bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A method for revising package image colors to express brand perceptions better
Authors: Tokutake Miwa , Kajiyama Tomoko , Ouchi Noritomo 
Published: June 2019

AbstractProduct packaging is an important element for branding that directly affects product sales. We have developed a method for creating package images that better express brand perception as a way to motivate purchasing behavior and increase sales. The method works by replacing a color that gives an impression different from the brand perception with one that better expresses the brand perception and that is appropriate for the target product. Brand perceptions perceived by consumers were identified by administering a questionnaire to 160 participants. We constructed two databases: a color database of the correspondence between colors and typical adjectives representing various inner emotional states and a feature database for target products. Using these databases, we applied appropriate colors to packaging (except for areas providing information or containing the logo) to express brand perceptions more accurately. We evaluated this method by performing two experiments, one with 96 participants to determine how changing a package color changed the viewer's impression of the product and the other with seven design experts to determine how this method could help them simulate package design. The results revealed that displaying an appropriately revised package image reduced the gap between the brand perception and the impression obtained upon viewing the package image and gave design experts new ideas for package design.
A novel and efficient address configuration for MANET
Authors: Li Yanli , Wang Xiaonan 
Published: June 2019

SummaryAt present, one technical challenge of MANET is the address configuration, and another technical challenge is to deal with the network merging in order to ensure the address uniqueness in the merging network. This paper proposes a scheme to address these two issues. In the scheme, the MANET architecture is presented, and based on the architecture the address configuration algorithm is proposed. This algorithm employs an allocation variable to achieve the address configuration, and a node can ensure the address uniqueness without any interactions with other nodes. In order to effectively detect the network merging, this scheme proposes the generation algorithm of the MANET ID which uniquely identifies MANET. Based on this generation algorithm, the network merging algorithm is proposed. In this algorithm, only the nodes with the duplicate address perform the address reconfiguration, so the network merging cost and delay are reduced. This scheme is evaluated, and the results show that this scheme effectively improves the address configuration performance and the network merging performance.
A worm in the cytology laboratory: A root cause analysis case study
Authors: El Hussein Siba , Guerrero Dominick , Rozental Stefano , Weiss Louis M. , Gera Shweta , Suhrland Mark , Fatyan Alaeddin , Khader Samer N. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIn the spring of 2018, nematode‐like organisms were first noted at the time of microscopic diagnosis on gynecologic (GYN) and anal pap specimens in our institution's cytopathology department. Due to their morphology and specimen source, we considered a diagnosis of pinworm. However, after identifying at least 30 more cases over 3 months from patients living in variable locations, we started favoring a contaminant. This report studies the steps that were initiated to figure the source of pap smear‐preparation contamination and the molecular investigation to identify the nature of the contaminant.
Harvest effects on density and biomass of Neopicrorhiza scrophulariiflora vary along environmental gradients in the Nepalese Himalayas
Authors: Poudeyal Mukti Ram , Meilby Henrik , Shrestha Bharat Babu , Ghimire Suresh Kumar 
Published: June 2019

AbstractA surprisingly large number of species potentially threatened by human harvest lack quantitative ecological studies incorporating harvest effects, especially clonal species in the alpine Himalayas. We studied density and biomass variation of a threatened medicinal herb, Neopicrorhiza scrophulariiflora, to examine the effect of harvest on plant performance. The study covered two regions with contrasting harvest situations—one with open‐access and another protected from commercial harvesting. Four populations from each region were compared along an elevation gradient (3,800–4,800 m). Also, we conducted in situ interviews with 165 and 38 medicinal and aromatic plant users in open‐access and protected regions, respectively, to assess the collection and use patterns of the target species. The quantity harvested per household for traditional healthcare use was similar in both regions. We found no evidence of trade‐driven collection in the protected region but in the open‐access region a trade‐based annual collection of 35–465 kg dried rhizomes per household had a strong negative effect on both density and biomass. In the protected region, the effect of harvest intensity on plant density was positive for vegetative and negative for reproductive individuals, whereas in the open‐access region, the effect was negative for both vegetative and reproductive individuals. The results indicated that a low harvest intensity had no adverse impact on N. scrophulariiflora populations; however, quantification of the optimum level of harvest remains to be explored. Shrub vegetation appeared to buffer the harvest impact on plant density, possibly through the retention of additional moisture. To maintain population viability, we suggest regulating harvest, for example, by introducing rotational harvest systems, ensuring that a sufficient number of reproductive individuals are left as a source of propagules in each harvested population and that populations are given time to recover between harvests.
Electrocoagulation of Pb2+, Co2+, and Mn2+ from simulated wastewater: An algorithmic optimization using hybrid RSM–GA–PSO
Authors: Uzoh Chigozie Francolins , Nwabanne Joseph Tagbo , Ozofor Ikenna Henry 
Published: June 2019

AbstractEfficiency of electrocoagulation process for the removal of heavy metals (Pb2+, Mn2+, and Co2+) from simulated wastewater was investigated using iron electrode pair at five operational variables: pH (2–10), current density (0.076–0.189 A/cm2), inter‐electrode distance (3–7 cm), solution temperature (30–70°C), and charging time (5–20 min). Experiments were conducted as per central composite design (CCD), and the data was used for model building. Algorithmic optimization via hybrid response surface methodology (RSM)–genetic algorithm (GA)–particle swarm optimization (PSO) was studied where Pb2+, Mn2+, and Co2+ removal efficiency were monitored as responses from the finding equations of the CCD. Transition to the optimum removal (≥90%) of Pb2+, Mn2+, and Co2+ ions was achieved with current density of 0.19 A/cm2, solution temperature of 70°C, mean electrode distance of 3 cm and pH of 6.6 and charging time of 25 min for PSO relative to GA and RSM. Corresponding experiments conducted with the global optimal conditions show that the actual results (98.5, 90, 99%) were in reasonable agreement with the theoretical results of RSM (94.09, 90.82, 85.08%), GA (102.08, 87.91, 101.55%), and PSO (100.58, 90.91, 101.05%) for Pb2+, Mn2+, and Co2+, respectively. The mean error indices of 6.43, 2.83, and 1.73% for RSM, GA, and PSO, respectively, indicate that PSO guarantees best convergences to true optimal.
Hydrogen sulfide removal from the waste gas of phosphoric acid plant
Authors: Lagha Arwa , Ouederni Abdelmottaleb , Ben Abdallah Hédi 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe wet manufacturing process of the phosphoric acid plant generates a waste gas containing hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a malodorous and toxic gas. In this study, a new application, coupling the neutralization in potassium hydroxide (KOH) solution and the catalytic oxidation (designated as KOC), was developed to treat H2S. In fact, the waste gas of the phosphoric acid plant was neutralized in KOH solution in the presence of the air oxygen as an oxidizing agent and the activated carbon (AC) prepared from an agricultural waste, that is, the olive stone, as a catalyst. The process was efficient in both batch and cyclic configurations. The “KOC batch” process offers the retention of more than 40 mgS and allows high removal of H2S compared to absorption alone. The “KOC cyclic” process treated 800 mgS/g of AC.
Synthesis of geranyl acetate by transesterification of geraniol with ethyl acetate over Candida antarctica lipase as catalyst in solvent‐free system
Authors: Bhavsar Kalpesh V. , Yadav Ganapati D. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIncreasing environmental awareness has forced researchers to minimize the use of organic solvents in chemical synthesis. Modern biocatalysis is a way to develop clean catalytic technologies. A process operating in solvent‐free condition using reusable biocatalyst, will be useful for the fragrance and flavour industry, which requires stringent specifications on impurities. A direct transesterification reaction of geraniol with ethyl acetate was carried out to produce geranyl acetate in a batch reactor using different immobilized enzymes. Among these, Novozyme 435 was the best catalyst for the synthesis of geranyl acetate in a solvent‐free medium. Parametric studies were conducted to optimize the conversion and yield. Overall, 83% conversion of geraniol with 100% selectivity to geranyl acetate was obtained at a mole ratio of 1:7 of geraniol to ethyl acetate, using 12.7 g L−1 Novozyme 435 at 60 °C for 2 h. At higher concentrations of acyl donor, it was noticed that the conversion of geranyl acetate was increased. The Lineweaver–Burk plots suggested a ternary complex with inhibition by ethyl acetate. The process is green, clean, and useful to the perfume and flavour industries.
Solar Energy and New Energy Technologies for Mediterranean Countries
Authors: Ciriminna Rosaria , Albanese Lorenzo , Pecoraino Mario , Meneguzzo Francesco , Pagliaro Mario 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe replacement of fossil fuels to produce electricity and heat to propel vehicles with solar energy, along with other new energy technologies, will bring significant economic, environmental, and social benefits to all Mediterranean countries. The transition to new energy, however, calls for a proactive and creative role of policy makers.
Transpiration and subsurface controls of streamflow recession characteristics
Authors: Tashie Arik , Scaife Charles I. , Band Lawrence E. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIn headwater catchments, streamflow recedes between periods of rainfall at a predictable rate generally defined by a power–law relationship relating streamflow decay to streamflow. Research over the last four decades has applied this relationship to predictions of water resource availability as well as estimations of basin‐wide physiographic characteristics and ecohydrologic conditions. However, the interaction of biophysical processes giving rise to the form of these power–law relationships remains poorly understood, and recent investigations into the variability of streamflow recession characteristics between discrete events have alternatively suggested evapotranspiration, water table elevation, and stream network contraction as dominant factors, without consensus. To assess potential temporal variability and interactions in the mechanism(s) driving streamflow recession, we combine long‐term observational data from a headwater stream in the southern Appalachian Mountains with state and flux conditions from a process‐based ecohydrologic model. Streamflow recession characteristics are nonunique and vary systematically with seasonal fluctuations in both rates of transpiration and watershed wetness conditions, such that transpiration dominates recession signals in the early growing season and diminishes in effect as the water table elevation progressively drops below and decouples with the root zone with topographic position. As a result of this decoupling, there exists a seasonal hysteretic relationship between streamflow decay and both evapotranspiration and watershed wetness conditions. Results indicate that for portions of the year, forest transpiration may actively compete with subsurface drainage for the same water resource that supplies streamflow, though for extended time periods, these processes exploit distinct water stores. Our analysis raises concerns about the efficacy of assessing humid headwater systems using traditional recession analysis, with recession curve parameters treated as static features of the watershed, and we provide novel alternatives for evaluating interacting biological and geophysical drivers of streamflow recession.
Biased estimates of the isotope ratios of steady‐state evaporation from the assumption of equilibrium between vapour and precipitation
Authors: Fiorella Richard P. , West Jason B. , Bowen Gabriel J. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractStable water isotope ratios are measured as a tracer of environmental processes in materials such as leaves, soils, and lakes. Water in these archives may experience evaporation, which increases the abundance of heavy isotopologues proportionally to the gradients in humidity and isotope ratio between the evaporating water and the surrounding atmosphere. The isotope ratio of the atmosphere has been difficult to measure until recently, and measurements remain scarce. As a result, several assumptions have been adopted to estimate isotope ratios of atmospheric water vapour. Perhaps the most commonly employed assumption in terrestrial environments is that water vapour is in isotopic equilibrium with precipitation. We evaluate this assumption using an eight‐member ensemble of general circulation model (GCM) simulations that include explicit calculation of isotope ratios in precipitation and vapour. We find that across the model ensemble, water vapour is typically less depleted in heavy isotopologues than expected if it were in equilibrium with annual precipitation. Atmospheric vapour likely possesses higher‐than‐expected isotope ratios because precipitation isotope ratios are determined by atmospheric conditions that favour condensation, which do not reflect atmospheric mixing and advection processes outside of precipitation events. The effect of this deviation on theoretical estimates of isotope ratios of evaporating waters scales with relative humidity. As a result, the equilibrium assumption gives relatively accurate estimates of the isotope ratios of evaporating waters in low latitudes but performs increasingly poorly at increasing latitudes. Future studies of evaporative water pools should include measurements of atmospheric isotope ratios or constrain potential bias with isotope‐enabled GCM simulations.
Identification of key candidate genes and pathways in multiple myeloma by integrated bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Yan Haimeng , Zheng Gaofeng , Qu Jianwei , Liu Yang , Huang Xi , Zhang Enfan , Cai Zhen 
Published: June 2019

AbstractMultiple myeloma (MM) is a common hematologic malignancy for which the underlying molecular mechanisms remain largely unclear. This study aimed to elucidate key candidate genes and pathways in MM by integrated bioinformatics analysis. Expression profiles GSE6477 and GSE47552 were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with p < .05 and [logFC] > 1 were identified. Functional enrichment, protein–protein interaction network construction and survival analyses were then performed. First, 51 upregulated and 78 downregulated DEGs shared between the two GSE datasets were identified. Second, functional enrichment analysis showed that these DEGs are mainly involved in the B cell receptor signaling pathway, hematopoietic cell lineage, and NF‐kappa B pathway. Moreover, interrelation analysis of immune system processes showed enrichment of the downregulated DEGs mainly in B cell differentiation, positive regulation of monocyte chemotaxis and positive regulation of T cell proliferation. Finally, the correlation between DEG expression and survival in MM was evaluated using the PrognoScan database. In conclusion, we identified key candidate genes that affect the outcomes of patients with MM, and these genes might serve as potential therapeutic targets.
Highly Efficient and Diastereoselective Construction of Tricyclic Pyrrolidine‐Fused Benzo[b]thiophene 1,1‐dioxide Derivatives via 1,3‐Dipolar [3 + 2] Cycloaddition
Authors: Wang Kai‐Kai , Li Yan‐Li , Ma Guo‐Yang , Yi Meng‐Hao , Zhu Bao‐Ku 
Published: June 2019

A rapid and highly efficient 1,3‐dipolar [3 + 2] cycloaddition of nonstabilized azomethine ylides generated in situ with benzo[b]thiophene 1,1‐dioxides as the dipolarophiles has been developed. The efficient method affords tricyclic pyrrolidine‐fused benzo[b]thiophene 1,1‐dioxide derivatives in high to excellent yields (up to 99%) with excellent diastereoselectivities (up to >25:1 dr) under mild reaction conditions. The structure of a typical product was confirmed by X‐ray crystallography.
Ultra‐orphan lysosomal storage diseases: A cross‐sectional quantitative analysis of the natural history of alpha‐mannosidosis
Authors: Zielonka Matthias , Garbade Sven F. , Kölker Stefan , Hoffmann Georg F. , Ries Markus 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAlpha‐mannosidosis (OMIM 248500) is a rare lysosomal storage disorder caused by a deficiency of the enzyme alpha‐mannosidase. Recently, enzyme replacement therapy was approved in the European Union for the treatment of alpha‐mannosidosis, but evaluation regarding long‐term efficacy and safety is hard to assess due to missing quantitative natural history data, in particular survival. We performed a quantitative analysis of published cases (N = 111) with alpha‐mannosidosis. Main outcome measures were age of disease onset, diagnostic delay and survival (overall and by subgroup exploration). Residual alpha‐mannosidase activity and age of onset were explored as potential predictors of survival. STROBE criteria were respected. Median age of onset was 12 months. Median diagnostic delay was 6 years. At the age of 41 years 72.3% of patients were alive (N = 111). Residual alpha‐mannosidase activity (N = 34) predicted survival: Patients with a residual alpha‐mannosidase activity below or equal to 4.5% of normal in fibroblasts had a median survival of 3.5 years, whereas patients with alpha‐mannosidase activity above this threshold all survived during the observation period reported. Patients with age of onset above 7 years survived significantly longer than patients with age of onset below or equal to 7 years. Patient distribution was panethnic with hotspots in the United States and Germany. We defined age of onset, diagnostic delay, and survival characteristics in a global cohort of 111 patients with alpha‐mannosidosis by retrospective quantitative natural history modeling. These data expand the quantitative understanding of the clinical phenotype.
Quantitative structure‐retention relationships of the chromatographic retentions of phthalic acid ester contaminants in foods
Authors: Shen Qianqian , Tao Wenwen , Guo Yujie , Wang Shijia , Wang Yanfei , Zheng Er′mei , Chen Zhongxiu , Chen Kexian 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe harmful health effects caused by phthalic acid esters have been supported from the increasing scientific evidence, developing the efficient methodologies to monitor the levels of phthalic acid esters in various foods become especially important from the aspects of human exposure assessment and their migration mechanistic understanding. In this study, quantitative structure‐retention relationship studies on both the gas and liquid chromatographic retention times of 23 phthalic acid esters were performed by genetic function approximation, and the optimal quantitative structure‐retention relationship models (r2 > 0.980, r2CV > 0.960, and r2pred > 0.865) passed the statistical tests of cross‐validation, randomization, external prediction, Roy′ rm2 metrics, Golbraikh‐Tropsha′ criteria and applicability domain. The established predictive models elucidate the structural requirements for the retention of phthalic acid esters over different chromatographic columns, which were finally used to predict the retention times of 11 new phthalic acid esters. Hopefully, this work could provide useful guidelines for better understanding and accurate prediction of the retention behavior of undetermined phthalic acid esters when lacking standard samples or under poor experimental conditions, and make the simultaneous identification and quantification of numerous phthalic acid esters possible.
Value of Qualitative and Quantitative Contrast‐Enhanced Ultrasound Analysis in Preoperative Diagnosis of Cervical Lymph Node Metastasis From Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Chen Lei , Chen Luzeng , Liu Jinghua , Wang Bin , Zhang Hui 
Published: June 2019

ObjectivesTo investigate the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of contrast‐enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in assessing cervical lymph node metastasis from papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and to evaluate its value in the preoperative diagnosis of cervical lymph node metastasis from PTC.MethodsA total of 55 lymph nodes in 46 patients were enrolled retrospectively, including 29 metastases from PTC and 26 normal/reactive ones. All lymph nodes were evaluated by conventional ultrasound (US) and CEUS before biopsy or surgery. A receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to analyze the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy of US and CEUS features in the diagnosis of lymph node metastasis as well as the overall diagnostic performance of US, CEUS, and a combination of the two.ResultsSignificant differences were found in the enhancement direction, enhancement type, and enhancement range between metastatic and normal/reactive lymph nodes on CEUS (P < .05). Quantitative CEUS parameters were not statistically significant (P > .05). The combination of US and CEUS had the highest diagnostic accuracy (92.7%) compared with US (80.8%) and CEUS (89.1%) alone in the diagnosis of lymph node metastasis from PTC.ConclusionsThe characteristics of cervical lymph node metastasis from PTC on CEUS include centripetal perfusion, peripheral or mixed enhancement, and an enlarged range on CEUS compared with US, and the first feature was the most meaningful. The combination of CEUS and US is a promising imaging tool for the preoperative diagnosis of cervical metastatic lymph nodes in patients with PTC.
Millimeter‐wave microstrip patch antenna using vertically coupled split ring metaplate for gain enhancement
Authors: Jeong Min Joo , Hussain Niamat , Park Ji Woong , Park Seong Gyoon , Rhee Seung Yeop , Kim Nam 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis article presents a millimeter‐wave (mmWave) microstrip patch antenna (MPA) with a vertically coupled split ring metaplate (VCSRM). The narrow bandwidth and low gain of MPA are improved using VCSRM by periodically arranging split rings on the front and backsides of a dielectric slab. Numerical and experimental results show that the proposed antenna attains good radiation pattern, a high gain of 11.94 dBi, and a measured fractional bandwidth covering 26.58 to 29.31 GHz (9.77%). The gain of the antenna is increased by 5.35 dBi and the bandwidth is improved by 3.87% when compared to MPA without VCSRM. Thus, the proposed antenna with a small size of 18 × 22 mm2 is suitable for mmWave applications.