bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Role of The Villain as A Determinant of The Existence of The Main Character
Authors: Pradiptha Anindya Putri 
Published: March 2019

Abstract. Comic is one of the popular literary works that combining pictures and languages. It can be a work if it consist of story that using language as the medium. The aims of this study is to explain the formula of the comic by using theories of comic, escapism, and the narration’s structure of an adventure comics, The Life and Times Of Scrooge McDuck created by Don Rosa. To get relevant data, this study is employ one method, namely; library study. In this paper, the writer used theories of comic by Scott McCloud, escapism by Cawelty, and the narration’s structure of Vladimir Propp. The result indicates that in this comic, there is the reality of the idea that the existence of the main character is manifested by the presence of the villains. Comic is a complete books that can teaching the reader which is not only understand the stories, but also the world view inside, it is the good ideology of the existence from the bad side.Keywords: comic, escapism, narration, existence, and the villains.Abstrak. Komik adalah salah satu karya sastra populer yang menggabungkan gambar dan bahasa. Hal ini dapat bekerja jika itu terdiri dari cerita yang menggunakan bahasa sebagai media. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menjelaskan formula komik dengan menggunakan teori komik, melepaskan diri, dan narasi struktur komik petualangan, hidup dan Gober Bebek dibuat oleh Don Rosa. Untuk mendapatkan data yang relevan, studi ini menggunakan satu teknik, yaitu;\ studi perpustakaan. Dalam tulisan ini, penulis menggunakan teori Komik oleh Scott McCloud, eskapisme oleh Cawelty, dan struktur narasi Vladimir Propp. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa di komik ini, ada realitas gagasan bahwa keberadaan karakter utama diwujudkan oleh kehadiran penjahat. Komik sebuah bacaan yang berisi, mendidik, dan berbobot, karena melalui komik pembaca tidak hanya memahami ceritanya saja, tetapi realitas ide di baliknya, yakni ideologi baik dari keberadaan si pelaku kejahatan.Kata kunci: komik, eskapisme, narasi, keberadaan, dan para penjahat.
The Appraisal of the Teacher’s Talk to Enhance Students’ Critical Thinking Skills Through Narrative Text in Design Thinking Pedagogy
Authors: Pribady Inggy Yuliani 
Published: March 2019

Design thinking has become a new trend at schools in different countries. There are many educators who are eager to adopt Design thinking as an effective strategy for helping their students to learn through solving real-world problems. For Indonesian context, Design Thinking provides a new innovative ground of teaching English in EFL setting. Teachers engage the students in collaborative problem solving, creative challenge, and foster social –emotional balance and stability. The paper portrays how the teacher conducts learning activities in the Empathy stage of Design Thinking to build students’ critical literacy from the start. The attitude domain of the appraisal theory is used to disclose the way of the teacher to guide the students to express their emotional reaction toward the story, to assess the behavior of the characters and construe the value of things in the text.The classroom discourse analysis shows that the teacher’s talk by employing the attitude resources plays important role in supporting the students to develop their critical thinking capacity and build their narrative’s content knowledge.The result of the study is expected to enrich the reference of appraisal discourse analysis theory and provide the example of the teaching practice for enhancing students’ critical thinking capacity in Narrative learning through Design Thinking pedagogy.
Nilai Filosofis dalam Chanoyu
Authors: Kastuti Teti Indriati 
Published: March 2019

This research is entitled Philosophical Value in Chanoyu. There are three problems formulated in this research, as follows; 1) Is there any philosophical value in Chanoyu? 2) How is philosophical value in seven rules of Sen no Rikyu (shichisoku), 3) How is philosophical value in four basic spiritual principles of Sen no Rikyu?. This research aims 1) to find out the illustration of philosophical value in Chanoyu, 2)to find out the illustration of philosophical value in seven rules of Sen no Rikyu, 3) to find out the illustration of philosophical value infour basic spiritual principles of Sen no Rikyu (shiki). This research employs descriptive method by developing data and real fact and literature method by using data from the available literature. The research results conclude that there are philosophical values in Chanoyu, philosophical value in seven rules of Sen no Rikyu and four basic spiritual principles of Sen no Rikyu are the basis of the highest idealism in the practice of Chanoyu. Keyword: chanoyu, philosophical value, shichisoku, shiki
TENDÊNCIAS DAS MIGRAÇÕES INTERESTADUAIS DE RETORNO NO BRASIL
Authors: Queiroz Silvana Nunes de 
Published: March 2019

Este trabalho tem como principal objetivo analisar e comparar as informações sobre a migração interestadual de retorno para todas as Unidades da Federação e Grandes Regiões brasileiras. Os microdados dos Censos Demográficos de 1980, 1991, 2000 e 2010 são a <br />principal fonte de informações, com o fluxo estudado durante os quinquênios de 1975/1980, 1986/1991, 1995/2000 e 2005/2010. Os resultados apontaram manutenção no volume de retornados para os estados de nascimento, com o fluxo envolvendo algo em torno de 1 milhão de pessoas ou cerca de 20% das migrações interestaduais no conjunto do país, desde a década de 1980. Quanto à distribuição regional, o Nordeste se destacou durante todo o período como <br />a principal área de recepção de retornados, representando o refluxo das saídas - do lugar de onde partiu o maior contingente de emigrantes, procede o maior número de imigrantes de retorno. Em nível estadual, o Ceará, Paraíba, Minas Gerais, Rio Grande do Sul e o Paraná, tradicionais áreas de perda populacional, receberam os maiores percentuais de regressados.
Geoturismo: proposta de valorização e sustentabilidade territorial alternativa ao turismo de “sol e praia” no litoral sul de Pernambuco – Brasil
Authors: Guimaraes Thaís Oliveira , Mariano Gorki , Sá Artur Agostinho Abreu 
Published: March 2019

<p>O Litoral Sul do Estado de Pernambuco compreende uma extensão de praias de 110 km, composta por sete municípios (Cabo de Santo Agostinho, Ipojuca, Sirinhaém, Rio Formoso, Tamandaré, Barreiros e São José da Coroa Grande). A região destaca-se por meio de sua configuração geológica, localização geográfica, ocorrências históricas e a atividade turística. Há milhões de anos a região foi palco de um dos grandes eventos tectônicos da história geológica da Terra, como a separação do mega continente Gondwana e consequente formação dos continentes Sul-americano e Africano ao fim do Período Cretáceo. Tais acontecimentos, associados aos processos exógenos ao longo de milhões de anos resultaram na atual configuração geológica e geomorfológica, representadas principalmente por rochas magmáticas (plutônicas e vulcânicas) e sedimentares que diferenciam a paisagem local. Associada a um patrimônio geológico de relevância global, o Litoral Sul de Pernambuco coleciona importantes eventos históricos, forte cultura local e comunidades tradicionais. A localização geográfica privilegiada lhe permite ainda sol durante todas as estações do ano. Tal cenário propiciou o desenvolvimento da atividade turística de sol e praia, que teve início na década de 1940 a partir do turismo de segunda residência. O presente trabalho destaca as principais características físicas e sociais do litoral sul de Pernambuco, expõe uma breve análise sobre a atividade turística atual na região e apresenta uma proposta de valorização ao turismo já existente, esta agora baseada nos pilares do patrimônio natural, geoconservação e desenvolvimento territorial sustentável. </p>
Elizabethkingia Meningoseptica: An Emerging Pathogen in Pediatric Patients.
Authors: Nazir Shaista , Angmo Dekyong , Fomda Bashir Ahmad , Iqbal Javid 
Published: March 2019

E. meningoseptica is widely distributed in fresh and salt waters, in the soil, and in some animals but is not considered a normal human microflora. It is a gram negative non-fermentative bacillus which is found in the hospital environment and associated with nosocomial infections. It causes various disease like endocarditis, peritonitis, bacteremia, pneumonia, pediatric meningitis. It is mostly associated with infections in the immunocompromised patients. Recognition of E. meningoseptica is of paramount importance for clinicians since multi-drug resistance is common for this organism and secondly it is resistant to antibiotics which are normally used in the treatment of gram negative infections and is sensitive to vancomyin. So knowledge about this organism and its sensitivity will help clinicans to start the antibiotic of choice promptly. We here reported 2 cases of Elizabethkingia meningoseptica in blood and pleural fluid from immunocompromised pediatric patients. JMS 2014;17(2):61-63
Prevalence of Lipitension in Kashmir North India: A Hospital Based Study
Authors: Ahmad Mushtaq , Sofi Fayaz Ahmad , Masoodi Shariq Rashid 
Published: March 2019

2 years hospital based prospective study was undertaken. 200 patients of hypertension and 150 normotensives were studied for abnormal lipid parameters. 72% hypertensives and 63.3% of normotensives were found to have Dyslipidaemia as per NCEPATPIII. JMS 2014; 17(2):59-60
Undulant Fever, Melitococemia and focalizations, Brucellosis to be rediscovered
Authors: Koul Ajaz Nabi 
Published: March 2019

Since, advent of 20th Century, Brucellosis has been making smoldering impact on health care system in developed as well as developing countries.The places dependent on livestock, intertied rural customs, social taboos and sub-optional immunization schedule make transmission of brucellosis rapid. Brucellosis mainly a zoonotic disease makes transmission from animal kingdom to humans through breach of good preventive guidelines. It presents mainly as Undulant fever, which characterizes itself as remitting and relapsing pattern. Its other name of Malta fever derive from its location in Portugal, Israel and Jordan. JMS 2015;18(2):122
MDRTB Then, XMDRTB Now and Then ……… Totally
Authors: Koul Ajaz Nabi 
Published: March 2019

Multi drug resistant tuberculosis has come up as a separate disease meriting different diagnostic and therapeutic options from conventional tuberculosis. Worldwide there has been considerable increase in MDRTB cases to 60,000 and less than 5% of them get management as desired by various infectious disease bodies. Another entity titled XMDRTB has of late assumed significant proportion of tuberculosis cases which is steaming into a new health related inferno. Some sporadic cases of tuberculosis have come up which are completely resistant to all anti-tubercular drugs, that should be an area of concern for all healthcare givers. JMS 2016; 19(1):12-17
Prevalence of Vitamin D Deficiency in Northern India
Authors: Narang Samisha , Binepal Sivjot , Khurana Supreet , Khurana M S , Binepal Haramrit , Narang A.P S 
Published: March 2019

Background and Objective: In India, widely consumed food items are rarely supplemented with vitamin D3. Indians do not take use of unlimited sunshine which can synthesize vitamin D in their body. Deficiency of vitamin D can lead to rickets, osteoporosis along withcardiovascular diseases, asthma, diabetes mellitus, cancer and autoimmune diseases. It was planned to estimate vitamin D (25-OH- Vitamin D3) in normal population. Methods: 25-OH-Vitamin D3 was estimated in three hundred males with equal number of females with the age range of 2- 80 years. They were divided into four groups depending upon their age. In 53.7% of normal population was found to be having vitamin D lower than 30 ng/ml. The deficiency was more prevalent in females as compared to males. Vitamin D level was significantly lower at the age groups of 2-20 and at 61-80 than other groups (i.e. 21-40 and 41-60 years).Interpretation: Most Indians do not get adequate sun exposure to produce required amount of vitamin D. People use sunscreen and to have fairer complexion, they avoid having use of sunshine. The public needs to be made aware of benefits of vitamin D. JMS 2016; 19(1):18-20
Haemophilia B
Authors: Sharma Neena , Yograj Sabita 
Published: March 2019

Haemophilia is a group of inherited blood disorders in which blood does not clot properly. Bleeding disorders are due to defect in blood vessels, the coagulation mechanism or the blood platelets. Blood coagulation mechanism is a process which transforms blood from a liquid into solid and involves different clotting factors that generates fibrin fibers through extrinsic or intrinsic coagulation pathway which along with platelet plug stops bleeding. When coagulation factors are deficient, the blood does not clot properly and bleeding continues. An affected individual may bleed spontaneously or for longer than a healthy person after injury or surgery. Haemophilia is a X-linked recessive disorder that affects males, and females are protected by normal gene on other X-chromosome. Queen Victoria was a carrier of haemophilia and passed the mutation to her son Leopold and through her daughters to members of Royal families of Spain, Russia and Germany. JMS 2016; 19(1):32-33
Forgotten “KANGRI” Related Severe Erythema Ab Igni
Authors: Koul Ajaz Nabi 
Published: March 2019

60 year old male resident of Kashmir who works on boats in scenic Dal lake of Kashmir and earns his livelihood by selling goods to tourists in this lake. He has to work in extreme cold conditions in the lake when temperatures touches minus 10 to 15 0 C. Sometimes the lake freezes into ice platform which at places is a meter thick.
Centuries ago Kashmiris have invented “KANGRI” which is earthen ware pot decorated and protected with wickerwork. Wood charcoal is put inside this earthenware and lit. As the coal burns a layer of ash is put on burning coal to dampen the intensity of heat. To increase the intensity of heat a spatula like wooden or brass handle is attached to the “KANGRI” which exposes the burning coal under the ash layer to intensify the heat. This “KANGRI” can be used under long robe named PHERAN worn by Kashmiris during winter to keep themselves warm. JMS 2016; 19(2):88-89
LEVOFLOXACIN ORAL CHALLENGE TEST
Authors: Qureshi Taha , Rasool Roohi , Qadri Qurteeba , Khan Talib , Shah Zafar Amin 
Published: March 2019

Drug allergy is one type of adverse reaction to drugs and encompasses a spectrum of hypersensitivity reactions with heterogeneous mechanisms and clinical presentations. It has been defined by the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology (BSACI) as 'an ADR with an established immunological mechanism' 1,2 . Diagnostic procedures in allergy diagnosis can be classified into the patient's history, in vivo skin testing, in vitro laboratory tests and provocation tests 3 . In situations in which there is a definite medical need for a particular agent, no suitable alternative agent exists, there are primarily two options for the patient with a drug allergy; a procedure to induce temporary drug tolerance can be performed to allow the patient to take the drug safely or a test dose or graded challenge can be administered to determine whether the patient is currently allergic to the particular drug .4 JMS 2016; 19(2):97-98
Slip-Spring and Kink Dynamics Models for Fast Extensional Flow of Entangled Polymeric Fluids
Authors: Moghadam Soroush , Saha Dalal Indranil , Larson Ronald G. 
Published: March 2019

We combine a slip-spring model with an ‘entangled kink dynamics’ (EKD) model for strong uniaxial extensional flows (with Rouse Weissenberg number W i R ≫ 1 ) of long ( M w > 1 Mkg / mol for polystyrene) entangled polymers in solutions and melts. The slip-spring model captures the dynamics up to the formation of a ‘kinked’ or folded state, while the kink dynamics simulation tracks the dynamics from that point forward to complete extension. We show that a single-chain slip-spring model using affine motion of the slip-spring anchor points produces unrealistically high tension near the center of the chain once the Hencky strain exceeds around unity or so, exceeding the maximum tension that a chain entangled with a second chain is able to support. This unrealistic tension is alleviated by pairing the slip links on one chain with those on a second chain, and allowing some of the large tension on one of the two to be transferred to the second chain, producing non-affine motion of each. This explicit pairing of entanglements mimics the entanglement pairing also used in the EKD model, and allows the slip spring simulations to be carried out to strains high enough for the EKD model to become valid. We show that results nearly equivalent to those from paired chains are obtained in a single-chain slip-spring simulation by simply specifying that the tension in a slip spring cannot exceed the theoretical maximum value of ζ ′ ϵ ˙ L 2 / 8 where ζ ′ , ϵ ˙ and L are the friction per unit length, strain rate and contour length of the chain, respectively. The effects of constraint release (CR) and regeneration of entanglements is also studied and found to have little effect on the chain statistics up to the formation of the kinked state. The resulting hybrid model provides a fast, simple, simulation method to study the response of high molecular weight ( M w > 1 Mkg / mol ) polymers in fast flows ( W i R ≫ 1 ), where conventional simulation techniques are less applicable due to computational cost.
A ∼60 day Super-orbital Period Originating from the Ultraluminous X-Ray Pulsar in M82
Authors: Brightman Murray , Harrison Fiona A. , Bachetti Matteo , Xu Yanjun , Fürst Felix , Walton Dominic J. , Ptak Andrew , Yukita Mihoko , Zezas Andreas 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Ultraluminous X-ray (ULX) pulsars are a new class of object powered by apparent super-critical accretion onto magnetized neutron stars. Three sources in this class have been identified so far; M82 X-2, NGC 5907 ULX-1, and NGC 7793 P13 have been found to have two properties in common; ∼1 s spin periods, and for NGC 5907 ULX-1 and NGC 7793 P13 periodic X-ray flux modulations on timescales of ∼60–80 days. M82 X-2 resides in a crowded field that includes the ULX M82 X-1 separated from X-2 by 5″, as well as other bright point sources. A 60 day modulation has been observed from the region, but the origin has been difficult to identify; both M82 X-1 and X-2 have been suggested as the source. In this paper we present the analysis of a systematic monitoring campaign by Chandra, the only X-ray telescope capable of resolving the crowded field. From a simple Lomb–Scargle periodogram analysis and a more sophisticated Gaussian Process analysis we find that only X-2 exhibits a periodic signal around 60 days, supporting previous claims that it is the origin. We also construct a phase-averaged flux profile of the modulations from higher-cadence Swift/XRT data and find that the flux variations in the Chandra data are fully consistent with the flux profile. Since the orbit of the neutron star and its companion is known to be 2.5 days, the ∼60 day period must be super-orbital in origin. The flux of the modulations varies by a factor of ∼100 from the minimum to the maximum, with no evidence for spectral variations, making the origin difficult to explain.
Estimation of the Particle Radiation Environment at the L1 Point and in Near-Earth Space
Authors: Laurenza M. , Alberti T. , Marcucci M. F. , Consolini G. , Jacquey C. , Molendi S. , Macculi C. , Lotti S. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
To characterize the particle radiation environment at the Lagrangian point L1 and in the near-Earth space we performed a systematic analysis of the particle flux data recorded by different instruments on board different spacecraft (ACE EPAM/LEMS120, IMP-8 CPME, and Geotail EPIC-ICS). We focused on protons in the poorly explored energy range ∼0.05–5 MeV, including energies of the so-called soft protons, which are critical for the Advanced Telescope for High Energy Astrophysics (ATHENA) mission, as well as the 145–440 MeV one, because high-energy particles affect all interplanetary missions. We estimated the energetic proton environment by computing the cumulative distribution functions for the different energy channels of each instrument and studied its variations with respect to solar activity. We obtained energetic proton spectra at cumulative probabilities (CPs) of 50% and 90% and worst-case scenarios, which can be used by the ATHENA mission for operational purposes and more generally for space weather hazards. We found an increase in the ∼0.05–5 MeV proton spectrum at 90% CP during the maximum phase of solar cycle (SC) No. 23 of about a factor from 3 to 5, depending on the energy, with respect to the overall period (1997–2014). Moreover, the 300–500 keV proton flux at 90% CP is higher during SC No. 21 by about a factor 1.5 and 3 compared to SC No. 22 and SC No. 23, respectively. Finally, variations with solar activity of the 145–440 MeV proton flux are within a factor of 2 at both 90% and 50% CPs, thus representing the low-energy galactic cosmic rays.
« Déguisé en Suisse » : les « Suisses » de Molière et leur langage
Authors: Haas Walter 
Published: March 2019

Le prétendu charabia des gardes suisses s’impose naturellement à l’attention de Molière, en raison de la présence des gardes suisses à la cour. Le public des comédies-ballets connaît cette « langue suisse », aisée à imiter, et dont l’effet comique est par conséquent garanti. Cet article étudie quelques propriétés de ce « suisse » exploité par Molière, et situe cette caricature linguistique dans le contexte de l’histoire des gardes suisses. Il propose enfin quelques considérations sur les fonctions poétologiques des langues défectueuses ou déviantes dans un texte littéraire.
Le théâtre anglais vu par les voyageurs français dans les années 1660
Authors: Louvat-Molozay Bénédicte , Déléris Alban 
Published: March 2019

Dans les années 1660, Samuel Sorbière ( Relation d’un voyage en Angleterre ), Samuel Chappuzeau ( Le Théâtre françois ) et Saint-Évremond (« Sur la Tragédie » et « De la comédie anglaise ») assistent, à Londres, à la représentation de pièces anglaises. La critique qu’ils en livrent est remarquable par le cadre esthétique et idéologique dans lequel elle s’inscrit : celui d’une comparaison avec le théâtre français qui vise à établir sa supériorité et sa valeur de modèle.
<b>Naturalismo moral no <i>Lucullus</i> de M. T. Cícero: a <i>virtutum cognitio</i> e a <i>perspicui adsensio</i> contra o ceticismo de Carnéades de Cirene
Authors: Dambros Bruno Rodrigo 
Published: March 2019

Neste artigo tratamos de dois trechos do texto Lucullus de Cícero – Lucullus VIII 23 e XII 38-39 – onde há a apresentação de dois importantes conceitos para a compreensão de sua querela com o ceticismo de Carnéades de Cirene, a saber, as noções de virtutum cognitio e de perspicui adsensio. Após uma introdução onde situamos o texto de Lucullus dentro do contexto dos Academica e de sua íntima relação com o tema da lex naturalis, na primeira seção mostramos como Cícero se alinha com a tese socrática sobre a relação entre conhecimento e virtude. Na segunda seção tratamos da virtutum cognitio como uma noção moral conatural prévia à especulação. E na terceira seção tratamos da perspicui adsensio como uma noção predecessora da ação moral. Concluímos reiterando que estes dois trechos em questão devem ser compreendidos dentro do tema geral da epistemologia moral ciceroniana, que inclui seu jusnaturalismo, pondo-o, assim, como um autêntico naturalista moral.