bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Competitiveness Through the Integration of Logistics Activities in SMEs
Authors: Omoruyi Osayuwamen 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Logistics among competing organisations is a strategic management activity that can affect the operational, market and financial performance of an organisation. Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) need to understand the role of logistics activities in achieving competitive performance and creating a high level of customer satisfaction through greater economies of scale in production and reduction in the price of goods. This study aims to determine the nature and extent of SMEs competitiveness through logistics activities. This research used a quantitative method of data collection and analysis. The data were statistically analysed using SPSS (25.0) as well as SMART-PLS (3.0) software for structural equation modelling (SEM) to assess the measurement reliability and the research structural model. The findings show that SMEs nature and extent of competitiveness based on logistics activities differs among the three measurement constructs, namely price/cost competitiveness, quality competitiveness and delivery competitiveness. This study adds value to the knowledge of the perceived benefits and importance of logistics activities among the participating SMEs.
Rényi Entropy and Rényi Divergence in the Intuitionistic Fuzzy Case
Authors: Riečan Beloslav , Markechová Dagmar 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Our objective in this paper is to define and study the Rényi entropy and the Rényi divergence in the intuitionistic fuzzy case. We define the Rényi entropy of order of intuitionistic fuzzy experiments (which are modeled by IF-partitions) and its conditional version and we examine their properties. It is shown that the suggested concepts are consistent, in the case of the limit of q going to 1, with the Shannon entropy of IF-partitions. In addition, we introduce and study the concept of Rényi divergence in the intuitionistic fuzzy case. Specifically, relationships between the Rényi divergence and Kullback-Leibler divergence and between the Rényi divergence and the Rényi entropy in the intuitionistic fuzzy case are studied. The results are illustrated with several numerical examples.
SUATU TELAAH LESBIAN, GAY, BISEKSUAL, TRANSGENDER (LGBT) DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM POSITIF
Authors: Galih Yuliana Surya 
Published: March 2019

Kasus yang menimpa selebritis kondang SJ, menambah daftar panjang, kasus kekerasan seksual terhadap anak. Kasus SJ yang melakukan kekerasan anak terhadap DS yang merupakan anak lak-laki, telah mengusik semua orang untuk lebih mewaspadai kaum LGBT. LGBT sebagai bentuk penyimpangan seksual, penyimpangan perilaku dan penampilan yang tidak sesuai dengan gendernya, telah melakukan ekspansi terhadap masyarakat yang tantan social normal, termasuk pula telah menimbulkan korban terhadap anak-anak. Apabila perilaku seks menyimpang yang dilakukan oleh kaum LGBT telah menimbulkan korban khususnya anak-anak, adalah merupakan tindak pidana, yang ketentuan pidananya selain diatur didalam KUHP, juga apabila korbannya adalah anak-anak maka berlaku ketentuan yang diatur didalam Undang-undang No. 23 tahun 2002 tentang Perlindungan Anak sebagaimana yang telah diubah dan ditambah dengan Undang-undang No. 35 tahun 2014 tentang Perubahan atas Undang-undang No. 23 tahun 2002 tentang Perlindungan Anak. Transgender adalah bentuk penyimpangan perilaku dan penampilan yang tidak sesuai dengan gendernya. Terhadap transgender ini, Undang-undang No. 23 tahun 2006 memberikan ruang hukum untuk melakukan perubahan kelamin dengan mengajukan permohonan penetapan ke Pengadilan Negeri.
SKEMA ALTERNATIF PENYALURAN KREDIT USAHA RAKYAT BAGI PELAKU UMKM DENGAN PERAN PEMERINTAH DAERAH SEBAGAI AVALIS
Authors: Wardhana Mahendra 
Published: March 2019

Salah satu problema klasik bagi pelaku Usaha Mikro, Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) dalam menjalankan usahanya adalah modal. Pembiayaan atau pemberian modal dalam bentuk kredit yang dilakukan oleh Lembaga Keuangan, dalam hal ini Bank, tentu saja dapat diberikan dengan tetap memperhatikan prinsip kehati-hatian. Bank sebagai lembaga keuangan dalam menjalankan prinsip kehati-hatian tentu saja tetap memerlukan collateral (jaminan) yang merupakan salah satu bagian dalam prinsip 5 C (five C’s Principle’s), selain character, capital, capacity, condition of economic.Bagi pelaku UMKM yang sedang merintis usahanya tentu saja persyaratan adanya jaminan untuk mendapatkan modal dirasa sangat memberatkan. Umumnya jaminan yang diminta oleh bank untuk memberikan kredit dapat berupa barang bergerak maupun tidak bergerak, namun dalam hal ini tentu saja tidak semua pelaku UMKM memiliki jaminan yang dipersyaratkan tersebut.Kesulitan persyaratan tentang jaminan bagi pelaku UMKM dalam mendapatkan modal seharusnya menjadi perhatian bagi Pemerintah Daerah khususnya Dinas Koperasi dan UMKM sebagai instansi yang menaungi dan membina pelaku dan UMKM untuk mengantisipasi kesulitan tersebut. Pemerintah Daerah dalam hal ini dapat menjadi avalis (penjamin) untuk kredit yang diajukan oleh para pelaku UMKM tersebut dengan mengadakan perjanjian kerjasama pembiayaan kredit bagi pelaku UMKM dengan bank-bank yang telah ditunjuk oleh Pemerintah Pusat untuk menyalurkan kredit Usaha Rakyat. Kata kunci : Modal, Avalis, Perjanjian Kredit, UMKM
UNSUR-UNSUR PENIPUAN DALAM PASAL 378 KUHP DIKAITKAN DENGAN JUAL BELI TANAH
Authors: Mulyadi Dudung 
Published: March 2019

Tanah memiliki peranan penting bagi kehidupan manusia. Kebutuhan akan tanah oleh masyarakat semakin meningkat dilihat dengan adanya kemajuan ekonomi, banyak masyarakat yang tersangkut dalam kegiatan ekonomi seperti bertambah banyak jual beli, sewa-menyewa, pemberian kredit dan lain-lain. Hal tersebut membuat tanah memiliki nilai ekonomis yang tinggi. Sehingga masyarakat semaksimal mungkin untuk memiliki dan menguasai tanah untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidup dan kelangsungan hidup generasi berikutnya. Salah satu hak penguasaan atas tanah yang dapat dimiliki oleh masyarakat yaitu hak milik.Tindak pidana penipuan secara umum (bedrog) adalah tindak-tindak pidana yang di atur dalam bab XXV KUHP yang terentang antara Pasal 378-395.Bahwa unsur-unsur penipuan dalam dengan jual beli tanah terdapat dalam Pasal 378 KUHP. Bagi siapa saja yang melakukan jual beli dengan adanya tipu muslihat maka akan di kenakan pidana sesuai dengan ketentuan dalam KUHP. Tindak pidana yang diatur dalam bab XXV KUHP tersebut, mempunyai banyak sekali bentuk, diantaranya : penipuan pokok, penipuan ringan, penipuan dalam jual beli, penipuan menyingkirkan batas halaman, dan lain-lain. Dari setiap bentuk-bentuk penipuan tersebut, mempunyai unsur-unsur yang berbeda-beda. Kata Kunci : Jual Beli; Tanah.
PELIBATAN ANAK DI DALAM KAMPANYE POLITIK PADA PEMILIHAN BUPATI DAN WAKIL BUPATI PERIODE 2019-2024 DI KABUPATEN CIAMIS
Authors: Farida Ida , Dewi Vera Fillinda Agustiana 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRAKMasa kampanye Pilkada serentak tahun 2018 yang dilaksanakan di 171 daerah di Indonesia sudah dilaksanakan. Pesta demokrasi lima tahunan ini sudah pasti melibatkan partisipasi publik, tak terkecuali pihak yang rentan disalahgunakan untuk kegiatan politik yakni anak-anak. Walaupun Pasal 15 butir (a) Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 35 Tahun 2014 Tentang Perubahan Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 23 Tahun 2002 Tentang Perlindungan Anak menegaskan larangan mengenai penyalahgunaan anak untuk aktivitas politik, namun dalam pelaksanaannya masih saja tetap ada pelibatan anak dalam kegiatan kampanye tersebut.Sebagai sarana pelaksanaan kedaulatan rakyat, pemilihan umum pasca perubahan Undang-Undang Dasar Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945 mengalami perkembangan yang amat pesat. Hal itu ditandai dengan tingginya tingkat kebutuhan akan aturan pemilu dan banyaknya jenis pemilu yang mesti dilaksanakan dalam satu periode pemerintahan. Hanya saja, perkembangan tersebut juga membawa dampak terhadap munculnya kompleksitas. Setidaknya, perkembangan dunia pemilu Indonesia diwarnai dengan kerawanan disharmoni dan ketidakpastian aturan, ketegangan antar institusi yang terlibat dalam penyelenggaraan, dan ketidakpastian proses penegakan hukum dan penyelesaian sengketa pemilu.Pelibatan anak di dalam kampanye politik merupakan pelanggaran terhadap hak-hak anak sesuai dengan Pasal 15 butir (a) Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 23 Tahun 2002 Tentang Perlindungan Anak yang meyatakan bahwa setiap anak berhak memperoleh perlindungan dari penyalahgunaan dalam kegiatan politik. Ini artinya undang-undang sudah sekaligus mengatur larangan pelibatan anak dalam kampanye politik apapun bentuknya. Untuk menghindari pelibatan anak dalam kampanye dan politik praktis, sudah seharusnya dilakukan suatu kampanye jauh-jauh harus sebelum waktu kampanye tiba, dengan target dan sasaran keluarga untuk tidak mengijinkan atau mengajak anak-anak dalam kampanye pemilu. Diharapkan proses demokrasi ini bisa memberikan contoh-contoh baik berdemokrasi termasuk dalam kampanye yang ramah bagi anak, sehingga anak bisa terjaga tumbuh dan kembangnya dengan baik. Kata kunci : Pelibatan, Anak, Kampanye.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM BAGI ANAK KORBAN PERKOSAAN DALAM PERADILAN ANAK
Authors: Mulyadi Dudung 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRAKPenelitian menunjukkan bahwa anak dibawah umur yang termasuk golongan lemah fisik, mental, dan sosial sangat rentan untuk menjadi korban kejahatan perkosaan. Pasal 287 KUHP belum sepenuhnya melindungi hak-hak anak yang menjadi korban perkosaan, dikarenakan ancaman sanksi pidana pada pasal ini masih sangat ringan sehingga menyebabkan pelaku perkosaan hanya dihukum ringan bahkan bebas dari hukuman. Lahirnya pasal 81 (2) Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 35 Tahun 2014 Tentang Perubahan Atas Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2002 Tentang Perlindungan Anak memberikan harapan yang lebih menjanjikan bagi anak yang menjadi korban perkosaan untuk mendapatkan perlindungan. Pasal ini telah memiliki ancaman sanksi pidana yang cukup berat dan menggunakan batas minimal sehingga pelaku tidak dapat bebas dari tuntutan. Hanya saja dalam Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 35 Tahun 2014 Tentang Perubahan Atas Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2002 Tentang Perlindungan Anak, belum terdapat hukuman secara kumulatif bilamana pelaku perkosaan telah melakukan beberapa kali perkosaan terhadap anak-anak. Perlindungan anak yang menjadi korban perkosaan adalah tanggung jawab bersama antara keluarga, masyarakat dan pemerintah. Anak menjadi korban perkosaan perlu mendapatkan perlindungan hukum dalam rangka mengembangkan kebenaran, keadilan dan kesejahteraan.Kata Kunci : Perlindungan Hukum, Anak Korban Perkosaan.
TINDAK PIDANA PERKOSAAN DALAM TINJAUAN HUKUM PIDANA INDONESIA
Authors: Setiawan Iwan 
Published: March 2019

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis secara mendalam tentang tindak pidana perkosaan dalam tinjauan hukum pidana Indonesia. Pengaturan tentang tindak Pidana Perkosaan terdapat dalam Pasal 285 KUHP yang memiliki unsur-unsur yang harus dipenuhi, salah satunya adalah tidak adanya kekerasan. Setiap unsur kekerasan adalah elemen yang membedakan kejahatan perkosaan dengan moralitas lain yang ditetapkan dalam KUHP. Kata Kunci: Tindak Pidana Perkosaan, Hukum Pidana Indonesia
The Comparative Effects of Upper Thoracic Spine Thrust Manipulation Techniques in Individuals With Subacromial Pain Syndrome: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Grimes Jason K. , Puentedura Emilio J. , Cheng M. Samuel , Seitz Amee L. 
Published: March 2019

Background Subacromial pain syndrome (SPS) accounts for as much as 44% of shoulder pain encountered by physical therapists. Thoracic spine thrust manipulation (TSTM) is effective in the short term for improving pain and function in individuals with SPS, but its mechanisms remain elusive. Furthermore, it is unknown whether individuals with SPS respond differently based on the TSTM technique received. Objectives To compare the immediate effects of a supine TSTM, seated TSTM, and sham manipulation on the primary outcomes of self-reported pain, function, and satisfaction and secondary biomechanical impairments examined in individuals with SPS. Methods Participants in this randomized clinical trial were randomized to receive a seated TSTM (n = 20), supine TSTM (n = 20), or sham manipulation (n = 20). The primary outcomes of self-reported pain, function, and satisfaction were measured via the Penn Shoulder Score. Secondary outcomes were changes in scapular upward rotation and posterior tilt; peak force generated in tests for the middle trapezius, lower trapezius, and serratus anterior; and pectoralis minor muscle length. Impairment measures were immediately reassessed, and the Penn Shoulder Score was reassessed after 48 hours. Results There were no significant between-group differences in immediate or short-term follow-up outcomes. Conclusion Two TSTM techniques resulted in no differences in pain, satisfaction, and function when compared to a sham manipulation. Thoracic spine thrust manipulation did not have an immediate effect on the scapular impairments examined. Level of Evidence Therapy, level 1. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2019;49(10):716–724. Epub 12 Mar 2019. doi:10.2519/jospt.2019.8484
CAREER MANAGEMENT IN MEDICAL ORGANIZATIONS
Authors: Reshetnikov Vladimir A. , Korshever Natan G. , Dorovskaya Anastasiya I. , Yakushina Irina I. 
Published: March 2019

The aimof this work was to determine the specific characteristics of the career of a physician in medical organizations, as well as to develop organizational and methodological tools for monitoring its success and improving its management.Materials and methods.A retrospective anonymous survey and expert interviews were carried out among administrative medical staff. The state of career management in the field was analyzed, along with the availability of relevant documents in medical organizations.Results.The distinctive characteristics of the career of a physician (goals, principles, predictors of career advancement, types, basic models) have been established. The effectiveness of professional training, differentiated by functions, for managers in medical organizations has been shown. The possibility of changing the duration of modules included into the curriculum of study is substantiated. Evaluation tools have been developed to monitor and facilitate the carrer management of physicians.Conclusions.The results of this study enhance the current understanding of the career of a physician in medical organizations and its management. In addition, a number of applied issues accociated with career management improvement in medical organization can be solved.Conflict of interest: the authors declare no conflict of interest.
EFFECT OF THE FUNCTIONAL CONDITION ON THE FREQUENCY OF INTRAOPERATIVE CRITICAL INCIDENTS IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE COLONIC OBSTRUCTION
Authors: Stakanov Andrei V. , Musaeva Tat’yana S. , Golubtsov Vladislav V. , Muronov Aleksei E. 
Published: March 2019

The aimof this study was to identify the distinctive features of the course of anesthesia and the structure of critical incidents (CI) in patients with various functional states (FS) during surgical interventions aimed at eliminating acute colonic obstruction.Materials and methods. 146 patients having undergone emergency surgical interventions aimed at eliminating acute colonic obstruction were examined. On the basis of the constant potential (CP) value, 3 groups were identified. Group 1 (n=66) was characterized by the CP value of -30 mV and below (FS subcompensation). Group 2 (n=44) included patients with the average negative CP values from -15 to -29.9 mV (FS compensation). Group 3 (n=36) comprised patients with the low negative and positive CP values of -14.9 mV and above (FS decompensation). The connection of FS with the frequency of the CI development was studied. The recorded CI included hemodynamic: hypotension — hypertension — bradycardia — arrhythmia — tachycardia; respiratory: hypoxemia — hypercapnia — the need for a prolonged mechanical ventilation of lungs in the postoperative period; metabolic: hypothermia — retarded recovery of the neuromuscular conductivity — delayed postoperative awakening.Results. CI occurrence is found to be different in patients with different FS. Hemodynamic CIs were noted in all the studied groups; however, their proportion in patients with high and low negative and positive CP values was significantly higher. Their formation was accompanied by violations of the adequate course of anesthesia, namely, the hypokinetic state of the blood circulation and aerobic metabolism. In addition, this group showed an increase in the frequency of a slow recovery of the neuromuscular conduction and delayed postoperative awakening.Conclusion.The most adequate course of anesthesia has been observed in patients with moderate negative CP values.Conflict of interest: the authors declare no conflict of interest
FAMILIAL HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA: DIAGNOSTIC ISSUES AND THERAPEUTIC POSSIBILITIES
Authors: Zafiraki Vitalii K. , Namitokov Alim M. , Kosmacheva Elena D. 
Published: March 2019

Familial hypercholesterolemia (FHC) is a common monogenic disease that occurs with a frequency of ~1:250 and is characterised by a high content of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in the blood. This disease leads to the early development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ACVD). Although the screening and diagnostics issues concerned with FHC are well developed and the modern lipid-lowering therapy can significantly improve the prognosis, the detectability of this disease remains extremely low. In recent years, the concept of FHC has undergone significant changes under the influence of large epidemiological studies, including verification of the FHC diagnosis using genetic tests. The article is aimed at discussing the clinical manifestations of FHC, as well as modern medical and extracorporal approaches to its treatment.Conclusion.Until the advent of modern lipid-lowering drugs, FHC had remained to be a disease with a poor prognosis due to early ACVD and the associated premature death. Today, the diseases is amenable to successful treatment, which, though not eliminating the genetic defect, allows almost the same life duration as in the general population to be achieved. However, all the possibilities of modern approaches to the treatment of this serious disease can be realized provided that a state-level screening program for such patients has been implemented.Conflict of interest: the authors declare no conflict of interest.
CONTEMPORARY VIEW OF RETINAL VEIN THROMBOSES
Authors: Kabardina Ekaterina V. , Shurygina Irina P. 
Published: March 2019

The aimof this work was to elucidate the modern concept of retinal vein thrombosis.In the literature review, the retinal vein thrombosis is considered as a disease with a variety of clinical forms, course types, complications and frequently an unfavourable prognosis in terms of the preservation of visual functions. There is a clear connection between eye vascular pathologies, somatic diseases and cerebrovascular pathologies.Conclusion.The analysis of scientific sources has shown that many aspects of retinal ischemia are yet to be understood. Of particular importance is the development of effective treatment and rehabilitation schemes, including drugs for intravitreal use.Conflict of interest: the authors declare no conflict of interest.
PREVALENCE OF EARLY CERVICAL OSTEOCHONDROSIS IN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS AND ITS EFFECT ON THE ADAPTIVE CAPABILITIES OF THE ORGANISM
Authors: Alekseenko Sergei N. , Kostylev Aleksandr N. , Bondina Viktoriya M. , Pil’shchikova Valentina V. , Gubareva Diana A. , Kostyleva Sofiya A. 
Published: March 2019

The aim is to investigate the adaptive capabilities of the organism during university study on the basis of the analysis of functional changes in central hemodynamics in university students suffering from early cervical osteochondrosis,Materials and methods. The students selected for the research were divided into groups depending on the severity of radiographic changes in the cervical spine. Group I (n=28) included students with a distortion of spinal statics. The second group (n=36) was represented by students with degenerative-dystrophic processes. Group III (n=17) combined students with radiologically significant changes. For research purposes, a comparison group of practically healthy students was recruited (group IV, n=30). The adaptive potential (AP) was calculated using the R.M. Baevsky method in scores: less than 2.1 — satisfactory adaptation; 2.11–3.2 — stressed adaptation mechanisms.Results. Male students in the first group are found to manifest mild clinical symptoms of cervical osteochondrosis (ceased within a short period of time), compared to female respondents, who in 23.5% of the cases reported moderately expressed complaints for a prolonged period time. Female students in the groups II and III, manifested the clinico-neurological symptoms of cervical osteochondrosis in 60.9% and 100%, respectively. In the group III students, radiologically significant changes in the cervical spine were accompanied by moderately severe complaints in 75% of cases, with 25% of the students reporting minor complaints. Thus, the differences in cardiohemodynamics are found to correspond to the obtained data on AP, where the greatest stress of adaptation mechanisms was found in students comprising groups I and II.Conclusion. The present study has allowed us to identify one of the reasons affecting the adaptive capabilities of the organism and, as a result, successful learning and the quality of life of young students. For the prevention of psychosomatic disorders (against the background of circulatory disorders in the vertebrobasilar basin) in the presence of early cervical osteochondrosis, Х-ray examination should be performed.Conflict of interest: the authors declare no conflict of interest.
PREVALENCE OF EARLY CERVICAL OSTEOCHONDROSIS RISK ASSESSMENT SCALE OF THE NEUROLOGICAL COMPLICATIONS OF SURGICAL TREATMENT IN PATIENTS WITH THE POST-TRAUMATIC DEFORMATIONS OF THE THORACIC AND LUMBAR SPINE
Authors: Afaunov Asker A. , Kuz’menko Aleksandr V. , Basankin Igor’ V. , Ageev Mikhail Yu. 
Published: March 2019

The aimis to develop and propose a scale for assessing the risk of neurological complications as a result of surgical treatment in patients with the post-traumatic deformations of the thoracic and lumbar spine.Materials and methods.An analysis of the treatment of 124 patients (70 men and 54 women) aged 18–54 with post-traumatic deformations of the thoracic and lumbar spine was carried out. The patients were operated during the 2003–2017 period. Repeated surgeries were performed after the period from 6 months to 14 years after injury. In 63 cases, spinal deformation was the result of unsuccessful surgical treatment, while 61 cases were due to diagnostic errors and/or inadequate conservative treatment.Results.The analysis of the clinical data identified factors affecting the manifestation of neurological complications, as well as 46 assessment options for risk gradation.Conclusion.The proposed scale can be used for a rapid assessment of the risk of neurological complications of surgical treatment of patients with the post-traumatic deformations of the thoracic and lumbar spine.'Conflict of interest: the authors declare no conflict of interest.