bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENENTUAN KURVA BAKU UJI FARMAKOKINETIK TETRA HIDROXY ETHYL DISULPHAT (THES) PADA KELINCI (Orytolagus cuniculus), MARMUT (Cavia porcellus) , DAN TIKUS (Rattus novergicus)
Authors: Yolandari Sri , Wahyudin Elly , Rifai Yusnita 
Published: June 2019

Tetra hydroxy ethyl disulfate (THES) merupakan salah satu senyawa hasil sintesis yang baru ditemukan dan memiliki efek sebagai antibiotik yang dapat mengatasi masalah resistensi pada bakteri dengan mekanisme kerja merusak dinding sel bakteri dengan cara mengikat peptidoglikan yang ada pada dinding sel bakteri dengan ligan sulfat yang ada pada THES. Senyawa THES sangat dibutuhkan saat ini dan potensial untuk diproduksi oleh industri. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan kurva baku pada THES pada kelinci (Oryctolagus cuniculus), marmut (Cavia porcellus) dan tikus (Rattus novergicus). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan, diperoleh kondisi optimum pemisahan menggunakan metode eluasi gradien dengan komposisi fase gerak buffer phosphat : asetonitril dengan perbandingan 7 : 3 dan laju alir 1 ml/menit. Untuk panjang gelombang analisis terpilih yaitu panjang gelombang 254 nm, dan waktu retensi 2,3 menit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Nilai regresi dari kurva baku larutan THES pada hewan uji kelinci sebesar 0,943 dengan persamaan y = 22857x + 1265, pada hewan uji marmut sebesar 0,835 dengan persamaan y =2963.x - 10817, pada hewan uji tikus sebesar 0,906 dengan persamaan y = 56586x - 11474. Adanya perbedaan yang diperoleh dengan literatur yang ada kemungkinan disebabkan adanya zat pengotor dari larutan uji, namun namun hasil ini tidak terlalu jauh dari literatur yang ada, sehingga masih dapat digunakan sebagai acuan.
STUDI HISTOPATOLOGI ORGAN HATI DAN GINJAL DARI TIKUS PUTIH (Rattus novergicus) SETELAH PEMBERIAN DOSIS TUNGGAL DAN BERULANG EKSTRAK ETANOL PARANG ROMANG (Boehmeria virgata (FORST) GUILL)
Authors: Intan A Endang Kusuma , Manggau Marinati A , Cangara Husni 
Published: June 2019

Penelitian invitro tentang aktivitas antiproliferatif daun Parang Romang (Boehmeria Virgata (Forst) Guill) telah diteliti pada sel Hela, untuk itu perlu dilakukan uji toksisitas untuk menentukan dosis dan keamanan dari tanaman tersebut pada hewan uji. Salah satu paramater dari uji toksisitas adalah pengamatan terhadap gambaran histopatologi organ. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk pengaruh setelah pemberian dosis tunggal dan berulang ekstrak etanol daun parang romang terhadap perubahan histopatologi pada organ hati dan ginjal dari tikus putih jantan dan betina (Rattus novergicus). Pada pemberian dosis tunggal tikus dibagi menjadi 3 kelompok yaitu kelompok kontrol, kelompok 2000 mg/kg BB, dan kelompok 5000 mg/kg BB kemudian dilakukan pengamatan selama 14 hari dan dikorbankan pada hari ke 15. Sedangkan pada pemberian dosis berulang selama 28 hari terdapat 4 kelompok, yaitu kelompok kontrol, kelompok 250 mg/kg BB, kelompok 500 mg/kg BB, dan kelompok 1000 mg/kg BB dan dikorbankan pada hari ke 29. Semua kelompok kontrol hanya diberikan akuades. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh setelah pemberian dosis tunggal dan berulang ekstrak etanol daun parang romang (Boehmeria virgata Linn (Forst) Guill) terhadap gambaran histopatologi organ hati dan ginjal berupa degenerasi hidrofik dan pembesaran glomerulus dengan derajat kerusakan ringan sampai sedang, baik pada tikus putih jantan maupun betina (Rattus novergicus).
KAJIAN PENGGUNAAN CAPTOPRIL DAN RAMIPRIL TERHADAP PARAMETER FUNGSI GINJAL PADA PASIEN CHF
Authors: Pascayantri Asniar , Wahyudin Elly , Kasim Hasyim 
Published: June 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji penggunaan inhibitor ACE (Angiotensin Converting Enzyme) yaitu captopril dan ramipril pada pasien CHF berdasarkan outcome terhadap parameter fungsi ginjal di bagian PJT (Pusat Jantung Terpadu) RSUP Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Makassar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek perubahan inhibitor ACE terhadap parameter fungsi ginjal yang terjadi pada pasien CHF. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian observasional non eksperimen dengan rancangan deskriptif-analitik, yang mencapai jumlah 40 orang sampel. Data yang dianalisis secara deskriptif dan statistik berupa parameter fungsi ginjal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pasien yang menggunakan inhibitor ACE kerja singkat yaitu captopril (6,25mg/8jam) adalah 20 orang (50%) dan yang mengunakan inhibitor kerja lama yaitu ramipril (5mg/24jam) sebanyak 20 orang (50%). Data parameter fungsi ginjal dianalisis dengan menggunakan SPSS 23 melalui tes distribusi normalitas dengan menggunakan uji Normality Kolmogorov-Smirnov yang diikuti dengan uji t-tes sampel berpasangan dan uji Multivariate One Way ANOVA. Hasil menunjukkan adanya perbedaan nilai sebelum dan sesudah terapi. Kejadian peningkatan fungsi ginjal lebih besar pada data serum kreatinin p<0,05 dibandingkan pada data ureum p>0,05 pada kedua kelompok terapi
PENETAPAN KURVA STANDAR SENYAWA TETRA HIDROXY ETHYL DISULPHATE (THES) DALAM PLASMA MARMUT (Cavia porcellus) MENGGUNAKAN KCKT
Authors: Zainal Tuti Handayani , Wahyudin Elly , Rifai Yusnita 
Published: June 2019

Tetra hydroxy ethyl disulphate (THES) merupakan kandidat obat baru sebagai antibiotik yang memiliki mekanisme kerja yaitu ligan sulfat yang ada pada THES akan mengikat peptidoglikan yang ada pada dinding sel bakteri menyebabkan kerusakan pada membran dinding sel bakteri. Senyawa THES ini sangat potensial untuk mengatasi resistensi antibiotik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kurva regresi linier dalam plasma marmut (Cavia porcellus). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental yang dilakukan pada bulan Mei- September 2018. Penelitian ini menggunakan marmut jantan dengan bobot 400-600 gram. Pengambilan plasma darah marmut melalui vena cava. Pengukuran kadar THES dalam plasma marmut (Cavia porcellus) menggunakan instrumen HPLC pada panjang gelombang 254 nm, fase gerak Asetonitril : Buffer fostat dan fase diam ODS C18 dengan laju alir 1mL/menit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan seri konsentrasi THES dalam plasma marmut (Cavia porcellus)10 mg/L, 20 mg/L, 30 mg/L, 40, mg/L, dan 50 mg/L berturut- turut diperoleh luas area kromatogram 37878, 27582, 82582, 111490, 157286 sehingga koefisien korelasi THES dalam plasma secara in vitro sebesar r= 0.91 dengan persamaan y = 3227,2x - 13454 dan diperoleh waktu retensi 2,3 menit. Hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa konsentrasi kadar THES dalam plasma marmut (Cavia porcellus) memenuhi uji linieritas dalam matriks biologis.
Trends in Single, Dual, and Poly Use of Alcohol, Cigarettes, and Marijuana Among US High-School Students: 1991–2017
Authors: Dai Hongying 
Published: June 2019

Objectives. To evaluate trends in patterns (single, dual, or poly) of current use of alcohol, cigarettes, and marijuana (ACM) among youths in the United States. Methods. I used data from the 1991–2017 Youth Risk Behavior Surveys (n = 203 663) to report average annual percentage change (AAPC) and linear trends of single, dual, and poly use of ACM among youths. Results. From 1991 to 2017, the prevalence of marijuana-only use increased from 0.6% to 6.3% (AAPC = 7.4) while the prevalence of use of alcohol only or cigarettes only significantly declined. Dual use of alcohol and marijuana increased from 3.6% to 7.6% (AAPC = 2.4), while dual use of alcohol and cigarettes declined from 11.8% to 1.7% (AAPC = −7.5). The prevalence of poly use of ACM declined from 9.4% to 4.4%. There is an enlarged disparity in use of marijuana only by race/ethnicity with an increase of 11.5% among non-Hispanic Blacks and an increase of 8.1% among Hispanics, compared with an increase of 3.4% among non-Hispanic Whites. Conclusions. The use patterns of ACM among youths have changed with a surge in use of marijuana only, especially among racial/ethnic minorities.
Required Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity Reporting by US Health Centers: First-Year Data
Authors: Grasso Chris , Goldhammer Hilary , Funk Danielle , King Dana , Reisner Sari L. , Mayer Kenneth H. , Keuroghlian Alex S. 
Published: June 2019

Objectives. To assess the performance of US health centers during the first year of required sexual orientation and gender identity (SOGI) data reporting and to estimate the baseline proportion of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender patients accessing health centers. Methods. We conducted a secondary analysis of SOGI data from 2016. These data were reported by 1367 US health centers caring for 25 860 296 patients in the United States and territories. Results. SOGI data were missing for 77.1% and 62.8% of patients, respectively. Among patients with data, 3.7% identified as lesbian, gay, bisexual, or something else; 0.4% identified as transgender male or female; 27.5% did not disclose their sexual orientation; and 9.3% did not disclose their gender identity. Conclusions. Although health centers had a high percentage of missing SOGI data in the first year of reporting, among those with data, the percentages of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender people were similar to national estimates, and disclosure was more than 70%. Future data collection efforts would benefit from increased training for health centers and improved messaging on the clinical benefits of SOGI data collection and reporting.
Using Census Data to Understand County-Level Differences in Overall Drug Mortality and Opioid-Related Mortality by Opioid Type
Authors: Monnat Shannon M. , Peters David J. , Berg Mark T. , Hochstetler Andrew 
Published: June 2019

Objectives. To examine associations of county-level demographic, socioeconomic, and labor market characteristics on overall drug mortality rates and specific classes of opioid mortality.Methods. We used National Vital Statistics System mortality data (2002–2004 and 2014–2016) and county-level US Census data. We examined associations between several census variables and drug deaths for 2014 to 2016. We then identified specific classes of counties characterized by different levels and rates of growth in mortality from specific opioid types between 2002 to 2004 and 2014 to 2016. We ran multivariate and multivariable regression models to predict probabilities of membership in each “opioid mortality class” on the basis of county-level census measures.Results. Drug mortality rates overall are higher in counties characterized by more economic disadvantage, more blue-collar and service employment, and higher opioid-prescribing rates. High rates of prescription opioid overdoses and overdoses involving both prescription and synthetic opioids cluster in more economically disadvantaged counties with larger concentrations of service industry workers. High heroin and “syndemic” opioid mortality counties (high rates across all major opioid types) are more urban, have larger concentrations of professional workers, and are less economically disadvantaged. Syndemic opioid counties also have greater concentrations of blue-collar workers.Conclusions. Census data are essential tools for understanding the importance of place-level characteristics on opioid mortality.Public Health Implications. National opioid policy strategies cannot be assumed universally applicable. In addition to national policies to combat the opioid and larger drug crises, emphasis should be on developing locally and regionally tailored interventions, with attention to place-based structural economic and social characteristics.
Long-Term Results of Treating Large Posttraumatic Tibial Plateau Lesions with Fresh Osteochondral Allograft Transplantation
Authors: Abolghasemian Mansour , León Sebastián , Lee Paul T.H. , Safir Oleg , Backstein David , Gross Allan E. , Kuzyk Paul R.T. 
Published: June 2019

Background:
The use of fresh osteochondral allograft (FOCA) transplantation is a treatment option for large posttraumatic tibial osteochondral defects in young, high-demand patients. We aimed to assess the long-term outcomes of this procedure and factors impacting graft survivorship.

Methods:
Evaluated were patients with a posttraumatic tibial plateau defect of >3 cm in diameter and >1 cm in depth who were treated with use of a FOCA, with or without a realignment osteotomy, before September 2007. The primary outcome was survivorship according to Kaplan-Meier analysis, with conversion to arthroplasty or another allograft procedure as the end point. The secondary outcome was the functional outcome of knees with a surviving FOCA, as assessed using the modified Hospital for Special Surgery (mHSS) scoring system. Multivariate Cox regression analysis of the role of potential variables was performed for both outcomes.

Results:
Included were 113 patients (67 female) with a mean age at the time of the index surgery of 43 years (range, 24 to 72 years) and a mean follow-up of 13.8 years (range, 1.7 to 34 years). Forty-eight conversions to arthroplasty or another FOCA procedure had been performed at a mean of 11.6 years (range, 1.7 to 34 years) after the index surgery. The remaining 65 patients had a mean follow-up of 15.5 years (range, 4.3 to 31.7 years). The mean mHSS score among those with a surviving FOCA was 85.5 (range, 56 to 100) at the most recent follow-up, which was significantly higher than the preoperative value of 69 (range, 48 to 85) (p < 0.001). Graft survivorship was 90% at 5 years, 79% at 10 years, 64% at 15 years, and 47% at 20 years. Complications included infection (1.8%), nonunion (0.9%), and knee pain from hardware (8.8%). Multivariate analysis revealed that older age at the time of surgery, involvement of the medial plateau, and a higher number of previous surgeries were inversely associated with graft survivorship. Having a Workers’ Compensation file was associated with less improvement in the mHSS score, and the score tended to decline over time for knees with a surviving FOCA.

Conclusions:
FOCA transplantation is a viable option for posttraumatic tibial osteochondral defects, with satisfactory survivorship and functional outcome. Although approximately half of the patients in our study demonstrated graft failure by 20 years, FOCA was an excellent option that delayed the need for arthroplasty. Older patients, those with medial defects, and those with multiple previous surgeries had a less favorable prognosis.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Vitamin D receptor genetic polymorphisms were associated with oral lichen planus susceptibility in Chinese Han population
Authors: Shen Hong , Liu Qinglan , Huang Peng , Fan Haozhi , Zang Feng , Liu Mei , Zhuo Lingyun , Wu Jingjing , Wu Guoying , Yu Rongbin , Yang Jianrong 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Vitamin D receptor (VDR) is involved in multiple immune-mediated disorders including Oral lichen planus (OLP). This study was aimed to investigate the association between VDR gene polymorphisms and the risk of OLP. 177 OLP patients and 207 healthy participants were recruited from Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University. Eight single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs: rs731236, rs739837, rs757343, rs2107301, rs2239185, rs7975232, rs11574129 and rs11568820) on the VDR gene were selected and genotyped. The results showed that the OLP risk was increased in subjects with the rs2239185 TT genotype (Recessive model: adjusted OR = 2.68, 95% CI = 1.28-5.62, P = 0.009) and rs7975232 CC genotype (Recessive model: adjusted OR = 2.25, 95% CI = 1.10-4.58, P = 0.026). And the significant cumulative effects on OLP risk were found in rs2239185 and rs7975232 (P < 0.01). The haplotype analysis showed that haplotype CC (rs2239185-rs7975232) was associated with increased OLP risk (OR =3.11, 95% CI = 1.42-6.83, P = 0.005), compared with haplotype AC. In conclusion, the variants of VDR rs2239185 and rs7975232 may influence the OLP susceptibility and VDR gene polymorphisms may be the candidate susceptibility region of OLP in Chinese Han population.
The Effects of Smoking-Cessation Counseling Based on the Stages-of-Change Model in Dental Patients; Semi-Experimental Study
Authors: Ghorbani Zahra , Ahmady Arezoo Ebn , Hosseini Zahra , Azimi Somayyeh 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Background

Dentists may take part in smoking cessation counseling of dental patients by using the time they are engaged in dental procedures and by emphasizing on oral manifestations of smoking. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of smoking cessation counseling by a dentist on preparation for change to quit smoking in smoker patients.

Methods

This study was performed on 150 smoking patients admitted to Dental School of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical sciences, Tehran, Iran. The patients were randomly divided into two groups of 75 patients. The intervention group received smoking cessation counseling by a single senior dental student. A self-administered questionnaire containing questions regarding the position of the individual in change cycle stages was completed by both intervention and control group at baseline and at one-month follow up. For statistical analysis, paired t-tests, Mann-Whitney U and multivariate linear regression models was used with a significance level of P<0.05.

Results

At baseline, there were no significant differences between the intervention and control groups in terms of change cycle stages of smoking cessation. Also, there was no significant difference between change cycle stages at baseline and one-month follow up in control group; but this difference in intervention group was significant (p=0.006). The proportion of patients in the pre-contemplation stage decreased by 43% while the proportion of patients in the contemplation and action stages increased by 20% and 16% respectively.

Conclusions

The smoking cessation counseling enhances forward movement through the stages-of-change of smoking cessation. Measurement of this movement may be an important intermediary in evaluating small clinical trials of counseling.
The effects of volume of interest delineation on MRI-based radiomics analysis: evaluation with two disease groups
Authors: Zhang Xiao , Zhong Liming , Zhang Bin , Zhang Lu , Du Haiyan , Lu Lijun , Zhang Shuixing , Yang Wei , Feng Qianjin 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Background

Manual delineation of volume of interest (VOI) is widely used in current radiomics analysis, suffering from high variability. The tolerance of delineation differences and possible influence on each step of radiomics analysis are not clear, requiring quantitative assessment. The purpose of our study was to investigate the effects of delineation of VOIs on radiomics analysis for the preoperative prediction of metastasis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and sentinel lymph node (SLN) metastasis in breast cancer.

Methods

This study retrospectively enrolled two datasets (NPC group: 238 cases; SLN group: 146 cases). Three operations, namely, erosion, smoothing, and dilation, were implemented on the VOIs accurately delineated by radiologists to generate diverse VOI variations. Then, we extracted 2068 radiomics features and evaluated the effects of VOI differences on feature values by the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC). Feature selection was conducted by Maximum Relevance Minimum Redundancy combined with 0.632+ bootstrap algorithms. The prediction performance of radiomics models with random forest classifier were tested on an independent validation cohort by the area under the receive operating characteristic curve (AUC).

Results

The larger the VOIs changed, the fewer features with high ICCs. Under any variation, SLN group showed fewer features with ICC ≥ 0.9 compared with NPC group. Not more than 15% top-predictive features identical to the accurate VOIs were observed across feature selection. The differences of AUCs of models derived from VOIs across smoothing or dilation with 3 pixels were not statistically significant compared with the accurate VOIs (p > 0.05) except for T2-weighted fat suppression images (smoothing: 0.845 vs. 0.725, p = 0.001; dilation: 0.800 vs. 0.725, p = 0.042). Dilation with 5 and 7 pixels contributed to remarkable AUCs in SLN group but the opposite in NPC group. The radiomics models did not perform well when tested by data from other delineations.

Conclusions

Differences in delineation of VOIs affected radiomics analysis, related to specific disease and MRI sequences. Differences from smooth delineation or expansion with 3 pixels width around the tumors or lesions were acceptable. The delineation for radiomics analysis should follow a predefined and unified standard.
“I lost close friends when they realized I had TB” – The lived experiences of TB patients in Nairobi City County, Kenya
Authors: Gateri Alex Muriithi , Nyamongo Isaac , Ziraba Abdhalah 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Background

Tuberculosis is a global public health problem with serious health and social implications which produce unique experiences for the patients. Understanding the lived experiences of TB patients is important for appropriate and successful TB interventions. Unsuccessful treatment has grave public health consequences at individual and community levels.

Methods

Qualitative study using 40 narratives of TB patients, 40 home observations, and key informant interviews with 4 TB health care providers using an interpretive phenomenology. The 40 TB patients were interviewed twice, first at the healthcare facility with a follow-up interview in their homes.

Results

Socio-economic, structural and medication related factors shape the experiences of TB patients. Social factors such as stigma, lack of family and other social support influence the lived experiences of TB patients. TB treatment challenges such as side effects and financial constraints also shape the experiences of the patients. Although there is good patient-healthcare provider relationship, patients have to deal with long treatment regimens and the long queues when seeking treatment services in health facilities.

Conclusions

TB management programs should account for factors that influence the lived experience of TB patients to facilitate effective treatment. Many of these factors are barriers to effective treatment and management TB patients. Provision of social and family support, addressing stigma, counseling and addressing structural barriers may influence the patients’ positive experience and promote treatment adherence for successful TB management.