bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamic Agitation‐Induced Centrifugal Purification of Nanowires Enabling Transparent Electrodes with 99.2% Transmittance
Authors: Wang Huike , Tang Honghao , Liang Jiajie , Chen Yongsheng 
Published: September 2018

AbstractTo promote silver nanowire (AgNW) as a viable commercial alternative for transparent electrodes, it is necessary to further develop industrially scalable, high‐performance yielding and cost‐efficient methods of purifying large quantities of as‐prepared AgNW suspensions. In this work, a facile, effective, and mass scalable purification method that employs a novel dynamic agitation‐induced centrifugal filtration concept to obtain highly purified and printable AgNW solutions. This unique dynamic filtration system, which amalgamates the advantages of membrane filtration, centrifugal filtration and “cross‐flow” filtration, is effective at (1) removing nanoparticles, short nanorods and organic additives from as‐prepared AgNW suspensions without producing aggregation; (2) concentrating purified AgNW suspensions to a desirable concentration; and (3) formulating printable AgNW suspensions with suitable solvents. The resulting purified, polyol‐method synthesized AgNW with a modest aspect ratio of ≈1000 and narrowed length distribution, can be coated into flexible transparent electrodes to yield a transmittance of 99.2% and 95.2% at 230 and 29.6 ohm sq‐1 respectively. These performance metrics are comparable or exceed that of most transparent electrodes made from AgNW with larger aspect ratio (>2000) but purified through conventional purification methods. To maximize the dynamic purification efficiency, a model is also developed to describe and predict this dynamic filtration process.
A Hierarchically Nanostructured Cellulose Fiber‐Based Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Self‐Powered Healthcare Products
Authors: He Xu , Zou Haiyang , Geng Zhishuai , Wang Xingfu , Ding Wenbo , Hu Fei , Zi Yunlong , Xu Cheng , Zhang Steven L. , Yu Hua , Xu Minyi , Zhang Wei , Lu Canhui , Wang Zhong Lin 
Published: September 2018

AbstractRapid progress in nanotechnology allows us to develop a large number of innovative wearables such as activity trackers, advanced textiles, and healthcare devices. However, manufacturing processes for desirable nanostructure are usually complex and expensive. Moreover, materials used for these devices are mainly derived from nonrenewable resources. Therefore, it poses growing problems for living environment, and causes incompatible discomfort for human beings with long‐time wearing. Here, a self‐powered cellulose fiber based triboelectric nanogenerator (cf‐TENG) system is presented through developing 1D eco‐friendly cellulose microfibers/nanofibers (CMFs/CNFs) into 2D CMFs/CNFs/Ag hierarchical nanostructure. Silver nanofibers membrane is successfully introduced into the cf‐TENG system by using CMFs/CNFs as template, which shows excellent antibacterial activity. Enabled by its desirable porous nanostructure and unique electricity generation feature, the cf‐TENG system is capable of removing PM2.5 with high efficiency of 98.83% and monitoring breathing status without using an external power supply. This work provides a novel and sustainable strategy for self‐powered wearable electronics in healthcare applications, and furthermore paves a way for next‐generation flexible, biocompatible electronics.
Novel In Situ Gelling Hydrogels Loaded with Recombinant Collagen Peptide Microspheres as a Slow‐Release System Induce Ectopic Bone Formation
Authors: Fahmy‐Garcia Shorouk , Mumcuoglu Didem , de Miguel Laura , Dieleman Veerle , Witte‐Bouma Janneke , van der Eerden Bram C. J. , van Driel Marjolein , Eglin David , Verhaar Jan A. N. , Kluijtmans Sebastiaan G. J. M. , van Osch Gerjo J. V. M. , Farrell Eric 
Published: September 2018

AbstractNew solutions for large bone defect repair are needed. Here, in situ gelling slow release systems for bone induction are assessed. Collagen‐I based Recombinant Peptide (RCP) microspheres (MSs) are produced and used as a carrier for bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP‐2). The RCP‐MSs are dispersed in three hydrogels: high mannuronate (SLM) alginate, high guluronate (SLG) alginate, and thermoresponsive hyaluronan derivative (HApN). HApN+RCP‐MS forms a gel structure at 32 ºC or above, while SLM+RCP‐MS and SLG+RCP‐MS respond to shear stress displaying thixotropic behavior. Alginate formulations show sustained release of BMP‐2, while there is minimal release from HApN. These formulations are injected subcutaneously in rats. SLM+RCP‐MS and SLG+RCP‐MS loaded with BMP‐2 induce ectopic bone formation as revealed by X‐ray tomography and histology, whereas HApN+RCP‐MS do not. Vascularization occurs within all the formulations studied and is significantly higher in SLG+MS and HApN+RCP‐MS than in SLM+RCP‐MS. Inflammation (based on macrophage subset staining) decreases over time in both alginate groups, but increases in the HApN+RCP‐MS condition. It is shown that a balance between inflammatory cell infiltration, BMP‐2 release, and vascularization, achieved in the SLG+RCP‐MS alginate condition, is optimal for the induction of de novo bone formation.
3D Plate‐Lattices: An Emerging Class of Low‐Density Metamaterial Exhibiting Optimal Isotropic Stiffness
Authors: Tancogne‐Dejean Thomas , Diamantopoulou Marianna , Gorji Maysam B. , Bonatti Colin , Mohr Dirk 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIn lightweight engineering, there is a constant quest for low‐density materials featuring high mass‐specific stiffness and strength. Additively‐manufactured metamaterials are particularly promising candidates as the controlled introduction of porosity allows for tailoring their density while activating strengthening size‐effects at the nano‐ and microstructural level. Here, plate‐lattices are conceived by placing plates along the closest‐packed planes of crystal structures. Based on theoretical analysis, a general design map is developed for elastically isotropic plate‐lattices of cubic symmetry. In addition to validating the design map, detailed computational analysis reveals that there even exist plate‐lattice compositions that provide nearly isotropic yield strength together with elastic isotropy. The most striking feature of plate‐lattices is that their stiffness and yield strength are within a few percent of the theoretical limits for isotropic porous solids. This implies that the stiffness of isotropic plate‐lattices is up to three times higher than that of the stiffest truss‐lattices of equal mass. This stiffness advantage is also confirmed by experiments on truss‐ and plate‐lattice specimens fabricated through direct laser writing. Due to their porous internal structure, the potential impact of the new metamaterials reported here goes beyond lightweight engineering, including applications for heat‐exchange, thermal insulation, acoustics, and biomedical engineering.
Arrays of Planar Vacancies in Superior Thermoelectric Ge1−x−yCdxBiyTe with Band Convergence
Authors: Hong Min , Wang Yuan , Liu Weidi , Matsumura Syo , Wang Hao , Zou Jin , Chen Zhi‐Gang 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe multivalence bands in GeTe provide an additional handle to manipulate the thermoelectric performance. Herein, the density‐functional‐theory calculation indicates that Cd doping enables the convergence of these multivalence bands. Plus, the additional Bi dopant serving as the electron donors optimizes the carrier concentration, leading to an enhanced power‐factor in Ge1−x−yCdxBiyTe. Moreover, comprehensive electron microscopy characterizations demonstrate the array of high‐density planar vacancies in Ge1−x−yCdxBiyTe stemming from the absence of {111} Ge atomic planes, which is driven by the reduced formation energy in the scenario of Cd/Bi codoping. Simulations of phonon transport confirm the significant role of planar vacancies in scattering mid‐frequency phonons. Such high‐density planar vacancies, in tandem with grain boundaries and point defects, lead to a lattice thermal conductivity of 0.4 W m−1 K−1 in Ge1−x−yCdxBiyTe, reaching the amorphous limit. Ultimately, a peak zT of 2.2 is realized, which promotes GeTe into the first echelon of cutting‐edge thermoelectric materials. The strategy of combining band convergence and planar vacancies opens an avenue to develop Pb‐free derivatives with superhigh thermoelectric efficiency.
Over 13% Efficiency Ternary Nonfullerene Polymer Solar Cells with Tilted Up Absorption Edge by Incorporating a Medium Bandgap Acceptor
Authors: Zhang Miao , Xiao Zuo , Gao Wei , Liu Qishi , Jin Ke , Wang Wenbin , Mi Yang , An Qiaoshi , Ma Xiaoling , Liu Xinfeng , Yang Chuluo , Ding Liming , Zhang Fujun 
Published: September 2018

AbstractEfficient ternary polymer solar cells (PSCs) are prepared with poly‐[4,8‐bis(5‐(2‐ethylhexyl)thiophen‐2‐yl)benzo[1,2‐b:4,5‐b′] dithiophene‐co‐3fluorothieno[3,4‐b]thiophene‐2‐carboxylate] (PTB7‐Th):COi8DFIC as host system and medium bandgap material BDTThIT‐4F as the third component. The power conversion efficiency of PSCs can be increased from 11.47% to 13.08% by incorporating 20 wt% BDTThIT‐4F in acceptors, along with the simultaneously improved three key photovoltaic parameters. The absorption edge of ternary blend films can be tilted up in long wavelength range by incorporating appropriate BDTThIT‐4F, although the bandgap of BDTThIT‐4F is wider than that of COi8DFIC, leading to the extended external quantum efficiency spectra of ternary PSCs. The tilted up absorption edge of blend films should be attributed to the variation of COi8DFIC molecular arrangement, which can be well demonstrated from the transient and steady absorption spectra of blend films with different donors and acceptors. A new ground state bleach signal can be clearly observed in transient absorption spectra of the optimized ternary blend films, which may be due to the varied COi8DFIC molecular energy levels by incorporating BDTThIT‐4F. Meanwhile, the lifetimes on excited states are increased in the ternary blend films, which is beneficial to exciton dissociation for improving the performance of ternary PSCs.
Graphdiyne‐Based Bulk Heterojunction for Efficient and Moisture‐Stable Planar Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Li Hongshi , Zhang Rui , Li Yusheng , Li Yiming , Liu Huibiao , Shi Jiangjian , Zhang Huiyin , Wu Huijue , Luo Yanhong , Li Dongmei , Li Yuliang , Meng Qingbo 
Published: September 2018

AbstractGraphdiyne (GDY) is introduced into the FA0.85MA0.15Pb(I0.85Br0.15)3 perovskite film to construct a perovskite/graphdiyne (PVSK/GDY) bulk heterojunction for planar perovskite solar cells (PSCs). This PVSK/GDY bulk heterojunction is suggested to provide an extra channel to favor exciton separation and facilitate the photogenerated electron extraction ability. The electron transportation ability has been improved for higher Jsc, and the introduction of GDY can passivate grain boundaries and interfaces to effectively suppress photogenerated carrier recombination, leading to relatively higher fill factor. Up to 20.54% power conversion efficiency is achieved. In addition, the ability of this perovskite film with PVSK/GDY bulk heterojunctions to function in humid conditions is also improved, leading to good stability of PSCs toward moisture. This work provides a new way to fabricate highly efficient, stable PSCs by constructing bulk heterojunctions simultaneously for accelerating the exciton separation and photogenerated electron transportation and improving the device stability.
Large‐Area Preparation of Crack‐Free Crystalline Microporous Conductive Membrane to Upgrade High Energy Lithium–Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Zang Ying , Pei Fei , Huang Jiahong , Fu Zhihua , Xu Gang , Fang Xiaoliang 
Published: September 2018

AbstractLithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries are appealing candidates for next‐generation high‐energy rechargeable batteries, but practical applications are still limited by poor cyclic life, which is caused by severe polysulfide shuttling in high‐sulfur‐loading batteries. Herein, a facile route is presented to fabricate high‐performance Li–S batteries using a crystalline microporous membrane, which is prepared using a conductive metal–organic framework (MOF) material. With ordered microporous structure, large specific surface area, good sulphiphilicity, and excellent conductivity, the MOF membrane is grown in situ on the commercial separator and is an ideal light‐weight barrier (0.066 mg cm−2) for suppressing the polysulfide shuttling, which can significantly promote the capacities, rate capabilities, and cycling stabilities of Li–S batteries. Taking the advantage of this functional separator, the high‐sulfur‐loading Li–S battery (8.0 mg cm−2 and 70 wt% of sulfur in cathode) delivers a high area capacity of 7.24 mAh cm−2 after 200 cycles, thus providing a promising path toward advanced Li–S batteries.
Efficient Delivery of Power Generated by a Rotating Triboelectric Nanogenerator by Conjunction of Wired and Wireless Transmissions Using Maxwell's Displacement Currents
Authors: Jie Yang , Ma Jinming , Chen Yandong , Cao Xia , Wang Ning , Wang Zhong Lin 
Published: September 2018

AbstractEnergy harvesting and power delivery are key technologies for self‐powered systems toward the internet of things, and integration of the two should be prioritized. The dominant mechanism of a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is Maxwell's displacement current, which exists both inside the media/device and in the space surrounding the device. The displacement current transmitted in media inside the device can be collected by wired transmission using two electrodes, while the component that is leaked in to the space surrounding the device can be partially collected wirelessly. Herein, simultaneous collection of power transmitted through wires and wirelessly by a rotating TENG, is demonstrated. The wired component gives an output of ≈2 mA and ≈110 V, and the wireless component using the finite size of the collector gives an output current and voltage of ≈3 µA and ≈17.5 V (power density of 21.8 mW m−2). Small mobile electronics and a digital camera can be charged. The study extends the application of TENGs for practical applications.
Endothelial progenitor cells in cardiovascular diseases
Authors: Qiu Yumin , Zhang Chanjuan , Zhang Gaoxing , Tao Jun 
Published: September 2018

AbstractCardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death in both developed and developing countries. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are derived from hematopoietic stem cells with powerful function of angiogenesis. There are many studies on the relation between coronary heart disease and circulating EPCs. In this review, we discuss biological characteristics of endothelial progenitor cells, some influencing factors of the number and function of EPCs, and the role of EPCs in the treatment of cardiovascular disease. At last, we bring some perspectives on the future of endothelial progenitor cell therapy.
DABCO‐Mediated C−O Bond Formation from Csp2‐Halogen Bond‐Containing Compounds and Alkyl Alcohols
Authors: Wu Han‐Qing , Luo Shi‐He , Cao Liang , Shi Hao‐Nan , Wang Bo‐Wen , Wang Zhao‐Yang 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAn efficient protocol for C−O bond formation from Csp2−X (X=Br, Cl) bond‐containing compounds and alkyl alcohols in the presence of 1,4‐diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO) as catalyst and base under mild conditions is described. The densely functionalized 2(5H)‐furanone products can be generally obtained in moderate to excellent yields via a metal‐free protocol at room temperature without added solvent.
Feinabstimmung von intramolekularem resonantem Förster‐Energietransfer und Aktivierung intramolekularer Singulettspaltung
Authors: Lavarda Giulia , Zirzlmeier Johannes , Gruber Marco , Rami Parisa R. , Tykwinski Rik R. , Torres Tomás , Guldi Dirk M. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractDie Synergie panchromatischer Lichtabsorption, die einen Großteil des sichtbaren Sonnenspektrums abdeckt, sowie intramolekularer Singulettspaltung (singlet fission, SF) wurde in einer Serie von Konjugaten realisiert, die sich aus verschiedenen lichtsammelnden Subphthalocyaninen (SubPcs) und einem Pentacendimer (Pnc2) als Energieakzeptor zusammensetzte. Im Fokus stand dabei ein Baukastenprinzip, das darauf basierte, den SubPc‐Kern in dessen Peripherie mit unterschiedlichen Substituenten zu funktionalisieren und damit die optischen Eigenschaften feinabzustimmen. Transiente Absorptionsstudien halfen dabei zu bestätigen, dass die SubPcs mittels eines gerichteten quantitativen resonanten Förster‐Energietransfers (Förster resonance energy transfer, FRET) zum Pnc2 als Antennen für einen Energietransfer fungierten. Im Pnc2 wurden anschließend mittels intramolekularer SF nahezu quantitative Triplettquantenausbeuten erzielt.
Reduktion von Phosphanoxiden mit Oxalylchlorid und Wasserstoff, vermittelt durch ein elektrophiles Phosphoniumkation
Authors: Stepen Arne J. , Bursch Markus , Grimme Stefan , Stephan Douglas W. , Paradies Jan 
Published: September 2018

AbstractDie metallfreie Reduktion von Phosphanoxiden mit molekularem Wasserstoff (H2) und Oxalylchlorid als Aktivierungsreagens wird beschrieben. Gemäß quantenchemischen Studien erfolgt die Spaltung von H2 durch das in situ erzeugte elektrophile Phosphoniumkation (EPC) und das Phosphanoxid, gefolgt von barrierefreier Umsetzung zum Phosphan und HCl. Die Reaktion kann ebenfalls durch das frustrierte Lewis‐Paar (FLP) aus B(2,6‐F2C6H3)3 und 2,6‐Lutidin oder Phosphanoxid als Lewis‐Base katalysiert werden. Die neue Methode wurde für die Reduktion von tertiären Triaryl‐ und Diarylphosphanoxiden in guten bis sehr guten Ausbeuten (51–93 %) angewendet.
First evidence of asymmetric competition between the non‐native clam Corbicula fluminea and the native freshwater mussel Unio delphinus during a summer heat wave
Authors: Ferreira‐Rodríguez Noé , Fandiño Laura , Pedreira Adrián , Pardo Isabel 
Published: September 2018

Abstract

Non‐native species introductions are a major concern for the conservation of natural ecosystems. The spread of non‐native species depends not only on their adaptation to the new environment, but also on the biotic features of the non‐native and resident native species and their environment that determine competition in natural habitats.
There is little empirical evidence from field studies that demonstrates the existence of competition between the non‐native clam Corbicula fluminea and native freshwater mussels, and even less evidence on how global warming might affect competition and re‐shape ecological communities.
In this study, field surveys within the biogeographic Atlantic region in the north west of the Iberian Peninsula found little spatial overlap between C. fluminea and the native freshwater mussel Unio delphinus.
In the laboratory, intraspecific and interspecific competition between these freshwater bivalves was assessed through physiological parameters and nutritional condition in a global warming context.
A significant effect for the physiological parameters and nutritional condition of intraspecific competition was found in C. fluminea, whereas asymmetric competition was evidenced between both species at greater densities of C. fluminea.
Under simulated heat wave conditions, the non‐native C. fluminea was competitively superior to the native freshwater mussels when both occur together.
Present findings suggest that further population declines of freshwater mussels in the Iberian Peninsula are expected under conditions of global warming, owing to competition with C. fluminea.
Fluorescence and Ultrafast Fluorescence Unveil the Formation, Folding Molecularity, and Excitation Dynamics of Homo‐Oligomeric and Human Telomeric i‐Motifs at Acidic and Neutral pH
Authors: Ma Chensheng , Chan Ruth Chau‐Ting , Chan Chris Tsz‐Leung , Wong Allen Ka‐Wa , Chung Bowie Po‐Yee , Kwok Wai‐Ming 
Published: September 2018

Abstracti‐Motifs are tetraplex DNAs known to be stable at acidic pH. The structure of i‐motifs is important in DNA nanotechnology; i‐motif‐forming sequences with consecutive cytosine (C) molecules are abundant throughout the human genome. There is, however, little information on the structure of C‐rich DNAs under physiologically relevant neutral conditions. The electron dynamics of i‐motifs, crucial to both biology and materials applications, also remains largely unexplored. In this work, we report a combined femtosecond and nanosecond broadband time‐resolved fluorescence (TRF) and steady‐state fluorescence investigation on homo‐oligomer dC20, a human telomeric sequence (HTS) 5′‐dC3(TA2C3)3, and its analogue performed with different excitation at both acidic and neutral pH. Our study provides direct observation of intrinsic fluorescence and the first full probe of the real‐time dynamics of the intrinsic fluorescence from i‐motifs formed from varied sequences and pH conditions. The results obtained demonstrate concrete evidence for the existence at neutral pH of i‐motifs from both dC20 and the HTS. It also identifies that, under neutral conditions, the i‐motif from dC20 adopting the bimolecular folding structure is significantly more stable than the HTS i‐motif featuring the unimolecular topology. Our femtosecond and nanosecond TRF study unveils excitation dynamics distinctive of the interdigitated architecture of i‐motifs with the excited states involved exhibiting deactivation over a remarkably broad timescale through multiple channels involving proton‐coupled electron transfer lasting tens of picoseconds, as signified by the solvent kinetic isotope effect, and structure‐dependent charge recombination in the hundreds of picoseconds to tens of nanoseconds time regime.
Discrete and Polymeric Self‐Assembled Palladium(II) Complexes as Supramolecular Gelators
Authors: Ganta Sudhakar , Chand Dillip Kumar 
Published: September 2018

AbstractSupramolecular gels prepared from low‐molecular‐weight gelators have been extensively explored. However, the exploitation of discrete or polymeric metal complexes as gelators is a relatively recent trend. The synthesis of self‐assembled coordination complexes from palladium(II) and selected ligands is well established, but the potential of these complexes as gelators is a less explored treasure. Herein we focus on the gelation abilities of some self‐assembled palladium(II) complexes and the resulting unique properties. First, discrete complexes with PdL, PdL2, Pd2L, Pd2L2, Pd2L4, and Pd3L6 compositions are discussed. Second, gelation behavior promoted by coordination‐polymer‐like gelators formed in situ is explored. These gel samples have been employed in catalysis and the uptake of organic and dye molecules from the solution and gas phases. It is concluded that untapped unique properties can be realized by further exploration of designer palladium(II) complexes.