bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sodium glycerophosphate and prescribed calcium concentrations in pediatric parenteral nutrition: a retrospective observational study and economic evaluation
Authors: Siritientong Tippawan , Nimitwongsin Suree 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
The risk of precipitation limits calcium and phosphate concentrations that can be administered parenterally to pediatric patients. As an alternative to dipotassium phosphate, sodium glycerophosphate (NaGlyP) is claimed to reduce the risk of precipitation in solutions for parenteral administration.

Objectives
To determine the calcium concentrations, NaGlyP, and dipotassium phosphate prescribed in pediatric parenteral nutrition orders and the cost–benefit of the organic phosphate.

Methods
We retrospectively collected cross-sectional data for parenteral nutrition orders from September 2014 to August 2015 for pediatric patients including neonates and children aged <18 years who were admitted to King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand. Calcium concentration, calcium concentration adjustments, and costs of phosphate used per bag were analyzed.

Results
Of 2,192 parenteral nutrition orders, NaGlyP was used in 2,128 (97.1%) with calcium concentrations in the range of 0.84–139.91 mmol/L, which were significantly higher than calcium concentrations used with dipotassium phosphate (0.00–12.21 mmol/L, P < 0.001). There was no report of visible precipitation. Median costs of NaGlyP and dipotassium phosphate used per unit bag were not significantly different (35.88 and 41.25 Thai baht [THB] or 1.04 and 1.20 USD per bag, respectively, P>0.99; (1 USD equivalent to 34.241 THB U.S. Federal Reserve Bank G5.A annual average rate 2015).

Conclusions
Higher calcium concentrations could be achieved without increasing the direct cost per unit bag significantly as a result of using NaGlyP, an alternative to dipotassium phosphate as a source of phosphate for patients who require high amounts of calcium in parenteral nutrition.
Outcomes of pancreaticoduodenectomy in patients with obstructive jaundice with and without preoperative biliary drainage: a retrospective observational study
Authors: Sriussadaporn Suvit , Sriussadaporn Sukanya , Pak-art Rattaplee , Kritayakirana Kritaya , Prichayudh Supparerk , Samorn Pasurachate , Narueponjirakul Natawat 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
Preoperative biliary drainage (PBD) in patients with obstructive jaundice from periampullary neoplasms may reduce the untoward effects of biliary obstruction and subsequent postoperative complications. However, PBD is associated with bile contamination and increases infectious complications after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD).

Objectives
To determine whether PBD is associated with more complications after PD.

Methods
Patients with obstructive jaundice from periampullary lesions who underwent PD from 2000 to 2015 at our institution were retrospectively enrolled. The cohort was divided into a group with PBD and a group without. PBD was performed using one of the following methods: endoprosthesis, percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage, surgical biliary-enteric bypass, or T-tube choledochostomy. PDs were performed by the first author using uniform surgical techniques. Postoperative complications were recorded. Statistical analyses were conducted using an unpaired t, Fisher exact, or chi-squared tests as appropriate.

Results
There were 26 with PBD and 28 patients without. Patients in the 2 groups were similar in age, presenting serum bilirubin level, operative time, operative blood transfusion, and hospital stay. The group with PBD had longer duration of jaundice, more patients presenting with cholangitis, and more patients with carcinoma of the ampulla of Vater. The overall complications were higher in patients in the group with PBD than in the group without.

Conclusions
PBD was associated with more complications overall after PD. However, PBD was necessary and lifesaving in certain clinical situations and improved the condition of patients before they underwent PD. Routine PBD in patients with obstructive jaundice without definite indications is not recommended.
Perceiving that We See and Hear in Aristotle’s de Anima
Authors: Perälä Mika 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This paper reconsiders a much-discussed passage in de Anima 3.2. In that passage, Aristotle discusses the dilemma whether we perceive that we see by sight or by some other sense. The paper focuses on a problem that arises from the received understanding of the second horn of the dilemma. The problem is why Aristotle takes the hypothetical other sense to perceive not only seeing but also colour even if he claims elsewhere that sight is the only sense that can perceive colour. This problem is particularly severe for those interpreters who understand the dilemma in the way just given, that is, in terms of sensory capacities rather than sense activities. By proposing an alternative understanding of the structure of the dilemma, the aim of the paper is to resolve the problem and hence place the capacity reading on a firmer footing.
Singular Perturbed Vector Field (SPVF) Applied to Complex ODE System with Hidden Hierarchy Application to Turbocharger Engine Model
Authors: Nave OPhir , Sharma Manju 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In this paper, we present the concept of singularly perturbed vector field (SPVF) method and its application to spark ignition turbocharger engine. Given a mathematical/physical model, which consist of hidden multi-scale variables, the SPVF methods transfer (using the change of coordinates) and decompose such system to fast and slow subsystems. This decomposition enables one to apply different asymptotic methods such as the method of the integral manifold, homotopy analysis method, singular perturbation method, etc. The resulting subsystem enables us to understand better the complex system and to simplify the calculations. In addition, we investigated the stability of the equilibrium points of the model. This analysis has been done due to the SPVF method which reduces the complexity of the mathematical model.
Perspectives on data availability and market approaches to congestion management
Authors: Richter Bent , Staudt Philipp 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Transmission grid congestion is one of the consequences of an increasing power generation from intermittent renewable capacities. These are often installed in the periphery and have rare generation peaks. It thus becomes more complicated to ensure a balanced grid operation at all times. It is necessary to develop holistic strategies for the management of congestion that consider short and long operating horizons. This paper introduces several congestion management mechanisms along minimal analytical and numerical models. These solutions are then discussed in regard to the necessary data availability and their contribution to an improved congestion management strategy. The paper therefore contributes to the development of a research agenda at the intercept between economists and computer scientists in the area of energy informatics.
DFT/QTAIM analysis of favipiravir adsorption on pristine and silicon doped C20 fullerenes
Authors: Alver Özgür , Parlak Cemal , Umar Yunusa , Ramasami Ponnadurai 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Fullerenes have received attentions due to their versatile properties. Molecular structures and electronic properties namely binding energy, band gap, electrophilicity index and molecular topological analysis were studied for undoped and silicon doped C20 fullerenes and favipiravir in order to search for possible application of the systems as drug delivery vehicles. Density functional theory (DFT) and quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) were used for the research. Molecular structures having the interaction edges of SiC19… OH in water and SiC19…C=O in gas phase were found as those most stable with binding energies of -57.28 kcal/mol and -43.46 kcal/mol correspondingly. The results and parameters found in this research may provide additional insights into drug delivery systems.
Enstranged Strangers: OOO, the Uncanny, and the Gothic
Authors: Bartholomew H.G. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Exploring the links between Speculative Realism, psychoanalysis, and literary criticism, this article examines OOO’s entanglement with the ‘uncanny’. Reading OOO against three notable treatments of the concept - Sigmund Freud’s 1919 essay “The ‘Uncanny’”, Ernst Jentsch’s 1906 paper “On the Psychology of the Uncanny”, and Martin Heidegger’s discussion of uncanniness in his Introduction to Metaphysics (1953) - it argues that OOO reconfigures the ‘uncanny’ as a profoundly ontological concept premised on aesthetic enstrangement. Using E.T.A. Hoffmann’s short story “The Sandman” as a case study, it assesses what the consequences of this reconfiguration are for literary criticism and, in particular, the study of the Gothic. By splicing OOO into the history and practice of Gothic scholarship, this article traces the outline of an “object-oriented uncanny”, pushing the ‘uncanny’ out of Freud’s shadow and into the “great outdoors”.
An experimental study on the micro- and nanocellular foaming of polystyrene/poly(methyl methacrylate) blend composites
Authors: Jahani Davoud , Azimi Hamidreza , Nazari Amin 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Polystyrene/poly(methyl methacrylate) (PS/PMMA) blends in 80:20, 50:50, and 20:80 ratios with and without calcium carbonate nanoparticles were prepared. n-Pentane was then used to foam the samples in an autoclave. After the diffusion of n-pentane gas into the polymer matrix, the samples and the gas were simultaneously cooled to obtain the liquid n-pentane phase. Phase change to liquid provided the required pressure drop for cell nucleation and consequent cell growth. The solubility of n-pentane in the samples was measured. Liquid n-pentane trapped inside created micro- and nanopores, forming a foam with closed cells. Experiments were carried out in different compositions of the materials, with and without nanoparticles, and the cell morphologies were characterized. The results of this work show that nanocellular structures can be achieved when calcium carbonate nanoparticles are added to PS/PMMA blends.
Carbidopa Capsules for Insulinoma Diagnostic: Compounding and Stability Study
Authors: Curti Christophe , Mathias Fanny , Savelli Morane , Garrigue Philippe , Lamy Edouard , Guillet Benjamin , Vanelle Patrice 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundCarbidopa is a drug mainly used to treat Parkinson’s disease. Associations with levodopa or with levodopa/entacapone are commercialized, but there is no oral formulation of carbidopa alone available in Europe. As carbidopa can also be used as premedication of adult patients for insulinoma diagnosis, it must be compounded as single dose mg capsules. The single dose administration of a magistral preparation implies the compounding of only one capsule, or the loss of consequent quantities of active pharmaceutical ingredient. As an alternative solution, carbidopa capsules could be compounded as batches of hospital preparation.MethodWith this objective, a stability-indicating dosing method for 200 mg carbidopa capsules was developed. Then, the compounding process was assessed according to the European Pharmacopeia requirements. Finally, the stability of carbidopa capsules stored protected from light at room temperature was studied for one year.Results200 mg carbidopa capsules compounding process was validated on three independent batches. The beyond use date was fixed at one year.ConclusionOur work confirms that carbidopa 200 mg capsules can be realized in hospital pharmacy and its stability allows the compounding of large batches.
Konfirmandenarbeit in den USA: Die amerikanische Konfirmandenstudie in europäischer Sicht – Befunde und international-vergleichende Perspektiven
Authors: Schweitzer Friedrich 
Published: October 2019

Zusammenfassung
Der Beitrag nimmt den Abschluss des amerikanischen Forschungsprojekts zu Konfirmation und Konfirmandenarbeit zum Ausgangspunkt. Das amerikanische Projekt wurde 2018 mit einer Hauptveröffentlichung sowie einer Konferenz in Princeton abgeschlossen. Diese Studie wird beschrieben, im Blick auf ihr Design sowie die Hauptergebnisse. Darüber hinaus werden Beobachtungen im Blick auf mögliche Vergleiche mit den Ergebnissen der europäischen Parallelstudie vorgestellt. Am Ende werden weiterreichende Hintergrundfaktoren diskutiert, die die Unterschiede zwischen den Studien in den USA und in Europa im Blick auf unterschiedliche Wissenschaftskulturen in Theologie und Christlicher Pädagogik oder Religionspädagogik, aus denen die Studien in den verschiedenen Ländern hervorgegangen sind, erklären könnten.
Language Teacher Education and Technology: Approaches and Practices, edited by Jeong-Bae Son and Scott Windeatt
Authors: Mei Bing 
Published: October 2019

Language Teacher Education and Technology: Approaches and Practices Edited by Jeong-Bae Son and Scott Windeatt London: Bloomsbury Academic US $170.99 ISBN: 978-1350020405 (Hardback) 187 pages 2017
Potential and methods of target cholesterol level achievement in daily clinical practice: results of the Russian multi-centre observational study “TREAT TO GOAL”
Authors: Konstantinov V. O. 
Published: October 2019

Aim. To study potential therapeutic approaches to the management of coronary heart disease (CHD) patients with hypercholesterolemia (HCH), who receive statins, but do not achieve target levels of total cholesterol (TCH) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-CH) in daily clinical practice. Material and methods. The research project “Treat To Goal” is an observational study, involving 10 clinical centres in 6 Russian cities. In total, the study included 712 patients with CHD and HCH (386 men and 324 women; mean age 59 years), who received statins as secondary prevention measure, but did not achieve target levels of TCH and LDL-CH. Results. In order to achieve target TCH levels, the lipid-lowering therapy was modified as follows: 42,4 % patients were administered a new statin; in 32,1 %, the “old” statin dose was titrated; in 25,5 %, statin therapy was combined with ezetimibe. The target TCH levels were achieved, respectively, in 33,5 %, 37,4 %, and 50,4 % of the patients. All three types of therapy modification were well tolerated and safe.Conclusion. Combined lipid-lowering therapy with ezetimibe and statins is the optimal treatment option for Russian patients with CHD and HCH, who otherwise cannot achieve the target levels of blood lipids.
Two strategies for arterial hypertension treatment in patients with secondary chronic pyelonephritis
Authors: Statsenko M. E. , Derevyanchenko M. V. 
Published: October 2019

Aim. To compare the antihypertensive effectiveness, cardio- and nephroprotection, and metabolic effects of the combinations “enalapril + indapamide” vs. “enalapril + nifedipine slow release (SR)” in patients with arterial hypertension (AH) and secondary chronic pyelonephritis (CPN). Material and methods. In total, 60 patients with AH and secondary CPN, aged 45-65 years, were divided into two groups: Group I (n=30) receiving combined therapy with enalapril (mean dose 15,9±2,3 mg/d) and indapamide (2,5 mg/d); and Group II (n=30) receiving the combination of enalapril (16,1±2,4 mg/d) and nifedipine SR (40 mg/d). The complex examination included 24-hour blood pressure monitoring (BPM), echocardiography, measurement of morning urine specific gravity, microalbuminuria (MAU), urine levels of ß2-microglobulines, blood creatinine and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) calculation by MDRD formula, fasting glucose, potassium, uric acid, total cholesterol, and triglycerides. The follow-up time was 12 weeks. Results. The combinations “enalapril + indapamide” and “enalapril + nifedipine SR” had similar effects in terms of BP lowering, MAU reduction, and improvement of proximal renal tubular function. In both groups, there was a decrease in the number of patients with circadian BP rhythm disturbances, adverse left ventricular remodelling types, or diastolic dysfunction. The combination of enalapril and indapamide was significantly more effective in terms of restoring renal concentrating function, compared to the combination “enalapril + nifedipine SR”. Both antihypertensive therapies were metabolically neutral, not affecting carbohydrate, purine, lipid, or electrolyte metabolism parameters.Conclusion. The combinations “enalapril + indapamide” and “enalapril + nifedipine SR” demonstrated high antihypertensive effectiveness, cardio- and nephroprotection, and metabolic neutrality.
ECG DISPERSION MAPPING PARAMETERS DURING THE TREADMILL TEST IN PATIENTS WITH CORONARY HEART DISEASE
Authors: Ivanov G. G. , Agafoshina E. V. , Pecherskikh A. A. , Khalabi G. 
Published: October 2019

Aim. The aim of the study was the complex analysis of the ECG-12 and ECG dispersion mapping (DM) parameters during the physical stress test in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD).Material and methods. The main group included 143 CHD patients with Functional Class I–III angina (99 men and 44 women; mean age 50,6±4,6 years). The control group included 37 healthy individuals (mean age 44,3±4,8 years). Patients with heart failure signs and symptoms were excluded. All participants underwent the graduated physical stress test.Results. Two variants of the ECG changes were observed, with normal and abnormal reaction of ECG DM parameters. The latter group was characterised by the following: ratio of heart rate and myocardial micro-alternation index (HRmax/MMImax) 30% at the peak HR.Conclusion. Using the ECG DM method during the treadmill test is a feasible and useful approach to gain additional diagnostic information on the myocardial electro-physiological status and, therefore, to select the patients who need further examination and treatment.
Ensembles of ETAS Models Provide Optimal Operational Earthquake Forecasting During Swarms: Insights from the 2015 San Ramon, California Swarm
Authors: Llenos Andrea L. , Michael Andrew J. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Earthquake swarms, typically modeled as time‐varying changes in background seismicity, which are driven by external processes such as fluid flow or aseismic creep, present challenges for operational earthquake forecasting. Although the time decay of aftershock sequences can be estimated with the modified Omori law, it is difficult to forecast the temporal behavior of seismicity rates during a swarm. To explore these issues, we apply the epidemic‐type aftershock sequence (ETAS) model (Ogata, 1988) to the 2015 San Ramon, California swarm, which lasted several weeks and had almost 100 2≤M≤3.6 earthquakes. We develop three‐day forecasts during the swarm based on an ETAS model fit to all prior seismicity in the region as well as an ETAS model fit only to previous swarms in the region, which is better at capturing the higher background rate during the swarm. We also explore forecasts in which the background rate is updated periodically during the swarm using data over different lookback windows and find generally these models perform better than the models in which the background rate is fixed. Finally, we construct ensemble forecasts by combining the different models weighted according to their performance. The ensemble forecasts outperform all of the individual models and allow us to avoid making arbitrary choices at the outset of a swarm as to which single model will perform the best.
Comparison of Numerical Methods for SWW Equations
Authors: Hajrulla Shkelqim , Bezati Leonard , Hamzallari Besiana 
Published: October 2019

Abstract: In this paper we consider three methods of approximation for the nonlinear water wave equation. In particular we are interested of KdV equation as a stationary water wave. The first is the method of approximation with a polynomial, the second method is the finite–volume method and the third method is Laplace decomposition method (LDM). A comparison between the methods is mentioned in this article.
We treat the considered methods comparing the obtained solutions with the exact ones. We give in particular the numerical results compared with the analytical results. We show that the used methods are effective and convenient for solving the water wave equations. We can propose and sure that the method of approximation with a polynomial gives accurate results.
Optimization on Fermentation Process of Protein Concentrate of Jatropha Seed Cake with N Sources and Minerals Supplementation
Authors: Widyastuti Titin , Hidayat Nur 
Published: October 2019

The objective of this research is to produce alternative food sources of protein by optimizing the potential of jatropha curcas which is agroindustry waste. This study is planned in two years and is a series of jatropha seed exploration through fermentation using Lactobacillus acidophilus. Specific targets in the first year of study were to assess the optimization of the fermentation process by supplementing the source of N soybean meal and fish meal. Experiments using Completely Randomized Design (RAL) factorial pattern with first factor was supplementation (F) and second factor was incubation time (W), fermentation optimization consisted of: F1 (F0 + 2.5% soybean meal flour), F2 (F0 + 2.5% fish meal), F3 (F1 + 0.45% Dicalsium Phosphat) and F4 (F2 + 0.45% Dicalsium Phosphat). The incubation time is differentiated W1: 3 days, W2: 5 days and W3: 7 days. It can be concluded that: dry matter, gross energy, calcium and phospor are influenced by interaction between type of supplementation of source of N + DCP with fermentation time, whereas fat content is only influenced by fermentation time with optimal time decrease of fat content is 5,92 days. Total protein and amino acid levels are only influenced by different types of supplementation. Phorbolester antinutrition levels are influenced by the duration of the fermentation. Based on antinutritive as a limiting factor. F4W5 is the best treatment and can used as a feed ingredient.