bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
O defeito da Lei Universal do Entendimento na Fenomenologia do Espírito
Authors: Chagas Eduardo F. 
Published: February 2018

Hegel chama a atenção para o fato de que a lei é necessária, mas sua necessidade não é uma necessidade, mas uma palavra vazia, abstrata, visto que ela é meramente uma definição ou um conceito do entendi mento, uma identidade formal ou uma essência, na qual não está contida a existência; ou, com outras palavras, a lei como lei, necessária, não está posta no objeto mesmo. Essa lei universal, enquanto força simples ou diferença interna, é obra do entendimento, por isso seu aspecto necessário não é real, exprime apenas a própria necessidade do entendimento; a lei universal é aquela diferença interna, a diferença inerte, puramente subjetiva, que reside somente nas palavras do entendimento; uma diferença sem diferença, uma diferença que não exprime nenhuma diferença do objeto mesmo (§154° PhG). Se as diferenças nada são em si, pois elas têm o mesmo conteúdo, a mesma constituição, a saber, a diferença interior, a diferença única da lei, dada pelo entendimento, então a diferença como diferença de conteúdo, isto é, do objeto, está, na lei geral (na pura força), descartada. Assim sendo, a explicação (Erklärung) que descreve os diversos momentos ou ciclos constituídos da lei necessária, universal, recai não no objeto, mas só no entendimento, resultando daí um movimento analítico, puramente tautológico, formal do entendimento consigo mesmo. Nesse movimento tautológico, o entendimento deixa de lado o objeto e descobre somente a si mesmo; ele nada diz acerca do objeto mesmo, mas apenas persiste no seu próprio objeto, que é a unidade tranquila do objeto, o reino calmo das leis universais, elaboradas por ele mesmo (§155° da PhG).
O processo educativo no Pensamento Marxista
Authors: Araújo Raquel Dias 
Published: February 2018

O presente artigo, intitulado “O processo educativo no pensamento marxista”, traz os resultados da pesquisa desenvolvida no âmbito do Projeto de Iniciação Cientifica da Universidade Estadual do Ceará – IC/UECE. A pesquisa assumiu como objetivo geral perscrutar nas obras de Marx e Engels os esboços de uma concepção de Educação de matiz emancipatória, identificando suas principais categorias e buscando aferir, a partir de seus intérpretes no campo da educação, o papel do complexo educacional no processo de emancipação humana. Trata-se de um trabalho de natureza teórica, realizado mediante pesquisa bibliográfica, durante a qual, no primeiro momento, detivemos nossa atenção sobre a análise da categoria Educação nas obras de Marx e Engels, tomando como referência a coletânea “Textos sobre educação e ensino” (MARX; ENGELS, 2004). Partindo daí, debruçamo-nos sobre a contribuição de alguns intérpretes que se dedicaram a estudar acerca do tema da Educação, à luz do referencial marxiano. Para tanto, selecionamos uma amostra das obras, a saber, Mészáros (1981, 2005), Tonet (2005), dando destaque para a análise da obra de Saviani, Pedagogia Histórico-Crítica (2003). A problemática foi enfrentada à luz da ontologia marxiana, considerando, portanto, a educação em sua complexidade histórico-social. Por esse ângulo, buscamos identificar os limites e reconhecer as possibilidades de uma intervenção pedagógica no interior dos sistemas educativos, no contexto das sociedades de classes e, em particular, no capitalismo, no horizonte da emancipação humana.
Giordano Bruno e a crise religiosa da segunda metade do século XVI
Authors: Lopes Ideusa Celestino 
Published: February 2018

Neste artigo abordamos a crise religiosa que assolou a Europa no século XVI, iniciada com Martinho Lutero (1483-1546) quando tornou pública a sua insatisfação em 1517, contra vários procedimentos da Igreja Católica Apostólica Romana, em particular o tema das indulgências. O movimento denominado Contrarreforma ou Reforma Católica foi uma reação à disseminação dessas ideias, teve como auge a realização do Concílio de Trento realizado em 1545. Teremos como referência para esse estudo a compreensão elaborada por Giordano Bruno (1548-1600) exposta na obra Spaccio de la bestia trionfante, 2007, publicada em Londres em 1584. A referida obra trata especificamente da crise dos valores morais advinda da cisão dos cristãos em católicos e protestantes. A moral, segundo Bruno é o campo de discussão dos vícios e virtudes, considerados por ele como os primeiros princípios da moral e a religião é considerada como fomentadora da manutenção do convívio social. Para Bruno a sociedade do século XVI não tinha uma religião que desempenhasse este papel, pois se encontrava esfacelada, já que cada grupo defendia uma religião e uma interpretação particular das sagradas escrituras e, porque não dizer, de Deus. A questão principal que permeia a nossa investigação é: o que leva Bruno a criticar seja os católicos, seja os protestantes; o que nos levou a uma outra indagação: ao criticar ambas, Bruno propõe uma terceira via, um outro sistema religioso? Concluímos que a religião, para Bruno, deve ser considerada como um aglutinador social, um instrumento político a ser usado pelos governantes para manter a ordem entre os seus súditos. Os protestantes e os católicos, ao disputarem a posição de verdadeiros intérpretes da divindade, dos sacramentos e das sagradas escrituras, contribuíram para estabelecer a discórdia entre os fiéis, não cumprindo, assim, o seu papel de mantenedora da paz entre os diferentes grupos sociais. Uma possível saída da crise, anunciada no Spaccio, entendemos que está relacionada a incorporação da religião pelo poder político, ou seja, pelo Estado.
A PRESENÇA DE FEUERBACH NOS MANUSCRITOS DE 1844 DE MARX
Authors: Hallak Monica 
Published: February 2018

O presente artigo tem como referência central a dissertação de Mestrado defendida por Rodrigo Alckmin no Programa de Pós Graduação em Filosofia da UFMG em 2003: Feuerbach e Marx – da sensibilidade à atividade sensível. O trabalho de Alckmin insere-se em um projeto mais amplo, coordenado pelo Professor José Chasin, que buscou reconstruir, através da leitura e análise de rascunhos, cartas, artigos e livros do período entre 1841 e 1847, os passos iniciais de Marx na constituição de sua própria abordagem. Os estudos realizados no interior desse projeto referenciam-se na publicação, em 1995, do texto Marx: estatuto ontológico e resolução metodológica, no qual Chasin sistematizou os resultados da pesquisa empreendida por ele que apontavam a necessidade de estudos mais aprofundados de determinados autores e temas que marcaram a obra de Marx no período de formação. É, portanto, com o intuito de compreender a influência de Feuerbach no processo inicial da formulação de Marx, que Alckmin elege o autor de Princípios da Filosofia do futuro como tema de pesquisa. Como o objetivo aqui é apresentar especificamente a presença de Feuerbach nos Manuscritos de 1844, será resgatada também parte da análise, desenvolvida no interior do mesmo projeto, presente na dissertação As categorias Lebensäusserung, Entäusserung, Entfremdung e Veräusserung nos Manuscritos Econômico-filosóficos de Karl Marx de 1844, na qual a reivindicação da sensibilidade, herdada de Feuerbach, aparece de forma direta. Os resultados das pesquisas apresentadas nos três trabalhos – Chasin (1995), Alckmin (2003) e Hallak (1999) – tanto confirmam a presença decisiva de Feuerbach na constituição do itinerário marxiano, quanto apontam as diferenças entre os dois autores que podem ser identificadas já nos rascunhos de 1844.
Efektivitas Perasan Daun Bunga Sepatu (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Sispitasari Yeti Eka 
Published: February 2018

Resistensi antibiotik merupakan masalah yang dihadapi oleh tenaga medis di seluruh dunia. Menurut WHO angka kematian akibat resistensi antibiotik sampai tahun 2014 sebesar 700.000 per tahun. Salah satu faktor pemicu meningkatnya kasus yakni penggunaan antibiotik yang tidak bijak pada manusia. Diperlukan alternatif antibiotik untuk mengendalikan infeksi bakteri, yang murah dan aman dengan menggunakan bahan alami berasal dari tanaman. Salah satu alternatifnya adalah daun bunga sepatu (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L). Dalam Daun bunga sepatu terkandung senyawa antimikroba yaitu: taraxeryl acetat, flavonoid, polifenol, dan saponin. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektivitas perasan daun bunga sepatu (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L) terhadap pertumbuhan Staphylococcus aureus.Jenis penelitian bersifat eksperimental laboratorium dengan post-test design group with control secara in vitro. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode difusi Ring dengan kosentrasi bahan uji yang digunakan 100%, 75%, 50%, 25%, dan kontrol negatif serta positif (tetrasiklin). Populasi penelitian adalah Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 berasal dari Balai Besar Laboratorium Kesehatan Surabaya. Uji statistik yang digunakan adalah annova dengan syarat data harus berdistribusi normal dan homogen dan dilanjutkan ke uji tukey HSD.Hasil analisis data uji annova menunjukkan bahwa perasan daun kembang sepatu (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L) efektif menghambat pertumbuhan Staphylococcus aureus dengan (nilai ρ<0,05). Diameter zona hambat perasan terbesar pada kosentrasi 100% yakni 26,6 mm dan terkecil pada 25% yakni 7,6 mm.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian daun bunga sepatu (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L) belum bisa dianggap sebagai alternatif untuk penanggulangan penggunaan antibiotik kimia dikarenakan kontrol pembanding yang gunakan merupakan golongan antibiotik generasi pertama. Sehingga perlu diadakan penelitian dengan menggunakan kontrol pembanding antibiotik generasi terbaru. Kata kunci : Daun Bunga sepatu, Staphylococcus aureus
The Relationship Between Glucosamine Supplementation and Increased Intraocular Pressure in Patients With Open Angle Glaucoma (at Dr. Wahidin Soediro Husodo Hospital)
Authors: Kusumawardhany Rini 
Published: February 2018

Introduction and Objective Researchers postulate that excessive deposits of GAG in the trabecular meshwork restrict outflow. Another theory suggests that increased release of GAG into the aqueous causes an osmotic effect, drawing more water into the anterior chamber, thus causing swelling, a decrease in pore size, and eventually increased resistance to outflow.Either of these proposed mechanisms could lead to an increased thickness of the pore lining and/or decreased outflow, resulting in increased intraocular pressure (IOP). Methods A total of 13 patients (26 eyes) 6 men, 7 women, with average age 62 years were included in this experimental study. IOP was measured before, on 7th day after they began glucosamine supplementation and after discontinuation. Patients had been selected who established the diagnosis of open-angle glaucoma, willingness to using glucosamine, IOP measurements at least 3 times within 2 years, and no associated changes in glaucoma medications or eye surgery.Result Based on the parametric repeat measure general linear model test, the IOP decreased significantly from during glucosamine supplementation to discontinuation of glucosamine.(P= 0,013, or P< 0,05). The IOP was increased during glucosamine supplementation compared with before glucosamine supplementation, but the difference statistically not significant. (P= 0,527).The IOP decreased after discontinuation compared with before supplementation, but the difference also statistically not significant. (P=1). There was no significant difference between the left and right eyes in each patient.
APLIKASI CONTENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (CMS) PADA JOOMLA UNTUK MEMBUAT WEB SERVICE
Authors: Siambaton Mhd. Zulfansyuri , Fakhriza Muhammad 
Published: February 2018

Aplikasi CMS (Content Management System), yaitu aplikkasi yang dapat mempermudah pengguna dalam melakukan pengelolaan website. Pengelolaan website dilakukan antara lain pengelolaan content, kategori dan user. Selain itu, aplikasi juga dapat menampilkan content yang telah dibuat kedalam halaman web. Aplikasi menyediakan web service untuk beberapa fitur yang dimilikinya sebagai alat untuk berinteraksi dengan aplikasi lain. Web service tersebut dapat digunakan aplikasi lain untuk mendapatkan dan menambah content, mengelola dan mendapatkan kategori, serta untuk mengelola user pada aplikasi penyedia web service. Aplikasi CMS yang digunakan adalah Joomla
SIMULASI INTERKONEKSI ANTARA AUTONOMOUS SYSTEM (AS) MENGGUNAKAN BORDER GATEWAY PROTOCOL (BGP)
Authors: Musril Hari Antoni 
Published: February 2018

An autonomous system (AS) is the collection of networks having the same set of routing policies. Each AS has administrative control to its own inter-domain routing policy. Computer networks consisting of a bunch of AS's with different routing will not be able to interconnecttion one another. This is causes communication in the network to be inhibited. For that we need a protocol that can connect each different AS. Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is an inter-domain routing protocol i.e. between different AS that is used to exchange routing information between them. In a typical inter-network (and in the Internet) each autonomous system designates one or more routers that run BGP software. BGP routers in each AS are linked to those in one or more other AS. The ability to exchange table routing information between Autonomous System (AS) is one of the advantages BGP. BGP implements routing policies based a set of attributes accompanying each route used to pick the “shortest” path across multiple ASs, along with one or more routing policies. BGP uses an algorithm which cannot be classified as a pure "Distance Vector", or pure "Link State". It is a path vector routing protocol as it defines a route as a collection of a number of AS that is passes through from source AS to destination AS. This paper discusses the implementation of the BGP routing protocol in the network that have different AS in order to interconnect. Its application using Packet Tracer 7.0 software for prototyping and simulating network. So that later can be applied to the actual network. Based on experiments that have been carried out, the BGP routing protocol can connect two routers that have different autonomous system.
IMPLEMENTASI TEKNOLOGI FRAMEWORK YII PADA APLIKASI BERBASIS WEB
Authors: Zakir Ahmad 
Published: February 2018

Yii merupakan Framework (kerangka kerja) PHP berbasis komponen, berkinerja tinggi untuk pengembangan aplikasi web berskala besar. Yii juga meyediakan reusability maksimum dalam pemrograman web dan mampu meningkatkan kecepatan pengembangan secara signifikan. Framework Yii merupakan salah satu dari sekian banyak framework PHP yang cukup populer dikalangan PHP developer dan merupakan salah satu dari sederetan PHP Framework yang bersifat open source yang sangat cocok untuk pengembangan aplikasi berbasis web dengan lalu lintas-tinggi, seperti portal, forum, sistem manajemen konten (CMS), sistem e-commerce dan lain-lain. Dengan menerapkan Framework Yii maka seorang programmer tidak perlu lagi membuat fungsi-fungsi dari awal, program tinggal memanggil kumpulan library atau fungsi yang sudah ada dalam framework, tentunya cara menggunakan fungsi-fungsi itu sudah ditentukan oleh framework.
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and associated factors among adolescents after 2015 Nepal Earthquake
Authors: Mishra Durga , Giri Deena , Marahatta Sujan Babu 
Published: February 2018

Background: On April 25, 2015 at 11:56 local time, a great earthquake of massive magnitude-7.8 trembler was experienced in Nepal. Along with the physical and economical loss, such disasters can have devastating consequences in adolescent’s mental health. The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and associated factors among adolescents after 2015 Nepal Earthquake.Methods: A total of 140 adolescents from grade 8, 9 and 10 of two higher secondary schools were recruited in this study. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder CheckList-5 (PCL-5) of DSM-V criteria was used for the diagnosis of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. Chi-square test was used to assess the association.Results: Among 140 adolescents, the age range was 12 to 19 years with a mean age of 14.8 (SD=1.1) where 27.1% of the participants had Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. A statistically significant association was found between Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and grade (χ² = 9.324, p<0.01), earthquake exposure (χ² =32.251, p<0.001) and death of someone close in earthquake (χ² = 9.535, p<0.01). Majority of the respondents reported symptoms of avoiding memories, thoughts, or feelings related to the stressful experience (58.57%).Conclusions: This study hopes to assist the therapist, psychiatrists and planners in the design and implementation of effective and appropriate intervention programs that can help reduce the impact of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder on adolescents, aid in psychological reconstruction and decrease the long term negative mental health consequences of such disasters especially for those who are at lower grade, were exposed to earthquake and lost their close people in the earthquake.Journal of Manmohan Memorial Institute of Health SciencesVol. 3, No. 1, 2017, page: 45-55
Developing an international higher education partnerships between high and low-income countries: two case studies
Authors: Teijlingen Edwin Van , Marahatta Sujan Babu , Simkhada Padam , McIver Malcolm , Sharma Jiwan P. 
Published: February 2018

Many people and departments in higher education institutions and hospitals across the globe have objectives that include cross-national partnership working, internationalisation, capacity-building and sharing education and research. We find such commendable ideals at a global level in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to strategic plans of individual organisations from both low and high-income countries. Using a case-study approach this paper offers insights into some of the key practical issues around global partnership working. We use two case studies of a developing partnership between two separate higher education institutions from the United Kingdom (UK) and one from Nepal. To inform and guide others interested in developing global partnerships we highlight key the reasons for, considerations about, key procedures around the development of such Nepal-UK partnerships and key challenges. Journal of Manmohan Memorial Institute of Health SciencesVol. 3, No. 1, 2017, page: 94-100
Intradural spinal arachnoid cyst resection: implications of duraplasty in a large case series
Authors: Moses Ziev B. , Friedman Gabriel N. , Penn David L. , Solomon Isaac H. , Chi John H. 
Published: February 2018

OBJECTIVEOptimal diagnosis and management strategies for intradural spinal arachnoid cysts (SACs) are still unresolved given the rare nature of this entity, with few large case series and virtually no statistical analyses of patient characteristics in the literature. Here, the authors studied a large patient cohort with these lesions to determine whether pre- or postoperative attributes could be used to aid in either diagnosis or prognosis.METHODSA chart review was completed at a single institution for the period from 2002 to 2016 to determine the preoperative characteristics and postoperative outcomes of 21 patients with exclusively intradural SACs. Patients were assessed for symptoms such as weakness, pain, sensory changes, bowel and/or bladder dysfunction, and gait changes. Postoperatively, patients were analyzed for symptom improvement, complication occurrence, and duration of follow-up.RESULTSApproximately two-thirds of the patients in this series had developed SACs idiopathically, and the mean duration of symptoms prior to diagnosis was 15 months among all patients. A slight majority (57%) underwent CT myelography in the course of diagnosis, and a quarter of the patients had a syrinx. There was a statistically significant association between location of the SAC and number of presenting signs and symptoms; that is, patients with cysts in the lumbosacral region had more symptoms than those with cysts at the cervical or thoracic levels (p = 0.031). Overall, outcomes were largely positive, with approximately 60%–70% of patients experiencing postoperative improvement in symptoms, with motor weakness showing the highest response rate (71%) and pain symptoms the least likely to subside (50%). In the cohort with preoperative pain, those who had undergone expansile duraplasty were significantly more likely to experience relief of their pain symptoms (p = 0.028), which may have been a result of the superior restoration of cerebrospinal fluid pathways allowing for more adequate reduction in compression.CONCLUSIONSIn this large case series on intradural SACs, new light has been shed on aspects of both pre- and postoperative care for patients with these rare lesions. Specifically, the authors revealed that lumbosacral intradural SACs may be associated with a higher disease burden and that patients who undergo expansile duraplasty may have an increased likelihood of experiencing postoperative pain relief.
Effects of combining high- and low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on upper limb hemiparesis in the early phase of stroke
Authors: Long Hua , Wang Hongbin , Zhao Chenguang , Duan Qiang , Feng Feng , Hui Nan , Mao Li , Liu Huiling , Mou Xiang , Yuan Hua 
Published: February 2018

Background: Both high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (HF-rTMS) and low-frequency rTMS (LF-rTMS) are reported to benefit upper limb motor function rehabilitation in patients with stroke. However, the efficacy of combining LF- and HF-rTMS (LF-HF rTMS) has not been adequately explored, especially in the early phase of stroke. Objective: To compare the effects of LF- and LF-HF rTMS on the upper limb motor function in the early phase post stroke. Methods: Sixty-two patients were randomly assigned to three groups: LF-rTMS group (1 Hz rTMS to the contralesional hemisphere), LF-HF rTMS group (1 Hz rTMS to the contralesional hemisphere followed by 10 Hz rTMS to the lesional hemisphere) and sham group. The patients received the same conventional rehabilitation accompanied with sessions of rTMS for 15 consecutive days. The upper limb motor function was evaluated using the Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) and the Wolf Motor Function Test (WMFT) before the first session, after the last session, and at 3 months after the last session. Results: All patients finished the study without any adverse reaction. Three groups exhibited improvement in terms of the FMA score and the log WMFT time at the end of the treatment and 3 months later. Better improvement was found in the LF-HF rTMS group than in the LF-rTMS and sham groups. Conclusion: The results indicated that both LF- and LF-HF rTMS were effective in promoting upper limb motor recovery in patients with acute stroke. Combining HF- and LF-rTMS protocol in the present study is tolerable and more beneficial for motor improvement than the unilateral use of LF-rTMS alone.