bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Robust and Versatile Biodegradable Unclonable Anti‐Counterfeiting Labels with Multi‐Mode Optical Encoding Using Protein‐Mediated Luminescent Calcite Signatures
Authors: Wang Ziting , Li Meng , Fu Yinghao , Wang Yu , Lu Yanqing 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPhysical unclonable functions (PUFs) are emerging as a cutting‐edge technology for enhancing information security by providing robust security authentication and non‐reproducible cryptographic keys. Incorporating renewable and biocompatible materials into PUFs ensures safety for handling, compatibility with biological systems, and reduced environmental impact. However, existing PUF platforms struggle to balance high encoding capacity, diversified encryption signatures, and versatile functionalities with sustainability and biocompatibility. Here, all‐biomaterial‐based unclonable anti‐counterfeiting labels featuring multi‐mode encoding, multi‐level cryptographic keys, and multiple authentication operations are developed by imprinting biomimetic‐grown calcites on versatile silk protein films. In this label, the inherent non‐clonability comes from the randomized characteristics of calcites, mediated by silk protein during crystal growth. The successful embedding of photoluminescent molecules into calcite lattices, assisted by silk protein, allows the resulting platform to utilize fluorescence patterns alongside birefringence for high‐capacity encoding. This design facilitates easy and rapid authentication through Hamming distance and convolutional neural networks using standard cameras and portable microscopes. Moreover, angle‐dependent polarization patterns enable multi‐level key generation, while multi‐spectral fluorescence signals offer multi‐channel keys. The developed anti‐counterfeiting labels combine biodegradability, green manufacture, easy authentication, high‐level complexity, low cost, robustness, patternability, and versatility, offering a practical and high‐security solution to combat counterfeiting across various applications.
Thermionic Emission in Artificially Structured Single‐Crystalline Elemental Metal/Compound Semiconductor Superlattices
Authors: Rawat Rahul Singh , Rao Dheemahi , Rudra Sourav , Raut Nilesh , Biswas Bidesh , Karanje Renuka , Das Prasanna , Pillai Ashalatha Indiradevi Kamalasanan , Bahk Je‐Hyeong , Garbrecht Magnus , Saha Bivas 
Published: December 2024

AbstractMetal/semiconductor superlattices represent a fascinating frontier in materials science and nanotechnology, where alternating layers of metals and semiconductors are precisely engineered at the atomic and nano‐scales. Traditionally, epitaxial metal/semiconductor superlattice growth requires constituent materials from the same family, exhibiting identical structural symmetry and low lattice mismatch. Here, beyond this conventional constraint, a novel class of epitaxial lattice‐matched metal/semiconductor superlattices is introduced that utilizes refractory hexagonal elemental transition metals and wide‐bandgap III‐nitride semiconductors. Exemplified by the Hf/AlN superlattices exhibiting coherent layer‐by‐layer epitaxial growth, cross‐plane thermionic emission is observed through current–voltage measurements accomplished for the first time in any metal/semiconductor superlattices. Further, thermoreflectance measurements reveal significant enhancement in cross‐plane Seebeck coefficients attributed to carrier energy filtering by Schottky barriers. Demonstration of artificially structured elemental‐metal/wide‐bandgap compound‐semiconductor superlattices promises to usher in new fundamental physics studies and cutting‐edge applications such as tunable hyperbolic metamaterials, quantum computing, and thermionic‐emission‐based thermoelectric and thermophotonic energy conversion devices.
Wireless Modular Implantable Neural Device with One‐touch Magnetic Assembly for Versatile Neuromodulation
Authors: Kang Inho , Bilbily John , Kim Choong Yeon , Shi Chuanqian , Madasu Manish K. , Jeong Eun Young , Parker Kyle E. , Kwon Do A , Jung Bum‐Joon , Yang Jae‐Soon , Lee Juhyun , Kabbaj Noah D.L. , Lee Wonhee , Yoon Jun‐Bo , Al‐Hasani Ream , Xiao Jianliang , McCall Jordan G. , Jeong Jae‐Woong 
Published: December 2024

AbstractMultimodal neural interfaces open new opportunities in brain research by enabling more sophisticated and systematic neural circuit dissection. Integrating complementary features across distinct functional domains, these multifunctional neural probes have greatly advanced the interrogation of complex neural circuitry. However, introducing multiple functionalities into a compact form factor for freely behaving animals presents substantial design hurdles that complicate the device or require more than one device. Moreover, fixed functionality poses challenges in meeting the dynamic needs of chronic neuroscience inquiry, such as replacing consumable parts like batteries or drugs. To address these limitations, the modular implantable neural device (MIND) is introduced with a one‐touch magnetic assembly mechanism. Leveraging the seamless exchange of neural interface modules such as optical stimulation, drug delivery, and electrical stimulation, MIND ensures functional adaptability, reusability, and scalability. The versatile design of MIND will facilitate brain research by enabling simplified access to multiple functional modalities as needed.
Nanosurface‐Reconstructed Fuel Electrode by Selective Etching for Highly Efficient and Stable Solid Oxide Cells
Authors: Sun Yueyue , Zhou Jun , Yang Jiaming , Neagu Dragos , Liu Zhengrong , Yin Chaofan , Xue Zixuan , Zhou Zilin , Cui Jiajia , Wu Kai 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSolid oxide cells (SOCs) are promising energy‐conversion devices due to their high efficiency under flexible operational modes. Yet, the sluggish kinetics of fuel electrodes remain a major obstacle to their practical applications. Since the electrochemically active region only extends a few micrometers, manipulating surface architecture is vital to endow highly efficient and stable fuel electrodes for SOCs. Herein, a simple selective etching method of nanosurface reconstruction is reported to achieve catalytically optimized hierarchical morphology for boosting the SOCs under different operational modes simultaneously. The selective etching can create many corrosion pits and exposure of more B‐site active atoms in Sr2Co0.4Fe1.2Mo0.4O6‐δ fuel electrode, as well as promote the exsolution of CoFe alloy nanoparticles. An outstanding electrochemical performance of the fabricated cell with the power density increased by 1.47 times to 1.31 W cm−2 at fuel cell mode is demonstrated, while the current density reaches 1.85 A cm−2 under 1.6 V at CO2 electrolysis mode (800 °C). This novel selective etching method in perovskite oxides provides an appealing strategy to fabricate hierarchical electrocatalysts for highly efficient and stable SOCs with broad implications for clean energy systems and CO2 utilization.
Trace Multifunctional Additive Enhancing 4.8 V Ultra‐High Voltage Performance of Ni‐Rich Cathode and SiOx Anode Battery
Authors: Zhang Yujing , Zhang Yiming , Wang Xiaoyi , Gong Haochen , Cao Yu , Ma Kang , Zhang Shaojie , Wang Shaowei , Yang Wensheng , Wang Lve , Sun Jie 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe combination of high‐voltage Ni‐rich cathodes and high‐capacity Si‐based anodes can result in high energy density for next‐generation batteries. However, the practical capacities accesses are severely hindered by unstable electrode/electrolyte interphases (EEI) and irreversible structural degradation, which necessitates efficient additives in electrolyte for generating stable EEI. Herein, a multifunctional additive, 3‐Fluoro‐5‐(4,4,5,5‐tetramethyl‐1,3,2‐dioxaborolan‐2‐yl)picolinonitrile (FTDP) is proposed to construct robust interfaces at both cathodic and anodic surface, so as to enhance electrochemical performance. FTDP is preferentially decomposed to form B‐contained and cyano (CN) group‐rich cathode electrolyte interphase (CEI), as well as LiF‐, Li3N‐rich solid electrolyte interphase (SEI), simultaneously, resulting in the integrity and stability of electrodes. Moreover, the FTDP‐derived CEI can suppress transition metal ions dissolution, further facilitating battery cyclability. The multifunctionality of FTDP, including quenching free radicals, alleviating the hydrolysis of LiPF6 and inhibiting HF generation, thus greatly improving interfacial stability. With trace addition of 0.2 wt.%, NCM811/Li cell can be performed at an extreme condition, i.e., ultra‐high voltage (4.8 V), high temperature (60 °C) and high rate (10C). 1.6 Ah NCM811/SiOx pouch cell delivers a high capacity retention of 84.0% after 300 cycles.
Abundance, Sex and Size Distribution of European Green Crabs, Carcinus maenas (Linnaeus, 1785), at Natural and Aquacultured Oyster Areas in Great Bay Estuary, NH
Authors: Meyer‐Rust Kelsey , Lee Bo‐Young , Moll Remington J. , Strickland Alyssa , Bradt Gabriela , Goldstein Jason S. , Brown Bonnie L. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTGreat Bay Estuary (GBE) is a complex estuarine system at the convergence of seven rivers, ocean and land. The GBE ecosystem supports typical estuarine species but, like many estuaries, has been a target of both invasive and range‐expanding species. The goal of this study was to compare abundance, sex and size distribution of green crabs between oyster farm sites and non‐farmed sites within GBE in 2021 and 2022. Overall catch was higher in 2021 compared to 2022. The highest population of green crabs was estimated to be in the farm area around Cedar Point, and natural/restoration area near Moody Point had the smallest European green crab population. In both years, the majority of green crabs captured (98%) were adult males, and few were juveniles captured. At the last sampling date of 2021 and 2022, most crabs were large (68 ± 0.5 mm and 63 ± 2 mm carapace width, respectively). Shellfish growers, restoration and management teams could use these data in mitigation strategies to sustain industries and enhance GBE health. This information is important for oyster restoration initiatives and oyster growers as they may want to: consider putting traps around their restoration reefs and farms to help reduce green crab infestation/predation in their growing areas; make decisions regarding best management practices and optimal growing locations when applying for permits; and work with management teams with gear improvement, such as floating gear, to reduce green crab intrusion into cages. High‐priority locations for trapping should be areas such as oyster farms, oyster reefs and restoration sites.
Dynamics of two bubbles colliding at high Reynolds numbers in water: Bubble rebound behavior study
Authors: Song Runci , Fang Kefeng , Xiang Bing , Han Luchang , Feng Xin , Chen Jie , Yang Chao 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe collision between bubbles is essential to gas–liquid dispersion systems. When bubbles encounter each other, they may either rebound or coalesce. Yet, little is known about the rebound dynamics immediately after two bubbles collide. This work investigates such collision dynamics of two bubbles at high Reynolds numbers in water through experiment and simulation. The moving velocity, deformation, contact time during collision and restitution coefficient of bubbles are analyzed. Simulations reproduced quantitatively the bubble rebound behavior, revealing the evolution of various energies involved in collision. Simulation results show that over 70% of the system's initial mechanical energy (SME) could be converted into bubble surface energy (BSE) during the approach. In turn, the excess BSE is converted back into SME driving bubbles to rebound with significant dissipation. A mass‐spring‐damper model is developed, which describes the dynamic of bubble rebound well. This contribution enhances the understanding of bubble interactions in multiphase flow.
Integrating Machine Learning and Large Language Models to Advance Exploration of Electrochemical Reactions
Authors: Zheng Zhiling , Florit Federico , Jin Brooke , Wu Haoyang , Li Shih‐Cheng , Nandiwale Kakasaheb Y. , Salazar Chase A. , Mustakis Jason G. , Green William H. , Jensen Klavs F. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractElectrochemical C−H oxidation reactions offer a sustainable route to functionalize hydrocarbons, yet identifying suitable substrates and optimizing synthesis remain challenging. Here, we report an integrated approach combining machine learning and large language models to streamline the exploration of electrochemical C−H oxidation reactions. Utilizing a batch rapid screening electrochemical platform, we evaluated a wide range of reactions, initially classifying substrates by their reactivity, while LLMs text‐mined literature data to augment the training set. The resulting ML models for reactivity prediction achieved high accuracy (>90 %) and enabled virtual screening of a large set of commercially available molecules. To optimize reaction conditions for selected substrates, LLMs were prompted to generate code that iteratively improved yields. This human‐AI collaboration proved effective, efficiently identifying high‐yield conditions for 8 drug‐like substances or intermediates. Notably, we benchmarked the accuracy and reliability of 12 different LLMs–including LLaMA series, Claude series, OpenAI o1, and GPT‐4‐on code generation and function calling related to ML based on natural language prompts given by chemists to showcase potentials for accelerating research across four diverse tasks. In addition, we collected an experimental benchmark dataset comprising 1071 reaction conditions and yields for electrochemical C−H oxidation reactions.
Precise Separation of Complex Ultrafine Molecules through Solvating Two‐Dimensional Covalent Organic Framework Membranes
Authors: Shi Xiansong , Li He , Chen Ting , Ren Junyu , Zhao Wei , Patra Bidhan Chandra , Kang Chengjun , Zhang Zhaoqiang , Zhao Dan 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIsoporous nanomaterials, with their proven potential for accurate molecular sieving, are of substantial interest in propelling sustainable membrane techniques. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are prominent due to their customizable isopores and chemistry. Still, the discrepancy in experimental and theoretical structures poses a challenge to developing COF membranes for molecular separations. Here, we report high‐selectivity sieving of complex ultrafine molecules through solvating pore‐to‐pore‐aligned two‐dimensional COF membranes. Our structurally oriented membrane shows reversible interlayer expansion with intralayer shift in response to solvent exposure. This dynamic deformation induced by solvents leads to a reduction in the aperture of the membrane's sieving pores, which correlates with the number of COF layers. The resultant membranes yield largely improved molecular selectivity to discriminate binary and trinary complex mixtures, exceeding the conventional COF membranes. The membrane's robustness against solvents and physical aging permits extremely stable microporosity and reliable operation for over 3000 h. This exceptional performance positions our membrane as an alternative to enriching and purifying value‐added chemicals, such as active pharmaceutical ingredients.
mPatch: A Wearable Hydrogel Microneedle Patch for In Vivo Optical Sensing of Calcium
Authors: Behnam Vira , McManamen Anika M. , Ballard Hannah G. , Aldana Bryan , Tamimi Melissa , Milosavić Nenad , Stojanovic Milan N. , Rubin Mishaela R. , Sia Samuel K. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis study presents an in vivo optical hydrogel microneedle platform that measures levels of analytes in interstitial fluid. The platform builds on a previously published technique for molding hydrogel microneedles by developing a composite hydrogel (i.e., PEGDA and polyacrylamide) that is sufficiently stiff to penetrate skin in the hydrated state and whose fluorescence changes dynamically–via a conjugated aptamer–depending on level of analyte. In a demonstration relevant to hypercalcemia, the hydrogel microneedle distinguished varying concentrations of calcium (within a range of 0 to 2 mM, which spans physiologically meaningful variations for hypoparathyroidism) within 10 minutes. In rats, a compact CMOS sensor measuring fluorescence from microneedles distinguished low hypercalcemic (1.7 mM) from high hypercalcemic (2.3 mM) ionized calcium levels as determined from reference blood measurements. Overall, this work demonstrates in vivo feasibility of a concept–which we call mPatch–for an optical hydrogel microneedle to measure small changes in levels of analytes in interstitial fluid, which does not rely on extraction of interstitial fluid out of the dermis.
Viscoelastic Alginate‐Based Hydrogels: Regulating Neural Stem Cell Behavior Through Viscosity
Authors: Li Shuying , Huang Chuanzhen , Liu Hanlian , Wang Zhichao , Han Xu , Chen Zhuang , Huang Jun , Wang Zhen 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe mechanical properties of the extracellular matrix (ECM) play a crucial role in cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation. In this study, a series of viscoelastic alginate‐based blend hydrogels with tunable viscosity were prepared to investigate the effects of their viscosity on the spreading and viability of NE‐4C neural stem cells. The hydrogels with the same initial modulus but different viscosities were obtained by adjusting the degree of crosslinking through covalently and ionically crosslinked techniques. The study results indicated that at a low initial modulus, an increase in the viscosity of the viscoelastic substrate could lead to a rise in the spreading area of NE‐4C neural stem cells, along with the formation of synapses, suggesting that an increase in substrate viscosity is beneficial for cell adhesion and spreading. Furthermore, the survival rate of NE‐4C neural stem cells on a high‐viscosity matrix is significantly higher than on a low‐viscosity matrix, as the high‐viscosity matrix provides a more stable microenvironment for the cells. These results can not only enhance the understanding of the effect of the viscoelasticity of biomaterials on neural stem cell behavior but also provide experimental data and theoretical support for designing new biomaterials suitable for neural tissue engineering.
Microcrystalline Cellulose/Poloxamer Temperature Sensitive Hydrogel Loaded With Red Ginseng Extract to Promote Skin Wound Healing
Authors: Rui Mao , Chuan‐Bo Ding , Shuai Zhang , Xing‐long Liu , Qi‐Teng Ding , Yin Zhang , Xiao‐Cheng Shao , Wen‐Cong Liu , He‐wei Wei , Tao‐jing Yu , Xiao‐yu Wu 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIn recent years, hydrogels have been widely used in the biomedical field as wound dressings. This study presents a safe and efficient temperature‐sensitive hydrogel with red ginseng extract as the main ingredient. The hydrogel was characterized, and its wound healing potential was investigated. Results indicate that the temperature‐sensitive hydrogel loaded with red ginseng extract had a good reticular structure, sustained release properties, and biocompatibility. Subsequently, in vitro experiments confirmed that the temperature‐sensitive hydrogel composed of red ginseng extract, microcrystalline cellulose, and poloxamer possessed good antimicrobial, antioxidant, and hemostatic properties. This hydrogel could effectively promote acute wound healing. The results of H&E and Masson staining showed that the RGE‐Gel promoted epithelial and tissue regeneration and facilitated collagen deposition. Furthermore, RGE‐Gel was found to decrease inflammation by inhibiting inflammatory factors in mice and regulating the expression of endothelial growth factor to enhance wound healing.
Autologous Nonmyeloablative Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Diffuse Cutaneous Systemic Sclerosis: Identifying Disease Risk Factors for Toxicity and Long‐Term Outcomes in a Prospective, Single‐Arm Trial
Authors: Georges George E. , Khanna Dinesh , Wener Mark H. , Mei Matthew G. , Mayes Maureen D. , Simms Robert W. , Sanchorawala Vaishali , Hosing Chitra , Kafaja Suzanne , Pawarode Attaphol , Holmberg Leona A. , Kolfenbach Jason , Furst Daniel E. , Sullivan Keith M. , Huang Suiyuan , Gooley Ted , Nash Richard A. 
Published: December 2024

ObjectiveTwo randomized trials for patients with diffuse systemic sclerosis (SSc) demonstrated an overall survival (OS) and event‐free survival (EFS) advantage of autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) using CD34+ selected peripheral blood stem cells (PBSCs) compared with monthly cyclophosphamide (CY). We asked if an unmodified PBSC graft followed by maintenance mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) after AHSCT, instead of a CD34+ selected graft, could provide comparable AHSCT outcomes.MethodsTwenty patients with high‐risk SSc were enrolled in a prospective, single‐arm trial with CY 200 mg/kg and horse antithymocyte globulin (ATG; CY200/ATG), followed by unmanipulated autologous PBSC, and then MMF maintenance starting at 2 months after AHSCT.ResultsPoint estimates of OS and EFS at 5 years after AHSCT were 85% (95% confidence interval [CI] 60.4%–94.9%) and 75% (95% CI 50%–88.7%), respectively. Median follow‐up was 7.5 years (range 5.6–11.6) after transplant for living patients. Eight patients (40%) required intensive care unit treatment early after transplant. Early transplant‐related mortality occurred in two patients (10%). Five patients developed relapse/progression of SSc after AHSCT. Four of nine patients with anti‐RNA polymerase III antibodies had prior scleroderma renal crisis and the lowest quartile of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) on study entry; all four patients developed prolonged organ failure/death early after transplant.ConclusionWe observed favorable OS and EFS after AHSCT for patients with SSc, using CY200/ATG, unmanipulated PBSCs, and MMF posttransplant maintenance, which was comparable to trials with CD34+ graft selection. We identified a possible risk factor, pretransplant low eGFR, for adverse outcomes after AHSCT.
Efficacy of a Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitor in Chronic Low‐Back Pain With Modic Type 1 Changes: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Gjefsen Elisabeth , Bråten Lars C. , Ponzi Erica , Dagestad Magnhild H. , Marchand Gunn H. , Kadar Thomas , Bakland Gunnstein , Haugen Anne J. , Granviken Fredrik , Flørenes Tonje W. , Vetti Nils , Grøvle Lars , Nilsen Aksel T. , Lunestad Astrid , Holmgard Thor E. , Valberg Morten , Bolstad Nils , Espeland Ansgar , Brox Jens I. , Goll Guro L. , Storheim Kjersti , Zwart John‐Anker 
Published: December 2024

ObjectiveThe efficacy of tumor necrosis factor inhibitors for treating chronic low‐back pain with Modic changes is uncertain. This study investigated the superiority of infliximab over placebo in patients with Modic type 1 changes.MethodsIn this multicenter, randomized, triple‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial, patients aged 18 to 65 years with moderate to severe chronic low‐back pain and Modic type 1 changes were enrolled from five Norwegian public hospitals between January 2019 and October 2022. Participants were randomly assigned to four intravenous infusions of 5 mg/kg infliximab or placebo. The primary outcome was difference in change in the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) score from baseline to five months. Secondary outcomes included changes in low‐back pain intensity, disability, and health‐related quality of life. A linear mixed model was used for efficacy analyses.ResultsA total of 128 patients (mean age 43 years, 65.6% women) participated (64 in each group). All patients who received at least one dose of the allocated infusion were included in the primary analyses. The average ODI score (±SD) change was −7.0 (±9.7) in the group who received infliximab and −6.4 (±10.4) in the group who received placebo. The difference in the ODI score change between the two groups was 1.3 ODI points (95% confidence interval −2.1 to 4.6, P = 0.45). Analyses showed no effect of infliximab compared to placebo on secondary outcomes. Adverse event rates were similar between groups.ConclusionInfliximab did not demonstrate superiority over placebo in reducing pain‐related disability in patients with moderate to severe chronic low‐back pain with Modic type 1 changes at five months.image