bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Morpho-Molecular Identification, Pathogenicity Variation, Mating Biology, and Fumonisin Production of Fusarium Species in Zea mays L.
Authors: Atabaki Narges , Rahjoo Vahid , Hanafi Mohamed M. , Abiri Rambod , Zadeh Hamidreza Z. , Zamani Majid , Sahebi Mahbod , Valdiani Alireza 
Published: February 2019

Fusarium verticillioides and Fusarium proliferatum cause a wide range of maize diseases. These fungi produce dangerous mycotoxins, such as fumonisin B1, which are important threats to humans and animals. Given this predicament, the present study aimed to identify the fungi both molecular-morphologically and also investigate the pathogenicity variation and mating type of 41 Fusarium strains in maize (Zea mays L.) samples with sifting their fumonisin contents. Furthermore, species-specific primers for the molecular identification of distinct strains amplified 2 fragments of 578 and 800 bp in Fusarium verticillioides, while a single 585 bp band was amplified in Fusarium proliferatum. Accordingly, 24 isolates out of 41 were identified as F. verticillioides, and 13 isolates were identified as F. proliferatum. The fumonisin-producing and non-producing Fusarium strains were identified using the VERTF-1/VERTF-2 primers. A total of 24 isolates of F. verticillioides were positively scored based on the amplification of a single 400 bp fragment. The highest and lowest fumonisin content, as measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), belonged to strains MS1 and MG3, respectively, and ranged from 960-12673 and 4.07-23 ppm, respectively. Additionally, the mating type test showed that the sexual form of the studied Fusarium species could possibly belong to the A and D mating populations. In vivo and in vitro pathogenicity tests revealed a high susceptibility.
Elicitation of Phytoalexin rishitin in Potato Tuber Slices Infected by Fusarium spp., Does it Consider a Factor of Pathogenicity?
Authors: Mostafa Mostafa H. 
Published: February 2019

Potato tubers, under storage conditions, suffer from Fusarium dry rot disease caused by Fusarium spp. leading to devastating losses of stored tubers. Newly harvested tubers are resistance toward Fusarium infection, but disease becomes more vigorous by increasing storage period. Inoculation of potato tuber slices of Desiree cv. (highly susceptible) or Spunta cv. (highly resistant) either by a weak pathogen (F. moniliforme) or severe pathogen (F. solani) and tracking accumulation of phytoalexin rishitin in inoculated tissues at different intervals from inoculation revealed that Desiree cv. accumulated high amounts of rishitin in a very short time in comparison to another three tested situations. Dipping of potato tuber slices of both cvs. in different concentrations of the known antibiotic chloramphenicol prior to inoculation with a weak pathogen (F. moniliforme) led to increased disease severity associated with accumulation huge amounts of rishitin in inoculated tissues. The correlation coefficient between disease severity and rishitin production was +0.83. Moreover, the reaction of spunta cv. toward inoculation by a weak pathogen was changed from the state of resistance to very severe susceptibility. Since chloramphenicol affects protein synthesis on 70S ribosome’s, it was postulated that it prevents synthesis of factor(s) take a part in cell death during infection. Mitochondria extracted from potato tuber tissues secret compound(s) decreased rishitin synthesis in potato tuber slices treated with mycelia extract of F. solani. Treatment of isolated mitochondria with this antibiotic led to the elimination of this factor(s) from their secretions. Results obtained revealed that the elicitation of phytoalexins may consider one of pathogenicity factor of such system.
Goverment Management Transformation in Bandung Regency West Java, Indonesia (A Study at Department of Education and Culture)
Authors: Kartini Dede Sri 
Published: February 2019

Transformation is a transtition process from a certain period to the next phase, which happens due to the presence of innovation or alteration, wheter in structural or prosedural aspects, planned or unplanned. “ Basically, transformation is a continous process. It includes reframing, resructuring, revitalization and renewal. Bandung regency had held regional general elections (Pilkada) in 2015, and already transformed its goverment management, Eventough the Regent himself, as incumbent usually faces difficulties to implement transformation inside his burreucracy system. By using qualitative and descriptive method, the researcers had interviewed the Regent of Bandung, Chief of Bappeda (Regional Development Planning Agency), Chief of Department of Education and Non Govermental Organizations in Education sector. The result of this research described that in reframing aspects, the education system have been altering from the current progress, not only depended on Startegic Planning , but also acomodated new ideas to encourage the success of educational programs. Meanwhile, for recruiting aspects, the goverments found difficulties since the regulations from the National Goverment was not suitable within the needs in Bandung Regency. The revitalization aspects cannot be implemented yet, eventhough the Chief of Educations has already figure up the problem, such as the importance in buid Vocational School in Agriculture and Animal Husbandry. For renewal aspects, the goverment established “Edu Share” to socialize , facilitate and distribute scholarsips , and Doctorates Forum in Bandung Regency. Eventough the institutions is build outside the autority of Department of Education. The researchers concluded that , the shape of transformation in goverment management, especially in educational aspect has been dominated by the rules, whom did not able to adapt into the surrounding area, especially in Bandung Regency. Based on this condition, it is highly recommended, for the Chief of Education to be able to create activites which is consistent with the current rules, but also be able to satisfy the needs of society.Keywords: Reframing, Restructuring, Revitalizations, Renewal
KAJIAN REFORMASI BIROKRASI DI BADAN PUSAT STATISTIK SEBAGAI SISTEM TERBUKA
Authors: Anggorowati Yuni 
Published: February 2019

The purpose of the research is to analyze the bureaucratic reform process at the Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS-Statistics Indonesia). The research used organizational approach as an open system. This approach is carried out to provide an overview of how BPS strategic environment, as a source of information to review the background, processes and achievements of bureaucratic reform. As the basis for formulating policies, especially improving human resources and public services. This study uses descriptive methods to examine each stage of the bureaucratic reform process. the results of this study shows that the BPS bureaucratic reform is a process of adaptation to environmental changes to reach a higher level.
New data on the Oriental Xantholinini 39. New species and new records from the Philippines (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae)
Authors: Bordoni Arnaldo 
Published: February 2019

Thyreocephalus dustucheus Bordoni, 2002 EXAMINED MATERIAL. Philippines, S Luzon, Bicol, Camarines Sur, Tigaon, I. Lumaawig I.2015, 1 ex. (cB); Mindanao, Compostela, Masala, I. Lumawig I.2015, 2 exx. (MZF), 1 ex.cB); Mindanao, Bukidnon, Kabanglasan, I. Lumawig XII.2014, 1 ex. (MZF). NOTE. This is an endemic Philippine species (Bordoni, 2002). New record for Mindanao. This is the first record since the description of the species. I provide a figure of the head and pronotum (Fig. 1).
Thyreocephalus omaleus Bordoni, 2002 EXAMINED MATERIAL. Philippines, NE Luzon, Sierra Madre, Quirino, leg. ? IX.2012, 1 ♂ (cI); N Luzon, Cagayan, leg. ? VI. 2011, 1 ♂ (cB). NOTE. This is an endemic species of the Philippines (Bordoni, 2002). New record for Luzon. This is the first record since the description of the species. I provide a figure of the head and pronotum (Fig. 2).
Metolinus libertatis Bordoni, 2002 EXAMINED MATERIAL. Philippines, Negros, Mt Canla-on, D. Mohagan II.2009, 1 ♂. (cI), 1 ♀. (cB). NOTE. This species was described from Panay (Libertad Fluss). New record for Negros. This is the first record since the description of the species.
Metolinus finettii sp. n. EXAMINED MATERIAL. Holotype ♂: Philippines, Palawan, San Vicente env., C. Finetti I.2009 (cB). DESCRIPTION. Length of body 3.7 mm; from anterior margin of head to posterior margin of elytra: 2.1 mm. Body shiny, entirely light brown; antennae and legs yellowishbrown. Head quadrangular. Eyes large and protruding. Surface of head with traces of transverse micro-striation and very few, isolated punctures. Pronotum longer than head, anteriorly a little dilated where it is as wide as head, with oblique anterior margins and rounded sides. Surface with dorsal series of 3-4 fine punctures and lateral series of 2-3 very fine punctures. Elytra sub-rectangular, longer and a little wider than pronotum, with sub-rectilinear an sub-parallel sides, and rounded humeral angles. Surface with very fine, sparse puncturation arranged in three series, one near the suture, one median and one lateral. Abdomen without micro-sculpture, with very fine and very sparse puncturation on the sides. Tergite and sternite of the male genital segment as in Figs 3-4. Aedeagus (Fig. 5) 0.74 mm long, with large median lobe; parameres long and narrow; inner sac with two basal, long spines, a median series of short, little spinulae and a group of distal spines.
PREGNANCY IN THALASSEMIA
Authors: Origa Raffaella , Comitini Federica 
Published: February 2019

Therapeutic advances, including the availability of oral iron chelators and new non-invasive methods for early detection and treatment of iron overload, have significantly improved the life expectancy and quality of life of patients with thalassemia, with a consequent increase in their reproductive potential and desire to have children. Hundreds of pregnancies have been reported so far, highlighting that women carefully managed during preconception usually carry out a successful gestation and labour, both in case of spontaneous conception and use of assisted reproductive techniques. A multidisciplinary team including a cardiologist, an endocrinologist and a gynaecologist, with the supervision of an expert in beta-thalassemia should be involved.
During pregnancy, a close follow-up of maternal disorders and of the baby's status is recommended. Haemoglobin should be maintained over 10 g/dL to to allow normal foetal growth. Chelators are not recommended during pregnancy; nevertheless, it may reasonable to consider restarting chelation therapy with desferrioxamine towards the end of the second trimester when the potential benefit outweighs the potential foetal risk.
Women with non-transfusion-dependent thalassemia who have never previously been transfused or who have received only minimal transfusion therapy are at risk of severe alloimmune anaemia if blood transfusions are required during pregnancy. Since pregnancy increases the risk of thrombosis three-fold to four-fold and thalassemia is also a hypercoagulable state, the recommendation is to keep women who are at higher risk -such as those who are not regularly transfused and those splenectomised- on prophylaxis during pregnancy and during the postpartum period.

Keywords:Pregnancy, Thalassemia major, Thalassemia intermedia, Haemoglobin H disease, Counselling
Evaluation of heavy metals in some selected medicinal plants growing within the University of Ibadan Campus
Authors: Rufai Samsideen O. , Olaniyi Musbau B. , Lawal Ibraheem O. 
Published: February 2019

Background: Medicinal plants are a potent source of therapeutic molecules that heal various diseases in the world.Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate heavy metal concentrations in the leaves of some selected medicinal plants in selected locations.Setting: The leaves of Azadirachta indica, Magnifera indica and Newbouldia laevis were collected from the botanical garden, roadside and residential area in the University of Ibadan and were authenticated at the Forest Herbarium Ibadan. The samples were thoroughly washed with deionised water and air-dried at room temperature for about three weeks, then ground into powder with a mechanical grinder. The samples were subsequently stored in air-tight bottles for further work.Methods: The milled samples were subjected to wet digestion, and then lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd) and nickel (Ni) were analysed using standard methods.Results: The results obtained show that the highest concentrations of Pb, Cr and Cd in the medicinal plants studied were found in N. laevis (23.93 ppm; road side), N. laevis (4.79 ppm; road side) and M. indica (0.36 ppm; road side), respectively, while the lowest concentrations of Pb, Cr and Cd were found in A. indica (7.10 ppm; botanical garden), N. laevis (0.73 ppm; residential) and N. laevis (0.05 ppm; residential), respectively. Ni was totally undetected in all three medicinal plants studied in all the locations.Conclusion: The concentrations of heavy metals at the roadside and residential area were higher than permissible limits set for medicinal plants, but the botanical garden was the lowest and safest in terms of heavy metals accumulation in the medicinal plants studied in the three locations.
Catastrophic musculoskeletal injuries in Thoroughbred racehorses on racetracks in Gauteng, South Africa
Authors: Spargo Keith E. , Rubio-Martinez Luis M. , Wheeler Dale P. , Fletcher Lizelle , Carstens Ann 
Published: February 2019

The incidence and types of catastrophic musculoskeletal injuries in Thoroughbreds that resulted in euthanasia on selected racetracks in South Africa between 1998 and 2012 were investigated by an observational retrospective investigation. Data from the National Horseracing Authority of Southern Africa for these racetracks were used to calculate incidence rates in Thoroughbreds (n = 114) that sustained catastrophic musculoskeletal injuries during racing that required immediate euthanasia, based on the diagnosis made by the on-site veterinarian as well as on fetlock radiographs and dissections of 53 cadaver limbs of horses that sustained a catastrophic musculoskeletal injury. The proximal sesamoid bones and the distal suspensory ligament were involved in 55.26% of horses; 73.58% of the cadaver limb radiographs were of the left forelimb, 64.15% were closed fractures, and 74.47% had biaxial proximal sesamoid bone fractures. Catastrophic musculoskeletal injuries occurred almost exclusively unilaterally and involved mostly the left front leg. The average incidence rate for a catastrophic musculoskeletal injury occurring in a year at any of the tracks was 0.6 of 1000 starts.
Systolic stretching of the ascending aorta
Authors: Plonek Tomasz , Rylski Bartosz , Nawrocki Pawel , Beyersdorf Friedhelm , Jasinski Marek , Kuliczkowski Wiktor 
Published: February 2019

IntroductionLongitudinal stretching of the aorta due to systolic heart motion contributes to the stress in the wall of the ascending aorta. The objective of this study was to assess longitudinal systolic stretching of the aorta and its correlation with the diameters of the ascending aorta and the aortic root.Material and methodsAortographies of 122 patients were analyzed. The longitudinal systolic stretching of the aorta caused by the contraction of the heart during systole and the maximum dimensions of the aortic root and ascending aorta were measured in all patients.ResultsThe maximum dimension of the aortic root was on average 34.9 ±4.5 mm and the mean diameter of the ascending aorta was 33.9 ±5.4 mm. The systolic aortic stretching negatively correlated with age (r = –0.49, p < 0.001) and the diameter of the tubular ascending aorta (r = –0.44, p < 0.001). There was no significant correlation between the stretching and the dimension of the aortic root (r = –0.11, p = 0.239). There was a statistically significant (p < 0.001) difference in the longitudinal aortic stretching values between patients with a normal aortic valve (10.6 ±3.1 mm) and an aortic valve pathology (8.0 ±3.2 mm in all patients with an aortic valve pathology; 7.5 ±4.3 mm in isolated aortic stenosis, 8.5 ±2.9 mm in the case of isolated insufficiency, 8.2 ±2.8 mm for valves that were both stenotic and insufficient).ConclusionsSystolic aortic stretching negatively correlates with the diameter of the tubular ascending aorta and the age of the patients, and does not correlate with the diameter of the aortic root. It is lower in patients with an aortic valve pathology.
Optimism mediates the relationships between meaning in life and subjective and psychological well-being among late adolescents
Authors: Krok Dariusz , Telka Ewa 
Published: February 2019

BackgroundThe concepts of meaning in life and well-being appear to have structural and functional connections, which become even more noticeable when examining their role in individuals’ daily functioning. One of the prospective variables which can play a mediational role between meaning in life and subjective and psychological well-being may be optimism, which also holds an important motivational value for young people. The aim of this study was to examine the predictive value of meaning in life and optimism, and indirect effects between meaning in life and subjective and psychological well-being among Polish late adoles-cents within the self-concordant model.Participants and procedureA total of 205 participants (104 female and 101 male; mean age = 18.31 years) from Poland completed five scales measuring meaning in life, optimism, and well-being. They completed the following measures: the Personal Meaning Profile, the Life Ori-entation Test–Revised, the Satisfaction With Life Scale, the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, and the Psychological Well-Being Scale.ResultsResults of SEM analysis demonstrated that meaning in life and optimism were positively related to both subjective and psycho-logical well-being. Optimism served as a partial mediator in the relationships between meaning in life and subjective and psy-chological well-being.ConclusionsThe mediating effect of optimism was explained within the self-concordance model. Consistent with the model, meaning in life had an enhancing effect on late adolescents’ experience of optimism on the basis of self-concordant goals, which in turn led to improving their subjective and psychological well-being.
The relationship between self-control and temperament: a contribution to the self-control definition debate
Authors: Nęcka Edward , Korona-Golec Klaudia , Hlawacz Teresa , Nowak Michał , Gruszka-Gosiewska Aleksandra 
Published: February 2019

BackgroundSelf-control, as one of the most popular research topics, requires strong definition boundaries to enable generalization of the results. There are inconsistencies between researchers in the understanding of the concept, due to the fact that self-control is a complex phenomenon that involves many psychological functions and has a strong impact on human everyday performance. This research contributes to a wider scientific debate on self-control’s theoretical framework by examining its relationship with Jan Strelau’s theory of temperament.Participants and procedureOne hundred sixty-four adults (95 women) were asked to fill in two paper-and-pencil questionnaires: NAS-50, measuring self-control and its five factors (goal maintenance, proactive control, initiative and persistence, inhibition and adjournment, switching and flexibility), and FCB-TI, measuring six dimensions of temperament (briskness, perseverance, sensory sensitivity, emotional reactivity, endurance, and activity).ResultsThree FCB-TI subscales – briskness, sensory sensitivity, and low level of emotional reactivity –were found to explain 35% of NAS-50 overall score variance. Activity showed a correlation only with the switching and flexibility subscale of NAS-50. Pro-active control showed no correlation with FCB-TI scales at all.ConclusionsSelf-control and temperament are linked, although the shared variance is too small to justify unification of these two constructs. Successful self-control is supported by briskness, sensory sensitivity, and low level of emotional reactivity.
A systematic approach in the diagnosis of paediatric skull lesions: what radiologists need to know
Authors: Choudhary Gagandeep , Udayasankar Unni , Saade Charbel , Winegar Blair , Maroun Gilbert , Chokr Jad 
Published: February 2019

Paediatric skull lesions are commonly identified on imaging. They can be challenging to image, given their location and size, and often require several imaging modalities to narrow down the differential diagnosis. Accurate diagnosis of these lesions is paramount because the clinical therapy can vary tremendously. In this review, we provide a simple and systematic approach to clinical-radiological features of primary skull lesions. We highlight the imaging characteristics and differentiate pathologies based on imaging appearances. We also accentuate the role of cross-sectional imaging in lesion identification and management implications.
The field and laboratory study of the collection samples of onion breed Allium cepa L.
Authors: Nemtinov Victor , Kostanchuk Yulia , Motyleva Svetlana , Timasheva Lidiya , Pekhova Olga , Kulikov Ivan , Medvedev Sergei , Bokhan Alexander 
Published: February 2019

Thirteen collection samples of Allium cepa L. of different ecology-geographical origin grown in the Crimea conditions are given. Morphometric characteristics of the bulbs - the form index, the diameter, the height, the weight, the thickness and the quantity of rich skins are analyzed. The greatest output of standart production (90 - 95.6%) was observed for all breeds. The biochemical values of the Allium cepa L. samples under study were examined by the traditional methods. It is marked that the dry substances, the sugars sum, the mono- and disaccharides in the majority of the samples exceed the standart (Yaltinsky rubin) on 14 - 39%, 11 - 48% and 36 - 150% correspondently. The samples with the high concentration of essential oil are singled out: Yaltinsky rubin (Crimea), Tavrichesky (Crimea), Blood red flat (Netherlands) and Brown Beauty (USA) - 4.5, 6.2, 5.6 and 4.4% correspondently. The microsculpture of Allium cepa L. leaf was studied by the method of raster electron mi-croscopy and the essential breed differences of the stomata quantity and their arrangement towards the leaf level were distinguished. The results of electron-microscopic research indicate the different level of Allium cepa L. samples adaptability. Allium cepa L. samples under study of the southern subspecies are recommended for the development of the new breeds with the advanced nutritional qualities.