bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
From Cross-Cultural Economic Experiments to Experimental Indigenous Management Research – A Suggestion
Authors: Horak Sven 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACTThis study provides an overview, categorization, and integration of what has been achieved in the niche of cross-culture experimental economics (CCEE) so far, aiming to inspire indigenous management researchers to extend their methodological toolbox by including experimental methods. As a result of the review, I find that most of the early studies lack depth and contextualization as well as detailed explanation aboutwhyhuman behavior differs. Hence, a better understanding about the influence of culture on economic decision-making is rather limited if it cannot be explained in more detail. In contrast, deep contextualization is a principle in indigenous management research (IMR). Both have so far not benefited from each other in the study of how culture affects human behavior, as both currently develop in parallel. Following the call for high-quality IMR (Tsui, 2004), this paper argues that an experimental methodology can make a contribution to IMR in the future by drawing on the strengths of both IMR (i.e., contextualization) and CCEE (i.e., methodology).
Sedimentary provenance and maximum depositional age analysis of the Cretaceous? Lapur and Muruanachok sandstones (Turkana Grits), Turkana Basin, Kenya
Authors: Agyemang Prince C. Owusu , Roberts Eric M. , Downie Bob , Sertich Joseph J. W. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe Turkana Basin of northwestern Kenya is well known for its rich Neogene–Quaternary vertebrate fossil record; however, it also represents one of the few locations in sub-Saharan Africa where Cretaceous vertebrate fossils, including dinosaurs and other archosaurs, are preserved. These Cretaceous deposits are colloquially referred to as the ‘Turkana Grits’, and assumed to be Cretaceous in age based on their limited biostratigraphy. The ‘Turkana Grits’ are overlain by Palaeogene volcanic rocks (&lt;35 Ma), which are widely considered to record the earliest evidence of plume-related volcanism in the East African Rift System. In this study, we present the results of an integrated sedimentary provenance investigation of two units within the ‘Turkana Grits’ called the Lapur and Muruanachok sandstones. Analysis of U–Pb ages and Lu–Hf initial ɛHf(t) values from 1106 detrital zircons demonstrate that sediments are primarily derived from Neoarchaean and Neoproterozoic basement sources, except for six Palaeogene grains from the upper Lapur Sandstone, which are of unknown provenance. Considered together, these data point to the Mozambique Belt, which makes up the nearby rift flanks, as the primary provenance source. This is consistent with palaeocurrent data, and suggests localized sediment input by alluvial fans, which fed into NNW-directed fluvial systems. Perhaps the most surprising finding is the identification of the late Paleocene detrital zircons, which not only demonstrate that the depositional age for the top of the formation is Paleocene rather than Cretaceous, but also provides possible evidence for the oldest Palaeogene volcanic activity within the East African Rift System.
Modelling the partial melting of metasediments in a low-pressure regional contact aureole: the effect of water and whole-rock composition
Authors: Wang Wei-(RZ) , Clarke Geoffrey , Daczko Nathan R. , Zhao Yue 
Published: December 2018

AbstractLow-pressure regional aureoles with steep metamorphic field gradients are critical to understanding progressive metamorphism in high-temperature metasedimentary rocks. Delicately layered pelitic and psammitic metasedimentary rocks at Mt Stafford, central Australia, record a greenschist- to granulite-facies Palaeoproterozoic regional aureole, associated with S-type granite plutons, reflecting metamorphism in the range 500–800 °C and at ∼3 kbar. The rocks experienced minimal deformation during metamorphism and partial melting. Partial melting textures evolve progressively along the steep metamorphic field gradient from the incipient stages of melting marked by cuspate grains with low dihedral angles, to melt proportions sufficient to form diatexite with schollen. Phase equilibria modelling in the NCKFMASHTO system for pelitic, semi-pelitic and high- and low-ferromagnesian psammitic samples quantitatively illustrates the dependence of partial melting on rock composition and water volume. Pelitic compositions are more fertile than psammitic compositions when the water content in the rocks is low, especially during the early stages of melting. The whole-rock ferromagnesian component additionally influences melt fertility, with ferromagnesian-rich psammite being more fertile than psammite with a lower ferromagnesian component. Subtle variations in free water content can result in obvious changes in melt volume but limited variation in melt composition. Distinct melting histories of pelitic and psammitic rocks inferred from field relationships may be partially attributed to potential differences in water volume retained to super-solidus conditions. Melt composition is more dependent on the rock composition than the variation in water content.
INSTITUTIONAL BALANCE AND SINCERE COOPERATION IN TREATY-MAKING UNDER EU LAW
Authors: Koutrakos Panos 
Published: December 2018

AbstractA stream of recent judgments by the Grand Chamber of the European Court of Justice has shed light on the procedures that govern treaty-making by the European Union. This article explores how this case law approaches the principle of institutional balance and the duty of cooperation between the institutions. It argues that the former is construed in a balanced manner on the basis of a literal interpretation of primary law that promotes strict compliance with procedural rules and does not favour a particular institution. As for the duty of cooperation, whilst its procedural dimension is strengthened, its scope remains somewhat elusive. The analysis identifies a pragmatic streak in the Court's balanced approach, and argues that there is an inherent limit to the impact of constitutional law on inter-institutional disputes. Ultimately, the less time and energy the institutions waste on turf wars about their procedural powers, the greater their contribution to inceasing the efficiency of the Union's treaty-making practice.
Sexual risk behaviour in a cohort of HIV-negative and HIV-positive Rwandan women
Authors: Mukanyangezi M. F. , Manzi O. , Tobin G. , Rulisa S. , Bienvenu E. , Giglio D. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractHere we wanted to assess whether sexual risk behaviour differs dependent by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status by following 100 HIV− and 137 HIV+ women recruited at two university teaching hospitals in Rwanda. Women were tested for sexually transmitted infections (STIs; trichomoniasis, syphilis, hepatitis B and C) and for reproductive tract infections (RTIs; candidiasis, bacterial vaginosis (BV)) and were interviewed at baseline and 9 months later. BV was the most prevalent infection, while syphilis was the most common STI with a 9-month incidence of 10.9% in HIV+ women. Only 24.5% of women positive for any RTI/STI contacted their health facility and got treatment. More HIV− women than HIV+ women had had more than one sexual partner and never used condoms during the follow-up period. The use of condoms was affected neither by marital status nor by concomitant STIs besides HIV. Our data highlight the importance of public education regarding condom use to protect against STIs in an era when HIV no longer is a death sentence.
Dynamic transmission model of routine mumps vaccination in Japan
Authors: Kitano Taito 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe mumps vaccine is not included in the national immunisation programme (NIP) of approximately 80 countries including Japan. To investigate the vaccine's cost-effectiveness, we developed a dynamic transmission model for routine one- and two-dose mumps vaccination programs in Japan. We calculated the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio compared with a current programme over a projected 50-year period. We created a Japanese population model and performed dynamic simulation to estimate the number of patients enrolled in the current programme, the routine one-dose programme, and the routine two-dose programme over the next 50 years using the Berkeley Madonna program. We estimated the medical and social costs of natural mumps infections and vaccinations to analyse cost-effectiveness. Finally, we performed a sensitivity analysis with parameters including vaccine cost, vaccine efficacy, medical costs per case, social costs per case, incidence of adverse events and discount rate. Base case analysis showed that both the one-dose and two-dose programmes predominated and that quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) were saved, compared with the current programme. The medical costs, total cost and QALYs saved during the study period in the two-dose programme compared with the current programme were 217 billion JPY, 860 billion JPY and 184 779, respectively. The two-dose programme surpassed the one-dose programme throughout the study period. In all the scenarios of the sensitivity analysis, two-dose vaccination was better than the one-dose programme. This simulation confirmed that the routine two-dose vaccination programme was more cost-effective and QALY-saving than either the one-dose programme or the current programme. Because of the variability of the results between the various models, further simulations with different models should be conducted.
Edwards Inspiris Resilia® valve for mitral replacement in an infant after mechanical valve failure
Authors: Jaworski Radoslaw , Kansy Andrzej , Birbach Mariusz , Brodzikowska-Pytel Anna , Kowalczyk-Domagala Monika , Brzezinska-Rajszys Grazyna , Maruszewski Bohdan 
Published: December 2018

AbstractWe present the surgical implantation of the Edwards Inspiris Resilia® aortic valve in mitral position for mechanical mitral valve failure in a severely ill infant after valve replacement because of anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery. The biological valve was chosen because the child could not receive oral anticoagulation and was for several months on heparin infusion. The procedure was safely performed with good haemodynamic result.
Secondary Fluorescence in WDS: The Role of Spectrometer Positioning
Authors: Buse Ben , Wade Jon , Llovet Xavier , Kearns Stuart , Donovan John J. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractSecondary fluorescence (SF), typically a minor error in routine electron probe microanalysis (EPMA), may not be negligible when performing high precision trace element analyses in multiphase samples. Other factors, notably wavelength dispersive spectrometer defocusing, may introduce analytical artifacts. To explore these issues, we measured EPMA transects across two material couples chosen for their high fluorescence yield. We measured transects away from the fluorescent phase, and at various orientations with respect to the spectrometer focal line. Compared to calculations using both the Monte Carlo simulation code PENEPMA and the semi-analytical model FANAL, both codes estimate the magnitude of SF, but accurate correction requires knowledge of the position of the spectrometer with respect to the couple interface. Positioned over the fluorescent phase or otherwise results in a factor of 1.2–1.8 of apparent change in SF yield. SF and spectrometer defocusing may introduce systematic errors into trace element analyses, both may be adequately accounted for by modeling. Of the two, however, SF is the dominant error, resulting in 0.1 wt% Zn apparently present in Al at 100 μm away from the Zn boundary in an Al/Zn couple. Of this, around 200 ppm Zn can be attributed to spectrometer defocusing.
Long-bone development and life-history traits of the Devonian tristichopterid Hyneria lindae
Authors: KAMSKA Viktoriia , DAESCHLER Edward B. , DOWNS Jason P. , AHLBERG Per E. , TAFFOREAU Paul , SANCHEZ Sophie 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACTHyneria lindae is one of the largest Devonian sarcopterygians. It was found in the Catskill Formation (late Famennian) of Pennsylvania, USA. The current study focuses on the palaeohistology of the humerus of this tristichopterid and supports a low ossification rate and a late ossification onset in the appendicular skeleton. In addition to anatomical features, the large size of the cell lacunae in the cortical bone of the humerus mid-shaft may suggest a large genome size and associated neotenic condition for this species, which could, in turn, be a partial explanation for the large size of H. lindae. The low metabolism of H. lindae revealed here by bone histology supports the hypothesis of an ambush predatory behaviour. Finally, the lines-of-arrested-growth pattern and late ossification of specimen ANSP 21483 suggest that H. lindae probably had a long juvenile stage before reaching sexual maturity. Although very few studies address the life-history traits of stem tetrapods, they all propose a slow limb development for the studied taxa despite different ecological conditions and presumably distinct behaviours. The bone histology of H. lindae would favour the hypothesis that a slow long-bone development could be a general character for stem tetrapods.
Bandwidth enhancement using modified L-probe fed slotted patch antenna for WLAN and UMTS applications
Authors: Tiwari Rakesh N. , Singh Prabhakar , Kumar Kanaujia Binod 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIn this paper, two different radiating structures fed with modified L-probe, are reported using a circuit theory concept. The proposed antennas are operating in wireless local area network (WLAN) and universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS) frequency bands. In the first design, an E-shaped patch is studied to increase the bandwidth. It is observed that the bandwidth is directly proportional to notch dimensions. In the second design, E-shaped patch is modified to reduce the antenna size up to 30% with high bandwidth. In the first design, measured bandwidth and gain achieved are 32.68% (1.92–2.67 GHz) and 8.43 dBi while in second design it is 34.19% (1.94–2.74 GHz) and 8.39 dBi, respectively. Radiation patterns for both the antennas are symmetrical and broadside in nature. The proposed antennas are fabricated and measured results compare well with the theoretical and simulated results.
Cheating on Unproctored Internet Test Applications: An Analysis of a Verification Test in a Real Personnel Selection Context
Authors: Aguado David , Vidal Alejandro , Olea Julio , Ponsoda Vicente , Barrada Juan Ramón , Abad Francisco José 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThis study analyses the extent to which cheating occurs in a real selection setting. A two-stage, unproctored and proctored, test administration was considered. Test score inconsistencies were concluded by applying a verification test (Guo and Drasgow Z-test). An initial simulation study showed that the Z-test has adequate Type I error and power rates in the specific selection settings explored. A second study applied the Z-test statistic verification procedure to a sample of 954 employment candidates. Additional external evidence based on item time response to the verification items was gathered. The results revealed a good performance of the Z-test statistic and a relatively low, but non-negligible, number of suspected cheaters that showed higher distorted ability estimates. The study with real data provided additional information on the presence of suspected cheating in unproctored applications and the viability of using item response times as an additional evidence of cheating. In the verification test, suspected cheaters spent 5.78 seconds per item more than expected considering the item difficulty and their assumed ability in the unproctored stage. We found that the percentage of suspected cheaters in the empirical study could be estimated at 13.84%. In summary, the study provides evidence of the usefulness of the Z-test in the detection of cheating in a specific setting, in which a computerized adaptive test for assessing English grammar knowledge was used for personnel selection.
Identifying Environmental Risk Factors and Mapping the Distribution of West Nile Virus in an Endemic Region of North America
Authors: Hess A. , Davis J. K. , Wimberly M. C. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractUnderstanding the geographic distribution of mosquito‐borne disease and mapping disease risk are important for prevention and control efforts. Mosquito‐borne viruses (arboviruses), such as West Nile virus (WNV), are highly dependent on environmental conditions. Therefore, the use of environmental data can help in making spatial predictions of disease distribution. We used geocoded human case data for 2004–2017 and population‐weighted control points in combination with multiple geospatial environmental data sets to assess the environmental drivers of WNV cases and to map relative infection risk in South Dakota, USA. We compared the effectiveness of (1) land cover and physiography data, (2) climate data, and (3) spectral data for mapping the risk of WNV in South Dakota. A final model combining all data sets was used to predict spatial patterns of disease transmission and characterize the associations between environmental factors and WNV risk. We used a boosted regression tree model to identify the most important variables driving WNV risk and generated risk maps by applying this model across the entire state. We found that combining multiple sources of environmental data resulted in the most accurate predictions. Elevation, late‐season humidity, and early‐season surface moisture were the most important predictors of disease distribution. Indices that quantified interannual variability of climatic conditions and land surface moisture were better predictors than interannual means. We suggest that combining measures of interannual environmental variability with static land cover and physiography variables can help to improve spatial predictions of arbovirus transmission risk.
Adaptive Tsunami Source Inversion Using Optimizations and the Reciprocity Principle
Authors: Mulia Iyan E. , Gusman Aditya Riadi , Jakir Hossen M. , Satake Kenji 
Published: December 2018

AbstractWe propose an advanced two‐step tsunami source inversion method with adaptive Green's functions by applying an optimization and a reciprocity principle. The method first reconstructs the sea surface displacement from observed tsunami waveforms based on a superposition of Gaussian‐shaped unit sources. In the first step, we optimize the unit source locations that give the best fit of waveforms to observations. This leads to nonequidistantly distributed unit sources, in which the synthetic waveforms from such sources to the observation points are generated using the reciprocity principle to save computational efforts of Green's functions. In the second step, the reconstructed sea surface displacement is used to estimate the slip on a finite fault plane. We also optimize the fault parameters that produce the closest displacement pattern to the first step result. Therefore, our method provides best fitting of waveforms and optimum fault parameters with automation for the process. The current method improves our previous studies, in terms of the construction of tsunami Green's functions using the reciprocity principle and determination of fault parameters through the optimization. We test the proposed method using tsunami data of the 2004 Kii Peninsula, Japan event generated by an Mw 7.4 intraplate earthquake. The overall waveform fit that resulted from our method shows much better agreement with the observations compared to that of the conventional approach, and the estimated fault depth is more consistent with the relocated aftershock distribution.
A Predictive Model for the Streamwise Velocity in the Near‐Neutral Atmospheric Surface Layer
Authors: Han Guo Wen , Liu Li , Bo Tian Li , Zheng Xiao Jing 
Published: December 2018

AbstractFor the reconstruction of the streamwise velocity field in the high‐Reynolds‐number (Reτ ≈ Ο(106)) near‐neutral atmospheric surface layer (ASL), a predictive model was proposed in our work. In our model, the streamwise velocity time series at each height are predicted by the superposition of mean velocity, small‐scale turbulent signals, and large‐scale turbulent signals. All the parameters used by our model have clear physical meaning. In addition, the parameters can be directly determined by the experiment that is easy to be achieved in the ASL. The model can predict the streamwise velocity between 0.9 and 30 m in the near‐neutral ASL based only on single‐point‐measured large‐scale streamwise velocity signal. For example, mean velocity, turbulence intensity, and power spectrum of streamwise velocity can be predicted by the new model. Furthermore, the streamwise velocity time series predicted by the new model have a good correlation with the directly measured results, especially for large‐scale structures. It indicates that our model can be used to reconstruct the streamwise velocity field in the logarithmic region of the near‐neutral ASL, and our model is an important complement to the Marusic‐Mathis‐Hutchins model.
The Efficient High‐Resolution SAR Reconstruction Imaging Algorithms for Three‐Dimensional Electrically Large‐Scale Targets in Clutter
Authors: Wu Xia 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIn recent years, significant effort of both the scientific and industrial community is invested in research and development of multifrequency, multipolarization, and high‐resolution synthetic aperture radar (SAR) systems. One of the key issues is to realize efficient methods for imaging, reconstruction, and target detection of three‐dimensional (3‐D) electrically large‐scale objects. In this paper, an advanced multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) SAR based on high‐resolution imaging algorithm was developed. Specifically, a reasonable sea surface model to quantify the influence of physical parameters in clutter was yielded as well. The SAR simulation system includes the following: (i) refined geometric‐electromagnetic modeling by Gmsh, (ii) a dynamic sea surface model, (iii) single‐input multiple‐output (SIMO) radar imaging formation by employing a fast backprojection algorithm, (iv) design of MIMO antenna arrays to achieve a good trade‐off between the main beam width and the side lobe level, (v) 3‐D SAR imaging algorithm on the basis of optimized physical optics for electromagnetic scattering computation, and (vi) hardware acceleration technique using graphics processing unit. Finally, numerical experiments indicate that 3‐D visualization of sphere, and examples of fighter aircraft and aircraft carrier are generated within 200 s, further proving correctness and effectiveness of the developed 3‐D MIMO SAR imaging algorithm.