bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ESD versus EMR in non-ampullary superficial duodenal tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Pérez-Cuadrado-Robles Enrique , Quénéhervé Lucille , Margos Walter , Moreels Tom G. , Yeung Ralph , Piessevaux Hubert , Coron Emmanuel , Jouret-Mourin Anne , Deprez Pierre H. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Background and study aims Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) has been developed as an option for treatment of esophageal, gastric and colorectal lesions. However, there is no consensus on the role of ESD in duodenal tumors.
Methods This systematic review and meta-analysis compared ESD and endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) in sporadic non-ampullary superficial duodenal tumors (NASDTs), including local experience. We conducted a search in PubMed, Scopus and the Cochrane library up to August 2017 to identify studies that compared both techniques reporting at least one main outcome (en-bloc/complete resection, local recurrence). Pooled outcomes were calculated under fixed and random-effect models. Subgroup analyses were conducted.
Results A total of 753 patients presenting with 784 NASDTs (242 ESD, 542 EMR) in 14 studies were included. Tumor size (MD: 5.88, [CI95 %: 2.15, 9.62], P = 0.002, I2 = 79 %) and procedure time (MD: 65.65, [CI95 %: 40.39, 90.92], P < 0.00001, I2 = 88 %) were greater in the ESD group. En-bloc resection rate was significantly higher in Asian studies (OR: 2.16 [CI95 %: 1.15, 4.08], P = 0.02, I2: 46 %). ESD provided a higher complete resection rate (OR: 1.63 [I95 %: 1.06, 2.50], P = 0.03, I2: 59 %), but there was no risk difference in the risk of local recurrence (RD: – 0.03 [CI95 %: – 0.07, 0.01], P = 0.15, I2: 0 %) or delayed bleeding. ESD was associated with an increased number of intraoperative perforations [RD: 0.12 (CI95 %: 0.04, 0.20), P = 0.002, I2: 56 %] and emergency surgery for delayed perforations. The inclusion of eligible studies was limited to retrospective series with inequalities in comparative groups.
Conclusions Duodenal ESD for NASDTs may achieve higher en-bloc and complete resections at the expense of a greater perforation rate compared to EMR. The impact on local recurrence remains uncertain.
Investigation of Antidepressant, Anxiolytic and Sedative Activities of the Aqueous Leaf Extract of Musa sapientum Linn. (Banana; Musaceae)
Authors: Salako Olanrewaju , Akindele Abidemi , Balogun Aishat , Adeyemi Olufunmilayo 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Background Musa sapientum Linn. (Musaceae) is used in traditional African medicine in the management of mental disorders. This study was conducted to evaluate the central nervous system activities of the aqueous leaf extract of M. sapientum (MS).

Materials and methods MS (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg, p.o.) was administered to separate groups of mice 1 h before behavioural studies. The antidepressant effect was studied using the forced swimming test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST) while the elevated plus maze (EPM) and the hole-board tests were used to evaluate the anxiolytic effect. The probable mechanism of antidepressant-like effect was also investigated.
Results MS (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg) produced significant (P<0.0001) reduction in the duration of immobility with peak effect at 200 mg/kg (79.6%) in FST and 66.9 % in TST respectively when compared with control. The pre-treatment of mice with prazosin (α1-adrenoceptor antagonist, 62.5 µg/kg, i.p.) and sulpiride (dopamine D2 receptor antagonist, 50 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly prevented the antidepressant effect produced by MS in FST. However, pre-treatment of mice with metergoline (5-HT2 receptor antagonist, 4 mg/kg, i.p.) and yohimbine (α2-adrenoceptor antagonist, 1 mg/kg, i.p.) did not prevent the antidepressant effect of MS. In the EPM test, MS did not significantly increase open arm exploration. It also did not significantly increase the number of head dips in the hole-board test.
Conclusions Results showed that MS had antidepressant activity possibly mediated through α1-adrenergic and D2 dopaminergic receptors, without significant anxiolytic effect.
Insights into the molecular mechanism for hyperpolarization-dependent activation of HCN channels
Authors: Flynn Galen E. , Zagotta William N. 
Published: August 2018

Significance
Unlike most other voltage-activated ion channels, hyperpolarization-activated, cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels open in response to hyperpolarizing membrane voltages. The molecular mechanism that is responsible for this unique voltage dependence in HCN channels is unknown. Here, we show that the covalent linkage between the voltage-sensing domain and the pore domain, the S4-S5 linker, is not required for hyperpolarization-dependent activation or ligand-dependent gating, as previously thought. Instead the voltage-sensing domain is inhibitory on the pore domain, and hyperpolarizing voltages relieve this autoinhibition, allowing the pore to open. This model explains the unique hyperpolarization-dependent activation of HCN channels.
Developing a toolkit for the assessment and monitoring of musculoskeletal ageing
Authors: Kemp Graham J , Birrell Fraser , Clegg Peter D , Cuthbertson Daniel J , De Vito Giuseppe , van Dieën Jaap H , Del Din Silvia , Eastell Richard , Garnero Patrick , Goljanek–Whysall Katarzyna , Hackl Matthias , Hodgson Richard , Jackson Malcolm J , Lord Sue , Mazzà Claudia , McArdle Anne , McCloskey Eugene V , Narici Marco , Peffers Mandy J , Schiaffino Stefano , Mathers John C 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe complexities and heterogeneity of the ageing process have slowed the development of consensus on appropriate biomarkers of healthy ageing. The Medical Research Council–Arthritis Research UK Centre for Integrated research into Musculoskeletal Ageing (CIMA) is a collaboration between researchers and clinicians at the Universities of Liverpool, Sheffield and Newcastle. One of CIMA’s objectives is to ‘Identify and share optimal techniques and approaches to monitor age-related changes in all musculoskeletal tissues, and to provide an integrated assessment of musculoskeletal function’—in other words to develop a toolkit for assessing musculoskeletal ageing. This toolkit is envisaged as an instrument that can be used to characterise and quantify musculoskeletal function during ‘normal’ ageing, lend itself to use in large-scale, internationally important cohorts, and provide a set of biomarker outcome measures for epidemiological and intervention studies designed to enhance healthy musculoskeletal ageing. Such potential biomarkers include: biochemical measurements in biofluids or tissue samples, in vivo measurements of body composition, imaging of structural and physical properties, and functional tests. This review assesses candidate biomarkers of musculoskeletal ageing under these four headings, details their biological bases, strengths and limitations, and makes practical recommendations for their use. In addition, we identify gaps in the evidence base and priorities for further research on biomarkers of musculoskeletal ageing.
Linkage disequilibrium maps to guide contig ordering for genome assembly
Authors: Pengelly Reuben J , Collins Andrew 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

Motivation
Efforts to establish reference genome sequences by de novo sequence assembly have to address the difficulty of linking relatively short sequence contigs to form much larger chromosome assemblies. Efficient strategies are required to span gaps and establish contig order and relative orientation. We consider here the use of linkage disequilibrium (LD) maps of sequenced contigs and the utility of LD for ordering, orienting and positioning linked sequences. LD maps are readily constructed from population data and have at least an order of magnitude higher resolution than linkage maps providing the potential to resolve difficult areas in assemblies. We empirically evaluate a linkage disequilibrium map-based method using single nucleotide polymorphism genotype data in a 216 kilobase region of human 6p21.3 from which three shorter contigs are formed.

Results
LD map length is most informative about the correct order and orientation and is suggested by the shortest LD map where the residual error variance is close to one. For regions in strong LD this method may be less informative for correcting inverted contigs than for identifying correct contig orders. For positioning two contigs in linkage disequilibrium with each other the inter-contig distances may be roughly estimated by this method.

Availability and implementation
The LDMAP program is written in C for a linux platform and is available at https://www.soton.ac.uk/genomicinformatics/research/ld.page.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Clinical Importance of Myc Family Oncogene Aberrations in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Jung MoonSun , Russell Amanda J , Kennedy Catherine , Gifford Andrew J ,   Australian Ovarian Cancer Study Group, Mallitt Kylie-Ann , Sivarajasingam Siva , Bowtell David D , DeFazio Anna , Haber Michelle , Norris Murray D , Henderson Michelle J 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

Background
The Myc oncogene family has been implicated in many human malignancies and is often associated with particularly aggressive disease, suggesting Myc as an attractive prognostic marker and therapeutic target. However, for epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), there is little consensus on the incidence and clinical relevance of Myc aberrations. Here we comprehensively investigated alterations in gene copy number, expression, and activity for Myc and evaluated their clinical significance in EOC.

Methods
To address inconsistencies in the literature regarding the definition of copy number variations, we developed a novel approach using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) coupled with a statistical algorithm to estimate objective thresholds for detecting Myc gain/amplification in large cohorts of serous (n = 150) and endometrioid (n = 80) EOC. MYC, MYCN, and MYCL1 mRNA expression and Myc activity score for each case were examined by qPCR. Kaplan–Meier and Cox-regression analyses were conducted to assess clinical significance of Myc aberrations.

Results
Using a large panel of cancer cell lines (n = 34), we validated the statistical algorithm for determining clear thresholds for Myc gain/amplification. MYC was the most predominantly amplified of the Myc oncogene family members, and high MYC mRNA expression levels were associated with amplification in EOC. However, there was no association between prognosis and increased copy number or gene expression of MYC/MYCN/MYCL1 or with a pan-Myc transcriptional activity score, in EOC, although MYC amplification was associated with late stage and high grade in endometrioid EOC.

Conclusion
A systematic and comprehensive analysis of Myc genes, transcripts, and activity levels using qPCR revealed that although such aberrations commonly occur in EOC, overall they have limited impact on outcome, suggesting that the biological relevance of Myc oncogene family members is limited to certain subsets of this disease.
Formation of a counter-rotating stellar population in the Large Magellanic Cloud: a Magellanic triplet system?
Authors: Armstrong B , Bekki K 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACT
The Large Magellanic Cloud is observed to have a counter-rotating stellar population in its disc, which has not been reproduced in previous simulations of the Magellanic system. We propose a new scenario in which the origin of this counter-rotating stellar population is the result of a minor retrograde merger with another dwarf galaxy more than 3 Gyr ago, and investigate this scenario using our hydrodynamical simulations. Our simulations show that such merging can result in a counter-rotating stellar component and a co-rotating gaseous component. We show that this counter-rotating population would not be radially concentrated, but found throughout the Large Magellanic Cloud. The thin disc of the Large Magellanic Cloud is thickened by the merging. We suggest that the Magellanic Clouds were originally a triplet system containing this companion galaxy. We then discuss previous observations of the Magellanic Clouds in the context of a triplet dwarf system, and discuss how such a merger could occur.
X-ray Swift observations of SN 2018cow
Authors: Rivera Sandoval L E , Maccarone T J , Corsi A , Brown P J , Pooley D , Wheeler J C 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Supernova (SN) 2018cow is an optical transient detected in the galaxy CGCG 137–068. It has been classified as an SN due to various characteristics in its optical spectra. The transient is also a bright X-ray source. We present results of the analysis of ∼62 ks of X-ray observations taken with the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory over 27 d. We found a variable behaviour in the 0.3–10 keV X-ray light curve of SN 2018cow, with variability time-scales of days. The observed X-ray variability could be due to the interaction between the SN ejecta and a non-uniform circumstellar medium, perhaps related to previous mass ejections from a luminous-blue-variable-like progenitor.
Endoscopic Endonasal Petrosectomy: Anatomical Investigation, Limitations, and Surgical Relevance
Authors: Borghei-Razavi Hamid , Truong Huy Q , Fernandes Cabral David T , Sun Xicai , Celtikci Emrah , Wang Eric , Snyderman Carl , Gardner Paul A , Fernandez-Miranda Juan C 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

BACKGROUND
The endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) was recently added to the neurosurgical armamentarium as an alternative approach to the petrous apex (PA) region. However, the maximal extension, anatomical landmarks, and indications of this procedure remain to be established.

OBJECTIVE
To investigate the limitations and suggest a classification of PA lesions for endoscopic petrosectomy.

METHODS
Five anatomical specimens were dissected with EEA to the PA. Anatomical landmarks for the surgical steps and maximal limits were noted. Pre- and postprocedural computed tomographic scan and image-guidance were used. Relevant surgical cases were reviewed and presented.

RESULTS
We defined 3 types of petrosectomy: medial, inferior, and inferomedial. Medial petrosectomy was limited within the paraclival internal carotid artery (ICA) anteriorly, lacerum ICA inferiorly, abducens nerve superiorly, and petrous ICA laterally. Among those, abducens nerve and petrous ICA are surgical limits. Full skeletonization of the paraclival ICA and removal of the lingual process are essential for better access to the medial aspect of PA. Inferior petrosectomy was defined by the lacerum foramen synchondrosis anteriorly, jugular foramen inferiorly, internal acoustic canal posteriorly, and PA superolaterally. Those are surgical limits except for the foramen lacerum synchondrosis. The connective tissue at the pterygosphenoidal fissure was a key landmark for the sublacerum approach. Clinical cases in 3 types of PA lesions were presented.

CONCLUSION
The EEA provides access to the medial and inferior aspects of the PA. Several technical maneuvers, including paraclival and lacerum ICA skeletonization, sublacerum approach, and lingual process removal, are key to maximize PA drilling.
Reaching beyond the ‘worried well’: pre-adoption characteristics of participants in ‘Men on the Move’, a community-based physical activity programme
Authors: Kelly Liam , Harrison Michael , Richardson Noel , Carroll Paula , Robertson Steve , Keohane Aisling , Donohoe Alex 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

Background
Issues surrounding gender and men’s health have become an increasing focus of public health globally. Unhealthy lifestyles and lower engagement in health promotion initiatives contributed to lower life expectancy and higher mortality rates among men. This study presents the pre-adoption characteristics of men who registered for ‘Men on the Move’—a community-based physical activity (CBPA) programme, to ascertain whether the programme reached its intended target group, i.e. ‘at-risk’ adult men who did not meet physical activity (PA) guidelines and were likely to have multiple risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Methods
Multiple recruitment strategies were adopted to engage the target group and baseline data collection included a range of demographic, self-report and outcome measures.

Results
The recruitment strategy succeeded in reaching the target group, with the majority (n = 927) presenting being previously inactive (89.0%), overweight/obese (89.7%) and having multiple CVD risk factors (53.1% ≥ 2 risk factors). However, the strategy was less successful in engaging ‘hard-to-reach’ groups, with the majority being middle-aged, white, married/cohabiting, educated and employed.

Conclusions
A gender-sensitized, partnership and community outreach recruitment strategy can maximize the reach and recruitment of an ‘at-risk’ cohort for CBPA initiatives, but more targeted approaches are needed to recruit marginalized groups of men.
Anesthetics Have Different Effects on the Electrocorticographic Spectra of Wild-type and Mitochondrial Mutant Mice
Authors: Carspecken Charles William , Chanprasert Sirisak , Kalume Franck , Sedensky Margaret M. , Morgan Philip G. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

Editor’s Perspective

What We Already Know about This Topic

What This Article Tells Us That Is New

Background
Knockout of the mitochondrial protein Ndufs4 (Ndufs4[KO]) in mice causes hypersensitivity to volatile anesthetics but resistance to ketamine. The authors hypothesized that electrocorticographic changes underlying the responses of Ndufs4(KO) to volatile anesthetics and to ketamine would be similar in mutant and control mice.

Methods
Electrocorticographic recordings at equipotent volatile anesthetic concentrations were compared between genotypes. In separate studies, control and cell type-specific Ndufs4(KO) mice were anesthetized with intraperitoneal ketamine to determine their ED50s.

Results

Ndufs4 (KO) did not differ from controls in baseline electrocorticography (N = 5). Compared to baseline, controls exposed to isoflurane (EC50) lost power (expressed as mean baseline [µV2/Hz]; mean isoflurane [µV2/Hz]) in delta (2.45; 0.50), theta (1.41; 0.16), alpha (0.23; 0.05), beta (0.066; 0.016), and gamma (0.020; 0.005) frequency bands (N = 5). Compared to baseline, at their isoflurane EC50, Ndufs4(KO) maintained power in delta (1.08; 1.38), theta (0.36; 0.26), and alpha (0.09; 0.069) frequency bands but decreased in beta (0.041; 0.023) and gamma (0.020; 0.0068) frequency bands (N = 5). Similar results were seen for both genotypes in halothane. Vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (VGLUT2)-specific Ndufs4(KO) mice were markedly resistant to ketamine (ED50; 125 mg/kg) compared to control mice (ED50; 75 mg/kg; N = 6). At their respective ED95s for ketamine, mutant (N = 5) electrocorticography spectra showed a decrease in power in the beta (0.040; 0.020) and gamma (0.035; 0.015) frequency bands not seen in controls (N = 7).

Conclusions
Significant differences exist between the electrocorticographies of mutant and control mice at equipotent doses for volatile anesthetics and ketamine. The energetic state specifically of excitatory neurons determines the behavioral response to ketamine.
Supervised Machine-learning Predictive Analytics for Prediction of Postinduction Hypotension
Authors: Kendale Samir , Kulkarni Prathamesh , Rosenberg Andrew D. , Wang Jing 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

Editor’s Perspective

What We Already Know about This Topic

What This Article Tells Us That Is New

Background
Hypotension is a risk factor for adverse perioperative outcomes. Machine-learning methods allow large amounts of data for development of robust predictive analytics. The authors hypothesized that machine-learning methods can provide prediction for the risk of postinduction hypotension.

Methods
Data was extracted from the electronic health record of a single quaternary care center from November 2015 to May 2016 for patients over age 12 that underwent general anesthesia, without procedure exclusions. Multiple supervised machine-learning classification techniques were attempted, with postinduction hypotension (mean arterial pressure less than 55 mmHg within 10 min of induction by any measurement) as primary outcome, and preoperative medications, medical comorbidities, induction medications, and intraoperative vital signs as features. Discrimination was assessed using cross-validated area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. The best performing model was tuned and final performance assessed using split-set validation.

Results
Out of 13,323 cases, 1,185 (8.9%) experienced postinduction hypotension. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve using logistic regression was 0.71 (95% CI, 0.70 to 0.72), support vector machines was 0.63 (95% CI, 0.58 to 0.60), naive Bayes was 0.69 (95% CI, 0.67 to 0.69), k-nearest neighbor was 0.64 (95% CI, 0.63 to 0.65), linear discriminant analysis was 0.72 (95% CI, 0.71 to 0.73), random forest was 0.74 (95% CI, 0.73 to 0.75), neural nets 0.71 (95% CI, 0.69 to 0.71), and gradient boosting machine 0.76 (95% CI, 0.75 to 0.77). Test set area for the gradient boosting machine was 0.74 (95% CI, 0.72 to 0.77).

Conclusions
The success of this technique in predicting postinduction hypotension demonstrates feasibility of machine-learning models for predictive analytics in the field of anesthesiology, with performance dependent on model selection and appropriate tuning.
Preoperative Epoetin-α with Intravenous or Oral Iron for Major Orthopedic Surgery
Authors: Biboulet Philippe , Bringuier Sophie , Smilevitch Pierre , Loupec Thibault , Thuile Caroline , Pencole Mathieu , Maissiat Guillaume , Dangelser Gaëtan , Capdevila Xavier 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

Editor’s Perspective

What We Already Know about This Topic

What This Article Tells Us That Is New

Background
Preoperative administration of epoetin-α with iron is commonly used in anemic patients undergoing major orthopedic surgery, but the optimal route of iron intake is controversial. The aim of this study was to compare the clinical effects of erythropoietin in combination with oral or intravenous iron supplementation.

Methods
This study was a prospective, randomized, single-blinded, parallel arm trial. Patients scheduled for elective hip or knee arthroplasty with hemoglobin 10 to 13 g/dl received preoperative injections of erythropoietin with oral ferrous sulfate or intravenous ferric carboxymaltose. The primary endpoint was the hemoglobin value the day before surgery.

Results
One hundred patients were included in the analysis. The day before surgery, hemoglobin, increase in hemoglobin, and serum ferritin level were higher in the intravenous group. For the intravenous and oral groups, respectively, hemoglobin was as follows: median, 14.9 g/dl (interquartile range, 14.1 to 15.6) versus 13.9 g/dl (interquartile range, 13.2 to 15.1), group difference, 0.65 g/dl (95% CI, 0.1 to 1.2; P = 0.017); increase in hemoglobin: 2.6 g/dl (interquartile range, 2.1 to 3.2) versus 1.9 g/dl (interquartile range, 1.4 to 2.5), group difference, 0.7 g/dl (95% CI, 0.3 to 1.1; P < 0.001); serum ferritin: 325 µg/l (interquartile range, 217 to 476) versus 64.5 µg/l (interquartile range, 44 to 107), group difference, 257 µg/l (95% CI, 199 to 315; P < 0.001). The percentage of patients with nausea, diarrhea, or constipation was higher in the oral group, 52% versus 2%; group difference, 50% (95% CI, 35 to 64%; P < 0.0001).

Conclusions
After preoperative administration of erythropoietin, body iron stores and stimulation of the erythropoiesis were greater with intravenous ferric carboxymaltose than with oral ferrous sulfate supplementation.