Antidiabetic effect of Centella asiatica extract (whole plant) in streptozotocin nicotinamide-induced diabetic rats
Authors: Muhlishoh Arwin , Wasita Brian , Patriado Nuhriawangsa Adi Magna 
Published: July 2019

<p><strong>ABSTRAK</strong></p><p><strong>Latar belakang:</strong> Pegagan (<em>Centella asiatica</em>) telah digunakan untuk pengobatan diabetes mellitus. Namun dosis efek anti diabetes ini belum diteliti.</p><p><strong>Tujuan:</strong> Untuk menguji pengaruh variasi dosis ekstrak pegagan (seluruh bagian tanaman) terhadap kadar gula darah, asupan makanan, dan berat badan pada tikus model diabetes mellitus yang diinduksi Streptozotocin Nicotinamide.</p><p><strong>Metode:</strong> Tiga puluh enam tikus Wistar jantan dibagi menjadi enam kelompok perlakuan berbeda: kontrol negatif, kontrol positif, kontrol obat (metformin 45 mg/KgBB/hari), ekstrak pegagan 300 mg/KgBB/hari, 600 mg/KgBB/hari, 1200 mg / KgBB / hari. Pemberian ekstrak pegagan (seluruh bagian tanaman) dan metformin dilakukan selama 28 hari. Kadar gula darah dianalisis menggunakan Glucose Oxidase Phenol Aminoantipyrina Peroxidase (GOD-PAP) sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan. Berat badan dan asupan makanan diukur setiap satu minggu. Data dianalisis menggunakan One Way ANOVA dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95%.</p><p><strong>Hasil:</strong> Pemberian variasi dosis ekstrak pegagan dan metformin secara signifikan menurunkan kadar gula darah, meningkatkan berat badan dan memperbaiki asupan makanan (p = 0,00). Kadar gula darah dan asupan makanan pada kelompok ekstrak pegagan (seluruh bagian tanaman) dosis tinggi (1200 mg / KgBB / hari) lebih baik dibanding kelompok dosis rendah (300 mg / KgBB / hari) dan kelompok dosis sedang (600 mg / hari), dan memiliki efek yang sama dengan tikus yang diobati dengan metformin 45 mg / KgBB / hari.</p><p><strong>Kesimpulan:</strong> Dosis tinggi ekstrak pegagan (1200 mg/KgBB/hari) memiliki efek anti-diabetes yang lebih baik dibanding dosis lain, dan memiliki efek yang sama dengan kontrol obat.</p><p><strong>KATA KUNCI:</strong> gula darah, diabetes, pegagan, Streptozotocin nicotinamide</p><p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p><strong> Background:</strong> <em>Centella </em>asiatica has been used for healing diabetes mellitus. The dosage of this anti diabetic effect was yet to be explored.</p><p><strong>Objectives:</strong> To examine the effect of the variation in the dosage of C. asiatica extract (whole plant) on blood glucose levels, food intake, and body weight in Streptozotocin Nicotinamide induced diabetic rats.</p><p><strong>Methods:</strong> Thirty-six male Wistar rat were divided into six different groups of treatments: negative control, positive control, medication control (metformin 45 mg/KgBW/day), extract of<em> C. asiatica</em> 300 mg/KgBW/day, 600 mg/KgBW/day, 1200 mg/KgBW/day. Treatments of <em>C. asiatic</em>a extract (whole plant) and metformin was done for 28 days. Blood glucose was analyzed using the Glucose Oxidase Phenol Aminoantipyrina Peroxidase (GOD-PAP) before and after treatment. Body weight and food intake were measured every one week. The data were analyzed using One Way ANOVA with 95% confidence level.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> The administration of the variation in the dosage of <em>C. asiatica</em> extract and metformin significantly decrease blood glucose levels, increase body weight and improve food intake (p =0.00). Blood glucose level and food intake among high dosage of <em>C. asiatica</em> extract (whole plant) group (1200 mg/KgBW/day) is better than the low dosage group (300 mg/KgBW/day) and moderate dosage group (600 mg/KgBW/ day), and have the same effect with the rats treated with metformin 45 mg/KgBW/day.</p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> High dosage of <em>C. asiatica</em> extract (1200 mg/KgBW/day) had a better anti-diabetic effe than other dosages, and had the same effect with the medication control.</p><p><strong>KEYWORDS:</strong> blood glucose,<em> Centella asiatica,</em> diabetes, nicotinamide, Streptozotocin</p>