bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on the tensile failure mechanisms of CFRP‐Al flat‐joggle‐flat bonded joints
Authors: QingXin Gao , ZhiMing Liu , TianYu Zheng , Qinshu Tu , Chen Zhang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis paper focuses on CFRP‐Al bonded joints, experimentally investigating the effects of joint geometries, different types of adhesives, and overlap lengths on the mechanical properties of bonded joints. Digital Image Correlation (DIC) technology was used to monitor the entire tensile processes, and the deformations and fracture processes of the bonded joints were captured. The strain evolution processes of the joints were obtained through analysis, and quantitative analyses of the joint fracture surfaces were conducted. The results indicate that the special geometric shape of the Flat‐Joggle‐Flat (FJF) bonded joint reduce secondary bending effects. Additionally, the joggle section participates in load transfer, significantly enhancing the joint's mechanical performance and altering its failure mode. Joints using ductile adhesives exhibit higher tensile mechanical properties compared to those using brittle adhesives. Compared to the bearing capacity of single‐lap bonded joints with the same overlap length and adhesive, the mechanical performance improvement of FJF bonded joints using ductile adhesives is less pronounced than that of FJF bonded joints using brittle adhesives. Increasing the overlap length enhances the mechanical properties of bonded joints. This study is expected to provide a reference for the engineering application of FJF bonded joints.Highlights
FJF joints have higher bearing capacities compared to single lap joints.
Ductile adhesives can effectively increase the bearing capacities of joints.
Increasing the overlap length can improve the bearing capacities of joints.
The end and middle of the FJF joints jointly bear the load effect.
The failure modes of FJF joints are different from that of single lap joints.
Investigating plant awareness: Methodologies, challenges and possibilities
Authors: Brkovic Irma , Sanders Dawn , Nyberg Eva 
Published: November 2024

Societal Impact StatementPlants are crucial for sustaining life on Earth, and understanding human relationships to plants is key to ensuring that the role of plants is recognized in biology research. This goal cannot be achieved without valid and reliable methods that describe, explain and predict how humans experience plants. Plant awareness is a useful concept that helps researchers understand the individual differences in how people perceive, evaluate and act towards plants. This paper aims to outline the many methodological approaches to researching plant awareness and to critically assess the role plant awareness plays in biology research. Through our suggested guidelines for further methodology development, we hope to strengthen the validity and reliability, and hence the applicability, of scientific work into everyday sustainability and teaching practices.Summary
Understanding the relationships between plants and people is crucial because plants sustain life on earth. Plant awareness is one of the key concepts available that help us describe and understand this relationship. Having a strong and clear methodological framework for studying this phenomenon is a necessary condition for building the bridge between the theoretical concept and its application in educational and conservation contexts.
Here, we explore and systematize methodologies applied in empirical research concerning the concepts of ‘plant blindness’, ‘plant awareness’ and ‘plant awareness disparity’. We examine 46 unique theoretical and empirical contributions.
We discuss the availability and usefulness of existing methodological approaches, applied research designs and measurement tools used as indicators. We present suggestions for their development, and how new research designs could contribute to extant research on plant awareness and related concepts.
We found that both qualitative and quantitative research approaches have been successfully applied in the field, and various indicators were used to measure plant awareness. We offer directions for further methodological development, in choice of research design and measurement tools choices.
Utilizing medical thoracoscopy for the diagnosis of B‐cell lymphoma presenting with pleural effusion: A case series
Authors: Huan Nai‐Chien , Ng Khai Lip , Nyanti Larry Ellee , Khaw Jing Yi , Lee Jiun Hang , Mohd Aminudin Nur Husna , Yunus Dahziela , Azman Nusaibah , Ahmad Sharifuddin Maryam , Ramarmuty Hema Yamini , Sivaraman Kannan Kunji Kannan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractA third of patients with non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) develop pleural effusion during the disease course for various reasons. In most cases, lymphoma‐related pleural effusion is a manifestation of widespread systemic disease, signifying a high tumour burden and therefore, a poorer prognosis. On the other hand, primary pleural lymphomas (PPLs) exhibit exclusive or dominant involvement of serous cavities, without detectable solid tumour masses. PPL is an uncommon disease and is of two types: primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) and diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma associated with chronic inflammation (DLBCL‐CI). PPLs not related to PELs and DLBCL‐CIs are exceedingly rare. Herein, we describe four patients with biopsy proven B‐cell NHL. One had no extra‐pleural involvement at the time of diagnosis, indicating PPL. In all cases, histopathological examination of pleural biopsies obtained via medical thoracoscopy (MT) were crucial in clinching the final diagnosis. Clinicians are alerted to the potential relationship between exudative effusion and NHL as well as the role of MT in the diagnosis of B‐cell NHL.
Strategies for Achieving Carbon Neutrality: Dual‐Atom Catalysts in Focus
Authors: Liu Yuting , Qing Yurui , Jiang Wenhai , Zhou Lili , Chen Cheng , Shen Liguo , Li Bisheng , Zhou Mingzhu , Lin Hongjun 
Published: November 2024

AbstractCarbon neutrality is a fundamental strategy for achieving the sustainable development of human society. Catalyzing CO2 reduction into various high‐value‐added fuels serves as an effective pathway to achieve this strategic objective. Atom‐dispersed catalysts have received extensive attention due to their maximum atomic utilization, high catalytic selectivity, and exceptional catalytic performance. Dual‐atom catalysts (DACs), as an extension of single‐atom catalysts (SACs), not only retain the advantages of SACs, but also produce many new properties. This review initiates its exploration by elucidating the mechanism of CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) from CO2 adsorption and CO2 activation. Then, a comprehensive summary of recently developed preparation methods of DACs is presented. Importantly, the mechanisms underlying the promoted catalytic performance of DACs in comparison to SACs are subjected to a comprehensive analysis from adjustable adsorption capacity, tunable electronic structure, strong synergistic effect, and enhanced spacing effect, elucidating their respective superiorities in CO2RR. Subsequently, the application of DACs in CO2RR is discussed in detail. Conclusively, the prospective trajectories and inherent challenges of CO2RR are expounded upon concerning the continued advancement of DACs. This thorough review not only enhances the comprehension of DACs within CO2RR but also accentuates the prospective developments in the design of sophisticated catalytic materials.
Achieving Phase‐Matching in Nonlinear Optical Materials CsM2In2S6 (M = Cd/In, Hg/In) by the Incorporation of Unprecedented Trigonal Planar MS3 Motifs
Authors: Jiang Lin‐Tao , Huang Yi‐Bing , Pei Shao‐Min , Jiang Xiao‐Ming , Liu Bin‐Wen , Guo Guo‐Cong 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe trigonal planar unit possesses significant hyperpolarizability and polarizability anisotropy, which makes it useful for optimizing nonlinear optical (NLO) materials, however, chalcogenide with this unit has seldom been reported. In this work, a novel approach is introduced by integrating the unprecedented trigonal planar MS3 (M = Cd/In, Hg/In) motifs into the nearly optically isotropic tetrahedral units, resulting in two novel chalcogenides CsM2In2S6 (M = Cd/In, 1; Hg/In, 2). Notably, structures 1 and 2 feature nearly planar triangular units at the center, encircled by three trimers, further interconnecting each other to create 3D frameworks. Importantly, phases 1 and 2 display phase‐matching (PM) capabilities, primarily attributed to incorporating trigonal planar MS3 units that additionally enhance polarizability anisotropy. Furthermore, compounds 1 and 2 demonstrate moderate second‐harmonic generation (SHG) signals (0.70 and 0.84 × AgGaS2@1.7 µm). This study pioneers an efficient strategy for the design of infrared NLO crystals with PM capabilities.
Confined Water Dynamics in Topological Networks Hydrogel for Aqueous Electrochemical Devices
Authors: Zhang Huanrong , Xia Tianlai , Chen Ruoqi , Zhang Lijiaqi , Wang Xusheng , Ma Hui , Chai Yuqiao , Ren Zijing , Ji Junhui , Ma Xinlei , Wu Min , Xue Mianqi 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe unique properties of confined water molecules within polymer networks have garnered extensive research interest in energy storage, catalysis, and sensing. Confined water molecules exhibit higher thermodynamic stability compared to free water, which reduces decomposition and evaporation of water in hydrogel electrolyte system. Herein, a facile strategy is developed to limit active water molecules in a hydrogel network via hydrogen bonding within a topological network. The design of this gel enhances hydrogen bonding between the gel network and water molecules, thereby improving stability by constructing interpenetrating networks. Using this design, the topological network gel is selected as the electrolyte for batteries, demonstrating an extended electrochemical window from 2.37 V with polyvinyl alcohol gel to 2.96 V, indicating superior confinement of water molecules by hydrogen bonds in the topological network. Additionally, batteries and capacitors assembled with the topological gel exhibit high‐capacity retention rates of 94.25% after 20 000 cycles at a current density of 1.0 A g−1 and 87.63% after 10 000 cycles at a current density of 0.5 A g−1, respectively. This study demonstrates the feasibility of using a topological gel design to enhance gel electrolyte stability, offering a promising avenue for future research in regulating topological networks within gels for various applications.
Controlling the Phase Composition of Pre‐Catalysts to Obtain Abundant Cu(111)/Cu(200) Grain Boundaries for Enhancing Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction Selectivity to Ethylene
Authors: Zhang Zekun , Li Shiji , Zhang Qian , Li Mingtao , Yang Liu , Yan Wei , Xu Hao 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe preparation of ethylene (C2H4) by electrochemical CO2 reduction (ECO2R) has dramatically progressed in recent years. However, the slow kinetics of carbon‐carbon (C‐C) coupling remains a significant challenge. A generalized facet reconstruction strategy is reported to prepare a 3‐phase mixed pre‐catalyst (Cu3N‐300) of Cu3N, Cu2O, and CuO by controlling the calcination temperature and to obtain the derived Cu catalyst (A‐Cu3N‐300‐0.5) enriched with Cu(111)/Cu(200) grain boundaries (GBs) by subsequent constant potential reduction. Its Faraday efficiency (FE) toward C2H4 at a low reaction potential of −1.07 V (vs reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE)) is 46.03%, which is much higher than the other 3 derived Cu catalysts containing single Cu(111) facets (24.89% and 24.52%) and Cu(111)/Cu(111) GBs (28.66%). Combining in situ experimental and theoretical computational studies, abundant Cu(111)/Cu(200) GBs is found to enhance CO2 activation and significantly promote the formation and adsorption of *CO intermediates, thereby lowering the activation energy barrier of C‐C coupling and increasing the FE of C2H4.
AI‐Augmented Software Engineering: Revolutionizing or Challenging Software Quality and Testing?
Authors: Ramos Tafline , Dean Amanda , McGregor David 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTWith organizations seeking faster, cheaper, and smarter ways of delivering higher quality software, many are looking towards generative artificial intelligence (AI) to drive efficiencies and innovation throughout the software development lifecycle. However, generative AI can suffer from several fundamental issues, including a lack of traceability in concept generation and decision‐making, the potential for making incorrect inferences (hallucinations), shortcomings in response quality, and bias. Quality engineering (QE) has long been utilized to enable more efficient and effective delivery of higher quality software. A core aspect of QE is adopting quality models to support various lifecycle practices, including requirements definition, quality risk assessments, and testing. In this position paper, we introduce the application of QE to AI systems, consider shortcomings in existing AI quality models from the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), and propose extensions to ISO models based on the results of a survey. We also reflect on skills that IT graduates may need in the future, to support delivery of better‐quality AI.
Mechanical characterization of SFRC with annealed and galvanized steel fibers by different test typologies
Authors: Meza‐de Luna Alejandro , Salinas Gutierrez Rogelio , Cunha Vítor M. C. F. , Qi Jianan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSteel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) is a composite material with randomly distributed fibers, which improve the concrete's post‐cracking residual strength and toughness. Usually, the micromechanical performance of single fibers is studied under pullout tests, analyzing its load–slip relationships, which translate the bond behavior between the fiber–concrete interface. In this research, three different test typologies, summing up 110 trials, were performed to analyze the influence of distinct parameters on the fiber pullout behavior, such as tensile strength, friction, shape, embedded length, and position. The fibers were manufactured using local steel (annealed and galvanized wires). The results showed that the materials used have a significantly lower tensile strength than the ones used in industrial fibers, that is, 7 times lower. However, the interaction fiber–concrete tested under pullout strength was similar between annealed, galvanized, and industrial steels. Also, the data were analyzed using statistical tests as a criterion to find the parameters with a significant difference in the responses. The statistical analysis pointed out that the main parameters that control the mechanical behavior of the fiber–concrete interaction are the fiber shape and embedded length. The pullout efficiency showed that the highest performance was on specimens with low embedded length.
Ethnographers and Subjectivity; Doctors and Comradely Critique
Authors: Pushkar Piyush 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTMaintaining independent theoretical analyses can present difficulties when doing research with experts, since such experts develop their own arguments, often framed in sociological language. I interrogate techniques for overcoming these difficulties. In the relational, embedded work of participant-observation, how can the ethnographer maintain her own authorial voice while remaining faithful to her interlocutors? Reflexive consideration of my positionality helped to make sense of my interlocutors’ temporalities and moral arguments.
Asymmetries of Knowledge and Asymmetries of Power: The Lights and Shades of Anthropology in Biomedical Context
Authors: Greco Cinzia 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis chapter explores the power imbalances created by the differing prestige of social and medical sciences, particularly how social scientists can engage with STEM and biomedicine. This issue arises from my fieldwork in France, Italy, and the United Kingdom, focused on the complexities of living with breast cancer through interviews with patients, medical professionals, and family members. What does it mean for anthropologists to navigate different knowledge systems, including anthropological theories, medical expertise, and patients’ insights? This chapter addresses this question by examining key aspects contributing to biomedicine’s perception as an objective science and influencing the ethnographic experience in medical settings. I discuss how scientific language and data presentation reinforce the notion of objectivity in biomedical findings. I also address how the ethnographer’s positionality—such as gender, nationality, or career status—can affect access. This chapter explores how knowledge imbalances can translate into power imbalances and how different hierarchical positions can reinforce these disparities.
A Strongly Convergent Algorithm for Approximating a Common Solution to Fixed Point and Mixed Equilibrium Problems
Authors: Kajola S. A. , Narain O. K. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we propose an inertial iterative method for solving a common solution to the fixed point and mixed equilibrium problem in Hilbert spaces. We prove the sequence generated by the proposed algorithm strongly converges to an element in the solution set of mixed equilibrium problems of a pair of bi-function, which is also the solution to a fixed point of demicontractive mapping. Finally, we give some numerical experiments to support our main result. Our result extends and generalizes some earlier announced results in the literature.
Understanding Mechanisms that Maintain Social Anxiety Disorder in Autistic Individuals Through the Clark and Wells (1995) Model and Beyond: A Systematic Review
Authors: Lei Jiedi , Mason Charlotte , Russell Ailsa , Hollocks Matthew J. , Leigh Eleanor 
Published: November 2024

AbstractGiven the high co-occurrence of social anxiety in autism, no reviews to date have explored how cognitive and behavioural mechanisms identified to maintain social anxiety in non-autistic individuals may operate in autistic individuals. This systematic review evaluated: (1) empirical evidence underlying the Clark and Wells (1995) Cognitive Model of Social Anxiety in autistic individuals; (2) how vulnerability factors identified from autism literature (beyond core autistic traits) may be associated with social anxiety beyond the cognitive model. Published peer-reviewed English articles until 27th November 2023 were retrieved from PubMed, EMBASE, Ovid MEDLINE and PsycINFO. Quality appraisal and risk of bias were assessed using The Standard Quality Assessment Criteria for Evaluating Primary Research papers from a Variety of Fields tool. 47 articles met full inclusion criteria and included autistic individuals (with clinical diagnosis), a measure of social anxiety, and a mechanism outlined by either (or both) research questions. The majority of the 3340 participants across studies were male without intellectual disability, White/Caucasian, with 7 studies reporting an average age above 30 years old. Most studies used only self-report measures that may have inflated associations observed between social anxiety and mechanisms. All studies employed cross-sectional design, and no causality inferences could be drawn. Methodological issues around potential construct overlaps between social anxiety and autistic traits are highlighted. Overall, there is evidence in support of the as reported by Clark and Well (in: Heimberg (eds), A cognitive model of social phobia, The Guilford Press, 1995) model, as greater fear of negative evaluation from others, use of safety behaviours and somatic symptoms, and peer victimisation were associated with greater social anxiety. The review contributes evidence in support of autism specific contextual, predisposing/antecedent and maintenance factors of social anxiety beyond the original Clark and Well (in: Heimberg (eds), A cognitive model of social phobia, The Guilford Press, 1995) model. Given the potential for considerable heterogeneity for each highlighted process at an individual level across autistic individuals, clinicians can broaden formulation conversations with autistic clients to understand how autism related factors may influence the development and maintenance of social anxiety symptoms when applying and adapting the Clark and Well (in: Heimberg (eds), A cognitive model of social phobia, The Guilford Press, 1995) model.
The Determinacy Problem in Quantum Mechanics
Authors: Mariani Cristian 
Published: November 2024

AbstractOf the many ways of getting at the core of the weirdnesses in quantum mechanics, there’s one which traces back to Schrödinger’s seminal 1935 paper, and has to do with the apparent fuzzy nature of the reality described by the formalism through the wavefunction $$\psi$$
ψ
. This issue, which I will be calling the Determinacy Problem, is distinct from the standard measurement problem of quantum mechanics, despite Schrödinger himself ends up conflating the two. I will argue that the Determinacy Problem is an exquisitely philosophical problem, for as it is standard when facing any phenomenon which appears to have indeterminate or fuzzy characteristics, the solutions available are to either blame the deficiencies of our language, or our lack of knowledge, or to blame the world itself. These three attitudes can already be found in the literature on quantum mechanics, either explicitly or implicitly, and they appear to motivate three very distinct research programs: high-dimensional realism, primitive ontology, and quantum indeterminacy.
Warming of shallow temperate lakes: consequences for rotifer community composition and population dynamics
Authors: Devkota Nischal , Salis Romana K. , Hansson Lars-Anders 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Taxa specific responses to climate warming may shape aquatic communities, dominance patterns, biotic interactions, and related ecosystem processes and functions. As climate warming effects on smaller zooplankton are less understood than larger zooplankton, we focused on rotifers to study their response to a future climate warming scenario in outdoor mesocosms. Our year-long experiment (14 July 2020 to 13 July 2021) included present temperature conditions as controls and a treatment simulating a future warmer climate involving occasional heatwaves. Total rotifer abundance increased with warming, with Keratella spp. and Polyarthra spp. benefiting the most, while the Kellicottia spp. population collapsed. Filinia spp. were negatively affected by warming in the summer of 2020, but increased during winter and the following summer. Our findings suggest that thermophilic or eurytherm rotifers such as Keratella and Polyarthra may increase in a warmer future, while heat-sensitive Kellicottia may be negatively affected in the temperate region. Milder winters may allow some rotifer genera to proliferate while allowing others to recover from high summer temperatures, thereby considerably changing the composition and dominance patterns of rotifer assemblages.