bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthese von DNA im Gammapflänzchen von Weizen / DNA-synthesis in Gamma-plantlets of Wheat
Authors: Kern Hartmut , Kern Hartmut 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Wheat, DNA-synthesis, Irradiation Plants, arising from irradiated (300 kR) caryopses of wheat, exhibit a low incorporation of [3H] thymidine into the DNA, which, as shown by sedimentation on sucrose gradients, does not indicate tendencies of normalization.
Isolation and Characterization of Ribosomal RNA from the Phycomycete Allomyces arbuscula / Isolation and Characterization of Ribosomal RNA from the Phycomycete Allomyces arbuscula
Authors: Fähnrich P. , Rothe H.H. , Trapp M. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The ribosomal RNA of the gametophyte of Allomyces arbuscula contains two components with sedimentation coefficients of approximately 25S and 18S. The percent base composition of 25S rRNA is 31/28/24/17 (U/G/A/C), that of 18S rRNA 34/28/22/16
Effect of Alkali Chlorides on Human Chromosomes Studied by the Method of Poly-L-lysine Binding
Authors: Marfey S. P. , Li M. G. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Human metaphase chromosomes A1 and A3 did bind more tritiated poly-L-lysine ([3H]PL) when they were isolated from lymphocyte cultures treated with LiCl rather than with NaCl or KCl. A2 chromosome did not show this differential behavior and in all three cases did bind more [3H] PL than the control A2 chromosome. The effect was dependent on the time of exposure of cells to the salts in tissue culture and on the degree of chromosomal contraction. The observed differences in [3H] PL binding are probably due to differences in surface morphology of the three chromosomes caused by treatment with alkali metal salts
On the Constituents of the Wild Egyptian Plant Onopordon alexandrinum Boiss
Authors: Wassel G. M. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The study of the nitrogenous bases of Onopordon alexandrinum Boiss. resulted on the isolation of stachydrine and choline. The flavonoid components detected are: Luteolin-7-monoglucoside, apigenin-7-glucoside and quercetin.
Propionate as a Precursor of Juvenile Hormone in the Cecropia Moth
Authors: Rodé-Gowal Heike , Abbott Scott , Meyer Dietrich , Röller Herbert , Dahm Karl H. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Juvenile Hormone, Biosynthesis, Cecropia Moth Adult 3-4 day old males of the giant silk moth H yalophora cecropia incorporate the label of [1-14C] propionate and [1-14C]butyrate in JH-I and JH-II. [1-14C]propionate is used for the bio­ synthesis of the hormones as an intact C3-unit. Three possible intermediates in the biosynthesis of JH-I-(E,E,Z)-7-ethyl-3,11-dimethyl-2,6,10-tridecatrienoic acid, its methyl ester, and the cor­ responding alcohol - were converted in low yields to the hormone. Methyl 7-ethyl-3,11-dimethyl-tridecanoate was not incorporated. Mevalonate applied to larvae before pupation was not used for the synthesis of a hypothetical JH-I precursor.
In vitroTranslation of Natural mRNAs in a Cell-free System Containing Components from Interferon-treated Chicken Fibroblasts and Factor Preparations from Mouse Ascites Cells or Rabbit Reticulocytes
Authors: Hiller G. , Viehhauser G. , Winkler I. , Pohl D. , Jungwirth C. , Bodo G. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Interferon Mechanism, in vitro Translation, Viral and Cellular mRNA, Chick Embryo Fibroblasts, Vaccinia Infection The effect of interferon has been studied in a mixed cell-free protein synthesizing system. Hemo­ globin (Hb) and Encephalomyocarditis virus (EMC) -RNA can be efficiently translated in vitro in a system containing S-30 lysates or run-off ribosomes from primary chick embryo fibroblasts (CEF) and a postmicrosomal supernatant from mouse ascites cells or a ribosomal-wash preparation from rabbit reticulocytes. Ribosomes prepared from CEF pretreated with high doses of homologous inter­ feron (500 units/ml) were able to translate Hb-RNA in the presence of heterologous factors with the same efficiency as ribosomes prepared from control cells. Translation of EMC-RNA was slightly reduced if ribosomes from interferon-treated cells were used in the mixed cell-free system, confirming previous reports. No inhibitory effect caused by interferon treatment of CEF cells could be detected on in vitro translation of natural mRNAs if the cells had, in addition to interferon treatment, been infected with vaccinia virus. Possible reasons for the different observations made with our cell-free protein synthesizing system from CEF and with cell-free systems prepared from mouse cells are discussed.
Activation and Inhibition of the Mg-Ca-ATPase from E. coli by Mg2+ and Ca2+
Authors: Ahlers Jan , Günther Theodor 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Mg-Ca-ATPase, E. coli, Activation, Inhibition MgATP or CaATP is the substrate of the Mg-Ca-ATPase. At low Mg2+-or Ca2+-concentrations the ATPase is activated by Mg2+ or Ca2+, the activator being essential for activity. At higher Mg2+-or Ca2+-concentrations the Mg-Ca-ATPase is inhibited competitively. Thus the real Km is smaller than reported in the literature. H+ competes with Mg2+ or Ca2+ for the metal binding sites.
On the Phospholipase Activity in Bovine Seminal Vesicles and Its Possible Role in the Regulation of the Prostaglandin Biosynthesis
Authors: Luckner Gabriele , Renz Paul 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
A phospholipid mixture was isolated from bovine seminal vesicle tissue. This phospholipid preparation contained the following prostaglandin precursor fatty acids: 4.7 percent 5,8,11-eicosatrienoic acid, 9.1 percent 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid and 0.9 percent 5,8,11,14,17-eicosapentaenoic acid.
With this phospholipid preparation as substrate phospholipase activity could be detected in different fractions of bovine seminal vesicle cells. The highest phospholipase activity was found in the microsomal fraction, less in the mitochondria and essentially no activity in the cytosol.
With a microsome preparation (acetone powder) of bovine seminal vesicles the influence of certain effectors on the phospholipase activity was investigated. Prostaglandins E2 and F2a (10-5 м) showed 19 and 41 percent inhibition, DB-c-AMP (2 × 10-9 м) 54 percent, c-AMP (10-9 м) 22 percent, epinephrine (10-4 м) 60 percent, testosterone (10-5 м) 25 percent inhibition of the phos­pholipase activity.
Whereas ethanol exhibits also a strong inhibition on the phospholipase activity, it shows a pronounced activation of the prostaglandin synthetase.
Wirkungsmechanismus und Struktur-Aktivitätsbeziehungen des Aminotriazinon-Herbizids Metribuzin. Hemmung des photosynthetischen Elektronentransports von Chloroplasten durch Metribuzin / Mode of Action and Structure-Acitivity-Relationships of the Aminotriazinone Herbicide Metribuzin. Inhibition of Photosynthetic Electron Transport in 'Chloroplasts by Metribuzin
Authors: Trebst A. , Wietoska H. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The influence of the aminotriazinone herbicide Metribuzin on photosynthetic reactions of isolated chloroplasts is investigated. Metribuzin inhibits all Hill-reactions when water is the electron donor, but not photoreductions by photosystem I at the expense of an artificial electron donor. The PI50-value is 6.7. Cyclic photophosphorylation is not affected by Metribuzin. Measurements of the prompt and delayed fluorescence of the photosynthetically active chlorophyll support the notion, that Metribuzin inhibits photosynthetic electron flow between the primary and secondary electron acceptor of photosystem II (Q and plastoquinone).
The relationship of inhibitory potency to chemical structure is investigated by comparing a number of related aminotriazinones. The effect of various substituents is discussed.
Conductance Characteristics of Interactive Subunit Membranes
Authors: Bretag A. H. , Kerr D. I. B. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Membrane channels formed by groups of subunits with a special form of interaction between the subunits provide a simple basis for models of membrane conductance. It is shown how the subunit interaction can explain conductance kinetics; particular attention being paid to characteristics of the potassium conductance in the squid piant axon.
Bildung von Naringenin bei der Reife von Tomaten / Formation of Naringenin in Ripening Tomatoes
Authors: Schmidtlein Helmut , Herrmann Karl 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Naringenin (5,7,4′-trihydroxy-flavanon), occuring only in the skin of tomatoes, is formed when the fruit begins to colour red.
Cholesterol and Phospholipid Content of 3T3 Cells and Transformed Derivatives
Authors: Adam Gerold , Alpes Heinz , Blaser Käthi , Neubert Brigitte 
Published: August 2018

For 3T3, PY-3T3 and SV40-3T3 cells, the contents of total lipid, cholesterol and phospholipid were determined. Weight of total lipid per cell correlates closely with cellular volume as deter­ mined microscopically. This correlation is not observed for cholesterol or phospholipid content per cell.
Cholesterol content per cm2 cellular surface area is found about fifty percent higher in the transformed cell lines compared to 3T3 cells. This result is discussed in relation to thermal transitions observed in physical properties of the plasma membrane of these cells as well as in lamellar phospholipid/water model systems containing cholesterol.
Studies on Phenylpyruvic Acid
Authors: Tautomerism  , Sciacovelli O , Dell 'atti A , De Giglio A , Cassidei L , Tautomerism I. Keto-Enol 
Published: August 2018

The tautomerism of phenylpyruvic acid (PPA) and its sodium salt was investigated. The 1H and 13C spectra of PPA in aprotic solvents and in methanol show almost complete prevalence of the enol form, whereas the keto form prevails only in water. The Z configuration was assigned to the sole enol tautomer present on the basis of the value of the vicinal coupling constant | 3J1H,13COOH |=3.7 Hz. A small amount of the hydrated form of PPA (1-phenyl-2,2-dihydroxyl- propanoic acid) was found in the aqueous solution of its sodium salt and in buffer solution (pD =6) of PPA.
By means of infrared spectroscopy one can conclude that crystalline PPA is in the enol whereas its sodium salt is in the keto form. The keto-acid was not obtained in the solid state. The colori­metric method for testing PPA traces in urine depends on the formation of a enol-Fe3+ complex (2:1) which appears stable in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO).
Studies on Mammalian Pheromones, I. Ketones from the Pedal Gland of the Bontebok ( Damaliscus dorcas dorcas)
Authors: Burger B. V. , Roux Maritha le , Garbers C. F. , Spies H. S. C. , Bigalke R. G. , Pachler K. G. R. , Wessels P. L. , Christ V. , Maurer K. H. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The significance of pheromones in olfactory communication in mammals, and the possibility of using synthetic pheromones to influence the behaviour of problem animals, are briefly discussed. The isolation, identification and synthesis of the principal volatile component contained in the pedal gland exudate of the bontebok, Damaliscus dorcas dorcas, viz. (Z)-5-undecen-2-one, are reported. Some of the other major constituents of the secretion have been identified as 2-heptanone, 2 -nonanone, 2 -undecanone and 2,5-undecanedione.
Herkunftsbestimmung von Arzneimitteln durch Messung von natürlichen Isotopenverhältnissen: D/H und 13C/12C Verhältnisse einiger Proben von Diazepam / Determination of the Origin of Drugs by Measuring Natural Isotope Contents: D/H and 13C/12C Ratios of Some Diazepam Samples
Authors: Bommer Peter , Moser Heribert , Stichler Willibald , Trimborn Peter , Vetter Walter 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The precise determination of the natural isotopic abundance ratios of carbon and hydrogen in several production batches of the commercial product 7-chlor-1,3-dihydro-1-methyl-5-phenyl-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-on (diazepam) gave results which allowed certain batches to be differentiated.
The differences in the ratios appear to be mainly due to differences in the isotopic composition of the (fossile) starting materials of the synthesis.
The measurement of the natural isotopic ratios may therefore offer another possibility to deter­ mine the origin of a drug.
Metabolic Products of Microorganisms, 151. Comparative Studies on Intracellular Potassium- and Sodium Concentrations of Wild-Type and a Macrotetrolide Negative Mutant of Streptomyces griseus
Authors: Kanne R. , Zähner H. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The studied macrotetrolide negative mutant of Streptomyces griseus showed a different specificity of potassium accumulation than the macrotetrolide producing wild-type, indicating, that the macrotetrolides may be part of the physiological potassium carrier.
Loading of Human Red Blood Cells with DNA and RNA
Authors: Auer Dieter , Brandner Gerhard 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Human erythrocytes were suspended in Hank’s solution containing mammalian or viral DNA or RNA. After dialysis at 0 °C first against water and subsequently against Hank’s solution, and a further incubation at 37 °C , the erythrocytes were found to be loaded with the nucleic acids.
The nucleic acid trapped in the erythrocytes exhibited up to 35 per cent of the external concentration.
Artificial Energy Conservation in Bacterial Photosynthetic Electron Transport
Authors: Trebst Achim 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
In photosynthesis of chloroplasts and bacterial chromatophores an induced artificial electron flow bypass may restore the inhibition of electron flow and of coupled ATP formation by two possible mechanisms. An artificial transmembrane electron flow bypass will lead to artificial energy conservation, when the redox reaction cycle of the added mediator across the membrane acts as proton pump. In an artificial internal electron flow bypass an inhibited native energy conservation may be reactivated; here an electron flow bypass induced by the mediator in the inside space restores the native proton translocation. The inhibition and the restoration of electron flow by antimycin, dibromothymoquinone and valinomycin is compared.
Notizen: Contribution of Monofunctional Adducts formed by Furocoum arins with DNA to the Inhibition of Nucleic Acids Synthesis
Authors: Baccichetti F. , Bordin F. , Marciani S. , Dall’Acqua F. , Rodighiero G. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
In addition to the bifunctional adducts (cross-linkages), that furocoumarins on radiation at 365 nm form in DNA, monofunctional adducts also proved able to inhibit the nucleic acid synthesis in Ehrlich ascites tumor cells.
Physiological Effects of Sucrose Substitutes and Artificial Sweeteners on Growth Pattern and Acid Production of Glucose-Grown Streptococcus mutans Strains in vitro
Authors: Linke Harald A. B. , Chang Catherine A. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The synergistic effects of four sucrose substitutes, polysorbate and five artificial sweeteners were studied in vitro on growth pattern and acid production of seven glucose-grown Streptococcus mutans strains, representing the five serological groups after Bratthall. Four distinct growth pat­ terns during glucose fermentation were observed: high rate of growth with low acid production, moderate growth rate with moderate acid production, moderate growth rate with high acid pro­duction, and slow rate of growth with moderate acid production. Depending on the strain used, the final OD at 546 nm ranged from 0.55 to 0.99 and the final pH of the medium varied between 4.65 and 4.15. While added sucrose substitutes, with exceptions, usually enhanced growth rate, most artificial sweeteners suppressed or, at higher concentrations, even inhibited growth of S. mutans-, addition of polysorbate to the medium always increased growth rate of S. mutans significantly. The presence of sucrose substitutes during glucose fermentation had no effect on final pH of the medium, but addition of artificial sweeteners, especially sodium saccharin, elevated final pH up to 1.8 units. The observed physiological patterns and differences within the several strains of S. mutans during glucose fermentation in vitro do not necessarily relate to the five serological groups of the species.
Polymergebundenes N-(Hexyl)-5-azido-2-nitro-benzoesäureamid; ein photoreaktiver Träger zur Immobilisierung von Liganden Polymer Linked N-(Hexyl)-5-azido-2-nitro-benzoic Acid Amide; a Photoreactive Resin for the Immobilization of Ligands
Authors: Seela Frank , Hansske Fritz 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The preparation of a new photochemically-activatable polymer was accomplished by condensation of aminohexyl-6-yl-agarose with the N-hydroxysuccinimide ester of 5-azido-2-nitro-benzoic acid. The latter compound was obtained by diazotization of 5-amino-2-nitro-benzoic acid, exchange of the diazonium group through azide and condensation with N-hydroxysuccinimide. As shown for the photolysis on the monomer level, irradiation of the polymer led to the intermediate formation of a highly reactive nitrene, which is able to immobilize ligands e. g. ʟ-phenylalanine to the polymer.
Wachstums-"burst" nach Anaerobiose: ein "stored grow th"-Effekt beim Streckungswachstum von Koleoptilen / Growth Burst after Anaerobiosis: a " Stored-Growth" Effect in Avena Coleoptiles
Authors: Krauß A. , Hager A. 
Published: August 2018

Extension growth of 1-cm segments of Avena coleoptiles (studied in liquid medium by means of a flow chamber) was anomalously increased after short anaerobic treatment. The normal growth rate in air-saturated medium without indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) was about 5 µm/min; the rate decreased under anaerobiosis to about 1 µm/min, followed by an increase up to 30 µm/min when aerobic conditions were restored. This “growth burst” continued for about 10 min; then the rate decreased to the initial value of 5 /tm/min. In the same segment growth enhancement could be induced repeatedly by anaerobic treatments. The phenomenon of growth burst after anaerobiosis may be named “anaerobiosis-aerobiosis-transition effect” (ANA-effect).
The ANA-effect was also observed under conditions of acid-induced growth at pH 4. Further­ more it appeared in coleoptile segments whose growth rate had already been enhanced by IA A .
Anaerobic pre-treatment not only stimulated extension growth but when applied before IAA addition also overcame the lag phase of IAA-induced growth enhancement.
It is supposed that a compound essential for coleoptile growth is accumulated during anaero biosis; such compound together with oxygen may cause the observed growth burst. Possible candidates for this compound are discussed.
Notizen: Synthesis and Electron Spin Resonance Study of Spin-Labelled Compounds Related to Tumour- Growth Inhibitory Nitroarylaziridines
Authors: Dodd N. , Harcus R. , Preston P. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Three stable free radicals have been prepared which are akin to 5-aziridino-2,4-dinitrobenzamide (CB 1954) ; these compounds all contain a nitroxide function. The metabolism and excretion of two such compounds in mice has been monitored by electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy and compared with that of the simpler nitioxide, 4-keto-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidino-1-oxyl (tempone).
Der Verteilungsraum von physikalisch gelöstem Sauerstoff in wäßrigen Lösungen organischer Substanzen / The Distribution Space of Physically Dissolved Oxygen in Aqueous Solutions of Organic Substances
Authors: Zander Rolf 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
In order to evaluate the distribution of molecular oxygen in biological systems, the oxygen solubility (ml/ml atm) at 37 °C in aqueous solutions of thirty organic substances with different concentrations was measured by the classical Van Slyke principle.
The oxygen solubility always (with the exception of hemoglobin) decreases exponentially with increasing concentration of the respective substance. In all cases this behavior is described highly significant by a simple empiric exponential function, when the substance concentration as well as the oxygen solubility of pure water is given. The influence of one substance on oxygen solubility contributes additively to the over-all solubility value of a solution of several dissolved substances.
Changes in oxygen solubility and, therefore, oxygen distribution in aqueous solutions may be related to three main phenomena:
1. restriction of the free water volume by the specific partial volume of a dissolved substance (e. g. urea solutions),
2. existence of non-solvent water for oxygen (especially in solutions of amino acids),
3. adsorption of oxygen at the interphase in a heterogenous system (e. g. protein solutions).
X -Ray Diffraction Studies on the Structure of α-Chitin
Authors: Haleem M. Abdul , Parker K. D. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The structure for α-chitin originally proposed by Carlström is generally considered to be the true structure. However, it fails to account for several remaining problems of chitin structure which include a complete explanation of the infrared spectrum and also the different properties of a-and β-chitins. W e have reexamined the structure by X-ray diffraction using automatic rigid subunit least-squares refinement and also the difference Fourier method. The R-value was reduced from 0.31 to 0.22 by a number of small modifications to the structure proposed by Carlström. Conside­ration of symmetry suggests that two distinct types of statistical modifications could be present in the structure, both of which would allow complete intersheet hydrogen bonding between O6H groups within the general framework of Carlström structure. The X-ray results give some support to one of these modifications. However, it is predictable that both would affect the X-ray diffraction only marginally so that a clear proof lies beyond the present sensitivity of the method. The proposed extra hydrogen bonding in a-chitin provides the first clear explanation for the different properties of these kinds of chitin.
Purification and Properties of Potato Phosphorylase Isozymes
Authors: Shivaram Kirumakki N. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Two multiple forms of α-glucan phosphorylase which migrate about half way in polyacryl-amide-gel electrophoresis (named “slow“ and “fast” isozyme), were isolated by combined chromatography and preparative electrophoresis after freezing the tissue from freshly harvested and from sprouting potato tubers respectively. Depending on the primer used for the synthesis reaction their pH optimum varied between 5.2 and 6.0 and the optimum temperature was 30 and 35 °C. The isoelectric point for the slow isozyme was at pH 5.0±0.1 and for the fast isozyme, pH 5.5±0.1, the molecular weights were 209 000±10 000 and 165 000±5000 and for their subunits 104 000±4000 and 40 000±2000 respectively. Both isozymes were inhibited by Hg2+, Ag+ and p-chloromercuro-benzoate (p-CMB). Fe2+ ions inhibited them partially. Mg2+, Mn2+ and sulfhydryl compounds activated both.
Km values for the slow and fast isozymes with glucose-l-phosphate in presence of soluble starch was 6.7 and 8.0 mM, of amylose 14.3 and 20.0 mм and of glycogen 22.2 and 40.0 mм respectively. The affinity of the primer for the slow and the fast isozymes were as follows: soluble starch 0.5 and 1.0 mм, amylose 2.6 and 3.8 mм, glycogen 6.2 and 7.7 mм respectively. Km values of phosphorolysis with soluble starch was 0.8 and 0.5 mм, with amylose was 3.1 and 1.1 mм, and with glycogen was 6.5 and 1.3 mм respectively. As substrate and primer the soluble starch was superior and the glycogen was inferior. Amylose was in between.
Kinetic parameters suggested the existence of α-glucan phosphorylase isozymes with different specificities: the slow one being more active in the direction of starch synthesis and the fast isozyme degrading faster the polyglucans. These observations suggest that the polyglucan synthesis and degradation in potato tubers may be regulated by the change in the proportion of slow and fast isozymes.