bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endogenous opioid receptor system mediates costly altruism in the human brain
Authors: Chen Jinglu , Putkinen Vesa , Seppälä Kerttu , Hirvonen Jussi , Ioumpa Kalliopi , Gazzola Valeria , Keysers Christian , Nummenmaa Lauri 
Published: October 2024

AbstractFunctional neuroimaging studies suggest that a large-scale brain network transforms others’ pain into its vicarious representation in the observer, potentially modulating helping behavior. However, the neuromolecular basis of individual differences in vicarious pain and helping is poorly understood. We investigated the role of the endogenous μ-opioid receptor (MOR) system in altruistic costly helping. MOR density was measured using [11C]carfentanil. In a separate fMRI experiment, participants could donate money to reduce a confederate’s pain from electric shocks. Participants were generally willing to help, and brain activity was observed in amygdala, anterior insula, anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), striatum, primary motor cortex, primary somatosensory cortex and thalamus when witnessing others’ pain. Haemodynamic responses were negatively associated with MOR availability in emotion circuits. However, MOR availability positively associated with the ACC and hippocampus during helping. These findings suggest that the endogenous MOR system modulates altruism in the human brain.
An anti‐interference decision‐making method for communication waveform based on collaborative filtering
Authors: Li Wenji , Zheng Zhong , Zheng Hanyu , Guan Yundi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAiming at the problem of efficient and reliable transmission for communication system in complex electromagnetic environment, an anti‐interference decision‐making method for communication waveform based on collaborative filtering (CF) is proposed here. The required minimum signal‐to‐noise ratio to meet a specific bit error rate is adopted as a key indicator to evaluate the performance of certain waveform–channel combinations. The main challenge that is solved is to predict transmission performance ratings that cannot be obtained in practice. With CF of waveform features and interference features, the missing training data can be accurately predicted. The convergence speed and prediction accuracy of the proposed algorithm are verified by simulation, and the influence of different feature quantities and different data deficiency degrees on the stability and accuracy of the algorithm is discussed.
Bee pollination and bee decline: A study about university students’ Knowledge and its educational implication
Authors: Daza Paula , Arista Montserrat , Berjano Regina , Ortiz Pedro , Morón-Monge Hortensia , Antonini Yasmine 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Science education plays a crucial role in addressing the pollinator crisis by enhancing knowledge and fostering changes in attitudes toward this environmental challenge. Previous research has been focused on validating a specific instrument related to this subject, although its use for assessing students’ knowledge has been little explored. In the present study, we have evaluated the level of awareness regarding the significance of bees as primary pollinators among students of various disciplines at the Universities of Sevilla, in Spain, and Ouro Preto, in Brazil, emphasizing the importance of the plant–bee interaction. 753 students from the fields of biology, agriculture, and education were invited to complete a questionnaire focused on bee biology. The results indicate that knowledge on the subject is closely linked to professional career choice and that the training program for the future teachers effectively increased comprehension of the crucial role played by bees as main supporters of the ecosystem service of pollination.
A resource-aware workload scheduling method for unbalanced GEMMs on GPUs
Authors: Liu Hangda , Diao Boyu , Chen Wenxin , Xu Yongjun 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
GEMM (General Matrix Multiplication) serves as a fundamental operator for deep learning computations. Especially in attention-based deep learning models, such as Bert, GPT, and SAM, the sizes of matrices involved in GEMMs exhibit an unbalanced distribution due to the variable input, resulting in the low utilization of hardware resources. To address the issue, this paper proposes inserting a novel GEMM processing layer into the deep learning inference stack and using an adaptive load balancing method to partition and schedule GEMM computation tasks. The method is implemented with hardware runtime resource information, such as the occupancy of computing units, etc. Experiment results show the remarkable performance of our method in unbalanced input GEMM scenarios, achieving an average performance improvement of 2.3x. The method also performs well in attention-based models (GPT-2 and SAM), achieving an average inference speed improvement of 1.1x. These findings highlight the effectiveness of resource-aware algorithm optimization, especially for computation task scheduling.
Zebrafish arterial valve development occurs through direct differentiation of second heart field progenitors
Authors: Derrick Christopher J , Eley Lorraine , Alqahtani Ahlam , Henderson Deborah J , Chaudhry Bill 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Aims
Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is the most common congenital heart defect, affecting at least 2% of the population. The embryonic origins of BAV remain poorly understood, with few assays for validating patient variants, limiting the identification of causative genes for BAV. In both human and mouse, the left and right leaflets of the arterial valves arise from the outflow tract cushions, with interstitial cells originating from neural crest cells and the overlying endocardium through endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT). In contrast, an EndoMT-independent mechanism of direct differentiation of cardiac progenitors from the second heart field (SHF) is responsible for the formation of the anterior and posterior leaflets. Defects in either of these developmental mechanisms can result in BAV. Although zebrafish have been suggested as a model for human variant testing, their naturally bicuspid arterial valve has not been considered suitable for understanding human arterial valve development. Here, we have set out to investigate to what extent the processes involved in arterial valve development are conserved in zebrafish and, ultimately, whether functional testing of BAV variants could be carried out.

Methods and results
Using a combination of live imaging, immunohistochemistry, and Cre-mediated lineage tracing, we show that the zebrafish arterial valve primordia develop directly from SHF progenitors with no contribution from EndoMT or neural crest, in keeping with the human and mouse anterior and posterior leaflets. Moreover, once formed, these primordia share common subsequent developmental events with all three aortic valve leaflets.

Conclusion
Our work highlights a conserved ancestral mechanism of arterial valve leaflet formation from the SHF and identifies that development of the arterial valve is distinct from that of the atrioventricular valve in zebrafish. Crucially, this confirms the utility of zebrafish for understanding the development of specific BAV subtypes and arterial valve dysplasia, offering potential for high-throughput variant testing.
The burst of satellite DNA in Leptidea wood white butterflies and their putative role in karyotype evolution
Authors: Cabral-de-Mello Diogo Cavalcanti , Yoshido Atsuo , Milani Diogo , Šíchová Jindra , Sahara Ken , Marec František 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Satellite DNAs (satDNAs) are abundant components of eukaryotic genomes, playing pivotal roles in chromosomal organization, genome stability, and evolution. Here, we combined cytogenetic and genomic methods to characterize the satDNAs in the genomes of Leptidea butterflies. Leptidea is characterized by the presence of a high heterochromatin content, large genomes, and extensive chromosomal reshuffling as well as the occurrence of cryptic species. We show that, in contrast to other Lepidoptera, satDNAs constitute a considerable proportion of Leptidea genomes, ranging between 4.11% and 11.05%. This amplification of satDNAs, together with the hyperactivity of transposable elements, contributes to the substantial genome expansion in Leptidea. Using chromosomal mapping, we show that, particularly LepSat01-100 and LepSat03-167 satDNAs, are preferentially localized in heterochromatin exhibiting variable distribution that may have contributed to the highly diverse karyotypes within the genus. The satDNAs also exhibit W-chromosome accumulation, suggesting their involvement in sex chromosome evolution. Our results provide insights into the dynamics of satDNAs in Lepidoptera genomes and highlight their role in genome expansion and chromosomal organization, which could influence the speciation process. The high proportion of repetitive DNAs in the genomes of Leptidea underscores the complex evolutionary dynamics revealing the interplay between repetitive DNAs and genomic architecture in the genus.
Luminal shape and aortic remodelling after total arch replacement for type A aortic dissection: conventional and frozen elephant trunks
Authors: Sato Hiroshi , Iba Yutaka , Mikami Takuma , Tsushima Shingo , Uchiyama Hiroki , Hosaka Itaru , Mukawa Kei , Iwashiro Yu , Arihara Ayaka , Miura Shuhei , Shibata Tsuyoshi , Nakazawa Jyunji , Nakajima Tomohiro , Komatsu Shigeki , Kawaharada Nobuyoshi , Fukada Joji 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
This study was performed to assess postoperative aortic remodelling (AR) after total arch replacement for acute type A aortic dissection (AAD) with a frozen elephant trunk (FET) or conventional elephant trunk (cET). Furthermore, the shape of the residual true lumen was analysed based on elliptical Fourier analysis and evaluated as a predictor of AR.

METHODS
This study involved patients who underwent total arch replacement with a cET or FET for AAD from December 2006 to January 2023 at five institutions. AR was assessed at the levels of the 4th thoracic vertebra (Th4), Th7, Th10, and above the coeliac trunk. The shape of the residual true lumen at all four levels was analysed based on elliptical Fourier analysis to calculate shape patterns as principal component (PC) values. Inverse probability of treatment weighting was performed for adjustment between the groups.

RESULTS
In total, 180 patients (88 with cET and 92 with FET) were enrolled. The complete AR rate, defined as false lumen remodelling throughout the entire descending thoracic aorta, was significantly higher in the FET than cET group (63.4% vs 32.0%, P = 0.0013). The inverse probability of treatment weighting-adjusted Fine–Gray regression model revealed that the mean PC2 (hazard ratio, 0.22; P &lt; 0.001) and PC3 (hazard ratio, 0.24; P = 0.009) of the four levels were independent predictors of complete AR.

CONCLUSIONS
In AAD repair, the AR rate was significantly higher with use of the FET than cET. The shape patterns of the residual true lumen can be an important reference for predicting postoperative AR.
Concomitant gut dysbiosis and defective gut barrier serve as the bridges between hypercortisolism and chronic systemic inflammation in Cushing’s disease
Authors: Lin Ben , Melnikov Vladimir , Guo Sichen , Cao Zhan , Ye Zhao , Ye Zhen , Ji Chenxing , Chen Jiajun , Wang Jianxin , Zhang Hanwen , Jiang Yiming , Shi Chengzhang , Chen Zhengyuan , Zhang Qilin , Ma Zengyi , Qiao Nidan , Chen Long , Wang Meng , Wang Yongfei , Zhang Zhaoyun , Ye Hongying , Li Yiming , Zhang Yichao , Gao Renyuan , Yu Yifei 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objective
The aim of this study was to investigate the gut microbial signatures and related pathophysiological implications in patients with Cushing's disease (CD).

Design and methods
Twenty-seven patients with CD and 45 healthy controls were enrolled. Based on obtained metagenomics data, we performed correlation, network study, and genome interaction group (GIG) analysis. Fecal metabolomics and serum enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) analysis were conducted in dichotomized CD patients. Caco-2 cells were incubated with gradient concentrations of cortisol for subsequent transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) measurement, FITC-dextran transwell permeability assay, qPCR, and western blot analysis.

Results
Gut microbial composition in patients with CD was notably different from that in healthy controls. Network analysis revealed that Eubacterium siraeum might serve as the core specie in the gut microbial system of CD patients. Subsequent GIG analysis identified the positive correlations between GIG9 and UFC. Further serum ELISA and fecal metabolomics uncovered that CD patients with elevated UFC levels were characterized with increased lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP). Moreover, remarkable positive association was found between LBP level and relative abundance of E. siraeum. TEER and FITC-dextran transwell assays demonstrated that hypercortisolism induced increased gut permeability. Further qPCR and western blot analysis suggested that dysregulated AhR/Claudin 2 axis might be involved in the development of hypercortisolism-induced defective gut barrier function

Conclusions
Disease activity associated dysbiosis and defective gut barrier might jointly facilitate the development of systemic inflammation in patients with CD.
Parenthood and poverty risk within couples: individual and household poverty risks by gender and education in four European countries
Authors: Siegert Christina 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This study examines how the presence of children is associated with poverty risk within different-sex couples across welfare state regimes, using no- and full-income pooling scenarios. It focuses on whether partners can achieve an adequate living standard without relying on family ties, and how the costs of children shape poverty risk within these scenarios. Using cross-sectional EU-SILC data (2016–2019) on 30,150 coresidential couples from Austria, France, Spain, and Sweden, I use linear probability models (LPM) to estimate household and individual poverty risks among partners with/out children, by education, gender and country. The results indicate that poverty risks vary by gender, income pooling scenario and country. While partners bear household poverty risks together, there is a pronounced gender gap in individual poverty risk across countries. Men, regardless of their education and fatherhood status, have a relatively low individual poverty risk, with little difference between income pooling scenarios. Conversely, women, especially low-educated mothers, have a higher individual than household poverty risk. Observed cross-country variations highlight that the relationship between motherhood and poverty risk is context-specific. Although education is often promoted as a shield against poverty, in some countries, such as Austria, highly educated mothers also face a high individual poverty risk.
Is There a Link Between Older Adults’ Frequency of (Face-to-Face and Remote) Contact With Grandchildren and Cognitive Functioning Over 12 Years?
Authors: Chereches Flavia S , Ballhausen Nicola , Olaru Gabriel , Laukka Erika J , Brehmer Yvonne 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Past research has linked more frequent social contacts with better cognition and slower cognitive decline in older adults. An open question is whether face-to-face and remote contact with one’s grandchildren can be beneficial.

Methods
We analyzed data from the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care in Kungsholmen covering a span of 12 years and 2 age cohorts (young–old &lt;78, N = 1100; old–old ≥78 years, N = 705). We used latent growth curve models to examine whether frequency of face-to-face or remote grandchild contact was associated with cognitive levels and decline and applied (random intercept) cross-lagged models to investigate if these associations were reciprocal.

Results
Face-to-face contact with grandchildren was positively linked to levels of cognition in young–old adults only. We found no associations with cognitive decline. Results of cross-lagged models suggested that grandparents with better cognition had more face-to-face (for young–old adults only) or remote (for old–old adults only) grandchild contact at subsequent waves. However, more grandchild contact was not associated with later cognition.

Discussion
Our findings suggest that grandparents with better cognition engage more with their grandchildren, but that frequency of grandchild contact is not a protective factor against later cognitive decline in older adults.
Risk factors for wrong-patient medication orders in the emergency department
Authors: Krummrey Gert , Sauter Thomas C , Hautz Wolf E , Müller Martin , Schwappach David L B 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objectives
This paper investigates the risk factors for wrong-patient medication orders in an emergency department (ED) by studying intercepted ordering errors identified by the “retract-and-reorder” (RaR) metric (orders that were retracted and reordered for a different patient by the same provider within 10 min).

Materials and Methods
Medication ordering data of an academic ED were analyzed to identify RaR events. The association of RaR events with similarity of patient names and birthdates, matching sex, age difference, the month, weekday, and hour of the RaR event, the elapsed hours since ED shift start, and the proximity of exam rooms in the electronic medical record (EMR) dashboard’s layout was evaluated.

Results
Over 5 years (2017-2021), 1031 RaR events were identified among a total of 561 099 medication orders leading to a proportional incidence of 184 per 100 000 ED orders (95% CI: 172; 195). RaR orders were less likely to be performed by nurses compared to physicians (OR 0.54 [0.47; 0.61], P &lt; .001). Furthermore, RaR pairs were more likely to have the same sex (OR 1.26 [95% CI 1.10; 1.43], P = .001) and the proximity of the exam rooms was closer (−0.62 [95% CI −0.77; −0.47], P = .001) compared to control pairs. Patients’ names, birthdates, age, and the other factors showed no significant association (P &gt; .005).

Discussion and Conclusion
This study found no significant influence from factors such as similarity of patient names, age, or birthdates. However, the proximity of exam rooms in the user interface of the EMR as well as patients’ same sex emerged as risk factors.
Predation on eggs and larvae of the Japanese brown frog Rana japonica Boulenger, 1879 by the invasive crayfish Procambarus clarkii (Girard, 1852) (Decapoda: Astacidea: Cambaridae) under laboratory conditions
Authors: Luong Quang-Tuong , Katsuhara Koki R , Nakata Kazuyoshi 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We hypothesized that the North American invasive crayfish Procambarus clarkii (Girard, 1852) can negatively affect the populations of native frog species through predation. We conducted three laboratory experiments to examine whether P. clarkii can prey on eggs or larvae of the Japanese native frog Rana japonicaBoulenger, 1879: Experiment I crayfish + frog egg in an aquarium without a substrate or aquatic plants, Experiment II crayfish + frog larva in an aquarium without a substrate or aquatic plants, and Experiment III crayfish + frog larva in an aquarium with a substrate and aquatic plants as shelter for the larva. We used three experimental groups of crayfish individuals (small, intermediate, and large size), each of 10 individuals, and simultaneously placed one crayfish individual and one egg or frog larva in the same aquarium for 24 h and checked for predation by the crayfish. We found that 88.9% and 86.7% of eggs and larvae used in Experiments I and II were preyed upon, respectively. Predation rate of frog larvae was still high (77.8%) in Experiment III, suggesting that crayfish can potentially find and prey on frog larvae in nature. Predation on frog eggs or larvae was high regardless of the crayfish body size. Our results indicate that P. clarkii can potentially have a marked effect on the population of R. japonica by preying on eggs and larvae.
How the Materials of Objects Shape Consumption: An Affordance Theory Perspective
Authors: Pavlyuchenko Roman , Dion Delphine 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Glasses and stones, metals and textiles, leathers and plastics … . The materials of objects can shape consumption in a variety of ways. Drawing on affordance theory, the authors conceptualize materials as prominent drivers of object affordances, that is, action (im)possibilities with and around objects. The authors explain when, how, and what materials drive object affordances. And, they explain how consumers actualize (or put to use) materials-driven object affordances. This research makes three contributions. First, the authors propose post-hylomorphism as a novel principle of understanding materiality that recognizes matter as a prominent driver of object affordances. Second, the authors explicate how the matter-ness of objects increases object agency and reduces consumer agency. Third, the authors introduce the concept of object affordance management as a novel way to understand how consumers manage object affordances by increasing action possibilities while reducing action impossibilities via a range of processes and micro-practices.
Utopia of Safe Air: How Soviet Research Challenged Western Air Quality Norms, 1950s-1960s
Authors: Mäkiranta Janne 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
During the mid-twentieth century, the Soviet Union developed ambitious hygiene standards for clean air that were grounded in extremely sensitive methods of physiological research. As Western experts sought to develop universal standards for environmental regulation, Soviet hygiene research posed a challenge. This article examines the discussions surrounding the Soviet approach at international conferences on air pollution and industrial hygiene during the mid-twentieth century. The article shows that although the Soviet approach was rejected especially by United States experts, many of its qualities resonated with the ongoing discussions about environmental health in the US. The sensitive and holistic methods of the Soviets were compelling in the effort to reveal the most subtle effects environments had on human health. This article shows how the rejection of Soviet standards stemmed not from different scientific methods but from the differences in the overall ideals of environmental regulation. I argue that Soviet hygiene can be seen as an extreme version of technocratic expertise, and its failure highlights the limits of scientific expertise in managing environmental pollution.
Resolution improvement of differential phase-contrast microscopy via tilt-series acquisition for environmental cell application
Authors: Mitsuishi Kazutaka , Ichihashi Fumiaki , Takahashi Yoshio , Nakazawa Katsuaki , Takeguchi Masaki , Hashimoto Ayako , Tanigaki Toshiaki 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
A simple method that improves the resolution of phase measurement in differential phase-contrast scanning transmission electron microscopy for closed-type environmental cell applications was developed and tested using a model sample simulating environmental cell observations. Because the top and bottom membranes of an environmental cell are typically far apart, the images from these membranes are shifted widely by tilt-series acquisition, and averaging the images after alignment can effectively eliminate undesired signals from the membranes while improving the signal from the object of interest. It was demonstrated that a phase precision of 2π/100 rad is well achievable using the proposed method for the sample in an environmental cell.