bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
From self‐defeating to other defeating: Examining the effects of leader procrastination on follower work outcomes
Authors: Legood Alison , Lee Allan , Schwarz Gary , Newman Alexander 
Published: February 2018

This research examines the influence of leader procrastination on employee attitudes and behaviours. While previous studies have typically viewed procrastination as a form of self‐defeating behaviour, this research explores its effects on others in the workplace. In Study 1, using data collected from 290 employees, we demonstrate the discriminant and relative predictive validity of leader procrastination on leadership effectiveness compared with laissez‐faire leadership and directive leadership. In Study 2, based on dyadic data collected in three phases from 250 employees and their 23 supervisors, we found that leader procrastination was associated with follower discretionary behaviour (organizational citizenship behaviour and deviant behaviour). Additionally, job frustration was found to mediate the relationship between leader procrastination and follower outcomes. The quality of the leader–follower relationship, as a boundary condition, was shown to mitigate the detrimental effects of leader procrastination. Together, the findings suggest that leader procrastination is a distinct form of negative leadership behaviour that represents an important source of follower job frustration.Practitioner points

Leader procrastination is different from laissez‐faire and directive leadership and can be detrimental to followers.

Job frustration mediates the relationship between leader procrastination and follower discretionary behaviour.

Organizations should facilitate high‐quality LMX relationships as a method for mitigating the negative effects of leader procrastination.
Role of melatonin receptor 1A and pituitary homeobox‐1 coexpression in protecting tubular epithelial cells in membranous nephropathy
Authors: Huang Yen‐Sung , Lu Kuo‐Cheng , Chao Tai‐Kuang , Chen Jin‐Shuen , Chen Ann , Guo Cheng‐Yi , Hsieh Hsin‐Yi , Shih Hsiu‐Ming , Sytwu Huey‐Kang , Wu Chia‐Chao 
Published: February 2018

AbstractMembranous nephropathy (MN), a type of glomerular nephritis, is one of the most common causes of nephrotic syndrome in adults. Although it is known that melatonin plays a protective role in MN, the role of melatonin receptors in the pathophysiology of MN is unclear. Using an experimental MN model and clinical MN specimens, we studied melatonin receptor expression and found that melatonin receptor 1A (MTNR1A) expression was significantly downregulated in renal tubular epithelial cells. Molecular studies showed that the transcription factor pituitary homeobox‐1 (PITX1) promoted MTNR1A expression via direct binding to its promoter. Treatment of a human tubular cell line with albumin to induce injury resulted in the stable reduction in MTNR1A and PITX1 expression. PITX1 levels were significantly downregulated in tubular epithelial cells from mice MN kidneys and MN renal specimens. Knockdown of MTNR1A, PITX1, or cyclic adenosine monophosphate‐responsive element‐binding protein (CREB) decreased E‐cadherin (CDH1) expression, but upregulated Per2 and α‐smooth muscle actin (αSMA) expression. Blockade of the MTNR1A receptor with luzindole in MN mice further impaired renal function; this was accompanied by CDH1 downregulation and Per2 and αSMA upregulation. Together, our results suggest that in injured tissue, decreased PITX1 expression at the MTNR1A promoter regions leads to decreased levels of MTNR1A in renal tubular epithelial cells, which increases the future risk of MN.
Melatonin activates FIS1, DYN1, and DYN2 Plasmodium falciparum related‐genes for mitochondria fission: Mitoemerald‐GFP as a tool to visualize mitochondria structure
Authors: Scarpelli Pedro H. , Tessarin‐Almeida Giulliana , Viçoso Kênia Lopes , Lima Wania Rezende , Borges‐Pereira Lucas , Meissner Kamila Anna , Wrenger Carsten , Raffaello Anna , Rizzuto Rosario , Pozzan Tullio , Garcia Celia R. S. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractMalaria causes millions of deaths worldwide and is considered a huge burden to underdeveloped countries. The number of cases with resistance to all antimalarials is continuously increasing, making the identification of novel drugs a very urgent necessity. A potentially very interesting target for novel therapeutic intervention is the parasite mitochondrion. In this work, we studied in Plasmodium falciparum 3 genes coding for proteins homologues of the mammalian FIS1 (Mitochondrial Fission Protein 1) and DRP1 (Dynamin Related Protein 1) involved in mitochondrial fission. We studied the expression of P. falciparum genes that show ample sequence and structural homologies with the mammalian counterparts, namely FIS1, DYN1, and DYN2. The encoded proteins are characterized by a distinct pattern of expression throughout the erythrocytic cycle of P. falciparum, and their mRNAs are modulated by treating the parasite with the host hormone melatonin. We have previously reported that the knockout of the Plasmodium gene that codes for protein kinase 7 is essential for melatonin sensing. We here show that PfPk7 knockout results in major alterations of mitochondrial fission genes expression when compared to wild‐type parasites, and no change in fission proteins expression upon treatment with the host hormone. Finally, we have compared the morphological characteristics (using MitoTracker Red CMX Ros) and oxygen consumption properties of P. falciparum mitochondria in wild‐type parasites and PfPk7 Knockout strains. A novel GFP construct targeted to the mitochondrial matrix to wild‐type parasites was also developed to visualize P. falciparum mitochondria. We here show that, the functional characteristics of P. falciparum are profoundly altered in cells lacking protein kinase 7, suggesting that this enzyme plays a major role in the control of mitochondrial morphogenesis and maturation during the intra‐erythrocyte cell cycle progression.
Capacity to report on mortality attributable to chronic hepatitis B and C infections by Member States: An exercise to monitor progress towards viral hepatitis elimination
Authors: Duarte G. , Williams C. J. , Vasconcelos P. , Nogueira P. 
Published: February 2018

SummaryViral hepatitis is globally leading causes of death, and 96% of these are due to hepatitis B and C (HBV/HCV) late outcomes. The first Global Health Sector Strategy (GHSS) aims to reduce by 65% the mortality associated with HBV/HCV, and an indicator (C10) is proposed to monitor progress. Data on viral hepatitis and liver‐related mortality are required, and different methods of estimation can be used, depending on availability and quality of sources. We aimed to understand the current situation and practicality of calculating C10, accessing available sources to estimate initial figure for Europe. We listed and compiled regional and national data sources reporting deaths from HCC, cirrhosis and chronic liver disease (CLD) and available estimates of attributable fraction. We critically appraised quality of data, highlighting gaps in current data and estimated mortality attributable to HBV and HCV, for 31 EU/EEA countries from 2010 to 2015. Mortality data are available for 30/31 countries. Quality varies but 60% of national sources report with specificity as required by WHO indicator. Attributable fraction is only available through the literature search. We estimated C10 for 87.6% country‐years. Deaths attributable to HBV/HCV for this period and region were 292 600, while HCV deaths were three times higher. Incomplete data for 2015 prevented calculation of time trends. Regional sources are outdated for monitoring C10, but national sources are capable of reporting mortality data. Sources for attributable fraction are sparse, outdated and much needed. We recommend improvement of death registration allowing measuring this indicator. Studies measuring attributable fraction on national and subnational levels are crucial.
Response Errors in Females’ and Males’ Sentence Lipreading Necessitate Structurally Different Models for Predicting Lipreading Accuracy
Authors: Bernstein Lynne E. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractLipreaders recognize words with phonetically impoverished stimuli, an ability that varies widely in normal‐hearing adults. Lipreading accuracy for sentence stimuli was modeled with data from 339 normal‐hearing adults. Models used measures of phonemic perceptual errors, insertion of text that was not in the stimulus, gender, and auditory speech perception in noise thresholds to predict lipreading accuracy of 10,170 responses. Interactions of the lipreading predictors with gender necessitated different models for males’ versus females’ lipreading. Females’ lipreading accuracy was significantly predicted by their auditory speech in noise thresholds and an interaction between the magnitude of their perceptual errors and the number of nonstimulus phonemes in their responses. Males’ lipreading accuracy was a function of their auditory speech in noise thresholds in interaction with the magnitude of their perceptual errors. The predictor coefficients of the two models suggest the possibility of different mechanisms influencing lipreading accuracy in males versus females.
Discovery of Pantoea stewartii ssp. stewartii genes important for survival in corn xylem through a Tn‐Seq analysis
Authors: Duong Duy An , Jensen Roderick V. , Stevens Ann M. 
Published: February 2018

SummaryThe bacterium Pantoea stewartii ssp. stewartii causes Stewart's wilt disease in corn. Pantoea stewartii is transmitted to plants via corn flea beetles, where it first colonizes the apoplast causing water‐soaked lesions, and then migrates to the xylem and forms a biofilm that blocks water transport. Bacterial quorum sensing ensures that the exopolysaccharide production necessary for biofilm formation occurs only at high cell density. A genomic‐level transposon sequencing (Tn‐Seq) analysis was performed to identify additional bacterial genes essential for survival in planta and to provide insights into the plant–microbe interactions occurring during wilt disease. A mariner transposon library of approximately 40 000 mutants was constructed and used to inoculate corn seedlings through a xylem infection model. Cultures of the library grown in Luria–Bertani (LB) broth served as the in vitro pre‐inoculation control. Tn‐Seq analysis showed that the number of transposon mutations was reduced by more than 10‐fold for 486 genes in planta compared with the library that grew in LB, suggesting that they are important for xylem survival. Interestingly, a small set of genes had a higher abundance of mutants in planta versus in vitro conditions, indicating enhanced strain fitness with loss of these genes inside the host. In planta competition assays retested the trends of the Tn‐Seq data for several genes, including two outer membrane proteins, Lon protease and two quorum sensing‐associated transcription factors, RcsA and LrhA. Virulence assays were performed to check for correlation between growth/colonization and pathogenicity. This study demonstrates the capacity of a Tn‐Seq approach to advance our understanding of P. stewartii–corn interactions.
Influence of pH and phosphate concentration on the phosphate binding capacity of five contemporary binders. An in vitro study
Authors: Schumacher Stefan P , Schurgers Leon J , Vervloet Marc G , Neradova Aegida 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACTAimHyperphosphataemia is associated with increased mortality and morbidity in end stage renal disease. Despite phosphate binder therapy, a large proportion of patients do not reach the treatment target. In five contemporary binders we explored the influence of pH and phosphate concentration on phosphate binding. This interaction could be of relevance in clinical practice.MethodsPhosphate binding was quantified in vitro in 25 mL of purified water containing phosphate concentrations of 10, 15 and 20 mM and baseline pH values of 3.0 or 6.0, with a binder over 6 h. Lanthanum carbonate, calcium acetate/magnesium carbonate, sevelamer carbonate, calcium carbonate and sucroferric oxyhydroxide, 67 mg of each, were used. The experiments were performed in duplicate. The primary outcome was the difference in the amount of bound phosphate for each binder after 6 h in solutions at two different pH values. Secondary outcomes were the influence of phosphate concentration on phosphate binding, next to binding patterns and phosphate binder saturation.Results and ConclusionIn this specific in vitro setting, lanthanum carbonate, sevelamer carbonate, calcium carbonate and sucroferric oxyhydroxide bound more phosphate in the solution with baseline pH of 3.0. Differences however were small except for lanthanum carbonate. Calcium acetate/magnesium carbonate was most effective in a solution with baseline pH of 6.0. All phosphate binders bound more phosphate in solutions with higher concentrations of phosphate. Sevelamer carbonate, calcium acetate/magnesium carbonate and sucroferric oxyhydroxide bound most phosphate in the first hour and reached maximum binding capacity in less than 6 h.
Probiotics as a tool for disease mitigation in wildlife: insights from food production and medicine
Authors: McKenzie Valerie J. , Kueneman Jordan G. , Harris Reid N. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe use of beneficial microbes to improve host attributes, referred to as probiotic therapy, has been increasingly applied to industries, including aquaculture, agriculture, and human medicine, and is emerging in the field of wildlife medicine. However, there is a general lack of shared knowledge regarding successful practices as well as ecological processes that underlie host–microbe interactions. Presently, probiotics are being developed specifically for preventing and treating particular infectious diseases as an alternative to antibiotic treatments and chemotherapy. We review research on probiotics developed for mitigation of infectious disease in the aforementioned industries to gain insight into how probiotics may be effective in reducing wildlife disease risk. We examine the trends of successful in vivo probiotic applications for disease systems and identify common objectives to reduce intestinal pathogens and sexually transmitted and respiratory diseases, inhibit skin pathogens, and serve as environmental prophylaxis to reduce pathogen loads in the environment. We conclude by highlighting the frontier of wildlife probiotics research and identifying knowledge gaps where research is needed.
Oral mucous membrane pemphigoid: A clinical study of 100 low‐risk cases
Authors: Bagan J , Jiménez Y , Murillo J , Bagan L 
Published: February 2018

ObjectiveTo analyze the severity of the oral lesions in low‐risk oral mucous membrane pemphigoid (OMMP) measured according to the size of the bullous areas and the number of simultaneously affected oral locations.Material and MethodsA total of 100 cases of low‐risk OMMP were studied. The symptoms and location of OMMP in the oral cavity were analyzed. The bullous areas were measured, establishing three grades according to the greatest bullous lesion size (grade 1: < 3 cm in size; grade 2: 3–6 cm; and grade 3: > 6 cm).ResultsThe mean age of the patients was 66.07 ± 13.55 years, with a clear predominance of females (84%). Desquamative gingivitis was the most common presentation (97%). A single oral location was found in 67% of the cases, two in 18% and three in 15%. The most common presentation corresponded to grade 1 (the greatest bullous lesion size < 3 cm; 51.6% of the cases).ConclusionsMost cases of low‐risk OMMP are restricted to a single site in the oral cavity, the gingiva being the most common location—the predominant grade corresponding to the greatest bullous lesion size < 3 cm.
Narrow Band Imaging‐guided resection of oral cavity cancer decreases local recurrence and increases survival
Authors: Farah CS 
Published: February 2018

PurposeOverall local recurrence of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is estimated at 20%. Incomplete primary tumour excision contributes to localised postsurgical recurrence of OSCC. The purpose of this study was to report on patient outcomes following resection of OSCC using Narrow Band Imaging (NBI).Materials and MethodsPatients with OSCC requiring resection were visualised under conventional white light (WL) then NBI using an Olympus NBI ENF‐VQ nasendoscope with CLV‐180 light source and processor (Olympus Medical Systems, Tokyo, Japan). OSCC tissue was resected to the NBI‐defined surgical margins, and patients followed for a minimum of 5 years postsurgery to assess local recurrence rate (LRR) and disease‐free survival (DFS).ResultsOf the 20 patients recruited for this study, one patient (5%) declined follow‐up. At the latest follow‐up period (up to 7 years postsurgery), 14 of 19 patients (73.68%) were alive with no recurrence. Two patients (10.53%) had died from metastatic disease with no local recurrence, one patient (5.26%) had died from disease with local recurrence, and two patients (10.53%) had died disease‐free from other causes. In total, 16 of 19 patients (84.21%) who were followed for a minimum of 5 years were still alive and had not developed local recurrence. Only one patient developed local recurrence. Five‐year DFS was 84.21% and LRR was 5.26%.ConclusionResection to NBI‐defined margins improves survival rates and decreases recurrence rates of OSCC compared to traditional methods and should be adopted as the new gold standard for determining mucosal surgical margins for treatment of oral cavity cancer. These promising results have set the scene for a multicentred randomised controlled trial comparing NBI to WL currently underway.
Significance of cytoplasmic cyclin D1 expression in oral oncogenesis
Authors: Ramos‐García P , Bravo M , González‐Ruiz L , González‐Moles MÁ 
Published: February 2018

ObjectivesTo examine cytoplasmic cyclin D1 expression levels in oral carcinogenesis and evaluate their possible oncogenic significance and their clinicopathological and prognostic implications.Materials and MethodsImmunohistochemical analysis of 69 oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs) was performed, revealing 23 with cytoplasmic cyclin D1 expression. We analyzed the association of the percentage of cyclin D1‐positive cells and the intensity of expression with TNM classification, tumor stage, differentiation degree, cell morphology, and Ki‐67 expression.ResultsCytoplasmic cyclin D1 expression was associated with advanced tumor stage, poor differentiation, elevated Ki‐67 expression, and the presence of invasive cell morphology, indicators of a poor prognosis. An association was observed between nuclear and cytoplasmic expressions of cyclin D1.ConclusionsCytoplasmic expression of cyclin D1 appears to possess functions related to increased cell migration and invasion in OSCC.
Methods and risk of bias in molecular marker prognosis studies in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: SHahinas J , Hysi D 
Published: February 2018

BackgroundWe investigated methods and risk of bias, focusing on research design, aim, prognostic factors, outcome, and statistical analysis in molecular marker prognosis studies of oral squamous cell carcinoma.Material and MethodsWe used a database search strategy to indentify relevant articles published in English in 2016. We developed a data extraction form to assess and extract information on methods of molecular marker prognosis studies in oral squamous cell carcinoma, based on methodological recommendations for prognosis studies. We used the Quality in Prognosis Studies tool to assess the risk of bias in six domains.ResultsThirty‐six papers were retrieved for full text review: 35 were replication prognosis factor studies and one was a model development based only on molecular markers to stratify patient's risk. Retrospective cohort was the design used in most studies (91%). Despite recommendations against dichotomizing continuous prognostic variables, this was observed in the majority of cases. A substantial number of studies (60%) conducted survival analysis, COX regression, and Kaplan–Meier. Prognostic variables included in the multivariate model were often preselected based on the results of univariable analysis. Risk of bias was assessed high for confounding, statistical analysis and reporting domains in 46% and 49% of studies, respectively.ConclusionsThe prognosis studies analyzed here can be considered phase II explanatory studies. The next step is to construct and validate models, which can be applied for use in the clinical practice, to guide patient management or build explanatory models that can help better understand the causative role in the disease process of these markers.
Shorter specialist time intervals are associated with advanced stage on symptomatic oral cancer
Authors: Seoane J , Otero‐Rico A , López‐Cedrún JL , Varela‐Centelles P 
Published: February 2018

ObjectivesAs longer times from the first symptom to diagnosis and treatment of oral cancers have been linked to poorer outcomes, this study investigates the contribution of the specialist to this time (STI).Subjects and MethodsA series of 228 oral/oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma patients were retrospectively studied to determine the STI and its related factors.ResultsPatients were mostly males (n = 170; 74.5%), (50.7% stages I‐II), mean age = 61.4 ± 12.5 years. The STI median was 6 days (X±SD:6.8 ± 5.6 days). Time first symptom to diagnosis was 64 days (X±SD:91.0 ± 84.6 days). Univariate regression unveiled a significant association between STI and TNM stage, which was confirmed by multivariate regression.ConclusionsSpecialist time interval is a short time interval in oral cancer diagnosis, imposing a limited time burden in the context of the whole interval until diagnosis. However, there seems to be room for improvement and a possible target for future interventions to shorten STI particularly for patients at early stages after their disease has been disclosed.
Immunomodulatory effect of vitamin K2: Implications for bone health
Authors: Myneni VD , Mezey E 
Published: February 2018

ObjectiveIn women with postmenopausal osteoporosis, vitamin K2 appears to decrease the incidence of hip, vertebral, and non‐vertebral fractures. Women with postmenopausal osteoporosis have more circulating activated T cells compared with healthy postmenopausal and premenopausal women, but the effects of vitamin K2 on T cells have not been studied. In this study, we have looked at T‐cell suppression by vitamin K2.Materials and methodsPeripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from three healthy donors were used. The PBMCs were stimulated with the mitogens phytohemagglutinin and concanavalin A, and T‐cell proliferation was analyzed using flow cytometry based on carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester (CSFE) dye dilution.ResultsVitamin K2 (60 and 100 μM) inhibited T‐cell proliferation. Vitamin K1 at the same concentrations did not inhibit T‐cell proliferation.ConclusionVitamin K2 has immunomodulatory activities.
Breast cancer patients have increased risk of developing mTOR inhibitor‐associated stomatitis
Authors: de Lima MHA , Hajj GNM , de Lima VCC , Alves FA 
Published: February 2018

A total of 115 patients who used everolimus were evaluated. The mean age was 57 (±13.3) years old, and 87 patients were women (75.6%). mTOR inhibitor‐associated stomatitis (mIAS) was observed in 36 patients (31.3%). The lesions ranged from 0.5 cm to 1.5 cm, and the tongue was the main site affected. In addition, 21 patients (58.3%) required a dose reduction of everolimus due to mIAS. Patients who had breast cancer presented 2.29‐fold higher risk for developing mIAS when compared to patients with kidney or neuroendocrine tumors. This study emphasizes the high prevalence of mIAS in patients using everolimus, in particular, in patients with breast cancer.