bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changes in C:N:P stoichiometry modify N and P conservation strategies of a desert steppe species Glycyrrhiza uralensis
Authors: Huang Juying , Wang Pan , Niu Yubin , Yu Hailong , Ma Fei , Xiao Guoju , Xu Xing 
Published: August 2018

AbstractNumerous studies have concluded that carbon (C):nitrogen (N):phosphorus (P) stoichiometry in both soils and plants tends to be decoupled under global change. We consequently hypothesized that plants will adjust nutrient conservation strategies to balance the altered elemental stoichiometry accordingly. To test our hypothesis, we conducted two pot-cultured experiments (with 8-level water and 6-level N addition treatments) using N-fixing species Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch from a desert steppe in northwestern China. We observed that high water availability lowered total N content and the N:P ratio in soils, further promoting both N and P resorption from senescing leaves of G. uralensis. High N addition enhanced soil N availability and the N:P ratio, thereby reducing N resorption, but increasing P resorption of G. uralensis. Comparatively, there were also great changes in senescing leaf C:N:P stoichiometry while no clear changes were observed in either green leaf or root C:N:P stoichiometry of G. uralensis. As expected, the altered C:N:P stoichiometry may, in turn, modify N and P conservation strategies through their close linkages with N and P uptake in green leaves of G. uralensis. This modification may also further exert effects on N and P cycling of the desert steppe.
Assessment of the Probability of Post-thrombotic Syndrome in Patients with Lower Extremity Deep Venous Thrombosis
Authors: Huang Hao , Gu Jian-Ping , Shi Hao-Fan , Shi Wan-Yin , Lu Jing-Yuan , Chen Liang , Su Hao-Bo 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThis study was performed to assess the probability of post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) after treatment of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis (LEDVT). Patients with LEDVT undergoing their first treatments in Nanjing First Hospital from January 2013 to December 2014 were enrolled in this study (156 patients were enrolled in the training cohort, and 135 patients were enrolled in the validation cohort). 51 and 45 patients developed PTS in the two cohorts, respectively. Independent risk factors for PTS were investigated in the training cohort, and these independent risk factors were employed to develop the APTSD scoring system with which to predict the probability of PTS. Four independent risk factors for PTS were identified: iliac vein compression syndrome, residual iliac-femoral vein thrombosis, residual femoral-popliteal vein thrombosis and insufficient anticoagulation. Patients in the training cohort were divided into 2 groups according to the APTSD score of ≤7.0 and >7.0 points regarding the probability of PTS (median PTS-free time, 21.82 vs. 18.84 months; P < 0.001). The accuracy of this score system was 81.7% for the training cohort and 82.5% for the validation cohort. Patients with an APTSD score of >7.0 points may have an increased probability of developing PTS.
Engineering an AB5 Protein Carrier
Authors: Lichtenstein Bruce R. , Höcker Birte 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe promise of biologic therapeutics is hindered by the challenge to deliver their activity to biochemically relevant sites within diseased cells. The favourable application of the natural protein carriers of the AB5 toxin family to this challenge has been restricted owing to still unresolved requirements for assembling non-native cargo into carrier complexes. Here, we clarify the properties of fusion peptides which allow co-assembly of a selected fluorescent protein cargo with the non-toxic B subunit of a heat-labile enterotoxin. We establish the influence of sequence length, sequence identity and secondary structure of these linking domains on the assembly and disassembly of the complexes. Through our engineering framework we identify several non-native, reduced length fusion sequences that robustly assemble with the native carriers, maintain their ability to deliver protein cargo to cells, and demonstrate substantially refined in vitro properties. Constructs based upon these sequences should prove directly applicable to a variety of protein delivery challenges, and the described design framework should find immediate application to other members of the AB5 protein carrier family.
Combinations of soil properties, carbon inputs and climate control the saturation deficit dynamics of stable soil carbon over 17-year fertilizaiton
Authors: Di Jiaying , Xu Minggang , Zhang Wenju , Tong Xiaogang , He Xinhua , Gao Hongjun , Liu Hua , Wang Boren 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe soil organic carbon (SOC) saturation deficit (Csd) of silt and clay fractions represents the potential for SOC sequestration in a stable form and can influence organic C stabilization efficiency. Little is known, however, about temporal changes of stable soil Csd and how it is affected by soil properties, climate and C inputs. We investigated the temporal changes in the Csd of fine fractions (<53 μm) and examined the factors controlling these changes at three dry-land sites with 17-year fertilizer management histories in China. The rates of change in the stable soil Csd under manure treatments varied from −0.72 to −1.24% yr−1 after 17 years of fertilization, indicating that stable C levels under manure treatments were significantly higher than those under other treatments. Stable soil Csd was controlled by a combination of soil properties, temperature, and C inputs at all sites, and the higher variance of Csd of fine fractions can be explained by the soil properties (up to 50%). Furthermore, the quantity of C inputs was the most influential variable for stable soil Csd. These results revealed key controls on stable C sequestration potential and indicated the need to develop management strategies to promote stable C sequestration under long-term intensive fertilization.
Thermal Stability of Hole-Selective Tungsten Oxide: In Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy Study
Authors: Ali Haider , Koul Supriya , Gregory Geoffrey , Bullock James , Javey Ali , Kushima Akihiro , Davis Kristopher O. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractIn this study, the thermal stability of a contact structure featuring hole-selective tungsten oxide (WOx) and aluminum deposited onto p-type crystalline silicon (c-Si/WOx/Al) was investigated using a combination of transmission line measurements (TLM) and in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) studies. The TEM images provide insight into why the charge carrier transport and recombination characteristics change as a function of temperature, particularly as the samples are annealed at temperatures above 500 °C. In the as-deposited state, a ≈ 2 nm silicon oxide (SiOx) interlayer forms at the c-Si/WOx interface and a ≈ 2–3 nm aluminum oxide (AlOx) interlayer at the WOx/Al interface. When annealing above 500 °C, Al diffusion begins, and above 600 °C complete intermixing of the SiOx, WOx, AlOx and Al layers occurs. This results in a large drop in the contact resistivity, but is the likely reason surface recombination increases at these high temperatures, since a c-Si/Al contact is basically being formed. This work provides some fundamental insight that can help in the development of WOx films as hole-selective rear contacts for p-type solar cells. Furthermore, this study demonstrates that in situ TEM can provide valuable information about thermal stability of transition metal oxides functioning as carrier-selective contacts in silicon solar cells.
Stably maintained microtubules protect dopamine neurons and alleviate depression-like behavior after intracerebral hemorrhage
Authors: Yang Yang , Zhang Kaiyuan , Zhong Jun , Wang Ju , Yu Zhongyuan , Lei Xuejiao , Chen Xuezhu , Quan Yulian , Xian Jishu , Chen Yujie , Liu Xin , Feng Hua , Tan Liang 
Published: August 2018

AbstractMesolimbic dopamine (DA) system lesion plays a key role in the pathophysiology of depression, and our previous study demonstrated that reduced microtubule (MT) stability aggravated nigrostriatal pathway impairment after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). This study aimed to further investigate the occurrence regularity of depression-like behavior after ICH and determine whether maintaining MT stabilization could protect DA neurons in ventral tegmental area (VTA) and alleviate depression-like behavior after ICH. An intrastriatal injection of 20 μl of autologous blood or MT depolymerization reagent nocodazole (Noco) was used to mimic the pathology of ICH model in mice. The concentration of DA, number of DA neurons and acetylated α-tubulin (a marker for stable MT) in VTA were checked, and depression-related behavior tests were performed after ICH. A MT-stabilizing agent, epothilone B (EpoB), was administered to explore the effects of MT stabilization on DA neurons and depression-like behavior after ICH. The results showed that obvious depression-like behavior occurred at 7, 14, and 28 days (P < 0.01) after ICH. These time-points were related to significant decreases in the concentration of DA (P < 0.01) and number of DA neurons (P < 0.01) in VTA. Moreover, The decrease of acetylated α-tubulin expression after ICH and Noco injection contributed to DA neurons’ impairment in VTA, and Noco injecton also aggravate ICH-induced depression-like behaviors and DA neurons’ injury. Furthermore, EpoB treatment significantly ameliorated ICH and Noco-induced depression-like behaviors (P < 0.05) and increased the concentration of DA (P < 0.05) and number of DA neurons (P < 0.05) in VTA by increasing the level of acetylated α-tubulin. The results indicate that EpoB can protect DA neurons by enhancing MT stability, and alleviate post-ICH depressive behaviors. This MT-targeted therapeutic strategy shows promise as a bench-to-bedside translational method for treating depression after ICH.
Live Intracellular Biorthogonal Imaging by Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy using Alkyne-Silver Nanoparticles Clusters
Authors: Ardini Matteo , Huang Jian-An , Sánchez Carlos S. , Mousavi Mansoureh Z. , Caprettini Valeria , Maccaferri Nicolò , Melle Giovanni , Bruno Giulia , Pasquale Lea , Garoli Denis , De Angelis Francesco 
Published: August 2018

AbstractLive intracellular imaging is a valuable tool in modern diagnostics and pharmacology. Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) stands out as a non-destructive and multiplexed technique, but intracellular SERS imaging still suffers from interfering background from endogenous components. Here we show the assembly of small colloidal SERS probes with Raman signal in the cell-silent window of 1800–2900 cm−1for biorthogonal intracellular SERS imaging of dopamine that was undistinguishable from the endogenous cell background. By linking colloidal silver nanoparticles with alkyne-dopamine adducts, clusters are formed by 2–6 nanoparticles spaced by tight interparticle gaps that exhibited high electric field enhancement and strong SERS signals of alkyne and dopamines. Due to the cell-silent signals of the alkyne, intracellularin-vitroRaman imaging shows that the dopamines on the internalized clusters remain distinguishable across the cytoplasm with good spatial resolution. Our method can be a general-purpose method for real-time imaging of biomolecules, such as proteins, peptides, DNA and drugs.
Marchantia liverworts as a proxy to plants’ basal microbiomes
Authors: Alcaraz Luis D. , Peimbert Mariana , Barajas Hugo R. , Dorantes-Acosta Ana E. , Bowman John L. , Arteaga-Vázquez Mario A. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractMicrobiomes influence plant establishment, development, nutrient acquisition, pathogen defense, and health. Plant microbiomes are shaped by interactions between the microbes and a selection process of host plants that distinguishes between pathogens, commensals, symbionts and transient bacteria. In this work, we explore the microbiomes through massive sequencing of the 16S rRNA genes of microbiomes twoMarchantiaspecies of liverworts. We compared microbiomes fromM.polymorphaandM.paleaceaplants collected in the wild relative to their soils substrates and from plants grownin vitrothat were established from gemmae obtained from the same populations of wild plants. Our experimental setup allowed identification of microbes found in both native andin vitro Marchantiaspecies. The main OTUs (97% identity) inMarchantiamicrobiomes were assigned to the following genera:Methylobacterium,Rhizobium,Paenibacillus,Lysobacter,Pirellula,Steroidobacter, andBryobacter. The assigned genera correspond to bacteria capable of plant-growth promotion, complex exudate degradation, nitrogen fixation, methylotrophs, and disease-suppressive bacteria, all hosted in the relatively simple anatomy of the plant. Based on their long evolutionary historyMarchantiais a promising model to study not only long-term relationships between plants and their microbes but also the transgenerational contribution of microbiomes to plant development and their response to environmental changes.
Notched UWB filter using exponential tapered impedance line stub loaded microstrip resonator
Authors: Sangam Ramanand Sagar , Kshetrimayum Rakhesh Singh 
Published: August 2018

In this study, two ultra‐wideband (UWB) filters having the fractional bandwidth >120% are designed, analysed and fabricated. The first filter is designed with three quarter‐wavelength short‐circuited stubs and second by using exponential tapered impedance line stub loaded microstrip resonator. The first filter consists of five transmission poles within the passband. The second filter with tapered inductive loading on quarter‐wavelength high impedance line exhibits a sharp notch stopband around 5.5 GHz, to suppress the interference from IEEE 302.11a WLAN band signals with an attenuation level >30 dB. A good agreement between the measured and predicted results is achieved, which validate the authors’ filter designs.
Prozessoptimierung in der Endoskopie durch Implementierung der „Checkliste Patientensicherheit Endoskopie“
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Authors: Bichel Silke 
Published: August 2018

ZusammenfassungWiederkehrende sicherheitsrelevante Prozessablaufstörungen in der Patientenversorgung begründeten eine Projektarbeit zum Thema Prozessoptimierung in der Endoskopie durch Implementierung der „Checkliste Patientensicherheit Endoskopie“.Die Erfahrungen aus der WHO-Initiative „Save surgery saves Lives“ zeigen, dass der Einsatz von Sicherheitschecklisten im Rahmen invasiver Eingriffe sowohl im operativen chirurgischen Bereich wie auch in der interventionellen Endoskopie die Patientensicherheit entscheidend verbessern kann.Eine Sicherheitscheckliste lenkt die verschärfte Konzentration auf sicherheitsrelevante Aspekte in der Patientenversorgung und sichert die transparente Dokumentation strukturierter Prozessabläufe. Ein verbesserter Informationsfluss durch optimierte Kommunikationsstrukturen, stärkt die Eigenverantwortung der Mitarbeiter insbesondere in störungsanfälligen Situationen wie bei hoher Arbeitsdichte.
Atrial Fibrillation and Malignancy: The Clinical Performance of Non–Vitamin K Oral Anticoagulants—A Systematic Review
Authors: Bottino Roberta , Rago Anna , Micco Pierpaolo , D' Onofrio Antonio , Liccardo Biagio , Golino Paolo , Nigro Gerardo , Russo Vincenzo 
Published: August 2018

AbstractAtrial fibrillation (AF) is commonly diagnosed in the setting of active cancer. Because of an increased risk of either thromboembolic events or bleeding, the decision to initiate therapeutic anticoagulation in patients with active cancer can be challenging. Moreover, little is still known about the optimal anticoagulation therapy in the setting of AF and cancer, and no guidelines are as yet available. Considering that nonvitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) are recommended as alternatives to vitamin K antagonists for stroke prevention in AF patients with CHA2DS2-VASc score ≥2, the authors performed a systematic review of the current literature to describe the efficacy and safety of NOACs in AF patients with malignancy.
Trucut Biopsy of a Solitary Focal Metastatic Superior Vena Cava Thrombus via Percutaneous Transjugular Approach Using Real-Time Fluoroscopic Needle Visualization in Two Planes
Authors: Narkhede Amey , Yadav Ajit , Gangwani Gaurav , Sabir Ali , Gupta Arun 
Published: August 2018

AbstractPresentation of metastasis as a solitary focal lesion at an intravascular location is encountered quite infrequently. Owing to its intravascular location, accessing the lesion for sampling and obtaining an adequate amount of tissue are technically difficult. Among the various methods of obtaining an adequate sample from intravascular lesions, scoop and trucut biopsies appear to be safer and more advantageous. The authors present a case of a 65-year-old woman with symptoms of superior vena cava syndrome secondary to a solitary focal fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)–avid thrombus within the superior vena cava lumen 14 years after complete remission of breast carcinoma. This lesion was approached via transjugular venous access and biopsied under fluoroscopic guidance with continuous contrast injection and real-time needle visualization in two planes.
Consensus statement on placebo effects in sports and exercise: The need for conceptual clarity, methodological rigour, and the elucidation of neurobiological mechanisms
Authors: Beedie Christopher , Benedetti Fabrizio , Barbiani Diletta , Camerone Eleanora , Cohen Emma , Coleman Damian , Davis Arran , Elsworth‐Edelsten Charlotte , Flowers Elliott , Foad Abby , Harvey Simon , Hettinga Florentina , Hurst Philip , Lane Andrew , Lindheimer Jacob , Raglin John , Roelands Bart , Schiphof‐Godart Lieke , Szabo Attila 
Published: August 2018

AbstractIn June 2017 a group of experts in anthropology, biology, kinesiology, neuroscience, physiology, and psychology convened in Canterbury, UK, to address questions relating to the placebo effect in sport and exercise. The event was supported exclusively by Quality Related (QR) funding from the Higher Education Funding Council for England (HEFCE). The funder did not influence the content or conclusions of the group. No competing interests were declared by any delegate. During the meeting and in follow‐up correspondence, all delegates agreed the need to communicate the outcomes of the meeting via a brief consensus statement. The two specific aims of this statement are to encourage researchers in sport and exercise science to1. Where possible, adopt research methods that more effectively elucidate the role of the brain in mediating the effects of treatments and interventions.2. Where possible, adopt methods that factor for and/or quantify placebo effects that could explain a percentage of inter‐individual variability in response to treatments and intervention.
Professional Embodiment: Walking, Re-engagement of Desk Interactions, and Provision of Instruction during Classroom Rounds
Authors: Jakonen Teppo 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Unlike continuous whole-class (plenary) interaction, independent task work involves incipient teacher–student talk, as the teacher typically ‘makes rounds’ to engage in brief desk interactions with students. This article draws on multimodal conversation analysis to investigate how teacher movement during tasks offers resources for re-engaging in desk interactions and offering task-related guidance. The focus is on teachers’ walking trajectories and ways of positioning the body, and students’ orientation to them, in (i) (pre-)opening moments of a desk interaction, and (ii) during a subsequent instructional turn that guides students with the ongoing task. The analysis shows how the pedagogical actions of checking and assessing student progress as well as making oneself available to students become observable in ways of walking, and how students display bodily whether they need teacher help. Movement also offers resources for shifting from individualized to collective instruction during rounds. These findings suggest that ways of navigating the body in the classroom space can index pedagogical concerns, which the students can use to make sense of the teachers’ ongoing and projected engagements.
Kawase Approach for Dolichoectactic Basilar Artery Macrovascular Decompression in a Patient With Trigeminal Neuralgia: Case Report
Authors: Yoon Seungwon , Mascitelli Justin R , Mooney Michael A , Gandhi Sirin , Chen Tsinsue , Cole Tyler S , Lawton Michael T 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE
Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) secondary to a dolichoectatic basilar artery (DBA) is an extremely rare phenomenon. The Kawase approach for macrovascular decompression of this rare pathology been used rarely.

CLINICAL PRESENTATION
This report describes macrovascular decompression and basilar artery transposition in a 69-yr-old male presenting with progressively worsening left-sided typical TN secondary to a DBA compression. The DBA was successfully decompressed off of the trigeminal nerve via a pterional craniotomy and anterior petrosectomy. The patient had immediate improvement in TN symptoms postoperatively. The patient remained symptom free with nonbothersome facial numbness in the V3 segment at 8-mo postoperative follow-up in clinic. The patient suffered a sixth nerve palsy following surgery, which was later corrected by strabismus surgery. The natural history and epidemiology of TN, results of macrovascular decompression secondary to DBA compression via a traditional suboccipital retrosigmoid approach, and potential advantages of the Kawase approach are also discussed.

CONCLUSION
The macrovascular decompression strategy succeeded because the compressive force was applied by the DBA to the nerve in a superolateral direction, and the decompressive sling pulled the DBA away from the nerve in an inferomedial direction. The working space and access to the clival dura through the Kawase approach allowed proper corrective pull with a sling.
Abdominal Fat Graft for Sellar Reconstruction: Retrospective Outcomes Review and Technical Note
Authors: Roca Elena , Penn David L , Safain Mina G , Burke William T , Castlen Joseph P , Laws Edward R 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

BACKGROUND
The transsphenoidal approach is the standard of care for the treatment of pituitary adenomas and is increasingly employed for many anterior skull base tumors. Persistent postoperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks can result in significant complications.

OBJECTIVE
To analyze our series of patients undergoing abdominal fat graft repair of the sellar floor defect following transsphenoidal surgery, describe and investigate our current, routine technique, and review contemporary and past methods of skull base repair.

METHODS
A recent consecutive series (2008-2017) of 865 patients who underwent 948 endonasal procedures for lesions of the sella and anterior skull base was retrospectively reviewed. Three hundred eighty patients underwent reconstruction of the sellar defect with an abdominal fat graft.

RESULTS
The diagnoses of the 380 patients receiving fat grafts were the following: 275 pituitary adenomas (72.4%), 50 Rathke cleft cysts (13.2%), 12 craniopharyngiomas (3.2%), and a variety of other sellar lesions. Fourteen patients had persistent postoperative CSF leak requiring reoperation and included: 5 pituitary adenomas (1.3%), 4 craniopharyngiomas (1.1%), 2 arachnoid cysts (0.53%), 2 prior CSF leaks (0.53%), and 1 Rathke cleft cyst (0.26%). Four patients (1.1%) developed minor abdominal donor site complications requiring reoperation: 1 hematoma, 2 wound complications, and 1 keloid formation resulting in secondary periumbilical infection.

CONCLUSION
Minimizing postoperative CSF leaks following endonasal anterior skull base surgery is important to decrease morbidity and to avoid a prolonged hospital stay. We present an evolved technique of abdominal fat grafting that is effective and safe and includes minimal morbidity and expense.