bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Les futurs en arabe de Tripoli (Libye) : temporalité, aspectualité et modalités
Authors: Benmoftah Najah , Pereira Christophe 
Published: February 2019

L’arabe de Tripoli contemporain possède divers marqueurs qui permettent d’exprimer différents futurs : le participe actif, la conjugaison préfixale nue et trois préverbes (b-, ḥā- et taw-). Le but de cette étude est de déterminer précisément la ou les fonction(s) de chacun de ces marqueurs, afin d’en préciser le sémantisme, par le biais d’une approche transcatégorielle, qui considère la façon dont vont s’entrecroiser les catégories du temps, de l’aspect et des modalités. Ces catégories linguistiques coexistent et se manifestent à des degrés différents, permettant à quatre « futurs » de se distinguer : le participe actif exprime l’aspect prospectif et nomme un procès situé en contigüité avec le moment d’énonciation, avec valeur de certitude ; la conjugaison préfixale nue exprime un futur aspectuel en rupture avec le moment de l’énonciation, donc non certain ; le préverbe ḥā- exprime un futur de certitude, mais en rutpure avec le moment d’énonciation ; le préverbe taw- exprime un futur d’engagement : l’énonciateur s’engage au moment de l’acte de parole à réaliser une action dans un futur situé en rupture avec le moment d’énonciation, donc dans le domaine du non certain. Quant au préverbe b-, il dit l’intention ; il marque en outre l’antériorité dans les subordonnées temporelles ; il exprime enfin l’éventuel et l’irréel.
Magnetic resonance imaging radiomic feature analysis of radiation-induced femoral head changes in prostate cancer radiotherapy
Authors: Abdollahi Hamid , Mahdavi Seied Rabi , Shiri Isaac , Mofid Bahram , Bakhshandeh Mohsen , Rahmani Kazem 
Published: February 2019

Background and Purpose:
As a feasible approach, radiotherapy has a great role in prostate cancer (Pca) management. However, Pca patients have an increased risk of femoral head damages including fractures after radiotherapy. The mechanisms of these complications are unknown and time of manifestations is too long; however, they may be predicted by early imaging. The main purpose of this study was to assess the early changes in femoral heads in Pca patients treated with intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) using multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) radiomic feature analysis.

Materials and Methods:
Thirty Pca patients treated with IMRT were included in the study. All patients underwent two mpMRI pre- and postradiotherapy. Thirty-four robust radiomic features were extracted from T1, T2, and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) obtained from diffusion-weighted images. Wilcoxon signed-rank test was performed to assess the significance of the change in the mean T1, T2, and ADC radiomic features postradiotherapy relative to preradiotherapy values. The percentage change values were normalized based on the natural logarithm base ten. Features were also ranked based on their median changes.

Results:
Sixty femoral heads were analyzed. All radiomic features have undergone changes. Significant postradiotherapy radiomic feature changes were observed in 20 and 5 T1- and T2-weighted radiomic features, respectively (P < 0.05). ADC features did not vary significantly postradiotherapy. The mean radiation dose received by femoral heads was 40 Gy. No fractures were observed within the follow-up time. Different features were found as high ranked among T1, T2, and ADC images.

Conclusion:
Early structural change analysis using radiomic features may contribute to predict postradiotherapy fracture in Pca patients. These features can be identified as being potentially important imaging biomarkers for predicting radiotherapy-induced femoral changes.
Siouxsie and the Banshees' Peepshow
Authors: Bennett Samantha 
Published: February 2019

In 1978, Siouxsie and the Banshees declared 'We don't see ourselves in the same context as other rock'n'roll bands.' A decade later, and in the stark aftermath of a devastating storm, the band retreated to a 17th-century mansion house in the deracinated Sussex countryside to write their ninth studio album, Peepshow. Here, the band absorbed the bygone, rural atmosphere and its inspirational mise en scène, thus framing the record cinematically, as Siouxsie Sioux recalled, 'It was as if we were doing the whole thing on the set of The Wicker Man'.
Samantha Bennett looks at how Siouxsie and the Banshees' Peepshow is better understood in the context of film and film music (as opposed to popular music studies or, indeed, the works of other rock'n'roll bands). Drawing upon more than one hundred films and film scores, this book focuses on Peepshow's deeply embedded historical and aesthetic (para)cinematic influences: How is each track a reflection of genre film? Who are the various featured protagonists? And how does Peepshow's diverse orchestration, complex musical forms, atypical narratives and evocative soundscapes reveal an inherently cinematic record? Ultimately, Peepshow can be read as a soundtrack to all the films Siouxsie and the Banshees ever saw. Or perhaps it was the soundtrack to the greatest film they never made.
Blood Transfusion Trends in Primary and Revision Total Joint Arthroplasty: Recent Declines Are Not Shared Equally
Authors: Kimball Chloe C. , Nichols Christine I. , Vose Joshua G. 
Published: February 2019

Introduction:
This study examined whether recent nationwide declines in the incidence of transfusion following total joint arthroplasty were equal across inpatient facilities.

Methods:
This analysis used the Premier database (2010 to 2015). Cohorts of primary total hip or knee arthroplasty (THA or TKA) and revision THA or TKA were defined.

Results:
Among 1,013,024 patients who met selection criteria, the overall incidence of transfusion declined from 2010 through 2015 (primary THA: 22.1% to 7.1%; primary TKA: 18.1% to 3.2%; revision THA: 30.6% to 18.5%; and revision TKA: 19.8% to 9.8%; all P < 0.001). However, patients older than 65 years were associated with lower odds of transfusion relative to those younger than 65 years (P < 0.05 for three of four cohorts); smaller hospitals were associated with higher odds versus large hospitals (P < 0.05 all cohorts), and academic hospitals were associated with higher odds of transfusion versus community facilities (P < 0.05 for three of four cohorts).

Discussion:
During this study period, a meaningful proportion of total joint arthroplasty procedures were performed at facilities with the most room to improve. Decreases in transfusion rates were dependent on specific hospital characteristics; these results may help direct targeted improvement initiatives.

Level of Evidence:
Level III
Oral Opioids Are Overprescribed in the Opiate-Naive Patient Undergoing Total Joint Arthroplasty
Authors: Huang Philip S. , Copp Steven N. 
Published: February 2019

Introduction:
The opioid epidemic in the United States continues to escalate and contribute to potentially preventable deaths. Because many opioid addictions begin with prescription medication, focus on limiting exposure and decreasing availability are essential. This study identifies the average number of opioid pills consumed following primary total knee and hip arthroplasty (TKA and THA) at our institution in opiate-naive patients to provide an estimate of medication required. We hypothesized that the average number of pills consumed for both TKA and THA was significantly less than the amount prescribed at discharge.

Methods:
We prospectively evaluated 99 consecutive patients undergoing primary TKA (51) and THA (48). Patient characteristics and opioid prescription information were pulled from review of medical records. Patients brought remaining pain medications to their first follow-up visit (30 days). We calculated the number of pills consumed. Pill consumption was converted into opioid morphine equivalents. Current pain level and the need for pain medication refill were assessed.

Results:
Median number of pills prescribed over 30 days was 90 for both TKA and THA. Median number of pain pills consumed was 67 in TKA patients and 37 in THA patients (P < 0.001). Higher oral morphine equivalent consumption was seen in TKA patients compared with THA patients. Mean pain scores of TKA and THA patients were 3.2 and 1.8, respectively (P = 0.002). Also, TKA patients were 5 times more likely to require a refill (P = 0.006) compared with THA patients.

Discussion:
Pain medication was significantly overprescribed by more than 34% in TKA and 140% in THA. Prescribing practices of narcotic pain medications following total joint arthroplasty result in significantly excess amount of opioids available for potential abuse.
De lange mars van het voorzorgsbeginsel: redding van de bij?
Authors: Fleurke F.M. 
Published: February 2019

De lange mars van het voorzorgsbeginsel: redding van de bij?
Na ruim tien jaar op de interne markt te zijn toegelaten, heeft de Commissie drie omstreden gewasbestrijdingsmiddelen (neonicotinoïden) verboden waarvan een causaal verband met bijensterfte in Europa werd vermoed. Vanwege wetenschappelijke onzekerheid hierover was het verbod gebaseerd op het voorzorgsbeginsel. Het beroep tegen deze toepassing van het beginsel is door het Gerecht in dit arrest ongegrond verklaard. Het is daarmee het eerste arrest waarin met zoveel woorden en zoveel overtuiging het voorzorgsbeginsel wordt getoetst en toegepast. Ondanks deze voorlopige zege voor de bescherming van milieu en menselijke gezondheid is het afwachten of de transitie naar een duurzaam gebruik van bestrijdingsmiddelen zal plaatsvinden. Dit hangt vooral samen met fundamentele vragen over de verhouding tussen de wetenschap en de politieke besluitvorming.Gerecht 17 mei 2018, gevoegde zaken T-429/13 en T-451/13, Bayer CropScience AG en Syngenta Crop Protection AG/Europese Commissie, ECLI:EU:T:2018:280.
Keeoukaywin: The Visiting Way - Fostering an Indigenous Research Methodology
Authors: Gaudet Janice Cindy 
Published: February 2019

Decolonizing research methodologies are increasingly becoming the forefront of research with, for and/or by Indigenous peoples. This paper aims to highlight an Indigenous research methodology that emerged from a Metis researcher’s relation with Omushkego people from Moose Cree First Nation (Moose Factory, Ontario, Canada) during my doctoral research from 2012 to 2016. The contents of the article represent a decolonizing process of doing research with a broader research aim to make links between land-based pedagogy and milo pimatisiwin (good life). It is with the Omushkego people of Moose Cree First Nation and how the community itself led me to remember, to reclaim and to regenerate what I came to identity as Keeoukaywin meaning the Visiting Way. With relationality at its core, the Visiting Way - Keeoukaywin - re-centers Metis and Cree ways of being as a practical and meaningful methodology to foster milo pimatisiwin, living and being well in relation. The study shows how an Indigenous research methodology promotes self-recognition in relation to the land, history, community and values and demystifies our own epistemic relation to historical truths.
Assessment of Maneuverability in Waves
Authors: Shigunov Vladimir 
Published: February 2019

Maneuverability of ships is presently standardized (normed) by rules of classification societies, shipowner requirements, and International Maritime Organization (IMO) standards for ship maneuverability. The latter address turning, initial turning, yaw checking, course keeping, and emergency stopping abilities, evaluated in simple standard maneuvers in calm water, and have practically become an industry standard. However, these standards do not address ship maneuverability in adverse weather conditions; after the introduction of the energy efficiency design index (EEDI), the importance of this issue increased because of concerns that propulsion and steering abilities of ships may become insufficient if EEDI requirements are achieved by simply reducing the installed power. To provide a rational basis for the standardization of maneuverability of ships in adverse weather conditions, relevant criteria, measures, and standards need to be developed, as well as efficient ways to evaluate the criteria in practical design and approval, keeping in mind that, on the one hand, maneuvering in waves is a difficult hydrodynamic problem, presently tackled in research projects in few centers worldwide, and, on the other hand, simple practical regulations are urgently required to be routinely used in design and approval of all new-built ships as a part of EEDI requirements. Obviously, this contradiction requires significant simplifications. The aim of this study was to outline possible approaches to practical assessment, based on a sequence of pragmatic simplifications and leading to practical assessment procedures of various complexity (some of which are implemented in the presently acting 2013 Interim Guidelines for determining minimum propulsion power to maintain the maneuverability of ships in adverse conditions, and in other proposals), validate the proposed simplifications, and summarize remaining difficulties.

1. Introduction
Maneuverability of ships is presently standardized (normed) by rules of classification societies, shipowner requirements, and nonmandatory (but gaining increasing acceptance by administrations and classification societies) IMO standards for ship maneuverability (IMO 2002), which address turning, initial turning, yaw checking, course keeping, and emergency stopping abilities, evaluated in simple standard maneuveres in calm water. These standards do not address ship maneuverability in adverse conditions, which requires, on the one hand, evaluation of ship-specific environmental forces and, on the other hand, assessment of the ability of the ship's steering and propulsion systems to overcome these forces.
¿Quién estudia en la universidad? La dimensión social de la universidad española en la segunda década del siglo XXI
Authors: Herrera Cuesta Damián 
Published: February 2019

En la Cumbre de Gotemburgo, celebrada el 17 de noviembre de 2017, fue proclamado por los estados miembros de la Unión Europea, el Pilar Europeo de los Derechos Sociales, documento con el que se quiere materializar el deseo colectivo de trabajar juntos por una Europa más social. Este artículo aborda el estudio sobre el grado de «Equidad participativa» del sistema universitario en España, a partir de las condiciones socioeconómicas y educativas de los jóvenes estudiantes de nuevo ingreso. Para su análisis, se han comparado la ocupación y los estudios de los progenitores, con la población general de edad equivalente (convencionalmente entre 40 y 59 años), e igual posición ocupacional y nivel de estudios alcanzado. Los resultados obtenidos, evidencian la existencia de una infrarrepresentación severa del estudiantado con bajoCapital Educativo, así como también del estudiantado con bajo Capital Socioeconómico. En el curso 2015/16, el porcentaje de estudiantes universitarios de nuevo ingreso, cuyos progenitores se encontraban ocupados en empleos no cualificados y elementales, apenas representaban el 9,12 % y el 7,62 % (padre y madre, respectivamente), del estudiantado universitario en España.
Discursos de las becarias y los becarios en torno al nuevo sistema de becas y ayudas al estudio en la Universidad
Authors: Langa Rosado Delia 
Published: February 2019

A partir de 2013 se ha experimentado en España un giro en el sistema de becas universitarias que las ha hecho más competitivas y sujetas al rendimiento académico. Nos hemos acercado a esta temática a través de las experiencias de los propios estudiantes con beca y para ello hemos analizado los discursos producidos por medio de 31 entrevistas abiertas. En este texto nos centraremos en las opiniones y representaciones de los sujetos entrevistados sobre estas transformaciones e intentaremos descifrar el concepto de equidad que manejan. A pesar de los mayores esfuerzos, académicos y económicos, que implica la apuesta universitaria en el actual contexto, sus pareceres sobre la reformade las becas se muestran escasamente críticos, o bastante ambivalentes. Intentaremos ofrecer alguna interpretación sobre esto en clave de debilitamiento de la concepción de la educación como derecho ciudadano.
¿Qué se puede hacer para mejorar la convivencia en secundaria? La voz del alumnado
Authors: García-Lastra Marta , Fernández-Rouco Noelia , Fernández-Fuertes Andrés A. , España Chico Celia 
Published: February 2019

Este trabajo, que parte de un estudio más amplio sobre la percepción de diferentes aspectos del clima escolar en Cantabria, se centra en los resultados que hacen referencia a las propuestas de mejora planteadas por los/as adolescentes, a partir de su percepción sobre dicho objeto de estudio.
Para ello, se contó con una muestra de 834 estudiantes de Secundaria (i.e., ESO, Bachillerato, FP Básica y FP de Grado Medio), 57.7 % mujeres y 42.3 % varones, con edades comprendidas entre 12 y 20 años (M = 15.7, DT = 2.1). Los datos se recogieron mediante un muestreo aleatorio por conglomerados bietápico con carácter estratificado, esto último en función del curso, la titularidad del centro y el tipo de municipio.
Las propuestas de mejora del alumnado se agruparon en tres categorías emergentes: vigilancia/supervisión (e.g., aumentar el control por parte del profesorado, introducir vigilancia externa, etc.), acciones preventivas educativas (e.g., incrementar la participación del alumnado, aumentar la educación emocional, etc.) y acciones reactivas (e.g., sancionar a los/as acosadores/as o dar apoyo a las víctimas). Además, según los/as participantes, estas acciones deberían implementarlas preferentemente los equipos directivos, en colaboración con el alumnado o bien toda la comunidad educativa.
De estos resultados se desprende la importancia de tomar en consideración la voz del alumnado: ello debería redundar no solo en el bienestar de los/as estudiantes, sino también en la mejora de la convivencia escolar y en la calidad educativa.
Self‐Powered Optical Switch Based on Triboelectrification‐Triggered Liquid Crystal Alignment for Wireless Sensing
Authors: Zhang Chen , Wang Hailu , Guan Song , Guo Zihao , Zheng Xiaoxiong , Fan Youjun , Wang Ying , Qu Ting , Zhao Yongbin , Chen Aihua , Zhu Guang , Wang Zhong Lin 
Published: February 2019

AbstractHere, a self‐powered optical switch (OS) composed of a surface‐etched single‐electrode triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) and a polymer‐dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) film is reported. The working principle of the developed OS is that the liquid crystal alignment can be driven by triboelectrification‐generated voltage, inducing the PDLC film to rapidly switch its initial translucent state to an instantaneous transparent state. An output voltage of 360 V is generated upon the PDLC film when a nitrile rubber film contacts with the TENG at an area of 25 cm2 and a velocity of 0.4 m s−1. As such, a wide dimming range with the relative transmitted light intensity from 0.05 to 0.85 can be achieved for the OS. Enabled by the unique mechano‐electro‐optical reaction, the effects of a series of structural parameters on the performance of the OS are methodically studied. Particularly, through integrating the OS with a visible‐light‐operated signal‐processing circuit, a complete wireless sensing system with a fully power‐free sensing node is developed. The paradigms of hand touching and foot stepping triggered wireless alarms are demonstrated, explicitly showing great potential for the system in many possible interactive human–machine interface applications, such as surveillance, security systems, remote operation, and automatic control.
Reconfigurable Artificial Synapses between Excitatory and Inhibitory Modes Based on Single‐Gate Graphene Transistors
Authors: Yao Yao , Huang Xinnan , Peng Songang , Zhang Dayong , Shi Jingyuan , Yu Guanghui , Liu Qi , Jin Zhi 
Published: February 2019

AbstractReconfigurable artificial synapse with synaptic responses modulated between excitatory and inhibitory modes is critical for building artificial intelligence systems. However, it is still a challenge to realize such reconfigurability with a simple single‐gated transistor. Here, hydrogen‐rich silicon nitride film is employed as the gate dielectric to construct a single‐gate controlled graphene‐based artificial synapse to realize the reconfigurable synaptic responses. In this dielectric, both traps and movable hydrogen ions are introduced to induce the carrier trapping effect and the capacitive gating effect, respectively. Comparatively, the capacitive gating effect needs stronger electrical fields excitation and can significantly modulate the graphene channel in a longer time. Utilizing the carrier trapping effect and the ambipolar property of graphene, the fundamental potentiation and depression behaviors can be emulated in each response mode. Then, utilizing the capacitive gating effect, the reconfiguration between excitatory and inhibitory response modes can be achieved. All synaptic responses only depend on the signals inputted through the back‐gate electrode, which is distinctively different from previous dynamic devices with additional modulating terminals. Such reconfiguration feature provides the artificial synapse the ability to emulate some complicated biological behaviors in future artificial intelligence systems, such as the adjustable perception of different external stimuli under different conditions.
Paired Electrochemical Reactions and the On‐Site Generation of a Chemical Reagent
Authors: Wu Tiandi , Nguyen Bichlien H. , Daugherty Michael C. , Moeller Kevin D. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractWhile the majority of reported paired electrochemical reactions involve carefully matched cathodic and anodic reactions, the precise matching of half reactions in an electrolysis cell is not generally necessary. During a constant current electrolysis almost any oxidation and reduction reaction can be paired, and in the presented work we capitalize on this observation by examining the coupling of anodic oxidation reactions with the production of hydrogen gas for use as a reagent in remote, Pd‐catalyzed hydrogenation and hydrogenolysis reactions. To this end, an alcohol oxidation, an oxidative condensation, intramolecular anodic olefin coupling reactions, an amide oxidation, and a mediated oxidation were all shown to be compatible with the generation and use of hydrogen gas at the cathode. This pairing of an electrolysis reaction with the production of a chemical reagent or substrate has the potential to greatly expand the use of more energy efficient paired electrochemical reactions.
In Situ Amplification‐Based Imaging of RNA in Living Cells
Authors: Qing Zhihe , Xu Jingyuan , Hu Jinlei , Zheng Jing , He Lei , Zou Zhen , Yang Sheng , Tan Weihong , Yang Ronghua 
Published: February 2019

AbstractOwing to its important physiological functions, especially as molecular biomarkers of diseases, RNA is an important focus of biomedicine and biochemical sensing. Signal amplification detection has been put forward because of the need for accurate identification of RNA at low expression levels, which is significant for the early diagnosis and therapy of malignant diseases. However, conventional amplification methods for RNA analysis depend on the use of enzymes, fixation of cells, and thermal cycling, which confine their performance to cell lysates or dead cells, thus the imaging of RNA in living cells remained until recently little explored. In recent years, the advance of isothermal amplification of nucleic acids has opened paths for meeting this need in living cells. This minireview tracks the development of in situ amplification assays for RNAs in living cells, and highlights the potential challenges facing this field, aiming to improve the development of in vivo isothermal amplification as well as usher in new frontiers in this fertile research area.