bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Removal Models Accounting for Temporary Emigration
Authors: Zhou Ming , McCrea Rachel S. , Matechou Eleni , Cole Diana J. , Griffiths Richard A. 
Published: August 2018

Summary
Removal of protected species from sites scheduled for development is often a legal requirement in order to minimize the loss of biodiversity. The assumption of closure in the classic removal model will be violated if individuals become temporarily undetectable, a phenomenon commonly exhibited by reptiles and amphibians. Temporary emigration can be modeled using a multievent framework with a partial hidden process, where the underlying state process describes the movement pattern of animals between the survey area and an area outside of the study. We present a multievent removal model within a robust design framework which allows for individuals becoming temporarily unavailable for detection. We demonstrate how to investigate parameter redundancy in the model. Results suggest the use of the robust design and certain forms of constraints overcome issues of parameter redundancy. We show which combinations of parameters are estimable when the robust design reduces to a single secondary capture occasion within each primary sampling period. Additionally, we explore the benefit of the robust design on the precision of parameters using simulation. We demonstrate that the use of the robust design is highly recommended when sampling removal data. We apply our model to removal data of common lizards, Zootoca vivipara, and for this application precision of parameter estimates is further improved using an integrated model.
Differences in infection prophylaxis measures between paediatric acute myeloid leukaemia study groups within the international Berlin–Frankfürt–Münster (I‐BFM) study group
Authors: Klein Kim , Hasle Henrik , Abrahamsson Jonas , De Moerloose Barbara , Kaspers Gertjan J. L. 
Published: August 2018

SummaryPrevention of infections is of obvious relevance in paediatric patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). However, recommendations are often non‐specific and supported by low‐quality evidence, resulting in divergent infection preventive regimens. Using a web‐based survey, we investigated the infection prophylaxis guidelines of 22 paediatric AML study groups affiliated to the international Berlin–Frankfürt–Münster study group. In order to evaluate differences in daily practice among hospitals, representatives (n = 27) from the Nordic Society for Paediatric Haematology and Oncology‐Dutch‐Belgium‐Hong Kong ‐ AML study group participated in a slightly modified survey. Seven study groups (32%) advise gram‐negative antibiotic prophylaxis, mainly with fluoroquinolones (n = 6). Gram‐positive prophylaxis is prescribed by eight groups (36%). Over 60% of the study groups prescribe food and social restrictions, but the specific topics and strictness differ widely. According to the hospital‐based survey, sites roughly comply with common study group guidelines. However, the use of any gram‐negative antibiotic prophylaxis, the specific prophylactic antifungal agent and the strictness of the food and social restrictions differ substantially between the hospitals. Despite a long history of close collaboration, many differences are still present between the affiliated groups. The results of this survey provide an appropriate baseline measure to study the emergence and impact of future guidelines on infection prophylaxis in paediatric AML.
GpTx‐1 and [Ala5, Phe6, Leu26, Arg28]GpTx‐1, two peptide NaV1.7 inhibitors: analgesic and tolerance properties at the spinal level
Authors: Chen Chao , Xu Biao , Shi Xuerui , Zhang Mengna , Zhang Qinqin , Zhang Ting , Zhao Weidong , Zhang Run , Wang Zilong , Li Ning , Fang Quan 
Published: August 2018

Background and PurposeThe voltage‐gated sodium channel NaV1.7 is considered a therapeutic target for pain treatment based on human genetic evidence. GpTx‐1 and its potent analogue [Ala5, Phe6, Leu26, Arg28]GpTx‐1 (GpTx‐1‐71) were recently characterized as NaV1.7 inhibitors in vitro. Furthermore, the present work was conducted to investigate the analgesic properties of these two peptides in different pain models after spinal administration.Experimental ApproachThe antinociceptive activities of both GpTx‐1 and GpTx‐1‐71 were investigated in mouse models of acute, visceral, inflammatory and neuropathic pain. Furthermore, the side effects of GpTx‐1 and GpTx‐1‐71 were evaluated in rotarod, antinociceptive tolerance, acute hyperlocomotion and gastrointestinal transit tests.Key ResultsThe i.t. administration of both GpTx‐1 and GpTx‐1‐71 dose‐dependently produced powerful antinociception in the different pain models. This effect was attenuated by the opioid receptor antagonist naloxone, suggesting the involvement of the opioid system. In this study, repeated administration of these two_peptides produced spinal analgesia without a loss of potency over 8 days in mouse models of acute, inflammatory and neuropathic pain. Moreover, spinal administration of GpTx‐1 and GpTx‐1‐71 did not induce significant effects on motor coordination, evoke acute hyperlocomotion or increase gastrointestinal transit time.Conclusions and ImplicationsOur data indicate that the NaV1.7 peptide inhibitors GpTx‐1 and GpTx‐1‐71 produce powerful, nontolerance‐forming analgesia in preclinical pain models, which might be dependent on the endogenous opioid system. In addition, at the spinal level, the limited side effects imply that these NaV1.7 peptide inhibitors could be potentially developed as GpTx‐1‐based drugs for pain relief.
Effects of systemic inhibitors of acid‐sensing ion channels 1 (ASIC1) against acute and chronic mechanical allodynia in a rodent model of migraine
Authors: Verkest Clément , Piquet Emilie , Diochot Sylvie , Dauvois Mélodie , Lanteri‐Minet Michel , Lingueglia Eric , Baron Anne 
Published: August 2018

Background and PurposeAcid‐sensing ion channels (ASICs) are neuronal proton sensors emerging as potential therapeutic targets in pain of the orofacial region. Amiloride, a non‐specific ASIC blocker, has been shown to exert beneficial effects in animal models of migraine and in patients. We explored the involvement of the ASIC1‐subtype in cutaneous allodynia, a hallmark of migraine affecting cephalic and extra‐cephalic regions in about 70% of migrainers.Experimental ApproachWe investigated the effects of systemic injections of amiloride and mambalgin‐1, a specific inhibitor of ASIC1a‐ and ASIC1b‐containing channels, on cephalic and extra‐cephalic mechanical sensitivity in a rodent model of acute and chronic migraine induced by i.p. injections of isosorbide dinitrate.Key ResultsI.v. injections of these inhibitors reversed cephalic and extra‐cephalic acute cutaneous mechanical allodynia in rats, a single injection inducing a delay in the subsequent establishment of chronic allodynia. Both mambalgin‐1 and amiloride also reversed established chronic allodynia. The anti‐allodynic effects of mambalgin‐1 were not altered in ASIC1a‐knockout mice, showing the ASIC1a subtype is not involved in these effects which were comparable to those of the anti‐migraine drug sumatriptan and of the preventive drug topiramate on acute and chronic allodynia respectively. A single daily injection of mambalgin‐1 also had a significant preventive effect on allodynia chronification.Conclusions and ImplicationsThese pharmacological data support the involvement of peripheral ASIC1‐containing channels in migraine cutaneous allodynia as well as in its chronification. They highlight the therapeutic potential of ASIC1 inhibitors as both an acute and prophylactic treatment for migraine.
Brood parasitism, relatedness and sociality: a kinship role in female reproductive tactics
Authors: Andersson Malte , Åhlund Matti , Waldeck Peter 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACTConspecific brood parasitism (CBP) is a reproductive tactic in which parasitic females lay eggs in nests of other females of the same species that then raise the joint brood. Parasites benefit by increased reproduction, without costs of parental care for the parasitic eggs. CBP occurs in many egg‐laying animals, among birds most often in species with large clutches and self‐feeding young: two major factors facilitating successful parasitism. CBP is particularly common in waterfowl (Anatidae), a group with female‐biased natal philopatry and locally related females. Theory suggests that relatedness between host and parasite can lead to inclusive fitness benefits for both, but if host costs are high, parasites should instead target unrelated females. Pairwise relatedness (r) in host–parasite (h‐p) pairs of females has been estimated using molecular genetic methods in seven waterfowl (10 studies). In many h‐p pairs, the two females were unrelated (with low r, near the local population mean). However, close relatives (r = 0.5) were over‐represented in h‐p pairs, which in all 10 studies had higher mean relatedness than other females. In one species where this was studied, h‐p relatedness was higher than between nesting close neighbours, and hosts parasitized by non‐relatives aggressively rejected other females. In another species, birth nest‐mates (mother–daughters, sisters) associated in the breeding area as adults, and became h‐p pairs more often than expected by chance. These and other results point to recognition of birth nest‐mates and perhaps other close relatives. For small to medium host clutch sizes, addition of a few parasitic eggs need not reduce host offspring success. Estimates in two species suggest that hosts can then gain inclusive fitness if parasitized by relatives. Other evidence of female cooperation is incubation by old eider Somateria mollissima females of clutches laid by their relatives, and merging and joint care of broods of young. Merging females tended to be more closely related. Eiders associate with kin in many situations, and in some geese and swans, related females may associate over many years. Recent genetic evidence shows that also New World quails (Odontophoridae) have female‐biased natal philopatry, CBP and brood merging, inviting further study and comparison with waterfowl. Kin‐related parasitism also occurs in some insects, with revealing parallels and differences compared to birds. In hemipteran bugs, receiving extra eggs is beneficial for hosts by diluting offspring predation. In eggplant lace bugs Gargaphia solani, host and parasite are closely related, and kin selection favours egg donation to related females. Further studies of kinship in CBP, brood merging and other contexts can test if some of these species are socially more advanced than presently known.
Outcomes of combined keratoplasty and pars plana vitrectomy for endophthalmitis with compromised corneal clarity
Authors: Dave Abhishek , Acharaya Manisha , Agarwal Manisha , Dave Prachi A , Singh Manisha , Mathur Umang 
Published: August 2018

AbstractImportanceStudies evaluating combined penetrating keratoplasty and pars plana vitrectomy for infectious aetiologies are limited.BackgroundTo evaluate the outcomes of combined penetrating keratoplasty and pars plana vitrectomy in patients with endophthalmitis and poor corneal clarity.DesignRetrospective interventional case series conducted at a tertiary care eye hospital in North India.ParticipantsReview of records of 43 eyes of 43 patients. Mean age of patients was 53.39 ± 12.94 years (26 males). Patients with age > 14 years with minimum follow‐up of 6 months were included.MethodsCombined penetrating keratoplasty and pars plana vitrectomy was performed in all eyes.Main Outcome MeasuresWe analysed the preoperative, intraoperative and microbiological characteristics of patients undergoing combined surgeries. Anatomic and functional success and failure were pre‐defined.ResultsAetiology for corneal opacification was corneal ulcer in 30(69.7%) eyes, corneal graft infection in eight(18.6%) eyes, bullous keratopathy in four (9.3%) eyes and corneal scar in one eye. Postoperative visual acuity improved in 20(46.5%) eyes, did not change in 14 (32.5%) eyes and deteriorated in nine eyes (20.9%). Anatomical failure (uncontrolled infection leading to phthisis bulbi or evisceration) was seen in 15 (34.8%) eyes. Microbiological analysis revealed bacterial growth in 26, fungal in 14 and no growth in three eyes. Fungal infection had a poorer outcome (P = 0.03). Six out of 11 monoocular patients regained ambulatory vision.Conclusions and RelevanceCombined penetrating keratoplasty and pars plana vitrectomy is a complex but globe salvaging procedure for poor prognosis eyes which otherwise may need evisceration. Fungal infection carries a poorer prognosis.
Impacts of sellers’ responses to online negative consumer reviews: Evidence from an agricultural product
Authors: Qing Ping , Huang Heng , Razzaq Amar , Tang Yifan , Tu Ming 
Published: August 2018

AbstractSellers’ responses to online negative consumer reviews (NCRs) have a marked effect on consumer purchasing intentions. In this study, we divide seller's responses to NCRs into two categories: rational responses and emotional responses. Through two separate studies, we examine the impact of sellers’ responses to online NCRs on consumer purchasing intention. Results reveal that product‐related NCRs reduce consumer purchasing intentions more than service‐related NCRs and having no reaction to NCRs from the sellers decreases consumer purchasing intentions. In addition, consumer trust mediates the relationship between seller's response to online NCRs and consumer purchasing intentions. The results also show that the impact on consumer purchasing intentions can be modified by the type of NCRs and sellers’ responses. In particular, rational responses will be more effective for product‐related NCRs, and for service‐related NCRs, there does not appear to exist a significant difference between the effects of rational and emotional responses.
Cross‐elicitation responses to 2‐methoxymethyl‐p‐phenylenediamine in p‐phenylenediamine‐allergic individuals: Results from open use testing and diagnostic patch testing
Authors: Schuttelaar Marie L. , Dittmar Daan , Burgerhof Johannes G. M. , Blömeke Brunhilde , Goebel Carsten 
Published: August 2018

BackgroundAllergic contact dermatitis caused by p‐phenylenediamine (PPD) is a health concern for hair dye users. Because of its lower sensitization potency, the PPD derivative 2‐methoxymethyl‐p‐phenylenediamine (ME‐PPD) has been developed as an alternative hair dye for primary prevention. However, cross‐elicitation responses can occur in PPD‐allergic subjects.ObjectivesTo compare cross‐elicitation responses to ME‐PPD in open use and diagnostic patch testing of PPD‐allergic subjects with hair dye‐related allergic contact dermatitis.MethodsReactions to ME‐PPD were investigated in 25 PPD‐allergic subjects by performing (1) 45‐minute open use testing with a hair dye containing 2.0% of either ME‐PPD or PPD, and (2) patch testing with increasing ME‐PPD concentrations (0.1%–2.0% pet.).ResultsOf the 25 PPD‐allergic subjects, 21 (84%) reacted to open use testing with a hair dye containing 2.0% PPD, and testing with 2.0% ME‐PPD led to cross‐elicitation in 12 (48%). When patch tested with increasing ME‐PPD concentrations, 13 (52%) cross‐reacted at 0.1% (lowest dose) and 21 (84%) at 2.0% (highest dose), indicating decreased reactivity as compared with published PPD dose‐response data.ConclusionIn line with the decreased cross‐reactivity of ME‐PPD in hair dye open use testing, PPD‐allergic subjects show an attenuated cross‐elicitation dose response to ME‐PPD in patch testing.
Immunophenotypic profile and clinical outcome of monoclonal B‐cell lymphocytosis in kidney transplantation
Authors: Alfano Gaetano , Fontana Francesco , Colaci Elisabetta , Franceschini Erica , Ligabue Giulia , Messerotti Andrea , Bettelli Francesca , Grottola Antonella , Gennari William , Potenza Leonardo , Guaraldi Giovanni , Mussini Cristina , Luppi Mario , Cappelli Gianni 
Published: August 2018

AbstractMonoclonal B‐cell lymphocytosis (MBL) is a lymphoproliferative disorder characterized by clonal expansion of a B‐cell population in peripheral blood of otherwise healthy subjects. MBL is divided into CLL (chronic lymphocytic leukemia)‐like, atypical CLL‐like and non‐CLL MBL. The aim of this study was to evaluate immunophenotypic characteristics and clinical outcomes of MBL in kidney transplant (KT) recipients. We retrospectively evaluated 593 kidney transplant (KT) recipients in follow‐up at our center. Among them, 157 patients underwent peripheral blood flow cytometry for different clinical indications. A 6‐color panel flow cytometry was used to diagnose MBL. This condition was detected in 5 of 157 KT recipients. Immunophenotypic characterization of MBL showed four cases of non‐CLL MBL and one case of CLL‐like MBL. At presentation, median age was 65 years (range 61‐73). After a median follow‐up of 3.1 years (95%CI; 1.1‐5) from diagnosis, patients did not progress either to CLL or to lymphoma. The disorder did not increase the risk of malignancy, severe infections, graft loss and mortality among our KT recipients. Surprisingly, all cases were also affected by concomitant monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance, which did not progress to multiple myeloma during follow‐up. In conclusion, our data suggest that MBL is an age‐related disorder, with non‐CLL MBL being the most common subtype among KT recipients.
Intragraft vasculitis and gene expression analysis: Association with acute rejection and prediction of mortality in long‐term heart transplantation
Authors: Lin‐Wang Hui Tzu , Cipullo Reginaldo , Dias França João Italo , Finger Marco Aurelio , Rossi Neto Joao Manoel , Correia Edileide de Barros , Dinkhuysen Jarbas Jackson , Hirata Mário Hiroyuki 
Published: August 2018

AbstractIntroductionVasculitis entails heterogeneous origins; it starts with an inflammatory process that leads to small vessels’ necrosis, hemorrhage, and ischemic lesion, and may further result in occlusion of the vascular lumen. Vasculitis’ contribution to allograft rejection is still unclear. This study aims to investigate the incidence of vasculitis in the early stages of heart transplantation as well as to assess the intragraft genes’ expression associated with vascular function and subsequently to verify the way in which it affects the outcome of the allograft.MethodsIn this retrospective study, 300 archive paraffin‐embedded endomyocardial biopsies from 63 heart allograft recipients were assessed. Cellular rejection and vasculitis were diagnosed through histological analysis, and antibody‐mediated rejection was performed with immunohistochemical C4d staining. The transcripts of ICAM, VCAM, VEGF, CCL2, IFNG, TGFB, TNF, ADIPOR1, and ADIPOR2 genes were examined through quantitative polymerase chain reaction using B2M for normalization.ResultsWe observed a higher prevalence of severe vasculitis in the early period of post‐transplant, and recovery was observed to take place around 1 year post‐transplant. Additionally, vasculitis was found to be directly associated with acute cellular rejection and antibody‐mediated rejection. The intense C4d capillary positivity predicts higher long‐term cardiovascular disease mortality. In comparison with the vasculitis‐free group, the group with severe vasculitis displayed reduced left ventricular ejection fraction and an upregulation of VCAM and IFNG associated with the downregulation of VEGF, ADIPOR1, and ADIPOR2.ConclusionThe vasculitis associated with the presence of C4d and the change in intragraft gene expression profile may contribute to poor allograft outcomes.
Clinical and histological spectrum of nail psoriasis: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Kaul Subuhi , Singal Archana , Grover Chander , Sharma Sonal 
Published: August 2018

BackgroundNail psoriasis can pose diagnostic difficulties as there are several close clinical mimickers, including onychomycosis, lichen planus, and even squamous cell carcinoma. In view of differing treatment and prognostic implications, it is important to make an accurate diagnosis, especially in cases with isolated nail involvement.MethodsSixty consecutive patients with nail changes suggestive of psoriasis were included. A nail punch biopsy was performed and histopathological features were recorded for each case and percentage positivity of each individual feature was calculated. Periodic acid‐Schiff (PAS) stain was performed to detect any fungal colonization or invasion.ResultsThe most common clinical nail change was distal onycholysis (93.3% patients), followed by subungual hyperkeratosis (80%). On histological examination, the feature found most frequently was hyperkeratosis with parakeratosis (78% of biopsies), followed by neutrophilic infiltration of nail bed epithelium (63%), and hypergranulosis (58%). Unlike psoriasis elsewhere, nail bed and matrix histopathology revealed hypergranulosis in more than half of the cases. PAS stain was positive for fungal elements in 16 of 60 (26%) cases.ConclusionThis study provides a careful, detailed histopathological description of nail unit psoriasis in a large number of cases. The histopathologic features described, which are somewhat different from psoriasis elsewhere on the body, are of utility to pathologists who may receive nail biopsy specimens of hyperkeratotic lesions.
Predictors affecting outcome after single‐event multilevel surgery in children with cerebral palsy: a systematic review
Authors: Edwards Tomos A , Theologis Tim , Wright James 
Published: August 2018

AimTo review the potential predictors of outcome after single‐event multilevel surgery (SEMLS) in children with cerebral palsy (CP).MethodA literature search using the following criteria was performed in six electronic databases: (1) children with cerebral palsy; (2) analysed potential predictors of outcome after SEMLS; (3) minimum 12 months follow‐up. The potential predictors were predefined: sex; topographical distribution; socio‐economic status; Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) level; preoperative kinematic summary statistic; age at surgery. Study quality was appraised with the methodological index for non‐randomized studies (MINORS) and the Oxford Centre for Evidence‐Based Medicine scale.ResultsOf the seven studies identified, the MINORS scores ranged from 9 to 11 and all were graded 2b on the Oxford Centre for Evidence‐Based Medicine scale. There was little or no evidence to support sex, topographical distribution, or socio‐economic status as predictive factors after SEMLS. Preoperative Gait Profile Score (GPS) was the best measure of expected improvement in gait kinematics. Parent‐reported satisfaction and GPS were best after SEMLS in children graded GMFCS II. The best long‐term results were seen in those aged between 10 years and 12 years of age.InterpretationThe candidate who might expect to realize the most improvement from SEMLS is aged between 10 years and 12 years, is in GMFCS level II, and has a poor preoperative GPS.What this paper adds

Children aged 10 to 12 years, in Gross Motor Function Classification System level II, with a poor preoperative Gait Profile Score might expect to realize the most improvement after single‐event multilevel surgery.