bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
From individual to joint species distribution models: A comparison of model complexity and predictive performance
Authors: Caradima Bogdan , Schuwirth Nele , Reichert Peter 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAimSpecies distribution models (SDMs) are widely used to study geographic distributions of taxa in response to natural and anthropogenic environmental conditions. For a community, common approaches include fitting individual SDMs (iSDMs) to all taxa or directly modelling community properties such as richness. However, the parameters of iSDMs are difficult to identify for rare taxa, and community properties do not reveal taxon‐specific responses. Individual models can be combined into a hierarchical multispecies distribution model (mSDM) that constrains taxon‐specific parameters according to overarching community parameters, or a joint model (jSDM) in which interdependencies between taxa are jointly inferred. We compare how individual, hierarchical multispecies and joint SDMs differ in quality of fit, explanatory power and predictive performance, and analyse how these properties depend on the prevalence of taxa.TaxaPresence–absence observations of 245 benthic macroinvertebrate taxa identified at a mixed taxonomic resolution.LocationFour hundred and ninety‐two sites in rivers throughout Switzerland.MethodsIndividual, hierarchical and joint hierarchical generalized linear models (GLM) were developed for all taxa. Parameters were estimated using maximum likelihood estimation or Bayesian inference with Hamiltonian Markov chain Monte Carlo simulations. Predictive performance was assessed with cross‐validation. In addition, the predicted family and species richness of the models was compared with a GLM for richness.ResultsIndividual models show a slightly higher quality of fit largely due to overfitting for rare taxa. The mSDM achieves a similar quality of fit and explanatory power, mitigates overfitting for rare taxa and considerably improves predictive performance over the whole community. The joint models further improve the quality of fit, but decrease predictive performance and increase predictive uncertainty.Main conclusionsWe show that even a relatively simple mSDM combines many of the analytical capabilities of iSDMs and improves predictive performance. Increasingly complex mSDMs and jSDMs provide additional analytical possibilities, but depending on the data and research questions, different levels of complexity may be appropriate.
Vertical integration and disruptive cross‐market R&D
Authors: Lin Ping , Zhang Tianle , Zhou Wen 
Published: August 2019

AbstractWe study how vertical market structure affects the incentives of suppliers and customers to develop a new input that will enable the innovator to replace the incumbent supplier. In a vertical setting with an incumbent monopoly upstream supplier and two downstream firms, we show that vertical integration reduces the R&D incentives of the integrated parties, but increases that of the nonintegrated downstream rival. Strategic vertical integration may occur whereby the upstream incumbent integrates with a downstream firm to discourage or even preempt downstream disruptive R&D. Depending on the R&D costs, vertical integration may lower the social rate of innovation.
Coastal zone use and migratory behaviour of the southern population of Mugil liza in Brazil
Authors: Mai Ana C. G. , Albuquerque Cristiano Q. , Lemos Valéria M. , Schwingel Paulo R. , Ceni Gian‐Franco , Saint'Pierre Tatiana D. , Vieira João P. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractWe analysed the ratios Sr:Ca and Ba:Ca in the otoliths of 55 adults of the southern population of Mugil liza in Brazil (Paraná to Rio Grande do Sul) to investigate its coastal zone use and migratory behaviour. All individual M. liza analysed had Sr:Ca and Ba:Ca values indicating that their birth was in the marine environment, which is consistent with the southern population migration to spawn in the ocean,. Juveniles exhibited at least three coastal use and recruitment strategies (contingents): the majority (89%) of M. liza juveniles migrated toward brackish water. They entered the estuary before completing the first year of life (64%) or after (25%) their first year of life. The remaining 11% did not appear to enter brackish or freshwater water as a nursery or at any point in their life cycle. Some adults returned to the estuary after spawning in the ocean but others (of both sexes) never returned to the estuary after spawning, remaining in the marine environment. The pattern of juvenile habitat use in the Brazilian southern population of M. liza seems to be recurrent throughout the extent of its distribution as a consequence of the reproductive spawning aggregation behaviour, which mixes all contingents (with marine or estuarine preferences).
A novel protein‐based autologous topical serum for skin regeneration
Authors: Anitua Eduardo , Troya María , Pino Ander 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundAs skin ages, a functional decrement occurs. To avoid future vulnerability to dermatologic diseases, an optimal cutaneous regeneration is mandatory. Biological therapies based on blood‐derived autologous proteins are gaining attention of scientists and dermatologists.ObjectivesA novel 100% autologous topical serum has been developed using plasma rich in growth factors technology. The physicochemical characterization and the biologic potential of the novel formulation have been studied.MethodsRheological and mechanical properties and the biological capacity of the formulation were characterized. Human dermal fibroblast culture and 3D organotypic skin explants were used as in vitro and ex vivo cutaneous models, respectively.ResultsThe autologous topical serum presented an optimal spreadability index and appropriate shear thinning behavior that allowed an easy handling and rapid integration within the cutaneous tissue. The formulation has a high growth factor load with the ability to progressively penetrate into the dermal/epidermal layers of the skin. It is biocompatible and promotes cell proliferation and chemotactic activity. The autologous topical serum promotes the biosynthetic activity of cells by the stimulation of collagen and hyaluronic acid expression.ConclusionsThese findings present an in situ and easy to prepare autologous topical serum based on the patient's own blood with physicochemical and bioactive properties that may be used for skin regeneration purposes.
Risk Factors and Outcomes of Recurrent Pregnancy Loss in Japan
Authors: Morita Keiko , Ono Yosuke , Takeshita Toshiyuki , Sugi Toshitaka , Fujii Tomoyuki , Yamada Hideto , Nakatsuka Mikiya , Fukui Atsushi , Saito Shigeru 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAimTo clarify the risk factors and pregnancy outcomes for each risk factor of recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) in Japan.MethodsUsing a prospective RPL database collected from 16 facilities in Japan, the prevalence of risk factors for RPL, their treatments and pregnancy outcomes were examined.ResultsOf 6663 patients registered in our database, 5708 patients had RPL. All examinations for risk factors were performed for 1340 patients (23.5%). The prevalences of positive antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL), malformation of the uterus, thyroid dysfunction, parental karyotype abnormality, factor XII deficiency, protein S deficiency and unknown risk factors were 8.7%, 7.9%, 9.5%, 3.7%, 7.6%, 4.3% and 65.1%, respectively. Although factor XII deficiency and protein S deficiency are not recognized as risk factors for RPL in general, low‐dose aspirin (LDA) or unfractionated heparin + LDA therapy improved live birth rates. In transiently aPL‐positive patients, the live birth rate with LDA therapy was similar to that with heparin + LDA. For unknown risk factors of RPL, the live birth rate in normal fetal karyotype in the none treatment group was similar to that in all other treatments group (81.3% vs 86.0%). Of 5708 RPL patients, pregnancy outcomes were known for 2261 patients and 1697 patients (75.1%) had at least one live birth.ConclusionThe risk factors and pregnancy outcomes for each risk factor of RPL are useful for clinicians and patients. Factor XII deficiency and protein S deficiency may be risk factors of RPL.
Implications of feeding frequency, prey size and condition, and intraspecific competition for the commercial aquaculture of the nudibranch Berghia stephanieae
Authors: Monteiro Estela A. , Güth Arthur Z. , Banha Thomás N. S. , Sumida Paulo Y. G. , Mies Miguel 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMarine ornamental aquaculture is a growing industry. Although most species are cultured for aesthetic purposes, there is increasing interest in organisms that provide functional services. Nudibranchs provide an example in which they act as biological controls by consuming aquaria pests. Berghia stephanieae is a commercially relevant nudibranch that feeds on Exaiptasia anemones, which overgrow sessile invertebrates. However, information pertaining to B. stephanieae feeding habits remains unaddressed. Therefore, this study investigated the following: (a) the effect of feeding frequency on fecundity, (b) optimum prey size, (c) the ability to feed on prey fragments, and (d) the influence of intraspecific competition. Distinct feeding frequencies were tested and embryos produced were quantified; growth of nudibranchs offered different anemone sizes was measured; whole and fragmented anemones were offered, with preference recorded; and growth and mortality of juvenile nudibranchs were recorded in the absence and presence of adult conspecifics. Results show that feeding daily produced the highest number of embryos. Juveniles fed on medium‐sized anemones showed the highest growth rate. Smaller juveniles were unable to feed on whole anemones and preferred fragmented anemones. Juvenile growth and survival decreased in the presence of adults. To maximize production, breeders must feed broodstock daily, provide medium‐sized anemones or fragments, and segregate juveniles from adults.
Validating a pain assessment tool in heterogeneous ICU patients: Is it possible?
Authors: Emsden Christian , Schäfer Ursi Barandun , Denhaerynck Kris , Grossmann Florian , Frei Irena Anna , Kirsch Monika 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundNon‐communicative adult ICU patients are vulnerable to inadequate pain management with potentially severe consequences. In German‐speaking countries, there is limited availability of a validated pain assessment tool for this population.AimThe aim of this observational study was to test the German version of the Critical‐Care Pain Observation Tool (CPOT) in a heterogeneous adult ICU population.MethodsThe CPOT's feasibility for clinical use was evaluated via a questionnaire. For validity and reliability testing, the CPOT was compared with the Behavioural Pain Scale (BPS) and patient's self‐report in 60 patients during 480 observations simultaneously performed by two raters.ResultsThe feasibility evaluation demonstrated high satisfaction with clinical usability (85% of responses 4 or 5 on a 5‐point Likert scale). The CPOT revealed excellent criterion validity [agreement between CPOT and BPS 94.0%, correlation of CPOT and BPS sum scores r = 0.91 (P < .05), agreement of CPOT with patient self‐report 81.4%], good discriminant validity [mean difference of CPOT scores between at rest and non‐painful stimulus 0.33 (P < .029), mean difference of CPOT scores between at rest, and painful stimulus 2.19 (P < .001)], for a CPOT cut‐off score of >2 a high sensitivity and specificity (93% and 84%), high positive predictive value (85%), and a high negative predictive value (93%). The CPOT showed acceptable internal consistency (Cronbach's α 0.79) and high inter‐rater reliability [90% agreement, no differences in CPOT sum scores in 64.2% of observations, and correlation for CPOT sum scores r = 0.72 (P < .05)]. Self‐report obtained in patients with delirium did not correlate with the CPOT rating in 62% of patients.ConclusionThis is the first validation study of the CPOT evaluating all of the described validity dimensions, including feasibility, at once. The results are congruent with previous validations of the CPOT with homogeneous samples and show that it is possible to validate a tool with a heterogeneous sample. Further research should be done to improve pain assessment and treatment in ICU patients with delirium.Relevance to clinical practiceThe German CPOT version can be recommended for ICUs in German‐speaking countries.
Phylogenetic relationships and virulence assays of Fusarium secorum from sugar beet suggest a new look at species designations
Authors: Webb K. M. , Shrestha S. , Trippe R. , Rivera‐Varas V. , Covey P. A. , Freeman C. , de Jonge R. , Secor G. A. , Bolton M. 
Published: August 2019

Fusarium spp. are responsible for significant yield losses in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. betae most often reported as the primary causal agent. Recently, a new species, F. secorum, was reported to cause disease in sugar beet but little is known on the range of virulence within F. secorum or how this compares to the virulence and phylogenetic relationships previously reported for Fusarium pathogens of sugar beet. To initiate this study, partial translation elongation factor 1‐α (TEF1) sequences from seven isolates of F. secorum were obtained and the data were added to a previously published phylogenetic tree that includes F. oxysporum f. sp. betae. Unexpectedly, the F. secorum strains nested into a distinct group that included isolates previously reported as F. oxysporum f. sp. betae. These results prompted an expanded phylogenetic analysis of TEF1 sequences from genomes of publicly available Fusarium spp., resulting in the additional discovery that some isolates previously reported as F. oxysporum f. sp. betae are F. commune, a species that is not known to be a sugar beet pathogen. Inoculation of sugar beet with differing genetic backgrounds demonstrated that all Fusarium strains have a significant range in virulence depending on cultivar. Taken together, the data suggest that F. secorum is more widespread than previously thought. Consequently, future screening for disease resistance should rely on isolates representing the full diversity of the Fusarium population that impacts sugar beet.
A Time Varying Approach to the Stock Return–Inflation Puzzle
Authors: Li Xiaoye , Zhao Zhibiao 
Published: August 2019

SummaryIn the large literature on the stock return–inflation puzzle, existing works have used constant coefficient linear regression models or change point analysis with abrupt change points. Motivated by the time varying stock return–inflation relationship and the drawbacks of change point analysis, we propose to use the recently emerged locally stationary models to model stock return and inflation. Although the model exhibits non-parametric time varying dependence structure over a long time span, it has local stationarity within each small time interval. Detailed empirical analysis is conducted and comparisons are made between various approaches. We find that the stock return–inflation correlation is negative during early sample periods and turns positive during late sample periods, but the turning time point is different for the total inflation rate and core inflation rate.
Cover Image, Volume 17, Issue 3
Authors: Peralta Santiago , McCleary‐Wheeler Angela L. , Duhamel Gerald E. , Heikinheimo Kristiina , Grenier Jennifer K. 
Published: August 2019

The cover image is based on the SHORT COMMUNICATION Ultra‐frequent HRAS p.Q61R somatic mutation in canine acanthomatous ameloblastoma reveals pathogenic similarities with human ameloblastoma by Santiago Peralta et al., https://doi.org/10.1111/vco.12487.
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‘One step closer’: Acceptability of a programme of plasma donation for fractionation from men who have sex with men
Authors: Caruso Jessica , Germain Marc , Godin Gaston , Myhal Geneviève , Pronovost Frédérick , Morin Michel , Otis Joanne 
Published: August 2019

Background and objectivesIn Canada, Héma‐Québec is considering the possibility of allowing men who have sex with men (MSM) to donate plasma for fractionation combined with a mandatory quarantine period. This study aims to assess the acceptability and operational feasibility of the programme in the targeted population.Materials and methodsSeven focus groups with MSM (N = 47) were conducted in Montréal, regarding their beliefs underlying attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavioural control relating to intention to participate in a programme of plasma donation for fractionation. A theoretical thematic content analysis was realized.ResultsParticipants brought up benefits of the programme. Some are altruistic (help others, save lives, contribute as citizens), while others are linked to what it could bring to their community (progress, opportunity to include MSM in blood donation programmes, acknowledgement of MSM's contributions to the well‐being of others). However, even if the programme is in accordance with their altruistic values, it clashes with their values of equality and social justice. Many disadvantages were raised (discrimination and stigmatization of MSM, the fact that their blood is presented as being not as good as the blood of others). Facilitating factors and barriers to participation were put forward in terms of programme characteristics and sites where donations would be made.ConclusionThe findings suggest some interest in the programme of plasma donation for fractionation, but this is significantly tempered by the fact that differential treatment for MSM would continue and that their demands regarding access to whole blood donation are still unmet.
Effectiveness and safety of Chinese herbal medicine xuanbi antong granules for the treatment of borderline coronary lesions: study protocol for a randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, multicentre clinical trial
Authors: Huang Mingyan , Chen Guang , Guan Qingya , Liu Chao , Zhao Qing , Li Jun , Yao Kuiwu , Zhang Zhenpeng , He Haoqiang , Li Yi , Lin Fei , He Xinhui , Liu Yongmei , Xiong Xing-jiang , Zhang Yuqing , Han Mei , Wang Jie 
Published: August 2019

IntroductionAs the early stage of coronary heart disease (CHD), borderline coronary lesion (BCL) is defined as a 30%–70% diameter stenosis. Previous studies have demonstrated that BCL may progress to acute coronary syndrome easily. However, routine medications available for the treatments of BCL have some limitations. Xuanbi antong granule (XAG) has been used for the treatment of BCL in China for many years. Previous studies have shown that XAG has effectiveness in improving clinical symptoms and quality of life in patients with CHD. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of XAG in patients with BCL.Methods and analysisThis is a multicentre, randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial. A total of 300 participants will be randomly assigned to the intervention group and the placebo group. Based on routine medications, the intervention group will be treated with XAG and the placebo group will be treated with XAG placebo. All participants will receive a 6-month treatment and then be followed-up for another 6 months. The primary outcomes are the changes of target plaque characteristics (including target plaque volume, degree of stenosis, CT value and calcification score) measured by dual source CT angiography. The secondary outcomes include blood lipid indicators, efficacy of angina symptoms, Seattle Angina Questionnaire, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and occurrence of major adverse cardiac events. All the data will be recorded in electronic case report forms and analysed by SPSS V.20.0.Ethics and disseminationThis study has been approved by Research Ethics Committee of Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences in Beijing, China (No. 2017–083-KY-01). Written informed consent will be obtained from all participants. The results of this study will be disseminated to the public through academic conferences and peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration numberChiCTR-IOR-17013189; Pre-results.
Glutathione infusion before primary percutaneous coronary intervention: a randomised controlled pilot study
Authors: Tanzilli Gaetano , Truscelli Giovanni , Arrivi Alessio , Carnevale Roberto , Placanica Attilio , Viceconte Nicola , Raparelli Valeria , Mele Rita , Cammisotto Vittoria , Nocella Cristina , Barillà Francesco , Lucisano Luigi , Pennacchi Mauro , Granatelli Antonino , Dominici Marcello , Basili Stefania , Gaudio Carlo , Mangieri Enrico 
Published: August 2019

ObjectiveIn the setting of reperfused ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) contributes to reperfusion injury. Among ROS, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) showed toxic effects on human cardiomyocytes and may induce microcirculatory impairment. Glutathione (GSH) is a water-soluble tripeptide with a potent oxidant scavenging activity. We hypothesised that the infusion of GSH before acute reoxygenation might counteract the deleterious effects of increased H2O2generation on myocardium.MethodsFifty consecutive patients with STEMI, scheduled to undergo primary angioplasty, were randomly assigned, before intervention, to receive an infusion of GSH (2500 mg/25 mL over 10 min), followed by drug administration at the same doses at 24, 48 and 72 hours elapsing time or placebo. Peripheral blood samples were obtained before and at the end of the procedure, as well as after 5 days. H2O2production, 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) formation, H2O2breakdown activity (HBA) and nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability were determined. Serum cardiactroponin T (cTpT) was measured at admission and up to 5 days.ResultsFollowing acute reperfusion, a significant reduction of H2O2production (p=0.0015) and 8-iso-PGF2α levels (p=0.0003), as well as a significant increase in HBA (p<0.0001)and NO bioavailability (p=0.035), was found in the GSH group as compared with placebo. In treated patients, attenuated production of H2O2persisted up to 5 days from the index procedure (p=0.009) and these changes was linked to those of the cTpT levels (r=0.41, p=0.023).ConclusionThe prophylactic and prolonged infusion of GSH seems to determine a rapid onset and persistent blunting of H2O2generation improving myocardial cell survival. Nevertheless, a larger trial, adequately powered for evaluation of clinical endpoints, is ongoing to confirm the current finding.Trial registration numberEUDRACT 2014-00448625; Pre-results.