bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metric‐based pill recognition with the help of textual and visual cues
Authors: Rádli Richárd , Vörösházi Zsolt , Czúni László 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPill image recognition by machine vision can reduce the risk of taking the wrong medications, a severe healthcare problem. Automated dispensing machines or home applications both need reliable image processing techniques to compete with the problem of changing viewing conditions, large number of classes, and the similarity in pill appearance. The problem is attacked with a multi‐stream, two‐phase metric embedding neural model. To enhance the metric learning procedure, dynamic margin setting is introduced into the loss function. Moreover, it is shown that besides the visual features of drug samples, even free text of drug leaflets (processed with a natural language model) can be used to set the value of the margin in the triplet loss and thus increase the recognition accuracy of testing. Thus, besides using the conventional metric learning approach, the given discriminating features can be explicitly injected into the metric model using the NLP of the free text of pill leaflets or descriptors of images of selected pills. The performance on two datasets is analysed and a 1.6% (two‐sided) and 2.89% (one‐sided) increase in Top‐1 accuracy on the CURE dataset is reported compared to existing best results. The inference time on CPU and GPU makes the proposed model suitable for different kinds of applications in medical pill verification; moreover, the approach applies to other areas of object recognition where few‐shot problems arise. The proposed high‐level feature injection method (into a low‐level metric learning model) can also be exploited in other cases, where class features can be well described with textual or visual cues.
Enhanced skill optimization algorithm: Solution to the stochastic reactive power dispatch framework with optimal inclusion of renewable resources using large‐scale network
Authors: Khan Noor Habib , Wang Yong , Jamal Raheela , Iqbal Sheeraz , Ebeed Mohamed , Ghadi Yazeed Yasin , Elbarbary Z. M. S. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractOptimal reactive power dispatch (ORPD) is taken as a vital problem related to electric power networks for economic and control operations. Nowadays, thermal generators are no longer utilized and renewable resources (RERs) have been integrated owing to their marvellous benefits. The integration of RERs into power networks is considered as a strenuous imposition due to their uncertainties. The objective is to determine the placement of four wind and four PV units into large‐scale 118‐bus network to reduce expected power losses. The normal, lognormal, and Weibull distributions are utilized to model system uncertainties, while Monte‐Carlo simulation and reduction‐based approaches are utilized to generate the novel set of optimal scenarios. To avoid stagnation problems in skilled optimization algorithm (SOA), three strategies such as fitness‐distance balance selection, mutation, and gorilla troops‐based approaches are utilized to improve overall strength of SOA. Effectiveness of ESOA is proved via statistical and non‐parametric analysis using benchmark functions, the results are further compared with other optimization techniques. The proposed ESOA is also used to resolve the deterministic and stochastic ORPD frameworks to reduce power losses and expected power losses. By incorporation of RERs into the stochastic ORPD framework can saved the expected power losses around 24.01%.
Inference and analysis of cell‐cell communication of non‐myeloid circulating cells in late sepsis based on single‐cell RNA‐seq
Authors: Tao Yanyan , Li Miaomiao , Liu Cheng 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSepsis is a severe systemic inflammatory syndrome triggered by infection and is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in intensive care units (ICUs). Immune dysfunction is a hallmark of sepsis. In this study, the authors investigated cell‐cell communication among lymphoid‐derived leucocytes using single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐seq) to gain a deeper understanding of the underlying mechanisms in late‐stage sepsis. The authors’ findings revealed that both the number and strength of cellular interactions were elevated in septic patients compared to healthy individuals, with several pathways showing significant alterations, particularly in conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs). Notably, pathways such as CD6‐ALCAM were more activated in sepsis, potentially due to T cell suppression. This study offers new insights into the mechanisms of immunosuppression and provides potential avenues for clinical intervention in sepsis.
The GAPS programme at TNG
Authors: Naponiello L. , Bonomo A. S. , Mancini L. , Steinmeyer M.-L. , Biazzo K. , Polychroni D. , Dorn C. , Turrini D. , Lanza A. F. , Sozzetti A. , Desidera S. , Damasso M. , Collins K. A. , Carleo I. , Collins K. I. , Colombo S. , D’Arpa M. C. , Dumusque X. , González M. , Guilluy G. , Lorenzi V. , Mantovan G. , Nardiello D. , Pinamonti M. , Schwarz R.P. , Singh V. , Watkins C. N. , Zingales T. 
Published: November 2024

Context. Super-Earths and sub-Neptunes are the most common types of planets outside the Solar System and likely represent the link between terrestrial planets and gas giants. Characterizing their physical and orbital properties and studying their multiplicity are key steps in testing and understanding their formation, migration, and evolution.
Aims. We examined the star BD+00 444 (GJ 105.5, TOI-2443; V = 9.5 mag; d = 23.9 pc) in depth, with the aim of characterizing and confirming the planetary nature of its small companion, the planet candidate TOI-2443.01, which was discovered by the TESS space telescope and subsequently validated by a follow-up statistical study.
Methods. We monitored BD+00 444 with the HARPS-N spectrograph for 1.5 years to search for planet-induced radial-velocity (RV) variations, and then analyzed the RV measurements jointly with TESS and ground-based photometry.
Results. We determined that the host is a quiet K5 V star with a radius of R* = 0.631−0.014+0.013 R⊕ and a mass of M* = 0.642−0.025+0.026 M⊙. We revealed that the sub-Neptune BD+00 444 b has a radius of Rb = 2.36 ± 0.05 R⊕, a mass of Mb = 4.8 ± 1.1 M⊕, and consequently a rather low-density value of ρb = 2.00−0.45+0.49 g cm−3, which makes it compatible with both an Earth-like rocky interior with a thin H-He atmosphere and a half-rocky, half-water composition with a small amount of H-He. With an orbital period of about 15.67 days and an equilibrium temperature of about 519 K, BD+00 444 b has an estimated transmission spectroscopy metric (TSM) of 159−31+46, which makes it ideal for atmospheric follow-up with the James Webb Space Telescope. Notably, it is the second most eccentric inner transiting planet among those with well-determined eccentricities, with e = 0.302−0.035+0.051, and a mass of below 20 M⊕. We estimated that tidal forces from the host star affect both the rotation and eccentricity of planet b, and strong tidal dissipation may signal intense volcanic activity. Furthermore, our analysis suggests the presence of a sub-Neptune-mass planet candidate, BD+00 444 c, which would have an orbital period of Pc = 96.6 ± 1.4 days and a minimum mass of Mc sin i = 9.3−2.0+1.8 M⊕. With an equilibrium temperature of about 283 K, BD+00 444 c is inside the habitable zone; however, confirmation of this candidate would require further observations and stronger statistical evidence. We explored the formation and migration of both planets by means of population synthesis models, which reveal that both planets started their formation beyond the water snowline during the earliest phases of the life of their protoplanetary disk.
A parametric optimal control problem applied to daily irrigation
Authors: Lemos-Paião Ana P. , Lopes Sofia O. , de Pinho M. D. R. 
Published: November 2024

We conduct sensitivity analysis of an optimal control problem applied to agricultural irrigation. The aim is to minimize the square of the amount of irrigation water while ensuring the health grow of the crop. A crucial parameter of our model is the percentage of water loss due to deep percolation, β, a parameter hard to estimate and subject to perturbations. Thus, our problem is a parametric state constrained optimal control problem with a L2 cost. Our goal is to study how perturbations of β affect the optimal solutions of our problem using sensitivity analysis of our problem using sensitivity analysis.
To solve numerically our optimal control problem we use the direct method, transcribing the problem into a non-linear programming problem. We show how sensitivity analysis applied to the non-linear programming problem provides information on the variation of optimal solutions of the original problem in terms of β. Valid approximations of optimal solution and cost, provided by sensitivity analysis, are computed for values of β within of a certain neighbourhood. Remarkably, we show that for all β in such neighbourhood, the irrigation period is kept constant. Only the flow rate of irrigation water changes.
Afternoon kick-off, evening kick-off, or night kick-off in the first German Bundesliga – A possible Injury risk factor?
Authors: Schiffner Erik , Schoeps Dominique , Koukos Christos , Lakomek Felix , Windolf Joachim , Latz David 
Published: November 2024

Introduction: This retrospective cohort study aimed to evaluate the impact of kick-off time on the risk of injury for professional soccer players in the first German Bundesliga. It was hypothesized that late kick-off times would have a negative effect on muscle and ligament injuries to the ankle and knee. Methods: Kick-off times and injury data were collected over 5 consecutive seasons (1530 matches; 2014–2019) from two media-based registries (transfermarkt.de® und kicker.de®). The kick-off times were assorted into three groups: Afternoon kick-off between prior to 3:30 pm (988 matches), evening kick-off between 5:30 to 6:30 pm (303 matches), and night kick-off after 8 pm (239 matches). Results: A total of 1327 match injuries were recorded over 5 seasons in 510 different male elite soccer players. The injuries affected muscles in 32.1%, ankle ligaments in 7.8%, and knee ligaments in 5.6%. There was no significant difference in injury rates when comparing different kick-off time groups (p > 0.05), however, the mean of time attributed to muscle and ankle ligament injuries suffered in games with a late kick-off time was significantly longer (p < 0.05). Conclusion: This study shows that there is no significant (p > 0.05) association between three different kick-off time groups and injury risk in the first German Bundesliga. However, significant (p < 0.05) differences in the lay-off times attributed to muscle and ankle ligament injuries differed with different kick-off times assorted into the three groups. Reasons for this observation could be found in the circadian muscle rhythms and muscle fatigue.
Serum Homocysteine and Atrial Fibrillation Recurrence after Catheter
Ablation: A Meta-Analysis of 11 Cohort Studies Involving 2147
Patients
Authors: Li Biao , Zeng Fang , Zhao Qiang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe relationship between serum homocysteine (Hcy) levels and atrial fibrillation
(AF) recurrence following catheter ablation remains unclear. This meta-analysis
aims to investigate this association. Comprehensive searches in PubMed, Web of
Science, Embase, Wanfang, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI)
databases identified relevant studies published up to May 25, 2024. Cohort
studies that measured pre-ablation serum Hcy levels and reported AF recurrence
post-ablation were included. Data were analyzed using random-effects models by
incorporating the potential influence of heterogeneity, with odds ratios (ORs)
and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) calculated for the association between serum
Hcy levels and AF recurrence. Eleven retrospective cohort studies involving 2147
patients with AF who underwent catheter ablation were analyzed. Higher
pre-ablation serum Hcy levels were associated with an increased risk of AF
recurrence (OR for per 1 μmol/l increment of Hcy: 1.22, 95% CI: 1.17 to 1.28,
p<0.001; I²=0%). Additionally, studies that categorized Hcy levels also found
a higher risk of AF recurrence in patients with elevated Hcy (OR for patients
with a high versus a low serum Hcy: 2.75, 95% CI: 2.02 to 3.75, p <0.001;
I²=0%). Funnel plots and Egger’s regression test indicated low risks of
publication bias. In conclusions, elevated pre-ablation serum Hcy levels are
significantly associated with an increased risk of AF recurrence post-catheter
ablation. These findings suggest that Hcy could be a valuable biomarker for
predicting AF recurrence and may inform pre-ablation risk stratification.
Further prospective studies are warranted to confirm these results.
Utility of cholangioscopy in patients with surgically altered anatomy after percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage
Authors: Dalal Ankit , Kamat Nagesh , Patil Gaurav , Vadgaonkar Amol , Parekh Sanil , Vora Sehajad , Maydeo Amit 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSurgical therapy that alters the biliary anatomy makes endoscopic access to the biliary system difficult. These surgeries promote cholestasis, calculi development and lead to biliary stricture. Stricture resolution and removal of intrahepatic bile duct stones remain challenging.This was a retrospective analysis of prospective data from patients with altered surgical anatomy with intrahepatic bile duct stones/strictures. Percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) was attempted, followed by transhepatic SpyGlass cholangioscopy for stricture or removal of intrahepatic bile duct stones. The number of sessions, stricture dilatation, and complications were noted. A cholangiogram revealing a clear duct was a technical success, and stricture resolution was considered a clinical success. Complete ductal clearance was clinical success in those with stones. Patients with follow-up of a minimum of 6 months were included.Twenty-four patients, 16 of whom were male (66.7%), median age 41.5 years (interquartile range [IQR] 38.2–49) successfully underwent PTBD. The most common indication was biliary stricture in 13 (54.2%), followed by intrahepatic stones in six (25%) and stones with strictures in five patients (20.8%). Most patients had undergone Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy (22; 91.7%), and the level of bile duct obstruction was hilum in 20 (83.3%). The median (IQR) total bilirubin levels reduced from 6.6 (5.1–8.3) to 1.8 mg/dL (1.2–2.8) after PTBD; P <0.001. The technical success was 90.9% after a median (IQR) number of two (1.7–2) SpyGlass sessions; clinical success was 88.9% after a median of three (3–4) SpyGlass sessions. Abdominal pain (8.3%) and cholangitis (12.5%) were the complications after cholangioscopy. The median (IQR) follow-up duration was 7 months (6–8).SpyGlass cholangioscopy, although challenging, is a safe option for intrahepatic stones and strictures with excellent short-term outcomes and minimal complications.
Assessment of the Prospective Protection of Quercetin on Irradiated Submandibular Salivary Gland in Mice
Authors: Radi Nadia A. , Habba Doaa A. , Hallool Seham I. , Abd Elsamia Hanaa M. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to assess the prospective protection of quercetin on irradiated submandibular salivary gland in mice histologically and immunohistochemically.
Material and Methods Four groups of male mice were included in the study. Group Ӏ included 10 mice that will not be subjected to gamma radiation, group ӀӀ included 10 mice that will receive quercetin 50 mg/kg body weight (BW) for 30 days, group ӀӀӀ included 10 irradiated mice that will receive a dose of only 15 Gy, and group IV included 10 irradiated mice that will be given quercetin 50 mg/kg BW for 30 days prior to radiotherapy.
Results The analysis of variance (ANOVA) test revealed that the difference between all groups was extremely statistically significant (p < 0.000). Turkey's post hoc test revealed that there were no statistically significant differences between groups I and II but both groups showed statistically significant differences with groups III and IV. Also, there were statistically significant differences between groups III and IV.
Conclusions Quercetin possesses the ability to protect against radiation-induced cellular damage and maintain tissue integrity, so it holds promise as a protective agent for salivary glands against radiation-induced damage. Quercetin has promising potential therapeutic benefits for individuals undergoing radiation therapy.
The benefits of Indigenous-led social science: a mindset for Arctic sustainability
Authors: Brooks Jeffrey J. , Renick Hillary E. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe Peoples of the Arctic and Arctic health and sustainability are highly interconnected and essentially one and the same. An appropriate path to a sustainable Arctic involves a shift away from individual learning and achieving toward community leadership and the betterment of society. This article draws upon mindset theory from Western psychology and Indigenous relational accountability to propose and outline a model for achieving sustainability in the Arctic. The geographic focus is the North American Arctic. The principles of the argument and the foundations of the model may apply across the Circumpolar North. The paper is a call to action for social scientists and policy makers in the Arctic to implement an Indigenous-led and self-determined social science. Empowering and supporting Indigenous leaders and scholars to direct and conduct autonomous social science research would inherently produce well-being and sustainability for Indigenous communities and regions. The arguments are supported by an inductive analysis of peer-reviewed literature, and the model is organized and illustrated using a schematic of concentric circles. The foundational elements of the model include: Indigenous sovereignty, Indigenous ontology, Indigenous models of sustainability, and Indigenous scholarship. Environmental scientists, resource managers, and policy makers are directed to better understand, accept, and support Indigenous science as a comprehensive and valid knowledge system; change how they use key terminology in research; rethink research roles; and amend processes and timelines for research development and funding. To achieve the desired outcomes for community well-being and Arctic sustainability, Arctic social scientists should seriously consider centering Indigenous science, especially in Indigenous communities.
Durational variation across inner/outer/expanding circle varieties of English
Authors: Albrecht Sven , Ivanova Marina , Schmied Josef 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The durational variation, often referred to as speech rhythm, of outer and expanding circle varieties has often
been described as different from inner circle varieties due to L1 influence. In an attempt to quantify previous subjective
accounts, this preliminary study investigates durational variation across Kachru’s three circles, analyzing data of four inner
circle, one outer circle and three expanding circle varieties, using durational variation metrics. The results indicate that these
metrics can be used to identify the three circles in a comparative analysis of varieties, however categorizing a single variety
into one of the three circles is not possible. Furthermore, the variation in metric is not uniform across all metrics, with only
some metrics showing significant results in the statistical analysis. A future study using a more balanced sample of varieties and
speakers can bring additional insights on the descriptiveness and reliability of different metrics of durational variation.
Simulation and experimental study on temperature field and flow field of laser cladding high-temperature Ni-based alloys
Authors: Xu Pengfei , Chen Liaoyuan , Yu Tianbiao 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The multiphase liquid’s development during the laser cladding process involves complex processes such as energy input, mass input, heat transfer, multi-phase liquid flow, and rapid solidification. Based on the coupled theory of temperature field and velocity field, a multi-field coupling model for Ni-based high-temperature alloy on the surface of 40Cr has been established. Throughout the modeling procedure, the surface tension coefficient’s impact o.During the modeling process, the effect of the surface tension coefficient on the flow velocity of the molten metal in the melt pool is considered, along with the tracking of the gas/liquid free boundary through the use of the dynamic mesh technique. By comparing experimental and simulation results, it is found that the prediction error of the model ranges from −11.79% to 12.08%, demonstrating that the model has certain explanatory and predictive capabilities for laser cladding of Ni-based high-temperature alloys.
3D orthogonal woven carbon/carbon composites: micromechanical modeling and damage analysis
Authors: Gong Qin , Chen Junhong , Huang Xicheng 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This study develops a progressive damage model for three-dimensional orthogonal woven car-bon/carbon composites using a micromechanical approach. A Representative Volume Element (RVE) model with periodic boundary conditions is constructed using the finite element method. The model includes fiber bundles, the matrix, and fiber bundle/matrix interfaces. Damage initiation in the fiber bundles and matrix is determined using the Hashin criterion and the maximum stress criterion, respectively, while the stiffness degradation method describes material behavior post-failure. The interface’s mechanical behavior between the fiber bundles and the matrix is simulated using zero-thickness cohesive elements. Defects are introduced into this model using the Monte Carlo algorithm. Under various loading conditions, the predicted stress–strain curves and damage evolution closely align with experimental results, validating the model’s ef-fectiveness. The results indicate that void defects significantly impact the material’s strength and damage evolution, particularly under tensile loads. Analysis of stress–strain curves and damage states suggests that transverse damage in the matrix, interface, and fibers has a minor impact on the material’s overall strength, whereas longitudinal fiber damage is the primary cause of material failure.
Open-window MSR design with active magnetic compensation coil based on COMSOL multiphysics
Authors: Yang Zhouqiang , Cui Peiling , Li Yanbin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Magnetic shielding room (MSR) is one of the necessary equipment for measuring magnetocardiography (MCG) and magnetoencephalography (MEG). The traditional closed MSR only focuses on the indicators of the shielded magnetic field, and ignores the patient’s feelings within the MSR. In this paper, an open-window MSR is proposed to solve the problem that patients have difficulty in communicating with the outside of closed MSR and have closed fear. The simulation results show that the size and distribution trend of the residual magnetic field in the inner working area of the MSR with shield-duct and active magnetic compensation coil is similar to that of the closed MSR. The method proposed in this paper provides a way to improve the comfort of patients in MSR for measuring MCG and MEG in humans.