bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Egy diagnosztikus kihívás: paraduodenalis pancreatitis. Két eset bemutatása
Authors: Hegedűs Ivett , Bogner Barna , Faluhelyi Nándor , Macygan András , Illés Anita , Kelemen Dezső 
Published: May 2019

Abstract: The paraduodenal, or groove pancreatitis is a lesser-known type of chronic pancreatitis, often mimicking malignancy, hence resulting in serious differential diagnostic challenges. Herein we report two cases of this entity. Both required analysis of the surgical specimen in order to ensure the diagnosis due to inadequate preoperative histological sampling and a vague clinical presentation. In the first case, strong suspicion of malignancy following imaging, while in the second, severe gastric outlet stenosis indicated the resection. In our report, we give a clinicopathological summary from the literature of this entity, including its epidemiology, clinical presentation and applicable diagnostic methods as well as macroscopic and microscopic pathomorphology. The pathogenesis of this disease is complex. Beside the role of alcohol, anatomic variations of the pancreatic ductal system, pancreatic islets in duodenal wall resulting from incomplete involution of dorsal pancreas, or Brunner gland hyperplasia (often observed as part of the lesion) can all play a role in the disturbance of pancreatic fluid discharge in the minor papilla area, eventually leading to this specific localised inflammation. In addition, recent investigations revealed a susceptible role of genetic polymorphism in the persistent inflammatory disorders of the pancreas. Besides summarizing the differential diagnostic aspects, we also discuss therapeutic possibilities, underlining the conservative methods, which can be used with good efficacy after a successful identification of this entity. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(22): 873–879.
Hepatitis C-vírus-fertőzés és hepatocarcinogenesis
Authors: Berta Evelin , Egresi Anna , Bacsárdi Anna , Gáspár Zsófia , Lengyel Gabriella , Hagymási Krisztina 
Published: May 2019

Abstract: Hepatitis C virus infection causes approximately 4 million new infections worldwide, and 399 000 deaths due to its complications, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Microenvironmental changes, chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress caused by HCV infection, via genetic and epigenetic changes can result in primary liver cancer during decades. The direct oncogenic property of HCV is wellknown. The transforming effect of four HCV proteins (core, NS3, NS4B, NS5A) has been proven. Effective antiviral therapy, sustained viral response decreases the HCV-related general and liver-related mortality. Interferon-based therapy reduces the risk of HCC development. Shorter therapy with direct acting antiviral agents (DAA) has higher efficacy, fewer side-effects. Publications have reported the unexpected effects of DAA. The authors review the articles focusing on the occurrence of HCC in connection with DAA therapies. There is a need for prospective, multicentric studies with longer follow-up to examine the risk of HCC formation. After antiviral therapy, HCC surveillance is of high importance which means abdominal ultrasound every 3–6–12 months in sustained viral response patients as well. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(22): 846–853.
Nemszteroid gyulladáscsökkentő szerek a mozgásszervi fájdalom csillapításában
Authors: Sütő Gábor 
Published: May 2019

Abstract: Pain control in musculoskeletal disorders is still a challenging task. The most effective treatment of pain in autoimmune and immune-mediated diseases is the treatment of the disease itself. Analgesics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and opioids are used to relieve pain. Analgesia is the central intervention of degenerative disorders. The most effective analgesic compounds are the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Concerns are raised regarding the safety of NSAIDs. There is not any organ which is not involved in adverse reactions, but the damage of the gastrointestinal system has been considered the most serious one for a long time. In the 21st century, the recognition of cardiovascular complications led to the re-evaluation of the role of these drugs in analgesia. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(22): 855–860.
Envisioning Possibilities for Innovations in Higher Education Research on Race and Ethnicity
Authors: Stewart D-L 
Published: May 2019

This article uses the Sankofa principle of going back and getting that which can enable a community to imagine new possibilities. In this article, four waves of current research in race and ethnicity in higher education are offered, as well as some lessons learned from them. These considerations provide the backdrop for imagining how a fifth wave may be ontologically and epistemologically oriented, what themes it might take up, and its possible implications.
The Romanian Version of the Revised Youth Purpose Survey (RYPS): Psychometric Evaluation for Emerging Adults
Authors: Balgiu Beatrice Adriana 
Published: May 2019

The present article looks into the psychometric properties of the Revised Youth Purpose Survey
(RYPS) in the case of a group of Romanian students emerging adults (N = 500). RYPS is a ten‐item
scale made of two sub‐scales which measure Purpose Exploration (4 items) and Purpose
Commitment (6 items). Confirmatory factorial analysis indicated an adequate fit of a two‐factor
model (GFI = .96; AGFI = .94; RMSEA = .057). This structure was confirmed and it was invariant for
gender. Cronbachʹs alpha coefficients show good internal consistency: .87 (Purpose Exploration
subscale) and .77 (Purpose Commitment subscale). The correlations of both scales of RYPS with
validation measures of psychological and subjective well‐being and of identity orientations were
positive, indicating good convergent validity. The study validated the conceptual vision of the
authors of the instruments in a previously unstudied cultural context.
Effects of Tacrolimus on Endothelin-1, Melatonin and Heat Shock Protein Levels in Experimental Brain Ischemia
Authors: GÜLER Özlem , YILDIZ Mustafa , BOZDEMİR Mehmet Nuri , KAVAKLI Ahmet , DAĞLI Adile Ferda , ÜSTÜNDAĞ Bilal 
Published: May 2019

Objective: We aimed to
investigate the effects of tacrolimus on plasma endothelin-1, melatonin and
brain Hsp-70 levels in experimental ischemic stroke in this study.Material and Methods:
Twenty-one male Wistar-Albino rats randomly divided into three groups which
included seven rats. Animals in group 2 and group 3 were anesthetized and
bilateral common carotid arteries were clamped with aneurysm clips for 10
minutes. Animals in group 1 were not clamped and were not given any treatment.
Rats in group 2 were received 1 ml saline and in group 3 were received 1 mg/kg
tacrolimus intraperitoneally. Injections were applied 1st hour before ischemia
and at 6th, 24th, 48th and 72nd hours post ischemia. All the animals were
decapitated on the 4th day and plasmas were obtained and brains were excised.
Plasma endothelin-1 and melatonin levels were measured. Brain Hsp-70
immunostaining and neuron cell death were scored semiquantitatively.Results: The plasma
endothelin-1 levels in group 3 were higher than group 2 and group 1, but were
similar in group 1 and group 2. In group
1 plasma melatonin levels were lesser than group 2 and group 3. In group 2
plasma melatonin levels were higher than group 3. The mean neuron death in
group 3 was lesser than in group 2. The mean Hsp-70 immunostaining intensity in
group 2 was greater than group 3 and group 1. In group 1 the mean Hsp-70
immünostaining intensity was lesser than group 3.

Conclusions: Tacrolimus administration
in ischemic stroke reduces plasma melatonin and brain Hsp-70 levels and increases
plasma endothelin-1 levels and has neuroprotective effect.
Pemanfaatan Bentonit sebagai Penyerap Air pada Proses Transesterifikasi Minyak Jelantah Menjadi Biodiesel
Authors: Yulanda Andesta , Wahyuni Lisna , Safitri Rahmi , Bakar Abu , Supardan Muhammad Dani 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRAK. Transesterifikasi merupakan salah satu proses dalam pembuatan biodiesel. Metode transesterifikasi secara konvesional tanpa penambahan adsorben memiliki kekurangan pada rendemen dan mutu biodiesel sehingga dikembangkan metode transesterifikasi menggunakan adsorben secara simultan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk pemanfaatan bentonit sebagai penyerap air untuk meningkatkan rendemen biodiesel pada proses transesterifikasi minyak jelantah. Pertama dilakukan pengecilan ukuran bentonit menjadi 100 hingga 120 mesh dan dilanjutkan dengan aktivasi bentonit menggunakan asam sulfat 98% pada suhu 80oC. Hasil analisis Scanning Electron Microscope menunjukkan bentonit aktivasi memiliki permukaan yang lebih halus dan bersih dibandingkan dengan bentonit tanpa aktivasi. Selanjutnya, bentonit digunakan pada proses transesterifikasi minyak jelantah dengan variasi massa adsorben (1, 2, 3 dan 4 %-berat minyak) dan kadar air minyak jelantah (2, 3, 5 dan 6 %-berat minyak). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan bentonit teraktivasi menghasilkan rendemen yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan bentonit tanpa aktivasi dan proses tanpa menggunakan bentonit. Hasil penelitian terbaik diperoleh pada massa adsorben 3% dan kadar air 2% yaitu rendemen biodiesel sebesar 81%, massa jenis 865 kg/m3, viskositas 2,90 mm2/s, angka asam 0,1675 mg KOH/gram dan kadar air 0,70%.ABSTRACT.Transesterification is one of process in production of biodiesel. Conventional transterification method without adding adsorbent has deficiency in the yield and quality of biodiesel, therefore transesterification using adsorbent simultaneously is developed. The purpose of this research is to utilize bentonit as the adsorbent of water to increase yield of biodiesel in the waste cooking oil transesterication process. The first step to do in this research was bentonite crushing to the size of 100 to 120 mesh and then bentonite activation using sulfuric acid 98% at 80 oC. The result of SEM analysis showed that activated bentonite surface was smoother and more clean than bentonite without activation. Bentonite is used to transesterification process by varying mass of adsorben (1, 2, 3 and 4 %-wt. of waste cooking oil) and water content (2, 3, 5 and 6 %-wt. of waste cooking oil). The result of this research showed that activated bentonite has better yield than without adsorbent and activation. The best result from this research is at adsorbent mass 3% and water content 2% with biodiesel yield 81%. The biodiesel produced have density of 865 kg/m3, viscosity of 2.90 mm2/s, acid number of 0.1675 mg KOH/gram and water content of 0.7%.
Karakteristik Mi Jagung dengan Penambahan Jenis Hidrokoloid (Guar Gum dan Xanthan Gum) pada Berbagai Konsentrasi
Authors: Lubis Yanti Meldasari , Sulaiman M. Ikhsan , Hayati Masrura 
Published: May 2019

Indonesia termasuk negara pengkonsumsi mi terbesar di dunia. Selma ini, mi diproduksi dari tepung gandum. Namun untuk mengurangi ketergantungan terhadap impor gandum, perlu dicari alternatif lain sebagai bahan baku mi. Penggunaan tepung jagung dalam pembuatan mi dapat dijadikan sebagai alternatif serta kandungan betakarotennya juga bermanfaat bagi bagi kesehatan. Tidak seperti gandum yang mengandung gluten sehingga adonan mudah dibentuk, pembuatan mi jagung pelu ditambahkan zat tambahan yang dapat menggantikan sifat gluten. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari hidrokoloid yang dapat digunakan untuk memperbaiki karakteristik mi jagung. Mi yang dihasilkan selanjutnya dianalisis kadar air, kadar abu, cooking loss,uji putus, uji hedonik. Dari hasil analisis ini didapatkan sampel terbaik yang dilanjutkan analisis kadar serat kasar, kadar protein dan kadar betakaroten. Sampel terbaik yang didapatkan dari hasil penelitian ini adalah perlakuan xanthan gum 2% dengan hasil uji putus 2.50 cm, kadar air 40.19%, kadar abu 1.05%, cooking loss 2.21%, kadar protein sebesar 3.98%, kadar serat kasar 4.16% , kadar betakaroten 12.71 mg/L dan hasil dari uji hedonic mi jagung yaitu warna 3.36 (netral), aroma 3.24 (netral), rasa 3.00 (netral) dan tekstur 2.73 (netral).Abstract: Indonesia belongs to the country with the highest consumtion of noodle in the world. Noodle is made from imported wheat flour. However, there is a need to reduce the dependency of wheat flour by finding new sources to make noodle. Corn flour can be used as alternative besides its high content of betacarotene has health benefit for the human. Different from wheat flour which is contained gluten for dough formation, production of corn noodle need to be added with additive for replacing the function of gluten. This paper aimed to study hydrocolloids usedto improve corn noodle characteristics. The result noodle is then analyzed water content, ash content, cooking loss, breaking test, hedonic test. From the results of this analysis obtained the best sample by analysis of crude fiber content, protein content and beta-carotene content. The best samples obtained from this research are xanthan gum 2% treatment with 2.50 cm breaking test, moisture content 40.19%, 1.05% ash content, 2.21% cooking loss, 3.98% protein content, 4.16% crude fiber content, beta-carotene content 12.71 mg / L and hedonic test obtained colors , aromas, flavors and textures are all neutral.
Analisis Kelayakan Finansial Agroindustri Bubuk Cincau Hitam (Mesona palustris)
Authors: Cholilie Irvan Adhin 
Published: May 2019

Potensi tanaman cincau hitam atau janggelan di Indonesia sangat prospektif. Tanaman ini banyak tumbuh di daerah Jawa Timur seperti Malang, Magetan, Ponorogo, dan Pacitan. Pada tahun 2010 hasil produksi cincau hitam kering (janggelan) sebesar 568 ton dengan produktivitas total sebesar 8,6 ton/tahun. Selain itu, tanaman ini juga dapat selalu tersedia sepanjang tahun karena bermitra dengan para petani. Aspek finansial merupakan bagian terpenting yang harus diperhatikan dalam studi kelayakan bisnis. Analisa terhadap aspek finansial dari suatu studi kelayakan proyek bertujuan untuk menentukan rencana investasi berdasarkan perhitungan biaya dan manfaat yang di harapkan. Hal ini dilakukan dengan cara membandingkan antara pengeluaran dan pendapatan, seperti ketersediaan dana, biaya modal awal, kemampuan proyek untuk membayar kembali dana tersebut dalam waktu yang telah ditentukan dan menilai apakah proyek akan dapat berkembang terus. Dari hasil perhitungan analisis finansial diperoleh bahwa pendirian pabrik bubuk cincau hitam dengan beberapa kriteria kelayakan. Hasil perhitungan menunjukkan bahwa dengan menggunakan daun cincau hitam kering dapat menghasilkan nilai B/C ratio sebesar 2,01. Dengan umur proyek selama 20 tahun, dibutuhkan total modal investasi sebesar Rp 72.641.348.806,03 dan biaya produksi pada tahun pertama sebesar Rp 25.644.493.112,79. Dari hasil perhitungan didapatkan harga pokok produksi sebesar Rp 1.043,48/sachet kemudian produk dijual dengan harga senilai Rp 2.000,- termasuk PPN 10%. Besarnya modal investasi pendirian pabrik dapat ditutupi dalam masa pengembalian selama 3 tahun 5 bulan. Total pendapatan yang diperoleh perusahaan mencapai Rp 49.152.000.000,- dengan nilai Net Present Value (NPV) sebesar Rp 124.948.645.377,15; Internal Rate of Return (IRR) sebesar 44%; dan Profitability Index sebesar 3,54. BEP dicapai pada tingkat produksi bubuk cincau hitam sebesar 849.831 sachet atau senilai Rp 1.699.661.968,36. Berdasarkan keseluruhan kriteria-kriteria kelayakan tersebut, maka unit agroindustri bubuk cincau hitam ini dapat dikatakan layak untuk direalisasikan.
Penambahan Tepung Tulang Ikan Bandeng (Chanos chanos) Sebagai Sumber Kalsium dan Fosfor Pembuatan Donat Panggang
Authors: Bakhtiar Bakhtiar , Rohaya Syarifah , Ayunda Hanif Muchdatul Ayunda 
Published: May 2019

Tepung tulang ikan bandeng memiliki kandungan kalsium dan fosfor yang tinggi dan dapat menjadi sumber alternatif untuk pemenuhan kalsium dan fosfor dalam tubuh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat penerimaan konsumen terhadap donat dengan penambahan tepung tulang ikan bandeng dan pengaruh suhu pemanggangan donat, serta menjadi sumber alternatif pemenuhan kalsium dan fosfor dalam tubuh. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) pola faktorial yang terdiri atas 2 (dua) faktor. Faktor pertama adalah penambahan tepung tulang ikan bandeng dalam adonan kue donat (T) dengan 3 taraf yaitu T1 = 5%, T2 = 7,5%, dan T3 = 10% dari berat tepung terigu. Faktor kedua adalah suhu pemanggangan (S) yang terdiri dari 2 taraf yaitu S1 = 170oC, dan S2 = 180oC. Setiap perlakuan diulang 3 (tiga) kali sehingga diperoleh 18 satuan percobaan. Rendemen tepung tulang ikan bandeng yang diperoleh dari proses penepungan yaitu 57,1% dengan nilai kadar kalsium sebesar 5,24% dan fosfor 2,36%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa donat panggang dengan penambahan tepung tulang ikan bandeng sebanyak 5% dan suhu pemanggangan 170oC lebih disukai dari semua perlakuan. Nilai terhadap kadar air yaitu sebesar 17,37%, kadar protein 40,43%, kadar abu 8,39%, kadar lemak 0,03%, kadar kalsium 0,31%, dan kadar fosfor 0,22%. Nilai rata-rata organoleptik terhadap warna yaitu 3,80 (suka), rasa 3,11 (netral), aroma 2,63 (netral), dan tekstur 3,29 (netral).
Larvicidal Activity of Brusatol Isolated from Brucea javanica (L) Merr on Culex quinquefasciatus
Authors: SUTININGSIH Dwi , NURJAZULI Nurjazuli , NUGROHO Djoko , Tunggul SATOTO Tri Baskoro 
Published: May 2019

Background: Vector control is still emphasized on the using of chemical insecticide which can cause death of non-target organisms, pollution and vector resistance. Therefore, natural insecticides/larvicides are an alternative to using chemical insecticides to control the mosquito vector.
Methods: Brusatol was isolated from the seeds of Makassar Fruit (Brucea javanica L. Merr). Culex quinquefasciatus larvae were divided into 3 groups, i.e. 6 testing groups and one negative and positive control group. In the negative control group, the larvae were treated with 100 ml aquadest and positive control was treated with temephos 1 ppm. After 24 hours, dead larvae were calculated and the percentage of death was determined. The dead larvae were then examined for morphological changes using a light microscope.
Results: The higher of the concentration level of brusatol, the higher number of the death of Cx. quinquefasciatus larvae (P<0.05). The value of brusatol Lethal Concentration 50 to larvae Cx. quinquefasciatus was 0.010 ± 0.122 and value of brusatol Lethal Concentration 90 to larvae Cx. quinquefasciatus was 0.654 ± 0.081 ppm. The higher the concentration of brusatol, the morphological damage of Cx. quinquefasciatus larvae was getting worse and widespread to cause damage to the digestive tract and cuticle.
Conclusion: Brusatol isolated from the seed of B. javanica (L) Merr have larvicidal activity to the Cx. quinquefasciatus which is potential to be natural larvicide.
Enteric Opportunistic Infection and the Impact of Antiretroviral Therapy among HIV/AIDS Patients from Tehran, Iran
Authors: MASOUMI-ASL Hossein , KHANALIHA Khadijeh , BOKHARAEI-SALIM Farah , ESTEGHAMATI Abdoulreza , KALANTARI Saeed , HOSSEINYRAD Maryam 
Published: May 2019

Background: Opportunistic parasites have been identified as human pathogens, especially in immunodeficient patients. Microsporidian and coccidian infections cause chronic diarrhea as common clinical manifestation in HIV positive patients. In this study, the frequency of opportunistic infections, including microsporidian and coccidian infections, was evaluated in HIV/AIDS patients from Tehran and phylogenic analysis was performed for E. bieneusi isolates from these patients.
Methods: One hundred and two stool samples were collected from confirmed HIV/AIDS patients, referred to Consult Center of Behavior Diseases, West Health Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences in Tehran, Iran. The samples were transferred to Research Center of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences from Jan 2016 to Dec 2016. After conventional formalin-ether concentration, aniline blue staining method and acid-fast staining technique were used for detection of microsporidian spores and Cyclospora oocysts. DNA was extracted and nested PCR was performed.
Results: Two (1.96%) cases were found to be positive for intestinal microsporidia infection using aniline blue staining method and were confirmed as E. bieneusi by nested PCR. One patient was found with Cyclospora cayetanensis infection by acid-fast staining method and PCR. Giardia lamblia and Blastocystis hominis were detected as non-opportunistic parasites in 1/102 (0.98%) and 2/102 (1.96%) of the HIV positive patients, respectively.
Conclusion: With respect to the use of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in HIV positive patients, we found a low frequency of infection.
Self-Perception of Gerontoism According to Social Support and Family Functionality
Authors: KOCH FILHO Herbert Rubens , De Azevedo KOCH Luiza Foltran , KUSMA Solena Ziemer , IGNÁCIO Sérgio Aparecido , MOYSÉS Simone Tetu , Azevedo ALANIS Luciana Ribeiro , Marilisa Carneiro Leão GABARDO Marilisa Carneiro Leão GABARDO , MOYSÉS Samuel Jorge 
Published: May 2019

Background: The gerontoism, a neologism adopted here, is a form of discrimination regarding age and can occur in rational, emotional, and behavioral contexts, and could be influenced by many factors. This study aimed to identify if the social support and the family functionality interfere in the self-perception of gerontoism.
Methods: Participants were 376 elderly in good physical and mental condition. They participated in the Group Living organization in the Municipality of Curitiba, State of Paraná, Brazil, in 2012. Information was collected about sociodemographic profile using a structured questionnaire. The social support, the family functionality, and the self-perception of gerontoism were defined by the Medical Outcomes Study, the Family APGAR index, and Ageism Survey, respectively. The variables were analyzed by Pearson’s correlation coefficient, One Way ANOVA, Tukey’s HSD test, and the Student’s t-test.
Results: Most of the participants came from small cities from the interior (48.7%), were female (94.4%), with age ranging 60-69 yr-old (45.5%), whites (76.1%), widowers (47.1%), with children (93.9%), with low schooling (55.3%), with family income from 1-2 minimum wage (31.4%), and retirees not working (44.1%). It was not observed correlation between sociodemographic variables and self-perception of gerontoism. Statistical significance was observed between self-perception of gerontoism and social support (r= -0.26, P=0.00), and between the self-perception and family functionality (r = -0.28, P=0.00). Once the scores of self-perception of gerontoism increased, the ones from social support and family functionality, decreased.
Conclusion: Lower self-perception of gerontoism was observed in elderly with higher social support and family functionality.
İÇSEL PARA TEORİSİ VE JOAN ROBINSON
Authors: BÜYÜKILGAZ Utku 
Published: May 2019

İçsel para, Post Keynesyen iktisadın en önemli kavramlarından biridir.
Post Keynesyen içsel para teorisi, banka kredilerinin para arzını belirlemedeki
önemine vurgu yapmaktadır. Ancak içsel para, Post Keynesyenlerin kendi
aralarında anlaşmazlığa düşmesine de yol açmaktadır. Uyumcu ve yapısalcı olarak adlandırılan
yaklaşımlar, özellikle kredi tabanlı para arzı eğrisinin eğimi konusunda fikir
ayrılığı yaşamaktadırlar. Joan Robinson, Post Keynesyen literatüre eserleriyle
büyük katkılar veren iktisatçılardan biridir. Ancak para teorisine yaptığı
katkılar tartışmalıdır. Bir görüş onun çalışmalarını içsel para yaklaşımının
ilk örneklerinden sayarken, bir başka görüş paraya hiçbir zaman yeterli ilgi
göstermediğini ileri sürmektedir.