bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nitric Oxide–Releasing Macromolecular Scaffolds for Antibacterial Applications
Authors: Yang Lei , Feura Evan S. , Ahonen Mona Jasmine R. , Schoenfisch Mark H. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractExogenous nitric oxide (NO) represents an attractive antibacterial agent because of its ability to both disperse and directly kill bacterial biofilms while avoiding resistance. Due to the challenges associated with administering gaseous NO, NO‐releasing macromolecular scaffolds are developed to facilitate NO delivery. This progress report describes the rational design and application of NO‐releasing macromolecular scaffolds as antibacterial therapeutics. Special consideration is given to the role of the physicochemical properties of the NO storage vehicles on antibacterial or anti‐biofilm activity.
Novel Materials for 3D Printing by Photopolymerization
Authors: Layani Michael , Wang Xiaofeng , Magdassi Shlomo 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe field of 3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing (AM), is developing rapidly in both academic and industrial research environments. New materials and printing technologies, which enable rapid and multimaterial printing, have given rise to new applications and utilizations. However, the main bottleneck for achieving many more applications is the lack of materials with new physical properties. Here, some of the recent reports on novel materials in this field, such as ceramics, glass, shape‐memory polymers, and electronics, are reviewed. Although new materials have been reported for all three main printing approaches—fused deposition modeling, binder jetting or laser sintering/melting, and photopolymerization‐based approaches, apparently, most of the novel physicochemical properties are associated with materials printed by photopolymerization approaches. Furthermore, the high resolution that can be achieved using this type of 3D printing, together with the new properties, has resulted in new implementations such as microfluidic, biomedical devices, and soft robotics. Therefore, the focus here is on photopolymerization‐based additive manufacturing including the recent development of new methods, novel monomers, and photoinitiators, which result in previously inaccessible applications such as complex ceramic structures, embedded electronics, and responsive 3D objects.
Fluorescent N‐Heteroarenes Having Large Stokes Shift and Water Solubility Suitable for Bioimaging
Authors: Yagishita Fumitoshi , Nii Chiho , Tezuka Yoshihiko , Tabata Atsushi , Nagamune Hideaki , Uemura Naohiro , Yoshida Yasushi , Mino Takashi , Sakamoto Masami , Kawamura Yasuhiko 
Published: May 2018

AbstractA series of fluorescent dimeric imidazo[1,5‐a]pyridinium salts have been synthesized. These salts displayed large Stokes shifts (up to 196 nm), possessed good water solubility, and exhibited blue to yellow emission (Φem=up to 0.50) in solution. When one specific compound was used for co‐incubation of HeLa cells, green fluorescent signals were observed. The combined use of the salt and commercially available blue fluorescent dye realized the double staining of HeLa cells under the single UV excitation.
Synchronous Chemoradiation Nanovesicles by X‐Ray Triggered Cascade of Drug Release
Authors: Zhou Zijian , Chan Alexander , Wang Zhantong , Huang Xiaolin , Yu Guocan , Jacobson Orit , Wang Sheng , Liu Yijing , Shan Lingling , Dai Yunlu , Shen Zheyu , Lin Lisen , Chen Wei , Chen Xiaoyuan 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe approach of concurrent‐to‐synchronous chemoradiation has now been advanced by well‐designed nanovesicles that permit X‐ray irradiation‐triggered instant drug release. The nanovesicles consist of Au nanoparticles tethered with irradiation labile linoleic acid hydroperoxide (LAHP) molecules and oxidation‐responsive poly(propylene sulfide)‐poly(ethylene glycol) (PPS‐PEG) polymers, where DOX were loaded in the inner core of the vesicles (Au‐LAHP‐vDOX). Upon irradiation, the in situ formation of hydroxyl radicals from LAHP molecules triggers the internal oxidation of PPS from being hydrophobic to hydrophilic, leading to degradation of the vesicles and burst release of cargo drugs. In this manner, synchronous chemoradiation showed impressive anticancer efficacy both in vitro and in a subcutaneous mouse tumor model by one‐dose injection and one‐time irradiation.
Metabolic Inhibitors of O‐GlcNAc Transferase That Act In Vivo Implicate Decreased O‐GlcNAc Levels in Leptin‐Mediated Nutrient Sensing
Authors: Liu Tai‐Wei , Zandberg Wesley F. , Gloster Tracey M. , Deng Lehua , Murray Kelsey D. , Shan Xiaoyang , Vocadlo David J. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractO‐Linked glycosylation of serine and threonine residues of nucleocytoplasmic proteins with N‐acetylglucosamine (O‐GlcNAc) residues is catalyzed by O‐GlcNAc transferase (OGT). O‐GlcNAc is conserved within mammals and is implicated in a wide range of physiological processes. Herein, we describe metabolic precursor inhibitors of OGT suitable for use both in cells and in vivo in mice. These 5‐thiosugar analogues of N‐acetylglucosamine are assimilated through a convergent metabolic pathway, most likely involving N‐acetylglucosamine‐6‐phosphate de‐N‐acetylase (NAGA), to generate a common OGT inhibitor within cells. We show that of these inhibitors, 2‐deoxy‐2‐N‐hexanamide‐5‐thio‐d‐glucopyranoside (5SGlcNHex) acts in vivo to induce dose‐ and time‐dependent decreases in O‐GlcNAc levels in various tissues. Decreased O‐GlcNAc correlates, both in vitro within adipocytes and in vivo within mice, with lower levels of the transcription factor Sp1 and the satiety‐inducing hormone leptin, thus revealing a link between decreased O‐GlcNAc levels and nutrient sensing in peripheral tissues of mammals.
Phase‐Stable CsPbI3 Nanocrystals: The Reaction Temperature Matters
Authors: Dutta Anirban , Dutta Sumit K. , Das Adhikari Samrat , Pradhan Narayan 
Published: May 2018

AbstractHigh temperature colloidal synthesis for obtaining thermal, colloidal and phase‐stable CsPbI3 nanocrystals with near‐unity quantum yield is reported. While standard perovskite synthesis reactions were carried out at 160 °C (below 200 °C), increase of another ≈100 °C enabled the alkylammonium ions to passivate the surface firmly and prevented the nanocrystals from phase transformation. This did not require any inert atmosphere storage, use of heteroatoms, specially designed ligands, or the ice cooling protocol. Either at high temperature in reaction flask or in the crude mixture or purified dispersed solution; these nanocrystals were observed stable and retained the original emission. Different spectroscopic analyses were carried out and details of the surface binding of alkyl ammonium ligands in place of surface Cs in the crystal lattice were investigated. As CsPbI3 is one of the most demanding optical materials, bringing stability by proper surface functionalization without use of secondary additives would indeed help in wide spreading of their applications.
Atomically Precise Multimetallic Semiconductive Nanoclusters with Optical Limiting Effects
Authors: Chen Shuai , Fang Wei‐Hui , Zhang Lei , Zhang Jian 
Published: May 2018

AbstractFor the first time, multinuclear noble‐metal clusters have been successfully stabilized by Ti‐oxo clusters. Two unprecedented Ag6@Ti16‐oxo nanoclusters with precise atomic structures were prepared and characterized. The octahedral Ag6 core has strong Ag−Ag bonds (ca. 2.7 Å), and is further stabilized by direct Ag−O−Ti coordination interactions. Moreover, as a result of different acidic/redox conditions in synthesis, the Ag6 core can adopt diverse geometric configurations inside the Ti16‐O shell. Correspondingly, structural differences greatly influence their optical limiting effects. The transmittance reduction activity of the clusters towards 532 nm laser shows a nearly linear concentration dependence, and can be optimized up to about 43 %. This work not only opens a new direction for multimetallic semiconductive nanoclusters with interesting optical properties, but also provides molecular models for important noble‐metal/TiO2 heterogeneous materials.
[Ph3C][B(C6F5)4]: A Highly Efficient Metal‐Free Single‐Component Initiator for the Helical‐Sense‐Selective Cationic Copolymerization of Chiral Aryl Isocyanides and Achiral Aryl Isocyanides
Authors: Yan Xinwen , Zhang Shaowen , Zhang Pengfei , Wu Xiaolu , Liu An , Guo Ge , Dong Yuping , Li Xiaofang 
Published: May 2018

AbstractCommercially available [Ph3C][B(C6F5)4] served as a highly efficient metal‐free and single‐component initiator not only for the carbocationic polymerization of polar and bulky aryl isocyanides with extremely high activity up to 1.2×107 g of polymer/(molcat. h), but also for the helical‐sense‐selective polymerization of chiral aryl isocyanides and copolymerization with achiral aryl isocyanides to afford high‐molecular‐weight functional poly(aryl isocyanide)s with good solubility as well as AIE characteristics and/or a single‐handed helical conformation.
Pinenes: Abundant and Renewable Building Blocks for a Variety of Sustainable Polymers
Authors: Winnacker Malte 
Published: May 2018

AbstractPinenes, a group of monoterpenes containing a double bond, are very suitable renewable building blocks for a variety of sustainable polymers and materials. Their abundance from mainly non‐edible parts of plants as well as the feasibility to isolate them render these molecules unique amongst the variety of biomass that is utilizable for novel materials. Accordingly, their use for the synthesis of biobased polymers has been investigated intensively, and strong progress has been made with this especially within the past 2–3 years. Direct cationic or radical polymerization via the double bonds as well as polymerization upon their further functionalization can afford a variety of sustainable polymers suitable for many applications, which is summarized in this Minireview.
Microwave absorption properties of double‐layer nanocomposites based on polypyrrole/natural rubber
Authors: Rezazadeh Nader , Kianvash Abbas , Palmeh Parya 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACTThin flexible double‐layer microwave absorbers have been fabricated based on polypyrrole (PP)/natural rubber (NR) nanocomposites and their reflection loss characteristics were studied in the range of 8–18 GHz. The PP‐NR matrix was prepared from PP and NR in the ratio of 15:85. The polymers used in this work not only serve as the matrix but also improve the microwave absorption properties. The first layer or impedance matching layer which is comprised of graphite, Fe3O4, and TiO2 nanoparticles in PP‐NR transmits the electromagnetic (EM) wave without reflection. The second layer which is made up of PP‐NR filled with Fe3O4 disperses the EM wave energy. The design of a double‐layer nanocomposite is a method to match the wave impedance, enhance wave absorption ability, and broaden the absorption frequencies. In order to achieve high absorption properties, the EM parameters such as permittivity, permeability, and thickness were controlled precisely according to quarter‐wave plate. The morphology, absorption properties, scattering parameters, thermal and wetting characteristics of double‐layer nanocomposites were investigated. The minimum reflection loss (RL) was −32 dB at 12.1 GHz and the absorbing bandwidth in which the RL < −10 dB was 9 GHz for optimum specimen with 2 mm thickness. For this specimen, the contact angle was equal to 118.7° with water as the liquid. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46565.
Biowastes from wine as natural additive of polyolefins: Thermo‐ and photo‐oxidation efficiency
Authors: Diouf‐Lewis Audrey , Commereuc Sophie , Verney Vincent 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACTBiowastes generated from agricultural industries constitute a new source for added value products that can be used in the polymer industry. Grape marc, a residue of the winery industry, is well‐known to be a rich source of polyphenols. The present work reports the use of polyphenol cocktail extracted from black Pinot grape marc as natural antioxidant in polyolefins. The purpose is to advance in the field of green stabilizer, by using an innovating approach based on the direct use of an efficient cocktail rather than a single original molecule to stabilize polymer. The antioxidant efficiency of polyphenol cocktail is measured against photo‐ and thermo‐oxidation conditions in the well‐known polypropylene polyolefin. Attention is paid to molecular structure evolution by rheology, and the efficiency to delay oxidation by‐product formation is monitored with infrared. The results confirm that cocktail approach is a promising route to develop green stabilizers. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46607.
Smart films based on bacterial cellulose nanofibers modified by conductive polypyrrole and zinc oxide nanoparticles
Authors: Pirsa Sajad , Shamusi Tohid , Kia Ehsan Moghaddas 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACTIn this study, we synthesized novel films based on bacterial cellulose (BC), BC modified by polypyrrole (PPy), and a PPy–zinc oxide nanocomposite (BC–PPy–ZnO). The soft polymerization method at room temperature was used to obtain the BC–PPy and BC–PPy–ZnO films. The Combined D‐Optimal design was used to study the effects of the pyrrole monomer concentration, ZnO concentration, and polymerization time on the morphological, physical, color, and electrical conductivity properties of the films. Fourier transform infrared results reflected that some new interactions occurred between BC and PPy and PPy–ZnO. The X‐ray diffraction analysis showed that the crystalline behavior of the BC fiber was hindered because of the complete coating with the amorphous PPy particles. Scanning electron microscopy results show that the ZnO, PPy, and PPy–ZnO nanoparticles were placed between the BC fibers. PPy decreased the water vapor permittivity and total soluble matter percentage. Electrical conductivity studies of the synthesized BC–PPy–ZnO film showed that the film's electrical resistance was changed in different oxidation–reduction or volatile compounds media, so the results suggest that the BC–PPy–ZnO films could be used in antioxidative food active packaging and smart packaging. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46617.
Zein nanoparticle‐embedded electrospun PVA nanofibers as wound dressing for topical delivery of anti‐inflammatory diclofenac
Authors: Ghalei Sama , Asadi Hamid , Ghalei Behnam 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACTBioactive wound dressings from poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and zein nanoparticles (NPs) loaded with diclofenac (DLF) were prepared successfully by the single jet electrospinning method. DLF‐loaded zein NPs with an average diameter of ∼228 nm were prepared using anti‐solvent precipitation method. The formulation of zein:DLF 1:1 exhibited optimum encapsulation efficiency of 47.80%. The NPs were characterized by dynamic light scattering, zeta‐potential measurement, and differential scanning calorimetry.In vitro,drug release profiles of the DLF‐loaded zein NPs, and PVA–zein NPs were also studied within 120 h and showed the release efficiency of nearly 80% from zein NPs. A more controlled release of DLF was achieved by embedding the zein NPs in the PVA nanofibers. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to analyze possible interactions between different components of the fabricated dressings. The mechanical properties of the developed dressings were also evaluated using uniaxial tensile testing. Young's modulus (E) of the dressings decreased after inclusion of zein NPs within the PVA nanofibers. Moreover, fibroblast culturing experiments proved that the composite dressings supported better cell attachment and proliferation compared to PVA nanofibers, by exhibiting moderate hydrophilicity. The results suggested that the electrospun composite dressing of PVA nanofibers and zein NPs is a promising topical drug‐delivery system and have a great potential for wound healing application. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci.2018,135, 46643.
Mussel‐Inspired Polydopamine Coating for Flexible Ternary Resistive Memory
Authors: Zhao Yong‐Yan , Cheng Xue‐Feng , Qian Wen Hu , Zhou Jin , Sun Wu‐Ji , Hou Xiang , He Jing‐Hui , Li Hua , Xu Qing‐Feng , Li Na‐Jun , Chen Dong‐Yun , Lu Jian‐Mei 
Published: May 2018

AbstractIn recent years, numerous organic molecules and polymers carrying various functional groups were synthesized and used in fabrication of wearable electronic devices. Compared to previous materials that suffer from poisonousness, stiffness and complex film fabrication, we circumvent above matters by taking advantage of mussel‐inspired polydopamine as our active material to realize resistive random access memories (RRAMs). Polydopamine thin films were grown on indium tin oxide glass catalyzed by Cu2SO4/H2O2 and characterized by Fourier infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), UV/Vis spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The Al/Polydopamine film/ITO devices possess ternary memory behavior with good ternary device yield with two threshold voltages around 1.50 V and 3.50 V, long data retention over 104 s of continuous reading or 104 pulse reading. The two resistance switchings are attributed to defects functioning as charge traps and the formation of conductive filaments. A flexible device based on Al/polydopamine film/ITO/polyethylene terephthalate retains its ternary memory behavior after being bent with a bending radius of 1.54 cm and bending cycles up to 5000, demonstrating good compatibility and flexibility of polydopamine.
Transition‐Metal‐Catalyzed Decarbonylative Coupling Reactions: Concepts, Classifications, and Applications
Authors: Guo Lin , Rueping Magnus 
Published: May 2018

AbstractTransition metal‐catalyzed decarbonylative coupling reactions have emerged as a powerful alternative to conventional cross‐coupling protocols due to the advantages associated with the use of carbonyl‐containing functionalities as coupling electrophiles instead of commonly used organohalides or sulfates. A wide variety of novel transformations based on this concept have been successfully achieved, including decarbonylative carbon–carbon and carbon–heteroatom bond forming reactions. In this Review, we summarize the recent progress in this field and present a comprehensive overview of metal‐catalyzed decarbonylative coupling reactions with carbonyl derivatives.
Restricted Speciation and Supramolecular Assembly in the 5f Block
Authors: Carter Korey P. , Surbella Robert G. , Kalaj Mark , Cahill Christopher L. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractHybrid materials bearing elements from the 5f block display a rich diversity of coordination geometries, connectivities, and assembly motifs. Exemplary in this regard have been uranyl coordination polymers, which feature a wide range of secondary building units resulting from hydrolysis and oligomerization of the [UO2]2+cation. An alternative approach to novel materials, however, suppresses hydrolysis and relies on non‐covalent interactions (e.g. hydrogen or halogen bonding) to direct assembly of a more limited suite of species or building units. This may be achieved through the use of high‐anion media to promote singular actinyl anions that are assembled with organic cations, or by way of functionalized chelating ligands that produce complexes suited for assembly through peripheral donor/acceptor sites. Presented in this Concept article is therefore an overview of our efforts in this arena. We highlight examples of each approach, share our thoughts regarding delineation of assembly criteria, and discuss the opportunities for exploring structure–property relationships in these systems.
Existence of Diverse Modifications in Small‐RNA Species Composed of 16–28 Nucleotides
Authors: Lan Meng‐Dan , Xiong Jun , You Xue‐Jiao , Weng Xiao‐Cheng , Zhou Xiang , Yuan Bi‐Feng , Feng Yu‐Qi 
Published: May 2018

AbstractRNA contains diverse modifications that exert an important influence in a variety of cellular processes. So far, more than 150 modifications have been identified in various RNA species, mainly in ribosomal RNA (rRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and messenger RNA (mRNA). In contrast to rRNA, tRNA, and mRNA, the known modifications in small RNA species have been primarily limited to 2′‐O‐ribose methylation in plants and inosine in mammals. The methylation of small RNAs in mammals is still unclear. Current methods widely used in the characterization of small RNAs are mainly based on the strategy of nucleic acid hybridization and sequencing, which cannot characterize modifications in small RNAs. Herein, we have systematically investigated modifications in small RNAs composed of 16–28 nucleotides (nt) by establishing an effective isolation and neutral enzymatic digestion of small RNAs in combination with liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐ESI‐MS/MS). This method allowed us to simultaneously detect 57 different types of nucleoside modification. By using this approach, we revealed 24 modifications in small RNAs comprising 16–28 nt from human cells. In addition, we found that the obesity‐associated protein (FTO) may demethylate N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) and N6,2′‐O‐dimethyladenosine (m6Am) in small RNAs of 16–28 nt. Our study demonstrates the existence of diverse modifications in small RNAs composed of 16–28 nt, which may promote in‐depth understanding of the regulatory roles of noncoding RNAs.
Global status of diabetes prevention and prospects for action: A consensus statement
Authors: Ibrahim Mahmoud , Tuomilehto Jaakko , Aschner Pablo , Beseler Lucille , Cahn Avivit , Eckel Robert H. , Fischl Amy Hess , Guthrie George , Hill James O. , Kumwenda Mick , Leslie R. David , Olson Darin E. , Pozzilli Paolo , Weber Sandra L. , Umpierrez Guillermo E. 
Published: May 2018

SummaryPrimary prevention of type 2 diabetes (T2D) should be achievable through the implementation of early and sustainable measures. Several randomized control studies that found success in preventing the progression to T2D in high‐risk populations have identified early and intensive intervention based on an individualized prevention model as the key factor for participant benefit. The global prevalence of both overweight and obesity has now been widely recognized as the major epidemic of the 21st century. Obesity is a major risk factor for the progression from normal glucose tolerance to prediabetes and then to T2D. However, not all obese individuals will develop prediabetes or progress to diabetes. Intensive, multicomponent behavioural interventions for overweight and obese adults can lead to weight loss. Diabetes medications, including metformin, GLP‐1 agonists, glitazones, and acarbose, can be considered for selected high‐risk patients with prediabetes when lifestyle‐based programmes are proven unsuccessful. Nutrition education is the cornerstone of a healthy lifestyle. Also, physical activity is an integral part of the prediabetes management plan and one of the main pillars in the prevention of diabetes. Mobile phones, used extensively worldwide, can facilitate communication between health professionals and the general population, and have been shown to be helpful in the prevention of T2D. Universal screening is needed. Noninvasive risk scores should be used in all countries, but they should be locally validated in all ethnic populations focusing on cultural differences around the world. Lifestyle interventions reduce the progression to prediabetes and diabetes. Nevertheless, many questions still need to be answered.