bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chronic kidney disease and acute kidney injury in arthroplasty patients over 65 years of age
Authors: Nikkinen Okke , Nieminen Teemu , Alahuhta Seppo , Ohtonen Pasi , Vakkala Merja 
Published: March 2019

BackgroundThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and the incidence of perioperative acute kidney injury (AKI) in primary arthroplasty patients over 65 years of age. Risk factors, perioperative events and the outcome of surgery were evaluated.MethodsThis retrospective, hospital register‐based study consists of patients operated in 2014 in the area of Oulu, Finland. The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration formula. The incidence of AKI was evaluated based on the serum creatinine criteria of the KDIGO (Kidney Disease, Improving Global Outcomes) classification.ResultsOf the 807 patients, 60.8% had mildly decreased (60‐89 ml/min/1.73 m2) and 13.5% moderately to severely decreased eGFR (<60 ml/min/1.73 m2) preoperatively. Only 33.9% of patients with an eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 had a diagnosis of a kidney disease. In emergencies, 46.9% of patients with an eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 were deceased at the 12‐month follow‐up point. The measurement of postoperative sCr was not complete (477/807) and was allocated to emergencies and older patient with more comorbidities. Of those whose postoperative sCr was available, 14 (2.9%) fulfilled AKI criteria. Most of the AKI cases had a decrease in eGFR preoperatively, a diagnosed kidney disease or diabetes mellitus.ConclusionsImpairment of kidney function was common and was related to mortality in emergency arthroplasties. Measurements of postoperative sCr were allocated to high risk patients. Preoperative kidney function, kidney disease and diabetes mellitus were important determinants for perioperative AKI.
Exports and governance: the role of private voluntary agrifood standards
Authors: Fiankor Dela‐Dem Doe , Martínez‐Zarzoso Inmaculada , Brümmer Bernhard 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe empirical evidence that institutional differences across countries affect bilateral trade is robust. The crucial question remains how countries can enhance trade amid these differences. In this article, we measure the degree to which governance and institutions differ between countries as “governance distance.” Using a sample of EU/EFTA imports, we examine how adopting private agrifood safety standards modify the effect of governance distance on exports of fruits and vegetables, in particular apples, bananas, and grapes, within a structural gravity framework. Our results show that while increasing governance distance hinders bilateral trade, the interaction of standards and the governance distance is positively associated with exports, hence partially offsetting the direct trade‐inhibiting effects of the latter. GlobalGAP certified countries see the trade‐inhibiting effects of governance distance on their exports reduced by about 50%, ceteris paribus.
The effects of expressing antenatal colostrum in women with diabetes in pregnancy: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Casey Jordan R.R. , Banks Jennifer , Braniff Kathleen , Buettner Petra , Heal Clare 
Published: March 2019

BackgroundSome women with diabetes in pregnancy express and store colostrum in the antenatal period for the purposes of preventing and treating neonatal hypoglycaemia.AimsOur primary aim was to compare rates of neonatal hypoglycaemia in babies born to mothers who express and store antenatal colostrum to babies born to mothers who do not.Materials and methodsRetrospective cohort study involving 357 women with diabetes in pregnancy, who had live, singleton births delivered after 36 weeks gestation, in a regional hospital in North Queensland (2014–2015). Multivariable binary logistic regression modelling identified independent characteristics associated with primary outcomes.ResultsEighty women (23%) expressed antenatal colostrum and 223 (62%) did not. One hundred and thirty‐one babies (37%) were diagnosed with hypoglycaemia. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women were less likely to express than Caucasian women (odds ratio (OR) 0.10, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.01–0.77). There were no significant differences in the rates of hypoglycaemia, or median blood glucose levels in babies born to mothers who expressed antenatal colostrum compared to babies born to mothers who did not express. Babies born to mothers who expressed were significantly less likely to receive formula in hospital compared to babies born to mothers who did not (OR 0.12, 95% CI 0.05–0.32).ConclusionsWe found no independent association of expressing antenatal colostrum on rates of neonatal hypoglycaemia or median blood glucose levels. Expressing antenatal colostrum may have some benefits to the newborn such as reduced formula consumption in hospital. Further research into other methods of reducing neonatal hypoglycaemia appears warranted.
Sperm functional aspects and enriched proteomic pathways of seminal plasma of adult men with obesity
Authors: Ferigolo P. C. , Ribeiro de Andrade M. B. , Camargo M. , Carvalho V. M. , Cardozo K. H. M. , Bertolla R. P. , Fraietta R. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundPrevious studies have demonstrated an association between obesity and the decreased male fertility.Objectiveto observe the mechanisms by which obesity affects semen quality.Materials and methodsA prospective study was performed including 47 male volunteers, of which 27 were obese group (body mass index >30 kg/m2) and 20 were eutrophic (body mass index between 18.5 and 25 kg/m2) controls. Sperm functional analysis was performed. The remaining seminal plasma was pooled—four pools per group— and submitted to proteomic analysis by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. Groups were compared by an unpaired Student's t‐test. Differentially expressed proteins were submitted to functional enrichment analysis using the online platform PantherDB.ResultsObese men presented decreased non‐progressive motility, morphology, acrosome integrity, mitochondrial activity, and increased sperm DNA fragmentation. In proteomics analysis, 69 proteins were differentially expressed between the two groups. Among them, one protein was absent, 19 were down‐regulated, 49 were up‐regulated, and one was exclusive in the study group. The main functions enriched were as follows: negative regulation of the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis, activation of immune and inflammatory, antioxidant activity, among others.Conclusionmolecular pathways suggest there is a causative link, and that the effector mechanisms alter sperm metabolic status and defective testicular selection 5 mechanisms.
Incidence of gynecological fistula and its surgical treatment: A national registry‐based study
Authors: Børseth Katrine F. , Acharya Ganesh , Kiserud Torvid , Trovik Jone 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIntroductionGynecological fistula (affecting female genital organs) leads to involuntary loss of urine or feces. In industrialized societies, fistulas occur mostly as complications of surgery, radiation therapy or inflammatory bowel disease. We sought to determine the incidence of gynecological fistula and type of surgical treatment provided in Norway.Material and methodsThis was a retrospective national cohort study of women treated for gynecological fistula (International Classification of Disease‐10 code N82) during 2008‐2014, identified from the mandatory Norwegian Patient Registry. To compare groups, we utilized Chi‐square or non‐parametric tests.ResultsIn all, 1627 women (.06% of the female Norwegian population) had 4475 hospital admissions with a diagnosis of gynecological fistula. In total, 1214/1627 (75%) had fistula as the main diagnosis: 346 (29%) a urogenital fistula, 672 (55%) an enterogenital, 38 (3%) a genitocutaneous and 22 (2%) both urinary and enteral fistula. Surgery for gynecological fistula was performed in 723 women, an incidence rate of 4.2 per 100 000 person‐years (95% confidence interval [CI] 4.2‐4.3); gynecological procedures (mostly vaginal/perineal) were performed in 163 women (23%), urological in 43 (6%), enteral in 267 (37%) and surgery involving multiple pelvic compartments in 250 (35%). Women undergoing fistula surgery had a median of three hospital contacts (95% CI 3‐3), for 370 women (52%), the procedure was performed by a gynecologist, and 212 of these (29%) were also operated by urologists or gastroenterologists.ConclusionsGynecological fistula is rare in Norway, with an overall incidence of 6/10 000 in the female population, whereas the incidence of surgically treated fistula is 4.2/100 000. However, the condition represents considerable morbidity for the individual patient.
Miniaturized centrifugal ventricular assist device for bridge to decision: Preclinical chronic study in a bovine model
Authors: Shimamura Junichi , Mizuno Toshihide , Takewa Yoshiaki , Tsukiya Tomonori , Naito Noritsugu , Akiyama Daichi , Iizuka Kei , Katagiri Nobumasa , Nishimura Takashi , Ono Minoru , Tatsumi Eisuke 
Published: March 2019

AbstractWe developed a novel miniaturized extracorporeal centrifugal pump “BIOFLOAT NCVC (Nipro Corporation Osaka, Japan) as a ventricular assist device (VAD) and performed a preclinical study that is part of the process for its approval as a bridge to decision by the pharmaceutical and medical device agencies. The aim of this study was to assess the postoperative performance, hemocompatibility, and anticoagulative status during an extended period of its use. A VAD system, consisting of a hydrodynamically levitated pump, measuring 64 mm by 131 mm in size and weighing 635 g, was used. We installed this assist system in 9 adult calves (body weight, 90 ± 13 kg): as left ventricular assist device (LVAD) in 6 calves and right ventricular assist device (RVAD) in 3 calves, for over 30 days. Perioperative hemodynamic, hematologic, and blood chemistry measurements were obtained and end‐organ effects on necropsy were investigated. All calves survived for over 30 days, with a good general condition. The blood pump was operated at a mean rotational speed and a mean pump flow of 3482 ± 192 rpm and 4.08 ± 0.15 L/min, respectively, for the LVAD and 3902 ± 210 rpm and 4.24 ± 0.3 L/min, respectively, for the RVAD. Major adverse events, including neurological or respiratory complications, bleeding events, and infection were not observed. This novel VAD enabled a long‐term support with consistent and satisfactory hemodynamic performance and hemocompatibility in the calf model. The hemodynamic performance, hemocompatibility, and anticoagulative status of this VAD system were reviewed.
Influence of social anxiety and emotional self‐efficacy on pre‐transition concerns, social threat sensitivity, and social adaptation to secondary school
Authors: Nowland Rebecca , Qualter Pamela 
Published: March 2019

BackgroundMuch of the literature on school transfers has centred on academic adjustment and/or achievement, but school transfers also involve social adaption. Children who are socially anxious or lack emotional self‐efficacy are likely to have difficulties with social aspects of the transition.Aim(s)We examined the influence of social anxiety, depressive symptoms, and emotional self‐efficacy on (1) pre‐transition concerns about the move to secondary school and social threat sensitivity relating to that transition experience, and (2) school and peer connectedness after the school transfer. We also examined whether pre‐transition concerns predicted school and peer connectedness after the move.SampleYear 6 children (10–11 years) from 15 primary schools in Northern England.MethodChildren (N = 266) completed a questionnaire in their primary schools before the move to secondary school. A sub‐group (n = 156) of those children also completed measures immediately after the move to secondary school and then again 4 months later.ResultsSocial anxiety influenced pre‐transition concerns. Higher emotional self‐efficacy was associated with lower social threat sensitivity pre‐transition and with reductions over time. Higher emotional self‐efficacy also influenced greater social adaption 4 months after the school move. Pre‐transition concerns about the move were a good indicator of poorer social adaption later on.ConclusionsBased on the findings, interventions should target social anxiety to reduce pre‐transition concerns. Programmes that target emotional self‐efficacy are most likely to impact school and peer connectedness.
Mitochondrial dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases and the potential countermeasure
Authors: Wang Yan , Xu Erin , Musich Phillip R. , Lin Fang 
Published: March 2019

SummaryMitochondria not only supply the energy for cell function, but also take part in cell signaling. This review describes the dysfunctions of mitochondria in aging and neurodegenerative diseases, and the signaling pathways leading to mitochondrial biogenesis (including PGC‐1 family proteins, SIRT1, AMPK) and mitophagy (parkin‐Pink1 pathway). Understanding the regulation of these mitochondrial pathways may be beneficial in finding pharmacological approaches or lifestyle changes (caloric restrict or exercise) to modulate mitochondrial biogenesis and/or to activate mitophagy for the removal of damaged mitochondria, thus reducing the onset and/or severity of neurodegenerative diseases.
Short‐term outcomes of en bloc combined heart and liver transplantation in the failing Fontan
Authors: Vaikunth Sumeet S. , Concepcion Waldo , Daugherty Tami , Fowler Michael , Lutchman Glen , Maeda Katsuhide , Rosenthal David N. , Teuteberg Jeffrey , Woo Y. Joseph , Lui George K. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractPatients with failing Fontan physiology and liver cirrhosis are being considered for combined heart and liver transplantation. We performed a retrospective review of our experience with en bloc combined heart and liver transplantation in Fontan patients > 10 years old from 2006 to 18 per Institutional Review Board approval. Six females and 3 males (median age 20.7, range 14.2‐41.3 years) underwent en bloc combined heart and liver transplantation. Indications for heart transplant included ventricular dysfunction, atrioventricular valve regurgitation, arrhythmia, and/or lymphatic abnormalities. Indication for liver transplant included portal hypertension and cirrhosis. Median Fontan/single ventricular end‐diastolic pressure was 18/12 mm Hg, respectively. Median Model for End‐Stage Liver Disease excluding International Normalized Ratio score was 10 (7‐26), eight patients had a varices, ascites, splenomegaly, thrombocytopenia score of ≥ 2, and all patients had cirrhosis. Median cardiopulmonary bypass and donor ischemic times were 262 (178‐307) and 287 (227‐396) minutes, respectively. Median intensive care and hospital stay were 19 (5‐96) and 29 (13‐197) days, respectively. Survival was 100%, and rejection was 0% at 30 days and 1 year post‐transplant. En bloc combined heart and liver transplantation is an acceptable treatment in the failing Fontan patient with liver cirrhosis.
“Like Poles Repel While Unlike Poles Attract”: Contextual Performance Effects of Supply Base R & D, Focal Firm R & D, and Commercialization
Authors: Pathak Surya , Sen Pradyot K. , Jayaram Jayanth , Miller James M. 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTWe show that the ability of a firm to enhance its performance through R & D and commercialization efforts is dependent on the alignment of R & D intensity of the firm's supply base with its own R & D intensity. We employ a multi‐industry dataset consisting of 163 focal firms and their supply bases, spanning the years 1976 to 2009. Focal firms that have higher R & D expenditure compared to their industry average, enjoy greater performance benefits from their own R & D and commercialization efforts, as compared to when they have a Low R & D‐intense supply base. On the other hand, focal firms with lower R & D expenditure compared to their industry average, benefit more from their own R & D and commercialization expenditure when they have a High R & D supply base. When levels of R & D expenditure are matched with respect to the supply base (Low–Low or High–High), focal firms tend to derive less marginal performance benefits from their own R & D and commercialization expenditures. This pattern of results constitutes a “polarity effects” phenomenon, i.e., unlike poles attract. Further, for the High R & D focal firm–Low R & D supply base combination (and vice versa), we show that although both R & D and commercialization efforts have a separate and positive effect on the focal firm's financial performance; taken together, they have a negative synergy. Through a response surface analysis, we are able to show that there is a commercialization threshold, below which the Low R & D focal firm–High R & D supply base derives lower total benefits as compared to a High R & D focal firm–Low R & D supply base combination.
Orthodontic treatment need, self‐esteem, and oral health‐related quality of life among 12‐yr‐old schoolchildren
Authors: Herkrath Ana P. C. Q. , Vettore Mario V. , de Queiroz Adriana C. , Alves Paula L. N. , Leite Sarah D. C. , Pereira Juliana V. , Rebelo Maria A. B. , Herkrath Fernando J. 
Published: March 2019

The aim of this study was to investigate the association between orthodontic treatment need and oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL) among 12‐yr‐old children. The study also assessed whether self‐esteem modifies and/or moderates this relationship. Cross‐sectional data on 406 schoolchildren aged 12 yr were analyzed. Data on socio‐economic and demographic characteristics, dental pain, self‐esteem, and OHRQoL were collected using validated questionnaires. Orthodontic treatment need was assessed, through dental examinations, using the dental aesthetic index (DAI). Multiple negative binomial regression and path analysis were used to estimate the association of orthodontic treatment need and self‐esteem with OHRQoL. A modifying effect of self‐esteem on the relationship between DAI and OHRQoL was observed. Self‐esteem did not mediate the abovementioned relationship. Children with lower scores of self‐esteem had worse OHRQoL among those with lower orthodontic treatment need (a DAI score of < 31). However, self‐esteem did not influence the association between DAI and OHRQoL in children with greater orthodontic treatment need (a DAI score of ≥ 31). Self‐esteem attenuated the impact of malocclusion on OHRQoL in children with minor or definite malocclusion, but not among those with severe or very severe malocclusion. Self‐esteem appears to buffer the impact of malocclusion on OHRQoL in children with minor orthodontic treatment need.
Investigating the potential for call combinations in a lifelong vocal learner
Authors: Walsh Sarah L. , Townsend Simon W. , Morgan Kate , Ridley Amanda R. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe ability for humans to create seemingly infinite meaning from a finite set of sounds has likely been a critical component in our success as a species, allowing the unbounded communication of information. Syntax, the combining of meaningful sounds into phrases, is one of the primary features of language that enables this extensive expressivity. The evolutionary history of syntax, however, remains largely debated, and it is only very recently that comparative data for syntax in animals have been revealed. Here, we provide further evidence for a structural basis of potential syntactic‐like call combinations in the vocal communication system of a group‐living songbird. Acoustic analyses indicate that Western Australian magpies (Gymnorhina tibicen dorsalis) structurally combine generic alarm calls with acoustically distinct alert calls to produce an alarm alert sequence. These results are distinct from previous examples of call combinations as, to our knowledge, evidence for this capacity is yet to be demonstrated in the natural communication of a non‐human species that is capable of vocal learning throughout life. These findings offer prospects for experimental investigation into the presence and function of magpie call combinations, extending our understanding of animal vocal complexity.
An updated classification of hair follicle morphogenesis
Authors: Saxena Nivedita , Mok Ka‐Wai , Rendl Michael 
Published: March 2019

AbstractHair follicle (HF) formation in developing embryonic skin requires stepwise signalling between the epithelial epidermis and mesenchymal dermis, and their specialized derivatives, the placode/germ/peg and dermal condensate/papilla, respectively. Classically, distinct stages of HF morphogenesis have been defined, in the mouse model, based on (a) changes in cell morphology and aggregation; (b) expression of few known molecular markers; (c) the extent of follicle downgrowth; and (d) the presence of differentiating cell types. Refined genetic strategies and recent emerging technologies, such as live imaging and transcriptome analyses of isolated cell populations or single cells, have enabled a closer dissection of the signalling requirements at different stages of HF formation, particularly early on. They have also led to the discovery of precursor cells for placode, dermal condensate and future bulge stem cells that, combined with molecular insights into their fate specification and subsequent formation, serve as novel landmarks for early HF morphogenetic events and studies of the signalling networks mediating these processes. In this review, we integrate the emergence of HF precursor cell states and novel molecular markers of fate and formation to update the widely used 20‐year‐old seminal classification guide of HF morphogenetic stages by Paus et al. We then temporally describe the latest insights into the early cellular and molecular events and signalling requirements for HF morphogenesis in relation to one another in a holistic manner.
Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta‐analyses for abstracts: best practice for reporting abstracts of systematic reviews in Endodontology
Authors: Nagendrababu V. , Duncan H. F. , Tsesis I. , Sathorn C. , Pulikkotil S. J. , Dharmarajan L. , Dummer P. M. H. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAn abstract is a brief overview of a scientific, clinical or review manuscript as well as a stand‐alone summary of a conference abstract. Scientists, clinician–scientists and clinicians rely on the summary information provided in the abstracts of systematic reviews to assist in subsequent clinical decision‐making. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) for Abstracts checklist was developed to improve the quality, accuracy and completeness of abstracts associated with systematic reviews and meta‐analyses. The PRISMA for Abstracts checklist provides a framework for authors to follow, which helps them provide in the abstract the key information from the systematic review that is required by stakeholders. The PRISMA for Abstracts checklist contains 12 items (title, objectives, eligibility criteria, information sources, risk of bias, included studies, synthesis of results, description of the effect, strength and limitations, interpretation, funding and systematic review registration) under six sections (title, background, methods, results, discussion, other). The current article highlights the relevance and importance of the items in the PRISMA for Abstracts checklist to the specialty of Endodontology, while offering explanations and specific examples to assist authors when writing abstracts for systematic reviews when reported in manuscripts or submitted to conferences. Strict adherence to the PRISMA for Abstracts checklist by authors, reviewers and journal editors will result in the consistent publication of high‐quality abstracts within Endodontology.