bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Depressive Symptoms Are Associated with Cognitive Function in the Elderly with Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Guerrero-Berroa Elizabeth , Ravona-Springer Ramit , Schmeidler James , Heymann Anthony , Soleimani Laili , Sano Mary , Leroith Derek , Preiss Rachel , Zukran Ruth , Silverman Jeremy M. , Beeri Michal Schnaider 
Published: July 2018

Background: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a metabolic condition associated with poor clinical and cognitive outcomes including vascular disease, depressive symptoms, cognitive impairment, and dementia. In the general elderly population, depression has been consistently identified as a risk factor for cognitive impairment/decline. However, the association between depression and cognitive function in T2D has been understudied. Objective: We investigated the association between depression and cognitive function in a large sample of cognitively normal elderly with T2D. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we examined 738 participants, aged 65–88 years old, enrolled in the Israel Diabetes and Cognitive Decline study. For each cognitive domain (Episodic Memory, Executive Function, Attention/Working Memory, Language/Semantic Categorization) and Overall Cognition, multiple linear regressions assessed its association with depression (score greater than 5 on the 15-item version of the Geriatric Depression Scale [GDS]), adjusting for age, sex, and education. Results: Depression ( n = 66, 8.9%) was associated with worse performance on tasks of Executive Function ( p = 0.004), Language/Semantic Categorization ( p < 0.001), and Overall Cognition ( p < 0.002), but not Episodic Memory ( p = 0.643) or Attention/Working Memory ( p = 0.488). Secondary analyses using GDS as a continuous variable did not substantially change the results. Adjusting also for a history of antidepressant medication use slightly weakened the findings. Conclusion: Significant associations of depression with several cognitive domains and Overall Cognition even in cognitively normal elderly with T2D, suggest that depression may have a role in impaired cognitive function in T2D, which may be attenuated by antidepressants.
Metabolic Syndrome and its Components Among Patients Attending MOPD of A Tertiary Care Centre
Authors: Khan MM Rahman , Chowdhury MAJ , Haque MZ , Chowdhury MMH , Rahman MK , Rashid MH , Mahmood I , Lslam QT 
Published: July 2018

This was a hospital based study done on 334 patients attending in medicine OPD BSMMU. According to modified NCEP ATP Ill criteria 27.2% of subjects aged 20 years had the metabolic syndrome and was more commonly seen in women than in men (32.4% vs 21.7%, P<0.05). The metabolic syndrome increased with age in both sexes (40-49 years age groups 24.2% to 50-59 years age groups 35.2%). Majority of the patients (59.3%) were in the age group 40-60 years. Overall frequencies of components of the metabolic syndrome were in the order of abdominal obesity (97.8%) > low high density lipoprotein (83.5%) > hypertension (71.4%) > triglycerides (67.0%) > fasting plasma glucose (44.0%). Abdominal obesity appeared to be the highest frequent components of the metabolic syndrome in both sexes (men 100% and women 96.4%). However, among male patients, high serum triglycerides (77.1%) appeared to be the second frequent components. Whereas among female patients low high density lipoprotein cholesterol (96.4%) appeared to be the second frequent component and was found to be high compared to the male patients (62.9%). Most of those with metabolic syndrome had three components of the syndrome (48.3%), 38.4% had four, and 13% had five components. The percentage of clusters of components increased with age of the patients and in female sex.TAJ 2009; 22(1): 176-182
Suicide in Young Age Group
Authors: Monsur MA , Rahman MM , Saha KP , Haque R , Mahmood S 
Published: July 2018

This paper presents the study of 200 cases of death which were 'suicidal in nature' received in the dept. of Forensic Medicine, Sylhet MAG Osmani Medical College, Sylhet, Rajshahi Medical College, Rajshahi, Comilla Medical College, Comilla and Faridpur Medical College, Faridpur for Post Mortem examination (PME), during the period of 2007 to 2009, The post mortems were conducted by the authors. Out of 200 PME of Suicide cases 98 {49%) were hanging by neck, 86 (43%) were poisoning and 16 (8%) by other methods.TAJ 2009; 22(1): 194-197
Retrograde Jejunogastric l ntussusception (RJGI): Two Case Reports
Authors: Islam B , Hassan M , Haque MM 
Published: July 2018

Retrograde jejunogastric intussusception (RJGI) is a rare but potentially very serious complication of gastrojejunostomy or partial gastrectomy. Around 200 cases have been reported in literature till now. This paper reports two cases of RJGI of efferent loops developed 20 years and 10 years after gastrojejunostomy of a 70 years and 78 years old man respectively. Both the patients presented with sudden ab dominal pain and hematemesis. Upper GI-endoscopy established the diagnosis. On emergency basis laparotomy was done and intussusception was reduced through gastrotomy. Efferent loop was found viable in case no 01, but gangrenous in case no 02, where resection was done. In both the cases the efferent loops were fixed to anterior parietal wall to prevent recurrence. Postoperative recovery were uneventful except minor superficial wound infection in the second case.TAJ 2009; 22(1): 257-260
Sarcopenia and Frailty in PD: Impact on Mortality, Malnutrition, and Inflammation
Authors: Kamijo Yuka , Kanda Eiichiro , Ishibashi Yoshitaka , Yoshida Masayuki 
Published: July 2018

Background It is known that sarcopenia is related to malnutrition-inflammation-atherosclerosis (MIA) syndrome and is an important problem in dialysis patients. The notion of frailty includes various physical, psychological, and social aspects. Although it has been reported that sarcopenia is associated with poor prognosis in patients with hemodialysis, reports on peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients are rare. In this study, we examined the morbidity and mortality of sarcopenia and frailty in PD patients. We also investigated the MIA-related factors. Methods We evaluated 119 patients cross-sectionally and longitudinally. The Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia criteria and the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) were used to diagnose sarcopenia and frailty. The primary outcome is all-cause mortality with sarcopenia and frailty. The secondary outcome is the relationship between various MIA-related factors. Results Morbidity of sarcopenia and frailty in PD patients was 8.4% and 10.9%, respectively. Old age, high values of Barthel Index, Charlson Comorbidity Index, CFS, and low values of body mass index (BMI), muscle strength, muscle mass, and slow walking were associated with sarcopenia. Interleukin-6, albumin, and prealbumin were significantly correlated with muscle mass. During follow-up, the presence of sarcopenia or frailty was associated with the risk of mortality. In multivariate analysis, CFS was related to the mortality rate of PD patients. Conclusions The presence of sarcopenia or frailty was associated with a worse prognosis.
No Surviving Companion in Kepler's Supernova
Authors: Ruiz-Lapuente Pilar , Damiani Francesco , Bedin Luigi , González Hernández Jonay I. , Galbany Lluís , Pritchard John , Canal Ramon , Méndez Javier 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
We have surveyed Kepler’s supernova remnant in search of the companion star of the explosion. We have gone as deep as 2.6 L
⊙ in all stars within 20% of the radius of the remnant. We use FLAMES at the VLT-UT2 telescope to obtain high-resolution spectra of the stellar candidates selected from Hubble Space Telescope (HST) images. The resulting set of stellar parameters suggests that these stars come from a rather ordinary mixture of field stars (mostly giants). A few of the stars seem to have low [Fe/H] (<−1) and they are consistent with being metal-poor giants. The radial velocities and rotational velocities v
rot sin i are very well determined. There are no fast rotating stars because v
rot sin i < 20 km s−1 for all the candidates. The radial velocities from the spectra and the proper motions determined from HST images are compatible with those expected from the Besançon model of the Galaxy. The strong limits placed on luminosity suggest that this supernova could have arisen either from the core-degenerate scenario or from the double-degenerate scenario.
The Effect of Rotation on Fingering Convection in Stellar Interiors
Authors: Sengupta S. , Garaud P. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
We study the effects of rotation on the growth and saturation of the double-diffusive fingering (thermohaline) instability at low Prandtl number. Using direct numerical simulations, we estimate the compositional transport rates as a function of the relevant nondimensional parameters—the Rossby number, inversely proportional to the rotation rate, and the density ratio that measures the relative thermal and compositional stratifications. Within our explored range of parameters, we generally find rotation to have little effect on vertical transport. However, we also present one exceptional case where a cyclonic large-scale vortex (LSV) is observed at low density ratio and fairly low Rossby number. The LSV leads to significant enhancement in the fingering transport rates by concentrating compositionally dense downflows at its core. We argue that the formation of such LSVs could be relevant to solving the missing-mixing problem in RGB stars.
Optically Thick H i Does Not Dominate Dark Gas in the Local ISM
Authors: Murray Claire E. , Peek J. E. G. , Lee Min-Young , Stanimirović Snežana 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
The local interstellar medium (ISM) is suffused with “dark” gas, identified by excess infrared and gamma-ray emission, yet undetected by standard ISM tracers such as neutral hydrogen (H i) or carbon monoxide emission. Based on observed dust properties from Planck, recent studies have argued that H i mixed with dust is strongly saturated and that dark gas is dominated by optically thick H i. We test this hypothesis by reproducing this model using data from Planck and new 21 cm emission maps from GALFA-H i—the first large-area 21 cm emission survey with comparable angular resolution to Planck. We compare the results with those from a large sample of H i column densities based on direct observations of H i optical depth, and find that the inferred column density corrections are significantly lower than those inferred by the Planck-based model. Further, we rule out the hypothesis that the pencil-beam H i absorption sight lines preferentially miss opaque “blobs” with small covering fraction, as these structures require densities and pressures that are incompatible with ISM conditions. Our results support the picture that excess dust emission in the local ISM is not dominated by optically thick H i, but is rather a combination of intrinsic changes in dust grain emissivities and H2 missed by CO observations.
Gamma-Ray Burst/Supernova Associations: Energy Partition and the Case of a Magnetar Central Engine
Authors: Lü Hou-Jun , Lan Lin , Zhang Bing , Liang En-Wei , Kann David Alexander , Du Shen-Shi , Shen Jun 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
The favored progenitor model for Gamma-ray Bursts (GRBs) with Supernova (SN) association is the core collapse of massive stars. One possible outcome of such a collapse is a rapidly spinning, strongly magnetized neutron star (“magnetar”). We systematically analyze the multi-wavelength data of GRB/SN associations detected by several instruments before 2017 June. Twenty GRB/SN systems have been confirmed via direct spectroscopic evidence or a clear light curve bump, as well as some spectroscopic evidence resembling a GRB-SN. We derive/collect the basic physical parameters of the GRBs and the SNe, and look for correlations among these parameters. We find that the peak brightness, 56Ni mass, and explosion energy of SNe associated with GRBs are statistically higher than other Type Ib/c SNe. A statistically significant relation between the peak energy of GRBs and the peak brightness of their associated SNe is confirmed. No significant correlations are found between the GRB energies (either isotropic or beaming-corrected) and the supernova energy. We investigate the energy partition within these systems and find that the beaming-corrected GRB energy of most systems is smaller than the SN energy, with less than 30% of the total energy distributed in the relativistic jet. The total energy of the systems is typically smaller than the maximum available energy of a millisecond magnetar (2 × 1052 erg), especially if aspherical SN explosions are considered. The data are consistent with—although not proof of—the hypothesis that most, but not all, GRB/SN systems are powered by millisecond magnetars.
Resolving Quiescent Galaxies at z ≳ 2. I. Search for Gravitationally Lensed Sources and Characterization of Their Structure, Stellar Populations, and Line Emission
Authors: Newman Andrew B. , Belli Sirio , Ellis Richard S. , Patel Shannon G. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Quiescent galaxies at z ≳ 2 are compact and have weak or absent emission lines, making it difficult to spatially resolve their kinematics and stellar populations using ground-based spectroscopy. Gravitationally lensed examples provide a promising route forward, but such objects are very rare. We describe a search in the fields of 232 galaxy clusters that has uncovered five bright (H
AB < 20) lensed galaxies with red near-infrared colors. These include MRG-M0138, which is the brightest lensed galaxy known in the near-infrared. Analysis of near-infrared spectra and multiband photometry confirms that all are quiescent galaxies at z = 1.95–2.64 with stellar ages of 0.5–1.4 Gyr (corresponding to formation epochs z
form ≃ 3–4) and stellar masses of

, where μ is the magnification. In three cases, we derive lens models and reconstruct the source structure; these galaxies are massive (

) and follow the mass–size relation defined by unlensed samples. In two of these three galaxies, the main structural component is an inclined disk. Weak emission lines are detected in four of five galaxies with high ratios [N ii]/Hα ≃ 2–6 that are inconsistent with a star formation origin. Based on the line ratios, the Hα equivalent widths, and the distribution and kinematics of the gas, we infer that shocks are likely to be present in at least two galaxies and could be present in all of the line emitters. We speculate that these could be analogs of local galaxies in which AGN jet-driven outflows are thought to heat the interstellar medium and suppress star formation. In further papers, we will present spatially resolved measurements of the stellar populations and kinematics of this unique sample.
Resolving Quiescent Galaxies at z ≳ 2. II. Direct Measures of Rotational Support
Authors: Newman Andrew B. , Belli Sirio , Ellis Richard S. , Patel Shannon G. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Stellar kinematics provide insights into the masses and formation histories of galaxies. At high redshifts, spatially resolving the stellar kinematics of quiescent galaxies is challenging due to their compact sizes. Using deep near-infrared spectroscopy, we have measured the resolved stellar kinematics of four quiescent galaxies at z = 1.95–2.64, introduced in Paper I, that are gravitationally lensed by galaxy clusters. Analyses of two of these have previously been reported individually by Newman et al. and Toft et al., and for the latter, we present new observations. All four galaxies show significant rotation and can be classified as “fast rotators.” In the three systems for which the lensing constraints permit a reconstruction of the source, we find that all are likely to be highly flattened (intrinsic ellipticities of ≈0.75–0.85) disk-dominated galaxies with rapid rotation speeds of V
max = 290–352 km s−1 and predominantly rotational support, as indicated by the ratio

Compared to coeval star-forming galaxies of similar mass, the quiescent galaxies have smaller V/σ. Given their high masses,

, we argue that these galaxies are likely to evolve into “slow rotator” elliptical galaxies whose specific angular momentum is reduced by a factor of 5–10. This provides strong evidence for merger-driven evolution of massive galaxies after quenching. Consistent with indirect evidence from earlier morphological studies, our small but unique sample suggests that the kinematic transformations that produced round, dispersion-supported elliptical galaxies were not generally coincident with quenching. Such galaxies probably emerged later via mergers that increased their masses and sizes while also eroding their rotational support.
The Radio Ammonia Mid-plane Survey (RAMPS) Pilot Survey
Authors: Hogge Taylor , Jackson James , Stephens Ian , Whitaker Scott , Foster Jonathan , Camarata Matthew , Roshi D. Anish , Di Francesco James , Longmore Steven , Loughnane Robert , Moore Toby , Rathborne Jill , Sanhueza Patricio , Walsh Andrew 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
The Radio Ammonia Mid-Plane Survey (RAMPS) is a molecular line survey that aims to map a portion of the Galactic midplane in the first quadrant of the Galaxy (l = 10°–40°,

) using the Green Bank Telescope. We present results from the pilot survey, which has mapped approximately 6.5 square degrees in fields centered at l = 10°, 23°, 24°, 28°, 29°, 30°, 31°, 38°, 45°, and 47°. RAMPS observes the NH3 inversion transitions NH3(1,1)–(5,5), the H2O 61,6–52,3 maser line at 22.235 GHz, and several other molecular lines. We present a representative portion of the data from the pilot survey, including NH3(1,1) and NH3(2,2) integrated intensity maps, H2O maser positions, maps of NH3 velocity, NH3 line width, total NH3 column density, and NH3 rotational temperature. These data and the data cubes from which they were produced are publicly available on the RAMPS website (http://sites.bu.edu/ramps/).
Spatial Organization of Seven Extreme Solar Energetic Particle Events
Authors: Kocharov Leon , Pohjolainen Silja , Reiner Mike J. , Mishev Alexander , Wang Haimin , Usoskin Ilya , Vainio Rami 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Emission of relativistic protons and helium responsible for extreme solar particle events (ground level enhancements (GLEs)) is often structured. We investigate its organization depending on the eruption stage characterized by the heliocentric height of associated coronal mass ejections (CMEs). Seven GLEs are considered: events on 1997 November 6, 1998 May 2, 2000 July 14, 2001 December 26, 2003 November 2, 2006 December 13, and 2012 May 17, which are half of the SOlar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO
)-era GLEs, excluding very weak events. Count-rate profiles of the GLEs plotted as a function of the CME height reveal two types (or two components) of the high-energy particle emission. The first component rises in a step-like manner during the CME transit from 2 R
⊙ to 3 R
⊙, when the CME exits from predominantly closed coronal magnetic structures, irrespective of the CME speed (type H). This component is of coronal origin. The second component of the GLE-producing particles starts to rise when CME is at about 4 R
⊙, achieves its maximum at 6–10 R
⊙, and declines shortly after that (type J). The type J particle injection into the interplanetary space coincides with the decametric–hectometric radio burst complex that includes enhanced emission of type II and concurrent low-frequency type III bursts, indicative of the CME interaction with a streamer-like structure at a few solar radii from the Sun. Those could be delayed particles from the flare region. A possible additional contribution of the CME-bow-shock acceleration in unstructured solar wind is not large in the two considered types of events.
Fading of the X-Ray Afterglow of Neutron Star Merger GW170817/GRB 170817A at 260 Days
Authors: Nynka Melania , Ruan John J. , Haggard Daryl , Evans Phil A. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
The multi-wavelength electromagnetic afterglow from the binary neutron star merger GW170817/GRB 170817A has displayed long-term power-law brightening, and has presented challenges to post-merger models of the non-thermal emission. The most recent radio observations up to 200 days post-merger suggest that the afterglow has finally peaked and may now be fading, but fading has not been confirmed in the X-rays. We present new, deep Chandra observations of GW170817/GRB 170817A at 260 days post-merger that reveal an X-ray flux of

erg s−1 cm−2, and confirm that the X-ray light curve is now also fading. Through rigorous comparisons with previous Chandra observations of GW170817/GRB 170817A, X-ray fading is detected between 160 and 260 days post-merger at a 4.4σ significance on the basis of the X-ray data alone. We further constrain the X-ray photon index to steepen by <0.5 at 3.1σ significance during this period, which disfavors the passing of the synchrotron cooling frequency through the X-ray band as the cause of the observed fading. These observations remain consistent with optically thin synchrotron afterglow emission. If this afterglow emission arises from a quasi-spherical mildly relativistic outflow, the X-ray fading suggests that the outflow is now decelerating. Alternatively, if this afterglow arises from a successful off-axis structured jet, the X-ray fading suggests that emission from the jet core has already entered the line of sight.
Styles de gestion de portefeuille et gouvernance des entreprises
Authors: Jacquillat Bertrand 
Published: July 2018

La montée en puissance de la gestion passive dans la gestion de l’épargne par les investisseurs institutionnels s’est très fortement accentuée au cours des dix dernières années. Elle traduit la conversion d’une partie des investisseurs au concept de l’efficience des marchés et l’attention portée aux coûts de la gestion active. Cette évolution a pu être jugée inquiétante car l’une de ses conséquences possibles était l’absence de surveillance des sociétés dans lesquelles cette épargne est investie. Toutefois, ces craintes semblent aujourd’hui infondées car à l’instar de Blackrock les principaux gestionnaires de gestion passive ont pris conscience de leur rôle sociétal et renforcé leurs équipes de suivi de la gouvernance. D’autres enjeux de gouvernance apparaissent néanmoins avec le développement des structures duales d’actionnariat dans les entreprises hightech cotées, le recours à l’intelligence artificielle et la forte croissance des marchés financiers chinois. Classification JEL : G11, G23, G32.
La notation de la responsabilité sociale et éthique des banques : profil d’un secteur à la croisée des chemins
Authors: Benseddik Fouad 
Published: July 2018

Au cours de cette dernière décennie, les entreprises du secteur bancaire ont défrayé la chronique par leurs nombreuses condamnations et leurs amendes records, totalisant plusieurs centaines de milliards d’euros. Aux pratiques contraires à l’éthique des affaires et aux défaillances des systèmes de contrôles internes s’ajoutent les montants soustraits aux autorités fiscales, dont le coût représenterait 2 % à 5 % du PIB mondial, ainsi que des incidences environnementales et sociales non ou insuffisamment prises en compte dans leurs opérations de financement et de prêt. La notation par Vigeo Eiris de la responsabilité sociale de plus de 350 établissements financiers à travers le monde confirme que ce secteur a encore du mal à rassurer sur sa capacité à assumer ses devoirs de conformité et à prévenir ses risques éthiques et de durabilité. Le score global moyen issu de la notation des banques et des institutions financières demeure limité (30,8/100), bien que supérieur au score moyen des 4 000 entreprises notées tous secteurs confondus (24,2/100). Le secteur apparaît comme étant à la croisée des chemins : derrière une minorité de leaders aux engagements et pratiques innovantes, la majorité des opérateurs du secteur fait preuve de difficultés à s’engager et à rendre compte de ses efforts sur le chemin de la durabilité. Classification JEL : G21, G24, G34, G38, M14.