bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regulation of Hippocampal Memory by mTORC1 in Somatostatin Interneurons
Authors: Artinian Julien , Jordan Alexander , Khlaifia Abdessattar , Honoré Eve , La Fontaine Alexandre , Racine Anne-Sophie , Laplante Isabel , Lacaille Jean-Claude 
Published: September 2019

Translational control of long-term synaptic plasticity via Mechanistic Target Of Rapamycin Complex 1 (mTORC1) is crucial for hippocampal learning and memory. The role of mTORC1 is well characterized in excitatory principal cells but remains largely unaddressed in inhibitory interneurons. Here, we used cell-type-specific conditional knock-out strategies to alter mTORC1 function selectively in somatostatin (SOM) inhibitory interneurons (SOM-INs). We found that, in male mice, upregulation and downregulation of SOM-IN mTORC1 activity bidirectionally regulates contextual fear and spatial memory consolidation. Moreover, contextual fear learning induced a metabotropic glutamate receptor type 1 (mGluR1)-mediated late long-term potentiation (LTP) of excitatory input synapses onto hippocampal SOM-INs that was dependent on mTORC1. Finally, the induction protocol for mTORC1-mediated late-LTP in SOM-INs regulated Schaffer collateral pathway LTP in pyramidal neurons. Therefore, mTORC1 activity in somatostatin interneurons contributes to learning-induced persistent plasticity of their excitatory synaptic inputs and hippocampal memory consolidation, uncovering a role of mTORC1 in inhibitory circuits for memory.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTMemory consolidation necessitates synthesis of new proteins. Mechanistic Target Of Rapamycin Complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling is crucial for translational control involved in long-term memory and in late long-term potentiation (LTP). This is well described in principal glutamatergic pyramidal cells but poorly understood in GABAergic inhibitory interneurons. Here, we show that mTORC1 activity in somatostatin interneurons, a major subclass of GABAergic cells, is important to modulate long-term memory strength and precision. Furthermore, mTORC1 was necessary for learning-induced persistent LTP at excitatory inputs of somatostatin interneurons that depends on type I metabotropic glutamatergic receptors in the hippocampus. This effect was consistent with a newly described role of these interneurons in the modulation of LTP at Schaffer collateral synapses onto pyramidal cells.
Spatial Coupling Tunes NMDA Receptor Responses via Ca2+Diffusion
Authors: Iacobucci Gary J. , Popescu Gabriela K. 
Published: September 2019

In the CNS, NMDA receptors generate large and highly regulated Ca2+signals, which are critical for synaptic development and plasticity. They are highly clustered at postsynaptic sites and along dendritic arbors, but whether this spatial arrangement affects their output is unknown. Synaptic NMDA receptor currents are subject to Ca2+-dependent inactivation (CDI), a type of activity-dependent inhibition that requires intracellular Ca2+and calmodulin (CaM). We asked whether Ca2+influx through a single NMDA receptor influences the activity of nearby NMDA receptors, as a possible coupling mechanism. Using cell-attached unitary current recordings from GluN1–2a/GluN2A receptors expressed in human HEK293 cells and from NMDA receptors native to hippocampal neurons from male and female rats, we recorded unitary currents from multichannel patches and used a coupled Markov model to determine the extent of signal coupling (κ). In the absence of extracellular Ca2+, we observed no cooperativity (κ < 0.1), whereas in 1.8 mmexternal Ca2+, both recombinant and native channels showed substantial negative cooperativity (κ = 0.27). Intracellular Ca2+chelation or overexpression of a Ca2+-insensitive CaM mutant, reduced coupling, which is consistent with CDI representing the coupling mechanism. In contrast, cooperativity increased substantially (κ = 0.68) when overexpressing the postsynaptic scaffolding protein PSD-95, which increased receptor clustering. Together, these new results demonstrate that NMDA receptor currents are negatively coupled through CDI, and the degree of coupling can be tuned by the distance between receptors. Therefore, channel clustering can influence the activity-dependent reduction in NMDA receptor currents.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTAt central synapses, NMDA receptors are a major class of excitatory glutamate-gated channels and a source of activity-dependent Ca2+influx. In turn, fluxed Ca2+ions bind to calmodulin-primed receptors and reduce further entry, through an autoinhibitory mechanism known as Ca2+-dependent inactivation (CDI). Here, we show that the diffusion of fluxed Ca2+between active channels situated within submicroscopic distances amplified receptor inactivation. Thus, calmodulin-mediated gating modulation, an evolutionarily conserved regulatory mechanism, endows synapses with sensitivity to both the temporal sequence and spatial distribution of Ca2+signals. Perturbations in this mechanism, which coordinates the activity of NMDA receptors within a cluster, may cause signaling alterations that contribute to neuropsychiatric conditions.
Metabolic effects of dopamine agonists in patients with prolactinomas: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Byberg Sarah , Futtrup Jesper , Andreassen Mikkel , Krogh Jesper 
Published: September 2019

Objectives
Recent large cohort studies suggest an association between high plasma prolactin and cardiovascular mortality. The objective of this systematic review was to systematically assess the effect of reducing prolactin with dopamine agonist on established cardiovascular risk factors in patients with prolactinomas.

Design
Bibliographical search was done until February 2019 searching the following databases: PubMed, EMBASE, WHO and LILAC. Eligible studies had to include participants with verified prolactinomas where metabolic variables were assessed before and after at least 2 weeks treatment with dopamine agonists.

Methods
Baseline data and outcomes were independently collected by two investigators. The study was registered with PROSPERO (registration number CRD42016046525).

Results
Fourteen observational studies enrolling 387 participants were included. The pooled standardized mean difference of the primary outcome revealed a reduction of BMI and weight of −0.21 (95% CI −0.37 to −0.05; P = 0.01; I2 = 71%), after treatment. Subgroup analysis suggested that the reduction of weight was primarily driven by studies with high prolactin levels at baseline (P = 0.04). Secondary outcomes suggested a small decrease in waist circumference, a small-to-moderate decrease in triglycerides, fasting glucose levels, HOMA-IR, HbA1c and hsCRP, and a moderate decrease in LDL, total cholesterol and insulin.

Conclusion
This systematic review suggests a reduction of weight as well as an improved lipid profile and glucose tolerance after treatment with dopamine agonist in patients with prolactinomas. These data are based on low-quality evidence.
Testing the Depths to 1.0 and 2.5  km/s Velocity Isosurfaces in a Velocity Model for Japan and Implications for Ground‐Motion Modeling
Authors: Zhu Chuanbin , Cotton Fabrice , Pilz Marco 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIn the Next Generation Attenuation West2 (NGA‐West2) project, a 3D subsurface structure model (Japan Seismic Hazard Information Station [J‐SHIS]) was queried to establish depths to 1.0 and 2.5  km/s velocity isosurfaces for sites without depth measurement in Japan. In this article, we evaluate the depth parameters in the J‐SHIS velocity model by comparing them with their corresponding site‐specific depth measurements derived from selected KiK‐net velocity profiles. The comparison indicates that the J‐SHIS model underestimates site depths at shallow sites and overestimates depths at deep sites. Similar issues were also identified in the southern California basin model. Our results also show that these underestimations and overestimations have a potentially significant impact on ground‐motion prediction using NGA‐West2 ground‐motion models (GMMs). Site resonant period may be considered as an alternative to depth parameter in the site term of a GMM.
Impact of gas flaring in Ubeji metropolis of Delta State Nigeria: a comparative survey of environment health effects
Authors: Akuirene Omatseye Alero , Adjene Josiah O. , Obi Nkemdilim I. , Nwose Ezekiel Uba 
Published: September 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The impact of gas flaring in Ubeji metropolis, relative to other communities of Delta is of interest. This study assessed the environmental impact of gas flaring in Ubeji metropolis of Delta State. The objective of this study is to study the comparative assessment of the environmental impacts of gas flaring on five communities of unequal distance from gas flaring site.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Questionnaire survey was used to evaluate three research questions that included the level of knowledge in the survey communities regarding health impact of gas flaring; prevalence level of assessed health conditions in Ubeji metropolis relative to communities farther from or nearer to Warri gas flaring site; and perceived impact of gas flaring on air quality indicated by health and environmental toxicity indices. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Descriptive evaluation of data shows Ubeji appears to have the highest proportion of persons suffering respiratory problems, but the figure for family members is less than some other communities. The respondents nearer flaring site show more awareness compared to those farther away. Critical evaluation showed no directional change in prevalence of disease linked to gas flaring. There is linear relationship between ‘distance to gas flare site’ and ‘toxic impact on air quality’.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> This report submits further data to the discourse that, on the basis of nearness to gas flaring site, there is significant difference between communities experience of environmental and health impact.</p><p> </p>
Third Parties’ Legal Protection over Agreed Authorized Capital Amount by Founders in Limited Liability Companies
Authors: Nugraha Xavier , Murti Krisna , Putri Saraswati 
Published: September 2019

On July 14, 2016, the Government enacted the Government Regulation Number 29 of 2016 regarding Amendments in Authorized Capital of a Limited Liability Company (LLC). Article 1 paragraph (3) of the regulation showed that the amount of authorized capital was submitted to the agreement of the LLC founders. This regulation was issued in order to increase Indonesia’s ‘ease of doing business’ rank, especially in ‘starting a business.’ This article aims to examine the legal protection for the third party over the amount of authorized capital based on the agreement of the LLC founders using the study of dogmatic law. Regulations referenced are Law Number 40 of 2007 regarding Limited Liability Companies and Government Regulation Number 29 of 2016 regarding Amendments in Authorized Capital of LLC. Based on the results of this study, it was found that the determination of authorized capital based on the agreement of LLC founders has neglected the protection of the third parties. This manifested particularly in protecting minority investors and resolving insolvency. Through the enactment of authorized capital based on the agreement of the founders, the mechanism of preventive and repressive legal protection to the third parties are assumed to be eliminated.
Keywords: The Authorized Capital, Limited Liability Company, Agreement, Legal Protection.
KAJIAN TERJEMAHAN ARTIKEL FLEEING TERROR, FINDING REFUGE DAN TERJEMAHANNYA MENCARI TEMPAT BERLINDUNG DALAM HAL STRUKTUR DAN POLA PENGEMBANGAN TEMA (PENDEKATAN LINGUISTIK SISTEMIK FUNGSIONAL)
Authors: Aji Satriya Bayu , Nababan Mangatur , Wiratno Tri 
Published: September 2019

<p><em>This research aims to describe: (1) the March 2015 National Geographic article Fleeing Terror, Finding Refuge and its March 2015 National Geographic Indonesia Indonesian translation Mencari Tempat Berlindung’s thematic structure and progression, (2) the translation techniques employed and its effect on the translation’s thematic structure and progression, and (3) its effect on the translation quality. This study belongs to the qualitative research at the descriptive level, employs embedded case study approach, and focuses on the translation product. The data consist of the Themes of the National Geographic Maret 2015 article Fleeing Terror, Finding Refuge and its National Geographic Indonesia Maret 2015 Indonesian translation Mencari Tempat Berlindung collected through content analysis and the result of the informant’s translation quality assessment collected through questionnaire and focus group discussion. This study revealed that the translation employs more marked Topical Theme than the source text and the percentage of the translation’s Rheme-based progressions (the simple linear and split Rheme progression) is higher than the source text’s. The thematic structure shifts—mostly a shift from the unmarked to the marked Topical Theme and vice-versa or a change in the Topical Theme constituent—can be caused by the use of these six translation techniques: transposition, modulation, reduction, amplification, established equivalent, and particularization. Of these six, particularization does not cause any Thematic progression shift. These six techniques that can cause a shift in the Thematic structure can also decrease the translation’s quality.</em></p><p><em> </em></p><p><strong><em>Keywords: Thematic structure, Thematic progression, translation techniques, translation quality assessment</em></strong></p>
Cost-effectiveness of two long-lasting insecticidal nets delivery models in mass campaign in rural Mozambique
Authors: Arroz Jorge , Candrinho Baltazar , Mendis Chandana , Lopez Melanie , Martins Maria do Rosário Oliveira 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Objective The aim is to compare the cost-effectiveness of two long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) delivery models (standard vs new) in universal coverage (UC) campaigns in rural Mozambique. Results The total financial cost of delivering LLINs was US$ 231,237.30 and US$ 174,790.14 in the intervention (302,648 LLINs were delivered) and control districts (219,613 LLINs were delivered), respectively. The average cost-effectiveness ratio (ACER) per LLIN delivered and ACER per household (HH) achieving UC was lower in the intervention districts. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) per LLIN and ICER per HH reaching UC were US$ 0.68 and US$ 2.24, respectively. Both incremental net benefit (for delivered LLIN and for HHs reaching UC) were positive (intervention deemed cost-effective). Overall, the newer delivery model was the more cost-effective intervention. However, the long-term sustainability of either delivery models is far from guaranteed in Mozambique’s current economic context.
AN ALTERNATIVE MATRIX TRANSFORMATION TO THE F TEST STATISTIC FOR CLUSTERED DATA
Authors: Intarapak Sukanya , Supapakorn Thidaporn 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
For the regression analysis of clustered data, the error of cluster data violates the independence assumption. Consequently, the test statistic based on the ordinary least square method leads to incorrect inferences. To overcome this issue, the transformation is required to apply to the observations. In this paper we propose an alternative matrix transformation that adjusts the intra-cluster correlation with Householder matrix and apply it to the F test statistic based on generalized least squares procedures for the regression coefficients hypothesis. By Monte Carlo simulations of the balanced and unbalanced data, it is found that the F test statistic based on generalized least squares procedures with Adjusted Householder transformation performs well in terms of the type I error rate and power of the test.
GENERALIZED BAYES ESTIMATION OF SPATIAL AUTOREGRESSIVE MODELS
Authors: Chaturvedi Anoop , Mishra Sandeep 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The spatial autoregressive (SAR) models are widely used in spatial econometrics for analyzing spatial data involving spatial autocorrelation structure. The present paper derives a Generalized Bayes estimator for estimating the parameters of a SAR model. The admissibility and minimaxity properties of the estimator have been discussed. For investigating the finite sample behaviour of the estimator, the results of a simulation study have been presented. The results of the paper are applied to demographic data on total fertility rate for selected Indian states.
APPLICATION OF THE STRATEGY COMBINING MONETARY UNIT SAMPLING AND THE HORVITZ– THOMPSON ESTIMATOR OF ERROR AMOUNT IN AUDITING – RESULTS OF A SIMULATION STUDY
Authors: Janusz Bartłomiej 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Auditors need information on the performance of different statistical methods when applied to audit populations. The aim of the study was to examine the reliability and efficiency of a strategy combining systematic Monetary Unit Sampling and confidence intervals for the total error based on the Horvitz-Thompson estimator with normality assumption. This strategy is a possible alternative for testing audit populations with high error rates. Using real and simulated data sets, for the majority of populations, the interval coverage rate was lower than the assumed confidence level. In most cases confidence intervals were too wide to be of practical use to auditors. Confidence intervals tended to become wider as the observed error rate increased. Tests disclosed the distribution of the Horvitz-Thompson estimator was not normal. A detailed analysis of the distributions of the error amount in the examined real audit populations is also given.
Activity of N-Phenylpiperazine Derivatives Against Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens
Authors: Pospisilova Sarka , Marvanova Pavlina , Treml Jakub , Moricz Agnes M. , Ott Peter G. , Mokry Petr , Odehnalova Klara , Sedo Ondrej , Cizek Alois , Jampilek Josef 
Published: September 2019

Background:As the bacterial resistance to antibacterial chemotherapeutics is one of the greatest problems in modern medicine, efforts are made to develop new antimicrobial drugs. Compounds with a piperazine ring have proved to be promising agents against various pathogens.Objective:The aim of the study was to prepare a series of new N-phenylpiperazines and determine their activity against various pathogens.Method:Target compounds were prepared by multi-step synthesis starting from an appropriate substituted acid to an oxirane intermediate reacting with 1-(4-nitrophenyl)piperazine. Lipophilicity and pKa values were experimentally determined. Other molecular parameters were calculated. The inhibitory activity of the target compounds against Staphylococcus aureus, four mycobacteria strains, Bipolaris sorokiniana, and Fusarium avenaceum was tested. In vitro antiproliferative activity was determined on a THP-1 cell line, and toxicity against plant was determined using Nicotiana tabacum.Results:In general, most compounds demonstrated only moderate effects. 1-(2-Hydroxy-3-[4-(propan- 2-yloxy)benzoyl]oxypropyl)-4-(4-nitrophenyl)piperazinediium dichloride and 1-3-[(4-butoxybenzoyl)- oxy]-2-hydroxypropyl-4-(4-nitrophenyl)piperazinediium dichloride showed the highest inhibition activity against M. kansasii (MIC = 15.4 and 15.0 µM, respectively) and the latter also against M. marinum (MIC = 15.0 µM). 1-(2-Hydroxy-3-[4-(2-propoxyethoxy)benzoyl]oxypropyl)-4-(4-nitrophenyl)piperazinediium dichloride had the highest activity against F. avenaceum (MIC = 14.2 µM). All the compounds showed only insignificant toxic effects on human and plant cells.Conclusion:Ten new 1-(4-nitrophenyl)piperazine derivatives were prepared and analyzed, and their antistaphylococcal, antimycobacterial, and antifungal activities were determined. The activity against M. kansasii was positively influenced by higher lipophilicity, the electron-donor properties of substituent R and a lower dissociation constant. The exact mechanism of action will be investigated in follow-up studies.
A Pilot Study of Exenatide Actions in Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Mullins Roger J. , Mustapic Maja , Chia Chee W. , Carlson Olga , Gulyani Seema , Tran Joyce , Li Yazhou , Mattson Mark P. , Resnick Susan , Egan Josephine M. , Greig Nigel H. , Kapogiannis Dimitrios 
Published: September 2019

Background:Strong preclinical evidence suggests that exenatide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP- 1) receptor agonist used for treating type 2 diabetes, is neuroprotective and disease-modifying in Alzheimer’s Disease (AD).Objective:We performed an 18-month double-blind randomized placebo-controlled Phase II clinical trial to assess the safety and tolerability of exenatide and explore treatment responses for clinical, cognitive, and biomarker outcomes in early AD.Method:Eighteen participants with high probability AD based on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers completed the entire study prior to its early termination by the sponsor; partial outcomes were available for twentyone.Results:Exenatide was safe and well-tolerated, showing an expectedly higher incidence of nausea and decreased appetite compared to placebo and decreasing glucose and GLP-1 during Oral Glucose Tolerance Tests. Exenatide treatment produced no differences or trends compared to placebo for clinical and cognitive measures, MRI cortical thickness and volume, or biomarkers in CSF, plasma, and plasma neuronal extracellular vesicles (EV) except for a reduction of Aβ42 in EVs.Conclusion:The positive finding of lower EV Aβ42 supports emerging evidence that plasma neuronal EVs provide an effective platform for demonstrating biomarker responses in clinical trials in AD. The study was underpowered due to early termination and therefore we cannot draw any firm conclusions. However, the analysis of secondary outcomes shows no trends in support of the hypothesis that exenatide is diseasemodifying in clinical AD, and lowering EV Aβ42 in and of itself may not improve cognitive outcomes in AD.