bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Cold Rolling on the Transformation Kinetics of Sigma- and Chi- Phases in UNS S32205 Duplex Stainless Steel
Authors: Anelli V. C. , Gauss C. , Almeida D. R. , Sandim H. R. Z. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Duplex stainless steels have very good properties including good ductility, moderate toughness and good stress corrosion cracking resistance. These properties can be severely affected by the precipitation of sigma (σ) and chi (χ) phases, in particular ductility and toughness. The effect of cold deformation on the isothermal transformation kinetics of UNS S32205 steel was investigated. The steel was cold rolled up to 64 % reduction in thickness and annealed at 850 °C from 10 min up to 4320 min (3 days). Microstructural characterization used light optical and scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and magnetic measurements. Formation of intermetallics is much faster in the cold-rolled samples. After 4320 min, samples show the same amounts of each phase for all rolling strains. Results have been validated by thermodynamic calculations.
A Quadriparametric Model to Describe the Diversity of Waves Applied to Hormonal Data
Authors: Bouchard Thomas , Klich Amna , Leiva Rene , Pyper Cecilia , Genolini Christophe , Subtil Fabien , Iwaz Jean , Ecochard René , Abdullah Saman 
Published: May 2018

Summary
Background: Even in normally cycling women, hormone level shapes may widely vary between cycles and between women. Over decades, finding ways to characterize and compare cycle hormone waves was difficult and most solutions, in particular polynomials or splines, do not correspond to physiologically meaningful parameters.
Objective: We present an original concept to characterize most hormone waves with only two parameters.
Methods: The modelling attempt considered pregnanediol-3-alpha-glucuronide (PDG) and luteinising hormone (LH) levels in 266 cycles (with ultrasound-identified ovulation day) in 99 normally fertile women aged 18 to 45. The study searched for a convenient wave description process and carried out an extended search for the best fitting density distribution.
Results: The highly flexible beta-binomial distribution offered the best fit of most hormone waves and required only two readily available and understandable wave parameters: location and scale. In bell-shaped waves (e.g., PDG curves), early peaks may be fitted with a low location parameter and a low scale parameter; plateau shapes are obtained with higher scale parameters. I-shaped, J-shaped, and U-shaped waves (sometimes the shapes of LH curves) may be fitted with high scale parameter and, respectively, low, high, and medium location parameter. These location and scale parameters will be later correlated with feminine physiological events.
Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that, with unimodal waves, complex methods (e.g., functional mixed effects models using smoothing splines, second-order growth mixture models, or functional principal-component- based methods) may be avoided. The use, application, and, especially, result interpretation of four-parameter analyses might be advantageous within the context of feminine physiological events.
Scattering Transform of Heart Rate Variability for the Prediction of Ischemic Stroke in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Abry Patrice , Wendt Herwig , Kiyono Ken , Yamamoto Yoshiharu , Watanabe Eiichi , Hayano Junichiro , Leonarduzzi Roberto 
Published: May 2018

Summary
Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is an identified risk factor for ischemic strokes (IS). AF causes a loss in atrial contractile function that favors the formation of thrombi, and thus increases the risk of stroke. Also, AF produces highly irregular and complex temporal dynamics in ventricular response RR intervals. Thus, it is hypothesized that the analysis of RR dynamics could provide predictors for IS. However, these complex and nonlinear dynamics call for the use of advanced multiscale nonlinear signal processing tools.
Objectives: The global aim is to investigate the performance of a recently-proposed multiscale and nonlinear signal processing tool, the scattering transform, in predicting IS for patients suffering from AF.
Methods: The heart rate of a cohort of 173 patients from Fujita Health University Hospital in Japan was analyzed with the scattering transform. First, p-values of Wilcoxon rank sum tests were used to identify scattering coefficients achieving significant (univariate) discrimination between patients with and without IS. Second, a multivariate procedure for feature selection and classification, the Sparse Support Vector Machine (S-SVM), was applied to predict IS.
Results: Groups of scattering coefficients, located at several time-scales, were identified as significantly higher (p-value < 0.05) in patients who developed IS than in those who did not. Though the overall predictive power of these indices remained moderate (around 60 %), it was found to be much higher when analysis was restricted to patients not taking antithrombotic treatment (around 80 %). Further, S-SVM showed that multivariate classification improves IS prediction, and also indicated that coefficients involved in classification differ for patients with and without antithrombotic treatment.
Conclusions: Scattering coefficients were found to play a significant role in predicting IS, notably for patients not receiving antithrombotic treatment. S-SVM improves IS detection performance and also provides insight on which features are important. Notably, it shows that AF patients not taking antithrombotic treatment are characterized by a slow modulation of RR dynamics in the ULF range and a faster modulation in the HF range. These modulations are significantly decreased in patients with IS, and hence have a good discriminant ability.
Detection of Reflection Features in the Neutron Star Low-mass X-Ray Binary Serpens X-1 with NICER
Authors: Ludlam R. M. , Miller J. M. , Arzoumanian Z. , Bult P. M. , Cackett E. M. , Chakrabarty D. , Dauser T. , Enoto T. , Fabian A. C. , García J. A. , Gendreau K. C. , Guillot S. , Homan J. , Jaisawal G. K. , Keek L. , Marr B. La , Malacaria C. , Markwardt C. B. , Steiner J. F. , Strohmayer T. E. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
We present Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer (NICER) observations of the neutron star (NS) low-mass X-ray binary Serpens X-1 during the early mission phase in 2017. With the high spectral sensitivity and low-energy X-ray passband of NICER, we are able to detect the Fe L line complex in addition to the signature broad, asymmetric Fe K line. We confirm the presence of these lines by comparing the NICER data to archival observations with XMM-Newton/Reflection Grating Spectrometer (RGS) and NuSTAR. Both features originate close to the innermost stable circular orbit (ISCO). When modeling the lines with the relativistic line model relline, we find that the Fe L blend requires an inner disk radius of

R
ISCO and Fe K is at

R
ISCO (errors quoted at 90%). This corresponds to a position of

km and

km for a canonical NS mass (

) and dimensionless spin value of a = 0. Additionally, we employ a new version of the relxill model tailored for NSs and determine that these features arise from a dense disk and supersolar Fe abundance.
Demonstrating the “unit hydrograph” and flow routing processes involving active student participation – a university lecture experiment
Authors: Schulz Karsten , Burgholzer Reinhard , Klotz Daniel , Wesemann Johannes , Herrnegger Mathew 
Published: May 2018

Abstract. The unit hydrograph (UH) has been one of the most widely employed
hydrological modelling techniques to predict rainfall–runoff behaviour of
hydrological catchments, and is still used to this day. Its concept is based
on the idea that a unit of effective precipitation per time unit
(e.g. mm h−1) will always lead to a specific catchment response in
runoff. Given its relevance, the UH is an important topic that is addressed
in most (engineering) hydrology courses at all academic levels. While the
principles of the UH seem to be simple and easy to understand, teaching
experiences in the past suggest strong difficulties in students' perception
of the UH theory and application. In order to facilitate a deeper understanding of the theory and
application of the UH for students, we developed a simple and cheap lecture theatre
experiment which involved active student participation. The seating of the
students in the lecture theatre represented the “hydrological catchment”
in its size and form. A set of plastic balls, prepared with a piece of
magnetic strip to be tacked to any white/black board, each represented a
unit amount of effective precipitation. The balls are evenly distributed
over the lecture theatre and routed by some given rules down the catchment
to the “catchment outlet”, where the resulting hydrograph is monitored and
illustrated at the black/white board. The experiment allowed an illustration of the underlying principles of the
UH, including stationarity, linearity, and superposition of the generated
runoff and subsequent routing. In addition, some variations of the
experimental setup extended the UH concept to demonstrate the impact of
elevation, different runoff regimes, and non-uniform precipitation events on
the resulting hydrograph. In summary, our own experience in the classroom, a first set of student
exams, as well as student feedback and formal evaluation suggest that the
integration of such an experiment deepened the learning experience by active
participation. The experiment also initialized a more experienced based
discussion of the theory and assumptions behind the UH. Finally, the
experiment was a welcome break within a 3 h lecture setting, and great fun to
prepare and run.
Development and validation of continuity measures for inpatients receiving rehabilitation care
Authors: Oliveira Sousa Silvana L. , Medina-Mirapeix Francesc , Escolar-Reina Pilar , Collins Sean M. , Lillo-Navarro M. Carmen 
Published: May 2018

Objective: The main goal of this study was to exemplify the development of a measure of continuity of care (COC) from inpatients’ perspective. This measure is focused on several aspects related to physiotherapy.Methods: A cross-sectional self-report based psychometric study was carried out in a public hospital in southeast Spain. One hundred and fifty two patients with neurological and orthopaedic disorders who received rehabilitation care during stay at hospital were included in the study. A self-report questionnaire was used to examine experiences of patients related to the three types of COC, relational, management and informational continuity. The questionnaire also includes questions about sociodemographic characteristics, patient/therapist affiliation and trust with therapist. To examine reliability were used test-retest and internal consistency. For validation analysis, there were used convergent and known group strategies.Results: Of the 19 indicators included, 13 were selected to demonstrate adequate reliability and validity. From these indicators were generated three composite measures (Relational, management and COC index) and one individual measure (Informational continuity). Test-retest reliability indicated excellent agreement (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] > 0.75) for the three indexes. The range of Cronbach’s value was from 0.60 to 0.73. Total scores of all the indexes were moderately correlated with the satisfaction scale (r > 0.30). Regarding the known groups, all indexes scores were similar for men and woman. However, significant differences were found for management index and for relational index, based on trust with therapist and patient/therapist affiliation, respectively.Conclusions: The continuity self-reported measures is a valid and reliable method to assessing the COC in hospitalized patients receiving physiotherapy.
Lo sfondo storico-iconografico dell'immagine di Cristo nel Tempietto Longobardo a Cividale.
Authors: Torp Hjalmar 
Published: May 2018

The wall-paintings in the Tempietto Longobardo di Cividale, ca. 750/760, are rendered in an unmistakable Byzantine style. They were probably made by a workshop lead by a master painter from Constantinople. As such, the paintings are important as rare evidence of figural religious art from the iconoclastic period. The technically most accomplished part of the decoration is the painting depicting Christ flanked by the archangels Michael and Gabriel in the lunette over the western door, the main entrance to the chapel. The very distinctive physiognomic type of the Christ indicates that the painter rendered a specific prototype. The article discusses parallels and traces the origin of this particular iconographic type.
In the Iconographer's studio. The fashioning of the new motif types in Pre-Iconoclastic art.
Authors: Nordhagen Per Jonas 
Published: May 2018

What was the part played by the artists (the craftsmen/painters) in the making of new iconographical types in the Early Middle Ages? Were have they given the design of what was to be illustrated all drawn up and ready for the hands of the program-makers? Or did they participate also in the work of selection from Scripture of the episode destined to be given pictorial form? This problem is rarely reflected upon in the literature on the period, yet it calls for a clarification. A cluster of newly created or revised New Testament scenes occurs in the art of Rome shortly after the year 700 A.D., a phenomenon which opens for a study of the collaboration which took place between the artists/craftsmen and the other partakers in the process of image-creation. This is the rationale for a renewed inspection of this extraordinary series of iconographical innovations, which as must be accentuated, were o leave their imprint on Byzantine art of the successive centuries.
The Ludovisi "throne", the Boston "throne" and the Warren Cup: retrospective works of forgeries?
Authors: Sande Siri 
Published: May 2018

The Ludovisi and Boston "thrones" are among the most discussed monuments in the history of art. It is here argued that certain details on the "thrones" find their closest parallel artifacts of the Augustan period such as decorative reliefs and candelabra, Arretine ware and silver work: notably the so-called Warren cup in the British Museum. The "thrones" cannot, therefore, be dated to the early Classical period. But does that mean that they are Roman retrospective works? Both the "thrones" and lately also the Warren cup have been regarded by some scholars as forgeries. The author of this article strongly suspects that all three were created in the late 19th century.
Supervivencia de empresas sociales de nueva creación. Un enfoque basado en el análisis cualitativo comparativo fsQCA
Authors: Fernández Guerrero Rafael , Revuelto Taboada Lorenzo , Simón Moya Virginia 
Published: May 2018

Las empresas sociales constituyen una realidad de la que multitud de instituciones, tanto organismos internacionales como universidades de prestigio, se han hecho eco dedicando recursos a su estudio y promoción. Actualmente, la literatura se centra, fundamentalmente, en investigar las diferencias entre emprendimiento de negocios y social, las diferentes lógicas de las empresas que, siendo sociales, persiguen fines lucrativos con el fin de obtener un sistema sostenible, o la medición del impacto del valor social que aportan. Sin embargo, poco se ha investigado aún sobre cómo afectan determinadas características del emprendedor y la empresa social a supervivencia, lo que constituye el fin de este trabajo. El estudio utiliza una muestra que oscila entre 291 y 212 empresas según el periodo considerado. Utilizando el Análisis Cualitativo Comparativo, tratamos de identificar si existe algún antecedente que sea condición necesaria para la supervivencia, así como combinaciones de antecedentes causales capaces de explicar la supervivencia. Los resultados muestran que no existe ninguna condición necesaria por sí misma y que existen diversas soluciones suficientes que varían conforme la empresa adquiere mayor madurez.
From in silico to in vitro: a trip to reveal flavonoid binding on the Rattus norvegicus Kir6.1 ATP-sensitive inward rectifier potassium channel
Authors: Trezza Alfonso , Cicaloni Vittoria , Porciatti Piera , Langella Andrea , Fusi Fabio , Saponara Simona , Spiga Ottavia 
Published: May 2018

Background
ATP-sensitive inward rectifier potassium channels (Kir), are a potassium channel family involved in many physiological processes. KATP dysfunctions are observed in several diseases such as hypoglycaemia, hyperinsulinemia, Prinzmetal angina–like symptoms, cardiovascular diseases.

Methods
A broader view of the KATP mechanism is needed in order to operate on their regulation, and in this work we clarify the structure of the Rattus norvegicus ATP-sensitive inward rectifier potassium channel 8 (Kir6.1), which has been obtained through a homology modelling procedure. Due to the medical use of flavonoids, a considerable increase in studies on their influence on human health has recently been observed, therefore our aim is to study, through computational methods, the three-dimensional (3D) conformation together with mechanism of action of Kir6.1 with three flavonoids.

Results
Computational analysis by performing molecular dynamics (MD) and docking simulation on rat 3D modelled structure have been completed, in its closed and open conformation state and in complex with Quercetin, 5-Hydroxyflavone and Rutin flavonoids. Our study showed that only Quercetin and 5-Hydroxyflavone were responsible for a significant down-regulation of the Kir6.1 activity, stabilising it in a closed conformation. This hypothesis was supported by in vitro experiments demonstrating that Quercetin and 5-Hydroxyflavone were capable to inhibit KATP currents of rat tail main artery myocytes recorded by the patch-clamp technique.

Conclusion
Combined methodological approaches, such as molecular modelling, docking and MD simulations of Kir6.1 channel, used to elucidate flavonoids intrinsic mechanism of action, are introduced, revealing a new potential druggable protein site.
Mannose and Mannose‐6‐Phosphate Receptor–Targeted Drug Delivery Systems and Their Application in Cancer Therapy
Authors: Dalle Vedove Elena , Costabile Gabriella , Merkel Olivia M. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractIn order to overcome the main disadvantages of conventional cancer therapies, which prove to be inadequate because of their lack of selectivity, the development of targeted delivery systems is one of the main focuses in anticancer research. It is repeatedly shown that decorating the surface of nanocarriers with high‐affinity targeting ligands, such as peptides or small molecules, is an effective way to selectively deliver therapeutics by enhancing their specific cellular uptake via the binding between a specific receptor and the nanosystems. Nowadays, the need of finding new potential biological targets with a high endocytic efficiency as well as a low tendency to mutate is urgent and, in this context, mannose and mannose‐6‐phosphate receptors appear promising to target anticancer drugs to cells where their expression is upregulated. Moreover, they open the path to encouraging applications in immune‐based and gene therapies as well as in theragnostic purposes. In this work, the potential of mannose‐ and mannose‐6‐phosphate‐targeted delivery systems in cancer therapy is discussed, emphasizing their broad application both in direct treatments against cancer cells with conventional chemotherapeutics or by gene therapy and also their encouraging capabilities in immunotherapy and diagnostics purposes.
Molecularly Engineered Biolubricants for Articular Cartilage
Authors: Morgese Giulia , Benetti Edmondo M. , Zenobi‐Wong Marcy 
Published: May 2018

AbstractLubrication within articular joints plays a crucial role in daily life, providing an extremely low coefficient of friction and preventing wear at the surface of the articular cartilage. Natural biomacromolecules responsible for lubrication are part of the synovial fluid and their degradation is associated with the onset of degenerative diseases, such as osteoarthritis (OA). The current absence of effective treatments for OA has captured the attention of chemists and material scientists over the last two decades, triggering the development of partially or fully synthetic biolubricants aimed to reduce friction within the joints and restore cartilage functions. Although there is still a long way to go before synthetic replacements of natural biolubricants can be applied clinically, this review highlights those formulations that meet the fundamental requirements for being efficient lubricants for articular cartilage.
High‐Definition X‐Ray Imaging of Small Gecko Skin Surface Protuberances for Digitization and 3D Printing
Authors: Green David W. , Kelly Stephen T. , Lee Kenneth Ka‐Ho , Watson Gregory S. , Watson Jolanta A. , Jung Han Sung 
Published: May 2018

AbstractA detailed analysis of zoological and botanical engineering structures reveals remarkable ideas for developing new healthcare technologies. One eclectic example is the surface microprotrusions of Gecko lizard skins, featuring nanoscale tips that engage in bacterial repulsion and killing. However, building biomimetic synthetic nanostructures in long range for technological use is hampered by the lack of concentrated digital information for 3D nano‐fabrication. For instance, standard micro‐computed tomography (µCT), confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) imaging failed to replicate gecko spinules at the nanoscale. The authors now show that the latest generation of high‐power X‐ray microscopy (Zeiss X‐Radia 810) builds high contrast images of the gecko skin surface, and following 3D digital conversion the individual spinules, in the large array, are perfectly delineated at 150 nm and clearly featured the 50 nm nanotips crucial for bacterial cell rupturing. Consequently, the authors generate stenographic (STL.) digital file formats loaded with the instructions for 3D printing and the design blueprints for soft lithography replication. A further reconstruction of the digital data is undertaken into a 3D solid object using MeshLabs, yielding biologically realistic, virtual‐world spinule arrays. In this form, the authors are able to edit the spinules for optimal killing performance against bacterial cells.