bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
GR, Sgk1, and NDRG1 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: their correlation with therapeutic outcome of neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Authors: Ueki Shunsuke , Fujishima Fumiyoshi , Konno Takuro , Ishida Hirotaka , Okamoto Hiroshi , Takaya Kai , Sato Chiaki , Taniyama Yusuke , Kamei Takashi , Sasano Hironobu 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
BackgroundEsophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a highly malignant neoplasm. Glucocorticoid(GC)-Glucocorticoid receptor (GR) pathway plays pivotal roles in cellular response to various stresses of tumor cells including chemotherapy. However, the status of GC-GR pathway in ESCC, including its correlation with chemotherapeutic responses has remained largely unknown.MethodsGR, serum-and glucocorticoid-regulated kinase 1(Sgk1), and N-myc down regulation gene 1(NDRG1) were immunolocalized in 98 ESCC patients who had undergone esophagectomy following neoadjuvant chemotherapy(NAC) with 2 courses of 5-Fluorouracil(5-FU) + Cisplatin (CDDP). We also examined biopsy specimens before NAC in 42 cases and compared the results between those before and after NAC.ResultsOverall survival (OS) of the patients treated with surgery following NAC was significantly shorter in the group with high GR than that with low GR (P = 0.0473). Both OS and disease-free survival (DFS) were significantly shorter in both Sgk1- and NDRG1-high groups than low groups (OS: Sgk1, P = 0.0055; NDRG1, P = 0.0021; DFS: Sgk1, P = 0.0240; NDRG1, P = 0.0086). When evaluating the findings in biopsy specimens before NAC, DFS was significantly shorter in the high Sgk1 group (P = 0.0095), and both OS and DFS was shorter in high NDRG1 group (OS, P = 0.0233; DFS, P = 0.0006) than respective low groups. Among high NDRG1 group of biopsy specimens before NAC, the tumor reduction rate by NAC was significantly attenuated (P = 0.021).ConclusionsHigh status of GR, Sgk1, and NDRG1 in ESCC after NAC was significantly associated with over all worse prognosis and there were no significant changes in the status of those above before and after NAC. Therefore , increased activity of GC-GR pathway with enhanced induction of Sgk1 and NDRG1 in carcinoma cells plays pivotal roles in tumor progression and development of chemoresistance in ESCC patients undergoing NAC.
Effect of microencapsulated Lactobacillus plantarum LIP-1 on cholesterol metabolism in hyperlipidaemic rats
Authors: Yao Caiqing , Tian Wenjing , Song Jiaojiao , Wang Junguo 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: Previous studies have shown that Lactobacillus plantarum LIP-1 has obvious hypolipidemic effect, and microencapsulated probiotics can ensure the strains live through the gastrointestinal tract, although there has been much research on both preparation and assessment methods for probiotics microcapsules, most assessments are made in vitro and few are validated in vivo. In this study, the protective effect of microencapsulation and the possible hypolipidaemic mechanisms of probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum LIP-1 (hereafter LIP-1) were evaluated in rats. Methods: Treatments included rats fed on: normal diet, high-fat diet, high-fat diet with an intragastric supplement of either non-microencapsulated LIP-1 cells (NME LIP-1) or microencapsulated LIP-1 (ME LIP-1). Lipid metabolism indicators were measured during the experiment and following euthanasia. Results: Microencapsulation increased survival and colonization of LIP-1 in the colon. ME LIP-1 was superior to NME LIP-1 in reducing cholesterol. The mechanisms behind the hypolipidemic effect exerted by LIP-1 are possibly due to: promoting the excretion of cholesterol, improving antioxygenic potentials, enhancing recovery from the injury in the liver and intestinal mucosa, promoting the generation of SCFAs, and improving lipid metabolism. Conclusions: This study confirms the role of ME LIP-1 in the prevention and cure of hyperlipidemia and provides theoretical support for the probiotics to enter clinical use. Keywords: Microencapsulated LIP-1; non-microencapsulated LIP-1 cells; hypolipidaemic effect; lipid metabolism; antioxidative activity
How addicted are newly admitted Undergraduate Medical Students to Smartphones?: a Cross-sectional Study from Chitwan Medical College, Nepal
Authors: Karki Sirisa , Timilsina Sameer , Singh Jaya Prasad 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Introduction Increasing smartphone use among adolescents in todays’ world has made this handy device an indispensable electronic tool, however, it comes at a price of problematic overuse or addiction. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of smartphone addiction among undergraduate medical students and explore its association with various demographic and personal factors.Methods A pool of 250 undergraduate students enrolled at Chitwan Medical College were included in this cross-sectional study conducted between August to November 2018. A preformed demographic porforma along with 10-point Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version was used to collect participant information.Results Smartphone addiction among medical students was estimated at around 36.8% with higher percentage of male smartphone addicts. Prevalence rates of smartphone related tolerance was reported in 42.8% participants, 37.6% reported phubbing and 60.8% participants reported overuse. Statistically significant association was observed between smartphone addiction and gender, self-acknowledgement of addiction and overuse.Conclusion This study provides preliminary insights into smartphone use, smartphone addiction and various factors predicting smartphone addiction among early undergraduate medical students from Nepal, which should be extended in future studies. Some fruitful programs and strategies to promote students’ knowledge and awareness about using smartphone seems to be the need of the hour.
Identification of key gene biomarkers and pathways related to Dent disease in CLCN5 knockout mice by bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Lin Zhijian , Wang Yu , Guo Fanfan , Zhang Bing 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background Dent disease is an X-linked inherited renal disease that occurs almost exclusively in males. Abnormal CLC-5 function might play a role in the development of Dent disease, but the genetic interaction changes and biomarkers in Dent disease are not fully understood. The aim of this study was to explore the potential key gene biomarkers and pathways related to Dent disease in CLCN5 knockout mice model.Methods The gene expression profile GSE10162 was analyzed differentially expressed genes (DEGs), between 3 samples of CLC-5 transporter gene knockout mouse model of Dent disease and 3 samples from wild type mouse. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were applied for the enriched pathway by the online tool DAVID. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of DEGs was constructed to find the hub genes by STRING, and visualized with Cytoscape software.Results Three samples from were incorporated into this study. A total of 500 DEGs were filtered, consisting of 231 upregulated genes and 269 downregulated genes. GO analysis indicated that the up-regulated DEGs were significantly enriched in the regulation of transcription form RNA, regulation of cell proliferation, and ion transport, whereas down-regulated genes were mainly enriched in oxidation-reduction process, and metabolic process. KEGG analysis demonstrated that the DEGs were enriched in the metabolic pathways, neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, nicotine addiction, morphine addiction, fatty acid elongation, TNF signaling pathway, calcium signaling pathway, and cAMP signaling pathway. PPI network analysis found 17 hub genes with greater than 10 degrees of connectivity. The hub genes might participate in TNF signaling pathway, fat digestion and absorption, and enrich in lipid metabolic process, regulation of blood pressure, cellular response to hypoxia, positive regulation of angiogenesis, positive regulation of developmental growth, and positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration.Conclusions Our study suggests that Apob, Lep, C3, Cxcl1, Acly and Mmp9 may play key roles in the progression of Dent disease. Blood lipid profiles and calcium levels might be potential prognostic biomarkers for Dent disease.
The Antimicrobial Peptide MAF-1A Acts on the Transcriptional Response of Candida parapsilosis
Authors: Cheng Rong , Li Wei , Sample Klarke M. , Xu Qiang , Liu Lin , Yu Fuxun , Nie Yingjie , Zhang Xiangyan , Luo Zhenhua 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background
Candida parapsilosis is a major fungal pathogen that can cause sepsis in man. Novel antifungal agents are urgently required due to the threat of resistance to current therapeutic strategies. MAF-1A is a novel cationic antimicrobial peptide isolated from Musca domestica and is effective against a variety of Candida species. However, its antifungal mechanism is still unclear. Here, RNA-seq was used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in Candida parapsilosis after MAF-1A exposure. And then, we want to understand how the antimicrobial peptide MAF-1A work as an antifungal agent.
Results
The early (6 hour) response included 1122 genes with increased expression and 1065 genes with decreased expression. The late (18 hour) response was associated with the increased expression of 101 genes and decreased expression of 151 genes. When treated with MAF-1A from six to 18 hours, 42 genes were no longer expressed at elevated levels, and 25 genes that had a decreased expression pattern were reversed and demonstrated an increased expression pattern. KEGG enrichment showed that the DEGs caused by MAF-1A mainly involved amino acid synthesis and metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation, sterol synthesis and apoptosis.
Conclusion
These results indicate that MAF-1A may have multiple downstream effects in Candida parapsilosis. MAF-1A may exert antifungal activity by interfering with Candida parapsilosis cell membrane integrity and the function of certain organelles.
Barriers to sustained mother’s own milk feeding in newborns admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit or special care nursery.
Authors: Heller Nadja , Rüdiger Mario , Mense Lars 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background Breast milk feeding is the optimal nutrition for all neonates including preterm newborns. Factors influencing mother’s own milk (MOM) feeding at discharge need to be acknowledged and addressed appropriately.Methods Data was collected from electronic patient charts of the University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany. All infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) or special care nursery in the first two days of life during a period of three years were included. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to determine sociodemographic and medical factors associated with MOM feeding at discharge.Results At discharge, 54.9% of the infants were exclusively MOM fed, 44.4% of infants born ≥ 37 weeks, 56.1% of infants born between 32 and 36+6 weeks and 59% of infants born < 32 weeks gestation. In early preterm infants, first breastfeeding after the first 14 days of life, absent maternal nicotine abuse and vaginal delivery were associated with MOM feeding. For infants born 32 - 37 weeks, MOM feeding was more common with first breastfeeding after the first 14 days of life, lower birth weight and for women without gestational diabetes. For infants born ≥ 37 weeks MOM feeding was associated with first breastfeeding within the first 14 days.Conclusions A significant number of infants were not fed MOM at discharge. We identified groups that may benefit from targeted interventions to promote MOM feeding.
Gingival thickness assessment at mandibular incisors of orthodontic patients with ultrasound and cone-beam ct.
Authors: Kloukos Dimitrios , Kakali Lydia , Koukos George , Sculean Anton , Stavropoulos Andreas , Katsaros Christos 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background Quantitative and qualitative analysis of several periodontal parameters plays an important role in several dental procedures. Aim of the current study was to assess gingival thickness (GT) at mandibular incisors of orthodontic patients with two methods and determine how these methods are compared to each other when assessing periodontal anatomy through soft tissue thickness.Methods The sample consisted of 40 consecutive adult orthodontic patients. GT was measured at both central mandibular incisors, mid-facially on the buccal aspect, 2mm apically to the free gingival margin with two methods: a) clinically with an Ultrasound device (USD) and b) radiographically with Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT).Results CBCT measurements were consistently higher than USD measurements, with the difference ranging from 0.13 mm to 0.21 mm. No difference was noted between the repeated CBCT measurements at the right central incisor (Bias= 0.05 mm; 95% CI= -0.01, 0.11, p=0.104). Although the respective results for the left incisor indicated, statistically, that the measurements were not exactly replicated, the magnitude of the point estimate was small and not clinically significant (Bias= 0.06 mm; 95% CI= 0.01, 0.11, p=0.014). Small differences between CBCT measurements made by the 2 examiners at the left central incisor (bias= 0.06 mm, 95% CI= 0.01, 0.11, p=0.014) were detected. However, this difference was minor, and again, not clinically significant. The respective analysis on the right incisor showed no significant difference (bias= 0.05 mm, 95% CI= -0.01, 0.11, p=0.246).Conclusions Present data indicate that CBCT measurements were highly reproducible and yielded greater values compared to USD measurements.
Effect of ultrasound waves on hematological parameters, behavior and conduction system of heart in vitro in BALB/c strain mouse
Authors: Bubulis Algimantas , Vėžys Joris , Žymantienė Judita , Želvytė Rasa , Oberauskas Vaidas , Sederevičius Antanas , Aniulienė Albina 
Published: September 2019

In this study research was carried out on 5 male adult BALB/c mouse with a weight of 18±5 g. The temperature was at 22±2 °C and animals were kept under the condition of 12 h of light and 12 h of darkness (light on at 08:00 am) and free access to water and standard diet. All 5 mice were affected by three different harmonic oscillations one time and after 24 hours 4 of them were affected by the same oscillations (Fig. 1) and one was placed separately for control. At the end of the experiment, after euthanasia using CO2 chamber blood samples were collected by cardiac puncture. We noticed that ultrasound waves 20 MHz changed mice red blood cells structure and we found pathological forms of erythrocytes. Analysing morphological structure of erythrocytes were determined 46 abnormal red blood structure forms and atypical cells (30 codocytes, 8 stomatocytes and 8 acantocytes). Moreover, we determined that changed some normal behavior characteristics and increased grooming process.
Innovative controlling technologies
Authors: Бычкова Светлана , Bychkova Svetlana , Жидкова Елена , Zhidkova Elena , Андреева Олеся , Andreeva Olesya 
Published: September 2019

Modern agro-industrial and food industry enterprises require continuous improvement of management systems. The complexity and specificity of the agro-industrial production determine the approaches and management methods, which have
to be innovative. The research objective was to examine the role of innovation in controlling, as well as innovative technologies of controlling that can improve management efficiency of food industry enterprises. The research was based on the neosystemic approach. This fundamental method of scientific knowledge was applied to all aspects of the innovative fundamental theory of agroindustrial complex organizations, the role of innovation in the controlling system, and innovative controlling technologies. According to the neosystemic approach, the controlling system was considered as a single system that consists of initial subsystems and uses knowledge and achievements of various fields of science to solve specific problems. As controlling implements the management process at agricultural enterprises, it means that relevant innovations should be developed in the field of agricultural enterprise management. To understand the role of innovation in the controlling system, the authors introduced the concept of ‘managerial innovation’. The choice of specific areas of managerial innovation in controlling should be based on the analysis of the external and internal environment, as well as on the strategic goals and objectives of the specific agricultural enterprise. In terms of its role and functionality, the controlling system is central to the management of the enterprise and, at the same time, has strong relationships with other systems and subsystems. Therefore, in order to select innovative technologies to be used in controlling, it is necessary to designate a range of tasks solved by the main elements of controlling. The paper describes the tasks of the main elements of
controlling. The authors suggest innovative management technologies that can be used in controlling in the context of the main management functions such as planning, accounting, monitoring, and analysis. The approach takes into account the system of goal setting and the decision-making process in food industry. Thus, the main task of the modern controlling system is to form management technologies that use innovation as an element of the management cycle. Innovative technologies can be used in controlling both to achieve a strategic goal and to move to a new level of enterprise development.
O letramento dos invisíveis: a operacionalização dos letramentos por adultos não alfabetizados
Authors: Ferreira Costa Kleber Ferreira , Rios Renata Ferreira , Lopes Wellington Moreira 
Published: September 2019

Pegar o ônibus, ler a bula de remédio, acessar redes sociais são atividades corriqueiras no cotidiano de sujeitos letrados em nossa sociedade, mas para o adulto não alfabetizado essas e outras práticas sociais são vivenciadas com momentos de resistência e (re) construção do modo de agir diante do novo. Nesse contexto, este artigo tem por objetivo investigar que mecanismos de letramentos são acionados pelos adultos não alfabetizados em meio à sociedade grafocêntrica, que permite sua interação com os multiletramentos. Esta pesquisa tomou por base os estudos de Soares (2005), Cavalcante Jr. (2009), Tfouni (2010), Bosi (2003) e outros, que a luz da abordagem qualitativa, de cunho exploratório nos levou a entender como adultos não alfabetizados operacionalizam os letramentos diversos em seu cotidiano.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Letramentos; Operacionalização; Adultos não-alfabetizados.
A recategorização metafórica no debate político
Authors: Martins Santos Janyellen , Francisca Oliveira Santos Maria 
Published: September 2019

Este trabalho analisa a atuação da recategorização metafórica na constituição da textualidade e da argumentação no gênero debate político. Esse processo referencial promove uma reconstrução dos objetos de discurso sob um âmbito mais complexo, por não se limitar às porções textuais e realizar-se, em geral, por anáforas indiretas sob a forma de uma metáfora. Em relação ao gênero debate político, ele é tido como um debate público e regrado e de base argumentativa, uma vez que nele os candidatos buscam convencer eleitores indecisos de que são os candidatos mais aptos para a presidência. O referencial teórico conta com as contribuições teóricas de Cavalcante, Custódio Filho e Brito (2014), Costa (2009), Custódio Filho (2011), Koch (2011), Koch e Elias (2015), Köche, Boff e Marinello (2010), Marcuschi (2003), Moreira (2002), Preti (2000) entre outros. O estudo segue uma abordagem qualitativa, segundo a qual foram analisados os dados da pesquisa de modo interpretativo, sem focalizar em sua quantificação. O corpus é constituído de fragmentos do debate da rede Band de televisão do segundo turno das eleições presidenciais no Brasil, em 2014. Em relação às análises, viu-se como a recategorização metafórica atuou na tessitura textual e na argumentação do debate político, promovendo não somente retomadas da realidade, mas também sua reelaboração, de forma negociada, segundo uma perspectiva sociocognitiva.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: debate político; recategorização; referenciação
Assessment of the Usefulness of the SEMA5A Concentration Profile Changes as a Molecular Marker in Endometrial Cancer
Authors: Dziobek Konrad , Opławski Marcin , Grabarek Beniamin O. , Zmarzły Nikola , Kieszkowski Przemysław , Januszyk Piotr , Kiełbasiński Kamil , Kiełbasiński Robert , Boroń Dariusz 
Published: September 2019

Background:
Semaphorin 5A (SEMA5A) functions not only in the nervous system but also
in cancer transformation where its role has not yet been sufficiently studied and described.

Objective:
The aim of the study was to determine the changes in SEMA5A expression in endometrial
cancer at various degrees of its differentiation (G1-G3) compared to control.

Material and Methods:
The study group consisted of 45 patients with endometrial cancer at various
grades: G1, 17; G2, 15; G3, 13. The control consisted of 15 women without neoplastic changes in the
routine gynecological examination. The statistical analysis of immunohistochemical assessment of
SEMA5A level was carried out using the Statistica 12 program based on the Kruskal-Wallis test and
Dunn’s post-hoc test (p<0.05).

Results:
The expression of SEMA5A (optical density) was observed in the control group (Me =
103.43) and in the study group (G1, Me = 140.72; G2, Me = 150.88; G3, Me = 173.77). Differences in
expression between each grade and control and between individual grades turned out to be statistically
significant (p<0.01). The protein level of SEMA5A expression increased with the decreasing degree of
endometrial cancer differentiation.

Conclusions:
In our research, we indicated the overexpression of SEMA5A protein in endometrial cancer.
It is a valuable starting point for further consideration of the role of SEMA5A as a new supplementary
molecular marker in endometrial cancer.
In vivo Anti-Plasmodium Activity and Toxicity of Afzelia bipindensis and Senna Siamea Extracts: A Murine Model
Authors: L. Javeres Mbah N. , Nurulain Syed M. , Hamadama Oumarou G. , Bello Haris J. , Muazu Anas 
Published: September 2019

Background:
Malaria, a parasitosis affecting man, remains a public health problem in developing countries where morbidity and mortality are very high. Afzelia bipindensis and Senna siamea are two plants used in the treatment of malaria in different African countries including Cameroon.

Objective:
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antiplasmodial activity of hydroethanolic leaves extracts of Afzelia bipindensis and Senna siamea, from Northern Cameron using Plasmodium berghei and to investigate the acute and sub-acute toxicity of leaves extracts in a rodent model.

Methods:
The four days Peter’s suppressive test was used to evaluate the antiplasmodial activity and the OCDE 423 and 412 guidelines were applied to evaluate acute and sub-acute toxicity. Biochemical tests related to hepatic, cardiac and renal toxicity were also assessed.

Results:
The leaves’ extracts of Afzelia bipindensis at doses 180, 360, 720 mg/kg and Senna siamea at doses of 100, 200, 400 mg/kg have shown significant antiplasmodial activity (P) with parasite reduction ≈ 50%. No mortality of rats was observed at the tested doses. The biochemical analysis did not reveal any statistically significant difference when compared with control. However, ALT was statistically increased at a higher dose (720 mg/kg) of Afzelia bipindensis leaves extract. On the other hand, there was a significant decrease in triglycerides at 360 mg/kg and 720 mg/kg

Conclusion:
It is concluded that daily consumption of leaves extract of Afzelia bipindensis and Senna siamea are without significant risks to human health, favoring the use of these products in the treatment of malaria.