bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors predicting persistence of AV nodal block in post‐TAVR patients following permanent pacemaker implantation
Authors: Lader Joshua M. , Barbhaiya Chirag R. , Subnani Kishore , Park David , Aizer Anthony , Holmes Douglas , Staniloae Cezar , Williams Mathew R. , Chinitz Larry A. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIntroductionA common complication of transcatheter aortic valve repair (TAVR) is development of conduction defects requiring pacemaker (PPM) implantation. These defects are not universally permanent.ObjectiveTo determine the incidence and predictors of persistent device dependency in patients with PPM implantation following TAVR with a self‐expanding prosthesis.MethodsRecords of patients who underwent post‐TAVR PPM implantation were reviewed. Patients with persistent complete AV block (AVBIII) one month post‐TAVR were compared to those regaining conduction.ResultsBetween September 2014 and March 2017, 485 patients underwent TAVR with a self‐expanding prosthesis; 77 (15.9%) underwent PPM implantation for AVBIII. Device interrogation at one month was available for 61 patients (79%): 22 (36.1%) had resolution of AVBIII while 39 (63.9%) remained pacemaker‐dependent. Pre‐TAVR right bundle branch block was more frequent in device‐dependent patients (19 of 38, 50% vs 4 of 22, 18%; RR 2.75; P = .01). Device‐dependence was associated with AVBIII as the first postprocedural rhythm (37 of 39, 95% vs 12 of 22, 55%; RR 1.74; P < .0001), earlier implantation (median 1d, IQR: 0‐1.5d vs 2d, IQR: 1.0‐4.0d, P = .0004), and a shorter duration of hospitalization (median 3d, IQR: 2‐3.5d vs 4d, IQR: 2‐5.75d, P = .03). Pacemaker dependence was also associated with a higher prosthesis‐to left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) diameter (1.45 ± 0.11 vs 1.39 ± 0.07; P = .02) and the lack of prior aortic valvuloplasty (5 of 39, 13% vs 8 of 22, 36%; RR 0.35; P = .03).ConclusionsIn patients receiving a PPM following self‐expanding TAVR, a long‐term pacing requirement can be predicted from the timing of AV block, existing conduction‐system disease, larger prosthesis‐to‐LVOT diameter, and the lack of aortic valvuloplasty.
Effects of climate‐induced water temperature changes on the life history of brachyuran crabs
Authors: Azra Mohamad N. , Aaqillah‐Amr Mohd Amran , Ikhwanuddin Mhd , Ma Hongyu , Waiho Khor , Ostrensky Antonio , Tavares Camila Prestes dos Santos , Abol‐Munafi Ambok Bolong 
Published: August 2019

AbstractWater temperature is among the most important factors affecting reproduction and development of brachyuran crabs. The increase in mean global temperature resulting from climate change and atmospheric warming subjects all organisms to potential thermal stress. This paper reviews the effects of climate‐induce water temperature change on the thermal tolerance, thermal polygon and as expressed by changes in growth, development, thermal resistance, maturation, spawning and embryonic development throughout the brachyuran crab's lifespan. Survival and growth of brachyuran crabs, particularly during moulting, is temperature dependent. Thermal tolerance as depicted in thermal polygons varies among individuals depending on their acclimatization temperature and life stage, size and physiological condition. The mechanism of thermal tolerance and exact parameters of the thermal polygons of brachyuran crabs remain to be elucidated. Cooler water retards growth and delays maturity, causing crabs to begin maturation when they are at larger sizes. Crabs possess a set of behavioural, biochemical and physiological responses that enable them to compensate for temperature fluctuations, but these biological tools have limits.
Subversive Nationalism through Memes: A Dota 2 Case Study
Authors: Ismangil Milan 
Published: August 2019

AbstractChina is home to the world's largest audience for e‐sports, or competitive videogames. While competitive videogames have become popular within a borderless, digital environment, the e‐sports fan base has a decidedly nationalist element to it. This article argues that new forms of digital nationalism are part and parcel of normal discourse within the Chinese competitive videogames environment. Through a case study of one specific competitive videogame, this article shows how nationalist narratives are enacted by the community itself at the grass roots, creating bottom‐up forms of nationalism. Combining digital fieldwork with offline interviews and observations, the study sheds light on new forms of nationalist expression appearing online in China. It focuses in particular on memes and how these serve as micro expressions of nationalism, maintaining and reinforcing nationalist narratives originating within state discourses.
How (Not) to Foster Innovations in Public Infrastructure Projects*
Authors: Hoppe Eva I. , Schmitz Patrick W. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe government wants an infrastructure‐based public service to be provided. First, the infrastructure has to be built; subsequently, it has to be operated. Should the government bundle the building and operating tasks in a public–private partnership? Or should it choose traditional procurement (i.e., delegate the tasks to different firms)? Each task entails unobservable investments to come up with innovations. It turns out that, depending on the nature of the innovations, bundling can either stimulate or discourage investments. Moreover, we find that if renegotiation cannot be prevented, public–private partnerships might lead the government to deliberately opt for technologically inferior projects.
A novel silentRHCEallele in Chinese population
Authors: Zhao F. Y. , Li Q. , Zhang D. M. , Guo Z. H. , Wu Y. X. , Wang F. , Zhang J. M. , Qian M. , Zhu Z. Y. 
Published: August 2019

SUMMARYObjectivesWe aimed to analyse the molecular backgrounds of the family in which an eight‐day‐old baby was confirmed to have hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN) and phenotype observed for the baby did not conform to the expected phenotype.BackgroundThe silentRHCEallele is rare in the Rh system.MethodsTo determine the antibody specificity, her family members' blood samples were collected and tested using routine serological methods. The Rh C + c‐e + E‐ phenotype observed for the baby did not conform to the expected phenotype based on the maternal RhC‐c + E + e‐ phenotype. TheRHgenes of the family members were further analysed by sequencing.ResultsThe Rh phenotypes of the baby, her brother, her mother and father were CCDee, CcDEe, ccDEE and CCDee, respectively. IgG anti‐e was confirmed to cause the HDN in the case. A heterozygous silentRHCE * 03(c.1059G > A) mutation in exon 7 was found in the baby and her mother, which is a novel nonsense allele caused by a premature termination codon (Trp353stop).ConclusionThe silentRHCE * 03(c.1059G > A) variant was observed in a heterozygous state in mother and baby. We predict that, had this occurred in the homozygous state, it would give rise to the rare D‐‐ phenotype. To enhance the safety of transfusion, considerable attention should be paid to theRHCEgene in the Chinese population.
SCIENCE, RELIGION, AND ETHICS: A RESPONSE TO MICHAEL J. REISS
Authors: Soskice Janet Martin 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe respondent agrees with Michael Reiss's general diagnosis of the rudderless state of ethics in our modern society, but not with all of his account of its causes or possible solutions. Scripture has always been limited in terms of direct moral commands, and secular ethics has, since Aristotle at least, been influential in directing Christian understanding of the “good life.” Ethics must be based in biology, but evolutionary biology can tell us more readily what is, than guide us into “what ought” to be. Christian teaching classically emphasized moral formation, grounded in the understanding that we are creatures of a good Creator. We have our being as gift, and human life flourishes when oriented to the Good.
Chemical composition in sugarcane bagasse: Delignification with sodium hydroxide
Authors: Ameram Nadiah , Muhammad Shariman , Nik Yusof Nik Ainur Auli , Ishak Syarmila , Ali Arlina , Shoparwe Noor Fazliani , Ter Teo Pao 
Published: August 2019

Sugarcane Bagasse is a cheap agro-based waste material. These biomass materials have a lot of potential to be converted into useful products such as carbon. Sugarcane Bagasse was extracted by Sodium Hydroxide. Several characterizations has been done to analyse the chemical properties of Sugarcane Bagasse after extraction by Sodium Hydroxide including FTIR, XRF, HPLC and SEM-EDS. SEM shows an increases in internal surface area of the lignocellulose particles, as well as weakening the structural while EDS shows 60.59 % content of carbon. HPLC results show some peak at different retention time. The organic compound can be observed by at retention time 9.611 minute with 66.428 % height and it was identified as schaftoside. FTIR shows that when peak at 1096 cm-1 to 1638 cm-1 there was presence of H-O-H (water adsorption). The element with the highest concentration that are found by using XRF in untreated sugarcane bagasse is water, H2O (98.5 %), followed by Sodium, Na (0.669 %), and Sulfur, S (0.638 %). The concentration of each element were decreasing (except H2O) after being treated with NaOH. Sugarcane bagasse which is treated with alkaline solution is more suitable to be applied in the industry compared to acidic solution. This is due to the high reactivity of acidic solution that may damage the entire structural compounds of sugarcane bagasse
Izanagi-Pacific ridge subduction revealed by a 56 to 46 Ma magmatic gap along the northeast Asian margin
Authors: Wu Jeremy Tsung-Jui , Wu Jonny 
Published: August 2019

AbstractRecent studies have debated the timing and spatial configuration of a possible intersection between the Pacific-Izanagi spreading ridge and the northeast Asian continental margin during Cretaceous or early Cenozoic times. Here we examine a newly compiled magmatic catalog of ∼900 published Cretaceous to Miocene igneous rock radioisotopic values and ages from the northeast Asian margin for ridge subduction evidence. Our synthesis reveals that a near-synchronous 56–46 Ma magmatic gap occurred across ∼1500 km of the Eurasian continental margin between Japan and Sikhote-Alin, Russian Far East. The magmatic gap separated two distinct phases of igneous activity: (1) an older, Cretaceous to Paleocene pre–56 Ma episode that had relatively lower εNd(t) (−15 to + 2), elevated (87Sr/86Sr)0 (initial ratio, 0.704–0.714), and relatively higher magmatic fluxes (∼1090 km2/m.y.); and (2) a younger, late Eocene to Miocene post–46 Ma phase that had relatively elevated εNd(t) (−2 to + 10), lower (87Sr/86Sr)0 (0.702–0.707), and a lower 390 km2/m.y. magmatic flux. The 56–46 Ma magmatic gap links other geological evidence across northeast Asia to constrain an early Cenozoic, low-angle ridge-trench intersection that had profound consequences for the Eurasian continental margin, and possibly led to the ca. 53–47 Ma Pacific plate reorganization.
Characterising the gut microbiome in veterans with Gulf War Illness: a protocol for a longitudinal, prospective cohort study
Authors: Keating Julie A , Shaughnessy Catherine , Baubie Kelsey , Kates Ashley E , Putman-Buehler Nathan , Watson Lauren , Dominguez Nadia , Watson Kal , Cook Dane B , Rabago David , Suen Garret , Gangnon Ronald , Safdar Nasia 
Published: August 2019

IntroductionApproximately 25%–35% of the 1991 Gulf War Veteran population report symptoms consistent with Gulf War Illness (GWI), a chronic, multi-symptom illness characterised by fatigue, pain, irritable bowel syndrome and problems with cognitive function. GWI is a disabling problem for Gulf War Veterans, and there remains a critical need to identify innovative, novel therapies.Gut microbiota perturbation plays a key role in the symptomatology of other chronic multi-symptom illnesses, including myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS). Given similarities between ME/CFS and GWI and the presence of gastrointestinal disorders in GWI patients, Veterans with GWI may also have gut abnormalities like those seen with ME/CFS. In this longitudinal cohort study, we are comparing the diversity (structure) and the metagenomes (function) of the gut microbiome between Gulf War Veterans with and without GWI. If we find differences in Veterans with GWI, the microbiome could be a target for therapeutic intervention to alleviate GWI symptoms.Methods and analysisParticipants answer questions about diet, exercise and lifestyle factors. Participants also complete a questionnaire (based on the Kansas case definition of GWI) regarding their medical history and symptoms; we use this questionnaire to group participants into GWI versus healthy control cohorts. We plan to enrol 52 deployed Gulf War Veterans: 26 with GWI and 26 healthy controls. Participants provide stool and saliva samples weekly for an 8-week period for microbiome analyses. Participants also provide blood samples at the beginning and end of this period, which we will use to compare measures of inflammation markers between the groups.Ethics and disseminationThe protocol was approved by the University of Wisconsin-Madison Health Sciences Institutional Review Board and the William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital Research and Development Committee. Results of this study will be submitted for publication in a peer-reviewed journal.
Forecasting annual incidence and mortality rate for prostate cancer in Australia until 2022 using autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models
Authors: Earnest Arul , Evans Sue M , Sampurno Fanny , Millar Jeremy 
Published: August 2019

ObjectivesProstate cancer is the second most common cause of cancer-related death in males after lung cancer, imposing a significant burden on the healthcare system in Australia. We propose the use of autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models in conjunction with population forecasts to provide for robust annual projections of prostate cancer.DesignData on the incidence and mortality from prostate cancer was obtained from the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. We formulated several ARIMA models with different autocorrelation terms and chose one which provided for an accurate fit of the data based on the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE). We also assessed the model for external validity. A similar process was used to model age-standardised incidence and mortality rate for prostate cancer in Australia during the same time period.ResultsThe annual number of prostate cancer cases diagnosed in Australia increased from 3606 in 1982 to 20 065 in 2012. There were two peaks observed around 1994 and 2009. Among the various models evaluated, we found that the model with an autoregressive term of 1 (coefficient=0.45, p=0.028) as well as differencing the series provided the best fit, with a MAPE of 5.2%. External validation showed a good MAPE of 5.8% as well. We project prostate cancer incident cases in 2022 to rise to 25 283 cases (95% CI: 23 233 to 27 333).ConclusionOur study has accurately characterised the trend of prostate cancer incidence and mortality in Australia, and this information will prove useful for resource planning and manpower allocation.
A blood metabolomics study of metabolic variations in Inner Mongolia white cashmere goats under shortened and natural photoperiod conditions
Authors: Zhang C.Z. , Sun H.Z. , Sang D. , Li S.L. , Zhang C.H. , Jin L. 
Published: August 2019

This study investigated metabolic variations by using gas chromatography – mass spectrometry (GC–MS)-based metabolomics in the blood of Inner Mongolia white cashmere goats under shortened and natural photoperiod conditions. Twenty-four female (non-pregnant) Inner Mongolia white cashmere goats aged 1–1.5 yr with similar live weights (mean, 20.36 ± 2.63 kg) were randomly allocated into two groups: a natural daily photoperiod group (NDPP group: 10–16 h light, n = 12) and a short daily photoperiod group (SDPP group: 7 h light:17 h dark, n = 12). In this study, we found that a SDPP promoted the blood metabolic perturbations based on the GC–MS-based metabolomics investigation, and nine metabolites were related to a SDPP. Compared with the NDPP group, the contents of serine, oxaloacetic acid, xylose, l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine, and xanthosine significantly were up-regulated, whereas the contents of carnitine, 1,3-diaminopropane, indole-3-acetic acid, and l-kynurenine were significantly down-regulated in the SDPP group. The different metabolites could contribute to the regulation mechanisms of promoting cashmere growth of goats in the SDPP group.
Fully-Dynamic and Kinetic Conflict-Free Coloring of Intervals with Respect to Points
Authors: de Berg Mark , Leijsen Tim , Markovic Aleksandar , van Renssen André , Roeloffzen Marcel , Woeginger Gerhard 
Published: August 2019

We introduce the fully-dynamic conflict-free coloring problem for a set [Formula: see text] of intervals in [Formula: see text] with respect to points, where the goal is to maintain a conflict-free coloring for [Formula: see text] under insertions and deletions. A coloring is conflict-free if for each point [Formula: see text] contained in some interval, [Formula: see text] is contained in an interval whose color is not shared with any other interval containing [Formula: see text]. We investigate trade-offs between the number of colors used and the number of intervals that are recolored upon insertion or deletion of an interval. Our results include: a lower bound on the number of recolorings as a function of the number of colors, which implies that with [Formula: see text] recolorings per update the worst-case number of colors is [Formula: see text], and that any strategy using [Formula: see text] colors needs [Formula: see text] recolorings; a coloring strategy that uses [Formula: see text] colors at the cost of [Formula: see text] recolorings, and another strategy that uses [Formula: see text] colors at the cost of [Formula: see text] recolorings; stronger upper and lower bounds for special cases. We also consider the kinetic setting where the intervals move continuously (but there are no insertions or deletions); here we show how to maintain a coloring with only four colors at the cost of three recolorings per event and show this is tight.
Pathogenic Epigenetic Consequences of Genetic Alterations in IDH-Wild-Type Diffuse Astrocytic Gliomas
Authors: Ohka Fumiharu , Shinjo Keiko , Deguchi Shoichi , Matsui Yusuke , Okuno Yusuke , Katsushima Keisuke , Suzuki Miho , Kato Akira , Ogiso Noboru , Yamamichi Akane , Aoki Kosuke , Suzuki Hiromichi , Sato Shinya , Arul Rayan Nirmala , Prabhakar Shyam , Göke Jonathan , Shimamura Teppei , Maruyama Reo , Takahashi Satoru , Suzumura Akio , Kimura Hiroshi , Wakabayashi Toshihiko , Zong Hui , Natsume Atsushi , Kondo Yutaka 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Gliomas are classified by combining histopathologic and molecular features, including isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) status. Although IDH-wild-type diffuse astrocytic glioma (DAG) shows a more aggressive phenotype than IDH-mutant type, lack of knowledge regarding relevant molecular drivers for this type of tumor has hindered the development of therapeutic agents. Here, we examined human IDH-wild-type DAGs and a glioma mouse model with a mosaic analysis with double markers (MADM) system, which concurrently lacks p53 and NF1 and spontaneously develops tumors highly comparable with human IDH-wild-type DAG without characteristic molecular features of glioblastoma (DAG-nonMF). During tumor formation, enhancer of zeste homolog (EZH2) and the other polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) components were upregulated even at an early stage of tumorigenesis, together with an increased number of genes with H3K27me3 or H3K27me3 and H3K4me3 bivalent modifications. Among the epigenetically dysregulated genes, frizzled-8 (Fzd8), which is known to be a cancer- and stem cell reprogramming–related gene, was gradually silenced during tumorigenesis. Genetic and pharmacologic inhibition of EZH2 in MADM mice showed reactivation of aberrant H3K27me3 target genes, including Fzd8, together with significant reduction of tumor size. Our study clarifies a pathogenic molecular pathway of IDH-wild-type DAG-nonMF that depends on EZH2 activity and provides a strong rationale for targeting EZH2 as a promising therapeutic approach for this type of glioma.

Significance:
EZH2 is involved in the generation of IDH-wild-type diffuse astrocytic gliomas and is a potential therapeutic target for this type of glioma.
Professional identity and emerging occupational therapy practice: An autoethnography
Authors: Zubriski S. , Norman M. , Shimmell L. , Gewurtz R. , Letts L. 
Published: August 2019

Background. Research about occupational therapy practice in the community with people who have been imprisoned remains limited and may be considered an emerging area of practice. Purpose. This paper provides a critical, first-person account about emerging occupational therapy practice with men transitioning to the community post-imprisonment. The practice context is described and reflected on from the lens of a new graduate. Methods. Autoethnography draws meaning from reciprocal interactions between an individual and a culture. Data was collected by the primary author through reflective journal entries and process notes pertaining to a Photovoice project. Iterative application of established evaluative criteria served as a framework in an analytical writing process. Findings. Autethnography promoted self-reflection and professional development while Photovoice provided an evidence-based framework in an emerging setting. Implications. Current occupational therapy theories and models have limited applicability to inform practice with marginalized populations potentially benefitting from participatory research (e.g., Photovoice) and autoethnography.