bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Type D personality, lifestyle habits, and cardiovascular disease risk: A mediational model
Authors: Carneiro-Barrera Almudena , Valdés-Díaz María , Rodríguez-Testal Juan Francisco 
Published: May 2018

Abstract: The interaction of negative affect and stable social inhibition traits (Type D personality) is related to unhealthy lifestyle habits and cardiovascular risk. The aim of this study was to elucidate whether lifestyle habits mediate the relationship between Type D personality and blood pressure (BP) as a cardiovascular risk factor. A total of 91 participants (54.90% women) aged over 45 were assessed with measures of subjective health, Type D personality, lifestyle habits and BP. The Baron and Kenny’s (1986) model and the Preacher and Hayes’ (2008) procedure were used to analyse the mediation model. Results indicated that the relationship between Type D personality and systolic BP was partially mediated by lifestyle habits whereas a full mediation was observed in the case of diastolic BP. The practice of unhealthy habits could explain the indirect mechanism by which Type D personality is related to morbidity and mortality risk in cardiovascular patients. Resumen: Personalidad Tipo D, hábitos de vida y riesgo cardiovascular. La interacción del afecto negativo e inhibición social (personalidad Tipo D) se relaciona con los hábitos de vida y el riesgo cardiovascular. El objetivo de este estudio fue dilucidar si los hábitos de vida median la relación entre personalidad Tipo D y presión arterial (PA) como factor de riesgo cardiovascular. Un total de 91 participantes mayores de 45 años (54.90% mujeres) fueron evaluados de salud subjetiva, hábitos de vida, personalidad Tipo D y PA. Se utilizó el modelo de Baron y Kenny (1986) y el procedimiento de Preacher y Hayes (2008) para el análisis mediacional. Los hábitos de vida mediaron parcialmente la relación entre personalidad Tipo D y PA sistólica y, de manera total, la relación entre personalidad Tipo D y PA diastólica. La práctica de hábitos no saludables podría explicar el mecanismo indirecto mediante el cual la personalidad Tipo D se relaciona con el riesgo de morbilidad y mortalidad en pacientes cardíacos.
Composición corporal y variabilidad de la frecuencia cardiaca: relaciones con edad, sexo, obesidad y actividad física
Authors: López Sánchez G. F. , López Sánchez L. , Díaz Suárez A. 
Published: May 2018

<p>La composición corporal (CC) y la variabilidad de la frecuencia cardiaca (VFC) están estrechamente relacionadas con la salud de las personas. Las dos variables han sido estudiadas en numerosas ocasiones por separado, sin embargo, son pocas las investigaciones que han abordado en conjunto las relaciones entre los dos conceptos, ofreciendo en muchos casos, resultados contradictorios. El principal objetivo de este trabajo es realizar una revisión de la literatura científica que trata la relación entre la CC y la VFC desde distintos puntos de vista: en relación a la edad (niños y adolescentes, adultos y mayores), en relación a la obesidad, al sexo y a la cantidad de actividad física realizada. Esta revisión, permite concluir que existe una relación entre la CC y la VFC, de tal forma que una disminuida VFC está asociada a un alto porcentaje de grasa corporal y a un menor porcentaje de masa muscular.</p>
Giant wormschez moi!Hammerhead flatworms (Platyhelminthes, Geoplanidae,Bipaliumspp.,Diversibipaliumspp.) in metropolitan France and overseas French territories
Authors: Justine Jean-Lou , Winsor Leigh , Gey Delphine , Gros Pierre , Thévenot Jessica 
Published: May 2018

BackgroundSpecies of the generaBipaliumandDiversibipalium, or bipaliines, are giants among land planarians (family Geoplanidae), reaching length of 1 m; they are also easily distinguished from other land flatworms by the characteristic hammer shape of their head. Bipaliines, which have their origin in warm parts of Asia, are invasive species, now widespread worldwide. However, the scientific literature is very scarce about the widespread repartition of these species, and their invasion in European countries has not been studied.MethodsIn this paper, on the basis of a four year survey based on citizen science, which yielded observations from 1999 to 2017 and a total of 111 records, we provide information about the five species present in Metropolitan France and French overseas territories. We also investigated the molecular variability of cytochrome-oxidase 1 (COI) sequences of specimens.ResultsThree species are reported from Metropolitan France:Bipalium kewense,Diversibipalium multilineatum, and an unnamedDiversibipalium‘black’ species. We also report the presence ofB. kewensefrom overseas territories, such as French Polynesia (Oceania), French Guiana (South America), the Caribbean French islands of Martinique, Guadeloupe, Saint Martin and Saint Barthélemy, and Montserrat (Central America), and La Réunion island (off South-East Africa). ForB. vagum, observations include French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Saint Barthélemy, Saint Martin, Montserrat, La Réunion, and Florida (USA). A probable new species,Diversibipaliumsp. ‘blue,’ is reported from Mayotte Island (off South–East Africa).B. kewense,B. vagumandD. multilineatumeach showed 0% variability in their COI sequences, whatever their origin, suggesting that the specimens are clonal, and that sexual reproduction is probably absent. COI barcoding was efficient in identifying species, with differences over 10% between species; this suggests that barcoding can be used in the future for identifying these invasive species. In Metropolitan south–west France, a small area located in the Department of Pyrénées-Atlantiques was found to be a hot-spot of bipaliine biodiversity and abundance for more than 20 years, probably because of the local mild weather.DiscussionThe present findings strongly suggest that the species present in Metropolitan France and overseas territories should be considered invasive alien species. Our numerous records in the open in Metropolitan France raise questions: as scientists, we were amazed that these long and brightly coloured worms could escape the attention of scientists and authorities in a European developed country for such a long time; improved awareness about land planarians is certainly necessary.
Identifying potentially marker symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Authors: Arias Víctor B. , Esnaola Igor , Rodríguez-Medina Jairo 
Published: May 2018

Background
For the diagnosis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) proposes that adherence to six symptoms in either group (inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity) will lead to the diagnosis of one of three presentations of the disorder. Underlying this diagnostic algorithm is the assumption that the 18 symptoms have equal relevance for the diagnosis of ADHD, all are equally severe, and all have the same power to detect the presence of the disorder in all its degrees of severity, without considering the possibility of using marker symptoms. However, several studies have suggested that ADHD symptoms differ in both their power to discriminate the presence of the disorder and the degree of severity they represent. The aim of the present study was to replicate the results of previous research by evaluating the discriminative capacity and relative severity of ADHD symptoms, as well as to extend the investigation of this topic to Spanish-speaking Latin American samples.

Methods
The properties of ADHD symptoms rated by the parents of 474 Chilean children were analyzed. Symptom parameters were estimated using the graded response model.

Results
The results suggest that symptoms of ADHD differ substantially in both the accuracy with which they reflect the presence of the disorder, and their relative severity. Symptoms “easily distracted by extraneous stimuli” and “have difficulty sustaining attention in tasks” (inattention) and “is on the go, acting as if driven by motor” (hyperactivity/impulsivity) were the most informative, and those with relatively lower severity thresholds.

Discussion
The fact that symptoms differ substantially in the probability of being observed conditionally to the trait level suggests the need to refine the diagnostic process by weighting the severity of the symptom, and even to assess the possibility of defining ADHD marker symptoms, as has been done in other disorders.
Aspectos gerais da hepatite B
Authors: Lopes Taís Gardenia Santos Lemos , Schinoni Maria Isabel 
Published: May 2018

<p>A infecção pelo vírus da hepatite B (HBV) é um dos mais sérios problemas de saúde pública no mundo. Estima-se que existam, aproximadamente, 350 milhões de portadores crônicos desse vírus distribuídos em várias regiões do mundo. O HBV é um vírus envelopado pertencente à família Hepadnaviridaee cujo material genético é armazenado sobre a forma de DNA dupla fita. É transmitido, principalmente, pelas vias parenteral e sexual.O curso natural da hepatite B pode ser dividido em três fases: imunotolerante, imunoativa e não replicativa. O vírus secreta três tipos de antígenos (AgHBs, AgHBc e AgHBe) que, juntamente, com seus respectivos anticorpos, ajudam no diagnóstico da doença e na identificação de suas fases. As respostas imunes humoral e celular estão envolvidas na eliminação do vírus e na cura da infecção aguda. Embora não seja um vírus citopático, os mecanismos de defesa desencadeados produzem agressão ao fígado e, como consequência, lesões hepáticasnecroinflamatórias. Diversas síndromes extra-hepáticas são associadas com a infecção crônica pelo HBV e contribuem, significantemente, para a morbidade e mortalidade. As principais síndromes são a poliarterite nodosa e a glomerulonefrite. Objetivo: o objetivo deste trabalho foi reunir informações sobre a hepatite B. Metodologia: para isso, foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica com as palavras chaves: hepatite B, diagnóstico, imunologia e manifestações extra-hepáticas; na base de dados do Portal de Periódicos da CAPES e Pub Med, em artigos publicados no período de 2006 a 2011 e selecionados os artigos mais relevantes. Alguns artigos, publicados antes de 2006, também foram acrescidos na revisão por se mostrarem pertinentes. Resultados: foram selecionados vinte e cinco (25) artigos, os quais foram usados nesta revisão. Conclusão: apesar de toda a gama de informações sobre a hepatite B, ainda se faz importante que novos estudos sejam realizados para que se possa entender melhor os complexos mecanismos imunopatogênicos da infecção. </p>
Sensing and transducing forces in plants with MSL10 and DEK1 mechanosensors
Authors: Guerringue Yannick , Thomine Sébastien , Frachisse Jean‐Marie 
Published: May 2018

Mechanosensitive (MS) channels behave as microprobes that transduce mechanical tension into electric and ion signals. The plasma membrane anion‐permeable channel AtMSL10 belongs to the first family of MS channels (MscS‐LIKE) that has been characterized in Arabidopsis thaliana. In the same membrane, a rapidly activated calcium MS channel activity (RMA) associated with the presence of the DEFECTIVE KERNEL1 (AtDEK1) protein has been recently described. In this Review, based on the comparison of the specific properties of AtMSL10 and RMA, we put forward hypotheses on the mechanism of activation of these two channels, their respective roles in signalling and also raise the question of the molecular identity of RMA. Finally, we propose functions for these two channels within the context of plant mechanotransduction.
Comparison of the progressive resolution optimizer and photon optimizer in VMAT optimization for stereotactic treatments
Authors: Liu Han , Sintay Benjamin , Pearman Keith , Shang Qingyang , Hayes Lane , Maurer Jacqueline , Vanderstraeten Caroline , Wiant David 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe photon optimization (PO) algorithm was recently released by Varian Medical Systems to improve volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) optimization within Eclipse (Version 13.5). The purpose of this study is to compare the PO algorithm with its predecessor, progressive resolution optimizer (PRO) for lung SBRT and brain SRS treatments. A total of 30 patients were selected retrospectively. Previously, all the plans were generated with the PRO algorithm within Eclipse Version 13.6. In the new version of PO algorithm (Version 15), dynamic conformal arcs (DCA) were first conformed to the target, then VMAT inverse planning was performed to achieve the desired dose distributions. PTV coverages were forced to be identical for the same patient for a fair comparison. SBRT plan quality was assessed based on selected dose–volume parameters, including the conformity index, V20 for lung, V30 Gy for chest wall, and D0.035 cc for other critical organs. SRS plan quality was evaluated based on the conformity index and normal tissue volumes encompassed by the 12 and 6 Gy isodose lines (V12 and V6). The modulation complexity score (MCS) was used to compare plan complexity of two algorithms. No statistically significant differences between the PRO and PO algorithms were found for any of the dosimetric parameters studied, which indicates both algorithms produce comparable plan quality. Significant improvements in the gamma passing rate (increased from 97.0% to 99.2% for SBRT and 96.1% to 98.4% for SRS), MCS (average increase of 0.15 for SBRT and 0.10 for SRS), and delivery efficiency (MU reduction of 29.8% for SBRT and 28.3% for SRS) were found for the PO algorithm. MCS showed a strong correlation with the gamma passing rate, and an inverse correlation with total MUs used. The PO algorithm offers comparable plan quality to the PRO, while minimizing MLC complexity, thereby improving the delivery efficiency and accuracy.
High‐Performance Supercapacitors Based on a Zwitterionic Network of Covalently Functionalized Graphene with Iron Tetraaminophthalocyanine
Authors: Bakandritsos Aristides , Chronopoulos Demetrios D. , Jakubec Petr , Pykal Martin , Čépe Klára , Steriotis Theodore , Kalytchuk Sergii , Petr Martin , Zbořil Radek , Otyepka Michal 
Published: May 2018

AbstractGraphene derivatives are promising candidates as electrode materials in supercapacitor cells, therefore, functionalization strategies are pursued to improve their performance. A scalable approach is reported for preparing a covalently and homogenously functionalized graphene with iron tetraaminophthalocyanine (FePc‐NH2) with a high degree of functionalization. This is achieved by exploiting fluorographene's reactivity with the diethyl bromomalonate, producing graphene‐dicarboxylic acid after hydrolysis, which is conjugated with FePc‐NH2. The material exhibits an ultrahigh gravimetric specific capacitance of 960 F g−1 at 1 A g−1 and zero losses upon charging–discharging cycling. The energy density of 59 Wh kg−1 is eminent among supercapacitors operating in aqueous electrolytes with graphene‐based electrode materials. This is attributed to the structural and functional synergy of the covalently bound components, giving rise to a zwitterionic surface with extensive π–π stacking, but not graphene restacking, all being very beneficial for charge and ionic transport. The safety of the proposed system, owing to the benign Na2SO4 aqueous electrolyte, the high capacitance, energy density, and potential of preparing the electrode material on a large‐scale and at low cost make the reported strategy very attractive for development of supercapacitors based on the covalent attachment of suitable molecules onto graphene toward high‐synergy hybrids.
Voltage‐Gated Closed‐Loop Control of Small‐Molecule Release from Alumina‐Coated Nanoporous Gold Thin Film Electrodes
Authors: Li Zidong , Polat Ozge , Seker Erkin 
Published: May 2018

AbstractPrecise timing and dosing of potent small‐molecule drugs carries significant potential for effective pharmaceutical management of disorders that exhibit time‐varying therapeutic windows such as epilepsy. This study demonstrates the use of alumina‐coated nanoporous gold (np‐Au) thin film electrodes for iontophoretic release of fluorescein as a small‐molecule drug surrogate with picogram dosing and a few seconds temporal resolution. A custom microfluidic platform is engineered to trigger molecular release from an integrated np‐Au chip and monitor the resulting time‐varying fluorescein concentration. Following a systematic study of the influence of applied voltage on loading capacity and release kinetics, a LabVIEW‐based closed‐loop control interface is employed to demonstrate voltage‐gated fluorescein release with preprogrammed arbitrary concentrations waveforms.
MgSiAs: An Unexplored System with Promising Nonlinear Optical Properties
Authors: Woo Katherine E. , Wang Jian , Wu Kui , Lee Kathleen , Dolyniuk Juli‐Anna , Pan Shilie , Kovnir Kirill 
Published: May 2018

AbstractTwo new non‐centrosymmetric ternary compounds, MgSiAs2 and Mg3Si6As8, are discovered via metal flux and solid‐state synthetic methods. MgSiAs2 belongs to the well‐known II‐IV‐V2 family, which is extensively studied experimentally and computationally for their optical properties. MgSiAs2 is computationally predicted but not experimentally known prior to this work. Mg3Si6As8 crystallizes in a new non‐centrosymmetric cubic chiral structure type with the Pearson symbol cP68. The syntheses, crystal structure, thermal and chemical stabilities, electronic structures, and optical properties of these two new compounds are investigated in this work. Optical absorption measurements and electronic structure calculations reveal the two compounds to be direct or pseudo‐direct bandgap semiconductors (1.8–2 eV). The crystal structures of both compounds are non‐centrosymmetric, though Mg3Si6As8 belongs to the 432 chiral crystal class, which is optically active but does not exhibit second harmonic generation (SHG) behavior. The SHG response of MgSiAs2 is 60% of that for AgGaS2, but MgSiAs2 exhibits a higher laser damage threshold than AgGaS2 at 33.2 MW cm−2.
Microengineered Bioartificial Liver Chip for Drug Toxicity Screening
Authors: Delalat Bahman , Cozzi Chiara , Rasi Ghaemi Soraya , Polito Giovanni , Kriel Frederik H. , Michl Thomas Danny , Harding Frances J. , Priest Craig , Barillaro Giuseppe , Voelcker Nicolas H. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractMicrofluidic 3D cell culture is a promising technology for the screening of drug toxicity profiles. In this study, a bioartificial liver consisting of a surface‐engineered microfluidic silicon chip with microtrenches mimicking hepatic sinusoids is shown to extend 3D primary hepatocyte culture and improve in vitro drug screening for hepatotoxicity, with respect to the state‐of‐the‐art literature on this subject. Primary hepatocytes hosted in the 3D heparin‐coated microtrenches (the bioartificial liver) secrete high levels of albumin and urea over 4 weeks. The cytotoxicity of common drugs, namely, acetaminophen, chlorpromazine, and tacrine, was assessed on primary hepatocytes both at day 1 and day 7. The results suggest that mimicking hepatic sinusoids using a microtrench format allows the maintenance of difficult‐to‐culture primary hepatocytes to be extended to 4 weeks and provides an alternative model to animal studies for the screening of the cytotoxicity of new drugs.
Nickel@Nickel Oxide Core–Shell Electrode with Significantly Boosted Reactivity for Ultrahigh‐Energy and Stable Aqueous Ni–Zn Battery
Authors: Wang Rui , Han Yi , Wang Zifan , Jiang Jiuxing , Tong Yexiang , Lu Xihong 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe main bottlenecks of aqueous rechargeable Ni–Zn batteries are their relatively low energy density and poor cycling stability, mainly arising from the low capacity and inferior reversibility of the current Ni‐based cathodes. Additionally, the complicated and difficult‐to‐scale preparation procedures of these cathodes are not promising for large‐scale energy storage. Here, a facile and cost‐effective ultrasonic‐assisted strategy is developed to efficiently activate commercial Ni foam as a robust cathode for a high‐energy and stable aqueous rechargeable Ni–Zn battery. 3D Ni@NiO core–shell electrode with remarkably boosted reactivity and an area of 300 cm2 is readily obtained by this ultrasonic‐assisted activation method (denoted as SANF). Benefiting from the in situ formation of electrochemically active NiO and porous 3D structure with a large surface area, the as‐fabricated SANF//Zn battery presents ultrahigh capacity (0.422 mA h cm−2) and excellent cycling durability (92.5% after 1800 cycles). Moreover, this aqueous rechargeable SANF//Zn battery achieves an impressive energy density of 15.1 mW h cm−3 (0.754 mW h cm−2) and a peak power density of 1392 mW cm−3, outperforming most reported aqueous rechargeable energy‐storage devices. These findings may provide valuable insights into designing large‐scale and high‐performance 3D electrodes for aqueous rechargeable batteries.
Composition‐Graded Cesium Lead Halide Perovskite Nanowires with Tunable Dual‐Color Lasing Performance
Authors: Huang Ling , Gao Qinggang , Sun Ling‐Dong , Dong Hao , Shi Shuo , Cai Tong , Liao Qing , Yan Chun‐Hua 
Published: May 2018

AbstractCesium lead halide (CsPbX3) perovskite has emerged as a promising low‐threshold multicolor laser material; however, realizing wavelength‐tunable lasing output from a single CsPbX3 nanostructure is still constrained by integrating different composition. Here, the direct synthesis of composition‐graded CsPbBrxI3−x nanowires (NWs) is reported through vapor‐phase epitaxial growth on mica. The graded composition along the NW, with an increased Br/I from the center to the ends, comes from desynchronized deposition of cesium lead halides and temperature‐controlled anion‐exchange reaction. The graded composition results in varied bandgaps along the NW, which induce a blueshifted emission from the center to the ends. As an efficient gain media, the nanowire exerts position‐dependent lasing performance, with a different color at the ends and center respectively above the threshold. Meanwhile, dual‐color lasing with a wavelength separation of 35 nm is activated simultaneously at a site with an intermediate composition. This position‐dependent dual‐color lasing from a single nanowire makes these metal halide perovskites promising for applications in nanoscale optical devices.
Electron‐Blocking and Oxygen Evolution Catalyst Layers by Plasma‐Enhanced Atomic Layer Deposition of Nickel Oxide
Authors: Hufnagel Alexander G. , Henß Ann‐Kathrin , Hoffmann Ramona , Zeman Otto E. O. , Häringer Sebastian , Fattakhova‐Rohlfing Dina , Bein Thomas 
Published: May 2018

AbstractA plasma‐enhanced atomic layer deposition (ALD) process is presented, capable of producing thin conformal films of nickel(II) oxide (NiO) on various substrates. Nickelocene (NiCp2) is used as an inexpensive metal precursor with oxygen plasma as the oxidant. The film growth rate saturates with both nickel precursor and plasma exposure. An ALD window is observed between 225 and 275 °C. Linear growth is achieved at 250 °C with a growth rate of 0.042 nm per cycle. The thickness is highly uniform and the surface roughness is below 1 nm rms for 52 nm thick films on Si(100). Substrates with aspect ratios up to 1:10 can be processed. As‐deposited, the films consist of polycrystalline, cubic NiO, and are transparent over the entire visible range with an optical bandgap of 3.7 eV. The films consist of stoichiometric NiO and contain ≈1% of carbon impurities. Two promising applications of these films are showcased in renewable energy conversion and storage devices: The films are pinhole‐free and exhibit excellent electron blocking capabilities, making them potential hole‐selective contact layers in solar cells. Also, high electrocatalytic activity of ultrathin NiO films is demonstrated for the alkaline oxygen evolution reaction, especially in electrolytes containing Fe3+.