bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oser l'expérimentation : l'animation socioculturelle comme outil de la pédagogie universitaire
Authors: Point Christophe 
Published: June 2019

Notre proposition se pose la question des raisons et des ressources du geste « d’enseigner différemment » à l’université française pour les enseignants de philosophie qui déplorent l’absence de pédagogie universitaire. Pour ce faire, nous préciserons notre champ d’analyse dans un premier temps, dans le but de former un rapide état des lieux de l’ingénierie pédagogique universitaire en France pour la philosophie. Celui-ci nous permettra de distinguer trois raisons de l’entrée en pédagogie différente. Puis, dans un second temps nous présenterons une expérimentation menée à l’université pour illustrer les ressources pédagogiques d’une nouvelle posture possible pour l’enseignant ; celle de l’animation socioculturelle.
Cell-Intrinsic Wnt4 Influences Conventional Dendritic Cell Fate Determination to Suppress Type 2 Immunity
Authors: Hung Li-Yin , Johnson John L. , Ji Yingbiao , Christian David A. , Herbine Karl R. , Pastore Christopher F. , Herbert De’Broski R. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Whether conventional dendritic cells (cDC) acquire subset identity under direction of Wnt family glycoproteins is unknown. We demonstrate that Wnt4, a β-catenin–independent Wnt ligand, is produced by both hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic cells and is both necessary and sufficient for preconventional DC1/cDC1 maintenance. Whereas bone marrow cDC precursors undergo phosphoJNK/c-Jun activation upon Wnt4 treatment, loss of cDC Wnt4 in CD11cCreWnt4flox/flox mice impaired differentiation of CD24+, Clec9A+, CD103+ cDC1 compared with CD11cCre controls. Conversely, single-cell RNA sequencing analysis of bone marrow revealed a 2-fold increase in cDC2 gene signature genes, and flow cytometry demonstrated increased numbers of SIRP-α+ cDC2 amid lack of Wnt4. Increased cDC2 numbers due to CD11c-restricted Wnt4 deficiency increased IL-5 production, group 2 innate lymphoid cell expansion, and host resistance to the hookworm parasite Nippostrongylus brasiliensis. Collectively, these data uncover a novel and unexpected role for Wnt4 in cDC subset differentiation and type 2 immunity.
Composure and Composition: Marianne Moore's Serial Imagination
Authors: Wasmoen Nikolaus 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACT
This paper explores how Marianne Moore's reputation as a poet with intellectual precision, which began with her first publications, has obscured some of the emergent features of her early work that culminate in her 1920s long poems “Sea Unicorns and Land Unicorns,” “An Octopus,” and “Marriage.” Moore's precision is achieved through incremental, temporalized processes on the levels of individual poems (through the use of “chromatic” forms such as lists, catalogs, and inventories), groupings or series of poems (through the use of editorial acts of selection, arrangement, and ordering), and in her oeuvre as a whole.
Opposite asymmetries of face and trunk and of kissing and hugging, as predicted by the axial twist hypothesis
Authors: de Lussanet Marc H.E. 
Published: June 2019

The contralateral organization of the forebrain and the crossing of the optic nerves in the optic chiasm represent a long-standing conundrum. According to the Axial Twist Hypothesis (ATH) the rostral head and the rest of the body are twisted with respect to each other to form a left-handed half turn. This twist is the result, mainly, of asymmetric, twisted growth in the early embryo. Evolutionary selection tends to restore bilateral symmetry. Since selective pressure will decrease as the organism approaches symmetry, we expected a small control error in the form of a small, residual right-handed twist. We found that the mouth-eyes-nose (rostral head) region shows a left-offset with respect to the ears (posterior head) by up to 0.8° (P < 0.01, Bonferroni-corrected). Moreover, this systematic aurofacial asymmetry was larger in young children (on average up to 3°) and reduced with age. Finally, we predicted and found a right-sided bias for hugging (78%) and a left-sided bias for kissing (69%). Thus, all predictions were confirmed by the data. These results are all in support of the ATH, whereas the pattern of results is not (or only partly) explained by existing alternative theories. As of the present results, the ATH is the first theory for the contralateral forebrain and the optic chiasm whose predictions have been tested empirically. We conclude that humans (and all other vertebrates) are fundamentally asymmetric, both in their anatomy and their behavior. This supports the thesis that the approximate bilateral symmetry of vertebrates is a secondary feature, despite their being bilaterians.
Superamphiphobic Surfaces with Controllable Adhesion Fabricated by Femtosecond Laser Bessel Beam on PTFE
Authors: Chu Dongkai , Singh Subhash C. , Yong Jiale , Zhan Zhibing , Sun Xiaoyan , Duan Ji‐An , Guo Chunlei 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIn this study, a facile method is presented to fabricate superamphiphobic surfaces with controllable adhesion on polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), for the first time, using femtosecond laser Bessel beam. Compared to previous structures mostly based on 1D microstructure produced by Gaussian beam, the surfaces are characterized by highly uniform 2D periodic hill‐groove structures covered with extensive porous‐mesh nanostructures. Most significantly, the 2D hill‐groove structures have a very high‐aspect‐ratio since the energy distribution of the Bessel beam is more uniform over a longer focusing range. Moreover, the profile of the obtained microstructures is a nearly perfect semi‐spherical shape. As a result, the processed surfaces become superamphiphobic, exhibiting a contact angle of 166° for water and 160° for oil, respectively. Furthermore, the surface adhesion can be controlled from ultralow to ultrahigh by adjusting the period of the hill‐groove 2D‐patterned structures. It is demonstrated that the ultralow adhesion surfaces show excellent antifog and anti‐icing properties, while the ultrahigh adhesion surfaces can be used for water and oil collection. Both surfaces have a good mechanical stability and are stable over a wide range of temperatures. The superamphiphobic PTFE surfaces with tunable adhesion can be used for self‐cleaning, microfluidic systems, and harsh environments.
Nanocomposite of Nitrogen‐Doped Graphene/Polyaniline for Enhanced Ammonia Gas Detection
Authors: Tanguy Nicolas R. , Arjmand Mohammad , Yan Ning 
Published: June 2019

AbstractGraphene nanosheets are widely used for designing functional nanocomposite sensors that are highly sensitive. In this study, nitrogen‐doped reduced graphene oxide (N‐rGO) polyaniline (PANI) nanocomposites composed of localized heterojunctions are prepared for the detection of ammonia, dimethylamine, and trimethylamine gases with superior sensing performances. rGO nanosheets with electrical properties modified via N‐doping are strategically incorporated in p‐type PANI via in situ synthesis, with the nanosheets acting as templates for PANI growth. N‐rGO nanosheets featuring large specific area, high electrical conductivity, and n‐type semiconductive behavior combined with the attractive electrical p‐type characteristics of PANI are found to be highly beneficial for improving detection sensitivity toward ammonia, dimethylamine, and trimethylamine gases at 25 °C. Overall, the detection sensitivity of the advanced N‐rGO nanocomposites is more than two times higher than that of PANI alone. Moreover, the N‐rGO/PANI nanocomposites reach an estimated limit of detection for ammonia gas down to the sub‐ppm range. Improvement in sensing performance is also observed for rGO/PANI and GO/PANI nanocomposites; however, the level of the improvement is less than that of N‐rGO/PANI nanocomposites. This study demonstrates the excellent potential of designing advanced graphene nanocomposite gas sensors with superior performances by manipulating the electronic properties of the graphene nanosheets.
Light to Shape the Future: From Photolithography to 4D Printing
Authors: del Barrio Jesús , Sánchez‐Somolinos Carlos 
Published: June 2019

AbstractOver the last few decades, the demand of polymeric structures with well‐defined features of different size, dimension, and functionality has increased from various application areas, including microelectronics, biotechnology, tissue engineering, and photonics, among others. The ability of light to control over space and time physicochemical processes is a unique tool for the structuring of polymeric materials, opening new avenues for technological progress in different fields of application. This article gives an overview of various photochemical reactions in polymers, photosensitive materials, and structuring techniques making use of light, and highlights most recent advances, emerging opportunities, and relevant applications.
Boosting the Performance of WO3/n‐Si Heterostructures for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting: from the Role of Si to Interface Engineering
Authors: Zhao Yihui , Brocks Geert , Genuit Han , Lavrijsen Reinoud , Verheijen Marcel A. , Bieberle‐Hütter Anja 
Published: June 2019

AbstractMetal oxide/Si heterostructures make up an exciting design route to high‐performance electrodes for photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting. By monochromatic light sources, contributions of the individual layers in WO3/n‐Si heterostructures are untangled. It shows that band bending near the WO3/n‐Si interface is instrumental in charge separation and transport, and in generating a photovoltage that drives the PEC process. A thin metal layer inserted at the WO3/n‐Si interface helps in establishing the relation among the band bending depth, the photovoltage, and the PEC activity. This discovery breaks with the dominant Z‐scheme design idea, which focuses on increasing the conductivity of an interface layer to facilitate charge transport, but ignores the potential profile around the interface. Based on the analysis, a high‐work‐function metal is predicted to provide the best interface layer in WO3/n‐Si heterojunctions. Indeed, the fabricated WO3/Pt/n‐Si photoelectrodes exhibit a 2 times higher photocurrent density at 1.23 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) and a 10 times enhancement at 1.6 V versus RHE compared to WO3/n‐Si. Here, it is essential that the native SiO2layer at the interface between Si and the metal is kept in order to prevent Fermi level pinning in the Schottky contact between the Si and the metal.
Experimental investigation of local bubble properties: Comparison to the sectional quadrature method of moments
Authors: Schäfer Jan , Hlawitschka Mark W. , Attarakih Menwer M. , Bart Hans‐Jörg 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIn recent years, population balance models coupled to computational fluid dynamics have been used as a tool to model bubbly flows. In this work, we established a setup to measure the local size distribution, the velocity and orientation of bubbles in different zones of a bubble column. As a population balance model, we used the sectional quadrature method of moments for the first time in OpenFOAM to simulate the local change in the bubble size distribution and compared its results to the quadrature method of moments as well as to the experimental results. A satisfactory agreement between local experimental values of three investigated flow rates and simulations were found and enables the characterization of heterogeneous bubbly regimes as found in industrial reactive bubble columns.
Lateral nasal wall extension of the nasoseptal flap for skull‐base and medial orbital wall defects
Authors: McCormick Justin , Allen Mark , Kain Joshua J. , Pena‐Garcia Jaime A , Cho Do‐Yeon , Riley Kristen O. , Woodworth Bradford A. 
Published: June 2019

BackgroundSinonasal and skull‐base tumors that previously required open resection can often be completely resected via an endonasal approach. The nasoseptal flap (NSF) is the workhorse vascularized tissue flap for the endoscopic reconstruction of large skull‐base defects from tumor resections. The objective of the current article is to describe a novel modification of the NSF for simultaneous reconstruction of skull‐base and medial orbital wall defects.MethodsAn extension of the standard NSF to include mucosa of the lateral nasal wall was developed for closure of simultaneous skull‐base and medial orbital wall defects. Outcomes including successful cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak closure, orbital edema, and postoperative cosmesis are reported. Eyelid edema was characterized according to the Surgeon Periorbital Rating of Edema and Ecchymosis (SPREE) scale.ResultsThree patients underwent reconstruction using the modified NSF (average age 75 years). The average defect size of the skull base was 3.6 ± 0.1 cm by 2.3 ± 0.2 cm. The average defect size of the medial orbit was 2.7 ± 0.1 cm by 2.6 ± 0.1 cm. All defects were successfully covered intraoperatively using the lateral nasal wall extension of the NSF. Two patients developed mild eyelid edema, whereas 1 individual had no noticeable swelling (SPREE classification 2, 2, and 1). All patients were successfully sealed at last clinical follow up (average 28 weeks).ConclusionThe modification of the NSF described here provides excellent coverage for reconstruction of large anterior skull‐base defects and simultaneous medial orbital wall defects.
Generation of Optical and Mechanical Squeezing in the Linear‐and‐Quadratic Optomechanics
Authors: Gu Wen‐Ju , Yi Zhen , Yan Yan , Sun Li‐Hui 
Published: June 2019

AbstractGeneration of strong stationary optical and mechanical squeezing is proposed for the linear‐and‐quadratic optomechanical system, where two cavity modes induce linear and quadratic optomechanical couplings, respectively. Through the linearization treatment, linearized coupling between cavity mode and mechanical mode and the mechanical parametric amplification process are achievable and controllable by independent driving lasers. Optical and mechanical squeezing are generated following different mechanisms. Optical squeezing works in the strong coupling regime, and mechanical amplification would push the system close to instability threshold, which could deeply improve ponderomotive squeezing even significantly beyond the 3 dB squeezing limit. Mechanical squeezing is generated based on the reservoir engineering method, where parametric amplification induces the squeezing transformation of mechanical mode; and linearized coupling, which operates in the red‐sideband and weak coupling limits, induces the ground‐state cooling of transformed mechanical mode. Finally, the original mechanical mode would be squeezed, which could also exceed 3 dB limit.
General π‐Electron‐Assisted Strategy for Ir, Pt, Ru, Pd, Fe, Ni Single‐Atom Electrocatalysts with Bifunctional Active Sites for Highly Efficient Water Splitting
Authors: Lai Wei‐Hong , Zhang Li‐Fu , Hua Wei‐Bo , Indris Sylvio , Yan Zi‐Chao , Hu Zhe , Zhang Binwei , Liu Yani , Wang Li , Liu Min , Liu Rong , Wang Yun‐Xiao , Wang Jia‐Zhao , Hu Zhenpeng , Liu Hua‐Kun , Chou Shu‐Lei , Dou Shi‐Xue 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBoth the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) are crucial to water splitting, but require alternative active sites. Now, a general π‐electron‐assisted strategy to anchor single‐atom sites (M=Ir, Pt, Ru, Pd, Fe, Ni) on a heterogeneous support is reported. The M atoms can simultaneously anchor on two distinct domains of the hybrid support, four‐fold N/C atoms (M@NC), and centers of Co octahedra (M@Co), which are expected to serve as bifunctional electrocatalysts towards the HER and the OER. The Ir catalyst exhibits the best water‐splitting performance, showing a low applied potential of 1.603 V to achieve 10 mA cm−2 in 1.0 m KOH solution with cycling over 5 h. DFT calculations indicate that the Ir@Co (Ir) sites can accelerate the OER, while the Ir@NC3 sites are responsible for the enhanced HER, clarifying the unprecedented performance of this bifunctional catalyst towards full water splitting.
Stimuli‐Responsive Reversible Switching of Intersystem Crossing in Pure Organic Material for Smart Photodynamic Therapy
Authors: Hu Wenbo , He Tingchao , Zhao Hui , Tao Haojie , Chen Runfeng , Jin Lu , Li Junzi , Fan Quli , Huang Wei , Baev Alexander , Prasad Paras N. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractPhotosensitizers (PSs) with stimuli‐responsive reversible switching of intersystem crossing (ISC) are highly promising for smart photodynamic therapy (PDT), but achieving this goal remains a tremendous challenge. This study introduces a strategy to obtain such reversible switching of ISC in a new class of PSs, which exhibit stimuli‐initiated twisting of conjugated backbone. We present a multidisciplinary approach that includes femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy and quantum chemical calculations. The organic structures reported show remarkably enhanced ISC efficiency (ΦISC), switching from nearly 0 to 90 %, through an increase in the degree of twisting, providing an innovative mechanism to promote ISC. This leads us to propose here and demonstrate the concept of smart PDT, where pH‐induced reversible twisting maximizes the ISC rate, and thus enables strong photodynamic action only under pathological stimulus (such as change in pH, hypoxia, or exposure to enzymes). The ISC process is turned off to deactivate PDT ability, when the PS is transferred or metabolized away from pathological region.
Landscape factors predict local extirpation in an imperilled minnow species, the bridle shiner (Notropis bifrenatus)
Authors: Pregler Kasey C. , Hagstrom Neal , Schultz Eric T. , Vokoun Jason C. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Local extirpation events are often poorly documented and the causes are not well understood. A case in point is the bridle shiner (Notropis bifrenatus), a cyprinid that is declining and carries various conservation listings over most of its range.
Recent research suggested that the apparent decline of the bridle shiner in the state of Connecticut may be in part an artefact of changes in survey methods: seining has been replaced by electrofishing, which is less efficient in bridle shiner habitat. The present study included a re‐evaluation of the distribution of the species in light of this recent finding.
Historical sites in Connecticut were seined, and it was found that nine populations once thought to be extirpated were in fact extant. Nonetheless, bridle shiner occurrences have declined by 60% over 50 years. Potential correlates of extirpation, such as landscape and habitat fragmentation metrics, were identified using geospatial tools. Through an information‐theoretic approach, models were constructed to investigate the relative contribution of land use and habitat fragmentation to the extirpation of the bridle shiner.
Land use had greater support as a correlate of the decline, and the current bridle shiner distribution in Connecticut could be explained by areas of high forest cover and low impervious cover. It is hypothesized that the adverse impacts of land use on the bridle shiner are attributable to its ecological specialization on submerged vegetation, notwithstanding its otherwise broad physiochemical tolerance.
These results provide needed context on the decline of this species and provide potential avenues for conservation actions. This research emphasizes the impacts that land alterations can have on freshwater species and the importance of accurately characterizing extirpation events.
Cajal's Interactions with Sherrington and the Croonian Lecture
Authors: De Carlos Juan A. , Molnár Zoltán 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTSherrington was a major proponent of the neuron doctrine and he was inspired by Santiago Ramón y Cajal's theory of dynamic polarization of nerve cells (Ley de la polarización dinámica de la célula nerviosa). Sherrington coined the term “synapse” to name the Cajal description of interneuronal contact and he gave the term, for functional nerve endings, as “Boutons terminaux,” still used today. These two giants of neuroscience met only once, but they had a life‐long friendship. It was Sherrington who wrote Cajal's Obituary for the Royal Society. We review here some of the scientific exchanges between Cajal and Sherrington, with particular attention to 1894, when the two neuroscientist met in London during Cajal's visit to deliver the Croonian Lecture to the Royal Society. We shall examine not only the scientific exchanges but also their friendship, which was immediate and strong. Anat Rec, 303:1181–1188, 2020. © 2019 American Association for Anatomy
Skeletal mesh animation driven by few positional constraints
Authors: Le Naour T. , Courty N. , Gibet S. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIn this paper, we propose a whole animation pipeline for data‐driven character animation. Considering that the traditional animation pipeline, including skeleton reconstruction from markers, rigging, and retargeting, is subject to potential loss of information and precision, our objective is to control in real time articulated meshes from a low number of positional constraints. Our method is based on an efficient deformation technique that integrates into a volumetric control structure the high‐resolution mesh, the skeleton, and relevant marker locations. An iterative optimization method, which preserves both geometric characteristics, segment lengths and joint limits, is applied to this structure. We show the ability of our system to interactively animate and deform high‐resolution models from few positional constraints while keeping all the details of the movement.
Fe‐Doped Nickel Hydroxide/Nickel Oxyhydroxide Function as an Efficient Catalyst for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Mahala Chavi , Devi Sharma Mamta , Basu Mrinmoyee 
Published: June 2019

AbstractDesigning metal hydroxide electrocatalysts with high efficiency to overcome the slow reaction kinetics of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is considered as a significant approach for renewable energy resources. We report here a simple methodology to synthesize 2D thin nickel hydroxide/nickel oxyhydroxide sheets that show efficient activity towards OER. Further, by doping with a heteroatom, Fe, thinner sheets of nickel hydroxide/nickel oxyhydroxide are developed, which exhibit enhanced electrocatalytic activity towards OER with high durability. Fe‐doped Ni(OH)2/NiOOH requires only 200 mV overpotential to produce 10 mA/cm2, whereas bare Ni(OH)2/NiOOH needs 290 mV overpotential. Moreover, Fe‐doped nickel hydroxide/nickel oxyhydroxide shows a minimal Tafel value of 48 mV/decade, which is even lower than RuO2/CC (82 mV/decade). X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicates that in the case of Fe‐doped Ni(OH)2/NiOOH, the Ni3+ signal enhances, which indicates the favourable stabilization of Ni3+ in the presence of Fe3+ dopant. Under electrochemical OER conditions, in Fe‐doped Ni(OH)2/NiOOH, Fe3+ species help to generate more Ni3+, which function as the active species. Fe0.06Ni0.94(OH)2/NiOOH shows long‐term stability for at least 24 hours in alkaline medium. This work unveils a green strategy for Fe‐doping in 2D thin sheets of Ni(OH)2/NiOOH, which show improved electrocatalytic activity compared to bare Ni(OH)2/NiOOH. The mechanism of OER activity enhancement after Fe‐doping is proposed here.