bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epidemiologic, prognostic, and treatment factors in sinonasal diffuse large B ‐cell lymphoma
Authors: Varelas Antonios N. , Eggerstedt Michael , Ganti Ashwin , Tajudeen Bobby A. 
Published: December 2018

ObjectivesTo further characterize the epidemiology, prognostic disease‐specific factors, and treatment outcomes—including newly available chemotherapy data—for patients with sinonasal diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL).MethodsThe Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registry was queried from 1973 to 2015 for patients with DLBCL of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Demographic and disease parameters were collected. Prognostic disease‐specific survival and overall survival factors were evaluated with univariate Kaplan‐Meier analysis. Significant variables were analyzed with multivariate Cox regression analysis.ResultsA total of 1,273 cases of DLBCL of the sinonasal tract were identified. Significant differences in age of diagnosis between men (65.3) and women (71.1) existed (P < .01). Most common primary sites of DLBCL were maxillary sinus (36.1%) and nasal cavity (34.5%), with nasal cavity more common among Asian/Pacific Islands (43.4%) and maxillary sinus more common for Caucasians (36.3%) and African Americans (42.1%). Overall survival was 70% at 2 years, 54% at 5 years, and 38% at 10 years. Disease‐specific survival was 81%, 73%, and 67%, respectively. Chemotherapy (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.551;P < .001) and radiation therapy (HR: 0.818;P = .012) were associated with improved prognosis, whereas higher Ann Arbor stage worsened prognosis (HR: 1.21;P < .001). Surgical intervention did not significantly impact survival.ConclusionThis is the first study to include chemoradiation therapy in population‐based analysis of sinonasal DLBCL. Chemotherapy and radiation therapy use significantly improve survival in these patients, whereas Ann Arbor staging is significantly associated with poorer outcomes. The mainstay of treatment for DLBCL should remain combination chemoradiation.Level of EvidenceNALaryngoscope, 129:1259–1264, 2019
A collection of barcoded natural isolates of Saccharomyces paradoxus to study microbial evolutionary ecology
Authors: Bleuven Clara , Dubé Alexandre K. , Nguyen Guillaume Q. , Gagnon‐Arsenault Isabelle , Martin Hélène , Landry Christian R. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractWhile the use of barcoded collections of laboratory microorganisms and the development of barcode‐based cell tracking are rapidly developing in genetics and genomics research, tools to track natural populations are still lacking. The yeast Saccharomyces paradoxus is an emergent microbial model in ecology and evolution. More than five allopatric and sympatric lineages have been identified and hundreds of strains have been isolated for this species, allowing to assess the impact of natural diversity on complex traits. We constructed a collection of 550 barcoded and traceable strains of S. paradoxus, including all three North American lineages SpB, SpC, and SpC*. These strains are diploid, many have their genome fully sequenced and are barcoded with a unique 20 bp sequence that allows their identification and quantification. This yeast collection is functional for competitive experiments in pools as the barcodes allow to measure each lineage's and individual strains’ fitness in common conditions. We used this tool to demonstrate that in the tested conditions, there are extensive genotype‐by‐environment interactions for fitness among S. paradoxus strains, which reveals complex evolutionary potential in variable environments. This barcoded collection provides a valuable resource for ecological genomics studies that will allow gaining a better understanding of S. paradoxus evolution and fitness‐related traits.
Endogenously Synthesized n‐3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Pregnant fat‐1 Mice Decreases Mammary Cancer Risk of Female Offspring by Regulating Expression of Long Noncoding RNAs
Authors: Li Jiaomei , Li Kelei , Gao Jinlong , Guo Xiaofei , Lu Mengqing , Li Zihao , Li Duo 
Published: December 2018

ScopeThe present study investigates the precise mechanism by which maternal n‐3 PUFAs decrease mammary cancer risk of offspring in terms of epigenetics.Methods and resultsTransgenic fat‐1 and wild‐type C57BL/6J littermates are fed an n‐6 PUFAs diet during pregnancy. Wild‐genotype offspring of fat‐1 mothers (fat‐1 group) are compared with wild‐genotype offspring of C57BL/6J mothers (control group) in breast cancer risk. Fat‐1 group shows a significantly lower tumor incidence and smaller tumor volume compared with control group. n‐3 PUFAs in fat‐1 mothers change the expression of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA, 53 upregulated and 45 downregulated) in mammary glands of offspring. The lncRNA changes are associated with the changes of mRNA in multiple oncogenic signaling pathways, especially NF‐κB, Jak‐STAT, and MAPK pathways. Expression of key protein in these pathways, namely p65, p60, STAT3, Jak1, and p38, are significantly inhibited in fat‐1 group. In line with these results, reduced proliferation and increased apoptosis are also observed in mammary epithelial of fat‐1 group than control group.ConclusionThe anticancer effect of maternal n‐3 PUFAs is related to the regulation of lncRNA expression, which can further regulate the susceptibility of offspring to breast cancer.
Examining Endocrine Disruptors Measured in Newborn Dried Blood Spots and Early Childhood Growth in a Prospective Cohort
Authors: Yeung Edwina H. , Bell Erin M. , Sundaram Rajeshwari , Ghassabian Akhgar , Ma Wanli , Kannan Kurunthachalam , Louis Germaine M. 
Published: December 2018

ObjectiveThe goal of this study was to determine whether newborn concentrations of perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), and bisphenol A (BPA) are associated with early childhood growth.MethodsA total of 1,954 singletons and 966 twins from the Upstate KIDS Study (born 2008‐2010) were included in this study. Newborn dried blood spot concentrations of PFOS, PFOA, and BPA were quantified by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Children’s weight and height were reported from birth through 3 years of age. Repeated measures were modeled using generalized linear mixed models.ResultsPFOS and PFOA were associated with lower BMI (−0.078 kg/m2 [−0.12 to −0.038] and −0.076 kg/m2 [−0.17 to −0.051] per 1 standard deviation increase in log PFOS and PFOA, respectively) and not with early obesity among singletons. Inconsistent associations were observed for twins. BPA levels were higher among neonates with a neonatal intensive care unit stay (P < 0.001), making associations difficult to interpret.ConclusionsPerfluorinated alkyl substances did not exhibit obesogenic associations with early measures of childhood growth. Blood‐based BPA measures are limited by the nonpersistent nature of the chemical, and unknown sources from hospital settings may present only transient exposures.
A New Glioblastoma Targeting Therapy Concept by Using Square Shaped Janus Drug Carrier Assisted with 3D Printed External Magnetic Wearables
Authors: Wei Chaochao , Liu Yu , Tian Xue , Li Ruolei , Tong Wanqing , Wang Shuhua , Xin Hongbo , Hu Ping , Wang Xiaolei 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAt present, the clinical treatment of malignant glioma is still unsatisfactory. The existence of the blood–brain barrier hinders most chemical and biological drugs to reach the brain tissue. In this study, a square‐shaped Janus drug carrying system, which incorporated with high infrared responsiveness, large drug loading capacity, and reliable magnetic targeting capabilities is synthesized. Combined with an external 3D printed magnetic wearable equipment, this carrying system can effectively penetrate the blood–brain barrier in both in vitro and in vivo tests, it is thus applied to two different targeting tumor therapies (including glioma). Animal experiments demonstrate the multiple therapeutic effects of the proposed system. The subsequent studies imply that the obtained carrier has no obvious toxic effects on the organs of animals. Different from the classical biochemical targeting method, this study uniquely combines the porous Janus nanocarrier with an external wearable magnetic guidance device (physical targeting), which is a promising target therapeutic concept with impressive flexibility and reliability.
Biodegradable Ultrasmall‐in‐Nano Gold Architectures: Mid‐Period In Vivo Distribution and Excretion Assessment
Authors: Cassano Domenico , Summa Maria , Pocoví‐Martínez Salvador , Mapanao Ana‐Katrina , Catelani Tiziano , Bertorelli Rosalia , Voliani Valerio 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe persistence of metals in the body after the designed theranostic action has hampered the clinical translation of noble metal nanoparticles (NPs) to clinics. Therefore, the appealing behaviors of NPs for healthcare applications are still on the bench‐side. Here, quantitative evaluation in healthy murine models show that gold comprised in passion fruit‐like nanoarchitectures (NAs) are excreted daily over a 10 d period by both renal and biliary pathways after biodegradation to the building blocks. Furthermore, histological analyses confirm the absence of nephrotoxicity and the remarkable biocompatibility of NAs up to the higher tested amount of 150 mg kg−1. These in vivo findings demonstrate that NAs are the first full‐inorganic disassembling nanoplatforms exhibiting a noticeable excretion rate from model organisms. Such results are a significant step in bringing noble metal nanotheranostics to the forefront of cancer treatments once again.
Numerical robustness of extended Kalman filtering based state estimation in ill‐conditioned continuous‐discrete nonlinear stochastic chemical systems
Authors: Kulikov G. Yu. , Kulikova M. V. 
Published: December 2018

SummaryThis paper presents a case study investigation of numerical robustness of extended Kalman filters used for estimation of stochastic chemical systems with ill‐conditioned measurements. Here, we consider both a batch reactor model and that of a continuously stirred tank reactor. Our purpose is to explore performance of extended Kalman filtering–based state estimators when the measurement model becomes increasingly ill conditioned. In this way, we determine numerically robust methods, which are suitable for accurate estimation of stochastic chemical systems in the presence of round‐off and other disturbances. We examine both conventional filters and their square‐root forms. All these algorithms are implemented by means of the conventional matrix inversion used in their measurement update steps and the Moore‐Penrose pseudoinversion as well. Furthermore, the square‐root filters under investigation are obtained in two ways, namely, by solving square‐root moment differential equations and by square rooting the filter itself. We show that only the square‐root filters grounded in the second approach (with use of stable orthogonal decompositions) are numerically robust and provide the excellent estimation accuracy within all our ill‐conditioned stochastic chemical system scenarios considered in this paper. In addition, the convectional filters and the square‐root variants based on solving moment equations are rather sensitive to round‐off and may be useful and accurate if the chemical system at hand is rather well conditioned.
Sliding mode control for N‐coupled reaction‐diffusion PDEs with boundary input disturbances
Authors: Gu Jian‐Jun , Wang Jun‐Min 
Published: December 2018

SummaryThis paper develops the sliding mode control (SMC) design for N‐coupled reaction‐diffusion parabolic PDEs with boundary input disturbances. In order to reject the disturbances, the backstepping‐based boundary SMC law is constructed to steer the system trajectory to a suitable sliding surface and then maintain sliding motion on the surface thereafter, resulting in the exponential convergence to the zero equilibrium state. The well‐posedness of the closed‐loop system is established based on a detailed spectral analysis and Riesz basis generation. Finally, a simulation example is provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the SMC design.
Fish community response to habitat variables in two restored side channels of the lower Platte River, Nebraska
Authors: Uerling Caleb C. , Hamel Martin J. , Pegg Mark A. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAnthropogenic alterations to large rivers ranging from impoundments to channelization and levees have caused many rivers to no longer access the floodplain in a meaningful capacity. Floodplain habitats are important to many riverine fishes to complete their life‐history strategies. The fish community and species of fish that inhabit floodplain habitats are often dictated by the type of habitat and the conditions within that habitat (e.g., temperature, water velocity, depth, and discharge). As mitigation and restoration projects are undertaken, it is imperative that managers understand how various habitat components will affect the fish community in floodplain habitats. We collected fish and habitat data from two restored side channels with different structural designs on the lower Platte River, Nebraska, to determine how habitat variables predicted species diversity and individual species presence. We found a decrease in discharge in the main‐stem river resulted in increased diversity in one of the side channels, with the greatest diversity values occurring during summer. No habitat variables performed well for predicting fish species diversity for an adjacent side channel with more uniform depth and velocity and no groundwater inputs. However, several native riverine fish species in this side channel were shown to be associated with high temperature, dissolved oxygen, main‐stem discharge, and discharge variability. These results highlight the importance of considering the physical design of restored floodplain habitats when attempting to enhance fish communities.
Protective Effects of Uncultured Adipose-Derived Stromal Vascular Fraction on Testicular Injury Induced by Torsion-Detorsion in Rats
Authors: Zhou Liuhua , Song Kaiwei , Xu Luwei , Zhao Feng , Tian Hongqiang , Zhou Changcheng , Xu Zhongle , Ge Yuzheng , Wu Ran , Jia Ruipeng 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Torsion-detorsion (T/D)-induced testicular injury may lead to male subfertility and even infertility. Stem cell therapy provides an alternative to attenuate testicular injury and promote spermatogenesis. Adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction (SVF) can be acquired conveniently without in vitro expansion, which may avoid the potential risks of microbial contamination, xenogenic nutritional sources, etc., during cell culture. In this study, we investigate the protective effects of autologous uncultured SVF on testicular injury and spermatogenesis in a rat model of T/D. Animals were randomly divided into sham, T/D+ phosphate-buffered saline, and T/D + SVF groups (18 rats in each group). SVF was isolated, labeled with lipophilic fluorochrome chloromethylbenzamido dialkylcarbocyanine, and transplanted into T/D testis by local injection. At 3, 7, 14, and 28 days F surgery, testicular tissue and serum samples were harvested for histopathological, immunohistochemical, Western blot, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Histopathological findings demonstrated severe injury in the testis with decreased Johnsen’s score led by T/D, while uncultured SVF reduced testicular injury and elevated the decreased score. Injected SVF cells were mainly integrated into interstitial region and seminiferous tubules, enhanced the secretion of basic fibroblast growth factor and stem cell factor in the testis, contributed to the declining level of malondialdehyde and restoration of hormonal homeostasis, and then reduced the injury of Leydig cells and germ cells, as well as promoting spermatogenesis. Our findings demonstrated that autologous uncultured SVF could protect the testis from testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury and promote spermatogenesis, which provide significant clinical implications for the prevention of infertility induced by testicular T/D. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2019;8:383–391
Mechanisms of Self‐Assembly and Energy Harvesting in Tuneable Conjugates of Quantum Dots and Engineered Photovoltaic Proteins
Authors: Liu Juntai , Mantell Judith , Di Bartolo Natalie , Jones Michael R. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractPhotoreaction centers facilitate the solar energy transduction at the heart of photosynthesis and there is increasing interest in their incorporation into biohybrid devices for solar energy conversion, sensing, and other applications. In this work, the self‐assembly of conjugates between engineered bacterial reaction centers (RCs) and quantum dots (QDs) that act as a synthetic light harvesting system is described. The interface between protein and QD is provided by a polyhistidine tag that confers a tight and specific binding and defines the geometry of the interaction. Protein engineering that changes the pigment composition of the RC is used to identify Förster resonance energy transfer as the mechanism through which QDs can drive RC photochemistry with a high energy transfer efficiency. A thermodynamic explanation of RC/QD conjugation based on a multiple/independent binding model is provided. It is also demonstrated that the presence of multiple binding sites affects energy coupling not only between RCs and QDs but also among the bound RCs themselves, effects which likely stem from restricted RC dynamics at the QD surface in denser conjugates. These findings are readily transferrable to many other conjugate systems between proteins or combinations of proteins and other nanomaterials.
Long‐Term Perfusion Culture of Monoclonal Embryonic Stem Cells in 3D Hydrogel Beads for Continuous Optical Analysis of Differentiation
Authors: Kleine‐Brüggeney Hans , van Vliet Liisa D. , Mulas Carla , Gielen Fabrice , Agley Chibeza C. , Silva José C. R. , Smith Austin , Chalut Kevin , Hollfelder Florian 
Published: December 2018

AbstractDevelopmental cell biology requires technologies in which the fate of single cells is followed over extended time periods, to monitor and understand the processes of self‐renewal, differentiation, and reprogramming. A workflow is presented, in which single cells are encapsulated into droplets (Ø: 80 µm, volume: ≈270 pL) and the droplet compartment is later converted to a hydrogel bead. After on‐chip de‐emulsification by electrocoalescence, these 3D scaffolds are subsequently arrayed on a chip for long‐term perfusion culture to facilitate continuous cell imaging over 68 h. Here, the response of murine embryonic stem cells to different growth media, 2i and N2B27, is studied, showing that the exit from pluripotency can be monitored by fluorescence time‐lapse microscopy, by immunostaining and by reverse‐transcription and quantitative PCR (RT‐qPCR). The defined 3D environment emulates the natural context of cell growth (e.g., in tissue) and enables the study of cell development in various matrices. The large scale of cell cultivation (in 2000 beads in parallel) may reveal infrequent events that remain undetected in lower throughput or ensemble studies. This platform will help to gain qualitative and quantitative mechanistic insight into the role of external factors on cell behavior.
A note on the complex SYK model and warped CFTs
Authors: Chaturvedi Pankaj , Gu Yingfei , Song Wei , Yu Boyang 
Published: December 2018

AbstractWe discuss the connections between the complex SYK model at the conformal limit and warped conformal field theories. Both theories have an SL(2, ℝ) × U(1) global symmetry. We present comparisons on symmetries, correlation functions, the effective action and the entropy formula. We also use modular covariance to reinterpret results in the complex SYK model.
Beyond Combination: How Cosmic Consciousness Grounds Ordinary Experience
Authors: SHANI ITAY , KEPPLER JOACHIM 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe aim of this paper is twofold. First, our purpose is to propose and motivate a novel and scientifically informed variant of cosmopsychism, namely, the view that the experiences of ordinary subjects are ultimately grounded in an all-pervading cosmic consciousness. Second, we will demonstrate that this approach generates promising avenues for addressing familiar problems of phenomenal constitution. We use stochastic electrodynamics (SED) as the physical bedrock of our approach, supplementing it with key insights about the nature of consciousness long emphasized in eastern philosophy and other wisdom traditions. We proceed to show that our approach substantiates an intriguing way of thinking about the dynamical emergence of ordinary consciousness from cosmic consciousness, identifying the latter with the vacuum state of quantum field theory. Finally, we argue that the present approach is well suited to address problems of phenomenal constitution, in particular as they pertain to the qualities and structure of experience and to the generation of subjects.
An ecological model of adaptation to displacement: individual, cultural and community factors affecting psychosocial adjustment among Syrian refugees in Jordan
Authors: Wells Ruth , Lawsin Catalina , Hunt Caroline , Said Youssef Omar , Abujado Fayzeh , Steel Zachary 
Published: December 2018

Background.There is a need for ecological approaches to guide global mental health programmes that can appropriately address the personal, family, social and cultural needs of displaced populations. A transactional ecological model of adaptation to displacement was developed and applied to the case of Syrian refugees living in Jordan.Methods.Syrian and Jordanian psychosocial workers (n = 29) supporting the Syrian refugee community in Jordan were interviewed in three waves (2013–2016). A grounded-theory approach was used to develop a model of key local concepts of distress. Emergent themes were compared with the ecological model, including the five ADAPT pillars identified by Silove (2013).Results.The application of the ecological concept of niche construction demonstrated how the adaptive functions of a culturally significant concept of dignity (karama) are moderated by gender and displacement. This transactional concept brought to light the adaptive capacities of many Syrian women while highlighting the ways that stigma may restrict culturally sanctioned opportunities for others, in particular men. By examining responses to potentially traumatic events at the levels of individual, family/peers, society and culture, adaptive responses to environmental change can be included in the formulation of distress. The five ADAPT pillars showed congruence with the psychosocial needs reported in the community.Conclusions.The transactional concepts in this model can help clinicians working with displaced people to consider and formulate a broader range of causal factors than is commonly included in individualistic therapy approaches. Researchers may use this model to develop testable hypotheses.