bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reconfigurable cable-driven parallel mechanism design: physical constraints and control
Authors: Khoshbin Elham , Otis Martin J.-D. , Meziane Ramy 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe cable-driven parallel mechanism (CDPM) is known as an interesting application in industry to pick and place objects owing to its advantages such as large workspaces. In addition to the advantages of this mechanism, there are some challenges to improving performance by considering constraints in different components, such as the behavior of cables, shape, size of the end effector and base, and model of pulleys and actuators. Moreover, the impact of online geometry reconfiguration must be analyzed. This paper demonstrates the impact of these constraints on the performance of reconfigurable CDPM. The methodology is based on the systematic review and meta-analysis guidelines to report the results. The databases used to find the papers are extracted from Scopus and Google Scholar, using related keywords. As a result, the impact of physical constraints on system performance is discussed. A total of 90 and 37 articles are selected, respectively. After removing duplicates and unrelated papers, 88 studies that met the inclusion criteria are selected for review. Even when considering the physical constraints in modeling the mechanism, simplifications in designing a model for the reconfigurable CDPM generate errors. There is a gap in designing high-performance controllers to track desired trajectories while reconfiguring the geometry, and the satisfaction of physical constraints needs to be satisfied. In conclusion, this review presents several constraints in designing a controller to track desired trajectories and improve performance in future work. This paper presents an integrated controller architecture that includes physical constraints and predictive control.
The performance of a new rapid interferon gamma release assay based on fluorescence immunochromatography for Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection testing in village doctors in China
Authors: Cao Xuefang , Chen Yanxiao , Xin Henan , Du Jiang , Feng Boxuan , He Yijun , Guo Tonglei , Shen Lingyu , Di Yuanzhi , Liang Jianguo , Li Zihan , Zhang Bin , Wang Dakuan , Liu Zisen , Duan Weitao , Jin Qi , Gao Lei 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The AIMTB rapid test assay is an emerging test, which adopted a fluorescence immunochromatographic assay to measure interferon-γ (IFN-γ) production following stimulation of effector memory T cells in whole blood by mycobacterial proteins. The aim of this article was to explore the ability of AIMTB rapid test assay in detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infection compared with the widely applied QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus (QFT-Plus) test among rural doctors in China. In total, 511 participants were included in the survey. The concordance between the QFT-Plus test and the AIMTB rapid test assay was 94.47% with a Cohen’s kappa coefficient (κ) of 0.84 (95% CI, 0.79–0.90). Improved concordance between the two tests was observed in males and in participants with 26 or more years of service as rural doctors. The quantitative values of the QFT-Plus test was higher in individuals with a result of QFT-Plus-/AIMTB+ as compared to those with a result of QFT-Plus-/AIMTB- (p < 0.001). Overall, our study found that there was an excellent consistency between the AIMTB rapid test assay and the QFT-Plus test in a Chinese population. As the AIMTB rapid test assay is fast and easy to operate, it has the potential to improve latent tuberculosis infection testing and treatment at the community level in resource-limited settings.
Prevalence and prognosis of tinnitus in post-COVID-19 patients: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Mao Shihang , Gu Dantong , Wang Di , Li Peifan , Huang Xiaoling , Yin Haoning , Sun Shan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Recent developments have indicated a potential association between tinnitus and COVID-19. The study aimed to understand tinnitus following COVID-19 by examining its severity, recovery prospects, and connection to other lasting COVID-19 effects. Involving 1331 former COVID-19 patients, the online survey assessed tinnitus severity, cognitive issues, and medical background. Of the participants, 27.9% reported tinnitus after infection. Findings showed that as tinnitus severity increased, the chances of natural recovery fell, with more individuals experiencing ongoing symptoms (p < 0.001). Those with the Grade II mild tinnitus (OR = 3.68; CI = 1.89–7.32; p = 0.002), Grade III tinnitus (OR = 3.70; CI = 1.94–7.22; p < 0.001), Grade IV (OR = 6.83; CI = 3.73–12.91; p < 0.001), and a history of tinnitus (OR = 1.96; CI = 1.08–3.64; p = 0.03) had poorer recovery outcomes. Grade IV cases were most common (33.2%), and severe tinnitus was strongly associated with the risk of developing long-term hearing loss, anxiety, and emotional disorders (p < 0.001). The study concludes that severe post-COVID tinnitus correlates with a worse prognosis and potential hearing loss, suggesting the need for attentive treatment and management of severe cases.
New data about the use of coinage in Late Antique Tridentum (Trento, Italy)
Authors: Conejo Delgado Noé 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In 2003, rescue excavations at Piazzeta dell'Anfiteatro, Trento, identified an extramural funerary area dated to the 5th c. CE. The necropolis yielded 45 coins (3rd–5th c.), most of which were involuntary losses. Owing to the sound stratigraphy of the site, these coins present a reliable sample of coinage circulating in Tridentum during the 5th c. This study presents a brief synthesis of the transformations undergone by the Late Antique city, so as to understand the dynamics attested in Piazzeta dell'Anfiteatro, a description of the stratigraphic units that contained coins, and a detailed analysis of the coins from several perspectives. The aim is to improve our understanding of the Late Antique monetary history of the city and Trentino's territory.
Can Autocracy Handle Climate Change?
Authors: Shen Shiran Victoria 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTExisting literature on climate politics predominantly concentrates on democracies. However, there is a pressing need to examine how authoritarian regimes respond to climate change, given their growing impact on global carbon emissions and their populations’ acute climate vulnerability. Extant research often assumes that authoritarian regimes have inherent advantages in addressing climate change, leading to overly optimistic perspectives on their capabilities. This study highlights the necessity of qualifying those assumptions and evaluates the comparative advantages and disadvantages of autocracies relative to democracies throughout the policy process: policy formulation (or outputs), implementation, and outcomes. I argue that whereas climate-conscious autocracies may efficiently produce policy outputs based on scientific evidence, they often face more challenges related to information about local enforcement during implementation. This may result in greater hurdles than democracies, even with adequate state capacity and monitoring infrastructure. Furthermore, this analysis contends that a country’s developmental stage, rather than its regime type, is related more directly to the effectiveness of translating implementation efforts into tangible policy outcomes. Therefore, this article posits that the political science discourse, which often juxtaposes democracies with autocracies, should expand its scope to better understand how a country’s developmental level influences the success of its climate strategies.
Design, modeling, and preliminary evaluation of a 3D-printed wrist–hand grasping orthosis for stroke survivors
Authors: Ledoux Elissa D. , Barth Eric J. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Stroke causes neurological and physical impairment in millions of people around the world every year. To better comprehend the upper-limb needs and challenges stroke survivors face and the issues associated with existing technology and formulate ideas for a technological solution, the authors conversed with 153 members of the ecosystem (60 neuro patients, 30 caregivers, and 63 medical providers). Patients fell into two populations depending on their upper-limb impairment: spastic (stiff, clenched hands) and flaccid (limp hands). For this work, the authors chose to focus on the second category and developed a set of design constraints based on the information collected through customer discovery. With these in mind, they designed and prototyped a 3D-printed powered wrist–hand grasping orthosis (exoskeleton) to aid in recovery. The orthosis is easily custom-sized based on two parameters and derived anatomical relationships. The researchers tested the prototype on a survivor of stroke and modeled the kinematic behavior of the orthosis with and without load. The prototype neared or exceeded the target design constraints and was able to grasp objects consistently and stably, as well as exercise the patients’ hands. In particular, donning time was only 42 s, as compared to the next fastest time of 3 min reported in literature. This device has the potential for effective neurorehabilitation in a home setting, and it lays the foundation for clinical trials and further device development.
An Analytical Formulation for Correcting the Relative Permeability of Gas‐Water Flow in Propped Fractures Considering the Effect of Brinkman Flow
Authors: Li Qingquan , Teng Bailu , Luo Wanjing , Wang Qian , Yang Yongpeng , Zhang Xuanming 
Published: November 2024

AbstractGas‐water flow in propped fractures can be commonly observed in various practical applications, including hydrocarbon development, geothermal exploitation, contaminant transport, and geological carbon storage. The fluid flow in a propped fracture can be regarded as Darcy type if only the resistance from the propping materials (e.g., cement in natural fractures and proppant‐pack in hydraulic fractures) accounts. However, if the fracture width is sufficiently small, the extra resistance from the viscous shear of fracture walls cannot be neglected, resulting in the appearance of Brinkman flow. In practice, during the development of a naturally fractured aquifer or a hydraulicly fractured hydrocarbon reservoir, the fracture width will be significantly reduced as the production proceeds. Therefore, the Brinkman flow can impose a strong effect on the fluid transportation within the fractures. However, the existing study about the two‐phase Brinkman flow in propped fractures is still far from adequate. In this work, on the basis of a modified two‐phase Brinkman equation, the authors derive a novel analytical formulation to correct the relative permeability of gas‐water two‐phase flow in propped fractures to account for the Brinkman effect. With the aid of the proposed formulation, the authors carry out a comprehensive investigation of the influence of Brinkman flow on the effective gas‐water relative permeability and well performance. The calculated results show that the effect of Brinkman flow on the water phase (or gas phase) transportation is more significant with a larger water (or gas) saturation. A narrower propped fracture is more likely to induce Brinkman flow, thus leading to a lower relative permeability for both water and gas phases. As the propping‐material permeability is increased, the fluid transportation bears more severe viscous drag from fracture walls, and the relative permeability will be consequently reduced. Only if the fracture width is significantly reduced during the production, the Brinkman flow demonstrates its influence on the well performance. Otherwise, Darcy's law can provide sufficiently accurate results in characterizing the two‐phase flow in propped fractures.
Upstream Oil and Gas Production and Community COVID‐19 Case and Mortality Rates in California, USA
Authors: Archer Helena , González David J. X. , Walsh Julia , English Paul , Reynolds Peggy , Boscardin W. John , Carpenter Catherine , Morello‐Frosch Rachel 
Published: November 2024

AbstractHigher concentrations of ambient air pollutants, including PM2.5 and NO2, and other pollutants have been found near active oil and gas wells and may be associated with adverse COVID‐19 outcomes. We assessed whether residential exposure to nearby oil and gas production was associated with higher rates of the respiratory infection COVID‐19 and related mortality using a population‐based ecological study in California. Using gridded population estimates, we estimated area‐level exposure to annual average oil and gas production volume from active wells within 1 kilometer (km) of populated areas within census block groups from 2018 to 2020. We geocoded confirmed cases and associated deaths to assess block group case and mortality rates from COVID‐19 from February 2020 to January 2021. We fit hierarchical Poisson models with individual and area covariates (e.g., age, sex, socioeconomic disadvantage), and included time and other interactions to assess additional variation (e.g., testing, reporting rates). In the first 4 months of the study period (February–May 2020), block groups in the highest tertile of oil and gas production exposure had 34% higher case rates (IRR: 1.34 95% CI: 1.20, 1.49) and 55% higher mortality rates (MRR: 1.52 95%: CI: 1.14, 2.03) than those with no estimated production, after accounting for area‐level covariates. Over the entire study period, we observed moderately higher mortality rates in the highest group (MRR: 1.16 95%: CI: 1.01, 1.33) and null associations for case rates.
Unraveling the Geodynamic Evolution of the Pre– and Early–Andean Margin: Insights From Numerical Modeling
Authors: Arvizu Harim , Manea Vlad Constantin , Oliveros Verónica , Vásquez Paulina 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAn outstanding question in the geological evolution of the Chilean Andes is the cause of the westward shift and relocation of magmatism from the High Andes (HA) to the Coastal Cordillera (CC) during the Late Triassic, Pre–Andean stage. The spatiotemporal distribution of Permian–Triassic–Jurassic igneous rocks in northern‐central Chile (20°S–32°S) reveals a significant westward magmatic shift of ∼120 km during the Norian time. Despite diverse proposed models, the precise geodynamic mechanism behind this shift remains unclear. To address this, we used 2D numerical modeling to investigate two contrasting scenarios: (a) subduction rollback and (b) subduction transference/jump and reinitiation by terrane accretion. Our modeling results strongly support Scenario B, where mantle density and the size of the oceanic plateau are crucial for triggering subduction jump and reinitiation. This model aligns with geological and geophysical evidence and offers new insights into unraveling the Pre– and Early–Andean evolution.
Discriminating Landslide Waveforms in Continuous Seismic Data Using Power Spectral Density Analysis
Authors: Rekapalli Rajesh , Yezarla Mahesh , Rao N. Purnachandra 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDiscriminating landslides from other events in seismic records is challenging due to unclear phases and overlapped frequency content. We analyze the seismic waveform power spectral density (PSD) and its skewness to discriminate landslides from earthquakes and background noise. By comparing PSDs of landslides with small‐magnitude earthquakes and noise in the Alaskan region, we find distinct power decay trends in the 0.01–5 Hz frequency range. The method was successfully tested on the seismic waveforms of seven global landslides. Further, the statistical significance of the approach was tested on 835 landslide waveforms using probability density, skewness and crosscorrelation of waveform PSD. This novel integration of seismic waveform PSDs and their skewness analysis is found to be robust and statistically significant for automatic landslide detection in continuous seismic data, with vast potential for early warning through real‐time seismic networks.
Spatiotemporal Topic Modeling Reveals Storm‐Driven Advection and Stirring Control Plankton Community Variability in an Open Ocean Eddy
Authors: San Soucie John E. , Girdhar Yogesh , Johnson Leah , Peacock Emily E. , Shalapyonok Alexi , Sosik Heidi M. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPhytoplankton communities in the open ocean are high‐dimensional, sparse, and spatiotemporally heterogeneous. The advent of automated imaging systems has enabled high‐resolution observation of these communities, but the amounts of data and their statistical properties make analysis with traditional approaches challenging. Spatiotemporal topic models offer an unsupervised and interpretable approach to dimensionality reduction of sparse, high‐dimensional categorical data. Here we use topic modeling to analyze neural‐network‐classified phytoplankton imagery taken in and around a retentive eddy during the 2021 North Atlantic EXport Processes in the Ocean from Remote Sensing (EXPORTS) field campaign. We investigate the role physical‐biological interactions play in altering plankton community composition within the eddy. Analysis of a water mass mixing framework suggests that storm‐driven surface advection and stirring were major drivers of the progression of the eddy plankton community away from a diatom bloom over the course of the cruise.
Comprehensive snapshots of natural killer cells functions, signaling, molecular mechanisms and clinical utilization
Authors: Chen Sumei , Zhu Haitao , Jounaidi Youssef 
Published: November 2024

AbstractNatural killer (NK) cells, initially identified for their rapid virus-infected and leukemia cell killing and tumor destruction, are pivotal in immunity. They exhibit multifaceted roles in cancer, viral infections, autoimmunity, pregnancy, wound healing, and more. Derived from a common lymphoid progenitor, they lack CD3, B-cell, or T-cell receptors but wield high cytotoxicity via perforin and granzymes. NK cells orchestrate immune responses, secreting inflammatory IFNγ or immunosuppressive TGFβ and IL-10. CD56dimand CD56brightNK cells execute cytotoxicity, while CD56brightcells also regulate immunity. However, beyond the CD56 dichotomy, detailed phenotypic diversity reveals many functional subsets that may not be optimal for cancer immunotherapy. In this review, we provide comprehensive and detailed snapshots of NK cells’ functions and states of activation and inhibitions in cancer, autoimmunity, angiogenesis, wound healing, pregnancy and fertility, aging, and senescence mediated by complex signaling and ligand-receptor interactions, including the impact of the environment. As the use of engineered NK cells for cancer immunotherapy accelerates, often in the footsteps of T-cell-derived engineering, we examine the interactions of NK cells with other immune effectors and relevant signaling and the limitations in the tumor microenvironment, intending to understand how to enhance their cytolytic activities specifically for cancer immunotherapy.
Targeting of TAMs: can we be more clever than cancer cells?
Authors: Kzhyshkowska Julia , Shen Jiaxin , Larionova Irina 
Published: November 2024

АbstractWith increasing incidence and geography, cancer is one of the leading causes of death, reduced quality of life and disability worldwide. Principal progress in the development of new anticancer therapies, in improving the efficiency of immunotherapeutic tools, and in the personification of conventional therapies needs to consider cancer-specific and patient-specific programming of innate immunity. Intratumoral TAMs and their precursors, resident macrophages and monocytes, are principal regulators of tumor progression and therapy resistance. Our review summarizes the accumulated evidence for the subpopulations of TAMs and their increasing number of biomarkers, indicating their predictive value for the clinical parameters of carcinogenesis and therapy resistance, with a focus on solid cancers of non-infectious etiology. We present the state-of-the-art knowledge about the tumor-supporting functions of TAMs at all stages of tumor progression and highlight biomarkers, recently identified by single-cell and spatial analytical methods, that discriminate between tumor-promoting and tumor-inhibiting TAMs, where both subtypes express a combination of prototype M1 and M2 genes. Our review focuses on novel mechanisms involved in the crosstalk among epigenetic, signaling, transcriptional and metabolic pathways in TAMs. Particular attention has been given to the recently identified link between cancer cell metabolism and the epigenetic programming of TAMs by histone lactylation, which can be responsible for the unlimited protumoral programming of TAMs. Finally, we explain how TAMs interfere with currently used anticancer therapeutics and summarize the most advanced data from clinical trials, which we divide into four categories: inhibition of TAM survival and differentiation, inhibition of monocyte/TAM recruitment into tumors, functional reprogramming of TAMs, and genetic enhancement of macrophages.
Critical and differential roles of eIF4A1 and eIF4A2 in B-cell development and function
Authors: Du Ying , Xie Jun , Liu Dewang , Zhao Jiayi , Chen Pengda , He Xiaoyu , Hong Peicheng , Fu Yubing , Hong Yazhen , Liu Wen-Hsien , Xiao Changchun 
Published: November 2024

AbstractEukaryotic initiation factor 4 A (eIF4A) plays critical roles during translation initiation of cellular mRNAs by forming the cap-binding eIF4F complex, recruiting the 40S small ribosome subunit, and scanning the 5’ untranslated region (5’ UTR) for the start codon. eIF4A1 and eIF4A2, two isoforms of eIF4A, are highly conserved and exchange freely within eIF4F complexes. The understanding of their biological and molecular functions remains incomplete if not fragmentary. In this study, we showed that eIF4A1 and eIF4A2 exhibit different expression patterns during B-cell development and activation. Mouse genetic analyses showed that they play critical but differential roles during B-cell development and humoral immune responses. While eIF4A1 controls global protein synthesis, eIF4A2 regulates the biogenesis of 18S ribosomal RNA and the 40S ribosome subunit. This study demonstrates the distinct cellular and molecular functions of eIF4A1 and eIF4A2 and reveals a new role of eIF4A2 in controlling 40S ribosome biogenesis.
How grid reinforcement costs differ by the income of electric vehicle users
Authors: Steinbach Sarah A. , Blaschke Maximilian J. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe simultaneous charging of many electric vehicles in future mobility scenarios may lead to peaks and overloads threatening grid stability. The necessary infrastructure investments vary by the number and model type of vehicles driven and the residents’ charging preferences. These attributes significantly depend on socio-economic factors such as income. Using power flow simulations based on real-life driving profiles, we predict massive cost asymmetries with an investment demand up to 33-fold in higher-income compared to lower-income neighborhoods. Many grid operators may redistribute these costs through an across-the-board electricity price increase for all households. In times of rising electricity prices, these unwanted inequitable costing allocations could lead to severe challenges and energy poverty. Policymakers should consider countermeasures like dynamic electricity pricing schemes, income-based electric vehicle subsidies, or improved charging network access to ensure energy equity in future mobility scenarios. Our analysis of the impact of socio-economic factors on electric vehicle grid infrastructure and their quantification contributes to the energy equity discussion.