bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Lattice‐Oxygen‐Involved Reaction Pathway to Boost Urea Oxidation
Authors: Zhang Longsheng , Wang Liping , Lin Haiping , Liu Yunxia , Ye Jinyu , Wen Yunzhou , Chen Ao , Wang Lie , Ni Fenglou , Zhou Zhiyou , Sun Shigang , Li Youyong , Zhang Bo , Peng Huisheng 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe electrocatalytic urea oxidation reaction (UOR) provides more economic electrons than water oxidation for various renewable energy‐related systems owing to its lower thermodynamic barriers. However, it is limited by sluggish reaction kinetics, especially by CO2 desorption steps, masking its energetic advantage compared with water oxidation. Now, a lattice‐oxygen‐involved UOR mechanism on Ni4+ active sites is reported that has significantly faster reaction kinetics than the conventional UOR mechanisms. Combined DFT, 18O isotope‐labeling mass spectrometry, and in situ IR spectroscopy show that lattice oxygen is directly involved in transforming *CO to CO2 and accelerating the UOR rate. The resultant Ni4+ catalyst on a glassy carbon electrode exhibits a high current density (264 mA cm−2 at 1.6 V versus RHE), outperforming the state‐of‐the‐art catalysts, and the turnover frequency of Ni4+ active sites towards UOR is 5 times higher than that of Ni3+ active sites.
Parcellation‐based tractographic modeling of the dorsal attention network
Authors: Allan Parker G. , Briggs Robert G. , Conner Andrew K. , O'Neal Christen M. , Bonney Phillip A. , Maxwell Brian D. , Baker Cordell M. , Burks Joshua D. , Sali Goksel , Glenn Chad A. , Sughrue Michael E. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIntroductionThe dorsal attention network (DAN) is an important mediator of goal‐directed attentional processing. Multiple cortical areas, such as the frontal eye fields, intraparietal sulcus, superior parietal lobule, and visual cortex, have been linked in this processing. However, knowledge of network connectivity has been devoid of structural specificity.MethodsUsing attention‐related task‐based fMRI studies, an anatomic likelihood estimation (ALE) of the DAN was generated. Regions of interest corresponding to the cortical parcellation scheme previously published under the Human Connectome Project were co‐registered onto the ALE in MNI coordinate space and visually assessed for inclusion in the network. DSI‐based fiber tractography was performed to determine the structural connections between relevant cortical areas comprising the network.ResultsTwelve cortical regions were found to be part of the DAN: 6a, 7AM, 7PC, AIP, FEF, LIPd, LIPv, MST, MT, PH, V4t, VIP. All regions demonstrated consistent u‐shaped interconnections between adjacent parcellations. The superior longitudinal fasciculus connects the frontal, parietal, and occipital areas of the network.ConclusionsWe present a tractographic model of the DAN. This model comprises parcellations within the frontal, parietal, and occipital cortices principally linked through the superior longitudinal fasciculus. Future studies may refine this model with the ultimate goal of clinical application.
Effective Release of Intracellular Enzymes by Permeating the Cell Membrane with Hydrophobic Deep Eutectic Solvents
Authors: Cao Jun , Wu Rong , Dong Qihui , Zhao Linguo , Cao Fuliang , Su Erzheng 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAn efficient and green method is crucial for the recovery of intracellular biological products. The major drawbacks of the conventional cell disruption method are nonselectivity and enzyme denaturation. The permeability of hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents (DESs) to the cell membrane was studied, for the first time, and then hydrophobic DESs were innovatively applied to release intracellular enzymes from recombinant Escherichia coli. After optimization, a DES suspension of l‐menthol/oleic acid (0.5 %, v/v) showed the highest release yield of intracellular enzyme. Compared with that released by sonication, a release yield of phospholipase D (PLD) of up to 114.58 % was achieved, and the specific activity was increased by 1.96 times. The microstructure of the cell membrane under different treatments was observed by using an electron microscope to understand the permeation of DESs to the cell membrane. The feasibility and applicability of the proposed release method in industrial applications were also demonstrated. The effective and green release method of intracellular enzymes developed herein has bright prospects for industrial application to replace traditional cell disruption methods. A preliminary study on the permeability of hydrophobic DESs to the cell membrane showed that there would be a potential application prospect of hydrophobic DESs not only in releasing intracellular contents, but also in seeking new green penetrating agents.
Melatonin promotes osteoblastic differentiation and regulates PDGF/AKT signaling pathway
Authors: Zhu Guiling , Ma Bin , Dong Penghong , Shang Junjun , Gu Xiaochuan , Zi Ying 
Published: September 2019

AbstractMelatonin has been reported to participate in bone metabolism in recent studies. However, the underlying mechanism in melatonin‐mediated osteoblastic differentiation remains largely unknown. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of melatonin in osteoblastic differentiation. In the present study, additional melatonin significantly promoted osteoblastic differentiation of MC3T3‐E1 cells as evidenced by increased messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of osteogenic markers, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), collagen type I α1 chain, osteocalcin, and runt‐related transcription factor 2 (Runx2). It was noteworthy that the expression level of platelet‐derived growth factor subunit B (PDGFB) and content of its homodimer PDGF‐BB were remarkably increased after melatonin administration. Moreover, the mRNA levels of phosphorylated PDGFRβ (PDGF receptor β) and Akt, a serine/threonine‐specific protein kinase, were significantly upregulated in melatonin‐treated MC3T3‐E1 cells determined by a real‐time polymerase chain reaction. Besides, by performing alizarin red staining, osteoblastic differentiation of MC3T3‐E1 cells was conspicuously promoted by melatonin, which could be partially attenuated by crenolanib, a PDGFR inhibitor. Similarly, results from immunofluorescence and western blot assay showed that melatonin‐induced upregulation of Runx2 and phosphorylated Akt was suppressed by crenolanib. Akt inhibition by MK‐2206 also suppressed osteoblastic differentiation. Furthermore, by in vivo assay, additional melatonin promoted osteoblastic differentiation in mice with femoral fracture, and obvious callus formation was observed in melatonin‐treated mice 5 weeks after fracture. Melatonin supplement also inhibited osteoclastic differentiation in mice. All statistical analysis was performed using GraphPad Prism and a P < 0.05 was deemed to be significant. To summarize, we demonstrate that melatonin promotes osteoblastic differentiation in MC3T3‐E1 cells and enhances fracture healing in mouse femoral fracture model and regulates PDGF/AKT signaling pathway.
Chemical ablation of ventricular tachycardia arising from the left ventricular summit
Authors: Okishige Kaoru , Nakamura Rena , Yamauchi Yasuteru , Keida Takehiko , Sasano Tetsuo , Hirao Kenzo 
Published: September 2019

Key Clinical MessageVentricular tachycardia (VT) arising from the left ventricular summit is very tough to treat endocardially and epicardially due to the distance from the VT origin and close proximity to the coronary arteries, respectively. Ethanol infusions into coronary veins feeding VT origins were able to safely abolish this type of VT.
Iron(II) Sulfate(VI) from Titania Production as a Raw Material for Preparation of Hydrogen Sulfide Sorbents
Authors: Pilczuk Szymon , Wróbel Rafał , Pietrzak Robert , Przepiórski Jacek 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA hybrid sorbent material for removal of hydrogen sulfide from air was developed. The material is based on activated carbon and iron compounds obtained from waste iron(II) sulfate(VI) heptahydrate. The iron salt is deposited on the carbonaceous support and subjected to oxidation (Fe2+ to Fe3+) using atmospheric oxygen under alkaline conditions. An effect of H2O2 addition to the process on the composition of the resultant material was also examined. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analyses confirmed easy conversion of waste FeSO4·7H2O to iron oxides Fe3O4 and FeOOH. The activated carbon supporting iron oxides revealed a higher efficiency in H2S elimination from air compared to the commercial activated carbon, without any modification.
Process Intensification of Living Cationic Polymerization of Isobutylene by a Flow Reaction System
Authors: Toyoda Tomoyuki , Ohishi Takahiro , Yamanaka Yoshimichi , Yoshimi Tomoyuki 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIncreasing the reaction temperature of the living cationic polymerization of isobutylene is crucial for industrial production due to the cost of refrigeration. The reaction temperature increase was achieved with an accelerated reaction rate using a flow reaction system. The polymerization conditions, including the flow reactor design, were based on the results of kinetic studies. Utilizing a milli‐scale flow reactor, polyisobutylene, which has a narrow molecular weight distribution, was obtained within a considerably short residence time at a high temperature. Furthermore, it was confirmed that the value of Mw/Mn correlates with the product of the Reynolds number and the angle of collision.
Rational Design of Dual‐State Emission Luminogens with Solvatochromism by Combining a Partially Shared Donor–Acceptor Pattern and Twisted Structures
Authors: Qiu Qianqian , Xu Pengfei , Zhu Yanjun , Yu Junru , Wei Mengru , Xi Wenbin , Feng Hui , Chen Jianrong , Qian Zhaosheng 
Published: September 2019

AbstractWe report a general design strategy for a new class of luminogens with dual‐state emission (DSEgens) that are brightly emissive in both the solution and solid state, with solvatochromism properties, by constructing a partially shared donor–acceptor pattern based on a twisted molecule. The DSEgens with bright fluorescence emission in both the solid and solution state demonstrate a unique solvatochromism behaviour depending on solvent polarity and thus may have applications in anti‐counterfeiting.
Formal Aniline Synthesis from Phenols through Deoxygenative N‐Centered Radical Substitution
Authors: Lardy Samuel W. , Luong Kristine C. , Schmidt Valerie A. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractPhenolic, lignin‐derived substrates have emerged as desirable biorenewable chemical feedstocks for coupling reactions. A radical‐mediated conversion of phenol derivatives to anilines is reported, using unfunctionalized hydroxamic acids as the N‐centered radical source. The applicability of this triethyl phosphite mediated O‐atom transfer approach, which tolerates a range of steric and electronic demands to naturally occurring phenols and lignin models, has been demonstrated in this work to access the corresponding aniline derivatives.
A Glucose‐Responsive Polymer Nanocarrier Based on Sulfonated Resorcinarene for Controlled Insulin Delivery
Authors: Sergeeva Tatiana Yu. , Mukhitova Rezeda K. , Nizameev Irek R. , Kadirov Marsil K. , Sapunova Anastasia S. , Voloshina Alexandra D. , Mukhametzyanov Timur A. , Ziganshina Albina Y. , Antipin Igor S. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA nanocarrier (p(6SRA‐5B)) for glucose‐controlled insulin delivery consists of sulfonated resorcinarenes (SRA) that are assembled into a spherical shell and are attached to each other with phenylboronate linkers. p(6SRA‐5B) is stable in water and blood plasma at normal glucose concentrations. At high glucose levels (>5 mM), p(6SRA‐5B) dissociates into SRA and phenylboronates through competitive interaction with excess glucose. Insulin was successfully encapsulated into the cavity of p(6SRA‐5B) and its release was investigated in water and blood plasma by NMR, UV, CD, and fluorescence spectroscopy. The results show that the dissociation of the nanocarrier and the insulin release occurs with an increase in glucose concentration. At 5 mM glucose, the nanocarrier is stable, and the insulin release does not exceed 10 %. Increasing the glucose concentration to 7.5–10 mM results in a 40–100 % insulin release. p(6SRA‐5B) is thus a promising insulin nanocarrier for the treatment of type 1 diabetes.
Gram‐Scale Preparation of C‐Terminal‐Modified Enkephalin Analogues by Typical Liquid‐Phase Peptide Synthesis
Authors: Lee Yeon Sun 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis article describes the gram‐scale liquid‐phase peptide synthesis of C‐terminal‐modified enkephalin analogues that possess high analgesic efficacy in animals, high potency for mu and delta opioid receptors, and high metabolic stability and potential blood–brain barrier permeability. Despite the long cycle time and tedious purification steps, liquid‐phase synthesis is still a preferred method for large‐scale peptide synthesis due to its cost effectiveness (i.e., amount of amino acids and reagents required), easy detection, and isolation of impurities compared with solid‐phase synthesis. A robust liquid‐phase synthesis protocol is described, involving BOP‐assisted coupling and Boc deprotection, which has been well established in the laboratory and is a useful synthetic protocol for cost‐effective production of peptide drugs. © 2019 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Variations in odontological care routines for patients undergoing treatment for head and neck cancer in county councils/regions of Sweden
Authors: Bohm Niklas , Karlsson Charlott , Skoogh Andersson Jessica , Almståhl Annica 
Published: September 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate current odontological care routines for patients treated for head and neck cancers in the county councils/regions (C/Rs) of Sweden.MethodsAn invitation to fill in a web‐based questionnaire was sent to dentists/dental hygienists working in dental clinics in the 12 C/Rs, treating and responsible for the odontological care of patients undergoing treatment for cancer of the head and neck. The questionnaire started with two mandatory and one non‐mandatory questions, followed by questions regarding routines before (n = 28), during (n = 23), and after (n = 9) treatment, plus two additional questions, totalling 65 questions.ResultsFour dental hygienists and six dentists in 10 of the 12 C/Rs answered the questionnaire. Three C/Rs stated that they measure both the unstimulated and stimulated salivary secretion rate, and another C/R stated that they measure the stimulated secretion rate only. Similar recommendations were given regarding oral hygiene, salivary stimulants and substitutes, and extra fluoride. However, great variations were seen regarding recommendations for preventing and relieving oral mucositis. There were also discrepancies regarding information about the importance of avoiding smoking and alcohol. In seven C/Rs, patients visited the dental hygienist once a week during cancer treatment.ConclusionThe results suggests that there are great variations in odontological care given to patients undergoing treatment for cancer of the head and neck region in different county councils/regions in Sweden. There is a need to develop and implement evidence‐based guidelines to decrease the risk of oral complications and increase both the quality of life and the quality of care.
Study of SiC device for pulsed power switching circuit
Authors: Tagawa Toru , Yamashita Tomohiko , Sakugawa Takashi , Katsuki Sunao , Hukuda Kenzi , Sakamoto Kunihiro 
Published: September 2019

AbstractPulsed power generator using semiconductor switches have been developed. We have developed switching module using discrete type Silicon Carbide (SiC) Device for pulsed power circuit. We compare the switching module using SiC‐MOSFETs with conventional module using IGBTs. Both of switching devices the switching loss increased when the voltage get higher. The switching module using SiC‐MOSFETs can input higher voltage and has less switching loss in same input voltage. Also, we have investigate the switching loss depend on di/dt at switching. The permissible di/dt of SiC‐MOSFETs was higher than IGBTs. However, there is a limit to the value of permissible di/dt. The loss in this module is reduced by applying magnetic assist. The advantage of SiC‐MOSFET was confirmed in switching for pulsed power.
Multidentate Pyridyl‐Aminophosphinite and Pyridyl‐Phosphoramidite Ruthenium(II) Complexes: Synthesis, Structure and Application as Levulinic Acid Hydrogenation Pre‐Catalysts
Authors: Amenuvor Gershon , Rono Charles K. , Darkwa James , Makhubela Banothile C. E. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is Banothile Makhubela from the University of Johannesburg, South Africa. The cover image shows a picturesque African sunrise signifying a new dawn with the opportunity to develop a sustainable future.
Integrated Study of Qualitative Olive and Oil Production from Three Important Varieties Grown in Calabria (Southern Italy)
Authors: Mafrica Rocco , Piscopo Amalia , De Bruno Alessandra , Pellegrino Paolo , Zappia Angela , Zappia Rocco , Poiana Marco 
Published: September 2019

AbstractOlive ripening, climate conditions, geographic area, and cultivar may influence the composition and quality of olive oils. This study aims to identify the optimal harvesting period for qualitative production of three cultivars grown in Calabria. The obtained results show that all the olive oils produced in October are classified as extra virgin, and then their quality decreases gradually, in particular in Grossa di Gerace olives, grown in a typical hot‐dry area. Oleic acid content in the oil is related to the temperature exposition during fruit growth. Considering oil yield and quality, the optimal harvesting times are identified in the first part of the month of October (142–158 days after full bloom) for Grossa di Gerace olive and in the second and last week of October (142–165 days after full bloom) for Ottobratica and Sinopolese.Practical Applications: This study investigates with a holistic approach the development and maturation of drupes and the quality of oils obtained at two harvesting times. The strong correlation between olive ripening index and the other studied parameters prove that it is a valid index for olive growers to identify the optimal harvesting period for the three Calabrian olive cultivars. To obtain high mechanical harvest efficacy, this study suggests the use of trunk shakers to Grossa di Gerace olives and mechanical beaters to Ottobratica and Sinopolese.
Plasma‐functionalized Highly Aligned CNT‐based Biosensor for Point of Care Determination of Glucose in Human Blood Plasma
Authors: Azimi Shamim , Farahani Ali , Sereshti Hassan 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIn this study, a new method for modification of vertically aligned carbon nanotube arrays (VACNTs) for selective detection of glucose was developed. VACNTs were grown by chemical vapor deposition method on a silicon substrate deposited with alumina as a buffer layer and iron as a catalyst using radio frequency (RF) sputtering and electron beam evaporation, respectively. The surface of the electrode was modified with electrodeposition of polyaniline (PANI) followed by covalent attachment of glucose oxidase (GOx). The electrode was characterized using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), micro‐Raman spectroscopy, and attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (ATR‐FTIR) techniques. Cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry were used to investigate the electrochemical behavior of the electrode. The fabricated electrode was successfully employed as a point‐of‐care (POC) biosensor for the detection of glucose in human blood plasma. The detection limit was 1.1 μM, and the sensitivity was 620 μA mM−1 cm−2 at the linear range of 2–426 μM.
Accurate and time‐efficient negative binomial linear model for electric load forecasting in IoE
Authors: Daraghmi Yousef‐Awwad , Daraghmi Eman Yaser , Alsaadi Samer , Eleyan Derar 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAccurate and efficient model predictive control (MPC) is essential for Internet of energy (IoE) to enable active real‐time control, decentralized demand‐supply balance, and dynamic energy management. The MPC consists of short‐term electric load forecasting, whose accuracy is affected by the load characteristics, such as overdispersion, autocorrelation, and seasonal patterns. The forecasting efficiency depends on the computational time that is required to produce accurate results and is affected by the IoE data volume. Although several fundamental short‐term forecasting models have been proposed, more accurate and efficient models are needed for IoE. Therefore, we propose a novel forecasting temporal negative binomial linear model (NBLM) that handles overdispersion and captures nonlinearity of electric load. We also classify the load into low, moderate, and high intraday seasons to increase the forecast accuracy by modeling the autocorrelation in each season, separately. The temporal NBLM was evaluated using real‐world data from Jericho city, and its results were compared to other forecasting models. The temporal NBLM is found more accurate than the other models as the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) is reduced by 29% compared to the ARMA model. In addition, the proposed model is more efficient as its running time is reduced by 63% in the training phase and by 87% in the forecast phase compared to the Holt‐Winter model. This increase in accuracy and efficiency makes the proposed model applicable for load forecasting in IoE contexts where data volume is large and load is highly fluctuated, is overdispersed, is autocorrelated, and follows seasonal patterns.
Systematic Consideration of Parameter Uncertainty and Variability in Probabilistic Species Sensitivity Distributions
Authors: Wigger Henning , Kawecki Delphine , Nowack Bernd , Adam Véronique 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The calculation of a species sensitivity distribution (SSD) is a commonly accepted approach to derive the predicted no-effect concentration (PNEC) of a substance in the context of environmental risk assessment. The SSD approach usually is data demanding and incorporates a large number of ecotoxicological values from different experimental studies. The probabilistic SSD (PSSD) approach is able to fully consider the variability between different exposure conditions and material types, which is of great importance when constructing an SSD for any chemical, especially for nanomaterials. The aim of our work was to further develop the PSSD approach by implementing methods to better consider the uncertainty and variability of the input data. We incorporated probabilistic elements to consider the uncertainty associated with uncertainty factors by using probability distributions instead of single values. The new PSSD method (named “PSSD+”) computes 10 000 PSSDs based on a Monte Carlo routine. For each PSSD calculated, the hazardous concentration for 5% of species (HC5) was extracted to provide a PNEC distribution based on all data available and their associated uncertainty. The PSSD+ approach also includes the option to consider a species weighting according to a typically constituted biome. We applied this PSSD+ approach to a previously published data set on C nanotubes and Ag nanoparticles. The evaluation of the uncertainty factor distributions and species weighting have shown that the proposed PSSD method is robust with respect to the calculation of the PNEC value. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the PSSD+ can handle both small and more comprehensive data sets because the PNEC distributions are a close representation of the data available. Finally, the sensitivity testing toward data set variations showed that the maximum variation of the mean PNEC was of a factor of about 2, so that the method is relatively insensitive to missing data points as long as the most sensitive species is included. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2020;16:211–222. © 2019 SETAC