bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cell cycle analysis of MDA-MB-157 and APC knockdown cells
Authors: Brown Jamie , Astarita Emily , Hoover Camden , Prosperi Jenifer R. 
Published: October 2019

Background and Hypothesis: A majority of sporadic breast cancers include deficits in the expression of Adenomatous Polyposis Coli (APC), a tumor suppressor. Deficits in APC are more common in patients with TNBC (triple negative breast cancer), which is also a cancer prone to chemotherapy resistance. The Prosperi lab previously found that APC knockdown cells (APCKD) were resistant to Paclitaxel (PTX). We hypothesize that APCKD cells are resistant to PTX treatment through avoidance of G2/M arrest. This summer, my goal was to investigate the mechanism by which PTX works to arrest the cell cycle at G2/M.
Experimental Design or Project Methods:
Cell Synchronization: To synchronize MDA-MB-157 and APCKD cells, we first tried serum starvation for 24-72 hours. Second, we tried synchronizing the cells using a double thymidine block as described (Bostock, 1971). In either protocol, cells were then stained with Propidium Iodide (PI) and flow cytometry was performed. Paclitaxel (PTX) treatment and cell cycle analysis: MDA-MB-157 and APCKD cells were grown to confluency and then treated with 0.078µM PTX for 12, 24, and 48 hours. Cells were stained with PI and flow cytometry was performed.
Results:
Cell synchronization: APCKD cells cells have an increased cell population in the G2/M phase than the parental cells after serum starvation. Importantly, APC knockdown cells are not impacted by serum starvation up to 72 hours. Additionally, a double thymidine block is insufficient to synchronize MDA-MB-157 and APCKD cells. A double thymidine block did shorten the S phase and move MDA-MB-157 and APCKD cells closer to G0-G1 arrest, but did not synchronize. Paclitaxel (PTX) treatment and cell cycle analysis: MDA-MB-157 and APCKD cells treated for longer intervals experienced more cell death and were further arrested in G2/M.
Conclusion and Potential Impact: We learned that MDA-MB-157 and APCKD cannot be easily synchronized using serum starving or a double thymidine block. Future investigations will require alternative methods of synchronization or will proceed without synchronization. Furthermore, APCKD cells do not avoid G2/M arrest when treated with Paclitaxel, indicating a different mechanism of PTX resistance.
Rapid Identification of Large Vessel Occlusion Stroke Subtype in the PreHospital Setting
Authors: Torolira, B.S. Daniel , Brown, M.D. Sara , Chang, M.D. Fen-Lei 
Published: October 2019

Background and Hypothesis: Stroke treatment is highly time-sensitive, with an estimated 1.9 million neurons dying per minute during an untreated ischemic stroke. The recent advent of mechanical thrombectomy (MT) and its illustrated safety and efficacy in treating large vessel occlusion (LVO) strokes has generated a need to rapidly identify LVO patients who may otherwise be brought to the nearest hospital, which may not have the capability to perform the procedure. Accurate identification of LVO in the pre-hospital setting would allow immediate EMS transport to an MTcapable Comprehensive Stroke Center, thus reducing time-to-treatment and improving patient outcome. While various grading scales, such as the C-STAT, have been developed for this purpose, all have shown to lack sensitivity and specificity for accurate LVO determination. We hypothesize that a new scale combining common LVO presentations as positive values and those of other stroke subtypes, such as small vessel occlusion (SVO) and cardioembolic stroke (CE), as negative values will increase the accuracy of LVO determination.
Methods: This is a retrospective chart review analysis of 86 patients evaluated for stroke between January 2017-May 2018 at the Parkview Regional Medical Center with imaging confirmed LVO, SVO or CE diagnoses.
Results: C-STAT stroke scale had a sensitivity of 54.5% and a specificity of 86.7% in differentiating LVO from other stroke subtypes. Compared to C-STAT, our new model showed a significantly higher sensitivity of 81.8% (p=0.0038) and a nonsignificant decreased specificity of 75.0% (p=0.061).
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that our new scale combining common clinical presentations in LVO stroke patients as positive predictor values and those in SVO and CE stroke patients as negative predictor values may allow for a more accurate determination of LVO stroke in the pre-hospital setting without significant delay. A prospective, larger patient cohort in a pre-hospital setting is needed to validate these findings.
Endoscopic exploratory tympanotomy in cases of conductive hearing loss with intact tympanic membrane: our experience
Authors: Govindan Shankar Bettadapura , Chandrashekar Yogeshwar 
Published: October 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Determining the cause of conductive hearing loss with an intact tympanic membrane has been a challenge for the otologists for over decades<strong>. </strong>The aim of this study is to ascertain the usefulness of endoscopes to study the various middle ear pathologies on performing endoscopic exploratory tympanotomy.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A retrospective analysis of various pathologies encountered in the middle ear in 88 patients who underwent endoscopic exploratory tympanotomy done over a study period of 3.5 years (January 2015 to June 2018). </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> In our study, age of the patients ranged from 14 to 50 years with a mean age of 32 years. Most common finding on exploration was otosclerosis in 59 patients followed by revision stapedotomy in 12 patients. 5 patients had normal middle ear findings with all ossicles intact and mobile while other pathologies encountered were tympanosclerosis (4.6%), biscuit foot plate (2.3%), mucosal bands (3.4%) and middle ear developmental anomalies (3.4%).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> On exploring the middle ear<strong> </strong>knowing the various aetiologies helps in better preoperative counseling of the patients for the outcome of surgery. Endoscopic approach for exploratory tympanotomy has the benefit of excellent resolution with higher magnification and wider panoramic view of middle ear anatomy.</p><p> </p>
Reconstrucción de una teoría politológica, el Sufragio Activo Meritocrático
Authors: Velasco Antonio 
Published: October 2019

Se presenta una reconstrucción no formal de la teoría del Sufragio Activo Meritocrático, el cual consiste en la propuesta del voto plural en comunidades locales, con base en el mérito político, según la prosocialidad de la participación política local. El método se basa en la metateoría estructuralista, adaptada al análisis de teorías de ciencias humanas. Se reconstruyeron la red intrateórica e interteórica de la teoría, y se efectuó una crítica a ésta sobre la base de su ajuste al contexto social. Se concluye que la teoría analizada está bien fundamentada, aunque amerita de desarrollo adecuado para su operacionalización y aplicación.
Intraoperative Usage of Blood Products in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery on Cardiopulmonary Bypass
Authors: Phokontsi Charity , Muteba Michel Kasongo , Motshabi-Chakane Palesa 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackground: Transfusion of blood products is increasingly recognised as an independent predictor of poor outcome after cardiac surgery. The aim of this study was to audit blood transfusion usage in a cardiothoracic unit at a tertiary academic centre, as part of a plan to establish a blood-conservation protocol.Methods: A descriptive, retrospective audit. A consecutive convenience sampling method was used. One hundred and twenty-two adult patients who underwent their first elective cardiac surgery on cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) were enrolled.Results: The mean age of the population studied was 46.7 (16.2) years. Patients were predominantly male (60.7%). The mean (standard deviation) body mass index was 21.4 (5.6) kg/m2. Preoperative haemoglobin (Hb) and platelet counts were 12.8 (2.3) g/dl and 274.4 (121.9) 109/l, respectively. Following a clear fluid prime CPB technique, with a median [interquartile range (IQR)] priming volume of 1500 (1000–2000) ml, the first Hb measured on CPB was 8.9 (1.6) g/dl. Overall, 110 (90.2%) patients received donor blood products. Eighty-five (77.3%) patients received red blood cells (RBCs), 103 (93.6%) fresh frozen plasma (FFP) and 35 (31.8%) platelet transfusion. A total of 255 RBC, 225 FFP and 37 platelet units were transfused. Cell salvage technique was used in 94 (77.0%) patients. The median (IQR) volume of salvaged blood was 535 (250–754) ml.Conclusion: A high rate of homologous blood product transfusion was found in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Lack of institution-specific guidelines, point-of-care devices and use of higher Hb thresholds before initiating blood product transfusions contributed to high rate of transfusions.
A survey on the use of humanoid robots in primary education: Prospects, research challenges and future research directions
Authors: Tuna Gurkan , Tuna Ayse , Ahmetoglu Emine , Kuscu Hilmi 
Published: October 2019

In parallel with the significant and exciting advancements in robot technologies, the use of humanoid robots to support teaching strategies and learning goals has become a popular topic. Different from the traditional instructional or learning tools, humanoid robots can exhibit mobile behaviours and numerous repetitions and are very helpful to the students in developing problem-solving and collaboration abilities. Presently, the roles of humanoid robots in classrooms fall into four main categories: learning materials, learning companions, teaching assistants and communication mediators to support group learning, respectively. With the humanoid appearance, anthropomorphism, interaction, flexibility, repeatability and digital data representation, humanoid robots have great potential to be useful especially in preschool and primary school education. In this paper, limitations and challenges of the use of humanoid robots as teaching assistants are presented in addition to exploring the relationship between humanoid robots and performance in learning.
Keywords: Humanoid robot, teaching, social interaction, learning tool, assisted learning.
Self-esteem of high school students: A structural equation modelling analysis
Authors: Atmaca Taner , Ozen Hamit 
Published: October 2019

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of the parentsâ€™ success pressure, academic stress and fear of negative evaluation on high school studentsâ€™ self-esteem. The relationships between self-esteem and parentâ€™s pressure for academic success, fear of negative evaluation and academic stress on high school students were investigated employing structural equation modelling. The data were collected from 499 students studying at an Anatolian high school in Duzce province with purposeful sampling method. The characteristic of this school is a project school with successful students who get the highest score in the High School Entrance Examination. The result demonstrates that parental pressure for academic achievement on students and associated academic stress increase studentsâ€™ fear of being evaluated negatively at school, which in turn affects studentsâ€™ self-esteem. The fear of negative evaluation is a partial mediator between parental pressure and self-esteem, and full mediation between academic stress and self-esteem.
Keywords: Parent pressure; fear of negative evaluation; academic stress; self-esteem, high school.
Views of parents regarding the services provided to the students with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Authors: Ilik Serife Senay 
Published: October 2019

This study adopted a descriptive survey method to investigate the views of parents on education and healthcare services provided to the children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and help them explain their views in their own words. The sample was composed of 25 parents of children diagnosed with ADHD, who were attending primary schools in Konya city center. A semi-structured interview form was used for parent interviews. The data were analysed through content analysis. The results revealed that according to the parentsâ€™ views, the service provided to the children mostly included either healthcare or education services, but a very little number of children received both services. The great majority of the families stated that the medicines that their children were prescribed increased their attention; however, negatively affected their social development. The parents expressed their opinion that a training programme for parents should be arranged and multimodal interventions should be provided.
Keywords: Education, healthcare, attention deficit, hyperactivity disorder.
Sistem Pemeliharaan Anjing dan Tingkat Pemahaman Rabies Masyarakat Desa yang belum Tertular Rabies di Kabupaten Gianyar, Bali
Authors: Suwartama Beny , Batan I Wayan , Agustina I Kadek Karang 
Published: October 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui persentase dan hubungan antara faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi sistem pemeliharaan dan tingkat pemahaman masyarakat mengenai rabies di Kabupaten Gianyar. Terdapat 14 desa yang belum dilaporkan kejadian rabies di Kabupaten Gianyar, nanti di setiap desa akan disebar 10 kuisioner kepada masyarakat pemilik anjing. Data hasil wawancara dianalisis menggunakan analisis deskriptif kuanttitatif dan dilakukan pemetaan faktor resiko rabies di masing-masing desa yang belum dilaporkan kejadian rabies di Kabupaten Gianyar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem pemeliharaan anjing yang baik di Kabupaten Gianyar berhubungan dengan kondisi pemeliharaan anjng (98,6%); tidak memelihara HPR (95%); pemberian pakan lebih dari sekali (95%); status vaksinasi rabies (91,4%); dan jumlah anjing yang dipelihara tidak lebih dari satu ekor (58,6%). Sistem pemeliharaan anjing yang kurang baik berhubungan dengan pemberian pakan sisa/racikan (96,4%); anjing yang tidak di sterilisasi (91,4%); tidak pernah melakukan pemeriksaan kesehatan pada anjing (80%); kontak dengan anjing lain (79,3%); dan pemeliharaan anjing dengan dilepas (76,4%). Tingkat pemahaman masyarakat Kabupaten Gianyar yang baik berhubungan dengan tidak ditemukannya gejala rabies di desa yang belum dilaporkan kejadian rabies (98,6%); mobilitas anjing (97,1%); pemahaman mengenai bahaya rabies (89,3%); mengetahui ciri-ciri rabies pada anjing (77,1%); dan asal anjing (56,4%). Tingkat pemahaman masyarakat yang kurang baik berhubungan dengan belum adanya aturan desa mengenai pencegahan rabies (100%); belum pernah mengikuti penyuluhan rabies (89,3%); cara memperoleh anjing (87,1%); dan aturan desa atau awig-awig (85,7%). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa sistem pemeliharaan anjing dan tingkat pemahaman masyarakat mengenai penyakit rabies di Kabupaten Gianyar tergolong baik.
Sinergi Bioaktivitas Daun Tapakdara (Chatarantus Roseus) dan Pegagan (Centella Asiatica) terhadap Proses Penyembuhan Luka Insisi pada Anjing Kintamani
Authors: Dada Ketut Anom , Jayawardhita Anak Agung Gde 
Published: October 2019

Obat herbal masih banyak digunakan masyarakat untuk mengobati beberapa penyakit terutama di negara-negara berkembang. Hal ini karena secara budaya mudah diterima dan rendahnya efek samping yang ditimbulkan. Tanaman tapakdara (Cantharantus roseus) dan pegagan (Centella asiatica) merupakan tanaman obat yang terbukti secara empiris dapat digunakan sebagai obat gangguan pada kulit seperti dermatitis, eksim, jerawat, luka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi sinergi bioaktivitas ekstrak daun tapakdara dan pegagan dalam proses kesembuhan luka. Hewan coba yang digunakan adalah tikus Wistar sebagai model pengganti anjing kintamani yang dibagi menjadi empat perlakuan yang masing-masing terdiri dari 6 ekor. Masing-masing tikus dibuat luka insisi. Perlakuan I sebagai kontrol normal diberikan salep oxytetrasiklin 3% secara topical sebagai plasebo; Perlakuan II diberikan secara topikal ekstrak daun tapakdara konsentrasi 15% dalam vaselin; Perlakuan III diberikan secara topikal ekstrak daun pegagan konsentrasi 15% dalam vaselin; dan Perlakuan IV merupakan perlakuan kombinasi yang diberikan secara topikal ekstrak daun tapakdara dan pegagan. Sebagai tolak ukur proses penyembuhan luka adalah waktu epitelisasi, angiogenesis, perkembangan kolagen pada jaringan serta ephitelisasi. Data yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisis menggunakan metode Kruskal Wallis, untuk mengetahui perbedaan yang signifikan diuji dengan Mann-Whitney U test. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan pengamatan secara makroskopis menunjukkan bahwa pemberian salep oxytetrasiklin 3% memberikan kesembuhan paling cepat disusul tapakdara, kombinasi tapakdara dengan pegagan, terakhir pegagan. Tetapi secara mikroskopis pengobatan dengan pemberian kombinasi pegagan dan tapakdara memberikan kesembuhan yang hampir sama dengan oxytetrasiklin 3%. Hal ini menujukkan kombinasi ektrak tapakdara dan pegagan dengan konsentrasi 15% dalam vaselin terjadi sinergi dalam proses penyembuhan luka pada tikus Wistar
Évolution de l’usage des antibiotiques en filières bovins lait et bovins viande : état d’avancement et perspectives
Authors: DAVID Valérie , BEAUGRAND Florence , GAY Emilie , BASTIEN Jacqueline , DUCROT Christian 
Published: October 2019

Cet article présente les actions récentes conduites en France pour réduire l’usage des antibiotiques en filières bovines dans le cadre du plan EcoAntibio. Les données sur la vente et l’usage d’antibiotiques montrent une diminution globale au fil des années, et notamment pour les antibiotiques critiques, différente selon les filières. Les différents partenaires de l’élevage se sont mobilisés pour agir chacun à son niveau et de manière coordonnée pour contribuer à une rationalisation des usages d’antibiotiques. Sont notamment présentées les actions conduites pour promouvoir la biosécurité dans les élevages, l’évolution de certaines pratiques d’élevage et de conseil, l’amélioration des bâtiments d’élevage et la vaccination. Concernant les pratiques vétérinaires, des évolutions réglementaires ont été mises en œuvre ; la profession vétérinaire les a accompagnées de recommandations précises en matière de prescription antibiotique. L’utilisation des alternatives thérapeutiques est évoquée, avec ses limites, difficultés et contraintes réglementaires. Divers résultats issus des sciences humaines et sociales sont aussi abordés, concernant les points de vue et représentations des acteurs sur l’usage des antibiotiques, les conditions d’une diminution d’usage dans les élevages, les difficultés rencontrées quand différents acteurs sont impliqués. Diverses perspectives sont proposées, d’ordre technique, sociologique et organisationnel.
Les productions animales dans la bioéconomie
Authors: DOURMAD Jean-Yves , GUILBAUD Thomas , TICHIT † Muriel , BONAUDO Thierry 
Published: October 2019

La bioéconomie se définit comme l’ensemble des activités liées à la production, l’utilisation et la transformation de bioressources pour répondre de façon durable aux besoins alimentaires et à une partie des besoins en énergie et en matériaux de la société, tout en préservant les ressources naturelles et en garantissant la production de services environnementaux. Dans cet article nous décrivons et quantifions les différents flux de bioressources associés aux activités d'élevage. À l'échelle nationale, les systèmes d'élevage sont les principaux utilisateurs de bioressources (113 Mt) et de surfaces agricoles (55 %), pour l'alimentation des animaux. Ils contribuent largement aux apports alimentaires de l'Homme, principalement en protéines (60 %), lipides (40 %), minéraux et vitamines. Par leur utilisation des surfaces agricoles et la production d'effluents organiques ils contribuent également à la fourniture de services écosystémiques, comme la biodiversité et la fertilité des sols. Les effluents d'élevages représentent environ 19,4 Mt de matière organique correspondant à un potentiel de production de méthane équivalent à 45 TWh d'énergie primaire, très peu valorisé pour le moment. De par son importance, l’élevage constitue donc un facteur majeur d’équilibre ou de perturbation des cycles biogéochimiques, des services écosystémiques et de la biodiversité. Il existe des marges importantes de progrès pour accroitre sa contribution à la couverture des besoins humains et mieux boucler les cycles de matières, en améliorant l’autonomie, en économisant des intrants et en diminuant les pertes vers l’environnement. Dans cette perspective, nous discutons les défis et les opportunités d'une meilleure intégration de l'élevage dans la bioéconomie circulaire.
Quelle place pour les produits animaux dans l’alimentation de demain ?
Authors: RÉMOND Didier 
Published: October 2019

L’image de l’élevage et des produits alimentaires d’origine animale n’a cessé de se dégrader suite aux crises sanitaires successives, aux problèmes de pollution, et plus récemment à la dénonciation de pratiques d’élevage et d’abattage ne respectant pas le bien-être animal. En réponse à cette détérioration d’image, des modes de consommation « alternatifs » se développent, allant du flexitarisme au végétalisme. Il faut cependant rappeler que sur le plan nutritionnel, en raison de la qualité de leur apport en protéines et minéraux (calcium, fer, zinc), et de leur spécificité dans l’apport en vitamine B12 et en acides gras polyinsaturés à longue chaine, la présence de produits animaux dans l’alimentation garantit une couverture optimale des besoins de notre organisme. Bien que souvent attaqués sur le plan de la santé, il faut également rappeler que les études épidémiologiques ne mettent pas en évidence d’effet négatif de leur consommation lorsque celle-ci est modérée (moins de 50 % de l’apport protéique journalier, moins de 500 g de viande rouge par semaine). Il est clair cependant que dans les pays occidentaux, une consommation excessive de produits animaux a pu déséquilibrer l’alimentation et favoriser l’émergence de pathologies non transmissibles. Aussi, pour les gros consommateurs de produits animaux, une réduction de consommation s’impose. Celle-ci entrainerait une importante réduction (– 30 %) de l’impact environnemental des productions animales. Un élevage respectueux des animaux, minimisant les émissions de gaz à effet de serre et les rejets azotés et maximisant l’utilisation de produits végétaux non consommables par l’Homme, associé à une consommation humaine raisonnable, garantira le maintien des produits animaux dans l’alimentation de demain.