bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancing Data Quality through Electronic Health Records in Prison Settings: Towards a Learning Health System
Authors: Bes J , Bos I , Elffers B , Heins M , Verheij R 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Utilizing electronic health records (EHRs) in prison settings offers a unique opportunity to establish a learning health system (LHS) aimed at enhancing healthcare quality for incarcerated individuals. Despite the challenges inherent in prison healthcare, leveraging EHRs can facilitate data-driven decision-making and foster continuous improvement initiatives. This study describes the results of an intervention aimed at improving EHR data quality in prisons and explores the potential to enhance the development of a robust LHS. We assessed EHR data quality in 2015 (38 prisons) and 2022 (35 prisons) in the Netherlands over six months. Data were extracted, de-identified, and analyzed across demographic, medication use, (history of) diagnosis, and healthcare usage categories. We measured indicator scores and evaluated variation between prisons in data quality. This project was commissioned by the Custodial Institutions Agency. In 2015, age and gender were recorded for 93% of prisoners, increasing to 100% in 2022. Diagnostic coding use rose from an average of 82% in 2015 to 98% in 2022, with reduced variation between prisons. Consultation frequency per inmate ranged from 3 to 13, reflecting challenges in constructing a uniform denominator due to institutional differences. Mental health problems accounted for 17.7% of recorded disease episodes in 2022. In addition, consultations were most often related to oral health (4.4%), drug abuse (3.2%), sleep (1.8%), fear of diseases (1.6%), and respiratory infections (1.5%). Our findings indicate improvements in EHR data quality in Dutch prisons between 2015 to 2022. Integrating EHR data reuse into prison healthcare systems is pivotal for realizing the vision of an LHS in correctional facilities. This study underscores the potential of advancing EHR recording habits and the reuse of EHR data to enhance healthcare quality in prison settings.
Growth and challenges in biomedical scientific publishing: the phenomenon of mega-journals
Authors: Pezzullo A M , Boccia S 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The landscape of academic scientific publishing has seen relentless growth, with the number of articles published and indexed on Web of Science exceeding three million in 2023 alone. This increase in both the number of publications and authors has significantly impacted scientific research, enhancing our collective knowledge. In response to the surge in authorship and the shift towards open-access publishing-where authors bear the cost of publication-information has become more accessible to researchers, educators, and policymakers, fueling a lucrative global industry with annual revenues estimated at 30 billion euros. However, the system faces challenges, such as slow peer review times, potential biases towards significant findings, and issues with reviewer recruitment and compensation. Mega-journals like PLOS One and Scientific Reports have emerged in the early 2000s and 2010s, respectively, focusing on methodological rigor over novelty, publishing high volumes of articles. In 2022, mega-journals published a quarter of all biomedical literature, reflecting a shift towards specific publication scopes and capturing larger market shares. These journals charge authors publication fees in return for open access, benefiting from minimal operational costs as they do not produce in-house materials or print editions. Recent concerns include vulnerabilities to poor scientific conduct and potential biases in publication practices. Some sectorial mega-journals offer faster, often perceived as less rigorous, peer review processes. Notably, the International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health was removed by Clarivate from the Web of Science Core Collection database, with potential wide ranging impact, especially for authors who have published in these journals (e.g., loss of the impact factor, less visibility) explored in the following presentation.
The assessment of society’s acceptance of artificial intelligence use in healthcare
Authors: Smola P , Wojcieszko M , Duplaga M 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
We observe the surge of interest and application of artificial intelligence (AI) in various areas. AI use in healthcare and medicine is followed by society with interest; however, acceptance varies depending on the area of its application. This study aimed to understand the differences in acceptance depending on the type of solution and explain the factors influencing the attitude toward the use of AI in healthcare.

Methods
The data from the online survey was collected from a representative sample of 1109 adult Internet users in Poland. The respondents were asked about their acceptance of AI use for several purposes in healthcare. Based on the responses to these items, an ad-hoc score of AI acceptance in healthcare (AIAHC) was developed. The determinants of AIAHC were assessed with uni- (ULRM) and multivariable linear regression (MLRM) models.

Results
The highest acceptance of AI use was found for monitoring medication intake at home: mean (standard deviation, SD)-3.81 (1.39), the lowest for AI making decisions about the mode of therapy -2.78 (1.35). ULRMs showed that significant predictors of AIAHC were age, gender, chronic disease, vocational status, income, the use of the Internet (IU), and e-health literacy (eHL). In MLRM, only gender, vocational status, income, and eHL maintained a significant relationship with AIAHC. Males showed significantly higher AIAHC than females (B, 95%CI: 2.56, 1.42 - 3.71), and students had higher AIAHC than employees (B, 95%CI: 3.01, 0.14 - 5.89). Persons who refused to reveal their income demonstrated lower acceptance of AI use than those who revealed their income (B, 95%CI: -4.64, -6.54 - -2.74). Finally, greater eHL favored higher AIAHC (B, 95%CI: 0.46, 0.34 - 0.57).

Conclusions
Evidently, there is a hierarchy of potential areas of application in terms of society’s acceptance. Improving eHL should exert a positive effect on the acceptance of innovative technologies, including AI, in healthcare.

Key messages
• Citizens show moderate enthusiasm toward the broader use of AI in healthcare.
• E-health literacy exerts a positive effect on the introduction of AI-based solutions in healthcare.
Enhancing Health Literacy Among Disadvantaged Youth: A Participatory Approach in School Settings
Authors: Poulsen V R 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
School-based health literacy interventions have the potential to significantly impact the health of disadvantaged youth. However, the effectiveness of such interventions varies. The aim of the ‘health literacy among youth’-intervention was to improve the health literacy of disadvantaged youth in two school settings in Denmark.

Methods
The intervention began with identifying the health literacy needs of 128 students. Groups of teachers from each school participated in workshops facilitated by the research team to develop activities to address the specific needs of the students. Over the course of one school year (August 2023 to May 2024), these activities were implemented. Questionnaires were administered to students before, during, and after the intervention, and semi-structured interviews were conducted among teachers and students.

Results
Teachers at each school created activities aligned with the organizational structure and the needs of the students, focusing on occupational diseases and injuries, and physical activity and mental well-being, respectively. However, contextual factors such as time constraints, students’ characteristics, and teachers’ professional backgrounds and varying levels of motivation, influenced the implementation.

Conclusions
The intervention design offered flexibility in tailoring health literacy activities and their implementation to suit the unique contexts of the two schools. While the participatory approach facilitated targeted and organizationally aligned health interventions, its feasibility varied across contexts. Our findings highlight the importance of involving participants in developing health interventions to ensure relevance and alignment with specific needs of the target group.

Key messages
• Despite contextual similarities, the outcome of participatory intervention approaches may vary across contexts.
• Co-creation contribute to health literacy interventions that are tailored the needs of the target group.
Carving out space for co-creation in implementation of evidence-based mental health interventions
Authors: Thomsen C , Castaner M M , Sabriye A T , Buhl A , Tol W 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Mental health is identified as a pressing public health priority for European countries challenged by societal changes. The ADVANCE project aims to strengthen our understanding of mental health promotion and prevention in seven countries in Europe. In Denmark, the research project sets out to understand how WHO’s stress management intervention Self Help Plus can be embedded within social and integration programmes for adults who have experienced migration.

Methods
We are using a common methodology across the 7 country projects oriented by co-creation with end users and relevant stakeholders to initially develop implementation scenarios and stigma reduction strategies. We will present findings from this process and reflect on the tension and potential of the co-creation methodology in the implementation of evidence-based mental health interventions.

Results
In the first project phase of problem analysis and co-creation, the project’s society advisory group discussed 10 tailored intervention scenarios. Then, a Delphi survey and two rounds of scenario-based workshops with additional involvement of 16 end users/actors resulted in a final implementation scenario and stigma reduction strategies. We identified and reflected on questions around ownership of the project, boundaries of the proposed intervention, alignment of expectations, and intervention sustainability within the parameters of the ADVANCE project.

Conclusions
Even when interventions are pre-selected in response to funding calls, co-creation can facilitate the development of acceptable and sustainable implementation strategies. However, meaningful co-creation requires time, flexibility, and negotiation, which is not always guaranteed.

Key messages
• Co-creation creates productive tension and potential for the implementation of ADVANCE.
• Space for co-creation was negotiated with collaborators to ensure meaningful engagement.
Citizen’s perspective on pandemic preparedness
Authors: Mehra S , Gorter A , de Valk T , Euser S 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In the aftermath of COVID-19, pandemic preparedness has become a key concern for governments and public health institutes across the world. As policymakers and scientist grapple with the lessons learned and implications for pandemic preparedness, it is also imperative to take the perspectives of citizens into account. To explore the perceptions and expectations regarding pandemic preparedness, the Behavioural Unit of RIVM conducted a qualitative follow-up study amongst a representative sample of Dutch citizens. At different locations in the Netherlands focus groups were organized with diverse participants. The topic guide was based on an analysis of a previously administered pandemic preparedness questionnaire and theoretical framework, also presented in the current workshop. Topics included risk perceptions, trust in government and other institutions versus self-reliance and the role of media and communication. Furthermore, pandemic preparedness was contrasted with other forms of disaster and crisis management. During the presentation the latest results are shared, and we will discuss possible policy recommendations and how the general public can be involved to develop a better understanding of their needs with respect to preparedness.
How to not revert to type: learnings from the pandemic response for universal health system reform
Authors: Parker S , Burke S , Mac Conghail L , Siersbaek R 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Understanding of the opportunities and learnings for health system change that have arisen during the pandemic is still emerging. Situated in the Irish health reform context of Sláintecare, the programme which aims to deliver universal, integrated healthcare, this study set out to generate evidence on the processes that impacted access to universal, integrated care during COVID-19, with a view to informing universal health system reform and implementation.

Methods
The study, which is qualitative, was underpinned by a co-production approach with Irish health system leadership. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 16 health system professionals (including managers and frontline workers) from a range of responses to explore their experiences during the pandemic. Following thematic analysis, a complexity-informed approach guided the interpretation of the findings.

Results
A range of factors facilitated better access to integrated care during the crisis, falling under three key themes (1) nurturing whole-system thinking through a clear, common goal and shared information base; (2) harnessing, sharing and supporting innovation; and (3) prioritizing trust and relationship-building in a human-centred health system.

Conclusions
Alongside establishing health system structures, we must also incorporate alternative approaches to reform that recognise the value of shared sense-making in an interdependent system, while also allowing for innovation, exploration and learning; and acknowledging the role of social dynamics in driving change.
The IHR Journey: Past Lessons and Future Directions
Authors: Correia T 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The International Health Regulations (IHR), established in 1969 and revised in 2005, represent a binding framework for 196 countries to combat global health threats. Historically, the IHR emerged in response to the need for a collective defence against the spread of infectious diseases. In the present, the IHR provides a legal structure for the World Health Organization (WHO) and its member states to report public health emergencies of international concern, ensuring a coordinated, prompt, and effective response. As we look towards the future, the IHR’s role is pivotal in addressing the complexities of global health security. The emergence of novel pathogens, the risk of bioterrorism, and the impact of climate change on disease patterns call for the evolution of the IHR. Such ammendments comprise: increasing clarity on multilevel jurisdiction; defining a pandemic emergency; introducing the concept of quarantine as a public health measure; stressing a compromise and solidarity approach between States Parties; reinforcing the need for bidirectional action between the WHO and States Parties; underlining cargo, as well as passengers, as relevant for public health measures; certificate digitalisation; among others. Strengthening the IHR is essential for a proactive approach to health policy, ensuring preparedness and resilience against any health crisis that may arise, although it remains in great controversy the right balance between the respect of national sovereignty and supranational impositions over national, democratically elected governments. Calling upon this reflection aims to bridge the gap felt in most WHO’s member states.
The M-POHL Health Literacy Population Survey 2024-2026 (HLS24)
Authors: Griebler R , Straßmayr C , Link T , Le C , Dietscher C , Levin-Zamir D 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Inspired by the first European Health Literacy Survey (HLS-EU) and its policy impact, the WHO Action Network on Measuring Population and Organizational Health Literacy (M-POHL) was established in 2018 under the auspices of WHO Europe to monitor and strengthen health literacy (HL) in Europe. The Health Literacy Survey 2019-2021 (HLS19) was the first project of M-POHL, focusing on both general and specific aspects of HL. The follow-up survey (HLS24) builds on this work and will provide even more comprehensive data on HL by including more countries and new aspects of HL. By also focusing on NCDs and prevention, HLS24 is a key partner in the European Joint Action PreventNCD.

Methods
The HLS24 is a cross-sectional study based on nationally representative samples of the adult population (18+) in more than 20 participating countries. The HLS24 core questionnaire includes items on general HL, sociodemographics, health behavior, health status, and health care utilization. Some countries also include questions on prevention and early detection of chronic diseases and health problems. Five optional packages (OPs) enable countries to focus on specific aspects of HL, namely digital, communicative, navigational, vaccination and mental HL.

Results
HLS24 uses a harmonized set of HL instruments that provide a solid database for health policy decisions to strengthen HL and health equity in Europe. In addition to the three OPs on digital, communicative and navigational HL discussed in the following presentations, an 11-item set on vaccination literacy and a 21-item set on mental HL are provided.

Conclusions
Covering NCDs, prevention, digital health, immunization, and mental health, the HLS24 provides important data on current health challenges and highlights the needs of the European population regarding health information and services upon which policy and action interventions can be based.
Analysis of traffic injury trends, and strategies for road safety promotion in Lithuania
Authors: Strukcinskiene B 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Every year, about 1.3 million people die on the world’s roads. The aim of the study was to analyze the mortality trends from traffic injuries, and to discuss strategies for the prevention of road traffic injuries and road safety promotion in Lithuania. A longitudinal study was conducted, and regression analysis was applied. The study showed that, when analyzing the changes in mortality from the main causes of death over 2009-2019, the greatest progress in mortality reduction was observed in the category of deaths from external causes; whereas, the number of deaths from diseases of the circulatory system did not change, and the number of deaths from malignant tumors increased slightly. In Lithuania, the death rate from traffic injuries per 100,000 inhabitants decreased significantly over a 50-year period (1971-2020) (in the whole population, and in the subgroups of men and women). In Lithuania, during the fifty-year period (1971-2020), pedestrian mortality rates decreased significantly in the whole population, and children and adolescents (0-14, 15-19, and 0-19 years). Over 1998-2020, road traffic injury deaths decreased significantly in children age groups 0-14, 15-19, and 0-19. After exploring the preventive strategies used for road safety promotion, it was revealed that the most effective results were achieved, when education, safe environment creation, and legislation with enforcement were used. It was important to create a safe engineering environment, to separate pedestrian and bicycle paths from high-speed traffic on roads, to improve the visibility of road users, to apply measures that reduce driver’s fatigue, and to combat the usage of mobile phones while driving. Preventive activities were aimed at alcohol control, speed limitation, education of safe behavior of drivers, promotion of safe cars operation. The usage of safety belts and safety seats, helmets for motorcyclists and cyclists were increased through legislative and educational measures.
Risk communication with asylum-seekers: Insights from the COVID-19 Pandemic experience in Munich
Authors: Öcek Z , Link F 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has created a ‘double crisis’ for asylum-seekers, whose lives were already in crisis. Many reports indicated the syndemic consequences on asylum seekers’ health, underscoring the need for their inclusion in risk communication (RC) and community engagement (CE) and infodemic management (IM) actions. This study aims to describe RCCE experience with asylum seekers in Munich during the COVID-19 pandemic from an expert perspective and thus gain a thorough understanding of the requirements for inclusive RCCE.

Methods
Our qualitative study involved people who conducted COVID-19-related RCCE for asylum-seekers. Volunteers/workers of civil society organizations and health professionals were interviewed using purposeful sampling. After reviewing international guidelines, an interview form was created. The content analysis resulted in themes and categories.

Results
Four of the interviewees were health managers, while 8 were working in civil society organizations. The first category of the results describes the context in which RCCE occurs; syndemic factors (uncertainty; social exclusion and stigma; precarious housing; limited access to healthcare and unmet mental health needs) and pandemic management. The second category includes determinants of RCCE from both the asylum-seeker (trust; risk perception; health literacy; language; culture and gender) and RCCE member (competences; overburden; continuity) standpoint. The third category focuses on various RCCE-IM measures, including their effectiveness and consequences.

Conclusions
Syndemic factors hampered the effective implementation of RCCE for asylum seekers in Munich. RCCE determinants show that pre-crisis actions are necessary for an effective response and individual interactions should accompany community-level activities, particularly for female and marginalised migrants. This study’s scope will be expanded by incorporating the IM component.
Refugee mental health - systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chatarajupalli P , Lindert J 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Mental health conditions of forcibly displaced persons are unknown as the characteristics of the population change over the years. This study aims to estimate the prevalence rates of mental health conditions among refugees (depression, anxiety and posttraumatic stress).

Methods
We conducted a systematic review using MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase, Web of Science Core Collection (Clarivate), PsycINFO (EBSCO), Sociological Abstracts (ProQuest), and PTSDPubs (ProQuest) published between 1994-2022. We set up clear eligibility criteria and developed a data extraction sheet. The risk of bias of the included studies was assessed using the Effective Public Health Practice Project (EPHPP) quality assessment tool for quantitative studies. Heterogeneity was assessed using I² statistics.

Results
The search yielded 4,381 records, of which 171 were included in the full-text review. 54 studies were included in the final review. These 54 studies comprised of 62,522 forcibly displaced populations (49.22% males, 50.78% females). Pooled prevalence rates for anxiety, depression, and PTSD were 36.3% (95% CI 30.0-43.2), 35.9% (95% CI 31.9-41.3), and 35.4% (95% CI 29.0-42.4) respectively.

Conclusions
The prevalence of PTSD, depression and anxiety is significant among forcibly displaced persons. Screening for mental health conditions among these populations might prove beneficial to prevent more severe mental health conditions through the implementation of early intervention strategies.