bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Randomized Trial of Hypofractionated, Dose-Escalated, Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT) Versus Conventionally Fractionated IMRT for Localized Prostate Cancer
Authors: Hoffman Karen E. , Voong K. Ranh , Levy Lawrence B. , Allen Pamela K. , Choi Seungtaek , Schlembach Pamela J. , Lee Andrew K. , McGuire Sean E. , Nguyen Quynh , Pugh Thomas J. , Frank Steven J. , Kudchadker Rajat J. , Du Weiliang , Kuban Deborah A. 
Published: August 2018

Purpose Hypofractionated radiotherapy delivers larger daily doses of radiation and may increase the biologically effective dose delivered to the prostate. We conducted a randomized trial testing the hypothesis that dose-escalated, moderately hypofractionated intensity-modulated radiation therapy (HIMRT) improves prostate cancer control compared with conventionally fractionated IMRT (CIMRT) for men with localized prostate cancer. Patients and Methods Men were randomly assigned to 75.6 Gy in 1.8-Gy fractions delivered over 8.4 weeks (CIMRT) or 72 Gy in 2.4 Gy fractions delivered over 6 weeks (HIMRT, biologically equivalent to 85 Gy in 1.8-Gy fractions assuming prostate cancer α-to-β ratio of 1.5). Failure was defined as prostate-specific antigen (PSA) failure (nadir plus 2 ng/mL) or initiation of salvage therapy. Modified Radiation Therapy Oncology Group criteria were used to grade late (≥ 90 days after completion of radiotherapy) GI and genitourinary toxicity. Results Most of the 206 men (72%) had cT1, Gleason score 6 or 7 (99%), and PSA level ≤ 10 ng/mL (90%) disease. Androgen deprivation therapy was received by 24%. With a median follow-up of 8.5 years, men treated with HIMRT experienced fewer treatment failures (n = 10) than men treated with CIMRT (n = 21; P = .036). The 8-year failure rate was 10.7% (95% CI, 5.8% to 19.1%) with HIMRT and 15.4% (95% CI, 9.1% to 25.4%) with CIMRT. There was no difference in overall survival ( P = .39). There was a nonsignificant increase in late grade 2 or 3 GI toxicity with HIMRT (8-year 5.0% v 12.6%; P = .08). However, GI toxicity was only 8.6% when rectal volume receiving 65 Gy of HIMRT was ≤ 15%. Late genitourinary toxicity was similar ( P = .84). There was no grade 4 toxicity. Conclusion The results of this randomized trial demonstrate superior cancer control for men with localized prostate cancer who receive dose-escalated moderately hypofractionation radiotherapy while shortening treatment duration.
Tumor Mutation Burden as a Biomarker in Resected Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Devarakonda Siddhartha , Rotolo Federico , Tsao Ming-Sound , Lanc Irena , Brambilla Elisabeth , Masood Ashiq , Olaussen Ken A. , Fulton Robert , Sakashita Shingo , McLeer-Florin Anne , Ding Keyue , Le Teuff Gwénaël , Shepherd Frances A. , Pignon Jean-Pierre , Graziano Stephen L. , Kratzke Robert , Soria Jean-Charles , Seymour Lesley , Govindan Ramaswamy , Michiels Stefan 
Published: August 2018

Purpose The survival benefit with adjuvant chemotherapy for patients with resected stage II-III non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is modest. Efforts to develop prognostic or predictive biomarkers in these patients have not yielded clinically useful tests. We report findings from the Lung Adjuvant Cisplatin Evaluation (LACE)-Bio-II study, in which we analyzed next-generation sequencing and long-term outcomes data from > 900 patients with early-stage NSCLC treated prospectively in adjuvant landmark clinical trials. We used a targeted gene panel to assess the prognostic and predictive effect of mutations in individual genes, DNA repair pathways, and tumor mutation burden (TMB). Methods A total of 908 unmatched, formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded, resected lung cancer tumor specimens were sequenced using a targeted panel of 1,538 genes. Stringent filtering criteria were applied to exclude germline variants and artifacts related to formalin fixation. Disease-free survival, overall survival, and lung cancer—specific survival (LCSS) were assessed in Cox models stratified by trial and adjusted for treatment, age, sex, performance score, histology, type of surgery, and stage. Results Nonsynonymous mutations were identified in 1,515 genes in 908 tumor samples. High nonsynonymous TMB (> 8 mutations/Mb) was prognostic for favorable outcomes (ie, overall survival, disease-free survival, and LCSS) in patients with resected NSCLC. LCSS benefit with adjuvant chemotherapy was more pronounced in patients with low nonsynonymous TMBs (≤ 4 mutations/Mb). Presence of mutations in DNA repair pathways, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, TP53 alteration subtype, and intratumor heterogeneity was neither prognostic nor predictive. Statistically significant effect of mutations in individual genes was difficult to determine due to high false-discovery rates. Conclusion High nonsynonymous TMB was associated with a better prognosis in patients with resected NSCLC. In addition, the benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy on LCSS was more pronounced in patients with low nonsynonymous TMBs. Studies are warranted to confirm these findings.
An opportunity for clinical pharmacology trained physicians to improve patient drug safety: A retrospective analysis of adverse drug reactions in teenagers
Authors: Eugene Andy R. , Eugene Beata 
Published: August 2018

Background: Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are a major cause of hospital admissions, prolonged hospital stays, morbidity, and drug-related mortality. In this study, we sought to identify the most frequently reported medications and associated side effects in adolescent-aged patients in an effort to prioritize clinical pharmacology consultation efforts for hospitals seeking to improve patient safety. Methods: Quarterly reported data were obtained from the United States Food and Drug Administration Adverse Events Reporting System (FAERS) from the third quarter of 2014 and ending in the third quarter of 2017. We then used the GeneCards database to map the pharmacogenomic biomarkers associated with the most reported FAERS drugs. Data homogenization and statistics analysis were all conducted in R for statistical programming. Results: We identified risperidone (10.64%) as the compound with the most reported ADRs from all reported cases. Males represented 90.1% of reported risperidone cases with gynecomastia being the most reported ADR. Ibuprofen OR=188 (95% CI, 105.00 – 335.00) and quetiapine fumarate OR=116 (95% CI, 48.40 – 278.00) were associated with the highest odds of completed suicide in teenagers. Ondansetron hydrochloride OR=7.12 (95% CI, 1.59 – 31.9) resulted in the highest odds of pneumothorax. Lastly, olanzapine (8.96%) represented the compound with the most reported drug-drug interactions cases, while valproic acid OR=221 (95% CI, 93.900 – 522.00) was associated with the highest odds of drug-drug interactions. Conclusion: Despite any data limitations, physicians prescribing risperidone in males should be aware of the high rates of adverse drug events and an alternative psychotropic should be considered in male patients. Further, patients with a history of pneumothorax or genetically predisposed to pneumothorax should be considered for an alternative antiemetic to ondansetron hydrochloride, due to increased odds associated with the drug and adverse event.
FİNANSMAN ŞİRKETLERİNDE İÇ KONTROL YAPISI YÖNTEMİ
Authors: TÜREDİ Hasan , TEPEGÖZ Şükrü Mete 
Published: August 2018

﻿İktisadi faaliyetlerin gelişmesi, mali sisteme
kaynak sağlayan yeni kurumlar ve uygulamaların ortaya çıkmasını sağlamıştır.
Finansman şirketleri, mali sisteme kaynak sağlayan banka dışı kuruluşlardır. Bu
kuruluşlar, 6361 sayılı Finansal Kiralama, Faktoring ve Finansman
Şirketleri Kanunu ile düzenlenmiştir. Finansman şirketleri,
alıcılara vadeli ödeme imkanı tanıyan, satıcı işletmenin mal bedelini peşin
tahsil etmesine aracılık eden kuruluşlardır. Finansman şirketleri
aracılığıyla kaynak sağlanması yöntemi üretime ve harcamalar yoluyla iktisadi
büyümeye destek veren olumlu bir uygulamadır. Bu nedenle üzerinde daha fazla
çalışılması gereken bir alan olduğu düşünülmektedir.Finansal Kiralama,
Faktoring ve Finansman Şirketleri Kanununun 14. maddesinde, finansal
kuruluşların faaliyetlerinin etkin ve verimli şekilde yürütülmesi için bir iç
kontrol yapısı oluşturulmasının önemli olduğu vurgulanmaktadır.Çalışmada,
finansman şirketleri için uygulanabilir etkin iç kontrol yapısı yöntemi
önerilmektedir. Sağlıklı bir iç kontrol yapısının kurulması ve uygulaması, mali
kaynak sağlayan işletmeler kadar, genel iktisadi yapının sağlıklı işlemesi
açısından da önem arz etmektedir.
Properties of AlSi9Cu3 metal matrix micro and nano composites produced via stir casting
Authors: Ünal Tennur Gülşen , Diler Ege Anıl 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The effects of micro and nano sized reinforcement particles on microstructure and mechanical properties of aluminium alloy-based metal matrix composites were investigated in this study. AlSi9Cu3 alloy was reinforced with micro and nano sized ceramic reinforcement particles at different weight fractions by using a stir casting method. The mechanical tests (hardness, three point bending) were performed to determine the mechanical properties of AlSi9Cu3 alloy-based microcomposites (AMMCs) and nanocomposites (AMMNCs). The experimental results have shown that the size and weight fraction of reinforcement particles have a strong influence on the microstructure and the mechanical properties of AlSi9Cu3 alloy-based microcomposites and nanocomposites. The relative densities of all AMMC and AMMNC samples are lower than unreinforced AlSi9Cu3 alloy due to porosity formation with the increase of weight fraction of reinforcement particles. As weight fraction increases, hardness values of AMMCs and AMMNCs increase. Maximum flexural strength can be obtained at 3.5wt.% for the AMMC sample with microsized Al2O3 particles and at 2wt.% for the AMMNC sample with nano-sized Al2O3 particles. After the weight fractions exceed these values, flexural strengths of both AMMCs and AMMNCs decrease due to clustering of Al2O3 particles.
Complex structures on the complexification of a real Lie algebra
Authors: Yamada Takumi 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Let g = a+b be a Lie algebra with a direct sum decomposition such that a and b are Lie subalgebras. Then, we can construct an integrable complex structure J̃ on h = ℝ(gℂ) from the decomposition, where ℝ(gℂ) is a real Lie algebra obtained from gℂby the scalar restriction. Conversely, let J̃ be an integrable complex structure on h = ℝ(gℂ). Then, we have a direct sum decomposition g = a + b such that a and b are Lie subalgebras. We also investigate relations between the decomposition g = a + b and dim Hs.t
∂̄
J̃ (hℂ).
A novel photoelectrode of NiO@ZnO nanocomposite prepared by Pechini method coupled with PLD for efficiency enhancement in DSSCs
Authors: Nada Amr A. , Selim Hanaa , Bechelany Mikhael 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe dye-sensitized solar cells made of NiO@ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized by a novel Pechini route using different NiO molar concentration ratios. The thermal, structural morphological, optical and electrical properties of the prepared samples were investigated using thermal gravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetery (TGA/DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), FT-IR and Raman spectroscopy, UV-diffuse reflectance (UV-DRS), photoluminescence (PL) and current-voltage (I-V) measurements. The success of doping process was confirmed by the XRD patterns, which revealed the existence of new peak at 43.2° corresponding to secondary phase NiO. UV spectra exhibited red shifts in NiO doped ZnO NCs and PL spectra showed strong emission band at 355 nm. The doping of ZnO with NiO was intended to enhance the surface defects of ZnO. The current-voltage measurements showed an improvement of the short circuit photocurrent (Jsc) and fill factor (FF) and a decrease in the open circuit voltage (VOC) for dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) based on NiO-ZnO NCs. A clear enhancement in efficiency of DSSC from 1.26±0.10 % for pure ZnO to 3.01±0.25 % for NiO-ZnO NCs at the optimum doping with 1.5 mol% of NiO to ZnO (ZN1.5) was observed. The obtained material can be a suitable candidate for photovoltaic applications.
Accurate determination of pesticides, hormones and endocrine disruptor compounds in complex environmental samples using matrix dilution and matrix matching with dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction
Authors: Chormey Dotse Selali , Fırat Merve , Büyükpınar Çağdaş , Erulaş Fatih , Komesli Okan Tarık , Turak Fatma , Bakırdere Sezgin 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Quantitative determination of contaminants in environmental samples is usually hampered by low analyte recovery which results from the complex nature of the sample matrix. This study presents the application of a developed dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction method for the determination of 12 analytes in environmental samples including sea water, fresh water (lake, well and tap water), brackish water and soil samples. Matrix matched standards were used to compensate for the low analyte recovery recorded by the conventional calibration method. The effect of matrix dilution on analyte recovery was also tested. All matrix matched and matrix diluted spiked recoveries were done concurrently with calibration standards prepared in deionized water. Percent recoveries recorded for the analytes according to deionized water calibration standards ranged between 66 and 137%. Matrix matching and matrix dilution yielded close to 100% recovery results, but the later lowered the detection limit according to the dilution factor.
Deliberat Nero: una declamazione ‘nascosta’ in Suet. Ner. 47.2
Authors: Mancini Alessio 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
In a passage of the Life of Nero (Suet. Ner. 47.2) concerning the emperor’s indecision over what to do after the revolt of the provincial armies, it can clearly be seen that there is an influence from an argumentative structure particular to a certain type of deliberative oratory, the suasoria triplex. This influence may be due simply to Suetonius’ familiarity with the declamatory exercises in vogue at the rhetorical schools, but some hints allow us to suppose the existence of a suasoria theme that took as its subject this very episode in the life of the emperor.
Influence of Aging on Healing of Asphalt Binder
Authors: Mannan Umme Amina , Tarefder Rafiqul A. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
This study investigates the effect of aging on the healing behavior of asphalt binder. Asphalt binders were subjected to the different types of aging in a laboratory to simulate the field aging. In this study, Rolling Thin-Film Oven, Pressure Aging Vessel (PAV), and double PAV were used to condition the binder in the laboratory. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy analysis was used to identify the change in the functional groups of the asphalt binder that is due to aging. Dynamic Shear Rheometer was used for the healing (fatigue with rest period) test at different rest periods. Also, the tack test was used to evaluate the change in the cohesion of the binder that was due to aging. Finally, the healing test data were fitted to a physicochemical healing model developed by Wool and O’Connor. This model divides the overall binder healing into two parts: instant healing and long-term healing. Results show that the overall healing decreases because of aging, and the long-term healing rate is inversely proportional to the sulfoxide groups in the aged binder. Aging causes a reduction in both the instant and the long-term healing by reducing the molecular mobility and the long-chained molecular structure of the asphalt binders. In summary, the healing of asphalt binder deteriorates when the binder is aged.
Performance Evaluation of Metallic and Synthetic Fiber Hybridization on the Cyclic Behavior of Exterior Beam-Column Joint
Authors: Siva Chidambaram R. , Agarwal Pankaj 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe influence of different fiber profiles and fiber hybridization on the cyclic behavior of an exterior beam-column joint is experimentally studied and compared with conventional specimens. In the beam-column joint, the joint region concrete is substituted with fiber-reinforced concrete (FRC)/hybrid fiber-reinforced concrete (HyFRC) and tested under reverse cyclic loading to examine the inelastic response. The physical properties of composites employed are examined using cylindrical specimens under uniaxial compression. The stress–strain behavior shows tremendous difference in peak and post-peak strength and strain with respect to the volume and type of fibers in the composites. The test results of joint specimens validate that the hybridization of polypropylene fiber with metallic fiber offers better shear resistance and also improves the damage tolerance capacity like high-volume FRC specimens without critical joint detailing. The damping and energy dissipation response of FRC/HyFRC specimens clearly show that the need for seismic detailing can be eliminated using FRC/HyFRC.
The Effects of pH and Temperature on Compressive Strength of Synthetic Fiber-Reinforced Concrete Cylinders Exposed to Sulfuric Acid
Authors: Mahdavi Maziar , Abolmaali Ali , Ghahremannejad Masoud 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Synthetic fibers are among the various types of fibers being used to improve the tensile behavior of concrete. They have a competitive edge over other fibers because they are resistant to most chemicals, which increases the durability. Acid attacks are one of the most threatening scenarios, especially for concrete sewer pipes and culverts. In this study, dry cast concrete cylinders, reinforced with two different volume fractions (0.52 % and 1.04 %) of polypropylene fibers, were constructed and immersed for four months in sulfuric acid solutions of two different pH and three different temperatures. The results showed that a fiber volume fraction of 1.04 % reduces the adverse effects of acid on the compressive strength of concrete, and higher temperatures and lower pH lead to extreme deterioration. The results of this study revealed that a pH of 2.5, along with the highest temperature, deteriorated the specimens more than twice as much as a pH of 4.5 at the lowest temperature.
Field Experimental of Eliminating Geomembrane Air Expansion by Vacuumizing for Plain Reservoir
Authors: Li Wang-lin , Li Zhi-qiang , Su Xiao-cheng , Xu Fang , Wei Ru-chun , Zhang Bo-fan 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The geomembrane liner has been extensively utilized as a containment system for the construction of reservoirs, ponds, and lagoons. In the reservoirs that are completely lined with geomembranes, a number of factors could cause geomembrane air expansion, including the rising of groundwater level, a rapid decrease in the reservoir water level, and geomembrane defects. Geomembrane air expansion would increase the risk of failure of the geomembrane liner. At present, sand ditch exhaust systems are often employed to eliminate pore air pressure, however, the effect is not obvious. In this article, the method of vacuumizing is proposed to eliminate geomembrane air expansion. A field experiment was performed to verify the validity of the proposed method. Experimental results indicated that: (1) during the storage period of the plain reservoir, leakage water flowed into the sand ditch exhaust system, which would greatly reduce pore air exhaust efficiency of the sand ditch exhaust system; (2) the proposed method could be employed to suck out the pore air under geomembrane liner, and thus, the problem of geomembrane air expansion was solved effectively.
Testing and Analysis of Chen Chaotic Mapping for Speech Cryptography
Authors: Sathiyamurthi P. , Ramakrishnan S. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The attempts to improve the security of the speech signals are increasing with new encryption schemes. Many recent researches of speech encryption algorithms have been increasingly based on chaotic systems, but the drawbacks of weak security and small key space in one-dimensional chaotic cryptosystems are conspicuous. In this article, a new speech encryption scheme is used. It employs one of the three-dimensional chaotic systems to encrypt a source signal by permutations, thereby confusing the relationship between the cipher signal and the plain signal. A higher-order polynomial equation and rotating matrix are used to strengthen the proposed method. It significantly increases the resistance to attacks. The proposed system has the advantages of smaller iteration times and bigger key space. The system has entertained high-security analysis such as the signal-to-noise ratio, peak signal-to-noise ratio, auto correlation, key sensitivity analysis, number of sample change rate, unified average changing intensity, and histogram analysis. The analysis results illustrate that the proposed system is highly efficient and robust to threats.
Model Test Study on Horizontal Static Loading of Suction Bucket Foundation under Different Scour Conditions
Authors: Chen Xuguang , Xu Jianpeng , Qin Hongde , Zhou Lin , Ma Tianchi , Liu Xixi , Liu Jinzhong 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Under a scouring action, scouring holes occur around a suction bucket foundation and have different depths and widths. The loss of soil in scouring holes causes changes in the stress history of the remaining soil. In this study, considering the stress history, scouring depth, scouring width, and length-diameter ratio, we conducted a horizontal static loading model test of a suction bucket foundation in sand. We obtained a variation law for the ultimate bearing capacity of the foundation considering three aspects: displacement change, soil pressure distribution, and turning point position. In addition, we summarized the relationship between horizontal loads and displacements at different aspect ratios. We also demonstrated the influence of scouring factors on the distribution of soil pressure and the rotation point and revealed the mechanism influencing the scouring depth, scouring width, and history of stress on the horizontal bearing capacity of a suction bucket foundation.
Cholecystokinin Switches the Plasticity of GABA Synapses in the Dorsomedial Hypothalamus via Astrocytic ATP Release
Authors: Crosby Karen M. , Murphy-Royal Ciaran , Wilson Sarah A. , Gordon Grant R. , Bains Jaideep S. , Pittman Quentin J. 
Published: August 2018

Whether synapses in appetite-regulatory brain regions undergo long-term changes in strength in response to satiety peptides is poorly understood. Here we show that following bursts of afferent activity, the neuromodulator and satiety peptide cholecystokinin (CCK) shifts the plasticity of GABA synapses in the dorsomedial nucleus of the hypothalamus of male Sprague Dawley rats from long-term depression to long-term potentiation (LTP). This LTP requires the activation of both type 2 CCK receptors and group 5 metabotropic glutamate receptors, resulting in a rise in astrocytic intracellular calcium and subsequent ATP release. ATP then acts on presynaptic P2X receptors to trigger a prolonged increase in GABA release. Our observations demonstrate a novel form of CCK-mediated plasticity that requires astrocytic ATP release, and could serve as a mechanism for appetite regulation.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTSatiety peptides, like cholecystokinin, play an important role in the central regulation of appetite, but their effect on synaptic plasticity is not well understood. The current data provide novel evidence that cholecystokinin shifts the plasticity from long-term depression to long-term potentiation at GABA synapses in the rat dorsomedial nucleus of the hypothalamus. We also demonstrate that this plasticity requires the concerted action of cholecystokinin and glutamate on astrocytes, triggering the release of the gliotransmitter ATP, which subsequently increases GABA release from neighboring inhibitory terminals. This research reveals a novel neuropeptide-induced switch in the direction of synaptic plasticity that requires astrocytes, and could represent a new mechanism by which cholecystokinin regulates appetite.