bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Agglomeration Technology at the ACHEMA 2018
Authors: Lohmeier Laura , Schaldach Katja , Fehse Franz , Schröder Hans‐Werner 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAuf der ACHEMA 2018 waren erneut zahlreiche Firmen vertreten, die im Bereich der Agglomerationstechnik tätig sind. Die Einsatzgebiete der vorgestellten Technologien reichten dabei von der Aufbauagglomeration über die Extrusion bis zur Pressagglomeration für mineralische, nachwachsende und biogene Rohstoffe sowie die pharmazeutische, chemische und Nahrungsmittelindustrie. Der Artikel gibt einen Überblick über die aktuellen Trends, wie Innovationen in der Messtechnik, Zusammenführung von Prozessschritten und Erweiterungen bestehender Apparate für neue Anwendungsbereiche.
Enhanced CO selectivity for reverse water‐gas shift reaction using Ti4O7‐doped SrCe0.9Y0.1O3‐δ hollow fibre membrane reactor
Authors: Zhuang Shujuan , Han Ning , Wang Tongtong , Meng Xiuxia , Meng Bo , Li Ying , Sunarso Jaka , Liu Shaomin 
Published: November 2018

AbstractReverse water‐gas shift reaction (RWGS) is important in the CO2 utilization cycle to convert carbon dioxide (CO2) and hydrogen (H2) to carbon monoxide (CO). In this work, the RWGS performance is evaluated by utilizing Ti4O7‐doped SrCe0.9Y0.1O3‐δ (SCY‐b) hollow fibre membrane reactor where H2 permeates through the SCY‐b proton conducting membrane and reacts with CO2 feed gas. Upon increasing the temperature from 750 to 950 °C, the CO yield increased from a negligible value to 14.82 %, when the sweep gas flow rate was 50 mL min−1 H2‐He (50:50 vol. ratio) and the feed gas flow rate was 100 mL min−1 CO2‐N2 (5:95 vol. ratio). The CO yield increase with the temperature increase reflects the enhanced H2 permeation flux through the SCY‐b membrane at higher temperatures. Higher CO2 concentration in the feed gas led to lower CO yield due to the higher amount of remaining CO2 in the outlet stream. The deposition of porous SCY or SCY‐b surface layer onto the hollow fibre outer circumference surface also increased H2 flux through the fibre relative to the non‐deposited one. Thermogravimetric and CO2‐temperature programmed desorption results further reveal that SCY‐b adsorbed CO2 at temperature above 500 °C due to the reaction between CO2 and SCY‐b material. Despite the formation of SrCO3 during RWGS, the SCY‐b hollow fibre membrane reactor still displayed a stable CO yield of around 14 % throughout the 6‐day continuous membrane reactor test.
Results of an early access treatment protocol of daratumumab in United States patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma
Authors: Chari Ajai , Lonial Sagar , Mark Tomer M. , Krishnan Amrita Y. , Stockerl‐Goldstein Keith E. , Usmani Saad Z. , Londhe Anil , Etheredge Delores , Fleming Sarah , Liu Baolian , Ukropec Jon , Lin Thomas S. , Jagannath Sundar , Nooka Ajay K. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackgroundDaratumumab is a human CD38‐directed monoclonal antibody indicated for the treatment of relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma (MM).MethodsA multicenter, open‐label treatment protocol provided early access to daratumumab for patients who had progressive MM after they received ≥3 prior lines of therapy that included a proteasome inhibitor and an immunomodulatory agent or if they were refractory to both a proteasome inhibitor and an immunomodulatory agent. Patients received daratumumab 16 mg/kg weekly for 8 weeks, every other week for 16 weeks, and monthly until they developed disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or 60 days after the drug gained US approval. Treatment‐emergent grade ≥3 adverse events (AEs), serious AEs, and AEs of special interest were collected.ResultsThree hundred forty‐eight patients were enrolled at 39 US sites between June and December 2015. Patients received study therapy for a median of 1.9 months (range, 0.03‐6.0 months). Fifty‐two percent of patients transitioned to commercially‐available daratumumab and 37% discontinued because of progressive disease. Grade ≥3 AEs occurred in 50% of patients, including thrombocytopenia (15%) and anemia (14%). Serious AEs occurred in 35% of patients (12% were drug‐related), including infections (11%). Infusion reactions occurred in 56%, 2%, and 2% of patients during the first, second, and all subsequent infusions, respectively; respiratory symptoms (cough, dyspnea, throat irritation, nasal congestion) were common. The infusion reaction rate for the first infusion was 38% in 50 patients at 2 sites who received montelukast as premedication for their first infusion and 59% in patients who did not receive montelukast.ConclusionsThe current findings are consistent with previously reported trials and confirm the safety profile of daratumumab in heavily pretreated US patients who have relapsed or refractory MM. Cancer 2018;124:000‐000.
A study of axitinib, a VEGF receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, in children and adolescents with recurrent or refractory solid tumors: A Children’s Oncology Group phase 1 and pilot consortium trial (ADVL1315)
Authors: Geller James I. , Fox Elizabeth , Turpin Brian K. , Goldstein Stuart L. , Liu Xiaowei , Minard Charles G. , Kudgus Rachel A. , Reid Joel M. , Berg Stacey L. , Weigel Brenda J. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackgroundAxitinib is an oral small molecule that inhibits receptor tyrosine kinases vascular endothelial growth factor receptors 1 to 3. A phase 1 and pharmacokinetic (PK) trial evaluating axitinib was conducted in children with refractory solid tumors.MethodsAxitinib was administered orally twice daily in continuous 28‐day cycles. Dose levels (2.4 mg/m2/dose and 3.2 mg/m2/dose) were evaluated using a rolling 6 design. Serial PKs (cycle 1, days 1 and 8) and exploratory biomarkers were analyzed.ResultsA total of 19 patients were enrolled; 1 patient was ineligible due to inadequate time having elapsed from prior therapy. The median age of the patients was 13.5 years (range, 5‐17 years). Two of 5 patients who were treated at dose level 2 experienced dose‐limiting toxicities (palmar‐plantar erythryodysesthesia syndrome in 1 patient and intratumoral hemorrhage in 1 patient). Frequent (>20%) grade 1 to 2 toxicities during cycle 1 included anemia, anorexia, fatigue, diarrhea, nausea, and hypertension. Nonhematological toxicities of grade ≥3 in subsequent cycles included hypertension and elevated serum lipase. PK analysis demonstrated variability in axitinib exposure, the median time to peak plasma concentration was 2 hours, and the half‐life ranged from 0.7 to 5.2 hours. Exposure and dose were not found to be significantly associated with hypertension. Five patients achieved stable disease for ≥6 cycles as their best response, including patients with malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (1 patient), Ewing sarcoma (1 patient), hepatocellular carcinoma (1 patient), and osteosarcoma (2 patients). One patient with alveolar soft part sarcoma achieved a partial response. Kidney injury biomarkers were found to be elevated at baseline; no trends were identified.ConclusionsIn children with refractory solid tumors, the maximum tolerated and recommended dose of axitinib appears to be 2.4 mg/m2/dose, which provides PK exposures similar to those of adults.
Digital image analysis supports a nuclear‐to‐cytoplasmic ratio cutoff value below 0.7 for positive for high‐grade urothelial carcinoma and suspicious for high‐grade urothelial carcinoma in urine cytology specimens
Authors: McIntire Patrick J. , Snow Justin T. , Elsoukkary Sarah S. , Soong Lauren , Sweeney Jacob , Robinson Brian D. , Siddiqui Momin T. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackgroundUrinary cytology is sensitive and specific for diagnosing and screening high‐grade urothelial carcinomas (HGUC). The Paris System (TPS) for urinary cytology was introduced in 2016 to standardize reporting. According to TPS diagnostic categories of HGUC and suspicious for HGUC (SHGUC), the average nuclear‐to‐cytoplasm (N:C) ratio of atypical cells should be ≥0.7. The objective of the current study was to measure the N:C ratio of urine cytology specimens with HGUC and SHGUC diagnoses and biopsy‐proven HGUC follow‐up.MethodsA cohort of 64 cases (HGUC, 49 cases; SHGUC, 15 cases) from 57 patients was constructed. Urine cytology slides were scanned into whole‐slide digital images. The nuclear and cytoplasmic areas were enumerated by digital image analysis (DIA), and the N:C ratios were measured.ResultsIn total, 640 cells were analyzed by DIA (HGUC, 490 cells; SHGUC, 150 cells). For HGUC and SHGUC, the average N:C ratios were 0.57 and 0.53, respectively. The maximum average N:C ratio was 0.73 for HGUC and 0.68 for SHGUC. HGUC had higher average N:C ratio (P < .001), higher average nuclear area (P < .001), higher average maximum N:C ratio (P = .005), and higher average maximum nuclear area (P = .006) compared with SHGUC.ConclusionsThe N:C ratios for the HGUC (0.57) and SHGUC (0.53) categories are lower than those previously suggested in TPS. The authors advocate reducing the N:C ratio below the current threshold of 0.7.
Particle‐in‐cell/Monte Carlo simulation of electron and ion currents to cylindrical Langmuir probe
Authors: Zikán Petr , Farkaš Kristián , Trunec David , Jánský Jaroslav , Bonaventura Zdeněk 
Published: November 2018

Electron and ion currents to a cylindrical Langmuir (electrostatic) probe were calculated using the particle‐in‐cell/Monte Carlo (PIC/MC) self‐consistent simulation for a neutral gas in the pressure range 2–3,000 Pa. The simulation enables us to calculate the probe currents even at high neutral gas pressures when the collisions of collected charged particles with neutral gas particles near the probe are important. The main aim of this paper is the calculation of probe currents at such high gas pressures and the comparison of the results with experimentally measured probe currents. Simulations were performed for two cases: (a) probes with varying radii in a non‐thermal plasma with high electron temperature at low neutral gas pressure of 2 Pa (in order to verify the correctness of our simulations), and (b) probe with the radius of 10 μm in the afterglow plasma with low electron temperature and a higher neutral gas pressure (up to 3,000 Pa). The electron probe currents obtained in case (a) show good agreement with those predicted by the orbital motion limited current (OMLC) theory for probes with radii up to 100 μm for the given plasma conditions. At larger probe radii and/or at higher probe voltages, the OMLC theory incorrectly predicts too high an electron probe current for the plasma parameters studied. Additionally, a formula describing the spatial dependence of the electron density in the presheath in the collisionless case is derived. The simulation at higher neutral gas pressures, i.e. case (b), shows a decrease of the electron probe current with increasing gas pressure and the creation of a large presheath around the probe. The simulated electron probe currents are compared with those of measurements by other authors, and the differences are discussed.
Nutritional value assessment of umufumba: A Rwandan wild edible plant Mondia whytei (Hook. F)
Authors: Janvier Habinshuti , Muhizi Théoneste , Ndayambaje Jean Bernard , Akenga Teresa Ayuko 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThis study reports findings on the macro‐ and micronutrient content of the root bark of Mondia whytei Skeels (Hook. F) (Asclepiadaceae), from five Rwandan different localities Northern part, and the nutritional content was found to vary locality of the plant. Vitamins were analyzed using high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The vitamins analyzed included β‐carotene (fat soluble), niacin, riboflavin, and thiamine (water soluble) whose content was found to range from 4.4 to 73.5 μg/g dry matter. Atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS) was used to analyze calcium, iron, copper, manganese, magnesium, zinc, cadmium, and lead, whereas flame emission spectrophotometry (FES) was used for the determination of sodium and potassium. The highest mineral (mg/g of dry matter) was K (11.34–32.05), while the lowest was Pb (0.03–0.06). Mean total protein content was determined using the combustion method, and the mean percentage range was 4.7%–15.4%. The sugars (fructose, glucose, sucrose, and xylose) were analyzed by HPLC. There were significant differences (2.5–132.2 mg/g) in the free sugar contents. The results obtained in this study indicate that Mondia whytei Skeels (Hook. F) is rich in nutrients and can be developed for use as a food supplement since the nutrient contents are within the ranges recommended by FAO and WHO.
Integrity of Cajal–Retzius cells in thereeler‐mouse hippocampus
Authors: Anstötz Max , Karsak Meliha , Rune Gabriele M. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractCajal–Retzius (CR) cells are early‐born glutamatergic neurons that are primarily known as the early main source of the signal protein Reelin. In thereelermutant, the absence of Reelin causes severe defects in the radial migration of neurons, resulting in abnormal cortical layering. To date, the exact morphological properties of CR‐cells independent of Reelin are unknown. With this in view, we studied the ontogenesis, density, and distribution of CR‐cells inreelermice that were cross‐bred with a CXCR4‐EGFP reporter mouse line, thus enabling us to clearly identify CR‐cells positions in the disorganized hippocampus of thereelermouse. As evidenced by morphological analysis, differences were found regarding CR‐cell distribution and density: generally, we found fewer CR‐cells in the developing and adultreelerhippocampus as compared to the hippocampus of wild‐type animals (WT); however, inreelermice, CR‐cells were much more closely associated to the hippocampal fissure (HF), resulting in relatively higher local CR‐cell densities. This higher local cell density was accompanied by stronger immunoreactivity of the CXCR4 ligand, stroma‐derived factor‐1 (SDF‐1) that is known to regulate CR‐cell positioning. Importantly, confocal microscopy indicates an integration of CR‐cells into the developing and adult hippocampal network inreelermice, raising evidence that network integration of CR‐cells might be independent of Reelin.
DYNAMIC‐MATURATIONAL MODEL OF ATTACHMENT AND ADAPTATION VERSUS ABC+D ASSESSMENTS OF ATTACHMENT IN CHILD PROTECTION AND TREATMENT: REPLY TO VAN IJZENDOORN, BAKERMANS, STEELE, & GRANQVIST (2018)
Authors: Crittenden Patricia M. , Spieker Susan J. 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTIn this brief response, we commend the commentary authors for joining a dialogue about the future of individual differences in attachment both around person‐specific forensic and clinical issues also around working together to develop theory and coding practices. We point to several areas of explicit and implicit agreement and discuss several misunderstandings. We close with a proposal for future work together, possibly using the only set of video‐recorded Strange Situations classified by Mary Ainsworth as a starting point from which we can explore alternative means of extending and expanding her work.
The story of PKC: A discovery marked by unexpected twists and turns
Authors: Kikkawa Ushio 
Published: November 2018

AbstractProtein kinase C (PKC) is activated by 1,2‐diacylglycerol as a second messenger in the signaling mechanism coupled with the hydrolysis of membrane inositol phospholipids, although it was not found by screening for a 1,2‐diacylglycerol‐dependent enzyme. PKC is also a receptor for the tumor‐promoting phorbol esters, but it was not identified by its property of binding phorbol esters, either. Instead, the discovery and characterization of PKC, now known to comprise a family with multiple isoforms, was through a circuitous voyage filled with unexpected twists and turns. This review summarizes the discovery and the initial experiments of PKC as a historical perspective of the enzyme family in the context of the progress in the studies on protein phosphorylation. © 2018 IUBMB Life, 71(6):697–705, 2019
In vitro neurosphere formation correlates with poor survival in glioma
Authors: C. Jayakrishnan Padmakrishnan , H. Venkat Easwer , M. Ramachandran Girish , K. Kesavapisharady Krishna , N. Nair Suresh , Bharathan Bhavya , Radhakrishnan Neelima , Gopala Srinivas 
Published: November 2018

AbstractSphere formation is an indicator of tumor aggressiveness independent of the tumor grade; however, its relation to progression‐free survival (PFS) is less known. This study was designed to assess the neurosphere forming ability among low grade glioma (LGG) and high‐grade glioma (HGG), its stem cell marker expression, and correlation to PFS. Tumor samples of 140 patients, including (LGG; n = 67) and (HGG; n = 73) were analyzed. We used sphere forming assay, immunofluorescence, and immunohistochemistry to characterize the tumors. Our study shows that, irrespective of the pathological sub type, both LGG and HGG formed neurospheres in vitro under conventional sphere forming conditions. However, the number of neurospheres formed from tumor tissues were significantly higher in HGG compared to LGG (P < 0.0001). Different grades of glioma were further characterized for the expression of stem cell marker proteins and lineage markers. When neurospheres were analyzed, CD133 positive cells were identified in addition to CD15 and nestin positive cells in both LGG and HGG. When these neurospheres were subjected to differentiation, cells positive for GFAP and β‐tubulin III were observed. Expression of stem cell markers and β‐tubulin III were prominent in HGG compared to LGG, whereas GFAP expression was higher in LGG than in HGG. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis demonstrated that neurosphere forming ability was significantly associated with shorter PFS (P < 0.05) in both LGG and HGG. Our results supports earlier studies that neurosphere formation may serve as a definitive indicator of stem cell population within the tumor and thus a better predictor of PFS than the tumor grades alone. © 2018 IUBMB Life, 71(1):244–253, 2019
StruggleIs Not a Bad Word: Misconceptions and Recommendations About Readers Struggling With Difficult Texts
Authors: Lupo Sarah M. , Strong John Z. , Conradi Smith Kristin 
Published: November 2018

AbstractMany teachers feel that students should not struggle with text; instead, they should read easier texts in order to learn from them and make adequate growth in reading. In turn, teachers might use easier or leveled texts as a solution or a graphic novel or multimodal version to differentiate text reading and to motivate and engage reluctant readers. The authors refute commonly held assumptions or misconceptions and offer alternative recommendations to improve students’ ability to learn from text and develop reading comprehension. The authors also suggest that teachers should embrace the struggle by providing supportive opportunities for all students to engage with challenging texts with appropriate instructional supports. Comprehension scaffolds include addressing adolescent readers’ knowledge and vocabulary needs, engaging readers in discussion about the text, and motivating and engaging readers with the topic and text throughout the reading experience.
ADAMTS13 kinetics after therapeutic plasma exchange and plasma infusion in patients with Upshaw‐Schulman syndrome
Authors: Kovarova Petra , Hrdlickova Radomira , Blahutova Sarka , Cermakova Zuzana 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackgroundHereditary thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, also called Upshaw‐Schulman syndrome (USS), is a rare disease caused by genetic mutations in the ADAMTS13 gene, which severely decrease the activity of ADAMTS13, a metalloprotease that cleaves von Willebrand factor multimers (VWF). Genotypically identical patients can show great phenotypic diversity.ObjectivesComparison of selected laboratory parameters and ADAMTS13 pharmacokinetics among patients with USS was performed.Patients/methodsSix patients with USS on prophylactic plasma therapy have been reviewed, retrospectively. Blood counts, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and ADAMTS13 activity at various time‐points before and after different treatment cycles were evaluated.ResultsADAMTS13 recovery and pharmacokinetics were affected by treatment modality, and also reflected the patients' comorbidities and their current physiological and clinical condition.ConclusionsOur present findings support a multifactorial contribution to treatment efficacy, and confirm the importance of adaptability and individualization of USS therapy. Therapeutic plasma exchange even in hereditary TTP is an option that can in some patients prolong intervals between plasma administration.
Accuracy and reliability of bedside thoracic ultrasound in detecting pulmonary pathology in a heterogeneous pediatric intensive care unit population
Authors: Tripathi Sandeep , Ganatra Hammad , Martinez Edmundo , Mannaa Mohannad , Peters Joe 
Published: November 2018

AbstractPurposeThis study was designed to access sensitivity and specificity of detection of lung abnormalities by the ultrasound (US) done by PICU providers of varying levels of experience compared to CXR and to assess the inter‐rater reliability in the interpretation of the USG findings.MethodsUp to three US examinations were performed on patients meeting eligibility criteria. US examinations were reported by the operator and remotely by an expert reader. Both operator and readers interpretation were correlated with CXR read by an independent pulmonologist.ResultsOne hundred and thirty‐five US examinations were performed on 91 patients over 9 months. Overall agreement between the operator and reader of the US was 0.53 (0.38‐0.68). The agreement was highest with an expert‐expert pair (0.75) and lowest with a novice‐expert pair (0.27). Sensitivity and specificity of thoracic US to detect pulmonary abnormalities showed a high sensitivity by the operator (82.5%) compared to the reader (63.4%). Specificity was 25% and 42.8%, respectively. US was overall highly sensitive to detect pneumonia (96.4%) with a 100% PPV, but only modest for bronchiolitis.ConclusionsLungs US is a rapid and sensitive bedside tool to assess lung consolidation in children in ICU. It, however, has low negative predictive values, and negative US examinations cannot rule out lung pathology.