bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Particle-in-cell Simulations of the Whistler Heat-flux Instability in Solar Wind Conditions
Authors: López R. A. , Shaaban S. M. , Lazar M. , Poedts S. , Yoon P. H. , Micera A. , Lapenta G. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
In collision-poor plasmas from space, e.g., solar wind or stellar outflows, the heat flux carried by the strahl or beaming electrons is expected to be regulated by the self-generated instabilities. Recently, simultaneous field and particle observations have indeed revealed enhanced whistler-like fluctuations in the presence of counter-beaming populations of electrons, connecting these fluctuations to the whistler heat-flux instability (WHFI). This instability is predicted only for limited conditions of electron beam-plasmas, and has not yet been captured in numerical simulations. In this Letter we report the first simulations of WHFI in particle-in-cell setups, realistic for the solar wind conditions, and without temperature gradients or anisotropies to trigger the instability in the initiation phase. The velocity distributions have a complex reaction to the enhanced whistler fluctuations conditioning the instability saturation by a decrease of the relative drifts combined with induced (effective) temperature anisotropies (heating the core electrons and pitch-angle and energy scattering the strahl). These results are in good agreement with a recent quasilinear approach, and support therefore a largely accepted belief that WHFI saturates at moderate amplitudes. In the anti-sunward direction the strahl becomes skewed with a pitch-angle distribution decreasing in width as electron energy increases, which seems to be characteristic of self-generated whistlers and not to small-scale turbulence.
Prospective long-term study of patency and outcomes of 505 arteriovenous fistulas in patients with chronic renal failure: Authors experience and review of literature
Authors: Sahasrabudhe Parag , Dighe Tushar , Panse Nikhil , Deshpande Shraddha , jadhav Amit , Londhe Sheetal 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT
Background: This study describes our experience of arteriovenous fistula (AVF) creation as vascular access for haemodialysis. Materials and Methods: This study has been carried out in our hospital from January 2004 to December 2012. A total of 505 AVFs were created in 443 patients. Maximum follow-up was 8 years, and minimum was 6 months. Observations and Results: In this study of 505 cases of AVFs, primary patency rates by Kaplan — Meier analysis showed 78.81% patency of fistulas at the end of 1 year and patency dropped to 14.81% at the end of 5 years. Our primary failure rate was 21.2%. Basilic vein was used in 26.35% cases, cephalic vein in 63.5%, and antecubital vein in 9.75% cases. On table, bruit was present in 459 (90.9%) and thrill in 451 (89.3%) cases. During dialysis, flow rate >250 ml/min was obtained in 150 (29.9%) cases. In complications, 2 (0.4%) patients developed distal oedema, 33 (6.5%) developed steal phenomenon. Conclusions: Presence of on table thrill and bruit are indicators of successful AVF. If vein diameter is <2 mm, chances of AVF failure are high. Flow rates in patients with vein diam. >2 mm were significantly higher as compared with patients with vein diam. <2 mm (P < 0.001). Flow rates are higher in non-diabetic patients as compared to diabetic patients (P < 0.001). Average blood urea and serum creatinine values are significantly lesser in patients undergoing dialysis through successful fistulas as compared to patients with failed fistulas. Correspondingly, incidence of deaths is significantly lesser in patients with successful fistulas. During proximal side-to-side fistula between antecubital/basilic vein and brachial artery, dilating of the first valve toward wrist helps to develop distal veins in the forearm by retrograde flow. This technique avoids requirement of superficialization of basilic vein in the arm.
Avulsion amputation of the ring finger managed by double cross finger flap: 25 years follow-up
Authors: Gopalakrishna Annavarapu 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTAvulsion amputation of the fingers are rare. Current trend is to replant the avulsed tissue in spite of a high rate of failure. There are situations where replantation is not possible. Various salvage procedures have been mentioned. The author is presenting a 25 year follow up of a double cross finger flap done in 1987. A similar procedure has been reported by other authors but with a short term follow up.
Severe iatrogenic nostril stenosis
Authors: Ebrahimi Ali , Shams Amin 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTNostril stenosis (narrowing of the nasal inlet) is an uncommon deformity which results in aesthetic and breathing discomfort in patients. The literature review shows that trauma, infection, iatrogenic insults and congenital lesions are major causes of stenosis. Nowadays, rhinoplasty is one of most popular aesthetic surgeries which may have complications such as bleeding, swelling, bruising, asymmetry, obstruction of nasal airways. We present a 30-year-old female patient, who complained about breathing and aesthetic difficulties due to external nasal valve obstruction and nasal deformity. Past medical history showed that the patient had undergone three unsuccessful rhinoplasty surgeries with aesthetic goals.
Completeness of death registration in the Civil Registration System, India (2005 to 2015)
Authors: Kumar G. Anil , Dandona Lalit , Dandona Rakhi 
Published: September 2019

Background & objectives:
In many developing countries including India, the civil registration data are incomplete, inadequate and not timely, therefore, compromising the usefulness of these data. The completeness of registration of death (CoRD) in the Indian Civil Registration System (CRS) was assessed from 2005 to 2015 at State level to understand its current status and trends over time and also to identify gaps in data to improve CRS data quality.

Methods:
CoRD for each year for each State was calculated from the CRS reports for 2005-2015. Data were analyzed nationally by geographic region and individual State. The availability of CoRD by age group and sex was also reported.

Results:
About 40 per cent increase in CoRD was documented for India between 2005 and 2015, with CoRD of 76.6 per cent in 2015. CoRD was >90 per cent in the western and southern regions and the eastern, central and northeastern regions had CoRD lower than the Indian average in 2015. Among the 29 States, 16 (55.2%) State had CoRD >80 per cent and five (17.2%) <50 per cent and 10 States recorded 100 per cent CoRD. Despite the highest per cent increase during 2005-2015 (108.5%), CoRD in Uttar Pradesh was 44.2 per cent in 2015. Varying levels of progress in 2015 were seen between the State with similar CoRD estimates in 2015. Nagaland (−63.3%), Manipur (−33.1%) and Tripura (−30.3%) were the only States that documented a decrease in CoRD during 2005-2015. The age non-availability for India ranged from 37.0 per cent in 2009 to 37.9 per cent in 2015, an average of 41.5 per cent over the seven years and was an average of 35.6 and 36.6 per cent for males and females, respectively. Age was available for all registered deaths only in five (17.2%) of the 29 States in 2009 and four (13.8%) in 2015. Sex non-availability for the recorded deaths was much lower as compared with that for age.

Interpretation & conclusions:
Despite the significant progress made in CoRD in India, critical differences between the States within the CRS remain, with poor availability of reporting by age and sex. Concentrated efforts to assess the strengths and weaknesses at the State level of the CRS processes, quality of data and plausibility of information generated are needed in India.
Maximal Operator for the Higher Order Calderón Commutator
Authors: Lai Xudong 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIn this paper, we investigate the weighted multilinear boundedness properties of the maximal higher order Calderón commutator for the dimensions larger than two. We establish all weighted multilinear estimates on the product of the$L^{p}(\mathbb{R}^{d},w)$space, including some peculiar endpoint estimates of the higher dimensional Calderón commutator.
The effect of house prices on fertility: evidence from Canada
Authors: Clark Jeremy , Ferrer Ana 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Persistent house price increases are a likely candidate for consideration in fertility decisions. Theoretically, higher housing prices will cause renters to desire fewer additional children, but home owners to desire more children if they already have sufficient housing and low substitution between children and other “goods”, and fewer children otherwise. In this paper, the authors combine longitudinal data from the Canadian Survey of Labour Income and Dynamics (SLID) and averaged housing price data from the Canadian Real Estate Association to estimate the effect of housing prices on fertility in a housing market that has historically been less volatile and more conservative than its American counterpart has. They ask whether changes in lagged housing price affect the marginal fertility of homeowner and renter women aged 18–45. They present results both excluding and including those who move outside their initial real estate board area, using initial area housing prices as an instrument in the latter case. For homeowners, but not renters, the authors predominantly find evidence that lagged housing prices have a positive effect on marginal fertility and possibly on completed fertility. These pro-natal effects are confined to non-movers.
Arable soil formation and erosion: a hillslope-based cosmogenic nuclide study in the United Kingdom
Authors: Evans Daniel L. , Quinton John N. , Tye Andrew M. , Rodés Ángel , Davies Jessica A. C. , Mudd Simon M. , Quine Timothy A. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract. Arable soils are critical resources that support multiple ecosystem
services. They are frequently threatened, however, by accelerated erosion.
Subsequently, policy to ensure their long-term security is an urgent
societal priority. Although their long-term security relies upon a balance between
the rates of soil loss and formation, there have been few investigations of
the formation rates of soils supporting arable agriculture. This paper
addresses this knowledge gap by presenting the first
isotopically constrained soil formation rates for an arable
(Nottinghamshire, UK) and coniferous woodland hillslope (Shropshire, UK).
Rates ranged from 0.026 to 0.096 mm yr−1 across the
two sites. These rates fall within the range of previously published rates
for soils in temperate climates and on sandstone lithologies but
significantly differed from those measured in the only other UK-based study.
We suggest this is due to the parent material at our sites being more
susceptible to weathering. Furthermore, soil formation rates were found to
be greatest for aeolian-derived sandstone when compared with
fluvially derived lithology raising questions about the extent to which the
petrographic composition of the parent material governs rates of soil
formation. On the hillslope currently supporting arable agriculture, we
utilized cosmogenically derived rates of soil formation and erosion in a
first-order lifespan model and found, in a worst-case scenario, that the
backslope A horizon could be eroded in 138 years with bedrock exposure
occurring in 212 years under the current management regime. These findings
represent the first quantitative estimate of cultivated soil lifespans in the UK.
Musical Humility: An Ethnographic Case Study of a Competitive High School Jazz Band
Authors: Coppola William J. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
For this research, I utilized an ethnographic case study to examine the role of humility within a competitive high school jazz band in the western United States. The current study draws from recent humility research stemming from the field of positive psychology and offers an initial understanding of these perspectives in music education. From this research, a 5-component definition of humility particular to musical participation was established, resulting in an emergent construct presently referred to as musical humility: (a) purposeful musical engagement and collaboration, (b) lack of superiority, (c) acknowledgement of shortcomings and learnability, (d) other-orientedness, and (e) healthy pride. This initial step in musical humility research contributes to the growing ontology of “humilities” currently identified within social psychology, including general humility, intellectual humility, cultural humility, and others. Through this study, I posit that musical experiences rooted in humility enable the enhancement of both musical and social relationships, which serve to cultivate other-oriented and prosocial ways of being both within music participation and society more broadly.
The Effect of Professional Development on Music Teachers’ Improvisation and Composition Activities
Authors: Hickey Maud , Schmidt Casey 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Despite the recent emphasis for more improvisation and composition in kindergarten through 12th grade music classrooms, survey studies have shown these activities are still largely missing. Lack of confidence as well as lack of training are reasons teachers cite for not including creative activities in their classrooms. Professional development may serve as a primary way to support teachers in their creative experiences and enact instructional change. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a music improvisation and composition workshop on teachers’ perceptions and reported frequency of teaching music improvisation and composition in their music classes. Specifically, we examined the immediate and long-term effect on teachers’ perceptions and instructional activities of composition and improvisation in their classrooms following a multiday professional development workshop. Results showed significant improvement in teachers’ perception of and intention to implement these activities immediately after the workshop. However, teachers’ intended frequency of using both improvisation and composition activities following the workshop were higher than the reported application of these when they returned to their classrooms and surveyed 6 weeks, 6 months, and then 9 months after the workshop.
Genealogical Relationships Do Not Support Indirect Speciesism
Authors: Mund Josh 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
In this article, I will identify an argument for the conclusion that all human moral agents have stronger moral reasons regarding other human beings than they do regarding nonhuman animals, and I will explain why I think this argument is unsound. The argument employs an empirical claim, that all human beings are more closely genealogically related to all other humans than they are to any nonhuman animals, and a moral claim, that one’s genealogical relationship to an individual is a morally relevant consideration. The moral claim is supported by a comparison between genealogically related individuals and a family.
Eternal Mirroring: Charles Patterson’s Treatment of Animals and the Holocaust
Authors: Woodward Natalie 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
This article uses Michael Rothberg’s (2009) Multidirectional Memory: Remembering the Holocaust in the Age of Decolonization to question whether or not Charles Patterson (2002) is justified in his comparison of the Holocaust with animal cruelty in Eternal Treblinka: Our Treatment of Animals and the Holocaust. It considers whether the comparison adheres to a competitive model of ethics (animal cruelty is worse than the Holocaust because it is “eternal”) or a multidirectional model (there is an implicit connection between our treatment of humans and animals, which implies that the Holocaust is eternally mirrored in such acts of violence as animal cruelty).
Does In Vitro Meat Constitute Animal Liberation?
Authors: Poirier Nathan , Russell Joshua 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
There is a modern movement to grow artificial meat in laboratories in order to counter the ills of industrial animal agriculture. This article investigates whether lab-grown meat constitutes animal liberation by critically examining its proposed ethical superiority over traditional meat. These considerations are balanced with reflections on the ethical unknowns and shortcomings of the use of technology to solve human-caused problems. We examine a range of meanings attributed to “animal liberation” and consider how various forms of violence are potentially left unchallenged, with a particular focus on gender relations.
Indigenous and Colonial Physical Culture in Lethbridge: Sport, Contact, and Settlement on the Prairie Frontier
Authors: Kossuth Robert 
Published: September 2019

AbstractOn the prairie frontier at the turn of the twentieth century, sport represented one of the earliest social practices and sites of contact between migrant settlers and First Nations peoples. In Lethbridge, some of the first interactions between Indigenous peoples—primarily the Niitsitapi (Blackfoot)—and Euro-Canadians occurred during this period of community-building. Examining these points of exchange through understandings of contact and colonialism can disrupt existing narratives. The concept of intersectionality provides one means to assess historical relations between settlers and Indigenous peoples in the colonial-era Canadian west. Additionally, contact zones as spaces where disparate cultures interacted provide further insight into how some Indigenous athletes disrupted frontier identities attached to athletic prowess through horse racing, rodeo, and distance running. For these Indigenous athletes, the intersections where they existed often defined their sporting achievements, where the opportunity to compete revealed possibilities unavailable elsewhere in their daily lives.
Plenty of Food in “A World of Electric Light”: Unfulfilled Dreams of Technical Civilization in Cracow during World War I
Authors: Wood Nathaniel 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBased on official proclamations, diaries, police records, and occasional newspaper reports, this examination of Cracow during the First World War explores the effect of the war on modern systems and amenities such as mobility, sanitation, communication, entertainment, and the provision of food. It pays particular attention to attitudes toward new technologies such as automobiles and airplanes, which had exemplified the wondrous potential of modernity in the years before the war. The article argues that for citizens of a recently modernizing metropolis like Cracow, the war seemed only to interrupt, redirect, or pervert the workings of modern mechanized society. Despite the hope of one diarist that technologies such as airplanes or submarines, which were currently used to sow “death and destruction,” could be, after the war, redirected for positive commercial and civilian use, by the last years of the war prospects for traveling safely in them with plenty of food “in a world of electric light” seemed unrealistic. The war had cut off the flow of people and goods that characterized urban life before it; darkness, suffering, and food shortages had become the new reality. As other diarists put it, “animalism” and “banditry” seemed to have prevailed.
Inverse nodal problem for nonlocal differential operators
Authors: Xu Xin-Jian , Yang Chuan-Fu 
Published: September 2019

Inverse nodal problem consists in constructing operators from the given zeros of their eigenfunctions. The problem of differential operators with nonlocal boundary condition appears, e.g., in scattering theory, diffusion processes and the other applicable fields. In this paper, we consider a class of differential operators with nonlocal boundary condition, and show that the potential function can be determined by nodal data.
Efectos del programa CIPRES sobre el riesgo suicida en adolescentes
Authors: Bahamón Marly Johana , Alarcón-Vásquez Yolima , Trejos-Herrera Ana María , Vinaccia Alpi Stefano , Cabezas Andres , Sepúlveda Joaquín 
Published: September 2019

Abstract: Effects of the CIPRES program on suicidal risk in adolescents. The objective of the study was to evaluate the specific changes generated by the CIPRES program on suicidal risk in adolescents. The sample comprised 106 adolescents aged between 13 and 18 years old (53 in the experimental group, 53 in the control group), of which 54.7% were women (n = 58). The study used a quasi-experimental design of repeated pretest-posttest measures with a control group. Two assessment instruments were administered before and after the program: The Scale of the Suicide Risk (ERS) and the Inventory of Positive and Negative Suicidal Ideation (PANSI). The pretest-posttest ANCOVAs showed that the program significantly reduced (p < .05) the scores of suicidal ideation, planning, self-harm, isolation/social support, lack of family support, and global suicide risk. In addition, it significantly increased positive ideation scores. The results support the relevance of this program to reduce suicidal risk in adolescents.Keywords: CIPRES; suicide risk; adolescents; psychological intervention; quasi-experiment.Resumen: El estudio tuvo por objetivo evaluar los cambios específicos generados por el programa CIPRES sobre el riesgo suicida en adolescentes. La muestra se configuró con 106 adolescentes entre los 13 y 18 años (53 experimentales, 53 controles), de los cuales el 54.7% eran mujeres (n = 58). El estudio utilizó un diseño cuasi-experimental de medidas repetidas pretest-postest con grupo de control. Se administraron dos instrumentos de evaluación antes y después de la aplicación del programa: la Escala de Riesgo Suicida (ERS) y el Inventario de Ideación Suicida Positiva y Negativa (PANSI). Los ANCOVAs pretest-postest evidenciaron que el programa redujo significativamente (p < .05) las puntuaciones en ideación suicida, planificación, autolesión, aislamiento/soporte social, falta de apoyo familiar, y riesgo suicida global. Además, aumentó significativamente las puntuaciones en ideación positiva. Los resultados apuntan a la relevancia de este programa para reducir el riesgo suicida en adolescentes.Palabras clave: CIPRES; riesgo de suicidio; adolescentes; intervención psicológica; cuasiexperimento.
Evaluation of Postoperative Pain After Using Different File Systems: A Randomized Clinical Study
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Olcay , HAZAR Ecehan , KOÇAK Mustafa Murat , KOÇAK Sibel , SAĞLAM Baran Can 
Published: September 2019

Objectives: This study evaluated the effect of instrumentation techniques on the postoperative pain after single-visit root canal treatment. Materials and Methods: Sixty patients having an indication of endodontic treatment were included. Only single rooted teeth were selected The patients were randomly divided into 2 groups. In group 1; the root canals were instrumented using ProTaper Next instruments with rotational motion, in group 2 TF Adaptive instruments with adaptive motion were used during instrumentation. Treatments were completed in a single appointment. Postoperative pain questionnaires were scored by patients using a four-point pain intensity scale for 12, 24, and 48 hours. Mann Whitney-U, Friedman and Wilcoxon tests were used for analyzing the final data. Results: The comparison of time intervals between groups demonstrated no difference between both groups (p&gt;.05). In both groups, the postoperative pain values of 12h time period were significantly higher than both other periods, and significant difference was found between 24h and 48h time periods (p&lt;0.05). The postoperative pain values of 48h time period were significantly lower than the other two time periods (p&lt;0.05). Conclusions: Both instrumentation techniques caused postoperative pain. The pain scores indicated that both techniques caused limited discomfort associated with slight pain which did not require any additional treatment and medication.