bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effectiveness of development aid for agriculture in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Ssozi John , Asongu Simplice , Amavilah Voxi Heinrich 
Published: January 2019

PurposeAgriculture is the major source of livelihood for the majority of population in Sub-Saharan Africa but its productivity is not only low it has started showing signs of decline since 2012. The purpose of this paper is to find out whether official development assistance for agriculture is effective.Design/methodology/approachThe data for development assistance for agriculture are broken down into the major agricultural sectors in receiving countries. The empirical evidence is based on the two-step system, i.e. generalized method of moments, to assess the degree of responsiveness of agricultural productivity to development assistance.FindingsThere is a positive relationship between development assistance and agricultural productivity in general. However, when broken down into the major agricultural recipient sectors, there is a substitution effect between food crop production and industrial crop production. Better institutions and economic freedom are found to enable agricultural productivity growth, and to increase the effectiveness of development assistance. The structural economic transformation associated with agricultural development assistance is also found to be weak.Practical implicationsAllocation of development assistance for agriculture is primarily determined by need, although expected effectiveness also increases the assistance receipts. Agricultural assistance policies could focus more on building productive capacity to reduce the need while boosting effectiveness.Originality/valueBreaking down data into agricultural recipient sectors and controlling for the potential spurious correlation under the assumption that more development assistance could be allocated, where agricultural productivity is already increasing due to some other factors.
Workopolis or The Pirate Bay: what does Google Trends say about the unemployment rate?
Authors: Dilmaghani Maryam 
Published: January 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to use data mined from Google Trends, in order to predict the unemployment rate prevailing among Canadians between 25 and 44 years of age.Design/methodology/approachBased on a theoretical framework, this study argues that the intensity of online leisure activities is likely to improve the predictive power of unemployment forecasting models.FindingsMining the corresponding data from Google Trends, the analysis indicates that prediction models including variables which reflect online leisure activities outperform those solely based on the intensity of online job search. The paper also outlines the most propitious ways of mining data from Google Trends. The implications for research and policy are discussed.Originality/valueThis paper, for the first time, augments the forecasting models with data on the intensity of online leisure activities, in order to predict the Canadian unemployment rate.
Promoting adolescents’ mental health and wellbeing: evidence synthesis
Authors: Kuosmanen Tuuli , Clarke Aleisha M. , Barry Margaret M. 
Published: January 2019

Purpose
Evidence on implementing effective adolescent mental health promotion and prevention interventions in the European context is underdeveloped. The purpose of this paper is to identify evidence-based mental health promotion and prevention interventions for adolescents that have been developed and/or implemented across the school, community and digital settings in Europe. This review also sought to identify the relevant implementation processes in relation to what works, for whom and under what circumstances.

Design/methodology/approach
A narrative synthesis of the evidence was conducted which included two stages: a systematic search of studies assessing adolescent mental health promotion and prevention interventions; and a selection of interventions with the most robust evidence base, using pre-defined criteria, that have been either developed and/or implemented in Europe.

Findings
A total of 16 interventions met the inclusion criteria. The majority of interventions were school-based programmes. The review findings support the delivery of interventions aimed at enhancing young people’s social and emotional learning (SEL) and preventing behavioural problems. Results indicate that the effective delivery of SEL interventions on a school-wide basis could provide an important platform on which other universal interventions such as anxiety and bullying prevention, and targeted depression prevention could be developed in a multi-tiered fashion. There were a limited number of studies providing robust evidence on the effectiveness of suicide prevention, digital and community-based interventions.

Originality/value
This review identifies a number of robust evidence-based promotion and prevention interventions for promoting adolescent mental health. While the interventions have been implemented in Europe, the majority has not been evaluated rigorously and few included detailed information on the quality of programme implementation. Evidence of the effective cross-cultural transferability of these interventions needs to be strengthened, including more systematic research on their implementation across diverse country contexts.
Exploring the barriers to the implementation of cognitive behavioural therapy for psychosis (CBTp)
Authors: Switzer Fiona , Harper Sean , Peck David 
Published: January 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to identify barriers for people with psychotic spectrum disorders accessing CBTp in NHS Lothian. Despite national guidelines recommending CBT for the treatment of schizophrenia (National Institute for Health and Care Excellence Guidelines 2014) and (Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network Guidelines 2013), levels of access to CBTp remain low. The overall goal of the study is to uncover emergent themes regarding barriers to access to CBT for patients with psychosis. In addition, the influence of psychosocial skills intervention (PSI) training for psychosis (Brooker and Brabban, 2006) will be explored and if completion of this training effects referral behaviours and attitudes to CBTp.

Design/methodology/approach
This study is a quantitative service evaluation project which uses a questionnaire design to explore the factors that influence a clinician’s decision to refer a patient for CBTp. Three qualitative questions are included for thematic analysis to allow the respondents to elaborate on their views on potential barriers. All appropriate Community Mental Health Team (CMHT) staff in adult mental health in NHS Lothian were invited to participate in the study.

Findings
CMHT staff in NHS Lothian hold favourable views of CBTp and would support an increase in access for patients with psychosis. Key barriers to access for CBTp identified in this study comprise of, little or no access to CBTp, lack of integration of services and unclear referral pathways. Further themes emerging from the study also included, improving multi-disciplinary communication and increasing CMHT staff knowledge and confidence in CBTp. PSI training was shown to have a significant effect on referral rates. Further research would be warranted to explore the influence of PSI training on CMHT staff confidence and knowledge in CBTp.

Originality/value
This is the first paper of its kind to investigate the potential barriers to access to CBTp in Scotland. The paper has highlighted some key barriers and potential strategies to overcome the barriers identified will be discussed.
‘It has to become true genetics’: tumour genetics and the division of diagnostic labour in the clinic
Authors: Beaudevin Claire , Peerbaye Ashveen , Bourgain Catherine 
Published: January 2019

AbstractTumour genetics is currently turning into a massive clinical approach. This paper is an enquiry into its practices as they expand beyond expert and experimental contexts and become routinised in clinical hospital settings. Studying a French university hospital, we unpack the content and everyday organization of diagnostic labour in this context. Exploring the sociotechnical frictions that arise in the process, we describe the ways in which they are collectively controlled, and stabilized through organizational fictions, that are instrumental in making tumour genetics doable in the hospital, at a large scale. We further show that the new role of external regulations in the production of clinical values for mutations has a strong impact on diagnostic work, making it possible to be performed locally without resorting to expert bioclinical collectives, and outside the professional jurisdiction of clinical geneticists. This division of labour appears as a necessary condition for the rise in clinical productivity required by a new function assigned to genetics: to guide the prescription of drugs for common diseases. This turn in the way genetics is embedded in the clinic calls for a thorough reassessment of its impacts on clinical discourses, practices and decisions.
Linkage between Utah All Payers Claims Database and Central Cancer Registry
Authors: Garvin Jennifer Hornung , Herget Kimberly A. , Hashibe Mia , Kirchhoff Anne C. , Hawley Charles W. , Bolton Dan , Sweeney Carol 
Published: January 2019

ObjectiveTo evaluate the linkage of claims from the Utah All Payers Claims Database (APCD) and Utah Cancer Registry (UCR).Data SourcesSecondary data from 2013 and 2014 Utah APCD and 2013 UCR cases.Study DesignThis is a descriptive analysis of the quality of linkage between APCD claims data and cancer registry cases.Data Collection/Extraction MethodsWe used the LinkPlus software to link Utah APCD and UCR data.Principal FindingsWe were able to link 82.4 percent (9441/11 453) of the UCR reportable cancer cases with APCD claims. Of those linked, 66 percent were perfect matches.ConclusionsThe quality of identifiers is high, evidence that claims data can potentially supplement cancer registry data for use in research.
Operationalizing Ethnographic Research to Grow Trust in Digital Financial Services
Authors: HEITMANN SOREN , BURI SINJA , DAVICO GISELA , REITZUG FABIAN 
Published: January 2019

Trust motivates people's uptake and use of digital financial services (DFS). Understanding the socio‐cultural determinants of DFS trust are needed to scale financial access and drive financial inclusion. These are core components of international development strategies, such as the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) or Universal Financial Access (UFA2020). The IFC‐Mastercard Foundation Partnership for Financial Inclusion (the Partnership) conducted ethnographic research to understand factors that impact people's attitudes and perceptions of DFS. Nine months of field work each in Cameroon, DRC, Senegal and Zambia were conducted, in collaboration with local research institutes’ Anthropology departments and the African Studies Center at the University of Leiden. The results of the ethnographic research produced a framework for understanding drivers and barriers to people growing trust in digital financial services.This paper analyzes the quantitative and qualitative application of the framework for understanding digital financial services perceptions and uptake propensities for a specific market segment: micro, small to medium‐sized enterprises (MSMEs). The framework guided the design of focus groups and survey instruments, whose data provide a classification of issues business owners face for adopting DFS and the degree to which the socio‐cultural determinants of these issues may drive or hinder DFS adoption. Further, the survey data provide ground‐truth observations that are applied to transactional big data sets toward the development of a model to identify business from individual customers. Identifying MSMEs enables providers to deliver business‐specific DFS services at scale and further enable financial inclusion.It was found that MSMEs could be successfully identified using the big data analytics model, and that the classification of small‐medium (and micro) segments could be further identified by application of the survey data. Using the framework throughout all stages of the analysis further demonstrates the business value that can be obtained by employing the ethnographic approach. Doing so ensured that salient DFS issues relevant to business owners were inherent in survey questions ex‐ante, thereby yielding meaningful results that can be used to engage MSMEs, design relevant products and advance financial inclusion.
The Root Cause is Capitalism… and Patriarchy
Authors: WALLACE LINDSEY , MELNYK JENNA 
Published: January 2019

The authors used anthropology and other design research methods to develop a new kind of study to capture the world of professional creatives and the people they work with. To uncover core collaboration challenges for professional creatives the authors asked asked them to walk through past projects, who they interacted with at different points, and discuss their affective experiences.Critical collaborative problems for participants in this study stemmed from two factors: ever‐increasing corporate demands to do more with less, and concurrent attempts to automate feminized administrative coordination tasks. To communicate actionable findings, the authors balanced systems‐level thinking with the identification of the kinds of problems Adobe could and would solve. While large scale social change was outside the scope of actionable recommendations for a product design team, the implications of social structures on individual experience provided insights that widened our lens beyond the individual.
Feeding behavior, life history, and virus transmission ability of Bemisia tabaci Mediterranean species (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) under elevated CO2
Authors: Peñalver‐Cruz Ainara , Garzo Elisa , Prieto‐Ruiz Inés , Díaz‐Carro Miguel , Winters Ana , Moreno Aránzazu , Fereres Alberto 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe continuous rise of CO2 concentrations in the atmosphere is reducing plant nutritional quality for herbivores and indirectly affects their performance. The whitefly (Bemisia tabaci, Gennadius) is a major worldwide pest of agricultural crops causing significant yield losses. This study investigated the plant‐mediated indirect effects of elevated CO2 on the feeding behavior and life history of B. tabaci Mediterranean species. Eggplants were grown under elevated and ambient CO2 concentrations for 3 weeks after which plants were either used to monitor the feeding behavior of whiteflies using the Electrical Penetration Graph technique or to examine fecundity and fertility of whiteflies. Plant leaf carbon, nitrogen, phenols and protein contents were also analyzed for each treatment. Bemisia tabaci feeding on plants exposed to elevated CO2 showed a longer phloem ingestion and greater fertility compared to those exposed to ambient CO2 suggesting that B. tabaci is capable of compensating for the plant nutritional deficit. Additionally, this study looked at the transmission of the virus Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (Begomovirus) by B. tabaci exposing source and receptor tomato plants to ambient or elevated CO2 levels before or after virus transmission tests. Results indicate that B. tabaci transmitted the virus at the same rate independent of the CO2 levels and plant treatment. Therefore, we conclude that B. tabaci Mediterranean species prevails over the difficulties that changes in CO2 concentrations may cause and it is predicted that under future climate change conditions, B. tabaci would continue to be considered a serious threat for agriculture worldwide.
Evaluating the cost‐effectiveness of existing needle and syringe programmes in preventing hepatitis C transmission in people who inject drugs
Authors: Sweeney Sedona , Ward Zoe , Platt Lucy , Guinness Lorna , Hickman Matthew , Hope Vivian , Maher Lisa , Iversen Jenny , Hutchinson Sharon J. , Smith Josie , Ayres Rachel , Hainey Ingrid , Vickerman Peter 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAimTo evaluate the cost‐effectiveness of needle and syringe programmes (NSPs) compared with no NSPs on hepatitis C virus (HCV) transmission in the United Kingdom.DesignCost‐effectiveness analysis from a National Health Service (NHS)/health‐provider perspective, utilizing a dynamic transmission model of HCV infection and disease progression, calibrated using city‐specific surveillance and survey data, and primary data collection on NSP costs. The effectiveness of NSPs preventing HCV acquisition was based on empirical evidence.Setting and participantsUK settings with different chronic HCV prevalence among people who inject drugs (PWID): Dundee (26%), Walsall (18%) and Bristol (45%)InterventionsCurrent NSP provision is compared with a counterfactual scenario where NSPs are removed for 10 years and then returned to existing levels with effects collected for 40 years.MeasurementsHCV infections and cost per quality‐adjusted life year (QALY) gained through NSPs over 50 years.FindingsCompared with a willingness‐to‐pay threshold of £20 000 per QALY gained, NSPs were highly cost‐effective over a time‐horizon of 50 years and decreased the number of HCV incident infections. The mean incremental cost‐effectiveness ratio was cost‐saving in Dundee and Bristol, and £596 per QALY gained in Walsall, with 78, 46 and 40% of simulations being cost‐saving in each city, respectively, with differences driven by coverage of NSP and HCV prevalence (lowest in Walsall). More than 90% of simulations were cost‐effective at the willingness‐to‐pay threshold. Results were robust to sensitivity analyses, including varying the time‐horizon, HCV treatment cost and numbers of HCV treatments per year.ConclusionsNeedle and syringe programmes are a highly effective low‐cost intervention to reduce hepatitis C virus transmission, and in some settings they are cost‐saving. Needle and syringe programmes are likely to remain cost‐effective irrespective of changes in hepatitis C virus treatment cost and scale‐up.
Prurigo successfully treated with duloxetine hydrochloride
Authors: Hashimoto Takashi , Satoh Takahiro , Yokozeki Hiroo 
Published: January 2019

AbstractPrurigo is a common skin disease characterised by erythematous macules and papules/nodules with severe pruritus. We report here two cases with treatment‐resistant prurigo that were successfully treated with duloxetine hydrochloride, a serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor. In vivo experiments with a mouse model of prurigo‐like inflammation showed that duloxetine hydrochloride ameliorated not only scratching behaviours, but also skin inflammation. Duloxetine hydrochloride appears to be useful for treating prurigo via modulating itch signals and immune responses.
INCOME‐GENERATING ACTIVITY: AN AVENUE TO IMPROVE THE SUSTAINABILITY OF SHGs
Authors: DHAKE Saroj Pravinchandra , NARKHEDE Sameer P. 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACTSelf‐help groups (SHGs) are formed to work for increased income through collective effort and use of banking facilities by initiating some income‐generating activities taking advantage of the financial strength of a group. Taking into consideration the significance of SHGs to economic growth, the present study analyzes and compares the management of the income‐generating activities of SHGs in rural and urban areas. It also explores the extent of resource mobilization through various income‐generating activities, and the constraints faced by the SHGs while undertaking these activities. It is an exploratory research in which a multi‐stage stratified cluster random sampling technique was used for the selection of SHGs. Data were collected at group level and member level through purposely developed interview schedules and focused group discussions.The study revealed that, because of various financial and marketing‐related problems occurring while initiating and conducting the activities, very few SHG members actually started new income‐generating activities. Testing of hypotheses indicated that SHGs do not fulfil all the requirements of income‐generating activities carried out by its members. An overall low to medium level of resource mobilization by a majority of the SHGs presented a poor picture of SHGs in generating resources for undertaking entrepreneurial activities.
Review article: unanswered clinical and research questions in autoimmune hepatitis‐conclusions of the International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group Research Workshop
Authors: Dyson Jessica K. , De Martin Eleonora , Dalekos George N. , Drenth Joost P.H. , Herkel Johannes , Hubscher Stefan G. , Kelly Deirdre , Lenzi Marco , Milkiewicz Piotr , Oo Ye H. , Heneghan Michael A. , Lohse Ansgar W. ,   the IAIHG Consortium
Published: January 2019

SUMMARYBackgroundAutoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a chronic inflammatory liver disease that results in substantial morbidity and mortality with many unanswered clinical and research questions. Improved understanding of disease pathogenesis, including the extra‐hepatic manifestations of AIH, may allow targeted treatments with greater efficacy and fewer associated adverse events.AimTo identify the spectrum of unanswered clinical and research questions facing care providers in the management of patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH).MethodsThe International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group initiated a series of research workshops to start to address these questions. Key issues were discussed in small group sessions with collation of all discussions to be summarised in this manuscript.ResultsKey issues were identified as: the need for better understanding of disease pathogenesis, standardisation of the methods and assays used to evaluate autoantibodies in AIH, refinement of the histopathological criteria for “typical” or “compatible” AIH, focus on the interaction with non‐alcohol related fatty liver disease, how to treat acute severe AIH, better assessment of quality of life in adults and paediatrics, standardising use of standard, third‐line and experimental therapies in AIH and search for biomarkers early in the disease course that predict outcome.ConclusionThis workshop has outlined the key unanswered clinical and research questions to help to define the research agenda in AIH.
Ensuring continuity of patient care across the healthcare interface: Telephone follow‐up post‐hospitalization
Authors: Odeh Mohanad , Scullin Claire , Fleming Glenda , Scott Michael G. , Horne Robert , McElnay James C. 
Published: January 2019

AimsTo implement pharmacist‐led, postdischarge telephone follow‐up (TFU) intervention and to evaluate its impact on rehospitalization parameters in polypharmacy patients, via comparison with a well‐matched control group.MethodPragmatic, prospective, quasi‐experimental study. Intervention patients were matched by propensity score techniques with a control group. Guided by results from a pilot study, clinical pharmacists implemented TFU intervention, added to routine integrated medicines management service.ResultsUsing an intention to treat approach, reductions in 30‐ and 90‐day readmission rates for intervention patients compared with controls were 9.9% [odds ratio = 0.57; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.36–0.90; P < 0.001] and 15.2% (odds ratio = 0.53; 95% CI: 0.36–0.79; P = 0.021) respectively. Marginal mean time to readmission was 70.9 days (95% CI: 66.9–74.9) for intervention group compared with 60.1 days (95% CI: 55.4–64.7) for controls. Mean length of hospital stay compared with control was (8.3 days vs. 6.7 days; P < 0.001). Benefit: cost ratio for 30‐day readmissions was 29.62, and 23.58 for 90‐day interval. Per protocol analyses gave more marked improvements. In intervention patients, mean concern scale score, using Beliefs about Medicine Questionnaire, was reduced 3.2 (95% CI: –4.22 to −2.27; P < 0.001). Mean difference in Medication Adherence Report Scale was 1.4 (22.7 vs. 24.1; P < 0.001). Most patients (83.8%) reported having better control of their medicines after the intervention.ConclusionsPharmacist‐led postdischarge structured TFU intervention can reduce 30‐ and 90‐day readmission rates. Positive impacts were noted on time to readmission, length of hospital stay upon readmission, healthcare costs, patient beliefs about medicines, patient self‐reported adherence and satisfaction.