bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MnO2‐Magnetic Core‐Shell Structured Polyaniline Dependent Enhanced EMI Shielding Effectiveness: A Study of VRH Conduction
Authors: Pal Rishi , Goyal Sneh Lata , Gupta Vinay , Rawal Ishpal 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe core‐shell structured based Polyaniline/MnO2 composites were synthesized by chemical oxidation method, wherein MnO2 particles acts as a magnetic core while polyaniline chains wrapped over these particles acts as a shell. Four different loading concentrations of MnO2 particles (10, 20, 30 and 40 wt %) were used to investigate the effect of MnO2 concentration on the EMI shielding effectiveness. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) studies performed on pristine MnO2 and composite samples reveal the polycrystalline nature of the MnO2 particles and semi‐crystalline nature of the composites with a sharp peak around 25° over a broad hump. Vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) studies performed on the pristine MnO2 particles as well composite sample (S4) at higher loading (40 wt %) concentration of MnO2 suggest the ferromagnetic nature at room temperature. The charge transport properties of the prepared samples have been investigated under variable range hopping (VRH) conduction. Mott's three dimensional VRH model has been found to be applicable for conduction in the present samples. The dc conductivity of the prepared samples is found to increase with MnO2 loading concentrations, which suggest their possible validity for EMI shielding applications. Therefore, the prepared samples are analyzed for EMI shielding properties in the frequency range of 8.2 to 12.4 GHz (X‐band). The sample prepared with 30 wt% of MnO2 has as much as 50 dB shielding effectiveness, which is quite higher than that required for industrial application (∼30dB).
New Porous High Surface Area, TiO2 Anatase/SAPO‐35 Mild Brønsted Acidic Nanocomposite: Synthesis, Characterization and Studies on it's Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity.
Authors: Siliveri Suresh , Chirra Suman , Tyagi Chinkit , Gandamalla Ambedkar , Adepu Ajay Kumar , Goskula Srinath , Gujjula Sripal Reddy , Venkatathri Narayanan 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAnatase TiO2 and Levyne type microporous silico alumino phosphate SAPO‐35 are synthesized by using hydrothermal method. TiO2/SAPO‐35 nanocomposites were prepared by sol‐gel method with different weight ratios. The synthesized materials were characterized by various analytical techniques such as PXRD, SEM/EDAX, TG/DTA, BET‐Surface area, FT‐IR, UV‐Vis, XPS, MAS‐NMR and photocatalytic study. From PXRD results it clearly evidenced that, the TiO2 anatase peaks and SAPO‐35 combined peaks are in the composite. The spherical shaped TiO2 nanoparticles were found to be dispersed over the rhombohedral SAPO‐35 particles, which was analysed by SEM. BET‐surface area analysis revealed that, the calcined SAPO‐35 has the surface area of 448 m2/g, was decreased to 222 m2/g for composite which is due to the presence of TiO2 particles having surface area of 85 m2/g on the surface of SAPO‐35. The oxidation state and co‐ordination of various elements present in nanocomposite was composed by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. MAS‐NMR analysis has shown that SAPO‐35 has tetrahedral Al, P and Si oxides. Eventhough Al is unique Si and P are in two different environment namely one in S6R and another in D6R with double intensity. The photocatalytic performance of methylene blue degradation under sunlight radiation by the synthesized TiO2/SAPO‐35 was analyzed. The TiO2/SAPO‐35 composites degrade the methylene blue under sunlight irradiation in 25 minutes against 90 minuts for pure TiO2 anatase. A plausible mechanism on photocatalytic activity is also proposed.
Nonpoint source pollution
Authors: Lian Qiyu , Yao Lunguang , Uddin Ahmad Zaki , Lei Xiaobo , Islam Fahrin , Zappi Mark E. , Gang Daniel Dianchen 
Published: August 2019

AbstractA comprehensive review of the research papers published in 2018 focusing on nonpoint source (NPS) pollution is presented in this review article. The identification of pollution from different sources and estimation of NPS pollution using various models are summarized in this review paper. Various innovative techniques are also examined to abate NPS pollution.Practitioner points

The non‐point source pollution in 2018 is systematically reviewed and documented.

This review evaluates and summarizes the identification, quantification, reduction, and management of NPS pollution.

Future perspectives of NPS pollution research are discussed.
The renaissance of yeasts as microbial factories in the modern age of biomanufacturing
Authors: Payen Celia , Thompson Dawn 
Published: August 2019

AbstractYeasts are essential for many processes, including the production of some of our most beloved foods and beverages. Less is known to the public about the far‐reaching impacts of yeasts on other products such as biofuels, pharmaceuticals, and industrial products. By leveraging and combining newly discovered yeast genetic diversity with now affordable and efficient genetic engineering and synthetic biology tools, academic and industrial yeast labs have designed yeast cell factories for a wide range of novel applications such as the production of medicines, components of human breast milk, heme for meat substitutes, bioplastics, and other biomaterials. This review covers the newest technologies developed for yeast research including synthetic biology and their use in the engineering of yeast cell factories for emerging applications.
Largely Unchanged Annual Incidence and Overall Survival of Pleural Mesothelioma in the USA
Authors: Keshava Hari B. , Tang Andrew , Siddiqui Hafiz Umair , Raja Siva , Raymond Daniel P. , Bribriesco Alejandro , Stevenson James , Murthy Sudish C. , Ahmad Usman 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundProjections based on regulations curtailing asbestos use in the USA suggest that peak incidence of pleural mesothelioma would occur between 2000 and 2005 and then decline. We analyzed the National Cancer Database (NCDB) to assess current trends in disease incidence, patient demographics, cancer treatment, and survival.MethodsThe NCDB was queried to identify patients diagnosed with pleural mesothelioma from 2004 through 2014. Clinical and pathologic characteristics, treatments, and survival were analyzed. Risk factors for death were identified by multivariable Cox regression.ResultsA total of 20,988 patients with pleural mesothelioma were reported to the NCDB. The number of cases per year increased from 1783 to 1961, accounting for roughly 0.3% of all reported cancers each year. The proportion of elderly patients increased from 75 to 80%, but distribution by sex remained constant (20% female). The proportion of patients undergoing treatment increased from 34 to 54%. One‐year survival increased from 37 to 47% and 3‐year survival from 9 to 15% (p < 0.001). Factors associated with improved survival included younger age, female sex, epithelioid histology, treatment in an academic center, health insurance, higher income, and multimodality therapy.ConclusionsThe annual incidence of mesothelioma has not declined this century and remains stable. Reporting of histologic and clinical staging has improved. National trends suggest that survival is slowly increasing despite an aging cohort. Multimodal therapy and treatment at academic centers are modifiable risk factors associated with improved survival.
Follow-Up Study Investigating the Effects of a Physically Active Academic Intervention
Authors: Mullender-Wijnsma Marijke Johanna , Hartman Esther , de Greeff Johannes Wilhelmus , Doolaard Simone , Bosker Roel Jan , Visscher Chris 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn previous studies, the effects of physically active academic lessons on academic achievement have been shown. Less is known about follow-up effects and the effects for disadvantaged groups. The first aim of this study was to examine 7–9 months follow-up effects of a physically active academic intervention on academic achievement. The second aim was to examine the effects of the 2-year intervention for a subgroup of socially disadvantaged children. A cluster-randomized controlled trial with 499 children (113 socially disadvantaged children) from second- and third-grade classes was conducted. Children’s academic achievement was measured before the intervention started, after the first and second intervention year, and 7–9 months after the intervention ended. At the 7–9 months follow-up, the intervention group showed significantly greater gains in math performance in comparison with the control group. No significant follow-up effects were found on language performance. Furthermore, the lessons significantly improved the math and spelling performance of socially disadvantaged children after two intervention years. These children did not benefit more from the lessons than other children. In conclusion, effects of physically active academic lessons on math achievement persist when the lessons are no longer taught, and the lessons are an innovative way to improve the academic achievement of socially disadvantaged children. The findings suggest that physically active academic lessons should be considered for inclusion in school curriculums in order to improve the academic achievement of all children.Trial Registration: This study is registered at www.isrctn.com (No. ISRCTN17021806).
An ADMM-based scheme for distance function approximation
Authors: Belyaev Alexander , Fayolle Pierre-Alain 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
A novel variational problem for approximating the distance function (to a domain boundary) is proposed. It is shown that this problem can be efficiently solved by ADMM. A review of several other variational and PDE-based methods for distance function estimation is presented. Advantages of the proposed distance function estimation method are demonstrated by numerical experiments. Applications of the method to the problems of surface curvature estimation and computing the skeleton of a binary image are shown.
The Potential Interaction Between Time Perception and Gaming: A Narrative Review
Authors: Nuyens Filip M. , Kuss Daria J. , Lopez-Fernandez Olatz , Griffiths Mark D. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Compromised time control is a variable of interest among disordered gamers because time spent on videogames can directly affect individuals’ lives. Although time perception appears to be closely associated with this phenomenon, previous studies have not systematically found a relationship between time perception and gaming. Therefore, the purpose of this narrative review is to explore how gaming disorder may be associated with time perception. It has been found that gamers exhibit a stronger attentional focus as well as an improved working memory compared with non-gamers. However, gamers (and especially disordered gamers) exhibit a stronger reaction to gaming cues which—coupled with an altered emotion regulation observed among disordered gamers—could directly affect their time perception. Finally, “'flow states”' direct most of the attentional resources to the ongoing activity, leading to a lack of resources allocated to the time perception. Therefore, entering a flow state will result in an altered time perception, most likely an underestimation of duration. The paper concludes that the time loss effect observed among disordered gamers can be explained via enhanced emotional reactivity (facilitated by impaired emotion regulation).
Malnutrition is associated with dynamic physical performance
Authors: Ramsey Keenan A. , Meskers Carel G. M. , Trappenburg Marijke C. , Verlaan Sjors , Reijnierse Esmee M. , Whittaker Anna C. , Maier Andrea B. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Background
Malnutrition and poor physical performance are both conditions that increase in prevalence with age; however, their interrelation in a clinically relevant population has not been thoroughly studied.

Aims
This study aimed to determine the strength of the association between malnutrition and measures of both static and dynamic physical performance in a cohort of geriatric outpatients.

Methods
This cross-sectional study included 286 older adults (mean age 81.8, SD 7.2 years, and 40.6% male) who were referred to geriatric outpatient mobility clinics. The presence of malnutrition was determined using the Short Nutritional Assessment Questionnaire (SNAQ, cut-off ≥ 2 points). Measures of dynamic physical performance included timed up and go (TUG), 4-m walk test, and chair stand test (CST). Static performance encompassed balance tests and hand grip strength (HGS). Physical performance was standardized into sex-specific Z-scores. The association between malnutrition and each individual measure of physical performance was assessed using linear regression analysis.

Results
19.9% of the cohort was identified as malnourished. Malnutrition was most strongly associated with CST and gait speed; less strong but significant associations were found between malnutrition and TUG. There was no significant association between malnutrition and HGS or balance.

Discussion
Physical performance was associated with malnutrition, specifically, dynamic rather than static measures. This may reflect muscle power being more impacted by nutritional status than muscle strength; however, this needs to be further addressed.

Conclusions
Malnutrition is associated with dynamic physical performance in geriatric outpatients, which should inform diagnosis and treatment/prevention strategies.
Investigation of Health-Related Consequences of Landmine Explosions During the Past 4 Decades (1979-2016): A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study, Kurdistan, Iran
Authors: Fathollahi Soraya , Yari Arezoo , Fatemi Farin , Ardalan Ali , Bidarpoor Farzam , Esmailnasab Nader 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTObjectives:Landmines remain a potential public health concern in the western and southern border regions of Iran. The aim of this study was to assess the health-related consequences of landmine explosions in Kurdistan Province during the past 4 decades.Methods:This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in Kurdistan Province of Iran in 2016-2017. The data gathering process was questionnaire based. Survivors, or a member of the deceased’s family, were interviewed, and 410 questionnaires were completed. Data analysis was performed by using descriptive or analytical tests in SPSS software V.22.Results:Antipersonnel landmines caused death immediately after the explosion 32.1% of the time, and 67.9% survived with various disabilities, such as blindness, deafness, and limb amputation. Sixty-three percent of the injuries were related to limb amputation, which was the most prevalent injury among survivors. The adjusted regression test revealed a significant relationship between severity of injury and variables such as living in the villages, education, and occupation (P-value < 0.05).Conclusions:Recognizing the mined areas and intensifying clearance measures are crucial for Kurdistan Province. Providing landmine awareness programs is likely to yield useful results in reducing casualties. Also, landmine survivors should have access to physical and social rehabilitation programs.
DISCRETE METRIC SPACES: STRUCTURE, ENUMERATION, AND 0-1 LAWS
Authors: MUBAYI DHRUV , TERRY CAROLINE 
Published: August 2019

AbstractFix an integer $r \ge 3$. We consider metric spaces on n points such that the distance between any two points lies in $\left\{ {1, \ldots ,r} \right\}$. Our main result describes their approximate structure for large n. As a consequence, we show that the number of these metric spaces is $\left\lceil {{{r + 1} \over 2}} \right\rceil ^{\left( {\matrix{ n \cr 2 \cr } } \right) + o\left( {n^2 } \right)} .$Related results in the continuous setting have recently been proved by Kozma, Meyerovitch, Peled, and Samotij [34]. When r is even, our structural characterization is more precise and implies that almost all such metric spaces have all distances at least $r/2$. As an easy consequence, when r is even, we improve the error term above from $o\left( {n^2 } \right)$ to $o\left( 1 \right)$, and also show a labeled first-order 0-1 law in the language ${\cal L}_r $, consisting of r binary relations, one for each element of $[r]$ . In particular, we show the almost sure theory T is the theory of the Fraïssé limit of the class of all finite simple complete edge-colored graphs with edge colors in $\left\{ {r/2, \ldots ,r} \right\}$.Our work can be viewed as an extension of a long line of research in extremal combinatorics to the colored setting, as well as an addition to the collection of known structures that admit logical 0-1 laws.
Interfering ACE on comprehending embodied meaning in action-related Chinese counterfactual sentences
Authors: WANG HUILI , YAN XIAOLI , CAO SHUO , LI LINXI , KRITIKOS ADA 
Published: August 2019

abstractThe present study explores whether embodied meaning is activated in comprehension of action-related Mandarin counterfactual sentences. Participants listened to action-related Mandarin factual or counterfactual sentences describing transfer events (actions towards or away from the participant), and then performed verb-compatible or -incompatible motor action after a transfer verb (action towards or away from the participant) onset. The results demonstrated that motor simulation, specifically the interfering action-sentence compatibility effect (ACE), was obtained in both factual and counterfactual sentences. Additionally, the temporal course of motor resonance was slightly different between factual and counterfactual sentences. We concluded that embodied meaning was activated in action-related Chinese counterfactual sentences. The results supported a neural network model of Chersi, Thill, Ziemke, and Borghi (2010), proposed within the embodiment approach, which explains the interaction between processing action-related sentences and motor performance. Moreover, we speculated that the neural network model of Chersi et al. was also applicable to action-related Mandarin counterfactual comprehension.
Importance of phosphorus and potassium in soil-specific nutrient management for wet-season rice in Cambodia
Authors: Kong Kea , Hin Sarith , Seng Vang , Ismail Abdelbagi M. , Vergara Georgina , Choi Il-Ryong , Ehara Hiroshi , Kato Yoichiro 
Published: August 2019

AbstractRice is widely grown in rainfed lowlands during the wet season in the Mekong region. Limited nutrient availability is a common constraint on crop yield, and the optimal rate of fertilizer application depends on the soil type. The objective of our study was to evaluate rice productivity and the economic feasibility of various nutrient management regimes in Cambodia. We conducted field experiments on three soil types (Prey Khmer, Prateah Lang, and Toul Samroung, equivalent to Psamments, Plinthustalfs, and Endoaqualfs, respectively) in four provinces (Battambang, Kampong Thom, Pursat, and Siem Reap) during the 2016 and 2017 wet seasons to compare nine (2016) and seven (2017) N–P–K combinations. Grain yield ranged from 0.9 to 4.8 t ha−1 in 2016 and from 1.0 to 5.2 t ha−1 in 2017, depending on soil type and nutrient management. The Prey Khmer soil contained around 80% sand, and rice yield responded most weakly to nutrient management. The moderate fertilizer input in the current soil-specific recommendation was effective on this soil type. However, on more fertile soils with a higher clay content and a higher cation-exchange capacity (Toul Samroung and Prateah Lang), an additional 20 kg N ha−1 combined with adding 15 kg ha−1 of P2O5 or 20 kg ha−1 of K2O significantly increased yield and economic return. Although P and K use during Cambodia’s wet season is uncommon, our results demonstrate the importance of these nutrients in improving the country’s rice production.
Role of staphylococci in mastitis in sheep
Authors: Vasileiou Natalia G. C. , Chatzopoulos Dimitris C. , Sarrou Stela , Fragkou Ilektra A. , Katsafadou Angeliki I. , Mavrogianni Vasia S. , Petinaki Efthimia , Fthenakis George C. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractStaphylococci have been isolated from various sites of the body of healthy sheep, as well as from many infections of those animals, the main one being mastitis. The objective of this review is to appraise the importance and significance of staphylococci in causing mastitis in ewes. The review includes a brief classification and taxonomy of staphylococci and describes the procedures for their isolation and identification, as well as their virulence determinants and the mechanisms of resistance to antibacterial agents. Various staphylococcal species have been implicated in staphylococcal mastitis and the characteristics of isolates are discussed with regards to potential virulence factors. Staphylococcal mastitis is explicitly described, with reference to sources of infection, the course of the disease and the relevant control measures. Finally, the potential significance of staphylococci present in ewes’ milk for public health is discussed briefly.
Stock discrimination of Chelidonichthys obscurus (Triglidae) in the central Mediterranean Sea using morphometric analysis and parasite markers
Authors: Boudaya L. , Feki M. , Mosbahi N. , Neifar L. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Assessing fish stocks has important implications for fisheries management and conservation biology. Gurnards are marine demersal fish that commonly occur in the Mediterranean, but their population in this region remains to be quantified. This study examines the population structure of the longfin gurnard Chelidonichthys obscurus (Walbaum, 1792) in waters off eastern Tunisia, using morphometry and parasite assemblages. A total of 134 fish are investigated from two studied zones – the Gulf of Hammamet and the Gulf of Gabès. Discriminant analysis is used to compare gurnard populations in the two studied zones using 13 morphometric characters and the infection parameters of seven parasites. Morphometric analysis reveals strong spatial variations between the studied zones, providing evidence for the existence of an ecological differentiation along the eastern Tunisian coast. Mahalanobis distances show that body height, pectoral fin length and first dorsal fin length are the most salient morphometric characters for determining the position of samples from the Gulf of Gabès. The effectiveness of using parasites to study longfin gurnard stocks is uncertain. The use of short-lived parasites as biological tags is questionable, at least in the present case. Future research, based on complementary approaches such as otolith microchemistry and genetics, may improve our understanding of the global stock structure of longfin gurnard to suitably inform regional organizations involved in fisheries management.
Primary laryngeal lymphoma in China: a retrospective study of the last 25 years
Authors: Zhao P , Zhou Y , Li J 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo retrospectively study the primary laryngeal lymphoma cases in China reported in Chinese-language literature.MethodChinese-language literature was searched for papers on primary laryngeal lymphoma published in the last 25 years.ResultsThe selected papers comprised a total of 115 cases. The male-to-female ratio was 3.4:1. Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma was the exclusive pathological type. The estimated 3-year, 5-year and 10-year survival rates were 70.9 ± 6.4 per cent, 63.4 ± 7.6 per cent and 56.4 ± 9.5 per cent respectively, as determined by Kaplan–Meier analysis. B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients had a better prognosis than T-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients (p= 0.032). Patients with lymph node involvement at diagnosis had a poorer prognosis (p&lt; 0.01).ConclusionPrimary laryngeal lymphoma is a rare disease with no specific clinical features. More than one biopsy might be needed to obtain the correct diagnosis. Proper treatment could lead to promising outcomes. The T-cell subtype and lymph node involvement at diagnosis might indicate worse prognosis.