bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Mental Health Objective Structured Clinical Examination to Evaluate Undergraduate Nursing Students’ Clinical Competence
Authors: Stockmann Cherrill , Adelman-Mullally Theresa , Willett Joanna 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to establish the psychometrics of a 12-station mental health Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) to evaluate the clinical competence of undergraduate nursing students. A convenience sample of 65 first-semester senior-level undergraduate students participated. Content validities for the OSCE checklist and stations were established. Interrater reliability was statistically significant. Correlations between the OSCE and final course exam and grade were not statistically significant. Students described the OSCE as a beneficial learning experience but felt unprepared. This OSCE was initially established as a reliable, valid tool to objectively assess nursing competence.
To Lecture or Not Lecture: A Correlational Nursing Education Research Study
Authors: Catala-Beauchamp Aixa I. , Alava Stephanie , Callender Lynelle , Clark Jennifer , de la Osa Ada , Rollins Ebony , Johnson Arlene 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Lecturing has been a primary method for delivering knowledge and information to nursing students from the early days of nursing education. Recent literature on the effectiveness of lecturing is based on literature published more than 10 years ago; current data on the influence of lecturing on learning outcomes are sparse. Our graduate nursing faculty program conducted a retrospective correlational study to evaluate if the addition of lectures influenced graduate students’ learning outcomes.
Fungal Osteomyelitis of a Diabetic Foot Infection Caused by Trichosporon asahii: A Case Report
Authors: Frost Livia , Xu Ya , Fukuta Yuriko 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
Diabetic foot bacterial osteomyelitis is a serious infection that can lead to major amputations. However, fungal osteomyelitis in a diabetic foot ulcer is uncommon and has been underrecognized. It typically occurs in patients with underlying immunocompromised status and is associated with poor outcomes. Fungal osteomyelitis might be overlooked or diagnosed late because of underrecognition and the inability to differentiate it from bacterial osteomyelitis without specific laboratory testing, such as fungal culture of bone and histopathology including fungal stain. Treating fungal osteomyelitis involves a long course of antifungal treatment, along with surgical management and intensive wound care. In this report, the authors describe the case of a 78-year-old woman with peripheral arterial disease and diabetes who developed dry gangrene complicated by osteomyelitis due to the fungus Trichosporon asahii in the distal phalange of her right hallux. Initially, her pain and erythema around the gangrene improved with voriconazole; however, her gangrene worsened, likely because of nonadherence to wound care and offloading, and her comorbidities. Ultimately, she underwent a right foot guillotine transmetatarsal amputation. The authors also review the literature on fungal osteomyelitis, particularly in the context of diabetic foot infections and Trichosporon asahii infections.
Comparison of Coconut and Sunflower Seed Oils in Improving the Skin Integrity and Weight Gain of Infants in the Neonatal ICU
Authors: Tiryaki Öznur , Zengin Hamide , Çınar Nursan , Karabay Meltem , Caner İbrahim , Güçlü Ertuğrul 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE
To determine the effects of sunflower seed oil and coconut oil on the skin integrity and weight gain of preterm infants in the neonatal ICU.

METHODS
In this randomized controlled trial, 66 preterm neonates (34–37 weeks’ gestation) in the neonatal ICU of a training and research hospital were equally divided into three groups: sunflower seed oil, coconut oil, and control. The weights of neonates in all three groups were measured at admission to the neonatal ICU, at discharge, and at 1 month postdischarge. Their skin conditions were evaluated using the Neonatal Skin Condition Score and the Revised Northampton Neonatal Skin Assessment Tool at the same three time points.

RESULTS
At 1 month postdischarge, neonates in the sunflower seed oil and coconut oil groups weighed significantly more than those in the control group (P = .004). Mean Neonatal Skin Condition Score scores were significantly higher in the control group at 1 month postdischarge than in the sunflower seed oil and coconut oil groups (P = .000).

CONCLUSIONS
Skin care with coconut oil and sunflower seed oil was effective in maintaining the skin integrity and weight of neonates at 1 month postdischarge. The authors recommend that randomized controlled trials on skin care in preterm infants using sunflower, coconut, and other oils be conducted with larger sample sizes.
SUBRETINAL PIGMENT EPITHELIUM OPTICALLY EMPTY STRUCTURES IN POLYPOIDAL CHOROIDAL VASCULOPATHY
Authors: Teo Kelvin Yi Chong , Chong Yu Jeat , Cheung Chui Ming Gemmy 
Published: November 2024

Purpose:
To describe the appearance of a novel optical coherence tomography (OCT) feature in polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy and report its prevalence in a clinical cohort.

Methods:
We retrospectively analyzed the OCT and indocyanine green angiography images of eyes with polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy. Main outcome measures included the appearance, prevalence, and longitudinal changes of “optically empty subretinal pigment epithelium (RPE) structures” on OCT and correlate them with indocyanine green angiography and OCT angiography.

Results:
We evaluated OCT of 55 patients. Each patient had monthly OCT from baseline to month 12. Presence of sub-RPE optically empty structures at any visit was detected in 10 eyes (7 at baseline, three during follow-up). These lesions are located under the RPE and are characterized by homogenously hyporeflective content similar to the vitreous cavity, which appear optically empty. Additional features include hypertransmission tail into choroid, round/polygonal in shape surrounded by thin wall and fuzzy overlying RPE. When compared with indocyanine green angiography, these structures can be colocalized to the area of pooling associated with polypoidal lesions but can persist after polyp regression. No flow signal was detected within the center of these optically empty structures.

Conclusion:
Sub-RPE optically empty structures likely represent spaces not filled with blood and are distinct from the lumen of a polypoidal lesion.
Clinical pearls from glaucoma clinical trials: a case-based approach
Authors: Barna Laura E. , Chung In Young , Shen Lucy Q. 
Published: November 2024

Purpose of review
The purpose of this review is to summarize past and present findings of established clinical trials in glaucoma with a case-based approach. We provide a general overview of each major trial and provide recommendations for their implementation in clinical practice.

Recent findings

Summary
There have been several large glaucoma clinical trials performed over the last three decades. These trials have guided clinical decision making by helping risk stratify patients and guide medical and surgical management.
Sport-Related Cutaneous Infections: A Narrative Review
Authors: Santoso Breanna N. , Korman Abraham M. , Bechtel Mark A. , Baria Michael R. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract:
Bacterial and viral cutaneous infections pose a great risk of serious complications in combat athletes and contribute to a significant amount of time lost in practice and competition. Although these infections can be treated with standard antimicrobials, the rise in resistance of Staphylococcus aureus and dermatophytes calls for updated treatment recommendations. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) is becoming a highly prevalent culprit of impetigo, folliculitis, and cellulitis and must be managed correctly to eradicate infection effectively. In addition, the increased prevalence of tinea incognito and terbinafine-resistant Trichophyton tonsurans makes dermatophyte infections difficult to handle. Limited studies provide evidence for a nuanced approach when treating athletes who engage in weight cycling or rapid weight loss, but adjusted dosing and treatment guidelines remain important.
Participant-Level Analysis of Complications From the Prostate Biopsy Efficacy and Complications Randomized Study of Transrectal and Transperineal Prostate Biopsy
Authors: Aziz Asef , Fisher Hugh A. G. , Kaufman Ronald P. , Bernstein Adrien , Mian Badar M. 
Published: November 2024

Purpose:
The Prostate Biopsy Efficacy and Complications (ProBE-PC) study reported composite end points for noninfectious and infectious complications after transrectal (TR-Bx) and transperineal (TP-Bx) prostate biopsies. However, the clinical relevance of component events within the composite can be quite variable. We aimed to evaluate participant-level details on the severity and management of each complication to provide clinically useful context to practitioners.

Materials and Methods:
Of the 763 randomized participants, 718 underwent either TR-Bx or TP-Bx. Data collection to identify complications included follow-up at 2 weeks and 30 days and review of all outside records to identify fever, genitourinary infections, prescriptions, laboratory test results, microbiology, and clinic or hospital visits.

Results:
Overall, fever was the most frequently reported event in 12 participants (1.7%), with 6 each in the TR-Bx and TP-Bx groups. Of the 11 participants (1.5%) receiving additional antibiotics for suspected infection, only 5 had a fever, and clear indication could not be ascertained in 5 participants. A combination of fever, antibiotic prescription, and/or emergency department/urgent care visits was noted in 0.9% and 0.6% after TR-Bx and TP-Bx, respectively. Overnight observation was required in 3 cases (2 in TR-Bx and 1 in TP-Bx). Hematuria prompting health care utilization occurred in 0.7%, but none required active intervention. Nearly one quarter of the complications occurred after 7 days.

Conclusions:
The composite end point can potentially overestimate the total event rate while clinically important infectious and noninfectious component events after prostate biopsy were infrequent and minor. The management seemed inconsistent, especially the use of empiric antibiotics for unconfirmed postbiopsy infection.
Impact of occupational exposures in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: current understanding and knowledge gaps
Authors: Bongers Quinn , Comellas Alejandro P. 
Published: November 2024

Purpose of review
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is thought of as a disease caused by tobacco exposure, but numerous occupational exposures have been identified as risk factors for development of disease and exacerbations, although these remain underappreciated and underdiagnosed. We highlight evidence of occupational exposures and how they relate to COPD, while also looking at gaps in how the changing workplace might affect the occupational COPD landscape.

Recent findings
Historical exposures linked to COPD included inorganic dusts like coal and silica and organic dusts like cotton and wood. Other data associated agricultural exposures, cleaning agents, air pollution, and construction work with COPD. As the workplace has evolved to include more work from home and growing industries like ridesharing and delivery, items like radon and indoor and outdoor air quality must be factored into the equation as occupational exposures with the potential to cause COPD and increase its morbidity. Despite this, causal conclusions with many risk factors are challenging due to the complex interaction between patient susceptibilities and environmental factors, both occupation-related and nonoccupation related.

Summary
Additional studies are needed, not only to better evaluate occupational exposures and COPD pathogenesis, but also to look at more solution-oriented areas like precision medicine and interventions targeting a healthier workplace.
Precision medicine in diabetes care
Authors: Tan Si Hua Clara , Loh Wann Jia , Lim Su Chi 
Published: November 2024

Purpose of review
This review highlights emerging evidence supporting the premise of precision diabetes care including but not limited to monogenic diabetes and discuss potential opportunities, challenges, and limitations for clinical adoption.

Recent findings
Driven by a single gene mutation, monogenic diabetes remains the best use-case for precision diabetes care. However, the increasing prevalence of diabetes among adolescents and young adults in an obesogenic environment makes triaging potential patients for genetic screening clinically challenging. High-dimensional molecular biomarkers (i.e., multiomics) can improve the risk prediction for incident type 2 diabetes (T2D), over and above a well established prediction model based on clinical variables alone. Machine learning approaches using clinical variable-based clustering methods have generated novel and reproducible T2D subgroups with distinct phenotypic and omics characteristics that are associated with differential long-term outcomes. This stratification-strategy may inform clinical decisions. However, on-going discussion and research will be needed to understand the clinical utility of sub-phenotyping T2D for precision care.

Summary
Precision diabetes care has extended from uncommon monogenic diabetes to T2D which will need more complex approaches like multiomics and machine-learning methods. The successful clinical translation will require cumulative evidence and close collaboration among the stake holders.
Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis as a Unique Initial Presentation of Thyroid Storm
Authors: Algahtani Hussein , Shirah Bader , Alameen Mohamed Najm Aldeen , Bin Saeed Abdulrahman 
Published: November 2024

Introduction:
Thyrotoxicosis is associated with a hypercoagulable state, increasing the risk of thrombotic events like CVST. Literature review reveals thyroid hormone’s role in promoting prothrombotic abnormalities, impacting coagulation factors and platelet function.

Case Report:
This study explores the rare occurrence of thyroid storm complicated by deep cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) in a young male with no prior history of thyroid disease. Our case emphasizes the importance of considering thyroid disease, including thyroid storm, in patients who present with acute neurological symptoms and signs of hyperthyroidism.

Conclusions:
Multidisciplinary management is crucial for optimizing outcomes in both thyroid storm and neurological complications, with collaborative efforts from emergency physicians, endocrinologists, neurologists, and critical care specialists. This study underscores the need for increased awareness and timely intervention in complex presentations of thyroid dysfunction, urging further investigation into underlying mechanisms and therapeutic strategies to enhance patient care and prognosis in such critical scenarios.
Determining Outcomes in Patients With Large Vessel Occlusion and Mild Stroke Who Did or Did Not Receive Thrombolytics and/or Thrombectomy
Authors: Reyes Cleo Zarina A. , Castro-Apolo Ramiro Gabriel , Kincaid Hope , Tabibzadeh Navid , Yacoub Hussam A. 
Published: November 2024

Objectives:
The utility of thrombolysis and/or thrombectomy in patients with mild stroke and large vessel occlusion (LVO) remains inconclusive. This retrospective study compared short-term and long-term outcomes in patients treated with best medical therapy (BMT group) versus with intravenous thrombolytics and/or endovascular thrombectomy (intervention group).

Methods:
Patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS), LVO, and National Institutes of Health Stroke Score (NIHSS) ≤5 were included. Data collected includes demographics; hospital length of stay (LOS); modified Rankin scale (mRS) at admission, discharge, and follow-up; hemorrhagic conversion; and disposition. Bivariate analyses were conducted to compare outcomes between groups.

Results:
Of the 29 patients, 15 were treated with BMT and 14 underwent intervention. Median hospital LOS was slightly longer in the intervention group (6.5 [IQR=4 to 12] vs. 5 [IQR=3 to 5] d, P=0.070). Everyone in the BMT group had a favorable outcome (mRS 0 to 2) at discharge and follow-up, unlike the intervention group’s rate at discharge (100% vs. 71.4%, P=0.042), This gap was closed at follow-up between BMT group (median=33 d, IQR=28 to 48) and intervention group (median=44.5 days, IQR=30 to 48) (100% vs. 85.7%, P=0.224). Hemorrhagic conversion rates were similar between groups. More patients in the BMT group were discharged home (80% vs. 42.9%, P=0.079).

Conclusions:
Patients with AIS, low NIHSS, and LVO, who received thrombolytics and/or thrombectomy had longer hospital LOS, higher mRS at discharge and follow-up, and were less likely to be discharged home, though these trends were not statistically significant. Our study is limited by a small sample size and these findings should be further explored in larger studies.
Who, what, where, when, and how: IPOS legacy and future directions
Authors: Goldzweig Gil , Andersen Barbara L. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The International Psycho-Oncology Society (IPOS) has played a pivotal role in the integration and advancement of psychosocial care within oncology. Cancer diagnosis is just one of many stressors for patients, but those with mental health disorders, especially depression or anxiety, struggle disproportionately. Despite evidence for empirically supported psychological treatments and supportive care initiatives, the global visibility of psychosocial oncology is low in countries having the greatest need. Forecasts of cancer incidence and mortality suggest that more than two-thirds of the world's cancers will occur in low-income and middle-income/resource countries (LMRCs) within the next 15 years. Having multiple economic, institutional, and governmental/political barriers, LMRCs have not benefited from extensive research and psychosocial care integration seen in higher resource countries. But importantly, IPOS can leverage its global position and network to lead and support the inclusion of psychosocial care into national LMRC cancer plans and facilitate within-country research development and mentorship. The future requires awareness and leadership to build a global psychosocial infrastructure to improve quality of life for all affected individuals.
Acceptability of Multilevel Sexual Health Interventions and Sexually Transmitted Infection Screening and Testing Among Persons With HIV Across Three Clinical Sites in Florida
Authors: Manavalan Preeti , Gadkowski L. Beth , Sachdeva Archie , Guha Subharup , Porvasnik Stacy , Nelson John A. , Janelle Jennifer W. 
Published: November 2024

Introduction:
The US state of Florida has the third highest rate of HIV and high rates of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) indicating critical HIV and STI prevention needs remain unmet. To address gaps in the STI care continuum in people with HIV (PWH), evidence-based interventions were implemented across 3 Ryan White HIV/AIDS Program (RWHAP)-funded clinics in Florida between August 2020 and August 2021. Interventions included comprehensive sexual health history (SHH) taking using audio computer–assisted self-interview (ACASI) software, self-collected extragenital gonorrhea and chlamydia testing, and the introduction of a lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ+) welcoming environment.

Methods:
We (1) assessed the acceptability of these interventions and examined if acceptability differed among youth and sexual, racial, and ethnic minorities; (2) determined the proportion of appropriate STI testing completed based on the SHH assessment; (3) examined whether STI at-risk individuals underwent STI screening 3–6 months after initial evaluation; and (4) determined the proportion of positive STI test results among priority intervention groups in Florida.

Results:
Acceptability of all interventions was high. Youth, lesbian, gay, and bisexual, and Hispanic individuals were significantly more likely to notice and like LGTBQ+ welcoming measures. The proportion of recommended tests completed was high, although only a subset of at-risk individuals completed rescreening. About 11.9% of rectal samples were positive for chlamydia, and 6.5% of pharyngeal samples were positive for gonorrhea.

Conclusions:
Our study highlights the importance of incorporating comprehensive sexual health care protocols, including extragenital STI testing, into the overall care of PWH.
Internally Submerged, Tapered, Bone-level Dental Implants in the Anterior Esthetic Region
Authors: Sodnom-Ish Buyanbileg , Eo Mi Young , Mustakim Kezia Rachellea , Myoung Hoon , Kim Soung Min 
Published: November 2024

Background:
Aesthetics is a crucial consideration in the anterior region, alongside dental implant survival and marginal bone loss (MBL). Bone-level implants are advantageous in the esthetic zone as they create a natural emergence profile with the use of customized abutments. This study aimed to assess the esthetic outcomes of internally submerged, tapered, bone-level dental implants and to evaluate associated alveolar bone changes.

Methods:
Patients received Luna implants (Shinhung, Seoul, Korea) from 2012 to 2020. MBL was measured immediately after surgery and at 3-month, 6-month, and 1-year follow-ups. Pink and White Esthetic Scores (PES/WES) were evaluated after final restoration and at 6-month and 12-month follow-ups using standardized photographs.

Results:
Seventy-eight patients (37 males, 41 females) with a mean age of 73.42 years met the study’s inclusion criteria. At the 1-year follow-up, the mean MBL was 0.39 ± 0.74 mm on the mesial aspect and −0.09 ± 0.97 mm on the distal aspect. A statistically significant difference in MBL on the mesial aspect was observed between immediate functional loading and the 12-month follow-up (P = 0.029). All implants achieved PES/WES scores of 6 or higher, meeting the threshold for clinical acceptance.

Conclusions:
Within the study’s limitations, Luna implants demonstrated satisfactory esthetic outcomes and stable bone levels. The results support their use as a viable option for implant placement in the anterior esthetic zone, ensuring both aesthetic and functional success.
Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Nasopharynx
Authors: Li Fengzhen , Cha Xudong , Wang Wenwen , Li Tengfei , Wang Shenglei , Xie Yingqi , Xiong Changhai , Ren Wenwen , Liu Huanhai 
Published: November 2024

Background:
Nasopharyngeal malignant tumors were relatively rare head and neck tumors with a low global incidence. There were various pathologic types of nasopharyngeal malignant tumors, and small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (SCNEC) was a highly malignant subtype with rapid growth and early metastasis. SCNEC was rare in the nasopharynx, and its clinical presentation and treatment strategy were different from other types of nasopharyngeal malignancies, posing a challenge to clinicians. Therefore, a comprehensive analysis of its diagnosis and treatment was essential.

Case presentations:
In February 2024, a 32-year-old male presented with nasal congestion, right ear stuffiness, right ear hearing loss, and right ear pain. Electron nasopharyngoscopy and nasopharyngeal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a large tumor in the nasopharynx. Pathologic examination confirmed the pathologic type as SCNEC. The patient was finally diagnosed with SCNEC. After chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and radiotherapy, the tumor size was significantly reduced, and the clinical symptoms were significantly improved.

Conclusion:
This case provided insights into the diagnosis and treatment of nasopharyngeal malignancies, particularly for a rare pathologic type (SCNEC), potentially enhancing the overall understanding of the disease.