bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Convective–radiative heat transfer in a cavity filled with a nanofluid under the effect of a nonuniformly heated plate
Authors: Sheremet Mikhail , Chinnasamy Sivaraj 
Published: June 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to examine the radiation effect on the natural convective heat transfer of an alumina–water nanofluid in a square cavity in the presence of centered nonuniformly heated plate.

Design/methodology/approach
The square cavity filled with alumina–water nanofluid has a nonuniformly heated plate placed horizontally or vertically at its center. The plate is heated isothermally with linearly varying temperature. The vertical walls are cooled isothermally with a constant temperature, while the horizontal walls are insulated. The governing equations have been discretized using finite volume method on a uniformly staggered grid system. Simulations were carried out for different values of the heated plate nonuniformity parameter (λ = –1, 0 and 1), the nanoparticles solid volume fraction (Φ = 0.01 − 0.04) and the radiation parameter (Rd = 0 – 2) at the Rayleigh number of Ra = 1e+07.

Findings
It is found that the total heat transfer rate is enhanced with an increase in the radiation parameter for both the horizontal and vertical plates. The role of nanoparticles addition to the base fluid can have dual effects on the heat transfer rate by augmenting and dampening for the absence of radiation while it dampens the heat transfer rate for the presence of radiation.

Originality/value
The originality of this work is to analyze steady natural convection in a square cavity filled with a water-based nanofluid in the presence of centered nonuniformly heated plate. The results would benefit scientists and engineers to become familiar with the analysis of convective heat and mass transfer in nanofluids, and the way to predict the properties of nanofluid convective flow in advanced technical systems, in industrial sectors including transportation, power generation, chemical sectors, electronics, etc.
Brand management in mergers and acquisitions
Authors: Liu Yipeng , Öberg Christina , Tarba Shlomo Yedidia , Xing Yijun 
Published: June 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to focus on emerging market companies that internationalize into advanced economies by means of acquisitions and to investigate brand management during post-acquisition integration from a multi-level perspective and to identify how a brand management strategy can be constructed. It takes into account the influences of country-of-origin image, corporate brand and brand portfolio to obtain a granular view of post-acquisition brand management.

Design/methodology/approach
A multiple case study approach was adopted. By using case studies and storytelling qualitative research methods, the empirical setting was related to the acquisitions undertaken by Chinese companies in Germany.

Findings
The authors identified three mechanisms for brand management in the post-acquisition integration of emerging market companies – namely, transferring, dynamically redeploying and categorizing – that underpin the interconnection and combined influence of country-of-origin image at the national level, corporate brand at the organizational level and brand portfolio at the product level.

Practical implications
Brand has been viewed as a strategic asset in Chinese cross-border mergers and acquisitions (M&As). Brand management is a dynamic process that involves learning and interaction between the acquirer and target. The research offers a practical guideline for both acquirers and targets in managing brand in the context of acquisitions undertaken by emerging market companies in advanced economies.

Originality/value
The findings provide important insights into the brand management strategies adopted in Chinese cross-border M&As in particular, and emerging market companies venturing into advanced economies in general. The interlinking of country, company and product levels introduces new ideas to the brand literature related to acquisitions, and the setting of Chinese companies acquiring German ones constitutes an important contribution to the understanding of the different ways in which companies from emerging economies may pursue branding strategies in the context of cross-border M&As.
Stewardship behaviour and perceived goal congruence in local governments in Uganda
Authors: Lubogoyi Bumaali , Kasekende Francis , Kagaari James , Ngoma Muhammed , Munene John C. , Bakunda Geofrey 
Published: June 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between stewardship behaviour and perceived goal congruence. Using local governments, the paper introduces collectivism as a moderating variable to ascertain whether the mixed views in the stewardship behaviour-perceived goal congruence nexus is due to variations in collectivism.Design/methodology/approachThe paper espouses a cross-sectional descriptive and analytical design. The authors use structural equation modelling to investigate hypotheses. Using proportionate and simple random sampling procedures, a sample of 310 respondents were drawn from local governments in Uganda of which a response rate of 72.6 per cent was obtained.FindingsThe findings show that stewardship behaviour and collectivism are significant predictors of perceived goal congruence. Furthermore, the magnitude effect of stewardship behaviour on perceived goal congruence depends on collectivism; implying that the assumption of non-additivity is met.Research limitations/implicationsOnly a single research methodological approach was employed and future research through interviews could be undertaken to triangulate.Practical implicationsVariations that occur in stewardship behaviour create variations in goal congruence in local governments. It is confirmed that collectivism technically strengthens the link between stewardship behaviour and perceived goal congruence: suggesting that indeed collectivism could establish a maximal impact on the stewardship behaviour—perceived goal congruence link.Originality/valueThis is one of the few studies that focus on testing the interactive effects of collectivism on the relationship between stewardship behaviour and perceived goal congruence in local governments in Uganda.
Taxation of the Bitcoin: initial insights through a correspondence analysis
Authors: Ram Asheer Jaywant 
Published: June 2018

Purpose
The Bitcoin has experienced wide popularity in academic and commercial spheres during the years following 2012. Research has been conducted in respect of information technology, finance and reporting paradigms, but there has been little research into the taxation of the Bitcoin. The purpose of this paper is to present a conceptual approach for developing a taxation policy for the Bitcoin, using a multi-jurisdictional analysis.

Design/methodology/approach
An interpretive mixed-method approach is followed. The traits of the Bitcoin are determined through a review of the literature, followed by the determination of key taxation themes using a multi-jurisdictional view where the jurisdictions were determined using the largest Bitcoin exchanges. These form the row and column headings of the correspondence table research instrument, respectively. The correspondence table was completed by 40 tax experts. Correspondence analysis (a multivariate statistical technique) was then used to determine correlations between the Bitcoin traits and taxation themes, further used to present initial insights into developing a taxation policy for the Bitcoin.

Findings
The correspondence analysis reveals that, contrary to current tax laws, the manner of acquisition as opposed to the reason (intention) for acquisition is key in determining how the Bitcoin is to be taxed. For taxing purposes, Bitcoin is seen as being distinct from currency, given that transactions with the Bitcoin are seen as barter transactions. Finally, because of the unique characteristics of the Bitcoin, it is shown that exchanges and the Bitcoin need to be regulated in the same manner as a currency.

Research limitations/implications
This research focuses on income tax including capital gains tax and consumption taxes and was conducted with a sample of purposefully selected South African tax experts, given that the Bitcoin is experiencing enhanced popularity in South Africa. As a result, this research does not provide generalisable positivist conclusions and does not purport to represent the views of all tax practitioners. This paper does, however, provide an initial mechanism to develop taxation treatments for transactions not covered by existing legislation.

Originality/value
This paper is the first to provide normative recommendations on the taxation of the Bitcoin. Using correspondence analysis, this paper offers an innovative approach for developing taxation policies when a transaction is not specifically included in the extant legislation. Further value is added through the use of a third dimension in the correspondence analysis which enhances the exploratory potential of the research.
The effect of dividend policy on share price volatility: an analysis of Mediterranean banks’ stocks
Authors: Camilleri Silvio John , Grima Luke , Grima Simon 
Published: June 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between the share price volatility of Mediterranean banks and their dividend policies, with particular emphasis on the variation of results across sub-samples and the outcomes when omitting outlier observations.Design/methodology/approachThe authors use dividend yield and dividend payout as proxies of dividend policy, and regress these ratios together with other control variables to model volatility. The robustness of the results is assessed by re-using a data set which omits the outliers relating to the aftermath of the 2007 financial crisis and by forming sub-samples using cluster analysis.FindingsThe results show that the elimination of outliers and the setting up of sub-samples lead to different inferences about the underlying relationship between dividend policy and volatility. In addition traditional indicators of statistical significance may give the impression of a robust relationship, when this may not be the case.Practical implicationsThe paper offers insights to stock traders and corporate managers in terms of better understanding the effect of dividend policies on share price volatility and its related risks and opportunities.Originality/valueThe study presents noteworthy empirical evidence in terms of its rigorous approach towards checking the robustness of results.
Effects of muscarinic acetylcholine receptor stimulation on the differentiation of mouse induced pluripotent stem cells into neural progenitor cells
Authors: Ishizuka Toshiaki , Ozawa Ayako , Katsuura Mieko , Nomura Sayaka , Satoh Yasushi 
Published: June 2018

SummaryMuscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAchRs), which are expressed in various embryonic cells, may regulate neuronal differentiation. In the present study, we examined the effects of mAchR stimulation on the differentiation of mouse induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells into neural progenitor cells (NPCs). Mouse iPS cells were cultured on ultra‐low attachment dishes to induce embryoid body (EB) formation. All‐trans retinoic acid (ATRA, 3 μmol/L) and/or pilocarpine (10 or 100 μmol/L), a mAchR agonist, were added to EB cultures for 4 days, following which the EBs were cultured on gelatin‐coated plates for 7 days. Subtype‐specific antibody staining revealed that mouse iPS cells predominantly express m2‐ and m4‐AchR. Treatment with pilocarpine alone did not affect the expression of Nestin (a specific marker for neural progenitor cells). However, additional treatment with pilocarpine significantly suppressed ATRA‐induced Nestin expression. Pretreating EBs with either AF‐DX116 (an antagonist of both m2‐ and m4‐AchR) or forskolin (an activator of adenylate cyclase) significantly reversed the pilocarpine‐induced suppression of Nestin expression. In addition, treatment with pilocarpine significantly suppressed ATRA‐induced phosphorylation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) response element‐binding protein (CREB). These findings suggest that the stimulation of m2‐ or m4‐AchR suppresses ATRA‐induced differentiation of mouse iPS cells into NPCs by inhibiting the cAMP/protein kinase A pathway and CREB activation.
Identification of a crucial tryptophan residue in ADAMTS13 required for its secretion and enzymatic activity
Authors: Ling Jing , Ma Zhenni , Liu Ling , Yin Jie , Su Jian , Shen Fei , Xie Liqian , Hu Shaoyan 
Published: June 2018

SummaryFunctional deficiency of A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTS)13 causally assists in the pathology of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP). Previous study showed that the WXXW motif is very important to the enzymatic activity of ADAMTS13. However, the functional role for a single amino acid residue within WXXW motif is still undetermined. Here, Trp390 residue within WXXW motif was substituted with Ala to generate Trp390Ala (W390A) mutant ADAMTS13. We found that W390A mutant ADAMTS13 had impaired binding affinity to its substrate Von Willebrand factor (VWF). Moreover, W390A mutant retarded ADAMTS13 secretion, leading to its deposition in endoplasmic reticulum. Compared with the wild type ADAMTS13, W390A mutant also had a decreased cleavage activity for multimeric VWF under both static and shear stress conditions. These data indicate that Trp390 residue within the WXXW motif is required for ADAMTS13 secretion and enzymatic activity, which provide insight into understanding the pathological basis of TTP and opens new avenues for exploring potential treatment strategies.
Unpacking the lunchbox: biopedagogies, mothering and social class
Authors: Cappellini Benedetta , Harman Vicki , Parsons Elizabeth 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThis study investigates how mothers respond to school surveillance of their children's packed lunches. In a context where increasing attention is focused on healthy eating, we adopt a biopedagogical approach to illustrate different positions and strategies which mothers occupy in relation to feeding their children in the school setting. We use photo‐elicitation interviews and focus groups to trace both the discursive and practical significance of these biopedagogies. We find that the subjective experiences of feeding children at school are infused with classed notions of mothering in public. Our analysis highlights two broad positions. Firstly, there were those with strong distinctions between home‐food and school‐food, which was associated more clearly with middle class families. Secondly, there were those with more fluid boundaries between home‐food and school‐food. This was more commonly encapsulated by working class mothers who were seen to place more emphasis on their children as autonomous decision‐makers. Overall the findings document localised and classed practices of resisting the school's normalising gaze.
Microwave ablation with continued EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy prolongs disease control in non‐small‐cell lung cancers with acquired resistance to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors
Authors: Li Xin , Qi Han , Qing Gou , Song Ze , Xie Lin , Cao Fei , Chen Xiaoming , Fan Weijun 
Published: June 2018

BackgroundAlthough patients with EGFR‐mutant non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) benefit from treatment with EGFR‐tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), outcomes are limited by the eventual development of acquired resistance. We conducted a retrospective study to evaluate the efficacy and feasibility of EGFR‐TKI therapy beyond focal progression, associated with microwave ablation.MethodsPatients with metastatic EGFR‐mutant NSCLC treated with EGFR‐TKIs at our institutions from May 2012 to December 2017 were identified. Patients with single lesion progression, treated with MWA, and continually administered EGFR‐TKI therapy until further progression, were included in the study. Initial response to target therapy, median progression‐free survival (PFS1), and first progression site were recorded. The median time to progression after local therapy (PFS2) was also assessed. Overall survival was calculated from the initiation of EGFR‐TKIs to the date of final follow‐up or death.ResultsFifteen out of 205 patients (10%) satisfied the inclusion criteria. Local therapy was well tolerated, and complete ablation was performed in 11 (73.3%) patients. The median PFS1 was 9.5 months (range 6–41), and the median PFS2 was 8 months (range 3–24). The corresponding 6 and 12 month PFS rates were 73.3% and 26.7%, respectively. Median overall survival was 23 months (range 15–64).ConclusionThe longer disease control observed in our patients suggests that continuation of EGFR‐TKI beyond focal progression associated to microwave ablation is an efficacious therapeutic strategy.
Efficacy of repeated surgery is superior to that of non‐surgery for recurrent/second primary lung cancer after initial operation for primary lung cancer
Authors: Zhou Haitao , Kang Xiaozheng , Dai Liang , Yan Wanpu , Yang Yongbo , Lin Yao , Chen Ke‐Neng 
Published: June 2018

BackgroundThe current study aimed to determine the oncological efficacy and surgical safety of multiple pulmonary resections (MPRs) after prior curative surgery for local regional recurrent or second primary lung cancers.MethodsAll cases of lung cancer included in our prospective database between January 2000 and July 2015 were retrospectively reviewed. The oncological efficacy endpoints for synchronous and metachronous MPR were five‐year overall survival (OS), disease‐free survival (DFS), and progression‐free survival (PFS) rates after the second surgery. The surgical safety endpoints were postoperative mortality and complications (Clavien‐Dindo classification) within 30 days.ResultsIn total, 67 MPR cases were identified. There were no significant differences in the five‐year OS and DFS between the synchronous MPR group (n = 50) and the propensity score‐matched solitary major pulmonary resection group (n = 250) (5‐year OS 84.5% vs. 69.0%, log rank P = 0.112; DFS 64.4% vs. 58.0%, log rank P = 0.278). The five‐year OS and PFS of the metachronous MPR group (n = 17) were significantly better than those in the non‐surgical control group (n = 19) (5‐year OS 94.1% vs. 50.7%, log rank P = 0.005; 5‐year PFS 53.9% vs. 10.5%, log rank P = 0.020). No postoperative mortality or severe complications occurred in the MPR group.ConclusionThe oncological efficacy of MPR is superior to the non‐surgical approach for the management of local regional recurrent or second primary lung cancer, with comparable postoperative mortality and complications.
Fitting functional responses: Direct parameter estimation by simulating differential equations
Authors: Rosenbaum Benjamin , Rall Björn C. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe feeding functional response is one of the most widespread mathematical frameworks in ecology, marine biology, freshwater biology, microbiology, and related scientific fields describing the resource‐dependent uptake of a consumer. Since the exact knowledge of its parameters is crucial to predict, for example, the efficiency of biocontrol agents, population dynamics, food web structure, and subsequently biodiversity, a trustworthy parameter estimation method is highly important for scientists using this framework. Classical approaches for estimating functional response parameters lack flexibility and often only provide approximations of the correct parameters.Here, we combined ordinary differential equation (ODE) models that were numerically solved using computer simulations with an iterative maximum likelihood fitting approach. We compared our method to classical approaches of fitting functional responses using data both with and without additional resource growth and mortality.We found that for classical functional response models, such as the frequently used type II and type III functional responses, the established fitting methods are reliable. However, by using more complex and flexible functional responses, our new method outperforms the traditional methods. Additionally, our method allows the incorporation of side effects such as resource growth and background mortality.Our method will enable researchers from different scientific fields who are measuring functional responses to calculate more accurate parameter estimates. These estimates will enable community ecologists to parameterize their models more precisely, thus allowing a deeper understanding of complex ecological systems, and will increase the quality of ecological prediction models.
Revisiting long‐access versus short‐access cocaine self‐administration in rats: intermittent intake promotes addiction symptoms independent of session length
Authors: Allain Florence , Samaha Anne‐Noël 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIn rats, continuous cocaine access during long self‐administration sessions (6 versus 1–2 hours) promotes the development of behavioral symptoms of addiction. This has led to the assumption that taking large amounts of drug during extended daily bouts is necessary to develop an addiction phenotype. Recent work shows that within‐session intermittent access (IntA) to cocaine produces much less drug intake than continuous‐access procedures (i.e. long‐access sessions) but evokes addiction symptoms more effectively. IntA‐sessions are also long, typically lasting 6 hours. It is not known whether IntA‐sessions must be extended to promote addiction‐relevant changes in drug use over time. Here, we determined the influence of IntA‐session length on patterns of cocaine use relevant to addiction. Two groups of male Wistar rats self‐administered cocaine (0.25 mg/kg/injection, injected over 5 seconds) during 18 daily IntA‐sessions. One group had long 6‐hour sessions (Long‐IntA), the other group had shorter, 2‐hour sessions (Short‐IntA). Only Long‐IntA rats escalated their cocaine intake over sessions, but both groups developed a burst‐like pattern of drug use over time and similar levels of psychomotor sensitization. The two groups also showed robust and similar levels of both responding for cocaine under a progressive ratio schedule of reinforcement and cocaine‐induced reinstatement of extinguished drug‐seeking behavior. In summary, long IntA‐sessions lead to greater cocaine intake than shorter IntA‐sessions, but the two conditions are equally effective in evoking the patterns of drug‐taking and drug‐seeking that define addiction. This suggests that chronic intermittent cocaine use, even during short daily bouts, is sufficient to promote addiction symptoms.
Health and hunger: nutrient response to income depending on caloric availability in Nepal
Authors: Ali Mohammad , Villa Kira M. , Joshi Janak 
Published: June 2018

AbstractUsing data from NLSS III, we estimate nutrient‐income elasticities for macronutrients, vitamins, and minerals. We further allow for differential nutrient demand response to income depending on where a household is in the caloric availability distribution. We find that some nutrients are income inelastic indicating that they are necessity goods while others are relatively income elastic. We further test and reject equivalent nutrient‐income elasticities across the caloric availability distribution. Households in the lowest calorie quintile have highly income elastic nutrient demand leaving them vulnerable to income fluctuations. Moreover, as households meet their first‐order caloric needs, they substitute away from cheap calorie‐dense staples toward more expensive nutrient‐dense foods. Finally, for most nutrients, households in the highest calorie quintile exhibit more elastic nutrient demand, similar to households in the lowest quintile. Our results suggest that policies aimed at improving income will likely also improve household nutrient availability, particularly for the most calorie poor households. They further suggest that policies aimed at protecting poor households from negative income shocks will also likely yield nutritional benefits.