bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Glutathione S‐transferase omega 1 inhibition activates JNK‐mediated apoptotic response in breast cancer stem cells
Authors: Manupati Kanakaraju , Debnath Sudhan , Goswami Kalyan , Bhoj Priyanka S. , Chandak Hemant S. , Bahekar Sandeep P. , Das Amitava 
Published: March 2019

Glutathione S‐transferase omega 1 (GSTO1) contributes to the inactivation of a wide range of drug compounds via conjugation to glutathione during phase reactions. Chemotherapy‐induced GSTO1 expression in breast cancer cells leads to chemoresistance and promotes metastasis. In search of novel GSTO1 inhibitors, we identified S2E, a thia‐Michael adduct of sulfonamide chalcone with low LC50 (3.75 ± 0.73 μm) that binds to the active site of GSTO1, as revealed by molecular docking (glide score: −8.1), cellular thermal shift assay and fluorescence quenching assay (Kb ≈ 10 × 105 mol·L−1). Docking studies confirmed molecular interactions between GSTO1 and S2E, and identified the hydrogen bond donor Val‐72 (2.14 Å) and hydrogen bond acceptor Ser‐86 (2.77 Å). Best pharmacophore hypotheses could effectively map S2E and identified the 4‐methyl group of the benzene sulfonamide ring as crucial to its anti‐cancer activity. Lack of a thiophenyl group in another analog, 2e, reduced its efficacy as observed by cytotoxicity and pharmacophore matching. Furthermore, GSTO1 inhibition by S2E, along with tamoxifen, led to a significant increase in apoptosis and decreased migration of aggressive MDA‐MB‐231 cells, as well as significantly decreased migration, invasion and mammosphere formation in sorted breast cancer stem cells (CSCs, CD24−/CD44+). GSTO1 silencing in breast CSCs also significantly increased apoptosis and decreased migration. Mechanistically, GSTO1 inhibition activated the c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase stress kinase, inducing a mitochondrial apoptosis signaling pathway in breast CSCs via the pro‐apoptotic proteins BAX, cytochrome c and cleaved caspase 3. Our study elucidated the role of the GSTO1 inhibitor S2E as a potential therapeutic strategy for preventing chemotherapy‐induced breast CSC‐mediated cancer metastasis and recurrence.
Multiscale carbon fibre–reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites containing carbon nanotubes with tailored interfaces
Authors: Santos Raquel M. , Vale Diogo , Rocha Jéssica , Martins Carla , Mould Sacha T. , Rocha Nuno 
Published: March 2019

AbstractPristine and functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with tailored interfaces were efficiently dispersed in an epoxy matrix using a three‐roll mill and further reinforced with carbon fibres. 1.3‐Dipolar cycloaddition of azomethine ylides was used for the chemical modification of MWCNTs by a solvent‐free approach. The influence of different loadings and types of MWCNTs on the final properties of the epoxy matrix was studied. Moreover, the most promising formulations were selected for manufacturing of prepreg sheets. The transversal tensile properties and the interlaminar fracture toughness under mode I loading (GIC) of multiscale carbon fibre–reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites were characterized. The results point out that it is not straightforward to transfer the remarkable intrinsic properties of MWCNTs to the composite level, although an overall positive trend was found. Double cantilever beam experiments showed that GIC of CFRP composites was improved 44% at ultralow content of functionalized MWCNTs (0.043 wt%).
An investigation into the effects of increasing salinity on photosynthesis in freshwater unicellular cyanobacteria during the late Archaean
Authors: Herrmann Achim J. , Gehringer Michelle M. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe oldest species of bacteria capable of oxygenic photosynthesis today are the freshwater Cyanobacteria Gloeobacter spp., belonging to the class Oxyphotobacteria. Several modern molecular evolutionary studies support the freshwater origin of cyanobacteria during the Archaean and their subsequent acquisition of salt tolerance mechanisms necessary for their expansion into the marine environment. This study investigated the effect of a sudden washout event from a freshwater location into either a brackish or marine environment on the photosynthetic efficiency of two unicellular freshwater cyanobacteria: the salt‐tolerant Chroococcidiopsis thermalis PCC7203 and the cyanobacterial phylogenetic root species, Gloeobacter violaceus PCC7421. Strains were cultured under present atmospheric levels (PAL) of CO2 or an atmosphere containing elevated levels of CO2 and reduced O2 (eCO2rO2) in simulated shallow water or terrestrial environmental conditions. Both strains exhibited a reduction in growth rates and gross photosynthesis, accompanied by significant reductions in chlorophyll a content, in brackish water, with only C. thermalis able to grow at marine salinity levels. While the experimental atmosphere caused a significant increase in gross photosynthesis rates in both strains, it did not increase their growth rates, nor the amount of O2 released. The differences in growth responses to increasing salinities could be attributed to genetic differences, with C. thermalis carrying additional genes for trehalose synthesis. This study demonstrates that, if cyanobacteria did evolve in a freshwater environment, they would have been capable of withstanding a sudden washout into increasingly saline environments. Both C. thermalis and G. violaceus continued to grow and photosynthesise, albeit at diminished rates, in brackish water, thereby providing a route for the evolution of open ocean‐dwelling strains, necessary for the oxygenation of the Earth's atmosphere.
Metronidazole for Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy among children and adolescents in Japan: Overcoming controversies and concerns
Authors: Okuda Masumi , Lin Yingsong , Wang Chaochen , Kakiuchi Toshihiko , Kikuchi Shogo 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundMetronidazole is an antiprotozoal drug used to treat a broad spectrum of infectious diseases, including Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) infections. In Japan, metronidazole is approved for the eradication therapy of H pylori as a second‐line regimen among adults, but it has not yet been approved for use among children and adolescents.Materials and MethodsTo perform this narrative review, we searched the relevant literature on important events in the history of the use of metronidazole, its mechanisms of action, its efficacy, and the adverse effects reported in clinical trials or cohort studies in Japan.ResultsAt present, metronidazole resistance has not been a serious issue in Japan in large part due to its restricted use. Emerging evidence from randomized controlled trials demonstrates higher eradication rates for metronidazole than for clarithromycin, supporting its use in both first‐line and second‐line eradication therapies. Among the reported adverse effects, there has been lingering concern over the potential carcinogenicity of metronidazole in humans. However, the possibility of an increased cancer risk is not limited to metronidazole; the long‐term use of antibiotics has been linked to increased risk for some site‐specific cancers. However, recent prospective studies have suggested that short‐term exposure to antibiotics is not associated with an increased cancer risk.ConclusionSensible use of metronidazole backed by research evidence could maximize the benefits associated with H pylori eradication in Japan.
Reconstruction of the eruptive history of Usu volcano, Hokkaido, Japan, inferred from petrological correlation between tephras and dome lavas
Authors: Matsumoto Akiko , Nakagawa Mitsuhiro 
Published: March 2019

AbstractUsu volcano has erupted nine times since 1663. Most eruptive events started with an explosive eruption, which was followed by the formation of lava domes. However, the ages of several summit lava domes and craters remain uncertain. The petrological features of tephra deposits erupted from 1663 to 1853 are known to change systematically. In this study, we correlated lavas with tephras under the assumption that lava and tephra samples from the same event would have similar petrological features. Although the initial explosive eruption in 1663 was not accompanied by lava effusion, lava dome or cryptodome formation was associated with subsequent explosive eruptions. We inferred the location of the vent associated with each event from the location of the associated lava dome and the pyroclastic flow deposit distribution and found that the position of the active vent within the summit caldera differed for each eruption from the late 17th through the 19th century. Moreover, we identified a previously unrecognized lava dome produced by a late 17th century eruption; this dome was largely destroyed by an explosive eruption in 1822 and was replaced by a new lava dome during a later stage of the 1822 event at nearly the same place as the destroyed dome. This new interpretation of the sequence of events is consistent with historical sketches and documents. Our results show that petrological correlation, together with geological evidence, is useful not only for reconstructing volcanic eruption sequences but also for gaining insight into future potential disasters.
‘Just 17 if you know what I mean’ … but what do we really mean to say about Th17 immunity?
Authors: Altmann Daniel M. 
Published: March 2019

Summary
Th17‐derived IL‐17 might be considered the archetypal pro‐inflammatory cytokine of adaptive immunity, to be targeted by new therapeutics for alleviation of autoimmune and inflammatory disease. However, the IL‐17 family of cytokines is produced by diverse innate and adaptive cells, including Th17, Tc17, ILC3, NK cells and γδ T‐cells. These responses are appreciated to underpin diverse aspects of protective, physiological immunity, from dialogue with the gut microbiota to bacterial and fungal immunity in the lung.
Work–life policies and female faculty representation in US doctoral‐granting economics departments
Authors: Juraqulova Zarrina H. , McCluskey Jill J. , Mittelhammer Ron C. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThis article examines the relationships between work–life policies and female faculty representation and promotion at US doctoral‐granting economics departments. The data were collected in 2012 on tenure‐track and tenured full‐time faculty from 125 departments and updated in 2018 to include promotion status. Variables include individuals and their educational backgrounds, professional experience and publications. Only publications and experience are statistically significant for predicting academic rank for the female subsample, and the impact of publications is much larger for women compared with men. Work–life policies differ in explaining the representation of women across academic ranks. Dual‐career policies have a positive effect on female representation at the assistant and associate levels but do not have a statistically significant impact at the full professor level. National Science Foundation ADVANCE grantee universities have increased female representation across all ranks, but the effect is the smallest at the full professor level. Work–life policies are insignificant in predicting promotion.
Improving complex SMT strategies with learning
Authors: Gálvez Ramírez Nicolás , Monfroy Eric , Saubion Frédéric , Castro Carlos 
Published: March 2019

AbstractSatisfiability modulo theory (SMT) solving strategies are composed of various components and parameters that can dramatically affect the performance of an SMT solver. Each of these elements includes a huge amount of options that cannot be exploited without expert knowledge. In this work, we analyze separately the different strategy components of the Z3 theorem prover, which is one of the most important solvers of the SMT community. We propose some rules for modifying components, parameters, and structures of solving strategies. Using these rules inside different engines leads to an automated strategy learning process which does not require any end‐user expert knowledge to generate optimized strategies. Our algorithms and rules are validated by optimizing some solving strategies for some selected SMT logics. These strategies are then tested for solving some SMT library benchmarks issued from the SMT competitions. The strategies we automatically generated turn out to be very efficient.
Anti‐cancer targets of formononetin and molecular mechanisms in osteosarcoma: Findings of bioinformatic and experimental assays
Authors: Hu Wei , Wu Xianpei , Tang Jiandong , Zhao Guoping , Xiao Niansu , Zhang Li , Li Sen 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIn current study, a bioinformatic‐based network pharmacology was used to identify the osteosarcoma (OGS)‐pathological targets and formononetin (FN)‐treated targets before the main core predictive biotargets were screened. In addition, all core targets were selected through a number of bioinformatic databases, followed by identification of predominant biological processes and signalling pathways of FN anti‐OGS. Further, top three core targets of FN anti‐OGS were determined as oestrogen receptor 1 (ESR1), tumour protein p53 (TP53), receptor tyrosine‐protein kinase erbB‐2 (ERBB2) respectively. In clinical biochemical data, the plasma samples of OGS showed the increased trends of alkaline phosphatase, triglyceride, blood glucose, lactate dehydrogenase, high‐sensitive C‐reactive protein and some immune cell counts when referenced to medical criteria. In clinicopathological examination, histological OGS sections resulted in increased positive cell counts of neoplastic ESR1, TP53, ERBB2. To further validate these corn proteins in experimental study in vivo, FN‐treated tumour‐bearing nude mice showed intracellular reductions of ESR1, TP53, ERBB2 positive expressions, accompanied with visibly reduced tumour weights. Collectively, our bioinformatic and experimental findings disclosed main core targets, biological processes and signalling pathways of FN anti‐OGS. Interestingly, the top core targets were representatively validated following FN treatment in vivo. Therefore, we reasoned that these predictive targets might be the potential biomarkers for screening and treating osteosarcoma.
Naftopidil reduced the proliferation of lung fibroblasts and bleomycin‐induced lung fibrosis in mice
Authors: Urushiyama Hirokazu , Terasaki Yasuhiro , Nagasaka Shinya , Kokuho Nariaki , Endo Youko , Terasaki Mika , Kunugi Shinobu , Makita Kosuke , Isago Hideaki , Hosoki Keisuke , Souma Kunihiko , Ishii Takashi , Matsuzaki Hirotaka , Hiraishi Yoshihisa , Mikami Yu , Noguchi Satoshi , Tamiya Hiroyuki , Mitani Akihisa , Yamauchi Yasuhiro , Shimizu Akira , Nagase Takahide 
Published: March 2019

AbstractNaftopidil, an α‐1 adrenoceptor antagonist with few adverse effects, is prescribed for prostate hyperplasia. Naftopidil inhibits prostate fibroblast proliferation; however, its effects on lung fibroblasts and fibrosis remain largely unknown. Two normal and one idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis human lung fibroblast lines were cultured with various naftopidil concentrations with or without phenoxybenzamine, an irreversible α‐1 adrenoceptor inhibitor. We examined the incorporation of 5‐bromo‐2ʹ‐deoxyuridine into DNA and lactic acid dehydrogenase release by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, cell cycle analysis by flow cytometry, scratch wound‐healing assay, and mRNA expressions of type IV collagen and α‐smooth muscle actin by polymerase chain reaction. Effects of naftopidil on bleomycin‐induced lung fibrosis in mice were evaluated using histology, micro‐computed tomography, and surfactant protein‐D levels in serum. Naftopidil, dose‐dependently but independently of phenoxybenzamine, inhibited 5‐bromo‐2ʹ‐deoxyuridine incorporation in lung fibroblasts. Naftopidil induced G1 cell cycle arrest, but lactic acid dehydrogenase release and migration ability of lung fibroblasts were unaffected. Naftopidil decreased mRNA expressions of type IV collagen and α‐smooth muscle actin in one normal lung fibroblast line. Histological and micro‐computed tomography examination revealed that naftopidil attenuated lung fibrosis and decreased serum surfactant protein‐D levels in bleomycin‐induced lung fibrosis in mice. In conclusion, naftopidil may have therapeutic effects on lung fibrosis.
First detection of spring viraemia of carp virus in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) affected by a septicaemic disease in Mexico
Authors: Ortega Cesar , Cañas‐Lopez Leticia , Irgang Rute , Fajardo Raúl , Poblete‐Morales Matías , Valladares-Carranza Benjamin , Tapia‐Cammas Diana , Avendaño‐Herrera Ruben 
Published: March 2019

AbstractSpring viraemia of carp (SVC) is an infectious disease responsible for severe economic losses for various cyprinid species, particularly common carp (Cyprinus carpio carpio). The causative agent is the SVC virus (SVCV), a member of the Sprivivirus genus, Rhabdoviridae family, and a List 1 pathogen notifiable by the World Organization for Animal Health. This study describes the diagnosis of an SVCV pathogen isolated in October 2015 from wild common carp inhabiting a natural lagoon in central Mexico. While neither an epidemic nor fish mortalities were reported, the collected killed specimens exhibited clinical signs of disease (e.g., exopthalmia, moderate abdominal distension and haemorrhaging, as well as internal haemorrhages and adhesions). Histological results of injuries were consistent with the pathology caused by SVCV. This finding was supported by the isolation of a virus in EPC and BF‐2 cells and subsequent RT‐PCR confirmation of SVCV. The phylogenetic analyses of partial SVCV glycoprotein gene sequences classified the isolates into the Ia genogroup. These findings make this the first report of SVCV detection in Mexico, extending the southern geographical range of SVCV within North America. However, since this pathogen was detected in fish inhabiting a natural body of water without tributaries or effluents, it is difficult to estimate the risk of SVCV for other wild/feral cohabitating cyprinid species in the lagoon. The status of this virus is also unknown for other bodies of water within this region.
Association of Chronic Periodontitis on Alzheimer's Disease or Vascular Dementia
Authors: Choi Seulggie , Kim Kyuwoong , Chang Jooyoung , Kim Sung Min , Kim Seon Jip , Cho Hyun‐Jae , Park Sang Min 
Published: March 2019

OBJECTIVESAlthough chronic periodontitis has been associated with Alzheimer's disease, the effect of chronic periodontitis on vascular dementia as well as the role of lifestyle behaviors such as smoking, alcohol consumption, and physical activity in this association are still unclear.DESIGNRetrospective cohort study.SETTINGPopulation based.PARTICIPANTSThe study population was derived from the Korean National Health Insurance Service‐Health Screening Cohort. Among 262 349 participants, diagnosis of chronic periodontitis was determined during 2003‐2004.MEASUREMENTSStarting from 2005, participants were followed up for overall dementia, Alzheimer's disease, and vascular dementia until 2015. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to determine the adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of dementia according to chronic periodontitis.RESULTSCompared with nonchronic periodontitis participants, chronic periodontitis patients had elevated risk for overall dementia (aHR = 1.06; 95% CI = 1.01‐1.11) and Alzheimer's disease (aHR = 1.05; 95% CI = 1.00‐1.11). There was a tendency toward increased vascular dementia risk among chronic periodontitis patients (aHR = 1.10; 95% CI = 0.98‐1.22). The risk‐increasing effect of chronic periodontitis on dementia tended to be stronger among participants with healthy lifestyle behaviors including never‐smokers and those who exercised and did not consume alcohol.CONCLUSIONChronic periodontitis may be associated with a higher risk of developing dementia. Future studies that investigate whether preventing chronic periodontitis may lead to reduced risk of dementia are needed.
Understanding depression: the hippocampus might hold the answer in a CREB‐regulated transcription coactivator
Authors: Davis Randall L. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe pathophysiology of major depressive disorders is not completely understood. In this issue of Journal of Neurochemistry, Ni and colleagues investigate the role of cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element‐binding protein (CREB)‐dependent signaling in the hippocampus on depressive‐like behaviors. This editorial highlights the key findings reported by Ni et al., (2018) and how they demonstrated the importance of CREB‐regulated transcription cofactor 1 in LPS‐induced neuroinflammation and depressive‐like behaviors.
image
Endocrine Therapy–Related Symptoms and Quality of Life in Female Cancer Survivors in the Yale Fitness Intervention Trial
Authors: Park So‐Hyun , Tish Knobf M. , Jeon Sangchoon 
Published: March 2019

AbstractPurposeThe aim of the current study was to describe and compare endocrine therapy–related symptoms and quality of life in female cancer survivors taking aromatase inhibitors, tamoxifen, and no endocrine therapy, and to evaluate the effect of an exercise intervention on these symptoms and quality of life.DesignRandomized controlled trial. An aerobic resistance exercise intervention group was compared with a home‐based exercise control group over 1 year. The exercise intervention was supervised for the first 6 months, followed by 6 unsupervised months.MethodsPerimenopausal and early postmenopausal female cancer survivors within 3 years of completing primary or adjuvant chemotherapy were selected. A total of 154 women were enrolled in the study. Type of endocrine or hormonal therapy was documented. Symptoms were measured by the Breast Cancer Prevention Trial Symptom Checklist and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy‐Endocrine Subscale. Quality of life was measured by the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy‐General. Data were collected at baseline, and at 6 and 12 months.FindingsParticipants generally had mild symptom distress. There was no difference in symptoms by endocrine therapy group or by exercise group. Participants taking aromatase inhibitors in the aerobic resistance exercise intervention group reported significant improvement in social, family, and functional well‐being and better quality of life compared to those in the control group at 6 months but not at 12 months.ConclusionsFindings were similar to those of previous large clinical trials in that no significant differences were found for endocrine therapy–related symptoms and quality of life by type of endocrine therapy taken. However, exercise may improve quality of life outcomes for women taking aromatase inhibitors.Clinical RelevanceExercise has established efficacy for patient outcomes such as cardiovascular fitness, fatigue, weight management, and quality of life and may provide better quality of life for women who take aromatase inhibitors as adjuvant therapy.