bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical outcomes in HIV+/HCV+ coinfected kidney transplant recipients in the pre‐ and post‐direct‐acting antiviral therapy eras: 10‐Year single center experience
Authors: Camargo Jose F. , Anjan Shweta , Chin‐Beckford Nafeesa , Morris Michele I. , Abbo Lilian M. , Simkins Jacques , Ciancio Gaetano , Chen Linda J. , Burke George W. , Figueiro Jose , Guerra Giselle , Kupin Warren L. , Mattiazzi Adela , Ortigosa‐Goggins Mariella , Ram Bhamidimarri Kalyan , Roth David 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundPrevious studies have demonstrated inferior patient and graft survival following kidney transplant (KT) in HIV+/HCV+ coinfected patients compared to HIV+/HCV− recipients. However, these studies were conducted prior to the availability of direct‐acting antiviral (DAA) agents and data in the modern era are lacking.MethodsSingle center retrospective study of HIV+/HCV+ coinfected KT recipients (2007‐2017). Outcomes were assessed for the pre‐DAA and post‐DAA (ie, after December 2013) eras including 1‐year patient survival, death‐censored graft survival, and acute rejection; and serious infections (defined as infections requiring admission to the intensive care unit during initial transplant hospitalization or re‐admission to the hospital after discharge) within the first 6 months post‐transplant.ResultsA total of 13 consecutive HIV+/HCV+ recipients were identified. Median time of post‐transplant follow‐up was 722 days. Seven patients were transplanted in the DAA era; five of them had anti‐HCV Ab+ donors, with two donors being HCV NAT positive; all received DAA therapy, six of them post‐transplant (median time from KT to DAA: 83 days; IQR, 54‐300). All the patients in the pre‐DAA era were on a protease inhibitor‐containing ART regimen. One‐year patient and death‐censored graft survivals were 83% and 67%, respectively, for the patients transplanted in the pre‐DAA era, and 100% for both outcomes in the subgroup of patients transplanted in the post‐DAA era (P > 0.05). Compared to patients in the post‐DAA era, those in the pre‐DAA era had higher incidence of serious infections (0 vs 67%; P = 0.02). Acute rejection exclusively occurred in the pre‐DAA group (n = 1; 17%).ConclusionsOutcomes of HIV+/HCV+ KT recipients, including HIV−/HCV+ to HIV+/HCV+ transplants, in the DAA era were excellent in this small cohort. Larger studies are needed.
China’s rapidly evolving practice of poverty resettlement: Moving millions to eliminate poverty
Authors: Rogers Sarah , Li Jie , Lo Kevin , Guo Hua , Li Cong 
Published: March 2019

AbstractMotivationUnlike other places where resettlement is largely a by‐product of large infrastructure projects, in China resettlement is used as a tool for poverty alleviation. With the introduction of Xi Jinping’s Targeted Poverty Alleviation, and the goal to end absolute poverty by 2020, resettlement has become central to China’s poverty‐alleviation practice. Rather than investing in dispersed, remote villages, the Chinese government prefers to bring people to development by constructing high‐density resettlement sites in small towns and peri‐urban areas: up to 16 million people are being resettled between 2016 and 2020. Despite the scale of these interventions, the English‐language literature on poverty resettlement is limited and has yet to detail rapidly evolving policies or how these are playing out on the ground.PurposeIn this article we examine how poverty resettlement projects are working under Targeted Poverty Alleviation, with a focus on the implementation and impacts of, as well as overlapping motives for, projects in Shaanxi and Gansu.Approach and MethodsOur analysis draws on semi‐structured interviews and secondary data collected in multiple sites in two provinces.FindingsOur findings show that China’s intense focus on resettlement as a tool for poverty alleviation has resulted in reduced financial burdens on those resettled, but is also engendering new conflicts at the local level.Policy implicationsOur analysis highlights the contested nature of state‐driven resettlement for poverty alleviation and raises questions about the relevance of this practice for other developing countries.
Diagnostic implications of genetic copy number variation in epilepsy plus
Authors: Coppola Antonietta , Cellini Elena , Stamberger Hannah , Saarentaus Elmo , Cetica Valentina , Lal Dennis , Djémié Tania , Bartnik‐Glaska Magdalena , Ceulemans Berten , Helen Cross J. , Deconinck Tine , Masi Salvatore De , Dorn Thomas , Guerrini Renzo , Hoffman‐Zacharska Dorotha , Kooy Frank , Lagae Lieven , Lench Nicholas , Lemke Johannes R. , Lucenteforte Ersilia , Madia Francesca , Mefford Heather C. , Morrogh Deborah , Nuernberg Peter , Palotie Aarno , Schoonjans An‐Sofie , Striano Pasquale , Szczepanik Elzbieta , Tostevin Anna , Vermeesch Joris R. , Van Esch Hilde , Van Paesschen Wim , Waters Jonathan J , Weckhuysen Sarah , Zara Federico , De Jonghe Peter , Sisodiya Sanjay M. , Marini Carla ,   EuroEPINOMICS‐RES Consortium,   EpiCNV Consortium
Published: March 2019

SummaryObjectiveCopy number variations (CNVs) represent a significant genetic risk for several neurodevelopmental disorders including epilepsy. As knowledge increases, reanalysis of existing data is essential. Reliable estimates of the contribution of CNVs to epilepsies from sizeable populations are not available.MethodsWe assembled a cohort of 1255 patients with preexisting array comparative genomic hybridization or single nucleotide polymorphism array based CNV data. All patients had “epilepsy plus,” defined as epilepsy with comorbid features, including intellectual disability, psychiatric symptoms, and other neurological and nonneurological features. CNV classification was conducted using a systematic filtering workflow adapted to epilepsy.ResultsOf 1097 patients remaining after genetic data quality control, 120 individuals (10.9%) carried at least one autosomal CNV classified as pathogenic; 19 individuals (1.7%) carried at least one autosomal CNV classified as possibly pathogenic. Eleven patients (1%) carried more than one (possibly) pathogenic CNV. We identified CNVs covering recently reported (HNRNPU) or emerging (RORB) epilepsy genes, and further delineated the phenotype associated with mutations of these genes. Additional novel epilepsy candidate genes emerge from our study. Comparing phenotypic features of pathogenic CNV carriers to those of noncarriers of pathogenic CNVs, we show that patients with nonneurological comorbidities, especially dysmorphism, were more likely to carry pathogenic CNVs (odds ratio = 4.09, confidence interval = 2.51‐6.68; P = 2.34 × 10−9). Meta‐analysis including data from published control groups showed that the presence or absence of epilepsy did not affect the detected frequency of CNVs.SignificanceThe use of a specifically adapted workflow enabled identification of pathogenic autosomal CNVs in 10.9% of patients with epilepsy plus, which rose to 12.7% when we also considered possibly pathogenic CNVs. Our data indicate that epilepsy with comorbid features should be considered an indication for patients to be selected for a diagnostic algorithm including CNV detection. Collaborative large‐scale CNV reanalysis leads to novel declaration of pathogenicity in unexplained cases and can promote discovery of promising candidate epilepsy genes.
Optimal divestment time in supply chain redesign under oligopoly: evidence from shale oil production plants
Authors: Alavifard Farzad , Ivanov Dmitry , He Jian 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThis paper investigates the optimal timing for the closure of production plants in the context of supply chain redesign. We consider producers operating under oligopoly and analyze their optimal decisions with the aid of real options. We contextualize this study in the energy supply chain, where revenue is heavily influenced by the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC). It is optimal to divest from a production if certain values pass below the liquidation cost. The optimal time to divest is, then, the optimal time to exercise a perpetual American put option on the total value of the project, where the strike price is the liquidation value and expenses. The OPEC oligpolistic power is modeled with the aid of a hidden market in a Hidden Markov Model, since the state of the Markov chain is not directly visible to the production manager. The reported results can be used by supply chain managers in decision making on production network redesign in the oligopolistic environment considering present value of plants and cash flows in the supply chain. The advantage of the modeling approach proposed is its analytical tractability, especially for project valuation and real‐option problems.
Sustained blood pressure control and coronary heart disease, stroke, heart failure, and mortality: An observational analysis of ALLHAT
Authors: Bowling C. Barrett , Davis Barry R. , Luciano Alison , Simpson Lara M. , Sloane Richard , Pieper Carl F. , Einhorn Paula T. , Oparil Suzanne , Muntner Paul 
Published: March 2019

Achieving blood pressure (BP) control is associated with lower cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, but less is known about CVD risk associated with sustained BP control over time. This observational analysis of the Antihypertensive and Lipid‐Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT) was restricted to participants with four to seven visits with systolic BP (SBP) measurements during a 22‐month period (n = 24 309). The authors categorized participants as having sustained BP control (SBP < 140 mm Hg) at 100%, 75% to <100%, 50% to <75%, and <50% of visits during this period. Outcomes included fatal coronary heart disease (CHD)/nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, heart failure (HF), a composite CVD outcome (fatal CHD/nonfatal MI, stroke, or HF), and mortality. Hazard ratios (HRs) for the association of category of sustained BP control for each outcome were obtained using proportional hazards models. SBP control was present among 20.0% of participants at 100%, 16.4% at 75% to less than 100%, 27.0% at 50% to less than 75%, and 36.6% at less than 50% of visits. Compared to those with SBP control at 100% visits, adjusted HR (95% CI) among those with SBP control at <50% of visits was 1.16 (0.93‐1.44) for fatal CHD/nonfatal MI, 1.71 (1.26‐2.32) for stroke, 1.63 (1.30‐2.06) for HF, 1.39 (1.20‐1.62) for the composite CVD outcome, and 1.14 (0.99‐1.30) for mortality. Sustained SBP control may be beneficial for preventing stroke, HF, and CVD outcomes in adults taking antihypertensive medication.
Concurrent validity of Nokia Go activity tracker in walking and free‐living conditions
Authors: Lebleu Julien , Detrembleur Christine , Guebels Camille , Hamblenne Pauline , Valet Maxime 
Published: March 2019

AbstractRationale, aims, and objectivesConsumer‐based activity trackers aim at quantifying physical activity in a wide range of contexts. Nevertheless, they need to be validated before they are confidently used. This study assessed the concurrent validity of the Nokia Go against reference devices, according to different sensor locations, in two measurement conditions: during a walking task and during a 24‐hour free‐living condition.MethodsWe examined the agreement between devices and between locations in the number of steps and total sleep time by using intraclass correlation coefficient and Bland‐Altman method.ResultsIn the walking task, the agreement is good to excellent for steps between the Nokia Go and the reference device. In the free‐living condition, there is a systematic underestimation of steps in comparison with the ActiGraph. Excellent agreement was found between locations. The device worn at the hip indicated the lowest number of steps, and the device located at the dominant wrist indicated the greatest number of steps.ConclusionsThere are high discrepancies in step count between devices because of the different types of activities in daily life. The Nokia Go may be confidently used for step counting during pure walking tasks, at different locations. However, the lack of concurrent validity with ActiGraph call for caution regarding their use in daily living conditions.
Microbiological and chemical quality of ice used to preserve fish in Lisbon marketplaces
Authors: Teixeira Pedro , Brandão João , Silva Susana , Babič Monika Novak , Gunde‐Cimerman Nina , Pires Joana , Costa Sílvia , Valério Elisabete 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIce is widely used to preserve fish on markets, playing a major role in the food industry. If manufactured, stored or distributed in inadequate sanitary conditions, it can represent a considerable health risk for both consumers and professionals. The present study characterizes ice used in marketplaces, on microbiological and chemical parameters. The aim was to assess potential risks on occupational exposure and consumer safety and therewith plan orientation guidelines. Sampling took place in 18 marketplaces in Lisbon, with ice samples collected at three different stages—production (n = 29), storage (n = 30), and product‐contact (n = 29). No significant contamination was found in production and storage stages, demonstrating that ice production and storage procedures are adequate regarding sanitary conditions. With exception for Salmonella, significantly higher concentrations of microbial parameters were identified in product‐contact stages, specifically Total Coliforms (548 MPN/100 mL), Escherichia coli (1 MPN/100 mL), Enterococci (29 MPN/100 mL), Staphylococcus aureus (271 CFU/100 mL), HPC at 5°, 22°, and 37° (>301 CFU/mL). Our study also shows that the majority of samples from ice production and storage comply with national regulations regarding drinking water quality. Yet, occupational health and consumer risks may still exist at the final product‐contact stage, as significant contamination was detected..Practical applicationsThe present study can be used as a model for ice quality monitoring in fish preservation, serving as a tool for quality control and fast contamination detection during the several process stages.This monitoring model is an important contribution for assuring the safety of the preserved products, as well as, occupational health improvement and consumer risk protection.
Lichen sclerosus et atrophicus and allergic contact dermatitis: A significant association
Authors: Tammaro Antonella , Magri Francesca , Iacovino Chiara , Zollo Verdiana , Parisella Francesca Romana , Persechino Severino 
Published: March 2019

SummaryLichen sclerosus et atrophicus (LSA) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease of unknown etiology. It mainly affects the anogenital area, while the extragenital involvement is uncommon. It manifests as pale, ivory‐colored lesions and partially atrophic skin. We report a case of a woman presenting to our department with LSA lesions at the level of the armpit. Furthermore, the patient was allergic to nickel sulfate and balsam of Peru. We assume the presence of an association between nickel allergy and onset of LSA.
Effect of a new cyclic derivative of GABA, RGPU-207, on the functions of cardiac and cerebral mitochondria of stressed animals
Authors: Mokrousov Ivan Sergeevich , Perfilova Valentina Nikolaevna , Prokofiev Igor Igorevich , Popova Tamara Alexandrovna , Vodopyanova Ekaterina Gennadievna , Vasil'eva Olga Sergeevna , Tyurenkov Ivan Nikolaevich 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Objectives
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of a new derivative of GABA, RGPU-207 compound, on the mitochondrial functions of stressed animals.

Methods
RGPU-207 and the comparator drugs (phenibut and piracetam) were administered intraperitoneally to unstressed and stressed male rats at a dose of 9.4, 25 and 400 mg/kg, respectively. The oxygen consumption by cardiac and cerebral mitochondria in state 3 and 4 and Chance's respiratory control ratio (RCR) was investigated. The concentration of lipid peroxidation products (LPO) such as malondialdehyde (MDA), conjugated dienes (CD) and diketones was evaluated in the isolated mitochondria, as well as the activity of the antioxidant system (AOS) enzymes (superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GP) and catalase).

Key findings
A new cyclic GABA derivative, RGPU-207 compound, at the dose of 9.4 mg/kg promotes a decline in MDA, diketone and CD concentrations in mitochondria and increases the levels of SOD, GP and catalase activity. Mitochondrial functional activity increases: oxygen consumption by cerebral mitochondria in state 4 decreases when complex I of the respiratory chain is activated, while malate-dependent state 3 respiration of cardiac mitochondria tends to increase. RCR of cardiac mitochondria increases when complexes I and II are involved. In cerebral mitochondria, malate-dependent and succinate-dependent RCR rise.

Conclusions
Twenty-four-hour immobilization and pain stress activate LPO processes inhibit the activity of the aos enzymes and decrease the functional activity of cardiac and cerebral mitochondria. RGPU-207 restricts LPO, enhances the antioxidant enzyme activity and improves the mitochondrial respiration. The efficacy of RGPU-207 is comparable with phenibut and piracetam.
The Perceptions of Fathers About Parenting a Child With Developmental Disability: A Scoping Review
Authors: Boyd Matthew J. , Iacono Teresa , McDonald Rachael 
Published: March 2019

AbstractCompared to mothers, research into the role and involvement of fathers in families with a child with a disability appears limited. The aim was to scope and critically appraise the available literature, with a focus on fathers' perceptions and experiences of their role in parenting a child with a developmental disability. A systematic search was conducted of research published from 2000 to 2017 that addressed the aim. Articles were included if data were available about fathers' experiences and/or perceptions of their role in relation to a child with disability; those addressing stress responses to fathering only were excluded. Information was extracted for summary. Twenty‐one studies (12 quantitative, 9 qualitative), conducted across 10 countries, met inclusion criteria. Key themes of qualitative studies included the process of fathers adapting to their child's disability, planning for the future, involvement with health services and how their perceptions and experiences shaped their participation in the family. Results of quantitative studies demonstrated differences in experiences of fathers compared to mothers as well as in approaches fathers applied to cope with challenging experiences. The review highlights current gaps in understanding the experiences of fathers and their perceptions about their own roles in parenting a child with disability. There is a need for further research into factors that might influence fathers' participation within their families.
Rural‐Urban Disparities in Total Physical Activity, Body Composition, and Related Health Indicators: An Atlantic PATH Study
Authors: Forbes Cynthia C. , Yu Zhijie Michael , Cui Yunsong , DeClercq Vanessa , Grandy Scott A. , Parker Louise , Sweeney Ellen , Dummer Trevor J. B. , Keats Melanie R. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractPurposeTo describe and compare the sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics of urban and rural residents in Atlantic Canada.MethodsCross‐sectional analyses of baseline data from the Atlantic Partnership for Tomorrow's Health cohort were conducted. Specifically, 17,054 adults (35‐69 years) who provided sociodemographic characteristics, measures of obesity, and a record of chronic disease and health behaviors were included in the analyses. Multiple linear regression and logistic regression models were used to calculate the multivariable‐adjusted beta coefficients (β), odds ratios (OR), and related 95% confidence intervals (CI).FindingsAfter adjusting for age, sex, and province, when compared to urban participants, rural residents were significantly more likely to: be classified as very active (OR: 1.19, CI: 1.11‐1.27), be obese (OR: 1.13, 1.05‐1.21), to present with abdominal obesity (OR: 1.08, CI: 1.01‐1.15), and have a higher body fat percentage (β: 0.40, CI: 0.12‐0.68) and fat mass index (β: 0.32, CI: 0.19‐0.46). Rural residents were significantly less likely to be regular or habitual drinkers (OR: 0.83, CI: 0.78‐0.89). Significant differences remained after further adjustment for confounding sociodemographic, lifestyle, and health characteristics. No significant differences in smoking behavior, fruit and vegetable intake, multimorbidity, or waist circumference were found.ConclusionsAs expected, obesity prevalence was higher in rural Atlantic Canadians. In contrast to much of the existing literature, we found that rural participants were more likely to report higher levels of total physical activity and lower alcohol consumption. Findings suggest that novel obesity prevention strategies may be needed for rural populations.
Regional Wage Responsiveness to Unemployment — Rural–Urban Heterogeneity and Policy Implications
Authors: Johansen Ulf , Egging Ruud , Johansen Kåre 
Published: March 2019

AbstractPrevious studies of regional wage formation in Norway have indicated low regional wage responses to regional unemployment. However, previous analyses have not investigated whether wages are more rigid in rural areas than in urban areas, which in the case of Norway is important for the efficiency of regional differentiated payroll taxes. In the paper, the authors focus on the rural–urban nature of the wage curve in Norway. We re‐estimate the wage curve on the basis of a large Norwegian microlevel dataset covering the entire Norwegian labour market during the years 2008–13. Our findings are rural–urban heterogeneity in the wage curve, with higher unemployment elasticity of pay in the urban region than in the rural regions. The elasticity of the average rural wage curve is about 70 per cent that of the of the urban wage curve. The authors conclude that to achieve the goals of regional policy in Norway, more rigid wages in rural areas seem to be an argument for continuing to have an active labour market policy for rural regions.
Stringent response leads to continued cell division and a temporal restart of DNA replication after initial shutdown in Vibrio cholerae
Authors: Kemter Franziska S. , Schallopp Nadine , Sperlea Theodor , Serrania Javier , Sobetzko Patrick , Fritz Georg , Waldminghaus Torsten 
Published: March 2019

SummaryVibrio cholerae is an aquatic bacterium with the potential to infect humans and cause the cholera disease. While most bacteria have single chromosomes, the V. cholerae genome is encoded on two replicons of different size. This study focuses on the DNA replication and cell division of this bi‐chromosomal bacterium during the stringent response induced by starvation stress. V. cholerae cells were found to initially shut DNA replication initiation down upon stringent response induction by the serine analog serine hydroxamate. Surprisingly, cells temporarily restart their DNA replication before finally reaching a state with fully replicated single chromosome sets. This division‐replication pattern is very different to that of the related single chromosome model bacterium Escherichia coli. Within the replication restart phase, both chromosomes of V. cholerae maintained their known order of replication timing to achieve termination synchrony. Using flow cytometry combined with mathematical modeling, we established that a phase of cellular regrowth be the reason for the observed restart of DNA replication after the initial shutdown. Our study shows that although the stringent response induction itself is widely conserved, bacteria developed different ways of how to react to the sensed nutrient limitation, potentially reflecting their individual lifestyle requirements.