bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Development of Critical Consciousness and its Relation to Academic Achievement in Adolescents of Color
Authors: Seider Scott , Clark Shelby , Graves Daren 
Published: May 2019

Critical consciousness, the process by which individuals come to understand, analyze, and take action against systems of oppression, is associated with several positive youth outcomes. However, little research has considered how the core components of critical consciousness (critical reflection, political agency, critical action) are associated with academic achievement. The present study explored the extent to which the developing critical consciousness of adolescents of color (N = 364) over 4 years of high school predicted academic achievement, as measured by grade point average (GPA) and the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT). Results demonstrated that adolescents’ critical reflection and critical action intercepts predicted SAT scores whereas critical reflection and critical action slopes predicted GPAs. Political agency was not predictive of either academic outcome.
Distinctive functional deficiencies in axonal conduction associated with two forms of cerebral white matter injury
Authors: Mu Hong‐Feng , Gao Xu‐Guang , Li Si‐Cheng , Wei Peng‐Ju , Zhao Yong‐Fang , Zhang Wen‐Ting , Wang Yun , Gao Yan‐Qin 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAimsThis study determines whether assessment with compound action potentials (CAPs) can distinguish two different forms of cerebral white matter injury at the functional levels.MethodsA pure demyelination model was induced in C57/BL6 adult mice by dietary supplementation of cuprizone (0.2%) for 6 weeks. Callosal L‐N5‐(1‐Iminoethyl) ornithine (L‐NIO) hydrochloride (27 mg/mL) was injected into the corpus callosum (CC) to induce a focal white matter stroke (WMS), resulting in both demyelination and axonal injury. White matter integrity was assessed by performing CAP recording, electron microscopy, and immunohistological and luxol fast blue (LFB) staining.ResultsImmunohistological and electron microscopic analyses confirmed the induction of robust demyelination in CC with cuprizone, and mixed demyelination and axonal damage with L‐NIO. Electrophysiologically, cuprizone‐induced demyelination significantly reduced the amplitude of negative peak 1 (N1), but increased the amplitude of negative peak 2 (N2), of the CAPs compared to the sham controls. However, cuprizone did not affect the axonal conduction velocity. In contrast, the amplitude and area of both N1 and N2 along with N1 axonal conduction velocity were dramatically decreased in L‐NIO‐induced WMS.ConclusionsConcertedly, parameters of the CAPs offer a novel functional assessment strategy for cerebral white matter injury in rodent models.
The effect of post‐stroke hyperglycaemia on the levels of brain damage and repair‐related circulating biomarkers: the Glycaemia in Acute Stroke Study II
Authors: Otero‐Ortega L. , Gutiérrez‐Fernández M. , Gutiérrez‐Zúñiga R. , Madero‐Jarabo R. , Alonso de Leciñana M. , Laso‐García F. , Lisbona A. , Delgado‐Mederos R. , Gállego‐Culleré J. , Martínez‐Zabaleta M. , Freijo M. , Portilla J. C. , Gil‐Núñez A. , Díez‐Tejedor E. , Fuentes B. ,   the GLIAS‐II investigators for the Stroke Project of the Spanish Cerebrovascular Diseases Study Group
Published: May 2019

Background and purposeThe aim was to identify whether post‐stroke hyperglycaemia (PSH) influences the levels of circulating biomarkers of brain damage and repair, and to explore whether these biomarkers mediate the effect of PSH on the ischaemic stroke (IS) outcome.MethodsThis was a secondary analysis of the Glycaemia in Acute Stroke II study. Biomarkers of inflammation, prothrombotic activity, endothelial dysfunction, blood–brain barrier rupture, cell death and brain repair processes were analysed at 24–48 h (baseline) and 72–96 h (follow‐up) after IS. The associations of the biomarkers and stroke outcome (modified Rankin Scale score at 3 months) based on the presence of PSH were compared.ResultsA total of 174 patients participated in this sub‐study. Brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) at admission was negatively correlated with glucose levels. PSH was associated with a trend toward higher levels of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) at baseline. The EPCs in the PSH group then decreased in the follow‐up samples (−8.5 ± 10.3) compared with the non‐PSH group (4.7 ± 7.33; P = 0.024). However, neither BDNF nor EPC values had correlation with the 3‐month outcome. Higher interleukin‐6 at follow‐up was associated with poor outcomes (modified Rankin Scale > 2) independently of PSH.ConclusionPost‐stroke hyperglycaemia appears to be associated with a negative regulation of BDNF and a different reaction in EPC levels. However, neither BDNF nor EPCs showed significant mediation of the PSH association with IS outcome, and only higher interleukin‐6 in the follow‐up samples (72–96 h) was related to poor outcomes, independently of PSH status. Further studies are needed to achieve definite conclusions.
Contribution of fibroblasts to tunnel formation and inflammation in hidradenitis suppurativa/ acne inversa
Authors: Frew John W. , Navrazhina Kristina , Marohn Meaghan , Lu Pei‐Ju C. , Krueger James G. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe precise pathogenic mechanisms in the development, persistence and worsening of hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) remain ill‐defined. This chronic inflammatory dermatosis displays a strong Th1 and Th17 inflammatory signature with elevated levels of TNF‐α, IL‐1β, IL‐17 and IFNγ in lesional and perilesional tissue. HS significantly differs to other chronic inflammatory dermatoses due to the development of hypertrophic scarring and dermal tunnels. The development of scarring and tunnels suggests that fibroblastic stromal cells (including myofibroblasts, fibroblasts, pericytes etc) may be involved in the development and progression of disease. Heterogeneous populations of fibroblasts have been identified in other inflammatory disorders and malignancy which contribute to inflammation and present novel therapeutic targets for fibrotic disorders. Findings in HS are consistent with these fibroblast subpopulations and may contribute to tunnel formation, aggressive squamous cell carcinoma and the phenotypic presentation of familial HS variants. We describe the existing knowledge regarding these mechanistic pathways and methods to confirm their involvement in the pathogenesis of HS.
Epidermolysis bullosa: Advances in research and treatment
Authors: Prodinger Christine , Reichelt Julia , Bauer Johann W. , Laimer Martin 
Published: May 2019

AbstractEpidermolysis bullosa (EB) is the umbrella term for a group of rare inherited skin fragility disorders caused by mutations in at least 20 different genes. There is no cure for any of the subtypes of EB resulting from different mutations, and current therapy only focuses on the management of wounds and pain. Novel effective therapeutic approaches are therefore urgently required. Strategies include gene‐, protein‐ and cell‐based therapies. This review discusses molecular procedures currently under investigation at the EB House Austria, a designated Centre of Expertise implemented in the European Reference Network for Rare and Undiagnosed Skin Diseases. Current clinical research activities at the EB House Austria include newly developed candidate substances that have emerged out of our translational research initiatives as well as already commercially available medications that are applied in off‐licensed indications. Squamous cell carcinoma is the major cause of death in severe forms of EB. We are evaluating immunotherapy using an anti‐PD1 monoclonal antibody as a palliative treatment option for locally advanced or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the skin unresponsive to previous systemic therapy. In addition, we are evaluating topical calcipotriol and topical diacerein as potential agents to improve the healing of skin wounds in EBS patients. Finally, the review will highlight the recent advancements of gene therapy development for EB.
Effective monitoring of freshwater fish
Authors: Radinger Johannes , Britton J. Robert , Carlson Stephanie M. , Magurran Anne E. , Alcaraz‐Hernández Juan Diego , Almodóvar Ana , Benejam Lluís , Fernández‐Delgado Carlos , Nicola Graciela G. , Oliva‐Paterna Francisco J. , Torralva Mar , García‐Berthou Emili 
Published: May 2019

AbstractFreshwater ecosystems constitute only a small fraction of the planet's water resources, yet support much of its diversity, with freshwater fish accounting for more species than birds, mammals, amphibians or reptiles. Fresh waters are, however, particularly vulnerable to anthropogenic impacts, including habitat loss, climate and land use change, pollution and biological invasions. This environmental degradation, combined with unprecedented rates of biodiversity change, highlights the importance of robust and replicable programmes to monitor freshwater fish. Such monitoring programmes can have diverse aims, including confirming the presence of a single species (e.g., early detection of alien species), tracking changes in the abundance of threatened species, or documenting long‐term temporal changes in entire communities. Irrespective of their motivation, monitoring programmes are only fit for purpose if they have clearly articulated aims and collect data that can meet those aims. This review, therefore, highlights the importance of identifying the key aims in monitoring programmes and outlines the different methods of sampling freshwater fish that can be used to meet these aims. We emphasize that investigators must address issues around sampling design, statistical power, species’ detectability, taxonomy and ethics in their monitoring programmes. Additionally, programmes must ensure that high‐quality monitoring data are properly curated and deposited in repositories that will endure. Through fostering improved practice in freshwater fish monitoring, this review aims to help programmes improve understanding of the processes that shape the Earth's freshwater ecosystems and help protect these systems in face of rapid environmental change.
Acetyl‐11‐keto‐β‐boswellic acid triggers premature senescence via induction of DNA damage accompanied by impairment of DNA repair genes in hepatocellular carcinoma cells in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Wang Shikang , Wang Huijun , Sun Baoyou , Li Duanfeng , Wu Jing , Li Juan , Tian Xiaona , Qin Chengkun , Chang Hong , Liu Yongqing 
Published: May 2019

AbstractCellular senescence, a state of irreversible growth arrest, occurs in all somatic cells and causes the cells to exhaust replicative capacity. Recently, cellular senescence has been emerging as one of the principal mechanisms of tumor suppression, which can be induced by low doses of therapeutic drugs in cancer cells. Acetyl‐11‐keto‐β‐boswellic acid (AKBA), an active ingredient isolated from the plant Boswellia serrata, has been identified to induce apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. In this study, we found that low concentrations of AKBA treatment triggered cell growth arrest at G0/G1 phase with features of premature cellular senescence phenotype in both HCC cell lines HepG2 and SMMC7721, as observed by enlarged and flattened morphology, significant increase in cells with senescence‐associated β‐galactosidase staining, and decrease in cell proliferation and DNA synthesis. Furthermore, cellular senescence induced by AKBA occurred via activation of DNA damage response and impairment of DNA repair, as evidenced by strong induction of γH2AX and p53, and downregulated expressions of multiple DNA repair associated genes. Induction of p53 by AKBA caused a significant increase in p21CIP1, which had a critical involvement in the induction of cellular senescence. Additionally, in vivo study demonstrated that induction of senescence contributed to the anticancer efficacy of AKBA. Therefore, our findings suggested that induction of premature senescence by AKBA through DNA damage response accompanied by impairment of DNA repair genes defines a novel mechanism contributing to its growth suppression in HCC cells.
Stability of microencapsulated lactic acid bacteria under acidic and bile juice conditions
Authors: de Andrade Dayana Pereira , Ramos Cíntia Lacerda , Botrel Diego Alvarenga , Borges Soraia Vilela , Schwan Rosane Freitas , Ribeiro Dias Disney 
Published: May 2019

SummaryThe probiotic strains Lactobacillus brevis CCMA1284 and Lactobacillus plantarum CCMA0359 were microencapsulated by spray drying using different matrices – whey powder (W), whey powder with inulin (WI) and whey powder with maltodextrin (WM). Viability of the microencapsulated strains in acid and bile juices and during 90 days of storage (seven and 25 °C) was evaluated. The two strains exhibited high encapsulation efficiency (> 86%) by spray drying. The different matrices maintained L. plantarum viability above six log CFU g−1 at 7 °C for 90 days, whereas similar results for L. brevis were observed only for W. The use of inulin as matrix of encapsulation did not enhance bacterial viability in the evaluated conditions. In general, the use of W and WM as matrices was effective for L. plantarum viability. However, only W was effective for L. brevis in the evaluated conditions. The spray drying technique was successfully adopted for the encapsulation of L. plantarum CCMA0359 and L. brevis CCMA1284 strains.
Long non‐coding RNAs in the spinal cord injury: Novel spotlight
Authors: Li Zheng , Ho Idy H. T. , Li Xingye , Xu Derong , Wu William K. K. , Chan Matthew T. V. , Li Shugang , Liu Xiaodong 
Published: May 2019

AbstractSpinal cord injury (SCI) may lead to persistent locomotor dysfunction and somatosensory disorders, which adversely affect the quality of life of patients and cause a significant economic burden to the society. The efficacies of current therapeutic interventions are still far from satisfaction as the secondary damages resulting from the complex and progressive molecular alterations after SCI are not properly addressed. Recent studies revealed that long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are abundant in the brain and might play critical roles in several nervous system disorders. At the cellular level, lncRNAs have been shown to regulate the expression of protein‐coding RNAs and hence participate in neuronal death, demyelination and glia activation. Notably, SCI is characterized by these biological processes, suggesting that lncRNAs could be novel modulators in the pathogenesis of SCI. This review describes recent progresses in the lncRNA transcriptome analyses and their molecular functions in regulating SCI progression.
Immediate versus delayed loading of mandibular implant‐retained overdentures: A 60‐month follow‐up of a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Salman Arif , Thacker Sejal , Rubin Satoko , Dhingra Ajay , Ioannidou Effie , Schincaglia Gian Pietro 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAimThe purpose of this observational, post‐trial follow‐up study was to evaluate 60‐month outcomes of a randomized controlled clinical trial that compared immediately and delayed loaded two unsplinted implants, supporting a locator‐retained mandibular overdenture.Materials and MethodsPatients from a randomized controlled clinical trial, treated with either immediate or delayed loading of two implants, supporting a locator‐retained mandibular overdenture, were recalled for 60‐month evaluation. Patients underwent a clinical and radiographic examination to evaluate the peri‐implant soft tissue parameters and bone. Prosthetic maintenance needs and complications were also recorded.ResultsTwenty three of the 30 patients were available for the 60‐month follow‐up. The mean radiographic bone level change measured using standardized periapical radiographs from baseline to 60 months was 0.89 mm (±0.74) and 0.18 (±0.41) for delayed loading and immediate loading groups, respectively. A statistically significant difference was observed at 60 months with a smaller radiographic bone level change in the immediate loading group. No implants were lost between 12 and 60 months. At 60 months, per‐protocol implant survival rate was 100% for both the groups. No difference was found in the peri‐implant soft tissue parameters and prosthetic needs between the groups.ConclusionBoth immediately and delayed loaded implants supporting a locator‐retained mandibular overdenture showed similar clinical outcomes.
Long‐term metabolic syndrome is associated with periodontal pockets and alveolar bone loss
Authors: Tegelberg Paula , Tervonen Tellervo , Knuuttila Matti , Jokelainen Jari , Keinänen‐Kiukaanniemi Sirkka , Auvinen Juha , Ylöstalo Pekka 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAimTo investigate whether the metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with deepened periodontal pockets and alveolar bone loss.Materials and MethodsThis study was based on a subpopulation of the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 survey (n = 1964). The criteria of the AHA/NHLBI were used to determine MetS. The analyses were based on the metabolic data at ages 31 and 46, and probing pocket depth and alveolar bone level data at age 46. Relative risks (RR, 95% CI) were estimated using Poisson regression models.ResultsRelative risks for PD ≥ 4 mm and BL ≥ 5 mm were higher in individuals with an exposure to MetS ≥ 15 years (RR 1.8, 95% CI 1.6–2.1 and RR 1.5, 95% CI 1.3–1.9, respectively) than in those whose exposure was <15 years (RR 1.2, 95% CI 1.1–1.3 and RR 1.1, 95% CI 1.0–1.3, respectively). Consistently stronger associations were found in never smokers. Women showed stronger associations of MetS with PD ≥ 4 mm than men. The association with BL ≥ 5 mm was observed only in men.ConclusionA long‐term exposure by MetS was associated independently and in an exposure‐dependent manner with periodontal pockets and alveolar bone level.
The impact of a patient decision aid on shared decision‐making behaviour in oncology care and pulmonary medicine—A field study based on real‐life observations
Authors: Olling Karina , Stie Mette , Winther Bodil , Steffensen Karina Dahl 
Published: May 2019

AbstractObjectiveA patient decision aid (PtDA) is often developed and evaluated to support shared decision making (SDM) and a patient‐centred approach. In this study, a PtDA template was developed to support two different preference sensitive decisions: adjuvant therapy for breast cancer and diagnostic workup for lung cancer. The aim of the study was to explore whether a PtDA improved SDM and supported a patient‐centred approach from an observational point of view.MethodsReal‐life observations were conducted using the validated observational instrument OPTION 12. Three nurses conducted observations of consultations in two different clinical settings.The study consisted of a baseline cohort (phase 1) and an intervention cohort (phase 2). In phase 1, standard consultations were observed. Subsequently, the PtDA was introduced, and in phase 2, consultations with the clinician using the PtDA were observed.ResultsTwenty‐nine observations were conducted in phase 1 and 24 in phase 2. Using a PtDA increased the overall OPTION score significantly (P < .0001), both in decisions on adjuvant treatment for breast cancer and on diagnostic workup of lung cancer.Items in the OPTION instrument regarding systematic conversation to obtain SDM had a higher increase of scores compared to items regarding a patient‐centred approach.ConclusionReal‐life observations and the use of a validated observational tool provided comprehensive knowledge as to how a PtDA affects SDM in consultations. Applying a PtDA resulted in a significant overall increase of SDM behaviour in decisions on adjuvant treatment after breast cancer surgery and diagnostic workup in case of a small suspicion of lung cancer. In conclusion, the PtDA supports SDM in consultations independently of type of decision and department.
Evaluation of open‐access global digital elevation models (AW3D30, SRTM, and ASTER) for flood modelling purposes
Authors: Courty Laurent Guillaume , Soriano‐Monzalvo Julio César , Pedrozo‐Acuña Adrián 
Published: May 2019

AbstractDigital elevation models (DEM) are fundamental for hydrologic and hydraulic modelling. Many practitioners rely on open‐access global data sets due to the cost and sparse coverage of sources of higher resolution. In 2016, the Japanese Aerospace Exploration Agency released the ALOS World 3D‐30m (AW3D30), an open‐access global elevation model at an horizontal resolution of 30 m. So far no published study has done an assessment of the flood modelling capabilities of this new product. The purpose of this investigation is to (a) assess the utility of the AW3D30 for flood modelling purposes and (b) compare its performance with regards to computed water levels and flood extent maps calculated using other freely available 30m DEM (e.g., SRTM and ASTER). For this comparison, the reference to reality is given by the maps computed using a light detection and ranging (LiDAR)‐based digital terrain model. This study is carried out in two catchments with contrasting topographic gradients. Results show that AW3D30 performs better than the SRTM. In mountainous regions, the results derived with the AW3D30 are comparable in skill to those obtained with a LiDAR‐derived digital surface model. This encouraging performance paves the way to more accurate modelling for both data‐scarce regions and global flood models.
Adverse Effects of Pharmacologic Treatments of Major Depression in Older Adults
Authors: Sobieraj Diana M. , Martinez Brandon K. , Hernandez Adrian V. , Coleman Craig I. , Ross Joseph S. , Berg Karina M. , Steffens David C. , Baker William L. 
Published: May 2019

OBJECTIVESTo assess adverse effects of pharmacologic antidepressants for treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) in adults 65 years of age or older.DESIGNSystematic review and meta‐analysis.SETTINGSpecialist or generalist outpatient setting, rehabilitation facility, and nursing facilities.PARTICIPANTSPersons 65 years and older with MDD.INTERVENTIONSelective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), bupropion, mirtazapine, trazodone, vilazodone, or vortioxetine compared with another antidepressant, placebo, or nonpharmacologic therapy.MEASUREMENTSAdverse events, arrhythmias, cognitive impairment, falls, fractures, hospitalization, mortality, QTc prolongation, serious adverse events, and withdrawals due to adverse events.RESULTSNineteen randomized controlled trials and two observational studies were included. Most studies evaluated treatment of the acute phase (<12 wk) of MDD of moderate severity. SSRIs led to a statistically similar frequency of overall adverse events vs placebo (moderate strength of evidence [SOE]), but SNRIs caused more overall adverse events vs placebo (high SOE) during the acute treatment phase. Both SSRIs and SNRIs led to more study withdrawals due to adverse events vs placebo (SSRIs low SOE; SNRIs moderate SOE). Duloxetine led to a more falls vs placebo (moderate SOE) during 24 weeks of acute and continuation treatment of MDD.CONCLUSIONIn patients 65 years of age or older with MDD, treatment of the acute phase of MDD with SNRIs, but not SSRIs, was associated with a statistically greater number of overall adverse events vs placebo. SSRIs and SNRIs led to a greater number of study withdrawals due to adverse events vs placebo. Duloxetine increased the risk of falls that as an outcome was underreported in the literature. Few studies examined head‐to‐head comparisons, most trials were not powered to evaluate adverse events, and results of observational studies may be confounded. Comparative long‐term studies reporting specific adverse events are needed to inform clinical decision making regarding choice of antidepressants in this population. J Am Geriatr Soc 67:1571–1581, 2019