bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self-presentation in digital media among adolescent patients with obesity: Striving for integrity, risk-reduction, and social recognition
Authors: Holmberg Christopher , Berg Christina , Hillman Thomas , Lissner Lauren , Chaplin John Eric 
Published: October 2018

Background Emerging research suggests that social media has the potential in clinical settings to enhance interaction with and between pediatric patients with various conditions. However, appearance norms and weight stigmatization can make adolescents with obesity uncomfortable about using these visual-based media. It is therefore important to explore these adolescents’ perspectives to identify the implications and concerns regarding the use of social media in clinical settings. Objective To explore the experiences of adolescents in treatment for obesity in terms of how they present themselves on social media, their rationale behind their presentations, and their feelings related to self-presentation. Methods Interviews were conducted with 20 adolescents enrolled in a pediatric outpatient obesity clinic, then transcribed and categorized using qualitative content analysis and Goffman’s dramaturgical model. Participants used a screen-recorded laptop to demonstrate their online self-presentation practices. Findings: Adolescent girls and boys undergoing treatment for obesity used visual-based social media, but girls in particular experienced weight stigma online and undertook self-presentation strategies to conceal weight-related content such as avoiding showing close-up photos of their bodies and not posting images of unhealthy “fattening” foods. Participants perceived the potential use of social media in clinical settings as being too risky and private. Conclusions Given the complexity of general visual-based social media use by adolescents, and not wanting their patient status to be visible to peers, healthcare should primarily focus on working with more restricted instant messaging when engaging with adolescents with obesity.
Return to Play After Hook of Hamate Excision in Baseball Players
Authors: Burleson Andrew , Shin Steven 
Published: October 2018

Background: Fractures of the hook of hamate in baseball players are significant injuries that can lead to pain and missed time from competition. The diagnosis is typically delayed because of the vagueness of symptoms and normal radiographic findings. Excision of the nonunited fragment has been supported as the primary treatment, but there are currently limited information and data on a timetable for return to competition after surgery. Purpose: To report on a large cohort of competitive baseball players with hook of hamate fractures treated with excision of the fragment and to assess the timetable for return to full athletic competition. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: Competitive baseball players treated between 2012 and 2017 with hook of hamate excision for acute fractures or chronic fracture nonunions were retrospectively identified. All patients were treated by the same surgeon, and the time to return to full athletic competition was assessed. Return to play was defined as reaching the athlete’s preinjury level and being able to perform full sport activities. Results: A total of 41 baseball players were identified, all of whom were documented to have a chronic presentation of a nonunion or partial union. The population consisted completely of male athletes, with a median age of 21 years (range, 18-34 years). All patients were competitive athletes, with 12 professional baseball players, 17 collegiate baseball players, and 12 high school baseball players. All patients were treated with hook of hamate excision, with 7 patients undergoing concomitant procedures as indicated. The median time to return to play was 5 weeks (range, 3-7 weeks). The time to return to play was similar between professional, collegiate, and high school athletes. All athletes returned to their preinjury level of activity by 7 weeks postoperatively. Conclusion: This study confirms that excision of the fractured hook provides predictable, early return to play, with a limited complication rate.
The impact of phlebotomy and hydroxyurea on survival and risk of thrombosis among older patients with polycythemia vera
Authors: Podoltsev Nikolai A. , Zhu Mengxin , Zeidan Amer M. , Wang Rong , Wang Xiaoyi , Davidoff Amy J. , Huntington Scott F. , Giri Smith , Gore Steven D. , Ma Xiaomei 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Current guidelines recommend therapeutic phlebotomy for all polycythemia vera (PV) patients and additional cytoreductive therapy (eg, hydroxyurea [HU]) for high-risk PV patients. Little is known about the impact of these therapies in the real-world setting. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of older adults diagnosed with PV from 2007 to 2013 using the linked Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results–Medicare database. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the effect of phlebotomy and HU on overall survival (OS) and the occurrence of thrombotic events. Of 820 PV patients (median age = 77 years), 16.3% received neither phlebotomy nor HU, 23.0% were managed with phlebotomy only, 19.6% with HU only, and 41.1% with both treatments. After a median follow-up of 2.83 years, 37.2% (n = 305) of the patients died. Phlebotomy (yes/no; hazard ratio [HR] = 0.65; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.51-0.81; P &lt; .01), increasing phlebotomy intensity (HR = 0.71; 95% CI, 0.65-0.79; P &lt; .01), and a higher proportion of days covered (PDC) by HU were all significantly associated with lower mortality. When thrombosis was the outcome of interest, phlebotomy (yes/no; HR = 0.52; 95% CI, 0.42-0.66; P &lt; .01) and increasing phlebotomy intensity (HR = 0.46; 95% CI, 0.29-0.74; P &lt; .01) were significantly associated with a lower risk of thrombotic events, so was a higher HU PDC. In this population-based study of older adults with PV reflecting contemporary clinical practice, phlebotomy and HU were associated with improved OS and decreased risk of thrombosis. However, both treatment modalities were underused in this cohort of older PV patients.
Efficacy and safety of artemisinin-based combination therapy, and molecular markers for artemisinin and piperaquine resistance in Mainland Tanzania
Authors: Kakolwa Mwaka A. , Mahende Muhidin K. , Ishengoma Deus S. , Mandara Celine I. , Ngasala Billy , Kamugisha Erasmus , Kataraihya Johannes B. , Mandike Renata , Mkude Sigsbert , Chacky Frank , Njau Ritha , Premji Zul , Lemnge Martha M. , Warsame Marian , Menard Didier , Kabanywanyi Abdunoor M. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Background
Artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) is the first-line anti-malarial treatment of uncomplicated malaria in most malaria endemic countries, including Tanzania. Unfortunately, there have been reports of artemisinin resistance and ACT failure from South East Asia highlighting the need to monitor therapeutic efficacy of ACT in these countries as recommended by World Health Organization.

Methods
Open-label single arm studies in mainland Tanzania were conducted in nine sentinel sites in 2011, 2012 and 2015 to assess the efficacy and safety of artemether/lumefantrine (AL) and artesunate/amodiaquine (ASAQ) using 28 days follow-up and dihydroartemisinin/piperaquine (DHAPQ) using 42 days follow-up. Mutations in the propeller domain of the Plasmodium falciparum kelch 13 (k13) gene and amplification of the P. falciparum plasmepsin 2 (pm2) gene, associated with artemisinin and piperaquine (PQ) resistance, were also investigated.

Results
Of the 428 patients enrolled, 328 patients provided study endpoint. For AL, the PCR corrected per-protocol analysis showed adequate clinical and parasitological response (ACPR) of 90.3% (n = 28; 95% CI 74.2–98.0) in Kyela 2012, 95.7% (n = 22; 95% CI 78.1–99.0) in Chamwino, 100% in Muheza (n = 29; 95% CI 88.1–100), 100% in Nagaga (n = 39; 95% CI 91.0–100) and Kyela 2015 (n = 60; 95% CI 94.0–100). For ASAQ, PCR corrected ACPR of 98% (n = 49; 95% CI 89.4–99.9) and 100% (n = 25; 95% CI 86.3–100) were observed in 2011 in Ujiji and Kibaha, respectively. For DHAPQ, the ACPR was 100% (n = 71; 95% CI 94.9–100). Of the 235 samples with genetic interpretable results, only 7 (3%) had non-synonymous k13 mutations. None of these are candidate or validated markers of artemisinin resistance and all patients carrying these alleles cleared the parasites on day 3. Of the DHAPQ group, 10% (3/29) of the samples with interpretable results had pm2 multiple copies and none of them was associated with treatment failure.

Conclusion
All the tested ACT in mainland Tanzania were highly efficacious and none of validated k13 mutants associated with artemisinin resistance was observed. However, three isolates with multiple copy numbers of pm2 gene associated with PQ resistance among the limited samples tested successfully calls for further investigation.
Trial registration Number ACTRN12615000159550. Registered 18th February 2015, https://www.anzctr.org.au/trial/MyTrial.aspx
Extensive Molecular and Clinical Heterogeneity in Patients With Histologically Diagnosed CNS-PNET Treated as a Single Entity: A Report From the Children’s Oncology Group Randomized ACNS0332 Trial
Authors: Hwang Eugene I. , Kool Marcel , Burger Peter C. , Capper David , Chavez Lukas , Brabetz Sebastian , Williams-Hughes Chris , Billups Catherine , Heier Linda , Jaju Alok , Michalski Jeff , Li Yimei , Leary Sarah , Zhou Tianni , von Deimling Andreas , Jones David T.W. , Fouladi Maryam , Pollack Ian F. , Gajjar Amar , Packer Roger J. , Pfister Stefan M. , Olson James M. 
Published: October 2018

Purpose Children with histologically diagnosed high-risk medulloblastoma, supratentorial primitive neuroectodermal tumor of the CNS (CNS-PNET), and pineoblastoma (PBL) have had poor survival despite intensive treatment. We included these patients in this Children’s Oncology Group trial. Molecular profiling later revealed tumor heterogeneity that was not detectable at protocol inception. Enrollment of patients with CNS-PNET/PBL was subsequently discontinued, and outcomes for this part of the study are reported here. Patients and Methods In this phase III, four-arm prospective trial, consenting children age 3-22 years with newly diagnosed CNS-PNET were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive carboplatin during radiation and/or adjuvant isotretinoin after standard intensive therapy. Primary outcome measure was event-free survival (EFS) in the intent-to-treat population. Molecular tumor classification was retrospectively completed using DNA methylation profiling. Results Eighty-five participants with institutionally diagnosed CNS-PNETs/PBLs were enrolled. Of 60 patients with sufficient tissue, 31 were nonpineal in location, of which 22 (71%) represented tumors that were not intended for trial inclusion, including 18 high-grade gliomas (HGGs), two atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumors, and two ependymomas. Outcomes across tumor types were strikingly different. Patients with supratentorial embryonal tumors/PBLs exhibited 5-year EFS and overall survival of 62.8% (95% CI, 43.4% to 82.2%) and 78.5% (95% CI, 62.2% to 94.8%), respectively, whereas patients with molecularly classified HGG had EFS and overall survival of 5.6% (95% CI, 0% to 13.0%) and 12.0% (95% CI, 0% to 24.7%), respectively. Neither carboplatin, nor isotretinoin significantly altered outcomes for all patients. Survival for patients with HGG was similar to that of historic studies that avoid craniospinal irradiation and intensive chemotherapy. Conclusion For patients with CNS-PNET/PBL, prognosis is considerably better than previously assumed when molecularly confirmed HGGs are removed. Identification of molecular HGGs may spare affected children from unhelpful intensive treatment. This trial highlights the challenges of a histology-based diagnosis for pediatric brain tumors and indicates that molecular profiling should become a standard component of initial diagnosis.
Cohort-based multiscale analysis of hemodynamic-driven growth and remodeling of the embryonic pharyngeal arch arteries
Authors: Lindsey Stephanie E. , Butcher Jonathan T. , Vignon-Clementel Irene E. 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT
Growth and remodeling of the primitive pharyngeal arch artery (PAA) network into the extracardiac great vessels is poorly understood but a major source of clinically serious malformations. Undisrupted blood flow is required for normal PAA development, yet specific relationships between hemodynamics and remodeling remain largely unknown. Meeting this challenge is hindered by the common reductionist analysis of morphology to single idealized models, where in fact structural morphology varies substantially. Quantitative technical tools that allow tracking of morphological and hemodynamic changes in a population-based setting are essential to advancing our understanding of morphogenesis. Here, we have developed a methodological pipeline from high-resolution nano-computed tomography imaging and live-imaging flow measurements to multiscale pulsatile computational models. We combine experimental-based computational models of multiple PAAs to quantify hemodynamic forces in the rapidly morphing Hamburger Hamilton (HH) stage HH18, HH24 and HH26 embryos. We identify local morphological variation along the PAAs and their association with specific hemodynamic changes. Population-level mechano-morphogenic variability analysis is a powerful strategy for identifying stage-specific regions of well and poorly tolerated morphological and/or hemodynamic variation that may protect or initiate cardiovascular malformations.
Lipid bilayer stress-activated IRE-1 modulates autophagy during endoplasmic reticulum stress
Authors: Koh Jhee Hong , Wang Lei , Beaudoin-Chabot Caroline , Thibault Guillaume 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT
Metabolic disorders, such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), are emerging as epidemics that affect the global population. One facet of these disorders is attributed to the disturbance of membrane lipid composition. Perturbation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) homeostasis through alteration in membrane phospholipids activates the unfolded protein response (UPR) and causes dramatic transcriptional and translational changes in the cell. To restore cellular homeostasis, the three highly conserved UPR transducers ATF6, IRE1 (also known as ERN1 in mammals) and PERK (also known as EIF2AK3 in mammals) mediate adaptive responses upon ER stress. The homeostatic UPR cascade is well characterised under conditions of proteotoxic stress, but much less so under lipid bilayer stress-induced UPR. Here, we show that disrupted phosphatidylcholine (PC) synthesis in Caenorhabditis elegans causes lipid bilayer stress, lipid droplet accumulation and ER stress induction. Transcriptional profiling of PC-deficient worms revealed a unique subset of genes regulated in a UPR-dependent manner that is independent from proteotoxic stress. Among these, we show that autophagy is modulated through the conserved IRE-1–XBP-1 axis, strongly suggesting of the importance of autophagy in maintaining cellular homeostasis during the lipid bilayer stress-induced UPR.
Mechanically stimulated ATP release from mammalian cells: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Mikolajewicz Nicholas , Mohammed Ali , Morris Martin , Komarova Svetlana V. 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT
Body tissues are exposed to a complex mechanical environment, which is perceived by cells and converted to biochemical signals such as ATP release. We performed a meta-analysis of 278 systematically identified studies that investigated mechanically stimulated ATP release (MSAR) to quantify the amounts, kinetics and mechanisms of ATP release under normal and pathological conditions. Mechanically stimulated mammalian cells were shown to release 38.6 [95% confidence interval (CI): 18.2–81.8] amol ATP/cell on average with a characteristic time constant of 32 s (95% CI: 16–66). Analysis of ATP release mechanisms revealed the existence of conserved and tissue-specific release routes. We assessed ATP release in pathophysiological states, and found that ATP release was elevated in inflammation and injury, and attenuated in hereditary (such as cystic fibrosis) and metabolic (such as type II diabetes) conditions. Our study links cell-specific ATP release mechanisms to pathophysiological changes in ATP release and allows ATP release-targeting interventions to be mapped to site-specific effects. This work demonstrates that quantitative synthesis of basic research can generate non-trivial hypotheses and inform evidence-driven translational studies.
Metagenomic evaluation of a Utah tar sand microbiota suggests the predominant hydrocarbonoclastic role of Actinobacteria
Authors: Lewis Dawn E. , Pathak Ashish , Jones Cynthia B. , Akpovo Charlemagne , Chauhan Ashvini 
Published: October 2018

Background: Occurrences of tar sands have been reported in 22 states in the United States; however, the largest deposit is located in southwestern Utah. It has been suggested that tar sands were created by the microbial degradation of immobile subsurface oil over several million years; however, little is known about the indigenous microbial communities in the bituminous tar sands. Methods: This study identified Utah tar sand microbiota using next-generation sequencing technology and characterized the functional diversity using community-level physiological profile (CLPP). Results: Microbiota identified in these tar sands are mainly affiliated with the Gram-positive Actinobacteria and representatives of genera that have also been previously shown to degrade aromatic hydrocarbons, including Arthrobacter, Dietzia, Janibacter, Nocardioides, Microbacterium, Agrococcus and Salinibacterium, suggesting that these microbes likely play roles in the biodegradation of oil-hydrocarbons. CLPP analysis revealed less than 24 h was needed for the first color development in the microplate wells containing the polymers, whereas the duration of the lag phase of the carboxylic acids was prolonged. Conclusions: The quick utilization of the polymers suggests that the indigenous microbial community, especially the actinomycetes in the tar sand habitat, are poised and primed to degrade these recalcitrant compounds.
Early detection of deep wound infection in bladder exstrophy and hypospadias using a novel intervention
Authors: Sabetkish Shabnam , Sabetkish Nastaran , Kajbafzadeh Abdol-Mohammad 
Published: October 2018

Objective: To introduce a practical technique for the early detection and prompt management of a probable bladder dehiscence (BD) and glanular dehiscence (GD) in patients with bladder exstrophy epispadias complex (BEEC) and hypospadias. Method: In this prospective study, paediatric patients with BEEC (group 1) and with proximal hypospadias (group 2) underwent body temperature measurement using a non-contact infrared radiant digital temperature measurement device in four body regions, including the surgical wound, forehead, right hand, and right foot at eight hour intervals, postoperatively. This technique was performed to detect wound temperature rises before whole body temperature rise or visible local wound skin redness, cellulitis or any sign of inflammation or wound dehiscence (WD). Results: A total of 24 paediatric patients were recruited. Temperature rise in the surgical wound area was discovered in two patients with BEEC. The temperature reached 39.2°C in the first case (12 days postoperative) and 39.4°C in the second case (16 days postoperative). Urinalysis, urine culture, and clean surgical wound sampling was performed and the presence of Gram-positive microorganisms was detected. Both patients were managed with intravenous imipenem and vancomycin. After changing the antibiotic regimen, wound temperature was gradually decreased to 37.2°C in the first patient by day 16, and to 36.9°C in the second patient by day 21, without rise in body temperature. Other patients in group 1 and all patients in group 2 had normal wound temperature fluctuations within the follow-up period. Conclusion: Postoperative periodical temperature measurement by a non-contact infrared radiant digital temperature measurement device is a safe and feasible technique that has the ability to detect deep wound infection, and may prevent the occurrence of WD before any visible sign of inflammation.
Reviews: Books
Authors: Lombar Jaka , Camplin Tayler , Carr Kim , Staub Chamberlain , Triplett Steph 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
On the Eve of the Future: Selected Writings on Film, Annette Michelson (2017)
Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 352pp., ISBN: 9780262035507 (hbk), $39.95
Pola Negri: Hollywood’s First Femme Fatale, Mariusz Kotowski (2014)
Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 243pp., ISBN: 9780813144887 (hbk), $40.00, ISBN: 9780813144894 (ebk), $40.00
How to Watch a Movie, David Thomson (2017)
New York: Vintage, 258pp., ISBN: 9781101875407 (pbk), $16.95
Reform Cinema in Iran: Film and Political Change in the Islamic Republic, Blake Atwood (2016)
New York: Colombia University Press, 280pp., ISBN: 9780231178174
(pbk), $30.00, ISBN: 9780231178167 (hbk), $90.00
The Great Movies IV, Roger Ebert (2016)
Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 251pp., ISBN: 9780226403984 (hbk), $27.50, ISBN: 97802264043035 (ebk), $9.99
Films
Authors: Ball Craig , Bugeja Nick , DeAngelis Christopher , Moore Alexandria Rose , Smallwood Kimberly Mariah 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
45 Years (2015)
UK Director Andrew Haigh Runtime 91 minutes
Graduation and the State of a Stagnant Society
Graduation (2016)
Romania Director Cristian Mungiu Runtime 128 minutes
Dunkirk (2017)
United States Director Christopher Nolan Runtime 106 minutes
Lemonade (2016)
USA Directors Kahlil Joseph, Beyoncé Knowles-Carter Runtime 46 minutes
Satan Said Dance (2016)
Poland Director Katarzyna Rosłaniec Runtime 97 minutes
Obywatelska inicjatywa ustawodawcza w polskim porządku prawnym – próba oceny z perspektywy praktyki parlamentarnej
Authors: Borski Maciej , Przywora Bogusław 
Published: October 2018

Celem opracowania jest podjęcie próby przedstawienia oraz oceny regulacji prawnych dotyczących postępowania z obywatelskim projektem ustawy w polskim porządku prawnym z perspektywy praktyki stosowania tej instytucji. Podejmowane zagadnienie ma nie tylko wymiar teoretyczny, ale również kluczowe znaczenie praktyczne, bowiem zainteresowanie tym mechanizmem prawnym wśród obywateli z każdym rokiem jest coraz większe i wpływa na kształt społeczeństwa obywatelskiego. Problem w tym, iż istnieje wiele barier, przepisów utrudniających obywatelom skuteczne korzystanie z przysługującego im konstytucyjnego prawa, począwszy od rejestracji komitetu aż po etap prac parlamentarnych nad projektem. Biorąc to pod uwagę w podsumowaniu zaproponowano kierunki zmian w zakresie obywatelskiej inicjatywy ustawodawczej.
Oil-absorbing porous cellulosic material from sized wood pulp fines
Authors: Colson Jérôme , Amer Hassan , Liebner Falk , Gindl-Altmutter Wolfgang 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Fine fibres (fines) occur at various stages of the papermaking process. The high specific surface of fines may be of special interest in applications beyond papermaking. In the present study, foamy water suspensions of fines were freeze-dried, and in this way their porous structure was maintained. The density and porosity of these foams could be governed by varying the water content of the suspensions. The obtained matrices were highly hydrophobic because of the sizing applied during the papermaking process. Consequently, a high oil sorption capacity of the fines was observed. Up to a porosity of 98%, more than 80% of the overall volume of the foam-like material could be soaked with liquid. At higher porosities, the absorbed volume decreased. Mechanical reinforcement of the foams with poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) as accomplished by dip-coating had no negative impact on the sorption behaviour. However, the performance of reinforced samples suffered from strong shrinkage upon drying, especially for high porosity matrices.