bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The influence of dietary chestnut and quebracho tannins mix on rabbit meat quality
Authors: Mancini Simone , Minieri Sara , Buccioni Arianna , Marzoni Fecia di Cossato Margherita , Russo Claudia , Paci Gisella 
Published: March 2019

AbstractTannins were recently evaluated as feed additives in order to increase antioxidant compounds in animal diet, mainly to enhance resistance to lipid oxidation in meat. Rabbit meat is one of the most susceptible animal products, thus the main aim of this study was to evaluate the capacity of tannins to elongate shelf life of rabbit meat. Ninety hybrid rabbits were fed with three different diets: basal diet (control, C) and basal diet supplemented with 0.3% or 0.6% of tannins mix. Meat samples were refrigerated as raw at 4°C up to 11 days and analysed both as raw and cooked for physical‐chemical characteristics, fatty acids profile, lipid oxidation and antioxidant capacity. Results showed that dietary tannins affected meat colour of raw samples (mostly yellowness). Lipid peroxidation (TBARS) of raw samples was lower in tannins group than C group; a further inhibition of peroxidation was showed also in cooked samples only by the highest dose of tannins mix. Moreover, antioxidant capacity (ABTS) of raw samples increased with the percentage of tannins. In conclusion, supplementation with 0.6% of tannins mix seems to positively affect the lipid peroxidation and antioxidant capacity of meat without modifying the intrinsic characteristics of rabbit meat.
Longitudinal brain functional changes between mania and euthymia in bipolar disorder
Authors: Alonso‐Lana Silvia , Moro Noemí , McKenna Peter J. , Sarró Salvador , Romaguera Anna , Monté Gemma C. , Maristany Teresa , Goikolea José M. , Vieta Eduard , Salvador Raymond , Pomarol‐Clotet Edith 
Published: March 2019

AbstractObjectivesWhile widespread cortical and subcortical brain functional abnormalities have been found in bipolar disorder, the changes that take place between illness phases and recovery are less clearly documented. Only a small number of longitudinal studies of manic patients, in particular, have been carried out.MethodsTwenty‐six bipolar patients underwent fMRI during performance of the n‐back working memory task when manic and again after recovery. Twenty‐six matched healthy controls were also scanned on two occasions. Task‐related activations and de‐activations were examined.ResultsWhen manic, the patients showed clusters of significantly reduced activation in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC)/precentral cortex and the parietal cortex/superior precuneus bilaterally. They also showed failure of de‐activation in the ventromedial frontal cortex (vmPFC). After recovery, activation in the left DLPFC/precentral cortex and in the bilateral parietal cortex/superior precuneus clusters increased significantly. However, failure of de‐activation remained present in the vmPFC.ConclusionsRecovery from mania is associated with normalization of DLPFC and parietal hypoactivation, but not with vmPFC failure of de‐activation, which accordingly appears to represent a trait abnormality in the disorder.
Teacher educators as gatekeepers: Preparing the next generation of teachers for technology integration in education
Authors: Tondeur Jo , Scherer Ronny , Baran Evrim , Siddiq Fazilat , Valtonen Teemu , Sointu Erkko 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThis study aims at investigating the profiles of teacher educators in order to explore their ability to prepare preservice teachers for technology integration in education. Specifically, the current study examines whether teacher educators can be grouped on the basis of their attitudes toward ICT (in education), their ICT self‐efficacy to design ICT‐rich learning environments, their competencies to use ICT in their teaching practice and the strategies they use to prepare preservice teachers for technology integration. These strategies are included in the SQD (Synthesis of Qualitative Data) model and comprise: (1) teacher educators as role models, (2) reflecting on the role of technology in education, (3) learning how to use technology by design, (4) collaboration with peers, (5) scaffolding authentic technology experiences and (6) providing continuous feedback. Data were collected from a sample of 284 teacher educators in Flanders, the Dutch‐speaking part of Belgium, and submitted to latent profile analysis. The added value of the current study lies in the account of how SQD strategies and a typical set of determinants of ICT integration can be associated within teacher educators’ profile. Based on the profiles emerging from this study, teacher training institutions should consider their teacher educators to be gatekeepers when preparing future generations of teachers for the learning environments of the twenty‐first century. In the discussion section, the implications for practice and future research are discussed.
Protein inhibitor of activated STAT1 Ser503 phosphorylation‐mediated Elk‐1 SUMOylation promotes neuronal survival in APP/PS1 mice
Authors: Liu Shau‐Yu , Ma Yun‐Li , Hsu Wei‐Lun , Chiou Hsin‐Ying , Lee Eminy H.Y. 
Published: March 2019

Background and PurposeProtein inhibitor of activated STAT1 (PIAS1) is phosphorylated by IKKα at Ser90 in a PIAS1 E3 ligase activity‐dependent manner. Whether PIAS1 is also phosphorylated at other residues and the functional significance of these additional phosphorylation events are not known. The transcription factor Elk‐1 remains SUMOylated under basal conditions, but the role of Elk‐1 SUMOylation in brain is unknown. Here, we examined the functional significance of PIAS1‐mediated Elk‐1 SUMOylation in Alzheimer's disease (AD) using the APP/PS1 mouse model of AD and amyloid β (Aβ) microinjections in vivo.Experimental ApproachNovel phosphorylation site(s) on PIAS1 were identified by LC–MS/MS, and MAPK/ERK‐mediated phosphorylation of Elk‐1 demonstrated using in vitro kinase assays. Elk‐1 SUMOylation by PIAS1 in brain was determined using in vitro SUMOylation assays. Apoptosis in hippocampus was assessed by measuring GADD45α expression by western blotting, and apoptosis of hippocampal neurons in APP/PS1 mice was assessed by TUNEL assay.Key ResultsUsing LC–MS/MS, we identified a novel MAPK/ERK‐mediated phosphorylation site on PIAS1 at Ser503 and showed this phosphorylation determines PIAS1 E3 ligase activity. In rat brain, Elk‐1 was SUMOylated by PIAS1, which decreased Elk‐1 phosphorylation and down‐regulated GADD45α expression. Moreover, lentiviral‐mediated transduction of Elk‐1‐SUMO1 reduced the number of hippocampal apoptotic neurons in APP/PS1 mice.Conclusions and ImplicationsMAPK/ERK‐mediated phosphorylation of PIAS1 at Ser503 determines PIAS1 E3 ligase activity. Moreover, PIAS1 mediates SUMOylation of Elk‐1, which functions as an endogenous defence mechanism against Aβ toxicity in vivo. Targeting Elk‐1 SUMOylation could be considered a novel therapeutic strategy against AD.
Public views about editing genes in wildlife for conservation
Authors: Kohl P.A. , Brossard D. , Scheufele D.A. , Xenos M.A. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractDevelopments in CRISPR‐based gene‐editing technologies have generated a growing number of proposals to edit genes in wildlife to meet conservation goals. As these proposals have attracted greater attention, controversies have emerged among scientists and stakeholder groups over potential consequences and ethical implications of gene editing. Responsible governance cannot occur without consulting broader publics, yet little effort has been made to systematically assess public understandings and beliefs in relation to this new area of applied genetic engineering. We analyzed data from a survey of U.S. adults (n = 1600), collected by YouGov, and that examined respondents’ concerns about gene editing in animal and plant wildlife and how those concerns are shaped by cultural dispositions toward science and beliefs about the appropriateness of intervening in nature at the genetic level. On average, respondents perceived more risk than benefit in using these tools. Over 70% agreed that gene editing in wildlife could be “easily used for the wrong purposes.” When evaluating the moral acceptability of gene editing in wildlife, respondents evaluated applications to improve survival in endangered wildlife as more morally acceptable than applications to decrease abundance in a population or eliminate a population. Belief in the authority of scientific knowledge was positively related to favorable views of the benefits, risks, and moral acceptability of editing genes in wildlife. The belief that editing genes in wildlife inappropriately intervenes in nature predicted relatively more concern about risks and moral acceptability and skepticism about benefits. Given high levels of concern and skepticism about gene editing in wildlife for conservation among the U.S. public, a take‐it‐slow approach to making decisions about when or whether to use these tools is advisable. Early opinions, including those uncovered in this study, are likely to be provisional. Thus, consulting the public should be an ongoing process.
A novel hybrid credit scoring model based on ensemble feature selection and multilayer ensemble classification
Authors: Tripathi Diwakar , Edla Damodar Reddy , Cheruku Ramalingaswamy , Kuppili Venkatanareshbabu 
Published: March 2019

AbstractCredit scoring focuses on the development of empirical models to support the financial decision‐making processes of financial institutions and credit industries. It makes use of applicants' historical data and statistical or machine learning techniques to assess the risk associated with an applicant. However, the historical data may consist of redundant and noisy features that affect the performance of credit scoring models. The main focus of this paper is to develop a hybrid model, combining feature selection and a multilayer ensemble classifier framework, to improve the predictive performance of credit scoring. The proposed hybrid credit scoring model is modeled in three phases. The initial phase constitutes preprocessing and assigns ranks and weights to classifiers. In the next phase, the ensemble feature selection approach is applied to the preprocessed dataset. Finally, in the last phase, the dataset with the selected features is used in a multilayer ensemble classifier framework. In addition, a classifier placement algorithm based on the Choquet integral value is designed, as the classifier placement affects the predictive performance of the ensemble framework. The proposed hybrid credit scoring model is validated on real‐world credit scoring datasets, namely, Australian, Japanese, German‐categorical, and German‐numerical datasets.
Infections after kidney transplantation. Does age matter?
Authors: Hemmersbach‐Miller Marion , Alexander Barbara D. , Sudan Debra L. , Pieper Carl , Schmader Kenneth E. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractInfections threaten successful outcomes after kidney transplantation. Our aim was to determine if the number, types of infections and the risk factors for common infections differed between older compared to younger kidney transplant (KT) recipients in the first year after surgery. We performed a single‐center retrospective cohort study. Between 2011 and 2015, 91 KTs were performed in patients ≥65 years of age; these were matched 1:1 (by year of transplantation, sex and race) to controls aged 40‐60 years. Over 90% of both groups had an infectious complication. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) viremia were significantly more frequent in older recipients. Older adults had more late onset UTIs, including after stent removal. CMV viremia was more frequent in older adults in the 1‐6 months post‐transplant period. Due to our center‐specific protocol utilizing pre‐emptive monitoring in the CMV recipient‐seropositive population, the higher CMV incidence in the aged recipient was driven by this subpopulation of older adults. No difference in pneumonias or bloodstream infections were found, nor in surgical complications, rejection or graft loss. Mortality was higher at 1‐year post‐transplant in the older recipients (9.9% vs 1.1%; P = 0.018). Prophylactic and immunosuppressive strategies may need to be altered for older KT recipients.
Nebulisation of dexamethasone sodium phosphate for the treatment of severe asthmatic horses
Authors: Mainguy‐Seers S. , Bessonnat A. , Picotte K. , Lavoie J.‐P. 
Published: March 2019

SummaryBackgroundInhaled corticosteroids are effective in the treatment of equine asthma. A recent study reported that nebulisation of injectable dexamethasone had low systemic bioavailability in healthy horses and could represent a cost‐effective therapy for equine inflammatory lung diseases.ObjectivesTo determine the effects of dexamethasone nebulisation on lung function in severe asthmatic horses. It was hypothesised that dexamethasone administered by nebulisation would be more effective than the same dose administered orally.Study designRandomised blinded experimental study in severe asthmatic horses.MethodsTwelve severe asthmatic horses in clinical exacerbation were randomly assigned to treatment with 5 mg of dexamethasone sodium phosphate by nebulisation (n = 6) or by oral administration (n = 6), once daily for 7 days. Lung function was evaluated at baseline, after four treatment days (D4) and 24 h after the last dose (D8). The presence of residual bronchospasm was assessed on D8 with N‐butylscopolammonium bromide administration (0.3 mg/kg i.v.). A respiratory clinical score was performed daily. Serum cortisol concentration was measured at baseline, D4 and D8.ResultsThe pulmonary elastance was unchanged in both groups while pulmonary resistance was significantly improved in the oral group on D8 (mean reduction in 1 cm H2O/L/s [CI: 0.34–1.65, P = 0.003]). All horses had residual bronchospasm at the end of the study. There was a group difference in the respiratory clinical score as it was significantly reduced in the oral group, from D5 to D8. Serum cortisol concentration decreased in all subjects.Main limitationsLow number of horses and lack of placebo group.ConclusionsConsidering the lack of improvement of lung function and the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenal axis suppression, the results of this study do not support aerosolisation of an injectable form of dexamethasone for the treatment of severe equine asthma at the dose and with the nebuliser evaluated.
Retracted: The prevalence of elevated gamma‐glutamyltransferase and sorbitol dehydrogenase activity in racing Thoroughbreds and their associations with viral infection
Authors: Ramsay J. D. , Evanoff R. , Mealey R. H. , Simpson E. L. 
Published: March 2019

SummaryBackgroundIn racehorses, serum gamma‐glutamyltransferase (GGT) activity is positively correlated with cumulative days in training and, when ≥100 IU/L, has been associated with poor performance. The prevalence of increased GGT activity in North American Thoroughbreds and its aetiopathogenesis are unknown. Four emerging viruses, pegivirus E (PgV E; equine pegivirus), hepacivirus A (HcV A; equine hepacivirus), pegivirus D (PgV D; Theiler's disease virus), and equine parvovirus‐hepatitis (EqPV‐H) have been identified in horses with clinical and subclinical hepatopathy. Available prevalence data indicate these viruses may commonly infect racehorses and contribute to increased liver enzyme activity in this population.ObjectivesTo investigate the association between viral infection and increased liver enzyme activity in racing Thoroughbreds.Study designCross‐sectional study.MethodsPrerace blood samples were collected from 802 Thoroughbreds and tested for GGT and sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH) activity, and the presence of PgV E, HcV A, PgV D and EqPV‐H nucleic acid.ResultsIncreased SDH and/or GGT were detected in 56.2% of the 802 serum samples. The infection prevalence and relative risk (RR) of having concurrently increased liver enzyme activity were: PgV E = 18.2% (RR = 0.820, 95% CI = 0.662–0.978, P = 0.03), HcV A = 2.5% (RR = 1.132, 95% CI = 0.719–1.466, P = 0.6), PgV D = 0.5% (RR = 0.875, 95% CI = 0.165–1.598, P>0.9), EqPV‐H = 2.9% (RR = 0.916, 95% CI = 0.564–1.266, P = 0.7).Main limitationsLongitudinal samples were not tested.ConclusionsWhile viral infection was common among Thoroughbreds in this study, infection did not explain the high prevalence of increased liver enzyme activity. In fact, PgV E infection was associated with a reduced risk of having increased liver enzyme activity, indicating PgV E is unlikely to be a cause of hepatitis in horses. Importantly, like GGT, increased SDH activity was highly prevalent in this study, and provides additional evidence that hepatocellular injury was occurring in these horses.
Competing for Good Immigrants
Authors: Sahakyan Zaruhi 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
I analyze the competition among different countries for ‘desirable’ and ‘undesirable’ potential immigrants, using both an immigration quota and a level of (imperfect) ‘scrutiny’ that would-be immigrants face. Scrutiny imposes costs on immigrants and therefore makes it less attractive to immigrate. The number of applying undesirable immigrants increases in immigration quota and decreases in the level of scrutiny. In contrast, the number of desirable applicants can go in either direction as scrutiny increases and is independent of the immigration quota, because an increase in the immigration quota is completely crowded out by more applications by undesirable immigrants.
Twice daily short‐message‐based re‐education could improve Helicobacter pylori eradication rate in young population: A prospective randomized controlled study
Authors: Wang Tongyu , Yang Xiaoxiao , Li Yueyue , Li Lixiang , Liu Jing , Ji Chaoran , Sun Yiyuan , Li Yanqing , Zuo Xiuli 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundTo investigate the effects of twice daily short‐message‐based re‐education (SMRE) before taking medicine for Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) eradication.Materials and MethodsTreatment‐naive patients with H pylori infection were prescribed 14‐day quadruple regimen consisting of lansoprazole 30 mg, colloidal bismuth pectin 200 mg, amoxicillin 1000 mg, and clarithromycin 500 mg twice daily. Patients were randomly allocated to SMRE group or control group. Patients in control group received oral and written instructions at outpatient clinic. In contrast, patients in the SMRE group received extra short messages including dosage and time of administration twice daily. Successful H pylori eradication was assessed using the 13C‐urea breath test 6 weeks after treatment. The compliance, adverse events, and patient satisfaction were also analyzed.ResultsA total of 310 patients were enrolled in the intention‐to‐treat (ITT) and 283 in the per‐protocol (PP) analysis. For young patients, the eradication rates were significantly higher in SMRE group than those in control group in PP analysis (88.6% vs 71.2%, P = 0.036), while for patients of all age groups, the eradication rate improvements were not statistically significant. The eradication rates in SMRE group and control group were 74.2% and 67.7% (P = 0.211) in ITT analysis and 82.1% and 73.4% (P = 0.078) in PP analysis, respectively. The compliance in SMRE group was significantly better than that in control group (84.8% vs 72.8%, P = 0.011).ConclusionsTwice daily SMRE could improve the eradication rate in young population, as well as the compliance with treatment during H pylori eradication.
Glecaprevir and pibrentasvir for Japanese patients with chronic hepatitis C genotype 1 or 2 infection: Results from a multicenter, real‐world cohort study
Authors: Ogawa Eiichi , Furusyo Norihiro , Nakamuta Makoto , Nomura Hideyuki , Satoh Takeaki , Takahashi Kazuhiro , Koyanagi Toshimasa , Kajiwara Eiji , Dohmen Kazufumi , Kawano Akira , Ooho Aritsune , Azuma Koichi , Kato Masaki , Shimoda Shinji , Hayashi Jun ,   The Kyushu University Liver Disease Study (KULDS) Group
Published: March 2019

AimGlecaprevir (GLE) and pibrentasvir (PIB) are new direct‐acting antiviral agents (DAAs) with pangenotypic inhibitors that respectively target the hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS3/4 protease and NS5A. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of combining GLE and PIB for patients with HCV genotype (GT) 1 or 2 infection in the clinical setting, including patients DAA‐experienced or on hemodialysis.MethodsThis multicenter, real‐world, retrospective, cohort study consisted of 314 Japanese patients who were treated with GLE (300 mg) and PIB (120 mg) for a fixed 8‐ or 12‐week duration. We evaluated the sustained virologic response rate 12 weeks after the end of treatment (SVR12) and adverse events.ResultsAmong the treated patients, 122 had GT1 and 192 GT2 infection. The overall SVR12 rates in the per‐protocol populations were 99.2% (119/120) for GT1 and 98.9% (183/185) for GT2. High SVR12 rates were observed in almost all subgroups, including cirrhosis, receiving hemodialysis, or previous all‐oral DAA groups treated with asunaprevir and daclatasvir (GT1b), ledipasvir/sofosbuvir (GT1), or sofosbuvir and ribavirin (GT2). Virological relapse occurred in only 1.0% (3/305) of the patients who completed treatment. The most common adverse events were pruritus and fatigue (>5% of patients). Serious adverse events were rare and discontinuation due to an adverse event was required for 1.6% of the patients.ConclusionsIn this real‐world cohort study, treatment with GLE/PIB achieved high SVR12 rates with a low rate of serious adverse events among patients with HCV GT1 or 2 infection.
Different domains of deprivation and their relationship with obesity in New Zealand 4‐year‐old children
Authors: Exeter Daniel J. , Shackleton Nichola , Browne Michael , Zhao Jinfeng , Lee Arier , Crengle Sue 
Published: March 2019

SummaryBackgroundThere is a relationship between childhood obesity and area‐level deprivation. While the New Zealand Index of Deprivation (NZDep) has been used widely in research for the past 20 years, the Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD) was released in 2017.This study aims to investigate the association between deprivation and childhood obesity in New Zealand and compare measures of deprivation.MethodsData from 316 794 4‐year‐olds in New Zealand undertaking the B4 School Check in 2010 to 2016, a national health and development screen, were analysed. Multilevel logistic regression models assessed the relationship between area‐level deprivation and individual‐level child obesity. Models were adjusted for age, sex, immigration status, ethnicity, and year. Deprivation was measured using the census‐based NZDep2013 (deciles) and the administrative data‐based IMD (deciles). The seven domains of the IMD were also considered.ResultsThe relationship between deprivation and obesity was very similar for the IMD and NZDep2013, point estimates were near identical, and confidence intervals overlapped substantially. Higher levels of deprivation were associated with a higher prevalence of child obesity. The relationship between deprivation and child obesity varied considerably across IMD domains. The education domain had the strongest association with child obesity and had an association with child obesity independent of the other domains of deprivation.ConclusionOverall, there was little difference between the NZDep and IMD. However, the IMD's domains and IMD‐1 approach reveal more nuanced understandings of the deprivation‐obesity gradient, including the importance of area‐level education deprivation for predicting child obesity rates.