bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comparison of molecular screening versus dissection and rearing methods to estimate parasitism of Lygus nymphs by Peristenus wasps: size matters
Authors: Floate Kevin D. , Wilches-Correal Diana , Ibarra-Galvis Valentina , Pawluk Abbe , Roy Brendan , Cárcamo Héctor A. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Several broadleaf crops on the Canadian prairies suffer economic damage by Lygus bugs (Hemiptera: Miridae), populations of which are suppressed by parasitoids in the genus Peristenus (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). We used three different methods to assess levels of this parasitism for different instars of Lygus collected in southern Alberta, Canada. Screening Lygus for Peristenus DNA using a molecular polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method identified levels of parasitism ranging from 35 (second and third instars) to 47 (fifth instars) per cent. With dissection, parasitoids were recovered from 13 (second instars) to 44 (fifth instars) per cent of Lygus. For Lygus collected in the field and reared in the lab, Peristenus emerged from about 22 per cent of individuals. Our results show that use of PCR or dissection for fifth-instar larvae provides comparable estimates of parasitism. For earlier instars, PCR identifies levels of parasitism undetected using dissection – that is, 2.7-fold more for second instars in the present study. For the purposes of pest management and conservation biological control, dissection can provide adequate estimates of parasitism to inform a decision to reduce insecticides to protect Peristenus parasitoids.
Retinal and optic nerve microvasculature assessment in nephritic and nonnephritic systemic lupus erythematosus: a comparative analysis
Authors: El-Mayah Esraa , Mahmoud Basma M.S. , Abdelaziz Magda S. , Kotb Mohamed S. 
Published: November 2024

Background
Lupus nephritis is considered one of the most common complications of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) that greatly affects the overall prognosis. Retinopathy, as one of the disease complications, is an indicator of disease severity, frequent renal impairment, and poor prognosis. Therefore, screening of subclinical retinopathy is of great importance as retinopathy and nephropathy are somehow associated in SLE patients.

Aim
The aim of this study was to assess the changes in retinal and optic nerve microcirculation in nephritic and nonnephritic SLE patients without clinical evidence of retinopathy or optic neuropathy.

Patients and methods
This is a prospective observational study that included 66 SLE patients. They were divided into two groups: group A that included 34 patients with nephritis and group B that included 32 patients without nephritis. In addition, 33 healthy participants (group C) were included as a control group. The participants were assessed with optical coherence tomography angiography of the macula and optic nerve. Assessment of vessel densities (VD), foveal avascular zone, retinal nerve fiber layer thickness, and optic nerve head and peripapillary VD were done.

Results
Group B patients were found to have significantly lower VDs in whole superficial VD (P=0.014) and all sectors of perifovea (P=0.005, 0.006, and 0.013 for whole, superior hemiretina, and inferior hemiretina, respectively). In addition, there was a significantly lower VD of the deep capillary plexus (DCP) in the parafovea (P=0.003, 0.004, and 0.01 for whole, superior, and inferior hemiretina, respectively) and in the perifovea (P=0.007, 0.002, and 0.014 for whole, superior hemiretina, and inferior hemiretina, respectively). Group A showed specific reduction of VD of the DCP of whole and perifoveal superior hemiretina (P=0.04) and choriocapillaris flow parameters (P=0.003). They also showed increase of inferior retinal nerve fiber layer thickness and whole image capillary density (P=0.036 and 0.001, respectively). Concerning the peripapillary capillary density, the whole image peripapillary capillary density and inferior peripapillary VD of group A was increased in comparison to group B (P=0.023 and 0.009, respectively) with no statistically significant difference with group C.

Conclusion
Nephritic SLE patients showed reduction in VD of the DCP of the perifoveal superior hemiretina and choriocapillaris, while nonnephritic SLE patients showed reduction of VD of the SCP of the perifovea and DCP of parafovea and perifovea.
Comparative evaluation of depth of penetration of sealer after using EDTA, citric acid and R-EDTA as last irrigant under confocal laser microscopy
Authors: Vats Asit , Singh Arundeep 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Aim:
This original research examines potential of root canal sealers to penetrate the dentin. Movement of root canal sealer into dentinal tubules decreases the residual space for the entombing of bacteria and provides the hermetic seal. Different irrigants used during chemo-mechanical preparation of tooth determine the depth of penetration of sealer based on the chelating property of irrigants. The addition of surface tension-reducing agents into irrigants was known to enhance their penetration of irrigants into the dentinal tubules.

Methods:
This study used ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), R-EDTA, and citric acid as the last irrigant inside the root canal.

Results:
R-EDTA showed increased penetration of sealer inside the root canal.

Conclusion:
R-EDTA when used as the last irrigant enhances the penetration of sealer inside the root canal owing to its reduced surface tension which enhanced its chelating property.
Social Issues Faced by Spinal Cord Injury Patient with Bladder and Bowel Dysfunction – A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Begam U. Sumiya , Thirunavukkarasu P. , Rajakumar A. , Chitrarasu K. , Kamakshi R. M. , Premalatha K. , Guna A. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background:
The disruption of autonomic function following a spinal cord injury (SCI) is common and can negatively affect quality of life. As social engagement and relationships are critical for well-being and quality of life, it is important to gain a detailed understandings about how bladder and bowel dysfunction impact on social participation. People living with SCI can experience diminished opportunities to socialise and develop relationships because of problems such as a lack of financial and transportation resources, poor environmental accessibility, the negative attitudes of others and depression.

Aim:
The aim of this study was to determine social issues faced by SCI patients with bladder and bowel dysfunction.

Study Design:
This was a cross-sectional study. Fifty-five SCI patients with bladder and bowel dysfunction were recruited for this study.

Materials and Methods:
International SCI survey questionnaires were used and telephonic call interviews were done.

Results:
Quadriplegic patients faced issues for bowel and bladder management, architectural barriers and psychosocial issues than paraplegic persons.

Conclusion:
This study emphasize on the importance of health education and psychological counselling to the SCI patients as well as to their family. This study also throws light on the areas where we as a society needs to improve to provide a better environment for the disabled so as to make their lives less troublesome.
Factors Influencing Adherence to Home-based Rehabilitation in Individuals with Spinal Cord Injury: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Chugh Sushil , Roshan Rinku , Jagatheeswari R , Alagundagi Dhananjay 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background:
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is one of the most disabling conditions and requires comprehensive rehabilitation programmes to optimise functionality and enhance quality of life. Despite the crucial role of physical activity in preventing complications, adherence to rehabilitation programmes remains a critical yet underexplored area, especially in India, where access to specialised facilities is still limited.

Aims and Objectives:
This study aims to fill this gap by exploring the factors influencing adherence to home-based rehabilitation regimens among SCI patients.

Materials and Methods:
In this cross-sectional study, 19 SCI patients who underwent rehabilitation were interviewed through a validated, semi-structured questionnaire. Patients who exercise for at least 30 min per session for a minimum of 3 days a week were considered adherent to therapy.

Results:
The mean age of the patients was 46.5 years; most participants were male, and 68% adhered to therapy. The main facilitators for patients were an easy understanding of the home programme and awareness of potential complications. Significant barriers to adherence were low mood/stress and inadequate family support. A significant association was observed between adherence to therapy and spinal cord independence measure scores. Patients with spasticity were found to be less adherent to therapy than patients without spasticity.

Conclusion:
Understanding the factors influencing adherence to home programme can lead to more effective interventions, ultimately improving long-term outcomes and quality of life for SCI patients. The positive correlations between adherence to home programmes and the patients’ overall functionality highlight the need for tailored home programmes and good adherence rates in places with limited resources and less awareness about rehabilitation services.
Use of the vertebrae and iliac bone as references for localizing the appendix vermiformis in computed tomography
Authors: Ozturk Muhsin Ozgun , Resorlu Mustafa , Aydin Sonay , Memis Kemal Bugra 
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND
The appendix vermiformis is a part of the gastrointestinal tract, situated in the lower right quadrant of the abdomen. Acute appendicitis, acute inflammation of the appendix vermiformis, is the most common cause of acute abdomen requiring surgical intervention. Although computed tomography (CT) offers high diagnostic efficacy in assessing the appendix across various anatomical positions, it also involves radiation exposure. Reducing exposure factors and narrowing the field of view (FOV) are ways to decrease the radiation dose to the patient. To narrow the FOV, appendix locations within the population must be defined using metric markers.
AIM
To determine the location of the appendix vermiformis on CT using the vertebrae and the right iliac bone as anatomical landmarks.
METHODS
This retrospective study examined 470 patients presenting with abdominal pain who underwent abdominal CT scans between January 01, 2015 and January 01, 2018. Forty-three patients were excluded due to various reasons. The most superior and inferior points and the origin of the appendix were measured separately in relation to the vertebrae and right iliac bone for localization. The population was divided into normal and acute appendicitis groups, and the relationship between appendix location and anthropometric parameters relationship was examined. P values below 0.05 were considered statistically significant.
RESULTS
The final analysis included 427 adult patients (206 females and 221 males) with a mean age of 42.1 ± 19.5 years. An ascending appendix course was the most common (90.4%). The appendix ranged from the L2 vertebral body level to the coccygeal vertebral level relative to the vertebrae. The appendix ranged between (−) 140.5 mm and (+) 87.4 mm relative to the right iliac bone. A negative correlation was found between patient age, height, body mass index, and the highest and lowest points of the appendix in regard to the vertebrae.
CONCLUSION
The study’s findings unveiled the locations of the appendix in the population in relation to the bony anatomical landmarks. These data can be used as the basis for future research aimed at reducing patient exposure to ionizing radiation.
Afferent loop syndrome of a patient with recurrent fever: A case report
Authors: Yuan Jing , Zhang Ying-Jie , Wen Wu , Liu Xiao-Cong , Chen Feng-Lin , Yang Ye 
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND
Afferent loop syndrome (ALS) is a rare complication, Aoki et al reported that the incidence of distal gastrectomy in Billroth-II is 0.3%-1.0%. The clinical manifestations of ALS are atypical, which can manifest as severe abdominal pain, vomiting, obstructive jaundice, malnutrition, etc.
CASE SUMMARY
The patient was a 58-year-old man who complained of recurrent high fever for more than 1 week. Laboratory tests showed an increase in neutrophil ratio, procalcitonin, C-reactive protein, and abnormal liver function. Enhanced computed tomography scan of the abdomen showed small intestinal obstruction between the anastomosis of the gastrojejunum, bile duct, and pancreaticoduodenum. Gastroscopy revealed significant narrowing of the lumen 15 cm from the anastomosis into the afferent loop. After performing balloon dilation and placement of the nutrition tube, the patient did not experience further fever.
CONCLUSION
ALS is relatively rare after pancreaticoduodenectomy, and the treatment depends on the nature of the obstructive lesion. The traditional treatment method is surgery, and in recent years, endoscopy has provided a new treatment method for ALS.
Psychological Factors Impacting the Consumer Behaviour of Customers
Authors: Roy Jainish , Sachdeva Lalit 
Published: November 2024

Objectives: The factors influencing consumer purchasing behavior were the main focus of the study. Finding out how these factors affect individual consumers' decisions to buy goods and services was the primary goal. The aim was to gain insights into the various factors that drive consumer behavior and understand their impact on purchase decisions.

Methods: The study of customer behaviour is centred around the purchasing behavior of consumers, who play the roles of user, payer, and buyer. Research has demonstrated that predicting consumer behaviour is challenging. The customers themselves play a vital role as they are the ultimate purchasers of the goods and services offered by organizations. Therefore, businesses are continuously seeking ways to persuade them to make purchases, in order to generate revenue.

Findings: The results of this study show that social factors are the most important factors influencing consumers' willingness to make a purchase and have the biggest influence on consumer behavior variables. Brands can develop a strategy, marketing message (Unique Value Proposition), and advertising campaigns that are more successful and better suit the needs and thought processes of their target consumers by recognizing and comprehending the factors that affect their customers.

Conclusion: This is a significant advantage for brands seeking to better serve their customers and drive sales growth. Ultimately, understanding customer behavior is a valuable asset that can help brands to increase sales.
Developing an Expert System for in Adoption of High Technology Consumer Durables
Authors: Shrivastava Vivek , Rai Nitin Ranjan 
Published: November 2024

Objectives: There is extant research work that have investigated the influencing and mediating role personality factors or the Big Five traits play in determining a consumer’s environment friendly behaviours. The originality of this paper is in the fact that it is uses the prism of personality traits to study their moderating effect on consumer behavior in the presence of different sales promotion techniques, quality cues and privacy issues.

Methods: The ANOVA results, using the SPSS program showed that with the trait of extraversion, sales promotion and quality, it had significant effect on the consumers’ deal, attitude and intention to purchase. Notably, the average value of high extraversion was statistically significant as compared to that of low extraversion.

Findings: Based on the TPB framework and personality traits, this study can help practitioners better understand the benefits considering the personality traits of the target set respondents being called to the car clinics in order to efficiently obtain the best outputs from car clinics. Besides, it will be of use to regulatory bodies to devise better standards and regulations for vehicular data privacy.

Conclusions: Mechanical advancement like the associated vehicle innovation can possibly acquire numerous positive changes like decrease street mishaps, clog, better natural manageability and so forth. Ultimately, this study helps society to reap the benefits by elucidating the factors in consumer behaviour in technology adoption to help marketers ensure better customer pre purchase consideration and acceptance of the innovation.
Influence of Radiation on the Squeezed flow of Copper-Water Nanofluid between Parallel Plates in Presence of Porous Medium and Magnetic Field
Authors: T.Chandrapushpam  , K. Janagi  , S. Ruth Kethsial  
Published: November 2024

This article highlights the outcome of the investigation on the squeezed flow of copper-water nanofluid between two moving parallel plates filled with a porous medium in presence of a magnetic field using a semi analytical method called Differential Transform Method (DTM). In this study, the influence of radiation parameter and the use of porous medium are considered along with other usual parameters. Impact of physical parameters like. squeezing number, Hartmann number, Darcy number, and Biot number on velocity and energy distributions are presented and examined with the help of graphs and tables. From this study it is apparent that by increasing Biot number, radiation number, and Darcy number, the energy distribution attains a greater level.
ABUSO SEXUAL DO MENOR DE QUATORZE ANOS
Authors: Rosa Neto José 
Published: November 2024

Sabemos que a violência sexual é hoje uma das formas mais graves de concretização da violência nas sociedades existentes, provocando facilmente nas pessoas uma sensação imediata de aversão e repúdio. Abrange um enorme conjunto de condutas sexuais muito violentas, as quais se descrevem como, Estupro, violações sexuais, abuso sexual, prostituição forçada, tráfico para exploração sexual, dentre outras, de acordo com o país. Essa conduta no Brasil recebe o nome de Estupro. Nesse contexto, o objeto do nosso artigo será Estupro de vulnerável do menor de quatorze anos, cuja descrição típica vem em um artigo do Código Penal, onde se tutela a dignidade sexual do menor de quatorze anos. Destarte, neste ensaio, buscou-se uma abordagem sobre o “consentimento do menor de quatorze anos para o ato sexual”; as diferenciações entre incesto, pedofilia e abusador sexual; além de uma análise perfunctória sobre o “estupro de vulnerável bilateral” e a lei “Romeo e Julieta”.
ĐẶC ĐIỂM HÌNH ẢNH VÀ ĐIỀU TRỊ DỊ VẬT XÂM NHẬP QUA ĐƯỜNG TIÊU HÓA DƯỚI CƠ HOÀNH TẠI BỆNH VIỆN ĐẠI HỌC Y HÀ NỘI
Authors: Nguyễn Thái Bình , Phạm Văn Phương 
Published: November 2024

Mục tiêu: Mô tả đặc điểm hình ảnh dị vật ống tiêu hóa dưới cơ hoành, đặc điểm dị vật liên quan đến lựa chọn phương pháp điều trị. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu hồi cứu, mô tả cắt ngang trên 49 bệnh nhân: 17 nữ/ 32 nam có dị vật xâm nhập qua đường tiêu hóa nằm dưới cơ hoành tại Bệnh viện Đại học Y Hà Nội từ tháng 1/2021 đến 5/2024. Kết quả: Trong nghiên cứu của chúng tôi phần lớn dị vật dưới cơ hoành cần can thiệp xử lý là những dị vật dài nhọn (93,9%), trong đó phần lớn là xương cá và tăm ( chiếm 78,5% dị vật được xác định). Có 45/49 BN (91,8%) có 1 dị vật, 4 BN có > 1 dị vật. Biến chứng dị vật dưới cơ hoành cần can thiệp xử lý nhiều nhất là thủng 73,5%. Vị trí dị vật dưới cơ hoành cần can thiệp điều trị hay gặp nhất là ở ruột non (34,7%). Phần lớn dị vật được lấy bằng nội soi nằm ở dạ dày và đại trực tràng 8/10 BN. Phẫu thuật nội soi chiếm tỉ lệ cao nhất trong điều trị lấy dị vật 32,7%, Can thiệp lấy dị vật qua da chiếm tỉ lệ 14/49 ca, chủ yếu được lựa chọn trong những trường hợp dị vật nằm ngoài ống tiêu hóa với 8/12 bệnh nhân. Tỉ lệ lấy dị vật thành công chung đạt 77,6%. Kết luận: Chẩn đoán dị vật ống tiêu hóa dưới cơ hoành chủ yếu dựa vào cắt lớp vi tính, nó giúp cung cấp một cái nhìn chính xác các đặc điểm về hình dáng, kích thước, vị trí cũng như biến chứng của dị vật qua đó giúp lựa chọn phương pháp điều trị cho phù hợp. Nội soi là lựa chọn điều trị đầu tay nếu vị trí thuận lợi có thể tiếp cận được dị vật, phẫu thuật được đặt ra khi nội soi thất bại hoặc không có chỉ định trong. Can thiệp lấy dị vật ống tiêu hóa qua da là kĩ thuật mới nhưng bước đầu cho thấy những hiệu quả rất khả quan.
HIỆU QUẢ ĐIỀU TRỊ VIÊM PHỔI NẶNG TẠI KHOA SƠ SINH BỆNH VIỆN ĐA KHOA XANH PÔN NĂM 2023
Authors: Nguyễn Thị Bích Liên , Lê Thị Văn , Nguyễn Hà Thương , Đinh Khánh Huyền , Thái Bằng Giang , Ngô Thị Thu Hương 
Published: November 2024

Mục tiêu: Nhận xét kết quả điều trị viêm phổi nặng ở trẻ sơ sinh tại bệnh viện đa khoa Xanh Pôn. Đối tượng nghiên cứu: 97 trẻ sơ sinh viêm phổi có suy hô hấp nằm điều trị tại khoa Sơ sinh bệnhviện Xanh Pôn năm 2023. Phương pháp nghiên cứu: Mô tả một loạt ca bệnh. Kết quả: Tỉ lệ nam/nữ là 2,7/1, trẻ đủ tháng chiếm 73,2% và đẻ non 26,8%. Tỷ lệ trẻ khỏi (xuất viện) là 94,8%, không hiệu quả là 5,2% (1,1% chuyển viện,4,1% tử vong). Suy hô hấp nặng là 17,5%, Tỉ lệ thiếu máu ở nhóm khỏi (xuất viện) và không hiệu quả lần lượt là 13% và 60%. Rối loạn tri giác ở nhóm khỏi (xuất viện) là 4,3% và 40% ở nhóm không hiệu quả. Thời gian sử dụng oxy trung bình ở nhóm điều trị không hiệu quả là 19,2 ngày, nhóm khỏi bệnh là 5,3 ngày Kết luận: Nhóm trẻ điều trị khỏi và xuất viện chiếm tỷ lệ cao 94,8%, nhóm không hiệu quả là 5,2%, trong đó tử vong là 4,1%, và chuyển viện là 1,1%.
NGHIÊN CỨU ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG, CẬN LÂM SÀNG CỦA CÁC TRƯỜNG HỢP UNG THƯ BUỒNG TRỨNG TẠI BỆNH VIỆN PHỤ SẢN TP. CẦN THƠ
Authors: Trần Văn Nam , Võ Châu Quỳnh Anh , Nguyễn Hữu Trung 
Published: November 2024

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá đặc điểm lâm sàng, cận lâm sàng của các trường hợp ung thư buồng trứng được chẩn đoán sau khi có kết quả giải phẫu bệnh. Phương pháp: Báo cáo loạt ca hồi cứu trên 30 bệnh nhân được chẩn đoán là u buồng trứng ác tính hoặc giáp biên ác sau phẫu thuật bằng giải phẫu bệnh tại bệnh viện Phụ sản TP. Cần Thơ từ tháng 10/2017 – 10/2022. Kết quả: Tuổi trung bình của bệnh nhân là 44,4±15,5. Triệu chứng cơ năng hay gặp nhất là đau bụng (60%), khám lâm sàng đa số là sờ đươc u (93,3%). Trên siêu âm ghi nhận, tỷ lệ kích thước khối u ≤ 100 mm là 55,7%, trung vị là 96,5 mm, đa số là u nang đơn thùy (53,3%). Về chất chỉ báo khối u, tỷ lệ CA125 tăng là 36,7%, HE4 nguy cơ cao là 3,3%, ROMA test nguy cơ cao là 46,7%. Đặc điểm về giải phẫu bệnh của ung thư buồng trứng với u tế bào biểu mô chiếm ưu thế (86,7%). Ngoài ra, u buồng trứng giáp biên chiếm gần một nửa số trường hợp (46,7%) trong nghiên cứu. Kết luận: Các trường hợp ung thư buồng trứng được chẩn đoán bằng kết quả giải phẫu bệnh với độ tuổi trung bình tương đối trẻ, đa số tiên lượng trước mổ có nguy cơ ác tính thấp với các đặc điểm như: nang đơn thùy, kích thước ≤ 100mm, CA125 và HE4 nằm trong giới hạn bình thường; kết quả mô bệnh học với u buồng trứng giáp biên ác chiếm tỷ lệ cao.