bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Woven EndoBridge device apposition and compression using Sim&Size virtual simulation correlate with aneurysm occlusion status: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Cagnazzo Federico , Atallah Alexis , van Dokkum Liesjet E H , Capirossi Carolina , Gascou Gregory , Dargazanli Cyril , Lefevre Pierre Henri , Di Salle Gianfranco , Machi Paolo , Collemiche Francois-Louis , Varnier Quentin , Checkouri Thomas , Chnafa Christophe , Rene Amandine , Radu Răzvan Alexandru , Costalat Vincent 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundVirtual simulation is increasingly used for aneurysm treatment. This study aimed to explore whether mechanical behavior biomarkers of the Woven EndoBridge (WEB) device as computed by Sim&Size simulation software were associated with aneurysmal occlusion status at follow-up.MethodsConsecutive patients with aneurysms treated with WEB were retrospectively enrolled (January 2014 to December 2021). Aneurysms were included if three-dimensional digital subtraction angiography and follow-up imaging were available. Device apposition and compression within the aneurysm sac were retrospectively calculated by Sim&Size simulation software. Mean global and maximum compression, mid-device and neck compression, and the Spruce index of heterogeneity of deformation of the simulated device were calculated. A multivariate Lasso regression was performed.ResultsA total of 81 aneurysms in 80 patients (56 females; mean age 60±12 years) were analyzed. At a mean radiological follow-up of 3±2 years, 62 (77%) showed an adequate occlusion. Mean apposition in the inadequate and adequate occlusion group was 42.9±11% and 53.97±12%, respectively (P=0.002), mean global compression was 4.95±3% and 7.85±6% (P=0.035), respectively, and maximal compression was 13.44±6% and 20.73±11%, respectively (P=0.009). Compressions at mid-level and neck level were comparable between the two groups. The Spruce index was higher in the inadequate occlusion group (0.16±0.05 vs 0.20±0.05, P=0.005). Multivariate analysis showed that wall apposition, maximum compression and the Spruce index were independent prognosticators of aneurysm occlusion.ConclusionsWall apposition, maximum compression and the Spruce index computed by Sim&Size software predicted the likelihood of aneurysm occlusion at follow-up, after WEB treatment.
High-dose opioids in advanced cancer: use factors–retrospective study
Authors: Peng Wanglian , Huang Xufen , Zou Ran , Chen Qifang , Ding Jialin , Jiang Man , Yuan Zhijun 
Published: October 2024

ObjectivesTo evaluate factors associated with high-dose opioid use in patients with advanced cancer and examine the effect of high-dose opioid use on patients’ survival.MethodsThis study retrospectively searched the medical records of 416 patients with advanced cancer in a home-based hospice in central China. Age, sex, type of cancer, type of pain, the maximum oral morphine equivalent daily dose, type of opioid, preadmission oral morphine equivalent daily dose, lung cancer or not, bone metastases, opioid switch and survival time were assessed.ResultsThere were 416 subjects included from the 455 eligible participants (91.4%). 80 patients (19.2%) received high-dose opioids at home. Male (OR 2.471; 95% CI 1.054 to 5.792; p=0.037), preadmission morphine equivalent daily dose (OR 1.022; 95% CI 1.016 to 1.028; p=0.000) and the use of morphine at maximum morphine equivalent daily dose (OR 5.123; 95% CI 1.249 to 21.014; p=0.023) were positively predicted high-dose opioid use. No difference in survival was found when comparing the high-dose and very high-dose opioid use groups.ConclusionsMale home-based patients with advanced cancer who use morphine and have greater preadmission opioid doses should be aware of the necessity for high-dose opioid use. Regulated opioid use in adequate amounts does not shorten survival.
Virus‐Triggered Autoimmunity Was Associated With Hirschsprung’s Disease Through Activation of Innate Immunity
Authors: Zhong Weiyong , Lan Chaoting , Chen Yuqiong , Song Kai , Ma Zuyi , Zeng Jixiao , Huang Lihua , Zhang Yan , Zhu Yun , Xia Huimin 
Published: October 2024

Background: Hirschsprung’s disease (HSCR) is a congenital enteric nervous system (ENS) disorder. Genetics cannot explain most sporadic cases. To explore the relationship between pathogen infection, autoantibodies, innate immune, and HSCR.Methods: Pathogen microarray was conducted in the serum of the prospective neonatal abdominal distension (NAD) cohort, consisting of 56 children followed for at least 6 months until the final diagnosis of HSCR was determined or excluded. We conducted an autoantibody microarray in an HSCR cohort, which is comprised of diagnosed HSCR patients (HSCR) and healthy control subjects (HC). RNA‐seq of colon tissues from aganglionic and ganglionic segments of HSCR patients was performed.Results: Experimental results show that the serum lgM and lgG of enterovirus 71 (EV71) were significantly higher in HSCR than in the gastrointestinal dysfunction (GI) group, with a prediagnose value reaching area under the curve (AUC) over 0.76. We discovered that a group of autoantibodies were significantly higher in HSCR including neuronal pentraxin 1 (NPTX1), amyloid, neuron lysate, and myelin‐associated oligodendrocytic basic protein (MOBP) than that in the HC group. These four autoantibodies could distinguish HSCR from the HC group, with a combined AUC of over 0.90 using both serum IgG and IgM. Further analysis showed that wide activation of innate immune pathways, including toll‐like receptor (TLR) signaling pathway, neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR) signaling pathway, red cell distribution width to lymphocyte ratio (RLR) signaling pathway, and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signaling pathway in aganglionic compared to ganglionic segments of HSCR.Conclusion: This study suggested that virus‐triggered autoimmunity may contribute to HSCR through activation of innate immunity, which facilitates the diagnosis and prevention of HSCR.
Associations Between Arterial Stiffness and Metabolic Target in Children and Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes Treated in a Modern Setting
Authors: Damm Julie A. , Dalgas-Madsen Amalie , Bech Agnes M. K. , Pilgaard Kasper A. , Pociot Flemming , Hansen Tine W. , Johannesen Jesper 
Published: October 2024

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of elevated arterial stiffness and associations to known and potentially novel risk factors in a modern European technology‐based cohort of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes.Research Design and Methods: Cross‐sectional study, including 127 children recruited from Pediatric Diabetes Departments across Eastern Denmark between May 2022 and January 2024. Arterial stiffness was assessed as carotid–femoral pulse‐wave‐velocity (cfPWV) using the Sphygmocor XCEL system. Unadjusted and adjusted linear regression models explored associations between cfPWV and other risk factors. Adjustments included age, sex, diabetes duration, time‐in‐range, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), body mass index (BMI) z‐score, low‐density lipoprotein (LDL)‐cholesterol, and mean arterial pressure (MAP).Results: Median (interquartile range [IQR]) age was 14.2 years (12.0, 16.4), diabetes duration was 4.7 years (2.7, 8.4), HbA1c level was 7.0% (6.5, 7.9), (53 mmol/l: 48–63), time‐in‐range was 63% (53–75), and 52% were male. The majority were treated with continuous‐subcutaneous‐insulin‐infusion (82%), and all (except two) used continuous‐glucose‐monitors. The prevalence of elevated arterial stiffness (cfPWV z‐score over the 90th percentile) was 16%. Unadjusted analyses demonstrated higher cfPWV was associated with longer diabetes duration, higher age, HbA1c, MAP, and liver stiffness, and lower time‐in‐range and insulin sensitivity. Higher cfPWV remained associated with higher age (standardized β (confidence interval (CI) 95%): 0.38 (0.27, 0.48); p  < 0.001) and lower time‐in‐range (−0.15 ((−0.26), (−0.03)); p  < 0.011) after adjustment.Conclusions: Despite modern treatment technology and better overall metabolic control, children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes present with a high prevalence of elevated arterial stiffness. Higher arterial stiffness was associated with higher age and lower time‐in‐range, independent of other risk factors, including HbA1c.
Lung Ultrasound in the Acute Phase of ST‐Segment–Elevation Acute Myocardial Infarction: 1‐Year Prognosis and Improvement in Risk Prediction
Authors: Carreras‐Mora José , Vidal‐Burdeus María , Rodríguez‐González Clara , Simón‐Ramón Clara , Rodríguez‐Sotelo Laura , Sionis Alessandro , Giralt‐Borrell Teresa , Martínez‐Membrive María José , Izquierdo‐Marquisá Andrea , Farré Núria , Cainzos‐Achirica Miguel , Tizón‐Marcos Helena , García‐Picart Joan , Milà‐Pascual Laia , Vaquerizo‐Montilla Beatriz , Rivas‐Lasarte Mercedes , Ribas‐Barquet Núria 
Published: October 2024

Background
Lung ultrasound (LUS) has emerged as a useful tool in the acute phase of patients admitted for ST‐segment–elevation myocardial infarction. However, its long‐term significance remains uncertain, and risk scores do not include LUS findings as a predictor. This study aims to assess the 1‐year prognostic value of LUS and its ability to enhance existing risk scores.

Methods and Results

This is a multicenter prospective cohort study involving 373 patients with ST‐segment–elevation myocardial infarction. LUS was performed during the first 24 hours after angiography. LUS results were assessed both as a categorical (wet/dry lung) and continuous variable (LUS score). The primary end point comprised the following major adverse cardiovascular events: all‐cause mortality or hospitalization for heart failure, acute coronary syndrome, or stroke within 1 year. We also evaluated whether LUS could enhance the predictive value of the GRACE (Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events) score. Major adverse cardiovascular events occurred in 51 (13.7%) patients over a median follow‐up of 368 days. After multivariate analysis, the LUS score was an independent predictor (hazard ratio [HR], 1.06 [95% CI, 1.01–1.10];
P
=0.009] for each additional B‐line), whereas the categorical classification was an independent predictor in patients with ST‐segment–elevation myocardial infarction Killip I (HR, 3.12 [95% CI, 1.34–7.31];
P
=0.009). Incorporating LUS into GRACE resulted in a net reclassification index of 31.6% and a significant increase in the area under the curve; GRACE alone scored 0.705 compared with GRACE+LUS 0.791 (
P
=0.002).

Conclusions
Detecting B‐lines on LUS at the acute phase predicts major adverse cardiovascular events at 1 year in patients with ST‐segment–elevation myocardial infarction and enhances the predictive value of the GRACE score.

REGISTRATION: URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT04526535.
Safety and Effectiveness of Low‐Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol–Lowering Therapy With Evolocumab for Familial Hypercholesterolemia/Hypercholesterolemia in Japan: A Real‐World, Postmarketing, Single‐Arm Study
Authors: Yokote Koutaro , Ako Junya , Kitagawa Kazuo , Osada Nobuhiro , Sheng Feng , Sonoda Masae , Teramoto Tamio 
Published: October 2024

Background
Evolocumab is the first monoclonal antibody against proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 approved in Japan for familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) and hypercholesterolemia; however, data on its safety and effectiveness in the real‐world setting in Japan are limited.

Methods and Results

This real‐world, postmarketing, single‐arm study assessed the safety and effectiveness of low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol lowering with evolocumab in patients with homozygous/heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia and hypercholesterolemia with high risk in Japan (668 sites). The primary safety end point was the incidence (percentage) and number of patients with adverse drug reactions and serious adverse events during the 104‐week follow‐up. Primary effectiveness end points included the percentage change in low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol levels from baseline to week 12, assessed using 2‐sided paired
t
tests. The safety and effectiveness sets comprised 3724 (homozygous FH, n=108; heterozygous FH, n=2009; hypercholesterolemia with high risk, n=1607) and 2797 (homozygous FH, n=91; heterozygous FH, n=1615; hypercholesterolemia with high risk, n=1091) patients, respectively. Overall, mean age and disease duration were 63.2 and 12.3 years, respectively. Serious adverse drug reactions and serious adverse events were experienced by 0.5% and 10.3% of patients; the incidence rates of myocardial infarction and stroke were 0.7% and 0.3%, respectively. A significant mean±SD percentage change in low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol levels was observed at week 12 among patients with homozygous FH (−45.7%±28.2;
P
<0.001), heterozygous FH (−55.9%±28.8;
P
<0.001), and hypercholesterolemia with high risk (−63.3%±23.7;
P
<0.001).

Conclusions
Evolocumab was well tolerated, and real‐world patients with familial hypercholesterolemia and hypercholesterolemia with high risk in Japan had sustained low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol reduction.

REGISTRATION

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique Identifier: NCT02808403.
Cardiomyocyte‐Specific Overexpression of Activated Yes‐Associated Protein Modified‐RNA Promotes Cardiomyocyte Proliferation and Myocardial Regeneration
Authors: Wang Yongyu , Wu Yalin , Jiang Yu , Tan Huilan , Guragain Bijay , Nguyen Thanh , Zhao Jianli , Zhou Yang , Nakada Yuji , Zhang Jianyi 
Published: October 2024

Background
The proliferative capacity of cardiomyocytes in adult mammalian hearts is far too low to replace the cells that are lost to myocardial infarction. Both cardiomyocyte proliferation and myocardial regeneration can be improved via the overexpression of a constitutively active variant of YAP5SA (Yes‐associated protein, 5SA [active] mutant), but persistent overexpression of proliferation‐inducing genes could lead to hypertrophy and arrhythmia, whereas off‐target expression in fibroblasts and macrophages could increase fibrosis and inflammation.

Methods and Results

Transient overexpression of YAP5SA or GFP (green fluorescent protein; control) was targeted to cardiomyocytes via our cardiomyocyte‐specific modified mRNA translation system (
YAP5SA
CM‐SMRTs or
GFP
CM‐SMRTs, respectively). YAP5SA‐cardiomyocyte specificity was confirmed via in vitro experiments in cardiomyocytes and cardiac fibroblasts that had been differentiated from human induced‐ pluripotent stem cells and in human umbilical‐vein endothelial cells, and the regenerative potency of
YAP5SA
CM‐SMRTs was evaluated in a mouse myocardial infarction model. In cultured human induced‐pluripotent stem cells‐cardiomyocytes, YAP was abundantly expressed for 3 days after
YAP5SA
CM‐SMRTs administration and was accompanied by increases in the expression of markers for proliferation, before declining to near‐background levels after day 7, whereas GFP fluorescence remained high from days 1 to 3 after
GFP
CM‐SMRTs treatment and then slowly declined. GFP fluorescence was also observed in human induced‐pluripotent stem cells‐cardiac fibroblasts and human umbilical‐vein endothelial cells on day 1 after
GFP
CM‐SMRTs administration but declined substantially by day 3. In the mouse myocardial infarction model, echocardiographic assessments of left‐ventricular ejection fraction and fractional shortening were significantly greater, whereas infarct sizes were significantly smaller in
YAP5SA
CM‐SMRTs–treated mice than in vehicle‐treated control animals, and
YAP5SA
CM‐SMRTs appeared to promote cardiomyocyte proliferation.

Conclusions
The CM‐SMRTs can be used to transiently and specifically overexpress YAP5SA in cardiomyocytes, and this treatment strategy significantly promoted cardiomyocyte proliferation and myocardial regeneration in a mouse myocardial infarction model.
Characterizing Nonculprit Lesions and Perivascular Adipose Tissue of Patients Following Acute Myocardial Infarction Using Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography: A Comparative Study
Authors: Wang Xiaomeng , Sia Ching H. , Adamson Philip D. , Greer Charlotte E. , Huang Weimin , Lee Hwee K. , Leng Shuang , Loong Yan T. , Raffiee Nur A. S. , Tan Swee Y. , Tan Sock H. , Teo Lynette L. S. , Wong Sung L. , Yang Xiaoxun , Yew Min S. , Yong Thon H. , Zhong Liang , Shaw Leslee J. , Chan Mark Y. Y. , Hausenloy Derek J. , Baskaran Lohendran 
Published: October 2024

Background
The comparison of coronary computed tomography angiography plaques and perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) between patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) posttreatment and patients with stable coronary artery disease is poorly understood. Our objective was to evaluate the differences in coronary computed tomography angiography–quantified plaque and PVAT characteristics in patients post‐AMI and identify signs of residual inflammation.

Methods and Results

We analyzed 205 patients (age, 59.77±9.24 years; 92.20% men) with AMI ≤1 month and matched them with 205 patients with stable coronary artery disease (age, 60.52±10.04 years; 90.24% men) based on age, sex, and cardiovascular risk factors. Coronary computed tomography angiography scans were assessed for nonculprit plaque and vessel characteristics, plaque volumes by composition, high‐risk plaques, and PVAT mean attenuation. Both patient groups exhibited similar noncalcified plaque volumes (383.35±313.23 versus 378.63±426.25 mm
3
,
P
=0.899). However, multivariable analysis revealed that patients post‐AMI had a greater patient‐wise noncalcified plaque volume ratio (estimate, 0.089 [95% CI, 0.053–0.125],
P
<0.001), largely attributed to a higher fibrofatty and necrotic core volume ratio, along with higher peri‐lesion PVAT mean attenuation (estimate, 3.968 [95% CI, 2.556–5.379],
P
<0.001). When adjusted for vessel length, patients post‐AMI had more high‐risk plaques (estimate, 0.417 [95% CI, 0.298–0.536],
P
<0.001) per patient.

Conclusions
Patients post‐AMI displayed heightened noncalcified plaque components, largely due to fibrofatty and necrotic core content, more high‐risk plaques, and increased PVAT mean attenuation on a per‐patient level, highlighting the necessity for refined risk assessment in patients with AMI after treatment.
Reimagining Cryptogenic Stroke Care: Collaborative Care and Inpatient Insertable Cardiac Monitors for Detection of Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Herial Nabeel A. , Frisch Daniel R. , Miller Elan , Patel Priyadarshee , Munoz Alfredo , Warren Melissa , Khalife Jane , Majmundar Shyam , Farkas Nathan , Alam Shaista , Dharia Robin , Tzeng Diana , Pavri Behzad B. , Ho Reginald T. , Greenspon Arnold , Bell Rodney , Jabbour Pascal , Rosenwasser Robert 
Published: October 2024

Background
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a known risk factor of ischemic stroke, and AF‐related stroke is twice more likely to be fatal. Long‐term cardiac rhythm monitoring using insertable cardiac monitors (ICMs) has greater diagnostic yield compared with conventional monitoring in detecting AF, and the clinical utility of ICMs is established in cryptogenic stroke, strokes attributable to large‐artery atherosclerosis, and strokes attributable to small‐vessel disease. A registry‐based study was conducted to evaluate the inpatient implantation of ICMs and the feasibility of vascular and interventional neurologists as implanters using novel collaborative clinical care pathway for cryptogenic stroke.

Methods
Multiyear data from a hospital‐based registry at a comprehensive stroke center were reviewed to evaluate inpatient ICM implantation and test feasibility of vascular and interventional neurologists as implanters of ICMs together with cardiology using a novel collaborative care pathway. Reviewed data included the number of ICMs, implantation trend, inpatient versus outpatient setting, time to ICM implantation, inpatient workflow, including defined roles of team members, and AF detection rate.

Results
A total of 290 ICMs for cryptogenic stroke were implanted when patients were in the hospital and 78 as outpatients after discharge during the study period of 3 years. Most inpatient ICM implants were performed by vascular and interventional neurology (n = 181), and ICM use for cryptogenic stroke increased by 130%. The average time to inpatient ICM implant was 4.1 days, with 77% in 5 days and 95.5% within 10 days poststroke. The average time to out‐patient ICM placement was 57 days. AF detection rate of 36.5% was noted at 24 months with a collaborative care pathway.

Conclusion
Inpatient implantation of ICMs is feasible and was performed safely and efficiently by vascular and interventional neurology together with cardiology using a collaborative care pathway. An increase in use of ICMs and higher AF detection rates were noted. Findings support innovative efforts to improve access and close the gaps in the delivery of cryptogenic stroke care to ultimately reduce the secondary stroke burden.
Environmental Rights and the Impact of Climate Change within the Committee on the Rights of the Child Concluding Observation Reports
Authors: MacDonald Fiona 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In recent years, there has been an increasing global focus on climate change and environmental issues. Although there are only two articles that refer to environmental health and none to climate change in the Convention on the Rights of the Child, the UN Committee has considered these subjects to be children’s rights issues.
Presented here is a summary of the findings from an empirical study demonstrating the increasing frequency of comments relevant to environmental issues and climate change within the Concluding Observation reports from the Committee on the Rights of the Child from 2000 to 2022 before the introduction of the new General Comment No. 26. It is further established that though relevant comments occur within all rights clusters, it is the health cluster and under the general measure of implementation where these are mainly focused, with access to clean water and sanitation being the primary issue.
The Role of Judicial Powers in Guaranteeing the Right to Education: A Systematic Study of Litigation in Mexico
Authors: Zorrilla Noriega Ana María , Orozco Sofía Charvel , Cobo-Armijo Fernanda 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This article aims to analyse the role of Mexican District Courts in cases related to the education sector and, specifically, the stance courts take on guaranteeing the right to education. The study is conducted through thematic and frequency analysis of judgments available from indirect amparo trials in administrative and labour matters across the 32 judicial circuits in Mexico during 2019, 2020 and the first semester of 2021. This study arises from the need to understand, from the perspective of judicialisation, the impact that the Mexican education sector has faced in the context of approved structural reforms in recent years, the problems of quality and equality experienced, and any exacerbations provoked by the covid-19 pandemic. The article’s discussion centres on certain paradigmatic and particularly relevant cases for the protection of children’s right to education in Mexico, including the examination of both the claims presented by the claimants and the arguments developed by the adjudicating institutions.