bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antitumor and immunomodulatory activities of total flavonoids extract from persimmon leaves in H22 liver tumor-bearing mice
Authors: Chen Li , Wei Yundong , Zhao Shimei , Zhang Mengliang , Yan Xiaoting , Gao Xiangyun , Li Jinxia , Gao Yutong , Zhang Anwen , Gao Ying 
Published: July 2018

AbstractPersimmon (Diospyros kaki L.) leaves are commonly used in Asia as tea infusion and as an agent in traditional medicine. The present study aims to explore the antitumor and immunomodulatory effects of total flavonoids extract from persimmon leaves (PLF) in H22 liver tumor-bearing mice. We found that the PLF showed significant inhibition on the liver tumor growth in mice with a tumor inhibition rate of up to 49.35%. In contrast to the severe side effects of cyclophosphamide (CTX), the PLF exhibited anti-cachexia effect and showed no alternation in the body weight and food intake in mice. Moreover, compared with the vehicle control and CTX group, the PLF significantly enhanced the thymus and spleen indices, level of serum interleukin-18 (IL-18), monocyte/macrophage phagocytosis, level of serum hemolysin, and activity of natural killer (NK) cells. This study demonstrated that the PLF could effectively inhibit liver tumor growth in vivo via enhancement of the immune function in mice, and it displayed the potential to be a safe and effective anticancer agent or functional immune-enhancing agent.
Imaging through scattering medium by adaptive non-linear digital processing
Authors: Mukherjee Saswata , Rosen Joseph 
Published: July 2018

AbstractScattering media have always posed obstacles for imaging through them. In this study, we propose a single exposure, spatially incoherent and interferenceless method capable of imaging multi-plane objects through scattering media using only a single lens and a digital camera. A point object and a resolution chart are precisely placed at the same axial location, and light scattered from them is focused onto an image sensor using a spherical lens. For both cases, intensity patterns are recorded under identical conditions using only a single camera shot. The final image is obtained by an adaptive non-linear cross-correlation between the response functions of the point object and of the resolution chart. The clear and sharp reconstructed image demonstrates the validity of the method.
Memory Beliefs Drive the Memory Bias on Value-based Decisions
Authors: Mechera-Ostrovsky Tehilla , Gluth Sebastian 
Published: July 2018

AbstractFor many value-based decisions, people need to retrieve relevant information from their memory. In our previous work, we have shown that memory biases decisions in the sense that better-memorized choice options are preferred, even if these options are comparatively unattractive. However, the cognitive mechanisms that drive this memory bias remain unclear. In the current pre-registered study, we tested the hypothesis that the memory bias arises because people believe they remember better options more often than worse options. Specifically, we predicted a positive correlation between the memory bias on value-based decisions and the belief in value-dependent memory performance. This prediction was confirmed. Additional exploratory analyses revealed that memory performance was indeed higher for more attractive options, indicating that letting decisions be influenced by memory can be an adaptive strategy. However, the memory bias persisted after correcting for this effect, suggesting that it is not simply an artifact of unequal memory performance. Our results highlight a critical influence of beliefs on behavior and add to an emerging understanding of the role of memory in shaping value-based decisions.
Intergenerational Sex-Specific Transmission of Maternal Social Experience
Authors: Faraji Jamshid , Karimi Mitra , Soltanpour Nabiollah , Rouhzadeh Zahra , Roudaki Shabnam , Hosseini S. Abedin , Jafari S. Yaghoob , Abdollahi Ali-Akbar , Soltanpour Nasrin , Moeeini Reza , Metz Gerlinde A. S. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe social environment is a major determinant of individual stress response and lifetime health. The present study shows that (1) social enrichment has a significant impact on neuroplasticity and behaviour particularly in females; and (2) social enrichment in females can be transmitted to their unexposed female descendants. Two generations (F0 and F1) of male and female rats raised in standard and social housing conditions were examined for neurohormonal and molecular alterations along with changes in four behavioural modalities. In addition to higher cortical neuronal density and cortical thickness, social experience in mothers reduced hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity in F0 rats and their F1 non-social housing offspring. Only F0 social mothers and their F1 non-social daughters displayed improved novelty-seeking exploratory behaviour and reduced anxiety-related behaviour whereas their motor and cognitive performance remained unchanged. Also, cortical and mRNA measurements in the F1 generation were affected by social experience intergenerationally via the female lineage (mother-to-daughter). These findings indicate that social experience promotes cortical neuroplasticity, neurohormonal and behavioural outcomes, and these changes can be transmitted to the F1 non-social offspring in a sexually dimorphic manner. Thus, a socially stimulating environment may form new biobehavioural phenotypes not only in exposed individuals, but also in their intergenerationally programmed descendants.
Wenn das Herz Hilfe braucht
Authors: Schäfer Sabine 
Published: July 2018

ZusammenfassungAktuelle Daten zeigen, dass weltweit etwa 50 Millionen Menschen an einer fortgeschrittenen, terminalen Herzinsuffizienz leiden und jährlich etwa zwei Millionen
Neuerkrankungen dazukommen. Die letzte Option für Patienten, bei denen weder die konventionelle noch die operative Therapie eine Besserung herbeiführen konnte,
ist die Transplantation oder die mechanische Kreislaufunterstützung. Infolge des Rückgangs der Spenderorgane und im Zuge der Entwicklung bei den ventrikulären
Unterstützungssystemen steigen seit den 1990er-Jahren die Implantationszahlen von Herzunterstützungssystemen deutlich an. 1
Dieser Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über die Entwicklung der ventrikulären Unterstützungssysteme sowie über Indikationen, Komplikationen und Nachsorge – mit
Schwerpunkt auf die gängigsten und meistverwendeten Modelle.
Pflegeexpertin APN als Schlüsselrolle im Delirmanagement
Authors: Moser Andrea , Fröhlich Martin R. , Suter-Riederer Susanne 
Published: July 2018

ZusammenfassungDelirante Patienten in komplexen Situationen pflegen, verunsicherte Angehörige begleiten und das interprofessionelle Behandlungsteam unterstützen – die Advanced
Practice Nurse (APN) kann eine Schlüsselrolle im Delirmanagement auf Intensivstationen einnehmen. Ein delirspezifisches APN-Modell bildet ihre Tätigkeiten ab
und weist auf innovative Formen der Zusammenarbeit hin.
Das Jahr der Jubiläen
Authors: Schäfer P. Klaus 
Published: July 2018

ZusammenfassungDas Jahr 2017 ist verstrichen, ohne dass in größerem Maße der Jubiläen zu Hirntod und Organtransplantation gedacht wurde. Aber auch für 2018 stehen große Jubiläen an. Wir betrachten die Jubiläen beider Jahre.
The Current S2e Guideline for Hallux valgus – Evidence-based Guideline Development Using Meta-analysis
Authors: Waizy Hazibullah , Panahi Babak , Dohle Jörn , Stukenborg-Colsman Christina 
Published: July 2018

ZusammenfassungDie Hallux-valgus-Fehlstellung ist unbehandelt meist als progrediente Deformität anzusehen. Sie führt jedoch nicht zwangsläufig zu Schmerzen und Leidensdruck bei den Patienten. Prävention primär: Fußgerechtes Schuhwerk sowohl zur Vermeidung von Druckstellen als auch zur Vermeidung einer forcierten Progredienz der Pathologie. Funktionelle Stabilisierung des Fußes mittels Gymnastik oder physiotherapeutischer Anleitung. Prävention sekundär: Orthesenversorgung und/oder Einlagenversorgung zur Verbesserung der funktionellen Stabilisierung. Prävention tertiär: Die konsequente adaptierte postoperative Nachbehandlung, die sich an den operativen Maßnahmen orientiert. Die Indikation zur Einleitung einer therapeutischen Maßnahme beim Hallux valgus ist abhängig vom Leidensdruck des Patienten, Alter und Vorliegen einer Arthrose im Großzehengrundgelenk. Weitere patientenspezifische Pathologien können die Einleitung einer Therapie ebenfalls beeinflussen. In der 1. Stufe der ambulanten Therapie stehen die Beratung und Physiotherapie im Vordergrund, additiv Analgetika oder antiphlogistische Maßnahmen. Manuelle Therapien, physiotherapeutische Maßnahmen, Orthesen oder orthopädietechnische Maßnahmen sind in Anbetracht der bestehenden Pathologie und des Leidensdruckes anzuwenden. In der Stufe 2 der ambulanten bzw. stationären therapeutischen Maßnahmen ist beim symptomatischen Hallux valgus die operative Therapie indiziert. Die operative Therapie sollte sich dabei sowohl am Schweregrad der Pathologie als auch an den postoperativen Mobilisationsmöglichkeiten des Patienten und weiteren patientenspezifischen Kriterien orientieren.
„Reha vor Pflege“ – zur Problematik einer undeutlichen gesundheitspolitischen Regelstrategie – ein Positionspapier
Authors: Zerth Jürgen , Wasem Jürgen , Matusiewicz David 
Published: July 2018

ZusammenfassungDas Prinzip „Reha vor Pflege“ lässt sich als Schwesterprinzip zu „ambulant vor stationär“ verstehen. Gleichwohl weisen die Zahlen aus den Routinedaten als auch
die Erfahrungen der Akteure darauf hin, dass das Prinzip nur unzureichend umgesetzt wird. Diese Frage aufgreifend hat sich ein interdisziplinärer Autorenkreis
zusammengetan, um auszuloten, welche Bedeutung in der realen Versorgung das Prinzip „Reha vor Pflege“ haben kann und welche Implikationen für eine
gesundheitspolitische Weiterentwicklung daraus abzuleiten wären. Diese Ergebnisse dieses Workshops sind im nachfolgenden Papier dargelegt.
Ex-Vivo and In-Vitro Evidence that Low Molecular Weight Heparins Exhibit Less Binding to Plasma Proteins than Unfractionated Heparin
Authors: Young Edward , Wells Philip , Holloway Scott , Weitz Jeffrey , Hirsh Jack 
Published: July 2018

SummaryWe have compared the non-specific binding of unfractionated heparin (UFH) with that of low molecular weight heparin (LMWFl) to plasma proteins both ex vivo and in vitro. Non specific binding to plas ma proteins was assessed by comparing the heparin levels measured as anti-factor Xa activity before and after the addition of low affinity heparin, which is essentially devoid of anti-factor Xa activity, in order to displace heparin bound to plasma proteins. For the ex-vivo studies, we compared the recovery of UFH and a LMWH (ardeparin) from the plasma of patients participating in a randomized trial of post operative venous thrombosis prophylaxis. For the in-vitro studies, we compared the recovery of UFH and 4 different LMWHs when added to the plasma from healthy volunteers and from patients with suspected venous thromboembolic disease. The results indicate that the recovery of LMWH is much less affected by nonspecific binding to plasma proteins both ex-vivo and in-vitro. In addition, there are differences between the LMWHs with respect to their plasma protein-binding.
Rabbit Plasma, unlike Its Human Counterpart, Contains no Complex between Protein S and C4b-Binding Protein
Authors: He Xuhua , Dahlbäck Björn 
Published: July 2018

SummaryIn human plasma, the anticoagulant vitamin K-dependent protein S exists in two molecular forms, as free protein and complexed to C4b- binding protein (C4BP), a complement regulatory protein. It has been suggested that rabbit plasma also contains two forms of protein S and that the interaction between protein S and C4BP m rabbits can be modulated by synthetic peptides corresponding to a sequence (residues 605-614) in the carboxy-lerminal part of protein S. In this report, we provide itsulls which challenge the conclusion that rabbit plasma contains the complexed form of protein S. The two forms of protein S in human plasma were separated by gel filtration chromatography on Sephacryl S-300 and the presence of protein S in the various fractions analyzed by Western blotting using a monoclonal antibody (HPS 21) directed against the γ-carboxyglutamic acid rich module of human protein S. This antibody, which was found to cross-react with rabbit protein S on Western blotting, was used in affinity purification of protein S from rabbit plasma as well as of recombinant rabbit protein S. HPS 21 specifically recognized protein S in rabbit plasma and did not cross-react with the other vitamin K-depeudenl plasma proteins. To elucidate whether rabbit plasma contained two forms of protein S, rabbit plasma was subjected to gelfiltration chromatography followed by Western blotting of the fractions with monoclonal antibody HPS 21. Protein S was found only in fractions eluting at a position corresponding to that of free protein S. A radiolabelled trace amount of recombinant rabbit protein S added to rabbit plasma chromatographed as free protein S and no high molecular weight form corresponding to a C4BP-protein S complex was detected. Rabbit protein S had the capacity to bind human C4BP and the addition of human C4BP to rabbit plasma changed the elution profile, of rabbit plasma protein S. After the addition of human C4BP, rabbit plasma protein S quantitatively eluted as a high molecular weight complex, suggesting that all the protein S in rabbit plasma was bound to human C4BP. The anticoagulant activity of human protein S is modulated by the complex formation with C4BP. Our results demonstrate that this function of C4BP and the protein S-C4BP complex formation has not been conserved throughout the evolution even though protein S has a preserved C4BP binding site.
Phospholipid-Specific Conformational Changes in Human Prothrombin upon Binding to Procoagulant Acidic Lipid Membranes
Authors: Wu Jogin R , Lentz Barry R 
Published: July 2018

SummaryThis paper provides evidence to demonstrate that human prothrombin undergoes conformational changes upon binding to procoagulant membranes specifically containing phosphatidylserine (PS). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to show a slight increase in ordered (α-helix, β-sheet, β-turns) secondary structure upon binding to PS-containing membranes. Thermograms representing prothrombin and prothrombin fragment 1 denaturation were obtained using differential scanning calorimetry. These were analyzed and interpreted in terms of changes in prothrombin domain organization associated with binding to PS-containing membranes. Changes in either secondary structure or domain organization upon binding to negatively-charged phosphatidylglycerol-containing membranes were, if they occurred at all, much less dramatic. The results paralleled results obtained previously with bovine prothrombin (1, 2). The implications of these results in terms of a possible molecular mechanism for the cofactor-like role of platelet membrane vesicles in prothrombin activation are discussed.
Scanning Electron Microscopic and Electrophoretic Studies on Clotting Factor Adsorbents
Authors: Deacon S. L. M , Howell R. M 
Published: July 2018

SummaryPhysical studies carried out on a range of protein and clotting factor adsorbents revealed marked morphological and charge differences. Their appearance in the scanning electron microscope could be used to classify the insoluble precipitates, calcium phosphate, barium sulphate and citrate, as either amorphorous or crystalline.Surface charge is difficult to define but the present studies on the sparingly-soluble salts, based on calcium and barium, have revealed that they can be subdivided on the basis of the presence or absence of a charge reversal point in the pH-mobility curve. The anion component appeared to determine this characteristic; it was noted that phosphate and citrate ions had a marked effect and gave a biased negative potential at all pH values. We concluded that where a divalent cation is cohabiting with a trivalent anion, the greater potential-determining ability of the latter will dominate the overall charge at the surface of a particle, even below pH7 and the absence of a positive potential gives a monophasic pH-mobility curve.Differences in both the physical appearance and electrophoretic mobility of the adsorbents studied reflect the wide variation in their chemical composition, especially among the various forms of calcium phosphate which, unlike barium sulphate, can include substituted ions such as hydroxyl, in their crystal lattice. The definition of these characteristics allows their behaviour towards clotting factors to be more easily predicted.
Effects of Fasting on Plasma and Platelet-Free Fatty Acids and Platelet Function in Healthy Males
Authors: Gjesdal Knut , Nordøy Arne , Wang Harald , Berntsen Harald , Mjøs Ole D. 
Published: July 2018

Summary10 healthy male volunteers fasted for 72 hours. Their plasma concentration of free fatty acid increased more than two-fold, to 1.8 mmol/1. The number of reversible venous “in vivo” platelet aggregates increased significantly (p <0.01); this figure correlated with the concentration of long-chain saturated free fatty acid in plasma (p <0.02). The correlation with the amount of long-chain saturated free fatty acid plus oleic acid (18:1) was even better (p <0.01). Plasma PF-4 concentration increased, suggesting increased platelet release reaction. In spite of the plasma increase, total platelet FFA concentration was reduced and there was a change in the distribution of platelet free fatty acid which correlated with the degree of aggregation.
Prevention of Deep Vein Thrombosis after Major Knee Surgery - A Randomized, Double-Blind Trial Comparing a Low Molecular Weight Heparin Fragment (Enoxaparin) to Placebo
Authors: Leclerc Jacques R , Geerts William H , Desjardins Louis , Jobin François , Laroche François , Delorme Fernand , Haviernick Sylvie , Atkinson Susan , Bourgouine Jean 
Published: July 2018

SummaryConsecutive patients undergoing knee arthroplasty or tibial osteotomy at four participating hospitals received either enoxaparin, 30 mg subcutaneously every 12 h (n = 66) or an identicalappearing placebo (n = 65). All study medications started the morning after the operation and were continued up to a maximum of 14 days. Patients underwent surveillance with 125I-fibrinogen leg scanning and impedance plethysmography. Bilateral contrast venography was performed routinely at Day 14 or at time of discharge, if sooner. Deep vein thrombosis was detected by venography in 35 of 54 patients (65%) in the placebo group and in 8 of 41 patients in the enoxaparin group (19%), a risk reduction of 71%, P <0.0001. For the entire study group, deep vein thrombosis was detected by either venography of non-invasive tests in 37 of 64 patients (58%) in the placebo group and in 11 of 65 patients (17%) in the enoxaparin group, a risk reduction of 71%, P <0.0001. Proximal vein thrombosis was found in 19% of the placebo patients and in none of the enoxaparin patients, a risk reduction of 100%, P <0.001. Bleeding complications occurred in 5 of 65 patients (8%) in the placebo group and in 4 of 66 patients (6%) in the enoxaparin group, P = 0.71. There were no differences in the amount of blood loss, minimum hemoglobin levels and number of units of packed red cells given between the two treatment groups. We conclude that a fixed dose regimen of enoxaparin, started post-operatively, is an effective and safe regimen for reducing the frequency of deep vein thrombosis after major knee surgery.
Lupus Anticoagulant Activity Is Frequently Dependent on the Presence of β2-Glycoprotein I
Authors: Oostin Janine D , Derksen Ronald H W M , Entjes H Tanja I , Bouma Bonno N , de Groot Philip G 
Published: July 2018

SummaryAntiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) are defined by anticardioli-pin antibody (aCL) ELISA and prolongation of phospholipid dependent coagulation assays (lupus anticoagulant; LAC). For the binding of aCL to cardiolipin a cofactor, β2-glycoprotein I (β2-GPI), is necessary. We have investigated whether the same cofactor is essential for LAC activity. Plasma from 6 LAC positive patients and 3 controls was depleted from β2-GPI by means of affinity chromatography. From the 6 LAC positive plasmas, 4 became LAC negative (tested with dRWT) when β2-GPI was depleted and became positive again when purified β2-GPI (200 μg/ml) was added. A dose response curve showed that addition of 50 μg/ml β2-GPI to β2-GPI deficient patient plasma, led to a positive dRWT. Depletion of, and addition of β2-GPI to plasma from controls had no effect on the dRWT. Measurement of β2-GPI plasma levels in 19 LAC positive patients, 40 LAC negative patients and 15 controls showed no difference in β2-GPI levels.These results show that a combination of aPL and β2-GPI is essential not only for binding to cardiolipin, but also for LAC activity and imply that low β2-GPI levels (<50 μg/ml) can lead to false negative LAC tests. These observations may lead to new insights in the pathophysiological complications associated with aPL.
A Randomized and Blinded Comparison of Three Bleeding Time Techniques: the Ivy Method, and the Simplate II® Method in Two Directions
Authors: Šrámek R , Šrámek A , Koster T , Briët E , Rosendaat F R 
Published: July 2018

SummaryWe compared the Ivy bleeding time method and two alternatives of the Simplate II® method (incisions in horizontal and vertical direction) with each other, with regard to the sensitivity, the specificity, the costs and the burden for the patient. In the aspirin study an aspirin-induced bleeding defect was used. Seventy-two healthy volunteers were randomized to receive either 500 mg acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) or a placebo. Double blinding was maintained throughout the study. In the anticoagulation study 62 patients participated, who received oral anticoagulants (OAC) for various reasons. All participants received two bleeding time methods. The burden for the participants of each method was screened by a small standard questionnaire.The differences in sensitivity and specificity between the three methods proved minimal. The Ivy method was more often preferred by the participants than the Simplate methods.Since a choice on the basis of sensitivity and specificity appears not possible, we prefer the Ivy method because of lower costs and less burden.