bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cup-to-disc ratio measured clinically and via OCT in pediatric patients being monitored as glaucoma suspects for suspicious optic discs
Authors: Zimmermann Caroline Maria , Cardakli Nur , Kraus Courtney Lynn 
Published: December 2024

PurposeCompare cup-to-disc ratio (CDR) measured by clinical assessment and optical coherence tomography (OCT) in pediatric eyes being monitored as glaucoma suspects for suspicious optic disc appearance.DesignRetrospective cross-sectional study.MethodsAn institutional study following 221 eyes from 122 unique pediatric glaucoma suspects being monitored due to increased or asymmetric appearance of CDR. Ophthalmologic findings, including visual acuity, intraocular pressure, CDR measured by clinical assessment, average retinal nerve fiber layer thickness, and average CDR measured by OCT, were recorded for each participant’s initial and final examinations. CDRs measured clinically and by OCT were compared at both initial and final presentations.ResultsAverage age at presentation was 9.0 years old (95% CI: 8.0-9.9), and mean length of follow-up was 5.0 years (95% CI: 5.4-4.5). At initial presentation, 53 eyes had CDRs recorded by both clinical assessment and OCT, and at final presentation, 93 eyes had CDRs measured by both modalities. CDR measured by OCT was significantly larger than CDR measured clinically on initial and final presentation (p=0.002, p&lt;0.001).ConclusionsMeasurements of CDR by clinician assessment were significantly smaller than measurements obtained via OCT imaging. However, the average difference between CDR measured clinically and by OCT was &lt;0.1. Thus, OCT may be a suitable way to measure CDR in pediatric glaucoma suspects, especially when clinical exam proves difficult. Further research is needed to assess CDR in glaucoma suspects using OCT longitudinally and in the context of other optic disc measurements, such as disc area.
Patterns and correlates of two-year changes in depressive symptoms for autistic adults
Authors: Zheng Shuting , Farmer Cristan , Taylor Julie Lounds , Adams Ryan , Olson Lindsay , Bishop Somer 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundAutistic adults are at elevated risk for depression. However, longitudinal data on the trajectory of depressive symptoms and its associated factors in autistic adults are scarce.MethodsA community sample of 315 autistic adults participated in a two-year longitudinal study from the beginning of (March 2020) to the recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic (March 2022). They provided five waves of data on self-reported depressive symptoms and sociodemographic and life circumstances information.ResultsMultilevel model results showed that autistic adults reported large between-individual variability in self-reported depressive symptoms, and on average, they experienced an increase (i.e., worsening) in self-reported depressive symptoms over the two years of the study. Autistic adults with a depression history and lower annual household income reported higher levels of depressive symptoms. More importantly, autistic adults reported lower depressive symptoms when they were engaged in work or school, and those who had higher levels of depressive symptoms at the start of the study were more reactive to changes in work or school participation.ConclusionsFindings from the current study have implications for potential venues of depression treatment in autistic adults around promoting employment/education, providing symptom monitoring, and addressing mental health disparities for those with lower incomes.
Effects of alcohol-related problems on the costs of frequent emergency department use: an economic analysis of a case–control study in Spain
Authors: Oliveras Clara , Bruguera Pol , Cordero-Torres Imanol , Millán-Hernández Andrea , Pons-Cabrera Maria Teresa , Guzmán Cortez Pablo Rodrigo , Gómez-Ramiro Marta , Vázquez Mireia , Borràs Roger , Asenjo-Romero Maria , Vieta Eduard , Gual Antoni , López-Pelayo Hugo , Balcells-Oliveró Mercè 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionAlcohol-related problems increase the probability of frequent emergency department (ED) use. In this study, we compared the direct healthcare expenses incurred during a single visit among frequent and non-frequent ED users and analyzed the impact of alcohol-related issues in healthcare costs arising from ED usage.MethodsThe study relied on secondary analyses of economic data from a 1:1 matched case–control study with the primary aim of identifying the clinical characteristics of hospital ED frequent users in a Mediterranean European environment with a public, universal, and tax-funded health system. The participants ranged in age from 18 to 65 years and underwent ED visits at a high-complexity Spanish hospital (cases ≥5 times, controls &lt;5) from December 2018 to November 2019. Each case was matched to a control with the same age, gender, and date of attendance at the ED. Clinical data and direct healthcare costs for a single ED visit were obtained by a retrospective review of the first electronic medical register. Costs and duration of stay were compared between cases and controls using paired-samples t-tests, and ED users with and without alcohol-related problems were compared using bivariate (independent-samples t-tests, one-way analysis of variance, Chi square tests, and multiple linear regression) and multivariate analyses (multiple linear regression models with backward stepwise selection algorithm, and dependent variable: total mean direct costs).ResultsAmong 609 case–control pairs (total n = 1218), mean total healthcare direct costs per ED visit were 22.2% higher among frequent compared with non-frequent users [mean difference 44.44 euros; 95% confidence interval (CI) 13.4–75.5; t(608) = 2.811; p = 0.005]. Multiple linear regression identified length of stay, triage level, ambulance arrival, and the specialty discharging the patient as associated with total healthcare costs for frequent users. In bivariate analyses, a history of alcohol-related problems was associated with a 32.5% higher mean total healthcare costs among frequent users [mean difference 72.61 euros; 95% confidence interval 25.24–119.97; t(320.016) = 3.015; p = 0.003].ConclusionThe findings confirm the high cost of frequent ED use among people with alcohol-related problems, suggesting that costs could be reduced through implementation of intervention protocols.
SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence and antibody trajectories after easing of COVID-19 restrictions: a longitudinal study in China
Authors: Ling Feng , Xu Zenghao , Sun Jimin , Wang Xiaoxiao , Feng Yan , Liu Ying , Chen Yijuan , Wang Jinna , Chen Zhiping , Chen Kun 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundWe aimed to evaluate the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 and investigate the trajectories of protective immunity and associated risk factors in eastern China between March and November 2023 after the easing of COVID-19 restrictions.Materials and methodsWe conducted repeated population-based seroepidemiologic studies using a multistage, population-stratified, cluster random sampling method. We measured neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) using a fluorescence immunoassay. We calculated both overall and stratified seroprevalence. The latent class growth mixed model (LCGMM) was used to analyze the dynamic trajectories of antibodies, and a multinomial logistic regression model was used to identify factors associated with different antibody trajectory patterns.ResultsA total of 6,147 participants were included at baseline, with a median age of 53.61 years. Both observed and adjusted seroprevalence remained high and stable throughout the study period. The LCGMM identified four distinct antibody trajectories: 75.22% of participants had a high and stable antibody trajectory, while nearly 8% of them exhibited an increase, decline, or low-stable antibody trajectory. Younger participants, women, those fully vaccinated, and individuals with a history of previous infection were more likely to have high and stable antibody trajectories.ConclusionThe majority of the population maintained sustained protective immunity after the outbreak, following the easing of COVID-19 restrictions across the country.
Graph theoretic visualization of patient and health worker messaging in the EHR
Authors: Zia ul Haq Muhammad , Hornback Andrew , Harzand Arash , Gutman David Andrew , Gallaher Bradley , Schoenberg Evan D. , Zhu Yuanda , Wang May D. , Anderson Blake 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionThe electronic health record (EHR) has greatly expanded healthcare communication between patients and health workers. However, the volume and complexity of EHR messages have increased health workers' cognitive load, impeding effective care delivery and contributing to burnout.MethodsTo understand these potential detriments resulting from EHR communication, we analyzed EHR messages sent between patients and health workers at Emory Healthcare, a large academic healthcare system in Atlanta, Georgia. We quantified the burden of messages interacted with by each health worker type and visualized the communication patterns using graph theory. Our analysis included 76,694 conversations comprising 144,369 messages sent between 47,460 patients and 3,749 health workers across 85 healthcare specialties.ResultsOn average, nurses/certified nursing assistants/medical assistants (nurses/CNA/MA) interacted with the most messages (350), followed by non-physician practitioners (NPP) (241), physicians (166), and support staff (155), with the average conversation involving 10.51 interactions before resolution. Network analysis of the communication flow revealed that each health worker was connected to approximately two other health workers (average degree = 2.10). In message sending, support staff led in closeness centrality (0.44), followed by nurses/CNA/MA (0.41), highlighting their key role in fast information spread. For message reception, nurses/CNA/MA (0.51) and support staff (0.41) also had the highest values, underscoring their vital role in the communication network on the receiving end as well.DiscussionOur analysis demonstrates the feasibility of applying graph theory to understand communication dynamics between patients and health workers and highlights the burden of EHR-based messaging.
Comparative Analysis of Different Extracellular Matrices for the Maintenance of Bovine Satellite Cells
Authors: Han Jae Ho , Jang Si Won , Kim Ye Rim , Na Ga Rim , Park Ji Hoon , Choi Hyun Woo 
Published: December 2024

Cultured meat produced using satellite cells has emerged to address issues such as overpopulation, the ethical conundrums associated with the breeding environment, and the methane gas emissions associated with factory farming. To date, however, the challenges of maintaining satellite cells in vitro and reducing the costs of the culture media are still substantial. Gelatin, collagen, and fibronectin are commonly used extracellular matrices (ECMs) that facilitate signal integration with the cells and promote cell adhesion. In this study, we compared the proliferation, cell cycle, immunocytochemistry, and expression levels of Pax7, Pax3, Myf5, MyoD1, and MyoG genes in bovine satellite cells (BSCs) cultured on gelatin-, collagen- and fibronectin-coated dishes as part of short- and long-term cultures. We observed that BSCs cultured on gelatin-coated dishes showed higher levels of Pax7 expression than BSCs cultured on collagen- and fibronectin-coated dishes in both short- and long-term cultures, indicating that BSCs cultured on gelatin effectively maintained the satellite cell population in both the short- and long-term cultures. Our study highlights that gelatin is an effective ECM for the maintenance of BSCs and the production of cultured meat.
Developing a Novel and Optimized Yeast Model for Human VDAC Research
Authors: Baranek-Grabińska Martyna , Grabiński Wojciech , Musso Deborah , Karachitos Andonis , Kmita Hanna 
Published: December 2024

The voltage-dependent anion-selective channel (VDAC) plays a crucial role in mitochondrial function, and VDAC paralogs are considered to ensure the differential integration of mitochondrial functions with cellular activities. Heterologous expression of VDAC paralogs in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae por1Δ mutant cells is often employed in studies of functional differentiation of human VDAC paralogs (hVDAC1-hVDAC3) regardless of the presence of the yeast second VDAC paralog (yVDAC2) encoded by the POR2 gene. Here, we applied por1Δpor2Δ double mutants and relevant por1Δ and por2Δ single mutants, derived from two S. cerevisiae strains (M3 and BY4741) differing distinctly in auxotrophic markers but commonly used for heterologous expression of hVDAC paralogs, to study the effect of the presence of yVDAC2 and cell genotypes including MET15, the latter resulting in a low level of hydrogen sulfide (H2S), on the complementation potential of heterologous expression of hVDAC paralogs. The results indicated that yVDAC2 might contribute to the complementation potential. Moreover, the possibility to reverse the growth phenotype through heterologous expression of hVDAC paralogs in the presence of the applied yeast cell genotype backgrounds was particularly diverse for hVDAC3 and depended on the presence of the protein cysteine residues and expression of MET15. Thus, the difference in the set of auxotrophic markers in yeast cells, including MET15 contributing to the H2S level, may create a different background for the modification of cysteine residues in hVDAC3 and thus explain the different effects of the presence and deletion of cysteine residues in hVDAC3 in M3-Δpor1Δpor2 and BY4741-Δpor1Δpor2 cells. The different phenotypes displayed by BY4741-Δpor1Δpor2 and M3-Δpor1Δpor2 cells following heterologous expression of a particular hVDAC paralog make them valuable models for the study of human VDAC proteins, especially hVDAC3, as a representative of VDAC protein sensitive to the reduction–oxidation state.
Public common-sense assumptions about mathematics
Authors: Ma Jasmine Y. , Velamur Arundhati , Turan Nurdan , Ali R. Blake  , Lauren Vogelstein  , Molly L. Kelton  , Wendy Barrales  
Published: December 2024

Circulating public discourses about mathematics and mathematics learning shape how families and students make sense of their experiences with schooling. In the United States, these discourses can play a large role in how public education policy is developed due to the commitment of public school boards to hearing community voices as well as a recent (but not new) increase in the organization of well-funded conservative parent groups working to maintain–and exacerbate–the inequitable educational opportunities that persist in this country. In this paper we analyze public discourse around mathematics learning in one New York City local school board meeting. Using tools from interaction analysis, we examined the discourse surrounding a proposal to reinstate test-based screening for middle school admissions. We delineated two key features of “common-sense” assumptions around mathematics learning that circulated in this meeting–math learners stay on a one-dimensional learning trajectory, and with varying rates of advancement–and investigated how these assumptions played out in the construction of a figured world of “schooled mathematics.” We argue that the consequences that necessarily follow from these common-sense assumptions construct mathematics as hierarchical and fixed, placing learners on a one-dimensional learning trajectory. Finally, we locate this set of emergent assumptions in the neoliberal racial project and consider the ways in which they shape a particular imagination of schooling and mathematics under neoliberalism.
Mathematics education in the times of Manuvadam and massive privatization
Authors: Subramanian Jayasree 
Published: December 2024

Mathematics has, not only a long history in India like in any other ancient civilization, but it also carries a very high value in the present-day India, basically because of its importance in engineering education. India has made some important contributions to mathematics in the last 150 years. Yet, such a description hides the fact that ‘India’ here refers to a tiny minority of Hindu dominant caste middle-class men (and a couple of women from the same socio-cultural and economic background). Though precolonial India had indigenous traditions of education, the caste and gender to which one belonged determined what kind of education one could get. It is only during the colonial rule that access to education was made independent of one’s caste and it is only as late as 2009 that India made the right to education a fundamental right, making free and compulsory education available for all up to the age of fourteen.
Культурно-средовое многообразие Россиии цивилизационное единство сообществСеверной Евразии
Authors: АВАНЕСОВА Г.А. 
Published: December 2024

Автор обосновывает научное понимание культурной среды, а также проблем средового многообразия и культурного единства в сложном сообществе. Анализ проводится в рамках культурологии, теории цивилизаций, с опорой на методы исторической и актуальной компаративистики, на идеи синергетики, системологии и др. Трансформации средового многообразия и культурного единства исследуются в ключе самоорганизации древних межплеменных сообществ Северной Евразии, а также в фокусе спонтанных межсредовых связей, государственного их регулирования в Российской империи/СССР. Во втором случае процессы средового многообразия и единства трактуются как механизмы цивилизационного развития и как факторы, влияющие на устойчивость государства.
The author substantiates the scientific understanding of the cultural environment, as well as the problems of environmental diversity and cultural unity in a complex community. The analysis is carried out within the framework of culturology, the theory of civilizations, based on the methods of historical and actual comparative studies, the ideas of synergetics, systemology, etc. Transformations of environmental diversity and cultural unity are investigated in the key of self-organization of ancient tribal communities of Northern Eurasia, as well as in the focus of spontaneous inter-environmental relations, their state regulation in the Russian Empire/USSR. In the second case, the processes of environmental diversity and unity are treated as mechanisms of civilizational development and as factors affecting the stability of the state.
Эволюция системы образования в Китайской Народной Республике
Authors: ВАН ЯН. 
Published: December 2024

В статье представлен анализ становления и развития системы высшего образования в Китайской Народной Республике. Цель работы выявить общие закономерности развития системы высшего образования в Китае.
The article presents an analysis of the formation and development of higher education in the peoples Republic of China. The aim of the work is to identify General patterns of development of the higher education system in China.
Современные российско-пакистанские отношения
Authors: ДАДАЯН Д.С. 
Published: December 2024

В статье рассматриваются вопросы современных взаимоотношений России и Пакистана. Особое внимание уделяется военно-техническому сотрудничеству, динамике внешней торговли, взаимодействию по актуальным региональным проблемам. Отмечаются возможности и потенциал для активизации торгово-экономического сотрудничества. Учитывая особенности взаимоотношений России и Пакистана с региональными и нерегиональными партнёрами, предлагается выстраивать российско-пакистанские отношения на основе прагматичного партнёрства.
The article discusses the issues of modern relations between Russia and Pakistan. Particular attention is paid to military-technical cooperation, the dynamics of foreign trade, and cooperation on actual regional problems. Opportunities and potential for enhancing trade and economic cooperation are noted. Given the peculiarities of relations between Russia and Pakistan with regional and non-regional partners, it is proposed to build Russian-Pakistani relations on the basis of a pragmatic partnership.
Pengaruh Media PAKAPINDO (Papan Kantong Pintar Doraemon) terhadap Kemampuan Berhitung Siswa Kelas II SD Negeri 10 Pangkalpinang
Authors: Navita Hasybiyah  , Sasih Karnita Arafatun  , Hevitria  
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh siswa kesulitan dalam menghitung bilangan puluhan dan media pembelajaran kurang bervariasi sehingga siswa mudah bosan di kelas. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh media PAKAPINDO terhadap kemampuan berhitung siswa kelas II SD Negeri 10 Pangkalpinang.
Jenis Penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain quasi experimental design. Teknik pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini menggunakan sampling total. Sampel penelitian ini adalah 32 siswa kelas II C dan 32 siswa kelas II D. Teknik pengumpulan data berupa tes yang terdiri dari 10 soal tes materi penjumlahan dan pengurangan. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan ialah uji normalitas, uji homogenitas beserta uji hipotesis yang menggunakan uji t-test sampel related.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan pada hasil perhitungan uji t-test sampel related (polled varian) dengan thitung= 2,994 > ttabel= 1,999 maka hal ini menunjukkan bahwa Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa media PAKAPINDO memberikan pengaruh terhadap kemampuan berhitung siswa kelas II SD Negeri 10 Pangkalpinang.
KINERJA PERUSAHAAN DAERAH AIR MINUM TIRTA MALEM KABUPATEN KARO DALAM PELAYANAN AIR BERSIH BAGI MASYARAKAT DI KECAMATAN KABANJAHE
Authors: Purba Rani Abigael br , Trimurni Februati 
Published: December 2024

PDAM Tirta Malem is responsible for providing clean water services to the community while contributing to advancing the local economy. However, access to clean water in Kabanjahe Regency still needs to be improved, with only 48,080 of the 75,899 residents of Kabanjahe District having access in 2018. Obstacles such as damaged pipe networks and poor financial management also affect Tirta Malem's service performance. This research aims to describe the performance of PDAM Tirta Malem by utilizing indicators of productivity, service quality, responsiveness, and accountability, as well as analyzing the factors inhibiting and driving its performance. The research method used is qualitative, collecting data through interviews, observation, documentation, and literature study. The research results show that PDAM Tirta Malem has yet to be completely successful in providing clean water services to the community in Kabanjahe District. Although there have been efforts to account for finances and prevent corruption, performance-supporting factors such as increased finances and resources and good leadership are the keys to improvement. On the other hand, inhibiting factors such as lack of human and financial resources and the problem of water theft are still challenges. Research recommendations include installing pumps at water sources, increasing supervision, improving pipe infrastructure, employee training, and implementing better business plans to improve the overall performance of PDAM Tirta Malem.
Keywords: Public Service; New Public Management; Performance of Public Sector Organization
Wake-up free La-doped ZrO2 antiferroelectric capacitors
Authors: Li Jianguo , Zhou Junliang , Wu Fan , Weng Zeping , Huo Yuetong , Chen Ziyuan , Chen Lijian , Qu Yiming , Lee Choong Hyun , Zhao Yi 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This study experimentally investigated La-doped ZrO2 (ZLO) antiferroelectric (AFE) capacitors. Significant polarization enhancement is demonstrated in ZLO antiferroelectric capacitors with the optimized La concentration. The ZLO antiferroelectric capacitors reveal superior performance even under a low-temperature process (<400 °C). Remarkably, without the post-metallization annealing, ZLO devices still possess excellent antiferroelectric properties, which is highly advantageous for back-end-of-line process. Further endurance testing shows that ZLO antiferroelectric devices could withstand the wake-up effect during cycling process, showcasing unexceptionable endurance (>1010 cycles). The results in this study opens new avenues for practical antiferroelectric applications and brings promise for their integration into advanced integrated circuits.