bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk assessment of type 2 diabetes among the adult population using Indian Diabetes Risk Score: a community-based cross-sectional study in Central India
Authors: Sastry Nidhi P. , Deshmukh Jyotsna S. , Ekre Kalyani R. , Solanki Manisha D. , Nitnaware Vihangi V. 
Published: November 2024

Background: Diabetes mellitus is one of the leading causes of long term morbidity and is a major health hazard in a developing country like India. Because of the disease’s growing burden, its iceberg nature, its consequences, and the ability to prevent the complications through early identification and treatment, strong efforts for early diabetes diagnosis are essential. Early identification of the high risk individuals would help in taking appropriate intervention thus helping to prevent, or at least delay, the onset of diabetes. Indian Diabetes Risk Score (IDRS) is a cost-effective tool for screening of undiagnosed diabetic individuals in the community.
Methods: A community based cross sectional study was conducted in the urban field practice area of Indira Gandhi Government Medical College, Nagpur, Maharashtra among 360 participants above 18 years of age. Indian Diabetes Risk Score (IDRS) was used to assess risk of diabetes. Chi-square test was applied to determine association between variables.
Results: Out of the 360 study participants, 86 (23.89%), 156 (43.33%) and 118 (32.78%) participants were in low risk, moderate risk and high risk categories respectively. Risk of diabetes was significantly associated with age, socioeconomic status, physical activity, adequate fruit and vegetable intake, high consumption of sweet foods, history of hypertension, family history of diabetes, body mass index and waist circumference.
Conclusions: Risk assessment using IDRS is useful for screening of individuals. This would help to take necessary interventions for their early diagnosis and treatment.
Examining the reliability and validity of self-efficacy beliefs, stress, perceived teachers' support and academic burnout scales using the PLS-SEM approach
Authors: Li Jingyuan , Lay Yoon Fah 
Published: November 2024

Likert scales were used in this study to collect data on measures such as the student academic burnout scale, the student stress scale, the student self-efficacy beliefs scale and the student perceived teacher support scale. The purpose of this study is to examine the four-part scales' reliability and validity used in this research. The number of measurement indicators for the four scales was 11, 13, 12 and 10, respectively. Seventy-five college students from five colleges and universities participated in the research and the partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) approach was applied to analyze the data. Consequently, the internal consistency and reliability of the measures were assessed using Cronbach's alpha (CA) and composite reliability (CR) both of which exceeded the clinical thresholds of 0.6 and 0.7, respectively. The average variance extracted (AVE) was used to evaluate the scales' convergent validity and the reported values were all stated above 0.5. The scales' discriminant validity was also framed within the range of threshold values. As a result, the scales used in this study demonstrated good validity and reliability and can be useful in assessing relationships throughout a range of study situations.
Pathomorphology of Acute Duck Cholera Infection in Meat Ducks
Authors: Srinivasan P. , Murthy T.R.G. , Gopal K. , Saravavn S. , Gowthaman V. 
Published: December 2024

Background: Duck farming is one of the major income generating enterprise, promoting rural economy in India. The occurrence of infectious diseases is the major bottle neck in the profit generation process of duck rearing. Duck cholera is one of the major bacterial infections, commonly noticed in 4 to 11 weeks age of egg laying ducks caused by Pasteurella multocida, leading to high mortality in ducklings whereas adult as well as meat type ducks are resistant. The present communication describes pathomorphology of acute duck cholera in Vigova Super M meat type breeder flock. Methods: An investigation was carried out to ascertain the possible cause of increased mortality in an intensively maintained 1000 Vigova Super M meat type breeder flock of 25 week old during the month of July 2023. Necropsy examination conducted on five dead birds and samples collected and subjected for bacteriological and pathological examination. Result: Affected breeder duck flocks showed cumulative mortality of 18 per cent. Clinical signs of depression, inappetance, mild conjunctivitis and mucus discharge from nostril for one or two days followed by death were noticed. At necropsy, hepatomegaly and splenomegaly with multifocal cream-colored foci randomly distributed throughout the parenchyma, vascular changes in various visceral organs were noticed. Impression smear of visceral organs of dead birds revealed bipolar organisms which was confirmed as Pasteurella multocida by cultural and biochemical examination. Microscopically, there was multifocal splenic and hepatic necrosis with intralesional rod-shaped bacteria. In conclusion, this investigation indicated that the adult breeder ducks susceptible to duck cholera, exhibiting pathomorphological features similar to young ducklings.
Testing the Feasibility of a Cross-Setting Measure to Address the Rising Trend in Hospital Outpatient TJA Procedures
Authors: Wallace Lori R. , Tan Zhen , Barthel Andrea , Sáenz Matthew P. , Grady Jacqueline N. , Balestracci Kathleen M.B. , Bozic Kevin J. , Myers Raquel , McDonough Dena L. , Lin Zhenqiu , Suter Lisa G. 
Published: December 2024

Background:
Elective primary total hip and total knee arthroplasty (collectively, total joint arthroplasties [TJAs]) are commonly performed procedures that can reduce pain and improve function. TJAs are generally safe, but complications can occur. Although historically performed as inpatient procedures, TJAs are increasingly being performed in the outpatient setting. We sought to develop a scientifically acceptable cross-setting measure for evaluating care quality across inpatient and outpatient settings.

Methods:
Using Medicare administrative claims and enrollment data for qualifying TJA patients, we respecified the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) inpatient-only risk-standardized TJA complications measure to assess complication rates following elective primary TJAs performed in an inpatient or outpatient setting. We aligned inpatient and outpatient coding practices and used hierarchical logistic regression to calculate hospital-specific, risk-standardized complication rates (RSCRs). Lower rates correspond to better quality. Using accepted approaches for CMS measures, we tested measure reliability and vetted key measure decisions with patient and provider input.

Results:
A single combined model including the procedure setting as a risk variable produced the highest discrimination (C-statistic for a single combined model with a setting indicator: 0.664, C-statistic for the inpatient-only model: 0.651, C-statistic for the outpatient-only model: 0.638). Among the 2,747 hospitals with at least 25 TJAs, the mean RSCR (using the combined model with a setting indicator) was 2.91% (median RSCR: 2.85%; interquartile range: 2.59% to 3.18%). The median odds ratio for complication occurrence at a higher-risk hospital compared with a lower-risk hospital was 1.33.

Conclusions:
We respecified a measure to assess hospital inpatient or outpatient TJA performance and evaluated the reliability and validity of the measure. The findings showed variation in hospital-level complication rates across settings as indicated by this measure, supporting the feasibility of evaluating hospital performance using a more representative population than inpatient TJAs alone.

Level of Evidence:
Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
SigColDroid: An Efficient and Reliable Approach to Discriminate Colluding Applications from Single-App Malware Based on Significant Permissions Intelligence
Authors: Mawoh Roger Yiran , Wacka Joan Beri Ali , Tchakounte Franklin , Fachkha Claude , . Kolyang 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Mobile devices are vulnerable to malicious apps that jeopardize user privacy and device integrity. Thisincludes single-app malware that operates independently and colluding Android apps that collaboratewith each other to carry out a malicious attack. Existing detection methods primarily focus on single-appmalware and hence will misclassify colluding Android apps. This paper introduces SigColDroid, a novelapproach for detecting colluding Android apps and single-app malware by leveraging dangerous permissions.The research begins by extracting and identifying key features, such as permissions, smali file size, andpermission rates, for model training. To facilitate comprehensive evaluation, a balanced dataset of 1,455apps is created, consisting of 485 benign apps, 485 randomly sampled single-app malware from theAndroZoo repository, and 485 colluding applications. Extensive experimentation is conducted using fiveensemble classifiers: random forest, Extra Trees, AdaBoost, XGBoost, and LightGBM. The classifiers areevaluated based on five metrics: Precision, Recall, F1-score, accuracy, and the area under the receiveroperation curve (ROC_AUC). The experimental findings highlight the following key insights: (i) Identificationof the five most significant permission features for detecting colluding applications; (ii) Positive impact ofsmali file size and permission rates on classification performance; (iii) Superior performance of RandomForest with a ROC_AUC of 99.48% and LightGBM with 96.91% accuracy, 96.96% precision, 96.90% recalland 96.90% F1-score compared to other classifiers; (iv) Comparative analysis with previous researchdemonstrates that SigColDroid, despite utilizing fewer features, outperforms state-of-the-art approaches.The proposed approach presents an effective solution for detecting colluding Android apps using permissionsand contributes to the advancement of improved detection and prevention mechanisms in mobile security
Article Title]{Multi-Robot Collaborative 3D Path Planning Based On Game Theory and Particle Swarm Optimization Hybrid Method
Authors: Qiu Hong , Yu Wentao , Zhang Gan , Xia Xuan , Yao Kun 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Multi-robot path planning in 3D environment is complex and challenging task that needs to consider not only the high quality and safety of the paths, but also the coordination between robots. Aiming at this problem, a collaborative 3D path planning scheme using game theory and Particle Swarm Optimization hybrid method (GTPHM) is presented in paper. Firstly, a cost function is formulated to transform path planning into an optimization problem, for which the multi-robot space motion equation is designed to satisfy the dynamic constraints. Then, a game theory-based multi-robot path planning framework is established, using collision costs and multi-objective heuristic functions as game gains to maintain the game-theoretic interaction between robots. In the improved particle swarm optimization algorithm(PSO), the particle space position transformation method designed according to the three-dimensional space vector, used as a strategy update mechanism based on game theory. For collisions avoidance between robots, each robot adjusts its Cooperative strategy based on the behavior of the other robots. Each robot chooses the optimal cooperative strategy, and then gradually approach the Nash equilibrium. Comparative experimental results show that GTPHM can effectively guide multi-robot to plan a safe and collision-free path from the starting point to the target point in mountain and city complex 3D environment.
CT Assessment of Nasal Septal Deviations
Authors: Abodahab Ahmad Mokhtar , Abdelbary Ebtsam Ahmed Mohammed 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
The nasal cavities are complex anatomical structures with high variability that relate to different functions. Different anatomic variants may manifest at this site, mainly involving the nasal septum and turbinate. Nasal septal deviation (NSD) is a common finding in both clinical and radiological examinations. It has variable shapes, directions, and significance, which made a difference either in the complaint of the patient or in his management planes in addition to other associated pathologies of the paranasal sinuses. ENT clinical examination is the first step of evaluation, but CT scan is considered the main diagnostic tool for assessment of NSD.
Methods
A retrospective study of 50 cases (33 males and 17 females) underwent a non-enhanced CT scan of PNS and was diagnosed as one of the variable types and degrees of NSD with no history of nasal trauma to be studied and evaluated as regarding type, direction, maximal distance of deviation from Medline and associated pathologies.
Conclusion
CT scan is the main tool as an imaging modality for the diagnosis of deviated nasal septum. Our study has concluded that NSD is more common in males than in females. Deviation is generally more to the left slightly than to the right. Our study considered 3 main types of NSD Curve, Spur, and Z shape. Spur type is the commonest, then curve types, and the least common type is the Z shape. Hypertrophied lower concha at the contralateral side of deviation was noticed but not confirmed as an etiology. The maximal distance of deviation is generally less than 1.5 cm. CT is the best was for detailed assessment of deviated nasal septum either for diagnosis or for good planning of treatment.
Shading effects on the biomass and non-structural carbohydrate content of Pinus yunnanensis seedlings
Authors: Duan Guihe , Wu Junwen , Liu Yuanxi , Jing Huiqing , Li Zhiqi , Wen Chengjing , Chen Gang 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

To investigate the effects of different shade treatments on the growth and non-structural carbohydrates of Pinus yunnanensis seedlings, and to provide a theoretical basis for the cultivation of P. yunnanensis seedlings. In this experiment, the growth, biomass and non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) of P. yunnanensis seedlings were measured by simulating the depressed understory environment and adopting the pot shade method with four shade treatments, 20% shade level (L1), 50% shade level (L2), 70% shade level (L3), 95% shade level (L4), and full light as the control treatment (CK). (1) Shade significantly affected the seedling height, ground diameter, biomass, needle NSC content and thick root NSC content of P. yunnanensis seedlings. With the increase of shade intensity, the seedling height and ground diameter showed a trend of increasing and then decreasing, the biomass showed a trend of decreasing and then increasing and then decreasing, the proportion of needle biomass decreased while the proportion of thick root biomass increased, and the NSC content of needles and thick roots showed a trend of decreasing and then increasing and then decreasing, and the respective shade treatments were all significantly lower than the CK treatment, the percentage of NSC content in needles decreased and then increased, and the percentage of NSC content in thick roots increased and then decreased. Seedling height, ground diameter, and biomass were greatest in the L3 treatment, and NSC content of thick roots was highest in all treatments. (2) The plasticity index of needle and fine root biomass was the highest, and there was a general positive correlation between seedling growth and NSC. Seedling height, ground diameter, stem biomass, needle soluble sugar, needle starch, fine root soluble sugar, and fine root starch were the important indices of shade adaptation, and the L3 treatment had the highest principal component values. In conclusion, P. yunnanensis seedlings will respond to the shade environment by changing the distribution of biomass and NSC in organs, and moderate shade was favorable for the regeneration and cultivation of P. yunnanensis seedlings in the understory, therefore, it is recommended that appropriate light penetration logging be carried out during the renewal of understory P. yunnanensis seedlings, and shade treatment be used during the cultivation of seedlings.
Molecular Dynamics Study of Polyphenolic and Flavonoids of Momordica charantia with Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) of Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 (DPP4)
Authors: Singh Brijraj , Singh Ankit Kumar , Kumar Adarsh , Kumar Pradeep , Yadav Jagat Pal , Mejía-Méndez Jorge L. , Verma Amita 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a serious global health concern. In this research, flavonoids and polyphenolic compounds from the Momordica charantia were searched for the potential inhibitor against dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitor through the in-silico techniques. First, we screened out selected compounds based on molecular docking binding score and those with good binding affinity are selected for the further molecular dynamics study and Absorption, Distribution, metabolism, Extraction (ADME). Molecular docking study revealed four phytoconstituents as potential compounds such as quercetin, catechin, naringenin and epicatechin. Further, RMSD and RMSF study shows quercetin has stable configuration than catechin. Drug likeness profile shows all selected candidate follow the Lipinski’s rule and Vaber rule. Based on computation study from the Momordica charantia plant quercetin and catechin are the highly potential compound. These compounds have the highest molecular docking score, good drug-likeness profile and stable RMSD and RMSF plot.
Covid-19 Vaccine Hesitancy among Urban Healthcare Workers And Non-Healthcare Workers in Benue State, North-Central Nigeria
Authors: Itodo Samuel Olusegun , Aremu Stephen Olaide , Oloche Jeremiah John , Agada Samuel Ali , Alonyenu Edwin Inalegwu , Itodo Miracle Chekwube 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 and is believed to be transmitted through respiratory droplets and contacts. Currently, there is no approved COVID-19 treatment but vaccines have developed against the disease. Vaccine hesitancy, however, can limit the success of vaccination.
Objective
The study investigated the knowledge of COVID-19 and apathetic behavior (hesitancy) towards vaccination among the mixed professional population of sub-urban dwellers in three senatorial districts of Benue State.
Methods
The research was a cross-sectional study involving self-administered questionnaire. The data generated was subjected to descriptive statistics and Chi-square. Statistical significance was placed at p < 0.05.
Result
A total of 500 questionnaires were administered; however 336 respondents representing 67.2% returned questionnaires. There was no statistical difference (p < 0.05) between health workers (55.4%) and non-health workers (44.6%). There exists an association between study sites, profession, and educational qualification, with knowledge of COVID-19 and accent to vaccination. A significant (p < 0.05) 76.2% of acknowledge the existence and infectivity of COVID-19. Interestingly, 39.6% and 47.3% of the study population sanctioned social distancing and hand hygiene as COVID-19 preventive measures. Although 73.0% show knowledge of various COVID-19 vaccines and profess vaccination as a protective measure, however, 65.7% were unsure whether vaccination protects against the disease. Side effects from previous immunization and perceived inadequate knowledge of managing vaccination adverse effects were among the reasons for vaccine hesitancy.
Conclusion
Vaccination and preventive measures are top priorities in diseases with no approved treatment. An urgent increase in the level of advocacy and awareness of the disease is needed because of high vaccine hesitancy among health workers that constitute a significant proportion of the study population.
The Role of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells in Knee Osteoarthritis Treatment: Insights from a Triple-Blind Clinical Study
Authors: Sajadi Simin , Khadembashiri Mohammad Amin , Raissi Gholamreza , khadembashiri Mohamad Mehdi , Mansouri Korosh , Hadizadeh-Kharazi Homayoun , Joghataei Mohammad Taghi , Madani Seyed Pezhman , Forogh Bijan , Parsipour Sina 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease that primarily affects older adults, characterized by cartilage degradation, synovitis, and osteophyte formation. Despite its prevalence, no medical treatment can reverse the joint cartilage degradation, leading many patients to undergo invasive procedures such as arthroplasty. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), particularly those derived from adipose tissue, have emerged as a promising therapeutic approach due to their ability to differentiate into chondrocytes and potentially regenerate cartilage. While MSCs from bone marrow and umbilical cord have shown efficacy in treating OA, adipose-derived MSCs are more accessible and cost-effective. This study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of allogeneic adipose-derived MSCs in treating knee OA.
Methods: This triple-blind, interventional clinical trial included 20 patients with idiopathic knee OA, meeting the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria. Patients were randomly assigned to receive an intra-articular injection of either 8.5×10^6 allogeneic adipose-derived MSCs or saline (control group). Participants were evaluated for clinical signs of inflammation at baseline, and then at 2 weeks, 2 months, and 6 months post-injection using clinical assessments, the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), range of motion (ROM), and Magnetic Resonance Arthrography (MRA).
Results: The MSC group exhibited significant improvement in pain reduction as measured by VAS scores compared to the control group (P < 0.05). However, no significant differences were observed between the groups in ROM, quality of life, or daily activities as assessed by KOOS. Radiological outcomes showed a significant increase in cartilage thickness at specific locations (e.g., MLP, TCL) in the MSC group after 6 months, demonstrating the regenerative potential of MSCs in certain MRA sites.
Conclusion: Allogeneic adipose-derived MSCs are safe and effective in reducing pain and increasing cartilage thickness in knee OA patients. However, they do not significantly enhance quality of life or daily activity compared to placebo. Further research with larger sample sizes and longer follow-up periods is needed to confirm these findings and determine optimal dosing strategies.
Trial registration: Trial Registry Code: IRCT2016021123298N3, 20 February 2016.
https://irct.behdasht.gov.ir/trial/19909
Investigation of Process Parameters for Quality Deposition of AL5356 using Cold Metal Transfer Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (CMT-WAAM)
Authors: Kumar Sachin , Singh Gurraj , Sharma Vishal S , Sekar Shiva 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

In this study, an investigation of mechanical characteristics, microstructure, and the optimal parameters for wall deposition using response surface methodology is done. Testing for microhardness in the deposition directions, Charpy impact, and tensile testing at room temperature were used to evaluate the printed structures. The tensile test results showed that the center layers exhibit a maximum yield strength of 191 MPa, ultimate tensile strength of 321 MPa, and elongation of 16.03%. The toughness measurement by Charpy testing shows the maximum value of 23.57 J in the core layer. The top layer has a hardness of 65.73Hv, higher than the rest of the sample. The impact of SOD, TS, and WFR on BW, BH, and AR were determined after optimizing the parameters. The responses find that the optimal parameters for single-layer deposition are a wire feed rate (WFR) of 7 mm/min, a standoff distance (SOD) of 20mm, and a travel speed (TS) of 20 cm/min. Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) parameters were investigated using additional statistical methods, including Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and the desirability function.