bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pattern of urine iodine excretion with low iodine diet during preparation for radioactive iodine ablation in patients with thyroid cancer
Authors: Kang Sang‐Wook , Yap Zeng Z. , Lee Cho Rok , Lee Jandee , Jeong Jong Ju , Nam Kee‐Hyun , Yun Mi Jin , Lee Eun Jig , Chung Woong Youn , Park Cheong Soo 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe optimal period of low iodine diet during preparation for radioactive iodine (RAI) ablation in an area with iodine‐rich diet was investigated.MethodsNinety‐four patients with thyroid cancer who underwent low iodine diet and RAI were prospectively allocated into 2 groups—thyroxine withdrawal or using recombinant human thyroid stimulating hormone (rhTSH) for TSH stimulation. Their urinary iodine excretion (UIE) patterns were analyzed.ResultsThere was no clinicopathological difference between the 2 groups except for tumor size and lymph node status. The UIE (median iodine to creatinine ratio, I/Cr) in the withdrawal group on the 7th and 14th day were 18.3 and 17.9 μg/gCr, respectively, with adequate preparation rate of 93.3% on both days (cutoff value 100 μg/gCr). In the rhTSH group, the median I/Cr on the 7th and 14th day were 48.0 and 45.7 μg/gCr (adequate preparation rates 91.8% and 93.8%), respectively.ConclusionOne week of low iodine diet is sufficient preparation for RAI regardless of method of TSH stimulation.
Proton therapy for skull base tumors: A review of clinical outcomes for chordomas and chondrosarcomas
Authors: Mercado Catherine E. , Holtzman Adam L. , Rotondo Ronny , Rutenberg Michael S. , Mendenhall William M. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundSkull base chordomas and chondrosarcomas are rare tumors traditionally treated by surgical resection and adjuvant radiation therapy (RT). We will discuss data evaluating clinical outcomes of proton therapy in the treatment of skull base chordomas and chondrosarcomas.MethodsA literature review was performed using a MEDLINE search from January 1990 to January 2017.ResultsThe published data suggest that the dose intensification allowed by proton therapy has resulted in good clinical outcomes and a tolerable toxicity profile.ConclusionProton therapy is a modern RT technique that has demonstrated improved preliminary clinical outcomes in the treatment of skull base chordomas and chondrosarcomas compared to conventional radiotherapy, and comparable to other advanced photon‐based RT techniques.
Increased risk of postoperative complications after total thyroidectomy with Graves' disease
Authors: Kwon Hyungju , Kim Jong‐kyu , Lim Woosung , Moon Byung‐In , Paik Nam Sun 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe effect of Graves' disease on the risk of postoperative complications in patients undergoing total thyroidectomy is unclear.MethodsThe incidence of recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) injury and hypoparathyroidism were analyzed between 165 patients with Graves' disease (GD group) and 1:1 matched patients with euthyroid states (control group).ResultsThe matched cohorts did not differ in age, sex, body mass index, pathologic diagnosis, and extent of operation. Excised thyroid weight was higher in the Graves' disease than in the control group (60.1 g vs 22.6 g; P < .001). Multivariate analysis showed that Graves' disease significantly increased risks of transient RLN injury (odds ratio [OR] = 4.7, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.5‐15.5; P = .010) and transient hypoparathyroidism (OR = 2.8, 95% CI = 1.3‐5.8; P = .007). Rates of permanent complications were comparable in the Graves' disease and control groups.ConclusionsGraves' disease can be a predictive factor for postoperative RLN injury and hypoparathyroidism after total thyroidectomy.
Exploring the use of resources to support gender equality in Australian workplaces
Authors: Nally Taylor , Taket Ann , Graham Melissa 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIssue addressedNumerous resources exist to support workplaces to undertake gender equality work; however, it is often unclear which existing resources are being utilised by Australian workplaces. One group that can provide insight into the use of existing resources is the professionals who have undertaken gender equality work in their organisation.MethodsPurposive sampling was used to identify informants with experience undertaking gender equality work. A sample of 12 informants was recruited from five employment sectors: five informants from the women('s health sector; two from other organisations in the health sector; three from local government; and one each from manufacturing and education. One in‐depth semi‐structured interview was conducted with each informant. Interview transcripts were analysed using thematic analysis.ResultsFour themes emerged from data analysis: “Organisational Context,” “Legitimising Gender Equality Work,” “Demystifying Gender Equality” and “Embedding Gender Equality into the Workplace.” Mechanisms such as drawing on the evidence base, developing internal communications strategies, establishing a working group, undertaking training, conducting an audit, and reviewing policies and procedures were used to embed gender‐based considerations into the workplace. A range of resources to underpin most of these approaches was discussed by informants.ConclusionsInformants had a sound understanding of approaches they could use to address existing gender inequality; however, they did not always utilise existing resources to support them to undertake their chosen approach.So what?A clearer online database needs to be established to allow workplaces to access a compilation of existing resources and any evaluation on their use.
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura: A 5‐year tertiary care centre experience
Authors: Swart Léanne , Schapkaitz Elise , Mahlangu Johnny N. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIntroductionThrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is associated with high mortality if not managed timeously with therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE). TTP secondary to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is unique to sub‐Saharan Africa. The management and outcome of TTP in the era of improved access to therapy has not been described.MethodsThe present study describes the clinical presentation, treatment, therapeutic endpoints, and outcome of TTP patients at the Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital, South Africa. The inpatient and outpatient records of 41 consecutive adults with TTP were reviewed between 2012 and 2016. Patients were classified according to aetiology and treatment response.ResultsTTP was the initial presenting feature of HIV infection in 78.0%, and 12.5% were noncompliant with antiretroviral therapy (ART). Most study patients were of black ethnicity (95%) and female gender (78.1%). Treatment included initial TPE (87.8%), plasma infusion (78.1%), antiretroviral therapy (78.3%), corticosteroids (61.0%) intensive care admission (41.5%), renal dialysis (12.2%), and other immunosuppressive agents (4.9%). The median (range) number of TPEs was 10.0 (7.0‐15.0). A high rate of refractory disease (63.4%) was reported. Haemoglobin, platelet count, lactate dehydrogenase, red cell distribution width, and creatinine were reliable therapeutic end‐points (P < .05). The relapse rate was 9.8% and the mortality rate was 29.3%.ConclusionThe high mortality rate emphasises the importance of early diagnosis, referral, and appropriate management of TTP. Anti‐retroviral therapy and adherence monitoring are essential to TTP management associated with HIV. Future studies to identify patients at risk for refractory disease are indicated.
Literature review of apheresis procedures performed perioperatively in cardiac surgery for ASFA category indications
Authors: Kanellopoulou Theoni , Kostelidou Theodora 
Published: December 2018

BackgroundPerioperative therapeutic plasma exchange in patients with cardiovascular diseases poses several challenges, including alterations in intravascular volume, serum electrolytes, the coagulation cascade, and drug pharmacokinetics.MethodsThis review article summarizes different indications of plasma exchange for patients requiring cardiac surgery based on reported case reports and case series.ResultsThe most common reported indication is plasma exchange for the management of allosensitized cardiac transplant candidate patients in combination with immunosuppressive regimens, which increases the likelihood of obtaining a cross‐match‐negative allograft, improving post‐transplant clinical outcome. The second most common indication is for patients with a history of heparin‐induced thrombocytopenia syndrome that permits the use of heparin in cardiopulmonary bypass in an urgent cardiac surgery. Less common indications are restoration of clotting factors for patients with congenital bleeding disorders or removal of cold agglutinins. No severe complications were described in reported cases.ConclusionTherapeutic plasma exchange is an effective and safe procedure that could be performed preoperatively and intraoperatively in urgent cardiac surgery for the management of antibody‐mediated disorders including allosensitized cardiac transplant candidate patients or patients with heparin‐induced thrombocytopenia syndrome.
Exploring effects of childhood parentification on adult‐depressive symptoms in Korean college students
Authors: Cho AhRa , Lee SoYean 
Published: December 2018

AbstractObjectiveThis study explored parentification dimensions, the age of onset, duration, and family circumstances to better understand the characteristics of parentification and its impact on depressive symptoms among Korean college students.MethodA sample of South Korean college students (N = 316, aged 18–29 years, 66.1% female) rated their childhood parentification experiences and current depressive symptoms.ResultsOverall, there were few significant differences in parentification dimensions and depressive symptoms regarding family circumstances that contributed to parentification. Longer duration and earlier onset of parentification were significantly associated with higher depressive symptom scores in adulthood. However, only perceived unfairness was associated with depressive symptoms after controlling for the age of onset, duration, and other parentification dimensions.ConclusionsThese findings suggest the importance of examining situational contexts of parentification to better capture the effects of childhood parentification on depressive symptoms in adulthood.
Effects of inhibitors of the renin‐angiotensin system on reducing blood pressure and expression of inflammatory factors in CHD patients: A network meta‐analysis
Authors: Pang Xue‐Feng , Liu Run‐Mei , Xia Yun‐Feng 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe renin‐angiotensin system (RAS) is an ever‐evolving endocrine system with considerable checks and balances on the production and catabolism of angiotensin peptides most likely due to the manifold effects of angiotensins. We aimed to explore the effects of different inhibitors of RAS on blood pressure and expression of inflammatory factors in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). We initially searched PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane Library electronic databases with nine eligible randomized controlled trials enrolled. Direct and indirect evidence was combined to calculate the weighted mean difference value and draw surface under the cumulative ranking curves. The results demonstrated that, compared with placebo and enalapril, ramipril had a better effect on reducing systolic blood pressure after short‐term usage of drugs (<12 months), while perindopril had better effects on reducing diastolic blood pressure and C‐reactive protein expression. Furthermore, after long‐term usage of drugs (≥12 months), there was no significant difference among olmesartan, quinapril and candesartan in the treatment of patients with CHD. Perindopril and ramipril had better effects on inhibiting blood pressure and expression of inflammatory factors among eight inhibitors after short‐term usage of drugs (<12 months); while quinapril had better effects on reducing blood pressure and expression of inflammatory factor after long‐term usage of drugs, and there was little difference in the effects between olmesartan and candesartan (≥12 months). Perindopril may have better short‐term effects on reducing blood pressure and expression of inflammatory factor, while quinapril may have better long‐term effects on reducing blood pressure and expression of inflammatory factor.
Retracted: Downregulation of long noncoding RNA H19 rescues hippocampal neurons from apoptosis and oxidative stress by inhibiting IGF2 methylation in mice with streptozotocin‐induced diabetes mellitus
Authors: Yu Jin‐Lu , Li Chao , Che Li‐He , Zhao Yu‐Hao , Guo Yun‐Bao 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe diabetes mellitus (DM)‐induced reduction of neurogenesis in the hippocampus is consequently accompanied by cognitive decline. The present study set out to define the critical role played by long noncoding RNA H19 (lncRNA H19) in the apoptosis of hippocampal neurons, as well as oxidative stress (OS) in streptozotocin (STZ)‐induced DM mice through regulation of insulin‐like growth factor 2 (IGF2) methylation. The expression of lncRNA H19 in the hippocampal neurons and surviving neurons were detected. Hippocampal neurons were cultured and transfected with oe‐H19, sh‐H19, oe‐IGF2, or sh‐IGF2, followed by detection of the expressions of IGF2 and apoptosis‐related genes. Determination of the lipid peroxide and glutathione levels was conducted, while antioxidant enzyme activity was identified. The IGF2 methylation, the binding of lncRNA H19 to DNA methyltransferase, and the binding of lncRNA H19 to IGF2 promoter region were detected. DM mice exhibited high expressions of H19, as well as a decreased hippocampal neurons survival rate. Higher lncRNA H19 expression was found in DM. Upregulated lncRNA H19 significantly increased the expression of Bax and caspase‐3 but decreased that of Bcl‐2, thus promoting the apoptosis of hippocampal neuron. Besides, upregulation of lncRNA H19 induced OS. LncRNA H19 was observed to bind specifically to the IGF2 gene promoter region and promote IGF2 methylation by enriching DNA methyltransferase, thereby silencing IGF2 expression. Taken together, downregulated lncRNA H19 reduces IGF2 methylation and enhances its expression, thereby suppressing hippocampal neuron apoptosis and OS in STZ‐induced (DM) mice.
Retracted: IRAK3 gene silencing prevents cardiac rupture and ventricular remodeling through negative regulation of the NF‐κB signaling pathway in a mouse model of acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Ge Zhen‐Wei , Wang Bao‐Cai , Hu Jun‐Long , Sun Jun‐Jie , Wang Sheng , Chen Xian‐Jie , Meng Shu‐Ping , Liu Lin , Cheng Zhao‐Yun 
Published: December 2018

AbstractCardiac rupture and ventricular remodeling are recognized as the severe complications and major risk factors of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). This study aims to evaluate the regulatory roles of interleukin‐1 receptor‐associated kinase 3 (IRAK3) and nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) signaling pathway in cardiac rupture and ventricular remodeling. Microarray analysis was performed to screen AMI‐related differentially expressed genes and IRAK3 was identified. The models of AMI were established in male C57BL/6 mice to investigate the functional role of IRAK3. Afterwards, lentivirus recombinant plasmid si‐IRAK3 was constructed for IRAK3 silencing. Next, cardiac function parameters were measured in response to IRAK3 silencing. The regulatory effects that IRAK3 had on myocardial infarct size and the content of myocardial interstitial collagen were analyzed. The regulation of IRAK3 silencing on the NF‐κB signaling pathway was further assayed. The obtained results indicated that highly expressed IRAK3 and activated NF‐κB signaling pathway were observed in myocardial tissues of mouse models of AMI, accompanied by increased expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‐2/9 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2 (TIMP‐2). Notably, IRAK3 gene silencing inhibited the activation of NF‐κB signaling pathway. Furthermore, IRAK3 gene silencing led to the decreased thickness of infarct area and collagen content of myocardial interstitium, alleviated diastolic, and systolic dysfunctions, as well as, facilitated cardiac functions in mice with AMI, corresponding to decreased expression of MMP‐2/9 expression and increased expression of TIMP‐2. Taken together, silencing of IRAK3 inactivates the NF‐κB signaling pathway, and thereby impeding the cardiac rupture and ventricular remodeling, which eventually prevents AMI progression.
Long noncoding RNA ABHD11‐AS1 promote cells proliferation and invasion of colorectal cancer via regulating the miR‐1254‐WNT11 pathway
Authors: He Dedong , Yue Zhongyi , Liu Lingling , Fang Xiangjie , Chen Liping , Han Huanhuan 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe purpose of our study was to investigate the effects of the long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) ABHD11‐AS1 on colorectal cancer (CRC) progression and further explore its possible underlying mechanisms. In the study, we found that ABHD11‐AS1 was highly expressed in CRC tissues and cell lines. High ABHD11‐AS1 expression was correlated with poor overall survival of patients with CRC. ABHD11‐AS1 knockdown reduced CRC cell proliferation, in vitro invasion, and in vivo tumor growth. Investigation of the underlying mechanism showed that ABHD11‐AS1 could act as a molecular sponge of miR‐1254, and WNT11 was a downstream target of miR‐1254 in CRC. Moreover, there was a negative association between ABHD11‐AS1 expression (or WNT11) and miR‐1254 in CRC tissues. The rescue assays showed that WNT11 overexpression partially rescued the effects of ABHD11‐AS1 inhibition on CRC progression. Thus, we demonstrated that ABHD11‐AS1 promotes CRC progression through the miR‐1254‐WNT11 pathway, which provides a new insight into the therapeutic strategies for CRC.
microRNAs in cancer stem cells: Biology, pathways, and therapeutic opportunities
Authors: Asadzadeh Zahra , Mansoori Behzad , Mohammadi Ali , Aghajani Marjan , Haji‐Asgarzadeh Khalil , Safarzadeh Elham , Mokhtarzadeh Ahad , Duijf Pascal H. G. , Baradaran Behzad 
Published: December 2018

AbstractCancer stem cells (CSCs) are a small subpopulation of tumor cells that have been identified in most types of cancer. Features that distinguish them from the bulk of tumor cells include their pluripotency, self‐renewal capacity, low proliferation rate, and tumor‐initiating ability. CSCs are highly malignant, as they confer drug resistance and facilitate tumor progression, relapse, and metastasis. The molecular mechanisms underlying CSC biology are now beginning to be understood. In this context, microRNAs (miRNAs) occupy a prominent place. These endogenous, small noncoding RNA molecules control gene expression at the posttranscriptional level. This study reviews our current understanding of how the misexpression of tumor suppressor and oncogenic miRNAs in CSCs sustain their abundance and malignant properties. We discuss how they partly do so by acting on major CSC signaling pathways, including the Wnt, Notch, Hedgehog, and BMI‐1 pathways. Our current knowledge of miRNA functions in CSCs may now be used for cancer diagnostic and prognostic purposes. In addition, when combined with recent technical advances in the in vivo delivery of miRNAs, we are now in an excellent position to develop strategies that harness miRNA interference and replacement technologies for the therapeutic targeting of CSCs.
Role of the HIF‐1α/Nur77 axis in the regulation of the tyrosine hydroxylase expression by insulin in PC12 cells
Authors: Fiory Francesca , Mirra Paola , Nigro Cecilia , Pignalosa Francesca Chiara , Zatterale Federica , Ulianich Luca , Prevete Nella , Formisano Pietro , Beguinot Francesco , Miele Claudia 
Published: December 2018

AbstractTyrosine hydroxylase (TH), catalyzing the conversion of tyrosine into l‐DOPA, is the rate‐limiting enzyme in dopamine synthesis. Defects in insulin action contribute to alterations of TH expression and/or activity in the brain and insulin increases TH levels in 1‐methyl‐4‐phenylpyridinium (MPP+)‐treated neuronal cells. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of TH by insulin have not been elucidated yet. Using PC12 cells, we show for the first time that insulin increases TH expression in a biphasic manner, with a transient peak at 2 hr and a delayed response at 16 hr, which persists for up to 24 hr. The use of a dominant negative hypoxia‐inducible factor 1‐alpha (HIF‐1α) and its pharmacological inhibitor chetomin, together with chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) experiments for the specific binding to TH promoter, demonstrate the direct role of HIF‐1α in the early phase. Moreover, ChIP experiments and transfection of a dominant negative of the nerve growth factor IB (Nur77) indicate the involvement of Nur77 in the late phase insulin response, which is mediated by HIF‐1α. In conclusion, the present study shows that insulin regulates TH expression through HIF‐1α and Nur77 in PC12 cells, supporting the critical role of insulin signaling in maintaining an appropriate dopaminergic tone by regulating TH expression in the central nervous system.
Ca2+‐dependent and Ca2+‐independent somatic release from trigeminal neurons
Authors: Sforna Luigi , Franciolini Fabio , Catacuzzeno Luigi 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBesides the nerve endings, the soma of trigeminal neurons also respond to membrane depolarizations with the release of neurotransmitters and neuromodulators in the extracellular space within the ganglion, a process potentially important for the cross‐communication between neighboring sensory neurons. In this study, we addressed the dependence of somatic release on Ca2+ influx in trigeminal neurons and the involvement of the different types of voltage‐gated Ca2+ (Cav) channels in the process. Similar to the closely related dorsal root ganglion neurons, we found two kinetically distinct components of somatic release, a faster component stimulated by voltage but independent of the Ca2+ influx, and a slower component triggered by Ca2+ influx. The Ca2+‐dependent component was inhibited 80% by ω‐conotoxin‐MVIIC, an inhibitor of both N‐ and P/Q‐type Cav channels, and 55% by the P/Q‐type selective inhibitor ω‐agatoxin‐IVA. The selective L‐type Ca2+ channel inhibitor nimodipine was instead without effect. These results suggest a major involvement of N‐ and P/Q‐, but not L‐type Cav channels in the somatic release of trigeminal neurons. Thus antinociceptive Cav channel antagonists acting on the N‐ and P/Q‐type channels may exert their function by also modulating the somatic release and cross‐communication between sensory neurons.
Long noncoding RNA CASC9 promotes LIN7A expression via miR‐758‐3p to facilitate the malignancy of ovarian cancer
Authors: Hu Xiaowei , Li Yang , Kong Dan , Hu Longhu , Liu Donghui , Wu Jin 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe long noncoding RNA cancer susceptibility 9 (CASC9) has been reported to be a pivot modulator in growth and metastasis of breast cancer, liver cancer, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, lung adenocarcinoma, gastric cancer, and nasopharyngeal cancer. However, its potential roles in ovarian cancer remain unclear. In this study, we aimed at its functions and molecular mechanism in ovarian cancer progression. We showed that CASC9 was highly expressed in ovarian cancer tissues and cell lines. An elevated level of CASC9 predicts an unfavorable prognosis in patients with ovarian cancer. Loss‐of‐function and gain‐of‐function assays illustrated that CASC9 promotes ovarian cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro, and accelerates tumor growth in vivo. We showed that CASC9 works as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) for miR‐758‐3p which targets LIN7A. CASC9 inhibits the level of miR‐758‐3p, and in turn stimulates LIN7A expression in ovarian cancer. Overexpression of LIN7A reverses the suppressive roles of CASC9 depletion on ovarian cancer. In sum, our findings reveal a novel undefined regulatory signaling pathway, namely CASC9/miR‐758‐3p/LIN7A axis, involved in ovarian cancer progression.