bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Philippine Chinese: From Aliens to Cultural Minority
Authors: Weightman George H. 
Published: April 2019

Though much smaller than similar communities in Thailand, Indonesia, and Malaysia, the Philippine Chinese are of considerable economic and historic interest. Both the Spanish and American colonial experiences have had considerable influence on the processes of assimilation and of the development of the intra-structure of this dynamic community. The Philippine Chinese have developed an elaborate communal structure with a network of agencies which include familial, religious, commercial and educational institutions. The last th.ree decades have witnessed profound changes in the institutional structure and demographic composition and distribution of the Philippine Chinese. Family and multiple clan groupings have reasserted themselves during a time of great social change and political uncertainty.
Industrialization and Kinship: A Comparative Study of Some Nigerian Ethnic Group
Authors: Ekong Sheilah Clarke 
Published: April 2019

This paper is an analysis of three Nigerian ethnic groups, their kinship structures, and their efforts at industrialization. We argue that in Nigeria, kinship and historical development have necessitated alternative approaches to industrialization, which do not comply with the Western model of urbanization and the transition to - nuclear families. The Yoruba, Igbo, and Ibibio ethnic groups are each reviewed in turn with regards to their kinship patterns, the resources available to them, and their traditional occupations, which are considered the determining factors in their orientation to industry. The Yoruba, who have a tradition of non-industrial urban residence, are the most industrialized, as industries are predominantly urban based. The Igbo, are taken to be less industrial than the Yoruba, as they have refined their indigenous craft skills into smallscale service industrie’s. Finally, the lbibio, are considered the least industrial as they have continued their primary occupation of farming in government run plantations. In assessing Nigeria’s industrialization process, we introduce the concept of “ethnic industrialization” which suggests that the various ethnic groups of Nigeria direct their industrializing activities to certain types of industry in accord with their own social, cultural, and historical development.
Dual-Career Couples and the American Dream: Self-Sufficiency and Achievement
Authors: Hertz Rosanna 
Published: April 2019

The Soviet social system and its transformation during the post-Stalin period have exerted a tremendous impact on the Soviet family and related institutions. Trends in the Soviet Union across the last three decades have affected the Soviet family in different ways--some of these trends, like the decay of socialism and the rise in privatization, havelcd to the strengthening of the family, while other trends, such as the demoralization of Soviet society and rampant individualism unrestrained by social values, have encouraged lifestyles which are incompatible with even the mildest family bonds. Glasnost and the liberalization of Soviet society, plus the transition from a harsh, despotic, Orwellian state militantly hostile to private life to a society where the individual’s rights are at least partially recognized by the state, had led to a radical weakening of all social ties, including those of the family.
Structural Assimilation and Ethnic Fertility in Ghana
Authors: Addai Isaac , Troyato Frank 
Published: April 2019

This study explores the relative importance of socioeconomic and cthnic/cultural factors on possible convergence in reproduction among four and residual Ghanaian ethnic groups. Two views on differences in ethnic fertility have emerged in the literature. The first is the characteristics assimilation thesis which is based on the premise that when socioeconomic and demographic differences between social groups are statistically controlled, their fertility levels should converge. The other view, the cultural/ ethnic effect thesis, attributes group fertility differences to the influence of subgroup culture and experiences. No study in this area of research has explored the relative efficacy of these explanations within the context of Ghana. We study the Twi, the Fante/Other Akan, the Ewe and the Ga-Adangbe ethnic groups and the Northern Groups using data from the Ghana Demographic and Health Survey of 1993. The results derived from the analysis are more congruent with characteristics assimilation thesis because once sociodemographic differences between these groups and a standard population are equalized through statistical controls, the fertility differences virtually disappear. The cultural/ethnic hypothesis, which stresses the influence of group norms, beliefs, values and experiences in group behaviour, including reproduction, is of no importance among the groups under study.
Ideology and Changing Family Arrangements in Singapore
Authors: Yun Hing Ai 
Published: April 2019

This study examines how individuals go about interweaving ideology with daily living to arrive at their own ideas about family practice. In Singapore, families constitute a rich ground for study due to the country’s multicultural composition (77% ethnic Chinese, 14% Malay Muslim and 8% Hindu Indian). Four decades of rapid industrial development have wrought a parallel transformation in the way family life is conducted. The qualitative approach was chosen to better capture how families grapple with changes brought by capitalist industrialization to create their family of choice. The first section introduces the way families are conceived and talked about amongst various sections of the population. Broad transformations in family behavior are then traced through investigation of three-generation families to see how grandmothers, daughters and grand-daughters deal with both traditionally defined modes of conduct and newly emerging norms pioneering family behavior. The way men and women negotiate how they handle work and family demands in contemporary Singapore is then revealed through examination of families established by working couples. By focusing on members struggling with both work and domestic obligations, this section spotlights individuals in the process of creating and re-creating their own unique roles in the family. The family scenarios delineated by respondents challenge the idea that the family is eternal and unchanging. Instead, we are exposed to the family in a state of continual flux and uneven transformation.
A Question of Matrimonial Strategy? A Comparison of Attitudes between Ghanaian and British University Students
Authors: Little Kenneth 
Published: April 2019

This article is concerned basically with the changing status of African women. Its immediate purpose, however, is to elucidate the attitude of educated Ghanaian women toward the idea of being working wives and mothers. Many such women want to be treated by husbands as partners, and there is evidence that this objective is more readily achieved when the wife as well as the husband plays a breadwinning role. To what extent are the women themselves alive to this situation and how do they intend to deal with it realistically? In an attempt to answer these questions, a group of young Ghanaian women was compared with a British sample of broadly similar educational status. Although neither group was randomly selected, it did appear that the Ghanaians were much more disposed than the British to regard University training as an important resource and instrument for economic purposes. A corollary of this was that the Ghanaians not only intended to continue working after marriage but were much more inclined than the British to be working mothers. This was despite the fact that in addition to wanting twice as many children as the British, the Ghanaians also wished to begin their families sooner. These findings are discussed within the wider framework of Ghanaian society, including traditional precedents; for women working to support themselves. It is tentatively concluded that the Ghanaian girls’ apparently career-minded attitude does not necessarily signify rejection of an ‘ordinary’ uxorial role. More likely it betokens a pragmatic reaction to matrimonial difficulties greater and more complex than those confronting the British girls.
Studying and evaluating the impacts of oil and gas facilities on the environment of the northern territories to prevent and reduce adverse anthropogenic impacts
Authors: Gileva Larisa N. , Egorova Natalya V. 
Published: April 2019

The growth of energy consumption entails an increase in the production of hydrocarbons, the number of fields, which are involved in this process, and the territory of license areas. Overall, environmental impact may be increased. Northern territories of our country are more exposed to anthropogenic impact from the oil and gas facilities because of huge oil and gas reserves availability. Therefore, the strategic developments for the greening of production on the basis of the concept of sustainable exploitation of these territories are very important. Suggested concept involves a balanced activity that provides high economic efficiency and environmental safety, aimed at reducing adverse anthropogenic consequences.The assessment of the impact of oil and gas facilities on the environment was carried out in the territory of the West Chatylkinsky field of Krasnoselkupsky district of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug. The results obtained allowed assessing the degree of impact of cluster sites and communication corridors of the objects of the land and property complex of the oil field and developing recommendations to reduce adverse anthropogenic consequences in order to protect the environment and ensure the greening of land use.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ ВЗИМАНИЯ И УПЛАТЫ НДС В РАЗВИВАЮЩИХСЯ СТРАНАХ АМЕРИКАНСКОГО КОНТИНЕНТА
Authors: Абзаева Петимат Батрудиевна , Романов Илья Павлович , Тарасьева Анастасия Ивановна 
Published: April 2019

В статье представлен сравнительный анализ применения налога на добавленную стоимость по отдельным странам Америки. Проведена сравнительная характеристика элементов налога: состав объекта налогообложения, структура налоговой базы, действующие ставки, а также порядок исчисления и уплаты. В мировой практике взимания и уплаты налогов, НДС не искажает производственный процесс и не влияет на выбор компанией своей организационно-правовой формы. Другим свойством налога является принцип нейтральности по отношении к инвестициям, что, в свою очередь, способствует более широкому применению не только в развитых, но и развивающихся странах. Статья выполнена под научным руководством к.э.н., доцента Ахмадеева Р.Г., кафедра бухгалтерского учета и налогообложения РЭУ им. Г.В. Плеханова.
ВОЗМОЖНЫЕ СПОСОБЫ СБЛИЖЕНИЯ БУХГАЛТЕРСКОГО И НАЛОГОВОГО УЧЕТА
Authors: Караваева Ксения Сергеевна 
Published: April 2019

В статье исследованы возможные способы сближения бухгалтерского и налогового учета. Проанализированы различия между двумя учетами и даны предложения по возможному их сближению. Статья выполнена под научным руководством к. э. н., доцента Голубцовой Е.В., кафедра бухгалтерскогоучета и налогообложения РЭУ им. Г.В. Плеханова.
Location Based Service Untuk Pencarian Lokasi Usaha Lokal Menggunakan Ionic Framework
Authors: Kasmawi Kasmawi , Mansur Mansur , Fitri Diah Angraina 
Published: April 2019

Location-Based Service (LBS) merupakan layanan informasi yang dapat diakses menggunakan perangkat mobile, dilengkapi dengan kemampuan untuk mengetahui keberadaan lokasi usaha kecil menengah dan kebutuhan lainya melalui teknologi Global Positioning System (GPS). Bagi pelaku bisnis, Indonesia merupakan target dunia untuk mendapatkan konsumen melalui internet. Hal ini berpengaruh pada pelaku usaha lokal atau usaha mikro kecil dan menengah yang merupakan sumber utama dalam meningkatkan ekonomi masyarakat secara nasional. Pencarian informasi lokasi usaha dan produk di Kota Bengkalis masih dilakukan secara konvensional seperti melalui toko, supermarket atau kerabat. Beberapa pelaku usaha juga sudah menggunakan media online seperti facebook, whatapps, dan media sosial lainnya. Namun, cara tersebut belum memberikan dampak yang optimal pada peningkatan pendapatan usaha. Untuk itu, perlu dirancang aplikasi untuk pencarian lokasi usaha dengan menggunakan teknologi Location-Based Service (LBS) berbasis mobile untuk pelaku usaha menggunakan Ionic Framework. Penelitian ini menghasilkan aplikasi mobile (cross-platform) yang dapat membantu pengguna dalam proses pencarian lokasi usaha dalam bentuk informasi peta, mengetahui jarak tempuh, melihat iklan produk dan dapat melakukan transaksi. Selain itu, teknologi LBS mampu memberikan solusi bagi pelaku usaha untuk memperkenalkan usaha dan produk kepada pengguna.
KAJIAN KUALITAS LINGKUNGAN PERMUKIMAN KAWASAN APO KELURAHAN BHAYANGKARA DISTRIK JAYAPURA UTARA KOTA JAYAPURA
Authors: PEPEKAI AGUS RAHARJO 
Published: April 2019

This study aims to identify physical and social environmental conditions in the APO residential area of Bhayangkara Village and to determine the quality of the APO residential environment in Bhayangkara Village.This research method is descriptive analytical with a quantitative approach using secondary data analysis supported by field surveys. Research locations in the APO region of Bhayangkara Regency, North Jayapura Regency, Jayapura Regency. The sample location consists of two neighborhood association. The unit of analysis in this study consisted of housing units.The results showed that the pattern of settlement in the APO area was concentrated in hilly valleys and hillside with a fairly high building density. The quality of the physical environment of the APO area in Bhayangkara Village has decreased due to the high level of building density indicated by the Building Base Coefficient (CDB) value of 78% and the Environment Friendly Coefficient (EFC) of 6.4%. the social environment is still relatively good, this is indicated by the still interaction between residents living in this region.Keywords: Environmental quality, Settlement, physical environment, Socio-cultural environment.
Uwarunkowania rozwoju agroturystyki w Polsce
Authors: Ciepiela Grażyna Anna 
Published: April 2019

The paper discusses the factors that contribute to or limit the development of agritourism in Poland. Among the key drivers of the development are nature, landscape and cultural values of the Polish countryside, low income, in particular in case of small and medium agricultural farms, housing capacities and free labour resources in the countryside, state tourism development programmes as part of the initiatives aimed at promoting sustainable and multifunctional development of rural areas, local government policy, quality and competitiveness of agritourism product as well as urbanization and level of city dwellers' income. The factors that hinder growth of agritourism include low educational level, lack of qualifications and entrepreneurial mindset of farmers, resistance to change and innovation, lack of cooperation between the agriculture-supporting institutions and farmers, high costs related to the improvement of accommodation standard, poor quality of services and dificulties in obtaining credit. The article touches also upon the importance of agritourism in the development of rural areas. As a form of non-agricultural activity, agritourism entails significant benefits. It constitutes an additional source of income for agricultural farms and ensures a social ladder for the farmers. In addition, it promotes culture and heritage conservation and provides an opportunity for the farmers to gain new experience and qualifications.
Między romansem a orientalizmem. Tysiąc i jedna opowieść o miłości
Authors: Górak-Sosnowska  Katarzyna 
Published: April 2019

The paper describes the phenomenon of romance tourism through the narratives taken from the German Internet portal 1001-Geschichte.de. Romance tourism is a term used to characterize women who during holidays in the countries of global south engage in a personal relationship with a local man. As that relationship is emotional in character it cannot be limited to simple sex tourism. The German portal connects women whose feeling were abused by local man. The stories they share are consistent with narrative structures used for describing romantic love in the Western culture. However, due to the specific context, exotic environment and different cultural background of the lover, those stories are all examples of Saidian orientalism. Those dimensions form the subject of the present paper.
La Universidad Contemporánea: Su Contribución para una Sociedad Próspera y Sostenible
Authors: Márquez Rodríguez Aleida 
Published: April 2019

La universidad contemporánea tiene un papel fundamental en la preparación de los nuevos profesionales desde una perspectiva que se corresponda con las nuevas exigencias que requiere la era del conocimiento, para alcanzar niveles superiores de desempeño. Se significa el estado insuficientemente actualizado en que se encuentran algunas de estas instituciones del tercer mundo, en lo referente a los aspectos estructuro - funcionales y a los modos de pensarse a sí misma, en particular las latinoamericanas y caribeñas, no obstante, se realiza una breve panorámica de lo alcanzado por las universidades cubanas en algunos de estos aspectos.
Se proponen particularidades que deben atender estas instituciones para su actualización, así como para obtener una formación profesional que influya positivamente en las transformaciones necesarias en lo referido al cambio de mentalidad y al logro de la excelencia educativa, para alcanzar una sociedad próspera y sostenible.
A Fast and Exact w-stacking and w-projection Hybrid Algorithm for Wide-field Interferometric Imaging
Authors: Pratley Luke , Johnston-Hollitt Melanie , McEwen Jason D. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The standard wide-field imaging technique, the w-projection, allows correction for wide fields of view for non-coplanar radio interferometric arrays. However, calculating exact corrections for each measurement has not been possible due to the amount of computation required at high resolution and with the large number of visibilities from current interferometers. The required accuracy and computational cost of these corrections is one of the largest unsolved challenges facing next-generation radio interferometers such as the Square Kilometre Array. We show that the same calculation can be performed with a radially symmetric w-projection kernel, where we use one-dimensional adaptive quadrature to calculate the resulting Hankel transform, decreasing the computation required for kernel generation by several orders of magnitude, while preserving the accuracy. We confirm that the radial w-projection kernel is accurate to approximately 1% by imaging the zero-spacing with an added w-term. We demonstrate the potential of our radially symmetric w-projection kernel via sparse image reconstruction, using the software package PURIFY. We develop a distributed w-stacking and w-projection hybrid algorithm. We apply this algorithm to individually correct for non-coplanar effects in 17.5 million visibilities over a 25 by 25 degree FoV Murchison Widefield Array observation for image reconstruction. Such a level of accuracy and scalability is not possible with standard w-projection kernel generation methods. This demonstrates that we can scale to a large number of measurements with large image sizes while still maintaining both speed and accuracy.
Re-evaluation of Zospeum schaufussi von Frauenfeld, 1862 and Z. suarezi Gittenberger, 1980, including the description of two new Iberian species using Computer Tomography (CT) (Eupulmonata, Ellobioidea, Carychiidae)
Authors: Jochum Adrienne , Prieto Carlos E. , Kampschulte Marian , Martels Gunhild , Ruthensteiner Bernhard , Vrabec Marko , Dörge Dorian D. , de Winter Anton J. 
Published: April 2019

The present study aims to clarify the confused taxonomy of Z.schaufussi von Frauenfeld, 1862 and Zospeumsuarezi Gittenberger, 1980. Revision of Iberian Zospeum micro snails is severely hindered by uncertainties regarding the identity of the oldest Iberian Zospeum species, Z.schaufussi von Frauenfeld, 1862. In this paper, we clarify its taxonomic status by designating a lectotype from the original syntype series and by describing its internal and external shell morphology. Using SEM-EDX, we attempt to identify the area of the type locality cave more precisely than “a cave in Spain”. The shell described and illustrated by Gittenberger (1980) as Z.schaufussi appears not to be conspecific with the lectotype shell, and is considered a separate species, Z.gittenbergeri Jochum, Prieto &amp; De Winter, sp. n.
Zospeumsuarezi was described from various caves in NW Spain. Study of the type material reveals that these shells are not homogenous in shell morphology. The holotype shell of Z.suarezi is imaged here for the first time. The paratype shell, illustrated by Gittenberger (1980) from a distant, second cave, is described as Zospeumpraetermissum Jochum, Prieto &amp; De Winter, sp. n. The shell selected here as lectotype of Z.schaufussi, was also considered a paratype of Z.suarezi by Gittenberger (1980). Since this specimen is morphologically very similar to topotypic shells of Z.suarezi, the latter species is considered a junior synonym of Z.schaufussi (syn. n.). The internal shell morphology of all these taxa is described and illustrated using X-ray Micro Computer Tomography (Micro-CT).
Quantifying the UK's carbon dioxide flux: an atmospheric inverse modelling approach using a regional measurement network
Authors: White Emily D. , Rigby Matthew , Lunt Mark F. , Smallman T. Luke , Comyn-Platt Edward , Manning Alistair J. , Ganesan Anita L. , O'Doherty Simon , Stavert Ann R. , Stanley Kieran , Williams Mathew , Levy Peter , Ramonet Michel , Forster Grant L. , Manning Andrew C. , Palmer Paul I. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract. We present a method to derive atmospheric-observation-based estimates of carbon dioxide (CO2) fluxes
at the national scale, demonstrated using data from a network of surface
tall-tower sites across the UK and Ireland over the period 2013–2014. The
inversion is carried out using simulations from a Lagrangian chemical
transport model and an innovative hierarchical Bayesian Markov chain Monte
Carlo (MCMC) framework, which addresses some of the traditional problems
faced by inverse modelling studies, such as subjectivity in the
specification of model and prior uncertainties. Biospheric fluxes related to
gross primary productivity and terrestrial ecosystem respiration are solved
separately in the inversion and then combined a posteriori to determine net
ecosystem exchange of CO2. Two different models, Data
Assimilation Linked Ecosystem Carbon (DALEC) and Joint UK Land Environment Simulator (JULES),
provide prior estimates for these fluxes. We carry out separate inversions
to assess the impact of these different priors on the posterior flux
estimates and evaluate the differences between the prior and posterior
estimates in terms of missing model components. The Numerical Atmospheric
dispersion Modelling Environment (NAME) is used to relate fluxes to the
measurements taken across the regional network. Posterior CO2 estimates
from the two inversions agree within estimated uncertainties, despite large
differences in the prior fluxes from the different models. With our method,
averaging results from 2013 and 2014, we find a total annual net biospheric
flux for the UK of 8±79 Tg CO2 yr−1 (DALEC prior) and
64±85 Tg CO2 yr−1 (JULES prior), where negative values represent an
uptake of CO2. These biospheric CO2 estimates show that annual UK
biospheric sources and sinks are roughly in balance. These annual mean
estimates consistently indicate a greater net release of CO2 than the
prior estimates, which show much more pronounced uptake in summer months.