bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TORC1 Regulates Thermotolerance via Modulating Metabolic Rate and Antioxidant Capacity in Scallop Argopecten irradians irradians
Authors: Chu Longfei , Liu Ancheng , Chang Jiaxi , Zhang Junhao , Hou Xiujiang , Zhu Xinghai , Xing Qiang , Bao Zhenmin 
Published: November 2024

Target of rapamycin complex 1 (TORC1) is a key regulator of metabolism in eukaryotes across multiple pathways. Although TORC1 has been extensively studied in vertebrates and some invertebrates, research on this complex in scallops is limited. In this study, we identified the genes encoding TORC1 complex subunits in the scallop Argopecten irradians irradians through genome-wide in silico scanning. Five genes, including TOR, RAPTOR, LST8, DEPTOR, and PRAS40, that encode the subunits of TORC1 complex were identified in the bay scallop. We then conducted structural characterization and phylogenetic analysis of the A. i. irradians TORC1 (AiTORC1) subunits to determine their structural features and evolutionary relationships. Next, we analyzed the spatiotemporal expressions of AiTORC1-coding genes during various embryo/larvae developmental stages and across different tissues in healthy adult scallops. The results revealed stage- and tissue-specific expression patterns, suggesting diverse roles in development and growth. Furthermore, the regulation of AiTORC1-coding genes was examined in temperature-sensitive tissues (the mantle, gill, hemocyte, and heart) of bay scallops exposed to high-temperature (32 °C) stress over different durations (0 h, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h, 3 d, 6 d, and 10 d). The expression of AiTORC1-coding genes was predominantly suppressed in the hemocyte but was generally activated in the mantle, gill, and heart, indicating a tissue-specific response to heat stress. Finally, functional validation was performed using the TOR inhibitor rapamycin to suppress AiTORC1, leading to an enhanced catabolism, a decreased antioxidant capacity, and a significant reduction in thermotolerance in bay scallops. Collectively, this study elucidates the presence, structural features, evolutional relationships, expression profiles, and roles in antioxidant capacity and metabolism regulation of AiTORC1 in the bay scallop, providing a preliminary understanding of its versatile functions in response to high-temperature challenges in marine mollusks.
Effect of Glycated Haemoglobin (HBA1c) on Cardiorespiratory Fitness (CRF) in a Population with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM): A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Dixit Snehil , Bassi-Dibai Daniela , Dibai-Filho Almir Vieira , Mendes Renata G. , Alqahtani Abdulfattah S. , Alshehri Mohammed M. , Aldhahi Monira I. , Alkhamis Batool Abdulelah , Reddy Ravi Shankar , Tedla Jaya Shanker , Borghi-Silva Audrey 
Published: November 2024

Background and Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) measures, maximal oxygen consumption (VO2 max), and minute ventilation/carbon dioxide production (VE/VCO2 slope and others) among the T2DM population based on glycated haemoglobin (HBA1c). Material and Methods: The present study comprised a cross-sectional design, with two groups, based on HbA1c values (≤7 and ≥7.1). Laboratory samples were taken to evaluate glycated haemoglobin and fasting blood glucose (FBS). Cardiopulmonary exercise testing was performed to calculate various fitness-related parameters. Data analysis: An independent t-test was used to analyse the outcomes in the two groups. p < 0.05 was considered significant. Linear regression was used to examine the influence of predictor variables on dependent variables. Results: A total of 70 patients agreed to participate in the study, with 19 females and 51 males. The mean (standard deviation) BMI (body mass index) of all participants was 29.7(5.2), the mean (SD) weight was 84.4 (18.9) kg, and the mean height was 167.4 (23) cm. The average age of the individuals was 52 ± 8 years. The independent t-test revealed a significant difference between the two groups in terms of CRF measures. Conclusions: The current research identified the presence of poor glycaemic control and cardiorespiratory fitness measures among the Brazilian population with T2DM. HBA1c, duration of diabetes, age, and BMI can be employed to predict the ventilatory threshold (VT) and VO2 max.
Biennial Variation and Herbivory Affect Essential Oils of Ipomoea murucoides and Stomata Density of Neighbor Plants
Authors: Sandoval-Moreno José Manuel , Serrano-Ocampo Lilibeth , Rios Maria Yolanda , Ramírez-Cisneros María de los Ángeles , Flores-Palacios Alejandro , Tapia-Maruri Daniel , Perea-Arango Irene de la Concepción , Arellano-García José de Jesús , Vergara-Torres Carmen Agglael , Valencia-Díaz Susana 
Published: November 2024

Essential oils (EOs) are mixtures of volatile organic compounds that mediate plant interactions and are also appreciated for their biological properties in aromatic plants. However, the study of EOs in wild plants with biological activity has been neglected. Ipomoea murucoides is a wild species with allelopathic and insecticide activities; however, the climate factors associated with EOs and their role in intra- and interspecific interactions are still unknown. We investigated the effects of temperature, rain, and solar irradiance for two years on the EOs of I. murucoides and documented the effect of herbivory (without, <20%, >20%, and mechanical damage) on their composition. We evaluated the receptivity to possible infochemicals in conspecific and congeneric neighbors to I. murucoides plants exposed to methyl jasmonate (MeJA), herbivory by Ogdoecosta biannularis and without an elicitor. We measured the stomatal density and aperture in the second leaf generation of the neighbor plants. The year and herbivory >20% affected the composition of EOs. Nerolidol could be a biological marker for herbivory. We concluded that herbivory and rain irregularity contribute to EOs changing. The response in the stomatal density in plants not consumed by I. pauciflora but near I. murucoides under MeJA or herbivory gives evidence of interspecific plant–plant communication.
CURRENT TREATMENT OPTIONS FOR COVID - 19
Authors: E. Eren , A.U. Kiliç 
Published: November 2024

The current pandemic of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused about 350 000 deaths in world. Currently, there are no proven effective vaccines or therapeutic agents against the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Current clinical management includes supportive treatment and infection prevention and control measures. Research and clinical data regarding suggest a potential list of repurposed drugs with appropriate pharmacological effects and therapeutic efficacies in treating COVID-19 patients. In this review, we will update and summarize the most common and plausible drugs for the treatment of COVID-19 patients. These drugs and therapeutic agents include antiviral agents (favipiravir, remdesivir, hydroxychloroquine-chloroquine, lopinavir/ritonavir) and immunomodulatory agents (tocilizumab, tnf alpha inhibitors, corticosteroids, mesenchymal stem cell), among others.
Нынешняя пандемия коронавирусной болезни 2019 года (COVID-19) вызвала около 350 000 смертей в мире. В настоящее время не существует проверенных эффективных вакцин или терапевтических средств против тяжелого острого респираторного синдрома коронавируса 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Текущее клиническое ведение включает поддерживающее лечение и меры профилактики и контроля инфекции. Исследования и клинические данные в отношении этого предполагают потенциальный список перепрофилированных лекарств с соответствующими фармакологическими эффектами и терапевтической эффективностью при лечении пациентов с COVID-19. В этом обзоре мы будем обновлять и обобщать наиболее распространенные и вероятные препараты для лечения пациентов с COVID-19. Эти лекарственные средства и терапевтические агенты включают противовирусные агенты (фавипиравир, ремдесивир, гидроксихлорохин-хлорохин, лопинавир / ритонавир) и иммуномодулирующие агенты (тоцилизумаб, ингибиторы TNF-альфа, кортикостероиды, мезенхимальные стволовые клетки) и другие.
2019 жылғы коронавирустық аурудың қазіргі пандемиясы (COVID-19) әлемде 350 000-ға жуық өлім тудырды. Қазіргі уақытта 2 коронавирустың ауыр жіті респираторлық синдромына (SARS-CoV-2) қарсы тексерілген тиімді вакциналар немесе дәрілер жоқ. Ағымдағы клиникалық жүргізу демеуші емді және инфекцияның алдын алу және бақылау шараларын қамтиды. Бұған қатысты зерттеулер мен клиникалық деректер COVID-19 бар пациенттерді емдеуде тиісті фармакологиялық әсерлері мен терапиялық тиімділігі бар қайта бейіндегі дәрілердің тізімін ұсынады. Бұл шолуда біз COVID-19 бар пациенттерді емдеуге арналған ең көп таралған және ықтимал препараттарды жаңартып, жинақтаймыз. Бұл дәрілік заттар мен терапевтік агенттерге вирусқа қарсы агенттер (фавипиравир, ремдесивир, гидроксихлорохин-хлорохин, лопинавир / ритонавир) және иммуномодуляциялық агенттер (тоцилизумаб, TNF-альфа тежегіштері, кортикостероидтар, мезенхимальды бағаналы жасушалар) және басқалар кіреді.
COVID-19 В КАЗАХСТАНЕ И ВОСТОЧНО-КАЗАХСТАНСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ
Authors: С.Б. Маукаева , А.З. Токаева , Ж.Б. Исабекова , Е.М. Смаил , Г.И. Нуралинова , В.А. Тренина , С.С. Каримова , А.Ж. Киебаева , С.Н. Битимиров , Е.Т. Жунусов 
Published: November 2024

Новая коронавирусная инфекция, вспыхнувшая в декабре 2019 года в Китае, распространилась по всему миру, не стал исключением и Казахстан. Вопросы эпидемиологии, клиники, методов лечения данного заболевания в настоящее время находятся на стадии изучения. Цель настоящего исследования - описать клинико-эпидемиологическую характеристику COVID-19 в Казахстане и Восточно-Казахстанской области (ВКО). Было проведено ретроспективное исследование случаев COVID-19 по данным Комитета контроля качества и безопасности товаров и услуг Министерства Здравоохранения Республики Казахстан с января по 15 мая 2020 г. в Казахстане и ВКО. Также в работе представлен анализ клинико-эпидемиологической характеристики случаев COVID-19, имевших место в г. Семей.
New coronavirus infection that broke out in December 2019 in China spread throughout the world, and Kazakhstan was no exception. Issues of epidemiology, clinic, treatment for this disease are currently under study. The purpose of this study is to describe the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 in Kazakhstan and the East Kazakhstan region (EKR). Retrospective case study of COVID-19 was conducted according to the Committee for Quality and Safety of Goods and Services of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan from January to May 15, 2020 in Kazakhstan and EKR. The paper also presents analysis of the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of the cases of COVID-19 that occurred in Semey.
2019 жылдың желтоқсанында Қытайда бүрк еткен жаңа коронавирустық инфекция бүкіл әлемге таралды, солардың ішінде Қазақстан да бар. Осы аурудың эпидемиологиясы, клиникасы, емдеу әдістерінің мәселелері қазіргі уақытта зерттелу сатысында. Осы зерттеудің мақсаты - Қазақстанда және Шығыс Қазақстан облысында (ШҚО) COVID-19 клиникалық-эпидемиологиялық сипаттамасын жасау. Қазақстан Республикасы Денсаулық сақтау министрлігі тауарлар мен қызметтердің сапасы мен қауіпсіздігін бақылау комитетінің деректері бойынша 2020 жылдың қаңтарынын 15 мамырға дейін Қазақстан және ШҚО бойынша COVID-19 жағдайларына ретроспективті зерттеу жүргізілді.Сонымен қатар жұмыста Семей қаласында орын алған COVID-19 жағдайларының клиникалық-эпидемиологиялық сипаттамасына талдау жасалды.
The Effect of Geographical Factors on the Foreign Policy of Qatar during 2014-2016
Authors: Abaalzamat Khlaid H. 
Published: November 2024

Objectives:Qatar is a small country that showed an important role in the local, regional, and international levels. Several geographical factors such as location, area, shape, and regional water have affected Qatar’s foreign affairs policy. Therefore, this study aims at illustrating the role of geographical factors in the country’s foreign affairs policy. What makes the study significant is that it is the first study which focuses on this topic in Qatar.
Methods: The study has used to analysis the Foreign polices decisions two methods (i.e. Dwisha, 1977) (Dawisha) framework throughout the study.
Results: The study revealed that some geographical factors had recently benefited Qatar during the forced siege by some GCC countries. Also, the political crises made Qatar depends mainly in its foreign affairs policy on the given energy resources alongside with a wide range of foreign relationships network with the effective countries in the international policy. This, enabled Qatar to overcome on the lack of space and population in order to enhance its economy to be out of the dominance of some GCC countries.
Conclusions: Finally, the study approved that Qatar had inter-relation foreign network that positioned Qatar politically among countries, organizations, institutions comparing with large states. Keywords: Qatar’s geopolitics, Foreign policy, geographical factors, Qatar Siege, Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC).
Evaluating ChatGPT's Role in Assessing Turkey's Medical Tourism Trends
Authors: Akpur Akın , Enes Kemal 
Published: November 2024

Background and Aims: The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the performance of the ChatGPT as an expert in the field of medical tourism. Another objective of this study is to assess its evaluations regarding the current state and future prospects of medical tourism in Turkey from an artificial intelligence perspective.
Methods: Within the scope of the study's objectives, questions were created for ChatGPT regarding the current state and future prospects of medical tourism in Turkey. First, the draft questions were prepared by the authors of this article using the literature. All questions were evaluated by experts through online interviews. Totally 8 experts have been evaluated the questionnaires. These experts consisted of two tourism professors who had research on medical tourism, three major medical tourism hospital managers, one reconstructive aesthetician clinic owner, and the Turkish Healthcare Travel Council Founding Chairman. The second step of the research questionnaire was applied to the ChatGPT Model 4, which was trained as a medical tourism expert. than test the answers of the AI used the tools “Completeness of content, Lack of false information in the content, Evidence supporting the content, Appropriateness of the content, and Relevance,” referred as CLEAR. All answers were evaluated by 41 experts who had articles and research on medical tourism in Turkey. To explain the methodology appropriately, reporting was conducted using the METRICS checklist, which was prepared for artificial intelligence studies.
Results: TThe general answers of ChatGPT 4-o were accurate, informative, and helpful, providing a good overview of medical tourism in Turkey. However, the responses lacked detail, did not provide evidence-based information, and did not always address the nuances and cultural/social impacts of medical tourism. ChatGPT 4-o views the future of Turkey’s medical tourism as shiny and will force the lead in general.
Conclusions: This study is important for revealing data on the current and future state of medical tourism through artificial intelligence. However, only a few studies have been conducted on artificial intelligence and medical tourism. To the best of our knowledge, there is no existing literature that systematically evaluates the ChatGPT responses of medical tourism experts. In this regard, it is believed that the study will benefit both academics and practitioners.
RESPON PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL JAGUNG MANIS (Zea mays Saccharata Sturt). PADA PEMBERIAN DOSIS BOKASHI DAN PUPUK PHOSPOR
Authors: Mulatsih Sri , Suzanna Eka , Puspa Wijaya Rizani 
Published: November 2024

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dosis bokashi dan pupuk phospor terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil serta interaksi antara keduanya yang memberikan pertumbuhan dan hasil terbaik Penelitian dilaksanakan di desa Air Umban Kecamatan Pino, Kabupaten Bengkulu Selatan. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok Lengkap (RAKL) yang terdiri dari 2 (dua) faktor dengan 3 (tiga) ulangan. Faktor pertama : Dosis bokashi terdiri dari 4 (empat) taraf yaitu ; D0 (tanpa bokashi, D1 (bokashi 10 ton/ha), D2 (15 ton/ha), dan D3 (20 ton/ha). Faktor kedua adalah dosis pupuk Phospor yang terdiri 4 (empat) taraf; yaitu : P0 (tanpa pupuk P), P1 (50 kg/ha), P2 (100 kg/ha), P3 (150 kg/ha). Dari kedua perlakuan tersebut diperoleh 16 kombinasi perlakuan dengan 3 ulangan sehingga terdapat 48 satuan percobaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dosis bokashi dan phospor serta interaksi antara keduanya berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman, diameter batang, berat kering brangkasan, berat kering akar, panjang tongkol, diameter tongkol dan hasil jagung manis. Interaksi antara dosis bokashi D3 (20 ton/ha) dan pupuk phospor P3 (150 kg/ha) menghasilkan pertumbuhan dan hasil jagung manis tertinggi terlihat dari hasil jagung per petak.
Kata kunci : Bokashi, Dosis, Jagung manis.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE-BASED EXTRACORPOREAL SHOCKWAVE THERAPY (ESWT) DOSAGE AND PHYSIOTHERAPIST-PLANNED ESWT DOSAGE ON REDUCING PAIN IN PATIENTS WITH LOW BACK PAIN- A QUICK REVIEW.
Authors: Lim Qi En  , Kshtrashal Singh  , Raja Regan Jeyachandran  
Published: November 2024

Background: Low back pain is a prevalent condition that significantly affects quality of life and functional ability. Extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) is increasingly used as a non- invasive treatment option. However, determining the optimal dosage for effective pain relief remains challenging. This study explores the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) to enhance the planning of ESWT dosage compared to traditional physiotherapist-driven approaches.
Objectives: The primary objective is to assess the effectiveness of AI in planning ESWT dosages for patients with low back pain. The secondary objective is to investigate the applicability of AI in planning dosages for other electro-modalities in the management of musculoskeletal conditions.

Methods: This study reviews literature on AI-based physiotherapeutic interventions for musculoskeletal conditions. A total of 52 participants of both genders, with low back pain and no contraindications for ESWT, were recruited and divided into two groups. The control group received ESWT dosages planned by physiotherapists, while the intervention group received AI- generated dosages, specifically developed using ChatGPT based on relevant clinical information. Pain levels were measured using the Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) and the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) before the first session and after the final treatment. Within-group and between-group differences in pain reduction were analyzed.
Results: The literature indicates promising outcomes for AI-planned therapies in various musculoskeletal conditions.
Conclusions: The use of AI in planning ESWT has the potential to yield more effective and personalized rehabilitation plans, enhancing treatment outcomes for patients with low back pain.
Implications: This research highlights the potential of AI in accurately planning electro- modalities protocols, which may reduce the time required for clinicians to design treatment plans and improve overall treatment accuracy.
Estimating Dust Attenuation from Galactic Spectra. III. Radial Variations of Dust Attenuation Scaling Relations in MaNGA Galaxies
Authors: Li Niu , Li Cheng 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We investigate the radial dependence of the scaling relations of dust attenuation in nearby galaxies using integral field spectroscopy data from MaNGA. We identify ionized gas regions of kiloparsec size from MaNGA galaxies, and for each region we estimate both the stellar attenuation E(B − V)star and gas attenuation E(B − V)gas. We then quantify the correlations of 15 regional/global properties with E(B − V)gas and E(B − V)star, using both the feature importance obtained with the Random Forest regression technique and the Spearman correlation coefficients. The importance of stellar mass, metallicity, and nebular velocity dispersion found previously from studies based on the Sloan Digital Sky Survey can be reproduced if our analysis is limited to the central region of galaxies. The scaling relations of both E(B − V)gas and E(B − V)star are found to vary strongly as one goes from the galactic center to outer regions, and from Hα-bright regions to Hα-faint regions. For E(B − V)gas, [N ii]/[S ii] is top-ranked with a much higher correlation coefficient than any other property at 0 < R ≲ R

e
, while [O iii]/[O ii] outperforms [N ii]/[S ii] as the leading property in the outermost region. For E(B − V)star, stellar age shows the strongest correlation with no/weak dependence on radial distance, although ΣHα
and specific star formation rate present similarly strong correlations with E(B − V)star in the galactic center. We find Hα-bright regions to generally show stronger correlations with E(B − V)gas, while Hα-faint regions are more strongly correlated with E(B − V)star, although this depends on individual properties and radial distance. The implications of our results for studies of high-z galaxies are discussed.
Tracking Outflow Using Line Locking (TOLL). I. The Case Study of Quasar J221531-174408
Authors: Chen Chen , Yi Weimin , He Zhicheng , Hamann Fred , Ma Bo 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Investigating line-locked phenomena within quasars is crucial for understanding the dynamics of quasar outflows, the role of radiation pressure in astrophysical flows, and the star formation history and metallicity of the early Universe. We have initiated the Tracking Outflow by Line Locking project to study quasar outflow by studying line-locking signatures using high-resolution high-signal-to-noise-ratio quasar spectra. In this paper, we present a case study of the line-locking signatures from QSO J221531-174408. The spectrum was obtained using the Very Large Telescope’s UV Visual Echelle Spectrograph. We first identify associated absorbers in the spectrum using C iv, N v, and Si iv doublets and measure their velocity shifts, covering fractions, and column densities through a line-profile-fitting technique. Then we compare the velocity separations between different absorbers, and detect nine pairs of line-locked C iv doublets, three pairs of line-locked N v doublets, and one pair of line-locked Si iv doublets. This is one of the four quasars known to possess line-locked signatures in C iv, Si iv, and N v at the same time. We also find three complex line-locked systems, where three to five absorbers are locked together through multi-ion doublets. Our study suggests that line locking is a common phenomenon in the quasar outflows, and theoretical models involving more than two clouds and one ionic doublet are needed in the future to explain the formation of these complex line-locking signatures.