bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of ozone therapy in root canal disinfection: a systematic review
Authors: Silva E. J. N. L. , Prado M. C. , Soares D. N. , Hecksher F. , Martins J. N. R. , Fidalgo T. K. S. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAimTo answer the following focused question: ‘As regards microorganism load reduction for patients undergoing root canal treatment, is the use of ozone therapy comparable to conventional chemomechanical techniques using sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl)?’Data sourcesA systematic review was conducted using controlled vocabulary and free‐text key words in the following databases: PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science and Open Grey until 2 November 2018. Additional studies were sought through hand searching of endodontic journals.Study eligibility criteria, participants and interventionsThe inclusion criteria comprised studies that compared microbial reduction in root canals after treatments with ozone and NaOCl in extracted mature human teeth or randomized clinical trials.Study appraisal and synthesis methodsThe quality assessment of included laboratory studies was performed with the following parameters: (i) sample size calculation, (ii) samples with similar dimensions, (iii) control group, (iv) standardization of procedures, (v) statistical analysis and (vi) other risk of bias. For randomized clinical trials, the qualitative analysis of the studies was performed from the bias risk assessment using the tool ‘Bias Risk Assessment of Randomized Controlled Studies’ Cochrane Handbook 5.0.2.ResultsThe search resulted in 180 published studies. After removal of duplicate studies and full‐text analysis, eight studies were selected and seven were considered low risk of bias (seven ex vivo studies and one random clinical trial). Overall, the results demonstrated that ozone therapy provides significantly less microbial load reduction than NaOCl. As an adjunct in chemomechanical preparation, ozone was ineffective in increasing the antimicrobial effect of NaOCl. Ozone performance was strongly associated with the application protocol used: it is dose, time and bacterial strain dependent, besides the correlation with the use of complementary disinfection sources.LimitationsA restricted number of randomized clinical trial was found, and the difference amongst the methodology of the studies did not allow a meta‐analysis to be performed.Conclusions and implications of key findingsAlthough the selected studies had limitations, this review reached a satisfactory methodological and moderate evidence quality contributing to important preliminary information regarding ozone therapy. As regards load reduction of microorganisms for patients undergoing root canal treatment, ozone is not indicated neither to replace nor to complement the antimicrobial action of NaOCl.
The effect of an intraorifice barrier and base under coronal restorations on the healing of apical periodontitis: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Kumar G. , Tewari S. , Sangwan P. , Tewari S. , Duhan J. , Mittal S. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAimTo evaluate the effect of intraorifice barriers and bases on the healing of apical periodontitis following root canal treatment in mandibular molars.MethodologyA total of 120 permanent mandibular molars with necrotic pulps and periapical radiolucencies (PAI score ≥ 3) were recruited. Root canal treatment was performed in all teeth using a standard protocol, following which they were randomly allocated to one of the three treatment groups: intraorifice barrier group: coronal 3‐mm gutta‐percha was removed and replaced with glass–ionomer cement (GIC) barrier. The floor of the pulp chamber was then sealed with 2‐mm‐thick GIC base followed by final composite resin restoration; base group: received 2‐mm‐thick GIC base before placement of composite resin restoration; and control group: had pulp chamber entirely filled with composite resin only. Follow‐up was done at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months. Combination of clinical and radiographic parameters were used to assess treatment outcome. The data were analysed using Kruskal–Wallis, chi‐square and Wilcoxon signed‐rank tests and logistic regression analysis.ResultsAt the end of 12 months, the base group had the most favourable healing (97.1%), whilst the control group had the least favourable healing (83.8%). The intraorifice barrier group had healing of 92.1%. However, there was no significant difference in healing between groups at the end of the follow‐up period (P > 0.05). Additional subgroup analysis revealed a nonsignificant effect of periodontal status and root filling level on periapical healing.ConclusionThe use of an additional barrier under permanent restorations did not significantly improve the outcome of primary root canal treatment in posterior teeth after 12 months. However, its influence in the long term requires further evaluation.
Enhancement of dielectric properties and energy storage performance in 3Y‐TZP ceramics with BaTiO3 additives
Authors: Bian Shuaishuai , Yue Zhenxing , Zhang Jie , Li Longtu 
Published: October 2019

AbstractWith the fast charge‐discharge speed and ultrahigh power density, electrostatic energy storage materials offer great potential in the applications for pulsed power systems. As a very important member of structural ceramics, 3Y‐TZP (3 mol% Y2O3 doped tetragonal zirconia polycrystals) has shown extraordinary mechanical properties. However, the research on their energy storage performance is still lacking. Herein, a ferroelectric phase, BaTiO3 (BT), was introduced and demonstrated to improve the dielectric properties and energy storage performance of 3Y‐TZP ceramic matrix via the conventional solid‐state reaction method. With increasing the BT content from 0 to 15 mol%, the permittivity of the composite ceramics could be effectively increased from 40.2 to 64.1 measured at 1 kHz. Simultaneously, the dielectric loss could be effectively decreased by depressing the response of charged defects, which was further interpreted by the thermally stimulated depolarization current technique. Meanwhile, the breakdown strength showed a typical increase‐then‐decrease trend with increasing BT content, and reached their maximum values when doped with 7 mol% BT. Together with the enhancement of dielectric properties, the 7 mol% BT‐doped 3Y‐TZP ceramics exhibited a maximum energy storage density of 0.42 J/cm3, which was approximately 150% larger than that of the pure 3Y‐TZP ceramics.
Beneficial effects of three brown seaweed polysaccharides on gut microbiota and their structural characteristics: An overview
Authors: You Lijun , Gong Yufeng , Li Laihao , Hu Xiao , Brennan Charles , Kulikouskaya Viktoryia 
Published: October 2019

SummaryThe gut microbiota appears critical in the metabolic health and anti‐disease activity. In this review, we discuss three brown seaweed polysaccharides (alginate, laminarin, fucoidan) for their structural information, the digestive behaviour and the effects on gut microbiota. Bioactivities are associated with various physicochemical properties, like solubility, viscosity, hydration properties, molecular weight, monosaccharide composition, and so on. Brown seaweed polysaccharides can be completely utilised by microbes in the large bowel, and they can regulate the gut microbiota. The ultimate metabolite of these polysaccharides is mainly short‐chain fatty acids, which are able to regulate the ecology of the gut microbiota by increasing the growth of beneficial bacteria and inhibiting the growth of some harmful bacteria. In addition, this article also discusses the relationship between the structure and activity of modulating the gut microbiota. Results show that polysaccharides with low molecular weight are more conductive to modulate gut microbiota.
Magnetic resonance imaging‐guided targeted prostate biopsy: Comparison between computer‐software‐based fusion versus cognitive fusion technique in biopsy‐naïve patients
Authors: Yamada Yasuhiro , Shiraishi Takumi , Ueno Akihisa , Ueda Takashi , Fujihara Atsuko , Naitoh Yasuyuki , Hongo Fumiya , Ukimura Osamu 
Published: October 2019

ObjectiveTo compare magnetic resonance imaging‐guided cognitive fusion‐targeted biopsies versus computer‐software‐based fusion‐targeted biopsies in prostate biopsy‐naïve patients.MethodsThis was a retrospective review of 298 consecutive patients, in which suspected clinically significant prostate cancer lesions were detected on pre‐biopsy magnetic resonance imaging, and cognitive fusion‐targeted biopsies or software‐guided magnetic resonance imaging‐ultrasound fusion‐targeted biopsies was carried out. The positivity rates of any cancer and clinically significant prostate cancer, Gleason score, and maximum cancer core length were compared between the cognitive fusion‐targeted biopsies and software‐guided magnetic resonance imaging‐ultrasound fusion‐targeted biopsies groups.ResultsThe any‐cancer positivity rate was 79.6% (90/113 patients) in the cognitive fusion‐targeted biopsies group and 84.8% (157/185 patients) in the software‐guided magnetic resonance imaging‐ultrasound fusion‐targeted biopsies group (P = 0.516), and the clinically significant prostate cancer positivity rate was 72.5% (82/113 patients) in the cognitive fusion‐targeted biopsies group and 75.7% (140/185 patients) in the software‐guided magnetic resonance imaging‐ultrasound fusion‐targeted biopsies group (P = 0.498). Among the patients in which the largest lesion diameter on magnetic resonance imaging was ≤5.0 mm, the clinically significant prostate cancer positivity rate was 39.2% (11/28 patients) in the cognitive fusion‐targeted biopsies group and 66.6% (24/36 patients) in the software‐guided magnetic resonance imaging‐ultrasound fusion‐targeted biopsies group (P = 0.043). The median maximum cancer core length was 7.5 mm (0.25–16 mm) in the cognitive fusion‐targeted biopsies group and 8 mm (0.2–19 mm) in the software‐guided magnetic resonance imaging‐ultrasound fusion‐targeted biopsies group (P = 0.040).ConclusionsSoftware‐guided magnetic resonance imaging‐ultrasound fusion‐targeted biopsies offers a greater detection rate for smaller targeted lesions and also superior ability to sample greater cancer core length compared with cognitive fusion‐targeted biopsies. The present results suggest that software‐guided magnetic resonance imaging‐ultrasound fusion‐targeted biopsies might improve biopsy outcomes compared with cognitive fusion‐targeted biopsies.
Broad‐front migration leads to strong migratory connectivity in the lesser kestrel (Falco naumanni)
Authors: Sarà Maurizio , Bondì Salvatore , Bermejo Ana , Bourgeois Mathieu , Bouzin Mathias , Bustamante Javier , de la Puente Javier , Evangelidis Angelos , Frassanito Annagrazia , Fulco Egidio , Giglio Giuseppe , Gradev Gradimir , Griggio Matteo , López‐Ricaurte Lina , Kordopatis Panagiotis , Marin Simeon , Martínez Juan , Mascara Rosario , Mellone Ugo , Pellegrino Stefania C. , Pilard Philippe , Podofillini Stefano , Romero Marta , Gustin Marco , Saulnier Nicolas , Serra Lorenzo , Sfougaris Athanassios , Urios Vicente , Visceglia Matteo , Vlachopoulos Konstantinos , Zanca Laura , Cecere Jacopo G. , Rubolini Diego 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAimMigratory animals regularly move between often distant breeding and non‐breeding ranges. Knowledge about how these ranges are linked by movements of individuals from different populations is crucial for unravelling temporal variability in population spatial structuring and for identifying environmental drivers of population dynamics acting at different spatio‐temporal scales. We performed a large‐scale individual‐based migration tracking study of an Afro‐Palaearctic migratory raptor, to determine the patterns of migratory connectivity of European breeding populations.LocationEurope, Africa.MethodsMigration data were recorded using different devices (geolocators, satellite transmitters, Global Positioning System dataloggers) from 87 individuals breeding in the three core European populations, located in the Iberian, Italian and Balkan peninsulas. We estimated connectivity by the Mantel correlation coefficient (rM), and computed both the degree of separation between the non‐breeding areas of individuals from the same population (i.e. the population spread) and the relative size of the non‐breeding range (i.e. the non‐breeding range spread).ResultsEuropean lesser kestrels migrated on a broad front across the Mediterranean Sea and Sahara Desert, with different populations using different routes. Iberian birds migrated to western Sahel (Senegal, Mauritania, western Mali), Balkan birds migrated chiefly to central‐eastern Sahel (Niger, Nigeria, Chad), whereas Italian ones spread from eastern Mali to Nigeria. Spatial differentiation of non‐breeding areas led to a strong migratory connectivity (rM = .58), associated with a relatively high population (637 km) and non‐breeding range (1,149 km) spread.Main conclusionsOur comprehensive analysis of the non‐breeding distribution of European lesser kestrel populations revealed a strong migratory connectivity, a rare occurrence in long‐distance avian migrants. The geographical conformation of the species’ breeding and non‐breeding ranges, together with broad‐front migration across ecological barriers, promoted the differentiation of migratory routes and non‐breeding areas. Strong connectivity could then arise because of both high population spread and broad non‐breeding range.
An ecological barrier between the Himalayas and the Hengduan Mountains maintains the disjunct distribution of Roscoea
Authors: Li De‐Bao , Ou Xiao‐Kun , Zhao Jian‐Li , Li Qing‐Jun 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAimRegional disjunction in mountainous regions is ubiquitous and is closely associated with the evolution of mountain biodiversity. However, the mechanisms of maintaining regional disjunction are often ignored, especially regarding the role of ecological barriers. The aim of this study is to test whether an ecological barrier maintains the regional disjunction of Roscoea between the Himalayas (HIM) and the Hengduan Mountains/Yun‐Gui Plateau (HMY).LocationThe Himalayas and the Hengduan Mountains/Yun‐Gui Plateau, Asia.TaxonMonocot:Zingiberales:Zingiberaceae:Roscoea.MethodsOccurrence data from Roscoea were collected from public databases and field investigations. Environmental niche modelling (ENM) was used to predict the potential distribution of Roscoea during the Last Interglacial (LIG), the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), the present and the future. An environmental variable difference test, principal component analysis (PCA), discriminant function analysis (DFA) and niche identity test were employed to qualify and quantify the contributions of environmental factors to ecological divergence based on 7 and 26 environmental variables.ResultsEnvironmental niche modelling predicted an ecological gap of Roscoea between the HIM and the HMY from the LIG into the future, excluding the LGM. Statistically significant differences were detected in eight unique environmental variables across the Gap, which was mostly related to low temperatures and high moisture levels. The PCA, DFA and niche identity test suggested larger ecological separations among the Gap, the HIM and the HMY based on 26 environmental variables than based on seven variables.Main conclusionsAll clues point to an ecological barrier that has been maintaining the regional disjunction of Roscoea. This ecological barrier is predicted to be stable under future climate change and may reflect long‐term ecological divergence shaped by the adaptation of Roscoea to divergent habitats. Our study highlights that the effects of specific environmental variables, with possible interactions among multiple ecological factors, being closely related to the ecological barrier.
Hidradenitis suppurativa and schizophrenia: a nationwide cohort study
Authors: Tzur Bitan D. , Berzin D. , Cohen A.D. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundHidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic, debilitating, dermatological disease that causes substantial psychosocial impediments with increased suicidal risk. Yet data on psychiatric comorbidity in HS have not been sufficiently elucidated in population‐based studies. The current study sought to investigate the association between HS and schizophrenia, a major psychiatric disease, in a nationwide population‐based study in Israel.MethodsData mining was performed on the database of Clalit Health Services (CHS), the largest managed healthcare company in Israel. Patients diagnosed with HS (n = 4191) were examined and compared to age‐ and sex‐matched controls (n = 20 941). The association between HS and schizophrenia was assessed via multivariate binary logistic regression, adjusting for demographic factors and smoking status.ResultsThe analysis revealed a tenfold increase in the prevalence of schizophrenia in HS patients compared to controls (1.4% and 0.4%, respectively, P < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, HS was found to be associated with schizophrenia (OR 1.44, 95% CI 1.01–2.07, P < 0.05).ConclusionsHidradenitis suppurativa is associated with schizophrenia. Screening for severe mental illness during the assessment of patients with HS is of great importance, as comorbid psychiatric disorders may affect treatment outcomes.
The patient‐reported disease burden in adults with atopic dermatitis: a cross‐sectional study in Europe and Canada
Authors: de Bruin‐Weller M. , Gadkari A. , Auziere S. , Simpson E.L. , Puig L. , Barbarot S. , Girolomoni G. , Papp K. , Pink A.E. , Saba G. , Werfel T. , Eckert L. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundCross‐sectional data on patient burden in adults with atopic dermatitis (AD) from real‐world clinical practice are limited.ObjectiveThis study compared patient‐reported burden associated with adult AD across severity levels from clinical practices in Canada and Europe.MethodsThis study included adults (18–65 years) diagnosed with AD by dermatologists, general practitioners or allergists. Participants categorized as mild (n = 547; 37.3%), moderate (n = 520; 35.4%) or severe (n = 400; 27.3%) based on Investigator's Global Assessment completed a questionnaire that included pruritus and pain numerical rating scales, Patient‐Oriented‐Scoring of Atopic Dermatitis (PO‐SCORAD) itch and sleep visual analogue scales, Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Participants were also stratified by inadequate efficacy/intolerance/contraindication to cyclosporine [Cyclo; n = 62 (4 mild, 18 moderate, 40 severe)] and any systemic immunomodulatory agent [IMM; n = 104 (13 mild, 31 moderate, 60 severe)] and compared with the severe group excluding participants identified as Cyclo/IMM.ResultsAge was similar across severity groups; the proportion of women was higher in the mild group relative to severe (61.2% vs. 50.5%; P < 0.001). Compared with moderate and mild, participants with severe AD had more comorbidities, higher itch and pain severity, worse sleep and higher levels of anxiety and depression (all P < 0.001). Mean ± SD DLQI score among participants with severe AD (16.2 ± 6.9) showed a large effect on quality of life that was higher than those with moderate (10.2 ± 6.3) and mild (5.5 ± 4.9) (both P < 0.001). The burden among Cyclo and IMM subgroups was generally similar to that of participants with severe AD.ConclusionsAdults with AD reported a substantial burden across multiple domains that was significantly higher in those with severe disease. The burden among participants in the Cyclo/IMM subgroups was similar to those with severe AD.
Enriched environment provides neuroprotection against experimental glaucoma
Authors: González Fleitas María F. , Devouassoux Julián D. , Aranda Marcos L. , Calanni Juan S. , Chianelli Monica S. , Dorfman Damián , Rosenstein Ruth E. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractGlaucoma is one of the most frequent causes of visual impairment worldwide, and involves selective damage to retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and their axons. We analyzed the effect of enriched environment (EE) housing on the optic nerve, and retinal alterations in an induced model of ocular hypertension. For this purpose, male Wistar rats were weekly injected with vehicle or chondroitin sulfate (CS) into the eye anterior chamber for 10 weeks and housed in standard environment or EE. EE housing prevented the effect of experimental glaucoma on visual evoked potentials, retinal anterograde transport, phosphorylated neurofilament‐immunoreactivity, axon number, microglial/macrophage reactivity (ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1‐immunoreactivity), and astrocytosis (glial fibrillary acidic protein‐immunostaining), as well as oligodendrocytes alterations (luxol fast blue staining, and myelin basic protein‐immunoreactivity) in the proximal portion of the optic nerve. Moreover EE prevented the increase in ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule‐1 levels, and RGC loss (Brn3a‐immunoreactivity) in the retina from hypertensive eyes. EE increased retinal brain‐derived neurotrophic factor levels. When EE housing started after 6 weeks of ocular hypertension, a preservation of visual evoked potentials amplitude, axon, and Brn3a(+) RGC number was observed. Taken together, these results suggest that EE preserved visual functions, reduced optic nerve axoglial alterations, and protected RGCs against glaucomatous damage.
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Acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery: A comparison of different definitions
Authors: Sutherland Lauren , Hittesdorf Erin , Yoh Nina , Lai Taryn , Mechling Anna , Wagener Gebhard 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAimAcute kidney injury (AKI) after cardiac surgery increases morbidity and mortality. Different definitions for AKI have been used such as Acute Kidney Injury Network (AKIN), Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) or risk, injury, failure, loss, end‐stage kidney disease (RIFLE). The aim of this study is to determine the best definition of AKI after cardiac surgery with the largest impact on the outcome.MethodsThis retrospective study of cardiac surgery patients compared the incidence and effect on outcome (90‐day and 1‐year mortality) of different definitions of AKI: RIFLE, AKIN and KDIGO. Additionally, we defined transient AKI (increase in serum creatinine that resolved in <72 hours), sustained (increase in serum creatinine within 48 hours that remained for >72 hours), and late (increase in serum creatinine after 48 hours).ResultsOf the included 1551 patients, 410 patients developed AKI defined by AKIN criteria, 449 defined by KDIGO and 217 defined by RIFLE‐Risk criteria. Hundred and nine patients developed transient AKI (6.9%), 183 patients had sustained AKI (11.6%), and 106 patients had late AKI (6.7%). The best definition with the highest positive likelihood ratio was RIFLE‐Risk (positive likelihood ratio = 2.32) followed by “sustained AKI” (positive likelihood ratio = 2.27). AKI defined by AKIN criteria missed all 80 patients with late AKI and 39 patients with KDIGO AKI.ConclusionRisk, injury, failure, loss, end‐stage kidney disease‐risk was the best definition of AKI as determined by the ability to predict short‐term mortality. A substantial number of patients developed AKI only after 48 hours, and these were missed when using AKIN criteria. AKIN criteria are not sensitive enough to capture all episodes of AKI in this population.