bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Odnos između samoefi kasnosti dojenja i teškoća pri dojenju tijekom boravka u rodilištu
Authors: Bošnjak Anita Pavičić , Stanojević Milan , Glavaš Edgar 
Published: November 2024

Cilj je ispitati učestalost teškoća pri dojenju i učestalost isključivog dojenja u rodilištu s obzirom na stupanj samoefi kasnosti dojenjamajki. U ovoj kohortnoj studiji su sudjelovale 772 majke koje su rodile u Kliničkoj bolnici “Sveti Duh” u Zagrebu u razdoblju od listopada 2010. do siječnja 2011. godine. Majke su u rodilištu ispunile upitnik koji je sadržavao pitanja o demografskim podatcima iteškoćama pri dojenju tijekom prvih 48 sati nakon porođaja te Skalu za mjerenje samoefi kasnosti dojenja (BSES-SF). Podatci o načinu prehrane novorođenčeta prikupljeni su iz medicinske dokumentacije. U statističkoj obradi podataka primijenjeni su χ2 test,Mann-Whitneyev test i Spearmanov koefi cijent korelacije. Teškoće pri dojenju izvijestilo je 450 (58,3%) majki. Nađena je značajnanegativna korelacija između broja teškoća i broja bodova ostvarenih na BSES-SF skali (rs= -0,33, p<0,001). Majke s niskom samoefi kasnošću dojenja češće su imale teškoće pri njemu (64,4% vs. 36,5%, p<0,001) i češće su djelomično dojile u usporedbi s majkamačija je samoefi kasnost visoka (69,5% vs. 30,5%, p<0,001). Zastupljenost pojedinih teškoća pri dojenju (teškoće s tehnikom dojenja,bolne i oštećene bradavice, zastoj mlijeka, percepcija nedovoljne količine mlijeka) bila je značajno češća u majki s niskom samoefi kasnošću dojenja. Rezultati pokazuju da majke s niskom samoefi kasnošću dojenja imaju povećan rizik za pojavu teškoća primjemu i odustajanje od isključivog dojenja tijekom boravka u rodilištu. Ova studija dodatno potvrđuje da je samoefi kasnost dojenjaznačajan čimbenik ranog ishoda dojenja.
Porođajni prijelomi bedrene kosti
Authors: Vrdoljak Ozren , Bumči Igor , Car Andrija , Župančić Božidar , Bastić Mislav , Barčot Zoran , Tufeković Dražen , Vrdoljak Javor 
Published: November 2024

Porođajni prijelomi bedrene kosti su rijetki. U Klinici za dječje bolesti Zagreb, u razdoblju od 1988. do 2013. godine, liječeno je 12-ero bolesnika s porođajnim prijelomom srednje i proksimalne trećine bedrene kosti u dobi do 1. mjeseca života. Najčešći rizični čimbenik bioje porođaj zatkom. Dijagnoza je postavljenja na temelju kliničkog pregleda i rengenske snimke. Bolesnici su liječeni ekstenzijom natkoljenice prema Bryant-u, sadrenom imobilizacijom te u novije vrijeme Pavlikovim remenčićima. U svih bolesnika je u 4. tjednu života došlodo stvaranja stabilnog koštanog kalusa, a usprkos značajnijem pomaku koštanih ulomaka, postignuta je odgovarajuća osovina bedrene kosti. Tijekom daljnjeg razvoja nije došlo do značajne razlike u dužini donjih ekstremiteta kao ni angulacije bedrene kosti
Primjena forenzične DNA analize: interdisciplinarna perspektiva
Authors: Projić Petar , Lauc Gordan , Primorac Dragan 
Published: November 2024

DNA analiza danas nedvojbeno ima nezamjenjivu ulogu u sveukupnim forenzičnim znanostima. Otkriće i primjena molekularnihSTR biljega značajno je unaprijedila forenzičnu DNA analizu. Najbolje ispitivani i najčešće uključivani u analize individualne i populacijske raznolikosti su tetranukleotidni STR biljezi.Uporaba SNP molekularnih biljega jedan je od novijih pristupa u populacijsko-genetičkim studijama, medicinskoj dijagnostici i testiranju identiteta. Najveći dio SNP-ova sastavni je dio nekodirajućeg dijela genoma, pa se smatra da su selektivno neutralni. Ipak,postoji određeni broj SNP-ova smještenih u kodirajućoj regiji genoma (cSNP) i oni mogu utjecati na razvoj različitih multifaktorskihbolesti. Za razliku od autosomnih biljega koji variraju kroz generacije, Y-vezani i mitohondrijski biljezi prolaze kroz generacijske barijere neizmijenjeni (u odsutnosti mutacija), zbog čega se često primjenjuju u populacijskoj, humanoj i forenzičnoj genetici zapraćenje roditeljskih linija. Kromosom Y ima važnu ulogu u slučajevima silovanja te kod utvrđivanja migracije pojedinih naroda.Razvojem molekularnih metoda proteklih godina uloga DNA analize u animalnoj i biljnoj forenzici postala je vrlo značajna. Brojsudskih predmeta u kojima su kao dokazi primjenjivani tragovi životinjskog i biljnog podrijetla značajno je porastao. DNA tehnologija također ima vrlo važnu ulogu u identifi kaciji mikroorganizama koje je moguće upotrijebiti radi bioterorističkog napada. Primjena utvrđivanja identiteta analizom DNA posebno je važna kod otkrivanja žrtava trgovine ljudima, žrtava seksualnog i radnogiskorištavanja te suzbijanja nezakonitih useljavanja i nezakonitih posvojenja. Najnoviji trend u području forenzične genetike je DNAfenotipizacija. Primjenom SNP biljega u procesu genotipizacije pokušavaju se predvidjeti pojedine fenotipske karakteristike, poputboje kože, očiju, kose i sl., radi utvrđivanja identiteta posmrtnih ostataka ili individualizacije osobe koja je ostavila biološki trag
Idiopatski spasmus nutans
Authors: Delin Sanja , Nađ Katarina Bošnjak , Harapin Mladen , Sessa Zoran , Juratovac Zlatko 
Published: November 2024

Spasmus nutans rijedak je idiopatski poremećaj koji se javlja u dojenčadi i male djece (najčešće između 4.-12. mjeseca života) i spontano prolazi nakon nekoliko mjeseci ili godina. Spasmus nutans uključuje klinički trijas: torticolis, klimanje glavom i nistagmus koji jeobično unilateralan, horizontalan, velike brzine i niske amplitude. Isti simptomi mogu biti udruženi i s ozbiljnim okularnimporemećajima poput strabizma, refrakcijskih anomalija, ambliopije, infantilnog idiopatskog nistagmusa, retinalnih bolesti (albinizam, akromatopsija, kongenitalno stacionarno noćno sljepilo) ili intrakranijskim poremećajima kao što je hipoplazija opticusa,gliomi opticusa ili hijazme, kraniofaringeomi, arahnoidalne ciste, talamičke neoplazme, neurodegenerativne bolesti središnjegživčanog sustava. U diferencijalnoj dijagnozi treba misliti i na benigni paroksizmalni torticolis. Dijagnostička obrada stoga nužnouključuje neuropedijatrijski i oftalmološki pregled, elektroencefalografi ju, metode slikovnog prikaza i elektrofi ziološko ispitivanje oka- vidne evocirane potencijale i elektroretinografi ju. U radu prikazujemo 22- mjesečnog dječaka s urednom perinatalnom anamnezom te urednim psihomotornim razvojem, koji od 8. mjeseca života povremeno naginje glavu na desnu stranu uz horizontalni nistagmus desnog oka i klimanje glavicom. Opsežnom dijagnostičkom obradom isključili smo moguće uzroke simptomatskog spasmusa nutansa te smatramo da je kod našeg bolesnika klinički trijas: torticolis, klimanje glavom i nistagmus idiopatski. Dječakće i dalje biti uključen u praćenje i dodatnu dijagnostičku obradu na kliničku indikaciju.
Clinical care ratios for, and tasks undertaken by, allied health professionals: A scoping review of the literature
Authors: Brown Arabella , El-Achkar Elias , Fragnito Francesca , Gosnell Sandra , Kelly Jocelyn , Kucharski Daniel , Priestly Alice , Kumar Saravana 
Published: November 2024

Background
With the increasing demand on the global health system and the presence of persistent healthcare disparities, it becomes imperative to utilize the full potential of the healthcare workforce, including allied health professionals (AHPs). To date, no review has mapped the literature on clinical care ratios (CCRs) for AHPs. This information is vital in guiding future work-force planning to address healthcare issues such as understaffed and at capacity hospitals. This scoping review mapped available evidence to offer a comprehensive insight into current AHP CCRs, enabling evidence-based decision-making that ensures optimal care and enhanced system efficiency.

Methods
The scoping review was undertaken using the ‘Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews’ (PRISMA-ScR). The search was conducted using Ovid (MEDLINE, Embase, Emcare, PsycINFO), CINAHL, the Cochrane Library, Scopus, PEDro, OTseeker and grey literature. Two reviewers independently screened records, following which data extraction was completed for the included studies. Descriptive synthesis was used to summarize the data.

Results
Of the 7670 records identified, 18 studies were included in this review. Whilst there was variability between AHPs on direct clinical time spent with patients, considerable amount of time was also spent on activities beyond direct clinical care. To offset this, literature highlights opportunities for allied health assistants and students to undertake tasks which would free-up AHPs to undertake more direct and higher-level tasks. However, limitations of findings (variability in measurement, lack of coverage of some professions) limits generalisability.

Conclusion
While the literature highlights considerable variability in CCRs among different AHP disciplines, it does appear nearly a nearly a third of time spent by AHPs are on tasks that are beyond direct clinical care. Future research could explore new workforce models which would free-up AHPs to undertake more direct and higher-level tasks.
Whole genome sequencing and antimicrobial resistance among clinical isolates of Shigella sonnei in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Authors: Ayele Basha , Mihret Adane , Mekonnen Zeleke , Sisay Tessema Tesfaye , Melaku Kalkidan , Nassir Maeruf Fetu , Ayele Abaysew , Alemayehu Dawit Hailu , Beyene Getenet 
Published: November 2024

Background
Shigellosis is an acute gastroenteritis infection and one of Ethiopia’s most common causes of morbidity and mortality, especially in children under five. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has spread quickly among Shigella species due to inappropriate antibiotic use, inadequacies of diagnostic facilities, and unhygienic conditions. This study aimed to characterize Shigella sonnei (S. sonnei) using whole genome sequence (WGS) analysis in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Methods
The raw reads were quality-filtered and trimmed, and a minimum length of 50bp was retained and taxonomically classified using MiniKraken version 1. The whole genome data were aligned with Antibiotic Resistance Gene (ARG) sequences of the Comprehensive Antibiotic Resistance Database (CARD) by Resistance Gene Identifier (RGI). Plasmids were analyzed using the PlasmidFinder tool version 2.1. Additionally, AMR and virulence genes were screened at the Centre for Genomic Epidemiology (CGE) web-based server.

Results
All isolates in our investigation contained genes encoding blaEC-8 and blaZEG-1. Here, 60.7% of the isolates were phenotypically sensitive to cefoxitin among the blaEC-8 genes detected in the genotyping analysis, whereas all isolates were completely resistant to amoxicillin and erythromycin phenotypically. The study also identified genes that conferred resistance to trimethoprim (dfrA). Plasmid Col156 and Col (BS512) types were found in all isolates, while IncFII and Col (MG828) plasmids were only identified in one isolate.

Conclusion
This study found that many resistant genes were present, confirming the high variety in S. sonnei strains and hence a divergence in phylogenetic relationships. Thus, combining WGS methods for AMR prediction and strain identification into active surveillance may be beneficial for monitoring the spread of AMR in S. sonnei and detecting the potential emergence of novel variations.
Disparities, Trends, and Predictions to 2040 in Gastrointestinal Cancer Incidence, Mortality in the United States
Authors: Huang Ying , Huang Hongbo , Wei Tingting , Zhang Aijie , Zhang Heng , Zhang Ze , Xu Yijing , Wang Ruiyao , Wan Ningyi , Li Xiaohan , Li Jiaying , Li Yunhai , Li Fan 
Published: November 2024

INTRODUCTION:
Growing gastrointestinal cancers in the United States necessitate further research due to substantial health care and economic impacts. The aim of this study was to analyze trends and future projections for 5 major gastrointestinal cancers (colorectal, pancreatic, liver, stomach, and esophageal).

METHODS:
Data were sourced from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database; National Center for Health Statistics; and Global Burden of Diseases databases. An age-period-cohort model using the Bayesian Information Criterion method was applied to project incidence and mortality rates to 2040.

RESULTS:
Men consistently exhibited higher incidence and mortality rates across all gastrointestinal cancers, with significant variation across the 51 US states. From 2000 to 2020, colorectal cancer incidence and mortality rates declined across all racial groups, except for the incidence rates of American Indian and Alaska Native (AIAN) men, Hispanic men, and Hispanic women, which remained stable. Pancreatic cancer incidence increased across all groups except for AIAN men, while mortality rates rose only for White men and Hispanic women. Liver cancer incidence rose among AIAN men and White, AIAN, and Hispanic women, while mortality rates declined for most groups. Stomach cancer incidence and mortality either declined or stabilized, and esophageal cancer rates showed a general decline. By 2040, increases in incidence and mortality are projected for most gastrointestinal cancers, particularly in men.

DISCUSSION:
Despite varied trends over the past 2 decades, an overall increase in gastrointestinal cancer incidence and mortality rates is anticipated in the next 20 years in the United States, underscoring the need for effective prevention and intervention strategies.
Women, Ecology And Children: A Study Of Ecofeminism In Indonesian Children's Literature
Authors: Setiyawan Radius , Yuyun Wahyu Izzati Surya  , Aribowo  , Setiyowati Arin 
Published: November 2024

Abstrak
Sastra diyakini memiliki peran dalam membentuk persepsi anak-anak tentang dunia, namun sayangnya cerita-cerita yang terkandung di dalamnya memiliki banyak bias gender. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis wacana Theo van Leeuwen untuk mendeteksi dan meneliti bagaimana perempuan dan alam mengalami eksklusi dari hubungan mereka dengan subjek lain. Beberapa praktik eksklusi yang disajikan antara lain: misogini/seksis, stereotip dan hubungan tidak setara lainnya yang dalam konteks ini digunakan untuk melihat hubungan antara gender dan alam. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa perempuan dan alam memiliki hubungan penting yang ditunjukkan melalui penggunaan metafora, latar alam, keberadaan tumbuhan dan hewan yang muncul langsung dalam cerita. Di bagian lain, alam dan perempuan tampaknya terpinggirkan karena keduanya digambarkan secara minor dan terus menerus diangkat sebagai objek. Di sisi lain, ada juga cerita yang dianalisis menunjukkan adanya simbolisme mutualisme antara alam dan perempuan dalam melawan dominasi patriarki.
Kata Kunci: Ekofeminisme, Sastra Anak, Perempuan, Ekologi
[Literature is believed to play a role in shaping children's perceptions of the world. Unfortunately, many stories contain significant gender bias. This study uses Theo van Leeuwen's discourse analysis to examine how women and nature experience exclusion from their relationships with other subjects. Several exclusion practices include misogyny/sexism, stereotypes, and unequal relationships, which in this context are used to explore the connection between gender and nature. The findings of this research indicate that women and nature share a significant relationship, as demonstrated through the use of metaphors, natural settings, and the presence of plants and animals that appear directly in the stories. In other part, nature and women seem marginalized as both are portrayed in minor roles and continuously presented as objects. On the other hand, stories are analyzed that reveal a mutual symbolism between nature and women in resisting patriarchal domination.]
Keywords: Ecofeminism, Children's Literature, Women, Ecology
Rozwój technologii kwantowej: wyzwania i aspekty regulacyjne. Przegląd wybranych zagadnień prawnych
Authors: Glaza-Jankowska Dorota 
Published: November 2024

In the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, quantum technology is entering the scene with the promise of radically changing the technological paradigm. Quantum computing, simulation, quantum communications and the combination of this technology with artificial intelligence are opening up new horizons of innovation that could revolutionize various industries. Along with its enormous potential, this technology brings legal, ethical and social challenges that require detailed analysis and an interdisciplinary approach. The industrial deployment of quantum technology entails dilemmas regarding human rights, cyber security and national security, as well as the risk of exacerbating inequality, technological exclusion and algorithmic discrimination. With regard to artificial intelligence enhanced by quantum computing technology, we can speak of a completely new facet of the problem of the opacity of algorithms, which is determined not only by the cognitive limitations of the human mind, but stems from the indefinability of the world described by the laws of quantum mechanics. In light of the above, the thesis can be advanced that the classical approach to the principle of transparency and the postulates of creating algorithms that will clearly present the path to the final result, which are part of the broad current of creating ethical and explainable artificial intelligence, may prove difficult to realize in relation to Quantum AI. In the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, we are therefore faced with the challenge of implementing new instruments for testing, certifying and inspecting algorithms, such as tools for analyzing and visualizing the results of quantum algorithms, which will be suited to the specifics of Quantum AI and ensure the ethical correctness of the systems. This article will identify selected areas of application of quantum technology, and thus the potential benefits and risks of quantum technology, and also analyze the need to develop ethical and legal standards that allow for the sustainable and socially responsible development of these disruptive technologies.
In silico analysis of ventricular action potential with a current–voltage‐time representation: Thresholds, membrane resistance, repolarization reserve
Authors: Zaniboni Massimiliano 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe waveform of ventricular action potential (AP) is a key determinant of the cardiac cycle, a marker of beating pathophysiology, and a target for anti‐arrhythmic drug design. The information contained in the waveform, though, is limited to the actual dynamics of the AP under consideration. By measuring quasi‐instantaneous current–voltage relationships during repolarization, I propose a three‐dimensional representation of the ventricular AP which includes potential dynamic responses that the beat can show when electrically perturbed. This representation is described in the case of a numerically reconstructed ventricular AP, but it can be, at least partially, derived in real cardiomyocytes. Simulation allows to disclose the potentialities and the limitations of the approach, that can be extended to any non‐cardiac AP. By reporting, at any AP time, the ion current available within the physiological membrane potential range at that time, the representation makes all together available: (1) refractory period, (2) thresholds for eliciting full or calcium‐driven APs, (3) threshold for all‐or‐none repolarization, (4) membrane resistance during repolarization, (5) the safety of membrane repolarization. It provides further evidence of a negative membrane resistance during the late phase of ventricular AP and a quantitative estimate of repolarization reserve (RR), key determinants of repolarization dynamics.
Fichte’s Method of Philosophical Experimentation in the
Grundlage der gesamten Wissenschaftslehre
Authors: Schmid Jelscha 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Throughout different versions of the Wissenschaftslehre, J. G. Fichte uses the term ‘experiment’ in reference to his philosophical method. This paper presents an account of Fichte’s methodological understanding of experiments in philosophy and their role in the Grundlage der gesamten Wissenschaftslehre (1794/95). I show that Fichte in Part One and Two of the Grundlage describes and conducts a type of philosophical experiment that draws on key elements of Kant’s conception of an “experiment of pure reason” in the Critique of Pure Reason. On this account, Fichte introduces the notion of a philosophical experiment to explain how the Grundlage can establish its foundational principles by virtue of a synthetic method. Moreover, I argue that Fichte in Part Two further distinguishes between explorative and demonstrative experiments, each serving a distinctive role in proving the possibility and reality of theoretical knowledge. By way of this reading, I arrive at new conclusions concerning Fichte’s conception of the synthetic procedure to be employed in philosophy and the argumentative strategies employed in the Grundlage.
Traiettorie del primo antidantismo: Dante da Maiano, Cino da Pistoia e Cecco d’Ascoli
Authors: Ferrilli Sara 
Published: November 2024

Riassunto
Es ist bekannt, dass Dantes Werk von seinen Zeitgenossen sofort geschätzt und anerkannt wurde. Ebenso bekannt ist freilich, dass vor allem die Vita Nova und die Commedia heftige Kritik und Anfechtung hervorriefen, die in einigen Fällen sogar Auswirkungen auf Alighieris persönliche Beziehungen hatten. Der Beitrag wird einige dieser Fälle analysieren und zeigen, wie das Porträt Dantes, das sich daraus ergibt, und die Kritik an seinem Werk, die oft philosophischer und theologischer Natur war, zu wiederkehrenden Motiven des frühen Antidantismus wurden. Die Aufmerksamkeit gilt dem Zyklus von Sonetten, der Dantes dichterischen Wortwechsel mit Dante da Maiano darstellt, um dann auf den Austausch zwischen Alighieri und Cino da Pistoia einzugehen, der zum endgültigen Bruch zwischen den beiden und zu den Anti-Commedia-Sonetten des reifen Cino führt. Schließlich wird untersucht, wie einige dieser Themen in einer polemischen Tonart von Cecco d’Ascoli wiederverwendet werden. Durch die Rekonstruktion des frühen Antidantismus soll gezeigt werden, wie die ersten Kritiker einige der problematischen Punkte in Dantes Werk erfassten und sich gleichzeitig als gute Exegeten sowohl des lyrischen Dante als auch der drei Gesänge erwiesen.
Choroidal and retinal alteration after long-term use of tadalafil: a prospective non-randomized clinical trial
Authors: D’Andrea Luca , Califano Gianluigi , Abate Marco , Capece Marco , Ruvolo Claudia Collà , Crocetto Felice , Passaro Maria Laura , Cennamo Gilda , Costagliola Ciro 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objectives
The purpose of this study is to investigate choroidal and retinal vascular features in patients taking PDE5is by measuring dynamic vascular alterations and neurostructural features of the retina before and after oral tadalafil administration.

Methods
The current clinical research involved 22 patients treated with tadalafil 20 mg on alternate days (OAD) after nerve-sparing robotic radical prostatectomy (NS-RARP) for prostate cancer. Patients underwent SD-OCT to assess ganglion cell complex (GCC), retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), and subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT), as well as OCTA to assess superficial capillary plexus (SCP), deep capillary plexus (DCP), choriocapillaris (CC), foveal avascular zone (FAZ), and radial peripapillary capillary thickness (RPC). All patients were evaluated at baseline (t0), and 3 (t1) and 6 (t2) months after the use of oral tadalafil.

Results
A statistically significant reduction in DCP and CC vessel density was found at t2 compared to baseline. According to the SFCT parameter, a statistically significant increase was observed from t0 to t1, and from t1 to t2. GCC parameter increased at t2 compared to baseline in a statistically significant way. No statistically significant differences were recorded between t0, t1 and t2 for the SCP, RPC, FAZ area, RNFL parameter.

Conclusions
Retinal and optic disc toxicity may be detected using modifications of capillary vessel density. Further studies are needed to detect the possible progression or regression of ocular or systemic vascular complications in long-term follow-up.