bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Active Inference Models of AV Takeovers: Relating Model Parameters to Trust, Situation Awareness, and Fatigue
Authors: Wei Ran , McDonald Anthony D. , Mehta Ranjana K. , Garcia Alfredo 
Published: November 2024

Objective Our objectives were to assess the efficacy of active inference models for capturing driver takeovers from automated vehicles and to evaluate the links between model parameters and self-reported cognitive fatigue, trust, and situation awareness. Background Control transitions between human drivers and automation pose a substantial safety and performance risk. Models of driver behavior that predict these transitions from data are a critical tool for designing safer, human-centered, systems but current models do not sufficiently account for human factors. Active inference theory is a promising approach to integrate human factors because of its grounding in cognition and translation to a quantitative modeling framework. Method We used data from a driving simulation to develop an active inference model of takeover performance. After validating the model’s predictions, we used Bayesian regression with a spike and slab prior to assess substantial correlations between model parameters and self-reported trust, situation awareness, fatigue, and demographic factors. Results The model accurately captured driving takeover times. The regression results showed that increases in cognitive fatigue were associated with increased uncertainty about the need to takeover, attributable to mapping observations to environmental states. Higher situation awareness was correlated with a more precise understanding of the environment and state transitions. Higher trust was associated with increased variance in environmental conditions associated with environmental states. Conclusion The results align with prior theory on trust and active inference and provide a critical connection between complex driver states and interpretable model parameters. Application The active inference framework can be used in the testing and validation of automated vehicle technology to calibrate design parameters to ensure safety.
Reducing the prime cardiopulmonary bypass volume during paediatric cardiac surgery
Authors: Mathieu Laurent , Brunetti César , Detchepare Jean , Flambard Maude , Germain Christine , Langouet Elise , Tafer Nadir , Roubertie François , Ouattara Alexandre 
Published: November 2024

Introduction Despite technological advances, the use of homologous blood to prime the cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) circuits of infants under 10 kg remains common. However, such rapid massive transfusion may increase post-CPB morbidity. Method We retrospectively included consecutive patients weighing 2.3–10 kg who underwent cardiac surgery under CPB. Patients were divided into two groups based on their priming volumes: low priming volume (LPV) (below the median volume) or high priming volume (HPV) (the median volume or above). Results The study included 208 patients, of whom 104 had priming volumes below the median [37.9 (28.4–51.7) mL/kg] and 104 had at least the median volume. We recorded positive correlations between the priming volume, on the one hand, and the peak creatinine and CRP levels within 5 days postoperatively, the duration of intensive care unit (ICU) stay, and the mechanical ventilation time, on the other. A relationship was also observed between a higher median priming volume and the need for renal replacement therapy in the ICU and mediastinitis. Conclusion Although the differences in priming volume between the twogroups were small, they significantly influenced the postoperative complications. Perfusionists should seek to limit the priming volume to reduce the post-CPB inflammatory response, the duration of ICU stay, and possibly the risk of mediastinitis.
Investigation of the acute effect of the synthetic hemodialysis membrane on the expression of XRCC1 and PARP1 in chronic hemodialysis patients
Authors: Unal Selin , Yalin Serkan Feyyaz , Altiparmak Mehmet Riza , Batar Bahadir , Guven Mehmet 
Published: November 2024

Objective: The interaction between blood from end-stage renal failure patients undergoing hemodialysis treatment and the hemodialysis (HD) membranes used may lead to DNA damage, contingent upon the biocompatibility of the membranes. Given that this process could impact the disease’s course, it is crucial to assess the efficacy of DNA repair mechanisms. Methods: In our study, we investigated the gene expression levels of XRCC1 and PARP1 enzymes, which are involved in the base excision repair (BER) repair mechanism crucial for repairing oxidative DNA damage, in 20 end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients undergoing HD treatment both before and after dialysis sessions. Additionally, we compared our findings with those from 20 healthy controls. We assessed gene expression levels using real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Results: We observed that the HD process utilizing a polysulfone membrane did not impact the expression levels of genes. However, we noted a lower expression level of the PARP1 gene in ESRD patients undergoing HD compared to the control group (0.021 ± 0.005 vs 0.0019 ± 0.0013, p = 0.0001). Conclusion: Although our study findings indicate that HD membranes do not affect gene expression overall, the specific decrease in PARPI gene expression suggests that the effectiveness of the BER DNA repair mechanism is impaired in ESRD patients, which may play a significant role in the progression of the disease.
A Novel Customized Oral Appliance in Restoring the Height of the Lower Third of the Face
Authors: Chen Itay , Georgolios Alexandros , Horne Sylvia , Tham Tristan , Dume Edlir , Gelb Michael , Romo Thomas 
Published: November 2024

Background: The aging process involves intricate changes in various facial structures, including soft tissue volume, midface descent, lower eyelid position, mandibular height, and skin quality. Bone resorption and jowl formation further contribute to facial aging. We introduce a pioneering non-surgical aesthetic device designed to rejuvenate the face by addressing the loss of vertical facial architecture. Methods: Six patients underwent treatment with a customized bite plate, combined with injectable fillers in the perioral area. Treatment was administered by a facial plastic surgeon following established standards of care. Results: Patient feedback was overwhelmingly positive, with only 3 of 36 responses being negative. Computed tomography (CT) scans revealed improved bites in all 5 patients who underwent pre-treatment and post-treatment scans. A 3-mm increase in incisor bite for every 1 mm of molar bite was observed, demonstrating the effectiveness of the bite plate. Conclusion: The presented innovative device showcases promising outcomes, emphasizing its potential to restore the architectural integrity of the lower third of the face. Positive patient feedback serves as a critical endorsement for this groundbreaking technology in facial rejuvenation.
Combination of High-Dose Parenteral Ascorbate (Vitamin C) and Alpha-Lipoic Acid Failed to Enhance Tumor-Inhibitory Effect But Increased Toxicity in Preclinical Cancer Models
Authors: Chen Ping , Lamson Davis , Anderson Paul , Drisko Jeanne , Chen Qi 
Published: November 2024

Background: Intravenous vitamin C (IVC, ascorbate [Asc]) and alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) are frequently coadministered in integrative oncology clinics, with limited understanding of combination effects or drug-drug interactions. As high-dose IVC has anticancer activity through peroxide (H2O2), it is hypothesized that IV ALA, a thiol antioxidant, might have untoward effects when combined with IVC. Methods: In vitro combination index (CI) was investigated in 6 types of human cancer cells, using clinically relevant concentrations of Asc (0.625-20 mM) and ALA (0.25, 0.5, and 1 mM) evaluated by nonconstant ratio metrics. Cellular H2O2 was measured using HeLa cells expressing a fluorescent probe HyPer. Mouse xenografts of the metastatic breast cancer MDA-MB-231 were treated with intraperitoneal injections of ALA (10, 20, and 50 mg/kg) and Asc (0.2, 0.5, and 4 g/kg) at various dose levels. Results: Cancer cell lines were sensitive to Asc treatment but not to ALA. There is no evidence ALA becomes a prooxidant at higher doses. The CIs showed a mixture of synergistic and antagonistic effects with different ALA and Asc combination ratios, with a “U” shape response to Asc concentrations. The ALA concentrations did not influence the CIs or cellular H2O2 formation. Adding ALA to Asc dampened the increase of H2O2. Toxicity was observed in mice receiving prolonged treatment of ALA at all doses. The Asc at all doses was nontoxic. The combination of ALA and Asc increased toxicity. The ALA at all doses did not inhibit tumor growth. The Asc at 4 g/kg inhibited tumor growth. Adding ALA 50 mg/kg to Asc 4 g/kg did not enhance the effect, but lower doses of ALA (10 or 20 mg/kg) dampened the inhibitory effect of Asc. Conclusions: These data do not support the concurrent or relative concurrent use of high-dose intravenous ALA with prooxidative high-dose IVC in clinical oncology care with potentially increased toxicity.
Sequences of sickness absence, disability pension and unemployment four years before and five years after musculoskeletal diagnosis among Swedish twins
Authors: Ropponen Annina , Pettersson Emma , Narusyte Jurgita , Svedberg Pia 
Published: November 2024

Aims: To investigate sustainable working life via identification of time-related sequences of sickness absence (SA), disability pension (DP) and unemployment four years before and five years after the first musculoskeletal diagnosis in a Swedish twin cohort. Other aims were to account for familial confounding and to examine the associations between sequences and sociodemographic characteristics. Methods: Among 28,474 Swedish twins, the patterns of interruptions of working life four years before the first M00-M99 diagnosis (MSD) and five years after MSD diagnosis were investigated with a sequence analysis in a seven-element state space consisting of sustainable working life, unemployment >90 days, moderate SA/DP (30–179 days), almost full year of SA/DP (180–365 days), full year of SA/DP (⩾ 365 days), death, and old-age pension. Results: The six-cluster solution had the best fit to the data. Five clusters had varying patterns of interruptions of sustainable working life (Clusters 2–6, n = 537–1949 with SA/DP, unemployment, but also accounting death and old-age pension) compared with the largest cluster with primarily sustainable working life ( n = 23,316). Age, sex and familial factors affected the likelihood of belonging to the clusters with SA/DP. Conclusions: Most Swedish twins with or without MSD diagnosis have a sustainable working life, although MSD was both prevalent and a strong risk factor for belonging to the clusters with SA/DP. Thus, early prevention of MSD and prevention of recurrent or long sickness absences due to any cause would be merited while paying special attention to women also.
One Month Whole Food Plant-Based Nutrition Educational Program Lowers LDL, A1C, and Decreases Inflammatory Markers
Authors: Musial Sandra , Burns Zachary , Bertman Jack , Fitzgibbon Molly , Mashek Rachel , Risica Patricia Markham 
Published: November 2024

Lifestyle-related chronic disease increases in the United States have led to the need for innovative programs targeting dietary choices. Based on growing evidence supporting whole food plant-based (WFPB) nutrition to improve overall health, we devised a one-month WFPB intervention program, Jumpstart Your Health! (JYH), to introduce and encourage adoption of the WFPB dietary lifestyle. This paper investigates its effects on various health indicators associated with cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Among the total of 150 participants, before and after physical measurements and blood chemistries demonstrate significant (p< 0.05) decreases in weight (−4.2 pounds), cholesterol (−25.3 mg/dl), LDL (−19.0 mg/dl), HDL (−5.6 mg/dl), hemoglobin A1c (−0.2%), and hsCRP (−1.9 mg/L). Among the high-risk participants, we found significant decreases in systolic blood pressure (−10 mmHg), diastolic blood pressure (−8.7 mmHg), weight (−4.3 pounds), cholesterol (−38.8 mg/dl), LDL (−22.7 mg/dl), HDL (−2.8 mg/dl), hemoglobin A1c (−0.2 %), and hsCRP (−2.3 mg/L). We demonstrate that a simple WFPB intervention implemented over one month resulted in significant reductions in physical measurements and blood chemistries that could translate to lowered risk or improvement for obesity, cardiovascular disease, and type-2 diabetes.
Refined ELN 2024 risk stratification improves survival prognostication following venetoclax-based therapy in AML
Authors: Lachowiez Curtis A. , Ravikumar Vishvaas I. , Othman Jad , O’Nions Jenny , Peters Daniel T. , McMahon Christine , Swords Ronan , Cook Rachel , Saultz Jennifer N. , Tyner Jeffrey W. , Dillon Richard , Zeidner Joshua F. , Pollyea Daniel A. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The European LeukemiaNet 2024 risk-stratification guidelines for patients with acute myeloid leukemia receiving hypomethylating agents combined with venetoclax were recently published. This analysis demonstrates reclassification and incorporation of new gene mutations in the present model can further improve and individualize prognostication.
Convergence insufficiency as a predictor of poor prognosis after acute mild traumatic brain injury
Authors: Devani Kavya , Kapoor Neera , Ganti Latha 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is becoming a more common emergency department (ED) presentation. Towards this end, many types of testing in the acute setting are being investigated. One of these is screening for convergence insufficiency (CI) symptoms. These are common problems reported by patients with mTBI, but such oculomotor testing is rarely performed in the ED.

Objective
To assess the feasibility of convergence insufficiency screening in the ED and investigate whether CI is associated with adverse events such as post-concussive symptoms or hospital admission.

Methods
Written informed consent was obtained from patients age 18 years or older who experienced a mild head injury from any mechanism resulting in an mTBI. Patients underwent screening for CI symptoms using a standardized instrument of 15 questions, known as the convergence insufficiency symptom survey (CISS), with responses based on the Likert scale. These data were correlated to outcomes of hospital admission, occurrence of post-concussive symptoms, and 30-day hospital re-admission.

Results
A total of 116 patients were prospectively enrolled, of which 58 were male. The median age was 31 years, with a range of 18 to 95 years of age. The median CISS score was 13, with an interquartile range (IQR) of 6 to 21 and an overall range of 0 to 53. Females presented with a median CISS score of 14, which was higher compared to the male median score of 10. The higher the CISS score, the more likely the patient was to be admitted to the hospital (p = 0.0378), develop symptoms of post-concussive syndrome at 30-day follow up (p = 0.0322), and be readmitted within 30 days (p = 0.0098).

Conclusions
Screening for CI symptoms using the CISS can be a solid adjunct in the evaluation of mTBI in the ED. The CISS is easy and fast to administer, and it is a useful tool to stratify patients in terms of who is at the highest risk of developing complications related to the mTBI.
SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence among people living with HIV in the German HIV-1 Seroconverter Cohort, 2020–2022
Authors: Hohn Oliver , Meixenberger Karolin , Volkwein Alexander , Körner Kyra , Icli Suheda , Koppe Uwe , Hower Martin , Bremer Viviane , Gunsenheimer-Bartmeyer Barbara , Bannert Norbert ,   the German HIV-1 Seroconverter Study Group, Knechten Heribert , Panstruga Petra , Schühlen Helmut , Isner Caroline , Wesselmann Hans , Schürmann Dirk , Bohr Ulrich , Jessen Heiko , Jessen Arne B. , Grunwald Stephan , Gumprecht Jan , Weninger Beate , Hillenbrand Heribert , Karcher Heiko , Rausch Michael , Reineke Thomas , Grimm Roland , Schoor Sarah , Rittweger Michael , Schranz Dietmar , Glaunsinger Tobias , Cordes Christiane , Schulbin Hubert , Brand Sascha , Berger Andreas , Lindemann Sinah , Krznaric Ivanka , Weinberg Gordon , Bruhy Manuel , Potthoff Anja , Skaletz-Rorowski Adriane , Grünewald Thomas , Neumann Julia , Spornraft-Ragaller Petra , Jenke Andreas , Pursche Stefan , Jensen Bjoern , Hüttig Falk , Esser Stefan , Schenk-Westkamp Pia , Haberl Annette , Stephan Christoph , Usadel Susanne , Müller Matthias , Trauth Janina , Buggisch Peter , Wiemer Dorothea , Biemann Lavinia , Rieke Ansgar , Schneeweiß Stephan , Scholten Stefan , Haars Ulrike , Weidemann Jeannine , Ruck Ines , Ebert Matthias P. , Vogelmann Roger , Bogner Johannes , Sonntag Barbara , Mück Birgit , Pauli Ramona , Spinner Christoph D. , Schneider Jochen , Postel Nils , Schübel Niels , Berning Christiane , Roll Clemens , Marquardt Simone , Rößler Steve , Güler Cengiz 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Objectives
People living with HIV (PLWH) are a risk group for severe symptoms and higher mortality during COVID-19. We analyzed the dynamic rise of SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence induced by coinfections and vaccinations in PLWH in the first three years of the pandemic in Germany and compared it with corresponding data available for the general population.

Methods
Each month on average 93 blood samples from the German HIV-1 Seroconverter Cohort, a prospective longitudinal multicenter study that includes PLWH whose date of seroconversion is well defined, were received. The samples from 1569 PLWH were tested for the presence of anti-S1 and if positive, also for anti-N antibodies.

Results
In 2020 the number of anti-S1 positive cases/month was between 0.0 and 6.9% (average 1.6%). Since then the anti-S1 prevalence increased reaching already 35% (33/94) in May 2021. At that time 3.2% of the cases were also anti-N positive. In 2022 the average anti-S1 seroprevalence reached 97.5%. In the vaccination era a positive anti-N response was associated with a younger age and females were overrepresented among anti-S1/anti-N negative samples (assuming no vaccination or infection).

Conclusions
The average 1.6% anti-S1 seroprevalence in the cohort in 2020 was comparable to that in the general population (1.3%). The increase in anti-S1 seroprevalence in the first half of 2021 occurred slightly earlier. This increase was likely caused by the prioritization of PLWH at the early stage of the vaccination campaign and by infections during the third wave of the pandemic.
Infertility treatments and risk of breast benign diseases: a case‒control study
Authors: Moini Ashraf , Alipour Sadaf , Zandi Zahra , Maleki-Hajiagha Arezoo , kashani Ladan , Shakki katouli Fatemeh , Mojtahedi Maryam Farid , Bayani Leila , Abedi Mahboubeh 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Theoretically, endocrine fluctuations occurring during infertility treatments, including ovulation induction (OI) and assisted reproductive techniques (ART), could be associated with an increased risk of benign breast diseases (BBDs). To date, no studies have been conducted on this association. Therefore, the present study investigated the association between different types of infertility treatments and BBDs.

Methods
This case‒control study was conducted in Arash Women’s Hospital, Tehran, Iran. The case group included infertile women diagnosed with BBDs without atypia, and the control group included infertile women without breast disease. Breast imaging studies (mammography/ultrasound) were performed for BBD screening, and the diagnosis was confirmed by histopathological examination. Study variables were collected retrospectively from medical records, hospital databases, and questionnaires.

Results
Finally, 154 infertile women, including 50 cases (BBDs) and 104 controls (no BBDs), were compared. Our data showed that 66% of cases and 61.4% of controls had undergone at least one course of infertility treatment. There was no association between BBD risk and previous infertility treatments (OR = 1.21; 95% CI = 0.59–2.46), ART (OR = 1.14; 95% CI = 0.90–1.44), or OI cycles (OR = 1.13; 95% CI = 0.98–1.32). Stratification by confounding variables did not change these results.

Conclusions
It seems that there is no association between BBDs in infertile women and the type, duration, or number of prior infertility treatments; however, considering the small sample size of the study, the clinical significance of this finding should not be neglected. Therefore, we consider it essential to carry out more extensive, detailed, and prospective studies to distinguish the association of BBDs with different infertility treatments and medications.
Integrating community health workers into HIV care clinics: a qualitative study with health system leaders and clinicians in the Southern United States
Authors: Fuller Shannon M. , Arnold Emily A. , Xavier Jessica , Ibe Chidinma A. , Steward Wayne T. , Myers Janet J. , Rebchook Greg , Koester Kimberly A. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Community health workers (CHWs) can support patient engagement in care for a variety of health conditions, including HIV. This paper reports on the experiences of HIV clinics and health departments that integrated CHWs into their health systems as part of a capacity-building initiative to address HIV-related disparities in the United States.

Methods
Semi-structured interviews were conducted with key informants (n = 14) in two Ryan White HIV/AIDS program jurisdictions: Mississippi (jurisdiction covers the entire state) and the city of New Orleans, Louisiana. This work was part of a larger evaluation of an initiative that used a Learning Collaborative model to facilitate the implementation of evidence-informed interventions to address HIV care continuum gaps in four jurisdictions. The two jurisdictions that focused on integrating CHWs into HIV care clinics and support service agencies were selected for this sub-analysis. Interview participants included HIV clinic leaders and staff, health department leaders, and other Learning Collaborative leaders. Interview transcripts were coded and analyzed for themes related to the acceptability, feasibility, and perceived impact of CHW integration.

Results
Overall, participants expressed interest in having support from CHWs at HIV clinics and service agencies to assist with patient retention and engagement efforts. However, there were challenges integrating CHWs into existing systems (e.g., gaining access to electronic health records, changing policies to conduct home visits, and clarifying roles and scope of work). Negotiating contracts and accessing funding for CHW positions presented major challenges that often contributed to turnover and conflicts around scope of practice. When health departments leveraged existing funding streams to support CHW positions, the clinics and agencies where the CHWs worked had limited flexibility over the hiring process.

Conclusions
Our findings reinforce the value and acceptability of CHWs as part of the workforce in HIV clinical and support service settings; however, integrating CHWs into clinics and service agencies required effort. Training the CHWs was not sufficient; other staff and clinicians had to understand the role of CHWs to facilitate their integration into health systems. Resources are needed to support organizations in incorporating CHWs effectively, and long-term, flexible sources of funding are necessary for these positions.