bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How do cancer-sniffing dogs sort biological samples? Exploring case-control samples with non-targeted LC-Orbitrap, GC-MS, and immunochemistry methods
Authors: Pleil Joachim D , Wallace M Ariel Geer , McCord James , Madden Michael C , Sobus Jon , Ferguson Glenn 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Early identification of disease onset is regarded as an important factor for successful medical intervention. However, cancer and other long-term latency diseases are rare and may take years to manifest clinically. As such, there are no gold standards with which to immediately validate proposed preclinical screening methodologies. There is evidence that dogs can sort samples reproducibly into yes/no categories based on case-control training, but the basis of their decisions is unknown. Because dogs are sniffing air, the distinguishing chemicals must be either in the gas-phase or attached to aerosols and/or airborne particles. Recent biomonitoring research has shown how to extract and analyze semi- and non-volatile compounds from human breath in exhaled condensates and aerosols. Further research has shown that exhaled aerosols can be directly collected on standard hospital-style olefin polypropylene masks and that these masks can be used as a simple sampling scheme for canine screening. In this article, detailed liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HR-MS) with Orbitrap instrumentation and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analyses were performed on two sets of masks sorted by consensus of a four-dog cohort as either cancer or control. Specifically, after sorting by the dogs, sample masks were cut into multiple sections and extracted for LC-MS and GC-MS non-targeted analyses. Extracts were also analyzed for human cytokines, confirming the presence of human aerosol content above levels in blank masks. In preliminary evaluations, 345 and 44 high quality chemical features were detected by LC-MS and GC-MS analyses, respectively. These features were used to develop provisional orthogonal projection to latent structures-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) models to determine if the samples classified as cancer (case) or non-cancer (control) by the dogs could be separated into the same groups using analytical instrumentation. While the OPLS-DA model for the LC-HR-MS data was able to separate the two groups with statistical significance, although weak explanatory power, the GC-MS model was not found to be significant. These results suggest that the dogs may rely on the less volatile compounds from breath aerosol that were analyzed by LC-HR-MS than the more volatile compounds observed by GC-MS to sort mask samples into groups. These results provide justification for more expansive studies in the future that aim to characterize specific chemical features, and the role(s) of these features in maintaining homeostatic biological processes.
Lighting systems calculations for heritage buildings
Authors: Galațanu C D 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The heritage buildings generate specific problems for electrical installations, with supplementary request from lighting systems. The continuous trends towards modernization are traditionally in conflict with the conservation of the architectural details. This major constraint must be considered for new circuits, but also for luminaire, when retrofit is the main approach. After the esthetical considerations, the engineering approach raises a problem in connection with the dimensioning methods. For heritage buildings, the lighting systems must cover infinity of situation, very different from classical designing methods, based on Utilization Factor or Direct Illumination Calculus for orthogonal situations. An original method of calculation is proposed, based on analytical geometry, useful for any orientation of the working plane. Even this method has important limitations, generated by the specifically architectural details, and a lighting simulation is necessary. Based on DIALuxEVO7, specific methods are presented. The importance of results interpretation is also underline.
Computational Assessment of a RC Water Tank – A Comparative Static Analysis
Authors: Filip A , Covatariu D 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Liquids storage tanks are special structures and strategically very important. Water tanks, in particular, are important to assure continued operation of water distribution system in the event of unpredicted events. The aim of this article is to investigate the structural behaviour of a buried reinforced concrete water tank in different exploitation stages. A comparative study based on a finite element method (FEM) was considered in order to identify the most subjected areas of the structural elements (stress distribution). Numeric analysis using two advanced structural analysis and design software programs (Axis VM and SCIA Engineer) have been used for more accurate results. It was taken into consideration the extreme possibilities: case when the water tank is empty and when the water tank is at full capacity. The numerical results obtained were compared and the obtained results of both approaches has revealed minimal values differences.
Experimental study on high temperature damage of anisotropic sandstone
Authors: Chang Sen , Xu Jinyu , Gu Chao , Wen Ming , Meng Boxu , Wang Tengjiao , Liu Gaojie , Chen Haowen 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Rocks often have certain bedding structures under long-term geological conditions, which leads to different performances. In this paper, ultrasonic analysis of horizontal bedding and vertical bedding is carried out by high temperature tests on anisotropic red sandstone samples to obtain data on mass, density, porosity and longitudinal wave velocity as a function of temperature. Then through the apparent morphology analysis of the sample, data processing and image analysis, the high temperature damage law of the anisotropic sandstone is finally obtained, which provides theoretical support for underground resource development and underground engineering construction.
Complex plane analysis of fractional derivative model and its use for parameter determination of viscoelastic material
Authors: Yin Y L , Yang Z H , Shi M L 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The mechanical properties of viscoelastic materials are usually described by a rheological model composed of spring and dashpot in series or in parallel or their combination. The complex modulus as a function of angular frequency was firstly deduced, when fractional derivative rheological model is subjected to a sinusoidal perturbation in dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) measurements. Then, the algebraic equations between the storage and loss moduli of the fractional Zener model in complex plane have been developed. The curve on the complex plane, a plot of loss modulus against storage modulus, is a repressed or distorted semicircle with its center below the real axis. The parameters of mechanical elements can be graphically estimated from its complex plane plot. The dynamic mechanical test of bituminous mixtures was carried out by frequency sweep over a wide range of 200 Hz to 0.02 Hz and its mechanical response can be described adequately by the fractional Zener model, whose element parameters are determined via geometric method.
Biotherapeutic mechanism of salidroside on gastric carcinoma cells
Authors: Wang Xiaoping , Wang Qiaoxia , Lin Huanping , Xu Bing , Chang Na , Chao Xu , Shi Hailong , Meng Bobo 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
To study the biotherapy mechanisms of salidroside in treatment of gastric carcinoma, we inoculated the BALB/C mice with a gastric carcinoma cell line as the research model. The mice were divided into four groups. Mice in the experimental groups received different doses of salidroside for sixty days after grafting. Mice were fed with normal saline as control. All the mice were executed at the 61st day. Tumor volume was detected periodically and tumor weight was measured immediately after the mice sacrificed. Serum cytokines, perforin and granzyme B were detected by ELISA. The anti-tumor effect was examined by cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) method. Our results demonstrated that salidroside could suppress the proliferation of gastric carcinoma cells by activating the immune cells and inducing the secretion of cytokines, perforin and granzyme B. Our study suggests that salidroside inhibited the growth of gastric cancers by activating the immune cells, which may lay a better basis for further study on gastric cancer biotherapy.
Synthesis, characterization and adsorption behaviors of Faujasite-type zeolites towards methylene blue
Authors: Zhang Yunhui , Wang Zhongwei , Zhang Zhenguang , Wu Liuming , Fan Yingju , Sun Zhongxi 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The conventional hydrothermal method was applied to synthesize two microporous Faujasite-type zeolite (FAU) with model substances (sodium silicate, sodium hydroxide and aluminium). The chemical formula of FAU-1 and FAU-2 were 0.99Na2O·Al2O3·4.07SiO2·5.7H2O and 1.03Na2O·Al2O3·3.8SiO2·8H2O, respectively. The isoelectric points (IEP) were around 4.5, and the surface area were 244.50 m2/g and 485.85 m2/g. The adsorption kinetics, intra-particle diffusion and isotherms of methylene blue (MB) on two FAUs were reported from batch adsorption tests. The adsorption obeys pseudo-first-order model and reached equilibrium within 80 min. Intra-particle diffusion is the rate-determining step and the removal decreased with the increase of pH. The adsorption follows BET model, indicating multi-molecular layer adsorption. The adsorption capacity of FAU-2 towards MB is 147.19 mg/g, more than doubles that of FAU-1 (62.74 mg/g). Adsorption mechanism may include ion exchange, hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions. This study may provide guidance for the hydrothermal synthesis of FAU and the universal theoretical basis for its practical application in MB contaminated wastewater treatment.
Effect of Different Reducing Agents on Silicon-Aluminum Alloy Prepared from Coal Fly Ash
Authors: Bai Zhiling , Qin Bingke 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The effect of charcoal and coke as reducing agents on the preparation of silicon-aluminium alloy from coal fly ash was studied. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of the reduction products under the action of two reducing agents was carried out. The results showed that SiC and Al2SiO5 were formed in the reduction products with charcoal or coke as reducing agent at 2073K, and impurity Fe2SiO4 was formed in the products with coke as reducing agent. At 2173K, when charcoal or coke was used as reducing agent, the same kinds of reduction products were SiC, Si, Al, Al2O3 and Al4.5FeSi, and the intensity of diffraction peaks of Al and Si in reduction products by charcoal as reducing agent was higher than that of Al and Si in reduction products using coke as reducing agent. At 2273K and charcoal as reducing agent, the reduction products of coal fly ash were Al, Si, SiC and Al4.5FeSi. When coke was used as reducing agent, the products of reduction coal fly ash were Si, FeSi, SiC, Al and Al4.5FeSi. In this study, the reduction ability of charcoal is better than that of coke at different temperatures, and the reduction effect of silicon-aluminium alloy prepared by charcoal reduction coal fly ash is the best at 2273K for heating 30 minutes.
Fluent simulation of centrifugal atomization of multi-solid wastes molten slag melted by blast furnace slag, fly ash and waste incineration ash
Authors: Dai Yue Lai , Wei Hang Biao , Hu Jun 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Based on finite element numerical simulation method, Fluent software was used to simulate the centrifugal atomization process of multi-solid wastes molten slag melted by blast furnace slag, fly ash and waste incineration ash. The feasibility of the finite element model in simulating centrifugal atomization was verified by comparing the experimental results with the calculated results. The influence of rotating speed, nozzle angle and the inlet velocity of compressed air injected on the slag particle distribution were studied. Results showed that the rotating speed of the turntable should not exceed 1000 rpm, the inlet velocity of compressed air should be about 5 m/s, and the nozzle angle of compressed air should be set between 40 and 60 degrees, which have positive effect on the centrifugal atomization of multi-solid wastes molten slag. The heat recovery efficiency can reach 73.7% under the condition of 800 rpm rotary speed, 5 m/s compressed air inlet velocity, 0.1 m/s flow rate of 1800 K molten slag beam and in 300 K ambient temperature.
Extracting heavy metal stress indicators from remote sensing imagery using WOFOST model and wavelet packet decomposition algorithm
Authors: Xu Zhao , Zhao Shuang , Qian Xu 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Heavy metal pollution of crops seriously endangers food security and indirectly threatens human health. Direct measures in the fields and laboratories through on-site sample collection, testing, and analysis are time-consuming and labor intensive, thereby prohibiting their applications in large-scale monitoring. Remote sensing techniques provide an alternative means through examining above-ground vegetation status, e.g. leaf area index (LAI). Heavy metals, however, are typically accumulated in the root of crops, which may also be affected by a large number of external environmental factors besides heavy metals. The objective of this paper, therefore, is to identify heavy metal stress indicators of crops through integrating LAI extraction from remote sensing imagery, weight of rice roots (WRT) estimation by the World Food Study (WOFOST) model, and heavy metal stress indicator identification with the wavelet packet decomposition (WPD) method. First, LAI was retrieved from the HJ CCD data over three continuous years through constructing a relationship between LAI and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). Next, dry weight of rice roots (WRT) curves over these three continuous years were estimated using the WOFOST model with multi-temporal LAIs are inputs. Finally, a component (e.g. cfs 14) was identified to represent the heavy metal pollution status with the Wavelet Packet Decomposition (WPD) of the WRT curves of these three years. Validation results suggest that the identified component can successfully represent different levels of heavy metal stress.
Discussion on Guangzhou-Enping Fault Based on Gravity and Deep Seismic Data
Authors: Huang J T , Ren Z H , Lin J F , Zhang X , Sheng Q , Wu H P , Yang F 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
In this paper, the gravity and magnetic data and the preliminary results of the interpretation of the artificial seismic depth sounding in the Pearl River Estuary are combined with the geological data for the discussion of the most important northeast fault in the Pearl River Delta region in terms of the characteristics of deep strata of Guangzhou-Enping fault. It is believed that the Guangzhou-Enping fault is an NE-trending deep fault with a cutting depth of more than 30km, a depth of Moho, a steep dip, and the largest extent in the Pearl River Delta, and has a certain cut with the near EW-oriented fault. Therefore, the Guangzhou-Enping fault is active to some extent which provides a channel for deep material upwelling. The deep flow of molten material is the main component of the low-velocity zone of the lower and middle crust, and the surface is characterized by rich mineral resources, hot springs and basalt exposure.
Effect analysis of central column on seismic dynamic response of metro station structure
Authors: Lv Youyi , Cao Ye 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
When the metro station structure has central column or no central column, the metro station structure shows different patterns of destruction. In this article, based on the nonlinear elastic-plastic finite element model for metro station, considering the structure-soil dynamic interaction, the influence laws of the central column on the dynamic response and failure mode of the metro station structure under near and far-field earthquakes are studied. We found that the horizontal displacements and dynamic amplification factors of the metro station with central columns is less than those of the metro station without central columns under near and far field earthquakes, and the existence of central column effectively inhibits the deformation and vibration of the metro station under earthquake, and improves the stability of the metro station.
Analysis of features importance based on different seasonal OLI images by Random Forest
Authors: Zhang Ying , Wang Lin , Ai Yunfei , Bai Xuejiao 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The paper explores the importance of phenological information of vegetation for vegetation classification. The time series of OLI images in different season are used to obtain the samples of different vegetation types. The importance of single OLI image and the multi-temperal OLI image combinations are separately calculated using Random Forest (RF). The results show that near infrared band (band5) or short-wave infrared band (band6) for single OLI image are important bands to distinguish vegetation types, and Coastal band (band1) also has potential information to distinguish vegetation types. For different time series of OLI image combinations, OLI images in May and July were optimal for vegetation types differentiation. Therefore, the phenological information of vegetation is important to improve the separability of vegetation, and the use of multi-sequence images can improve the classification accuracy of vegetation and achieve rapid and accurate remote sensing forest mapping.
Students Responses to Thermal Environments in University Classrooms in Zunyi, China
Authors: Liu Jing , Luo Qing , Cai Ting 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Indoor thermal environment has significant influence on occupants’ working efficiency, study performance and well-being, particularly in space with high population density but no HVAC system. Therefore, in order to understand the indoor thermal environmental conditions and subjects’ interactions with ambient physical environment, a field study was carried out during winter time in naturally ventilated classrooms in Zunyi, China. The range of indoor air temperature variation during investigation period, 11.57°C to 19.80°C, was not within the thermal comfort zone recommended by ASHRAE 55 Standard. Nearly 80% of occupants regarded indoor thermal condition as ‘slight cool’ and ‘cool’, and wanted indoor environment to be warmer as a consequence. The thermal neutral temperature, acceptable range and thermal sensitivity under AMV model were 20.27°C, 16.60-23.95°C and 4.33°C / unit, respectively. People’s clothing adjustment followed the tendency that the mean values of clothing insulation decreased gradually with indoor air temperature increasing. The discrepancies of subjects’ thermal sensations, thermal neutral temperatures, thermal acceptable temperature zone and thermal sensitivity reflected the adaptations of occupants in response to ambient thermal stimuli. Due to the more tolerance of cold environment revealed in this study, the energy used for space heating would be reduced to some extent. The findings obtained from this investigation also provide guidelines on building refurbishment, maintenance and new building design.
Advanced Treatment Experiment of Brewing Wastewater
Authors: Zhang L , Cheng G W , Gao F J , Duan S Y 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The decolorization of wastewater treated by biochemical treatment with Fenton catalytic oxidation technology was studied by using Dashaba sauce-flavored brewing wastewater in Erhe Town of Guizhou city as the research object. The results of single factor and orthogonal test show that the dosages of pH, FeSO4 and H2O2 in wastewater mainly affect the chromaticity of wastewater, while the dosages of pH, quartz sand in wastewater mainly affect the effect of flocculation and sedimentation. When the initial chromaticity and UV254 of the wastewater are 179 degrees and 1.51 cm-1 respectively, the optimum process parameters are pH 6.5, FeSO4 2.5 mmol/L, H2O2 25.0 mmol/L and quartz sand 3.0 g/L. The effluent chromaticity and UV254 removal rate are 68.06% and 31.78%, and the chromaticity reached the emission limit value required in Table 3 of GB 27631~2011 “Emission Standards for Water Pollutants in Fermented Alcohol and Liquor Industry”. Moreover, and the flocculation and sedimentation effect of iron mud is better and the treatment drug consumption is less.
Design and Implementation of Soil Environmental Quality Visualization System Based on WebGIS
Authors: Zhao Yi , Liang Hong , Zhao Juan , Zhou Ningshan , Zhang Yuxia , Jin Yu 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Multi-scale soil environmental quality survey and social production practice have accumulated a large number of soil data, which is the valuable essential data for practice and research. It is urgent to rely on information technology to strengthen the management and application of soil information. This paper designs a WebGIS system for visualizing soil environmental quality based on the B/S model of three-tier network structure. The system uses the map engine ArcGIS API for JavaScript and HTML5 canvas dynamic rendering technology as the core of the technology, and combines ArcGIS Server and spatial database technology to achieve a series of functions such as soil environmental quality data management, soil pollution visualization and statistical analysis. The system deployment is applied to the Yunnan Provincial Environmental Monitoring Center Station, which enables rapid and high-performance visual display of soil environmental quality information and enhances the rapid information sharing capability between the environmental monitoring departments of Yunnan Province.
Evaluating the contraction value of ferromagnetic material at early fatigue loading stage using magnetic flux leakage signature
Authors: Arifin A , Sahadan S N , Abdullah S 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
This work focuses on the investigation to evaluate a material parameter, namely a contraction value ψ, at failure in estimating the fatigue life of ferromagnetic steel based on magnetic metal memory method. It begins with specimen preparation made from mild carbon steel and it was machined as specified in the ASTM E467-01 standard. These cyclic tests were performed using the 25-kN servo-hydraulic machine with the applied axial loading levels were at 60% UTS and 70% UTS. The magnetic flux leakage was then measured at every hour of the load applied, and the nature of change of magnetic leakage intensity Hp
over the surface of the specimen. A further analysis on the collected signals or pattern was carried out based on the Hp
distribution and its gradient at dHp/dx, and both parameters were later being used to estimate total loading time before specimen failure. A further analysis on the collected signals or pattern was carried out based on the Hp
distribution and its gradient at dHp/dx, and both parameters were later being used to estimate total loading time before specimen failure. At every hour of loading cycles, the fatigue life of the specimen is estimated using the specific calculation of this MMM approach.