bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrochemical Sensor Based on Multi‐walled Carbon Nanotubes and Cobalt Phthalocyanine Composite for Pyridoxine Determination
Authors: Porto Laís Sales , da Silva Daniela Nunes , Silva Maria Cristina , Pereira Arnaldo César 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIn this work, an electrochemical sensor based on pyrolytic graphite electrode (PGE), cobalt phthalocyanine (CoPc) and multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) composite designed as PGE‐MWCNT/CoPc was developed and validated for pyridoxine (vitamin B6) determination employing Differential Pulse Voltammetry (DPV). The electrochemical behaviour of pyridoxine at the PGE‐MWCNT/CoPc has been evaluated and the charge transfer coefficient, α, and the charge transfer rate constant, κ, were calculated as 0.30 and 11.67±0.43 s−1, respectively, which indicates that, although this system is irreversible, it is viable kinetically to be used as a sensor. The optimized experimental conditions were pH 5.5 in 0.30 mol L−1 phosphate buffer. The linear range found was 10 to 400 μmol L−1 of pyridoxine, with r=0.9987. The limits of detection and quantification were 0.50 and 1.67 μmol L−1, respectively, showing the good sensitivity of the method. The method was successfully applied for the pyridoxine determination in real samples of pharmaceutical formulation with RSD% lower than 5 % indicating that it can be used for routine quality control pharmaceutical formulations containing pyridoxine. Furthermore, it has the advantages of a fast response, a low detection limit and low cost.
A Novel Electrochemical Sensor Based on Silsesquioxane/Nickel (II) Phthalocyanine for the Determination of Sulfanilamide in Clinical and Drug Samples
Authors: Vanoni Caio Raphael , Winiarski João Paulo , Nagurniak Glaucio Régis , Magosso Hérica Aparecida , Jost Cristiane Luisa 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis paper describes the immobilization of nickel (II) phthalocyanine‐tetrasulfonic acid tetrasodium salt (NiTsPc) in 3‐n‐propyl(3‐methylpyridinium) silsesquioxane chloride (Si3Pic+Cl−). This hybrid material was synthetized and characterized by 29Si NMR CP‐MAS, FTIR and DRS. The modified material, designated as Si3Pic+Cl−/NiTsPc, was used to build carbon paste electrodes to determine sulfanilamide (SFL) by differential pulse voltammetry. The modified electrode showed a higher current response when compared to the bare carbon paste electrode. The evaluation of SFL was possible in the presence of salicylic acid, commonly used in solid ointment compositions in a high concentration. Theoretical calculations using density functional theory were done aiming to shed light at dimerization process at SFL. The oxidation peak increased with increasing concentrations of SFL in the range of 35–301 μmol L−1. The LOD and LOQ values obtained were 12 and 35 μmol L−1 of SFL, respectively. The novel electrochemical sensor was successfully applied for the determination of SFL in pet drug samples, urine and serum through the standard addition method. Validation was performed through a comparison with values obtained by the molecular absorption spectrometry method and there were no significant differences in the results, as confirmed by the statistical paired t‐test. This demonstrates the promise of a new approach for analytical application in clinical and drug samples of sulfonamide compounds.
Magnetic solid‐phase extraction based on carbon nanosphere@Fe3O4 for enantioselective determination of eight triazole fungicides in water samples
Authors: Wang Zhaokun , Wang Xia , Li Shuang , Jiang Zhen , Guo Xingjie 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIn this work, a carbon nanosphere decorated by Fe3O4 nanoparticles was prepared, characterized and used as the magnetic adsorbent. Eight commonly used chiral triazole fungicides, including penconazole, uniconazole, paclobutrazol, triazolone, tebuconazole, hexaconazole, triticonazole and epoxiconazole were extracted from two environmental water samples (river water and lake water) by magnetic solid‐phase extraction, followed by the enantiomeric analysis on a Chiralpark IC column coupled with a triple quadrupole mass spectrometry to evaluate their possible stereoselective degradation occurring in the water samples. The possible factors affecting the extraction performance, such as amount of used adsorbents, pH and ionic strength of water solution, types and volumes of desorption solvents were systematically investigated. Under the optimum conditions, extraction yields of eight triazole fungicides were above 80% and the concentration factors were as high as 1000. Method detection and quantification limits for the enantiomers of eight triazole fungicides were in the range of 0.56–6.95 ng/L. Satisfactory accuracy (relative recovery 77.8–93.5%), good intraday precision (RSD 4.3–9.8%) and interday precision (RSD 3.1–7.9%) were also obtained. The developed method provided the simplicity of operation, rapidity and high enrichment factor, which can be used to monitor and evaluate the behavior of the individual enantiomer of chiral triazole fungicides.
A sensitive dispersive micro solid‐phase extraction coupled with high performance liquid chromatography for determination of three flavonoids in complex matrics by using crab shell as a sorbent
Authors: Chu Chu , Wang Shan , Zhang Huan , Liu Caijing , Jiang Luyi , Tang Yiping , Yan Jizhong 
Published: February 2019

AbstractA sensitive dispersive micro solid‐phase extraction coupled with HPLC has been developed for preconcentration and determination of three flavonoids (quercetin, kaempferol, and isorhamnetin) in complex matrix samples. Parameters that affect extraction efficiency have been optimized. The optimal extraction conditions are using 2 μg/mL of crab shell as the sorbent, extraction for 2 min at pH 7, and then eluting with 100 μL of methanol. As a result, the method shows good linearity (R > 0.9994), low LODs (even 0.08 ng/ml) and satisfactory recovery in real honey and rat urine samples. As an eco‐friendly biomaterial, crab shell powder is used as sorbent in pretreatment of flavonoids, and its adsorption mechanism has been investigated for the first time. Compared with the other reported methods, the proposed strategy is time‐saving, eco‐friendly, and highly sensitive using HPLC (even achieving MS grade sensitivity).
Fate of pioneering vegetation patches in a dynamic meandering river
Authors: Kleinhans Maarten , Douma Harke , Addink Elisabeth A. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractFluvial biomorphodynamics in actively meandering rivers entail interactions between hydromorphodynamics and pioneering tree species that have eco‐engineering effects. Here we study spatiotemporal patterns of vegetation patches smaller than 150 m2 in a 4 km reach of the river Allier in France in order to unravel causes for tree persistence and mortality and identify spatial trends across the river valley. To this end we analysed aerial photographs by object‐based image analysis over a period of 56 years and tracked individual patches through time. Furthermore the cover and surface age of the study reach were classified. The large‐scale shifts of channels, bars and vegetation are consistent with the meandering process and chute cutoffs. However, the spatiotemporal patterns of the vegetation patches are surprising in that they are ubiquitous and have ages up to decades on the highly dynamic meander belt, but hardly expand into larger vegetation patches. Patches disappear exponentially as a function of their age, and faster so in the last decades. Causes are amalgamation into the riparian forest flanking the meander belt and mortality likely due to desiccation or erosion. Patches have a higher probability of survival when further away from the active channel and closer to high vegetation patches and valley boundary. The window of opportunity of vegetation settlement widens towards the valley boundaries and in floodplain lows of former channels and chutes. These results imply a gradual cross‐valley gradient of riparian vegetation settling, survival and succession. © 2019 The Authors. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Triacylglycerol, fatty acid, and phytochemical profiles in a new red sorghum variety (Ji Liang No. 1) and its antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory properties
Authors: Zhang Yaqiong , Li Ming , Gao Hang , Wang Bo , Tongcheng Xu , Gao Boyan , Yu Liangli (Lucy) 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIn this study, a new red sorghum variety (Ji Liang No. 1) was investigated for its triacylglycerol (TAG) and fatty acid profiles, carotenoid and tocopherol compositions, total phenolic, total flavonoid and phenolic acid contents, and antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory properties. A total of 17 TAGs were identified in the red sorghum oil. Linoleic and oleic acids were the primary fatty acids, contributing more than 80% of the total fatty acids. β‐Carotene was the primary carotenoid at a level of 26.14 μg/g. α‐, γ‐, and δ‐tocopherols were at levels of 0.19, 4.08, and 0.10 μg/g, respectively. Moreover, acetone–water (60:40, v/v) extract of the red sorghum exhibited the greatest total phenolic content of 2.77 mg GAE/g and total flavonoid content of 5.44 mg RE/g. The extract had scavenging capacities against DPPH, ABTS+, and peroxyl radicals and suppressed LPS stimulated IL‐1β, IL‐6, and COX‐2 mRNA expressions in a dose‐dependent manner. Ferulic, p‐coumaric, isoferulic, and p‐hydroxybenzoic acids were found in the red sorghum, with ferulic acid as the predominant phenolic acid and mostly in an insoluble bound form. These data indicated a potential utilization of the red sorghum in health‐promoting functional food or supplemental products.
Modulatory effects of miracle fruit ethanolic extracts on glucose uptake through the insulin signaling pathway in C2C12 mouse myotubes cells
Authors: Han Yi‐Chun , Wu Ju‐Yu , Wang Chin‐Kun 
Published: February 2019

AbstractMiracle fruit, Synsepalum dulcificum, is commonly known to be an alternative sweetener. It makes sour food taste sweet by affecting the tongue's taste receptors. It also shows beneficial health effects, such as antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, and antihyperglycemic activities. This study was conducted to investigate the antidiabetic effects of miracle fruit flesh (MF) and seed (MS) ethanolic extracts and the underlying mechanisms. Differentiated C2C12 myotubes were treated with the MF or MS extract (1–1,000 μg/ml) or metformin (1 mM) in the presence or absence of insulin. Compared with metformin, the MF extract significantly increased the intake of 2‐(N‐(7‐nitrobenz‐2‐oxa‐1, 3‐diazol‐4‐yl) amino)‐2‐deoxyglucose (2‐NBDG). The MF extract also upregulated insulin receptor, phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase, and glucose transporter 4 expressions. These results reveal the antidiabetic effects of miracle fruit.
Impact of external carbon source addition on methane emissions from a vertical subsurface‐flow constructed wetland
Authors: Liu Xiaoling , Fu Xiaoying , Pu Aiping , Zhang Ke , Luo Hongbing , Anderson Bruce C. , Li Mei , Huang Bo , Hu Limei , Fan Liangqian , Chen Wei , Chen Jia , Fu Shuzhi 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIn this study, different concentrations of urea (0, 12.1, 30, 45, 61 and 80 mmol·L−1) were added separately, as external carbon sources, to a two‐stage vertical subsurface‐flow constructed wetland (VSSF CW) where Cyperus alternifolius L. was planted, with the aim of understanding methane (CH4) emissions driven by urea. Results indicate that the average CH4 emissions from a two‐stage VSSF CW were 6.88, 7.11, 6.22, 7.45, 5.06 and 2.80 mol·m−2·day−1, corresponding to urea concentrations of 0, 12.1, 30, 45, 61 and 80 mmol·L−1 added in the VSSF CW, respectively. Urea as a carbon source had an average of 31.57% of influent total organic carbon (TOC). It was transformed into CH4‐C, of which CH4‐C/TOCinfluent may be be considered as an important component when anthropogenic methanogenesis from treatment wetlands was driven by carbon sources or carbon loading. Methane emissions were at their lowest when the C/N ratio was 5.89, at a urea concentration of 80 mmol·L−1. Principal component analysis (PCA) indicates that CH4 correlated positively with temperature and redox conditions (Eh). Methane emissions driven by urea in the two‐stage VSSF CW were found to be in accordance with the second‐rate dynamics kinetic model (kinetic constant = 22.94 mg CH4·h−1, R2 = 0.99), which can be considered as a high level of CH4 emissions. It indicates that external carbon sources can influence CH4 emissions from two‐stage VSSF CW significantly. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Early embryonic NG2 glia are exclusively gliogenic and do not generate neurons in the brain
Authors: Huang Wenhui , Guo Qilin , Bai Xianshu , Scheller Anja , Kirchhoff Frank 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIn the central nervous system, the type I transmembrane glycoprotein NG2 (nerve‐glia antigen 2) is only expressed by pericytes and oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs). Therefore, OPCs are also termed NG2 glia. Their fate during development has been investigated systematically in several genetically modified mouse models. Consensus exists that postnatal NG2 glia are restricted to the oligodendrocyte (OL) lineage, while, at least in the forebrain, embryonic NG2 glia could also generate astrocytes. In addition, experimental evidence for a neurogenic potential of NG2 glia in the early embryonic brain (before E16.5) has been provided. However, this observation is still controversial. Here, we took advantage of reliable transgene expression in NG2‐EYFP and NG2‐CreERT2 knock‐in mice to study the fate of early embryonic NG2 glia. While pericytes were the main cells with robust NG2 gene activity at E12.5, only a few OPCs expressed NG2 at this early stage of embryogenesis. Subsequently, this proportion of OPCs increased from 3% (E12.5) to 11% and 25% at E14.5 and E17.5, respectively. When Cre DNA recombinase activity was induced at E12.5 and E14.5 and pups were analyzed at postnatal day 0 (P0) and P10, the vast majority of recombined cells, besides pericytes, belonged to the OL lineage cells, with few astrocytes in the ventral forebrain. In other brain regions such as brain stem, cerebellum, and olfactory bulb only OL lineage cells were detected. Therefore, we conclude that NG2 glia from early embryonic brain are restricted to a gliogenic fate and do not differentiate into neurons after birth.
Lymphomas associated with chronic hepatitis C virus infection: A prospective multicenter cohort study from the Rete Ematologica Lombarda (REL) clinical network
Authors: Rattotti Sara , Ferretti Virginia Valeria , Rusconi Chiara , Rossi Andrea , Fogazzi Stefano , Baldini Luca , Pioltelli Pietro , Balzarotti Monica , Farina Lucia , Ferreri Andrés J.M. , Laszlo Daniele , Speziale Valentina , Varettoni Marzia , Sciarra Roberta , Morello Lucia , Tedeschi Alessandra , Frigeni Marco , Defrancesco Irene , Zerbi Caterina , Flospergher Elena , Nizzoli Maria Elena , Morra Enrica , Arcaini Luca ,   on behalf of the “Rete Ematologica Lombarda” (REL ‐ Hematology Clinical Network of Lombardy ‐ Lymphoma Workgroup)
Published: February 2019

AbstractChronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is related with an increased risk of non‐Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL). In indolent subtypes, regression of NHL was reported after HCV eradication with antiviral therapy (AT). In 2008 in Lombardy, a region of Northern Italy, the “Rete Ematologica Lombarda” (REL, Hematology Network of Lombardy—Lymphoma Workgroup) started a prospective multicenter observational cohort study on NHL associated with HCV infection, named “Registro Lombardo dei Linfomi HCV‐positivi” (“Lombardy Registry of HCV‐associated non‐Hodgkin lymphomas”). Two hundred fifty patients with a first diagnosis of NHL associated with HCV infection were enrolled; also in our cohort, diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) are the two most frequent HCV‐associated lymphomas. Two thirds of patients had HCV‐positivity detection before NHL; overall, NHL was diagnosed after a median time of 11 years since HCV survey. Our data on eradication of HCV infection were collected prior the recent introduction of the direct‐acting antivirals (DAAs) therapy. Sixteen patients with indolent NHL treated with interferon‐based AT as first line anti‐lymphoma therapy, because of the absence of criteria for an immediate conventional treatment for lymphoma, had an overall response rate of 90%. After a median follow‐up of 7 years, the overall survival (OS) was significantly longer in indolent NHL treated with AT as first line (P = 0.048); this confirms a favorable outcome in this subset. Liver toxicity was an important adverse event after a conventional treatment in 20% of all patients, in particular among DLBCL, in which it is more frequent the coexistence of a more advanced liver disease. Overall, HCV infection should be consider as an important co‐pathology in the treatment of lymphomas and an interdisciplinary approach should be always considered, in particular to evaluate the presence of fibrosis or necroinflammatory liver disease.
The thickness of poly‐phenoxyethyl methacrylate brush interferes with cellular behavior and function of myofibers
Authors: Huang Tao , Xiao Jiangwei , Wang Shuhao , Liao Zhaohong , Huang Tao , Gu Ruicai , Li Junhua , Wu Gang , Liao Hua 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIntroducing or grafting molecules onto biomaterial surfaces to regulate muscle cell destination via biophysical cues is one of the important steps for biomaterial design in muscle tissue engineering. Therefore, it is important to understand the interaction between myoblasts and myofibers with substrates modified by biomimetic layer with different thicknesses. In this study, we used a surface‐induced atom transfer radical polymerization method to synthetize and graft poly‐phenoxyethyl methacrylate (PHEMA) brushes having different lengths on the glass substrates. C2C12 myoblasts were seeded on the PHEMA brushes and differentiated using horse serum, for analyzing the sensibility of muscle cells to feel environment changing, and further investigating whether the depths of grafting layer on the biomaterial surface are important factors in regulating muscle cell behaviors. Our results demonstrated that on the thicker PHEMA brushes surface (200 and 450 nm), C2C12 myoblasts showed a better survival and proliferation and were favorable for cell fusion and myotube formation. Furthermore, myofibers survived on the thicker brushes were more functional and upregulated cytoskeleton proteins (tubulin, vimentin, and vinculin) and FAK levels, and enhanced the expression levels for mechanical stress molecules (HGF, NOS‐1, and c‐Met). These results suggest that grafting thickness of PHEMA layer on the substrate led to the myoblasts/myofiber behavior change, which would be valuable for the design and preparation of the modified layer on muscle tissue engineering scaffolds. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 107A: 1264–1272, 2019.
Aligned topography mediated cell elongation reverses pathological phenotype of in vitro cultured keloid fibroblasts
Authors: Huang Jia , Tu Tian , Wang Wenbo , Gao Zhen , Zhou Guangdong , Zhang Wenjie , Wu Xiaoli , Liu Wei 
Published: February 2019

AbstractTopography modified cell behavior remains less explored in diseased cells. This study investigated the reversing effect on the pathological phenotype of keloid fibroblasts via culturing cells on a parallel microgrooved surface. The results showed that this particular topography with 3 μm groove depth and 10 μm width could significantly elongate and align the cultured cells with reduced cell (nucleus) area and increased cell (nucleus) body aspect ratio and cell (nucleus) body major axis (p < 0.05). Importantly, the elongated cells gradually lost their fibrotic phenotype with inhibited cell proliferation and cell cycle arrest in S‐phase (p < 0.05), reduced expression of fibrotic markers such as collagen, fibronectin, connective tissue growth factor, α‐smooth muscle actin, transforming growth factor‐β1 (p < 0.05), and increased matrix metalloproteinases/tissue inhibitor‐1 ratio (p < 0.05) along with attenuated Smad and Erk phosphorylation level. All these indicate that this parallel topography is powerful enough to modify keloid cell phenotype, a benign skin tumor with excessive cell proliferation and matrix production. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2019.
A novel 3D printed cage with microporous structure and in vivo fusion function
Authors: Li Peng , Jiang Wei , Yan Jia , Hu Kun , Han Zhenchuan , Wang Bo , Zhao Yongfei , Cui Geng , Wang Zheng , Mao Keya , Wang Yan , Cui Fuzhai 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIn this study, a novel 3D printed porous titanium cage (3D printed cage) with interconnected pores inside was designed and manufactured. Observations by scanning electron microscopy showed that the inside of the 3D printed cage had an octahedral porous structure, with the pores uniform in size and connected to each other. The mechanical properties analysis found that the Young's modulus and compressive strength of the porous structure were close to those of the bone structure, and the overall stiffness was slightly higher than that of the polyether ether ketone (PEEK) material, but was significantly lower than that of the titanium alloy solid module. Animal experiments indicated that the new 3D printed cage was equivalent to PEEK cage in fusion time. At 3 months, the new bone grew into the cage through the pores of the new 3D printed cage surface, which had a high bone contact rate. These results demonstrate that the 3D printed porous titanium cage has good biocompatibility and osseointegration, and has a potential clinical value as bone implants. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2019.
The basics of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT): A study from a structure, dynamics, and functional perspective
Authors: Das Vishal , Bhattacharya Sourya , Chikkaputtaiah Channakeshavaiah , Hazra Saugata , Pal Mintu 
Published: February 2019

AbstractEpithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a key step in transdifferentiation process in solid cancer development. Forthcoming evidence suggest that the stratified program transforms polarized, immotile epithelial cells to migratory mesenchymal cells associated with enhancement of breast cancer stemness, metastasis, and drug resistance. It involves primarily several signaling pathways, such as transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β), cadherin, notch, plasminogen activator protein inhibitor, urokinase plasminogen activator, and WNT/beta catenin pathways. However, current understanding on the crosstalk of multisignaling pathways and assemblies of key transcription factors remain to be explored. In this review, we focus on the crosstalk of signal transduction pathways linked to the current therapeutic and drug development strategies. We have also performed the computational modeling on indepth the structure and conformational dynamic studies of regulatory proteins and analyze molecular interactions with their associate factors to understand the complicated process of EMT in breast cancer progression and metastasis. Electrostatic potential surfaces have been analyzed that help in optimization of electrostatic interactions between the protein and its ligand. Therefore, understanding the biological implications underlying the EMT process through molecular biology with biocomputation and structural biology approaches will enable the development of new therapeutic strategies to sensitize tumors to conventional therapy and suppress their metastatic phenotype.