bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Framework for Educator Storytelling
Authors: Sabio Cristan , Petges Nancy 
Published: August 2018

Background
Delivering content in an interactive manner presented a specific challenge in a medical-surgical course. Storytelling, using an SBARR (Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendation, Review) format, emerged as a means to deliver content in an interactive and engaging manner.

Purpose
The purposes were to provide a framework for effective educator storytelling in the nursing classroom and after implementation of the framework, to gather student perceptions of the effectiveness of the SBARR framework.

Methods
A 2-stage qualitative methods approach using Bengtsson's method of thematic content analysis was chosen for the pilot study. Content analysis and a descriptive survey were used to gather student perceptions of the SBARR framework.

Results
Five themes emerged: stay engaged, retain material, comprehend concepts, relate theory to practice, and develop critical thinking.

Conclusions
Nurse educators seeking to improve effectiveness while capitalizing on their wealth of experience from clinical practice may benefit from the use of storytelling using the SBARR format.
Acute-Onset Flaccid Hemiparesis in a 9-Year-Old Boy With Presumed Enteroviral Infection
Authors: Kline Jaclyn N. , Whitehead Matthew T. , Atabaki Shireen M. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
In the summer and autumn of 2014, a cluster of cases of flaccid paralysis were seen in the United States related to patients infected with enterovirus D68 (EV-D68). We present here a case of acute-onset flaccid hemiparesis in a previously healthy boy with altered mental status, hypothermia, and bowel incontinence.
Clinical Suspicion and Language Translation in the Pediatric Emergency Department
Authors: Bravo Michael , Lim Rodrick , Poonai Naveen , Chen Breanna 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Elucidating a medical history and gaining patient consent and buy-in are difficult in any teenager presenting to a North American pediatric emergency department, but especially so when they present with limited English fluency. Translators can make this process easier, but both limited availability and impreciseness in translation can reduce their utility. We describe 2 teenage females who presented to our pediatric emergency department within 48 hours with similar presentations but no obvious organic cause or examination findings to suggest a specific diagnosis. We demonstrate how complex language translation issues in these adolescents contributed to prolonged diagnoses and advocate for independent interpreters to be available on first presentation to hospital.
Intimacy as Related to Cortisol Reactivity and Recovery in Couples Undergoing Psychosocial Stress
Authors: Ditzen Beate , Germann Janine , Meuwly Nathalie , Bradbury Thomas N. , Bodenmann Guy , Heinrichs Markus 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACT

Objective
The importance of recovery from stress is evident in times of high prevalence of stress-related diseases. Intimacy has been found to buffer psychobiological stress reactivity, suggesting that emotional and physical closeness might trigger biological mechanisms that underlie the health-beneficial effects of couple relationships. Here, we investigated whether couples' spontaneous expression of intimacy before and after psychosocial stress exposure in the laboratory reduced cortisol reactivity and accelerated recovery.

Methods
Data from 183 couples (366 individuals) were analyzed. Couples were randomly assigned to one of the following three experimental conditions: only the female partner (n = 62), only the male partner (n = 61), or both partners were stressed in parallel (n = 60) with the Trier Social Stress Test. Couples' behavior was videotaped and coded for expressions of intimacy, and saliva samples were taken repeatedly (nine times) to analyze cortisol levels before and after stress. Data were analyzed using hierarchical linear modeling.

Results
Observed partner intimacy reduced cortisol responses to stress in women (B = −0.016, SE = 0.006, p = .008), although this effect was eliminated among women using oral contraceptives. Observed partner intimacy also reliably accelerated cortisol recovery in men (B = −0.002, SE = 0.001, p = .023) and women (B = −0.002, SE = 0.001, p = .016).

Conclusions
Spontaneous nonverbal expressions of intimacy seem to regulate the effects of acute environmental demands on established biological indices of stress response.
Fosfomycin-trometamol for Urinary Tract Infections in Kidney Transplant Recipients
Authors: ten Doesschate Thijs , van Werkhoven Henri , Meijvis Sabine , Stalenhoef Janneke , van Zuilen Arjan , de Vries Aiko , Bonten Marc 
Published: August 2018

Background.
The treatment of urinary tract infections (UTIs) in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) with oral antibiotics is complicated by increasing resistance to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, and ciprofloxacin. Fosfomycin-trometamol (FT) could be an alternative, but evidence on clinical effectiveness is scarce. We evaluated the use, effectiveness and safety of FT for UTI in KTRs.

Methods.
Data were retrospectively collected in 2 Dutch transplant hospitals from adult KTRs that were treated with FT as initial treatment for lower UTI or asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) or as stepdown treatment for upper UTI after initial intravenous antibiotics. Exclusion criteria were in vitro resistance to FT or concomitant antibiotic treatment. Endpoints were clinical cure within 14 days and severe clinical failure, microbiological cure, relapse, recurrence, and acquired resistance within 90 days postend of treatment.

Results.
Fifty-three episodes in 40 KTRs were included (ASB, n = 15; lower UTI, n = 33; upper UTI, n = 5). Fosfomycin-trometamol was used for a median short duration in a heterogeneous gift interval. Fosfomycin-trometamol resulted in microbiological cure in 25%, 28%, and 100% of ASB, lower UTI and upper UTI with initial positive culture and follow-up culture performed, respectively. Clinical cure rates were 67% for lower UTI and 80% for upper UTI. Relapses or recurrences occurred in 31% and 24% of symptomatic UTI episodes, without severe clinical failure. Acquired resistance to fosfomycin was observed in 6 episodes.

Conclusions.
Fosfomycin-trometamol has a reasonable effectiveness as last-resort oral treatment for lower UTI and stepdown treatment for upper UTI in KTRs. Randomized controlled trials with optimal dosage regimens are warranted. Use of FT is not recommended for ASB.
Donor-derived Cell-free DNA Identifies Antibody-mediated Rejection in Donor Specific Antibody Positive Kidney Transplant Recipients
Authors: Jordan Stanley C. , Bunnapradist Suphamai , Bromberg Jonathan S. , Langone Anthony J. , Hiller David , Yee James P. , Sninsky John J. , Woodward Robert N. , Matas Arthur J. 
Published: August 2018

Background
Elevated levels of donor-derived cell-free DNA (dd-cfDNA) in the plasma of renal allograft recipients indicates organ injury and an increased probability of active rejection. Donor-specific antibodies (DSA) to HLA antigens are associated with risk of antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR). This study assessed the combined use of dd-cfDNA and DSA testing to diagnose active ABMR.

Methods
Donor-derived cell-free DNA was assayed in 90 blood samples with paired DSA and clinically indicated biopsies from 87 kidney transplant patients. Sixteen cases met criteria for active ABMR. Performance characteristics of dd-cfDNA for diagnosis of active ABMR were determined for samples with prior or current positive DSA (DSA+, n = 33).

Results
The median level of dd-cfDNA (2.9%) in DSA+ patients with active ABMR was significantly higher than the median level (0.34%) in DSA+ patients without ABMR (P < 0.001). The median level of dd-cfDNA in DSA− patients was 0.29%. The positive predictive value of dd-cfDNA (at 1%) to detect active ABMR in DSA+ patients was 81%, whereas the negative predictive value was 83%. The positive predictive value for DSA+ alone was 48%.

Conclusions
The combined use of dd-cfDNA and DSA testing may improve the noninvasive diagnosis of active ABMR in kidney transplant patients. Patients with dd-cfDNA+/ DSA+ results have a high probability of active ABMR.
A search for snail-related answers to explain differences in response ofSchistosoma mansonito praziquantel treatment among responding and persistent hotspot villages along the Kenyan shore of Lake Victoria
Authors: Mutuku M. W. , Laidemitt M. R. , Beechler B. R. , Mwangi I. N. , Otiato F. O. , Agola E. L. , Ochanda H. , Kamel B. , Mkoji G. M. , Steinauer M. L. , Loker E. S. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractFollowing a four-year annual praziquantel treatment campaign the resulting prevalence ofS. mansoniwas seen to differ among individual villages along the Kenyan shore of Lake Victoria. We have investigated possible inherent differences in snail-related aspects of transmission among such 10 villages, including six persistent hotspot (PHS) villages (≤30% reduction in prevalence following repeated treatments) located along the west-facing shore of the lake, and four PZQ-responding (RESP) villages (>30% prevalence reduction following repeated treatment) along Winam Gulf. When taking into account all sampling sites and times and water hyacinth presence/absence, shoreline-associatedB. sudanicafrom PHS and RESP villages did not differ in relative abundance or prevalence ofS. mansoniinfection. Water hyacinth intrusions were associated with increasedB. sudanicaabundance. The deeper water snailBiomphalaria choanomphalawas significantly more abundant in the PHS villages and prevalence ofS. mansoniamong villages both before and after control was positively correlated withB. choanomphalaabundance. Worm recoveries from sentinel mice did not differ between PHS and RESP villages, and abundance of non-schistosome trematode species was not associated withS. mansoniabundance.Biomphalaria choanomphalaprovides an alternative, deepwater mode of transmission that may favor greater persistence ofS. mansoniin PHS villages. As we found evidence for ongoingS. mansonitransmission in all 10 villages, we conclude conditions conducive for transmission and reinfection occur ubiquitously. This argues for an integrated, basin-wide plan for schistosomiasis control to counteract rapid reinfections facilitated by large snail populations and movements of infected people around the lake.
Metformin Intervention Prevents Cardiac Dysfunction in a murine model of Adult Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Wilmanns Julia C. , Pandey Raghav , Hon Olivia , Chandran Anjana , Schilling Jan M. , Wu Qizhu , Cagnone Gael , Bais Preeti , Phillip Vivek , Kocalis Heidi , Archer Stuart K. , Pearson James T. , Ramialison Mirana , Heineke Joerg , Patel Hemal H. , Rosenthal Nadia A. , Furtado Milena B. , Costa Mauro W. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractCongenital heart disease (CHD) is the most frequent birth defect worldwide and the number of adult patients with CHD, now referred to as ACHD, is increasing. However the mechanisms whereby ACHD predisposes patients to heart dysfunction are still unclear. ACHD is strongly associated with metabolic syndrome, but how ACHD interacts with poor modern lifestyle choices and other comorbidities, such as hypertension, obesity and diabetes, is mostly unknown. Using a genetic mouse model of ACHD we showed that ACHD mice placed under metabolic stress (high fat diet) displayed decreased heart function. Comprehensive physiological, biochemical and molecular analysis showed that ACHD hearts exhibited early changes in energy metabolism that preceded cardiac dysfunction. Restoration of metabolic balance by metformin prevented the development of heart dysfunction in ACHD mice. This study reveals that early metabolic impairment reinforces heart dysfunction in ACHD predisposed individuals and diet or pharmacological interventions can be used to modulate heart function and attenuate heart failure and may be an important avenue for intervention in ACHD.
How to design an optimal sensor network for the unfolded protein response
Authors: Stroberg Wylie , Aktin Hadar , Savir Yonatan , Schnell Santiago 
Published: August 2018

AbstractCellular protein homeostasis requires continuous monitoring of stress in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Stress detection networks control protein homeostasis by mitigating the deleterious effects of protein accumulation, such as aggregation and misfolding, with precise modulation of chaperone production. Here, we develop a coarse model of the unfolded protein response in yeast, and use multi-objective optimization to determine which sensing and activation strategies optimally balance the trade-off between unfolded protein accumulation and chaperone production. By comparing a stress-sensing mechanism that responds directly to the level of unfolded protein in the ER to a mechanism that is negatively regulated by unbound chaperones, we show that chaperone-mediated sensors are more efficient than sensors that detect unfolded proteins directly. This results from the chaperone-mediated sensor having separate thresholds for activation and deactivation. Lastly, we demonstrate that a sensor responsive to both unfolded protein and unbound chaperone does not further optimize homeostatic control. Our results suggest a strategy for designing stress sensors and may explain why BiP-mitigated ER stress sensing networks have evolved.
Developmental Dynamics of Green Fluorescent Chromatophores in the Daggerblade Grass Shrimp, Palaemonetes Pugio Holthuis, 1949 (Decapoda, Caridea, Palaemonidae)
Authors: Phelps M. P. 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACTThe daggerblade grass shrimp,Palaemonetes pugioHolthuis 1949 relies heavily on transparency as the primary form of camouflage yet possess several types of pigmented chromatophores located throughout the body. A distinct sub-population of yellow/white chromatophores have been discovered to exhibit brilliant green fluorescence. These cells develop in the embryo and are the primary chromatophore present in larval organisms. Post-larval grass shrimp undergo a major restructuring of the pattern and morphology of fluorescent chromatophores after metamorphosis with chromatophores found uniformly distributed throughout the body and at high concentration on the hepatopancreas and the eye stalks. In adultP. pugiothe number of fluorescent chromatophores is significantly reduced and fluorescence is limited to only a subset of these chromatophores. The novel fluorescent properties of these cells, there relatively high abundance during early life stages, and pattern of development, suggest important cellular functions for these fluorescent chromatophores in grass shrimp.
Single cell dynamics of embryonic muscle progenitor cells in zebrafish
Authors: Sharma Priyanka , Ruel Tyler D. , Kocha Katrinka M. , Liao Shan , Huang Peng 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACTMuscle stem cells hold a great therapeutic potential in regenerating damaged muscles. However, the in vivo behavior of muscle stem cells during muscle growth and regeneration is still poorly understood. Using zebrafish as a model, we describe the in vivo dynamics and function of dermomyotome cells, a population of embryonic muscle progenitor cells. Dermomyotome cells are located in a superficial layer external to muscle fibers and express many extracellular matrix (ECM) genes including col1a2. Utilizing a new col1a2 transgenic line, we show that dermomyotome cells display a ramified morphology with dynamic cellular processes. Cell lineage tracing demonstrates that col1a2+ dermomyotome cells contribute to normal muscle growth as well as muscle injury repair. Combination of live imaging and single cell clonal analysis reveals a highly-choreographed process of muscle regeneration. Activated dermomyotome cells change from the quiescent ramified morphology to a polarized and elongated morphology and generate daughter cells that fuse with existing muscle fibers. Ablation of the dermomyotome severely compromises muscle injury repair. Our work provides a dynamic view of embryonic muscle progenitor cells during zebrafish muscle regeneration.Summary statementLive imaging and single cell clonal analysis reveal dynamic behaviors of zebrafish embryonic muscle progenitor cells in quiescence and activation.
Altered Bacteria-Fungi Inter-Kingdom Network in Gut of Ankylosing Spondylitis Patients
Authors: Li Ming , Dai Bingbing , Tang Yawei , Lei Lei , Li Ningning , Liu Chang , Ge Teng , Zhang Lilong , Xu Yao , Hu Yuqi , Li Pengfei , Zhang Yan , Yuan Jieli , Li Xia 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACTIntestinal bacterial dysbiosis has been increasingly linked to Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS), which is a prototypic and best studied subtype of Spondyloarthritis (SpA). Fungi and bacteria coexist in human gut and interact with each other, although they have been shown to contribute actively to health or diseases, no studies have investigated whether fungal microbiota in AS patients is perturbed. In this study, fecal samples of 22 AS patients, with clinical and radiographic assessments, and 16 healthy controls (HCs) were collected to systematically characterize the gut microbiota and mycobiota in AS patients by 16S rDNA and ITS2-based DNA sequencing. The relationships between therapeutic regimens, disease activity, radiographic damage of AS and gut micro/mycobiome were investigated. Our results showed a distinct mycobiota pattern in AS in addition to microbiota dysbiosis. The gut mycobiome of AS patients was characterized by higher taxonomic levels ofAscomycota, especially the class ofDothideomycetes, and decreased abundance ofBasidiomycota, which was mainly contributed by the decease ofAgaricales. Compared to HCs, changing of the ITS2/16S biodiversity ratio, and bacteria-fungi interkingdom network were observed in AS patients. Alteration of gut mycobiota was associated with different therapeutic regimens, disease activity, as well as different degrees of radiographic damage. Moreover, we unraveled a disease-specific interkingdom network alteration in AS. Finally, we also identified some trends suggesting that different therapeutic regimens may induce changing of both bacterial and fungal microbiota in AS.IMPORTANCEHuman gut is colonized by diverse fungi (mycobiome), and they have long been suspected in the pathogenesis of Spondyloarthritis (SpA). Our study unraveled a disease-specific interkingdom network alteration in AS, suggesting that fungi, or the interkingdom interactions between bacteria and fungi, may play an essential role in AS development. However, limited by sample size and indeep mechanism studies, further large scale investigations on the characterization of gut mycobiome in AS patients are needed to form a foundation for research into the relationship between mycobiota dysbiosis and AS development.
Dynamin is required for efficient cytomegalovirus maturation and envelopment
Authors: Hasan Mohammad H. , Davis Leslie E. , Bollavarapu Ratna K. , Mitra Dipanwita , Parmar Rinkuben , Tandon Ritesh 
Published: August 2018

AbstractCytomegalovirus secondary envelopment occurs in a virus-induced cytoplasmic assembly compartment (vAC) generated via a drastic reorganization of the membranes of the secretory and endocytic systems. Dynamin is a eukaryotic GTPase that is implicated in membrane remodeling and endocytic membrane fission events; however, the role of dynamin in cellular trafficking of viruses beyond virus entry is only partially understood. Mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEF) engineered to excise all three isoforms of dynamin were infected with mouse cytomegalovirus (MCMV-K181). Immediate early (IE1; m123) viral protein was detected in these triple dynamin knockout (TKO) cells as well as in mock-induced parental MEF at early times post infection although levels were reduced in TKO cells, indicating that virus entry was affected but not eliminated. Levels of IE1 protein and another viral early protein (m04) were normalized by 48 hours post infection; however, late protein (m55; gB) expression was significantly reduced in infected TKO cells compared to parental MEF. Ultrastructural analysis revealed intact stages of nuclear virus maturation in both cases with equivalent numbers of nucleocapsids containing packaged viral DNA (C-capsids) indicating successful viral DNA replication, capsid assembly and genome packaging. Most importantly, severe defects in virus envelopment were visualized in TKO cells but not in parental cells. Dynamin inhibitor (dynasore) treated MEF showed a phenotype similar to TKO cells upon MCMV infection confirming the role of dynamin in late maturation processes. In summary, dynamin-mediated endocytic pathways are critical for the completion of cytoplasmic stages of cytomegalovirus maturation.ImportanceViruses are known to exploit specific cellular functions at different stages of their life cycle in order to replicate, avoid immune recognition by the host and to establish a successful infection. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infected cells are characterized by a prominent cytoplasmic inclusion (virus assembly compartment; vAC) that is the site of virus maturation and envelopment. While endocytic membranes are known to be the functional components of vAC, knowledge of specific endocytic pathways implicated in CMV maturation and envelopment is lacking. Here we show that dynamin, which is an integral part of host endocytic machinery, is largely dispensable for early stages of CMV infection but is required at a late stage of CMV maturation. Studies on dynamin function in CMV infection will help us understand the host-virus interaction pathways amenable to targeting by conventional small molecules as well as by newer generation nucleotide-based therapeutics (e.g. siRNA, CRISPR/CAS gRNA, etc.).