bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stress and risk for depression in competitive athletes suffering from back pain – Do age and gender matter?†
Authors: Belz Johanna , Heidari Jahan , Levenig Claudia , Hasenbring Monika , Kellmann Michael , Kleinert Jens 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBack pain (BP), a prominent problem for competitive athletes, is a primary reason for limitations in athletic performance and daily life restrictions. As studies on the relationship between psychological variables and BP in athletes are scarce, the aim of this study was to investigate stress and depression in competitive athletes with BP. In a cross‐sectional design, data of 154 competitive athletes (51% female; Mage = 18.81 years, SDage = 5.05 years) were collected, assessing Performance stress, Socio‐emotional stress, Risk for depression and Psychological well‐being and the two BP parameters BP Intensity and Disability. Two multiple linear regressions were conducted to predict (1) BP Intensity and (2) Disability from Performance stress, Socio‐emotional stress, Risk for depression and Psychological well‐being. Multiple linear regressions demonstrated that Performance stress (β = .21, p = .01) was the only significant predictor of BP Intensity (F1,142 = 6.68, p = .01, R2 = .05), whilst Risk for depression (β = .24, p = .01) was the only significant predictor of Disability (F1,142 = 8.46, p = .01, R2 = .06). Neither gender nor age explained a significant amount of variance in the models. Study results showed that, as in the general population, the variables stress and depression are related to BP in competitive athletes. In particular, BP intensity was found to be associated with stress and BP‐related disability was associated with depression, whereas age and gender showed no association with the BP parameters. A longitudinal investigation is warranted to determine the direction of the observed relationships.
A comparative study of spatiotemporal patterns of urban expansion in six major cities of the Yangtze River Delta from 1980 to 2015
Authors: Fang Chenyu , Zhao Shuqing 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
China has been experiencing dramatic urbanization in parallel with its economic boom over the past three to four decades. The Yangtze River Delta (YRD), as the most important engine in the Chinese economy, has pioneered in the rapid urbanization road of China since the late 1970s. We quantified and compared the spatiotemporal patterns of urban expansion in six major cities in the YRD urban agglomeration between 1980 and 2015.
Outcomes:
We found that Shanghai, Nanjing, Hangzhou, Wuxi, Suzhou and Ningbo expanded by an annual rate of 5.4%, 5.9%, 9.6%, 7.4%, 6.3% and 8.1% from 1980 to 2015, suggesting larger cities generally possess lower growth rates. Spatiotemporal patterns of urban expansion are defined by multiple forces including physical conditions and urban planning and policy. The urbanization processes in Shanghai, Nanjing and Hangzhou generally conformed with the diffusion-coalescence theory as the number of patches (NP) and patch density (PD) of urbanized land peaked and the proportion of leapfrogging urban growth type began to decrease around 2005, which separating their urbanization processes into diffusion phase before and coalescence phase after. In contrast, Suzhou, Wuxi and Ningbo is either in the diffusion or in the transition phase from diffusion to coalescence, not showing temporal dynamics of diffusion-coalescence phase across the study period, which might be related to the fact that the urban areas in these three cities were more dispersive in space than that of other cities.
Conclusions:
These spatially explicit findings are the fundamental cornerstone to understand the characteristics, drivers and consequences of urban expansion in the urban agglomerations, and then detect the feasibility of general urbanization theories and further advance in-depth theoretical understanding to support a sustainable urban future.
Effect of Low Doped Calcium on the Magnetic Properties of La0.7Ba0.297Ca0.003MnO3 for Magnetocaloric Application
Authors: Kurniawan B , Winarsih S , Komala T 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Effect of low doped calcium concentration to the magnetic properties of La0.7Ba0.3MnO3 material has been reported in this paper. This compound was chosen because it has high potential to be applied in electronic devices. The most intensive research in the last decade is about magnetocaloric effect (MCE). Magnetic refrigeration will replace Freon R12 that is used in conventional refrigeration with magnetic material which has MCE properties. It is due to conventional refrigeration produce chlorofluorocarbons (CFC) and hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) gases which causes ozone depletion. The magnetic measurement was performed by using Vibrating Sample Magnetometer in the range of temperature between 300-400 K under external magnetic field until 20 kOe. By using derivative of magnetization as a function of temperature of the material’s result, Curie temperature (Tc
) of the material is 332.7 K. By using equation (5) for calculating magnetic field dependence of magnetization at various temperature result, magnetic entropy change value (ΔSM
) of the material can be obtained. The ΔSM
of the material is -2.928 Jkg-1K-1. The material has highest magnetic entropy change value around its Tc
. It is due to there is strong lattice spin coupling around its Tc
and would be weak at below and above its Tc
.
R&D Spending, Knowledge Capital, and Agricultural Productivity Growth: A Bayesian Approach
Authors: Baldos Uris Lantz C. , Viens Frederi G. , Hertel Thomas W. , Fuglie Keith O. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractIn this article, we employ Bayesian hierarchical modeling to better capture and communicate the uncertainties surrounding the transformation of U.S. public agricultural research and development (R&D) expenditures to knowledge capital stocks as well as its contribution to the historic growth of U.S. agricultural total factor productivity. Compared to studies based on classical statistics, analytical methods grounded in Bayesian inference explicitly incorporate existing information and permit revision of our knowledge regarding the distribution of the unknown model parameters as additional information becomes available. Bayesian hierarchical modeling is particularly useful in statistically estimating the underlying parameters of the R&D lag weight structure, as well as the R&D knowledge stocks given observed data on agricultural productivity and R&D expenditures. Our results show a significant level of uncertainty on the R&D lag weight structure, indicating that published assumptions about the R&D lag structure can now be tested and validated against available data. Estimating the R&D lag weights and knowledge stocks also make a large difference in the uncertainties surrounding economic returns from R&D investments. Indeed, our results show that the best‐fit linear model yields slightly higher mean returns to R&D spending relative to the log model results and have significantly less uncertainty. This suggests that marginal returns to U.S. public agricultural research spending might have remained relatively constant despite a century of growth in expenditure. Furthermore, we find that such investments could take a longer time to bear fruit than previously realized.
National Costs Associated With Methicillin-Susceptible and Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Hospitalizations in the United States, 2010–2014
Authors: Klein Eili Y , Jiang Wendi , Mojica Nestor , Tseng Katie K , McNeill Ryan , Cosgrove Sara E , Perl Trish M 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

Background
Infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) have been associated with worse patient outcomes and higher costs of care than methicillin-susceptible (MSSA) infections. However, since prior studies found these differences, the healthcare landscape has changed, including widespread dissemination of community-associated strains of MRSA. We sought to provide updated estimates of the excess costs of MRSA infections.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective analysis using data from the National Inpatient Sample from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality for the years 2010–2014. We calculated costs for hospitalizations, including MRSA- and MSSA-related septicemia and pneumonia infections, as well as MRSA- and MSSA-related infections from conditions classified elsewhere and of an unspecified site (“other infections”). Differences in the costs of hospitalization were estimated using propensity score–adjusted mortality outcomes for 2010–2014.

Results
In 2014, estimated costs were highest for pneumonia and sepsis-related hospitalizations. Propensity score–adjusted costs were significantly higher for MSSA-related pneumonia ($40725 vs $38561; P = .045) and other hospitalizations ($15578 vs $14792; P &lt; .001) than for MRSA-related hospitalizations. Similar patterns were observed from 2010 to 2013, although crude cost differences between MSSA- and MRSA-related pneumonia hospitalizations rose from 25.8% in 2010 to 31.0% in 2014. Compared with MSSA-related hospitalizations, MRSA-related hospitalizations had a higher adjusted mortality rate.

Conclusions
Although MRSA infections had been previously associated with higher hospitalization costs, our results suggest that, in recent years, costs associated with MSSA-related infections have converged with and may surpass costs of similar MRSA-related hospitalizations.
Whole-Exome Sequencing of an Exceptional Longevity Cohort
Authors: Nygaard Haakon B , Erson-Omay E Zeynep , Wu Xiujuan , Kent Brianne A , Bernales Cecily Q , Evans Daniel M , Farrer Matthew J , Vilariño-Güell Carles , Strittmatter Stephen M 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Centenarians represent a unique cohort to study the genetic basis for longevity and factors determining the risk of neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The estimated genetic contribution to longevity is highest in centenarians and super-cententenarians, but few genetic variants have been shown to clearly impact this phenotype. While the genetic risk for AD and other dementias is now well understood, the frequency of known dementia risk variants in centenarians is not fully characterized. To address these questions, we performed whole-exome sequencing on 100 individuals of 98–108 years age in search of genes with large effect sizes towards the exceptional aging phenotype. Overall, we were unable to identify a rare protein-altering variant or individual genes with an increased burden of rare variants associated with exceptional longevity. Gene burden analysis revealed three genes of nominal statistical significance associated with extreme aging, including LYST, MDN1, and RBMXL1. Several genes with variants conferring an increased risk for AD and other dementias were identified, including TREM2, EPHA1, ABCA7, PLD3, MAPT, and NOTCH3. Larger centenarian studies will be required to further elucidate the genetic basis for longevity, and factors conferring protection against age-dependent neurodegenerative syndromes.
Individualization and the Health Care Mosaic in Assisted Living
Authors: Kemp Candace L , Ball Mary M , Perkins Molly M 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesAssisted living (AL) is a popular residential long-term care option for frail older adults in the United States. Most residents have multiple comorbidities and considerable health care needs, but little is known about their health care arrangements, particularly over time. Our goal is to understand how health care is managed and experienced in AL by residents and their care network members.Research Design and MethodsThis grounded theory analysis focuses on the delivery of health care in AL. Qualitative data were gathered from 28 residents and 114 of their care network members followed over a 2-year period in 4 diverse settings as part of the larger study, “Convoys of Care: Developing Collaborative Care Partnerships in Assisted Living.”ResultsFindings show that health care in AL involves routine, acute, rehabilitative, and end-of-life care, is provided by residents, formal and informal caregivers, and occurs on- and off-site. Our conceptual model derived from grounded theory analysis, “individualizing health care,” reflects the variability found in care arrangements over time and the multiple, multilevel factors we identified related to residents and caregivers (e.g., age, health), care networks (e.g., size, composition), residences (e.g., ownership), and community and regulatory contexts. This variability leads to individualization and a mosaic of health care among AL residents and communities.Discussion and ImplicationsOur consideration of health care and emphasis on care networks draw attention to the importance of communication and need for collaboration within care networks as key avenues for improving care for this and other frail populations.
Flexible Lagrangians
Authors: Eliashberg Yakov , Ganatra Sheel , Lazarev Oleg 
Published: May 2018

AbstractWe introduce and discuss notions of regularity and flexibility for Lagrangian manifolds with Legendrian boundary in Weinstein domains. There is a surprising abundance of flexible Lagrangians. In turn, this leads to new constructions of Legendrians submanifolds and Weinstein manifolds. For instance, many closed n-manifolds of dimension n &gt; 2 can be realized as exact Lagrangian submanifolds of $T^{\ast }S^n$ with possibly exotic Weinstein symplectic structures. These Weinstein structures on $T^{\ast } S^n$, infinitely many of which are distinct, are formed by a single handle attachment to the standard 2n-ball along the Legendrian boundaries of flexible Lagrangians. We also formulate a number of open problems.
Advice Recipients
Authors: Van Swol Lyn M. , Paik Jihyun Esther , Prahl Andrew 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
This chapter examines the psychology of advice recipients, focusing on research predominantly conducted using the Judge Advisor System, in which a participant “judge” receives advice from one or more advisors but has ultimate responsibility for making the decision. First, it reviews methods of typical Judge Advisor System experiments. Next, it surveys the research to explore why decision makers often do not seek out advice, focusing on the costs of advice and decision-maker overconfidence. It then examines why decision makers underutilize the advice they receive due to factors like confirmation bias, egocentric discounting, and power. In addition, factors that increase the utilization of advice, such as trust, advisor confidence, and advisor expertise, are considered. Finally, the influence of advice-recipient power and reception to computerized advice are examined in depth. Finally, advice to decision makers about how to seek and utilize advice to make better decisions is provided.
Liberace’s Musical/Material Appeal
Authors: Raykoff Ivan 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Inspired by the celebrated pianist-bandleaders Eddy Duchin and Carmen Cavallaro and the cinematic technique of José Iturbi in Hollywood films, pianist-entertainer Liberace (1919–1987) developed a distinctive and highly successful aesthetic and performance style that prioritized visual spectacle and emphasized the tactile elements of his playing. As evident in his first Soundies from 1943, then his nationally syndicated television show in the 1950s, Liberace highlighted the physicality and materiality of his music-making, an approach that later evolved into the signature props and flashy costumes of his live stage shows. The new medium of television enabled Liberace to integrate the traditions of Romantic pianism with new genres of popular music in a highly embodied manner that appealed to his fans as much as it bothered his critics invested in music’s physical and material transcendence.
Development of a Pseudomonas putida cell-free protein synthesis platform for rapid screening of gene regulatory elements
Authors: Wang He , Li Jian , Jewett Michael C 
Published: May 2018

AbstractCell-free protein synthesis (CFPS) systems enable the production of protein without the use of living, intact cells. An emerging area of interest is to use CFPS systems to characterize individual elements for genetic programs [e.g. promoters, ribosome binding sites (RBS)]. To enable this research area, robust CFPS systems must be developed from new chassis organisms. One such chassis is the Gram-negative Pseudomonas bacteria, which have been studied extensively for their diverse metabolism with promises in the field of bioremediation and biosynthesis. Here, we report the development and optimization of a high-yielding (198 ± 5.9 µg/ml) batch CFPS system from Pseudomonas putida ATCC 12633. Importantly, both circular and linear DNA templates can be applied directly to the CFPS reaction to program protein synthesis. Therefore, it is possible to prepare hundreds or even thousands of DNA templates without time-consuming cloning work. This opens the possibility to rapidly assess and validate genetic part performance in vitro before performing experiments in cells. To validate the P. putida CFPS system as a platform for prototyping genetic parts, we designed and constructed a library consisting of 15 different RBSs upstream of the reporter protein sfGFP, which covered an order of magnitude range in expression. Looking forward, our P. putida CFPS platform will not only expand the protein synthesis toolkit for synthetic biology but also serve as a platform in expediting the screening and prototyping of gene regulatory elements.
The Relationship of Multiplanar Distal and Uniplanar Proximal Interlocking Screws to Neurovascular Structures with the Depuy Synthes Humeral Nail-EX: An Anatomic Study
Authors: Steinmetz Garrett , Tobey Jonathan , Skinner Spencer , Hickerson Lindsay 
Published: May 2018

Objective:
To determine the proximity of neurovascular structures to multiplanar distal interlocking screws and proximal interlocking devices for an antegrade inserted humeral nail.

Methods:
Humeral nails (Depuy Synthes Humeral Nail-EX, Paoli, PA) were inserted into 10 matched cadavers with 3 distal interlocking trajectories: anterior to posterior (A-P), anterolateral to posteromedial, and anteromedial to posterolateral (AM-PL). The distance of the screw path and screw head to the radial, lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve (LACN), and median nerves and the brachial artery was measured. Proximally, the distance of spiral blades and/or interlocking screws to the axillary nerve was measured.

Results:
The median distance of the screw path/screw head inserted (A-P) to the LACN was 0 mm/0 mm in the left arm and 3.5 mm/1.6 mm in the right arm. The median distance of the screw path/screw head inserted AM-PL to the median nerve was 7.08 mm/0 mm in the left arm and 0 mm/0.12 mm in the right arm. The median distance of the screw path/screw head inserted AM-PL to the brachial artery was 4.05 mm/3.83 mm in the left arm and 2.19 mm/2.84 mm in the right arm. The humeral head was radiographically divided into 3 zones. The average distances of the axillary nerve to interlocking devices placed into zone 2 and zone 3 of the humeral head are 14.65 mm and 1.07 mm, respectively.

Conclusions:
When using the DePuy Synthes Humeral Nail-EX, AM-PL screws may risk the median nerve and brachial artery; thus, this trajectory is not recommended. The LACN may be at risk with A-P and to a lesser degree, anterolateral to posteromedial screws. Proximally, interlocking devices in zone 3 of the humeral head may risk the axillary nerve.
Time-Driven Activity-Based Costing in Fracture Care: Is This a More Accurate Way to Prepare for Alternative Payment Models?
Authors: McCreary Dylan L. , White Melissa , Vang Sandy , Plowman Brad , Cunningham Brian P. 
Published: May 2018

Objectives:
To use surgical treatment of isolated ankle fractures as a model to compare time-driven activity-based costing (TDABC) and our institution's traditional cost accounting (TCA) method to measure true cost expenditure around a specific episode of care.

Methods:
Level I trauma center ankle fractures treated between 2012 and 2016 were identified through a registry. Inclusion criteria were age greater than 18 years and same-day ankle fracture operation. Exclusion criteria were pilon fractures, vascular injuries, soft-tissue coverage, and external fixation. Time for each phase of care was determined through repeated observations. The TCA method at our institution uses all hospital costs and allocates them to surgeries using a relative value method.

Results:
A total of 35 patients met the inclusion/exclusion criteria, 18 were men and 17 were women. Age at time of surgery was 47 ± 15 years. Time from injury to surgery was 10 ± 4 days. Operative time was 86 ± 30 minutes, Post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) time was 87 ± 27 minutes, and secondary recovery time was 100 ± 56 minutes. Average cost was significantly lower for the TDABC method ($2792 ± 734) than the TCA method ($5782 ± 1348) (P < 0.001). There was no difference between methods for implant cost ($882 ± 507 for Traditional Accounting (TA) and $957 ± 651 for TDABC, P = 0.593). TCA produced a significantly greater cost (P < 0.01) in every other category.

Conclusions:
As orthopaedics transitions to alternative payment models, accurate costing will become critical to maintaining a successful practice. TDABC may provide a better estimate of the cost of the resources necessary to treat a patient.
Revenue for Initial Orthopaedic Trauma Care: Effects of Patient and Injury Characteristics
Authors: Flanagan Christopher D. , Rascoe Alexander S. , Wang David M. , Vallier Heather A. 
Published: May 2018

Objective:
To characterize the charges and collections associated with the initial inpatient management of trauma patients who undergo operative fracture management.

Design:
Retrospective.

Setting:
Level 1 trauma center.

Participants:
Four hundred forty consecutive, adult, trauma patients.

Intervention:
Fixation for fracture of the spine, pelvis, acetabulum, and/or femur fractures.

Main Outcome Measures:
Professional and technical (facility) charges and collections from the initial inpatient management and 6 months of subsequent related care.

Results:
Patients were predominantly male (74.3%) and white (63.2%) with a mean age of 41 years and mean injury severity score of 18.5. Uninsured (self-pay) patients represented the largest payer class (35.0%), and 34.5% of all patients were unemployed. Professional and technical charges totaled US $12,382,028 (US $28,140/patient) and US $39,682,225 (US $90,187/patient), respectively. Injury severity score, longer lengths of stay (LOS), and the presence of a complication were positive predictors of initial charges (P < 0.0001; adjusted R
2 = 0.799). Professional and technical collections totaled US $2,418,096 (US $5,496/patient) and US $16,921,959 (US $38,459/patient) (percent of charge: 21.5% vs. 41.3%; P < 0.0001). Of the self-pay patients, 34.4% had no collections, resulting in potential lost revenue of US $2,513,988. Greater collections were predicted to occur in females, employed patients, and those with insurance (P < 0.0001; adjusted R
2 = 0.35).

Conclusions:
Trauma patients often present without insurance, which compromises hospital revenue. Expectedly, charges are higher in more severely injured patients, those with longer LOS, and those experiencing complications. A bundled model will proportionately decrease reimbursements for a given episode of care in the event of longer LOS or occurrence of complications.