bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing the effects of climate change on US West Coast sablefish productivity and on the performance of alternative management strategies
Authors: Haltuch Melissa A , A’mar Z Teresa , Bond Nicholas A , Valero Juan L 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
US West Coast sablefish are economically valuable, with landings of 11.8 million pounds valued at over $31 million during 2016, making assessing and understanding the impact of climate change on the California Current (CC) stock a priority for (1) forecasting future stock productivity, and (2) testing the robustness of management strategies to climate impacts. Sablefish recruitment is related to large-scale climate forcing indexed by regionally correlated sea level (SL) and zooplankton communities that pelagic young-of-the-year sablefish feed upon. This study forecasts trends in future sablefish productivity using SL from Global Climate Models (GCMs) and explores the robustness of harvest control rules (HCRs) to climate driven changes in recruitment using management strategy evaluation (MSE). Future sablefish recruitment is likely to be similar to historical recruitment but may be less variable. Most GCMs suggest that decadal SL trends result in recruitments persisting at lower levels through about 2040 followed by higher levels that are more favorable for sablefish recruitment through 2060. Although this MSE suggests that spawning biomass and catches will decline, and then stabilize, into the future under both HCRs, the sablefish stock does not fall below the stock size that leads to fishery closures.
Accurate estimation of fish length in single camera photogrammetry with a fiducial marker
Authors: Monkman Graham G , Hyder Kieran , Kaiser Michel J , Vidal Franck P 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Videogrammetry and photogrammetry are increasingly being used in marine science for unsupervised data collection. The camera systems employed are complex, in contrast to “consumer” digital cameras and smartphones carried by potential citizen scientists. However, using consumer cameras in photogrammetry will introduce unknown length estimation errors through both the image acquisition process and lens distortion. This study presents a methodology to achieve accurate 2-dimensional (2-D) total length (TL) estimates of fish without specialist equipment or proprietary software. Photographs of fish were captured with an action camera using a background fiducial marker, a foreground fiducial marker and a laser marker. The geometric properties of the lens were modelled with OpenCV to correct image distortion. TL estimates were corrected for parallax effects using an algorithm requiring only the initial length estimate and known fish morphometric relationships. Correcting image distortion decreased RMSE by 96% and the percentage mean bias error (%MBE) by 50%. Correcting for parallax effects achieved a %MBE of −0.6%. This study demonstrates that the morphometric measurement of different species can be accurately estimated without the need for complex camera equipment, making it particularly suitable for deployment in citizen science and other volunteer-based data collection endeavours.
Decellularization as a method to reduce calcification in bovine pericardium bioprosthetic valves
Authors: Collatusso Claudinei , Roderjan João Gabriel , de Noronha Lucia , Klosowski Allyson , Suss Paula Hansen , Guarita-Souza Luiz César , Costa Francisco Diniz Affonso da 
Published: February 2019

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Decellularization is an alternative method for processing biological tissues with decreased antigenicity and resistance to calcification. The aim of this study was to characterize the properties of decellularized (dCell) bovine pericardium fixed with 0.1% glutaraldehyde (GA) and to evaluate outcomes of bioprosthetic valves constructed with this tissue when implanted in the mitral position of juvenile sheep.

METHODS
Bioprosthetic mitral valves were constructed with fresh bovine pericardium fixed in 0.5% GA (control group) or dCell bovine pericardium fixed in 0.1% GA (study group). Before implantation, samples were submitted to histological (haematoxylin–eosin, Movat and 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole), biochemical (residual deoxyribonucleic acid and α-gal epitopes) and biomechanical characterization. Valves were implanted (n = 8 in each group) as a mitral valve replacement for 180 days in sheep and explants were re-evaluated histologically and for calcification with radiological studies and calcium content determination.

RESULTS
Unimplanted dCell pericardia exhibited a well-preserved extracellular matrix with absence of cells, a 77% reduction in deoxyribonucleic acid levels and with no detectable α-gal epitopes. When compared to controls, they had lower ultimate tensile strength (7.3 ± 5.4 vs 10.2 ± 3.0 mPa, P = 0.04) and greater percentage elongation in the longitudinal direction (29 ± 6.5% vs 23.8 ± 5.1%, P = 0.02). After 180 days in mitral position, dCell valves showed pliable leaflets without macroscopic signs of calcification. Histologically, dCell leaflets had intact collagen fibres, better tissue remodelling and a significant 89% reduction in calcium content.

CONCLUSIONS
This study demonstrates that bioprosthetic valves constructed with dCell bovine pericardium fixed in low GA concentration were resistant to calcification and may thereby improve long-term durability of the tissue.
Outlier detection for questionnaire data in biobanks
Authors: Sakurai Rieko , Ueki Masao , Makino Satoshi , Hozawa Atsushi , Kuriyama Shinichi , Takai-Igarashi Takako , Kinoshita Kengo , Yamamoto Masayuki , Tamiya Gen 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBackgroundBiobanks increasingly collect, process and store omics with more conventional epidemiologic information necessitating considerable effort in data cleaning. An efficient outlier detection method that reduces manual labour is highly desirable.MethodWe develop an unsupervised machine-learning method for outlier detection, namely kurPCA, that uses principal component analysis combined with kurtosis to ascertain the existence of outliers. In addition, we propose a novel regression adjustment approach to improve detection, namely the regression adjustment for data by systematic missing patterns (RAMP).ResultApplication to epidemiological record data in a large-scale biobank (Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Japan) shows that a combination of kurPCA and RAMP effectively detects known errors or inconsistent patterns.ConclusionsWe confirm through the results of the simulation and the application that our methods showed good performance. The proposed methods are useful for many practical analysis scenarios.
A self-correcting variable-metric algorithm framework for nonsmooth optimization
Authors: Curtis Frank E , Robinson Daniel P , Zhou Baoyu 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
An algorithm framework is proposed for minimizing nonsmooth functions. The framework is variable metric in that, in each iteration, a step is computed using a symmetric positive-definite matrix whose value is updated as in a quasi-Newton scheme. However, unlike previously proposed variable-metric algorithms for minimizing nonsmooth functions, the framework exploits self-correcting properties made possible through Broyden–Fletcher–Goldfarb–Shanno-type updating. In so doing, the framework does not overly restrict the manner in which the step computation matrices are updated, yet the scheme is controlled well enough that global convergence guarantees can be established. The results of numerical experiments for a few algorithms are presented to demonstrate the self-correcting behaviours that are guaranteed by the framework.
State Delegations and the Influence of COP Decisions
Authors: Goodwin Edward J 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
This article concerns the likelihood that decisions adopted at conferences of the parties (COPs) to multilateral environmental agreements will influence the behaviour of States Parties. Relying upon a theory emphasising the importance of rational persuasion of decisions and the legitimacy of decision-making processes, this article explains how choices concerning the preparation of delegates and then participation of delegations at plenary meetings of the parties to environmental treaties might enhance the likelihood of those decisions having a positive effect upon the actions of States Parties. This is done using a case study of the UK delegation to a meeting of the parties to the 1971 Ramsar Convention on Wetlands of International Importance. That case study also provides examples of potentially positive modalities adopted by the UK, while also revealing suspected concerns for the future surrounding retention of experienced delegates and the impact of Brexit.
The Epidemiology of Cancer Among Homeless Adults in Metropolitan Detroit
Authors: Holowatyj Andreana N , Heath Elisabeth I , Pappas Lisa M , Ruterbusch Julie J , Gorski David H , Triest Jeffrey A , Park Hyo K , Beebe-Dimmer Jennifer L , Schwartz Ann G , Cote Michele L , Schwartz Kendra L 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBackgroundHomeless individuals suffer and die disproportionately from chronic diseases and disorders. We describe the epidemiology of cancer among homeless persons in metropolitan Detroit.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was performed using 1973–2014 data from the Metropolitan Detroit Cancer Surveillance System, a population-based cancer registry and member of the National Institutes of Health-National Cancer Institute’s Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program. Homeless adults were identified through address at diagnosis listed as a homeless shelter, hospital, or supplemental field indicating homelessness. Age-adjusted, sex-specific proportional incidence ratios (PIR) compared cancer incidence proportions by primary tumor site of homeless patients to the nonhomeless referent population. Kaplan-Meier curves depicted unadjusted survival differences in a propensity score matched sample. Differences in 10-year survival were assessed using the score test with a sandwich estimator accounting for matched cluster effects. Statistical tests were two-sided.ResultsA total of 388 individuals experienced homelessness at first primary invasive cancer diagnosis. Statistically significantly higher proportions of respiratory system (PIR = 1.51; 95% confidence interval = 1.28 to 1.79) and female genital system (PIR = 1.83; 95% confidence interval = 1.31 to 2.55) cancers were observed among homeless men and women, respectively. Homeless persons had poorer overall and cancer-reported survival compared with a propensity score matched referent population (median: overall survival, 20.0 vs 38.0 months, respectively, P < .001; cancer-reported survival, 38.0 vs 64.0 months, respectively, P  < .001).ConclusionDisparities in disease burden exist between adults who are experiencing homelessness compared with the nonhomeless population at cancer diagnosis. These findings provide clinically relevant information to understand the cancer burden in this medically underserved population and suggest an urgent need to develop cancer prevention and intervention programs to reduce disparities and improve the health of homeless persons.
A Prospective Examination of Child Avoidance Coping and Parental Coping Assistance After Pediatric Injury: A Mixed-Methods Approach
Authors: Jones Alyssa C , Kassam-Adams Nancy , Ciesla Jeffrey A , Barakat Lamia P , Marsac Meghan L 
Published: February 2019

AbstractObjectiveMillions of children experience injuries annually, and avoidance coping increases risk of negative emotional and physical outcomes after injury. Little is known about how children select avoidance coping strategies. Parents may help their children cope with an injury by encouraging or discouraging the use of specific strategies, such as avoidance coping. The present study examined parental influence of child use of avoidance coping post-injury.MethodsChildren ages 8–13 (65% male; 50% White) hospitalized for pediatric injury and their parents (N = 96 child-parent dyads) participated in an interview and discussion task about coping at baseline, and then completed coping/coping assistance measures at three time points: T1 (within 2 weeks post-injury), T2 (6-weeks post-injury), and T3 (12-weeks post-injury).ResultsWhen presented with an ambiguous situation in the observational interview and discussion task, the number of avoidance coping solutions offered by children independently as well as during a discussion with their parent predicted the child’s ultimate avoidance versus non-avoidance coping choice. The number of avoidance coping solutions offered by parents did not predict children’s final choice to use avoidance coping. Longitudinal data suggest that parent encouragement of avoidance coping predicted child avoidance coping within the first 6-weeks post-trauma.ConclusionsOur study suggests that child avoidance coping is multifaceted and may result from both parent encouragement as well as independent decisions by children. Future research may explore additional factors that influence child avoidance coping, outside of parental suggestion, in response to trauma exposure.
Digital nudges and dark patterns: The angels and the archfiends of digital communication
Authors: Özdemir Şebnem 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Nudging is simply guiding people behaviors by the use of user-interface and design elements in digital environments. Today, many decisions are made in online environments. Gaining insights about digital nudging can greatly help communicators, policy makers, and designers lead users to make the most desirable choice for them and/or for the wealth of the society as well. Digital nudges can be used in many digital environments like e-mail, SMS, push notifications, mobile apps, social media, gamification, e-commerce, e-government, location services, corporate digital information systems, and many other digital interfaces that include any kind of decision-making processes. This study is a descriptive study and more of a qualitative nature and aims to identify the digital nudging concept, dark patterns, and usage of digital nudges in real-life applications. It also proposes a brief digital nudging process schema to be used for designing behavioral digital interventions.
Comparing approximate methods for mock catalogues and covariance matrices II: power spectrum multipoles
Authors: Blot Linda , Crocce Martin , Sefusatti Emiliano , Lippich Martha , Sánchez Ariel G , Colavincenzo Manuel , Monaco Pierluigi , Alvarez Marcelo A , Agrawal Aniket , Avila Santiago , Balaguera-Antolínez Andrés , Bond Richard , Codis Sandrine , Dalla Vecchia Claudio , Dorta Antonio , Fosalba Pablo , Izard Albert , Kitaura Francisco-Shu , Pellejero-Ibanez Marcos , Stein George , Vakili Mohammadjavad , Yepes Gustavo 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT
We study the accuracy of several approximate methods for gravitational dynamics in terms of halo power spectrum multipoles and their estimated covariance matrix. We propagate the differences in covariances into parameter constraints related to growth rate of structure, Alcock–Paczynski distortions, and biasing. We consider seven methods in three broad categories: algorithms that solve for halo density evolution deterministically using Lagrangian trajectories (ICE–COLA, pinocchio, and peakpatch), methods that rely on halo assignment schemes on to dark matter overdensities calibrated with a target N-body run (halogen, patchy), and two standard assumptions about the full density probability distribution function (Gaussian and lognormal). We benchmark their performance against a set of three hundred N-body simulations, running similar sets of approximate simulations with matched initial conditions, for each method. We find that most methods reproduce the monopole to within $5{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$, while residuals for the quadrupole are sometimes larger and scale dependent. The variance of the multipoles is typically reproduced within $10{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$. Overall, we find that covariances built from approximate simulations yield errors on model parameters within $10{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ of those from the N-body-based covariance.
Predictors of Epileptic Seizures and Ability to Work in Supratentorial Cavernous Angioma Located Within Eloquent Brain Areas
Authors: Zanello Marc , Goodden John R , Colle Henry , Wager Michel , Hamer Philip C De Witt , Smits Anja , Bello Lorenzo , Tate Matthew , Spena Giannantonio , Bresson Damien , Capelle Laurent , Robles Santiago Gil , Sarubbo Silvio , Rydenhag Bertil , Martino Juan , Meyer Bernhard , Fontaine Denys , Reyns Nicolas , Schichor Christian , Metellus Philippe , Colle David , Robert Erik , Noens Bonny , Muller Peter , Rossi Marco , Nibali Marco Conti , Papagno Costanza , Galbarritu Lara , de Gopegui Edurne Ruiz , Chioffi Franco , Bucheli Carlos , Krieg Sandro M , Wostrack Maria , Yusupov Natan , Visser Victoria , Baaijen Johannes C , Roux Alexandre , Dezamis Edouard , Mandonnet Emmanuel , Corns Robert , Duffau Hugues , Pallud Johan 
Published: February 2019

Abstract

BACKGROUND
The postoperative outcomes and the predictors of seizure control are poorly studied for supratentorial cavernous angiomas (CA) within or close to the eloquent brain area.

OBJECTIVE
To assess the predictors of preoperative seizure control, postoperative seizure control, and postoperative ability to work, and the safety of the surgery.

METHODS
Multicenter international retrospective cohort analysis of adult patients benefitting from a functional-based surgical resection with intraoperative functional brain mapping for a supratentorial CA within or close to eloquent brain areas.

RESULTS
A total of 109 patients (66.1% women; mean age 38.4 ± 12.5 yr), were studied. Age >38 yr (odds ratio [OR], 7.33; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.53-35.19; P = .013) and time to surgery > 12 mo (OR, 18.21; 95% CI, 1.11-296.55; P = .042) are independent predictors of uncontrolled seizures at the time of surgery. Focal deficit (OR, 10.25; 95% CI, 3.16-33.28; P < .001) is an independent predictor of inability to work at the time of surgery. History of epileptic seizures at the time of surgery (OR, 7.61; 95% CI, 1.67-85.42; P = .003) and partial resection of the CA and/or of the hemosiderin rim (OR, 12.02; 95% CI, 3.01-48.13; P < .001) are independent predictors of uncontrolled seizures postoperatively. Inability to work at the time of surgery (OR, 19.54; 95% CI, 1.90-425.48; P = .050), Karnofsky Performance Status ≤ 70 (OR, 51.20; 95% CI, 1.20-2175.37; P = .039), uncontrolled seizures postoperatively (OR, 105.33; 95% CI, 4.32-2566.27; P = .004), and worsening of cognitive functions postoperatively (OR, 13.71; 95% CI, 1.06-176.66; P = .045) are independent predictors of inability to work postoperatively.

CONCLUSION
The functional-based resection using intraoperative functional brain mapping allows safe resection of CA and the peripheral hemosiderin rim located within or close to eloquent brain areas.
Clinicopathological and Prognostic Characteristics in Extra-Axial Chordomas: An Integrative Analysis of 86 Cases and Comparison With Axial Chordomas
Authors: Lv Guo-Hua , Zou Ming-Xiang , Liu Fu-Sheng , Zhang Yi , Huang Wei , Ye An , Zhang Qian-Shi , Wang Xiao-Bin , Li Jing , Jiang Yi , She Xiao-Ling 
Published: February 2019

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Currently, clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of extra-axial chordoma (EAC) remain poorly understood.

OBJECTIVE
To characterize clinicopathological characteristics in a large EAC cohort and investigate their correlation with survival. We also attempted to compare these outcomes with axial chordoma (AC).

METHODS
Medline and Embase searches (from inception to February 28, 2018) were conducted to identify eligible studies as per predefined criteria. The local database at our center was also retrospectively reviewed to include additional patients.

RESULTS
Forty-three studies from the literature and 86 patients from our local institute were identified, resulting in a total of 86 EAC patients and 75 AC patients for analysis. Overall, EAC had similar characteristics to AC, except for having higher CAM5.2 expression, common lobular growth pattern, and better prognosis. Whereas wide surgical resection was consistently associated with favorable survival in both EAC and AC cohorts on univariate analyses, most parameters showed differential prognostic implications between the 2 groups. Significant prognostic factors for local recurrence-free survival on multivariate analysis included type of surgery in both cohorts and tumor Brachyury expression and adjuvant radiotherapy in AC cohort. Multivariate analysis of overall survival demonstrated that type of surgery, tumor Brachyury expression, and duration of symptoms were significant predictors in the AC cohort, whereas none of the analyzed parameters were predictive of overall survival for the EAC group.

CONCLUSION
These data suggest potentially distinct biological behaviors between EAC and AC and may provide useful information to better understand the prognostic characteristics and improve the outcome prediction of EAC patients.
Association Between Tumor Compartment Volumes, the Incidence of Pretreatment Seizures, and Statin-Mediated Protective Effects in Glioblastoma
Authors: Henker Christian , Kriesen Thomas , Scherer Moritz , Glass Änne , von Deimling Andreas , Bendszus Martin , Weber Marc-André , Herold-Mende Christel , Unterberg Andreas , Piek Jürgen 
Published: February 2019

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Seizures are a common initial symptom of malignant brain tumors such as glioblastoma (GBM). However, why some of these tumors are epileptogenic and others never trigger seizures remains controversial.

OBJECTIVE
To identify potential clinical and radiological features of epileptogenic tumors and the effect of initial seizures on survival.

METHODS
The analyzed patient cohort was retrospectively compiled (bicentric), only isocitrate dehydrogenase wild-type GBMs were included. Volumetric assessment was performed on pretreatment magnetic resonance imaging with the aid of a semi-automated 3D measurement (tumor, necrosis, and edema volume). Two ratios were calculated, reflecting the proportion of peritumoral edema and necrosis (NTR) toward the tumor volume. For overall survival analyses, only patients after a surgical resection (residual tumor volume <2 cm3) followed by standard radiation and chemotherapy were included.

RESULTS
Pretreatment seizures occurred in 33% of cases (n = 224), younger patients (≤60 yr) were predominantly affected (P = .022). All measured volumes were inversely correlated with the onset of seizures (P = .001). In multivariate analyses, the total tumor volume and the NTR were considerably smaller within epileptogenic GBMs (P = .050, P = .019, respectively). A positive statin intake was associated with significantly lesser seizure (P = .007, odds ratio 4.94). Neither the occurrence of seizures nor the intake of statins had an impact on OS (P = .357, P = .507, respectively).

CONCLUSION
The size and amount of necrosis was significantly smaller in epileptogenic GBMs, maybe owed to the fact that these tumors were clinically detected at an earlier stage of their growth. Furthermore, the intake of statins was associated with a decreased occurrence of pretreatment seizures.