bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Delivering Breast Reconstruction Information to Patients: Women Report on Preferred Information Delivery Styles and Options
Authors: Webb Carmen , Sharma Vishal , Temple-Oberle Claire 
Published: March 2018

Purpose: To discover missed opportunities for providing information to women undergoing breast reconstruction in an effort to decrease regret and improve patient education, teaching modalities, and satisfaction. Method: Thirty- to 45-minute semi-structured interviews were conducted exploring patient experiences with information provision on breast reconstruction. Purposeful sampling was used to include women with a variety of reconstruction types at different time points along their recovery. Using grounded theory methodology, 2 independent reviewers analyzed the transcripts and generated thematic codes based on patient responses. BREAST-Q scores were also collected to compare satisfaction scores with qualitative responses. Results: Patients were interested in a wide variety of topics related to breast reconstruction including the pros and cons of different options, nipple-sparing mastectomies, immediate breast reconstruction, oncological safety/monitoring and the impact of chemotherapy and radiotherapy, secondary procedures (balancing, nipple reconstruction), post-operative recovery, and long-term expectations. Patients valued accessing information from multiple sources, seeing numerous photographs, being guided to reliable information online, and having access to a frequently asked questions file or document. Information delivery via interaction with medical personnel and previously reconstructed patients was most appreciated. Compared with BREAST-Q scores for satisfaction with the plastic surgeon (mean: 95.7, range: 60-100), informational satisfaction scores were lower at 74.7 (50-100), confirming the informational gaps expressed by interviewees. Conclusions: Women having recently undergone breast reconstruction reported key deficiencies in information provided prior to surgery and identified preferred information delivery options. Addressing women’s educational needs is important to achieve appropriate expectations and improve satisfaction.
Treatment of Failed Articular Cartilage Reconstructive Procedures of the Knee: A Systematic Review
Authors: Lamplot Joseph D. , Schafer Kevin A. , Matava Matthew J. 
Published: March 2018

Background: Symptomatic articular cartilage lesions of the knee are common and are being treated surgically with increasing frequency. While many studies have reported outcomes following a variety of cartilage restoration procedures, few have investigated outcomes of revision surgery after a failed attempt at cartilage repair or reconstruction. Purpose: To investigate outcomes of revision cartilage restoration procedures for symptomatic articular cartilage lesions of the knee following a previously failed cartilage reconstructive procedure. Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: A literature search was performed by use of the PubMed, EMBASE, and MEDLINE/Ovid databases for relevant articles published between 1975 and 2017 that evaluated patients undergoing revision cartilage restoration procedure(s) and reported outcomes using validated outcome measures. For studies meeting inclusion criteria, relevant information was extracted. Results: Ten studies met the inclusion criteria. Lesions most commonly occurred in the medial femoral condyle (MFC) (52.8%), with marrow stimulation techniques (MST) the index procedure most frequently performed (70.7%). Three studies demonstrated inferior outcomes of autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) following a previous failed cartilage procedure compared with primary ACI. One study comparing osteochondral allograft (OCA) transplant following failed microfracture (MFX) with primary OCA transplant demonstrated similar clinical outcomes and graft survival at midterm follow-up. No studies reported outcomes following osteochondral autograft transfer (OAT) or newer techniques. Conclusion: This systematic review of the literature reporting outcomes following revision articular cartilage restoration procedures (most commonly involving the MFC) demonstrated a high proportion of patients who underwent prior MST. Evidence is sufficient to suggest that caution should be taken in performing ACI in the setting of prior MST, likely secondary to subchondral bone compromise. OCA appears to be a good revision treatment option even if the subchondral bone has been violated from prior surgery or fracture.
Pilot Study of an Internet-Based Self-Management Program for Symptom Control in Patients With Early-Stage Breast Cancer
Authors: Henry N. Lynn , Kidwell Kelley M. , Alsamarraie Cindy , Bridges Celia M. , Kwiatkowski Christine , Clauw Daniel J. , Smith Ellen M. L. , Williams David A. 
Published: March 2018

Purpose Many survivors of breast cancer experience an array of chronic symptoms, including pain, insomnia, and fatigue. Few effective therapies have been identified. Behavioral management programs to address similar symptom clusters in other chronic conditions have been effective. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of an Internet-based lifestyle and behavioral self-management program on cancer-related symptoms. Patients and Methods Women with stage 0 to 3 breast cancer who reported insomnia, pain, or fatigue as their primary symptom of concern during the 7 days before enrollment were enrolled. Local therapies and/or chemotherapy were completed at least 3 months before enrollment. Patients were assessed at baseline and after 8 weeks, and they completed the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS)–29 Profile and Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC) questionnaire electronically. Change in each of the eight symptom domains was assessed. Results Fifty patients enrolled. In the 45 patients with both baseline and 8-week PROMIS data, statistically significant improvements in anxiety, sleep, fatigue, activity level, and pain severity were reported. Of the 35 patients who responded to the PGIC, 62.9% reported improvement in their primary symptom. Those who reported fatigue as their primary symptom reported greatest overall benefit in multiple symptom improvement, including improvements in fatigue, anxiety, pain severity, pain interference, and participation in social activities. Conclusions These findings suggest that this lifestyle and behavioral management program may improve multiple symptoms in breast cancer survivors when delivered via the Internet. Randomized studies are warranted to evaluate the efficacy of the online intervention compared with standard symptom management approaches and to identify patients most likely to benefit.
miR-106a Increases Granulosa Cell Viability and Is Downregulated in Women With Diminished Ovarian Reserve
Authors: Hong Liming , Peng Sha , Li Ying , Fang Ying , Wang Qin , Klausen Christian , Yin Chenghong , Wang Shuyu , Leung Peter C K , Yang Xiaokui 
Published: March 2018

Abstract

Context
Women with diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) have reduced fertility, cardiovascular events, and osteoporosis. Although differential microRNA (miRNA) expression has been described in several ovarian disorders, little is known about the role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of DOR.

Objective
Identify differentially expressed miRNAs in DOR and explore the role of miR-106a in human granulosa cell proliferation.

Design
miRNA microarray (n = 3) and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (n = 30) were used to examine miRNA expression in serum and granulosa cells from normal-cycling and women with DOR. Primary human granulosa cells were treated alone or in combination with miR-106a mimic, miR-106a inhibitor, apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) small interfering RNA (siRNA), or p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor (SB203580) before assessment of cell viability and apoptosis. Western blot was used to measure ASK1 protein and phosphorylation/activation of p38 MAPK. Binding of miR-106a to ASK1 mRNA was examined by 3′ untranslated region (3′UTR) luciferase analysis.

Results
Fifteen miRNAs were differentially expressed (n = 30), and miR-106a was downregulated in serum and granulosa cells of women with DOR. miR-106a mimic increased cell viability and attenuated apoptosis, whereas the converse occurred following treatment with miR-106a inhibitor. miR-106a suppressed ASK1 expression by directly targeting its 3′UTR. miR-106a inhibitor increased p38 MAPK phosphorylation/activation, and this effect was abolished by treatment with ASK1 siRNA. Whereas knockdown of ASK1 abolished the effects of miR-106a inhibitor on cell viability/apoptosis, pretreatment with SB203580 did not significantly alter the effects of miR-106a inhibitor.

Conclusions
Downregulation of miR-106a may contribute to the pathogenesis of DOR by reducing granulosa cell viability and promoting apoptosis via enhanced ASK1 signaling.
Noradrenergic Activity in the Human Brain: A Mechanism Supporting the Defense Against Hypoglycemia
Authors: Belfort-DeAguiar Renata , Gallezot Jean-Dominique , Hwang Janice J , Elshafie Ahmed , Yeckel Catherine W , Chan Owen , Carson Richard E , Ding Yu-Shin , Sherwin Robert S 
Published: March 2018

Abstract

Context
Hypoglycemia, one of the major factors limiting optimal glycemic control in insulin-treated patients with diabetes, elicits a brain response to restore normoglycemia by activating counterregulation. Animal data indicate that local release of norepinephrine (NE) in the hypothalamus is important for triggering hypoglycemia-induced counterregulatory (CR) hormonal responses.

Objective
To examine the potential role of brain noradrenergic (NA) activation in humans during hypoglycemia.

Design
A hyperinsulinemic-hypoglycemic clamp was performed in conjunction with positron emission tomographic imaging.

Participants
Nine lean healthy volunteers were studied during the hyperinsulinemic-hypoglycemic clamp.

Design
Participants received intravenous injections of (S,S)-[11C]O-methylreboxetine ([11C]MRB), a highly selective NE transporter (NET) ligand, at baseline and during hypoglycemia.

Results
Hypoglycemia increased plasma epinephrine, glucagon, cortisol, and growth hormone and decreased [11C]MRB binding potential (BPND) by 24% ± 12% in the raphe nucleus (P &lt; 0.01). In contrast, changes in [11C]MRB BPND in the hypothalamus positively correlated with increments in epinephrine and glucagon levels and negatively correlated with glucose infusion rate (all P &lt; 0.05). Furthermore, in rat hypothalamus studies, hypoglycemia induced NET translocation from the cytosol to the plasma membrane.

Conclusions
Insulin-induced hypoglycemia initiated a complex brain NA response in humans. Raphe nuclei, a region involved in regulating autonomic output, motor activity, and hunger, had increased NA activity, whereas the hypothalamus showed a NET-binding pattern that was associated with the individual’s CR response magnitude. These findings suggest that NA output most likely is important for modulating brain responses to hypoglycemia in humans.
Conserved functional control, but distinct regulation, of cell proliferation in rice and Arabidopsis leaves revealed by comparative analysis of GRF-INTERACTING FACTOR 1 orthologs
Authors: Shimano Satomi , Hibara Ken-ichiro , Furuya Tomoyuki , Arimura Shin-ichi , Tsukaya Hirokazu , Itoh Jun-Ichi 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT
Regulation of cell proliferation is crucial for establishing the shape of plant leaves. We have identified MAKIBA3 (MKB3), a loss-of-function mutant of which exhibits a narrowed- and rolled-leaf phenotype in rice. MKB3 was found to be an ortholog of Arabidopsis ANGUSTIFOLIA3 (AN3), which positively regulates cell proliferation. The reduced leaf size of mkb3 plants with enlarged cells and the increased size of MKB3-overexpressing leaves with normal-sized cells indicate that MKB3 is a positive regulator of leaf proliferation and that mkb3 mutation triggers a compensation syndrome, as does Arabidopsis an3. Expression analysis revealed that MKB3 is predominantly expressed on the epidermis of leaf primordia, which is different from the location of AN3. A protein movement assay demonstrated that MKB3 moves from an MKB3-expressing domain to a non-expressing domain, which is required for normal leaf development. Our results suggest that rice MKB3 and Arabidopsis AN3 have conserved functions and effects on leaf development. However, the expression pattern of MKB3 and direction of protein movement are different between rice and Arabidopsis, which might reflect differences in leaf primordia development in these two species.
Composite assessment of power Doppler ultrasonography and MRI in rheumatoid arthritis: a pilot study of predictive value in radiographic progression after one year
Authors: Fujimori Motoshi , Kamishima Tamotsu , Kato Masaru , Seno Yumika , Sutherland Kenneth , Sugimori Hiroyuki , Nishida Mutsumi , Atsumi Tatsuya 
Published: March 2018

Objective:
Power Doppler ultrasonography (PDUS) and MRI are independently useful to predict structural damage in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We hypothesize that there is a complementary relationship between these modalities. The aim of this study is, therefore, to investigate the usefulness of the predictive value of composite assessment of PDUS and contrast-enhanced MRI in radiographic outcomes in patients with RA.

Methods:
20 patients (17 females and 3 males) with RA on disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs underwent PDUS and MRI of both hands at baseline. Radiography of the bilateral hands was performed at baseline and at 1 year. Articular synovitis on PDUS was evaluated according to quantitative measurement. Synovitis, bone marrow edema and bone erosion were scored according to the RA MRI scoring method. The changes of joint space narrowing and bone erosion on radiograph were assessed by the Sharp/van der Heijde method. We applied t-statistics to combine the assessment of quantitative PDUS with semiquantitative MRI.

Results:
Structural damage progression for radiography was not correlated with any evaluations for MRI, while it showed significant correlation with synovitis on PDUS (r s = 0.597, p = 0.005). The composite assessment of both modalities (synovitis for PDUS and bone marrow edema for MRI) was correlated with structural damage progression on radiograph (rs = 0.792, p &lt; 0.0001).

Conclusion:
Composite assessment of PDUS and MRI may have a stronger predictive value in radiographic progression than PDUS or MRI alone in RA.

Advances in knowledge:
Composite assessment of PDUS and MRI may be an effective predictor of structural damage in RA.
Network and Networks – The European E-Challenge
Authors: Krężołek Paweł 
Published: March 2018

Network and political networks have become today an important challenge for Europe. In addition to the opportunities they offer, they also carry a number of risks. The Internet is changing not only the channels of political communication, but also the content of the policy. Unquestionably, the Internet is now one of the determinants of an individual’s position on the social ladder. The use of network resources and possessing digital competences are a condition of being able to access cultural heritage (online distribution channel is becoming the main channel of its promotion), access the offer of the public administration (digitalisation of the public services) and, above all, exercise and search for work (telework, job advertisements). The Digital Agenda is an important policy challenge for the European Union countries.
Minimal hypersurfaces in ℝn×Sm
Authors: Petean Jimmy , Ruiz Juan Miguel 
Published: March 2018

AbstractWe classify minimal hypersurfaces in ℝn×Smwithn,m≥ 2 which are invariant by the canonical action of O(n) × O(m). We also construct compact and noncompact examples of invariant hypersurfaces of constant mean curvature. We show that the minimal hypersurfaces and the noncompact constant mean curvature hypersurfaces are all unstable.
Kant’s Theodicy and its Role in the Development of Radical Evil
Authors: Gressis Robert 
Published: March 2018

Abstract:In theGroundwork of the Metaphysics of Moralsand theCritique of Practical Reason, Kant claims that rational beings should want to have no inclinations. But inReligion within the Bounds of Bare Reason, he asserts that the inclinations are good in themselves. While many commentators hold that Kant simply wrote hyperbolically in theGroundworkand the secondCritique, I argue Kant was sincere, and changed his mind about the worth of the inclinations between the secondCritiqueand theReligion. This is because he changed his mind about the source of immorality: whereas in theGroundworkandCritique of Practical ReasonKant took our inclinations to be tempters, starting in “Miscarriage of All Philosophical Trials in Theodicy” and concluding in theReligion, he posited a self-imposed propensity to evil as the source of immorality. Kant’s reason for changing his mind about the source of immorality was partly theological: if our inclinations were to blame for immorality, then God would also be to blame for creating us with them. The only way God could not be to blame is if our immorality were self-imposed. But Kant also concluded that looking for theoretical explanations of our immorality – whether theological or naturalistic – was itself problematic: such explanations ended up exonerating us for our immorality. Because they had this effect, I contend that Kant saw the offering of such exculpating theoretical explanations as itself motivated by immorality. This understanding of Kant makes sense of the approaches he takes in both “Miscarriage” andReligion.
Reconciling the ‘step sisters’: early Byzantine numismatics, history and archaeology
Authors: Gandila Andrei 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Despite the growing body of excavation finds and the steady publication of museum collections, the numismatic evidence remains an underutilized historical source. Historians who study Late Antiquity rely on archaeological evidence but tend to ignore coin finds, partly because numismatics developed as an independent field with its own set of specialized tools and research questions. Insufficient dialogue between the disciplines has delayed a proper appreciation of Early Byzantine coins as historical source and the development of a clear methodology for their use in conjunction with the literary and archaeological evidence. In order to overcome such disciplinary divides, this paper proposes several research directions by highlighting the main benefits of integrating the numismatic evidence more fully into the historical narrative. These research directions include a greater emphasis on bronze coinage, the study of the long-distance circulation of people and goods, and distinctions between urban, rural, and fortified contexts. This methodological discussion is followed by a case study from Byzantium’s Lower Danube frontier.
An Institutional Approach to Trade Union Density. The Case of Legal Origins and Political Ideology
Authors: Lewkowicz Jacek , Lewczuk Anna 
Published: March 2018

AbstractWhich institutions may be important in terms of trade union density and how significant they are? Although the status of trade unions may be very different among states, unions are still a very meaningful component of labour markets. In this paper, we contribute to the debate about the institutions that may affect the outcome of trade unions in different legal systems. Firstly, we draw on the theoretical underpinnings of trade union activity and density. Then, we conduct an empirical analysis of the relationships between trade union density in a particular country, country’s legal origins and government’s ideology. In this way, the paper enriches an underexploited niche in institutional research devoted to labour market issues.
Historical Delineation of Landscape Units Using Physical Geographic Characteristics and Land Use/Cover Change
Authors: Campos-Campos Oswaldo , Cruz-Cárdenas Gustavo , Aquino Roque Juan Carrasco , Moncayo-Estrada Rodrigo , Machuca Martha Alicia Velázquez , Meléndez Luis Arturo Ávila 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Landscape units are conceived as a part of the territory that share similar physical and geographic characteristics. Their delineation can contribute to identify the physical and social dynamics that emerge in the spatial environment and to propose strategies of planning and management of the territory. The main objective was to make a historical delineation of landscape units in the Duero river basin that demonstrate the dynamics of changes in the territory, the description of the actors involved, and the affectations in the natural and social environment. We analyzed the vegetation change and urban growth from 1983 to 2014, incorporating climatic, edaphic, and topographic variables. A Principal Component Analysis was performed with the information and results were used in Maximum Likelihood procedure to define different clusters based on environmental characteristics. We defined five categories from the Landsat images. Results showed landscape units with homogeneous environmental characteristics and some differences in the units’ delineation were mainly influenced by political and socioeconomic factors. Temporally there was an increased tendency of landscape units, three in 1983, nine in 1990, 1995, 2000 and 2011, and eight in 2014. This increase resulted from territory fragmentation because of berries and avocado cultivars expansion over wooded area.
Animal models of status epilepticus and temporal lobe epilepsy: a narrative review
Authors: Nirwan Nikita , Vyas Preeti , Vohora Divya 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is the chronic and pharmacoresistant form of epilepsy observed in humans. The current literature is insufficient in explicating the comprehensive mechanisms underlying its pathogenesis and advancement. Consequently, the development of a suitable animal model mimicking the clinical characteristics is required. Further, the relevance of status epilepticus (SE) to animal models is dubious. SE occurs rarely in people; most epilepsy patients never experience it. The present review summarizes the established animal models of SE and TLE, along with a brief discussion of the animal models that have the distinctiveness and carries the possibility to be developed as effective models for TLE. The review not only covers the basic requirements, mechanisms, and methods of induction of each model but also focuses upon their major limitations and possible modifications for their future use. A detailed discussion on chemical, electrical, and hypoxic/ischemic models as well as a brief explanation on the genetic models, most of which are characterized by development of SE followed by neurodegeneration, is presented.
Nominalizations in Murui (Witotoan)
Authors: Wojtylak Katarzyna I. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThis paper discusses forms, types, and functions of nominalizations in Murui, a Witotoan language spoken in Colombia and Peru. It is concerned with those nominalizations that involve classifiers and those that do not (agentive S/A nominalizations and event nominalizations). Murui nominalizations share a number of noun-like and verb-like properties. While agentive S/A nominalizations and those involving classifiers are more noun-like in nature, event nominalizations are more verb-like.