bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physical and Mechanical Properties of Nylon 6/ Titanium Dioxide Micro and Nano-Composite Multifilament Yarns
Authors: Shayestehfar Shima , Yazdanshenas Mohammad Esmail , Khajavi Ramin , Rashidi Abo-Saeed 
Published: November 2018

In this study, the effect of titanium dioxide particles (TiO2 micro and nano) on the physical and mechanical properties of Nylon 6–based multifilament yarns was investigated. For this reason, master-batches of Nylon 6/TiO2 micro and nano-particles were prepared by melt compounding before spinning and then multifilament composites incorporating 0.03, 0.33, 0.5 and 0.7% TiO2 micro and nano-particles were successfully spun in a melt-spinning machine. Characterization of these composite multifilament yarns was carried out using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive x-ray (EDX), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Characterization of mechanical strength properties including tenacity and elongation at break of the resultant composites are discussed as a function of filler loading. Through the application of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), it was found that incorporating micro titanium dioxide caused severe aggregation at the nylon fiber surface. By contrast, the diffusion of nano-particles within bulk of multifilament yarns was much more consistent, although aggregation of the titanium dioxide nano-particles still appeared. The results manifested the improvement of mechanical properties of the nano-composites containing TiO2 nano-particles.
A Review of Isolation Gowns in Healthcare: Fabric and Gown Properties
Authors: Kilinc F. Selcen 
Published: November 2018

The threat of emerging infectious diseases including Ebola hemorrhagic fever, pandemic influenza, avian influenza, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, and SARS has highlighted the need for effective personal protective equipment (PPE) to protect healthcare workers (HCWs), patients, and visitors. PPE is a critical component in the hierarchy of controls used to protect HCWs from infectious hazards. HCW PPE may include gowns, respirators, face masks, gloves, eye protection, face shields, and head and shoe coverings. Important research has been conducted in certain areas, such as respirators and protective masks, but studies in other areas, particularly gowns, are scarce. Gowns are identified as the second-most-used piece of PPE, following gloves, in the healthcare setting. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Guideline for Isolation Precautions, isolation gowns should be worn to protect HCWs’ arms and exposed body areas during procedures and patient-care activities when anticipating contact with clothing, blood, bodily fluids, secretions and excretions. Isolation gowns currently available on the marketplace offer varying resistance to blood and other bodily fluids depending on the type of the material, its impermeability, and wear and tear. While some studies show no benefit of the routine use of isolation gowns, others demonstrate that its use is associated with a reduced infection rate. This paper reviews isolation gowns in healthcare settings, including the fabrics used, gown design and interfaces, as well as critical parameters that affect microorganism and liquid transmission through fabrics.
Development of Flexi/Dual Winding System
Authors: Kanade Pragnya Sanjiv 
Published: November 2018

A string wound cartridge can be produced on a Random or Precision winding system. Both of them have certain disadvantages, making them unsuitable for applications like dyeing and filtration. Winders designed to operate on the step precision principle could be a solution to the above mentioned issues. Commercial winders working on step precision winding principles are available in the market. They are recommended by manufacturers when packages for dyeing are to be produced but commercial, electronically controlled filter winders on dual principle are rare to find. It was thought of applying step precision winding principles to produce wound cartridges for filtration end uses with the intention of improving their performance. This paper describes improvement in the existing electronic filter winder so that it can be operated on dual principle. This system allows programmable selection of traverse/wind ratio so that it gets changed automatically step wise. Compared to mechanical systems, it is less complicated, there is ease of changeover, is more flexible, and also offers choice of operating mode. Beside this, it was possible to produce graded cartridges successfully showing better filtration efficiency and lower pressure drop.
The impact of patient-related nonmodifiable factors on perioperative outcomes following radical cystectomy with enhanced recovery protocol
Authors: Zainfeld Daniel , Chen Jian , Cai Jie , Miranda Gus , Schuckman Anne , Daneshmand Siamak , Djaladat Hooman 
Published: November 2018

Background: Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols decrease the length of hospital stay (LOS) and complications following radical cystectomy (RC). However, the impact of non-modifiable patient factors to postoperative outcome is unclear. This study aimed to identify nonmodifiable patient and disease factors predictive of post-RC outcomes with ERAS protocols. Methods: We reviewed our institutional review board-approved prospectively maintained bladder cancer database. Patients with primary urothelial bladder cancer who underwent open RC with ERAS protocol between 2012 and 2016 were identified. Patient demographic and disease-relevant variables were reviewed. Factors predictive of LOS, 30- and 90-day complications and readmission were assessed using univariate and multivariable analyses. Results: A total of 289 patients with a median age of 70 years were included, of whom 80.6% were male, 33.6% had Charlson comorbidity index ⩾2. Median LOS was 4 days and 21.1% received intraoperative transfusion. The 30-day complication and readmission rates were 58.8% and 16.6%, respectively. Age >70 ( p = 0.02), Charlson comorbidity index ⩾2 ( p = 0.005), and intraoperative transfusion ( p = 0.03) were significantly associated with LOS. Intraoperative transfusion was significantly associated with 30-day complication and readmission ( p = 0.008, p = 0.005, respectively). No factor was found to be significantly associated with 90-day complication or readmission. Conclusions: With ERAS protocol, non-modifiable patient and disease factors influence outcomes after RC. Risk adjustment for these factors is important for patient counseling, quality assessment and future reimbursement.
The influence of fatty infiltration and muscle atrophy of the rotator cuff muscles on midterm functional outcomes in total shoulder resurfacing at six years’ follow-up
Authors: Edwards Gray AD , McCann Philip A , Whitehouse Michael R , Wakeley Charles J , Sarangi Partha P 
Published: November 2018

Background We report functional outcomes at six years in patients with varying degrees of fatty infiltration and atrophy of the rotator cuff muscles who have undergone anatomic total shoulder replacement. Methods A retrospective analysis of case notes and magnetic resonance imaging scans of patients undergoing total shoulder replacement for primary glenohumeral arthritis was performed. Patients were grouped based upon their pre-operative magnetic resonance imaging findings for fatty infiltration, muscle area and tendinopathy. Post-operative functional outcomes were assessed using the Oxford Shoulder Score and Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand score. Post-operative measurements were made for active shoulder movements. Results Thirty-two patients were reviewed at a mean of 67 months following surgery. All patients demonstrated fatty infiltration on their pre-operative magnetic resonance imaging scan. Muscle atrophy was shown in 22 patients and 12 had tendinopathy. Multiple regression analysis showed no correlation between the Oxford Shoulder Score (p = 0.443), the Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand score (p = 0.419), forward flexion (p = 0.170), external rotation (p = 0.755) and any of the pre-operative independent variables. Discussion The degree of fatty infiltration, muscle atrophy and tendinopathy of the rotator cuff muscle on pre-operative magnetic resonance imaging scanning is not associated with functional outcome score or functional movement at medium-term follow-up following total shoulder replacement. Level of evidence IV
Plateletpheresis-associated lymphopenia in frequent platelet donors
Authors: Gansner John M. , Rahmani Mahboubeh , Jonsson A. Helena , Fortin Brooke M. , Brimah Idayat , Ellis Martha , Smeland-Wagman Robin , Li Zhihan J. , Schenkel Jason M. , Brenner Michael B. , Yefidoff-Freedman Revital , Sloan Steven R. , Berliner Nancy , Issa Nicolas C. , Baden Lindsey R. , Longo Dan L. , Wesemann Duane R. , Neuberg Donna , Rao Deepak A. , Kaufman Richard M. 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
More than 1 million apheresis platelet collections are performed annually in the United States. After 2 healthy plateletpheresis donors were incidentally found to have low CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts, we investigated whether plateletpheresis causes lymphopenia. We conducted a cross-sectional single-center study of platelet donors undergoing plateletpheresis with the Trima Accel, which removes leukocytes continuously with its leukoreduction system chamber. We recruited 3 groups of platelet donors based on the total number of plateletpheresis sessions in the prior 365 days: 1 or 2, 3 to 19, or 20 to 24. CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts were &lt;200 cells per microliter in 0/20, 2/20, and 6/20 donors, respectively (P = .019), and CD8+ T-lymphocyte counts were low in 0/20, 4/20, and 11/20 donors, respectively (P &lt; .001). The leukoreduction system chamber’s lymphocyte-extraction efficiency was ∼15% to 20% for all groups. Immunophenotyping showed decreases in naive CD4+ T-lymphocyte and T helper 17 (Th17) cell percentages, increases in CD4+ and CD8+ effector memory, Th1, and regulatory T cell percentages, and stable naive CD8+ and Th2 percentages across groups. T-cell receptor repertoire analyses showed similar clonal diversity in all groups. Donor screening questionnaires supported the good health of the donors, who tested negative at each donation for multiple pathogens, including HIV. Frequent plateletpheresis utilizing a leukoreduction system chamber is associated with CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell lymphopenia in healthy platelet donors. The mechanism may be repeated extraction of these cells during plateletpheresis. The cytopenias do not appear to be harmful.
To send or not to send: weighing the costs and benefits of mailing an advance letter to participants before a telephone survey
Authors: Schell Christina , Godinho Alexandra , Kushnir Vladyslav , Cunningham John A. 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Objective
A letter was mailed to half the participants (Letter = 137; No Letter = 138) of a 5-year follow-up survey regarding smoking cessation before attempting contact for a telephone interview. The primary outcome was the number of completed surveys per group (response rate). Secondary analyses of the number of telephone calls placed and a cost analysis were performed.

Results
No conclusive effect was found on the response rates per group (59.1% Letter, 50.0% No Letter; p = 0.147). Additionally, a logistic regression, controlling for demographics, revealed that there was no direct effect of sending the letter on response rate (p = 0.369). Non-parametric analysis showed significantly fewer calls (U = 7962.5, z = − 2.274, p < 0.05 two-tailed) and significantly lower costs (U = 11112.00, z = 2.521, p < 0.05 two-tailed) in reaching participants in the Letter group. Mailing an advance letter to participants did not appear to effect response rates between the groups, even when controlling for demographics. However, further analysis examining the number of call attempts and the costs per group revealed the letter may have had other effects. These findings suggest that additional analyses may be merited when evaluating the effectiveness of methods to increase participation, such as an advance letter, especially in cases where the literature largely supports its effectual use.
Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03097445. Registered 31 March 2017
Towards cardiovascular risks in children with chronic kidney disease: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Al-Doori Taghreed Fadhil , Al-Ethawi Abd El-Salam Dawood , Hasan Jessar Saleem , Al-Kaaby Ban Adil 
Published: November 2018

Background: Children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at substantially high risk of morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular disease (CVD). Although this issue has been extensively studied in adults, little is known whether similar associations exist in the paediatric population. We therefore aimed to evaluate the cardiac structure and function in children with CKD, and investigate the factors that contribute to the development of CVD. Methods: A prospective cohort was established following 40 children with CKD treated in the nephrology unit at a high-volume, tertiary, teaching hospital and compared to age- and gender-matched controls of the same number. We reviewed the patients’ medical records, assessed growth parameters, measured blood pressure, took blood samples, and performed echocardiography. Results: More than half of the CKD patients are hypertensive (N = 22; 55%) and were found to have a higher proportion of increased left ventricular mass index (LVMI) (75.5%; P = 0.001). In contrast, we did not find any significant association between CKD and both valvular calcification & left ventricular (LV) fractional shortening (FS) in children (P = 0.314). Furthermore, high LVMI is found to be correlated well with the following: anaemia, hypertension, CKD duration > one year, hyperparathyroidism, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 15ml/minute/1.73 m2 and death (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Despite the fact that LV systolic function is preserved and valvular calcification is usually absent, left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is common in children with CKD. Hypertension, anaemia, hyperparathyroidism, as well as the severity and duration of renal impairment, are amongst the additional risk factors that predispose to LVH. We contribute this study to the growing information of the review articles regarding the association between CKD and CVD in paediatrics.
Postoperative pain and antibacterial effect of 980 nm diode laser versus conventional endodontic treatment in necrotic teeth with chronic periapical lesions: A randomized control trial
Authors: Morsy Dina A. , Negm Maged , Diab Alaa , Ahmed Geraldine 
Published: November 2018

Background: Many challenges encounter the endodontist, especially when dealing with necrotic teeth with chronic periapical lesions. Postoperative pain may be induced following conventional endodontic therapy and total eradication of the bacteria is almost unachievable even with recently available techniques. In recent years, diode laser usage in the endodontic field has gained acceptance. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the ability of the diode laser (DL) to decrease postoperative pain and achieve root canal sterility. Methods: 56 patients with anterior teeth with chronic periapical lesions in upper anterior teeth were randomly divided into two groups (n = 28). All patients were treated with two visits of conventional root canal treatment with ProTaper Universal. The DL group: root canals were irradiated with 200 µm fiber optic at both visits; the control group (Endo): the DL fiber was placed in root canal with no activation. Bacterial samples were collected from all the cases at each step of the treatment. Pain levels were evaluated using a numerical rating scale preoperatively, and after 6, 12, 24, 48 hours and 7 days. Bacterial count was used to detect both aerobic and anaerobic bacterial load. Results: The qualitative pain scores revealed statistically significant lower pain levels in the DL group compared with the Endo group at all time intervals (P<0.001), except preoperatively where there was no significant difference. There was a statistically significant lower bacterial count for both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria in the DL group compared with the Endo group in both S3 samples (after laser application) and S4 samples (bacterial colonization) (P<0.001). Conclusion: The 980 nm diode laser may be a successful adjunct to conventional endodontic treatment of necrotic cases with chronic periapical lesions in terms of postoperative pain and root canal disinfection. Trail registration: PACTR201511001275414 (date: 23rd September 2015)
Coexistence of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) with depressive symptoms in patients suffering from depressive disorders
Authors: Skalski Michał , Przydacz Mikolaj , Sobański Jerzy , Cyranka Katarzyna , Klasa Katarzyna , Datka Wojciech , Gołąbek Tomasz , Chłosta Piotr , Dudek Dominika 
Published: November 2018

Cel pracyCelem badań była ocena nasilenia objawów z dolnego odcinka układu moczowego (LUTS) w zależności od nasilenia objawów psychopatologicznych u pacjentów leczonych z powodu zaburzeń depresyjnych.MetodaZbadano 102 pacjentów (43 mężczyzn, 59 kobiet) w wieku 20-67 lat (M = 46,1) leczonych z powodu depresji. Objawy depresyjne oceniano za pomocą Skali Oceny Depresji Hamiltona (HDRS) oraz Inwentarza Samooceny (QIDS-SR). LUTS zbadano za pomocą Międzynarodowej Skali Punktowej Objawów Towarzyszących Chorobom Prostaty (IPSS). W celu analizy wpływu prezentowanych objawów, zarówno urologicznych, jak i psychiatrycznych, na jakość życia badanych osób badanych wykorzystano 30-itemowy Kwestionariusz Ogólnego Zdrowia (GHQ-30).WynikiŚredni wynik IPSS u kobiet był istotnie wyższy niż u mężczyzn (9,59 vs 6; p = 0,04). Pacjenci cierpiący na depresję ocenianą za pomocą QIDS-SR mieli istotnie wyższe wyniki w IPSS (9,76 vs 4,1; p = 0,002). Nasilenie wszystkich LUTS ocenianych za pomocą IPSS korelowało z wynikiem QIDS-SR u badanych mężczyzn (p <0,05). U kobiet całkowity wynik IPSS korelował z wynikiem QIDS-SR (p <0,05) i globalnym wynikiem GHQ-30 (p <0,05). Zaobserwowano wiele innych znaczących (p <0,05) korelacji między IPSS a wartością niektórych pozycji GHQ-30 zarówno u mężczyzn jak i kobiet.WnioskiLUTS występują powszechnie wśród pacjentów z depresją. Istnieje korelacja między nasileniem objawów depresyjnych a LUTS. LUTS wpływa na jakość życia i dobrostan oraz powoduje znaczne cierpienie u pacjentów z depresją. Współwystępowanie LUTS i depresji powinno zwrócić uwagę zarówno psychiatrów, jak i urologów, skłaniając do wzmocnienia interdyscyplinarnego podejścia do leczenia. Dalsze badania prospektywne i kohortowe są niezbędne, aby poszerzyć wiedzę na temat zależności między LUTS a depresją.
Climate justice isn’t sexy: The double failure of sustainable fashion marketing and activism
Authors: Portway Sarah 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
This article asks the question: Why is sustainable fashion not ‘sexy’ for mainstream customers? Marketing departments are curators of desire, and trending social media hashtags tell us that making a political statement holds more selfie-potential than ever. Trend forecasting and market analyses point to growing trends in sustainable food, cars, personal care and home products. This article starts with the premise that fashion has been uncharacteristically slow to adopt this save-the-world Zeitgeist. Using a climate justice vision of sustainability that considers both social and environmental impacts, this critical review of literature and historical events explores the role of marketing and activism in popularizing sustainable fashion among mainstream consumers. After a brief overview of sustainable fashion, this article lists successful mobilization strategies identified in academic literature across several disciplines. These strategies are then compared with contemporary sustainable fashion activist techniques through an analysis of recent mobilization efforts. Sustainable fashion marketing campaigns are also critiqued through comparison with existing trend-diffusion models. With a few colloquial flourishes along the way, examples from popular media are highlighted to argue that marketing teams and activist groups have deviated from their usual tactics on this issue, while they ought to employ tools that they have sharpened over time to foster a mainstream market for sustainable fashion. This article finishes with a hopeful call to action for these groups.
Children’s entertainment television in India: The changing scenario and the Indian child
Authors: Das Shukla , Kini Saesha (Sashank) 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Indian children’s commercial television started in 1995 with foreign channels and gathered momentum in the early 2000s. After 2008, the spurt in home-grown programming added an indigenous dimension. However, the home-grown programmes fall short in numbers as compared to their foreign counterparts and are plagued with various issues such as lack of diversity in genres, inadequate educational programming, regressive character portrayals, stereotypical gender representation and underrepresentation of the India’s cultural treasure trove. This article reviews the shortfall of home-grown children’s programming. It then examines the genres, themes, characters, age segmentation, gender balance and cultural inclusiveness on Indian children’s television and suggests how the programming can improve in quality and create an original, relevant and contemporary world on television for the Indian child.
Book Review
Authors: Lang Patrick J. 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Kriegsspiel, Hexes and the Nonkinetic: Tripping the CRT fantastic – Zones of Control: Perspectives on Wargaming, Pat Harrigan and Matthew G. Kirschenbaum (eds) (2016)
Cambridge: The MIT Press, 806 pp.,
ISBN 978-0-26203-399-2, h/bk, $50.00
Effect of ACTN3 Polymorphism on Self-reported Running Times
Authors: Kreutzer Andreas , Martinez Christopher A. , Kreutzer McKensie , Stone Jason D. , Mitchell Joel B. , Oliver Jonathan M. 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Kreutzer, A, Martinez, CA, Kreutzer, M, Stone, JD, Mitchell, JB, and Oliver, JM. Effect of ACTN3 polymorphism on self-reported running times. J Strength Cond Res 33(1): 80–88, 2019—This investigation examined the effect of ACTN3 genotype on self-reported distance running personal records (PRs). Of 94 (n = 94) recreationally active men and women, 82 (f = 42, m = 40; age: 22.6 ± 4.5 years; body mass index [BMI]: 23.5 ± 3.4 kg·m−2) reported 1-mile running PRs, whereas 57 (f = 33, m = 24; age: 23.4 ± 5.3 years; BMI: 22.9 ± 9.3 kg·m−2) reported 5K running PRs. Subjects were grouped by the presence (ACTN3+) or absence (ACTN3−) of α-actinin-3, as well as by individual genotype (RR, RX, and XX). Among female participants, ACTN3− reported 64.5 seconds faster (p = 0.048) 1-mile PRs compared with their ACTN3+ counterparts. No differences were observed when comparing 5K PRs between genotypes. Two one-sided test equivalence testing revealed that none of the effects observed when comparing ACTN3+ and ACTN3− were equivalent to zero. Our study confirms a reportedly greater prevalence of XX benefits for endurance performance in females when compared with males but fails to strongly link ACTN3 genotype to endurance performance. Practitioners should continue to be cautious when using genetic information for talent identification and sport selection.