bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reliability of neurometabolite detection with two‐dimensional localized correlation spectroscopy at 3T
Authors: Arm Jameen , Al‐iedani Oun , Quadrelli Scott , Ribbons Karen , Lea Rod , Lechner‐Scott Jeannette , Ramadan Saadallah 
Published: April 2018

BACKGROUNDTwo‐dimensional localized correlational spectroscopy (2D L‐COSY) has been applied in vivo to investigate metabolic profiles in many disorders due to its ability to detect several metabolites simultaneously. Successful application of this technique depends on the reliability of the detection and understanding of the variability result from test–retest measurements.PURPOSETo evaluate the test–retest repeatability/reliability of 2D L‐COSY in detecting brain metabolites in a phantom and healthy subjects in a 3T scanner.STUDY TYPETest–retest. POPULATION/PHANTOM: Six healthy subjects and magnetic resonance spectroscopy–high definition (MRS‐HD) sphere or “Braino”.FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE3T/2D L‐COSY MRS.ASSESSMENTHealthy subjects underwent eight weekly experiments over a period of 3 months with an intersession delay of 1 month after the first four measurements. Twenty‐nine neurometabolite resonances (8 diagonal, 14 cross, and 7 composite resonances) were studied using a 27 cm3 voxel from the posterior cingulate cortex. In vitro evaluations were performed in a similar manner as in vivo on a Braino phantom containing brain metabolites at physiological concentrations and pH.STATISTICAL TESTSIntra‐ and intersubject variability were measured. Test–retest repeatability was calculated using coefficient of variation (CV), and reliability was assessed with standard error measurement (SEM) and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), using SPSS software.RESULTSThe intra/inter CV for in vitro and in vivo data ranged from 0.01–0.23%/0.02–0.29% and 0.03–0.23%/0.04–0.39%, respectively. The major diagonal peaks showed ICC ranging from 0.31 to 0.93, while the ICC for cross peaks were 0.09–0.87. The SEM for in vivo data ranged from 0.0016 to 0.08. The interweek interval may have a positive effect on metabolite ratios (P = 0.08; F = 1.78).DATA CONCLUSIONThe low variability in metabolite concentration in this study shows a high level of reliability of 2D L‐COSY in the human brain.Level of Evidence: 2Technical Efficacy: Stage 1J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2018;48:1559–1569
Posterior Wall Punctures Between Long‐ and Short‐Axis Techniques in a Phantom Intravenous Model
Authors: Davda Darien , Schrift David 
Published: April 2018

ObjectivesTo determine whether a long‐axis, in‐plane approach to ultrasound‐guided vascular access produces fewer posterior wall punctures than a short‐axis, out‐of‐plane approach when attempted by novices without prior ultrasound‐guided procedural experience.MethodsParticipants were randomized to perform either technique on a ballistic gel–based phantom in a randomized controlled trial. They were then crossed over to repeat the experiment using the alternative approach. The primary outcome was posterior wall puncture occurrences. Secondary outcomes included cannulation success, the time to cannulation, and provider preferences. These were formulated before data collection.ResultsForty participants completed the study. There were 6 posterior wall punctures in the short‐axis, out‐of‐plane approach (15%) and 1 in the long‐axis, in‐plane approach (2.5%). A posterior wall puncture was less likely to occur when the long‐axis approach was used (odds ratio, 0.15; 95% confidence interval, 0.02–0.91). There was no statistical difference in rates of successful cannulation and the time to cannulation. Eighty percent preferred the long‐axis approach, whereas 85% stated that the long‐axis approach provided better visualization of the needle tip throughout the procedure.ConclusionsThe long‐axis, in‐plane approach compared to the short‐axis, out‐of‐plane approach for ultrasound‐guided cannulation on a phantom resulted in fewer posterior wall punctures, better needle tip visibility, and higher preference among novices.
Sediment respiration drives circulation and production of CO2 in ice‐covered Alaskan arctic lakes
Authors: MacIntyre Sally , Cortés Alicia , Sadro Steven 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe goals of our study were to (1) quantify production of CO2 during winter ice‐cover in arctic lakes, (2) develop methodologies which would enable prediction of CO2 production from readily measured variables, and (3) improve understanding of under‐ice circulation as it influences the distribution of dissolved gases under the ice. To that end, we combined in situ measurements with profile data. CO2 production averaged 20 mg C m−2 d−1 in a 3 m deep lake and ∼ 45 mg C m−2 d−1 in four larger lakes, similar to experimental observations at temperatures below 4°C. CO2 production was predicted by the initial rate of loss of oxygen near the sediments at ice‐on and by the full water column loss of oxygen throughout the winter. The time series data also showed the lake‐size and time dependent contribution of sediment respiration to under‐ice circulation and the decreased near‐bottom flows enabling anoxia and CH4 accumulation.
Customer satisfaction in Asia
Authors: Yi Youjae , Nataraajan Rajan 
Published: April 2018

AbstractCustomer satisfaction is a key concept in modern marketing thought and practice, which emphasizes delivering satisfaction to customers and obtaining profits in return. Given the rapid growth of the markets in Asia, it is increasingly important to examine the applicability of customer satisfaction models and theories in Asian countries that have different economic and cultural characteristics compared to Western countries. This special issue thus brings together researchers from various disciplines interested in advancing customer satisfaction research in Asia. Brief descriptions of each of the seven articles featured in this issue are furnished. Collectively, these articles provide useful insights for those who wish to understand key factors for successful customer satisfaction management in Asia.
Profiles of Streptococcus thermophilus MN‐ZLW‐002 nutrient requirements in controlled pH batch fermentations
Authors: Liu Gefei , Qiao Yali , Zhang Yanjiao , Leng Cong , Sun Jiahui , Chen Hongyu , Zhang Yan , Li Aili , Feng Zhen 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the profiles of Streptococcus thermophilus nutrient requirements to guide the design of media for high cell density culturing. The growth kinetics, physiological state, and nutrient requirement profiles of S. thermophilus were analyzed in chemically defined media. The results showed that the intracellular ATP concentration, H+‐ATPase activity, NADH/NAD+, and NH3 concentrations varied with intracellular pH. The nutrient components with the highest amounts required were Leu and Asp; ascorbic acid and p‐amino benzoic acid; K+ and PO43−; and guanine and uracil. The nutrient components with the largest required ratios were Arg, His, and Met; folic acid, cyanocobalamine, biotin, and nicotinic acid; Ca2+ and Mg2+; and guanine and uracil. In this study, different nutrient components were primarily used at different phase. Trp, Tyr, calcium pantothenate, thiamine, guanine, and Mg2+ were mainly used from late‐lag to midexponential phase. Met, Pro, Phe, Ala, Gly, nicotinic acid, and riboflavin were mainly used from midexponential to late‐exponential phase. The highest bioavailabilities of nutrient components were also found at diverse phase. Met, Leu, Ile, Asn, Glu, Lys, Pro, Gly, riboflavin, nicotinic acid, adenine, uracil, inosine, and Ca2+ had the highest bioavailability from late‐lag to midexponential phase. Lactose, Glu, Asp, His, Trp, Cys, Val, Arg, Phe, Ala, Ser, Thr, Tyr, folate and cobalamin, calcium pantothenate, ascorbic acid, thiamine, biotin, p‐amino benzoic acid, vitamin B6, K+, Mg2+, guanine, xanthine, and PO43− had the highest bioavailability from midexponential to late‐exponential phase. This study elucidated the nutrient requirement profiles with culture time and biomass at various average growth rates during the growth of S. thermophilus. The present results will help to formulate complex media for high cell density cultivation and provide the theoretical basis for S. thermophilus feeding strategies.
Dietary Composition and Trophic Niche Partitioning of Spotty-bellied Greenlings Hexagrammos agrammus, Fat Greenlings H. otakii, Korean Rockfish Sebastes schlegelii, and Japanese Seaperch Lateolabrax japonicus in the Yellow Sea Revealed by Stomach Content Analysis and Stable Isotope Analysis
Authors: Zhang Yingqiu , Xu Qiang , Xu Qinzeng , Alós Josep , Zhang Hongye , Yang Hongsheng 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Stable nitrogen and carbon isotope ratios of fish tissues, in combination with stomach content analysis, provide insights into how energy flows through marine food webs. Using these techniques, we investigated the diets and trophic niches of four important fish species of the Yellow Sea: the Spotty-bellied Greenling Hexagrammos agrammus, Fat Greenling H. otakii, Korean Rockfish Sebastes schlegelii, and Japanese Seaperch Lateolabrax japonicus. The stomach content analysis revealed that Spotty-bellied Greenlings mainly fed on crabs and fish; Fat Greenlings mainly preyed on fish, crabs, and shrimps; Korean Rockfish primarily consumed fish and shrimps; and Japanese Seaperch mainly fed on fish. Korean Rockfish had the highest dietary breadth index among the four fish species. Dietary composition of the four species did not overlap significantly, as indicated by Schoener's index. Prey category composition varied across fish species and differed between species pairs (except Korean Rockfish and Japanese Seaperch), as suggested by permutational ANOVA tests. The stable isotope analysis suggested that Japanese Seaperch had significantly higher δ13C and δ15N and had a significantly different centroid position, both of which indicated a higher trophic position. The corrected standard ellipse area on the δ15N–δ13C (‰) biplot varied in size among species and significantly overlapped in the three rockfishes, with the largest overlap area observed between Fat Greenlings and Korean Rockfish. The results, in general, suggested that the three rockfish species, especially Korean Rockfish and Fat Greenlings, had similar trophic niches, but they were partitioned by prey resources according to the stomach content composition. Our study provides novel insights into the dietary niches and trophic dynamics of these four exploited species, which could help to improve ecosystem-based fisheries management in the Yellow Sea.
White matter degeneration profile in the cognitive cortico‐subcortical tracts in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Hanganu Alexandru , Houde Jean‐Christophe , Fonov Vladimir S. , Degroot Clotilde , Mejia‐Constain Beatriz , Lafontaine Anne‐Louise , Soland Valérie , Chouinard Sylvain , Collins Louis D. , Descoteaux Maxime , Monchi Oury 
Published: April 2018

AbstractBackground:In Parkinson's disease cognitive impairment is an early nonmotor feature, but it is still unclear why some patients are able to maintain their cognitive performance at normal levels, as quantified by neuropsychological tests, whereas others cannot. The objectives of this study were to perform a cross‐sectional study and analyze the white matter changes in the cognitive and motor bundles in patients with Parkinson's disease.Methods: Sixteen Parkinson's disease patients with normal cognitive performance, 19 with mild cognitive impairment (based on their performance of 1.5 standard deviations below the healthy population mean), and 16 healthy controls were compared with respect to their tractography patterns between the cortical cognitive / motor regions and subcortical structures, using high angular resolution diffusion imaging and constrained spherical deconvolution computation.Results: Motor bundles showed decreased apparent fiber density in both PD groups, associated with a significant increase in diffusivity metrics, number of reconstructed streamlines, and track volumes, compared with healthy controls. By contrast, in the cognitive bundles, decreased fiber density in both Parkinson's groups was compounded by the absence of changes in diffusivity in patients with normal cognition, whereas patients with cognitive impairment had increased diffusivity metrics, lower numbers of reconstructed streamlines, and lower track volumes.Conclusions: Both PD groups showed similar patterns of white matter neurodegeneration in the motor bundles, whereas cognitive bundles showed a distinct pattern: Parkinson's patients with normal cognition had white matter diffusivity metrics similar to healthy controls, whereas in patients with cognitive impairment white matter showed a neurodegeneration pattern. © 2018 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Relationships between self‐reported sleep quality components and cognitive functioning in breast cancer survivors up to 10 years following chemotherapy
Authors: Henneghan Ashley M. , Carter Patricia , Stuifbergan Alexa , Parmelee Brennan , Kesler Shelli 
Published: April 2018

AbstractObjectiveLinks have been made between aspects of sleep quality and cognitive function in breast cancer survivors (BCS), but findings are heterogeneous. The objective of this study is to examine relationships between specific sleep quality components (latency, duration, efficiency, daytime sleepiness, sleep disturbance, use of sleep aids) and cognitive impairment (performance and perceived), and determine which sleep quality components are the most significant contributors to cognitive impairments in BCS 6 months to 10 years post chemotherapy.MethodsWomen 21 to 65 years old with a history of non‐metastatic breast cancer following chemotherapy completion were recruited. Data collection included surveys to evaluate sleep quality and perceived cognitive impairments, and neuropsychological testing to evaluate verbal fluency and memory. Descriptive statistics, bivariate correlations, and hierarchical multiple regression were calculated.ResultsNinety women (mean age 49) completed data collection. Moderate significant correlations were found between daytime dysfunction, sleep efficiency, sleep latency, and sleep disturbance and perceived cognitive impairment (Rs = −0.37 to −0.49, Ps < .00049), but not objective cognitive performance of verbal fluency, memory, or attention. After accounting for individual and clinical characteristics, the strongest predictors of perceived cognitive impairments were daytime dysfunction, sleep efficiency, and sleep disturbance.ConclusionsFindings support links between sleep quality and perceived cognitive impairments in BCS and suggest specific components of sleep quality (daytime dysfunction, sleep efficiency, and sleep disturbance) are associated with perceived cognitive functioning in this population. Findings can assist clinicians in guiding survivors to manage sleep and cognitive problems and aid in the design of interventional research.
Monitoring the coastal zone using earth observation: application of linear spectral unmixing to coastal dune systems in Wales
Authors: Ettritch Georgina , Bunting Peter , Jones Gwawr , Hardy Andy 
Published: April 2018

AbstractCoastal sand dune systems across temperate Europe are presently characterized by a high level of ecological stabilization and a subsequent loss of biological diversity. The use of continuous monitoring within these systems is vital to the preservation of species richness, particularly with regard to the persistence of early stage pioneer species dependent on a strong sediment supply. Linear spectral unmixing was applied to archived Landsat data (1975–2014) and historical aerial photography (1941–1962) for monitoring bare sand (BS) cover dynamics as a proxy for ecological dune stabilization. Using this approach, a time series of change was calculated for Kenfig Burrows, a 6‐km2 stabilized dune system in South Wales, during 1941–2014. The time series indicated that a rapid level of stabilization had occurred within the study area over a period of 75 years. Accuracy assessment of the data indicated the suitability of medium‐resolution imagery with an RMSE of <10% across all images and a difference of <3% between observed and predicted BS area. Temporal resolution was found to be a significant factor in the representation of BS cover with fluctuations occurring on a sub‐decadal scale, outside of the margin of error introduced through the use of medium‐resolution Landsat imagery. This study demonstrates a tractable approach for mapping and monitoring ecologically sensitive regions at a sub‐Landsat pixel level.
3D Networks of CoFePi with Hierarchical Porosity for Effective OER Electrocatalysis
Authors: Zhou Yao , Zeng Hua Chun 
Published: April 2018

AbstractA series of amorphous 3D Co‐based phosphate networks with hierarchical porosity, including the CoPi, the binary CoM1Pi and the trinary CoM1M2Pi (Mi = NiII, FeIII, CeIII) are produced via a novel bitemplate coprecipitation approach at room temperature. Interestingly, the integration of FeIII and CoII in the same network is found to significantly influence both the porosity and the electronic state of CoII. The CoFePi with a FeIII to CoII mole ratio of 0.91 has a specific surface area of 170 m2 g−1 and average pore size of 12.3 nm, larger than those of the CoPi network; furthermore, the CoII within such CoFePi exhibits a higher oxidation state than that in the CoPi. Due to such structural and compositional merits, the binary CoFePi network shows superior oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalytic activity, which gives an overpotential as low as 0.315 V at 10 mA cm−2 and a Tafel slope of 33 mV dec−1 in 0.10 m KOH. Additionally, the trinary CoFeNiPi demonstrates similar OER catalytic performance. The two phosphate networks also exhibit remarkable catalytic stability. In view of their easy preparation, superior activity, high stability, and low cost, such transition metal phosphate networks are promising catalysts for practical OER processes.
Microfluidic Mass Production of Stabilized and Stealthy Liquid Metal Nanoparticles
Authors: Tang Shi‐Yang , Qiao Ruirui , Yan Sheng , Yuan Dan , Zhao Qianbin , Yun Guolin , Davis Thomas P. , Li Weihua 
Published: April 2018

AbstractFunctional nanoparticles comprised of liquid metals, such as eutectic gallium indium (EGaIn) and Galinstan, present exciting opportunities in the fields of flexible electronics, sensors, catalysts, and drug delivery systems. Methods used currently for producing liquid metal nanoparticles have significant disadvantages as they rely on both bulky and expensive high‐power sonication probe systems, and also generally require the use of small molecules bearing thiol groups to stabilize the nanoparticles. Herein, an innovative microfluidics‐enabled platform is described as an inexpensive, easily accessible method for the on‐chip mass production of EGaIn nanoparticles with tunable size distributions in an aqueous medium. A novel nanoparticle‐stabilization approach is reported using brushed polyethylene glycol chains with trithiocarbonate end‐groups negating the requirements for thiol additives while imparting a “stealth” surface layer. Furthermore, a surface modification of the nanoparticles is demonstrated using galvanic replacement and conjugation with antibodies. It is envisioned that the demonstrated microfluidic technique can be used as an economic and versatile platform for the rapid production of liquid metal‐based nanoparticles for a range of biomedical applications.
Type‐I Transition Metal Dichalcogenides Lateral Homojunctions: Layer Thickness and External Electric Field Effects
Authors: Xia Congxin , Xiong Wenqi , Du Juan , Wang Tianxing , Peng Yuting , Wei Zhongming , Li Jingbo , Jia Yu 
Published: April 2018

AbstractTransition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) heterostructures have been widely explored due to the formation of type‐II band alignment and interlayer exciton. However, the studies of type‐I TMD heterostructures are still lacking, which limit their applications in luminescence devices. Here, the 1L/nL MX2 (n = 2, 3, 4; M = Mo, W; X = S, Se) lateral homojunction based on the layer‐dependent band gaps of TMD nanosheets is theoretically simulated. The studies show that the TMD homojunction presents with high thermal stability and type‐I band alignment. The band offset and quantum confinement of carriers can be easily tuned by controlling the thickness of the multilayer region. Moreover, the electric field can decrease the band gaps of 1L/3L and 1L/4L homojunctions linearly. Interestingly, for the 1L/2L MX2 homojunction, the gap value is robust to the weak electric field, while it drops sharply under a strong electric field. This study sheds light on the physical pictures in the TMD lateral homojunction, and provides a practicable and general approach to engineer a type‐I homojunction based 2D semiconductor materials.
How Autistic Traits, Inattention and Hyperactivity-Impulsivity Symptoms Influence Depression in Nonclinical Undergraduate Students? Mediating Role of Depressive Rumination
Authors: Horibe Koji , Hasegawa Akira 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
A few studies have indicated that adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) are more inclined to ruminate than adults in the general population. The present study examined whether subclinical ASD symptoms including difficulties in social interaction and attention to detail and ADHD symptoms that were composed of inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity were related to depressive rumination in undergraduate students. This study also examined whether rumination is a mediating factor in the relationship of ASD and ADHD symptoms with depression. Non-clinical undergraduate students (N = 294) in Japan completed the Autism-Spectrum Quotient, Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale, interpersonal conflict subscale of the Interpersonal Stress Event Scale, Ruminative Responses Scale, and Beck Depression Inventory-Second Edition. Structural equation modeling indicated that hyperactivity-impulsivity was positively associated with rumination both directly and indirectly via interpersonal conflict, and that attention to detail and inattention were directly and positively related to rumination. The significant relationship between difficulties in social interaction and rumination disappeared after controlling for the influence of depression. These findings indicated that one pathway through which hyperactivity-impulsivity symptoms prolong rumination might be through the increase in interpersonal conflict. In addition, it is possible that cognitive inflexibility, academic difficulties, and adverse driving outcomes caused by attention to detail, inattention as well as hyperactivity-impulsivity may lead to rumination. Moreover, attention to detail, inattention, and hyperactivity-impulsivity indirectly increased depression via rumination, indicating that rumination is an important mediator in the relationship of subclinical ASD and ADHD symptoms with depression.
Computational solvation analysis of biomolecules in aqueous ionic liquid mixtures
Authors: Zeindlhofer Veronika , Schröder Christian 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Based on their tunable properties, ionic liquids attracted significant interest to replace conventional, organic solvents in biomolecular applications. Following a Gartner cycle, the expectations on this new class of solvents dropped after the initial hype due to the high viscosity, hydrolysis, and toxicity problems as well as their high cost. Since not all possible combinations of cations and anions can be tested experimentally, fundamental knowledge on the interaction of the ionic liquid ions with water and with biomolecules is mandatory to optimize the solvation behavior, the biodegradability, and the costs of the ionic liquid. Here, we report on current computational approaches to characterize the impact of the ionic liquid ions on the structure and dynamics of the biomolecule and its solvation layer to explore the full potential of ionic liquids.