bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Covalently Anchoring an Ultrathin Conformal SiOx Coating on Polyolefin Separator for Enhanced Lithium Metal Battery Performance
Authors: Zhang Yulin , Lu Jianhao , Jin Zhaoqing , Xie Xintai , Wei Lei , Li Pengfei , Zhao Yao , Zhao Jiachang , Xu Caihong , Wang Weikun , Zhang Zongbo 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSurface modification of separators with inorganic oxide ceramics such as SiOx, Al2O3, and TiO2 has emerged as a promising strategy to suppress lithium dendrite growth in lithium metal batteries, thereby enhancing safety and extending battery life. However, the binder‐dependent nature of these modifications often leads to increased separator thickness and a heightened risk of detachment during lithium plating, ultimately compromising both battery performance and energy density. In this study, a conformal, ultrathin (≈20 nm) SiOx coating with strong covalent bonding is grown on a porous separator through a liquid polymer‐derived method. Compared to the pristine polyethylene (PE) separators, this SiOx‐co‐PE separator exhibits significantly improved electrolyte wettability, mechanical strength, and thermal stability without any increase in thickness, leading to vastly enhanced cycling stability and dendrite resistance in cells with Li metal anodes. In a practical demonstration, a 402.9 Wh·kg−1 Li‐S pouch cell, with a high sulfur loading of 9 mg cm−2 and a low E/S ratio of 3.3 µL mg−1, is assembled with the SiOx‐co‐PE separator, achieving stable cycling over 70 cycles at 25 °C.
Soft‐Actuated Cuff Electrodes with Minimal Contact for Bidirectional Peripheral Interfaces
Authors: Moon Hyunmin , Park Byungwook , Chou Namsun , Park Ki‐Su , Lee Sanghoon , Kim Sohee 
Published: November 2024

AbstractNeural interfaces with embedded electrical functions, such as cuff electrodes, are essential for monitoring and stimulating peripheral nerves. Still, several challenges remain with cuff electrodes because sutured devices can damage the nerve by high pressure and the secured contact of electrodes with the nerve is hard to accomplish, which however is essential in maintaining electrical performance. Here, a sutureless soft‐actuated cuff electrodes (SACE) that can envelop the nerve conveniently by creating a bent shape controlled upon fluid injection, is introduced. Moreover, fluid injection protrudes part of the device where electrodes are formed, thereby achieving minimized, soft but secure contact between the electrodes and the nerve. In vivo results demonstrate the successful recording and stimulation of peripheral nerves over time up to 6 weeks. While securing contact with the nerve, the implanted electrodes can preserve the nerve intact with no reduction in blood flow, thereby indicating only minimal compressive force applied to the nerve. The SACE is expected to be a promising tool for recording and stimulation of peripheral nerves toward bidirectional neuroprostheses.
Synergetic Modulation of Electronic Properties of Cobalt Oxide via “Tb” Single Atom for Uphill Urea and Water Electrolysis
Authors: Ajmal Sara , Rasheed Aamir , Sheng Wenxiang , Dastgeer Ghulam , Nguyen Quynh Anh T. , Wang Peihong , Chen Ping , Liu Shoujie , Bui Viet Q. , Zhu Manzhou , Li Peng , Wang Dingsheng 
Published: November 2024

AbstractExploring single‐atom (SA) catalysts in hybrid urea‐assisted water electrolysis offers a viable alternative to both Hydrogen (H2) generation and polluted water treatment. However, the unfavorable electronic stabilization, low SA content, intrinsically slow kinetics, and imbalanced adsorption‐desorption steps are the bottleneck for its scale‐up implementation. Herein, a rare‐earth Terbium single atom (TbSA) is topologically stabilized on defect‐rich Co3O4 (TbSA@d‐Co3O4) by Tb─O co‐ordination for urea oxidation reaction (UOR) and H2 evolution reaction (HER). Benefitting from the strong TbSA interaction with the d‐Co3O4, the TbSA@d‐Co3O4 achieves a 10 mA cm−2 current density at 1.27 V and −35 mV for UOR and HER, respectively. Remarkably, when TbSA@d‐Co3O4 is applied as a bi‐functional catalyst in a two‐electrode system, it merely requires 1.22 V to acquire 10 mA cm−2 with excellent operational stability for 100 h. The hybrid electrolyzer can be successfully empowered by the triboelectric nanogenerator, AA battery, and solar panel with a nominal potential of 1.5 V. The mechanistic investigation predicts “TbSA” insertion in d‐Co3O4 lowered the potential determining step, attributed to balanced reaction energetics for adsorption‐desorption of intermediates and favorable charge transfer characteristics for UOR. This work offers a new paradigm to explore the catalytic properties of rare‐earth “f‐block” elements to create advanced electrocatalysts via structural modulation.
Natural Plant Fiber‐Based Materials for Packaging Applications – A Review of Recent Innovations and Developments
Authors: Zhang Zicong , Hao Fayi , Hu Dan , Liu Weili , Chen Xingyu 
Published: November 2024

AbstractNatural plant fiber‐based packaging materials emerges as sustainable alternatives to conventional plastic and non‐biodegradable packaging. This paper presents an extensive review of the current technological status quo and commercial applications of natural plant fiber‐based packaging such as fiber‐based foams, molded pulp packaging, fiber‐based bottles, fiber‐based flexible packaging, fiber‐based blister packaging and stretchable paper. It focuses on the manufacturing processes and newest technology advancement of environmentally sustainable materials, meanwhile, the currently industry‐leading, cutting‐edge commercial products also are discussed. In conclusion, the paper advocates for the pivotal role natural plant fiber‐based packaging plays in transforming the packaging industry, addressing waste reduction, resource conservation, and climate change. It encourages the wider adoption of these materials while acknowledging the complexities involved and the need for continuous research and development to ensure their viability and effectiveness in meeting stringent packaging requirements.
A Microfluidic Multiplex Sorter for Strain Development
Authors: Leal‐Alves Chiara , Dumont Sebastien , Deng Zhiyang , Alkhaldi Sarah , Leung Ziuwin , Oeser Michelle , Shih Steve C. C. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSelecting strains with superior traits from strain improvement strategies is challenging, as it involves navigating the fitness landscape by applying selective pressures that drive variants from peaks of improvement to valleys over time. In recent years, the screening and selection is conducted via droplet microfluidic methods due to its high throughput capabilities. However, the oft‐used binary strategy, targeting only the high levels of improved traits, may not reflect the overall enhancement. A multiplexed sorting method capable of applying an additional threshold to sort traits by phenotypic strength is reported. The novel approach uses a droplet‐digital microfluidic sorter to screen different volumes of droplets using the same device design and sorting parameters. This method is used to sort glucoamylase enzyme mutants with two levels of activity (medium and high) from libraries of diastatic yeast that have been mutated with non‐genetically modified techniques. Using the multiplex system, medium‐performing strains with enhanced (up to 60%) fermentation kinetics in synthetic beverage media, which would have been missed with a binary screening approach, are identified. The multiplex sorting strategy efficiently finds strains with superior fermentation traits in the fitness landscape without requiring extensive screening rounds and mutations.
Biodegradable and Implantable Triboelectric Nanogenerator Improved by β‐Lactoglobulin Fibrils‐Assisted Flexible PVA Porous Film
Authors: Quan Yichang , Wang Engui , Ouyang Han , Xu Lingling , Jiang Lu , Teng Lijing , Li Jiaxuan , Luo Lin , Wu Xujie , Zeng Zhu , Li Zhou , Zheng Qiang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractTriboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) are highly promising as implantable, degradable energy sources and self‐powered sensors. However, the degradable triboelectric materials are often limited in terms of contact electrification and mechanical properties. Here, a bio‐macromolecule‐assisted toughening strategy for PVA aerogel‐based triboelectric materials is proposed. By introducing β‐lactoglobulin fibrils (BF) into the PVA aerogel network, the material's mechanical properties while preserving its swelling resistance is significantly enhanced. Compared to pure PVA porous film, the BF‐PVA porous film exhibits an eightfold increase in fracture strength (from 1.92 to 15.48 J) and a fourfold increase in flexibility (from 10.956 to 39.36 MPa). Additionally, the electrical output of BF‐PVA in triboelectric performance tests increased nearly fivefold (from 45 to 203 V). Leveraging these enhanced properties, a biodegradable TENG (bi‐TENG) for implantable muscle activity sensing is developed, achieving real‐time monitoring of neuromuscular processes. This innovation holds significant potential for advancing implantable medical devices and promoting new applications in bio‐integrated electronics.
Identification of risk factors for postoperative complications after right colectomy and low anterior resection in patients ≥85 years old with colorectal cancer using the National Clinical Database
Authors: Akagi Tomonori , Nishimura Shiori , Ueda Yoshitake , Inomata Masafumi , Shiroshita Hidefumi , Takiguchi Shuji , Sakai Yoshiharu , Kumamaru Hiraku , Ueno Hideki , Kitagawa Yuko 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAimThe purpose of this study was to evaluate factors associated with surgical outcomes and postoperative complications (Grade ≥3 by Clavien–Dindo classification) of right hemicolectomy (RH) and low anterior resection (LAR) for colorectal cancer in patients ≥85 years old.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed National Clinical Database (NCD) data on patients aged ≥85 years who underwent RH and LAR for colorectal cancer between 2017 and 2020. All possible preoperative factors were used to explore the risk factors for serious postoperative complication in these very elderly patients with colorectal cancer.ResultsFor RH, the operative mortality rate was 1.1% (98 cases), and the rate of serious postoperative complications was 5.2% (480 cases). Similarly, the mortality rate was 1.1% (27 cases), and the rate of serious complications (Clavien–Dindo Grade ≥3) was 8.7% (206 cases) for LAR. Based on multivariate analysis, independent risk factors for serious postoperative complications were male sex, ADL (partially dependent), hypertension, platelets (<150 000/μL), serum Na (<138 mEq/L), and PT‐INR (>1.1) for RH, and ASA‐PS (Grade ≥3), history of pneumonia, creatinine (>1.2 mg/day), and serum Na (<138 mEq/L) for LAR.ConclusionsThe present results for RH and LAR suggest that surgical treatment for patients aged ≥85 years old is safe and feasible. Surgeons need to pay special attention more to physical status and past medical history than to tumor factors to prevent serious postoperative complications in these older patients with colorectal cancer.
Hailey‐Hailey Disease Caused by a Novel Deep Intronic Variant in ATP2C1
Authors: Blechingberg Jenny , Terkelsen Thorkild , Jensen Uffe Birk , Rønholt Kirsten , Sommerlund Mette , Vinter Hanne , Graversen Lise 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTHailey‐Hailey disease (OMIM#169600) is an autosomal dominantly inherited genodermatosis characterized by erosions in the flexural areas of the body. Hailey‐Hailey disease is caused by variants in ATP2C1, but for ~10% of the patients, no causative variant is found in the coding region of ATP2C1. We aimed to determine the genetic cause of Hailey‐Hailey disease in a family without a variant in the coding areas of ATP2C1. By genome sequencing and analysis of all exon and intron sequences of ATP2C1, we identified the variant c.532‐560 T>G (NM_014382.5) in intron 7 of ATP2C1. The variant is predicted by in silico tools to create a new deep intronic donor splice site. Segregation analysis detected the variant in the three affected family members. RNA sequencing confirmed that the variant creates a new deep intronic donor splice site that gives rise to an alternative exon. The identified deep‐intronic variant in ATP2C1 is the likely cause of Hailey‐Hailey disease. This is to our knowledge the first report of a deep‐intronic variant as the cause of Hailey‐Hailey disease, which shows that the analysis of the intronic sequences of ATP2C1 could increase the genetic diagnostic yield for Hailey‐Hailey disease patients.
Middle Pleistocene teeth from Arbreda Cave (Serinyà, northeastern Iberian Peninsula)
Authors: Lozano Marina , Soler Joaquim , López‐Onaindia Diego , Solés Alba , Julià Ramon , Ceperuelo Dolors , Lorenzo Carlos , Soler Narcís 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectivesWe report the discovery and description of three human teeth from the Middle Paleolithic archaeological levels of Arbreda Cave (Serinyà, Catalonia, NE Iberian Peninsula).Materials and MethodsThe teeth, two molars (one right dm2 and one right M2) from Level N (older than 120 kyr) and one P3 from Level J (dated between 71 and 44 kyr), were morphologically described based on microCT images and compared with Neanderthal and Homo sapiens specimens.ResultsThe teeth belong to a minimum of three individuals: one adult and one infant from Level N and one juvenile from Level J. The premolar from Mousterian Level J, the best preserved of the three teeth, exhibits characteristics to those from our comparative sample of Homo neanderthalensis, such as the crown measurements, EDJ traits, enamel thickness and volume of the pulp cavity.DiscussionIn contrast to the clear Neanderthal characteristics observed in the P3 from Level J, the high degree of dental wear and poor state of preservation precludes definitive taxonomic designations of the two teeth from Level N. However, the crown dimensions and some tissue proportions are consistent with a probable assignation to Homo neanderthalensis. The teeth from Level N come from a context of long and recurrent occupations of the cave, whereas the archaeological context of the tooth from Level J is indicative of short and seasonal occupations of the cave, which may indicate a change in the lifestyle strategies of the last Neanderthals of the Iberian Peninsula.
Thermodynamic analysis and performance optimization on an ultra‐low‐temperature cascade refrigeration system using refrigerants R290 and R170
Authors: Ji Shenrui , Liu Zhan , Li Jiafeng , Wang Tao 
Published: November 2024

AbstractTo meet the strict requirement on whole chain of vaccine production, storage, transportation, and distribution, most researches have been done on cascade refrigeration systems to achieve high operation performance, while a research gap on the performance exploration of eco‐friendly refrigeration systems still exists. In this paper, a comprehensive thermodynamic model was established to analyze the operation performance of a pre‐cooled cascade refrigeration system with eco‐friendly refrigerants propane (R290) and ethane (R170). Based on the present thermodynamic model, the performance optimization on the R290‐R170 cascade refrigerator was made with considerations of degree of subcooling, degree of superheat, evaporation temperature, condensation temperature, cascade condensation temperature, and cascade temperature difference. Variations of the coefficient of performance, exergy destruction, and total exergy efficiency of the refrigeration cycle were analyzed. Two mathematical correlations yielding the optimal cascade condensation temperature and maximized coefficient of performance were developed by multilinear regression analysis. When the evaporation temperature is − 60°C, the maximized coefficient of performance and total exergy efficiency are 1.276 and 49.51%. This paper demonstrates the potential for improving the R290‐R170 cascade refrigeration system and furnishes the basis for further exploration on ultra‐low‐temperature refrigerators.
3D‐Printed Gelatin‐Based Scaffold Crosslinked by Genipin: Evaluation of Mechanical Properties and Biological Effect
Authors: Jovanović Marija , Petrović Miloš , Stojanović Dušica , Radulović Nataša , Pantelić Danijel , Stajčić Ivana , Uskoković Petar 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIn this study, scaffolds based on natural polymer gelatin A, blended with polyvinylpyrrolidone were crosslinked by genipin (0.5 and 1 wt%), in order to investigate their mechanical performance and potential for biomedical application. Semi‐solid extrusion (SSE) 3D printing technique was used, enabling in situ crosslinking of the blend during processing. Swelling test showed that the swelling ratio reduces with higher concentration of genipin due to an increased crosslinking. The FTIR analysis confirmed the crosslinking of scaffolds by genipin. DSC analysis and mechanical testing have shown improved thermal and mechanical properties. Morphological analysis of scaffolds by FESEM showed increased toughening of the material with the crosslinking. Tensile strength and microhardness showed a significant rise in scaffolds with the increase in genipin content, which was up to 93.8% and 125.3%, respectively. These findings were in accordance with morphological features present in samples. The biological effect of the scaffold matrix system was evaluated by qualitative and quantitative cytotoxicity assessment in vitro, demonstrating the absence of cytotoxicity in tested preparations in a direct test. The cytotoxicity index based on the metabolic activity of cells in an indirect test showed up to 20% reduction of viability compared with the control, confirming the absence of cytotoxicity, which was additionally verified by propidium iodine staining of the cells exposed to scaffolds. The presented gelatin‐based crosslinked scaffolds obtained by 3D printing represent good candidates for biomedical application and future research that includes further in vitro and in vivo analysis.
The history of the US Starch Round Table
Authors: Maningat Clodualdo C. , Jane Jay‐Lin , Seib Paul A. , Shi Yong‐Cheng , Kainuma Keiji 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesStarch and other carbohydrates are major products of commerce because of their abundant supply and diverse functionalities. They serve as the principal source of dietary energy for humans and animals and perform various functions in many food and nonfood products. Fundamental studies of their composition, structure, and properties led to practical applications and ultimately to their commercial development to serve the food and industrial sectors.FindingsThis paper provides a historical account of the US Starch Round Table, a scientific gathering of international scientists and researchers to discuss “cutting‐edge” research on starch and other carbohydrates. From its early beginning in 1940 to the present time, the Starch Round Table played a crucial role in advancing our knowledge of starch and other carbohydrates.ConclusionsThe concept of the Starch Round Table facilitated discovery, innovation, and progress in the field of carbohydrates with an emphasis on starch. From its genesis in the United States, its popularity has spread to other regions like Japan and Europe, which have been holding a similar event since 1961 and 2010, respectively.Significance and NoveltyNew knowledge was discovered, practical applications were achieved, and successful collaboration among starch and carbohydrate scientists across the globe was made possible through this biennial round table event. Commercial development of starch and other carbohydrate products has benefited immensely from the extraordinary progress made by brilliant and diligent scientists and researchers, past and present.
Electrochemical Esterification Reaction of Alkyne Aldehyde with Alcohols Mediated by Carbene and Iodine
Authors: Chen Kai‐Wei , Wang Guo‐Ao , Cui Fei‐Hu , Li Shu‐Hui , Pan Ying‐Ming , Tang Hai‐Tao 
Published: November 2024

AbstractA new type of alkyne esterification was developed under electrochemical conditions using alkyne aldehydes and alcohol compounds as starting materials and carbene and iodine as mediators. Through this method, external oxidants and transition metals are excluded and the alkyne bond is fully preserved. This approach is compatible with a wide range of substrates and various functional groups and provides a green and mild new route for directly converting alkyne aldehydes into alkyne esters.
Cobalt‐Catalyzed Hydroarylation of 2,3‐Dihydrofuran to Access α‐Arylated Tetrahydrofurans
Authors: Sun Hao‐Kai , Lu Xi , Fu Yao 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe α‐arylated tetrahydrofurans, commonly found in biologically active molecules, exhibit diverse biological activities and pharmacological effects. The functionalization of 2,3‐dihydrofuran offers a potential route for the synthesis of substituted tetrahydrofurans. Nevertheless, the development of earth‐abundant metal‐catalyzed regioselective hydrofunctionalization of 2,3‐dihydrofuran for the synthesis of substituted tetrahydrofurans remains to be pursued. Herein, we report a cobalt‐catalyzed hydroarylation of 2,3‐dihydrofuran, which serves as the first example of cobalt hydride‐catalyzed alkene hydroarylation. This reaction provides an efficient method for the synthesis of α‐arylated tetrahydrofurans with high reaction efficiency, exclusive α‐arylation selectivity, and remarkable functional group compatibility.
3D Printable Polymer Electrolytes for Ionic Conduction based on Protic Ionic Liquids
Authors: Lange Alyna , Arwish Sajal , Rensonnet Aurelie , Elamin Khalid , Abdurrokhman Iqbaal , Wojnarowska Zaneta , Rosenwinkel Mark , Malherbe Cedric , Schönhoff Monika , Zehbe Kerstin , Taubert Andreas 
Published: November 2024

AbstractA range of protic ionic liquids (PILs) based on tri‐n‐alkylammonium cations and mesylate/triflate anions were incorporated into a polymer matrix to form ionogels (IGs). These systems were investigated for their thermal and electrochemical behaviour, as well as under the aspect of ion motion via PFG‐NMR. The ionic conductivities of the ILs/IGs are in the range of 10−4–10−3 S/cm−1 at elevated temperatures and the diffusion coefficients are around 10−11 m2 s−1. Successful 3D printing of an IG with 70 wt % of IL is possible via stereolithography approaches, opening up applications in, e. g., structured ion‐conductive membranes.
The Impact of Modulation Techniques on Brushless DC Motor Drive
Authors: Dwivedi Dhawal , Singh Samarjeet , Kalaiselvi J. , Chinmaya K. A. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThree‐phase brushless DC (BLDC) motors are cost‐effective and are increasingly used in various speed control applications. The phase voltage, DC‐bus utilization, current ripple, and torque ripple are major performance parameters for a BLDC motor drive. Different pulse width modulation (PWM) methods will diversely influence these parameters. This paper presents the phase voltage, current ripple, and DC‐bus utilization analysis of BLDC motor drive for four PWM techniques and provides a comparative analysis. The current ripple of the BLDC drive is evaluated with low and high switching frequency operations. Phase voltage and DC‐bus utilization of a BLDC motor are evaluated using analytical methods and validated experimentally. The investigation provided in this work are significant for PWM selection and implementation for low and high switching frequency operations. Both low‐ and high‐frequency operations are performed by supplying the BLDC drive from a silicon carbide (SiC) based inverter. These PWM techniques are also compared, considering high and low‐speed applications. Experimental results of SiC inverter‐fed BLDC motor drive are provided to substantiate the proposed work.