bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fatigue Characteristics and Mechanisms of Additional Damping Structures With Entangled Metallic Wire Material
Authors: Tang Yu , Liang Jiasong , Wei Dang , Xiong Baoquan , Zhu Zhihui , Wu Yiwan , Bai Hongbai 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTUnder vibration conditions, continuous alternating loads cause fatigue damage to structures, affecting their stability, durability, and overall safety. In this paper, the additional damping structures with entangled metallic wire material (EMWM) is proposed. Dynamic tests with different loading frequencies and loading amplitudes are carried out to evaluate the energy dissipation and stiffness characteristics of the different structures in terms of energy dissipation, loss factor, and average stiffness. Fatigue tests are conducted, and the fatigue life tests are applied with different loading amplitudes and loading frequencies using displacement control, and the fatigue properties are obtained under different numbers of cyclic loading. The test results are analyzed with respect to the energy dissipation mechanism of EMWM and the characteristics of the additional damping structure. The hysteresis curves under different loading times are identified by parameters, and the fatigue mechanical models are constructed. Comparison between the predicted data of the model and the hysteresis curve data of the test indicates that the model has high accuracy.
Effects of Alternate Wetting and Drying Irrigation on Methane and Nitrous Oxide Emissions From Rice Fields: A Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Zhao Chenxi , Qiu Rangjian , Zhang Tao , Luo Yufeng , Agathokleous Evgenios 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTReducing water input and promoting water productivity in rice field under alternate wetting and drying irrigation (AWD), instead of continuous flooding (CF), are vital due to increasing irrigation water scarcity. However, it is also important to understand how methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions and global warming potential ( of CH4 and N2O) respond to AWD under the influence of various factors. Here, we conducted a meta‐analysis to investigate the impact of AWD on CH4 and N2O emissions and , and its modification by climate conditions, soil properties, and management practices. Overall, compared to CF, AWD significantly reduced CH4 emissions by 51.6% and by 46.9%, while increased N2O emissions by 44.0%. The effect of AWD on CH4 emissions was significantly modified by soil drying level, the number of drying events, mean annual precipitation (MAP), soil organic carbon content (SOC), growth cycle, and nitrogen fertilizer (N) application. Regarding N2O emissions, mean annual temperature (MAT), elevation, soil texture, and soil pH had significant impacts on the AWD effect. Consequently, the under AWD was altered by soil drying level, soil pH, and growth cycle. Additionally, we found that MAP or MAT can be used to accurately assess the changes of global or national CH4 and N2O emissions under mild AWD. Moreover, increasing SOC, but not N application, is a potential strategy to further reduce CH4 emissions under (mild) AWD, since no difference was found between application of 60–120 and > 120 kg N ha−1. Furthermore, the soil pH can serve as an indicator to assess the reduction of under (mild) AWD as indicated by a significant linear correlation between them. These findings can provide valuable data support for accurate evaluation of non‐CO2 greenhouse gas emissions reduction in rice fields under large‐scale promotion of AWD in the future.
How Much Warming Can Mosquito Vectors Tolerate?
Authors: Couper Lisa I. , Nalukwago Desire Uwera , Lyberger Kelsey P. , Farner Johannah E. , Mordecai Erin A. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTClimate warming is expected to substantially impact the global landscape of mosquito‐borne disease, but these impacts will vary across disease systems and regions. Understanding which diseases, and where within their distributions, these impacts are most likely to occur is critical for preparing public health interventions. While research has centered on potential warming‐driven expansions in vector transmission, less is known about the potential for vectors to experience warming‐driven stress or even local extirpations. In conservation biology, species risk from climate warming is often quantified through vulnerability indices such as thermal safety margins—the difference between an organism's upper thermal limit and its habitat temperature. Here, we estimated thermal safety margins for 8 mosquito species that are the vectors of malaria, dengue, chikungunya, Zika, West Nile and other major arboviruses, across their known ranges to investigate which mosquitoes and regions are most and least vulnerable to climate warming. We find that several of the most medically important mosquito vector species, including Ae. aegypti and An. gambiae, have positive thermal safety margins across the majority of their ranges when realistic assumptions of mosquito behavioral thermoregulation are incorporated. On average, the lowest climate vulnerability, in terms of both the magnitude and duration of thermal safety, was just south of the equator and at northern temperate range edges, and the highest climate vulnerability was in the subtropics. Mosquitoes living in regions including the Middle East, the western Sahara, and southeastern Australia, which are largely comprised of desert and xeric shrubland biomes, have the highest climate vulnerability across vector species.
Négociation collective multiemployeurs: pourquoi survit‐elle et renaît‐elle dans certaines économies de marché libérales?
Authors: WRIGHT Chris F. 
Published: December 2024

RésuméL'auteur étudie ici les prérequis à la réussite d'un système de négociation collective multiemployeurs dans les pays où le soutien institutionnel est défaillant. Il analyse les cas du Royaume‐Uni, de la Nouvelle‐Zélande et de l'Australie, trois économies de marché libérales qui ont conservé la négociation multiemployeurs dans certains secteurs, ou ont récemment tenté de la ressusciter. Les institutions «réglementaires» (législation) et «cognitives» (normes sociales) s'avèrent importantes pour que les acteurs des relations de travail accèdent au pouvoir et aux ressources leur permettant de soutenir la négociation multiemployeurs et que travailleurs et employeurs considèrent légitime cette forme de fixation des salaires.
Impact of monetary policy on corporate R&D investment: From the perspective of loan term structure
Authors: Yang Yanling , Song Yuegang 
Published: December 2024

AbstractMonetary policy can directly impact corporate R&D investment, and it can also be achieved through loan term structure indirectly. This study examines the relationship between macro‐level monetary policy and micro‐level corporate R&D investment from the perspective of loan term structure using data from A‐share listed companies in China from 2007 to 2018. The study has three major findings: (i) There is a positive correlation between monetary policy easing and corporate R&D investment. (ii) From the perspective of the loan term structure, when monetary policy tightens, changes in the loan term structure may discourage corporate R&D activities, which is more pronounced for non‐state‐owned, high‐tech and growth‐stage companies. The effect of unconventional monetary policy is greater than that of conventional monetary policy in the period of severe economic shock, and monetary policy has a clear asymmetric effect that is greater when it is tight than when it is accommodative. (iii) Through survival analysis, it is found that tight monetary policy is not conducive to prolonging the duration of enterprises' R&D investment. Based on these findings, the study presents recommendations that provide a reference for the government to implement macro‐control.
Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy: Towards Genotype Based Diagnoses and Management
Authors: Muller Steven A. , Bertoli Giorgia , Wang Jianan , Gasperetti Alessio , Cox Moniek G. P. J. , Calkins Hugh , Riele Anneline S. J. M. te , Judge Daniel P. , Delmar Mario , Hauer Richard N. W. , Boink Gerard J. J. , Cerrone Marina , Tintelen J. Peter van , James Cynthia A. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTArrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is a genetically heterogeneous inherited cardiomyopathy with an estimated prevalence of 1:5000–10 000 that predisposes patients to life‐threatening ventricular arrhythmias (VA) and sudden cardiac death (SCD). ACM diagnostic criteria and risk prediction models, particularly for arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC), the most common form of ACM, are typically genotype‐agnostic, but numerous studies have established clinically meaningful genotype‐phenotype associations. Early signs of ACM onset differ by genotype indicating the need for genotype‐specific diagnostic criteria and family screening paradigms. Likewise, risk factors for SCD vary by genetic subtype, indicating that genotype‐specific guidelines for management are also warranted. Of particular importance, genotype‐specific therapeutic approaches are being developed. Results from a randomized controlled trial for flecainide use in ARVC patients are currently pending. Research in a plakophilin‐2‐deficient mouse model suggests this antiarrhythmic drug may be particularly useful for patients with likely pathogenic or pathogenic (LP/P) PKP2 variants. Additionally, the first gene therapy clinical trials in ARVC patients harboring LP/P PKP2 variants are currently underway. This review aims to provide clinicians caring for ACM patients with an up‐to‐date overview of the current literature in genotype‐specific natural history of disease and management of ACM patients and describe scientific advances that have led to upcoming clinical trials.
Lipoteichoic Acid Rescued Age‐Related Bone Loss by Enhancing Neuroendocrine and Growth Hormone Secretion Through TLR2/COX2/PGE2 Signalling Pathway
Authors: Liu Zixian , Lin Zexin , Chen Yingqi , Lu Mincheng , Hong Weisheng , Yu Bin , Liu Guanqiao 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe phenomenon of brain–bone crosstalk pertains to the intricate interaction and communication pathways between the central nervous system and the skeletal system. Disruption in brain–bone crosstalk, particularly in disorders such as osteoporosis, can result in skeletal irregularities. Consequently, investigating and comprehending this communication network holds paramount importance in the realm of bone disease prevention and management. In this study, we found that Staphylococcus aureus lipoteichoic acid promoted the conversion of arachidonic acid to PGE2 by interacting with TLR2 receptors acting on the surface of microglial cells in the pituitary gland, leading to the upregulation of COX‐2 expression. Subsequently, PGE2 bound to the EP4 receptor of growth hormone‐secreting cells and activated the intracellular CREB signalling pathway, promoting GH secretion and ameliorating age‐related bone loss.
Neural correlates of children with avoidant restrictive food intake disorder symptoms: large‐scale neuroanatomical analysis of a paediatric population
Authors: Sader Michelle , Harris Holly A. , Waiter Gordon D. , Jansen Pauline W. , Williams Justin H.G. , White Tonya 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundAvoidant restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) is a recently recognised feeding and eating disorder and is characterised by a lack of interest and motivation to eat. Despite burgeoning research, few studies to date have explored the underlying neurobiology of ARFID. Research examining the neural underpinnings of ARFID can greatly assist in understanding different mechanisms that play disorder‐specific roles.MethodsWe studied a total of 1,977 10‐year‐old participants from the Generation R Study, a population‐based Dutch cohort, to cross‐sectionally examine neuroanatomical differences between those with versus without ARFID‐like symptoms. Children were classified with versus without ARFID symptoms using the ARFID Index, a validated evaluative tool comprised of parent‐reported and researcher‐assessed measurements of picky eating, energy intake, diet quality, growth and psychosocial impact to characterise ARFID symptoms in the paediatric population. Global and regional values of surface area, cortical thickness, and volume from T1‐weighted structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans in those with ARFID symptoms were compared with children not exhibiting symptoms.ResultsWe identified 121 (6.1%) individuals with ARFID symptoms relative to 1,865 (93.9%) individuals without ARFID symptoms. Neuroanatomical findings identified significantly greater frontal (p = .00743; d = 0.21) and superior frontal (p = 6.56E‐04; d = 0.28) cortical thickness among children with ARFID symptoms.ConclusionsThis first large‐scale study of the neural correlates of ARFID identified greater thickness of frontal cortical regions in children with ARFID symptoms, suggesting a role for executive function in the aetiology of the condition.
Epidemiology of Rome IV Fecal Incontinence in Japan: An Internet Survey of 9995 Individuals
Authors: Hisaki Yuki , Sawada Akinari , Kobayashi Yumie , Nishida Yu , Maruyama Hirotsugu , Ominami Masaki , Nadatani Yuji , Otani Koji , Fukunaga Shusei , Hosomi Shuhei , Tanaka Fumio , Fujiwara Yasuhiro 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundFecal incontinence (FI) is a debilitating condition defined as recurrent uncontrolled passage of fecal material according to Rome IV. Although FI greatly impacts patients' health‐related quality of life (HRQOL), there have been few studies about the prevalence of FI in the Japanese general population. The aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiology of FI using Rome IV criteria in Japan.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional internet survey for Japanese individuals aged 18 to 79 years using a questionnaire about demographics, comorbidities, lifestyle, abdominal symptoms, bowel habits, HRQOL, and disorders of gut–brain interaction according to Rome IV diagnostic criteria. Multivariate linear regression analysis identified factors associated with FI fulfilling Rome IV criteria (Rome IV FI).ResultsOverall, 9995 subjects were analyzed. Of which, 9.5% of the participants had at least one episode of FI in the last 3 months, and the prevalence of Rome IV FI was 1.2%. HRQOL was significantly impaired in patients with Rome IV FI compared to continent individuals. Major functional bowel disorders overlapped with 39.5% of Rome IV FI where functional diarrhea (25.8%) was the most predominant. The overlap further impaired HRQOL in Rome IV FI patients. Alcohol consumption (odds ratio 1.82, 95% CI 1.24–2.66, p = 0.002) was independently related to Rome IV FI apart from gastroesophageal reflux disease, irritable bowel syndrome, functional abdominal bloating/distension, and functional diarrhea.ConclusionsThe prevalence of Rome IV FI was 1.2% in Japan. Further study is warranted to investigate the effect of lifestyle modification on the management of FI.
Prevalence and Incidence of Peutz–Jeghers Syndrome and Juvenile Polyposis Syndrome in Japan: A Nationwide Epidemiological Survey in 2022
Authors: Matsubara Yuri , Nakamura Yosikazu , Nakayama Yoshiko , Yano Tomonori , Ishikawa Hideki , Kumagai Hideki , Umeno Junji , Uchida Keiichi , Jimbo Keisuke , Yamamoto Toshiki , Ishida Hideyuki , Suzuki Okihide , Okamoto Koichi , Kakuta Fumihiko , Koike Yuhki , Kawasaki Yuko , Sakamoto Hirotsugu 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackground and AimPeutz–Jeghers syndrome (PJS) and juvenile polyposis syndrome (JPS) are autosomal dominant diseases associated with high cancer risk. In Japan, knowledge about the prevalence and incidence of PJS and JPS is lacking despite being crucial for providing appropriate medical support. We aimed to determine the prevalence and incidence of these diseases.MethodsIn 2022, a nationwide questionnaire survey was conducted to determine the number of patients with PJS or JPS by sex and the number of newly confirmed cases from 2019 to 2021. The target facilities included gastroenterology, pediatrics, and pediatric surgery departments, which were stratified into seven classes on the basis of the total number of beds. We randomly selected target facilities using different extraction rates in each class, resulting in 1748/2912 facilities (extraction rate: 60%) as the final sample. We calculated the estimated number of patients using the response and extraction rates.ResultsA total of 1077 facilities responded to the survey. The estimated numbers of patients with PJS and JPS were 701 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 581–820) and 188 (95% CI: 147–230), respectively. The 3‐year period prevalences of PJS and JPS were 0.6/100000 and 0.15/100000, whereas the incidences in 2021 were 0.07/100000 and 0.02/100000, respectively. Male patients constituted 53.5% and 59.6% in the PJS and JPS groups, respectively.ConclusionsWe determined the prevalence and incidence of PJS and JPS in Japan for the first time. Further research is needed to obtain more detailed information, including the clinical differences and outcomes in Japan.
Variation in whale (Cetacea) inner ear anatomy reveals the early evolution of “specialized” high‐frequency hearing sensitivity
Authors: Racicot Rachel A. , Mourlam Mickaël J. , Ekdale Eric G. , Glass Abigail , Marino Lori , Uhen Mark D. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAs fully aquatic mammals, hearing is arguably the most important sensory component of cetaceans. Increasingly, researchers have been harnessing computed tomography (CT) to investigate the details of the inner ear as they can provide clues to the hearing abilities of whales. We use microCT scans of a broad sampling of the ear bones (periotics) of primarily toothed whales (Odontoceti) to investigate the inner ear bony labyrinth shape and reconstruct hearing sensitivities among these cetaceans, including several taxa about which little is currently known. We find support for sensitivity to the lower frequency spectrum in the archaeocete Zygorhiza kochii and an early toothed mysticete cf. Aetiocetus. Oligocene odontocetes (including one from our novel dataset), stem delphinidans, and two additional species of the long‐snouted eurhinodelphinids are found to have been able to hear within the narrow‐band high‐frequency spectrum (NBHF), which is thought to be a specialized form of hearing that evolved convergently multiple different times in extant groups to avoid predation by macroraptorial predators. Our results thus indicate that NBHF evolved as early as the Oligocene and certainly in stem delphinidans by the early Miocene, and thus may be an ancestral characteristic rather than a more recent innovation in select groups.
Linear Growth During Treatment With a Simplified, Combined Protocol: Secondary Analyses of Severely Wasted Children 6–59 Months in the ComPAS Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Heymsfield Grace , Stephenson Kevin , Tausanovitch Zachary , Briend André , Kerac Marko , Stobaugh Heather , Bailey Jeanette , Kangas Suvi T. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTA simplified, combined protocol treats children with moderate acute malnutrition (MAM), defined by mid‐upper arm circumference (MUAC) of < 125 and ≥ 115 mm and no oedema, with 1 daily sachet of ready‐to‐use therapeutic food (RUTF) and those with severe acute malnutrition (SAM), defined by MUAC < 115 mm and/or oedema, with two daily sachets of RUTF. This protocol was previously shown to result in non‐inferior recovery compared to standard treatment that used higher, weight‐based RUTF dosing among children with SAM and ready‐to‐use supplementary food (RUSF) for MAM in a cluster‐based randomised controlled trial in Kenya and South Sudan. We conducted a secondary analysis of this trial to compare linear growth among children admitted with MUAC < 115 mm. Linear and ponderal growth were calculated from admission to discharge and visualised using aggregate growth curves. HAZ change adjusted for admission characteristics was negative across the course of treatment but similar across arms [−0.21 ± 0.18 SE in the standard arm, −0.24 ± 0.18 SE in simplified; difference (95% confidence interval) 0.03 (−0.12, 0.18)]. The unadjusted mean ± SE linear growth velocity from admission to discharge was 1.8 ± 0.7 mm/week in the standard arm compared to 1.7 ± 0.7 mm/week in the simplified arm [difference = 0.09 (−0.36, 0.53)] and similar in adjusted analysis. MUAC and weight gain velocities were not significantly different by treatment arm. Reducing the RUTF dose prescribed to children during SAM treatment does not appear to affect linear growth or other growth velocities during treatment.
Synergistic role of Rubisco inhibitor release and degradation in photosynthesis
Authors: Pasch Viviana , Leister Dario , Rühle Thilo 
Published: December 2024

Summary

Ribulose‐1,5‐bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) exhibits catalytic promiscuity, resulting in error‐prone reactions and the formation of inhibitory sugar phosphates. Specifically, Xylulose‐1,5‐bisphosphate (XuBP) acts as an inhibitor by binding to the active site of Rubisco, thereby impairing its catalytic function. Thermolabile Rubisco activase (Rca) facilitates the release of such inhibitors, including XuBP, by remodelling Rubisco. In Arabidopsis thaliana, the phosphatase pair CbbYA and CbbYB subsequently hydrolyses XuBP to prevent its rebinding to Rubisco.

To explore the functional interplay between these components in maintaining photosynthesis, cbbya, cbbyb and cbbyab mutants were crossed with RCA knockdown (rca‐2) lines. Additionally, both RCA and CBBYA were overexpressed in wild‐type (WT) Arabidopsis thaliana.

Phenotypic analyses revealed an exacerbation in decreased growth and photosynthetic efficiency in the cbbyab rca‐2 double mutants compared with the control mutants (cbbyab and rca‐2), indicating a negative genetic interaction. Furthermore, the co‐overexpression of RCA and CBBYA did not improve photosynthesis under short‐term heat stress, and light reactions were adversely affected relative to the WT.

These findings illustrate the synergistic roles of Rca, CbbYA and CbbYB in maintaining carbon fixation and promoting plant growth in Arabidopsis thaliana. Thus, the coordinated regulation of Rca and CbbY enzymes is crucial for optimizing photosynthetic efficiency.
The transcription factor CCT30 promotes rice preharvest sprouting by regulating sugar signalling to inhibit the ABA‐mediated pathway
Authors: Fan Xiaowei , Gao Fangyuan , Liu Yuexin , Huang Wen , Yang Ying , Luo Zhengliang , Zhang Jia , Qi Feixiang , Lv Jianqun , Su Xiangwen , Wang Lei , Song Song , Ren Guangjun , Xing Yongzhong 
Published: December 2024

SummarySeed dormancy is an important adaptive trait in plants. Proper seed dormancy enables the avoidance of preharvest sprouting in the undesirable conditions like rainfall frequently. In this study, qPSR8, a major QTL for preharvest sprouting, was isolated, and a previously reported heading‐date gene, CCT30, was verified as the candidate gene. The CCT30 knockout mutants (CCT30‐CR) enhanced seed dormancy and ABA sensitivity as compared with the wild‐type ZH11. Conversely, CCT30 overexpressing plants had opposite phenotype changes and had a decreased ABA content. The expression of ABA synthesis genes such as OsNCEDs and ABA signalling genes such as ABI3 and ABI5 were upregulated and sugar metabolism‐related genes such as amylase genes were downregulated in CCT30‐CR. Correspondingly, fewer free sugars, such as monosaccharides and oligosaccharides, accumulated in CCT30‐CR. The freshly harvested seeds from CCT30‐CR had no ability to transmit sugar signals when treated with 1% exogenous glucose. In addition, CCT30 interacted with the transcription factor OsbZIP37, which negatively regulates seed dormancy. Overall, CCT30 promotes preharvest sprouting by enhancing sugar signals that inhibit the ABA‐mediated pathway, and CCT30 is a good gene for breeding rice varieties resistant to preharvest sprouting.
Recognition of the Novel DPA1*02:01:01:39 Allele Through Third‐Generation HLA‐Targeted Sequencing Technology
Authors: Gao Hua , Zhao Yuanli , Zhang Pengchuang , Gao Peng , Li Zihang 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTHLA‐DPA1*02:01:01:39 differs from HLA‐DPA1*02:01:01:02 by a single nucleotide change in intron 1.