bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The True Value of Integration
Authors: Mackay Alexander James , Rodriguez Nelson Jose , Stenhaug Morten , Samaan Johny 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Field development is a complicated process involving a multitude of disciplines, technologies and workflows. The typical approach to field development is long, fragmented and costly. This is due to set process and work flows with limited flexibility, inefficient tools and transfer of information, uncertainty of required scope for each phase and the management of multiple contractors.
An example of this is a stage gate process, where regardless of the size of the prospect the same set work tasks and deliverables are required to pass to the next phase, generally no assurance is performed upfront to determine the actual requirements. Another example is field development tools, which are used in isolation from reservoir simulation to flow assurance/facilities design with limited integration, which leads to the inefficient transfer of data and a reduction in accuracy.
The above causes unnecessarily long schedules, repetition in scope and results in sub-optimal technical solution and project economics. The requirement to transfer and interpret information between multiple parties and stages (internal and external) creates unnecessary complexity and introduces additional risk to the final technical solution.
This paper will demonstrate the value of an Integrated Field Development approach for a large Deepwater gas condensate development offshore Australia, and how this approach can dramatically reduce duration, improve accuracy, lower contingency and maximize the economics of a project. It shows the clear advantages of facilities engineers working closely with subsurface, drilling and completions and will highlight some of the key features that make the Integrated Field Development approach a success.
Analysis of States' Barriers to and Progress Toward Implementation of Health and Safety Policies for Secondary School Athletics
Authors: Pike Alicia M , Adams William M. , Huggins Robert A. , Mazerolle Stephanie M. , Casa Douglas J. 
Published: April 2019

ContextImplementation of health and safety best practices for the leading causes of sudden death and catastrophic injury has been shown to mitigate risk. However, to our knowledge, no authors have examined progress toward health and safety policy implementation at the state level.ObjectiveTo investigate the progress made by state secondary school leaders in developing and implementing health and safety policies (ie, exertional heat stroke, sudden cardiac arrest, concussion, emergency action plans) and to explore perceived barriers to and strategies for implementation.DesignMixed-methods study.SettingState high school athletics associations and sports medicine advisory committees.Patients or Other ParticipantsCollaborative Solutions for Safety in Sport meeting attendees participated in this study. Thirty-five state leaders (current role experience = 8 ± 6 years) completed the survey. Ten of the 35 participated in follow-up interviews.Data Collection and AnalysisA survey assessing progress on health and safety policy implementation was administered. Respondents indicated whether their state had implemented a policy, made progress without implementation, or made no progress. We conducted follow-up telephone interviews so they could expand on the survey responses. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the general inductive approach.ResultsA total of 89% of respondents reported their states made progress on or implemented health and safety policies during the 2015–2016 academic year. Barriers to policy implementation included cost, a lack of understanding regarding policies versus recommendations, the content and value of policy change, and a false sense of security. Strategies for implementation included varying approaches to change, education of all constituents, and collaborative relationships among key stakeholders.ConclusionsAlthough a majority of respondents reported progress in implementing health and safety policies in their states, perceived barriers pointed to the need for the continued education of state leaders in charge of developing and implementing health and safety policies. Despite these barriers, collaboration among key stakeholders is crucial to successful implementation of best-practice policies in secondary school athletics.
Views from the borderline: Extracts from my life as a coloured child of Deaf adults, growing up in apartheid South Africa
Authors: Harrison Jane , Watermeyer Brian 
Published: April 2019

Background: Over 90% of Deaf parents have hearing children, but there are very few, if any, studies that have explored the life worlds of hearing children of Deaf adults (CODAs) in South Africa. This article is an account of part of the life experiences of a female hearing child who was born and raised by her Deaf parents in apartheid South Africa in the 1980s.Objectives: This study used auto-ethnography to explore the socialisation of a female coloured CODA during the height of South Africa’s apartheid era, in order to shed light on intersectional influences on identity and selfhood. The study was intended to contribute to the limited knowledge available on the life circumstances of CODAs in Global South contexts.Methods: Evocative auto-ethnography under a qualitative research paradigm was used to explore the life world of a now adult female hearing child of Deaf parents. Her thoughts, observations, reflections and involvements are articulated in a first person written narrative that is presented in this article. A thematic analysis approach was used to analyse data, and the themes that emerged are: (1) CODAs as language brokers, (2) being bilingual and trilingual, (3) being bicultural, (4) role reversal and parentification and (5) issues of identity. A discussion of these themes is interwoven with the literature, in an effort to provide a rich and robust analysis that contributes to the body of knowledge.Results: Multiple identity markers that include disability, gender, race, age, nationality, culture and language intersect to frame the life world of a hearing child of Deaf parents who grew up in the apartheid era in South Africa. The result is both positive and negative life experiences, arising from being located simultaneously in both a hearing and Deaf world.Conclusion: This study suggests that, in part, the life world of a hearing child of Deaf parents is multi-layered, multidimensional and complex; hence, it cannot be presented with a single description. Recommendations that inform policy and practice are outlined in the concluding section of the article.
A educação em saúde no ambiente hospitalar: relato de experiência sobre prevenção de lesões por pressão
Authors: Stamm Bruna , Messa Ponse Carlos Eduardo , Matos dos Santos Karine 
Published: April 2019

O objetivo deste é compartilhar a experiência de discentes de enfermagem em atividade educativa sobre Lesões por Pressão com familiares/acompanhantes de pacientes hospitalizados. Trata-se de um relato de experiência, desenvolvido a partir de vivências dos discentes de graduação em enfermagem da Universidade Federal do Pampa, durante as atividades práticas na clínica médica de um hospital de grande porte de uma cidade da fronteira oeste do Rio Grande do Sul/ Brasil, desenvolvidas em 2016. Para a atividade de educação em saúde sobre manejo e medidas preventivas de lesões de pressão, foram reunidas cinco acompanhantes/familiares das pacientes hospitalizadas, nas quais todas apresentavam Lesão por Pressão de graus variados. A roda de conversa teve duração de uma hora, e envolveu apresentação de cartazes com os temas: graus, localização e coberturas das lesões. A vivência proporcionou aprofundar conhecimentos no contexto de leões, permitiu uma melhor assistência aos pacientes e auxiliou familiares/cuidadores visando um melhor desfecho no cuidado as lesões por pressão.
Mixed-phase orographic cloud microphysics during StormVEx and IFRACS
Authors: Lowenthal Douglas H. , Hallar A. Gannet , David Robert O. , McCubbin Ian B. , Borys Randolph D. , Mace Gerald G. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract. Wintertime mixed-phase orographic cloud (MPC) measurements were
conducted at the Storm Peak Laboratory (SPL) during the Storm Peak Lab Cloud
Property Validation Experiment (StormVEx) and Isotopic Fractionation in
Snow (IFRACS) programs in 2011 and 2014, respectively. The data include 92 h
of simultaneous measurements of supercooled liquid cloud droplet and
ice particle size distributions (PSDs). Average cloud droplet number
concentration (CDNC), droplet size (NMD), and liquid water content (LWC) were
similar in both years, while ice particle concentration (Ni) and ice water
content (IWC) were higher during IFRACS. The consistency of the liquid cloud
suggests that SPL is essentially a cloud chamber that produces a consistent
cloud under moist, westerly flow during the winter. A variable cloud
condensation nuclei (CCN)-related inverse relationship between CDNC and NMD
strengthened when the data were stratified by LWC. Some of this variation is
due to changes in cloud base height below SPL. While there was a weak
inverse correlation between LWC and IWC in the data as a whole, a stronger
relationship was demonstrated for a case study on 9 February 2014 during
IFRACS. A minimum LWC of 0.05 g m−3 showed that the cloud was not
completely glaciated on this day. Erosion of the droplet distribution at
high IWC was attributed to the Wegener–Bergeron–Findeisen process as the
high IWC was accompanied by a 10-fold increase in Ni. A relationship between
large cloud droplet concentration (25–35 µm) and small ice particles
(75–200 µm) under cold (<-8 ∘C) but not warm
(>-8 ∘C) conditions during IFRACS suggests primary
ice particle production by contact or immersion freezing. The effect of
blowing snow was evaluated from the relationship between wind speed and Ni
and by comparing the relative (percent) ice particle PSDs at high and low
wind speeds. These were similar, contrary to expectation for blowing snow.
However, the correlation between wind speed and ice crystal concentration
may support this explanation for high crystal concentrations at the surface.
Secondary processes could have contributed to high crystal concentrations
but there was no direct evidence to support this. Further experimental work
is needed to resolve these issues.
The Global Fire Atlas of individual fire size, duration, speed and direction
Authors: Andela Niels , Morton Douglas C. , Giglio Louis , Paugam Ronan , Chen Yang , Hantson Stijn , van der Werf Guido R. , Randerson James T. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract. Natural and human-ignited fires affect all major
biomes, altering ecosystem structure, biogeochemical cycles and atmospheric
composition. Satellite observations provide global data on spatiotemporal
patterns of biomass burning and evidence for the rapid changes in global fire
activity in response to land management and climate. Satellite imagery also
provides detailed information on the daily or sub-daily position of fires
that can be used to understand the dynamics of individual fires. The Global
Fire Atlas is a new global dataset that tracks the dynamics of individual
fires to determine the timing and location of ignitions, fire size and
duration, and daily expansion, fire line length, speed, and direction of spread.
Here, we present the underlying methodology and Global Fire Atlas results for
2003–2016 derived from daily moderate-resolution (500 m) Collection 6
MCD64A1 burned-area data. The algorithm identified 13.3 million individual
fires over the study period, and estimated fire perimeters were in good
agreement with independent data for the continental United States. A small
number of large fires dominated sparsely populated arid and boreal
ecosystems, while burned area in agricultural and other human-dominated
landscapes was driven by high ignition densities that resulted in numerous
smaller fires. Long-duration fires in boreal regions and natural
landscapes in the humid tropics suggest that fire season length exerts a
strong control on fire size and total burned area in these areas. In arid
ecosystems with low fuel densities, high fire spread rates resulted in
large, short-duration fires that quickly consumed available fuels.
Importantly, multiday fires contributed the majority of burned area in all
biomass burning regions. A first analysis of the largest, longest and
fastest fires that occurred around the world revealed coherent regional
patterns of extreme fires driven by large-scale climate forcing. Global Fire
Atlas data are publicly available through http://www.globalfiredata.org (last access: 9 August 2018) and https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1642, and
individual fire information and summary data products provide new
information for benchmarking fire models within ecosystem and Earth system
models, understanding vegetation–fire feedbacks, improving global emissions
estimates, and characterizing the changing role of fire in the Earth system.
The Beijing Climate Center Climate System Model (BCC-CSM): the main progress from CMIP5 to CMIP6
Authors: Wu Tongwen , Lu Yixiong , Fang Yongjie , Xin Xiaoge , Li Laurent , Li Weiping , Jie Weihua , Zhang Jie , Liu Yiming , Zhang Li , Zhang Fang , Zhang Yanwu , Wu Fanghua , Li Jianglong , Chu Min , Wang Zaizhi , Shi Xueli , Liu Xiangwen , Wei Min , Huang Anning , Zhang Yaocun , Liu Xiaohong 
Published: April 2019

Abstract. The main advancements of the Beijing Climate Center (BCC) climate system model from
phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) to phase
6 (CMIP6) are presented, in terms of physical parameterizations and model
performance. BCC-CSM1.1 and BCC-CSM1.1m are the two models involved in CMIP5,
whereas BCC-CSM2-MR, BCC-CSM2-HR, and BCC-ESM1.0 are the three models configured for
CMIP6. Historical simulations from 1851 to 2014 from BCC-CSM2-MR (CMIP6) and
from 1851 to 2005 from BCC-CSM1.1m (CMIP5) are used for models assessment.
The evaluation matrices include the following: (a) the energy budget at
top-of-atmosphere; (b) surface air temperature, precipitation, and atmospheric circulation for
the global and East Asia regions; (c) the sea surface temperature (SST) in the
tropical Pacific; (d) sea-ice extent and thickness and Atlantic Meridional
Overturning Circulation (AMOC); and (e) climate variations at different timescales, such as the global warming trend in the 20th century, the stratospheric
quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO), the Madden–Julian Oscillation (MJO), and the diurnal
cycle of precipitation. Compared with BCC-CSM1.1m, BCC-CSM2-MR shows
significant improvements in many aspects including the tropospheric air
temperature and circulation at global and regional scales in East Asia and
climate variability at different timescales, such as the QBO, the MJO, the diurnal cycle
of precipitation, interannual variations of SST in the equatorial Pacific,
and the long-term trend of surface air temperature.
Uncertainty quantification of the multi-centennial response of the Antarctic ice sheet to climate change
Authors: Bulthuis Kevin , Arnst Maarten , Sun Sainan , Pattyn Frank 
Published: April 2019

Abstract. Ice loss from the Antarctic ice sheet (AIS) is expected to become
the major contributor to sea level in the next centuries. Projections of the
AIS response to climate change based on numerical ice-sheet models remain
challenging due to the complexity of physical processes involved in ice-sheet
dynamics, including instability mechanisms that can destabilise marine basins
with retrograde slopes. Moreover, uncertainties in ice-sheet models limit the
ability to provide accurate sea-level rise projections. Here, we apply
probabilistic methods to a hybrid ice-sheet model to investigate the
influence of several sources of uncertainty, namely sources of uncertainty in
atmospheric forcing, basal sliding, grounding-line flux parameterisation,
calving, sub-shelf melting, ice-shelf rheology and bedrock relaxation, on the
continental response of the Antarctic ice sheet to climate change over the
next millennium. We provide probabilistic projections of sea-level rise and
grounding-line retreat, and we carry out stochastic sensitivity analysis to
determine the most influential sources of uncertainty. We find that all
investigated sources of uncertainty, except bedrock relaxation time,
contribute to the uncertainty in the projections. We show that the
sensitivity of the projections to uncertainties increases and the
contribution of the uncertainty in sub-shelf melting to the uncertainty in
the projections becomes more and more dominant as atmospheric and oceanic
temperatures rise, with a contribution to the uncertainty in sea-level rise
projections that goes from 5 % to 25 % in RCP 2.6 to more than 90 % in
RCP 8.5. We show that the significance of the AIS contribution to sea level
is controlled by the marine ice-sheet instability (MISI) in marine basins,
with the biggest contribution stemming from the more vulnerable West
Antarctic ice sheet. We find that, irrespective of parametric uncertainty,
the strongly mitigated RCP 2.6 scenario prevents the collapse of the West
Antarctic ice sheet, that in both the RCP 4.5 and RCP 6.0 scenarios the
occurrence of MISI in marine basins is more sensitive to parametric
uncertainty, and that, almost irrespective of parametric uncertainty, RCP 8.5
triggers the collapse of the West Antarctic ice sheet.
Nurses’ experiences of transition to community-based practice
Authors: Harvey Clare , Hegney Desley , Tsai Lily , Mclellan Sandy , Chamberlain Diane , Sobolewska Agnieszka , Wood Elspeth , Hendricks Joyce , Wake Troy 
Published: April 2019

Objectives: This paper describes the findings from interviews, presented as the second stage of a study aimed at developing a career pathway for community nursing and midwifery for one Australian state, with a particular focus on early transition to community-based practice.Background: With the increasing incidence of chronic conditions, health services are focused on primary and community care as the central point of care provision, and with it, the realisation that nurses have a central role to play in care delivery. Yet, community nursing is a poorly defined area of practice, and it is often seen as an unattractive career option.Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with seven experienced registered nurses currently employed and working in the community. Data analysis was undertaken using a pragmatic approach that allowed for the examination of themes emerging from the participant narratives. One member of the research team conducted interviews, with cross-checking of transcripts undertaken by other members of the team. Narrative was drawn from the transcripts and aligned to themes emerging from a draft pathway informed by a systematic review. COREQ checklist was adhered.Results: Participants identified elements essential to a good transition that included responsive orientation, innovative leadership and the development of community-based networks related to social, legal, financial and practical elements of care. Experiential knowledge and a sense of belonging within the community were two important factors considered essential to successful transition.Conclusion: Community nursing is a specialised practice which requires a revision of expectations, preparation for practice and acknowledgement of its value, before nurses can become responsive to the changing community emphasis on health service delivery.Potential implications: For a career pathway to accommodate early transition into community practice, key issues need to be addressed in relation to educational preparation, support for practice, and acceptance.
Teaching restorative practices through games: an experiential and relational restorative pedagogy
Authors: Pointer Lindsey , McGoey Kathleen 
Published: April 2019

Teaching restorative practices through games: an experiential and relational restorative pedagogy
This article argues for the use of games as an effective and dynamic way to teach restorative practices. Grounded in an understanding of restorative pedagogy, a paradigm of teaching in alignment with restorative values and principles, as well as experiential learning strategies, this article introduces games as a way for students to experience and more deeply understand restorative practices while building relationships and skills. Personal accounts of the authors about the impact of using games to teach restorative practices in their own communities are also included.
The attitudes of prisoners towards participation in restorative justice procedures
Authors: Peleg-Koriat Inbal , Weimann-Saks Dana 
Published: April 2019

The attitudes of prisoners towards participation in restorative justice procedures
Restorative justice can be implemented at different stages of criminal proceedings. In Israel, restorative justice processes are mainly used prior to sentencing, while there are no restorative programmes for adults following sentencing and while serving their prison sentences. The aim of the present study is to examine the possibility of implementing restorative processes within prison walls. To this end, the present study empirically investigates the level of readiness and willingness of prisoners (n = 110) from two large prisons in Israel to participate in restorative processes and examines the psychological mechanisms underlying their attitudes towards actual participation in these processes. The study proposes a model according to which the relationship between the cognitive component of attitude towards victims and the harm caused by the offence (beliefs and thoughts) and the behavioural component of attitude (the inclination to participate in restorative processes) is mediated by the affective component of attitude towards the offence (sense of guilt and shame). The findings of the study support the proposed model. The study also found that the more prisoners perceived the harm they caused as having more dimensions (physical, economic, emotional), the more positive their attitudes towards restorative justice would be. This study will advance research into restorative justice at a stage that has not previously been researched in Israel and has rarely been investigated elsewhere.
Exploring the intertwining between human rights and restorative justice in private cross-border disputes
Authors: Sá Rebelo Marta 
Published: April 2019

Exploring the intertwining between human rights and restorative justice in private cross-border disputes
International human rights instruments operate on the assumption that states are the focal human rights duty bearers. However, private actors can harm human rights as well. Moreover, since mechanisms at a supranational level are lacking, these instruments rely primarily on states for their enforcement. Yet states’ internal rules and courts are meant to address infringements that are confined within their borders, and are therefore often structurally unable to deal with violations having transnational impact. Restorative justice has proven to respond in depth to different kinds of wrongdoing and, although addressing the peculiarities of each case, restorative procedures can systemically prevent deviant behaviour as well. Additionally, as restorative justice relies on voluntary participation it need not operate in a specific territory. Having this broader picture in mind, the article explores whether restorative justice might be adequate for dealing with human rights infringements perpetrated by private actors that have cross-border impact.