bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechano-regulated metal–organic framework nanofilm for ultrasensitive and anti-jamming strain sensing
Authors: Pan Liang , Liu Gang , Shi Wenxiong , Shang Jie , Leow Wan Ru , Liu Yaqing , Jiang Ying , Li Shuzhou , Chen Xiaodong , Li Run-Wei 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe development of ultrasensitive, anti-jamming, and durable sensors that can precisely distinguish different human body motions are of great importance for smart health monitoring and diagnosis. Physical implementation of such flexible sensors is still a challenge at the moment. Combining the designs of advanced material showing excellent electrochemical properties with the facilitative structure engineering, high-performance flexible sensors that satisfy both signal detecting and recognition requirements may be made possible. Here we report the first metal–organic framework-based strain sensor with accurate signal detection and noise-screening properties. Upon doping the tricarboxytriphenyl amine-based metal–organic framework nanofilm with iodine, the two-terminal device exhibits ultrahigh sensitivity with a gauge factor exceeding 10,000 in the 2.5% to 3.3% deformation range for over 5000 dynamic operating cycles and out-of-scale noise-screening capability. The high-performance strain sensor can easily differentiate the moderate muscle hyperspasmia from subtle swaying and vigorous sporting activities.
Roquin targets mRNAs in a 3′-UTR-specific manner by different modes of regulation
Authors: Essig Katharina , Kronbeck Nina , Guimaraes Joao C. , Lohs Claudia , Schlundt Andreas , Hoffmann Anne , Behrens Gesine , Brenner Sven , Kowalska Joanna , Lopez-Rodriguez Cristina , Jemielity Jacek , Holtmann Helmut , Reiche Kristin , Hackermüller Jörg , Sattler Michael , Zavolan Mihaela , Heissmeyer Vigo 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe RNA-binding proteins Roquin-1 and Roquin-2 redundantly control gene expression and cell-fate decisions. Here, we show that Roquin not only interacts with stem–loop structures, but also with a linear sequence element present in about half of its targets. Comprehensive analysis of a minimal response element of the Nfkbid 3′-UTR shows that six stem–loop structures cooperate to exert robust and profound post-transcriptional regulation. Only binding of multiple Roquin proteins to several stem–loops exerts full repression, which redundantly involved deadenylation and decapping, but also translational inhibition. Globally, most Roquin targets are regulated by mRNA decay, whereas a small subset, including the Nfat5 mRNA, with more binding sites in their 3′-UTRs, are also subject to translational inhibition. These findings provide insights into how the robustness and magnitude of Roquin-mediated regulation is encoded in complex cis-elements.
Apoε4 disrupts neurovascular regulation and undermines white matter integrity and cognitive function
Authors: Koizumi Kenzo , Hattori Yorito , Ahn Sung Ji , Buendia Izaskun , Ciacciarelli Antonio , Uekawa Ken , Wang Gang , Hiller Abigail , Zhao Lingzhi , Voss Henning U. , Paul Steven M. , Schaffer Chris , Park Laibaik , Iadecola Costantino 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe ApoE4 allele is associated with increased risk of small vessel disease, which is a cause of vascular cognitive impairment. Here, we report that mice with targeted replacement (TR) of the ApoE gene with human ApoE4 have reduced neocortical cerebral blood flow compared to ApoE3-TR mice, an effect due to reduced vascular density rather than slowing of microvascular red blood cell flow. Furthermore, homeostatic mechanisms matching local delivery of blood flow to brain activity are impaired in ApoE4-TR mice. In a model of cerebral hypoperfusion, these cerebrovascular alterations exacerbate damage to the white matter of the corpus callosum and worsen cognitive dysfunction. Using 3-photon microscopy we found that the increased white matter damage is linked to an enhanced reduction of microvascular flow resulting in local hypoxia. Such alterations may be responsible for the increased susceptibility to hypoxic-ischemic lesions in the subcortical white matter of individuals carrying the ApoE4 allele.
Sounding-rocket microgravity experiments on alumina dust
Authors: Ishizuka Shinnosuke , Kimura Yuki , Sakon Itsuki , Kimura Hiroshi , Yamazaki Tomoya , Takeuchi Shinsuke , Inatomi Yuko 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAlumina (Al2O3) is believed to be the first major condensate to form in the gas outflow from oxygen-rich evolved stars because of the refractoriness and that α-Al2O3 (corundum, most stable polymorph) is a potential origin of a 13 μm feature that appears close to stars. However, no one has directly reproduced the 13 μm feature experimentally, and it has remained as a noteworthy unidentified infrared band. Here, we report nucleation experiments on Al2O3 nanoparticles monitored by a specially designed infrared spectrometer in the microgravity environment of a sounding rocket. The conditions approximate to those around asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars. The measured spectra of the nucleated Al2O3 show a sharp feature at a wavelength of 13.55 μm and comparable in width to that observed near oxygen-rich AGB stars. Our finding that α-Al2O3 nucleates under certain condition provides a solid basis to elaborate condensation models of dust around oxygen-rich evolved stars.
Insight into anaerobic methanotrophy from 13C/12C- amino acids and 14C/12C-ANME cells in seafloor microbial ecology
Authors: Takano Yoshinori , Chikaraishi Yoshito , Imachi Hiroyuki , Miyairi Yosuke , Ogawa Nanako O. , Kaneko Masanori , Yokoyama Yusuke , Krüger Martin , Ohkouchi Naohiko 
Published: September 2018

AbstractOceanic methane from global deep-sea sediment is largely consumed through microbially mediated sulfate-coupled oxidation, resulting in 13C-depleted cell biomass of anaerobic methanotrophic archaea (ANME). The general ecological importance of subseafloor ANME has been well recognized in the last two decades. However, the crucial biochemical pathways for the overall anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) still remain enigmatic. Here, methanotrophic pathways were analyzed to trace 13C-depleted amino acid biosynthesis in two clades of ANME (ANME-1 and ANME-2) from the Black Sea. Compound-specific analysis of ANME-dominated microbial mats showed a significant 13C-depletion trend in association with increasing carbon numbers in protein-derived amino acid families (e.g., the pyruvate family in the order of alanine, valine, isoleucine and leucine was down to −114‰). This result indicates a stepwise elongation of 13C-depleted carbon during amino acid biosynthesis. The overall results suggest that intracellular protein amino acids and the most 13C-depleted signature of leucine, which has a specific branched-chain structure, are potentially propagated as isoprenoid precursor molecules into archaeal biosynthesis, resulting in the extremely 13C- and 14C-depleted nature of ANME cells in the deep microbial oasis.
Optogenetic Peripheral Nerve Immunogenicity
Authors: Maimon Benjamin E. , Diaz Maurizio , Revol Emilie C. M. , Schneider Alexis M. , Leaker Ben , Varela Claudia E. , Srinivasan Shriya , Weber Matthew B. , Herr Hugh M. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractOptogenetic technologies have been the subject of great excitement within the scientific community for their ability to demystify complex neurophysiological pathways in the central (CNS) and peripheral nervous systems (PNS). The excitement surrounding optogenetics has also extended to the clinic with a trial for ChR2 in the treatment of retinitis pigmentosa currently underway and additional trials anticipated for the near future. In this work, we identify the cause of loss-of-expression in response to transdermal illumination of an optogenetically active peroneal nerve following an anterior compartment (AC) injection of AAV6-hSyn-ChR2(H134R) with and without a fluorescent reporter. Using Sprague Dawley Rag2−/− rats and appropriate controls, we discover optogenetic loss-of-expression is chiefly elicited by ChR2-mediated immunogenicity in the spinal cord, resulting in both CNS motor neuron death and ipsilateral muscle atrophy in both low and high Adeno-Associated Virus (AAV) dosages. We further employ pharmacological immunosuppression using a slow-release tacrolimus pellet to demonstrate sustained transdermal optogenetic expression up to 12 weeks. These results suggest that all dosages of AAV-mediated optogenetic expression within the PNS may be unsafe. Clinical optogenetics for both PNS and CNS applications should take extreme caution when employing opsins to treat disease and may require concurrent immunosuppression. Future work in optogenetics should focus on designing opsins with lesser immunogenicity.
Ratio of mitochondrial to nuclear DNA affects contamination estimates in ancient DNA analysis
Authors: Furtwängler Anja , Reiter Ella , Neumann Gunnar U. , Siebke Inga , Steuri Noah , Hafner Albert , Lösch Sandra , Anthes Nils , Schuenemann Verena J. , Krause Johannes 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIn the last decade, ancient DNA research has grown rapidly and started to overcome several of its earlier limitations through Next-Generation-Sequencing (NGS). Among other advances, NGS allows direct estimation of sample contamination from modern DNA sources. First NGS-based approaches of estimating contamination measured heterozygosity. These measurements, however, could only be performed on haploid genomic regions, i.e. the mitochondrial genome or male X chromosomes, but provided no measures of contamination in the nuclear genome of females with their two X chromosomes. Instead, female nuclear contamination is routinely extrapolated from mitochondrial contamination estimates, but it remains unclear if this extrapolation is reliable and to what degree variation in mitochondrial to nuclear DNA ratios affects this extrapolation. We therefore analyzed ancient DNA from 317 samples of different skeletal elements from multiple sites, spanning a temporal range from 7,000 BP to 386 AD. We found that the mitochondrial to nuclear DNA (mt/nc) ratio negatively correlates with an increase in endogenous DNA content and strongly influenced mitochondrial and nuclear contamination estimates in males. The ratio of mt to nc contamination estimates remained stable for overall mt/nc ratios below 200, as found particularly often in petrous bones but less in other skeletal elements and became more variable above that ratio.
Altitudinal dependence of PCBs and PBDEs in soil along the two sides of Mt. Sygera, southeastern Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Meng Wenying , Wang Pu , Yang Ruiqiang , Sun Huizhong , Matsiko Julius , Wang Dou , Zuo Peijie , Li Yingming , Zhang Qinghua , Jiang Guibin 
Published: September 2018

AbstractSurface soil samples were collected from Mt. Sygera in the southeast of Tibetan Plateau to investigate the altitudinal distribution of PCBs and PBDEs along the two sides of the mountain. The average concentrations of PCBs and PBDEs were 177 pg g−1 dw and 15 pg g−1 dw, respectively. The relationships between the log-transformed TOC-normalized concentrations and the altitudes showed different trends on the two sides. On the windward side, there was a positive correlation for the heavier PCBs; while on the leeward side, the concentrations increased and then decreased for PCBs and PBDEs at the altitude of 4100–4200 m, corresponding to the change in vegetation. The observed discrepancy on the two sides of the mountain demonstrated different key factors associated with precipitation and the forest canopy. Additionally, values of windward-leeward Enrichment Factors (W/L EFs) for the heavier PCB congeners (PCB-138, 153, and -180) were an order of magnitude higher in sites above 4200 m, which also suggested that vegetation played an important role in the altitudinal accumulation of POPs in soil. This is one of the very few studies that have revealed the differences in altitudinal accumulation of POPs along the two sides of a mountain.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Visualising the dynamics of live pancreatic microtumours self-organised through cell-in-cell invasion
Authors: Miyatake Yukiko , Kuribayashi-Shigetomi Kaori , Ohta Yusuke , Ikeshita Shunji , Subagyo Agus , Sueoka Kazuhisa , Kakugo Akira , Amano Maho , Takahashi Toshiyuki , Okajima Takaharu , Kasahara Masanori 
Published: September 2018

AbstractPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) reportedly progresses very rapidly through the initial carcinogenesis stages including DNA damage and disordered cell death. However, such oncogenic mechanisms are largely studied through observational diagnostic methods, partly because of a lack of live in vitro tumour imaging techniques. Here we demonstrate a simple live-tumour in vitro imaging technique using micro-patterned plates (micro/nanoplates) that allows dynamic visualisation of PDAC microtumours. When PDAC cells were cultured on a micro/nanoplate overnight, the cells self-organised into non-spheroidal microtumours that were anchored to the micro/nanoplate through cell-in-cell invasion. This self-organisation was only efficiently induced in small-diameter rough microislands. Using a time-lapse imaging system, we found that PDAC microtumours actively stretched to catch dead cell debris via filo/lamellipoedia and suction, suggesting that they have a sophisticated survival strategy (analogous to that of starving animals), which implies a context for the development of possible therapies for PDACs. The simple tumour imaging system visualises a potential of PDAC cells, in which the aggressive tumour dynamics reminds us of the need to review traditional PDAC pathogenesis.
Exploring gravity with the MIGA large scale atom interferometer
Authors: Canuel B. , Bertoldi A. , Amand L. , Pozzo di Borgo E. , Chantrait T. , Danquigny C. , Dovale Álvarez M. , Fang B. , Freise A. , Geiger R. , Gillot J. , Henry S. , Hinderer J. , Holleville D. , Junca J. , Lefèvre G. , Merzougui M. , Mielec N. , Monfret T. , Pelisson S. , Prevedelli M. , Reynaud S. , Riou I. , Rogister Y. , Rosat S. , Cormier E. , Landragin A. , Chaibi W. , Gaffet S. , Bouyer P. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractWe present the MIGA experiment, an underground long baseline atom interferometer to study gravity at large scale. The hybrid atom-laser antenna will use several atom interferometers simultaneously interrogated by the resonant mode of an optical cavity. The instrument will be a demonstrator for gravitational wave detection in a frequency band (100 mHz–1 Hz) not explored by classical ground and space-based observatories, and interesting for potential astrophysical sources. In the initial instrument configuration, standard atom interferometry techniques will be adopted, which will bring to a peak strain sensitivity of $${\bf{2}}\cdot {\bf{1}}{{\bf{0}}}^{-{\bf{13}}}/\sqrt{{\bf{H}}{\bf{z}}}$$
2
⋅
1

0

−
13

/

H
z

at 2 Hz. This demonstrator will enable to study the techniques to push further the sensitivity for the future development of gravitational wave detectors based on large scale atom interferometers. The experiment will be realized at the underground facility of the Laboratoire Souterrain à Bas Bruit (LSBB) in Rustrel–France, an exceptional site located away from major anthropogenic disturbances and showing very low background noise. In the following, we present the measurement principle of an in-cavity atom interferometer, derive the method for Gravitational Wave signal extraction from the antenna and determine the expected strain sensitivity. We then detail the functioning of the different systems of the antenna and describe the properties of the installation site.
Salicylic acid in Populus tomentosa is a remote signalling molecule induced by Botryosphaeria dothidea infection
Authors: Li Yong-xia , Zhang Wei , Dong Hui-xia , Liu Zhen-yu , Ma Jian , Zhang Xing-yao 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe salicylic acid (SA) plays a critical role during the establishment of systemic acquired resistance (SAR) in uninfected plant tissues after localised exposure to a pathogen. Here, we studied SA in Populus tomentosa infected by the plant pathogen Botryosphaeria dothidea. The accumulation of SA and methyl salicylate (MeSA) occurred in chronological order in P. tomentosa. The SA and MeSA contents were greater at infected than uninfected sites. Additionally, a gene expression analysis indicated that SA might be accumulated by phenylalanine ammonialyase (PAL) and converted to MeSA by SA carboxyl methyltransferase (SAMT), while MeSA might convert to SA by SA-binding protein 2 (SABP2). The expressions of SAMT at infected sites and SABP2 at uninfected sites, respectively, were significantly up-regulated. Thus, SA might be converted to MeSA at infected sites and transported as a signalling molecule to uninfected sites, where it is converted to SA for SAR. Moreover, the expressions of pathogenesis-related genes PR-1, PR-2 and PR-5 in P. tomentosa were up-regulated by the B. dothidea infection. Our study determined that variations in SA and MeSA contents occur at infected and uninfected sites in poplar after pathogen infection and contributed to the remote signals for poplar SAR.
Exploration and application of a highly sensitive bis(salamo)-based fluorescent sensor for B4O72− in water-containing systems and living cells
Authors: Pu Lu-Mei , Li Xiao-Yan , Hao Jing , Sun Yin-Xia , Zhang Yang , Long Hai-Tao , Dong Wen-Kui 
Published: September 2018

AbstractA highly selective fluorescent sensor H4L based on a bis(salamo)-type compound with two N2O2 chelating moieties as ionophore was successfully developed. Sensor H4L was found to have excellent selectivity for B4O72− over many other anions (Br−, CI−, CN−, CO32−, HCO3−, H2PO4−, HSO4−, NO3−, OAc−, S2O3−, SCN−, SO42−, Hcy (homocysteine) and H2O2), and it exhibited an approximately 150-fold enhancement of the fluorescence response to B4O72− in Tris-HCl buffer (DMF/H2O = 9:1, v/v, pH = 7) solutions. Significantly, its fluorescence intensity was enhanced in a linear fashion with increasing concentrations of B4O72−. The detection limit of sensor H4L towards B4O72− was 8.61 × 10−7 M. The test strips could conveniently, efficiently and simply detect B4O72− ions in Tris-HCl buffer (DMF/H2O = 9:1, v/v, pH = 7) solutions. Furthermore, sensor H4L showed excellent membrane permeability in living cells, and it was successfully used to monitor intracellular B4O72− by confocal luminescence imaging.
Mutagen-induced phytotoxicity in maize seed germination is dependent on ROS scavenging capacity
Authors: Zhang Yifei , Shi Haojie , Deng Benliang 
Published: September 2018

AbstractEthidium bromide (EB) and acridine orange (AO) bind to nucleic acids and are thus considered as potential mutagens. In this study, the effects of EB and AO on the germination behaviours of white, yellow, red, and purple maize seeds were investigated. The results indicate that low concentrations of EB (50 μg mL−1) and AO (500 μg mL−1) promote germination, particularly for the white and yellow seeds. However, high concentrations of EB (0.5 mg mL−1) and AO (5 mg mL−1) significantly inhibit germination, with the level of inhibition decreasing in the following order: white > yellow > red > purple. In addition, EB and AO induce H2O2 production in a concentration-dependent manner. The effects of these mutagens on seed germination were partly reversed by dimethyl thiourea, a scavenger of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and diphenylene iodonium (DPI), an inhibitor of NADPH oxidase, while the effects were enhanced by treatment with H2O2 and 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole, a specific inhibitor of catalase. In addition, AO and EB profoundly increased NADPH oxidase activities in germinating seeds. The treatment of seeds with EB and AO did not affect the growth or drought tolerance of the resultant seedlings. The findings suggest that the mechanism of mutagen toxicity is related to the induction of ROS production.
Association between Subcortical Morphology and Cerebral White Matter Energy Metabolism in Neonates with Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Gertsvolf Nina , Votava-Smith Jodie K. , Ceschin Rafael , del Castillo Sylvia , Lee Vince , Lai Hollie A. , Bluml Stefan , Paquette Lisa , Panigrahy Ashok 
Published: September 2018

AbstractComplex congenital heart disease (CHD) is associated with neurodevelopmental impairment, the mechanism of which is unknown. Cerebral cortical dysmaturation in CHD is linked to white matter abnormalities, including developmental vulnerability of the subplate, in relation to oxygen delivery and metabolism deficits. In this study, we report associations between subcortical morphology and white matter metabolism in neonates with CHD using quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and spectroscopy (MRS). Multi-modal brain imaging was performed in three groups of neonates close to term-equivalent age: (1) term CHD (n = 56); (2) preterm CHD (n = 37) and (3) preterm control group (n = 22). Thalamic volume and cerebellar transverse diameter were obtained in relation to cerebral metrics and white matter metabolism. Short echo single-voxel MRS of parietal and frontal white matter was used to quantitate metabolites related to brain maturation (n-acetyl aspartate [NAA], choline, myo-inositol), neurotransmitter (glutamate), and energy metabolism (glutamine, citrate, creatine and lactate). Multi-variate regression was performed to delineate associations between subcortical morphological measurements and white matter metabolism controlling for age and white matter injury. Reduced thalamic volume, most pronounced in the preterm control group, was associated with increased citrate levels in all three group in the parietal white matter. In contrast, reduced cerebellar volume, most pronounced in the preterm CHD group, was associated with reduced glutamine in parietal grey matter in both CHD groups. Single ventricle anatomy, aortic arch obstruction, and cyanotic lesion were predictive of the relationship between reduced subcortical morphometry and reduced GLX (particularly glutamine) in both CHD cohorts (frontal white matter and parietal grey matter). Subcortical morphological associations with brain metabolism were also distinct within each of the three groups, suggesting these relationships in the CHD groups were not directly related to prematurity or white matter injury alone. Taken together, these findings suggest that subplate vulnerability in CHD is likely relevant to understanding the mechanism of both cortical and subcortical dysmaturation in CHD infants. Future work is needed to link this potential pattern of encephalopathy of CHD (including the constellation of grey matter, white matter and brain metabolism deficits) to not only abnormal fetal substrate delivery and oxygen conformance, but also regional deficits in cerebral energy metabolism.
Light-cured polymer electrodes for non-invasive EEG recordings
Authors: de Camp Nora Vanessa , Kalinka Gerhard , Bergeler Jürgen 
Published: September 2018

AbstractWe invented the first non-metallic, self-adhesive and dry biosignalling electrode. The PEDOT polymer electrode changes its aggregate state and conductivity by a light curing procedure. The electrode can be applied as a gel underneath hair without shaving. With the aid of blue light, the electrode can be hardened within a few seconds at the desired location on the scalp. The cured polymer electrode is highly conductive and can be applied on a very small location. Unlike other EEG electrodes, our electrode does not lose conductivity upon drying. Furthermore, our electrode strongly bonds to skin and does not require any additional adhesive. Short circuits due to an outflow of gel are prevented with this technique. Therefore, the PEDOT polymer electrode is extremely well suited for applications that, up to now, have been challenging, such as non-invasive EEG recordings from awake and freely moving animals, EEG recordings from preterm babies in the neonatal intensive care unit or long-term recordings in the case of sleep monitoring or epilepsy diagnostics. We addressed two technical questions in this work. First, is the EEG recorded with polymer electrodes comparable to a standard EEG? Second, is it possible to record full-band EEGs with our electrodes?