bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Characterization of Leucite Using a Diatomite Precursor
Authors: Novembre Daniela , Gimeno Domingo , Poe Brent 
Published: July 2019

AbstractLeucite is nowadays an important component in ceramic restoration systems with particular suitability to dental porcelains. The leucite synthesis from a hydrothermally-derived precursor is here presented. A silicate solution was prepared by mixing a naturally derived amorphous silica (diatomitic rock from Crotone, southern Italy) with potassium hydroxide and an aluminate solution was obtained by mixing aluminium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide. Three mixtures of varying ratios of aluminate and silicate solutions were prepared and submitted to hydrothermal treatment at 150 °C for one hour. Subsequently these hydrothermal precursors were subjected to calcination at the temperature of 1000 °C for variable time intervals, thus resulting in 3 series of syntheses. The synthesis run 3 turned out to be the best from the point of view of temporal yield showing the crystallization of the leucite after only 15 hours of heat treatment. The products of synthesis run 3 were fully characterised by Powder X-Ray Diffraction, Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry, Infrared Spectroscopy and Thermal Analysis. The amorphous phase in the synthesis powders was estimated by quantitative phase analysis using the combined Rietveld and reference intensity ratio methods. Density of leucite was also achieved by He-pycnometry. The use of a cost effective starting material such as a diatomite in the experimental route makes the process highly attractive for expansion to an industrial scale especially considering that both the chemical and physical characterizations of our leucite product are highly satisfactory. Last but not least we explain some inferences that can be obtained from this process of synthesis in order to a better understanding of some natural occurrences of leucite in geologic systems related to basaltic magmas.
Atom Probe Tomographic Imaging of PbS Quantum Dot Formation on Neodymium Clusters in Silicate Glasses
Authors: Park Won Ji , Kim Ju Eun , Lee Ho Jeong , Park Chan Gyung , Heo Jong 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe first 3-D direct observation of clusters of Nd oxide inside silicate glasses was achieved using atom probe tomography. Three-dimensional elemental maps of major chemical elements in glasses such as Si, Al, Zn and O showed no evidence of regions that had concentrations higher than the average values, whereas the Nd aggregated into regions of high concentration. Elemental maps of Nd and Pb recorded from the glasses containing PbS QDs showed highly-concentrated areas of both elements at the same locations; this result indicates that PbS QDs formation started in association with the Nd clusters.
Serum thrombospondin-2 is a candidate diagnosis biomarker for early non-small-cell lung cancer
Authors: Jiang Yi-ming , Yu Dan-lu , Hou Guo-xin , Jiang Jia-lu , Zhou Qiang , Xu Xiao-fang 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Thrombospondin-2 (THBS2) is a secreted protein overexpressed in numerous cancers and may function as a diagnostic tumor marker. The objective of the present study was to investigate the diagnostic performance of serum THBS2 in early stage non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Serum THBS2 and Cyfra21-1 level were evaluated in blood samples of 112 patients from NSCLC groups and 51 healthy control (HC) groups. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate the diagnostic significance. Serum THBS2 level was significantly up-regulated in NSCLC patients compared with healthy control subjects (P&lt;0.0001), and the postoperative THBS2 level decreased significantly (P&lt;0.0001). ROC curves analysis demonstrated that THBS2 was a comparable biomarker as Cyfra21-1 to distinguish early stage NSCLC or lung squamous cell carcinoma (SC) from healthy control subjects. And Cyfra21-1 was observed with significantly improved performances by the combination of THBS2 to distinguish early stage NSCLC (P&lt;0.05) as well as SC (P&lt;0.05) from the control subjects. In addition, THBS2 was estimated to perform well in the diagnosis of patients with Cyfra21-1-negative NSCLC (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.73). In summary, the present study suggested that serum THBS2 might be an early diagnostic biomarker for NSCLC.
Kepler Object of Interest Network
Authors: Freudenthal J. , von Essen C. , Ofir A. , Dreizler S. , Agol E. , Wedemeyer S. , Morris B. M. , Becker A. C. , Deeg H. J. , Hoyer S. , Mallonn M. , Poppenhaeger K. , Herrero E. , Ribas I. , Boumis P. , Liakos A. 
Published: July 2019

Context. The Kepler Object of Interest Network (KOINet) is a multi-site network of telescopes around the globe organised for follow-up observations of transiting planet candidate Kepler objects of interest with large transit timing variations (TTVs). The main goal of KOINet is the completion of their TTV curves as the Kepler telescope stopped observing the original Kepler field in 2013.
Aims. We ensure a comprehensive characterisation of the investigated systems by analysing Kepler data combined with new ground-based transit data using a photodynamical model. This method is applied to the Kepler-82 system leading to its first dynamic analysis.
Methods. In order to provide a coherent description of all observations simultaneously, we combine the numerical integration of the gravitational dynamics of a system over the time span of observations with a transit light curve model. To explore the model parameter space, this photodynamical model is coupled with a Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm.
Results. The Kepler-82b/c system shows sinusoidal TTVs due to their near 2:1 resonance dynamical interaction. An additional chopping effect in the TTVs of Kepler-82c hints to a further planet near the 3:2 or 3:1 resonance. We photodynamically analysed Kepler long- and short-cadence data and three new transit observations obtained by KOINet between 2014 and 2018. Our result reveals a non-transiting outer planet with a mass of mf = 20.9 ± 1.0 M⊕ near the 3:2 resonance to the outermost known planet, Kepler-82c. Furthermore, we determined the densities of planets b and c to the significantly more precise values ρb = 0.98−0.14+0.10 g cm−3 and ρc = 0.494−0.077+0.066 g cm−3.
Secreted-Osteopontin Contributes to Brown Adipogenesis In Vitro via a CD44-Dependent Pathway
Authors: Wang Mengxi , Guo Yaoyao , Zhou Yumeng , Yuan Wanwan , Li Huixia , Xiong Shaofeng , Wang Kun , Zeng Guohua , Huang Qiren 
Published: July 2019

AbstractOsteopontin (OPN), a secreted glycoprotein, is involved in various pathophysiological processes including immune response, inflammation, tumor formation, and metabolism. OPN exists in 2 forms, secreted-OPN (sOPN) and intracellular-OPN (iOPN). While they might have different biological activities, it remains largely unknown whether sOPN and iOPN induce the differentiation of brown adipocytes. To test this possibility, 3T3-L1 cells were induced by DMI induction with or without recombinant human OPN (rhOPN, 10, 50, 100, 200 μM), respectively. Meanwhile, another batch of 3T3-L1 cells were infected with Ad-GFP-ap2-OPN and followed by DMI differentiation. Subsequently, the infected cells were treated with either anti-CD44 antibody or immunoglobulin G (Ig G). Accumulation of lipid droplets was visualized by Oil red O staining and protein levels were assayed by western blotting analysis. The results showed that sOPN and not rhOPN, notably increased the accumulation of lipid droplets and the expression of brown adipocyte-related genes. Moreover, neutralization of CD44 partially abrogated the effects induced by sOPN. These data demonstrate that sOPN and not rhOPN has the capacity to induce the differentiation of white preadipocytes into brown adipocytes through a CD44-dependent mechanism. The findings might provide a potential target for sOPN to combat obesity.
Opposite Effects of Voluntary Physical Exercise on β3-Adrenergic Receptors in the White and Brown Adipose Tissue
Authors: Balagova Lucia , Graban Jan , Puhova Agnesa , Jezova Daniela 
Published: July 2019

AbstractCatecholamine effects via β3-adrenergic receptors are important for the metabolism of the adipose tissue. Physical exercise is a core component of antiobesity regimens. We have tested the hypothesis that voluntary wheel running results in enhancement of β3-adrenergic receptor gene expression in the white and brown adipose tissues. The secondary hypothesis is that dietary tryptophan depletion modifies metabolic effects of exercise. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned for sedentary and exercise groups with free access to running wheels for 3 weeks. All animals received normal control diet for 7 days. Both groups were fed either by low tryptophan (0.04%) diet or by control diet (0.2%) for next 2 weeks. The β3-adrenergic receptor mRNA levels in response to running increased in the retroperitoneal and epididymal fat pads. The gene expression of uncoupling protein-1 (UCP-1) was increased in the brown, while unchanged in the white fat tissues. Unlike control animals, the rats fed by low tryptophan diet did not exhibit a reduction of the white adipose tissue mass. Tryptophan depletion resulted in enhanced concentrations of plasma aldosterone and corticosterone, but had no influence on exercise-induced adrenal hypertrophy. No changes in β3-adrenergic receptor and cell proliferation measured by 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine incorporation in left heart ventricle were observed. The reduced β3-adrenergic receptor but not enhanced uncoupling protein-1 gene expression supports the hypothesis on hypoactive brown adipose tissue during exercise. Reduction in dietary tryptophan had no major influence on the exercise-induced changes in the metabolic parameters measured.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging or Endoscopic Ultrasonography for Detection and Surveillance of Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms in Patients with Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1?
Authors: Daskalakis Kosmas , Tsoli Marina , Alexandraki Krystallenia I. , Angelousi Anna , Chatzellis Eleftherios , Tsolakis Apostolos V. , Karoumpalis Ioannis , Kolomodi Denise , Kassi Evanthia , Kaltsas Gregory 
Published: July 2019

AbstractOur aim was to compare the clinical utility of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Endoscopic Ultrasonography (EUS) in identifying Pancreatic Neurondocrine Neoplasms (PanNENs) and monitoring size alterations in Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) patients. Thirty-one MEN1 patients with PanNENs and concurrent screening by EUS and abdominal MRI were included and 129 pancreatic lesions were detected in total. MRI detected fewer lesions than EUS (n=73 vs. 110, p=0.006). MRI sensitivity and specificity compared to EUS at 20 and 10 mm cut-offs of maximal lesion diameter were 96 and 88% (20 mm cut-off) and 90 and 82%(10 mm cut-off), respectively (concordance rates of 97 and 87% and Cohen’s kappa=0.912 and 0.718, respectively). Lesions<1 cm were more often detected with EUS (p=0.025). Data from sequential concurrent imaging on lesion growth rate [n=7 (mean±SD: 2 mm/year±3.4 mm vs. 1.9 mm/year±3.6 mm)] over a period of at least two years as well as pathology data in connection to preoperative concurrent imaging were available in a small number of patients (n=7, p=0.933 for mean differences in maximal lesion diameter). MRI of the pancreas was more readily available and less expensive than EUS in an outpatient setting. In conclusion, MRI performs well compared to EUS for the detection and subsequent surveillance of MEN1-related panNENs larger than 10 mm and seems to be cost-effective. Both modalities could be used at initial assessment and MRI alone could be utilized thereafter in patient surveillance. EUS retains its value in surgical planning and the detection of small mostly functional PanNENs.
How Does Power During Running Change when Measured at Different Time Intervals?
Authors: García-Pinillos Felipe , Soto-Hermoso Víctor M. , Latorre-Román Pedro Á. , Párraga-Montilla Juan A. , Roche-Seruendo Luis E. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis study aimed to examine how the power output changes while running at a continuous comfortable velocity on a motorized treadmill by comparing running power averaged during different time intervals. Forty-nine endurance runners performed a running protocol on a treadmill at self-selected comfortable velocity. Power output (W) was estimated with the Stryd™ power meter, and it was examined over six recording intervals within the 3-min recording period: 0–10 s, 0–20 s, 0–30 s, 0–60 s, 0–120 s and 0–180 s. The ANOVAs showed no significant differences in the magnitude of the power output between the recording intervals (p=0.276, F=1.614, partial Eta

2
=0.155). An almost perfect association was also observed in the magnitude of the power output between the recording intervals (ICC≥0.999). Bland-Altman plots revealed no heteroscedasticity of error for the power output in any of the between-intervals comparisons (r
2<0.1), although longer recording intervals yield smaller systematic bias, random errors, and narrower limits of agreement for power output. The results show that power data during running, as measured through the Stryd™ system, is a stable metric with negligible differences, in practical terms, between shorter (i. e., 10, 20, 30, 60 or 120 s) and longer recording intervals (i. e., 180 s).
Esophageal overtubes provide no benefit to safety or technical success in upper gastrointestinal tract endoscopic suturing
Authors: Storm Andrew C. , Vargas Eric J. , Matar Reem , Wong Kee Song Louis M. , Sawas Tarek , Bazerbachi Fateh , Buttar Navtej S. , Topazian Mark D. , Abu Dayyeh Barham K. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background and study aim The role of esophageal overtubes in upper gastrointestinal endoscopic suturing is unknown. This study aimed to determine whether overtube use was associated with technical success or adverse events.
Patients and methods A retrospective review of consecutive patients who underwent endoscopic suturing for various indications was performed.
Results A total of 719 patients underwent endoscopic suturing for various indications, including endoscopic bariatric procedures in 262, stent fixation in 258, defect closure in 190, and hemostasis in nine. An overtube was used in 186 procedures (25.9 %). Technical success was achieved in all cases. Minor mucosal trauma occurred in 15 cases (8.1 %) with use of an overtube, and none without an overtube (P < 0.0001). No full-thickness esophageal perforation or hemorrhage related to overtube use or the suturing device occurred.
Conclusions Endoscopic suturing can be performed safely for a variety of indications, including endoscopic bariatric procedures, defect repair, and stent fixation without an esophageal overtube. Minor esophageal mucosal trauma and equipment cost are increased when an overtube is used.
The role of the optic tectum for visually evoked orienting and evasive movements
Authors: Suzuki Daichi G. , Pérez-Fernández Juan , Wibble Tobias , Kardamakis Andreas A. , Grillner Sten 
Published: July 2019

Significance
The optic tectum (the superior colliculus in mammals) is central for visuomotor transformation in all vertebrates. Here, we investigate the mechanisms underlying the selection between approaching and evasive movements. We use an isolated eye–brain–spinal cord preparation from the lamprey that allows us to display different types of visual stimuli (e.g., looming stimuli) and, at the same time, record neural activity from specific brain regions and the behavioral output monitored through the ventral roots. We show that 2 classes of brainstem-projecting neurons in the deep layer of tectum, in interaction with local inhibitory interneurons, are responsible for the selective switch between visually triggered approaching or evasive movements. We suggest that these visual decision-making circuits are phylogenetically conserved throughout vertebrate evolution.
#shutdownjnu vs #standwithjnu
Authors: Kumar Ritesh 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn February 2016, one of the premier Universities of higher education in India, Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU), suddenly came into the limelight for allegedly raising anti-India slogans at one of the protest cultural programmes in the campus. In this paper, I present a study of the co-emergence and spread of the two opposing hashtags in the context of the controversy –#shutdownjnuand#standwithjnu. The study is based on data collected from Twitter over a period of 2 years from February 2016 – February 2018. I present a quantitative as well as qualitative analysis of the emergence and use of these two hashtags on Twitter and understand these in terms of the process of enregisterment and how conflict (and consequently aggression) became normative and conventionalised in the context of these hashtags. I also take a comparative look at the enregisterment of the two hashtags and argue that despite similar conditions, enregisterment is not guaranteed.
APMP key comparison of DC voltage at 10 V and 1.018 V
Authors: Maruyama Michitaka , Chen Shih-Fang , Kim Mun-Seog , Kim Kyu-Tae 
Published: July 2019

A key comparison of DC voltage at 10 V and 1.018 V has been conducted from 2013 to 2014 between NMIJ, CMS and KRISS. In this comparison, PJVS systems were compared via Zener travelling standards. All the results agree well to the key comparison reference values, which are provided by a conventional JVS system at KRISS, within 1 part in 107 for 10 V and 2 parts in 107 for 1.018 V, respectively.

Main text

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCEM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Linear response theory for quantum Gaussian processes
Authors: Mehboudi Mohammad , Parrondo Juan M R , Acín Antonio 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Fluctuation dissipation theorems (FDTs) connect the linear response of a physical system to a perturbation to the steady-state correlation functions. Until now, most of these theorems have been derived for finite-dimensional systems. However, many relevant physical processes are described by systems of infinite dimension in the Gaussian regime. In this work, we find a linear response theory for quantum Gaussian systems subject to time dependent Gaussian channels. In particular, we establish a FDT for the covariance matrix that connects its linear response at any time to the steady state two-time correlations. The theorem covers non-equilibrium scenarios as it does not require the steady state to be at thermal equilibrium. We further show how our results simplify the study of Gaussian systems subject to a time dependent Lindbladian master equation. Finally, we illustrate the usage of our new scheme through some examples. Due to broad generality of the Gaussian formalism, we expect our results to find an application in many physical platforms, such as opto-mechanical systems in the presence of external noise or driven quantum heat devices.
A general semiparametric Bayesian discrete-time recurrent events model
Authors: King Adam J , Weiss Robert E 
Published: July 2019

SUMMARYEvent time variables are often recorded in a discrete fashion, especially in the case of patient-reported outcomes. This work is motivated by a study of illicit drug users, in which time to drug use cessation has been recorded as a number of whole months. Existing approaches for handling such discrete data include treating the survival times as continuous (with adjustments for inevitable tied outcomes), or using discrete models that omit important features like random effects. We provide a general Bayesian discrete-time proportional hazards model, incorporating a number of features popular in continuous-time models such as competing risks and frailties. Our model also provides flexible baseline hazards for time effects, as well as generalized additive models style semiparametric incorporation of other time-varying covariates. Our specific modeling choices enable efficient Markov chain Monte Carlo inference algorithms, which we provide to the user in the form of a freely available R package called $\texttt{brea}$. We demonstrate that our model performs better on our motivating substance abuse application than existing approaches. We also present a reproducible application of the $\texttt{brea}$ software to a freely available data set from a clinical trial of anesthesia administration methods.
Degree of fragmentation and population size do not adversely affect reproductive success of a rare shrub species, Banksia nivea (Proteaceae), in a naturally fragmented community
Authors: Thavornkanlapachai Rujiporn , Byrne Margaret , Yates Colin J , Ladd Philip G 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Fragmentation of plant communities is generally considered to be detrimental to the survival of the constituent species, especially those that are rare. We investigated the effects of fragmentation on reproductive biology in nine populations of the rare taxon Banksia nivea subsp. uliginosa, differing in size and habitat context. Small mammals were the main pollinator, with lower contributions from honeybees and birds (honeyeaters). There was no significant relationship between population size, fruit set and seed germinability. Fruit set was marginally highest (25.5 ± 3.4) in medium size populations and was variable over years. Lower fruit set (1.0 ± 0.6) in the smallest population may be due to inbreeding depression or lack of pollinators in a degraded habitat, but low fruit set was also observed in the largest population despite high levels of gene flow, possibly due to low pollinator visitation rate in a low-density population. Seeds from all populations had high germination success (>93.4%). Predation occurred in up to 56% of fruit and increased with increasing population size, but was not significantly different between populations of different size. Our study provided evidence that the reproductive output in species in a naturally fragmented landscape system may be resilient to reduced population size and other influences of anthropogenic fragmentation.
Eight-day Inpatient Directly Observed Therapy for Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) Failure: A Tool For Preventing Unnecessary ART Changes and Optimizing Adherence Support
Authors: Winchester Nicole E , Maldarelli Frank , Mejia Yolanda , Dee Nicola , Dewar Robin , Laidlaw Elizabeth , Kuriakose Safia S , Stoll Pamela , Proschan Michael , Lane H Clifford , Pau Alice K 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Eight-day inpatient directly observed therapy confirmed nonadherence as the major cause of virologic failure for 9 (45%) of 20 highly treatment-experienced persons with human immunodeficiency virus, extensive antiretroviral drug resistance, and high self-reported adherence rates, preventing unnecessary regimen changes.