bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cachexia and efficiency of trifluridine/thymidine phosphorylase inhibitor + bevacizumab in metastatic colorectal cancer
Authors: Shibutani Masatsune , Tanda Hideki , Seki Yuki , Kashiwagi Shinichiro , Nishiyama Tsuyoshi , Fukui Yasuhiro , Imanishi Daiki , Kasashima Hiroaki , Fukuoka Tatsunari , Maeda Kiyoshi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn later-line treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), there may be large differences in treatment efficacy depending on cancer cachexia. Recently, the cachexia index (CXI), which was calculated from the skeletal muscle mass index (SMI), serum albumin concentration, and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, was developed to evaluate cancer cachexia. We retrospectively examined the CXI of 80 patients who were treated with trifluridine/thymidine phosphorylase inhibitor (FTD/TPI) + bevacizumab (Bmab) therapy as a later-line treatment for mCRC, and assessed the impact of cancer cachexia on chemotherapeutic efficacy using CXI. Progression-free and overall survival rates were significantly worse in the low CXI group than in the high CXI group, although there were no marked differences in tumor factors, such as the number of metastatic organs or gene mutations, between the two groups. As the cross-sectional area of the iliopsoas muscle was significantly associated with that of the skeletal muscle, the accuracy of the CXI based on the psoas mass index (P-CXI), which is easier to calculate than the SMI, in predicting treatment outcomes was equivalent to that of the CXI based on the SMI (S-CXI). Cancer cachexia is an important factor related to treatment efficacy in later-line treatments, such as FTD/TPI + Bmab therapy.
Natural satellites database (NSDB) revisited
Authors: Arlot J.-E. , Varfolomeev M. I. , Emelyanov N. V. 
Published: October 2024

Context. Any study of the dynamics of the natural planetary satellites requires as many astrometric observations as possible. This type of work is partially made by each astronomer starting this type of study but it has never been done for all the natural planetary systems.
Aims. The goal of our work is to build a database of all available astrometric observations along with all the information needed for an efficient use of these data so that the astronomers interested in the dynamics of planetary satellites do not have to repeat the search for these data.
Methods. To do this, we sought and carefully read all the publications containing observational data, so that we are able to include the astrometric positions of satellites, the reference frame used by the observer, the corrections and reductions made, and timescale. Direct contact with observers was sometimes necessary to obtain raw unpublished data.
Results. A new database containing about 90% of all the observations that are useful for studying the dynamics of the planetary satellites is now available for the interested community of astronomers.
Be Curious. Try New Things
Authors: Thaler Johannes 
Published: October 2024

AbstractNot much is needed to get started in experimental hemostasis research. If you have not done so yet, just go to your institution's lab and ask whether you can use some of their equipment: pipette, centrifuge, microplate reader, and CaCl2, that's basically all you need. Then, let someone draw a vial of your blood and here you go, with your first blood clotting experiment. But, wait! One thing is still missing. To perform your first assay, you are advised to use a reagent that initiates clotting of your blood sample. Interested in contact activation? Wondering whether the presence of coagulation factor (F) XII really is unimportant (as indicated by the fact that a complete deficiency of FXII does not lead to bleeding)? Then do it the way Christian Kastrup and his research group did.1 Grab your backpack and collect soil and clay in the nearby countryside. Back in the lab, crush the collected soil and clay samples and add a small amount of each sample to your aliquoted blood plasma sample, then add CaCl2, and measure the plasma clotting time on the microplate reader (do not forget the negative control, i.e., the addition of buffer to plasma instead of soil or clay sample). Likely, you will detect a massive reduction of the plasma clotting time when adding soil or clay (which you may also call “dirt”) to the recalcified aliquoted plasma samples. Doing so, you just have found further evidence for the dirty-wound hypothesis of coagulation function as proposed by Brian Cooley recently.2 He explained that dirt is an unavoidable ingredient of open wounds of land-based animals, and that coagulation is activated by dirt via FXII. Still believe that FXII is irrelevant? Interesting, isn't it? Before you swing the pipette, you might also be inspired by the exciting research presented in this theme issue of Hämostaseologie entitled “Coagulation Diagnostics beyond Routine.”
Geschlechtsspezifische und geschlechtsübergreifende Gründe für die
Berufswahl „Chirurg*in“ – ein Scoping Review
Authors: Hirsch Johanna , Bäcker Vanessa , Schüttpelz-Brauns Katrin 
Published: October 2024

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Die Verfügbarkeit von hochqualifiziertem chirurgischen Personal
in Deutschland ist seit Jahren eine Herausforderung. Trotz verschiedener
Initiativen, um die Attraktivität der chirurgischen Weiterbildungen zu erhöhen,
bestehen weiterhin Probleme, motivierte und qualifizierte Ärzt*innen für die
Chirurgie zu gewinnen. Um passgenaue Angebote zur Nachwuchsgewinnung zu
entwickeln, müssen die Entscheidungsfaktoren bekannt sein.
Ziel Darstellung der geschlechtsspezifischen und geschlechtsübergreifenden
Gründe für die Wahl einer chirurgischen Facharztweiterbildung.
Methode Im Rahmen eines Scoping Reviews wurden über PubMed sowie einer
anschließenden Rückwärtssuche Studien zur Beantwortung der Forschungsfrage
identifiziert. Die aus den Studien extrahierten Daten wurden narrativ
zusammenfasst und Kategorien herausgearbeitet.
Ergebnisse Die Auswertung von 12 Studien ergab, dass Männer und Frauen
aufgrund der Merkmale des chirurgischen Fachs, personenbezogener Faktoren und
Faktoren der Weiterbildungsstelle Chirurg*in werden möchten.
Geschlechtsspezifische Unterschiede konnten ebenfalls identifiziert werden. Es
werden konkrete Maßnahmen vorgeschlagen, um Nachwuchs in der Chirurgie zu
fördern.
Analyse der Todesarten vor und nach staatsanwaltschaftlichen
Ermittlungen in Baden-Württemberg
Authors: Gonser Theodor , Spannenkrebs Monika , Foell Michael 
Published: October 2024

ZusammenfassungSchwierigkeiten bei der Todesursachendiagnose wurden in der Literatur vielfach
thematisiert. Studien zur Qualitätssicherung der Feststellung der Todesart und
die Ergebnisse staatsanwaltlicher Ermittlungen sind jedoch rar. In der
vorliegenden Arbeit wurden die Daten von sechs Gesundheitsämtern in
Baden-Württemberg zu sämtlichen Todesfällen der Jahre 2016–2018 analysiert. Es
fanden sich zwischen den einzelnen Staatsanwaltsbezirken signifikante
Unterschiede hinsichtlich der im Rahmen der ärztlichen Leichenschau
festgestellten Todesart. In 6,3 [4,5–7,4]% aller Todesfälle leiteten die
Staatsanwaltschaften Ermittlungen ein. Bei 6,0 [4,3–8,5]% dieser Ermittlungen
wurde eine Obduktion veranlasst. Ein signifikanter Unterschied zwischen den
Staatsanwaltsbezirken konnte dabei nicht nachgewiesen werden.
Splenic injury associated with colonoscopy in hospitalized patients: Incidence, risk factors, management, and outcome
Authors: Koop Herbert , Skupnik Christoph , Schnoor Torsten , Horenkamp-Sonntag Dirk 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background and study aims The frequency of splenic injuries due to coloscopy is largely unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to give estimate the risk for hospitalized patients.
Patients and methods Using the administrative database from a health insurance company with more than 10 million insured subjects, patients undergoing inpatient colonoscopy associated with a splenic injury within 2 weeks were retrieved from the administrative records based upon OPS (comparable to International Classification of Procedures in Medicine) and ICD-10 codes. In each case identified (n = 141), the individual course of the hospital stay was reconstructed and analyzed by two experienced physicians. Patients with overt other causes of splenic injuries (e. g. abominal surgery, trauma etc.) were not further evaluated.
Results Among 190,927 total colonoscopies over a 5-year period, 27 splenic lesions were most likely solely due to colonoscopy. This accounts for 14.1 splenic injuries per 100,000 colonoscopies or one lesion in 7,071 patients. Afflicted patients were older and more likely to be female than male (risk in females: 1 in 5,324 colonoscopies). Surgical interventions were carried out in 17 cases, predominantly splenectomy (n = 15) whereas 10 events were managed conservatively. Transfusions and requirement for intensive care unit treatment were strong predictors of need for surgery. Most lesions (74%) were diagnosed within 48 hours after colonoscopy. Death occurred in two patients, but less likely directly due to the splenic injury.
Conclusions Administrative data analysis suggests that splenic injuries due to colonoscopy are more frequent than previously estimated. Endoscopists should be aware of this rare life-threatening adverse event.
Effects of dietary phytase supplementation on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and blood metabolites of weaned piglets
Authors: Kinara Elick , Tajudeen Habeeb , Hosseindoust Abdolreza , Mun Jun Young , Ha Sang Hun , Park Se Rin , Lee Choon Han , Bindhu Lakshmibai Vasanthakumari , Tan Justin , Kim Jin Soo 
Published: October 2024

Context Phytase plays a crucial role in the nutrition of piglets. Incorporating phytase into weaner pigs’ diet may alleviate the anti-nutritional effect by catalyzing the hydrolysis of phytic acid. As a result, bounded phosphorus and other minerals become more available for absorption, thereby enhancing nutrient utilization growth performance. Aims This study evaluated the efficacy of dietary phytase supplementation on the performance of weaned piglets. Methods Two hundred and forty cross-bred piglets (Yorkshire × Landrace × Duroc), of initial average bodyweight (BW) of 5.57 ± 1 kg at weaning, were assigned to five dietary treatments in a complete randomized block design. The study was conducted in the following three phases: Phase 1 (Days 1–7), Phase 2 (Days 8–21), and Phase 3 (Days 22–35). The treatments included basal diet containing 0.15% lower concentration of both total calcium and total phosphorus (NC), a standard basal diet (PC), NC + 500 phytase units per kilogram of feed (NC500), NC + 1000 phytase units per kilogram of feed (NC1000), and NC + 1500 phytase units per kilogram of feed (NC1500). Key results In Phase 1, the final BW was higher (P < 0.01) in PC and the phytase-supplemented diets than in the NC treatment. In Phase 2, Phase 3, and the overall days the average daily gain (ADG) and gain-to-feed ratio (G:F) were greater (P < 0.05) in the PC and the phytase-supplemented diets than in the NC treatments. The ADG and G:F were also higher (P < 0.01) in the phytase-supplemented diets than in the NC treatment. The digestibility of calcium, phosphorus, and blood myo-inositol was higher (P < 0.05) in the phytase-supplemented diets than in the NC treatment in Phase 2. In Phase 3, the level of blood myo-inositol was higher (P < 0.01) in the phytase-supplemented diets than in NC. Fecal inositol hexakisphosphate was lower (P < 0.01) in the phytase-supplemented diets than in NC in both Phases 1 and 2. Conclusion Dietary supplementation of phytase increased the digestibility of phytate by releasing phosphorus, calcium, and myo-inositol concentration, leading to improved growth performance. Implications Inclusion of phytase in pig diets can help farmers save money on feed additives such as phosphorus, improve environmental sustainability, and promote better growth performance.
MIMC-β: microdosimetric assessment method for internal exposure of β-emitters based on mesh-type cell cluster model
Authors: Wang Yidi , Tang Bo , Li Xinlei , Kong Xianghui , Wang Xinjie , Yan Kaijin , Tu Yu , Sun Liang 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The method combining Monte Carlo (MC) simulation and mesh-type cell models provides a way to accurately assess the cellular dose induced by β-emitters. Although this approach allows for a specific evaluation of various nuclides and cell type combinations, the associated time cost for obtaining results is relatively high. In this work, we propose a Microdosimetric assessment method for Internal exposure of β-emitters based on Mesh-type Cell cluster models (abbreviated as MIMC-β). This approach is applied to evaluate the dose in various types of cells (human bronchial epithelial cells, BEAS-2B; normal human liver cells, L-O2; and normal human small intestine epithelial cells, FHs74Int) exposed to β-emitters. Furthermore, microdosimetric quantity based on the cell cluster model are employed to estimate the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of β-emitters. The results indicate that this method can accurately and rapidly predict cellular doses caused by different types of β-emitters, significantly mitigating the efficiency challenges associated with directly employing MC to estimate the overall dose of the mesh-type cell cluster model. In comparison with results obtained from direct simulations of uniform administration of β- sources using PHITS for validation, the cellular cluster overall S-values obtained through MIMC-β show discrepancies mostly below 5%, with the minimum deviation reaching 1.35%. Small sampling sizes within the cell nucleus led to larger average lineal energies. In comparison to C-14, the differences in cellular cluster average lineal energy for Cs-134, Cs-137, and I-131 are negligible, resulting in close numerical estimations of RBE based on lineal energy. The MIMC-β can be extended to diverse cell types and β-emitters. Additionally, the RBE assessment based on the cell cluster model offers valuable insights for predicting radiobiological damage resulting from internal exposure by β-emitters. This method is expected to find applicability in various realistic scenarios, including radiation protection and radioligand therapy.
Comment on ‘Electromagnetic lensing using the Aharonov–Bohm effect’
Authors: Lentzen Markus 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Recently, Schreiber et al (2024 New J. Phys.
26 043012) have presented the theory of an electron lens acting through the Aharonov–Bohm effect in the field-free opening of a static toroidal magnetic field. In this Comment, three key results of this theory are shown to be incorrect due to six basic calculation errors. The errors are corrected, and three correspondingly modified key results are derived. These results are discussed with respect to the hypothetical lens effect and the underlying Aharonov–Bohm effect.
Multiple electromechanical coupling in wrinkled monolayer MoS2
Authors: Liu Junjie , Liao Wenhu , He Yan , Dong Jiansheng , Ouyang Gang 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The electromechanical coupling of two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) is crucial for the design of highly efficient optoelectronic devices. However, achieving multiple electromechanical coupling effects in one 2D material remain a major challenge. Here, we investigate the coexistence of energy funneling, piezoelectricity, and flexoelectricity in wrinkled monolayer TMDs through the atomic-bond-relaxation approach. We find that the periodic undulation strain induced by wrinkles can lead to multiple electromechanical coupling properties. The synergistic interaction of energy funneling, piezoelectric, and flexoelectric effects can result in spatially isolated electron and hole transport, as well as the suppression of recombination during charge separation and transport processes. Our study provides a new route for the design of 2D material-based optoelectronic devices.
On the effectiveness of the collapse in the Diósi–Penrose model
Authors: Figurato Laria , Dirindin Marco , Luis Gaona-Reyes José , Carlesso Matteo , Bassi Angelo , Donadi Sandro 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The possibility that gravity plays a role in the collapse of the quantum wave function has been considered in the literature, and it is of relevance not only because it would provide a solution to the measurement problem in quantum theory, but also because it would give a new and unexpected twist to the search for a unified theory of quantum and gravitational phenomena, possibly overcoming the current impasse. The Diósi–Penrose model is the most popular incarnation of this idea. It predicts a progressive breakdown of quantum superpositions when the mass of the system increases; as such, it is susceptible to experimental verification. Current experiments set a lower bound

R
0

≳
4

Å  for the free parameter of the model, excluding some versions of it. In this work we search for an upper bound, coming from the request that the collapse is effective enough to guarantee classicality at the macroscopic scale: we find out that not all macroscopic systems collapse effectively. If one relaxes this request, a reasonable (although to some degree arbitrary) bound is found to be:

R
0

≲

10
6

Å. This will serve to better direct future experiments to further test the model.
Optimized YOLOv8 based on SGW for surface defect detection of silicon wafer
Authors: Zhu Guanqun , Peng Jinsong , Sheng Lianchao , Chen Tianchi , He Zhenzhi , Lu Xiangning 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Wafer detection is a critical procedure in IC manufacturing. Deep learning models are extensively used to identify the wafer defects. The key issue is how to recognize the small defects in complex backgrounds reducing the probability of misjudge and enhancing the detection accuracy. To solve the problems, we proposed a new detection model, SGW-YOLOv8 (SimAM-GhostConv-Wise IOU), based on the YOLOv8 model. The SimAM attention mechanism was added to enhance the network’s focus on important positions without increase of the parameter numbers. The GhostConv improved the backbone network, and the Wise-IOU (Weighted Intersection over Union) loss function was introduced to address the deviation of evaluation results caused by the traditional loss function. Moreover, an additional detection head was appended to YOLOv8 to improve the model’s capability of recognizing small targets. The dataset containing six types of defects was established by generating 6000 images of silicon wafers. The experimental results demonstrated that the mAP@0.5 of SGW-YOLOv8 increased by 4.8% compared to YOLOv8, and the model parameters are decreased by 11.8%. Therefore, the proposed SGW-YOLOv8 model is potential for wafer detection in IC industry.
Research on optimizing the optical local-oscillator power of Coherent Doppler LiDAR to enhance wind velocity measurements
Authors: Hu Yalin , Xie Chenbo , Zhou Hui , Xing Kunming , Wang Bangxin , Wang Yingjian 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Due to weak echo signals that become progressively
overwhelmed by noise, measurement accuracy and effective detection
range of the Coherent Doppler wind LiDAR (CDL) are often
compromised. While increasing the optical local-oscillator power
(OLP) can amplify the echo signal, it is constrained by the
nonlinear effects of the detector. This paper introduces a method
for optimizing the OLP in CDL systems. Theoretical analysis has been
proposed to explore the amplification effect of OLP on echo signals,
and the nonlinear effects of detectors have been
studied. Simulations are performed to explore the influence of
varying OLP on the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) across different
detector α (quadratic nonlinear coefficient) values. The
spectral analysis method is used to directly compute the SNR of
actual atmospheric wind field signals under various OLP
settings. Results demonstrate consistency between calculated and
simulated values, enabling determination of optimal OLP and the
detector α values from fitted curves. Comparative experiments
confirm significant enhancement in effective detection range
(> 1.5 km) with ± 0.5 m/s accuracy. The innovation of this
study lies in combining the OLP optimization method with real
atmospheric wind field echo signal experiments. It addresses the
challenges of directly measuring the nonlinear parameters of the
detector and determining the optimal OLP. This study offers valuable
theoretical and experimental insights for enhancing the wind
measurement performance of CDL.
Impact of graded CIGS absorber layer on Cd-free CIGS thin-film solar cell performance: numerical optimization
Authors: Lahoual Mohamed , Bourennane Mohammed , Aidaoui Lakhdar , Tibermacine Toufik 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This paper investigates replacing the CdS buffer layer with (Zn, Mg)O and Zn(S, O) double buffer layers. To increase the efficiency of the structure, our strategy involves numerically studying and comparing three types of CIGS bandgap absorber layers:flat band, double gradient bandgap (DG) with a high bandgap near the Mo contact (back side), a low bandgap near the buffer layer (front side), and a minimum bandgap between them, and simple gradient bandgap with a high bandgap near the Mo contact (back side) and a low bandgap near the buffer layer (front side). Each type features different linear graded profiles in the thickness direction to determine the optimal bandgap gradient of the CIGS layer. The performance of the three types is numerically analyzed using the solar cell capacitance simulator-1D simulator. Simulation enables us to test multiple structural combinations efficiently, saving both time and money, while providing results that guide experimental research. The proposed device structure is composed of the following layers: ZnO:Al/n-Zn1−x
Mg
x
O/n-ZnS
x
O1−x
/p-Graded-CuIn1−x
Ga
x
Se2/Mo. To study the effects of linear bandgap gradient distribution of

Ga/

(

Ga

+

In

)

ratio according to the thickness direction on CIGS solar cell performance, the electrical properties of the proposed CIGS model were initially matched with experimental data to confirm the structure’s accuracy. It was found that the DG, with maxima of 1.44 eV at the back side (near Mo contact), 1.238 eV at the front side (near n-type buffer layer interface), and a minimum of 1.154 eV at a position of 1.7 µm from the back side, has a higher efficiency than the other structures with 26.22% (Voc = 0.8134 V, Jsc = 37.82 mA cm−2, FF = 85.21%). Optimizing the bandgap gradient of the CIGS absorber layer helps improve the efficiency of CIGS solar cells.
Wigner function and intensity moments of spatio-temporal light fields
Authors: Bekshaev A , Angelsky O , Zenkova C 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The Wigner distribution function and its spatial-angular moments (intensity moments) are known to be efficient instruments for the characterization of complex quasimonochromatic light beams and their transformations. In this paper, a generalization of the Wigner function (WF)-based approach to spatio-temporal (ST) light fields (wave packets, short pulses) is considered. The ST intensity moments are related to important characteristics of the wave-packet structure, especially, with the transverse orbital angular momentum (OAM) being a specific feature of the ST optical vortices (STOVs). The ST moments’ transformations in a paraxial optical system obey simple and unified rules involving the ray-transfer ABCD-matrix of the system. On this basis, and with simple examples of OAM-carrying optical pulses, the schemes and mechanisms of STOV generation and transformation are presented. Examples of nonvortex ST wave packets with transverse OAM, their possible realizations, and the relations between the OAM and the visible pulse rotations are also discussed. The regular and unified formalism, developed in this paper, can be generalized and applied to more complex situations where the ST field propagates through inhomogeneous and random (scattering) media.