bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Establishment of an RNA polymerase II-driven reverse genetics system for Nipah virus strains from Malaysia and Bangladesh
Authors: Griffin Bryan D. , Leung Anders , Chan Mable , Warner Bryce M. , Ranadheera Charlene , Tierney Kevin , Audet Jonathan , Frost Kathy L. , Safronetz David , Embury-Hyatt Carissa , Booth Stephanie A. , Kobasa Darwyn 
Published: August 2019

AbstractNipah virus (NiV) has emerged as a highly lethal zoonotic paramyxovirus that is capable of causing a febrile encephalitis and/or respiratory disease in humans for which no vaccines or licensed treatments are currently available. There are two genetically and geographically distinct lineages of NiV: NiV-Malaysia (NiV-M), the strain that caused the initial outbreak in Malaysia, and NiV-Bangladesh (NiV-B), the strain that has been implicated in subsequent outbreaks in India and Bangladesh. NiV-B appears to be both more lethal and have a greater propensity for person-to-person transmission than NiV-M. Here we describe the generation and characterization of stable RNA polymerase II-driven infectious cDNA clones of NiV-M and NiV-B. In vitro, reverse genetics-derived NiV-M and NiV-B were indistinguishable from a wildtype isolate of NiV-M, and both viruses were pathogenic in the Syrian hamster model of NiV infection. We also describe recombinant NiV-M and NiV-B with enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) inserted between the G and L genes that enable rapid and sensitive detection of NiV infection in vitro. This panel of molecular clones will enable studies to investigate the virologic determinants of henipavirus pathogenesis, including the pathogenic differences between NiV-M and NiV-B, and the high-throughput screening of candidate therapeutics.
Inhibition of snake venom induced sterile inflammation and PLA2 activity by Titanium dioxide Nanoparticles in experimental animals
Authors: Chakrabartty Shubhro , Alam Md. Iqbal , Bhagat Saumya , Alam Aftab , Dhyani Neha , Khan Gausal A. , Alam M. Sarwar 
Published: August 2019

AbstractSterile inflammation (SI) is an essential process in response to snakebite and injury. The venom induced pathophysiological response to sterile inflammation results into many harmful and deleterious effects that ultimately leads to death. The available treatment for snakebite is antiserum which does not provide enough protection against venom-induced pathophysiological changes like haemorrhage, necrosis, nephrotoxicity and often develop hypersensitive reactions. In order to overcome these hindrances, scientists around the globe are searching for an alternative therapy to provide better treatment to the snake envenomation patients. In the present study TiO2(Titanium dioxide)-NPs (Nanoparticles) has been assessed for antisnake venom activity and its potential to be used as an antidote. In this study, the synthesis of TiO2-NPs arrays has been demonstrated on p-type Silicon Si < 100 > substrate (∼30 ohm-cm) and the surface topography has been detected by Field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The TiO2-NPs successfully neutralized theDaboia russeliivenom (DRV) andNaja kaouthiavenom (NKV)-induced lethal activity. Viper venom induced haemorrhagic, coagulant and anticoagulant activities were effectively neutralized both inin-vitroandin vivostudies. The cobra and viper venoms-induced sterile inflammatory molecules (IL-6, HMGB1, HSP70, HSP90, S100B and vWF) were effectively neutralised by the TiO2-NPs in experimental animals.
Effects of PM2.5 on Skeletal Muscle Mass and Body Fat Mass of the Elderly in Taipei, Taiwan
Authors: Chen Chi-Hsien , Huang Li-Ying , Lee Kang-Yun , Wu Chih-Da , Chiang Hung-Che , Chen Bing-Yu , Chin Wei-Shan , Pan Shih-Chun , Guo Yue Leon 
Published: August 2019

AbstractLoss of skeletal muscle mass is common with aging and can cause morbidity and mortality in the elderly. The effects of particulate air pollution on skeletal muscle mass is not known. The study aims to assess the chronic effects of ambient fine particulates (PM2.5) on the body composition of the elderly. From October 2015 to November 2016, a cross-sectional survey on 530 elderly (age > = 65 years) was conducted in the Taipei Basin, Taiwan. The body composition was measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis (InBody 120). One year exposure to air pollution was estimated using the Kriging method at the participant’s residence. Multiple linear regression analysis, after adjustments for demographics and co-pollutants, was used to examine the effects of PM2.5 on body composition indices and force of handgrip. Changes in body composition for an interquartile (1.4 μm/m3) increase in PM2.5 concentration included a 0.4 kg (95% confidence interval (CI): −0.31, −0.58; p < 0.0001) decrease in skeletal muscle mass (2.0%) and a 0.7 kg (95% CI: 0.47, 0.91; p < 0.0001) increase in body fat mass (3.6%). While PM2.5 reduced fat free mass in the upper extremities and trunk, but not in the lower extremities, it increased body fat mass in the three parts. There was no significant effect of PM2.5 on handgrip force. Higher physical activity (versus lower than median) was associated with less detrimental effect of PM2.5 on skeletal muscle mass and body fat mass (p values for interaction term: 0.009 and 0.013, respectively). Long-term PM2.5 exposure is associated with decreased skeletal muscle mass and increased body fat mass in the elderly, which can be ameliorated by physical activity.
Allostatic adaptation and personalized physiological trade-offs in the circadian regulation of the HPA axis: A mathematical modeling approach
Authors: Rao Rohit , Androulakis Ioannis P. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis orchestrates the physiological response to unpredictable acute stressors. Moreover, the HPA axis exhibits prominent circadian activity and synchronizes peripheral circadian clocks to daily environmental cycles, thereby promoting homeostasis. Persistent disruption of homeostatic glucocorticoid circadian rhythmicity due to chronic stress exposure is correlated with the incidence of various pathological conditions including depression, diabetes and cancer. Allostatic habituation of the HPA axis, such that glucocorticoid levels retain homeostatic levels upon chronic exposure to stress, can therefore confer fitness advantages by preventing the sustained dysregulation of glucocorticoid-responsive signaling pathways. However, such allostatic adaptation results in a physiological cost (allostatic load) that might impair the homeostatic stress-responsive and synchronizing functions of the HPA axis. We use mathematical modeling to characterize specific chronic stress-induced allostatic adaptations in the HPA network. We predict the existence of multiple individualized regulatory strategies enabling the maintenance of homeostatic glucocorticoid rhythms, while allowing for flexible HPA response characteristics. We show that this regulatory variability produces a trade-off between the stress-responsive and time-keeping properties of the HPA axis. Finally, allostatic regulatory adaptations are predicted to cause a time-of-day dependent sensitization of the acute stress response and impair the entrainability of the HPA axis.
Hedgehog Interacting Protein (Hhip) Regulates Insulin Secretion in Mice Fed High Fat Diets
Authors: Nchienzia Henry , Liao Min-Chun , Zhao Xin-Ping , Chang Shiao-Ying , Lo Chao-Sheng , Chenier Isabelle , Ingelfinger Julie R. , Chan John S. D. , Zhang Shao-Ling 
Published: August 2019

AbstractHedgehog interacting protein (Hhip) is essential for islet formation and beta-cell proliferation during pancreatic development; abnormally elevated Hhip expression has been linked to human pancreatitis. Here, we investigate the role of Hhip in modulating insulin secretion in adult Hhip mice (Hhip +/− vs. Hhip+/+) fed high fat diets (HFD). Both sexes of HFD-Hhip +/+ mice developed impaired glucose intolerance, that was only ameliorated in male HFD-Hhip +/− mice that had high levels of circulating plasma insulin, but not in female HFD-Hhip +/− mice. HFD stimulated Hhip gene expression, mainly in beta cells. Male HFD-Hhip +/+ mice had more large islets in which insulin content was reduced; islet architecture was disordered; and markers of oxidative stress (8-OHdG and Nox 2) were increased. In contrast, male HFD-Hhip +/− mice had more small islets with increased beta cell proliferation, enhanced GSIS, less oxidative stress and preserved islet integrity. In vitro, recombinant Hhip increased Nox2 and NADPH activity and decreased insulin-positive beta cells. siRNA-Hhip increased GSIS and abolished the stimulation of sodium palmitate (PA)-BSA on Nox2 gene expression. We conclude that pancreatic Hhip gene inhibits insulin secretion by altering islet integrity and promoting Nox2 gene expression in beta cells in response to HDF-mediated beta cell dysfunction, a novel finding.
Ultrathin Planar Metasurface-based Acoustic Energy Harvester with Deep Subwavelength Thickness and Mechanical Rigidity
Authors: Jin Meng , Liang Bin , Yang Jing , Yang Jun , Cheng Jian-chun 
Published: August 2019

AbstractDespite the growing attentions dedicated to the harvesting of acoustic energy that is a clean and renewable yet usually wasted energy source, the long wavelength of airborne sound still poses fundamental limits on the miniaturization of harvester devices and hinders practical applications. Here we present an ultrathin and planar acoustic energy harvester with rigidity. We propose a distinctive metasurface-based mechanism that reduces the effective wavelength to produce extraordinarily strong local energy within deep-subwavelength dimension and enable high-efficiently harvesting energy of incident airborne sound with considerably long wavelength. Our design idea is implemented by a foldy-structured metasurface capable of confining low-frequency energy within narrow channel at resonance, with a piezoelectric plate judiciously placed to converse acoustic to electric energy. The resulting device is downscaled to as thin as λ/63 while keeping flat shape and mechanical rigidity. We analytically derive the effective acoustical parameter of the unit cell, and verify the theoretical predictions via numerical simulations which shows the generation of the maximum output power at the prescribed working frequency. Our design with compactness and rigidity makes an important step towards the miniaturization and integration of acoustic energy harvesters and may have far-reaching implication in diverse applications ranging from microelectronic device design to wireless and self-powered active sensing.
The Heider balance and the looking-glass self: modelling dynamics of social relations
Authors: Krawczyk Małgorzata J. , Wołoszyn Maciej , Gronek Piotr , Kułakowski Krzysztof , Mucha Janusz 
Published: August 2019

AbstractWe consider the dynamics of interpersonal relations which leads to balanced states in a fully connected network. Here this approach is applied to directed networks with asymmetric relations, and it is generalized to include self-evaluation of actors, according to the ‘looking-glass self’ theory. A new index of self-acceptance is proposed: the relation of an actor to him/herself is positive, if the majority of his/her positive relations to others are reciprocated. Sets of stable configurations of relations are obtained under the dynamics, where the self-evaluation of some actors is negative. Within each set all configurations have the same structure.
Human thioredoxin, a damage-associated molecular pattern and Malassezia-crossreactive autoallergen, modulates immune responses via the C-type lectin receptors Dectin-1 and Dectin-2
Authors: Roesner L. M. , Ernst M. , Chen W. , Begemann G. , Kienlin P. , Raulf M. K. , Lepenies B. , Werfel T. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractHuman thioredoxin (hTrx), which can be secreted from cells upon stress, functions in allergic skin inflammation as a T cell antigen due to homology and cross-reactivity with the fungal allergen Mala s13 of the skin-colonizing yeast Malassezia sympodialis. Recent studies have shown that cell wall polysaccharides of Malassezia are detected by the immune system via the C-type lectin receptors Dectin-1 and Dectin-2, which are expressed on myeloid cells. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate a putative interaction between Dectin-1, Dectin-2 and the allergens Mala s13 and hTrx. Stimulation of human monocyte-derived dendritic cells or macrophages with Mala s13 or hTrx resulted in remarkable secretion of IL-1β and IL-23. Blocking experiments suggest that hTrx induces IL-23 by Dectin-1 binding and IL-1β by binding to either Dectin-1 or Dectin-2. Regarding Mala s13, Dectin-1 appears to be involved in IL-1β signaling. Interference of Syk kinase function was performed to investigate downstream signaling, which led to diminished hTrx responses. In our experiments, we observed rapid internalization of Mala s13 and hTrx upon cell contact and we were able to confirm direct interaction with Dectin-1 as well as Dectin-2 applying a fusion protein screening platform. We hypothesize that this cytokine response may result in a Th2/Th17-polarizing milieu, which may play a key role during the allergic sensitization in the skin, where allergen presentation to T cells is accompanied by microbial colonization and skin inflammation.
LncRNA SRA1 is down-regulated in HPV-negative cervical squamous cell carcinoma and regulates cancer cell behaviors
Authors: Liu Yunyong , Li Mengdan , Yu Huihui , Piao Haozhe 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
LncRNA SRA1 plays important roles in several types of human diseases. The present study aimed to explore the role of SRA1 in cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC). In the present study, we showed that plasma SRA1 was down-regulated in human papillomavirus (HPV)-negative CSCC patients but not in HPV-positive CSCC patients compared with healthy females. Down-regulated SRA1 distinguished HPV-negative CSCC patients from HPV-positive CSCC patients and healthy females. In HPV-negative CSCC patients, miR-9 was up-regulated and inversely correlated with SRA1. In HPV-negative CSCC cells, SRA1 overexpression caused the down-regulated miR-9, while miR-9 overexpression failed to affect SRA1. Moreover, SRA1 overexpression caused decreased, while miR-9 overexpression caused increased proliferation, migration and invasion rates of cancer cells. In addition, miR-9 overexpression attenuated the effects of SRA1 overexpression. Therefore, SRA1 is down-regulated in HPV-negative CSCC and regulates cancer cell behaviors possibly by down-regulating miR-9.
Porcine antiviral activity is increased by CRISPRa-SAM system
Authors: Jiang Jinhe , Sun Yumei , Xiao Rong , Wai Kai , Ahmad Muhammad Jamil , Khan Faheem Ahmed , Zhou Hongbo , Li Zhiyong , Zhang Yong , Zhou Ao , Zhang Shujun 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeat activation-synergistic activation mediator system (CRISPRa-SAM) has been efficiently used to up-regulate the targeted genes in human and mouse. But it is not known whether the CRISPRa-SAM system can be used against porcine disease because its two important transcriptional activation domains (P65 and heat shock transcription factor 1 (HSF1)) are from mouse and human, respectively. Pig is one of the most important meat sources, porcine viral infectious diseases cause massive economic losses to the swine industry and threaten the public health. We aimed to investigate whether the CRISPRa-SAM system could increase porcine antiviral activity by mediating two pig-specific target genes (Mx2 and β1,4 N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase (B4galnt2)). First, we constructed PK-15 and IPEC-J2 cell lines expressing nuclease-deficient Cas9 (dCas9)-vp64 and MS2-P65-HSF1 stably. Next, in these two cell models, we activated Mx2 and B4galnt2 expression through CRISPRa-SAM system. Antiviral activity to PRV or H9N2 was improved in PK-15 cells where Mx2 or B4galnt2 was activated. Altogether, our results demonstrated the potential of CRISPRa-SAM system as a powerful tool for activating pig genes and improving porcine antiviral activity.
Multi‐layer broadband asymmetric transmission of linearly polarised in active metasurface
Authors: Li You , Liu Xiaochun , Liu Lili , Cao Qunsheng 
Published: August 2019

Although many different kinds of polarisers have been extensively studied in the last 20 years, most previous designs were passive and single‐functional designs. In this study, a kind of a new active polarisation converter is designed. The active polarisation converter is comprised of periodically arranged circular ring embedded with PIN diodes. Four different results of polarisation transformation and reflection can be presented by controlling the bias voltage of the PIN diodes. The full‐wave simulation results show that the proposed metasurface can rigorously satisfy the asymmetric transmission and can achieve cross‐polarisation conversion with high efficiencies for linearly polarised waves. In addition, there is another particularly obvious advantage of the proposed structure is its broad operation bandwidth in microwave band, the bandwidth of the polariser reaches 70%, more than 90% cross‐polarisation conversion efficiency is observed from 6.5 to 13.5 GHz.
Contribution of CAD to the Sensitivity for Detecting Lung Metastases on Thin-Section CT – A Prospective Study with Surgical and Histopathological Correlation
Authors: Meybaum Christian , Graff Mareike , Fallenberg Eva Maria , Leschber Gunda , Wormanns Dag 
Published: August 2019

Purpose To assess the sensitivity of radiologists and a CAD system for the detection of lung metastases on thin-section computed tomographic (CT) scans prior to pulmonary metastasectomy.
Materials and Methods All patients scheduled for resection of lung metastases were eligible for this prospective single-center trial. 95 patients with 115 surgical procedures (pulmonary metastasectomy using thoracotomy) were included. An experienced radiologist examined the CT scans for pulmonary metastases and documented his findings. A commercial CAD system was used as a second reader; additional CAD findings were recorded. A comparison of the sensitivity of the radiologist alone and with CAD was performed. Intraoperatively surgeons tried to identify the documented lesions and resected them as well as additionally palpable lesions. The standard of reference consisted of surgery and histopathology. Follow-up information for radiologically detected lesions missed during surgery was sought.
Results 693 lesions (262 metastases) were detected radiologically or surgically, 646 of them were resected. The sensitivity of radiologists without CAD was 67.5 % for all lesions (87.4 % for metastases). CAD highly significantly (p < 0.001) increased the sensitivity to 77.9 % (92.7 %). During surgery, 143 additional lesions (19 metastases) were detected. 49 radiologically detected lesions were not palpable during surgery: 4 metastases, 5 benign lesions, and 40 lesions of an unknown nature.
Conclusion CAD provides significant additional sensitivity for detecting lung metastases using MDCT compared to the performance of a radiologist alone. CT reveals a relevant number of non-palpable pulmonary lesions.
Key Points:
Citation Format
Quality of Warfarin Therapy and Quality of Life are Improved by Self-Management for Two Years
Authors: Sølvik Una Ørvim , Løkkebø Elisabeth , Kristoffersen Ann Helen , Brodin Ellen , Averina Maria , Sandberg Sverre 
Published: August 2019

Background Studies from several countries show that self-management of vitamin K antagonist (e.g., warfarin) therapy reduce the risk of complications compared with conventional management.
Objectives The aim of this study was to investigate the quality of warfarin management when patients were transferred from conventional management to self-management in Norway. In addition, quality of life (QoL) before and after 2 years of warfarin self-management was investigated.
Materials and Methods The study was longitudinal with a retrospective and prospective design where 126 patients on conventional management of long-term warfarin therapy underwent a 21-week training program of warfarin self-management followed by 2 years of self-management. The outcomes of the study were time in therapeutic range (TTR), the variance of international normalized ratio (INR) values, extreme INR values (INR ≤ 1.5 and ≥ 5), complications, and QoL, comparing the 2-year period of the conventional management with the 2-year period with the self-management.
Results The median TTR was higher during self-management compared with conventional management (78.1% vs. 65.9%, respectively, p < 0.001). In addition, self-management resulted in lower INR variance (0.22 vs. 0.33, p < 0.001), reduced percentage of extreme INR values (1.8% vs. 5.3%, p < 0.001), less complications (0% vs. 5.6%), and improved QoL (p < 0.001) compared with conventional management.
Conclusion We used five different measures and found improved quality of warfarin self-management 2 years after patients were transferred from the conventional management.
Depletion layer dynamics of polyelectrolyte solutions under Poiseuille flow
Authors: Park Seong Jun , Shakya Anisha , King John T. 
Published: August 2019

Significance
The interfacial physics of complex liquids under flow remains a long-standing problem in fluid mechanics that is important for fields ranging from lubrication to nanofluidics. Liquids containing small amounts of high-molecular weight polymers are found to flow through channels faster than expected, a phenomenon attributed to the formation of boundary depletion layers that relaxes the no-slip boundary condition and allows the bulk of the fluid to slip past the walls. This work provides the most direct measurement to date of the dimension and composition of depletion layers of a polymer solution under flow. We anticipate extending this approach to help understand fluid dynamics in different regimes, such as flow in nanoconfinement and turbulence.
Final Report on GULFMET Supplementary Comparison of Inductance at 10 mH and 100 mH at 1 kHz (GULFMET.EM-S4)
Authors: Velychko Oleh , Shevkun Sergii , Bartholomew Jon , Alrobaish Abdullah M 
Published: August 2019

An intercomparison of inductance at 10 mH and 100 mH at 1 kHz has taken place within the framework of GULFMET. The intercomparison, piloted by State Enterprise 'Ukrmetrteststandard'-UMTS (Ukraine), has involved three laboratories, including one who is a member of another regional metrological organization-COOMET (UMTS, Ukraine). The results presented in this report appear to show that there are significant differences between some laboratories' representations of the henry. However, the agreement demonstrated by the intercomparison provides confidence in maintaining traceability for the inductance at 10 mH and 100 mH.
KEY WORDS FOR SEARCH
Intercomparison, inductance, traceability, regional metrological organization

Main text

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCEM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).