bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Clinical Prognostic Value of LRG1 in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Wang Yuanyuan , Xing Qian , Chen Xue , Wang Jianbo , Guan Shanghui , Chen Xuan , Sun Peng , Wang Mingxia , Cheng Yufeng 
Published: February 2019

Background:Leucine-rich-alpha-2-glycoprotein1 (LRG1) is a new oncogene-related gene, which has been proven important for the development and poor prognosis of human cancers. However, whether it participates in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) progression remains unclear.Objective:To investigate the expression level and functional influence of LRG1 in ESCC.Methods:The expression of LRG1 was evaluated on the mRNA and protein level in ESCC patients. Then, correlation of LRG1 expression with clinicpathological variables was analyzed in ESCC. Besides, to clarify the biological function of LRG1, Eca109 and KYSE150 cells were transfected with LRG1 shRNA, the cell viability, clonal efficiency, apoptosis and invasion assays in vitro were performed.Results:LRG1 was significantly over-expressed in ESCC and related to deeper invasion depth (T stage) and distal metastasis (M stage). Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated that LRG1 up-regulation in ESCC was closely correlated to worse clinical survival (overall survival and progression-free survival), all P<0.001. LRG1 was confirmed to be an independent poor premonitory indicator for clinical outcomes in ESCC through the univariate and multivariate analyses. Down-regulation of LRG1 in ESCC cells markedly suppressed cell proliferation and invasion, stimulated apoptosis (all p <0.01).Conclusion:LRG1 might play a significant role in the progression of ESCC, and could be served as a promising prognostic prediction for ESCC patients.
Detection and Analysis of RNAs Expression Profile for Methylated Candidate Tumor Suppressor Genes in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Authors: Zhao Shuang , Zhang Ye , Liang Xujun , Li Maoyu , Peng Fang , Chen Zhuchu , Chen Yongheng 
Published: February 2019

Background:DNA methylation, which acts as an expression regulator for multiple Tumor Suppressor Genes (TSGs), is believed to play an important role in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (NPC) development.Methods:We compared the effects of 5-aza-2-deoxycytidine (decitabine, DAC) on gene expression using RNA sequencing in NPC cells.Results:We analyzed Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs) in NPC cells using DAC demethylation treatment and found that 2182 genes were significantly upregulated (≥ 2-fold change), suggesting that they may play a key role in cell growth, proliferation, development, and death. For data analysis, we used the Gene Ontology database and pathway enrichment analysis of the DEGs to discover differential patterns of DNA methylation associated with changes in gene expression. Furthermore, we evaluated 74 methylated candidate TSGs from the DEGs in NPC cells and summarized these genes in several important signaling pathways frequently disrupted by promoter methylation in NPC tumorigenesis.Conclusion:Our study analyzes the DEGs and identifies a set of genes whose promoter methylation in NPC cells is reversed by DAC. These genes are potential substrates of DNMT inhibitors and may serve as tumor suppressors in NPC cells.
Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy for Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumours
Authors: Alsadik Shahad , Yusuf Siraj , AL-Nahhas Adil 
Published: February 2019

Background:
The incidence of pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumours (pNETs) has increased
considerably in the last few decades. The characteristic features of this tumour and the development of
new investigative and therapeutic methods had a great impact on its management.

Objective:
The aim of this review is to investigate the outcome of Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy
(PRRT) in the treatment of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours.

Methods:
A comprehensive literature search strategy was used based on two databases (SCOPUS, and
PubMed). We considered all studies published in English, evaluating the use of PRRT (177Luteciuim-
DOTA-conjugated peptides and 90Yetrium- DOTA- conjugated peptides) in the treatment of pancreatic
neuroendocrine tumours as a standalone entity or as a subgroup within the wider category of Gastroenteropancreatic
Neuroendocrine Tumours (GEP NETs).

Results:
PRRT was found to be an effective treatment modality as a monotherapy or in combination
with other therapies in the treatment of non-operable and metastatic pNETs where other options are
limited. Complete response was reported to be between 2-6% while partial response was achieved in up
to 60% of cases. Survival analysis was also impressive. Progression Free Survival (PFS) reached a mean
of 34 months and Overall Survival (OS) of 53 months. PRRT also proved to improve patients’ Quality
of Life (QoL). Acute and sub-acute side effects like nephrotoxicity and haematotoxicity are usually mild
and reversible.

Conclusion:
PRRT is well tolerated and effective treatment option for non-operable and/or metastatic
pNETs. Side effects are usually mild and reversible. Larger randomized controlled trails need to be done
to compare PRRT with other treatment modalities and to provide more detailed guidelines regarding
patient selections, the choice of PRRT, follow up and response assessment to maximum potential benefit.
O improvável na aula de História: sociabilidades, racialidades e modos de estar junto na escola
Authors: Meinerz Carla Beatriz , Caimi Flávia Eloisa , Oliveira Sandra Regina Ferreira de 
Published: February 2019

O artigo resulta de uma reflexão compartilhada no campo da Pesquisa em Educação e almeja interseccionar as categorias sociabilidade e racialidade na análise das relações estabelecidas nas instituições escolares. Enfoca a escola como espaço complexo de construção de modos de estar junto, ambiente marcado por uma ecologia de distintos saberes. O ensino de história, como lócus da instituição escolar, é abordado como lugar do improvável. Ao enfocar a aula de história, destacamos experiências que oscilam desde um possível compartilhamento das diferenças até a sua negação. Tal negação pode revelar situações e atores sociais ignorados ou trivializados em suas relações cotidianas. Propõe a análise de situações improváveis no cotidiano escolar como método diferenciado de análise investigativa. Os resultados parciais das pesquisas em questão se produzem no movimento de questionamento epistemológico e pedagógico provocado pelo pensamento decolonial.
Determinants of Timely Adoption of the 2013 COSO Integrated Framework
Authors: Addy Noel D. , Berglund Nathan R. 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACTIn 2013, the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) released an updated version of its widely utilized Internal Control—Integrated Framework. The update responded to two decades of changes in the business environment and increased focus on technology in business operations and reporting. While the old framework is no longer supported by COSO (effective December 15, 2014), some SEC filers continued to utilize the old framework past its phase-out date. This placed such companies at increased risk for internal control failure compared to other companies and SEC scrutiny. We examine determinants of timely adoption of the 2013 COSO framework update. We find evidence that timely adoption is related to absence of reported internal control weaknesses, auditing firms, and interlocking directorates. Our study contributes to literature on how social networks and operational characteristics affect internal control governance decisions.
THE ANALYSIS OF FACTORS WHICH INFLUENCE THE MANAGERIAL AND INSTITUTIONAL OWNERSHIP ON BASIC INDUSTRY AND CHEMICAL SECTORS AT INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE 2010 - 2014
Authors: Santoso Andrena Novita , Murhadi Werner R. , Ernawati Endang 
Published: February 2019

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of the following corporation’s variables: value, size, debt policy, growth, liquidity, dividend policy on managerial and institutional ownership in the base and chemical industry sector listed on the Indonesia stock exchange during 2010 through 2014. The findings showed that: (i) Corporation’s value and size variables have significant negative effect on managerial ownership; liquidity variable has significant positive effect on managerial ownership. On the other hand, debt policy, growth and dividend policy variables have non-significant negative effect on managerial ownership. (ii) Corporation’s value and size variables have significant positive effect on institutional ownership; debt policy variable has significant negative effect on institutional ownership, while growth, liquidity and dividend policy variables have non-significant positive effect on institutional ownership.
A retrospective cohort study of racing performance in Quarter Horses undergoing prosthetic laryngoplasty for treatment of recurrent laryngeal neuropathy
Authors: Krueger Clarisa R. , Lewis Robert D. , McIlwraith C. Wayne , Major Michael D. , Brakenhoff Jeffrey E. , Hand D. Reese , Rowland Aileen L. , Hess Ann M. , Johnson Samuel W. , Hackett Eileen S. 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine effects of prosthetic laryngoplasty on return to racing, performance index, and career longevity in racing Quarter Horses with recurrent laryngeal neuropathy (RLN) and to evaluate performance variables for horses with RLN undergoing prosthetic laryngoplasty, compared with a control horse population.
DESIGN Multicenter, retrospective cohort study.
ANIMALS 162 racing Quarter Horses with RLN treated with prosthetic laryngoplasty (case horses) and 324 racing Quarter Horse without RLN (control horses).
PROCEDURES Medical and race records of case and control horses examined at 5 referral centers between January 2000 and December 2015 were reviewed retrospectively. Two control horses were matched with each case horse. Return to racing, earnings, number of racing starts, performance index, and career longevity were evaluated.
RESULTS The odds of returning to racing did not differ significantly between case and control horses but decreased with increasing age. Neither racing starts nor career longevity were affected by prosthetic laryngoplasty or by RLN grade. In fact, horses undergoing laryngoplasty for treatment of RLN and horses with the lowest RLN grade before surgery had higher performance indices after the surgery, compared with indices for control horses.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE The faster speeds and shorter distances raced with Quarter Horses could alter how RLN impacts respiratory variables and performance in Quarter Horses, compared with other racehorse breeds. Further study is needed to understand the impacts of RLN and surgical treatments for RLN in racing Quarter Horses.
ANALISIS PRODUK DARAH: KONTAMINASI BAKTERI PADA THROMBOCYTE CONCENTRATE
Authors: Kusumaningrum Serafica Btari Christiyani , Eepvianti Wiwit 
Published: February 2019

Background: Bacterial contamination in thrombocyte concentrate (TC) blood product becomes a serious problem since it can cause clinical risks from mild symptom to death. TC storage condition at 22-25oC with agitation is good condition for bacterial growth. Source of bacterial contamination can come from donor bacteremia, not aseptically from taking and processing blood product. In a previous study, showed there were positive gram bacteria as bacterial contamination in TC.
Objective: This objective aims to determine bacterial contaminants in TC blood products.
Methods: Total of 3 TC bag samples were collected from UDD PMI Kabupaten Sleman. Each sample was inoculated to nutrient agar media and it incubated for 48 jam at 37oC. Observation of bacterial colony growth is carried out after incubation time is over.
Results: There was no bacterial growth in the media so that there was no bacterial contamination in TC. It showed that the procedures, processing, and storage of TC products in PMI Kabupaten Sleman were aseptic. Besides that, TC donors also did not suffer from bacteremia so there was bacterial contamination in TC.
Conclusion: In this study, bacterial contamination in blood product TC was not found since there was no bacterial growth in media.
Keywords: Bacterial contamination, blood products, blood bank, thrombocyte concentrate.
EFEKTIVITAS PIJAT EFFLEURAGE DAN COUNTERPRESSURE TERHADAP KEMAJUAN DILATASI SERVIKS PADA KALA I FASE AKTIF
Authors: Santiasari Retty Nirmala , Nurdiati Detty Siti , Lismidiati Wiwin 
Published: February 2019

Backgraound: Labor process begins with the process of cervical dilatation, which is commonly accompanied by pain. Labor pain caused by uterine contractions can cause thinning of the cervix. Effects of labor pain includes inflammation in uterus and labor dystocia. Effleurage and counterpressure are complementary treatment to stimulate uterine contractions.
Objective: To analyze the effectiveness of effleurage and counterpressure massages on the progress of cervical dilatation.
Method: This was a quasi-experiment study with pre-post test nonequivalent control group. Population was the women in labor in stage I active phase. Research subjects were 68 people that were divided into two groups. Sampling technique was consecutive sampling. Instrument used in this study was the internal examination. Data were analyzed using Wilcoxon and Mann Whitney.
Results: The progress of cervical dilatation before and after the intervention of the effleurage was 4.74±0.83 vs 7.47±1.21 with p=0.00 and the result for the counterpressure group was 4.59±0.66 vs 8.03±0.96 with p=0.00. The average improvement of cervical dilatation on the effleurage and counterpressure groups was 2.73 vs 3.44 with p=0.00.
Conclusion: The counterpressure has the more significant effect than the effleurage on improving the cervical dilatation.

Keywords: Cervical dilatation, counterpressure, effleurage
Correlation of the Neck Circumference with Blood Pressure
Authors: Makaju Sarbada , Chaudhary Sonam , Alam Munna 
Published: February 2019

Background: The growing epidemic of hypertension owing to physical inactivity and dietary modification is a global burden. The obesity which acts as a pre-disposing factor for blood pressure can be measured with neck circumference (NC) as well. Thus, the aim of this study is to find out the relation between the components of blood pressure and the neck circumference. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 1000 Nepalese individuals in Manipal Teaching Hospital, Manipal College of Medical Sciences and surrounding locality after getting the ethical clearance. The age range for participants were between 30-60 years from both genders. The systolic and diastolic components of blood pressure (SBP, DBP) with and without the history of anti-hypertensive medication and the neck circumferences of the participants were taken in consideration. The data were analyzed with SPSS 20 version. Results: The male occupied 76.4% and the rest were female. The total mean of SBP and DBP were comparatively more in male [123.24±11.11mmHg; 83.08±8.24mmHg] than in female. The maximum numbers of participants taking anti hypertensive drugs [AHD] in male and female were age range between 35-44 and 45-54 respectively. The total mean of NC is more in male (38.08±2.46 cm) than in female. The NC had weak positive correlation with SBP and DBP. This correlation was more positive with DBP in female participants under medication which was statistically significant (p<0.05). Conclusions: The NC shows the positive correlation with the components of blood pressure. This correlation is comparatively more with DBP in female taking anti-hypertensive drugs.
A new hybrid approach for reliability-based design optimization of structural components
Authors: Demirci Emre , Yıldız Ali Rıza 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Reliability-based design optimization (RBDO) is an effective method for structural optimization due to its ability to take into consideration uncertainties in design variables. Performance measure approach (PMA) based methods are commonly utilized to evaluate the probabilistic constraints of RBDO problems. The advanced mean value (AMV) method is a very commonly used due to its simpleness and effectiveness. However, the AMV method sometimes produces unstable and inefficient results for concave and highly nonlinear limit-state functions. In order to improve robustness and efficiency, many methods have been developed, for example, chaos control based and conjugate gradient-based methods. These methods lead to more stable results as compared with the AMV approach but they are inefficient for use in complex and convex limit-state functions. The RBDO of structural components is often a difficult issue due to complicated constraints. In this paper, a novel hybrid approach, referred to as “hybrid gradient analysis (HGA)” is introduced for the evaluation of both convex and concave constraint functions in RBDO. The HGA method combines AMV and conjugate gradient analysis (CGA). The robustness, simpleness and effectiveness of the proposed HGA method are compared with various PMA methods aimed at reliability such as AMV, chaos control (CC), conjugate mean value (CMV), modified chaos control (MCC), hybrid mean value (HMV) and CGA methods by means of several nonlinear convex/concave limit-state functions and structural RBDO problems. Reliability analysis and RBDO results point out that the HGA approach introduced here is more effective and robust than the well-known approaches.
Investigation of the microstructure of dissimilar welds in duplex stainless steel and low alloyed steel
Authors: Mitelea Ion , Uţu Ion Dragoş , Karancsi Olimpiu , Urlan Sorin Dumitru , Crăciunescu Corneliu Marius 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
The chemical and microstructural heterogeneities of arc welded joints of duplex stainless steel (X2CrNiMoN22-5-3) and chromium-molybdenum (13CrMo4-5) low alloy steel have been investigated. Rutile coated electrodes containing chromium and molybdenum amounts similar to that of duplex stainless steel but with a higher nickel content have been selected for the manual welding of the joints. The higher nickel content has been chosen, since nickel promotes the formation of austenite and induces an approximately equal proportion of ferrite and austenite in the weld. At the interface between the low alloyed steel and the weld metal as well as in the cross section of the weld metal, chemical and microstructural variations have been determined.
Effect of weld parameters on the microstructure and mechanical properties of dissimilar friction stir joints between pure copper and the aluminum alloy AA7075-T6
Authors: Cakan Ahmet , Ugurlu Mustafa , Kaygusuz Emre 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Friction stir welding frequently produces a superior microstructure and mechanical properties than conventional methods for welding nonferrous materials and alloys. In this study, friction stir welding was used to join sheets of the aluminum alloy AA7075 with commercially pure copper cpCu. Two rotational speeds, 660 and 920 rpm, and three welding speeds, 18, 32 and 54 mm × min−1, were studied to determine the effects of these parameters on the structure and mechanical properties of friction stir welded AA7075-cpCu. The joint performance was investigated by conducting optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), by microhardness measurements and mechanical testing (e. g. tensile tests). A maximum tensile strength of 224 MPa and percentage elongation of 2.49 were obtained when friction stir welding process parameters, namely rotational speed and welding speed, were kept at 660 rpm and 32 mm × min−1, respectively.
Retrospective of legislation on the acquisition (purchase) of wild animals for the purpose of their maintenance and breeding in semi-free conditions or in captivity
Authors: Onishchenko O. Yu. 
Published: February 2019

The purpose of the article is to analyze and thoroughly study the special legal literature and the legal and regulatory framework for the emergence and gradual formation of legislation in the field of obtaining (purchasing) wild animals for the purpose of their maintenance and breeding in semi-free conditions or in captivity.
The importance of the scientific article is indisputable, since the question of the formation and development of the legislative framework, through which becomes possible regulation of environmental relations in the field of acquisition (acquisition) of wild animals for the purpose of their maintenance and breeding in semi-free conditions or in captivity, is a complex historical and legal phenomenon, that has its own periodization.
In the scientific work the author objectively and thoroughly investigates the history of the process of formation, formation and formation of environmental legislation in the field of obtaining (purchasing) wild animals for the purpose of keeping and breeding in semi-free conditions or in captivity.
The author’s point of view is fair, according to which in Ukraine there is currently no effective system of normative legal acts, that ensure the proper regulation of the use and protection of wild animals, that are in a semi-free condition or in captivity. At the same time in order to preserve the diversity of wildlife and successfully restore their numbers it is necessary to have an effective and reliable national legal system, ecological and legal norms and regulations that would regulate the legal regime of wild animals in semi-free conditions or in captivity.
The key point is the author’s position, that the formation of a retrospective of legislation in the field of acquisition (purchase) of wild animals for the purpose of their maintenance and breeding in semi-free conditions or in captivity should be divided into four main periods: the ancient period, medieval period, the period of the influence of tsarist Russia and the Austro-Hungarian Empire on Ukrainian lands and the period of formation and development of legislation within the Soviet Union. In the conclusions the author summarizes the analysis of the development of environmental legislation in the field of acquisition (purchase) of wild animals for the purpose of their maintenance and breeding in semi-free conditions or in captivity.