bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Japanese real‐world study of sequential nivolumab and ipilimumab treament in melanoma
Authors: Tsutsumida Arata , Fukushima Satoshi , Yokota Kenji , Yoshikawa Shusuke , Yamasaki Osamu , Tanemura Atsushi , Okuyama Ryuhei , Uhara Hisashi , Muto Yusuke , Miyashita Azusa , Akiyama Masashi , Kaji Tatsuya , Koga Hiroshi , Kato Junji , Katayama Teruaki , Itakura Eijun , Yamazaki Naoya , Kiyohara Yoshio 
Published: September 2019

AbstractTo describe the treatment patterns of nivolumab and ipilimumab in Japan, a retrospective observational study was conducted in melanoma patients who received nivolumab and ipilimumab sequentially. Patients who received nivolumab and ipilimumab in combination were excluded from this study. Efficacy was evaluated by the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) in terms of the overall response rate (ORR), progression‐free survival (PFS), and disease control rate (DCR). Overall survival (OS) was also evaluated. Safety was assessed by the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE). The treatment for all 68 patients enrolled involved switching from nivolumab to ipilimumab in 61 patients and switching from ipilimumab to nivolumab in seven patients. Switching occurred because of progressive disease in 55 patients and adverse events in eight patients. The median number of ipilimumab doses was three. Ipilimumab treatment achieved an ORR and DCR of 4.9% and 21.3%, respectively, and the median OS from start of ipilimumab was 7.0 months. During the study period, no new safety signals were noted. Independent factors which were indicative of poor prognosis for PFS were high neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and high C‐reactive protein (CRP) levels before ipilimumab treatment. An evaluation over a washout period indicated that no significant relationship existed with efficacy or safety. For the sequential administration of nivolumab and ipilimumab in Japanese melanoma patients, switch from nivolumab to ipilimumab was common, and the major reason for switching was progressive disease. The major prognostic factors for ipilimumab PFS after nivolumab were NLR and CRP before ipilimumab treatment.
Strengths, Limitations, and Recommendations for Instrumental Color Measurement in Forensic Soil Characterization
Authors: Dong Christine E. , Webb Jodi B. , Bottrell Maureen C. , Saginor Ian , Lee Brad D. , Stern Libby A. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractColor determination of soil evidence is often done by visual comparison to soil color charts. A handheld spectrophotometer was tested with representative materials for its suitability for forensic soil characterization. Instrumental colorimetry provides accurate colorimetry with ~10‐fold better precision than a soil color chart. The minimum sample size for accurate color determination was between 0.02 and 0.04 mg of fine soil for the specific instrument tested. Reporting colors in the L*a*b* space permits quantification of ΔE00, a measure of perceptible color difference, could enable objective quantification of small color differences and thresholds for forensic soil comparisons. A ΔE00 greater than ~ 3.5 to 6 likely indicates disparate soil sources in a forensic comparison, in the absence of confounding factors like sample alteration. Despite the superior precision of instrumental colorimetry, this approach is inappropriate for samples which are mottled at an inseparable scale, attached to a substrate, or too small for instrumental measurement.
Effect of Alkylresorcinols on Autophagy, Migration, and Invasion of HepG2 Cells
Authors: Guo Ya‐Zhou , Yang Xiao‐Ming , Li Yue‐Ying 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAlkylresorcinols are phenolic lipids that mainly exist in the cortex of grains, and they exhibit anticancer activity against various cancer cells in vitro. However, the underlying action mechanisms are still unclear. In our study, the influence of alkylresorcinols C19:0 and C21:0 (ARs) upon migration, invasion, and autophagy in human hepatoblastoma HepG2 cells was evaluated. Results showed that ARs at 80 and 160 µg/mL significantly suppressed cells proliferation, migration, and invasion, downregulated the expression of proteins RhoA and MMP‐7 associated with migration and invasion. ARs at 160 µg/mL, the rate of LC3 puncta was appreciably increased. After autophagy was blocked by 3‐MA or CQ, the expression of LC3II was significantly increased in 3‐MA+ARs group and p62 was significantly decreased in CQ+ARs group. The results indicate that ARs may promote autophagic flow. ARs (80, 160 µg/mL) significantly inhibited the expression of proteins p‐mTOR, p‐PI3K, and p‐Akt related to the PI3K/Akt pathway. The results of the present study suggest that ARs can activate autophagy and suppresses the biological behaviors of HepG2 cells by inhibiting the activation of MMP‐7, Rho/Rho‐associated protein kinase, and activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase/Akt signaling pathway.Practical ApplicationThe anticancer mechanism of ARs in wheat bran was studied, which provided a basis for the development of anticancer functional auxiliary food with wheat bran as raw material. It is of great practical significance to promote the effective utilization of grain processing by‐products and improve the economic benefits of the grain industry.
Necrotizing myositis: highlighting the hidden depths – case series and review of the literature
Authors: Khanna Anmol , Gurusinghe Dilnath , Taylor Duncan 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundNecrotizing myositis (NM) is a life‐threatening emergency. It causes focal muscle necrosis without abscess formation or extensive involvement of the overlying fascia and soft tissue. It is a clinical diagnosis requiring a high index of clinical suspicion. Usual presentation can readily be mistaken to represent more benign pathologies such as muscular injury, viral myopathy or deep venous thrombosis. The clinical course following initial misdiagnosis is rapid deterioration into profound sepsis and progressive multiorgan failure. Prompt treatment is associated with favourable outcomes, but early diagnosis is challenging due to initial absence of cutaneous signs and symptoms. Delayed referral to surgeons with appropriate expertise results in higher morbidity and mortality. The cornerstones to treatment are complete surgical debridement, intensive care management and accurate antimicrobial therapy.MethodsWe report four cases of NM demonstrating classical scenarios of initial misdiagnosis, delays in referral and review by an experienced surgeon. A review of the current literature to aid with overall management is also included.ResultsReview of literature that revealed the most common presentation was antecedent prodromal flu‐like symptoms followed by rapidly progressing focal muscle pain. Patients were initially misdiagnosed followed by rapid deterioration into profound sepsis before surgical opinion was obtained.ConclusionNM is a rare and potentially fatal disease that must be considered in the differential diagnoses of the young, healthy patient with acute limb pain and fever. A high index of suspicion will facilitate earlier management and reduce morbidity and mortality.
Climate‐related Risk and Financial Statements: Implications for Regulators, Preparers, Auditors and Users
Authors: Li Ao , Michaelides Marina , Rose Meina , Garg Mukesh 
Published: September 2019

AbstractInterest among investors in understanding climate‐related risk from companies’ management has increased in recent years. Despite this, climate‐related risks are currently predominantly discussed outside the financial statements, if at all. However, as set out in the Australian Accounting Standards Board (AASB)/International Accounting Standards Board's (IASB) Practice Statement 2 Making Materiality Judgements (APS/PS 2), qualitative external factors such as the industry in which the entity operates and investor expectations may make such risks ‘material’ and warrant disclosures when preparing financial statements, regardless of their numerical impact. The AASB and the AUASB expect that directors, preparers and auditors will be considering APS/PS 2 when preparing and auditing financial statements. This paper provides an outline of the guidance and motivation behind the issuance of the bulletin on climate‐related risk disclosures, key takeaways and recommendations, and the AASB's and AUASB's suggestions on the type of evidence that would be useful for standard setters.
The impact of graft remodeling on peri‐implant bone support at implants placed concomitantly with transcrestal sinus floor elevation: A multicenter, retrospective case series
Authors: Franceschetti Giovanni , Farina Roberto , Minenna Luigi , Riccardi Orio , Stacchi Claudio , Di Raimondo Rosario , Maietti Elisa , Trombelli Leonardo 
Published: September 2019

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the impact on peri‐implant bone support (as assessed on periapical radiographs) of the remodeling dynamics of varying graft biomaterials used for transcrestal sinus floor elevation (tSFE).MethodsThe study is a multicenter, retrospective series of cases undergone tSFE (performed according to the Smart Lift technique) and concomitant implant placement. At operator's discretion, tSFE was performed with bone core (BC) alone or supplemented by deproteinized bovine or porcine bone mineral (DBBM and DPBM, respectively), synthetic hydroxyapatite in a collagen matrix (S‐HA), or ß‐tricalcium phosphate (ß‐TCP). Immediately after surgery, at 6–12 months post‐surgery, and at later (≥24 months) follow‐up intervals, the percentage proportion of the implant surface in direct contact with the radiopaque area was calculated for the entire implant surface (totCON%). Also, the height of the graft apical to the implant apex (aGH) was assessed.ResultsAt 6–12 months following tSFE, median totCON% was 100%, with a median aGH of 1.4 mm. A tendency of aGH to decrease in height was observed at later follow‐up intervals for sites treated with all grafting procedures. In all treatment groups, the majority of the implant surface was still surrounded by the radiopaque area at the longest follow‐up visits.ConclusionsAlthough the height of the peri‐implant radiopaque area apical to the implant apex tends to reduce overtime at sites which have received tSFE, the peri‐implant bone support seems to be maintained long term irrespective of the graft material used.
Variation in outcome reporting in studies on obesity in pregnancy—A systematic review
Authors: Dadouch Rachel , Faheim Mina , Susini Orsolina , Sedra Silvana , Showell Marian , D'Souza Rohan ,   on behalf of COSSOPP investigators
Published: September 2019

SummaryAlthough considerable research is being conducted with a view to improve outcomes for pregnant women with obesity and their babies, much of this research is compromised by the quality of outcome reporting. Our aim is to determine how outcomes have been reported and measured in obesity in pregnancy studies, as a first step towards developing a core outcome set to standardize outcome reporting in future trials. We conducted a systematic review of clinical trials and systematic reviews on obesity in pregnancy in accordance with the Preferred Reporting in Systematic Reviews and Meta‐analyses guidelines. We searched Medline, Embase, controlled register of trials, World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry, www.clinicaltrials.gov and Google Scholar, for relevant studies and extracted study characteristics, outcome reporting and measurement. Reporting quality was assessed using previously published criteria. Outcomes were grouped using a published taxonomy and variations in outcome reporting and measurement were descriptively presented. Seventy included studies yielded a total of 135 outcomes. Foetal/neonatal outcomes were not reported in 53.3% of studies where an intervention could have implications to both, mother and baby. Reported outcomes were mostly physiological/clinical (74.8%), with very limited representation of outcomes related to mortality/survival (5.2%), life impact (7.4%), adverse events (5.9%) and resource utilization (6.7%).
Relationship among urinary advanced glycation‐end products, skeletal muscle mass and physical performance in community‐dwelling older adults
Authors: Yang Chuan‐Wei , Li Chia‐Ing , Liu Chiu‐Shong , Lin Chih‐Hsueh , Lin Wen‐Yuan , Li Tsai‐Chung , Lin Cheng‐Chieh 
Published: September 2019

AimAdvanced glycation end‐products are important factors in muscle function and physical performance among older adults. However, the association between sarcopenia and urinary carboxymethyl‐lysine (uCML) levels remains unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship among uCML levels, skeletal muscle mass, physical performance and sarcopenia among community‐dwelling older adults.MethodsThis work was a community‐based cross‐sectional study. The participants were recruited from the Taichung Community Health Study‐Elderly and were followed up until 2017. A total of 104 participants underwent dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry examination, physical performance tests and measurement of uCML levels. After the natural log transformation of the uCML levels, Pearson's correlation coefficient and a general linear model were used for statistical analysis.ResultsThe mean uCML levels of older men and women were 1.34 μg/mg and 1.63 μg/mg creatinine, respectively. After multivariate adjustment, grip strength among older women significantly decreased as uCML levels increased. Participants with uCML levels and Timed Up and Go test values higher than the median had a 13.76‐fold risk of acquiring sarcopenia compared with those whose corresponding variables were lower than the median after adjusting for age, sex, body fat percentage, and serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels.ConclusionsuCML levels were negatively associated with grip strength among older women. The joint association of uCML and Timed Up and Go test values was correlated with the risk of acquiring sarcopenia among older adults. This finding suggests that uCML levels can be used as a biomarker for screening sarcopenia and as a strategy for treating sarcopenia. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2019; 19: 1017–1022.
Physiotherapy outcome measures of haemophilia acute bleed episodes: What matters to patients?
Authors: Bradshaw Elizabeth , McClellan Carey , Whybrow Paul , Cramp Fiona 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIntroductionThe research was conducted at a UK teaching hospital and Haemophilia Comprehensive Care Centre (CCC) as part of a research programme investigating physiotherapy for acute bleed management.AimThe aim of the study was to understand the perspectives of people with haemophilia (PWH) on validated outcome measures (OM) and whether these measures capture changes relevant to them whilst recovering from an acute bleed episode.MethodsAny person with haemophilia registered to the CCC who reported an acute bleed within the past 2 years was invited to participate. Semi‐structured interviews or workshops (activity‐focused discussions with small groups) were conducted with PWH who had received physiotherapy treatment in the previous two years. These were used to explore opinions of PWH of commonly used outcome measures.ResultsEight male PWH participated, mean age 61 years, ranging between 39 and 71. Seven participants had severe haemophilia A and 1 had von Willebrands. Participants described numerical rating scales of pain as abstract and expressed a preference for verbal or visual descriptors. In relation to function, the men generally found haemophilia‐specific OM to be more relevant. The EuroQol 5‐Dimension 5‐Level (EQ5D‐5L) and Haemophilia and Exercise Project Test Questionnaire (HEP‐Test‐Q) were considered as good measures due to brevity and ability to capture relevant changes promptly.ConclusionParticipants in this study reported a preference for short OMs that allow them to reference their ability during the acute bleed episode in comparison with their normal function.
Influence of the urine stream interruption exercise on micturition
Authors: Chesnel Camille , Charlanes Audrey , Tan Eliane , Turmel Nicolas , Breton Frédérique Le , Ismael Samer Sheikh , Hentzen Claire , Amarenco Gérard 
Published: September 2019

ObjectivesTo assess the effect of urine stream interruption exercise on micturition.MethodsThis study was conducted prospectively in female patients without urinary disorders. Two uroflowmetries were performed: one during a usual micturition and one during an exercise of urine stream interruption. For the urine stream interruption exercise the subject was asked to begin the micturition, to stop it at 3 s, when the stream is interrupted, to start voiding again, then again stop it at 3 s and repeat this manoeuvre until the end of the micturition.ResultsTwenty female patients (mean age 38.7 years old, SD 12.3) were included. Post void residual volume was higher after the urine stream interruption micturition (mean 36.7 mL, SD 46.6) than during standard micturition (mean 8.2 mL, SD 24.1) (P = 0.02). During normal voiding, the maximal flow rate was higher (26.9 mL/min vs 17.8 mL/min; P < 0.0001). There was no difference concerning neither the voiding volume nor the slope of ascending part of flow curve. During urine stream interruption micturition, the flow rate slope, the voiding volume and the maximal flow rate by voiding sequence were decreasing as the voiding sequences followed each other.ConclusionsUrine stream interruption increases the post‐void residual volume and translates into less efficient micturition. Thus, it should not be used in current practice of pelvic floor muscles training.
Impact of post‐void residual urine volume on intravesical recurrence after nephroureterectomy for upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma
Authors: Sazuka Tomokazu , Sakamoto Shinichi , Nakamura Kazuyoshi , Imamura Yusuke , Yamamoto Satoshi , Komiya Akira , Ichikawa Tomohiko 
Published: September 2019

ObjectiveTo examine the impact of post‐void residual urine volume on the risk of postoperative recurrence of intravesical carcinoma in patients with upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma undergoing nephroureterectomy.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the data of 81 patients who were admitted to Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine Hospital and underwent nephroureterectomy for upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma without bladder carcinoma. We assessed the predictive factors for intravesical recurrence after nephroureterectomy in all patients. Next, we compared patients with and without a residual urine volume using propensity score‐matching analysis. The presence of a residual urine volume was defined as ≥30 mL.ResultsThe median follow‐up period among all patients was 48 months. The presence of pyuria and a residual urine volume were associated with bladder recurrence in the multivariate analysis. A total of 19 patients each were selected after matching, and we confirmed a significant difference between the presence and absence of a residual urine volume (P = 0.0291). The 2‐year postoperative recurrence‐free rate of patients with and without a residual urine volume was 32% and 82%, respectively.ConclusionsThis is the first study to evaluate the post‐void residual urine volume and intravesical recurrence rate after nephroureterectomy for upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma. The presence of residual urine might be a risk factor for postoperative recurrence of intravesical carcinoma.
Association between response to rituximab and antibody‐mediated rejection in ABO‐incompatible living kidney transplantation
Authors: Maenosono Ryoichi , Unagami Kohei , Kakuta Yoichi , Furusawa Miyuki , Okumi Masayoshi , Azuma Haruhito , Ishida Hideki , Tanabe Kazunari 
Published: September 2019

ObjectivesTo examine the association of response to rituximab and the incidence of antibody‐mediated rejection in preconditioning of rituximab and plasma exchange without post‐transplant plasmapheresis in patients undergoing ABO‐incompatible living kidney transplantation.MethodsA total of 115 patients who underwent ABO‐incompatible living kidney transplantation at Tokyo Women's Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan, were divided into two groups based on the response to rituximab: good response (n = 75) or poor response (n = 40). The rituximab good response and poor response patients were defined as patients whose CD19+ cells were non‐detected (0%) and detected on the day of transplantation (2–5 days, median 3 days, after rituximab administration), respectively.ResultsRituximab response and anti‐A/B blood antibody titer after plasmapheresis were significant risk factors for antibody‐mediated rejection (P = 0.036, 0.045, respectively). The occurrence of antibody‐mediated rejection was higher in the poor response group than in the good response group (22.5% vs 8.0%; P = 0.028). The 14‐day, 3‐month and 1‐year cumulative incidence of antibody‐mediated rejection was 2.7%, 5.3% and 8.0% in the good response group, and 17.5%, 20.0% and 22.5% in the poor response group after ABO‐incompatible living kidney transplantation. The patient survival was not significantly different between the two groups. However, graft survival 1 month after transplantation was lower in the poor response group. There is no significant difference in graft function and in the incidence of complications, including infection, after transplantation between the two groups.ConclusionsAntibody‐mediated rejection after ABO‐incompatible living kidney transplantation was significantly associated with the response to rituximab in our preconditioning protocol.
Latest insights on ABO‐incompatible living‐donor renal transplantation
Authors: Uchida Junji , Kosoku Akihiro , Naganuma Toshihide , Tanaka Tomoaki , Nakatani Tatsuya 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis review summarizes the latest insights on ABO‐incompatible living‐donor renal transplantation. Desensitization protocols and clinical outcomes were investigated, and a comparison was made with kidney‐paired donation, which is not permitted in Japan for ethical reasons. Although renal transplantation is greatly beneficial for most patients with end‐stage kidney disease, many of these patients must remain on dialysis therapy for extended periods due to the scarcity of organs from deceased donors. ABO blood type incompatibility was once believed to be a contraindication to renal transplantation due to the increased risk for antibody‐mediated rejection and early graft loss attributable to isoagglutinins. Recently, pretransplant desensitization strategies, such as removal of isoagglutinins and antibody‐producing cells, have achieved successful outcomes, although it remains unclear whether graft survival and patient morbidity are equivalent to those for ABO‐compatible renal transplantation. The present review suggested that ABO‐incompatible living‐donor renal transplantation might be a favorable radical renal replacement therapy for patients with end‐stage kidney disease.