bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Second Skin of the Heritage Cities, Old Mosul Second Skin
Authors: Alchalabi Dr. Oday 
Published: April 2019

The images of the heritage cities are the key of the conservation process that deals with the visible and invisible factors. The psychological effects of the image on the recipients’ cognitive process can create an aesthetic value of the city. There are two types of skins , which are visible and invisible. The invisible skin is; the skin generated between the recipient’s body and the skin of the place. The matching between these skins can create the second skin, which positively or negatively affects the image of the heritage cities. The study is to identify the second skin of the old Mosul city as in-depth documentation of the heritage elements that can create the matching of the two skins. The research question of the study is “What are the elements of the psychical second skin in the heritage city of Mosul”. Therefore, the study used a mixed methodology (Qualitative and Quantitative) to reach the aim of the study. Survey technique used to find the answer from the users of the place, also interview with architectural and heritage experts. The primary results show that the second skin of the city depends on the intangible element more than tangible. Therefore, urban elements have a giant impact on the image of the place. The conservation processes should focus on the elements that can sustain the skin of the city as a heritage image and inherited a tangible and intangible culture.
The Role of inhabitant requirement in reforming the housing interface Sulaimani city as a case study
Authors: Saleh Kani 
Published: April 2019

Architecture is civilized edifice , it have actions and reactions , already it places with historical distance . And housing as one of the architectural phenomena has been affected since ancient times and still changes in all levels of dimensions of life in terms of social and economic changes, intellectual and political , These changes affected the dwelling and the process of producing the external form. One of the most important variables that we observe in our daily lives is the change in the shape of the housing elevations , Requirements and needs of the resident . so the research aims to finding the design indicators to forming the housing elevations which compatible with alteration of resident requirement from the connection with housing characteristics which consider as one of the aims of house designing , it describe as the main scale for selecting house Performance efficiency . Through this research we can highlight the essence of resident requirements and Study the concept of architecture form of house elevation , Identify design characteristics and its components , The study examined the human requirements within the residential environment and its classification, studying the functional requirements and needs of the housing elevations, obtaining data and analyzing them, and then finding the indicators for changing the elevations according to the changing requirements by studying the correlation between the physical value of the dwelling, The theoretical foundations of applying these variables to a group of samples selected by the study community using the graphical analysis form, obtaining the data and tabulating them in special tables and reaching conclusions for the final recommendations.
“Step-by-Step” technology as minimally invasive ambulatory method of treating chronic hemorrhoid
Authors: Krochek Igor V. , Sergiyko Sergey V. , Anchugova Anastasiya E. 
Published: April 2019

Aim. To carry out the comparative analysis of the results of ambulatory treatment of patients with chronic hemorrhoid using “Step-by-Step” technology and surgeries in hospital conditions.
Materials and methods. The results of treatment were analyzed in 4 representative groups: 31 patients of the main group underwent a staged “Step-by-Step” hemorrhoidectomy in ambulatory conditions, 29 patients of the first group of comparison – Longo operation, 32 patients of the second group of comparison – laser hemorrhoidectomy, 29 patients of the third group of comparison – Milligan-Morgan operation.
Results. In the main group, the rate of complications was noted in 1.4 %, after Longo operation – 9.8 %, after laser hemorrhoidectomy – 6.6 %, after Milligan-Morgan – 11.2 %. Relapse of disease was registered in 0.6 % of patients of the main group, 6.1 % – first group of comparison, 3.8 % – second group and 3.5 % – third groups.
Conclusions. The best treatment results were obtained in patients after using the technology “Step-by-Step” at the expense of a minimum rate of complications and less number of relapses that permits to recommend this technique for a wide clinical application.
PREDICTING THE INFLUENCE OF INTEGRATED MARKETING COMMUNICATION ON INTENTION TO BUY ORGANIC PRODUCT: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY
Authors: Ruswanti Endang , Gantino Rila , Sihombing Sabrina O 
Published: April 2019

Purpose of Study: The aim of this research is to predict the effect of Integrated Marketing Communication (IMC) tools (advertising, direct marketing, sales promotion, and personal selling) on consumers’ intention to purchase organic products in the specific supermarket in Indonesia.
Methodology: The primary data was collected by using questionnaires that were given to consumers in a supermarket. Sample size involved 128 consumers. The data was assessed through reliability and validity analysis before hypothesis testing analysis.
Result: The results showed only direct marketing have positive significant on intention to buy the organic product.
Implications/Applications: Integrated Marketing Communication provides an information to the purchasing policy of organic product
ANALYSIST OF CYBER ESPIONAGE IN INTERNATIONAL LAW AND INDONESIAN LAW
Authors: Wicaksana Prakasa Satria Unggul , Nur P.E. Noviandi 
Published: April 2019

Purpose of Study: A conception of cyber espionage today is extremely vulnerable since the crime has evolved from conventional wiretapping into cyber-based spy activities. This issue becomes complicated when faced with the principle of sovereignty and how the challenge of countries around the world to respond in maintaining the honor, security, and peace of their own countries. The legal issues raised in this legal research are: (1) cyber espionage is one kind of cybercrime (2) Legal mechanisms to crack down on the international legal system and national law again Cyber espionage crime.
Methodology: Research methods used statute approach and conceptual approach.
Results: The result of this research showed that it could use computing devices and internet network by means of spies, destroying computer system in order to securely obtain state confidential data or by spreading internet virus which is sporadic to government-owned domains and corporation it is clear that cyber espionage id either part of the cybercrime.
Implications/Applications: The lack of legal regulation, both international and national which directly refers to cyber espionage because they alluded to illegal access and illegal interception related only.
THE IMPACT OF WOMEN EMPOWERMENT IN WOMEN ROLE INCREASED PROGRAM TOWARDS HEALTHY AND PROSPEROUS FAMILY (P2WKSS) GARUT REGENCY
Authors: Karlina Nina 
Published: April 2019

Purpose of Study: Sindang Sari Village is a village located at the foot of Cikuray Mountain, Cigedug Sub-District. This village is the leading village of Garut Regency in the program of increasing the role of women. There are three rural groups assessed in this women’s role-building program. Villages located in mountainous, urban and coastal areas. Sindangsari Village is a village located in a mountainous area, P2WKSS Program is a program implemented in an effort to create, improve the progress and welfare of family and social environment that involves the whole society be it men moreover women. One of the objectives of the program is to improve the health status of women, improve the status of women’s education, improve women’s knowledge and skills in productive economic endeavors. The purpose of this study is to find out whether the impact of women’s empowerment can change their attitude and women behavior. In this research, the writer uses a qualitative method with a case study approach. The author uses Mardikanto’s theory of Community Empowerment Steps, namely: area selection, socialization of community development, community empowerment process, and community self- reliance process.
Methodology: In data collection, the author uses observation techniques, in-depth interviews, focus group discussions (FGD), interpretation approach, and literature study. In the data validity test, the writer used the triangulation technique with a check, re-check, and crosscheck for data obtained from the writer’s theory, methodology, and perception.
Results: The results showed that the empowerment of women in Sindang Sari Village is more optimized in a productive economy. Increased health status let alone education has not run optimally. Indicators of program success are more dominant in terms of increasing income, not yet measuring more optimally on the quality of attitudes and behavior of women as individuals and as mothers.
Implications/Applications: There is even a change of attitude and behavior because there is a change of role in the family.
Synthesis, Molecular Structure, Hirshfeld Surface Analysis, Spectroscopic and Computational Studies (DFT) of 6,6'-((1E,1'E)- (1,2-phenylenebis(azanylylidene))bis(methanylylidene))bis(2- (tert-butyl)-4-methylphenol)
Authors: ŞEN Pınar , KANSIZ Sevgi , DEGE Necmi 
Published: April 2019

Schiff bases have been used in biological processes and as chelating agents for several
decades. This work presents the synthesis and
characterization of compound,
N,N’-Bis(3-tert-Butyl-5-methylsalicylidene)-1,2-diaminophenylene as the Schiff base derivative with the reaction of an aromatic aldehyde derivative and o-phenylenediamine. The spectroscopic properties of the compound were
examined by FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, MS and elemental analyses. The molecular structure of the compound was also confirmed
using X-ray single-crystal data. And also theoretical calculations were obtained
by using Density Functional Theory (DFT) methods. The structural parameters
were
calculated by using DFT/B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) basis set in ground state. Molecular
Electrostatic Potential (MEP) map and the frontier molecular orbitals (HOMO-LUMO) of the compound were created by using the optimized structures. The
results of theoretical study using the DFT method at the B3LYP/6–31G(d,p) level
are in good agreement with the experimental data. Hirshfeld surface analyses and
two dimensional fingerprint plots were used to analyse the intermolecular
interactions present in the crystal, indicating that the most important
contributions for the crystal packing are from H∙∙∙H
(71.2%), H∙∙∙C/C∙∙∙H (18.7%), C∙∙∙C (4.8%) and H∙∙∙N/N∙∙∙H
(2.7%) interactions.
Efektifitas Komunikasi Berkualitas untuk Meningkatkan Kehangatan dalam Pengasuhan Pada Orangtua Sibuk Bekerja Di KB-TK IT Al-Hikmah
Authors: Rofingah Nangimatur , Mahpur Mohammad 
Published: April 2019

<p>Orangtua sibuk bekerja bukanlah penyebab dari keterlambatan dalam tumbuh kembang anak, akan tetapi kesibukan orangtua dalam bekerja menjadikan kurang terbentuknya kehangatan dalam pengasuhan yang menyebabkan tumbuh kembang anak tidak optimal. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat kehangatan dalam pengasuhan adalah komunikasi yang terjalin antara anak dengan orang tua yang terbatas. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari waktu kebersamaan orang tua yang sibuk bekerja dengan anak sangat minim. Untuk itulah perlu adanya komunikasi yang berkualitas secara waktu agar kehangatan dalam pengasuhan dapat diterima oleh anak. Minimnya waktu yang dimiliki oleh orangtua sibuk bekerja yang diberikan pada anak menjadi sebuah problematika penting yang harus segera diselesaikan. Melalui metode <em>action research</em> dengan pengolahan data secara deskripif disertai dengan kuantitatif sebagai pelengkap, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keefektifan komunikasi berkualitas dalam meningkatkan kehangatan dalam pengasuhan pada orangtua sibuk kerja. Subyek dalam penelitian ini adalah 5 orangtua sibuk kerja di KB/TK-IT Al-Hikmah Blitar. Penelitian ini dilakukan selama kurang lebih 2 bulan. Setelah diterapkannya komunikasi berkualitas ternyata mampu meningkatkan kehangatan dalam pengasuhan orangtua sibuk kerja ditandai dengan meningkatnya indikator penghargaan, dukungan dan responsifitas orangtua dari 26% meningkat menjadi 38%. Kesimpulannya bahwa penelitian ini selain dapat membuktikan bahwa komunikasi berkualitas mampu digunakan untuk meningkatkan kehangatan pengasuhan juga dapat diterapkan pada bidang pendidikan terutama dalam hal pengasuhan anak, penelitian ini mengkombinasikan antara pihak sekolah dengan keluarga sehingga perkembangan anak berjalan dengan seimbang.</p>
Social Support Pada Anak Penderita Penyakit Terminal
Authors: Sukmawati Relung Fajar , Hamida Nur Amalia , Amalia Rizka , Nuqul Fathul Lubabin 
Published: April 2019

<p>Patients with terminal diseases who die every year are increasing, especially cancer is predicted to increase. Cancer is the second higest reason of death in the age range of children after an accident. Children who are diagnosed with cancer will certainly limit the activities normally carried out by their age. This is because their time is passed a lot to go through the treatment process that is not short. Therefore, children with terminal disease need support from the closest people who accompany them in the treatment process. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of social support in children with terminal disease. This research was conducted at the Syaiful Anwar Malang hospital, precisely the Pavilium building on the IRNA IV in a special room used to play for terminal’s patient which is managed by the Sahabat Anak Cancer. This research uses a case study approach and involves 3 children with terminal disease as the subject of research. The results showed that the social support provided by care giver was able to foster a spirit of positive future expectations for patients.</p>
Influence of fixed appliances on two-phase orthopedic-orthodontic treatment
Authors: Neves Leniana Santos , Canuto Luiz Filiphe Gonçalves , Cançado Rodrigo Hermont , Janson Guilherme , Drummond Alexandre Fortes , Henriques José Fernando Castanha 
Published: April 2019

Aim: The purpose of this retrospective study was to investigate the effects of phase 2 with fixed appliances, after phase 1 Bionator treatment of Class II division 1 malocclusion, as compared to a matching control group. Methods: The experimental group consisted of 20 patients who were evaluated after orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances subsequently to functional therapy with the Bionator in phase 1. A control group consisting of 20 Class II, division 1 individuals. Results: During phase 1 there was significant forward growth restriction in the maxillary complex, improvement of the maxillomandibular relationship and decrease in facial convexity. There was also significant reduction of the maxillary incisor proclination and protrusion, protrusion of the mandibular incisors, and vertical development of the mandibular molars. The overjet was significantly reduced and the molar relationship was significantly improved. Treatment during phase 2, with fixed appliances, resulted in significant maxillary forward growth restriction and facial convexity reduction. Conclusion: Major Class II skeletal and dentoalveolar anteroposterior correction was obtained during phase 1, with the Bionator. Phase 2, with fixed appliances only produced a significant maxillary forward growth restriction and facial convexity reduction, without any significant dentoalveolar change.
Holstein ou Montbéliarde : des différences phénotypiques aux conséquences économiques à l’échelle de l’exploitation
Authors: BALANDRAUD Nathan , MOSNIER Claire , DELABY Luc , DUBIEF François , GORON Jean-Philippe , MARTIN Bruno , POMIES Dominique , CASSARD Anaël 
Published: April 2019

Dans un contexte économique instable et difficile, les choix tels que la race utilisée dans les exploitations bovines laitières peuvent être remis en cause. Cet article présente au travers de deux études, l’analyse des différences phénotypiques de vaches de race Montbéliarde (Mo) et Holstein (Ho) et leur intégration au sein d’un modèle bioéconomique. Placées dans des conditions d’élevage équivalentes, les vaches de race Mo produisent environ 12% de lait en moins que celles de race Ho, avec des taux butyreux et protéique supérieurs. L’âge au vêlage est en moyenne inférieur de trois mois chez les vaches Ho, mais leurs performances de reproduction et de santé sont moins bonnes, aboutissant à un intervalle entre vêlages supérieur de 25 jours à celui de la race Mo et une fréquence de mammites plus élevée. Réalisés en excluant les systèmes sous appellation d’origine ou indication géographique contrôlée et en Agriculture Biologique, ces travaux permettent de préciser les différences de réponses à système fourrager équivalent. Les simulations économiques quantifient les conséquences des choix raciaux à l’échelle de l’exploitation dans deux scénarios : i) à même nombre de vaches et ii) à même volume de lait vendu. Ces scénarios sont appliqués à trois cas types conventionnels spécialisés dans la production laitière, mais avec des systèmes fourragers et des niveaux de production laitière contrastés (ensilage de maïs en Bretagne, maïs-herbe en Pays-de- -Loire et tout foin en Auvergne). Sur le plan économique, les simulations où les troupeaux des deux races vendent le même volume de lait montrent que la race Mo est plus rentable quel que soit le système d’élevage (+8 à +23% de résultat courant). Dans la deuxième situation, à nombre de vaches équivalent, les résultats économiques des deux races sont très proches. D’un côté, les besoins alimentaires du troupeau Ho sont supérieurs en conséquence du taux de renouvellement et du niveau d’ingestion des animaux plus élevés. De l’autre, malgré une productivité inférieure, la qualité du lait et la meilleure valorisation des carcasses de la race Mo génère plus de produits. Au final, le troupeau de race Mo permet de dégager entre 1000 et 2900 € de résultat courant supplémentaire par unité de travail homme et par an selon les situations.
Team Approach: Treatment and Rehabilitation of Patients with Spinal Cord Injury Resulting in Tetraplegia
Authors: Zlotolow Dan A. , Lipa Bethany , Pahys Joshua M. 
Published: April 2019

» Cervical spinal cord injuries result in limited upper extremity function and often lead to loss of independence.» Tendon and nerve transfers have been shown to reliably improve upper extremity function.» Most patients with injuries at or caudad to the C6 level can become independent through tendon and nerve transfers.» Nerve transfers have expanded the reconstructive options beyond what was available with just tendon transfers and often can allow the patient to obtain 1 or 2 more functions than previously possible.» Patients and physiatrists can be reticent to consider upper limb surgery because they fear compromising long-term function when a cure for spinal cord injury is discovered.
Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair
Authors: Hurley Eoghan T. , Maye Andrew B. , Mullett Hannan 
Published: April 2019

Background:
Rotator cuff tears are a common pathology, with an increasing number of repairs being performed arthroscopically. The purpose of this study was to systematically review the results in the current meta-analyses on arthroscopic rotator cuff repair, looking specifically at double-row repair compared with single-row repair, at whether platelet-rich plasma should be used adjunctively at the time of the surgical procedure, and at the effects of early-motion compared with late-motion rehabilitation postoperatively.

Methods:
MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were screened for meta-analyses on arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. The levels and quality of the evidence were assessed, and the clinical outcomes were evaluated. A significant result was defined as p < 0.05.

Results:
Twenty-four meta-analyses were identified, with 10 meta-analyses on double-row repair compared with single-row repair, 7 meta-analyses on platelet-rich plasma compared with a control, and 7 meta-analyses on early motion compared with late motion. Studies found a significant result in terms of reduced retear rates and/or increased tendon-healing rate for double-row repair (6 of 10 studies; p < 0.05), without a clinically important improvement in functional outcomes (0 of 10 studies). There was a favorable outcome when using platelet-rich plasma in small-to-medium tears in terms of a reduced rate of retear (4 of 4 studies; p < 0.05). However, in the 1 study in which platelet-rich plasma was stratified into pure platelet-rich plasma and platelet-rich fibrin matrix preparation, there was a significantly lower retear rate for tears of all sizes with platelet-rich plasma and not with platelet-rich fibrin (p < 0.05). Range of motion was shown to be significantly better with early motion (5 of 6 studies; p < 0.05) in the majority of the meta-analyses, without an increased risk of retear (6 of 6 studies; p > 0.05).

Conclusions:
The highest Level of Evidence and the highest-quality studies all supported the use of double-row repair, adjunctive platelet-rich plasma, and early-motion rehabilitation postoperatively in arthroscopic rotator cuff repair.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Proximal Junctional Kyphosis
Authors: Mika Aleksander P. , Mesfin Addisu , Rubery Paul T. , Molinari Robert , Kebaish Khaled M. , Menga Emmanuel N. 
Published: April 2019

» Proximal junctional kyphosis, a complication associated with both pediatric and adult spinal deformity surgical procedures, is defined as a proximal junctional sagittal Cobb angle of ≥10° or a proximal junctional sagittal Cobb angle at least 10° greater than the preoperative measurement.» Several risk factors for the development of proximal junctional kyphosis have been identified using univariate analysis, but many of these factors lose significance when examined by multivariate analysis.» Future proximal junctional kyphosis studies should include longer follow-up periods and patients with both asymptomatic and symptomatic proximal junctional kyphosis or proximal junctional failure and should examine patient risk factors, spinopelvic parameters, and specific instrumentation techniques.