bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comunicação entre sujeitos surdos com diagnóstico precoce e com diagnóstico tardio e seus pares
Authors: Rovere Natália Caroline , Lima Maria Cecília Marconi Pinheiro , Silva Ivani Rodrigues 
Published: April 2018

O diagnóstico de surdez deve ocorrer nos primeiros seis meses de vida de uma criança. Quanto mais cedo é avaliada a audição, nos casos de algum grau de comprometimento auditivo, mais cedo poderão ser iniciadas as intervenções médicas e educacionais. O diagnóstico tardio pode acarretar em atraso no desenvolvimento da linguagem oral e, muitas vezes, falta de entendimento entre pais ouvintes e filho surdo. Os objetivos do presente estudo foram observar dois grupos de crianças e adolescentes surdos que iniciaram a reabilitação precocemente e tardiamente, no que diz respeito ao uso da linguagem oral e língua de sinais e verificar como vem ocorrendo a comunicação dos sujeitos com seus familiares. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo. Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com as mães dos surdos e observações da interação das díades mãe ouvinte e criança ou adolescente surdo. Verificou-se que alguns fatores dificultaram o processo do diagnóstico de surdez e o início da reabilitação auditiva, tais como acesso rápido aos recursos adequados e postura profissional, pois os pais têm uma melhor assimilação do diagnóstico quando o profissional os acolhe e utiliza linguagem acessível. Observou-se também que as crianças que iniciaram a reabilitação precocemente demonstraram comunicação mais efetiva com suas mães, mas há dificuldade por parte das mães em adquirirem a LIBRAS, tendo em vista que o aprendizado de uma nova língua demanda tempo, prática e dedicação. Conclui-se sobre a importância em diagnosticar a perda auditiva precocemente, pois este diagnóstico norteará os processos de habilitação e reabilitação da criança surda.
Comparación de los resultados a mediano plazo entre la pieloplastia abierta versus laparoscópica en pacientes adultos con obstrucción de la unión ureteropiélica
Authors: Ransom-Rodríguez Adrián , Méndez-Probst Carlos E. , Gabilondo-Pliego Bernardo , Kobashi-Sandoval Elisa , Rodríguez-Covarrubias Francisco 
Published: April 2018

OBJETIVO: Comparar los resultados a mediano plazo entre la pieloplastia abierta versus laparoscópica en pacientes con obstrucción de la unión ureteropiélica primaria o secundaria.MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo, observacional y longitudinal, efectuado en pacientes adultos tratados con pieloplastia abierta o laparoscópica por obstrucción de la unión ureteropiélica, entre enero de 2007 y marzo de 2017. Se analizaron las variables de éxito quirúrgico (cese completo de los síntomas y mejoría de la función renal) y complicaciones posoperatorias con la clasificación de Clavien-Dindo. Se utilizó la prueba de c2 para comparar las variables cualitativas y la U de Mann-Whitney para las variables independientes con distribución anormal. Se consideró estadísticamente significativo el valor de p <0.05. RESULTADOS: Se registraron 40 pacientes con edad promedio de 39 años y seguimiento de 38 meses (1-180). Los pacientes con pieloplastia laparoscópica tuvieron menor estancia hospitalaria (3.6 ± 1.4 vs 6.9 ± 2.1 días; p = 0.001). La tasa de éxito de pieloplastias laparoscópicas fue de 92% en pacientes sin tratamiento previo y de 100% en tratados previamente. Solo se reportaron complicaciones de bajo grado (Clavien-Dindo I y II) en 40% de los casos con pieloplastia abierta y en 44% con laparoscopia. CONCLUSIONES: La pieloplastia abierta y laparoscópica muestran tasas de éxito y resultados similares; por tanto, pueden considerarse técnicas seguras para el tratamiento de la obstrucción ureteropiélica. PALABRAS CLAVE: Laparoscopia; cirugía; obstrucción de la unión ureteropiélica.
Respiratory effects of low versus high tidal volume with or without positive end-expiratory pressure in anesthetized dogs with healthy lungs
Authors: De Monte Valentina , Bufalari Antonello , Grasso Salvatore , Ferrulli Fabienne , Crovace Alberto Maria , Lacitignola Luca , Staffieri Francesco 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the impact of 2 tidal volumes (TVs) with or without positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) on lung mechanics, aeration, and gas exchange in healthy anesthetized dogs.
ANIMALS 40 mixed-breed dogs with healthy lungs.
PROCEDURES Anesthetized dogs were randomly assigned to 4 groups (n = 10/group) with different ventilatory settings: TV of 8 mL/kg and PEEP of 0 cm H2O (low TV group), TV of 8 mL/kg and PEEP of 5 cm H2O (low TV plus PEEP group), TV of 15 mL/kg and PEEP of 0 cm H2O (high TV group), or TV of 15 mL/kg and PEEP of 5 cm H2O (high TV plus PEEP group). Expired CO2 and respiratory rate were titrated on the basis of a predetermined stepwise protocol. Gas exchange, respiratory mechanics, and pulmonary aeration were evaluated by means of CT 30 minutes after starting mechanical ventilation at the assigned setting.
RESULTS Partial pressures of arterial and expired CO2 were higher in the low TV and low TV plus PEEP groups than in the high TV and high TV plus PEEP groups. Peak and plateau airway pressures were higher in the PEEP group than in the other groups. Static lung compliance was higher in the high TV plus PEEP group than in the low TV group. Relative percentages of atelectatic and poorly aerated lung were lower in the high TV plus PEEP group than in the other groups. Oxygenation was similar among groups.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Differences in TV and PEEP application during mechanical ventilation may affect respiratory function in anesthetized dogs with healthy lungs. Ventilation with a TV of 15 mL/kg and PEEP of 5 cm H2O significantly improved lung compliance and reduced the amount of atelectatic and poorly aerated lung.
Effect of blood contamination on results of dipstick evaluation and urine protein-to-urine creatinine ratio for urine samples from dogs and cats
Authors: Vientós-Plotts Aida I. , Behrend Ellen N. , Welles Elizabeth G. , Chew Dennis J. , Gaillard Philippe R. , Busler Jessica N. , Lee Hollie P. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate effects of blood contamination on dipstick results, specific gravity (SG), and urine protein-to-urine creatinine ratio (UPCR) for urine samples from dogs and cats.
SAMPLE Urine samples collected from 279 dogs and 120 cats.
PROCEDURES Urine pools were made for each species (dogs [n = 60] and cats [30]). Blood was added to an aliquot of a pool, and serial dilutions were prepared with the remaining urine. Color and dipstick variables were recorded, and SG and UPCR were measured. For cats, 1 set of pools was used; for dogs, 2 sets were used. Comparisons were made between undiluted urine and spiked urine samples for individual colors. Repeated-measures ANOVA on ranks was used to compare dipstick scores and UPCR results; χ2 tests were used to compare proteinuria categorizations (nonproteinuric, borderline, or proteinuric).
RESULTS Any blood in the urine resulted in significantly increased dipstick scores for blood. In both species, scores for bilirubin and ketones, pH, and SG were affected by visible blood contamination. No significant difference for the dipstick protein reagent results was evident until a sample was visibly hematuric. The UPCR was significantly increased in dark yellow samples of both species. Proteinuria categorizations differed significantly between undiluted urine and urine of all colors, except light yellow.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Any degree of blood contamination affected results of dipstick analysis. Effects depended on urine color and the variable measured. Microscopic blood contamination may affect the UPCR; thus, blood contamination may be a differential diagnosis for proteinuria in yellow urine samples.
Mutation responsible for congenital photosensitivity and hyperbilirubinemia in Southdown sheep
Authors: Posbergh Christian J. , Kalla Sara E. , Sutter Nathan B. , Tennant Bud C. , Huson Heather J. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify the genetic cause for congenital photosensitivity and hyperbilirubinemia (CPH) in Southdown sheep.
ANIMALS 73 Southdown sheep from a CPH research flock and 48 sheep of various breeds from commercial flocks without CPH.
PROCEDURES Whole-genome sequencing was performed for a phenotypically normal Southdown sheep heterozygous for CPH. Heterozygous variants within Slco1b3 coding exons were identified, and exons that contained candidate mutations were amplified by PCR assay methods for Sanger sequencing. Blood samples from the other 72 Southdown sheep of the CPH research flock were used to determine plasma direct and indirect bilirubin concentrations. Southdown sheep with a plasma total bilirubin concentration < 0.3 mg/dL were classified as controls, and those with a total bilirubin concentration ≥ 0.3 mg/dL and signs of photosensitivity were classified as mutants. Sanger sequencing was used to determine the Slco1b3 genotype for all sheep. Genotypes were compared between mutants and controls of the CPH research flock and among all sheep. Protein homology was measured across 8 species to detect evolutionary conservation of Slco1b.
RESULTS A nonsynonymous mutation at ovine Chr3:193,691,195, which generated a glycine-to-arginine amino acid change within the predicted Slco1b3 protein, was significantly associated with hyperbilirubinemia and predicted to be deleterious. That amino acid was conserved across 7 other mammalian species.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results suggested a nonsynonymous mutation in Slco1b3 causes CPH in Southdown sheep. This disease appears to be similar to Rotor syndrome in humans. Sheep with CPH might be useful animals for Rotor syndrome research.
Effect of contact time on variance of ground reaction forces during force platform gait analysis of a heterogeneous sample of clinically normal dogs
Authors: Hoffman Christopher L. , Volstad Nicola J. , Hans Eric C. , Nemke Brett W. , Muir Peter 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop contact time (ConT) and withers height-normalized relative ConT (ConT*) for force platform gait analysis of dogs.
ANIMALS 29 healthy client-owned dogs.
PROCEDURES Height at the most dorsal aspect of the shoulders (withers) was measured with a framing square. Dogs were trotted across a force platform at their preferred velocity with controlled acceleration (± 0.5 m/s2). Ranges of ConT and ConT* centered on the population mean ConT were created. Variance effects on ground reaction forces (GRFs) for 4 thoracic limb and 4 pelvic limb ConT and associated ConT* ranges were examined. Efficiency of trial capture and effects of velocity ranges on GRF variance were determined.
RESULTS Individual dogs had the greatest effect on GRF variance for thoracic and pelvic limbs. Narrow ConT and ConT* ranges had few significant effects on GRFs but were inefficient at capturing trials. The ConT ranges of 0.22 to 0.29 seconds and 0.19 to 0.25 seconds for thoracic and pelvic limbs, respectively, provided the most efficient rates of trial capture with the fewest significant effects on GRFs. Compared with ConT and ConT* ranges, relative velocity ranges had higher efficiency and smaller GRF variance effects.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Dogs of various morphologies have differing limb velocities. Use of ConT as a surrogate for limb velocity may improve GRF data quality. We identified ConT and ConT* ranges associated with low GRF variance. However, relative velocity ranges captured data more efficiently. Efficient capture of data may help avoid worsening of lameness during gait analysis of dogs.
Comparison of the efficacy of various concentrations and combinations of serum, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline, and N-acetylcysteine for inhibition of collagenase activity in an in vitro corneal degradation model
Authors: Kimmitt Beth A. , Moore George E. , Stiles Jean 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the efficacy of various concentrations and combinations of serum, EDTA, 3 tetracyclines, and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) for collagenase inhibition in an in vitro corneal degradation model.
SAMPLE Grossly normal corneas from recently euthanized dogs and horses and fresh serum from healthy dogs and horses.
PROCEDURES Serum was pooled by species for in vitro use. For each species, sections of cornea were dried, weighed, and incubated with clostridial collagenase (800 U/mL) in 5 mL of a 5mM calcium chloride-saline (0.9% NaCl) incubation solution and 500 μL of 1 of 19 treatments (homologous serum; 0.3%, 1.0%, or 2% EDTA; 0.1%, 0.5%, or 1.0% tetracycline, doxycycline, or minocycline; 0.5%, 1.0%, or 5.0% NAC; serum with 0.5% tetracycline; serum with 1.0% EDTA; or 1.0% EDTA with 0.5% tetracycline). Positive and negative control specimens were incubated with 5 mL of incubation solution with and without collagenase, respectively. Each control and treatment was replicated 4 times for each species. Following incubation, corneal specimens were dried and reweighed. The percentage corneal degradation was calculated and compared among treatments within each species.
RESULTS Treatments with tetracyclines at concentrations ≥ 0.5%, with EDTA at concentrations ≥ 0.3%, and with NAC at concentrations ≥ 0.5% were more effective at preventing corneal degradation than serum in both species. The efficacy of each combination treatment was equal to or less than that of its components.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results suggested EDTA, tetracyclines, and NAC may be beneficial for topical treatment of keratomalacia, but in vivo studies are required.
Effect of age on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of flunixin meglumine following intravenous and transdermal administration to Holstein calves
Authors: Kleinhenz Michael D. , Van Engen Nicholas K. , Gorden Patrick J. , Smith Joe S. , KuKanich Butch , Rajewski Suzanne M. , Walsh Philip , Perkins Steven , Coetzee Johann F. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of age on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of flunixin meglumine following IV and transdermal administration to calves.
ANIMALS 8 healthy weaned Holstein bull calves.
PROCEDURES At 2 months of age, all calves received an injectable solution of flunixin (2.2 mg/kg, IV); then, after a 10-day washout period, calves received a topical formulation of flunixin (3.33 mg/kg, transdermally). Blood samples were collected at predetermined times before and for 48 and 72 hours, respectively, after IV and transdermal administration. At 8 months of age, the experimental protocol was repeated except calves received flunixin by the transdermal route first. Plasma flunixin concentrations were determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy. For each administration route, pharmacokinetic parameters were determined by noncompartmental methods and compared between the 2 ages. Plasma prostaglandin (PG) E2 concentration was determined with an ELISA. The effect of age on the percentage change in PGE2 concentration was assessed with repeated-measures analysis. The half maximal inhibitory concentration of flunixin on PGE2 concentration was determined by nonlinear regression.
RESULTS Following IV administration, the mean half-life, area under the plasma concentration-time curve, and residence time were lower and the mean clearance was higher for calves at 8 months of age than at 2 months of age. Following transdermal administration, the mean maximum plasma drug concentration was lower and the mean absorption time and residence time were higher for calves at 8 months of age than at 2 months of age. The half maximal inhibitory concentration of flunixin on PGE2 concentration at 8 months of age was significantly higher than at 2 months of age. Age was not associated with the percentage change in PGE2 concentration following IV or transdermal flunixin administration.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE In calves, the clearance of flunixin at 2 months of age was slower than that at 8 months of age following IV administration. Flunixin administration to calves may require age-related adjustments to the dose and dosing interval and an extended withdrawal interval.
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN INKUIRI TERBIMBING TERHADAP KETERAMPILAN PROSES SAINS SISWA MAN
Authors: Mauritha Siska , Nur Syahrun , Adlim Adlim 
Published: April 2018

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan model pembelajaran inkuiri terbimbing dalam meningkatkan keterampilan proses sains siswa pada materi rangkaian arus searah dan hukum Archimedes. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Eksperimen, dan desain penelitian adalah pretest-posttest control group design. Populasi penelitian adalah siswa kelas XI MAN Meulaboh 1 yang terdiri dari lima kelas setiap kelas berjumlah 36 siswa, dan kelompok sampel ditentukan dengan teknik random sampling sehingga diperoleh dua kelas yang menjadi sampel penelitian. Hasil analisis data keterampilan proses sains siswa pada kelas eksperimen untuk indikator perencanaan percobaan yaitu 0,88 lebih tinggi dibanding indikator perencanaan percobaan pada kelas kontrol yaitu 0,71. Hal ini dikarenakan sebelum melakukan percobaan siswa diminta untuk mengumpulkan berbagai informasi yang berkaitan dengan percobaan yang akan dilakukan. Tahap mengumpulkan informasi tersebut termasuk salah satu tahapan dalam pembelajaran inkuiri terbimbing. Hasil penilaian KPS saat pelaksanaan praktikum menunjukkan bahwa pada kelas eksperimen indikator menentukan tujuan percobaan sebesar 88,19% lebih tinggi dibanding indikator menentukan tujuan percobaan di kelas kontrol yaitu sebesar 74,13%. Hal ini disebabkan siswa siswa terlebih dahulu telah mengumpulkan informasi mengenai percobaan yan akan dilakukan.Kata Kunci: Inkuiri terbimbing, KPS, rangkaian arus searah, hukum Archimedes. Abstract. This research aims to determine the effect of guided inquiry learning to improve student science process skills (SPS) on the material of direct current circuit and the Archimedes law. This research was experiment method and design studies is Pretest – posttest control group design. The research population is students of class XI in MAN Meulaboh 1 consists of five class which 36 students each class, and sample group were determined byrandom sampling technique so that two class is taken as the sample. Results of SPS test in the experimental class, indicator of plannned experiments is 0,88 higher than control class is 0,71. That caused before starting the experiment they have to collect all information about the experiment. The collect information stage is one of the guided inquiry stages. Results of SPS assessment when experimenting shown that the indicator of purpose specify in experiment class is 88,19% higher than control class is 74,13%. That caused before starting the experiment they have to collect all information about the experiment.Keywords: guided inquiry, science process skills, Archimedes law.
Hamstring Muscle Use in Women During Hip Extension and the Nordic Hamstring Exercise: A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study
Authors: Messer Daniel J. , Bourne Matthew N. , Williams Morgan D. , Al Najjar Aiman , Shield Anthony J. 
Published: April 2018

Background Understanding hamstring muscle activation patterns in resistance training exercises may have implications for the design of strength training and injury prevention programs. Unfortunately, surface electromyography studies have reported conflicting results regarding hamstring muscle activation patterns in women. Objectives To determine the spatial patterns of hamstring muscle activity during the 45° hip extension and Nordic hamstring exercises in women using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Methods This was a cross-sectional study in which 6 recreationally active women with no history of lower-limb injury underwent fMRI on both thighs before and immediately after 5 sets of 6 bilateral eccentric contractions of the 45° hip extension exercise or the Nordic exercise. Using fMRI, the transverse (T2) relaxation times were measured from pre-exercise and postexercise scans, and the percentage increase in T2 was used as an index of muscle activation. Results The fMRI revealed a significantly higher biceps femoris long head-to-semitendinosus ratio during the 45° hip extension exercise than in the Nordic exercise (P = .028). The T2 increase after the 45° hip extension exercise was greater for the biceps femoris long head (P<.001), semitendinosus, and semimembranosus (P≤.001) than that for the biceps femoris short head. During the Nordic exercise, the T2 increase of the semitendinosus was greater than that of the biceps femoris short head (P<.001) and biceps femoris long head (P = .001). Conclusion While both exercises involve high levels of semitendinosus activation in women, the Nordic exercise preferentially recruits that muscle, while the hip extension exercise more evenly activates all the biarticular hamstrings. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2018;48(8):607–612. Epub 23 Apr 2018. doi:10.2519/jospt.2018.7748
Integração da Competência em Informação no contexto das bibliotecas vivas
Authors: Silva Rafaela Carolina da , Jorente Maria José Vicentini , Caldas Rosângela Formentini 
Published: April 2018

A informação é um insumo que sustenta as transformações sociais e propicia o desenvolvimento em qualquer campo da atividade humana e da construção do conhecimento. Nesse contexto, as formas de buscar, acessar e recuperar informação lançam múltiplos desafios às bibliotecas e seus profissionais, em situações nas quais o uso de tecnologias tradicionais e digitais constitui-se em fator determinante na criação de espaços informacionais híbridos. Assim, o estudo discute, a partir da pesquisa bibliográfica e exploratória, como a biblioteca híbrida pode se tornar um local que impulsiona a aprendizagem e promove a competência informacional. Como resultados, compreende-se que o profissional da informação pode se utilizar de tecnologias como meios para capacitação de sujeitos em seus processos de busca, recuperação, avaliação, uso e compartilhamento de informações. Conclui-se que na biblioteca viva em que circulam linguagens híbridas, associadas a um bom trabalho de capacitação para a competência em informação, tem função educativa e seu compromisso com a inclusão informacional.
Preservar é preciso, viver não é preciso
Authors: Cunha Murilo Bastos da 
Published: April 2018

O editorial comenta a importância da preservação. Ao preservar os documentos os profissionais da informação estão sim, possibilitando à humanidade futura acessar a informação e o conhecimento de hoje—reforçando, sobremaneira, que “preservar é preciso” e que isto tem que ser feito agora! Neste segundo número de 2016 foram publicados 11 artigos e 16 resumos de teses e dissertações.
O novo padrão RDA sob a perspectiva das tarefas do usuário
Authors: Machado Raquel Bernadete , Pereira Ana Maria 
Published: April 2018

O Resource Descripton and Access (RDA) configura-se atualmente como a nova diretriz para a catalogação de recursos informacionais. As atividades relacionadas à elaboração de um catálogo necessitam considerar, primordialmente, as tarefas que o usuário cumprirá na busca da informação. O modelo conceitual denominado Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR) arrola quatro tarefas básicas do usuário: encontrar, identificar, selecionar e obter. Assim, o objetivo deste artigo é analisar como a aplicação das novas diretrizes de catalogação RDA poderá contribuir para auxiliar na realização de tais tarefas. Com base na revisão de literatura, são apresentadas algumas considerações acerca do código RDA sob a perspectiva das tarefas do usuário. Conclui-se que a navegabilidade é a principal característica que um catálogo precisa apresentar ao usuário, desde que sejam desenvolvidos sistemas de gerenciamento de acervo mais robustos que os atualmente em uso adaptados às inovações propostas pelo RDA e pelos modelos conceituais.