bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of morning versus afternoon surgery on peri‐operative disturbance of sleep–wake timing: An observational study
Authors: Meewisse Arjen J. G. , van Huizen Elise C. , Choi Kee Fong , Kok‐de Goede Esther N. , Turgman Oren , Schenk Jimmy , Stenvers Dirk Jan , Hermanides Jeroen , van Zuylen Mark L. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIntroductionThe circadian timing system regulates diurnal sleep–wake rhythm. Previously, we showed that, in patients undergoing elective surgery, sleep–wake timing is altered and post‐operative sleep quality is reduced. However, how the timing of the surgical procedure affects the disturbance and what other factors affect this disturbance remain unknown.MethodsSingle‐centre prospective observational study investigating the influence of surgery timing on post‐operative sleep in adult patients (≥18 years) undergoing elective surgery. Sleep–wake timing was measured from three nights before until seven nights after surgery with a daily sleeping log. Primary outcome was post‐operative midpoint of sleep shift between patients undergoing morning and afternoon surgeries. Secondary outcomes included factors affecting sleep timing disturbance and changes in subjective sleep quality.ResultsWe included 259 patients: 144 patients underwent morning procedures (08:00 h–12:00 h) and 115 underwent afternoon procedures (12:00 h–17:00 h). Both groups had significant phase advance of midpoint of sleep on the night after surgery when compared with three nights before surgery (mean − 00:41 h, 95% CI −00:27 h to −00:54 h, p < .001, for morning surgery and mean − 00:28 h, 95% CI −00:09 h to −00:46 h, p = .003, for afternoon surgery). However, there was no between‐group difference (mean − 00:13 h, 95% CI −00:35 h–00:09 h, p = .25). Reduction of sleep quality was also similar. Phase advance was larger for patients with an evening chronotype or with lower pre‐operative sleep quality. Decline of sleep quality after surgery was larger for patients with an evening chronotype, longer procedures or better pre‐operative sleep quality.ConclusionOur results suggest that the timing of surgery between 08:00 h and 17:00 h does not modulate the effect of anaesthesia and surgery on phase of the sleep–wake rhythm in patients undergoing elective surgery with a low pre‐operative risk of delirium.Editorial CommentTiming of surgery may impact post‐operative sleep. However, in this prospective cohort study of elective surgical patients, sleep–wake timing and post‐operative sleep quality did not differ between those undergoing morning versus afternoon surgery.
CEO political ideology and risk factor disclosure
Authors: Seo Jiwoo , Esplin Adam , Ke Yun 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWe examine whether and how CEO political ideology affects risk factor disclosure. Using CEO political contributions to proxy for ideology, we find that firms with Republican‐leaning CEOs provide less risk factor information than those with non‐Republican‐leaning CEOs. Our findings are robust using a propensity score‐matched sample, entropy balancing, and a two‐stage residual inclusion approach. The impact of political ideology on risk factor disclosure is stronger when the CEO has more power over corporate decision‐making and is mitigated by higher litigation risk. Our results suggest that politically conservative CEOs prioritise certainty and security, leading them to safeguard confidential information or avoid negative publicity by being transparent about company risks.
Associations between big five personality dimensions and lifetime use of cannabis
Authors: Jain Tanya , Patriquin Michelle , Sanches Marsal 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesWith the rise in cannabis use over the last couple of decades and shifting social views around drug use, the characterization of potential predictors for the development of cannabis use disorder (CUD) may be of high relevance for the implementation of preventive measures toward this condition. We conducted a study with the aim of analyzing possible associations between personality traits and CUD.MethodsOur sample consisted of 1335 inpatients admitted to The Menninger Clinic between September 2016 and December 2021. All participants completed the Big Five Inventory for the characterization of their personalities. The presence of a diagnosis of CUD and other substance use disorders was established through the administration of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM‐5 (SCID‐5). Patients with and without a lifetime diagnosis of CUD were compared with regard to their scores in the five personality dimensions. We utilized analysis of covariance for the statistical inference, with age, sex, and use of other substances as covariates.ResultsOur findings revealed that low conscientiousness, low agreeableness, and high open‐mindedness were associated with the presence of CUD. The relationships between CUD and the remaining personality dimensions explored (extraversion and neuroticism) were not statistically significant.Conclusions and Scientific SignificanceThis study indicates that certain personality dimensions are potential predictors for the risk for developing CUD. An inpatient population was sampled for this study, allowing for the comparison with other community‐based studies. These findings have important preventative and treatment implications from a clinical and research standpoint.
Who stays? Australian alcohol and other drug work and worker characteristics predicting regional, rural and remote job retention
Authors: Fischer Jane Anne , Kostadinov Victoria , Bowden Jacqueline 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIntroductionThe Australian alcohol and other drug (AOD) regional, rural and remote (RRR) workforce experiences chronic workforce retention challenges. However, little is known about the characteristics of RRR AOD workers nationally, or factors associated with retention.ObjectiveTo examine the personal and professional characteristics of RRR AOD workers and identify factors that predict intent to remain in the workforce.DesignSecondary analysis of Australian National AOD Workforce Survey data, a cross‐sectional online survey of AOD workers (N = 1506).ParticipantsAOD workers employed in RRR Australia (N = 447).Main Outcome MeasuresDemographic and professional characteristics; intent to remain in current job for the next year.ResultsThe majority of RRR AOD workers were female (72%) and worked full time (65%) in the NGO sector (58%). Most (56%) intended to stay in their job. There were not only high rates of poor job engagement (33%) and high burnout (42%) but also high job satisfaction (80%). Significant predictors (p < 0.05) of retention intention were job satisfaction, low burnout, employment security and respect in the workplace.ConclusionsWorkforce initiatives and benefits tailored to the current composition of the RRR AOD workforce are needed. Retention of workers may be facilitated by increasing job satisfaction, security and respect, and decreasing burnout.
Circulating cell‐free DNA in liver transplantation: A pre‐ and post‐transplant biomarker of graft dysfunction
Authors: Sorbini Monica , Carradori Tullia , Patrono Damiano , Togliatto Gabriele , Caorsi Cristiana , Vaisitti Tiziana , Mansouri Morteza , Delsedime Luisa , Vissio Elena , De Stefano Nicola , Papotti Mauro , Amoroso Antonio , Romagnoli Renato , Deaglio Silvia 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundLiver transplantation (LT) is still limited by organ shortage and post‐transplant monitoring issues. While machine perfusion techniques allow for improving organ preservation, biomarkers like donor‐derived cell‐free DNA (dd‐cfDNA) and mitochondrial cfDNA (mt‐cfDNA) may provide insights into graft injury and viability pre‐ and post‐LT.MethodsA prospective observational cohort study was conducted on LT recipients (n = 45) to evaluate dd‐cfDNA as a biomarker of graft dysfunction during the first 6 months after LT. Dd‐cfDNA was quantified on blood samples collected pre‐LT and post‐LT using droplet digital PCR. In livers undergoing dual hypothermic oxygenated machine perfusion (D‐HOPE), total cfDNA and mt‐cfDNA levels were measured on perfusate samples collected at 30‐min intervals. Correlations with graft function and clinical outcomes were assessed.ResultsDd‐cfDNA levels peaked post‐LT and correlated with transaminase levels and histological injury severity. The longitudinal assessment showed that postoperative complications and rejection were associated with an increase in dd‐cfDNA levels. Mt‐cfDNA levels in D‐HOPE perfusate correlated with graft function parameters post‐LT and were higher in patients with early allograft dysfunction and severe complications.ConclusionsThis study confirms dd‐cfDNA as a marker of graft injury after LT and suggests that perfusate mt‐cfDNA levels during D‐HOPE correlate with graft function and post‐transplant clinical outcome. Integration of these tests into clinical practice may improve transplant management and viability assessment during hypothermic perfusion.
Somatic co‐alteration signatures are prognostic in high‐grade TP53‐mutated myeloid neoplasms
Authors: Symes Emily O. , Wang Peng , Sojitra Payal , Menon Madhu P. , Patel Anand A. , Hasan Faheema , Ghosh Sharmila , Roloff Gregory W. , Zhou Qianghua , Findley Anthony , Badar Talha , Zhang Jingjing , Tariq Hamza , Chang Hong , Bell Robert C. , Perry Anamarija M. , Venkataraman Girish 
Published: November 2024

SummaryTo assess the relevance of co‐occurring somatic mutations in TP53‐mutated myeloid neoplasms with ≥10% blasts, we pooled 325 individuals from 10 centres. We focused on comparing three published somatic co‐alteration signatures comprising (1) nine MDS‐related genes (‘ICC‐MDSR’), (2) ICC‐MDSR + additional secondary mutations‐related genes (‘Tazi signature’) and (3) EPI6 (comprising six genes). Outcomes examined were 24‐month overall survival (OS24) and front‐line complete response (CR1). The median age was 69 years with 77% receiving front‐line hypomethylating agents (HMA). All three signatures ICC‐MDSR (p = 0.009), Tazi signature (p = 0.001) and EPI6 (p = 0.025) predicted inferior CR1. In the low‐intensity (HMA) subgroup, only Tazi signature (p = 0.026) predicted inferior CR1. In OS24 analysis of the HMA‐treated subgroup (N = 200), only Tazi signature was adverse (hazard ratio, HR = 1.6 [1.1–2.2]; p = 0.011). However, a forward stepwise multivariable age‐adjusted Cox model including all three signatures picked EPI6 as the sole significant adverse predictor in the entire cohort (p = 0.0001) as well as within the HMA‐treated subgroup (p = 0.0071). These data confirm the value of testing co‐occurring somatic alterations even within a high‐grade TP53‐mutated myeloid neoplasm cohort.
Reserve Price (In)equivalence: Shill Bidding to Lower the Reserve Price
Authors: Jeong Seungwon (Eugene) 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe optimal reserve price of the third‐price auction with two bidders differs from that with more than two bidders, whereas the optimal reserve price of the second‐price auction is the same regardless of the number of bidders. We generalize this result to the kth‐price multiunit auctions with single‐unit demand, and introduce a new kind of shill‐bidding incentive of bidders in order to lower the reserve price. Alongside budget constraints caused by overbidding, this may explain why third‐price auctions are rare in practice.
[225Ac]Ac‐PSMA for the treatment of metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Garo Maria Luisa , Ovčariček Petra Petranović , Fanti Stefano , Giovanella Luca 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundApproximately 10%–20% of prostate cancers progress to metastatic and castration‐resistant forms (mCRPC). Radioligand (RLT) therapy with [177Lu]Lu‐prostate‐specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is an approved treatment for metastasized mCRPC. Moreover, Actinium‐225 (225Ac), an alpha‐emitter isotope, has also been used to label PSMA and, recently, to treat mCRPC patients with encouraging results. However, robust clinical data on [225Ac]Ac‐PSMA therapy and its comparison with [177Lu]Lu‐PSMA are still limited. Our aim was to evaluate the role of [225Ac]Ac‐PSMA in treating mCRPC and compare it with conventional [177Lu]Lu‐PSMA therapy.MethodsA systematic search was performed in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and the Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials from June 2023 to January 2024. This work was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines.ResultsAfter screening and study selection according to PRISMA guidelines, 11 studies were included, 9 of which focused on [225Ac]Ac‐PSMA only and two on tandem therapy ([225Ac]Ac‐PSMA/[177Lu]Lu‐PSMA). Overall, the pooled proportion of PSA decline in patients was .85 (95% CI: .79–.91, p < .001); patients pretreated with [177Lu]Lu‐PSMA achieved a pooled proportion of PSA decline of .90 (95% CI: .82–.97, p < .001). In patients treated with tandem therapy, PSA decline was observed in approximately 90% of them, while PSA response rates above 50% ranged from 53.3% to 65%. Xerostomia was the most frequently reported side effect, along with anaemia, thrombocytopenia and nephrotoxicity.ConclusionsOverall, the main results of our study showed that [225Ac]Ac‐PSMA‐617 had a significant therapeutic effect on mCRPC with an acceptable toxicity level. The latter, however, appears greater than with [177Lu]Lu‐PSMA‐617. In future studies, an adequate analysis of the incidence of side effects associated with [225Ac]Ac‐PSMA should be performed to evaluate the role of cumulative toxicity of earlier treatments and the higher frailty of heavily pretreated patients.
Gene expression patterns of the LDL receptor and its inhibitor Pcsk9 in the adult zebrafish brain suggest a possible role in neurogenesis
Authors: Gence Laura , Morello Elena , Rastegar Sepand , Apalama Marie Laurine , Meilhac Olivier , Bascands Jean‐Loup , Diotel Nicolas 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe low‐density lipoprotein receptor (LDLr) is the first member of a closely related transmembrane protein family. It is known for its involvement in various physiological processes, mainly in the regulation of lipid metabolism, especially in the brains of mammals and zebrafish. In zebrafish, two ldlr genes (ldlra and b) have been identified and their distribution in the brain is not well documented. Recently, the roles of ldlr and its inhibitor pcsk9 in regenerative process after telencephalic brain injury have been discussed. In this study, we explored the expression patterns of these genes during zebrafish development. We found that ldlra expression was detected at the end of the pharyngula period (48 hpf) and increased during the larval stage. Conversely, ldlrb expression was observed from zygotic to larval stages. Using techniques like in situ hybridization and taking advantage of transgenic fish, we demonstrated the widespread distribution of ldlra, ldlrb and pcsk9 in the brain of adult zebrafish. Specifically, these genes were expressed in neurons and neural stem cells and also at lower levels in endothelial cells. As expected, intraperitoneal injection of fluorescent‐labelled LDLs resulted in their uptake by cerebral endothelial cells in a homeostatic context, whereas they diffused within the brain parenchyma after telencephalic injury. However, after intracerebroventricular injections into animals, LDL particles were not taken up by neural stem cells. In conclusion, our results provide additional evidence for LDLr expression in the brain of adult zebrafish. These results raise the question of the role of LDLr in the cholesterol/lipid imbalance in cerebral complications.
Do immune checkpoint inhibitors affect the course of multiple sclerosis? A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Gelibter Stefano , Saraceno Lorenzo , Susani Emanuela , Pirro Fiammetta , Sessa Maria , Protti Alessandra 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackground and purposeElderly people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) present higher probability of malignancies. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) improve cancer prognosis but pose risk of disease flares in people with pre‐existing autoimmune conditions, including MS. Data addressing the impact of ICIs on MS are scarce. This systematic review and meta‐analysis evaluates the effects of ICIs on MS disease activity.MethodsA systematic literature search in Google Scholar and PubMed, following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, identified five observational studies. Data on clinical and neuroradiological outcomes were analyzed using random‐effects models.ResultsThe clinical activity meta‐analysis included 90 pwMS undergoing ICI therapy (median follow‐up = 0.62–1.85 years, 103.74 patient‐years). The pooled relapse rate was 5.45 per 100 patient‐years (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.86–14.92). Median time to relapse was 1 month after the ICI start (range = 0.4–6 months). No relapse occurred after 58 years. The neuroradiological activity meta‐analysis was conducted on 36 pwMS (median magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] follow‐up = 0.75–1.85 years, 41.94 patient‐years). The pooled new MRI lesion rate was 24.9 per 100 patient‐years (95% CI = 10.9–47.3), with median time to new MRI lesions of 3 months (range = 1–6 months). In 80% of cases, disease‐modifying treatment (DMT) was suspended at ICI initiation.ConclusionsWe found a low relapse rate in pwMS following ICI treatment, with no events in older pwMS. The risk of neuroradiological activity appears higher, but mainly occurs in pwMS who discontinued DMT. All events occurred within the first 6 months of ICI therapy. These conclusions are based on small observational studies, highlighting the urgent need for further research on this topic.
WONOEP appraisal: Genetic insights into early onset epilepsies
Authors: Quatraccioni Anne , Cases‐Cunillera Silvia , Balagura Ganna , Coleman Matthew , Rossini Laura , Mills James D. , Casillas‐Espinosa Pablo M. , Moshé Solomon L. , Sankar Raman , Baulac Stéphanie , Noebels Jeffrey L. , Auvin Stéphane , O'Brien Terence J. , Henshall David C. , Akman Özlem , Galanopoulou Aristea S. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractEarly onset epilepsies occur in newborns and infants, and to date, genetic aberrations and variants have been identified in approximately one quarter of all patients. With technological sequencing advances and ongoing research, the genetic diagnostic yield for specific seizure disorders and epilepsies is expected to increase. Genetic variants associated with epilepsy include chromosomal abnormalities and rearrangements of various sizes as well as single gene variants. Among these variants, a distinction can be made between germline and somatic, with the latter being increasingly identified in epilepsies with focal cortical malformations in recent years. The identification of the underlying genetic mechanisms of epilepsy syndromes not only revolutionizes the diagnostic schemes but also leads to a better understanding of the diseases and their interrelationships, ultimately providing new opportunities for therapeutic targeting. At the XVI Workshop on Neurobiology of Epilepsy (WONOEP 2022, Talloires, France, July 2022), various etiologies, research models, and mechanisms of genetic early onset epilepsies were presented and discussed.
Time‐varying group common factors in the stock market anomalies
Authors: Sakemoto Ryuta 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis study investigates group common factors within six anomaly groups using a factor model with time‐varying coefficients and stochastic volatility. We explore the time‐varying relative contributions of group common factors in explaining the variation of each anomaly's return. We demonstrate that the relative importance is heterogeneous across the anomaly groups. The relative importance of the value group common factor decreased during the global financial crisis (GFC) and the COVID‐19 pandemic in 2020 because the GFC and the pandemic were associated with cash flow and earnings. Moreover, we reveal that business cycles have heterogeneous impacts on the group common factors.
Gingivitis Control in Children, Adolescents and Young Adults With Chronic Kidney Disease by a Need‐Related Programme: A Randomised Clinical Trial
Authors: Höfer Karolin C. , Hanna Witte , Isabelle Graf , Anna Golka , Anne Adams , Barbe Anna Greta , Weber Lutz Thorsten , Noack Michael J. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivesChildren and young patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at persistent risk of gingivitis despite usual preventive measures. This clinical study aimed to determine the efficacy of an intensive oral preventive programme (OPP) for young patients with CKD in treating plaque‐induced gingivitis modified by systemic factors.MethodsYoung patients with CKD (N = 30) were recruited/randomised to a need‐related OPP (n = 15) or treatment as usual (TAU) including mainly motivation and instructions (controls, n = 15) followed by a single intensive prophylactic appointment after 3 months. For the OPP group, depending on the baseline degree of inflammation (PBI) professional mechanical plaque removal, local chlorhexidine gel application and mouth rinse were applied at need‐related appointments focussing on local plaque control and reduction in inflammation.ResultsAfter 3 months OPP, lower plaque indices were found (2.62–0.66, p < 0.05) in contrast to TAU (2.32–2.05, p > 0.05) with differences between study groups (p < 0.05). Regarding gingivitis, lower PBI values than baseline were observed in OPP (1.03–0.05, p < 0.05) than TAU (1.15–1.00; p > 0.05); OPP reductions (effect size) were higher than after a single intensive appointment (1.00–0.36; p < 0.05). Degree of immunosuppressive therapy did not differ between groups throughout the study.ConclusionsYoung patients with CKD suffer from generalised gingivitis with increased bleeding sites. This moderate degree of inflammation shows a normal distribution of high and low plaque responders, with no pattern of impact for the degree of immunosuppression. Effectiveness and duration of preventive measures follow a dose–response principle. Therefore, need‐related preventive measures should be implemented and maintained in future regular care for CKD patients.Trial RegistrationGerman Clinical Trials Register, registration number: DRKS00010580
Postoperative infections after robotic‐assisted radical prostatectomy in a single large institution: Effect of type and duration of prophylactic antibiotic administration
Authors: Mitsui Masao , Sadahira Takuya , Nagasaki Naoya , Maruyama Yuki , Sekito Takanori , Iwata Takehiro , Katayama Satoshi , Bekku Kensuke , Araki Motoo 
Published: November 2024

ObjectiveWe evaluated the incidence of and risk factors for postoperative infections after robotic‐assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) according to the type and duration of prophylactic antibiotic administration.MethodsA total of 1038 patients underwent RARP at our institution from 2010 to 2021; 1026 patients (201 in the cefazolin [CEZ] group and 825 in the ampicillin/sulbactam [ABPC/SBT] group) were analyzed, and 12 who used other antibiotics were excluded. The primary endpoint was the incidence of urinary tract infection (UTI), surgical site infection (SSI), and remote infection (RI). T‐tests, propensity score matching (PSM) and inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) were performed. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the effect of type and duration of prophylactic antibiotic administration.ResultsThe incidence of UTI was 2.5% (5/201) in the CEZ group and 3.2% (26/825) in the ABPC/SBT group, with no significant difference between groups (p = 0.622). The rates of SSI and RI were comparable between groups (p = 0.680 and 0.906, respectively). Although the duration of antimicrobial therapy was longer in the ABPC/SBT group (p < 0.001), there was no significant difference in the incidence of UTI/SSI/RI after PSM and IPTW (all p > 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that neither the type of antibiotic nor the duration of administration affected the incidence of UTI/SSI/RI.ConclusionThe risk of postoperative UTI/SSI/RI after RARP did not change with the type and duration of antimicrobial therapy.