bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quality Assessment of Corydalis saxicola Bunting Using Quantitative Analysis of Multi‐Components by Single Marker and Fingerprint Analysis
Authors: Shen Yuanle , Yang Xu , Feng Hongli , Ruan Huini , Zhou Yuan , Li Zihong , Li Jilang , Zhang Peng , Li Kaitong , Wang Honglan , Liu Shen , Shi Xiaoxiu , Huang Jielan , Xian Jinyan , Chen Qiujie , Liu Zhenjie , Feng Jianfang 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTYan Huanglian is the whole grass and rhizome of Corydalis saxicola Bunting (CSB) of the Papaveraceae family. CSB has various pharmacological effects and is a promising ethnopharmaceutical. The chromatographic fingerprint of 16 batches of CSB samples was established in this study. Quantitative analysis of multi‐components by single marker and the external standard method (ESM) was used to quantitatively assess seven constituents of CSB. Because of its high stability and availability, dehydrocavidine was used as a reference to determine the relative correction factors (RCFs) of columbamine, epiberberine, coptisine hydrochloride, palmatine chloride, berberine hydrochloride, and chelerythrine based on high‐performance liquid chromatography. The calculated quantitative analysis of multi‐components by single marker values is consistent with those obtained from the ESM, and the repeatability of the RCFs was demonstrated. For the first time, the quantitative analysis of multi‐components by the single marker method has been established for the simultaneous determination of seven components, and it is demonstrated to be feasible and accurate for the quality evaluation of CSB combined with chromatographic fingerprint analysis. The combination of these methods could be used as a reference for quality control in Chinese medicine.
Feasibility of Using Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs) to Augment Cadaveric Temporal Training
Authors: Wesson Troy , Ambike Satyajit , Patel Radha , Yates Charles , Nelson Rick , Francis Alexander , Burgin Sarah 
Published: November 2024

ObjectiveInsertional speed of cochlear implant electrode arrays (EA) during surgery is correlated with force. Low insertional speed, and therefore force, may allow for preservation of intracochlear structures leading to improved outcomes. Given the importance of low insertional speeds, we investigate the feasibility of using inertial sensors for kinematic analysis during EA insertion to augment otolaryngology‐head and neck surgery training.MethodsPracticing otolaryngology surgeons were recruited and inertial measurement units (IMU; Metamotions+, MBIENTLAB Inc, San Jose, CA) consisting of accelerometers were used to measure hand speed during EA (Cochlear™Nucleus®CI522 cochlear implant with Slim Straight electrode, Cochlear Limited, Sydney, Australia) insertion into a cadaveric cochlea. A mixed regression model was utilized to determine differences in speed across trials within a surgeon.ResultsA total of nine trials were performed by three surgeons. The highest mean ± SD speed obtained was 8.4 ± 1.7 mm/s, and the highest speed was 22.5 mm/s. Mean speed was not significantly different across trials within surgeons (p > 0.05).DiscussionIMUs are relatively inexpensive and relatively easy to use sensors that provide information on variables that may be of interest for otolaryngology resident training. The use of IMUs as part of advanced temporal training for cochlear electrode insertion can provide insight into hand speed, thereby allowing residents to train with specific regard to this variable. Future randomized‐controlled trials can be carried out to determine whether IMUs are conducive to lower insertional speeds.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 2024
Evaluation of DNA Extraction Methods for Microbial Community Profiling in Deadwood Decomposition
Authors: Zhang Yanmei , Song Zewei , Schilling Jonathan S. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAs technologies advance alongside metabarcoding and metagenomic resources, particularly for larger fungal genomes, DNA extraction methods must be optimized to meet higher thresholds, especially from complex environmental substrates. This study focused on extracting fungal genomic compounds from woody substrates, a challenge due to the embedment of endophytic and saprotrophic fungi within wood cells, the physical recalcitrance of wood, the adsorption of nucleic acids to wood polymers, and the release of downstream inhibitors. Hypothesizing that cetyltrimethylammonium bromide would be the best option, we compared prominent methods by extracting and sequencing microbial DNA from sound and decayed birch (Betula papyrifera) and pine (Pinus resinosa). DNA quantities varied significantly depending on extraction methods and decay stage. The quality of DNA, in terms of purity and integrity, significantly impacted whether the samples could be amplified and sequenced. However, amplicon sequencing of bacterial and fungal communities revealed no significant extraction bias. This, along with the sequencing effectiveness and cost/time efficiency, indicates that Qiagen is the gold standard for woody substrates. This study increases confidence in published amplicon data sets regardless of the extraction methods, provides a cost‐benefit table for making protocol decisions, and offers guidance on fungal DNA extractions from complex organic substrates (sound and decayed wood) that would best suit future metagenomic efforts.
The Role of SMAD7 in the Epigenetic Regulation of TGF‐β Targets in the Metastasis of Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Chen Lin‐Yu , Yang Shu‐Yi , Chou Jian‐Liang , Chou Han‐Lin , Yeh Chia‐Chou , Chiu Chien‐Chih , Lai Hung‐Cheng , Chan Michael W. Y. , Jhang Jing‐Siang 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe role of TGF‐β signaling in the epigenetic modifications involved in ovarian cancer is not fully understood. This study investigated the relationship between TGF‐β signaling, epigenetic modifications, and cellular behaviors in ovarian cancer. We found that E‐cadherin, a key cell adhesion molecule, underwent epigenetic silencing via promoter DNA hypermethylation in ovarian cancer cell lines and that this was accompanied by the upregulation of vimentin, which is indicative of a mesenchymal and invasive phenotype. DNA‐demethylating agents restored E‐cadherin expression, which suggests that TGF‐β signaling mediates this epigenetic silencing. Overexpression of SMAD7, an inhibitory component of TGF‐β signaling, reversed E‐cadherin silencing, which suggests a role of SMAD7 in modulating the epigenetic status. Functionally, SMAD7 overexpression inhibited the migration and invasion in ovarian cancer cells, which suggests its therapeutic potential for suppressing metastasis. Clinically, ovarian cancer patients with high SMAD7 expression had significantly longer disease‐free survival. Mechanistically, SMAD7 overexpression decreased the acetylation of H3K9 and the binding of the transcriptional repressor TWIST1 at the E‐cadherin promoter, which promoted its demethylation and reactivation. Disruption of TGF‐β signaling upregulated SMAD4 target genes, which are silenced by epigenetic mechanisms, a finding that suggests broader therapeutic implications. Overall, our results provide insights into the role of TGF‐β‐mediated epigenetic regulation in ovarian cancer metastasis and underscore the therapeutic potential of targeting TGF‐β signaling and its downstream effectors. Further research is needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and validate these therapeutic strategies.
Occult Urinary Incontinence, Diabetes, Obesity, Prolapse Severity, and Type of Surgical Repair as Risk Factors for De Novo Stress Urinary Incontinence in Women Undergoing Surgical Repair of Pelvic Organ Prolapse: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Oliveira Ianne Kaline Bezerra , da Silva Calisto Sergio Luis , Ferreira Caroline Wanderley Souto , de Aguiar Cavalcanti Geraldo 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTPurposeThe International Continence Society and the International Urogynecological Association have not yet standardized the definition of de novo stress urinary incontinence. Recent studies define the development of stress urinary incontinence as occurring after surgical repair of pelvic organ prolapse in previously continent women. The mechanisms that cause de novo stress urinary incontinence are not yet clear. Knowledge of the predictive factors for this outcome after surgical correction of pelvic organ prolapse would be useful for assessing whether a concomitant anti‐incontinence procedure should be performed.Materials and MethodsThe aim of this systematic review and meta‐analysis was to identify some of the risk factors for de novo stress urinary incontinence: high body mass index, pelvic organ prolapse stage before surgery, presence of occult urinary incontinence, type of surgery, and the presence of diabetes mellitus. The present study was registered in the PROSPERO database under number CRD42021293764, and the systematic review was carried out according to the MOOSE recommendations and with the PRISMA 2020 guidelines.ResultsA total of 2429 articles were identified. Nine cohort studies were included in the systematic review and seven in the meta‐analysis. The risk of bias was assessed via the Newcastle–Ottawa scale and the certainty of evidence was assessed using the GRADE approach for each outcome. In the meta‐analysis, associations were identified between de novo stress urinary incontinence and occult urinary incontinence (n: 422; OR: 2.01; 95% CI: 1.26–3.22; p = 0.004), diabetes (n: 1213; OR: 2.35; 95% CI: 1.30–4.26; p = 0.005), and advanced pelvic organ prolapse (n: 1003; OR: 1.94; 95% CI: 1.14–3.30; p = 0.01). Consulting a meta‐analysis for the type of surgery was deemed impossible. A previous study comparing abdominal sacrocolpopexy with minimally invasive sacrocolpopexy revealed that women who underwent abdominal sacrocolpopexy were more likely to develop de novo stress urinary incontinence (n: 77; OR: 4.73; 95% CI: 1.56–14.34; p = 0.005). Another study found that pelvic organ prolapse repair using a transvaginal mesh was associated with higher levels of de novo stress urinary incontinence compared to robot‐assisted sacrocolpopexy (n: 76; OR: 6.74; 95% CI: 1.35–33.75; p = 0.02). A meta‐analysis of overweight or obesity was not possible due to the different assessment methods used in the studies.ConclusionsThis meta‐analysis revealed that occult incontinence, diabetes, and advanced pelvic organ prolapse before repair were associated with de novo stress urinary incontinence and these groups may therefore benefit from for anti‐incontinence procedures concomitant with pelvic organ prolapse repair.
Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Commercially Available Phosphite Antioxidants
Authors: Zhu Yuliang , Liu Xinyue , Tang Ying , Xu Kexin , Tang Xin , Zhu Longzhi , Xiong Biquan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPhosphite antioxidants exhibit superior anti‐aging and color‐stabilizing properties when incorporated into polymer materials. Their synergistic antioxidative effects are particularly noteworthy when used in combination with hindered phenol antioxidants and other primary antioxidants, serving as effective secondary antioxidants, displaying noteworthy synergistic antioxidation effects. This review systematically classifies the synthetic methods for phosphite antioxidants into three distinct categories based on the types of starting materials: synthesis from phosphorus trichloride, phosphorus‐containing esters, and white phosphorus. Additionally, it delineates the reaction mechanisms associated with these approaches and provides an overview of future potential research directions and applications for organophosphorus antioxidants.
Simultaneous intercalation of sodium ion and DMSO into Ti3C2 MXene/epoxy with high electrical conductivity: Synthesis and investigation
Authors: Karimi Shokoufeh , Yahyaei Hossein 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMXene is one of the most recent additions to the family of two‐dimensional materials. In this study, two groups of TiC MXenes (D refers to intercalated MXene with dimethyl sulfoxide [DMSO] and ND refers to intercalation with DMSO and sodium hydroxide [NaOH]) were synthesized utilizing the Ti3AlC2 MAX phase and a 30% hydrofluoric acid solution. A comprehensive analysis of their mechanical and electrical attributes was undertaken, highlighting an innovative approach involving simultaneous intercalation using both DMSO and NaOH. To put it in other words, adding sodium (Na) ion during the intercalation of DMSO could not only increase the electrical conductivity, but also accelerate the process of synthesis, as two steps of intercalation of DMSO and addition of sodium were mixed, making one step. The characterization of MXene was accomplished through x‐ray diffraction analysis and field emission scanning electron microscopy. Mechanical properties were evaluated employing dynamic mechanical thermal analysis, tensile, and Vickers hardness. The optimal weight percentage for achieving the desired electrical and mechanical properties in both groups of MXenes was found to be 5 wt%. Incorporating 5% D‐group MXene into the epoxy system resulted in substantial improvements. As a consequence, electrical conductivity, Young's modulus, elongation at break, tensile strength, and storage modulus in glassy state and hardness increased by factors of 108 times, 115%, 235%, 175%, 30% and 60%, respectively. The mentioned properties rose by 1010 times, 70%, 200%, 120%, 16% and 140%, respectively by adding the 5% ND‐group MXene.Highlights
The purity of MAX phase plays a crucial role in synthesizing the MXene
Simultaneous intercalation of dimethyl sulfoxide and NaOH is viable
Mxene can improve electrical conductivity of epoxy up to 108 times
NaOH improve intercalation of Mxene
Due to the aggregation, there is an optimal weight percentage of MXene
Combining de‐icing and self‐healing for wind blades through an innovative multilayer coating approach
Authors: Cortés A. , Esperanza A. , Gómez‐Sánchez J. , Sanchez‐Romate X. F. , Prolongo S. G. , Jiménez‐Suárez A. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIce accretion is a huge concern for many wind blades installed in colder regions. The approach of active de‐icing systems based on coatings has been recently quite explored. Nevertheless, the concern about an external electrically conductive layer leads to the need to develop multilayer insulating/conductive coatings. For this purpose, a novel multilayer coating consisting of a 3D printed carbon nanotube (CNT) and graphene nanoplatelet (GNP) reinforced nanocomposite is proposed, covered by a top coating consisting of a PCL‐based epoxy blend. Here, the CNT/GNP layer presents outstanding Joule heating capabilities due to the enhanced electrical conductivity, which increases significantly when increasing the filler content without drastically affecting the quality of the printed ribbons. More specifically, the temperature reached was about 140°C when applying 30 V for the 4 wt.%CNT and 6 wt.%GNP reinforced specimens. In this regard, this resistive heating can promote the thermal stimulus needed to activate de‐icing and self‐healing mechanisms on the epoxy/PCL top layer. Healing efficiencies obtained by the Joule effect reached up to 90% efficiency in comparison to convective heating, which showed a 68%, explained by the improved heating transfer from the CNT/GNP layer when applying the resistive heating. Finally, a proof‐of‐concept test as a de‐icing system showed a complete ice removal within 2.9 min when applying the resistive heating in the intermediate CNT/GNP layer, proving the multifunctionality of the proposed multilayer coating for self‐heating and self‐healing applications.Highlights
A multilayer coating with self‐healing and de‐icing capabilities was successfully developed.
Great combination of 3 min de‐icing time and 90% self‐healing efficiency.
Novel inner 3D printed layer allows higher CNT/GNP contents than traditional ones.
A multilayer approach with optimized nanoreinforced area required.
Identification of Active Ingredients in Ginseng Volatile Oil: A Strategy Combining Computer Virtual Screening With Experimental Validation
Authors: Yang Jie , Yu Zhiying , Li Siyuan , Zhang Weijiang , He Jianghua , Qu Xiaoyang , Qi Yunpeng , Yin Yihui , Wu Jingjing , Chen Lijuan , Dong Ling , Xu Wenjuan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundGinseng volatile oil (GVO) is a valuable active ingredient in ginseng (Panax ginseng C. A. Mey.) with high research potential. Drying procedures alter the real composition of the fresh material, for example, the evaporation of compounds with low boiling point. In this study, the composition of volatile oil in fresh ginseng (FG), sun‐dried ginseng (SDG), and red ginseng (RD) was systematically analyzed to clarify the dominant components of FG and their potential pharmacological effects, which provides a basis for application and development of FG.MethodologyGVO was obtained through water vapor distillation and analyzed using GC–MS. Pattern recognition analysis was employed to differentiate components in three processed types of ginseng. Based on this analysis, the active ingredients and key targets were screened. The binding mode and affinity were verified using molecular docking technology. Finally, the anticancer activity of GVO was verified by cell experiments.ResultsA total of 53 components were identified in three processed types of ginseng by GC–MS. Among them, 32 differential components were screened by pattern recognition analysis. Ultimately, 6 active ingredients (panaxydol, nerolidyl acetate, falcarinol, cis‐β‐farnesene, γ‐elemene, and β‐elemene) and 15 key targets were determined by network pharmacology analysis. Molecular docking results revealed that β‐elemene exhibited a higher affinity with EGFR, ESR1, and ERK2. Cell experiments indicated that GVO promotes apoptosis in cancer cells.ConclusionThis research proposed a strategy that integrated “component detection‐virtual multitarget screening‐active component prediction‐experimental verification” to expedite the identification of active ingredients, providing insights for application of FG and the development of functional products.
Localization of proteins involved in the biogenesis and repair of the photosynthetic apparatus to thylakoid subdomains in Arabidopsis
Authors: Chotewutmontri Prakitchai , Barkan Alice 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThylakoid membranes in chloroplasts and cyanobacteria harbor the multisubunit protein complexes that catalyze the light reactions of photosynthesis. In plant chloroplasts, the thylakoid membrane system comprises a highly organized network with several subcompartments that differ in composition and morphology: grana stacks, unstacked stromal lamellae, and grana margins at the interface between stacked and unstacked regions. The localization of components of the photosynthetic apparatus among these subcompartments has been well characterized. However, less is known about the localization of proteins involved in the biogenesis and repair of the photosynthetic apparatus, the partitioning of proteins between two recently resolved components of the traditional margin fraction (refined margins and curvature), and the effects of light on these features. In this study, we analyzed the partitioning of numerous thylakoid biogenesis and repair factors among grana, curvature, refined margin, and stromal lamellae fractions of Arabidopsis thylakoid membranes, comparing the results from illuminated and dark‐adapted plants. Several proteins previously shown to localize to a margin fraction partitioned in varying ways among the resolved curvature and refined margin fractions. For example, the ALB3 insertase and FtsH protease involved in photosystem II (PSII) repair were concentrated in the refined margin fraction, whereas TAT translocon subunits and proteins involved in early steps in photosystem assembly were concentrated in the curvature fraction. By contrast, two photosystem assembly factors that facilitate late assembly steps were depleted from the curvature fraction. The enrichment of the PSII subunit OE23/PsbP in the curvature fraction set it apart from other PSII subunits, supporting the previous conjecture that OE23/PsbP assists in PSII biogenesis and/or repair. The PSII assembly factor PAM68 partitioned differently among thylakoid fractions from dark‐adapted plants and illuminated plants and was the only analyzed protein to convincingly do so. These results demonstrate an unanticipated spatial heterogeneity of photosystem biogenesis and repair functions in thylakoid membranes and reveal the curvature fraction to be a focal point of early photosystem biogenesis.
Evaluating the use of in‐season measures of pest abundance to predict end‐of‐season damage: a study in commercial almond (Prunus dulcis)
Authors: Broadhead Geoffrey T , Higbee Bradley S , Beck John J 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDPre‐harvest pest management tools are essential to minimizing crop loss. The development of predictive models using early warning signs of pest abundance to predict imminent crop loss can guide management decisions and enable targeted, well‐calibrated intervention. With sufficient data, in‐season measures of pest abundance can be an important factor in generating accurate predictions of damage. However, sampling plans for tracking insect phenology and those designed to guide informed pest‐management may not be equivalent. Using data from a commercial almond orchard setting, we evaluated five different lure‐trap combinations used for monitoring navel orangeworm (Amyelois transitella; a primary pest of almond) under different management conditions. Using these data, we developed a predictive model of almond damage and evaluated the contribution of in‐season measures of pest abundance towards accurate predictions of end‐of‐season damage.RESULTSMating disruption in orchard management influenced the efficacy of multiple lure‐trap combinations. Despite this effect, there was as strong correlation between measured pest abundance and damage across multiple trap types regardless of management method. While statistically significant, measures of pest abundance did not enhance the accuracy of predictive models and characteristics of almond variety were stronger predictors of damage at harvest.CONCLUSIONRepeated significant correlations between navel orangeworm abundance and almond damage across multiple trap types justifies continued exploration of predictive modeling as a management tool. Lure‐trap combinations exhibiting resistance to external factors are clear candidates for further development. However, generating accurate predictions of damage using these data will likely require calibration or modification of current sampling protocols. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry. This article has been contributed to by U.S. Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA.