bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel 2,3-disubstituted Benzofuran Analogues of GABA as Neurotropic Agents
Authors: Coaviche-Yoval Arturo , Luna Héctor , Tovar-Miranda Ricardo , Soriano-Ursúa Marvin A. , Trujillo-Ferrara José G. 
Published: May 2018

Background:
Benzofurans are heterocyclic compounds with neurotropic activity. Some
have been developed for the treatment of acute and degenerative neuronal injuries.

Objective:
The study aimed to evaluate the in silico binding of some promising benzofurans on the
GABA receptors, and the in vivo neurotropic activity of benzofuran analogues (BZF 6-10) of
gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) on a seizure model.
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Methods: The ligands with the best physicochemical attributes were docked on two GABA receptors
(the alpha-1 subunit of GABAA-R and GBR1 subunit of GABAB-R). Selected benzofuran derivatives
were synthesized by a multistep procedure and characterized. To examine the neurotropic
effects, mice were pretreated with different concentrations of the compounds prior to PTZ- or 4-
AP-induced seizures. We assessed acute toxicity, motor behavior, and the effects on seizures.

Results:
The tested ligands that complied with Lipinski’s rule of five were tested in silico with
GABAA-R (ΔG = -5.51 to -5.84 kcal/mol) at the allosteric site for benzodiazepines. They bound to
a similar cluster of residues as the reference compound (gaboxadol, ΔG = -5.51 kcal/mol).
Synthesis was achieved with good overall yields (42-9.7%). Two compounds were selected for
biological tests (BZF-7 and rac-BZF-10) on a mouse model of seizures, induced by pentylenetetrazol
(PTZ) or 4-aminopyridine (4-AP). PTZ-induced seizures are associated with GABA receptors,
and those 4-AP-induced with the blockage of the delayed rectifier-type potassium channel,
which promotes the release of the NMDA-sensitive glutamatergic ionotropic receptor and other
neurotransmitters. The biological assays demonstrated that BZF-7 and rac-BZF-10 do not protect
against seizures. Indeed, BZF-7 increased the number of PTZ-induced seizures and decreased latency
time. The 4-AP model apparently showed a potentiation of seizure effects after administration
of the BZF-analogues, evidenced by the incidence and severity of the seizures and reduced
latency time.

Conclusion:
The results suggest that the test compounds are GABAergic antagonists with stimulatory
activity on the CNS.
Comparison between Pressure Recording Analytical Method and Fick Method to Measure Cardiac Output in Pediatric Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Pittarello Demetrio , Vida Vladimiro , Di Gregorio Guido , Falasco Gianclaudio , Stellin Giovanni , Ori Carlo 
Published: May 2018

Background:
There is an increased interest in methods of objective cardiac output measurement in pediatric cardiac surgery. Several techniques are available, but have limitations, among the new technologies pressure recording analytical method with MostCare (MostCare-PRAM), a minimally invasive hemodynamic monitoring system, represents a novel arterial pulse contour method that does not require calibration. For this reason, we compared the MostCare-PRAM vs the Fick method for estimation of cardiac output.

Methods:
We studied prospectively 13 pediatric patients who underwent cardiac surgery and compared intraoperatively Cardiac Index (CI) measured with the MostCare-PRAM with the CI measured with the Fick method. We also measured Cardiac Cycle Efficiency (CCE) and maximal arterial pressure/time ratio (dp/dt max) and compared with Fick method.

Results:
The data showed good agreement between CI Fick and CI MostCare-PRAM (r = 0.93 and R2= 0.86; p < 0.0001) and also between CCE (r = 0.82 and R2 = 0.67; p < 0.001) and dp/dt (r = 0.84; R2 = 0.81; p < 0.001) with CI measured with Fick method.

Conclusion:
In pediatric patients submitted to cardiac surgery, the MostCare-PRAM seems to estimate CI with a good level of agreement with the Fick method measurements.
Physical activity participation in Pacific adolescent girls with a physical disability
Authors: Dickson Caroline Pamela 
Published: May 2018

Health and wellbeing is positively associated with participating in physical activity. However, the little research available suggests that Pacific adolescents with a physical disability are participating in less physical activity in comparison to other groups. Providing an understanding of participation in physical activity for Pacific adolescent girls with a physical disability may, in turn, potentially improve their lifestyles. The purpose of this qualitative research study, which was part of a larger mixed method study, was to address this issue. To increase participation, and reduce sedentary behaviours, factors influencing both participation and how non-participation needed to be considered.
A qualitative approach was used to interview seven groups of Pacific adolescent girls (aged 13-24 years) with and without their mothers and 12 providers of services to Pacific girls with a physical disability. An in depth understanding of the factors that inhibited or facilitated participation in physical activity for the Pacific girl who experiences a physical disability, was gained through the participants' stories.
The findings suggested that the girls wanted to participate in physical activity and clearly indicated the physical activities they preferred. Participation was influenced by the interaction of a variety of gender, cultural, age-related (adolescence) and socio-economic factors, together with policy and structural limitations.
To make a change, it is imperative this populace be given priority, while considering the multitude of factors which influence participation. The health and wellbeing of Pacific adolescents with a physical disability is dependent on addressing the factors identified, and a heathier lifestyle incorporating physical activity should be promoted.
Risk Factors for Groin Injury and Groin Symptoms in Elite-Level Soccer Players: A Cohort Study in the Dutch Professional Leagues
Authors: Langhout Rob , Tak Igor , van Beijsterveldt Anne-Marie , Ricken Martijn , Weir Adam , Barendrecht Maarten , Kerkhoffs Gino , Stubbe Janine 
Published: May 2018

Background Groin injury and groin symptoms are common in soccer players. The relationship of groin injury and groin symptoms to reduced hip range of motion (ROM) and previous injury is unclear. Objectives To conduct a retrospective assessment of associations between previous injury and preseason hip ROM and preseason prevalence of severe groin symptoms, and to prospectively identify risk factors for within-season groin injury. Methods During the period of 2015 to 2016, 190 players from 9 Dutch professional soccer clubs participated in this cohort study with prospective and retrospective elements. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to predict preseason severe groin symptoms, identified using the Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score, from a history of previous groin injury, general injury (minimum of 1 week in duration) in the previous season, and hip ROM. Cox regression was used to predict within-season groin injury. Results Point prevalence of severe groin symptoms was 24% and within-season incidence of groin injury was 11%. Total, training, and match groin injury incidences were 0.5, 0.2, and 2.6 injuries per 1000 playing hours, respectively. A history of more than 1 previous groin injury was associated with current severe groin symptoms (odds ratio = 3.0; 95% confidence interval: 1.0, 8.3; P = .038). General injury sustained in the previous season (ankle, knee, thigh, shoulder; median, 9 weeks of time loss) was a risk factor for groin injury (hazard ratio = 5.1; 95% confidence interval: 1.8, 14.6; P = .003). Conclusion Severe injuries in the previous season to locations other than the groin increase the risk of groin injury the next season. A history of groin injury is associated with current severe groin symptoms. Preseason hip ROM does not identify players at risk for groin injury. Level of Evidence Prevention, level 2b. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2018;48(9):704–712. Epub 23 May 2018. doi:10.2519/jospt.2018.7990
Técnica Transfisária Parcial para Plastia do Ligamento Cruzado Anterior em Idade Pediátrica
Authors: Vieira-Silva Manuel , Duarte Rui M. 
Published: May 2018

Com o aumento da participação de crianças em desportos de competição em idades cada vez mais jovens, tem-se assistido a um aumento da incidência e do diagnóstico de roturas intrasubstância do ligamento cruzado anterior. À semelhança do adulto, a instabilidade ligamentar predispõe a criança a um potencial risco de lesões meniscais e condrais com consequentes alterações degenerativas precoces. O tratamento atempado destas lesões torna-se crucial, estando a técnica cirúrgica diretamente dependente da idade fisiológica do doente. Os autores apresentam um caso clínico de rotura completa do ligamento cruzado anterior em criança esqueleticamente imatura, tratada cirurgicamente por uma técnica transfisária parcial, com excelente resultado funcional.
Recebido: 19/08/2015 - Aceite: 30/11/2015
Luxação Metacarpofalângica do Polegar na Criança
Authors: Durão Carlos 
Published: May 2018

Luxações isoladas das articulações metacarpofalângicas nas crianças são muito raras, sendo escassos os relatos na literatura. Isto pela fragilidade das físes, que pelo traumatismo associado, normalmente se separam em vez da ocorrência da luxação da articulação adjacente. Este trabalho apresenta o relato de um caso, discutindo a importância da atempada redução e as eventuais complicações descritas nestas lesões.
Recebido: 29/04/2016 - Aceite: 11/05/2016
Pneumologia: Retrospetiva do Século XX e Perspetiva para o Século XXI
Authors: Almeida Bugalho de 
Published: May 2018

A reflexão incluída neste número da Gazeta Médica, sobre as “Perspetivas da Pneumologia”, carece de duas breves considerações que possibilitem a sua contextualização.
Em primeiro lugar a escolha do tema. Compreende-se e justifica-se que incida na Pneumologia.
Não sendo uma especialidade recente, pois tem as suas raízes na Tisiologia – com uma “passagem” de três a quatro décadas pela Pneumotisologia, mas tendo desde sempre despertado enorme interesse a clínicos e investigadores, e beneficiando do inegável progresso científico e tecnológico a que temos vindo a assistir, particularmente, na segunda metade do séc XX e no atual, esperar-se-ia que, como noutras, a morbilidade e mortalidade por doenças respiratórias mostrasse, pelo menos, o início do seu declínio.
Mas os dados epidemiológicos contrariam este raciocínio e chamam-nos a atenção para o aumento da incidência e prevalência das doenças crónicas obstrutivas das vias aéreas (doença pulmonar obstrutiva crónica, asma, bronquiectasias, entre outras), das doenças neoplásicas (que poderão vir a integrar o grupo das doenças crónicas) ou no campo da infeciologia das pneumonias (que continuam a ter elevada mortalidade, particularmente nas populações de idade mais avançada). Para mencionarmos, apenas, algumas das mais frequentes.
Por outro lado, não podemos deixar de recordar que uma das características do Ser Humano é a da reflexão sobre o seu passado, sobre o caminho que percorreu, os problemas com que se deparou, os obstáculos que enfrentou e como os superou, quer no seu percurso sejam contemplados aspetos pontuais ou restritos, ou a multiplicidade dos que influenciaram a sua evolução natural.Dela procura tirar ilações e tenta perspetivar o futuro.
O tema que nos foi atribuído situa-se nesta linha de pensamento e de conduta.
Um Caso de Trombocitopenia Neonatal com Neutropenia
Authors: Marques Sónia , Lucas Mafalda , Rodrigues Ana , Ferreira Ana Rute , Carvalhosa Glória , Neto Ana Serrão 
Published: May 2018

A trombocitopenia neonatal aloimune é a causa mais comum de trombocitopenia grave neonatal. Resulta da incompatibilidade feto-materna de antigénios plaquetares, levando à produção de anticorpos maternos e destruição das plaquetas fetais durante a gravidez. A correlação entre aloanticorpos anti-HLA e neutropenia neonatal é extremamente rara, em parte pela reduzida expressão do sistema HLA leucócitos no recém-nascido. Uma vez que plaquetas e neutrófilos possuem sistema HLA, é possível que anticorpos HLA causem ambas neutropenia e trombocitopenia, embora sejam raras as citopenias combinadas. Reportamos um caso clínico de trombocitopenia neonatal aloimune associada a neutropenia aloimune.
Recebido: 30/09/2017 - Aceite: 18/10/2017
Síndrome Febril Indeterminada: O Repto do Internista
Authors: Barbosa Mário 
Published: May 2018

A síndrome febril indeterminada representa desde os primórdios da Medicina um desafio diagnóstico. Os autores relatam o caso de um homem de meia-idade, aparentemente saudável, que praticava atividades ao ar livre, admitido na nossa Unidade para esclarecimento de quadro de febre arrastada, sem foco aparente, com mais de três semanas de evolução até ao diagnóstico definitivo. Salientamos a importância da ecografia hepática no esclarecimento etiológico da síndrome febril indeterminada nos quadros com clínica frustre, e a inclusão da amebíase no diagnóstico diferencial quando o contexto epidemiológico o justifica.
Recebido: 09/12/2016 - Aceite: 04/12/2017
Sclerotic Fibroma: A Differential Diagnosis of Spontaneous Keloid
Authors: Santos Rui Pedro , Resende Cristina , Ferreira Olga , Brito Celeste 
Published: May 2018

CASE DESCRIPTIONSclerotic fibroma (SF) is a rare neoplasm first described in 1972 by Weary et al in association with Cowden syndrome.1 This rare syndrome typically manifests with mucocutaneous findings (trichilemmomas, verrucous papules in the oral mucosa, acral keratosis and sclerotic fibromas) and an increased risk for several neoplasms.1 Later, Rapini e Golitz coined the term solitary SF in the absence of Cowden syndrome.2 It is debatable whether SF is distinct lesion or a sclerotic evolutionary end-point of other conditions.3 SF manifests clinically as an asymptomatic, well-demarcated skin-colored to erythematous papule or nodule with no site or sex predilection.2,3 The authors present a healthy 56-year-old male with a pink, linear plaque located on the left shoulder slowly growing for about 20 years. He was previously treated with intralesional corticosteroids for a suspected spontaneous keloid but the patient abandoned treatment by his own initiative. [...]
REFERENCES1. Weary PE, Gorlin RJ, Gentry WC, Jr., Comer JE, Greer KE. Multiple hamartoma syndrome (Cowden’s disease). Arch Dermatol. 1972;106:682-90.2. Rapini RP, Golitz LE. Sclerotic fibromas of the skin. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1989;20:266-71.3. High WA, Stewart D, Essary LR, Kageyama NP, Hoang MP, Cockerell CJ. Sclerotic fibroma-like change in various neoplastic and inflammatory skin lesions: is sclerotic fibroma a distinct entity? J Cutan Pathol. 2004;31:373-8.
Received: 22/09/2017 - Accepted: 30/11/2017
Moving from Silos to Systems in Black Women’s Health Research
Authors: Kumanyika Shiriki 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
This special issue of Meridians offers a unique opportunity to reflect on the complexity of black women’s racialized and gendered health landscapes in light of relevant social and political contexts and conventions about: a) what constitutes research excellence, and b) how and by whom credible research is created. Throughout my forty-plus years of academic life, I have been repeatedly and sometimes painfully reminded of the importance of ongoing critical reflection on what it will take for black health researchers to generate evidence that will have major impacts on the health of black communities and individuals. US black women’s reproductive outcomes, health risk factors, disease occurrence, and survival after disease onset reflect multiple disadvantages when compared with US white women and, in some cases, with black men. These disadvantages can be understood as legacies of racially-biased and discriminatory US social and economic policies, practices, and attitudes dating back to black enslavement. Underlying causes of pervasive and persistent health disparities affecting the US black population are generally not acknowledged or are underestimated, including within academic circles. Black women’s health researchers, therefore face ongoing challenges of studying disparities in ways that take these underlying causes into account, while recognizing that such research may be met with resistance in various forms. Furthermore, research that addresses the diverse, dynamic, and intersectional causes of black women’s health problems will require multisectoral, multilevel, and interdisciplinary collaborations that extend beyond the boundaries and discipline-specific paradigms of the academic silos that typically control academic reward systems. I envision a future black women’s health research agenda that emanates from such a systems paradigm. The agenda would frame black women’s health and well-being as emerging from complex interactions among several causal factors acting at multiple levels and shifting over time. I believe that black women academics and those who link arms with us to address black women’s health issues have the capacity to succeed in generating major and long-lasting improvements in black women’s health, but only if we radically shift our approach to be systems-oriented. Current approaches may produce isolated successes, but these can easily be attenuated by the larger, unfavorable systems in which they occur. This vision is timely considering current US and global attention to social determinants of health and to achieving overall health equity. There are great opportunities, individually and (especially) collectively, to build on learnings from past decades and leverage today’s research tools to impact upon current and emerging black women’s health issues.
Cornbread, Collard Greens, and a Side of Liberation: Black Feminist Leadership and AIDS Advocacy
Authors: McLane-Davison Denise 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Black feminist epistemology and phenomenological inquiry frame a recently published research study (McLane-Davison, 2016) that offers an intimate snapshot of the lives of ten pioneering community health leaders fighting for health justice. The leadership characteristics of these women embodies a similar commitment to community and human rights as the nineteenth century, Black Women’s Club movement (Gilkes, 2001), as well as, the nineteen sixties Civil Rights (Abdullah, 2007), and Black Power (Hill-Collins, 2006) movements. When HIV/AIDS emerged, it was yet another reason to advocate for the survival of their communities. As an organic space of safety, the family kitchen is cohere intergenerational knowledge and collective identity(Beoku-Betts, 1995) provide valuable key ingredients for developing an “advocacy spirit” of Black feminist leadership (Abdullah, 2007; Hill-Collins, 2007; McLane-Davison, 2016). Being “at the table,” where decisions were made, was both necessary and obligatory for addressing the inequities of resources and health outcomes. The findings of this phenomenological study revealed the characteristics of Black feminist leadership in HIV/AIDS community work (McLane-Davison, 2013; 2016). This article answers one of the key research questions: “What value, if any, do Black women bring to the fight against HIV/AIDS?” Black feminist leadership posits that liberation is always a topic when Black women gather. Their intergenerational strategy of “stirring the pot of justice” offers innovative and liberating approaches for sustaining healthier communities.
Black Feminism Embodiment: A Theoretical Geography of Home, Healing, and Activism
Authors: Okafor Chinyere 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
This paper aims to uplift a story by a queer Black woman activist residing in Port of Spain, Trinidad. Using various narrative analysis techniques, this paper also explores the tales told to understand how queer people in the Caribbean create a home of recognition and belonging, as well as analyzing the ejects of how queer, Black, transnational sharing of stories promotes survival and activism. Utilizing a Black feminist framework, this paper seeks to interrogate homeplace for queer people of color, as well as the spaces where activism lives, how it is enacted, and what that means for positive identity formation and healing from a toxic, homophobic environment. The piece is grounded in Black feminist work such as Demonic Grounds: Black Women and the Cartographies of Struggle by Katherine McKittrick (2006) and bell hook’s (1990) “Homeplace: A Site of Resistance,” as well as other feminist texts such as Borderlands/La Frontera by Gloria Anzaldúa (1987). By highlighting Ann’s story, the goal is to analyze the impermeability of borders within spaces, identities, and activism, as well as examine the ways that geographies can be mapped onto the bodies of Black queer women and their health.
Listening as a Creative Act
Authors: Smith Jordan B. L. , Schankler Isaac , Chew Elaine 
Published: May 2018

Some important theories of music cognition, such as Lerdahl and Jackendoff’s (1983)A Generative Theory of Tonal Music, posit an archetypal listener with an ideal interpretation of musical structure, and many studies of the perception of structure focus on what different listeners have in common. However, previous experiments have revealed that listeners perceive musical structure differently, depending upon their music background and their familiarity with the piece. It is not known what other factors contribute to differences among listeners’ formal analyses, but understanding these factors may be essential to advancing our understanding of music perception.We present a case study of two listeners, with the goal of identifying the differences between their analyses, and explaining why these differences arose. These two listeners analyzed the structure of three performances, a set of improvised duets. The duets were performed by one of the listeners and Mimi (Multimodal Interaction for Musical Improvisation), a software system for human-machine improvisation. The ambiguous structure of the human-machine improvisations as well as the distinct perspectives of the listeners ensured a rich set of differences for the basis of our study.We compare the structural analyses and argue that most of the disagreements between them are attributable to the fact that the listeners paid attention to different musical features. Following the chain of causation backwards, we identify three more ultimate sources of disagreement: differences in the commitments made at the outset of a piece regarding what constitutes a fundamental structural unit, differences in the information each listener had about the performances, and differences in the analytical expectations of the listeners.