bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Who let the dogs out? Therapy dogs in clinical practice
Authors: Jones MG , Rice SM , Cotton SM 
Published: February 2018

Objectives: Animal-assisted therapy (AAT) is a growing field in Australia, and therapy dogs are becoming increasingly common in clinical settings. This paper aims to highlight the current issues facing AAT in Australia and to make recommendations on how to progress the field. We acknowledge that there are several ways that therapy dogs may enhance treatment outcomes for clients, such as reductions in stress and acute anxious arousal, and improvements in engagement and rapport. These psychological and physiological advantages, however, may not be sustained once interaction with the dog ceases. Clinicians require adequate training and support to develop and implement interventions that are based on sound theoretical foundations, and take advantage of the adjunctive benefits of animal presence. Conclusions: A series of recommendations are made for the professionalisation of AAT, including the development of consensus definitions, clinical governance, accreditation, research and evaluation.
Case formulation using pattern-based formulation methodology: clinical case 3
Authors: Fernando Irosh 
Published: February 2018

Objective: The objective of this study is to determine if pattern-based formulation (PBF) can accurately contribute to case formulation. Conclusions: The application of three PBFs accurately contributed to the development of this patient’s case formulation. The case formulation demonstrated here, and the patterns introduced in this paper, will serve as educational materials for teaching psychiatric case formulation.
Predictors of anti-VEGF drug-induced hypertension using different hypertension criteria: a secondary analysis of the COMPARZ study
Authors: Mangoni Arduino A. , Kichenadasse Ganessan , Rowland Andrew , Sorich Michael J. 
Published: February 2018

Background: There is inconsistency in the criteria used to define anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) drug-induced hypertension (AVEGF-HT) in published studies. It is unknown whether specific patient characteristics similarly predict AVEGF-HT using different criteria. Methods: We assessed the associations between clinical and demographic factors ( n = 22) and AVEGF-HT, using six criteria based on predefined on-treatment blood pressure (BP) thresholds or absolute BP elevations versus baseline, in a post hoc analysis of a phase III trial of 1102 patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) randomized to pazopanib or sunitinib (COMPARZ study). Results: The cumulative incidence of AVEGF-HT at any time while on treatment ranged between 14.8% [criterion: grade ⩾3 toxicity, National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (NCI CTCAE) v3.0] and 58.8% (criterion: absolute systolic BP increase ⩾20 mmHg versus baseline). After adjusting for anti-VEGF treatment and baseline BP, the number of significant ( p < 0.05) predictors ranged between one (criterion: absolute systolic BP increase ⩾20 mmHg, on-treatment systolic BP ⩾140 mmHg and diastolic BP ⩾90 mmHg) and nine (criterion: grade ⩾3 toxicity, NCI CTCAE v3.0). Age, use of antidiabetic drugs and use of antihypertensive drugs each significantly predicted four AVEGF-HT criteria. By contrast, sex, smoking, heart rate, proteinuria, Karnofsky performance status, and use of thiazide diuretics did not predict any criterion. Conclusions: There was a significant variability in the incidence, number and type of predictors of AVEGF-HT, using six different criteria, in a post hoc analysis of the COMPARZ study. The use of specific criteria might affect the assessment of the interaction between anti-VEGF drugs, AVEGF-HT and cancer outcomes.
Effect of graphene on polar and nonpolar rubber matrices
Authors: Mensah Bismark , Kang Seok In , Wang Wonseok , Nah Changwoon 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Background
So far, the effect of graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) in rubber matrix has not been well established.

Methods
The effects of graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) on the physical properties of polar acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR) and non-polar Ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer rubber (EPDM) matrix have been investigated and their properties compared. NBR vulcanizates exhibited higher cure rates compared to the EPDM systems.

Results
Effective dispersion of the nanosheets within the different matrices was observed to be a reason for the improvement in properties, but the effective nanosheets-matrix interactions played a key role in reinforcing action. This was noticeable in the various properties (crosslinking density, tensile properties, and dynamical mechanical analysis) evaluated. Typically, the polar NBR matrix was observed to show about 461 and 405% higher interactions parameter with GO and rGO fillers (loaded from 0.1~1phr) than composites of EPDM based on Kraus model.

Conclusions
While this present work has confirmed the significance of considering the polarities of graphene sheets or derivative graphene (GSD) and their respective polymers matrices for effective property enhancement for specific applications, it has also demonstrated the future prospects of rubber-graphene nanocomposites for several applications which include structural, barrier, and dielectric energy storage materials.
Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase α–Selective Inhibition With Alpelisib (BYL719) in PIK3CA-Altered Solid Tumors: Results From the First-in-Human Study
Authors: Juric Dejan , Rodon Jordi , Tabernero Josep , Janku Filip , Burris Howard A. , Schellens Jan H.M. , Middleton Mark R. , Berlin Jordan , Schuler Martin , Gil-Martin Marta , Rugo Hope S. , Seggewiss-Bernhardt Ruth , Huang Alan , Bootle Douglas , Demanse David , Blumenstein Lars , Coughlin Christina , Quadt Cornelia , Baselga José 
Published: February 2018

Purpose We report the first-in-human phase Ia study to our knowledge ( ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01219699) identifying the maximum tolerated dose and assessing safety and preliminary efficacy of single-agent alpelisib (BYL719), an oral phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase α (PI3Kα)–selective inhibitor. Patients and Methods In the dose-escalation phase, patients with PIK3CA-altered advanced solid tumors received once-daily or twice-daily oral alpelisib on a continuous schedule. In the dose-expansion phase, patients with PIK3CA-altered solid tumors and PIK3CA-wild-type, estrogen receptor–positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2–negative breast cancer received alpelisib 400 mg once daily. Results One hundred thirty-four patients received treatment. Alpelisib maximum tolerated doses were established as 400 mg once daily and 150 mg twice daily. Nine patients (13.2%) in the dose-escalation phase had dose-limiting toxicities of hyperglycemia (n = 6), nausea (n = 2), and both hyperglycemia and hypophosphatemia (n = 1). Frequent all-grade, treatment-related adverse events included hyperglycemia (51.5%), nausea (50.0%), decreased appetite (41.8%), diarrhea (40.3%), and vomiting (31.3%). Alpelisib was rapidly absorbed; half-life was 7.6 hours at 400 mg once daily with minimal accumulation. Objective tumor responses were observed at doses ≥ 270 mg once daily; overall response rate was 6.0% (n = 8; one patient with endometrial cancer had a complete response, and seven patients with cervical, breast, endometrial, colon, and rectal cancers had partial responses). Stable disease was achieved in 70 (52.2%) patients and was maintained > 24 weeks in 13 (9.7%) patients; disease control rate (complete and partial responses and stable disease) was 58.2%. In patients with estrogen receptor–positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2–negative breast cancer, median progression-free survival was 5.5 months. Frequently mutated genes (≥ 10% tumors) included TP53 (51.3%), APC (23.7%), KRAS (22.4%), ARID1A (13.2%), and FBXW7 (10.5%). Conclusion Alpelisib demonstrated a tolerable safety profile and encouraging preliminary activity in patients with PIK3CA-altered solid tumors, supporting the rationale for selective PI3Kα inhibition in combination with other agents for the treatment of PIK3CA-mutant tumors.
Temporal analysis of hippocampal CA3 gene coexpression networks in a rat model of febrile seizures
Authors: Azevedo Hatylas , Amato Khaled Nathália , Santos Paula , Bernardi Bertonha Fernanda , Moreira-Filho Carlos Alberto 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT
Complex febrile seizures during infancy constitute an important risk factor for development of epilepsy. However, little is known about the alterations induced by febrile seizures that make the brain susceptible to epileptic activity. In this context, the use of animal models of hyperthermic seizures (HS) could allow the temporal analysis of brain molecular changes that arise after febrile seizures. Here, we investigated temporal changes in hippocampal gene coexpression networks during the development of rats submitted to HS. Total RNA samples were obtained from the ventral hippocampal CA3 region at four time points after HS at postnatal day (P) 11 and later used for gene expression profiling. Temporal endpoints were selected for investigating the acute (P12), latent (P30 and P60) and chronic (P120) stages of the HS model. A weighted gene coexpression network analysis was used to characterize modules of coexpressed genes, as these modules might contain genes with similar functions. The transcriptome analysis pipeline consisted of building gene coexpression networks, identifying network modules and hubs, performing gene-trait correlations and examining changes in module connectivity. Modules were functionally enriched to identify functions associated with HS. Our data showed that HS induce changes in developmental, cell adhesion and immune pathways, such as Wnt, Hippo, Notch, Jak-Stat and Mapk. Interestingly, modules involved in cell adhesion, neuronal differentiation and synaptic transmission were activated as early as 1 day after HS. These results suggest that HS trigger transcriptional alterations that could lead to persistent neurogenesis, tissue remodeling and inflammation in the CA3 hippocampus, making the brain prone to epileptic activity.
Identification of early indicators of altered metabolism in normal development using a rodent model system
Authors: Prabakaran Ashok Daniel , Karakkat Jimsheena Valiyakath , Vijayan Ranjit , Chalissery Jisha , Ibrahim Marwa F. , Kaimala Suneesh , Adeghate Ernest A. , Al-Marzouqi Ahmed Hasan , Ansari Suraiya Anjum , EPK Mensah-Brown , Emerald Bright Starling 
Published: February 2018

Although the existence of a close relationship between the early maternal developmental environment, fetal size at birth and the risk of developing disease in adulthood has been suggested, most studies, however, employed experimentally induced intrauterine growth restriction as model to link this with later adult disease. Since embryonic size variation occurs under normal growth and differentataion as well, elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying these changes and their relevance to later adult disease risk becomes important.
The birth weight of rat pups vary according to the uterine horn positions. Using birth weight as a marker, we have compared two groups of rat pups, namely, lower birth weight (LBW, 5th to 25th percentile) and average birth weight (ABW, 50th to 75th percentile) using morphological, biochemical and molecular biology and genetic techniques. Our results show that insulin metabolism, P13k/Akt and Pparγ signaling and the genes regulating growth and metabolism are significantly different in these groups. Methylation at the promoter of the Ins II gene and DNA methyl transferase 1 in LBW pups are both increased. Additionally, the DNMT1 repressor complex which includes Hdac1, RB and E2f1 was also upregulated in LBW pups.
We conclude that the Dnmt1 repressor complex which regulates the restriction point of the cell cycle retards the rate at which cells traverse the G1 or G0 phase of the cell cycle in LBW pups, slows down growth. This regulatory mechanism mediated by Dnmt1 may contribute to the production of small for size pups and altered physiology and pathology in adult life.
Epidemiological evidence relating environmental smoke to COPD in lifelong non-smokers: a systematic review
Authors: Lee Peter N. , Forey Barbara A. , Coombs Katharine J. , Hamling Jan S. , Thornton Alison J. 
Published: February 2018

Background: Some evidence suggests environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) might cause chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We reviewed available epidemiological data in never smokers. Methods: We identified epidemiological studies providing estimates of relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) for various ETS exposure indices. Confounder-adjusted RRs for COPD were extracted, or derived using standard methods. Meta-analyses were conducted for each exposure index, with tests for heterogeneity and publication bias. For the main index (spouse ever smoked or nearest equivalent), analyses investigated variation in RR by location, publication period, study type, sex, diagnosis, study size, confounder adjustment, never smoker definition, and exposure index definition. Results: Twenty-eight relevant studies were identified; nine European or Middle Eastern, nine Asian, eight American and two from multiple countries. Five were prospective, seven case-control and 16 cross-sectional. The COPD definition involved death or hospitalisation in seven studies, GOLD stage 1+ criteria in twelve, and other definitions in nine. For the main index, random-effects meta-analysis of 33 heterogeneous (p<0.001) estimates gave a RR of 1.20 (95%CI 1.08-1.34). Higher estimates for females (1.59,1.16-2.19, n=11) than males (1.29,0.94-1.76, n=7) or sexes combined (1.10,0.99-1.22, n=15 where sex-specific not available), and lower estimates for studies of 150+ cases (1.08,0.97-1.20, n=13) partly explained the heterogeneity. Estimates were higher for Asian studies (1.34,1.08-1.67, n=10), case-control studies (1.55,1.04-2.32, n=8), and COPD mortality or hospitalisation (1.40,1.12-1.74, n=11). Some increase was seen for severer COPD (1.29,1.10-1.52, n=7). Dose-response evidence was heterogeneous. Evidence for childhood (0.88,0.72-1.07, n=2) and workplace (1.12,0.77-1.64, n=4) exposure was limited, but an increase was seen for overall adulthood exposure (1.20,1.03-1.39, n=17). We discuss study weaknesses that may bias estimation of the association of COPD with ETS. Conclusions: Although the evidence suggests ETS increases COPD, study weaknesses and absence of well-designed large studies precludes reliable inference of causality. More definitive evidence is required.
Modified PATH Methodology for Obtaining Interval-Scaled Postural Assessments of Farmworkers
Authors: Garrison Emma B. , Dropkin Jonathan , Russell Rebecca , Jenkins Paul 
Published: February 2018

Abstract. Agricultural workers perform tasks that frequently require awkward and extreme postures that are associated with musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). The PATH (Posture, Activity, Tools, Handling) system currently provides a sound methodology for quantifying workers’ exposure to these awkward postures on an ordinal scale of measurement, which places restrictions on the choice of analytic methods. This study reports a modification of the PATH methodology that instead captures these postures as degrees of flexion, an interval-scaled measurement. Rather than making live observations in the field, as in PATH, the postural assessments were performed on photographs using ImageJ photo analysis software. Capturing the postures in photographs permitted more careful measurement of the degrees of flexion. The current PATH methodology requires that the observer in the field be trained in the use of PATH, whereas the single photographer used in this modification requires only sufficient training to maintain the proper camera angle. Ultimately, these interval-scale measurements could be combined with other quantitative measures, such as those produced by electromyograms (EMGs), to provide more sophisticated estimates of future risk for MSDs. Further, these data can provide a baseline from which the effects of interventions designed to reduce hazardous postures can be calculated with greater precision. Keywords: Ergonomic assessment, Farmworkers, Interval-scaled data, Musculoskeletal disorders.
СПЕКТРАЛЬНЫЕ ПЛОТНОСТИ РЕГУЛИРУЕМЫХ ПЕРЕМЕННЫХ ТИПОВЫХ САР И ИХ АППРОКСИМАЦИЯ МАЛОПАРАМЕТРОВЫМИ МОДЕЛЯМИ
Authors: Хобин В. А. , Лагерная С. И. 
Published: February 2018

Two groups of the mathematical models, which describe changes in the regulated variables of closed automatic control systems as stochastic processes, are considered in the article. The first group is the informative models, obtained on the basis of analytical transformations that represent in the model of the process spectral density all the parameters of the object, regulator and perturbation effects models. The second group is well reflecting the nature of the spectral density formal models with a minimum number of parameters. This makes it possible to identify them in the real time, during the regular operation of the automatic control system. Comparison of models, including computer experiments based on simulation show the potential promise of their application for identifying the parameters of control object models in real time and without opening the control loop of automatic control systems. In the article the mathematical description of the automatic control system is considered taking into account the features of the technological type control objects, such as the presence of delay in the control channels, susceptibility to uncontrolled disturbances (intensive coordinate disturbances and parametric, low-frequency disturbances). A detailed considered the procedure for obtaining a mathematical expression for the informative models of the controlled variable spectral density for test typical variants of various system properties and perturbations combinations. The illustrations of the controlled variable of automatic control systems spectral density features are presented for various types of systems. There are also presented the possibility of replacing the informative controlled variable spectral density models with formal ones.
Experience of organizing and management of experimental researches on animals in V.I. Shumakov National Medical Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs
Authors: Shagidulin M. Yu. , Volkova E. A. , Metelsky S. T. , Sevastianov V. I. 
Published: February 2018

This review brieﬂ y discusses the experience of organizing and carrying out experimental studies in our center in order to increase the validity of the researches. The rules of organizational and methodological approaches aimed at increasing the suitability of the results of experimental studies are also given. Each research work in which experiments on laboratory animals are supposed to be carried out should be organized, planned and carried out in accordance with national and international ethical standards. Discussion and publication of both planned and conducted experimental work makes it possible to make the research process more open and objective. The experimental investigation is carried out in the following algorithm: the formulation of the problem and the hypothesis on the basis of the literature data; development of the purpose and objectives of the study with adequate methods and selection of equipment; distribution of material to control and trial groups; creation of a plan for monitoring the indicators during the experiment; processing and interpretation of results; preparation of a scientiﬁ c report.
Professor Nikolai Petrovich Sinitsyn (1900–1972) – surgeon, physiologist, experimental transplantologist and cardiac surgeon (to the 50th anniversary of the ﬁ rst heart transplantation to a man)
Authors: Cheremisova D. A. , Kordzaya E. L. , Glyantsev S. P. 
Published: February 2018

The article is devoted to the outstanding Soviet scientist, the head of the department of pharmacology of the Gorky Medical Institute (now the Nizhny Novgorod Medical Academy), the honored worker of science, professor N.P. Sinitsyn (1900–1972). His achievements in surgery, physiology, experimental transplantology and experimental cardiac surgery have studied. It is shown that in 1937–1943. N.P. Sinitsyn was ﬁ rst man in the world carried out successful transplantations of an additional and isolated heart to frogs in the thoracic cavity and for the ﬁ rst time in Russia transplanted the dog’s head; in 1940–1955 (with interruptions) he conducted experiments on transplantation of the additional heart in the chest to dogs; in 1955–1956 he invented a way of visual control of cardiac activity of the biological and donor heart per se; in 1956 a model of a «two-headed» frog was created, and in 1959–1979 he conducted experiments on modeling and resection of heart aneurysms, plastic of the ventricles of the heart, stimulation of myocardial regeneration by electric current, studied regeneration of cardiac and papillary muscles. The reasons for not allowing the results of these experiments to go beyond the physiological laboratory are discussed in this article.
Recurrence of cardiac myxoma. Clinical and morphological aspects
Authors: Iljinsky I. M. , Ivanov A. S. , Lugovsky M. K. , Mozhejko N. P. 
Published: February 2018

Aim: to conduct a one-center retrospective research of heart myxoma relapses in a large group of patients. Materials and methods. Since 1992 to 2016 115 surgical removal of sporadic cardiac myxoma was performed (44 male, 71 female).Results. Two (1.7%) patients had recurrence of sporadic myxoma of the left atrium. One patient had the tumor returned due to inadequate removal of the tumor. Myxoma was removed without excising the place of ﬁ xation to the interatrial septum. The second patient possibly had recurrence of myxoma due to the conservation of a small tumor fragment in another part of the interatrial septum that was not diagnosed during the removal of the primary tumor. Conclusion. Recurrence of sporadic myxoma of the left atrium is rare. The reasons for the recurrence may be different but usually it is due to non-radical removal of the tumor. The results of our research show that even removal of the myxoma together with the interatrial septum does not fully guarantee the prevention of recurrence. The recurrence of sporadic cardiac myxoma is possibly associated with minor formations that are not diagnosed during surgery. We cannot exclude the possibility of forming myxoma denovo also.
In vitro study of a biological prosthetic valve for seamless fixation
Authors: Klyshnikov K. U. , Ovcharenko E. A. , Stasev A. N. , Scheglova N. A. , Odarenko Yu. N. , Khalivopulo I. K. , Kudravtseva Yu. A. , Barbarash L. S. 
Published: February 2018

Aim: to evaluate the manipulative properties of the system being developed for cardiac valve re-operation on an in vitro bovine heart model.Material and methods. The prototype of the prosthesis being developed, mounted on the implant holder, as well as the dilatation balloon of its own design, were used as the objects of the study. The bioprosthesis «UniLine» of 21 mm size for the aortic position was chosen as the target site of implantation, which was established by the «classical» suture method. After that, the implantation of the tested device was carried out as a «valve in valve» and the quality of the installation and the combined operation of all the components of the re-prosthesis system were evaluated.Results. The test implantation demonstrated the consistency of the proposed method on the basis of balloon seamless ﬁ xation, as well as high ergonomic characteristics: the average time of seamless implantation of the developed prototype on an in vitro animal heart model was 3 minutes versus the implantation of the «UniLine» bioprosthesis – 11 min, Implantation provided a reliable prosthesis The breaking force was 12.9 N, which is equivalent to a pressure of 279 mm Hg.