bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lattice Shrinkage by Incorporation of Recombinant Starmaker‐Like Protein within Bioinspired Calcium Carbonate Crystals
Authors: Różycka Mirosława , Coronado Ismael , Brach Katarzyna , Olesiak‐Bańska Joanna , Samoć Marek , Zarębski Mirosław , Dobrucki Jerzy , Ptak Maciej , Weber Eva , Polishchuk Iryna , Pokroy Boaz , Stolarski Jarosław , Ożyhar Andrzej 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe biological mediation of mineral formation (biomineralization) is realized through diverse organic macromolecules that guide this process in a spatial and temporal manner. Although the role of these molecules in biomineralization is being gradually revealed, the molecular basis of their regulatory function is still poorly understood. In this study, the incorporation and distribution of the model intrinsically disordered starmaker‐like (Stm‐l) protein, which is active in fish otoliths biomineralization, within calcium carbonate crystals, is revealed. Stm‐l promotes crystal nucleation and anisotropic tailoring of crystal morphology. Intracrystalline incorporation of Stm‐l protein unexpectedly results in shrinkage (and not expansion, as commonly described in biomineral and bioinspired crystals) of the crystal lattice volume, which is described herein, for the first time, for bioinspired mineralization. A ring pattern was observed in crystals grown for 48 h; this was composed of a protein‐enriched region flanked by protein‐depleted regions. It can be explained as a result of the Ostwald‐like ripening process and intrinsic properties of Stm‐l, and bears some analogy to the daily growth layers of the otolith.
Theoretical Investigation of the Photoexcited NO2+H2O reaction at the Air–Water Interface and Its Atmospheric Implications
Authors: Martins‐Costa Marilia T. C. , Anglada Josep M. , Francisco Joseph S. , Ruiz‐López Manuel F. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe atmospheric role of photochemical processes involving NO2 beyond its dissociation limit (398 nm) is controversial. Recent experiments have confirmed that excited NO2* beyond 420 nm reacts with water according to NO2*+H2O→HONO+OH. However, the estimated kinetic constant for this process in the gas phase is quite small (k≈10−15–3.4×10−14 cm3 molecule−1 s−1) suggesting minor atmospheric implications of the formed radicals. In this work, ab initio molecular dynamics simulations of NO2 adsorbed at the air–water interface reveal that the OH production rate increases by about 2 orders of magnitude with respect to gas phase, attaining ozone reference values for NO2 concentrations corresponding to slightly polluted rural areas. This finding substantiates the argument that chemistry on clouds can be an additional source of OH radicals in the troposphere and suggests directions for future laboratory experimental studies.
Optimal estimation in functional linear regression for sparse noise‐contaminated data
Authors: Mostafaiy Behdad , Faridrohani Mohammad Reza , Chenouri Shojaeddin 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIn this article, we propose a novel approach to fit a functional linear regression in which both the response and the predictor are functions. We consider the case where the response and the predictor processes are both sparsely sampled at random time points and are contaminated with random errors. In addition, the random times are allowed to be different for the measurements of the predictor and the response functions. The aforementioned situation often occurs in longitudinal data settings. To estimate the covariance and the cross‐covariance functions, we use a regularization method over a reproducing kernel Hilbert space. The estimate of the cross‐covariance function is used to obtain estimates of the regression coefficient function and of the functional singular components. We derive the convergence rates of the proposed cross‐covariance, the regression coefficient, and the singular component function estimators. Furthermore, we show that, under some regularity conditions, the estimator of the coefficient function has a minimax optimal rate. We conduct a simulation study and demonstrate merits of the proposed method by comparing it to some other existing methods in the literature. We illustrate the method by an example of an application to a real‐world air quality dataset.The Canadian Journal of Statistics47: 524–559; 2019 © 2019 Statistical Society of Canada
Second primary tumors in patients with a head and neck paraganglioma
Authors: Contrera Kevin J. , Yong Valeda , Reddy Chandana A. , Berber Eren , Lorenz Robert R. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundThere are conflicting recommendations and possibly overuse of imaging for surveillance of second primary tumors for patients with a history of head and neck paraganglioma.MethodsRetrospective cohort study of 234 adults with head and neck paragangliomas (1990‐2010) followed for a mean of 7.5 ± 8.4 years.ResultsThe rate of second paraganglioma was 1.7% after 5 years and 5.1% after 10 years, yielding an incidence of 6.65 per 1000 person‐years. Only 1.3% of patients (2.59 per 1000 person‐years) ever had a second paraganglioma in the chest, abdomen, or pelvis. Patients with a hereditary paraganglioma (hazard ratio [HR] = 4.84, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.52‐15.43) or carotid body tumor (HR = 3.55, 95% CI: 1.15‐10.99) were at greater risk.ConclusionsThe incidence rate of a second primary paragangliomas is low but increases with hereditary disease. These results question the utility of repeated imaging outside of the neck to screen for second paragangliomas.
Association between lifestyle and hematological parameters: A study of Chinese male steelworkers
Authors: Yen Jean Mei‐Chu , Hsu Chia‐Chang , Hung Wei‐Chin , Lu Yung‐Chuan , Wang Chao‐Ping , Tsai I‐Ting , Lu I‐Cheng , Hung Yi‐Hsin , Chung Fu‐Mei , Lee Yau‐Jiunn , Yu Teng‐Hung 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundIncreasing evidence suggests an association between lifestyle and white blood cell (WBC) count; however, no study has examined the effects of lifestyle associations on hematological parameters. The aim of this study was to examine the association between lifestyle factors and hematological parameters in a large population‐based sample of Chinese male steelworkers.MethodsThis study included 3189 male workers at a steel plant who responded to a cross‐sectional questionnaire on basic attributes, lifestyle, and sleep. All workers in the plant underwent periodic health checkups. Hematological parameters were also examined at the checkup.ResultsStepwise linear regression analyses showed that smoking, poor sleep, shift work, and obesity were all significant factors associated with WBC count. Obesity was independently associated with RBC count. Furthermore, smoking and obesity were associated with hemoglobin, and smoking, poor sleep, and obesity were independently associated with hematocrit. Moreover, smoking was the main factor associated with MCV and MCH. When the subjects were divided into quartiles according to WBC count, RBC count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, MCV, MCH, and increased WBC count were associated with smoking, poor sleep, shift work, and obesity. Increased hemoglobin was associated with smoking and obesity. Furthermore, an increased RBC count was associated with obesity, and increased hematocrit was associated with smoking, poor sleep, and obesity. Similarly, increased MCV and MCH were also associated with smoking.ConclusionThis study indicates that lifestyle factors may exert an important effect on hematological parameters (eg, WBC count, RBC count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, MCV, and MCH).
Psychometric properties and utility of the Responses to Positive Affect questionnaire (RPA) in a sample of people with bipolar disorder
Authors: Kraiss Jannis T. , ten Klooster Peter M. , Chrispijn Melissa , Stevens Anja W.M.M. , Kupka Ralph W. , Bohlmeijer Ernst T. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the psychometric properties of the Responses to Positive Affect (RPA) questionnaire in a sample of persons with bipolar disorder (BD).MethodCross‐sectional survey study with 107 persons with BD. The original 3‐factor model of the RPA was compared with a 2‐factor model. Construct validity was determined with measures of well‐being, personal recovery, social role participation, and psychopathology and incremental validity was evaluated.ResultsThe fit of the 3‐factor model was acceptable for most fit indices. Subscores of the RPA revealed a significant relationship with aspects of well‐being, personal recovery, and psychopathology. Dampening and self‐focused positive rumination explained additional variance in personal recovery above and beyond well‐being.ConclusionsThe RPA is an internally consistent and valid tool to assess positive emotion regulation processes in persons with BD. Specifically, the processes of dampening and emotion‐focused positive rumination seem to play an important role in BD.
The Working Alliance Inventory for guided Internet interventions (WAI‐I)
Authors: Gómez Penedo Juan Martín , Berger Thomas , grosse Holtforth Martin , Krieger Tobias , Schröder Johanna , Hohagen Fritz , Meyer Björn , Moritz Steffen , Klein Jan Philipp 
Published: June 2019

AbstractObjectiveThis study analyses the psychometric properties of the Working Alliance Inventory adapted for guided Internet interventions (WAI‐I).MethodsWe drew on the data set from a multicenter trial that examined a guided Internet intervention (deprexis) for patients with mild to moderate depression. Two hundred twenty‐three patients completed the WAI‐I and the Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire (ZUF‐8) at posttreatment, and the Attitudes toward Psychological Online‐Interventions Questionnaire (APOI) at baseline. We ran confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) testing two‐ and three‐factor solutions and calculated Cronbach's α, item‐total correlations, and correlations of the WAI‐I with APOI and ZUF‐8.ResultsThe results suggested a two‐factor solution, with a very good model fit and evidence of factor independency, adequate internal consistency, and external validity for the complete scale and the sub‐scales.ConclusionsThe WAI‐I showed as a reliable and valid instrument to capture alliance in guided Internet interventions, which might facilitate process‐outcome research and treatment development efforts.
Individual heat map assessments demonstrate vestronidase alfa treatment response in a highly heterogeneous mucopolysaccharidosis VII study population
Authors: Haller Christine , Song Wenjie , Cimms Tricia , Chen Chao‐Yin , Whitley Chester B. , Wang Raymond Y. , Bauer Mislen , Harmatz Paul 
Published: June 2019

AbstractMucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) VII is an ultra‐rare, progressively debilitating, life‐threatening lysosomal disease caused by deficiency of the enzyme, β‐glucuronidase. Vestronidase alfa is an approved enzyme replacement therapy for MPS VII. UX003‐CL301 was a phase 3, randomized, placebo‐controlled, blind‐start study examining the efficacy and safety of vestronidase alfa 4 mg/kg intravenously administered every 2 weeks to 12 patients with MPS VII. Due to the rarity of disease, broad eligibility criteria resulted in a highly heterogeneous population with variable symptoms. For an integrated view of the diverse data, the changes from baseline (or randomization for the placebo period) in clinical endpoints were grouped into three functional domains (mobility, fatigue, and fine motor + self‐care) and analyzed post‐hoc as subject‐level heat maps. Mobility assessments included the 6‐minute walk test, 3‐minute stair climb test, Bruininks‐Oseretsky test (BOT‐2) gross motor function subtests, and patient‐reported outcome assessments (PROs) related to movement, pain, and ambulation. Fatigue assessments included the Pediatric Quality of Life Multidimensional Fatigue Scale and other fatigue‐related PROs. Fine motor + self‐care assessments included BOT‐2 fine motor function subtests and PROs for eating, dressing, hygiene, and caregiver assistance. Most subjects showed improvement in at least one domain. Two subjects improved in two or more domains and two subjects did not show clear improvement in any domain. Both severely and mildly affected subjects improved with vestronidase alfa in clinical assessments, PRO results, or both. Heat map analysis demonstrates how subjects responded to treatment across multiple domains, providing a useful visual tool for studying rare diseases with variable symptoms.
Virtual reconstruction of cranial endocasts of traversodontid cynodonts (Eucynodontia: Gomphodontia) from the upper Triassic of Southern Brazil
Authors: Pavanatto Ane E. B. , Kerber Leonardo , Dias‐da‐Silva Sérgio 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe brain endocasts of the late Triassic (Carnian) traversodontids (Eucynodontia: Gomphodontia) Siriusgnathus niemeyerorum and Exaeretodon riograndensis from southern Brazil are described based on virtual models generated using computed tomography scan data. Their skull anatomy resembles that of other non‐mammaliaform cynodonts, showing an endocranial cavity that is not fully ossified. A “V‐shaped” orbitosphenoid, neither fully developed nor ossified is present in E. riograndensis. The nasal cavity is confluent with the encephalic cavity. Thus, the anterior limit of the olfactory bulbs is not definite. The brain endocast is elongated, being narrow anteriorly and wide posteriorly, with the maximum width at the parafloccular cast. The olfactory bulbs do not present a clear division between their counterparts, due to the absence of a longitudinal sulcus. A longitudinal sulcus in the forebrain delimiting the cerebral hemispheres, the pineal tube, and the parietal foramen are absent in both taxa. The large and well‐developed unossified zone is partially separated from the remaining endocast by a notch formed by the supraoccipital. The encephalization quotients, as well as the endocranial volume/body mass relationships of S. niemeyerorum and E. riograndensis are within the range expected for non‐mammaliaform Therapsida.
High‐potassium preconditioning enhances tolerance to focal cerebral ischemia‐reperfusion injury through anti‐apoptotic effects in male rats
Authors: Tan Xiao‐feng , Qin Tao , Li Nuo , Yang Ye‐gui , Zheng Jun‐hui , Xie Lu , Chen Meng‐hua 
Published: June 2019

AbstractImbalances between cellular K+ efflux and influx are considered to be involved in cerebral ischemia‐reperfusion (I/R) injury. High‐potassium pretreatment alleviates this injury, but the underlying molecular mechanism is unclear. In this study, we sought to investigate whether high‐potassium preconditioning enhances cerebral tolerance to I/R injury through an anti‐apoptotic mechanism. Adult male Sprague‐Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 40/group): a sham‐operated group, normal saline group (3.2 ml/kg saline, intravenous (IV)), and low‐dose and high‐dose potassium chloride (KCl) groups (40 and 80 mg/kg KCl solution, IV, respectively). Subsequently, the rats underwent 90 min of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) followed by 24 hr of reperfusion (MCAO/R). Neurological deficit scores, 2,3,5‐triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining, hematoxylin and eosin staining, and TUNEL assay were used to assess neural injury. The expression of apoptotic proteins, brain potassium levels, mitochondrial function and oxidative stress were detected to explore the potential mechanism. After 24 hr of reperfusion, in both KCl treatment groups, neurological deficits and the cerebral infarct volume were reduced, and the apoptosis index of neurons was decreased. Furthermore, high‐potassium preconditioning increased brain K+, adenosine triphosphate (ATP), cytochrome c oxidase (COX) levels, reduced malondialdehyde level, improved Na+/K+‐ATPase, succinic dehydrogenase and superoxide dismutase activities, upregulated anti‐apoptotic protein expression, and downregulated pro‐apoptotic protein expression. This study suggests that high‐potassium preconditioning enhanced cerebral tolerance to I/R injury in a rat MCAO/R model. The protective mechanism may involve apoptosis inhibition via preservation of intracellular K+ and improvement of mitochondrial function.
Prevention of postsurgical lymphedema via immediate delivery of sustained‐release 9‐cis retinoic acid to the lymphedenectomy site
Authors: Daneshgaran Giulia , Paik Connie B. , Cooper Michael N. , Sung Cynthia , Lo Andrea , Jiao Wan , Park Sun Young , Kim Gene H. , Hong Young‐Kwon , Wong Alex K. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackground and objectivesPreviously, we have shown that 9‐cis retinoic acid (9‐cis RA) stimulates lymphangiogenesis and limits postsurgical lymphedema in animal models when administered via daily intraperitoneal injections. In this study, we investigate whether a single‐use depot 9‐cis RA drug delivery system (DDS) implanted at the site of lymphatic injury can mitigate the development of lymphedema in a clinically relevant mouse limb model.MethodsHind limb lymphedema was induced via surgical lymphadenectomy and irradiation. Animals were divided into two treatment groups: (1) 9‐cis RA DDS, (2) placebo DDS. Outcomes measured included paw thickness, lymphatic clearance and density, epidermal thickness, and collagen deposition.ResultsCompared with control animals, 9‐cis RA‐treated animals had significantly less paw swelling from postoperative week 3 (P = .04) until the final timepoint at week 6 (P = .0007). Moreover, 9‐cis RA‐treated animals had significantly faster lymphatic clearance (P < .05), increased lymphatic density (P = .04), reduced lymphatic vessel size (P = .02), reduced epidermal hyperplasia (P = .04), and reduced collagen staining (P = .10).ConclusionsAnimals receiving 9‐cis RA sustained‐release implants at the time of surgery had improved lymphatic function and structure, indicating reduced lymphedema progression. Thus, we demonstrate that 9‐cis RA contained within a single‐use depot DDS has favorable properties in limiting pathologic responses to lymphatic injury and may be an effective strategy against secondary lymphedema.
An Innovative Approach to Airway Foreign Body Management in an Extremely Premature Neonate
Authors: Hodge Sarah E. , Kilpatrick Lauren , Zdanski Carlton 
Published: June 2019

This case report is a retrospective review of a challenging though ultimately successful removal of an airway foreign body in a 2‐day‐old premature female born at 23 weeks and 4 days gestation. A segment of a 5‐F surfactant catheter was cut and accidentally dislodged in the distal airway within the lumen of the patient's endotracheal tube. Ultimately, visualization was obtained using a 1.6‐mm KARL STORZ sialoendoscope, and retrieval was performed using sialoendoscopy forceps passed via the working channel of the sialoendoscope while maintaining ventilation. This case represents an innovative approach to complex airway foreign body management utilizing sialoendoscopy instruments.Laryngoscope, 130:1236–1238, 2020
A note on the eigenvalues of p‐fractional Hardy–Sobolev operator with indefinite weight
Authors: Goyal Sarika 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIn this article, we study the eigenvalues of p‐fractional Hardy operator
urn:x-wiley:0025584X:media:mana201800331:mana201800331-math-0001where , , , and Ω is an unbounded domain in with Lipschitz boundary containing 0. The weight function V may change sign and may have singular points. We also show that the least positive eigenvalue is simple and it is uniquely associated to a nonnegative eigenfunction. Moreover, we proved that there exists a sequence of eigenvalues as .
A Radiomic feature–based Nipple Detection Algorithm on Digital Mammography
Authors: Jiang Jiayu , Zhang Yaqin , Lu Yao , Guo Yanhui , Chen Haibin 
Published: June 2019

PurposeIn the diagnosis and detection of breast lesions, the nipple is an important anatomical landmark which can be used for the registration on multiview mammograms. In this study, we propose a new detection algorithm for nipples on digital mammography (DM) by applying pixel classification based on geometric and radiomic features extracted from breast boundary regions.MethodsThe imaging characteristics of nipples are closely related to the visibility on mammograms. To locate the nipple on mammogram, a searching area is first determined based on the breast boundary and chest wall orientation. Two different approaches are developed for obvious and subtle nipples, respectively. For obvious nipples, top hat transformation is employed to detect the nipple region, whose geometric center is regarded as the nipple position. For subtle nipples, the curved searching area near the breast boundary is mapped onto a Cartesian plane through a revised rubber band straightening transformation. On the straightened searching area, the geometric and radiomic features are calculated along the normal direction of the breast boundary, and a random forest classifier is trained for subtle nipple localization.ResultsSeven hundred and twenty‐one DMs were collected for the evaluation of the proposed algorithm. The locations of nipples are manually identified by an experienced radiologist as the reference standard. The average Euclidean distance between the computed nipple position and the reference standard was 2.69 mm (obvious) and 7.81 mm (subtle), respectively. A total of 97.61% of the obvious nipples (613/628) and 88.17% of the subtle nipples (82/93) were detected within a 10‐mm radius centered from the reference standard.ConclusionsThe evaluation results show that the proposed method is effective for nipple detection on DM, especially for subtle nipple detection.
Self‐adapting multi‐peak water‐fat reconstruction for the removal of lipid artifacts in chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) imaging
Authors: Zhao Yu , Yan Xu , Zhang Zhongshuai , Zhao Weiwei , Liu Zhenzhi , Li Jianqi 
Published: June 2019

PurposeArtifacts caused by strong lipid signals pose challenges in body chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) imaging. This study aimed to develop an accurate water‐fat reconstruction method based on the multi‐echo Dixon technique to remove lipid artifacts in CEST imaging.Theory and MethodsIt is well known that fat has multiple spectral peaks. Furthermore, RF pulses in CEST preparation saturate each fat peak at different levels, complicating fat modeling. Therefore, a self‐adapting multi‐peak model (SMPM) is proposed to update relative amplitudes of fat peaks using numerical calculation. With the SMPM‐based updating, nonlinear least‐squares fitting combined with IDEAL (Iterative Decomposition of water and fat with Echo Asymmetry and Least‐squares estimation) algorithms was used for water‐fat reconstruction and B0 mapping. The proposed method was compared with the reported 3‐point Dixon method and the fixed multi‐peak model in a phantom study using a fat‐free Z‐spectrum obtained from MR spectroscopy acquisition as the ground truth. This method was also validated by in vivo experiments on human breast.ResultsIn the phantom experiments, the Z‐spectrum from the SMPM‐based method agreed well with the fat‐free Z‐spectrum from CEST‐PRESS (point‐resolved spectroscopy), validating the effective removal of lipid artifacts, while a decrease or a rise that appeared at −3.5 ppm was observed in the Z‐spectrum from the 3‐point method and the FMPM‐based method, respectively. In the in vivo experiments, no lipid artifacts were observed in the Z‐spectrum or the amide CEST map from the SMPM‐based method in the fibro‐glandular region of the breast with high fat fractions.ConclusionThe SMPM‐based method successfully removes lipid artifacts and significantly improves the accuracy of CEST contrast.