bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bronchoalveolar lavage with pediatric flexible fibreoptic bronchoscope in pediatric haematopoietic stem cell transplant patients: Nursing considerations for operative complications
Authors: Huang Rulin , Lin Wenchun , Fan Huifeng , Lu Gen , Yang Diyuan , Ma Lan , Lin Jiamian 
Published: March 2019

AbstractsPurposeBronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) with pediatric flexible fibreoptic bronchoscopy (FB) is used for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes in pediatric haematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) patients with pulmonary complications. The aim of our study was to evaluate complications in pediatric HSCT patients undergoing BAL/FB and to explore the nursing emphases on complications.Design and MethodsWe performed a retrospective, case‐controlled study to evaluate perioperative complications of HSCT children. BAL/FB was conducted for 42 children with HSCT who experienced pulmonary complications between January 2017 and January 2018 within a tertiary hospital. Forty patients diagnosed with general pneumonia were randomly selected during the same period and served as the control group. We analyzed the signs and symptoms of all patients and compared the operative complications between the two groups. Furthermore, we presented the methods used to manage complications.ResultsThe presence of cough, lung rales, and imaging findings in the HSCT patients was significantly different from that of the control group (p < 0.0001). The complication rate was 66.67% (28/42) in the HSCT group and 22.5% (9/40) in the control group, and the difference was significant (p < 0.0001). Twelve out of 42 HSCT patients experienced airway mucosal bleeding (28.57%), and six had transient fever (14.29%). The topical use of epinephrine diluted saline (1:10,000) was highly effective for controlling airway mucosal bleeding without causing fluctuations in blood pressure.Practice ImplicationsThere were more perioperative complications in the HSCT patients than in the general pneumonia patients who underwent BAL/FB. Airway mucosal bleeding was a key focus of perioperative nursing in HSCT patients undergoing bronchoscopy as main complication. BAL with the use of epinephrine diluted saline (1:10,000) effectively decreased airway mucosal bleeding.
Results of histopathology, immunohistochemistry, and molecular clonality testing of small intestinal biopsy specimens from clinically healthy client‐owned cats
Authors: Marsilio Sina , Ackermann Mark R. , Lidbury Jonathan A. , Suchodolski Jan S. , Steiner Jörg M. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundHistopathology, immunohistochemistry, and molecular clonality testing are metrics frequently used to diagnose chronic enteropathy (CE) in cats. However, normal values for these metrics have been based mainly on samples from cats that were relatively young, specific pathogen‐free, or both.ObjectivesTo describe results of histopathology, immunohistochemistry, and clonality testing of endoscopically‐derived biopsy specimens of the upper small intestinal tract from a cohort of clinically healthy client‐owned cats.AnimalsTwenty clinically healthy client‐owned cats ≥3 years of age.MethodsTissue specimens were collected from the stomach and duodenum and evaluated single blinded by a board‐certified pathologist. In addition, samples were evaluated by routine immunohistochemistry and clonality testing. Cats were followed after the procedure for signs of CE.ResultsIntegrated results from histopathology, immunohistochemistry, and clonality testing were interpreted as consistent with small cell lymphoma (SCL; n = 12), emerging SCL (n = 1), lymphocytic enteritis (n = 6), and pseudoclonality (n = 1). On follow‐up, 3 cats eventually developed clinical signs of CE, of which 2 were euthanized 295 and 654 days post‐endoscopy. The remaining 17 cats did not show clinical signs of CE after a median of 709 days (range, 219‐869 days).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceIntestinal biopsy specimens from clinically healthy client‐owned cats commonly had abnormal findings on histopathology, immunohistochemistry, clonality testing, or some combination of these without apparent clinical relevance. Current diagnostic metrics for diagnosing CE in cats may need modification to be applicable to the general population of cats.
Micronutrient status differs among Maasai and Kamba preschoolers in a supplementary feeding programme in Kenya
Authors: Houghton Lisa A. , Brown Rachel C. , Beaumont Sarah , Jennings Shona , Bailey Karl B. , Haszard Jillian J. , Erhardt Juergen , Daniels Lisa , Gibson Rosalind S. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractSince 2001, ChildFund Kenya has supplied micronutrient fortified school meals to preschoolers from two tribes (Kamba and Maasai) attending early childhood development (ECD) centres in Emali, S.E. Kenya. Lack of information on the micronutrient status of the preschoolers prompted a cross‐sectional assessment of micronutrient (iron, zinc, selenium, vitamin A, vitamin D) status and prevalence of deficiencies among the two tribes. Data on sociodemographic, health, anthropometric status, and micronutrient supply from preschool meals were collected from 287 Kamba and 213 Maasai children aged 3 to 5 years attending 23 ECD centres. Nonfasting blood samples were collected for haemoglobin and plasma biomarkers of iron, zinc, selenium, vitamin A, vitamin D, C‐reactive protein (CRP), α1‐acid glycoprotein, and immunoglobin G. The prevalence of anaemia was significantly higher in Maasai children than Kamba (38%, 95% CI [31%, 45%], vs. 5%, [3%, 9%]), as well as iron deficiency and its various stages (P < 0.001). No differences were seen in the prevalence of zinc, selenium, vitamin A, or vitamin D deficiencies (all P > 0.05). Body iron, CRP, and age were significant predictors of haemoglobin concentrations for both tribes (all P < 0.006) and plasma 25‐OHD for Maasai children only. The higher prevalence of iron deficiency among Maasai than Kamba children was possibly attributed to the high consumption of cow's milk (low in bioavailable iron) in place of micronutrient fortified meals together with a higher prevalence of chronic inflammation and intestinal damage.
Association of renal function with cognition, functional ability and mood in the oldest‐old: The ‘Health and Anemia study’
Authors: Mandelli Sara , Riva Emma , Tettamanti Mauro , Detoma Paolo , Giacomin Adriano , Lucca Ugo 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTAimIn this study, the relationship between kidney function, cognitive performance, functional abilities and mood was investigated in a community‐dwelling Italian oldest‐old population.MethodsSerum creatinine was used to calculate estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) using the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease formula, for 415 oldest‐old without dementia participating in the ‘Health and Anemia’ study, a prospective, observational cohort study. The cross‐sectional associations of kidney function with cognitive performance on several neuropsychological tests, basic and instrumental functional abilities and mood were analyzed using univariate and multivariable linear regression models.ResultsCognitive performance and functional ability significantly worsened with decreasing kidney function. After adjusting for age, sex, education, comorbidity index of the Cumulative Illness Rating Scale (CIRS), body mass index, bone fracture and serum ferritin levels the associations of eGFR categories with basic and instrumental functional abilities continued to be statistically significant whereas that with global cognitive functions did not. No significant independent association was found between renal function and mood.ConclusionsOldest‐old with reduced kidney function showed greater basic and instrumental functional disabilities, while cognitive function, although decreased with decreasing eGFR, was no longer significantly associated with eGFR categories after adjusting for confounders.
Spatio‐temporal motility MRI analysis of the stomach and colon
Authors: Menys Alex , Hoad Caroline , Spiller Robin , Scott S. Mark , Atkinson David , Marciani Luca , Taylor Stuart A. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundMRI is increasingly used to objectively assess gastrointestinal motility. However, motility metrics often do not offer insights into the nature of contractile action. This study introduces a systematic method of making spatio‐temporal measurements of contractions, based on changes in bowel lumen diameter.MethodsTwo heterogeneous cohorts of subjects were selected displaying gastric (n = 15) and colonic motility (n = 20) on which to test the spatio‐temporal motility MRI (STMM) technique. STMM involved delineating the bowel lumen along with inner and outer bowel wall along a section of the gastrointestinal tract. A series of diameter measurements were made automatically across the central axis of the lumen. Measurements were automatically propagated through the time series using a previously validated algorithm. Contractions were quantitatively summarized with two methods measuring (a) normalized contraction plot (NCP) and (b) combined velocity distance (CVD) both of which can be visualized as spatio‐temporal motility maps. Both metrics were correlated against subjective visual scoring systems.Key ResultsGood correlation was seen between reader scores and both motility metrics (NCP, R = 0.85, P < 0.001, CVD, R = 0.93, R < 0.001) in the gastric data. Good correlation was also seen between the reader scores and the two metrics in the colonic data (NCP, R = 0.82, P < 0.001, CVD, R = 0.78, R < 0.001).Conclusions and InferencesSpatio‐temporal motility MRI analysis of the stomach and colon correlates well with reader scores in a range of datasets and provides both a quantitative and qualitative means of assessing contractile activity in the gastrointestinal tract.
The differences in the esophageal motility between liquid and solid bolus swallows: A multicenter high‐resolution manometry study in Chinese asymptomatic volunteers
Authors: Xiang Xuelian , Wang Ao , Tu Lei , Xie Xiaoping , Ke Meiyun , Yang Yunsheng , Jiang Bo , Lin Lin , Dai Ning , Zhang Shengsheng , Tao Lin , Xu Hong , Liang Xiaomei , Fang Xiucai , Xia Zhiwei , Wang Xin , Wu Jianuan , Wang Meifeng , Zhang Hongjie , Fang Yanfei , Shen Chen , Wang Jing , Peng Lihua , Li Wenyan , Wang Zhifeng , Wang Kun , Liu Na , Hou Xiaohua 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe results of the esophageal body motility differences between liquid and solid swallows from high‐resolution manometry (HRM) studies are not consistent. The information of the frequency of ineffective liquid and solid bolus swallows in healthy individuals during HRM procedure is limited. The normative values of the HRM parameters of both liquid and solid swallows for Chinese population are lacking.MethodsThe esophageal HRM data of 101 healthy volunteers from multicenters in China were analyzed. The values of the HRM parameters were summarized and compared between liquid and solid swallows. The frequencies of ineffective liquid and solid swallows were summarized.ResultsEsophagus contracted stronger and slower in solid bolus swallows than water swallows with HREM. Ineffective water swallow (DCI < 450 mm Hg.s.cm) and ineffective bread swallow (DCI < 800 mm Hg.s.cm) were frequently seen in asymptomatic individuals. The adding of bread swallows to the HREM procedure might cause diagnostic change in about 15.8% (16/101) of the asymptomatic individuals.ConclusionsThe vigor and velocity of the esophageal peristalsis between liquid and solid bolus swallows are different. Ineffective water and solid bolus swallows are not rare. Adding solid bolus swallows brings diagnostic change, and it may be needed routinely for the HRM procedure.
Electronic health record as a panopticon: A disciplinary apparatus in nursing practice
Authors: Dillard‐Wright Jessica 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe specific arrangements of power/knowledge that characterize nurse interactions with the electronic health record form a panopticon. As health care moves into the 21st century, sophisticated technologies like the electronic health record shape the terrain of professional possibilities. The longer it is in use, the more it is possible to excavate the inherent disciplinary function of electronic health record. A panopticon is a generalizable, replicable apparatus of power that cultivates discipline when similar behaviours are desired from a group of people. This paper traces the arrangements of power/knowledge that characterize nurse interactions with the electronic health record rooted in a trauma critical care setting. Examining the apparatuses of power/knowledge enforced through panopticism in nursing makes the invisible visible. This in turn enables nurses to address the intended and unintended consequences of the electronic health record. If nurses are to effectively shape the direction of their own futures and the future of health care, nurses will need to unpack the invisible techniques of power such as the electronic health record as a panopticon. In the process of building a visible identity, contextualizing nursing knowledge to better care for patients on the one hand and understand the relationships of power that limit us on the other, nurses are neither apolitical nor powerless. Considering the dialectic of power/knowledge in the healthcare setting helps to illuminate spaces to recharacterize nursing, reveal the contributions and knowledge of nurses, and consolidate the professional power of nurses to affect meaningful change and self‐governance in the healthcare setting.
Correlates of advance directive treatment preferences among community‐dwelling older people with chronic diseases
Authors: Kim JinShil , Heo Seongkum , Hong Sun Woo , Shim JaeLan , Lee Jung‐Ah 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundConcerns over the creation of advance directives (ADs) and the factors associated with treatment directive decisions among Korean community‐dwelling older people with chronic diseases have rarely been addressed.ObjectivesThis study aimed to examine knowledge, attitudes and barriers/benefits regarding ADs and their associations with AD treatment preferences among chronically ill, low‐income, community‐dwelling older people.MethodsUsing a descriptive, correlational design, older people who were recipients of home visiting service for chronic disease management participated in this study. Home visiting nurses collected data on knowledge, attitudes and perceived barriers/benefits and treatment directives using questionnaires during home visits.ResultsOlder people (N = 112, mean age = 74.9 years, women = 83.9%) who had chronic diseases such as hypertension (56.3%), diabetes mellitus (40.2%) and cardiovascular disease/stroke (22.3%) participated. Approximately half of the participants preferred hospice care (54.5%), while a few of them preferred aggressive treatments: cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) (14.3%), ventilation support (9.8%) and haemodialysis (8.9%). Being married was associated with the likelihood of preferring CPR (odds ratio [OR] = 11.79) and ventilation support (OR = 9.99), higher education with CPR (OR = 1.23) and haemodialysis (OR = 1.16), and having a cardiovascular disease (CVD)/stroke with CPR (OR = 6.46) and hospice care (OR = 3.06). Among the modifiable factors, greater perceived barriers increased the likelihood of CPR preference (OR = 1.12) but decreased the likelihood of hospice care preference (OR = 0.96). Greater perceived benefits decreased the likelihood of CPR preference (OR = 0.81) and ventilation support (OR = 0.89), and AD knowledge decreased the likelihood of haemodialysis preference (OR = 0.23).ConclusionThe multidimensional factors were differently associated with each of the AD treatment preferences. Modifiable factors, including perceived barriers and benefits and knowledge, should be improved to help low‐income, community‐dwelling older people select adequate AD treatment preferences.Implications for practiceAdditional information regarding AD treatments and some modifiable and non‐modifiable correlates can be integrated into primary and palliative/supportive care in public health. The current home visitation service may also benefit from incorporating AD discussions while extending the service to embrace AD issues in addition to disease management.
New Technique for Cryoneuroablation of the Proximal Greater Occipital Nerve
Authors: Stogicza Agnes , Trescot Andrea , Rabago David 
Published: March 2019

AbstractStudy designDescription of a new technique.ObjectivesTo describe a safe ultrasound (US)‐guided cryoneuroablation technique of the proximal greater occipital nerve (GON).BackgroundCryoneuroablation is a treatment option for occipital neuralgia, providing more sustained relief when steroid injections fail. US can identify the proximal GON between the C2 spinous and C1 transverse process over the inferior oblique capitis muscle (IOCM), where the GON is clearly visualized. US‐guided GON injections are often performed with an out‐of‐plane approach; however, that approach is difficult with cryoneuroablation, because the probe has no opening (prohibiting hydrodissection), and the size and dullness of the probe hinders easy manipulation.SettingUniversity‐based outpatient pain clinic.MethodsWe provide a description of the procedure based on experience in the authors’ clinic. With the patient in the prone position, the US probe is placed parallel to the IOCM. The GON is seen on top of the IOCM; a midline 2‐mm incision allows access to the bilateral GONs with a single skin entry. Using an in‐plane approach, the cryo probe is advanced to the nerve in a medial‐to‐lateral direction, with constant US visualization, staying far away from the spinal cord and vertebral artery, which increases safety.ConclusionsBased on anecdotal evidence from the authors’ clinic, cryoneuroablation of the proximal GON can be performed safely at the level of the IOCM.LimitationsThe procedure described is based on anecdotal evidence from a small number of patients; however, the procedure is promising and formal study is warranted.
Do sensorimotor perturbations to standing balance elicit an error‐related negativity?
Authors: Payne Aiden M. , Ting Lena H. , Hajcak Greg 
Published: March 2019

AbstractDetecting and correcting errors is essential to successful action. Studies on response monitoring have examined scalp ERPs following the commission of motor slips in speeded‐response tasks, focusing on a frontocentral negativity (i.e., error‐related negativity or ERN). Sensorimotor neurophysiologists investigating cortical monitoring of reactive balance recovery behavior observe a strikingly similar pattern of scalp ERPs following externally imposed postural errors, including a brief frontocentral negativity that has been referred to as the balance N1. We integrate and review relevant literature from these discrepant fields to suggest shared underlying mechanisms and potential benefits of collaboration across fields. Unlike the cognitive tasks leveraged to study the ERN, balance perturbations afford precise experimental control of postural errors to elicit balance N1s that are an order of magnitude larger than the ERN and drive robust and well‐characterized adaptation of behavior within an experimental session. Many factors that modulate the ERN, including motivation, perceived consequences, perceptual salience, expectation, development, and aging, are likewise known to modulate the balance N1. We propose that the ERN and balance N1 reflect common neural activity for detecting errors. Collaboration across fields could help clarify the functional significance of the ERN and poorly understood interactions between motor and cognitive impairments.
Twinning rate in buffaloes: A case report
Authors: Rocha Luca Godoi Santana , dos Santos Daniel Jordan Abreu , Tonhati Humberto , Costa Raphael Bermal , de Camargo Gregório Miguel Ferreira 
Published: March 2019

ContentsThe information of twin pregnancy frequencies in buffaloes is scarce in the literature. Evidence even indicates that twin pregnancies are not carried to term, but it does not seem to be the case. In this case report, the event of twin pregnancy in buffaloes is reported as well as its frequency. Twin birth is the presence of two or more embryos in a single gestation. Multiple births are uncommon in buffaloes since the species is uniparous. We studied a population of Murrah buffaloes in which slightly more than 13,000 births were observed. In this study, the frequency of occurrence of twin births in Murrah buffaloes was 0.14%. This low incidence impaired the estimation of genetic parameters. Twins can have advantages and disadvantages depending on the production system, which are discussed in this case report.
Mainstreamed voluntary sustainability standards and their effectiveness: Evidence from the Honduran coffee sector
Authors: Dietz Thomas , Grabs Janina , Chong Andrea Estrella 
Published: March 2019

AbstractVoluntary Sustainability Standards have become a popular private governance framework for more sustainable agri‐food value chains. Yet, amid increasing concerns over the decoupling of standards and practices, it is still unclear to what extent agricultural standard requirements are implemented on the ground, and what may account for such differential implementation. This study employs a novel dataset of 659 Honduran coffee producers to examine this puzzle, focusing on the most widely used standards in the coffee sector (Common Code for the Coffee Community, Fairtrade, Fairtrade/organic, UTZ Certified, and Rainforest Alliance). It first presents results on implementation and behavioral change, based on matched groups of certified and non‐certified farmers, for eight representative social and environmental sustainability practices. Analyzing determinants of implementation success, it finds that the stringency of rules – if they are known by farmers – and the level of farm‐gate prices are significantly correlated with farmers’ performance and lower levels of decoupling across a majority of indicators. These results speak to the importance of supporting small‐scale actors’ awareness of and financial capacity to comply with proposed sustainability rules.
Transparency in transnational governance: The determinants of information disclosure of voluntary sustainability programs
Authors: Schleifer Philip , Fiorini Matteo , Auld Graeme 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe rise of “new” transnational governance has intensified debates about a lack of accountability in global politics. Reviewing the mechanisms through which transparency can foster accountability beyond the state, this article explores the determinants of information disclosure in the field of transnational sustainability governance. Examining the institutional design of 113 voluntary sustainability programs, we find a positive correlation between the involvement of public actors and information disclosure. In contrast, the role of civil society is more ambiguous. There is no statistical support for arguments linking non‐governmental organization participation to increased transparency. At the same time, our analysis reveals a robust correlation between civil society‐led metagovernance and information disclosure. Moreover, we find that crowding has a negative effect on transparency, whereas normative peer pressures have no influence. At a broader level, the analysis reveals a lack of “deep transparency” among transnational sustainability governors. This limits the scope for transparency‐induced accountability in this policy domain.