bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pharmacogenomic profiling of the South Korean population: Insights and implications for personalized medicine
Authors: Youn Mi Seon , Ahn Se Hwan , Kim Ju Han 
Published: December 2024

Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) pose substantial public health issues, necessitating population-specific characterization due to variations in pharmacogenes. This study delineates the pharmacogenomic (PGx) landscape of the South Korean (SKR) population, focusing on 21 core pharmacogenes. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) was conducted on 396 individuals, including 99 healthy volunteers, 95 patients with chronic diseases, 81 with colon cancer, 81 with breast cancer, and 40 with gastric cancer, to identify genotype-specific drug dosing recommendations. Our detailed analysis, utilizing high-throughput genotyping (HTG) of CYP2D6 and comparative data from the 1,000 Genomes Project (1 KG) and the US National Marrow Donor Program (NMDP), revealed significant pharmacogenetic diversity in core pharmacogenes such as CYP2B6, CYP2C19, CYP4F2, NUDT15, and CYP2D6. Notably, intermediate metabolizer frequencies for CYP2B6 in SKR (3.28%) were comparable to Europeans (5.77%) and East Asians (5.36%) but significantly differed from other global populations (p &lt; 0.01). For CYP2C19, 48.74% of SKR individuals were classified as intermediate metabolizers, with the *35 allele (2.02%) being unique to SKR, the allele not observed in other East Asian populations. Additionally, the high-risk *3 allele in CYP4F2 was significantly more frequent in SKR (34.72%) than in other East Asian populations (p &lt; 0.01). NUDT15 poor metabolizers were found in 0.76% of SKR, aligning closely with other East Asians (1.59%), while TPMT poor metabolizers were predominantly observed in Europeans and Africans, with one case in SKR. We identified significant allele frequency differences in CYP2D6 variants rs1065852 and rs1135840. Among the 72 drugs analyzed, 93.43% (n = 370) of patients required dosage adjustments for at least one drug, with an average of 4.5 drugs per patient. Moreover, 31.31% (n = 124) required adjustments for more than five drugs. These findings reveal the substantial pharmacogenetic diversity of the SKR population within the global population, emphasizing the urgency of integrating population-specific PGx data into clinical practice to ensure safe and effective drug therapies. This comprehensive PGx profiling in SKR not only advances personalized medicine but also holds the potential to significantly improve healthcare outcomes on a broader scale.
Neuromuscular and balance adaptations following acute stretching exercise: a randomized control trial
Authors: Wang Bin , Wu Bin , Yang Yi , Cai Mengbiao , Li Shewang , Peng Hui 
Published: December 2024

PurposeThis study aimed to examine the acute effects of static stretching (SS) and dynamic stretching (DS) on neuromuscular function and balance in recreationally active men.MethodSixty participants were randomly assigned to SS, DS, or no stretching (NS) groups. Before and after their respective stretching protocols, participants were assessed using the stork balance test (SBT), Y-balance test (YBT), T-change of direction test (CoD T-test), countermovement jump test (CMJT), squat jump test (SJT), and five-time jump test (FJT).ResultsSignificant main effects of time were observed for the SBT, YBT, and CoD T-test. Significant interactions between time and group were found for the SBT, YBT, CoD T-test, and CMJT (P &lt; 0.05). Compared to the NS group, the SS group showed significant improvement in the SBT (P &lt; 0.05), while the DS group demonstrated significant improvements in the SBT, YBT (all directions), CoD T-test, CMJT, and SJT (P &lt; 0.05). Post-training, the DS group showed greater improvements than the SS group in the YBT, CoD T-test, CMJT, and SJT (P &lt; 0.05), with no significant differences in the SBT.ConclusionSS acutely improves static balance, while DS has a broader impact, enhancing both neuromuscular function and balance.
Effect of teachers’ teaching strategies on students’ learning engagement: moderated mediation model
Authors: Zhang Heping , Yang Junjie , Liu Zhiyuan 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionThis study explores the nuanced relationship between teachers’ teaching strategies and students’ learning engagement within online environments, considering the mediation by students’ perceptions of teachers’ emotional engagement and the moderation by teachers’ expectations.MethodsEmploying a stratified sampling technique, data were collected from 1,200 Chinese primary and secondary students through the “Survey on Online Learning Engagement.” Structural equation modeling was applied to analyze the relationships among teaching strategies, emotional engagement, teachers’ expectations, and learning engagement.ResultsThe study found that teachers’ teaching strategies not only directly affect students’ learning engagement (r = 0.377***, p &lt; 0.001), but also indirectly affect students’ learning engagement through students’ perception of teachers’ emotional engagement. It showed a significant mediating effect (indirect effect = 0.231***, p &lt; 0.001). Additionally, teachers’ expectations exhibit a notable moderating effect on the relationship between perceived emotional engagement and learning engagement (β = 0.073***, p &lt; 0.001). In other words, in addition to teachers’ teaching strategies, teachers’ emotional involvement and students’ perception of teachers’ emotional involvement are important factors affecting students’ learning involvement. This means that in online classroom teaching, the emotional transmission and experience between teachers and students play a role in the connection.DiscussionThe study highlights the critical role of emotional connection in educational strategies, suggesting that teachers should focus on fostering emotional engagement alongside academic content. Balanced teacher expectations are recommended to facilitate a supportive learning environment that encourages higher levels of student engagement. Educators are advised to integrate emotional warmth and responsiveness into their teaching methods and to maintain realistic expectations to promote optimal learning outcomes.
Association of metalloestrogens exposure with depression in women across reproductive lifespan
Authors: Ren Junjie , Wu Wanxin , Li Jia , Hu Qifang , Zhang Mi , Wang Jing , Li Xiaoming , Li Yanwen , Huang Binbin 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundExposure to metal could impact women’s depression risk. However, the connection and mechanisms between metalloestrogens exposure and depression are still not fully understood. We aim to explore the associations between metalloestrogens and the risk of depression in women across reproductive lifespan.MethodsUsing data from NHANES 2011-2018, we employed logistic regression and baknernel machine regression (BKMR) to study links between metalloestrogen exposure and depression in US women. We analyzed how contraceptive use affects this relationship.ResultsThe study involved 3,374 adult women, with 345 of them experiencing depression. Our research revealed that certain metalloestrogens like Ba, Ca, Pb, Sb, and Sn were linked to higher depression risk in women, while Hg was associated with lower depression risk in older women. For women aged 18-44, a blend of metalloestrogens showed a significant positive correlation with depression risk, and the likelihood of depression in later years notably rose when the metal mixture concentration reached or exceeded the 60th percentile. Oral contraceptives would have an effect on the impact of metalloestrogen mixture exposure on depression in women during the reproductive stage.ConclusionsOur study indicates a significant link between metalloestrogen exposure and a higher risk of depression in adult women in the United States. This finding can aid in identifying the connection and enhancing women’s mental well-being.
Neuropeptide Y in first-episode schizophrenia: is there any sex differences in the pathogeneses of schizophrenia?
Authors: Song Jia-Qi , Xin Wen , Yu Jian-Jin , Zhao Qing , Li Hong-Na , Chen Da-Chun 
Published: December 2024

ObjectiveThis study investigated relationships between Neuropeptide Y levels and severity of psychiatric symptoms in first-episode schizophrenia patients, and explore the sexual heterogeneity in them.MethodsWe recruited 115 first-episode schizophrenia patients and 58 matched healthy controls, and measured serum Neuropeptide Y levels of them at baseline and again after 10 weeks of risperidone treatment in patient group. Patients were also evaluated with the Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale (PANSS) to reveal the severity of symptoms.Results95 patients completed the whole experiment. We find that mean Neuropeptide Y levels at baseline were significantly higher in patients than in controls (p&lt;0.001), no matter in males or females. In males, there are positive correlations between Neuropeptide Y levels and PANSS scores at baseline (p&lt;0.01), and between the change of them (p&lt;0.05). However, we do not find these correlations in female patients. Furthermore, the interaction terms of NPY × sex were highly significant taking PANSS as dependent variable(p&lt;0.001).ConclusionNeuropeptide Y plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. In male patients, Neuropeptide Y is positively correlated with the severity of symptoms, while this correlation is not found in females. Continued efforts are needed to determine the sexual dimorphism in pathogeneses of schizophrenia.
Model-based approach for specifying requirements of virtual reality software products
Authors: Karre Sai Anirudh , Reddy Y. Raghu 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionGathering requirements for developing virtual reality (VR) software products is a labor-intensive process. It requires detailed elicitation of scene flow, articles in the scene, action responses, custom behaviors, and timeline of events. The slightest change in requirements will escalate the design and development costs. While most VR practitioners depend on conventional software engineering (SE) requirement-gathering techniques, there is a need for novel methods to streamline VR software development. With severe software platform fragmentation and hardware volatility, VR practitioners need assistance specifying non-volatile requirements for a minimum viable VR software product.MethodsTo address this gap, we present virtual reality requirement specification tool (VReqST), a model-based requirement specification tool for developing virtual reality software products.ResultsUsing VReqST, requirement analysts can specify the requirements for both simple and complex multi-scene VR software products and virtual environments (VEs).DiscussionVReqST is customizable and competent in illustrating custom requirements for new locomotion, colocation, teleportation algorithms, etc. We worked with the VR community from the industry for adoption and feedback. We revised and included the desired features based on inputs from the VR community and gathered their observations on the overall impact of VReqST in practice.
The current physical activity in persons with disability in Qatar: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Pandiyan Uma , Kariyathankavil Ibin , Rebbouh Abderrahmane , EP Grami Leila Khairallah , Thomas Asha Susan , Sathian Brijesh 
Published: December 2024

PurposeThe primary objective of this study was to measure and quantify the current level of physical activity among persons with disability in Qatar. The secondary objective was to assess and analyze the duration of sedentary behavior among individuals with disability in Qatar.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional epidemiological study of persons with disability living in Qatar. The study period was from October 2020 to December 2021Results96 persons with disabilities participated in this study. They included individuals with amputations, spinal cord injuries, cerebral palsy, and other developmental impairments. Of the respondents, 56% were male and 64% were Qataris. Of the respondents, 61.5%said that they felt psychologically and emotionally better when engaging in physical activity, and this difference was statistically significant. 71% of all those who reported feeling physically good after sport, 65% said that they enjoyed the social aspects of sports. This corroborates the beneficial effects of exercise, sports, and physical activity in persons with all types of disabilities.ConclusionThere was a definite impact on the emotional and physical well-being of those who participated in the physical activities. There was less participation in team activities and two-thirds preferred to exercise alone. However, their numbers were not statistically significant because of low enrollment in the study.
Cystic plate approach in laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a consecutive retrospective analysis
Authors: Zhou Yanjie , Xiao Le , Luo Zhulin , Luo Hao , Tan Zhen , Wang Tao 
Published: December 2024

PurposeThis study aimed to investigate the safety, feasibility, and possible advantages of the cystic plate approach during laparoscopic cholecystectomy in a retrospective cohort of surgical patients.MethodsWe summarized the key points of the technical approach, retrospectively analyzed the clinical outcomes of 156 patients in the cystic plate approach group from July 2018 to July 2023, and compared the findings with those of 173 cases in the routine approach group from the same period.ResultsWe observed no differences in the average stone size, operation time, postoperative hospital stay, conversion rate, complications, or Visual Analog Scale pain scores on the second day of surgery between the two groups (p = 0.076, 0.067, 0.278, 1.000, 0.633, and 0.131, respectively). However, intraoperative blood loss, number of clips used, volume of postoperative drainage fluid, and Visual Analog Scale pain scores on the day of surgery in the cystic plate approach group were significantly lower than those in the routine approach group (p = 0.000, 0.031, 0.027, and 0.021, respectively).ConclusionsThe cystic plate approach is a safe, feasible, and effective approach that has the advantages of minimal invasiveness with less bleeding and seepage, reduced use of biological clips, and less pain, potentially minimizing the risk of iatrogenic biliary injury.
Trial registrationThis study was registered at the International Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2100052860). Registration date: November 6, 2021.
Periapical cysts in dogs: 10 cases (2000–2020)
Authors: Vogel-Waski Rebecca J. , Castejon-Gonzalez Ana C. , Church Molly E. , Reiter Alexander M. 
Published: December 2024

ObjectiveTo characterize the clinical, diagnostic imaging, and histologic features with description of treatment outcome of periapical cysts in dogs.AnimalsTen client-owned dogs diagnosed with periapical cysts biopsied between July 1, 2000 and June 30, 2020.ProceduresMedical records of the Matthew J. Ryan Veterinary Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania were retrospectively searched to identify dogs that had surgical biopsy specimens of cavitary lesions diagnosed as odontogenic cysts and that met additional inclusion criteria. Complete medical records were reviewed.ResultsRange age and body weight of affected dogs were 2.5–12.1 years and 4.3–38.4 kg (9.5–84.7 lb), respectively. All periapical cysts were affecting the incisive bone and/or the maxilla. Nine dogs presented with a fluctuant swelling of the oral mucosa and gingiva; one dog without clinical swelling presented with a history of difficulty breathing. All cysts originated from a non-vital tooth with a structural defect (wear or fracture without pulp exposure) and/or intrinsic staining. Extraction of the associated non-vital teeth, enucleation of the cysts, and curettage of the surgical sites resulted in resolution of the clinical signs.Conclusions and clinical relevanceThe findings indicate that periapical cysts are associated with a non-vital tooth without pulp exposure. Complete evaluation of the clinical, diagnostic imaging, and histologic features of the lesion in affected dogs is necessary to differentiate periapical cysts from other odontogenic cysts and tumors.
Bacterial Contamination of Parcel Vending Machines in Lublin, Poland
Authors: Kasela Martyna , Andrzejczuk Sylwia , Pietras-Ożga Dorota , Ossowski Mateusz 
Published: December 2024

Parcel vending machines (PVMs) are receiving more recognition as an environmentally friendly last-mile delivery service. However, their high popularity creates the risk of microbial contamination of touchscreens and keypads resulting in the spread of pathogens in humans. The study aimed at assessing the degree of bacterial contamination of PVMs and characterizing the microbial population using mass spectrometry-based identification. In total, 64 PVMs located in 16 districts of city Lublin (Poland) were studied for the total number of aerobic bacteria (TNAB) using contact plates, whereas bacterial identification was conducted using the MALDI-TOF MS. Study revealed that the average TNAB for the analyzed districts ranged from 1 ± 0.4 CFU/cm2 to 8.54 ± 10.77 CFU/cm2. Statistical analysis showed a positive correlation between the TNAB and the population density (p = 0.0193), emphasizing the influence of human microbiota on the level of bacterial contamination. Among 140 reliably identified bacterial species (96.3%), the most prevalent were Bacillus spp. (52.8%) and Staphylococcus spp. (10.7%). Multiple opportunistic pathogens were detected, including B. cereus and Escherichia coli. This study indicates the need to develop procedures for disinfection or to implement modified materials for the PVMs touchscreens to limit the adhesion of potentially pathogenic microorganisms.
Critical Considerations in Calling Disease-Causing EDAR Mutations in Nonsyndromic Oligodontia
Authors: Kim Youn Jung , Gu Se-Young , Chae Wonseon , Kim Seon Hee , Kim Jung-Wook 
Published: December 2024

Background/Objectives: Oligodontia, the absence of six or more teeth excluding third molars, is a rare genetic condition, unlike hypodontia (missing one or more teeth), which is a relatively common human disease. Methods: To identify the genetic etiology of nonsyndromic oligodontia (NSO) families, we performed mutational analysis and investigated the functional effects of identified EDAR mutations. Whole-exome sequencing was conducted on recruited families with NSO. Bioinformatic analysis identified mutations in oligodontia-causing candidate genes, which were confirmed by Sanger sequencing and segregation within families. The impact of EDAR mutations on the EDA signaling pathway was assessed using luciferase activity analysis. Results: EDAR mutations were identified in three NSO families. A homozygous missense EDAR mutation (NM_022336.4: c.319A>G p.(Met107Val)) was found in the singleton proband of family 1. The proband of family 2 carried compound heterozygous EDAR mutations: a maternal missense mutation (c.319A>G p.(Met107Val)) and a paternal missense variant (c.1270G>A p.(Val424Met)). The proband of family 3 had heterozygous EDAR mutations: a maternal missense mutation (c.389T>A p.(Ile130Asn)) and paternal intronic variants in cis (c.[357-4G>A;440+50C>T]). Luciferase assays confirmed reduced transcriptional activity for all identified missense mutations, while splicing assays revealed altered splicing patterns. Conclusions: In conclusion, recessive EDAR mutations, including novel ones, were identified in NSO families, and their pathological mechanism was explored through transcriptional activity measurements.
Isolation and Characterization of Bioactive Compounds from Saccharomonospora sp. CMS18 and Their Antifungal Properties
Authors: Um Soohyun , Jeong Hyeongju , Park Ji-Eun , Seo Jeongwon , Jung Sang Heon , Bae Munhyung , Lee Kyung-Tae , Moon Kyuho 
Published: December 2024

In this study, metagenomic analysis was employed to investigate the bacterial communities in the Muan tidal mudflat of the Republic of Korea. We used metagenomic analysis to identify the microbial community in tidal soil dominated by Proteobacteria. From this environment, the bacterial strain, Saccharomonospora sp. CMS18, was isolated and yielded two previously unknown compounds, penipaline D (3) and N-acetyl-dimethylallyltryptophan (4). The chemical structures of the isolated compounds along with 6-dimethylallyl-indole (1), 6-dimethylallyltryptophan (2), penipaline D (3), and N-acetyl-dimethylallyltryptophan (4) were structurally investigated using HR-ESI-MS and NMR spectroscopy. The isolated compound 6-dimethylallyl-indole (1) demonstrated broad-spectrum antifungal activity, with IC50 value of 0.04 mM against Candida glabrata and 0.35 mM against both Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans. Additionally, it exhibited additive interaction with caspofungin against C. albicans.
DETERMINANTS OF SHORT BIRTHS IN BLORA CITY, CENTRAL JAVA: A MULTILEVEL ANALYSIS
Authors: Kurniatri Maniek Indah , Widyaningsih Vitri , Sukamto Ika Sumiyarsi 
Published: December 2024

Kabupaten Blora termasuk daerah yang menjadi fokus perhatian pemerintah pusat dalam program penanganan stunting dengan jumlah kasus lahir pendek sebesar 311 anak pada tahun 2022. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor biologis, social ekonomi, dan geografi terhadap bayi lahir pendek. Penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai pengambilan kebijakan untuk mencegah stunting. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kabupaten Blora pada bulan Maret hingga Mei 2024 dengan bayi yang lahir pada tahun 2023. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik kuantitatif menggunakan desain studi case control. Sampel diambil menggunakan rumus cluster sampling dan didapatkan sebanyak 100 kelompok kasus dan 200 kelompok kontrol yang dibedakan berdasarkan jumlah populasi kasus dan sampel pada tempat penelitian. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner. variabel bebas yaitu usia, tinggi badan, kekurangan energi kronik, anemia, kunjungan antenatal, paritas, usia kehamilan, pendapatan, anggota keluarga, paparan rokok, tempat tinggal, serta pengaruh kontekstual desa dan capaian kunjungan posyandu dan variabel terikat adalah bayi lahir pendek. Analisis menggunakan regresi logistik ganda multilevel. Terdapat pengaruh dari usia ibu hamil dibawah 19 tahun (aOR=6.89; p=0.002), tinggi badan (aOR=4.63; p=0.009), kekurangan energi kronik (aOR= 6.61; p=0.001), anemia (aOR=3.28; p=0.018), kunjungan antenatal (aOR=6.38; p=0.003), paritas (aOR=3.39; p=0.008), usia kehamilan (aOR=4.58; p=0.042), pendapatan (aOR=2.40; p=0.067), jumlah anggota keluarga (aOR=4.39; p=0.003), paparan asap rokok (aOR=2.88; p=0.017) dan tempat tinggal (aOR=3.45; p=0.012), serta terdapat pengaruh kontekstual posyandu dan desa terhadap kejadian stunting di Kabupaten Blora sebesar 12%.Terdapat pengaruh dari faktor biologis, sosial ekonomi, dan geofrafis terhadap bayi lahir pendek di Kabupaten Blora. Diharapkan pemerintah membuat kebijakan untuk menurunkan kekurangan energi kronik pada ibu hamil
Dualidad maíz-llama y sincretismo religioso andino
Authors: Espinoza-Montes Francisco , Cavero Carrasco Juan Ranulfo 
Published: December 2024

Se investiga sobre cómo el maíz y la llama, modestísimos elementos vinculados a la vida cotidiana andina, tuvieron destacado significado religioso en Perú prehispánico y siguen asumiendo, en gran parte de la cultura andina quechua, connotaciones sincréticas fruto de más de cinco centurias de transformaciones culturales y religiosas. Asimismo, se establece entre estos la existencia de una dualidad religiosa –que parece ser matriz ordenadora de los complejos simbólicos de la cultura andina quechua– que se manifiesta en una serie de relaciones simbólicas de oposición, de complementación y de equivalencia analógica y homológica. La perspectiva teórica es concebir la religión como un sistema cultural, con su dimensión subjetiva y simbólica en los términos de Clifford Geertz, y con su dimensión objetiva como lo plantea Manuel Marzal. Para el estudio se ha realizado importantes trabajos etnográficos en las comunidades campesinas de Lorensayocc y Anansayocc del distrito de Quinua y en otras de la región Ayacucho. Además, adicionalmente se han revisado crónicas y otras fuentes etnográficas referidas a Cusco y Puno, al sur de Perú.