bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Miniaturised quadrature hybrid coupler using composite planar transmission lines
Authors: Tian Haiyan , Chung Kwok L. , Liu Ruiqi , Dai Mingfu , Tang Wenzhong 
Published: July 2019

In this Letter, a novel miniaturisation technique for a 3‐dB quadrature hybrid coupler is described. The revolutionary structure is composed of folded microstrip lines and folded coplanar waveguides that are printed on the top‐ and bottom‐surfaces of a dielectric substrate, respectively. The two different planar lines are connected by copper vias to form the double‐path composite microstrip‐coplanar waveguide (CMCPW) line. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the technique, a simple yet miniaturised hybrid coupler is devised by introducing folded S‐shaped CMCPW‐lines, wherein their lengths are gradually changed to address the design goals. The simulated and measured results of the proposed coupler validate its good performance metrics in the amplitude responses of power splitting, return‐ and insertion‐loss. Moreover, its isolation and quadrature phase between outputs have been examined. A very small footprint size of 0.0667λ0 × 0.0667λ0 at 0.5 GHz has been realised.
Multi‐feature radar signal modulation recognition based on improved PSO algorithm
Authors: Gao Jing‐Peng , Shen Liang‐Xi , Ye Fang , Wang Shang‐Yue , Zhang Ran 
Published: July 2019

In order to solve the problem that radar emitter signal modulation recognition under low signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) has difficulty in selecting the parameters of the classifier and the problem of low recognition rate caused by the improper selection of features, a multi‐feature fusion modulation recognition algorithm based on improved particle swarm optimisation (PSO) algorithm is proposed. Firstly, the algorithm uses Choi–Williams distribution time–frequency analysis to transform the radar signals into time–frequency images, and combines transfer learning and principal component analysis (PCA) to extract the transfer features. Then it extracts the Renyi entropy and AR model coefficients of the signals and combines with the image features to realise multi‐feature fusion. Finally, the improved PSO algorithm optimises support vector machine parameters so that population converge quickly. The simulation results show that the recognition rate of this algorithm is 95.3% when the SNR is 0 dB. The number of iterations of this algorithm is small, the signal recognition rate of the system is improved, and the effectiveness of the system is improved by applying PCA.
Préconisations lors de la fermeture des espaces d’agénésie d’incisives latérales maxillaires : Revue systématique de la littérature
Authors: Brézulier Damien , Sorel Olivier 
Published: July 2019

Introduction : La prévalence des agénésies des incisives latérales supérieures est de l’ordre de 2% dans la population. De diagnostic souvent précoce, elles peuvent inquiéter par le préjudice esthétique occasionné en secteur antérieur avec des répercussions sur le sourire. L’objectif de cette revue systématique de littérature est d’évaluer les modifications à apporter au positionnement des canines et prémolaires lorsqu’une thérapeutique de fermeture d’espace est planifiée.
Matériel et méthode : La revue a été entreprise à partir de la base de données Medline afin d’identifier les articles précisant les paramètres de modifications des formes et des positions des canines et prémolaires maxillaires.
Résultats : Vingt et une publications ont été retenues : 5 revues narratives de la littérature, 3 descriptions de protocoles cliniques, 9 présentations de cas et 4 essais cliniques. Elles préconisent une égression, une augmentation de l’angulation corono-vestibulaire et une plastie par soustraction et addition sur les canines, accompagnée d’une ingression avec une augmentation de l’angulation corono-palatine sur les prémolaires.
Conclusion : La littérature actuelle semble faire consensus sur les informations de positionnement pour les canines et les prémolaires. Cependant, les plasties par addition sont bien plus discutées. Leur indication relevant en fait de l’anatomie initiale, il semble délicat de les standardiser.
Agénésies du secteur antérieur : comportement de l’environnement parodontal autour des implants et des prothèses implanto-portées. Discussion à propos d’un cas
Authors: Para Amandine 
Published: July 2019

L’agénésie des incisives latérales maxillaires est une situation d’édentement qui affecte à la fois l’esthétique et la fonction chez les jeunes patients. Bien que plusieurs options de traitement soient envisageables, chaque cas est différent. Établir des règles est impossible, la décision est multifactorielle et pluridisciplinaire. Elle représente un défi important pour le praticien orthodontiste, chirurgien et prothésiste. Le repositionnement mésial des canines suivi de leur coronoplastie en incisives latérales ou l’ouverture de l’espace suivie de la mise en place d’implants sont apparus récemment comme les deux approches de traitement les plus rationnelles.
Dans cet article, nous présentons un cas d’agénésies bilatérales des incisives latérales et des canines chez un patient adulte traité par une solution implantaire en chirurgie guidée. A la lumière de ce cas clinique, une revue de la littérature récente est proposée avec pour objectif de discuter des conditions parodontales autour des implants dans la situation particulière de l’agénésie des incisives latérales maxillaires.
Comparison of the Radiologic, Arthroscopic, and Clinical Outcomes between Repaired versus Unrepaired Medial Meniscus Posterior Horn Root Tear During Open Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy
Authors: Lee O-Sung , Lee Seung Hoon , Lee Yong Seuk 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe efficacy and outcomes for the concurrent repair of medial meniscus posterior horn root tear (MMPHRT) during open wedge high tibial osteotomy (OWHTO) are unclear. This study compared the radiologic, arthroscopic, and clinical outcomes between repaired and unrepaired MMPHRT during OWHTO. Fifty-seven patients were prospectively enrolled from 2014 to 2016. The radiologic, arthroscopic, and clinical outcomes were compared between 25 patients who underwent OWHTO with all-inside repair of MMPRT using FasT-Fix (repaired group) and 32 patients who underwent OWHTO without repair of MMPRT (unrepaired group) with a mean 2-year follow up in both groups. The meniscal healing status was classified as complete, partial, or no healing, according to second-look arthroscopic findings. The medial meniscal extrusion (MME) was evaluated using magnetic resonance imaging. The width of medial joint space, joint line convergence angle (JLCA), posterior tibial slope (PTS), Kellgren–Lawrence (KL) grade, hip-knee-ankle angle, and weight-bearing line ratio was evaluated on simple standing. The clinical outcomes were evaluated using the Knee Society score and the Western Ontario and McMaster University score. Healing rates (partial and complete) of the MMPHRT showed a statistical difference between the two groups (repaired group vs. unrepaired group, 19/25 (76%) vs. 13/32 (40.6%), p = 0.008). The postoperative MME showed no statistical differences between groups (repaired versus unrepaired group: 4.5 ± 1.3 mm vs. 4.5 ± 2.1 mm, p = 0.909). The postoperative width of medial joint space, JLCA, PTS, and KL grade all showed no statistical differences between groups after 2 years of OWHTO. Other radiologic parameters and clinical outcomes showed no statistical differences between groups. Repair of the MMPHRT during OWHTO showed a superior healing rate to the unrepaired MMPHRT. However, repair of the MMPHRT was not related to the radiologic and clinical outcomes. Therefore, there is no clear evidence of the need for the MMPHRT repair during OWHTO.
Volume of the Thumb Carpometacarpal Joint
Authors: Lutsky Kevin F. , Liss Fred , Graham Jack , Beredjiklian Pedro K. 
Published: July 2019

Background The volume of the carpometacarpal joint of the thumb (TCMC) and its capacity to accommodate fluid injection is unknown.
Questions/Purpose The purpose of the present study is to assess the volume of the TCMC.
Methods Forty-two thumbs undergoing surgical treatment for symptomatic TCMCJ osteoarthritis (OA) were evaluated. Prior to the start of the surgical procedure saline was injected into the TCMC until resistance was felt and no further saline could be injected. The maximum volume (MaxVol) of injectate was measured and recorded.
Results Mean MaxVol among all patients was 0.9 cc (range: 0.2–3.0 cc). There were 15 patients with 1 cc or more injected, the rest were less than 1 cc. The mean MaxVol for Eaton 2 thumbs was 1.5 cc, for Eaton 3 thumbs 0.9 cc, and for Eaton 4 thumbs 0.7 cc, with negative correlation between Eaton stage and MaxVol.
Conclusion TCMC has limited capacity for injected fluid.
Level of Evidence This is a Level II, diagnostic study.
Institutionalizing applied humanities: enabling a stronger role for the humanities in interdisciplinary research for public policy
Authors: Brom Frans W. A. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWhat can society expect from the humanities? This question is even more pressing in the discussion on the contribution of the humanities in interdisciplinary research that supports public policy in dealing with societal issues. In the science-based policy community of—mostly natural—scientists, it is clear that there are limitations in natural science approaches to public policy. This community looks at the ‘other’ disciplines in academia, including the humanities, to overcome these limitations. An analysis of these limitations as actual limits, boundaries, and necessary bounds clarifies what science advisers need from the humanities: to contextualize decontextualized science advice. Unfortunately, there is little structural dialogue between the humanities and the science advice community. One reason for this is the idea held by the humanities that its public task is to unmask power structures rather than to support them. Another reason is the lack of institutional power to engage in practical discussions on policy problems. If the humanities really want to engage in a productive conversation on its societal relevance, they should develop the idea of social impact beyond that of knowledge utilization of specific and individual projects. For many fields of science application, there are institutions in which subject-specific research is combined with knowledge-intensive policy service. The humanities need institutions for applied humanities in order to develop perspectives that help society to cope with important societal challenges.
Mosquito feeding behavior and how it influences residual malaria transmission across Africa
Authors: Sherrard-Smith Ellie , Skarp Janetta E. , Beale Andrew D. , Fornadel Christen , Norris Laura C. , Moore Sarah J. , Mihreteab Selam , Charlwood Jacques Derek , Bhatt Samir , Winskill Peter , Griffin Jamie T. , Churcher Thomas S. 
Published: July 2019

Significance
Malaria transmission persists even when mosquito control is used effectively. This “residual transmission” measures all forms of transmission that are beyond the reach of standard insecticidal nets and indoor residual spraying of insecticides when used optimally. The epidemiological importance of the time of day mosquitoes bite and how much this contributes to residual transmission is unclear. The scale of the problem must be understood to demonstrate the need for outdoor vector control tools. An additional 10.6 million clinical cases of malaria are predicted annually given the 10% higher level of outdoor biting observed here. Mosquito species and behavior data together with people’s resting and sleeping patterns are needed to fully measure indoor intervention efficacy and accurately quantify residual transmission.
Quantifier particle environments
Authors: Slade Benjamin 
Published: July 2019

AbstractI examine the set of environments in which KA-type quantifier particles appear crosslinguistically. These environments include interrogatives, disjunctions, indefinites, all of which arguably involve elements with Hamblin-type ‘alternative’ semantic values. I show that if KA-particles are assigned a uniform denotation as variables over choice functions we can account for their appearance in what otherwise appears to be a set of heterogeneous environments. Crosslinguistic and diachronic variation in the distribution of Q-particles – including, in some cases, the appearance of multiple morphologically-distinct Q-particles in different contexts – can be handled largely in terms of differing formal morphosyntactic features and/or pragmatic components of specific KA-particles. This study focuses on tracking the evolution of KA-type particles in the history of Sinhala, with comparison to other languages of the Indian subcontinent (including Malayalam and Tamil) as well as to Japanese, Tlingit, and English.
Black economic empowerment policy and state–business relations in South Africa: the case of mining
Authors: Bowman Andrew 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
The article analyses contestation of black economic empowerment ownership transfer policies in South Africa’s mining industry. Using case study material from platinum, the article examines the transition between the first Mining Charter of 2004 and the third Mining Charter of 2018. It argues that the inherent fragilities of this financialised redistribution mechanism have generated poor redistributive outcomes and achieved limited progress in the formation of a black capitalist class aligning political and economic power. This has contributed to increased factional and ideological contestation over the pace and method of economic transformation, and a deterioration in relations between the state and big business in mining.
Examination of a Group Entry Model into Alcohol and other Drug (AOD) Treatment: Improvements in Attendance, Retention, and Clinical Capacity
Authors: Sander Kim , Wilson Hollie , Kelly John , Bligh Anthony 
Published: July 2019

Background Nonattendance in alcohol and other drug (AOD) treatment has been a persistent issue for service provision. The study reports on the outcomes of implementing a group intervention, titled Getting Ready for Change (GRFC), as the default entry pathway into an AOD counseling service that aimed to improve initial attendance and retention through reduced wait days and improved clinical capacity. Methods Clients of the service ( N = 274) were offered either an individual appointment (baseline) between September 2015 and February 2016 or a group-based appointment (intervention) between September 2016 and February 2017. The samples were compared in terms of demographics, principal drug of concern, wait days to initial and follow-up appointments, and attendance. Results The implementation of GRFC reduced wait days to initial appointment from 15 to 5 days and improved initial attendance rates by 24%. Wait days to follow-up were reduced from 10 to 8, retention rates improved by 24%. Further, there was an increased service capacity to meet community demand. Conclusions A group entry model into AOD treatment is a novel intervention, is easy to implement, improves attendance and retention in treatment, reduces wait days, and enhances clinical capacity.
Quench transient current and quench propagation limit in pancake wound REBCO coils as a function of contact resistance, critical current, and coil size
Authors: Markiewicz W Denis , Painter Thomas , Dixon Iain , Bird Mark 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
It is a general belief that no insulation (NI) coil technology is a path to very high field superconducting coils. Recent experience has shown that there are aspects of NI coil design that, if not addressed, can possibly lead to coil failures. One potential problem area is the large transient currents that are associated with quench propagation in NI coils. In an attempt to understand and possibly find ways to minimize the potential for damage from quench transients, a parameter study was undertaken to examine the factors that influence the magnitude of transient currents during quench in NI coils. The characteristics of the transient currents are first examined. A study is then made of a set of test coils, looking at quench propagation and the transient current magnitude as a function of contact resistance, critical current, and importantly coil size. For each coil size, it is found that as the contact resistance increases, the magnitude of quench transient currents is reduced until a condition where effective quench propagation ceases, called the quench propagation limit (QPL). As the QPL is approached, the amplitude of the transient current is decreased and may provide a regime where quench induced stress can be effectively contained in coil designs. As coil size increases, the value of contact resistance associated with the limit of quench propagation increases as well. At large coil sizes that will be characteristic of high field REBCO magnets, the QPL extends to truly large values of contact resistance compared to values observed between bare conductors. The use of methods such as resistive films on conductors and co-wind steel will be required to increase contact resistance. In recognition of this development, the use of high contact resistance achieved in this manner is appropriately called resistive insulation coil technology.
Mobility restores the mechanism which supports cooperation in the voluntary prisoner’s dilemma game
Authors: Cardinot Marcos , O’Riordan Colm , Griffith Josephine , Szolnoki Attila 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
It is generally believed that in a situation where individual and collective interests are in conflict, the availability of optional participation is a key mechanism to maintain cooperation. Surprisingly, this effect is sensitive to the use of microscopic dynamics and can easily be broken when agents make a fully rational decision during their strategy updates. In the framework of the celebrated prisoner’s dilemma game, we show that this discrepancy can be fixed automatically if we leave the strict and frequently artifact condition of a fully occupied interaction graph, and allow agents to change not just their strategies but also their positions according to their success. In this way, a diluted graph where agents may move offers a natural and alternative way to handle artifacts arising from the application of specific and sometimes awkward microscopic rules.
Lagrangian dynamics of the coupled field-medium state of light
Authors: Partanen Mikko , Tulkki Jukka 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
In the recently introduced mass-polariton (MP) theory of light (Partanen et al 2017 Phys. Rev. A 95 063850), the optical force of light drives in a medium forward an atomic mass density wave. In this work, we present the Lagrangian formulation of the MP theory starting directly from the principle of least action and the well-known Lagrangian densities of the electromagnetic field and the medium within the special theory of relativity. The Lagrangian densities and the resulting Euler–Lagrange equations lead directly and without any further postulates to the unique expression of the optical Abraham force that dynamically couples the electromagnetic field and the medium in the MP theory of light. The field-medium coupling is symmetric and bi-directional and it fulfills the law of action and counteraction. The coupled dynamical equations also enable the exact description of the very small kinetic energy of the medium as a part of the total energy of the coupled state of light. Thus, the Lagrangian formulation of the present work is a complementary approach to Lorentz covariance properties of the MP theory discussed in our recent work (Partanen and Tulkki 2019 Phys. Rev. A 99 033852). We show how the coupled dynamical equations of the field and the medium can be solved analytically for a Gaussian light pulse. It is astonishing how the simple analytic results for the dynamical equations, the optical force, and the stress-energy-momentum tensor of the MP theory follow ab initio from the Lagrangian densities that have been well known for almost a century.
Microwave to optical conversion with atoms on a superconducting chip
Authors: Petrosyan David , Mølmer Klaus , Fortágh József , Saffman Mark 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
We describe a scheme to coherently convert a microwave photon of a superconducting co-planar waveguide resonator to an optical photon emitted into a well-defined temporal and spatial mode. The conversion is realized by a cold atomic ensemble trapped close the surface of the superconducting atom chip, near the antinode of the microwave cavity. The microwave photon couples to a strong Rydberg transition of the atoms that are also driven by a pair of laser fields with appropriate frequencies and wavevectors for an efficient wave-mixing process. With only several thousand atoms in an ensemble of moderate density, the microwave photon can be completely converted into an optical photon emitted with high probability into the phase matched direction and, e.g. fed into a fiber waveguide. This scheme operates in a free-space configuration, without requiring strong coupling of the atoms to a resonant optical cavity.
Review on process-microstructure-performance relationship in ALD-engineered SOFCs
Authors: Shin Jeong Woo , Go Dohyun , Kye Seung Hyeon , Lee Sungje , An Jihwan 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are promising candidates for next-generation energy conversion devices, and much effort has been made to lower their operating temperature for wider applicability. Recently, atomic layer deposition (ALD), a novel variant of chemical vapor deposition, has demonstrated interesting research opportunities for SOFCs due to its unique features such as conformality and precise thickness/doping controllability. Individual components of SOFCs, namely the electrolyte, electrolyte–electrode interface, and electrode, can be effectively engineered by ALD nanostructures to yield higher performance and better stability. While the particulate or porous structures may benefit the electrode performance by maximizing the surface area, the dense film effectively blocks the chemical or physical shorting even at nanoscale thickness when applied to the electrolyte, which helps to increase the performance at low operating temperature. In this article, recent examples of the application of ALD-processed nanostructures to SOFCs are reviewed, and the quantitative relationship between ALD process, ALD nanostructure and the performance and stability of SOFCs is elucidated.