bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diastolic left ventricular function in relation to circulating metabolic biomarkers in a population study
Authors: Zhang Zhen-Yu , Marrachelli Vannina G , Yang Wen-Yi , Trenson Sander , Huang Qi-Fang , Wei Fang-Fei , Thijs Lutgarde , Van Keer Jan , Monleon Daniel , Verhamme Peter , Voigt Jens-Uwe , Kuznetsova Tatiana , Redón Josep , Staessen Jan A 
Published: September 2018

AimsWe studied the association of circulating metabolic biomarkers with asymptomatic left ventricular diastolic dysfunction, a risk-carrying condition that affects 25% of the population.Methods and resultsIn 570 randomly recruited people, we assessed in 2005–2010 and in 2009–2013 the multivariable-adjusted correlations of e’ (early left ventricular relaxation) and E/e’ (left ventricular filling pressure) measured by Doppler echocardiography with 43 serum metabolites, quantified by magnetic resonance spectroscopy. In 2009–2013, e’ cross-sectionally increased (Bonferroni corrected p ≤ 0.016) with the branched-chain amino acid valine (per one standard deviation increment, +0.274 cm/s (95% confidence interval, 0.057–0.491)) and glucose+the amino acid (AA) taurine (+0.258 cm/s (0.067–0.481)), while E/e’ decreased ( p ≤ 0.017) with valine (–0.264 (–0.496– –0.031)). The risk of developing left ventricular diastolic dysfunction over follow-up (9.4%) was inversely associated ( p ≤ 0.0059) with baseline glucose+amino acid taurine (odds ratio, 0.64 (0.44–0.94). In partial least squares analyses of all the baseline and follow-up data, markers consistently associated with better diastolic left ventricular function included the amino acids 2-aminobutyrate and 4-hydroxybutyrate and the branched-chain amino acids leucine and valine, and those consistently associated with worse diastolic left ventricular function glucose+amino acid glutamine and fatty acid pentanoate. Branched-chain amino acid metabolism (–log10p = 12.6) and aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis (9.9) were among the top metabolic pathways associated with left ventricular diastolic dysfunction.ConclusionThe associations of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction with circulating amino acids and branched-chain amino acids were consistent over a five-year interval and suggested a key role of branched-chain amino acid metabolism and aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis in maintaining diastolic left ventricular function.
Physiotherapy provision to hospitalised stroke patients: Analysis from the UK Sentinel Stroke National Audit Programme
Authors: McGlinchey Mark P , Paley Lizz , Hoffman Alex , Douiri Abdel , Rudd Anthony G 
Published: September 2018

Introduction The purpose of this study is to investigate which factors are associated with physiotherapy provision to hospitalised stroke patients. Methods Data were analysed for stroke patients admitted to hospital in England and Wales between April 2013 and March 2017 recorded on the Sentinel Stroke National Audit Programme (SSNAP) national stroke register. Associations between different patient factors, and applicability for and intensity of physiotherapy were measured using multi-level logistic and regression models. Findings: Data from 306,078 patients were included on the SSNAP register. Median age was 77 years (IQR 67–85) and 84.7% of patients with completed stroke severity data had a mild-moderate stroke. In all, 85.2% of patients recorded on SSNAP were deemed applicable for physiotherapy. Applicability for physiotherapy was 47% higher among thrombolysed patients (aOR 1.47, 95% CI 1.40–1.54), 36% lower in those with severe pre-morbid disability (aOR 0.64, 95% CI 0.58–0.71) and more than 2.5-fold higher among patients admitted to hospitals with greater availability of early supported discharge (aOR 2.62, 95% CI 1.28–5.37). Patients who were younger, male, had less pre-morbid disability, lower stroke severity, sustained an infarction, received thrombolysis, and had fewer medical complications were more likely to receive more intensive physiotherapy post-stroke. Conclusion Several patient and service organisational factors are associated with physiotherapy provision to stroke patients, some of which may not be justifiable. Physiotherapists should be aware of these factors when planning and delivering physiotherapy as well as any possible biases associated with physiotherapy provision to patients post-stroke.
Association of Foveal Avascular Zone Enlargement and Diabetic Retinopathy Progression Using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography
Authors: Suzuki Katsuya , Nozaki Miho , Takase Noriaki , Kato Aki , Morita Hiroshi , Ozeki Hironori , Yoshida Munenori , Ogura Yuichiro 
Published: September 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this article is to evaluate long-term change of the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area in diabetic eyes using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) (AngioVue, Avanti OCT, Optovue). Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted of patients who had undergone OCTA fundus examinations with at least 12 months of follow-up. Eyes with previous laser photocoagulation and antivascular endothelial growth factor treatments were excluded. ImageJ software was used to evaluate the FAZ area in the superficial capillary plexus (SCP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP). Results: Forty eyes were analyzed in this study and divided into 3 groups: healthy controls (13 eyes), diabetic patients without diabetic retinopathy (DR) (14 eyes), and diabetic patients with DR (13 eyes). During the 22 months of follow-up, the FAZ area of eyes with DR in the DCP enlarged from 0.64 ± 0.20 mm2 to 0.70 ± 0.20 mm2 ( P = .021), which was a 10.1% increase from baseline (5.1% per year). No significant changes were observed during the study period for FAZ areas in the DCP of controls and diabetic patients without DR. Enlargement of FAZ in the DCP was significantly greater in eyes with DR progression vs those without progression (19.2% and 1.2%, respectively, P = .013). Conclusions: Our data suggest FAZ enlargement in the DCP is associated with DR progression. Assessment of the FAZ by OCTA might be useful for the evaluation of microcirculation abnormalities in DR and the onset of DR progression.
Effect of high and low‐supportive footwear on female tri‐planar knee moments during single limb landing
Authors: Sayer Timothy A. , Hinman Rana S. , Paterson Kade L. , Bennell Kim L. , Fortin Karine , Bryant Adam L. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackgroundHigher landing‐related external knee joint moments at later stages of female pubertal development likely contribute to a higher incidence of non‐contact anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. Athletic footwear may provide a potential strategy to alter higher knee moments.MethodsThirty‐one late/post‐pubertal girls (Tanner stage IV‐V, menarche and growth spurt attained) performed a single limb drop lateral jump in three footwear conditions (barefoot, low support shoes and high support shoes), in which peak knee abduction moment (KAbM), flexion moment (KFM) and internal rotation moments (KIRM) were measured. Repeated measures ANOVA and ANCOVA were used to test for a main effect of footwear with and without foot posture index (FPI) as a covariate (p < 0.05) with post‐hoc test carried out via Fisher's Least Significant Difference (LSD).ResultsA main effect of footwear condition was observed for peak KFM (p < 0.05), but not KAbM or KIRM, in both unadjusted and adjusted models. Post‐hoc analysis demonstrated that both high‐ and low‐support shoes increased peak KFM compared with barefoot (p < 0.001).ConclusionOur findings indicate commercially available high‐ and low‐supportive footwear increase peak KFM, but do not effect KAbM or KIRM while landing among late/post‐pubertal girls. This suggests that these styles of footwear are inadequate at reducing higher knee moments in an at‐risk cohort.
The effect of antibiotic stewardship interventions with stakeholder involvement in hospital settings: a multicentre, cluster randomized controlled intervention study
Authors: Wathne Jannicke Slettli , Kleppe Lars Kåre Selland , Harthug Stig , Blix Hege Salvesen , Nilsen Roy M. , Charani Esmita ,   The Bergen Intervention Teams, Markussen Dagfinn Lunde , Thelle Andreas , Neteland Marion Iren , Hope Ottar , Smith Ingrid 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Background
There is limited evidence from multicenter, randomized controlled studies to inform planning and implementation of antibiotic stewardship interventions in hospitals.

Methods
A cluster randomized, controlled, intervention study was performed in selected specialities (infectious diseases, pulmonary medicine and gastroenterology) at three emergency care hospitals in Western Norway. Interventions applied were audit with feedback and academic detailing. Implementation strategies included co-design of interventions with stakeholders in local intervention teams and prescribers setting local targets for change in antibiotic prescribing behaviour. Primary outcome measures were adherence to national guidelines, use of broad-spectrum antibiotics and change in locally defined targets of change in prescribing behaviour. Secondary outcome measures were length of stay, 30-day readmission, in-hospital- and 30-day mortality.

Results
One thousand eight hundred two patients receiving antibiotic treatment were included. Adherence to guidelines had an absolute increase from 60 to 66% for all intervention wards (p = 0.04). Effects differed across specialties and pulmonary intervention wards achieved a 14% absolute increase in adherence (p = 0.003), while no change was observed for other specialties. A pulmonary ward targeting increased use of penicillin G 2 mill IU × 4 for pneumonia and COPD exacerbations had an intended increase of 30% for this prescribing behaviour (p < 0.001).

Conclusions
Pulmonary wards had a higher increase in adherence, independent of applied intervention. The effect of antibiotic stewardship interventions is dependent on how and in which context they are implemented. Additional effects of interventions are seen when stakeholders discuss ward prescribing behaviour and agree on specific targets for changes in prescribing practice.
Prevalence of BRCA1 and BRCA2 Mutations Among High-Risk Saudi Patients With Breast Cancer
Authors: Abulkhair Omalkhair , Al Balwi Mohammed , Makram Ola , Alsubaie Lamia , Faris Medhat , Shehata Hussam , Hashim Ahmed , Arun Banu , Saadeddin Ahmed , Ibrahim Ezzeldin 
Published: September 2018

Purpose Over the past three decades, the incidence rate of breast cancer (BC) among Arab women has continually increased. However, data on the prevalence of BRCA1/2 mutations are scarce. Although the population in Saudi Arabia is at large homogeneous and consanguinity is common, especially in the central, eastern, and southern regions of the country, the prevalence of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations and the characteristics of BC are not well studied in the country. Methods This prospective observational study intended to determine the prevalence of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations and sought to examine the clinicopathologic features of BC associated with these mutations. Results Of 310 patients, 270 (87%) had no mutation. BRCA mutations were identified in 40 patients; BRCA1 mutations were found in 11% of patients, and BRCA2 mutations were found in 2% of patients. Variants of unknown significance were found in 15% of patients (45 patients). Triple-negative BC (TNBC) accounted for 86% of all patients with BC and mutations. The following three recurrent deleterious founder BRCA1 mutations were observed: c.4136_4137delCT was observed in five unrelated patients, c.5530delC was observed in three unrelated patients, and c.4524G>A mutations were observed in five unrelated patients. One novel mutation was identified in the BRCA1 gene (c.5512 dup [p.Glu1838Glyfs*42]). Conclusion Among high-risk Saudi patients with BC, BRCA1 mutations are prevalent (11%). TNBC is the most common BC subtype. Furthermore, age alone does not have a significant association with mutation, but a combination of risk factors such as age, familial history, and TNBC has a significant association with BRCA mutation.
Analysis of Efficacy and Toxicity Profile of First-Line Sunitinib or Pazopanib in Metastatic Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma in the Brazilian Population
Authors: Isaacsson Velho Pedro , Nardo Mirella , Souza Manoel Carlos Leonardi de Azevedo , Bonadio Renata R.C. Colombo , Marta Guilherme Nader , Muniz David Q.B. , Bastos Diogo Assed , Dzik Carlos 
Published: September 2018

Purpose Sunitinib and pazopanib are multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) that act against vascular endothelial growth factor receptors and are standard first-line treatment options for metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). The Brazilian public health system diverges from the randomized clinical trials in the availability of first and subsequent lines of treatment and in clinical and demographic characteristics of patients. Therefore, it is essential to describe the history of advanced ccRCC during and after TKI treatment in this population. Methods We performed a retrospective analysis of patients with advanced ccRCC treated with a first-line TKI (either sunitinib or pazopanib) between February 2009 and March 2017 in a single academic Brazilian cancer center (Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo). Results Of the 222 patients, 109 were treated with sunitinib and 113 with pazopanib. The median duration of treatment and overall survival (OS) were 6.4 and 15.2 months for sunitinib and 6.7 and 14.2 months for pazopanib, respectively. Discontinuation of treatment occurred secondarily to progressive disease or death in 64.2% of patients using sunitinib and in 54.8% of patients using pazopanib. Adverse events were responsible for discontinuation of treatment in 28.4% of patients in the sunitinib group and in 22.1% in the pazopanib group. According to Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center risk categories, the OS was 32.9 months, 15.9 months, and 8.1 months for low risk, intermediate risk, and poor risk, respectively (hazard ratio, 1.72; 95% CI, 1.13 to 2.26; P < .001). Conclusion The use of TKI inhibitors as first-line treatment of metastatic RCC is effective and feasible in the Brazilian public health. However, the median OS of our population is considerably lower compared with the prospective trials that evaluated the same drugs.
Functional differences of short and long isoforms of spastin harboring missense mutation
Authors: Plaud Clément , Joshi Vandana , Kajevu Natallie , Poüs Christian , Curmi Patrick A. , Burgo Andrea 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACT
Mutations of the SPG4 (SPAST) gene encoding for spastin protein are the main causes of hereditary spastic paraplegia. Spastin binds to microtubules and severs them through the enzymatic activity of its AAA domain. Several missense mutations located in this domain lead to stable, nonsevering spastins that decorate a subset of microtubules, suggesting a possible negative gain-of-function mechanism for these mutants. Of the two main isoforms of spastin, only mutations of the long isoform, M1, are supposed to be involved in the onset of the pathology, leaving the role of the ubiquitously expressed shorter one, M87, not fully investigated and understood. Here, we show that two isoforms of spastin harboring the same missense mutation bind and bundle different subsets of microtubules in HeLa cells, and likely stabilize them by increasing the level of acetylated tubulin. However, only mutated M1 has the ability to interact with wild-type M1, and decorates a subset of perinuclear microtubules associated with the endoplasmic reticulum that display higher resistance to microtubule depolymerization and increased intracellular ionic strength, compared with those decorated by mutated M87. We further show that only mutated M1 decorates microtubules of proximal axons and dendrites, and strongly impairs axonal transport in cortical neurons through a mechanism likely independent of the microtubule-severing activity of this protein.
A review of cleaning and disinfection studies in farming environments
Authors: Gosling RJ 
Published: September 2018

Veterinary disinfectants are a vital component in the control of animal and zoonotic disease strategies, both in the everyday prevention of disease and in controlling the spread of infections during outbreaks. Effective cleaning and disinfection is a key factor in disease control within farming industries and can also impact on productivity, feed conversion and welfare. A range of different methods have been used to assess the efficacy of disinfectants within farming environments, using controlled laboratory studies, structured field trials and observations of on-farm practices. These studies generally result in the same conclusions, with a reduction in bacterial load occurring after cleaning and disinfection, with a range of different disinfectants, although the aldehyde-based disinfectants were the most effective on surfaces. Chlorocresol-based disinfectants were most effective in boot dip style models. All disinfectants performed better when organic matter had been removed. Cleaning and disinfection plays a key role in the control of disease on farms, but it is not a stand-alone activity, and will be most effective when combined with high levels of farm biosecurity.
Evaluation of Pediatrician Adherence to the American Academy of Pediatrics Health Supervision Guidelines for Down Syndrome
Authors: O'Neill Meghan E. , Ryan Alexandra , Kwon Soyang , Binns Helen J. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe American Academy of Pediatrics's guideline on health supervision for children with Down syndrome (DS) offers pediatricians guidance to improve detection of comorbid conditions. Pediatrician adherence has not yet been comprehensively evaluated. Medical records of 31 children with DS who received primary care at two urban academic clinic sites from 2008–2012 were reviewed. Data was extracted on adherence to age-specific individual guideline components for each subject by year-of-life (total 84 years-of-life). Overall adherence across all components was 83% (2001 guideline) and 67% (2011 guideline). Adherence to thyroid, hearing, vision, and developmental components was &gt;85%, and anticipatory guidance regarding atlantoaxial instability and sexuality was &lt;35%. Overall adherence was higher when a subject was younger and when a provider was an attending-level pediatrician.
Identifying Needs-Based Groupings Among People Accessing Intellectual Disability Services
Authors: Painter Jon , Ingham Barry , Trevithick Liam , Hastings Richard P. , Roy Ashok 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
There is increasing emphasis on needs-led service provision for people with intellectual disability (ID). This study outlines the statistical cluster analysis of clinical data from 1,692 individuals accessing secondary care ID services in the United Kingdom (U.K.) Using objective needs assessment data from a newly developed ID assessment tool, six clusters were identified. These had clinical face validity and were validated using six concurrently (but independently) rated tools. In keeping with previous studies, the clusters varied in terms of overall level of need as well as specific clinical features (autism spectrum disorder, mental health problems, challenging behaviors and physical health conditions). More work is now needed to further develop these clusters and explore their utility for planning, commissioning and optimizing needs-led services.
Systematic Review of Interventions Involving Aided AAC Modeling for Children With Complex Communication Needs
Authors: Biggs Elizabeth E. , Carter Erik W. , Gilson Carly B. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBuilding the communicative competence of individuals who use augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) requires intervention and support. This systematic review examined experimental studies involving aided AAC modeling to promote the expressive communication of children and youth (i.e., birth to age 21) with complex communication needs. A search yielded 48 studies involving 267 participants. Interventions were categorized according to three different approaches to aided AAC modeling—augmented input, models as prompts, and models within instructional demonstrations. Although the procedures varied, interventions were generally effective at improving diverse measures of expressive communication. This review provides insight for both researchers and practitioners by describing interventions involving three distinct approaches to aided AAC modeling, highlighting areas needing future research, and offering implications for practice.
BTrim
Authors: Gurajada Aditya , Gala Dheren , Zhou Fei , Pathak Amit , Ma Zhan-Feng 
Published: September 2018

To address the need for extreme OLTP performance on commodity multi-core hardware supporting large amounts of memory, SAP ASE is re-architected to tightly integrate an In-Memory Row Store (IMRS) within the existing database engine. The IMRS is both a store and a caching layer to host "hot" rows in-memory, in a row-oriented format. The IMRS is an extension to the traditional buffer-cache which deals with data in a page-oriented storage format (referred to as the page-store). Data in individual tables marked as IMRS-enabled can be fully memory-resident or can straddle the page store and the IMRS. Cold data in the IMRS is organically identified, harvested, and "packed" back to the page store. SQL statements and transactions can access data transparently from both stores for the same table. All Transact-SQL capabilities and language constructs are supported with no application or stored procedure code changes required. Full durability for in-memory data is provided, including support for backup and restore of database archives and periodic transaction dumps.
The high-level system design supporting this architecture, along with experimental results and performance benefits is presented.
Sherlock
Authors: S. Avinesh P. V. , Hättasch Benjamin , Özyurt Orkan , Binnig Carsten , Meyer Christian M. 
Published: September 2018

There exists an ever-growing set of data-centric systems that allow data scientists of varying skill levels to interactively manipulate, analyze and explore large structured data sets. However, there are currently not many systems that allow data scientists and novice users to interactively explore large unstructured text document collections from heterogeneous sources.
In this demo paper, we present a new system for interactive text summarization called Sherlock. The task of automatically producing textual summaries is an important step to understand a collection of multiple topic-related documents. It has many real-world applications in journalism, medicine, and many more. However, none of the existing summarization systems allow users to provide feedback at interactive speed. We therefore integrate a new approximate summarization model into Sherlock that can guarantee interactive speeds even for large text collections to keep the user engaged in the process.
Panel
Authors: Stoyanovich Julia , Howe Bill , Jagadish HV , Miklau Gerome 
Published: September 2018

Recently, there has begun a movement towards Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency (FAT) in algorithmic decision making, and in data science more broadly. The database community has not been significantly involved in this movement, despite "owning" the models, languages, and systems that produce the (potentially biased) input to the machine learning applications.
What role should the database community play in this movement? Do the objectives of fairness, accountability and transparency give rise to core data management issues that can drive new research questions and new systems, or are these "soft topics" that are best left to be managed with policy? Will emphasis on these topics dilute our core competency in techniques and technologies for data, or can it reinforce our central role in technology stacks ranging from startups to the enterprise, and from local non-profits to the federal government? The goal of this panel is to debate these questions, and to whet the appetite of the data management community for research in this important emerging area.