bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ascitic fluid polymorphic nuclear cell count impacts on outcome of cirrhotic patients with ascites
Authors: Simbrunner Benedikt , Röthenbacher Annika , Haslacher Helmuth , Bauer David , Chromy David , Bucsics Theresa , Schwabl Philipp , Paternostro Rafael , Scheiner Bernhard , Trauner Michael , Mandorfer Mattias , Schwarzinger Ilse , Reiberger Thomas 
Published: April 2019

BackgroundSpontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is defined as an ascitic polymorphonuclear cell count (A‐PMN) > 250 cells/µl.ObjectiveWe aimed to investigate the prognostic value of ascitic fluid cell counts in patients without SBP.Patients and methodsA total of 178 patients were included and stratified by ascitic cell counts at index paracentesis: A‐LEUK‐low (<250/µl), A‐LEUK‐intermediate (250–500/µl) and A‐LEUK‐SBP (>500/µl) for leukocytes; A‐PMN‐low (<125/µl), A‐PMN‐intermediate (125–250/µl) and A‐PMN‐SBP (>250/µl) for PMN cells.ResultsOne‐year mortality was comparable between group A‐LEUK‐SBP (53.9%) and patients with subclinical cell counts (34.5% for A‐LEUK‐low, 43.5% for A‐LEUK‐intermediate, log‐rank p = 0.547). However, we observed an increase in one‐year mortality already in group A‐PMN‐intermediate with 75% and A‐PMN‐SBP with 80.9% (vs 40.5% for A‐PMN‐low, log‐rank p = 0.016).Importantly, increases of A‐PMN cell counts between two paracenteses were associated with increased mortality: per 100 cells/µl increase of absolute A‐PMN cell count: hazard ratio (HR): 1.03 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01–1.06), p = 0.005; per 5% increase of relative PMN cell count: HR: 1.15 (95% CI: 1.06–1.26), p = 0.001.ConclusionPatients with PMN cell counts of 125–250/µl are at high risk for mortality, which was very similar to SBP patients with PMN cell counts >250/µl. This highlights the need for preventive strategies. The prognostic value of changes in relative ascitic PMN cell counts should be evaluated in future studies.
Genetic Testing and Results in a Population-Based Cohort of Breast Cancer Patients and Ovarian Cancer Patients
Authors: Kurian Allison W. , Ward Kevin C. , Howlader Nadia , Deapen Dennis , Hamilton Ann S. , Mariotto Angela , Miller Daniel , Penberthy Lynne S. , Katz Steven J. 
Published: April 2019

PURPOSE Genetic testing for cancer risk has expanded rapidly. We examined clinical genetic testing and results among population-based patients with breast and ovarian cancer. METHODS The study included all women 20 years of age or older diagnosed with breast or ovarian cancer in California and Georgia between 2013 and 2014 and reported to the SEER registries covering the entire state populations. SEER data were linked to results from four laboratories that performed nearly all germline cancer genetic testing. Testing use and results were analyzed at the gene level. RESULTS There were 77,085 patients with breast cancer and 6,001 with ovarian cancer. Nearly one quarter of those with breast cancer (24.1%) and one third of those with ovarian cancer (30.9%) had genetic test results. Among patients with ovarian cancer, testing was lower in blacks (21.6%; 95% CI, 18.1% to 25.4%; v whites, 33.8%; 95% CI, 32.3% to 35.3%) and uninsured patients (20.8%; 95% CI, 15.5% to 26.9%; v insured patients, 35.3%; 95% CI, 33.8% to 36.9%). Prevalent pathogenic variants in patients with breast cancer were BRCA1 (3.2%), BRCA2 (3.1%), CHEK 2 (1.6%), PALB2 (1.0%), ATM (0.7%), and NBN (0.4%); in patients with ovarian cancer, prevalent pathogenic variants were BRCA1 (8.7%), BRCA2 (5.8%), CHEK2 (1.4%), BRIP1 (0.9%), MSH2 (0.8%), and ATM (0.6%). Racial/ethnic differences in pathogenic variants included BRCA1 (ovarian cancer: whites, 7.2%; 95% CI, 5.9% to 8.8%; v Hispanics, 16.1%; 95% CI, 11.8% to 21.2%) and CHEK2 (breast cancer: whites, 2.3%; 95% CI, 1.8% to 2.8%; v blacks, 0.1%; 95% CI, 0% to 0.8%). When tested for all genes that current guidelines designate as associated with their cancer type, 7.8% of patients with breast cancer and 14.5% of patients with ovarian cancer had pathogenic variants. CONCLUSION Clinically-tested patients with breast and ovarian cancer in two large, diverse states had 8% to 15% prevalence of actionable pathogenic variants. Substantial testing gaps and disparities among patients with ovarian cancer are targets for improvement.
A qualitative exploration of behavioral factors affecting mothers of malnourished children under 5 years old in Kiribati
Authors: Reiher Antje , Mohammadnezhad Masoud 
Published: April 2019

Background: In Kiribati, malnutrition is the leading cause of death for children aged less than 5 years. The purpose of this study was to explore contributing behavioral factors among mothers of malnourished children under 5 years old in Kiribati. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted in an urban area of South Tarawa among mothers of malnourished children aged less than 5 years in 11 public health centers in 2016. The study included 9 focus group discussions, with a sub sample of 3 to 4 in each group, having a total of 35 participants. Using a semi-structured questionnaire, data was collected and thematic analysis was applied to analysis the data. Results: Seven main themes were identified including; knowledge, behaviors, perceived severity, perceived benefits to action, perceived barriers and cultural related issues. These encompassed a variety of reasons which could explain the malnutrition in children of those particular mothers. Conclusion: In order to tackle malnutrition in Kiribati, it is crucial to identify the main factors that are hindering this preventable disease. This study provides information essential to enhanced decision making, health care delivery planning and has policy implications for the improvement of quality of health care in Kiribati.
Anaesthesia for total hip and knee replacement: A review of patient education materials available online
Authors: Marshall Rebecca , Pomeroy Eoghan , McKendry Catriona , Gilmartin Michael , McQuail Paula , Johnson Mark 
Published: April 2019

Background: Patients frequently consult the internet for health information. Our aim was to perform an Internet-based readability and quality control study using recognised quality scoring systems to assess the patient information available online relating to anaesthesia for total hip and knee replacement surgery. Methods: Online patient information relating to anaesthesia for total hip and knee replacement was identified using Google, Bing and Yahoo with search terms ‘hip replacement anaesthetic’, ‘knee replacement anaesthetic.’ Readability was assessed using Flesch Reading Ease (FRE), Flesch-Kincaid grade level (FKGL) and Gunning Fog Index (GFI). Quality was assessed using DISCERN instrument, Health On the Net Foundation seal, and Information Standard mark. Results: 32 websites were analysed. 25% were HONcode certified, 15.6% had the Information Standard. Mean FRE was 55.2±12.8. Mean FKGL was 8.6±1.9. Six websites (18.8%) had the recommended 6th-grade readability level. Mean of 10.4±2.6 years of formal education was required to read the websites. Websites with Information Standard were easier to read: FKGL (6.2 vs. 9, P < 0.001), GFI (8.8 vs. 10.7, P = 0.04), FRE score (64.2 vs. 9, P = 0.02). Mean DISCERN score was low: 40.3 ± 13. Conclusions: Overall, most websites were poor quality with reading levels too high for the target audience. Information Standard NHS quality mark was associated with improved readability, however along with HONcode were not found to have a statistically significant correlation with quality. Based on this study, we would encourage healthcare professionals to be judicious in the websites they recommend to patients, and to consider both the readability and quality of the information provided.
Detecting and Facing Information Demand for New Target Groups such as Start-up Founders – A Case Study at the WHU Library
Authors: Seidler-de Alwis Ragna , Grefkes Julia 
Published: April 2019

AbstractFuture oriented libraries can make use of the current start-up trend. An orientation towards new and unorthodox target groups can lead to an enhanced extension of demand and can emphasize the status of libraries. The library of the WHU – Otto Beisheim School of Management is considering to involve a new target group, start-up founders amongst their alumni. To that end, a survey was carried out and evaluated in cooperation with the Institute of Information Science at the TH Köln – University of Applied Sciences in form of a bachelor thesis, which this article is based upon. Here, a structured pre-analysis tries to determine the demand of this specific target group (founders) and develops a concept to serve the demand of this target group specifically. The example of the case study illustrates a method for target groups specific information demand and also checks the consequences for libraries and their services who venture out of their regular clientele.
NATF (Native and Tissue-Specific Fluorescence): A Strategy for Bright, Tissue-Specific GFP Labeling of Native Proteins in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: He Siwei , Cuentas-Condori Andrea , Miller David M 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
GFP labeling by genome editing can reveal the authentic location of a native protein, but is frequently hampered by weak GFP signals and broad expression across a range of tissues that may obscure cell-specific localization. To overcome these problems, we engineered a Native And Tissue-specific Fluorescence (NATF) strategy that combines genome editing and split-GFP to yield bright, cell-specific protein labeling. We use clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats CRISPR/Cas9 to insert a tandem array of seven copies of the GFP11 β-strand (gfp11x7) at the genomic locus of each target protein. The resultant gfp11x7 knock-in strain is then crossed with separate reporter lines that express the complementing split-GFP fragment (gfp1-10) in specific cell types, thus affording tissue-specific labeling of the target protein at its native level. We show that NATF reveals the otherwise undetectable intracellular location of the immunoglobulin protein OIG-1 and demarcates the receptor auxiliary protein LEV-10 at cell-specific synaptic domains in the Caenorhabditis elegans nervous system.
Quantifying factors affecting MNE's Human Resource Management: Evidence from an emerging economy and implications for HR managers
Authors: Enyinda Chris I. , Opulencia Maria Jade Catalan , Misajon Mervyn , Kalyanaran Gurumurthy 
Published: April 2019

Multinational enterprises (MNEs) conduct international business operations around the globe. For the MNEs, operating in today’s global business environment demands human resource departments to be engaged in a variety of activities, including attracting talents, training and development, relocation, repatriation, among others. To contend with the increasing number of issues and challenges in international business environment, MNEs’ must strive to improve their international HRM strategies. As organizations manage subsidiaries across different countries, the approach to human resource management functions must consider the dictate of the local environment where the subsidiary has to operate in order to survive and prosper. The researchers applied a multi-criteria decision making algorithm known as the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to model the challenges and issues that MNCs’ face as well as the factors impacting the HRM practices. The study explore the challenges by way of literature review and interview of some of the MNEs’ C-level executives.
Türkiye'de Uzlaşma Müessesi Uygulama Sonuçlarının İncelenmesi (2012-2018) (makale)
Authors: TÜLEYKAN Hayrettin , ASLAN Kürşad Efrail 
Published: April 2019

Vergi
uyuşmazlıklarını çözmede, mükellefle, vergi idaresinin karşılıklı taviz vermek
suretiyle anlaşması yöntemi olarak tanımlayabileceğimiz uzlaşma müessesesi, Türkiye’de
1963 yılından bu tarafa uygulanmaktadır. Uzlaşma müessesesi ve uygulama biçimi
hakkındaki tartışmalar devam etmektedir. İncelediğimiz
gelişmiş bazı batı ülkelerinin uzlaşma sistemlerinin hemen hepsinde uzlaşma ve
benzeri yöntemlerin geniş olarak uygulandığı ve uyuşmazlıkların çoğunun uzlaşma
ve benzeri idari yöntemlerle çözüldüğü ve yargıya az sayıda uyuşmazlığın
intikal ettiği anlaşılmaktadır.Türkiye’de
2012-2016 yılları arasındaki tarhiyat öncesi ve tarhiyat öncesi uygulama sonuçları
etraflıca analiz edilmiştir. Türkiye’de
vergi uyuşmazlıklarının az bir kısmının uzlaşma yönetimiyle çözüldüğü ve kalan çoğuna
çözüm üretilemediği gözlemlenmektedir.

Türkiye’de,
vergi uyuşmazlıklarına karşı yargı yolundan önce uzlaşmaya başvurma zorunluluğu
olmadığı, uzlaşmaya başvurmada süre kısıtlaması olduğu, vergi cezaları
bakımından uzlaşmaya başvurmada engeller bulunduğu, uzlaşma görüşmelerinde
objektif kriterler esas alınmadığı, uzlaşmada mükellefin ödeme gücü dikkate alınmadığı
gibi hususların uzlaşma müessesesinin etkinliğini azaltan unsurlar olarak öne
çıktığı görülmektedir.
Organizaciones sociales afrodescendientes en el municipio de Florencia: logros, dificultades y retos
Authors: Sánchez Castillo Verenice , Gómez Cano Carlos Alberto , Moreno González Yady Melissa 
Published: April 2019

Introducción. La organización de los Afros en el municipio de Florencia, representa la necesidad de la unión para lograr un reconocimiento y la lucha por sus derechos; si bien a juicio de los entrevistados la discriminación racial en el departamento, es poca; la necesidad de lograr una visibilización y un reconocimiento, ha hecho que tres organizaciones de Afros se hayan conformado y se sigan consolidando a través del tiempo. El interés del presente manuscrito, es precisamente poder sistematizar estas tres experiencias organizativas a partir de su historia, logros, dificultades y principales retos que enfrentan como colectivo. Metodología. El trabajo es eminentemente cualitativo, la producción de los datos se hizo a partir de instrumentos como las entrevistas y la técnica de arqueo de archivos. Resultados. Dentro de los principales hallazgos se tiene que las organizaciones existentes, son resultado de fragmentaciones internas de la primera, pero que tienen objetivos similares, las mayores dificultades que afrontan están relacionadas con los pocos ingresos para su sostenimiento y poder ayudar más a sus socios. Conclusiones. Los logros de las organizaciones afros han sido el reconocimiento por parte del Ministerio del Interior, el posicionamiento en la sociedad caqueteña y que los hayan hecho partícipes de la toma de decisiones de tipo regional. Las dificultades continúan relacionadas con los pocos recursos económicos disponibles y acceso a proyectos de inclusión socioeconómica rural y urbana, además la falta de articulación interna donde en algunas ocasiones a su juicio prima el bien particular sobre el del grupo. Las tres organizaciones objeto del estudio coincidieron
Tratamiento de la maloclusión clase III con máscara facial y hyrax híbrido, protocolo alt-ramec. Reporte de caso
Authors: Hernández-Silva Jesús Alberto , Rodríguez-Manjarrés Carolina , Martínez-Ávila José Manuel 
Published: April 2019

Introducción: La dificultad en cuanto a corrección de las discrepancias óseas que presentan las maloclusiones clase III, por la complejidad de los tratamientos existentes, lo impredecibles que son el crecimiento óseo, el desarrollo y los resultados de tratamiento para los pacientes jóvenes, sumado a las características físicas evidentes en los sujetos que las padecen, hacen que sean todo un reto a la hora de plantear planes de tratamiento exitosos para su corrección. Caso: Paciente masculino, 10 años de edad. Asiste a la clínica de ortopedia maxilar del postgrado de Odontología Pediátrica y Ortopedia Maxilar de la Escuela de Odontología de la Universidad del Valle (Cali-Colombia), para reevaluación, No refiere antecedentes familiares de anomalías esqueléticas o dentarias, clínicamente se observa un mentón prominente, Objetivo: el objetivo de este reporte de caso es evaluar el efecto del tratamiento en 1 paciente, manejado con Hyrax Hibrido, mascara de protracción, y mini- implantes para la corrección de la Maloclusión Clase III. Resultados y conclusiones: La combinación de Hyrax híbrido, máscara facial y protocolo Alt-RAMEC responde a un cambio esquelético real por la transmisión de fuerzas directamente al hueso, aboliendo los camuflajes dentoalveolares, que genera resultados satisfactorios a nivel dental, facial e incluso psicológico en pacientes con clase III esquelética
Técnica bilaminar en el tratamiento de una recesión gingival Presentación de caso
Authors: Cruz Morales Rosario , Caballero López Dunia , García Rodríguez Ileana 
Published: April 2019

Introducción: Las recesiones gingivales ocasionan problemas estéticos y aparecen por el desplazamiento del margen gingival hacia apical del límite amelocementario, dejan expuestas las superficies radiculares, aumentando la susceptibilidad a caries radicular, hiperestesia dentinal y abrasiones cervicales. Son multifactoriales y Miller las clasificó según su extensión, para determinar el grado de cobertura radicular que podría esperarse después de realizar un tratamiento quirúrgico. Propósito: Describir un caso de recesión gingival clase II de Miller localizada en el 44, donde se realizó un injerto de tejido conectivo subepitelial cubierto por un colgajo desplazado coronalmente.Materiales y método: Paciente femenina con antecedentes de salud que acudió al servicio de Periodoncia preocupada por “cambio de posición de la encía en un diente”. Se diagnosticó recesión gingival clase II de Miller localizada en el 44. Se realizó técnica bilaminar de injerto de tejido conectivo subepitelial combinado con colgajo de espesor parcial desplazado coronalmente.Resultados: A los siete días se evolucionó la paciente y se retiró sutura de zona donante, mostrando buena cicatrización del área, se citó a la semana para retirar cemento quirúrgico y sutura de la zona injertada, observando discretos signos de inflamación y cobertura radicular completa del 44. El examen al mes, a los tres y seis meses, evidenció: tejido gingival libre de inflamación, recesión gingival del 44 completamente cubierta, ganancia de encía insertada y armonía de color entre sitio injertado y área adyacente.Conclusiones: la técnica aplicada mostró resultados favorables respecto a cobertura radicular, aumento de la cantidad de encía queratinizada y buen aspecto estético.
Comparative Overview of Functional and Motor Preparedness of First- and Second-Year College Students
Authors: Barylko M. G. 
Published: April 2019

The study objective is to determine the possibility of recognizing the state of functional and motor preparedness of first- and second-year male college students, using multidimensional statistical methods.
Materials and methods. The study involved first-year (n = 10) and second-year (n = 10) male students of Novomoskovsk College of Dnipro State Agrarian and Economic University. To achieve the objective set, the study relied on the following research methods: analysis of scientific and methodological literature, pedagogical testing, and methods of mathematical statistics for processing research results.
Results. For practical application of discriminant analysis results, unstandardized canonical discriminant function coefficients are used. The probability of a case belonging to the predicted group is calculated based on substitution of values of variables for the corresponding case into the discriminant function. A comparison of the obtained results with centroid values makes it possible to determine the group the result belongs to.
Conclusions. Discriminant function structure coefficients are most closely related to variables that characterize functional preparedness (No. 3, 4, 5 “Serkin’s test”), coordination and strength preparedness (No. 15 “Evaluation of perception of motion strength parameters, 1/3”, No. 8 “Arms’ bending and straightening in a hanging position”, 9 “Bent-arm hang”, 10 “Standing long jump”). The division of boys into groups by functional and motor preparedness is carried out on the basis of unstandardized coefficients.
Motor Abilities: Peculiarities of Strength Effort Assessment in Boys Aged 11–13
Authors: Ivashchenko O. V. , Nosko M. O. , Cieślicka M. , Malyshev D. A. 
Published: April 2019

The purpose of the study is to determine the peculiarities of strength effort assessment in boys aged 11–13.
Materials and methods. The study participants were boys aged 11 years (n = 22), 12 years (n = 31), 13 years (n = 33). The children and their parents were fully informed about all the features of the study and gave their consent to participate in the experiment. The paper used methods of scientific literature analysis, testing, methods of mathematical statistics. The study assessed the right hand effort at 1/3, 1/2, 2/3 of the maximum. The assessment error was analyzed. To determine the peculiarities of strength effort assessment, the study used a t-test for paired observations and a t-test for independent samples.
Results. The analysis of the ability for strength effort assessment in the boys aged 11 and 13 showed that there are no statistically significant differences between the boys of this age. The boys demonstrate the best assessment of effort at 2/3 of the maximum. There are no statistically significant differences in the levels of development of the hand maximum strength (p > 0.05). The study has not found statistically significant differences in the levels of development of the ability for strength effort assessment in the boys aged 11–13 (p > 0.05). The boys of this age demonstrate the best assessment of effort at 2/3 of the maximum. A comparative analysis of the ability for strength effort assessment in the boys aged 12 and 13 did not reveal statistically significant differences (p > 0.05). The boys of this age demonstrate the best assessment of effort at 2/3 of the maximum. The boys aged 11–13 show the best assessment of effort reproduction at 2/3 of the maximum (p < 0.05). There is no statistically significant age-related dynamics in strength effort assessment in the boys aged 11–13. The correlation between the effort reproductions at 1/3, 1/2 and 2/3 of the maximum is not statistically significant.
Conclusions. In the process of physical education of boys aged 11–13, special attention should be paid to the development of motor control ability as the component of coordination training of schoolchildren.
Социальные практики набора в российских вузах
Authors: Урбан Ольга Андреевна 
Published: April 2019

Цитирование: Урбан О.А. (2019) Социальные практики набора в российских вузах // Мир России. Т. 28. № 2. С. 125–147. DOI: 10.17323/1811-038X-2019-28-2-125-147
соответствии с задачами модернизации системы высшего образования сформирована сеть университетов с особым статусом и дополнительной финансовой поддержкой (федеральные, национальные исследовательские и опорные), являющиеся центрами притяжения для молодежи из разных регионов Российской Федерации. Актуальной проблемой становится изучение социальных практик, посредством которых вузы, не имеющие особого статуса, привлекают к поступлению абитуриентов, и насколько эти практикиобеспечивают качественный набор абитуриентов, от которого во многом зависит формирование кадрового потенциала экономики и социальной сферы региона. Методологией исследования выбрана разработанная Т.И. Заславской концепция социальных практик.В статье на основе данных монографического исследования (case study) проводится анализ социальных практик набора и зачисления абитуриентов в российские вузы, целью которых является, с одной стороны, выполнение плановых цифр приема, с другой, соблюдение нормативных требований к эффективным вузам. Исследование показало инсти-туализацию практик, которые обеспечивают выживаемость вуза в текущем периоде, но в то же время порождают системные риски для вуза и потребителя в долгосрочнойперспективе. Обосновывается вывод, что данные практики являются неэффективным институтом. В статье предложена система мер, способствующих преодолению негативных последствий возникших практик и их трансформации в соответствии с целямирегиональной системы высшего образования.