bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Xylophagia: a meta-synthesis of the literature
Authors: Choudhry Fahad Riaz , Munawar Khadeeja , Akram Bushra , Al-Worafi Yaser Mohammed , Bakrin Faizah Safina , Tey Li Ying , Jacob Sabrina Anne , Hing Goh Bey , Khan Tahir Mehmood , Han Lee Learn , Kamal Anila 
Published: October 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to provide an insight into xylophagia, its treatment, intervention options, etiological causes and possible relationship with other diseases.Design/methodology/approachA systematic search was performed across four scientific databases (i.e. Ovid Medline, Embase via Ovid, PubMed and ProQuest). All of the qualitative studies reporting on xylophagia from the inception of databases until August 2019 have been included. The quality of included studies was assessed through a ten-item checklist given by Kmetet al.(2004).FindingsA total of 18 studies were included, and five primary themes emerged after analysis: precipitation/onset of xylophagia, co-morbid psychiatric or medical illnesses, assessment and investigation modes to confirm diagnosis, outcomes of xylophagia and treatment options comprising medical care, psychological care, counseling and duration of recovery. There were 16 females and 9 males in included studies. The mean ages and standard deviations of males and females were 29.25(12.17) years and 32.81(11.92), respectively. The mean duration and standard deviation of paper pica were 4.80(4.27) years.Research limitations/implicationsDespite the limitation that this meta-synthesis is based upon findings from case studies, results show that standardized medication regimens for treating xylophagia are still not available or are unknown. There is a dire need for further research in order to better understand the disorder. The healthcare professionals need to use reciprocal, mutually constituent influence of biological and sociocultural factors in order to screen, diagnose and manage complex psychological problems like xylophagia.Originality/valueThe findings advance our understanding of the positive effects of patients and family members undergoing counseling or cognitive behavior therapy in reducing stress and enhancing coping skills thus, avoiding self-damaging behaviors.
Multi-objective optimization for optimum abrasive water jet machining process parameters of Inconel718 adopting the Taguchi approach
Authors: B.V. Dharmendra , Kodali Shyam Prasad , Boggarapu Nageswara Rao 
Published: October 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to adopt the multi-objective optimization technique for identifying a set of optimum abrasive water jet machining (AWJM) parameters to achieve maximum material removal rate (MRR) and minimum surface roughness.Design/methodology/approachData of a few experiments as per the Taguchi’s orthogonal array are considered for achieving maximum MRR and minimum surface roughness (Ra) of the Inconel718. Analysis of variance is performed to understand the statistical significance of AWJM input process parameters.FindingsEmpirical relations are developed for MRR and Ra in terms of the AWJM process parameters and demonstrated their adequacy through comparison of test results.Research limitations/implicationsThe signal-to-noise ratio transformation should be applied to take in to account the scatter in the repetition of tests in each test run. But, many researchers have adopted this transformation on a single output response of each test run, which has no added advantage other than additional computational task. This paper explains the impact of insignificant process parameter in selection of optimal process parameters. This paper demands drawbacks and complexity in existing theories prior to use new algorithms.Practical implicationsTaguchi approach is quite simple and easy to handle optimization problems, which has no practical implications (if it handles properly). There is no necessity to hunt for new algorithms for obtaining solution for multi-objective optimization AWJM process.Originality/valueThis paper deals with a case study, which demonstrates the simplicity of the Taguchi approach in solving multi-objective optimization problems with a few number of experiments.
An analysis of women’s self-help groups’ involvement in microfinance program in India
Authors: Joshi Gaurav 
Published: October 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this is to classify the social and economic factors which impact the involvement of women in self-help groups (SHGs) for their economic as well as social empowerment.Design/methodology/approachThe research has been conducted in Nainital district of Uttarakhand (India) in 2018. Primary data have been gathered from women respondent only on factors relating to the ownership of asset, housing characteristics and other demographic details. Both SHG and non-SHG women members have been chosen as key informants during the survey. Multi-stage purposive and stratified random sampling has been used for the selection of respondents and SHGs. The logit regression model has been formulated to describe the causes that influence the participation of women in SHGs. Also, an empowerment index has been constructed to measure the effect of SHGs on women empowerment.FindingsThe results show that factors including age, education, family type and distance from the market have a significant impact on the participation of women in SHGs. Also, there is a significant difference in both these values which suggests that the value of the empowerment index gets significantly increased after joining the SHGs.Practical implicationsAnalytically derived factors have been used to develop an empowerment index. Hence, the present research is valuable for marketing practitioners, entrepreneurs and professionals from the development sector who intend to work amongst SHGs, primarily with women. The paper is valuable for academic researchers in this area so that the limited body of knowledge, on the empowerment index, could be developed.Originality/valueThe present research is unique because the authors did not find work, especially in the context of rural India, in the said area. Factors impacting the participation of women in SHGs along with the impact of participation on empowerment have been explored using the logit regression model, leading to the development of an empowerment index.
An assessment of e-service quality, e-satisfaction and e-loyalty
Authors: Khan Mukaram Ali , Zubair Syed Sohaib , Malik Maria 
Published: October 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine e-service quality (E-SQ) of online shopping in Pakistan using “E-S-QUAL scale.” Moreover, in this study, the relationship of E-SQ with e-customer satisfaction (E-CS) and e-customer loyalty (E-CL) has been studied.Design/methodology/approachFollowing a quantitative research methodology, data were collected from 298 respondents using convenience sampling and survey research design was followed. In order to develop the model and test the hypotheses, structure equation modeling (SEM) was done through AMOS.FindingsFindings indicate that all of the first latent constructs are significant where E-CS and E-CL (dependent variables) are influenced by E-SQ (independent variable). Using SEM, statistically fit structural model was developed on the basis of confirmatory factor analysis. The analysis shows that there is a strong positive relation between E-SQ and E-CS and E-SQ and E-CL.Practical implicationsAsian markets have been identified as the fastest growing e-commerce markets in present era. Similarly, retail sector in Pakistan is booming, at the same time an exponential increase is being observed in the number of internet users and online shopping. It is important for marketers and retailers to explore new horizons and enter the age of e-commerce for expansion of their businesses.Originality/valueThe increasingly wide use of the internet is influencing everything around the globe and these emerging e-commerce trends have tremendously changed the mode of shopping from brick and mortars to e-stores. The study explores the e-commerce and focuses on E-SQ and its impact on E-CS and E-CL in the context of a developing economy, i.e. Pakistan, uncovering the key dimensions and attributes.
Innovation through implementation of a quality improvement method
Authors: Mättö Toni 
Published: October 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to analyse the effectiveness of a quality improvement method in driving innovation in the public sector. The study expands on the concept of innovation and analyses the types and usefulness of the innovations observed.

Design/methodology/approach
The study utilizes an action research approach. The aim of the quality improvement method introduced is to generate innovations enhancing efficiency. An interventionist research method is required to produce the findings. Data collection methods include a preliminary question sheet, interview, workshops, observation and the examination of other material concerning the case organization.

Findings
The study supports the notion that innovations created with a quality improvement method can be more oriented towards process improvement, particularly in the public sector. Further, when the method enables professionals from different functions to participate in the process, the innovations created can be more comprehensively designed. Innovations can be classified according to their degree of novelty, type, resource consumption and the projected outcome. A project follow-up makes it possible to compare the projected outcome of the innovation against its actual outcome.

Practical implications
The method applied could be a viable option for practitioners considering public sector quality improvement and innovation capacity building. The paper provides guidelines for prioritizing innovations in terms of their resource consumption and usefulness.

Originality/value
Integrating quality improvement with innovation generation as a potential efficiency source for public-sector organizations has received relatively little research attention. Further, the paper provides a categorization for innovations in the public sector that provides guidelines for prioritizing innovations.
Context‐dependency of synthetic minimal promoters in driving gene expression: a case study
Authors: Jin Liyuan , Nawab Said , Xia Mengli , Ma Xiaoyan , Huo Yi‐Xin 
Published: October 2019

SummarySynthetic promoters are considered ideal candidates in driving robust gene expression. Most of the available synthetic promoters are minimal promoters, for which the upstream sequence of the 5′ end of the core region is usually excluded. Although the upstream sequence has been shown to mediate transcription of natural promoters, its impact on synthetic promoters has not been widely studied. Here, a library of chromosomal DNA fragments is randomly fused with the 5′ end of the J23119 synthetic promoter, and the transcriptional performance of the promoter is evaluated through β‐galactosidase assay, fluorescence intensity and chemical biosynthesis. Results show that changes in the upstream sequence can induce significant variation in the promoter strength of up to 5.8‐fold. The effect is independent of the length of the insertions and the number of potential transcription factor binding sites. Several DNA fragments that are able to enhance the transcription of both the natural and the synthetic promoters are identified. This study indicates that the synthetic minimal promoters are susceptible to the surrounding sequence context. Therefore, the upstream sequence should be treated as an indispensable component in the design and application of synthetic promoters, or as an independent genetic part for the fine‐tuning of gene expression.
A family in which people with a heterozygous ABCC8 gene mutation (p.Lys1385Gln) have progressed from hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia to hyperglycemia
Authors: Karatojima Mai , Furuta Hiroto , Matsutani Norihiko , Matsuno Shohei , Tamai Masanori , Komiya Kei , Morita Shuhei , Uraki Shinsuke , Doi Asako , Furuta Machi , Iwakura Hiroshi , Ariyasu Hiroyuki , Nishi Masahiro , Akamizu Takashi 
Published: October 2019

Highlights

Inactivating mutations of the ABCC8 gene usually cause hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia.
We report a family in which people with the inactivating mutation have progressed hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia to hyperglycemia.
Treatment with incretin‐related drugs might be a useful therapeutic approach to hyperglycemia in people with the inactivating mutation.
Systematic review of potential causes of intraocular lens opacification
Authors: Fernández Joaquín , Sánchez‐García Alicia , Rodríguez‐Vallejo Manuel , Piñero David P. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIntraocular lens (IOL) opacification is an infrequent complication of cataract surgery. Surface analysis has demonstrated that the opacification of IOLs is related to calcium or phosphate precipitation on or within the lenses, but the associated mechanisms are unknown, and the scientific literature is heterogeneous and limited to case series and retrospective studies. The purpose of this systematic review was to analyse the most frequent conditions associated with opacification of IOLs reported by studies. A search was carried out using the PubMed MEDLINE, Web of Science and Scopus databases. The quality of the studies selected was evaluated using the Pierson tool. The search provided a total of 811 articles, of which 39 were selected following the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The most common opacified lenses were hydrophilic IOLs according to our analysis. The mean time of appearance of lens opacification was 14.93 ± 17.82 months. The most frequent conditions associated with opacification of the IOLs were Descemet Stripping with Automated Endothelial Keratoplasty (DSAEK/DSEK) and diabetes mellitus (DM), followed by pars plana vitrectomy (PPV), blood hypertension (HT), and glaucoma. Concerning the quality analysis, the mean score was 7.00 ± 1.43 (scoring range from 0 to 10), indicating an acceptable quality of the case reports and retrospective studies. In conclusion, DSAEK/DSEK, DM, PPV, glaucoma and hypertension are conditions with potential risk of IOL opacification after cataract surgery, especially when implanting hydrophilic acrylic IOLs.
Understanding and clinical relevance of chronic rhinosinusitis endotypes
Authors: Husain Qasim , Sedaghat Ahmad R. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundChronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is the downstream manifestation of heterogeneous pathophysiologic mechanisms leading to chronic sinonasal inflammation. Traditional grouping of patients by symptoms or clinical findings/phenotypes is being replaced by classification of CRS patients based on the underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms: endotypes.Objective of ReviewTo provide an up‐to‐date review on the current knowledge of CRS endotypes with a focus on how the pathophysiologic mechanisms defined by each endotype may be targeted therapeutically. Special emphasis is placed on the clinical relevance of the material and how it may inform the current practice of otolaryngologists.Type of ReviewA systematic review of contemporary literature review focusing on the latest studies examining the role of endotypes in the management and treatment of CRS.Search StrategyA MEDLINE and PubMed Central search were undertaken to perform this review using the keywords “Endotype” and “Sinusitis.”Evaluation MethodArticles containing the keywords, as well as the references of those articles, were then examined for relevance.ResultsThe endotypes for CRS are often defined based on the balance of T‐helper cell patterns of inflammation and can be grouped into Th2 and non‐Th2 inflammation. These groups have shown a variable response to medical and surgical therapy, demonstrating that existing mainstream treatments can be tailored to patients with specific endotypes. The inflammatory mediators of Th2 inflammation, IL‐4, IL‐5 and IL‐13 as well as IgE, are targeted by available biologic drugs that can be used for treatment of refractory disease.ConclusionsIncreased understanding of CRS endotypes has led to the identification of biomarkers that define these endotypes and act as targets for potential therapeutics. Increasing knowledge about characteristics associated with these endotypes and their responses to treatments, including both established mainstream CRS treatments and novel biologic medications, has allowed incorporation of CRS endotypes into the current clinical decision‐making. Treatment of CRS patients based on consideration of their endotypes is therefore not only presently possible but may improve clinical outcomes of those patients as well.
Guidelines for public health and safety metrics to evaluate the potential harms and benefits of cannabis regulation in Canada
Authors: Lake Stephanie , Kerr Thomas , Werb Dan , Haines‐Saah Rebecca , Fischer Benedikt , Thomas Gerald , Walsh Zach , Ware Mark A. , Wood Evan , Milloy M.‐J. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIssuesCanada recently introduced a public health‐based regulatory framework for non‐medical cannabis. This review sought to identify a comprehensive set of indicators to evaluate the public health and safety impact of cannabis regulation in Canada, and to explore the ways in which these indicators may be expected to change in the era of legal non‐medical cannabis.ApproachFive scientific databases were searched to compile a list of cannabis‐related issues of interest to public health and safety. A set of indicators was developed based on topics and themes that emerged. Preliminary evidence from other jurisdictions in the USA and Canada that have legalised medical and/or non‐medical cannabis (e.g. Colorado, Washington) was summarised for each indicator, wherever possible.Key FindingsIn total, 28 indicators were identified under five broad themes: public safety; cannabis use trends; other substance use trends; cardiovascular and respiratory health; and mental health and cognition. Preliminary trends from other legalised jurisdictions reveal little consensus regarding the effect of cannabis legalisation on public health and safety harms and an emerging body of evidence to support potential benefits (e.g. reductions in opioid use and overdose).ImplicationsIn addition to indicators of commonly discussed challenges (e.g. cannabis‐related hospitalisations, cannabis‐impaired driving), this review led to the recommendation of several indicators to monitor for possible public health and safety improvements.ConclusionIn preparing a comprehensive public health and safety monitoring and evaluation system for cannabis regulation, this review underscores the importance of not only measuring the possible risks but also the potential benefits.
Mind the gap: Can downscaling Area of Occupancy overcome sampling gaps when assessing IUCN Red List status?
Authors: Marsh Charles J. , Gavish Yoni , Kunin William E. , Brummitt Neil A. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAimThe Area of Occupancy (AOO) of a species is often utilized to assess extinction risk for determining IUCN Red List status. However, the recommended raw‐counts method of summing occupied grid cells likely reflects only sampling effort, as the majority of species have not been sampled across their entire range at the fine grains required by IUCN. More accurate measurements can be generated at coarser grains (so‐called atlas data) as false absences are reduced. If we fit the occupancy‐area relationship to these data, we can extrapolate the relationship down to estimate occupancy at finer grains. Numerous models have been proposed to carry out such occupancy downscaling, but have only been tested on a limited range of species.MethodsWe test the ability of downscaling models to recover fine grain AOO against the raw‐counts method for 28,900 virtual species with a wide range of prevalence and aggregation characteristics, subsampled to reflect common spatial biases in sampling effort. We address several questions for ensuring accurate downscaling: How to generate accurate atlas data? How far can we accurately extrapolate the occupancy‐area relationship given perfect data? Can occupancy downscaling overcome false absences at fine grain sizes? And how does sampling bias and coverage affect accuracy?ResultsDownscaling was more accurate than the raw‐counts method in all scenarios except where sampling coverage was very high and/or the sampling bias was positively related to the species distribution. However, if atlas data contained many false absences, then even downscaling under‐estimated actual occupancy.Main conclusionsOccupancy downscaling has the potential to be a useful tool for estimating AOO for IUCN Red List assessments, especially when sampling coverage is low and the currently recommended method is ineffective. However, its application should be tailored to the species’ characteristics, as well as the sampling coverage and bias of the species’ records.
Globalization and electoral outcomes: Evidence from Italy
Authors: Caselli Mauro , Fracasso Andrea , Traverso Silvio 
Published: October 2019

AbstractWe study whether and to what extent the electoral dynamics in Italy over the 1994–2008 period can be explained by the development of economic factors associated with globalization. To measure the level of exposure to globalization for local labor markets, our main unit of analysis, we use the intensity of import competition from China and the presence of immigrants. Looking at parties’ political positions and employing an estimation strategy that accounts for endogeneity and time‐invariant unobserved effects across local labor markets, we find that both immigration intensity and exposure to import competition from China have contributed positively to the electoral outcomes of far‐right parties, whereas only immigration intensity has increased the vote shares of right‐wing and traditionalist/authoritarian/nationalist parties. Some evidence, albeit not robust, shows that immigration may have also had a positive impact on far‐left parties, thus possibly further contributing toward political polarization. Moreover, electoral turnout has responded negatively to an increased presence of migrants. While the above effects seem to work through the mediation of labor markets, our results, especially those related to immigration, suggest that other mechanisms at the level of local communities are also at play.