bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Building detection and regularisation using DSM and imagery information
Authors: Mousa Yousif A. , Helmholz Petra , Belton David , Bulatov Dimitri 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAn automatic method for the regularisation of building outlines is presented, utilising a combination of data‐ and model‐driven approaches to provide a robust solution. The core part of the method includes a novel data‐driven approach to generate approximate building polygons from a list of given boundary points. The algorithm iteratively calculates and stores likelihood values between an arbitrary starting boundary point and each of the following boundary points using a function derived from the geometrical properties of a building. As a preprocessing step, building segments have to be identified using a robust algorithm for the extraction of a digital elevation model. Evaluation results on a challenging dataset achieved an average correctness of 96·3% and 95·7% for building detection and regularisation, respectively.
A Common Base Answer to the Question “Which Country Is Most Redistributive?”*
Authors: Lambert Peter J. , Nesbakken Runa , Thoresen Thor O. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractWe believe that what most authors have in mind when referring to the “most redistributive country” is a tax and transfer schedule that is most redistributive across all pre‐tax and transfer income distributions. In order to measure each country's tax and transfer redistribution according to the same baseline, we suggest using the transplant‐and‐compare method of Dardanoni and Lambert (2002, Journal of Public Economics 86, 99–122) to establish a common base. The redistributive effects of countries’ tax and transfer schedules are illustrated by employing microdata on eight countries from the Luxembourg Income Study (LIS). Of these eight countries, Finland is found to be the most redistributive country, according to the common base method.
A double‐virally‐inactivated (Intercept–solvent/detergent) human platelet lysate for in vitro expansion of human mesenchymal stromal cells
Authors: Barro Lassina , Su Yu‐Ting , Nebie Ouada , Wu Yu‐Wen , Huang Yen‐Hua , Koh Mickey BC , Knutson Folke , Burnouf Thierry 
Published: March 2019

BACKGROUNDPooled human platelet lysate (HPL) can replace fetal bovine serum (FBS) as xeno‐free supplement for ex vivo expansion of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). We evaluate here whether a double‐virally‐inactivated HPL (DVI‐HPL) prepared from expired Intercept‐treated platelet concentrates (PCs) and treated by solvent/detergent (S/D) can be used for MSC expansion.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSExpired Intercept‐treated PCs in 65% platelet (PLT) additive solution were pooled and subjected to a 1% tri‐n‐butyl phosphate/1% Triton X‐45 treatment followed by soybean oil, hydrophobic interaction chromatography purification, and sterile filtration. Bone marrow–derived MSCs (BM‐MSCs) were expanded for four passages in growth medium containing 10% DVI‐HPL, I‐HPL (from Intercept‐PC only), untreated HPL, and FBS. MSC morphology, doubling time, immunophenotype, immunosuppressive activity, and differentiation capacity were compared.RESULTSExpanded cells had typical spindle morphology and showed higher viability in all HPL conditions than in FBS. The DVI‐HPL and FBS‐expanded cells were morphologically larger than in I‐HPL and HPL supplements. The cumulative population doubling was lower using DVI‐HPL than with HPL and I‐HPL, but significantly higher than using FBS. Immunophenotype was not affected by the supplements used. Immunosuppressive activity was maintained with all supplements. Differentiation capacity into chondrocytes and osteocytes was more effective in DVI‐HPL but less toward adipocytes compared to other supplements.CONCLUSIONSHuman PLT lysate made from Intercept‐PCs subjected to S/D treatment may be an alternative to untreated HPL and to I‐HPL for BM‐MSC expansion. This finding reinforces the potential of HPL as a virally safe alternative to FBS for clinical grade MSC expansion protocols.
Upper Extremity Morel-Lavallée Lesion in a Collegiate Football Player: A Case Report
Authors: Southall Kyle , Price Matt , Wisler Courtney 
Published: March 2019

A 20-year-old male collegiate football athlete reported a remarkably swollen elbow after direct contact with the ground. Initial radiographs and magnetic resonance imaging were negative for a fracture and soft tissue structural damage. After 2 weeks of conservative treatment, the athlete had no decrease in swelling and associated symptoms. He was diagnosed with a Morel-Lavallée lesion, later confirmed by diagnostic ultrasound imaging. The lesion was initially treated with compression therapy and cryotherapy to reduce swelling. Upon the final diagnosis the lesion was eventually incised, drained, and packed with iodoform sterile strips. It is hypothesized that many minor Morel-Lavallée cases are under- or misdiagnosed due to overlapping of signs and symptoms with other soft tissue traumas common in athletic populations. The procedures of this case can be utilized to optimize outcomes in future cases. While rare, Morel-Lavallée lesions can occur in athletic activities involving the upper extremity, and not solely crush injuries or traumatic and high-intensity accidents. This knowledge, along with the presented signs and symptoms, can give future healthcare professionals knowledge to include this diagnosis in their working differential diagnosis of injuries with similar presentations.
National Eye Survey of Trinidad and Tobago (NESTT): prevalence, causes and risk factors for presenting vision impairment in adults over 40 years
Authors: Braithwaite Tasanee , Verlander Nevile Q , Peto Tunde , Bartholomew Debra , Deomansingh Frank , Bridgemohan Petra , Saei Ayoub , Sharma Subash , Singh Deo , Ramsewak Samuel S , Bourne Rupert R A 
Published: March 2019

AimTo estimate the prevalence, causes and risk factors for presenting distance and near vision impairment (VI) in Trinidad and Tobago.MethodsThis is a national, population-based survey using multistage, cluster random sampling in 120 clusters with probability-proportionate-to-size methods. Stage 1 included standardised, community-based measurement of visual acuity. Stage 2 invited all 4263 people aged ≥40 years for comprehensive clinic-based assessment. The Moorfields Eye Hospital Reading Centre graded fundus photographs and optical coherence tomography images independently.ResultsThe response rates were 84.2% (n=3589) (stage 1) and 65.4% (n=2790) (stage 2), including 97.1% with VI. The mean age was 57.2 (SD 11.9) years, 54.5% were female, 42.6% were of African descent and 39.0% were of South Asian descent. 11.88% (95% CI 10.88 to 12.97, n=468) had distance VI (logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution [logMAR] >0.30), including blindness (logMAR >1.30) in 0.73% (95% CI 0.48 to 0.97, n=31), after adjustment for study design, non-response, age, sex and municipality. The leading causes of blindness included glaucoma (31.7%, 95% CI 18.7 to 44.8), cataract (28.8%, 95% CI 12.6 to 45.1) and diabetic retinopathy (19.1%, 95% CI 4.2 to 34.0). The leading cause of distance VI was uncorrected refractive error (47.4%, 95% CI 43.4 to 51.3). Potentially avoidable VI accounted for 86.1% (95% CI 82.88 to 88.81), an estimated 176 323 cases in the national population aged ≥40 years. 22.3% (95% CI 20.7 to 23.8, n=695) had uncorrected near VI (logMAR >0.30 at 40 cm with distance acuity <0.30). Significant independent associations with distance VI included increasing age, diagnosed diabetes and unemployment. Significant independent associations with near VI included male sex, no health insurance and unemployment.ConclusionsTrinidad and Tobago’s burden of avoidable VI exceeds that of other high-income countries. Population and health system priorities are identified to help close the gap.
Production of light flavored charged hadron in pp collisions at 900 GeV with hadron production models
Authors: Ajaz M. , Tufail M. , Ali Y. 
Published: March 2019

Differential yields of light flavored charged hadrons in [Formula: see text] collision at 0.9 TeV in the transverse momentum [Formula: see text] ranging from 0.1–2.5 GeV/c with pseudorapidity [Formula: see text] are presented here. The spectra obtained by Monte Carlo simulations with event generators — EPOS 1.99, EPOS-LHC, QGSJETII-04 and Sibyll2.3c — are compared with the ALICE measurements. For [Formula: see text] mesons, EPOS1.99, EPOS-LHC and QGSJETII-04 described the ALICE measurement very well almost in the entire [Formula: see text] range except QGSJETII-04 which underpredicts with [Formula: see text] below 0.4 GeV/c. The Sibyll2.3c model slightly overpredicts for [Formula: see text] GeV/c and underpredicts afterwards. For [Formula: see text] mesons, all models describe the experimental data qualitatively, except at high [Formula: see text], where the models slightly underpredict. The EPOS-LHC and QGSJETII-04 models, at low [Formula: see text], describe the distribution of the experimental measurements very well in both cases of protons and anti-protons, whereas the former underpredicts and the latter overpredicts at higher [Formula: see text]. The EPOS1.99 overpredicts at low [Formula: see text] below 1 GeV/c, whereas it reproduces the results well above it. Sibyll2.3c overpredicts the distribution over the entire range of [Formula: see text]. Models described the average transverse momentum [Formula: see text] of these hadron species as a function of their mass, showing small rise in the average [Formula: see text] with the mass of the particles. The same has been observed by the STAR collaboration with measurements in [Formula: see text] reactions at [Formula: see text] = 200 GeV and also in [Formula: see text] collisions at [Formula: see text] = 900 GeV.
Electromagnetic Casimir effect of concentric cylinders in (D + 1)-dimensional space–time
Authors: Chew Chun Yong , Goh Yong Kheng 
Published: March 2019

We study the electromagnetic Casimir interaction energy between two parallel concentric cylinders in [Formula: see text]-dimensional Minkowski space–time for different combinations of perfectly conducting boundary condition and infinitely permeable boundary condition. We consider two cases where one cylinder is outside each other and where one is inside the other. By solving the equation of motion and computing the TGTG formulas, explicit formulas for the Casimir interaction energy can be derived and asymptotic behavior of the Casimir interaction energy in the nanoregime is calculated by using perturbation technique. We computed the interaction energy analytically up to next-to-leading order term.
Comprehensive investigation of structural, dielectric and local piezoelectric properties of KNN ceramics
Authors: Kumari Poonam , Lal Madan , Kumar Sunil , Rai Radheshyam , Singh Anupinder , Karpinsky D. V. , Bdikin Igor 
Published: March 2019

In this research paper, we utilized the traditional high-temperature solid-state reaction method to fabricate the K[Formula: see text]Na[Formula: see text]NbO3, K[Formula: see text]Na[Formula: see text]NbO3 and K[Formula: see text]Na[Formula: see text]NbO3 (abbreviated as KNN-1, KNN-2, and KNN-3, respectively) lead-free ion deficient ceramics for understanding the influence of ionic deficiency on the crystalline structure and dielectric/piezoelectric properties of the samples. X-ray diffraction patterns of these samples exhibited a perovskite tetragonal phase. Dielectric anomalies around 287∘C and 471∘C were identified as ferroelectric to ferroelectric and ferroelectric to paraelectric-transition temperatures for KNN-2 at 1[Formula: see text]kHz. It was found that the composition KNN-2 exhibit relatively high Curie temperature i.e., 471∘C. The conductivity plots confirm that the activation energies are frequency-dependent. The impedance behavior in our ceramic samples can be analyzed with the bulk/grain effect. The slope of [Formula: see text] with temperature shows negative temperature coefficient of resistance (NTCR) type behavior in proposed KNN ceramics material.
Melanoma-Induced Reprogramming of Schwann Cell Signaling Aids Tumor Growth
Authors: Shurin Galina V. , Kruglov Oleg , Ding Fei , Lin Yan , Hao Xingxing , Keskinov Anton A. , You Zhaoyang , Lokshin Anna E. , LaFramboise William A. , Falo Louis D. , Shurin Michael R. , Bunimovich Yuri L. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe tumor microenvironment has been compared with a nonhealing wound involving a complex interaction between multiple cell types. Schwann cells, the key regulators of peripheral nerve repair, have recently been shown to directly affect nonneural wound healing. Their role in cancer progression, however, has been largely limited to neuropathic pain and perineural invasion. In this study, we showed that melanoma activated otherwise dormant functions of Schwann cells aimed at nerve regeneration and wound healing. Such reprogramming of Schwann cells into repair-like cells occurred during the destruction and displacement of neurons as the tumor expanded and via direct signaling from melanoma cells to Schwann cells, resulting in activation of the nerve injury response. Melanoma-activated Schwann cells significantly altered the microenvironment through their modulation of the immune system and the extracellular matrix in a way that promoted melanoma growth in vitro and in vivo. Local inhibition of Schwann cell activity following cutaneous sensory nerve transection in melanoma orthotopic models significantly decreased the rate of tumor growth. Tumor-associated Schwann cells, therefore, can have a significant protumorigenic effect and may present a novel target for cancer therapy.Significance:These findings reveal a role of the nerve injury response, particularly through functions of activated Schwann cells, in promoting melanoma growth.
Food composition of Indian Eagle Owl Bubo bengalensis Franklin (Aves: Strigiformes: Strigidae) from Tiruchirappalli District, Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Siva Tamilselvan , Neelanarayanan Periyasamy , Vasudeva Rao Vaidyula 
Published: March 2019

The diet of the Indian Eagle Owl was studied from April to September 2017 in Tiruchirapalli District, Tamil Nadu, India. Analysis of 1082 regurgitated pellets yielded 2077 prey items; the mean prey items/ pellet was 1.91. The diet constituted 65.1% of rodent prey and the remaining 34.83% of other groups of both vertebrate and invertebrate animals. The mean percentage of prey composition was 31.15% Millardia meltada Soft-furred Field Rat, 12.95% Bandicota bengalensis Lesser Bandicoot Rat, 10.25% Mus booduga Indian Field Mouse, and 10.24% of other rodent species. Of the 34.83% of non-rodent prey, the owls ingested insects (Rhinoceros beetles, 9.58%), Arachnida (Solifugae or Sun spider, Galeodes sp., 9.58%), reptiles (Calotes sp., 3.7%), amphibians (3.56%), shrews (Suncus murinus, 2.84%), and others (5.57%). The Indian Eagle Owls consumed more than one prey per day and chiefly foraged in agricultural crop fields and consumed both small mammals and insects of agricultural importance under crop ecosystems.
Weed diversity in rice crop fields of Fatehgarh Sahib District, Punjab, India
Authors: Singh Yadvinder , Singh Rai 
Published: March 2019

A total of 31 species of weeds belonging to 11 families was collected from rice fields in Fatehgarh District of Punjab between June and November 2017. Of the 31 species, 15 were dicots and 16 were monocots. Of the 11 families, six (Portulacaceae, Lythraceae, Solanaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Polygonaceae, and Commelinaceae) were represented by only one species each. Poaceae was the largest family represented by 10 species, followed by Asteraceae and Cyperaceae with five species each. The largest genus was Cyperus with four species, followed by Euphorbia, Echinochloa, and Eragrostis with two species each. Of the 31 weed species, 29 were annual and only two, Cyperus rotundus and Parthenium hysterophorus, were perennials. More detailed survey work is required on a regular basis to identify possible problematic weeds and new or improved control measures.
First records of Agnidra vinacea (Moore, 1879) (Lepidoptera: Drepanidae: Drepaninae) from the western Himalaya, extending its known range westwards
Authors: Dey Pritha , Sondhi Sanjay 
Published: March 2019

Reporting the range extension of Agnidra vinacea (Moore, 1879) from eastern Himalayas to Uttarakhand, western Himalayas. The individuals of the species were documented from western Himalayas by both opportunistic sighting and light-trapping method by using LepiLED. The species was also recorded from sites other than documented so far in the available literature from the eastern Himalaya.
NT‐proBNP as a Mediator of the Racial Difference in Incident Atrial Fibrillation and Heart Failure
Authors: Whitman Isaac R. , Vittinghoff Eric , DeFilippi Christopher R. , Gottdiener John S. , Alonso Alvaro , Psaty Bruce M. , Heckbert Susan R. , Hoogeveen Ron C. , Arking Dan E. , Selvin Elizabeth , Chen Lin Y. , Dewland Thomas A. , Marcus Gregory M. 
Published: March 2019

Background

Blacks harbor more cardiovascular risk factors than whites, but experience less atrial fibrillation (
AF
). Conversely, whites may have a lower risk of heart failure (
CHF
). N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide (
NT
‐pro
BNP)
levels are higher in whites, predict incident
AF
, and have diuretic effects in the setting of increased ventricular diastolic pressures, potentially providing a unifying explanation for these racial differences.

Methods and Results

We used data from the CHS (Cardiovascular Health Study) to determine the degree to which baseline
NT
‐pro
BNP
levels mediate the relationships between race and incident
AF
and
CHF
by comparing beta estimates between models with and without
NT
‐pro
BNP
. The ARIC (Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities) study was used to assess reproducibility. Among 4731
CHS
(770 black) and 12 418
ARIC
(3091 black) participants, there were 1277 and 1253 incident
AF
events, respectively. Whites had higher baseline
NT
‐pro
BNP
(
CHS
: 40% higher than blacks; 95%
CI
, 29–53;
ARIC
: 39% higher; 95%
CI
, 33–46) and had a greater risk of incident
AF
compared with blacks (
CHS
: adjusted hazard ratio, 1.60; 95%
CI
, 1.31–1.93;
ARIC
: hazard ratio, 1.93; 95%
CI
, 1.57–2.27).
NT
‐pro
BNP
levels explained a significant proportion of the racial difference in
AF
risk (
CHS
: 36.2%; 95%
CI
, 23.2–69.2%;
ARIC
: 24.6%; 95%
CI
, 14.8–39.6%). Contrary to our hypothesis, given an increased risk of
CHF
among whites in
CHS
(adjusted hazard ratio, 1.20; 95%
CI
, 1.05–1.47) and the absence of a significant association between race and
CHF
in
ARIC
(adjusted hazard ratio, 1.07; 95%
CI
, 0.94–1.23),
CHF
‐related mediation analyses were not performed.

Conclusions

A substantial portion of the relationship between race and
AF
was statistically explained by baseline
NT
‐pro
BNP
levels. No consistent relationship between race and
CHF
was observed.
Philosophical Anthropology and the Interpersonal Theory of the Affect of Shame
Authors: Rukgaber Matthew Stewart 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
This article argues that shame is fundamentally interpersonal. It is opposed to the leading interpretation of shame in the field of moral psychology, which is the cognitivist, morally rationally, autonomous view of shame as a negative judgment about the self. That view of shame abandons the social and interpersonal essence of shame. I will advance the idea, as developed by the tradition of philosophical anthropology and, in particular, in the works of Helmuth Plessner, Erwin Straus, F. J. J. Buytendijk, and Maurice Merleau-Ponty, that shame is a heteronomous affective response that is caused by a breakdown in our fundamental interpersonal connection with others. It is a feeling that comes from the denial of our basic need to live with others in a state of trusting acceptance.
Co-Authorship Network Analysis of Prevention Research Centers: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Marcelin Rose A. , Rabarison Kristina M. , Rabarison Monika K. 
Published: March 2019

Objective: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Prevention Research Centers (PRCs) collaborate on public health activities with community agencies and organizations. We evaluated these collaborations by studying the relationships between co-authors from the PRCs and community agencies that published at least 1 article together in the first year of the program. Methods: We identified all the authors of articles published by PRCs and collaborating members in peer-reviewed journals between September 2014 and September 2015 and constructed a network showing the links between and among all the authors. We characterized the network with 4 measures of social structure (network components, network density, average clustering coefficient, average distance) and 3 measures of individual author performances (degree-, betweenness-, and closeness-centrality). Results: The 413 articles had 1804 individual authors and 7995 co-authorship relationships (links) in 212 peer-reviewed journals. These authors and co-authors formed 44 separate, nonoverlapping groups (components). The largest “giant” component containing most of the links involved 66.3% (n = 1196) of the authors and 73.7% (n = 5889) of the links. We identified 136 “information brokers” (authors with high closeness centrality: those who have the shortest links to the most authors). Two authors with high betweenness centrality (who had the highest number of co-authors; 104 and 107) had the greatest ability to mediate co-authorships. Network density was low; only 0.5% of all potential co-authorships were realized (7995 actual co-authorship/1 628 110 potential co-authorships). Conclusion: Information brokers and co-authorship mediators should be encouraged to communicate more with each other to increase the number of collaborations between network members and, hence, the number of co-authorships.
Patients with deliberate self-harm attended in emergency setting at a tertiary care hospital: A 13-month analysis of clinical-psychiatric profile
Authors: Singh Swarndeep , Kumar Saurabh , Deep Raman 
Published: March 2019

Objectives To describe the pattern and clinical-psychiatric profile of patients presenting with deliberate self-harm attempt to an emergency setting. Methods The study involves the analysis of the case records of 109 consecutive patients with deliberate self-harm evaluated by the psychiatric emergency team at a premier, tertiary care hospital in India over a period of 13 months (January 2015–January 2016). Results Deliberate self-harm had a clinical prevalence of 16.4% (109/666) among total mental and behavioral emergencies attended in the same period. A large majority of attempters were in the age range of 18–39 years (84.4%), and females (58.7%) outnumbered males in total sample. Married females and unmarried males had significantly higher chances of attempting deliberate self-harm (χ2 = 6.57, p = 0.01). More than half (52.3%) of patients were found to have a diagnosable psychiatric illness at the time of presentation, most common being depressive disorder in 19.3% of overall sample. Past history of a psychiatric illness was evident in only 12.5% of patients. Common methods of deliberate self-harm were prescription drug/psychotropic overdose, poisoning with ingestion of phenyl cleaner or rat-killer poison. Significant gender differences were observed in the nature of precipitating events for deliberate self-harm, with interpersonal relationship problems being significantly more common in women (p = 0.03). Conclusion This study adds relevant and useful information on cross-cutting as well as gender-specific characteristics of patients presenting with deliberate self-harm attempt, from a developing country context. The study findings bear implications for designing interventions for primary and secondary prevention of such behavioral emergencies at a community level.