bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Solitary fibrous tumor/hemangiopericytoma: treatment results based on the 2016 WHO classification
Authors: Sung Kyoung Su , Moon Ju Hyung , Kim Eui Hyun , Kang Seok-Gu , Kim Se Hoon , Suh Chang-Ok , Kim Sun Ho , Lee Kyu-Sung , Chang Won Seok , Chang Jong Hee 
Published: March 2018

OBJECTIVESolitary fibrous tumor/hemangiopericytoma (SFT/HPC) is a new combined entity for which a soft-tissue–type grading system, ranging from grades I to III, has been introduced in the 2016 WHO classification of tumors of the CNS. The results of the treatment of this new disease entity require evaluation.METHODSThe authors retrospectively reevaluated the pathological findings and medical records of patients with SFT/HPC. This study included 60 patients (27 men and 33 women, median age 42.5 years, range 13–69 years) treated at Severance Hospital between February 1981 and February 2016. Four, 40, and 16 patients were categorized as having SFT/HPC grades I, II, and III, respectively. Among these patients, SFTs diagnosed in 7 patients were regraded as grades I (n = 4), II (n = 2), and III (n = 1).RESULTSThe median overall survival (OS) was 73.2 months (range 1.4–275.7 months), and the progression-free survival (PFS) after the first operation was 53.8 months (range 1.4–217.7 months). Six patients (10%) showed extracranial metastasis during a median period of 103.7 months (range 31.9–182.3 months). Nineteen patients (31.7%) presented with tumor recurrences. The patients in the grade III group had shorter PFS and OS, as well as a shorter period to extracranial metastasis, compared with patients in the grade II group. In the grade II group, patients who underwent gross-total resection showed longer PFS than those who underwent subtotal resection; however, there was no difference in OS. Patients who underwent adjuvant radiation therapy (RT) after surgery had longer PFS compared with that of patients who did not undergo adjuvant RT.CONCLUSIONSThe SFT/HPC grade I group showed a relatively benign course compared with those of the other groups. The grade III group presented a course with a more aggressive nature than that of the grade II group. In the grade II group, the extent of resection and adjuvant RT was significantly associated with longer PFS. The long-term follow-up and periodic systemic evaluation are mandatory to detect systemic metastasis.
Neural Restoration Training improves visual functions and expands visual field of patients with homonymous visual field defects
Authors: Casco Clara , Barollo Michele , Contemori Giulio , Battaglini Luca 
Published: March 2018

Background: In recent years, the introduction of visual rehabilitation for patients with homonymous visual field defects has been met with both enthusiasm and caution. Despite the evidence that restitutive training results in expansion of the visual field, several concerns have been raised. Objective: We tested the effectiveness of a new rehabilitative protocol called “Neuro Restoration Training” (NRT) in reducing visual field defects and in restituting visual functions in the restored hemianopic area. Methods: Ten patients with homonymous visual field defects (lesion age >6 months) where trained in detecting low contrast Gabor patches randomly presented in the blind field, which refers to regions of 0 dB sensitivity, and along the hemianopic boundary between absolute (0 dB) and partial blindness (>0 dB). Training included static, drifting, and flickering Gabors in different blocks. Positions along the hemianopic boundary were systematically shifted toward the blind field according to the threshold reduction during the training. Before and after the training, we assessed visual field expansion and improvement in different high-level transfer tasks (i.e., letter identification and shape recognition) performed in the hemianopic boundary and in the blind field. Results: NRT led to significant visual field enlargement (≈5 deg), as indicated by the conventional Humphrey perimetry, and two custom made evaluations of visual field expansion with eye movement control (one static and one dynamic). The restored area acquired new visual functions such as small letter recognition and perception of moving shapes. Finally, for some patients, NRT also improved detection, either aware or not, of high contrast flickering grating and recognition of geometrical shapes entirely presented within the blind field. Conclusion: These results suggest that NRT may lead to visual field enlargement and translate into untrained visual functions.
A wearable resistive robot facilitates locomotor adaptations during gait
Authors: Washabaugh Edward P. , Krishnan Chandramouli 
Published: March 2018

Background: Robotic-resisted treadmill walking is a form of task-specific training that has been used to improve gait function in individuals with neurological injury, such as stroke, spinal cord injury, or cerebral palsy. Traditionally, these devices use active elements (e.g., motors or actuators) to provide resistance during walking, making them bulky, expensive, and less suitable for overground or in-home rehabilitation. We recently developed a low-cost, wearable robotic brace that generates resistive torques across the knee joint using a simple magnetic brake. However, the possible effects of training with this device on gait function in a clinical population are currently unknown. Objective: The purpose of this study was to test the acute effects of resisted walking with this device on kinematics, muscle activation patterns, and gait velocity in chronic stroke survivors. Methods: Six stroke survivors wore the resistive brace and walked on a treadmill for 20 minutes (4×5 minutes) at their self-selected walking speed while simultaneously performing a foot trajectory-tracking task to minimize stiff-knee gait. Electromyography, sagittal plane gait kinematics, and overground gait velocity were collected to evaluate the acute effects of the device on gait function. Results: Robotic-resisted treadmill training resulted in a significant increase in quadriceps and hamstring EMG activity during walking. Significant aftereffects (i.e., improved joint excursions) were also observed on the hip and knee kinematics, which persisted for several steps after training. More importantly, training resulted in significant improvements in overground gait velocity. These results were consistent in all the subjects tested. Conclusion: This study provides preliminary evidence indicating that robotic-resisted treadmill walking using our knee brace can result in meaningful biomechanical aftereffects that translate to overground walking.
Paired associative stimulation modulates corticomotor excitability in chronic stroke: A preliminary investigation
Authors: Palmer Jacqueline A. , Wolf Steven L. , Borich Michael R. 
Published: March 2018

Background: Paired associative stimulation (PAS) combining repeated pairing of electrical stimulation of a peripheral nerve with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) over the primary motor cortex (M1) can induce neuroplastic adaptations in the human brain and enhance motor learning in neurologically-intact individuals. However, the extent to which PAS is an effective technique for inducing associative plasticity and improving motor function in individuals post-stroke is unclear. Objective: The objective of this pilot study was to investigate the effects of a single session of PAS to modulate corticomotor excitability and motor skill performance in individuals post-stroke. Methods: Seven individuals with chronic stroke completed two separate visits separated by at least one week. We assessed general corticomotor excitability, intracortical network activity and behavioral outcomes prior to and at three time points following PAS and compared these outcomes to those following a sham PAS condition (PASSHAM). Results: Following PAS, we found increased general corticomotor excitability but no significant difference in behavioral measures between PAS conditions. There was a relationship between PAS-induced corticomotor excitability increase and enhanced motor skill performance across post-PAS testing time points. Conclusion: These results provide preliminary evidence for the potential of PAS to increase corticomotor excitability that could favorably impact motor skill performance in chronic individuals post-stroke and are an important first step for future studies investigating the clinical application and behavioral relevance of PAS interventions in post stroke patient populations.
Rehabilitation of stroke patients with plegic hands: Randomized controlled trial of expanded Constraint-Induced Movement therapy
Authors: Uswatte Gitendra , Taub Edward , Bowman Mary H. , Delgado Adriana , Bryson Camille , Morris David M. , Mckay Staci , Barman Joydip , Mark Victor W. 
Published: March 2018

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of an expanded form of Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy (eCIMT) that renders CIMT, originally designed for treating mild-to-moderate upper-extremity hemiparesis, suitable for treating severe hemiparesis. Methods: Twenty-one adults ≥1 year after stroke with severe upper-extremity hemiparesis (with little or no capacity to make movements with the more-affected hand) were randomly assigned to eCIMT ( n = 10), a placebo-control procedure ( n = 4), or usual care ( n = 7). The participants who received usual care were crossed over to eCIMT four months after enrollment. The CIMT protocol was altered to include fitting of orthotics and adaptive equipment, selected neurodevelopmental techniques, and electromyography-triggered functional electrical stimulation. Treatment was given for 15 consecutive weekdays with 6 hours of therapy scheduled daily for the immediate eCIMT group and 3.5 hours daily for the cross-over eCIMT group. Results: At post-treatment, the immediate eCIMT group showed significant gains relative to the combination of the control groups on the Grade-4/5 Motor Activity Log (MAL; mean = 1.5 points, P < 0.001, f = 4.2) and a convergent measure, the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM; mean = 2.3, P = 0.014, f = 1.1; f values ≥0.4 are considered large, on the COPM changes ≥2 are considered clinically meaningful). At 1-year follow-up, the MAL gains in the immediate eCIMT group were only 13% less than at post-treatment. The short and long-term outcomes of the crossover eCIMT group were similar to those of the immediate eCIMT group. Conclusions: This small, randomized controlled trial (RCT) suggests that eCIMT produces a large, meaningful, and persistent improvement in everyday use of the more-affected arm in adults with severe upper-extremity hemiparesis long after stroke. These promising findings warrant confirmation by a large RCT.
Un affranchi de la colonie à Narbonne : le quotidien municipal et l’accès au monde des affaires
Authors: Christol Michel 
Published: March 2018

The second reading of an inscription from Narbonne (CIL, XII, 4983 = HGL,
XV, 668) highlights the existence of a freedman of the colony. His nomen is
Martius. The onomastic investigation is moving towards another inscription that could be attached to the epigraphic corpus of Narbonne (ILGN, 564) and to the personality of L(ucius) Satullus Martius, merchant of " wine from Béziers" known at Rome (CIL, XV, 4542), also a descendant of a freedman of this colony of Narbonne.
Ages and Heavy Element Abundances from Very Metal-poor Stars in the Sagittarius Dwarf Galaxy*
Authors: Hansen Camilla Juul , El-Souri Mariam , Monaco Lorenzo , Villanova Sandro , Bonifacio Piercarlo , Caffau Elisabetta , Sbordone Luca 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Sagittarius (Sgr) is a massive disrupted dwarf spheroidal galaxy in the Milky Way halo that has undergone several stripping events. Previous chemical studies were restricted mainly to a few, metal-rich ([Fe/H]

) stars that suggested a top-light initial mass function (IMF). Here we present the first high-resolution, very metal-poor ([Fe/H] =−1 to −3) sample of 13 giant stars in the main body of Sgr. We derive abundances of 13 elements, namely C, Ca, Co, Fe, Sr, Ba, La, Ce, Nd, Eu, Dy, Pb, and Th, that challenge the interpretation based on previous studies. Our abundances from Sgr mimic those of the metal-poor halo, and our most metal-poor star ([Fe/H]

) indicates a pure r-process pollution. Abundances of Sr, Pb, and Th are presented for the first time in Sgr, allowing for age determination using nuclear cosmochronology. We calculate ages of

. Most of the sample stars have been enriched by a range of asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars with masses between 1.3 and 5 M
⊙. Sgr J190651.47–320147.23 shows a large overabundance of Pb (2.05 dex) and a peculiar abundance pattern best fit by a 3 M
⊙ AGB star. Based on star-to-star scatter and observed abundance patterns, a mixture of low- and high-mass AGB stars and supernovae (15–25 M
⊙) is necessary to explain these patterns. The high level (0.29 ± 0.05 dex) of Ca indicates that massive supernovae must have existed and polluted the early ISM of Sgr before it lost its gas. This result is in contrast with a top-light IMF with no massive stars polluting Sgr.
On Presolar Stardust Grains from CO Classical Novae
Authors: Iliadis Christian , Downen Lori N. , José Jordi , Nittler Larry R. , Starrfield Sumner 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
About 30%–40% of classical novae produce dust 20–100 days after the outburst, but no presolar stardust grains from classical novae have been unambiguously identified yet. Although several studies claimed a nova paternity for certain grains, the measured and simulated isotopic ratios could only be reconciled, assuming that the grains condensed after the nova ejecta mixed with a much larger amount of close-to-solar matter. However, the source and mechanism of this potential post-explosion dilution of the ejecta remains a mystery. A major problem with previous studies is the small number of simulations performed and the implied poor exploration of the large nova parameter space. We report the results of a different strategy, based on a Monte Carlo technique, that involves the random sampling over the most important nova model parameters: the white dwarf composition; the mixing of the outer white dwarf layers with the accreted material before the explosion; the peak temperature and density; the explosion timescales; and the possible dilution of the ejecta after the outburst. We discuss and take into account the systematic uncertainties for both the presolar grain measurements and the simulation results. Only those simulations that are consistent with all measured isotopic ratios of a given grain are accepted for further analysis. We also present the numerical results of the model parameters. We identify 18 presolar grains with measured isotopic signatures consistent with a CO nova origin, without assuming any dilution of the ejecta. Among these, the grains G270_2, M11-334-2, G278, M11-347-4, M11-151-4, and Ag2_6 have the highest probability of a CO nova paternity.
The Roles of Fluid Compression and Shear in Electron Energization during Magnetic Reconnection
Authors: Li Xiaocan , Guo Fan , Li Hui , Birn Joachim 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Particle acceleration in space and astrophysical reconnection sites is an important unsolved problem in studies of magnetic reconnection. Earlier kinetic simulations have identified several acceleration mechanisms that are associated with particle drift motions. Here, we show that, for sufficiently large systems, the energization processes due to particle drift motions can be described as fluid compression and shear, and that the shear energization is proportional to the pressure anisotropy of energetic particles. By analyzing results from fully kinetic simulations, we show that the compression energization dominates the acceleration of high-energy particles in reconnection with a weak guide field, and the compression and shear effects are comparable when the guide field is 50% of the reconnecting component. Spatial distributions of those energization effects reveal that reconnection exhausts, contracting islands, and island-merging regions are the three most important regions for compression and shear acceleration. This study connects particle energization by particle guiding-center drift motions with that due to background fluid motions, as in the energetic particle transport theory. It provides foundations for building particle transport models for large-scale reconnection acceleration such as those in solar flares.
Is Molecular Cloud Turbulence Driven by External Supernova Explosions?
Authors: Seifried Daniel , Walch Stefanie , Haid Sebastian , Girichidis Philipp , Naab Thorsten 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
We present high-resolution (∼0.1 pc), hydrodynamical and magnetohydrodynamical simulations to investigate whether the observed level of molecular cloud (MC) turbulence can be generated and maintained by external supernova (SN) explosions. The MCs are formed self-consistently within their large-scale galactic environment following the non-equilibrium formation of H2 and CO, including (self-) shielding and important heating and cooling processes. The MCs inherit their initial level of turbulence from the diffuse ISM, where turbulence is injected by SN explosions. However, by systematically exploring the effect of individual SNe going off outside the clouds, we show that at later stages the importance of SN-driven turbulence is decreased significantly. This holds for different MC masses as well as for MCs with and without magnetic fields. The SN impact also decreases rapidly with larger distances. Nearby SNe (d ∼ 25 pc) boost the turbulent velocity dispersions of the MC by up to 70% (up to a few km s−1). For d > 50 pc, however, their impact decreases fast with increasing d and is almost negligible. For all probed distances the gain in velocity dispersion decays rapidly within a few 100 kyr. This is significantly shorter than the average timescale for an MC to be hit by a nearby SN under solar neighborhood conditions (∼2 Myr). Hence, at these conditions SNe are not able to sustain the observed level of MC turbulence. However, in environments with high gas surface densities and SN rates, like the Central Molecular Zone, observed elevated MC dispersions could be triggered by external SNe.
Neutron Star Natal Kick and Jets in Core Collapse Supernovae
Authors: Bear Ealeal , Soker Noam 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
We measure the angle between the neutron star (NS) natal kick direction and the inferred direction of jets according to the morphology of 12 core collapse supernova remnants (SNR), and find that the distribution is almost random, but missing small angles. The 12 SNRs are those for which we could both identify morphological features that we can attribute to jets and for which the direction of the NS natal kick is given in the literature. Unlike some claims for spin-kick alignment, here we rule out jet-kick alignment. We discuss the cumulative distribution function of the jet-kick angles under the assumption that dense clumps that are ejected by the explosion accelerate the NS by the gravitational attraction, and suggest that the jet feedback explosion mechanism might in principle account for the distribution of jet-kick angles.
Analyse de la demande en formation : structuration de l’entretien et préoccupations du formateur
Authors: Faulx Daniel , Danse Cédric 
Published: March 2018

Cet article examine un acte considéré comme essentiel pour une ingénierie de formation efficace : l’analyse de la demande de formation. Il analyse plus particulièrement les préoccupations des professionnels durant cette activité ainsi que les grandes phases de ces entretiens. S’inscrivant dans le paradigme de l’action située, et plus précisément du cours d’action, cette étude offre un regard inédit sur à une pratique largement usitée par les formateurs, mais rarement abordée de manière systématique et avec l’aide des outils et des cadres théoriques de l’analyse de l’activité. Notre recherche met en œuvre une situation quasi-expérimentale en plaçant les sujets de la recherche (trois novices et trois experts) en situation d’entretien d’analyse de la demande avec un professionnel qui joue un scénario chaque fois identique, mais s’adaptant en fonction des actions et réactions des professionnels. Le processus d’analyse a été mené en deux temps. Le premier est centré sur les préoccupations des professionnels qui réalisent l’analyse de la demande, à l’aide d’un entretien d’autoconfrontation. Le second porte sur l’activité elle-même, à l’aide d’une analyse des traces vidéo de ces mêmes entretiens par notre équipe de recherche. La comparaison novice-expert est utilisée pour les deux temps de l’analyse. Les autoconfrontations ont permis de dégager les composantes hexadiques de l’activité, fondée sur l’approche de Theureau, spécifiquement huit préoccupations majeures qui constituent les sources de l’expertise en la matière. Les analyses de traces, de leur côté, montrent qu’il est possible de distinguer sept phases bien distinctes de ce type d’entretien. En croisant ces deux sources d’information et ces deux natures de résultats que sont les préoccupations des acteurs et les caractéristiques de l’activité elle-même, l’article permet de dégager une meilleure compréhension de cette activité complexe et d’envisager des pistes didactiques pour les professionnels de la formation quant à la conduite de ce type d’entretien.
Le travail par projets : quels risques psychosociaux ? Contraintes, ressources, stratégies
Authors: Heck Mickael , Faulx Daniel 
Published: March 2018

Le but de cette étude est d’identifier les contraintes et ressources rencontrées associés spécifiquement au monde de travail par projet. En effet, la littérature montre que cette configuration organisationnelle est de plus en plus présente dans les organisations contemporaines (Demerouti, Bakker, Nachreiner & Schaufeli, 2001) et qu’elle pose des questions spécifiques de psychologie du travail. Fondée sur neuf études de cas, l’exploration clinique du discours des participants a, entre autres, mis en évidence des contraintes relatives à des périodes de forte charge de travail, à l’absence de vision commune du projet et des résultats, au manque de formalisation de la gestion de projet, ainsi qu’à la complexité et au manque de lisibilité des relations avec la ligne hiérarchique. En termes de ressources, les entretiens ont principalement mis en lumière la criticité de mettre en place un pilotage de projets dynamique et continu à partir de la phase « amont » du projet, ainsi que la mise en lien des acteurs-projet par la création d’espaces de coordination et de dialogue nécessaires. Mots-clés : projet, charge psychosociale, stress, ressources, management par projet