bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maternal Asthma Is an Independent Risk Factor for Long-Term Respiratory Morbidity of the Offspring
Authors: Shoham-Vardi I. , Goldbart A. , Sergienko R. , Sheiner E. , Spiegel E. 
Published: March 2018

Objective The objective of this study was to investigate whether maternal bronchial asthma increases the risk for long-term respiratory morbidity of the offspring.
Study Design A population-based cohort study compared the incidence of long-term pediatric hospitalizations due to respiratory disease of the offspring of mothers with and without bronchial asthma. Deliveries occurred between the years 1991 and 2014 in a tertiary medical center. Congenital malformations as well as multiple pregnancies were excluded. Kaplan–Meier's survival curve was used to estimate cumulative incidence of respiratory morbidity. A multivariate generalized estimating equation (GEE) logistic regression model analysis was used to control for confounders.
Results During the study period, 253,808 deliveries met the inclusion criteria; of which 1.3% were born to mothers with bronchial asthma (n = 3,411). During the follow-up period, children born to women with bronchial asthma had a significantly higher rate of long-term respiratory morbidity (odds ratio [OR] = 1.5; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.3–1.7; p < 0.001). Specifically, the rate of childhood asthma was higher among offspring of mothers with asthma (OR = 2.3; 95% CI = 1.8–2.9; p < 0.001). Children born to women with asthma had higher cumulative incidence of respiratory morbidity, using a Kaplan–Meier's survival curve (log-rank test; p < 0.001). Using two multivariable GEE logistic regression models, controlling for the time to event, maternal age, and gestational age at delivery, maternal bronchial asthma was found to be an independent risk factor for long-term respiratory disease of the offspring (adjusted OR = 1.6; 95% CI = 1.4–1.9; p < 0.001), and specifically for bronchial asthma (adjusted OR = 2.5; 95% CI = 1.9–3.1; p < 0.001).
Conclusion Maternal bronchial asthma is an independent risk factor for long-term respiratory morbidity of the offspring.
Colon cleansing protocol in children: research conditions vs. clinical practice
Authors: Elitsur Yoram , Balfaqih Yaslam , Preston Deborah 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Background and study aims Colon preparation rates are the limiting factor for a successful diagnostic colonoscopy in children. Different colon cleansing protocols have been published for use in children. Unfortunately, the applicability of those published research protocols has not been formally evaluated in routine clinical practice. We investigated the success rate of our previously published colon cleansing protocol as utilized in our clinical practice.
Patients and methods This was a retrospective study. In the clinical practice, the colon cleansing protocol included PEG-3350 at a dose of 2 g/kg/day plus Dulcolax (Bisacodyl, Boehringer Ingelheim, TX USA) 5 mg/day for 2 days. Adequate colon preparation was graded between 1 – 5, as previously described, and grade ≥ 4.0 was considered an adequate preparation. Patients were instructed to complete a questionnaire that included PEG-3350 dose, number of stools per day, consistency of each stool, and side effects (vomiting, abdominal pain). Clinical and endoscopic results were compared between the protocol under research conditions and routine practice.
Results The success rate of the colon preparation in our clinical practice was similar to the results observed under our research protocol (75 % vs. 73.6 %). Moreover, the total number of stools, stool consistency, and the intubation rate of the terminal ileum were also similar. We concluded, that in our experience, the colon cleansing protocol used under research conditions was effective and appropriate for use in routine clinical practice.
Conclusion We recommend testing each new protocol under the routine conditions of clinical practice to confirm its applicability for general practitioners.
Perspectives on endoscopic submucosal dissection training in the United States: a survey analysis
Authors: Schlachterman Alexander , Yang Dennis , Goddard April , Gotoda Takuji , Draganov Peter 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Background and study aims Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is a widely accepted method for en-bloc resection of dysplastic lesions and early cancer in Asia and Europe. A limiting factor in adoption of ESD in the United States is perceived lack of training opportunities. The aims of this study were to: (1) evaluate ESD experience of attendees at a University-sponsored ESD training course; (2) characterize effectiveness of the current ESD training regimen and its impact on ESD adoption in the United States; and (3) gauge trainees’ attitude towards ESD.
Patients and methods An electronic anonymous survey was distributed to the 86 physicians who participated in the University of Florida’s annual ESD course from 2014 to 2016. Main outcomes included participants’ practice setting, prior training, current ESD techniques, and planned training.
Results A total of 34 participants (40 %) completed the survey. Most of the respondents routinely use one or more endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) techniques (97.1 %) in their practice. Most respondents (79 %) had no experience with ESD on humans prior to the ESD course. Following completion of course training, more participants reported ongoing hands-on ESD exposure, with 15/34 (44 %) having performed ESD in humans. Most participants identified potential hurdles for adoption of ESD.
Conclusion A dedicated ESD training course with hands-on experience, under the guidance of experts, notably increased use of ESD among participants. Limited availability of structured training opportunities, concerns over procedural length, lack of adequate number of lesions, and potential for serious adverse events (AEs) were identified as the main factors slowing adoption of ESD in the United States.
Endoscopic versus percutaneous management for symptomatic pancreatic fluid collections: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Khan Muhammad , Hammad Tariq , Khan Zubair , Lee Wade , Gaidhane Monica , Tyberg Amy , Kahaleh Michel 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Background Symptomatic pancreatic fluid collections (PFCs) are managed by surgical, percutaneous, or endoscopic drainage. Due to morbidity associated with surgical drainage, percutaneous and/or endoscopic options have increasingly been used as initial management.
Aims We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis comparing the efficacy and safety of endoscopic versus percutaneous drainage for management of PFCs.
Methods We searched several databases from inception through 31 August 2017 to identify comparative studies using endoscopic or percutaneous drainage for PFCs. Our primary outcome was clinical success. Secondary outcomes were technical success, adverse events (AE), rates of recurrence, requirement for subsequent procedures, and length of stay in hospital. Pooled risk ratios (RR) and mean difference (MD) were calculated for categorical and continuous outcomes, respectively.
Results Seven studies with 490 patients were included in the final analysis. Pooled RR for clinical success was 0.40 (0.26, 0.61), I
2 = 42 % in favor of endoscopic management. On sensitivity analysis, after excluding one study on patients with walled-off necrosis (WON), the clinical success was 0.43 (0.28, 0.66) with no heterogeneity. Pooled RR for technical success was 1.50 (0.52, 4.37) with no heterogeneity. Pooled RR for AE and rate of recurrence were 0.77 (0.46, 1.28) and 0.60 (0.29, 1.24), respectively. Pooled MD for length of stay in hospital and rate of re-intervention were – 8.97 (– 12.88, – 5.07) and – 0.66 (– 0.93, – 0.38), respectively, in favor of endoscopic drainage.
Conclusions Endoscopic drainage should be the preferred therapeutic modality for PFCs compared to percutaneous drainage as it is associated with significantly better clinical success, a lower re-intervention rate, and a shorter hospital length of stay.This study was presented as an abstract at Digestive Disease Week 2017 in Chicago, USA.
Intermedia visual agenda setting
Authors: Lough Kyser 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
This study combines and extends two existing aspects of agenda setting: intermedia and visual agenda setting. It defines and explores intermedia visual agenda setting by comparing the Associated Press’ top photos to what appears on the front pages of top-circulation U.S. newspapers. Only 25.88% of Associated Press photos used on the front pages came from the Associated Press’ top visual agenda, but findings indicate top general news photos are more likely to be used and top sports photos are less likely to be used. Additionally, photos from the Associated Press’ top visual agenda are more likely to be in non-dominant positions on the front page. These findings indicate that some intermedia visual agenda setting takes place and calls for more research in this area.
Democratization or censorship?
Authors: De Maio Mariana 
Published: March 2018

AbstractUsing second-level agenda setting, this paper examines the coverage of Argentina’s 2009 media reform. To investigate the attributes the media used, data were collected from three national newspapers’ online publications (Clarín, La Nación, andPágina/12). Results from the analysis suggest that the newspapers used different attributes and tone based on their political leanings. Content analysis before and after selected court’s rulings on the new media law demonstrate thatLa NaciónandClaríntended to converge in the way they used attributes and tone. When the rulings went against the interests ofClarínandLa Nación, both newspapers reacted negatively, in tone and attribute, relative toPágina/12.
Lessons Learned from the Implementation of a Medically Enhanced Residential Treatment (MERT) Model Integrating Intravenous Antibiotics and Residential Addiction Treatment
Authors: Englander Honora , Wilson Talitha , Collins Devin , Phoutrides Elena , Weimer Melissa , Korthuis P. Todd , Calcagni Jessica , Nicolaidis Christina 
Published: March 2018

Background Hospitalizations for severe infections associated with substance use disorder (SUD) are increasing. People with SUD often remain hospitalized for many weeks instead of completing intravenous antibiotics at home; often, they are denied skilled nursing facility admission. Residential SUD treatment facilities are not equipped to administer intravenous antibiotics. We developed a medically enhanced residential treatment (MERT) model integrating residential SUD treatment and long-term IV antibiotics as part of a broader hospital-based addiction medicine service. MERT had low recruitment and retention, and ended after six months. The goal of this study was to describe the feasibility and acceptability of MERT, to understand implementation factors, and explore lessons learned. Methods We conducted a mixed-methods evaluation. We included all potentially eligible MERT patients, defined by those needing ≥2 weeks of intravenous antibiotics discharged from February 1 to August 1, 2016. We used chart review to identify diagnoses, antibiotic treatment location, and number of recommended and actual IV antibiotic-days completed. We audio-recorded and transcribed key informant interviews with patients and staff. We conducted an ethnographic analysis of interview transcripts and implementation field notes. Results Of the 45 patients needing long-term intravenous antibiotics, 18 were ineligible and 20 declined MERT. 7 enrolled in MERT and three completed their recommended intravenous antibiotic course. MERT recruitment barriers included patient ambivalence towards residential treatment, wanting to prioritize physical health needs, and fears of untreated pain in residential. MERT retention barriers included high demands of residential treatment, restrictive practices due to PICC lines, and perceptions by staff and other residents that MERT patients “stood out” as “different.” Despite the challenges, key informants felt MERT was a positive construct. Conclusions Though MERT had many possible advantages; it proved more challenging to implement than anticipated. Our lessons may be applicable to future models integrating post-hospital intravenous antibiotics and SUD care.
Establish a special conservation zone for the captive giant panda
Authors: Chen Yi-ping , Ellison Aaron M. , Lu Yong-long 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT

The giant panda (
Ailuropoda melanoleuca
) is recognized worldwide as an icon for wildlife conservation. Since the introduction in 1992 of reliable methods for artificial insemination, the population of captive pandas has grown to approximately 350 individuals in 2013. However, captive panda populations are harmed by environmental pollution, diseases transmitted from domestic animals, and other anthropologenic activities. Although the Chinese government has proposed the creation of a Giant Panda National Park, there are at least three reasons that suggest that it is premature to reintroduce captive pandas into this proposed national park. First, habitat fragmentation remains the greatest threat to survival of giant pandas; second, most captive pandas are hybrids of the Sichuan and Qinling subspecies and release of hybrids may lead to further introgression between the two subspecies; and third, captive pandas may be competitively inferior to wild pandas in the region, and may not survive fights for food or mates. As an alternative, we suggest establishing a special conservation zone in the Shennongjia National Nature Reserve for wild training of captive pandas prior to their reintroduction into the National Park.
Analysis of Compositions and Physical Characteristics of Different Rice From Heilongjiang China
Authors: Chen Fenglian , Li Xinming , Lv Mingshou , Shi Yanguo 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Diversity and correlation between composition, texture characteristics and sensory features of twenty kinds of purebred rice from Heilongjiang China were studied. Experimental results showed significant differences in content of fat, amylose and protein, however those differences were not extended to perceived taste evaluation by sensory evaluation. More protein led to lower viscosity but better hardness and springiness, higher amylose content resulted lower taste but higher springiness. Moisture content was significantly negatively correlated with resilience; the content of protein was significantly positively correlated with resilience. The adhesiveness of texture characteristic and the viscosity of taste showed significant positive correlation.
Reconstruction of Cyber and Physical Software Using Novel Spread Method
Authors: Ma Wubin , Deng Su , Huang Hongbin 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Cyber and Physical software has been concerned for many years since 2010. Actually, many researchers would disagree with the deployment of traditional Spread Method for reconstruction of Cyber and physical software, which embodies the key principles reconstruction of cyber physical system. NSM(novel spread method), our new methodology for reconstruction of cyber and physical software, is the solution to all of these challenges.
Torsion and K-theory for Some Free Wreath Products
Authors: Freslon Amaury , Martos Rubén 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
We classify torsion actions of free wreath products of arbitrary compact quantum groups by $S_{N}^{+}$ and use this to prove that if $\mathbb{G}$ is a torsion-free compact quantum group satisfying the strong Baum–Connes property then $\mathbb{G}\wr _{\ast }S_{N}^{+}$ also satisfies the strong Baum–Connes property. We then compute the K-theory of free wreath products of classical and quantum free groups by $SO_{q}(3)$.
Six-vertex Models and the GUE-corners Process
Authors: Dimitrov Evgeni 
Published: March 2018

AbstractWe consider a class of probability distributions on the six-vertex model, which originates from the higher spin vertex models of [13]. We define operators, inspired by the Macdonald difference operators, which extract various correlation functions, measuring the probability of observing different arrow configurations. For the class of models we consider, the correlation functions can be expressed in terms of multiple contour integrals, which are suitable for asymptotic analysis. For a particular choice of parameters we analyze the limit of the correlation functions through the steepest descent method. Combining this asymptotic statement with some new results about Gibbs measures on Gelfand–Tsetlin cones and patterns, we show that the asymptotic behavior of our six-vertex model near the boundary is described by the Gaussian Unitary Ensemble-corners process.
A novel long non-coding RNA Myolinc regulates myogenesis through TDP-43 and Filip1
Authors: Militello Giuseppe , Hosen Mohammed Rabiul , Ponomareva Yuliya , Gellert Pascal , Weirick Tyler , John David , Hindi Sajedah Mahmoud , Mamchaoui Kamel , Mouly Vincent , Döring Claudia , Zhang Lidan , Nakamura Miki , Kumar Ashok , Fukada So-ichiro , Dimmeler Stefanie , Uchida Shizuka 
Published: March 2018

AbstractMyogenesis is a complex process required for skeletal muscle formation during embryonic development and for regeneration and growth of myofibers in adults. Accumulating evidence suggests that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play key roles in regulating cell fate decision and function in various tissues. However, the role of lncRNAs in the regulation of myogenesis remains poorly understood. In this study, we identified a novel muscle-enriched lncRNA called ‘Myolinc (AK142388)’, which we functionally characterized in the C2C12 myoblast cell line. Myolinc is predominately localized in the nucleus, and its levels increase upon induction of the differentiation. Knockdown of Myolinc impairs the expression of myogenic regulatory factors and formation of multi-nucleated myotubes in cultured myoblasts. Myolinc also regulates the expression of Filip1 in a cis-manner. Similar to Myolinc, knockdown of Filip1 inhibits myogenic differentiation. Furthermore, Myolinc binds to TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43), a DNA/RNA-binding protein that regulates the expression of muscle genes (e.g. Acta1 and MyoD). Knockdown of TDP-43 inhibits myogenic differentiation. We also show that Myolinc−TDP-43 interaction is essential for the binding of TDP-43 to the promoter regions of muscle marker genes. Finally, we show that silencing of Myolinc inhibits skeletal muscle regeneration in adult mice. Altogether, our study identifies a novel lncRNA that controls key regulatory networks of myogenesis.
Home Environmental Contamination Is Associated with Community-associated Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus Re-colonization in Treated Patients
Authors: Davis Meghan , Morris Daniel , Cluzet Valerie , Bilker Warren , Tolomeo Pam , Julian Kathleen G , Baron Patrick , Brazil Amy , Ferguson Jacqueline , Iverson Sally Ann , Shahbazian Jonathan , Ludwig Shanna , Hu Baofeng , Rankin Shelley , Nachamkin Irving , Lautenbach Ebbing ,   CDC Prevention Epicenters Network
Published: March 2018

Abstract

Background
Strategies to interrupt household transmission of community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) that target human colonization show mixed results. Our aim was to determine whether home environmental contamination and pet carriage with MRSA were associated with re-colonization or persistent colonization of index patients diagnosed with CA-MRSA skin or soft-tissue infection (SSTI).

Methods
Index patients from a randomized controlled trial (NCT00966446) that tested household-wide decolonization of people were eligible to participate in this substudy. Before randomization, eight environmental sites and all pets were sampled in the home. Patients were treated by their physician for the initial SSTI between diagnosis (visit 0) and the home visit (visit 1). They provided swabs every 2 weeks for 3 months (7 visits). After broth-enrichment culture, MRSA isolates were PCR-confirmed and spa-typed.

Results
Of 88 index patients recruited from the main trial, 64 (73%) provided swabs for ≥3 visits and were included in this analysis. At visit 1, 41 (64%) households were MRSA contaminated and 6 (9%) had MRSA-positive pet(s). All MRSA-positive pets lived in homes with MRSA environmental contamination. After visit 1, 42 (66%) index patients and their household members were block-randomized to nasal mupirocin and chlorhexidine body wash decolonization. Thirty-seven (58%) index patients had two consecutive negative swabs (de-colonized); 13 (35%) of these later were MRSA-positive (re-colonized). Patients with home contamination had higher rates of re-colonization than those without (Cox proportional hazard ratio 6.0 [95% CI: 1.2, 30.6], P &lt; 0.03). Persistent colonization (all or all but one swab positive) was identified in 6 (9%) of index patients and was associated with identification of matching spa-types in environmental and subsequent human MRSA isolates (P &lt; 0.05).

Conclusion
In patients with MRSA SSTI, MRSA-contaminated homes, and potentially MRSA-positive pets, are associated with re-colonization and persistent colonization. Future studies are needed to determine whether environmental decontamination can improve the success of household decolonization interventions.

Disclosures
All authors: No reported disclosures.
How Do Advanced Molecular Tests Compare to Routine Clinical Laboratory Evaluation of CSF in Meningoencephalitis? A Study in 10 Urban Emergency Departments Across the USA
Authors: Merlin Toby L , Chancey Scott , Zheng Yueli , Bowzard Brad , Fischer Leah , Parker Todd , Pillai Satish , Talan David , Moran Gregory , Krishnadasan Anusha , Santibanez Scott ,   The EMERGEncy ID Net Study Group
Published: March 2018

Abstract

Background
The EMERGEncy ID Net Study Group is investigating whether advanced molecular tests (AMT) increase the detection of causative agents in the CSF of patients presenting with meningoencephalitis (ME). We report findings from a pilot study using AMT on 18 CSF samples from 10 US Urban Emergency Departments. The purpose of the pilot was to compare the performance of these four AMT to established clinical laboratory methods.

Methods
We investigated four AMT: (1) BioFire FilmArray ME Panel targeting 14 causative agents; (2) an in-house target-directed next generation sequencing assay targeting 25 agents; (3) a microarray capable of detecting &gt;2,500 agents; and (4) deep metagenomic next generation sequencing. For targeted sequencing, loci from 12 DNA-based and 13 RNA-based pathogens were amplified from the extracts by multiplex PCR. All sequencing was performed on an Illumina MiSeq using 500 cycle v2 Reagent Kits. Reads from the targeted sequencing were aligned to the 25 specific reference target sequences using Bowtie2 while metagenomics reads were processed with the taxonomic sequence classifying software Kraken. For microarray analysis, Lawrence Livermore Microbial Detection Array v2 arrays were hybridized with Cy3-labeled DNA or cDNA. Scanned images of arrays were analyzed by CLiMax 3.1.

Results
Eight CSF samples had results positive for well-established causes of ME from prior testing (Table). The pilot study demonstrated none of the four AMT detected all causative agents in the eight CSF samples known to have well-established causes of ME. BioFire and targeted sequencing performed best, both detecting 6/8, metagenomics deep sequencing detected 3/8, and microarray detected 1/8.

Conclusion
Despite the sophistication of AMT, they cannot detect pathogens they do not target, that are present in small numbers, or that have been eliminated from the CSF by the immune response. Despite the theoretical potential for microarray and metagenomic sequencing to detect thousands of different agents, the agents probably must be present at high levels for detection.

Disclosures
All authors: No reported disclosures.