bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knowledge of public patient involvement among health economists in Ireland: a baseline audit
Authors: O'Shea Eamon , Ogbebor Florence , Queally Michelle , Murphy Edel 
Published: February 2019

Background: While there is growing public and patient involvement (PPI) in health research in Ireland, there is little information on the extent to which PPI has permeated the field of health economics research. The aim of this scoping study is to explore the knowledge and use of PPI among health economists in Ireland. Methods: This paper is based on a survey questionnaire administered electronically to all members of Health Economics Association of Ireland (HEAI). The study provides a baseline audit on the knowledge and use of PPI in health economics research. A review of the international literature on the interface between PPI and health economics informed the design of the questions used in the survey. Results: Half of respondents incorporate PPI in their health economics research. Two thirds report their knowledge of PPI as weak or fair; only 8% say it is excellent. PPI, when it occurs, is largely focused on the identification of research priorities and appropriate outcomes. Just over one third of respondents currently evaluate their PPI activities in health economic research; there is almost no focus on impact as part of the evaluation process. Conclusion: Health economists in Ireland do not have a strong knowledge of PPI, either in practice or in theory. They find PPI challenging due to limited time, resources, information and the absence of appropriate skills to engage patients and the public in their work. Education and training are needed to support greater use of PPI in health economics research.
Inter-rater reliability of the radiographic assessment of simple bone cysts
Authors: Cho S. , Yankanah R. , Babyn P. , Stimec J. , Doria A. S. , Stephens D. , Wright J. G. 
Published: February 2019

Purpose To develop and evaluate the reliability of an explicit set of parameters and criteria for simple bone cysts (SBCs) and evaluate the reliability of single versus serial chronological reading methods Methods Radiographic criteria were developed based on the literature and expert consensus. A single anteroposterior/lateral radiograph from 32 subjects with SBC were evaluated by three radiologists. A second reading was then conducted using revised criteria including a visual schematic. In the third reading the same images were assessed but radiologists had access to images from two additional time points. Inter-rater reliability was assessed after each reading using kappa (κ) and percentage agreement for categorical and binary parameters and intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) for continuous parameters. Results Parameters that were revised with more explicit definitions including the visual schematic demonstrated consistent or improved inter-rater reliability with the exception of continuous cortical rim present and cyst location in the metaphysis and mid-diaphysis. Cortical rim displayed only slight reliability throughout (κ= -0.008 to 0.16). All other categorical parameters had a percentage agreement above 0.8 or a moderate (κ= 0.41 to 0.60), substantial (κ = 0.61 to 0.80) or almost perfect inter-rater reliability (κ = 0.81 to 1.0) in at least one reading. All continuous parameters demonstrated excellent inter-rater reliability (ICC > 0.75) in at least one reading with the exception of scalloping (ICC = 0.37 to 0.70). Inter-rater reliability values did not indicate an obviously superior method of assessment between single and serial chronological readings. Conclusion Explicit criteria for SBC parameters used in their assessment demonstrated improved and substantial inter-rater reliability. Inter-rater reliability did not differ between single and serial chronological readings. Level of Evidence Not Applicable
Here Comes the Sun(Fish): Conservation and Restorage of an Extraordinary Natural History Specimen
Authors: Allington-Jones Lu , McKibbin Chelsea 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
A 19th-century dried and stuffed type sunfish at the Natural History Museum in London (UK) was collapsing under its own weight and was in poor physical condition. The effort to stabilize and rehouse the specimen by removing the stuffing and restoring the skin is described here. The thickness and rigidity of the skin, as well as mechanical equipment failure during treatment, presented challenges during the restoration project. Although the aesthetics are still suboptimal, the integrity of this scientifically important specimen was maintained. Furthermore, the specimen has been stabilized on a combination internal and external frame system and is now far more maneuverable.
Applicability of chloroplast DNA barcodes for wood identification between Santalum album and its adulterants
Authors: Jiao Lichao , He Tuo , Dormontt Eleanor E. , Zhang Yonggang , Lowe Andrew J. , Yin Yafang 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
The East Indian sandalwood, Santalum album L., is known for its fragrant heartwood and extractive oils. The increasing demand for the valuable sandalwood products has led to illegal and excessive logging, and there are other Santalum species in the commercial market as substitutes (adulterants). Improved tools for the identification of Santalum species are needed to control this situation. In this study, four chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) regions were screened (matK, psbA-trnH, trnK and trnL) on 35 vouchered specimens covering five Santalum species, i.e. Santalum acuminatum, S. album, Santalum lanceolatum, Santalum murrayanum and Santalum spicatum. The goal of this study was to test the species discrimination ability by means of both the TaxonDNA and neighbor-joining (NJ) methods. The results indicate that the combination of psbA-trnH+trnK gave the best performance for discrimination (100%) of the studied Santalum species concerning the discrimination ability and recovery rate. Meanwhile, six unvouchered wood specimens were retrieved and accurately identified at the species level based on the recommended DNA barcodes. The DNA barcode method is now ready for application in the monitoring of the trade of this valuable resource, and provides an effective approach for wood species identification and product authentication.
Crystal structure of (E)-2-(4-cyanophenyl)ethenesulfonyl fluoride, C9H6FNO2S
Authors: Brasil Edikarlos , Samipillai Marivel , Govender Thavendran , Kruger Hendrik G. , Naicker Tricia 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
C9H6FNO2S, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 7.2786(2) Å, b = 8.1014(3) Å, c = 16.1084(5) Å, α = 76.320(1)°, β = 87.918(1)°, γ = 80.784(1)°, V = 911.00(5) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0298, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0857, T = 100(2) K.
Crystal structure of (E)-N-((2S,3S,4R,10R,13S, 17S)-17-(1-(dimethylamino) ethyl)-2,4-dihydroxy-10,13-dimethylhexadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl)-2-methylbut-2-enamide, C24H48N2O3
Authors: Wu Qi-Yun , Wu Ji-Chun , Huo Shao-Jie , He Xi-Chen , Du Jiang 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
C24H48N2O3, monoclinic, P21 (no. 4), a = 14.805(3) Å, b = 10.0557(18) Å, c = 18.061(3) Å, β = 98.935(5)°, V = 2656.3(8) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0674, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1955, T = 173 K.
Inverting weak random operators
Authors: Gutierrez-Pavón Jonathan , Pacheco Carlos G. 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
We analyze two weak random operators, initially motivated from processes in random environment.
At first glance, these operators are ill-defined, but using bilinear forms, one can deal with them in a rigorous way.
This point of view can be found, for instance, in
[A. V. Skorohod,
Random Linear Operators,
Math. Appl. (Sov. Ser.),
D. Reidel Publishing, Dordrecht, 1984],
and it remarkably helps to carry out specific calculations.
In this paper, we find explicitly the inverse of such weak operators by providing the closed forms of the so-called Green kernel.
We show how this approach helps to analyze the spectra of the operators.
In addition, we provide the existence of strong operators associated to our bilinear forms.
Important tools that we use are the Sturm–Liouville theory and the stochastic calculus.
BSDEs with right upper-semicontinuous reflecting obstacle and stochastic Lipschitz coefficient
Authors: Marzougue Mohamed , El Otmani Mohamed 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
This paper proves the existence and uniqueness of a solution to reflected backward stochastic differential equations with a lower obstacle, which is assumed to be right upper-semicontinuous. The result is established where the coefficient is stochastic Lipschitz by using some tools from the general theory of processes such as Mertens decomposition of optional strong supermartingales and other tools from optimal stopping theory.
Mesoscopic Model on Frost Resistance of Marine Concrete Subjected to Chloride Ion
Authors: Li Ben , Wang Zhongrui , Zhang Yuxin , Liu Hongbo , Liu Xiaozhou , Shen Weiguo , Wang Liangliang , Li Xing 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
The properties of concrete subjected to freeze–thaw cycles in water, 10.5 g/L and 21.0 g/L Nacl solution, were investigated in this article. Based on the experimental results, the dynamic elastic modulus and compressive strength of concrete were measured during different numbers of freeze–thaw cycles. Then, the characterizations of the pore structure of concrete were analyzed on the basis of a mercury intrusion experiment. A mesoscopic model was presented based on the changes of pore structures for calculating the influence of chloride on the frost resistance of concrete. The results show that the contents of NaCl solution have a significant influence on the pore structure, compressive strength, and dynamic elastic modulus of concrete subjected to freeze–thaw cycles. The new mesoscopic model can help compensate for the lack of research on the effect of chloride diffusion on freeze–thaw cycles.
Genomic Resources forGoniozus legneri,Aleochara bilineataandPaykullia maculata, Representing Three Independent Origins of the Parasitoid Lifestyle in Insects
Authors: Kraaijeveld Ken , Neleman Peter , Mariën Janine , de Meijer Emile , Ellers Jacintha 
Published: February 2019

AbstractParasitoid insects are important model systems for a multitude of biological research topics and widely used as biological control agents against insect pests. While the parasitoid lifestyle has evolved numerous times in different insect groups, research has focused almost exclusively on Hymenoptera from the Parasitica clade. The genomes of several members of this group have been sequenced, but no genomic resources are available from any of the other, independent evolutionary origins of the parasitoid lifestyle. Our aim here was to develop genomic resources for three parasitoid insects outside the Parasitica. We present draft genome assemblies for Goniozus legneri, a parasitoid Hymenopteran more closely related to the non-parasitoid wasps and bees than to the Parasitica wasps, the Coleopteran parasitoid Aleochara bilineata and the Dipteran parasitoid Paykullia maculata. The genome assemblies are fragmented, but complete in terms of gene content. We also provide preliminary structural annotations. We anticipate that these genomic resources will be valuable for testing the generality of findings obtained from Parasitica wasps in future comparative studies.
Patient Outcomes in a Pediatric Hospital Medicine Service Staffed With Physicians and Advanced Practice Providers
Authors: DeWolfe Craig , Birch Sarah , Callen Washofsky Anne , Gardner Catherine , McCarter Robert , Shah Neha H. 
Published: February 2019

OBJECTIVES:Hospitals are employing more nurse practitioners and physician assistants on inpatient pediatric units. With this study, we compared patient outcomes in high-volume inpatient diagnoses on pediatric hospital medicine services staffed by attending physician hospitalists and residents (hospitalist and resident service [HRS]) with 1 staffed by attending physician hospitalists and advanced practice providers (HAPPS).METHODS:A historical cohort study was implemented by using administrative data for patients admitted to HRS and HAPPS from 2007 to 2011 with asthma, bronchiolitis, cellulitis, and pneumonia with severity levels 1 and 2 for all-patient refined diagnosis-related groups. Length of stay, readmission, ICU transfer, and hospital charges were compared.RESULTS:After controlling for clinical, demographic, and socioeconomic differences, the average probability of discharge was 10% greater each day (event ratio [ER] = 1.1 [1.06–1.14]) on HAPPS compared with HRS. By diagnosis, this trend persisted with asthma (ER = 1.07 [1.02–1.12]), cellulitis (ER = 1.2 [1.1–1.3]), and pneumonia (ER = 1.17 [1.08–1.28]) but not for bronchiolitis (ER = 0.99 [0.92–1.06]). Both 3- and 30-day readmissions were higher for HRS discharges with bronchiolitis (odds ratio = 5.9 [1.3–28.6] and 2.0 [1.3–3.3], respectively) but not for the other diagnoses. Hospital charges were 13% higher for patients on HRS than HAPPS. ICU transfers did not differ statistically.CONCLUSIONS:Within the limitations of the design, HAPPS performed at least as well as HRS with respect to length of stay, readmissions, ICU transfers, and charges for 4 of the most common inpatient diagnoses with severity levels 1 to 2. Indicated in these results is that in this configuration, advanced practice providers on pediatric hospitalist services represent a viable model for other institutions to consider and test.
Comparative study of results of treatment and selected prognostic factors of patients hospitalized in intensive care unit in year 2015 after incident of cardiac arrest with recovery of spontaneous circulation – preliminary report
Authors: Głowacki Łukasz , Stasiowski Michał , Możdżyński Bartłomiej , Szumera Izabela , Missir Anna , Król Seweryn , Pięta Małgorzata , Niewiadomska Ewa , Kazanowski Rafał , Krawczyk Lech 
Published: February 2019

WstępNagłe zatrzymanie krążenia (NZK) przed przyjęciem na oddział intensywnej terapii (OIT) występuje bardzo często i istotnie obciąża rokowanie. Do oceny jakości stanu zdrowia chorych po incydencie NZK z następczym powrotem spontanicznej akcji serca (<i>recovery of spontaneous circulation</i> – ROSC) aktualnie używa się Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS).Materiał i metodyAnalizowano wyniki 60 pacjentów po pozaszpitalnym (<i>out-of-hospital cardiac arrest</i> – OHCA) lub wewnątrzszpitalnym (<i>intra-hospital cardiac arrest</i> – IHCA) incydencie NZK i ROSC przed przyjęciem na OIT Wojewódzkiego Szpitala Specjalistycznego nr 5 w Sosnowcu w 2015 r. Stan zdrowia pacjentów w momencie wypisu z OIT i ze szpitala oceniano za pomocą skali GOS.WynikiPrzeżywalność chorych po NZK z ROSC do wypisu z OIT wynosiła 43,3% (n = 26), do wypisu ze szpitala – 36,7% (n = 22). Nie odnotowano istotnej statystycznie różnicy między finalnym stanem zdrowia ocenianym za pomocą skali GOS a mechanizmem czy miejscem wystąpienia NZK. Konieczność zastosowania katecholamin oraz stężenie mleczanów (LAC) > 8 mmol/l współistniały ze wzrostem śmiertelności (GOS 1). Wysokie stężenie LAC i ciężki stan neurologiczny (GOS 2–3) wydłużały czas leczenia na OIT w porównaniu z chorymi w zadowalającym stanie zdrowia (GOS 4–5).WnioskiDo wypisu ze szpitala przeżywa około 1/3 chorych hospitalizowanych na OIT po incydencie IHCA czy OHCA z ROSC, około 20% opuszcza szpital w stanie zdrowia pozwalającym na w miarę samodzielne życie, kolejne 20% w ciężkim stanie neurologicznym wymaga stałej opieki osób trzecich. Konieczność zastosowania katecholamin i wysoki poziom LAC przy przyjęciu na OIT koreluje ze złym rokowaniem. Dalsze badania należy prowadzić w celu poprawy wyników leczenia pacjentów, ukierunkowanym na powrót chorych do życia społecznego.
НОВЫЕ ДАННЫЕ ОБ ЭЛЕМЕНТНОМ СОСТАВЕ ПРИРОДНЫХ ВОД В РАЙОНЕ РАСПРОСТРАНЕНИЯ УРОВСКОЙ (КАШИНА–БЕКА) БОЛЕЗНИ (ЗАБАЙКАЛЬСКИЙ КРАЙ)
Authors: (Leonid V. Zamana) Замана Леонид Васильевич , (Leonid P. Rikhvanov) Рихванов Леонид Петрович , (Bulat R. Soktoev) Соктоев Булат Ринчинович , (Natalia V. Baranovskaya) Барановская Наталья Владимировна , (Ekaterina S. Epova) Эпова Екатерина Сергеевна , (Mariya A. Solodukhina) Солодухина Мария Анатольевна , (Larisa A. Mikhailova) Михайлова Лариса Альфредасовна , (Yulia G. Kopylova) Копылова Юлия Григорьевна , (Albina A. Khvashchevskaya) Хващевская Альбина Анатольевна 
Published: February 2019

Актуальность. Болезнь Кашина–Бека, или уровская болезнь, известна уже более 160 лет, однако до сих пор не выявлена истинная причина, вызывающая развитие данного заболевания. На данный момент известно более 20 теорий и гипотез, объясняющих причины ее появления, ведущей из которых является биогеохимическая, впервые предложенная А.П. Виноградовым. Согласно данной теории, болезнь Кашина–Бека обусловлена влиянием фактора окружающей среды в виде недостатка или избытка химического элемента/соединений. В связи с этим актуальным является изучение химического состава компонентов природной среды в зоне проявления данной болезни. Цель исследования: оценка химического состава природных вод, используемых для питьевого водоснабжения, на территории проявления болезни Кашина–Бека в Забайкальском крае. Объекты: подземные и поверхностные воды. Методы. Гидрогеохимический, элементный состав проб воды определен методом масс-спектрометрии с индуктивно связанной плазмой. Результаты. Изучено содержание 71 химического элемента, в том числе ранее не рассматриваемых для данной территории, в природных водах. Установлено, что воды, используемые для питьевого водоснабжения, характеризуются низким содержанием кальция, что может являться индикатором неблагополучия территории по этому заболеванию без отягчающего влияния как стронция, так фосфора и марганца. Содержания селена, как и йода, в изученных водах находятся ниже оптимального для питьевого использования уровня, что хорошо согласуется с литературными данными по Китаю, где в районах распространения болезни Кашина–Бека компоненты природной среды (воды, почвы, растительность) обеднены йодом. В данном случае недостаток йода может вызвать развитие эндемического зоба, на фоне которого уровская болезнь проявляется ярче.
STUDI PENERAPAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM BERBASIS MULTIKULTURAL DI INSTITUT AGAMA ISLAM NEGERI (IAIN) KERINCI
Authors: Alam Masnur 
Published: February 2019

Pada mata kuliah materi PAI di IAIN Kerinci selama ini ditemui beberapa permasalahan yakni bersifat teoritis,, hafalan teks, memprioritaskan ranah kognitif, kurikulum masih parsial, konservatif, ritualistik dan eskatologis semata. Dalam kurikulum tidak banyak membicarakan masalah hubungan antar manusia, terutama isu multikultural, sehingga akhirnya akan berdampak pada konflik dan muncul kelompok radikal, keras dan ekstrim. Tujuan penulisan artikel ini adalah untuk mencari solusi dengan mereformasi kurikulum sesuai dengan filosofis konsep PAI berbasis multikultural serta penerapan dalam proses perkuliahan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hal yang positif terhadap mahasiswa setelah dilakukan penerapan, maka akan terciptanya kedamaian dalam keragaman, kerukunan dalam kemajemukan, menjadikan keanekaragaman sebagai rahmat dan kekuatan. Tulisan ini mengajukan saran agar seluruh PTKIN dapat menginovasi kurikulum materi PAI supaya relevan dengan kebutuhan zaman dan kaffah/komprehensif, bukan sebagai ajaran yang sempit dan tertutup.
Pengaruh Pemberian Garam (NaCl) terhadap Kerusakan Telur Argulus Japonicus <br><i>[Effect of Salt (NaCl) Against Damage of Argulus japonicus Egg]<i>
Authors: Kismiyati Kismiyati , Fatiza Rakhmarani Nur , Kusdarwati Rahayu 
Published: February 2019

Abstract A. japonicus is a freshwater parasite which belonging as obligate parasite. Prevention and control of A. japonicus attacks still used an insecticides, such as organophosphates and other chemicals which are used as a control. The chemicals can damage environment and around the ecosystems. Salt (NaCl) can be used as control of A. japonicus infestation. NaCl is often used as A. japonicus control. The residues effect of using NaCl in fish culture is not known clearly. Therefore, NaCl can still be known as safety chemicals for aquaculture activities. This study aimed to inhibit hatching rate of A. japonicus. Definition the damage of egg is difference the egg condition from early condition and not whole return. In addition to, the damage process is refer to osmose dehydration. The study method was done by experiment with the experimental design was used Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with six treatments and five replicates. NaCl which used are 60 g/l, 70 g/l, 80 g/l, 90 g/l, 100 g/l and control. The main parameter is the percentage of hatching rate of A. japonicus. The support parameter on the research are otemperature (C), pH, DO (mg/l). Data analysis is using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The results showed that dipping with NaCl the influence of damage of A. japonicus eggs, but the analysis statistic did not provide the real difference treatment.
Perubahan Histopatologi Kulit Ikan Koi (Cyprinus carpio) yang Terinfestasi Ichthyophthirius multifiliis Secara Kohabitasi <br><i>[Skin Histopathology Alteration of Koi (Cyprinus carpio) With Ichthyophthirius multifiliis Infested Accordance Cohabitation]<i>
Authors: Mahasri Gunanti , Wulandari Lyla , Kismiyati Kismiyati 
Published: February 2019

AbstractKoi (Cyprinus carpio) is one of the most famous freshwater ornamental fish which offers financial advantage. There are a lot of factors which have to be face when we're trying to cultivate or culture Koi, one of those factors is the disease. Parasite which always in freshwater fishes is Ichthyophthirius multifiliis. I. multifiliis penetrated through skin causing destruction ephitelium cells by cilia and by consequent causing a histopathological changing. The objectives of this research was to determine alteration of Koi (Cyprinus carpio) skin histopathology which infested by I. multifiliis through cohabotation. Cohabitation was done during 4 days with mixing 7 fishes infected with white spot disease to 100 healthy fishes. Koi that had been infested observing of pathology changes. And than slicing the skin organ to prepare histopatology slide from 3 sample in every level infestation. To detect the level infestation, parasite was divide into 3 level respectivelly are low level (1-5 parasite/slide), the medium level (6-10 parasites/slide) and the heavy level (more than 11 parasites/slide). Furthermore, damage level determination by histopatology was decided by scoring. Data analyzed with descriptive based on clinical simptom, and than, the skin histopatology which had been attacked was done by scoring. The results would be analyzed statistical with Kruskal Wallis test. If it is show the significant defference, the test would be continued with Z test 5% (Siegel, 1986). The research showed that the fish skin Koi infestation by I. multifiliis there was histopatology changed shaped respectivelly epidermis proliferation, infiltration of inflammation cell and ephithel erosion. Based on histopatological changed skoring caused by I. multifiliis infestation from various infestation grade, there were 62.2% of Koi fish skin was epidermis proliferasi, 73.3% of one was infiltration of inflammation cell and 28.9% ephithel erosion. Water quality measurement showed that temperature and acidity in normal condition, respectively otemperature between 24–26 C dan pH 8.