bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The histamine H3R antagonist DL77 attenuates autistic behaviors in a prenatal valproic acid-induced mouse model of autism
Authors: Eissa Nermin , Jayaprakash Petrilla , Azimullah Sheikh , Ojha Shreesh K. , Al-Houqani Mohammed , Jalal Fakhreya Y. , Łażewska Dorota , Kieć-Kononowicz Katarzyna , Sadek Bassem 
Published: August 2018

AbstractAutistic spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impairment in social communication and restricted/repetitive behavior patterns or interests. Antagonists targeting histamine H3 receptor (H3R) are considered potential therapeutic agents for the therapeutic management of different brain disorders, e.g., cognitive impairments. Therefore, the effects of subchronic treatment with the potent and selective H3R antagonist DL77 (5, 10, or 15 mg/kg, i.p.) on sociability, social novelty, anxiety, and aggressive/repetitive behavior in male Tuck-Ordinary (TO) mice with ASD-like behaviors induced by prenatal exposure to valproic acid (VPA, 500 mg/kg, i.p.) were evaluated using the three-chamber test (TCT), marble burying test (MBT), nestlet shredding test (NST), and elevated plus maze (EPM) test. The results showed that VPA-exposed mice exhibited significantly lower sociability and social novelty preference compared to VPA-exposed mice that were pretreated with DL77 (10 or 15 mg/kg, i.p.). VPA-exposed mice presented a significantly higher percentage of buried marbles in MBT and shredded nestlet significantly more in NST compared to the control groups. However, VPA-exposed animals pretreated with DL77 (10 or 15 mg/kg, i.p.) buried a reduced percentage of marbles in MBT and presented a significantly lower percentage of shredding behavior in NST. On the other hand, pretreatment with DL77 (5, 10, or 15 mg/kg, i.p.) failed to restore the disturbed anxiety levels and hyperactivity observed in VPA-exposed animals in EPM, whereas the reference drug donepezil (DOZ, 1 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly palliated the anxiety and reduced the hyperactivity measures of VPA-exposed mice. Furthermore, pretreatment with DL77 (10 or 15 mg/kg, i.p.) modulated oxidative stress status by increasing GSH and decreasing MDA, and it attenuated the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α exacerbated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge, in VPA-exposed mouse brain tissue. Taken together, these results provide evidence that modulation of brain histaminergic neurotransmission, such as by subchronic administration of the H3R antagonist DL77, may serve as an effective pharmacological therapeutic target to rescue ASD-like behaviors in VPA-exposed animals, although further investigations are necessary to corroborate and expand these initial data.
Reproductive factors and molecular subtypes of breast cancer among premenopausal women in Latin America: the PRECAMA study
Authors: Romieu Isabelle , Biessy Carine , Carayol Marion , His Mathilde , Torres-Mejía Gabriela , Ángeles-Llerenas Angélica , Sánchez Gloria Inés , Jaramillo Roberto , Navarro Edgar , Porras Carolina , Ocampo Rebecca , Rodriguez Ana Cecilia , Garmendia Maria Luisa , Bustamante Eva , Olivier Magali , Porter Peggy , Rinaldi Sabina ,   On behalf of the PRECAMA team, Tejeda Jenny , Gaete Fancy , Soto Jose , Angel Gonzalo Alberto , Ossa Carlos Andres , Arias William H. , Bedoya Gabriel , Borrero Mauricio , Cock-Rada Alicia , Díaz-Yunez Israel , Echeverri Carolina , Herazo Fernando , Hernández Angel , Cortes Yorlany Rodas , Cortes Bernal , Gonzalez Paula , Guillen Diego 
Published: August 2018

AbstractEtiological differences among breast cancer (BC) subtypes have not been clearly established, especially among young women in Latin America. This study examined the relationship between reproductive factors and BC subtypes among 288 BC cases (20–45 years) and population-based matched controls in four Latin American countries. Immunohistochemistry was determined centrally. Associations between BC and reproductive factors were determined. Older age at first full-term pregnancy (FFTP) (Odds Ratio (OR) = 1.11; 95% Confidence Interval (CI), 1.04–1.19 per year), longer time between menarche and FFTP (OR = 1.12; 95%CI: 1.04–1.20 per year), and older age at last pregnancy (OR = 1.10; 95%CI, 1.02–1.19 per year) were associated with an increased risk of estrogen receptor positive (ER+) tumors (n = 122). Ever pregnant (OR = 0.35; 95%CI, 0.13–0.96), number of childbirths (OR = 0.64; 95%CI, 0.47–0.87 per child), time since last birth (OR = 0.92; 95%CI, 0.85–0.99 per year), and history of breastfeeding (OR = 0.23; 95%CI, 0.09–0.58) were inversely associated with the risk of ER+ tumor. Older age at menarche (OR = 0.63; 95%CI, 0.45–0.89 per year) and longer duration of breastfeeding (OR = 0.97; 95%CI, 0.94–1.01 per month) were inversely associated with estrogen receptor negative (ER-) tumors (n = 48). Reproductive factors may be differentially associated with BC subtypes in young Latin American women.
Structural, electrical and magnetic properties of Nd – A – CoO3 (A = Sr, Ca) Perovskite Powders by Mechanical Alloying
Authors: Kursun Celal , Gogebakan Musa , Uludag Esra , Bozgeyik Mehmet S. , Uludag Fatih Samil 
Published: August 2018

AbstractIn this work, NdCoO3 (NCO), Nd0.8Sr0.2CoO3 (NSCO) and Nd0.9Ca0.1CoO3 (NCCO) perovskite cobaltites were synthesised by mechanical alloying method. Structural evolutions, magnetic and electrical properties of these perovskite were systematically examined through X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray detection (SEM-EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), vibration sample magnetometer (VSM) and impedance analyser (IA). The XRD and SEM results revealed that the microstructure of the perovskite materials changed during mechanical alloying. The average crystallite size of the perovskite materials was calculated by Debye Scherrer equation and was confirmed by TEM, and it was determined ~19 nm. From the VSM results, the all perovskites had soft ferromagnetic properties. IA measurements showed that relatively dielectric constants of the perovskites decreased with increasing frequency. Therefore, for the first time, nanostructured NCO, NSCO and NCCO perovskites exhibiting good properties were produced in only two steps which are milling and heating.
Elucidating the transactivation domain of the pleiotropic transcription factor Myrf
Authors: Choi Jin-ok , Fan Chuandong , Kim Dongkyeong , Sharif Mohamed , An Hongjoo , Park Yungki 
Published: August 2018

AbstractMyrf is a newly discovered membrane-bound transcription factor that plays an essential role in as diverse organisms as human, worm, and slime mold. Myrf is generated as a type-II membrane protein in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). It forms homo-oligomers to undergo auto-cleavage that releases Myrf N-terminal fragment from the ER membrane as a homo-trimer. The homo-trimer of Myrf N-terminal fragments enters the nucleus and binds the Myrf motif to activate transcription. Despite its prominent role as a transcriptional activator, little is known about the transactivation domain of Myrf. Here, we report that the N-terminal-most (NTM) domain of Myrf is required for transcriptional activity and, when fused to a Gal4 fragment, enables it to activate transcription. The transactivation function of the NTM domain did not require homo-trimerization. We also discovered that the NTM domain can be sumoylated at three lysine residues (K123, K208, and K276), with K276 serving as the main acceptor. K276 sumoylation repressed the transactivation function of the NTM domain without affecting the stability or nuclear localization of Myrf N-terminal fragment. In sum, this study identifies the NTM domain as the transactivation domain of Myrf and the potential regulatory impact of its K276 sumoylation.
Nomogram based on albumin and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio for predicting the prognosis of patients with oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Kao Huang-Kai , Löfstrand Jonas , Loh Charles Yuen-Yung , Lao William Wei-Kai , Yi Jui-Shan , Chang Yu-Liang , Chang Kai-Ping 
Published: August 2018

AbstractIncreasing evidence indicates that inflammation plays a crucial role in cancer development. A novel scoring system based on albumin and the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) was developed and incorporated into a nomogram to create a more accurate prognostic tool for oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients. A retrospective review was performed on 613 consecutive patients undergoing ablative surgery for OSCC between September 2005 and December 2014. NLR and albumin were determined and used to calculate an albumin/NLR score (ANS). The nomogram was based on the ANS and several clinicopathological manifestations, and its accuracy was determined by the concordance index (c-index). A high ANS was significantly associated with aggressive tumor behaviors, such as T status, overall stage, extranodal extension, perineural invasion, tumor depth, and decreased overall survival (OS). Multivariate analysis indicated that age, overall stage, extranodal extension, and ANS were independent factors for OS. The c-index for OS prognosis was 0.750 using this nomogram compared to 0.688 using TNM staging alone. The prognostic accuracy for OS in OSCC patients can be significantly improved using a nomogram that incorporates the novel ANS and other clinicopathological variables.
General Anesthesia with the Use of SUPREME Laryngeal Mask Airway for Emergency Cesarean delivery: A Retrospective Analysis of 1039 Parturients
Authors: Fang Xiaobin , Xiao Quansheng , Xie Qianling , Liao Ren , Zhu Tao , Li Shiyang , Bo Zhenyan 
Published: August 2018

AbstractIn comparison to elective cesarean delivery, emergency cesarean delivery under endotracheal intubation is associated with higher risk of life-threatening airway problems. In this retrospective study, we evaluate the efficacy and feasibility of using SUPREME laryngeal mask airway (SLMA) in emergency cesarean delivery under general anesthesia (GA). The study included a total of 1039 paturients undergoing emergency cesarean delivery under GA with SLMA from January 2015 to December 2015 at Quanzhou Children’s and Women’s Hospital. Outcome measures included incidence of the adverse events related to using SLMA, maternal mortality, and neonatal outcomes. Briefly, no aspiration or regurgitation was noticed; the first attempt was successful in all but 2 subjects, both because of incorrect location, one was detected by decreasing oxygenation and the other by high airway pressure, the second attempt was successful in both cases. No subject was switched to endotracheal intubation. No laryngospasm or bronchospasm was detected. No maternal death occurred. There were 1139 neonates (including 944 single birth, 92 twins, 3 triplets) in this study, 5-min Apgar score was 7–10 in 1092 (96.72%) neonates. Thirty-seven (3.28%) neonates received endotracheal intubation. In conclusion, this retrospective study showed that the SLMA was used successfully in 1039 patients undergoing emergent cesarean delivery without any major complications. Vigilant attention by attending anesthesiologists is warranted.
In silico identification and characterization of sensory motifs in the transcriptional regulators of the ArsR-SmtB family
Authors: Roy Rima , Samanta Saikat , Patra Surajit , Mahato Nav Kumar , Saha Rudra P 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The ArsR-SmtB family of proteins displays the greatest diversity among the bacterial metal-binding transcriptional regulators with regard to the variety of metal ions that they can sense. In the presence of increased levels of toxic heavy metals, these proteins dissociate from their cognate DNA upon the direct binding of metal ions to the appropriate sites, designated motifs on the proteins, either at the interface of the dimers or at the intra-subunit locations. In addition to the metal-mediated regulation, some proteins were also found to control transcription via redox reactions. In the present work, we have identified several new sequence motifs and expanded the knowledge base of metal binding sites in the ArsR-SmtB family of transcriptional repressors, and characterized them in terms of the ligands to the metal, distribution among different phyla of bacteria and archaea, amino acid propensities, protein length distributions and evolutionary interrelationships. We built structural models of the motifs to show the importance of specific residues in an individual motif. The wide abundance of these motifs in sequences of bacteria and archaea indicates the importance of these regulators in combating metal-toxicity within and outside of the hosts. We also show that by using residue composition, one can distinguish the ArsR-SmtB proteins from other metalloregulatory families. In addition, we show the importance of horizontal gene transfer in microorganisms, residing in similar habitats, on the evolution of the structural motifs in the family. Knowledge of the diverse metalloregulatory systems in microorganisms could enable us to manipulate specific genes that may result in a toxic metal-free environment.
An operational solar wind prediction system transitioning fundamental science to operations
Authors: Wang Jingjing , Ao Xianzhi , Wang Yuming , Wang Chuanbing , Cai Yanxia , Luo Bingxian , Liu Siqing , Shen Chenglong , Zhuang Bin , Xue Xianghui , Gong Jiancun 
Published: August 2018

We present in this paper an operational solar wind prediction system. The system is an outcome of the collaborative efforts between scientists in research communities and forecasters at Space Environment Prediction Center (SEPC) in China. This system is mainly composed of three modules: (1) a photospheric magnetic field extrapolation module, along with the Wang-Sheeley-Arge (WSA) empirical method, to obtain the background solar wind speed and the magnetic field strength on the source surface; (2) a modified Hakamada-Akasofu-Fry (HAF) kinematic module for simulating the propagation of solar wind structures in the interplanetary space; and (3) a coronal mass ejection (CME) detection module, which derives CME parameters using the ice-cream cone model based on coronagraph images. By bridging the gap between fundamental science and operational requirements, our system is finally capable of predicting solar wind conditions near Earth, especially the arrival times of the co-rotating interaction regions (CIRs) and CMEs. Our test against historical solar wind data from 2007 to 2016 shows that the hit rate (HR) of the high-speed enhancements (HSEs) is 0.60 and the false alarm rate (FAR) is 0.30. The mean error (ME) and the mean absolute error (MAE) of the maximum speed for the same period are −73.9 km s−1 and 101.2 km s−1, respectively. Meanwhile, the ME and MAE of the arrival time of the maximum speed are 0.15 days and 1.27 days, respectively. There are 25 CMEs simulated and the MAE of the arrival time is 18.0 h.
Moderne Antidiabetika in der Kardiologie
Authors: Schneider Christian , Pfister Roman 
Published: August 2018

ZusammenfassungDiabetes mellitus Typ 2 verkürzt die Lebenserwartung von Betroffenen in Abhängigkeit des Ausmaßes kardiovaskulärer Begleiterkrankungen um bis zu 22 Jahre. Ziel einer Therapie muss daher die Verbesserung der Prognose sein. Neue Medikamente könnten dafür vorteilhaft sein. Zu den neuen blutzuckersenkenden Medikamenten zählen GLP-1-Rezeptoragonisten, DPP-4-Inhibitoren und SGLT-2-Inhibitoren. GLP1-Rezeptoragonisten führen zu einer starken Blutzuckersenkung, sind jedoch häufig mit gastrointestinalen Symptomen assoziiert. DPP-4-Inhibitoren und SGLT-2-Inhibitoren führen zu einer moderaten Blutzuckersenkung und sind in der Regel gut verträglich. Unter den modernen blutzuckersenkenden Medikamenten sind Empagliflozin und Liraglutid die einzigen Medikamente, die das kardiovaskuläre Risiko und die Gesamtsterblichkeit bei Patienten mit kardiovaskulären Vorerkrankungen signifikant reduzieren. Für andere Substanzen ist dies bislang in prospektiv randomisierten Studien nicht belegt. Diese sollten daher in der Behandlung von Hochrisiko-Patienten bevorzugt werden.
Assoziation zwischen Geburtsverletzungen und der Einführung geburtshilflicher Observationsmaßnahmen: eine retrospektive Kohortenstudie
Authors: Birri Jana , Kreft Martina , Zimmermann Roland , Kimmich Nina 
Published: August 2018

Zusammenfassung
Einführung Ein Großteil aller Geburten geht mit irgendeiner Form von Geburtsverletzung einher. Dies kann enorme physische wie auch psychische Auswirkungen auf die betroffenen Frauen haben. Die Bemühungen von Geburtshelfern und Hebammen zielen daher darauf ab, Geburtsverletzungen weitestgehend zu reduzieren. Hierzu haben wir die Assoziation zwischen der Einführung verschiedener geburtshilflicher Observationsmaßnahmen in der Gebärabteilung und der Inzidenz und Lokalisation der verschiedenen Arten von Geburtsverletzungen untersucht.
Material und Methode In einer retrospektiven Datenanalyse evaluierten wir nullipare und multipare Frauen mit Einlingsschwangerschaften in Schädellage, die in unserem Universitätsspital zwischen Oktober 2014 und September 2015 vaginal ein Kind zur Welt brachten. Wir untersuchten 3 unterschiedliche Zeitintervalle zu je 4 Monaten (T1=4 Monate vor Einführung der Observationsmaßnahmen, T2=0–4 Monate danach und T3=5–8 Monate danach). Zielparameter waren die Inzidenz und Verteilung der verschiedenen Typen der Geburtsverletzungen während der 3 unterschiedlichen Zeiträume.
Resultate Die Inzidenz aller Arten von Geburtsverletzungen sank nicht signifikant von 95,52% bei Nulliparen und 68,53% bei Multiparen während T1 auf 89,92% und 62,27% während T3, v. a. in Form eines Rückgangs an perinealen und vulvären/labialen Verletzungen hin zu einem Anstieg an vaginalen Verletzungen. Die Rate an Episiotomien und höhergradigen Dammrissen blieb zwischen den Zeitintervallen hierbei jedoch stabil (Nullipare 33 und 3%, Multipare 10 und 0,4%)
Schlussfolgerung Die Inzidenz von Geburtsverletzungen ist gesamthaft hoch, wobei Verletzungen hauptsächlich in Form von Dammrissen ersten und zweiten Grades sowie als Vaginal- und Labienrisse auftreten. Die Einführung verschiedener geburtshilflicher Observationsmaßnahmen in der Gebärabteilung ist mit einer Veränderung in der Inzidenz von Geburtsverletzungen und mit einer Verlagerung derselben von extern nach intern vergesellschaftet, wahrscheinlich bedingt durch ein bedachteres Handeln des geburtshilflichen Personals. Die Einführung solcher Observationsmaßnahmen könnte daher eine Verbesserung geburtshilflichen Handelns bringen, wovon Frauen unter der Geburt profitieren könnten. Nichts desto trotz darf der alleinige Effekt, den eine Beobachtung und Überwachung während des Verlaufs von Observationsstudien bringt, nicht außer Acht gelassen werden.
Prothrombin Time Standardization Report of the Expert Panel on Oral Anticoagulant Control: A Minority Opinion
Authors: Miale John B 
Published: August 2018

SummaryThe ICTH/ICSH collaborative study failed to achieve its aims because each combination of plasma, thromboplastin and method was tested by too few laboratories in relation to intra and inter laboratory variation, and because the stability of the reference thromboplastin 70/178 is suspect. The evidence of the study does not support the superiority of reference thromboplastins over reference plasmas, but the concept of reference plasma was not adequately explored.
Interaction of Bovine Platelets with Bovine Glomerular Basement Membrane
Authors: Davis J Laurence , Chandler Donna K F , Riquetti Patrick , Rogers Stearns , Kocan Katherine M , Ownby Charlotte L , Hudson Billy G , Carraway Kermit L 
Published: August 2018

SummaryThe interaction of bovine platelets with bovine glomerular basement membrane has been studied by aggregometry, transmission and scanning electron microscopy and measurement of [3H] serotonin release. In the absence of added calcium platelets adhere to basement membrane but fail to undergo the release reaction or aggregation. In the presence of 0.2-0.5 mM calcium release of serotonin and complete aggregation of the platelets are observed when sufficient basement membrane is present. Platelets were strongly adhered to the basement membrane surface, the platelet surface in the aggregates closely following the surface of the basement membrane. Platelet morphology in aggregates with basement membrane closely resembled that of platelets from collagen-induced aggregates. Basement membrane differed from collagen in its requirement for calcium for the aggregation and release reactions. In addition purified basement membrane was 1.5-3 fold less active on a weight basis than bovine tendon collagen in promoting aggregation.
The Influence of Thrombin on the Platelet-Aggregating Activity of Human Factor VIII. A Study with Insolubilized Thrombin
Authors: Vukovich Th , Koller E , Doleschel W 
Published: August 2018

SummaryA study was made of the influence of thrombin on the platelet-aggregating activity of human factor VIII with Ristocetin as cofactor. Purified factor VIII and different amounts of a thrombin-Sepharose 2B complex were mixed and incubated for various periods of time. The factor VIII-related platelet-aggregating activities of the filtrates of the incubation mixtures were determined in a test system using formalin-fixed platelets and Ristocetin as cofactor. The results so obtained indicate that thrombin inactivates the platelet-aggregating activity of factor VIII. The filtrates of the incubation mixtures were also tested by a two- stage test system for their clotting activities. Comparison of the influence of thrombin on the clotting- and the platelet-aggregating activities of factor VIII is presented and discussed.
What Are the Options for the Treatment of Stuttering in Preschool Children?
Authors: Santayana Gissella , Shenker Rosalee 
Published: August 2018

AbstractTreatment of stuttering during the preschool years is considered to be the best prevention of persistent chronic stuttering; however, many clinicians do not feel comfortable treating stuttering and may be confused about choosing an intervention. This article summarizes the history of direct and indirect methodology for treatment of stuttering in preschool children. It provides an update of contemporary treatments and discusses issues related to the timing of treatment. Guidelines for choosing a level of treatment based on the risk of a preschool child continuing to stutter are discussed, with examples of which children would be most appropriate for which level of intervention.
What Can Stutterers Learn from the Neurodiversity Movement?
Authors: Constantino Christopher 
Published: August 2018

AbstractNeurodiversity is both an empowerment movement and a way of thinking about disability. Rather than focusing on pathology and impairment, neurodiversity emphasizes natural variation and the unique skills, experiences, and traits of neurodivergent individuals. People who stutter are beginning to work with and derive value from these concepts. In this article, we look at the history of neurodiversity and its key ideas. We discuss the conventional view of disability, the medical model, which situates disability within the individual as pathology. We also take up social and relation models of disability, which situate disability in social oppression or mismatches between individuals and their environment. Neurodiversity has not been without controversy. We look at some of the disagreements surrounding issues of intervention and cure. The ideas of neurodiversity are applied to stuttering, and a case example illustrating therapy using these ideas is given. We conclude that therapy should focus on subject's well-being and not normalization of superficial behaviors.