bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Phosphorous and Selenium Treatments on Arsenic Uptake and Plant Growth in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Barton Joe , Collins Richard , Westland Anya , Butters Lance 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Phosphorus (P) and Selenium (Se) supplementation to rice plants grown in Arsenic (As) contaminated conditions as be found by many studies to reduce As uptake and benefit growth in such conditions, however there are some inconsistencies as to how effective these treatments are. This study investigates the effect of 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5 and double the recommended concentration of P and Se on the growth of rice seedlings both with and without the presence of As over a maximum 20 day period. Analysis of the growth data collected indicated that there is no significant difference in the leaf, maximum and minimum root lengths, leaf and root numbers or the As content of the plant material. This study finds that different concentrations of P and Se do not affect growth at early stages and do not affect As uptake.
Sunflower Varieties and Hybrids Registered for Cultivation in Romania in the Last Century
Authors: Bran Alexandru , Ion Viorel 
Published: September 2018

AbstractSunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is one of the most important oil crop in the world with a harvested area in 2016 which was 3.9 times more than in 1961. The almost continuous increase of the harvested area at world level is due to the sunflower crop advantages for the farmers and to the increased yielding capacity and oil content in the seeds, all these associated with an increased demand on the market for the sunflower oil. The high yielding capacity associated with high oil content in the seeds is due to the remarkable achievements realized through the breeding programs performed at sunflower crop in the last century. These achievements are related especially to the creation of the high-yielding F1 hybrids with excellent performances. The aim of the present paper is to make an analysis and to give an insight into the situation, evolution, and historical milestones regarding the sunflower varieties and hybrids registered for cultivation in Romania in the last century. In this respect, there were analyzed different informational sources during the last century with respect to the sunflower crop in Romania, but especially the whole collection of the Romanian Official Catalogues of the Varieties of Plant Species. The official journey in Romania of the sunflower as an oil crop started in 1910 and has registered up to present a spectacularly evolution both in terms of cultivated area and varieties and hybrids cultivated.
Research on Obtaining Biological Planting Material for Sweet Potatoes under Conditions in Romania
Authors: Drăghici Reta , Diaconu Aurelia , Paraschiv Alina , Drăghici Iulian , Coteț Gheorghe , Croitoru Mihaela , Dima Milica 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Sweet potato Ipomoea batatas (L) Lam is a drought resistant species with vigorous growth and high productivity adapted to the conditions of sandy soils (Iamandei Maria et al., 2014, Diaconu Aurelia et al., 2016). In terms of Romania, sweet potato are reproduces by shoots obtained under solar. In this respect, the research carried out at CCDCPN Dabuleni between 2016-2017 aimed at obtaining sweet potato shoots in a trifactorial experience, as follows: Factor A - Planting time in the solar (15 March, 25 March), Factor B - Variety (KSP 1 and KSC 1), Factor C - Diameter of tubers (2, 3, 4 cm). The results obtained on the monitoring of solar microclimate influence on growth and development of sweet potato shoots and plant physiological processes (photosynthesis, perspiration, chlorophyll content) underline the importance of the planting period and the quality of the biological material planted in the solar. Observations and determinations of growth rate they have a slow pace in April, when climatic factors have fluctuated greatly from night to day, which increased in the first decade of May, when the shoots saw the optimal planting size of 35-40 cm. The best results were obtained by planting in the solar on March 25, using tuberous roots 3-4 cm in diameter, when there was an intense physiological activity and a large number of shoots on the tuber (9.125-9.980 shoots).
Comparative Study on Performance of Milk Production in Holstein Breed Exploated in Romania
Authors: Cuvliuc Alina Elena , Mărginean Gheorghe Emil , Kelemen Alexandru , Vidu Livia 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
The aim of this scientific paper is to reveal the trends of the parameters that quantitatively and qualitatively assess the milk production of the Holstein livestock exploited in Romania. The data used here came from 59 dairy farms throughout Romania and accounted for over 34,000 complete lactations from the period between 2012 and 2017. The comparison of currently processed data has been done with the results obtained over the last 20 years by another Romanian author. The following parameters, expressed per total lactation and normal lactation (305 days), were used to assess milk production: the length of lactation, quantitative milk production, quantitative fat production, and the concentration of milk in crude fat. The statistical processing of data was done using the Excel software. In general, in the last 20 years, there has been asignificant improvement in milk production of the Holstein livestock from Romania dairy farms.
Experimental Rearing of the Golden Gray Mullet Liza Aurata (Risso, 1810) in a Recirculating System at the Black Sea
Authors: Nita Victor Nicolae , Nenciu Magda-Ioana , Nicolae Carmen Georgeta 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Recirculating Aquaculture Systems (RAS) used in aquatic research and production are a viable alternative to traditional open-sea mariculture. The rearing of marine living resources in controlled environments is one of NIMRD’s constant concerns. Golden gray mullet Liza aurata (Risso, 1810) is spread in the Mediterranean, Black and Caspian Seas, as well as along the Atlantic coast, and culture in extensive and semi-intensive enclosures has been practiced worldwide for centuries, especially in the Far East and the Mediterranean, reaching a global production of 134,329 tons in 2010. The species’ potential for aquaculture is enhanced by its eurihalyne and eurithermal adaptability, allowing it to grow in a variety of ecosystems. The biological material used for the experiment was represented by golden gray mullet fingerlings fished using the beach seine from the Black Sea. They were monitored for health state, growth rythm (mean length and weight determinations), behavior under RAS conditions, survival rate and overall adaptability. The growth of juveniles after 90 days was 89.2% for total length and 246% for mean biomass. Concerning overall adaptability, after approximately one month, the golden gray mullet individuals fully adapted to rearing in the RAS tanks and handling during measurements. Moreover, the food administered (Skretting Classic K) was easily accepted, active feeding behavior being observed even in the presence of NIMRD’s staff. The fish’s health state was good, with no mortalities caused by infections or parasites. The survival rate upon completion of the two monitoring months was 76.66% (23 of the 30 individuals included in the experiment). The preliminary results obtained showed a good adaptability and a normal growth rate, which makes Liza aurata a potential candidate for aquaculture targeting the national and regional market.
Assessing the Inter-Relations Between Fish Health and Stock Status of the Main Commercial Fish Species
Authors: Totoiu Aurelia , Patriche Neculai 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
This paper aims to show the importance of knowing the health status of fish populations in their natural environment and its influence on fish stocks at the Romanian coast. To assess the interrelationship between fish health status and the state of stocks, the following fish species: turbot, sprat, anchovies and horse mackerel were analysed from the pathological point of view. Pathological analyses performed between 2015 and 2017 revealed the presence of infections caused by bacteria of the genus Aeromonas and Vibrio and parasitic diseases Trichodinosis, Botriocephalosis and Nematodosis. The presence of these diseases in natural fish populations may represent a real danger to the state of existing stocks, but also to their evolution.
The Effect of High-Level Dietary Supplementation with Different Zinc Sources on Performance, Eggshell Quality and Bone Characteristics in Layer Quails
Authors: Tüzün Ahmet Engin , Olgun Osman , Yildiz Alp Önder 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with high levels of inorganic, organic or nano sources of two high-level zinc diets (200 and 300 mg/kg) on performance, eggshell quality and mineral content of bone in layer quails. The experiment had a 2×3 factorial arrangement of treatments. Egg production and the zinc content of tibia were significantly increased in the present experiment. Compared with zinc oxide supplementation, zinc-glycine supplementation increased zinc concentration in the tibia. The interactions between the sources and levels of zinc were a significant effect on egg production, eggshell breaking strength, eggshell weight and tibia zinc level. The highest eggshell breaking strength and eggshell weight were observed in the group was fed with diet including zinc-glycine at 300 mg/kg. These results suggested that zinc-glycine supplementation positively effects eggshell quality parameters and tibia zinc concentration when compared with other sources used in this experiment. Additionally, the supplementation layer quail diets with zinc-glycine rather than nanoparticulate sources of zinc could be recommended for optimum performance.
Farms Typologies and Their Impact on the Development of Rural Areas in Moldova
Authors: Cimpoies Liliana , Semionova Elena 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
For Moldova’s agriculture are characterized the existence of many small family farms and only a small number of corporate holdings (limited liabilities companies, agricultural production cooperatives etc). Most of individual farms, small by size produce only for own family consumption and cannot find their way to the market place. The accentuated poverty makes rural economy to flow more and more to a natural subsistence economy, isolating itself from the market economy. The goal of this paper is to delimitate different types of farms based on selected indicators and to appreciate their level of development. Differences in farms levels of development are appreciated through cluster analysis. The research includes the analysis of farms survey data. This research was carried as a part of the Academy of Sciences project “Sustainable rural development in Republic of Moldova in the context of EU accession”. In the project were surveyed 938 individual farms from nine districts across the country. As a result, we distinguish three types of farms: natural, family and market household. The cluster analysis allows to characterize the farms level development, to determine the main priority directions, and to elaborate measures for the individual farms further sustainable development.
Global Food Security Index’s Reflections to Balkan Countries
Authors: Turan Özlem , Gurluk Serkan , Issi Edibe 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Policies for ensuring food security have gained considerable importance in recent years. The policy success of the countries at this lower level is very important in ensuring food safety. It is also important to determine where the countries take place in food security. In determining the success of countries The Global Food Security Index (GFSI) takes on an important role. In order to prepare the index different subsections of food security such as food availability, food accessibility, food quality and safety are calculated using different weights. This index is re-prepared every year and allows the user to make changes using different weights and calculating rankings again. It will also include recommendations on agriculture and food policy that can be taken to improve their places in the food security index. In this study, an analysis of GFSI for 2017 will be made for Turkey, Romania and Bulgaria. It also includes recommendations on agriculture and food policy of countries for these countries to increase their rankings on the GFSI.
Enhancement Of Cabernet Sauvignon Wine Volatile Profile By Organic Cultivation Confirmed With An Electronic Nose
Authors: Artem Victoria , Antoce Arina Oana 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Cabernet Sauvignon is one of the grape varieties highly suitable for organic cultivation. In the present study, the variety was cultivated in Murfatlar region were both organic and conventional technologies are applied and compared. Also, for each growth system variants with and without 30% cluster thinning were organized. Wines obtained from each variant were compared by the use of an electronic nose. The groups of wines prepared by the same technology were discriminated by the electronic nose in accordance to their volatile profile and on the basis of the discriminating chromatographic peaks determined. The wines produced from grapes conventionally grown were discriminated in two groups by different compounds correlated to the application or not of the cluster thinning operation, while the wines from organic grapes were only slightly separated in groups with or without cluster thinning. However, the wines from organic grapes have shown the highest complexity, as far as the number of discriminant peaks is concerned. Thus, this preliminary study suggests that organic cultivation of grapes may be beneficial for Cabernet Sauvignon wines. The operation of cluster thinning has some effects on the wines made with conventionally grown grapes, but even in this case only 7.6% of the variability in the volatile profile is explained by the cluster thinning. Considering that the grape yield of Cabernet Sauvignon is generally low as compared to other varieties, a further reduction of the grape load may be economically unjustified.
Valorification of Jerusalem Artichoke Tubers (Helianthus Tuberosus) for Achieving of Functional Ingredient with High Nutritional Value
Authors: Catană Luminița , Catană Monica , Iorga Enuța , Lazăr Anda-Grațiela , Lazăr Monica-Alexandra , Teodorescu Răzvan Ionuț , Asănică Adrian Constantin , Belc Nastasia , Iancu Alexandra 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Jerusalem artichoke tubers (Helianthus tuberosus) are distinguished by their protein, minerals (potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, etc.) and inulin content. Inulin can be used in the diet of diabetics as a substitute of sugar, without having an impact on blood glucose. At the same time, an international study had shown that due to their inulin content, regular consumption of Jerusalem artichoke tubers can help to prevent type 2 diabetes. In this paper are presented the results of the researches performed to achieve a functional ingredient (powder) with high nutritional value by processing of Jerusalem artichoke tubers. Thus, the Jerusalem artichoke tubers (Red Jerusalem artichoke and White Jerusalem artichoke varieties) were subjected to a convective drying process at 50°C, to protect bioactive components (vitamins, phenolic compounds, etc.) to a moisture content that allow their milling and turning them into powder and, at the same time, their stability in terms of quality. The achieved functional ingredient was evaluated sensory, physicchemically and microbiologically. The powder obtained from Jerusalem artichoke tubers is characterized by their inulin-type fructans (51.60... 57.45%), crude fiber (6.85...8.27%), total polyphenols (18.51... 44.03 mg GAE/g), proteins (8.75...9.26%), iron (12.45...13.88 mg/100g), potassium (1905.44...2100.35 mg/100g), calcium (50.21...57.45mg/100g), magnesium (84.55...89.95mg/100g) and phosphorus content (300.12...345.35 mg/100g). At the same time, powder achieved from Jerusalem artichoke tubers has antioxidant potential. Due to its complex biochemical composition, the functional ingredient achieved from Jerusalem artichoke tubers can be used to fortify food and also as a sweetening agent for products destined to diabetics.
The Accumulation of Nutrients and Contaminants in Aromatic Plants Grown in a Hydroponic System
Authors: Dobrin Aurora , Ivan Elena Ştefania , Jerca Ionuţ Ovidiu , Bera Ionuț-Răzvan , Ciceoi Roxana , Samih Alexandru Ahmad 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Hydroponic systems are highly appreciated today, due to their potential to protect the environment and ensure a high level of food safety. In general, aromatic plants play a very important role in the food, pharmacy, cosmetics, perfumery and aromatherapy industries, all these products being highly appreciated by consumers. Due to their importance, different hydroponic systems are put in place to grow at different levels, these aromatic plants. In the present study, is analyzed the influence of three different hydroponic systems (two vertical and one horizontal) on minerals content and nutritional quality of two varieties of Occimum basilicum and one Mentha piperita variety. In this study are presented dry matter content, ash, micro and macro elements and contaminants content of leaves are presented. The results showed that the vertical system without foil had the best results, followed by the vertical system with foil comparative to the horizontal system that had the lowest content in nutritious principles. The vertical eco-sustainable systems proved to be a promising innovation for growing aromatic plants at the household level and a promising start for the intensive growing.
Morphological and Anatomical Properties of the Senna Alexandrina Mill. (Cassia Angustifolia Vahl.)
Authors: Săvulescu Elena , Georgescu Mihaela Ioana , Popa Vlad , Luchian Vasilica 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
It was studied the Senna alexandrina Mill. Fabaceae, Caesalpinioideae subfamily, synonym Cassia angustifolia Vahl. that has high pharmaceutical importance. The assessment was done using the plants growth in the research field of Botanical Garden. There were assessed the morphological characteristics and anatomical analysis were done in the stem and leaves. In the Romanian climatic conditions the Senna alexandrina is annual plant with taproot and the size of the stem is 40-70 cm. The leaves are alternate, pinnately compound with 3 to 7 pairs of minor leaflets and small stipules (2-3 mm). The leaflets are 2.5 - 4.5 cm length and 7-10 mm width, lanceolate to ovate in shape, entire blade, glabrous, acute apex, cuneate base, green to yellow-green colour. The flowers are yellow, with the terminal racemes of 10-15 cm length with 7-12 (19) flowers. The flowering starts in July until September. The fruit is a glabrous dehiscent pod, with 4-6 cm length, including 10-17 seeds. In the internal structure of the stem and rachis there are collaterally opened vascular bundles.The leaflets are amphystomatic with paracytic stomata and dorsiventrally mesophyll.
Climate Change’s Impact on Sandy Soils and on the Grafted Watermelons Adaptation
Authors: Ciupureanu Gabriela Mihaela , Ciuciuc Elena , Diaconu Aurelia , Ciuca Alina , Popa Daniela 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Starting from the fact that the principles of agro-ecology become fundamental principles for the development of a green economy, especially in the context of current climate change, the effective capitalization of the ecological conditions of an agricultural area is one of the main objectives of agricultural science and practice. Identifying and formulating adaptive technological solutions can guide any producer to capitalize different climate and soil conditions. The sandy soils in Southern Oltenia offer less favourable ecological conditions, and the cultivation of watermelons is now profitable enough for such conditions. Growers are, however, interested in getting the most productive yields, early and profitable, even under the conditions of climate change. The current paper quantifies the grafting of watermelons in the conditions of the sandy soils of Dăbuleni, with poor soil supply, with meteorological drought phenomena and agricultural drought risk, in terms of quality and quantity of production under the climatic conditions in 2015-2017. The results, correlated with the climatic conditions, recommend the cultivation of grafted watermelons, offering the producers in the area a niche of ecological adaptation, ensuring the resistance of plants to abiotic, thermo-hydric stress factors, and improving the resistance to low temperatures, heat and drought.
Current Trends in Biological Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Dracea Dragos , Tronac Augustina , Mustata Sebastian 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Waste water treatment plants are complex systems consisting of construction, hydro-mechanical, electrical, monitoring and automation equipment. Monitoring activities emphasize that the processes are dynamic; wastewater quality at the entering point of treatment plant varies in a wide range. Treatment technologies adopted must reduce major pollutants; that involves nitrification-denitrification processes and biological and chemical reduction of phosphorus through mechanical-chemical-biological treatment pathways. Increasing the activated sludge concentration in a wastewater treatment plant is an effective method by altering the process dynamics and by reducing the produced sludge volume. There are proposed and discussed in terms of technical and cost efficiency different technological wastewater treatment schemes. In Romania, wastewater treatment plants and sewage systems operating involve processes based on the new systems overrated, there is mandatory to diminish quantities in water supply systems and to exclude improperly working of wastewater pre-treatment stations. Those operations impose technological measures ensuring efficient functioning regardless the service conditions.
The Perception of Viticultural Landscapes as a Method of Promoting and Supporting Local Economic Activities Through Multifunctional Landscapes
Authors: Hoble Adela , Popescu Daniela , Bunea Claudiu , Cluzeau Daniel , Guernion Muriel , Nicolai Annegret , Fertil Alben , Winter Silvia , Zaller Johann , Guzmán Gema 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
The perception of landscape and consumption behaviour in relation to landscape was estimated using a questionnaire-based survey with 17 photographs: 15 photos from Romanian representative landscape units, 1 photo representing a foreign landscape (Hungary), and 1 marketing photo. The photo documentation was conducted in sixteen vineyards ecosystems from Târnave Viticultural Region - Transylvania (NW-Romania). The most representative landscape was the photo that had the specifications and criteria: low practices intensity with low landscape complexity; and the less representative landscape was the photo that had the specifications and criteria: photo capturing hiking, walking, tourism, and recreational activities in a viticulture landscape. The landscape could influence the following aspects of communities’ livelihood: establishments and development of enterprises, tourism and recreation businesses, and the place to live. The words used by interviewed people to point out the landscape were interpreted from the point of view of the concept of multifunctionality.