bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A multi‐scale analysis of the effect of complex viscoelastic models on Listeria dynamics and adaptation in co‐culture systems
Authors: Costello Katherine M. , Gutierrez‐Merino Jorge , Bussemaker Madeleine , Smet Cindy , Van Impe Jan F. , Velliou Eirini G. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractNatural antimicrobials are of interest to replace traditional food decontamination methods: they are milder and maintain desirable sensory characteristics. However, efficacy can be affected by food structure/composition, thus structural effects in a co‐culture pathogen/microflora system are investigated. Listeria was grown planktonically (liquid broth) or on a biphasic viscoelastic system, in monoculture with/without artificial nisin, or in co‐culture with Lactococcus lactis (nisin/non‐nisin producing). Microbial growth kinetics were monitored and advanced microscopy techniques were utilized to quantify cellular interactions and spatial organization. Microstructural effects are observed on the kinetics, with differences in monoculture/co‐culture. Significant microscopic differences are observed in spatial organization and colony size. We are the first to observe changing growth location for all species in monoculture/co‐culture, with differences in colony size/organization through stationary phase. This study provides insight into the environmental stress response/adaptation of Listeria grown on structured systems in response to L. lactis and natural antimicrobials.
IRF2BPL gene mutation: Expanding on neurologic phenotypes
Authors: Shelkowitz Emily , Singh Jasleen K. , Larson Austin , Elias Ellen R. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractHeterozygous loss of function variants in the IRF2BPL are a newly described cause of neurodevelopmental disabilities and epilepsy. As of 2019, fewer than 20 patients have been described in the published literature. This article reports an additional case of a patient with a pathogenic IRF2BPL variant and offers a comprehensive review of the published cases of individuals with IRF2BPL variants, in order to help expand the phenotype. The patient has a history of infantile spasms evolving into drug‐resistant epilepsy with underlying epileptic encephalopathy consistent with Lennox–Gastaut syndrome. While at the extreme end of the spectrum, his phenotype is consistent with those previously described. Our literature review highlights the wide range of phenotypes exhibited by those with diseases related to IRF2BPL gene variants. This article also briefly discusses other comorbidities seen in the patient and those previously reported. While the molecular underpinnings of the role of IRF2BPL gene in the central nervous system are newly established, the specifics of its effects elsewhere have yet to be delineated. Furthermore, its pathogenesis in other organ systems is not yet understood and could be of importance from a management perspective.
Syntheses of Orthogonally Protected d‐Galactosamine, d‐Allosamine and d‐Gulosamine Thioglycoside Building Blocks with N‐phthalimido Groups
Authors: Chatterjee Debnath , Nayak Sourav , Paul Abhijit , Yadav Somnath 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAmino sugars, d‐galactosamine (2‐deoxy‐2‐aminogalactose), d‐allosamine (2‐deoxy‐2‐aminoallose) and d‐gulosamine (2‐deoxy‐2‐aminogulose) are components of several important carbohydrates of biologically relevant systems and in the area of therapeutics. In this work, we report the syntheses of their orthogonally protected N‐phthalimido thioglycoside derivatives from d‐glucosamine as building blocks for potential applications in further syntheses of their complex carbohydrates. The syntheses rely on installing orthogonal protections on N‐pthalimido glucosamine thioglycoside followed by Lattrell‐Dax inversions at C4 or C3, via the triflates, to yield d‐galactosamine or d‐allosamine, each of which is then readily converted to the d‐gulosamine derivative by inversions at either C3 of the former or C4 of the latter. The utility of the synthesized building blocks is also demonstrated by the stereoselective and exclusive synthesis of the β‐disaccharide in a proof of concept glycosylation reaction.
Utilizing Human Dermal Fibroblast Heterogeneity in Autologous Dermal Fibroblast Therapy: An Overcomplicated Strategy or a Promising Approach?
Authors: Zuo Yanhai , Wei Jianjun , Chen Hui 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTAlthough human dermal fibroblast heterogeneity has been acknowledged for several decades and a large body of in vitro studies has been performed with zonal dermal fibroblast, current autologous dermal fibroblast therapies do not reflect human dermal fibroblast heterogeneity. To determine if the utilization of human dermal fibroblast heterogeneity in autologous dermal fibroblast therapy is more of a translational perspective that may thus be more likely to make it to the clinic, this article critically reviews the previous studies on dermal fibroblast heterogeneity performed to date. We found that in vitro studies of human dermal fibroblast heterogeneity have run nearly parallel to the in vivo study of autologous dermal fibroblast therapy. Although several human to nude mice xenotransplantation experiments have been performed in different layers of human dermal fibroblast, their clinical significance remains to be considered. We conclude that there is still a great gap between basic experiments and the clinical employment of human dermal fibroblast heterogeneity. To overcome this, it is necessary to conduct clinical trials, which might be restricted by ethical issues. Alternatively, it might be easier to conduct in vivo studies in animal models. Based on our previous study of dermal fibroblast heterogeneity in pigs, we propose the use of pigs as a good animal model for dermal fibroblast heterogeneity. Time will show whether the utilization of human dermal fibroblast heterogeneity in autologous dermal fibroblast therapy is an overcomplicated strategy or a promising approach. Anat Rec, 302:2126–2131, 2019. © 2019 American Association for Anatomy
Entwicklungsstand neuer zerstörungsfreier Messmethoden in der Bauwerksuntersuchung
Authors: Walther Andrei , Eisenkrein‐Kreksch Helena 
Published: August 2019

AbstractDie Zustandsermittlung von Bestandsbauwerken sowie die Qualitätssicherung der Instandsetzung an Betonbauwerken erfolgen durch umfangreiche Prüfungen. Zurzeit sind diese Verfahren meist durch viele zerstörende Prüfungen geprägt. In dem Beitrag soll auf neue Messmethoden eingegangen werden, die in den letzten Jahren entwickelt und teilweise bereits erfolgreich eingesetzt werden. Es werden drei Prüfmethoden vorgestellt, die in der Bauwerksdiagnostik relevant sind. Die Ortung von Spanngliedbrüchen in z. B. Spannbetonbrücken oder weitgespannten Bauteilen kann mittels magnetischem Streufeldverfahren erfolgen. Dadurch ist es möglich, auf eine zerstörende visuelle Prüfung am zu öffnenden Spannglied zu verzichten. Hohlstellen an unzugänglichen und hohen Betonbauteilen können durch thermografische Untersuchungen geortet werden. Dabei können an Bauwerken die Schäden infolge Bewehrungskorrosionen, die visuell noch nicht erkennbar sind, diagnostiziert und der Umfang der Schäden für eine Instandsetzungsmaßnahme ermittelt werden. Die Schichtdickenbestimmung an polymeren Beschichtungssystemen, die häufig im Bodenbereich eingesetzt werden, kann bis jetzt nur zerstörend mittels Bohrkernentnahme erfolgen. In einem Forschungsprojekt wurde ein Gerät entwickelt, das thermografisch die Schichtdicke zerstörungsfrei sehr präzise bestimmen kann. Diese Entwicklung wird ebenfalls in diesem Beitrag vorgestellt.
Genomic and metabolic analysis of Komagataeibacter xylinus DSM 2325 producing bacterial cellulose nanofiber
Authors: Jang Woo Dae , Kim Tae Yong , Kim Hyun Uk , Shim Woo Yong , Ryu Jae Yong , Park Jin Hwan , Lee Sang Yup 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBacterial cellulose nanofiber (CNF) is a polymer with a wide range of potential industrial applications. Several Komagataeibacter species, including Komagataeibacter xylinus as a model organism, produce CNF. However, the industrial application of CNF has been hampered by inefficient CNF production, necessitating metabolic engineering for the enhanced CNF production. Here, we present complete genome sequence and a genome‐scale metabolic model KxyMBEL1810 of K. xylinus DSM 2325 for metabolic engineering applications. Genome analysis of this bacterium revealed that a set of genes associated with CNF biosynthesis and regulation were present in this bacterium, which were also conserved in another six representative Komagataeibacter species having complete genome information. To better understand the metabolic characteristics of K. xylinus DSM 2325, KxyMBEL1810 was reconstructed using genome annotation data, relevant computational resources and experimental growth data generated in this study. Random sampling and correlation analysis of the KxyMBEL1810 predicted pgi and gnd genes as novel overexpression targets for the enhanced CNF production. Among engineered K. xylinus strains individually overexpressing heterologous pgi and gnd genes, either from Escherichia coli or Corynebacterium glutamicum, batch fermentation of a strain overexpressing the E. coli pgi gene produced 3.15 g/L of CNF in a complex medium containing glucose, which was the best CNF concentration achieved in this study, and 115.8% higher than that (1.46 g/L) obtained from the control strain. Genome sequence data and KxyMBEL1810 generated in this study should be useful resources for metabolic engineering of K. xylinus for the enhanced CNF production.
Client descriptions of outcomes compared with quantitative data: A mixed‐methods investigation of a quantitative outcome measure
Authors: Leibert Todd W. , Powell Richard N. , Fonseca Fiona D. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAimIn this mixed‐methods study, we examined client descriptions of counselling outcomes and how they corresponded with a quantitative measure of change (i.e., Outcome Questionnaire‐45; OQ‐45).MethodUsing purposeful sampling at a university counselling training centre, we compared 17 clients who had reliably improved, deteriorated or did not change to qualitative outcomes based on post‐counselling interviews using the Change Interview protocol.ResultsQualitative outcomes included two Central change categories, the first of which included interpersonal, cognitive and behavioural, affective, and attitude changes. The second Central category of outcomes comprised four areas of change that varied by degree of change expressed (i.e., Problem Resolution, Confidence, Happiness and Changes Affirmed by Others). Congruence was not present between OQ‐45 and Central 1 changes but was present for three of the four Central 2 changes (Problem Resolution, Happiness and Changes Affirmed by Others), all correlating above .60.ConclusionOQ‐45 change scores showed congruence with three qualitative outcomes: degree of expressed improvement in Happiness, Problem resolution and changes noticed by significant others. However, the lack of congruence for Central 1 changes (i.e., Interpersonal, Cognitive and Behavioural, Affective, and Attitude Change) suggests a diverse range of outcomes important to clients that go undetected using the OQ‐45. We strongly encourage further mixed design research to better understand how best to appraise clinical improvement.
4‐Aminophthalimide Amino Acids as Small and Environment‐Sensitive Fluorescent Probes for Transmembrane Peptides
Authors: Wörner Samantha , Rönicke Franziska , Ulrich Anne S. , Wagenknecht Hans‐Achim 
Published: August 2019

AbstractFluorescence probing of transmembrane (TM) peptides is needed to complement state‐of‐the art methods—mainly oriented circular dichroism and solid‐state NMR spectroscopy—and to allow imaging in living cells. Three new amino acids incorporating the solvatofluorescent 4‐aminophthalimide in their side chains were synthesized in order to examine the local polarity in the α‐helical TM fragment of the human epidermal growth factor receptor. It was possible to distinguish their locations, either in the hydrophobic core of the lipid bilayer or at the membrane surface, by fluorescence readout, including blue shift and increased quantum yield. An important feature is the small size of the 4‐aminophthalimide chromophore. It makes one of the new amino acids approximately isosteric to tryptophan, typically used as a very small fluorescent amino acid in peptides and proteins. In contrast to the only weakly fluorescent indole system in tryptophan, the 4‐aminophthalimide moiety produces a significantly more informative fluorescence readout and is selectively excited outside the biopolymer absorption range.
Paravalvular leak closure of acute mitral valve ring dehiscence during mitral valve‐in‐ring procedure
Authors: Kanda Brinder S. , Hoyt Nicholas E. , Tavaf‐Motamen Houman 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe replacement of surgically corrected mitral valves, also known as percutaneous transcatheter repair, is a relatively young field. Even though these procedures are usually successful, they can present significant intraoperative or postoperative challenges. To our knowledge, we present the first case of acute focal dehiscence of mitral ring repair during the mitral valve‐in‐ring procedure.
Synthesis of Benzo[b]azocin‐2‐ones by Aryl Amination and Ring‐Expansion of α‐(Iodophenyl)‐β‐oxoesters
Authors: Dierks Anna , Tönjes Jan , Schmidtmann Marc , Christoffers Jens 
Published: August 2019

AbstractTransformation of β‐oxoesters with PhI(OCOCF3)2 leads to α‐(ortho‐iodophenyl)‐β‐oxoesters. These materials are the starting point for the synthesis of 6‐carboxybenzo[b]azocin‐2‐ones by a sequence of aryl amination and ring transformation. This reaction sequence starts with copper‐catalyzed formation of N‐alkyl anilines from the iodoarenes and primary amines in the presence of K3PO4 as stoichiometric base. The intermediate products underwent ring transformation by addition of the nitrogen into the carbonyl group of the cycloalkanone, furnishing benzo‐annulated eight‐membered ring lactams. Under the same reaction conditions, the cyclohexanone and cycloheptanone derivatives gave no aminated products, but ring‐transformed to benzofuran derivatives. The title compounds of this investigation contain two points for further diversification (the lactam nitrogen and the carboxylate function), thus, the suitability of this compound class as a scaffold was proven by appropriate functionalizations. The first series of derivatizations of the scaffold was initiated by hydrogenolytic debenzylation of N‐benzyl derivative to provide the NH‐congener, which could be deprotonated with LDA and alkylated at nitrogen to give further examples of this compound class. Secondly, the ester function was submitted to saponification and the resulting carboxylic acid could be amidated using HATU as coupling reagent to furnish different amides.
BN‐ and BO‐Doped Inorganic–Organic Hybrid Polymers with Sulfoximine Core Units
Authors: Brosge Felix , Lorenz Thomas , Helten Holger , Bolm Carsten 
Published: August 2019

AbstractWhile polysulfones constitute a class of well‐established, highly valuable applied materials, knowledge about polymers based on the related sulfoximine group is very limited. We have employed functionalized diaryl sulfoximines and a p‐phenylene bisborane as building blocks for unprecedented BN‐ and BO‐doped alternating inorganic–organic hybrid copolymers. While the former were accessed by a facile silicon/boron exchange protocol, the synthesis of polymers with main‐chain B–O linkages was achieved by salt elimination.
Cover Picture: Synergistically Directed Assembly of Aromatic Stacks Based Metal‐Organic Frameworks by Donor‐Acceptor and Coordination Interactions (Chin. J. Chem. 9/2019)
Authors: Wang Xi , Zhang Ying , Chang Ze , Huang Hui , Liu Xiao‐Ting , Xu Jialiang , Bu Xian‐He 
Published: August 2019

The cover picture shows a synergistically directed assembly route towards novel multi‐component coordination architectures driven by aromatic donor‐acceptor and coordination interactions. The huge structural discrepancies between coronene donor present and absent experiments clearly prove the significance of aromatic donor‐accepter pairs and their inherent cooperation mechanism in these assembly processes. More details are discussed by Bu et al. on page 871–877.
image
Stable atypical chest pain with negative anatomical or functional diagnostic test: Diagnosis no matter what or prevention at any cost?
Authors: Cosmi Deborah , Mariottoni Beatrice , Cosmi Franco 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundApproximately 1% to 2% of patients with stable atypical chest pain (SACP) experienced a major coronary event, even after a negative functional or anatomical test.MethodsOver the past 15 years, 1706 patients with SACP evaluated in our clinics underwent functional stress testing or coronary computed tomographic angiography (CTA). In these patients, we also assessed the presence of three major modifiable lifestyle‐related risk factors (cigarette smoking, low intake of fruit and vegetables, and physical inactivity). Patients were stratified according to the presence of at least one risky lifestyle factor or no risky lifestyle factors. Functional or anatomical tests were positive in 170 patients (10%). We followed the remaining 1536 patients with negative tests for 1 year to evaluate the incidence of major coronary events.ResultsThe percentage of patients reporting major coronary events was 1.2% in the group with risky lifestyles and 0.2% in the non‐risky lifestyle group (P < .01). Events were more common in smokers.ConclusionsPatients with SACP, when functional or anatomical tests are negative, have a residual risk of fatal and non‐fatal cardiovascular events of 1% at 1 year of follow‐up. People with incorrect lifestyles, especially smokers, have a higher risk of events. We think that in this population, a more effective intervention on lifestyles could be the key to reduce major cardiovascular events.
Medium‐term effects of active management on the structure of mature Douglas‐fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) stands
Authors: Williams Neil , Powers Matthew 
Published: August 2019

AbstractWe developed an observational study to (1) examine differences in the structure of mature Douglas‐fir stands representing thinned, structural retention harvest and unmanaged conditions, and (2) assess the extent to which active management in mature stands expedites development of old‐growth structure, relative to two old‐growth indices. Time since treatment averaged 38 and 22 yr in thinned and retention harvest conditions, respectively, and stand age ranged from 106 to 193 yr when sampled. Differences in stand structure were apparent between all three management conditions, with attributes associated with stumps, live tree diameter diversity, understory vegetation, and vertical foliage structure being the strongest individual drivers of these differences. Mean old‐growth index scores were lower than expected of true old‐growth for each of the management conditions examined here, but were not significantly different between thinned and unmanaged stands. Our results suggest thinning in mature stands may promote certain elements of old‐growth structure, including foliage height diversity, but also indicate the need for provisions against the depletion of dead wood resources. Stumps are an understudied dead wood structure, and in actively managed mature stands, our results imply that stumps may provide a degree of functional substitution where down log availability is low.
Local temporal trajectories explain population‐level responses to climate change in saguaro (Carnegiea gigantea)
Authors: Rodríguez‐Buriticá Susana , Winkler Daniel E. , Webb Robert H. , Venable D. Lawrence 
Published: August 2019

AbstractPopulation demography is typically assumed to be strongly influenced by climatic factors, particularly with succulent plants and cacti. The saguaro cactus (Carnegiea gigantea) is a long‐lived columnar cactus of the Sonoran Desert that experiences episodic recruitment and mortality. Previous studies have attributed long‐term changes in saguaro populations to climatic factors, including increased germination and establishment during wet periods and mortality and reduced establishment during droughts and extreme freezes. We used a 48‐yr data set of marked individuals at the Desert Laboratory in Tucson, Arizona, to test the hypothesis that local, temporal population trajectories are mediated by topographic heterogeneity that interacts with fluctuating climatic conditions. We tested the influence of local slope and aspect vs. climatic variability on a population of saguaro using >5800 marked individuals that have been measured since 1964. We examined the relationship between demography and climatic variables (drought, precipitation, and extreme temperatures) and found significant differences in growth and survival among aspects and among census periods. Saguaro population growth was higher during wet and cool periods (e.g., 1964–1970), and changes in age structures suggest that topographic differences interact with climatic fluctuations to produce unexpected demographic patterns including large recruitment events during periods of relatively unfavorable climate conditions. Our results highlight the importance of long‐term data to detect demographic responses to climate that could not be predicted from short‐term studies of plant physiology and population demography.
The impact of ultrasound‐guided continuous serratus anterior plane block versus intravenous patient‐controlled analgesia on the incidence and severity of post‐thoracotomy pain syndrome: A randomized, controlled study
Authors: Reyad Raafat M. , Shaker Ehab H. , Ghobrial Hossam Z. , Abbas Dina N. , Reyad Ehab M. , Abd Alrahman Abd Alrahman M. , AL‐Demery Amr , Issak Emad R. H. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this randomized controlled trial was to evaluate U/S guided serratus anterior plane catheter block (SAPB) versus patient‐controlled analgesia (PCA) on the emergence of post‐thoracotomy pain syndrome (PTPS) after thoracotomies for thoracic tumours.MethodsThis trial included 89 patients with chest malignancies, scheduled for thoracotomy were randomly allocated into two groups: Group A "PCA–group N=44" receiving patient‐controlled analgesia and group B "SAPB group N=45" where analgesia was provided by SAPB. The primary outcome measure was the assessment for the possible emergence of PTPS at 12 weeks. The secondary outcome measures were pain relief measured using visual analog scale (VAS) score, Quality of life was assessed using Flanagan Quality of Life Scale (QOLS) and Activity level was assessed using Barthel Activity of daily living (ADL) score.ResultsAt week 8, PTPS incidence was significantly (p = .037) higher in the PCA group (45%) than in the SAPB group (24%) with a relative risk of 1.38 and 95% CI (1.01–1.9) while the incidence of PTPS at week 12 was significantly (p = .035) higher in the PCA group (43%) than in the SAPB group (22%) with a relative risk of 2.38 and 95% CI (1.23–4.57). The need for pain therapy in PTPS patients was significantly lower in the SAPB group (17.7%) than the PCA group (38.6%) (p = .028) at week 12. Pain intensity: VAS‐R and VAS‐D (pain scores at rest and with activity, respectively) was comparable (p > .05) between both groups at 6, 12, 18 and 24 hr, however VAS was significantly higher in the PCA group at week 8 (p = .046) and week 12 (p = .032) . Both groups were comparable regarding ADL and QOL scores (p > .05).ConclusionSerratus anterior plane block is assumed to be a good alternative for post‐thoracotomy analgesia following thoracotomies. The current work hypothesized that SAPB for a week postoperatively, may reduce the emergence of PTPS and may reduce the demand for pain therapy in those patients.Significance statementThe current work hypothesized that SAPB for a week postoperatively, is a good loco‐regional alternative for post‐thoracotomy analgesia following thoracotomies for chest malignancies, it may reduce the emergence of PTPS and the demand for pain therapy in these patients.