bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cancer Risk in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A 6-Year Prospective Multicenter Nested Case–Control IG-IBD Study
Authors: Biancone Livia , Armuzzi Alessandro , Scribano Maria Lia , Castiglione Fabiana , D’incà Renata , Orlando Ambrogio , Papi Claudio , Daperno Marco , Vecchi Maurizio , Riegler Gabriele , Fries Walter , Alvisi Patrizia , Meucci Gianmichele , Mocciaro Filippo , Rogai Francesca , Festa Stefano , Guidi Luisa , Testa Anna , Spina Luisa , Renna Sara , Viola Anna , Patturelli Marta , Di Mitri Roberto , Frankovic Iris , Calabrese Emma , Petruzziello Carmelina , De Cristofaro Elena , Sena Giorgia , Ruffa Alessandra , Neri Benedetto , Rossi Alessandra ,   Italian Group for the Study of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IG-IBD)
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Background
In a 6-year, multicenter, prospective nested case–control study, we aimed to evaluate risk factors for incident cancer in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), when considering clinical characteristics of IBD and immunomodulator use. The secondary end point was to provide characterization of incident cancer types.

Methods
All incident cases of cancer occurring in IBD patients from December 2011–2017 were prospectively recorded in 16 Italian Group for the Study of Inflammatory Bowel Disease units. Each of the IBD patients with a new diagnosis of cancer was matched with 2 IBD patients without cancer, according to IBD phenotype (ulcerative colitis [UC] vs Crohn’s disease [CD]), age (±5 years), sex. Risk factors were assessed by multivariate logistic regression analysis.

Results
Cancer occurred in 403 IBD patients: 204 CD (CD cases), 199 UC (UC cases). The study population included 1209 patients (403 IBD cases, 806 IBD controls). Cancer (n = 403) more frequently involved the digestive system (DS; 32%), followed by skin (14.9%), urinary tract (9.7%), lung (6.9%), genital tract (6.5%), breast (5.5%), thyroid (1.9%), lymphoma (2.7%, only in CD), adenocarcinoma of the small bowel (SBA; 3.9%, 15 CD, 1 pouch in UC), other cancers (15.9%). Among cancers of the DS, colorectal cancer (CRC) more frequently occurred in UC (29% vs 17%; P < 0.005), whereas SBA more frequently occurred in CD (13% vs 6.3% P = 0.039). In CD, perforating (B3) vs non-stricturing non-perforating (B1) behavior represented the only risk factor for any cancer (odds ratio [OR], 2.33; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.33–4.11). In CD, risk factors for extracolonic cancer (ECC) were a B3 vs B1 and a stricturing (B2) vs B1 behavior (OR, 2.95; 95% CI, 1.62–5.43; OR, 1.79; 95% CI, 1.09–2.98). In UC, risk factors for ECC and for overall cancer were abdominal surgery for UC (OR, 4.63; 95% CI, 2.62–8.42; OR, 3.34; 95% CI, 1.88–5.92) and extensive vs distal UC (OR, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.10–2.75; OR, 1.99; 95% CI, 1.16–3.47). Another risk factor for ECC was left-sided vs distal UC (OR, 1.68; 95% CI, 1.00–2.86). Inflammatory bowel disease duration was a risk factor for skin and urinary tract cancers.

Conclusions
Perforating CD, extensive UC, and abdominal surgery for UC were identified as risk factors for overall incident cancer and for ECC. The clinical characteristics associated with severe IBD may increase cancer risk.
Global Risk and Elimination of Yellow Fever Epidemics
Authors: Ndeffo-Mbah Martial L , Pandey Abhishek 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Background
Yellow fever (YF) is a vector-borne viral hemorrhagic disease endemic in Africa and Latin America. In 2016, the World Health Organization (WHO) developed the Eliminate YF Epidemics strategy aiming at eliminating YF epidemics by 2026.

Methods
We developed a spatiotemporal model of YF, accounting for the impact of temperature, vector distribution, and socioeconomic factors on disease transmission. We validated our model against previous estimates of YF basic reproductive number (R0). We used the model to estimate global risk of YF outbreaks and vaccination efforts needed to achieve elimination of YF epidemics.

Results
We showed that the global risk of YF outbreaks is highly heterogeneous. High-risk transmission areas (R0 &gt; 6) are mainly found in West Africa and the Equatorial region of Latin America. We showed that vaccination coverage needed to eliminate YF epidemics in an endemic country varies substantially between districts. In many endemic countries, a 90% vaccination coverage is needed to achieve elimination. However, in some high-risk districts in Africa, a 95% coverage may be required.

Conclusions
Global elimination of YF epidemics requires higher population-level immunity than the 80% coverage recommended by the WHO. Optimal YF vaccination strategy should be tailored to the risk profile of each endemic country.
Use of Tissue Expansion and Serial Z-plasty for Release of Neck Postburn Scar Contracture
Authors: Song Yijun , Li Yatong , Xia Chuan , Zhang Mingzi , Yu Nanze , Huang Jiuzuo , Long Xiao , Wang Xiaojun 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Z-plasty is widely employed in plastic surgery and its mainly functions include elongation along the axis of the scar, dispersal, and realigning the scar within the lines of minimal tension. It is especially useful to release linear-scar contracture, yet difficult for wide scars. Here, we described a technique of tissue expansion followed by serial Z-plasty for several cases of severe postburn scar contracture. In this procedure, first, full expansion should be achieved in the tissues adjacent to the contracture by tissue expansion. Then, the serial Z-plasty technique with precise trimming and adjustment is performed with adequate tension-free skin to release the contracture. Over a period of 2 years from 2015 to 2017, this technique was employed in moderate or severe postburn scar contracture in four patients (1 male and 3 females) aged 14 to 40 years old. The size of contracture ranged from 5 to 27 cm in diameter. Improved appearance and excellent skin match was observed in our four patients. All patients healed uneventfully without any complications and no patient required revision surgery. The range of motion, short form-36 health survey and Vancouver Scar Scale indicated that this technique offered a durable skin coverage with satisfying appearance in these patients. Through the outcomes of our patients, tissue expansion followed by serial Z-plasty has a great potential to be a useful alternative for the treatment of scar contracture especially for contracture adjacent to cervical joints.
ExoMol molecular line lists – XXXIII. The spectrum of Titanium Oxide
Authors: McKemmish Laura K , Masseron Thomas , Hoeijmakers H Jens , Pérez-Mesa Víctor , Grimm Simon L , Yurchenko Sergei N , Tennyson Jonathan 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
Accurate line lists are crucial for correctly modelling a variety of astrophysical phenomena, including stellar photospheres and the atmospheres of extrasolar planets. This paper presents a new line database Toto for the main isotopologues of titanium oxide (TiO): $^{46}\text{Ti}^{16}\text{O}$, $^{47}\text{Ti}^{16}\text{O}$, $^{48}\text{Ti}^{16}\text{O}$, $^{49}\text{Ti}^{16}\text{O}$, and $^{50}\text{Ti}^{16}\text{O}$. The $^{48}\text{Ti}^{16}\text{O}$ line list contains transitions with wave-numbers up to 30 000 cm−1, i.e. longwards of 0.33 μm. The Toto line list includes all dipole-allowed transitions between 13 low-lying electronic states (X 3Δ, a1Δ, d 1Σ+, E 3Π, A 3Φ, B3Π, C 3Δ, b 1Π, c1Φ, f1Δ, e 1Σ+). Ab initio potential energy curves (PECs) are computed at the icMRCI level and combined with spin–orbit and other coupling curves. These PECs and couplings are iteratively refined to match known empirical energy levels. Accurate line intensities are generated using ab initio dipole moment curves. The Toto line lists are appropriate for temperatures below 5000 K and contain 30 million transitions for $^{48}\text{Ti}^{16}\text{O}$; it is made available in electronic form via the CDS data centre and via www.exomol.com. Tests of the line lists show greatly improved agreement with observed spectra for objects such as M-dwarfs GJ876 and GL581.
Flipping-up the field: gravitational feedback as a mechanism for young clusters dispersal
Authors: Zamora-Avilés Manuel , Ballesteros-Paredes Javier , Hernández Jesús , Román-Zúñiga Carlos , Lora Verónica , Kounkel Marina 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Recent analyses of Gaia data have provided direct evidence that most young stellar clusters are in a state of expansion, with velocities of the order of ∼0.5 km s−1. Traditionally, expanding young clusters have been pictured as entities that became unbound due to the lack of gravitational binding once the gas from the parental cloud that formed the cluster has been expelled by the stellar radiation of the massive stars in the cluster. In the present contribution, we used radiation-magnetohydrodynamic numerical simulations of molecular cloud formation and evolution to understand how stellar clusters form and disperse. We found that the ionizing feedback from the newborn massive stars expels the gas from the collapse centre, flipping-up the gravitational potential as a consequence of the mass removal from the inside–out. Since neither the parental clouds, nor the formed shells are distributed symmetrically around the H ii region, net forces pulling out the stars are present, accelerating them towards the edges of the cavity. We call this mechanism ‘gravitational feedback’, in which the gravity from the expelled gas appears to be the crucial mechanism producing unbound clusters that expand away from their formation centre in an accelerated way in young stellar clusters. This mechanism naturally explains the ‘Hubble flow-like’ expansion observed in several young clusters.
A rogues gallery of Andromeda’s dwarf galaxies – II. Precise distances to 17 faint satellites
Authors: Weisz Daniel R , Dolphin Andrew E , Martin Nicolas F , Albers Saundra M , Collins Michelle L M , Ferguson Annette M N , Lewis Geraint F , Mackey A Dougal , McConnachie Alan , Rich R Michael , Skillman Evan D 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
We present new horizontal branch (HB) distance measurements to 17 of the faintest known M31 satellites (−6 ≲ MV ≲ −13) based on deep Hubble Space Telescope (HST) imaging. The colour–magnitude diagrams extend ∼1–2 mag below the HB, which provides for well-defined HBs, even for faint galaxies in which the tip of the red giant branch (TRGB) is sparsely populated. We determine distances across the sample to an average precision of 4 per cent (∼30 kpc at 800 kpc). We find that the majority of these galaxies are in good agreement, though slightly farther (0.1–0.2 mag) when compared to recent ground-based TRGB distances. Two galaxies (And IX and And XVII) have discrepant HST and ground-based distances by ∼0.3 mag (∼150 kpc), which may be due to contamination from Milky Way foreground stars and/or M31 halo stars in sparsely populated TRGB regions. We use the new distances to update the luminosities and structural parameters for these 17 M31 satellites. The new distances do not substantially change the spatial configuration of the M31 satellite system. We comment on future prospects for precise and accurate HB distances for faint galaxies in the Local Group and beyond.
Failure of Flow Diverter Therapy: Predictors and Management Strategies
Authors: Bonney Phillip A , Connor Michelle , Fujii Tatsuhiro , Singh Parampreet , Koch Matthew J , Stapleton Christopher J , Mack William J , Walcott Brian P 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Flow diversion is a safe and effective treatment for many types of brain aneurysms. Even so, there remain some aneurysms that persist despite initial treatment. In studies with the longest follow-up (5 yr), at least 5% of aneurysms persist with this treatment modality. As the cumulative experience and clinical indications for flow diversion continue to expand, the anatomic and functional characteristics that are associated with aneurysm persistence are increasingly described. Identification of these factors preoperatively can help to guide initial treatment decisions, enhance monitoring protocols in the follow-up period, and establish best practices for re-treatment when necessary. Herein, we review published clinical series and provide examples to highlight variables implicated in aneurysm persistence after treatment with flow diversion.
Rapid Bayesian learning in the mammalian olfactory system
Authors: Hiratani Naoki , Latham Peter E. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractMany experimental studies suggest that animals can rapidly learn to identify odors and predict the rewards associated with them. However, the underlying plasticity mechanism remains elusive. In particular, it is not clear how olfactory circuits achieve rapid, data efficient learning with local synaptic plasticity. Here, we formulate olfactory learning as a Bayesian optimization process, then map the learning rules into a computational model of the mammalian olfactory circuit. The model is capable of odor identification from a small number of observations, while reproducing cellular plasticity commonly observed during development. We extend the framework to reward-based learning, and show that the circuit is able to rapidly learn odor-reward association with a plausible neural architecture. These results deepen our theoretical understanding of unsupervised learning in the mammalian brain.
Goodness-of-fit filtering in classical metric multidimensional scaling with large datasets
Authors: Graffelman Jan 
Published: July 2019

AbstractMetric multidimensional scaling (MDS) is a widely used multivariate method with applications in almost all scientific disciplines. Eigenvalues obtained in the analysis are usually reported in order to calculate the over-all goodness-of-fit of the distance matrix. In this paper, we refine MDS goodness-of-fit calculations, proposing additional point and pairwise good-ness-of-fit statistics that can be used to filter poorly represented observations in MDS maps. The proposed statistics are especially relevant for large data sets that contain outliers, with typically many poorly fitted observations, and are helpful for improving MDS output and emphasising the most important features of the dataset. Several goodness-of-fit statistics are considered, and both Euclidean and non-Euclidean distance matrices are considered. Some examples with data from demographic, genetic and geographic studies are shown.
Temporal preparation and short-term temporal memory in depression
Authors: Hsu Tzu-Yu , Lee Hsin-Chien , Lane Timothy Joseph , Missal Marcus 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPatient suffering of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) often complain that subjective time seems to ‘drag’ with respect to physical time. This may point towards a generalized dysfunction of temporal processing in MDD. In the present study, we investigated temporal preparation in MDD. “Temporal preparation” refers to an increased readiness to act before an expected event; consequently, reaction time should be reduced. MDD patients and age-matched controls were required to make a saccadic eye movement between a central and an eccentric visual target after a variable duration preparatory period. We found that MDD patients produced a larger number of premature saccades, saccades initiated prior to the appearance of the expected stimulus. These saccades were not temporally controlled; instead, they seemed to reflect increased oculomotor impulsivity. In contrast, the latency of visually-guided saccades was strongly influenced by temporal preparation in controls; significantly less so, in MDD patients. This observed reduced temporal preparation in MDD was associated with a faster decay of short-term temporal memory. Moreover, in patients producing a lot of premature responses, temporal preparation to early imperative stimuli was increased. A reduction in premature saccades, however, was associated with reduced temporal preparation to late imperative stimuli.In conclusion, reduced temporal preparation and short-term temporal memory in the oculomotor domain supports the hypothesis that temporal processing was altered in MDD patients. These observed deficits could reflect other underlying aspects of abnormal time experience in MDD.
Cryptic prophage-encoded small protein DicB protectsEscherichia colifrom phage infection by inhibiting inner membrane receptor proteins
Authors: Ragunathan Preethi T. , Vanderpool Carin K. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBacterial genomes harbor cryptic prophages that have lost genes required for induction, excision from host chromosomes, or production of phage progeny.Escherichia coliK12 strains contain a cryptic prophage Qin that encodes a small RNA, DicF, and small protein, DicB, that have been implicated in control of bacterial metabolism and cell division. Since DicB and DicF are encoded in the Qin immunity region, we tested whether these gene products could protect theE. colihost from bacteriophage infection. Transient expression of thedicBFoperon yielded cells that were ~100-fold more resistant to infection by λ phage than control cells, and the phenotype was DicB-dependent. DicB specifically inhibited infection by λ and other phages that use ManYZ membrane proteins for cytoplasmic entry of phage DNA. In addition to blocking ManYZ-dependent phage infection, DicB also inhibited the canonical sugar transport activity of ManYZ. Previous studies demonstrated that DicB interacts with MinC, an FtsZ polymerization inhibitor, causing MinC localization to mid-cell and preventing Z ring formation and cell division. In strains producing mutant MinC proteins that do not interact with DicB, both DicB-dependent phenotypes involving ManYZ were lost. These results suggest that DicB is a pleiotropic regulator of bacterial physiology and cell division, and that these effects are mediated by a key molecular interaction with the cell division protein MinC.ImportanceTemperate bacteriophages can integrate their genomes into the bacterial host chromosome and exist as prophages whose gene products play key roles in bacterial fitness and interactions with eukaryotic host organisms. Most bacterial chromosomes contain “cryptic” prophages that have lost genes required for production of phage progeny but retain genes of unknown function that may be important for regulating bacterial host physiology. This study provides such an example – where a cryptic prophage-encoded product can perform multiple roles in the bacterial host and influence processes including metabolism, cell division, and susceptibility to phage infection. Further functional characterization of cryptic prophage-encoded functions will shed new light on host-phage interactions and their cellular physiological implications.
An improved sexual genetic algorithm for solving 0/1 multidimensional knapsack problem
Authors: Laabadi Soukaina , Naimi Mohamed , El Amri Hassan , Achchab Boujemâa 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to provide an improved genetic algorithm to solve 0/1 multidimensional knapsack problem (0/1 MKP), by proposing new selection and crossover operators that cooperate to explore the search space.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors first present a new sexual selection strategy that significantly improves the one proposed by (Varnamkhasti and Lee, 2012), while working in phenotype space. Then they propose two variants of the two-stage recombination operator of (Aghezzaf and Naimi, 2009), while they adapt the latter in the context of 0/1 MKP. The authors evaluate the efficiency of both proposed operators on a large set of 0/1 MKP benchmark instances. The obtained results are compared against that of conventional selection and crossover operators, in terms of solution quality and computing time.

Findings
The paper shows that the proposed selection respects the two major factors of any metaheuristic: exploration and exploitation aspects. Furthermore, the first variant of the two-stage recombination operator pushes the search space towards exploitation, while the second variant increases the genetic diversity. The paper then demonstrates that the improved genetic algorithm combining the two proposed operators is a competitive method for solving the 0/1 MKP.

Practical implications
Although only 0/1 MKP standard instances were tested in the empirical experiments in this paper, the improved genetic algorithm can be used as a powerful tool to solve many real-world applications of 0/1 MKP, as the latter models several industrial and investment issues. Moreover, the proposed selection and crossover operators can be incorporated into other bio-inspired algorithms to improve their performance. Furthermore, the two proposed operators can be adapted to solve other binary combinatorial optimization problems.

Originality/value
This research study provides an effective solution for a well-known non-deterministic polynomial-time (NP)-hard combinatorial optimization problem; that is 0/1 MKP, by tackling it with an improved genetic algorithm. The proposed evolutionary mechanism is based on two new genetic operators. The first proposed operator is a new and deeply different variant of the so-called sexual selection that has been rarely addressed in the literature. The second proposed operator is an adaptation of the two-stage recombination operator in the 0/1 MKP context. This adaptation results in two variants of the two-stage recombination operator that aim to improve the quality of encountered solutions, while taking advantage of the sexual selection criteria to prevent the classical issue of genetic algorithm that is premature convergence.
Vehicles distance estimation using detection of vanishing point
Authors: Bougharriou Sana , Hamdaoui Fayçal , Mtibaa Abdellatif 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
This paper aims to study distance determination in vehicles, which could allow an in-car system to provide feedback and alert drivers, by either prompting the driver to take preventative action or prepare the vehicle’s safety systems for an imminent collision. The success of a new system's deploying allows drivers to oppose the huge number of accidents and the material losses and costs associated with car accidents.

Design/methodology/approach
In this context, this paper presents estimation distance between camera and frontal vehicles based on camera calibration by combining three main steps: vanishing point extraction, lanes detection and vehicles detection in the field of 3 D real scene. This algorithm was implemented in MATLAB, and it was applied on scenes containing several vehicles in highway urban area. The method starts with the camera calibration. Then, the distance information can be calculated.

Findings
Based on experiment performance, this new method achieves robustness especially for detecting and estimating distances for multiple vehicles in a single scene. Also, this method demonstrates a higher accuracy detection rate of 0.869 in an execution time of 2.382 ms.

Originality/value
The novelty of the proposed method consists firstly on the use of an adaptive segmentation to reject the false points of interests. Secondly, the use of vanishing point has reduced the cost of using memory. Indeed, the part of the image above the vanishing point will not be processed and therefore will be deleted. The last benefit is the application of this new method on structured roads.
A relaxed structural mechanics and fuzzy control for fluid–structure dynamic analysis
Authors: Chen Tim , Khurram Safiullahand , Cheng CYJ 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
This paper aims to deal with the problem of the global stabilization for a class of tension leg platform (TLP) nonlinear control systems.

Design/methodology/approach
It is well-known that, in general, the global asymptotic stability of the TLP subsystems does not imply the global asymptotic stability of the composite closed-loop system.

Findings
An effective approach is proposed to control chaos via the combination of fuzzy controllers, fuzzy observers and dithers.

Research limitations/implications
If a fuzzy controller and a fuzzy observer cannot stabilize the chaotic system, a dither, as an auxiliary of the controller and the observer, is simultaneously introduced to asymptotically stabilize the chaotic system.

Originality/value
Thus, the behavior of the closed-loop dithered chaotic system can be rigorously predicted by establishing that of the closed-loop fuzzy relaxed system.