bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DIMENSÕES DO MOTOTRABALHO EM PELOTAS-RS: EXPERIÊNCIAS DE (IN)FORMALIDADE E PRECARIEDADE
Authors: Miranda João Matheus Soares 
Published: November 2018

Resumo O propósito deste artigo consiste em debater e compreender sociologicamente o panorama da precariedade e informalidade, que envolve a experiência dos trabalhos de motoboys e mototaxistas na cidade de Pelotas-RS. As reflexões procedem da dissertação de mestrado do autor (AUTOR, 2017), cujo objetivo fundamentou-se em entender a lógica de inserção e permanência dos mototrabalhadores em atividades consideradas arriscadas e perigosas, bem como analisar a percepção dos trabalhadores sobre os aspectos econômicos da profissão. A ideia aqui apresentada é, partindo dos dados da referida pesquisa, sob metodologia de exercícios etnográficos e história oral, avançar sobre as possíveis análises conceituais de precariedade e informalidade que se configuram na dinâmica do mototrabalho, onde a experiência do emprego socialmente protegido cada vez menos encontra viabilidade e aceitação por parte dos mototrabalhadores. Afinal, o que significa e quais os efeitos do trabalho precário em uma lógica de economia capitalista, na qual a informalidade se apresenta costumeiramente como alternativa disponível ao desemprego e o “formal” exibe traços sintomáticos de precariedade? Palavras-chave: mototrabalhador – (in)formalidade – precariedade.
EL XIII CONGRESO DEL PIT CNT “WLADIMIR TURIANSKY”: UNA OBSERVACIÓN ETNOGRÁFICA.
Authors: Supervielle Marcos , Rivero Leonel , Cosse Leonardo 
Published: November 2018

Los congresos constituyen la máxima instancia de autoridad de los sindicatos, pero a su vez cumplen otras funciones, y ofrecen una condensación de elementos que ayudan a conocer aspectos culturales que muchas veces aparecen esquivos al análisis. En este sentido, la observación etnográfica de los congresos, tal como lo plantean Béroud y Denis (2015), ofrece una herramienta propicia para captarlos e incorporarlos al análisis. Sin embargo para poder aproximarse como observador a este tipo de instancias, es necesario hacer explícitas ciertas categorías de entendimiento previas, que el sociólogo construye a partir de las que utilizan los propios actores involucrados. En esta oportunidad, en el marco del proyecto El sindicalismo uruguayo en el proceso de construcción de una Cultura del Trabajo para el Desarrollo[1], se desarrolló la observación del XIII Congreso del Plenario Intersindical de Trabajadores - Convención Nacional de Trabajadores[2] (PIT-CNT) de Uruguay. En este artículo se desarrollan las categorías de entendimiento con las que nos acercamos al fenómeno, así como los principales resultados de la observación. Los congresos constituyen la máxima instancia de autoridad de los sindicatos, pero a su vez cumplen otras funciones, y ofrecen una condensación de elementos que ayudan a conocer aspectos culturales que muchas veces aparecen esquivos al análisis. En este sentido, la observación etnográfica de los congresos, tal como lo plantean Béroud y Denis (2015), ofrece una herramienta propicia para captarlos e incorporarlos al análisis. Sin embargo para poder aproximarse como observador a este tipo de instancias, es necesario hacer explícitas ciertas categorías de entendimiento previas, que el sociólogo construye a partir de las que utilizan los propios actores involucrados. En esta oportunidad, en el marco del proyecto El sindicalismo uruguayo en el proceso de construcción de una Cultura del Trabajo para el Desarrollo[1], se desarrolló la observación del XIII Congreso del Plenario Intersindical de Trabajadores - Convención Nacional de Trabajadores[2] (PIT-CNT) de Uruguay. En este artículo se desarrollan las categorías de entendimiento con las que nos acercamos al fenómeno, así como los principales resultados de la observación.[1] Proyecto financiado por el Programa de Investigación y desarrollo de la Comisión Sectorial de Investigación Científica de la Universidad de la República (CSIC-UdelaR)[2] El PIT-CNT es la principal central sindical de trabajadores en el Uruguay.
Moderate increases in daily step count are associated with reduced IL6 and CRP in women with PCOS
Authors: Webb M A , Mani H , Robertson S J , Waller H L , Webb D R , Edwardson C L , Bodicoat D H , Yates T , Khunti K , Davies M J 
Published: November 2018

Aims
Physical activity has been proposed to be an effective non-pharmacological method of reducing systemic inflammation and therefore may prove particularly efficacious for women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) who have been shown to have high levels of inflammation and an increased risk of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Therefore, the aim of the present study was to assess whether modest changes in daily step count could significantly reduce levels of inflammatory markers in women with PCOS.

Subjects and Methods
Sixty-five women with PCOS were assessed at baseline and again at 6 months. All had been provided with an accelerometer and encouraged to increase activity levels. Multivariate linear regression analyses (adjusted for age, ethnicity, baseline step count, change in BMI and change in accelerometer wear-time) were used to assess changes in daily step count against clinical and research biomarkers of inflammation, CVD and T2DM.

Results
Mean step count/day at baseline was 6337 (±270). An increase in step count (by 1000 steps) was associated with a 13% reduction in IL6 (β: −0.81 ng/L; 95% CI, −1.37, −0.25, P = 0.005) and a 13% reduction in CRP (β: −0.68 mg/L; 95% CI, −1.30, −0.06, P = 0.033). Additionally, there was a modest decrease in BMI (β: 0.20 kg/m2; 95% CI, −0.38, −0.01, P = 0.038). Clinical markers of T2DM and CVD were not affected by increased step count.

Conclusions
Modest increases in step count/day can reduce levels of inflammatory markers in women with PCOS, which may reduce the future risk of T2DM and CVD.
Impact of a reconstructive stage on the postoperative course in patients with oral cancer
Authors: Boyko A. A. , Karpenko A. V. , Trunin E. M. , Sibgatullin R. R. , Chumanikhina N. S. , Nikolaeva O. M. , Togo I. A. , Kostova M. G. 
Published: November 2018

The study objectiveis to assess effect of the reconstructive stage on the course of the postoperative period in patients with oral cancer.Materials and methods.A retrospective analysis of medical records of 174 patients (121 men and 53 women) aged 36 to 84 years (average 58.26 ± 8.72 years) with oral cancer undergoing treatment from January 2009 to June 2016 was performed. Depending on the nature of the reconstructive stage, the patients were divided into 3 groups. The group 1 consisted of 59 patients, to eliminate the defects of which flaps were taken on axial blood supply, the group 2 included 83 patients who had a reconstructive phase of the operation included a microsurgical reconstruction; 32 patients who had not used additional plastic material to eliminate the defect made up the control group. The following parameters were taken as evaluation parameters: the duration of the operation and hospitalization, the time spent in the intensive care unit, the frequency of serious and frivolous complications. The criterion for distinguishing serious and unserious complications is the fact that the patient returned to the operating room.Results.The reconstructive stage increased the operation duration by 72.12 min in the group 1 and by 285.72 min in the group 2, the length of stay in the intensive care unit – by 0.67 and 2.58 days, respectively, the hospital stay – by 33.9 and 40.4 %. The incidence of complications was higher in the groups 1 and 2 than in the control (6.6 %), and the type of reconstruction had almost no effect on it (42.37 % in the group 1 and 38.55 % in group 2). The frequency of serious complications was higher in the group 2, the frequency of partial flap necrosis – in the group 1.Conclusion.The inclusion of a reconstructive stage into the protocol of surgical treatment for oral cancer is absolutely reasonable, because it gives the patients a chance to return to their normal lives. Microsurgical reconstruction is a costly and labour-consuming procedure; however, it has almost the same number of complication as reconstructive surgery with flaps with an axial blood supply.
The effect of admission to intensive care unit on outcomes and complication rates after head and neck reconstruction
Authors: Carta F. , Figus A. , Chuchueva N. , Quartu D. , Sambiagio G. B. , Loche R. F. , Gerosa C. , Puxeddu R. 
Published: November 2018

The study objectiveis to evaluate the utilisation and effectiveness of intensive care unit (ICU) in the postoperative period as to its potential benefits to the head and neck reconstruction services.Materials and methods. This is a retrospective study on 143 consecutive patients who underwent 144 major head and neck microvascular reconstructive procedures performed by a single surgeon, that focused on perioperative management and on the relation between admission to ICU and complications/outcomes.Results.Thirty-four (23.6 %) patients were admitted to ICU during the early postoperative period. Admission to ICU was not associated with lower incidence of complications compared to direct admission to the Head and Neck ward: 29.4 % vs 27.3 % (p = 0.807709).Conclusion.Routinely early postoperative admission to ICU seems not to improve outcomes and/or reduce complications, and, as a consequence, ICU admission should be restricted to selected patients only.
Efficacy of external beam radiotherapy and targeted therapy with vandenanib in patients with inoperable and progressive medullary thyroid cancer
Authors: Kaprin A. D. , Ivanov S. A. , Sevryukov F. E. , Pimonova I. S. , Isaev P. A. , Severskaya N. V. , Ilyin A. A. , Polkin V. V. , Siomin D. Yu. , Vasilkov S. V. , Derbugov D. N. , Panaseikin Yu. A. , Medvedev V. S. 
Published: November 2018

The study objectiveis to evaluate modern-era radiotherapy (external beam radiotherapy, EBRT) and target therapy (TT) outcomes for advanced medullary thyroid cancer (MTC).Materials and methods.Seventy eight consecutive patients with stage IV MTC were evaluated. All of them with relapsing locally advanced or metastatic MTC, 16 had clinically relevant mediastinal involvement, and 59 had distant metastasis; 26 patients received conformal EBRT or intensity-modulated radiotherapy in monomode, 16 patients – conformal EBRT with simultaneous TT with vandenanib, 36 patients – TT in monomode. Median EBRT dose was 60 Gy.Results.Kaplan–Meier estimates of the median overall survival rate was 14 months for radiotherapy in monomode, 48 months – for conformal EBRT + simultaneous TT with vandenanib, 50 months – for TT in monomode. EBRT and TT allows for significantly shorter periods (median 3.8 weeks), to relieve the symptoms of compression-mediated organs and structures of the neck and mediastinum than in the TT (median 10.2 weeks) (p <0.001).Conclusion.EBRT and TT provided durable locoregional disease control with limited morbidity.
FREQUENCY OF ANATOMICAL VARIATIONS OF NOSE AND PARANASAL SINUSES IN CLINICALLY SUSPECTED RHINOSINUSITIS PATIENTS BY COMPUTERIZED TOMOGRAPHY
Authors: Rasul Shahla , Abdullah Kawa , Ali Tania 
Published: November 2018

Background
The anatomy of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses differs significantly, certain distinct variations are found most frequently among the general population. This makes CT scan an important preoperative investigation in the diagnoses and treatment of rhinosinusitis.
Objectives
To evaluate the types and frequency of anatomical variants in the nose and paranasal sinuses depicted by computed tomography (CT) in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis.
Patients and Methods
This study conducted on 76 patients with clinically suspected chronic rhinosinusitis whose age range from 12–77 years, 31 Males and 45 Females. CT scan were done for them in Sulaimani Teaching Hospital/ Department of Radiology, from March 2016 to September 2016.
Results
In this study, there were 375 variations which were divided on 27 types of variants, 6 of them were more common and represented 66 % of all variations, they were (1) agger nasi cells 79%, (2) nasal septal deviation 78%, (3) concha bullosa 58%, (4) septal spur 46%, (5) onodi cells 36%, (6) anterior clinoid pneumatization 32%. The other 21 less common variants formed 34 %. We found significant association between anterior clinoid pneumatiazation and optic canal dehiscence, also between incidence of atelectatic uncinate process and maxillary sinus hypoplasia.
Conclusion
The most frequent variations where those involved ethmoidal sinus, nasal septum and middle turbinates, particularly agger nasi cell, nasal septum deviation and concha bullosea.
PREVALENCE OF VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY IN DIABETIC PATIENTS
Authors: Mahwi Taha , Raouf Rawand 
Published: November 2018

Background
There are increasing incidence of diabetes around the worldwide, and there are a lot of studies have been considering vitamin D’s role in the incidence, and improving glucose status in diabetes.
Objectives
This study is done to evaluate the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in diabetic patients in Sulaimani Diabetes and Endocrine Center.
Materials and Methods
This is a case-control study done on 100 diabetic patients compared to 100 persons in the general population in Sulaimani/Iraq. Their Vitamin D was estimated from June 1st, 2017 to December 1st, 2017.
Results
Results: The mean age of the diabetic group was (49.68 yr. ± 8.64 SD), and the mean age of the non-diabetic group was (50.49 yr. ±6.78 SD). The mean vitamin D’s level in the diabetic group was (16.91 ng/dl ± 5.5 SD) and in a non-diabetic group was (16.21 ng/dl ±8.59) (P-values= 0.493). Among diabetic group vitamin D level is significantly higher in males with an average of 6.2 mg/dl in comparison to females, (P-Value = 0.024), among diabetic patients, Vitamin D level was deficient in (66%), insufficient in (19%) and was sufficient just in (15%), while in non-diabetic control group vitamin D level was deficient in (77%), insufficient in (20%) and sufficient just in (3%). The P-value for these differences is (0.0052).
Conclusion
The results of this study show the majority of our participants have suboptimal vitamin D level. Vitamin D level was lower in female patients in comparison to male patients.
Şanlıurfa-Siverek’te Yaygın Toprak Gruplarının Besin Elementi Durumları ve Bunların Bazı Toprak Özellikleri ile İlişkileri
Authors: YALÇIN Mehmet , ÇİMRİN Kerim Mesut 
Published: November 2018

Çalışmada Şanlıurfa ili
Siverek ilçesi yaygın toprak gurupları topraklarının bazı makro ve mikro besin
elementlerinin içeriklerinin belirlenmesi ve toprağın bazı özelikleri ile
ilişkilerinin saptanarak, verimlilik durumlarının değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Bu amaçla Siverek ilçesi
yaygın toprak guruplarının topraklarını temsil edecek şekilde iki farklı
derinlikten (0-20 ve 20-40 cm) ve 38 ayrı noktadan olmak üzere toplamda 76
toprak örneği alınmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına gore; toprakların % azot içerikleri
0.01-0.25
ile alınabilir fosfor 0.32-29.98 ppm; değişebilir potasyum
390-3784 ppm; kalsiyum 12113-28515 ppm; magnezyum 734-8103 ppm arasında
belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca alınabilir bakır 0.54-3.61 ppm; demir 3.65-86.67 ppm;
mangan 3.16-50.86 ppm ve çinko 0.09-4.22 ppm aralarında bulunmştur. Çalışma alanı topraklarının yarıdan fazlasında azot (% 57.90), fosfor
(% 65.78) ve çinko (% 63.16) içerikleri yönünden noksanlıklar belirlenirken,
potasyum, kalsiyum, magnezyum, bakır, demir ve mangan içerikleri bakımından ise
yeterli düzeyde olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Toprakların toplam azot ile tuz, silt, kireç ve
organik madde; yarayışlı fosfor ile organik madde; değişebilir potasyum ile
tuz, silt, organik madde ve KDK; kalsiyum ile pH, tuz, silt ve KDK; magnezyum
ve alınabilir demir ile kil; alınabilir demir ile tuz, silt, organik madde ve
KDK; alınabilir mangan ile tuz, kil,
silt ve organik madde ve alınabilir çinko ile organik madde arasında ise
pozitif önemli ilişkiler belirlenmiştir. Toprakların toplam azot, değişebilir
potasyum, kalsiyum, bakır, mangan ve çinko ile kum içerikleri; magnezyum,
alınabilir bakır ve demir ile pH değerleri; kalsiyum ile kil içerikleri ve
magnezyum ile kireç içerikleri arasında negatif önemli ilişkiler bulunmuştur.
Correlates of the “No-Reflow” or “Slow-Flow” Phenomenon in Patients Undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Alidoosti Mohammad , Lotfi Reza , Lotfi-Tokaldany Masoumeh , Nematipour Ebrahim , Salarifar Mojtaba , Poorhosseini Hamidreza , Jalali Arash 
Published: November 2018

Background: Despite recent advances in interventional equipment and techniques, the angiographic no-reflow phenomenon occurs in a considerable number of patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). We investigated the clinical, angiographic, preprocedural, and procedural characteristics associated with the no-reflow phenomenon among patients undergoing primary PCI.
Methods: Between March 2008 and April 2013, 530 patients (78.5% male, mean age=58.11±12.39 y) with ST-segment-elevation myocardial-infarction who underwent primary PCI were categorized in 2 groups according to their postprocedural thrombolysis-in-myocardial infarction (TIMI) flow grades: those with a maximum score of 2 (the no-reflow or slow-flow group) and the ones with a score of 3 (the reflow group). A multivariable logistic regression model was used to find the multiple correlates of the no-reflow phenomenon after PCI.
Results: There were 166 (31.3%) patients in the no-reflow group and 364 (68.7%) in the reflow group. The no-reflow patients were older and had significantly longer target lesion lengths, higher SYNergy between percutaneous coronary intervention with TAXus and cardiac surgery (SYNTAX) scores, higher infarct-related artery SYNTAX scores, more thrombus burden, and a higher frequency of initial TIMI flow grades of 2 or lower. Our multivariable logistic regression analysis demonstrated that older age, higher numbers of Q waves, not using statin, longer target lesion lengths, higher thrombus grades, and higher infarct-related artery SYNTAX scores remained the independent correlates of increased no-reflow rates after primary PCI (area under the ROC curve=0.784, 95% CI: 0.742–0.826; P<0.001).
Conclusion: Clinical, angiographic, and procedural features of patients undergoing primary PCI may be correlated with the occurrence of the no-reflow phenomenon. The thrombus grade and the infarct-related artery SYNTAX score could be among these factors.
Spatiotemporal Statistical Shape Model for Temporal Shape Change Analysis of Adult Brain
Authors: Binte Alam Saadia , Nii Manabu , Shimizu Akinobu , Kobashi Syoji 
Published: November 2018

Background:
This study presents a novel method of constructing a spatiotemporal statistical
shape model (st-SSM) for adult brain. St-SSM is an extension of statistical shape model
(SSM) in the temporal domain which will represent the statistical variability of shape as well as the
temporal change of statistical variance with respect to time.

Aims:
Expectation-Maximization (EM) based weighted principal component analysis (WPCA) using
a temporal weight function is applied where the eigenvalues of each data are estimated by Estep
using temporal eigenvectors, and M-step updates Eigenvectors in order to maximize the variance.
Both E and M-step are iterated until updating vectors reaches the convergence point. A
weight parameter for each subject is allocated in accordance with the subject’s age to calculate the
weighted variance. A Gaussian function is utilized to define the weight function. The center of the
function is a time point while the variance is a predefined parameter.

Methods:
The proposed method constructs adult brain st-SSM by changing the time point between
minimum to maximum age range with a small interval. Here, the eigenvectors changes with aging.
The feature vector of representing adult brain shape is extracted through a level set algorithm. To
validate the method, this study employed 103 adult subjects (age: 22 to 93 y.o. with Mean ± SD =
59.32±16.89) from OASIS database. st-SSM was constructed for time point 40 to 90 with a step of 2.

Results:
We calculated the temporal deformation change between two-time points and evaluated
the corresponding difference to investigate the influence of analysis parameter. An application of
the proposed model is also introduced which involves Alzheimer’s disease (AD) identification utilizing
support vector machine.

Conclusion:
In this study, st-SSM based adult brain shape feature extraction and classification
techniques are introduced to classify between normal and AD subject as an application.
Risk Factors for Postembolization Syndrome After Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization
Authors: Arslan Muhammet , Degirmencioglu Serkan 
Published: November 2018

<P>Background: Transarterial Chemoembolization (TACE) is a minimally invasive treatment
in managing unresectable liver primary neoplasms or liver metastases. Postembolization Syndrome
(PES) is the most common adverse effect after TACE procedures.
</P><P>
Objective: We investigate the risk factors for the development of PES after TACE therapy in patients
with primary or metastatic liver tumors.

Methods:
In a retrospective analysis of 163 patients who underwent TACE between 01/01/2012
and 31/01/2018, patients that were given medication due to pain, fever, nausea or vomiting were
evaluated and noted with PES. Analyses were made to evaluate factors such as age, gender, chemotherapy
agent and dose, tumor size, tumor type, a particle used for embolization, multiple tumor
treatments and selective application of the procedure, which may lead to PES after TACE.

Results:
In a total of 316 patients, PES was observed at a rate of 55 percent after TACE. Tumor
size, number of tumors treated and adopting super selective fashion in the procedure were found to
be related to the development of PES. No relationship was found between age, gender, presence of
ascites, tumor type, size of embolic agent and drug type and the development of PES.

Conclusion:
A treated tumor measuring >5 cm, treating more than one tumor, and the failure to
perform the procedure in a super selective fashion increase the risk of PES development after
TACE.</P>