bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Delphi consensus statement on intrapartum fetal monitoring in low‐resource settings
Authors: Housseine Natasha , Punt Marieke C. , Browne Joyce L. , van ‘t Hooft Janneke , Maaløe Nanna , Meguid Tarek , Theron Gerhard B. , Franx Arie , Grobbee Diederick E. , Visser Gerard H.A. , Rijken Marcus J. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo determine acceptable and achievable strategies of intrapartum fetal monitoring in busy low‐resource settings.MethodsThree rounds of online Delphi surveys were conducted between January 1 and October 31, 2017. International experts with experience in low‐resource settings scored the importance of intrapartum fetal monitoring methods.Results71 experts completed all three rounds (28 midwives, 43 obstetricians). Consensus was reached on (1) need for an admission test, (2) handheld Doppler for intrapartum fetal monitoring, (3) intermittent auscultation (IA) every 30 minutes for low‐risk pregnancies during the first stage of labor and after every contraction for high‐risk pregnancies in the second stage, (4) contraction monitoring hourly for low‐risk pregnancies in the first stage, and (5) adjunctive tests. Consensus was not reached on frequency of IA or contraction monitoring for high‐risk women in the first stage or low‐risk women in the second stage of labor.ConclusionThere is a gap between international recommendations and what is physically possible in many labor wards in low‐resource settings. Research on how to effectively implement the consensus on fetal assessment at admission and use of handheld Doppler during labor and delivery is crucial to support staff in achieving the best possible care in low‐resource settings.
Incidence of intimate partner violence among Ugandan women with pelvic floor dysfunction
Authors: Krause Hannah , Ng Shu‐Kay , Singasi Isaac , Kabugho Emma , Natukunda Harriet , Goh Judith 
Published: December 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the occurrence of intimate partner violence (IPV) among women seeking surgery for pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) in a rural African community.MethodsA prospective questionnaire‐based study was conducted among women with obstetric fistula, unrepaired obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIS), or severe (stage 3 or 4) pelvic organ prolapse (POP) who attended surgical camps at Kagando Hospital in western Uganda between July 15, 2016, and September 14, 2017. The control group comprised women without PFD. Participants completed the Hurt, Insult, Threaten, and Scream (HITS) tool and the Woman Abuse Screening Tool (WAST) to screen for IPV.Results117 of the 312 women interviewed reported current IPV: 73/214 (34.1%) in the PFD group and 44/98 (44.9%) in the control group. The PFD group comprised unrepaired OASIS (n=85, 39.7%), obstetric fistula (n=75, 35.1%), and severe POP (n=54, 25.2%). All groups experienced high levels of IPV. The frequency of positive screening results for IPV with WAST (score ≥13.0) and/or HITS (score ≥10.5) were: severe POP (n=17, 31.5%), obstetric fistula (n=28, 37.3%), unrepaired OASIS (n=30, 35.3%), and control group (n=44, 44.9%).ConclusionWomen in western Uganda experienced high rates of IPV, regardless of whether or not they had PFD.ANZCTR number: ACTRN12617001073392.
Meta‐analysis of the association between maternal subclinical hypothyroidism and gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Jia Minghan , Wu Yanxin , Lin Bo , Shi Yawei , Zhang Qi , Lin Ying , Wang Shenming , Zhang Yunjian 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundSubclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are common endocrine disorders that occur during pregnancy.ObjectiveTo determine whether the risk of GDM differs between pregnant women with normal thyroid function and those with SCH.Search strategyMEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were searched for studies published in English from inception to March 1, 2017, using combinations of the search terms “thyroid dysfunction”, “thyroid diseases”, “subclinical hypothyroidism”, “hypothyroxinemia”, “thyrotropin”, “gestational diabetes”, “hyperglycemia in pregnancy”, and “adverse pregnancy outcomes”.Selection criteriaWe selected cohort studies that included pregnant women with SCH; in which the outcome of interest was, or included, the incidence of GDM; and that had data available for both the SCH and GDM groups. Studies were excluded if assisted reproductive technologies were used to achieve pregnancy; reviews, abstracts, and case reports were also excluded.Data collection and analysisEleven studies were included in the analysis. Summary odds ratios (ORs) for the risk of GDM were calculated.Main resultsSCH with positive antithyroid autoantibodies markedly increased GDM risk (OR 3.22, 95% confidence interval 1.72–6.03, I2=55%).ConclusionSCH with positive antithyroid autoantibodies in pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of GDM.
Predictors of 30‐day morbidity after hysterectomy for benign disease
Authors: Shim Seung‐Hyuk , Suh Jung‐Hwa , Park Ji‐Eun , Lee Sun‐Joo , Lee Ji‐Young , Kim Soo‐Nyung , Kang Soon‐Beom 
Published: December 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the 30‐day morbidity rate after hysterectomy for benign disease and identify predictors of 30‐day morbidity.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted among women undergoing hysterectomy for benign indications between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2015, at Konkuk University Hospital, South Korea. Multivariable regression analysis identified independent factors for morbidity.Results1609 women were included. 30‐day morbidity rates were 4.5% (n=72) for the whole cohort: 7.5% (28/371), 3.2% (22/686), and 4.0% (22/552) for abdominal hysterectomy, laparoscopic‐assisted vaginal hysterectomy (LAVH), and vaginal hysterectomy, respectively. The most common 30‐day postoperative morbidities were urinary complications (1.2%, 20/1609), wound infection (0.9%, 14/1609), and blood transfusion more than 4 units (0.7%, 11/1609). In multivariate regression analysis, Charlson comorbidity index of 2 or more, operative time, and estimated blood loss were independently associated with morbidity. Propensity score‐matching indicated no difference in morbidity rates for the abdominal hysterectomy and LAVH or vaginal hysterectomy groups (P=0.351), whereas the LAVH or vaginal hysterectomy groups were more strongly associated with operation time, estimated blood loss, and length of postoperative hospital stay.ConclusionComorbidity index, operative time, and blood loss were independently associated with morbidity following hysterectomy. These findings supported the preoperative optimization of comorbidities and the appropriate selection of surgical approaches.
Predictive factors of subsequent insulin requirement for glycemic control during pregnancy at diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Ducarme Guillaume , Desroys du Roure François , Grange Joséphine , Vital Mathilde , Le Thuaut Aurélie , Crespin‐Delcourt Ingrid 
Published: December 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo determine maternal and biological parameters at diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) as predictors of antenatal insulin therapy (AIT) for glycemic control.MethodsIn this planned secondary analysis of a prospective observational study, we recruited women diagnosed with GDM between July 1, 2014, and October 31, 2015. Maternal and biological parameters were analyzed as predictors of AIT using multivariable logistic regression analyses. Predictive accuracy of a cut‐off value for a biological predictor was determined using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and the Youden index (J).ResultsOf 200 women included (mean gestational age 22 ± 6 weeks), 72 (36%) required AIT. No maternal characteristic was associated with AIT. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c; adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 3.15, 95% CI 1.03–9.69) and elevated 1‐hour oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT; aOR 1.23, 95% CI 1.13–1.46) were predictors of AIT. Analyses suggested inaccurate prediction of AIT, with an optimal cut‐off HbA1c value of 5.4% (J=0.14; AUC 0.58, 95% CI 0.48–0.67), and an optimal 1‐hour plasma glucose OGTT value of 1.77 mg/dL (J=0.24; AUC 0.62, 95% CI 0.50–0.74).ConclusionHbA1c at diagnosis of GDM and elevated 1‐hour OGTT were independent predictors of AIT for glycemic control.Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT02159378.
Use of a personalized iterative score to evaluate risk of venous thromboembolism during pregnancy and puerperium
Authors: Chau Cécile , Campagna Jennifer , Vial Marine , Rambeaud Caroline , Loundou Anderson , Bretelle Florence 
Published: December 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo determine whether a personalized iterative venous thromboembolism (VTE) risk score improved preventive prophylaxis during pregnancy and puerperium.MethodsAn observational retrospective comparative study was conducted at single French hospital. Women who gave birth from February 1 to April 30, 2012 (n=557) or from February 1 to April 30, 2015 (n=512) underwent VTE risk assessment. The VTE risk score comprised known risk factors for this condition.ResultsUse of the VTE risk score at the first consultation increased the likelihood of appropriate treatment (odds ratio [OR] 1.5, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.2–1.9; P=0.002) and reduced the risk of undertreatment (OR 0.5, 95% CI 0.4–0.7; P<0.001). During hospitalization and puerperium, the VTE risk score increased the likelihood of appropriate treatment. The ORs were 6.2 (95% CI 2.1–18.9; P<0.001) and 5.4 (95% CI 4.1–7.2; P<0.001), respectively. The risk of undertreatment was also reduced at these time points.ConclusionUse of the VTE risk score increased the number of appropriately treated patients during pregnancy and puerperium.
Preparation of fibrin gel scaffolds containing MWCNT/PU nanofibers for neural tissue engineering
Authors: Hasanzadeh Elham , Ebrahimi‐Barough Somayeh , Mirzaei Esmaeil , Azami Mahmoud , Tavangar Seyed Mohammad , Mahmoodi Narges , Basiri Arefeh , Ai Jafar 
Published: December 2018

AbstractCompared to the peripheral nervous system, in the central nervous system (CNS) disorders, neurons are less able to regenerate and reconstruct the neural tissue. Tissue engineering is considered as a promising approach for neural regeneration and restoring neurologic function after CNS injuries. Nanofibrous hydrogels have been recently used as three‐dimensional (3D) scaffolds for tissue engineering applications. In this kind of composites, hydrogels are incorporated with fibers to enhance their poor mechanical properties. Furthermore, introducing meshes within hydrogels can result in composites associated with advantages of both components. In the present study, we have prepared 3D nanofibrous hydrogel scaffolds based on fibrin/polyurethane/multiwall carbon nanotube (fibrin/PU/MWCNT), for application as composite scaffolds for neural tissue engineering. The fabricated fibrin/PU/MWCNT hydrogel scaffolds were characterized and their ability to support cell attachment and viability was assessed in comparison with fibrin hydrogel. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis was performed to examine the microstructural features of scaffolds. The rate of biodegradation and rheological properties of scaffolds were also investigated. After isolation of human endometrial stem cells (hEnSCs), they were cultured into the scaffolds, then their attachment and viability were assessed through SEM analysis, MTT assay and DAPI staining. Based on the results, the viability and proliferation of hEnSCs in the fibrin/PU/MWCNT hydrogels were higher than those in fibrin hydrogels. Therefore, our novel fabricated fibrin/PU/MWCNT hydrogel is able to support cell proliferation and can be used as a scaffold to provide an appropriate microenvironment for enhancing cell viability. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 107A: 802–814, 2019.
Mechanical loading induced osteocyte apoptosis and connexin 43 expression in three‐dimensional cell culture and dental implant model
Authors: Takemura Yoko , Moriyama Yasuko , Ayukawa Yasunori , Kurata Kosaku , Rakhmatia Yunia D. , Koyano Kiyoshi 
Published: December 2018

AbstractOsteocytes are thought to act as stress sensors, and are known to display a gap junction‐mediated stress‐transfer mechanism. To demonstrate the stress‐related function of osteocytes, cells of an osteocyte‐like cell line derived from murine long bone osteocyte Y4 (MLO‐Y4) were cultivated in a three‐dimensional culture and subjected to cyclic loading from a titanium plate. This application of physiological loading using a titanium plate significantly increased connexin 43 (Cx43) expression, the number of dead and apoptotic cells, and receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand expression. Furthermore, the conditioned medium from the loaded osteocytes induced alkaline phosphatase activity in bone marrow cell culture. In addition, we immunohistologically determined whether bone metabolism increased as a result of the occlusal force in the bone surrounding the titanium implants in a rat model. Increased Cx43 expression and apoptotic osteocytes were observed in the loading group as well as a significantly increased number of tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase‐positive cells. These findings indicate that stress from the implant adversely affected the osteocytes, which may promote osteoclastic and osteoblastic cell formation around the implants. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 107A: 815–827, 2019.
In vitro evaluation of electrospun blends of gelatin and PCL for application as a partial thickness corneal graft
Authors: Rose James B. , Sidney Laura E. , Patient James , White Lisa J. , Dua Harminder S. , El Haj Alicia J. , Hopkinson Andrew , Rose Felicity R.A.J. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe advent of innovative surgical procedures utilizing partial thickness corneal grafts has created a need for the development of synthetic implants to recreate corneal stromal tissue. This work evaluates electrospun gelatin and polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds as a potential biomaterial suitable for use in regeneration of corneal stromal tissue. Electrospun gelatin has been used for many years in tissue engineering; however, post‐production modification, such as crosslinking, is usually required to mechanically strengthen such scaffolds. This article aims therefore to compare glutaraldehyde (GA) crosslinked electrospun gelatin scaffolds with electrospun blends of gelatin and PCL at different ratios. Scaffolds were fabricated using electrospinning and characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Attenuated Total Reflectance‐Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, and tensile testing. To evaluate biocompatibility, primary human corneal stromal cells (hCSC) were seeded upon the scaffolds to assess adherence, proliferation, and phenotype. Results demonstrated that scaffolds fabricated from mixtures of gelatin and PCL showed increased mechanical strength and plasticity compared to scaffolds fabricated from GA crosslinked gelatin alone. In addition, scaffolds fabricated from PCL and gelatin showed comparable support of hCSC adhesion and proliferation. In conclusion, blended mixtures of gelatin and PCL can be considered as an option in the selection of corneal repair materials in the future© 2018 The Authors. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 107A: 828–838, 2019.
Biocompatibility of synthetic ultraviolet radiation cross‐linked polymers – Subcutaneous implantation study
Authors: Zair Labib , Marchlewicz Mariola , Tejchman Karol , Zeair Samir , Kędzierska Karolina , Stępniewska Joanna , Domański Maciej , Kazimierczak Arkadiusz , Duchnik Ewa , Ostrowski Marek 
Published: December 2018

AbstractPhoto‐cross‐linked polymers have attracted a lot of attention in the biomedical field. The main benefits of these materials are related to the fact that they are most of the time viscous liquids or pastes that adapt a custom and fixed shape on demand of the user. Present study deals specifically with the biological response upon subcutaneous implantation of four different materials in rabbits. In the study 20 rabbits were divided into four groups (each five rabbits): Groups 1–3 were implanted with tested new obtained by us macromonomers (P1838‐DMA; P1838‐UR; PDEGA‐UR – respectively), while group 4 (control) was implanted with the mesh (PLA) routinely used for surgical treatment of a hernia. The new compounds were polarized earlier using ultraviolet radiation to obtain cross‐linked networks. The polymers in the form of discs were then implanted subcutaneously in dorsal region of rabbits. After 28 days polymers were explanted and examined. Microscopic observation evaluated: thickness of the connective tissue capsule around the discs, cells of inflammatory response, disc surface erosion, spectroscopic analysis. The examined materials cause no chronic inflammation, abscesses or tissue necrosis, and the biological response is similar to observed in control group. Therefore, new synthetic materials could be considered as biocompatible and safe. Materials undergo slow degradation of ester bonds and surface erosion and degradation products could be eliminated probably by phagocytosis. On the basis on the afore mentioned knowledge, we formulated hypothesis, that the new polymers are well tolerated by the adjacent tissues. The aim of the following study was to examine reaction of the tissue on new types of prepolymerized material implanted subcutaneously. The obtained results suggest, that the new UV cross‐linked polymers do not affect negatively on the connective tissue that is in the contact with the implants. Furthermore, the used materials are in the liquid form, thus they could be easily performed in in minimally invasive laparoscopic treatment of abdominal hernias. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 107B: 1889–1897, 2019.
Ginkgetin aglycone attenuates the apoptosis and inflammation response through nuclear factor‐kB signaling pathway in ischemic‐reperfusion injury
Authors: Zhang Lei , Liu Jiangang , Geng Tao 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAimsAcute myocardial infarction (AMI) is one of the most threaten disease in the world. Ginkgetin aglycone (GA) was a new kind of Ginkgo biloba, involved in various diseases, including kidney injury and acute pancreatitis. However, the function of GA in AMI remains unknown. The aim of the study was to investigate the characteristics and function of GA in ischemic‐reperfusion injury.MethodsH2O
2‐ and CoCl
2‐treated H9C2 cells were used to analyze the function of GA in vitro. Caspase 3, interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), and tumor necrosis factor‐α were detected to evaluate the apoptosis and inflammation response. Rat AMI was performed to elucidate the function in vivo.ResultsWe found that GA could reduce the apoptosis and improved cell survival of H2O
2‐treated H9C2 cardiomyocytes and CoCl
2‐treated H9C2 cells. GA attenuated CoCl
2‐induced inflammatory response and the level of cleaved caspase 33, suggesting that GA could alleviate the cell apoptosis. GA improved the cardiac function and attenuated the inflammatory cell infiltration in vivo. We also found that nuclear factor‐kB signaling pathway, which was activated under hypoxia environment, was also suppressed in the GA‐treated group.ConclusionWe verified the function and mechanism of GA and provide evidence that GA may play a vital role in ischemic‐reperfusion injury, and understanding the precise role of GA will undoubtedly shed new light on the clinical treatment.
Possible mechanism of GATA4 inhibiting myocardin activity during cardiac hypertrophy
Authors: Xu Yao , Liang Chen , Luo Ying , Xing Weibing , Zhang Tongcun 
Published: December 2018

AbstractMyocardin is an important factor that regulates cardiac hypertrophy, and its activity can be regulated by GATA4. However, the molecular mechanism of the above process remains unclear. This paper presents three kinds of possible molecular mechanisms of GATA4 inhibiting myocardin activity in the process of cardiac hypertrophy. First, a competitive combination of GATA4 and SRF with myocardin could reduce the formation of the myocardin‐SRF‐CarG box complex when GATA4 was overexpressed. Second, overexpression of GATA4 could inhibit the combination of myocardin and p300 and downregulate acetylated myocardin levels. Finally, GATA4 could upregulate the phosphorylation of myocardin protein upon activation of the ERK pathway. These findings may provide insight into the function of GATA4 and myocardin in the occurrence and development of cardiac hypertrophy.
Electron microscopic observation of photoreceptor cells in directly inserted anesthetized Drosophila into a high‐pressure freezing unit
Authors: Terada Hitomi , Saitoh Yurika , Kametani Kiyokazu , Sakaguchi Masahiko , Sakamoto Takeharu , Kamijo Akio , Terada Nobuo 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe high‐pressure freezing (HPF) technique is known to cryofix water‐containing materials with little ice‐crystal formation in deep depths compared with other freezing techniques. In this study, HPF for anesthetized living Drosophila was performed by placing them directly on the carrier of the HPF unit and exposing them to light. Frozen Drosophila were freeze substituted, and their compound eyes were examined by transmission electron microscopy. The ultrastructures of ommatidia composed of photoreceptor cells were well preserved. The location of the cytoplasmic organelles inside the photoreceptor cells was observed. In some photoreceptor cells in ommatidia of the light‐exposed Drosphila, the cytoplasmic small granules were localized nearer the base of rhabdomeres, compared with those of the nonlight‐exposed Drosophila. Thus, HPF with the direct insertion of living Drosophila under light exposure into the HPF machine enabled us to examine changes to functional structures of photoreceptor cells that occur within seconds.