bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Considering the Costs: Resin 3D Printing for a Temporal Bone Dissection Course
Authors: Nwosu Obinna I. , Quesnel Alicia M. , Crowson Matthew G. , Gray Stacey T. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSignificant costs associated with obtaining cadaveric temporal bones (TBs) have led many to seek more cost‐effective alternatives for TB surgical simulation. Multiple studies support the face validity of resin 3‐dimensional (3D)‐printed TBs as high‐fidelity, useful alternatives for simulating TB dissection. However, a paucity of literature describes the cost or time associated with in‐house manufacturing of resin TBs at scale. This paper reviews the hardware and manufacturing costs, and time required for in‐house development of resin TB models for an annual dissection course. An open‐source library of TB models was queried for a candidate model which was edited for optimal printing on a recently developed resin 3D printer. In the described workflow, we were able to 3D‐print 60 TB models at $6.40 each, for a total material cost of $384.10, less than the price of a single cadaveric TB specimen (∼$400‐$700).
Preparation and Application of Molecularly Imprinted Polymers for Alkaloids: Review
Authors: Fang Chuanjian , Wang Jing , Gu Zhengwei , Han Chunchao 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTAs a widely occurring natural product, alkaloids have garnered increasing attention in drug research and development. The efficient, convenient, and environmentally friendly separation and detection of alkaloid compounds from diverse natural products has garnered increasing attention in recent research. Molecular imprinting technology (MIT) is recognized as an effective method for the selective extraction and separation of alkaloids from complex samples due to its capacity for specific recognition. To date, no comprehensive review has been published on the separation and purification of alkaloids using MIT, particularly regarding the sustainability aspects of this technology. In this paper, we review the general preparation methods of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) for alkaloids, including bulk polymerization, precipitation polymerization, magnetic polymerization, and emulsion polymerization. Additionally, we summarize various applications of MIPs for alkaloids, such as different forms of MIP‐based solid phase extraction (MISPE) and MIP‐based sensors for alkaloids detection. Finally, we address some unresolved issues and anticipate future developments in the field.
Daylight Photoluminescence Imaging: Quantitative Analysis of String Voltage Mismatch and Balancing Currents
Authors: Trupke Thorsten , Kunz Oliver , Weber Juergen W. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTLarge‐scale daylight photoluminescence imaging of crystalline silicon solar panels in utility‐scale solar farms, whereby luminescence images of several hundred to thousands of panels are acquired simultaneously, was demonstrated by our group recently. Here, we demonstrate that photoluminescence images of large solar farm sections that are connected to the same central inverter uniquely contain quantitative information about voltage mismatch between series‐connected strings of modules resulting from voltage variations between groups of modules. These voltage variations cause significant balancing currents between module strings when no or only low power is extracted from the solar farm. The impact of these balancing currents on the luminescence intensity is discussed. An analytical model to correct daylight photoluminescence images for these balancing currents is proposed and validated using experimental data.
The Role of Cartilage Tissue Engineering in Osteoarthritis Treatment: The Bench to Bedside Translation
Authors: Mukherjee Anwesha , Sarkar Satarupa , Poundarik Atharva , Das Bodhisatwa 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTCartilage tissue engineering holds huge promise for joint defects and osteoarthritis (OA) conditions which otherwise have limited treatment options due to cartilage's inherent inability to self‐repair. Chemical cues play a pivotal role in regulating chondrocyte behavior and matrix synthesis. Strategies utilizing growth factors, small molecules, and biomaterial‐based delivery systems aim to modulate chondrogenic differentiation, proliferation, and matrix deposition, while recent insights emphasize the significance of mimicking native tissue gradients for optimal regeneration outcomes. Mechanical stimuli profoundly influence chondrocyte phenotype and function, necessitating precise control of the mechanical microenvironment in tissue engineering strategies. Advances in biomaterial design, scaffold fabrication, and bioreactor systems facilitate the tailored modulation of mechanical cues, including substrate stiffness, topography, and dynamic loading regimes. This review showcases the latest advancements in engineering both the chemical and mechanical microenvironment to enhance chondrocyte regeneration. Furthermore, exploring the synergistic effects of combining chemical and mechanical cues underscores the importance of multifaceted approaches in promoting robust chondrocyte regeneration. The review also addresses challenges and future directions in the field, such as achieving spatially organized tissue architecture and integrating patient‐specific factors, to propel advancements in cartilage tissue engineering. We also conducted a comprehensive enlistment for the clinical trials and tissue engineering‐based marketed products for OA therapy.
Psychometric Properties of the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD‐7) in Older Adults With Advanced Cancer
Authors: Saracino Rebecca M. , Kehoe Lee A. , Sohn Michael B. , Wang Lu , Mohile Supriya , Wells Megan , Mustian Karen , Morrow Gary , Bradley Thomas , Onitilo Adedayo , Giguere Jeffrey , McConnell Kelly M. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivesOver half of new cancer diagnoses occur in patients aged 65 or older, with up to 40% experiencing anxiety. The American Society of Clinical Oncology recommends using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD‐7) for anxiety screening, but the GAD‐7 psychometric properties in this population are unknown. This study examined the GAD‐7's reliability, validity, and item parameters, comparing its utility with the GAD‐2 in older adults with cancer.MethodsThis cross‐sectional secondary analysis of a nationwide multi‐site two‐arm cluster randomized trial in older adults (≥ 70) with advanced cancer. The GAD‐7 was administered at baseline. Properties were evaluated with Cronbach's α, Pearson correlation coefficients, and a 2‐parameter logistic model. Logistic regression models compared the GAD‐2 and GAD‐7.ResultsThe sample included 718 participants (Mean age = 77, SD = 5) with mild anxiety (M = 3.74, SD = 4.74). Internal consistency was strong (Cronbach's alpha = 0.89) and item‐total correlations ranged 0.53 to 0.78. Item 2 (Not being able to stop or control worrying) was the most discriminating and item 5 (Being so restless that it is hard to sit still) was least discriminating. Area Under the Curve (AUC) analyses demonstrated the GAD‐2 had a 0.93–0.96 AUC.ConclusionsEstablishing the psychometric properties of anxiety screening measures is crucial in the older adults with cancer to maximize referral efficiency and accuracy. This study indicates that the GAD‐7 is reliable and valid for older adults with cancer. Analyses suggest the GAD‐2 may be as sufficient as the GAD‐7 in identifying anxiety in older adults with cancer, thereby reducing assessment burden.
A Comparison of Variance Estimators for Logistic Regression Models Estimated Using Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) in the Context of Observational Health Services Research
Authors: Austin Peter C. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTIn observational health services research, researchers often use clustered data to estimate the independent association between individual outcomes and several cluster‐level covariates after adjusting for individual‐level characteristics. Generalized estimating equations are a popular method for estimating generalized linear models using clustered data. The conventional Liang–Zeger variance estimator is known to result in estimated standard errors that are biased low when the number of clusters in small. Alternative variance estimators have been proposed for use when the number of clusters is low. Previous studies focused on these alternative variance estimators in the context of cluster randomized trials, which are often characterized by a small number of clusters and by an outcomes regression model that often consists of a single cluster‐level variable (the treatment/exposure variable). We addressed the following questions: (i) which estimator is preferred for estimating the standard errors of cluster‐level covariates for logistic regression models with multiple binary and continuous cluster‐level variables in addition to subject‐level variables; (ii) in such settings, how many clusters are required for the Liang–Zeger variance estimator to have acceptable performance for estimating the standard errors of cluster‐level covariates. We suggest that when estimating standard errors: (i) when the number of clusters is < 15 use the Kauermann–Carroll estimator; (ii) when the number of clusters is between 15 and 40 use the Fay–Graubard estimator; (iii) when the number of clusters exceeds 40, use the Liang–Zeger estimator or the Fay–Graubard estimator. When estimating confidence intervals, we suggest using the Mancl–DeRouen estimator with a t‐distribution.
Self‐Powered Machine‐Learning‐Assisted Material Identification Enabled by a Thermogalvanic Dual‐Network Hydrogel with a High Thermopower
Authors: Li Yunsheng , Wang Wenxu , Cui Xiaojing , Li Ning , Ma Xueliang , Wang Zhaosu , Nie Yuyou , Huang Zhiquan , Zhang Hulin 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWearable devices equipped with high‐performance flexible sensors that can identify diverse physical information free from batteries are playing an indispensable role in various fields. However, previous studies on flexible sensors have primarily focused on their elasticity and temperature‐sensing capability, with few reports on material identification. In this paper, a thermogalvanic dual‐network hydrogel is fabricated with [Fe(CN)6]3‐/4− as a redox couple and lithium magnesium silicate, Gdm+ and lithium bromide as key electrolytes to optimize the interconnected porous structure of the gel, which shows excellent mechanical and thermoelectric properties with a thermopower as high as 4.01 mV K−1. A self‐powered material identification ring is developed based on the temperature‐triggered thermoelectric response of the gel in conjunction with machine learning, which can actively infer materials without an external power connection by analyzing the voltage signals correlated with interfacial heat transfer produced upon contact with different materials. The proposed gel ring has important applications for future areas such as human–computer interaction and haptic‐associated artificial intelligence.
Van der Waals GeSe with Strain‐ and Gate‐Tunable Linear Dichroism for Wearable Electronics
Authors: Gao Yangjun , Zhang Chenhao , Zhao Liangjie , Zheng Xuanli , Cao Yiyan , Xu Feiya , Zhang Chunmiao , Wu Zhiming , Wu Yaping , Li Xu , Kang Junyong 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe direct detection of light polarization poses a crucial challenge in the field of optoelectronics and photonics. Herein, the tunable linear dichroism (LD) in GeSe‐based polarized photodetectors is presented through electronic and structural asymmetry modulation, and demonstrate their application prospects in wearable electronics. An improvement in the dichroic ratio up to 34% is achieved under a gate voltage of 20 V, and the improvement reaches 44% by applying a tensile strain along the zigzag direction. Theoretical calculations reveal that the gate regulation of barrier height between GeSe and Au electrodes is responsible for the electrical‐tunable LD, while the anisotropic optical absorption in response to strains leads to the strain‐tunable LD. Moreover, flexible GeSe transistors are developed for wearable applications including motion sensors and glucose monitors. This study offers viable approaches for modulating the optical anisotropy of low‐dimensional materials and emphasizes the versatility of van der Waals materials for practical applications in wearable electronic devices.
Experimental Realization of Fluoroborophene
Authors: Morey Mukul M. , Bahadur Rohan , Li Zhixuan , Dharmarajan Nithinraj P. , Fawaz Mohammed , Bandyopadhyay Arkamita , Chahal Sumit , Ansah Solomon , Singh Raman R. K. , Terrones Mauricio , Kumar Prashant , Vinu Ajayan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBorophene, an anisotropic metallic Dirac material exhibits superlative physical and chemical properties. While the lack of bandgap restricts its electronic chip applications, insufficient charge carrier density and electrochemical/catalytically active sites, restricts its energy storage and catalysis applications. Fluorination of borophene can induce bandgap and yield local electron injection within its crystallographic lattice. Herein, a facile synthesis of fluoroborophene with tunable fluorine content through potassium fluoride‐assisted solvothermal‐sonochemical combinatorial approach is reported. Fluoroborophene monolayers with lateral dimension 50 nm–5 µm are synthesized having controlled fluorine content (12–35%). Fluoroborophene exhibits inter‐twinned crystallographic structure, with fluorination‐tunable visible‐range bandgap ≈1.5–2.5 eV, and density functional theory calculations also corroborate it. Fluoroborophene is explored for electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction in an alkaline medium and bestow a good stability. Tunable bandgap, electrophilicity and molecular anchoring capability of fluoroborophene will open opportunities for novel electronic/optoelectronic/spintronic chips, energy storage devices, and in numerous catalytic applications.
Omnidens appendages and the origin of radiodont mouthparts
Authors: Li Wei , Yang Jie , Yang Xiaoyu , Dhungana Alavya , Wang Yu , Zhang Xiguang , Smith Martin R. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe sophisticated, modular and adaptable body plan of arthropods underpins their dominance in marine invertebrate communities. The origin of this body plan from legged lobopodian worms can be inferred from Cambrian Konservat‐Lagerstätten, but our understanding retains some notable gaps: not least in the transition from swimming lobopodians such as Kerygmachela and Pambdelurion to robustly sclerotized radiodonts such as Anomalocaris. A large Pambdelurion‐like fossil from the Xiaoshiba biota, Omnidens qiongqii sp. nov., exhibits a novel combination of characters: an oral apparatus with a non‐radial configuration; and centimetric talon‐like grasping structures with heavily sclerotized blade‐like spines. The novel morphology broadens the interpretative framework for associated Cambrian taxa, demonstrating continuity in the morphology of euarthropod appendages prior to the origin of podomeres. A reappraisal of the euarthropod stem lineage suggests that radially arranged mouthparts may be a radiodont novelty, rather than an inheritance from the ancestral ecdysozoan. These results further resolve the evolutionary origins of the euarthropod body plan.
Ensuring the Correctness and Reliability of CBPS System Using Event‐B
Authors: Hussein Toman Sarah , Hamel Lazhar , Lahouij Aida , Hussein Toman Zinah , Graiet Mohamed 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTDuring the early phases of software system development, error detection can be challenging due to the complexity of both the requirements and the operating environments. This paper advocates for the utilization of formal modelling and verification throughout the first phases of systems development to promptly detect and correct errors. The formalism employed throughout is Event‐B, which is backed by the Rodin toolset. To conquer requirements complexity, the frameworks of set theory and first‐order logic are employed, which provide the necessary tools for formalizing and analysing the properties and behaviours associated with Event‐B. Also, we detail the way in which modelling may be used to achieve abstraction, as well as the way in which refinement can be used to manage complexity through layering. Furthermore, we emphasize the significance of model validation and verification in improving the precision of formal models and requirements in IoT communication systems. The model is exemplified using a Content‐Based Publish Subscribe System (CBPS), with a special emphasis on a fire alarm system as a motivating example.
Circularity Tools and Frameworks for New Buildings
Authors: Güngör Bengü , Agibayeva Akmaral , Karaca Ferhat , Askar Rand , Giarma Christina , Rosado Leonardo , Pineda-Martos Rocío , Griffiths Philip , Bragança Luís 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe assessment of circularity in new building projects necessitates consideration of diverse factors such as material choice, design strategies, construction methods, operational efficiency, and end-of-life practices. Various tools and methodologies have been developed to aid stakeholders in the construction industry in evaluating these aspects and making informed decisions. With the dynamic evolution of the circular economy, understanding current circular practices is crucial for identifying areas needing enhancement. However, the absence of a tandardized approach poses a challenge, with existing methods often either too broad or narrowly focused on specific circular elements. This limits the comprehensive evaluation of system performance. Addressing these challenges requires practical tools, particularly for early design stages, that integrate quantitative methods to ensure circularity and environmental performance goals are met efficiently. This chapter reviews existing circularity assessment parameters, discusses aggregation methods for criteria and indicators, and evaluates available tools to guide researchers, practitioners, and policymakers in advancing circular practices in construction.
Driving the Built Environment Twin Transition: Synergising Circular Economy and Digital Tools
Authors: Askar Rand , Karaca Ferhat , Salles Adriana , Lukyanenko Artyom , Cervantes Puma Genesis Camila , Tavares Vanessa , Khaidarova Assemay , Nadaždi Ana , Pineda-Martos Rocío , Díaz-Cabrera Juan Manuel , Honic Meliha , de Wolf Catherine , Cinar Resulogulari Emriye , Karatas Ibrahim , Gervásio Helena , Bragança Luís 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis chapter offers a comprehensive analysis of the intersection between digitalisation and the circular economy (CE) within the construction sector. It underscores the transformative potential of integrating digital tools to advance circularity objectives across managerial, environmental, economic, and social dimensions. The chapter discusses fourteen digital tools and technologies, which play a pivotal role in CE by streamlining data integration and visualisation, enhancing the accuracy of Life Cycle Costing (LCC) and Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) assessments, and supporting the adoption of CE strategies. Moreover, it explores how digital tools can facilitate collaboration among stakeholders, fostering knowledge sharing and effective communication throughout the project lifecycle. Nevertheless, challenges such as the absence of standardised methods, data interoperability issues, and the need for well-defined system boundaries remain. The chapter highlights the critical role of digitalisation in advancing the transition towards CE in the construction sector, emphasising the necessity of overcoming technical and systemic obstacles to fully harness the potential of digital tools in implementing CE. This transition aligns with the broader ambitions of the European Green Deal and the EU Digital Strategy, aiming to create a more sustainable, efficient, and resilient construction industry. By addressing these challenges and leveraging digitalisation, the construction sector can make a significant contribution to a sustainable and circular economy, ultimately benefiting both the environment and society.
Circular Materials—A Multiscale Approach to Circularity at a Building, Components and Materials Level
Authors: Pineda-Martos Rocío , Kahraman İlker , Cervantes Puma Genesis Camila , Ungureanu Viorel , Paes de Barros Gomide Fernanda , Buzatu Raluca 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSustainable practices and strategies to enhance resource efficiency while minimising waste in buildings and their constituent elements are key towards circularity at the urban built environment. In this chapter three implementation scales, under the paradigm of the circular economy (CE), are measured—i.e., buildings, components and materials—, considering both new and existing buildings’ implementations. Aspects such as design for adaptability and flexibility, modular and flexible spaces and concepts, energy and water efficiency are discussed. By implementing CE strategies at the component-level using a multipronged approach would extend the lifespan and contribute to environmental and economic sustainability. This includes the refurbishment and upgrading of components and the adoption of modular construction techniques, among other techniques and solutions. The last part of the chapter presents the concept of circular materials and its circularity potential at promote extended product lifecycles and transforming waste into valuable resources. Integrating sustainable and circular design principles within construction practices is proposed towards more sustainable and resource-efficient industries’ transformations.
Energy Systems and Building Services Level
Authors: De Simone Marilena , Griffiths Philip , Campagna Daniele , Itanola Moses 
Published: October 2024

AbstractResearch and technological developments have mainly focused on increasing the energy efficiency of buildings, improving the thermal properties of the envelope and reducing energy consumption. Another critical issue is related to waste reduction and implementation of circular economy frameworks. Moreover, building services have a significant impact upon the health of users and any application of the circular economy has to consider the effect on the occupants’ well-being. In this chapter, two aspects are considered: the first relates to the building systems which utilise energy for heating, cooling, ventilation, electrical supply; the second concerns the systems converting the energy from the sun, wind, and soil. Regarding the usage of energy in buildings, the types of materials applied in building services are categorised including metals, plastics, electronic components, etc. The barriers to the adoption of circular supply chain management are illustrated collecting information from the literature, especially in the air conditioning sector. Then, the electricity and thermal energy production from renewable sources are presented in the light of implementing a circular economy at the building and urban scale. Solar, both PV and thermal, wind, and geothermal technologies are illustrated in terms of trends in installation and prediction of waste production. Best practices of recycling are illustrated from projects, industrial processes, and companies. The collected information highlights the need for closer collaboration between the involved stakeholders, starting from the citizens and extending to all members of the design, construction, and building management professions.