bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rezeptorszintigraphie mit 111In-Pentetreotid beiendokrinen gastroenteropankreatischenTumoren
Authors: Stapp J. , Reinecke J. , Skamel H. J. , Höffken H. , Benning R. , Neuhaus C. , Lenze H. , Trautmann M. E. , Arnold R. , Joseph K. 
Published: March 2018

ZusammenfassungDie Rezeptorszintigraphie mit 111In-Pentetreotid ist ein komplementäres bildgebendesVerfahren mit einer Sensitivität von 88%, um bei Patienten mitklinischen und biochemischen Symptomen eines endokrinen Tumors desGastrointestinaltraktes oder des Pankreas den Primärtumor und dessen Metastasen zu lokalisieren. Als Ganzkörperszintigraphie erfaßt sie jede Körperregionund stellt auch kleine Tumoren dar, die mit den übrigen bildgebendenVerfahren nicht oder nur schwer zu entdecken sind. Bei 104 Patienten mit GEP-Tumoren oder nach operativer Entfernung eines solchen Tumors erwiessich die Rezeptorszintigraphie als dem Ultraschall und der Computertomographie bei 34% in der Aussagekraftüberlegen, bei 52% als gleich und bei 14%als unterlegen.
Discordance of Sialography and Scintigraphy in Unilateral Chronic Sialadenitis
Authors: Ataç K. , Öztürk E. , Pabusçu Y. , Bayhan H. , Ilgan S. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryA Tc-99m pertechnetate salivary gland scintigraphy, digital subtraction sialography (DSS) and cytological findings of a 48-year-old female who received 1-131 therapy for the treatment of follicular carcinoma of thyroid are presented. Post radioiodine therapy sialoscintigraphy showed increased blood flow and uptake with decreased secretion in the left parotid gland suggesting acute inflammation. In contrast, DSS and fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) findings were consistent with chronic sialoadenitis. Follow-up scintigraphy one month later showed normal blood flow and decreased uptake and confirmed the diagnosis of chronic sialoadenitis. In light of this case, we conclude that since management of sialoadenitis depends on the stage of inflammation scintigraphic findings should be interpreted together with radiology and FNAB findings if necessary. When chronic sialoadenitis is followed by acute exacerbations, diagnosis based exclusively on sialoscintigraphic findings may result in inadequate patient management.
Compensatory Tibial Overgrowth Following Healing of Closed Femoral Fractures in Young Dogs
Authors: Susan L. , O’Brien R. T. , Johnson K. A. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryTwo young dogs examined for hindlimb lameness were found to have healed femoral fractures, 2-4 cm of femoral shortening, and 1 cm of compensatory ipsilateral tibial overgrowth. Neither dog had had surgery or internal fixation. Although tibial overgrowth partially corrected for limb shortening, both dogs had chronic intermittent lameness due to malformation of the femoral condyles and secondary stifle osteoarthritis.Compensatory tibial overgrowth was found in two young dogs with femoral fractures which had healed without any surgical reduction or internal fixation. Tibial overgrowth of approximately 1 cm in each case partially compensated for 2-4 cm of femoral shortening.
Surgical Stabilisation of the Atlantoaxial Joint in a Cat
Authors: Read R. A. , Thomson M. J. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryA 15-month-old male exotic shorthair cat was presented to the Murdoch University Veterinary Hospital with a 13 month history of progressive ataxia and paresis. Radiography and myelography confirmed atlantoaxial instability and ventral compression of the spinal cord. Surgical stabilisation was achieved with two Kirschner wires and a bone graft via a ventral approach, and an external splint was applied for eight weeks. Four months postoperatively the cat had steadily improved, though neurological deficits were still present and arthrodesis of the atlantoaxial joint was not complete.Atlantoaxial subluxation has only rarely been reported in the cat. This is the third reported case of surgical correction, and a favourable prognosis was achieved in all three cases using a ventral technique. Cardiac arrest has been associated with both ventral and dorsal techniques, and is usually a fatal complication. Fortunately in this case the cat was successfully resuscitated and made a full recovery.
Effect of Low Compression on the Growth Plate. An Experimental Study in Sheep
Authors: Collard P. , Sales de Gauzy J. , Mathon D. , Darmana R. , Cahuzac J.-Ph. , Autefage A. , Asimus E. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryThis study was carried out to investigate the effect of compression on the growth plate. An external fixation device was applied across the distal radial physis in 24 eight-week-old lambs. Compression was applied continuously for seven weeks. A shamoperation was performed on the contralateral side. The animals were divided into two groups according to the rate of compression. In group #1, the mean pressure exerted by the compression device ranged from 0.03 ± 0.01 kg/cm2 to 0.05 ± 0.01 kg/cm2. In group #2, the mean pressure ranged from 0.08 ± 0.01 kg/cm2 to 0.16 ± 0.01 kg/cm2. The results obtained show that this pressure did not modify the longitudinal growth of the bone. A statistical difference was not noted between the operated side and the control side in any of the groups. We conclude that mild physeal compression (less than 0.16 kg/cm2) in the immature sheep would neither retard nor accelerate the growth of the distal radial epiphyseal plate.An external fixation device was applied to the distal radial growth plate in immature sheep. Compression was performed continuously for seven weeks. The authors conclude that mild physeal compression (between 0.03 and 0.16 kg/cm2) neither diminished nor increased the growth.
Long-term Results of Conservative Treatment, Excision Arthroplasty and Triple Pelvic Osteotomy for the Treatment of Hip Dysplasia in the Immature Dog
Authors: Dupuis J. , Beauregard G. , Bonneau N. H. , Breton L. , Planté J. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryThe long-term efficiency of conservative treatment, excision arthroplasty of the femoral head and neck and triple pelvic osteotomy for the treatment of hip dysplasia in the immature dog were compared using ground reaction forces analysis at the trot. Fourteen hips were re-evaluated for the conservative treatment group, 16 for the triple pelvic osteotomy group and ten for the excision arthroplasty group. Force plate analysis demonstrated that hind limbs belonging to the triple pelvic osteotomy group had, at the trot, a locomotor function similar to the one of normal hind limbs in the control group. At a “similar age”, hind limbs of the conservative group did not show any marked difference from those in the triple pelvic osteotomy and control groups. The dogs of the excision arthroplasty group showed ground reaction forces abnormalities, most probably due to the absence of a coxofemoral joint (decreased peak propulsive force and Fz impulse, compared to triple pelvic osteotomy and control groups). The forelimbs of conservative treatment, excision arthroplasty and triple pelvic osteotomy groups showed a peak propulsive force superior to the one in the control group. This could be an adaptation phenomenon in order to compensate a deficient function of the hind limbs or a habit acquired at a younger age.Force plate analysis has demonstrated that hind limbs treated bilaterally with triple pelvic osteotomy had, at the trot, a locomotor function similar to the one of normal hind limbs from a control group. At a mean age of 4.5 ± 1 years, dogs treated conservatively did not show, at the trot, any marked difference with those treated with triple pelvic osteotomy and with normal dogs. Hind limbs treated with excision arthroplasty showed certain abnormalities most probably due to the absence of a coxofemoral joint such as a significant decrease of peak propulsive force and Fz impulse.
Autogenous Tensor Fascia Lata Graft Replacement of the Patellar Ligament in a Dog
Authors: Selcer B. A. , Smith J. D. , Aron D. N. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryThis report documents a complicated trauma case in a dog that was successfully managed by substitution of a missing patellar ligament with an autogenous tensor fascia lata free graft. Important to the success of the case was the use of a careful postoperative regime of progressive controlled mobilization with the aid of the hinged transarticular external skeletal fixator. Because of the advantages provided by use of the autogenous tensor fascia lata graft and the hinged transarticular external skeletal fixator, patient morbidity was low and the end result was good.An autogenous tensor fascia lata free graft was successfully used to completely substitute for a missing patellar ligament in a dog. Postoperative rehabilitation was facilitated by the use of the hinged transarticular external skeletal fixator. The technique is described along with the results. Complete substitution of the patellar ligament with a graft has not been reported in the dog.
Cardiac Output during Total Hip Replacement in Dogs
Authors: Matis U. , Böttcher P. , Erhardt W. , Gantke S. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryTrans-oesophageal pulsed-wave Doppler echocardiography was evaluated as a noninvasive method of determining cardiac output during total hip replacement in 10 dogs. Cardiac output was estimated by determining the crosssectional area of the aorta via caudal transverse echocardiography and the outflow velocity of the ascending aorta via cranial transverse Doppler echocardiography. Thermodilution was used as the reference method. In addition, cardiopulmonary changes, at the time of femoral prosthesis insertion, were determined. Comparison of 160 measurements yielded a correlation coefficient of 0.48. Linear regression analysis revealed the equation, cardiac outputDoppler echocardiography = 0.45 cardiac outputthermodilution + 3.3. In comparison to thermodilution, trans-oesophageal pulsedwave Doppler echocardiography overestimated cardiac output at flow rates less than 61/min and underestimated the cardiac output at flow rates greater than 61/min. There was a significant decrease in the partial pressure of carbon dioxide at end-expiration (PETCO2), the systolic arterial blood pressure (mmHg) and the invasive stroke volume (ml/beat/m2) and a significant increase in the pulmonary vascular resistance (dynes/sec/cm5) immediately after insertion of the femoral prosthesis.The purpose of this study was to evaluate the trans-oesophageal pulsed-wave Doppler echocardiography as a noninvasive method of determining cardiac output in dogs during total hip replacement. Thermodilution was used as the reference method. The correlation coefficient was r = 0.48. In conclusion, this study confirms that the trans-oesophageal Doppler echocardiography is not suitable for measuring the absolute CO-value. This ultrasound technique only allows an approximate estimation of the CO-trend.
Facilitation of fracture repair using low-intensity pulsed ultrasound
Authors: Wong W. T. , Bennell K. L. , McMeeken J. M. , Wark J. D. , Warden S. J. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryA recent application of ultrasound (US) therapy is to bone fractures. In two randomized controlled trials in humans, specific dosed US accelerated fresh tibial and radial fracture repair by 38%. When applied to delayed- and non-unions the same dosed US resulted in union in over 80% of cases. Similar US may augment fracture repair in veterinary practice. This paper reviews US dosages applied during fracture repair and their effect on bone healing. It concludes by discussing the clinical and practical implications of these findings to veterinary practice and the need for further research into this electrotherapeutic modality.Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound has been shown to facilitate fresh fracture repair, reduce the incidence of delayed-union and initiate healing of fractures displaying delayedand non-union. This paper discusses these findings and their implications to veterinary practice.
Extraction resistance of 2.7 mm medio-lateral-placed cortical screws compared with 2.7 mm and 3.5 mm cranio-caudal-placed cortical screws in canine cadaver radii
Authors: Rochat M. C. , Brusewitz G. H. , Payton M. E. , Linn L. L. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryMedial placement of a 2.7 mm dynamic compression plate (DCP) has been proposed as an alternative to cranial placement of a 3.5 DCP for the treatment of mid-diaphyseal to metaphyseal radial fractures in dogs (13, 17). The purpose of this study was to compare the extraction strength of 2.7 mm screws placed in a medio-lateral (ML) plane with both 2.7 mm and 3.5 mm screws placed in a cranio-caudal (CC) plane in canine cadaver radii.Comparisons between these three screw orientations were evaluated by placing six screws (in vitro) in each of 16 paired radii and then conducting a standard extraction test (also known as a pull-out test). One radius of each pair received 2.7 mm ML screws (n = 48), the opposite radius received either 2.7mm CC or 3.5 mm CC screws (n = 24 each). Extraction strength was compared by screw position within a bone and between planes of placement within matched pairs.Screw position within a bone did not have a significant effect on strength comparisons. The number six (most distal) screw was consistently and significantly weaker than the other screws without regard to plane of placement. Medio-lateral screws were significantly stronger than both 2.7 mm and 3.5 mm screws placed in a cranio-caudal plane. Medial placement of a 2.7 mm dynamic compression plate (DCP) is a viable alternative to cranial placement of a 3.5 DCP for treatment of mid-diaphyseal to distal radial fractures in dogs, with regard to screw purchase and holding strength.A comparison of extraction strength of 2.7 mm screws placed in a medio-lateral (ML) plane was made with both mm and 3.5 mm screws placed in a cranio-caudal (CC) plane in canine cadaver radii. Medio-lateral screws were significantly stronger than both mm and 3.5 mm screws placed in a cranio-caudal plane. With regard to screw purchase and holding strength, medial placement of a 2.7 mm dynamic compression plate (DCP) is a viable alternative to cranial placement of a 3.5 DCP for treatment of mid-diaphyseal to distal radial fractures in dogs.
Fragmented palmar metacarpophalangeal sesamoids in dogs: a long-term evaluation
Authors: Koblik P. D. , Whitehair J. G. , Kass P. H. , Bradley C. , Mathews K. G. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryLong-term clinical and radiographicresponse to surgical and conservativemanagement of 22 dogs with fragmentedsesamoids was evaluated. Mean follow-up was 3.6 years (range = 3 monthsto 11.0 years).Initial (retrospective) and follow-up(prospective) radiographs of the affectedpalmar sesamoids and associatedmetacarpophalangeal joints were evaluatedusing a graded scoring system. A lameness evaluation and physicalexamination were performed at followupin a blinded manner. In addition,owners were asked to complete a questionnaireregarding their pet’s thoraciclimb lameness.There was not any difference betweengroups (sesamoidectomy, conservativemanagement, incidental finding)in age at onset, duration of lamenessprior to therapy, body weight at treatment, time to follow-up, number ofaffected joints, nor owner perceptionsof whether they thought the lamenessimproved, resolved, or recurred, andwhether or not they were pleased withthe outcome.Sesamoid fragmentation treated bysesamoidectomy resulted in significantlygreater progression of radiographicchanges that were consistentwith degenerative joint disease.Chronic lameness resolved or improvedto the point of owner satisfactionwith conservative therapy in most cases. Continued lameness, or recurrent,although improved lameness associatedwith heavy activity, occurred followingsurgical extirpation of the affectedsesamoids in many cases. Given thesefindings, a more conservative approachto the treatment of chronic lamenessassociated with sesamoid fragmentationmay be warranted.Long-term clinical and radiographic response to surgical and conservative management of 22 dogs with fragmented sesamoids was evaluated. Mean follow-up was 3.6 years. Sesamoid fragmentation treated by sesamoidectomy resulted in significantly greater progression of radiographic changes that were consistent with degenerative joint disease. Chronic lameness resolved or improved to the point of owner satisfaction with conservative therapy in most cases. Continued or recurrent lameness was common following sesamoidectomy. Conservative therapy should be attempted prior to sesamoidectomy for dogs with chronic lameness associated with palmar metacarpophalangeal sesamoid fragmentation.
Plasma and synovial concentrations of carprofen in dogs with chronic osteoarthritis
Authors: Schneider T. A. , Budsberg S. C. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryThe objective of this study was to measure the synovial and plasma concentration of carprofen in normal and osteoarthritic stifle joints throughout a 12-hour period. Eight healthy male mixed breed hound dogs with chronic right stifle osteoarthritis (OA) secondary to right cruciate ligament transection, were used. Each dog was treated with carprofen (2mg/kg every 12 hours) for 14 days at four different time periods. Prior to treatment, each dog had baseline data collected that included two force plate evaluations (seven days apart), synovial fluid, and plasma collections. Plasma samples were collected at three hours post drug administration on days two, four, six, eight, 10, and 12. On days #7 and 14 plasma, serum, bilateral stifle synovial fluid and ground reaction forces (GRFs) were collected at three, six, nine, or 12 hours post-medication, depending upon the test protocol. Vertical and cranio-caudal ground reaction forces were recorded at each time period. Plasma concentrations measured at three hours remained constant over each testing protocol. There were not any differences between the plasma carprofen concentrations at three, nine, or 12 hours between days #7 or 14. A significant difference was not found in the carprofen synovial concentrations between left and right stifles at any time. Significant increases in vertical impulse data were found at six hours post-treatment, for all of the collection periods on days three, seven and 14. During the study, there was not any indication that carprofen had a ‘preference’ for the OA stifle as opposed to the normal stifle. Carprofen administration increased the total force transmitted through the abnormal limb.Carprofen concentrations in the plasma and synovial fluid and ground reaction forces were measured in dogs with single stifle osteoarthritis at three, six, nine and 12 hours following dosing at 2 mg/kg every 12 hours. Carprofen did not have a ‘preference’ for the OA stifle as opposed to the normal stifle. Carprofen administration increased the total force transmitted through the abnormal limb.
The surgical treatment of talocrural luxation in nine cats
Authors: Ehrismann G. , Schmökel H. G. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryThe surgical treatment of talocrural luxation in nine cats was evaluated. Stabilisation of the joint was achieved by internal fixation of fractures and ligament replacement. A splint provided external support in eight cats and an external fixator was used in one. The support remained in place for three to seven weeks in five cats (group #1) but is was removed after ten days in four (group #2) and physiotherapy applied to the leg. Using a scoring system the repairs were assessed at 5-30 months, when cats in group #2 had better function and less DJD than those in group #1. Early mobilisation and weight-bearing may have favourably influenced this result.The treatment of talocrural luxations in cats is reported. Early physiotherapy and mobilisation appeared to benefit the outcome.
The equine nuchal ligament 2: passive dynamic energy exchange in locomotion
Authors: Bertram J. E. A. , Gellman K. S. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryHead and neck movements in horses are characteristic at each gait, implying that the oscillation patterns are an intrinsic part of locomotion. In this study, we examined the head and neck movements of Standardbred horses exercising on a treadmill, and calculated the mechanical work performed by the head and neck segments at the walk, trot and canter. The position of the head and neck relative to the trunk was used to calculate the elastic strain energy stored in the nuchal ligament during the head movements of locomotion. These data allowed us to estimate the proportion of oscillatory work that is contributed by passive components of the equine neck. Elastic strain energy stored in the nuchal ligament contributes 55% of the work of moving the head and neck at the walk, and 33% and 31% respectively at the trot and canter. By substituting passive nuchal ligament work for active muscular work, the horse is able to reduce its metabolic cost of locomotion.
Polyarthritis following vaccination in four dogs
Authors: Garner M. , Lübke S. , Schmidt M. F. G. , Bennett D. , Brunnberg L. , Kohn B. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryThe purpose of this study was to describe four dogs that developed polyarthritis (PA) shortly after vaccination.Between 1996–1999, 27 dogs were admitted to the Clinic for Small Animals, University of Berlin with clinical signs of PA. Based on the history, clinical findings, results of routine laboratory tests, radiography and ultrasonography, synovial fluid analysis, serum titers for rheumatoid factors, infectious disease and immunological serum titers nine dogs were diagnosed with idiopathic PA type I and 14 dogs with other forms of polyarthritis. Vaccine-associated PA (VAPA) was suspected in four dogs of different breeds (1.3–2.4 years old) which showed a sudden onset of lameness with several painful and swollen joints three – 15 days (mean 11) after vaccination. Synovial fluid analysis revealed nucleated cell counts ranging from 4,000-72,000/μl (mean 30,000) with 30–90% (mean 80) neutrophils. Treatment consisted of NSAIDs and doxycycline. The VAPA dogs quickly recovered in one to two days, three had not experienced a recurrent arthritic episode, one dog developed arthritic signs 12 days after revaccination. An accurate vaccination history is important on all dogs presenting with PA. In accordance with anecdotal reports the signs of disease in VAPA can spontaneously resolve.
Elbow dysplasia in a Basset Hound
Authors: Volk S. W. , Keith D. G. , McLear R. C. , Smith G. K. , Kapatkin A. S. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryA Basset Hound with elbow dysplasias (ununited anconeal process and elbow incongruity in the left elbow, fragmented medial coronoid process and elbow incongruity in the right elbow) was followed by serial radiography, computer tomographic (CT) scan and arthroscopy at eight,11,13,16 and 19 months of age. Radiographs were insensitive to progressive changes in the elbow dysplastic joints. CT and arthroscopy were both highly sensitive to subtle and severe changes occurring in the elbow joint over the times examined. Further studies evaluating the effect of multiple arthroscopic examinations itself on joints as well as age that CT will be sensitive to the earliest changes in the elbow joint need to be investigated. Hopefully, these studies will help evaluate early surgical interventions and help to eliminate elbow dysplasia in breeding dogs.
Isolating the effects of equine hoof shape measurements on capsule strain with finite element analysis
Authors: McClinchey H. L. , Jofriet J. C. , Thomason J. J. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryThe shape of the equine hoof capsule affects how weightbearing forces are resisted by the capsule and are transmitted to deeper structures within the hoof. Our aim was to isolate the effects of several measurements describing hoof shape on strains and stresses in the hoof capsule. Multiple finite-element models are constructed with toe angles in the range 42° to 58°, heel angles from 34° to 50°, toe lengths of 8.5 to11.5 cm, and medial and lateral angles from 68° to 83°. Strain at the toe is inversely related to toe angle, and not strongly affected by heel angle; it increases with toe length distally on the toe, but decreases near the coronary border. Varying medial and lateral angles show that more upright walls have less strain at the quarters. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of finite element methods in complementing in vitro and in vivo studies of hoof mechanics.