bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Eating Disorder‐15 (ED‐15): Factor structure, psychometric properties, and clinical validation
Authors: Rodrigues Tânia , Vaz Ana R. , Silva Cátia , Conceição Eva , Machado Paulo P.P. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of the current study was to explore the factor structure and psychometric properties of the Portuguese version of the Eating Disorder‐15 (ED‐15), as well as to establish cutoff scores and normative data for the Portuguese version.MethodsParticipants from a nonclinical sample (N = 860) and an eating disorders clinical sample (N = 260) were invited to complete a set of questionnaires, including the Portuguese version of the ED‐15.ResultsThe first‐order two‐factor structure originally proposed by the ED‐15 authors was endorsed through a confirmatory factor analysis (χ2/df = 2.610; standardized root‐mean‐square residual = 0.0325; root‐mean‐square error of approximation = 0.079; Tucker–Lewis index/goodness‐of‐fit index/incremental fit index > 0.95). Items revealed adequate construct validity (λ = .54–.90; R2 = .29–.81). The ED‐15 revealed excellent internal consistency (α = .91) and temporal stability (intraclass correlation coefficient = .92; 95% CI [.84–.95]). Normative data for the ED‐15 were provided. The ED‐15 demonstrated acceptable concurrent and convergent validity. Receiver operating characteristic analysis revealed that the ED‐15 total score accurately discriminates between participants with and without an eating disorder (area under de curve = .80; SE = .017; p ≤ .001; 95% CI [.766–.834]). A cutoff score for clinical significance and a reliable change index were computed.ConclusionsThe Portuguese version of the ED‐15 is a reliable and valid measure of eating psychopathology and symptoms, whenever a brief measure is needed, as in session‐by‐session assessment of therapy progress and outcome.
Complex kame belt morphology, stratigraphy and architecture
Authors: Lovell Harold , Livingstone Stephen J. , Boston Clare M. , Booth Adam D. , Storrar Robert D. , Barr Iestyn D. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe development of glacier karst at the margins of melting ice sheets produces complex glaciofluvial sediment‐landform assemblages that provide information on ice sheet downwasting processes. We present the first combined geomorphological, sedimentological and geophysical investigation of the Brampton Kame Belt, an important glaciofluvial depositional zone at the centre of the last British‐Irish Ice Sheet. Ground‐penetrating radar (GPR) data allow the broad scale internal architecture of ridges (eskers) and flat‐topped hills (ice‐walled lake plains) to be determined at four sites. In combination with sediment exposures, these provide information on lateral and vertical variations in accretion styles, depositional boundaries, and grain size changes. Building on existing work on the subject, we propose a refined model for the formation of ice‐walled lake plains resulting from the evolution and collapse of major drainage axes into lakes as stable glacier karst develops during deglaciation. The internal structure of esker ridges demonstrates variations in sedimentation that can be linked to differences in ridge morphologies across the kame belt. This includes low energy flow conditions and multiple accretion phases identified within large S‐N oriented esker ridges; and fluctuating water pressures, hyperconcentrated flows, and significant deformation within a fragmented SW–NE oriented esker ridge. In combination with updated geomorphological mapping, this work allows us to identify two main styles of drainage within the kame belt: (1) major drainage axes aligned broadly S‐N that extend through the entire kame belt and collapsed into a chain of ice‐walled lakes; and (2) a series of smaller, fragmented SW–NE aligned esker ridges that represent ice‐marginal drainage as the ice sheet receded south‐eastwards up the Vale of Eden. Our study demonstrates the importance of integrated geomorphological, sedimentological and geophysical investigations in order to understand complex and polyphase glaciofluvial sediment‐landform assemblages. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
High‐precision magnetoencephalography for reconstructing amygdalar and hippocampal oscillations during prediction of safety and threat
Authors: Tzovara Athina , Meyer Sofie S. , Bonaiuto James J. , Abivardi Aslan , Dolan Raymond J. , Barnes Gareth R. , Bach Dominik R. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractLearning to associate neutral with aversive events in rodents is thought to depend on hippocampal and amygdala oscillations. In humans, oscillations underlying aversive learning are not well characterised, largely due to the technical difficulty of recording from these two structures. Here, we used high‐precision magnetoencephalography (MEG) during human discriminant delay threat conditioning. We constructed generative anatomical models relating neural activity with recorded magnetic fields at the single‐participant level, including the neocortex with or without the possibility of sources originating in the hippocampal and amygdalar structures. Models including neural activity in amygdala and hippocampus explained MEG data during threat conditioning better than exclusively neocortical models. We found that in both amygdala and hippocampus, theta oscillations during anticipation of an aversive event had lower power compared to safety, both during retrieval and extinction of aversive memories. At the same time, theta synchronisation between hippocampus and amygdala increased over repeated retrieval of aversive predictions, but not during safety. Our results suggest that high‐precision MEG is sensitive to neural activity of the human amygdala and hippocampus during threat conditioning and shed light on the oscillation‐mediated mechanisms underpinning retrieval and extinction of fear memories in humans.
How Specific Is Site-Specific? A Review and Guidance for Selecting and Evaluating Approaches for Deriving Local Water Quality Benchmarks
Authors: van Dam Rick A , Hogan Alicia C , Harford Andrew J , Humphrey Chris L 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Existing prescriptive guidance on the derivation of local water quality benchmarks (WQBs; e.g., guideline values, criteria, standards) for protecting aquatic ecosystems is limited to only 3 to 4 specific approaches. These approaches do not represent the full suite available for deriving local WQBs for multiple types of water quality–related issues. The general lack of guidance is inconsistent with the need for, and benefits of, local WQBs, and can constrain the appropriate selection and subsequent evaluation of derivation approaches. Consequently, the defensibility of local WQBs may not be commensurate with the nature of the issues for which they are derived. Moreover, where local WQBs are incorporated into regulatory requirements, the lack of guidance presents a potential risk to the derivation of appropriate WQBs and the achievement of desired environmental outcomes. This review addresses the deficiency in guidance by 1) defining local WQBs and outlining initial considerations for deciding if one is required; 2) summarizing the existing regulatory context; 3) summarizing existing guidance and identifying gaps; 4) describing strengths, weaknesses, and potential applications of a range of derivation approaches based on laboratory and/or field data; and 5) presenting a conceptual framework for appropriately selecting and evaluating a derivation approach to best suit the need. The guidance incorporates an existing set of guiding principles for deriving local WQBs and reinforces an existing categorization of site-adapted and site-specific WQBs. The conceptual framework recognizes the need to strike an appropriate balance between effort and ecological risk and, thus, embeds the concept of fit-for-purpose by considering both the significance of the issue being assessed and the extent to which the approach provides confidence that the ecosystem will be appropriately protected. The guidance can be used by industry, regulators, and others for both the a priori selection and the post hoc evaluation of appropriate approaches for deriving local WQBs. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2019;15:683–702. © 2019 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC).
Two ways to inactivate the Ki‐67 protein—Fragmentation by nanoparticles, crosslinking with fluorescent dyes
Authors: Rahmanzadeh Ramtin , Rudnitzki Florian , Hüttmann Gereon 
Published: June 2019

AbstractLight can manipulate molecular biological processes with high spatial and temporal precision and optical manipulation has become increasingly popular during the last years. In combination with absorbing dyes or gold nanoparticles light is a valuable tool for cell and protein inactivation with high precision. Here we show distinct differences in the underlying mechanisms whether gold nanoparticles or fluorescent dyes are used for the inactivation of the Ki‐67 protein. The proliferation‐associated protein Ki‐67 was addressed by the antibody MIB‐1. In vitro studies showed a fragmentation of the Ki‐67 protein after laser irradiation of 15 nm gold nanoparticle antibody conjugates with nanosecond pulsed laser, while continuous wave (cw) irradiation of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)‐ and Alexa 488‐labeled antibodies led to specific crosslinking of Ki‐67. The irradiation energy for the gold nanoparticles was above cavitation bubble formation threshold. We observed a fragmentation of the target protein and also of the gold particles. The understanding of the underlying inactivation mechanisms is important for the application and further development of these two techniques, which can harness nanotechnology to introduce molecular selectivity to biological systems.
Effect of N‐Acetyltransferase 2 Genotype on the Pharmacokinetics of Hydralazine During Pregnancy
Authors: Han Lyrialle W. , Ryu Rachel J. , Cusumano Michael , Easterling Thomas R. , Phillips Brian R. , Risler Linda J. , Shen Danny D. , Hebert Mary F. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractHydralazine, an antihypertensive agent used during pregnancy, undergoes N‐acetylation primarily via N‐acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) to form 3‐methyl‐1,2,4‐triazolo[3,4‐a]phthalazine (MTP). To characterize the steady‐state pharmacokinetics (PK) of hydralazine during pregnancy and evaluate the effects of NAT2 genotype on hydralazine and MTP PK during pregnancy, 12 pregnant subjects received oral hydralazine (5‐25 mg every 6 hours) in mid‐ (n = 5) and/or late pregnancy (n = 8). Serial blood samples were collected over 1 dosing interval, and steady‐state noncompartmental PK parameters were estimated. Subjects were classified as either (rapid acetylators, n = 6) or slow acetylators (SAs, n = 6) based on NAT2 genotype. During pregnancy, when compared with the SA group, the RA group had faster weight‐adjusted hydralazine apparent oral clearance (70.0 ± 13.6 vs 20.1 ± 6.9 L/h, P < .05), lower dose‐normalized area under the concentration‐time curve (AUC; 1.5 ± 0.8 vs 5.9 ± 3.7 ng·h/mL, P < .05), lower dose‐normalized peak concentrations (0.77 ± 0.51 vs 4.04 ± 3.18 ng/mL, P < .05), and larger weight‐adjusted apparent oral volume of distribution (302 ± 112 vs 116 ± 45 L/kg, P < .05). Furthermore, the MTP/hydralazine AUC ratio was ∼10‐fold higher in the RA group (78 ± 30 vs 8 ± 3, P < .05) than in the SA group. No gestational age or dose‐dependent effects were observed, possibly because of the small sample size. This study describes for the first time, the PK of oral hydralazine and its metabolite, MTP, during pregnancy, and confirmed that the PK of oral hydralazine is NAT2 genotype dependent during pregnancy.
Parenteral hydroxocobalamin dose intensification in five patients with different types of early onset intracellular cobalamin defects: Clinical and biochemical responses
Authors: Scalais Emmanuel , Osterheld Elise , Geron Christine , Pierron Charlotte , Chafai Ronit , Schlesser Vincent , Borde Patricia , Regal Luc , Laeremans Hilde , van Gassen Koen L. I. , van den Heuvel L. Bert , De Meirleir Linda 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIntracellular cobalamin metabolism (ICM) defects can be present as autosomal recessive or X‐linked disorders. Parenteral hydroxocobalamin (P‐OHCbl) is the mainstay of therapy, but the optimal dose has not been determined. Despite early treatment, long‐term complications may develop. We have analyzed the biochemical and clinical responses in five patients with early onset of different types of ICM defects (cblC: patients 1‐3; cblA: patient 4; cblX: patient 5) following daily P‐OHCbl dose intensification (DI). In patient 4, P‐OHCbl was started at age 10 years and in patient 5 at age 5 years. OHCbl was formulated at either, 5, 25, or 50 mg/mL. P‐OHCbl was intravenously or subcutaneously (SQ) delivered, subsequently by placement of a SQ injection port except in patient 4. In all patients, homocysteine and methylmalonic acid levels, demonstrated an excellent response to various P‐OHCbl doses. After age 36 months, patients 1‐3 had a close to normal neurological examination with lower range developmental quotient. In patient 3, moderate visual impairment was present. Patient 4, at age 10 years, had normal renal, visual and cognitive function. In cblX patient 5, epilepsy was better controlled. In conclusion, P‐OHCbl‐DI caused an excellent control of metabolites in all patients. In the three cblC patients, comparison with patients, usually harboring identical genotype and similar metabolic profile, was suggestive of a positive effect, in favor of clinical efficacy. With P‐OHCbl‐DI, CblA patient has been placed into a lower risk to develop renal and optic impairment. In cblX patient, lower P‐OHCbl doses were administrated to improve tolerability.
Normal embryonic development of the greater horseshoe bat Rhinolophus ferrumequinum, with special reference to nose leaf formation
Authors: Usui Kaoru , Tokita Masayoshi 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe order Chiroptera (bats) is the second largest group of mammals, composed of more than 1,300 species. Although powered flight and echolocation in bats have attracted many biologists, diversity in bat facial morphology has been almost neglected. Some bat species have a “nose leaf,” a leaf‐like epithelial appendage around their nostrils. The nose leaf appears to have been acquired at least three times independently in bat evolution, and its morphology is highly diverse among bats species. Internal tissue morphology of nose‐leaves has been investigated through histological analyses of late‐stage fetuses of some bat species possessing the nose leaf. However, the proximate factors that bring about chiropteran nose‐leaves have not been identified. As an initial step to address the question above, we describe the normal embryonic development of the greater horseshoe bat Rhinolophus ferrumequinum, and examine development of the tissues associated with their nose leaf during embryogenesis through histological analyses. We found that the nose leaf of R. ferrumequinum is formed through two phases. First, the primordium of the nose leaf appears as two tissue bulges aligned top and bottom on the face at embryonic stages 15–16. Second, the sub‐regions of the nose leaf are differentiated through ingrowth as well as outgrowth of the epithelium at stage 17. In embryogenesis of Carollia perspicillata, a phyllostomid species with a nose leaf, the nose leaf primordium is formed as a small tissue bulge on the nostril at stage 17. This tissue bulge grows into a dorsally projected thin epithelial structure. Such differences in the nose leaf developmental process between chiropteran lineages may suggest that distinct developmental mechanisms have been employed in each lineage's nose leaf evolution.
Prognosis after lead extraction in patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices infection: Comparison of lead‐related infective endocarditis with pocket infection in a Japanese single‐center experience
Authors: Nishii Nobuhiro , Morimoto Yoshimasa , Miyoshi Akihito , Tsukuda Saori , Miyamoto Masakazu , Kawada Satoshi , Nakagawa Koji , Watanabe Atsuyuki , Nakamura Kazufumi , Morita Hiroshi , Morimatsu Hiroshi , Kusano Nobuchika , Kasahara Shingo , Shoda Morio , Ito Hiroshi 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe increase in the use of cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) has been associated with an increase in CIED‐related infections. Transvenous lead extraction is safe and effective for patients with CIED‐related infections; however, the mortality rate in these patients is high. The prognosis after transvenous lead extraction in Japanese patients, especially those with lead‐related infective endocarditis, has not been evaluated. Then, the purpose of this study is to clarify the prognosis after transvenous lead extraction in Japanese patients with CIED‐related infections at a single Japanese center.MethodsA total of 107 patients who underwent transvenous lead extraction were retrospectively reviewed. The patients were divided into a lead‐related infective endocarditis group (n = 32) and a pocket infection group (n = 75). Procedure success rate and prognosis after lead extraction were evaluated between the two groups.ResultsProcedure success rate was not significantly different between the groups. There were no deaths associated with the procedure or with infection. The survival rate was not significantly different at 1 year or at a median of 816 days (lead‐related infective endocarditis vs pocket infection; 93.7% vs 94.7%, P = 1.000; 78.1% vs 81.3%, P = 0.791) Time to reimplantation and duration of hospital stay and antibiotics therapy were significantly longer for patients with lead‐related infective endocarditis.ConclusionIn this study, the prognosis for patients with lead‐related infective endocarditis after transvenous lead extraction was favorable. Thus, extraction should be strongly recommended, even if the general condition of the patient is poor.
ω‐3 Fatty‐Acid Enriched Parenteral Nutrition in Hospitalized Patients: Systematic Review With Meta‐Analysis and Trial Sequential Analysis
Authors: Pradelli Lorenzo , Mayer Konstantin , Klek Stanislaw , Omar Alsaleh Abdul Jabbar , Clark Richard A. C. , Rosenthal Martin D. , Heller Axel R. , Muscaritoli Maurizio 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis systematic review and meta‐analysis investigated ω‐3 fatty‐acid enriched parenteral nutrition (PN) vs standard (non‐ω‐3 fatty‐acid enriched) PN in adult hospitalized patients (PROSPERO 2018 CRD42018110179). We included 49 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with intervention and control groups given ω‐3 fatty acids and standard lipid emulsions, respectively, as part of PN covering ≥70% energy provision. The relative risk (RR) of infection (primary outcome; 24 RCTs) was 40% lower with ω‐3 fatty‐acid enriched PN than standard PN (RR 0.60, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.49‐0.72; P < 0.00001). Patients given ω‐3 fatty‐acid enriched PN had reduced mean length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay (10 RCTs; 1.95 days, 95% CI 0.42‐3.49; P = 0.01) and reduced length of hospital stay (26 RCTs; 2.14 days, 95% CI 1.36‐2.93; P < 0.00001). Risk of sepsis (9 RCTs) was reduced by 56% in those given ω‐3 fatty‐acid enriched PN (RR 0.44, 95% CI 0.28‐0.70; P = 0.0004). Mortality rate (co‐primary outcome; 20 RCTs) showed a nonsignificant 16% reduction (RR 0.84, 95% CI 0.65‐1.07; P = 0.15) for the ω‐3 fatty‐acid enriched group. In summary, ω‐3 fatty‐acid enriched PN is beneficial, reducing risk of infection and sepsis by 40% and 56%, respectively, and length of both ICU and hospital stay by about 2 days. Provision of ω‐3‐enriched lipid emulsions should be preferred over standard lipid emulsions in patients with an indication for PN.
Physicochemical characterization of ‘Cerrado’ cashew (Anacardium othonianum Rizzini) fruits and pseudofruits
Authors: Oliveira Valeria F , Silva Fabiano G , Resende Erika C , Pereira Paulo S , de L e Silva Fernando H , Egea Mariana B 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe Cerrado occupies 23% of Brazil. A. othonianum is a native Cerrado species that presents differently colored pseudofruits. This report describes the morphometric properties, physicochemical characterization, and phenolic and flavonoid compound compositions of 30 accessions of A. othonianum.RESULTSThe morphometric properties show that an average fruit had 21.97 mm length, 18.61 mm width, and 11.13 mm thickness, with 2.52 g mass. The pseudofruits had 28.84 mm apex width with 12.83 g of mass. The hue parameters of the pseudofruits were 18.67 ± 2.00 and 83.32 ± 1.97° (P < 0.05), reflecting their red to yellow color. The titratable acidity of the accessions was 0.91 ± 0.09 to 3.02 ± 0.02% (P < 0.05), soluble solid content was 9.60 ± 0.17 to 13.47 ± 0.38 °Brix (P < 0.05), and pH ranged from 2.83 ± 0.06 to 3.83 ± 0.06 (P < 0.05). Fourteen flavonoid compounds were identified. The most common compounds in the accessions were vitexin (93% of the accessions), hesperidin (57% of the accessions), epicatechin (34% of the accessions), and kaempferol‐3‐O‐glucoside (30% of the accessions). Cluster analysis generated four groups with the traits ΔE, °h, C, soluble solid content, titratable acidity, pH, total flavonoids, and their identified compounds.CONCLUSIONSAlthough all accessions are A. othonianum, there the chemical composition and the physical characteristics of these fruits vary. This is the first report in the literature using wild accessions. Greater disclosure of the species characteristic is interesting because it can increase income for the local population. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Design of a new balun bandpass filter with single‐band balance and dual‐band filtering characteristics
Authors: Gorur Ali Kursad , Ozturk Ozdemir Pinar , Karpuz Ceyhun , Gorur Adnan 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn this article, a new type of balun bandpass filter with single‐band balance and dual‐band filtering function is presented. For this purpose, a novel compact dual‐mode open loop resonator with short‐circuited stubs and interdigital capacitors is proposed. Two identical resonators are coupled to two output ports in order to obtain 180° phase difference between the output ports. By means of the changes in the short‐circuited stubs and interdigital capacitors, control of the passbands at two output ports can be achieved. In addition, as the short‐circuited stubs are located at the same wave traveling paths, phase difference cannot be obtained in the first passband and only the second passband has balun function. The designed balun bandpass filter was fabricated and tested for the experimental verifications. Phase difference and magnitude imbalance have been measured within 180° ± 2° and 0.5 dB, respectively. The measured results exhibit a very good agreement with the predicted results.