bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermal imaging as a diagnostic tool for superficial venous insufficiency – a systematic review
Authors: Salih Marwah , Salih Sarah , Turner Benedict R H , Onida Sarah , Davies Alun H 
Published: November 2024

Objectives Evaluation of the literature assessing the use of thermography, a non-invasive imaging modality that detects pathological temperature variation, in recognising superficial venous insufficiency (SVI). Methods A systematic review was conducted according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Articles were screened by two individuals and data was subsequently extracted. Methodological quality was assessed with Cochrane’s risk of bias tool. Results Four studies comprising 363 patients were included. Three studies identified increased temperature uptake in veins with incompetent valves on venous duplex ( p < .05). One study reported sensitivity and specificity of thermal imaging in SVI as 98.30% (95% CI, 95.2%–99.4%) and 100% (95% CI 85.7%–100%) respectively. Conclusion Thermal imaging could act as a screening tool in SVI. This review highlights a lack of high-quality prospective studies evaluating the role of thermal imaging as a diagnostic tool that could expedite the assessment of patients.
Barriers to opioid use in the Arab world
Authors: Salmany Sewar , Hammoudeh Suzan , Al-Khrabsheh Asma , Jaddoua Saad , Shamieh Omar , Treish Imad 
Published: November 2024

Background The Arab world consists of 22 countries, representing 5.5% of the world's population. Morphine consumption accounts for less than 1% of the world's consumption. This is the first study to identify barriers to opioid use in the Arab world. Aim This study aimed to investigate the barriers to opioid use in pain management in the Arab world. Method Online survey was developed to investigate barriers to governance, prescribing, distributing, dispensing and administering, as well as educational barriers in the Arab world. The questionnaire was sent via email and a mobile app to one expert physician in pain management and one licensed pharmacist from each Arab country. Results With the exception of Tunisia, Djibouti and Comoros, 34(77%) participants from 19 Arab countries answered the survey. Most countries lack local opioid production, necessitate special licenses for physicians, and restrict opioid prescribing to medical specialists. Special prescription forms are mandated, and pharmacists lack the authority to correct prescription errors or accept refill or verbal orders on opioids. Storage requirements for empty ampoules and prescriptions are enforced. Nurses are not allowed to carry opioids during home visits, and only first degree relatives can collect opioids for patients. Furthermore, the integration of palliative care and pain management curricula into pharmacies and medical schools is lacking. Conclusion There is a wide range of regulatory and other barriers to opioid use in the Arab world. There is a substantial need for regulatory review and reform, as well as for educational initiatives, in most Arab countries.
Diabetes Device Satisfaction Among Adolescents Living With Type 1 Diabetes and Their Parents
Authors: Wong Jessie J. , Alamarie Selma A. , Hanes Sarah J. , Flores Haley , Ngo Jessica , Schneider-Utaka Aika K. , Hood Korey K. 
Published: November 2024

Background: Diabetes technologies are valuable tools to reduce burden and enhance glycemic control, especially during adolescence. The current study sought to understand the factors associated with parent and adolescent diabetes device satisfaction. Methods: This study used cross-sectional data from 175 adolescents living with type 1 diabetes and 176 parents. Adolescent ages ranged from 12 to 19 (Mage=14.7, SD=1.89) and were balanced by gender (48% male). Kendall’s W examined concordance between parent and adolescent satisfaction and bivariate correlations and paired t-tests identified correlates of satisfaction. Results: There was low concordance (Kendall’s W = 0.13) between parent and adolescent device satisfaction. Automated insulin delivery (AID) use (vs non-use) was related to higher satisfaction for adolescents (4.52 [0.71] vs 4.20 [0.87], P = .008) and parents (4.25 [0.82] vs 3.71 [0.90], P < .001). Pump use was not significantly related. Parent satisfaction was correlated with hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c; R = −0.301, P < .001), percent time-in-range (R = 0.214, P = .007), and percent time-above-range (R = −0.193, P = .015). Adolescent satisfaction was unrelated to glycemic measures. Adolescent and parent satisfaction were both related to better psychosocial functioning. Significant associations between AID use, psychosocial functioning, and glycemic control and device satisfaction remained after accounting for one another. Demographic correlates were non-significant. Conclusions: Adolescents and their parents have discrepant levels of satisfaction with devices. Although both adolescent and parent satisfaction are linked to use of automated technology and better psychosocial functioning, only parent satisfaction is associated with glycemia. This pattern suggests adolescents and parents hold varying priorities when it comes to device use. Acknowledging and addressing these differences may enhance the uptake and continued use of devices.
The Impact of the Introduction of the Additional Roles Reimbursement Scheme on the General Practice Nursing Workforce in England
Authors: Leary Alison , Punshon Geoffrey , Hack Angie , Bushe Dave , Oldman Crystal 
Published: November 2024

Introduction/Objectives: To understand the impact of introducing Additional Roles Reimbursement Scheme (ARRS) on the General Practice Nurse (GPN) workforce. A workforce/people impact assessment designed as a cross-sectional survey of a stratified sample of 900 GPN on the Queen’s Nursing Institute mailing list. Method: A workforce/people impact assessment was designed based on the UKCS 2014 piloted and distributed as a cross-sectional survey via a survey platform. This included questions on level of impact, kind of impact and perception of prior engagement. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and content analysis. Results: The survey consisted of 21 questions (531 responses, response rate of 60%). ARRS deployment appears to have impacted the GPN workforce in several ways. There was positive impact on workloads from ARRS roles working in original scope, for example pharmacists medicine reviews. However, any benefit was offset by the increased workloads created by those new to general practice and/or working outside of traditional scope. This ranged from a lack of resources to provide the support those new to primary care require to practice safely, the expectations of others-that GPN will fill the gap in support and teaching to GPN directly safety netting the work of others. There was a lack of consultation regarding a major workforce change, leading to feelings of devaluation. There are some significant equity issues highlighted particularly around pay and opportunity. Conclusion: The introduction of ARRS has had some positive but mostly negative impact on the workload and introduced pay inequity issues on GPN.
Magseed preoperative localization in non-palpable breast lesions: Our single-center Breast Unit experience
Authors: Carriero Serena , Cristina Grasso Maria , Albera Marco , Clelia Lucia Gambaro Anna , Stecco Alessandro , Groenhoff Léon 
Published: November 2024

Background: This retrospective study aimed to evaluate our single-center experience with Magseed as a pre-operative localization system in a cohort of 47 patients with non-palpable breast lesions. Design and methods: Forty-seven patients with non-palpable breast lesions, who underwent Magseed pre-operative localization followed by breast-conserving surgery between November 2022 and June 2024 at our Breast Unit were enrolled in our study. The procedure involved percutaneous placement of the Magseed into the target lesion under ultrasound (66%) or stereotactic (34%) guidance. Data on patient demographics, lesion characteristics, Magseed localization and retrieval, surgical outcomes, and complications were collected and analyzed. Results: Magseed localization was successful in all cases, with no marker migration or dislodgment, and all seeds were retrieved (100%). Breast-conserving surgery was successful in 97.9% of patients, with only one requiring intraoperative widening. No significant complications were reported. Histopathology revealed predominantly invasive breast cancers, with “No Special Type” being the most common subtype (42.5%). Conclusions: The effectiveness of this technique is proven by our results, which reflect the data in the growing scientific literature on Magseed.
Short-term Effects of Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Therapy for Achilles Tendinopathy: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Ko Violet Man-Chi , Chen Ssu-Chi , He Xin , Fu Sai-Chuen , Franco-Obregón Alfredo , Yung Patrick Shu-Hang , Ling Samuel Ka-Kin 
Published: November 2024

Background: Pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) therapy is a potential nonoperative treatment for Achilles tendinopathy, but the current published literature on its effects is sparse. Purpose: To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of PEMF therapy and eccentric exercise for Achilles tendinopathy. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 1. Methods: A total of 65 participants met the inclusion criteria and were randomly assigned to either the active PEMF group (n = 33) or the sham group (n = 32). The PEMF group received biweekly PEMF therapy (10 minutes per session) for 8 weeks, plus eccentric exercise for 12 weeks. The sham group received the same eccentric exercise for 12 weeks minus active PEMF exposure. The primary outcome was the Victorian Institute of Sports Assessment–Achilles (VISA-A) questionnaire. The secondary outcomes were numeric pain rating scale (NPRS) score, tendon neovascularity, and total time spent on sports per week. A physical therapist assessed all outcomes at baseline and then 4, 8, and 12 weeks after the commencement of the PEMF treatment. The level of tendon neovascularity was determined by the Öhberg score (range, 0-3). Results: VISA-A scores improved significantly from baseline to 12 weeks posttreatment in both the PEMF group (from 57.9 to 71.7) and the sham group (from 55.1 to 66.8) ( P < .001 for both), with no significant difference in scores between treatment groups throughout the 12 weeks ( P = .527). NPRS scores during sports also improved significantly from baseline to 12 weeks for the PEMF group (from 6.05 to 2.95) and the sham group (from 6.45 to 3.85) ( P < .001), with no group differences ( P = .346). Conclusion: PEMF therapy, in addition to eccentric exercise, did not improve outcome scores or tendon neovascularity compared with eccentric exercise alone in participants with Achilles tendinopathy. Registration: NCT05316961 (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier).
Local Infiltration Analgesia Versus Adductor Canal Block for Managing Pain After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Nadeem Shaheer , Ojaghi Reza , Patel Partha , Locke Eric , McGuire Andrew , Pickell Michael A. 
Published: November 2024

Background: Adductor canal block (ACB) and local infiltration analgesia (LIA) are frequently used to manage pain in patients after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). Purpose: To compare the difference in pain scores and opioid consumption between ACB and LIA for ancillary pain management in patients after ACLR. Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A literature search was conducted using PubMed, MEDLINE, and Embase databases according to PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. Studies that compared pain scores at 2, 6, 12, or 24 hours after ACLR or provided information on 24-hour opioid consumption were included. Of 240 publications initially screened by abstract and title, 4 studies were included, and data related to participant characteristics, anesthetic technique, and pain-related outcomes were extracted. The standardized mean difference (MD) in pain scores and morphine milligram equivalents consumed in 24 hours was compared using a random-effects model. Results: In all studies, ropivacaine was the primary anesthetic used for LIA and ACB, with 1 study also employing bupivacaine as an alternative. The difference in pain scores between LIA and ACB was not significant at 2 hours (MD, 0.04 [95% CI, –0.22 to 0.29]; P = .79), 6 hours (MD, 0.16 [95% CI, –0.20 to 0.52]; P = .39), 12 hours (MD, 0.54 [95% CI, –0.49 to 1.56]; P = .31), or 24 hours (MD, 0.12 [95% CI, –0.10 to 0.34]; P = .28). The difference in morphine milligram equivalents was also not statistically significant (MD, –0.07 [95% CI, –0.25 to 0.11]; P = .68). Conclusion: From this review, the authors suggest considering LIA over ACB because of its potential to offer comparable pain relief and opioid consumption while being less time intensive. However, the study results should be interpreted with caution, given the limited number of studies included.
Directions of Longitudinal Relationships between Housing-related Control Beliefs and Activities of Daily Living among People with Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Andersson Nilla , Iwarsson Susanne , Ullén Susann , Slaug Björn , Nilsson Maria H. 
Published: November 2024

Introduction: The gerontological literature suggests that external housing-related control beliefs (HCB) influence activities of daily living (ADL) among older people, but knowledge is scarce for people with Parkinson’s disease (PD). This longitudinal study aimed to explore the directions of the relationship between external HCB and ADL among people with PD. Methods: Baseline (T1) and 3-year follow-up data (T2) were collected from 154 people with PD (mean age = 68 years, T1). Two regression analyses were applied, where dependent (T2 values) and independent (T1 values) variables—external HCB score and PD specific ADL (PADLS)—were switched, adjusting for age, disease severity, cognitive functioning, and accessibility problems. Results: There was a significant effect of ADL on external HCB (β = 3.07, p < .001, CI [1.28, 4.85]), but no effect in the reverse direction. The proportion with moderate-extreme ADL difficulties increased over time (from 20.8% to 32.5%, p = .006). Discussion: ADL difficulties seem to lead to higher external HCB, but not the other way around, which contradicts assumptions in environmental gerontology theories. This new knowledge can promote theory development. While additional studies are required to verify whether this is a disease-specific finding, this indicates the importance of targeting ADL if the purpose is to influence external HCB among people with PD.
Comparative thermal and compressional behaviour of natural xenotime-(Y), chernovite-(Y) and monazite-(Ce)
Authors: Pagliaro Francesco , Comboni Davide , Battiston Tommaso , Krüger Hannes , Hejny Clivia , Kahlenberg Volker , Gigli Lara , Glazyrin Konstantin , Liermann Hanns-Peter , Garbarino Gaston , Gatta G. Diego , Lotti Paolo 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
ATO4 compounds are a class of oxides which includes the rare earth element (REE) bearing phosphates and arsenates, REEPO4 and REEAsO4. In this study, we have investigated the isothermal high-pressure and the isobaric high-temperature behaviour of natural samples of xenotime-(Y) (ideally YPO4), chernovite-(Y) (YAsO4) and monazite-(Ce) (CePO4) from the hydrothermal veins cropping out at Mt. Cervandone in the Western Italian Alps. Experimental data based on in situ X-ray diffraction (both single-crystal and powder techniques with conventional or synchrotron radiation) have allowed us to fit the unit-cell volumes and axial thermal and compressional evolution and provide a suite of refined thermo-elastic parameters. A comprehensive analysis of the role played by the crystal chemistry on the thermo-elastic response of these minerals is discussed, along with the description of the main crystal-structural deformation mechanisms for both the zircon (xenotime and chernovite) and monazite (monazite) structural types. Pressure-induced phase transitions of xenotime-(Y) and chernovite-(Y) are discussed and compared with previous literature data, whereas a change in the compressional behaviour of monazite-(Ce) at ∼18 GPa, involving an increase in the coordination number of the REE-hosting A site, is presented and discussed.
The crystal structure of pezzottaite and the crystal chemistry of the beryl–pezzottaite series
Authors: Hawthorne Frank C. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Crystal structures along the join beryl–pezzottaite have been refined and their compositions determined by electron-microprobe analysis. All crystals show sharp uniform diffraction spots but are microscale mixtures of more than one structure. Three distinct phases were identified with different diffraction characteristics: (1) hexagonal (P6/mcc) Cs-rich beryl; (2) hexagonal–rhombohedral (

$R\overline 3 c$

) twinned pezzottaite; (3) incommensurate phases with cell dimensions resembling those of beryl with a doubled c-dimension and l indices deviating from integer values by ±0.05–0.10. Beryl (P6/mcc) structures refined to R1 indices from 2.36 to 2.91% and pezzottaite structures refined to R1 indices from 3.31 to 5.83%. In pezzottaite, the Cs1 and Cs2 sites are each occupied by Cs+, Rb+ and (H2O) with Cs+ showing a preference for Cs1; and the Na1 and Na2 sites are occupied by Na+ and Ca2+. Na+ bonds to one (H2O) group and (H2O) bonds to one Na+. The ordering of (Cs+ + Rb+) and (Na+ + Ca2+) in pezzottaite is driven by the incident bond-valence requirements of the anions coordinating the (LiO4) tetrahedron. The valence-sum rule is maintained through the (Cs+ + Rb+) + Li+ → □ + Be2+ variation in beryl by cooperative relaxation of bonds at the Si and Be tetrahedra, and in pezzottaite by cooperative relaxation of bonds at the Si, Al and Li tetrahedra. The valence-sum rule mandates that Na+ must bond to one channel (type-II) (H2O) group which, when combined with the constraint of electroneutrality, requires that compositions along the beryl–pezzottaite join must lie below the line (Cs+ + Rb+) + 2(Na+ + Ca2+) = 1 – 2Ca2+ apfu. The occurrence of an incommensurate phase at intermediate compositions is due to the interaction of the species in adjacent columns of the P6/mcc beryl structure.
‘Can do’ versus ‘Do do’ in nursing home residents: identification of contextual factors discriminating groups with aligned or misaligned physical activity and physical capacity
Authors: Adams Michael , Elser Alexander , Fricke Madeleine , Jaufmann Lydia , Wollesen Bettina , Muehlbauer Thomas , Jansen Carl-Philipp , Schwenk Michael 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Physical activity (PA) is fundamental to nursing home residents’ health. Likewise, physical capacity (PC) is essential to carry out activities of daily living. Although PC and PA are associated, misalignment has been reported in specific subgroups. Increased PC is oftentimes not linked to high PA (i.e., Can do - don’t do) and vice versa (i.e., Can’t do - do do). Therefore, identifying other contextual factors influencing PA in misaligned groups is important. This study aimed to identify contextual factors in nursing home residents with aligned or misaligned PA and PC.

Methods
In total, 180 nursing home residents (≥ 65 years, 79.4% females) were divided into four quadrants (Q1: Can do - do do; Q2: Can do - don’t do; Q3: Can’t do - do do; Q4: Can’t do - don’t do) based on thresholds for PA (≥ or < 2,500 steps/day) and PC (≤ or > 0.5 m/s gait speed). Kruskal-Wallis H test and effect sizes (ES) were applied to analyze quadrants’ differences regarding PA (steps per day), objective motor capacity, life-space mobility, activities of daily living (ADL), psychosocial well-being, cognition, subjective mobility-related concerns, and spatial orientation.

Results
Specific contextual factors differed significantly between the groups. Compared to Q1, Q2 presents a significantly lower life-space mobility (ES: 0.35) and objective motor capacity (ES: 0-36-0.49); Q3 has a lower objective motor capacity (ES: 0.55–1.10); Q4 shows lower independence in ADL (ES: 0.57), life-space mobility (ES: 0.48), subjective mobility-related concerns (ES: 0.38) and objective motor capacity (ES: 0.99–1.08). No significant group differences were found for psychosocial well-being, cognition, and spatial orientation.

Conclusions
This study provides new insights into PA behavior of nursing home residents. Key variables linked to PA are objective motor capacity, life-space mobility, ADL, and subjective mobility-related concerns. Surprisingly, some potentially impactful variables such as cognition, orientation, and psychosocial well-being did not differ between the groups. This may suggest that these variables may not represent key targets for interventions aiming to improve PA. This study builds the foundation for further research into the underlying mechanisms behind PA behaviors and supports future efforts to plan specific, targeted interventions for nursing home residents.

Trial registration
The trial was prospectively registered at DRKS.de with registration number DRKS00021423 on April 16, 2020.
Exploring factors influencing pedestrian accident severity: a multi-source study in the city of Berlin
Authors: Kopsacheilis Aristomenis , Politis Ioannis 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Road safety remains a critical concern in Europe’s transport sector. In urban areas, where 40% of total road fatalities occur, pedestrians are particularly vulnerable, since according to road safety data accidents involving a pedestrian are 2.8 and 15 times more probable to be fatal than in rural areas and motorways respectively. In line with the Vision Zero concept and the European Commission’s directives, many EU members are taking steps to improve road safety. Accordingly, the identification of the key factors behind pedestrian accident occurrence and pedestrian accident severity in urban areas is ever more relevant.

Methodology
The proposed methodology employs traditional logistic regression models and artificial neural networks, using accident data from Berlin, Germany, sourced from the Berlin Open Data portal. The dataset comprises information on 3,257 accidents involving pedestrians in 2018 or 2019, including details about involved vehicles, accident details, and injury severity information. Additionally, the dataset was augmented with average network speed data from Uber Movement and road network information from Geographic Information System (GIS) applications.

Results
Formal analysis results indicated several factors as significant to accident severity, such as involvement of bicycle or heavy vehicles, lighting conditions, speed limit and accident type. Additionally, a comparison between modelling approaches shows a clear performance advantage of ANNs over statistical models. Research findings provide insight for various stakeholders working to enhance pedestrian safety in urban areas.