bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Superheated Steam Drying of Black Tea and Quality Improvement
Authors: Rumaisa N. , Hanim M. R. Norazatul , Hii C. L. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
The effects of drying temperature (120 °C to 200 °C) on drying characteristics of black tea leaves using superheated steam dryer (SHS) were investigated. It was observed that increased drying temperature caused higher drying rate that helped to shorten drying times. The effective diffusivities of moisture transfer in SHS ranged between 2.30 × 10–10 and 3.90 × 10–10 m2/s within the temperature range tested. The effective diffusivities were correlated by Arrhenius relationship with Arrhenius constant and activation energy estimated at 1.07 × 10–8 m2/s and activation energy 12.34 kJ/mol, respectively. Increased in drying temperature and time significantly decreased the brightness (*L) of tea leaves from 26.34 to 22.66 and TPC from 87.93 to 42.39 mg/g. However, comparison to commercial black tea showed that SHS dried-tea leaves exhibited better colour attribute and 91.4% higher in phenolic content.
Basal characteristics and first year responses to human growth hormone (GH) vary according to diagnostic criteria in children with non-acquired GH deficiency (naGHD): observations from a single center over a period of five decades
Authors: Ranke Michael B. , Schweizer Roland , Binder Gerhard 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Background
Children with non-acquired (na) growth hormone deficiency (GHD) diagnosed over decades in one center may provide perspective insight.

Methods
naGHD is divided into idiopathic GHD (IGHD), GHD of known cause (cGHD) and GHD neurosecretory dysfunction (NSD); time periods: <1988 (I); 1988–1997 (II); 1998–2007 (III); 2008–2015 (IV). Descriptive analyses were performed at diagnosis and during first year GH treatment.

Results
Patients (periods, N): I, 87; II, 141; III, 356; IV, 51. In cGHD (all), age, maximum GH, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) (5.1 years, 3.6 μg/L, −5.3 standard deviation score [SDS], −3.7 SDS) were lower than in IGHD (all) (6.8 years 5.8 μg/L, −2.5 SDS, −1.0 SDS), but not height (−3.1 vs. −3.2 SDS). Characteristics of NSD were similar to that of IGHD. Patients with IGHD – not cGHD – diagnosed during 2008–2015 (IV) were the youngest with most severe GHD (maxGH, IGF-I, IGFBP-3), and first year height velocity (HV) and ∆ IGF-I (10.5 cm/year, 4.0 SDS) but not ∆ height SDS were the highest on recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) (27 μg/kg/day).

Conclusions
Although during 1988–2007 patient characteristics were similar, the recently (>2008) stipulated more stringent diagnostic criteria – HV before testing, sex steroid priming, lower GH cut-off – have restricted diagnoses to more severe cases as they were observed before the rhGH era.
Using HL7 CDA and LOINC for standardized laboratory results in the Austrian electronic health record
Authors: Sabutsch Stefan , Weigl Gerhard 
Published: October 2018

AbstractWith the implementation of the Austrian electronic health record (ELGA), laboratory results are formally standardized for the first time throughout Austria. The nomenclature of the lab analyses, their sequence and structure as well as the display of laboratory results are unified with ELGA. One of the most significant steps is using Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes (LOINC) as a reference terminology for lab analyses. Thereby laboratory results can be reused semantically interoperable all over Austria.
A Theoretical Overview of the Stockout Problem in Retail: from Causes to Consequences
Authors: Sanchez-Ruiz Lidia , Blanco Beatriz , Kyguolienė Asta 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Due to the relevance of stockouts in the retail sector together with their significantly negative effect both on retail and the whole supply chain, this paper offers a theoretical review of the stockout definition, rates, its main causes and consequences.
Social Media Marketing – from Tool to Capability
Authors: Venciūtė Dominyka 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Whereas the application of social media marketing has been trending in business, the theoretical research that analyses the phenomenon of social media marketing is to some extent lagging behind. In practice, social media marketing is often viewed as a customer relationship management (CRM) tool or technique and not as a capability. This paper builds on the theories of the resourced-based view (RBV) and dynamic capabilities to explore the concept of social media marketing capability. The aim of this paper is to redefine the phenomenon of social media marketing capability and to contribute to the existing literature. In addition, it urges firms to look into social media marketing not only as a tool or technique, but also as an organizational capability.
Sparse Signal Acquisition via Compressed Sensing and Principal Component Analysis
Authors: Andráš Imrich , Dolinský Pavol , Michaeli Linus , Šaliga Ján 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
This paper presents a way of acquiring a sparse signal by taking only a limited number of samples; sampling and compression are performed in one step by the analog to information conversion. The signal is recovered with minimal information loss from the reduced data record via compressed sensing reconstruction. Several methods of analog to information conversion are described with focus on numerical complexity and implementation in existing embedded devices. Two novel analog to information conversion methods are proposed, distinctive by their computational simplicity - direct subsampling and subsampling with integration. Proposed sensing methods are intended for and evaluated with real water parameter signals measured by a wireless sensor network. Compressed sensing proves to reduce the data transfer rate by >80 % with very little signal processing performed at the sensing side and no appreciable distortion of the reconstructed signal.
A Novel Dynamic Method to Improve First-order Natural Frequency for Test Device
Authors: Zhang Jun , Tian Yu , Ren Zongjin , Shao Jun , Jia Zhenyuan 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
It is important to improve the natural frequency of test device to improve measurement accuracy. First-order frequency is basic frequency of dynamic model, which generally is the highest vibration energy of natural frequency. Taking vector force test device (VFTD) as example, a novel dynamic design method for improving first-order natural frequency by increasing structure stiffness is proposed. In terms of six degree-of-freedom (DOF) of VFTD, dynamic model of VFTD is built through the Lagrange dynamic equation to obtain theoretical natural frequency and mode shapes. Experimental natural frequency obtained by the hammering method is compared with theoretical results to prove rationality of the Lagrange method. In order to improve the stiffness of VFTD, increase natural frequency and meet the requirement of high frequency test, by using the trial and error method combined with curve fitting (TECF), stiffness interval of meeting natural frequency requirement is obtained. Stiffness of VFTD is improved by adopting multiple supports based on the stiffness interval. Improved experimental natural frequency is obtained with the hammering method to show rationality of the dynamic design method. This method can be used in improvement of first-order natural frequency in test structure.
Pseudorandom Dynamic Test Power Signal Modeling and Electrical Energy Compressive Measurement Algorithm
Authors: Wang Xuewei , Wang Jing 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
With the rapid construction of smart grid, many applications of the new generation and the large power dynamic loads are revolutionizing the electrical energy measurement of electricity meters. The dynamic measurement errors produced by electricity meters are intolerable. In order to solve the dynamic error measurement of electrical energy, firstly, this paper proposes a three-phase pseudorandom dynamic test power signal model to reflect the main characteristics of dynamic loads. Secondly, a compressive measurement algorithm is proposed by the means of steady-state optimization to accurately measure the electrical energy. The experimental results confirm the effectiveness of the three-phase pseudorandom dynamic test signal model, the maximum errors of compressive measurement algorithm are superior to 1×10-13, the high precision enables the algorithm to accurately measure the electrical energy under different dynamic conditions.
Isolation, Identification and Preservation of Fusarium Spp. Causing Dry Rot of Potato Tubers
Authors: Stefańczyk Emil , Sobkowiak Sylwester 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Fungi of the genus Fusarium cause dry rot, a potato disease which develops during long-term storage of tubers. The disease-inducing capabilities differ among Fusarium spp., but may also vary within species universally considered main dry rot agents. Identification of Fusarium spp. present on diseased tubers in a surveyed area can help minimize crop losses and mycotoxin contamination by, for example, applying proper fungicides or planning crop rotation. Here, we present a procedure of obtaining single spore colonies of Fusarium spp. from potato tubers infected by dry rot, their identification using molecular methods and ways of preservation.
Cryopreservation of Shoot Tips and Pollen of Potato
Authors: Smyda-Dajmund Paulina 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Cryopreservation is a frequently used method of long-term storage of potato meristems and pollen in liquid nitrogen (LN) in temperature of -196°C. This technique allows for theoretically unlimited storage of potato material. The most popular method of potato shoot tips preservation is cryopreservation by the solidification of liquids without crystallization (vitrification).The best method of pollen conservation is its direct immersion in LN. The successful regeneration after vitrification is genotype-dependent, which require optimization of protocol.
The role of vowel parameters in defining lexical and subsidiary stress in Ukrainian
Authors: Łukaszewicz Beata , Mołczanow Janina 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Recent work suggests that Ukrainian represents a typologically rare bidirectional stress system with internal lapses, i.e. sequences of unstressed syllables in the vicinity of primary stress (Łukaszewicz and Mołczanow 2018a, b). The system is more intricate than the hitherto known bidirectional systems (e.g. Polish), and thus interesting from the theoretical perspective, as it involves interaction between free lexical stress and secondary stresses. Lexical and subsidiary prominence in Ukrainian have been shown to be expressed acoustically in terms of increased duration of the whole syllable. This leaves open the question of the role of classic vowel parameters in shaping prominence effects in this language. The present study fills this gap by investigating vowel duration, intensity, and F0 as potential acoustic correlates of primary and secondary stress in Ukrainian. It focuses on words with primary stress on the fifth syllable. Such words are predicted to have secondary stress on the first and third syllables. The results point to statistically significant lengthening of vowels carrying lexical stress as well as of those in the initial syllable, but not in the third syllable. A possible explanation is that other parameters, e.g. consonant duration, may be crucial in the case of word-internal subsidiary stress in Ukrainian.
Croatian occupational terminology: The 2000s’ escape from “A Man’s World”
Authors: Hrga Anđela Milinović 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
This paper is concerned with the forms of expression of occupational terms in contemporary Croatian institutional practice, typical of the changes in language policy and public language usage. Predominant in Croatian language was the androcentric practice of using masculine occupational terms as unmarked, gender-neutral. However, due to various reasons, it has changed in past years. The 2008 Amendments to the Croatian National Classification of Occupations marked the turning point in gender equality in terms of providing for gender-specific occupational nouns. For the first time, an official document codified both masculine and feminine occupational titles and stipulated their usage as a national classification standard, thus acknowledging a significant language change. However, the 2008 and 2010 Classifications both displayed certain asymmetries as well. The paper pinpoints these asymmetries, documents elements of linguistic sexism still remaining, as well as successful “escapes” from it, and tries to determine whether imbalances and barriers within the binary masculine-feminine concept are brought about by intralinguistic (lexical) or extralinguistic factors.
The General Pattern of Seasonal Dynamics of The Autumn Migration of The Wood Pigeon Columba Palumbus in Italy
Authors: Cavina Enrico , Bucchi Rinaldo , Busse Przemysław 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Cavina E., Bucchi R. and Busse P. 2018. The general pattern of seasonal dynamics of the autumn migration of the Wood Pigeon Columba palumbus in Italy. Ring 40: 3-18.
Given the scarcity of studies on the migration of the Wood Pigeon through Italy, the first systematic observations by a network of hunters, as citizen researchers, can be presented as a starting point for more in-depth analyses. Observations from the years 1998-2006 are analysed and presented in a generalized form. During this period more than 100 observation sites, covering most of Italy, were active for about 40 days every autumn. Migration over Italy was described in terms of the timing and intensity of migration. Special attention was directed to the long-term number dynamics and seasonal dynamics of the passage. The most intensive migration was observed within northern Italy, while lower intensity is visible more to the south of the peninsula. Following tendencies in numbers of observed migrants within the ten years of the study, we can find positive tendencies in most of the northern provinces, while three negative trends are visible in central Italy. The study of the seasonal pattern, in terms of the number dynamics of the passage and the frequency of pronounced peak days, strongly suggests that there are five or six waves of pigeons passing through Italy in different parts of the autumn that are quite stable between years. Every year the time of the passage includes a few peak days of migration.
Intonazione e significato: l’esempio dell’italiano regionale di Bergamo
Authors: Antonioli Giorgio , Moroni Manuela Caterina 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
In this paper we present a selection of preliminary results of our research project “Intonation and Meaning”, in which we compare recurrent intonation contours in German and Italian regional varieties. We apply the method of German Interactional Prosody Research (Interaktionale Prosodieforschung), which in turn is based on Conversation Analysis, to a sample of selfcollected empirical data. Our aim is to show the value of intonation as a resource to contextualize speech activities and to point out form-function relationships between intonation patterns and speech act types. In this respect, we observe the usage of intonation contours with rising accent (L*H) and with falling accent (H*L) in the utterance of question activities, and provide evidence for the fact that the latter represent a distinctive type of questions with epistemic presupposition, whereas L*H correlates rather with default, modally unmarked questions.
Sprache, Grammatik, Variation – viticulture linguistique
Authors: Stark Elisabeth 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
The aim of this contribution is to reposition a key notion to the centre of Wulf Oesterreicher’s theoretical disciplinary reasoning: grammar, or more generally, ‘rules and norms’ specific to single languages and varieties the linguist deals with. This includes contingent, non-motivated structures, and claiming the necessity to analyse their existence ‘as such’ (i.e., also independently of communicative, social etc. factors) as the core task of linguistics. This point is illustrated with a much debated variable in French descriptive linguistics: past participle agreement. Combining theoretical and corpus linguistic observations, the distribution of the two variants (absence vs. realization of agreement) in constructions with the auxiliary avoir shows that a grammatical analysis interested in the derivation of certain rules and their application in actual language usage permits to understand the logic of linguistic variation - at least the one observable alongside the standard - non-standard opposition in French.
Der kompetente Sünder. Zur auktorialen Selbstdarstellung Francesco Petrarcas in De otio religioso
Authors: Huss Bernhard 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Francis Petrarch has developed many diverse strategies to present himself as an author. When constructing his own figura auctoris, he refers to a highly stylized version of his autobiographical ego to which he ascribes a particular epistemic competence. Indeed, such competence serves as the basis of both authority and authorship. In his De otio religioso, Petrarch addresses the community of the Carthusian monks of the Abbey of Montrieux in Southern France. Paradoxically, he introduces himself to them as being competent with regard to questions of monastic life, although in this respect his addressees should be much more competent than Petrarch can be. At the same time the author depicts himself as a great sinner. As such, he cannot dispose of considerable knowledge in religious matters. Instead, he points out his extraordinary cultural expertise as a philologist, humanist and owner of books, a knowledge that makes him, the sinner, become an author able to instruct the monks. Petrarch negotiates the claims to validity asserted by two different cultures (Christian vs. pagan, late antique/medieval vs. antique/early-modern) and seeks to position himself as an author with authority in both fields.
César Hautot – ein naturalistischer Ödipus? Guy de Maupassants Hautot père et fils auf der Schwelle zur Psychoanalyse
Authors: Jacobi Claudia 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Literary criticism has mentioned some affinities between Guy de Maupassant’s literary work and Freud’s psychoanalysis, without ever reflecting on Maupassant’s literary anticipation of the Oedipus complex. The latter is particularly evident in the short novel Hautot père et fils (1889), which has not received much attention to date. The article aims to illustrate some evident parallels between Maupassant’s literary representation of a father-son conflict and Freud’s scientific approach. In doing so, it does not intend to deliver a demonstration of the emergence of Freudian concepts from naturalistic fiction. It shall rather be considered as a literary case study, which illustrates the discourse-historical process of transformation from the physiological paradigm of naturalism to the psychological paradigm of the arising psychoanalysis.
Is 3 Weeks of Exercise Enough to Change Blood Pressure and Cardiac Redox State in Hypertensive Rats?
Authors: Jakovljevic Biljana , Plecevic Sasa , Petkovic Anica , Turnic Tamara Nikolic , Milosavljevic Isidora , Radoman Kristina , Srejovic Ivan 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
The investigation was aimed to evaluate the effects of 3-weeks swimming exercise on blood pressure and redox status in high-salt-induced hypertensive rats. Male Wistar albino rats (n=40, 6 weeks old) were divided into 4 groups: 1. hypertensive rats that swam for 3 weeks; 2. sedentary hypertensive control rats; 3. normotensive rats that swam for 3 weeks; 4. sedentary normotensive control rats. Hypertensive animals were on high concentrated sodium (8% NaCl) solution for 4 weeks (period of induction of hypertension). After sacrificing, hearts were isolated and perfused according to Langendorff technique at gradually increased coronary per-fusion pressure from 40–120 cmH2O. The oxidative stress markers were determined in coronary venous effluent: the index of lipid peroxidation (measured as TBARS), nitrites (NO2
−), superoxide anion radical (O2
−) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Swimming did not lead to significant changes in levels of TBARS, NO2
−, O2
− in any of compared groups while levels of H2O2 were significantly higher in swimming hyper-tensive group comparing to swimming normotensive group at coronary perfusion pressure of 80–120 cmH2O. Our results indicate that the short-term swimming start to reduce blood pressure. In addition it seems that this type of swimming duration does not promote cardiac oxidative stress damages.
Chitinolytic Bacillus subtilis Ege-B-1.19 as a biocontrol agent against mycotoxigenic and phytopathogenic fungi
Authors: Oztopuz Ozlem , Sarigul Nermin , Liaqat Fakhra , Park Ro-Dong , Eltem Rengin 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Background
Biological control of pathogenic fungi is a possible alternate to the chemical control, which is harmful to humans and environment. Soil-borne Bacillus strains can be potential biocontrol agents and a source of lytic enzymes.

Aim
This study aimed to examine biocontrol potential and lytic enzyme activities of a soil isolate Bacillus subtilis Ege-B-1.19.

Materials and methods
Strain was identified by biochemical and 16S rRNA gene analysis and its biocontrol activity was investigated against Aspergillus niger EGE-K-213, Aspergillus foetidus EGE-K-211, Aspergillus ochraceus EGE-K-217, Fusarium solani KCTC6328, Rhizoctonia solani KACC40111 and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides KACC40689. Chitinase, chitosanase, N-acetyl-β-hexosaminidase and protease activities of B. subtilis Ege-B-1.19 were also determined. Chitosanase was purified using Sephadex G-150 column and its molecular weight was determined by SDS-PAGE. Chitooligosaccharides production using chitosanase was carried out and analysed by TLC and HPLC.

Results
Results depicted that B. subtilis Ege-B-1.19 has shown inhibitory effects against all the test fungi. Chitinase, chitosanase, N-acetyl-β-hexosaminidase and protease activities were determined as 2.7 U mL−1, 7.2 U mL−1, 6.2 U mL−1 and 12.2 U mL−1, respectively. Molecular weight of purified chitosanase was 44 kDa. Chitosanase hydrolysed chitosan to glucosamine (GlcN), dimers (GlcN)2 and trimers (GlcN)3.

Conclusion

Bacillus subtilis Ege-B-1.19 can be anticipated as useful biocontrol agent and its chitosanase can be utilized for enzymatic synthesis of chitooligosaccharides.
Friedrich Max Müller und die idealistische Wurzel der Religionswissenschaft
Authors: Zolotukhin Vsevolod V. 
Published: October 2018

Zusammenfassung
Dieser Beitrag widmet sich dem Zusammenhang zwischen dem deutschen Idealismus und Max Müllers Religionswissenschaft, die als erstes und maßgebendes religionswissenschaftliches Projekt betrachtet werden kann. Es wird aufgezeigt, dass die Entwicklung der Lehre Müllers erst durch Kants Kritizismus (besonders die Kritik der natürlichen Theologie und die Lehre vom Erhabenen), Schleiermachers Gefühlsphilosophie (besonders die Unterscheidung zwischen Religion und Theologie) und durch die idealistische Religionsphilosophie von F. Schelling und Chr. Weisse (die Religionstheorie als besonderer Zweig der Wissenschaft) ermöglicht wurde. Es kann auch der Einfluss der Philosophie von J. Fries aufgespürt werden. Müllers Blick auf das religiöse Leben der Menschheit hat einen philosophischen Charakter und wird wesentlich durch die Methodologie des deutschen Idealismus geprägt. Es gibt dennoch zwei Hauptunterschiede zwischen Müllers Religionswissenschaft und der früheren Religionsphilosophie. Zum einen benutzt Müller systematisch Originalquellen in östlichen Sprachen. Zum anderen geht Müller dadurch über die europäische Denktradition hinaus und versucht, in nichteuropäische Traditionen einzudringen und diese zu verstehen. Der deutsche Idealismus eben ermöglicht einen solchen bedeutenden Zug der Religionswissenschaft wie die Anerkennung der Diskrepanz zwischen dem, was in einem Gespräch über die Religion gesagt wird, und dem persönlichen Verhältnis des Gelehrten dazu.