bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of chronic kidney disease among young people living with HIV in Sub Saharan Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Nasuuna Esther M. , Nanyeenya Nicholus , Kibirige Davis , Izudi Jonathan , Dziva Chikwari Chido , Kalyesubula Robert , Castelnuovo Barbara , Tomlinson Laurie A. , Weiss Helen A. 
Published: November 2024

Background
Globally, the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasing among young people living with HIV (YPLHIV), with inconsistent estimates. Aggregated data on the prevalence of CKD are needed in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) to inform strategies for early diagnosis and management. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the pooled prevalence of CKD among YPLHIV in SSA.

Methods
We searched Medline/PubMed, EMBASE, African Index Medicus, and African Journals Online for articles reporting the prevalence of CKD among YPLHIV in SSA using predefined search strategies up to 15th January 2024. The reference lists of identified articles were checked for additional eligible studies. The eligibility criteria were studies among YPLHIV aged 10–24 years reporting CKD prevalence defined by either glomerular filtration rate (GFR), albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) or proteinuria. We used a narrative synthesis to report differences between the included studies. The DerSimonian-Laird random effects model was used to pool the CKD prevalence, and heterogeneity was assessed using the Cochrane Q-test and I-squared values. We assessed the risk of bias in each article using the Joanna Briggs Institute checklist and publication bias in a funnel plot and Egger’s test.

Results
Of 802 retrieved articles, 15 fulfilled the eligibility criteria and were included in the meta-analysis. Of these, 12 (80%) were cross-sectional studies that used estimated GFR to diagnose CKD. Only one study followed the standard definition of CKD. The pooled CKD prevalence from 15 studies was 12% (95% CI 6.0–19.5%), ranging from 0.8% to 53.1% according to the definition used, with a high degree of heterogeneity (I2 = 97.7%, p<0.001). The included studies were of moderate quality, with no evidence of publication bias. Sensitivity analysis showed that the findings were robust to the methodological and analytic approach.

Conclusion
CKD prevalence among YPLHIV is moderately high and highly heterogeneous across SSA. The standard definition of CKD should be used to enable estimation of CKD prevalence in different studies and settings. HIV programs enrolling YPLHIV should routinely screen for CKD to ensure early diagnosis and management.

Trial registration
PROSPERO registration number: CRD42022347588.
The dual burden of malnutrition and its associated factors among mother-child pairs at the household level in Ethiopia: An urgent public health issue demanding sector-wide collaboration
Authors: Yigezu Muluken , Oumer Abdu , Damtew Bereket , Birhanu Dereje , Getaye Workie Sewnet , Hamza Aragaw , Atle Anteneh , Kebede Natnael 
Published: November 2024

Introduction
The coexistence of under-nutrition and over-nutrition in developing countries like Ethiopia results in the "mother-child pair double burden of malnutrition," with children experiencing either stunting, wasting or underweight while mothers face overweight or obesity. This poses a major public health challenge, prompting global health organizations to prioritize the issue and urge governments to act quickly. Despite this, there is a lack of research in Ethiopia on the double burden of malnutrition among mother-child pairs at the household level and the factors that worsen it.

Objective
To assess the magnitude of double burden of malnutrition and its associated factors among mother-child pair at household level in East Ethiopia, 2022.

Method
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in East Ethiopia from April 15 to June 11, 2022. Multi-stage sampling was used, and data were collected through structured interviews. Child nutrition indicators were processed using WHO Anthro software. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed, calculating both crude and adjusted odds ratios to assess associations. Variables with a P value <0.05 in multivariable analysis were deemed statistically significant.

Result
The study revealed that coexisting malnutrition rates for (OM/SC), (OM/WC), and (OM/UC) were 8.5%, 7.0%, and 7.9% respectively. The double burden of malnutrition among mother-child pairs was found to be 12.3% [95% CI: 10.7, 13.7]. Marital status (divorced) [AOR = 1.80; 95% CI: 1.15, 2.82], child birth order (fourth or above) [AOD = 1.88; 95% CI:1.08, 3.26], number of under-five children in the household (five or more under-five children) [AOR = 1.58; 95% CI: 1.04, 2.39], poor maternal and child dietary diversity score [AOR = 2.76; 95% CI: 1.71, 4.45] and [AOR = 8.66; 95% CI: 4.85, 15.44], respectively, household food security status (food insecurity) [AOR = 3.68; 95% CI: 2.36, 5.75], and maternal stature (short stature) [AOR = 2.39; 95% CI: 1.65,3.45] were factors significantly associated with this burden.

Conclusion
The study emphasized the double burden of malnutrition affecting both mothers and children, a major public health concern in the area. Early-life nutrition is vital in preventing childhood under nutrition and adult obesity, leading to this dual burden. Breaking the cycle of malnutrition across generations is crucial. Policy makers should prioritize improving child nutrition and maternal health, stressing early-life nutrition to address the mother-child double burden of malnutrition.
Clinical, laboratory, and hospital factors associated with preoperative complications in Peruvian older adults with hip fracture
Authors: Aguirre-Milachay Edwin , León-Figueroa Darwin A. , Valladares-Garrido Mario J. 
Published: November 2024

Objectives
To determine the clinical, laboratory, and hospital factors associated with preoperative complications in older adults with hip fractures.

Methodology
Analytical observational retrospective cohort study, whose population was older adults with a diagnosis of hip fracture treated in a hospital in northern Peru, during 2017–2019.

Results
432 patients with a median age of 83 years (RIC: 77–88) were evaluated, with the female gender being the most prevalent (60.9%). The most common comorbidities included cardiovascular disease (68%) and diabetes (17.6%), and multimorbidity was observed in 47.2% of cases. The median number of geriatric syndromes was 2 (RIC: 1–5). The overall mortality rate was 3.2% (1.7–5.3). Analysis with the Poisson regression model found a significant association with MRC scale 3–5 degree (RR = 1.60), glucose on admission (RR = 1.01), and minimally significantly female sex (RR = 2.41).

Conclusions
The most commonly observed complications were infectious in nature, including pneumonia, sepsis, and urinary tract infections. The MRC scale from 3 to 5 degrees increases the risk of developing a preoperative complication; the glucose levels upon admission show a clinically irrelevant association; and in females, there is a minimally significant association in older adults with hip fractures.
HERITABILITY (h2) ESTIMATION OF CERTAIN TRAITS SERVING AS MEASURES OF VALUE IN PURE-BRED HUNGARIAN PIG POPULATIONS
Authors: CSATÓ L. , FARKAS J. , OBORNIK A. , RADNÓCZI L. , GROENEVELD E. 
Published: November 2024

The authors performed variance component estimation on Hungarian pig breeds by means of the VCE 3.2 programme developed by Groeneveld (1993). Determination of h2 value was performed for four pure-bred types and two basic hybrid lines by the application of individual models. Two covariant variables, 5 fixed effects, one random (i.e., litter) and the characteristic effect were included in the models. The databases of the Hungarian operational individual performance examination (ÜSTV) and the central station examination (HVT) were used simultaneously by the programme in the estimation process. h2 values for two traits were estimated from the ÜSTV. Values between 0.14 and 0.33 were obtained for the trait relating to growth intensity, with a low degree of estimation error (between 2 and 8 %). In the case of mean back fat thickness, which serves as an expression of slaughter value, the h2 values estimated fell into the range 0.13 to 0.33, with a standard error of 2 to 13 %. The low h2 values obtained can be attributed to the so-termed confounding phenomenon, which occurs, through the mingling of the operational and the genetic effect, at genetically closed breeding sites. In the HVT h2 values for four traits were estimated. The heritability estimates obtained were the following: for the number of days of the fattening period, 0.24 - 0.46; for the quantity of diet consumed during the trial, 0.25 - 0.55; for the quantity of the valuable meat parts, 0.39 - 0.67; and for the meat quality points total, 0.04 - 0.21. Error in the heritability estimation varied between 3.0 and 24.8 % for the first three traits, and between 14.1 and 61.6 % for the fourth. Further estimations, founded on a larger database, are planned by the authors in an endeavour to provide an explanation for the differences in h2 value observed between breeds and genotypes.
The observation of the alteration in body composition of sheep during the growth of lambs by CT
Authors: LENGYEL Attila , MEZŐSZENTGYÖRGYI Dávid , KUPAI Tímea 
Published: November 2024

Examination of the growth of three genotypes has been accomplished during our experiments. Both sexes have been examined in vivo at the body mass of 22, 30 and 38 kg by computer tomography (CT). It has been declared that the Suffolk has the smallest fat extension, while the Hungarian merino has the largest one. The fat deposition in ewe has been more extensive in every genotypes. The exactness of the estimation of fat tissue building is r2 = 0.5–0.8. The exactness of the estimation of muscle building equals to that of the fat tissue (r2 = 0.5–0.8). The exactness of the estimation (r2 = 0.2–0.8) on the basis of the CTIF index has shown great differences by genotypes. All of the rams of the three genotypes has bigger muscle and fat ratio than the ewes.
Growth rate and carcass traits in capons
Authors: TERČIČ Dušan , MALOVRH Špela , HOLCMAN Antonija 
Published: November 2024

Thirty-nine capons and slips of Slovenian provenance barred Prelux (Prelux-G) and thirty-eight capons and slips of Slovenian autochthonous Styrian breed (partridge variation) were comprised in an experiment in order to compare their growth performance and carcass traits. Prelux-G cockerels were caponized at age eight weeks, and Styrian ones at age nine weeks. They were fattened in poultry houses with free range till age thirty-three weeks on three different locations (three breeders). Body masses between capons and slips did not differ significantly at any age. Prelux-G birds were heavier than capons and slips of Styrian breed. Carcass traits were measured on a sample of eight capons and seven slips of Prelux-G, and five capons and four slips of Styrian breed. Live mass before slaughter (LM), carcass mass (CM) and fatness (percentage of abdominal fat) in capons were significantly higher than in slips. Prelux-G animals achieved significantly higher LM, CM and dressing percentage in comparison with Styrian birds (P < 0.0001). Fatness did not differ significantly between breeds. Skin colour was significantly different in capons compared to slips in lightness (L), redness (a) and yellowness (b), while only redness differed between Prelux-G and Styrian breed.
Effects of Lactobacillus acidophilus on the growth of Aspergillus ochraceus and ochratoxin A production in yoghurt
Authors: ŠKRINJAR Marija , SEDEJ Ivana , PEŠIĆ-MIKULEC Dragana 
Published: November 2024

The possibility of lowering the growth of ochratoxigenic mould Aspergillus ochraceus and synthesis of ochratoxin A (OA) by 4 % culture Lactobacillus acidophilus in yoghurt during milk fermentation, and then during the storage of yoghurt at 4, 25, 32 and 37 °C were investigated. Experiment lasted for 2, 4 and 6 days. A 4 % suspension of A.ochraceus was added to milk at the same time with L.acidophilus culture. It was noticed that the L.acidophilus has a large effect on lowering the growth of A.ochraceus and the synthesis of OA. A.ochraceus was growing at 4 °C in all time periods (5.8 × 103–5.1 × 105 cells ml–1) and at temperature of 25 °C for 2 days (7.6 × 102 cells ml–1). Under all other conditions the complete inhibition of growing A.ochraceus was noticed. OA was synthetised only at 25 °C after 4 days of growing A.ochraceus in yoghurt in concentration 400.00 μg l–1.
Model development for prediction of daily milk yield at alternating (AT) recording scheme
Authors: KLOPČIČ Marija , MALOVRH Špela , GORJANC Gregor , KOVAČ Milena , OSTERC Jože 
Published: November 2024

The possibility to apply alternating (AT) recording scheme was studied on twelve farms in Gorenjska region between October 1998 and December 2000. Additionally to standard A4 records, milk yield at afternoon (PM) and morning (AM) milking was monitored. There were 4070 records collected and used for prediction of daily milk yield (DMY). The criteria for comparison of adjustment procedure were coefficient of determination and reduction of mean square error. Phenotypic correlation estimates between DMY and partial milk yields exceeded 0.97 and were significantly different from zero. The correlation coefficient between AM and PM milk yield was 0.901. Models including AM/PM milk yield and milking interval explained between 95.16 % in the simplest model 0 to 96.77 % for the most complex model Z.
Morphological and molecular characterization of the elusive vegetative stage of the diatom Cerataulina
bicornis: a new record from Indian Sundarbans
Authors: Das Tapas , Choudhury Srijonee , Dutta Arun Kumar , Sarkar Neera Sen 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The resting spore stage of Cerataulina bicornis has been reported sporadically from the Indian Sundarbans, with one sediment core record that dates back to ∼2000 yrs. BP, but its vegetative stage has remained elusive during this entire period. The present report of its vegetative stage is a new record from this estuarine system. A comprehensive morphometric description along with molecular data of rbcL and 18s rDNA of the vegetative stage of C. bicornis is presented. The morphological and morphometric characters observed in the light microscope (LM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) studies, along with a detailed description of the copulae, establish its distinction from other Cerataulina spp. described from different parts of the world.
Recent advances in laboratory education research
Authors: Agustian Hendra Y. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This review synthesizes recent advancements in laboratory education research in university chemistry over the past decade, from 2014 to 2024. It focuses on three key areas: evidence-oriented teaching practices, student learning outcomes and processes, and progressive curriculum development. The paper highlights the growing emphasis on evidence-based approaches to laboratory instruction, the multifaceted nature of student learning in the laboratory, and the importance of designing laboratory curricula that ensure progression and congruence across study programs. The review instantiates how evidence-oriented teaching practices have led to a shift in focus from theory to practical techniques. It explores the diverse learning outcomes associated with laboratory work, including experimental competencies, conceptual understanding, and affective aspects such as identity development and self-efficacy. The paper also introduces a comprehensive framework for assessing student learning in laboratories, integrating cognitive, conative, affective, psychomotor, social, and epistemic domains. Furthermore, the review examines approaches to curriculum development that emphasize scaffolding, progression, and alignment between various curricular elements. It presents models for developing experimental design competence and ensuring congruence in laboratory curriculum development. The paper concludes by acknowledging the persistent gap between research and practice in laboratory education and calling for continued efforts to bridge this divide.
Deeply buried clastic rock diagenesis evolution mechanism of Dongdaohaizi sag in the center of Junggar fault basin, Northwest China
Authors: Guo Shasha , Zhang Xuecai , Wang Jue , Wang Siwen , Liu Kemin , Wang Jinkai 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
To reveal the diagenetic sequence of reservoir rocks in the central part of the deep depression basin, the Wuerhe Formation in Junggar Basin was taken as an example to conduct the detailed studies on its sedimentary facies, diagenetic sequence, and the micropore structure evolution rules based on the comprehensive data from a super deep exploration well C-6 (approximately 7,000 m in depth). First, an arid environment fan delta sedimentary model of the Wuerhe Formation was established, and its sedimentary evolution law was clarified as a gradual transition from a fan delta front to a fan delta plain during the water-regression process until the lake dried up. Then, the diagenesis types and evolution sequence of the Wuerhe Formation, and the influence degrees of the compaction, cementation, and dissolution on the rock formation process were clarified. Finally, the diagenesis and pore evolution model was established, and the greatest impact factors of the late reservoir densification were clarified. Based on this research, the diagenesis and pore evolution processes of the deep rocks in the studied deep central sag were ultimately revealed to provide useful guidance for the deeply buried oil and gas reservoir exploration.
Modeling, optimization and operability analysis of Lurgi and Haldor Topsøe methanol synthesis reactors
Authors: Farsi Mohammad 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In this research is focused on modeling, simulation and operability analysis of methanol synthesis reactors in the Lurgi and Haldor Topsøe methanol plants at steady state condition. In this regard, the tubular methanol synthesis reactors are mathematically modeled based on the laws of conservation of mass and energy considering interparticle resistance inside the commercial CuO–ZnO/Al2O3 catalyst. Then, the methanol productivity, carbon conversion, and thermal performance of both configurations are compared at the same weight hourly space velocity. The mole fraction of methanol in the outlet stream from Lurgi and Topsøe designed reactors are 9.08 and 9.71, respectively. In addition, the hotspot temperature in the Lurgi and Topsøe reactors are 278.8 and 267.7 °C based on the considered model, respectively. The carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide conversion in the Topsøe designed reactor are 8.95  and 4.89 % higher compared to the Lurgi reactor. Finally, a multi-objective optimization problem is programmed considering methanol production rate, carbon dioxide conversion and catalyst loading as objective functions and the optimal operating conditions and specifications of Topsøe reactor are obtained considering two different strategies. The simulation results show that applying the optimal conditions on the Topsøe designed reactor enhance the methanol productivity up to 16.04 %.
Unveiling human rights protection in China from the perspective of criminal procedure law
Authors: Hu Ming , Hong Tao 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
A significant portion of the misunderstanding surrounding China’s human rights protection stems from a failure to consider its legal progress in light of China’s unique cultural, ideological, and political contexts. The Criminal Procedure Law of China is closely linked to constitutional principles and the fundamental first generation of human rights, providing a clear framework for understanding China’s efforts in human rights protection. As widely accepted standards for human rights codification, Articles 9, 17, and 14 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) outline the right to personal liberty, privacy, and the defense of the accused. Initially, China’s Criminal Procedure Law of 1979 fell short of meeting these global standards. However, with substantial revisions in 1996, 2012, and 2018, this specific code has progressively aligned with the covenant’s requirements, marking significant strides in human rights protection in China. Despite these advances, there remains room for improving the Criminal Procedure Law, especially under the challenges of the digital age. China, alongside other nations, will focus on building a more comprehensive, robust, and globally integrated legal framework to address the forthcoming issues.
Liability regulation on short video platforms: balancing freedom of expression and copyright protection
Authors: Zhao Yun , Guo Yijin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The rise of short video platforms has fundamentally altered the balance between freedom of expression and copyright protection, challenging traditional legal frameworks like the Safe Harbor Principle. This paper critically examines the evolving legal landscape, with particular focus on the implications of Article 17 of the EU’s Copyright Directive in the Digital Single Market (DSM Directive), especially for small platforms, creators, and users. Through comparative analysis of international legal frameworks and case studies, the study delves into the challenges faced by stakeholders in navigating platform liability, algorithmic content moderation, and user rights. The research highlights how the existing legal environment, while aiming to protect copyright holders, often disproportionately favors large platforms, undermining the expressive freedoms and fair use rights of smaller creators and users. Furthermore, the paper addresses the role of remix culture on short video platforms, discussing how transformative works and user-generated content foster cultural diversity and innovation. It advocates for reforms that balance copyright enforcement with freedom of expression, promoting cooperative licensing models, nuanced content moderation, and expanded fair use exemptions to support a more equitable digital ecosystem where creativity, access, and protection coexist effectively.
Maternal and fetal outcomes among pregnant women with endometriosis
Authors: Abdessamie Sara , Czuzoj-Shulman Nicholas , Abenhaim Haim Arie 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Endometriosis, a condition in which endometrial-like tissue grows outside of the uterus, is a common disorder among women of reproductive-age. The objective of the study is to examine the associations between endometriosis in pregnancy and adverse maternal and newborn events.

Methods
Data from the 1999–2019 Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project, Nationwide Inpatient Sample, which is from the United States, were used to perform a retrospective cohort study. Associations between endometriosis and maternal and newborn outcomes were examined using multivariate logistic regression models adjusted for baseline maternal characteristics.

Results
We identified 14,956 individuals with endometriosis and 16,911,497 individuals without endometriosis. The prevalence of endometriosis in pregnancy rose substantially from 34.9 to 160.6 per 100,000 births between 1999 and 2019. Individuals with endometriosis were more likely older in age, of Caucasian ethnicity, belonged to higher income quartiles, had private insurance, smoked, and were obese. Endometriosis in pregnancy was associated with greater odds of pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes, placenta previa, placental abruption, preterm birth, chorioamnionitis, and postpartum hemorrhage. Growth restriction and congenital anomalies were more frequent among newborns born to individuals with endometriosis.

Conclusions
Endometriosis in pregnancy renders individuals and their newborns at greater risk for poor outcomes in pregnancy. Hence, it is prudent for obstetrical care providers to be aware of the adverse events associated with endometriosis and to closely follow the pregnancies of women with this condition.