bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genomic analysis reveals genes affecting distinct phenotypes among different Chinese and western pig breeds
Authors: Zhang Zhe , Xiao Qian , Zhang Qian-qian , Sun Hao , Chen Jiu-cheng , Li Zheng-cao , Xue Ming , Ma Pei-pei , Yang Hong-jie , Xu Ning-ying , Wang Qi-shan , Pan Yu-chun 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe differences in artificial and natural selection have been some of the factors contributing to phenotypic diversity between Chinese and western pigs. Here, 830 individuals from western and Chinese pig breeds were genotyped using the reduced-representation genotyping method. First, we identified the selection signatures for different pig breeds. By comparing Chinese pigs and western pigs along the first principal component, the growth geneIGF1R; the immune genesIL1R1,IL1RL1,DUSP10,RAC3andSWAP70; the meat quality-related geneSNORA50and the olfactory geneOR1F1were identified as candidate differentiated targets. Further, along a principal component separating Pudong White pigs from others, a potential causal gene for coat colour (EDNRB) was discovered. In addition, the divergent signatures evaluated byFstwithin Chinese pig breeds found genes associated with the phenotypic features of coat colour, meat quality and feed efficiency among these indigenous pigs. Second, admixture and genomic introgression analysis were performed. Shan pigs have introgressed genes from Berkshire, Yorkshire and Hongdenglong pigs. The results of introgression mapping showed that this introgression conferred adaption to the local environment and coat colour of Chinese pigs and the superior productivity of western pigs.
Predicting IDH genotype in gliomas using FET PET radiomics
Authors: Lohmann Philipp , Lerche Christoph , Bauer Elena K. , Steger Jan , Stoffels Gabriele , Blau Tobias , Dunkl Veronika , Kocher Martin , Viswanathan Shivakumar , Filss Christian P. , Stegmayr Carina , Ruge Maximillian I. , Neumaier Bernd , Shah Nadim J. , Fink Gereon R. , Langen Karl-Josef , Galldiks Norbert 
Published: August 2018

AbstractMutations in the isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH mut) gene have gained paramount importance for the prognosis of glioma patients. To date, reliable techniques for a preoperative evaluation of IDH genotype remain scarce. Therefore, we investigated the potential of O-(2-[18F]fluoroethyl)-L-tyrosine (FET) PET radiomics using textural features combined with static and dynamic parameters of FET uptake for noninvasive prediction of IDH genotype. Prior to surgery, 84 patients with newly diagnosed and untreated gliomas underwent FET PET using a standard scanner (15 of 56 patients with IDH mut) or a dedicated high-resolution hybrid PET/MR scanner (11 of 28 patients with IDH mut). Static, dynamic and textural parameters of FET uptake in the tumor area were evaluated. Diagnostic accuracy of the parameters was evaluated using the neuropathological result as reference. Additionally, FET PET and textural parameters were combined to further increase the diagnostic accuracy. The resulting models were validated using cross-validation. Independent of scanner type, the combination of standard PET parameters with textural features increased significantly diagnostic accuracy. The highest diagnostic accuracy of 93% for prediction of IDH genotype was achieved with the hybrid PET/MR scanner. Our findings suggest that the combination of conventional FET PET parameters with textural features provides important diagnostic information for the non-invasive prediction of the IDH genotype.
Streamlining volumetric multi-channel image cytometry using hue-saturation-brightness-based surface creation
Authors: Tan Yingrou , Li Jackson Liang Yao , Goh Chi Ching , Lee Bernett Teck Kwong , Kwok Immanuel Weng Han , Ng Wei Jie , Evrard Maximilien , Poidinger Michael , Tey Hong Liang , Ng Lai Guan 
Published: August 2018

AbstractImage cytometry is the process of converting image data to flow cytometry-style plots, and it usually requires computer-aided surface creation to extract out statistics for cells or structures. One way of dealing with structures stained with multiple markers in three-dimensional images, is carrying out multiple rounds of channel co-localization and image masking before surface creation, which is cumbersome and laborious. We propose the application of the hue-saturation-brightness color space to streamline this process, which produces complete surfaces, and allows the user to have a global view of the data before flexibly defining cell subsets. Spectral compensation can also be performed after surface creation to accurately resolve different signals. We demonstrate the utility of this workflow in static and dynamic imaging datasets of a needlestick injury on the mouse ear, and we believe this scalable and intuitive approach will improve the ease of performing histocytometry on biological samples.
Generation and measurement of sub-micrometer relativistic electron beams
Authors: Borrelli Simona , Orlandi Gian Luca , Bednarzik Martin , David Christian , Ferrari Eugenio , Guzenko Vitaliy A. , Ozkan-Loch Cigdem , Prat Eduard , Ischebeck Rasmus 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe generation of low-emittance electron beams has received significant interest in recent years. Driven by the requirements of X-ray-free electron lasers, the emittance of photocathode injectors has been reduced significantly, with corresponding increase in beam brightness. This has put increasingly stringent requirements on the instrumentation to measure the beam size. These requirements are even more stringent for novel accelerator developments, such as laser-driven accelerators based on dielectric structures or on a plasma. We present here the generation and measurement of a sub-micrometer electron beam, at a particle energy of 330 MeV, and a bunch charge below 1 pC. An electron-beam optics with a vertical β-function of a few millimeters has been setup. The beam is characterized through a wire scanner that employs a 1 μm wide metallic structure fabricated using the electron-beam lithography. The smallest (rms) transverse beam size presented here is <500 nm.
Wideband internal PIFA‐loop antenna designed on the bezel of digital television applications for UHF band
Authors: Van Trinh Thai , Kim Gyonyun , Kim Jungjin , Won Jung Chang 
Published: August 2018

A simple internal antenna that combines a planar inverted F antenna (PIFA) and a loop antenna to achieve wideband (BW ∼ 48%) operation in ultra‐high frequency (UHF: 470–771 MHz) band for digital television (DTV) applications is presented. The design allows the installation of an antenna within a TV model, thereby addressing the limitations of space. The 49‐inch DTV is used for the practical implementation experiment. The TV bezel (made of polycarbonate‐acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (PC‐ABS): εr = 3.5; tan δ = 0.005) is used as the substrate for the antenna design. The antenna is placed on the top edge of the TV model. With the combination of the PIFA mode and loop mode operations, the operating bandwidth of the proposed PIFA‐loop antenna is significantly broadened. The measured results show that the proposed antenna has wide bandwidth of about 410 MHz (460–870 MHz) and suitable radiation performance with higher than 2.2 dBi of peak gain and 47% of efficiency within the operating bandwidth.
220–325 GHz high‐isolation SPDT switch in InP DHBT technology
Authors: Shivan T. , Hossain M. , Stoppel D. , Weimann N. , Boppel S. , Doerner R. , Heinrich W. , Krozer V. 
Published: August 2018

A broadband single‐pole‐double‐throw (SPDT) switch is presented covering 220–325 GHz in 800 nm transferred substrate InP DHBT technology. The SPDT switch configuration employs shunt‐topology. The circuit achieves an isolation of >36 dB within the band with very low DC power of 9 mW, benefitting from the low intrinsic capacitance of the transistors. This is the highest reported isolation for wideband SPDT switches covering 220–325 GHz. This three‐stage SPDT switch also demonstrates the highest isolation of 12 dB per stage in this frequency range.
Design, fabrication and characterisation of Si‐based capillary‐driven microfluidic devices
Authors: Ye Yifei , Zhao Yang , Cheng Jie , Li Mingxiao , Huang Chengjun 
Published: August 2018

Capillary‐driven microfluidic devices have a great potential for the point‐of‐care testing systems based on the advantages of self‐pumping, low reagent usage and rapid detection. Here, the study presents a lidless Si‐based capillary‐driven microfluidic device, comprising two inlets for sample and buffer loading, a snake‐shaped microchannel (120/0.05/0.025 mm in length/width/depth) as a flow resistor, a micropillar array (25/5/8 μm in height/diameter/pitch) as a capillary pump and a vent. It was fabricated with lithographic technique in combination with deep Si etch technique. A simple and stable surface hydrophilisation modification method was demonstrated on the device by forming a self‐assembly monolayer through Cu‐catalysed azide‐alkyne cycloaddition reaction. The surface modified device allowed controllable autonomous capillary flow delivery with a contact angle of around 40° stabilised for at least 90 days. The design of two inlets with one common long snake‐shaped microchannel provided the sequential capillary flow generation and propagation with controlled flow rate and propagation distance, while the micropillar array with a high aspect ratio of 5 was considered as an effective capillary pump. Based on the obtained results, the proposed device makes possible for the on‐chip biosensing applications as a part of integrated point‐of‐care testing systems.
The hunt for self-similar core collapse
Authors: Pavlík Václav , Šubr Ladislav 
Published: August 2018

Context. Core collapse is a prominent evolutionary stage of self-gravitating systems. In an idealised collisionless approximation, the region around the cluster core evolves in a self-similar way prior to the core collapse. Thus, its radial density profile outside the core can be described by a power law, ρ ∝ r−α.
Aims. We aim to find the characteristics of core collapse in N-body models. In such systems, a complete collapse is prevented by transferring the binding energy of the cluster to binary stars. The contraction is, therefore, more difficult to identify.
Methods. We developed a method that identifies the core collapse in N-body models of star clusters based on the assumption of their homologous evolution.
Results. We analysed different models (equal- and multi-mass), most of which exhibit patterns of homologous evolution, yet with significantly different values of α : the equal-mass models have α ≈ 2.3, which agrees with theoretical expectations, the multi-mass models have α ≈ 1.5 (yet with larger uncertainty). Furthermore, most models usually show sequences of separated homologous collapses with similar properties. Finally, we investigated a correlation between the time of core collapse and the time of formation of the first hard binary star. The binding energy of such a binary usually depends on the depth of the collapse in which it forms, for example from 100 kT to 104 kT in the smallest equal-mass to the largest multi-mass model, respectively. However, not all major hardenings of binaries happened during the core collapse. In the multi-mass models, we see large transfers of binding energy of ∼104 kT to binaries that occur on the crossing timescale and outside of the periods of the homologous collapses.
Efficacy of Add-on Pregabalin in the Treatment of Patients with Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Unipolar Major Depression With an Early Nonresponse to Escitalopram: A Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Study
Authors: Fountoulakis Konstantinos N. , Karavelas Vangelis , Moysidou Stefania , Mavridis Dimitris , Pastiadis Konstantinos , Petalidou Nicole , Nimatoudis Ioannis , Kasper Siegfried 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Introduction This study tests the efficacy of pregabalin versus placebo as adjunctive treatment in patients with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) comorbid with unipolar major depression (UMD) and with an early nonresponse to escitalopram.
Methods This is a double-blind, placebo-controlled 8-week add-on study of pregabalin, 75–600 mg/day (n=31) versus placebo (n=29) on open-label escitalopram in outpatients meeting the DSM-IV-TR criteria for GAD and UMD. The main outcome measures were change from baseline to endpoint in total STAI-S, Trail-Making Test B (TMT-B) and the Center of Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). Also changes in the parameters of the pupil’s reaction to light stimuli.
Results There was no significant difference in any of the primary or secondary outcomes or response and remission rates concerning any analysis (last observation carried-forward of at least visit 2 or completers) between the 2 treatment arms. One additional finding of the current study is that adding pregabalin does not have a significant effect on autonomic function.
Discussion This study does not support the usefulness of adding pregabalin in patients with GAD and UMD and with an early nonresponse to escitalopram (EudraCT Number: 2012-004062-17, Sponsor’s Protocol Code Number: WS1702721).
Low Molecular Weight Heparin and Compression Stockings in the Prevention of Venous Thromboembolism in Neurosurgery
Authors: Nurmohamed M T , van Riel A M , Henkens C M A , Koopman M M W , Que G T H , D’Azemar P , Büller H R , ten Cate J W , Hoek J A , van der Meer J , van der Heul C , Turpie A G G , Haley S , Sicurella J , Gent M 
Published: August 2018

SummaryPerioperative anticoagulant prophylaxis for postoperative venous thromboembolism (VTE) in neurosurgical patients has not gained wide acceptance due to the fear of intracranial bleeding. Physical methods give a worthwhile reduction of postoperative VTE but there still remains a substantial residual incidence. In other clinical indications, low molecular weight heparins have proven to be effective for prophylaxis of VTE when administered postoperatively, with the advantage of no bleeding enhancement during surgery.Therefore, we performed a multicentre, randomized, double-blind trial in neurosurgical patients to investigate the efficacy and safety of adding a low molecular weight heparin (LMWH), nadroparin, initiated postoperatively, to graduated compression stockings in the prevention of VTE. Deep-vein thrombosis was detected by mandatory venography. Bleeding was determined according to pre-defined objective criteria for major and minor episodes.An adequate bilateral venogram was obtained in 166 of 241 LMWH patients (68.9%) and 179 of 244 control patients (73.4%). A total of 31 of 166 LMWH patients (18.7%) and 47 of 179 control patients (26.3%) had VTE up to Day 10 postoperatively (p = 0.047). The relative risk reduction (RRR) was 28.9%. The rates for proximal deep-vein thrombosis/pulmonary embolism were 6.9% and 11.5% for the two groups, respectively (RRR: 40.2%; p = 0.065).Secondary analyses involved all VTE up to day 56 post-surgery which was detected in 33 patients of 241 in the LMWH group (13.7%) and 51 of 244 control patients (20.9%; RRR 34.5%; p = 0.018). The corresponding percentages for proximal deep-vein thrombosis/pulmonary embolism were 5.8% and 10.2% for the two groups, respectively, giving a RRR of 43.3%; p = 0.036. Major bleeding complications, during the treatment period, occurred in six low molecular weight heparin treated patients (2.5%) and in two control patients (0.8%); p = 0.087.A higher mortality was observed in the low molecular weight heparin group over the 56-day follow-up period (22 versus 10; p = 0.026). However, none of these deaths was judged by a blinded adjudication committee to be related to the study drug.In conclusion, this study demonstrates that the low molecular weight heparin, nadroparin, added to graduated compression stockings results in a clinically significant decrease in VTE without inducing any significant increase of major bleeding.
Feasibility of Using Recombinant Factor VIIa in Continuous Infusion
Authors: Schulman S , Jensen M Bech , Varon D , Keller N , Gitel N , Horoszowski H , Heim M , Martinowitz U 
Published: August 2018

SummaryRecombinant factor Vila (rFVIIa; NovoSeven®) is a recent addition to the hemostatic alternatives for the treatment of hemophiliacs with inhibitors. A drawback in the use of rFVIIa has been its half-life of only about 2 h, which necessitates very frequent and punctual injections. We evaluated the stability of reconstituted, but not further diluted, rFVIIa in 3 infusion systems (WalkMedTM 350 and CADD®-Plus minipumps and Meddex 2001 syringe pump). The factor VII (F VII) activity was maintained for at least 3 days at room temperature with only a minor and clinically insignificant increase in oxidized forms of rFVIIa and minimal leaching of the plastic softeners di-butylphthalate and di-octylphthalate after 24–48 h. Addition of heparin, 5–10 U/ml, to reconstituted rFVIIa caused a loss of about 50% of the activity within 4 h of storage in the infusion system, whereas low molecular weight heparin had no such effect. Repeated samples showed that the infusion systems maintained sterility. Reconstituted rFVIIa did not support bacterial growth when inoculated with Staphylococcus aureus or Escherichia coli to any greater extent than did reconstituted factor VIII, lidocaine in saline or heparin in saline. Two patients were treated with continuous infusion of rFVIIa on 4 occasions (total knee arthroplasty, wound revision, and twice straightening of a 90° contracture of the knee under general anaesthesia). A preoperative pharmacokinetic evaluation was performed, and the clearance was used to calculate the maintenance dose, aiming at a FVII level of 10 U/ml, which proved to be a hemostatic level. The first patient had no change in the clearance during the two treatment episodes. He suffered from repeated thrombophlebitis at the infusion site. The second patient had a progressive decrease of the clearance from 86.4 to 24.7 ml/h/kg. He received during the first treatment a parallel infusion with heparin (≈250 U/24 h) to the same venous access and did not develop thrombophlebitis during 3.5 days of therapy. For the second episode low molecular weight heparin was added directly to the infusion bag, and no adverse effects were observed. Continuous infusion with rFVIIa is thus feasible with the minipumps used by us, eliminates the need for 2 h injections and reduces the total dose of rFVIIa by 50–75%, depending on the behaviour of the clearance.
Identification and Biosynthesis of Fibrinogen in Human Uterine Cervix Carcinoma Cells
Authors: Young Lee Soo , Pyoung Lee Key , Weon Lim Joo 
Published: August 2018

SummaryFibrinogen has been detected in ME-180 human uterine cervix carcinoma cells, and synthesis of fibrinogen by ME-180 cells has been measured using [35S] L-methionine incorporation. Expression of mRNA for the B|3-chain of the fibrinogen in ME-180 cells has been identified by PCR-assisted mRNA amplification. The AΑ-, BΒ-, and Γ-chains of fibrinogen synthesized by ME-180 cells were chemically and immunologically identical to those of plasma fibrinogen. These findings suggest that fibrinogen is present and synthesized in ME-180 human uterine cervix carcinoma cells, and that fibrinogen plays a role in these malignant tumor cells.
Cavernous Carotid Artery Giant Aneurysm: Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Packer Lucas , Vanzin José , Menegon Vinicius 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe giant aneurysm of the cavernous internal carotid artery is an uncommon event. In the case of giant aneurysmal formation, the patient presents with some signs or symptoms, reported or observed on physical examination, which reveal a possible mass effect with neurovascular compression of the aneurysm, or even a subarachnoid hemorrhage due to the rupture of the aneurysm. We report the case of a 69-year-old patient who was admitted to the emergency department, referred by the basic health unit (BHU) of her locality for neurosurgical evaluation after suffering a mild traumatic brain injury (TBI). The patient, who was asymptomatic, carried with her a tomographic computerized examination of the skull, performed one day after the incident, evidencing left nodular parasellar lesion involving the cavernous sinus, discovered at random. After more specific clinical, laboratory and imaging exams, she was diagnosed with a giant aneurysm of the cavernous segment of the left internal carotid artery (LICA) and was submitted to endovascular embolization for correction.
An Observational Study: Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring after Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty
Authors: Kenchi Gopi , Gajula Sunisha , Dangati Malleshwar 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Aim In recent studies, lack of fall in nocturnal blood pressure (BP) has been presented as an independent predictor of poor prognosis. The aim of this study is to investigate the prognostic value of various variables of BP by 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) measurement and sex-related differences after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA).
Methods This study included 100 patients who underwent PTCA in the authors’ institute from June 2017 to January 2018. They were monitored by 24-hour ABP for 1 day in the hospital.
Results One hundred patients were recruited in this study with mean age of 61.64 years, with female-to-male ratio of 0.27:1. All demographic, clinical, and laboratory parameters including the ABP parameters were comparable between females and males, except smoking and alcoholism that were more frequent in males.Out of 100 patients, 41 had nocturnal dipping in BP and 59 did not have nocturnal dipping. In this study, the variables among nondippers, 16 (27.1%) were females, 43 (72.8%) were males, 45 (63.3%) had diabetes mellitus (DM), 46 (75.4%) had hypertension (HTN), mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) was 141.7 ± 13.9 mm Hg, mean diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was 86.34 ± 5.64 mm Hg, mean pulse pressure (PP) was 55.39 ± 9.25 mm Hg, and pulse-wave velocity (PWV) was 6.69 ± 2.22 m/s.In females were more nondippers (27.1%) than dippers (12.1%), which was statistically significant (p = 0.05). Nondippers were more among hypertensive patients (77.9% vs. 36.5%; p = 0.00). Higher mean SBP (p = 0.001), higher mean BP (p = 0.032), and higher mean pulse pressure (p = 0.00) were observed in nondippers.However, age, ejection fraction (EF), presence of DM, coronary artery disease (CAD) severity, type of presentation, and PWV were not different in dipper versus nondippers. Conclusion With comparable clinical, laboratory parameters along with BP parameters between females and males, immediate post-percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) patients, female PCI patients had more nondippers (p = 0.05). Overall nondippers had higher SBP, mean BP, and PP than dippers. Diabetes, severity of CAD, and type of presentation of CAD (as ACS or CSA) did not influence the nocturnal dipping quality of the BP.
Failure to Thrive: An Expanded Differential Diagnosis
Authors: Daymont Carrie , Ladda Roger , Lull Jordan , Ficicioglu Can , Cohen Jennifer , Aprile Justen , Lazzara Alexandra 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe patient is a term 6-month-old male, who presented with failure to thrive since birth. History was remarkable for suspected milk and soy protein allergy, gastroesophageal reflux, constipation, and abdominal distension that was present since birth. He was losing weight despite oral intake of over 100 kcal/kg per day. Prior workup including laboratory studies, abdominal X-ray, upper gastrointestinal series with fluoroscopy, barium enema, and abdominal ultrasound were all within normal limits. The patient's history, diagnostic evaluation, and final diagnosis are revealed. This case highlights a rare condition presenting as failure to thrive, a common problem with a wide differential diagnosis.