bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Developing and maintaining collaborative practice: Exploring perspectives from dietetics and speech pathology about ‘what works well’
Authors: Croker Anne , Brown Leanne , Little Alexandra , Squires Kelly , Crowley Elesa 
Published: December 2018

AimThe aim was to support rich collaborative practice between two professions who frequently work together across both ordered and organic modes of collaboration.MethodsThis study uses a qualitative research approach of collaborative dialogical inquiry to explore the question ‘From the perspective of dietitians and speech pathologists, “what works well” for developing and maintaining collaborative practice?’ We deliberately chose a context where collaborative practice is evident, University Department of Rural Health (UONDRH). Participants in the research were academics and clinicians from dietetics and speech pathology. Data were sourced from our research reflections and focus group transcriptions. Analysis was dialogical and iterative.ResultsBeyond shared purpose, knowledge of roles and good communication, the notions of curiosity, willingness and momentum were at the core of ‘what works well’ for collaborative practice between dietitians and speech pathologists. Participant perspectives related to collaborative practice between these professions and beyond to other professions, and involved collaborative practice within and across healthcare organisations and a university setting.ConclusionsOur interpreted themes of curiosity, willingness and momentum for developing and maintaining collaborative practice highlight the importance of paying attention to the less visible and difficult to measure aspects of patient‐centred care. Questions for reflection are suggested to inform the ongoing process of developing and maintaining our and others’ collaborative practice.
Diet shift in bank voles induced by competition from grey‐sided voles?
Authors: MAGNUSSON Magnus , SAMELIUS Gustaf , HÖRNFELDT Birger , ECKE Frauke 
Published: December 2018

AbstractGrey‐sided voles (Myodes rufocanus) and bank voles (Myodes glareolus) co‐exist in boreal forests in northern Scandinavia. Previous studies suggest that the 2 species interact interspecifically, the grey‐sided vole being the dominant species. We tested the hypothesis that bank voles shift their diet due to competition with the dominant grey‐sided vole by studying stable isotope ratios in both species. Muscle samples were taken from voles in patches of old forest occupied by only bank voles and patches of old forest occupied by both grey‐sided voles and bank voles. We found that: (i) stable isotope ratios of bank voles differed in areas with and without grey‐sided voles; and that (ii) the stable isotope ratios of bank voles were more similar to those of grey‐sided voles in areas where grey‐sided voles were absent. Our data suggests that grey‐sided voles forced bank voles to change their diet due to interspecific competition.
Breeding versus survival: proximate causes of abrupt population decline under environmental change in a desert rodent, the midday gerbil (Meriones meridianus)
Authors: TCHABOVSKY Andrey , SAVINETSKAYA Ludmila , SURKOVA Elena 
Published: December 2018

AbstractStudying abrupt ecological shifts under gradual environmental change caused, in particular, by human activity is important for understanding the fundamental aspects and underlying mechanisms of ecological resilience. One of the rare well‐documented examples of an abrupt ecological shift is the delayed step transition of the population of a desert rodent, the midday gerbil (Meriones meridianus), from high‐abundance (1994–2002) to low‐abundance (2003–2017) regimes. This was in response to landscape transformation from desert to steppe caused by the drastic reduction of livestock in the rangelands of southern Russia after the collapse of the USSR in the early 1990s. In this study, we tested whether demographic parameters were correlated with the observed abrupt downward population shift. We found that reproductive activity (the percentage of breeding females, the number of litters, fecundity and the number of young recruited per female) showed no trend over time and did not differ between periods of high and low abundance. In contrast, the adult sex ratio (SR = males: females) decreased significantly with time and was as much as twice more female‐biased for the low‐abundance population regime. However, SR was not related to any reproductive parameter, including the percentage of breeding females. We conclude that proximate reasons for an abrupt population decline inM. meridianusare not associated with the changes in breeding patterns or mate limitation caused by the Allee effect but relate to the increased mortality as a result of the desert landscape being fragmented by steppezation. The mortality is expected to be higher for males as the mobile and dispersing sex.
Ovarian metastases from ileal neuroendocrine tumour: Multimodality imaging
Authors: Montoriol Pierre‐François , Boudinaud Claire 
Published: December 2018

SummaryWe present a rare case of large bilateral ovarian tumours, secondarily revealing an ileal neuroendocrine tumour in a 71‐year‐old woman. Magnetic resonance examination showed bilateral ovarian, entirely solid lesions with a fibrous content and marked enhancement. Computed tomography was able to show a mesenteric retractile mass and a satellite suspicious ileal wall thickening. Gallium‐68 DOTATOC confirmed the suspicion of digestive neuroendocrine tumour metastatic to the ovaries and the final diagnosis was made following radical surgery. To the best of our knowledge, the mainly fibrous aspect at imaging, resembling that of the primary tumour, is the first to be described in English literature. Therefore, we think that in the presence of atypical bilateral, solid and mainly fibrous ovarian masses, careful search for a primary lesion along the digestive tract should be conducted.
Lung cancer outcome in the setting of chronic kidney disease: Does the glomerular filtration estimation formula matter?
Authors: Lu Ming‐Shian , Lu Hung‐I , Chen Tzu‐Ping , Chen Miao‐Fen , Lin Chien‐Chao , Tseng Yuan‐Hsi , Tsai Ying‐Huang 
Published: December 2018

BackgroundThe survival outcomes of lung cancer patients with coexisting chronic kidney disease (CKD) reported in the literature have been conflicting. We evaluate whether the survival of lung cancer patients with and without CKD differ significantly using two different formulas.MethodsA retrospective, multicenter, propensity‐matched study of lung cancer patients with and without CKD was conducted. CKD was defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 mL/minute. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis was used to determine survival differences between CKD and non‐CKD patients using the Cockcroft–Gault formula (CKD–CG) compared to the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration Formula (CKD‐EPI).ResultsBaseline clinical characteristics did not differ statistically significantly between the groups. The CKD‐CG formula demonstrated median survival of 10.61 months (95% confidence interval [CI] 9.33–11.89) for the non‐CKD group compared to 10.58 months (95% CI 9.03–12.13) for the CKD group (P = 0.76). The CKD‐EPI formula demonstrated median survival of 9.10 months (95% CI 8.01–10.20) for the non‐CKD group compared to 7.59 months (95% CI 6.50–8.68) for the CKD group (P = 0.19). Cox regression analysis using both models revealed that CKD is not an independent risk factor for mortality in lung cancer patients. Although the CKD‐EPI formula revealed an increased risk of mortality and the CKD‐CG formula revealed decreased survival, these results were not statistically significant.ConclusionLung cancer survival did not differ significantly between CKD and non‐CKD patients using either formula.
Morphological changes of physeal cartilage and secondary ossification centres in the developing femur of the house mouse (Mus musculus): A micro‐CT based study
Authors: Moncayo‐Donoso Miguelangel , Guevara Johana M. , Márquez-Flórez Kalenia , R. Fontanilla Marta , Barrera Luis A. , Garzón‐Alvarado Diego A. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIn mammals, long bones are formed by ossification of a cartilaginous mould during early stages of development, through the formation of structures called the primary ossification centre, the secondary ossification centres (SOCs) and the physeal cartilages (PCs). The PC is responsible for long bone growth. The morphology of the PC and the SOCs varies during different stages of femoral growth. In this respect, several details involving the process of murine femoral development are lacking. In the present study, a morphological characterization of femur development from the embryonic period to adulthood in mice was studied using micro‐computed tomography (micro‐CT). To achieve this aim, femora were collected at embryonic day (E) 14.5, E16.5 and E18.5 and at postnatal day (P)1, P7, P14, P35, P46 and P52. CT images were obtained using a micro‐CT scanner (X‐SkyScan 1172; Micro Photonics) and analysed using the micro‐CT 3D visualization software Mimics (Materialise NV, Leuven, Belgium) and NRecon (Micro Photonics). The results of the present study revealed that the femur and its PCs and SOCs undergo morphological changes during different stages of development, including changes in their shape as well as position and thickness. These changes may be due to the response of the femur to mechanical loads imposed by muscle surrounding the bone during these stages of development. The result of the present study is important to improve our knowledge related to ossification and growth patterns of mouse femur during development.
Solar urticaria – An Australian case series of 83 patients
Authors: Photiou Louise , Foley Peter , Ross Gayle 
Published: December 2018

AbstractSolar urticaria (SU) is a rare form of urticaria with a pathogenesis that is poorly understood. It affects all skin types, can be difficult to diagnose, and is challenging to manage effectively. We conducted a retrospective review of patients with SU in our institution. A total of 83 patients (56 females) were identified as having SU. The mean age was 32 years (7–74) at first development of symptoms/signs of SU. Pruritus was the most common symptom reported (79%). Of the 60 patients who underwent monochromator testing at least once, 35 had SU confirmed with most reacting to visible light and UVA, or to UVA alone. Antihistamines and sun avoidance remain the mainstay treatment for SU but other treatments, including omalizumab, are of potential interest in treating patients with recalcitrant SU. The characterisation of this large case series of patients may help dermatologists recognise and manage this rare disorder appropriately.
The Melanocortin 1 receptor and its influence on naevi and melanoma in dark‐skinned phenotypes
Authors: Smith David John Mackay 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIt is well appreciated that melanocortin 1 receptor variants can produce a fair skinned and red‐haired phenotype that has a strong association with increased melanoma risk. These patients are easily recognised and given appropriate attention. What may not be appreciated is that darker‐skinned individuals may also carry melanocortin 1 receptor variant alleles and that they can also be at increased risk of melanoma. Considering that melanocortin 1 receptor is crucial for melanocyte proliferation, regulation and differentiation do the naevi of these darker‐skinned individuals have specific features that help identify them as carrying one of these melanocortin 1 receptor variants and do melanomas that develop in dark‐skinned melanocortin 1 receptor variant carriers have particular characteristics?
Investor Sentiment, Anomalies, and Macroeconomic Conditions
Authors: Kim Dongcheol , Na Haejung 
Published: December 2018

AbstractWe examine whether the results supporting the sentiment‐related overpricing story by Stambaugh, Yu, and Yuan (J. Financial Economics, v. 104, p. 288–302) are still valid after controlling for macroeconomic conditions. We no longer find the results consistent with the sentiment‐related overpricing story after adjusting for the effect of macroeconomic conditions. The risk factors associated with macroeconomic conditions are mostly priced, and the average return spread in the anomalies is largely accounted for by the expected return spread implied by the risk factors. Their results might be a consequence of the use of an inadequately constructed sentiment index. It is premature to argue that the returns in the anomalies are driven by investor sentiment.
Repeated lipopolysaccharide exposure leads to placental endotoxin tolerance
Authors: Kim Maureen L. , Maloney Caroline , Klimova Natalia , Gurzenda Ellen , Lin Xinhua , Arita Yuko , Walker Treasure , Fazzari Melissa J. , Hanna Nazeeh 
Published: December 2018

ProblemPlacental infection induces increased levels of pro‐inflammatory cytokines, which have been implicated in the pathogenesis of pre‐term labor. Endotoxin tolerance is a phenomenon in which exposure to a dose of endotoxin makes tissue less responsive to subsequent exposures. The objective of our study was to determine whether repeated exposure to endotoxin will induce a tolerant phenotype in normal human second‐trimester placental tissue.Methods of studyHuman second‐trimester placental explants from elective termination of pregnancy were cultured and exposed to endotoxin (LPS). After 24 hours, the media was collected for analysis, and the explants were re‐exposed to LPS after adding fresh media for another 24 hours. This process was repeated for a total of 4 LPS doses. The media was collected from each day and analyzed for cytokine levels.ResultsThe first LPS treatment stimulated the secretion of the pro‐inflammatory cytokines IL‐1β and TNF‐α. However, their production was significantly diminished with repeated LPS doses. Production of the anti‐inflammatory cytokines, IL‐1ra and IL‐10, was also stimulated by the first LPS treatment, but secretion was more gradually and moderately decreased with repeated LPS doses compared to the pro‐inflammatory cytokines. The ratios of the anti‐inflammatory/pro‐inflammatory mediators (IL‐1ra/IL‐1β and IL‐10/TNF‐α) indicate a progressively more anti‐inflammatory milieu with repeated LPS doses.ConclusionRepeated LPS exposure of human second‐trimester placental tissues induced endotoxin tolerance. We speculate that endotoxin tolerance at the maternal‐fetal interface will protect the fetus from exaggerated inflammatory responses after repeated infectious exposure.
People, systems and safety: resilience and excellence in healthcare practice
Authors: Smith A. F. , Plunkett E. 
Published: December 2018

SummaryThis article outlines recent developments in safety science. It describes the progression of three ‘ages’ of safety, namely the ‘age of technology’, the ‘age of human factors’ and the ‘age of safety management’. Safety science outside healthcare is moving from an approach focused on the analysis and management of error (‘Safety‐1’) to one which also aims to understand the inherent properties of safety systems that usually prevent accidents from occurring (‘Safety‐2’). A key factor in the understanding of safety within organisations relates to the distinction between ‘work as imagined’ and ‘work as done’. ‘Work as imagined’ assumes that if the correct standard procedures are followed, safety will follow as a matter of course. However, staff at the ‘sharp end’ of organisations know that to create safety in their work, variability is not only desirable but essential. This positive adaptability within systems that allows good outcomes in the presence of both favourable and adverse conditions is termed resilience. We argue that clinical and organisational work can be made safer, not only by addressing negative outcomes, but also by fostering excellence and promoting resilience. We outline conceptual and investigative approaches for achieving this that include ‘appreciative inquiry’, ‘positive deviance’ and excellence reporting.
The subthreshold micropulse laser treatment of the retina restores the oxidant/antioxidant balance and counteracts programmed forms of cell death in the mice eyes
Authors: De Cillà Stefano , Vezzola Diego , Farruggio Serena , Vujosevic Stela , Clemente Nausicaa , Raina Giulia , Mary David , Casini Giamberto , Rossetti Luca , Avagliano Laura , Martinelli Carla , Bulfamante Gaetano , Grossini Elena 
Published: December 2018

AbstractPurposeSubthreshold micropulse laser (SMPL) has been increasingly used for the treatment of different retinal and choroidal macular disorders. However, the exact mechanisms of action have not yet been clearly defined. Therefore, we aimed to examine the role of SMPL treatment in the modulation of oxidant/antioxidant systems, apoptosis and autophagy in the mice eyes.MethodsA specific laser contact lens for retina was positioned on the cornea of 40 mice (20 young and 20 old) in order to focus the laser on the eye fundus for SMPL treatment. Within 6 months, 20 animals received one treatment only, whereas the others were treated three times. Eye specimens underwent histological analysis and were used for thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and glutathione (GSH) quantification, as well as for the superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) and the selenoprotein thioredoxin reductase 1 (TrxR1) expression evaluation. Western blot was performed for nitric oxide synthase (NOS) subtypes detection and to examine changes in apoptotic/autophagy proteins expression.ResultsSMPL treatment reduced TBARS and increased GSH and SOD1 in the mice eyes. It also reduced cytochrome c, caspase 3 expression and activity and cleaved caspase 9, and increased Beclin 1, p62 and LC3β. The effects were more relevant in the elderly animals.ConclusionOur results showed that SMPL therapy restored the oxidant/antioxidant balance within retinal layers and modulated programmed forms of cell death. Further studies may confirm these data and could evaluate their relevance in clinical practice.
Adipocytes suppress differentiation of muscle cells in a co‐culture system
Authors: Seo Kangmin , Suzuki Takahiro , Kobayashi Ken , Nishimura Takanori 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe development of adipose tissue in skeletal muscle is important for improving meat quality. However, it is still unclear how adipocytes grow in the proximity of muscle fibers. We hypothesized that adipocytes would suppress muscle cell growth so as to grow dominantly within muscle. In this study, we investigated the effect of adipocytes on the differentiation of muscle cells in a co‐culture system. The fusion index of C2C12 myoblasts co‐cultured with 3T3‐L1 adipocytes was significantly lower than that of the control. The expression of myogenin and myosin heavy chain in C2C12 muscle cells co‐cultured with 3T3‐L1 adipocytes was significantly lower than in the control. Furthermore, the expression of Atrogin‐1 and MuRF‐1 was higher in C2C12 muscle cells co‐cultured with 3T3‐L1 adipocytes than the control. These results suggest that 3T3‐L1 adipocytes suppress the differentiation of C2C12 myoblasts. In addition, 3T3‐L1 adipocytes induced the expression and secretion of IL‐6 in C2C12 muscle cells. The fusion index and myotube diameter were higher in C2C12 muscle cells co‐cultured with 3T3‐L1 cells in medium containing IL‐6‐neutralizing antibody than the control. Taken together, there is a possibility that adipocyte‐induced IL‐6 expression in muscle cells could be involved in the inhibition of muscle cell differentiation via autocrine.
Interculturality as a source of organisational positivity in expatriate work teams: An exploratory study
Authors: Bachkirov Alexandre Anatolievich 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThis study explored the issues related to interculturality and organisational positivity in culturally diverse teams (CDTs). The findings showed that interculturality in the expatriate settings of the Arabian Gulf is linked to organisational positivity, the manifestations of which include enjoyment, relationship building through concerted efforts to learn about others, and family‐like work environments. Interculturality‐driven organisational positivity is posited to encourage humanistic management, the attributes of which are sensitivity to human suffering, open‐mindedness, fairness, and respect. Organisational positivity is also theorised to improve CDT performance and stimulate professional and personal learning. Theoretical and practical implications of the findings are discussed.
Performance Pay and Applicant Screening
Authors: Jirjahn Uwe , Mohrenweiser Jens 
Published: December 2018

AbstractUsing German establishment data, we show that the relationship between intensity of individual‐based performance pay and intensity of applicant screening depends on the nature of production. In establishments with increased multitasking, performance pay is positively associated with applicant screening. By contrast, in establishments without increased multitasking, performance pay is negatively associated with applicant screening. We do not find a similar pattern of results for group‐based performance pay or profit‐sharing. Our findings fit the hypothesis that individual‐based performance pay induces a positive self‐sorting of employees if jobs are less multifaceted. In this case, employers with a high intensity of performance pay do not need intensive applicant screening to ensure a high quality of matches between workers and jobs. However, if jobs are more multifaceted, individual‐based performance pay can entail problems of adverse self‐sorting. In order to mitigate or overcome these problems, employers making intensive use of performance pay also screen applicants more intensively.
Histamine H3 receptor ligands by hybrid virtual screening, docking, molecular dynamics simulations, and investigation of their biological effects
Authors: Ghamari Nakisa , Zarei Omid , Reiner David , Dastmalchi Siavoush , Stark Holger , Hamzeh‐Mivehroud Maryam 
Published: December 2018

AbstractHistamine H3 receptors (H3R), belonging to G‐protein coupled receptors (GPCR) class A superfamily, are responsible for modulating the release of histamine as well as of other neurotransmitters by a negative feedback mechanism mainly in the central nervous system (CNS). These receptors have gained increased attention as therapeutic target for several CNS related neurological diseases. In the current study, we aimed to identify novel H3R ligands using in silico virtual screening methods. To this end, a combination of ligand‐ and structure‐based approaches was utilized for screening of ZINC database on the homology model of human H3R. Structural similarity‐ and pharmacophore‐based approaches were employed to generate compound libraries. Various molecular modeling methodologies such as molecular docking and dynamics simulation along with different drug likeness filtering criteria were applied to select anti‐H3R ligands as promising candidate molecules based on different known parent lead compounds. In vitro binding assays of the selected molecules demonstrated three of them being active within the micromolar and submicromolar Ki range. The current integrated computational and experimental methods used in this work can provide new general insights for systematic hit identification for novel anti‐H3R agents from large compound libraries.