bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimal water quality sensor positioning in urban drainage systems for illicit intrusion identification
Authors: Sambito Mariacrocetta , Di Cristo Cristiana , Freni Gabriele , Leopardi Angelo 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
In the last decade, the growth of the micro-industry in urban areas has produced an increase in the frequency of xenobiotic polluting discharges in drainage systems. Wastewater treatment plants are usually characterized by low removal efficiencies in respect of such pollutants, which may have an acute or cumulative impact on environmental and public health. To facilitate the early isolation of illicit intrusions, this study aims to develop an approach for positioning water quality sensors based on the Bayesian decision network (BDN). The analysis is focused on soluble conservative pollutants, such as metals. The proposed methodology incorporates several sources of information, including network topology, flows and non-formal ‘grey’ information about the possible locations of contamination sources. The methodology is tested using two sewer systems with increasing complexity: a literature scheme from the Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) manual and a real combined sewer in Italy. In both cases, the approach identifies the optimal sensor location gaining advantage from additional information, which reduces the computational effort needed to obtain the solution. In the real case, the application of the method yielded a better solution with regards to the real position of the implemented sensor network.
A Novel PCR-RFLP Method for Detection of POR*28 Polymorphism and its Genotype/Allele Frequencies in a Turkish Population
Authors: Ozdemir Fezile , Oz Merve Demirbugen , Suzen Hilat S. 
Published: September 2019

Background:The Cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes are involved in the metabolism of many endogenous and exogenous substances. They need electrons for their activity. CYP mediated oxidation reactions require cytochrome oxidoreductase (POR) as an electron donor. A common genetic variation identified in the coding region of POR gene (POR*28) leads to an alteration in POR activity by causing amino acid change. The current study aimed to determine the allele and genotype frequencies of POR*28 in a healthy Turkish population by using a novel genotyping assay.Methods:A novel PCR-RFLP assay was developed for the detection of POR*28 (rs1057868) polymorphism and the obtained frequencies were compared with the data established in various ethnic groups.Results:Genotypic analysis revealed that of 209 healthy, unrelated individuals tested for POR*28 polymorphism, 55.5% of the studied subjects were homozygous for the CC genotype, 34.9% were heterozygous for the CT genotype and 9.6% were homozygous for the TT genotype. The allele frequencies were 0.73 (C) and 0.27 (T). The present results were in accordance with the Hardy- Weinberg equilibrium. The distribution of POR*28 allele varies between populations. The frequency of the T allele among members of the Turkish population was similar to frequencies in Caucasian populations but was lower than in Japanese and Chinese populations.Conclusions:In this study, a novel method was developed, which could be applied easily in every laboratory for the genotyping of POR *28 polymorphism. The developed genotyping method and documented allele frequencies may have potential in understanding and predicting the variations in drug response/adverse reactions in pharmacotherapy and susceptibility to diseases in POR-mediated metabolism reactions.
OctaGel Resin - A New PEG-PS-based Solid Support for Solid-Phase Peptide Synthesis
Authors: Ramkisson Shaveer , Jad Yahaya E. , Sharma Anamika , de la Torre Beatriz G. , Albericio Fernando 
Published: September 2019

:
OctaGel resin is a unique, highly uniformed surface-active resin. Here, we compared the
performance of OctaGel with that of known resins on the market, namely polystyrene and ChemMatrix,
in Solid-Phase Peptide Synthesis. The synthesis of the ‘difficult’ Aib-ACP (65-74) decapeptide
showed that OctaGel has the potential to yield molecules with satisfactory purity. Given its high swelling
capacity and large bead size, OctaGel also shows efficient interaction with various solvents, including
those mainly used for SPPS (DMF and DCM).
Tegaserod for the Treatment of Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Authors: Madia Valentina Noemi , Messore Antonella , Saccoliti Francesco , Tudino Valeria , De Leo Alessandro , De Vita Daniela , Bortolami Martina , Scipione Luigi , Pindinello Ivano , Costi Roberta , Di Santo Roberto 
Published: September 2019

Background:
Tegaserod (Zelnorm®) is a 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) type
4 receptor agonist for the treatment of hypomotility disorders of the lower gastrointestinal
tract associated with the irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS-C).

Objective:
The authors provide the reader with a better understanding on tegaserod mechanism
of action, on its pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetic properties, on safety and
tolerability, with a summary of the key published clinical trials conducted in patients with
irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Its effects on colon inflammation have also been described.

Results:
Tegaserod was withdrawn in 2007 due to increased risks of cardiovascular adverse
effects. The manufacturer denied this, because pre-existing cardiovascular disease or
risk factors were attributed to all affected patients. Thus, no causal relationship between
tegaserod use and cardiovascular events was clearly shown. A matched case-control study
of tegaserod-treated with untreated patients found no association between tegaserod and
adverse cardiovascular outcomes. Despite its adverse effects, tegaserod resulted to be effective
in treating chronic constipation in adult women aged < 65 years with IBS-C, while
the safety and effectiveness of tegaserod in men with IBS-C have not been established.

Conclusion:
Tegaserod was resubmitted to the Food and Drug Administration in 2018 for
use in a low-risk population. Moreover, tegaserod has also been shown to improve symptoms,
enhance gastric accommodation and significantly attenuate visceral pain arising from
the colon in functional dyspepsia patients. Treatment with tegaserod seems also to exert a
protective effect in inflamed colons, reducing the severity of colitis in animal models.
Effect of Visual Search Training on Saccades in Age-related Macular Degeneration Subjects
Authors: Chatard Hortense , Tepenier Laure , Beydoun Talal , Offret Olivier , Salah Sawsen , Sahel José-Alain , Mohand-Said Saddek , Bucci Maria Pia 
Published: September 2019

Objective:
To compare the impact of unilateral versus bilateral Age-related Macular Degeneration
(AMD) on saccadic movements, and to show the effect of visual search training on these
eye movement performances in AMD subjects. We hypothesized that unilateral and bilateral AMD
subjects had abnormal saccadic performances, and that visual search training could improve their
performances.

Methods:
Three groups participated in visual search training: 13 elderly unilateral AMD subjects
(mean age: 74.6 ± 1.6 years), 15 elderly bilateral AMD subjects (mean age: 74.2 ± 1.2 years), and
15 healthy age-matched control subjects (mean age: 70.9 ± 1.3 years). Horizontal saccadic performances
were recorded before and after visual search training (Metrisquare®) with the Mobile
Eye Tracker (Mobile EBT®). We analyzed the saccadic movement performances: latency, mean velocity
and gain. We measured the training performances for each exercise: the time, the number of
omissions and the number of errors. We analyzed the performances with Kruskal-Wallis and posthoc
tests.

Results:
The latency of saccades in AMD subjects is significantly longer compared to healthy elderly
for 15° (p<0.03), 10° (p<0.003) and 5° (p<10-3). Unilateral and bilateral AMD subjects normalized
their latency of saccades after training for small saccades (respectively p=0.30 and p=0.23
for 10°, and p=0.09 and p=0.52 for 5°). In elderly, performances depend on the saccade’s amplitude.

Conclusion:
AMD subjects’ saccadic movements are disrupted: the execution needs more time but
is efficient. The visual search training improved the saccadic performances in AMD subjects. Further
studies will aim to improve knowledge on such issues and to explore the benefit of training
over time in unilateral AMD subjects.
Spectrometric, Thermodynamic, pH Metric and Viscometric Studies on the Binding of TEALS as Surfactant with Albumin as Biopolymer
Authors: Acharya Shveta , Sharma Arun Kumar 
Published: September 2019

Background::
Since the interactions of small anions with protein are very important
in their transportation and distribution processes in biological systems, it is helpful
to study these interactions to understand the nature of the transportation and distribution
processes. Therefore, it is aimed to study the interaction of albumin with surfactant molecule
by different physical methods.

Objective::
Present work attempts to work on assessing the structure, characterization of the
surfactants as TEALS (tri-ethanalamine lauryl sulphate) binding sites, with albumin involved
in various process of living being are discussed.

Method::
The binding of surfactant TEALS to egg protein has been studied at different pH
values and temperatures by spectrophotometric and equilibrium dialysis methods. The
binding data were found to be pH and temperature dependent. The binding data studied by
the absorbance method, were found approximately identical with those obtained from the
equilibrium dialysis method.

Results::
The association constants and the number of binding sites were calculated from
Scatchard plots and found to be at maximum at lower pH and at lower temperature. The
free energy of the combining sites was lowest at higher pH and highest at low pH. Therefore,
a lower temperature and a lower pH offered more sites in the protein molecule for interaction
with surfactant. The ΔG (free energies of aggregation) associated with the binding
interaction of the surfactants and protein were calculated. The negative values of the
ΔG confirm the feasibility of interaction between the surfactant and protein. All the observations
recorded in this paper indicate that the TEALS has a good affinity of binding with
egg protein and the number of binding sites is dependent on various physical and chemical
factors.

Conclusion::
On the basis of the results of the experiments which were conducted to examine
the interaction between anionic surfactant and protein by measuring the various parameters
of the solutions, it is concluded that the interaction of surfactant and protein gives an
idea of fundamental understanding of the structure of surfactant-protein complex and their
practical applications in every field.
History and Dramatic Imagination in Ahmed Yerima's Attahiru
Authors: Liman Rasheedah 
Published: September 2019

The thematic concerns of some dramatic creations among postcolonial African playwrights often bear witness to moments of ideological encounter between the colonizer and the colonized. The dramatic space also serves as an avenue where the encounter is revisited, reassessed, or challenged. In this way, Attahiru, a play by Ahmed Yerima introduces a new perspective that insists on the presentation of a version of history that is different from the dominant position of colonial power. On the one hand, colonial accounts portrayed Sultan Attahiru, the Sultan of the Sokoto Caliphate during the late 19th century, as an element of destabilization and a threat to the power and order established by the British colonialists, particularly in the northern protectorate. On the other hand, through narrative technique, Ahmed Yerima illustrates political resistance and the discourses of tradition and modernity, conflicts of religion and culture and the question of identity and power. The historical figure Attahiru is revived as a resistance fighter, a religious figure, a revolutionary leader who is sensitive to power and the demands of his people. However, the major problem arising from a comparison between the historical figure of Attahiru and the dramatic character remains that of the credibility of their representations. The question then is, can narrative technique in a dramatic text give credence to a dramatic character, represented in the synchronic present over the historic one that is constructed by a method aspiring to be objective and rigorous? This paper attempts to answer this question through the textual analysis of the play text against the backdrop of various historical accounts.
KEYWORDS: AHMED YERIMA, DRAMA, SOKOTO CALIPHATE, HISTORY, MEMORY
El impacto en la legislación civil chilena de la recepción de las nociones de autonomía e independencia contenidas en la Convención Interamericana de los Derechos Humanos de las Personas Mayores
Authors: Ruz Lártiga Gonzalo 
Published: September 2019

The impact is analyzed of the notion of autonomy and independence contained in the Inter-American Convention on the Protection of the Human Rights of the Elderly in Chilean civil-private legislation. The author proposes to begin by determining the legal contours of both notions and then analyzing the impact that this will bring in civil-private, particularly in the status of disabilities and associated protection rules, based on comparative experience. It is postulated that any system that is embraced to fulfill this task, should seek to give due protection to this age segment on the basis of pillars or fundamental principles (necessity, subsidiarity and proportionality) with full respect for their dignity as individuals, their individual freedoms And of the fundamental rights (autonomy and independence) established by the Convention.
Educação e bibliotecas multiníveis: um olhar sobre os documentos norteadores das bibliotecas da Rede Federal de Educação Profissional e Tecnológica em Rondônia
Authors: Veiga Miriã Santana , Pimenta Jussara Santos 
Published: September 2019

Este trabalho é resultado de pesquisa realizada no Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Rondônia (IFRO). Tem como objetivo apresentar conceitos sobre educação, sociedade da informação, letramento informacional, biblioteca escolar e biblioteca multinível e por fim, relacionar esses conceitos com os principais documentos norteadores das bibliotecas do IFRO, que são eles: a Resolução nº 21, que trata do Plano de Desenvolvimento de Coleções e a Resolução nº 22, que dispõe sobre o Regulamento de Bibliotecas do Instituto. Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória, bibliográfica e documental. Como resultado foi evidenciado um distanciamento, das resoluções 21 e 22 do real objetivo de uma biblioteca escolar e multinível de se tornarem espaços educativos no que tange ao incentivo a leitura e o letramento informacional. Nos documentos não foram localizadas diretrizes específicas para as funções educativas das bibliotecas e dos bibliotecários, o que distancia as bibliotecas dos eixos norteadores da instituição e da Rede Federal de Educação, Profissional, Científica e Tecnológica (RFEPCT), que busca estimular e apoiar processos educativos que levem à geração de trabalho e renda e à emancipação do cidadão na perspectiva do desenvolvimento socioeconômico local e regional.
Palavras-chave: Educação. Biblioteca escolar. Biblioteca multinível. Documentos norteadores. IFRO.
Authors: Pisemskaya Natalia Bondarenko 
Published: September 2019

El artículo examina, desde la perspectiva sociolingüística, las funciones comunicativas de lenguas nacionales en la sociedad venezolana. El estudio, de tipo teórico-documental con elementos de investigación de campo, se realizó con la metodología cualitativa, demostrando que cada lengua desempeña una o más de las siguientes funciones: oficial, grupal, de los medios de comunicación, de la producción científico-tecnológica, literaria, educacional, como asignatura y religiosa. Se concluye que estas funciones se presentan como indicadores importantes aunque no infalibles para estimar el grado de vitalidad de la lengua y su sostenibilidad ecolingüística a largo plazo, y que una mayor vitalidad conlleva un mayor grado de dominación y poder.
PALABRAS CLAVE: Lengua nacional. Lengua minoritaria. Función comunicativa. Distribución funcional.
Administration of a Social Work Model for Local Cooperativism
Authors: García Lirios Cruz 
Published: September 2019

The discussion on the relationship between social work and local cooperativism in order to administrate a model for the study of the phenomenon was the objective of this work. A study was carried out with an intentional selection of sources indexed to international repositories from 2010 to 2019, although the design of the research limited the information to the local area, suggesting the extension of the work in other global databases.
PENGEMBANGAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TUTOR TEMAN SEBAYA SETTING NYANTRIK DENGAN ASESMEN FORMATIF BENTUK KINERJA UNTUK MATA PELAJARAN TEKNIK GAMBAR MANUFAKTUR DI KELAS XI TPm-1 SMK NEGERI 3 SINGARAJA
Authors: . KOMANG AGUS WIDHYASA , . PROF.DR. I MADE CANDIASA, MI.Komp. , . DR. I GEDE SUDIRTHA, M.PD. 
Published: September 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengembangkan model pembelajaran Kooperatif Tutor Teman Sebaya (TTS) setting nyantrik yang valid dan praktis disertai dengan asesmen formatif bentuk kinerja. Pengembangan menggunakan model 4 D yang meliputi define, design, dan develop. Penelitian ini tidak dikembangkan pada skala yang lebih luas, baik di kelas lain, sekolah lain. Model sudah diuji terbatas di kelas XI TPm 1 SMKN 3 Singaraja untuk memperoleh hasil validasi dan kepraktisannya. Hasil validasi model pembelajaran terdiri atas sintak, sistem sosial, prinsip reaksi, sistem pendukung, dan dampak instruksional dan pengiring. Sintak model pembelajaran terdiri dari tujuan dan motivasi, informasi materi, mengorgansasi siswa ke dalam kelompok-kelompok belajar, diskusi kelompok secara nyantrik, laporan kelompok, penghargaan, kesimpulan pembelajaran, tes/evaluasi pembelajaran. Hasil validasi dengan kategori validitas tinggi. Sedangkan melalui uji coba lapangan diproleh tingkat kepraktisan respon siswa sebesar 80% dengan katagori praktis dan respon kepraktisan guru sebesar 87% dengan katagori sangat praktis.Kata Kunci : asesmen, model pembelajaran kooperatif, nyantrik, pengembangan, tutor teman sebaya. This study aimed at developing cooperative learning method by using nyantrik setting of peer tutor strategy for validity and practicability need supported by the steps of performace formative assessment. . The development used 4D model which included define, design, and develop. It�s not tested at other and other class.This model had limitedly tested at XI Mechanical Engineering 1 Class of SMK Negeri 3 Singaraja. It was consisted of syntax, social system, principal of reaction, supportive system, and instructional effects and escorts. Syntax composed motivation and porpose, informations study, create a group, group discussion, grpoup report, reward, conclusion, andd evaluations.The result of the validity shows with a high validity category. The result of the practicability from class trials shows that the students� practicability reaches practical category with the number of 80% and teacher responses very practical category with the number of 87%
keyword : assessment, cooperative learning method, development, nyantrik, peer tutor
Supporting Students’ Reasoning About Multiplication of Fractions by Constructing an Array Model
Authors: Rifandi Ronal 
Published: September 2019

The aim of the research is to support students in constructing an array model as a bridge from their informal knowledge to the formal one in understanding the part-whole relation concept. The part-whole relation concept is important for students to reason about multiplication of fractions. Realistic Mathematics Education which is in Indonesia adapted as Pendidikan Matematika Realistik Indonesia (PMRI) is used as an approach in designing a series of lessons. For this purpose, hypothetical learning trajectory (HLT) became the base for conducting a teaching experiment and designing its learning materials. The research was conducted in the fifth grade of SD Al Hikmah Surabaya, an elementary school in Indonesia, with five students as the participants. The collected data were qualitative data in the form of students’ written works and the transcript of video recording during the lesson. The data were analyzed retrospectively by confronting the conjecture of students’ thinking in the HLT with the fact in the teaching experiment. The result of the research shows that most students could use the contextual problem in promoting their ability on constructing their own array model to reason about part-whole relation.
Okul Öncesi Öğretmenlerinin Mesleki Tükenmişlik Düzeyleri İle Örgütsel Sinizm Tutumları Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi
Authors: MAHMOOD Sairan Mohammed Rashid , SAK Ramazan 
Published: September 2019

Bu araştırmanın amacı, okul öncesi öğretmenlerinin mesleki tükenmişlik düzeyleri ile örgütsel sinizm tutumları arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesidir. Tarama modelindeki bu çalışmanın katılımcılarını, seçkisiz örnekleme yöntemiyle belirlenen 408 okul öncesi öğretmeni oluşturmuştur. Çalışmada, veri toplama araçları olarak Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Maslach Tükenmişlik Envanteri-Eğitimci Formu ve Örgütsel Sinizm Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın veri analizin-de bağımsız örneklemler için t testi, Tek Faktörlü ANOVA ve Pearson korelasyon analizi gibi parametrik testler kullanılmıştır. Mesleki tükenmişliğin Duygusal Tükenme boyutu ve duyarsızlaşma boyutu ile örgütsel sinizmin kurumdan uzaklaşma, performansı düşüren etkenler, okula karşı olumsuz tutum, kararların alınmasına katılım boyutları ve sinizm ölçeğinin genel toplamı arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmuştur. Mesleki tükenmişliğin Kişisel Başarı boyutu ile örgütsel sinizmin kurumdan uzaklaşma, okula karşı olumsuz tutum, kararların alınmasına katılım boyutları ve sinizm ölçeğinin genel toplamı arasında negatif yönde anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmuştur. Mesleki tükenmişliğin Kişisel Başarı boyutu ile örgütsel sinizmin performansı düşüren etkenler boyutu arasında ise bir ilişki bulunmamıştır.
İşitme Engelli Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Mesleki Eğitiminde Uygulanan Bilgisayar Yazılımı Öğretim Modelinin İncelenmesi
Authors: KAYA Zehranur , GİRGİN Ümit , UZUNER Yıldız , KARASU Güzin 
Published: September 2019

Bu araştırmada; işitme engeli gençlerin mesleki
eğitimleri sürecinde uygun öğrenme ortamları sağlanarak hazırlanacak mesleki
eğitim programlarının düzenlenmesine yönelik yapılan çalışmalar incelenerek,
işitme engelli bireylerin mesleki eğitiminde bir dergi çıkarma süreci ve ürünün
incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmada mesleki eğitim sürecinde dersler
arasında işbirliği ortamı oluşturularak meslek dersinde kullanılan mesleki
terminoloji ve mesleki becerilerin geliştirilmesine yönelik yapılan etkinlik ve
stratejilerin işitme engelli öğrencilere uygulanma süreci incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın deseni eylem araştırmasıdır.
Araştırmanın katılımcılarını 2008-2009 eğitim öğretim yılında Engelliler
Entegre Yüksekokulu, Grafik Lisans Programı birinci sınıfına devam eden on
işitme engelli genç, makalenin birinci yazarı olan araştırmacı, dil
derslerinden sorumlu öğretim elemanı, geçerlik ve güvenilirlik komitesinin
öğretim elemanları oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma “Hazırlık” ve “Uygulama-Ürün Geliştirme” olmak üzere iki
süreçten oluşmuştur. Araştırma verileri; videoteyp kayıtları, geçerlik ve
güvenilirlik komitesinin toplantı kayıtları ve tutanakları, ders planları,
değerlendirmeler ve öğrenci ürünleri oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma sürecinde
işitme engelli gençlerin mesleki eğitiminde bir model oluşmuştur. Bu model
doğrultusunda yürütülen derslerin öğrenciler için yararlı olduğu gözlenmiştir.
Araştırma sürecinin sonunda meslek dersinde öğrenilen bilgisayar yazılımına
yönelik öğrencilerin; yazılımı uygulama becerilerinin ve yazılımın mesleki
dilini kullanma becerilerinin geliştiği belirlenmiştir.

Araştırma ülkemizde işitme engelli öğrencilerin
yüksekokul düzeyinde mesleki eğitimleri için öncü çalışmadır. Araştırmada oluşturulan
model ülkemizde ve yurt dışında işitme engelli gençlere mesleki eğitim veren
diğer eğitim kurumlarındaki derslerde kullanılarak sınanabilir.