bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metabolomics analysis reveals resembling metabolites between humanized γδ TCR mice and human plasma
Authors: Michael Husheem , Weng Gene W. , Vallas Mikaela M. , Lovos Douglas , Chen Ellen , Sheiffele Paul , Weng Wei 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Gamma delta (γδ) T cells, which reside in mucosal and epithelial tissues, are integral to immune responses and are involved in various cancers, autoimmune, and infectious diseases. To study human γδ T cells to a translational level, we developed γδ humanized TCR-T1 (HuTCR-T1) mice using our TruHumanization platform. We compared the metabolomic profiles from plasma samples of wild-type (WT), γδ HuTCR-T1 mice, and humans using UHPLC-MS/MS. Untargeted metabolomics and lipidomics were used to screen all detectable metabolites. Principal component analysis revealed that the metabolomic profiles of γδ HuTCR-T1 mice closely resemble those of humans, with a clear segregation of metabolites between γδ HuTCR-T1 and WT mice. Most humanized γδ metabolites were classified as lipids, followed by organic compounds and amino acids. Pathway analysis identified significant alterations in the metabolism of tryptophan, tyrosine, sphingolipids, and glycerophospholipids, shifting these pathways towards a more human-like profile. Immunophenotyping showed that γδ HuTCR-T1 mice maintained normal proportions of both lymphoid and myeloid immune cell populations, closely resembling WT mice, with only a few exceptions. These findings demonstrate that the γδ HuTCR-T1 mouse model exhibits a metabolomic profile that is remarkably similar to that of humans, highlighting its potential as a relevant model for investigating the role of metabolites in disease development and progression. This model also offers an opportunity to discover therapeutic human TCRs.
Prognostic impact of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in HER2+ metastatic breast cancer receiving first-line treatment
Authors: Salimbeni Beatrice Taurelli , Giudici Fabiola , Pescia Carlo , Giachetti Pier Paolo Berton , Scafetta Roberta , Zagami Paola , Marra Antonio , Trapani Dario , Esposito Angela , Scagnoli Simone , Cerbelli Bruna , Botticelli Andrea , Munzone Elisabetta , Fusco Nicola , Criscitiello Carmen , Curigliano Giuseppe 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Breast cancer (BC) is a leading cause of death among women, with approximately 30% HER2-positive (HER2+). Although HER2-targeted therapies have improved outcomes for patients with HER2+ metastatic breast cancer (mBC), significant clinical challenges and prognostic variability remain. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) have emerged as prognostic and predictive biomarkers in various tumors, including BC, but their role in HER2+ mBC is poorly understood.
This multicentric retrospective cohort study evaluated the prognostic significance of TILs in 110 patients with HER2+ mBC treated with pertuzumab, trastuzumab, and taxane-based chemotherapy at two Italian institutes from June 2013 to May 2024.TILs were assessed on metastatic or primary tumor samples.
High TILs levels (> 5%) were independently associated with longer PFS and OS. TILs levels were higher in primary tumours than in metastases (p=0.009), with significant variation by metastatic site. These findings underscore the potential of TILs as prognostic biomarkers in HER2+ mBC, necessitating further prospective studies.
Analysis of Transient Heat Transfer in Geothermal Engineering: Effect of Seasonal Fluctuations in ATES Systems
Authors: Mohammadi Shahab , Brenner Gunther 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

We present analytical solutions of the transient heat transfer due to conduction in a planar and a cylindrical domain, representing simplified models for geothermal systems with or without seasonal periodic heat storage/extraction. The present analysis allows us to discuss the heat flux and the temperature distribution around a wellbore during a transient start-up phase and after reaching a quasi-steady state.Based on a suitable scaling, a thermal penetration length is derived for both, steady heat extraction and seasonal periodic heat storage/extraction. The influence of the completion properties and operation conditions on the heat transfer is examined. Using the present analytical data, numerical computational methods may be verified which is demonstrated for results obtained using a finite difference scheme. The present analytical method can be used to integrate a thermal borehole model into a numerical reservoir model.
Endurance Exercise Training Alters Lipidomic Profiles of Plasma and Eight Tissues in Rats: a MoTrPAC study
Authors: Ortlund Eric , Hou Zhenxin , Chen Chih-Yu , Gaul David , Zhang Tiantian , Moore Samuel , Liu Xueyun , Ivanova Anna , Maner-Smith Kristal , Newgard Christopher , Bodine Sue , Savage Evan , Bennett Alexis , Fernandez Facundo 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Endurance exercise training (ExT) induces metabolic, structural, and functional adaptations via lipidomic modifications, yet the systematic elucidation of lipidome alterations in response to ExT remains incomplete. As a part of the Molecular Transducers of Physical Activity Consortium (MoTrPAC), we leveraged non-targeted and targeted lipidomics for the systematic discovery of lipid alterations in the brown adipose tissue, heart, hippocampus, kidney, liver, lung, skeletal muscle gastrocnemius, subcutaneous white adipose tissue, and plasma in response to 1, 2, 4 or 8 weeks of ExT in 6-month-old male and female Fischer-344 rats. This study demonstrates that these tissues, each with distinct lipidomic features, underwent dynamic, sexually dimorphic lipid remodeling. Exercise trained animals showed reduced whole-body adiposity and improved cardiorespiratory fitness, along with enhanced utilization of lipid stores and dynamic triacylglycerol remodeling compared to sedentary controls in all tissues except hippocampus. They also showed modifications in phospholipids, lysophospholipids, oxylipins, and ceramides in several tissues. Coordinated changes across tissues reflect systemic tissue communication, with liver-plasma-heart connection potentially playing a key role in systemic lipid metabolism during ExT. These data will improve our understanding of lipid-associated biological processes underlying the health-promoting benefits of ExT.
Optimizing Nutrient Management for Kodo millet (Paspalum scrobiculatum L.) in the Alfisols of Southern India through Modeling Soil, Plant, and Fertilizer Interactions
Authors: Rangaiah Krishna Murthy , Nagaraju Bhavya , Kasturappa Govinda , Kadappa Basavaraja Pujari , Narayanaswamy Uday Kumar Sugaturu , Sab Mohamed Saqeebulla Hussain , Veerabadraiah Gangamrutha Godekere , Srivast Sanjay , Dey Pradip 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Achieving an optimal balance of nutrients is crucial for sustainable agriculture. In this context, soil test crop response (STCR) experiments on kodo millet were conducted from 2020–2022 to assess relationships between yield, soil, plant, and fertilizer nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) and calibrate optimum fertilizer doses for attaining yield targets. The Basic parameters, i.e., nutrient requirements, contributions of nutrients from fertilizers, soil, and organic manure were derived. The NPK nutrients required to produce one kg of grain yield were 0.049, 0.0047 and 0.035 kg, respectively, under the STCR NPK alone and 0.050, 0.0046 and 0.037 kg, respectively, under the STCR NPK + FYM approach. The STCR NPK + FYM approach for the targeted yield of 1700 kg ha–1 resulted in a higher grain yield (1710 kg ha–1), which was significantly greater than the general recommended dose and soil fertility rating approach. The developed STCR equations are valid, as the percent deviation of the grain yield from the targeted yield was within ± 10%. The implementation of the STCR approach not only surpassed the effects of the other fertilizer recommendation approaches in terms of grain yield but also increased NPK uptake, nutrient use efficiency and economic returns.
A novel SVD-UKFNN algorithm for predicting current efficiency of aluminum electrolysis
Authors: Fang Xiaoyan , Fei Xihong , Wang Kang , Fang Tian , Chen Rui 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The optimal control of the aluminum electrolysis production process (AEFP) presents an enduring challenge in industrial operations, largely due to its inherent dynamic nonlinearity, multivariable complexity, and susceptibility to significant disturbances. These factors hinder the development of precise predictive models for dynamic current efficiency. To address these problems, this article proposes a novel singular value decomposition unscented Kalman filtering neural network (NSVD-UKFNN) to improve the predictive accuracy of current efficiency in aluminum electrolysis. The approach begins by constructing a dynamic prediction model within the UKFNN framework, utilizing artificial neural networks (ANNs) to capture complex system behaviors. Singular value decomposition (SVD) is then incorporated into the unscented Kalman filtering neural network (UKFNN) architecture to compute the prior matrix square root, thereby enhancing model stability. Finally, the state variable prediction variance is reformulated as an objective function and optimized through gradient descent, effectively reducing error accumulation during computations. Comparative experimental results demonstrate that the proposed SVD-UKFNN significantly outperforms several related frameworks in predicting current efficiency, showcasing its potential for broader industrial applications.
Spillover Effect of Workplace Politics on Work-Family Conflict: A Mediated Moderating Model
Authors: Sankar Jayendira P 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Workplace politics are a crucial source of stress that negatively impacts employees and spills in the family. This study focused on understanding the spillover effect of workplace politics on work-family conflict through psychological distress as a mediator and work engagement as a moderator. Also, the study utilized work-home resources models to define the conceptual model. In addition, a quantitative cross-sectional study design has been used to collect the data from 426 respondents from full-time employees of IT-BPM companies. The partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) was used to test the hypotheses. The results indicate that workplace politics is positively related to work-family conflict, and psychological distress is a significant positive mediation between workplace politics and work-family conflict. Moreover, work engagement satisfies the mediating effect of psychological distress on the relationship between workplace politics and work-family conflict.
Relationship between oral acid/burning sensation and gastroesophageal reflux -A prospective, single-centre cohort study
Authors: Liu Cong , Jin Hong , Wang Bin , Li Shujin , Ru Shiwei , Liu Xuechai , Zhang Jinfeng , Zhang Lili , zhao Wei 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Aims: Oral acid/burning sensation is common but the mechanism is not elucidated. The aim of the study is to investigate the relationship between oral acid/burning sensation and gastroesophageal reflux.
Methods: From May to June 2023, 116 patients were enrolled consecutively at the endoscopy center of Tianjin Medical University. 20 patients with oral acid/burning sensation (symptom group) and 96 patients without oral acid/burning sensation (control group) underwent symptom questionnaire survey, salivary pepsin detection and electronic gastroscopy. The positive rate of salivary pepsin test, incidence of gastroesophageal reflux disease, occurrence of reflux esophagitis under gastroscopy, and scores of anxiety and depression were compared between the two groups.
Results: The positive rate of salivary pepsin test in the symptom group was significantly higher than that in the control group (80% vs. 41.67%, P<0.05). The GERD Q score in the symptom group was also significantly higher than that in the control group (11(6~12) vs. 6(6~6), P<0.001). The incidence of GERD in the symptom group (60%) was slightly higher than that in the control group (37.5%), but there was no statistically significant difference. The incidence of oral acid/burning sensation in the non-elderly group was 23.8% (20/84), which was significantly higher than that in the elderly group (0% (0/56), P<0.05). The positive rate of salivary pepsin in the non-elderly group was significantly higher than that in the control group (80.0% vs. 50%, P=0.019). The degree of anxiety and depression in the symptom group was higher than that in the control group (GAD 7 score 5.40±4.39 vs. 2.06±2.59, P=0.001: PHQ 9 score 6.10±4.32 vs. 1.81±1.79, P<0.001).
Conclusion: The occurrence of acid/burning sensation in the mouth may be related to both gastroesophageal reflux, anxiety and depression.
A novel nomogram for estimating a high-risk result in the EndoPredict® test for estrogen receptor-positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative breast carcinoma.
Authors: Macarrón Víctor , Losantos-García Itsaso , Peláez-García Alberto , Yébenes Laura , Berjón Alberto , Frías Laura , Zamora Pilar , Sánchez-Méndez José Ignacio , Hardisson David 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background The EndoPredict® assay has been widely used in recent years to estimate the risk of distant recurrence and the absolute chemotherapy benefit for patients with estrogen (ER)-positive/ human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative breast cancer. However, there are no well-defined criteria for selecting patients who may benefit from the test. The aim of this study was to develop a novel nomogram to estimate the probability of obtaining a high-risk EndoPredict® result in clinical practice.
Methods The study cohort comprises 348 cases of T1-3/N0-1a/M0 ER-positive/HER2-negative breast carcinoma. A multivariate analysis was conducted using a training cohort (n=270) based on clinicopathological features that demonstrated a statistically significant correlation with the EndoPredict® result in a univariate analysis. The predictive model was subsequently represented as a nomogram to estimate the probability of obtaining a high-risk result in the EndoPredict® assay. The predictive model was then validated using a separate validation cohort (n=78).
Results The clinicopathological features incorporated into the nomogram included tumor size, tumor grade, sentinel lymph node status, pN stage, and Ki67. The internal validation of the model yielded an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.803 (95% CI = 0.751, 0.855) in the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for the training cohort, with an optimal sensitivity and specificity at a threshold of 0.536. The external validation yielded an AUC of 0.789 (95% CI = 0.689, 0.890) in its ROC curve, with optimal sensitivity and specificity achieved at a threshold of 0.393.
Conclusions This study presents, for the first time, the development of a clinically accessible nomogram designed to estimate the probability of obtaining a high-risk result in the EndoPredict® assay. The use of easily available clinicopathological features allows for the optimization of patient selection for the EndoPredict® assay, ensuring that those who would most benefit from undergoing the test are identified.
Seismicity clustering and source mechanism of deep-moderate earthquake in the Weeber Deep, South Molucca
Authors: Simanjuntak Andrean V H , Ansari Kutubuddin , Walo Janusz , Mase Lindung Z , Lubis Muhammad Z 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The earthquake Mw 7.6 occurred on January 15, 2023, in the Tanimbar region, the southeastern part of Molucca, Indonesia, and generated a wide ground shaking around IV-VI MMI following several damages and early warning of the tsunami. The hypocenter was located deeper than the common slab contour, which may direct another blind tectonic system called intraslab. Here, we did a joint analysis by correlating the waveform inversion with hypocenter clustering to identify the responsible system and determine the current seismicity pattern. The final parameters for all earthquakes have an adequate uncertainty with lower than 3° and an average misfit < 0.5. The earthquake mechanism was resolved with NW–SE orientated in the thrust faulting mechanism which has an estimated moment magnitude Mw of 7.72 ± 0.02 and a depth of 108 ± 3 km. The solution mechanism comprises two planes of focal parameters i.e., 1st nodal plane has a strike of 102°, dip of 46° and rake of 61°, and the 2nd nodal plane has a strike of 320°, dip of 50° and rake of -116°. The centroid position was shifted 27 km to the south and 36 km to the north. The power spectral density shows a converged solution with uncertainty ± 3 km that can provide a better solution. The deviatoric percentage shows the dominant double-couple (DC) component with 93% while the Compensated Linear Vector Dipole (CLVD) is 7%. The study outcomes point out that the hidden intraslab beneath the collision between the Eurasian and the Australian plates will provide new insight and support to the recent tectonic system in the East Indonesia region. We utilized the nearest-neighborhood distance method for the seismicity measurements using a logarithmic scale (log10η) within the domain of space-time-depth-magnitude (STDM). The analysis revealed a clear relationship between these factors, indicating that seismic activity in the Tanimbar region follows a prominently unimodal pattern. This suggests a single kind of statistically dispersed earthquake in the area.
Precision Analysis and Prediction of Position-Dependent Structural Natural Frequencies in Five-Axis Cradle Machine Tools
Authors: Chan Tzu-Chi , Ullah Aman , Roy Badenta 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

This study investigates the dynamic behaviour of machine tool structures, focusing on the impact of structural changes on natural frequencies and machining performance. Variations in machine tool dynamics, such as natural frequency shifts, significantly affect tool stability and machining quality, particularly in high-performance cutting. Numerical model predicting natural frequency changes due to structural modifications was developed and validated experimentally. The model indicates that structural changes lead to variations in the different position values, which influence the natural frequency of the tool. In parallel, this research explores the structural integrity of 5-axis CNC machining centers, vital for advanced manufacturing. FEA program is used to establish natural frequencies and mode shapes, while experimental modal analysis (EMA) validated these results, with discrepancies of around 10%. A detailed spatial analysis revealed significant variations in deformation and natural frequency across different spindle positions, influencing rigidity and machining accuracy, especially for larger work pieces. The findings provide insights for optimizing machine tool design, enhancing performance, and paving the way for future research in improving structural integrity for advanced manufacturing systems.
Genetic diversity and population structure analysis of carob germplasm from Lebanon, Morocco and Spain: uncovering a potential asset for innovative breeding initiatives
Authors: Chami Mohamad Ali El , Palacios-Rodríguez Guillermo , Navarro-Cerrillo Rafael Mª , Chalak Lamis , Rey María-Dolores 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Carob tree (Ceratonia siliqua L.) is a drought-resistant species endemic to the Mediterranean Basin. It has been cultivated for its highly nutritious edible fruit for centuries. Genetic diversity is considered one of the key requirements for the management and use of plant genetic resources. In this work, we evaluated the genetic diversity and population structure of 169 semi-natural carob individuals from Lebanon, Spain and Morocco based on nine EST-SSR (Expressed Sequence Tags-Simple Sequence Repeat) markers. The eight EST-SSR loci that were polymorphic produced 43 alleles, with Cesi_187 and Cesi_1187 being the most informative loci. The AMOVA and SAMOVA results revealed that most (> 80%) of the genetic variation was within populations, with the remaining < 20% corresponding to among population variability. STRUCTURE analysis suggested the presence of three clusters corresponding to each country; however, some individuals from Morocco and Spain shared the same genetic structure. The PCoA and discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC) complemented the STRUCTURE results, contributing to a better understanding of the genetic differences among countries. Our findings may enhance the effectiveness of management and conservation strategies, and promote the use of these carob genetic resources in breeding and reforestation programs.
Genetic characteristics of endemic Prunus tomentosa in China based on microsatellites
Authors: Wan Tian , Zhou Jing , Yin Xin , An Feng , Qiao Bai-xue , Yan Zhuo-yang , Li Bao-yan , Zhou Tian-hua , Cai Yu-liang 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Prunus tomentosa Thunb. is a fruit tree native to China and has a wide natural distribution range. The germplasm resources are found in the six geographical regions of China and comprises a variety of ecological types. However, little is known about genetic diversity and population structure, with its abundant genetic information. nuclear simple sequence repeat markers, with biparentally inherited characteristics, is powerful for evaluating the genetic diversity of population. And P. tomentosa is an important and excellent plant material, with high adaptability to almost all soil types and climatic conditions. So the research contributed to not only proposing scientific conservation strategies of P. tomentosa but also developing P. tomentosa germplasm to breed novel cherry cultivar.
Results
A total of 822 germplasms from 40 populations were used for assessing the genetic diversity and population structure of P. tomentosa. The indicators of genetic diversity showed high values, including observable heterozygosity (0.546), expected heterozygosity (0.819), Shannon’s information index (I = 1.951), polymorphism information content (0.799). The populations displaying the greatest diversity—Gan-XlM, Shaan-HM, and Gan-ZhC. In addition, extensive genetic differentiation was detected. The genetic differentiation coefficient (FST) values calculated from heterozygosity and analysis of molecular variance were greater than 0.15. Gene flow was relatively stable (number of migrants [Nm] = 1.065). Mantel test analysis showed that there was a significant correlation (R2 = 0.065, P < 0.05) between the genetic distance and the geographical distance of the populations. Integrated cluster, structure, and principal component analysis indicated that the 40 populations were clustered into a Northwest Group and a Northeast Group. However, the Chuan-Aba, Xin-TKS, and Xin-ALR populations were clearly differentiated.
Conclusions
The P. tomentosa populations showed high or moderate polymorphism. The genetic differentiation within each population was higher than that between populations. There was a significant correlation between the genetic distance and the geographical distance. Based on genetic diversity and population differentiation levers, the most diverse populations - Gan-XlM, Shaan-HS, and Gan-PL from Gansu and Shaanxi provinces, should first be protected and applied to the innovation of cherry germplasm, followed by significantly differentiated populations, including Chuan-Aba, Ning-HlM, and Gan-PL.