bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nurturing the Spirit to Teach: Commitment, Community and Emergent Curriculum
Authors: Nimmo John 
Published: June 2019

This paper is a revised version of a keynote presentation at ‘Changing faces: A conference to support, minds, bodies and souls,’ June 21, 1999, Creche and Kindergarten Association, International Early Childhood Conference, Brisbane, Australia. Given the demands on early childhood educators and the lack of external recognition, the author proposes four ways through which a teacher's ‘spirit’ to teach can be rejuvenated. First, a process of supporting teachers to reflect on why they decided to work with children is described. Second, this article examines how a teacher's sense of joy about teaching is impacted by their invention of an emergent curriculum that meaningfully reflects the classroom community. Third, through exploration of a curriculum on homelessness in a preschool program, the author proposes that a commitment to teaching is sustained through taking thoughtful risks that push the boundaries of one's social and cultural experience. Fourth, the building of community amongst educators, families, and the local neighborhood, as exemplified by a micro-economy project in a primary school, is described as critical in sustaining a commitment to education.
Fostering and Preserving Wonderment
Authors: Latham Gloria 
Published: June 2019

What distinguishes humans from other animals is their ability to think, to reason and to wonder. Infants try to make sense of life's complexities from the moment they are born. Educators play a vital role in keeping young children's wondering alive. If children are merely supplied explanations they will soon learn to defer to adults or to become satisfied with simplistic reasons for highly complex issues. They will carry these answers into adulthood.Thus the role of the educator is one of moving young children towards solving their own problems through active exploration, discovery and reflection.
Empowering Young Children's Thinking: The Role of the Early Childhood Educator
Authors: Hine Alison , Newman Linda 
Published: June 2019

The purpose of this preliminary investigative paper is to describe how the implications of recent research into young children's thinking has influenced teacher educators at the University of Western Sydney, Nepean (UWS, Nepean) to provide experiential learning and guidance to preservice early childhood educators on how to establish environments that stimulate curiosity and promote thinking. By teaching preservice early childhood educators to analyse, think rationally and creatively, problem-solve and reason, we can foster a better educated tertiary student whose thinking skills will be more effective, and who can initiate such activities in their future educational environments. At the UWS, Nepean students’ metacognitive awareness and perceptions of their own thinking were explored through collaborative, practical activity accompanied by interactive dialogue, thereby establishing ‘communities of inquiry’ in three early childhood subjects. Formative and summative interviews with students, as well as written student reflections indicated that these practices greatly nurtured their creative intellect, further developed their ability to think critically and heightened perception of their own metacognitive capabilities. Students reported that their experiences had encouraged them to use similar thinking skills activities in their own teaching.
Collaborative Interactions in Young Children
Authors: Gillies Robyn M. 
Published: June 2019

This paper reports on a study which was conducted in eight classes across two year levels (Years 2 and 4) in four schools in suburban Brisbane. The study was designed to determine if there were differences between the collaborative interactions of the children who were trained to work together (Trained group) and those who were told to work together but were not trained (Untrained group). The study found that the children in the Trained groups were consistently more collaborative and helpful to each other as they tried to involve each other in the learning task. They provided more assistance to each other, even when this help was not explicitly requested. Moreover, the children in the Trained groups used more inclusive language (e.g., frequent use of ‘we’ or ‘us’) than their peers in the Untrained groups and these behaviours were exhibited by the children in the Trained groups across the two year levels. In effect, the study showed that it is possible to train lower and middle primary school children to assist and support each other's learning.
Teacher Ethnotheories & Child Temperament: Impact on Classroom Interactions
Authors: Kean June 
Published: June 2019

The effects of eight teachers’ ethnotheories (beliefs and values) were examined in relation to interactions in the classroom (teachers, target children) with two broad groupings of child temperament (Difficult Temperament N = 16, Easy Temperament N = 16) which were established on the basis of teachers’ ratings of child temperament using The Preschool Inventory (Billman, 1981). Temperament (individual behavioural style) was conceptualised as the manifestation of affective displays and social behaviours in context, with emotions acting as signals for interactions. Interviews were conducted with the teachers to elicit their beliefs and values, their expectations for children, and to establish their tolerance levels for the more difficult child behaviours. Sixty-four hours of classroom observations were conducted. A pattern of different positive and negative interactions emerged between the more difficult temperament group (Difficult Temperament), and those with relatively easy temperaments (Easy Temperament). Difficult Temperament children consistently gave and received from teachers more negative-valence in emotional and social behaviours, than the Easy Temperament children. Easy Temperament children displayed and were responded to with more positive-valence in emotional and social behaviours. Evidence was found for the impact of teacher tolerance levels and expectations on classroom interactions. These findings suggested that early childhood teachers need to give careful consideration to their beliefs and values in developing more effective teaching techniques for children with differing temperaments.
The Perceptions of Principals on their Leadership Role in Pre-primary
Authors: Stamopoulos Elizabeth 
Published: June 2019

The incorporation of pre-primary centres into Western Australian government primary schools has shifted the responsibility for leadership from the kindergarten director to the primary school principal. Concerns have been raised that principals who are responsible for appraisal of pre-primary teachers are providing inadequate educational leadership to these teachers because of their lack of theoretical and practical background in early childhood. They have not been provided with professional development to adequately support them in this role. However, to date, it seems that principals have not been asked for their views about their capacities concerning the pre-primary sector. For these reasons this study investigated the question: How do primary school principals perceive they fulfil their administrative, managerial and educational roles in respect to pre-primary centres? The majority of principals in the district surveyed indicated that they considered administration/management to be their most important role in relation to pre-primary education. A greater number of principals indicated inadequate performance in dealing with educational issues. The majority of principals said the system should require pre-primary training for principals, provide each school with materials that outline developmentally appropriate practices; and provide early childhood professional development courses for principals.
A Gesture of Respect—An Investigation into Learning and Teaching through the Arts within a Chinese Preschool Setting
Authors: Deans Jan , Brown Robert 
Published: June 2019

In a global community cross-cultural research has taken on increased significance as educationalists grapple with diverse values and meanings. In recognising this need, the University of Melbourne's Early Learning Centre has established a collaborative agreement with the Tianjin Preschool Normal School, Tianjin, China. It aims to support cross-cultural research and a future teacher exchange program. As part of the agreement this initial study was undertaken over a one-week period in 1997. It uses diverse data to investigate and describe learning and teaching through the arts in the Tianjin Preschool Normal School Kindergarten. This collaborative experience has demonstrated a willingness by the Chinese to involve themselves in cross-cultural research which contributes to the international discourse on early childhood theory and practice. It has also drawn further attention to the significance of learning and teaching through the arts and adds to the debate on teacher directed and skills based learning.
Tibial Plateau Cartilage Lesions: A Systematic Review of Techniques, Outcomes, and Complications
Authors: Melugin Heath P. , Bernard Christopher D. , Camp Christopher L. , Stuart Michael J. , Saris Daniel B.F. , Nakamura Norimasa , Krych Aaron J. 
Published: June 2019

Objective The purpose of this systematic review is to determine (1) current reported treatment options for isolated tibial plateau (TP) cartilage lesions, (2) patient reported outcomes following various treatments, and (3) complication rate and survivorship following various treatments. Design A literature search of PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and CINAHL was conducted adhering to PRISMA guidelines. Patients were included if they had TP cartilage lesions treated with surgery. Lesion characteristics, surgical procedure details, patient reported outcomes, complication, and failure rates were collected. Results Thirteen studies yielded 205 knees with TP cartilage lesions treated surgically. Ages ranged from 12 to 77 years. Surgical techniques included 138 treated with osteochondral allograft transplantation (OCA), 37 treated with osteochondral autograft transfer system (OATS), 11 treated with microfracture, 11 treated with an osteochondral scaffold, and 8 treated with autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI). The patient-reported outcome measures were heterogeneous, but all reported improvements with the notable exception of one study evaluating microfracture. The rate of complications ranged from 0% to 4.6%. Failure rate ranged from 22% to 46% for OCA and 0% to 16% for OATS. No failures were reported for the additional techniques. Conclusions Various surgical techniques have been utilized for the treatment of TP cartilage lesions. Patient-reported outcome measures were heterogeneous, but improvements were reported following all surgical treatments except for microfracture, which resulted in decreased scores at mid-term follow-up. The complication rate was low for all techniques described. However, the failure rate was higher following unicondylar OCA for salvage treatment of posttraumatic deformities.
The Predictive Value of the Load Sharing Classification Concerning Sagittal Collapse and Posterior Instrumentation Failure: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Stam Wessel T. , Deunk Jaap , Elzinga Matthijs J. , Bloemers Frank W. , Giannakopoulos Georgios F. 
Published: June 2019

Study design: Systematic review. Objective: In 1994, the Load Sharing Classification (LSC) was introduced to aid the choice of surgical treatment of thoracolumbar spine fractures. Since that time this classification system has been commonly used in the field of spine surgery. However, current literature varies regarding its use and predictive value in relation to implant failure and sagittal collapse. The objective of this study is to assess the predictive value of the LSC concerning the need for anterior stabilization to prevent sagittal collapse and posterior instrumentation failure. Methods: An electronic search of PubMed, Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Library was performed. Inclusion criteria were (1) cohort or clinical trial (2) including patients with thoracolumbar burst fractures (3) whose severity of the fractured vertebrae was assessed by the LSC. Results: Five thousand eighty-two articles have been identified, of which 21 articles were included for this review. Twelve studies reported no correlation between the LSC and sagittal collapse or instrumentation failure in patients treated with short-segment posterior instrumentation (SSPI). Seven articles found no significant relation; 5 articles found no instrumentation failure at all. The remaining 9 articles experienced failure in patients with a high LSC or recommended a different surgical technique. Conclusions: Although the LSC was originally developed to predict the need for anterior stabilization in addition to SSPI, many studies show that SSPI only can be sufficient in treating thoracolumbar fractures regardless of the LSC. The LSC might have lost its value in predicting sagittal collapse and posterior instrumentation failure.
Functional outcome and quality of life in patients with hip fracture after total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Koh Don Thong Siang , Chen Jerry Yongqiang , Yew Andy Khye Soon , Chong Hwei Chi , Hao Ying , Pang Hee Nee , Tay Darren Keng Jin , Chia Shi-Lu , Lo Ngai Nung , Yeo Seng Jin 
Published: June 2019

Introduction: Hip fractures are a cause of significant morbidity. While rare, ipsilateral hip fractures within 12 months after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) can negatively affect the functional outcome and the quality of life for patients who have had TKA. This aim of this study is to investigate (1) the incidence of hip fracture within 12 months after TKA and (2) the influence of hip fracture after TKA on functional outcome and quality of life in patients. Methods: Between March 1999 and February 2012, 25 patients who sustained an ipsilateral hip fracture within 12 months after TKA were included in this study. A propensity score matching algorithm was used to select a 1:3 control group without hip fracture. All patients were assessed using the Oxford Knee Score (OKS), Knee Society Function Score (KSFS), Knee Society Knee Score (KSKS), Physical Component Score (PCS) and Mental Component Score (MCS) of SF-36®. Results: The incidence of hip fracture was 0.16% among male patients and 0.20% for female patients. At 24 months after TKA, the OKS was 36 ± 7 in the hip fracture group versus 41 ± 5 in the control group ( p = 0.003). The KSFS was 50 ± 24 in the hip fracture group versus 68 ± 21 in the control group ( p = 0.001), while the KSKS was 83 ± 12 and 87 ± 8, respectively ( p = 0.166). The PCS was 37 ± 12 in the hip fracture group versus 47 ± 11 in the control group ( p < 0.001), while the MCS was 55 ± 10 and 54 ± 11, respectively ( p = 0.664). Conclusion: Although hip fracture during the rehabilitation period after TKA is uncommon, these patients have poorer functional outcome and quality of life. We recommend additional caution against hip fracture after TKA.
Radiological and functional outcomes of ultrasound-guided PRP injections in intrasubstance meniscal degenerations
Authors: Özyalvaç Osman Nuri , Tüzüner Tolga , Gürpinar Tahsin , Obut Abdullah , Acar Barış , Akman Yunus Emre 
Published: June 2019

Aim: This retrospective study is aimed to analyze the effect of ultrasound-guided platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections on grade 2 intrasubstance meniscal degenerations (IMDs). Materials and Methods: Fifteen patients who underwent PRP injections for symptomatic grade 2 meniscal lesions were included in the study. All injections were performed with ultrasound in the degenerated menisci. Patients were evaluated with Lysholm score and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) before the injection and after a mean of 32-month follow-up. T2-weighted MRI images were evaluated on sagittal by two authors as double-blind. Results: Lysholm score was found to be statistically significantly increased, and in 67% of the patients, grade 2 degenerations were improved to grade 1. Conclusion: Intra-meniscal PRP injection under ultrasonography guidance provides good functional scores and radiological improvement in the patients with IMD.
Sexual Dysfunction in Persons With Substance Use Disorders
Authors: Ghadigaonkar Deepak S. , Murthy Pratima 
Published: June 2019

Sexual dysfunction is commonly associated with the use of substances, in both men and women. This area requires prominent attention, particularly as the use of substances is often with the expectancy of improving an underlying sexual dysfunction or with a positive expectancy of enhancing sexual function. The chronic use of substances has a negative impact on sexual function and causes various kinds of sexual dysfunction in both men and women. In this narrative review, we look at the effect of various substances of abuse on sexual functioning and discuss management strategies in such situations.
Presumptive primary intrathoracic mast cell tumours in two dogs
Authors: Cartagena-Albertus Juan Carlos , Moise Antoaneta , Moya-García Sergio , Cámara-Fernández Nora , Montoya-Alonso Jose Alberto 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundMast cell tumours are the most common cutaneous neoplasms in dogs. Other primary sites include visceral organs, such as the gastrointestinal tract, liver, or spleen,and the oral cavity. Frequent metastatic sites include the local lymph nodes, skin, spleen, liver and bone marrow. The thorax is rarely affected by metastatic disease and no such cases have been reported in dogs.Mast cell tumours are usually not considered as a differential diagnosis for lung and intrathoracic chest wall masses in dogs. Chest wall tumours can be primary tumours of the ribs and sternum, an invasion of adjacent tumours into the chest wall, and metastasis from distant tumours.Cases presentationA German Shepherd dog presented with a history of persistent cough and a large mass involving the thoracic wall and a small round pulmonary mass. The dog had a history of mammary tumours that were surgically excised. Thoracoscopy revealed a thoracic wall mass involving the internal intercostal muscle and a small mass in the left cranial lung lobe. Cytology and histopathology of the intrathoracic mass confirmed the large mass as a mast cell tumour and the small mass as a carcinoma. Cytology of the sternal lymph nodes showed no involvement. The dog received toceranib for 3 months, which failed to alleviate persistent cough. Radiology indicated that the large mass had a partial response to toceranib. The dog was euthanasied.A Maltese dog presented with a history of chronic regurgitation and cough,and a large mass involving the left caudal lung lobe. Cytology and histopathology of mass confirmed a mast cell tumour. The dog received toceranib for 2 months. Radiology indicated that the large mass had no response to toceranib. The dog was euthanasied. Confirmation of lungs mast cell tumour and the absence of any other Mast cell tumour was achieved by postmortem examination.ConclusionsThe cases discussed are two unusual presentations of intrathoracic mast cell tumours, in the absence of cutaneous mast cell tumours, in dogs.
Perceptions and observations of shared decision making during pediatric otolaryngology surgical consultations
Authors: Evong Yolanda , Chorney Jill , Ungar Gilanders , Hong Paul 
Published: June 2019

Objective Increased parental involvement in the decision-making process when considering elective surgeries for their children, termed shared decision-making (SDM), may lead to positive outcomes. The objective of this study was to describe perceived and observed levels of SDM during pediatric otolaryngology consultations. Methods One hundred and seventeen parents and their children undergoing elective surgical consultations were prospectively enrolled. The visits were videotaped and coded using the Observing Patient Involvement (OPTION) scale. Following the encounter, all participants completed a questionnaire that measured perceived levels of SDM (SDM-Q-9). Surgeons also completed a similar questionnaire (SDM-Q-Doc). Spearman's correlation coefficient was determined to measure the associations between observed and perceived levels of SDM. Results The overall OPTION scores were low (median score of 14 out of 48) and not significantly correlated with perceived levels of SDM (SDM-Q-9, p = 0.415; SDM-Q-Doc, p = 0.236), surgery type ( p = 0.197), or patient demographic factors. The OPTION scores were positively correlated with consultation length ( p < 0.001). There was great variability in the level to which each OPTION items were observed during the consultation (not present in any visits to present in 96.6% of the visits). Conclusions Observed levels of SDM were consistently low, but higher levels were observed when the surgeon spent more time during the consultation. Observed levels of SDM did not match perceived levels of SDM, which were consistently rated higher by both caregivers and surgeons.
Therapeutic Implication of Genomic Landscape of Adult Metastatic Sarcoma
Authors: Feng Xiaolan , Pleasance Erin , Zhao Eric Y. , Ng Tony , Grewal Jasleen K. , Mohammad Nissreen , Taylor Sara K. , Simmons Christine , Srikanthan Amirrtha , Rassekh S. Rod , Deyell Rebecca , Rauw Jennifer , Knowling Meg , Khoo Kong , Lee Ursula , Noonan Krista , Hart Jason , Tonseth R. Petter , Shen Yaoqing , Titmuss Emma , Jones Martin , Bonakdar Melika , Reisle Caralyn , Taylor Greg A. , Chan Simon , Mungall Karen , Chuah Eric , Zhao Yongjun , Mungall Andrew , Moore Richard , Lim Howard , Renouf Daniel J. , Gelmon Karen , Yip Stephen , Jones Steven J.M. , Marra Marco , Laskin Janessa 
Published: June 2019

PURPOSE This study investigated therapeutic potential of integrated genome and transcriptome profiling of metastatic sarcoma, a rare but extremely heterogeneous group of aggressive mesenchymal malignancies with few systemic therapeutic options. METHODS Forty-three adult patients with advanced or metastatic non-GI stromal tumor sarcomas of various histology subtypes who were enrolled in the Personalized OncoGenomics program at BC Cancer were included in this study. Fresh tumor tissues along with blood samples underwent whole-genome and transcriptome sequencing. RESULTS The most frequent genomic alterations in this cohort are large-scale structural variation and somatic copy number variation. Outlier RNA expression as well as somatic copy number variations, structural variations, and small mutations together suggest the presence of one or more potential therapeutic targets in the majority of patients in our cohort. Point mutations or deletions in known targetable cancer genes are rare; for example, tuberous sclerosis complex 2 provides a rationale for targeting the mammalian target of rapamycin pathway, resulting in a few patients with exceptional clinical benefit from everolimus. In addition, we observed recurrent 17p11-12 amplifications, which seem to be a sarcoma-specific event. This may suggest that this region harbors an oncogene(s) that is significant for sarcoma tumorigenesis. Furthermore, some sarcoma tumors carrying a distinct mutational signature suggestive of homologous recombination deficiency seem to demonstrate sensitivity to double-strand DNA–damaging agents. CONCLUSION Integrated large-scale genomic analysis may provide insights into potential therapeutic targets as well as novel biologic features of metastatic sarcomas that could fuel future experimental and clinical research and help design biomarker-driven basket clinical trials for novel therapeutic strategies.