bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MEDICAL COST AND OUT-OF-POCKET EXPENDITURE FOR PRETERM INFANTS: EVIDENCE FROM VIETNAM
Authors: Nguyen Thi Binh An , Hoang Phuong Minh , Phan Phuc Huu , Eeuwijk Peter van , Fink Günther 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background

The large health costs associated with preterm births have been well documented in high income countries. Relatively little data on this issue is currently available from developing countries. The aim of this study was to assess private and public costs associated with preterm births in Vietnam.

Methods

This cross-sectional study used medical and financial data from one provincial and one national hospital in Vietnam. Cost data for all infants discharged from the two hospitals in 2017 was collected and analyzed.

Results

Average total medical cost per child was USD 1643.52 in the national hospital and USD 668.94 in the provincial hospital. Mean medical out-of-pocket expenditure was USD 60 at the national hospital. No medical out-of-pocket expenditure was reported at the provincial hospital when parents complied with national health insurance policies. Substantial out-of-pocket expenditure was incurred by those who bypassed lower-level facilities. Parents seeking care at specialized hospitals without medical authorization paid on average an additional USD 240, which equates to 111% of the average monthly wage in Vietnam.

Conclusions

This study suggests that the average medical costs of preterm infants in Vietnam are substantial. The average co-payment for families who complied with national health insurance policy was USD 39. The average out-of-pocket costs of preterm infants who bypassed lower-level facilities without referral authorization were about six times higher than those of infants who had a proper transfer.
GUCY2D Gene Loss-of-Function Mutations Responsible for Leber Congenital Amaurosis 1
Authors: Xue Feng , Wei Tianying , Sun Junhui , Luo Yuqin , Huo Yanan , Yu Ping , Chen Jiao , Wei Xiaoming , Qi Ming , Ye Yinghui 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background: Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA) is a group of severe congenital neurodegenerative diseases. Variants in guanylate cyclase 2D (GUCY2D), which encoded guanylate cyclase protein (ROS-GC1) associate with LCA1, accounting for 6–21% of all LCA cases.
Methods: In this study, one family with LCA1 was recruited from China. A combination of next-generation sequencing (NGS) and Sanger sequencing was used for disease-causing mutations screening. Additionally, immunohistochemistry and HPLC-coupled tandem mass-spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) were used to confirm the cellular location and catalytic activity of ROS-GC1 mutants, respectively.
Results: We found three novel mutations (c.139_139delC, c.835G>A and c.2783G>A) in GUCY2D gene. The results showed that mutation c.139_139delC results in a truncated protein and destroys the structure of ROS-GC1 protein. Mutations c.835G>A and c.2783G>A exert no effects on cellular location, whereas significantly reduce the catalytic activity of ROS-GC1.
Conclusions: Our findings highlight the clinical range of LCA. Moreover we used HPLC-MS/MS to analyze the concentration of 3', 5'-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), suggesting that HPLC-MS/MS can be an effective alternative method to evaluate the catalytic activity of wild type (wt) and mutant ROS-GC1.
A Survey on Mental Health Status and Related Factors among Cancer Patients in Iran
Authors: taheri masood , Afshari Mahnaz , alidoost saeede , Gorji Hassan Abolghasem , Rakhshan Amir 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background

Cancer is one of the most common non-communicable diseases and the second cause of death in Iran. The progress in medical technologies and treatment plans has caused the patients to live longer; however, these patients are confronted with psychological challenges and their mental health is influenced because of different reasons. This study is carried out to investigate the mental health status of the cancer patients in the Center for Specific Diseases.

Methods

The present research is a cross-sectional, descriptive, and analytic study carried out in 2018 in Tehran province, Iran. In the present study, the mental health of the cancer patients referring to the Center for Specific Diseases in Tehran was evaluated in one setting, and no intervention was provided. The research population included 124 cancer patients of Tehran referring to the Center for Specific Diseases.

Results

the overall prevalence of psychiatric disorders in patients under study was 50%. The highest sensitivity to mental disorders in each of the variables was related to men (52.7%), patients aging 40-55 (45.7%), married (51.5%), unemployed (62.5%), and illiterate patients (80%). The findings of this study indicated that there is no statistically significant relationship between the prevalence of psychiatric disorders among patients with cancer and the variables in the study.

Conclusions

The results of this study indicated a high prevalence of depression disorder among cancer patients. Psychosocial stresses caused by cancer cause mental disorders, including depression in patients.
miR-1269a promotes tumor growth and progression of liver cancer via regulating Rbms3/c-Myc axis
Authors: Li Yanfei , Zhou Yajie , Ma Linlin , Dai Zhensheng , Shen Junwei 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background: MicroRNAs play important roles in regulating liver cancer formation, progression and metastasis. miR-1269a, a cancer associated miRNA, its role in liver cancer is still unclear.
Methods: The clinical, survival and miR-1269a expression of both liver cancer and normal tissues were analyzed from the TCGA database. The effects of miR-1269a on liver cancer cells were investigated through cell counting kit-8 assay, Ki67 immunofluorescence staining and animal models (Balb/c nude mice). The interaction between miR-1269a and Rbms3 was investigated via luciferase reporter assay.
Results: Here, we showed that miR-1269a was highly expressed in primary patient tumor tissues using the TCGA database. miR-1269a inhibition through overexpressing its sponge in HepG2 and Hep3B cells significantly repressed cell proliferation, but had no effect on cell apoptosis and migration. Through directly targeting the 3’ untranslated region, miR-1269a inhibits Rbms3 expression. Rbms3 inhibition promoted the expression of c-Myc, resulting in the increased proliferation of liver cancer cells.
Conclusions: Our results reveal a novel miR-1269a/Rbms3/c-Myc axis, which plays a critical role in liver tumor growth and progression, and may serve as a promising biomarker for the early diagnosis of liver cancer, as well as a possible therapeutic target in liver cancer treatments.
Anais II COPB - II Congresso de Odontologia da Paraíba
Authors: Marinho Emiliano , Holanda Diógenes , Peixoto Larissa Rangel , Neves Gabriella de Vasconcelos , Santos Thayana Karla Guerra Lira dos 
Published: July 2019

EditorialCaro(a) Leitor(a)A odontologia passou a transcender os limites do clínico e consultório, o II Congresso de Odontologia da Paraíba nos trouxe novos ares de conhecimento e inovação, norteado em evidências e grandes nomes, que tanto engrandeceram nosso evento. Desta forma fizemos história nos tornando o maior do Nordeste, integramos a aproximação das diferentes especialidades odontológicas junto a sua inter-relação clara, concisa e fundamentada a diferentes abordagens, com uma nova proposta de congresso integrado. Esse é o COPB!Emiliano Marinho - PresidenteII COPB - II Congresso de Odontologia da Paraíba
Influence of Water Management and Nitrogen Application on Rice Root and Shoot Traits
Authors: Xu Guo‐wei , Song Ke‐jie , Lu Da‐Ke , Wang He‐Zheng , Chen Ming‐can 
Published: July 2019

Soil water potential and fertilizer nutrients are the two main factors affecting rice growth and development. A soil‐grown experiment was conducted using mid‐season japonica rice cultivar Xudao 3 with three different nitrogen (N) fertilization rates: (i) none, (ii) moderate nitrogen (240 kg ha–1), and (iii) high nitrogen (360 kg ha–1) and three irrigation regimes: (i) submerged irrigation (0 kPa), (ii) alternate wetting and moderate drying (–20 kPa), and (iii) alternate wetting and severe drying (–40 kPa). In the same N level, root length, root dry weight, root activity (represented by root‐bleeding sap), net photosynthetic rates at main growth stages, and ATPase activity during the grain‐filling stage are higher under the treatment of alternate wetting and moderate drying, when compared with those of submerged irrigation. Meanwhile, non‐structural carbohydrate (NSC) remobilization and shoot dry accumulation are also increased from heading to maturity, which contribute to higher grain yield and higher nitrogen‐use efficiency. In the same irrigation regime, root‐bleeding sap, NSC remobilization, and ATPase are increased significantly under the moderate‐N treatment compared with those of the high‐N treatment, which contribute to higher nitrogen‐use efficiency. However, no significant difference exists in grain yield and crop growth rate. These results indicate that the coordinated relationship between the root and shoot, especially increased root length, enhanced root‐bleeding sap, increased NSC remobilization, enhanced shoot dry accumulation, and ATPase activity during the grain‐filling stage, can promote rice yield and nitrogen‐use efficiency by using the appropriate nitrogen application and alternate wetting and moderate drying.Core IdeasRoot and shoot traits were significantly different in response to irrigation regime and nitrogen level treatment.Alternated wetting/moderate drying interacted with moderate N to coordinate the development of root and shoot.Deeper roots increased root‐bleeding sap, NSC remobilization from stems to grain, and activity of grain sink.Greater root length (via root‐shoot relationships) contribute to increased yield and enhanced N‐use efficiency.Alternated wetting/drying irrigation with moderate N promotes grain filling and increased yield and N‐use.
Analysis of Sugars and Fatty Acids during Haustorium Development and Seedling Growth of Coconut
Authors: Li Jing , Htwe Yin Min , Wang Yong , Yang Yaodong , Wu Yi , Li Dongxia , Kareem Abdul , Wang Rencai 
Published: July 2019

Haustorium absorbs energy from the endosperms (liquid and solid) and plays a key role in nutrient mobilization during coconut germination and seedling growth. This study was conducted to shed light on possible interactions between haustorium and endosperms during this process. Germination rates and morphological changes of coconut cultivars Hainan Tall (HT) and Red Dwarf (RD), as well as the profiles of sugars and fatty acids in endosperms and haustorium were also analyzed. Results showed that liquid and solid endosperm inside the coconut exhausts successively, while haustorium occupies the nut gradually. Haustorium had significant positive correlation with seedling, while it had significant negative correlation with liquid and solid endosperms. Sugars in liquid endosperm continuously decreased, whereas in solid endosperm and haustorium accumulated at early stages and decreased later along with the aggressive seedling growth. Fatty acids in solid endosperm shared a very similar trend with sugars. In conclusion, haustorium development and seedling growth mainly depend on the nutrients stored in the liquid endosperm at early stages and then depend on the solid endosperm, in which fatty acids degrade rapidly to sugar so as to provide enough energy. These findings could be applicable in coconut germination and seedling propagation.Core Ideas

Relative cool season (25–29°C) is more suitable for coconut germination and local variety (HT) is more adaptable.
Development mainly depends on stored nutrients in liquid endosperm at early stages and then on solid endosperm.
Fatty acids in solid endosperm degrade rapidly to sugars since liquid endosperm almost exhausted.
Conversion of fatty acids to sugars helps provide enough energy for rapidly growing haustorium and seedling.
Soil Microbial and Chemical Properties of a Minimum and Conventionally Tilled Wheat–Fallow System
Authors: Reardon Catherine L. , Wuest Stewart B. , Melle Caroline J. , Klein Ann M. , Williams John D. , Barroso Judit , Long Dan S. 
Published: July 2019

Tillage alters the soil environment and microbial communities responsible for decomposition and nutrient cycling. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of tillage intensity (minimum vs. conventional) on the soil chemical and microbial properties of a winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)–fallow rotation in the low‐precipitation zone of the Pacific Northwest. Soils collected for 2 yr at two depths from both crop phases (wheat and fallow) were analyzed for pH, nutrient availability, total C and N, fungal and bacterial gene abundance, and enzyme activity related to C, P, and N cycling. All soil variables excluding soil pH were significantly greater in the top 10 cm of the soil. Except for pH and nitrate, all were greater in 2016 than in 2017. Across the full rotation, tillage did not affect any measured parameter. Instead, crop phase influenced several soil chemical properties and arylamidase activity, although the effects were not consistent across depth. Fungal abundance was influenced by tillage intensity but only in the top depth under wheat, indicating a phase‐specific effect rather than a change persisting across the entire rotation. Soil enzymes were strongly related to total C, total N, and phosphate across the two soil depths, but effects were inconsistent between depths and across phases. Overall, crop phase and year were stronger drivers of soil chemical and microbial properties than tillage intensity. Short‐term (<4 yr) tillage intensification does not have a strong influence on the nutrient cycling capacity of soil, although fungal numbers may decline in the cropped phase.Core Ideas
Tillage intensification did not induce strong changes in soil properties.
Sample year and depth were significant factors impacting soil chemistry and biology.
Wheat‐cropped soil had more fungal DNA under minimum than conventional tillage.
Impacts of tillage were minor and limited to comparisons within each crop phase.
Factors Affecting Soil Total Mercury in Seasonal Pond Basins within a Northern Hardwood Forest in Minnesota, USA
Authors: Boche Mikayla J. , DeSutter Thomas M. , Kolka Randall K. 
Published: July 2019

Forest canopies are sites for mercury (Hg) deposition, and forests can act as Hg sources to downstream aquatic environments. This study examined soil total Hg (THg), carbon (C), and nitrogen (N) to 15 cm in 10 seasonal pond basins in a northern hardwood forest in Minnesota. Pools (mass per area) and concentrations (mass per soil mass) of THg to 15 cm were lower in uplands than in ponds, indicating downslope transport. In uplands, THg concentrations were the same at 0‐ to 2‐cm and 2‐ to 5‐cm depths and then decreased, whereas THg density (mass per volume) peaked at 2 to 5 cm, highlighting the importance of bulk density on mass. Carbon and N trends were similar to THg. Apart from pond centers, strong positive relationships between THg and C were observed. Upland slope length, graminoid cover, basin area, and tree height accounted for over half of THg variance at pond edge. Understanding the distribution, trends, and contributing factors of soil THg can further efforts toward immobilization and sequestration, thus minimizing the potential for bioaccumulation.Core IdeasTHg uniform among basins in uplands with pond centers variable by substrate.THg greatest at pond center and uniform among upland landscape positions.Positive THg relationships with C and N, except organic pond centers.Upland THg concentration peaked at 0 to 5 cm, with mass peaking at 2 to 5 cm.Fifty‐six percent of THg pool was explained by slope length, graminoid cover, basin area, and tree height.
Soil Hydraulic Properties Determined by Inverse Modeling of Drip Infiltrometer Experiments Extended with Pedotransfer Functions
Authors: Kotlar Ali Mehmandoost , Varvaris Ioannis , de Jong van Lier Quirijn , Wollesen de Jonge Lis , Møldrup Per , Iversen Bo V. 
Published: July 2019

Core Ideas
A robust PTF was developed to predict water contents at −1, −10, and −158 m tension.
Drip infiltrometer experiments were inversely modeled to predict soil hydraulic properties.
Both θ(h) and K(h) can be accurately estimated from experimental data together with PTFs.
A transient flow experiment using automated drip infiltrometers (ADIs) was performed on soil columns (about 6 dm3) large enough to incorporate macropore flow effects. We investigated to what extent the estimated soil hydraulic parameters obtained from inverse modeling of these experiments are reliable. A machine learning based pedotransfer function (PTF) for prediction of water content at −1, −10, and −158 m pressure head was developed. Sensitivity analysis of the van Genuchten parameters (residual and saturated water content θr and θs, fitting parameters α, n, and λ, and saturated hydraulic conductivity Ks) in soils of sandy, silty, and clayey textures showed that the temporal variation of pressure heads in ADI scenarios was not sensitive to θr and θs. The other parameters were accurately estimated from numerically synthesized data. The uniqueness of the estimated parameters did not change when a bias, representing experimental error, was added to the data set. In actual columns, using the temporal and spatial pressure head data from the ADIs and the water contents in the drier range predicted by the developed PTF resulted in a precise estimation of the van Genuchten parameters. Not including the PTF water contents resulted in non‐uniquely estimated van Genuchten parameters.
Chenmingite, FeCr2O4 in the CaFe2O4-type structure, a shock-induced, high-pressure mineral in the Tissint martian meteorite
Authors: Ma Chi , Tschauner Oliver , Beckett John R. , Liu Yang , Greenberg Eran , Prakapenka Vitali B. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractChenmingite (FeCr2O4; IMA 2017-036) is a high-pressure mineral, occurring as micrometer- to submicrometer-sized lamellae within precursor chromite grains along with xieite and Fe,Cr-rich ulvöspinel next to shock-induced melt pockets, from the Tissint martian meteorite. The composition of type chenmingite by electron probe analysis shows an empirical formula of (Fe2+0.75Mg0.23Mn0.02) (Cr1.60Al0.29Fe3+0.06Fe2+0.04Ti0.02)Σ2.01O4. The general and end-member formulas are (Fe,Mg)(Cr,Al)2O4 and FeCr2O4. Synchrotron X-ray diffraction reveals that chenmingite has an orthorhombic Pnma CaFe2O4-type (CF) structure with unit-cell dimensions: a = 9.715(6) Å, b = 2.87(1) Å, c = 9.49(7) Å, V = 264.6(4) Å3, and Z = 4. Both chenmingite and xieite formed by solid-state transformation of precursor chromite under high pressure and high temperature during the Tissint impact event on Mars. The xieite regions are always in contact with melt pockets, whereas chenmingite lamellae only occur within chromite, a few micrometers away from the melt pockets. This arrangement suggests that chenmingite formed under similar pressures as xieite but at lower temperatures, in agreement with experimental studies.
Investigating the Reading Preferences of Young Female Readers of Hausa Popular Prose Fiction: A Feminist Approach
Authors: Kiyawa Haruna Alkasim 
Published: July 2019

Reading the story of popular romance fiction is the most powerful social activities among women in the Western countries, Europe, Asia and Africa for their leisure and enjoyment. In this study an attempt has been made to understand the reading habits and preferences of the young adult female readers of Hausa popular romance fiction, the contemporary romance fiction are popular because it deals with unimaginable relationship between men and female, the novels help them to solve some issues on courtship, ineqality, domestic violence and social change. In this study a face to face interviews was employed to collect their views, feelings and understanding of 10 young female readers through the Rosenblatt’s Reader-response theory (1978). The data were analyzed using the constant comparative method. The findings of the study indicated four main outcomes which revealed the major motivating factors which includes; (i ) image of flashy car appeared at the cover page (ii) image of beautiful flowers, (iii) image of golden ring (iv) Heart images, this images played a significant role for encouraging the readers to select a novel and read the story enjoy the freedom from breaking free of gender constraints through those stories consider it as part of their lives.
Pronunciation Of The English Voiceless Postalveolar Affricate /tʃ/ In Yemeni EFL Learners’ Production
Authors: Khamis Najah Ahmad , Jupri Rohaiza 
Published: July 2019

<p>Achieving a near-native speaker’s pronunciation is so essential for EFL learners. However, many factors contribute to the challenges faced by EFL learners, mainly due to the difference in the sound system of English Language and that of their first language. For this reason, Arab learners of English Language may mispronounce some English sounds. This paper analyzed one of the few problematic sounds to the Arab Yemeni EFL learners - the pronunciation of the English voiceless postalveolar affricate /ʧ/. The study which has a quantitative case study design uses four Yemeni EFL postgraduate students as its participants. The participants’ pronunciations of /tʃ/ sound in the initial, middle and final word-positions were analyzed using Praat phonetic software. The findings of the study showed that Yemeni EFL learners have difficulties in producing the /tʃ/ sound, especially in the initial and final positions, and deaffrication of /tʃ/ occurred in the pronunciation of the four participants. The current study is expected to be of value, particularly for EFL learners, teachers, as well as material writers.</p><p> </p>
Appraisal in Bilingual Tourism Information Media: Developing an SFL-Based Translation Model
Authors: Suryaningtyas Valentina Widya , Nugroho Raden Arief , Cahyono Setyo Prasiyanto , Nababan Mangatur Rudolf , Santosa Riyadi 
Published: July 2019

<em>Tourism information media is aimed at giving positive image of Indonesian tourism to international tourists. In linguistics, especially in systemic functional linguistics, herewith SFL, the attempt to create positive or negative image of a text is studied through appraisal theory. It deals with how the authors position themselves and how the readers are positioned in the text. However, when dealing with bilingual texts, the meaning shift is highly likely because the translation of the source language may not have the same appraisal features, i.e. attitude, engagement, and graduation. Therefore, an SFL-based translation model is needed to accommodate this issue. As far as the authors observe, there is no SFL-based translation model accommodating tourism texts (Nugroho, Septemuryantoro, and Lewa, 2017). The purpose of this paper is to develop an SFL-based translation model by intertwining appraisal theory (Martin and Rose, 2013), translation techniques (Molina and Albir, 2002), and translation quality assessment (Nababan et al, 2012). By applying critical literature review, the authors analyzed the application of these theories in sample data taken from four information media, namely brochure, booklet, website, and book. Furthermore, by using Flesch readability test, the authors were able to select some parts of the media which are considered “hard to read”. The result of this study reveals that there is a minimum shift of appraisal features found in the bilingual tourism media. It happens because the translators mostly employ established equivalent technique to translate the texts. However, the positive result mentioned previously does not go hand in hand with the quality of the translation. Therefore, to bridge the outcome between the appraisal features of source and target languages reflected through the use of translation techniques and the assessment result of their translation quality, the authors need to generate a holistic SFL-based translation model. </em>