bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Studies on multiferroic properties of single phasic Bi0.85Ho0.05Sm0.1FeO3 ceramics
Authors: Rajesh R. , John Ethilton S. , Ramachandran K. , Giridharan N. V. , Ramesh Kumar K. , Vadla Samba Siva 
Published: September 2018

Single-phase polycrystalline Bi[Formula: see text]Ho[Formula: see text]Sm[Formula: see text]FeO3 ceramic is prepared by conventional solid state route. The co-doping of Sm and Ho (via Bi site) in BiFeO3 controls the formation of secondary phases. The Rietveld refinement analysis shows an increasing trend in tilt angle due to the rotation of FeO6 octohedra with respect to host BiFeO3. The remanent polarization and the magnetization of Bi[Formula: see text]Ho[Formula: see text]Sm[Formula: see text]FeO3 ceramic are found to be significantly improved than BiFeO3 and Bi[Formula: see text]Sm[Formula: see text]FeO3 at room-temperature. Considerable variations in the remanent polarization (0.18 to 0.11 [Formula: see text]C/cm2) on magnetic poling and a dielectric anomaly in the vicinity of the antiferromagnetic transition temperature are due to the intrinsic magnetoelectric coupling effect in Bi[Formula: see text]Ho[Formula: see text]Sm[Formula: see text]FeO3 ceramic. The dielectric permittivity increases with increase in applied magnetic field and the coupling coefficient of Bi[Formula: see text]Ho[Formula: see text]Sm[Formula: see text]FeO3 ceramic is found to be 0.91% at 4 kOe.
Preliminary non-intrusive geophysical electrical resistivity tomography surveys of a mock-up scale monitoring of an engineered barrier system at URL Tournemire
Authors: Lopes Bruna de Carvalho Faria Lima , Sachet Cédric , Sentenac Philippe , Beneš Vojtěch , Dick Pierre , Bertrand Johan , Tarantino Alessandro 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Geophysical electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) is a promising measurement technique for non-intrusive monitoring of an engineered barrier system (EBS) during the operational phase of geological disposal of high-level radioactive waste. Electrical resistivity is sensitive to water content and temperature, which are the key variables characterizing the response of the EBS. In order to assess the technology readiness level of the ERT technique for EBS operational monitoring, a field demonstrator has been developed at the underground research laboratory (URL) in Tournemire (France) within the project ‘Modern 2020’. Preliminary ERT surveys were carried out in January and November 2017 to establish the background resistivity of the experimental area and assess the quality of electrode installation and survey protocols. Results of the surveys confirmed that the resistivity of the host rock in the demonstrator area is quite homogenous and lower than 100 Ωm in accordance with independent measurements carried out in previous campaigns. In addition, the lesson learned from the blank tests allowed identifying key requirements for effective ERT measurements. These include the need for a 3D electrode configuration, bespoke measurement protocols designed on the basis of the sensitivity analysis of the geometric factor and the collection of reciprocal data for enhanced data quality control.
Automatic interpretation of geophysical well logs
Authors: Alcolea Rodríguez Andrés , Marschall Paul , Nussbaum Christophe , Becker Jens Karl 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Stratigraphic sequences in boreholes are commonly estimated by interpreting combinations of well logs. The interpretation is generally tedious and is made some time after log completion, which often leads to a loss of valuable first-hand information gathered on-site. This may lead to delayed or potentially poor on-site decisions. To make things worse, the standard interpretation of well logs is, at least to a certain degree, subjective and based on the manipulation of data, which may be difficult to trace in the long term. Small changes in lithology are often disregarded and alternating thin layers presenting different lithologies are often combined in one single (notably thicker) stratigraphic unit. Therefore an automatic parameter-based and thus traceable and objective quick look at the lithology immediately after log completion represents both a valuable tool to help with on-site decisions and a solid, mathematically based starting point for further physically based interpretations carried out by log analysts. We present a workflow for the interpretation of well logs defined as an optimization problem. The workflow is applied to the characterization of metre- to decametre-scale stratigraphic units along 13 boreholes in northern Switzerland (one-dimensional resolution) and to millimetre-scale features over a wall at the Mont Terri underground rock laboratory in Switzerland (two-dimensional resolution). The results show that: (1) the workflow accurately maps lithological changes; (2) the interaction with the analyst is minimized, which reduces the subjectivity of the interpretation; and (3) outputs are available for on-site decisions.
Targeted HFpEF therapy based on matchmaking of human and animal models
Authors: Barandiarán Aizpurua Arantxa , Schroen Blanche , van Bilsen Marc , van Empel Vanessa 
Published: September 2018

The diversity in clinical phenotypes and poor understanding of the underlying pathophysiology of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is the main reason why no effective treatments have been found yet. Targeted, instead of one size fits all, treatment seems the only promising approach for treating HFpEF. To be able to design a targeted, phenotype-specific HFpEF treatment, the matrix relating clinical phenotypes and underlying pathophysiological mechanisms has to be clarified. This review discusses the opportunities for additional evaluation of the underlying pathophysiological processes, e.g., to evaluate biological phenotypes on top of clinical routine, to guide us toward a phenotype-specific HFpEF treatment. Moreover, a translational approach with matchmaking of animal models to biological HFpEF phenotypes will be a valuable step to test the effectiveness of novel, targeted interventions in HFpEF. Listen to this article’s corresponding podcast at https://ajpheart.podbean.com/e/personalized-medicine-in-hfpef/ .
High-fat diet-induced hypertension is associated with a proinflammatory T cell profile in male and female Dahl salt-sensitive rats
Authors: Taylor Lia E. , Gillis Ellen E. , Musall Jacqueline B. , Baban Babak , Sullivan Jennifer C. 
Published: September 2018

Evidence supports a sex difference in the impact of a high-fat diet (HFD) on cardiovascular outcomes, with male experimental animals exhibiting greater increases in blood pressure (BP) than female experimental animals. The immune system has been implicated in HFD-induced increases in BP, and there is a sex difference in T-cell activation in hypertension. The goal of this study was to determine the impact of HFD on BP and aortic and renal T cell profiles in male and female Dahl salt-sensitive (DSS) rats. We hypothesized that male DSS rats would have greater increases in BP and T cell infiltration in response to a HFD compared with female DSS rats. BP was measured by tail-cuff plethysmography, and aortic and renal T cells were assessed by flow cytometric analysis in male and female DSS rats on a normal-fat diet (NFD) or HFD from 12 to 16 wk of age. Four weeks of HFD increased BP in male and female DSS rats to a similar degree. Increases in BP were accompanied by increased percentages of CD4+ T cells and T helper (Th)17 cells in both sexes, although male rats had more proinflammatory T cells. Percentages of renal CD3+ and CD4+ T cells as well as Th17 cells were increased in both sexes by the HFD, although the increase in CD3+ T cells was greater in male rats. HFD also decreased the percentage of aortic and renal regulatory T cells in both sexes, although female rats maintained more regulatory T cells than male rats regardless of diet. In conclusion, both male and female DSS rats exhibit BP sensitivity to a HFD; however, the mechanisms mediating HFD-induced increases in BP may be distinct as male rats exhibit greater increases in the percentage of proinflammatory T cells than female rats. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Our study demonstrates that male and female Dahl salt-sensitive rats exhibit similar increases in blood pressure to a high-fat diet and an increase in aortic and renal T cells. These results are in contrast to studies showing that female rats remain normotensive and/or upregulate regulatory T cells in response to hypertensive stimuli compared with male rats. Our data suggest that a 4-wk high-fat diet has sex-specific effects on the T cell profile in Dahl salt-sensitive rats.
Small-airway obstruction, dynamic hyperinflation, and gas trapping despite normal airway sensitivity to methacholine in adults with chronic cough
Authors: Sood Nilita , Turcotte Scott E. , Wasilewski Nastasia V. , Fisher Thomas , Wall Taylar , Fisher John T. , Lougheed M. Diane 
Published: September 2018

The clinical relevance of cough during methacholine challenge in individuals with normal airway sensitivity is unknown. We compared responses of individuals with chronic cough who cough during high-dose methacholine bronchoprovocation and have normal versus increased airway sensitivity to healthy controls. Fifteen healthy participants (CONTROL) aged 26 ± 7 yr (mean ± SD) and 32 participants aged 42 ± 14 yr with chronic cough and suspected asthma completed high-dose methacholine challenge testing. Three participants who did not cough and had normal airway sensitivity were excluded. Spirometry and lung volumes were compared at the maximum response (MAX) among 1) ASTHMA [ n = 15, provocative concentration of methacholine causing a 20% fall in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) from baseline (PC20) 4.71 ± 1.37 mg/ml], 2) methacholine-induced cough with normal airway sensitivity (COUGH, n = 14, PC20 41.2 ± 18.7 mg/ml for 3 participants with a measurable PC20), and 3) CONTROL ( n = 15; PC20 93.4 ± 95.4 mg/ml for 4 participants with a measurable PC20). Esophageal pressure-derived pulmonary mechanics were compared at MAX for the ASTHMA and COUGH groups. From baseline to MAX, FEV1 and forced expiratory flow between 25% and 75% of forced vital capacity decreased more in ASTHMA (−36.2 ± 3.8 %pr; −47.1 ± 6.9 %pr, respectively) than COUGH (−12.2 ± 3.0 %pr ( P < 0.001); −24.7 ± 6.5 %pr ( P < 0.001), respectively) and CONTROL (−13.7 ± 2.0 %pr ( P < 0.001); −32.8 ± 5.4 %pr ( P < 0.017), respectively). In both ASTHMA and COUGH, inspiratory capacity decreased by 500–800 ml, and functional residual capacity and residual volume increased by ~800 ml. Individuals with COUGH develop dynamic hyperinflation and gas trapping comparable to individuals with ASTHMA despite less bronchoconstriction and smaller reductions in mid-to-late expiratory flows, which leads us to believe that COUGH is a distinct phenotype. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Healthy individuals and individuals with chronic cough who demonstrate normal airway sensitivity but cough during methacholine bronchoprovocation bronchoconstrict less than individuals with mild asthma. However, those who cough and have normal airway sensitivity develop dynamic hyperinflation and gas trapping comparable to individuals with mild asthma. Thus, methacholine-induced cough with normal airway sensitivity may be clinically relevant, related to reversible small airway obstruction and preservation of the bronchodilating and/or bronchoprotective effects of deep inspirations.
Multimodal Meta-Analysis of 1,494 Hepatocellular Carcinoma Samples Reveals Significant Impact of Consensus Driver Genes on Phenotypes
Authors: Chaudhary Kumardeep , Poirion Olivier B. , Lu Liangqun , Huang Sijia , Ching Travers , Garmire Lana X. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAlthough driver genes in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have been investigated in various previous genetic studies, prevalence of key driver genes among heterogeneous populations is unknown. Moreover, the phenotypic associations of these driver genes are poorly understood. This report aims to reveal the phenotypic impacts of a group of consensus driver genes in HCC. We used MutSigCV and OncodriveFM modules implemented in the IntOGen pipeline to identify consensus driver genes across six HCC cohorts comprising 1,494 samples in total. To access their global impacts, we used The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) mutations and copy-number variations to predict the transcriptomics data, under generalized linear models. We further investigated the associations of the consensus driver genes to patient survival, age, gender, race, and risk factors. We identify 10 consensus driver genes across six HCC cohorts in total. Integrative analysis of driver mutations, copy-number variations, and transcriptomic data reveals that these consensus driver mutations and their copy-number variations are associated with a majority (62.5%) of the mRNA transcriptome but only a small fraction (8.9%) of miRNAs. Genes associated with TP53, CTNNB1, and ARID1A mutations contribute to the tripod of most densely connected pathway clusters. These driver genes are significantly associated with patients' overall survival. Some driver genes are significantly linked to HCC gender (CTNNB1, ALB, TP53, and AXIN1), race (TP53 and CDKN2A), and age (RB1) disparities. This study prioritizes a group of consensus drivers in HCC, which collectively show vast impacts on the phenotypes. These driver genes may warrant as valuable therapeutic targets of HCC.
Making a ‘Home Away from Home’?
Authors: Pruiksma Nienke 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Are migrant religious communities a ‘home away from home’ as is often claimed? What is home and how does religion feature in the creation of home and belonging in the process of migration? This article interrogates the oft-mentioned communalities in language, culture, ethics and ethnicity as key factors in home-making and belonging. Building on Thomas Tweed’s argument concerning the home-making features of religion, I argue that ritual is the key factor. Looking at the ritual of anointment in the Celestial Church of Christ (CCC) in Amsterdam, this article concludes that in a migration context both the leadership and members invest in anointment as a ritual of home-making, resulting in the negotiation of an inherited practice to create – albeit temporary and contested – experiences of home and belonging.
Migration Policies and Uncertainty
Authors: Rey Jeanne 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
This article addresses the role of migrant congregations as civil society players through the practice of prayer. By combining the notion of political activism and the theory of subjectivation, it offers a new perspective on Pentecostal practice and migrant congregations in Europe as a way of addressing uncertainty linked to migration policies and mobility regimes. In Switzerland, where conditions for migrants have become increasingly restrictive, political and social forms of exclusion are challenged by African Pentecostal migrants who engage in prayer that contests restrictions on mobility, assignation to subaltern positions, as well as other forms of discrimination. Yet, this ritual resistance rarely takes the form of a political action; neither does it formulate concrete claims towards immigration procedures and policies. Rather, it is expressed through prayer in the protective space of a religious community, allowing the migrants to reassess subjectivations and to imagine new subjectivities.
Within the Borders but Not Really in South Africa
Authors: Chereni Admire 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
This article explores the relationship between economic and social aspects of differential inclusion in South Africa as well as migrants’ notions and practices of home and belonging. It is based on narratives provided by Zimbabweans in Johannesburg, and considers what this relationship might imply for how we understand circular migration. It finds that, differential inclusion – emanating from migrants’ experiences of deportability, insecure residence, marginal economic practices, uncertain futurity and temporal disruptions, that punctuated their post-arrival everyday life – shapes migrants’ perceptions of home as a concrete site left behind to which migrants strive to return. Conversely, negative evaluations of livelihood opportunities in Zimbabwe fuel an orientation towards an imminent yet continually deferred eventual return.
Aristotle, Equity, and Democracy
Authors: Schillinger Daniel 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Aristotelian equity (epieikeia) has often been relegated to scholarly discussions of retributive justice. Recently, however, political theorists have recast equity as the virtue of a sympathetic democratic citizen. I build on this literature by offering a more precise explanation of equity’s internal structure and political significance. In particular, I reveal equity’s deliberative dimension. For Aristotle, equitable citizens, statesmen, and legislators correct or go beyond the law, as appropriate, not only when they render retrospective judgments about matters of punishment or distribution, but also when they deliberate about future-oriented questions of legislation or political action. In addition, I show, more concretely, the role of equity in democratic citizenship. Drawing upon the Aristotelian Constitution of the Athenians, I argue that the Athenian demos exemplified equity when it brought about the reconciliation and the amnesty of 403 BC. Attention to this episode clarifies the conceptual linkages between equity, deliberation, sympathy, and democracy.
Long-term outcome of first 300 implanted Absorb bioresorbable vascular scaffolds in an all-comers Middle East population
Authors: Al Nooryani Arif , Elabbassi Wael N. , AlBaba Bassam , Kerfes Jalal A. , Abudaqa Loai M. , Bhatia Amit , Abdelrahman Nagwa A. , Boskovic Nikola , Beleslin Branko 
Published: September 2018

Objectives To evaluate long-term clinical outcomes of the Absorb bioresorbable vascular scaffold (BVS) system (Abbott Vascular) in an all-comers Middle East population. Methods This prospective registry study included an initial set of patients with coronary lesions treated using Absorb BVS. Patients were followed for target vessel failure (TVF) including cardiac death, target vessel myocardial infarction (MI), and target lesion revascularization. Results A total of 217 patients (age, 55 ± 11 years; male, 169) with 300 treated lesions were included (median follow-up, 36 months [range, 26–41 months]; complete follow-up, 201 patients). Diabetes mellitus and acute coronary syndrome were present in 50% and 57% of patients, respectively. TVF rate was 32/201 (15.9%), including cardiac death in 10 (5%), target vessel MI in 13 (6.5%), and target lesion revascularization in 22 patients (10.9%). Definite or probable device thrombosis occurred in 11/201 patients (5.5%). TVF was associated with heart failure, worse ejection fraction, multi-vessel BVS, multi BVS in lesion, and total BVS length >50 mm. Conclusions Long-term outcome following Absorb BVS implantation in a population with high prevalence of high-risk and complex patients is acceptable, but heart failure, worse ejection fraction, and multi-vessel or long BVS implantation were associated with worse outcomes.
Higher Levels of Dairy Result in Improved Physical Outcomes: A Synthesis of 3 Randomized Controlled Trials in Guinea-Bissau Comparing Supplements with Different Levels of Dairy Ingredients Among Children 6 to 59 Months, 5 to 19 Year Olds, and Mothers in Preschools, Primary Schools, and Villages, and the Implications for Programs
Authors: Schlossman Nina 
Published: September 2018

Background: This article synthesizes the results of 3 cluster randomized controlled trials of dairy-containing ready-to-use supplementary foods (RUSFs) to address malnutrition in primary schools, preschools and villages in Guinea-Bissau, one of the world’s poorest countries. Together, these studies document widespread malnutrition across infants, young children, adolescents, and pregnant and lactating women and point to intervention options that were not previously presented. Objective: To combine the evidence from the United States Department of Agriculture–funded pilot studies in Guinea-Bissau on the effects of dairy protein supplementation to gain a broader perspective on the role of dairy containing RUSFs in various age-groups, the importance of the mother–child dyad and family food dynamics for infant and child growth. Translate the results into action and the next generation of effective products. Methods: A comparative analysis of data and synthesis of evidence from 3 published studies and ongoing research conducted by our team in Guinea-Bissau. Results and Conclusions: Higher dairy supplements have the potential to achieve broad benefits for malnutrition, especially in mothers and early childhood (first 1000 days and 36-59 months). Higher levels of dairy protein also can prevent moderate acute malnutrition in children younger than 2 years, independent of the family food dynamic. Community-level nutrition behavior change education should target older children and adolescents at the community level and through the preschool/school platform.
Comparison of virtual visit versus traditional clinic for management of varicose veins
Authors: Lin Judith C , Mclaughlin Dylan , Zurawski Dana , Kennedy Nicole , Kabbani Loay 
Published: September 2018

Introduction The objective of this study is to compare the clinical outcomes of patients with varicose veins managed in the telemedicine clinic and traditional clinic. Methods Retrospective analysis of all vein procedures in the institutional Vascular Quality Initiative Varicose Vein Registry (VQI VVR) was performed from January 2015 to August 2017. Patients were divided into two groups: Telemedicine versus Traditional Clinic. Comparison data included patient demographics, past medical history, clinical outcomes, patient-reported outcomes and postoperative complications. Statistical testing included chi-square test for categorical variables and student t-test for continuous variables using the SPSS statistical software. Results A total of 1034 varicose vein procedures were performed during the 31-month study period. There were 75 virtual encounters in the Telemedicine Clinic (Group A) and 959 face-to-face encounters in the Traditional Clinic (Group B). Most of the demographics characteristics were clinically similar in both groups. Comparing Group A and Group B, there were no differences in age, sex, race and body mass index. Early 3-month follow up was 100% in Group A and 90.7% in Group B. Both groups had low complication rates of haematoma (1.3% vs 0.3%, p = 0.884), paraesthesia (1.3% vs 0.6%, p = 0.767) and recanalisation (1.3% vs 4.0%, p = 0.383) during the early follow up period. Discussion Synchronous virtual visits for patient care are feasible for the management of chronic venous disease. Patients with varicose veins who choose to undergo telemedicine evaluations have similar pre-operative demographics, clinical classification and patient outcomes.