bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Characterization of the Sindbis Virus Proteome from Mammalian and Invertebrate Hosts Identifies nsP2 as a Component of the Virion and Sorting Nexin 5 as a Significant Host Factor for Alphavirus Replication
Authors: Schuchman Ryan , Kilianski Andy , Piper Amanda , Vancini Ricardo , Ribeiro José M. C. , Sprague Thomas R. , Nasar Farooq , Boyd Gabrielle , Hernandez Raquel , Glaros Trevor 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT
Recent advances in mass spectrometry methods and instrumentation now allow for more accurate identification of proteins in low abundance. This technology was applied to Sindbis virus, the prototypical alphavirus, to investigate the viral proteome. To determine if host proteins are specifically packaged into alphavirus virions, Sindbis virus (SINV) was grown in multiple host cells representing vertebrate and mosquito hosts, and total protein content of purified virions was determined. This analysis identified host factors not previously associated with alphavirus entry, replication, or egress. One host protein, sorting nexin 5 (SNX5), was shown to be critical for the replication of three different alphaviruses, Sindbis, Mayaro, and Chikungunya viruses. The most significant finding was that in addition to the host proteins, SINV nonstructural protein 2 (nsP2) was detected within virions grown in all host cells examined. The protein and RNA-interacting capabilities of nsP2 coupled with its presence in the virion support a role for nsP2 during packaging and/or entry of progeny virus. This function has not been identified for this protein. Taken together, this strategy identified at least one host factor integrally involved in alphavirus replication. Identification of other host proteins provides insight into alphavirus-host interactions during viral replication in both vertebrate and invertebrate hosts. This method of virus proteome analysis may also be useful for the identification of protein candidates for host-based therapeutics.

IMPORTANCE
Pathogenic alphaviruses, such as Chikungunya and Mayaro viruses, continue to plague public health in developing and developed countries alike. Alphaviruses belong to a group of viruses vectored in nature by hematophagous (blood-feeding) insects and are termed arboviruses (arthropod-borne viruses). This group of viruses contains many human pathogens, such as dengue fever, West Nile, and Yellow fever viruses. With few exceptions, there are no vaccines or prophylactics for these agents, leaving one-third of the world population at risk of infection. Identifying effective antivirals has been a long-term goal for combating these diseases not only because of the lack of vaccines but also because they are effective during an ongoing epidemic. Mass spectrometry-based analysis of the Sindbis virus proteome can be effective in identifying host genes involved in virus replication and novel functions for virus proteins. Identification of these factors is invaluable for the prophylaxis of this group of viruses.
Trends in asthma hospital admissions and mortality in Kuwait, 2000–2014: a national retrospective observational study
Authors: Ziyab Ali H , Abul Adnan T 
Published: May 2018

ObjectivesTo examine trends in asthma hospitalisation and mortality rates from 2000 to 2014 in Kuwait according to sex, age and nationality.MethodsFor this nationwide, retrospective observational study, data from hospital discharge records and death certificates listing asthma as the primary reason for hospitalisation or mortality were obtained from the National Center for Health Information database using International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision codes J45 and J46. Trends in sex-adjusted, age-adjusted and nationality-adjusted hospitalisation and mortality rates were examined. Poisson regression models were applied to test for linear trends overtime and estimate adjusted rate ratios and 95% CI.ResultsDuring the 15-year study period, a total of 43 652 hospitalisations and 484 deaths due to asthma exacerbations were identified. The average annual adjusted rates of asthma hospitalisation and mortality were estimated to be 134.9 (95% CI 131.8 to 138.1) and 2.1 (95% CI 1.8 to 2.4) per 100 000 population, respectively. Hospitalisation rates decreased by 49.5% in the total population (from 180.8 to 91.3 admissions per 100 000 population between 2000 and 2014, ptrend<0.001) and by 57.9% in the age group of 5–44 years (from 77.3 to 32.5 admissions per 100 000 population, ptrend<0.001). Mortality rates decreased from 4.1 to 0.9 deaths per 100 000 population between 2000 and 2014 in the total population (77.6% decrease, ptrend<0.001) and from 0.6 to 0.2 deaths per 100 000 population among those aged 5–44 years (61.9% reduction, ptrend=0.005). Kuwaiti compared with non-Kuwaiti subjects had higher risk of asthma hospitalisation and mortality. Among children aged ≤19 years, the risk of hospitalisation was higher in boys compared with girls; however, among adults, women experienced more hospitalisations than men.ConclusionsAsthma hospitalisation and mortality rates have substantially decreased between 2000 and 2014 in Kuwait, with persisting differences between genders, age groups and citizens versus non-citizens. The observed decreasing trends in Kuwait are in agreement with global trends.
Comparison of success criteria based on long-term symptoms and new-onset hypertension in mandibular advancement device treatment for obstructive sleep apnoea: observational cohort study
Authors: Wee Jee Hye , Lim Jae Hyun , Gelera January E , Rhee Chae-Seo , Kim Jeong-Whun 
Published: May 2018

ObjectiveTo identify adequate criteria to determine the success or failure of mandibular advancement device (MAD) treatment for obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) based on long-term symptoms and new-onset hypertension.DesignObservational cohort study.SettingA tertiary care hospital setting in South Korea.ParticipantsPatients (age >18 years) who were diagnosed with OSA by a polysomnography (PSG) or Watch peripheral arterial tonometry (PAT), and who had been treated with MAD between January 2007 and December 2014 were enrolled.Primary and secondary outcome measuresPatients underwent PSG or Watch PAT twice; before and 3 months after the application of MAD. The patients were categorised into success and failure groups using seven different criteria. MAD compliance, witnessed apnoea and snoring, Epworth Sleepiness Scale score and occurrence of new-onset hypertension were surveyed via telephonic interview to determine the criteria that could identify success and failure of MAD.ResultsA total of 97 patients were included. The mean follow-up duration was 60.5 months, and the mean apnoea–hypopnoea index (AHI) was 35.5/hour. Two of the seven criteria could significantly differentiate the success and failure groups based on long-term symptoms, including (1) AHI<10/hour with MAD and (2) AHI<10/hour and AHI reduction of >50% with MAD. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that one criterion of AHI<15/hour with MAD could differentiate the success and failure groups based on new-onset hypertension (p=0.035). The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis indicated that the cut-off AHI for new-onset hypertension was 16.8/hour (71.4% sensitivity and 75.0% specificity).ConclusionOur long-term follow-up survey for symptoms and new-onset hypertension suggested that some of the polysomnographic success criteria, that is, AHI<10/hour with MAD, AHI<10/hour and AHI reduction of >50% with MAD and AHI<15/hour with MAD may be useful in distinguishing the success group from failure one. Further prospective longitudinal studies are warranted to validate these criteria.
Different Dosages of Triamcinolone Acetonide Injection for the Treatment of Trigger Finger and Thumb: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Kosiyatrakul Arkaphat , Loketkrawee Wittawat , Luenam Suriya 
Published: May 2018

Background: This study was designed to compare the efficacy and complications between 3 different dosages of triamcinolone acetonide for the treatment of trigger finger.Methods: Ninety-three patients with a total of 120 trigger digits were included in the study. The involved digits were randomized to 3 groups. Each group received treatment consisting of injection with 5, 10 or 20 mg triamcinolone acetonide. The clinical response to the steroid was evaluated during the first six weeks after injection. The success rate was determined at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months after injection.Results: After the injections, pain and triggering improved gradually and nearly resolved completely at 6 weeks in all dosages. A dose related pattern was found at 3 and 6 months after the injection. The 20 mg group had a significant higher success rate when compared to the 5 and 10 mg at 3 and 6 months. The 10 mg group has significant higher success rate when compare to 5 mg at 3 months. There were no differences of success rate between groups at 9 and 12 months. At 12 months, 7 of 40 digits (17.5%) in the 5 mg group, 7 of 40 digits (17.5%) in the 10 mg group, and 9 of 40 digit (22.5%) in the 20 mg group were without triggering (p = 0.806).Conclusions: A dose-response characteristic was demonstrated in the treatment of trigger finger with triamcinolone acetonide. Triamcinolone acetonide 5 mg seems to have the lowest success rate.
Long-term Outcome of Open Synovectomy with Radial Head Resection for Rheumatoid Elbow
Authors: Nakayama Masanori , Sakuma Yu , Imamura Hitoshi , Yano Koichiro , Ikari Katsunori 
Published: May 2018

Background: We reviewed our surgical results of open synovectomy with radial head resection for rheumatoid elbow.Methods: We reviewed the 20 patients (22 elbows) underwent open synovectomy for rheumatoid elbows retrospectively. The minimum follow-up period is over 10 years, and the average was 13 years 4 months. Surgical outcomes were evaluated using the VAS pain scale, range of motion, and radiologic outcomes including Larsen’s grade and carrying angle.Results: The mean VAS score was 39 (range, 10–90) at last follow-up. The only one patient underwent revision surgery. The mean flexion-extension range of elbow was -28°–112° and arc of motion was 82° before surgery. The mean flexion-extension range of elbow was -23°–114°, and arc of motion was 90° at last follow-up. Radiologic findings of nine elbows in 21 elbows worsened at last follow-up according to the Larsen–s grade. Carrying angle increased by mean 4.2°, and it increased by 10° or more in four elbows.Conclusions: Our results show that open synovectomy with radial head resection resulted in functional motion maintenance and pain control for a long time, but often resulted in an elbow valgus deformity. Our findings suggest open synovectomy can be considered as palliative treatment for painful rheumatoid elbow.
Recurrent Cubital Tunnel Syndrome Caused by Ganglion: A Report of Nine Cases
Authors: Komatsu Masatoshi , Uchiyama Shigeharu , Kimura Takumi , Suenaga Naoki , Hayashi Masanori , Kato Hiroyuki 
Published: May 2018

Background: Cubital tunnel syndrome (CuTS) is generally treated successfully by surgery and recurrent cases are rare. This study retrospectively investigated the clinical characteristics of recurrent CuTS caused by ganglion.Methods: We evaluated nine patients who were surgically treated for recurrent CuTS caused by ganglion. Age distribution at recurrence ranged from 43 to 79 years. The initial surgery for CuTS had been performed using various methods. The asymptomatic period from initial surgery to recurrence ranged from 22 to 252 months. Clinical, diagnostic imaging, and operative findings during the second surgery were analyzed. All patients were treated by anterior subcutaneous ulnar nerve transposition with ganglion resection and later examined directly within a mean of 71 months after the second surgery.Results: The interval from recurrence to consultation was shorter than two months for eight cases. Chief complaints included numbness with or without pain in the ring and little fingers in all patients and resting pain in the medial elbow in five patients. Elbow osteoarthritis was present in all cases. Although four of 10 ganglia were palpable, ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging could identify all ganglia preoperatively. The ulnar nerve typically had become entrapped by the ganglion posteriorly and by fascia, scar tissue, and/or muscle anteriorly. Chief complaints and ulnar nerve function were improved in all patients following revision surgery.Conclusions: The acute onset of numbness with or without intolerable pain in the ring and little fingers after a long-term remission period following initial surgery for CuTS in patients with elbow osteoarthritis appears to be the characteristic clinical profile of recurrent CuTS caused by ganglion. As ganglia are often not palpable, ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging are recommended for accurate diagnosis.
PTEN Regulates Nonhomologous End Joining By Epigenetic Induction of NHEJ1/XLF
Authors: Sulkowski Parker L. , Scanlon Susan E. , Oeck Sebastian , Glazer Peter M. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) are the most cytotoxic DNA lesions, and up to 90% of DSBs require repair by nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ). Functional and genomic analyses of patient-derived melanomas revealed that PTEN loss is associated with NHEJ deficiency. In PTEN-null melanomas, PTEN complementation rescued the NHEJ defect; conversely, suppression of PTEN compromised NHEJ. Mechanistic studies revealed that PTEN promotes NHEJ through direct induction of expression of XRCC4-like factor (NHEJ1/XLF), which functions in DNA end bridging and ligation. PTEN was found to occupy the NHEJ1 gene promoter and to recruit the histone acetyltransferases, PCAF and CBP, inducing XLF expression. This recruitment activity was found to be independent of its phosphatase activity, but dependent on K128, a site of regulatory acetylation on PTEN. These findings define a novel function for PTEN in regulating NHEJ DSB repair, and therefore may assist in the design of individualized strategies for cancer therapy.
Implications: PTEN is the second most frequently lost tumor suppressor gene. Here it is demonstrated that PTEN has a direct and novel regulatory role in NHEJ, a key DNA repair pathway in response to radiation and chemotherapy. Mol Cancer Res; 16(8); 1241–54. ©2018 AACR.
A globalização como meio de ocidentalização do Oriente Médio
Authors: Oliveira Ananda Vilela da Silva 
Published: May 2018

A partir do conceito de globalização perversa de Milton Santos, esse artigo analisa a tentativa de ocidentalização do Oriente Médio que utiliza instrumentos econômicos e culturais para expandir as fronteiras do capitalismo. Para isso, serão utilizados dados históricos para uma análise qualitativa das mudanças no Oriente Médio, que podem ser fruto de uma globalização que busca a expansão de mercados, partindo-se da hipótese de que esta serve aos países mais fortes no sistema internacional, passando por cima de culturas milenares e universalizando a visão de uma região atrasada e inane.
Race and Beta‐Blocker Survival Benefit in Patients With Heart Failure: An Investigation of Self‐Reported Race and Proportion of African Genetic Ancestry
Authors: Luzum Jasmine A. , Peterson Edward , Li Jia , She Ruicong , Gui Hongsheng , Liu Bin , Spertus John A. , Pinto Yigal M. , Williams L. Keoki , Sabbah Hani N. , Lanfear David E. 
Published: May 2018

Background
It remains unclear whether beta‐blockade is similarly effective in black patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction as in white patients, but self‐reported race is a complex social construct with both biological and environmental components. The objective of this study was to compare the reduction in mortality associated with beta‐blocker exposure in heart failure and reduced ejection fraction patients by both self‐reported race and by proportion African genetic ancestry.

Methods and Results

Insured patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction (n=1122) were included in a prospective registry at Henry Ford Health System. This included 575 self‐reported blacks (129 deaths, 22%) and 547 self‐reported whites (126 deaths, 23%) followed for a median 3.0 years. Beta‐blocker exposure (
BB
exp) was calculated from pharmacy claims, and the proportion of African genetic ancestry was determined from genome‐wide array data. Time‐dependent Cox proportional hazards regression was used to separately test the association of
BB
exp with all‐cause mortality by self‐reported race or by proportion of African genetic ancestry. Both sets of models were evaluated unadjusted and then adjusted for baseline risk factors and beta‐blocker propensity score.
BB
exp effect estimates were protective and of similar magnitude both by self‐reported race and by African genetic ancestry (adjusted hazard ratio=0.56 in blacks and adjusted hazard ratio=0.48 in whites). The tests for interactions with
BB
exp for both self‐reported race and for African genetic ancestry were not statistically significant in any model (
P
>0.1 for all).

Conclusions

Among black and white patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction, reduction in all‐cause mortality associated with
BB
exp was similar, regardless of self‐reported race or proportion African genetic ancestry.
Early Cerebral Vein After Endovascular Ischemic Stroke Treatment Predicts Symptomatic Reperfusion Hemorrhage
Authors: Cartmell Samuel C.D. , Ball Robyn L. , Kaimal Rajani , Telischak Nicholas A. , Marks Michael P. , Do Huy M. , Dodd Robert L. , Albers Gregory W. , Lansberg Maarten G. , Heit Jeremy J. 
Published: May 2018

Background and Purpose—
Parenchymal hemorrhage (PH) after endovascular mechanical thrombectomy in acute ischemic stroke leads to worse outcomes. Better clinical and imaging biomarkers of symptomatic reperfusion PH are needed to identify patients at risk. We identified clinical and imaging predictors of reperfusion PH after endovascular mechanical thrombectomy with attention to early cerebral veins (ECVs) on postreperfusion digital subtraction angiography.

Methods—

We performed a retrospective cohort study of consecutive acute ischemic stroke patients undergoing endovascular mechanical thrombectomy at our neurovascular referral center. Clinical and imaging characteristics were collected from patient health records, and random forest variable importance measures were used to identify predictors of symptomatic PH. Predictors of secondary outcomes, including 90-day mortality, functional dependence (modified Rankin Scale score, >2), and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale shift, were also determined. Diagnostic test characteristics of ECV for symptomatic PH were determined using a receiver operating characteristic analysis. Differences between patients with and without symptomatic PH were assessed with Fisher exact test and the Wilcoxon rank sum (Mann–Whitney
U
test) test at the 0.05 significance level.

Results—
Of 64 patients with anterior circulation large-vessel occlusion identified, 6 (9.4%) developed symptomatic PH. ECV was the strongest predictor of symptomatic PH with more than twice the importance of the next best predictor, male sex. Although ECV was also predictive of 90-day mortality and functional dependence, other characteristics were more important than ECV for these outcomes. The sensitivity and specificity of ECV alone for subsequent hemorrhage were both 0.83, with an area under the curve of 0.83 and 95% confidence interval of 0.66 to 1.00.

Conclusions—
ECV on postendovascular mechanical thrombectomy digital subtraction angiography is highly diagnostic of subsequent symptomatic reperfusion hemorrhage in this data set. This finding has important implications for post-treatment management of blood pressure and anticoagulation.
An updated checklist of groundwater crustaceans of India
Authors: Ranga Reddy Yenumula 
Published: May 2018

AbstractOnly eight groundwater crustacean species were known in India till the end of 20thcentury. Analysis of about 4000 samples collected during 2000-2016 from diverse groundwater habitats, especially in certain pockets of the deltaic belt of the Rivers Krishna and Godavari in the southeastern peninsular India, has so far yielded about 90 new crustacean taxa. Of these, 67 new species have been described formally, which include, respectively, 34, 27, 3, 2 and 1 species each of Copepoda, Bathynellacea, Amphipoda, Isopoda and Ostracoda. The updated checklist presented herein includes a total of 87 species in 45 genera, 22 families and 8 orders. For each species, the reference to its original description, type locality, distribution, and ecological notes, co-occurring fauna, if any, and sampling method(s) are given. Besides map-pointing the type localities of the species, brief notes are given on the biogeography and conservation.
Growth, maturity and mortality of the blue crab Callinectes arcuatus Ordway, 1863 (Decapoda, Portunidae) in a Mexican coastal lagoon
Authors: Rivera-Velázquez Perla J. , Aragón-Noriega E. Alberto , Rodríguez-Domínguez Guillermo , Pérez-González Raúl , Castillo-Vargasmachuca Sergio G. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
In Mexico, swimming crabs are considered a strategic resource because it supports artisanal fishing when the main fish resource (shrimp) is in closed season. In “Marismas Nacionales” the blue crab fishery is relatively new, and the catches have been maintained due to the national demand and the availability of the resource. Individual growth, sexual maturity, sexual ratio and mortality were estimated for Callinectes arcuatus for providing information about its population dynamics. Samplings were carried out every 10 days from October 2002 to November 2003. A total of 6022 specimens of C. arcuatus were collected (70.05% were males and 29.95% females) with a maximum carapace width (CW) of 138.5 mm in males and 118.7 mm for females. For males, case 5 of the Schnute model was the best model for describing the individual growth ( and ), while case 2 ( and ) was a better fit for females. The size at sexual maturity was 88.9 mm CW in males (CI = 88-90 mm) and 82.2 mm CW in females (CI = 81.7-82.9 mm). The estimated age at sexual maturity was 0.79 and 0.91 years for males and females, respectively. The male/female sex ratio was 1 : 0.43, significantly different (, ) from the theoretical sexual ratio (1 : 1). Mortality rates in males were , and , and in females they were , and . The exploitation rate indicated the resource is below the optimum level of exploitation and the maximum yield per recruit.
Abundance and population structure of the blue crab Callinectes sapidus (Decapoda, Portunidae) in Thermaikos Gulf (Methoni Bay), northern Aegean Sea
Authors: Kevrekidis Kosmas , Antoniadou Chryssanthi 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe blue crabCallinectes sapidusis an alien decapod established in the Mediterranean Sea. Since 2007, increased abundance has been reported from the northern Aegean Sea sustaining local scale fishery. The present work aims to assess the abundance and population structure ofC. sapidusin Thermaikos Gulf using fyke nets. Population abundance, estimated as CPUE, exhibited strong temporal variability with decreased values in the cold season; this pattern was correlated with seawater temperature. Females exhibited also spatial differences with increased abundance close to the Aliakmon estuary. In total, 543 individuals were measured for carapace width. Males prevailed in the population; however, mean size was similar between sexes. Larger individuals were caught from deeper waters and the estuarine areas, whereas mean size decreased temporally. The fyke nets used proved to be size-selective, thus preventing fisheries mortality for juveniles. However, recurrent monitoring is necessary for a sustainable management of blue crab fisheries in the gulf.