bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Cathaysian rugose coral fauna from the upper Carboniferous of central Iran
Authors: Wang Xiangdong , Gorgij Mohammad N. , Yao Le 
Published: December 2018

AbstractTwelve rugose coral species belonging to seven genera are described and discussed based on 70 thin sections of 32 specimens collected from the Anarak section, northeast of Nain, Esfahan Province, Yazd Block, central Iran. These species include two new colonial rugose coral species,Antheria fedorowskiiandAntheria robusta, and five previously named species of colonial rugose corals,Antheria lanceolataandStreptophyllidium scitulum, and solitary rugose corals,Arctophyllum jiangsiense,Caninophyllumcf.somtaiense, andPseudotimania delicata. Five species are left in open nomenclature:Antheriasp.,Arctophyllumsp.,Caninophyllumsp.,Nephelophyllumsp., andYakovleviellasp. These Iranian corals are associated with the fusulinidsRauserites(several species) andUltradaixina bosbytauensis, indicating a latest Carboniferous age (Gzhelian age). All the described genera and named species belong to the families Aulophyllidae, Bothrophyllidae, Cyathopsidae, and Kepingophyllidae, among which the family Kepingophyllidae has been previously documented only from China and Indochina. They are typical representatives of the Cathaysian rugose fauna, which was widely developed around the South China and Indochina blocks near the paleoequator and was absent from the Gondwanan and Cimmerian continents in high latitudes during the Late Pennsylvanian. Hence, the occurrence of the Cathaysian fauna from central Iran in the latest Carboniferous suggests that it may have had a close biogeographical connection with China and Indochina, which further implies its latitudinal position intermediate between the Gondwanan continent and South China and Indochina blocks during this time.UUID:http://zoobank.org/5257d2bb-1346-4dee-8f3e-f4b1b33ba5a9
From Barrios to Condos: The Effects of Gentrification on Minority Descriptive Representation
Authors: Casellas Jason , McBrayer Markie 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAcademics, practitioners, and community activists have hotly debated the effects, both positive and negative, of gentrification. Still, political scientists have yet to fully weigh in on the phenomenon. Here, we assess how gentrification affects descriptive minority representation. We find evidence that gentrification negatively impacts minority descriptive representation, specifically black descriptive representation. Gentrification that results in a growing white population negatively affects the election of black councilmembers, and the effect is particularly pronounced when the black population is close to losing its dominance (i.e., it comprises roughly half of the area's population). In contrast, the election of Latino councilmembers is not affected by a growing white population. This suggests that gentrification resulting in demographic shifts has varying effects on descriptive representation, depending on the race and ethnicity of the councilmember and neighborhood, and thus warrants greater attention from political scientists.
THE MAXIMUM SIZE OF -SUM-FREE SETS IN CYCLIC GROUPS
Authors: BAJNOK BÉLA , MATZKE RYAN 
Published: December 2018

A subset$A$of a finite abelian group$G$is called$(k,l)$-sum-free if the sum of$k$(not necessarily distinct) elements of$A$never equals the sum of$l$(not necessarily distinct) elements of $A$. We find an explicit formula for the maximum size of a$(k,l)$-sum-free subset in$G$for all$k$and$l$in the case when$G$is cyclic by proving that it suffices to consider$(k,l)$-sum-free intervals in subgroups of $G$. This simplifies and extends earlier results by Hamidoune and Plagne [‘A new critical pair theorem applied to sum-free sets in abelian groups’,Comment. Math. Helv. 79(1) (2004), 183–207] and Bajnok [‘On the maximum size of a$(k,l)$-sum-free subset of an abelian group’,Int. J. Number Theory 5(6) (2009), 953–971].
Effects of a 3-month dietary intervention with a lacto-ovo-vegetarian diet on vitamin B12 levels in a group of omnivores: results from the CARDIVEG (Cardiovascular Prevention with Vegetarian Diet) study
Authors: Dinu M. , Pagliai G. , Cesari F. , Giusti B. , Gori A. M. , Marcucci R. , Casini A. , Sofi F. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractPrevious studies have suggested that vegetarianism can result in a reduction of vitamin B12 circulating levels. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of a 3-month dietary intervention with a lacto-ovo-vegetarian diet (VD) on the levels of circulating vitamin B12 in a group of omnivores. We analysed fifty-four omnivorous subjects who followed a VD as a first dietary intervention within the CARDIVEG (Cardiovascular Prevention with Vegetarian Diet) study, a dietary intervention study. VD resulted in a significant reduction (P<0·001) of 51·2 % of vitamin B12 intake and in a significant reduction (P=0·005) of 6·2 % of the circulating levels of vitamin B12 (–24·5 pg/ml). Changes in vitamin B12 intake were significantly correlated with changes in circulating levels of vitamin B12 (R 0·61, P<0·001). Subgroup analyses showed that reduction in circulating vitamin B12 levels was more evident in participants who were younger, overweight, non-smokers and had hypercholesterolaemia. A logistic regression analysis showed that a reduction in vitamin B12 intake greater than the first quartile of the delta changes obtained in the study population (–28·5 %) conferred a significantly higher risk of experiencing a decrease in circulating vitamin B12 levels (OR 10·1; 95 % CI 1·3, 76·1). In conclusion, a 3-month VD period determined a significant reduction in circulating levels of vitamin B12, being significantly correlated with the reduction in vitamin B12 intake. Although a well-planned VD can provide adequate nutrition across all life stages, special care must be taken to ensure adequate vitamin B12 intake and to help prevent deficiency.
THE LITTERSCAPE AND THE NUDE: HISTORY ESCAPES IN MANSUR BUSHNAF'SAL-ʿILKA(CHEWING GUM).
Authors: Olszok Charis 
Published: December 2018

AbstractMansur Bushnaf'sal-ʿIlka(Chewing Gum; 2008) is the author's sole novel, born of his twelve-year imprisonment in a Libyan jail, and his reflection on the nation's subjection to international marginalization and dictatorial rule under Gaddafi. The novel is centered on a 19th-century nude which confounds all who encounter it, and which lies neglected in a corner of Tripoli's Red Palace Museum. Through this statue, and the novel's broader poetics of stasis and “chewing,” I explore howturāthin Bushnaf's work, and wider Libyan fiction, is depicted through its abject vulnerability and exposure to historical vicissitudes, reflecting the parallel exclusion of human lives from rights and agency. Inal-ʿIlka, I examine how this is formulated into a defamiliarizing perspective on the postmodern, and on historical trauma and erasure, in which the possibility of narrative is a driving concern, rooted in existential reflection, as well as the real precarity of those who tell stories in Libya.
Franklin’s men and their families: New evidence from the Allotment Books
Authors: Lloyd-Jones Ralph 
Published: December 2018

AbstractA rich seam of scientific research has been opened by the recent location of both shipwrecks from the disastrous 1845 Franklin northwest passage expedition. Even more than the forensic study of any human remains, the contents of Her Majesty’s Discovery Ships Erebus and Terror have already begun to illuminate the day-to-day lives of Victorian sailors in the Arctic. Yet many hitherto unexamined but informative documents have survived too, both in the British National Archives and at local levels throughout the United Kingdom, which also enable us to focus upon those men, their work and families, thereby gaining a far better understanding of their meticulously planned but ultimately doomed voyage. This article examines the previously ignored Royal Navy Allotment Books and cross-references them with other contemporary records, such as censuses and parish registers, to give us new insights into the backgrounds of the crews of HMSs Erebus and Terror.
A Novel Generation of Ergonomic Upper-Limb Wearable Robots: Design Challenges and Solutions
Authors: Ercolini Giorgia , Trigili Emilio , Baldoni Andrea , Crea Simona , Vitiello Nicola 
Published: December 2018

SummaryIn this work we present NEUROExos, a novel generation of upper-limb exoskeletons developed in recent years at The BioRobotics Institute of Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna (Italy). Specifically, we present our attempts to progressively (i) improve the ergonomics and safety (ii) reduce the encumbrance and weight, and (iii) develop more intuitive human–robot cognitive interfaces. Our latest prototype, described here for the first time, extends the field of application to assistance in activities of daily living, thanks to its compact and portable design. The experimental studies carried out on these devices are summarized, and a perspective on future developments is presented.
SEMIPARAMETRIC INDEPENDENCE TESTING FOR TIME SERIES OF COUNTS AND THE ROLE OF THE SUPPORT
Authors: Harris David , McCabe Brendan 
Published: December 2018

This article considers testing for independence in a time series of small counts within an Integer Autoregressive (INAR) model, taking a semiparametric approach that avoids any distributional assumption on the arrivals process of the model. The nature of the testing problem is shown to differ depending on whether or not the support of the arrivals distribution is the full set of natural numbers (as would be the case for Poisson or Negative Binomial distributions for example) or some strict subset of the natural numbers (such as for a Binomial or Uniform distribution). The theory for these two cases is studied separately.For the case where the arrivals have support on the natural numbers, a new asymptotically efficient semiparametric test, the effective score (Neyman-Rao) test, is derived. The semiparametric Likelihood-Ratio, Wald and score tests are shown to be asymptotically equivalent to the effective score test, and hence also asymptotically efficient. Asymptotic relative efficiency calculations demonstrate that the semiparametric effective score test can provide substantial power advantages over the first order autocorrelation coefficient, which is most commonly applied in practice.For the case where the arrivals have support that is a strict subset of the natural numbers, the theory is considerably altered because the support of the observations becomes different under the null and alternative hypotheses. The semiparametric Likelihood-Ratio, Wald and score tests become asymptotically degenerate in this case, while the effective score test remains valid. Remarkably, in this case the effective score test is also found to have power against local alternatives that shrink to the null at the rate T−1. In rare cases where the arrival support is partly or totally known, additional tests exploiting this information are considered.Finite sample properties of the tests in these various cases demonstrate the semiparametric effective score test can provide substantial power advantages over the first order autocorrelation test implied by a parametric Poisson specification. The simulations also reveal situations in which the first order autocorrelation is preferable in finite samples, so a hybrid of the effective score and autocorrelation tests is proposed to capture most of the benefits of each test.
The course of maternal repetitive negative thinking at the transition to motherhood and early mother–infant interactions: Is there a link?
Authors: Müller Dana , Teismann Tobias , Hirschfeld Gerrit , Zmyj Norbert , Fuths Sabrina , Vocks Silja , Schneider Silvia , Seehagen Sabine 
Published: December 2018

AbstractPotential long-term associations between repetitive negative thinking and mother-infant interactions have received little attention. The current longitudinal study includingN= 62 mother-infant dyads investigated both maternal and infant behavior in face-to-face interactions as a function of pre- and postnatal maternal repetitive negative thinking when infants were aged around 4 months. We hypothesised that mothers with a strong tendency to engage in repetitive negative thinking would react less contingently to their infants’ behavior compared to mothers with a weak tendency to engage in repetitive negative thinking. Furthermore, we hypothesised that infants of mothers high in repetitive negative thinking would differ from infants of mothers low in repetitive negative thinking in their reactions in the still-face task. Contrary to expectations, there was no difference in maternal contingency between mothers high versus low in repetitive negative thinking. However, infant behavior in the still-face task differed as a function of maternal repetitive negative thinking status. Specifically, infants of mothers high in repetitive negative thinking spent more time with object/environment engagement than infants of mothers who were low in repetitive negative thinking, and they also protested less frequently. These findings are discussed in terms of their relevance for the intergenerational transmission of mental disorders.
Shone’s complex in a patient with chromosome 9q34.3 deletion (Kleefstra syndrome)
Authors: Kohli Utkarsh 
Published: December 2018

AbstractKleefstra syndrome (chromosome 9q34.3 deletion) is a rare genetic disorder with less than 110 patients reported till date. We report a 4-month-old Caucasian girl with Kleefstra syndrome and Shone’s complex, an association which has not been previously reported. Surgical planning for patients with Kleefstra syndrome and complex CHD can pose challenges due to an uncertain natural history and a risk of post-operative pulmonary hypertension.
Mass-Gathering Medical Care Provided by a Collegiate-Based First Response Service at an Annual College Music Festival and Campus-Wide Celebration
Authors: Friedman Nicholas M.G. , O’Connor Emily K. , Munro Timothy , Goroff David 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundThere is insufficient research on medical care at mass-gathering events (MGEs) on college and university campuses. Fun Day is an annual celebratory day held at Skidmore College (Saratoga Springs, New York USA), a small liberal arts college in the Northeastern United States. Fun Day is focused around an outdoor music festival; students also congregate and celebrate throughout the surrounding campus. To improve care and alleviate strain on local resources, a model was developed for the provision of emergency care by a collegiate-based, volunteer first-response service – Skidmore College Emergency Medical Services (EMS) – in coordination with a contracted, private ambulance service.Study/ObjectiveThe aims of this study were to: (1) analyze medical usage rates and case mixes at Fun Day over a four-year period, and to (2) describe the collegiate-based first response model for MGEs.MethodsData were collected retrospectively from event staff, college administrators, and Skidmore College EMS on event-related variables, patient encounters, and medical operations at Fun Day over a four-year period (2014-2017).ResultsAnnual attendance at the music festival was estimated at 2,000 individuals. Over four years, 54 patients received emergency medical care on campus on Fun Day, and 18 (33.3%) were transported to the emergency department. On-site contracted ambulances transported 77.8% of patients who were transported to the emergency department; mutual aid was requested for the other 22.2% of transports. The mean (SD) patient presentation rate (PPR) was 7.0 (SD = 1.0) per 1,000 attendees. The mean (SD) transport-to-hospital rate (TTHR) was 2.0 (SD = 1.0) per 1,000 attendees. Thirty (55.6%) patients presented with intoxication, seven (13.0%) with laceration(s), and five (9.3%) with head trauma as the primary concern. Medical command was established by volunteer undergraduate students. Up to 16 volunteer student first responders (including emergency medical technicians [EMTs]) were stationed on campus, in addition to two contracted ambulances at the Basic Life Support (BLS) and Advanced Life Support (ALS) levels. Operational strategies included: mobile first response crews, redundant communication systems, preventative education, and harm reduction.ConclusionHigh medical usage rates were observed, primarily due to alcohol/illicit substance use and traumatic injuries. The provision of emergency care by a collegiate-based first response service in coordination with a contracted, private ambulance agency serves as an innovative model for mass-gathering medical care on college and university campuses.FriedmanNMG, O’ConnorEK, MunroT, GoroffD.Mass-gathering medical care provided by a collegiate-based first response service at an annual college music festival and campus-wide celebration. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2019;34(1):98–103.
Effectiveness of social marketing in improving knowledge, attitudes and practice of consumption of vitamin A-fortified oil in Tanzania
Authors: Wu Daphne Chen Nee , Corbett Kitty , Horton Susan , Saleh Nadira , Mosha Theobald CE 
Published: December 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness of a social marketing intervention in enhancing knowledge, attitudes and practice (KAP) related to consumption of vitamin A-fortified oil.DesignThe intervention employed community events, distribution of educational materials and radio broadcasts. The intervention was assessed in a quasi-experimental non-equivalent control group study design by collecting information on KAP regarding vitamin A-fortified oil consumption before and after 9 months of a 13-month intervention.SettingSix districts in Manyara and Shinyanga regions in Tanzania were non-randomly selected as the intervention districts and two districts served as the control districts.ParticipantsAt baseline, 568 lactating mothers with children aged <5 years were randomly selected from the intervention and control districts. Of these, 494 mothers were followed up at endline.ResultsAfter 9 months of intervention, knowledge of fortification and actual consumption of adequately fortified oil were significantly higher in the intervention districts compared with the control districts (P <0·05). Knowledge of the health benefits of vitamin A improved significantly from about 33 to 45 % in both the intervention and control districts. The major sources of information for women were health clinics and community health workers (CHW).ConclusionsThe study showed that a social marketing intervention is effective in improving KAP regarding fortified oil consumption at the household level. Clinics and CHW are channels that should be prioritized when communicating health messages, particularly those targeting women.
Nutrient profile and energy cost of food sold by informal food vendors to learners in primary and secondary schools in the Eastern Cape, South Africa
Authors: Faber Mieke , de Villiers Anniza , Hill Jillian , van Jaarsveld Paul J , Okeyo Alice P , Seekoe Eunice 
Published: December 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo assess type, nutrient profile and cost of food items sold by informal vendors to learners; and to determine nutrient content of corn-based processed snacks frequently sold.DesignCross-sectional survey.SettingQuintile 1 to 3 schools (n 36) randomly selected from six education districts; Eastern Cape, South Africa.ParticipantsInformal food vendors (n 92) selling inside or immediately outside the school premises.ResultsFood items sold at most schools were corn-based processed snacks (94 % of schools), sweets (89 %), lollipops (72 %) and biscuits (62 %). Based on the South African Nutrient Profiling model, none of these foods were profiled as healthy. Foods less commonly sold were fruits (28 % of schools) and animal-source foods; these foods were profiled as healthy. Mean (sd) energy cost (per 418 kJ (100 kcal)) was highest for animal-source foods (R2·95 (1·16)) and lowest for bread and vetkoek (R0·76 (0·21)), snacks (R0·76 (0·30)) and confectionery products (R0·70 (0·28)). The nutrient profiling score was inversely related to the energy cost of the food item (r = −0·562, P = 0·010). Compared with brand-name corn-based processed snacks, non-branded snacks had lower energy (2177 v. 2061 kJ; P = 0·031) content per 100 g. None of the brand-name samples contained sucrose; six of the nine non-branded samples contained sucrose, ranging from 4·4 to 6·2 g/100 g.ConclusionsFoods mostly sold were unhealthy options, with the healthier food items being more expensive sources of energy.
Pension reform and return-to-work policies
Authors: Fitzpatrick Maria D. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractFor many people, working after beginning retirement benefit collection is a way to enhance financial security by increasing income. Existing research has shown that retirees are sensitive to the Social Security earnings test, which restricts the amount of earnings some beneficiaries can receive. However, little is known about the effects of other types of policies on post-retirement employment. Instead of restricting earnings, many public pension plans restrict the number of hours beneficiaries can work. I use return-to-work rules limiting the number of hours of employment in a state's public pension plan and administrative data on employment and retirement to determine the rules’ effects on retirement decisions and post-retirement labor supply. I find that the increases in the maximum number of hours of post-retirement employment lead to no change in retirement benefit collection and to increases in part-time work among retirees. As such, these policies appear to be binding on the labor supply decisions of some employees. These results are relevant for designing policies aimed at extending work-lives or improving the health of pension systems.
A case report of the efficacy and usefulness of asenapine in the treatment of a cancer patient with delirium and aphagia
Authors: Osawa Kyoko , Ukai Satoshi , Kuriyama Toshiyuki 
Published: December 2018

AbstractObjectiveControlling hyperactive and mixed delirium is extremely important for the continuation of cancer treatment in palliative care. In general, oral antipsychotics are the first-line drug therapy for delirium; however, oral administration is problematic in patients presenting dysphagia. In this case report, we describe an end-stage cancer patient with aphagia who developed delirium and responded to sublingual antipsychotic asenapine for treating delirium. We also discuss the effectiveness of asenapine in hyperactive delirium as well as its usefulness for treating delirium in palliative care.MethodA cancer patient with delirium was treated with several oral antipsychotics commonly used to treat delirium but did not respond to any of them. The patient subsequently developed aphagia with progression of the disease. Sublingual asenapine was therefore given to treat delirium.ResultAsenapine was effective in treating delirium without causing any obvious side effects.Significance of resultsIn the present case, asenapine was effective in treating hyperactive delirium that did not respond to commonly used antipsychotics. Because asenapine is a sublingual tablet, it can be used in patients with dysphagia and aphagia. In addition, this drug is anticipated to diminish the burden of end-stage patients from taking oral medications. Furthermore, its management is easier compared with injections, and can therefore also be easily used in homecare patients. Based on these perspectives, asenapine may become an important option for treating delirium in palliative care.