bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of burnt rock on inclined shaft in shallow coal seam and its control technology
Authors: Yuan Yong , Liu Zhi‐Heng , Zhu Cheng , Yuan Chao‐Feng , Wang Sheng‐Zhi 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBurnt rock is a geo‐material widely existed in many countries. After the rock mass is burned, the fracture is developed, the structure is destroyed, the integrity and strength are reduced, and a good water storage space is formed in suitable hydration conditions. In this paper, the roof fall characteristics and failure mechanism of inclined shaft in shallow water‐rich burnt rock area (SWRBRA) are analyzed using theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, and field measurement. It is revealed that the main factors causing the instability of surrounding rock on inclined shaft in SWRBRA are the deterioration of structure and integrity after rock mass is burnt, the weakening of surrounding rock strength under the action of fissure water, and the lagging support method. Therefore, the key measure to control the stability of surrounding rock in SWRBRA is to block cracks to eliminate the weakening effect of water and advance reinforcement to improve the surrounding rock strength. Through the comprehensive technologies such as rear roadway reinforcement, filling, and rebuilding artificial false roof and pipe shed advanced support, the effective restoration of the roof fall area in SWRBRA is realized. The surrounding rock fractures were closed, the strength of surrounding rock is improved by means of grouting reinforcement, and the stability control of surrounding rock of inclined shaft in SWRBRA is achieved.
The role of circular RNA HECTD1 expression in disease risk, disease severity, inflammation, and recurrence of acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Peng Xiapei , Jing Ping , Chen Juan , Xu Liwen 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to explore the correlation of circular RNA HECT domain E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1 (circRNA HECTD1) expression with disease risk, disease severity, inflammation, and recurrence of acute ischemic stroke (AIS).MethodsA total of 160 initial AIS patients and 160 controls were enrolled in this study. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells of AIS patients and controls were separated from blood samples to detect circRNA HECTD1 expression by RT‐qPCR. Inflammatory cytokines in serum of AIS patients were measured by ELISA. Furthermore, the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score was used to evaluate disease severity of AIS patients. Additionally, disease recurrence was documented during follow‐up, and recurrence‐free survival (RFS) was calculated.ResultsCircRNA HECTD1 expression was higher in AIS patients than that in controls, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve revealed that circRNA HECTD1 expression was of a good value in distinguishing AIS patients from controls with area under the curve (AUC) of 0.814 (95% CI: 0.768‐0.859). In AIS patients, circRNA HECTD1 expression was positively correlated with NIHSS score, CRP, and pro‐inflammatory cytokines. CircRNA HECTD1 expression was increased in AIS recurrence patients compared to non‐recurrence patients, and further, ROC curve analysis disclosed that circRNA HECTD1 expression predicted higher risk of AIS recurrence (AUC: 0.694, 95% CI: 0.586‐0.801). Additionally, circRNA HECTD1 expression was negatively correlated with RFS.ConclusionsCircRNA HECTD1 expression correlates with higher disease risk, disease severity, inflammation, and recurrence of AIS.
Angiopoietin‐2 provides no incremental predictive value for the presence of obstructive coronary artery disease over N‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide
Authors: Jian Wen , Mo Chang‐Hua , Yang Guo‐Liang , Li Lang , Gui Chun 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundUsing circulating biomarkers as a noninvasive method to assist the evaluation of coronary artery disease (CAD) is beneficial for reducing the unnecessary diagnostic cardiac catheterization. This study aimed to assess the predictive role of angiopoietin‐2 (Ang‐2) for the presence of obstructive coronary stenosis as compared with N‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) in patients with symptoms of CAD.MethodsThe study enrolled 222 consecutive symptomatic patients who underwent elective diagnostic cardiac catheterization from July to December 2018. Blood samples were collected in the first morning after admission. The severity of coronary stenosis was assessed by coronary angiography. The obstructive CAD was defined as stenosis ≥50% of the left main coronary artery or stenosis ≥70% of a major epicardial vessel (left anterior descending artery, left circumflex artery and right coronary artery).ResultsPatients with obstructive CAD (n = 120) had significantly higher levels of Ang‐2 and NT‐proBNP compared with those without. In multivariable regression analysis, only NT‐proBNP levels were independently associated with Ang‐2 levels. NT‐proBNP was superior to Ang‐2 as a predictor for the presence of obstructive CAD (NT‐proBNP, area under curve [AUC] = 0.733, vs Ang‐2, AUC = 0.626, P = 0.004). In multiple logistic regression analysis, NT‐proBNP, but not Ang‐2, was the independent predictor of obstructive CAD. The combination of Ang‐2 with NT‐proBNP did not provide the incremental value over NT‐proBNP alone.ConclusionSerum Ang‐2 levels are associated with NT‐proBNP levels in patients suspected for CAD. NT‐proBNP is superior to Ang‐2 as a predictor for the presence of obstructive CAD. However, Ang‐2 does not further increase diagnostic accuracy on top of NT‐proBNP.
Dissecting the defects in the neonatal CD8+ T-cell response
Authors: Fike Adam J , Kumova Ogan K , Carey Alison J 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The neonatal period presents a complex scenario where the threshold of reactivity toward colonizing microbiota, maternal antigens, autoantigens, and pathogens must be carefully moderated and balanced. CD8+ T cells are critical for the response against intracellular bacteria and viruses, but this immune compartment maintains altered function relative to adult counterparts because of the unique challenges which infants face. Here, we review our current understanding of the factors which may promote the attenuation and altered function of the neonatal CD8+ T-cell response and potential avenues for future study. Specifically, we have focused on the neonatal CD8+ T-cell ontogeny, memory formation, TCR structure and repertoire, TCR inhibitory receptors, and the clinical implications of altered neonatal CD8+ T-cell function. Special emphasis has been placed on examining the response of preterm neonates relative to term neonates and adults.
Clinical assessment of aortic valve stenosis: Comparison between 4D flow MRI and transthoracic echocardiography
Authors: Adriaans Bouke P. , Westenberg Jos J.M. , van Cauteren Yvonne J.M. , Gerretsen Suzanne , Elbaz Mohammed S.M. , Bekkers Sebastiaan C.A.M. , Veenstra Leo F. , Crijns Harry J.G.M. , Wildberger Joachim E. , Schalla Simon 
Published: July 2019

BackgroundThe prevalence of valvular aortic stenosis (AS) increases as the population ages. Echocardiographic measurements of peak jet velocity (Vpeak), mean pressure gradient (Pmean), and aortic valve area (AVA) determine AS severity and play a pivotal role in the stratification towards valvular replacement. A multimodality imaging approach might be needed in cases of uncertainty about the actual severity of the stenosis.PurposeTo compare four‐dimensional phase‐contrast magnetic resonance (4D PC‐MR), two‐dimensional (2D) PC‐MR, and transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) for quantification of AS.Study TypeProspective.PopulationTwenty patients with various degrees of AS (69.3 ± 5.0 years).Field Strength/Sequences4D PC‐MR and 2D PC‐MR at 3T.AssessmentWe compared Vpeak, Pmean, and AVA between TTE, 4D PC‐MR, and 2D PC‐MR. Flow eccentricity was quantified by means of normalized flow displacement, and its influence on the accuracy of TTE measurements was investigated.Statistical TestsPearson's correlation, Bland–Altman analysis, paired t‐test, and intraclass correlation coefficient.Results4D PC‐MR measured higher Vpeak (r = 0.95, mean difference + 16.4 ± 10.7%, P <0.001), and Pmean (r = 0.92, mean difference + 14.9 ± 16.0%, P = 0.013), but a less critical AVA (r = 0.80, mean difference + 19.9 ± 20.6%, P = 0.002) than TTE. In contrast, unidirectional 2D PC‐MR substantially underestimated AS severity when compared with TTE. Differences in Vpeak between 4D PC‐MR and TTE showed to be strongly correlated with the eccentricity of the flow jet (r = 0.89, P <0.001). Use of 4D PC‐MR improved the concordance between Vpeak and AVA (from 0.68 to 0.87), and between PGmean and AVA (from 0.68 to 0.86).Data Conclusion4D PC‐MR improves the concordance between the different AS parameters and could serve as an additional imaging technique next to TTE. Future studies should address the potential value of 4D PC‐MR in patients with discordant echocardiographic parameters.Level of Evidence: 2Technical Efficacy: Stage 2J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;51:472–480.
The pleiotropic effects of Innexin genes expressed in Drosophila glia encompass wing chemosensory sensilla
Authors: Raad Hussein , Robichon Alain 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe neuroanatomy of Drosophila wing chemosensilla and the analysis of their sensory organ precursor cell lineage have demonstrated that they are surprisingly related to taste perception. The microarchitecture of wing bristles limits the use of electrophysiology methods to investigate wing chemosensory mechanisms. However, by monitoring the fluorescence of the complex calcium/GCaMP, calcium flux triggered upon tastant stimulation was observed within sensilla aligned along the wing anterior nerve. This string of fluorescent puncta was impaired in wings of Innexin 2 (Inx2) mutant flies; although it is unclear whether the Innexin proteins act at the level of the wing imaginal disc, adult wing and/or at both levels. Glial cells known to shelter Innexin(s) expression have no documented role in adult chemosensory sensilla. Our data suggest that Innexin(s) are likely required for the maturation of functional wing chemosensilla in adulthood. The unexpected presence of most Innexin transcripts in adult wing RNAseq data set argues for the expression of Innexin proteins in the larval imaginal wing disc that are continued in wing chemosensilla at adulthood.Open Practices

This article has earned an Open Data badge for making publicly available the digitally‐shareable data necessary to reproduce the reported results. The data is available as supporting materials and includes the electronic lab notebook. Learn more about the Open Practices badges from the Center for Open Science: https://osf.io/tvyxz/wiki.
In silico validation of the non‐antibiotic drugs acetaminophen and ibuprofen as antibacterial agents against red complex pathogens
Authors: Vijayashree Priyadharsini Jayaseelan 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundAcetaminophen (APAP) and ibuprofen (IB) are drugs commonly used to alleviate pain due to their anti‐inflammatory, anti‐pyretic, and analgesic effect. The aim of the present study is to unravel the molecular mechanisms underlying the antimicrobial potential of these two drugs against red complex pathogens, namely, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola, and Tannerella forsythia, by using in silico tools, since they are potentially associated with inflammatory conditions related to periodontal infections.MethodsThe STITCH v5.0 pipeline was primarily used for identifying drug‐protein interactions; VirulentPred and VICMPred were used for elucidating the virulence property and functional class of the proteins. The subcellular localization of virulent proteins was assessed using PSORTb v3.0 and the epitopes were identified using BepiPred v1.0 Linear Epitope Prediction tool.ResultsAPAP and IB were found to interact with proteins involved in cellular process, metabolism, and virulence. The virulent proteins targeted by the drugs were located in the cytoplasm, which would further add to the effectiveness of the drugs to serve as antimicrobial agents. Finally, epitope prediction revealed multiple epitopes in the virulent proteins which can be specifically focused on.ConclusionsAPAP and IB were found to target vital proteins involved in the cellular process, metabolism, and virulence of red complex pathogens. An in‐depth knowledge on the interaction of these drugs and their antibacterial activity would add to the plethora of merits gained by these drugs in clinical settings. Further in vitro studies on a wide range of pathogens are warranted to substantiate the true interactions between the drugs and the protein repertoire of pathogens.
Effect of low‐temperature preservation on quality changes in Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei: a review
Authors: Pan Chuang , Chen Shengjun , Hao Shuxian , Yang Xianqing 
Published: July 2019

AbstractShrimp has been widely accepted as an excellent resource for white meat due to its high‐protein and low‐fat content, especially low cholesterol. However, shrimps are highly perishable during preservation and retailing procedures due to the activities of enzymatic proteolysis, lipid oxidation, and microbial degradation. With increasing knowledge of and demands for safety, nutrition, and freshness of shrimp products, energy efficient, quality, maintained, and sustainable preservation technologies are needed. Low‐temperature preservation, a practical processing method for improving the shelf life of food products, is widely used in the aquatic industry. This review focuses on the effects of low‐temperature preservation on the quality changes in Litopenaeus vannamei. It considers physicochemical properties, sensory evaluation, melanosis assessment, and microbiological analysis. The perspectives of non‐protein‐based techniques on quality analysis of shrimps during preservation are also discussed. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
A close look on the effect of polyethylene glycol on the levansucrase thermostability: a case study of Brenneria sp. levansucrase
Authors: Xu Wei , Zhang Wenli , Guang Cuie , Zhang Tao , Mu Wanmeng 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDTo increase the low residual activity of levansucrase during long‐time processing, an enhancement of its weak thermostability is needed. Here, the effect of metal ions and polyethylene glycol (PEG) on the thermostability of levansucrase from Brenneria sp. EniD312 were studied and evaluated. The residual activity was determined and the protein structure was evaluated by circular dichroism spectrum, fluorescence intensity (FI), and surface hydrophobicity (S0).RESULTSAs a result of incubation with 10% (w/v) PEG 4000, the enzyme activity was increased by 1.24‐fold. After incubation with 5% PEG 4000 for 6 h, the residual activity at 35 and 45 °C was decreased to 55% and 60% of the initial activity, with an increase of 1.2‐ and 3.3‐fold than the wild‐type enzyme. Furthermore, the random coil content of enzyme was decreased from 53% of the wild‐type enzyme to 33.9% of the PEG pre‐incubated enzyme. Additionally, the FI was maximally increased and the S0 was decreased from 117 to 69.CONCLUSIONAll of these results suggested that after incubation with PEG 4000, the secondary and tertiary structure of wild‐type enzyme could be greatly maintained and then its thermostability could be increased. This study was the first report on the enhancement of levansucrase thermostability by PEG incubation and might be a good guideline to other researches on levansucrase. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Deciphering Islamic theocracy and tourism: Conceptualization, context, and complexities
Authors: Seyfi Siamak , Hall C. Michael 
Published: July 2019

AbstractInternational tourism development in theocratic structures where Islam exercises considerable influence over social, political, and regulatory systems embodies a range of challenges, complexities, and conflicts. Against this backdrop, this paper aimed at exploring the interactions between Islamic theocracy and tourism via an interpretivist approach. Saudi Arabia and Iran are both recognized as countries with a theocratic system of governance and serve as distinctive tourism destinations that provide cases for exploring the interaction between tourism and theocratic institutions and the implications for tourism practice. The study identified several key areas of theocratic influence on tourism, namely, policy‐making, marketing, and gender, and highlighted the complexities of developing tourism outside of pilgrimage and religious travel in theocratic environments. Theocratic conceptualization of governance alongside a framework for understanding the linkages between Islamic theocracy and tourism and implications of such connections are also proposed.
Development of augmented‐reality applications in otolaryngology–head and neck surgery
Authors: Rose Austin S. , Kim Hyounghun , Fuchs Henry , Frahm Jan‐Michael 
Published: July 2019

Objectives/HypothesisAugmented reality (AR) allows for the addition of transparent virtual images and video to one's view of a physical environment. Our objective was to develop a head‐worn, AR system for accurate, intraoperative localization of pathology and normal anatomic landmarks during open head and neck surgery.Study DesignFace validity and case study.MethodsA protocol was developed for the creation of three‐dimensional (3D) virtual models based on computed tomography scans. Using the HoloLens AR platform, a novel system of registration and tracking was developed. Accuracy was determined in relation to actual physical landmarks. A face validity study was then performed in which otolaryngologists were asked to evaluate the technology and perform a simulated surgical task using AR image guidance. A case study highlighting the potential usefulness of the technology is also presented.ResultsAn AR system was developed for intraoperative 3D visualization and localization. The average error in measurement of accuracy was 2.47 ± 0.46 millimeters (1.99, 3.30). The face validity study supports the potential of this system to improve safety and efficiency in open head and neck surgical procedures.ConclusionsAn AR system for accurate localization of pathology and normal anatomic landmarks of the head and neck is feasible with current technology. A face validity study reveals the potential value of the system in intraoperative image guidance. This application of AR, among others in the field of otolaryngology–head and neck surgery, promises to improve surgical efficiency and patient safety in the operating room.Level of Evidence2b Laryngoscope, 129:S1–S11, 2019
Prognostic factors for survival and nonfunctional larynx in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx
Authors: Nachalon Yuval , Reicher Yael , Alkan Uri , Levi Lirit , Bachar Gideon , Popovtzer Aron 
Published: July 2019

Objectives/HypothesisPrognostic variables upon presentation can assist in recommending the optimal treatment for patients and may help in management of patient's expectations and side effects. Our objective was to evaluate prognostic factors for survival and nonfunctional larynx in patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).Study DesignRetrospective chart review.MethodsAll patients diagnosed as having laryngeal SCC from January 2007 through December 2016 in a tertiary, university‐affiliated medical center were reviewed. Main outcomes were survival and nonfunctional larynx rate.ResultsTwo hundred sixty‐five patients were identified; the male:female ratio was 4.5:1. Mean age at diagnosis was 64 ± 11.8 years. Overall and disease‐free survival were 7.9 and 6.7 years, respectively. A univariate analysis found that older age significantly affected survival. Alcohol abuse, diabetes mellitus, and advanced disease stage at presentation were also found to decrease survival but were not significant. A multivariate Cox regression found age, alcohol abuse, and advanced disease stage to significantly affect and lower survival (P < .05). Of the entire cohort 19% were defined as having a nonfunctional larynx (e.g., tracheostomy or feeding‐tube dependent). A backward logistic regression found that male sex and advanced disease stage increased the risk, and anterior commissure involvement was found to lower the probability of nonfunctional larynx (P < .01).ConclusionsOlder age, history of alcohol use, and advanced disease stage at presentation negatively affect survival in larynx cancer patients. Male gender and advanced disease stage increased the risk, and anterior commissure involvement was found to lower the risk for tracheostomy or feeding‐tube dependency.Level of Evidence4Laryngoscope, 130:1202–1205, 2020
Splicing dysregulation contributes to the pathogenicity of several F9 exonic point variants
Authors: Katneni Upendra K. , Liss Aaron , Holcomb David , Katagiri Nobuko H. , Hunt Ryan , Bar Haim , Ismail Amra , Komar Anton A. , Kimchi‐Sarfaty Chava 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundPre‐mRNA splicing is a complex process requiring the identification of donor site, acceptor site, and branch point site with an adjacent polypyrimidine tract sequence. Splicing is regulated by splicing regulatory elements (SREs) with both enhancer and suppressor functions. Variants located in exonic regions can impact splicing through dysregulation of native splice sites, SREs, and cryptic splice site activation. While splicing dysregulation is considered primary disease‐inducing mechanism of synonymous variants, its contribution toward disease phenotype of non‐synonymous variants is underappreciated.MethodsIn this study, we analyzed 415 disease‐causing and 120 neutral F9 exonic point variants including both synonymous and non‐synonymous for their effect on splicing using a series of in silico splice site prediction tools, SRE prediction tools, and in vitro minigene assays.ResultsThe use of splice site and SRE prediction tools in tandem provided better prediction but were not always in agreement with the minigene assays. The net effect of splicing dysregulation caused by variants was context dependent. Minigene assays revealed that perturbed splicing can be found.ConclusionSynonymous variants primarily cause disease phenotype via splicing dysregulation while additional mechanisms such as translation rate also play an important role. Splicing dysregulation is likely to contribute to the disease phenotype of several non‐synonymous variants.