bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Creation of an Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) Guideline for neonatal intestinal surgery patients: a knowledge synthesis and consensus generation approach and protocol study
Authors: Gibb Ashleigh C N , Crosby Megan A , McDiarmid Caraline , Urban Denisa , Lam Jennifer Y K , Wales Paul W , Brockel Megan , Raval Mehul , Offringa Martin , Skarsgard Erik D , Wester Tomas , Wong Kenneth , de Beer David , Nelson Gregg , Brindle Mary E 
Published: December 2018

IntroductionEnhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) guidelines integrate evidence-based practices into multimodal care pathways designed to optimise patient recovery following surgery. The objective of this project is to create an ERAS protocol for neonatal abdominal surgery. The protocol will identify and attempt to bridge the gaps between current practices and best evidence. Our study is the first paediatric ERAS protocol endorsed by the International ERAS Society.MethodsA research team consisting of international clinical and family stakeholders as well as methodological experts have iteratively defined the scope of the protocol in addition to individual topic areas. A modified Delphi method was used to reach consensus. The second phase will include a series of knowledge syntheses involving a rapid review coupled with expert opinion. Potential protocol elements supported by synthesised evidence will be identified. The Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system will be used to determine strength of recommendations and the quality of evidence. The third phase will involve creation of the protocol using a modified RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method. Group consensus will be used to rate each element in relation to the quality of evidence supporting the recommendation and the appropriateness for guideline inclusion. This protocol will form the basis of a future implementation study.Ethics and disseminationThis study has been registered with the ERAS Society. Human ethics approval (REB 18–0579) is in place to engage patient families within protocol development. This research is to be published in peer-reviewed journals and will form the care standard for neonatal intestinal surgery.
Assessment of workplace bullying: reliability and validity of an Arabic version of the Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised (NAQ-R)
Authors: Makarem Nisrine N , Tavitian-Elmadjian Lucy R , Brome Dayana , Hamadeh Ghassan N , Einarsen Ståle 
Published: December 2018

IntroductionInterest in workplace bullying has been steadily growing since the 1990s, focusing on understanding its driving factors, prevalence rates in different occupations and countries, its consequences, as well as the characteristics of the typical bully and victim. Currently, the Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised (NAQ-R) is the most frequently used questionnaire to assess workplace bullying. Studies in the Arab world are scarce and to date the NAQ-R has not been validated in Arabic, the official or co-official language in around 25 countries in the Middle East and Asia. The aim of this study was therefore to develop an Arabic version of NAQ-R.Materials and methods447 participants aged 18–70 years were recruited through convenient sampling. Exclusion criteria were illiteracy and employment for less than 6 months. Participants were recruited from shops, banks, travel agencies and restaurants in an area in central Beirut around a tertiary care medical centre.A two-stage process was employed to translate the original version of NAQ-R to Arabic. This translated version along with validated Arabic versions of the Satisfaction with Life Scale and the Beck Depression Inventory II were distributed to participants.ResultsA 14-item two-factor NAQ-R, with subscales of person-related and work-related bullying, was supported. Reliability coefficients for total and subscale scores of the NAQ-R ranged from 0.63 to 0.90. The Arabic NAQ-R had good concurrent validity as indicated by significant correlations with depression and satisfaction with life (p< 0.05).ConclusionNAQ-R was translated to Arabic and adapted. The results revealed acceptable levels of reliability and construct validity. As for the underlying factor structure, it needs to be further supported.
Mobile phone use and incidence of brain tumour histological types, grading or anatomical location: a population-based ecological study
Authors: Karipidis Ken , Elwood Mark , Benke Geza , Sanagou Masoumeh , Tjong Lydiawati , Croft Rodney J 
Published: December 2018

ObjectiveSome studies have reported increasing trends in certain brain tumours and a possible link with mobile phone use has been suggested. We examined the incidence time trends of brain tumour in Australia for three distinct time periods to ascertain the influence of improved diagnostic technologies and increase in mobile phone use on the incidence of brain tumours.DesignIn a population-based ecological study, we examined trends of brain tumour over the periods 1982–1992, 1993–2002 and 2003–2013. We further compared the observed incidence during the period of substantial mobile phone use (2003–2013) with predicted (modelled) incidence for the same period by applying various relative risks, latency periods and mobile phone use scenarios.SettingNational Australian incidence registration data on primary cancers of the brain diagnosed between 1982 and 2013.Population16 825 eligible brain cancer cases aged 20–59 from all of Australia (10 083 males and 6742 females).Main outcome measuresAnnual percentage change (APC) in brain tumour incidence based on Poisson regression analysis.ResultsThe overall brain tumour rates remained stable during all three periods. There was an increase in glioblastoma during 1993–2002 (APC 2.3, 95% CI 0.8 to 3.7) which was likely due to advances in the use of MRI during that period. There were no increases in any brain tumour types, including glioma (−0.6, –1.4 to 0.2) and glioblastoma (0.8, –0.4 to 2.0), during the period of substantial mobile phone use from 2003 to 2013. During that period, there was also no increase in glioma of the temporal lobe (0.5, –1.3 to 2.3), which is the location most exposed when using a mobile phone. Predicted incidence rates were higher than the observed rates for latency periods up to 15 years.ConclusionsIn Australia, there has been no increase in any brain tumour histological type or glioma location that can be attributed to mobile phones.
A Group-Based Buffer Management for SSD
Authors: Liu Yan , Xu Jilong , Xie Guoqi , Zhang Zaimei , Li Keqin 
Published: December 2018

Random writes limit the application of SSDs significantly because of their poor latency and high garbage collection overhead. Traditional page-based and block-based buffer management algorithms cannot achieve both high buffer hit ratio and good destage sequentiality at the same time. In this paper, we propose a hybrid scheme called the group-based buffer management (GBBM). To improve buffer hit ratio and decrease write/erase counts, GBBM divides buffer space into Page Region and Group Region. The frequently accessed data pages are placed at the Page Region, while infrequently accessed random written data are grouped in the Group Region. GBBM has been evaluated extensively through simulations. The write counts of GBBM show an average decrease of 12.7% compared with page-level buffer scheme. Compared with hybrid buffer management such as CBM, GBBM decreases the average write/erase count by 14.3%/12.1%. The write hit ratio of GBBM shows a 4.5% improvement as compared with PAB. The proposed GBBM can significantly reduce the number of write operations while maintaining a relatively high buffer hit ratio.
Adaptive deep learning model selection on embedded systems
Authors: Taylor Ben , Marco Vicent Sanz , Wolff Willy , Elkhatib Yehia , Wang Zheng 
Published: December 2018

The recent ground-breaking advances in deep learning networks (DNNs) make them attractive for embedded systems. However, it can take a long time for DNNs to make an inference on resource-limited embedded devices. Offloading the computation into the cloud is often infeasible due to privacy concerns, high latency, or the lack of connectivity. As such, there is a critical need to find a way to effectively execute the DNN models locally on the devices.
This paper presents an adaptive scheme to determine which DNN model to use for a given input, by considering the desired accuracy and inference time. Our approach employs machine learning to develop a predictive model to quickly select a pre-trained DNN to use for a given input and the optimization constraint. We achieve this by first training off-line a predictive model, and then use the learnt model to select a DNN model to use for new, unseen inputs. We apply our approach to the image classification task and evaluate it on a Jetson TX2 embedded deep learning platform using the ImageNet ILSVRC 2012 validation dataset. We consider a range of influential DNN models. Experimental results show that our approach achieves a 7.52% improvement in inference accuracy, and a 1.8x reduction in inference time over the most-capable single DNN model.
Compositionality in scenario-aware dataflow: a rendezvous perspective
Authors: Skelin Mladen , Geilen Marc 
Published: December 2018

Finite-state machine-based scenario-aware dataflow (FSM-SADF) is a dynamic dataflow model of computation that combines streaming data and finite-state control. For the most part, it preserves the determinism of its underlying synchronous dataflow (SDF) concurrency model and only when necessary introduces the non-deterministic variation in terms of scenarios that are represented by SDF graphs. This puts FSM-SADF in a sweet spot in the trade-off space between expressiveness and analyzability.
However, FSM-SADF supports no notion of compositionality, which hampers its usability in modeling and consequent analysis of large systems.
In this work we propose a compositional semantics for FSM-SADF that overcomes this problem.
We base the semantics of the composition on standard composition of processes with rendezvous communication in the style of CCS or CSP at the control level and the parallel, serial and feedback composition of SDF graphs at the dataflow level.
We evaluate the approach on a case study from the multimedia domain.
Hepatic Endothelial Notch Activation Protects against Liver Metastasis by Regulating Endothelial-Tumor Cell Adhesion Independent of Angiocrine Signaling
Authors: Wohlfeil Sebastian A. , Häfele Verena , Dietsch Bianca , Schledzewski Kai , Winkler Manuel , Zierow Johanna , Leibing Thomas , Mohammadi Mona Malek , Heineke Joerg , Sticht Carsten , Olsavszky Victor , Koch Philipp-Sebastian , Géraud Cyrill , Goerdt Sergij 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

The interaction of tumor cells with organ-specific endothelial cells (EC) is an important step during metastatic progression. Notch signaling in organ-specific niches has been implicated in mediating opposing effects on organotropic metastasis to the lungs and the liver, respectively. In this study, we scrutinized the role of endothelial Notch activation during liver metastasis. To target hepatic EC (HEC), a novel EC subtype-specific Cre driver mouse was generated. Clec4g-Cretg/wt mice were crossed to Rosa26N1ICD-IRES-GFP to enhance Notch signaling in HEC (NICDOE-HEC). In NICDOE-HEC mice, hepatic metastasis of malignant melanoma and colorectal carcinoma was significantly reduced. These mice revealed reduced liver growth and impaired metabolic zonation due to suppression of hepatic angiocrine Wnt signaling. Hepatic metastasis, however, was not controlled by angiocrine Wnt signaling, as deficiency of the Wnt cargo receptor Wls in HEC of WlsHEC-KO mice did not affect hepatic metastasis. In contrast, the hepatic microvasculature in NICDOE-HEC mice revealed a special form of sinusoidal capillarization, with effacement of endothelial zonation functionally paralleled by reduced tumor cell adhesion in vivo. Notably, expression of endothelial adhesion molecule ICAM1 by HEC was significantly reduced. Treatment with an anti-ICAM1 antibody significantly inhibited tumor cell adhesion to HEC in wild-type mice confirming that Notch controls hepatic metastasis via modulation of HEC adhesion molecules. As endothelial Notch activation in the lung has been shown to promote lung metastasis, tumor therapy will require approaches that target Notch in an organ-, cell type-, and context-specific manner.

Significance:
Manipulation of Notch signaling in the endothelium has opposing, organ-specific effects on metastasis to the lung and the liver, demonstrating that this pathway should be targeted in a cell- and context-specific fashion.
Radiosensitivity Is an Acquired Vulnerability of PARPi-Resistant BRCA1-Deficient Tumors
Authors: Barazas Marco , Gasparini Alessia , Huang Yike , Küçükosmanoğlu Asli , Annunziato Stefano , Bouwman Peter , Sol Wendy , Kersbergen Ariena , Proost Natalie , de Korte-Grimmerink Renske , van de Ven Marieke , Jonkers Jos , Borst Gerben R. , Rottenberg Sven 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

The defect in homologous recombination (HR) found in BRCA1-associated cancers can be therapeutically exploited by treatment with DNA-damaging agents and PARP inhibitors. We and others previously reported that BRCA1-deficient tumors are initially hypersensitive to the inhibition of topoisomerase I/II and PARP, but acquire drug resistance through restoration of HR activity by the loss of end-resection antagonists of the 53BP1/RIF1/REV7/Shieldin/CST pathway. Here, we identify radiotherapy as an acquired vulnerability of 53BP1;BRCA1-deficient cells in vitro and in vivo. In contrast to the radioresistance caused by HR restoration through BRCA1 reconstitution, HR restoration by 53BP1 pathway inactivation further increases radiosensitivity. This highlights the relevance of this pathway for the repair of radiotherapy-induced damage. Moreover, our data show that BRCA1-mutated tumors that acquire drug resistance due to BRCA1-independent HR restoration can be targeted by radiotherapy.

Significance:
These findings uncover radiosensitivity as a novel, therapeutically viable vulnerability of BRCA1-deficient mouse mammary cells that have acquired drug resistance due to the loss of the 53BP1 pathway.
Alternative Acts: Oncogenic Splicing of Steroidogenic Enzymes in Prostate Cancer
Authors: Mostaghel Elahe A. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Castration-resistant prostate cancer is characterized by loss of the androgen inactivation enzyme HSD17B2, emphasizing the importance of intratumoral androgens in tumor progression. Inactive isoforms generated by alternative splicing destabilize the wild-type enzyme, adding steroidogenesis to other prostate cancer drivers that undergo oncogenic splicing, highlighting aberrant splicing as a therapeutic target.
See related article by Gao et al., p. 1291
Virus, Vessel, Victory: A Novel Approach to Tumor Killing
Authors: Bykov Yonina , Zamarin Dmitriy 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Ovarian cancer is intimately dependent on aberrant tumor vasculature. A unique therapeutic approach combining a systemic oncolytic virus with a novel vascular-normalizing agent in ovarian cancer demonstrates the potential to enhance antitumor efficacy through improved delivery of the virus and enhanced infiltration of immune cells into the tumors.
See related article by Matuszewska et al., p. 1624
Associations of Echocardiography Markers and Vascular Brain Lesions: The ARIC Study
Authors: Johansen Michelle C. , Shah Amil M. , Lirette Seth T. , Griswold Michael , Mosley Thomas H. , Solomon Scott D. , Gottesman Rebecca F. 
Published: December 2018

Background
Associations between subtle changes in cardiac and cerebral structure and function are not well understood, with some studies suggesting that subclinical cardiac changes may be associated with markers of vascular brain insult.

Methods and Results

Data from the ARIC (Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities) Study (5th
ARIC
visit; 2011‐2013; N=1974) were used to explore relationships between abnormalities of cardiac structure/function and subclinical brain disease and to test specific associations between those cardiac and vascular brain changes that share a common mechanism. In adjusted models white matter hyperintensities were 0.66 cm
3
greater (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.08‐1.25) for every 1‐mm increase in left ventricular
LV
wall thickness and 0.64 cm
3
greater (95%
CI
0.19‐1.08) for every 10 g/m
2
increase in
LV
mass index, both markers of
LV
structure. Odds of brain infarction also increased with greater
LV
wall thickness (odds ratio 1.11, 95%
CI
1.01‐1.23 per 1 mm) and larger
LV
mass (odds ratio 1.08, 95%
CI
1.00‐1.17 per 10 g/m
2
). Higher ejection fraction (per 5%), a marker of systolic function, was significantly associated with decreased odds of overall infarct (odds ratio 0.85, 95%
CI
0.77‐0.95), but not with cortical infarction (odds ratio 0.92, 95%
CI
0.78‐1.08).

Conclusions

Among elderly participants in a large cohort study, subclinical markers of
LV
structure and
LV
systolic dysfunction were associated with increased odds of brain infarction and more white matter hyperintensities, independent of other vascular risk factors. This suggests end‐organ dysfunction occurs in the heart and brain in parallel, with further studies needed to determine causality.
Große Helden in unruhigen Zeiten
Authors: Langbroek Erika , Brands Francis 
Published: December 2018

The many similarities between two late-medieval novels, the High German Herzog Herpin and the Low German Valentyn vnde Namelos, have led the authors to the following considerations. What function did the Herpin have for the highborn young in wide circles of the impoverished nobility in the fifteenth century? And could one see in Namelos vnde Valentyn in the Hanseatic North an attempt to imitate the South, namely, as an indication of the growing awareness of a northerly new “nobility”, of the prosperous merchant on the Baltic coast?
Die vielen Übereinstimmungen zwischen zwei spätmittelalterlichen Romanen, dem hochdeutschen Herzog Herpin und dem niederdeutschen Valentyn vnde Namelos haben zu den folgenden Erwägungen geführt: Welche Funktion hatte der Herpin für die adlige Jugend in weiten Kreisen des verarmten Adels im 15. Jahrhundert? Und könnte man in Namelos vnde Valentyn im hanseatischen Norden einen Versuch sehen, es dem Süden nachzumachen, nämlich als Zeichen des zunehmenden Bewusstseins eines nördlichen neuen ‘Adels’, des wohlhabenden Kaufmannes an der Ostseeküste?
This article is in German Language.
“Ih wallota sumaro enti wintro sehstic”: The Familiar and the Foreign in Old Germanic Studies
Authors: Porck Thijs 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
This collection celebrates the thirtieth anniversary of the Dutch Society for Old Germanic studies, the Vereniging voor Oudgermanisten. The collection brings together contributions by both veteran and early career members of the society and centres on the theme of the encounter between the familiar and the foreign. This theme is also of central importance in one of the most widely studied Old Germanic poems, the Hildebrandslied. This poem features the culmination of Hildebrand’s thirty-year exile: a one-on-one fight with his estranged son.
In Search of a Founding Mother: The Case of Auðr djúpauðga in Sturlubók
Authors: Vanherpen Sofie 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
This article presents an analysis of the tale of Auðr djúpauðga Ketilsdóttir and her family in Sturlubók—a masterful piece of storytelling praising an exemplary female settler and founding mother. Sturlubók preserves a unique representation of Auðr djúpauðga. What emerges from Sturla Þórðarson’s redaction of Landnámabók is not only an unambiguous depiction of Auðr djúpauðga but also a portrait that differs significantly from the one found in Laxdæla saga.
Monophthongization of ay/ai and aw/au: A Comparison between Arabic and Germanic Dialects
Authors: Philippa Kariem , Philippa Marlies , Roeleveld Annelies 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
In this paper, the author compares the monophthongization of ai/ay and au/aw in Old Germanic dialects and Arabic dialects. The main question is whether the monophthongizations of ai and au into ē and ō in the Germanic and Arabic dialects are phonologically comparable. This turns out to be the case to a large extent. In both linguistic groups there were biphonematic diphthongs in the protophase, followed by a monophonematic period, after which monophthongization could occur. Moreover, in both groups there were dialects without monopthongization and other dialects in which monophthongization was not finished and intermediate forms like ei and ou occurred. Another question is whether contacts between Germans and Arabs played a part in mutual monophthongization. This turns out to be highly unlikely.
Intriguingly, a different monophthongization should be taken into account as well: au and ai into ā and a, which also occurs in both dialect groups. I have conformed to the Arabist terminology for distinguishing between these monophthongizations: monopthongizations into ē and ō are called contraction monophtongizations, those into ā and a they call elision monophthongizations.
Raub, Überfall und die Abwehr von Migranten in der Lex Salica (Titel xiv,1–8 + 11 und Auslagerungen, = D xv f.)
Authors: Seebold Elmar 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Discussed are the Old Franconian glosses in regulations against robbery, attacks, and repulsion of migrants. The words listed at the end of the text (Ergebnisse) are discussed in detail.
On the Sameness of Thoughts. Substitutional Quantifiers, Tense, and Belief
Authors: Santambrogio Marco 
Published: December 2018

In order to know what a belief is, we need to know when it is appropriate to say that two subjects (or the same subject at two different times) believe(s) the same or entertain the same thought. This is not entirely straightforward. Consider for instance
1. Tom thinks that he himself is the smartest and Tim believes the same
2. In 2001, Bill believed that some action had to be taken to save the rain forest and today he believes the same.
What does Tim think? That he, Tim, is the smartest, or that Tom is? And what does Bill believe today? That action had to be taken in 2001 or that it has to be taken now? Both answers are intuitively acceptable. This has to be accounted for somehow.
Building on Mark Richard's work on tense, Scott Soames 1 claims that the substitutional interpretation of the quantifiers is unable to account for the intended meaning of such statements as (2) and the validity of some inferences involving them. I will show that his argument is not convincing. Not only does the substitutional interpretation fare no worse than the objectual one, but it seems to be able to avoid a problem which could be seriously damaging for any account of the sameness of thoughts based on the notion of structured proposition. In the first section, I state the problem allegedly raised by tensed belief ascriptions to the substitutional interpretation of the quantifiers. In the second, Soames's argument is shown to be flawed. I also show that the content of the that-clause in (2) is not faithfully represented by any kind of structured proposition. Finally, I show how the substitutional interpretation can handle all such statements as (1) and (2) and the inferences involving them.