bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ НЕСПЕЦИФІЧНОЇ І СПЕЦИФІЧНОЇ ЛАНОК ІМУННОГО ЗАХИСТУ У ЩУРІВ З ГОСТРИМ ПАРОДОНТИТОМ НА ТЛІ ГІПОТИРЕОЗУ
Authors: Dzetsiukh T. I. 
Published: April 2019

Для вивчення впливу експериментального гіпотиреозу на стан неспецифічної і специфічної ланок імунного захисту у щурів з гострою травмою мʼяких тканин ясен було проведено НСТ-тест, визначено показники клітинної ланки імунної системи (CD4, CD8), а також досліджено вміст IgG, IgМ і IgА у сироватці крові на аналізаторі Stat FAX (USA).
Мета – вивчити особливості неспецифічної і специфічної ланок імунного захисту у щурів з гострим пародонтитом на тлі гіпотиреозу.
Матеріал і методи. Гіпотиреоз у щурів викликали уведенням мерказолілу в дозі 25 мг/кг протягом 21 доби. Контроль здійснювали за рівнями тироксину, трийодтироніну і тиреотропного гормону, а також за масою тварин і їх руховою активністю. До групи порівняння входили тварини, яким мерказоліл не вводили. Вплив гіпотиреозу на перебіг запального процесу при пародонтиті вивчали на моделі запалення, викликаного гострою травмою м'яких тканин ясен. Тваринам під тіопенталовим наркозом (30 мг/кг) з губної сторони до тканин пародонта нижнього різця підводили робочу головку ультразвукового генератора – випромінювач від ультразвукового скейлера ART (Великобританія), і здійснювали однократний направлений вплив коливаннями ультразвукової частоти при наступних параметрах впливу: частота коливань 50 кГц, потужність випромінювання 1,2 Вт∙см² при експозиції впливу 60 с. Операцію проводили на 14 добу після першого введення мерказолілу. Через 1 і 8 діб після операції щурів декапітували під тіопенталовим наркозом (50 мг/кг). Групами порівняння були тварини з експериментальним гіпотиреозом і щури з гострою механічною травмою м'яких тканин ясен. Контролем служив матеріал від інтактних тварин.
Результати. Запалення у щурів з гострою травмою ясен на тлі гіпотиреозу призводило до збільшення вмісту активних нейтрофілів у периферійній крові, зниження CD-4-лімфоцитів, порушення співвідношення основних субпопуляцій лімфоцитів (CD-4 і CD-8), що супроводжується достовірним зниженням імунорегуляторного індексу, пригніченням секреції IgG, IgМ і IgА на системному рівні.
Висновки. В еутиреоїдних щурів спостерігали нормальний перебіг запального процесу із переважанням зростання Т-хелперів над рівнем цитотоксичних Т-лімфоцитів і, відповідно, зростанням імунорегуляторного індексу. Виявлена недостатність клітинної ланки імунної відповіді відображає посилення взаємного негативного впливу запального процесу в пародонті і системних порушень імунного захисту за умов супутнього дефіциту гормонів щитоподібної залози. За умови модельованого гострого пародонтиту на тлі гіпотиреозу вже на 1 добу відмічалося пригнічення гуморальної ланки імунної системи, яке характеризувалось достовірним зниженням імуноглобулінів усіх класів.
ЗМІНИ ОСНОВНИХ ПОКАЗНИКІВ ЧЕРВОНОЇ КРОВІ У ХВОРИХ НА СТЕАТОГЕПАТИТ РІЗНОЇ ЕТІОЛОГІЇ
Authors: Khukhlina O. S. , Antofiichuk T. M. , Antofiichuk M. P. , Kaushanska O. V. 
Published: April 2019

Основними причинами стеатогепатиту печінки є вплив на неї токсичних речовин, ендокринні порушення, неправильне харчування. Особливе місце серед токсичних агентів займає алкоголь.
Мета – дослідити зміни основних показників червоної крові при стеатогепатиті різної етіології.
Матеріал і методи. Проведено клінічне спостереження за 60 хворими на алкогольну хворобу печінки та неалкогольний стеатогепатит. Серед обстежених 53,3 % становили чоловіки, 46,7 % – жінки. Усіх хворих було поділено на дві групи: до першої (І) ввійшли 33 % пацієнтів з алкогольною хворобою печінки (алкогольним стеатогепатитом – АСГ), до другої (ІІ) – 67 % хворих із неалкогольною жировою хворобою печінки (неалкогольний стеатогепатит – НАСГ). Контрольну групу склали 20 практично здорових осіб (ПЗО), в яких не виявлено гострих чи хронічних захворювань та алергічних проявів.
Результати. При дослідженні показників клінічного аналізу крові встановлено, що вміст еритроцитів у периферичній крові хворих на НАСГ був у межах норми, а у хворих на АСГ даний показник був вірогідно нижчий за показник у ПЗО на 9,0 % (p<0,05). Разом з тим, вміст гемоглобіну у хворих цієї ж групи вірогідно відрізнявся від вікової норми і був істотно нижчий від показника у ПЗО на 8,5 % (p<0,05), а це свідчить, що в частини хворих на АСГ встановлено анемічний синдром.
Висновок. Перебіг алкогольного стеатогепатиту у 25,0 % випадків супроводжується анемічним синдромом легкого ступеня, незважаючи на істотне вірогідне підвищення в сироватці крові вмісту заліза, феритину, насичення трансферину залізом. Причому, в 15,0 % хворих на АСГ анемія зумовлена дефіцитом вітаміну B12, а у 10,0 % – гемолізом еритроцитів. Описано, що на тлі ожиріння перебіг неалкогольного стеатогепатиту характеризується невірогідним зростанням показників вмісту заліза в сироватці крові, вмісту феритину та насичення трансферину залізом за відсутності клініко-лабораторних ознак анемії.
Additions to the lichen biota of Assam State, India
Authors: Gogoi Rupjyoti , Joseph Siljo , Nayaka Sanjeeva , Yasmin Farishta 
Published: April 2019

The present paper deals with 25 new records of lichens under 19 genera and 11 families for the state of Assam in India. The newly reported species from Assam are Alyxoria apomelaena, A. culmigena, A. varia, Caloplaca pseudisteroides, Cryptothecia striata, Diorygma rupicola, Dirinaria papillulifera, Flavoplaca citrina, Graphis sundarbanensis, Herpothallon echinatum, Lecanographa rufa, Letrouitia muralis, Myriotrema clandestinum, Opegrapha discolor, Parmotrema crinitoides, Phaeophyscia hispidula, Porina eminentior, P. interstes, P. mastoidella, Pyrenula submastophora, P. thelomorpha, Rinodina oxydata, Synarthonia bicolor, Zwackhia bonplandii, and Z. viridis. Brief descriptions of these additional lichen taxa from Assam are provided to facilitate their identification.
Left Ventricular Remodeling Results in Homogenization of Myocardial Work Distribution
Authors: Duchenne Jürgen , Turco Anna , Ünlü Serkan , Pagourelias Efstathios D. , Vunckx Kathleen , Degtiarova Ganna , Bézy Stéphanie , Cvijic Marta , Nuyts Johan , Claus Piet , Rega Filip , Gheysens Olivier , Voigt Jens-Uwe 
Published: April 2019

Background:
The interaction between regional left ventricular (LV) myocardial work and metabolism in remodeled hearts has not yet been well established. Our aim was to investigate the effect of inhomogeneous LV work distribution on regional metabolism and remodeling in our animal model with reversible dyssynchrony due to pacing.

Methods:

In 12 sheep, 8 weeks of right atrial and right ventricular free wall (DDD) pacing lead to LV dilatation, a thinned septum, and thickened lateral wall. Left bundle branch block–like dyssynchrony caused by DDD pacing could be acutely reverted by right atrial pacing (AAI) only. Invasive hemodynamics and echocardiography were used to assess regional work by stress-strain loop area and compared with regional glucose metabolism measured by
18
F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography with and without improved spatial resolution by motion and anatomy correction on gated reconstructions.

Results:
Glucose metabolism by positron emission tomography with anatomic correction on gated positron emission tomography reconstruction showed a different regional distribution than with clinical reconstructions and correlated best and significantly with regional myocardial work. At baseline, work was homogeneously distributed with normal conduction (AAI pacing), whereas during dyssynchrony (DDD pacing), the lateral wall was more loaded, and the septum was unloaded. After 8 weeks of remodeling under DDD pacing, however, an almost homogeneous work distribution was found with DDD pacing, whereas with AAI pacing, the thin septum showed exaggerated loading and the lateral walls a low load. Our experimental observations were confirmed in 5 patient responders to cardiac resynchronization therapy.

Conclusions:
Regional LV glucose metabolism closely correlates with regional work. Our data indicate that regionally different LV remodeling after exposure to inhomogeneous loading conditions, such as during LV dyssynchrony, is an adaptive process that helps to equilibrate work distribution. Correction of the inhomogeneous loading conditions, such as during cardiac resynchronization therapy, then triggers a reverse LV remodeling through the same mechanism.
Interhospital Variation in the Costs of Pediatric/Congenital Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory Procedures: Analysis of Data From the Pediatric Health Information Systems Database
Authors: O'Byrne Michael L. , Glatz Andrew C. , Faerber Jennifer A. , Seshadri Roopa , Millenson Marisa E. , Mi Lanyu , Shinohara Russell T. , Dori Yoav , Gillespie Matthew J. , Rome Jonathan J. , Kawut Steven M. , Groeneveld Peter W. 
Published: April 2019

Background
Cardiac catheterization is an important but costly component of health care for young patients with cardiac disease. Measurement of variation in their cost between hospitals and identification of the reasons for this variation may help reduce cost without compromising quality.

Methods and Results

Using data from Pediatric Health Information Systems Database from January 2007 to December 2015, the costs of 9 procedures were measured. Mixed‐effects multivariable models were used to generate case‐mix–adjusted estimates of each hospital's cost for each procedure and measure interhospital variation. Procedures (n=35 637) from 43 hospitals were studied. Median costs varied from $8249 (diagnostic catheterization after orthotopic heart transplantation) to $38 909 (transcatheter pulmonary valve replacement). There was marked variation in the cost of procedures between hospitals with 3.5‐ to 8.9‐fold differences in the case‐mix–adjusted cost between the most and least expensive hospitals. No significant correlation was found between hospitals’ procedure‐specific mortality rates and costs. Higher procedure volume was not associated with lower cost except for diagnostic procedures in heart transplant patients and pulmonary artery angioplasty. At the hospital level, the proportion of cases that were outliers (>95th percentile) was significantly associated with rank in terms of cost (Spearman's ρ ranging from 0.37 to 0.89,
P
<0.01).

Conclusions
Large‐magnitude hospital variation in cost was not explained by case‐mix or volume. Further research is necessary to determine the degree to which variation in cost is the result of differences in the efficiency of the delivery of healthcare services and the rate of catastrophic adverse outcomes and resultant protracted and expensive hospitalizations.
On the Seasonality of the El Niño Teleconnection to the Amundsen Sea Region
Authors: Scott Yiu Yu Yeung , Maycock Amanda C. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The Amundsen Sea low (ASL) is a quasi-stationary low pressure system that affects climate in West Antarctica. Previous studies have shown that El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) modulates the position and strength of the ASL with the strongest teleconnection found in austral winter despite the amplitude of ENSO events generally being largest in austral autumn/summer. This study investigates the mechanisms behind the seasonality of the El Niño teleconnection to the Amundsen Sea region (ASR) using experiments with the HadGEM3 climate model forced with an idealized fixed El Niño sea surface temperature anomaly present throughout the year. The seasonality of the El Niño–ASR teleconnection is found to originate from seasonal differences in the large-scale zonal winds in the South Pacific sector. In austral winter, the region of strong absolute vorticity near ~30°S associated with the subtropical jet, in combination with the changes to upper-tropospheric divergence due to the El Niño perturbation, acts as an anomalous Rossby wave source that is largely absent in austral summer. Furthermore, in austral summer the poleward propagation of tropically sourced Rossby waves into the ASR is inhibited by the strong polar front jet in the South Pacific sector, which leads to Rossby wave reflection away from the ASR. In austral winter, Rossby waves are able to propagate into the ASR, forming part of the Pacific South America pattern. The lack of the Rossby wave source in the tropical Pacific and the absence of favorable conditions for wave propagation explains the weaker El Niño–ASR teleconnection in austral summer compared to austral winter.
Psychometric properties of home accessibility assessment tools: A systematic review
Authors: Patry Alexandre , Vincent Claude , Duval Christian , Careau Emmanuelle 
Published: April 2019

Background. Although home environment assessments are commonly performed by occupational therapists working in home care, use of nonstandardized measures created in-house or lack of measure use can cast a shadow over the quality of these assessments for people with disabilities. To ensure quality of home environment assessments, occupational therapists need standardized measures with demonstrated psychometric properties. Purpose. This study provides a critical appraisal of objective accessibility measures of the home environment. Method. A systematic review was undertaken for which three databases—CINAHL, PubMed, and Embase—were searched to identify accessibility measures of the home environment and evaluate their psychometric properties. Two authors independently assessed the quality of selected studies using the critical appraisal form for psychometric articles. Findings. Ten studies discussing seven accessibility measures were identified and selected for this review. No measures showed strong evidence of both good reliability and validity. Only one study addressed the responsiveness of a measure of accessibility. Implications. As occupational therapists are specialists of the person–environment relationship, the lack of evidence of the psychometric properties of objective accessibility measures of the home environment harms evidence-based occupational therapy practice. This review identified the most promising assessment tools, but further research is needed.
The making of occupation-based models and diagrams: History and semiotic analysis
Authors: Reid Heleen A. J. , Hocking Clare , Smythe Liz 
Published: April 2019

Background. Models provide a structure for organizing knowledge and facilitating learning and are upheld by occupational therapy as epitomizing the cornerstones of its practice. Purpose. This article briefly examines the scientific history of occupation-based model development in the 1950s before addressing the process of conceptual model making in occupational therapy. Using the theory of semiosis, it explains and takes a critical perspective on conceptual model building in occupational therapy. Key Issues. Since the surge of development in the mid-1970s, models have grown and undergone some revision. However, while the profession has often contested the definitions of its core terms, it has not challenged the accepted models and diagrams that present the constituents of practice. Implications. Examining the processes of conceptual model development from a critical, semiotic point of view foregrounds models in the historico-theoretical literature and brings into scrutiny a model’s relevancy in current practice.
“We need more things for us”: Being low income and underoccupied in older age
Authors: Heatwole Shank Kendra S. , Kenley Benjamin , Brown Stacy , Shipley Jenna , Baum Maya , Beers Chloe 
Published: April 2019

Background. Low-income older adult populations have increased vulnerability to occupational engagement barriers and poor health outcomes while aging in community settings. Purpose. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between community navigation and well-being for low-income older adults. Method. Community-dwelling older adults ( N = 10) were recruited for this multimethod observational cohort study, which employed GPS data, measures of well-being, and semistructured interviews across 12 months. Grounded theory processes were followed to analyze and integrate the qualitative, quantitative, and spatial data. Findings. Findings were three patterns of community navigation. In particular, patterns of being chronically underoccupied were noted for this low-income population. Specific place-based challenges are explained along with strategies used to mitigate these challenges. Implications. Supporting community navigation, especially social interaction opportunities, can maximize well-being; and older residents’ occupational participation may be unnecessarily curtailed by geographic, economic, and social factors beyond their control. Community navigation strategies should be considered holistically by occupational therapists as part of interventions supporting aging in place.
Sustained Attention to Science: A Tribute to the Life and Scholarship of Joel Warm
Authors: Hancock P. A. , Szalma James L. 
Published: April 2019

Objective: To provide an evaluative synthesis of the life and scientific contributions of the late Joel Warm. Background: As the doyen of vigilance research, Joel Warm expanded our understanding and horizons concerning this critical response capacity. However, he also made widespread and profound contributions to many other areas of perception and applied psychology, as we elucidate here. Method: Using archival sources, personal histories, and analysis of extant literature documenting Warm’s own productivity, we articulate his life in science. Results: Our synthesis illustrates the continued, broad, influential, and expanding impact that one individual can exert on diverse fields of study. Whole bodies of understanding of human behavior have been illuminated by his exemplary career. Application By understanding his path to success in applied experimental psychology, we anticipate that others will be motivated, inspired, and guided to replicate and even outstrip a lifetime of such seminal and influential contributions. The presence of individuals such as Warm serves as a primary motive in enhancing Humans Factors/Ergonomics Science.
On the Dynamics of Conspicuity
Authors: Hancock P. A. 
Published: April 2019

Objective: To examine the influences of dynamic conspicuity on object recognition and to evaluate the real-world implications of these processes. Background: Conspicuity is the major influence on persons’ abilities to recognize the presence of entities within their environment. Shortfalls in sensory and cognitive conspicuity are implicated in many, if not most, real-world systemic failures. Method: The present observations derive from an overview of relevant empirical research allied to a synthetic integration. From these foundations, I articulate a proposed taxonomy through which to parse the essential dimensions of conspicuity. Results: The taxonomy features three axes related to (a) modality (e.g., visual vs. auditory, etc.), (b) processing directionality (e.g., top-down vs. bottom-up information flow), and finally (c) temporality (i.e., the differences between static vs. dynamic presentations). Conclusion: Existing conspicuity studies have primarily featured static, sensory comparisons. Exploration of the other quadrants of the proposed taxonomy can serve to frame future conspicuity research. This taxonomic description also provides the basis from which to understand failure etiology in a wide spectrum of human–machine systems. Application: Improvements in the understanding of conspicuity can help in all domains of HF/E and can serve to reduce failure in a wide variety of operational contexts.
The use of digital legacies with people affected by motor neurone disease for continuing bonds: An interpretative phenomenological analysis study
Authors: Clabburn Oliver , Knighting Katherine , Jack Barbara A , O’Brien Mary R 
Published: April 2019

Background: Motor neurone disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disease without cure. Little is known about how young people are affected when a family member has the illness and subsequently dies, resulting in a gap in understanding of how best to support them. One psychotherapeutic approach involves creating a legacy to pass onto the young person, but little research has investigated the use of an emerging format, digital legacies, where videos document a person’s life, memories and achievements. Aim: To investigate the views, perceptions and experiences of digital legacies with people affected by motor neurone disease. Design: A qualitative study underpinned by interpretative phenomenological analysis. Setting/participants: People living with motor neurone disease (n = 4) and bereaved young people (n = 3) in the United Kingdom. Open-ended interviews were conducted in person. Ethical approval was granted by a University ethics committee. Results: Five key themes emerged exemplifying mutual challenges and benefits for people with motor neurone disease and bereaved young people. Creating a digital legacy provides a sense of purpose for people with motor neurone disease and a way to convey personality and life experiences. Bereaved young people can modify disease-related memories of the person and gain comfort from hearing and seeing videos. Conclusion: This study expands the existing continuing bonds model of grief to include an ‘autobiographical chapter’, creating ‘The Model of Reciprocal Bonds Formation’.
Characterization of Stem Cells and Immune Cells in Preterm and Term Mother’s Milk
Authors: Li Shujuan , Zhang Lan , Zhou Qi , Jiang Siyuan , Yang Yi , Cao Yun 
Published: April 2019

Background: Human milk is known to be rich in cellular components, including stem cells and immune cells. However, the dynamics of these cellular components at different lactation stages, and the differences between milk for preterm and term infants, are poorly understood. Research aim: To identify changes in the cellular components of human milk at different lactation stages, and to explore the associations of these changes with maternal and infant characteristics. Methods: Forty mothers of newborns of different gestational ages were enrolled. Colostrum, transitional, and mature milk samples were collected. Stem cell and immune cell molecule markers were detected using flow cytometry. Pluripotent genes (SOX2, NANOG, OCT4, and KLF4) were detected via quantitative real-time PCR. Results: Human milk contained some stem cells but more immune cells. The percentages of hemopoietic stem cells were significantly higher in mature milk than in colostrum, and the percentages of total immune cells were lower in mature milk than in colostrum. The percentages of hemopoietic stem cells in colostrum and transitional milk were influenced by gestational age. Some minor differences in the cell composition of human milk could be explained by maternal body mass index, the mode of delivery, and parity. Conclusion: Our results again confirmed that human milk contains stem cells. Additionally, the percentages of hemopoietic stem cells and major immune cells changed dynamically at different lactation stages and were associated with gestational age at delivery.