bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH EKSTRAK KELAKAI (Stenochlaena palustris (Burm.f) Bedd) TERHADAP KADAR INTERLEUKIN-10 (IL-10) MENCIT
Authors: Margono Denny , Suhartono Eko , Arwati Heny 
Published: October 2018

Abstract : Interleukin-10 as pro-inflammatory cytokines have a role to protect the damage of severe malaria. Kelakai contain bioactive compounds that have anti-inflammatory activity. The purpose of this study was to determine the potential of the extract kelakai on levels of IL-10 in mice BALB / s infected by P. berghei ANKA. This study is true experimental studies with posttest-only with Control Group Design. The treatment group was divided into 8 groups. Two groups received kelakai extract per oral 10 mg/kgBW and 100 mg/kgBW. Four groups received kelakai extract per oral 10 mg/kgBW and 100 mg/kgBW 3 hours after infection and when the parasitaemia reaches 15-20%. Negative controls do not receive the extract kelakai and parasitic infections. Positive controls get a parasitic infection. Treatment was given for 4 days. Blood samples were taken 24 hours after the last treatment. Levels of IL-10 were measured by sandwich ELISA method. Data were analyzed with Games Howell test, with a confidence level of 95%. There were no significant differences between treatment groups. Extract kelakai Giving oral dose of 10 mg/KgBW and 100 mg/KgBW not significantly increase the levels of interleukin-10.
Keywords: Stenochlaena palustris (Burm.f) bedd; Interleukin-10

Abstrak : Interleukin-10 sebagai Sitokin pro-inflamasi memiliki peran melindungi kerusakan pada malaria berat. Kelakai mengandung senyawa bioaktif yang mempunyai aktifitas anti-inflamasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui potensi ekstrak kelakai terhadap kadar IL-10 pada mencit BALB/s yang diinfeksi P. berghei ANKA. Penelitian ini merupakan studi eksperimental murni dengan Posttest-only with Control Group Design. Kelompok perlakuan dibagi menjadi 8 kelompok. Dua kelompok mendapat ekstrak kelakai per oral 10 mg/kg berat badan dan 100 mg/kg berat badan. Empat kelompok mendapat ekstrak kelakai per oral 10 mg/kg berat badan dan 100 mg/kg berat badan 3 jam setelah infeksi dan pada saat parasitemia mencapai 15-20%. Kontrol negatif tidak mendapat ekstrak kelakai dan infeksi parasit. Kontrol positif mendapat infeksi parasit. Perlakuan diberikan selama 4 hari. Sampel darah diambil 24 jam setelah perlakuan terakhir. Kadar Il-10 diukur dengan ELISA metode sandwich. Data dianalisa dengan tes Games Howell, dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95%. Tidak didapatkan perbedaan bermakna antar kelompok perlakuan. Pemberian Ekstrak kelakai secara oral dosis 10 mg/Kg berat badan dan 100 mg/Kg berat badan tidak signifikan meningkatkan kadar Interleukin-10.
Kata-kata Kunci : Stenochlaena palustris (Burm.f) Bedd; Interleukin-10
Mobilisations Sociales à Astrakhan
Authors: Clément Karine 
Published: October 2018

Résumé	Dans cet article, l’auteur, s’appuyant sur une approche ethnographique du politique, traque les traces d’une éventuelle politisation dans les mobilisations sociales de petite échelle inscrites dans les problèmes du quotidien telles qu’elles se présentent dans la ville russe d’Astrakhan. S’inspirant de la sociologie pragmatiste qui réévalue le pragmatisme, et au travers de l’analyse de certains déplacements de mobilisations du proche vers le public et le politique, l’auteur montre comment une politisation peut se produire dans l’attachement au quotidien et les actions menées en commun pour améliorer ce quotidien. Afin de comprendre les logiques de politisation des profanes en politique, l’article conclut sur la nécessité de réévaluer les résistances quotidiennes ou les mobilisations pragmatiques et d’y suivre les possibles cheminements d’une politisation terre à terre, riche d’enseignements théoriques et pratiques.
Relationship of Multiple Attempts on an Admissions Examination to Early Program Performance
Authors: Dunham Michelle , MacInnes Joshua 
Published: October 2018

Background:
When a student makes multiple attempts at an admissions assessment, an institution must decide how to incorporate the resulting information into its admissions decision. However, little research exists to guide this decision within a nursing admissions context.

Method:
This article examines patterns in retesting scores from a nursing admissions assessment and the correlations of four retesting score treatments with scores on an early program assessment.

Results:
Although test scores do increase with each subsequent attempt, the average of all attempt scores is more highly correlated, in almost all instances, with future performance in a nursing program than any one test score.

Conclusion:

These results indicate that nursing programs presented with multiple scores from an examinee would be best served by using an average of all available scores when making admissions decisions. [
J Nurs Educ.
2018;57(10):578–583.]
Clinical Research Nursing: Awareness and Understanding Among Baccalaureate Nursing Students
Authors: Alsleben Aaron R. , Alexander Jeffrey L. , Matthews Eric P. 
Published: October 2018

Background:The American Nurses Association recognizes the specialty practice of Clinical Research Nursing, but many new nurses are unaware of the specialty and lack knowledge to effectively interact with research teams.Method:Participants completed a novel online survey to describe the level of awareness and understanding of the clinical research nursing specialty and the effect of clinical studies on nursing practice in fourth-year baccalaureate nursing program students.Results:Ninety-three participants completed the survey. Most were aware that some nurses specialize in the care of clinical study participants, and most did not know how to effectively support research teams. Years of nursing experience was associated with an understanding of how to effectively collaborate with clinical research nurses and an interest in a career as a clinical research nurse.Conclusion:Entry-level nursing programs should expose students to the clinical research nurse role and provide the knowledge needed to collaborate with researchers when caring for patients in clinical studies. [J Nurs Educ.2018;57(10):598–603.]
Using Simulation to Teach Telehealth Nursing Competencies
Authors: Smith Tedra S. , Watts Penni , Moss Jacqueline A. 
Published: October 2018

Background:
The use of telehealth to provide care to millions of patients who have difficulty accessing care through traditional means is growing exponentially. Nurse educators must prepare students to meet the challenge of managing this mode of care delivery.

Method:

A simulated telehealth experience was designed using the International Nursing Association for Clinical Simulation and Learning
Standards of Best Practice: Simulation
™
, student learning objectives, and telehealth competencies. The design promoted active participation in a telehealth visit with a standardized patient.

Results:
The simulation provided students with the opportunity to demonstrate use of telehealth equipment and become familiar with telehealth competencies. This hands-on experience increased student engagement related to telehealth as a health care delivery option and was an effective objective structured clinical examination.

Conclusion:

Integration of telehealth into the nursing curriculum is a necessity as health care technology advances. Simulation is one strategy available to expose students to telehealth and increase student engagement. [
J Nurs Educ.
2018;57(10):624–627.]
La captivité en Allemagne des soldats juifs de France pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale : l’ébauche d’un phénomène diasporique éphémère ?
Authors: Richard Delphine 
Published: October 2018

Parmi les prisonniers de guerre de France détenus en Allemagne de 1940 à 1945 se trouvaient environ 13 000 soldats juifs. Si leur statut de prisonnier de guerre les plaçait aux marges de la Shoah, leur judéité tendait à les singulariser au sein du monde captif, où ils subirent antisémitisme et discriminations. Cette problématique identitaire et ce destin commun tendirent à rassembler ces Juifs au sein de chaque camp militaire, et furent l’occasion de l’éclosion de formes communautaires éphémères aux traits diasporiques.
Seasonal ozone vertical profiles over North America using the AQMEII3 group of air quality models: model inter-comparison and stratospheric intrusions
Authors: Astitha Marina , Kioutsioukis Ioannis , Fisseha Ghezae Araya , Bianconi Roberto , Bieser Johannes , Christensen Jesper H. , Cooper Owen R. , Galmarini Stefano , Hogrefe Christian , Im Ulas , Johnson Bryan , Liu Peng , Nopmongcol Uarporn , Petropavlovskikh Irina , Solazzo Efisio , Tarasick David W. , Yarwood Greg 
Published: October 2018

Abstract. This study evaluates simulated vertical ozone profiles produced in the
framework of the third phase of the Air Quality Model Evaluation
International Initiative (AQMEII3) against ozonesonde observations in North
America for the year 2010. Four research groups from the United States (US)
and Europe have provided modeled ozone vertical profiles to conduct this
analysis. Because some of the modeling systems differ in their meteorological
drivers, wind speed and temperature are also included in the analysis. In
addition to the seasonal ozone profile evaluation for 2010, we also analyze
chemically inert tracers designed to track the influence of lateral boundary
conditions on simulated ozone profiles within the modeling domain. Finally,
cases of stratospheric ozone intrusions during May–June 2010 are investigated
by analyzing ozonesonde measurements and the corresponding model simulations
at Intercontinental Chemical Transport Experiment Ozonesonde Network Study
(IONS) experiment sites in the western United States. The evaluation of the
seasonal ozone profiles reveals that, at a majority of the stations, ozone
mixing ratios are underestimated in the 1–6 km range. The seasonal change
noted in the errors follows the one seen in the variance of ozone mixing
ratios, with the majority of the models exhibiting less variability than the
observations. The analysis of chemically inert tracers highlights the
importance of lateral boundary conditions up to 250 hPa for the
lower-tropospheric ozone mixing ratios (0–2 km). Finally, for the stratospheric
intrusions, the models are generally able to reproduce the location and
timing of most intrusions but underestimate the magnitude of the maximum
mixing ratios in the 2–6 km range and overestimate ozone up to the first kilometer
possibly due to marine air influences that are not accurately described by
the models. The choice of meteorological driver appears to be a greater
predictor of model skill in this altitude range than the choice of air
quality model.
Daytime HONO, NO2 and aerosol distributions from MAX-DOAS observations in Melbourne
Authors: Ryan Robert G. , Rhodes Steve , Tully Matthew , Wilson Stephen , Jones Nicholas , Frieß Udo , Schofield Robyn 
Published: October 2018

Abstract. Toxic nitrogen oxides produced by high temperature combustion are prevalent in urban environments, contributing to a significant health burden. Nitrogen oxides such as NO2 and HONO in pollution are important for hydroxyl radical (OH) production and overall oxidative capacity in urban environments; however, current mechanisms cannot explain high daytime levels of HONO observed in many urban and rural locations around the world. Here we present HONO, NO2 and aerosol extinction vertical distributions retrieved from multi-axis differential optical absorption spectroscopy (MAX-DOAS) measurements in suburban Melbourne, which are the first MAX-DOAS results from the Australian continent. Using the optimal estimation algorithm HEIPRO we show that vertical profiles for NO2 and HONO can be calculated with a low dependence on the retrieval forward model and a priori parameters, despite a lack of independent co-located aerosol or trace gas measurements. Between December 2016 and April 2017 average peak NO2 values of 8±2 ppb indicated moderate traffic pollution levels, and high daytime peak values of HONO were frequently detected, averaging 220±30 ppt in the middle of the day. HONO levels measured in Melbourne were typically lower than those recorded in the morning in other places around the world, indicating minimal overnight accumulation, but peaked in the middle of the day to be commensurate with midday concentrations in locations with much higher NO2 pollution. Regular midday peaks in the diurnal cycle of HONO surface concentrations have only previously been reported in rural locations. The HONO measured implies a daytime source term 1 ppb h−1 above the predicted photostationary state (PSS) concentration and represents an OH radical source up to 4 times stronger than from ozone photolysis alone in the lowest 500 m of the troposphere. The dependence of the high midday HONO levels on soil moisture, combined with the observed diurnal and vertical profiles, provides evidence for a strong photoactivated and ground-based daytime HONO source.
Composition of ice particle residuals in mixed-phase clouds at Jungfraujoch (Switzerland): enrichment and depletion of particle groups relative to total aerosol
Authors: Eriksen Hammer Stine , Mertes Stephan , Schneider Johannes , Ebert Martin , Kandler Konrad , Weinbruch Stephan 
Published: October 2018

Abstract. Ice particle residuals (IRs) and the total aerosol particle population were
sampled in parallel during mixed-phase cloud events at the high-altitude
research station Jungfraujoch in January–February 2017. Particles were
sampled behind an ice-selective counterflow impactor (Ice-CVI) for IRs and a
heated total inlet for the total aerosol particles. A dilution set-up was
used to collect total particles with the same sampling duration as for IRs to
prevent overloading of the substrates. About 4000 particles from 10 Ice-CVI
samples (from 7 days of cloud events at temperatures at the site between
−10 and −18 ∘C) were analysed and classified with
operator-controlled scanning electron microscopy. Contamination particles
(identified by their chemical composition), most likely originating from
abrasion in the Ice-CVI and collection of secondary ice, were excluded from
further analysis. Approximately 3000 total aerosol particles (IRs and
interstitial particles) from 5 days in clouds were also analysed. Enrichment
and depletion of the different particle groups (within the IR fraction
relative to the total aerosol reservoir) are presented as an odds ratio
relative to alumosilicate (particles only
consisting of Al, Si, and O), which was chosen as reference due to the large
enrichment of this group relative to total aerosol and the relatively high
number concentration of this group in both total aerosol and the IR samples.
Complex secondary particles and soot are the major particle groups in the
total aerosol samples but are not found in the IR fraction and are hence
strongly depleted. C-rich particles (most likely organic particles) showed a
smaller enrichment compared to aluminosilicates by a factor of ∼20. The
particle groups with enrichment similar to aluminosilicate are silica, Fe
aluminosilicates, Ca-rich particles, Ca sulfates, sea-salt-containing
particles, and metal/metal oxide. Other aluminosilicates – consisting of
variable amounts of Na, K, Ca, Si, Al, O, Ti, and Fe – are somewhat more
enriched (factor ∼2) and Pb-rich particles are more (factor ∼8)
enriched than aluminosilicates. None of the sampled IR groups showed a temperature or
size dependence in respect to ice activity, which might be due to the limited
sampling temperature interval and the similar size of the particles.
Footprint plots and wind roses could explain the different total aerosol
composition in one sample (carbonaceous particle emission from the
urban/industrial area of Po Valley), but this did not affect the IR
composition. Taking into account the relative abundance of the particle
groups in total aerosol and the ice nucleation ability, we found that silica,
aluminosilicates, and other aluminosilicates were the most important ice particle
residuals at Jungfraujoch during the mixed-phase cloud events in winter 2017.
Reactive quenching of electronically excited NO2∗ and NO3∗ by H2O as potential sources of atmospheric HOx radicals
Authors: Dillon Terry J. , Crowley John N. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract. Pulsed
laser excitation of NO2 (532–647 nm) or NO3
(623–662 nm) in the presence of H2O was used to initiate the
gas-phase reaction NO2∗+H2O → products
(Reaction R5) and NO3∗+H2O → products
(Reaction R12). No evidence for OH production in Reactions (R5) or
(R12) was observed
and upper limits for OH production of k5b/k5<1×10-5 and
k12b/k12<0.03 were assigned. The upper limit for k5b∕k5
renders this reaction insignificant as a source of OH in the atmosphere and
extends the studies (Crowley and Carl, 1997; Carr et al., 2009; Amedro et
al., 2011) which demonstrate that the previously reported large OH yield by
Li et al. (2008) was erroneous. The upper limit obtained for k12b∕k12 indicates that non-reactive energy transfer is the dominant mechanism
for Reaction (R12), though
generation of small but significant amounts of atmospheric
HOx and HONO cannot be ruled out. In the course of this
work, rate coefficients for overall removal of NO3∗ by
N2 (Reaction R10) and by H2O (Reaction R12) were
determined: k10=(2.1±0.1)×10-11 cm3 molecule−1 s−1 and k12=(1.6±0.3)×10-10 cm3 molecule−1 s−1. Our value of
k12 is more than a factor of 4 smaller than the single previously
reported value.
Molecular and physical characteristics of aerosol at a remote free troposphere site: implications for atmospheric aging
Authors: Schum Simeon K. , Zhang Bo , Džepina Katja , Fialho Paulo , Mazzoleni Claudio , Mazzoleni Lynn R. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract. Aerosol
properties are transformed by atmospheric processes during long-range
transport and play a key role in the Earth's radiative balance. To understand
the molecular and physical characteristics of free tropospheric aerosol, we
studied samples collected at the Pico Mountain Observatory in the North
Atlantic. The observatory is located in the marine free troposphere at
2225 m above sea level, on Pico Island in the Azores archipelago. The site
is ideal for the study of long-range-transported free tropospheric aerosol
with minimal local influence. Three aerosol samples with elevated organic
carbon concentrations were selected for detailed analysis. FLEXPART
retroplumes indicated that two of the samples were influenced by North
American wildfire emissions transported in the free troposphere and one by
North American outflow mainly transported within the marine boundary layer.
Ultrahigh-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass
spectrometry was used to determine the detailed molecular composition of the
samples. Thousands of molecular formulas were assigned to each of the
individual samples. On average ∼60 % of the molecular formulas
contained only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms (CHO), ∼30 %
contained nitrogen (CHNO), and ∼10 % contained sulfur (CHOS). The
molecular formula compositions of the two wildfire-influenced aerosol
samples transported mainly in the free troposphere had relatively low average
O∕C ratios (0.48±0.13 and 0.45±0.11) despite the 7–10
days of transport time according to FLEXPART. In contrast, the molecular
composition of the North American outflow transported mainly in the boundary
layer had a higher average O∕C ratio (0.57±0.17) with 3 days of
transport time. To better understand the difference between free tropospheric
transport and boundary layer transport, the meteorological conditions along
the FLEXPART simulated transport pathways were extracted from the Global
Forecast System analysis for the model grids. We used the extracted
meteorological conditions and the observed molecular chemistry to predict the
relative-humidity-dependent glass transition temperatures (Tg) of
the aerosol components. Comparisons of the Tg to the ambient
temperature indicated that a majority of the organic aerosol components
transported in the free troposphere were more viscous and therefore less
susceptible to oxidation than the organic aerosol components transported in
the boundary layer. Although the number of observations is limited, the
results suggest that biomass burning organic aerosol injected into the free
troposphere is more persistent than organic aerosol in the boundary layer
having broader implications for aerosol aging.
“Yes, the Whole Approach Is Questionable, Yes, False”: Phenomenology and the New Realism
Authors: Coate Matthew 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT
The recent turn to realism in Continental philosophy leaves phenomenology in a precarious position, for it appears that we commit ourselves to a sort of idealism whenever we employ the phenomenological method. I will argue in this article, however, that this appearance is deceptive and that, instead, phenomenology provides support not just for realism but for a position I will call the “new realism,” which not only affirms the reality of conditioned, spatiotemporal beings but denies the existence of any type of eternal or unchanging being in which they would ostensibly find their unconditioned condition or source.
Clinical Practice Guidelines in Action: Differences in Femoral Neck Fracture Management by Trauma and Arthroplasty Training
Authors: Stambough Jeffrey B. , Nunley Ryan M. , Spraggs-Hughes Amanda G. , Gardner Michael J. , Ricci William M. , McAndrew Christopher M. 
Published: October 2018

Introduction:
The purpose of this study was to survey trauma and arthroplasty surgeons to investigate associations between subspecialty training and management of geriatric femoral neck fractures and to compare treatments with the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons clinical practice guidelines.

Methods:
Five hundred fifty-six surgeons completed the online survey consisting of two sections: (1) surgeon demographics and (2) two geriatric hip fracture cases with questions regarding treatment decisions.

Results:
In both clinical scenarios, arthroplasty surgeons were more likely than trauma surgeons to recommend total hip arthroplasty (THA) (case 1: 96% versus 84%; case 2: 29% versus 10%; P ≤ 0.02) and spinal anesthesia (case 1: 70% versus 40%; case 2: 62% versus 38%; P < 0.01). Surgeons who have made changes based on clinical practice guidelines (n = 96; 21% of surveyed) cited more use of THA (n = 56; 58% of respondents) and cemented stems (n = 28; 29% of respondents).

Conclusion:
Arthroplasty surgeons are more likely to recommend THA over hemiarthroplasty and have a higher expectation for spinal anesthesia for the management of geriatric femoral neck fractures.
Law and Economics’ Responses to the Threat of Its Initial Success
Authors: Mascini Peter 
Published: October 2018

Law and Economics’ Responses to the Threat of Its Initial Success
This paper starts by reviewing empirical research that threatens law and economics’ initial success. This research has demonstrated that the functioning of the law cannot be well understood based on the assumption of the rational actor and that policies which are based on this assumption are likely to be flawed. Subsequently, three responses to this criticism are discussed. Whereas the first response denounces this criticism by maintaining that the limitations attributed to the rational actor can easily be incorporated in rational choice theory, the second response welcomes the criticism as an opportunity to come up with an integrative theory of law and behavior. The third response also takes the criticism seriously but replaces the aspiration to come up with such an integrative theory by a context-sensitive approach. It will be argued that the first two responses fall short while the third response offers a promising way to go forward.