bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic association and functional characterization of MCPH1 gene variation in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia
Authors: Al Eissa Mariam M. , Sharp Sally I. , O'Brien Niamh L. , Fiorentino Alessia , Bass Nicholas J. , Curtis David , McQuillin Andrew 
Published: March 2019

AbstractA rare microcephalin 1 gene (MCPH1) variant rs61749465A>G (p.Asp61Gly) with prior evidence for association with schizophrenia (p = 3.78 × 10−7) was tested for association in 2,300 bipolar disorder (BPD) participants, 1,930 SCZ participants and 1,820 normal comparison subjects. We report evidence for association of rs61749465A>G with BPD (p = 0.0009). rs61749465 is located in the N‐terminal of the BRCT1 domain of MCPH1. Bioinformatic analysis predicted the Asp61Gly substitution to be damaging to MCPH1 function. A second MCPH1 BRCT1 domain variant (rs199422124C>G; p.Thr27Arg), reported to cause autosomal recessive microcephaly, was not detected in the participants tested here. We sought to characterize the functional effects of these variants on MCPH1 function. Cell count assays indicated that rs199422124 allele G had a greater impact on cell survival compared to the G allele of rs61749465. Gene expression analysis combined with gene network and pathway analysis indicated that rs61749465 allele G may impact protein translation and cell cycle control.The evidence for association between rs61749465A>G and psychosis in both BPD and SCZ warrants further replication. Likewise, the data from the functional analyses point to molecular mechanisms that may underlie the proposed MCPH1 mediated risk of psychosis and pathogenesis in autosomal recessive microcephaly require additional experimental validation.
Lateral Photovoltaic Effect and Photo‐Induced Resistance Effect in Nanoscale Metal‐Semiconductor Systems
Authors: Dong Anhua , Wang Hui 
Published: March 2019

AbstractFunctionalization of photoelectric effect in nanostructures is presenting a promising strategy for humans to achieve precise detection and efficient transformation. Due to the high applied value, numerous materials and constructions are adopted for photoelectric effect to deliver on its potential performance. Among these functional materials, metal‐semiconductor (MS) or metal‐oxide‐semiconductor (MOS) systems own unparalleled advantage including reliable stability, superb physical performance, and simple fabrication process. Herein, two types of photoelectric effect, lateral photovoltaic and photo‐induced resistance effect, in nanostructure MS or MOS systems are reviewed. These effects have great potential in applications and will play a beneficial role in future investigations. In addition, how each component of the system contributes to the photoelectric properties and responds to external fields are detailed, suggesting future study directions in photoelectric fields.
Impact of thiourethane filler surface functionalization on composite properties
Authors: Faria‐e‐Silva André L. , dos Santos Andressa , Girotto Emerson M. , Pfeifer Carmem S. 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTThiourethane oligomers added to methacrylate matrices improve fracture toughness and reduce polymerization stress. In this study, the oligomers are added to the surface of inorganic fillers in the formulation of resin composites. Systematically varied fillers treated either with the thiourethane or a methacrylate silane control are tested. Thiourethane reduces the rate of polymerization of light‐cured composites but does not affect the final degree of conversion. Filler functionalization with thiourethane increases the depth of polymerization, in filler type‐dependent fashion. Thiourethane reduces the polymerization stress for all fillers. The findings suggest that this approach results in the same general effects with the addition of thiourethanes directly to the matrix. This is accomplished with a lower overall concentration of thiourethane, and with no prejudice to the handling characteristics of the material. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47687.
Influence of PP content on mechanical properties, water absorption, and morphology in PA6/PP blend
Authors: Sridhar Aparna , Doddipatla Purnima 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTPA6/polypropylene (PP) blends are investigated for obtaining balanced strength and toughness. The focus of this study is to understand the effect of PP content on mechanical property, water absorption, impact strength, thermal behavior, and morphology of PP in the absence and presence of PP‐g‐maleic anhydride compatibilizer. In comparison to pure PA6, all blends have higher impact strength with 161 and 124% increase at 5 wt % PP content in uncompatibilized and compatibilized blends (UB and CB), respectively. Morphology of impact fractured samples shows brittle fracture in the case of CB. scanning electron microscope of cryogenically fractured samples show decrease in domain size and change in shape from ellipsoid to spherical, from UB to CB. Then, 75% reduction in water absorption is observed for 50 wt % PP content UB. Postwater absorption yield strength (YS) remains constant above 10 wt % PP in both UB and CB and decrease in YS is less at higher PP content in CB. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47690.
Fabrication of hybrid matrix/silane modified carbon fabric composites and study of their mechanical properties
Authors: M. Latif , M.N. Prabhakar , Song Jung‐il 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTCarbon fiber reinforced polymer composites are an extremely strong and light fiber‐reinforced plastics that contains carbon fiber. In the present study, carbon fabrics were treated with various weight percentages of silane and were confirmed by spectral analysis (Fourier transform infrared). The treated carbon fibers were reinforced in hybrid resin (a combination of vinyl ester and epoxy at a ratio of 80:20) by using vacuum‐assisted resin transfer mold technique. The composites were tested to know their tensile strength, modulus, flexural strength, modulus, and interlaminar shear strength. The hybrid matrix specimen was also prepared and tested for the mechanical properties and confirmed the miscibility by differential scanning calorimetry and X‐ray diffraction. The mechanical properties of hybrid matrix composites (HMCs) were studied by fracture surface morphology with scanning electron microscope. The mechanical properties of the HMCs increased with silane treatment. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47695.
Tailoring the structure of Kevlar nanofiber and its effects on the mechanical property and thermal stability of carboxylated acrylonitrile butadiene rubber
Authors: Xue Xiaodong , Jiang Kuan , Yin Qing , Zhang Xumin , Zhang Wanqi , Jia Hongbing , Ji Qingmin 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTWater‐dispersible hydrolyzed Kevlar nanofibers (hANFs) prepared by acid‐assisted hydrothermal treatments of Kevlar nanofibers (ANFs) were first incorporated into carboxylated acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (XNBR) by a latex co‐coagulation method. The obtained hANFs maintained the one‐dimensional nanofibrous morphology and crystal structure as ANFs. There were amounts of polar groups appearing at the end of hANFs molecular chains after hydrothermal process, which led to the strong hydrogen bonding interaction between the filler and XNBR matrix. The results indicated that hANFs had significant reinforcement effects on the mechanical properties, crosslink density, and thermal stability of XNBR matrix. In comparison with those of neat XNBR, the tensile strength, tear strength, crosslink density, and maximum heat decomposition temperature (Tmax) of XNBR/hANFs nanocomposites filled with 7 phr hANFs increased by 236%, 161%, 35%, and 19.64 °C, respectively. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47698.
Bamboo charcoal modified with Cu2+ and 3‐aminopropyl trimethoxy silane for the adsorption of acid fuchsin dye: Optimization by response surface methodology and the adsorption mechanism
Authors: Zhang Bing , Wu Yunhai , Fang Peng 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTThe bamboo charcoal modified with Cu2+ and 3‐aminopropyl trimethoxy silane (BC‐Cu/Si‐NH2) was synthesized and characterized by X‐ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and surface acid–base potentiometric titration. The adsorption for acid fuchsin (AF) dyes onto BC‐Cu/Si‐NH2 was investigated. Moreover, response surface methodology was performed to optimize the process parameters including pH, initial dye concentration, adsorbent dosage, and temperature. The results presented that the adsorption process was mainly influenced by initial AF concentration and adsorbent dosage. Isotherm studies revealed that the adsorption data fitted well with the Sips model and Dubinin–Radushkevich (D–R) model, which indicated the monolayer, homogeneous, and physical nature of the adsorption process. The maximum adsorption capacity calculated from D–R model could approach approximately to 14.91 mg g−1 at 40 °C, and the maximum adsorption capacity of Sips reached to 10.77 mg g−1 at 40 °C. The kinetic experimental data matched well with Spahn and Schlunder model as well as pseudo‐second‐order model. In addition, intraparticle diffusion was not the only rate‐controlling step of adsorption process. Thermodynamic parameters revealed the feasibility, spontaneity, and endothermic nature of adsorption. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47728.
Fabrication of regular arrays of organic crystalline needles using creases formed on oxidized poly(dimethylsiloxane) surfaces
Authors: Watanabe Masashi , Koga Yuki , Ichikawa Hiroko 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTIn this study, creases are regularly self‐assembled on the oxidized surface of poly(dimethylsiloxane) by swelling‐induced buckling instability. These creases are then used as templates for the regular arrangement of crystalline needles. The solution of an organic compound is confined in the aligned creases and dried to generate a crystalline needle in each crease. Thus, the orientation of the crystalline needles and their two‐dimensional position could be controlled. The organic compounds used in this study are anthraquinone and 9,10‐dibromoanthracene, among which the latter is an organic semiconducting material. It is expected that the method proposed in the study can be used to fabricate regular arrays of organic semiconducting crystalline needles or nanowires that can be used as elements of electronic devices such as organic field‐effect transistors and chemical sensors. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47736.
Bio‐based epoxy/polyaniline nanofiber‐carbon dot nanocomposites as advanced anticorrosive materials
Authors: Saikia Aditi , Sarmah Devalina , Kumar Ashok , Karak Niranjan 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTApplication of anticorrosive coating on metal surface enhances the durability of the metal. Anticorrosion can be achieved by the incorporation of conducting nanomaterials like polyaniline or its nanohybrid to a coating material. Thus, bio‐based epoxy nanocomposites were fabricated by the in situ method using polyaniline nanofiber‐carbon dot nanohybrid (0.50 and 1 wt % with respect to epoxy), as the anticorrosive material. The epoxy resin was obtained by polycondensation of bisphenol‐A, sorbitol, and monoglyceride of castor oil (mole ratio of 16:3:1), as hydroxyl compounds with epichlorohydrin (1:3 equivalent, hydroxyl:epichlorohydrin). The morphological analyses of the nanocomposites revealed the uniform dispersion and good compatibility of the nanohybrid in the epoxy matrix. The thermosets demonstrated good tensile strength (30 MPa), elongation at break (45%), scratch resistance (>10 kg) and impact resistance (14.75 kJ/m), good thermal stability (above 250°C), and chemical resistance. The anticorrosion study of the nanocomposites showed excellent corrosion protection efficiency (corrosion rate: 5.68 × 10−3 mils per year) in 3.5 wt % NaCl compared to the pristine epoxy system. Therefore, this bio‐based thermosetting epoxy nanocomposite was demonstrated as efficient anticorrosive material. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47744.
The Role of Hypoxia in Corneal Extracellular Matrix Deposition and Cell Motility
Authors: Onochie Obianamma E. , Onyejose Anwuli J. , Rich Celeste B. , Trinkaus‐Randall Vickery 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTThe cornea is an excellent model tissue to study how cells adapt to periods of hypoxia as it is naturally exposed to diurnal fluxes in oxygen. It is avascular, transparent, and highly innervated. In certain pathologies, such as diabetes, limbal stem cell deficiency, or trauma, the cornea may be exposed to hypoxia for variable lengths of time. Due to its avascularity, the cornea requires atmospheric oxygen, and a reduction in oxygen availability can impair its physiology and function. We hypothesize that hypoxia alters membrane stiffness and the deposition of matrix proteins, leading to changes in cell migration, focal adhesion formation, and wound repair. Two systems—a 3D corneal organ culture model and polyacrylamide substrates of varying stiffness—were used to examine the response of corneal epithelium to normoxic and hypoxic environments. Exposure to hypoxia alters the deposition of the matrix proteins such as laminin and Type IV collagen. In addition, previous studies had shown a change in fibronectin after injury. Studies performed on matrix‐coated acrylamide substrates ranging from 0.2 to 50 kPa revealed stiffness‐dependent changes in cell morphology. The localization, number, and length of paxillin pY118‐ and vinculin pY1065‐containing focal adhesions were different in wounded corneas and in human corneal epithelial cells incubated in hypoxic environments. Overall, these results demonstrate that low‐oxygenated environments modify the composition of the extracellular matrix, basal lamina stiffness, and focal adhesion dynamics, leading to alterations in the function of the cornea. Anat Rec, 2019. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Myositis Autoantigen Expression Correlates With Muscle Regeneration but Not Autoantibody Specificity
Authors: Pinal‐Fernandez Iago , Amici David R. , Parks Cassie A. , Derfoul Assia , Casal‐Dominguez Maria , Pak Katherine , Yeker Richard , Plotz Paul , Milisenda Jose C. , Grau‐Junyent Josep M. , Selva‐O'Callaghan Albert , Paik Julie J. , Albayda Jemima , Corse Andrea M. , Lloyd Thomas E. , Christopher‐Stine Lisa , Mammen Andrew L. 
Published: March 2019

ObjectiveAlthough more than a dozen myositis‐specific autoantibodies (MSAs) have been identified, most patients with myositis are positive for a single MSA. The specific overexpression of a given myositis autoantigen in myositis muscle has been proposed as initiating and/or propagating autoimmunity against that particular autoantigen. The present study was undertaken to test this hypothesis.MethodsIn order to quantify autoantigen RNA expression, RNA sequencing was performed on muscle biopsy samples from control subjects, MSA‐positive patients with myositis, regenerating mouse muscles, and cultured human muscle cells.ResultsMuscle biopsy samples were available from 20 control subjects and 106 patients with autoantibodies recognizing hydroxymethylglutaryl‐coenzyme A reductase (n = 40), signal recognition particles (n = 9), Jo‐1 (n = 18), nuclear matrix protein 2 (n = 12), Mi‐2 (n = 11), transcription intermediary factor 1γ (n = 11), or melanoma differentiation–associated protein 5 (n = 5). The increased expression of a given autoantigen in myositis muscle was not associated with autoantibodies recognizing that autoantigen (all q > 0.05). In biopsy specimens from both myositis muscle and regenerating mouse muscles, autoantigen expression correlated directly with the expression of muscle regeneration markers and correlated inversely with the expression of genes encoding mature muscle proteins. Myositis autoantigens were also expressed at high levels in cultured human muscle cells.ConclusionMost myositis autoantigens are highly expressed during muscle regeneration, which may relate to the propagation of autoimmunity. However, factors other than overexpression of specific autoantigens are likely to govern the development of unique autoantibodies in individual patients with myositis.
Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of Isoindolinones
Authors: Gao Wei , Chen Mu‐wang , Ding Qiuping , Peng Yiyuan 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAs important reactive species, isoindolinones represent a cluster of valuable building blocks for the construction of natural‐product‐like compounds. In particular, chiral isoindolinones are the key structural feature of naturally occurring bioactive molecules. During the past decade, great advances have been made in the asymmetric synthesis of isoindolinone skeleton compounds. Hence, recent progress in catalytic asymmetric synthesis of isoindolinones is reviewed here, with emphasis on chiral organocatalysis and transition metal complexes enabled transformations. Different organocatalysts (chiral phosphoric acids, phase transfer catalysts, chiral thioureas) and chiral transition‐metal complexes (Rh, Pd, Ir, Cu, Mg, and Ni) are included in this transformation.
Responsive Janus Cage Reactor
Authors: Si Yan , Ji Xuyang , Liang Fuxin , Jiang Bingyin , Yang Zhenzhong 
Published: March 2019

AbstractA Janus silica cage was synthesized by selectively grafting an ionic liquid (IL) and poly‐N‐isopropylacrylamide (PNIPAM) (lower critical solution temperature (LCST)≈32 °C) onto the exterior and interior sides of the mesoporous SiO2 shell. The paramagnetic core inside the cavity is responsible for magnetic collection. The PW12O403− anion is further conjugated onto the IL side by anion exchange. The Janus cage acts as a thermal‐responsive reactor for catalytic oxidization of dibenzothiophene (DBT) in the presence of H2O2. The sulfide in the model oil can be completely decomposed at 25 °C, whilst the oxidative products are more dissoluble in water and preferentially captured inside the Janus cage. The Janus cage reactor could be regenerated at high temperature above 32 °C after releasing the products.
Impact of enhanced recovery on oncological outcomes following minimally invasive surgery for rectal cancer
Authors: Quiram B J , Crippa J , Grass F , Lovely J K , Behm K T , Colibaseanu D T , Merchea A , Kelley S R , Harmsen W S , Larson D W 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundOncological outcomes of locally advanced rectal cancer depend on the quality of surgical and oncological management. Enhanced recovery pathways (ERPs) have yet to be assessed for their oncological impact when used in combination with minimally invasive surgery. This study assessed outcomes with or without an ERP in patients with rectal cancer.MethodsThis was a retrospective analysis of all consecutive adult patients who underwent elective minimally invasive surgery for primary rectal adenocarcinoma with curative intent between February 2005 and April 2018. Both laparoscopic and robotic procedures were included. Short-term morbidity and overall survival were compared between patients treated according to the institutional ERP and those who received conventional care.ResultsA total of 600 patients underwent minimally invasive surgery, of whom 320 (53·3 per cent) were treated according to the ERP and 280 (46·7 per cent) received conventional care. ERP was associated with less overall morbidity (34·7 versus 54·3 per cent; P &lt; 0·001). Patients in the ERP group had improved overall survival on univariable (91·4 versus 81·7 per cent at 5 years; hazard ratio (HR) 0·53, 95 per cent c.i. 0·28 to 0·99) but not multivariable (HR 0·78, 0·41 to 1·50) analysis. Multivariable analysis revealed age (HR 1·46, 1·17 to 1·82), male sex (HR 1·98, 1·05 to 3·70) and complications (HR 2·23, 1·30 to 3·83) as independent risk factors for compromised overall survival. Disease-free survival was comparable for patients who had ERP or conventional treatment (80·5 versus 84·6 per cent at 5 years respectively; P = 0·272).ConclusionTreatment within an ERP was associated with a lower morbidity risk that may have had a subtle impact on overall but not disease-specific survival.
A 5‐gene prognostic nomogram predicting survival probability of glioblastoma patients
Authors: Wang Lingchen , Yan Zhengwei , He Xiaona , Zhang Cheng , Yu Huiqiang , Lu Quqin 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundGlioblastoma (GBM) remains the most biologically aggressive subtype of gliomas with an average survival of 10 to 12 months. Considering that the overall survival (OS) of each GBM patient is a key factor in the treatment of individuals, it is meaningful to predict the survival probability for GBM patients newly diagnosed in clinical practice.Material and MethodsUsing the TCGA dataset and two independent GEO datasets, we identified genes that are associated with the OS and differentially expressed between GBM tissues and the adjacent normal tissues. A robust likelihood‐based survival modeling approach was applied to select the best genes for modeling. After the prognostic nomogram was generated, an independent dataset on different platform was used to evaluate its effectiveness.ResultsWe identified 168 differentially expressed genes associated with the OS. Five of these genes were selected to generate a gene prognostic nomogram. The external validation demonstrated that 5‐gene prognostic nomogram has the capability of predicting the OS of GBM patients.ConclusionWe developed a novel and convenient prognostic tool based on five genes that exhibited clinical value in predicting the survival probability for newly diagnosed GBM patients, and all of these five genes could represent potential target genes for the treatment of GBM. The development of this model will provide a good reference for cancer researchers.
Tyrosine kinase inhibitor toxicity manifesting as comorbid Moyamoya syndrome and obstructive coronary artery disease: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Zhuo David X. , Ragosta Michael , Patterson Brandy 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTTyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have assumed an increasingly vital role in treating various hematologic and oncologic malignancies. However, adverse effects with respect to vascular disease have been reported following administration of this class of medications. Here, we present a case report of TKI toxicity, manifesting as comorbid Moyamoya syndrome and obstructive coronary artery disease leading to a type 1 non‐ST‐elevation myocardial infarction. This patient eventually required percutaneous coronary intervention with drug‐eluting stent placement in the right coronary artery. Given the expanding indications of TKI therapy, this case highlights a growing population subset which may require coronary and/or peripheral interventions to treat sequela from otherwise life‐prolonging treatment.