bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hypoxia Inducible Factor1α in Correlation with Preeclampsia
Authors: Juarsa Hendrik , Tendean Hermie M M , Wantania John E 
Published: October 2018

Objective: To know the correlation between Hypoxia Inducible Factor
(HIF)-1α level with preeclampsia.
Method: The study was conducted at the Obstetrics and Gynecology
Department of Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital. This research was
carried out from April to June 2014. This study is a cross-sectional
analytic approach in preeclampsia and normotensive pregnancy. We
perform cubital venous blood sampling for inspection by 5 ml of serum
and stored it in a refrigerator (-20°C). The level of HIF-1α serum
was done by quantitative ELISA method in Prodia Lab Jakarta.
Result: Seventy six pregnant women with 38 normotensive pregnancies
and 38 preeclampsia, showed a significant association between
the average levels of HIF-1α in the serum of pregnant women
with preeclampsia compared to normotensive pregnancies (p =
0.000).
Conclusion: There is a positive relationship between the levels of
HIF-1α in serum of preeclampsia, in which HIF-1α levels in preeclampsia
was higher than normotensive pregnancies.
[Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2016; 1: 19-22]
Keywords: hypoxia inducible factor-1α, preeclampsia
Heme Oxygenase1 Level in Normotensive Pregnancy and Preeclampsia with Severe Features
Authors: Homenta Christian , Wantania John J , Kaeng Juneke J 
Published: October 2018

Objective: To understand the relationship of heme oxygenase-1
(HO-1) level between normotensive pregnancy and preeclampsia
with severe features.

Method: The cross sectional study was conducted in the Department
of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas
Sam Ratulangi/Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou General Hospital Manado. The
subjects consisted of 26 pregnant women with normal blood pressure
and 26 women with severe features of preeclampsia. We took
the patients’ history, general physical examination, and laboratory
assessment. The blood samples were taken from normotensive women
more than 20 weeks of pregnancy and preeclamptic women
with severe features more than 20 weeks of pregnancy. The data obtained
was processed using SPSS 20.0 software. We did the nonparametric
Mann-Whitney test to analyze the relationship between
heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) level in normotensive pregnancy and
preeclampsia with severe features.

Result: The level of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in normotensive
pregnant women was at 3.24 (SD 0.58) ng/ml (95% CI 3.00-3.47),
and the level of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) of preeclamptic women
with severe features was 3.92 (SD 0.73) ng/ml (95% CI 3.62-4.21).
The result of Mann-Whitney test showed p value of 0.001 which
meant that there was significant difference in the level of heme oxygenase-
1 (HO-1) between normotensive women and pre-eclamptic
women with severe features.

Conclusion: There was the relationship between the level of heme
oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and the incidence of preeclampsia with severe
features.

Keywords: heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), normotensive pregnancy, preeclampsia with severe features
Comparison of the Levator Hiatal Area
Authors: Juniarto Muhammad E , Moegni Fernandi 
Published: October 2018

Objective: To determine the relationship of the levator hiatal area
among nulliparous, primiparous, and multiparous women so that
we can assess the prevalence of avulsion.

Method: A cross-sectional study design was used by evaluating the
transperineal ultrasound results of all nulliparous, primiparous, and
multiparous women in the Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic of
Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo hospital from May to December 2015. We
analyzed the data through SPSS using one way ANOVA to compare
the levator hiatal dimension among the groups of women during
Valsava maneuver and at rest.

Result: There were significant differences in levator hiatal area
among nulliparous, primiparous, and multiparous women during
Valsalva maneuver and at rest, which the mean (SD) was 22.26
(5.45) cm2 (p=0.028) and 10.70 (2.26) cm2 (p=0.012), respectively.
Levator ani muscle avulsion was occurred in 1 out of 46 (2.2%)
women from the primiparous and multiparous group.

onclusion: There are significant differences in levator hiatal area
during Valsalva and at rest among the groups.
[Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2016; 4-4: 208-211]

Keywords: avulsion, levator hiatal area, multiparous, nulliparous,
primiparous
Canine Vertebral Screw and Rod Fixation System: Design and Mechanical Testing
Authors: Suwanna Nirut , Meij Björn , Lewchalermwong Pakthorn 
Published: October 2018

Objectives To develop the canine vertebral screw and rod fixation system (CVSRF) and to compare the biomechanical properties between CVSRF and the screw and polymethylmethacrylate (Screw-PMMA) technique for internal fixation of the vertebral column in dogs.
Methods The CVSRF consisted of vertebral screws with monoaxial side-loaded head, rods and specific inner screws connecting rod to the screw head. The CVSRF prototype was made from titanium alloy and manufactured by the rapid prototype machine. Vertebrectomy models were simulated by ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene blocks and tested with the CVSRF system (n = 8) and the Screw-PMMA technique (n = 8). The models were developed according to the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM F-1717–04). The biomechanical parameters were the compressive bending yield load, the compressive bending stiffness, the compressive ultimate load and the load displacement curve.
Results The mean values of the compressive bending yield load, compressive bending stiffness and compressive ultimate load of the CVSRF were significantly higher than those of the Screw-PMMA technique (p < 0.01). The load displacement curve of the CVSRF showed higher rigidity and durability than that of the Screw-PMMA technique.
Clinical Significance This mechanical study indicated that the CVSRF system can be used for canine vertebral stabilization and the biomechanical properties were better than those for the Screw-PMMA device.
The Evolution of Environmental Quenching Timescales to z ∼ 1.6: Evidence for Dynamically Driven Quenching of the Cluster Galaxy Population
Authors: Foltz R. , Wilson G. , Muzzin A. , Cooper M. C. , Nantais J. , van der Burg R. F. J. , Cerulo P. , Chan J. , Fillingham S. P. , Surace J. , Webb T. , Noble A. , Lacy M. , McDonald M. , Rudnick G. , Lidman C. , Demarco R. , Hlavacek-Larrondo J. , Yee H. K. C. , Perlmutter S. , Hayden B. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Using a sample of four galaxy clusters at 1.35 < z < 1.65 and 10 galaxy clusters at 0.85 < z < 1.35, we measure the environmental quenching timescale, t
Q, corresponding to the time required after a galaxy is accreted by a cluster for it to fully cease star formation. Cluster members are selected by a photometric-redshift criterion, and categorized as star-forming, quiescent, or intermediate according to their dust-corrected rest-frame colors and magnitudes. We employ a “delayed-then-rapid” quenching model that relates a simulated cluster mass accretion rate to the observed numbers of each type of galaxy in the cluster to constrain t
Q. For galaxies of mass M
* ≳ 1010.5
M
⊙, we find a quenching timescale of t
Q =

Gyr in the z ∼ 1.5 cluster sample, and

Gyr at z ∼ 1. Using values drawn from the literature, we compare the redshift evolution of t
Q to timescales predicted for different physical quenching mechanisms. We find t
Q to depend on host halo mass such that quenching occurs over faster timescales in clusters relative to groups, suggesting that properties of the host halo are responsible for quenching high-mass galaxies. Between z = 0 and z = 1.5, we find that t
Q evolves faster than the molecular gas depletion timescale and slower than an estimated star formation rate-outflow timescale, but is consistent with the evolution of the dynamical time. This suggests that environmental quenching in these galaxies is driven by the motion of satellites relative to the cluster environment, although due to uncertainties in the atomic gas budget at high redshift, we cannot rule out quenching due to simple gas depletion.
Chemical Diversity in Three Massive Young Stellar Objects Associated with 6.7 GHz CH3OH Masers
Authors: Taniguchi Kotomi , Saito Masao , Majumdar Liton , Shimoikura Tomomi , Dobashi Kazuhito , Ozeki Hiroyuki , Nakamura Fumitaka , Hirota Tomoya , Minamidani Tetsuhiro , Miyamoto Yusuke , Kaneko Hiroyuki 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
We have carried out observations in the 42–46 and 82–103 GHz bands with the Nobeyama 45 m radio telescope, and in the 338.2–339.2 and 348.45–349.45 GHz bands with the ASTE 10 m telescope, toward three high-mass star-forming regions containing massive young stellar objects (MYSOs), G12.89+0.49, G16.86−2.16, and G28.28−0.36. We have detected HC3N including its 13C and D isotopologues, CH3OH, CH3CCH, and several complex organic molecules. Using our previous results for HC5N in these sources, we compare their N(HC5N)/N(CH3OH) ratios. The ratio in G28.28−0.36 is derived to be

, which is higher than that in G12.89+0.49 by one order of magnitude, and higher than in G16.86−2.16 by a factor of ∼5. We investigate the relationship between the N(HC5N)/N(CH3OH) and the N(CH3CCH)/N(CH3OH) ratios. The relationships of the two column density ratios in G28.28−0.36 and G16.86−2.16 are similar to each other, while HC5N is less abundant compared to CH3CCH in G12.89+0.49. These results imply a chemical diversity in the lukewarm (T ∼ 20–30 K) envelope around MYSOs. In addition, several spectral lines from complex organic molecules, including very-high-excitation energy lines, have been detected toward G12.89+0.49, while the line density is significantly low in G28.28−0.36. These results suggest that organic-poor MYSOs are surrounded by a carbon-chain-rich lukewarm envelope (G28.28−0.36), while organic-rich MYSOs, namely hot cores, are surrounded by a CH3OH-rich lukewarm envelope (G12.89+0.49 and G16.86−2.16).
Fast Radio Burst 121102 Pulse Detection and Periodicity: A Machine Learning Approach
Authors: Zhang Yunfan Gerry , Gajjar Vishal , Foster Griffin , Siemion Andrew , Cordes James , Law Casey , Wang Yu 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
We report the detection of 72 new pulses from the repeating fast radio burst FRB 121102 in Breakthrough Listen C-band (4–8 GHz) observations at the Green Bank Telescope. The new pulses were found with a convolutional neural network in data taken on 2017 August 26, where 21 bursts have been previously detected. Our technique combines neural network detection with dedispersion verification. For the current application, we demonstrate its advantage over a traditional brute-force dedispersion algorithm in terms of higher sensitivity, lower false-positive rates, and faster computational speed. Together with the 21 previously reported pulses, this observation marks the highest number of FRB 121102 pulses from a single observation, totaling 93 pulses in five hours, including 45 pulses within the first 30 minutes. The number of data points reveals trends in pulse fluence, pulse detection rate, and pulse frequency structure. We introduce a new periodicity search technique, based on the Rayleigh test, to analyze the time of arrivals (TOAs), with which we exclude with 99% confidence periodicity in TOAs with periods larger than 5.1 times the model-dependent timestamp uncertainty. In particular, we rule out constant periods ≳10 ms in the barycentric arrival times, though intrinsic periodicity in the time of emission remains plausible.
Dust Evolution and Satellitesimal Formation in Circumplanetary Disks
Authors: Dra̧żkowska Joanna , Szulágyi Judit 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
It is believed that satellites of giant planets form in circumplanetary disks (CPDs). Many of the previous contributions assumed that their formation process proceeds similarly to rocky planet formation via accretion of the satellite seeds called satellitesimals. However, the satellitesimal formation itself poses a nontrivial problem, as the dust evolution in CPD is heavily impacted by fast radial drift and thus dust growth to satellitesimals is hindered. To address this problem, we connected state-of-the art hydrodynamical simulations of a CPD around a Jupiter-mass planet with dust growth, and a drift model in a post-processing step. We found that there is an efficient pathway to satellitesimal formation if there is a dust trap forming within the disk. Thanks to natural existence of an outward gas-flow region in the hydrodynamical simulation, a significant dust trap arises at the radial distance of 85 R
J from the planet, where the dust-to-gas ratio becomes high enough to trigger streaming instability. The streaming instability leads to efficient formation of the satellite seeds. Because of the constant infall of material from the circumstellar disk and the very short timescale of dust evolution, the CPD acts as a satellitesimal factory, constantly processing the infalling dust to pebbles that gather in the dust trap and undergo the streaming instability.
How clinicians experience a simulated antiretroviral therapy adherence exercise: A qualitative study
Authors: Engelbrecht Justin G. , Mukinda Fidele K. , Green Beryl , Skinner Donald 
Published: October 2018

Background: With the shift of paediatric antiretroviral therapy (ART) from tertiary to primary health care, there has been a need to train clinicians working in primary health care facilities to support adherence to treatment. An adherence simulation exercise was included in a course on paediatric human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and tuberculosis (TB) to stimulate health care providers’ awareness and generate empathy of complex paediatric adherence practices.Aim: The aim of this study was to describe the experience of clinicians completing the simulation exercise and to assess whether enhancing their empathy with patients and treatment supporters would improve their perceived clinical and counselling skills.Setting: The study was conducted at the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, and a guesthouse in Cape Town.Methods: The adherence module used blended learning methodology consisting of face-to-face contact sessions and distance learning. A qualitative thematic approach was used to understand the participant experiences through focus-group discussions and semi-structured interviews.Results: Three thematic clusters emerged, namely, experiences of the simulated exercise, patient–provider relationships and adherence strategies. Their experiences were both positive and challenging, especially when a ‘caregiver and/or treatment supporter’ scenario encouraged participants to reflect on their own relationships with their patients. Clinicians had also considered how empathy fits into their scope of responsibilities. Text messaging and adherence counselling strategies were identified.Conclusion: Simulated learning activities have the potential to create awareness of relationships between clinicians and their patients and generate ideas and discussion that could lead to improvements in clinical practice, and adherence promotion strategies.
Embodied digital technology and transformation in higher education
Authors: Du Toit Jean , Verhoef Anné H. 
Published: October 2018

Background: The use of digital technology in higher education is overwhelmingly positively assessed in most recent research literature. While some literature indicates certain challenges in this regard, in general, the emphasis is on an encouragement and promotion of digital technology in higher education. While we recognised the positive potential of the use of digital technology in higher education, we were cautious of an instrumentalist and disembodied understanding of (digital) technology and its potential impact on higher education – as a sector of education and as a body of students.Aim: To re-conceptualise the way in which technology is understood for its use in the higher education sector, as is argued, would be of benefit for transformation in higher education.Setting: South African Higher Education sector.Methods: Phenomenology of embodiment.Results: An embodied understanding of technology through the embodied phenomenology of Merleau-Ponty and an explication of its potential for transformation in higher education via the working concept of the Embodied Screen leads to a full understanding of the student as embodied and socially-embedded individual.Conclusion: A more holistic and embodied understanding of digital technology serves to supplement transformation in higher education, especially if transformation is itself understood in concrete social and bodily terms as is the case in the South African context.
Understanding the geographies of religion and secularity: on the potentials of a broader exchange between geography and the (post-) secularity debate
Authors: Glasze Georg , Schmitt Thomas M. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract. For a long time, the mainstream of social and cultural geography seems to have implicitly accepted that religion is becoming obsolete and is of little social significance. However, since the 1990s, religion has aroused new interest in the social sciences in general, and to some extent also in social and cultural geography. Against this backdrop, a controversial discussion has started in geography on the relevance of theories of secularisation and the notion of post-secularity, as well as on possible contributions to these debates. The paper introduces the interdisciplinary debate on revisions of theories of secularisation and the promotion of post-secular perspectives, referring, among others, to Jürgen Habermas, Peter Berger, José Casanova, and Talal Asad. In a second step, we argue that an understanding of post-secularity that focuses on the contingency and context-dependent delimitation of the secular and the religious promises to be fruitful for social and cultural geography and can help us to understand the geographies of religion and secularity.
Exorcising “Racecraft”: Toward the RaceSyllabus
Authors: Asare Abena Ampofoa 
Published: October 2018

This paper, based on my experiences teaching Africana Studies at a Northeastern public university, argues that anti-racist pedagogy must include a RaceSyllabus which reveals to diverse students the artificiality of race as a man-made ideology, neither biologically rooted nor divinely-inspired. Barbara Jean Fields and Karen Fields use the term racecraft to describe how race ideology persists as a subterranean, almost occult force in American institutions and minds. In my teaching I have developed a syllabus which propels students into a novel mental terrain where the racial categories we inherit and inhabit are neither inevitable or natural, but instead are created and re-created by our national economic, political, social, and cultural choices. The RaceSyllabus includes two interrelated learning objectives which, together, propel students to see outside our society’s race-tinted lenses. 1. Students should consider that racial identities in the United States are historically specific. 2. Students should consider that racial identities are geographically specific. These two insights, when taught together, are remarkably effective in exposing the artificiality of our national racial myths.
Educação intercultural e ensino de português para indígenas
Authors: Abram dos Santos Lilian 
Published: October 2018

Este artigo tem o propósito de promover uma reflexão sobre o ensino de português realizado dentro de uma proposta de educação intercultural, em contexto indígena. Serão abordados contextos sociolinguísticos específicos em que o português foi ensinado como segunda língua de estudantes pertencentes a diferentes povos. Embora as situações sejam diferentes devido à diversidade cultural dos estudantes, a orientação adotada para conduzir as aulas foi a perspectiva da interculturalidade crítica, que entende o conflito e a assimetria como constitutivos do contato entre culturas, devendo, portanto, ser abordados e debatidos na educação intercultural. Procuro demonstrar que é possível ter, como um dos objetivos do ensino de português em contextos complexos, e, especificamente, no indígena, a formação linguística dos estudantes a partir dos princípios de respeito ao português indígena e da problematização dos conflitos sociolinguísticos, tendo como objetivo uma educação intercultural e para a interculturalidade. As práticas aqui focalizadas ocorrem de acordo com os princípios da legislação brasileira para a educação escolar indígena que vigora no Brasil desde a Constituição Federal de 1988. Tais princípios estabelecem o direito a uma educação bilíngue e intercultural a todos os povos indígenas brasileiros, bem como o respeito a suas especificidades e diferenças. Abordarei primeiramente as características sociolinguísticas de cada contexto de ensino; a seguir, discutirei algumas possíveis interpretações do português indígena e, por fim, discutirei alguns exercícios para a educação intercultural nas aulas de português. Espero, com esta análise, poder somar e dar continuidade ao debate sobre o ensino de português, de uma perspectiva crítica e culturalmente sensível, em contextos pouco (re)conhecidos, como é o caso dos povos indígenas.
Transcriptional upregulation of c‐MYC by AXL confers epirubicin resistance in esophageal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Hong Jun , Maacha Selma , Belkhiri Abbes 
Published: October 2018

AXL receptor tyrosine kinase is overexpressed in esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) and several other types of malignancies; hence, it may be a valuable therapeutic target. Herein, we investigated the role of AXL in regulating c‐MYC expression and resistance to the chemotherapeutic agent epirubicin in EAC. Using in vitro EAC cell models, we found that AXL overexpression enhances epirubicin resistance in sensitive cells. Conversely, genetic knockdown or pharmacological inhibition of AXL sensitizes resistant cells to epirubicin. Notably, we showed that inhibition or knockdown of c‐MYC markedly sensitizes AXL‐dependent resistant cells to epirubicin, and our data demonstrated that AXL promotes epirubicin resistance through transcriptional upregulation of c‐MYC. We showed that AXL overexpression significantly increased transcriptional activity, mRNA, and protein levels of c‐MYC. Conversely, AXL knockdown reversed these effects. Mechanistic investigations indicated that AXL upregulates c‐MYC expression through activation of the AKT/β‐catenin signaling pathway. Data from a tumor xenograft mouse model indicated that inhibition of AXL with R428 in combination with epirubicin synergistically suppresses tumor growth and proliferation. Our results demonstrate that AXL promotes epirubicin resistance through transcriptional upregulation of c‐MYC in EAC. Our findings support future clinical trials to assess the therapeutic potential of R428 in epirubicin‐resistant tumors with overexpression of AXL and activation of c‐MYC.