bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A mixed method approach to analysing patterns and drivers of antibiotic use and resistance in beef farms in Argentina
Authors: Bedford Cherrill , Galotta Maria Laura , Oikonomou Georgios , de Yaniz Guadalupe , Nardello Matías , Sánchez Bruni Sergio , Davies Peers 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionAntimicrobial resistance is a challenge to be faced by all livestock sectors; within beef farming, antibiotic use patterns vary by country and management practices. Argentina is a country with high beef production &amp; consumption but limited information surrounding antibiotic use. The aims of this project was to understand how antibiotics are being used across the beef industry in Argentina and exploring drivers of usage.MethodsQuantitative and qualitative data was collected by: A survey of breeding and feedlot farms including antibiotic use (from purchase data); a detailed analysis of two feedlot farms’ therapeutic antibiotic use records; a survey of vets’ views on certain antibiotic practices; and a focus group of farmers and vets focusing on wider influences affecting decision making. Antibiotic use data was calculated using mg/population corrected unit (PCU) (ESVAC) and thematic analysis was used to identify drivers of antibiotic use among participants.ResultsThe median use across 17 farms that supplied purchase data was 76.52  mg/kg PCU (ESVAC; IQR  =  36.81  mg/kg PCU [ESVAC]). The detailed farm records showed that the largest reason for treatment was group treatments (72.92% of treatments) followed by treatment for respiratory disease (12.75% of treatments). Macrolides accounted for 76.37% of treatments. Nearly half of farms used routine prophylactic treatment for arriving animals (n  =  7/18). The use of quarantine and ‘sick pens’ were seen as important by surveyed vets with antibiotic prophylaxis and in-feed antibiotics seen as contributors to antibiotic resistance. The focus group highlighted the influence of the economic and political landscape on husbandry practices and the responsibility the farming sector had towards antibiotic stewardship.DiscussionOverall, Argentine beef feedlots resemble North American beef feedlots in terms of antibiotic practices but with considerably lower usage, with in-feed monensin representing a large proportion of total ABU. The adaptation period presents a challenge to animal health; antibiotics are administered a prophylaxis, metaphylactic and individual treatments depending on farm management practices. Further research into internationally comparable measures of ABU and detailed cost-benefit analysis of practical, on-farm interventions are needed to aid improved antimicrobial stewardship in livestock systems globally.
High-Resolution Melting Analysis Potential for Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii Authentication in Probiotic-Enriched Food Matrices
Authors: Borkowska Monika , Kułakowski Michał , Myszka Kamila 
Published: November 2024

To date, the only probiotic yeast with evidence of health-promoting effects is Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii. The expanded market including dietary supplements and functional foods supplemented with Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii creates an environment conductive to food adulterations, necessitating rapid testing to verify product probiotic status. Herein, qPCR-HRM analysis was tested for probiotic yeast identification. The effectiveness of the primer pairs’ set was examined, designed to amplify heterogeneous regions in (a) rDNA sequences previously designed to identify food-derived yeast and (b) genes associated with physiological and genotypic divergence of Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii. Preliminary tests of amplicons’ differentiation power enabled the selection of interspecies sequences for 18SrRNA and ITS and genus-specific sequences HO, RPB2, HXT9 and MAL11. The multi-fragment qPCR-HRM analysis was sufficient for culture-dependent Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii identification and proved effective in the authentication of dietary supplements’ probiotic composition. The identification of S. cerevisiae var. boulardii in complex microbial mixtures of kefir succeeded with more specific intragenus sequences HO and RPB2. The predominance of S. cerevisiae var. boulardii in the tested matrices, quantitatively corresponded to the probiotic-enriched food, was crucial for identification with qPCR–HRM analysis. Considering the reported assumptions, qPCR-HRM analysis is an appropriate tool for verifying probiotic-enriched food.
Impacto das disfunções temporomandibulares na qualidade de vida de usuários de uma clínica odontológica universitária
Authors: Braga Natalia Hermeto Mendes , Seraidarian Paulo Isaías , Barros Vinícius de Magalhães , Assis Marina Araújo Leite , Figueiredo Elyonara Mello de , Soares Rodrigo Villamarim 
Published: November 2024

Introdução: O fato de a longevidade do ser humano ter aumentado fez também crescer o interesse pelo entendimento da qualidade de vida da população, bem como a necessidade da adoção de instrumentos para avaliá-la. Dentre eles, o World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-bref) avalia a qualidade de vida por meio dos domínios físico, psicológico, social e ambiental. As disfunções temporomandibulares (DTMs) são aquelas que envolvem a articulação temporomandibular (ATM), músculos e estruturas associadas, apresentando sinais e sintomas como dores na face e articulação temporomandibular, tensões musculares, dores e limitação da abertura da boca, dentre outros. Objetivo: Avaliar o impacto das disfunções temporomandibulares nos aspectos físico, social, ambiental, funcional e psicológico na qualidade de vida dos pacientes e seus acompanhantes, atendidos em um centro odontológico. Material e Métodos: Indivíduos (pacientes ou acompanhantes) frequentando uma clínica odontológica de um departamento de odontologia universitário foram avaliados por meio dos seguintes instrumentos: Research Diagnostic Critéria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/TMD), eixos I e II, o Temporomandibular Index (TMI) e o WHOQOL-bref. Foram avaliados 81 indivíduos (62 sem DTM; 19 com DTM), sendo 50 do sexo feminino e 31 do sexo masculino. Resultados: A análise das variáveis sociodemográficas não demonstrou diferenças significativas entre os grupos. Estas foram encontradas entre indivíduos com (grupo disfunção temporomandibular) e sem DTM (grupo controle) em relação ao domínio psicológico, e, com exceção do domínio meio ambiente, todos os demais domínios exibiram correlações negativas com variáveis psicossociais detectadas no eixo II do RDC/TMD, como: dor crônica; sintomas físicos não específicos com e sem dor; depressão; e com o TMI. Conclusão: As disfunções temporomandibulares interferem negativamente na qualidade de vida dos pacientes avaliados neste estudo, e, quanto maior for o comprometimento psicológico e mais severas forem as DTMs, mais afetados serão os domínios de qualidade de vida.
Artificial Intelligence in Morocco: Towards Holistic, Responsible and Ethical National AI Strategy for Moroccan Competitiveness and Strategic Intelligence
Authors: LAFRAM Abdelmjid , BAHJI Salah Eddine 
Published: November 2024

This paper analyses current achievements and emerging landscape of artificial intelligence in Morocco. It explores also the various challenges and opportunities related to the development of an AI ecosystem that facilitates the emergence of an agile, holistic, responsible, ethical, and forward-looking national artificial intelligence strategy that supports Morocco's global competitiveness and its strategic intelligence. Based on a methodological triangulation approach, we combined a documentary approach focused on a literature reviews and international benchmarks of national AI policies and strategies. In addition, we have proposed a conceptual model that outlines the essential elements and key enablers and drivers of the national AI strategy for Morocco. We have called it “LAFBAH AI Framework” focusing on Leadership & Vision, Adaptive Governance, Forward-thinking, Breakthrough Innovations, Agility in Implementation, and Human centred approach. This model is predictive and prescriptive, and most importantly, aligned with the Moroccan priorities and strategic orientations of Morocco’s New Development Model. The study's findings show that Morocco possesses strategic assets that can help it establish itself as an AI hub for Africa and bolster its leadership and digital influence. These assets mainly include the country's international commitment to AI, its participation in AI cooperation programs, a dynamic creation of institutions and university centres dedicated to AI and the start of a virtuous public and political dialogue on the subject involving the private sector, academia and civil society.Our research argues in favour of a holistic and integrated approach to AI in Morocco, which combines AI Governance with technological innovation, ethical and societal considerations to promote sustainable and inclusive development and enhance Moroccan competitiveness. It also demonstrates the urgent need to design and ensure the implementation of an innovative, adapted and integrated national AI strategy for Morocco. This national AI strategy should be designed as an integrative, agile, dynamic framework with a clear and integrated vision, ambitious strategic objectives, relevant priorities and choices and key pillars of AI such as responsible, ethical and innovative governance and strong ecosystem enablers, collaborative research and development, AI talent and skills, sufficient data and infrastructure.We have also designed the fundamental and necessary milestones for a new ecosystem of artificial intelligence in Morocco focused on the imperatives of the knowledge society, the digital, health, food and energy sovereignties of the country, while aspiring to be a hub of artificial intelligence in Africa.
Technological Unemployment in Terms of Global Labor Market Imbalances: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Cherif Souheyla , Gourida Siham 
Published: November 2024

The current society, known as the supersmart society or Society 5.0, emerged in response to the Fourth Industrial Revolution. also known as Industry 4.0 (I4.0), which arose with the development of different technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence (AI), Machine Learning (ML), and Big Data Analytics (BDA), among others. Based on the report “Future of Jobs Report 2023” the most affectin g macro trend in driving business transformation is the increased adoption of new and frontier technologies with an 86.2% rate. I4.0 significantly changed production processes and manufacturing systems, transforming firms into smart factories. One of the consequences of the I4.0 revolution is technological unemployment (TU). This paper aims to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of the literature on Industry 4.0 (I4.0) and Technological Unemployment (TU) within the 2015-2024 timeframe, with a particular focus on their impact on labor market imbalances (LMI). Through a bibliometric analysis, the study will assess performance metrics, including the publication and citation performance of authors, institutions, countries, and journals. Additionally, the research will visualize and critically examine bibliometric citation outcomes, including cited references. To achieve this, we adopted a quantitative approach and employed a confirmatory-explicative research method to elucidate Technological Unemployment (TU) within the context of Industry 4.0 (I4.0) transformations and confirm its implications on Labor Market Imbalances (LMI). Bibliometric analysis was used to discern data patterns, trends, and relationships within the literature. Our findings revealed several significant trends, notably job polarization, income inequality, and TU. We determined that the effects of I4.0 on employment are not universally negative; in some cases, technological investments enhance employment rates by creating new professions and job opportunities. Our analysis also indicated that occupations requiring human judgment, decision-making, creativity, and innovation exhibit resilience to technological advancements.
ПОЗДНЯЯ КОМПЛЕКСНАЯ ДИАГНОСТИКА И КОРРЕКЦИЯ ТОТАЛЬНОГО АНОМАЛЬНОГО ДРЕНАЖА ЛЕГОЧНЫХ ВЕН У ПАЦИЕНТКИ РЕПРОДУКТИВНОГО ВОЗРАСТА.
Authors: Л.А. Бастарбекова , Р.И. Рахимжанова , Т.Б. Даутов , К.С. Алтенов , Ж.А. Молдаханова , А.Ж. Бимахан , Б.Б. Калиев 
Published: November 2024

Тотальный аномальный дренаж легочных вен (ТАДЛВ) - редкий врожденный порок сердца, диагностируемый лишь у 1% пациентов с подобными аномалиями [2]. Этот порок является серьезным, и лишь немногим новорожденным удается пережить первый год жизни без хирургического вмешательства. При ТАДЛВ легочные вены обычно соединяются с системными венами, правым предсердием или коронарным синусом. Этот дефект может сопровождаться различными другими аномалиями развития сердца, особенно с изомерией предсердий. До эры кардиохирургии большинство детей с ТАДЛВ умирало на ранних стадиях жизни. Прогноз выживаемости у пациентов с необструктивной формой ТАДЛВ обычно более благоприятный, чем у тех, у кого имеется обструктивная форма этого порока [1].
Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) is a rare congenital heart defect, diagnosed in only 1% of patients with such anomalies [2]. This defect is serious, and only a few newborns manage to survive the first year of life without surgical intervention. In TAPVC, the pulmonary veins typically connect to systemic veins, the right atrium, or the coronary sinus. This defect may be associated with various other heart development anomalies, especially atrial isomerism. Before the era of cardiothoracic surgery, most children with TAPVC died at an early age. The survival prognosis for patients with the nonobstructive form of TAPVC is usually more favorable than for those with the obstructive form of the defect [1].
Өкпе көк тамырларының тұтас аномалиялық дренажы туа біткен жүрек ақаулары бар науқастардың тек 1%- ында кездесетін сирек туа біткен жүрек аномалиясы [2]. Жаңа туылған нәрестелердің өмірінің бірінші жылынан кейін операциясыз өмір сүруі қауіпті аномалия болып табылады және бұл аномалияда өкпенің барлық көк түбіжүйелік тамырлармен байланысты, оң жақ атриум немесе коронарлық синус октадасы жүректіңкең ақауларымен байланысты болуы мүмкін, әсіресе атриальды атрезия.ӨКТАД бар балалардың көпшілігі өмірінің алғашқы бірнеше айында жүрекке операция жасалмас бұрын қайтыс болды. Обструктивті ӨКТАД типті науқастарда өмір сүру ұзақтығы жоғары [1].
Миры и звуки Александра Кнайфеля
Authors: В.Г. Тарнопольский 
Published: November 2024

Эссе посвящено светлой памяти композитора Александра Кнайфеля (1943–2024), с которым автора связывали не только творческие, но также теплые дружеские отношения. В тексте отражено личное восприятие музыкальной эстетики этого уникального композитора и обрисованы некоторые черты его индивидуальности. Воспроизводятся отдельные яркие эпизоды профессионального и дружеского общения, в частности, описывается «почти ритуал» совместного прослушивания одного из знаковых сочинений Кнайфеля «Agnus Dei», состоявшегося у него дома в июне 1988 года во время III Международного музыкального фестиваля. Автор делится своим впечатлением от словно бы «беззвучной» музыки этого сочинения и его необычной, радикальной идеи, порождающей мощный поток мыслей, чувств и ассоциаций.
This essay is dedicated to the memory of the composer Alexander Knaifel (1943–2024), with whom the author had both artistic and warm friendship relations. The text reflects a personal perception of the musical aesthetics of this unique composer and outlines some special features of his personality. It repro­duces some vivid episodes of professional and friendly communication, in particular, it describes the “almost ritual” of listening together to one of Knaifel’s important works, Agnus Dei, which took place at his home in June 1988 during the 3rd International Music Festival. The author also shares his impression of this work’s almost “silent” music and its unusual, radical idea, which generates a powerful flow of thoughts, feelings and associations.
Концепция «действенной музыки» Александра Вустина
Authors: Е.Г. Окунева 
Published: November 2024

В центре внимания автора статьи — концепция «действенной музыки» Александра Вустина. В 1970-е годы композиторские размышления сосредоточились на особой роли музыки, которая была бы способна, подобно ритуалу, вовлечь слушателя в процесс звуковых событий. Не порывая с традиционным концертным обиходом, Вустин в то же время стремился изменить способ коммуникации со слушателем, преодолев пассивность его восприятия. Идея «действенной музыки» получила реализацию в сочинениях, объединенных в пятичастный цикл: «Слово» (1975), «Memoria 2» (1978), «Возвращенье домой» (1981), «Посвящение Бетховену» (1984) и «Праздник» (1987). На основе анализа этих пьес в статье выявляются основополагающие принципы «действенной музыки». К ним относятся: специфическая роль ударных инструментов, трактуемых как сольная группа и обладающих суггестивной силой; совмещение различных принципов формообразования и композитор­ских техник, отражающее синкретичность композиторско­го мышления, стремящегося преодолеть любые исторические и временны́е границы; полифония пластов; структурирование звукового пространства числами; крещендирующий тип драматургии. Творческие идеи Вустина, направленные на активизацию слушательского сознания и преемственно связанные с вебер­новской эстетикой, в то же время оказываются созвучны поискам перформативных практик второй половины ХХ века, но отличаются от них принципиальной установкой на сохранение конвенциональных границ искусства.
The article discusses the concept of “active music” by Alexander Vustin. In the 1970s, the composer’s thoughts focused on the special role of music, which would be able, like a ritual, to involve the listener in the process of sound events. Without breaking with the traditional concert routine, Vustin, at the same time, sought to change the way of communication with the listener, overcoming the passivity of his perception. The idea of “active music” was realized in composi­tions united in a five-part cycle: “The Word” (1975), “Memo­ria 2” (1978), “Homecoming” (1981), “Hommage à Beetho­ven” (1984) and “Festivity” (1987). Based on the analysis of these pieces, the article identifies the basic principles of “active music.” These include the specific role of percussion instruments, interpreted as a solo group and having suggestive power; the combination of various principles of form shaping and compositional techniques, reflecting the syncretism of the composer’s thinking, striving to overcome any historical and temporal boundaries; the polyphony of layers; structuring the sound space with numbers; the crescendo type of dramaturgy. Vustin’s creative ideas, aimed at activating the listener’s consciousness and successively connected with Webern’s aesthetics, at the same time, turn out to be consonant with the search for performative practices of the second half of the 20th century but differ from them in their fundamental orientation towards preserving the conventional boundaries of art.
Фортепиано Сальваторе Шаррино: новые фактурные принципы и поэтика интерпретации
Authors: О.А. Красногорова 
Published: November 2024

Фокусируя исследование на трактовке фортепиано в творчестве Сальваторе Шаррино, автор статьи осмысляет художественно-эстетические аспекты интерпретации и определяет новые фактурные принципы фортепианной музыки композитора. Применение в исследовании метода целостного анализа сочинения и задач его исполнения обуслав­ливает особый ракурс рассмотрения художественной образности и стилистики произведений для фортепиано Шаррино с привлечением параллелей с живописными концепциями Леонардо да Винчи, а также с некоторыми философскими идеями Анри Бергсона. Ретроспективный взгляд на историю эволюции инструмента позволяет автору прийти к выводам о «собирательной» трактовке звукового образа фортепиано в творчестве Шаррино и усмотреть аналогии с обобщающим семейство инструментов понятием «клавир» в эпоху органно-клавирного искусства, когда современный рояль был отсутствующим, но воображаемым инструментом. Для выявления и систематизации видов фортепианного изложения в статье анализируется проекция на область фактуры концепции «фигуры», предлагаемой композитором. В научный обиход впервые вводятся определения фактурных принципов фортепианной музыки Шаррино и характеризуются их ключевые признаки.
Focusing the research on the interpretation of the piano in the work of Salvatore Sciarrino, the article’s author comprehends the artistic and aesthetic aspects of interpretation and defines new textural principles of the composer’s piano music. The method of holistic analysis of the work and the tasks of its performance determines a special angle of consideration of the artistic imagery and stylistics of the compositions for piano by Sciarrino, drawing parallels with the picto­rial concepts of Leonardo da Vinci and with some philo­sophical ideas of Henri Bergson. A retrospective look at the history of the instrument’s evolution allows the author to come to conclusions about the peculiar interpretation of the sound image of the piano in Sciarrino’s work and to see analogies with the term “clavier” generalizing the family of instruments in the era of organ and keyboard art, when the modern piano was an absent but imaginary instrument. To identify and systematize the types of piano exposition, the author analyses the projection of the composer’s concept of “figure” onto the field of texture. For the first time, definitions of the textural principles of Sciarrino’s piano music are introduced into scholarly usage and their key features are characterized.
Блаженство по Иоганнесу: о семантике творчества Иоганнеса Брамса
Authors: П.В. Захарова 
Published: November 2024

В статье обобщается опыт семантического анализа музыки Иоганнеса Брамса, осуществленного согласно оригинальной авторской методологии. В ее основе лежит представление о том, что в творчестве композитора можно усмотреть систему музыкаль­ных топосов, то есть устойчивых художественных образов, наделенных конкретным музыкальным воплощением. Отдельные топосы идентифицируются в процессе интерпретации вокальных и программно-инструментальных произведений Брамса, то есть музыки со словом: критерием является устойчивая связь между определенными словесными образами и представлениями, с одной стороны, и сопровождающими их появление комплексами музыкально-выразительных средств — с другой. Цель статьи — доказать, что система топосов в произведениях Брамса репрезентирует мировоззрение композитора, его религиозно-философские взгляды, соотносящиеся, в частности, с феноменом культурпротестантизма. В центре брамсовского мировоззрения, воплощенного в музыкальных звуках, находится топос блаженства, в то время как остальные топосы раскрывают и дополняют эту центральную категорию, отражая в конечном итоге стремление композитора обрести смысл человеческого существования и его строгие нравственные принципы как руководство к жизни.
The article generalizes the experience of Johannes Brahms’ music semantic analisis, composed according to the original author’s methodology. In its basis lies the comprehension that a system of musical topoi can be observed in the composer’s oeuvre, in other words, an enduring and established artistic image, enhanced with specific musical embodiment. Spe­cific topoi can be identified in the process of inter­pre­tation of vocal and program instrumental Brahms’ music, i. e. music with words. Criterion is the established connection between certain verbal images and conceptions on one side and complexes of musical and expressive means conducting their emergence—on the other. The article aims to prove that the system of topoi in Brahms’ oeuvre represents the composer’s own worldview, and his religious and philosophical attitudes, related in part to the phenomenon of cultural Protestantism. The topos of beatitude is at the centre of his worldview, embodied in musical sounds. At the same time, the other topoi open up and expand the central category, in the end, reflecting the composer’s pursuit to acquire the point of human existence, along with the strict moral principles of life’s direction.