bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pars plana vitrectomy with ILM peeling for macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion
Authors: Raszewska-Steglinska Marzena , Gozdek Piotr , Cisiecki Slawomir , Michalewska Zofia , Michalewski Janusz , Nawrocki Jerzy 
Published: March 2018

Purpose To evaluate anatomic and functional results in patients with macular edema in retinal vein occlusion (RVO), treated with pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) and internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling, depending on the timing of surgery. Methods A total of 35 consecutive patients underwent PPV with ILM peeling. Visual acuity, fluorescein angiography, and optical coherence tomography/spectral optical coherence tomography were performed preoperatively and 6–12 months postoperatively. Results Anatomic improvement was achieved in 29 patients (82.9%). In 6 patients, there was no improvement. Central macular thickness decreased in 17 patients (48.6%) with central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) and in 12 patients (34.3%) with branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) (p<0.05). A total of 68% of eyes showed improvement in visual acuity (p<0.05). Visual acuity improved in 14 patients (mean 3.7 Snellen lines) with CRVO and in 10 patients (mean 3.7 Snellen lines) with BRVO. The t test shows no statistically significant difference in visual acuity improvement between ischemic and nonischemic CRVO (p>0.05) or between ischemic and nonischemic BRVO (p>0.05). Better results were observed in patients treated within 1 month of the onset of symptoms than in patients treated after more than 1 month. The difference is statistically significant (t test, p=0.0016). Conclusions PPV with ILM peeling may improve anatomic and functional prognosis in patients with macular edema secondary to RVO. Vitrectomy with ILM peeling seems to be beneficial for macular edema secondary to RVO in patients treated within 1 month from the onset of symptoms. PPV with ILM peeling in ischemic RVO and nonischemic RVO improves visual acuity.
Conversion visual loss: a differential diagnosis in infant amblyopia
Authors: Laria Carlos , Pérez Maria Elena , Pérez Eduardo , Piñero David Pablo , Ruiz-Moreno José María , Alió Jorge L. 
Published: March 2018

Purpose To report the first case of amblyopia due to a conversion disorder in a child. Methods A 9-year-old girl without allergies or family or personal antecedents of interest presented to our clinic. She manifested a progressive visual loss after an episode of lumbar pain. This progressive loss led the patient in a 6-month period to legal bilateral blindness: visual acuity inferior to 2/20 in both eyes and severe constriction of both visual fields. Results Several pathologic processes were discarded by means of multiple explorations and a general multidisciplinary analysis: physical pathology, simulating patient, schizophrenia, and the Briquet syndrome. Finally, she was diagnosed with a conversion somatoform disorder leading to a bilateral blindness. For 6 months, the patient was successfully treated with psychotherapy and a pharmacologic protocol. Total recovery was achieved with final visual acuity of 20/20 in both eyes and normal visual fields. Conclusions Conversion disorders should be considered as an additional etiology of visual loss in children. In these cases, the analysis and multidisciplinary treatment is crucial for a successful outcome.
Juvenile xanthogranuloma with bilateral ocular involvement: complete response after treatment with vinblastine: case report
Authors: Pollono Daniel , Galán Marta , Curuchet Adriana , Drut Ricardo , Pollono Agustina , Rodríguez Jacinto 
Published: March 2018

Purpose To present an infant with bilateral ocular and skin involvement by juvenile xanthogranuloma and the results of treatment with vinblastine. Methods Analysis of the clinical and histopathologic data and the results of the treatment. Results After 14 months' evolution with no response to other treatments, the lesions responded to a course of vinblastine (6 mg/m2/weekly, corrected for weight), which was followed by a maintenance treatment for 52 weeks. Conclusions The treatment protocol used in the present case may prove useful for similar patients. We found no other report describing these results.
Mirror image congenital esotropia and concordant hypermetropia in identical twins
Authors: Dirani Mohamed , Schache Maria , Baird Paul N. 
Published: March 2018

Purpose To report the occurrence of mirror image congenital esotropia and concordant hypermetropia in a pair of monozygotic twins. Methods A pair of twins was recruited through the Australian Twin Registry. Zygosity was determined by questionnaire, physical appearance, and standard genotyping. Visual acuity was measured using the logMAR chart at 3 m followed by cycloplegic refraction using the Topcon autorefractor. Results Twin 1 developed right eye esotropia at 2 years of age with bilateral hypermetropia (right = +5.75 D, left = +5.75 D). Twin 2 developed left eye esotropia at age 2 years with bilateral hypermetropia (right = +6.75, left = +7.50). Conclusions We describe the first reported case of mirror image congenital esotropia with concordant hypermetropia in monozygotic twins.
Pseudophakic pseudoexfoliation of an AkreosFit intraocular lens
Authors: Roberts Michael A. , Hawksworth Nicholas R. 
Published: March 2018

Purpose To describe a case of intraocular lens opacification resembling pseudophakic pseudoexfoliation affecting an AkreosFit intraocular lens (IOL). Methods Single case analysis. Results A patient had IOL opacification resembling pseudophakic pseudoexfoliation. Conclusions An 83-year-old woman with normal tension glaucoma was noted to have pseudophakic pseudoexfoliation of an AkreosFit IOL 5 years after uncomplicated phacoemulsification with IOL.
Customized iris clip anterior chamber intraocular lenses designed for iris reconstruction
Authors: Sakellaris Dimitrios , Goossens Carl , Tassignon Marie-José 
Published: March 2018

Purpose To present three cases of partial aniridia reconstructed by a customized polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) iris print and iris clipped anterior chamber intraocular lens (IOL) (Ophtec BV®). Methods In two cases, the partial aniridia was originally caused by an eye trauma leaving one eye phakic and the second eye aphakic but without capsular support, whereas in the third case, surgically induced sectorial iridectomy was justified by a slowly growing cystic iris melanoma. Results All three cases showed very good results with useful visual recovery after customized phakic or aphakic iris print, toric or spheric PMMA, anterior chamber iris fixated IOLs. Conclusions Customized PMMA iris print and iris clipped anterior chamber IOL is a possible solution to repair aniridia with or without correction of aphakia and corneal astigmatism.
Herpetic keratitis and keratouveitis after mitomycin-C use in glaucoma filtering surgery: a short case series
Authors: Rao Aparna , Tandon Radihika , Sharma Namrata , Sihota Ramanjit , Gupta Viney , Dada Tanuj 
Published: March 2018

Purpose We report 4 eyes of 3 patients with presumed herpetic keratitis/keratouveitis after glaucoma surgery wherein intraoperative mitomycin-C was used. Methods Three patients, aged 18–75 years, were found to have unilateral or bilateral herpetic keratitis and/or keratouveitis, 15 days to 2 years after trabeculectomy with mitomycin-C. Results All 3 cases healed without any sequelae after 4 to 6 weeks with topical and/or systemic acyclovir. Topical steroids were used in cases with stromal involvement. Conclusions Mitomycin-C may predispose/facilitate development of herpetic keratitis/keratouveitis up to 2 years after glaucoma surgery.
Autofluorescence findings in Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease
Authors: Ayata Ali , Doğru Salim , Şenol Mehmet Güney , Ünal Melih , Erşanli Dilaver , Bilge Ahmet Hamdi 
Published: March 2018

Purpose To report shortwave autofluorescence (SW-AF) and near infrared autofluorescence (NIR-AF) findings in a case of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease. Methods A 22-year-old man presented with a 2-week history of headache, moderate hearing loss, discolored hair, and bilateral gradually decreased vision (20/800 bilaterally). Ophthalmologic examinations revealed bilateral granulomatous anterior uveitis and multiple patchy bullous retinal detachments. Fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA), SW-AF, and NIR-AF imaging were performed with a confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscope at the beginning and after resolution. The patient responded well to systemic prednisolone treatment. Visual acuity and hearing loss improved quickly (visual acuity 16/20 bilaterally). Results Multilobular dye pooling with a dark rim was observed in serous detached retinal areas on late-phase FFA. These areas were observed as hypoAF in SW-AF and NIR-AF mode due to the blockage. After resolution of serous detachment, numerous hypoAF granular dots were observed scattered over the previously serous detached areas in SW-AF and NIR-AF mode. These hypoAF granular dots were seen as window defect lesion in FFA and interpreted as retinal pigment epithelial damage or atrophy. Conclusions SW-AF and NIR-AF imaging confirmed granular retinal pigment epithelium atrophy which corresponds to FFA findings. SW-AF and NIR-AF imaging methods are noninvasive and useful techniques for documentation of fundus changes in VKH disease.
Viscocanalostomy: A Pilot Study
Authors: Carassa R.G. , Bettin P. , Fiori M. , Brancato R. 
Published: March 2018

Purpose Viscocanalostomy is a new, non-penetrating procedure for glaucoma surgery. We started a prospective study to assess the effectiveness and safety of the operation. Materials and methods Up to March 1998 we enrolled 33 patients (33 eyes) suffering from glaucoma, uncontrolled despite maximum medical therapy, who underwent viscocanalostomy according to Stegmann's technique. A complete ophthalmological examination was performed the day before surgery and on days 1 and 7 postoperatively. Further visits were scheduled at months 1, 3, 6 and 12. Results In four eyes Schlemm's canal was either missed or not deroofed properly, and the procedure was converted into simple trabeculectomy. After a mean follow-up of 3.0±2.6 months (range 1–10), success defined as IOP > 2 and < 21 mmHg with no medication was obtained in 86.2% of the cases (25/29); 23 out of 29 eyes (79.3%) had IOP > 2 and < 16 mmHg. In the 25 successful eyes, mean IOP was 27.7±9.5 mmHg (range 13–48) preoperatively and 12.0±3.0 mmHg (range 7–18) (p<0.0001) at the end of the follow-up period. Mean VA ranged from 0.35±0.34 to 0.32±0.32 (n.s.). Intraoperative complications included Descemet rupture (7), with iris plugging in two cases; choroidal deroofing (3), irregular incision of Schlemm's canal (2). Postoperative complications included: self-resolving 2-mm hyphema (4); IOP spike (1); inadvertent filtering bleb (2); hypotony with choroidal detachment for one week (1). Conclusions In this short-term study, viscocanalostomy proved effective and safe in lowering IOP in glaucomatous eyes.
The Effect of Betaxolol on Ocular Blood Flow and Visual Fields in Patients with Normotension Glaucoma
Authors: Turaçli M.E. , Özden R.G. , GÜrses M.A. 
Published: March 2018

Purpose This study investigated the effect of ophthalmic betaxolol, a ß, selective adrenoceptor antagonist, on ocular blood flow and visual function in patients with normotension glaucoma (NTG). Methods Thirty-six eyes of eighteen patients with NTG, but otherwise free of systemic disease, were included. Blood fibrinogen, sedimentation rates, Goldmann intraocular pressure, Humphrey automated perimetry, and color Doppler imaging were done at baseline and after one year of twice-daily bilateral topical ocular dosing with 0.5% betaxolol HCl. Results After treatment, the resistivity index of the ophthalmic artery was significantly reduced, and visual fields were significantly improved. The resistivity indexes of the central retinal artery and posterior ciliary artery were also reduced but did not achieve statistical significance. Intraocular pressure was significantly reduced. There was no change in blood fibrinogen and sedimentation rates. Conclusions These findings indicate that long-term treatment with ophthalmic betaxolol improves ocular hemodynamics by lowering the resistivity index of the ophthalmic artery and results in an improvement in the visual fields of patients with NTG. In view of this positive effect on blood flow and visual function, betaxolol is recommended in the management of patients with NTG.
Effects of 0.5% and 0.25% Apraclonidine on Postoperative Intraocular Hypertension after Cataract Extraction
Authors: Simsek S. , Demirok A. , Yasar T. , Çinal A. , Bayram A. , Yilmaz Ö. F. 
Published: March 2018

Purpose We conducted a double-masked, prospective study to evaluate the effect of 0.5% and 0.25% apraclonidine on postoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients undergoing extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE) with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. Methods Fifty-four patients scheduled for ECCE were randomly divided into three groups of 18. The first group received one drop of 0.50% apraclonidine topically one hour before surgery and immediately after the end of the procedure. The second group received the same regimen but with 0.25% apraclonidine. The third group received artificial tears as the control group. IOP was measured 12 h preoperatively and 6 and 24 h postoperatively. All the measurements were made using the same Goldmann applanation tonometer by the same surgeon who did not know to which group the patient belonged. Results Preoperative mean IOP was 13.66 ± 2.76 mmHg in the first group, 14.27 ± 2.24 mmHg in the second and 14.5 ± 1.34 mmHg in the control group. The differences were not significant (p=0.398). Mean IOP at the early postoperative visit (6 h) was significantly lower in the first group (17.44 ± 4.95 mmHg) than the second (21.78 ± 7.19 mmHg) and the control group (24.55 ± 5.65 mmHg) (p<0.001). Mean postoperative IOP at 24 h was again significantly lower in the first group (14.33 ± 3.75 mmHg) than the second (17.11 ± 4.16 mmHg) and the control group (19.61 ± 3.20 mmHg) (p<0.001). Conclusions Our findings indicate that topical 0.5% apraclonidine controlled early postoperative intraocular hypertension after cataract extraction without any side effects, while the 0.25% drops were not effective.
Effects of Hypertension on the Retinal Vein Width at the Retinal Arteriovenous Crossings
Authors: Akman A. , Kadayifçilar S. , Aydin P. 
Published: March 2018

Purpose The study was designed to quantify retinal vein width changes at the arterio-venous crossing and to evaluate the effects of hypertension on vein widths at “vein posterior to the artery” (VPA) and “vein anterior to the artery” (VAA) crossings. Methods The width of the retinal veins was measured at points before and after the arterio-venous crossings by a computerized image analysis system in ten normal subjects and 35 hypertensive patients. Retinal vein width changes at fixed intervals from the arterio-venous crossing points, both VAA and VPA, were measured as a function of the stage of the hypertensive retinopathy in the subjects. Results Mean retinal vein width showed significant (p<0.05) narrowing at VPA crossings at stages 2,3 and 4 of hypertensive retinopathy. For the VAA crossings, there was no significant decrease in the width of the vein at any stage. There was no significant narrowing of the vein at VPA crossings in normal subjects or in stage 0 and stage 1 hypertensive retinopathy patients. Conclusions The decrease in the width of the retinal vein in stages 2, 3 and 4 hypertensive retinopathy patients at VPA crossings can cause turbulence in blood flow, leading to intimal damage and occlusion. The absence of narrowing may explain the low incidence of branch retinal vein occlusions at VAA crossings.
Bilateral Retinal Detachment in Marfan's Syndrome
Authors: Dotrelova D. 
Published: March 2018

Purpose Bilateral retinal detachment (RD) in Marfan's syndrome (MS) has a typical preoperative, operative, and post-operative course. This study describes symmetry of retinal tears and bilateral RD surgery in five MS patients over a period of 15 years. Methods Six eyes with uncomplicated RD were operated on using the scleral buckling procedure, and four eyes with complicated RD were operated using a pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) and inner retinal tamponade with silicon oil. Results Complete retinal reattachment was achieved in seven eyes. Partial anatomical success with attached macula was achieved in one eye. The surgery failed in two eyes. Final visual acuity was between 0.66 and 0.33 in three eyes, and between 0.25 and 0.1 in five; two eyes had no light perception. Conclusions The course of the bilateral retinal disease highly correlated with the symmetry of retinal defects.
Ocular and Orbital Complications following the Treatment of Retinoblastoma
Authors: Anteby I. , Ramu N. , Gradstein L. , Miskin H. , Pe'er J. , Benezra D. 
Published: March 2018

Purpose To investigate the ocular and orbital complications observed in children treated for retinoblastoma. Methods We retrospectively studied 73 children (39 boys, 34 girls) suffering from retinoblastoma. Thirty-six had bilateral tumor and 37 unilateral disease for a total of 109 eyes affected. The follow-up was 6–180 months (median 36 months). Enucleation was the most common initial treatment approach in the unilateral group, and radiotherapy (by external beam) was the most common initial therapy in the bilateral group. Cryotherapy, photocoagulation, brachytherapy and/or systemic chemotherapy were used as adjuvant treatments when necessary. Ocular complications were recorded at the follow-up examinations. Results Cataract developed in 20% of the irradiated eyes. The mean time from irradiation until development of cataract was 28.5 months (6–64 months). Radiation retinopathy developed in 12% and was first detected 11–72 months (mean 37 months) after irradiation therapy. Mild transient keratopathy was observed in all eyes undergoing irradiation, and xerophthalmia in one eye. Complications after enucleation included: marked discharge from the socket (11.0%), extrusion of the implant (9.6%), and contraction of the socket (3.0%). No complications were observed after cryotherapy or laser photocoagulation of the tumor. Conclusions Ocular complications after treating children with retinoblastoma are common and may seriously affect the quality of life of children surviving the primary malignancy.
Effect of Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibition in Experimental Pseudomonas keratitis in Rabbits
Authors: Er H. , Turkoz Y. , Ozerol I.H. , Uzmez E. 
Published: March 2018

Purpose The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor L-NG-nitro-arginine-methyleser (L-NAME) in the treatment of experimental Pseudomonas keratitis. Methods Twelve young New Zealand white rabbits were given intrastromal injections of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains. Twenty-four hours later, the rabbits were randomly divided into four groups: group 1 was treated with topical 0.3% ciprofloxacin drops and a single subconjunctival injection of L-NAME (150 mg/kg); group 2 received topical 0.3% ciprofloxacin drops alone; group 3 received a single subconjunctival injection of L-NAME alone; group 4, the control group, was treated with topical balanced salt solution (BSS) drops. One drop of either ciprofloxacin of BSS was applied at each treatment interval. Twenty-six hours after the start of treatment, the eyes were examined by slit lamp to assess inflammation. Aqueous humor specimens were collected from each eye to measure the nitric oxide concentration. Corneas were removed to count bacteria results. Results Slit lamp examination cell scores were significantly lower for groups 1 and 3 than groups 2 and 4 eyes (p = 0.002 to p = 0.004). No viable bacteria were detected in the corneas of groups 1 and 2. Group 3 corneas had significantly fewer bacteria (6.33 ± 0.42 × 103) than group 4 (5.94 ± 0.16 × 104) (p < 0.05). Nitric oxide levels in the aqueous humor were significantly lower for group 1 eyes than for groups 2, 3, or 4 (p = 0.02, p = 0.01, and p = 0.003, respectively). Conclusions We conclude that nitric oxide synthase inhibitors may be a useful adjunct but are not a replacement for traditional antibiotic drop therapy.
Different Therapeutic Approaches and Outcome in the Treatment of Pterygium
Authors: Karabatsas C. H. , Marsh G. W. , Cook A. M. , Cook S. D. 
Published: March 2018

Purpose This study was initiated to investigate the role of different therapeutic modalities in the outcome of the surgical treatment of pterygium. Methods The results of treatment of pterygia with a variety of surgical techniques were studied in 56 eyes (49 patients) operated on at Bristol Eye Hospital during a period of five years. The surgical techniques included simple excision; bare sclera; conjunctival autograft; sliding conjunctival flap; lamellar keratoplasty and penetrating keratoplasty. Twelve eyes received additional beta irradiation in a fractionated total dose of 40 Gys. Results The incidence of recurrence was 23.2% for the 43 treated primary pterygia, and 23% for the 13 recurrent pterygia. All recurrences occurred between 2.5 and 11 months postoperatively. None of the 11 cases where additional beta irradiation was used showed any recurrence or other complication within the study period. In the recurrent pterygia group, the cases treated with a combination of surgical excision and beta irradiation, showed significantly lower recurrence rate (p<0.001) compared to those cases treated with surgical excision alone. Conclusions Beta irradiation as a complement to surgical treatment of pterygium, is successful in treating high risk cases such as reoperations, whereas for the majority of primary pterygia surgical excision alone is adequate. Additionally, follow up of one year will reveal any recurrences.
Intraoperative Application of Mitomycin C in the Surgical Treatment of Pterygium
Authors: Demirok A. , Simsek S. , Çinal A. , Yasar T. 
Published: March 2018

Purpose To investigate the effectiveness of intraoperative mitomycin C in pterygium surgery. Methods The effectiveness of intraoperatively administered mitomycin C and the occurrence of postoperative complications were evaluated in 17 patients with two recurrences of pterygium. The authors employed the “bare-sclera technique” and placed a sterile sponge soaked in a 0.02% mitomycin C solution intraoperatively in the episcleral space for 3 minutes. The control group (15 patients) underwent only surgical excision. Patients were followed for 21 to 30 months. Results The pterygium recurred in one (5.9%) of the 17 patients in group 1 and in six (40%) of the 15 controls. Statistical analysis using Fisher's exact test showed a significant (p=0.027) reduction of recurrences of pterygium in the group treated intraoperatively with mitomycin C. No serious complications or side effects arose during the follow-up period. Conclusions Mitomycin C administered intraoperatively can be considered an effective treatment to improve the success rate after surgical excision.