bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhanced surface-groundwater interaction modeling in the middle and lower reaches of the Songhua River Basin using a coupled SWAT-MODFLOW model
Authors: Yang xiao , Dai Chang-Lei , Jing Jian-yu , Liu Geng-wei , Ru Qing , Li Jia-jun , Liu Peixian 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The management of groundwater resources and the rehabilitation of groundwater levels in the middle and lower portions of the Songhua River basin have consistently garnered significant attention in our country. The SWAT-MODLFOW model, developed on the QSWATMOD2 platform, was calibrated and validated utilizing river runoff and groundwater observation data to precisely illustrate the transformation relationship across various spatial and temporal scales in the middle and lower reaches of the Songhua River basin, characterized by numerous agricultural and irrigation zones with frequent surface water conversion. The water cycle process in the middle and lower sections of the Songhua River basin is simulated and studied based on this foundation.The results show: (1) The SWAT-MODLFOW coupling model has a good simulation effect, and the simulation effect of menstrual flow in the periodic and verification periods is R2≥0.86, NSE≥0.87, R2≥0.76, NSE≥0.77, respectively. The simulated groundwater level and the actual error value are within 0.6m, and the R2 in the periodic and verification periods are 0.97 and 0.98, respectively. The simulation results of the model are satisfactory and meet the requirements of scientific research. (2) The groundwater in the study area generally decreases in the direction of west-north to northeast, and in the direction of east-south to north, and the groundwater level is affected by precipitation. Jiamusi, Fujin and Tongjiang, three major cities in the study area, are selected for characteristic study, and the lag time of their groundwater level to precipitation is about 10.56d, 10.58d and 3.15d. (3) The river channels of surface water recharge groundwater occupy 41.75% of the total length of Jiamusi - Tongjiang section of Songhua River, and the annual average recharge accounts for 50.84% of the total exchange water; On the seasonal scale, the maximum recharge value of each river section appeared in August, and the minimum recharge value appeared in April. On an annual scale, the maximum recharge occurred in 2009 and the minimum in 2014. The supply of groundwater to surface water fluctuates obviously, with seasonal variation ranging from -52% to 55% and inter-annual variation ranging from -35% to 52%.
Research on Planning and Construction Strategies for Flood Control Projects: A Case Study of the Erlongtao River Section of the Heilongjiang River
Authors: chen yuxiu , Zhang Liyin , Zhang Ge , Sang Zijie 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Due to the combined effects of many factors, flood disasters are becoming increasingly serious worldwide, resulting in increasingly frequent river floods. This situation has severely disrupted the ecological balance near riverbanks and has had a great negative impact on the normal production and life of residents. Therefore, certain solutions must be adopted to solve the problem of river floods. This study takes the section of the Erlongtao River in Heilongjiang Province, China, as the research object, presents detailed statistics on the occurrence of floods in this section in recent years, and conducts an in-depth investigation and research on the current status of various flood control projects. In view of the existing problems of the project and the root causes of floods, a comprehensive analysis of the necessity of governance is carried out, and corresponding governance countermeasures and scientific and reasonable design schemes are proposed to improve basic flood control construction and provide a reference case for flood control governance of rivers with the same type of flood control problems in the future.
Experimental study on the influencing factors and pore production law of CO2 huff and puff in tight sandstone reservoirs
Authors: Zhang Rongjun , Zhang Zhe , Sun Jian , Niu Zhihao , Tuo Zhilin , Zhong Xinyu , Zheng Xiaolei 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

In order to determine the influence of different factors on the CO2 huff and puff displacement effect, a CO2 huff and puff experiment was carried out with Chang 6 tight sandstone samples in Ordos Basin as the research object. Combined with nuclear magnetic resonance technology, the influences of injection pressure, cycle numbers and soaking time on the CO2 huff and puff effect were evaluated, and the optimal CO2 huff and puff parameters were optimized. The microscopic degree of crude oil production in different scale pores was quantitatively characterized. The results show that the injection pressure and the cycle numbers have a significant influence on the effect of CO2 huff and puff. With the increase of injection pressure, huff and puff cycle numbers and soaking time, the recovery efficiency increases, but the growth range decreases. When the injection pressure is increased from 6MPa to 12MPa, the degree of pore mobilization in the oil in macro and medium pores (≥ 10ms) increases by 13.0%-22.63%. The recovery efficiency of a single round gradually decreased with the increase of huff and puff rounds. The first cycle of CO2 huff and puff was the main contribution of crude oil recovery. However, the production effect of micro and small pores (< 10ms) was significantly improved after multiple cycle numbers of CO2 huff and puff. When the soaking time increases from 6h to 24h, the recovery efficiency increases by 11.47%-14.93%. After that, the influence of prolonged soaking time on the porosity production degree of cores with different permeability decreases. It is found that medium pores and macro pores are the main contributors to pore mobilization during multiple cycles of CO2 huff and puff.
On Godunov-type finite volume methods for seismic wave propagation
Authors: Camargo Juan Camilo Barrios , Peixoto Pedro da Silva , Silva Felipe Augusto Guedes  da 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The computational complexity of simulating seismic waves demands continual exploration of more efficient numerical methods. While Finite Volume methods are widely acclaimed for tackling general nonlinear hyperbolic (wave) problems, their application in realistic seismic wave simulation remains uncommon, with rare investigations in the literature. Furthermore, seismic wavefields are influenced by sharp subsurface interfaces frequently encountered in realistic models, which could, in principle, be adequately solved with Finite Volume methods. In this study, we delved into two Finite Volume (FV) methods to assess their efficacy and competitiveness in seismic wave simulations, compared to traditional Finite Difference schemes. We investigated Gudunov-type FV methods: an upwind method called wave propagation algorithm (WPA), and a Central-Upwind type method (CUp).
Our numerical analysis uncovered that these finite volume methods could provide less dispersion (albeit increased dissipation) compared to finite differences for seismic problems characterized by velocity profiles with abrupt transitions in the velocity. However, when applied to more realistic seismic models, finite volume methods yielded unfavorable outcomes compared to finite difference methods, the latter offering lower computational costs and higher accuracy. This highlights that despite the potential advantages of finite volume methods, such as their conservative nature and aptitude for accurately capturing shock waves in specific contexts, our results indicate that they are only advantageous for seismic simulations when unrealistic abrupt transitions are present in the velocity models.
Serum-equivalency Comparison, Detection, and Quantification of Group B Streptococcus Anti-capsular Polysaccharide Antibodies from Dried Blood Spots
Authors: Bolcen Shanna , Patel Palak Y. , Alston Bailey , Li Yikun , Maniatis Panagiotis , Schmidt Donna Giordano , Pavliakova Danka , Southwell Jessica E. , Jia Lily Tao , Gaylord Michelle , Simon Raphael , Monerri Natalie Clare Silmon , Rhodes Julia , Schrag Stephanie , Vishwanathan Sundaram Ajay 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

A standardized multiplex immunoassay (MIA) to quantify group B Streptococcus (GBS) anti-capsular polysaccharide (CPS) IgG serum concentrations was adopted by the Group B streptococcal Assay Standardization (GASTON) consortium as a standardized assay with the most immediate applications for facilitating the licensure of GBS vaccines. However, dried blood spot (DBS) samples offer advantages for immunological studies, including cost-effectiveness, ease of transport, and storage. To determine suitability of DBS as an alternative sample matrix to serum in multiplex immunoassays, a contrived GBS seropositive panel, including matched DBS and serum samples, was prepared using established methods. The calculated geometric mean titers of GBS anti-CPS IgG values by individual serotype were compared using a paired t-test to establish serum equivalency. Geometric mean values for the matched panel were assessed via Deming regression for precision, accuracy, and concordance correlation coefficient (CCC). The initial acceptance criterion was set at 0.95 for CCC. Two additional criteria based on confidence intervals of CCC, slope, and intercept were used to determine the necessity of a serotype-specific conversion factor. The paired t-test p-values were > 0.05 for serum equivalency. For sample matrix concordance, CCC values were > 0.95 and met correlation criteria for all serotypes. Conversion factors were applied to four serotypes (II, III, IV, and V) that did not meet the criteria for slope, intercept, or both. This demonstration of equivalency between DBS and serum supports the hypothesis that DBS is a suitable testing matrix from which to elucidate anti-CPS IgG concentrations in seroepidemiological and vaccine evaluation studies.
Environmentally Friendly Gel Tape Casting of Silicon Nitride Ceramic Substrates with Enhanced Thermal Conductivity
Authors: Liu Yuanfei , Fu Jie , Liu Yuan , Gao Zhengxia , Ma Chengliang 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

With the development of third-generation semiconductors, the heat dissipation problems of electronic packaging systems and the harsh usage environment of high-power devices have put forward higher requirements on the thermal conductivity and mechanical properties of silicon nitride ceramic substrates. As an almost defect-free ceramic forming technology, aqueous gel tape casting technology is very suitable for the forming of ceramic substrate materials because of the high density, low porosity and large forming size of the ceramic flakes produced. However, the existing acrylamide-methylene bisacrylamide (AM-MBAM) gel system has a complicated process, is subject to oxygen depolymerisation and has problems such as neurotoxicity. For this reason, in this study, a non-toxic and environmentally friendly isobutylene-maleic anhydride copolymer (Isobam) gel system was used to prepare silicon nitride ceramic substrates in-situ by combining the methods of gel tape casting and reaction sintering. The amount of additives was adjusted to optimise the rheological properties of the pastes, and the effects of the Si powder nitridation reaction process and different sintering aids on the properties of Si3N4 ceramic substrates were investigated in detail. The results show that the slurries with different additive contents show shear-thinning behaviour and relatively high solid content. Under 0.1 MPa nitrogen atmosphere, Si3N4 has been basically completely generated at 1400°C, and the comprehensive performance of Si3N4 ceramics is optimal with the addition of Y2O3-MgO-ZrO2 sintering additives. The relative density and thermal conductivity were 98.4% and 61.5 W·m− 1·K− 1, respectively, and Si3N4 showed columnar morphology, which effectively improved the hardness, fracture toughness and flexural strength of Si3N4 ceramics, up to 13.39 GPa, 6.9 MPa·m1/2 and 684.5 MPa, respectively.
Microfluidic Passive Valve Regulator for Controlling Flow Rates
Authors: Thabet Hitham 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

In microfluidic applications where cost effectiveness and miniaturization are key, the use of passive microvalve offers significant benefits. This study introduces an innovative passive microfluidic valve design comprising a fluid chamber, a flexible membrane, and a rectangular control chamber, enabling effective flow rate management at exceptionally pressures. The model was created using the 3D photolithography method, and the passive microvalve was evaluated under pressure circumstances that are both constant and time-dependent. In the experiment, the microfluidic passive valve demonstrated a constant flow rate when the pressure ranged from 40 kPa to 70 kPa. This regulator can achieve a consistent delivery flow rate of up to 53 ± 2.5µL/min with deviations under 4.5%, as demonstrated by the testing outcomes. Furthermore, the microfluidic passive valve has demonstrated the capability to maintain a stable liquid flow rate under fluctuating conditions, specifically under square wave pressure variations over time. The suggested microfluidic passive valve device may be used in portable, low-cost Lab-on-a-Chip (LoC) applications to precisely control flow. We anticipate this innovative passive microfluidic valve will work well for regulating fluid flow in systems with broader applications or portable microfluidic devices.
Integrated metabolomic and transcriptomic strategies to reveal adaptive mechanisms in barley plant during germination stage under waterlogging stress
Authors: luan haiye , gao jiajia , qu xin , Yang jnghan , qian xin , xu meng , sun miao , xiao xiao , shen huiquan , zhang yinghu , feng gongneng 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Waterlogging stress is one of prominent abiotic stresses that has a significant impact on the yield and quality of barley. Seed germination is crucial for seedling establishment and is highly sensitive to waterlogging stress. However, there is a limited understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of gene expression and metabolic processes in barley during the germination stage under waterlogging stress. This study aimed to investigate the metabolome and transcriptome responses in germinating barley seeds under waterlogging stress. The findings of the study revealed that waterlogging stress sharply decreased seedling growth. The tolerant genotype (LLZDM) exhibited higher levels of antioxidase activities and lower malondialdehyde (MDA) content in comparison to the sensitive genotype (NN). In addition, waterlogging induced 86 and 85 differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) in LLZDM and NN, respectively. Concurrently, transcriptome analysis identified 1776 and 839 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in LLZDM and NN, respectively. Notably, the expression of genes associated with redox reactions, hormone regulation, and other biological processes were altered in response to waterlogging stress. Furthermore, the integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses revealed that the DEGs and DEMs implicated in mitigating waterlogging stress primarily pertained to the regulation of pyruvate metabolism and flavonoid biosynthesis. Moreover, waterlogging might promote flavonoid biosynthesis by regulating 15 flavonoid-related genes and 10 metabolites. The present research provides deeper insights into overall understanding waterlogging-tolerant mechanisms in barley during the germination process.
Gallium: Assessing the long term future extraction, supply, recycling and price of using WORLD7, in relation to future technology visions in the European Union
Authors: Sverdrup Harald Ulrik , Haraldsson Hördur Valdimar 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The gallium resources were assessed and used as input to long term simulations using the WORLD7 model. The content of gallium in different mother ores has been estimated to be about 14.7 million ton of gallium. Much of this is not accessible because of low extraction yields, about 610,000 ton gallium appear to be extractable (4%) with present practices. The gallium content in all source metal refining residuals is about 51,000 ton/yr, but only a production of 1,374 ton/yr appear as the maximum with present technology and conditions. The actual gallium production was about 450 ton/yr in 2023. The gallium price is very sensitive to increases in demand, and production is not very likely to be able to rapidly increase. The simulations show that soft gallium scarcity sets in after 2028 and physical scarcity will occur about 2060. Better gallium extraction and recycling yields may push the scarcity date forward to 2100. In the long term, only 60% of the gallium demand to photovoltaic technology can be satisfied. To really improve the situation and prevent scarcity, extractive access, gallium extraction yields and recycling yields must be significantly improved to better than 50%. At present the overall yields are 7-15%. Increasing both extraction yields and recycling yields can reduce the shortage. The long term sustainable extraction is under Business-as-Usual about 300 ton gallium per year, about 67% of the present production. Doubling present extraction and recycling yields may increase this to 460 ton per year. This poses a major challenge to future plans for an energy transition, where under Business-As-Usual (BAU), such a transition will remain a fair fantasy. The four EEA imaginaries, Ecotopia, The Great Decoupling, Unity in Adversity, and Technocracy for the Common Good, offer different policy pathways for managing future gallium scarcity through varying degrees of technological advancement, resource conservation, and avoidance strategy.
A comparative analysis between Piezoelectric and Photovoltaic systems for a better quality of Wireless charging system
Authors: Boukhchana Asma , Mohamed Naoui , Aymen Flah , Habib Kraiem , EL-bayeh Claude Ziad , Blazek Vojtech 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The number of electric vehicles on the road continues to rise, and finding practical solutions for the charging stage is essential, particularly when traveling long distances. To power the charging coils that enable the EV battery to be charged, we placed piezoelectric generators in this work to recover vibration energy from road disturbances. We also employed solar energy to enable the EV battery to be charged appropriately. Next, using Ansys, we built a 3D model of the transmitting and receiving coils and evaluated their efficiency. Finally, we utilized MATLAB Simulink to evaluate the efficiency of two different energy sources. The results let us compare the two energy sources and show that piezoelectric generators are not suitable for use as the primary energy source due to their poor performance.
Optimal Location and Sizing of Multiple WTs and PVs in Radial Configuration System Using Hybrid Technique
Authors: Samala Rajesh Kumar , Kotapuri Mercy Rosalina , Kothuri Rama Krishna 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Identification of better sites and capacity of Distributed Generations (DGs) is the greatest issue of power system utilities. In this research an improved idea is presented to solve the optimum power flow problems with uncertainties. This presented idea is the hybridization of Fuzzy with Cuttle Fish Optimization Algorithm (CFOA). The CFOA is roused by the color-altering behavior used by the cuttlefish. The Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) has been trained with training datasets and testing time. Firstly, defining and analyzing the multi objective functions like the deviation in voltage, reduction in loss of power and improvement of Voltage Stability Index (VSI). The multi-objectives like minimization of operating cost and reduction in cost factor index by considering voltage constraints. The proposed hybrid algorithm is evaluated on applying on standard IEEE-33 radial configuration test system. To investigate the best placement for multiple Wind Tubines (WTs) and Photo-Voltaic (PVs), four cases are considered. Validation of the proposed methodology is done by comparing it with conventional methods like Ant Lion Optimization (ALO) and Manta Ray Foraging Optimization (MRFO) algorithm. All these methods are executed on MATLAB platform and tested with the various cases.
Design of Unequal Wilkinson Power Divider using Multi-Section Coupled-line for Dual-Band Operation with High Bandwidth Performance
Authors: Sen Sarbani , Sharma Rajesh , Moyra Tamasi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

A new Wilkinson Power Divider microstrip structure along with design equations has been represented in this paper. The proposed structure replaces the section of a quarter wavelength impedance transformer of a conventional power divider by a multisection coupled line with considerable bandwidth improvement. The new structure is simulated and fabricated using derived design equations for arbitrary selected frequencies 1 GHz and 2.3 GHz with a frequency ratio of 2.3. A high power division ratio of 6.85 is selected based on the available RF resistor 150 Ω. Simulated and measured outputs are presented and a good bandwidth performance is achieved.
Topological Dirac-vortex modes in a three-dimensional photonic topological insulator
Authors: Gao Zhen , Yan Bei , Qi Yingfeng , Wang Ziyao , Meng Yan , Yang Linyun , Zhu Zhenxiao , Chen Jingming , Zhong Yuxin , Cheng Minqi , Xi Xiang 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Recently, topological Dirac-vortex modes in Kekulé-distorted photonic lattices have attracted broad interest and exhibited promising applications in robust photonic devices such as topological cavities, lasers, and fibers. However, due to the vectorial nature of electromagnetic waves that results in complicated band dispersions and fails the tight-binding model predictions, it is challenging to construct three-dimensional (3D) topological photonic structures with Kekulé distortion and the photonic topological Dirac-vortex modes have thus far been limited to two-dimensional (2D) systems. Here, by directly mapping a 3D Kekulé-distorted tight-binding model in a 3D tight-binding-like photonic crystal exhibiting scalar-wave-like band structures, we theoretically propose and experimentally demonstrate topological Dirac-vortex modes in a 3D photonic topological insulator for the first time. Using microwave near-field measurements, we directly observe robust photonic topological Dirac-vortex modes bound to and propagate along a one-dimensional (1D) Dirac-vortex line defect, matching well with the tight-binding and simulation results. Our work offers an ideal platform to map tight-binding models in 3D topological photonic crystals directly and opens a new avenue for exploiting topological lattice defects to manipulate light in 3D space.
Research on the Water Absorption Diffusion Model and Kinetics of Pretreated Straw
Authors: Song Lei , Li Yuanna , Lei Tingzhou , Yang Yantao , Shen Yilin , Yang Mei , Wang Yunbo , Zheng Hesheng 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

To study the water absorption characteristics of corn, rice, and wheat straw after low-temperature pretreatment (120 ~ 200°C). This work introduces an internal particle diffusion model for the moisture adsorption mechanism and measures the water contact angle to assess hydrophobicity, establishing a linear relationship between the water absorption kinetic parameters and temperature. The results show that when the temperature rises to 200°C, the hygroscopicity reduction extent of corn straw, rice straw and wheat straw are 58.45%, 28.32% and 12.12%, respectively, significant increase in hydrophobicity. The three-stage internal particle diffusion equation can effectively describe the adsorption process of straw to moisture. At 70% humidity, the diffusion rate constant decreased and the boundary layer thickness increased. The ASABE equation can accurately predict the moisture content of corn straw; the water absorption process of rice and wheat straw conforms to the Peleg equation, which is significant for the subsequent large-scale high-quality utilization of straw.