bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Directed reprogramming of comprehensively characterized dental pulp stem cells extracted from natal tooth
Authors: Pisal Rishikaysh V. , Suchanek Jakub , Siller Richard , Soukup Tomas , Hrebikova Hana , Bezrouk Ales , Kunke David , Micuda Stanislav , Filip Stanislav , Sullivan Gareth , Mokry Jaroslav 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe aim of this study was to extensively characterise natal dental pulp stem cells (nDPSC) and assess their efficiency to generate human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC). A number of distinguishing features prompted us to choose nDPSC over normal adult DPSC, in that they differed in cell surface marker expression and initial doubling time. In addition, nDPSC expressed 17 out of 52 pluripotency genes we analysed, and the level of expression was comparable to human embryonic stem cells (hESC). Ours is the first group to report comprehensive characterization of nDPSC followed by directed reprogramming to a pluripotent stem cell state. nDPSC yielded hiPSC colonies upon transduction with Sendai virus expressing the pluripotency transcription factorsPOU5F1, SOX2, c-MYCandKLF4. nDPSC had higher reprogramming efficiency compared to human fibroblasts. nDPSC derived hiPSCs closely resembled hESC in terms of their morphology, expression of pluripotency markers and gene expression profiles. Furthermore, nDPSC derived hiPSCs differentiated into the three germ layers when cultured as embryoid bodies (EB) and by directed differentiation. Based on our findings, nDPSC present a unique marker expression profile compared with adult DPSC and possess higher reprogramming efficiency as compared with dermal fibroblasts thus proving to be more amenable for reprogramming.
Proton-decoupled carbon magnetic resonance spectroscopy in human calf muscles at 7 T using a multi-channel radiofrequency coil
Authors: Goluch Sigrun , Frass-Kriegl Roberta , Meyerspeer Martin , Pichler Michael , Sieg Jürgen , Gajdošík Martin , Krššák Martin , Laistler Elmar 
Published: April 2018

Abstract13C magnetic resonance spectroscopy is a viable, non-invasive method to study cell metabolism in skeletal muscles. However, MR sensitivity of 13C is inherently low, which can be overcome by applying a higher static magnetic field strength together with radiofrequency coil arrays instead of single loop coils or large volume coils, and 1H decoupling, which leads to a simplified spectral pattern. 1H-decoupled 13C-MRS requires RF coils which support both, 1H and 13C, Larmor frequencies with sufficient electromagnetic isolation between the pathways of the two frequencies. We present the development, evaluation, and first in vivo measurement with a 7 T 3-channel 13C and 4-channel 1H transceiver array optimized for 1H-decoupled 13C-MRS in the posterior human calf muscles. To ensure minimal cross-coupling between 13C and 1H arrays, several strategies were combined: mutual magnetic flux was minimized by coil geometry, two LCC traps were inserted into each 13C element, and band-pass and low-pass filters were integrated along the signal pathways. The developed coil array was successfully tested in phantom and in vivo MR experiments, showing a simplified spectral pattern and increase in signal-to-noise ratio of approximately a factor 2 between non-decoupled and 1H-decoupled spectra in a glucose phantom and the human calf muscle.
Deviations of the immune cell landscape between healthy liver and hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Rohr-Udilova Nataliya , Klinglmüller Florian , Schulte-Hermann Rolf , Stift Judith , Herac Merima , Salzmann Martina , Finotello Francesca , Timelthaler Gerald , Oberhuber Georg , Pinter Matthias , Reiberger Thomas , Jensen-Jarolim Erika , Eferl Robert , Trauner Michael 
Published: April 2018

AbstractTumor-infiltrating immune cells are highly relevant for prognosis and identification of immunotherapy targets in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The recently developed CIBERSORT method allows immune cell profiling by deconvolution of gene expression microarray data. By applying CIBERSORT, we assessed the relative proportions of immune cells in 41 healthy human livers, 305 HCC samples and 82 HCC adjacent tissues. The obtained immune cell profiles provided enumeration and activation status of 22 immune cell subtypes. Mast cells were evaluated by immunohistochemistry in ten HCC patients. Activated mast cells, monocytes and plasma cells were decreased in HCC, while resting mast cells, total and naïve B cells, CD4+ memory resting and CD8+ T cells were increased when compared to healthy livers. Previously described S1, S2 and S3 molecular HCC subclasses demonstrated increased M1-polarized macrophages in the S3 subclass with good prognosis. Strong total immune cell infiltration into HCC correlated with total B cells, memory B cells, T follicular helper cells and M1 macrophages, whereas weak infiltration was linked to resting NK cells, neutrophils and resting mast cells. Immunohistochemical analysis of patient samples confirmed the reduced frequency of mast cells in human HCC tumor tissue as compared to tumor adjacent tissue. Our data demonstrate that deconvolution of gene expression data by CIBERSORT provides valuable information about immune cell composition of HCC patients.
Tension-induced twist of twist-spun carbon nanotube yarns and its effect on their torsional behavior
Authors: Jeon Seung-Yeol , Kwon Dongil , Yu Woong-Ryeol 
Published: April 2018

AbstractTwist-spun carbon nanotube (CNT) yarns exhibit a large and reversible rotational behavior under specific boundary conditions. In situ polarized Raman spectroscopy revealed that a tension-induced twist provides reversibility to this rotation. The orientation changes of individual CNTs were followed when twist-spun CNT yarns were untwisted and subsequently retwisted. Twist-spun CNT yarn, when untwisted and subsequently retwisted under the one-ended tethered boundary condition, showed irreversible orientation changes of the individual CNTs due to snarls formed during the untwisting operation, which resulted in macroscopic irreversible rotational behavior of the CNT yarns. In contrast, the orientation changes of the individual CNTs in twist-spun CNT yarn, when operated under the two-ended tethered boundary condition, were hysteretically reversible due to a tension-induced twist, which has not been reported previously. Indeed, the tension-induced twist was observed by following the orientation change of individual CNTs in elongated CNT yarns, which simulated the deformational behavior of the CNT yarn rotated under the two-ended tethered boundary condition.
Analysis for Patient Survival after Open Abdomen for Torso Trauma and the Impact of Achieving Primary Fascial Closure: A Single-Center Experience
Authors: Hsu Yu-Pao , Wong Yon-Cheong , Fu Chih-Yuan , Wang Shang-Yu , Liao Chien-Hung , Yang Chun-Hsiang Ou , Yuan Kuo-Ching 
Published: April 2018

AbstractOpen abdomen indicates the abdominal fascia is unclosed to abbreviate surgery and to reduce physiological stress. However, complications and difficulties in patient care are often encountered after operation. During May 2008 to March 2013, we performed a prospective protocol-directed observation study regarding open abdomen use in trauma patients. Bogota bag is the temporary abdomen closure initially but negative pressure dressing is used later. A goal-directed ICU care is applied and primary fascial closure is the primary endpoint. There were 242 patients received laparotomy after torso trauma and 84 (34.7%) had open abdomen. Twenty patients soon died within one day and were excluded. Among the included 64 patients, there were 49 (76.6%) males and the mean Injury Severity Score was 31.7. Uncontrolled bleeding was the major indication for open abdomen (64.1%) and the average duration of open abdomen was about 4.2 ± 2.2 days. After treatment, 53(82.8%) had primary fascia closure, which is significant for patient survival (odds ratio 21.6; 95% confidence interval: 3.27–142, p = 0.0014). Factors related to failed primary fascia closure are profound shock during operation, high Sequential Organ Failure Assessment Score in ICU and inadequate urine amount at first 48 hours admission.
Overcoming Bias: Cognitive Control Reduces Susceptibility to Framing Effects in Evaluating Musical Performance
Authors: Aydogan Gökhan , Flaig Nicole , Ravi Srekar N. , Large Edward W. , McClure Samuel M. , Margulis Elizabeth Hellmuth 
Published: April 2018

AbstractPrior expectations can bias evaluative judgments of sensory information. We show that information about a performer’s status can bias the evaluation of musical stimuli, reflected by differential activity of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC). Moreover, we demonstrate that decreased susceptibility to this confirmation bias is (a) accompanied by the recruitment of and (b) correlated with the white-matter structure of the executive control network, particularly related to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC). By using long-duration musical stimuli, we were able to track the initial biasing, subsequent perception, and ultimate evaluation of the stimuli, examining the full evolution of these biases over time. Our findings confirm the persistence of confirmation bias effects even when ample opportunity exists to gather information about true stimulus quality, and underline the importance of executive control in reducing bias.
Effectiveness of Traditional Chinese Medicineas as an Adjunct Therapy for Refractory Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review and Meta Analysis
Authors: Wei Yan-Yan , Lin Wan-Fu , Zhang Tian-Hong , Tang Yun-Xiang , Wang Ji-Jun , Zhong Mao-Feng 
Published: April 2018

AbstractAlthough recent studies focused on traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for the treatment of refractory schizophrenia have reported that it may be beneficial, there is still lack of convincing evidence and critical meta-analytic work regarding its effectiveness as an adjunctive therapy. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to investigate the effectiveness of TCM in combination with antipsychotics for refractory schizophrenia. Fourteen articles involving 1725 patients published as of December 2016 were included which compared antipsychotic therapies to either TCM alone, or TCM as an adjunctive therapy. TCM was observed to have beneficial effects on aspects of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) including total score changes and negative score changes, as well as clinical effects estimated with PANSS or the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS). The changes in extrapyramidal side effects (RSESE) scores from baseline to the end of the treatment period were similar in two groups of related trials. TCM was also reported to mitigate some anti-psychotic related side-effects and overall, TCM adjuvant therapy was generally safe and well tolerated. While, the results indicated the potential utility of TCM as an alternative adjunctive therapeutic for refractory schizophrenia treatment, there remains a need for further high-quality studies.
An Information Theory-Inspired Strategy for Design of
Re-programmable Encrypted Graphene-based Coding Metasurfaces at Terahertz
Frequencies
Authors: Momeni Ali , Rouhi Kasra , Rajabalipanah Hamid , Abdolali Ali 
Published: April 2018

AbstractInspired by the information theory, a new concept of re-programmable
encrypted graphene-based coding metasurfaces was investigated at terahertz
frequencies. A channel-coding function was proposed to convolutionally record an
arbitrary information message onto unrecognizable but recoverable parity beams
generated by a phase-encrypted coding metasurface. A single graphene-based
reflective cell with dual-mode biasing voltages was designed to act as “0” and “1”
meta-atoms, providing broadband opposite reflection phases. By exploiting graphene
tunability, the proposed scheme enabled an unprecedented degree of freedom in the
real-time mapping of information messages onto multiple parity beams which could not
be damaged, altered, and reverse-engineered. Various encryption types such as
mirroring, anomalous reflection, multi-beam generation, and scattering diffusion can
be dynamically attained via our multifunctional metasurface. Besides, contrary to
conventional time-consuming and optimization-based methods, this paper convincingly
offers a fast, straightforward, and efficient design of diffusion metasurfaces of
arbitrarily large size. Rigorous full-wave simulations corroborated the results
where the phase-encrypted metasurfaces exhibited a polarization-insensitive
reflectivity less than −10 dB over a broadband frequency range from 1 THz to
1.7 THz. This work reveals new opportunities for the extension of re-programmable
THz-coding metasurfaces and may be of interest for reflection-type security systems,
computational imaging, and camouflage technology.
Micro-deformation evolutions of the constituent phases in duplex stainless steel during cyclic nanoindentation
Authors: Cui Yuan-Yuan , Jia Yun-Fei , Xuan Fu-Zhen 
Published: April 2018

AbstractCyclic elastoplastic deformation behaviors of austenite phase and ferrite phase in a duplex stainless steel were investigate by load-controlled cyclic nanoindentation with a Berkovich indenter. During the tests, the maximum penetration depth per cycle increased rapidly with cycle number at transient state, and reached stable at quasi-steady state. Plastic dissipated energy was quantitatively proved to be the driving force for the propagation of deformation zones during cyclic nanoindentation tests. Transmission electron microscopy combined with FIB was used to reveal the deformation mechanisms of both phases underneath indents with cycles. After quasi-static single loading, nucleation and concentration of dislocations were observed in both austenite phase and ferrite phase under the indenter. After cyclic loading, dislocations propagated to further regions in both phases. Besides, slip bands were generated within single nanoindentation and propagated during the subsequent cyclic nanoindentation. The sizes of the deformation regions for both phases under the indents after cyclic indentation observed by TEM were consistent with those calculated by the expansion model of spherical cavity.
IL-13 may be involved in the development of CAD via different mechanisms under different conditions in a Chinese Han population
Authors: Zha Ling-Feng , Nie Shao-Fang , Chen Qian-Wen , Liao Yu-Hua , Zhang Hong-Song , Dong Jiang-Tao , Xie Tian , Wang Fan , Tang Ting-Ting , Xia Ni , Xu Cheng-Qi , Zhou Ying-Chao , Zeng Zhi-Peng , Jiao Jiao , Wang Peng-Yun , Wang Qing K. , Tu Xin , Cheng Xiang 
Published: April 2018

AbstractInterleukin-13 (IL-13) has important functions in atherosclerosis, but its role in coronary artery disease (CAD) is unclear. Here, we studied the genetic role of IL-13 in CAD in a Chinese Han population using tag SNPs covering the whole IL13 gene (i.e., rs1881457, rs2069744 and rs20541) and a two-stage cohort containing 1863 CAD cases and 1841 controls. Traditional risk factors for CAD, such as age, BMI, and other factors, were used as covariates in logistic regression analysis. In the total population, we found that two haplotypes of IL13 (ATG and ATA, ordered rs1881457C-rs2069744T-rs20541A) significantly contributed to the risk of CAD with adjusted p values less than 0.05 (padj = 0.019 and padj = 0.042, respectively). In subgroup population analyses, the variant rs1881457C was found to significantly contribute to a nearly two fold increase in the risk of CAD in men (padj = 0.023, OR = 1.91, 95% CI: 1.09-3.33). The variant rs1881457C also significantly contributed to a nearly twofold risk of late-onset CAD (padj = 0.024, OR = 1.93, 95% CI: 1.09-3.42). In conclusion, IL13 might be involved in CAD via different mechanisms under different conditions in the Chinese Han population.
Stem cells in middle ear cholesteatoma contribute to its pathogenesis
Authors: Nagel Julia , Wöllner Saskia , Schürmann Matthias , Brotzmann Viktoria , Müller Janine , Greiner Johannes FW , Goon Peter , Kaltschmidt Barbara , Kaltschmidt Christian , Sudhoff Holger 
Published: April 2018

AbstractCholesteatoma is a potentially life-threatening middle ear lesion due to the formation of an inflamed ectopic mass of keratinizing squamous epithelium. Surgical removal remains the only treatment option, emphasizing the need to gain a better understanding of this severe disease. We show for the first time that stem cells residing in cholesteatoma tissue contribute to disease progression. Cells expressing the “stemness” markers Nestin and S100B were detected in middle ear cholesteatoma and auditory canal skin. Isolated Nestin + /S100B + -cells showed the capability for self-renewal, neurosphere formation and differentiation into mesodermal and ectodermal cell types. Compared to auditory canal skin stem cells middle ear cholesteatoma-derived stem cells displayed an enhanced susceptibility to inflammatory stimuli, and this suggested a possible contribution to the inflammatory environment in cholesteatoma tissue. Cholesteatoma derived stem cells were able to differentiate into keratinocyte-like cells using factors mimicking the microenvironment of cholesteatoma. Our findings demonstrate a new perspective on the pathogenesis of cholesteatoma and may lead to new treatment strategies for this severe middle ear lesion.
Contrasting catastrophic eruptions predicted by different intrusion and collapse scenarios
Authors: Rincón M. , Márquez A. , Herrera R. , Alonso-Torres A. , Granja-Bruña J. L. , van Wyk de Vries B. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractCatastrophic volcanic eruptions triggered by landslide collapses can jet upwards or blast sideways. Magma intrusion is related to both landslide-triggered eruptive scenarios (lateral or vertical), but it is not clear how such different responses are produced, nor if any precursor can be used for forecasting them. We approach this problem with physical analogue modelling enhanced with X-ray Multiple Detector Computed Tomography scanning, used to track evolution of internal intrusion, and its related faulting and surface deformation. We find that intrusions produce three different volcano deformation patterns, one of them involving asymmetric intrusion and deformation, with the early development of a listric slump fault producing pronounced slippage of one sector. This previously undescribed early deep potential slip surface provides a unified explanation for the two different eruptive scenarios (lateral vs. vertical). Lateral blast only occurs in flank collapse when the intrusion has risen into the sliding block. Otherwise, vertical rather than lateral expansion of magma is promoted by summit dilatation and flank buttressing. The distinctive surface deformation evolution detected opens the possibility to forecast the possible eruptive scenarios: laterally directed blast should only be expected when surface deformation begins to develop oblique to the first major fault.
Molecular basis for governing the morphology of type-I collagen fibrils by Osteomodulin
Authors: Tashima Takumi , Nagatoishi Satoru , Caaveiro Jose M. M. , Nakakido Makoto , Sagara Hiroshi , Kusano-Arai Osamu , Iwanari Hiroko , Mimuro Hitomi , Hamakubo Takao , Ohnuma Shin-ichi , Tsumoto Kouhei 
Published: April 2018

AbstractSmall leucine-rich repeat proteoglycan (SLRP) proteins have an important role in the organization of the extracellular matrix, especially in the formation of collagen fibrils. However, the mechanism governing the shape of collagen fibrils is poorly understood. Here, we report that the protein Osteomodulin (OMD) of the SLRP family is a monomeric protein in solution that interacts with type-I collagen. This interaction is dominated by weak electrostatic forces employing negatively charged residues of OMD, in particular Glu284 and Glu303, and controlled by entropic factors. The protein OMD establishes a fast-binding equilibrium with collagen, where OMD may engage not only with individual collagen molecules, but also with the growing fibrils. This weak electrostatic interaction is carefully balanced so it modulates the shape of the fibrils without compromising their viability.
Therapiekonzepte zur Behandlung von Patienten mit nicht infektiöser Uveitis: biologische Disease Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs
Authors: Walscheid Karoline , Pleyer Uwe , Heiligenhaus Arnd 
Published: April 2018

ZusammenfassungBiologika stellen eine hochwirksame Therapieoption für verschiedene nicht infektiöse Uveitisformen dar. Einziges zugelassenes Biologikum ist der TNF-α-Inhibitor Adalimumab, alle anderen Präparate müssen im Rahmen einer Off-Label-Therapie gegeben werden. Die Indikation zur Therapieinitiierung mit einem Biologikum besteht, wenn die Erkrankung nicht ausreichend anspricht auf eine Behandlung mit systemischen Steroiden und/oder csDMARDs (konventionell-synthetischen disease modifying antirheumatic drugs) oder diese aufgrund von unerwünschten Wirkungen nicht gegeben werden können. Derzeit in der klinischen Anwendung befindliche biologische DMARD-Präparate wirken über zytokinspezifische Mechanismen (TNF-α-Inhibition, Interferone, Hemmung der Signaltransduktion von Interleukin-1 [IL-1], IL-6 und IL-17) sowie Hemmung der T-Zell-Kostimulation (CTLA-4-Fusionsprotein), oder B-Zell-Depletion (Anti-CD20). Alle Präparate müssen parenteral verabreicht werden. Die Einleitung einer Biologikatherapie sollte nach interdisziplinärer Abstimmung und Ausschluss von Kontraindikationen erfolgen. Ein regelmäßiges klinisches und laborchemisches Monitoring unter der Therapie ist erforderlich.
Die Limbokeratoplastik zur Behandlung von gittrigen und granulären Hornhautdystrophien
Authors: Lapp Thabo , Maier Philip , Böhringer Daniel , Reinhard Thomas 
Published: April 2018

ZusammenfassungDie homologe Limbokeratoplastik (Limbo-KP) wurde initial zur Behandlung von Formen schwerer Limbusinsuffizienz etabliert, um nach Transplantation einen vollständigen und dauerhaften Epithelschluss im Bereich der Hornhaut zu gewährleisten. Nach Erweiterung des Indikationsspektrums kommt die Limbo-KP mittlerweile auch bei epithelialen/stromalen Hornhautdystrophien wie der gittrigen und der granulären Hornhautdystrophie (die mit einer Mutation im TGFBI-Gen [TGFBI: transforming growth factor beta-induced] assoziiert sind) zum Einsatz. Ziel der Limbo-KP hierbei ist es, ein klares Transplantatüberleben ohne Rezidiv der Dystrophie im Transplantat zu erreichen, da es nach konventioneller Keratoplastik stets zu Rezidiven und einer damit einhergehenden Visusminderung kommt.
Supratentorial Atypical Rhabdoid Teratoid Tumor – A Case Report
Authors: Mesquita Filho Paulo , Vartha Ana , De Carli Fernanda , Manfroi Gregori , De Cesaro Marcelo , Oro Carlos , Figini Vitório , Azambuja Júnior Nério , Beck Adriana , Schwingel Daniela 
Published: April 2018

AbstractAtypical rhabdoid teratoid tumors (ARTTs) are rare embryonic tumors, usually localized in the posterior fossa and diagnosed in children under 3 years-old. The treatment includes surgical resection, radio and chemotherapy, and the prognostic is unfavorable, with an average median survival of 1 year. We present the case of a 3-year-old patient, with history of headache and vomiting, followed by absence seizures, temporal automatism, syncope accompanied by sialorrhea and sphincteric loss succeeded by a postictal period. Surgical excision was performed and the anatomopathological study confirmed ARTT. The ARTTs are embryonic tumors, a category in which medulloblastoma and primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNETs) represent the most common central nervous system (CNS) malignancies in childhood.