bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and risk factors of cognitive frailty in patients with cardiovascular disease: A hospital-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Guo Jinhua , Zhang Yi , Yang Yi , Lin lixia , Shen Tiemei 
Published: December 2024

The prevalence of the cognitive frailty is increasing in China. Screening for this condition is crucial for its early detection, prevention, and treatment. This study was designed to explore the incidence of cognitive frailty among hospitalized elderly patients suffering from cardiovascular disease. It also aimed to analyze the factors influencing its occurrence, thereby providing substantial evidence for the development of early prevention and intervention strategies.
From March 2022 to October 2023, under cardiovascular care program, the cardiovascular patients (n = 1190) were subjected to standardized questionnaires to collect demographical characteristics. Also, nutritional and psychosocial assessments tests were performed for the enrolled patients. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate factors associated with cognitive frailty.
A total of 1190 (755 males and 435 females) were included. The mean age was 73.36 ± 7.37 years. The prevalence of cognitive frailty in the study population was 33.9% (404/1190). The prevalence of cognitive frailty was 40.7% in men, 22.3% in women. In terms of specific cardiovascular diseases, the prevalence of cognitive frailty was 28.5% in coronary heart disease, 20.5% in arrhythmia, 36.8% in valvular disease, 53% in heart failure, and 13.7% in hypertension. The multivariable analysis showed that age (OR = 1.13, 95% CI: 1.10–1.15, P < .001), anxiety (OR = 1.01, 95% CI: 1.03–1.11, P = .001), female sex (OR = 1.83, 95% CI: 1.10–1.16, P < .001), education level (college and above, OR = 0.27, OR = 0.12–0.64, P = .003), polypharmacy (OR = 2.29, 95% CI: 1.62–3.23, P < .001), comorbidity (OR = 1.93 95% CI: 1.37–2.71, P < .010), region (rural, OR = 1.77, 95% CI: 1.36–2.30, P < .001), sarcopenia (OR = 1.60, 95% CI: 1.16–2.19, P = .004), and nutritional status (risk of malnutrition, OR = 1.66, 95% CI: 1.17–2.35, P = .004; malnutrition exists, OR = 3.24, 95% CI: 1.85–5.83, P < .001) were independently associated with cognitive frailty.
The prevalence of cognitive frailty was 33.9% in hospitalized elderly cardiovascular patients in Guangzhou. heart failure, hypertension, age, anxiety, female sex, education level, polypharmacy, comorbidity, region, sarcopenia, and nutritional status were independent risk factors for cognitive frailty.
Efficacy of Jiangzhi Mai’an Granules in the treatment of stable angina pectoris with phlegm and blood stasis obstruction and carotid artery plaque: A prospective randomized study
Authors: Fan Jianhua , Yu Chang , Tang Huan , Zhang Zhuang , Wu Qiong , Lu Licheng , Xu Cun , Xia Zhaochen , Xu Haixiang , Wen Jiasheng , Pan Wen 
Published: December 2024

Background:
Stable angina pectoris, resulting from coronary artery atherosclerosis, significantly affects quality of life and carries a high risk of cardiovascular events. Despite modern therapies, managing this condition remains challenging. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) views it as a syndrome of heart meridian obstruction by phlegm and blood stasis, necessitating improved circulation and phlegm resolution. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of Jiangzhi Mai’an Granules, a TCM formulation, in treating stable angina pectoris and carotid atherosclerosis, with the goal of integrating TCM with Western medicine to enhance clinical outcomes and patients’ quality of life.

Methods:
A total of 120 patients diagnosed with stable angina pectoris and carotid atherosclerotic plaques of the phlegm and blood stasis types were randomly divided into 2 groups. The control group (n = 60) received standard Western medical treatment, whereas the treated group (n = 60) received JZMA in addition to the standard regimen. The treatment duration in both the groups was 3 months. The outcomes measured included carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), carotid plaque dimensions, TCM syndrome scores, and serum lipid profiles (total cholesterol [TC], triglycerides [TG], low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C], high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C], apolipoprotein B [Apo B], and non-HDL-C) and lipoprotein phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) levels before and after treatment.

Results:
The treated group achieved a total efficacy rate of 93.3% (56/60), which surpassed the control group rate of 78.3% (47/60). The CIMT, carotid plaque thickness, and area in the treated group were significantly reduced posttreatment compared to baseline (P < .05) and were also lower than those in the control group (P < .05). Serum lipid levels, including TC, TG, LDL-C, ApoB and non-HDL-C were significantly decreased in both groups posttreatment (P < .05), and the treated group showed a further increase in HDL-C levels (P < .05). The treated group exhibited lower serum lipid levels than the control group posttreatment (P < .05). The TCM syndrome scores improved significantly in both groups after treatment (P < .05), with the treated group demonstrating a more pronounced reduction in scores than the control group (P < .05). The incidence of adverse events did not differ significantly between the 2 groups.

Conclusions:
JZMA combined with standard treatment effectively reduced CIMT, plaque size, and serum lipid levels, thereby enhancing clinical outcomes in patients with stable angina and carotid atherosclerosis.
Visualization and analysis of PM2.5 health effects, 2013 to 2023: Bibliometrics of PM2.5 and health effects
Authors: Huang Feifei , Zhou Lin , Lu Yao , Liao Ruiwei , Li Yan , Li Ming 
Published: December 2024

Background:
To analyze the current status, hotspots, and cutting-edge trends of PM2.5 health effects of PM2.5, using CiteSpace.

Methods:
The Web of Science Core Collection Science Citation Index Expanded was searched for relevant articles from January 1, 2013, to December 31, 2023. Network maps identifying authors, institutions, countries, keywords, co-cited authors, journals, references, and research trends were then created using CiteSpace.

Results:
A total of 2174 articles on the health effects of PM2.5 were identified between 2013 and 2023, with an increasing trend in annual publications. The United States had the highest number of articles on this topic, followed by China. The Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) is the leading institute in terms of paper production. Hoek was the most prolific author, focusing on the health consequences of air pollution. Among referenced journals, ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP ranked first, while Pope Ca was the most cited author. Current research focuses on reactive oxygen species (ROS), inflammation, oxidative stress, cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, PM2.5 sources, and chemical composition. The field is currently experiencing a phase of rapid expansion.

Conclusion:
The findings of this bibliometric analysis offer insight into the status and direction of research on PM2.5 and its health impacts, which aid scientists in coming up with new directions for their investigation.
The therapeutic effects of Paeoniae Radix Rubra on chronic hepatitis through network pharmacology and molecular docking
Authors: Yu Chunlei , Yang Fan , Zou Yu , Zhang Yingbo , Pan Siwen 
Published: December 2024

Backgrounds:
Chronic hepatitis (CH) refers to liver inflammation lasting at least 6 months caused by various factors, significantly impacting patients’ daily lives. Paeoniae Radix Rubra (CS) is a classic blood-activating and stasis-dissolving herb known for its protective effects on the liver. This research seeks to investigate the underlying mechanisms by which CS treat CH, employing network pharmacology and molecular docking.

Methods:
The active constituents of CS for CH treatment were identified through the TCMSP database. Targets associated with CH were gathered from GeneCards, the Therapeutic Target Database, and OMIM databases. The intersecting genes between these targets and the components of CS were considered potential therapeutic targets. Protein–protein interaction analysis was performed with the use of the STRING database and Cytoscape software, leading to the identification of core targets. These core targets underwent KEGG and GO enrichment analysis, and the top 10 pathways were chosen for building a drug–compound–target–pathway–disease’ network. Finally, molecular docking was utilized to evaluate the binding affinities between the compounds and the core targets.

Results:
From the TCMSP database, 29 compounds were screened, and 101 potential intersection targets of CS for treating CH were identified. The protein–protein interaction network analysis revealed that the core targets included EGFR, HSP90AA1, SRC, TNF, ALB, ESR1, CASP3, PTGS2, ERBB2, and FGF2. Pathway analysis indicated that CS’s treatment of CH is mainly associated with the pathway in cancer. Molecular docking results indicated that Paeoniflorin and Baicalin exhibited strong binding affinity with EGFR and HSP90AA1.

Conclusion:
This research uncovers the possible mechanisms of CS in CH treatment, offering new avenues for future studies.
Management of anterior and posterior crossbites with lingual appliances and miniscrew-assisted rapid palatal expansion: A case report
Authors: Nguyen Viet Anh , Nguyen Ngoc Anh , Doan Hong Le , Pham Thi Hanh , Doan Bich Ngoc 
Published: December 2024

Rationale:
Current literature describes only 2 cases combining miniscrew-assisted rapid palatal expansion (MARPE) with lingual appliances. These cases require 2 impressions, 1 before and 1 after palatal expansion, to ensure accurate lingual appliance placement, potentially increasing treatment time and cost. This case report aimed to demonstrate a modified workflow of combining MARPE and lingual appliances in managing an adult patient with anteroposterior and transversal discrepancies, requiring only a single digital impression for both fabrication and positioning.

Patient concerns:
A 29-year-old female presented with anterior and posterior crossbites, a class III skeletal relationship, and maxillary constriction. The patient desired a nonsurgical and esthetic treatment approach.

Diagnoses:
The patient was diagnosed with a class III malocclusion with anterior and posterior crossbite on a skeletal hypodivergent class III relationship and upper posterior constriction.

Interventions:
Treatment included MARPE for skeletal expansion, digitally planned lingual appliances for tooth alignment, and lower arch distalization for class III correction. A modified appliance sequence was utilized for optimal expansion retention and lingual bracket transfer accuracy.

Outcomes:
The treatment successfully corrected the crossbites, improved dental and facial esthetics, and achieved partial skeletal correction.

Lessons:
The combination of MARPE and lingual appliances offers a viable treatment alternative that prioritizes both esthetics and effective skeletal expansion for nonsurgical and esthetic management of adult class III malocclusion with maxillary constriction. The modified workflow, employing a single digital impression, may offer several advantages, including reduced treatment duration and associated costs, prolonged postexpansion retention, and minimized aesthetic impact of midline diastema.
Association between oral loop diuretics duration before discharge and hospital readmission in acute decompensated heart failure: A multicenter retrospective cohort study
Authors: Alshibani Mohannad , Alshehri Samah , Fatani Nayyra , Aljahdali Seba A. , Melibari Nawal A. , Aljabri Adnan F. , Alsubaie Norah S. , Althagafi Abdulhamid , Alfayez Osamah M. , Al Yami Majed S. 
Published: December 2024

There are uncertainties when to start patients on oral loop diuretics after managing acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) before discharge. This study aims to investigate the impact of prolonging observation duration on hospital readmissions following the switch to oral loop diuretics before discharge in patients with ADHF. A multicenter retrospective study that included adult patients (>18 years) diagnosed with ADHF and discharged on oral loop diuretics in Saudi Arabia. Patients who received oral loop diuretics were divided into 2 groups based on the observation duration before discharge. The primary outcome was a 30-day readmission rate for all causes; the secondary outcomes were 60- and 90-day readmission rates for all causes; and 30-, 60-, and 90-day readmission rates for heart failure. A total of 400 ADHF patients were included in the final analysis. Patients in group 1 (n = 142; < 24 hours) and group 2 (n = 258; ≥ 24 hours) had similar baseline characteristics (P > .05), except for the length of hospital stay (P = .03) and total observation time (P
= <.01). ADHF patients with <24 hours observation durations were significantly associated with higher all-cause 30-day readmissions compared to those with ≥24 hours observations (odds ratio = 1.83, 95% confidence interval = 1.11–3.02, P = .017). Our study showed a significant decrease in all-cause 30-day readmissions for ADHF patients who received oral loop diuretics at discharge with a longer duration of observation. This study emphasizes the significance of standardizing the observational period when initiating oral loop diuretics before discharge following admission to ADHF.
Simple ab externo lens capsule removal in intraocular lens reuse and intrascleral fixation for intracapsular lens dislocation: A case report
Authors: Nakagawa Suguru , Ishii Kiyoshi 
Published: December 2024

Background:
This study aimed to report and recall a simple method to remove the lens capsule ab externo when performing intrascleral fixation of an intracapsular intraocular lens (IOL) dislocation with reuse of the IOL.

Case presentation:
A 43-year-old Japanese male patient underwent pars plana vitrectomy, phacoemulsification, and IOL fixation for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in the right eye 10 years prior. A 3-piece IOL was intraocularly fixed during the initial procedure. In December 2023, the patient presented with intracapsular IOL dislocation in his right eye, causing the IOL to descend into the vitreous cavity enveloped by its entire capsule. During surgery, an intravitreal dislocated IOL was placed over the iris with the entire capsule. The haptics on 1 side of the IOL were placed outside the eye through the corneoscleral wound. Subsequently, the lens capsule and Soemmerring’s ring surrounding the haptics were removed. After the haptics were placed back over the iris, the same extraction procedure was performed for the remaining haptics. The IOL was intrasclerally fixed using a flange technique through the intrascleral tunnel at the 4 and 10 o’clock positions. One week postsurgery, the best-corrected visual acuity of the right eye was 20/16, and the corneal endothelial cell density was recorded as 2923 cells/mm2 (preoperative: 1650 cells/mm2).

Discussion and conclusions:
In cases of 3-piece IOL dislocation, employing the ab externo technique for lens capsule extraction has been proven to be a straightforward and efficient method. This approach facilitates the removal of the lens capsule around the IOL. If subsequent damage to the IOL is identified, it allows for easy conversion to replacement.
Sarcomatoid hepatocellular carcinoma with subdiaphragmatic metastasis misdiagnosed as liver abscess: A case report
Authors: Liu Xue-Wu , Yang Chun-Yuan , Liu Xue-Ping , Lei Nan 
Published: December 2024

Rationale:
Sarcomatoid hepatocellular carcinoma (SHC) is a rare subtype of hepatocellular carcinoma. Its imaging findings often resemble those of liver abscess, making preoperative diagnosis particularly challenging. To date, there have been no documented cases of SHC with subdiaphragmatic metastases. In this report, we present a case of SHC with subdiaphragmatic metastasis that was initially misdiagnosed as hepatic abscess. In addition, we conducted a retrospective analysis of the clinical and imaging findings to improve the clinical understanding of this disease.

Patient concerns:
A 74-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with recurrent right upper abdominal pain and discomfort, chills, and fever for >1 month.

Diagnoses:
The patient underwent abdominal computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, which revealed multiple nodules and masses in the left lobe of the liver. Furthermore, a thick-walled irregular cystic solid mass was identified in the anterior and subdiaphragmatic regions. Based on these findings, the patient was diagnosed with an abscess. The postoperative pathology confirmed SHC in both the left lobe of the liver and subdiaphragmatic mass.

Interventions:
The patient underwent a left external liver lobectomy.

Outcomes:
The patient’s condition deteriorated after surgery, and hepatic encephalopathy developed 1.5 months postoperation, ultimately leading to death.

Lessons:
To the best of our knowledge, cases of SHC with subdiaphragmatic metastases are rare, and the preoperative diagnosis presents a significant challenge in clinical practice. More comprehensive case analyses of SHC are needed to enhance the accuracy of clinical and imaging diagnoses.
Management of a severe skeletal Class II hyperdivergent patient with asymmetric missing teeth with lingual appliances and mandibular osteotomy: A case report
Authors: Tran Thi Ngoc Anh , Nguyen Thuy Anh , Nguyen Giao Hoang , Nguyen Viet Anh 
Published: December 2024

Rationale:
Orthognathic surgery cases are inherently challenging to treat with lingual appliances due to the complexities of orthodontic management and difficulties in achieving intermaxillary fixation during surgery. This challenge is further amplified in cases involving asymmetric space closure, such as those with a missing molar on one side and a premolar on the other, a scenario not yet documented in the literature. This case report presents the orthodontic–orthognathic management of an adult patient requiring space closure of asymmetric missing lower teeth.

Patient concerns:
A 30-year-old female patient presented with a severe skeletal Class II patient with a retruded mandible, hyperdivergent facial pattern, excessive overjet and overbite, and asymmetric missing lower teeth.

Diagnosis:
The patient was diagnosed with a Class II malocclusion and asymmetric missing mandibular posterior teeth on a skeletal hyperdivergent Class II relationship.

Interventions and outcomes:
The treatment involved orthodontic decompensation with fixed lingual appliances in combination with mandibular advancement osteotomy and genioplasty. Mini-screws were utilized for anchorage control during asymmetric space closure in the presurgical stage and entire lower arch distalization in the postsurgical stage. A significant facial esthetic and functional improvement was achieved posttreatment.

Lessons:
The combination of mini-screws and lingual appliances may offer effective anchorage management in both presurgical and postsurgical orthodontic stages for optimal orthodontic–orthognathic treatment outcomes. This approach allows for precise tooth movement and control during space closure in the presence of challenging asymmetric missing tooth patterns.
Outcomes Associated With Wound Care Nurses’ Practice for the Management of Venous Leg Ulcers
Authors: Monaco Dario , Iovino Paolo , Turci Carlo , Marchini Roberta , Scarozza Stefania , Matranga Cristina , Ursino Simona , Savini Serenella 
Published: December 2024

Introduction
The role of the wound care nurse is identified as a key element in the management of patients with venous leg ulcers (VLUs). However, the literature offers fragmented knowledge of the outcomes associated with their practice.

Aims
To identify, summarize, and map all available evidence based on the wound care nurses practice for the treatment of VLUs.

Methods
A scoping review was conducted in May 2024 on PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases. Observational or experimental studies related to patients affected by VLUs and cared for by wound care nurse specialists were included.

Results
Of the 1562 articles reviewed, 9 studies met the inclusion criteria. The most frequently measured outcomes were clinical responses and included healing rate and ulcer recurrence. Less frequent outcomes were patient-reported and resource utilization measures.

Conclusion
This review indicates a general predominance of outcomes related to objective clinical responses. Future studies should broaden the types of outcomes by also including patient-reported parameters (eg, pain, quality of life, stress) in order to gain greater evidence on the impact of wound care nurse specialists in the care of patients affected by VLUs.
Feasibility Testing of a Nurse-Invented Urinary Drainage Bag Securement Device
Authors: Meade Karen , Kreuz Bridgette , Sinnott Loraine , Kuhn Michelle , Potts Barbara , Ring Lindsay , Brown Carlton G. 
Published: December 2024

Purpose/Aims
To determine the feasibility of a nurse invention called the Bag Below Bladder (B3) Buddy using validated usability and acceptability tools, in securing urinary drainage bags while patients ambulate.

Design
An intervention study was implemented in a participant dyad consisting of a patient and clinician. Each dyad used the B3 Buddy in 1 encounter, ambulating at least 90 ft in an inpatient unit.

Methods
After the ambulation experience, patients completed the Acceptability of Implementation Measure tool, and clinicians completed the System Usability Scale (SUS) tool. Data analyses were performed using SAS version 9.4 for Windows (SAS Institute, Cary, North Carolina).

Results
All 21 patient participants found the B3 Buddy device acceptable, with a 95% confidence interval of 83.9% to 100%, exceeding the 70% acceptability threshold. Among the 20 clinicians, the average SUS score was 90.1, with a 95% confidence interval of 84.9 to 95.3, indicating high usability. Statistically significant differences in SUS scores were observed, with higher scores for clinicians with at least a bachelor’s degree and registered nurses.

Conclusion
This B3 Buddy device was found to be acceptable and usable to the end-users who participated in this study. The inventors are now seeking a manufacturer partnership for further development.