bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Measurement of Dynamics Phenomena in Downhole Tools - Requirements, Theory and Interpretation
Authors: Hohl Andreas , Herbig Christian , Arevalo Pedro , Reckmann Hanno , Macpherson John 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Downhole tools in bottom-hole assemblies are subject to high dynamic loads during drilling operations. The negative impacts of these dynamic loads can be inefficient drilling with low rate of penetration (ROP), reduced downhole directional and formation measurement service quality, and downhole tool failures with associated non-productive time.
The dynamic phenomena can be categorized by direction into axial, torsional and lateral vibrations, and by excitation mechanism into forced excitation, self-excitation, and parameter excitation. Forced vibrations are mainly caused by imbalances in the drilling system or by the working principles of downhole tools such as the mud motor. Self-excitation mechanisms are mostly driven by the interaction of the bit, reamer or drilling system with the formation, and can cause detrimental dynamic behavior such as torsional stick-slip, bit bounce, and backward whirl.
These diverse vibration phenomena require tailored mitigation strategies. To a certain extent, these mitigation strategies are contradictory. Misinterpretation of downhole measurements can lead to even worse vibration levels with severe consequences for reliability, ROP, and measurement quality.
As a consequence, downhole measurement devices should differentiate vibration phenomena. This distinct differentiation could then be used to choose appropriate mitigation strategies.
This paper analyses and defines the requirements for dynamics measurement devices. The specification, number, and placement of sensors and their associated sampling rates are examined to distinguish vibration directions and phenomena. The usefulness of these requirements is demonstrated using examples of torsional stick-slip and high-frequency torsional oscillations, lateral vibrations, and backward whirl. The results of kinematic modeling are analyzed and compared to high-speed vibration data from field runs measured with the latest generation of vibration measurement tools. Possible misinterpretation of vibration conditions in the case of inappropriate measurements is shown. The results are discussed by comparing theoretical modeling with field data.
The defined requirements and guidelines enable a flawless interpretation of downhole vibration measurements and unveil drilling optimization opportunities. Different vibration phenomena can be identified reliably and appropriate mitigation strategies applied in real time at the wellsite by the driller or automation systems. This finally reduces the vibration load on the drilling system, increasing its reliability and performance.
Dilatancy and Pressure Dependence of Threaded Connection Performance
Authors: Mitchell R. F. , Goodman M. A. 
Published: February 2018

Summary
Connector joint strength and leak resistance depend on internal and external pressures. Axial tension or compression opens (dilates) the connector, while the pressures close the connector. This paper presents a "toy connector" model that incorporates actual connector elements, but in a simplified form useful for analysis, so equations of joint strength and leak resistance can be determined as functions of axial load and internal/external pressures. The model and example case in this paper confirm that dilatancy occurs and hydrostatic pressure plays a critical role in connector failure (leak, pull-out, or thread shear). Von Mises stress alone cannot model dilatancy and the hydrostatic effect.
Drinking and recreational water exposures among Canadians: Foodbook Study 2014–2015
Authors: Janicki Rachelle , Kate Thomas M. , Pintar Katarina , Fleury Manon , Nesbitt Andrea 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
In Canada, over 400,000 enteric diseases related to drinking water occur each year, highlighting the importance of understanding sources of Canadians’ drinking and recreational water exposures. To address this need, a population-based telephone survey of 10,942 Canadians was conducted between 2014 and 2015, assessing Canadian's drinking water sources and recreational water exposures using a seven-day recall method. Results were analyzed by province/territory, season, age group, gender, income, education, and urban/rural status. Store-bought bottled water was reported by nearly 20% of survey respondents as their primary drinking water source, while approximately 11% of respondents reported private well. The proportion of private well users was significantly greater than the national average in the Maritime Provinces where approximately 40–56% of respondents reported this as their primary drinking water source. As expected, Canadians’ recreational water activities and exposures (e.g., swimming, pool, lake, and waterpark) peaked during summer and were most commonly reported among children aged 0–9 years. Waterborne disease in Canada requires a multi-faceted public health approach. Canadian baseline data on water exposures can inform policy and public health strategies (e.g., recreational water guidelines, private well water testing recommendations) and support research and risk assessment related to mitigating waterborne illness.
Effect of water-to-cement ratio and curing method on the strength, shrinkage and slump of the biosand filter concrete body
Authors: Chan Nicole , Young-Rojanschi Candice , Li Simon 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
The biosand filter is a household-level water treatment technology used globally in low-resource settings. As of December 2016, over 900,000 biosand filters had been implemented in 60 countries around the world. Local, decentralized production is one of the main advantages of this technology, but it also creates challenges, especially in regards to quality control. Using the current recommended proportions for the biosand filter concrete mix, slump was measured at water-to-cement ratios of 0.51, 0.64 and 0.76, with two replicates for each level. Twenty-eight-day strength was tested on four replicate cylinders, each at water-to-cement ratios of 0.51, 0.59, 0.67 and 0.76. Wet curing and dry curing were compared for 28-day strength and for their effect on shrinkage. Maximum strength occurred at water-to-cement ratios of 0.51–0.59, equivalent to 8–9.3 L water for a full-scale filter assuming saturated media, corresponding to a slump class of S1 (10–40 mm). Wet curing significantly improved strength of the concrete mix and reduced shrinkage. Quality control measures such as the slump test can significantly improve the quality within decentralized production of biosand filters, despite localized differences in production conditions.
Membrane integrated process for advanced treatment of high strength Opium Alkaloid wastewaters
Authors: Insel Güçlü , Karagunduz Ahmet , Aksel Murat , Cokgor Emine , Kor-Bicakci Gokce , Ozyildiz Goksin , Toroz Ismail , Keskinler Bulent 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
In this study, an integrated aerobic membrane bioreactor (MBR)-nanofiltration (NF) system has been applied for advanced treatment of Opium processing wastewaters to comply with strict discharge limits. Aerobic MBR treatment was successfully applied to high strength industrial wastewater. In aerobic MBR treatment, a non-fouling unique slot aeration system was designed using computational fluid dynamics techniques. The MBR was used to separate treated effluent from dispersed and non-settleable biomass. Respirometric modeling using MBR sludge indicated that the biomass exhibited similar kinetic parameters to that of municipal activated sludge systems. Aerobic MBR/NF treatment reduced chemical oxygen demand (COD) from 32,000 down to 2,500 and 130 mg/L, respectively. The MBR system provided complete removal of total inorganic nitrogen; however, nearly 50 mgN/L organic nitrogen remained in the permeate. Post NF treatment after MBR permeate reduced nitrogen below 20 mgN/L, providing nearly total color removal. In addition, a 90% removal in the conductivity parameter was reached with an integrated MBR/NF system. Finally, post NF application to MBR permeate was found not to be practical at higher pH due to low flux (3–4 L/m2/hour) with low recovery rates (30–40%). As the permeate pH lowered to 5.5, 75% of NF recovery was achieved at a flux of 15 L/m2/hour.
Pesticide leaching by agricultural drainage in sloping, mid-textured soil conditions – the role of runoff components
Authors: Zajíček Antonín , Fučík Petr , Kaplická Markéta , Liška Marek , Maxová Jana , Dobiáš Jakub 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Dynamics of pesticides and their metabolites in drainage waters during baseflow periods and rainfall-runoff events (RREs) were studied from 2014 to 2016 at three small, tile-drained agricultural catchments in Bohemian-Moravian Highlands, Czech Republic. Drainage systems in this region are typically built in slopes with considerable proportion of drainage runoff originating outside the drained area itself. Continuous monitoring was performed by automated samplers, and the event hydrograph was separated using 18O and 2H isotopes and drainage water temperature. Results showed that drainage systems represent a significant source for pesticides leaching from agricultural land. Leaching of pesticide metabolites was mainly associated with baseflow and shallow interflow. Water from causal precipitation diluted their concentrations. The prerequisites for the leaching of parental compounds were a rainfall-runoff event occurring shortly after spraying, and the presence of event water in the runoff. When such situations happened consequently, pesticides concentrations in drainage water were high and the pesticide load reached several grams in a few hours. Presented results introduce new insights into the processes of pesticides movement in small, tile-drained catchments and emphasizes the need to incorporate drainage hydrology and flow-triggered sampling into monitoring programmes in larger catchments as well as in environment-conservation policy.
Advanced treatment of biologically treated coking wastewater by persulfate oxidation with magnetic activated carbon composite as a catalyst
Authors: Song Xiulan , Wang Chao , Liu Meiqin , Zhang Miao 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Advanced treatment of biologically treated coking wastewater (BTCW) using persulfate (PS) oxidation with magnetic activated carbon composite (CuFe2O4:AC w/w ratio of 1:1.5, denoted as 1.5-MACC) as a green catalyst was evaluated at ambient temperature (30 °C). Effects of PS (K2S2O8) and 1.5-MACC doses on PS decomposition and total organic carbon (TOC) removal in BTCW were also studied during 360 min. The results showed that the 1.5-MACC/PS system has a much better performance on TOC removal in BTCW than only 1.5-MACC or PS system. PS decomposition and TOC removal follow first-order kinetics in the 1.5-MACC/PS system. The optimum condition of the 1.5-MACC/PS system to treat BTCW is with a K2S2O8 dose of 4 g L−1 and 1.5-MACC dose of 5 g L−1. Under this condition, TOC in the PS oxidation effluent is 20.4 mg L−1 with a removal efficiency of 85.4%. TOC removal is a synergistic effect of adsorption and oxidation. TOC oxidation is due to the generation of ·SO4− via the activation of PS by CuFe2O4 impregnated AC. The gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis revealed that phenol compounds and esters were removed significantly by the 1.5-MACC/PS system. When 1.5-MACC was used for the fourth time in the 1.5-MACC/PS system, the removal ratio of TOC was still over 62.2% in 360 min reaction. Thus, the 1.5-MACC/PS system has a potential practical application in treatment of BTCW.
Mapping of Protein-Protein Interactions: Web-Based Resources for Revealing Interactomes
Authors: Gemovic Branislava , Sumonja Neven , Davidovic Radoslav , Perovic Vladimir , Veljkovic Nevena 
Published: February 2018

Background:
The significant number of protein-protein interactions (PPIs) discovered
by harnessing concomitant advances in the fields of sequencing, crystallography, spectrometry
and two-hybrid screening suggests astonishing prospects for remodelling drug discovery.
The PPI space which includes up to 650 000 entities is a remarkable reservoir of potential
therapeutic targets for every human disease. In order to allow modern drug discovery
programs to leverage this, we should be able to discern complete PPI maps associated with a
specific disorder and corresponding normal physiology.

Objective:
Here, we will review community available computational programs for predicting
PPIs and web-based resources for storing experimentally annotated interactions.

Methods:
We compared the capacities of prediction tools: iLoops, Struck2Net, HOMCOS,
COTH, PrePPI, InterPreTS and PRISM to predict recently discovered protein interactions.

Results:
We described sequence-based and structure-based PPI prediction tools and addressed
their peculiarities. Additionally, since the usefulness of prediction algorithms critically depends
on the quality and quantity of the experimental data they are built on; we extensively
discussed community resources for protein interactions. We focused on the active and recently
updated primary and secondary PPI databases, repositories specialized to the subject or
species, as well as databases that include both experimental and predicted PPIs.

Conclusion:
PPI complexes are the basis of important physiological processes and therefore,
possible targets for cell-penetrating ligands. Reliable computational PPI predictions can speed
up new target discoveries through prioritization of therapeutically relevant protein–protein
complexes for experimental studies.
Metal–Organic Framework (MOF)-based Nanomaterials for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Luo Zhidong , Fan Shuran , Gu Chuying , Liu Weicong , Chen Jinxiang , Li Baohong , Liu Jianqiang 
Published: February 2018

Background:
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), as a new class of porous organic-inorganic
crystalline hybrid materials that governed by the self-assembled of metal atoms and organic struts have
attracted tremendous attention because of their special properties. Recently, some more documents have
reported different types of nanoscale metal-organic frameworks (NMOFs) as biodegradable and physiological
pH-responsive systems for photothermal therapy and radiation therapy in the body.

Discussion:
n this review paper aims at describing the benefits of using MOF nanoparticles in the field of
biomedicine, and putting into perspective their properties in the context of the ones of other NPs. The first
section briefly reviews the biomaterial scaffolds of MOFs. The second section presents the main types of
stimuli-responsive mechanisms and strategies from two categories: intrinsic (pH, redox state) and extrinsic
(temperature, light irradiation and magnetic field) ones. The combinations of photothermal therapy and
radiation therapy have been concluded in detail. Finally, clinical applications of MOFs, future challenges
and perspectives are also mentioned.

Conclusion:
This review outlines the most recent advances MOFs design and biomedical applications,
from different synthesis to their use as smart drug delivery systems, bioimaging technology or a combination
of both.
Mechanisms Involved in Glycemic Control Promoted by Exercise in Diabetics
Authors: Andrade Eric Francelino , de Oliveira Silva Víviam , Orlando Débora Ribeiro , Pereira Luciano José 
Published: February 2018

Introduction:
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by high glycemic
levels for long periods. This disease has a high prevalence in the world population, being currently observed
an increase in its incidence. This fact is mainly due to the sedentary lifestyle and hypercaloric
diets. Non-pharmacological interventions for glycemic control include exercise, which promotes
changes in skeletal muscle and adipocytes. Thus, increased glucose uptake by skeletal muscle and decreased
insulin resistance through modulating adipocytes are the main factors that improve glycemic
control against diabetes.

Conclusion:
It was sought to elucidate mechanisms involved in the improvement of glycemic control
in diabetics in front of the exercise.
Risk of Cardiovascular Disease and Death in Individuals With Prediabetes Defined by Different Criteria: The Whitehall II Study
Authors: Vistisen Dorte , Witte Daniel R. , Brunner Eric J. , Kivimäki Mika , Tabák Adam , Jørgensen Marit E. , Færch Kristine 
Published: February 2018

OBJECTIVE
We compared the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality in subgroups of prediabetes defined by fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2-h plasma glucose (2hPG), or HbA1c.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
In the Whitehall II cohort, 5,427 participants aged 50–79 years and without diabetes were followed for a median of 11.5 years. A total of 628 (11.6%) had prediabetes by the World Health Organization (WHO)/International Expert Committee (IEC) criteria (FPG 6.1–6.9 mmol/L and/or HbA1c 6.0–6.4%), and 1,996 (36.8%) by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) criteria (FPG 5.6–6.9 mmol/L and/or HbA1c 5.7–6.4%). In a subset of 4,730 individuals with additional measures of 2hPG, 663 (14.0%) had prediabetes by 2hPG. Incidence rates of a major event (nonfatal/fatal CVD or all-cause mortality) were compared for different definitions of prediabetes, with adjustment for relevant confounders.

RESULTS
Compared with that for normoglycemia, incidence rate in the context of prediabetes was 54% higher with the WHO/IEC definition and 37% higher with the ADA definition (P &lt; 0.001) but declining to 17% and 12% after confounder adjustment (P ≥ 0.111). Prediabetes by HbA1c was associated with a doubling in incidence rate for both the IEC and ADA criteria. However, upon adjustment, excess risk was reduced to 13% and 17% (P ≥ 0.055), respectively. Prediabetes by FPG or 2hPG was not associated with an excess risk in the adjusted analysis.

CONCLUSIONS
Prediabetes defined by HbA1c was associated with a worse prognosis than prediabetes defined by FPG or 2hPG. However, the excess risk among individuals with prediabetes is mainly explained by the clustering of other cardiometabolic risk factors associated with hyperglycemia.
Riesgo suicida en mujeres en situación de privación de libertad
Authors: Vargas Valentina , Arrom Suhurt Cristina , Cuellar Miguel , Fresco María Del Pilar , Arrom Suhurt Carmen Marina , Arrom María Auxiliadora 
Published: February 2018

El suicidio es un problema grave de salud pública con factores que aumentan el riesgo. Esta conducta abarca un amplio espectro, desde la ideación suicida, preparación de un plan, obtención de los medios para llevarlo a cabo, hasta la posible consumación del acto. En la actualidad el suicidio aqueja a gran parte de la población mundial, aproximadamente un millón de personas mueren cada año en el mundo por suicidio. En promedio se suicidan a diario tres mil personas y, por cada una, veinte lo intentan. En todos los países el factor de encarcelamiento multiplica la tasa de suicidio señala un estudio realizado en Cataluña, constituyendo una causa común de muerte en prisión. Esto se debe a que la privación de la libertad impacta de manera significativa en las personas que se encuentran en esta condición. Influye en el proyecto de vida del interno, afecta su salud mental, como estigma, cambio de modus vivendi, lo separa de familiares y otras fuentes de apoyo social. Se suman a estos factores las condiciones de la mayoría de los sistemas carcelarios deficientes, que violan los derechos humanos de los presidiarios por el hacinamiento, atención deficitaria a la salud, personal de guardia inadecuado, mezcla de la población carcelaria, entre otras En Paraguay ha habido un aumento en la tasa de suicidios en los últimos 5 años, siendo de 5,64 por cada 100.000 habitantes en el 2009 y de 6,81 en el 2014. La edad es otro factor de riesgo asociado, señala otro estudio, donde a nivel país se dieron más frecuentemente los suicidios en el rango de entre 18 a 29 años de edad.
Clasificación de consumo de bienes y servicios de índole cultural a través de características socioeconómicas y demográficas de la población paraguaya
Authors: Olmedo Barchello Selva 
Published: February 2018

El consumo de bienes de índole cultural se basa en aspectos que van mucho más allá de lo monetario y son explicados dentro del estudio de la antropología, la sociología y la psicología. Los productos culturales son aquellos que poseen valores de uso y de cambio, contribuyendo a la reproducción de la sociedad y a veces a la expansión del capital, cuyos valores simbólicos prevalecen sobre los utilitarios y mercantiles.Los bienes y servicios culturales, producto de las industrias culturales se reflejan en las artes, las ilustraciones, los desempeños musicales, la literatura, las películas, incluso los programas de televisión, los videojuegos y el turismo cultural. Estas industrias combinan la creación, producción y comercialización de contenidos que son abstractos y de índole cultural. Estudiar al consumo cultural se refiere más a un análisis de cómo el individuo se relaciona con la producción simbólica, entendiendo al consumo cultural como “la apropiación de bienes y servicios simbólicos y creativos”. El consumo de los bienes y servicios culturales en la economía de mercado desempeña un papel fundamental al coordinar los esfuerzos de los agentes económicos, cuyas características se ven vinculadas al poder adquisitivo, instrucción, formación o grupo social. Es necesario que exista una dotación inicial de capital humano suficiente para que el consumo de un bien cultural permita producir una experiencia de apreciación cultural, la cual sirva para satisfacer las necesidades del individuo. De esta manera está reflejado el significado de valor cultural donde el valor subsiste en ciertas propiedades de fenómenos culturales como indicación del mérito o importancia de una obra, un objeto, una experiencia o cualquier otro elemento cultural.Los beneficios de un estudio de consumo cultural, indican no solo tener una visión del comportamiento individual sino del país, siendo un instrumento importante a la hora de la toma de decisiones políticas y empresariales.
Influencia de la gestión del supervisor en el mejoramiento de las instituciones de educación escolar básica, de cuatro zonas del Departamento Central. Periodo 2008-2010
Authors: Samaniego Elvira Virginia 
Published: February 2018

Las últimas reformas educativas en América Latina no han tenido el resultado esperado a pesar de haber sido tratadas desde aspectos diferenciados y en varios momentos de la historia de las últimas décadas del siglo XX. Lo que pasa realmente en las aulas no ha cambiado mucho desde décadas atrás y este estancamiento tiene que ver con mecanismos de control y motivación en los procesos modernos de supervisión a los centros. Un estamento educativo como la supervisión de escuelas y colegios, es una herramienta esencial para llegar al docente y estrechar lo más posible, la distancia entre política educativa y la ejecución del currículum en el aula. Exige constancia, perseverancia, dedicación, competencia y entusiasmo para lograr sus metas. Pero no es suficiente un planificado sistema de control, las prácticas educativas rara vez tienen éxito sin un buen liderazgo, tanto a nivel de sistemas como a nivel de cada institución educativa. El liderazgo debe ser sostenido, comprometido y talentoso. ¿Cómo sortear las innumerables dificultades que se presentan a diario en las supervisiones educativas? Muchas veces se acude al supervisor como a una persona de confianza a quien se le presenta un problema con la intención de recibir una respuesta acertada. El supervisor debe estar preparado con múltiples herramientas de gestión, para el asesoramiento, motivación y control. La problemática que se presenta tiene dos aristas: por un lado, el estilo de gestión del supervisor y por otro lado, si ese estilo tiene influencia sobre los cambios para mejora de las instituciones educativas de la zona.