bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrating transitional-flow signatures into hybrid event beds: implications for hybrid-flow evolution on a submarine lobe fringe
Authors: Łapcik Piotr , Baas Jaco H. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
Alongside turbidites and debrites, hybrid event beds are now recognized as a common occurrence in deep-marine environments. Yet, many variations in the standard H1–H5 facies model of Haughton et al. (2009, Marine and Petroleum Geology, v. 26, p. 1900–1918) have been described since its introduction, with the role of transient-turbulent flows, i.e., flows that are transitional between fully turbulent turbidity currents and fully laminar debris flows, being particularly enigmatic.
Based on a comprehensive dataset collected from the lobe fringe and distal fringe of a submarine fan (Silurian Aberystwyth Grits Group and Borth Mudstone Formation, West Wales, U.K.), transitional-flow signatures were integrated into the standard hybrid-event-bed model. These signatures include muddy sandstones and sandy mudstones with large ripples (formed by turbulence-enhanced transitional flows), low-amplitude bed waves and heterolithic lamination (formed by turbulence-attenuated transitional flows), and banding (formed by turbulence-enhanced to turbulence-attenuated transitional flows).
The field data reveal that: a) H1 divisions are generated by turbulent flows that form not only massive, structureless facies but also plane-parallel-laminated and ripple-cross-laminated facies, b) H2 divisions are formed by transitional flows that form banded facies, but also facies with large ripples and low-amplitude bed waves, as well as heterolithic facies, c) H3 divisions are formed by laminar debris flows of varied rheology, d) H4 divisions can form from both tractional turbulent and transitional flows, and e) H5 divisions can be hemipelagic, deposited from the dilute tail of the flow or originate from cohesive freezing of a late-stage muddy debris flow.
Based on embedded Markov-chain analysis, the vertical stacking of facies in the five principal hybrid-event-bed divisions suggests a transformation from turbidity current via transitional flow to debris flow (H1 to H3), followed by a repetition of this transformation in the H4 and H5 divisions, but in overall finer-grained sediment. In addition to this complete extended facies model for hybrid event beds, three incomplete bed types could be defined: turbulent-flow-prone, transitional-flow-prone with an H3 division, and transitional-flow-prone without an H3 division.
The sedimentary successions in the study area reveal a basinward change from predominantly turbidites and turbulent-flow-prone hybrid event beds via a mixture of turbulent-flow and transitional-flow signatures in hybrid events beds to H3-missing hybrid event beds with transitional-flow and muddy-debrite signatures. Hence, sediment gravity flows became increasingly muddy and cohesive from lobe fringe to lobe distal fringe.
Acid Fracturing Design Modifications with the Development of a Tight Deep Carbonate Reservoir
Authors: Kydyrgazy A. , Yessaliyeva-Gozukara A. , Schomaker S. , Bibolova A. , Issayev D. , Azhigaliyeva A. , Berdibekov A. , Manakhayev R. , Tlepbergenov N. , Fan Yong , Slobozhaninov A. , Kruglov R. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Acid fracturing is a widely accepted technique to enhance production for carbonate reservoirs. This has been considered suitable for Tengiz Unit 2 reservoir development, which is characterized by tight matrix quality and low level of natural fracturing. Given the recent initiation of multi-stage acid fracturing in the development of Unit 2 (U2), it is essential to quickly integrate the most effective operational strategies and the latest data on reservoir characterization into the planning of upcoming operations.
The methodology involved formulating the stimulation plan by integrating open hole logging data from Unit 2 intervals, considering relatively higher water-cut production from new wells, and utilizing acid fracturing simulations informed by existing geomechanical rock properties. This approach aimed to determine the ideal treatment sizes and flow rates for the job designs. The use of conformance control liners (CCL) in the lower completion, coupled with the EverGreen Burner (Management of Residual Materials, MRM, suite) for the initial well cleanup, enables the independent testing of Unit 2 to evaluate the success of the acid fracturing operations completing the full cycle of acid frac execution and assessment.
Every new acid frac job has been based on the experience of the preceding jobs allowing for several areas for improvement. Acid recipe and volumes were the most frequent subjects to change that tested utilization of retarded acid, diverter acid system, pad gel and hydrochloric acid. On the other hand, the different intervals of Unit 2 were targeted for stimulation implying the varying nature of reservoir properties, the water risk and frac gradients in particular. Thus, the wells and reservoir compartments of interest showed contrasting productivity and water-cut that also has been a significant driver to manage the intensity of treatment by injection rate and acid volumes. The staged stimulation approach leveraged the benefits of CCL completion in the tight formation which accommodated selective treatment and delivered proper isolation between the stages. Some on-fly adjustments based on the set of calibration tests are also going to be shared along with the enhancement suggestions for execution process.
The aggregate of rigless equipment, MRM well clean-up spread, slickline/wireline tools, permanent downhole gauges, and CCL well completion provide great flexibility and efficiency in planning and execution of acid fracturing in the described conditions of the tight almost undepleted carbonate reservoir. Analysis of treatment charts might shed light on the effectiveness of treatment fluid systems in terms of anticipated pressure behavior. The well flowing data and further surveillance also backs up the assessment of the acid frac reducing the uncertainties for water and productivity.
Integrating Multi-Source Experiment Data and Variational Diffusion Model for Intelligent Constructing Digital Core: A Case Study of Sandstone Reservoir in the Turgay Basin Central South Kazakhstanc
Authors: Wang Lian , Zhang Liang , Deng Rui , Wang Hehua , Zhao Xing , Xu Bing 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Digital core technology is increasingly indispensable for the purpose of efficient development of sandstone reservoir in the Turgay basin central south Kazakhstan which could conduct multiple analyses and experiments without damaging the actual rock core, thereby enhancing efficiency, cutting costs, and minimizing resource wastage. The conventional methods for constructing the digital core mainly include high costs, while the construction cost of physical experimental methods is relatively high and the numerical reconstruction methods exhibit lower efficiency. An intelligent digital core construction framework combining multi-source experimental data with generative deep learning algorithms called MSED-GDL is proposed for quick and efficient reconstruction of the digital core. The framework begins with a U-net based autoencoder that encodes three-dimension (3D) images into a compact latent variable space, enhancing computational efficiency. This is followed by micro-seepage simulation and other processing on the 3D core database to gather multimodal data, including porosities, permeabilities, two-dimension (2D) thin section images, etc. A latent diffusion model is then employed to reconstruct high-fidelity 3D digital cores in seconds, capable of handling incomplete multimodal data inputs. To validate the MSED-GDL framework, 10000 digital core samples with the property of one typical sandstone reservoir in the Turgay basin central south Kazakhstan and a resolution of 256x256x256 were generated using Perlin noise and threshold filtering. Meanwhile, an autoencoder was adopted to compress these into a 16x16x16 tensor representation. Subsequently, the seepage simulations yielded multimodal data—comprising section images, mercury intrusion curves, phase permeability curves, permeabilities, etc. in various data forms (images, series, scalars). The latent diffusion model reconstructed the 3D digital cores using reverse diffusion and iterative denoising, achieving a reconstruction with minimal deviation from actual samples. The permeability, porosity, average throat radius, pore throat ratio, pore throat distribution, and relative permeability curve of the reconstructed digital core have strong consistency with multi-source experimental data indicating that the reconstructed three-dimensional digital core, in terms of geological, physical, and geometric, and other parameters that affect underground flow characteristics, has statistical significance similar to the original digital core and can serve as an approximate replacement for the original digital core.
Well Management Logic Optimization: Simulation Case Study on Kashagan Field
Authors: Nogerbek Nurbol , Pradja Kurnia , Galiyeva Gulnara , Hayat Sharjeel 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This paper discusses the optimization of well management strategies for production forecasting using dynamic reservoir modeling in a giant oil field that employs gas injection. Over the years of production, a significant evolution in the field knowledge has occurred, driven by the integration of additional data and information into the reservoir model. Continuous model updates have become essential, ensuring that the reservoir simulations reflect the latest field conditions. In parallel, these updates are accompanied by enhancements to the field and well management logic within the simulation. The well management logic is continuously refined based on the deepening understanding of the reservoir, with the ultimate goal of maximizing field recovery.
Depending on the field phase, well management logic evolves to address specific needs. In the pre-development stage, the logic primarily guided rate balancing based on well potential. As production commenced, surveillance data provided more detailed information, triggering adjustments in the management logic. The challenges encountered during production were integrated into the 3D dynamic model to improve forecasting accuracy. Furthermore, this information led to updates in the well and field management logic, ensuring more informed guidance for production and operational strategies, ultimately aimed at maximizing recovery. This paper shares the lessons learned and implementation of well management strategies throughout the eight years of production, offering valuable insights for optimizing recovery in similar large-scale, gas-injected oil fields.
Structural molecular and developmental evidence for cell-type diversity in cnidarian mechanosensory neurons
Authors: Nakanishi Nagayasu , Baranyk Julia , Malir Kristen , Silva Miguel , Rieck Sakura , Scheve Gracie 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Deploying a conserved mechanosensory neuron known as the concentric hair cell, cnidarians have evolved diverse mechanoreceptors from hydroid filiform tentacles to jellyfish statocysts. However, it is unknown whether cnidarian mechanoreceptor evolution has relied solely on repurposing a single ancestral mechanosensory neuron type. Here we report evidence for cell-type diversity of mechanosensory neurons in sea-anemone cnidarian Nematostella vectensis. Uncovered in the ectoderm of feeding tentacles are conventional type I hair cells and previously unrecognized type II hair cells differing in the structure of apical sensory apparatus and synapses. Moreover, we identify TRP channel-encoding gene polycystin-1 as a type-II-hair-cell-specific essential mediator of gentle touch response. Ontogenically, type I and type II hair cells derive from distinct postmitotic precursors that begin forming at different phases of larval development. Taken together, our findings suggest that anatomically, molecularly, and developmentally distinct mechanosensory neurons diversified within Cnidaria, or prior to the divergence of Cnidaria and Bilateria.
Innovative Metrics for Quality-Adjusted Life Years: A New Standard for Healthcare Cost-Benefit Analysis
Authors: Tanizawa Yusuke , Ito Kazuya , Takashima Ryuta 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

To address the recent rise in healthcare expenditure due to an aging population, the rational allocation and efficient use of resources, based on scientific evidence, has become indispensable. This study presents a more valid quality-adjusted life years (QALY) estimation based on the value of statistical life, which can be used for cost-benefit analysis (CBA) of policy interventions and the efficient allocation of healthcare resources. We assess the accuracy of conventional QALY estimates while proposing a new, more rational, and flexible QALY estimation that combines age and scenario factors, demonstrating their validity. Our numerical analysis suggests that updating QALY by considering regional characteristics such as population, age distribution, and changes in quality of life (QoL) can lead to a more accurate CBA. Using this metric enables more rational policy budgeting based on scientific evidence and indicates the potential for achieving greater efficiency in the allocation of healthcare resources. Furthermore, increasing the proportion of healthy individuals with a gradual decline in QoL can help reduce healthcare expenditure.
Second IBTR outcomes of repeat lumpectomy with or without radiotherapy in patients with ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence (IBTR) after breast conserving surgery: a single-center retrospective cohort study
Authors: Shin Eunju , Yoo Tae-Kyung , Lee Sae Byul , Chung Il Yong , Kim Jisun , Ko Beom Seok , Kim Hee Jeong , Lee Jong Won , Lee Hye In , Jung Jinhong , Ahn Seung Do , Kim Su Ssan , Son Byung Ho 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Managing ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence (IBTR) after breast-conserving surgery is challenging. This study aimed to investigate the outcomes of repeat lumpectomy for IBTR, with or without radiotherapy, and to identify factors associated with improved second IBTR-free survival.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective study of 128 patients who underwent repeat lumpectomy for IBTR between 1994 and 2013. Patients were divided into four groups based on radiotherapy status: no radiotherapy, radiotherapy after the first operation, radiotherapy after the second operation, and radiotherapy after both operations. Clinicopathological characteristics, including age, interval to IBTR, tumor size, histological grade, hormone receptor status, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status of second operation tumor tissue, were compared among the groups. Kaplan-Meier survival analyses were performed to evaluate second IBTR-free survival rates, and Cox regression analysis was used to identify independent prognostic factors.
Results
The median follow-up period was 65.5 months, with an overall second IBTR rate of 25.0%. Most patients (84.4%) were 40 years old or younger at the initial operation, and 57% were 40 years old or younger at the second operation, with no significant differences in age distribution by radiotherapy (RT) status. Significant differences were observed in the interval to IBTR (p=0.039) and node metastasis (p=0.011) among the groups, while other factors such as histologic grade and receptor status showed no significant differences.
Younger age at the second operation was significantly linked to a higher likelihood of second IBTR (p=0.002). Patients who received RT after the first but not the second operation, or no RT at all, had higher chances of second IBTR recurrence compared to those who received RT after the second operation (p=0.042). Multivariable analysis indicated that receiving RT after the second operation was significantly associated with improved second IBTR-free survival (HR: 0.119, 95% CI: 0.015–0.928, p=0.042).
Conclusions
Our study indicates that younger age at IBTR is a significant factor for second recurrence. Radiotherapy after repeat lumpectomy, irrespective of prior radiotherapy was administered following the initial operation, improves the rate of IBTR-free survival in patients undergoing repeated lumpectomy for IBTR. This study provides valuable insights into the management of patients with IBTR after breast-conserving surgery and highlights the importance of considering radiotherapy.
Unfolding insights about resilience and its coping strategies by medical academics and healthcare professionals at their workplaces: A thematic qualitative analysis
Authors: Guraya Salman Yousuf , Dias Jacqueline Maria , Eladl Mohamed Ahmed , Rustom Ayah Mohammad Rajai , Alalawi Fatima Audi Saleem , Alhammadi Majid Hassan Saleh , Ahmed Yusra Ahmed Mohammed , Shamsi Amna Ali Omran Taryam Al , Bilalaga Sarah Juman , Nicholson Alfred , Malik Hani , Guraya Shaista Salman 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Health care professionals (HCPs) and medical and health academics (MHAs) strive to maintain and promote population health through evidence-based medical education and practice. At their workplaces, due to the demanding nature of work, HCPs and MHAs face substantial degree of physiological, psychological, and physical stress including burnout. Resilience has therefore become a fundamental necessity in the medical field. Our research aimed to acquire an in-depth comprehension of how HCPs and MHAs understand, cultivate, and sustain resilience when confronted with challenges and stressors at their workplaces.
Methods
We reviewed the existing corpus of literature on resilience, stressors, and coping strategies and followed an iterative process of deliberations for the development of a questionnaire. It was validated by content experts and was piloted on a small group of MHAs of the University of Sharjah (UoS) and HCPs from different hospitals of the United Arab Emirates to test its relevance, clarity of items, internal consistency, and inter-observer validity. The validated questionnaire was then used for in-depth interviews on HCPs and MHAs. Lastly, we adopted the Braun and Clarke 6-stage thematic model for qualitative data analysis.
Results
Our study recorded insights of 170 participants; 69 MHAs and 101 HCPs. Through an inductive thematic analysis of responses, three overarching themes with sub-themes emerged; cognitive mastery (cognitive appraisal and problem-solving abilities), affective well-being (gratification from professional efficacy and social support), and conative efficiency (proactive approaches and introspection and reflection). Other main findings highlighted stress-related factors, realistic expectations, personal well-being and work-life balance. MHAs were concerned about academic output and research, while HCPs were stressed about patient care, delivery of services, and workload. These constructs showcase an intricate interplay between cognitive mastery, affective well-being, and conative efficiency.
Conclusion
The findings of our study bestow valuable insights into the dynamic nature of resilience in the medical profession. The synergies and dissimilarities in work-life balance, personal productivity, and job-specific stressors among HCPs and MHAs demand a well-structured resilience program. The themes of cognitive mastery, affective well-being, and conative efficiency are interconnected and can help foster work-life balance and personal well-being of HCPs and MHAs to improve their resilience.
Analysis of the incidence and mortality of tetanus in children aged 0-5 years in 204 countries from 1990 to 2021
Authors: He Li , Liu Cheng , Zhang Jin Hui , Deng Dachuan , He JiangShan , Tian Lin , Zhou Wenlai , Zheng Xiangde 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background: Tetanus is a vaccine-preventable disease. Understanding trends in the incidence and mortality of tetanus in infants and young children is essential to develop prevention and intervention strategies.
Methods: Data on tetanus incidence and mortality among children aged 0-5 years from 1990 to 2021 were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2021. Estimated annual percentage changes (EAPC) were calculated to assess the trends in the change of children’s tetanus incidence and mortality and the burden of disease. The relationship between disease burden and sociodemographic index (SDI) was also analyzed.
Results: Globally, the incidence of children's tetanus decreased from 308,931 cases in 1990 to 17,788 cases in 2021. Similarly, tetanus mortality among children has decreased significantly over the past 30 years, from 24.62 per 100,000 to 1.34 per 100,000, with little gender difference observed. The highest rates were seen in Caribbean, Central Sub-Saharan Africa, Eastern Sub-Saharan Africa, North Africa and Middle East, South Asia, Southeast Asia, and Western Sub-Saharan Africa, with 2.3 per 100 000, 3.48 per 100 000, 6.59 per 100 000, 2.04 per 100 000, 4.13 per 100 000, 3.48 per 100 000 and 3.6 per 100 000, respectively. The incidence and mortality of tetanus in children are significantly different in areas with different SDI levels. The incidence and mortality in areas with low SDI are higher than those in areas with high SDI.
Conclusion: The incidence and mortality of tetanus in children have decreased to varying degrees worldwide, but they are still high in some regions, especially in countries with low SDI, which highlights the impact of socioeconomic factors on the outcome of the disease. More targeted supportive measures are imperative for mitigating the global burden posed by children’s tetanus.
Investing in Hypertension Care in Lagos, Nigeria: Quantifying the Costs to Close the Treatment Gap based on Real-World Data
Authors: Dieteren Charlotte , Gómez-Pérez Gloria , Bellaar Atze , Baningbe Bolanle , Ifeanyichi Martilord , de Wit Tobias , Dada Ibironke , Zamba Emmanuella , Andel Judith van 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) house 66% of all hypertension patients, many of whom are undertreated, leading to severe health risks and higher healthcare costs. This study examined the required investments to improve hypertension control in Lagos, Nigeria, using real-world medical records and cost data. We found that both adherence to consultations and medications according to guidelines was significantly associated with reduction of a 5–6 mmHg in systolic blood pressure. These reductions correspond to a 6–14% decrease in cardiovascular complication risk and would require an average annual investment of USD 120 per patient. The medication costs being the main cost driver. Statewide, providing complete care for all hypertension patients would require an annual investment of $300 million, or $5,000 to $13,000 per saved life year. The identified required investments are currently far outside an acceptable range when comparing to the GDP of Lagos State, Nigeria. To make chronic care investments feasible, hypertension management must become more efficient, including reducing high medication costs through bulk purchasing, adopting innovative, group based blended care models, and increasing health insurance coverage.