bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving melt pool depth estimation in laser powder bed fusion with metallic alloys using the thermal dose concept
Authors: Correa-Gómez Erasmo , Moock Verena M. , Caballero-Ruiz Alberto , Ruiz-Huerta Leopoldo 
Published: October 2024

AbstractLaser-matter interactions in laser powder bed fusion for metals (LPBF-Ms) significantly impact the final properties of the fabricated components. Critical process parameters, such as the linear energy density (LED), the ratio of laser power to scan speed, modify the energy input and consequently modify the melt pool geometry. LED strongly influences the melt pool cross-sectional profile, which dictates the thermal effects, microstructure, and mechanical properties of the finished part. Recognizing the crucial role of the melt pool in additive manufacturing, researchers have developed predictive models to estimate its dimensions and morphology. These models aid in tailoring part properties, optimizing process parameters, and reducing the number of experimental trials. However, existing models are either computationally expensive or analytically overly simplified for general LPBF-M applications. This study proposes an improved model that incorporates the Rosenthal equation as described by Tang to increase the accuracy of melt pool depth prediction. By using the thermal gradient per unit time, termed the “thermal dose” in this paper, corresponding to the LED value that produces experimental near-semicircular melt pool shapes for each studied material, we can improve the melt pool depth estimation. The trend revealed a good fit across the LED range compared with experimental measurements, suggesting the model’s effectiveness.
On asset pricing in a binomial model with fixed and proportional transaction costs, portfolio constraints and dividends
Authors: Babaei Esmaeil 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWe extend the classical binomial model proposed by Cox, Ross, and Rubinstein for derivative security pricing to encompass both fixed and proportional transaction costs, portfolio constraints including margin requirements, and dividend-paying assets. Our focus is on studying option hedging within this enriched framework. Initially, we establish the existence of a hedging strategy in this context. Subsequently, we determine the optimal hedging strategy and its associated initial cost by decomposing the problem into a sequence of hedging problems. To illustrate our approach, we present a numerical example within a 3-period binomial model.
A Stochastic Non-zero-Sum Game of Controlling the Debt-to-GDP Ratio
Authors: Dammann Felix , Rodosthenous Neofytos , Villeneuve Stéphane 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWe introduce a non-zero-sum game between a government and a legislative body to study the optimal level of debt. Each player, with different time preferences, can intervene on the stochastic dynamics of the debt-to-GDP ratio via singular stochastic controls, in view of minimizing non-continuously differentiable running costs. We completely characterise Nash equilibria in the class of Skorokhod-reflection-type policies. We highlight the importance of different time preferences resulting in qualitatively different type of equilibria. In particular, we show that, while it is always optimal for the government to devise an appropriate debt issuance policy, the legislator should optimally impose a debt ceiling only under relatively low discount rates and a laissez-faire policy can be optimal for high values of the legislator’s discount rate.
A Novel Method for Identifying Patients with High Risk of Litigation in Plastic Surgery: Introducing the FATIMA Acronym
Authors: Vicente-Ruiz Miriam , Hontanilla Bernardo 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
In recent years, there has been an upward tendency in the number of claims against Plastic Surgeons in some countries, while remaining among the most litigated specialists worldwide. Identifying the most frequent traits in Plastic Surgery claimants could aid surgeons in performing better patient selection and avoid liability.

Methods
The three main legal databases in Spain were consulted for Plastic Surgery litigations in Spain over a five-year period. Data from the plaintiffs, defendants and judicial processes were collected. In addition, expert witnesses were interviewed and data from the main medico-legal association in Spain was collected. This data was contrasted with the available literature regarding litigation in Plastic Surgery worldwide.

Results
A total of 199 court resolutions were analyzed, two expert witnesses were interviewed and “The Patient’s Advocate Association” of Spain was consulted. The most frequent traits observed in the plaintiffs were summarized in the acronym FATIMA that describes a Female patient using Antidepressants or Anxiolytics, presenting body Tattoos, suing after undergoing a breast surgery with the use of Implants, Middle-aged and with Access to free legal services.

Conclusions
The use of the acronym FATIMA in the identification of patients with high risk of litigation in Plastic Surgery could aid surgeons in performing adequate patient selection and avoiding medical liability.

Level of Evidence IV
This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.
Epidemiological and Genetic Insights of the Circulating Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Serotypes in Egypt
Authors: Hassanein Rabab T. , Abdelmegeed Hala K. , Abdelwahed Dina A. , Zaki Abeer G. , Saad Alaa S. , Shahein Momtaz A. , Afify Ahmed F. , Rohaim Mohammed A. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractFoot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) remains a major threat to livestock in Egypt, with ongoing outbreaks involving serotypes A, O, and SAT2. This study aimed to improve the understanding of these circulating FMDV strains to improve control measures. Between 2022 and 2023, 134 cattle samples from across Egypt were analyzed, revealing a 67.9% positivity rate for Pan FMDV. Of these positive samples, 64 were identified as serotype A and 27 as serotype O. Genetic analysis indicated that serotype O strains clustered within the EA-3 topotype, suggesting endemic persistence and potential vaccine evasion, while serotype A strains were associated with the African topotype and linked to regions such as Ethiopia, Kenya, and Sudan. Notable amino acid mutations in the VP1 protein of both serotypes highlighted potential challenges to vaccine effectiveness. These findings underscore the need for enhanced surveillance, timely vaccine updates, and regional cooperation to effectively manage FMD outbreaks in Egypt and neighboring countries.
Einsatz symbolischer KI in Hochschulen durch formale Modellierung von Studien- und Prüfungsordnungen
Authors: von der Heyde Markus , Goebel Matthias , Lindow Stefan , Lucke Ulrike 
Published: October 2024

Zusammenfassung
In der modernen Hochschullandschaft ist die effiziente Verwaltung von Informationsbeständen ein zentrales Anliegen der Digitalisierung. In diesem Beitrag argumentieren wir, dass der Einsatz symbolischer künstlicher Intelligenz (KI) besonders geeignet ist, um eine konsistente Repräsentation von Studien- und Prüfungsordnungen (StPO) zu erzeugen und effektiv zu nutzen, und demonstrieren dies am Einsatz der formalen Spezifikationssprache SemaLogic. In der Einleitung erläutern wir, auf welche übergreifenden Probleme der Digitalisierung der Hochschullandschaft wir uns konzentrieren, wie unser Ansatz beschaffen ist und welche spezifischen Anwendungsanforderungen bestehen. Im Hauptteil stellen wir unseren Lösungsansatz im Detail vor: SemaLogic ermöglicht eine maschinenlesbare und formalsprachliche Repräsentation von Regelwerken, sodass eine Validierung und dynamische Visualisierung der Strukturen sowie darauf aufbauende Prozesse wie die Studienverlaufsplanung und die Qualitätssicherung während der Curriculumentwicklung möglich werden. Durch seine flexible Anpassung auf der Ebene von Symbolen, Tokens und Syntax rückt SemaLogic die formale Sprache in die Nähe natürlichsprachlicher Eingaben, was den Einsatzbereich erheblich erweitern sollte. Am Ende des Beitrags gehen wir detailliert auf Anwendungsszenarien eines KI-Assistenzsystems für die individuelle Studienverlaufsplanung oder das Qualitätsmanagement und die Unterstützung von Studienreformen ein. Der Beitrag verdeutlicht, dass die Vorteile einer flexiblen, symbolischen Repräsentation von Regelwerken im Lebenszyklus der Hochschulbildung in Datensparsamkeit, Ressourcenschonung und Interoperabilität mit existierenden Campus-Management-Systemen bestehen und sie damit übergreifende Wirkung in der Digitalisierung der Hochschullandschaft hat.
Evaluation of complications and biochemical recurrence rates after (super) extended lymph node dissection during radical prostatectomy
Authors: Baas Diederik J.H. , Israël Bas , de Baaij Joost M.S. , Vrijhof Henricus J.E.J. , Hoekstra Robert J. , Kusters-Vandevelde Heidi , Mulders Peter F.A. , Michiel Sedelaar J. P. , Somford Diederik M. , van Basten Jean-Paul A. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Objective
To evaluate the effectiveness of extended (e-PLND) and super-extended pelvic lymph node dissection (se-PLND) during robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) by examining lymph node (LN) yield, complications, LN metastasis, and biochemical recurrence (BCR) incidence.

Methods
Between January 2016 and January 2020, 354 consecutive patients with > 5% risk of lymph node involvement (LNI), as predicted by the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center nomogram, underwent RARP with (s)e-PLND at a high-volume center. The e-PLND involved removing fibrofatty lymphatic tissue around the obturator fossa, internal iliac region, and external iliac vessels. The se-PLND, performed at the discretion of the surgeons, also included lymph nodes from the pre-sacral and common iliac regions. Outcomes included histopathological findings by anatomical region; complications; and BCR incidence during follow-up.

Results
The median LNI risk was 18% (IQR 9–31%). A median of 22 LN (IQR 16–28) were removed, with se-PLND yielding a higher number: 25 (IQR 20–32) compared to e-PLND: 17 (IQR 13–24) (p < 0.001). pN1 disease was detected in 22% of patients overall, higher in se-PLND (29%) than e-PLND (14%) (p < 0.001). Of metastatic LNs, 14% were situated outside the e-PLND template. Operation time was longer for se-PLND, but perioperative complications were similar between both groups. After a median follow-up of 24 months (IQR 7–33), BCR incidence was comparable between the two groups.

Conclusion
Compared to standard extended pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND), super extended PLND increases lymph node yield and removal of metastatic deposits but does not contribute to progression free survival at mid-term.
Can Ki-67 serve as a suitable marker to indicate the necessity of staging diagnostics in cases of low-risk breast cancer?
Authors: Jung Lisa , Huwer Sarah Isabelle , Jungmann Peter , Medl Markus , Taran Florin-Andrei , Neubauer Jakob , Wilpert Carolin , Juhasz-Böss Ingolf , Müller Carolin 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
For many years, staging tests have not been routinely employed for low-risk early breast cancer (EBC). However, the role of Ki-67 in determining the need for staging tests in low-risk EBC remains unclear. Our study aimed to assess the number and types of staging diagnostics, additional imaging, false-positive results, and rate of distant metastases in low-risk EBC with low and high Ki-67 (< / ≥ 25%).

Methods
This is a retrospective, single institution cohort study. All patients with newly diagnosed low-risk breast cancer at the University Medical Center in Freiburg in 2017 and 2021 were included. Low-risk was defined as clinical tumor stage T1/2, node negative (N0), hormone receptor positive, HER2 negative, asymptomatic EBC. Information on demographics, clinical and pathological characteristics, as well as number and type of performed staging diagnostics was obtained. Rate and type of additional imaging or follow-up diagnostics due to suspicious findings was analyzed. The patients were divided into two groups (Ki-67 < and ≥ 25%) and rates of distant metastases, performed staging diagnostics and false positive rates were compared.

Results
A total of 189 patients with low-risk EBC were identified, with 54% (n = 102) having Ki-67 < 25% and 46% (n = 87) having Ki-67 ≥ 25%. Risk for distant metastases was 0% in Ki-67 < 25% and 1.1% in patients with Ki-67 ≥ 25% (p = 0.46). Due to suspicious findings in the initial staging diagnostic, additional imaging was required for 11.8% (n = 12) of patients with Ki-67 < 25% compared to 19.5% (n = 17) of patients with Ki-67 ≥ 25% (p = 0.16). False positive rates did not differ significantly between the two groups (7.6% in Ki-67 < 25% vs. 9.8% in Ki-67 ≥ 25%; p = 0.55).

Conclusion
Distant metastases are rare in low-risk EBC. All in all, staging diagnostics should not be routinely employed in this patient population. Only patients with high Ki-67 developed distant metastases. In these cases, staging diagnostics may be discussed with the patient.
Young adult Latino testicular cancer survivors: a pilot study of Goal-focused Emotion regulation Therapy (GET)
Authors: Hoyt Michael A. , Campos Belinda , Lechuga Jose G. , Fortier Michelle A. , Llave Karen , Haydon Marcie , Daneshvar Michael , Nelson Christian J. , Wu Baolin 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Young adult Latino testicular cancer survivors experience adverse impacts after treatment. We developed Goal-focused Emotion regulation Therapy (GET) to improve distress symptoms, goal navigation skills, and emotion regulation. This open pilot trial extended GET to Latino young adult survivors of testicular cancer and assessed feasibility and tolerability as well as changes in anxiety and depressive symptoms. Secondary outcomes included goal navigation, emotion regulation, and components of hope-related goal processes (i.e., agency and pathway mapping). To assess the extent to which GET is culturally congruent or in need of adaptation, the influence of simpatía and acculturative stress were also examined.

Methods
Thirty-five eligible young adult (age 18–39) survivors treated with chemotherapy were enrolled and assessed at baseline. Study acceptability, tolerability, and therapeutic alliance were examined. Preliminary efficacy was evaluated for changes in anxiety and depressive symptoms as well as psychological processes (goal navigation, agency, goal pathway skill, and emotion regulation) from baseline to immediate post- and 3-month post-intervention.

Results
Among the 35 men assessed at baseline, 54% initiated intervention sessions. Among these, 94.7% completed all study procedures. Helpfulness ratings of intervention components and therapeutic alliance scores were strong. Repeated measures ANOVA revealed significant reductions in anxiety and depressive symptoms from pre- to post-intervention with sustained change at the 3-month follow-up. Favorable patterns of change were also observed in GET-related psychological processes. Simpatía was associated with less depressive symptoms at post-intervention, but not change in anxiety. Acculturative stress was associated with increased anxiety and depressive symptoms over time.

Conclusion
GET is a feasible and acceptable intervention for reducing adverse outcomes after testicular cancer for young adult Latino men. Results should be considered preliminary but suggest meaningful changes in emotional and psychological outcomes.
Prediction of single cell mechanical properties in microchannels based on deep learning
Authors: Gong Jiajie , Liu Xinyue , Zhang Yancong , Zhu Fengping , Hu Guohui 
Published: October 2024

AbstractTraditional methods for measuring single-cell mechanical characteristics face several challenges, including lengthy measurement times, low throughput, and a requirement for advanced technical skills. To overcome these challenges, a novel machine learning (ML) approach is implemented based on the convolutional neural networks (CNNs), aiming at predicting cells’ elastic modulus and constitutive equations from their deformations while passing through micro-constriction channels. In the present study, the computational fluid dynamics technology is used to generate a dataset within the range of the cell elastic modulus, incorporating three widely-used constitutive models that characterize the cellular mechanical behavior, i.e., the Mooney-Rivlin (M-R), Neo-Hookean (N-H), and Kelvin-Voigt (K-V) models. Utilizing this dataset, a multi-input convolutional neural network (MI-CNN) algorithm is developed by incorporating cellular deformation data as well as the time and positional information. This approach accurately predicts the cell elastic modulus, with a coefficient of determination R2 of 0.999, a root mean square error of 0.218, and a mean absolute percentage error of 1.089%. The model consistently achieves high-precision predictions of the cellular elastic modulus with a maximum R2 of 0.99, even when the stochastic noise is added to the simulated data. One significant feature of the present model is that it has the ability to effectively classify the three types of constitutive equations we applied. The model accurately and reliably predicts single-cell mechanical properties, showcasing a robust ability to generalize. We demonstrate that incorporating deformation features at multiple time points can enhance the algorithm’s accuracy and generalization. This algorithm presents a possibility for high-throughput, highly automated, real-time, and precise characterization of single-cell mechanical properties.
Phase equilibria and thermodynamic analysis of liquid–liquid immiscibility in the system SiO2–Na2O–MoO3
Authors: Sugawara Toru , Ohira Toshiaki , Kondo Ryoichi , Jin Kousuke 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPhase equilibrium experiments were carried out in the SiO2–Na2O–MoO3 system at 1200ºC and 1000ºC. We found that immiscible phase region in this system is narrower than that reported previously. By combining phase relationship and thermodynamic data and assuming associate species model, interaction parameters to describe enthalpy of mixing of SiO2–Na2O–MoO3 liquid were optimized by CALPHAD methodology. The thermodynamic database can be applied to thermodynamic calculations of silicate systems containing molybdenum, such as the vitrification process of high-level radioactive waste.
Accumulation of Oncogenic Mutations During Progression from Healthy Tissue to Cancer
Authors: Zhang Ruibo , Bozic Ivana 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCancers are typically fueled by sequential accumulation of driver mutations in a previously healthy cell. Some of these mutations, such as inactivation of the first copy of a tumor suppressor gene, can be neutral, and some, like those resulting in activation of oncogenes, may provide cells with a selective growth advantage. We study a multi-type branching process that starts with healthy tissue in homeostasis and models accumulation of neutral and advantageous mutations on the way to cancer. We provide results regarding the sizes of premalignant populations and the waiting times to the first cell with a particular combination of mutations, including the waiting time to malignancy. Finally, we apply our results to two specific biological settings: initiation of colorectal cancer and age incidence of chronic myeloid leukemia. Our model allows for any order of neutral and advantageous mutations and can be applied to other evolutionary settings.
Language Operative Capacity in Small and Medium-sized Enterprises
Authors: Tibrewal Ankita , de Jong Ad , Parkes Geoff , Tenzer Helene , Bel-Lahsen Melissa 
Published: October 2024

AbstractLanguage-related IB research predominantly targets large MNCs, often overlooking the challenges that internationalizing SMEs face in effectively utilizing their limited language resources. To address this gap and assist SMEs in overcoming their unique language challenges, we develop a scale for language operative capacity (LOC), which measures a firm’s capacity to deploy language resources most productively throughout its global operations. We validate this instrument with data from 417 SMEs and examine its impact on two critical internationalization metrics: export performance and international networking capability. Our study makes three key contributions to language-related IB research and capacity research. First, we provide a comprehensive and robust LOC instrument, incorporating distinctions between potential and realized capacity from the capacity literature. Second, we offer a deeper understanding of language as a multi-level phenomenon by highlighting the interaction between individual-level language skills and organizational-level capacities. Third, we extend the scarce language-related IB research on SMEs by offering a nuanced understanding of LOC as a strategic resource, by validating the LOC instrument in the context of internationalizing SMEs, and by demonstrating its explanatory power for essential internationalization metrics. Additionally, our research provides SMEs with an actionable tool to assess their linguistic capacities, develop their language resources and optimize the use of these language resources in international operations.
Diagnostic of the Liquid Injection Behavior in the Case of Axial Suspension Plasma Spray (ASPS)
Authors: Gaudin Maxime , Goutier Simon , Rivaud Geoffroy , Joulia Aurélien , Béchade Emilie , Kéromnès Alan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In thermal spraying, controlling particles injection into the plasma plume is crucial and different injection techniques could be used, in particular axial injection. Understanding the impact of axial injection parameters (co-injector gas flow rate and suspension feed rate) is an essential factor in optimizing the coating processes and thus controlling the coating microstructure. Optical (shadowgraphy and particle image velocimetry) and thermal (hot zone length) diagnostics highlighted that the co-injector gas used on the Axial III Plus torch in Suspension Plasma Spraying had no positive effect on suspension atomization and treatment. In the absence of plasma gases, increasing the co-injector gas flow rate significantly improves suspension atomization. However, this benefit is not maintained in the presence of plasma jet because the co-injector gas constricts the suspension in the center of the plasma jet, delaying fragmentation and decreasing particle velocity in the plasma plume. Nevertheless, as the co-injector gas variations are minimal compared to the plasma gas flow, the influence on the microstructure remains relatively low, for example in thermal barrier coating applications. It is recommended to use the lowest possible co-injector gas flow rate to minimize its effect on the kinetic treatment of the particles.
Impact analysis of ethylene antagonists, storage environments and storage periods on postharvest physiology of ‘Cripps Pink’ apple fruit
Authors: Tokala Vijay Yadav , Afrifa-Yamoah Eben , Singh Zora 
Published: October 2024

AbstractEthylene management and manipulating storage conditions are crucial elements that impact the postharvest quality of apple fruit. This study demonstrated the optimal approach for preserving the quality of ‘Cripps Pink’ apple fruit during storage by minimizing ethylene production and action, respiration rate, physiological loss of weight (PLW), and textural changes. Ethylene antagonist treatment had the greatest impact on suppressing ethylene and respiration peaks, while storage duration notably influenced fruit firmness and PLW. Fumigation treatment with 1-methylcyclopropene (MCP), 1H-cyclopropabenzene (BC), and 1H-cyclopropa[b]naphthalene (NC) effectively reduced ethylene and respiration peaks. Storage conditions (cold, controlled atmosphere, and photocatalytic oxidation) affected ethylene production and respiration, with ozonized storage showing higher rates. Prolonged storage led to increased PLW, ethylene production, and decreased fruit firmness. The most effective treatment combination for ethylene action antagonism and maintaining fruit quality was MCP treatment in ozonized cold storage for 120 d.