bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
KOMPETENSI PUSTAKAWAN UNIVERSITAS BRAWIJAYA YANG DIPERSYARATKAN MAMPU BERSAING DALAM MENGHADAPI MEA (MASYARAKAT EKONOMI ASEAN)
Authors: Pratiwi Kurniasih Yuni 
Published: February 2019

Perubahan era baru memberikan dampak yang sangat signifikan terhadap institusi perpustakaan. Kebutuhan terhadap perpustakaan dirasakan oleh semua lapisan masyarakat, sehingga perkembangan kepustakawanan disejumlah negara maju dapat memberikan kontribusi yang sangat berarti dalam menata dan menetapkan agenda-agenda strategis kepustakawanan Indonesia dalam era informasi. Pustakawan sebagai pelopor penyedia jasa informasi dan berkecimpung pada sector keahlian khusus sangat berperan penting menunjukkan kredibilitasnya dalam menyongsong datangnya MEA (Masyarakat Ekonomi Asean) karena ini memberikan kesempatan yang sangat berharga untuk menunjukkan kepada dunia luar bahwa Indonesia mampu bersaing dalam segala hal profesionalisme dan kompetensi pustakawan yang handal, tangguh dan berwawasan luas sangat dibutuhkan demi menyambut MEA (Masyarakat Ekonomi Asean). Peran pustakawan akan semakin berkembang, kini pustakawan tidak hanya mengklasifikasi buku, melayani sirkulasi saja tetapi dituntut secara profesionalisme untuk memberikan informasi secara cepar, tepat, akurat dan efisien. Pustakawan dituntut untuk mengembangkan kompetensi yang ada dalam dirinya guna mendukung program Tri Dharma Perguruan Tinggi demi mewujudkan Perguruan Tinggi yang bertaraf Internasional dalam menghadapi pasar bebas MEA (Masyarakat Ekonomi Asean). Kata kunci: kompetensi, pustakawan, Masyarakat Ekonomi Asean
Association of celiac disease genetic markers with reproduction disorders
Authors: Minaycheva L. I. , Bragina E. Yu. , Zhalsanova I. Zh. , Chesnokova N. A. , Marusin A. V. 
Published: February 2019

Background: Numerous studies have shown a link between genes involved in the immune response and infertility and miscarriage. The most significant associations have been established for the cytokine genes (IL1B, IL6, IL10, IL18), chemokine genes (CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11), and genes of the major histocompatibility complex HLA II class (DQA1, DQB1, DRB1). HLA genes are associated with celiac disease, a genetically determined autoimmune disorder, where male and female reproduction impairment is one of the symptoms. Aim: To assess the prevalence of polymorphic variants of the immune response genes (HLA: DQA1 DQB1, DRB1; TNF, IL10, CXCL10) in patients with reproduction disorders. Materials and methods: This pilot study involved assessment of the following gene polymorphisms: IL10 (rs1800872), TNF (rs1800629), CXCL10 (rs4386624), and HLA class II (DQA1, DQB1, DRB1) in couples (n = 220) with reproduction disorders (infertility and miscarriage). Genotyping was performed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) methods. The genotypes and alleles population data were used for comparison with the studied variants of the genes IL10 (rs1800872), TNF (rs1800629), and CXCL10 (rs4386624). Differences in the prevalence of alleles and genotypes were assessed by χ2 test. The differences were considered significant at p < 0.05. Haplotype diversity was calculated by the Arlequin software, version 3.5.x. Results: Compared to the populational data, there was significant re-distribution of the genotypes and alleles to the TNF gene (rs1800629) variant in men with impaired reproductive functions. No differences were found for other gene variants studied. The frequency of HLA class II gene (DQA1, DQB1, DRB1) haplotypes associated with celiac disease (DQ2 and DQ8) in the study sample was 23.8%. Conclusion: The results indicate the important role of genes associated with celiac disease in the development of reproduction disorders.
Effect of Adding Aspergillus niger Mushroom on Patchouli Fermentation Process
Authors: Pawestri Alivia Maulidina , Fitri Noor 
Published: February 2019

Indonesia is one of the biggest exporter country for essential oils in the world. One of Indonesia's essential oil export commodities is patchouli oil. Almost 90% of the worldâ€™s patchouli oil are exported from Indonesia. Various studies to improve the quality of Indonesian patchouli oil were carried out. In this research, the process of fermentation of patchouli raw material was conducted to enhance the quality of patchouli oil. Patchouli fermentation was carried out using A. niger. Preparation processes were carried out prior to distillation including withering, size reducing and fermenting. Patchouli was withered for 24 hours. Patchouli was cut into pieces and weighed as much as 800 grams (3 leaves: 1 stem) after withered. Patchouli fermentation was conducted anaerobically for 20 hours. Varying the addition of A. niger used was 5 mL, 10 mL, 15 mL and 25 mL mixed in 400 mL of distilled water. The amount of A. niger colonies was 8.8 x 105 /mL. Extraction of patchouli oil was performed by water bubble distillation. The chemical and physical properties of the patchouli oil were analyzed and compared to the quality standard of patchouli oil according to SNI 06-2385-2006. Chemical compound of patchouli oil was identified using GC-MS. The main compound of the patchouli oil is patchoulol. The GC-MS result indicates that patchoulol content increases with the increasing addition of A. niger. The content of patchoulol was detected up to 93.75 %w/w in patchouli oil. The optimal concentration of Â A. niger is 1.875% that produces the highest patchoulol content with an increase of up to 194.6 % compared to those of without A. niger (J0).
Acute clouding of hydrophilic acrylic copolymer intraocular lenses:four cases report
Authors: Wang Xiaochen , Huang Yusen , Wu Xiaoming 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Background: Intraoperative acrylic intraocular lenses (IOLs) transient clouding of several kinds of hydrophilic IOLs have been reported due to temperature changes. However, we ignored the particularity of its material and the handling methods.
Case presentation: We present four cases of acute clouding of hydrophilic acrylic intraocular lenses (IOLs). Four patients underwent phacoemulsification cataract surgery with implantation of L-312, 809M, and 839M IOLs, respectively. The IOLs became opaque in varying degrees during surgery. Lens replacement was performed immediately in one case, while the cloudy IOLs were remained in the other three cases. Postoperatively, all IOLs recovered transparency.
Conclusions：Temperature fluctuation was the cause of the acute opacification of these IOLs made of hydrophilic acrylic copolymers, which reminds us of attaching importance to the temperature of IOL storage and delivery in winter months.
Keywords: Opacification, transient, temperature, material, cataract.
Do People Who Identify as Popular Become Popular in a New Network? A 9-Month Longitudinal Network Analysis
Authors: Carpenter Christopher J. , Zhu Xun , Smith Rachel A. 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Although scholars have argued that people actively shape and reshape their social networks (e.g., Parks, 2016), this aspect of relational development has received little attention. This study sought to determine if people’s self-perceptions of interpersonal communication skills translated into behavior that led to relationship formation in a new network. A 9-month longitudinal social network analysis (N = 94) of the residents of a first-year university residence hall using Facebook tie data was conducted to assess network changes. Results indicate that both self-perceived network centrality in a hypothetical friendship sociogram (Smith & Fink, 2015) and self-reported connector scores (Boster et al., 2011) are good longitudinal predictors of relationship development. Those who began by self-identifying as central, became central.
Development of PLEAD: A Database Containing Event‐based Runoff Phosphorus Loadings from Agricultural Fields
Authors: Bolster Carl H. , Baffaut Claire , Nelson Nathan O. , Osmond Deanna L. , Cabrera Miguel L. , Ramirez‐Avila John J. , Sharpley Andrew N. , Veith Tamie L. , McFarland Anne M. S. , Senaviratne Anomaa G. M. M. M. , Pierzynski Gary M. , Udawatta Ranjith P. 
Published: February 2019

Computer models are commonly used for predicting risks of runoff P loss from agricultural fields by enabling simulation of various management practices and climatic scenarios. For P loss models to be useful tools, however, they must accurately predict P loss for a wide range of climatic, physiographic, and land management conditions. A complicating factor in developing and evaluating P loss models is the relative scarcity of available measured field data that adequately capture P losses before and after implementing management practices in a variety of physiographic settings. Here, we describe the development of the P Loss in runoff Events from Agricultural fields Database (PLEAD)—a compilation of event‐based, field‐scale dissolved and/or total P loss runoff loadings from agricultural fields collected at various research sites located in the US Heartland and southern United States. The database also includes runoff and erosion rates; soil‐test P; tillage practices; planting and harvesting rates and practices; fertilizer application rate, method, and timing; manure application rate, method, and timing; and livestock grazing density and timing. In total, >1800 individual runoff events—ranging in duration from 0.4 to 97 h—have been included in the database. Event runoff P losses ranged from <0.05 to 1.3 and 3.0 kg P ha−1 for dissolved and total P, respectively. The data contained in this database have been used in multiple research studies to address important modeling questions relevant to P management planning. We provide these data to encourage additional studies by other researchers. The PLEAD database is available at https://doi.org/10.15482/USDA.ADC/1482380.Core Ideas
Development of database containing P loss from agricultural fields is described.
We provide public access to P loss data for individual runoff events.
The data can be used to evaluate P loss models and P Indices.
Mulch‐Derived Organic Carbon Stimulates High Denitrification Fluxes from Agricultural Ditch Sediments
Authors: Nifong Rachel L. , Taylor Jason M. , Moore Matthew T. 
Published: February 2019

Reactive N is an essential input for healthy, vibrant crop production, yet excess N is often transported off field via agricultural ditches to downstream receiving ecosystems, where it can cause negative impacts to human health, biodiversity loss, as well as eutrophication and resultant hypoxia. Denitrification, the transformation of reactive N to unreactive N2 gas, within agricultural ditches has potential to reduce impacts to downstream ecosystems but requires substantial organic C substrates. We used a flow‐through intact core experiment to test the effects of low‐cost management options including a common agricultural amendment, gypsum, and an overlying hardwood mulch layer on promoting denitrification within agricultural ditch sediments. We found significantly higher denitrification potentials in mulch (11.2 mg N2–N m−2 h−1) and mulch–gypsum cores (9.2 mg N2–N m−2 h−1) than in gypsum (1.3 mg N2–N m−2 h−1) or control cores (0.6 mg N2–N m−2 h−1). Higher denitrification rates corresponded with high dissolved organic C (DOC) fluxes within the mulch and mulch–gypsum treatments (72.8–115.2 mg m−2 h−1) and were ultimately able to remove 65 to 69% of N loads. Results indicate DOC from overlying mulch additions to agricultural ditches significantly increase denitrification in intact cores and suggest that the addition of DOC sources in agricultural ditches may contribute a simple, low‐cost option to reduce reactive N export and improve ecological outcomes within aquatic agroecosystems.Core Ideas
Applying mulch to ditch surfaces produced high denitrification efficiency (65–69%).
Gypsum reduced P fluxes associated with mulch additions.
Gypsum and mulch additions within ditches may be a new way to mitigate nitrate.
Low‐cost, simple within‐ditch bioreactors expand the scope of bioreactors as a tool.
Gypsum and Carbon Amendments Influence Leachate Quality from Two Soils in Ohio, USA
Authors: Walia Maninder K. , Dick Warren A. 
Published: February 2019

Core Ideas
In Hoytville clay loam soil, gypsum significantly increased Ca, Mg, S, and Na concentrations in leachates and decreased P and Fe.
In Wooster silt loam soil, gypsum reduced K and increased Ca and S concentrations.
Residues and glucose increased P concentration significantly in leachates collected from both soils.
Concentration of trace elements in leachates were found to be below maximum contaminant limits.
Lower rate of gypsum (8.9 Mg ha–1) application is sufficient to reduce P loads in leachate water.
Interest and awareness by farmers and land managers of the potential impacts of gypsum and crop residues to improve soil quality is increasing. However, how these amendments affect water quality of two contrasting soil types in Ohio is not well understood. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to study the leachate quality in response to addition of crop residues (0 and 13.4 Mg ha–1), glucose (0 and 4.5 Mg ha–1), and gypsum (0, 8.9, and 26.9 Mg ha–1) to Wooster silt loam (mixed, mesic Typic Fragiudalfs) and Hoytville clay loam (fine, illitic, mesic Mollic Epiaqualfs) soils. Constant head of water was used to generate leachate for 25 min and samples were analyzed for pH, nutrients, and heavy metals. In Hoytville soil, gypsum significantly increased Ca, Mg, S, and Na concentrations in leachates and decreased P and Fe. However, no significant differences were observed between gypsum low and high rates on P reductions in leachate water. In Wooster soil, gypsum reduced K and increased Ca and S concentrations. Residues and glucose increased P concentration significantly in leachates collected from both soils. Glucose addition increased Ca and Mg concentrations in leachates from the less pH buffered Wooster soil, but these elements were decreased for the Hoytville soil. Concentration of trace elements in leachates were found to be below maximum contaminant limits as prescribed by USEPA in drinking water standards. The lower rate of gypsum (8.9 Mg ha–1) application is sufficient to reduce P loads in leachate water and reduces cost compared with higher application rates.
Sensitivity analyses of resonant frequencies and modal strain energy of damaged beams by perturbation method
Authors: Chen G. , Gong P. P. , Liang P. 
Published: February 2019

A new perturbation method has been proposed to investigate the sensitivities of the eigen-parameters (frequencies and mode shapes) and the modal strain energy density of a damaged beam. The sensitivities were obtained via the Rayleigh quotient and Taylor series expansion. The damage was simulated by the reduction in the cross-sectional area of the beam. The theoretical relationships were established between the damage parameter and the variations of the frequency and modal strain energy. The analytical formulae explicitly reveal the underlying mechanism that, the frequency, which is closely related to the modal strain energy of the entire structure, is less sensitive to the local damage; the modal strain energy density, on the other hand, is able to reflect the local damage in a small region. The results of the perturbation analyses were validated with the finite element analyses and experimental tests of the beam models with 2 damage levels. The first resonant frequencies decrease slightly with the increases of the damage. When 30 % of the cross-sectional area is cut off in the damaged zone, the first resonant frequencies are still 95 % and 98 % those of the intact beam for the bending vibration around x-axis and around y-axis; meanwhile, the modal strain energy increases 94 % and 54 % in the damage zone, which closely correlates with the local damage parameters. The proposed perturbation method has the potential to assess the quality of damage indictors faster and more easily than FE and experimental methods.
Biodiversity Governance in Developing Countries: Brazil 1990-2010
Authors: Couto Tatiana 
Published: February 2019

This article approaches the evalution of various modes of environmental governance in developing countries by analyzing the Brazilian policy towards biological diversity between 1990 and 2010. Governance is broadly defined as an ensemble of systems of coordination and control among a variety of players with different purposes and objectives. This study draws on previous works on governance in the European Union (EU) that identify four main types of relationships between various political actors. Such relationships may be classified as follows: a) statism, characterized by a hierarchical relationship among political actors; b) pluralism, where a wider variety of private actors is observed; c) corporatism, where the state acts together with privileged private actors, and d) networks formed by public and private actors interacting over time. A historical-institutionalist approach coupled with process-tracing methodology allows for the comparison, over time, of critical trends in biodiversity governance clustered around three dimensions: actors (public-private dimension); institutions (rules and structures, decision making), and policy outcomes. By adapting this typology to the Brazilian case, this article seeks to shed light on the means by which public and private actors from developing countries participate in the formulation and negotiation of policies to contain biodiversity loss.Keywords: Biodiversity policy, Brazil, historical institutionalism, governance.
Cidadania do Conhecimento: o Sistema de Pontos Canadiano e a Cartão Azul da União Europeia Desvendados
Authors: Pedreira Sonya 
Published: February 2019

Não obstante a crescente procura de migrantes altamente qualificados (detentores de conhecimento científico e tecnológico - logo o conhecimento por excelência nas sociedades hodiernas), pouca atenção é dispensada à avaliação dos sistemas de seleção que estão a montante da sua entrada em sociedades altamente competitivas. Este artigo procura expor uma análise crítica ao sistema de pontos canadiano e ao cartão azul da UE, enquanto instrumentos políticos legais de elevado significado político operacionalizados para a cativação de emigrantes altamente qualificados. Assim, iremos analisar e discutir com particular atenção as implicações destes sistemas na modelagem dos processos de integração e da própria cidadania, desvendando as dimensões inclusora e exclusora do conhecimento enquanto critério de acesso à legalidade e à cidadania. Este estudo conduz-nos a quatro grandes conclusões: (1) ambos os sistemas contribuem para a estratificação de indivíduos, (2) estes sistemas de seleção permitem a institucionalização da descriminação social e até cultural, (3) um número significativo de migrantes altamente qualificados enfrentam diversas barreiras na integração na sociedade canadiana, e (4) o sistema de pontos tal como o sistema do cartão azul revelam-se como sistemas de seleção restritivos e elitistas que fomentam a exclusão e o surgimento de uma cidadania fundamentada no conhecimento, promovendo subsequentemente uma política de 'education-based discrimination'.
44 e-mails Pedagógicos: Entre o Cuidado e o Abandono Líquidos
Authors: Silva Nilce Da , Quevedo Thelmelisa Lencione 
Published: February 2019

A partir de 2009, o grupo de "Estudos sobre populações imigrantes no Brasil e no mundo: o papel da instituição escolar" (cadastrado desde 2002 no Diretório de grupos de pesquisa do CNPq) implantou o projeto de pesquisa intitulado "As novas tecnologias de comunicação e o aprender a ler e a escrever em língua portuguesa: um estudo sobre a intersecção do´mundo das letras´ e do ´mundo virtual´". Dentre as várias ações investigativas que empreendemos, tratamos neste artigo - inspirados no filme O Silêncio de Lorna - de analisar momentos da relação pedagógica instituída na Faculdade de Educação da Universidade de São Paulo com o auxílio das novas tecnologias de informação, mais especificamente o email, o MSN e o blog. À luz dos conceitos de cuidado de (WINNICOTT) e de abandono (BAUMAN), discutiremos o Zoon Politikon (ARISTÓTELES), ser carente e imperfeito, que precisa do outro para sua completude.
Democracy and the Dynamics of Indifference
Authors: Varnero Rawson Stefania 
Published: February 2019

The present study adresses the problem of citizen indifference in democracy and argues that there is a causal connection between sovereign state interest and the pervasive influence od indifference among citizenry. This research argues that political indifference is the result of precise dynamics that gradually dissolve the democratic foundations of the state and impose a stronger authority. A a consequence, three dynamics of indifference are proposed as drivers of sovereign interest to render a citizenry passive on issues of democratic importance. There are 'paranoid thinking' based on fear, where a problem marked by urgency activates insecurity and instigates citizens to request the state´s strong intervention. The 'epistemology of control' based on a central structure of command marks the second dynamic as a progressive pluralisation of powers, with political pratices increasingly substracted to the public's jurisdiction. Finally, the third 'dynamic invisibility and marginality' signals the disappearance of the initial problem from the public interest. I suggest that the use of discourse constructed around these three dynamics is the key to controlled opinions in lieu of a flagrant ideological indoctrination. The resulting effect is that the state is strengthened whilst the civic engagement of citizens desintegrates, yet within processes that remain 'democratic' in form if not substance.Key-Words: Democracy, Citirency, Political Indifference, Sovereignty.
Political Parties and Participative Approaches to Democracy
Authors: Gianolla Cristiano 
Published: February 2019

Representative democracy is currenty facing strong social criticism for its incapacity to envolve people in a way that makes them part of the decision-making process. An existing gap between the representatives and the represented is hereby emphasized. In this space, the role of political parties is central in order to bridge society with institutions. How much are parties concerned about this issue? How and in which context do they interact more with their electorate and the wider society? Participatory democracy is emerging throughout the world in different forms and with different results, but the dominant pattern of democracy remains the liberal western democratic paradigm in which people can contribute barely through electing candidates. In order to achieve what Boaventura de Sousa Santos calls ‘democratisation of democracy’ the role of political parties is therefore fundamental in particular to achieve a more participative democracy within the representative model. This article approaches this theme through a bibliographic review comparing social movements and political parties with a focus on the innovation of the Five Star Movement in Italy. Finally, it provides a reading of the relationship between political parties andparticipation, including good practice and perspectives.KEYWORDS: Participation, political parties, social movements, political movements, representative democracy, participatory democracy.