bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multi‐target attention and visual short‐term memory capacity are closely linked in the intraparietal sulcus
Authors: Praß Maren , de Haan Bianca 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe existing literature suggests a critical role for both the right intraparietal sulcus (IPS) and the right temporo‐parietal junction (TPJ) in our ability to attend to multiple simultaneously‐presented lateralized targets (multi‐target attention), and the failure of this ability in extinction patients. Currently, however, the precise role of each of these areas in multi‐target attention is unclear. In this study, we combined the theory of visual attention (TVA) with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) guided continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS) in neurologically healthy subjects to directly investigate the role of the right IPS and TPJ in multi‐target attention. Our results show that cTBS at an area of the right IPS associated with multi‐target attention elicits a reduction of visual short‐term memory capacity. This suggests that the right IPS is associated with a general capacity‐limited encoding mechanism that is engaged regardless of whether targets have to be attended or remembered. Curiously, however, cTBS to the right IPS failed to elicit extinction‐like behavior in our study, supporting previous suggestions that different areas of the right IPS may provide different contributions to multi‐target attention. CTBS to the right TPJ failed to induce a change in either TVA parameters or extinction‐like behavior.
Ipsilateral neck radiotherapy in N2b well‐lateralized tonsil cancer – Approach with caution
Authors: Maskell David , Buckley Hannah , Sission Katherine , Roques Tom , Geropantas Konstantinos 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundTreatment of the uninvolved neck in well‐lateralized tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma is controversial. We became concerned after a number of contralateral neck recurrences (CNRs) in patients receiving ipsilateral radiotherapy (RT).MethodsThis is a single center retrospective series including patients with well‐lateralized tonsillar cancer treated with ipsilateral neck RT between 2004 and 2011.ResultsWe identified 53 patients treated with ipsilateral neck RT during the study period. The rate of CNR was 7.5% (4 of 53). All four patients had p16‐positive, T1, N2b, M0 tumors. The subgroup of patients with N2b disease (28 of 53) had a CNR of 14.3%. We subsequently switched to treat patients with N2b with bilateral neck RT. We analyzed the outcomes of 23 patients with N2b treated with bilateral neck intensity‐modulated RT (IMRT) and observed no CNRs.ConclusionsWe observed a higher than expected rate of CNR in the N2b population. Bilateral neck IMRT for these patients represents a safe alternative.
Mixed convective peristaltic flow of Eyring‐Prandtl fluid with chemical reaction and variable electrical conductivity in a tapered asymmetric channel
Authors: Eldabe Nabil T. , Moatimid Galal M. , ElShekhipy Abdelhafeez A. , Aballah Naglaa F. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe influence of inconstant electrical conductivity and chemical reaction on the peristaltic motion of non‐Newtonian Eyring‐Prandtl fluid inside a tapered asymmetric channel is investigated. The system is concerned by a uniform external magnetic field. The heat and mass transfer are considered. The problem is controlled mathematically by a system of nonlinear partial differential equations which describe the velocity, temperature, and nanoparticle concentration of the fluid. By means of long wavelength and low Reynolds numbers, our system is simplified. It is explained by using the multi‐step differential transform method as a semi‐analytical technique. The distributions of velocity, temperature, nanoparticle concentration, as well as pressure gradient and pressure rise are obtained as a function of the physical parameters of the problem. The effects of these parameters on these distributions are deliberated numerically and illustrated graphically through a set of figures. The results indicate that the parameters play a significant role in controlling the velocity, temperature, nanoparticle concentration, pressure gradient, and pressure rise.
Stefan Blowing and Slip Effects on Unsteady Nanofluid Transport Past a Shrinking Sheet: Multiple Solutions
Authors: Dero Sumera , Uddin Md. Jashim , Rohni Azizah Mohd 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe aim of a present article is to investigate the laminar unsteady two‐dimensional boundary layer flow of a nanofluid with Stefan blowing and slip effect. First, governing boundary layer equations are converted in the ordinary form of the differential equations (ODEs) from partial differential equations using appropriate coordinate transformations. The obtained ODEs are then solved by applying a shooting method with the Runge‐Kutta fourth order method by implementation of the Maple software. The influences of different controlling dimensionless parameters over the dimensionless velocity, temperature, concentration, friction factor, local heat as well as mass transfer have been discussed and represented by plots. It is found that there exist dual solutions for the different applied nanofluid parameters along with the blowing parameter. The results reveal that by increasing the values of the Brownian motion (Nb), thermophoresis (Nt) and blowing parameters (fw), the skin friction increases (decreases) in the first (second) solution.
Evaluation of cesarean delivery rates at three university hospital labor units using the Robson classification system
Authors: Zahumensky Jozef , Psenkova Petra , Nemethova Bianka , Halasova Dominika , Kascak Peter , Korbel Miroslav 
Published: May 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo analyze the frequency of cesarean delivery using the Robson 10‐group classification.MethodsA multicenter retrospective cohort study was conducted at three university hospital labor units in the Slovak Republic. The medical records of all women who gave birth at these centers from January 1 to December 31, 2017, were assessed.ResultsIn all, 1437 of 3361 (42.8%), 729 of 2795 (26.1%), and 303 of 2080 (14.6%) births recorded at the three centers during the current study period were by cesarean delivery. Among the nulliparous term singleton vertex deliveries (Robson group 1 and 2), the frequency of cesarean delivery at the three centers was 613 of 1653 (37.1%), 278 of 1389 (20.0%), and 91 of 898 (10.1%). Among term multiparas with one fetus in a cephalic position and at least one previous cesarean delivery (Robson group 5), the frequency of cesarean delivery at the three centers was 405 of 418 (96.9%), 261 of 343 (76.1%), and 55 of 115 (47.8%).ConclusionAnalysis of the frequency of cesarean delivery by Robson classification could help to identify possibilities for safely decreasing cesarean delivery rates in the clinic. Robson groups 1, 2, and 5 were the most modifiable groups.
Two‐photon excited lasing of Coumarin 307 for lysozyme amyloid fibrils detection
Authors: Hanczyc Piotr , Procyk Maciej , Radzewicz Czeslaw , Fita Piotr 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAmyloid fibrils are a well‐recognized hallmark of neurodegeneration. A common approach to detect amyloid fibrils is staining with organic molecules and monitoring optical properties using fluorescence spectroscopy. However, the structural diversity of amyloids necessitates new sensitive methods and probes that can be reliably used to characterize them. Here, Coumarin 307 is applied for lysozyme fibrils detection by observation of laser action in the process of two‐photon excited stimulated emission. It is shown that the lasing threshold and spectrum significantly depend on the adopted structure (α‐helix or β‐sheet) of the lysozyme protein, whereas fluorescence spectrum is insensitive to the protein structure. The applications of coherent stimulated emission light that can be emitted deep inside a scattering medium can be particularly promising for imaging and therapeutic purposes in the neurodegeneration field. Two‐photon excitation with the near‐infrared light, which allows the deepest penetration of tissues, is an important advantage of the method.
Biomimetic proteoglycans diffuse throughout articular cartilage and localize within the pericellular matrix
Authors: Phillips Evan R. , Haislup Brett D. , Bertha Nicholas , Lefchak Maria , Sincavage Joseph , Prudnikova Katsiaryna , Shallop Brandon , Mulcahey Mary K. , Marcolongo Michele S. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBiomimetic proteoglycan (BPG) diffusion into articular cartilage has the potential to restore the lost proteoglycan content in osteoarthritic cartilage given these molecules mimic the structure and properties of natural proteoglycans. We examined the diffusion characteristics of BPGs through cartilage with the use of a custom‐made in vitro cartilage diffusion model in both normal bovine and human osteoarthritic cartilage explants. BPGs were introduced into the cartilage through essentially one‐dimensional diffusion using osteochondral plugs. The molecular diffusion was shown to be size and concentration dependent. Diffusion profiles were found over different diffusion time intervals and the profiles were fit to a nonlinear Fickian diffusion model. Steady state 011012‐7diffusion coefficients for BPGs were found to be 4.01 and 3.53 μm2/s for 180 and 1600 kDa BPGs, respectfully, and these values are similar to other large molecule diffusion in cartilage. In both bovine and osteoarthritic human cartilage, BPGs were found localized around the chondrocytes. BPG localization was examined by labeling collagen type VI and soaking 5 μm thick sections of cartilage with BPG solutions demonstrating that the BPGs diffused into the cartilage and preferentially localized alongside collagen type VI in the pericellular matrix.
Matrix metalloproteinases as target genes for gene regulatory networks driving molecular and cellular pathways related to a multistep pathogenesis of cerebrovascular disease
Authors: Polonikov Alexey , Rymarova Larisa , Klyosova Elena , Volkova Anastasia , Azarova Iuliia , Bushueva Olga , Bykanova Marina , Bocharova Iuliia , Zhabin Sergey , Churnosov Mikhail , Laskov Vitaliy , Solodilova Maria 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe present study investigated a joint contribution of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) genes to ischemic stroke (IS) development and analyzed interactions between MMP genes and genome‐wide associated loci for IS. A total of 1288 unrelated Russians (600 IS patients and 688 healthy individuals) from Central Russia were recruited for the study. Genotyping of seven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of MMP genes (rs1799750, rs243865, rs3025058, rs11225395, rs17576, rs486055, and rs2276109) and eight genome‐wide associated loci for IS were done using Taq‐Man–based assays and MALDI‐TOF mass spectrometry iPLEX platform, respectively. Allele − 799T at rs11225395 of the MMP8 gene was significantly associated with a decreased risk of IS after adjustment for sex and age (OR = 0.82; 95%CI, 0.70‐0.96; P = 0.016). The model‐based multifactor dimensionality reduction method has revealed 21 two‐order, 124 three‐order, and 474 four‐order gene‐gene (G×G) interactions models meaningfully (Pperm < 0.05) associated with the IS risk. The bioinformatic analysis enabled establishing the studied MMP gene polymorphisms possess a clear regulatory potential and may be targeted by gene regulatory networks driving molecular and cellular pathways related to the pathogenesis of IS. In conclusion, the present study was the first to identify an association between polymorphism rs11225395 of the MMP8 gene and IS risk. The study findings also indicate that MMPs deserve special attention as a potential class of genes influencing the multistep mechanisms of cerebrovascular disease including atherosclerosis in cerebral arteries, acute cerebral artery occlusion as well as the ischemic injury of the brain and its recovery.
Insight into the possible role of miR‐214 in primary osteoporosis via osterix
Authors: Mohamad Nesma , Nabih Enas S. , Zakaria Zeiad M. , Nagaty Magda M. , Metwaly Radwan G. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractOsteoporosis is a bone disease characterized by chronic pain and recurrent fractures. Osterix is a transcription factor regulating bone formation. miR‐214 was found to have a role in skeletogenesis. Our goal was to investigate the possible role of miR‐214 in primary osteoporosis through osterix. Their expression was determined in bone samples obtained from primary osteoporotic patients (n = 26) and age‐ and sex‐matched controls (n = 14). Additionally, their expression was correlated to the laboratory and clinical parameters of the study participants. Differential expression of osterix and miR‐214 was detected in the osteoporotic group compared to controls. While miR‐214 was significantly higher, osterix was significantly lower. In primary osteoporotic patients, relative quantification value of osterix was positively correlated with sex, body mass index, and ionized calcium and negatively correlated with miR‐214 and C‐reactive protein. Thus, the role of miR‐214 in primary osteoporosis could be through inhibiting osterix expression in bones and therefore both miR‐214 and osterix could be targets for future therapeutic intervention.
Comprehensive circular RNA profiling reveals circ_0002060 as a potential diagnostic biomarkers for osteoporosis
Authors: Huang Yongping , Xie Jie , Li Erjun 
Published: May 2019

AbstractOsteoporosis (OP) is a multifactorial and common bone disease worldwide. The clinical diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis has limitations since changes in bone density occur slightly. Thus, it is critically needed to look for new biomarkers to identify and cure osteoporosis. CircRNAs are important molecular regulators that participate in various biological processes and present tremendous therapeutic potential. The role of circRNAs in osteoporosis remains largely unknown. Here, we explore the expression of circRNAs in osteoporosis using microarray analysis, and identify potential circRNAs associated with osteoporosis by quantitative reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) validation and statistical analysis in clinical samples. As a result, circ_0006873 and circ_0002060 were found to be significantly upregulated between nonosteoporotic controls and osteoporosis patients (n = 40, respectively). Pearson correlation analysis showed that the level of circ_0006873 and circ_0002060 were associated with the low‐bone mineral density in patients with osteoporosis. Furthermore, ROC analysis indicated that circ_0002060 showed potential diagnostic value for osteoporosis. Taken together results using bioinformatics, experimental analysis, and disease models, we revealed that circ_0002060 could be used as potential diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target in osteoporosis
Evaluation of Elecsys HTLV‐I/II assay in comparison with ARCHITECT rHTLV‐I/II assay with Korean samples
Authors: Yun Seung Gyu , Kim Sang‐wook , Sohn Ji Yeon , Cho Yunjung 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe seroprevalence rate of human T‐lymphotropic virus I and II (HTLV‐I/II) in Korean blood donors has been known as 0.004%, and HTLV‐I/II Ab screening test has been performed since 2008 in Korea. Korea Ministry of Food and Drug Safety (MFDS) approved two chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassays (CMIA) for testing HTLV‐I/II antibody, ABBOTT PRISM HTLV‐I/HTLV‐II and ARCHITECT rHTLV‐I/II. A multicenter performance evaluation study in Europe and Japan was carried out with the new electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA) for HTLV‐I/II antibody detection, Elecsys HTLV‐I/II assay which launched in 2017, but not in Korea. We aimed to evaluate the clinical performance of Elecsys HTLV‐I/II assay in comparison with ARCHITECT rHTLV‐I/II for the detection of HTLV‐I/II antibody with Korean samples.MethodsFor sensitivity evaluation, 100 HTLV‐I/II‐positive Korean standards from Korean Red Cross and two HTLV‐II‐positive samples that were purchased from Seracure were used. For the specificity, 500 potential donor specimens from Korea University Hospital healthcare center were used. All the samples were simultaneously analyzed by the two HTLV‐I/II assays, Elecsys HTLV‐I/II assay and ARCHITECT rHTLV‐I/II assay.ResultsElecsys HTLV‐I/II assay and ARCHITECT rHTLV‐I/II assay showed a complete agrement. Elecsys HTLV‐I/II assay showed 100% sensitivity (95% CI: 96.38‐100.0) and specificity (95% CI: 99.26‐100.0).ConclusionsElecsys HTLV‐I/II assay is as reliable as ARCHITECT rTHLV‐I/II assay, and can be used as a screening test for HTLV‐I/II in Korea.
Zinc chelator TPEN induces pancreatic cancer cell death through causing oxidative stress and inhibiting cell autophagy
Authors: Yu Zhen , Yu Ze , Chen ZhenBao , Yang Lin , Ma MingJun , Lu ShouNan , Wang ChunSheng , Teng ChunBo , Nie YuZhe 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe essential trace element zinc (Zn) is widely required in cellular functions, and abnormal Zn homeostasis causes a variety of health problems including immunodeficiency and sensory dysfunctions. Previous studies had shown that Zn availability was also important for tumor growth and progression. The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential mechanisms of N,N,N,N‐Tetrakis(2‐pyridylmethyl)‐ethylenediamine (TPEN) (a membrane permeable zinc chelator) induced pancreatic cancer cell death. The text of inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometry (ICP‐MS) showed in human pancreatic cancer samples that the zinc content in cancer was higher than that in adjacent tissues. The pancreatic cancer cell lines Panc‐1, 8988T, BxPc‐3, and L3.6 were used in this study. Our results indicated that TPEN markedly induced cell death, via increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and restraining autophagy. Our data also indicated that TPEN‐stimulated mitochondrial metabolism produced much ROS. Meanwhile, TPEN reduced the levels of glutathione (GSH) and triggered ROS outbreak, which were the main causes of cell death. In addition, cell autophagy was significantly depressed in Panc‐1 cells treated by TPEN, which was due to the ability of disrupting lysosomal by TPEN. Thus, we thought zinc depletion by TPEN was a potential therapeutic strategy for pancreatic cancer.
Identification of biomarkers correlated with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with co‐expression analysis
Authors: Chen Ran , Ge Tiantian , Jiang Wanying , Huo Junyu , Chang Qing , Geng Jie , Shan Qijun 
Published: May 2019

AbstractHypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is reported to be the most common genetic heart disease. To identify key module and candidate biomarkers correlated with clinical prognosis of patients with HCM, we carried out this study with co‐expression analysis. To construct a co‐expression network of hub genes correlated with HCM, the Weighted Gene Co‐expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) was performed. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses were performed by Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID). The protein‐protein interaction network analysis of central genes was performed to recognize the interactions of central genes. Gene set enrichment analyses were carried out to discover the possible mechanisms involved in the pathways promoted by hub genes. To validate the hub genes, quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) was performed. Based on the results of topological overlap measure based clustering, 2,351 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. Those genes were included in six different modules. Of these modules, the yellow and the blue modules showed a pivotal correlation with HCM. DEGs were enriched in immune system procedure associated GO terms and KEGG pathways. We identified nine hub genes (TYROBP, STAT3, CSF1R, ITGAM, SYK, ITGB2, LILRB2, LYN, and HCK) affected the immune system significantly. Among the genes we validated with RT‐PCR, TYROBP, CSF1R, and SYK showed significant increasing expression levels in model HCM rats. In conclusion, we identified two modules and nine hub genes, which were prominently associated with HCM. We found that immune system may play a crucial role in the HCM. Accordingly, those genes and pathways might become therapeutic targets with clinical usefulness in the future.
MiR‐21 upregulation increases IL‐8 expression and tumorigenesis program in airway epithelial cells exposed to cigarette smoke
Authors: Pace Elisabetta , Di Vincenzo Serena , Di Salvo Eleonora , Genovese Sara , Dino Paola , Sangiorgi Claudia , Ferraro Maria , Gangemi Sebastiano 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundCigarette smoke exposure, increasing Toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4) and reactive oxygen species (ROS), promotes inflammatory responses in airway epithelial cells. Chronic inflammation, microRNA (miRNA), and oxidative stress are associated with cancer development.AimsThe present study was aimed to explore whether cigarette smoke exposure, altering miR‐21 expression, promoted inflammatory responses and tumorigenesis processes in airway epithelial cells.MethodsAirway normal and cancer epithelial cells (16HBE and A549) were exposed to cigarette smoke extracts (CSE) or with/without agomiR‐21, and then it was assessed: a) miR‐21 expression; b) signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) nuclear protein expression and ERK1/2 activation; c) IL‐8 gene expression and protein release. An antagonist of TLR4 (CLI‐095) and the antioxidant flavonoid, apigenin, were also included to evaluate miR‐21 expression in CSE exposed cells.ResultsIt was demonstrated that: a) A549 cells constitutively expressed higher levels of miR‐21 and IL‐8; b) CSE increased STAT3 nuclear expression in 16HBE; c) in both cell lines, CSE and agomiR‐21 increased: miR‐21 expression; ERK1/2 activation and IL‐8 gene expression and protein release; d) TLR4 inhibition counteracted the effects of CSE on miR‐21 in A549; e) apigenin reduced miR‐21 and IL‐8 gene expression in both cell lines.ConclusionsData herein provided identified for the first time new mechanisms supporting the crucial role of cigarette smoke‐induced miR‐21 expression in the amplification of inflammatory responses and in tumorigenesis processes within the airways.
Insights into simultaneous microbial chromium and nitrate reduction: inhibitory effects and molecular mechanisms
Authors: Hu Yutian , Chen Nan , Li Miao , Feng Chuanping , Liu Tong 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe potential effect of chromium on the denitrification process has drawn much attention recently. The efficient remediation of groundwater contaminated by both hexavalent chromate [Cr(VI)] and nitrate (NO3−) was hampered due to the deficiency of denitrification in the presence of Cr(VI). The goal of this work was to understand the mechanisms of how Cr(VI) affected denitrification.RESULTSTo better understand the underlying nature, Cr(VI) effects on denitrification were investigated in batch. Negative effects of Cr(VI) exposure on denitrification were confirmed and ascribed to restriction of bacterial activities, by regulating functional genes expression and altering community composition. Stronger inhibition of the expression of denitrifying genes was observed with increased Cr(VI) loading (0–50 mg L−1). The critical inhibitory concentration and IC50 of Cr(VI) on electron transport system activities were calculated to be 3.21 and 4.87 mg L−1, respectively. Further amplicon analysis revealed that Betaproteobacteria were enriched, implying their potential key role in simultaneously removing nitrate and Cr(VI). The presence of Cr(VI) also upregulated the metabolic activities related to apoptosis.CONCLUSIONThese findings shed light on the biogeochemical fates of Cr(VI) and NO3− in aquifers, and may contribute in enhancing their practical application for bioremediation using microbial processes. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry