bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extracorporeal shock wave therapy decreases COX‐2 by inhibiting TLR4‐NFκB pathway in a prostatitis rat model
Authors: Jeon Seung Hwan , Zhu Guan Qun , Kwon Eun Bi , Lee Kyu Won , Cho Hyuk Jin , Ha U‐Syn , Hong Sung‐Hoo , Lee Ji Youl , Bae Woong Jin , Kim Sae Woong 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundThis study aims to evaluate the effect of extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) on chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) and to explore the mechanism.MethodsRWPE‐2 cells were randomly divided into three groups: (a) RWPE‐2 group (normal control), (b) LPS groups (lipopolysaccharide inducing inflammation) and (c) ESWT groups (LPS induced RWPE‐2 treated by ESWT). After ESWT was administered, cells and supernatant were collected for enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blot analysis. In vivo, Sprague‐Dawley rats (n = 30) were randomly divided into three groups: (a) normal control group, (b) prostatitis groups, and (c) ESWT groups. Prostatitis rats were induced by 17 β‐estradiol and dihydrotestosterone for 4 weeks. After ESWT, prostates of each group were collected for immunohistochemistry, Western blot analysis, and ELISA.ResultsESWT improved prostatitis by attenuating inflammation (P < .01). ESWT downregulated the expression of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX‐2) through inhibiting TLR4‐NFκB pathway compared with the LPS group in vitro or prostatitis group in vivo (P < .05). TRAF2 mediates ERK1/2‐COX2 pathway. ESWT promotes prostate tissue recovery by stimulating vascular endothelial growth factor expression (P < .01). ESWT could suppress apoptosis in the prostate.ConclusionsESWT improved CP/CPPS and reduced inflammation by degrading COX‐2 in microenvironment through TLR4‐NFκB‐inhibiting pathway. TRAF2 regulator in ERK1/2‐COX‐2 inhibition significantly reduced inflammation, thus suggesting ESWT may be a potential and promising treatment for CP/CPPS.
End user–oriented node resource allocation: An application‐based method
Authors: Zhang Xin , Huang Ning , Li Biwei 
Published: August 2019

AbstractFor a network, how to allocate limited resources to achieve high network reliability has been concerned by engineers. From the perspective of the users, the quality of applications is the most intuitive perception of network reliability. Previous allocation methods focus little on applications, which makes it difficult to optimize resource with given application requirements. This paper proposes an application‐based resource allocation method during network design. Under given application scenario and resource constraints, the allocation model is constructed to maximize application reliability, which is presented as a novel user‐oriented metric to assess the quality of applications. Furthermore, improved genetic algorithm (GA) is adopted to obtain optimal allocation strategy. To improve the efficiency of the algorithm, application‐affected node importance is evaluated to generate initial population. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method can achieve higher application reliability than the other three allocation methods when applied to an Avionics Full Duplex Switched Ethernet (AFDX) case. This makes it possible to optimize resource allocation in the light of different application demands in network design.
Nanocomposite having Flower ‐Shaped Morphology as Electrode for Electrochemical Supercapacitor Applications
Authors: Chaudhary Swati , Kuntal Dheeraj , Althurthi Bharani  Venkata Kiran Kumar , Veera Venkata Ramana Challa , Goli Nagaraju , Thomas Sabu 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn the present research work, we reported the nanocomposite having flower shaped morphology as electrode by the combination of metal (Cu) nanoparticles, metal oxide (ZnO nanorods) with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) for electrochemical super capacitor applications by using one pot synthesis method. The nanocomposite was characterized by XRD, Infrared, Raman spectroscopies and morphological studies were done using SEM and TEM. The electrochemical properties of nanocomposites were studied by measuring the specific capacitance using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and galvanostatic charge‐discharge techniques in different electrolyte solutions, among them 3.0 M KOH solution showed high capacitance. The experimental results, indicated that the homogeneous distribution of ZnO nanorods and Cu nanoparticles in rGO, which provides the short path for electrons transport and ions diffusion. The specific capacitance value achieved for nanocomposite is 365.5 F/g. From the studies, it can be concluded that the nanocomposite is a promising electrode material for electrochemical super capacitor applications.
Improving Cytotoxicity by Changing a Linker from Diphenylether to Diphenylmethane and now to Phenylene in Binuclear Dithiocarbamate Complexes: Synthesis and Cytotoxicity Study
Authors: Singh Vinay K , Pillai Vineeta , Patel Shailykumari K. , Buch Lipi 
Published: August 2019

Abstractα‐chloroamide 1,3‐bis(2‐chloroacetamido)phenylene (L’) is selected as a lead compound to derive 1,3‐bis(2‐(alkylamino)acetamido)phenylene (L1‐L3). A programmed self‐assembly involving L1‐L3, CS2 and NiII, CuII or ZnII ions affords access to a new series of 32‐membered binuclear macrocyclic dithiocarbamates [MII2‐μ2‐bis‐{(κ2S,S‐S2CN(R)CH2CONH)2C6H4}]{R=Cy, M=NiII 1 a, CuII 1 b, ZnII 1 c; R=iPr, M=NiII 2 a, CuII 2 b, ZnII 2 c; R=nBu, M=NiII 3 a, CuII 3 b, ZnII 3 c}. Compounds were characterized by spectroscopic (1H, 13C, DEPT 135, 1H DOSY NMR, HRMS/ESI MS, UV‐visible, Fluorescence, IR) and by the TGA. Evidently, L’ forms a fascinating 2D infinite supramolecular molecular sheet. All the compounds were screened for their in vitro cytotoxic activity against malignant tumor Hep G2 (hepatoma) cell line by the MTT assay. A majority of compounds ca L’, L1, 1 a, 1 b, 1 c, 2 a, 2 b, 2 c, L3,3 a, 3 b, 3 c display IC50 values lower than cisplatin and specificity for carcinoma Hep G2 over normal liver cell line (WRL‐68). Evidently cytotoxic potentials of L1‐L3 improved tremendously upon formation of their corresponding bimetallic dithiocarbamate complexes. The shrinking of cells can be clearly visualized by acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) staining indicating the induction of apoptosis as part of the mechanism of action of these compounds. Further, DFT level calculations have been performed on representative compounds to reinforce the experimental results.
Recent Advances in Nanoformulated Chemotherapeutic Drug Delivery (2015‐2019)
Authors: Dorababu Atukuri 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAn attempt was made to summarize the chemotherapeutic drug formulations at nanoscale. The number of biocompatible materials like carbohydrates, proteins, peptides, chitosan, and other water soluble materials would enhance the hydrophilicity of chemotherapeutic drugs. Some of the formulations were responsible for the improved anticancer activity, drug loading capability, higher encapsulation efficiency etc. Nanodrug formulations were engineered in such a way that hydrophobic anticancer agents were transformed to possess hydrophilic features which would allow them to self‐assemble into nanodrug carriers and hence longer blood circulation times of drug, sustained drug release were achieved. Tumor cell targetability was also achieved by selectively conjugating biomolecules with anticancer drugs. Drug loaded nanovectors exhibited improved cytotoxic activities compared to free drug molecules. Few classes of nanoformulations possessing major advantages were described in this review. These classes of drug delivery system possess a greater number of advantages over the other drug delivery systems. The amphiphilicity was enhanced by the complexation of the drugs and supramolecular micellation. Combination of the two or more drugs was successfully experimented via nanoprecipitation methods. Synergistic enhancement of the cytotoxic activity and good tumor growth inhibition evident by the introduction of chemotherapeutic nanopharmacology and nanodrug delivery methods were explained.
Synthesis of New Indole and Adamantane Amido Derivatives with Pharmacological Interest
Authors: Karoutzou Olga , Benaki Dimitra , Papanastasiou Ioannis , Vocat Anthony , Cole Stewart T. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe synthesis and preliminary pharmacological evaluation of new indole and adamantane amido derivatives is described. The design was based on the pharmacophoric properties of 4‐{4‐[4‐(trifluoromethoxy)phenoxy]piperidin‐1‐yl), 6‐[4‐(trifluoro methoxy)phenyl]pyridin‐3‐yl and 4‐(trifluoro)phenyl tails, which are present as side chains in the structures of promising drug candidates, currently in clinical tests. These pharmacophores were incorporated into the indole and adamantane scaffolds, respectively. The new derivatives were evaluated for their antimycobacterial potential. The following amides, N‐[2‐(5‐methoxy‐1H‐indol‐3‐yl)ethyl]‐4‐{4‐[4(trifluoromethoxy)phenoxy]piperidin‐1‐yl}benzamide (1 b) and N‐{4‐[4‐(4‐(trifluoromethoxy)phenoxy)piperidin‐1‐yl]benzyl}‐1H‐indolyl‐2‐carboxamide (2 b), are endowed with antitubercular properties, which merit further investigation.
Bimetallic Porphyrin MOF Anchored onto rGO Nanosheets as a Highly Efficient 2D Electrocatalyst for Oxygen Evolution Reaction in Alkaline Conditions
Authors: Meng Junjing , Zhou Yan , Chi Hehai , Li Kuang , Wan Junmin , Hu Zhiwen 
Published: August 2019

AbstractDue to consequent non‐renewable resource consumption and environmental pollution,the renewable hydrogen energy has been a new energy candidate. But the sluggish kinetics of oxygen evolution reaction (OER) still hampersthe hydrogen production by water electrolysis. So, to design and synthesize an efficient OER catalyst for electrochemical conversion technologiesstill keeps challenge. Herein, an ideal precursor of bimetallic porphyrinicMOF (Co–CuTCPP)/reduced graphene oxide (Co–CuTCPP/rGO) composite has been fabricated by an ultrathin porphyrinic MOF (Co–CuTCPP) nanosheet loaded onto graphene oxide (GO)via hydrothermal process. Owing to synergetic effect of the rGOand bimetallic porphyrin MOF scaly structure, the optimized Co–CuTCPP/rGO‐10 catalyst exhibited high electrocatalytic activity with a low overpotential of 396 mV at 10 mA cm−2 and a Tafel slope of 58 mV dec−1, and had good stabilityin alkaline conditions. So, the lowcost, stable, and heterogeneous electrocatalyst might be a promising candidate for the OER devices in alkaline conditions without requirement of pyrolysis process.
An NBD‐Based Mitochondrial Targeting Ratiometric Fluorescent Probe for Hydrogen Sulfide Detection
Authors: Jia Xu , Li Wei , Guo Zihan , Guo Zhenbo , Li Yin , Zhang Pingzhu , Wei Chao , Li Xiaoliu 
Published: August 2019

AbstractHydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an important endogenous gaseous signaling molecule with multiple biological functions. In this study, an NBD‐based ratiometric fluorescent probe (MR‐1) was successfully designed and synthesized for selectively detection H2S. The probe exhibits high selectivity and fast emission intensity ratio changes in response to H2S in solution. The modification of triphenylphosphine in the probe enables it to be used for the imaging mitochondrial H2S in living HeLa cells.
Synthesis, Characterization of Pyridyl Heterocyclic Olefins (PHOs) and Activation of Heterocumulenes
Authors: Zhang Xianhui , Wang Liang , Wang Qinggang , Ge Fang , Wang Xiaowu 
Published: August 2019

AbstractA series of new patterns of heterocyclic olefins (NHOs) based on pyridyl backbone were synthesized. Reactions of pyridyl heterocyclic olefins (PHOs) with heterocumulenes (CO2, CS2, isocyanate, isothiocyanate) afforded two different types of products including addition and insertion products. Insertion products represented rare example in such reactions. The reactivity between PHOs and heterocumulenes was primarily manipulated by the Lewis acidity of the heterocumulenes, while the product stability and selectivity were controlled by both the PHOs and heterocumulenes.
Das Kehler Hängedach
Authors: Wilhelm Viktor 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIm Gewerbegebiet der Stadt Kehl wurde neuerdings ein Hängedach auf „mechanische Bäume” aufgebracht. Von der Revitalisierung dieses Gebiets profitiert nicht nur die Stadt, sondern auch die umliegenden baulichen Strukturen. Welches Potenzial in dieser Bauaufgabe steckt, zeigt die neue Platzüberdachung an einer Waschanlage in Kehl‐Sundheim.
Abbruch der alten Rheinbrücke Wiesbaden‐Schierstein
Authors: Springer Johannes , Jünger Ulrich , Kina Sven 
Published: August 2019

AbstractZum Zeitpunkt ihrer Eröffnung Anfang der Sechzigerjahre war die Schiersteiner Brücke eine der am weitesten gespannten Stahlbalkenbrücken weltweit. Der Abbruch einer solchen Großbrücke ist eine besondere Herausforderung. In diesem Beitrag werden der Abbruch der 205 m weit gespannten Strombrücke sowie der Verbundbrücken der Schiersteiner Rheinbrücke beschrieben. Neben einer Beschreibung der alten Brückenkonstruktion von 1962 wird detailliert auf die Planung des Abbruchs und die Abbruchstatik für die Strombrücken und die Verbundbrücken des Brückenzugs eingegangen und es werden grundsätzliche Punkte zum Abbruch von Stahlbrücken zusammengetragen.
Schwingungsbasiertes Spannungsidentifikationsverfahren f ür fachwerkartige Eisen‐ und Stahlkonstruktionen
Authors: Häßler Mai , Zabel Volkmar , Lorenz Werner 
Published: August 2019

AbstractDie Tragfähigkeitsbeurteilung einer bestehenden fachwerkartigen Eisen‐ und Stahlkonstruktion ist wesentlich von den vorhandenen Stabnormalkräften und den daraus resultierenden Spannungen abhängig. Liegen ausreichend Informationen zum Tragwerk und den äußeren Einwirkungen vor, können die Stabnormalkräfte im Fachwerk in Form einer statischen Berechnung ermittelt werden. Allerdings lässt sich der Spannungszustand für historische Konstruktionen aufgrund von Unschärfen bei der Überführung in ein statisches Modell meist nur ungenau bestimmen. Als Alternative zur statischen Berechnung können zerstörungsfreie messgestützte Verfahren verwendet werden. Das hierfür neu entwickelte Verfahren basiert auf Schwingungsmessungen und der Finite‐ElementeModellkalibrierung. Die Stabkräfte der Zugglieder im Fachwerk lassen sich anhand eines analytisch basierten Algorithmus unter Verwendung eines Vergleichs zwischen numerisch berechneten und experimentell ermittelten Eigenfrequenzen und Eigenschwingformen am Gesamttragwerk sowie ausgewählten Einzelstäben bestimmen. Für die getesteten Tragsysteme zeigte sich unter verschieden hohen Beanspruchungen eine sehr gute Übereinstimmung zwischen den im Versuch aufgebrachten und den mithilfe des entwickelten Verfahrens identifizierten Stabnormalkräften. Ferner werden im Beitrag Empfehlungen zur Erstellung eines Messkonzepts sowie Entwicklung von Bemessungsstrategien für In‐situ‐Untersuchungen und die Zustandsbewertung bestehender Stahlfachwerke angegeben.
Genetically Encoded Membranes for Bottom‐Up Biology
Authors: Vogele Kilian , Pirzer Tobias , Simmel Friedrich C. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe creation of self‐replicating cell‐mimicking systems – artificial cells – is one of the major goals of bottom‐up synthetic biology. An essential aspect of such systems is the realization of membranous compartments which can grow and divide in synchrony with the internal dynamics of the cells. Amphiphiles capable of forming membranes may be either externally provided to feed the growing compartments, or generated in situ through chemical processes. In the context of autonomously self‐replicating systems, genetically encoded membranes are of particular interest. Herein, we discuss typical approaches taken for the creation of cell‐like microcompartments via self‐assembly of amphiphiles. We specifically address some of the challenges associated with the generation of phospholipid or peptide‐based membranes via genetic and enzymatic processes.
A multi‐character analysis of Struthiopteris leads to the rescue of Spicantopsis (Blechnaceae, Polypodiopsida)
Authors: Molino Sonia , Gabriel y Galán Jose María , Sessa Emily B. , Wasowicz Pawel 
Published: August 2019

The family Blechnaceae is a moderately sized leptosporangiate fern lineage, with 24 genera and around 250 species. Struthiopteris accommodates small to medium‐sized, dimorphic, pinnate species. It is composed of six northern species: S. spicant is distributed in western parts of Europe and North America; S. fallax is endemic to Iceland; S. niponica, S. amabilis and S. castanea are endemic to Japan, and S. hancockii occurs in Japan and Taiwan. Due to the lack of a global review and to its highly interesting geographical distribution, this genus merits further study to clarify its taxonomy, species relationships, and distributional pattern. The present study aims to achieve the following goals: (a) identify and describe morphological characters supporting the taxonomy of Struthiopteris; (b) reconstruct a complete phylogeny for the genus; (c) study the biogeographical history of Struthiopteris at a global scale. The morphological study involved the observation of characters ranging from rhizome scales to spores over 164 individuals. Phylogenies were constructed applying ML and BI techniques over 51 newly produced sequences of three chloroplast markers (rbcL, trnL‐trnF, psbA‐trnH), using the species Blechnidium melanopus and Brainea insignis as closest relatives. For the molecular dating and historical biogeography analyses, we estimated and compared ancestral ranges under several models. Most of the morphological characters led us to discern two groups of species: the S. spicant group (S. spicant, S. fallax, and S. castanea) and the S. niponica group (the remaining species). In our molecular phylogeny, the supposed sister genus Blechnidium always appeared as nested within Struthiopteris, rendering this genus non‐monophyletic. The two groups identified by the morphology appeared as monophyletic clades within Struthiopteris, with the clade S. spicant more closely related to Blechnidium than to the clade S. niponica. For all these reasons, we propose to rescue the now‐disused genus Spicantopsis for the species belonging to the S. niponica group: indeed, this genus was created c. 100 years ago to reunite the same species S. amabilis, S. niponica, and S. hancockii. Our results suggest that all members of this group of genera (Blechnidium, Struthiopteris, Spicantopsis) emerged in East Asia about 85 mya, at a time when Japan was still part of the mainland. It appears that, for most of their history, the members of these genera have been confined to East Asia, with one dispersal to the Americas by an ancestor within Struthiopteris s.str., and additional dispersals to India and the Philippines by Blechnidium melanopus.
Engaging Vocabulary Units: A Flexible Instructional Model
Authors: Manyak Patrick C. , Latka Michelle K. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractDrawing on research‐informed principles for primary‐grade vocabulary instruction, the authors developed a series of engaging vocabulary units for a first‐grade class. The units, focused on the explicit teaching of target words and the efficient highlighting of larger sets of semantically related words, involved five complementary elements: reading aloud, explicit teaching of word meanings, rich discussion, independent extension activities, and informal assessment. These elements were implemented within whole‐class, small‐group, and independent center structures, worked synergistically to support students’ word learning, and promoted active student engagement. The authors describe three of the vocabulary units, present data used to document student learning, and discuss implications from the project for teachers searching for feasible, flexible ways to implement rich vocabulary instruction within densely packed daily schedules.
Prediction of odor complaints at a large composite reservoir in a highly urbanized area: A machine learning approach
Authors: Mulrow John , Kshetry Nina , Brose Dominic A. , Kumar Kuldip , Jain Darshan , Shah Mohil , Kunetz Thomas E. , Varshney Lav R. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractOdorous compound emissions and odor complaints from the public are rising concerns for agricultural, industrial, and water resource recovery facilities (WRRFs) near urban areas. Many facilities are deploying sensors that measure malodorous compounds and other factors related to odor creation and dispersion. Focusing on the Metropolitan Water Reclamation District of Greater Chicago's (MWRDGCs) Thornton Composite Reservoir (7.9 billion gallon capacity), we used meteorological, operational, and H2S sensor data to train a 3‐day advance‐warning predictor of local odor complaints, so as to implement targeted odor prevention measures. Using a machine learning approach, we bypassed difficulties in modeling both physical dispersion and human perception of odors. Utilizing random forest algorithms with varied settings and input attributes, we find that a small network of H2S sensors, meteorological data, and operational data are able to predict odor complaints three days in advance with greater than 60% accuracy and less than 25% false‐positive rates, exceeding MWRDGC’s standards required for full‐scale deployment.Practitioner points

A random forest algorithm trained on H2S, weather, and operations data successfully predicted odor complaints surrounding a large composite reservoir.

Thirty‐two data attribute combinations were tested. It was found that H2S sensor data alone are insufficient for predicting odor complaints.

The best predictor was a Random Forest Classifier trained on weather, operational, and H2S readings from the reservoir corner locations.

This study demonstrates odor complaint prediction capability utilizing a limited set of data sources and open‐source machine learning techniques.

Given a small network of H2S sensors and organized data management, WRRFs and similar facilities can conduct advance‐warning odor complaint prediction.
Moving Upstream: The Effect of Tobacco Clean Air Restrictions on Educational Inequalities in Smoking Among Young Adults
Authors: Hernandez Elaine M. , Vuolo Mike , Frizzell Laura C. , Kelly Brian C. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Education affords a range of direct and indirect benefits that promote longer and healthier lives and stratify health lifestyles. We use tobacco clean air policies to examine whether policies that apply universally—interventions that bypass individuals’ unequal access and ability to employ flexible resources to avoid health hazards—have an effect on educational inequalities in health behaviors. We test theoretically informed but competing hypotheses that these policies either amplify or attenuate the association between education and smoking behavior. Our results provide evidence that interventions that move upstream to apply universally regardless of individual educational attainment—here, tobacco clean air policies—are particularly effective among young adults with the lowest levels of parental or individual educational attainment. These findings provide important evidence that upstream approaches may disrupt persistent educational inequalities in health behaviors. In doing so, they provide opportunities to intervene on behaviors in early adulthood that contribute to disparities in morbidity and mortality later in the life course. These findings also help assuage concerns that tobacco clean air policies increase educational inequalities in smoking by stigmatizing those with the fewest resources.