bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Agreement between parental and student reports on respiratory symptoms and school environment in young Romanian children – evidence from the SINPHONIE project
Authors: Lu Yi , Marks Tia , Lin Shao , Neamtiu Iulia A. , Csobod Eva , Gurzau Eugen 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Background
Environmental research involving children often relies on the self-report or parental report of symptoms and environmental issues. While previous studies explored the agreements between child and parental reports, few of them were conducted in younger children and in developing countries. In this study, we addressed the research gaps by assessing the agreement between child and parental report on respiratory symptoms and school environment in Romanian primary schools.

Methods
Two hundred and eighty students from five schools and their parents participated in this study. Information on child’s respiratory symptoms and perceptions of school environment was collected via both student and parent questionnaires. Agreement between the two questionnaires was assessed by absolute agreement rates and kappa statistics. Prevalence index (PI), bias index (BI) and maximum attainable kappas were calculated to identify potential sources of disagreements.

Results
The agreement between student and parent questionnaires was low. Compared to the student’s report, parents often reported more symptoms than their children, particularly flu-like symptoms, and school environment problems. Parent and child tend to agree when there was no symptom reported, but disagreements often occurred when symptoms were reported. After adjusting for the PI, the agreements for asthma and allergic symptoms improved substantially. Disagreement on reporting of flu-like symptoms was strongly affected by pre-existing causes, such as different understandings of the questions between students and parents.

Conclusion
Parental report may have a higher sensitivity in capturing a child’s respiratory symptoms and school environment problems compared to self-report among young children in developing countries.
Signatures of Recent Positive Selection in Enhancers Across 41 Human Tissues
Authors: Moon Jiyun M , Capra John A , Abbot Patrick , Rokas Antonis 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Evolutionary changes in enhancers are widely associated with variation in human traits and diseases. However, studies comprehensively quantifying levels of selection on enhancers at multiple evolutionary periods during recent human evolution and how enhancer evolution varies across human tissues are lacking. To address these questions, we integrated a dataset of 41,561 transcribed enhancers active in 41 different human tissues (FANTOM Consortium) with whole genome sequences of 1,668 individuals from the African, Asian, and European populations (1000 Genomes Project). Our analyses based on four different metrics (Tajima’s D, FST, H12, nSL) showed that ∼5.90% of enhancers showed evidence of recent positive selection and that genes associated with enhancers under very recent positive selection are enriched for diverse immune-related functions. The distributions of these metrics for brain and testis enhancers were often statistically significantly different and in the direction suggestive of less positive selection compared to those of other tissues; the same was true for brain and testis enhancers that are tissue-specific compared to those that are tissue-broad and for testis enhancers associated with tissue-enriched and non-tissue-enriched genes. These differences varied considerably across metrics and tissues and were generally in the form of changes in distributions’ shapes rather than shifts in their values. Collectively, these results suggest that many human enhancers experienced recent positive selection throughout multiple time periods in human evolutionary history, that this selection occurred in a tissue-dependent and immune-related functional context, and that much like the evolution of their protein-coding gene counterparts, the evolution of brain and testis enhancers has been markedly different from that of enhancers in other tissues.
UV Laser-Induced, Time-Resolved Transcriptome Responses ofSaccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Hauser Melinda , Abraham Paul E , Barcelona Lorenz , Becker Jeffrey M 
Published: June 2019

AbstractWe determined the effect on gene transcription of laser-mediated, long-wavelength UV-irradiation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae by RNAseq analysis at times T15, T30, and T60 min after recovery in growth medium. Laser-irradiated cells were viable, and the transcriptional response was transient, with over 400 genes differentially expressed at T15 or T30, returning to basal level transcription by T60. Identification of transcripts exhibiting enhanced differential expression that were unique to UV laser-irradiation were identified by imposing a stringent significance cut-off (P &lt; 0.05, log2 difference &gt;2) then filtering out genes known as environmental stress response (ESR) genes. Using these rigorous criteria, 56 genes were differentially expressed at T15; at T30 differential expression was observed for 57 genes, some of which persisted from T15. Among the highly up-regulated genes were those supporting amino acid metabolic processes sulfur amino acids, methionine, aspartate, cysteine, serine), sulfur regulation (hydrogen sulfite metabolic processes, sulfate assimilation, sulfate reduction), proteasome components, amino acid transporters, and the iron regulon. At T30, the expression profile shifted to expression of transcripts related to catabolic processes (oxidoreductase activity, peptidase activity). Transcripts common to both T15 and T30 suggested an up-regulation of catabolic events, including UV damage response genes, and protein catabolism via proteasome and peptidase activity. Specific genes encoding tRNAs were among the down-regulated genes adding to the suggestion that control of protein biosynthesis was a major response to long-wave UV laser irradiation. These transcriptional responses highlight the remarkable ability of the yeast cell to respond to a UV-induced environmental insult.
Der Kalkulationszinsfuß in der Unternehmensbewertungspraxis – Möglichkeiten und Grenzen von Ermessensentscheidungen
Authors: Toll Christian , Leonhardt Tobias 
Published: June 2019

Zusammenfassung
Dieser Beitrag zielt darauf ab aufzuzeigen, wie sich in der Bewertungspraxis mitunter vorzufindende Ermessensentscheidungen hinsichtlich der Bestimmung des Kapitalisierungszinssatzes auf das Ergebnis einer Unternehmensbewertung auswirken. Als Anwendungsfall bietet sich der Aktionärsausschluss gem. §§ 327a ff. AktG an, da hier in Abhängigkeit vom Verfahrensfortschritt für die beteiligten Parteien – zunächst für den Hauptaktionär, aber später durchaus auch für die Minderheitsaktionäre – ein Anreiz besteht, etwaige Ermessensspielräume zum eigenen Vorteil bzw. Nachteil der jeweils anderen Partei zu nutzen. Im Zuge der Auseinandersetzung mit dem Basiszinssatz, der Marktrisikoprämie, dem Beta-Faktor, der persönlichen Besteuerung und dem Wachstumsabschlag wird deutlich, dass die Bewertungsgrundsätze des IDW für eine interessengeleitete Ausnutzung von Ermessensspielräumen hinsichtlich der Bestimmung des Kapitalisierungszinssatzes einen ergiebigen Nährboden bieten. Zudem decken die Ausführungen auf, dass es dem mit der Bewertung beauftragten Wirtschaftsprüfer möglich ist, seine Entscheidungen bezüglich der Ermessensausübung mit Hilfe des IDW S 1 gegenüber Dritten zu „immunisieren“. Daher weist der Beitrag darauf hin, dass eine Rückbesinnung auf die von Moxter (1976) mit Blick auf das Schutzbedürfnis der Betroffenen thematisierten „Grundsätze ordnungsmäßiger Unternehmensbewertung“ sowie das Leitbild des „Ehrbaren Kaufmanns“ allen Beteiligten in Erinnerung rufen sollte, wie sich ein „ordentlicher“ und „ehrbarer“ Unternehmensbewerter insbesondere in dominierten Bewertungssituationen wie der des aktienrechtlichen Aktionärsausschlusses verhalten sollte.
Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Outcomes of Bacteremic Pneumonia in Children
Authors: Fritz Cristin Q. , Edwards Kathryn M. , Self Wesley H. , Grijalva Carlos G. , Zhu Yuwei , Arnold Sandra R. , McCullers Jonathan A. , Ampofo Krow , Pavia Andrew T. , Wunderink Richard G. , Anderson Evan J. , Bramley Anna M. , Jain Seema , Williams Derek J. 
Published: June 2019

BACKGROUND:
Previous studies examining bacteremia in hospitalized children with pneumonia are limited by incomplete culture data. We sought to determine characteristics of children with bacteremic pneumonia using data from a large prospective study with systematic blood culturing.

METHODS:
Children &lt;18 years hospitalized with pneumonia and enrolled in the multicenter Etiology of Pneumonia in the Community study between January 2010 and June 2012 were eligible. Bivariate comparisons were used to identify factors associated with bacteremia. Associations between bacteremia and clinical outcomes were assessed by using Cox proportional hazards regression for length of stay and logistic regression for ICU admission and invasive mechanical ventilation or shock.

RESULTS:
Blood cultures were obtained in 2143 (91%) of 2358 children; 46 (2.2%) had bacteremia. The most common pathogens were Streptococcus pneumoniae (n = 23, 50%), Staphylococcus aureus (n = 6, 13%), and Streptococcus pyogenes (n = 4, 9%). Characteristics associated with bacteremia included male sex, parapneumonic effusion, lack of chest indrawing or wheezing, and no previous receipt of antibiotics. Children with bacteremia had longer lengths of stay (median: 5.8 vs 2.8 days; adjusted hazard ratio: 0.79 [0.73–0.86]) and increased odds of ICU admission (43% vs 21%; adjusted odds ratio: 5.21 [3.82–6.84]) and invasive mechanical ventilation or shock (30% vs 8%; adjusted odds ratio: 5.28 [2.41–11.57]).

CONCLUSIONS:
Bacteremia was uncommonly detected in this large multicenter cohort of children hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia but was associated with severe disease. S pneumoniae was detected most often. Blood culture was of low yield in general but may have greater use in those with parapneumonic effusion and ICU admission.
Os deslimites da palavra de Manoel de Barros
Authors: De Andrade Geysiane 
Published: June 2019

Manoel de Barros se traduziu na liberdade e no encantamento dos versos, em um trabalho artesanal com as palavras. Na linguagem, construiu um infinito particular, onde desvela muito mais do que as belezas do Pantanal, mas a grandeza do homem e da vida, uma poesia contemporânea que dialoga com a tradição simbolista e moderna. Exemplo disso é O livro das Ignorãças, no qual o autor apresenta seu percurso criativo e as origens de sua criação poética, transformando o ínfimo, o nada e as miudezas em pura poesia. Assim, este trabalho apresenta um pouco do projeto poético de Barros, especialmente no livro em questão, refletindo sobre seu processo criativo de acordo com algumas das teorias da criação poética. *** The unlimits of the word of Manoel de Barros ***Manoel de Barros translated himself into the freedom and enchantment of the verses, in a handcrafted work with words. In language, he constructed a particular infinite, where he unveils much more than the beauties of Pantanal, but the greatness of man and life, contemporary poetry that dialogues with the symbolism and modern tradition. A great example is O livro das Ignorãças, in which the author presents his creative journey and the origins of his poetic creation, transforming the tiny, the nothingness and the offal into pure poetry. Thus, this paper presents a little of the poetic project of Barros, especially in this book, reflecting on its creative process according to some poetic creation theories.Keywords: Poetry; Manoel de Barros; Modern lyric; Poetic creation.
Morte, linguagem e xamanismo em "Passagem das horas" de Álvaro de Campos
Authors: Marques Amanda Fievet 
Published: June 2019

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo realizar uma análise da estrutura do poema “Passagem das horas” de Álvaro de Campos. Ao considerar o próprio desenvolvimento dos versos, a manifestação da morte na linguagem poética tal como aqui aparece, intenciona-se pensar de que forma a variação linguística no estilo de Álvaro de Campos é uma forma de morte e uma ruptura com relação à usual concepção de morte, a realização de um êxtase, que em termos semióticos, considera-se xamânico. A esse propósito, investigar-se-ão as particularidades de cada uma das três seções do poema. Primeiro, o eu lírico reconta as lembranças várias de sua própria vida, a partir da qual constitui-se um sensacionismo nostálgico. Segundo, o eu lírico angustia-se diante da morte, em termos de uma linguagem antitética e anafórica. Terceiro, o eu lírico realiza uma aclamação à morte ou um transe xamânico, pois ao personificar a morte em dama da noite, ama-a fervorosamente, demonstra o estatuto criativo e curativo da linguagem considerada delirante e, evidentemente, a indiscernibilidade entre criação, morte e delírio. *** Death, language and shamanism in "Passage of the hours" by Álvaro de Campos ***The present work aims to analyze the structure of the poem "Passage of the Hours" by Álvaro de Campos. In considering the development of the verses themselves, the manifestation of death in poetic language as it appears here, one intends to think of how linguistic variation in the style of Alvaro de Campos is a form of death and a rupture with respect to the usual concept of death, the constitution of an ecstasy, which in semiotic terms, is considered shamanic. In this regard, the particularities of each of the three sections of the poem will be investigated. First, the lyrical self retells the various memories of its own life, from which nostalgic sensation is created. Second, the lyrical self anguishes before death, in terms of an antithetic and anaphoric language. Third, the lyrical self performs an acclamation to death or a shamanic trance; by embodying death as a lady of the night, he loves her intensely, demonstrating the creative and curative status of language considered delirious, and evidently the indiscernibility between creation, death, and delirium.Keywords: Death; Language; Shamanism; Stylistics; Álvaro de Campos.
The incidence of malnutrition between 1 and 5 years of age on the basis of the preventive primary care data
Authors: Kádár M , Szőllősi GJ , Molnár SZ , Szabó L 
Published: June 2019

Introduction
Malnutrition inhibits children from normal development and leads to irreversible consequences with respect to mental and physical performance.

Materials and methods
We analysed the aggregate data in the 2013–2015 reports of regional visiting nurses on the nutritional status of Hungarian children at the ages of 1, 3, and 5 years. In the regions of Hungary, stratum-specific proportions were calculated with 95% confidence intervals for the proportion of children with lower than a 10th percentile score.

Results
The proportions of malnutrition among children whose score was below the 10th percentile nationwide were 8.14% [8.03%–8.25%] at age 1, 6.87% [8.03%–8.25%] at age 3, and 5.68% [5.59%–5.78%] at age 5. In all three age groups, the proportion of children below the 10th percentile was significantly lower in the Central Hungarian region than in the national reference proportion and in Northern Hungary and the Southern Great Plain.

Discussion and conclusions
These results indicate that Hungary’s incidence of malnutrition is no better than the worldwide average. To improve this situation, Hungarian healthcare professionals must at least begin following a precise, standardized protocol for the compulsory assessment of nutritional status in the framework of their reporting on the primary care of children.
Christopher Partridge. 'Dub in Babylon: Understanding the Evolution and Significance of Dub Reggae in Jamaica and Britain from King Tubby to Post-punk'
Authors: Tennant Lewis 
Published: June 2019

Christopher Partridge. 2010. Dub in Babylon: Understanding the Evolution and Significance of Dub Reggae in Jamaica and Britain from King Tubby to Post-punk.London: Equinox. 319pp. ISBN 978-1-84553-312-0 (pbk).
Cardiac arrhythmias and predictors in patients of young age with marfanoid habitus
Authors: Timofeev Eugene V. , Zemtsovsky Eduard V. , Reeva Svetlana V. 
Published: June 2019

Cardiac arrhythmias are frequent manifestations of hereditary connective tissue disorders (HCTD). Such HCTD as Marfan syndrome (MS), the primary mitral valve prolapse are characterized by frequent supraventricular and ventricular extrasystoles, prolonged PQ and QT interval, reduced heart rate variability and frequent findings of other predictors of heart arrhythmias. Cardiac arrhythmias as well as their predictors in patients of young age with marfanoid habitus (MH) were not previously evaluated.
Materials and methods. A total number of 238 patients of young age were examined. All patients received phenotypic and anthropometric screening and Holter ECG. Cardiac arrhythmias, duration of QT interval (QTc), QT dispersion (QTd), heart rate variability and heart rate turbulence were estimated.
Results for young people with MH as compared with the control group are characterized by frequent detection of paired (42.6% vs 9.7%, p= 0.00001), group (17.0% vs 4.2%, p = 0.01) supraventricular extrasystoles, ventricular extrasystoles in pathological quantity (10.6% vs 1.4%, p = 0.02). Pathological value of heart rate turbulence is detected significantly more frequently in individuals with MH. During evaluation of variability a significant decrease in all spectral (HF, LF, VLF), as well as most statistical (SDNN, pNN50) indicators was revealed. Patients with MH are characterized by prolonged QT interval (QTc threshold in 480 ms overcomes 21% of boys with MH, p = 0.00001) and increase the variance of the QT interval (threshold of 50 ms overcomes 37.5% of girls with MH, p = 0.0004).
FACTORS INFLUENCED PADDY FARMERS TO USE OR NOT USE ORGANIC FERTILIZERS IN SOUTH SUMATERA, INDONESIA
Authors: Hildayanti Siti Komariah , Alie Juhaini 
Published: June 2019

Rice farming in the tidal wetland require specific cultivation techniques. The using of anorganic fertilizers can cause soil damage and loss of production. One way to minimize the loss was by introducing the use of organic fertilizer to improve the soil fertility. This research tries to elaborate the probability of farmers to use the organic fertilizer under some factors influence in a case tidal wetland at South Sumatera, Indonesia.This research aimed to analyze factors influenced paddy farmers to use or not use organic fertilizer. This research implemented in 9 villages, 5 districts in Banyuasin as one of tidal wetland in South Sumatera. Techniques used in the sampling of this research is randomly layered unbalanced. Population farmers grouped into paddy farmers who had already used organic fertilizers, either fully or semi-organic, and only used inorganic fertilizers.The probability of rice farmers to use or not use organic fertilizers is affected by some aspects could be value by binary choice model or Logit Model. The results showed that the land size, experiences, a ratio of fertilizer to rice price were significantly affect chances of paddy farmers to use organic fertilizers in the tidal wetland.
Management Education – The philosophy of Education
Authors: Allegra Stefania 
Published: June 2019

It’s a duty for a person and for society. The education is related to the importance of culture, the place where you live it influences the education.
You must take care about the level of the education that you can achieve. It’s important to get goals, forms, methods, and meaning of education. So philosophy education means philosophical analysis and pedagogical method applications.
Universities move according to the importance of education. Today we find common themes about the philosophy of education that express the change in teaching, at all levels.
Many philosophies influence the philosophy of education such as realism, idealism, positivism, empiricism, existentialism, Marxism.1
MOTIVASI BERPRESTASI DENGAN ADVERSITY QUOTIENT PADA SISWA MADRASAH ALIYAH DI KOTA PALEMBANG
Authors: Farisuci Rima Melati , Budiman Budiman , Lukmawati Lukmawati 
Published: June 2019

This research aims to know thecorrelation between Achievement Motivation with Adversity Quotient for Students at Senior High School Palembang and used the correlational quantitative research. The hypothesis proposed in this research is there is a correlation between Achievement Motivation with Adversity Quotient for Students at Senior High School Palembang. The research sample are 68 people consisting of 3 classes with ages ranging from 16-18 years. Data Analysis methods use the spearman rank technique and SPSS Version 23 for windows. Hypothesis test results show a significance value of 0,037 where is p<0.05, it means there is correlation between Achievement Motivation with Adversity Quotient for Students at Senior High School Palembang. Other word that one of the factors that can influence adversity quotient is achievement motivation.
ANOM ve ANOMTR Testlerinin Performansları Bakımından Karşılaştırılması
Authors: YİĞİT Soner 
Published: June 2019

Bu
çalışmada, tek yönlü Ortalamaların Analizi (ANOM) ve Transforme Edilmiş
Ranklara Dayalı Ortalamaların Analizi (ANOMTR) testleri varyansları homojen
normal olmayan dağılımlarda 1. tip hata olasılığı ve testin gücü bakımından karşılaştırılmıştır.
Yapılan 100000 simülasyon denemesi sonucunda, dikkate alınan deneme koşulları
ne olursa olsun ANOMTR testi bakımından gerçekleşen 1. tip hata olasılıkları % 4.50-5.50
içinde kalmıştır. Ancak ANOM testi bakımından gerçekleşen 1. tip hata
olasılıklarının genel olarak bu sınırlar içerisinde kalmadığı görülmüştür. ANOM
testinin dağılımın eğriliğinden ziyade, dikliğinden oldukça olumsuz etkilendiği
tespit edilmiştir. Varyanslar homojen
olduğu sürece, dağılımın şekli ve tekerrür sayısı ne olursa olsun ANOMTR testi
oldukça güvenilir sonuçlar vermiştir.
EFEK IMMUNOTOKSIK LOGAM BERAT MERKURI KLORIDA (HgCl2) TERHADAP PERUBAHAN UKURAN MELANO-MAKROFAG GINJAL IKAN MAS (Cyprinus carpio)
Authors: Mubarokah Lailatul , Tjahjaningsih Wahju , Sulmartiwi Laksmi 
Published: June 2019

Salah satu logam berat yang bersifat racun adalah merkuri. Salah satu jenis senyawa merkuri anorganik adalah merkuri klorida (HgCl2) yang dapat menyebabkan kerusakan pada hati, ginjal dan bersifat korosif pada usus. Paparan logam berat dalam perairan akan terakumulasi pada jaringan dalam organ ikan melalui aktivitas metabolisme dan proses bioabsorbtion. Organisme akuatik sangat baik digunakan sebagai indikator pencemaran logam dalam lingkungan perairan. Ikan mas sering direkomendasikan untuk indikator adanya polutan di perairan dan digunakan sebagai model eksperimental, karena ketersediaan dan kemampuan adaptasi yang baik terhadap kondisi laboratorium. Merkuri klorida (HgCl2) dapat menyebabkan efek immunotoksik yang akan menimbulkan respon imun dan perubahan behaviour ikan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah merkuri klorida dapat menyebabkan efek immunotoksik yang ditunjukkan dengan adanya perubahan ukuran melano-makrofag ginjal ikan mas. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) menggunakan empat perlakuan merkuri klorida (0, 0,01, 0,05 dan 0,1 ppm) dengan jumlah hewan uji yang digunakan adalah lima ekor setiap perlakuan dengan ulangan sebanyak lima kali. Parameter utama adalah perubahan ukuran melano- makrofag ginjal ikan mas. Parameter penunjang adalah perubahan behavior dan kualitas air. Kesimpulan yang didapat dari hasil penelitian ini adalah bahwa merkuri klorida dapat menyebabkan efek immunotoksik yang ditunjukkan dengan adanya perubahan ukuran melano-makrofag ginjal ikan mas (Cyprinus carpio). Perubahan ukuran melano-makrofag ginjal ikan mas yang terpapar merkuri klorida 0,01 ppm, 0,05 ppm, 0,1 ppm mengalami peningkatan dibanding ikan mas yang tidak terpapar merkuri klorida (0 ppm).