bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effects of recombinant human epidermal growth factor containing ointment on wound healing and post inflammatory hyperpigmentation prevention after fractional ablative skin resurfacing: A split‐face randomized controlled study
Authors: Techapichetvanich Thanya , Wanitphakdeedecha Rungsima , Iamphonrat Thanawan , Phothong Weeranut , Eimpunth Sasima , Jane Hidajat Inneke , Manuskiatti Woraphong 
Published: June 2018

SummaryBackgroundEpidermal growth factor (EGF) is one of the important peptides in wound healing process. The effects of EGF have been increasingly studied in various types of ulcers. However, data on postablative laser resurfacing wound is still limited.ObjectivesTo evaluate the effects of the topical EGF ointment on wound healing process and postinflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) prevention after fractional ablative laser resurfacing.Materials and methodsThis is a randomized split‐face study. Nineteen healthy subjects were enrolled and completed follow up protocol. Patients received single treatment of fractional carbon dioxide laser on both cheeks. After randomization, each patient was assigned to apply one side of the face with topical EGF ointment and another side with petrolatum. Wound healing was evaluated by duration of scab shedding, duration of postlaser erythema, erythema index, and transepidermal water loss on the daily follow up period of seven days after treatment. PIH was evaluated at 2, 3 weeks and 1, 2 months follow up by photographs and melanin index.ResultsMost of patients were female with Fitzpatrick skin phototype III to V. Comparing with control (petrolatum), EGF treated side showed no significant difference in duration of scab shedding, duration of postlaser erythema, erythema index, and transepidermal water loss (P‐value = .58, .22, .78, and .51, respectively). Incidence of PIH was 52.6% on EGF side and 57.9% on petrolatum side, however, it was not statistically different (P = .56). The melanin index was also not different as well (P = .96).ConclusionTopical EGF might provide significant wound healing stimulation for chronic wound more than acute wound. Further studies, especially in post laser wound or other cosmetic purposes are needed.
Removal of retained products of conception showing marked vascularity without uterine artery embolization: Two case reports
Authors: Usui Hirokazu , Sato Asuka , Okayama Jun , Suzuki Yoshiya , Omoto Akiko , Shozu Makio 
Published: June 2018

AbstractRetained products of conception with marked vascularity can cause massive postabortal or post‐partum bleeding. Uterine artery embolization is effective for uterus preservation but does not assure fertility preservation. Thus, the optimal treatment for retained products of conception with marked vascularity is uncertain. Here, we report two cases of retained products of conception with marked vascularity: one early abortion and one hydatidiform mole, which were successfully resolved by dilation and removal of the retained products, without uterine artery embolization. We pretreated the cervical dilation using two or more laminaria tents and named this technique the ‘maximum laminaria procedure’. We observed that the vascularity disappeared just after the laminaria tents were removed, and subsequently, we could remove the retained products with minimal bleeding, without uterine artery embolization. This protocol might become a standard treatment for retained products of conception with marked vascularity.
Liquid‐based oral brush cytology in the diagnosis of oral leukoplakia using a modified Bethesda Cytology system
Authors: Alsarraf Abdulhameed , Kujan Omar , Farah Camile S. 
Published: June 2018

ObjectivesThis study aimed to develop diagnostic criteria to identify oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) using oral liquid‐based brush cytology (OLBC), and to compare its accuracy with the gold standard of surgical biopsy and histopathological diagnosis of oral leukoplakia.MethodsA total number of 134 samples were collected. All patients underwent Orcellex® brush biopsy with liquid‐based cytology immediately prior to diagnostic surgical biopsy. A preliminary study was first performed utilizing samples from 4 distinct lesion groups (20 samples) to revise the 2014 Bethesda Cytology system for use with OLBC specimens.ResultsFive diagnostic groups of OLBC for the diagnosis of OSCC and OPMDs with relevant cytopathological features were established. From the 114 samples in the test group, 101 were included. The other 13 were excluded due to inadequate cellularity. The test showed sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of 75%, 76%, 76% and 75%, respectively, and an accuracy of 75%. The use of the oral brush sampling technique was well accepted by multiple clinicians; however, local anaesthetic was suggested to be useful prior to performing the brush biopsy.ConclusionsOral liquid‐based brush cytology using the Orcellex® brush and ThinPrep® system is a simple and minimally invasive procedure for adequate intraepithelial sampling and can be used as an adjunct for the early detection of oral cancer. The modified Bethesda system established useful means for OLBC assessment that can be utilized in future studies to increase the standardization of oral cytology assessment.
Veblen goods and urban distinction: The economic geography of conspicuous consumption
Authors: Currid‐Halkett Elizabeth , Lee Hyojung , Painter Gary D. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractA fundamental observation of 21st century cities is that they have become great centers of consumption. In this paper, we seek to understand the geographic variation in consumer behavior. Using Consumer Expenditure Survey (CE), we analyze how consumption differs across 21 major U.S. metropolitan areas, and the association between urban characteristics and consumption. We extend previous geographic analysis of consumption to include luxury goods that are socially visible (conspicuous consumption) and luxury goods that are relatively less visible (inconspicuous consumption). Our analysis shows that conspicuous consumption is more sensitive to an urban context than is inconspicuous consumption.
In vitro methods to assess drug precipitation in the fasted small intestine – a PEARRL review
Authors: O'Dwyer Patrick J , Litou Chara , Box Karl J , Dressman Jennifer B , Kostewicz Edmund S , Kuentz Martin , Reppas Christos 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

Objectives
Drug precipitation in vivo poses a significant challenge for the pharmaceutical industry. During the drug development process, the impact of drug supersaturation or precipitation on the in vivo behaviour of drug products is evaluated with in vitro techniques. This review focuses on the small and full scale in vitro methods to assess drug precipitation in the fasted small intestine.

Key findings
Many methods have been developed in an attempt to evaluate drug precipitation in the fasted state, with varying degrees of complexity and scale. In early stages of drug development, when drug quantities are typically limited, small-scale tests facilitate an early evaluation of the potential precipitation risk in vivo and allow rapid screening of prototype formulations. At later stages of formulation development, full-scale methods are necessary to predict the behaviour of formulations at clinically relevant doses. Multicompartment models allow the evaluation of drug precipitation after transfer from stomach to the upper small intestine. Optimisation of available biopharmaceutics tools for evaluating precipitation in the fasted small intestine is crucial for accelerating the development of novel breakthrough medicines and reducing the development costs.

Summary
Despite the progress from compendial quality control dissolution methods, further work is required to validate the usefulness of proposed setups and to increase their biorelevance, particularly in simulating the absorption of drug along the intestinal lumen. Coupling results from in vitro testing with physiologically based pharmacokinetic modelling holds significant promise and requires further evaluation.
Psychopharmacological effects and safety of styryl-2-pyrones and dihydrostyryl-2-pyrones-rich fraction from Polygala sabulosa: absence of withdrawal syndrome and tolerance to anxiolytic-like and anticonvulsant effects
Authors: Duarte Filipe Silveira , Duzzioni Marcelo , Prim Rafael Luiz , Cardozo Alcíbia Maia , dos Santos Claudia Regina , da Silva Maria Goretti , Shiozawa Maria Beatriz Cacese , Mendes Beatriz Garcia , Tizziani Tiago , Brighente Inês Maria Costa , Pizzolatti Moacir Geraldo , de Lima Thereza Christina Monteiro 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

Objectives
To investigate whether mice develop tolerance to the anxiolytic-like and anticonvulsant effects of subchronic treatment with EA (the styryl-2-pyrones and dihydrostyryl-2-pyrones-rich fraction of Polygala sabulosa), as well as any withdrawal symptoms after abrupt discontinuation; to compare the effects of EA with those of diazepam (DZP) on withdrawal-induced anxiety; and to evaluate the toxicity of EA according to OECD guidelines.

Methods
Male or female mice were acutely or subchronically treated with EA or DZP, and their tolerance to anxiolytic (evaluated in the elevated plus maze, EPM) and anticonvulsant effects (measured against pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced convulsions) were investigated. Other groups received EA or DZP for 28 days followed by withdrawal, being the anxiety-like behaviour evaluated in the EPM.

Key findings
Both acute and subchronic treatments with EA induced an anxiolytic effect in the EPM. The anticonvulsant activity of DZP, but not EA, was reduced by protracted treatment. EA withdrawal retained the anxiolytic profile, while DZP withdrawal induced anxiogenesis. EA counteracted the anxiogenic-like actions of DZP withdrawal. EA has low toxicity as it did not cause any changes in the biochemical, haematological and histopathological markers.

Conclusions
EA avoids the development of tolerance to its anxiolytic-like and anticonvulsant actions, and does not promote withdrawal syndrome. EA does not cause relevant toxic effects in rodents.
Effects of Data‐Based Individualization for Students with Intensive Learning Needs: A Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Jung Pyung‐Gang , McMaster Kristen L. , Kunkel Amy K. , Shin Jaehyun , Stecker Pamela M. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractWe examined the mean effect of teachers’ use of data‐based individualization (DBI) on the performance of students with intensive learning needs across academic areas and factors influencing the effects of DBI on student achievement. A total of 57 effect sizes from 14 studies were categorized into two comparisons: DBI Only (comparisons between DBI and a business‐as‐usual control) and DBI Plus (comparisons in which DBI implementers had access to additional information on student performance while they implemented DBI, compared to a control). The mean effect of DBI Only on student performance was g = 0.37; the mean effect of DBI Plus was g = 0.38. Differential effects of DBI were found depending on the nature of CBM tasks, frequency of CBM administration, and type and frequency of supports provided to teachers. Findings support the use of DBI to enhance student outcomes across academic areas.
Metformin and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Tseng Chin‐Hsiao 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBackgroundWhether metformin may reduce hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk requires confirmation.MethodsType 2 diabetes patients newly diagnosed during 1999‐2005 and with 2 or more prescriptions of antidiabetic drugs were enrolled from the Taiwan’s National Health Insurance database. A total of 173 917 ever‐users and 21 900 never‐users of metformin were identified (unmatched cohort). A 1:1 matched‐pair cohort of 21 900 ever‐users and 21 900 never‐users based on a propensity score (PS) was created. Hazard ratios were estimated by Cox regression incorporated with the inverse probability of treatment weighting using the PS. In addition, interactions with aspirin and statin were evaluated.ResultsIn the unmatched cohort, 619 never‐users and 2642 ever‐users developed HCC, with a respective incidence of 668.0 and 330.7 per 100 000 person‐years and an overall hazard ratio of 0.49 (95% confidence interval: 0.45‐0.54). The hazard ratios for the first (<25.7 months), second (25.7‐56.9 months) and third (>56.9 months) tertile of cumulative duration of metformin therapy were 0.89 (0.81‐0.98), 0.50 (0.46‐0.56) and 0.23 (0.21‐0.26) respectively. Analyses of the matched cohort showed an overall hazard ratio of 0.76 (0.67‐0.85), and the hazard ratios for the respective tertiles were 1.39 (1.19‐1.62), 0.77 (0.65‐0.91) and 0.37 (0.30‐0.45). Aspirin and statin were observed to have a significant interaction with metformin.ConclusionsMetformin was associated with a reduced risk of HCC in a dose‐response pattern. Users of both metformin and aspirin or metformin and statin had the lowest risk.
Evaluation of three‐dimensional superimposition technique on parietal bone of the puberty beagle dogs
Authors: Yang Xin , Xiao Chang , Liu Fen , Jian Fan , Yang Li'an , Nie Hong , Wu Jianyong 
Published: June 2018

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to (a) evaluate the stability of the parietal bone of 6–9 months old beagles and (b) examine whether parietal regional superimposition can provide an atraumatic and effective solution for further maxillary expansion study.Materials and MethodsSix prepubertal 6‐month‐old male beagles were included. Six miniscrew markers were inserted into the left and right sides of the parietal bone, and two of them were placed bilaterally near the palatal suture. The subjects were scanned with cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) at three time points of T0 (6 months old), T1 (7.5 months old) and T2 (9 months old), respectively. All skull models were analyzed by both the miniscrew superimposition and the parietal regional superimposition.ResultsThe two superimposition methods had no significant difference (p > 0.05) in displacements of miniscrew markers between left and right first premolars (PM1). The maxillary superimposition between T0 and T2 indicated that the length and width of the maxillary as well as the width of the zygoma root increased significantly (p < 0.05), while the height of maxillary had no significant difference (p > 0.05) over the 3 months.ConclusionsThe parietal bone is relatively stable for beagles from 6 months old to 9 months old and thus can be used as a reference region for 3D skull model superimposition of the beagle dog.
Predictive validity of the R‐URICA
Authors: Tambling Rachel R. , Johnson Lee N. 
Published: June 2018

ObjectivesMeasuring client motivation to change, and then using information from that assessment to plan and conduct treatment, has been of great interest to therapists. Researchers have modified a measure of motivation to change to develop the R‐URICA (Tambling & Johnson, 2012, Fam. J., 20, 59).DesignThis manuscript presents the results of an exploration of the validity of the R‐URICA in a sample of individuals in couple therapy. Sample included 581 couples from a treatment‐as‐usual sample of counselling clinic clients. This study presents the results of inquiry into the ways in which scores on the R‐URICA are modified over time in therapy, an indicator of the predictive validity of the instrument.MeasuresR‐URICA, RDAS.ResultsResults indicated that scores on the Action Subscale of the R‐URICA change over time, indicating that therapy positively impacts this aspect of motivation to change. Results also suggested that the aspects of the R‐URICA are related to where couples present for couple therapy and changes in dyadic adjustment in couple therapy.Practitioner points

Practitioners should inquire about motivation to change at the outset of therapy. Further, practitioners should be sensitive to differences in motivation to change among families or couples as not all clients may be equally motivated.

Practitioners may wish to devote time to engagement of male partners in therapy as males are more variable in their motivation to change and seem to impact outcomes.

Practitioners may wish to consider the use of the R‐URICA as an alternative measure of motivation to change in therapy.
Anther smut disease caused by Microbotryum on berry campion Silene baccifera: endemic pathogen or host shift?
Authors: Tyson D. A. , Antonovics J. , Bruns E. L. 
Published: June 2018

This research investigated whether anther smut disease caused by Microbotryum violaceum agg. on Silene baccifera in Europe is caused by a host‐specific lineage, or if it represents a host shift of the pathogen from a related species. Characterization of ITS sequences of anther smut from S. baccifera confirmed their strong similarity to the pathogen endemic on Silene latifolia. Cross‐inoculation studies showed that S. baccifera was susceptible to anther smut isolates from S. latifolia, S. dioica and S. vulgaris; conversely isolates from S. baccifera could cause disease on S. latifolia. In an experimental field study, spore transmission from diseased S. latifolia to healthy S. baccifera was rare relative to intraspecific transmission within S. latifolia. The distribution of anther smut in natural populations based on herbarium specimens indicated that disease occurrence on S. baccifera was very sporadic. These findings strongly suggest that anther smut disease on S. baccifera in Europe is usually a temporary host shift from the self‐sustaining populations of Microbotryum on other species.
Effects of five cryoprotectants on proliferation and differentiation‐related gene expression of frozen‐thawed bovine calf testicular tissue
Authors: Li Hao , Bian Yi‐Lin , Schreurs Nicola , Zhang Xiao‐Gang , Raza Sayed Haidar Abbas , Fang Qian , Wang Li‐Qiang , Hu Jian‐Hong 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe cryopreservation of testicular tissue is a potential method for preserving male fertility. However, the effect of cryopreservation on bovine calf testicular tissue is scarce. This study investigated the effect of different cryoprotectants on bovine calf testicular tissue at the molecular level. Testicular tissue from ten immature bovine calves (6 months) was collected after slaughter and cryopreserved in an extender containing different concentrations of the following five cryopreservation solutions (CP): bovine serum albumin (BSA) with 5% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), trehalose with 5% DMSO, DMSO and glycerol and ethylene glycol (EG). After 7‐day cryopreservation, the expression levels of three spermatogonial stem cell (SSC)‐related genes, octamer‐4 (OCT4), KIT ligand (MGF/SCF) and kit oncogene (C‐KIT), were investigated by quantitative PCR (qPCR). The cell viability was highest for the tissues preserved with 30 mg/ml BSA (77.82% ± 1.22) and 40 mg/ml trehalose (74.23% ± 1.16) compared with other groups (p < 0.05), and the level of expression of the three genes was highest with 30 mg/ml BSA (p < 0.05). Compared with other CPs, the 30 mg/ml BSA and 40 mg/ml trehalose have the better cryopreserve protection. The 30 mg/ml BSA is the most viable media for the cryopreservation of testicular tissue from cattle.
Canine cryptorchidism: An update
Authors: Khan Firdous A. , Gartley Cathy J. , Khanam Afroza 
Published: June 2018

ContentsThis review article is aimed at providing an update on canine cryptorchidism based on the research studies published in this area over the last 26 years. Although a majority of these research studies were directed at investigating the genetic and molecular basis of cryptorchidism, the mechanisms underlying this problem in dogs are still not clear. Future studies using advanced genomic and molecular approaches and including a larger number of dogs of multiple breeds are required to further our understanding of canine cryptorchidism. Diagnosis and treatment of cryptorchidism in dogs have not received much attention. Research advancements include investigation of ultrasonography and anti‐Müllerian hormone assay as potential diagnostic methods. Advancements in treatment include the use of laparoscopic‐assisted cryptorchidectomy. Based on the available literature, this method appears to be the best for removal of abdominal cryptorchid testes from dogs. However, future studies that compare laparoscopic‐assisted cryptorchidectomy with the traditional approaches are required for a more conclusive determination of the best method for cryptorchidectomy in dogs.
Advancing Risk‐Informed Decision Making in Managing Defense Nuclear Waste in the United States: Opportunities and Challenges for Risk Analysis
Authors: Greenberg Michael R. , Apostolakis George , Fields Timothy , Goldstein Bernard D. , Kosson David , Krahn Steven , Matthews R. Bruce , Rispoli James , Stewart Jane , Stewart Richard 
Published: June 2018

AbstractAn omnibus spending bill in 2014 directed the Department of Energy to analyze how effectively Department of Energy (DOE) identifies, programs, and executes its plans to address public health and safety risks that remain as part of DOE's remaining environmental cleanup liabilities. A committee identified two dozen issues and associated recommendations for the DOE, other federal agencies, and the U.S. Congress to consider, as well as other stakeholders such as states and tribal nations. In regard to risk assessment, the committee described a risk review process that uses available data, expert experience, identifies major data gaps, permits input from key stakeholders, and creates an ordered set of risks based on what is known. Probabilistic risk assessments could be a follow‐up from these risk reviews. In regard to risk management, the states, in particular, have become major drivers of how resources are driven. States use different laws, different priorities, and challenge DOE's policies in different ways. Land use decisions vary, technology choices are different, and other notable variations are apparent. The cost differences associated with these differences are marked. The net result is that resources do not necessarily go to the most prominent human health and safety risks, as seen from the national level.
Participation in organized sports is associated with decreased likelihood of unhealthy lifestyle habits in adolescents
Authors: Torstveit Monica Klungland , Johansen Bjørn Tore , Haugland Siri Håvås , Stea Tonje Holte 
Published: June 2018

Adolescence is a pivotal time for investing in both present and future health. Thus, it is important to identify arenas for promoting positive adolescent health behaviors and preventing negative ones. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between organized sports participation (OSP) and a broad range of lifestyle habits in Norwegian adolescents. A comprehensive survey was completed by 13 269 junior high and high school students in southern Norway. Multivariable binary logistic regression models, adjusted for gender, age, and parental education, were used to investigate the associations between OSP and adolescent substance use, dietary habits, physical activity level, passive vs active transportation, screen time, and sleep duration. Inverse associations were found between OSP and adolescent substance use (odds ratio 0.40 [95% confidence interval 0.30‐0.52] to 0.68 [0.61‐0.76]), irregular consumption of main meals (0.58 [0.53‐0.63] to 0.78 [0.70‐0.89]), high intake of unhealthy food and beverages (0.55 [0.47‐0.65] to 0.86 [0.75‐0.98]), low intake of healthy food items (0.57 [0.51‐0.63] to 0.77 [0.70‐0.84]), low physical activity level (0.15 [0.14‐0.17]), high screen‐based activity (0.61 [0.55‐0.67]), passive vs active transportation (summer; 0.79 [0.72‐0.86] and winter; 0.84 [0.77‐0.92]), and short sleep duration, during both weekdays (0.57 [0.52‐0.63]) and weekends (0.79 [0.69‐0.89]). In conclusion, adolescents participating in organized sports had decreased odds for engaging in several unhealthy lifestyle habits compared with non‐participants, indicating that organized sports may be a relevant setting for promoting healthy behaviors among adolescents. Future studies are, however, needed to confirm a possible causal relationship.