bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimation of Nuwiq®(simoctocog alfa) activity using one‐stage and chromogenic assays—Results from an international comparative field study
Authors: Tiefenbacher Stefan , Albisetti Manuela , Baker Peter , Kappert Guenther , Kitchen Steve , Kremer Hovinga Johanna A. , Pouplard Claire , Scholz Ute , Ternisien Catherine , Borgvall Carin , Vicente Tiago , Belyanskaya Larisa , Walter Olaf , Oldenburg Johannes ,   the Nuwiq Field Study Participating Laboratories
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundAccurate determination of coagulation factor VIII activity (FVIII:C) is essential for effective and safe FVIII replacement therapy. FVIII:C can be measured by one‐stage and chromogenic substrate assays (OSAs and CSAs, respectively); however, there is significant interlaboratory and interassay variability.AimsThis international comparative field study characterized the behaviour of OSAs and CSAs used in routine laboratory practice to measure the activity of Nuwiq®(human‐cl rhFVIII, simoctocog alfa), a fourth‐generation recombinant human FVIII produced in a human cell line.MethodsFVIII‐deficient plasma was spiked with Nuwiq®or Advate®at 1, 5, 30 and 100 international units (IU)/dL. Participating laboratories analysed the samples using their routine procedures and equipment. Accuracy, inter‐ and intralaboratory variation, CSA:OSA ratio and the impact of different OSA and CSA reagents were assessed.ResultsForty‐nine laboratories from 9 countries provided results. Mean absolute FVIII:C was comparable for both products at all concentrations with both OSA and CSA, with interproduct ratios (Nuwiq®:Advate®) of 1.02‐1.13. Mean recoveries ranged from 97% to 191% for Nuwiq®, and from 93% to 172% for Advate®, with higher recoveries at lower concentrations. Subgroup analyses by OSA and CSA reagents showed minor variations depending on reagents, but no marked differences between the two products. CSA:OSA ratios based on overall means ranged from 0.99 to 1.17 for Nuwiq®and from 1.01 to 1.17 for Advate®.ConclusionsBoth OSAs and CSAs are suitable for the measurement of FVIII:C of Nuwiq®in routine laboratory practice, without the need for a product‐specific reference standard.
Problems in the reproducibility of classification of small lung adenocarcinoma: an international interobserver study
Authors: Shih Angela R , Uruga Hironori , Bozkurtlar Emine , Chung Jin‐Haeng , Hariri Lida P , Minami Yuko , Wang He , Yoshizawa Akihiko , Muzikansky Alona , Moreira Andre L , Mino‐Kenudson Mari 
Published: May 2019

AimsThe 2015 WHO classification for lung adenocarcinoma (ACA) provides criteria for adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS), minimally invasive adenocarcinoma (MIA) and invasive adenocarcinoma (INV), but differentiating these entities can be difficult. As our understanding of prognostic significance increases, inconsistent classification is problematic. This study assesses agreement within an international panel of lung pathologists and identifies factors contributing to inconsistent classification.Methods and resultsSixty slides of small lung ACAs were reviewed digitally by six lung pathologists in three rounds, with consensus conferences and examination of elastic stains in round 3. The panel independently reviewed each case to assess final diagnosis, invasive component size and predominant pattern. The kappa value for AIS and MIA versus INV decreased from 0.44 (round 1) to 0.30 and 0.34 (rounds 2 and 3). Interobserver agreement for invasion (AIS versus other) decreased from 0.34 (round 1) to 0.29 and 0.29 (rounds 2 and 3). The range of the measured invasive component in a single case was up to 19.2 mm among observers. Agreement was excellent in tumours with high‐grade cytology and fair with low‐grade cytology.ConclusionsInterobserver agreement in small lung ACAs was fair to moderate, and improved minimally with elastic stains. Poor agreement is primarily attributable to subjectivity in pattern recognition, but high‐grade cytology increases agreement. More reliable methods to differentiate histological patterns may be necessary, including refinement of the definitions as well as recognition of other features (such as high‐grade cytology) as a formal part of routine assessment.
Environmental analysis of packaging‐derived changes in food production and consumer behavior
Authors: Yokokawa Naoki , Kikuchi‐Uehara Emi , Amasawa Eri , Sugiyama Hirokazu , Hirao Masahiko 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThis study analyzed the environmental impacts of packaging‐derived changes in food production and consumer behavior to assist packaging designers in making environmentally conscious decisions. Packaging can be functionalized to prevent food loss and waste (FLW), for example, extending the expiration date and apportioning the package size, but it can generate additional environmental impacts from changes in food and packaging production. Previous studies assessed additional impacts from packaging production; however, the effects of packaging functionalization are yet to be connected with food production and consumer behavior. To examine the effect of functionalization on these aspects, we analyzed packaging‐derived changes in food production for milk and cabbage products. The case study compared products with functionalized packaging that permits a longer expiration date or a smaller portion size to their base‐case products. Our results showed that the packaging‐derived changes increased the global warming potential (GWP) of food production more than other processes did. Thus, changes in food production weakened the effectiveness of the packaging functionalization to decrease the GWP. Moreover, the analysis of consumer behavior scenarios showed that consumers’ perception of the expiration date decisively influences the effectiveness of packaging functionalization. When consumers discarded food after the expiration date, provided they consumed in small quantities, the packaging functionalization reduced FLW. From the scenario analysis, we identified appropriate combinations of packaging functionalization and consumer behaviors to effectively decrease total GWP. With our expanded analysis, packaging designers can understand the effectiveness of their decisions on the product life cycle in reducing FLW and environmental impacts.
Physical‐activity support for people with intellectual disabilities: development of a tool to measure behavioural determinants in direct support professionals
Authors: Bossink L. W. M. , van der Putten A. A. J. , Steenbergen H. A. , Vlaskamp C. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundPhysical‐activity approaches for people with intellectual disabilities (ID) are more likely to be effective and sustainable if they also target direct support professionals' behaviour. However, no tools to measure the behavioural determinants for direct support professionals are available as of yet. This study aims to construct a self‐report tool to measure direct support professionals' behavioural determinants in physical‐activity support for people with ID and to analyse its psychometric properties.MethodsThe tools' sub‐scales and items corresponded with a proposed conceptual model. A pilot study was carried out to investigate and improve content validity. Construct validity and measurement precision were examined using item response theory models with data from a convenience sample of 247 direct support professionals in the support of people with ID.ResultsResults supported the three theory‐driven behaviour scales and indicated reasonable to good construct validity. The marginal reliability for the scales ranged from 0.84 to 0.87, and adequate measurement precision along the latent continua was found.ConclusionsThe tool appears to be promising for measuring the behavioural determinants of direct support professionals for the physical‐activity support of people with ID and has potential as a tool for identifying areas to focus on for interventions and policies in the future.
Maternal brain resting‐state connectivity in the postpartum period
Authors: Dufford Alexander J. , Erhart Andrew , Kim Pilyoung 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIn the postpartum period, the maternal brain experiences both structural and functional plasticity. Although we have a growing understanding of the responses of the human maternal brain to infant stimuli, little is known about the intrinsic connectivity among those regions during the postpartum months. Resting‐state functional connectivity (rsFC) provides a measure of the functional architecture of the brain based upon intrinsic functional connectivity (ie, the temporal correlation in blood oxygenation level dependent signal when the brain is not engaged in a specific task). In the present study, we used resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging to examine how later postpartum months are associated with rsFC and maternal behaviours. We recruited a sample of 47 socioeconomically diverse first‐time mothers with singleton pregnancies. Because the amygdala has been shown to play a critical role in maternal behaviours in the postpartum period, this was chosen as the seed for a seed‐based correlation analysis. For the left amygdala, later postpartum months were associated with greater connectivity with the anterior cingulate gyrus, left nucleus accumbens, right caudate and left cerebellum (P < 0.05, false discovery rate corrected). Furthermore, in an exploratory analysis, we observed indications that rsFC between the left amygdala and left nucleus accumbens was positively associated with maternal structuring during a mother child‐interaction. In addition, later postpartum months were associated with greater connectivity between the right amygdala and the bilateral caudate and right putamen. Overall, we provide evidence of relationships between postpartum months and rsFC in the regions involved in salience detection and regions involved in maternal motivation. Greater connectivity between the amygdala and nucleus accumbens may play a role in positive maternal behaviours.
Challenges to Studying Illicit Drug Users
Authors: Ryan Jennie E. , Smeltzer Suzanne C. , Sharts‐Hopko Nancy C. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractPurposeThroughout the world, illicit drug use continues to pose a significant risk to public health. The opioid crisis in North America, the diversion of the prescription drug tramadol throughout Africa, and the increasing supply of methamphetamines in East and South Asia all contribute to increasing risks to individual and societal health. Furthermore, the violation of human rights in efforts to enforce prohibitionist values poses significant threats to many individuals worldwide. With these evolving situations, it is imperative that researchers direct their attention to the various populations of illicit drug users. However, the inclusion of illicit drug users, often considered a vulnerable population, as participants in research studies presents several increased risks that must be addressed in study protocols. Researchers are required to provide “additional safeguards” to all study protocols involving illicit drug users, but there is often substantial variability and inconsistency in how these safeguards are applied. Additional safeguards can be timely, costly, and unduly burdensome for researchers, ethical review boards, and research participants.ApproachThrough synthesis of the current literature, this article addresses the barriers to studying illicit drug users and the methods researchers can utilize to minimize risk. A case study is provided to illustrate the high level of scrutiny of study protocols involving the participation of illicit drug users and the effect of such scrutiny on recruitment of participants. The article concludes with a discussion of the effects of the current political climate on the recruitment of illicit drug users in research.ConclusionsIndividuals who participate in criminal or illegal behaviors such as illicit drug use, prostitution, illegal entry into a country, and human trafficking are susceptible to multiple physical, mental, and social health risks, as well as criminal prosecution. The importance of research on the health of marginalized populations cannot be overstated. This work must continue, and at the same time, we must continue to protect these individuals to the best of our ability through diligent attention to sound research methods.Clinical RelevanceThe use of illicit drugs continues to pose a substantial threat to global health. Individuals who use illicit drugs are susceptible to multiple physical, mental, and social health risks, as well as criminal prosecution. It is imperative that researchers study these vulnerable populations in order to develop interventions to minimize individual and societal harm. There are several barriers to the study of illicit drug users that must be addressed through rigorous methodology and the addition of safeguards.
Contact sensitization to cosmetic series of allergens in patients with rosacea: A prospective controlled study
Authors: Ozbagcivan Ozlem , Akarsu Sevgi , Dolas Necla , Fetil Emel 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundPrevious studies have documented the cosmetic allergic contact dermatitis due to common cosmetic allergens in standard series and various cosmetic products used in rosacea patients; however, the prevalence of contact sensitization to other cosmetic allergens other than those in standard series is largely unknown.AimsTo assess the prevalence of contact sensitization to a European cosmetic series of allergens (Chemotechnique Diagnostics AB, Malmö, Sweden) in rosacea patients and to compare this with the prevalence observed in general population.MethodsIn this prospective monocenter study, 103 patients with rosacea and 104 control subjects were investigated for contact sensitizations via patch testing the cosmetic series including 49 allergens.ResultsAt least one positive allergic reaction was observed in 62 (60.2%) rosacea patients, and in 25 (24.0%) control subjects. Compared with control subjects, rosacea patients were statistically more likely to have positive patch tests. The most common allergens giving positive results were octyl gallate (10.68%), dodecyl gallate (8.74%), tert‐Butylhydroquinone (7.77%), thimerosal (6.80%), euxyl K400 (6.80%), cocamidopropyl betaine (5.83%), and 2,6‐Di‐tert‐butyl‐4‐cresol (4.85%).ConclusionsThis study shows that rosacea patients show a strikingly high prevalence of contact sensitization to cosmetic allergens. We recommend the additional use of cosmetic series for patch testing, and the careful use of cosmetics in rosacea patients if cosmetic contact sensitivity is suspected.
Search for conditions to avoid parametrectomy during radical hysterectomy for cervical cancer
Authors: Ito Fuminori , Sugiura Atsushi , Toyoda Shinji , Itani Yoshio , Iwai Kana , Yamada Yuki , Tanase Yasuhito , Kawaguchi Ryuji , Kobayashi Hiroshi , Kita Tsunekazu 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAimThis study aimed to assess adequate conditions for omitting parametrectomy for stage IB1–IIA2 cervical cancer with the aim of reducing postoperative complications during Type III radical hysterectomy (RH).MethodsWe investigated factors associated with parametrial invasion (PMI) in patients who underwent Type III RH for stage IB1, IB2, IIA1, IIA2 and IIB cervical cancer at two tertiary institutions from November 2006 to February 2018. Both clinicopathological and preoperatively estimated factors were assessed.ResultsOne hundred fifty‐six patients were preoperatively diagnosed with stage IB1 to IIB disease. Thirty‐four patients (21.8%) showed PMI on histological analyses. In the multivariate analysis, an age older than 50 years, tumor size larger than 40 mm, common iliac lymph node metastasis and lymphovascular space invasion were identified as significant risk factors for PMI (P‐values = 0.008, 0.003, 0.004 and 0.004, respectively). The preoperatively estimated risk factors for PMI were an older age, larger tumor size, and common iliac lymph node metastasis (P‐values = 0.007, 0.002 and 0.001, respectively). A combination of these three factors was sufficient to estimate PMI with a high specificity (100%) and positive predictive value (100%) in patients with stage IB1 to IIA2 disease.ConclusionDuring RH, resecting the posterior layer of the vesicouterine ligament and the paracolpium without removing the cardinal ligament (avoiding parametrectomy) might be feasible for stage IB1–IIA2 cervical cancer in patients younger than 50 years presenting with smaller tumors (<40 mm) and no common iliac lymph node metastasis.
The effect of dietary high energy density and carbohydrate energy ratio on digestive enzymes activity, nutrient digestibility, amino acid utilization and intestinal morphology of weaned piglets
Authors: Adebowale Tolulope , Shunshun Jin , Yao Kang 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThis study evaluated the effect of high or low digestible energy ratio of carbohydrate in a high or normal dietary energy density on performance, amino acid utilization and intestinal functions of weaned piglets. A total of 32 healthy weaners (9.60 ± 0.13 kg) were allocated to two dietary energy densities (3,400 and 3,800 kcal/kg) and two digestible energy ratio of carbohydrate to fat (9:1 and 3:1) in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement. There were eight piglets per treatment. The feed intake of piglets was significantly increased by dietary high carbohydrate ratio (9:1) (p < 0.01); however, this did not result in improved body weight gain (p > 0.05). The piglets fed high carbohydrate energy ratio had a reduced villus height/crypt depth (VH/CD) ratio in the duodenum (p < 0.05), and dietary high energy density further decreased the VH/CD ratio in the ileum (p < 0.01). In the duodenum, the lymphocyte count was increased by dietary high energy density (p < 0.05), while dietary energy density and carbohydrate energy ratio interacted to increase lymphocyte count in the ileum (p < 0.05). The serum cholesterol, triglyceride and low‐density lipoprotein were not significantly affected (p > 0.05), but dietary energy density interacted with dietary energy ratio to increase high‐density lipoprotein concentration (p < 0.05) in piglets fed reduced carbohydrate energy ratio. Dietary high energy density reduced energy digestibility (p < 0.05), whereas high carbohydrate energy ratio increased crude protein digestibility in the piglets (p < 0.05). The intestinal sucrase, lactase activities and serum concentrations of histidine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, alanine, glycine, tyrosine and citrulline were higher in the piglets fed dietary increased carbohydrate energy ratio. Oxidative stress markers and volatile fatty acids concentrations were altered by the dietary treatments. It was concluded that dietary high energy density could be detrimental to piglets intestinal functions and that increased carbohydrate energy ratio could affect amino acid utilization and body weight gain in weaner pigs.
Heinrichsia cheilanthoides gen. et sp. nov., a fossil fern in the family Pteridaceae (Polypodiales) from the Cretaceous amber forests of Myanmar
Authors: Regalado Ledis , Schmidt Alexander R. , Müller Patrick , Niedermeier Lisa , Krings Michael , Schneider Harald 
Published: May 2019

AbstractDivergence time estimates suggest that most clades constituting the fern family Pteridaceae (Polypodiales) were in existence by the Early Cretaceous. However, fossil evidence to corroborate this remains exceedingly rare. Burmese amber is an important source of new information on the radiation of derived fern lineages during the Cretaceous Terrestrial Revolution. This study describes Heinrichsia cheilanthoides gen. et sp. nov., a fern with suggested affinities to Pteridaceae, based on fertile foliage portions preserved in Early Cretaceous (~100 Ma) amber from Myanmar. Heinrichsia cheilanthoides is characterized by a pinnate‐pinnatifid frond that bears apical, marginal sori protected by a pseudoindusium. Sporangia are of the polypod type and contain tetrahedral‐globose, trilete spores with a striate perine. This discovery provides a new calibration point to test and refine molecular clock‐based concepts of the evolutionary history of the Pteridaceae. Heinrichsia cheilanthoides further substantiates the suggestion that the Cretaceous forests of Myanmar were home to a rich fern flora.
A review of the rheological properties of dilute and concentrated food emulsions
Authors: Zhu Yuqing , Gao Hongxia , Liu Wei , Zou Liqiang , McClements David Julian 
Published: May 2019

AbstractRheology is a powerful and versatile analytical tool for providing information about changes in the composition, structure, and interactions of food emulsions. Moreover, an understanding of emulsion rheology is essential for designing efficient food processing operations and emulsion‐based foods with the desired physicochemical, sensory, and nutritional attributes, such as appearance, texture, flavor, shelf life, and bioavailability. This article provides a brief overview of the current understanding of food emulsions, with a focus on how their viscosity is related to the properties of the emulsion droplets present.
Production of acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease toxin is affected by addition of cell‐free supernatant prepared from AI‐2‐producing Vibrio harveyi mutant
Authors: Pumkaew Monchai , Taengchaiyaphum Suparat , Powtongsook Sorawit , Pungrasmi Wiboonluk , Sritunyalucksana Kallaya 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAcute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) causes massive mortality in shrimp ponds within the first month poststocking. The causative agent is a specific strain of Vibrio parahaemolyticus (VPAHPND) that has acquired the capability to produce virulent binary toxins called ToxA and ToxB. This study aims to test the effect of the addition of an autoinducer‐2‐containing cell‐free supernatant (CFS) from the mutant Vibrio harveyi (VH) on growth and toxin production of VPAHPND. The relative AI‐2‐like activity in CFS was detected by luminescence assay. The effect of CFS (5 and 9%) on growth and toxin production of VPAHPND was evaluated. Compared to the control culture (without CFS‐VH addition), the addition of either 5 or 9% CFS‐VH affected the growth at the initial stage of VPAHPND. Similar growth profiles of VPAHPND were found with the addition of CFS‐VH at both concentrations. Western blot analysis suggests that the addition of CFS‐VH affected the production of both toxins. ToxA could be detected at the early hour post‐CFS‐VH inoculation, whereas the high amount of ToxB was detected when 5% CFS‐VH was added. However, interfering with the AI‐2 function with furanone, the AI‐2 antagonist resulted in a slight delay in the production of both toxins. Results from this study will help to design a novel strategy to control AHPND in shrimp culture.