bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the preventive and therapeutic effects of a recombinant vector co‐expressing prostate‐specific stem cell antigen and Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin on prostate cancer in rats
Authors: Abedi Saied , Doosti Abbas , Jami Mohammad‐Saied 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe effects of Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (CPE) and prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA) on cancer prevention or treatment have been previously studied separately. For the first time, here we have elaborated a recombinant vector to co‐express and study the cumulative effects of both of these factors on prostate cancer (PCa) in an animal model. The recombinant pBudCE4.1‐cpe‐PSCA vector was constructed in large scale. Rats were vaccinated by vector or vector plus chitosan nanoparticles before or after induction of PCa (preventive or therapeutic studies) by N‐methyl N‐nitrosurea and testosterone. Prostate tumors were weighed and histologically examined. Tumors and infusion site tissues as well as blood samples of all rats were collected and assessed by serological and molecular tests. We showed that vaccination with vector (along with or without nanoparticles) led to lower PCa incidence and tumor weight. The L‐1β, IL6, and TNF‐α serum levels and their gene expression accompanied by C‐CAM1 gene expression in vaccinated groups were significantly higher than controls while no difference was seen in CK20 expression among all groups. Our findings showed that vector could effectively stimulate the immune system of rats to either prevent or suppress the PCa tumors. Adding chitosan nanoparticles did not affect the results significantly.
Changes in conditional net survival and dynamic prognostic factors in patients with newly diagnosed metastatic prostate cancer initially treated with androgen deprivation therapy
Authors: Narita Shintaro , Nomura Kyoko , Hatakeyama Shingo , Takahashi Masahiro , Sakurai Toshihiko , Kawamura Sadafumi , Hoshi Senji , Ishida Masanori , Kawaguchi Toshiaki , Ishidoya Shigeto , Shimoda Jiro , Sato Hiromi , Mitsuzuka Koji , Tochigi Tatsuo , Tsuchiya Norihiko , Ohyama Chikara , Arai Yoichi , Nagashima Kengo , Habuchi Tomonori 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to identify predictive factors associated with conditional net survival in patients with metastatic hormone‐naive prostate cancer (mHNPC) initially treated with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT).MethodsAt nine hospitals in Tohoku, Japan, the medical records of 605 consecutive patients with mHNPC who initially received ADT were retrospectively reviewed. The Pohar Perme estimator was used to calculate conditional net cancer‐specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS) for up to 5 years subsequent to the diagnosis. Using multiple imputation, proportional hazard ratios for conditional CSS and OS were calculated with adjusted Cox regression models.ResultsDuring a median follow up of 2.95 years, 208 patients died, of which 169 died due to progressive prostate cancer. At baseline, the 5‐year CSS and OS rates were 65.5% and 58.2%, respectively. Conditional 5‐year net CSS and OS survival gradually increased for all the patients. In patients given a 5‐year survivorship, the conditional 5‐year net CSS and OS rates improved to 0.906 and 0.811, respectively. Only the extent of disease score (EOD) ≥2 remained a prognostic factor for CSS and OS up to 5 years; as survival time increased, other variables were no longer independent prognostic factors.ConclusionsThe conditional 5‐year net CSS and OS in patients with mHNPC gradually increased; thus, the risk of mortality decreased with increasing survival. The patient's risk profile changed over time. EOD remained an independent prognostic factor for CSS and OS after 5‐year follow‐up. Conditional net survival can play a role in clinical decision‐making, providing intriguing information for cancer survivors.
USP9X stabilizes BRCA1 and confers resistance to DNA‐damaging agents in human cancer cells
Authors: Lu Qin , Zhang Fang‐Lin , Lu Da‐Yun , Shao Zhi‐Ming , Li Da-Qiang 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBRCA1, a multifunctional protein with an important role in DNA double‐strand break repair by homologous recombination (HR), is subjected to ubiquitin‐dependent degradation. To date, several E3 ubiquitin ligases have been identified to govern BRCA1 stability, but the deubiquitinase that counteracts its turnover remains undefined. In this study, we report that the ubiquitin‐specific protease 9X (USP9X) is a bona fide deubiquitinase for BRCA1 in human cancer cells. Reciprocal immunoprecipitation assays demonstrated that USP9X interacted with BRCA1. Depletion of USP9X by short interfering RNAs or inhibition of USP9X by the small‐molecular inhibitor WP1130 significantly reduced BRCA1 protein abundance, without affecting its mRNA levels. In contrast, overexpression of wild‐type USP9X, but not its deubiquitinase activity‐defective mutant (C1566S), resulted in an upregulation of BRCA1 protein levels. Moreover, USP9X depletion reduced the half‐life of BRCA1, accompanied by an increase in its ubiquitination. HR assays showed that knockdown of USP9X significantly reduced HR efficiency, which was partially rescued by reintroduction of BRCA1 into USP9X‐depleted cells. In support of these findings, USP9X knockdown significantly enhanced sensitivity to PARP inhibitor Olaparib and methyl methanesulfonate (MMS). Collectively, these results establish USP9X as a deubiquitinase for BRCA1 and reveal a previously unrecognized role of USP9X in the regulation of HR repair and the sensitivity of cancer cells to DNA‐damaging agents.
Lingual Incision Subperiosteal Tunnel Access: Proof of Concept 18‐Month Follow‐Up
Authors: Alves Joana Paiva , Marques Tiago Miguel , Malta Santos Nuno Bernardo , Correia Sousa Manuel , Coutinho Alves Célia , Correia André Ricardo 
Published: September 2019

IntroductionGingival recession is a common manifestation in most populations. The mechanism by which gingival recession occurs is not well understood but it seems to be complex and multifactorial. The main etiological factors are the accumulation of dental plaque biofilm with the resulting inflammatory periodontal diseases and mechanical trauma due to faulty oral hygiene technique, especially in thin biotypes.Case PresentationThis case report describes the treatment of lingual recessions associated with bone loss, with a lingual incision subperiosteal tunnel access (LISTA) technique associated with a connective tissue graft. Nine months after the surgery, clinically significant root coverage and increased thickness of keratinized tissue were achieved; the patient was observed at 9, 12, and 18 months.ConclusionThe clinical results, although without 100% root coverage, satisfied the patient entirely. LISTA technique associated with a connective tissue graft is a promising alternative for minimally invasive treatment of multiple lingual gingival recessions.
Uno Ferro, a de novo Designed Protein, Binds Transition Metals with High Affinity and Stabilizes Semiquinone Radical Anion
Authors: Yoon Jennifer H. , Kulesha Alona V. , Lengyel‐Zhand Zsofia , Volkov Alexander N. , Rempillo Joel J. , D'Souza Areetha , Costeas Christos , Chester Cara , Caselle Elizabeth R. , Makhlynets Olga V. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractMetalloenzymes often utilize radicals in order to facilitate chemical reactions. Recently, DeGrado and co‐workers have discovered that model proteins can efficiently stabilize semiquinone radical anion produced by oxidation of 3,5‐di‐tert‐butylcatechol (DTBC) in the presence of two zinc ions. Here, we show that the number and the nature of metal ions have relatively minor effect on semiquinone stabilization in model proteins, with a single metal ion being sufficient for radical stabilization. The radical is stabilized by both metal ion, hydrophobic sequestration, and interactions with the hydrophilic residues in the protein interior resulting in a remarkable, nearly 500 mV change in the redox potential of the SQ.−/catechol couple compared to bulk aqueous solution. Moreover, we have created 4G‐UFsc, a single metal ion‐binding protein with pm affinity for zinc that is higher than any other reported model systems and is on par with many natural zinc‐containing proteins. We expect that the robust and easy‐to‐modify DFsc/UFsc family of proteins will become a versatile tool for mechanistic model studies of metalloenzymes.
Aluminium ions in everyday life – how harmful are they?
Authors: Rößler Tina , Heimann Rebekka 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIm Rahmen dieses Beitrags wird eine Unterrichtseinheit zu Nachweis, Aufnahme und möglichen Auswirkungen von Aluminium‐Ionen vorgestellt. Sie wurde in der Stufe 10 des Gymnasiums erprobt. Außer der Vernetzung von biologischen und chemischen Inhalten soll ein Einblick in aktuelle Forschung ermöglicht werden.
Chinese‐Australian women with breast cancer call for culturally appropriate information and improved communication with health professionals
Authors: Levesque Janelle V. , Gerges Martha , Wu Verena S. , Girgis Afaf 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundFor culturally and linguistically diverse patients, breast cancer presents complex physical, psychosocial, and health care challenges, often exacerbated by a lack of culturally appropriate information and communication barriers with the treating team (even with the help of interpreters).AimThis qualitative study aims to broadly explore the experience of breast cancer and coping strategies utilized by Chinese‐Australian women.Methods and resultsTwenty‐four Chinese‐Australian women with breast cancer participated in either a semi‐structured interview or a focus group conducted in participants' preferred language, audio‐recorded, transcribed, and subjected to thematic analysis. Two prominent themes emerged, related to information seeking, and communication with health care professionals. The theme of information needs and seeking highlighted unmet information needs and the multiple sources that are consulted for information. The second theme, communication with health care professionals, language barriers, and preferences, identified varying degrees of involvement in treatment decision‐making, preference for information and interactions in Cantonese or Mandarin, and problems with interpreter services.ConclusionChinese women with breast cancer face significant challenges in obtaining adequate information and can feel excluded from treatment decision‐making. Women in this study expressed their eagerness for obtaining accurate information and engaging in open communication with their doctors. There is a need for culturally sensitive information resources and decision aids to enhance communication between Chinese migrant patients with cancer and health care professionals. Clinician participation in cultural awareness training is also recommended.
Photochromic Response and Steady‐State Photoconductivity of Fibrous‐Reticulated α‐MoO3 Thin Films Prepared by Modified Spray Pyrolysis Technique
Authors: Badr Aly M. , Afify Hassan H. , El‐Anssary Elham H. , Elshaikh Haroun A. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA modified spray pyrolysis technique is used for preparing α‐MoO3 thin films after subsequent heat treatment at a relatively low temperature. The spray parameters are selected through a wide variety of elaboration conditions for best photochromic features. Different numbers of spraying and drying cycles are performed to investigate the thickness effect on the structural, morphological, optical, electrical, and photo‐electrical properties of the nanostructured α‐MoO3 films. These film samples are characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and thus the film thickness effect is elucidated and correlated to the crystallite shape and size. The SEM micrographs show fibrous‐reticulated morphology for all the film samples investigated here. The photochromic properties of α‐MoO3 sprayed thin films are investigated by measuring the transmission spectra before and after UV‐light exposure. The changes in the optical transmission of these film samples are monitored for different exposure times. The UV exposure time effect as well as the thickness effect on the photochromic response of the film samples is investigated and discussed based on the particle size analysis. The photosensitivity is evaluated in various illumination levels to elucidate the carrier transport in the α‐MoO3 films and to determine the type of the recombination processes in these films.
Security and key management in IoT‐based wireless sensor networks: An authentication protocol using symmetric key
Authors: Ghani Anwar , Mansoor Khwaja , Mehmood Shahid , Chaudhry Shehzad Ashraf , Rahman Arif Ur , Najmus Saqib Malik 
Published: September 2019

SummaryWireless sensor networks (WSN) consist of hundreds of miniature sensor nodes to sense various events in the surrounding environment and report back to the base station. Sensor networks are at the base of internet of things (IoT) and smart computing applications where a function is performed as a result of sensed event or information. However, in resource‐limited WSN authenticating a remote user is a vital security concern. Recently, researchers put forth various authentication protocols to address different security issues. Gope et al presented a protocol claiming resistance against known attacks. A thorough analysis of their protocol shows that it is vulnerable to user traceability, stolen verifier, and denial of service (DoS) attacks. In this article, an enhanced symmetric key‐based authentication protocol for IoT‐based WSN has been presented. The proposed protocol has the ability to counter user traceability, stolen verifier, and DoS attacks. Furthermore, the proposed protocol has been simulated and verified using Proverif and BAN logic. The proposed protocol has the same communication cost as the baseline protocol; however, in computation cost, it has 52.63% efficiency as compared with the baseline protocol.
Secure and efficient scheme for fast initial link setup against key reinstallation attacks in IEEE 802.11ah networks
Authors: Zhang Lyuye , Ma Maode 
Published: September 2019

SummaryIEEE 802.11ah is a recently released IEEE standard to specify a wireless communication system with a long‐range, low‐power, and low data transmission rate over smart devices used in Internet of Things (IoT) systems. This new standard belongs to IEEE 802.11 wireless local area networks (WLANs) protocol family. It requires lightweight protocols to support the low‐power and low‐latency features of the IoT devices. On the other hand, an upcoming solution of fast initial link setup (FILS) specified by IEEE 802.11ai standard is a brand‐new approach aiming to establish fast and secure links among devices in WLANs to meet this new demand. It is natural and feasible to apply it to the 802.11ah networks to support massively deployed wireless nodes. However, security concerns on the link connection by the FILS scheme have not been fully eliminated, especially in the authentication process. It has been explored that a type of recently revealed malicious attack, key reinstallation attack (KRA) might be a threat to the FILS authentication. To prevent the success of the KRAs, in this paper, we proposed a secure and efficient FILS (SEF) protocol as the optional substitute of the FILS scheme. The SEF scheme is designed to eradicate potential threats from the KRAs without degrading the network performance.
Leisure‐time cross‐country skiing is associated with lower incidence of type 2 diabetes: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Kunutsor Setor K. , Mäkikallio Timo H. , Kauhanen Jussi , Voutilainen Ari , Jae Sae Young , Dey Richard S. , Kurl Sudhir , Laukkanen Jari A. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundCross‐country skiing is associated with reduction in risk of adverse vascular outcomes, but its association with type 2 diabetes is uncertain. We aimed to assess the associations between leisure‐time cross‐country skiing habits and incident type 2 diabetes.MethodsWe analysed the data of 2483 middle‐aged men with no history of diabetes at baseline in the Kuopio Ischemic Heart Disease prospective study. The frequency, average duration, and intensity of leisure cross‐country skiing were assessed at baseline using a 12‐month physical activity questionnaire. Hazard ratios (HRs) (95% CIs) for type 2 diabetes were estimated.ResultsDuring a median follow‐up of 21.6 years, 539 men developed type 2 diabetes. Type 2 diabetes risk decreased with increasing total volume of cross‐country skiing up to 1,215 metabolic equivalent task (MET) hours/year. In analyses adjusted for several established risk factors, when compared with men with no cross‐country skiing activity, the HRs (95% CIs) for type 2 diabetes were 0.75 (0.62‐0.92) and 0.59 (0.46‐0.76) for men who did 1‐200 and >200 MET hours/year of cross‐country skiing, respectively. Compared with men with no cross‐country skiing activity, the corresponding adjusted HRs (95% CIs) for type 2 diabetes were 0.73 (0.60‐0.89) and 0.64 (0.50‐0.82) for men who did 1‐60 and >60 minutes/week of cross‐country skiing, respectively. The associations remained consistent following further adjustment for prevalent comorbidities.ConclusionTotal volume and duration of leisure‐time cross‐country skiing are each inversely and independently associated with future type 2 diabetes risk in a male population. Cross‐country skiing undertaken as a leisure activity has the potential to promote public health.
Evidence of region‐wide bat population decline from long‐term monitoring and Bayesian occupancy models with empirically informed priors
Authors: Rodhouse Thomas J. , Rodriguez Rogelio M. , Banner Katharine M. , Ormsbee Patricia C. , Barnett Jenny , Irvine Kathryn M. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractStrategic conservation efforts for cryptic species, especially bats, are hindered by limited understanding of distribution and population trends. Integrating long‐term encounter surveys with multi‐season occupancy models provides a solution whereby inferences about changing occupancy probabilities and latent changes in abundance can be supported. When harnessed to a Bayesian inferential paradigm, this modeling framework offers flexibility for conservation programs that need to update prior model‐based understanding about at‐risk species with new data. This scenario is exemplified by a bat monitoring program in the Pacific Northwestern United States in which results from 8 years of surveys from 2003 to 2010 require updating with new data from 2016 to 2018. The new data were collected after the arrival of bat white‐nose syndrome and expansion of wind power generation, stressors expected to cause population declines in at least two vulnerable species, little brown bat (Myotis lucifugus) and the hoary bat (Lasiurus cinereus). We used multi‐season occupancy models with empirically informed prior distributions drawn from previous occupancy results (2003–2010) to assess evidence of contemporary decline in these two species. Empirically informed priors provided the bridge across the two monitoring periods and increased precision of parameter posterior distributions, but did not alter inferences relative to use of vague priors. We found evidence of region‐wide summertime decline for the hoary bat ( = 0.86 ± 0.10) since 2010, but no evidence of decline for the little brown bat ( = 1.1 ± 0.10). White‐nose syndrome was documented in the region in 2016 and may not yet have caused regional impact to the little brown bat. However, our discovery of hoary bat decline is consistent with the hypothesis that the longer duration and greater geographic extent of the wind energy stressor (collision and barotrauma) have impacted the species. These hypotheses can be evaluated and updated over time within our framework of pre–post impact monitoring and modeling. Our approach provides the foundation for a strategic evidence‐based conservation system and contributes to a growing preponderance of evidence from multiple lines of inquiry that bat species are declining.
A comprehensive measure of attitudes and behaviour: Development of the Support for Gender Equality among Men Scale
Authors: Sudkämper Antonia , Ryan Michelle K. , Kirby Teri A. , Morgenroth Thekla 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIn this article, we develop and validate the 16‐item Support for Gender Equality among Men Scale across four studies. Drawing on exploratory (Study 1, n = 322) and confirmatory (Study 2, n = 358; Study 4, n = 192) factor analysis, we determine a two‐factor structure: public and domestic support for gender equality. In Study 3 (n = 146) and Study 4, we validate the scale by establishing its relationship with, among others, several prominent measures of sexism, a behavioural measure, and social desirability. The scale fills a psychometric gap in the literature: To date, no validated measure of support for gender equality, measuring both attitudes and behavioural intentions and focusing specifically on men, exists. Considering the recent increase in interest in men as allies of the feminist movement the scale functions as a useful tool to explore the topic in depth in future research.
Quantifying brain metabolism from FDG‐PET images into a probability of Alzheimer's dementia score
Authors: Yee Evangeline , Popuri Karteek , Beg Mirza Faisal ,   the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: September 2019

Abstract18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG‐PET) enables in‐vivo capture of the topographic metabolism patterns in the brain. These images have shown great promise in revealing the altered metabolism patterns in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The AD pathology is progressive, and leads to structural and functional alterations that lie on a continuum. There is a need to quantify the altered metabolism patterns that exist on a continuum into a simple measure. This work proposes a 3D convolutional neural network with residual connections that generates a probability score useful for interpreting the FDG‐PET images along the continuum of AD. This network is trained and tested on images of stable normal control and stable Dementia of the Alzheimer's type (sDAT) subjects, achieving an AUC of 0.976 via repeated fivefold cross‐validation. An independent test set consisting of images in between the two extreme ends of the DAT spectrum is used to further test the generalization performance of the network. Classification performance of 0.811 AUC is achieved in the task of predicting conversion of mild cognitive impairment to DAT for conversion time of 0–3 years. The saliency and class activation maps, which highlight the regions of the brain that are most important to the classification task, implicate many known regions affected by DAT including the posterior cingulate cortex, precuneus, and hippocampus.
Evaluation of oncologic outcomes in head and neck cancer patients ≥80 years old based on adherence to NCCN guideline for postoperative adjuvant treatment
Authors: Roden Dylan , Daniels Kelly , Metkus James , Goldman Richard , Walsh Amanda , Johnson Jennifer , Hamilton James , Keane William , Chapman Andrew , Bar‐Ad Voichita , Sweeny Larissa , Curry Joseph , Cognetti David , Luginbuhl Adam 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundThere is a paucity of literature characterizing outcomes in older adult patients with head and neck cancer (HNC). This study aims to describe patients from this group, their adherence to National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) adjuvant treatment guidelines, and the impact of guideline adherence on overall survival (OS).MethodsIn this retrospective cohort study, we reviewed all patients ≥80 years old with HNC who underwent surgery with curative intent from 2008 to 2016. Adherence to NCCN guidelines was determined in blinded fashion, and quality metrics and OS were compared.ResultsOne hundred fifty‐nine patients met inclusion criteria. The majority of patients (n = 94, 59%) underwent treatment in accordance with NCCN recommendations while 65 (41%) deviated from NCCN guidelines. The two cohorts did not demonstrate a difference in 2‐year OS (62% vs 66%, P = .50).ConclusionOlder adult patient outcomes were not different when treatment deviated from NCCN guidelines.