bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Hydrodynamic Models for the Electromagnetic Nonlocal Response of Nanoparticles
Authors: Kupresak Mario , Zheng Xuezhi , Vandenbosch Guy A. E. , Moshchalkov Victor V. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractSince deep nanoscale systems are increasingly studied, accurate macroscopic theories dealing with quantum mechanical effects are in high demand. Concerning the electromagnetic response of nanoplasmonic systems, several hydrodynamic models have been proposed, each introducing an additional boundary condition (ABC) to describe the behavior of the plasmonic electron cloud. Four hydrodynamic approaches with four different boundary conditions are compared: the hard wall hydrodynamic model with the Sauter ABC, the curl‐free hydrodynamic model with the Pekar ABC, the shear forces hydrodynamic model with the specular reflection ABC, and the quantum hydrodynamic model with the corresponding ABC. This is done by investigating near‐ and far‐field features of a metallic nanosphere. It is shown that different hydrodynamic models may result in an entirely different prediction of the nanoparticle's response. These models are validated by using other local and nonlocal response models and experimental results.
Near‐Infrared Semiconducting Polymer Brush and pH/GSH‐Responsive Polyoxometalate Cluster Hybrid Platform for Enhanced Tumor‐Specific Phototheranostics
Authors: Yang Zhen , Fan Wenpei , Tang Wei , Shen Zheyu , Dai Yunlu , Song Jibin , Wang Zhantong , Liu Yuan , Lin Lisen , Shan Lingling , Liu Yijing , Jacobson Orit , Rong Pengfei , Wang Wei , Chen Xiaoyuan 
Published: September 2018

AbstractTumor‐specific phototheranostics is conducive to realizing precise cancer therapy. Herein, a novel tumor microenvironment (TME)‐responsive phototheranostic paradigm based on the combination of semiconducting polymer brushes and polyoxometalate clusters (SPB@POM) is rationally designed. The acidic TME could drive the self‐assembly of SPB@POM into bigger aggregates for enhanced tumor retention and accumulation, while the reducing TME could significantly enhance the NIR absorption of SPB@POM for significant improvement of photoacoustic imaging contrast and photothermal therapy efficacy. Therefore, the smart pH/glutathione (GSH)‐responsive SPB@POM allows for remarkable phototheranostic enhancement under the unique TME, which has potential for precise tumor‐specific phototheranostics with minimal side effects.
Ultrastabilization of Zeolite Y Transforms Brønsted–Brønsted Acid Pairs into Brønsted–Lewis Acid Pairs
Authors: Schroeder Christian , Hansen Michael Ryan , Koller Hubert 
Published: September 2018

AbstractTwo pairs of Brønsted acid sites have been identified in H,Na‐Y zeolite, located in the supercage and in the sodalite cage, which upon ultrastabilization (dealumination) are transformed into pairs of Brønsted and Lewis acid sites. This mild postsynthetic modification step is an important process for converting this material into an active catalyst for large‐scale commercial reactions. Pairing structures and their transformations have been investigated using 1H double‐quantum NMR spectroscopy experiments for dehydrated zeolite, H,Na‐Y, and its ultrastabilized form, H,Na‐USY. This approach enables the detection of pairs of Brønsted and Lewis acid sites with unprecedented 1H resolution and distinguishing them from isolated acid sites. The dealumination is also detected by static 27Al solid‐state NMR experiments.
Enhancing the electrical and thermal stability of organic thin‐film transistors by utilizing fluorinated polyimide and silicon dioxide bilayer gate dielectric
Authors: Wei Xiaoyun , Cao Jupeng , Li Aiyuan , He Chao , Liu Ming , Meng Hong 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACTThe grand vision of next generation electronics is expected to realize via the wholescale industrialization of organic devices. However, one serious obstacle hindering the practical application for organic devices is their instability regardless of it induced by high temperatures or sustained gate bias stress. Herein, pentacene‐based thin‐film transistors (TFTs) with both good heat resistance and high electrical stability were realized. The TFTs, where fluorinated polyimide (ODA–6FDA PI) and a silicon dioxide (SiO2) bilayer are used as gate dielectric, exhibit superior electrical stability under protracted gate bias stress for 150 min (ΔVth ~1 V with voltage range of 30 to −60 V) and are extremely less susceptible to annealing treatment for temperatures up to 150 °C (Δμ/μ0 ~2.9%), as compared to counterparts with a single dielectric layer. We demonstrated that the excellent bias‐stress stability arises from the higher activation energy of defects of fluorinated PI surface based on exponential barrier distribution model and the suppression of charge injection and back‐channel effect via bilayer. Also, the superior thermal stability is ascribed to the restraint of film cracks and phase transformation of pentacene at high temperatures induced by the better match between the thermal expansion coefficients of semiconductor and dielectric. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47013.
Sulfobetaine‐functionalized electrospun poly(ethylene‐co‐vinyl alcohol) membranes for blood filtration
Authors: P. V. Mayuri , Bhatt Anugya , P. Ramesh 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACTFunctionalization imparting zwitterionic sulfobetaines has been proven as the most versatile method for improving the hemocompatibility of polymers. In this study, we aimed to enhance the hemocompatibility of electrospun poly(ethylene‐co‐vinyl alcohol) (EVAL) by photografting with a betaine N‐(3‐sulfopropyl)‐N‐methacroyloxyethyl‐N,N‐dimethyl ammonium betaine (SMDB). SMDB was UV‐photografted to electrospun EVAL fibroporous membranes to obtain EVAL‐g‐PSMDB poly[N‐(3‐sulfopropyl)‐N‐methacroyloxyethyl‐N,N‐ dimethylammonium betaine] grafted on EVAL with different extents of grafting. The functionalization was confirmed by analysis of the attenuated total reflectance–Fourier transform infrared spectra. The effects of functionalization on the morphology, wettability, mechanical properties, and hemocompatibility of the electrospun EVAL membranes were also studied by scanning electron microscopy, water contact angle measurement, universal testing machine measurement, and in vitro hemocompatibility evaluation, respectively. The findings highlight that SMDB functionalization significantly reduced protein adsorption, hemolysis, and platelet adhesion. Blood cell consumption studies projected that the SMDB‐functionalized EVAL was able to capture leukocytes from blood, and hence, this system has the potential to be used as a filter medium for the selective removal of leukocytes from blood. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47057.
Weakness of visual working memory in autism
Authors: Funabiki Yasuko , Shiwa Taiko 
Published: September 2018

Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are often supported in daily life by visual presentations such as picture cards or illustrations. Therefore, they are considered to have visual strength. However, whether people with ASD are cognitively superior in visual processing and what causes the difference between visual and other sensory processing remain unknown. Thus, we compared visual and auditory processing from an aspect of memory in people with ASD and controls. We conducted the Wechsler Memory Scale‐Revised (WMS‐R) with 64 adults with ASD and 30 controls matched for gender, age, and Full Scale Intelligence Quotient (FIQ). Our results showed that participants with ASD were inferior in visual working memory (P < .01), on a task in which a visual target was pointed every second. Another visual memory, namely, Visual Reproduction in which four geometric figures were presented each by 10 sec, and auditory memory, including working memory, revealed no significant differences between groups. Other visual memory, namely, Visual Paired Associates in which paired presentations were shown every 3 sec, had weak differences (P = .019). Thus, people with ASD might have difficulties processing rapid visual information. Autism Res 2018, 11: 1245–1252. © 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Lay SummaryAutistic people are often supported by visual presentations. In this study, we inspected whether they have visual superiority. We showed that they were not visually superior in cognitive aspects, and were poor not at auditory but at visual working memory. Static visual memory in which memorization time is longer than that in working memory was intact in autism. Unusual rapid visual presentation may bother people with autism.
Zur numerischen Modellierung von Vibrationsrammung im gesättigten Boden
Authors: Chrisopoulos Stylianos , Triantafyllidis Theodoros 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIm vorliegenden Beitrag wird der Vorgang der Vibrationsrammung im gesättigten nichtbindigen Boden mithilfe numerischer Simulationen untersucht. Hierfür werden zwei axialsymmetrische Modelle auf Grundlage unterschiedlicher Modellierungsansätze im FE‐Programm ABAQUS/STANDARD erstellt. Im ersten ist der Pfahl nicht explizit modelliert und stattdessen wird die Pfahl‐Boden‐Interaktion vereinfacht durch eine eingeprägte sinusoidale Verschiebungsrandbedingung vorgegeben. Das zweite Modell simuliert den Vibrationsrammvorgang realistischer, indem der im Boden eindringende Pfahl als starrer Körper modelliert wird, der Vibrationen ausgesetzt ist. In beiden Modellen erfolgt die dynamische Analyse für einen wassergesättigten Boden unter Annahme einer u‐p‐Formulierung durch Verwendung eines benutzerdefinierten Elements. Um das mechanische Verhalten des Bodens zu beschreiben, wird ein hypoplastisches konstitutives Modell mit der Erweiterung der intergranularen Dehnung ausgewählt. Eine begrenzte Anzahl von Zyklen wird betrachtet und der Schwerpunkt liegt vorwiegend in der Pfahlumgebung auf der Entwicklung von Spannungen und Verschiebungen im Boden.Die quantitative Überprüfung der verwendeten numerischen Modellierungsansätze erfolgt anhand von Vergleichen mit hochwertigen Modellversuchen. Die umfangreiche und anspruchsvolle Instrumentierung der Modellversuche eröffnet umfassende Vergleichsmöglichkeiten. Es werden die Pfahlbewegung, der Verlauf des Eindringwiderstands und die Bodenverschiebungen in der Pfahlumgebung gegenübergestellt. Die gute Übereinstimmung zwischen den Ergebnissen bestätigt, dass die verwendeten Simulationsmethoden in der Lage sind, die wesentlichen Aspekte des Mechanismus der Vibrationsrammung realistisch abzubilden.
The past, present, and future of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder work in Newfoundland and Labrador: A landscape paper for change
Authors: Dunbar Winsor Katharine , Morton Ninomiya Melody E. 
Published: September 2018

ObjectivesIn this paper, we provide an overview of best practices in FASD prevention, diagnostic, and interventions and supports. In Canada, people diagnosed with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) represent a fraction people living with FASD. While social stigma may deter people from seeking an FASD diagnosis, other deterrents include the lack of screening and diagnostic referrals, cost of travelling to a clinic, and lack of clarity of how a diagnosis may improve supports and services. Preventing FASD and improving lifelong outcomes for people living with FASD requires a coordinated approach between prevention, diagnostic, intervention, and support efforts.MethodsUsing the example of Newfoundland and Labrador, a province where 60% of the population lives in rural communities and benefits from being involved in national initiatives and partnerships, we discuss efforts underway in other Canadian provinces to address FASD.ResultsWe make three recommendations that begin to address FASD‐specific needs in both rural and urban regions: a) a provincial FASD consultant position, b) an explicit partnership between provincial government and fasdNL, and c) increased access to FASD diagnostic teams.ConclusionWhile the recommendations are both modest and essential first steps, we also suggest that collaborations and resource‐sharing in FASD prevention and supports are more about doing things differently, rather than doing more.
A new sRNA‐mediated posttranscriptional regulation system for Bacillus subtilis
Authors: Yang Sen , Wang Yang , Wei Chaobao , Liu Qingtao , Jin Xuerong , Du Guocheng , Chen Jian , Kang Zhen 
Published: September 2018

AbstractMany genetic tools for gene regulation have been developed during the past decades. Some of them edit genomic DNA, such as nucleotides deletions and insertions, while the others interfere with the gene transcriptions or messenger RNA translation. Here, we report a posttranscriptional regulation tool which is termed “Modulation via the small RNA (sRNA)‐dependent operation system: MS‐DOS” by engineering the type I toxin–antitoxin system in Bacillus subtilis. MS‐DOS depends simply on insertion of an operation region (OPR; partial toxin‐encoding region) downstream of a genomic open reading frame of interest and overexpression of the coupling antitoxin sRNA from a plasmid. Pairing between the OPR and the sRNA will trigger the RNAse degradation of the transcripts of selected genes. MS‐DOS allows for the quantitative, specific, and reversible knockdown of single or multiple genomic genes in B. subtilis. We also showed that the truncated antitoxin SR4 with 53 nt length is sufficient to repress gene expression. Superior to other existing RNA based interfering systems, MS‐DOS allows simultaneous knockdown of multiple genes with effortless expression of a single antitoxin RNA. This sRNA‐guided repression system will further enrich the gene regulation tools and expand the gene regulation flexibility.
Chemical and Biochemical Strategies To Explore the Substrate Recognition of O‐GlcNAc‐Cycling Enzymes
Authors: Hu Chia‐Wei , Worth Matthew , Li Hao , Jiang Jiaoyang 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe O‐linked N‐acetylglucosamine (O‐GlcNAc) modification is an essential component in cell regulation. A single pair of human enzymes conducts this modification dynamically on a broad variety of proteins: O‐GlcNAc transferase (OGT) adds the GlcNAc residue and O‐GlcNAcase (OGA) hydrolyzes it. This modification is dysregulated in many diseases, but its exact effect on particular substrates remains unclear. In addition, no apparent sequence motif has been found in the modified proteins, and the factors controlling the substrate specificity of OGT and OGA are largely unknown. In this minireview, we will discuss recent developments in chemical and biochemical methods toward addressing the challenge of OGT and OGA substrate recognition. We hope that the new concepts and knowledge from these studies will promote research in this area to advance understanding of O‐GlcNAc regulation in health and disease.
Porous Microspherical N and P‐co‐doped NiFe2O4/Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes for Efficient Electrochemical Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Fei Mengfei , Shi Huilan , Zhao Jun , Kang Ning , He Wenya , Li Hui , Yang Fengchun 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe porous microspherical Nitrogen and Phosphorus‐co‐doped NiFe2O4/Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes (NP‐NiFe2O4/SWNTs) had been fabricated. Nitrogen (N) and phosphorous (P) were co‐doped to increase the active sites. And SWNTs hybrid was to obtain the enhanced conductivity, large specific surface area and more active sites. The hierarchical, porous structure and highly conductive SWNTs enables efficient transport of the electrons generated during oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Thus, NP‐NiFe2O4/SWNTs was demonstrated as a high‐performance catalyst for OER with a small overpotential of 247 mV at 10 mA cm−2 and low Tafel slope of 83.6 mV dec−1. The outstanding performance of NP‐NiFe2O4/SWNTs can also made it serve as anode for water splitting at a cell voltage of 1.595 V, which surpasses the precious RuO2 and Pt/C.
Synthesis of Benzofuran‐fused 1,4‐Dihydropyridines via Bifunctional Squaramide‐catalyzed Formal [4+2] Cycloaddition of Azadienes with Malononitrile
Authors: Gu Zheng , Wu Bo , Jiang Guo‐Fang , Zhou Yong‐Gui 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAn efficient bifunctional squaramide‐catalyzed Michael addition/cyclization of azadienes with malononitrile has been successfully developed, providing a facile access to chiral benzofuran‐fused 1,4‐dihydropyridines with excellent yields, wide substrate scope and up to 99% ee. Additionally, this formal [4+2] cycloaddition can be performed in gram scale without noticeable loss of yield and enantioselectivity.
Alterations in synaptic density and myelination in response to exposure to high‐energy charged particles
Authors: Dickstein Dara L. , Talty Ronan , Bresnahan Erin , Varghese Merina , Perry Bayley , Janssen William G. M. , Sowa Allison , Giedzinski Erich , Apodaca Lauren , Baulch Janet , Acharya Munjal , Parihar Vipan , Limoli Charles L. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractHigh‐energy charged particles are considered particularly hazardous components of the space radiation environment. Such particles include fully ionized energetic nuclei of helium, silicon, and oxygen, among others. Exposure to charged particles causes reactive oxygen species production, which has been shown to result in neuronal dysfunction and myelin degeneration. Here we demonstrate that mice exposed to high‐energy charged particles exhibited alterations in dendritic spine density in the hippocampus, with a significant decrease of thin spines in mice exposed to helium, oxygen, and silicon, compared to sham‐irradiated controls. Electron microscopy confirmed these findings and revealed a significant decrease in overall synapse density and in nonperforated synapse density, with helium and silicon exhibiting more detrimental effects than oxygen. Degeneration of myelin was also evident in exposed mice with significant changes in the percentage of myelinated axons and g‐ratios. Our data demonstrate that exposure to all types of high‐energy charged particles have a detrimental effect, with helium and silicon having more synaptotoxic effects than oxygen. These results have important implications for the integrity of the central nervous system and the cognitive health of astronauts after prolonged periods of space exploration.
Overview of antiproton affinities for functional groups relevant in particle‐beam cancer therapy
Authors: Stegeby Henrik 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe recent advances in the production and storing of antiprotons inspire further research regarding using an antiproton particle beam in cancer therapy.In this work, an overview study of the chemical properties that govern the reactions between biomolecules and slowly moving antiprotons have been investigated.AimThe motivation for the article is to grant an improved understanding of the processes involved in antiproton particle‐beam cancer therapy as the antiproton comes to rest, in terms of the impact of molecular chemical properties on the antiproton annihilation site of the biomolecule.Methods and resultsThe potential energy surfaces for an antiproton in the vicinity of common functional groups in the human body have been calculated at the CASSCF/CASPT2 level. The energies at different antiproton distances are calculated and compared between different functional groups.A comparison of the impact on the antiproton affinity from atomic number, bond order, number of lone pairs, bond polarization due to electronegativity, and charge is presented.ConclusionThe lone pair effect and bond polarization have a relatively large impact. This implies that even on the isolated molecular level, the chemical environment governing the trajectory of an antiproton is a complex problem. The study is applicable primarily in the ultra‐low energy collision regime but can also function as a starting point for quantum dynamical treatments.
How Munsell system could help visualize color variation on cement tiles
Authors: Moceri Fernanda 
Published: September 2018

AbstractCement tiles are particularly susceptible to intense shade variation. We have observed that there are many factors which influence the tiles coloring, from the way the mixture and the paint are prepared and manipulated to the weather conditions on the day of manufacturing and during the 40 days of the drying process, and even the way the tiles are displayed on the shelves. Partial results have shown that even pieces from the same batch, which are painted the same color using the same pigment, will display some color variation. The wonder of such work is that each piece might be unique, once there is no way to ensure the whole lot will have the same value and chroma. By applying the Munsell System to the colors in the company's catalog, this study has aimed to detect the range of possible luminosity and saturation variation, considering such tonality variation as a legit product of handcrafted production.
A Guided Protocol for Array Based T2C: A High‐Quality Selective High‐Resolution High‐Throughput Chromosome Interaction Capture
Authors: Knoch Tobias A. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAfter now more than 170 years of research the dynamic three‐dimensional chromatin architecture of genomes and the co‐evolved interaction networks of regulatory elements which create genome function — i.e. the storage, expression, and finally replication of genetic information — involves ever more investigative efforts in respect to not only the pure understanding of living organisms, but also diagnosis, treatment, and even future genome engineering. To study genomic interactions, we developed a novel and superior high‐quality selective high‐resolution, high‐throughput chromosome interaction capture method — T2C (targeted chromatin capture) — which allows to arbitrarily balance resolution, frequency range of interactions, and the investigated general genetic region or single interactions in a highly cost‐effective manner in respect to the obtainable result and compared to other techniques. Beyond, T2C has such a high signal‐to‐noise ratio at high resolution that the “genomic” statistical mechanics level can be reached. With the guided T2C protocol described here, we were already able to finally determine the chromatin quasi‐fiber conformation and its folding into stable multi‐loop aggregates/rosettes connected by a linker. Actually, this guided T2C protocol provides the means for architectural genome sequencing from the level of the single base pair to the entire cell nucleus and thus to analyze genetic interactions in respect to genome function in a systems biological manner in general as well as in settings ranging from basic research, via diagnostics and treatment, to genome engineering. © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Synthesis of Ethyl‐4‐ethoxy Pentanoate by Reductive Etherification of Ethyl Levulinate in Ethanol on Pd/SiO2‐C Catalysts
Authors: Cui Qianqian , Long Yinshuang , Wang Yun , Wu Haihong , Guan Yejun , Wu Peng 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe synthesis of biomass‐derived ethers to be used as biofuels or biofuel additives has attracted much attention. Following the recently reported synthesis of etherified ester ethyl‐4‐ethoxy pentanoate (EEP) from γ‐valerolactone (GVL) in ethanol catalyzed by H‐beta zeolite, an alternative route to prepare EEP in high yield has been developed by reductive etherification of ethyl levulinate (EL) in ethanol at 140 °C under 0.5 MPa H2 with a silica‐modified Pd/C catalyst. The ether production likely follows a tandem acetalization–hydrogenolysis process with ethyl‐4,4‐diethoxy pentanoate (EDEP) as the intermediate. The acetalization step can be favored by introducing acidic materials, such as SiO2–carbon or beta zeolite, as a cocatalyst. The combination of the Pd/SiO2‐C and beta zeolite mixture leads to 100 % EL conversion and 93 % EEP selectivity under optimized reaction conditions. For the first time, the standard molar combustion enthalpy of as‐prepared EEP is measured by using a static oxygen bomb, and the value of which is determined to be about −5658 kJ mol−1, which is much larger than that of GVL (−2650 kJ mol−1).