bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nav1.5 in astrocytes plays a sex‐specific role in clinical outcomes in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis
Authors: Pappalardo Laura W. , Samad Omar A. , Liu Shujun , Zwinger Pamela J. , Black Joel A. , Waxman Stephen G. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAstrogliosis is a hallmark of neuroinflammatory disorders such as multiple sclerosis (MS). A detailed understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms governing astrogliosis might facilitate the development of therapeutic targets. We investigated whether Nav1.5 expression in astrocytes plays a role in the pathogenesis of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a murine model of MS. We created a conditional knockout of Nav1.5 in astrocytes and determined whether this affects the clinical course of EAE, focal macrophage and T cell infiltration, and diffuse activation of astrocytes. We show that deletion of Nav1.5 from astrocytes leads to significantly worsened clinical outcomes in EAE, with increased inflammatory infiltrate in both early and late stages of disease, unexpectedly, in a sex‐specific manner. Removal of Nav1.5 in astrocytes leads to increased inflammation in female mice with EAE, including increased astroglial response and infiltration of T cells and phagocytic monocytes. These cellular changes are consistent with more severe EAE clinical scores. Additionally, we found evidence suggesting possible dysregulation of the immune response—particularly with regard to infiltrating macrophages and activated microglia—in female Nav1.5 KO mice compared with WT littermate controls. Together, our results show that deletion of Nav1.5 from astrocytes leads to significantly worsened clinical outcomes in EAE, with increased inflammatory infiltrate in both early and late stages of disease, in a sex‐specific manner.
How to reprogram microglia toward beneficial functions
Authors: Fumagalli Marta , Lombardi Marta , Gressens Pierre , Verderio Claudia 
Published: September 2018

AbstractMicroglia, brain cells of nonneural origin, orchestrate the inflammatory response to diverse insults, including hypoxia/ischemia or maternal/fetal infection in the perinatal brain. Experimental studies have demonstrated the capacity of microglia to recognize pathogens or damaged cells activating a cytotoxic response that can exacerbate brain damage. However, microglia display an enormous plasticity in their responses to injury and may also promote resolution stages of inflammation and tissue regeneration. Despite the critical role of microglia in brain pathologies, the cellular mechanisms that govern the diverse phenotypes of microglia are just beginning to be defined. Here we review emerging strategies to drive microglia toward beneficial functions, selectively reporting the studies which provide insights into molecular mechanisms underlying the phenotypic switch. A variety of approaches have been proposed which rely on microglia treatment with pharmacological agents, cytokines, lipid messengers, or microRNAs, as well on nutritional approaches or therapies with immunomodulatory cells. Analysis of the molecular mechanisms relevant for microglia reprogramming toward pro‐regenerative functions points to a central role of energy metabolism in shaping microglial functions. Manipulation of metabolic pathways may thus provide new therapeutic opportunities to prevent the deleterious effects of inflammatory microglia and to control excessive inflammation in brain disorders.
Synthesis of a Monomer for Two‐Dimensional Polymerization under Technically Feasible Conditions
Authors: Tanner Philipp , Maier Gerhard , Schlüter A. Dieter 
Published: September 2018

The synthesis of a promising 2D polymer uses the double decker rotor‐shaped monomer 1, containing three anthracene moieties. To accelerate the development of the field of 2D polymers, this monomer was selected for scale‐up that would allow its synthesis to be performed on the kg scale under technical conditions. This goal was achieved in collaboration with Polymaterials AG, Kaufbeuren, Germany. Not only was the synthetic route shortened, but each and every aspect of the remaining steps was streamlined so as to render them applicable to technical conditions. This involved the entire sequence to be adapted to metal instead of glass reactors and to a number of safety and toxicity concerns. Additionally, not only the utilization of the reactors had to meet strict efficiency requirements, but also the work‐up procedures had to be facile. The whole sequence was then tested for feasibility under realistic conditions at Polymaterials AG. While this test afforded 130 g of monomer 1, it has the clear potential for the kg scale, supposed the safety equipment for the hydrogen evolution for the conversion of compound 2a – 3 is available.
Avoiding confusion between pressure front pulse displacement and groundwater displacement: Illustration with the pumping test in a confined aquifer
Authors: Chesnaux Romain 
Published: September 2018

AbstractTwo distinct phenomena may be distinguished and defined during a pumping test conducted in a confined aquifer: the pressure front pulse displacement and the groundwater displacement. This Scientific briefing examines and clarifies the difference between the pressure wave displacement and the groundwater displacement, by stating the differences in their respective transit times and velocities. The pressure front pulse displacement is controlled by the diffusivity of the aquifer, whereas groundwater displacement is controlled by the pumping flow rate and the effective porosity of the aquifer. To calculate the transit time and velocity of each type of displacement, several equations are presented and compared. An example is provided to illustrate the differences in velocity between the pressure front pulse displacement and the groundwater displacement.
Associations between postpartum depression and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy
Authors: Strapasson Márcia R. , Ferreira Charles F. , Ramos José G.L. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo identify possible relationships between postpartum depression and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP), as well as the associated risk factors for developing postpartum depression.MethodsThe present prospective descriptive cross‐sectional study was conducted among postpartum women who attended a public maternity hospital in Brazil between January 15, 2015, and January 15, 2017. The diagnosis and severity of HDP were based on blood pressure measurements (systolic ≥140 mm Hg or diastolic ≥90 mm Hg), proteinuria, clinical findings, and laboratory findings. A group of normotensive women was also included. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale was used to assess the risk of postpartum depression.ResultsOf 168 participants (42 with HDP and 126 normotensive), 40 (23.8%) women displayed depressive symptoms (25 normotensive and 15 with HDP). The probability of postpartum depression correlated with a diagnosis of HDP (Spearman correlation coefficient [rS] 0.219; P=0.004); premonitory signs of eclampsia (rS 0.171; P=0.027); magnesium sulfate therapy (rS 0.199; P=0.010); diastolic blood pressure (rS 0.165; P=0.033); and use of milk formula during hospitalization (rS 0.152; P=0.048).ConclusionWomen diagnosed with HDP were more likely to have depressive symptoms than their normotensive counterparts.
The addition of lymphadenectomy to secondary cytoreductive surgery in comparison with bulky node resection in patients with recurrent ovarian cancer
Authors: Bogani Giorgio , Leone Roberti Maggiore Umberto , Chiappa Valentina , Ditto Antonino , Martinelli Fabio , Sabatucci Ilaria , Mosca Lavinia , Lorusso Domenica , Raspagliesi Francesco 
Published: September 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the role of full lymphadenectomy in patients with isolated nodal recurrence of ovarian cancer.MethodsIn a retrospective study, the data of women undergoing secondary cytoreduction at the National Cancer Institute, Milan, Italy, between January 1, 2001, and December 31, 2015, were collected and patients with isolated nodal recurrence were identified. Factors predicting for disease‐free interval (DFI) and overall survival were estimated using Kaplan–Meier survival analysis and Cox regression analysis.ResultsOf the 199 consecutive patients whose data were collected, isolated nodal recurrence (defined as the presence of lymphatic disease) was observed in 35 women. Among this study cohort, lymphadenectomy and bulky node removal were performed in 11 (31%) and 24 (69%) patients, respectively. Women who underwent lymphadenectomy experienced better DFI compared with those who had bulky node removal only (median 21 and 12 months, respectively; P=0.019), and lymphadenectomy, but not bulky node removal, significantly improved rates of DFI (P=0.043). No factors were independently associated with overall survival; however, a trend toward an improved overall survival rate was observed in patients undergoing complete resection at the time of primary surgery (P=0.055).ConclusionLymphadenectomy at the time of secondary cytoreduction improved DFI but did not have a significant effect on overall survival.
Overexpressing PRMT1 Inhibits Proliferation and Invasion in Pancreatic Cancer by Inverse Correlation of ZEB1
Authors: Lin Zhibin , Chen Yao , Lin Zhaoxian , Chen Chunshan , Dong Yangyang 
Published: September 2018

AbstractPancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most malign human cancers, with its underlying molecular mechanisms largely unknown. In this work, we investigated the mechanistic role of protein arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1) gene in PC. Expression of PRMT1 in immortal PC cell lines and clinical human PC tumors was evaluated by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) and western blot. In PANC‐1 and SW1990 cells, PRMT1 was either downregulated by lentiviral‐mediated short hairpin RNA (shRNA) or upregulated by overexpression plasmid. The effects of PRMT1 downregulation or upregulation on PC proliferation and invasion in vitro, and xenograft in vivo, were evaluated. Gene expression of PRMT1 downstream target, zinc finger E‐box binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1) was measured in PRMT1‐downregulated PC cells. ZEB1 was also upregulated in PRMT1‐downregulated PC cells to evaluate its functional role in PRMT1‐mediated regulation in PC. PRMT1 was downregulated in both PC cell lines and human tumors. PRMT1 downregulation in PANC‐1 and SW1990 cells significantly suppressed cancer proliferation and invasion in vitro and xenograft in vivo. However, PRMT1 overexpression did not have function impact in PC cells. ZEB1 gene expression was suppressed in PRMT1‐downregulated PC cells. Subsequently, overexpressing ZEB1 reversed the antitumor effects of PRMT1 downregulation in PC cells. PRMT1 was aberrantly upregulated in PC. PRMT1 inhibition, possibly inversely acting through ZEB1, might be an effective molecular intervention to inhibit PC growth and invasion. © 2018 IUBMB Life, 70(10):1032–1039, 2018
Establishment of a high‐sensitivity reporter system in mammalian cells for detecting juvenoids using juvenile hormone receptors of Daphnia pulex
Authors: Tanaka Takahiro , Iguchi Taisen , Miyakawa Hitoshi 
Published: September 2018

AbstractEnvironmental waters are polluted by various chemicals originating from human activities. Recently, the environmental risk of juvenile hormones (JHs) to aquatic microcrustaceans has been recognized by risk assessors and researchers. JH is a major arthropod hormone that regulates molting and reproduction and has analogs that have been used as insect growth regulators. JHs are known to disturb the sex determination system of Daphnia, which is a keystone animal in limnetic ecosystems and is not the target of extermination. To assess the risk of contaminant chemicals and to protect biodiversity, reliable methods for detecting such chemicals are essential. In this study, we attempted to establish a practical in vitro reporter assay system for detecting chemicals with JH activity. Using a newly constructed reporter vector (modified from the JH response element of Tribolium castaneum Krüppel homolog 1, which is a major JH responsive gene in insects), strong JH‐dependent transcriptional activity (>40‐fold activation) was found in Chinese hamster ovary cells that express JH receptors of Daphnia pulex. Dose‐response analysis conducted on several JH and non‐JH chemicals revealed that the established reporter assay system has strict specificity to JH chemicals, and the half maximum effective concentration (EC50) was between 10−7 and 10−9 m. These results suggest that the new system is a rapid and economical method for assessing the environmental risk of JH‐active chemicals.
Fabrication of a bilayer scaffold for small diameter vascular applications
Authors: Goins Allison , Ramaswamy Vidhya , Lichlyter Darcy , Webb Antonio , Allen Josephine B. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractOne of the greatest challenges plaguing cardiovascular tissue engineering has been the development of a compliant vascular graft. In this work, we report the development of a synthetic vascular graft with compliance similar to native arteries at physiological pressures. A bilayer scaffold was fabricated from a solid polymeric lumen made from poly(1,8 octanediol‐co‐citrate) (POC) and a microfibrous medial layer composed of type I collagen, elastin, and POC. Mechanical analysis revealed dynamic compliance, ~6.9% within 1% of native vessels, 5.9%. The burst pressure was an order of magnitude lower than native vessels (~400 mmHg vs. ~3000 mmHg) but was above physiological pressure ranges. Biocompatibility studies indicated the scaffold posed no acute cytotoxic risk to relevant cell types and supported the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells. In addition, upon exposure of the scaffold to whole blood, there was no statistically significant hemolysis, <2%. Overall this is a promising material system and scaffold to develop a biodegradable tissue‐engineered vascular graft. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 2850–2862, 2018.
Acid‐triggered synergistic chemo‐photodynamic therapy systems based on metal‐coordinated supramolecular interaction
Authors: Wang Jinze , Liu Lin , Yin Liping , Chen Li 
Published: September 2018

AbstractTo enhance anticancer efficacy and decrease side effects, the synergistic multi‐agent therapy has now increasingly gotten great attention. Herein, the flexible polycaprolactone had been modified by histidine and formed assembles with PEGylated metallo‐porphyrin via metal‐coordinated supramolecular interaction. This supramolecular assembles showed excellent acid sensitivity. At neutral environment, the hydrophobic anticancer drug could be effectively co‐encapsulated with photosensitizer Fe‐TPP to improve the water solubility. While at the intracellular microenvironment, the changed acid environment would trigger the drug and Fe‐TPP release due to the reduction of metal‐coordinated interaction between histidine and metallo‐porphyrin leading to the disintegration of assembles. The in vivo anticancer experiments toward HeLa and MCF‐7 cells disclosed that this co‐delivery system of anticancer drug and photosensitizer showed enhanced anticancer efficacy, implying that the synergistic chemo‐photodynamic therapy could improve cellular proliferation inhibition. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 2955–2962, 2018.
Enhancing neural differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells by conductive graphene/silk fibroin films
Authors: Niu Yimeng , Chen Xiaofang , Yao Danyu , Peng Ge , Liu Haifeng , Fan Yubo 
Published: September 2018

AbstractNerve regeneration and function recovery remain challenges for tissue engineering. The application of suitable scaffold in tissue engineering has been demonstrated to be able to enhance nerve regeneration and differentiation. However, a desired scaffold must meet the requirements of good cytocompatibility and high electrical conductivity simultaneously. In this study, a conductive film composed of SF and graphene was successfully fabricated, which was applied to evaluate its effect on the neural differentiation of iPSCs. The conductive film was found to enhance the differentiation of iPSCs toward neurons. In addition, the differentiation was enhanced with graphene contents and highest value was obtained at graphene content of 4%. Thus, the results in this study suggested that 4% G/SF film might be a suitable biomaterial scaffold for application in neural regeneration. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 2973–2983, 2018.
Preparing and immobilizing antimicrobial osteogenic growth peptide on titanium substrate surface
Authors: Liu Ju , Yang Weihu , Tao Bailong , Shen Tingting , He Ye , Shen Xinkun , Cai Kaiyong 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe inherent bioinertness and potential bacterial infection risk are the two leading causes for Ti implant failure. To improve osseointegration and antibiosis, in this work, a novel antimicrobial osteogenic growth peptide was first synthesized by conjugating osteogenic growth peptide (OGP) and ciprofloxacin (CIP). Then, the synthetic antimicrobial peptide was immobilized onto Ti implant surface for chemoselective binding via the amide reaction. Thereafter, the capabilities of modified Ti implant on osseointegration and antibiosis were measured with cell experiments and antimicrobial activity in vitro. The results showed that antimicrobial osteogenic growth peptide (OGP‐CIP) was successfully prepared and grafted onto Ti implant surface. Moreover, the antimicrobial peptide‐modified Ti implants could promote osteoblasts spreading and osteodifferentiation compared with unmodified Ti substrates. Meanwhile, in vitro bacteria studies (Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli) proved that the antibacterial property of antimicrobial peptide functionalized Ti implant was improved obviously. The method used in this work is a feasible and promising strategy to win the race against invading bacteria and accelerate bone integration in orthopedic implantation. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 3021–3033, 2018.
A comparative study of resveratrol and resveratrol‐functional selenium nanoparticles: Inhibiting amyloid β aggregation and reactive oxygen species formation properties
Authors: Yang Licong , Wang Wenjun , Chen Jiguang , Wang Na , Zheng Guodong 
Published: September 2018

AbstractDeposition of amyloid‐β (Aβ) aggregates and formation of neurotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) are significant pathological signatures of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Resveratrol (Res) is an antioxidant with the potential to treat AD. However, the bioavailability and solubility of Res is very low and it cannot entirely inhibit Cu2+‐induced Aβ42 aggregation at low concentration. Herein, we combine the unique Aβ absorption property of selenium nanoparticles with the natural antioxidant agent Res to form Res@SeNPs. Our in vitro biological evaluation revealed that modification of Res with SeNPs provides a synergistic effect on Cu2+‐induced Aβ42 aggregation, ROS generation and, more importantly, protects PC12 cells from Aβ42–Cu2+ complexes‐induced cell death. It is believed that SeNPs can improve the application of Res in AD treatment as Res@SeNPs is more efficient than Res in reducing Aβ42 toxicity in long‐term use. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 3034–3041, 2018.
Mesenchymal stem cell interacted with PLCL braided scaffold coated with poly‐l‐lysine/hyaluronic acid for ligament tissue engineering
Authors: Liu Xing , Laurent Cédric , Du Qiaoyue , Targa Laurie , Cauchois Ghislaine , Chen Yun , Wang Xiong , de Isla Natalia 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe challenge of finding an adapted scaffold for ligament tissue engineering remains unsolved after years of researches. A technology to fabricate a multilayer braided scaffold with flexible and elastic poly (l‐lactide‐co‐caprolactone) (PLCL 85/15) has been recently pioneered by our team. In this study, polyelectrolyte multilayer films (PEM) with poly‐l‐lysine (PLL)/ hyaluronic acid (HA) were deposited on this scaffold. After PEM modification, polygonal (PLL) and particle‐like (HA) structures were present on the braided scaffold with no significant variation of fibers Young's modulus. Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells (WJ‐MSC) and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM‐MSC) showed good metabolic activity on scaffolds. They presented a spindled shape along the fiber longitudinal direction, and crossed the fibers to form cell bridges. Collagen type I, collagen type III, and tenascin‐C secreted by MSCs were detected on day 14. Moreover, one‐layer modified scaffold presented increased chemotaxis. As a conclusion, our results indicate that this braided PLCL scaffold with one‐layer PEM modification shows inspiring potential with satisfying mechanical properties and biocompatibility. It opens new perspectives to incorporate growth factors within PEM‐modified braided PLCL scaffold for ligament tissue engineering and to recruit endogenous cells after implantation. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 3042–3052, 2018.
A sulfonated reversible thermal gel for the spatiotemporal control of VEGF delivery to promote therapeutic angiogenesis
Authors: Lee David J. , Rocker Adam J. , Bardill James R. , Shandas Robin , Park Daewon 
Published: September 2018

AbstractDespite medical and surgical advancements for the treatment of cardiovascular disease, mortality and morbidity remain high. Therapeutic angiogenesis has been one approach to address the major clinical need for a more effective treatment to restoring blood flow in ischemic organs and tissues, but current progress in angiogenic drug delivery is inadequate at providing sufficient bioavailability without causing safety concerns. An injectable sulfonated reversible thermal gel composed of a polyurea conjugated with poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) and sulfonate groups has been developed for the delivery of angiogenic factors. The thermal gel allowed for the spatiotemporal control of vascular endothelial growth factor release with a decreased initial burst release and reduced release rate in vitro. A subcutaneous injection mouse model was used to evaluate efficacious vascularization and assess the inflammatory response due to a foreign body. Thermal gel injections showed substantial vascularization properties by inducing vessel formation, recruitment and differentiation of vascular endothelial cells, and vessel stabilization by perivascular cells, while infiltrating macrophages due to the thermal gel injections decreased over time. These results demonstrated effective localization and delivery of angiogenic factors for therapeutic angiogenesis. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 3053–3064, 2018.