bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Celostni pristop k preučevanju kvartarnih eolskih kalkarenitov za poznavanje pretekle spremenljivosti podnebja // A combined approach to the study of Quaternary aeolian calcarenites for understanding the palaeoclimate
Authors: Lipar Matej 
Published: March 2019

Članek obravnava teoretski pogled na preučevanje kvartarnih eolskih kalkarenitov in njegov pomen za poznavanje pretekle spremenljivosti podnebja. Znanje o preteklem podnebju je glavni temelj za modeliranje in napovedovanje prihodnjih podnebnih sprememb, zato je pomembno, da je na regionalni in globalni ravni čim bolj kvalitetno ter zanesljivo. Osredotočanje zgolj na en pokazatelj podnebja pomeni tveganje pri interpretaciji, saj se ta neposredno ne navezuje na ostale naravne pokazatelje v isti regiji ali pa ponuja zgolj omejen časovni okvir preteklega podnebja. Celostni pristop raziskovanja podnebnih pokazateljev eolskih kalkarenitov ponuja časovno neprekinjeno informacijo podatkov, ki s kombinacijo različnih metod poveča zanesljivost in kvaliteto znanja o pretekli spremenljivosti podnebja. The paper deals with a theoretical view point of studying Quaternary aeolian calcarenites and its importance for knowledge of the past climate. Understanding palaeoclimate is fundamental for climate modelling and predicting future climatic changes, thus it needs to be complete, of a good quality and reliable on regional and global scales. Focussing only on one palaeoclimatic indicator brings risk with interpreting due to the lack of connective processes of the same region, or it is limited only to one limited time-frame. A combined approach to the study of palaeoclimatic indicators of aeolian calcarenites offers continual information of past climate, which, in combination with several methods, improves reliability and quality of the knowledge of the past climate.
Primerjalna analiza modelov pokrovnosti in rabe zemljišč v izbranih državah // Comparative analysis of land cover and land use models in selected countries
Authors: Foški Mojca , Đurić Nataša , Tič Katja , Triglav Čekada Mihaela 
Published: March 2019

V prispevku so predstavljeni modeli pokrovnosti in rabe zemljišč v Avstriji, Nemčiji, na Nizozemskem in v Veliki Britaniji ter aktivnosti v okviru evropskih projektov EAGLE, HELM in LUCAS. Posamezne države so modele pokrovnosti in rabe zemljišč vzpostavile glede na svoje potrebe ter jih različno uskladile z mednarodnimi prostorskimi podatki. Za vzpostavitev državne baze podatkov o pokrovnosti in rabi zemljišč lahko uporabimo tudi podatke o rabi kmetijskih in gozdnih zemljišč, vzpostavljene za namen izvajanja evropske kmetijske politike. V Sloveniji se podatki o pokrovnosti, ki jih je vzpostavil Statistični urad Republike Slovenije, ne vzdržujejo več. Podatki kmetijskega ministrstva, ki se vzdržujejo, pa ne pokrivajo z enako podrobnostjo vseh rab. V prispevku predstavljena primerjalna analiza modelov nam lahko služi kot razmislek ter izhodišče k vzpostavitvi modela pokrovnosti in rabe zemljišč tudi v Sloveniji. This paper presents land cover and land use models in Austria, Germany, The Netherlands, and Great Britain and the activities under the European projects EAGLE, HELM and LUCAS. These models have been set up for, and depending on, national requirements and also depending on international spatial data harmonisation. The data on land use of agricultural and forest land, set up for the purpose of implementing the Common (European) Agricultural Policy, are also applicable for setting up the national database on land cover and land use. In Slovenia, the land cover data set up by the Statistical Office of the Republic of Slovenia are no longer updated, while the data by the ministry responsible for agriculture do not cover all land uses with the same level of detail. The comparative analysis of the models can serve as a reflection and starting point for the establishment of a land cover and land use model in Slovenia as well.
Dostopnost do javnega potniškega prometa kot pogoj za socialno vključenost dijakov // Accessibility to public transport as a condition for schoolchildren’s social inclusion
Authors: Gabrovec Matej , Razpotnik Visković Nika 
Published: March 2019

Na območju Ljubljanske urbane regije smo analizirali, kakšen delež dijakov ima ustrezen dostop do javnega potniškega prometa. Izračuni so bili narejeni na ravni posameznih stavb oziroma hišnih številk. Med posameznimi občinami so občutne razlike, na nekaterih hribovitih območjih obstaja tveganje socialne izključenosti mladostnikov zaradi prostorske nedostopnosti. This study analyzes the share of secondary-school children with appropriate accessibility to public transport in the Ljubljana urban region. Calculations were made at the level of individual buildings. There are noticeable differences between the individual municipalities in the region, and in some hilly areas young people face the risk of social exclusion due to spatial inaccessibility.
Velika in mala začetnica ter drugi problemi zapisovanja slovenskih zemljepisnih imen // Capitalization and other issues in writing Slovenian geographical names
Authors: Kladnik Drago , Perko Drago 
Published: March 2019

Tokratno, drugo razpravo o bolj zapletenih vidikih in primerih rabe slovenskih zemljepisnih imen namenjamo predvsem rabi velike in male začetnice v večbesednih slovenskih zemljepisnih imenih, slovenjenju večbesednih tujih zemljepisnih imen, večbesednim imenom delov naselij (mest in vasi) ter rabi velike in male začetnice pri vzdevkih oziroma nadomestnih imenih (na primer črna celina, dežela tisočerih jezer). Na koncu predstavljamo poenostavitve pri pisanju zemljepisnih imen, kot jih predvideva nastajajoči novi slovenski pravopis. This second discussion on more complex aspects and examples of using Slovenian geographical names is primarily dedicated to capitalization in multiword Slovenian geographical names, Slovenianizing multiword foreign geographical names, multiword names of parts of towns and villages, and capitalization of nicknames or other descriptive names (e.g., Dark Continent, land of a thousand lakes). It concludes by presenting simplifications in how geographical names should be written as defined in the new Slovenian normative guide being prepared.
Innate Control of Tissue-Reparative Human Regulatory T Cells
Authors: Lam Avery J. , MacDonald Katherine N. , Pesenacker Anne M. , Juvet Stephen C. , Morishita Kimberly A. , Bressler Brian ,   iGenoMed Consortium, Pan James G. , Sidhu Sachdev S. , Rioux John D. , Levings Megan K. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Regulatory T cell (Treg) therapy is a potential curative approach for a variety of immune-mediated conditions, including autoimmunity and transplantation, in which there is pathological tissue damage. In mice, IL-33R (ST2)–expressing Tregs mediate tissue repair by producing the growth factor amphiregulin, but whether similar tissue-reparative Tregs exist in humans remains unclear. We show that human Tregs in blood and multiple tissue types produced amphiregulin, but this was neither a unique feature of Tregs nor selectively upregulated in tissues. Human Tregs in blood, tonsil, synovial fluid, colon, and lung tissues did not express ST2, so ST2+ Tregs were engineered via lentiviral-mediated overexpression, and their therapeutic potential for cell therapy was examined. Engineered ST2+ Tregs exhibited TCR-independent, IL-33–stimulated amphiregulin expression and a heightened ability to induce M2-like macrophages. The finding that amphiregulin-producing Tregs have a noneffector phenotype and are progressively lost upon TCR-induced proliferation and differentiation suggests that the tissue repair capacity of human Tregs may be an innate function that operates independently from their classical suppressive function.
Heligmosomoides polygyrus bakeri Infection Decreases Smad7 Expression in Intestinal CD4+ T Cells, Which Allows TGF-β to Induce IL-10–Producing Regulatory T Cells That Block Colitis
Authors: Hang Long , Kumar Sangeeta , Blum Arthur M. , Urban Joseph F. , Fantini Massimo C. , Weinstock Joel V. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Helminthic infections modulate host immunity and may protect their hosts from developing immunological diseases like inflammatory bowel disease. Induction of regulatory T cells (Tregs) may be an important part of this protective process. Heligmosomoides polygyrus bakeri infection also promotes the production of the regulatory cytokines TGF-β and IL-10 in the gut. In the intestines, TGF-β helps induce regulatory T cells. This study used Foxp3/IL-10 double reporter mice to investigate the effect of TGF-β on the differentiation of colon and mesenteric lymph node–derived murine Foxp3− IL-10− CD4+ T cells into their regulatory phenotypes. Foxp3− IL-10− CD4+ T cells from H. polygyrus bakeri–infected mice, as opposed to T cells from uninfected animals, cultured in vitro with TGF-β and anti-CD3/CD28 mAb differentiated into Foxp3+ and/or IL-10+ T cells. The IL-10–producing T cells nearly all displayed CD25. Smad7 is a natural inhibitor of TGF-β signaling. In contrast to gut T cells from uninfected mice, Foxp3− IL10− CD4+ T cells from H. polygyrus bakeri–infected mice displayed reduced Smad7 expression and responded to TGF-β with Smad2/3 phosphorylation. The TGF-β–induced Tregs that express IL-10 blocked colitis when transferred into the Rag/CD25− CD4+ T cell transfer model of inflammatory bowel disease. TGF-β had a greatly diminished capacity to induce Tregs in H. polygyrus bakeri–infected transgenic mice with constitutively high T cell–specific Smad7 expression. Thus, infection with H. polygyrus bakeri causes down-modulation in Smad7 expression in intestinal CD4+ T cells, which allows the TGF-β produced in response to the infection to induce the Tregs that prevent colitis.
Intraoperative partial pressure of oxygen measurement to predict flap survival
Authors: Gupta Ankit , Kumar Akhil , Gupta Shyam , Bhattacharaya Sameek , Jha Manoj Kumar , Tiwari Vinay Kumar , Kulal R. Pradeep , Gupta Shobhit , Niyazi Sahil 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACT
Introduction: Flap monitoring using partial pressure of oxygen (pO2) is a proven modality. Instruments needed are expensive and are not readily available to a clinician. Here, pO2 of flap has been determined using readily available and cheap methods, and a cut-off value is calculated which helps in predicting flap outcome. Methods and Results: Total 235 points on 84 skin flaps were studied. Capillary blood was collected from flap and fingertip using 1-ml syringes after at least 30 min of flap inset, and pO2 analysed using blood gas analyser. Fall/change of pO2 (difference of mean of pO2 [diff-pO2]) was also calculated by subtracting the flap pO2 from the finger pO2. Flap was monitored clinically in post-operative period and divided into two groups depending on its survival with Group 1 – dead points and Group 2 – alive points. pO2 and diff-pO2 amongst both the groups were compared and found to be statistically different (P = 0.0001). Cut-off value calculated for pO2 was found to be <86.3 mmHg with a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 89.05%. The difference of >68.503 mmHg of flap pO2 compared from finger pO2 was calculated as a cut-off with sensitivity of 94.12 and specificity of 79.60%. Conclusions: Flap areas having intra-operative pO2 value <86.3 mmHG have higher chances (60.71%) of getting necrosis later. Similarly, if diff-pO2 compared to fingertip is >68.5 mmHg, chances of those points getting necrosed in post-operative period are high.
Por trás da vitrine de um megaevento: remoções, despejos e reassentamento de comunidades
Authors: Vasconcelos de Lima Ernandy Luis 
Published: March 2019

A capital catalã se tornou amplamente conhecida, seja através do modelo Barcelona sob os auspícios do planejamento estratégico adotado, seja pelo fascínio evidenciado pelos Jogos Olímpicos de 1992. Ao sediar o megaevento esportivo Barcelona’92, a cidade espanhola expôs o poder argumentativo e o panorama factível da consecução de megaprojetos de regeneração urbana em curto período de tempo. Nesse sentido, esta pesquisa procura mapear e analisar as possíveis implicações socioespaciais resultantes do processo de planejamento para a estruturação e apropriação do espaço urbano. Objetiva-se, portanto, desvendar as contradições socioespaciais encobertas pelo imaginário e aparato ideológico pautados em Barcelona’92. Explora-se, assim, a relação entre megaeventos esportivos e o desalojamento de comunidades, bem como a histórica implicação desse fenômeno sobre a estrutura socioespacial de Barcelona. Para tanto, pesquisa bibliográfica e pesquisa documental foram contempladas por meio de diversas fontes, tendo em vista explicitar a emblemática questão das remoções pari passu com as transformações urbanas na cidade de Barcelona. Além disso, entrevistas abertas e semiestruturadas foram conduzidas entre os anos de 2011 e 2016. Dado o êxito de planejamento estratégico catalão, as preparações para o Barcelona’92 atingiram diversas famílias, por meio da construção de empreendimentos desportivos e de transformação urbana. Em se tratando de remoções, 624 famílias foram impactadas, ou seja, desalojadas das áreas designadas.
Palavras-chave: Barcelona; Megaeventos; Remoções; Planejamento urbano estratégico; Comunidades.
Análise integrada para conservação ambiental: estudo aplicado ao Parque Estadual de Paraúna - Goiás
Authors: Amaral Neto Delerman Teixeira do , Lima Cláudia Valéria de 
Published: March 2019

O presente artigo pretende fazer uma revisão de referenciais teóricos que elucidam a temática da conservação dos ambientes naturais em contrapartida ao avanço da sociedade contemporânea progressista do século XXI. Para isto, a utilização de estudos correspondentes ao planejamento ambiental, geoconservação, geodiversidade e patrimônio geológico, além da simplificação do arcabouço legislativo relativos ao meio ambiente, darão suporte necessário à composição deste artigo. Como exemplo de recorte espacial a fim de compreender as efetivas políticas de ordenamento, gestão e preservação ambiental no território brasileiro e, em especial no Estado de Goiás, buscou-se contemplar à pesquisa um estudo territorial aplicado ao Parque Estadual de Paraúna, localizado no município de Paraúna. Foram diagnosticadas, a priori, ineficiências político-institucionais dos órgãos representativos na elaboração/execução de projetos que visam à conservação dos ambientes naturais conforme previsto na legislação ambiental brasileira. O baixo indicativo da terminologia voltada à geoconservação e patrimônio geológico na legislação, inexistência em plano de manejo, acesso rodoviário com alto índice de periculosidade e degradação do patrimônio público são as principais análises contempladas nesta pesquisa.
Palavras-chave: Parque Estadual de Paraúna; geodiversidade; geoconservação; SNUC.
The Emergence of Emergence: G. H. Lewes, Middlemarch, and Social Order
Authors: Bivona Daniel Edward 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
The judgment that George Eliot's lover, G. H. Lewes, was the first to formulate and name the scientific concept of emergence is now widely accepted. When she edited the final volume of his last work, Problems of Life and Mind, which was published shortly after his death in 1877 and before hers in 1880, she both helped ensure a place in scientific history for Lewes as the first theorist of “emergence” in the nineteenth century, and provided the world with a philosophical introduction to the rich array of emergent themes that helped to make her novel Middlemarch one of the finest works of Victorian realism.
Punktnedslag i det historiske kinopublikummets opplevelser 1900-1930
Authors: Pedersen Mona 
Published: March 2019

Denne artikkelen er basert på publikums egne minner og opplevelser fra fortidige kinobesøk. Siktemålet er å belyse hvilken viktighet kinoinstitusjonen hadde, sosialt og kulturelt, ved å la publikum selv sette ord på sine erfaringer. Artikkelen fokuserer på stumfilmperioden, og det empiriske materialet som presenteres er utdrag fra nasjonale minneinnsamlinger fra hverdagslivet i Norge samlet inn i 1964 og 1981. Minnene er forfattet av «vanlige folk» født i årene rundt 1900. Artikkelen diskuterer ulike filmhistoriske perspektiver på kinopublikum, så vel som minner som historisk kildekategori. Om lag 15 prosent av det innsamlede minnematerialet inneholder omtaler av film og kino; de beskriver ulike holdninger til det å gå på kino, bestemte minner om kinobesøk og filmer, filmscener og skuespillere, samt ulike visnings- og programpraksiser. Artikkelen studerer særlig minner fra to regioner, Oslo og Hedmark. Det konkluderes med at minnesamlingene er en rik kilde som tilbyr unik innsikt i en avansert kinokultur i filmens første årtier. Materialet åpenbarer «kinogjengeren» ikke som en abstrakt størrelse, men som faktiske personer, individer som til sammen danner det vi betegner som «kinopublikum». This article is based on the audience's own memories and experiences from past cinema-going practices. The aim is to illuminate the importance of the cinema institution, socially and culturally, by allowing audiences to put into words their own experiences. The article focuses on the silent film era, and the empirical material consists of extracts from nationwide collections of memories from everyday life in Norway collected in 1964 and 1981. Common people born in the years around 1900 author these memories. The article discusses different perspectives on the audience, as well as memories as a historical source. About 15 percent of the total nationwide memory collection contains mentions of different attitudes towards the cinema, as well as memories of cinema-going in general, exhibition practices, specific films, scenes and actors. The article further explores the empirical material from two regions, Oslo and Hedmark, finding that these memories are a rich source that offers unique insight into an advanced cinema culture in the early years of cinema history. In this material, we meet «the cinema goers» not as abstract constructions, but as actual people and individuals who constitute what we denote as the «cinema audience».
Effect of Halopriming along with Hydropriming on Germination of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Seeds
Authors: Arif Zeeshan , Asgher Aqsa , Zia Ayesha , Riaz Maria 
Published: March 2019

Biotic and abiotic stress effects the crop yield badly every year. In the abiotic factors the drought, heat and salinity are the major stress for crops which are cultivated in Pakistan. Cultivated area are decreasing rapidly because the construction of new buildings, towns and population food demand increasing. There is only one way to fulfill the requirements of population by development stress tolerance genotypes. Two different varieties of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. with AABBDD genome and 6x= 42) i.e. Faisalabad 2008 and Galaxy 2013 were used to evaluate the effect of halopriming along with hydropriming to observe germination parameters and early growth stages. The experiment was conducted in factorial structured treatments design with three replications at Department of Seed Science and Technology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad. For halopriming seeds were soaked in 0.5% KCl, 1% KCl, 1.5% KCl and in distilled water for 6-8 hours. The results showed that final emergence percentage of priming seeds with 1% KCl of Faisalabad 2008 had higher percentage of germination than other treatments. However, for time to start germination there was no difference among KCl priming and hydropriming for both the varieties. For mean germination time, priming seeds with 1.5% KCl of Faisalabad 2008 showed maximum time. Seeds priming with 1% KCl of Galaxy 2013 took maximum time to complete 50% germination (T50). Overall, Faisalabad 2008 priming with KCl proved best in most of parameters.
Evaluation of Liver Protective Activity of Moringa oleifera Bark Extract in Paracetamol Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats
Authors: Islam Rajibul , Alam Md. Jahir , Shanta Sara Benojir , Rahman Md. Habibur , Mahmud Sultan , Khan Abdus Sobahan 
Published: March 2019

Background: Moringa oleifera has been used in folk medicine to alleviate several diseases. In the present study, ethanolic extract of Moringa oleifera bark has been investigated to study its potential on paracetamol induced hepatotoxicity on model rats.
Methods: Rats (150–200 gm) were divided into 5 groups containing 6 animals each. Acute hepatotoxicity was induced by paracetamol (600 mg/kg body weight) administered once daily for one week whereas the extract of investigated plant was given orally throughout the whole experiment at 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight. Silymarin (100 mg/kg body weight) was given orally as standard hepatoprotective drug. The level of hepatic injury recovery was determined by the estimation of liver enzymes like SGPT, SGOT, ALP, Bilirubin, Total protein, globulin and Albumin.
Results: Treatment with MO extract as well as standard hepatoprotective agent silymarin ameliorated plasma levels of hepatic enzymes. Body weight was improved significantly by MO extracts (p < 0.01), whereas liver weight was recovered insignificantly. SGPT, SGOT and ALP levels were improved very highly significantly (p<0.001) and highly significantly (p<0.01) at MO 250mg dose. While at the dose of 500 mg/kg ameliorated SGPT Level very highly significantly (p<0.001), SGOT Level highly significantly (p<0.01) but insignificant to ALP level.
Conclusion: The biochemical parameters provide evidence that the ethanolic extract of of Moringa oleifera bark has shown hepatoprotective activity.
Ion‐Beam‐Induced Biaxial Tensile Strain Engineering in Nanoscale Zinc Oxide Films on Silicon Dioxide
Authors: Jeon Gi Wan , Kim Yu‐Mi , Yeo Sunmog , Jeong Seock‐Jin , Lee Sang‐Hyeon , Lee Sang‐Geul , Kim Jong Hwa , Ha Jun Mok , Suk Jaekwon , Yang In Mok , Seo Junhyeok , Chae Weon‐Sik , Lee Jong‐Soo , Park Jun Kue 
Published: November 2024

AbstractStrain engineering is a powerful tool for adjusting the electrical and optical properties of materials, particularly in 2D materials on flexible polymer substrates. However, current strain‐engineering techniques are primarily utilized for thin 2D materials on flexible substrates, with limited research on thicker materials on traditional substrates. In this study, the enhancement in electrical properties resulting from strain effects in 30‐nm‐thick ZnO films deposited on SiO2 wafers through N2 ion beam irradiation is proposed. The N2 ion beam, at an optimal energy level, induces strain in the underlying SiO2 layer, leading to a 2.5‐fold increase in the saturation mobility and charge‐carrier density of the overlying ZnO film. Density functional theory calculations reveal that the introduction of N2 molecules into the SiO2 crystal induces biaxial lattice expansion, which, in turn, strains the overlying ZnO film. These findings demonstrate the effective application of strain engineering in films of relatively large thickness, even on traditional substrates. It is anticipated that this strain engineering approach using ion‐beam irradiation will significantly broaden the range of applications for strain engineering technology.