bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Comparative Study on the Content of “Number and Algebra” in Chinese and British Junior Middle School Mathematics Textbooks
Authors: Wu Libao , Xia Macheng , Du Qing , Wang Guangming 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe content of “Number and Algebra” in Chinese and British junior middle school mathematics textbooks has been studied in terms of overall arrangement and content difficulty based on the framework of the study, and the following suggestions for the compilation of mathematics textbooks in China through the comparative study have been given: focus on the spiral of knowledge and show the system of mathematics; set up a variety of problem situations and improve the quality of illustration and narration; optimize the background of examples and exercises, and pay attention to quantity and stratification; emphasize comprehension and expression, and give full play to the function of “reading, doing and learning”.
Evolution and Prospect of the Textbook Policy for Elementary Education of China in the Past Seven Decades
Authors: Ye Xiaoyan , Zhu Fang , Kong Fanzhe 
Published: November 2024

AbstractTextbooks play a pivotal role in school education, and textbook policies provide the “regulatory” basis for the development and publication of textbooks. In this study, a total of 81 textbook policies were searched and analyzed using the NVivo analysis tool, taking textbook policies in China from 1949 to 2021 as the object of study. By collecting, organizing, classifying, and analyzing the relevant literature, we divided the evolution into four stages by key points, and reviewed the evolution of textbook policies in China's elementary education stage, with the aim of exploring the laws of the development of China's textbook policies, and hoping to provide direct or indirect reference suggestions and materials for the progress of China's textbooks, the development of policies, and the research of related scholars.
The Centennial Changes of the Radian System in Chinese Mathematics Textbooks
Authors: Zhang Lulu , Dai Qin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAs one of the two major units of measuring angles in trigonometric functions, the radian system has irreplaceable advantages and functions, and is widely used in mathematics and other scientific fields. This paper summarizes the history of the radian system for more than 300 years, and through the changes of the radian system in Chinese textbooks for more than 120 years from the end of the Qing Dynasty to the present, it is concluded that the radian system can make mathematical thinking economical and show the beauty of mathematics. At the same time, I give advice: I. Constantly improve the content setting of the radian system in the textbook; II. Further improve the teaching method of the radian system.
Mathematics Teachers’ Perspectives on Textbooks’ Design in Multiplication Tables
Authors: Zhao Xiaoyan , Dong Lianchun , Qiu Yue , Li Tiantian 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe introduction of the multiplication tables (or nine-times table) is of significance to children’s learning of basic multiplication fact. To fulfil the potential of multiplication tables in mathematics teaching and learning, different mathematics textbooks adopt different designs, presenting distinct features regarding the order of introducing multiplication tables, classroom activities and tasks for building connections, etc. This study collected interview data from 18 primary school teachers with different teaching experience, and aimed to reveal teachers’ viewpoints regarding the differences in textbooks’ design in multiplication tables and how they make impacts on the teaching and learning of multiplication at classroom level.
Microarray analysis of gene expression in lung tissues of indium-exposed rats: possible roles of S100 proteins in lung diseases
Authors: Hiraku Yusuke , Tanaka Akiyo , Yamamoto Masato , Nakatani Minori , Kobayashi Mayu , Kimura Eiki , Ahmed Sharif , Murata Mariko 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Indium compounds are used in manufacturing displays of mobile phones and televisions. These compounds cause interstitial pneumonia in workers and lung cancer in animals, but their precise mechanisms are unclear. In this study, we performed microarray analysis of gene expression in lung tissues of indium-exposed rats. Male Wistar rats (8-week-old) were exposed to indium oxide (In2O3, mean particle diameter 0.14 μm) and indium-tin oxide (ITO, mean particle diameter 0.95 μm) by intratracheal instillation (10 mg indium/kg body weight/instillation) twice a week and five times in total. These rats were sacrificed immediately, 3 weeks and 12 weeks after the last instillation. Hematoxylin and eosin and Masson’s trichrome staining showed that indium compounds induced infiltration of neutrophils and macrophages into alveolar space, and fibrosis around bronchial epithelium and in alveolar wall. Microarray analysis revealed that In2O3 and ITO significantly upregulated 233 and 676 genes at 12 weeks, respectively (> twofold, p < 0.05 by ANOVA + Tukey’s test). In2O3 and ITO largely upregulated Lcn2 (lipocalin-2) (49.4- and 91.8-fold), S100a9 (30.2- and 46.5-fold) and S100a8 (11.5- and 22.0-fold), respectively. Metascape database predicted that these genes participate in immunomodulatory and inflammatory responses. Real-time PCR confirmed that these genes were upregulated by indium compounds throughout the experiments. In Western blotting, S100A9 expression was significantly increased by indium exposure, whereas LCN2 expression was only slightly increased. Fluorescent immunohistochemistry revealed that S100A9 and S100A8 were expressed in alveolar epithelial cells and neutrophils in indium-exposed rats. These results suggest that S100 proteins contribute to indium-induced lung diseases via neutrophil-mediated inflammatory responses.
WO3 thin films grown on Si substrates: potential high Tc ferromagnetic semiconductors
Authors: Pham Nguyen Sy , Hong Nguyen Hoa 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWell-defined ferromagnetism (FM) with a very high Tc of about 800 K was found in laser-ablated WO3 films grown on Si wafer substrates. It seems that the observed magnetism is surface related, and oxygen vacancies might play an important role in inducing FM into these oxide semiconductors. The very high Tc FM is observed for the first time in nanosized-WO3, indicating a great potential for spintronic applications.
Konzept der „liquid biopsy“ in der Versorgung maligner Augentumoren
Authors: Coupland Sarah E. , Sonntag Svenja R. , Heimann Heinrich , Grisanti Salvatore 
Published: November 2024

ZusammenfassungDie „liquid biopsy“ ist eine hochmoderne Technik, bei der nichtsolides biologisches Gewebe, v. a. Blut, aber auch okuläre Flüssigkeiten, auf das Vorhandensein von Krebszellen oder Fragmente von Tumor-DNA (Desoxyribonukleinsäure) untersucht wird. Im Gegensatz zu herkömmlichen Biopsien ist die „liquid biopsy“ in der Regel minimal-invasiv und kann häufiger durchgeführt werden, was eine kontinuierliche Überwachung des Krankheitsverlaufs und der Wirksamkeit der Behandlung ermöglicht. In diesem Beitrag (und der dazugehörigen Artikelserie) werden die wichtigsten Entwicklungen bei der „liquid biopsy“ beschrieben, zu denen folgende Analysen gehören: zirkulierende Tumor-DNA (ctDNA), zirkulierende Tumorzellen (CTCs) sowie exosomale RNA- und Proteinbiomarker. Techniken wie die digitale Tröpfchen-PCR (Polymerasekettenreaktion) und die Next-Generation-Sequenzierung(NGS)-Analyse haben es möglich gemacht, selbst sehr geringe Mengen an ctDNA nachzuweisen, was für die Krebsfrüherkennung und die Überwachung von minimalen Resterkrankungen entscheidend ist. Die Erkennung seltener CTCs wurde durch Techniken wie mikrofluidische Geräte und immunmagnetische Separation verbessert. Multi-Omic-Ansätze, bei denen exosomale RNA-, Protein- und ctDNA-Analysen kombiniert werden, tragen dazu bei, ein umfassenderes Bild der Tumorbiologie zu erstellen, was zu besseren Diagnose- und Prognoseinstrumenten führen und bei der Vorhersage von Therapieansprechen und -resistenz helfen könnte. Zu den Herausforderungen der „liquid biopsy“, die im folgenden Artikel noch näher beleuchtet werden, gehören: a) Standardisierung, b) Kosten und Zugänglichkeit, c) Validierung und klinischer Nutzen. Die „liquid biopsy“ ist dennoch ein vielversprechender Ansatz für die Anwendung der okulären Präzisionsonkologie, und die laufende Forschung wird ihre Anwendungsmöglichkeiten in den kommenden Jahren wahrscheinlich erweitern und ihre Effektivität verbessern.
Effects of trabeculectomy on the postoperative central visual field as revealed by refraction values
Authors: Nakajima Kosuke , Sakata Rei , Shirato Shiroaki , Aihara Makoto 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Purpose
To evaluate the effects of trabeculectomy on the rate of deterioration of the central visual field (VF) in patients with normal-tension glaucoma (NTG), as revealed by refraction values.

Study design
Retrospective case series.

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed 28 eyes, including 12 high myopic (spherical equivalent [SE] < ˗ 6 diopters without pathological myopia) and 16 non-high myopic (SE ≥ – 6 diopters) eyes. The rate of VF deterioration (dB/year) was determined using linear regression analysis of 30 -2 and 10 -2 VF tests. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare deterioration rates between groups. To assess the influence of initial post-surgery effects, statistical analyses were conducted with and without data from the initial postoperative VF exam.

Results
Trabeculectomy significantly reduced intraocular pressure (IOP) in myopic (14.1 to 9.0 mmHg, P ≤ 0.01) and non-myopic (13.4 to 9.5 mmHg, P ≤ 0.01) eyes. Postoperatively, the 10-2 VF deterioration rate significantly decreased in myopic (˗ 1.31 to ˗ 0.55 dB/year, P = 0.01) and non-myopic (– 0.80 to – 0.30 dB/year, P = 0.03) eyes. Excluding the first postoperative VF exam, the deterioration rates were – 0.51 ± 0.24 dB/year and – 0.54 ± 0.89 dB/year, respectively, indicating a minor impact on progression assessment.

Conclusions
Trabeculectomy may mitigate central VF deterioration in myopic NTG patients, emphasizing the potential benefits of timely surgical intervention. Further studies are needed to determine the optimal timing for surgery.
Transformational leadership for sustainable productivity in higher education institutions of Cameroon
Authors: Etomes Sophie Ekume , Endeley Margaret Nalova , Aluko Folake Ruth , Molua Ernest L. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the need for transformational leadership in the sustainable development of the productivity in higher education institutions (HEIs) in Cameroon. While institutions always request additional funding, the need for effective allocation and utilization of existing resources is relevant for sustainability. Participants for this study included teachers from state and private HEIs in Cameroon. Correlation and regression models were used to assess the impact of transformational leadership on sustainable productivity grounded in Michael Fullan’s (2011) six secrets of educational change theory. A positive and significant relationship was observed between transformational leadership and the productivity of HEIs. While the practice of transformational leadership was observed more in state-owned HEIs, the impact was more in private than in state HEIs. The mean value for intellectual stimulation for sustainable productivity of higher institutes of learning is higher for the private as compared to that of state institutions showing that intellectual stimulation is more used in private HEIs to improve their productivity than in state-owned HEIs in Cameroon. While the correlational analysis showed that intellectual stimulation has the strongest correlate effect on sustainable productivity, the regression analysis showed that inspirational motivation has more added value to productivity. Based on these findings, we recommend a leadership model for sustaining organizational productivity, where the essence of the effective practice of transformational leadership is collaboration, especially in the change process.
A Comprehensive Review of Mobile Robot Navigation Using Deep Reinforcement Learning Algorithms in Crowded Environments
Authors: Le Hoangcong , Saeedvand Saeed , Hsu Chen-Chien 
Published: November 2024

AbstractNavigation is a crucial challenge for mobile robots. Currently, deep reinforcement learning has attracted considerable attention and has witnessed substantial development owing to its robust performance and learning capabilities in real-world scenarios. Scientists leverage the advantages of deep neural networks, such as long short-term memory, recurrent neural networks, and convolutional neural networks, to integrate them into mobile robot navigation based on deep reinforcement learning. This integration aims to enhance the robot's motion control performance in both static and dynamic environments. This paper illustrates a comprehensive survey of deep reinforcement learning methods applied to mobile robot navigation systems in crowded environments, exploring various navigation frameworks based on deep reinforcement learning and their benefits over traditional simultaneous localization and mapping-based frameworks. Subsequently, we comprehensively compare and analyze the relationships and differences among three types of navigation: autonomous-based navigation, navigation based on simultaneous localization and mapping, and planning-based navigation. Moreover, the crowded environment includes static, dynamic, and a combination of obstacles in different typical application scenarios. Finally, we offer insights into the evolution of navigation based on deep reinforcement learning, addressing the problems and providing potential solutions associated with this emerging field.
Theoretical and experimental study on efficient thorium removal from aquatic environment using phosphate-modified graphene oxide polymeric beads
Authors: Saha Sudeshna , Basu Hirakendu , Choudhury Niharendu , Pimple M. V. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThorium is an element of immense importance in nuclear industry due to lower environmental impact compared to fossil fuels and conventional nuclear power. In the present study, highly selective adsorption of Th4+ on phosphate modified graphene oxide polymeric beads was investigated. The interaction of –PO4, –OH and –O– functional groups of graphene oxide with thorium ion was thoroughly investigated using Density Functional Theory. The adsorption induced density difference was utilized to investigate the bonding characteristics. The affinity of the Th4+ ions was obtained as –PO4 > –OH > –O– group of the phosphate modified graphene oxide. Phosphate modified Graphene oxide embedded in Calcium alginate matrix was characterized using ATR-FTIR, XRD, SEM and Raman spectroscopy. Highly efficient (> 93%) uptake of thorium at pH 5 with fast rate of sorption (< 5 min) was observed in the batch sorption studies.
Comparison Between Prone SPECT-Based Semi-Quantitative Parameters and MBI-Based Semi-Quantitative Parameters in Patients with Locally Advanced Breast Cancer
Authors: van de Burgt Alina , van Velden Floris H. P. , Corion Christinne L. S. , Collarino Angela , Olmos Renato A Valdés , Smit Frits , de Geus-Oei Lioe-Fee , Arias-Bouda Lenka M. Pereira 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Purpose
This study evaluates the semi-quantitative single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) parameters of prone SPECT using [99mTc]Tc-sestamibi and compares them with Molecular Breast Imaging (MBI)-derived semi-quantitative parameters for the potential use of response prediction in women with locally advanced breast cancer (LABC).

Procedures
Patients with proven LABC with a tumor ≥ 2 cm on mammography and an indication for MBI using [99mTc]Tc-sestamibi were prospectively enrolled. All patients underwent a prone SPECT/CT at 5 min (early exam) and an additional scan at 90 min (delayed exam) after injection of 600 MBq [99mTc]Tc-sestamibi to compose wash-out rates (WOR). All patients underwent MBI after early SPECT/CT. Volumes of interest of the primary tumor were drawn semi-automatically on early and delayed SPECT images. Semi-quantitative analysis included maximum and mean standardized uptake values (SUVmax, SUVmean,), functional tumor volume (FTVSPECT), total lesion mitochondrial uptake (TLMU), tumor-to-background ratios (TBRmax and TBRmean), WOR and coefficient of variation (COVSPECT). Subsequently, the FTVSPECT, TBRSPECT and COVSPECT were compared to FTVMBI, TBRMBI and COVMBI.

Results
Eighteen patients were included. Early SUVmax, and TBRmax showed significantly higher interquartile range (IQR) compared to SUVmean and TBRmean, respectively 2.22 (2.33) g/mL, 6.86 (8.69), 1.29 (1.39) g/mL and 3.99 (5.07) (median (IQR), p < 0.05). WOR showed a large IQR (62.28), indicating that there is WOR variation among the LABC patients. FTV showed no difference between MBI and early SPECT semi-quantitative parameter (p = 0.46).

Conclusions
In LABC patients it is feasible to obtain semi-quantitative parameters from prone SPECT/CT. The FTV derived from early prone SPECT/CT is comparable with MBI-based FTV. Studies with comprehensive clinical parameters are needed to establish the clinical relevance of these semi-quantitative parameters, including WOR, for response prediction before its use in clinical routine.
Can the pH-dependent adsorption of phenoxyalkanoic herbicides in soils be described with a single equation?
Authors: Paszko Tadeusz , Spadotto Claudio A. , Huber Miłosz , Jerzykiewicz Maria , Matysiak Joanna , Skrzypek Alicja , Boguta Patrycja 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe six phenoxyalkanoic acid herbicides currently used in the European Union have similar molecular structures. Therefore, we assumed the soil components involved in the adsorption mechanisms of these herbicides to be identical. The values of the adsorption distribution coefficient Kd, obtained via batch experiments involving typical Polish Arenosol, Luvisol, and Chernozem profiles with a native pH of 4.2–7.7, were examined using Lasso regression, as well as adsorption on isolated fractions of humic substances, Al2O3, and goethite. The neutral forms of the herbicides were adsorbed on the surface of fulvic acids available to them, covering soil mesopores with a size of > 2.5 nm. The models revealed that fulvic acids had a lognormal-like distribution in soil pores. Herbicide anions were adsorbed on the pH-dependent sites of Al oxyhydroxides and on the sites created by the Al+3 species adsorbed on the surface of fulvic acids (both sites were active up to pH 7.5), the sites of humic acids associated with the adsorbed Al3+ species, sites of Fe oxyhydroxides (active at pH < 5), and, to a limited extent, sites of humins. Two models describing the adsorption of phenoxyalkanoic acid herbicides in soils were created. A simpler model was based on humic substance fractions and the variables related to the potential acidity of soils. In the more extensive model, humic substance fractions and Al and Fe oxyhydroxide contents were used as predictors, and, where necessary, the predictors were combined with the modified Henderson–Hasselbalch formula to estimate the activity ranges of pH-dependent sorption sites. The study findings revealed that fulvic and humic acids were the main adsorbents of phenoxyalkanoic herbicides in soils, indicating that transporting of the herbicides with dissolved organic matter is an important mechanism of groundwater and surface water contamination with these chemicals.
Polyethersulfone mixed matrix membranes modified with pore formers and Ag-titanate nanotubes: physicochemical characteristics and (bio)fouling study
Authors: Sałacińska Amanda , Sienkiewicz Paulina , Szymański Kacper , Mozia Sylwia 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn the presented studies it was hypothesized that the modification of a polymeric membrane with a pore former and a hybrid nanomaterial composed of titanate nanotubes with deposited Ag nanoparticles (Ag-TNTs NPs) can protect the membrane from the microbial growth, and thus enhance its resistance to biofouling. Polyethersulfone (PES) membranes were prepared by the wet phase inversion, and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) were used as pore formers. The membranes were characterized in terms of morphology, topography, permeability, separation characteristics, and anti-(bio)fouling properties as well as antibacterial activity. The membranes modified with porogens and Ag-TNTs revealed improved hydrophilicity and water permeability compared to the unmodified membrane, from 58 to 66%. Moreover, the improvement in rejection of model dextrans and PEG upon application of the NPs was found. However, the use of PVP or PEG had a negative influence on the resistance to fouling by bovine serum albumin, i.e., ca. 35% of decline of permeate flux was noticed after 2 h of ultrafiltration of BSA. On the contrary, both porogens and NPs contributed to biofouling mitigation. The introduction of pore formers had a positive effect on the inhibition of Escherichia coli growth by the membrane containing Ag-TNTs. The log reduction of bacteria varied from 3.17 to 3.3 in case of stirred and filtration system.
Der russische Angriffskrieg gegen die Ukraine in den deutschen Medien: Kritik des Maßstabs „ausgewogene Bewertung“ in Inhaltsanalysen
Authors: Neuberger Christoph , Hohlfeld Ralf 
Published: November 2024

ZusammenfassungInhaltsanalysen über die Darstellung von Konflikten in den Medien werden häufig durchgeführt, um den Vorwurf der Einseitigkeit empirisch zu überprüfen. Dies wirft die normative Frage auf, wie die Forderung nach einer ausgewogenen Bewertung, d. h. einer Gleichverteilung positiver und negativer Bewertungen zwischen Kontrahenten, als Qualitätsmaßstab rechtfertigt werden kann und wie dies fallbezogen, d. h. kontextabhängig geschehen muss. Diese Frage wird am Beispiel von Inhaltsanalysen zum russischen Angriffskrieg gegen die Ukraine diskutiert. In einer qualitativen Metastudie von 22 Inhaltsanalysen wurden zunächst induktiv acht Annahmen zur Rechtfertigung der Anwendung des Maßstabs für diesen Fall ermittelt. Vier davon beziehen sich auf das Verhältnis der Medien zu ihrer Umwelt: zur journalistischen Profession, der Medien untereinander sowie zum Publikum und zur Politik. Vier weitere Begründungen sind vom Verhältnis der Medien zum Krieg als Thema abgeleitet: zum normativ „richtigen“ und „falschen“ Handeln der Kontrahenten, zur Antizipation negativer Folgen, zum Framing des Kriegs als Machtkonflikt (statt als Konflikt um Werte) und aus der Position des Werterelativismus. Die Forderung nach einer ausgewogenen Bewertung war in den Studien häufig mit der Kritik an einer angeblich zu negativen Sicht der russischen Seite verknüpft. Die Diskussion der Fundstellen zeigt, dass die Argumente zur Rechtfertigung einer ausgewogenen Bewertung für den vorliegenden Fall nur begrenzt oder gar nicht tauglich sind. Damit kann die Studie zeigen, dass das Problem der „False Balance“ nicht nur im Bereich des Wissens, sondern auch des Wertens zu finden ist. Außerdem ist „False Balance“ damit nicht nur ein Phänomen im Journalismus, sondern auch in der Wissenschaft.