bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MANAGERIAL POTENTIAL OF NETWORK IMAGE TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: Poplavskyi Mykhailo 
Published: September 2018

The purpose of the article is to characterize image as a special product of culture acquiring a managerial potential, being very clearly presented in the networked society. Methodology of the study. The study is based on systemic and synergetic approach, focused on understanding the management mechanisms of a networked information and communication society. The scientific novelty of this research is determined by the orientation towards the person’s image formed with the usage of the whole spectrum of social and cultural technologies with their own managerial potential, thus making it possible to rapidly accumulate social capital and increase social statuses of the Internet network subject. Conclusions. The reasons for a such unprecedented strengthening of the network image managerial potential technologies are a rapid social capital accumulation and a subject social status enhancement, communication design by means of graphic design, information provision in the form it draws the attention of the audience, as well as the «cultural code of access» to cultural concepts, mental fundamentals of the worldview of the target audience subjects and the ability to program them.
International Examination and Synthesis of the Primary and Secondary Surveys in Paramedicine
Authors: Colbeck Marc A , Maria Sonja , Eaton Georgette , Campbell Craig B , Batt Alan M , Caffey Matthew R 
Published: September 2018

<p class="Pa2"><strong>Background</strong></p><p class="Pa2">To guide their care paramedics routinely rely upon two assessment and treatment algorithms, known as the primary survey and the secondary survey. No clear consensus of the concepts (assessments and interventions) that are, or should be, included in these algorithms exist internationally. </p><p class="Pa2"><strong>Methods </strong></p><p class="Pa2">This paper evaluated Australasian paramedic clinical practice guidelines (CPGs), as well as six other international paramedic CPGs (USA, Ireland, UK, South Africa, Qatar, and the United Arab Emirates) in order to identify which concepts are currently described in best-practice recommendations for paramedics. The authors also contributed concepts that they felt were important additions based on their experience as veteran paramedics and paramedic educators.</p><p class="Pa2"><strong>Results </strong></p><p class="Pa2">The resulting amalgamation of concepts identified in each term was then formed into two mnemonics which, together sequentially list approximately 100 specific clinical concepts that paramedics routinely consider in their care of patients. We describe these as the “International Paramedic Primary and Secondary Surveys”.</p><p class="Pa2"><strong>Conclusion </strong></p><p class="Pa2">The primary and secondary surveys presented in this paper represent an evidence-based guide to the best practice in conducting a primary and secondary survey in the paramedic context. Findings will be of use to paramedics, paramedic students, and other clinicians working in remote or isolated practices.</p>
Integrated Microfluidic Chip for Efficient Isolation and Deformability Analysis of Circulating Tumor Cells
Authors: Liu Zongbin , Chen Rui , Li Ying , Liu Jianqiao , Wang Ping , Xia Xuefeng , Qin Lidong 
Published: September 2018

AbstractEfficient isolation and downstream analysis of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) beyond counting is challenging. Here, an integrated microfluidic chip for efficient isolation and deformability analysis of CTCs is reported. The microfluidic chip integrates two modules: one module is two mirrored deterministic lateral displacement (DLD) arrays for the depletion of blood cells; the other module is another DLD array with an increasing tilt angle for CTCs separation based on size and deformability. The chip allows continuous isolation of CTCs with >90% capture yield and >50% capture purity at a throughput of 12 mL h−1. Results show that the captured cancer cells maintain good viability. Downstream deformability analysis validates that invasive MDA‐MB‐231 cells are more flexible than noninvasive MCF‐7 cells. The deformability of CTCs isolated from cancer patient samples is highly heterogeneous. The implementation of cell deformability analysis integrated with microfluidics extends the laboratory capability beyond simple counting of CTCs.
Recent Progress on High‐Capacitance Polymer Gate Dielectrics for Flexible Low‐Voltage Transistors
Authors: Nketia‐Yawson Benjamin , Noh Yong‐Young 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe gate dielectric layer is an essential element of field‐effect transistors (FETs), large area integrated circuits, and various application electronics. Beyond basic insulation between the semiconductor layer and gate electrode, FET performance largely depends on the capacitance of the chosen insulator layer properties. Recent functional devices developments require new functionalities, such as high mechanical flexibility and stretchability in addition to basic insulating and physical properties. This review focuses on recent developments of high‐capacitance polymer gate dielectric materials and their application for low‐voltage flexible FETs. The fundamental principles and components of transistors are discussed briefly, then the underlying concepts for gate dielectrics and the mechanisms for polymer dielectric properties, such as capacitance control, leakage current formation in dielectric polymer films, and patternability, are described. Strategic approaches to achieve high capacitance based on low‐k dielectric materials, and the development and use of high‐capacitance polymers and hybrid polymer gate dielectrics in the context of emerging transistors on flexible substrates are also discussed.
Black Phosphorus/Platinum Heterostructure: A Highly Efficient Photocatalyst for Solar‐Driven Chemical Reactions
Authors: Bai Licheng , Wang Xin , Tang Shaobin , Kang Yihong , Wang Jiahong , Yu Ying , Zhou Zhang‐Kai , Ma Chao , Zhang Xue , Jiang Jun , Chu Paul K. , Yu Xue‐Feng 
Published: September 2018

AbstractA 2D black phosphorus/platinum heterostructure (Pt/BP) is developed as a highly efficient photocatalyst for solar‐driven chemical reactions. The heterostructure, synthesized by depositing BP nanosheets with ultrasmall (≈1.1 nm) Pt nanoparticles, shows strong Pt–P interactions and excellent stability. The Pt/BP heterostructure exhibits obvious P‐type semiconducting characteristics and efficient absorption of solar energy extending into the infrared region. Furthermore, during light illumination, accelerated charge separation is observed from Pt/BP as manifested by the ultrafast electron migration (0.11 ps) detected by a femtosecond pump‐probe microscopic optical system as well as efficient electron accumulation on Pt revealed by in situ X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. These unique properties result in remarkable performance of Pt/BP in typical hydrogenation and oxidation reactions under simulated solar light illumination, and its efficiency is much higher than that of other common Pt catalysts and even much superior to that of conventional thermal catalysis. The 2D Pt/BP heterostructure has enormous potential in photochemical reactions involving solar light and the results of this study provide insights into the design of next‐generation high‐efficiency photocatalysts.
Developmental stability and environmental stress: A geometric morphometrics analysis of asymmetry in the human femur
Authors: Mopin Clémence , Chaumoître Kathia , Signoli Michel , Adalian Pascal 
Published: September 2018

AbstractObjectivesThe evaluation of developmental stability (DS) by measuring fluctuating asymmetry (FA), a bioindicator of general cumulative stress, is an approach that has often been used to characterize health status in past populations. New techniques of geometric morphometrics now enable a better appreciation of FA than before, with a more refined quantification of variation. The aim of our study is to determine the effectiveness of geometric morphometrics analyses of asymmetry in the human femur for the study of individual DS and inferring health status of human populations.Materials and methodsWe conducted a comparative analysis between two diachronic populations of distinct and known health status. Two samples of 70 pairs of adult femurs from individuals of comparable age range and sex were selected and CT‐scanned. For each 3D reconstruction, two sets of 27 landmarks were digitized to quantify and minimize the effect of measurement error on the evaluation of FA.ResultsWhile the measurement of FA in femoral centroid size seemed comparable between the samples, the amount of FA in femoral shape differed. Individuals who experienced high levels of environmental stress presented higher intra‐individual variation. In parallel, results did not reveal any significant differences in DS between sexes or age groups.DiscussionThe geometric morphometrics analysis of femoral asymmetry was effective for distinguishing two populations. After considering various factors of influence, genetics and biomechanics seem to have a limited impact on the results. Expressing FA appears to be normal but dependent on the disturbances of DS produced by environmental stress.
High dielectric, low curing with high thermally stable renewable eugenol‐based polybenzoxazine matrices and nanocomposites
Authors: Krishnan S. , Arumugam H. , Chavali M. , Muthukaruppan A. 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACTIn the present work, a new type of bio‐based benzoxazines were prepared by using aniline, N, N‐dimethyl amino propyl amine (DMAPA) and caprolactam modified DMAPA with eugenol. The benzoxazines resulted were characterized for their molecular structure by Fourier transform infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The polymerization process of benzoxazines and their thermal behavior were studied by differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis, respectively. Moreover, the effect of chemical blending of the synthesized benzoxazines with conventional benzoxazines [bisphenol A benzoxazine (BPAb) and bisphenol F benzoxazine (BPFb)] and bismaleimide was studied to bring down the polymerization temperature by creating supplementary potential sites for polymerization. Furthermore, to reduce the polymerization temperature, the benzoxazines synthesized in the present study were partially incorporated with 10 wt % of catalysts (4‐hydroxy phenylmaleimide, 4‐amino phenol, and 4‐hydroxy acetophenone). The graphene reinforced polybenzoxazine composites were also prepared by incorporating varying weight percentages (1, 3, 5, 7, and 10 wt %) of graphene oxide to obtain hybrid nanocomposites. From the results obtained, it was observed that the polymerization temperature (Tp) was significantly reduced (more than 31 °C) in both the cases of blends of conventional BPAb and BPFb. It was also observed that the values of the dielectric constant of graphene reinforced hybrid composites are significantly enhanced. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47050.
Biases incurred from nonrandom repeat testing of haemoglobin levels in blood donors: Selective testing and its implications
Authors: Chung Ryan K. , Wood Angela M. , Sweeting Michael J. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractTo help prevent anaemia, it is a requisite for blood donors to undergo a haemoglobin test to ensure levels are not too low before donation. It is therefore important to have an accurate testing device and strategy to ensure donors are not being inappropriately bled. A recent study in blood donors used a selective testing strategy where if a donor's haemoglobin level is below the level required for donation, then another reading is taken and if this occurs again, a third and final reading is used. This strategy can reduce the average number of readings required per donor compared to taking three measurements for all donors. However, the final decision‐making measurement will on average be higher than a single measurement. In this paper, a selective testing strategy is compared against other strategies. Individual‐level biases are derived for the selective strategy and are shown to depend on how close a donor's true haemoglobin level is to the donation threshold and the magnitude of error in the testing device. A simulation study was conducted using the distribution of haemoglobin levels from a large donor population to investigate the effects different strategies have on population performance. We consider scenarios based on varying the measurement device bias and error, including differential biases that depend on the underlying haemoglobin level. Discriminatory performance is shown to be affected when using the selective testing strategies, especially when measurement error is large and when differential bias is present in the device. We recommend that the average of a number of readings should be used in preference to selective testing strategies if multiple measurements are available.
It is merely a matter of time: A meta‐analysis of the causality between environmental performance and financial performance
Authors: Hang Markus , Geyer‐Klingeberg Jerome , Rathgeber Andreas W. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractResearch on the relationship between corporate environmental performance (CEP) and financial performance (CFP) continuously receives high attention in both general media and academic publications. One central issue concerns the causal effects between the two constructs. Because existing primary literature is characterized by its heterogeneous study designs and mixed empirical evidence, the aim of this paper is to explicitly shed light on the causality effects between CEP and CFP by means of a meta‐analysis of 893 empirical estimates from 142 CEP–CFP studies. Our findings suggest that in the short run (1 year), financial resources can increase a firm's environmental performance as proposed by the slack resources hypothesis; however, the effects disappear in the long run (after more than 1 year). Conversely, increasing environmental performance has no short‐term effect on a corporate financial performance, whereas a firm significantly benefits in the long term, which is in accordance with the Porter hypothesis. Overall, our results show that the causality between environmental performance and financial performance depends on the time horizon.
Patient choice for high‐volume center radiation impacts head and neck cancer outcome
Authors: Naghavi Arash O. , Echevarria Michelle I. , Strom Tobin J. , Abuodeh Yazan A. , Venkat Puja S. , Ahmed Kamran A. , Demetriou Stephanie , Frakes Jessica M. , Kim Youngchul , Kish Julie A. , Russell Jeffery S. , Otto Kristen J. , Chung Christine H. , Harrison Louis B. , Trotti Andy , Caudell Jimmy J. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackgroundStudies suggest treatment outcomes may vary between high (HVC)‐ and low‐volume centers (LVC). Radiation therapy (RT) for head and neck cancer (HNC) requires weeks of treatment, the inconvenience of which may influence a patient's choice for treatment location. We hypothesized that receipt of RT for HNC at a HVC would influence outcomes compared to patients evaluated at a HVC, but who chose to receive RT at a LVC.MethodsFrom 1998 to 2011, 1930 HNC patients were evaluated at a HVC and then treated with RT at either a HVC or LVC. Time‐to‐event outcomes and treatment factors were compared.ResultsMedian follow‐up was 34 months. RT was delivered at a HVC for 1368 (71%) patients and at a LVC in 562 (29%). Patients were more likely to choose HVC‐RT if they resided in the HVC's county or required definitive RT (all P < 0.001). HVC‐RT was associated with a significant improvement in 3‐year LRC (84% vs 68%), DFS (68% vs 48%), and OS (72% vs 57%) (all P < 0.001). On multivariate analysis (MVA), HVC‐RT independently predicted for improved LRC, DFS, and OS (all P < 0.05).ConclusionsIn patients evaluated at a HVC, the choice of RT location was primarily influenced by their residing distance from the HVC. HVC‐RT was associated with improvements in LRC, DFS, and OS in HNC. As treatment planning and delivery are technically demanding in HNC, the choice to undergo treatment at a HVC may result in more optimal delivered dose, RT duration, and outcome.
Sensory Characteristics and Antioxidant Activity of Zanthoxylum bungeanumMaxim. Pericarps
Authors: Ma Yao , Wang Yuan , Li Xuan , Hou Li‐Xiu , Wei An‐Zhi 
Published: September 2018

AbstractZanthoxylum bungeanum extracts were prepared using seven solvents: water, methanol, ethanol, acetic acid, ethyl acetate, chloroform, and benzene. The volatile composition in the extracts was qualitatively analyzed using headspace solid‐phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography mass spectrometry detection, and the alkylamide composition was determined using high‐performance liquid chromatography. The extract compositions differed with respect to the solvents. A total of 49 volatile components belonging to four groups, terpenoids, alcohols, esters, and ketones, were identified in the extracts. The Z. bungeanum extracts were either ester or terpenoid type, dominated by linalyl acetate. The extracts were divided into three distinct groups based on principal component analysis and hierarchical clustering analysis. Water, methanol, and ethanol extracts could be applied in the food and pharmaceutical industries.
Potent and Readily Accessible Bistramide A Analogues through Diverted Total Synthesis
Authors: Hanna Ramsey D. , Naro Yuta , Deiters Alexander , Floreancig Paul E. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractA diverted total synthesis effort is described that is designed to prepare potent cytotoxins based on the actin‐binding natural product bistramide A. The major focus of this study is the preparation of analogues that contain oxygenation at the C29 position, which is necessary for a key reaction in the sequence but is not present in the natural product. This process showed that C29 ketone analogues are accessed more readily and show similar potency compared to the natural product. The ability to incorporate C29 oxygenation and to replace a secondary alcohol by a primary alcohol allowed for the development of a more convergent approach that provides a potent analogue in just eight steps in its longest linear sequence.
Selective Partial Substitution of B‐Site with Phosphorus in Perovskite Electrocatalysts for Highly Efficient Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Zhang Wenhua , Zhou Wulan , Zhang Zhenbao , Chen Zilong , Tan Shaozao , Chen Dengjie 
Published: September 2018

AbstractPerovskite oxides are promising electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). However, the activity and stability of perovskite oxides still needs to be improved to efficiently utilize renewable and clean energy resources. Herein, we selectively introduced phosphorus (P) into SrCo0.8Fe0.2O3‐δ (SCF) to form modified perovskite oxides, i. e., SrCo0.8Fe0.15P0.05O3‐δ, SrCo0.75Fe0.2P0.05O3‐δ and Sr(Co0.8Fe0.2)0.95P0.05O3‐δ. An improved OER activity and stability compared to un‐doped SCF was clearly observed. Meanwhile, the specific surface area, oxygen vacancy content and electronic conductivity increased due to the P doping. Moreover, a lower valence state of B‐site cations induced by the high‐valence P5+ was detected, which may contribute to the better activity and stability. Among them, the dual‐site substitution to form Sr(Co0.8Fe0.2)0.95P0.05O3‐δ stands out when evaluating the activity and stability in alkaline solution. The results suggest that the P doping could be an effective strategy to develop perovskite electrocatalysts with high electrocatalytic activity and stability.
Comparison of Kinetics and Activity of Ni‐Based Catalysts for Benzyl Phenyl Ether Catalytic Hydrogenolysis
Authors: Zhu Chen , Cao Jing-Pei , Xie Tao , Zhao Xiao-Yan , Cui Xin , Guo Zhen-Xing , Shen Wen-Zhong , Bai Jin , Wei Xian-Yong 
Published: September 2018

The influence of the type of support [activated carbon (AC), HZSM‐5, and γ‐Al2O3] on the performance of Ni‐based catalysts for the catalytic hydrogenolysis (CH) of benzyl phenyl ether (BPE) is investigated. The properties of an Ni‐based catalyst are investigated using diverse characterization techniques. An Ni/AC catalyst exhibits the highest dispersion of Ni atoms by CO pulse. The kinetic studies show that the apparent activation energies (Ea) for CH of BPE increase in the order Ea (Ni/AC) < Ea (Ni/γ‐Al2O3) < Ea (Ni/HZSM‐5), and the initial turnover frequencies follow the order of Ni/AC (64 mol molNisurf
−1 h−1) > Ni/γ‐Al2O3 (58 mol molNisurf
−1 h−1) > Ni/HZSM‐5 (45 mol molNisurf
−1 h−1). All these results prove that the CH activity of BPE is significantly affected by the type of support, and Ni/AC is the highest activity catalyst in CH of the C—O bond of BPE. Toluene and phenol are major products in CH of BPE at a relatively low hydrogen pressure and high temperature. Based on catalytic experiments, a reaction mechanism is proposed, which provides the theoretical basis for converting lignite into high‐value organic molecules.
In vivo evaluation of an elastomeric small‐diameter vascular graft reinforced with a highly flexible Nitinol mesh
Authors: Soldani Giorgio , Murzi Michele , Faita Francesco , Di Lascio Nicole , Al Kayal Tamer , Spanò Raffaele , Canciani Barbara , Losi Paola 
Published: September 2018

AbstractHighly porous small‐diameter vascular grafts (SDVGs) prepared with elastomeric materials such as poly(ether urethane) (PEtU)–polydimethylsiloxane (PEtU‐PDMS) are capable to biodegrade but may develop aneurismal dilatation. Through a compliance/patency assessment with ultrasound techniques, the current study investigated the functionality, in terms of patency and endothelialization, of a highly flexible and porous Nitinol mesh incorporated into PEtU‐PDMS SDVGs in a sheep carotid model. Nitinol‐PEtU‐PDMS grafts with an internal diameter (ID) of 4 mm were manufactured by spray, phase‐inversion technique. Compliance tests were performed by ultrasound (US) imaging using a high‐resolution ultrasound diagnostic system. Ten adult sheep were implanted with 7 cm long grafts. The results of this study demonstrated an almost complete neointima luminal coverage in transmurally porous grafts reinforced with the Nitinol meshes after 6 months of implantation. Additionally, ultrasound has been used to quantitatively assess and monitor hemodynamic variables in an experimental model of synthetic vascular graft replacement. The use of reinforced PEtU‐PDMS grafts may accelerate the endothelialization process of relatively long grafts, such as those needed for aortocoronary bypass. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 107B: 951–964, 2019.