bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Desferrioxamine and dextromethorphan combination exhibited synergistic effect and reversed the catalepsy behaviour in 6-hydroxydopamine hydroydopamine administered rats through regulating brain glutamate levels
Authors: Mannan Thodukayil Navaf , Antony Justin , Thomas Peet , Jeyarani Victoria , Choephel Tenzin , Manisha Chennu , Jose Asha , Karolina Sahadevan Santilna , Kannan Elango 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Objective
To investigate the effect of desferrioxamine (DFO) and dextromethorphan (DXM) combination in animal model of Parkinson's disease (PD).

Methods
The PD was induced in rats through intracerebroventricular administration of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) using stereotaxic apparatus. The animals were subjected to behavioural assessments and neurobiochemicals estimation followed by immunohistochemistry staining of neuron specific enolase (NSE) in striatum.

Key findings
Desferrioxamine and DXM combination has significantly reversed the catalepsy behaviour and elevated the antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, GSH) and dopamine levels. Interestingly, the level of glutamate, nitric oxide, cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α) and NSE expressions were found to be decreased in striatum region of 6-OHDA-administered rats. The combination of DFO and DXM has shown synergism in most of the parameters studied, when compared to per se treatment.

Conclusions
The reversal of catalepsy behaviour represents the protective effect of above combination on dopamine neurons in striatum from 6-OHDA toxicity. The mechanism of DFO and DXM combination might be attributed through attenuation of glutamate-induced excitotoxicity in neurons through ameliorating the reactive oxygen species and pro-inflammatory cytokines release. Treatment with DFO and DXM combination could control the multiple events in the pathogenesis of PD.
Evaluation of serum thymidine kinase 1 activity as a biomarker for treatment effectiveness and prediction of relapse in dogs with non‐Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Boyé Pierre , Floch Franck , Serres François , Geeraert Kévyn , Clerson Pierre , Siomboing Xavier , Bergqvist Mattias , Sack Gabriel , Tierny Dominique 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundSerum thymidine kinase 1 (sTK1) activity is closely correlated with DNA synthesis.ObjectivesEvaluate sTK1 activity as a biomarker for treatment response and early detection of relapse in dogs with lymphoma.AnimalsNinety‐seven client‐owned dogs with naive or relapsed lymphoma and 23 healthy dogs.MethodsProspective study. Serum TK1 activity measured by refined ELISA‐based method (DiviTum assay, Biovica International) before treatment, at clinical response, and every 4 weeks until relapse or last follow‐up.ResultsSerum TK1 activity was ≤20 Du/L in 96% (22/23) of healthy dogs. Pretreatment sTK1 activity was >20 Du/L in 88% (85/97) dogs with lymphoma. At clinical response, sTK1 activity was significantly lower in dogs with complete (CR, n = 36) versus partial (PR, n = 29) response (P< .0001). Sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp) of sTK1 activity for detecting nonfully responders were 76% and 100%, respectively, with cutoff of 119.5 Du/L (AUC, 0.90; 95%‐CI, 0.81‐0.98;P< .0001). In dogs with CR, a 5‐fold increase in sTK1 activity at a 4‐week interval predicted relapse at the subsequent 4‐week assessment with a Se 50% and Sp 94% (AUC, 0.72; 95%‐CI, 0.55‐0.90;P= .02). An increase of sTK1 activity (>2.7‐fold value measured at clinical response) predicted relapse at subsequent 4‐week assessment with a Se 61% and Sp 88% (AUC, 0.79; 95%‐CI, 0.64‐0.95;P= .004).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceMonitoring sTK1 activity could help to detect complete responders and early disease progression in dogs with lymphoma.
Testing the genetic relationship between fluid alteration and brecciation in CM chondrites
Authors: Verdier‐Paoletti Maximilien J. , Marrocchi Yves , Vacher Lionel G. , Gattacceca Jérôme , Gurenko Andrey , Sonzogni Corinne , Gounelle Matthieu 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBoriskino is a poorly studied CM chondrite with numerous millimeter‐ to centimeter‐scale clasts exhibiting sharp boundaries. Clast textures and mineralogies attest to diverse geological histories with various degrees of aqueous alteration. We conducted a petrographic, chemical, and isotopic study on each clast type of the breccia to investigate if there exists a genetic link between brecciation and aqueous alteration, and to determine the controlling parameter of the extent of alteration. Boriskino is dominated by CM2 clasts for which no specific petrographic type could be assigned based on the chemical compositions and modal abundances of constituents. One clast stands out and is identified as a CM1 lithology, owing to its lack of anhydrous silicates and its overall abundance of dolomite‐like carbonates and acicular iron sulfides. We observe that alteration phases near clast boundaries exhibit foliation features, suggesting that brecciation postdated aqueous alteration. We measured the O‐isotopic composition of Ca‐carbonates and dolomite‐like carbonates to determine their precipitation temperatures following the methodology of Verdier‐Paoletti et al. (2017). Both types of carbonates yield similar ranges of precipitation temperatures independent of clast lithology, ranging from −13.9 ± 22.4 (2σ) to 166.5 ± 47.3 °C, precluding that temperature alone accounts for the differences between the CM1 and CM2 lithologies. Instead, we suggest that initial water/rock ratios of 0.75 and 0.61 for the CM1 and CM2 clasts, respectively, might control the extent of aqueous alteration. Based on these estimates, we suggest that Boriskino clasts originated from a single parent body with heterogeneous distribution of water either due to local differences in the material permeability or in the initial content of ice available. These conditions would have produced microenvironments with differing geochemical conditions thus leading to a range of degrees of aqueous alteration.
Kierkegaard and Gift: The Problem with ‘Kenotic Love’ in Light of Kierkegaard's ‘Gift Theory’
Authors: Lahaie Myka S. H. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIn recent theology, kenosis has become a popular focal point around which to organize a concept of love. I locate one reason for such popularity in a response to the problematizing of love within postmodern theory. I then explore how Kierkegaard anticipates postmodern debates surrounding love and gift‐theory while addressing significant questions differently, and within the context of a theology of creation. I argue that when his ‘gift theory’ and account of love are read in connection, far from defining love with a singular emphasis on kenotic ‘self‐gift,’ Kierkegaard is seen to delineate a much broader vision of love which might inform our current context.
Gut epithelial and vascular barrier abnormalities in patients with chronic intestinal pseudo‐obstruction
Authors: Boschetti Elisa , Accarino Anna , Malagelada Carolina , Malagelada Juan R. , Cogliandro Rosanna F. , Gori Alessandra , Tugnoli Vitaliano , Giancola Fiorella , Bianco Francesca , Bonora Elena , Clavenzani Paolo , Volta Umberto , Caio Giacomo , Sternini Catia , Stanghellini Vincenzo , Azpiroz Fernando , De Giorgio Roberto 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundChronic intestinal pseudo‐obstruction (CIPO) is a rare condition due to severe impairment of gut motility responsible for recurrent subocclusive episodes. Although neuromuscular‐glial‐ICC abnormalities represent the main pathogenetic mechanism, the pathophysiology of CIPO remains poorly understood. Intestinal epithelial and vascular endothelial barrier (IEVB) abnormalities can contribute to neuroepithelial changes by allowing passage of harmful substances.MethodsTo test retrospectively whether IEVB defects occur in patients with CIPO, we measured the jejunal protein expression of the major tight junction (TJ) components. CIPO patients were subdivided according to gut neuromuscular histopathology: apparently normal (AN); with inflammation (INF); or with degenerative alterations (DEG). The presence of occludin/claudin oligomers (index of TJ assembly), the amount of occludin, claudin‐4, and zonula occludens‐1 (ZO‐1), and the expression of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) immunoreactivities were evaluated on jejunal full‐thickness biopsies using Western blot.Key ResultsOligomers were absent in the 73% of CIPO. Total occludin decreased in CIPO with AN and INF changes. Claudin‐4 was upregulated in CIPO with INF and DEG features. ZO‐1 and VIP expression decreased selectively in DEG group. GFAP increased in CIPO regardless the histopathological phenotype.Conclusions & InferencesThe absence of oligomers demonstrated in our study suggests that IEBV is altered in CIPO. The mechanism leading to oligomerization is occludin‐dependent in AN and INF, whereas is ZO‐1‐dependent in DEG. Our study provides support to IEVB abnormalities contributing to CIPO clinical and histopathological features.
AtCAF‐1 mutants show different DNA damage responses after ultraviolet‐B than those activated by other genotoxic agents in leaves
Authors: Maulión Evangelina , Gomez María Sol , Bustamante Claudia Anabel , Casati Paula 
Published: May 2019

AbstractChromatin assembly factor‐1 (CAF‐1) is a histone H3/H4 chaperone that participates in DNA and chromatin interaction processes. In this manuscript, we show that organs from CAF‐1 deficient plants respond differently to ultraviolet‐B (UV‐B) radiation than to other genotoxic stresses. For example, CAF‐1 deficient leaves tolerate better UV‐B radiation, showing lower cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer (CPD) accumulation, lower inhibition of cell proliferation, increased cell wall thickness, UV‐B absorbing compounds, and ploidy levels, whereas previous data from different groups have shown that CAF‐1 mutants show shortening of telomeres, loss of 45S rDNA, and increased homologous recombination, phenotypes associated to DNA breaks. Interestingly, CAF‐1 deficient roots show increased inhibition of primary root elongation, with decreased meristem size due to a higher inhibition of cell proliferation after UV‐B exposure. The decrease in root meristem size in CAF‐1 mutants is a consequence of defects in programmed cell death after UV‐B exposure. Together, we provide evidence demonstrating that root and shoot meristematic cells may have distinct protection mechanisms against CPD accumulation by UV‐B, which may be linked with different functions of the CAF‐1 complex in these different organs.
Umbilical catheterization training: Tissue hybrid versus synthetic trainer
Authors: Takahashi Shigehiro , Ozawa Yuri , Nagasawa Junko , Ito Yushi , Ouchi Gen , Kabbur Prakash , Moritoki Yuki , Berg Benjamin W 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundThis study of umbilical catheterization deliberate practice training compared skill and knowledge outcomes of umbilical catheterization using a tissue‐hybrid simulator (REAL) versus a synthetic simulated umbilical cord task trainer (ART).MethodsThis was a prospective randomized control study. Pediatric residents were randomized to REAL or ART umbilical catheterization deliberate practice training. Pre–post‐training changes in skill performance and knowledge scores for REAL and ART groups were compared. Fidelity of REAL and ART were compared by neonatologists.ResultsTwenty‐seven pediatric residents completed training. Post‐training mean skill scores were improved compared to pre‐test scores (REAL, P < 0.001; ART, P < 0.0001). Post‐training skill, knowledge, and self‐efficacy scores were not different between the REAL and ART groups. Fidelity of REAL was higher than ART for neonatologists (P < 0.01).ConclusionsThe face validity of REAL was superior to ART, but resident umbilical cord deliberate practice training demonstrated no difference in skill, knowledge, and self‐efficacy improvements between REAL and ART. Further studies on real patients are needed to evaluate the impact of using real or simulated umbilical cords for umbilical venous catheter/umbilical arterial catheter training.
The moderating effect of differentiation: Education and health in married couples
Authors: Bartle‐Haring Suzanne , Ferriby Megan , Bean Roy 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThis study had four hypotheses based on Bowen Family Systems Theory. First, to determine the similarity in couple members' levels of differentiation, a latent profile analysis was performed. About 67% of couples reported less than a point difference on average between their scores on the differentiation subscales used. Second, whether differentiation was associated with physical health was determined by comparing the means of health indicators for couple members across the latent profile classes, and it was found that health and differentiation were related as expected. Finally, to determine whether differentiation moderated the associations between education, stress, and health, a group comparison procedure was performed for an Actor–Partner Interdependence Model. Evidence suggested that differentiation moderated some of these associations.
Early ovine preantral follicles have a potential to grow until antral stage in two‐step culture system in the presence of aqueous extract of Justicia insularis
Authors: Mbemya Gildas Tetaping , de Sá Naiza Arcângela Ribeiro , Guerreiro Denise Damasceno , de Sousa Francisca Geovania Canafístula , Nguedia Sylvain Njina , Alves Benner Geraldo , Santos Francielli Weber , Pessoa Otília Deusdênia Loiola , Comizzoli Pierre , Figueiredo José Ricardo , Rodrigues Ana Paula Ribeiro 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe objective of this study was to determine whether preantral follicles cultured in vitro for 7 days within ovine ovarian cortical strips could be isolated at the secondary follicles (SF) and grown until antral stage during an additional 6 days period of in vitro culture in the presence of aqueous extract of Justicia insularis. Fresh ovarian fragments from 16 adult sheep were fixed for histological analysis (Control 1) or in vitro cultured individually in α‐MEM+ supplemented with 0.3 mg/ml J. insularis (Step 1) for 7 days. Part of the fragments then were fixed for histological analysis (in vitro culture group). Remaining fragments were exposed stepwise to increasing trehalose concentrations before immediate isolation of SF and viability assessment (Control 2) or after 6 days of culture in α‐MEM++ supplemented with 0.3 mg/ml J. insularis (Step 2). In Step 1, percentage of follicular activation was 80%. In Step 2, a significant increase (p < 0.05) in follicular diameter and antrum formation within 6 days in vitro culture of isolated follicles was achieved. The total antioxidant capacity from both steps significantly increase (p < 0.05) from day 2 to day 6. Confocal analysis of oocytes showed 57.14% oocytes with homogeneous distribution and 42.86% with peri‐cortical distribution. In conclusion, SF can be successfully isolated from sheep ovarian cortex after 7 days of culture and are capable of surviving and forming an antral cavity if cultured in vitro for an additional 6 days in the presence of 0.3 mg/ml J. insularis.
Histocompatibility locus antigens regions contribute to the ethnicity bias of Epstein‐Barr virus‐associated nasopharyngeal carcinoma in higher‐incidence populations
Authors: Roy Chattopadhyay Nabanita , Chakrabarti Sudipta , Chatterjee Koustav , Deb Roy Sankar , Kumar Sahu Sushil , Reddy R. Rajendra , Das Piyanki , Bijay Kanrar Basab , Kumar Das Ashok , Tsering Sam , Puii Zoren , Zomawia Eric , Singh Y. Indibor , Suryawanshi Amol , Choudhuri Tathagata 
Published: May 2019

AbstractNasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is one the most confusing and rare malignancy in most part of the world with significantly high occurrence in some populations of Southeast Asia, North Africa and Alaska. Apart from the dietary and environmental factors, NPC is well‐associated with Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) infection in these ethnic groups. However, the internal molecular mechanism(s) for such association in specific populations is not known till date. Polymorphisms in the genes of histocompatibility locus antigens (HLA) are reported in NPC, but association of any particular polymorphism with ethnicity is not established yet. Here, we report a set of HLA polymorphisms in EBV‐infected NPC samples from Northeast Indian population. These polymorphisms might play an important role for the lack of proper immune function against EBV infection and thus, eventually, for NPC generation in endemic populations like those of Northeast India.
Social media guidelines: a review for health professionals and faculty members
Authors: Hennessy Catherine M , Smith Claire F , Greener Sue , Ferns Gordon 
Published: May 2019

SummaryBackgroundThe rising societal use of social media has encouraged health professionals to use social media in their professional activities; however, this can be a daunting task, particularly for those who are uncertain about the boundaries for the professional use of social media. This article summarises the guidelines provided by medical governing bodies on social media use and provides practical advice on how social media can be used, which is transferrable across the health professions.MethodsNine guidance documents published by medical governing bodies in major international English‐speaking countries were reviewed and analysed to identify their key common messages.FindingsFive key themes were identified across all of the guidance documents, as follows: maintain patient confidentiality; defamation is unacceptable; privacy cannot be guaranteed; responsibility to maintain public trust; and reasons to use social media.ConclusionsThe guidelines predominantly focus on the risks of using social media. Although this is necessary, it is likely to inhibit the exploration of the potential uses of social media in health care education and practice. All of the guidance documents from governing bodies encourage the use of social media to engage with patients and to network with colleagues; however, there is relatively little practical guidance on how to use social media as a health professional. This article offers some practical advice for faculty members who wish to run development sessions on how to use social media for professional purposes.… there is relatively little practical guidance on how to use social media as a health professional
Ultrasound characteristics of feline urinary bladder transitional cell carcinoma are similar to canine urinary bladder transitional cell carcinoma
Authors: Hamlin Alessandra N. , Chadwick Laura E. , Fox‐Alvarez Stacey A. , Hostnik Eric T. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractFeline transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) is a rare neoplasia of cats with an estimated prevalence of 0.18%. Cats with TCC share clinical signs with common pathologies like feline idiopathic cystitis or urinary tract infections. Nonspecific clinical signs include hematuria, pollakiuria, or stranguria. The literature lacks a feline‐specific ultrasound description of TCC. The aim of this multicenter retrospective descriptive study was to report ultrasound findings of a collection of feline TCC and then assess if feline TCC and canine TCC have similar ultrasound appearances. It was hypothesized that the ultrasound characteristics would be similar between feline and canine TCC. Ultrasound studies were assessed for tumor shape, number of isolated mural masses, location within the bladder, presence of Doppler signal, echogenicity of urine, mineralization within the mass, extension of the mass into the proximal urethra or ureters, urethral/ureteral obstruction, pyelectasia, and sublumbar lymphadenopathy. Feline studies were compared to 20 cases of confirmed canine TCC. A total of 20 cats with histologically or cytologically confirmed diagnosis of TCC were included. Feline and canine TCC had similarities when viewed using ultrasound. Statistically significant differences were identified for location of the bladder mass (cats were more likely to be mid‐body vs trigonal in dogs, P = .011) and urethral extension of the tumor was less likely in cats than dogs (P = .0436). Based on this sample of 20 cats, feline TCC was most commonly a singular, broad‐based mass within the mid‐body or apex of the urinary bladder.
Tonal Fan-Noise Radiation From Aero-Engine Bypass With Serrated End Treatments
Authors: Jiang Hanbo , Huang Xun 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Chevrons, which are also known as serrations, are initially developed to suppress jet noise radiating from aero-engine nozzles. The associated fluid mechanics are already well known. Compared with jet noise, turbomachinery fan noise has become relatively more important along with the ever-increasing bypass ratio. However, it is still unclear whether the trailing-edge chevrons on the bypass duct would attenuate fan noise and, if the answer is yes, what is the associated mechanism. In this work, we first use a theoretical model based on the Wiener–Hopf method to rapidly conduct parametric studies across a number of different setups. The results from such a theoretical model suggest that the chevrons are also effective in the reduction of fan noise scattering. Next, we perform high-fidelity computational fluid and acoustic simulations for a realistic aero-engine with some representative setups, and the results further confirm the effectiveness of chevrons. Both analytical and numerical results show the associated noise control mechanism, that is, chevrons would induce acoustic mode conversion (especially from low modes to high modes), which shall further result in evanescent waves in the radial direction and the final noise reduction at various radiation angles. The findings may find applications in the next-generation low-noise aero-engine design.
Prevalence of non-communicable diseases by age, gender and nationality in publicly funded primary care settings in Qatar
Authors: Syed Mohamed A , Alnuaimi Ahmed S , Zainel Abdul Jaleel , A/Qotba Hamda A 
Published: May 2019

BackgroundIn Qatar, as with other countries, non-communicable diseases (NCDs) have been the leading cause of death. This study aims to describe the prevalence of four NCDs clusters (cardiovascular diseases (coronary heart disease, stroke and peripheral vascular disease), cancers, chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM)) by age, gender and nationality (Qataris and non-Qataris) accessing publicly funded primary care services to inform healthcare planning and strategies.MethodsCross-sectional study design was used. Data for individuals aged ≥18 and who visited a publicly funded primary health centre in Qatar during 2017 were extracted from electronic medical records and analysed.ResultsThe findings showed that approximately 16.2 % of the study population (N = 68 421) had one or more of the four NCDs. The prevalence of NCDs showed an increasing trend with increasing age. Highest increases in the prevalence of NCDs were seen in a relatively young age group (30–49 years). The prevalence of all NCDs except cancers was higher in men. Prevalence rates of CHD and cancers in the study were found to be similar in both Qataris and non-Qataris; however, COPD and T2DM rates were higher in Qataris compared with non-Qataris. T2DM accounted for the highest prevalence of any NCD among both Qataris (230/1000) and non-Qataris (183/1000).ConclusionsAlthough not comprehensive and nationally representative, this study is suggestive of a higher prevalence of NCDs among a younger population, men and in Qatari, Western Asian, Southern Asian, Sub-Saharan Africans, South-Eastern Asians Northern African and Western European nationalities. Prevention, treatment and control of NCDs and their risk factors are a public health problem in Qatar, and resources need to be invested towards targeted interventions with a multisectoral approach.