bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diaphragm thickening in cardiac surgery: a perioperative prospective ultrasound study
Authors: Moury Pierre-Henri , Cuisinier Adrien , Durand Michel , Bosson Jean-Luc , Chavanon Olivier , Payen Jean-François , Jaber Samir , Albaladejo Pierre 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Background
Diaphragm paresis is common after cardiac surgery and may delay the weaning from the ventilator. Our objective was to evaluate diaphragm thickening during weaning and secondly the muscle thickness as a marker of myotrauma.

Methods
Patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery were prospectively included. Ultrasonic index of right hemidiaphragm thickening fraction (TF) was measured as a surrogate criterion of work of breathing. A TF < 20% was defined as a low diaphragm thickening. Measurements of TF were performed during three periods to study diaphragm thickening evolution defined by the difference between two consecutive time line point: preoperative (D − 1), during a spontaneous breathing trial (SBT) in the intensive care unit and postoperative (D + 1). We studied three patterns of diaphragm thickness at end expiration evolution from D − 1 to D + 1: > 10% decrease, stability and > 10% increase. Demographical data, length of surgery, type of surgery, ICU length of stay (LOS) and extubation failure were collected.

Results
Of the 100 consecutively included patients, 75 patients had a low diaphragm thickening during SBT. Compared to TF values at D − 1 (36% ± 18), TF was reduced during SBT (17% ± 14) and D + 1 (12% ± 11) (P < 0.0001). Thickness and TF did not change according to the type of surgery or cooling method. TF at SBT was correlated to the length of surgery (both r = − 0.4; P < 0.0001). Diaphragm thickness as continuous variable did not change over time. Twenty-eight patients (42%) had a > 10% decrease thickness, 19 patients (29%) stability and 19 patients (28%) in > 10% increase, and this thickness evolution pattern was associated with: a longer LOS 3 days [2–5] versus 2 days [2–4] and 2 days [2], respectively (ANOVA P = 0.046), and diaphragm thickening evolution (ANOVA P = 0.02). Two patients experience extubation failure.

Conclusion
These findings indicate that diaphragm thickening is frequently decreased after elective cardiac surgery without impact on respiratory outcome, whereas an altered thickness pattern was associated with a longer length of stay in the ICU. Contractile activity influenced thickness evolution.
Trial registry number ClinicalTrial.gov ID NCT02208479
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in non-treatment-resistant depression
Authors: Kiebs Maximilian , Hurlemann René , Mutz Julian 
Published: April 2019

SummaryRepetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been investigated as treatment for major depressive episodes since the early 1990s. Using data from a recent meta-analysis, we show that most patients included in randomised trials display relatively high degrees of treatment resistance. This might have unfavourably biased the clinical reputation of rTMS.Declaration of interestsM.K. has received a lecture fee from Innomed Medizintechnik in 2017 and 2018.
Commentary on… the overlapping and distinct resting functional connectivity between autism spectrum disorder and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
Authors: Mehra Chirag , Absoud Michael 
Published: April 2019

SummaryAltered neural connectivity in neurodevelopmental disorders is likely subtle, meaning that neuroimaging literature studying development has produced heterogeneous findings. A recent study, published in this issue, illustrates the translational potential of functional connectivity magnetic resonance imaging findings as a biomarker for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder. Importantly, it highlights the overlap between disorders, emphasising the need for transdiagnostic and dimensional approaches in neurodevelopment.Declaration of interestNone.
Cord Blood Vitamin D Status Is Associated With Cord Blood Insulin and C-Peptide in Two Cohorts of Mother-Newborn Pairs
Authors: Switkowski Karen M , Camargo, Carlos A , Perron Patrice , Rifas-Shiman Sheryl L , Oken Emily , Hivert Marie-France 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Context
Vitamin D may be important for prenatal programming of insulin and glucose regulation, but maternal vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy is common.

Objective
We examined associations of early vitamin D status with markers of fetal insulin secretion: cord blood insulin and c-peptide. We hypothesized that maternal 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) during pregnancy and cord blood 25(OH)D would both be positively associated with cord blood insulin and c-peptide.

Methods
We studied mother-newborn pairs from two cohorts: Project Viva (n = 862 pairs included) and Genetics of Glucose Regulation in Gestation and Growth (Gen3G; n = 660 pairs included). We analyzed associations of the cord blood hormones with maternal 25(OH)D using generalized additive models with nonlinear spline terms, and with cord blood 25(OH)D using multivariable linear regression models.

Results
The 25(OH)D levels were <75 nmol/L in >70% of mothers and 85% of newborns. Maternal and cord blood 25(OH)D levels were correlated (Project Viva, r = 0.58; Gen3G, r = 0.37). Maternal 25(OH)D had an inverted-U–shaped relationship with cord blood insulin and c-peptide in both cohorts. Cord blood 25(OH)D had a linear relationship with the cord blood hormones. In fully adjusted models, each 10-nmol/L increase in cord blood 25(OH)D was associated with higher cord blood insulin and c-peptide concentrations: 3.7% (95% CI, 0.09 to 7.5) and 3.2% (95% CI, 0.8 to 5.6), respectively, in Project Viva; 2.2% (95% CI, −0.1 to 4.6) and 3.6% (95% CI, 1.0 to 6.3), respectively, in Gen3G.

Conclusion
Vitamin D may play a role in regulating fetal insulin secretion, potentially affecting glucose regulation and growth.
Breaking a Child's Will
Authors: Gossard Julia M. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractOn April 20, 1684, Louis XIV declared that any Parisian child, male or female, of the honorable poor under the age of twenty-five who mistreated his or her parents by refusing to work, by engaging in libertine activities, or by becoming a prostitute would be subject to imprisonment at either Bicêtre or La Salpêtrière hospital in newly constructed maisons de correction, or juvenile detention centers. This article argues that detention centers targeted rebellious youths from a select subsection of Paris's lower sorts, including those with trained and artisanal backgrounds, in order to reeducate and rehabilitate them. As part of eighteenth-century experiments in socialized care, the juvenile detention centers and the families that petitioned them sought to reestablish patriarchal control, both in the household and in the larger community, through rigorous physical punishment and intense vocational training.Le 20 avril 1684 Louis XIV a déclaré que « Les enfants, soit garçons ou soit filles des artisans et des pauvres habitants de la ville et faubourgs de Paris au-dessous de 25 ans qui maltraiteront leur pères ou mères et ceux qui ne voudraient pas travailler par libertinage ou par pareille, seront enfermez dans les maisons de corrections. Les garçons dans la nouvelle maison de Bicêtre et les filles dans celle de Salpêtrière ». Ces maisons de correction ont ciblé la jeunesse rebelle du petit peuple parisien afin de les réinsérer dans la société. Elles participaient à une tentative gouvernementale de prendre en compte des services sociaux. Les maisons et les familles qui y avaient recours cherchaient à rétablir l'autorité patriarcale et dans la famille et dans la société par moyen du châtiment corporel et de la formation professionnelle rigoureuse.
Dose-painted volumetric modulated arc therapy of high-grade glioma using 3,4-dihydroxy-6-[18F]fluoro-L-phenylalanine positron emission tomography
Authors: Kosztyla Robert , Raman Srinivas , Moiseenko Vitali , Reinsberg Stefan A , Toyota Brian , Nichol Alan 
Published: April 2019

Objective:
To determine whether dose painting with volumetric modulated arc therapy for high-grade gliomas using 3,4-dihydroxy-6-[18F]fluoro-l-phenylalanine (18F-FDOPA) positron emission tomography (PET) could achieve dose-escalated coverage of biological target volumes (BTVs) without increasing the dose to cranial organs at risk (OARs).

Methods:
10 patients with high-grade gliomas underwent CT, MRI, and 18F-FDOPA PET/CT images for post-operative radiation therapy planning. Two volumetric modulated arc therapy plans were retrospectively generated for each patient: a conventional plan with 60 Gy in 30 fractions to the planning target volume delineated on MRI and a dose-escalated plan with a maximum dose of 80 Gy in 30 fractions to BTVs. BTVs were created by thresholding 18F-FDOPA PET/CT uptake using a linear quadratic model that assumed tracer uptake was linearly related to tumour cell density. The maximum doses and equivalent uniform doses of OARs were compared.

Results:
The median volume of the planning target volume receiving at least 95% of the prescribed dose (V 95%) was 99.6% with and 99.5% without dose painting. The median V 95% was &gt;99.2% for BTVs. The maximum doses and equivalent uniform doses to the OARs did not differ significantly between the conventional and dose-painted plans.

Conclusion:
Using commercially available treatment planning software, dose painting for high-grade gliomas was feasible with good BTV coverage and no significant change in the dose to OARs.

Advances in knowledge:
A novel treatment planning strategy was used to achieve dose painting for gliomas with BTVs obtained from 18F-FDOPA PET/CT using a radiobiological model.
Optimisation and usefulness of quantitative analysis of 18F-florbetapir PET
Authors: Fakhry-Darian Daniel , Patel Neva Hiten , Khan Sairah , Barwick Tara , Svensson William , Khan Sameer , Perry Richard J , Malhotra Paresh , Carswell Christopher J , Nijran Kuldip S , Win Zarni 
Published: April 2019

Objectives:
This study investigates the usefulness of quantitative SUVR thresholds on sub types of typical (type A) and atypical (non-type A) positive (Aβ+) and negative (Aβ-) 18F-florbetapir scans and aims to optimise the thresholds.

Methods:
Clinical 18F-florbetapir scans (n = 100) were categorised by sub type and visual reads were performed independently by three trained readers. Inter-reader agreement and reader-to-reference agreement were measured. Optimal SUVR thresholds were derived by ROC analysis and were compared with thresholds derived from a healthy control group and values from published literature.

Results:
Sub type division of 18F-florbetapir PET scans improves accuracy and agreement of visual reads for type A: accuracy 90%, 96% and 70% and agreement κ &gt; 0.7, κ ≥ 0.85 and −0.1 &lt; κ &lt; 0.9 for all data, type A and non-type A respectively. Sub type division also improves quantitative classification accuracy of type A: optimum mcSUVR thresholds were found to be 1.32, 1.18 and 1.48 with accuracy 86%, 92% and 76% for all data, type A and non-type A respectively.

Conclusions:
Aβ+/Aβ- mcSUVR threshold of 1.18 is suitable for classification of type A studies (sensitivity = 97%, specificity = 88%). Region-wise SUVR thresholds may improve classification accuracy in non-type A studies. Amyloid PET scans should be divided by sub type before quantification.

Advances in knowledge:
We have derived and validated mcSUVR thresholds for Aβ+/Aβ- 18F-florbetapir studies. This work demonstrates that division into sub types improves reader accuracy and agreement and quantification accuracy in scans with typical presentation and highlights the atypical presentations not suited to global SUVR quantification.
A Model of Customer Reward Programs with Finite Expiration Terms
Authors: Sun Yacheng , Zhang Dan 
Published: April 2019

A little-understood phenomenon of customer reward programs is the prevalent use of finite reward expiration terms. We develop a theoretical framework to investigate the economic rationale behind this phenomenon and the trade-off between short and long expiration terms. In our model, a monopolistic firm sets the expiration term, along with the price and reward size, and interacts with consumers over an infinite horizon. Consumers are heterogeneous in shopping probabilities and product valuations and forward-looking in making purchase decisions. We find that a customer reward program with a finite expiration term can increase firm profits when (i) the valuation difference within the consumer population is intermediate and (ii) the shopping probabilities and valuations are negatively correlated among consumers. Several model extensions confirm the robustness of these results. Finally, we conduct an empirical investigation on the reward program practice of the top 100 U.S. retailers, which provides directional support for several key theoretical predictions. This paper was accepted by Gad Allon, operations management.
MicroRNA-3162-5p-Mediated Crosstalk between Kallikrein Family Members Including Prostate-Specific Antigen in Prostate Cancer
Authors: Matin Farhana , Jeet Varinder , Srinivasan Srilakshmi , Cristino Alexandre S , Panchadsaram Janaththani , Clements Judith A , Batra Jyotsna 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDMicroRNAs mediate biological processes through preferential binding to the 3′ untranslated region (3′ UTR) of target genes. Studies have shown their association with prostate cancer (PCa) risk through single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), known as miRSNPs. In a European cohort, 22 PCa risk-associated miRSNPs have been identified. The most significant miRSNP in the 3′ UTR of Kallikrein-related peptidase 3 (KLK3) created a binding site for miR-3162-5p. Here we investigated the miR-3162-5p–KLK interaction and the clinical implication of miR-3162-5p in PCa.METHODSWe tested the role of miR-3162-5p in PCa etiology using IncuCyte live-cell imaging and anchorage-independent growth assays. The effect of miR-3162-5p on KLK and androgen receptor (AR) expression was measured by RT-quantitative (q)PCR and target pulldown assays. KLK3 proteolytic activity was determined by DELFIA® immunoassay. Mass spectrometry identified pathways affected by miR-3162-5p. miR-3162-5p expression was measured in clinical samples using RT-qPCR.RESULTSmiR-3162-5p affected proliferation, migration, and colony formation of LNCaP cells by regulating the expression of KLK2–4 and AR by direct targeting. KLK3 protein expression was regulated by miR-3162-5p consistent with lower KLK3 proteolytic activity observed in LNCaP-conditioned media. KLK/AR pulldown and mass spectrometry analysis showed a potential role of miR-3162-5p in metabolic pathways via KLK/AR and additional targets. Increased miR-3162-5p expression was observed in prostate tumor tissues with higher Gleason grade.CONCLUSIONSOur study provides an insight into possible involvement of miR-3162-5p in PCa etiology by targeting KLKs and AR. It highlights clinical utility of miR-3162-5p and its interactive axis as a new class of biomarkers and therapeutic targets for PCa.
Histologic Remission in Ulcerative Colitis: Are We There Yet?
Authors: Long Millie D. , Rubin David T. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
As the field of inflammatory bowel disease moves toward treating to a “target” that includes mucosal healing, better outcome definitions are needed. One important question is whether the definition of mucosal healing should include “histologic” remission. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, the authors describe histologic healing rates of medical therapies for ulcerative colitis in randomized controlled trials. Although observational data demonstrate that histologic remission has consistently been associated with improved outcomes, we argue that there is a great deal of work left to be done before we can embrace a histologic endpoint of management in ulcerative colitis.
SUFRÃGIO À BRASILEIRA: uma leitura Pós-Colonial do Feminismo no século XIX
Authors: E Silva Rebecca Corrêa , Pedro Joana Maria 
Published: April 2019

ResumoO presente estudo discute as relações entre feminismo e positivismo na obraÂ teorias da modernidade e da pós-modernidade. Buscamos analisar a contribuição do pensamento de Nísia para a emancipação das mulheres no Brasil, ao mesmo tempo em que procuramos localizar as origens do movimento feminista brasileiro à luz do atual referencial teórico das abordagens pós-coloniais feministas do Sul global. Desta forma, entendemos que um dos caminhos possíveis para a compreensão do surgimento do feminismo no Brasil passa de Nísia Floresta, intelectual e defensora dos direitos da mulher brasileira no século XIX. Trata-se de uma pesquisa embasada em revisão bibliográfica que intenta estabelecer um diálogo entre as pela revisão das formas de apropriação das ideias de matriz europeia naquele período, tais como o feminismo e o positivismo.Palavras-chave: Feminismo. Positivismo. Pós-colonialismo. BRAZILIAN SUFFRAGE:Â an overview of postcolonial feminism in the nineteenth centuryAbstract This article presents Nísia Floresta Ìs work, an intellectual scholar and advocate of the Brazilian woman rights in the nineteenth century, regarding the relation between feminism and positivism. Considering as an initial survey, based on bibliographic revision of dialogues with modernity and post-modern theories, we used authors that focused on feminism history of the "first wave" in Brazil. At the same time, we searched about the position of Brazilian feminism origins via the Latin-American theoretical background from the post-colonialist feminist approaches, by South global. Therefore, we recognize that one of the possible paths in understanding the Brazilian feminism of the "first wave" entails the review of appropriation of ideas based on the European origins, such as feminism and positivism. Keywords: Feminism. Positivism. Post-colonialism.Â
TRAMAR, DESTRAMAR E RETRAMAR: a arte nas montanhas das Minas Gerais
Authors: Castro Amanda Motta 
Published: April 2019

Resumo O artigo é um extrato da pesquisa de doutorado sobre o processo pedagógico de ensinar e aprender da tecelagem manual desenvolvido em Resende Costa, cidade localizada nas montanas de Minhas Gerais onde a grande maioria das pessoas sobrevive da tecelagem manual. Neste lugar um dito popular, ouvido muitas vezes durante a pesquisa empírica, revela: "Em Resende Costa, em todas as casas existe um tearâ€. A economia do município gira em torno das 98 lojas de artesanato. A metodologia da investigação com base em pesquisa participante, foi realizada por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas, observação participante e diário de campo. A análise dos dados foi embasada na hermenêutica feminista. Entre os resultados encontrados, observa-se a formação das tecelãs que se desenvolve pelas mulheres da localidade, sobretudo pelas mãos das mulheres mais velhas, que realizam o repasse, criando, assim, o processo de ensinar e aprender da tecelagem manual e suas invisibilidades. Palavras-chave: Estudos feministas. Educação popular. Gênero. Formação. Artesanato. Tecelagem. TRAMING, DESTRAMING AND RETRAMING: art in the mountains of Minas Gerais Abstract A result of my Doctoral Dissertation defended in 2015, this paper seeks to analyze how the pedagogical process of teaching and learning hand weaving developed in Resende Costa town occurs. In this small town in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, most people live out of hand weaving. In this place, they frequently repeated: "In Resende Costa there is a loom at every homeâ€. In this sense, the economy of the town revolves around its 98 handcrafting stores. Methodology employed based on the participatory research method was carried out with semi-structured interviews, participant observation, and field diary. The data analysis was based on feminist hermeneutics. Among the outcomes, we see the female weavers' training beeing developed by local women,Â mainly by the hand of older ones that pass around their knowledge and, thus, creating a process of teaching and learning of hand weaving and their invisibility.Keywords: Feminist Studies. Popular Education. Genre. Training. Handicraft, Weaving.Â
CATÃLOGOS OU CATALOGADAS? Uma reflexão sobre a representação feminina em catálogos fitness
Authors: Hengen Liandra Fátima , Araújo Denise Castilhos De 
Published: April 2019

Resumo O artigo propõe uma reflexão sobre a imagem de mulheres construídas em marcas de roupas fitness e seus catálogos. Rala Bela e DiCorpo exercem papel fundamental na venda dos produtos e, também, constroem representações e reiteram estereótipos de beleza. Considera-se que o corpo físico pode estar sujeito às influências dessas marcas que sugerem um padrão corporal de beleza para suas consumidoras. O corpo feminino, nesses anúncios, também pode ser considerado como um produto que, indiretamente, também está Ã venda ou pronto para consumo. Nele, prospectam-se medidas, instrumentos e efeitos dos atuais padrões estéticos. Para este estudo, partiu-se de uma revisão bibliográfica acerca de conceitos tais como corpo (GOLDENBERG, 2007), beleza (WOLF, 1992) e representação (WOODWARD, 2014; HALL, 2006), a fim de realizar a reflexão pretendida. Palavras-chave: Representação. Mulheres. Beleza. Catálogos fitness. CATALOGUES OR CATALOGUED? A reflection about female representation in fitness catalogues Abstract The article proposes an approach of the image of women represented by brands of fitness clothes in their catalogues. Rala Bela and DiCorpo perform a fundamental role in the selling of products, also building/reiterating some beauty stereotypes. It has been considered that physical body may be liable to be influenced by brands that suggest a corporal beauty standard for their consumers. The female body, in the advertisements, may also be considered as a product, indirectly, ready for sale or consume. Measures are prospected, as instruments and effects of the current aesthetic standards. This study is based on concepts such as body (GOLDENBERG, 2007), beauty (WOLF, 1992) and representation (WOODWARD, 2014; HALL, 2006), in order to realize the reflection intended. Keywords: Representation. Women. Beauty. Fitness Catalogues.Â
Considerações sobre a figura da mulher abastada no livro O castigo da prostituição, publicado no período joanino (1808-1821)
Authors: Oliveira Anelise Martinelli Borges 
Published: April 2019

Resumo Objetiva-se compreender a figura da mulher abastada presente no livro O castigo da prostituição, - publicado no Rio de Janeiro em 1815. Conclui-se que as prescrições contidas no mesmo vão de encontro com a concepção que se tinha da mulher de elite durante o Período Joanino (1808-1821). Palavras-chave: O castigo da prostituição. Mulher Abastada. Período Joanino.Considerations on figure women's wealthy in O castigo da prostituição,Â published on período joanino (1808-1821)Abstract The objective is to understand the figure of the wealthy woman present in the book The punishment of prostitution, published in Rio de Janeiro in 1815. It is concluded that the prescriptions contained therein meet the conception of elite women during the Joanino Period (1808-1821). Keywords: O castigo da prostituição. Wealthy Woman. Período Joanino.Â
Movimento social de mulheres e atuação perante o poder judiciário: entre os avanços e as potencialidades ignoradas
Authors: Colombaroli Ana Carolina De Morais 
Published: April 2019

Resumo O artigo analisa a atuação do movimento social de mulheres pela via do judiciário, a fim de conquistar e garantir direitos. Busca, por um lado, investigar os avanços alcançados e, por outro, demonstrar as potencialidades de atuação ignoradas pelos feminismos, associando pesquisa bibliográfica, análise de decisões judiciais e pesquisa de jurisprudé‚ncia. Palavras-chave: Movimento Social de Mulheres. Ativismo Jurídico. Direitos da Mulher.Â AbstractThis paper analyses the agency of the women's social movement through the judiciary, in order to conquer and guarantee rights. Aims, on the one hand, investigate the progress achieved and, on the other, demonstrate the ignored agency capabilities by feminisms, combining literature search, analysis of judicial decisions and jurisprudence research. Keywords: Women's Social Movement. Legal Activism. Women's Rights.Â