bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is There a Need for Functional Radiographs in Diagnosing Lumbar Instability?
Authors: Lutschounig Marie-Christine , Sigmund Irene Katharina , Steiner Irene , Rienmüller Anna , Stihsen Christoph , Windhager Reinhard , Grohs Josef Georg 
Published: December 2024

Study Design Retrospective radiological database analysis. Objective The aim of this study was to assess the value of functional radiography (FRF = flexion; FRE = extension) compared to MRI and standing sagittal plane full spine radiography (SP) with low-grade spondylolisthesis. Methods Sagittal translation (ST) and rotation (SR) were measured between all lumbar levels to assess instability. The differences for ST and SR of SP and FRE as well as MRI and FRF were calculated. In addition, the lumbar lordosis, the sacral slope, the pelvic tilt and the pelvic incidence were measured. Results Radiological datasets of 55 patients with 165 lumbar segments fulfilled inclusion criteria. Instability was diagnosed in 20 segments (12.1%) with SP/MRI compared to 14 segments (8.5%) using FRF/FRE with ST. SR functional radiographs showed instability in 41 segments (25%) and 23 segments (14%) using SP/MRI. The intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) of ST between SP and FRE for L3/L4, L4/L5, and L5/S1 were 0.74, 0.84 and 0.97, respectively, indicating moderate to excellent agreement between imaging methods. For SP/FRE, the ICCs of the SR were 0.72, 0.61 and 0.64, respectively with moderate agreement. The ICCs of the ST for L3/4, L4/5, and L5/S1 showed moderate to good agreement between MRI and FRF with values of 0.52, 0.77, and 0.80, respectively. Regarding SR, poor agreement between MRI and FRF was observed. The ICCs for L3/4, L4/5, L5/S1 were 0.16, 0.23 and 0.23. Conclusion Based on our results, instability may also be diagnosed by calculating the difference in the ST in SP and MRI without additional functional radiographs. However, FRF showed translational instability more clearly than MRI in some patients and might still be an asset in borderline cases.
Lung parenchymal and cardiac appearances on CTPA impact survival in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension: results from the ASPIRE Registry
Authors: Abdulaal Lojain , Maiter Ahmed , Dwivedi Krit , Sharkey Michael J. , Alabed Samer , Alkhanfar Dheyaa , Rothman Alexander , Rajaram Smitha , Condliffe Robin , Kiely David G. , Swift Andrew J. 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundChronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is commonly evaluated using CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA). We evaluated the frequency and impact of parenchymal and cardiac abnormalities on survival in CTEPH.MethodsPatients were identified from the ASPIRE (Assessing-the-Spectrum-of-Pulmonary-Hypertension-Identified-at-a-Referral-Centre) Registry. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to assess survival.Results290 patients (55% female, mean age 65±14 years) with CTEPH were included. Mosaic perfusion was noted in 83%, lung infarction in 73% and parenchymal lung disease in 28%. The severity of mosaic perfusion and lung infarction correlated with markers of disease severity (p<0.001). Whereas the presence of mosaic perfusion was associated with improved survival in all patients (p=0.03), it did not predict outcome in those undergoing pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA) (p=0.6) and those not undergoing PEA (p=0.22). The presence of lung infarction had no impact on mortality. The presence of co-existing lung disease was associated with a worse survival (p<0.008), in patients not undergoing PEA. Mosaic perfusion was less common in patients with parenchymal lung disease (65%) compared to those without parenchymal lung disease (90%), p<0.001. Increased right: left ventricular ratio and aortic diameter predicted worse outcome (p<0.002).ConclusionLung parenchymal and cardiac changes on CTPA predict outcome in CTEPH. Co-existing parenchymal lung disease is not uncommon and when present may mask the presence of mosaic perfusion. This study highlights the importance of systematically evaluating the lung parenchyma and cardiac changes in patients with CTEPH.
Anaphylaxis
Authors: Abrams Elissa M. , Alqurashi Waleed , Fischer David A. , Vander Leek Timothy K. , Ellis Anne K. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Anaphylaxis is an acute, potentially fatal systemic hypersensitivity reaction with varied mechanisms and clinical presentations. Although prompt recognition and treatment of anaphylaxis are imperative, both patients and healthcare professionals often fail to recognize and diagnose its early signs. Clinical manifestations vary widely, however, the most common signs are cutaneous symptoms, including urticaria and angioedema. Immediate intramuscular administration of epinephrine into the anterolateral thigh is first-line therapy, and is always safe even if the diagnosis is uncertain. The mainstays of long-term management include specialist assessment, allergen avoidance measures, and the provision of an epinephrine auto-injector with an individualized anaphylaxis emergency plan. This article provides an overview of the causes, clinical features, diagnosis, and acute as well as long-term management of anaphylaxis.
Angioedema
Authors: Lacuesta Gina , Betschel Stephen D. , Tsai Ellie , Kim Harold 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAngioedema can occur in the absence of urticaria and can be broadly divided into three main categories: mast cell-mediated (e.g., histamine), non-mast-cell-mediated (bradykinin-induced) and idiopathic angioedema. Non-mast-cell-mediated angioedema is largely driven by bradykinin. Bradykinin-induced angioedema can be hereditary, acquired or drug-induced, such as with angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. Although bradykinin-mediated angioedema can be self-limited, it can cause significant morbidity and laryngeal involvement may lead to fatal asphyxiation. The mainstays of management for angioedema are: (1) to avoid specific triggers (if possible and where known) and (2) treatment with medication (if indicated). For hereditary angioedema (HAE), there are specifically licensed treatments that can be used for the management of attacks, or for prophylaxis in order to prevent attacks. In this article, the authors will review the causes, diagnosis and management of angioedema.
A novel single-tube LAMP-CRISPR/Cas12b method for rapid and visual detection of zoonotic Toxoplasma gondii in the environment
Authors: Liang Yao , Xie Shi-Chen , Lv Yi-Han , He Yuan-Hui , Zheng Xiao-Nan , Cong Wei , Elsheikha Hany M. , Zhu Xing-Quan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Toxoplasma gondii oocysts, excreted in cat feces, pose a significant health risk to humans through contaminated soil and water. Rapid and accurate detection of T. gondii in environmental samples is essential for public health protection.

Methods
We developed a novel, single-tube detection method that integrates loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas12b system, and lateral flow immunoassay strips for rapid, visual identification of T. gondii. This method targets the T. gondii B1 gene, initially amplifies it with LAMP, directed by a single-guide RNA (sgRNA). It then recognizes the amplified target gene and activates trans-cleavage, cutting nearby single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) reporters. Fluorescence detection was performed using a 6-Carboxyfluorescein (FAM)-12N-Black Hole Quencher-1 (BHQ1) reporter, while Fluorescein Isothiocyanate (FITC)-12N-Biotin enabled visual detection on lateral flow strips. The method was tested for its ability to detect various T. gondii genotypes and related parasites, assessing its specificity and broad-spectrum applicability. It was further applied to real-world environmental samples to evaluate its practicality.

Results
The LAMP-CRISPR/Cas12b method exhibited high specificity and broad-spectrum detection capability, successfully identifying nine T. gondii genotypes and distinguishing them from 11 other parasitic species. Sensitivity testing at both molecular (plasmid) and practical (oocyst) levels showed detection limits of 10 copies/μL and 0.1 oocyst, respectively. When applied to 112 environmental samples (soil, water, and cat feces), the method demonstrated 100% sensitivity, accurately reflecting known infection rates.

Conclusions
This LAMP-CRISPR/Cas12b single-tube method offers a robust, innovative approach for monitoring zoonotic T. gondii in environmental samples, with significant implications for public health surveillance.

Graphical Abstract
Enhancing the outcomes of bariatric surgery with inhibitory control training, electrical brain stimulation and psychosocial aftercare: a pilot study protocol
Authors: Rösch Sarah A. , Wünsche Lennart , Thiele Carsten , Reinstaller Therese , Zähle Tino , Schag Kathrin , Giel Katrin E. , Plewnia Christian , Steiner Johann , Junne Florian 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Notwithstanding the documented short- and long-term weight loss and remission of physical and mental diseases following bariatric surgery, a significant proportion of patients fail to respond (fully) to treatment in terms of physical and mental health improvement. Mounting evidence links food-specific impulsivity, prefrontal cortex (PFC) hypoactivity and disrupted hormone secretion in bariatric surgery candidates to poorer post-surgical health outcomes. Neuromodulatory treatments like transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) uniquely target these neurobehavioral impairments. We present a pilot study protocol offering tDCS combined with an inhibitory control training and a structured psychosocial intervention to patients after bariatric surgery.

Methods
A total of N = 20 patients are randomized to 6 sessions of verum or sham tDCS over the PFC, combined with an individualized food-specific inhibitory control training and a structured psychosocial intervention within 18 months after bariatric surgery (t0). Beyond acceptability, feasibility and satisfaction of the intervention, effects of verum versus sham tDCS on food-specific impulsivity and on secondary outcomes quality of life, general impulsivity and psychopathology, food-related cravings, eating disorder psychopathology, weight trajectory and endocrine markers are assessed 4 weeks (t1) and 3 months after the intervention (t2).

Discussion
Results will provide information on the potential of combining tDCS with an inhibitory control training and a structured psychosocial intervention to enhance physical and mental outcomes after bariatric surgery. The present study may guide the development of future research with regard to tDCS as a brain-based intervention and of future post-surgical clinical programs, paving the way for randomized-controlled trials in larger samples.

Trial registration
The trial was prospectively registered on July 8, 2024, under the registration number DRKS00034620 in the German Clinical Trials Register (https://drks.de/search/de/trial/DRKS00034620).
Mapping cultural diversity conservation networks to enhance cultural sustainability in rural Southwest China
Authors: Li Hui , Gao Mengyao , Zhang Yue , Zhou Zhengxu 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Cultural diversity conservation is crucial for global sustainability, especially in rural areas facing challenges such as shrinking settlements and integration into nature reserves. However, existing research lacks discussion on how to establish cultural diversity conservation areas while considering the trade-offs with nature reserves. To address this gap, we employ the SCP method to develop a planning framework that balances ecosystem service benefits for nature conservation with the effectiveness of cultural diversity conservation, applied in rural Southwest China. Our findings indicate that overly ambitious or conservative conservation goals hinder cultural diversity conservation, whereas a value-based scenario enhances conservation effectiveness and reduces conflicts with rural natural ecosystems. We propose rural cultural diversity conservation networks comprising 9 cultural diversity areas, 33 core conservation areas, and 233 subcatchments. Compared with existing systems, our new conservation networks improve effectiveness by 29.62% and reduce the impact on the ecosystem service benefits of ecological conservation by 23.65%. These findings provide guidance for global cultural diversity conservation planning and sustainable development across various regions and scales.
Three-dimensional finite element analysis of maxillary molar distalization treated with clear aligners combined with different traction methods
Authors: Gao Hongyu , Luo Liangyu , Liu Jun 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to analyze the effects of maxillary molar distalization using clear aligners with different intramaxillary and intermaxillary traction via the three-dimensional (3D) finite element method.

Methods
A 3D finite element model consisting of the maxilla, mandible, dentitions, periodontal ligaments (PDLs), attachments, and clear aligners was constructed. Five groups were established based on different traction modalities: group 1 (control group); group 2 (orthodontic mini-implants (OMIs) were implanted between the maxillary first molars and the second premolars on the buccal side); group 3 (OMIs were implanted in the infrazygomatic crest area between the maxillary first and second molars on the buccal side); group 4 (OMIs were implanted between the maxillary first molars and the second premolars on the palatal side); and group 5 (class II elastics were utilized between the maxillary canines and the mandibular first molars). OMIs were implanted 4 mm away from the alveolar crest in each experimental group. A force of 1.5 N was applied to each experimental group. The 3D displacement of the target teeth and stress distribution around the PDLs were analyzed.

Results
Group 4 exhibited the least amount of torque change in the upper anterior teeth and the highest displacement of the maxillary second molars. Group 3 showed smaller changes in anterior teeth torque and higher molar distalization efficiency compared to group 2. Group 5 showed adverse effects such as anterior teeth extrusion and mandibular anchorage loss.

Conclusion
OMIs implanted on the palatal side have advantages in preserving anterior teeth anchorage and improving the efficiency of molar distalization compared to those positioned on the buccal side. OMIs implanted in the infrazygomatic crest area between the first and second molars on the buccal side demonstrate benefits in the aforementioned aspects when compared to OMIs implanted between the first molars and the second premolars on the buccal side.
A systematic review of literature reviews on artificial intelligence in education (AIED): a roadmap to a future research agenda
Authors: Mustafa Muhammad Yasir , Tlili Ahmed , Lampropoulos Georgios , Huang Ronghuai , Jandrić Petar , Zhao Jialu , Salha Soheil , Xu Lin , Panda Santosh , Kinshuk  , López-Pernas Sonsoles , Saqr Mohammed 
Published: December 2024

AbstractDespite the increased adoption of Artificial Intelligence in Education (AIED), several concerns are still associated with it. This has motivated researchers to conduct (systematic) reviews aiming at synthesizing the AIED findings in the literature. However, these AIED reviews are diversified in terms of focus, stakeholders, educational level and region, and so on. This has made the understanding of the overall landscape of AIED challenging. To address this research gap, this study proceeds one step forward by systematically meta-synthesizing the AIED literature reviews. Specifically, 143 literature reviews were included and analyzed according to the technology-based learning model. It is worth noting that most of the AIED research has been from China and the U.S. Additionally, when discussing AIED, strong focus was on higher education, where less attention is paid to special education. The results also reveal that AI is used mostly to support teachers and students in education with less focus on other educational stakeholders (e.g. school leaders or administrators). The study provides a possible roadmap for future research agenda on AIED, facilitating the implementation of effective and safe AIED.
Metaphoric interventions for challenging irrational thoughts and attitudes in substance use disorders
Authors: Mohamed Hosnia Shehata , Hamad Manal Abo Elial Abo elkiat , Ahmed Gellan K. , Hassan Shymaa Mohammed Sayed 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Substance use disorders are often accompanied by irrational beliefs and unfavorable attitudes that contribute to their development and persistence. Metaphor therapy, utilizing stories and imagery, has emerged as a potential intervention to reshape thoughts. This study aimed to investigate the impact of metaphor therapy on irrational beliefs and attitudes among individuals with substance use disorders. A quasi-experimental study was conducted at Assiut University Hospital’s substance use inpatient unit from April to December 2023. A non-probability purposive sample of 115 individuals with substance use disorders was selected but only 100 were recruited and randomly assigned to study and control groups. The study group (n = 50) received six 90-min group metaphor therapy sessions over 6 months, while the control group (n = 50) received no intervention. Irrational beliefs and attitudes toward substance use were assessed using the Irrational Beliefs Scale and Attitude Toward Substance Abuse Questionnaire at pre-treatment, post-treatment, and follow-up.

Results
The metaphor therapy group demonstrated significant decreases in mean irrational belief subscale and total scores at post-treatment and follow-up compared to pre-treatment. Additionally, this group exhibited higher mean attitude scores, indicating more negative attitudes (rejection of substance use) during post-treatment and follow-up assessments. No significant changes were observed in the control group.

Conclusions
Metaphor therapy was effective in reducing irrational beliefs and fostering more favorable attitudes toward substance use among individuals with substance use disorders. The finding suggests metaphor therapy could be a valuable intervention for addressing cognitive and attitudinal factors contributing to substance use.
Mammographic parameters as predictors of molecular subtype of breast cancer: a prospective analysis
Authors: Rana Nidhi , Thakur Shruti , Thakur Vijay , Chauhan Arun , Gulati Anchana , Makhaik Sushma 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
The prevalence of breast cancer is increasing globally and its early detection is the need of hour for giving the patient a long disease-free meaningful life. The latest management regimes depend upon the biological behavior of the breast cancer that itself relies upon expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (Her 2) neu status for its molecular subtyping.

Aim
To determine the predictive value of mammographic parameters in identifying the estrogen and progesterone hormone receptor status, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (Her 2) neu expression and molecular subtypes of breast cancer.

Methods
A prospective observational study was conducted from January 2021 to September 2022 in a tertiary care institute. The study enrolled 51 females with histopathologically proven invasive breast carcinoma. The patients underwent digital mammography followed by tissue biopsy. Mammographic parameters were based on Breast Imaging-Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) imaging features. The molecular subtypes of breast cancer were grouped into four subtypes based on St. Gallen International Expert Consensus Panel 2013. The mammographic features were then statistically correlated with molecular subtypes of breast cancer.

Results
Luminal type A was the most common molecular subtype in our study [ 17 (33.33%)] followed by triple negative type [10(19.61%)]. Tumors with non-circumscribed margins were predicted to be Luminal A or Luminal B subtype (p value < 0.02). Tumor with microcalcification was strongly predicted to be Her 2 subtype with a statistically significant association (p value < 0.001). Circumscribed tumors with absence of microcalcification were predicted to be triple-negative type of breast cancer.

Conclusions
Key features in mammography were significantly associated with breast cancer molecular subtypes. Knowledge of such correlations could help clinicians stratify breast cancer patients according to their likely molecular subtypes, potentially enabling earlier, more effective treatment or aiding in therapeutic decisions in countries where immunohistochemical (IHC) hormone receptor and Her 2 testing is not readily available.
Improved integral neural distinguisher model for lightweight cipher PRESENT
Authors: Wu Wanqing , Guo Mingyu 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPRESENT is a lightweight block cipher, which has attracted many scholars to research its security. In 2022, Zahednejad et al. proposed the integral neural distinguisher on round-reduced PRESENT. In this paper, a new integral neural distinguisher for PRESENT is constructed. In contrast to Zahednejad’s works, the proposed integral neural distinguisher can improve the number of attack rounds in one round. This paper proposes a new data format ($$invP_{0}^{n},invP_{1}^{n},\ldots ,invP_{15}^{n},invS_{0}^{n},invS_{1}^{n},\ldots ,invS_{15}^{n}$$

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), which can exposes more features of PRESENT previous round ciphertext. Simultaneously, this paper incorporates MBConv module into the convolutional layers of DenseNet, which enable the neural network to identify a greater variety of features in ciphertext. The data format of the paper is analysed. The results of the analysis show that the data format in this paper is able to identify more features compared to Zahednejad’s data format. Further to this, experiments are performed on PRESENT using the integral neural distinguisher in this paper. The experimental results show that the changes make to the neural network and data format have improved the accuracy of distinguishers. Finally, key recovery attacks are conducted on the integral neural distinguishers of SmallPresent-(8) to demonstrate the efficacy of the distinguisher proposed in this paper. The results demonstrate that the key recovery success rates for 5-round and 6-round are 98% and 90%, considering error bits within a range of two bits.
A novel approach for risk assessment optimization in big data platforms using SMT solvers
Authors: Saif Sherif M. , AbdElSamea Amany 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBig Data platforms store vast amounts of information, necessitating robust security measures, including risk-based approaches. Risk assessment, a key part of Information Security Management Systems (ISMS), involves evaluating threats, vulnerabilities, and documenting risks through risk registers. Organizations face the challenge of allocating resources effectively to implement controls that mitigate these risks. This involves calculating risk scores before and after control implementation and prioritizing them—an NP-Complete (Nondeterministic Polynomial-time Complete) problem. This paper presents a mathematical model for solving this using the Z3 Satisfiability Modulo Theories (SMT) solver. The model enables risk-based planning for security implementation in big data platforms. The results demonstrate the feasibility of the approach, with the system processing up to 11 risks (almost 40 million permutations) efficiently, compared to brute force methods, which struggle beyond six risks (720 permutations).