bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and safety of a capsule endoscope delivery device in children
Authors: Iwama Itaru , Shimizu Hirotaka , Nambu Ryusuke , Okuhira Takeru , Kakuta Fumihiko , Tachibana Nao , Abe Naoki , Honma Hitoshi , Kudo Takahiro , Nakayama Yoshiko 
Published: August 2019

Objectives
This multicenter, cross-sectional study aimed to elucidate the efficacy and safety of the AdvanCE capsule endoscope delivery device for children in Japan.

Methods
The present study analyzed 183 cases of small bowel capsule endoscope (SBCE) insertion performed using the AdvanCE in 154 patients aged less than 18 years at participating institutions between 2013 and 2017. Statistical analyses were conducted to identify factors contributing to the completion rate for the entire small intestine examination, small intestine transit time, adverse events and technical issues.

Results
The commonest reason for using the AdvanCE was the patient’s inability to swallow the SBCE, which was attributed to young age. SBCE was successfully delivered into the stomach or duodenum in 180 cases and was placed in the duodenum in 90% patients. In 89% patients, the entire small intestine was completely examined, and in 63% patients, findings leading to a new diagnosis or involving changing or maintaining the treatment strategy were obtained. No severe adverse events were observed; however, mild adverse events were observed in 35% patients. No factors considerably contributed to the completion rate for the entire small intestine examination or small intestine transit time and onset of technical issues. The factors that contributed to mild adverse events included intravenous anesthesia, technical issue, and absence of prior insertion of a patency capsule using the AdvanCE.

Conclusion
The AdvanCE is well tolerated and effective for children.
Criteria for difficult biliary cannulation: start to count
Authors: Ismail Shamel , Udd Marianne , Lindström Outi , Rainio Mia , Halttunen Jorma , Kylänpää Leena 
Published: August 2019

Objective
In European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy guidelines, biliary cannulation of native papilla is defined as difficult in the presence of >5 papilla contacts, >5 min cannulation time or >1 unintended pancreatic duct cannulation (5-5-2). The aim is to test 5-5-2-criteria in a single-center practice predicting the risk of post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis (PEP), and to study the efficacy of transpancreatic biliary sphincterotomy (TPBS) as an advanced method for biliary cannulation.

Methods
Prospectively collected data of 821 patients with native papilla were analyzed. Primary cannulation was the first method chosen for cannulation (sphincterotome and a guidewire). Advanced cannulation method was endoscopist-chosen cannulation method after failed primary cannulation.

Results
Primary cannulation succeeded in 599 (73%) patients in a median of 2 min. TPBS ± needle knife resulted in a 90% success rate. The final cannulation success was 814 (99.1%) cases in a median of 5.3 min. PEP risk was 4.0%. When primary cannulation succeeded, the PEP rate was 2.3%. When advanced methods were needed, the PEP rate increased to 13.5%. Altogether 311 (37.9%) patients fulfilled at least one 5-5-2-criterion. In patients without 5-5-2-criteria, the primary cannulation succeeded in 79.6% (n = 477), compared to 20.4% (n = 122) with the criteria, P < 0.001, indicating the need to exchange the cannulation method instead of persistence. If all the 5-5-2-criteria were present, the risk of PEP was 12.7%.

Conclusion
The results support the use of the 5-5-2-criteria for difficult cannulation. TPBS is an effective advanced cannulation method with an acceptable complication rate.
The Impact of Rhode Island’s Multipayer Patient-centered Medical Home Program on Utilization and Cost of Care
Authors: Cole Megan B. , Galárraga Omar , Wilson Ira B. 
Published: August 2019

Objective:
To estimate the effect of patient-centered medical home (PCMH) participation on cost and utilization of care for patients in Rhode Island’s statewide, multipayer PCMH program, which serves over one-third of the state population.

Data Sources/Study Setting:
2009–2014 claims data from all payers in Rhode Island, representing >743,000 unique patients.

Study Design:
A propensity score–matched difference-in-differences framework was used to separately estimate the effect of the PCMH on 3 patient cohorts, which were defined by their intervention start dates and amounts of implementation time. Outcomes included patient costs (total, inpatient, outpatient, professional, pharmacy) and utilization [emergency department (ED) visits, preventable ED visits, inpatient admissions, preventable inpatient admissions, all-cause 30-day readmissions]. Interaction effects were estimated to assess heterogeneity among clinical risk groups and payers.

Principal Findings:
There was no evidence of a PCMH effect on total costs, though we observed evidence of an increase in the odds of PCMH patients having outpatient and professional costs, and in one cohort, a decrease in inpatient costs for those with an inpatient visit. We also observed evidence of reduced ED visits, preventable ED visits, and inpatient admissions for PCMH patients. While subgroup effects varied by cohort and measure, high-risk patients often experienced the largest reductions in ED visits.

Conclusions:
All PCMH cohorts experienced statistically significant reductions in some types of utilization in as little as 1.25 years. Reductions were greatest for measures included in the PCMH contractual agreement. While PCMH programs may not expect cost savings in the short-term, costs could potentially be reduced in the longer-term through avoided ED and inpatient expenses.
Nurses' Attitudes Toward Electronic Clinical Quality Measures
Authors: Lin Feng-Lien , Huang Szu-Fen , Hou I-Ching 
Published: August 2019

Background:
Electronic clinical quality measures (eCQMs) are a method that automatically extract data from electronic health records (EHRs) and compute and generate the results to report and track the quality of care and patient outcomes.

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to explore nurses' attitudes toward eCQMs and the factors influencing this attitude.

Methods:
A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted using a closed-ended questions survey of 92 nurses in a teaching hospital.

Results:
The average score for nurses' attitudes toward eCQMs was 3.47 out of 4. Participants with a master's degree had more positive attitudes than those with a baccalaureate degree. Head nurses had more positive attitudes than staff nurses.

Conclusions:
The nurses in the study hospital have a positive attitude toward eCQMs. Health care organizations should strengthen the attitudes of nurses toward eCQMs.
Neurasthenia
Authors: Overholser James C. , Beale Eleanor E. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Neurasthenia was a popular diagnosis from 1869 through 1930. Despite being discarded, the core symptoms of neurasthenia can still be found throughout modern society. The present article reviews the symptoms, common course, proposed causes, and common treatments for neurasthenia. Similarities are seen in several familiar diagnoses, including depression, chronic fatigue syndrome, and fibromyalgia. Through reviewing the trends of neurasthenia, modern doctors may learn more about the subtleties of the diagnostic process, as well as the patient-physician relationship. The goal is to learn from the past as it relates to current problems that may be related to the stress of modern living. The history of neurasthenia is presented as it relates to problems that may remain today.
Madness and Crime
Authors: Haldipur C.V. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
It is generally acknowledged that the insanity defense has its roots in ancient Greek philosophy. There are references to the insanity defense in the works of Plato and Homer. Little, though, is known about how non-Western cultures dealt with the insane who commit crimes. This article focuses on one non-Western culture: ancient India. The author refers to extant medical texts and Sanskrit literature to argue that the notion that the insane are not responsible for criminal acts was current during that epoch.
Use of the Electrodiagnostic Entrustable Professional Activity for Competency Assessment in Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Training Programs
Authors: Baer Heather R. , Gilbert Aaron R. , Forster Jeri E. , Ketchum Nicholas C. , Mallow Michael , Nguyen Vu Q. C. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Entrustable professional activities have emerged as a means for the evaluation of resident competency that is expressed in terms of the assessed need for supervision. Recently, 19 physical medicine and rehabilitation–specific entrustable professional activities were published (Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2017;96:762–764). The electrodiagnostic entrustable professional activity and six new electrodiagnostic entrustable professional activities subcategories (observable practice activities) were piloted as an entrustable professional activities/observable practice activities set within five residency programs. Survey-based (quantitative) and open-ended (qualitative) feedback was collected from participants. Participating attendings found this method feasible and generally reported satisfaction with the entrustable professional activities/observable practice activities as a means of providing feedback to residents. Residents were less clear on the added value of this approach. Qualitative data supported the need for adjustments to the entrustment scale to allow for more gradations within supervisory levels, a standardized orientation of residents to the use of observable practice activities and an increased quantity of assessments for each observable practice activities category to allow for demonstration of resident progress toward independence. Use of the electrodiagnostic entrustable professional activity/observable practice activities set shows promise as a means for observational competency assessment in the outpatient setting. However, feedback acquired through this pilot study suggests changes that could be made to improve future implementation.
Technical Strategy of Bone Graft Augmentation in the Anterior Maxilla
Authors: Ribeiro Jonathan , Pereira Rodrigo dos Santos , Marin Charles , Granato Rodrigo , Fernandes Breno dos Reis , Mulinari-Santos Gabriel , Mendes Bruno Coelho , Hochuli Eduardo 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Bone graft augmentation in the anterior maxilla has a high successful rate. However, suture dehiscence and consequent bone graft exposure can compromise and fail this procedure. Therefore, this article presents a new strategy of closure technique to guarantee the bone graft augmentation. The sutures occur in muscular and mucous planes to avoid suture tension, thus decreasing complications of bone graft augmentation in the anterior maxilla.
Surgical Management of the Palatal Pleomorphic Adenoma
Authors: Moon Seong-Yong 
Published: August 2019

Introduction:
Surgical excision is the basic treatment option of the palatal pleomorphic adenoma (PA), it is generally accepted to prevent for recurrence. The purpose of this study was to determine the decision criteria for the management of the palatal PA through evaluating the postoperative results of palatal PA correlation with the clinical appearance.

Materials and Methods:
All of patients were evaluated the mucosal ulceration, palatal erosion, and size with CT images in all 18 palatal PAs. The clinical features, surgical methods, and surgical results of these 18 PAs were reviewed.

Results:
The most common age was 51 to 70 years. One patient was in pediatric age (14 years). Females were involved more commonly than males (F:M ratio was 5:1) Mucosa was normal in 16 patients. Ulcerations of the overlying mucosa were seen in 2 cases. On the coronal CT images, hard palate was erosion in 14 patients who had involved hard palate. The size of tumors was from 7 mm to 33 mm in CT scans. Two patients were ruptured the tumor during the operation, and 1 out of 2 patients was recurred.

Conclusions:
For the definitive diagnosis is necessary to perform the preoperative core biopsy for the histopathological examination, and CT is necessary for evaluating the erosion of the hard palate and severity of the erosion. Hard palatal PA can be managed by surgical enucleation and removal of the periosteum or involved bone. Soft palatal PA can be managed by surgical enucleation without mucosal resection. Rupture of the tumor is related to the recurrence.
Life-saving interventions in pediatric trauma: A National Trauma Data Bank experience
Authors: Swendiman Robert A. , Sharoky Catherine E. , Russell Katie W. , Goldshore Matthew A. , Blinman Thane A. , Nance Michael L. 
Published: August 2019

BACKGROUND
Emergent procedures are infrequent in pediatric trauma. We sought to determine the frequency and efficacy of life-saving interventions (LSI) performed for pediatric trauma patients within the first hour of care at a trauma center.

METHODS
The National Trauma Data Bank (2010–2014) was queried for patients 19 years or younger who underwent LSIs within 1 hour of arrival to the emergency department. Life-saving interventions included emergency department thoracotomy (EDT) and emergent airway procedures (EAP). Multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate the influence of patient and hospital characteristics on mortality.

RESULTS
Of 725,284 recorded traumatic encounters, only 1,488 (0.2%) pediatric patients underwent at least one of the defined LSI during the 5-year study period (EDT, 1,323; EAP, 187). Most patients (85.6%) were 15 years or older. Mortality was high but varied by procedure type (EDT, 64.3%; EAP, 28.3%). Mortality for patients younger than 1 year undergoing EDT was 100%, decreasing to 62.6% in patients aged 15 years to 19 years. For EAP, mortality ranged from 66.7% for infants to 27.2% in 15-year-old to 19-year-old patients. Lower Glasgow Coma Scale score, higher Injury Severity Score, presence of shock, and a blunt mechanism of injury were independently associated with mortality in the EDT cohort. On average, trauma centers in this study performed approximately one LSI per year, with only 13.8% of cases occurring at a verified pediatric trauma center.

CONCLUSION
Life-saving interventions in the pediatric trauma population are uncommon and outcomes variable. Novel solutions to keep proficient at such interventions should be sought, especially for younger children. Guidelines to improve identification of appropriate candidates for LSI are critical given their rare occurrence.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Retrospective cohort study, III.
Immunosuppression and Graft Rejection in Living-related HLA-identical Renal Transplantation: The RADOVFULL Study
Authors: Ossman Rim , Jamme Matthieu , Moulin Bruno , Legendre Christophe , Morelon Emmanuel , Frimat Luc , Hourmant Maryvonne , Durrbach Antoine , Malvezzi Paolo , Rostaing Lionel , Luc Taupin Jean , Mesnard Laurent , Rondeau Eric 
Published: August 2019

Background.
We aimed to describe the immunosuppressive regimens and graft rejection rates in living-related HLA-identical (LR HLAid) renal transplantation.

Methods.
We performed a retrospective multicenter analysis of the French national database for LR HLAid renal transplantations performed between 2002 and 2012. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed to determine risk factors for graft rejection in LR HLAid recipients.

Results.
A total of 27 218 renal transplantations were performed, of whom 163 had a LR HLAid donor. About immunosuppressive treatment, <60% of the cohort had induction therapy with polyclonal or monoclonal antibodies, 28% did not receive calcineurin inhibitors, and 36% did not receive steroids in maintenance. Biopsy-proven acute rejection was diagnosed in 21 patients (12.9%). Rejection occurred on an average of 24 months after transplantation, in 28.5% of the cases after minimization of immunosuppression. Factors associated with rejection were age of recipient (OR, 0.91 [0.84–0.96]; P = 0.003), the body mass index of donors (odds ratio [OR], 1.22 [1.04–1.46]; P = 0.01), and minimization of immunosuppression (OR, 26.2 [5.48–166.6]; P < 0.001). Overall and graft survival rates were not statistically different according to rejection at 1, 5, and 10 years posttransplantation.

Conclusions.
Minimization of immunosuppression should be done with caution in LR HLAid renal transplantations.
Spontaneous Venous Pulsations Detected With Infrared Videography
Authors: McHugh James A. , D'Antona Linda , Toma Ahmed K. , Bremner Fion D. 
Published: August 2019

Background:
Assessment of spontaneous venous pulsation (SVP) is commonly undertaken to help determine whether intracranial pressure (ICP) is elevated. Previous studies using direct ophthalmoscopy or slit-lamp assessments have found that SVP is not observed in 67%–81% of subjects with normal ICP, and that interobserver agreement when grading SVP is poor.

Methods:
Patients (n = 105) undergoing clinically indicated retinal OCT scans, who were all believed to have normal ICP, had 10-second infrared video recordings performed with the Heidelberg Spectralis OCT system (Heidelberg Engineering GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany). The presence and amplitude of SVP in each video was independently graded by 2 neuro-ophthalmologists.

Results:
The 2 observers found SVP present in 97% and 98% of right eyes and in one or both eyes in 99% and 100% of subjects. Interobserver agreement was high (Cohen's kappa 0.82 for right eyes). Optic discs with a smaller cup had a significantly lower SVP amplitude (Spearman's rho = 0.22, P = 0.02).

Conclusions:
Infrared video is widely available in eye clinics by the use of OCT imaging systems and is substantially more sensitive in detecting SVP than traditional assessments using ophthalmoscopy. SVP is absent in as few as 1% of people with presumed normal ICP.
In silicoand empirical evaluation of twelve COI & 16S metabarcoding primer sets for insectivorous diet analyses
Authors: Tournayre Orianne , Leuchtmann Maxime , Filippi-Codaccioni Ondine , Trillat Marine , Piry Sylvain , Pontier Dominique , Charbonnel Nathalie , Galan Maxime 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis last decade, environmental DNA metabarcoding approaches have been developed and improved to minimize biological and technical biases; some challenges, however, remain, as the design of primers. Here we have performed a comprehensive assessment of ten COI and two 16S primer sets. We have combinedin silico, in vivo-mock community of 33 arthropod taxa from 16 orders and guano analyses to identify primer sets that should maximize arthropod detection and taxonomic identification, whilst identifying bat species and minimizing labour time and cost. We have focused on two insectivorous bat species living in mixed-colonies, the greater horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus ferrumequinum) and Geoffroy’s bat (Myotis emarginatus). We have found that the level of primer degeneracy is the main factor influencing arthropod detection forin silicoand mock community analyses, while the amplicon length is critical for the detection of arthropods from degraded DNA samples. Our results confirm the importance of performing predator detection and taxonomic identification, simultaneously with arthropod sequencing, as faeces samples can be contaminated by different insectivorous species. Moreover, amplifying bat DNA does not affect the primers’ capacity to detect arthropods. We therefore recommend the systematic simultaneous identification of predator and prey. Finally, we evidenced that one third of the prey occurrences are unreliable and probably not of primary interest in diet studies, which might decrease the relevance of combining several primer sets instead of using one efficient primer set. In conclusion, this study provides general criteria enabling the selection of primers whilst considering different scientific and methodological constraints.
Electrophysiological evidence for impaired auditory sensory memory in Cystinosis despite typical sensory processing: An MMN investigation
Authors: Francisco Ana A. , Foxe John J. , Horsthuis Douwe J. , Molholm Sophie 
Published: August 2019

AbstractCystinosis, a genetic rare disease characterized by cystine accumulation and crystallization, results in significant damage in a multitude of tissues and organs, such as the kidney, thyroid, eye, and brain. While Cystinosis’ impact on brain function is relatively mild compared to its effects on other organs, the increased lifespan of this population and thus potential for productive societal contributions have led to increased interest on the effects on brain function. Nevertheless, and despite some evidence of structural brain differences, the neural impact of the mutation is still not well characterized.Here, using a passive duration oddball paradigm (with different stimulus onset asynchronies (SOAs), representing different levels of demand on memory) and high-density electrophysiology, we tested basic auditory processing in a group of 22 children and adolescents diagnosed with Cystinosis (age range: 6-17 years old) and in neurotypical age-matched controls (N=24). We examined whether the N1 and mismatch negativity (MMN) significantly differed between the groups and if those neural measures correlated with verbal and non-verbal IQ. Individuals diagnosed with Cystinosis presentedsimilarN1 responses to their age-matched peers, indicating typical basic auditory processing in this population. However, whereas both groups showed similar MMN responses for the shortest (450ms) SOA, suggesting intact change detection and sensory memory, individuals diagnosed with Cystinosis presented clearly reduced responses for the longer (900ms and 1800ms) SOAs. This could indicate reduced duration auditory sensory memory traces, and thus sensory memory impairment, in children and adolescents diagnosed with Cystinosis. Future work addressing other aspects of sensory and working memory is needed to understand the underlying bases of the differences described here, and their implication for higher order processing.
Impact of ultrasonography on identifying noninvasive prenatal screening false-negative aneuploidy
Authors: Li Wei , Zeng Fanwei , Fan Baitong , Yu Nan , Wu Jing , Yang Yun , Huang Hui , Li Sheng-li , Peng Zhiyu 
Published: August 2019

PurposeTo evaluate the impact of ultrasonography (US) on identifying noninvasive prenatal screening (NIPS) false-negative aneuploidy.MethodsAnalysis of large population-based NIPS false-negative aneuploidy data comprising karyotypes, clinical outcomes, and US results.ResultsFrom December 2010 to July 2018, a total of 3,320,457 pregnancies were screened by NIPS performed in BGI; among them, 69 NIPS false-negative aneuploidy cases with informed consent were confirmed, and US examination data for 48 cases were not available. Of the 21 cases with US results, 19 (90.5%) had various abnormalities on ultrasound, and 2 (9.5%) cases were shown to be normal on ultrasound. Additionally, 6 out of 7 live born fetuses (approximately 85.7%) were found to have abnormalities on ultrasound. Ventricular septal defects constituted the most frequently observed ultrasound abnormality type among the 21 NIPS false-negative aneuploidy cases.ConclusionNIPS has expanded rapidly worldwide and now accounts for a large proportion of prenatal screening tests in China. This study suggests that abnormal US findings should not be neglected, even when NIPS produces a negative result. Combining NIPS with an US examination can further reduce the incidence of livebirths with aneuploidy.