bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Urinary incontinence in resident women in nursing homes
Authors: Santos Isabel C. R. V. , dos Santos Júnior Jair L. , da Silva Tayne F. L. , de Albuquerque Natália M. S. , da Silva Filho Jabiael C. , Valença Marilia P. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractResearch questionWhich person related and clinical aspects variables are associated with the types of urinary incontinence in older women?Research problemThe purpose of this study is to determine the occurrence of urinary incontinence among elderly women and verify the association between related to the person and clinical variables with types of urinary incontinence.Literature reviewThere is a wide variation in the prevalence of urinary incontinence throughout the world, as well as among the regions of Brazil (Milsom et al., 2014). The worldwide prevalence of any type of incontinence in women has been estimated at more than 275 million in 2013, with an increase of more than 300 million by 2018.MethodologyA cross‐sectional study with a quantitative aproach was conducted with 120 elderly women. The International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire—Short Form was used as data collection tool and all participants signed consent form.ResultsThe prevalence of UI found was 67.5%. Regarding the type of UI, the following frequencies were found: urgency (29.2%), stress (23.3%) and mixed (15.0%). Urge incontinence was significantly associated with age (mean: 81.1 years, P: .05) and abdominal circumference (mean: 97.9 cm, P: .01). Diabetes mellitus was associated with urgency incontinence (P < .001), while hypertension showed association with stress and mixed incontinence (both with P < .001).ConclusionsUrinary incontinence was present in 67.5% of elderly women living in long‐term care facilities, with a higher occurrence of urgency and stress, and parametric statistics showed an association between Urge incontinence and age and abdominal circumference.
The diversity and evolution of odorant receptors in beetles (Coleoptera)
Authors: Mitchell R. F. , Schneider T. M. , Schwartz A. M. , Andersson M. N. , McKenna D. D. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe insect odorant receptors (ORs) are amongst the largest gene families in insect genomes and the primary means by which insects recognize volatile compounds. The evolution of ORs is thus instrumental in explaining the chemical ecology of insects and as a model of evolutionary biology. However, although ORs have been described from numerous insect species, their analysis within and amongst the insect orders has been hindered by a combination of limited genomic information and a tendency of the OR family toward rapid divergence, gain, and loss. We addressed these issues in the insect order Coleoptera through a targeted genomic annotation effort that included 1181 ORs from one species of the sister order Strepsiptera and 10 species representing the four coleopteran suborders. The numbers of ORs in each species varied from hundreds to fewer than 10, but coleopteran ORs could nevertheless be represented within a scheme of nine monophyletic subfamilies. We observed many radiations and losses of genes amongst OR subfamilies, and the diversity of ORs appeared to parallel the host breadth of the study species. However, some small lineages of ORs persisted amongst many coleopteran families, suggesting receptors of key function that underlie the olfactory ecology of beetles.
Determination of single cryoablation outcome within 30 to 60 seconds of freezing based on ice impedance
Authors: Avitall Boaz , Lizama Ken S. , Kalinski Arthur , Coulombe Nicolas , Laske Timothy G. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundA direct indicator of effective pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) based on early ice formation is presently lacking.ObjectiveThe initial impedance rise within 30 to 60 seconds (sec) of single cryoablation relating to ice on the distal surface of the cryoballoon could; predict effective PVI with early termination, the need for prolonging the cryoablation, or failure to achieve effective ablation.MethodsImpedance measurements were taken between two ring electrodes, at the anterior balloon surface and at the shaft behind the balloon. Ice covering the anterior ring leads to impedance rise. Single cryoablation (eight animals, 37 veins) was applied for 90 to 180 sec. Cryoapplication was terminated if the impedance reached ≥500 Ω. Impedance levels at ≤60 sec of cryoablation were divided into three groups based on the characteristics of the impedance rise. PVI was confirmed acutely and at 45 ± 9 days recovery by electrophysiology mapping and histopathology.ResultsAt 60 sec of freezing, an impedance rise of 34.1 ± 15.2 Ω (13‐50 Ω) and slope of the impedance rise (measured during 15‐30 sec of cryoapplication) less than 1 Ω/sec resulted in failed PVI. An impedance rise of 104.4 ± 31.5 Ω (76‐159 Ω) and slope of 2 Ω/sec resulted in 100% PVIs. An impedance rise of 130.9 ± 137.8 Ω (40‐590 Ω) and slope of 10 Ω/sec resulted in 100% PVIs with early termination at 90 sec.ConclusionThe efficacy of single cryoablation can be defined within 30 to 60 sec based on ice impedance. Three unique impedance profiles described in this investigation are associated with the uniformity and thickness of the ice buildup on the anterior surface of the balloon. One cryoablation with an adequate impedance rise is needed for successful outcomes.
Comparing inline extrusion viscosity for different operating conditions to offline capillary viscosity measurements
Authors: Ponrajan Amudhan , Tonner Troy , Okos Martin , Campanella Osvaldo , Narsimhan Ganesan 
Published: August 2019

AbstractDegermed, dehulled cornmeal grits were extruded through a self‐heating single screw extruder with inner restrictions. Constant degree of screw fill was tested at 32.5, 35, and 37.5% w.b. moisture content. The screw speeds tested were 100, 200, and 300 rpm. A novel two hole die was used and showed the melt viscosity to decrease with increased screw speed. The inline data was compared to offline capillary rheometer measurements and showed a decrease in melt viscosity. For example, at 35% moisture content and roughly 110°C the melt viscosity decreased by 32% from offline to 100 rpm for a shear rate of 100 s−1. The melt viscosity change suggested that each process transforms the material differently into two different materials which was supported by RVA pasting profiles. The extruder die temperature increased with increased screw speed and decreased with increased moisture content. The melt viscosity behaved nonlinearly with moisture content due to high temperature rise and starch degradation. The flow behavior index increased with increased screw speed. Overall, the novel two hole die showed general trends of the melt viscosity behavior with operating conditions and made comparisons to offline data.Practical ApplicationsThe extrusion process is an efficient process that can produce a wide range of products at various throughputs depending upon operating conditions and extruder design. Originally developed for the plastics industry, extrusion has been applied to food and pharmaceutical applications. This application comes with increased challenges due to heterogeneous materials that consist of biological macromolecules that are Non‐Newtonian in rheological behavior as well as being susceptible to temperature and shear degradation. The product rheological properties are dependent on extruder design and operating conditions. Unfortunately, measuring the viscosity while extruding can be complicated, time consuming, and expensive. Thus, to facilitate the design of effective future extruders, the viscosity behavior must be able to be predicted from an offline method which is more cost and time effective.
Microfiltration: A novel technology for removal of trub from hopped wort
Authors: Varga Áron , Márki Edit 
Published: August 2019

AbstractRemoving hot and cold trub from hopped wort is important, because of yeast viability, beer filtration, quality and fermentation in Membrane Bioreactor. Trub can be removed by several methods, but Crossflow Microfiltration (CFMF) would be an alternative technology. For the filtration a wort was produced. The filtration was performed with the following parameters: temperature (10 ± 1°C), Transmembrane Pressure (0.4 bar), and Crossflow Velocity (0.4 m s−1). Membrane with pore size of 0.2 μm was applied. The fluxes were determined. Particle size distributions and analytical parameters of samples were measured and retentions were calculated. The initial and steady‐state fluxes were 16.75 and 4.89 L m−2 hr−1. According to the particle size distributions trub can be removed. Changing of the analytical parameters is appropriate, for example, retention of β‐glucan was 40.17% and Free Amino Nitrogen content did not change. CFMF is an alternative method for removing trub, but the optimization is essential.Practical applicationsCrossflow Microfiltration (CFMF) would be an alternative and novel technology for removal of hot trub and cold trub from hopped wort and the two processes can be performed simultaneously with the same CFMF equipment. The main advantages of the CFMF are less solid residues, lower energy consumption, lower water requirements, and microbiologically stable product.Our research has several practical applications as mentioned below.First removing at least some hot trub can decrease the production losses and improve yeast viability, beer filtration performance and the quality of finished beer, and removing at least some cold trub can improve yeast viability and the quality of finished beer.Furthermore, if primary fermentation is performed in Membrane Bioreactor (MBR), wort particles (e.g., cold trub) can cause fouling.Finally, it has been proven that hot trub and cold trub can be completely removed by CFMF and the changing of the analytical parameters is appropriate.
Dough bread from refined wheat flour partially replaced by grape peels: Optimizing the rheological properties
Authors: Mironeasa Silvia , Mironeasa Costel 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe valorization of grape peels by‐product to supplement wheat bread has immense potential, particularly in refined wheat flour (RWF) to increase the dietary fibers. The main aims of this study were successful modeling of dough rheological properties using predictive models, investigating the effect of factors, grape peels flour (GPF) variety, level and particle size (PS) of GPF added in RWF on responses, and finally, optimizing the formulation with respect to dough rheological behavior. The rheological properties of grape peels–wheat composite flour formulated with GPF from two variety and increasing levels of GPF (0–9%) in the presence of different PS (large, L > 500 μm; medium, 200 μm > M < 500 μm, and small, S < 200 μm) of GPF was evaluated using farinograph, alveograph, and dynamic oscillation measurements. The artificial neural network models (R2 > .82) developed to predict dough rheological properties highlighted an improved estimation and predictive capabilities compared with response surface methodology models (R2 > .77). The multiobjective optimization approach allowed anticipation of the optimal value for each response in terms of dough rheological properties as function of GPF from white variety of small PS, which replaced RWF at level of 3.81%.Practical applicationsIn the composite flour formulation to produce effectiveness and nutritive bread, optimizing dough rheology in relation to the formulation factors represents the actual need for the bread‐making industry. Dough behavior during mixing (water absorption, dough stability, dough development time, and degree of softening), alveograph parameters (dough tenacity, extensibility, and deformation energy), and dynamic rheological properties (elastic modulus, viscous modulus, loss tangent, and complex viscosity) are considered essential to optimization of grape peels–wheat composite flour formulation. The current study revealed the efficacy of modeling and optimization between response surface and artificial neural network techniques for the grape peels–wheat flour dough rheological properties. The information given from this study would help the industry to develop new bread‐making products with the desired particle size with optimum functional and nutritional properties.
Time matters when ultrasonicating beef: The best time for tenderness is not the best for reducing microbial counts
Authors: Diaz‐Almanza Sergio , Reyes‐Villagrana Raul , Alarcon‐Rojo Alma D. , Huerta‐Jimenez Mariana , Carrillo‐Lopez Luis M. , Estepp Christopher , Urbina‐Perez Jessica , Garcia‐Galicia Ivan A. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractResearch on the effects of high‐intensity ultrasound (HIU) on meat quality properties shows contradictory results. The latter has been sometimes attributed to limited exposure time, not enough to cause cellular modifications. This study evaluated the effect of different exposure times (0, 10, 20, and 40 min) of HIU (37 kHz, 90 W cm−2) on physicochemical properties including; pH, color, tenderness, and microbial counts of two different portions of beef Longissimus lumborum (cranial–caudal). No significant effect of loin portion was observed (p > .05). Ultrasonication time caused a 20.7% toughness reduction of beef (p < .05). However, ultrasonication time also increased hue from 0.62 to 0.76 from red to orange values (p < .05), but it did not affect important coordinates such as a* or C*. Ultrasound caused an increase in the pH from 5.46 to 5.6 (p < .05), but pH was not affected by the time. The highest tenderness was achieved at 40 min of sonication. Significant reductions of mesophiles, psychrophiles, and coliforms were observed after ultrasonication when compared to control (p < .05). The best ultrasonic condition for microbial reduction was at 10 min, when the lowest microorganism counts were achieved, with a subsequent growth when increasing ultrasonication time.Practical ApplicationsHigh‐intensity ultrasound application appears to be a promising method to increase tenderness in beef. However, optimum time, intensity, and methodology for its application have to be defined, because the variations may affect other quality characteristics such as color or microbial contamination. To find ideal parameter values may help the industry to take decisions on the design of specialized equipment for ultrasonication of meat.
Gender‐specific correlates of sufficient physical activity among vulnerable children
Authors: Hong Jeongae , Choo Jina , Kim Hye‐Jin , Jae Sae Y. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAimWe aimed to identify the levels and types of physical activity (PA) by gender, and to determine correlates of sufficient PA on a theoretical basis of self‐determination and social support; moreover, if significant correlates with sufficient PA would differ by gender among vulnerable children.MethodsParticipants were 319 children enrolled in public welfare systems in Seoul, South Korea. Sufficient PA was defined as daily activity with moderate or vigorous intensity for 60 min. Self‐determined motivation was assessed by autonomous and controlled forms; social support was assessed as two types: family and peer support. Questionnaires were self‐reported by children and their parents.ResultsOf the participants, 20.4% achieved sufficient PA, specifically 15.0% for girls versus 27.3% for boys (P < .001). Girls were more likely to perform casual exercise types, while boys were more likely to perform sports types (P < .05 for all). The autonomous form of self‐determined motivation, but not its controlled form, was significantly associated with sufficient PA in both girls (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.03, P = .028) and boys (AOR = 2.47, P = .007). Family support was not significantly associated in girls and boys; however, peer support was significantly associated only in boys (AOR = 3.72, P = .042).DiscussionOf the children, girls were less likely to achieve sufficient PA and to perform sports than were boys. Self‐determined motivation was a PA correlate uniformly in girls and boys; however, peer support was a PA correlate only in boys. Self‐determined motivation‐enhanced strategies should be integrated with peer support provided through gender‐specific strategies when employing a PA intervention for vulnerable children.
Clinical aspects and management of inguinal endometriosis: A case series of 20 patients
Authors: Arakawa Tomoko , Hirata Tetsuya , Koga Kaori , Neriishi Kazuaki , Fukuda Shinya , Ma Suke , Sun Hui , Nagashima Natsuki , Harada Miyuki , Hirota Yasushi , Wada‐Hiraike Osamu , Fujii Tomoyuki , Osuga Yutaka 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAimThis study aimed to describe the clinical presentation, diagnostic evaluation, and operative or medical management of inguinal endometriosis.MethodsIn this study, we retrospectively reviewed 20 cases of inguinal endometriosis in our facility, particularly on the clinical characteristics, diagnosis, and surgical and medical treatment.ResultsWe retrospectively investigated the following items for each patient: age at diagnosis, surgical history, presence of extragenital endometriosis, symptoms, imaging modalities, surgical therapy, hormonal therapy, follow‐up period, postoperative recurrence and time to recurrence. We identified 20 cases of inguinal endometriosis in our facility. First, 75% of the patients had right inguinal endometriosis. Second, T1‐weighted or fat‐saturated T1‐weighted images showed hyperintensity in the lesions in 17 patients (17/18 patients, 94.4%). Third, in 5 of 6 patients who underwent surgical therapy, we performed radical surgery to excise the inguinal lesion including the round ligament. One patient had disease relapse. Fourth, in 6 of 7 cases, dienogest effectively improved pain without significant adverse effects, but oral contraceptive was effective in 1 of 4 patients without significant adverse effects.ConclusionWe retrospectively reviewed 20 patients with inguinal endometriosis in our facility. We have shown that magnetic resonance imaging can be a useful imaging modality to obtain a specific diagnosis of this disease. In addition, inguinal endometriosis can be managed with radical surgery to resect lesions including the round ligament and with hormonal treatment. In particular, dienogest ameliorated symptoms, which can be an option for patients who do not want surgery.
Preliminary report on the use of a levonorgestrel intrauterine system for the treatment of intermenstrual bleeding due to previous cesarean delivery scar defect
Authors: Chen Ying‐Yi , Tsai Ching‐Chang , Lan Kuo‐Chung , Ou Yu‐Che 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAimTo evaluate the efficacy of levonorgestrel intrauterine system (LNG‐IUS) treatment in patients with previous cesarean delivery scar defect (PCDS)‐related intermenstrual bleeding.MethodsA total of six premenopausal patients who experienced PCDS‐related intermenstrual bleeding were enrolled for conservative therapy with LNG‐IUS (levonorgestrel 20 μg/24 h) insertion. The durations of menstruation before and after LNG‐IUS insertion at 1, 6 and 12 months were recorded. A total of three missed menstrual cycles was defined as amenorrhea. Any side effects and the device expulsion rate were also recorded. Patient follow‐up was at an outpatient clinic. Any missing data were obtained by telephone.ResultsAt the start of the study the median duration of intermenstrual bleeding was 6.5 days (range 3–22 days). After 6 months treatment, two of the six patients had developed amenorrhea and two patients experienced cessation of vaginal spotting. One patient reported expulsion of the device. All patients except the one with device expulsion responded to the conservative treatment after 1 year.ConclusionThe findings of the current study support LNG‐IUS being effective for the treatment of PCDS‐related intermenstrual bleeding. The authors recommend LNG‐IUS as a treatment option for PCDS‐related intermenstrual bleeding.
Principles versus principal: Reconciling norm compliance and shareholder value
Authors: Sinclair‐Desgagné Bernard 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis paper considers situations where an agent (say, a polluting firm's CEO) must allocate his nonobservable effort across two distinct tasks (say, revenue/market share enhancement and environmental stewardship), and where two principals (say, the firm's shareholders and an external stakeholder) hold diverging viewpoints on what the best allocation should be. Both characteristics of this context—multitasking and conflicting principals—are normally seen as obstacles to strengthening the agent's incentives. This paper proposes a simple arrangement, based on contingent monitoring and clawbacks, that can overcome these obstacles. Under this arrangement, the principals would end up coordinating their respective incentive schemes so that the agent considers his two tasks as complementary utility‐increasing activities. Applications to regulatory compliance, corporate social responsibility, and innovation management are briefly sketched.
Protective effect of sucupira oil nanoemulsion against oxidative stress in UVA-irradiated HaCaT cells
Authors: Pacheco Maiulle T , Silva Artur C G , Nascimento Thais L , Diniz Danielle G A , Valadares Marize C , Lima Eliana M 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Objectives
Bioactive molecules derived from natural products combine the ability to absorb UV light and act as antioxidants. We developed an oil-based sucupira (native species of the Brazilian cerrado) nanoemulsion (NE) using a high-energy emulsification method and assessed its effectiveness in vitro.

Methods
An easily scalable high-pressure homogenization method was used to prepare the formulation. NE droplets mean diameter, pH, stability, conductivity and morphology were analysed. Formulation bioactivity was assessed using HaCaT cells.

Key findings
The formulation presented suitable pH and size for topic administration and was stable for over 90 days upon storage at 4, 25 and 45°C. The NE showed protective effect against oxidative stress and reduced levels of UVA-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-8.

Conclusions
A novel, stable and easily prepared formulation was obtained for encapsulation of sucupira oil. The protective effect of the formulation by cytokine inhibition in the early stage of the inflammatory process was shown in vitro. Combined with the antioxidant effect by inhibition of reactive oxygen species, the use of sucupira oil NE for prevention and treatment of UVA-induced stress could contribute to decrease the effects of UV radiation on skin ageing.
Religious Right, Religious Left, Both, or Neither? Understanding Religio‐Political Identification
Authors: McCarthy Angela F. , Olson Laura R. , Garand James C. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn this article we analyze the effects of religious, political, socioeconomic, and demographic variables on religious Americans’ propensity to identify with religio‐political movements. Using data from the 2013 Economic Values Survey collected by the Public Religion Research Institute (PRRI), we sort nonsecular Americans into four categories: religious right, religious left,bothreligious rightandreligious left, orneitherreligious rightnorthe religious left. We estimate a multinomial logit model in which we depictreligio‐political identificationas a function of religious affiliation, worship attendance, religious embeddedness, religious convictions, political attitudes, and socioeconomic and demographic controls. We find that a wide range of religious, political, and socioeconomic/demographic variables affect individuals’ identification with the religious right and/or religious left. Our empirical results also permit us to analyze the seeming paradox of identifying withboththe religious right and the religious left. We find that individuals who identify with both movements come from the ranks of the highly religious, those who believe that being moral requires one to believe in God, Tea Party supporters, strong partisans, those with lower education and income, older individuals, and blacks and Hispanics.