bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of cefoxitin for the treatment of urinary tract infection due to extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates
Authors: Senard Olivia , Bouchand Frédérique , Deconinck Laurene , Matt Morgan , Fellous Lesly , Rottman Martin , Perronne Christian , Dinh Aurélien , Davido Benjamin 
Published: November 2018

Introduction: Cefoxitin has a good in vitro activity and stability in resistance to hydrolysis by extended-spectrum beta-lactamases and is a good candidate for the treatment of urinary tract infection. However, data are scarce regarding its use in clinical practice. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study from September 2014 to November 2017, in a tertiary care hospital in Garches (France). We gathered all prescriptions of cefoxitin for urinary tract infection due to extended-spectrum beta-lactamase isolates. We compared the clinical outcomes between Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing isolates after a 90-day follow-up. When available, we assessed whether cefoxitin-based regimen was associated with an emergence of resistance. Results: The treatment of 31 patients with a mean age of 60 ± 18 years was analyzed. We observed a clinical cure of 96.7% ( n = 30/31) at day 30 and of 81.2% ( n = 13/16) and 85.7% (12/14) at day 90 for extended-spectrum beta-lactamase Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates, respectively ( p = 0.72). No adverse events were reported. One patient who relapsed carried a Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate that became intermediate to cefoxitin in the follow-up. Conclusion: In a period of major threat with a continuous increase of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase obliging to a policy of carbapenem-sparing regimens, it seems detrimental to deprive physicians of using cefoxitin for extended-spectrum beta-lactamase Enterobacteriaceae for the treatment of urinary tract infection while our data show its efficacy.
Arthroscopic Anatomic Glenoid Reconstruction: Analysis of the Learning Curve
Authors: Moga Iustin , Konstantinidis George , Coady Catherine , Ghosh Swagata , Wong Ivan Ho-Bun 
Published: November 2018

Background: Anatomic glenoid reconstruction involves the use of distal tibial allograft for bony augmentation of the glenoid surface. An all-arthroscopic approach was recently described to avoid damage to the subscapularis tendon and preserve the capsule and labrum. Purpose: To explore and compare change in surgical time between 2 proposed methods used for the treatment of anterior shoulder instability—arthroscopic anatomic glenoid reconstruction (AAGR) and arthroscopic Latarjet (AL)—over successive procedures. We also compared graft positioning on the anterior glenoid surface between the 2 methods. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: This was a single-surgeon retrospective review of 54 cases of surgically treated recurrent anterior shoulder instability: 27 had AAGR with distal tibial allograft, while the other 27 had AL. AAGR with the distal tibial allograft was the primary choice for the treatment of anterior shoulder instability; however, AL was performed when tibial allograft was not available from the bone bank. Thus, there was an overlapping period for those 2 procedures. Procedure start and end times were recorded, and duration was calculated. Postoperative 3-dimensional computed tomography scans were reviewed, and graft position was judged to be in the lower third (desired position), middle third, or upper third of the anterior glenoid surface. To assess learning, these data were organized in chronological order of surgery, and each surgical cohort was divided into 3 chronological clusters of 9 patients each. Learning was assessed through change in operative time over successive clusters, change in variability of operative time among clusters, and change in graft positioning among clusters. Statistical analysis comprised a 2-tailed independent-sample t test and the Levene test for equality of variance. Results: Our study found that AAGR was significantly faster to perform than AL in the early ( P = .001), middle ( P = .001), and late ( P = .05) clusters of each cohort. Duration of surgery did not significantly improve across clusters within each cohort ( P = .15-.79). There were no significant changes in the variability of surgical time in the AAGR group ( P = .09) or the AL group ( P = .13). Desired positioning of the bone graft on the anterior glenoid surface (lower third) was identified more commonly in the AAGR cohort. Conclusion: AAGR is faster to learn and perform than AL for the treatment of recurrent anterior shoulder instability with significant glenoid bone loss. The current study found higher rates of desired graft positioning for AAGR clusters.
When to obtain genomic data in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and which mutations matter
Authors: Roloff Gregory W. , Griffiths Elizabeth A. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractMutational profiling has fundamentally changed our approach to patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Patients with AML are routinely profiled for the presence of mutations in FLT3, NPM1, CEBPA, and, more recently, TP53. In this chapter, we review the role of mutational profiling to help define disease biology in AML, particularly among patients with putatively intermediate-risk disease. We describe the body of evidence supporting the utility of mutational profiling when performed at the time of diagnosis (to identify prognostic and targetable mutations), at the time of complete remission (to assess minimal residual disease as a marker for relapse), and at the time of relapse (to identify therapeutic targets and eligibility for clinical trials). We further identify particular mutations that have been shown to affect prognosis across the established European LeukemiaNet risk categories and discuss which mutational events might be used to alter the approach to patient care at various time points during the disease course. We also review the evidence in support of molecular profiling for assessment of minimal/measurable residual disease and describe the current landscape of studies designed to validate this approach.
Venous thromboembolism in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a Danish nationwide cohort study
Authors: Gade Inger Lise , Riddersholm Signe Juul , Christiansen Ilse , Rewes Annika , Frederiksen Mikael , Enggaard Lisbeth , Poulsen Christian Bjørn , Bergmann Olav Jonas , Gillström Dorte Balle , Pedersen Robert Schou , Nielsen Linda , Eriksen Helle Højmark , Torp-Pedersen Christian , Kristensen Søren Risom , Severinsen Marianne Tang 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is associated with inferior survival in cancer patients. The risk of VTE and its effect on survival in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients remains unclear. The present study investigated the impact of patient-related factors, CLL prognostic markers, and CLL treatment on the risk of VTE and assessed overall survival relative to VTE. All patients in the Danish National CLL Registry (2008-2015) were followed from the date of CLL diagnosis to death, VTE, emigration, or administrative censoring. Hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated using Cox models, and second primary cancers and anticoagulation treatment were included as time-varying exposures. During a median follow-up of 2.6 years, 92 VTEs occurred among 3609 CLL patients, corresponding to a total incidence rate of 8.2 VTEs per 1000 person-years (95% confidence interval [CI], 6.7-10.1). A history of VTE or second primary cancer was associated with HRs of VTE of 5.09 (95% CI, 2.82-9.17) and 3.72 (95% CI, 2.15-6.34), respectively, while β2-microglobulin &gt;4 mg/L, unmutated immunoglobulin HV and unfavorable cytogenetics had lower HRs. CLL patients with VTE had marginally higher mortality, which was most pronounced among patients &lt;60 years of age (HR, 7.74; 95% CI, 2.12-28.29). Our findings suggest that markers of unfavorable CLL prognosis contribute to an increased risk of VTE; however, previous VTE or a second primary cancer is more strongly associated with the risk of VTE than any CLL-specific marker. Focusing attention on this preventable complication may improve survival in young CLL patients.
Comparison of Genomic Driver Oncogenes in Vietnamese Patients With Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer in the United States and Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Kim-Son H. , Stehr Henning , Zhou Li , Nguyen Anh-Hoa , Hiep Pham Nhu , Van Cau Nguyen , Duy Phan Canh , Thorp Richard , Wakelee Heather A. , Diehn Maximilian , Neal Joel W. 
Published: November 2018

Purpose Discoveries of oncogenic driver alterations in non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have been accompanied by the development of effective targeted therapies. The frequencies of these mutations vary between populations but are less well characterized in the Vietnamese population. In this study, we analyzed the frequencies of lung cancer driver oncogenic alterations in Vietnamese patients compared with Vietnamese patients treated in the United States. Methods We collected data on tumor and disease characteristics of Vietnamese patients with NSCLC treated at Stanford. In addition, we collected NSCLC tumor specimens from patients with NSCLC diagnosed in Hue, Vietnam, and performed next-generation–based genotyping on these samples. The molecular and clinical characteristics of these groups were compared. Results Fifty-nine Vietnamese patients were identified at Stanford. Of the 44 patients with molecular testing results, there were 21 (47.7%) with EGFR alterations, six (13.6%) with ALK alterations, two (4.5%) with KRAS alterations, one (2.3%) with BRAF alterations, and no ROS1 or RET alterations. Across all stages, the median overall survival for patients with a tumor having a targetable genomic alteration driver mutation was 42.4 months, compared with 27.1 months for patients without such alterations. In the 45 genotyped samples from Vietnam, there were 26 (57.8%) with EGFR, 11 (24.4%) with KRAS, and one each (2.2%) with ALK, ROS1, and RET. Conclusion The majority of tumors from both Stanford and Vietnam had targetable oncogenic alterations. This suggests that routine implementation of molecular testing may have a significant, positive impact on the treatment of Vietnamese patients with NSCLC, but affordability of testing and treatments remains a barrier to adoption.
Heterogeneous exposure and hotspots for malaria vectors at three study sites in Uganda
Authors: Kang Su Yun , Battle Katherine E. , Gibson Harry S. , Cooper Laura V. , Maxwell Kilama , Kamya Moses , Lindsay Steven W. , Dorsey Grant , Greenhouse Bryan , Rodriguez-Barraquer Isabel , Reiner Robert C. Jr. , Smith David L. , Bisanzio Donal 
Published: November 2018

Background: Heterogeneity in malaria transmission has household, temporal, and spatial components. These factors are relevant for improving the efficiency of malaria control by targeting heterogeneity. To quantify variation, we analyzed mosquito counts from entomological surveillance conducted at three study sites in Uganda that varied in malaria transmission intensity. Mosquito biting or exposure is a risk factor for malaria transmission. Methods: Using a Bayesian zero-inflated negative binomial model, validated via a comprehensive simulation study, we quantified household differences in malaria vector density and examined its spatial distribution. We introduced a novel approach for identifying changes in vector abundance hotspots over time by computing the Getis-Ord statistic on ratios of household biting propensities for different scenarios. We also explored the association of household biting propensities with housing and environmental covariates. Results: In each site, there was evidence for hot and cold spots of vector abundance, and spatial patterns associated with urbanicity, elevation, or other environmental covariates. We found some differences in the hotspots in rainy vs. dry seasons or before vs. after the application of control interventions. Housing quality explained a portion of the variation among households in mosquito counts. Conclusion: This work provided an improved understanding of heterogeneity in malaria vector density at the three study sites in Uganda and offered a valuable opportunity for assessing whether interventions could be spatially targeted to be aimed at abundance hotspots which may increase malaria risk. Indoor residual spraying was shown to be a successful measure of vector control interventions in Tororo, Uganda. Cement walls, brick floors, closed eaves, screened airbricks, and tiled roofs were features of a house that had shown reduction of household biting propensity. Improvements in house quality should be recommended as a supplementary measure for malaria control reducing risk of infection.
Meta-Analysis of Organizational Trust Studies Conducted in Educational Organizations between the Years 2008-2018
Authors: Akar Huseyin 
Published: November 2018

<p style="text-align:justify">This research aims to combine the results of the studies conducted in educational organizations between the years 2008-2018 that investigated correlation between organizational trust, and organizational support, organizational citizenship, organizational justice, organizational commitment, mobbing, organizational silence, job satisfaction, organizational cynicism and ethical leadership and obtain an overall result. Within this scope, meta-analytic method was used in the study. A literature review was performed by using the concepts "trust" and "organizational trust". A total of 43 independent studies were incorporated into the research by considering the selection criteria determined by the researcher. The total sample size (teacher, academician and school administrator) is 22859. The studies included in the research were analyzed according to random effects model (REM). According to the results of the analysis, there is a high positive correlation between organizational trust, organizational justice [r = .70] and ethical leadership [r = .82]; a moderate positive correlation between organizational trust and organizational commitment [r = .51], organizational support [r = .57], organizational citizenship [r = .43] and job satisfaction [r = .61]. In addition, there was a moderate negative correlation between organizational trust, organizational cynicism [r = -.62] and organizational silence [r = -.30]; and also a low negative correlation between organizational trust and mobbing [r = -.24]. Based on these findings, the high level of organizational justice, organizational support and ethical leadership perceptions of the education stakeholders increase level of organizational trust; whereas the high level of organizational trust increases their job satisfaction, organizational citizenship behaviors and organizational commitment, and reduces organizational cynicism and organizational silence perceptions. In addition, employees' exposure to mobbing causes a decrease in organizational trust levels.</p>
The Effect of Mosaic Based Approach on Involvement Levels of Children
Authors: Akyol Tugce , Erkan Nefise Semra 
Published: November 2018

<p style="text-align:justify">This study was conducted to explore the effect of mosaic based approach on children’s involvement levels. In this study, experimental design with pre-test post-test retention control groups was adopted. A total of 52 children from two pre-schools formed the sample of this study. A total of 26 children, 11 girls and 15 boys, attending first pre-school in the afternoon formed the experimental group, and total of 26 children, 11 girls and 15 boys, attending second pre-school in the afternoon formed the control group. In this experimental design, “General Information Form” to collect information about the children and parents together with the Turkish adaptation of “Leuven Involvement Scale for Young Children” to assess children’s involvement levels. Children in the experimental children group received mosaic-based instruction 3 days weekly, for approximately 4 hour each day, for a total of 10 weeks. The data were analyzed by using the Mann Whitney U, Friedman’s Two-Way ANOVA Test and Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. The results showed that mosaic-based approach created a significant difference in the involvement levels of experimental group respectively (p<0.05).</p>
The Relationship Between Children's Exposure to Intimate Partner Violence and Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities: A Systematic Review of the Literature
Authors: Dababnah Sarah , Rizo Cynthia Fraga , Campion Karen , Downton Katherine D. , Nichols Helen M. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractChildren exposed to intimate partner violence (IPV) can experience negative social, emotional, behavioral, and academic outcomes. A growing body of research has examined the relationship between intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) and IPV exposure. We systematically reviewed the literature for research exploring this relationship and found a limited number of studies meeting inclusion criteria (N = 11). Over half (64%) identified a significant relationship between IPV and IDD, although the cross-sectional methodologies of the majority of studies (82%) prevented the ability to ascertain directionality. Further, the studies defined and measured IPV and IDD in various ways. Some studies were limited by poor external validity and small sample sizes. More research is needed to understand the intersection between IPV exposure and IDD.
The PRETEND Program: Evaluating the Feasibility of a Remote Parent-Training Intervention for Children With Prader-Willi Syndrome
Authors: Zyga Olena , Russ Sandra W. , Dimitropoulos Anastasia 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Research has shown that children with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) have social-cognitive challenges and decreased quality parent-child interactions. However, given the low prevalence rate, developing interventions for children with PWS is faced with the significant challenge of enrolling enough participants for local studies. To better understand the feasibility and acceptability of telehealth, the current study delivered a 6-week remote parent training intervention to 15 primary caregivers of a child with PWS (ages 3-6). Behavioral Intervention Rating Scale results indicate good acceptability (5.64/6.00) and satisfaction (4.75/5.00) with the intervention. These results are one of the first to support the use of telehealth in conducting parent training in rare disorders, such as PWS.
An Asymmetric Duopoly Model of Price Framing
Authors: Chioveanu Ioana 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
This note considers an asymmetric duopoly model of price-frame competition in homogeneous product markets. The firms choose simultaneously prices and price formats, and frame differentiation limits price comparability leading to consumer confusion. Here, one firm is more salient than its rival and attracts a larger share of confused consumers. In duopoly equilibrium, the firms randomize on both prices and frames, make strictly positive profits, and pricing is frame-independent. However, the prominent firm sets a higher average price and charges the monopoly price with positive probability. Higher prominence boosts expected profit for both the industry and the salient firm but may harm the rival’s expected profit.
Extraction and determination of flavonoids in Carthamus tinctorius
Authors: Ji Yubin , Guo Shizheng , Wang Bing , Yu Miao 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Carthamus tinctorius L. also known as: Acanthopanax safflower, red blue flower, it is the Compositae genus of safflower. The active ingredient of Chinese medicine safflower are flavonoids. In order to optimize the extraction method of total flavonoids, extraction with an ultrasonic extraction method, and ultraviolet spectrophotometry was used to determine the content. The results show that, the content of flavonoids in Carthamus tinctorius was 20.6mg/g. Compared with the traditional methods, the ultrasonic extraction method can shorten extraction time and reduce energy consumption.
Characterization of cement composites based on recycled cellulosic waste paper fibres
Authors: Stevulova Nadezda , Hospodarova Viola , Vaclavik Vojtech , Dvorsky Tomas , Danek Tomas 
Published: November 2018

AbstractNowadays, there is paying an attention to the utilization of natural, renewable and biodegradable resources of raw materials of lignocellulosic character, residues from agricultural crops and wood processing as well as waste from papermaking industry in building composite materials preparing. Also recycled fibres coming from waste paper are considered as valuable material. The objective of this study is to utilize these recycled cellulosic fibres into cement composites and characterise their impact on resulting physical and mechanical properties of fresh and hardened cement composites. Manufactured cement composites contained 0.2%, 0.3% and 0.5% addition of cellulosic fibres. In fresh fibre cement mixtures reduction in workability with increasing amount of cellulose fibres was noticed. Density as well as compressive and flexural strength of 28 and 90 days hardened fibre cement composites was tested. Distribution of cellulosic fibres with 0.5% addition in hardened fibre cement composites was also observed. The results of density determination of 28 and 90 days hardened fibre cement composites showed reduction in their values related to weight lighter concretes. Compressive strengths of fibre cement composites have shown decreasing character with increasing added amount of cellulosic fibres into the mixture up to 0.5%. Maximal decrease in compressive strength values was observed in composites containing 0.5% of cellulosic fibres. However, obtained strength parameter values of hardened composites had satisfying results for their application in construction as non-load bearing building material.
Independence of Artin L-functions
Authors: Cimpoeaş Mircea , Nicolae Florin 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Let

K
/
ℚ

{K/\mathbb{Q}}

be a finite Galois extension.
Let

χ
1

,
…
,

χ
r

{\chi_{1},\ldots,\chi_{r}}

be

r
≥
1

{r\geq 1}

distinct characters of the Galois group with the associated Artin L-functions

L
⁢

(
s
,

χ
1

)

,
…
,

L
⁢

(
s
,

χ
r

)

{L(s,\chi_{1}),\ldots,L(s,\chi_{r})}

.
Let

m
≥
0

{m\geq 0}

.
We prove that the derivatives

L

(
k
)

⁢

(
s
,

χ
j

)

{L^{(k)}(s,\chi_{j})}

,

1
≤
j
≤
r

{1\leq j\leq r}

,

0
≤
k
≤
m

{0\leq k\leq m}

, are linearly independent over the field of meromorphic functions of order

<
1

{<1}

.
From this it follows that the L-functions corresponding to the irreducible characters are algebraically independent over the field of meromorphic functions of order

<
1

{<1}

.