bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feasibility of Obtaining Patient-Reported Outcome Measures in a High-Volume Multidisciplinary Surgical Limb Salvage Center
Authors: Sayyed Adaah A. , Yamamoto Rebecca , Choi Christopher , Lee Jina , Atves Jayson N. , Steinberg John S. , Song David H. , Attinger Christopher E. , Fan Kenneth L. , Evans Karen K. 
Published: November 2024

Background: Completion of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) is labor-intensive but paramount in improving patient-centered care, allowing for advancement of techniques and scrutinization of outcomes. We report the feasibility of PROM collection and reporting for patients seen in a high-volume, multidisciplinary, tertiary limb salvage center to determine pain and functionality outcomes.
Methods: The center received grant funding resources for large-scale PROM collection. Patients completed either tablet or paper surveys. Functionality and pain PROMs included 1) Neuro-QoL Lower Extremity Function–Mobility, 2) Numerical Rating Scale, 3) Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Pain Intensity, and 4) PROMIS Pain Interference. Research assistants attended clinic daily to administer surveys. Patients were categorized into the following groups: amputation, flap reconstruction, other surgical management, and nonsurgical management.
Results: Five hundred sets of each survey were administered to 420 patients across 2 months, with 16% of patients (n = 80) completing multiple sets at separate visits. The completion rate among eligible patients was 90% or greater for each PROM. Of the respondents, 133 (31.7%) were seen for previous amputation, 32 (7.6%) for local or free flap reconstruction, 68 (16.2%) for other surgical management (eg, debridement, arthroplasty), and 295 (70.2%) for nonsurgical management (eg, lymphedema, hidradenitis).
Conclusions: We report that integration of PROM collection in a high-volume limb salvage center is feasible. These metrics allow measurement of the impact and effectiveness of salvage or amputation surgeries from patients’ perspectives, providing quantification of satisfaction and aspects of health-related quality of life, improved patient advocacy, and an evidence-based approach to surgical management.
Management of Children with Megafoot Secondary to Proteus Syndrome: A Report of Three Cases with Long-Term Follow-Up
Authors: Demirel Mehmet , Koyuncu Dağhan , Sağlam Yavuz , Bilgili Fuat , Kılıçoğlu Önder İsmet , Durmaz Hayati 
Published: November 2024

Background: Proteus syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by overgrowth of limbs and organs and neurocutaneous findings.
Methods: We examined three Proteus syndrome cases with unilateral foot enlargement, megafoot. The patients had ambulatory and cosmetic difficulties. Debulking surgery was performed.
Results: After the surgeries, patient mobility and functional scores were analyzed and found to be improved; only one patient had recurrence after 5 years. In the literature, there is no consensus about the treatment and the timing of treatment of Proteus syndrome. The literature suggests that early surgery for megafoot leads to better functional results. Debulking surgery and amputation are the two options mentioned. In the present cases, soft-tissue debulking was performed.
Conclusions: In patients with megafoot caused by Proteus syndrome, the functional results were better for those with early debulking surgery compared with those who did not undergo surgery. Patients were able to fit into shoes and walk without difficulty.
Architectural masonry features of Prasat Suor Prat: Study on architectural techniques used in the Prasat Suor Prat towers in Angkor
Authors: Akazawa Yasushi , Nakagawa Takeshi , Mizoguchi Akinori 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe Prasat Sour Prat towers (hereafter PSP) were built just in front of the Royal Palace and Royal Plaza in Angkor Thom. This location is very important. However, despite the significance of the location, a laterite block was used as the primary building material of PSP. This study aims to understand why PSP was built with laterite blocks, and speculates on the relationship between the method of construction of PSP and the period in which it was constructed. Additionally, by comparing them with laterite structures of a Koh Ker ruin, the features of PSP are better understood. Understanding the motive behind using laterite is a key aspect that will help in understanding why PSP masonry methods have some distinctive features. The processing and masonry techniques of PSP indicate that its features were obtained via rapid construction.
Small‐spot intensity‐modulated proton therapy and volumetric‐modulated arc therapies for patients with locally advanced non‐small‐cell lung cancer: A dosimetric comparative study
Authors: Liu Chenbin , Sio Terence T. , Deng Wei , Shan Jie , Daniels Thomas B. , Rule William G. , Lara Pedro R. , Korte Shawn M. , Shen Jiajian , Ding Xiaoning , Schild Steven E. , Bues Martin , Liu Wei 
Published: October 2018

AbstractPurposeTo compare dosimetric performance of volumetric‐modulated arc therapy (VMAT) and small‐spot intensity‐modulated proton therapy for stage III non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Methods and MaterialsA total of 24 NSCLC patients were retrospectively reviewed; 12 patients received intensity‐modulated proton therapy (IMPT) and the remaining 12 received VMAT. Both plans were generated by delivering prescription doses to clinical target volumes (CTV) on averaged 4D‐CTs. The dose‐volume‐histograms (DVH) band method was used to quantify plan robustness. Software was developed to evaluate interplay effects with randomized starting phases of each field per fraction. DVH indices were compared using Wilcoxon rank sum test.ResultsCompared with VMAT, IMPT delivered significantly lower cord Dmax, heart Dmean, and lung V5 Gy[RBE] with comparable CTV dose homogeneity, and protection of other OARs. In terms of plan robustness, the IMPT plans were statistically better than VMAT plans in heart Dmean, but were statistically worse in CTV dose coverage, cord Dmax, lung Dmean, and V5 Gy[RBE]. Other DVH indices were comparable. The IMPT plans still met the standard clinical requirements with interplay effects considered.ConclusionsSmall‐spot IMPT improves cord, heart, and lung sparing compared to VMAT and achieves clinically acceptable plan robustness at least for the patients included in this study with motion amplitude less than 11 mm. Our study supports the usage of IMPT to treat some lung cancer patients.
A program to train medical physicists for direct patient care responsibilities
Authors: Brown Derek W. , Atwood Todd F. , Moore Kevin L. , MacAulay Robert , Murphy James D. , Mundt Arno J. , Pawlicki Todd 
Published: October 2018

AbstractObjectivesTo develop a training program designed to meet the specific needs of medical physicists as they transition into a clinical role with direct patient care responsibilities.Materials and MethodsThe training program was designed in collaboration with the faculty at the UC San Diego School of Medicine and incorporates training techniques that have been shown to be effective in improving communication skills. The program emphasizes experiential, practice‐based learning over didactic presentations.ResultsThe training program is comprised of 5 components: 1) a 1‐day Clinician‐Patient Communication Workshop run by the UC San Diego School of Medicine, 2) Communication Strategies for Radiation Oncology, which consists of two, 2‐hour sessions designed to provide trainees with patient communication skills that are specific to patient interactions in radiation oncology, 3) Simulated Patient Interactions, in which trainees perform mock physicist‐patient consults with trained patient actors, 4) Faculty‐Observed Patient Consults, and 5) a Case‐Based Treatment Toxicity Course. A competency assessment mechanism was also developed to provide a clear set of objectives and to guide trainer feedback. [Correction added after first online publication on November 8, 2018: The phrase ", which consists of two, 2‐hour" was added above.]ConclusionsThe training program that we have developed incorporates an array of established education techniques and provides a comprehensive, accessible, means of improving medical physicists’ patient communication skills.
Gate‐Tunable Synaptic Plasticity through Controlled Polarity of Charge Trapping in Fullerene Composites
Authors: Ren Yi , Yang Jia‐Qin , Zhou Li , Mao Jing‐Yu , Zhang Shi‐Rui , Zhou Ye , Han Su‐Ting 
Published: October 2018

AbstractMotivated by the biological neuromorphic system with high degree of connectivity to process huge amounts of information, transistor‐based artificial synapses are expected to pave a way to overcome the von Neumann bottleneck for neuromorphic computing paradigm. Here, artificial flexible organic synaptic transistors capable of concurrently exhibiting signal transmission and learning functions are verified using C60/poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) hybrid layer for the first time. C60 trapping sites are doped in PMMA by facile solution process to form the hybrid structure. The flexible synaptic transistor exhibits a memory window of 2.95 V, a currenton/currentoff ratio greater than 103, program/erase endurance cycle over 500 times. In addition, comprehensive synaptic functions of biosynapse including the excitatory postsynaptic current with different duration time, pulse amplitudes and temperatures, paired‐pulse facilitation/depression, potentiation and depression of the channel conductance modulation, transition from short‐term potentiation to long‐term potentiation, and repetitive learning processes are successfully emulated in this synaptic three‐terminal device. The realization of synaptic devices based on C60 with low operation voltage and controlled polarity of charge trapping is an important step toward future neuromorphic computing using organic electronics.
Epitaxial Ferroelectric Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 Thin Films and Their Implementations in Memristors for Brain‐Inspired Computing
Authors: Yoong Herng Yau , Wu Haijun , Zhao Jianhui , Wang Han , Guo Rui , Xiao Juanxiu , Zhang Bangmin , Yang Ping , Pennycook Stephen John , Deng Ning , Yan Xiaobing , Chen Jingsheng 
Published: October 2018

AbstractDoped‐HfO2 thin films with ferroelectricity have attracted great attention due to their potential application in semiconductor industry as negative capacitance and resistance switching memory. Despite Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 (HZO) thin films having the most robust ferroelectric properties among all doped‐HfO2 thin films, the realization of single orthorhombic phase HZO thin films is not achieved, while the direct evidence between the structural–properties relationship of orthorhombic phase HZO and ferroelectricity is not confirmed. In this work, the growth of single orthorhombic phase HZO thin films with decent ferroelectricity and resistive switching behavior is reported. With the aid of advanced structural characterization techniques, the HZO thin film is confirmed to be in the single orthorhombic phase. Next, using scanning probe microscopy techniques and macroscopic ferroelectric measurements, the single phase HZO thin films exhibit ferroelectric properties with a remanent polarization of about 20 µC cm−2. Interestingly, the HZO thin film shows ferroelectric resistive switching with an ROFF/RON ratio of about 16 100% with excellent device performance. Furthermore, brain‐like learning behavior is also observed in the HZO thin film. These results may serve to stimulate the study of ferroelectric properties of HZO thin films and their application in the electronic industry.
Current Advances in Immunomodulatory Biomaterials for Bone Regeneration
Authors: Lee Jinkyu , Byun Hayeon , Madhurakkat Perikamana Sajeesh Kumar , Lee Sangmin , Shin Heungsoo 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBiomaterials with suitable surface modification strategies are contributing significantly to the rapid development of the field of bone tissue engineering. Despite these encouraging results, utilization of biomaterials is poorly translated to human clinical trials potentially due to lack of knowledge about the interaction between biomaterials and the body defense mechanism, the “immune system”. The highly complex immune system involves the coordinated action of many immune cells that can produce various inflammatory and anti‐inflammatory cytokines. Besides, bone fracture healing initiates with acute inflammation and may later transform to a regenerative or degenerative phase mainly due to the cross‐talk between immune cells and other cells in the bone regeneration process. Among various immune cells, macrophages possess a significant role in the immune defense, where their polarization state plays a key role in the wound healing process. Growing evidence shows that the macrophage polarization state is highly sensitive to the biomaterial's physiochemical properties, and advances in biomaterial research now allow well controlled surface properties. This review provides an overview of biomaterial‐mediated modulation of the immune response for regulating key bone regeneration events, such as osteogenesis, osteoclastogenesis, and inflammation, and it discusses how these strategies can be utilized for future bone tissue engineering applications.
Biofilm‐Inspired Encapsulation of Probiotics for the Treatment of Complex Infections
Authors: Li Zhihao , Behrens Adam M. , Ginat Nitzan , Tzeng Stephany Y. , Lu Xueguang , Sivan Sarit , Langer Robert , Jaklenec Ana 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe emergence of antimicrobial resistance poses a major challenge to healthcare. Probiotics offer a potential alternative treatment method but are often incompatible with antibiotics themselves, diminishing their overall therapeutic utility. This work uses biofilm‐inspired encapsulation of probiotics to confer temporary antibiotic protection and to enable the coadministration of probiotics and antibiotics. Probiotics are encapsulated within alginate, a crucial component of pseudomonas biofilms, based on a simple two‐step alginate cross‐linking procedure. Following exposure to the antibiotic tobramycin, the growth and metabolic activity of encapsulated probiotics are unaffected by tobramycin, and they show a four‐log survival advantage over free probiotics. This results from tobramycin sequestration on the periphery of alginate beads which prevents its diffusion into the core but yet allows probiotic byproducts to diffuse outward. It is demonstrated that this approach using tobramycin combined with encapsulated probiotic has the ability to completely eradicate methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in coculture, the two most widely implicated bacteria in chronic wounds.
Exogenous Physical Irradiation on Titania Semiconductors: Materials Chemistry and Tumor‐Specific Nanomedicine
Authors: Zhang Ruifang , Yan Fei , Chen Yu 
Published: October 2018

AbstractTitania semiconductors can be activated by external physical triggers to produce electrons (e−) and holes (h+) pairs from the energy‐band structure and subsequently induce the generation of reactive oxygen species for killing cancer cells, but the traditional ultraviolet light with potential phototoxicity and low‐tissue‐penetrating depth as the irradiation source significantly hinders the further in vivo broad biomedical applications. Here, the very‐recent development of novel exogenous physical irradiation of titania semiconductors for tumor‐specific therapies based on their unique physiochemical properties, including near infrared (NIR)‐triggered photothermal hyperthermia and photodynamic therapy, X‐ray/Cerenkov radiation‐activated deep‐seated photodynamic therapy, ultrasound‐triggered sonodynamic therapy, and the intriguing synergistic therapeutic paradigms by combined exogenous physical irradiations are in focus. Most of these promising therapeutic modalities are based on the semiconductor nature of titania nanoplatforms, together with their defect modulation for photothermal hyperthermia. The biocompatibility and biosafety of these titania semiconductors are also highlighted for guaranteeing their further clinical translation. Challenges and future developments of titania‐based therapeutic nanoplatforms and the corresponding developed therapeutic modalities for potential clinical translation of tumor‐specific therapy are also discussed and outlooked.
Waldenström macroglobulinemia: 2019 update on diagnosis, risk stratification, and management
Authors: Gertz Morie A. 
Published: October 2018

Disease OverviewWaldenström macroglobulinemia (WM) is a lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma with immunoglobulin M (IgM) monoclonal protein. Clinical features include anemia, thrombocytopenia, hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, and rarely hyperviscosity.DiagnosisPresence of IgM monoclonal protein associated with ≥10% clonal lymphoplasmacytic cells in bone marrow confirms the diagnosis. The L265P mutation in MYD88 is detectable in >90% of patients and is found in the majority of IgM monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance patients.Risk StratificationAge, hemoglobin level, platelet count, β2 microglobulin, and monoclonal IgM concentrations are characteristics that are predictive of outcomes.Risk‐Adapted TherapyNot all patients who fulfill WM criteria require therapy; these patients can be observed until symptoms develop. Rituximab‐monotherapy is inferior to regimens that combine it with bendamustine, an alkylating agent, a proteosome inhibitor, or ibrutinib. Purine nucleoside analogs are active but usage is declining for less toxic alternatives. The preferred Mayo Clinic induction is rituximab and bendamustine. Potential for stem cell transplantation should be considered in selected younger patients.Management of Refractory DiseaseBortezomib, fludarabine, thalidomide, everolimus, ibrutinib, carfilzomib, lenalidomide, and bendamustine have all been shown to have activity in relapsed WM. Given WM's natural history, reduction of therapy toxicity is an important part of treatment selection.
A cross‐cultural study of sex‐typicality and averageness: Correlation between frontal and lateral measures of human faces
Authors: Danel Dariusz P. , Valentova Jaroslava Varella , Sánchez Oscar R. , Leongómez Juan David , Varella Marco A. C. , Kleisner Karel 
Published: October 2018

AbstractObjectivesFacial averageness and sexual dimorphism are extensively studied attractiveness markers, which are viewed as possible indicators of biological quality. Both are complex morphological traits, and both can be easily assessed from frontal and lateral projection of a human face. Interestingly, examination of mutual relations between the frontal and lateral dimensions of these markers has so far received little attention in published research.MethodsIn our cross‐cultural study, we used geometric morphometric data from male and female faces from Brazil, Cameroon, Colombia, and the Czech Republic, and analyzed correlations between frontal and lateral measurements of averageness and degree of maleness/femaleness, that is, the individual variation in features that characterize sexual dimorphism. We also analyzed whether the association between frontal and lateral measurements differed in men and women.ResultsIn general, our results showed a moderate correlation in sexually dimorphic features between lateral and frontal facial configuration in both sexes, while frontal and lateral facial averageness was moderately correlated only in women. This pattern was less consistent when individual populations were analyzed separately.ConclusionsWe suggest that, in general, the weak association between lateral and frontal facial configurations may be the result of selection pressures in favor of individual identity signals. Moreover, especially in women, the frontal and lateral dimension of a given facial attractiveness marker may provide similar information about the qualities of the individual. The absence of a significant correlation in male facial averageness suggests that frontal and lateral averageness convey different information about an individual.
Low Heat of Adsorption of Ethylene Achieved by Major Solid‐State Structural Rearrangement of a Discrete Copper(I) Complex
Authors: Jayaratna Naleen B. , Cowan Matthew G. , Parasar Devaborniny , Funke Hans H. , Reibenspies Joseph , Mykhailiuk Pavel K. , Artamonov Oleksii , Noble Richard D. , Dias H. V. Rasika 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe trinuclear copper(I) pyrazolate complex [Cu3] rearranges to the dinuclear analogue [Cu2⋅(C2H4)2] when exposed to ethylene gas. Remarkably, the [Cu3]↔[Cu2⋅(C2H4)2] rearrangement occurs reversibly in the solid state. Furthermore, this transformation emulates solution chemistry. The bond‐making and breaking processes associated with the rearrangement in the solid‐state result in an observed heat of adsorption (−13±1 kJ mol−1 per Cu–C2H4 interaction) significantly lower than other Cu–C2H4 interactions (≥−24 kJ mol−1). The low overall heat of adsorption, “step” isotherms, high ethylene capacity (2.76 mmol g−1; 7.6 wt % at 293 K), and high ethylene/ethane selectivity (136:1 at 293 K) make [Cu3] an interesting basis for the rational design of materials for low‐energy ethylene/ethane separations.
Iridium‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Asymmetric Allylic Dearomatization of Benzene Derivatives
Authors: Yang Ze‐Peng , Jiang Ru , Wu Qing‐Feng , Huang Lin , Zheng Chao , You Shu‐Li 
Published: October 2018

AbstractGuided by the mechanistic insights from computational studies, we have developed an Ir‐catalyzed asymmetric intramolecular allylic dearomatization reaction of benzene derivatives. Under the optimized conditions consisting of a readily available Ir catalyst, a series of spiro[4.5]cyclohexadiene compounds were delivered in reasonable yields (up to 79 %) with good enantioselectivity (up to 99 % ee). The introduction of a malonate diester‐type substituent serves as a key strategy to guide the nucleophilic reactivity of the benzene ring.
Isolation of a TMTAA‐Based Radical in Uranium bis‐TMTAA Complexes
Authors: Hohloch Stephan , Garner Mary E. , Booth Corwin H. , Lukens Wayne W. , Gould Colin A. , Lussier Daniel J. , Maron Laurent , Arnold John 
Published: October 2018

AbstractWe report the synthesis, characterization, and electronic structure studies of a series of thorium(IV) and uranium(IV) bis‐tetramethyltetraazaannulene complexes. These sandwich complexes show remarkable stability towards air and moisture, even at elevated temperatures. Electrochemical studies show the uranium complex to be stable in three different oxidation states; isolation of the oxidized species reveals a rare case of a non‐innocent tetramethyltetraazaannulene (TMTAA) ligand.
Tuning Cu/Cu2O Interfaces for the Reduction of Carbon Dioxide to Methanol in Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Chang Xiaoxia , Wang Tuo , Zhao Zhi‐Jian , Yang Piaoping , Greeley Jeffrey , Mu Rentao , Zhang Gong , Gong Zhongmiao , Luo Zhibin , Chen Jun , Cui Yi , Ozin Geoffrey A. , Gong Jinlong 
Published: October 2018

AbstractArtificial photosynthesis can be used to store solar energy and reduce CO2 into fuels to potentially alleviate global warming and the energy crisis. Compared to the generation of gaseous products, it remains a great challenge to tune the product distribution of artificial photosynthesis to liquid fuels, such as CH3OH, which are suitable for storage and transport. Herein, we describe the introduction of metallic Cu nanoparticles (NPs) on Cu2O films to change the product distribution from gaseous products on bare Cu2O to predominantly CH3OH by CO2 reduction in aqueous solutions. The specifically designed Cu/Cu2O interfaces balance the binding strengths of H* and CO* intermediates, which play critical roles in CH3OH production. With a TiO2 model photoanode to construct a photoelectrochemical cell, a Cu/Cu2O dark cathode exhibited a Faradaic efficiency of up to 53.6 % for CH3OH production. This work demonstrates the feasibility and mechanism of interface engineering to enhance the CH3OH production from CO2 reduction in aqueous electrolytes.