companies and multiple users and formulate real-time pricing (RTP) as a two-stage optimization problem. At the first stage, based on cost function, we propose a continuous supply function bidding mechanism to model the utility companies’ profit maximization problem, by which the analytic expression of electricity price is further derived. At the second stage, considering that individually optimal solution may not be socially optimal, we employ convex optimization with linear constraints to model the price anticipating users’ daily payoff maximum. Substitute the analytic expression of electricity price obtained at the first stage into the optimization problem at the second stage. Using customized proximal point algorithm (C-PPA), the optimization problem at the second stage is solved and electricity price is obtained accordingly. We also prove the existence and uniqueness of the Nash equilibrium in the mentioned two-stage optimization and the convergence of C-PPA. In addition, in order to make the algorithm more practical, a statistical approach is used to obtain the function of price only through online information exchange, instead of solving it directly. The proposed approach offers RTP, power production and load scheduling for multiple utility companies and multiple users in smart grid. Statistical approach helps to protect the company’s privacy and avoid the interference of random factors, and C-PPA has an advantage over Lagrangian algorithm because the former need not obtain the objection function of the dual optimization problem by solving an optimization problem with parameters. Simulation results show that the proposed framework can significantly reduce peak time loading and efficiently balance system energy distribution.
Study of polymorphisms of UGT1A1 and DPYD genes in chemotherapy for colorectal cancer
Authors: Timoshkina N. N. , Bogomolova O. A. , Zhuzhelenko I. A. , Kabanov S. N. , Kalabanova E. A. , Mitashok I. S. , Svetitskaya Ya. V. , Vodolazhskii D. I. 
Published: January 2019

Background. The personalized approach implies an individual choice of medicines and their doses for the patient, providing the most effective and safe pharmacotherapy. Objective: analysis of the frequencies of UGT1A1 and DPYD polymorphisms and comparison of genotyping data with irinotecan and 5-fluorouracil-induced toxicity, respectively.Materials and Methods. Venous blood of 94 Caucasian patients (46 men and 48 women, median age 61 years). The *6 and *28 UGT1A1 alleles were identified by pyrosequencing, and the *2А DPYD allele was identified by Real-time PCR.Results. The genotyping of 94 patients with colon cancer did not reveal the *2A SNP in the DPYD gene. The frequency rate of the *6 and *28 alleles of the UGT1A1 gene was 0.346 and 0.016, respectively. 24 % of patients receiving chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil developed side effects associated with the circulatory system and the gastrointestinal tract. Hematological and nonhematological toxic reactions were noted in 48 % and 50 % of patients receiving irinotecan. Severe bilirubinemia was associated with the *28/*28 UGT1A1 genotype. The presence of a high-risk genotype (*28/*1, *28/*28 UGT1A1) correlated with the development of side effects (p=0.040).Conclusion. The absence of carriers of the *2А DPYD allele in the sample with a significant proportion of pronounced adverse toxic reactions to 5-fluorouracil causes the need for the inclusion of new polymorphisms of the DPYD gene in pharmacogenetic testing. The inclusion of genotyping of UGT1A1 polymorphisms into a complex of preliminary examination is advisable when planning treatment with irinotecan.
The efficacy of prognosis and early diagnostics of fetal growth retardation
Authors: Degtyareva E. A. , Zakharova O. A. , Kufa M. A. , Kantemirova M. G. , Radzinskiy V. E. 
Published: January 2019

The fetal growth retardation takes one of the leading places in the structure of perinatal morbidity and mortality. The frequency of this pregnancy complication in Russia is high – from 3% to 24% among full-term infants and from 18% to 46% among premature newborns. The article analyzes the capabilities of various diagnostic methods for predicting fetal growth retardation. The more indicators are included in the review the more effective isitsreliability in the formation of risk groupsforthis pathology and more effective measures to prevent fetal growth retardation can be taken.Conflict of interest: The authors of this article confirmed the lack of conflict of interest and financial support, which should be reported.
Clinical manifestations of herpes simplex virus infection in children with atopic dermatitis
Authors: Tamrazova O. B. , Chebotareva T. A. , Stadnikova A. S. , Taganov A. V. 
Published: January 2019

Atopic dermatitis is a disease of early childhood. Most children are infected with the herpes simplex virus at this age. The changes in the congenital and adaptive immunity in children with atopic dermatitis create precondition for the development of infectious complications, including those caused by herpes viruses. The authors of the article discuss details of various clinical manifestations of herpes infection in children with atopic dermatitis and they carry out differential diagnostics. Particular attention is paid to herpes eczema – the severe complication of atopic dermatitis in the course of disseminated herpes infection.Conflict of interest: The authors of this article confirmed the lack of conflict of interest and financial support, which should be reported.
Enhanced phosphate adsorption on Ca-Mg-loaded biochar derived from tobacco stems
Authors: Yi Man , Chen Yucheng 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Tobacco stems were used as precursors to prepare biochars (YGs) and develop Ca-Mg-loaded biochars (CMYGs) to enhance phosphate adsorption from aqueous solutions. Some influencing factors, such as pH, adsorption time, temperature, and structure characterization, were investigated. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra and X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns showed several new peaks, indicating that Mg(OH)2 and MgO have been present on the surface of the CMYGs. The adsorption could reach equilibrium in 100 min reaction. The equilibrium data were well described by the Langmuir and Freundlich model. After five recycles, the phosphate removal capacity of CMYGs biochar retained over 50%. Moreover, the XRD and FTIR analyses showed that the phosphate sorption mechanisms involved surface electrostatic attraction, inner-sphere complexation and precipitation reactions. Overall, the soaking method could be used to effectively load Mg2+ onto the surface of YGs. The CMYGs synthesized at 750 °C is a promising adsorbent for phosphate removal with a high adsorption capacity for phosphate-polluted wastewater.
Effect of the loam inter-layer on the migration and breakthrough of benzene under constant flow in the unsaturated zone: column experiments
Authors: Guo Leilei , Qian Lin , Xu Mo , Zhang Yunhui , Kang Xiaobing , Xiao Xianxuan , Zhang Qiang 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The reliable prediction of transport and attenuation of dissolved-phase contamination in the unsaturated zone is a complex and multi-process problem. Based on the adsorption properties of soil samples to solutes, the soil column test and laboratory analysis were carried out in this study. The effects of the loam inter-layer on the migration and breakthrough of the characteristic pollutant benzene and non-absorbent Br− were studied. The results showed that the relatively high clay content of the inter-layer significantly changed the BTC (breakthrough curve). It not only delayed the migration time of benzene into the aquifer but also to some extent produced an attenuation effect, effectively reducing the content of the characteristic pollutants through the unsaturated zone. The dispersion coefficient was obtained through the measured Br−. The theoretical values were calculated and compared with the experimental data by using a one-dimensional unsaturated solute transport equation. The result was basically consistent, which proved the validity and reliability of the model. Through the BTC of benzene, the retardation factor was obtained and used to describe the influence of the loam inter-layer on the migration and breakthrough, which could provide the basis for the accurate modeling of groundwater remediation projects.
Synthesis of a novel visible light responsive γ-Fe2O3/SiO2/C-TiO2 magnetic nanocomposite for water treatment
Authors: Mungondori Henry H. , Ramujana Spencer , Katwire David M. , Taziwa Raymond T. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis work investigates the preparation of a magnetically recoverable photocatalytic nanocomposite of maghemite nanoparticles coated with silica and carbon doped titanium dioxide. The novel nanocomposite boasts the advantages of efficient photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants in water and ease of recovery of the fine particles after water treatment. The photocatalytic nanocomposite was successfully synthesized through a stepwise approach via co-precipitation and sol-gel methods. Characterisation by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) substantiated the existence of the intended structure of the nanocomposite and the particles were found to be in the size range of 15–22 nm with a quasi-spherical shape. Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area analysis revealed an average surface area of 55.20 m2/g, which is higher than that of commercial TiO2 (Degussa P25, 50.00 m2/g), and an average pore diameter of 8.36 nm. A 5 ppm methylene blue solution was degraded with an efficiency of 96.8% after 3 h of solar irradiation, which was 19.7% greater than using the same photo-catalyst under strict UV light irradiation. Photo-catalysis using these nanoparticles was observed to be very effective. The prepared novel visible light active nanocomposite has great potential for incorporation into water treatment systems because it exhibits good stability and magnetism, as well as high photocatalytic efficiency.
Identification of Therapeutically Active Molecules against Anthrax through Structure and Ligand based Drug Design
Authors: Nandi Sisir , Saxena Mridula , Saxena Anil Kumar 
Published: January 2019

Background:
People suffer from fatal diseases which are responsible for mortality. Potent
devices and medicines are being developed to fight diseases caused by the microorganism for saving the
lives of individuals. Highly pathogenic viruses and bacteria are being incorporated into biological warfare,
which has become a major threat to mankind and causes the destruction of lives in a short span of
time.

Objective:
The pathogen Bacillus anthracis, which is the causative of anthrax, is used in bioterrorism.
Efforts are therefore being made to study the progress of biodefense drug discovery research in combating
anthrax-based bioterrorism.

Methods:
This review describes the present status of the studies ontherapeutic measurement of anthrax
toxin inhibitors towards inhibition of protective antigen, lethal and edema factors using chemometric and
drug design tools to explore essential structural features for further design of active congeneric compounds.

Results:
The inhibitors estimated to show high activity through different models may be proposed for
further synthesis and testing of biological activity in terms of anthrax toxin inhibition and cytotoxicity
testing by in vitro and in vivo assays.

Conclusion:
Such an attempt is an insight of biodefense drug design against the dreadful threat to the
nation due to anthrax-based terrorism and biological warfare.
Five Decades of Cuprizone, an Updated Model to Replicate Demyelinating Diseases
Authors: Vega-Riquer Jose M. , Mendez-Victoriano Gerardo , Morales-Luckie Raul A. , Gonzalez-Perez Oscar 
Published: January 2019

Introduction:Demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) comprise a group of neurological disorders characterized by progressive (and eventually irreversible) loss of oligodendrocytes and myelin sheaths in the white matter tracts. Some of myelin disorders include: Multiple sclerosis, Guillain-Barré syndrome, peripheral nerve polyneuropathy and others. To date, the etiology of these disorders is not well known and no effective treatments are currently available against them. Therefore, further research is needed to gain a better understand and treat these patients. To accomplish this goal, it is necessary to have appropriate animal models that closely resemble the pathophysiology and clinical signs of these diseases. Herein, we describe the model of toxic demyelination induced by cuprizone (CPZ), a copper chelator that reduces the cytochrome and monoamine oxidase activity into the brain, produces mitochondrial stress and triggers the local immune response. These biochemical and cellular responses ultimately result in selective loss of oligodendrocytes and microglia accumulation, which conveys to extensive areas of demyelination and gliosis in corpus callosum, superior cerebellar peduncles and cerebral cortex. Remarkably, some aspects of the histological pattern induced by CPZ are similar to those found in multiple sclerosis. CPZ exposure provokes behavioral changes, impairs motor skills and affects mood as that observed in several demyelinating diseases. Upon CPZ removal, the pathological and histological changes gradually revert. Therefore, some authors have postulated that the CPZ model allows to partially mimic the disease relapses observed in some demyelinating diseases.Conclusion:for five decades, the model of CPZ-induced demyelination is a good experimental approach to study demyelinating diseases that has maintained its validity, and is a suitable pharmacological model for reproducing some key features of demyelinating diseases, including multiple sclerosis.
Design, Synthesis and Antiproliferative Evaluation of Novel 1,2,4-Triazole/Schiff Base Hybrids with EGFR and B-RAF Inhibitory Activities
Authors: El-Sherief Hany A.M. , Youssif Bahaa G.M. , Abdelazeem Ahmed H. , Abdel-Aziz Mohamed , Abdel-Rahman Hamdy M. 
Published: January 2019

Background:
1,2,4-triazoles possess a broad spectrum of biological activities such as analgesic,
antimicrobial, antitubercular, anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic activities. This heterocycle and their derivatives
were included into a wide variety of therapeutically interesting drugs. Hence, it is of great interest to explore
new 1,2,4-triazoles as cytotoxic agents targeting EGFR, B-Raf kinases.

Methods:
The final compounds 9a-b, 10a-b, 11a-b, 12a-b, 13a-b and 14a-f were prepared by refluxing a mixture
of triazole 3a-b and 7a-d with the corresponding benzaldehyde derivatives 8a-d in absolute ethanol to afford
the target final compounds in good yields. The newly synthesized triazole-containing compounds were
assessed according to standard protocols for their in vitro antiproliferative activity against four human cancer
cell lines including human pancreas cancer cell line (Panc-1), pancreatic carcinoma cells (PaCa-2), colon cancer
cells (HT-29) and lung cancer cells (H-460) using the propidium iodide (PI) fluorescence assay. Compounds 9a
and 13a were evaluated against EGFR, B-Raf and Tubulin anticancer targets.

Results:
Compounds 9a, 9b, 10a, 11a, 12a, 13a and 13b showed remarkable antiproliferative activity against
the tested cell lines with IC50 range of 1.3-5.9µM. Compounds 9a and 13a with the least IC50 values in the anticancer
screening assay were tested against three known anticancer targets including EGFR, B-Raf kinase and
Tubulin. The results revealed that compound 13a showed the highest potency against B-Raf and EGFR kinases
with IC50 = 0.7 and 1.9 µM, respectively.

Conclusion:
1,2,4-triazoles reported herein are potent EGFR, B-Raf inhibitors. These lead compounds will be
subjected to more detailed mechanistic studies.
B Lymphocytes Are Predictors of Insulin Resistance in Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Zhuang Yan , Zhang Jin , Li Yiwei , Gu Hongqin , Zhao Jinyan , Sun Ya , Wang Rencheng , Zhang Chunyan , Chen Wen , Weng Jianrong , Qi Lan , Lu Huifang , Zhang Jiarong , Liu Qin , He Yinyan , Xu Xianming 
Published: January 2019

Backgroud:
The present study aimed to investigate the association between immune cells
and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and identify a reasonable predictor of insulin resistance in
women with GDM.

Objective:
The clinical and biochemical characteristics of 124 women with GDM and 168 healthy
pregnant women were compared.

Methods:
The percentage of immune cells in the blood of the subjects was analyzed by flow cytometry.
Pearson’s correlation analysis revealed the correlation between the percentage of B lymphocytes
and insulin resistance. A cutoff point was determined for the percentage of B lymphocytes, based on
insulin resistance, using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.

Results:
Compared to the healthy pregnant women, the percentages of B lymphocytes and IgA produced
by B-cells were significantly different in women with GDM. The percentage of B lymphocytes
was positively related to insulin resistance.The number of 14.05% of B lymphocytes was an optimal
cutoff point that predicted the insulin resistance in women with GDM.

Conclusion:
The percentage of B lymphocytes was positively associated with insulin resistance, and
hence, might serve as an appropriate predictor of insulin resistance in women with GDM.
The Effect Of Topical Antihistamines Used Single Dose Daily in Allergic Conjunctivitis
Authors: Erdogan Hakika , Cam Ozlem 
Published: January 2019

Background and Objective:
To evaluate the efficacy of 0.2% olopatadine and to compare olopatadine 0.1%, ketotifen 0.025% and emadastine 0.05% in the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis.

Methods:
In this retrospectively designed study, we investigated the files of patients who had been diagnosed with perineal or seasonal allergic conjunctivitis in the teaching hospital of Maltepe University between April 2017 and July 2017. We divided the patients into four groups. The patients in each group had similar symptoms and scores before medication. The first, second, third and fourth groups were prescribed olapatadine 0.1%, olopatadine 0.2%, ketotifen 0.025% and emedastine 0.05%, respectively. We evaluated the symptoms and signs of the patients on the 15th day after treatment, and compared the results between the groups.

Results:
We investigated the files of 80 patients. There were 20 patients in each group. We evaluated the symptoms and finding scores after treatment. The symptoms and findings of allergic conjunctivitis had improved in all the four groups. There was no difference in the treatment responses between the four groups.

Conclusion:
Olopatadine 0.2%, olopatadine 0.1%, ketotifen 0.025% and emedastine 0.05% were all equally effective in improving the signs and symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis.