bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Monuments, museums, and skyscrapers: The building and decorative stones of downtown Indianapolis
Authors: Hannibal Joseph T. , Holstein Ann L. 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
This walking trip examines local and imported stones used for a wide variety of monuments, museums, skyscrapers, and other structures in downtown Indianapolis. These include Christ Church Cathedral, the Indiana War Memorial, the Indiana Statehouse, the Indiana State Museum, the Eiteljorg Museum of American Indian Art, and an assortment of skyscrapers and other buildings of interest because of the local and imported stones used in their construction. Special attention is given to the spectacular use of stone for the Indiana War Memorial, which is patterned after the tomb of Mausoleus. The origin, composition, weathering, and in some cases replacement of stone used for these varied structures built over a span of a century-and-a-half is discussed. Attention is also given to the use of faux stone, use of stone versus glass, weathering and cleaning of stone, bowing of marble, and biocolonization of building stone.
On the backs of giants: Geology of the Kentland impact structure, Newton County (Kentland) Quarry, Indiana (USA)—Building on Ray Gutschick’s legacy
Authors: Weber* John C. , Elmore R. Douglas , Hamilton Christina , Alder Andrew , Koeberl Christian , Pope Mike 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
We summarize and then build on the three decades of geological mapping and analyses done by Ray Gutschick at the Newton County (Kentland) quarry. We present our own new data and ideas on the kinematics and significance of radial faults, shock metamorphism, petrography and diagenesis of impact breccia dikes, impactite geochemistry, and a preliminary new paleomagnetically determined Jurassic age for the crater. We list and describe the stops for this field excursion.
The science and industry of the Permian Hutchinson Salt
Authors: Schulmeister Marcia K. , Andeskie Anna Sofia , Benison Kathleen C. 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
The 120-m-thick Hutchinson Salt Member of the Permian Wellington Formation of central Kansas supports multiple industries. Composed of bedded halite, gypsum/anhydrite, and minor siliciclastic mudstone, it was deposited by shallow saline waters in a warm, dry climate. Underground salt mines access the purest horizon, producing salt that is distributed through the United States and Canada. The vast space left by mining supports a prosperous commercial storage enterprise and a popular underground tourist attraction. Vertical solution-mined caverns host the nation’s primary midcontinent liquid petroleum gas storage industry. This field trip will explore the origin and use of the Hutchinson Salt in core samples and subsurface outcrops while meeting in an underground salt cavern, and above ground at a solution-mined storage cavern.
Windows into the Cretaceous mantle of the North American midcontinent—Kimberlites of Riley County, Kansas
Authors: Kempton* Pamela D. , Rogers KayLeigh , Brueseke Matthew E. 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
This field guide covers a half-day tour of three localities representative of the Cretaceous kimberlites of Riley and Marshall Counties in northeastern Kansas: Stockdale, Bala, and Winkler Crater. The kimberlites are porphyritic with phenocrysts of olivine and smaller amounts of pyroxene, magnetite, ilmenite, pyrope garnet, and/or phlogopite. Most of the kimberlites include abundant shallow crustal xenoliths of altered shale or sedimentary carbonate; igneous and metamorphic xenoliths from the lower crust and upper mantle occur but are less common. The kimberlites can be divided into two types, micaceous and non-micaceous. Examples of both kimberlite types will be examined during the field trip—Stockdale and Winkler Crater are micaceous kimberlites, whereas Bala is non-micaceous. The existence of kimberlites in the midcontinent of North America has long been controversial. In Kansas, they erupted through Proterozoic (1.8–1.6 Ga) basement that was accreted to the southeastern margin of North America, raising the question of how the conditions for kimberlitic melt genesis can be met so far from thick Archean craton (e.g., thick lithosphere &gt;200 km where volatile and trace element–enriched melts can form and accumulate). However, recent geophysical data indicate that the kimberlites were generated within the boundary between thick Proterozoic lithosphere to the east, where depth to the lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary (LAB) is at least 200 km, and regions to the west where the LAB is &lt;190 km as thick cratonic lithosphere thins into Mesozoic extensional basins. New ground gravity data show that the kimberlite pipes are oriented in a NE–SW direction, parallel to the Precambrian Midcontinent rift, which occurs in the subsurface west of the kimberlite field. The data indicate that the kimberlites took advantage of preexisting structural weaknesses that were reactivated in the Cretaceous.
Thiamine dose response in human milk with supplementation among lactating women in Cambodia: study protocol for a double-blind, four-parallel arm randomised controlled trial
Authors: Whitfield Kyly C , Kroeun Hou , Green Tim , Wieringa Frank T , Borath Mam , Sophonneary Prak , Measelle Jeffrey R , Baldwin Dare , Yelland Lisa N , Leemaqz Shalem , Chan Kathleen , Gallant Jelisa 
Published: July 2019

IntroductionThiamine (vitamin B1) deficiency remains a concern in Cambodia where women with low thiamine intake produce thiamine-poor milk, putting their breastfed infants at risk of impaired cognitive development and potentially fatal infantile beriberi. Thiamine fortification of salt is a potentially low-cost, passive means of combating thiamine deficiency; however, both the dose of thiamine required to optimise milk thiamine concentrations as well as usual salt intake of lactating women are unknown.Methods and analysisIn this community-based randomised controlled trial, 320 lactating women from Kampong Thom, Cambodia will be randomised to one of four groups to consume one capsule daily containing 0, 1.2, 2.4 or 10 mg thiamine as thiamine hydrochloride, between 2 and 24 weeks postnatal. The primary objective is to estimate the dose where additional maternal intake of thiamine no longer meaningfully increases infant thiamine diphosphate concentrations 24 weeks postnatally. At 2, 12 and 24 weeks, we will collect sociodemographic, nutrition and health information, a battery of cognitive assessments, maternal (2 and 24 weeks) and infant (24 weeks only) venous blood samples (biomarkers: ThDP and transketolase activity) and human milk samples (also at 4 weeks; biomarker: milk thiamine concentrations). All participants and their families will consume study-provided saltad libitumthroughout the trial, and we will measure salt disappearance each fortnight. Repeat weighed salt intakes and urinary sodium concentrations will be measured among a subset of 100 participants. Parameters of Emaxdose–response curves will be estimated using non-linear least squares models with both ‘intention to treat’ and a secondary ‘per-protocol’ (capsule compliance ≥80%) analyses.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval was obtained in Cambodia (National Ethics Committee for Health Research 112/250NECHR), Canada (Mount Saint Vincent University Research Ethics Board 2017–141) and the USA (University of Oregon Institutional Review Board 07052018.008). Results will be shared with participants’ communities, as well as relevant government and scientific stakeholders via presentations, academic manuscripts and consultations.Trial registration numberNCT03616288.
Land use planning based on soil and water assessment tool model in a mountainous watershed to reduce runoff and sediment load
Authors: Hemmat Jou Mohammad Hossein , Namdar Khojasteh Davood , Besalatpour Ali Asghar 
Published: July 2019

Soil erosion is a major environmental threat to the sustainability and productive capacity of soils. This study aimed to identify optimal land use types for Zayandehrood watershed in central Iran for the first time which is large and mountainous to minimize runoff production and soil loss. Two different types of land use data for two scenarios were developed using soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) in combination with Sequential Uncertainty Fitting Program (SUFI-2) at the subbasin level with uncertainty analysis to explicitly quantify hydrological components on a daily time step. In the first scenario, the current land use map of the study area was used, and the second scenario was constructed using an optimal land use map obtained from a land evaluation study. Promotion of the land uses in the second scenario resulted in a noticeable reduction in discharge and sediment productions in the watershed. The simulated mean discharge values by the scenarios 1 and 2 were approximately 14 658 and 13 290 m3 yr−1, respectively. The mean annual sediment yield simulated by the scenario 1 (approximately 122 220 t yr−1) decreased to that of the scenario 2 (94 440 t yr−1). This study provides a strong basis for reducing runoff and sediment yields in central Iran; however, its general analytical framework could be applied to other parts of the world that are facing similar challenges.
Malaysian AIDS Council: The “PutItOn” Campaign
Authors: Lau Li Lin , Quoquab Farzana , Hamid Abu Bakar Abdul 
Published: July 2019

This case illustrates the issues pertaining to the “PutItOn” campaign promotion launched by the Malaysian AIDS Council (MAC). This case primarily discusses the social marketing challenges encountered by MAC with the task to promote intervention programs on condom use and women’s safe sex practices to influence social change. However, promoting condom use is regarded as taboo and is not allowed to be mentioned in Malaysian mainstream mass media because of restrictions by the Communications and Multimedia Act. The government also cannot openly advocate condom use because of sociocultural sensitivity. In addition, some people might misinterpret promoting condom use as encouraging promiscuity. On the other hand, official statistics show that new HIV cases have shifted the trend from men to women in recent years, and the major factor for women infected by HIV was through sexual transmission. Dr. Suzi, communication manager of MAC, is in charge of the “PutItOn” campaign. She faced difficulty in increasing awareness among women about the campaign with the consideration of social and cultural issues. The campaign was launched in December 2014, but not many people seemed aware of this campaign after four months of its launch. The chairman of MAF, Dr. Roselina, advised her to come up with an effective promotional strategy for the “PutItOn” campaign by April. Dr. Suzi had only one month to devise a plan to solve the problem; otherwise, MAC has to close the campaign. Dr. Suzi was worried about the sociocultural pressure to promote the “PutItOn” campaign.
Short-term resistance training with instability reduces impairment in V wave and H reflex in individuals with Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Silva-Batista Carla , Lira Jumes Leopoldino de Oliveira , David Fabian J. , Corcos Daniel M. , Mattos Eugenia Casella Tavares , Boari Coelho Daniel , de Lima-Pardini Andrea C. , Torriani-Pasin Camila , de Freitas Tatiana Beline , Ugrinowitsch Carlos 
Published: July 2019

This study had two objectives: 1) to compare the effects of 3 wk of resistance training (RT) and resistance training with instability (RTI) on evoked reflex responses at rest and during maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) of individuals with Parkinson’s disease (PD) and 2) to determine the effectiveness of RT and RTI in moving values of evoked reflex responses of individuals with PD toward values of age-matched healthy control subjects (HCs) ( z-score analysis). Ten individuals in the RT group and 10 in the RTI group performed resistance exercises twice a week for 3 wk, but only the RTI group included unstable devices. The HC group ( n = 10) were assessed at pretest only. Evoked reflex responses at rest (H reflex and M wave) and during MVIC [supramaximal M-wave amplitude (Msup) and supramaximal V-wave amplitude (Vsup)] of the plantar flexors were assessed before and after the experimental protocol. From pretraining to posttraining, only RTI increased ratio of maximal H-reflex amplitude to maximal M-wave amplitude at rest (Hmax/Mmax), Msup, Vsup/Msup, and peak torque of the plantar flexors ( P < 0.05). At posttraining, RTI was more effective than RT in increasing resting Hmax and Vsup and in moving these values to those observed in HCs ( P < 0.05). We conclude that short-term RTI is more effective than short-term RT in modulating H-reflex excitability and in increasing efferent neural drive, approaching average values of HCs. Thus short-term RTI may cause positive changes at the spinal and supraspinal levels in individuals with PD. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Maximal H-reflex amplitude (Hmax) at rest and efferent neural drive [i.e., supramaximal V-wave amplitude (Vsup)] to skeletal muscles during maximal contraction are impaired in individuals with Parkinson’s disease. Short-term resistance training with instability was more effective than short-term resistance training alone in increasing Hmax and Vsup of individuals with Parkinson’s disease, reaching the average values of healthy control subjects.
Stereotactic system for accurately targeting deep brain structures in awake head-fixed mice
Authors: Katz Yonatan , Sokoletsky Michael , Lampl Ilan 
Published: July 2019

Deep brain nuclei, such as the amygdala, nucleus basalis, and locus coeruleus, play a crucial role in cognition and behavior. Nonetheless, acutely recording electrical activity from these structures in head-fixed awake rodents has been very challenging due to the fact that head-fixed preparations are not designed for stereotactic accuracy. We overcome this issue by designing the DeepTarget, a system for stereotactic head fixation and recording, which allows for accurately directing recording electrodes or other probes into any desired location in the brain. We then validated it by performing intracellular recordings from optogenetically tagged amygdalar neurons followed by histological reconstruction, which revealed that it is accurate and precise to within ~100 μm. Moreover, in another group of mice we were able to target both the mammillothalamic tract and subthalamic nucleus. This approach can be adapted to any type of extracellular electrode, fiber optic, or other probe in cases where high accuracy is needed in awake, head-fixed rodents. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Accurate targeting of recording electrodes in awake head-restrained rodents is currently beyond our reach. We developed a device for stereotactic implantation of a custom head bar and a recording system that together allow the accurate and precise targeting of any brain structure, including deep and small nuclei. We demonstrated this by performing histology and intracellular recordings in the amygdala of awake mice. The system enables the targeting of any probe to any location in the awake brain.
Positive STAT5 Protein and Locus Amplification Status Predicts Recurrence after Radical Prostatectomy to Assist Clinical Precision Management of Prostate Cancer
Authors: Haddad Bassem R. , Erickson Andrew , Udhane Vindhya , LaViolette Peter S. , Rone Janice D. , Kallajoki Markku A. , See William A. , Rannikko Antti , Mirtti Tuomas , Nevalainen Marja T. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Background:
A significant fraction of prostate cancer patients experience post–radical prostatectomy (RP) biochemical recurrence (BCR). New predictive markers are needed for optimizing postoperative prostate cancer management. STAT5 is an oncogene in prostate cancer that undergoes amplification in 30% of prostate cancers during progression.

Methods:
We evaluated the significance of a positive status for nuclear STAT5 protein expression versus STAT5 locus amplification versus combined positive status for both in predicting BCR after RP in 300 patients.

Results:
Combined positive STAT5 status was associated with a 45% disadvantage in BCR in Kaplan–Meier survival analysis in all Gleason grade patients. Patients with Gleason grade group (GG) 2 and 3 prostate cancers and combined positive status for STAT5 had a more pronounced disadvantage of 55% to 60% at 7 years after RP in univariate analysis. In multivariate analysis, including the Cancer of the Prostate Risk Assessment Postsurgical nomogram (CAPRA-S) variables, combined positive STAT5 status was independently associated with a shorter BCR-free survival in all Gleason GG patients (HR, 2.34; P = 0.014) and in intermediate Gleason GG 2 or 3 patients (HR, 3.62; P = 0.021). The combined positive STAT5 status improved the predictive value of the CAPRA-S nomogram in both ROC-AUC analysis and in decision curve analysis for BCR.

Conclusions:
Combined positive status for STAT5 was independently associated with shorter disease-free survival in univariate analysis and was an independent predictor for BCR in multivariate analysis using the CAPRA-S variables in prostate cancer.

Impact:
Our results highlight potential for a novel precision medicine concept based on a pivotal role of STAT5 status in improving selection of prostate cancer patients who are candidates for early adjuvant interventions to reduce the risk of recurrence.
MCF-7 as a Model for Functional Analysis of Breast Cancer Risk Variants
Authors: Booms Alix , Coetzee Gerhard A. , Pierce Steven E. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackground:Breast cancer genetic predisposition is governed by more than 142 loci as revealed by genome-wide association studies (GWAS). The functional contribution of these risk loci to breast cancer remains unclear, and additional post-GWAS analyses are required.Methods:We identified active regulatory elements (enhancers, promoters, and chromatin organizing elements) by histone H3K27 acetylation and CTCF occupancy and determined the enrichment of risk variants at these sites. We compared these results with previously published data and for other cell lines, including human mammary epithelial cells, and related these data to gene expression.Results:In terms of mapping accuracy and resolution, our data augment previous annotations of the MCF-7 epigenome. After intersection with GWAS risk variants, we found 39 enhancers and 15 CTCF occupancy sites that, between them, overlapped 96 breast cancer credible risk variants at 42 loci. These risk enhancers likely regulate the expression of dozens of genes, which are enriched for GO categories, including estrogen and prolactin signaling.Conclusions:Ten (of 142) breast cancer risk loci likely function via enhancers that are active in MCF-7 and are well suited to targeted manipulation in this system. In contrast, risk loci cannot be mapped to specific CTCF-binding sites, and the genes linked to risk CTCF sites did not show functional enrichment. The identity of risk enhancers and their associated genes suggests that some risk may function during later processes in cancer progression.Impact:Here, we report how the ER+ cell line MCF-7 can be used to dissect risk mechanisms for breast cancer.
Reproductive and Lifestyle Factors and Circulating sRANKL and OPG Concentrations in Women: Results from the EPIC Cohort
Authors: Sarink Danja , Yang Jiaxi , Johnson Theron , Chang-Claude Jenny , Overvad Kim , Olsen Anja , Tjønneland Anne , Fournier Agnès , Mancini Francesca Romana , Kvaskoff Marina , Boeing Heiner , Trichopoulou Antonia , Karakatsani Anna , Valanou Elissavet , Agnoli Claudia , Sacerdote Carlotta , Masala Giovanna , Mattiello Amalia , Tumino Rosario , Van Gils Carla H. , Skeie Guri , Gram Inger Torhild , Weiderpass Elisabete , Lujan-Barroso Leila , Petrova Dafina , Santiuste Carmen , Quirós J. Ramón , Barricarte Aurelio , Amiano Pilar , Travis Ruth C. , Gunter Marc , Dossus Laure , Christakoudi Sofia , Kaaks Rudolf , Fortner Renée Turzanski 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Background:
Except for a documented increase in osteoprotegerin (OPG) concentrations with older age, data on determinants of soluble Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor κB (sRANKL) and OPG concentrations in women are limited. We evaluated reproductive and lifestyle factors as potential sources of variation in circulating sRANKL and OPG concentrations in pre- and postmenopausal women.

Methods:
This study includes 2,016 controls [n = 1,552 (76%) postmenopausal, n = 757 (38%) using postmenopausal hormone therapy (PMH)] from a breast cancer case–control study nested in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort. Serum sRANKL was measured using an ELISA and serum OPG using an electrochemiluminescent assay. Generalized linear models were used to evaluate associations between these analytes and reproductive and lifestyle factors.

Results:
Older age at blood collection was associated with lower sRANKL concentrations in postmenopausal women (Ptrend ≤ 0.03) and higher OPG concentrations in all women (Ptrend ≤ 0.01). Longer duration of oral contraceptive use among premenopausal women and postmenopausal PMH users was associated with higher OPG (Ptrend ≤ 0.04). In postmenopausal non-PMH users, sRANKL concentrations were lower with longer duration of oral contraceptive use and current (vs. never) smoking (P ≤ 0.01). sRANKL concentrations were higher among women with higher BMI (Ptrend ≤ 0.01). The evaluated factors accounted for 12% of the variation in sRANKL concentrations and 21% of the variation in OPG concentrations.

Conclusions:
Circulating sRANKL and OPG concentrations are minimally impacted by hormone-related factors in pre- and postmenopausal women.

Impact:
This study suggests circulating concentrations of sRANKL and OPG are unlikely to be strongly modified by hormone-related reproductive and lifestyle factors.