bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
83 Catatonia in a 17-year-old Male Patient with Bipolar Disorder, a Case Study
Authors: Jahan Sultana 
Published: March 2019

AbstractStudy Objective(s)Catatonia is not only present in adults; children & adolescents can suffer from catatonia but are often misdiagnosed. A study by Ghaziuddin, Dhossche and Marcotte (2012) found that 18 of the 101 child and adolescent patients had symptoms of catatonia, but only 2 actually had been given a diagnosis by their providers.Method17-year-old male who was recently discharged from the inpatient psychiatric unit with the diagnosis of Major Depressive Disorder. His discharge medication was bupropion XL 150mg daily. Within 10 days of his discharge, he was back to the emergency room with worsening anxiety and manic symptoms. At the emergency room, patient’s sister reported that he was acting differently within the last 3–4 days, and making statements that he can save the world that everyone was talking about him. He was also speaking faster than usual, having decreased need for sleep. He reported hearing voices, seeing things. Patient was admitted again, and was given diagnosis of Bipolar Mood Disorder, type I, manic phase, with psychosis. He was started on divalproex 500mg bid for mood stabilization. His Bupropion was discontinued. Gradually his Divalproex was increased to 750mg bid. During his hospital stay he developed lack of spontaneous speech, sluggish responses to questions with automatic answers such as “I don’t know”. He also developed very sluggish motor movements. There was negativism. He needed one on one support for his daily activities of living, needed step by step instructions for all ADLs.All the test results were negative including EEG, MRI and CT scan of the brain. Bush Francis catatonia rating scale was done and he scored 15. Lorazepam Challenge Test was performed, and the scale was repeated after the patient was given an IM dose of 2mg of Lorazepam, and he scored 2. At this point catatonia diagnosis was confirmed. He was started on scheduled doses of Lorazepam, gradually his Lorazepam dose was increased up to 9mg per day. His catatonia responded to Lorazepam treatment.Results17 year old male who initially hospitalized for symptoms of MDD and discharged with antidepressant, came back to the ER within 10 day with symptoms of mania with psychosis. During in-patient’s 2nd in-patient stay he developed catatonia, which was promptly diagnosed and appropriately treated with Lorazepam.ConclusionsCatatonia can happen in children & adolescents with mood disorders, or with other psychiatric or medical conditions. Timely diagnosis and treatment is very crucial to avoid poor outcome, especially because treatment options for catatonia are well understood; Benzodiazepines, electroconvulsive therapy and reduction or discontinuation of antipsychotics are successful in the treatment of catatonia (Ghaziuddin, Dhossche and Marcotte, 2012).
Association between gestational weight gain and exclusive breast-feeding for the first 6 months postpartum in Chinese women
Authors: Tong Mingkun , Jin Lei , Liu Jianmeng , Li Zhiwen , Li Hongtian , Zhang Le , Ye Rongwei , Ren Aiguo 
Published: March 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe association between gestational weight gain (GWG) and exclusive breast-feeding (EBF) practices remains unclear. The present study evaluated the association between GWG and EBF in the first 6 months postpartum among primiparas in rural China.DesignThe study population was drawn from a previous randomized controlled trial, and the relevant data were obtained from an electronic, population-based perinatal system and a monitoring system for child health care. GWG was categorized according to the guidelines of the Institute of Medicine.SettingFive rural counties in Hebei Province, China.ParticipantsA total of 8449 primiparas.ResultsOf the women, 58·7 % breast-fed exclusively for the first 6 months postpartum. Overweight women who gained either more or less weight than the recommended GWG tended to experience failure of EBF (OR=0·49; 95 % CI 0·34, 0·70; P<0·001 and OR=0·79; 95 % CI 0·63, 0·99; P=0·048, respectively). The same results were also observed among obese women; the OR for lower and greater weight gain were 0·28 (95 % CI 0·08, 0·94; P=0·04) and 0·55 (95 % CI 0·32, 0·95; P=0·03), respectively.ConclusionsGWG that is below or above the Institute of Medicine recommendations is associated with EBF behaviour for the first 6 months postpartum in overweight and obese primiparas in rural China.
LINEAR SYSTEMS ON IRREGULAR VARIETIES
Authors: Barja Miguel Ángel , Pardini Rita , Stoppino Lidia 
Published: March 2019

Let$X$be a normal complex projective variety,$T\subseteq X$a subvariety of dimension$m$(possibly$T=X$) and$a:X\rightarrow A$a morphism to an abelian variety such that$\text{Pic}^{0}(A)$injects into$\text{Pic}^{0}(T)$; let$L$be a line bundle on$X$and$\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FC}\in \text{Pic}^{0}(A)$a general element.We introduce two new ingredients for the study of linear systems on$X$. First of all, we show the existence of a factorization of the map$a$, called theeventual map of $L$ on $T$, which controls the behavior of the linear systems$|L\otimes \unicode[STIX]{x1D6FC}|_{|T}$, asymptotically with respect to the pullbacks to the connected étale covers$X^{(d)}\rightarrow X$induced by the$d$-th multiplication map of$A$.Second, we define the so-calledcontinuous rank function$x\mapsto h_{a}^{0}(X_{|T},L+xM)$, where$M$is the pullback of an ample divisor of$A$. This function extends to a continuous function of$x\in \mathbb{R}$, which is differentiable except possibly at countably many points; when$X=T$we compute the left derivative explicitly.As an application, we give quick short proofs of a wide range of newClifford–Severi inequalities, i.e., geographical bounds of the form$$\begin{eqnarray}\displaystyle \text{vol}_{X|T}(L)\geqslant C(m)h_{a}^{0}(X_{|T},L), & & \displaystyle \nonumber\end{eqnarray}$$where$C(m)={\mathcal{O}}(m!)$depends on several geometrical properties of$X$,$L$or$a$.
Observations of Continuous Quasiperiodic Auroral Pulsations on Saturn in High Time‐Resolution UV Auroral Imagery
Authors: Bader A. , Badman S. V. , Yao Z. H. , Kinrade J. , Pryor W. R. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractSaturn's aurora represents the ionospheric response to plasma processes occurring in the planet's entire magnetosphere. Short‐lived ∼1‐hr quasiperiodic high‐energy electron injections, frequently observed in in situ particle and radio measurements, should therefore entail an associated flashing auroral signature. This study uses high time‐resolution ultraviolet (UV) auroral imagery from the Cassini spacecraft to demonstrate the continuous occurrence of such flashes in Saturn's northern hemisphere and investigate their properties. We find that their recurrence periods of order 1 hr and preferential occurrence near dusk match well with previous observations of electron injections and related auroral hiss features. A large spread in UV auroral emission power, reaching more than 50% of the total auroral power, is observed independent of the flash locations. Based on an event observed both by the Hubble Space Telescope and the Cassini spacecraft, we propose that these auroral flashes are not associated with low‐frequency waves and instead directly caused by recurrent small‐scale magnetodisc reconnection on closed field lines. We suggest that such reconnection processes accelerate plasma planetward of the reconnection site toward the ionosphere inducing transient auroral spots while the magnetic field rapidly changes from a bent‐back to a more dipolar configuration. This manifests as a sawtooth‐shaped discontinuity observed in magnetic field data and indicates a release of magnetospheric energy through plasmoid release.
Frequency‐Bessel Transform Method for Effective Imaging of Higher‐Mode Rayleigh Dispersion Curves From Ambient Seismic Noise Data
Authors: Wang Jiannan , Wu Gaoxiong , Chen Xiaofei 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIt has been widely recognized that the cross‐correlation function of ambient seismic noise data recorded at two stations approximates to the part of Greens function between two stations. Therefore, the cross‐correlation function should include higher modes, aside from the fundamental mode. However, the problem of measuring or extracting overtones from ambient seismic noise data remains. In this paper, we propose the frequency‐Bessel transform method (F‐J method) for extracting the dispersion curves of higher modes from ambient seismic noise data. We then assess the validity, accuracy, and applicability of the F‐J method by conducting extensive numerical simulations and processing the observed ambient seismic noise data of the USArray. As demonstrated in this study, the F‐J method is a convenient, practical, and accurate method for extracting the dispersion curves of multimodes from ambient seismic noise data and therefore has significant potentiality in the field of ambient seismic noise tomography.
Critical Role of Continental Slopes in Halocline and Eddy Dynamics of the Ekman‐Driven Beaufort Gyre
Authors: Manucharyan G. E. , Isachsen P. E. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe Beaufort Gyre (BG) is a large‐scale bathymetrically constrained circulation driven by a surface Ekman convergence that creates a bowl‐shaped halocline and stores a significant portion of the Arctic Ocean's freshwater. Theoretical studies suggest that in the gyre interior, the halocline is equilibrated by a balance between Ekman pumping and counteracting mesoscale eddy transport energized by baroclinic instability. However, the strongest anticyclonic flows occur over steep continental slopes, and, despite bathymetric slopes being known to influence baroclinic instability, their large‐scale impacts on BG halocline remain unexplored. Here we use an idealized eddy‐resolving BG model to demonstrate that the existence of continental slopes dramatically affects key gyre characteristics leading to deeper halocline, stronger anticyclonic circulation, and prolonged equilibration. Over continental slopes, the magnitude of the Eulerian mean circulation is dramatically reduced due to the Ekman overturning being compensated by the eddy momentum‐driven overturning. The eddy thickness flux overturning associated with lateral salt transport is also weakened over the slopes, indicating a reduction of eddy thickness diffusivity despite the isopycnal slopes being largest there. Using a theoretical halocline model, we demonstrate that it is the localized reduction in eddy diffusivity over continental slopes that is critical in explaining the halocline deepening and prolonged equilibration time. Our results emphasize the need for observational studies of eddy overturning dynamics over continental slopes and the development of slope‐aware mesoscale eddy parameterizations for low‐resolution climate models.
Recovering Land Surface Temperature Under Cloudy Skies Considering the Solar‐Cloud‐Satellite Geometry: Application to MODIS and Landsat‐8 Data
Authors: Wang Tianxing , Shi Jiancheng , Ma Ya , Husi Letu , Comyn‐Platt Edward , Ji Dabin , Zhao Tianjie , Xiong Chuan 
Published: March 2019

AbstractClouds play a significant role in the derivation of land surface temperature (LST) from optical remote sensing. The estimation of LST under cloudy sky conditions has been a great challenge for the community for a long time. In this study, a scheme for recovering the LST under cloudy skies is proposed by accounting for the solar‐cloud‐satellite geometry effect, through which the LSTs of shadowed and illuminated pixels covered by clouds in the image are estimated. The validation shows that the new scheme can work well and has reasonable LST accuracy with a root mean square error < 4.9 K and bias < 3.5 K. The application of the new method to the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and Landsat‐8 data reveals that the LSTs under cloud layers can be reasonably recovered and that the fraction of valid LSTs in an image can be correspondingly improved. The method is not data specific; instead, it can be used in any optical remote sensing images as long as the proper input variables are provided. As an alternative approach to derive cloudy sky LSTs based only on optical remote sensing data, it gives some new ideas to the remote sensing community, especially in the fields of surface energy balance.
Impact Dynamics of Moons Within a Planetary Potential
Authors: Rufu R. , Aharonson O. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractCurrent lunar origin scenarios suggest that Earth's Moon may have resulted from the merger of two (or more) smaller moonlets. Dynamical studies of multiple moons find that these satellite systems are not stable, resulting in moonlet collision or loss of one or more of the moonlets. We perform Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamic (SPH) impact simulations of two orbiting moonlets inside the planetary gravitational potential and find that the classical outcome of two bodies impacting in free space is altered as erosive mass loss is more significant with decreasing distance to the planet. Depending on the conditions of accretion, each moonlet could have a distinct isotopic signature; therefore, we assess the initial mixing during their merger, in order to estimate whether future measurements of surface variations could distinguish between lunar origin scenarios (single vs. multiple moonlets). We find that for comparable‐size impacting bodies in the accretionary regime, surface mixing is efficient, but in the hit‐and‐run regime, only small amount of material is transferred between the bodies. However, sequences of hit‐and‐run impacts are expected, which will enhance the surface mixing. Overall, our results show that large‐scale heterogeneities can arise only from the merger of drastically different component masses. Surfaces of moons resulting from merger of comparable‐sized components have little material heterogeneities, and such impacts are preferred, as the relatively massive impactor generates more melt, extending the lunar magma ocean phase.
Maximizing Simulated Tropical Cyclone Intensity With Action Minimization
Authors: Plotkin David A. , Webber Robert J. , O'Neill Morgan E , Weare Jonathan , Abbot Dorian S. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractDirect computer simulation of intense tropical cyclones (TCs) in weather models is limited by computational expense. Intense TCs are rare and have small‐scale structures, making it difficult to produce large ensembles of storms at high resolution. Further, models often fail to capture the process of rapid intensification, which is a distinguishing feature of many intense TCs. Understanding rapid intensification is especially important in the context of global warming, which may increase the frequency of intense TCs. To better leverage computational resources for the study of rapid intensification, we introduce an action minimization algorithm applied to the Weather Research and Forecasting and WRFPLUS models. Action minimization nudges the model into forming more intense TCs than it otherwise would; it does so via the maximum likelihood path in a stochastic formulation of the model, thereby allowing targeted study of intensification mechanisms. We apply action minimization to simulations of Hurricanes Danny (2015) and Fred (2009) at 6‐km resolution to demonstrate that the algorithm consistently intensifies TCs via physically plausible pathways. We show an approximately tenfold computational savings using action minimization to study the tail of the TC intensification distribution. Further, for Hurricanes Danny and Fred, action minimization produces perturbations that preferentially reduce low‐level shear as compared to upper‐level shear, at least above a threshold of approximately 4 m/s. We also demonstrate that asymmetric, time‐dependent patterns of heating can cause significant TC intensification beyond symmetric, azimuthally averaged heating and find a regime of nonlinear response to asymmetric heating that has not been extensively studied in previous work.
Crustal Architecture and Nature of Continental Breakup Along a Transform Margin: New Insights From Tanzania‐Mozambique Margin
Authors: Sinha Sudipta Tapan , Saha Sandipan , Longacre Mark , Basu Sudipta , Jha Rupesh , Mondal Tanmoy 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe Tanzania‐North Mozambique continental margin is a transform segment associated with Davie Fracture Zone (DFZ). The DFZ is described as an elongated linear oceanic fracture zone, commonly linked with the breakup between Eastern and Western Gondwana. We conducted a synthesized study using gravity, magnetic, and seismic data presenting the crustal architecture, geometry, and the kinematic nature of continental breakup along a transform margin. The crustal nature of DFZ, its role in forming kinematic linkage between two extensional margins during continental breakup processes, is focus of our study. The two extensional margins, Somalia‐Majunga and North Mozambique‐Antarctica, were linked via a 2,600‐km‐long dextral transform segment, partially overlapping with DFZ. Absence of classical rift indicators, weak signs of hyperextension, and abrupt ocean‐continent boundary suggest transform margin architecture. We redefined this feature as the Davie Transform System. The nature of deformation varies from transtensional pull‐apart in Tanzania to almost pure strike slip in North Mozambique. The southern transform segment exhibits abrupt change in ocean continent transition with a narrow zone of continental extension. This variation is recognized through the newly interpreted ocean‐continent boundary along this entire transform segment. Notably, within large pull‐apart systems in the north, the presence of fossilized incipient spreading center suggests that the extension had reached at quite advanced stages, characterized by significant thermal weakening as a consequence of strong magmatic activity. Through a series of reconstruction snapshots, we show the geodynamic evolution along the Tanzania‐North Mozambique margin explaining the role of Davie Transform System in the southward movement of Madagascar.
High‐Resolution Global Water Temperature Modeling
Authors: Wanders Niko , van Vliet Michelle T. H. , Wada Yoshihide , Bierkens Marc F. P. , van Beek Ludovicus P. H. (Rens) 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe temperature of river water plays a crucial role in many physical, chemical, and aquatic ecological processes. Despite the importance of having detailed information on this environmental variable at locally relevant scales (≤50 km), high‐resolution simulations of water temperature on a large scale are currently lacking. We have developed the dynamical 1‐D water energy routing model (DynWat), that solves both the energy and water balance, to simulate river temperatures for the period 1960–2014 at a nominal 10‐km and 50‐km resolution. The DynWat model accounts for surface water abstraction, reservoirs, riverine flooding, and formation of ice, enabling a realistic representation of the water temperature. We present a novel 10‐km water temperature data set at the global scale for all major rivers, lakes, and reservoirs. Validated results against 358 stations worldwide indicate a decrease in the simulated root‐mean‐square error (0.2 °C) and bias (0.7 °C), going from 50‐ to 10‐km simulations. We find an average global increase in water temperature of 0.16 °C per decade between 1960 and 2014, with more rapid warming toward 2014. Results show increasing trends for the annual daily maxima in the Northern Hemisphere (0.62 °C per decade) and the annual daily minima in the Southern Hemisphere (0.45 °C per decade) for 1960–2014. The high‐resolution modeling framework not only improves the model performance, it also positively impacts the relevance of the simulations for regional‐scale studies and impact assessments in a region without observations. The resulting global water temperature data set could help to improve the accuracy of decision‐support systems that depend on water temperature estimates.
Thank You to Our 2018 Peer Reviewers
Authors: Thomas Ellen , Barker Stephen 
Published: March 2019

AbstractPeer review remains a truly fundamental aspect of the way in which we practice science, and we want to show our appreciation for the invaluable work done by many of our peers in reviewing manuscripts for Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology. As scientists, we must let our research be scrutinized and evaluated by our peers, in order to publish manuscripts representing innovation and excellence in research and communication, while supporting the best practices in scientific conduct. Thorough review by professional colleagues of scientific papers is a critical aspect of ensuring that the manuscripts published by Paleoceanography are accurate, valuable, and clearly communicated. Peer review is an essential element of the process of refining understanding and sharing science, and the effort and expertise shared by each reviewer are crucial to the advancement of the science of oceans and climates of the past. We continue to be humbled by the time, effort, and careful insights that our colleagues have provided in their reviews. In 2018, Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology benefited from 430 reviews from 311 individuals (listed below), who freely donated their expertise to the journal.
Homozygous frameshift mutations in FAT1 cause a syndrome characterized by colobomatous-microphthalmia, ptosis, nephropathy and syndactyly
Authors: Lahrouchi Najim , George Aman , Ratbi Ilham , Schneider Ronen , Elalaoui Siham C. , Moosa Shahida , Bharti Sanita , Sharma Ruchi , Abu-Asab Mones , Onojafe Felix , Adadi Najlae , Lodder Elisabeth M. , Laarabi Fatima-Zahra , Lamsyah Yassine , Elorch Hamza , Chebbar Imane , Postma Alex V. , Lougaris Vassilios , Plebani Alessandro , Altmueller Janine , Kyrieleis Henriette , Meiner Vardiella , McNeill Helen , Bharti Kapil , Lyonnet Stanislas , Wollnik Bernd , Henrion-Caude Alexandra , Berraho Amina , Hildebrandt Friedhelm , Bezzina Connie R. , Brooks Brian P. , Sefiani Abdelaziz 
Published: March 2019

AbstractA failure in optic fissure fusion during development can lead to blinding malformations of the eye. Here, we report a syndrome characterized by facial dysmorphism, colobomatous microphthalmia, ptosis and syndactyly with or without nephropathy, associated with homozygous frameshift mutations in FAT1. We show that Fat1 knockout mice and zebrafish embryos homozygous for truncating fat1a mutations exhibit completely penetrant coloboma, recapitulating the most consistent developmental defect observed in affected individuals. In human retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells, the primary site for the fusion of optic fissure margins, FAT1 is localized at earliest cell-cell junctions, consistent with a role in facilitating optic fissure fusion during vertebrate eye development. Our findings establish FAT1 as a gene with pleiotropic effects in human, in that frameshift mutations cause a severe multi-system disorder whereas recessive missense mutations had been previously associated with isolated glomerulotubular nephropathy.