bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
First User Experiences With a Novel Touchscreen-Based Insulin Pump System in Daily Life of Patients With Type 1 Diabetes Experienced in Insulin Pump Therapy
Authors: Waldenmaier Delia , Zschornack Eva , Kalt Lucas , Buhr Andreas , Pleus Stefan , Haug Cornelia , Freckmann Guido 
Published: July 2018

Introduction: A new insulin pump system was tested under everyday conditions for user evaluation and safety assessment prior to its launch in Europe. This insulin pump is focused on easy handling and uses prefilled cartridges. Methods: The pump system was used by 35 adult subjects with type 1 diabetes, experienced in insulin pump therapy, under everyday conditions for approximately one month each. All subjects rated various aspects of the system after home use; technical issues and safety parameters were assessed throughout the study. Results: All 35 subjects completed the study as planned and used the system for a total of 1013 days. After home use, 74% of the subjects were very satisfied or quite satisfied with the new pump. The subjects confirmed that the system is easy to use, especially considering general handling, bolus delivery and basal rate settings, infusion set, and cartridge change. Potential for improvements was seen in the touchscreen, warnings and alarms, the blind bolus function, the availability of a bolus calculator (was not available at time of study), and the cartridge size as rated by the study participants. Safety analysis did not raise any concerns for the use of this system. Conclusion: The majority of the users testing the system were satisfied with the novel insulin pump system and the system was safe for use under everyday conditions by this study population.
Artificial Pancreas: Clinical Study in Latin America Without Premeal Insulin Boluses
Authors: Sánchez-Peña Ricardo , Colmegna Patricio , Garelli Fabricio , De Battista Hernán , García-Violini Demián , Moscoso-Vásquez Marcela , Rosales Nicolás , Fushimi Emilia , Campos-Náñez Enrique , Breton Marc , Beruto Valeria , Scibona Paula , Rodriguez Cintia , Giunta Javier , Simonovich Ventura , Belloso Waldo H. , Cherñavvsky Daniel , Grosembacher Luis 
Published: July 2018

Background: Emerging therapies such as closed-loop (CL) glucose control, also known as artificial pancreas (AP) systems, have shown significant improvement in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) management. However, demanding patient intervention is still required, particularly at meal times. To reduce treatment burden, the automatic regulation of glucose (ARG) algorithm mitigates postprandial glucose excursions without feedforward insulin boluses. This work assesses feasibility of this new strategy in a clinical trial. Methods: A 36-hour pilot study was performed on five T1DM subjects to validate the ARG algorithm. Subjects wore a subcutaneous continuous glucose monitor (CGM) and an insulin pump. Insulin delivery was solely commanded by the ARG algorithm, without premeal insulin boluses. This was the first clinical trial in Latin America to validate an AP controller. Results: For the total 36-hour period, results were as follows: average time of CGM readings in range 70-250 mg/dl: 88.6%, in range 70-180 mg/dl: 74.7%, <70 mg/dl: 5.8%, and <50 mg/dl: 0.8%. Results improved analyzing the final 15-hour period of this trial. In that case, the time spent in range was 70-250 mg/dl: 94.7%, in range 70-180 mg/dl: 82.6%, <70 mg/dl: 4.1%, and <50 mg/dl: 0.2%. During the last night the time spent in range was 70-250 mg/dl: 95%, in range 70-180 mg/dl: 87.7%, <70 mg/dl: 5.0%, and <50 mg/dl: 0.0%. No severe hypoglycemia occurred. No serious adverse events were reported. Conclusions: The ARG algorithm was successfully validated in a pilot clinical trial, encouraging further tests with a larger number of patients and in outpatient settings.
Interpretation of Retrospective BG Measurements
Authors: Stewart Kent W. , Pretty Christopher G. , Shaw Geoffrey M. , Chase J. Geoffrey 
Published: July 2018

Background: This study investigates blood glucose (BG) measurement interpolation techniques to represent intermediate BG dynamics, and the effect resampling of retrospective BG data has on key glycemic control (GC) performance results. GC protocols in the ICU have varying BG measurement intervals ranging from 0.5 to 4 hours. Sparse data pose problems, particularly in comparing GC performance or model fitting, and thus interpolation is required. Methods: Retrospective data from SPRINT in Christchurch Hospital Intensive Care Unit (ICU) (2005-2007) were used to analyze several interpolation techniques. Piecewise linear, spline, and cubic interpolation functions, which force interpolation through measured data, as well as 1st and 2nd Order B-spline basis functions, are used to identify the interpolated trace. Dense data were thinned to increase sparsity and obtain measurements (Hidden Measurements) for comparison after interpolation. Performance is assessed based on error in capturing hidden measurements. Finally, the effect of minutely versus hourly sampling of the interpolated trace on key GC performance statistics was investigated using retrospective data received from STAR GC in Christchurch Hospital ICU, New Zealand (2011-2015). Results: All of the piecewise functions performed considerably better than the fitted interpolation functions. Linear piecewise interpolation performed the best having a mean RMSE 0.39 mmol/L, within 2 standard deviations of the BG sensor error. Minutely sampled BG resulted in significantly different key GC performance values when compared to raw sparse BG measurements. Conclusion: Linear piecewise interpolation provides the best estimate of intermediate BG dynamics and all analyses comparing GC protocol performance should use minutely linearly interpolated BG data.
Nondestructive Assessment of Articular Cartilage Electromechanical Properties after Osteochondral Autologous and Allogeneic Transplantation in a Goat Model
Authors: Mickevicius Tomas , Pockevicius Alius , Kucinskas Audrius , Gudas Rimtautas , Maciulaitis Justinas , Usas Arvydas 
Published: July 2018

Objective To determine the applicability of a minimally invasive diagnostic device to evaluate the quality of articular cartilage following autologous (OAT) and allogeneic (OCA) osteochondral graft transplantation in goat model. Design OAT grafts were harvested from lateral femoral condyles (LFCs) and transplanted into osteochondral defects created in medial femoral condyles (MFCs) of contralateral knees. OCA grafts were transplanted into MFC condyles after in vitro storage. Autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) was administered intraarticularly after the surgery and at 1 and 2 months postoperatively. OAT and OCA grafts were evaluated macroscopically (Oswestry arthroscopy score [OAS]), electromechanically (quantitative parameter, QP), and histologically (O’Driscoll score, safranin O staining intensity) at 3 and 6 months after transplantation. Results were compared with preoperative graft evaluation. Results Transplanted cartilage deteriorated within 6 months in all groups. Cartilage quality was better retained in OAT group compared with a decline in OCA group. QP and OAS scores were comparable in OAT and OCA groups at 3 months, but superior in OAT group at 6 months, according to all the methods applied. PRP injections significantly improved QP and OAS score at 6 months compared with 3 months in OAT group. QP moderately correlated with OAS, O’Driscoll score, and safranin O staining intensity. Conclusions Grafts did not retain preoperative quality parameters at 6 months follow-up; however, OAT were superior to OCA grafts. PRP may have a beneficial effect on macroscopic and electromechanical properties of cartilage; however, histological improvement is yet to be proved. Electromechanical diagnostic device enables reliable assessment of transplanted cartilage.
A systematic review of how patients value COPD outcomes
Authors: Zhang Yuan , Morgan Rebecca L. , Alonso-Coello Pablo , Wiercioch Wojtek , Bała Małgorzata M. , Jaeschke Rafał R. , Styczeń Krzysztof , Pardo-Hernandez Hector , Selva Anna , Ara Begum Housne , Morgano Gian Paolo , Waligóra Marcin , Agarwal Arnav , Ventresca Matthew , Strzebońska Karolina , Wasylewski Mateusz T. , Blanco-Silvente Lídia , Kerth Janna-Lina , Wang Mengxiao , Zhang Yuqing , Narsingam Saiprasad , Fei Yutong , Guyatt Gordon , Schünemann Holger J. 
Published: July 2018

Our objective was to summarise systematically all research evidence related to how patients value outcomes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).We conducted a systematic review (systematic review registration number CRD42015015206) by searching PubMed, Embase, PsycInfo and CINAHL, and included reports that assessed the relative importance of outcomes from COPD patients' perspective. Two authors independently determined the eligibility of studies, abstracted the eligible studies and assessed risk of bias. We narratively summarised eligible studies, meta-analysed utilities for individual outcomes and assessed the certainty of evidence using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations approach.We included 217 quantitative studies. Investigators most commonly used utility measurements of outcomes (n=136), discrete choice exercises (n=13), probability trade-off (n=4) and forced choice techniques (n=46). Patients rated adverse events as important but on average, less so than symptom relief. Exacerbation and hospitalisation due to exacerbation are the outcomes that COPD patients rate as most important. This systematic review provides a comprehensive registry of related studies.
Mechanoregulation and pathology of YAP/TAZ via Hippo and non‐Hippo mechanisms
Authors: Dobrokhotov Oleg , Samsonov Mikhail , Sokabe Masahiro , Hirata Hiroaki 
Published: July 2018

AbstractYes‐associated protein (YAP) and its paralog WW domain containing transcription regulator 1 (TAZ) are important regulators of multiple cellular functions such as proliferation, differentiation, and survival. On the tissue level, YAP/TAZ are essential for embryonic development, organ size control and regeneration, while their deregulation leads to carcinogenesis or other diseases. As an underlying principle for YAP/TAZ‐mediated regulation of biological functions, a growing body of research reveals that YAP/TAZ play a central role in delivering information of mechanical environments surrounding cells to the nucleus transcriptional machinery. In this review, we discuss mechanical cue‐dependent regulatory mechanisms for YAP/TAZ functions, as well as their clinical significance in cancer progression and treatment.
A demographic dividend of the FP2020 Initiative and the SDG reproductive health target: Case studies of India and Nigeria
Authors: Li Qingfeng , Rimon Jose G. 
Published: July 2018

Background: The demographic dividend, defined as the economic growth potential resulting from favorable shifts in population age structure following rapid fertility decline, has been widely employed to advocate improving access to family planning. The current framework focuses on the long-term potential, while the short-term benefits may also help persuade policy makers to invest in family planning. Methods: We estimate the short- and medium-term economic benefits from two major family planning goals: the Family Planning 2020 (FP2020)’s goal of adding 120 million modern contraceptive users by 2020; Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) 3.7 of ensuring universal access to family planning by 2030. We apply the cohort component method to World Population Prospects and National Transfer Accounts data. India and Nigeria, respectively the most populous Asian and African country under the FP2020 initiative, are used as case studies. Results: Meeting the FP2020 target implies that on average, the number of children that need to be supported by every 100 working-age people would decrease by 8 persons in India and 11 persons in Nigeria in 2020; the associated reduction remains at 8 persons in India, but increases to 14 persons in Nigeria by 2030 under the SDG 3.7. In India meeting the FP2020 target would yield a saving of US$18.2 billion (PPP) in consumption expenditures for children and youth in the year 2020 alone, and that increased to US$89.7 billion by 2030. In Nigeria the consumption saved would be US$2.5 billion in 2020 and $12.9 billion by 2030. Conclusions: The tremendous economic benefits from meeting the FP2020 and SDG family planning targets demonstrate the cost-effectiveness of investment in promoting access to contraceptive methods. The gap already apparent between the observed and targeted trajectories indicates tremendous missing opportunities. Accelerated progress is needed to achieve the FP2020 and SDG goals and so reap the demographic dividend.
Callus growth and anthraquinones production of Indian mulberry (Morinda citrifolia L.) in Murashige-Skoogâ€™s medium (MS) supplemented with Ca2+ and Cu2+
Authors: ARININGSIH IKA , SOLICHATUN SOLICHATUN , ANGGARWULAN ENDANG 
Published: July 2018

The objectives of the research were to study the effect of Ca2+ and Cu2+ ions in Murashige-Skoogâ€™s medium on callus growth and anthraquinones production from Morinda citrifolia callus. The outline of the research was that the callus growth and secondary metabolite production from plantâ€™s body could be triggered by the occurrence of elicitor that is added to cultureâ€™s medium, as biotic or abiotic elicitors. The addition of Ca2+ and Cu2+ ions in cultureâ€™s medium as abiotic elicitor would cause the occurrence of metalâ€™s ion competition and interaction toward cells that being cultured, furthermore, it would influence ion transport from or to cell cytoplasm. Finally, cytoplasm pH would be influenced, so that both of callus growth and secondary metabolite from the cell that being cultured will also affected. In this research, in vitro callus culture method to obtain callus from explant (Morinda citrifolia leaf) and to induced anthraquinone production was used. In vitro culture used in this research consisted of 3 stages. First stage was the basal medium for sterilant object, second stage was the callus initiation medium to induce callus, and third stage was the treatment medium to induce anthraquinone production from callus. The research used factorial completely randomized design with 2 factors (Ca2+ ions: 0 mgl-1, 440 mgl-1, 880 mgl-1 and Cu2+ ions 0 mgl-1, 2,5 mgl-1, 5 mgl-1), with 3 replicates. Data collected were qualitative data (explant sterilization and callus morphology) and quantitative data (callus growth rate, callus dry weight, and anthraquinone content). The data were analyzed using ANOVA, followed by DMRT with 5% confidence level. The result of the research indicated that the treatment with addition of Ca2+ and Cu2+ ions on MS medium did not have any significant effect on callus growth and anthraquinone production.
Diversity of essential oils constituent of Curcuma
Authors: SETYAWAN AHMAD DWI 
Published: July 2018

Curcuma rhizome had been used long time ago as spices, flavoring agents and medicinal substances. This genus consisting of about 20 species based on morphological characters, however, only seven species of them can be obtained and used in this assay, namely C. aeruginosa Roxb. (temu ireng), C. domestica Val. (kunir), C. heyneana Val. & van Zipj. (temu giring), C. mangga Val. (temu mangga), C. purpurascens Bl. (temu gleyeh), C. xanthorrhiza Roxb. (temu lawak), and C. zedoaria (Berg.) Rosc. (temu putih). This research was conducted to find out: (i) percentage of volatile oil of seven Curcuma species, (ii) type and percentage of volatile oil components of those Curcuma, and (iii) similarity index of volatile oil of those Curcuma based on type and percentage of each components. The plant materials were gathered from Surakarta, and they were sold at traditional market. Volatile oils were obtained by hydrodistillation method; type and percentage of components were determined by GC method, while similarity index was determined by UPGMA method. The result indicated that (i) volatile oil contents in the seven species of rhizome varies from 0.5-6% (v/w), (ii) the total number of volatile oil components of the rhizome (content >1%) was 64 compounds. The rhizome had 10 major components at the RT value of 5.30, 5.64, 7.98, 13.94, 14.05,14.38, 15.75, 16.43, 17.11, and 17.78 (iii) the relationships of those seven species were as follows: C. mangga and C. zedoaria had close relationship on the similarity index of 81%, and then C. xanthorrhiza joined on the similarity index of 73%. C. domestica and C. purpurascens had close relationship on the similarity index of 75%. Those two groups joined at the similarity index of 67%. C. aeruginosa and C. heyneana had close relationship on the similarity index of 72%. Those three groups joined at the similarity index of 59%. It is usual because they are of the same genus.
Potential inhibition of essential oils and crude extract of Zingiber species to the growth of Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht f.sp. cubense
Authors: PURWANTI PURWANTI , SURANTO SURANTO , SETYANINGSIH RATNA 
Published: July 2018

The aims of this research were (1) to investigate the potency of essential oil and crude extract of rhizome lempuyang pahit (Zingiber amaricans Vahl.), lempuyang gajah (Zingiber zerumbet L.) and lempuyang wangi (Zingiber aromaticum L.) in preventing growth of F. oxysporum f.sp. cubense (2) to determine the proper concentration of essential oil and crude extract in preventing the growth of F. oxysporum f.sp. cubense. Essential oil of rhizome Zingiber spp. was separated by Stahl destilation with methanol solvent. Crude extract was made by soaking the powder of Zingiber spp. in methanol absolute and then filtered by paper disk. Several compounds of rhizome Z. amaricans Vahl. were analysed by GC-MS. Potential inhibition of essential oil and crude extract were examined using disk diffusion method at concentration of 1%, 10%, and 100% respectively, while methanol absolute was used as control and Benlate fungicide was used for comparison. The result showed that essential oil and crude extract of Z. amaricans Vahl. and Z. zerumbet L. were able to inhibit the growth of F. oxysporum f.sp. cubense. Essential oil Z. amaricans Vahl. were also able to inhibit the growth of F. oxysporum f.sp. cubense at lowest concentration of 1% while the Z. zerumbet L. at concentration 10%. Crude extract Z. amaricans Vahl. and Z. zerumbet L. were able to prevent the growth of F. oxysporum f.sp. cubense even at concentration of 100%.
Isolation of antibacterial compounds from chloroform extract of neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) leaves guided by bioautography
Authors: APRISTIANI DWI , ASTUTI PUJI 
Published: July 2018

Neem leaves (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) have been traditionally used as antibacterial agent for a long time. Former research mentioned that neem leaves were proven to have antibacterial activity. This study was aimed to isolate antibacterial components in the chloroform extract of neem leaves guided by bioautography. Neem leaves were extracted by maceration technique. Antibacterial testing of chloroform extract was conducted by agar dilution method. Chloroform extract at the concentration of 1000 Âµg/mL inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus but not Escherichia coli. The extract was then fractionated by Vacuum Liquid Chromatography (VLC) method, and the fractions obtained were tested for antibacterial activity. The mixture of 2 and 3 fractions which was eluted with n-hexane: ethyl acetate = 9:1 (v/v) and n-hexane: ethyl acetate = 5:1 (v/v) inhibited the growth of S. aureus at the concentration of 1000 Âµg/mL. TLCbioautography of the fraction showed two inhibition zone with hRf values of 43.75 and 18.75. Isolate with hRf of 18.75 has Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) value of 500 Âµg/mL and still contained many components such as terpenoid.
Antimalaria assay of fruit extract of Morinda citrifolia and activity of mice (Mus musculus) macrophage after infecting it with Plasmodium berghei
Authors: HUTOMO RAHADI , SUTARNO SUTARNO , WINARNO WIEN , KUSMARDI KUSMARDI 
Published: July 2018

Malaria is a world wide disease. Death resulting from the disease was caused by the parasiteâ€™s resistance to the malaria drugs and the problem of immune system. The aims of the research were to know the effect of M. citrifolia fruit extract to Plasmodium berghei on total red blood cells of mice, and to know the effect of the extract on the number of intraperitoneal macrophage phagocytosing latex after infected by P. berghei. Three doses of fruit extract, 200, 150, 100 mg/kg BB were used in this study. Fansidar was used as positive control, while distilled water was used as negative control. The result of this research indicated that dose of 200 mg/kg BB could reduce number of parasitemia to 3.576%, dose of 150 mg/kg BB to 4.107%, and dose of 100 mg/kg BB to 13.331% on day 5, and could not reduce any number of parasitemia on the next day. Inhibition by Fansidar reached 0.201%, while distilled water did not show any inhibition activity. Different macrophage activity on phagocytosing latex was taken place. The average of macrophage activity on phagocytosing latex at dose of 200 mg/kg BB was 3.8x106 cell, at dose of 150 mg/kg BB was 2.53x106 cell/mL, while at dose 100 mg/kg BB was 1.5x106 cell/mL, and 2.43x106 cell/mL for the control. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the reduction of the number of parasitemia taken place at dose 200 and 150 mg/kg BB, although its activity is much lower than malaria drug of Fansidar. Macrophage activities increased at dose of 200 mg/kg BB.
The effect of drying methods variation on saponin content, total plate count, and pathogen bacteria of simplisia of Sesbania grandiflora (L.) Pers. leaf extract
Authors: RACHMAWATI NOOR AFIFAH , SURANTO SURANTO , SOLICHATUN SOLICHATUN 
Published: July 2018

The purposes of this research were to study the effect of drying methods variation on saponin content, total plate count, and pathogen bacteria of simplicia of Sesbania grandiflora (L.) Pers. leaf extract. The research was conducted by using Completely Random Design with the single factor and three replications. The treatment consisted of four treatments: without drying sample (as control) (P0), direct sunray drying (P1), indirect sunray (under shade place) drying (P2), and vacuum drying oven at temperature 45oC (P3). The observed parameters were: saponin content, total plate count, and pathogen bacteria. The data were analyzed using Analysis of Variants (ANOVA) and continued with the Duncanâ€™s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) on the 5% level. The result of research showed that drying method with vacuum drying oven at temperature 45oC to simplicia of S. grandiflora leaf produce the highest saponin contents due to 16.38 mg/mL. Dried method with indirect sunray (under shade place) and with direct sunray produce lower saponin contents are 16.24 mg/mL and 10.58 mg/mL. Dried method with vacuum drying oven at temperature 45oC to simplicia of S. grandiflora leaf could suppress microbial growth and produce the lowest bacteria total plate count due to 7.9.104 colony/g. Dried method with direct sunray and with indirect sunray (under shaded place) produce bacteria total plate count is 1.57.105 colony/g and 1.88.106 colony/g. This third drying method showed pathogen bacteria Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are negative (-).