bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
YOKSULLUK, EĞİTİM VE İSTİHDAM AÇISINDAN KIRSAL ALAN KADINININ 2010-2016 YILLARI ARASI GENEL GÖRÜNÜMÜ
Authors: KARAGÖZ Savaş , KARAGÖZ Nafiye İşıl 
Published: May 2018

Genel
olarak literatür incelendiğinde yoksulluk, kendini gerçekleştirememe ve
istenilen yaşam standardına erişememe durumu olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Yoksulluk
kavramının açılımında her ne kadar maddiyat ön planda olsa da zamana ve mekâna
bağlı olarak ta değişiklik göstermektedir. Yoksulluk her kesimde olduğu gibi
sadece kadınları ilgilendiren olumsuz bir durum değildir. Ancak toplum içinde
kadına atfedilen rollerden dolayı yoksulluktan en fazla etkilenen kırsal alan
kadınlarının olduğu görülmüştür. Yoksulluğa etki eden nedenlerin başında ise
kadınlara sunulan eğitim imkânlarının yetersizliği ve kırsal alan ailelerin
eğitime karşı olan olumsuz tutumları gösterilmiştir. Bunun sonucunda da kırsal
alan kadının işgününe katılımı ve kendini gerçekleştirmesi ya zaman almakta ya
da hiç gerçekleşmemektedir. Eğitimden yeterince yararlanamayan kırsal alan
kadınlarının istihdamının da yapılamadığı görülmektedir. Bu durum bütün dünya
ülkelerinde bir sorun olmanın yanında ülkemizde de en önemli sorunların başında
gelmektedir. Gelişmenin ve kalkınmanın temelinde bireyin yeteneğinden
yararlanma ve her vatandaşın üretici bir birey olması aynı zamanda 21. yüzyılın
insana bakış açısını oluşturmuştur. Bu
çalışmada 2000-2016 yılları arası kırsal alan kadınlarının eğitimi, yoksulluğu,
iş güne katılımı ve istihdamı ile ilgili yapılmış olan 16 makale incelenerek
genel değerlendirilmesi yapılmıştır. Tarama modeli yöntemi kullanılarak yapılan
bu araştırmada kırsal alan kadınlarının eğitimi ile yoksulluk arasında ters
orantı, eğitim ile istihdam arasında ise doğru orantılı bir ilişkinin olduğu
görülmüştür.
ÖRGÜTSEL YENİLİK ÖLÇEĞİ: UYARLAMA ÇALIŞMASI
Authors: KOYUNCU Ayşe Gözde 
Published: May 2018

Yenilik, günümüzde sürdürülebilir
büyümenin ve toplumsal refahın ana itici gücü haline gelmiştir. Türkiye’de en
büyük yenilikçi gelişmelere sahne olan hizmetler sektörü içinde sağlık alanı
özellikle dikkat çekicidir. Zira bir yandan sağlık harcamalarını azaltma
çabaları, bir yandan da toplumun daha sağlıklı kılınması gayreti yeniliği gerek
teknolojik gerekse de örgütsel anlamda zorunlu kılmaktadır. Bu unsurların yanı
sıra özel sektörün sağlık hizmetleri içindeki payının artmasına bağlı olarak
ortaya çıkan rekabet de inovatif gelişmelerin ortaya çıkarılmasında etkili
olmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, hem kapsamlı teknolojik gelişmelerin
görüldüğü hem de mevcut bilgi ve teknolojilerin hızla güncelliğini kaybettiği
sağlık sektöründe, bireysel ve örgütsel yenilik sürecine uyum kapasitesinin
performans bakımından önemini incelemeye olanak sağlayacak bir ölçme aracını
Türkçe alanyazına kazandırmaktır.
Sunulan çalışmada, “Örgütsel Yenilik Ölçeği” yazarlar tarafından
Türkçeye uyarlanmıştır. Türkçe ölçek formunun, Ankara’daki altı üniversite
hastanesinde 75 doktor ve hemşireye uygulanmasıyla toplanan verilerin SPSS 16.0
programı kullanılarak geçerlik ve güvenirlik analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Place de la simulation dans la formation initiale des urgentistes : enquête nationale observationnelle
Authors: Allain M. , Kuczer V. , Longo C. , Batard E. , Le Conte P. 
Published: May 2018

Introduction : La simulation apparaît aujourd’hui comme un outil indispensable dans l’apprentissage de compétences médicales techniques et non techniques, tout en respectant le principe éthique suivant : « Jamais la première fois sur le patient ». Actuellement, l’intégration de la simulation dans les programmes de formation des internes de médecine d’urgence est disparate : son cadre demeure à définir devant l’ouverture récente du diplôme d’études spécialisée (DES) de médecine d’urgence à l’automne 2017.
Objectif de l’étude : Cette étude a évalué l’utilisation de la simulation en France dans l’enseignement actuel de la médecine d’urgence, afin d’initier une réflexion sur la place que pourrait avoir ce type d’enseignement pour le DES.
Méthode : Il s’agissait d’une étude observationnelle multicentrique. Un questionnaire a été envoyé par e-mail à l’ensemble des responsables universitaires de France impliqués dans l’enseignement de la médecine d’urgence. Les données ont été colligées dans Excel (Microsoft). Elles étaient à la fois quantitatives et qualitatives et concernaient le cadre, la structuration et le contenu de la formation par la simulation.
Résultats : Vingt-cinq facultés de médecine sur 29 ont répondu au questionnaire. Parmi elles, 23 utilisaient la simulation (soit 92 %), dont 22 la simulation haute fidélité et 21 la simulation procédurale. Arrêt cardiorespiratoire (22), état de choc (21), douleur thoracique et tachycardies (20), traumatisé crânien et traumatisé grave (17) étaient les thématiques majoritairement abordées. Les gestes techniques les plus enseignés étaient : intubation (22), intubation difficile (21), ventilation assistée-contrôlée et voie intraosseuse (18). En médiane, la formation comptait entre deux et trois jours de simulation par année de formation. Par ailleurs, dans 12 centres (soit 52 %), les formateurs avaient un temps professionnel dédié, et 15 centres (soit 65 %) bénéficiaient de personnel salarié. Enfin, seulement 12 centres (52 %) estimaient « plutôt » respecter l’adage « Jamais la première fois sur le patient ».
Discussion : L’utilisation de la simulation dans l’enseignement de la médecine d’urgence est inégale. Les responsables pédagogiques interrogés semblent tomber d’accord quant aux principales thématiques et techniques à aborder. Le développement de la simulation semble souhaité de tous, mais demeure complexe en raison notamment de l’investissement humain et matériel que cela représente. Ces réponses pourraient fournir un axe de réflexion afin d’établir un programme de simulation commun à l’ensemble des facultés.
The Value of Anthropology in Child Health Policy
Authors: Spray Julie 
Published: May 2018

AbstractWorking at the nexus of medical anthropology and the anthropology of childhood, this article challenges three assumptions often embedded in child health policy: (1) children are the passive recipients of healthcare; (2) children’s knowledge of illness and their body can be assumed based on adult understandings; and (3) children’s healthcare can be isolated from their social relations. I explore these themes through the case study of a 2011 New Zealand government initiative to reduce the rates of rheumatic fever affecting low-income Māori and Pasifika children. Drawing on fieldwork with around 80 children at an Auckland primary school, I show how the ‘sore throat’ programme does not merely treat streptococcus A infections, but plays an active role in constituting children’s experiences and understandings of their bodies and illness, and in shaping healthcare practices in ways unintended by policy-makers.
Développement local et stratégie globale de deux multinationales de l’aluminium au XX e siècle : Alcan et Pechiney
Authors: Barjot Dominique , Lanthier Pierre 
Published: May 2018

Financé par l’Agence nationale de la recherche (ANR), le projet Fralubec a réalisé une histoire parallèle de Pechiney et d’Alcan autour de trois axes de recherche : stratégies croisées de deux multinationales de l’aluminium – entre concurrence et coopération – ; entreprises de l’aluminium et territoires des vallées ; pratiques de gestion et émergence de modèles de cultures organisationnelles dans la gouvernance des installations des deux multinationales. Autour de l’industrie de l’aluminium, une coopération franco-québécoise fructueuse a permis de mener à bien de manière systématique une approche d’histoire comparée et, grâce à elle, de progresser dans la connaissance des firmes, de leurs territoires et de leurs hommes. De la confrontation des démarches a résulté un affinement méthodologique tandis que les résultats scientifiques obtenus ont dépassé les espérances compte tenu des modestes moyens humains et financiers engagés.
Entre politique et philosophie
Authors: Martin Philippe 
Published: May 2018

L’auteur propose de retracer ce que fut l’élaboration de la notion de tolérance. Le mot apparaît au xvi e siècle alors que se multiplient les confessions, et toutes s’en font l’écho. Il est également activé par la rencontre d’autres civilisations outre-Atlantique, et en arrive à être la solution pour accepter celui qui est “autre”. Mais il se décline en trois types d’action de nature politique : pragmatique, imposée et “de pis-aller” pour éviter la violence. La tolérance peut être perçue comme une qualité, et avoir une application proprement religieuse, mais elle n’est pas nécessairement acceptée par tous. Elle trouve son plein épanouissement au xviii e siècle.
Diversité religieuse et laïcité de l’État
Authors: Gandolfi Stefania 
Published: May 2018

L’auteur nous retrace ce qui est l’un des axes de la chaire Unesco « Droits de l’Homme et éthique de la coopération internationale » à travers le cas de l’école en l’Italie et son « Enseignement de la religion catholique ». La Cour constitutionnelle a jugé qu’il n’était pas incompatible avec le principe de laïcité. Avec la pluralité culturelle de plus en plus accentuée de la société, l’État a dû s’adapter tout en maintenant ce qui fait l’identité de la nation qu’il s’agit aussi de transmettre. Mais ce défi, qui passe notamment par l’éducation, est tout autant du ressort des acteurs privés.
Quelle laïcité, en France, face aux attentats terroristes ?
Authors: Baubérot Jean 
Published: May 2018

Cette intervention entend faire le point sur les notions qui sont utilisées dans le débat houleux de ces dernières années, entre « laïcité » et « islam », afin de comprendre ce qui se joue en replaçant le tout dans sa profondeur historique. Ainsi un changement de sens de ce qui s’entendait en 1905 par « laïcité » s’est-il produit à partir de 1989 avec les questionnements à propos de « l’islam ». Il s’agit de l’héritage de clivages qui existaient déjà au début du xx e siècle et qui se perçoivent encore à droite comme à gauche. Mais le tout se comprend dans un contexte nouveau et dramatique.
Le nom de la loi : violences, protection et différenciation sociale des enfants
Authors: Bittencourt Ribeiro Fernanda 
Published: May 2018

Dans cet article, nous prenons pour point de départ l’attribution du surnom « menino Bernardo » à la loi qui interdit les « châtiments physiques, le traitement cruel ou dégradant d’enfants et d’adolescents » au Brésil. En premier lieu, nous montrons que la figure de « l’enfant victime de violence », qui s’est imposée au cours du débat parlementaire brésilien sur le projet de loi, s’est construite à partir d’un ensemble de préjugés sur les classes sociales défavorisées. Or l’enfant qui a donné son nom à la loi appartenait à la classe moyenne. En deuxième lieu, pour mieux cerner la différence entre le degré de violence tel qu’il se manifeste dans l’homicide de Bernardo et celui des pratiques auxquelles se réfère la loi, connue sous le nom de « loi de la fessée », nous reprenons certains aspects de l’histoire de Bernardo rapportés par la presse. Enfin, nous mettons ce cas en rapport avec le profil de « l’enfant des Amériques », qui sert de modèle aux différents systèmes de protection de l’enfance en Amérique latine. Parce qu’on associe généralement pauvreté et maltraitance des enfants, nous montrons qu’il est difficile pour les institutions en charge de la protection de l’enfance de lire certaines situations de maltraitance vécues par des enfants de couches sociales moyennes et supérieures comme des violations de droits.
Retrospective Comparison of Visual Outcomes After KAMRA Corneal Inlay Implantation With Simultaneous PRK or LASIK
Authors: Moshirfar Majid , Bean Andrew E. , Albarracin Julio C. , Rebenitsch Ronald L. , Wallace Ryan T. , Birdsong Orry C. 
Published: May 2018

PURPOSE:
To report a retrospective study of simultaneous LASIK versus photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) with accompanying small-aperture cornea inlay implantation (KAMRA; AcuFocus, Inc., Irvine, CA) in treating presbyopia.

METHODS:
Simultaneous LASIK/inlay and simultaneous PRK/inlay was performed on 79 and 47 patients, respectively. Follow-up examinations were conducted at 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively. The main outcome measures were safety, efficacy, predictability, and stability with primary emphasis on monocular uncorrected near visual acuity (UNVA).

RESULTS:
Both groups met U.S. Food and Drug Administration criteria for efficacy with 95% and 55% of the LASIK/inlay group and 83% and 52% of the PRK/inlay group having a monocular UNVA of 20/40 (J5) and 20/25 (J2), respectively, at 6-month follow-up. Ninety-two percent of the LASIK/inlay group and 95% of the PRK/inlay group had a UDVA of 20/40 or better at 6 months. Two eyes lost one line of corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA). Mild hyperopic shift was noted in both groups at 6 months.

CONCLUSIONS:
Simultaneous PRK/inlay and LASIK/inlay meet the U.S. Food and Drug Administration standards for efficacy and safety based on 6-month preliminary results and have similar outcomes to emmetropic eyes.

[
J Refract Surg.
2018;34(5):310–315.]
Comparison of Surgically Induced Astigmatism and Morphologic Features Resulting From Femtosecond Laser and Manual Clear Corneal Incisions for Cataract Surgery
Authors: Ferreira Tiago B. , Ribeiro Filomena J. , Pinheiro João , Ribeiro Paulo , O'Neill João G. 
Published: May 2018

PURPOSE:
To compare the surgically induced astigmatism (SIA) vector, flattening effect, torque, and wound architecture following femtosecond laser and manual clear corneal incisions (CCIs).

METHODS:
In a double-armed, randomized, prospective case series, cataract surgery was performed for 600 eyes using femtosecond laser (300 eyes) or manual (300 eyes) 2.4-mm CCIs in temporal or superior oblique locations. SIA, flattening effect, torque, and the summated vector mean for SIA were calculated. Correlation with individual features was established and incision morphology was investigated by anterior segment optical coherence tomography at 3 months of follow-up.

RESULTS:

The SIA, flattening effect, and torque were lower in the femtosecond laser group for both incision locations, although the differences were not significant (all
P
> .05). The femtosecond laser group showed less dispersion of SIA magnitude and flattening effect. Temporal and superior oblique incisions resulted in flattening effect values of −0.11 and −0.21 diopters (D), respectively, in the femtosecond laser group and −0.13 and −0.34 D, respectively, in the manual group. Significant correlations with individual features were only found in the femtosecond laser group, with preoperative astigmatism being the only significant SIA predictor by multiple regression analysis (
P
= .003). Femtosecond laser CCIs showed less deviation from the intended length, wound enlargement, endothelial misalignment, and Descemet membrane detachments (all
P
< .037).

CONCLUSIONS:
Femtosecond laser CCIs were more reproducible. Although SIAs were smaller in femtosecond laser CCIs than in manual CCIs for both temporal and superior oblique incisions, the difference was not statistically significant. Association with individual features is highly variable.

[
J Refract Surg.
2018;34(5):322–329.]
Significations des incertitudes des lycéens à l’égard du futur
Authors: Blanc Alexis Le , Laguerre Francis 
Published: May 2018

La recherche présentée vise à dégager les principales significations, non seulement professionnelles mais aussi personnelles, des incertitudes qui caractérisent l'attitude affective de lycéens à l'égard de leur avenir. L'incertitude affective de 128 lycéens en milieu rural est décrite sur trois dimensions : insatisfaction et perception négative de l'avenir, perception d'immobilisme et de fermeture de l'avenir, sentiments d'inaccessibilité et d'insécurité de l'avenir. Après avoir discuté le rôle de certaines variables situationnelles (notamment l'inscription dans diverses filières scolaires et professionnelles) et socioculturelles (catégories socioprofessionnelles des parents), les résultats indiquent que ces attitudes sont liées à certaines anticipations et indécisions professionnelles. Mais, en accord avec notre modèle d'analyse, ces résultats soulignent surtout le rôle médiateur que jouent les valeurs du travail et les processus de valorisation relative d'autres registres d'activités (de sociabilités amicales ou associatives et de loisirs). On peut ainsi, en référence aux enjeux personnels de cette transition école-emploi (enjeux d'insertion sociale autant que professionnelle), mieux comprendre les différences observées entre ces lycéens : des différences toujours socialement situées mais qui impliquent un travail d'intersignification du sujet qui « accroche » ses représentations d'avenir à des registres d'activités diversement valorisés. En ce sens, ces lycéens apparaissent, dans une certaine mesure, producteurs et utilisateurs d'incertitude et pas seulement influencés par une indétermination croissante des cadres sociaux de la transition.
Coaching as support for postgraduate students: A case study
Authors: Le Roux Ingrid 
Published: May 2018

Background: Undergraduate students as a group are well researched, with focus on enhancing student engagement and improving learning and teaching methods. However, working postgraduate students have become a growing trend in the higher education sector, with little known about their experience. The purpose of this research is to better understand and to gain insight into the inter-role conflict experienced by postgraduate students owing to managing the multiple roles of work, personal life and studies. This article reports the case study of a coaching intervention administered to a group of postgraduate students over a 5-month period. The study concludes that the inclusion of a coaching intervention to assist postgraduate students in dealing with inter-role stress can no longer be ignored. Coaching support is an authentic way to support these students, with benefits reaching beyond the classroom.Research purpose: The purpose of this research is to better understand the inter-role conflict emanating from managing work, personal life and studies, and to gain insight into the role of coaching as a support function.Motivation for the study: There is limited research focusing on the experiences of postgraduate students, who are often working either part-time or full-time while pursuing their studies, and navigating three overlapping role domains simultaneously. Furthermore, even less is known about coaching as a support function to strike a balance between these three demanding roles.Research design, approach and method: This study is qualitative in nature. A coaching intervention over a 5-month period was used to assist postgraduate students in managing inter-role conflict.Main findings: The study suggests that coaching can be used as a method to address the interface between work, personal life and study demands for the working postgraduate student. To ensure successful throughput rates in the allocated time, a new support framework is required to complement the often insufficient academic interventions.Contribution: The contribution of the research is twofold: Firstly, it focuses on working postgraduate students to gain insight into and a better understanding of the potential of coaching. Secondly, it highlights coaching as a potential support function. Very little research exists in the general literature on how to support working postgraduate students in higher education. The research also shows the potential of coaching as a support function to help postgraduate students navigate the three demanding role domains.
Effect of inherited red cell defects on growth of Plasmodium falciparum
Authors: Pathak Vrushali , Colah Roshan , Ghosh Kanjaksha 
Published: May 2018

Background & objectives:
High prevalence of certain polymorphic alleles of erythrocytes in malaria endemic area has been linked to the resistance provided by these alleles against parasitic infestations. Numerous studies undertaken to demonstrate this correlation have generated conflicting results. This study was undertaken to investigate the abilities of various polymorphic erythrocytes to support in vitro growth of Plasmodium falciparum parasites.

Methods:
In this study under in vitro condition the ability of P. falciparum parasites to grow was assessed in the erythrocytes obtained from a total of 40 patients with various haemoglobinopathies, such as β-thalassaemia (β-Thal), sickle cell anaemia, erythroenzymopathy-like glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency and membranopathy-like hereditary spherocytosis.

Results:
Significantly reduced in vitro invasion and growth of parasites was seen in the cultures containing abnormal erythrocytes than in control cultures containing normal erythrocytes (P< 0.05). The mean per cent parasitaemia comparison was also carried out among the three polymorphic erythrocyte groups, i.e. β-Thal, sickle cell anaemia and enzyme-membranopathies.

Interpretation & conclusions:
Erythroenzymopathies and membranopathies were found to provide a more hostile environment for parasites, as the least parasitaemia was observed in these erythrocytes. The present in vitro study showed that P. falciparum did not grow well and did not invade well in erythrocytes obtained from common inherited red cell disorders.
Comparison of precipitation measurements by OTT Parsivel2 and Thies LPM optical disdrometers
Authors: Angulo-Martínez Marta , Beguería Santiago , Latorre Borja , Fernández-Raga María 
Published: May 2018

Abstract. Optical disdrometers are present weather sensors with the ability of
providing detailed information on precipitation such as rain intensity, radar
reflectivity or kinetic energy, together with discrete information on the
particle size and fall velocity distribution (PSVD) of the hydrometeors.
Disdrometers constitute a step forward towards a more complete
characterization of precipitation, being useful in several research fields
and applications. In this article the performance of two extensively used
optical disdrometers, the most recent version of OTT Parsivel2 disdrometer
and Thies Clima Laser Precipitation Monitor (LPM), is evaluated. During
2 years, four collocated optical disdrometers, two Thies Clima LPM and two
OTT Parsivel2, collected up to 100 000 min of data and up to
30 000 min with rain in more than 200 rainfall events, with intensities
peaking at 277 mm h−1 in 1 minute. The analysis of these records shows
significant differences between both disdrometer types for all integrated
precipitation parameters, which can be explained by differences in the raw
PSVD estimated by the two sensors. Thies LPM recorded a larger number of
particles than Parsivel2 and a higher proportion of small particles than
OTT Parsivel2, resulting in higher rain rates and totals and differences
in radar reflectivity and kinetic energy. These differences increased greatly
with rainfall intensity. Possible causes of these differences, and their
practical consequences, are discussed in order to help researchers and users
in the choice of sensor, and at the same time
pointing out limitations to be addressed in future studies.