bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-Term Test–Retest Stability of ANAM in a Large Military Sample
Authors: Meyers John E 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Objective
This paper examines the long-term stability of the Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics (ANAM) over 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year time periods.

Methods
The sample was drawn from active duty military personnel. All individuals were administered the ANAM and were re-administered the ANAM a second time, either 1 year, 3 years, or 5 years later. All individuals had no reported cognitive problems or concussion or any traumatic brain injury between the first and second assessments and had no intervening contact with the ANAM. All were assessed using the military standard approach with trained proctors.

Results
The results for (n = 19,997) individuals who were tested 1 year apart showed an intra-class correlation (ICC) of .6 for simple reaction time and simple reaction time repeat and .7 and above for all other scales. For the sample with 3 years between testings (n = 9,166), the ICC was similar to the 1-year sample. When the 5 year between testings data was examined (n = 2,270), the ICCs for all scales except the simple reaction time and simple reaction time repeat showed ICCs of .7 and.8. The simple reaction time and simple reaction time repeat showed ICCs of .596.

Conclusions
These results indicate that the use of the ANAN baseline for comparison can be done even if the baseline is up to 5 years old.
Theta and Gamma Bands Encode Acoustic Dynamics over Wide-Ranging Timescales
Authors: Teng Xiangbin , Poeppel David 
Published: October 2019

AbstractNatural sounds contain acoustic dynamics ranging from tens to hundreds of milliseconds. How does the human auditory system encode acoustic information over wide-ranging timescales to achieve sound recognition? Previous work (Teng et al. 2017) demonstrated a temporal coding preference for the theta and gamma ranges, but it remains unclear how acoustic dynamics between these two ranges are coded. Here, we generated artificial sounds with temporal structures over timescales from ~200 to ~30 ms and investigated temporal coding on different timescales. Participants discriminated sounds with temporal structures at different timescales while undergoing magnetoencephalography recording. Although considerable intertrial phase coherence can be induced by acoustic dynamics of all the timescales, classification analyses reveal that the acoustic information of all timescales is preferentially differentiated through the theta and gamma bands, but not through the alpha and beta bands; stimulus reconstruction shows that the acoustic dynamics in the theta and gamma ranges are preferentially coded. We demonstrate that the theta and gamma bands show the generality of temporal coding with comparable capacity. Our findings provide a novel perspective—acoustic information of all timescales is discretised into two discrete temporal chunks for further perceptual analysis.
Unapprehended relations
Authors: Phillips Tom 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis article addresses P.B. Shelley’s ‘Hymn to Mercury’ and allusions to classical literature in ‘Ode to Liberty’. Congruities emerge between Shelley’s poetic practice, his conception of poetry’s social role, and his understanding of the relationship between antiquity and the present. When translating and reshaping ancient Greek poetry, he brings to the surface morally significant features of that poetry which only emerge in the dialogues that his writing creates. In doing so, he enacts literary history as a process that both reflects and enables expansions of the moral imagination.
Maternal cardiovascular complications at the time of delivery and subsequent re-hospitalization in the USA, 2010–16
Authors: Goyal Noopur , Herrick Jennifer S , Son Shannon , Metz Torri D , Shah Rashmee U 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Aims
Cardiovascular (CV) complications are the leading cause of maternal morbidity and mortality. The objective was to estimate trends in the incidence of peripartum CV complications in the USA between 2010 and 2016.

Methods and results
This was a retrospective analyses using data from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project. We included women with delivery codes consistent with delivery, weighted to a national estimate. The primary outcome was the age-adjusted incidence of CV complications among all deliveries, including complications that occurred during re-hospitalizations. Complications were identified using International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes. Joinpoint regression was used to evaluate time trends and complications were stratified by type. The secondary outcome was in-hospital maternal death among women with a CV complication. We identified a weighted estimate of 27 408 652 women hospitalized for delivery from 2010 to 2016. Including all years, the complication incidence was 7.36/1000 births [95% confidence interval (CI) 7.18–7.54], with an estimated annual percentage change of 5.8% (95% CI 3.7–7.8%). Cardiac dysrhythmia was the most common complication [3.98/1000 births (95% CI 3.88–4.08)] and acute myocardial infarction was the least common complication [0.11/1000 births (95% CI 0.10–0.11)]. The incidence of hypertension, acute myocardial infarction, and cardiac arrest increased over time, the incidence of congestive heart failure and acute cerebrovascular disease remained stable, the incidence of pulmonary heart disease increased from 2015 onward, and the incidence of cardiac dysrhythmia decreased in 2016. Complications during re-hospitalization accounted for 13.6% (95% CI 13.2–14.1%) of all complications and was highest for acute myocardial infarction [28.1% (95% CI 23.2–33.1)]. Among women with any complication, the mortality rate was 1.20 (95% CI 1.11–1.29) per 100 complications.

Conclusion
Our analyses suggest the rate of peripartum CV complications are increasing in the USA, which highlights the need for active efforts in research and prevention.
Rat H1 parvovirus infection leads to alterations in gut microbiota
Authors: Xiang Zhiguang , Tong Wei , Guo Zhi , Xu Yanfeng , Guo Jianguo , Ruan Yanshuo , Zhao Peng 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT
H1 parvovirus (H1PV) infection in rats is of concern to the research community as infection may compromise rodent-based experiments. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of H1PV infection on rat gut microbiota. Inbred Wistar rats were infected with H1PV by routine gavage and clinical signs were recorded. Gross anatomical and histopathological examination of the gut was performed, as was immune cytokine analysis. The cecal contents were also collected for 16S rRNA sequencing. Gross anatomical examination showed distention of the ileum associated with flatulence after infection, while histopathological examination showed hyperemia and inflammatory cell infiltration in the ileum. Upregulation of the interleukin-6 in sera in H1PV infected rats was also detected. The gut microbiota had been significantly changed in H1PV infected rats: there was a reduction in several bacteria species including probiotic bacteria from the genera Parabacteroides and Butyricicoccus, while others were increased, including those from the genera Methanobrevibacter and Syntrophococcus. Taken together, these results demonstrate that chronic H1PV infection in rats leads to gastrointestinal inflammation with flatulence. The gut microbiota alterations were associated with decreased polymorphisms, reduced abundance of probiotic bacteria and increased abundance of methane-producing bacteria.
Cutting the Cord: Social and Scholarly Revolutions as CMC Goes Mobile
Authors: Campbell Scott W 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Mobile media and communication (MMC) serve as the preferred context for going online among many individuals today and the only means for others less fortunate. As computer-mediated communication (CMC) increasingly goes mobile, scholars should bear in mind the distinctive, and oftentimes disruptive, implications for everyday social life as well as research in the field. Toward that end, this article reviews select ways that MMC structures how people connect with each other and places of social activity. Synthesis of that research casts light on key developments in technology, social practice, and scholarship as CMC primarily becomes a mobile phenomenon.
Measles Maternal Antibodies With Low Avidity Do Not Interfere With the Establishment of Robust Quantity and Quality Antibody Responses After the Primary Dose of Measles, Mumps, and Rubella Vaccine Administered at 12-Months of Age
Authors: Collins Cathleen A , Gelinas Laura , Yasukawa Linda L , Audet Susette , Abu-Raya Bahaa , Turvey Stuart E , Beeler Judy A , Kollmann Tobias R , Gans Hayley A 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In this study, we illustrate, for the first time, that preexisting low-avidity neutralizing measles maternal antibodies do not interfere with the development of high concentrations of high-avidity measles antibodies in children immunized at age 12 months. This suggests that the quality of measles maternal antibodies, rather than the quantity, impacts immunogenicity of primary measles immunization.
Selection of M-dwarfs using Gaia, WISE, and 2MASS
Authors: Bentley J , Tinney C G , Sharma S , Wright D 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT
We present criteria for the selection of M-dwarfs down to G < 14.5 using all-sky survey data, with a view to identifying potential M-dwarfs, to be confirmed spectroscopically by the FunnelWeb survey. Two sets of criteria were developed. The first, based on absolute magnitude in the Gaia G passband, with MG > 7.7, selects 76,392 stars, with 81.0 per cent expected to be M-dwarfs at a completeness of >97 per cent. The second is based on colour and uses Gaia, WISE, and 2MASS all-sky photometry. This criteria identifies 94,479 candidate M-dwarfs, of which between 29.4 per cent and 47.3 per cent are expected to be true M-dwarfs, and which contains 99.6 per cent of expected M-dwarfs. Both criteria were developed using synthetic galaxy model predictions, and a previously spectroscopically classified set of M- and K-dwarfs, to evaluate both M-dwarf completeness and false-positive detections (i.e. the non-M-dwarf contamination rate). Both criteria used in combination demonstrate how each excludes different sources of contamination. We therefore developed a final set of criteria that combines absolute magnitude and colour selection to identify 74,091 stars. All these sets of criteria select numbers of objects feasible for confirmation via massively multiplexed spectroscopic surveys like FunnelWeb.
The 2018 outburst of BHXB H1743−322 as seen with MeerKAT
Authors: Williams D R A , Motta S E , Fender R , Bright J , Heywood I , Tremou E , Woudt P , Buckley D A H , Corbel S , Coriat M , Joseph T , Rhodes L , Sivakoff G R , van der Horst A J 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT
In recent years, the black hole candidate X-ray binary system H1743−322 has undergone outbursts and it has been observed with X-ray and radio telescopes. We present 1.3 GHz MeerKAT radio data from the ThunderKAT Large Survey Project on radio transients for the 2018 outburst of H1743−322. We obtain seven detections from a weekly monitoring programme and use publicly available Swift X-ray Telescope and Monitor of All-sky X-ray Image data to investigate the radio/X-ray correlation of H1743−322 for this outburst. We compare the 2018 outburst with those reported in the literature for this system and find that the X-ray outburst reported is similar to previously reported ‘hard-only’ outbursts. As in previous outbursts, H1743−322 follows the ‘radio-quiet’ correlation in the radio/X-ray plane for black hole X-ray binaries, and the radio spectral index throughout the outburst is consistent with the ‘radio-quiet’ population.
Single lithium-ion channel polymer binder for stabilizing sulfur cathodes
Authors: Niu Chaoqun , Liu Jie , Qian Tao , Shen Xiaowei , Zhou Jinqiu , Yan Chenglin 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Lithium–sulfur batteries have great potential for high-performance energy-storage devices, yet the severe diffusion of soluble polysulfide to electrolyte greatly limits their practical applications. To address the above issues, herein we design and synthesize a novel polymer binder with single lithium-ion channels allowing fast lithium-ion transport while blocking the shuttle of unnecessary polysulfide anions. In situ UV–vis spectroscopy measurements reveal that the prepared polymer binder has effective immobilization to polysulfide intermediates. As expected, the resultant sulfur cathode achieves an excellent specific capacity of 1310 mAh g−1 at 0.2 C, high Coulombic efficiency of 99.5% at 0.5 C after 100 cycles and stable cycling performance for 300 cycles at 1 C (1 C = 1675 mA g−1). This study reports a new avenue to assemble a polymer binder with a single lithium-ion channel for solving the serious problem of energy attenuation of lithium–sulfur batteries.
Open Options Education and Children’s Religious Upbringing: A Critical Review of Current Discussions Taking Place in the UK Parliament
Authors: Hill Ryan 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Ensuring open minds and open options education has recently been suggested by the UK House of Lords as a State role that can and should override parents’ decisions in relation to their children’s religious upbringing and education. Yet the language used in their Lordship’s debates risks failing to respect the nature and purpose of legally enshrined parental rights in this area and of being perceived as potential bias that rests on a set of assumptions difficult to adequately determine. Through reference to various writings and case law on the interplay between parents’ rights relating to religious upbringing and the State’s obligations to education, along with an in-depth analysis of the notion of indoctrination, this article critiques their Lordships’ discussions over this complex and highly charged issue by highlighting some of the problems confronting their discussions.
Familial aggregation and heritability of ankylosing spondylitis – a Swedish nested case–control study
Authors: Morin Matilda , Hellgren Karin , Frisell Thomas 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Objectives
AS is known to be a highly heritable disease, but previous studies on the magnitude of the familial aggregation and heritability of AS have been small and inconclusive, with familial relative risks ranging from 17 to 94. We aimed to improve estimates of these factors by studying families of all subjects diagnosed with AS in Sweden over a period of 16 years and to investigate if familial risks vary by sex or type of relative.

Methods
In a nested case–control study, we identified AS index patients from the National Patient Register (NPR) and the Swedish Rheumatology Quality Register (SRQ) between 2001 and 2016. Each index patient was matched on age and sex to up to 50 general population controls. First-degree relatives of index patients and controls were identified through the Multi-Generation Register, with disease status ascertained in the NPR and SRQ. Familial risks were defined as odds ratios (ORs) of having AS when exposed to a first-degree relative with AS, using conditional logistic regression.

Results
The overall familial OR for AS was 19.4 (95% CI 18.1, 20.8). Estimates were similar for different relative types and by sex, but having more than one affected relative resulted in a higher risk [OR 68.0 (95% CI 51.3, 90.1)]. Heritability, estimated by assuming sibling risks were completely due to genetics, was 77% (95% CI 73, 80).

Conclusion
Although the familial risk and heritability of AS are higher than for most other diseases, we report estimates that are substantially lower than commonly referenced numbers for AS from other populations.
Hidradenitis Suppurativa
Authors: Kawak Samer 
Published: October 2019

Case Summary:
A 66-year-old obese (BMI 34) diabetic man, a former smoker who had quit 4 months ago, had a 20-year history of perianal, inguinal, and gluteal hidradenitis suppurativa. He presented to the office with persistent perianal and gluteal inflammation and drainage. He had had various surgical excisions of the affected area over the preceding 10 years. The patient was also following up with dermatology and was previously on doxycycline and infliximab with little improvement in his symptoms. On physical examination of his gluteal and perianal region, he had multiple areas of scarring and draining sinus tracts with significant induration (Figs. 1 and 2). The patient underwent extensive unroofing of the sinus tracts and excision of active disease (Fig. 3).
Spatial–Temporal Cluster Analysis of Childhood Cancer in California
Authors: Francis Stephen Starko , Enders Catherine , Hyde Rebecca , Gao Xing , Wang Rong , Ma Xiaomei , Wiemels Joseph L. , Selvin Steve , Metayer Catherine 
Published: October 2019

Background:
The observance of nonrandom space–time groupings of childhood cancer has been a concern of health professionals and the general public for decades. Many childhood cancers are suspected to have initiated in utero; therefore, we examined the spatial–temporal randomness of the birthplace of children who later developed cancer.

Methods:
We performed a space–time cluster analysis using birth addresses of 5,896 cases and 23,369 population-based, age-, sex-, and race/ethnicity-matched controls in California from 1997 to 2007, evaluating 20 types of childhood cancer and three a priori designated subgroups of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). We analyzed data using a newly designed semiparametric analysis program, ClustR, and a common algorithm, SaTScan.

Results:
We observed evidence for nonrandom space–time clustering for ALL diagnosed at 2–6 years of age in the South San Francisco Bay Area (ClustR P = 0.04, SaTScan P = 0.07), and malignant gonadal germ cell tumors in a region of Los Angeles (ClustR P = 0.03, SaTScan P = 0.06). ClustR did not identify evidence of clustering for other childhood cancers, although SaTScan suggested some clustering for Hodgkin lymphoma (P = 0.09), astrocytoma (P = 0.06), and retinoblastoma (P = 0.06).

Conclusions:
Our study provides evidence that childhood ALL diagnosed at 2–6 years and malignant gonadal germ cell tumors sporadically occurs in nonrandom space–time clusters. Further research is warranted to identify epidemiologic features that may inform the underlying etiology.
Development and Validation of a Google Street View Pedestrian Safety Audit Tool
Authors: Mooney Stephen J. , Wheeler-Martin Katherine , Fiedler Laura M. , LaBelle Celine M. , Lampe Taylor , Ratanatharathorn Andrew , Shah Nimit N. , Rundle Andrew G. , DiMaggio Charles J. 
Published: October 2019

Background:
Assessing aspects of intersections that may affect the risk of pedestrian injury is critical to developing child pedestrian injury prevention strategies, but visiting intersections to inspect them is costly and time-consuming. Several research teams have validated the use of Google Street View to conduct virtual neighborhood audits that remove the need for field teams to conduct in-person audits.

Methods:
We developed a 38-item virtual audit instrument to assess intersections for pedestrian injury risk and tested it on intersections within 700 m of 26 schools in New York City using the Computer-assisted Neighborhood Visual Assessment System (CANVAS) with Google Street View imagery.

Results:
Six trained auditors tested this instrument for inter-rater reliability on 111 randomly selected intersections and for test–retest reliability on 264 other intersections. Inter-rater kappa scores ranged from −0.01 to 0.92, with nearly half falling above 0.41, the conventional threshold for moderate agreement. Test–retest kappa scores were slightly higher than but highly correlated with inter-rater scores (Spearman rho = 0.83). Items that were highly reliable included the presence of a pedestrian signal (K = 0.92), presence of an overhead structure such as an elevated train or a highway (K = 0.81), and intersection complexity (K = 0.76).

Conclusions:
Built environment features of intersections relevant to pedestrian safety can be reliably measured using a virtual audit protocol implemented via CANVAS and Google Street View.
Pancreatic Extracts for the Treatment of Diabetes (1889–1914): Acomatol
Authors: de Leiva-Hidalgo Alberto , de Leiva-Pérez Alejandra 
Published: October 2019

Background:
Historical review on the early development of organotherapy for diabetes [pancreatic extracts (PE)] and its relationship with the social and political circumstances.

Areas of Uncertainty:
The diagnosis of diabetes relied only in the presence of glycosuria and cardinal symptoms. Blood glucose determinations were not regularly available, requiring large volumes for sampling. Micromethods for glycemia were developed just in the last years of the investigated period. Hypoglycemia remains undiscovered. Isolation and purification of PE were difficult tasks due to the unknown chemical structure of the antidiabetic hormone.

Data Sources:
(1) Berliner Medizinhistoriches Museum der Charité (Humboldt University). (2) GeDenKort Charité-Wissenschaft in Verantwortung. (3) Geheim Staatsarchiv Preuβischer Kulturbesitz. (4) Archival Collections, University of Toronto: Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library. Academy of Medicine Collection, F. G. Banting Papers, C. H. Best Papers, J. J. R. Macleod Papers. (5) National Library of Medicine: Pubmed search for the topic of history of insulin. History of Medicine-on syllabus archive. (6) Selected books: The Discovery of Insulin (M. Bliss); Diabetes, Its Medical and Cultural History (D. von Engelhardt); Brown-Séquard (M. J. Aminoff); Diabetes: The Biography (R. Tattersall); The Endocrine Organs (E. Schäfer); The Internal Secretions (E. Gley); Health, race and German politics between national unification and Nazism, 1870–1945 (P. Weindling).

Therapeutic Advances:
Demonstration that diabetes is a pancreatic disease. The outstanding progress of medical physiology led to the birth of endocrinology and the key concepts of homeostasis. Experimental scientists designed new procedures for complete pancreatectomy and elaboration of PE containing the antidiabetic principle. Organotherapy achieved complete success in the treatment of myxedema and partial success in the treatment of experimental and clinical diabetes.

Conclusions:
The organotherapy of diabetes was an obliged step to facilitate the identification of the antidiabetic hormone. Organotherapy of diabetes was a paradigm for the integration of basic and applied knowledge about hormone action and development of endocrine pharmacology.