bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Return Discussions to Reduce Missing Incidents in Persons Living with Dementia: Findings from a Scoping Review and Individual Interviews
Authors: Letts Elyse , McLennan Lauren K. , Daum Christine , Conway Cathy , Neubauer Noelannah A. , Miguel Cruz Antonio , Liu Lili 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Persons living with dementia are at risk of becoming lost. While return discussions after missing incidents are common with children, these discussions are seldom done with persons living with dementia. Our objective was to describe the use of return discussions with persons living with dementia according to the literature and practice. We conducted a scoping review using 19 databases to locate scholarly and grey literature on return discussions, followed by 20 semi-structured interviews with first responders and service providers in Canada and the United Kingdom (UK). Eleven scholarly and 94 grey sources were included, most from the UK, related to missing children, none included persons with dementia. According to participants, although there was no standardized procedure, there were themes about conditions that facilitate return discussions. This was the first study to examine return discussion practice in dementia, and results can inform development of evidence-based protocols.
A pilot study of the WE BEAT Well-Being Education Programme to build resilience in adolescents with heart disease
Authors: Cousino Melissa K. , Rea Kelly E. , Dusing Catherine R. , Glenn Thomas , Armstrong Blake , Yu Sunkyung , Lowery Ray , Les Andrea S. , Goldberg Caren S. , Hansen Jesse E. , Schumacher Kurt R. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractObjective(s):To examine feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effectiveness of a novel group-based telemedicine psychoeducation programme aimed at supporting psychological well-being among adolescents with Fontan-palliated CHD.Study design:A 5-week telemedicine psychoeducation group-based programme (WE BEAT) was developed for adolescents (N = 20; 13–18 years) with Fontan-palliated CHD aimed at improving resiliency and psychological well-being. Outcome measures included surveys of resilience (Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale), benefit finding (Benefit/Burden Scale for Children), depression, anxiety, peer relationships, and life satisfaction (National Institutes of Health Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System scales). Within-subject changes in these outcomes were compared pre- to post-intervention using Cohen’s d effect size. In addition, acceptability in the form of satisfaction measures and qualitative feedback was assessed.Results:Among eligible patients reached, 68% expressed interest in study participation. Of those consented, 77% have been scheduled for a group programme to date with 87% programme completion. Twenty adolescents (mean age 16.1 ± SD 1.6 years) participated across five WE BEAT group cohorts (range: 3–6 participants per group). The majority (80%) attended 4–5 sessions in the 5-session programme, and the median programme rating was a 9 out of 10 (10 = most favourable rating). Following WE BEAT participation, resiliency (d = 0.44) and perceptions of purpose in life increased (d = 0.26), while depressive symptoms reduced (d = 0.36). No other changes in assessed outcome measures were noted.Conclusions:These findings provide preliminary support that a group-based, telemedicine delivered psychoeducation programme to support psychological well-being among adolescents with CHD is feasible, acceptable, and effective. Future directions include examining intervention effects across diverse centres, populations, and implementation methods.
Rate and setting of neurodevelopmental and psychosocial encounters for children with CHD
Authors: Bohnhoff James C. , Cutler Anya , Price Julia , Ahrens Katherine , Gabrielson Sarah M.B. , Hathaway Warren , Miller Thomas A. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackground:In North America, less than 30% of children with complex CHD receive recommended follow-up for neurodevelopmental and psychosocial care. While rates of follow-up care at surgical centres have been described, little is known about similar services outside of surgical centres.Methods:This cohort study used Maine Health Data Organization’s All Payer Claims Data from 2015 to 2019 to identify developmental and psychosocial-related encounters received by children 0–18 years of age with complex CHD. Encounters were classified as developmental, psychological, and neuropsychological testing, mental health assessment interventions, and health and behaviour assessments and interventions. We analysed the association of demographic and clinical characteristics of children and the receipt of any encounter.Results:Of 799 unique children with complex CHD (57% male, 56% Medicaid, and 64% rural), 185 (23%) had at least one developmental or psychosocial encounter. Only 13 children (1.6%) received such care at a surgical centre. Developmental testing took place at a mix of community clinics/private practices (39%), state-based programmes (31%), and hospital-affiliated clinics (28%) with most encounters billing Medicaid (86%). Health and behavioural assessments occurred exclusively at hospital-affiliated clinics, predominately with Medicaid claims (82%). Encounters for mental health interventions, however, occurred in mostly community clinics/private practices (80%) with the majority of encounters billing commercial insurance (64%).Conclusion:Children with complex CHD in Maine access developmental and psychosocial services in locations beyond surgical centres. To better support the neurodevelopmental outcomes of their patients, CHD centres should build partnerships with these external providers.
Risk Factor for Child Maltreatment at 3 Years of Age in Japanese Multiples and Singletons: A Population-Based Study
Authors: Yokoyama Yoshie , Ogata Yasue , Silventoinen Karri 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWe evaluated the prevalence and risk factors for child maltreatment in multiples aged 3 years and compared them to singletons in Japanese population-based data. Records on child maltreatment and health check-ups at 3 years of age from 17,125 singletons, 488 twins and 18 triplets were collected from a Public Health Center between April 2007 and March 2011. The associations of child maltreatment with potential risk factors were analyzed using the logistic regression model. Out of all children, 76 (4.31 per 1000) children had documented maltreatment including 69 (4.03 per 1000) singletons and seven (14.31 per 1000) twins. All of the cases in twins were physical abuse (100%) and nearly half of the cases (43%) included emotional abuse. Among twins, 86% of the biological mothers were suspected. The alleged perpetrators of twins showed a significantly higher rate of maternal depression compared to those of singletons. After adjusting the results for a number of potential biological and social risk factors, twins or triplets had a higher risk for maltreatment than singletons (OR 3.39, 95% CI [1.17, 9.83]). Healthcare providers should be aware that a multiple birth can place considerable stress on a family leading to child maltreatment and should provide appropriate support and intervention for mothers with multiples.
Polygenic Selection and Environmental Influence on Adult Body Height: Genetic and Living Standard Contributions Across Diverse Populations
Authors: Piffer Davide , Kirkegaard Emil O.W. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWe analyzed whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data from 51 populations and combined WGS and array data from 89 populations. Multiple types of polygenic scores (PGS) were employed, derived from multi-ancestry, between-family genome-wide association study (GWAS; MIX-Height), European-ancestry, between-family GWAS (EUR-Height), and European-ancestry siblings GWAS (SIB-Height). Our findings demonstrate that both genetic and environmental factors significantly influence adult body height between populations. Models that included both genetic and environmental predictors best explained population differences in adult body height, with the MIX-Height PGS and environmental factors (Human Development Index [HDI] + per capita caloric intake) achieving an R2 of .83. Our findings shed light on Deaton’s ‘African paradox’, which noted the relatively tall stature of African populations despite poor nutrition and childhood health. Contrary to Deaton’s hypotheses, we demonstrate that both genetic differences and environmental factors significantly influence body height in countries with high infant mortality rates. This suggests that the observed tall stature in African populations can be attributed, in part, to a high genetic predisposition for body height. Furthermore, tests of divergent selection based on the QST (i.e., standardized measure of the genetic differentiation of a quantitative trait among populations) and FST (neutral marker loci) measures exceeded neutral expectations, reaching statistical significance (p < .01) with the MIX-Height PGS but not with the SIB-Height PGS. This result indicates potential selective pressures on body height-related genetic variants across populations.
Phytoplankton Chlorophyll Trends in the Arctic at the Local, Regional, and Pan‐Arctic Scales (1998–2022)
Authors: Serra‐Pompei Camila , Dutkiewicz Stephanie 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWe analyzed the temporal trends (1998–2022) of surface phytoplankton Chlorophyll (Chl) concentration in the Arctic at the local, regional, and pan‐Arctic scales. We used four empirically derived Chl satellite ocean color products: two global merged products and two MODIS products, one calibrated to the Arctic. At the local level, between 10% and 40% of the area with valid pixels showed statistically significant Chl trends, with of those pixels showing increases, and the other third indicating a decrease. At the regional level, only the Barents and Chukchi Seas had consistent Chl increases across products. At the pan‐Arctic level, most products showed Chl increases in the months of July and September (0.3%–0.9% Chl ), even after removing the effect of new open water pixels. Overall, Chl is changing in the Arctic, although trends vary threefold depending on the product and spatial‐averaging assumptions used.
The Influence of Arctic Oscillation on South China Precipitation in Winter Is Modulated by the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation
Authors: Liu Jinhong , Xue Jiaqing , Gao Yuan , Zhu Hualong 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAs the dominant mode of low‐frequency atmospheric variability in extratropical Northern Hemisphere, the Arctic Oscillation (AO) exerts strong impacts on East Asian climate, with the positive AO leading to increased South China winter precipitation (SCWP). Here, we find that such AO–SCWP relationship is nonstationary and controlled by the remote Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO). Especially, the relationship between positive AO and SCWP is significantly weakened during the warm phase of AMO. Observational analyses and idealized Atlantic pacemaker simulations indicate that warm AMO forcing is accompanied by a teleconnection wave train extending eastward from the North Atlantic to West Pacific and the western North Pacific sea surface temperature warming, which together induce northerly wind anomalies over South China by enhancing the land–ocean pressure gradient. Such climate background state changes associated with the warm AMO prohibit the positive AO induced water vapor transport to South China, thereby weakening the AO–SCWP relationship.
Severe Convectively Induced Turbulence Hitting a Passenger Aircraft and Its Forecast by the ECMWF IFS Model
Authors: Gisinger S. , Bramberger M. , Dörnbrack A. , Bechtold P. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAtmospheric turbulence poses a major risk to aviation. Besides airframe damage, it can cause injuries of passengers and crew when encountered unexpectedly. The Singapore Airlines flight SQ321 was on its way from London to Singapore when severe turbulence was encountered over Myanmar on 21 May 2024. In this study, it is analyzed how well the turbulence was predicted by the turbulent eddy dissipation rate (EDR) forecast index of the ECMWF integrated forecasting system (IFS). It was found that ECMWF IFS was able to predict the convection and associated turbulence 24 hr in advance. The state‐of‐the‐art probabilistic EDR forecasts based on IFS ensemble members predicted probabilities for EDR between 10% and 40% over Myanmar with higher values for shorter lead time (8‐hr forecast). Individual members predicted EDR . Knowledge about the characteristics of convection in the IFS forecasts is required to make proper use of the probabilities determined from the ensemble for such cases.
Splicing junction-based classifier for the detection of abnormal constitutive activation of the KEAP1-NRF2 system
Authors: Mateos Raúl N. , Winardi Wira , Chiba Kenichi , Okada Ai , Suzuki Ayako , Mitsuishi Yoichiro , Shiraishi Yuichi 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe KEAP1-NRF2 system plays a crucial role in responding to oxidative and electrophilic stress. Its dysregulation can cause the overexpression of downstream genes, a known cancer hallmark. Understanding and detecting abnormal KEAP1-NRF2 activity is essential for understanding disease mechanisms and identifying therapeutic targets. This study presents an approach that analyzes splicing patterns by a naive Bayes-based classifier to identify constitutive activation of the KEAP1-NRF2 system, focusing on the higher presence of abnormal splicing junctions as a subproduct of overexpression of downstream genes. Our splicing-based classifier demonstrated robust performance, reliably identifying activation of the KEAP1-NRF2 pathway across extensive datasets, including The Cancer Genome Atlas and the Sequence Read Archive. This shows the classifier’s potential to analyze hundreds of thousands of transcriptomes, highlighting its utility in broad-scale genomic studies and provides a new perspective on utilizing splicing aberrations caused by overexpression as diagnostic markers, offering potential improvements in diagnosis and treatment strategies.
Automatic extraction of fine structural information in angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy by multi-stage clustering algorithm
Authors: Bian Lingzhu , Liu Chen , Zhang Zhen , Huang Yingke , Pan Xinyu , Zhang Yi , Wang Jiaou , Dudin Pavel , Avila Jose , Chen Zhesheng , Dong Yuhui 
Published: December 2024

AbstractUnsupervised clustering method has shown strong capabilities in automatically categorizing the ARPES (ARPES: angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy) spatial mapping dataset. However, there is still room for improvement in distinguishing subtle differences caused by different layers and substrates. Here, we propose a method called Multi-Stage Clustering Algorithm (MSCA). Using the K-means clustering results/metrics for real space in different energy-momentum windows as the input of the second round K-means clustering for momentum space, the energy-momentum windows that exhibit subtle inhomogeneity in real space will be highlighted. It recognizes different types of electronic structures both in real space and momentum space in spatially resolved ARPES dataset. This method can be used to capture the areas of interest, and is especially suitable for samples with complex band dispersions, and can be a practical tool to any high dimensional scientific data analysis.
What patients and caregivers want to know when consenting to the use of digital behavioral markers
Authors: Sonig Anika , Deeney Christine , Hurley Meghan E. , Storch Eric A. , Herrington John , Lázaro-Muñoz Gabriel , Zampella Casey J. , Tunc Birkan , Parish-Morris Julia , Blumenthal-Barby Jenny , Kostick-Quenet Kristin 
Published: December 2024

AbstractArtificial intelligence (AI)-based computational tools for deriving digital behavioral markers are increasingly able to automatically detect clinically relevant patterns in mood and behavior through algorithmic analysis of continuously and passively collected data. The integration of these technologies into clinical care is imminent, most notably in clinical psychology and psychiatry but also other disciplines (e.g., cardiology, neurology, neurosurgery, pain management). Meanwhile, ethical guidelines for implementation are lacking, as are insights into what patients and caregivers want and need to know about these technologies to ensure acceptability and informed consent. In this work, we present qualitative findings from interviews with 40 adolescent patients and their caregivers examining ethical and practical considerations for translating these technologies into clinical care. We observed seven key domains (in order of salience) in stakeholders’ informational needs: (1) clinical utility and value; (2) evidence, explainability, evaluation and contestation; (3) accuracy and trustworthiness; (4) data security, privacy, and misuse; (5) patient consent, control, and autonomy; (6) physician-patient relationship; and (7) patient safety, well-being, and dignity. Drawing from these themes, we provide a checklist of questions, as well as suggestions and key challenges, to help researchers and practitioners respond to what stakeholders want to know when integrating these technologies into clinical care and research. Our findings inform participatory approaches to co-designing treatment roadmaps for using these AI-based tools for enhanced patient engagement, acceptability and informed consent.
Degradable poly(β-amino ester) microparticles for cleansing products and food fortification
Authors: Zhang Linzixuan , Xiao Ruiqing , Jin Tianyi , Pan Xinyan , Fransen Katharina A. , Alsaiari Shahad K. , Lau Alicia , He Ruizhe , Han Jooli , Pedretti Benjamin J. , Yeo Jing Ying , Yang Xin , Olsen Bradley D. , Alexander-Katz Alfredo , Smith Zachary P. , Langer Robert , Jaklenec Ana 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Microplastic pollution is a pressing global crisis caused by the extensive use of nondegradable microplastic materials in daily activities. One effective approach to mitigate this issue is to replace nondegradable plastics with degradable materials that have properties amendable for targeted applications. Here we present the development of a degradable microparticle (MP) platform based on a poly(β-amino ester) (PAE) that degrades into sugar and amino acid derivatives. This PAE MP platform showed functional replacement of nondegradable microplastics used in cleansing products and food fortification. In cleansing products, PAE MPs effectively enhanced the cleansing efficiency of a representative rinse-off product and showed effective removal of potentially toxic elements, as an alternative of traditional nondegradable microbeads. In food fortification, PAE MPs provided robust protection for multiple essential vitamins and minerals against extensive cooking and storage conditions with rapid nutrient release in a simulated human digestion system. Collectively, these PAE MPs present a potential platform to replace microplastic usage on a global scale in many applications.
Collaborative multi-interface engineering and dynamic iron exchange boost robust bifunctional water electrolysis at 2 A cm−2
Authors: Li Dongyang , Zhang Yong , Xie Weiqiang , Zhou Qian , Yu Fang , Qi Ying , Lian Ziyi , Zhang Long , Wang Hui , Tang Dongsheng , Zhou Haiqing 
Published: December 2024

An efficient and stable catalyst is developed by in-situ growing Fe particles onto a MoNi4/MoO2 nanorod surface, which presents superb bifunctional activities for water electrolysis due to collaborative multi-interfaces and dynamic iron exchange.
A new series‐parallel active compensator for DC microgrids based on three‐leg voltage source converter
Authors: Mortezapour Zahra , Mortezapour Fatemeh , Hojabri Hossein 
Published: December 2024

AbstractDC microgrids are gaining increasing attention due to their advantages such as high reliability, high efficiency, ease of renewable energy sources integration, and the absence of frequency and reactive power regulation problems. Connection of AC energy sources and loads to the DC microgrids through AC/DC converters can distort the DC microgrids voltage and current. In addition, the fault occurrence in the DC or upstairs AC microgrids can cause voltage sag and swell. Compensating and reducing these voltage and current distortions requires efficient and cost‐effective solutions. This article proposes two new topologies of DC series‐parallel active compensators for voltage and current compensation in DC microgrids. In the first topology, the back‐to‐back connection of an isolated bidirectional DC/DC converter with a full‐bridge converter is used to compensate voltage and current. In the second one, to eliminate the transformer, simplify the converter structure and reduce its cost, an active compensator based on a three‐leg voltage source converter is proposed which can compensate both the microgrid voltage harmonics, sag and swell, and the load current harmonics. The proposed topologies performances are confirmed through their simulation in the MATLAB/SIMULINK environment. A simple experimental setup is also provided to validate the simulation results.
Renal Function After Combined Treatment for Coronary Disease and Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: Taghiyev Zulfugar T. , Jäger Katharina E. , Fuchs Martin V. , Roth Peter , Dörr Oliver , Böning Andreas 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Objectives A single-center retrospective study was initialized to investigate the occurrence of acute kidney injury (AKI) and its impact on short- and long-term outcomes after aortic valve replacement in patients with aortic stenosis (AS) and complex coronary artery disease (CAD).
Methods Between January 2010 and December 2020, 1,232 patients with severe AS and CAD were treated. Propensity score matching generated 40 patient pairs with intermediate Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) risk scores (3.2 ± 0.3) and EuroSCORE II (4.1 ± 0.3) undergoing percutaneous (transcatheter aortic valve replacement [TAVR] + percutaneous coronary intervention [PCI]) or surgical (surgical aortic valve replacement [SAVR] + coronary artery bypass grafting [CABG]) combined procedures. The renal function-corrected ratio of contrast medium to body weight was calculated to determine the risk of postprocedural contrast medium-associated AKI. Renal retention values were recorded daily until the 7th day after the procedure.
Results The overall incidence of postprocedural AKI was similar between the groups. There was no correlation between the contrast medium volume to serum creatinine to body weight ratio and AKI occurrence. During the first 7 postprocedural days, creatinine clearance values were comparable: 68.97 ± 4.92 mL/min (SAVR + CABG) vs. 64.95 ± 9.78 mL/min (TAVR + PCI), mean difference 4.02, 95% CI (−24.5 to 16.4), p = 0.691. On the 7th day after the procedure, 35% (8/23) of patients with renal impairment had improved renal function. No correlation between impaired renal function and short- or long-term mortality was found in multivariable models.
Conclusion Contrast agents may temporarily impair renal function during a minimally invasive percutaneous approach; however, occurrence of AKI was not related to the amount of contrast medium, and AKI was not associated with short- and long-term mortality.