bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TINJAUAN POTENSI ENERGI LAUT SEBAGAI SUMBER ENERGI TERBARUKAN
Authors: Nurman Salfauqi , Kurniawan Dedi , Azis Muhammad 
Published: December 2024

Potensi energi laut merupakan hasil konversi gaya mekanik, gaya potensial, dan perbedaan temperatur. Potensi energi laut yang cukup tinggi diantaranya adalah energi panas laut (ocean thermal), energi pasang surut (tidal energy), energi gelombang (wind wave energy) dan energi arus laut (current energy). Menyikapi kondisi tersebut, perlu diwujudkan suatu perumusan kebijakan tentang energi dan sumber daya mineral laut dalam upaya memanfaatkan energi baru, energi terbarukan, dan energi alternatif yang dapat menjadi prioritas dan dapat termanfaatkan secara optimal bagi sebesar-besarnya bagi kemakmuran dan kesejahteraan rakyat Indonesia. Kebijakan energi nasional pemerintah memfokuskan pada pencapaian sasaran kebijakan energi nasional. Kebijakan ini mensyaratkan pemanfaatan minyak bumi menjadi kurang dari 20%, gas bumi lebih dari 30%, batubara lebih dari 33%, bahan bakar nabati (biofuel) menjadi lebih dari 5%, panas bumi menjadi lebih dari 5%, tenaga angin menjadi lebih dari 5% serta batubara yang dicairkan (liquefied coal) menjadi lebih dari 5%. Sementara energi baru dan terbarukan lainnya, khususnya biomassa, nuklir, tenaga air, tenaga surya, dan tenaga angin menjadi lebih dari 5%, serta batubara yang dicairkan menjadi lebih dari 2%. Dengan meningkatkan pemakaian sumber energi baru dan terbarukan, terutama energi geothermal dan sumber energi dari kelautan serta mengintensifkan pencarian, inventarisasi dan penelitian potensi gas biogenik yang banyak terdapat di perairan dangkal di wilayah pesisir dan muara sungai, agar prospek pemanfaatan dan pengelolaan gas tersebut dapat dijadikan tumpuan dalam pembangunan ekonomi masyarakat pesisir kawasan pantai terpencil di masa yang akan datang sejalan dengan konsepsi strategi pemerataan energi nasional.
OPTIMALISASI SCRUBBER DALAM MENURUNKAN KADAR SULFUR DIOKSIDA DI KAPAL MV. CMA CGM ELBE
Authors: Kamal Akhmad Ikhsanul , Wicaksono R. Bagus , David Muhammad , Hidayat Benny , Nurman Salfauqi 
Published: December 2024

Scrubber atau sering disebut juga sebagai "scrubber kapal", adalah perangkat yang digunakan pada kapal untuk mengurangi emisi gas buang dari mesin pembakaran internal yang menggunakan bahan bakar berbasis minyak, sepertidiesel atau bunker fuel.Exhaust gas cleaning systems (EGCS) scrubber menjadi teknologi yang lebih sering digunakan kapal untuk mencapai kepatuhan terhadap batas sulphur.Scrubber ini bertujuan untuk mengurangi emisi gas sulphur dioksida (SO2) pada nilai ambang batas 0.5% kandungan gas buang. Sulfur dioksida adalah salah satu spesies dari gas-gas oksida sulfur (SOx). Gas ini sangat mudah terlarut dalam air, memiliki bau namun tidak berwarna, SO2dan gas-gas oksida sulfur lainnya terbentuk saat terjadi pembakaran bahan bakar fosil yang mengandung sulfur. Optimalisasi berasal dari kata optimal berarti terbaik, tertinggi. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif deskriptif. Penelitian kualitatif adalah penelitian yang bersifat deskriptif dan cenderung menggunakan analisis. Landasanteori dimanfaatkan sebagai pemandu agar fokus penelitian sesuai dengan fakta dilapangan. Seperti peraturan IMO (Organisasi Maritim Internasional) yang membatasi kadar sulphur dalam bahan bakar kapal. Peneltian kualitatif adalah penelitian yang bersifat deskriptif dan cenderung analisis. Proses dan makna dimanfaatkan sebagai pemandu agar focus penelitian sesuai dengan fakta di lapangan. Penelitian ini adalah tentang optimalisasi Scrubber dalam menurunkan kadar sulphur dioksida di kapal MV. CMA CGM ELBE. Penyebab CEMS (continuous emission monitoring system) mengalami alarm out of compliance dikarenakan penurunan ph yang drastic. Ph yang tinggi dibutuhkan untuk mengikat kandungan Sulphur pada gas buang. Penurunan ph ini disebabkan bocornya pipa tanki air kapur karena terjadi penyumbatan pada pipa. Pressure pompa yang tinggi, dan adanya penyumbatan menyebabkan pipa mengalami kebocoran. Perawatan yang dilakukan adalah melakuka system bubling untuk menjaga pengendapan air kapur pada tangka. Serta melakukan flushingline dengan air tawar agar tidak ada air kapur yang tersisa pada pipa untuk menghindari penyumbatan.
PENERAPAN MEDIA VIRTUAL LAB PADA MATAKULIAH DASAR DASAR ELEKTRONIKA DAN ELEKTRONIKA DAYA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR MAHASISWA DI PRODI SISTEM KELISTRIKAN KAPAL
Authors: Dila Nur Fadhilah , Syahputra Afandi , Nurmala Eka 
Published: December 2024

Media pembelajaran bukan hanya sebagai solusi atas masalah tidak terlaksananya praktikum, tetapi juga dapat memberikan pemahaman konsep dan pengulangan kembali terhadap materi tersebut. Media pembelajaran alternatif yang dimaksud dapat berupa Virtual Lab. Virtual Lab dapat memperkuat kegiatan praktikum yang tidak dapat dilaksanakan secara nyata artinya media ini dapat menjadi media praktikum alternatif untuk menggantikan praktikum yang nyata jika tidak dapat dilaksanakan. Tujuan dari penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penerapan media Virtual Lab dan meningkatkan hasil belajar mahasiswa pada mata kuliah Dasar-Dasar Elekronika dan Elektronika Daya di Prodi Sistem Kelistrikan Kapal. Manfaat Penelitian ini adalalah: (1) media Virtual Lab diharapakan dapat dijadikan sebagai media pembelajaran matakuliah Dasar-dasar elektronika dan Elektronika Daya; dan (2) dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar mahasiswa. Metode yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah Pre-Eksperimental dengan desain penelitian ini mengunakan One Shot Case Study. Data yang dihasilkan untuk mengetahui keefektifan penggunaan Media Virtual Lab adalah dengan menganalisis nilai Pre-Test dan Post- Test. Hasil data pretest yang didapat pada kelas SKK A adalah 65 sedangkan postest meningkat menjadi 80.83, dan data Pretes yang didapat pada kelas SKK B adalah 64.75 sedangkan Posttes meningkat menjadi 78.79. Peningkatan hasil belajar bisa di analisis dengan menggunakan N-Gain. perhitungan N-gain hasil belajar mahasiswa SKK angkatan XI kelas A dan B mengalami peningkatan sedang yang termasuk dalam kategori efektif, yang berarti media pembelajaran Virtual Lab dapat membantu memperbaiki hasil belajar mahasiswa dengan rata-rata N-Gain Sebesar 0.42. Data respon yang diisi oleh mahasiswa yang berjumlah 38 orang melalui google form menunjukkan ketercapaian nilai 85% yang dikategorikan bahwa media pembelajaran Virtual Lab yang digunakan dalam pembelajaran Dasar-Dasar Elektronika dan Elektronika Daya berada pada kategori Cukup Praktis. Kesimpulan yang dapat diambil adalah:(1) Penerapan Media Virtual Lab dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar mahasiswa pada mata kuliah Dasar-dasar elektronika dan Elektronika Daya; dan (2) Respon keefektifan penerapam Media Virtual Lab dengan menggunakan untuk meningkatan hasil belajar cukup Praktis dalam melaksanakan pembelajaran pada mata kuliah Dasar-Dasar Elektronikda dan Elektronika Daya.
PENGARUH KUALITAS BAHAN BAKAR TERHADAP AUXILIARY STEAM BOILER DI KAPAL MT. SC CHAMPION XLV
Authors: David Muhammad , Hidayat Benny , Putra Octa Melldyto Dwi , Wicaksono R. Bagus 
Published: December 2024

Asap gas buang auxiliary steam boiler yang menghitam merupakan suatu masalah yang penting, karena dapat melanggar MARPOL terkait Annex VI. Penggunaan bahan bakar yang berkualitas merupakan faktor kunci dalam menjaga kinerja suatu permesinan di atas kapal. Salah satu contoh permesinan yang dijadikan bahan teliti adalah auxiliary steam boiler. Penelitian ini memiliki permasalahan pada buruknya kualitas bahan bakar terhadap auxiliary steam boiler dan pengaruhnya pada komponen burner auxiliary steam boiler sehingga diperlukannya perawatan dan perbaikan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif dengan melakukan analisis terhadap fenomena yang terjadi dan mengedepankan proses interaksi komunikasi sehingga menghasilkan bahan bakar VLSFO yang buruk dengan adanya kandungan alumunium dan silikon. Alumunium dan silikon tidak terlalu dipergunakan karena kandungan tersebut dapat menyebabkan kerak atau abu saat proses pembakaran dan dapat menimbulkan asap yang menghitam pada gas buangauxiliary steam boiler. Hal ini dapat melanggar regulasi MARPOL Annex VI yang telah ditetapkan terkait pencemaran udara. Oleh karena itu, rekomendasi utama yang diajukan adalah untuk menjalin kemitraan dengan pemasok bahan bakar yang dapat diandalkan, melakukan perawatan dan perbaikan terhadap komponen burner auxiliary steam boiler dan disarankan perusahaan untuk menggunakan jenis bahan bakar yang memiliki kualitas yang baik diantaranya dengan melihat pada aspek viskositas, kandungan sulfur, dan lain-lain. Dengan menerapkan rekomendasi ini, diharapkan dapat meningkatkan pengelolaan bahan bakar dan kinerja auxiliary steam boiler di kapal MT. SC Champion XLV, memastikan operasi kapal yang aman dan berkelanjutan.
The Fleischmann–Pons Effect: Reactions and Processes
Authors: Szpak Stanislaw , Gordon Frank 
Published: December 2024

A selected group of experimental evidence indicates that the Pd/D–D2O system can be put in its nuclear active state. This is done by negatively polarizing the system which (i) starts the process of self-organization, i.e. development of coherent processes involving protons/deuterons and lattice defects to produce the pre-nuclear active state and (ii) creates conditions for the electron capture by proton/deuteron reaction to occur. The low energy neutrons transform the pre-nuclear active state into an active state, i.e. display of features such as hot spots, transmutation and particle emission which, in turn, yields information on participating reactions and processes.
Bose–Einstein Condensation and Inverted Rydberg States in Ultra-high Density Deuterium Clusters Related to Low Energy Nuclear Reactions
Authors: Hora Heinrich , Miley George H. , Yang Xiaoling 
Published: December 2024

Results about low energy nuclear reactions (LENR) are related to very high density clusters of deuterons where properties of Bose– Einstein condensation and/or inverted Rydberg states are compared. A modification of Bohr’s atom model is used to overcome the problem that a quantum state with n = 1 does not emit radiation from an “orbiting” electron. This permits then the description of the inverted state of Rydberg matter in agreement with the recent measurements of Holmlid et al. for deuterium clusters with ultra-high deuteron densities in the range of 1029cm−3. A virtual oscillation model for laser excitation clusters explains the low intensity ionization threshold in clusters. MeV particle emission from LENR can then be compared with measurements from inverted Rydberg states.
Cold Nuclear Transmutations. Distribution of Binding Energy within Nuclei
Authors: Hatt Philippe 
Published: December 2024

In 1936 Bethe and Bacher and in 1938 Hafstad and Teller predicted that α particle structures could be present in atomic nuclei. In the course of developing a theory of nuclear structure based on the assumption of closest packing of clusters of nucleons, Linus Pauling found that the magic numbers have a very simple structural significance. He assumed that in nuclei the nucleons may, as a first approximation, be described as occupying localized 1s orbitals to form small clusters. These small clusters, called spherons, are usually helions (i.e. α particles), tritons and dineutrons. In nuclei containing an odd number of neutrons, an He3 cluster or a deuteron may serve as a spheron. The close-packed-spheron model differs from the conventional liquid-drop model of the nucleus in having spherons rather than nucleons as the units. This is a simplification: Gd154, for example, is described in terms of 45 spherons, rather than 154 nucleons. This enables to determine the binding energies in a much simpler way than the approach based on individual nucleons. I developed that idea, i.e. having clusters as basic bricks within the nucleus instead of nucleons. These clusters are the same than Pauling’s ones, i.e. α particles and deuterium, tritium, He3 and dineutrons like clusters. Nevertheless, on the method, my approach differs from that one of Pauling. I tried a simple method of mind experiments, approaching the problem step by step, nucleus after nucleus, isotope after isotope, looking each time at the preceding nucleus or isotope binding energy to compare with the next nucleus binding energy. My purpose is about LENR, i.e. looking for differences of binding energies between elements at the beginning and the end of the LENR process in order to determine the energy release. Indeed, my approach is looking for the distribution of binding energy within each element and each isotope, comparing their values, rather than researching for an internal structure of these elements. So, my approach is not about 3D structure of the nuclei but is rather based on an unidimensional value of their binding energy, looking for the internal distribution of that energy and trying to find distribution similarities between elements and isotopes. As a result, I could determine in a coherent way the binding energy of all stable nuclei and their isotopes on basis of the five clusters mentioned above and which are the same as those retained by Pauling. Indeed, I do not care about the geometrical structure of the packing of spherons, but rather about the organization of these spherons in order to determine for each element and isotope the binding energy characterizing it.
Anomalous Heat Effects Induced by Metal Nano-composites and Hydrogen Gas
Authors: Iwamura Yasuhiro , Itoh Takehiko , Kasagi Jirohta , Kitamura Akira , Takahashi Akito , Takahashi Koh , Seto Reiko , Hatano Takeshi , Hioki Tatsumi , Motohiro Tomoyoshi , Nakamura Masanori , Uchimura Masanobu , Takahashi Hidekazu , Sumitomo Shunsuke , Furuyama Yuichi , Kishida Masahiro , Matsune Hideki 
Published: December 2024

Collaborative research among Technova Inc., Nissan Motor Co. Ltd., Kobe Univ., Kyushu Univ., Nagoya Univ. and Tohoku Univ. was done from Oct. 2015 to Oct. 2017. For this collaborative work, a new accurate oil mass-flow calorimetry system was developed at Tohoku University to replicate anomalous heat generation experiments reported by Technova and the Kobe Univ. Group. In this paper, we present evidence of anomalous excess heat effects obtained from experiments at our laboratory at Tohoku University. Excess energy experiments were done using nano-sized metal composites with H2 or D2 gas. Anomalous excess heat generation were observed for all the samples at elevated temperature (150–350◦C) except for the palladium nanoparticles embedded in mesoporous SiO2 (PSn1). The amount of anomalous heat generation per hydrogen atom ranged from 15 eV/H or D to 2.1 keV/H or D, which is too much to be explained by any known chemical process. Coincident burst events of pressure and gas temperature were observed for all the experiments using the CuNi7Zr15–Ox with H2 gas, which suggested sudden energy releases in the reaction chamber. These observations suggest large local energy bursts. Excess heat experiments using the same material at Kobe and Tohoku Universities showed similar experimental results. Qualitative reproducibility between the Kobe and Tohoku experiments was good.
Investigation of the relationships between peri-implant diseases, periodontal diseases, and conditions: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Şahin Tuğba 
Published: December 2024

Introduction
Peri-implant and periodontal conditions share common underlying factors, including risk factors, microbiology, immunology, and treatment approaches.

Aims
This study aims to investigate the potential co-occurrence of peri-implant and periodontal conditions.

Design
One hundred twenty-three implants were divided into three groups: peri-implantitis (41 implants), peri-implant mucositis (41 implants), and peri-implant health (41 implants). Peri-implant and periodontal statuses were assessed using the 2017 AAP/EFP World Workshop on Classification of Periodontal and Peri-implant Diseases and Conditions. All measurements were performed by a single clinician (T.Ş.). One-way analysis of variance was used to compare the study groups according to the data. An assessment was conducted regarding the coexistence of periodontal and peri-implant conditions.

Results
Patients with peri-implant mucositis predominantly had gingivitis, whereas those with peri-implant health exhibited periodontal health. In contrast, patients with peri-implantitis mostly had gingivitis, with a lower occurrence of periodontitis. A significant difference was observed between the peri-implant and periodontal groups (p = 0.003). Significant differences were observed between peri-implant and periodontal evaluations for plaque indices, gingival indices, probing depth, gingival recession, and clinical attachment level (p = 0.001), (p = 0.006).

Conclusions
The findings of this study underscore the intricate influence of implant treatment on periodontal health. This observation emphasizes the importance of elucidating the underlying factors to improve clinical management and outcomes in patients with periodontal and peri-implant diseases, highlighting the relevance and potential impact of this research in the field.
Nurses’ Perception, Barriers and Associated Factors towards Hand Hygiene Practices for Prevention of Healthcare Acquired Infections in the Intensive Care Units
Authors: Gilbert AHIRWE KAYONGA Henri , Adejumo Oluyinka , Liberatha RUMAGIHWA 
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Healthcare-Acquired Infections occur within 72 hours of hospitalization, surgical-related infections, and surgical site infections that develop 30 to 90 days after the procedure. They particularly impact critically ill patients due to their weakened immune systems, with hand washing being the most effective prevention method.
Objective of the study: Assessing nurses’ perceptions, barriers, and the impact of socio-demographic factors towards hand hygiene practices in ICUs.
Methods: The study included 65 ICU nurses from three referral hospitals, using a quantitative descriptive cross-sectional design and whole population sampling. The data were collected from 05th November 2021 to 11th Feb 2022. Data analysis was conducted with SPSS software version 21.
Results: Seventy percent of participants viewed health-acquired infections (HAIs) as serious and susceptible, while 83.1% recognized the benefits of hand hygiene. The most commonly cited barrier to hand hygiene was allergies to products, reported by 32.3% of respondents. Positive perceptions of hand hygiene were significantly associated with the working institution and in-service training, with a P-value of less than 0.05.
Conclusion: The study investigated nurses' perceptions, barriers, and factors influencing hand hygiene practices in ICUs. It revealed that allergies to hand hygiene products hinder the hand hygiene adherence, while institutional policies and in service training boost It.
Recommendations: There is a need for conducting research using an observational checklist to assess HH adherence among ICU nurses, enhancing nursing education on HH, and improving in-service training for managerial teams in three hospitals.
Vaginal Ecological Profile and Characteristic of Vaginal Infection of the Genital Tract of Pregnant Women followed at the Laboratory of the Inter-Army Medical Center Senegal
Authors: Lô Gora , Seck El Hadj , Dieng Assane , Ba-Diallo Awa , Ndiaye Abdoulaye , Sow-Ndoye Aissatou , Ndiaye Anna Julienne Selbé , Diawara Papa Silman , Ndiaye Serigne Mbaye , Tine Alioune , Seck Abdoulaye , Diop-Ndiaye Halimatou , Touré-Kâne Ndèye Coumba , Mboup Souleymane , Camara Makhtar 
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Female genital tract infections are a public health problem. Initial treatment of vaginal infections is most often probabilistic. The benignity of the condition and the safety of topical medications allow for immediate management, even empirical. Hence this study, which aims to evaluate the vaginal microecological profile and vaginal infections in pregnant women followed at the laboratory of the Inter Army Medical Center.
Methodology: We carried out a descriptive retrospective study over a period of 8 years, from 2012 to 2020, conducted by the laboratory of the Inter Army Medical Center., on pregnant women. After the collection of sociodemographic data, each woman was subjected to a vaginal swab in accordance with good laboratory practices. A macroscopic and microscopic examination and culture were carried out on each sample.
Results: During the study period, 3221 pregnant women were included with an average age of 29.91years. 59.05% of these had normal vaginal cleanliness. 1634 women had type IV flora. The direct examination showed that 210 pregnant women were carriers of Gardnerella vaginalis. The prevalence of Candida albicans and Trichomonas vaginalis infections was 10.90% and 1.06%. There was statistically significant difference of the type of flora, bacterial vaginosis in pregnant women of different age groups.
Conclusion: The microecological state of the pregnant women was mostly normal. Low rates of vaginal trichomoniasis infections were found in our study. There was a significant difference between the type of flora and the incidence of bacterial vaginosis in pregnant women of different age groups.
2‐Phenoxyethanol – Method for the determination of 2‐phenoxyethanol in workplace air using gas chromatography after thermal desorption [Air Monitoring Methods, 2018]
Authors: Tschickardt M. , Krämer W. , Schmitt R. , Hebisch R. , Brock T.H. , Hartwig A. ,   MAK Commission
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis analytical method is a validated measurement procedure for the determination of 2‐phenoxyethanol [122‐99‐6] in workplace air in a concentration range of one tenth up to twice the currently valid MAK value of 5,7 mg/m3. With this method simultaneously airborne 2‐phenoxyethanol in the gaseous state as well as particles are collected. Sampling is performed by drawing a defined volume of air through a quartz fibre filter located in the sampling head with an adsorption tube filled with Tenax TA® connected downstream using a suitable pump. The flow rate is set to 0.066 L/min with a recommended air sample volume of approx. 4 litres. The collected 2‐phenoxyethanol alcohol is thermally desorbed and then analysed by means of gas chromatography using two detectors, a FID for quantification and a MSD to recognise potential interferences. The quantitative determination is based on a calibration function obtained by means of a multi‐point calibration. The limit of quantification is 0,095 mg/m3based on an air sample of approx. 4 litres.
Addendum to Ethylene glycol dinitrate [BAT value documentation, 2018]
Authors: Klotz K. , Drexler H. , Hartwig A. ,   MAK Commission
Published: July 2019

Abstract

The German Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area has re‐evaluated the biological tolerance value (BAT value) for ethylene glycol dinitrate [CAS No.
628‐96‐6
] in 2017.

Aim of this re‐evaluation was the lowering of the MAK value from 0.05 to 0.01 mL/m
3
(for the sum of ethylene glycol dinitrate, nitroglycerin and propylene glycol dinitrate). The former BAT value of 0.3 µg ethylene glycol dinitrate/L blood was based on a correlation between external and internal exposure to the former MAK value of 0.05 ml/m
3
. The limit of detection of the applied analytical method was 0.2 µg ethylene glycol dinitrate/L blood. Correlating values of ethylene glycol dinitrate to the present MAK value would result in values below the limit of detection. Further studies and more sensitive analytical methods are missing. Therefore, the BAT value was withdrawn.