bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship Between Organizational Injustice and Work Interference with Family: The Role of Social Support
Authors: Kumar Aneel , Ali Arain Ghulam , Ahmed Channa Khalil 
Published: April 2019

This study investigates the moderating role of social support (i.e., supervisor, co-workers and the family) in the relationship between organizational injustice (i.e., distributive and procedural) and work interference with family (WIF; i.e., strain and behaviour based). Quantitative data were collected from employees working in public sector health-care organizations of Pakistan through survey questionnaires ( N = 255). This study finds significant effects of distributive and procedural injustice in engendering the negative experiences of strain- and behaviour-based WIF, in the employees of health-care organizations. The moderating effect of co-worker and family support provided mixed results. The supervisory social support was not found as a moderator. Findings of this study suggest that health-care organizations should pay serious attention to the ineffective work family policies and procedure to develop a family-friendly work environment. The supervisors should be given a role in work family policies and procedure development. The mitigating effect of co-workers’ support showed that the employees should be provided with proper knowledge on the policies and procedures of their organizations. The support of family members can also be either benign or harmful.
ERCC6L2 defines a novel entity within inherited acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Douglas Suvi P. M. , Siipola Pihla , Kovanen Panu E. , Pyörälä Marja , Kakko Sakari , Savolainen Eeva-Riitta , Salmenniemi Urpu , Orte Katri , Kytölä Soili , Pitkänen Esa , Porkka Kimmo , Kilpivaara Outi , Wartiovaara-Kautto Ulla 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
There is a Blood Commentary on this article in this issue.
von Willebrand factor self-association is regulated by the shear-dependent unfolding of the A2 domain
Authors: Zhang Changjie , Kelkar Anju , Neelamegham Sriram 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
von Willebrand factor (VWF) self-association results in the homotypic binding of VWF upon exposure to fluid shear. The molecular mechanism of this process is not established. In this study, we demonstrate that the shear-dependent unfolding of the VWF A2 domain in the multimeric protein is a major regulator of protein self-association. This mechanism controls self-association on the platelet glycoprotein Ibα receptor, on collagen substrates, and during thrombus growth ex vivo. In support of this, A2-domain mutations that prevent domain unfolding due to disulfide bridging of N- and C-terminal residues (“Lock-VWF”) reduce self-association and platelet activation under various experimental conditions. In contrast, reducing assay calcium concentrations, and 2 mutations that destabilize VWF-A2 conformation by preventing coordination with calcium (D1498A and R1597W VWD type 2A mutation), enhance self-association. Studies using a panel of recombinant proteins that lack the A1 domain (“ΔA1 proteins”) suggest that besides pure homotypic A2 interactions, VWF-A2 may also engage other protein domains to control self-association. Addition of purified high-density lipoprotein and apolipoprotein-A1 partially blocked VWF self-association. Overall, similar conditions facilitate VWF self-association and ADAMTS13-mediated proteolysis, with low calcium and A2 disease mutations enhancing both processes, and locking-A2 blocking them simultaneously. Thus, VWF appears to have evolved 2 balancing molecular functions in a single A2 functional domain to dynamically regulate protein size in circulation: ADAMTS13-mediated proteolysis and VWF self-association. Modulating self-association rates by targeting VWF-A2 may provide novel methods to regulate the rates of thrombosis and hemostasis.
Trauma-focused group intervention for unaccompanied young refugees: “Mein Weg”—predictors of treatment outcomes and sustainability of treatment effects
Authors: Pfeiffer Elisa , Sachser Cedric , Tutus Dunja , Fegert Joerg M. , Plener Paul L. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Background
Current research on treatment predictors and long-term effects of trauma-focused interventions for (unaccompanied) refugee minors is limited. This secondary analysis of a recent randomised controlled trial (RCT), evaluating the trauma-focused group intervention “Mein Weg” (English “My Way”) compared to usual care, investigated several refugee-specific factors such as treatment predictors and sustainability of treatment gains.

Methods
In total N = 50 participants (Mage = 17.00, 94% male) were included in this analysis. Evaluation of 3-month follow-up data included: posttraumatic stress symptoms [(PTSS) CATS-Self, CATS-Care], depression (PHQ-8), and dysfunctional posttraumatic cognitions (CPTCI-S). Baseline symptom severity of the above-mentioned measures, trauma load and socio-demographic factors were investigated as the treatment predictors.

Results
Intention-to-treat-analyses (ITT) revealed the sustainability of treatment effects in self-reported PTSS (pre to post change: 6.48 ± 1.60, d = 0.62, p < 0.001; post to 3-month follow-up change: 1.41 ± 1.96, d = 0.11, p = 0.47) and depression (pre to post change: 7.82 ± 2.09, d = 0.64, p < 0.001; post to 3-month follow-up change: 1.35 ± 2.17, d = 0.05, p = 0.54). Country of origin alone was a significant predictor of the change in PTSS (b = − 8.22 ± 3.53, t(30) = − 2.33, p = 0.027), and baseline levels of depression were a significant predictor of the change in depression (b = 0.83 ± 0.19, t(33) = 4.46, p < 0.001).

Conclusion
This group intervention can serve as a valuable component in a stepped care approach with promising long-term effects for young refugees.
Trial registration DRKS, #DRKS00010915. Registered 15 September 2016, https://www.drks.de/drks_web/navigate.do?navigationId=trial.HTML&TRIAL_ID=DRKS00010915
Hypoxia as a barrier to immunotherapy in pancreatic adenocarcinoma
Authors: Daniel S. K. , Sullivan K. M. , Labadie K. P. , Pillarisetty V. G. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) is a lethal disease with limited response to cytotoxic chemoradiotherapy, as well as newer immunotherapies. The PDA tumor microenvironment contains infiltrating immune cells including cytotoxic T cells; however, there is an overall immunosuppressive milieu. Hypoxia is a known element of the solid tumor microenvironment and may promote tumor survival. Through various mechanisms including, but not limited to, those mediated by HIF‐1α, hypoxia also leads to increased tumor proliferation and metabolic changes. Furthermore, epithelial to mesenchymal transition is promoted through several pathways, including NOTCH and c‐MET, regulated by hypoxia. Hypoxia‐promoted changes also contribute to the immunosuppressive phenotype seen in many different cell types within the microenvironment and thereby may inhibit an effective immune system response to PDA. Pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) and myofibroblasts appear to contribute to the recruitment of myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and B cells in PDA via cytokines increased due to hypoxia. PSCs also increase collagen secretion in response to HIF‐1α, which promotes a fibrotic stroma that alters T cell homing and migration. In hypoxic environments, B cells contribute to cytotoxic T cell exhaustion and produce chemokines to attract more immunosuppressive regulatory T cells. MDSCs inhibit T cell metabolism by hoarding key amino acids, modulate T cell homing by cleaving L‐selectin, and prevent T cell activation by increasing PD‐L1 expression. Immunosuppressive M2 phenotype macrophages promote T cell anergy via increased nitric oxide (NO) and decreased arginine in hypoxia. Increased numbers of regulatory T cells are seen in hypoxia which prevent effector T cell activation through cytokine production and increased CTLA‐4. Effective immunotherapy for pancreatic adenocarcinoma and other solid tumors will need to help counteract the immunosuppressive nature of hypoxia‐induced changes in the tumor microenvironment. Promising studies will look at combination therapies involving checkpoint inhibitors, chemokine inhibitors, and possible targeting of hypoxia. While no model is perfect, assuring that models incorporate the effects of hypoxia on cancer cells, stromal cells, and effector immune cells will be crucial in developing successful therapies.
Prevalence and correlates of overweight and obesity among school children in an urban district in Ghana
Authors: Adom Theodosia , De Villiers Anniza , Puoane Thandi , Kengne André Pascal 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Background
There is limited data on risk factors associated with childhood overweight and obesity in Ghanaian school children. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of overweight and obesity and associated risk factors in Ghanaian school children.

Methods
Data for this study were obtained from a cross-sectional survey of 543 children aged 8 and 11 years, attending private and public primary schools in the Adentan Municipality of Greater Accra Region, Ghana. Anthropometric, dietary, physical activity, sedentary behaviours, sleep duration and socio-demographic data were collected. BMI-for-age Z-scores were used to classify children as overweight/obesity. Multivariable logistic regressions were used to assess the determinants of overweight and obesity.

Results
The overall prevalence of overweight/obesity was 16.4%. Children living in middle (OR = 1.88; 95% CI = 1.01–3.50) and high socioeconomic status (SES) households (2.58; 1.41–4.70) had increased odds of being overweight or obese compared to those living in low SES household. Attending private school (2.44; 1.39–4.29) and watching television for more than 2 h each day (1.72; 1.05–2.82) were significantly associated with increased likelihood of overweight and obesity. Children who slept for more than 9 h a night (0.53; 0.31–0.88) and walked or cycled to school (0.51; 0.31–0.82) had lower odds of being overweight or obese.

Conclusions
A number of modifiable risk factors were associated with overweight and obesity in this study. Public health strategies to prevent childhood obesity should target reduction in television watching time, promoting active transport to and from school, and increasing sleep duration.
Provisional Notes on Hydrocolonialism
Authors: Hofmeyr Isabel 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThis article discusses the meanings and applications of the rubric hydrocolonialism. Starting with a South African poem as an example, the piece sets out a definition of the term before outlining the existing literary scholarship that could fall under its umbrella. The article then turns to discuss hydrocolonial book history and what we might learn by tracing books on their oceanic journeys. One important node in these journeys was the port city, where customs and excise officials examined texts to see whether they were pirated, seditious, or obscene. These inspectors in effect functioned as censors and adjudicators of copyright. The article examines how these protocols worked in practice and concludes by discussing this dockside mode of reading as a hydrocolonial literary formation.
The Oceanic South
Authors: Samuelson Meg , Lavery Charne 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
This essay proposes the category of the oceanic South. It presents the Southern Hemisphere’s blue expanses as one of its defining features and elaborates from this a framework that brings into agitated contention the extractive economies of the North, the persistent legacies of settler colonialism in the South, and other interlocking human and more-than-human itineraries. Tracking a drift into the Southern Ocean in the fiction of J. M. Coetzee, the essay takes this “most neglected of oceans” as a vantage point from which to draw the contours of the oceanic South and engage its troubled surfaces and lively depths. Thinking through the roiling and hostile, fecund, and unbounded nature of this ocean, the essay follows “the lives of whales” in novels by Witi Ihimaera and Zakes Mda. Sounding the ocean’s imaginative depths, these fictions offer illuminating ways of thinking the South while maintaining an unsettling planetarity.
Mexican Manuscripts and the First Images of Africans in the Americas
Authors: Sifford Elena FitzPatrick 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAfricans in the Americas were first visually recorded by tlacuiloque, or indigenous artist-scribes, in mid-sixteenth-century Central Mexican manuscripts such as Diego Durán’s History, the Codex Telleriano-Remensis, and the Codex Azcatitlan. These figures, while often peripheral to the central narrative and never mentioned specifically by name, are nevertheless rendered as active agents in the shaping of a new colonial society. The article examines these images of Africans to reveal their ethnographic complexity and the development of concepts of alterity in the early contact period.
Across Archival Limits: Colonial Records, Changing Ethnonyms, and Geographies of Knowledge
Authors: Erbig Jeffrey A. , Latini Sergio 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
This article examines relationships between archival records produced in borderland spaces and the histories of autonomous (non-subjugated and non-missionized) Indigenous peoples. Focusing on the Banda Oriental region of Southeastern South America, it argues that the geographical content, dispersion, and curation of colonial records have served to silence Native pasts. As Portuguese, Spanish, and Jesuit administrators sought possession of this borderland, they overstated the reach of their own settlements and strategically ascribed ethnic labels to Indigenous neighbors to appropriate their lands or delegitimize their sovereignty. The geographical dispersion of colonial records over time has masked the inconsistencies of such claims, and colonial ethnogeographic imaginations thus persist. By reading colonial sources from multiple settlements against one another, this article identifies contradictions in the geographic and ethnographic information they provide, laying a foundation for new ethnogeographic imaginations that center the spaces and agency of autonomous Indigenous communities.
Ch’orti’, Lenca, and Pipil: An Onomastic Approach to Redefining the Sixteenth-Century Southeastern Maya Frontier
Authors: Johnson Erlend M. , Zúñiga Pastor Gómez , Kelly Mary Kate 
Published: April 2019

AbstractScholars argue that western Honduras was occupied by Ch’orti’ speakers in the sixteenth century. These reconstructions conform to nationalist pressures to present Honduras as Maya, by using Classic period (AD 200–900) archaeological remains together with sparsely available sixteenth-century documentation. Drawing on existing and newly discovered sources, this article uses an onomastic approach to interpret glossonyms (language names), anthroponyms (personal names), and toponyms (place-names) in order to reconstruct past linguistic territories. The results of the analysis suggest greater Lenca- and Pipil- and smaller Ch’orti’-speaking populations than once thought, and emphasize the multilinguistic and frontier nature of societies in western Honduras. This study also highlights the viability of onomastic approaches in reconstructing linguistic boundaries when source documents provide either vague or contradictory information about languages spoken.
Effect of intracerebroventricular epinephrine microinjection on blood pressure and urinary sodium handling in gestational protein-restricted male adult rat offspring
Authors: Cardoso Bárbara Vaccari , Custódio Augusto Henrique , Boer Patrícia Aline , Gontijo José Antonio Rocha 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACTIn this study, we hypothesized that blunting of the natriuresis response to intracerebroventricularly (ICV) microinjected adrenergic agonists is involved in the development of hypertension in maternal low-protein intake (LP) offspring. A stainless steel cannula was stereotaxically implanted into the right lateral ventricle (LV), then we evaluated the ICV administration of adrenergic agonists at increasing concentrations, and of α1 and α2-adrenoceptor antagonists on blood pressure and urinary sodium handling in LP offspring relative to an age-matched normal-protein intake (NP) group. We confirmed that epinephrine (Epi) microinjected into the LV of conscious NP rats leads to enhanced natriuresis followed by a reduction in arterial pressure. This response is associated with increased proximal and post-proximal sodium excretion accompanied by an unchanged glomerular filtration rate. The current study showed, in both NP and LP offspring, that the natriuretic effect of Epi injection into the LV was abolished by prior local microinjection of an α1-adrenoceptor antagonist (prazosin). Conversely, LV α2-adrenoceptor antagonist (yohimbine) administration potentiated the action of Epi. The LV yohimbine pretreatment normalized urinary sodium excretion and reduced the blood pressure in LP compared with age-matched NP offspring. These are, as far as we are aware, the first results showing the role of central adrenergic receptors’ interaction on hypertension pathogenesis in maternal LP fetal-programming offspring. This study also provides good evidence for the existence of central nervous system adrenergic mechanisms consisting of α1 and α2-adrenoceptors, which work reciprocally on the control of renal sodium excretion and blood pressure. Although the precise mechanism of the different natriuretic response of NP and LP rats is still uncertain, these results lead us to speculate that inappropriate neural adrenergic pathways might have significant effects on tubule sodium transport, resulting in the inability of the kidneys to control hydrosaline balance and, consequently, an increase in blood pressure.
One hundred years of Drosophila cancer research: no longer in solitude
Authors: Villegas Santiago Nahuel 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACT
When Mary Stark first described the presence of tumours in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster in 1918, would she ever have imagined that flies would become an invaluable organism for modelling and understanding oncogenesis? And if so, would she have expected it to take 100 years for this model to be fully accredited? This Special Article summarises the efforts and achievements of Drosophilists to establish the fly as a valid model in cancer research through different scientific periods.
Added value of contrast-enhanced mammography in assessment of breast asymmetries
Authors: Wessam Rasha , Gomaa Mohammed Mohammed Mohammed , Fouad Mona Ahmed , Mokhtar Sherif Mohamed , Tohamey Yasmin Mounir 
Published: April 2019

Objective: To evaluate the clinical performance of contrast-enhanced spectral mammography (CESM) on asymmetries detected on a mammogram (MG). Methods: This study was approved by the Scientific Research Review Board of the Radiology Department, and waiver of informed consent was applied for the uses of data of the included cases. The study included 125 female patients,33 (26.4%) who presented for screening and 92 (73.6%) who presented for a diagnostic MG. All had breast asymmetries on MG. Ultrasound examination and CESM using dual-energy acquisitions were performed for all patients. Results: In all, 88/125 (70.4%) females had focal asymmetry (seen in two views and occupying less than a quadrant), 26/125 (20.8%) had global asymmetry (occupying more than one quadrant), 10/125 (8%) had asymmetry (seen in a single view and occupying less than a quadrant), and 1/125 had developing asymmetry (0.8%) (not present in the previous MG). Malignant lesions represented 91 cases, benign lesions represented 30 cases, and 4 cases were high-risk lesions. CESM sensitivity was 100% (v s 97.8 % for sono-mammography), specificity was 55.88% (v s 81.8% for sono-mammography), and the positive- and negative-predictive values were 85.85 and 100% (v s 93.7 and 93% for sono-mammography respectively) . Conclusion: In our study, we conclude that focal and global asymmetries with other suspicious mammographic findings were statistically significant for malignancy and CESM played an important role in delineating tumor size and extension. Any non-enhancing asymmetrical density correlated with a benign pathology, if not associated with other suspicious imaging findings. Advances in knowledge: Our study is the first to explore the added value of CESM to asymmetries detected in screening and diagnostic mammography.
An interactive application for malaria elimination transmission and costing in the Asia-Pacific
Authors: Celhay Olivier J. , Silal Sheetal Prakash , Maude Richard James , Gran Mercado Chris Erwin , Shretta Rima , White Lisa Jane 
Published: April 2019

Leaders in the Asia-Pacific have endorsed an ambitious target to eliminate malaria in the region by 2030. The emergence and spread of artemisinin drug resistance in the Greater Mekong Subregion makes elimination urgent and strategic for the global goal of malaria eradication. Mathematical modelling is a useful tool for assessing and comparing different elimination strategies and scenarios to inform policymakers. Mathematical models are especially relevant in this context because of the wide heterogeneity of regional, country and local settings, which means that different strategies are needed to eliminate malaria. However, models and their predictions can be seen as highly technical, limiting their use for decision making. Simplified applications of models are needed to allow policy makers to benefit from these valuable tools. This paper describes a method for communicating complex model results with a user-friendly and intuitive framework. Using open-source technologies, we designed and developed an interactive application to disseminate the modelling results for malaria elimination. The design was iteratively improved while the application was being piloted and extensively tested by a diverse range of researchers and decision makers. This application allows several target audiences to explore, navigate and visualise complex datasets and models generated in the context of malaria elimination. It allows widespread access, use of and interpretation of models, generated at great effort and expense as well as enabling them to remain relevant for a longer period of time. It has long been acknowledged that scientific results need to be repackaged for larger audiences. We demonstrate that modellers can include applications as part of the dissemination strategy of their findings. We highlight that there is a need for additional research in order to provide guidelines and direction for designing and developing effective applications for disseminating models.