bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling of IDF curves for stormwater design in Makkah Al Mukarramah region, The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Ewea Hatem A. , Elfeki Amro M. , Bahrawi Jarbou A. , Al-Amri Nassir S. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Reducing the negative impacts of flooding in Makkah AL Mukarramah region in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) is of utmost importance. In the last decade, there are huge mega infrastructure projects in KSA in general and in Makkah AL Mukarramah region in particular. These projects require adequate stormwater drainage systems. Since, the availability of rainfall and runoff data are scarce, engineers and hydrologists rely on models developed in temperature regions that are not hydrologically similar from temperate regions. This leads to inaccurate designs of stormwater facilities. Therefore, deveoping in situ Intensity-Duration-Frequency (IDF) curves is a must in this arid region. This paper aims at modeling IDF curves for Makkah Al-Mukarramah region. Maximum annual daily rainfall series of 80 storms (with sub-hourly and hourly data) from four stations are investigated through six different probability distributions. Consequently, rainfall depth-duration-frequency models and curves are derived. Results revealed that the Gumbel Type I is the optimal one. Thus, it is used to deduce the IDF curves and relations for each station and for the region as a whole. The R2 value for fitting power-lawfunction (i = a Db) to the data is very high for the IDF parameters. The R2 for the coefficient parameter, a, is between 0.9999 and 0.9988 while it ranges between 0.8754 and 0.8039 for exponent parameter, b. High correlation coefficient (more than 0.95) has been obtained. The resulting IDF models are strongly recommended for rigorous, effective and safe design of the stormwater systems in Makkah Al-Mukarramah region.
Vortex beam generation with variable topological charge based on a spiral slit
Authors: Wang Han , Liu Lixia , Zhou Changda , Xu Jilian , Zhang Meina , Teng Shuyun , Cai Yangjian 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
We propose a vortex beam generator based on a nanometer spiral slit and explore the propagation rule of the topological charge. Compared to the common methods of generation of a vortex beam with a fixed topological charge, the optical vortex generated by the proposed vortex beam generator has the topological charge varying with the propagation distance. The value of topological charge can be modulated by the geometric charge of the spiral slit and the propagation distance. Theoretical analysis predicts the variation rule of the topological charge of vortex beam in the near field, and numerical simulations and experimental measurement verify the proposed scheme. Discussion on the shape and structure of the spiral slit is also presented. This work provides the theoretical foundation for the generation of a vortex field with variable topological charge. The simple geometry of the vortex beam generator and the flexible modulation of the topological charge must inspire applications of the vortex beam.
A Drosophila CRISPR/Cas9 Toolkit for Conditionally Manipulating Gene Expression in the Prothoracic Gland as a Test Case for Polytene Tissues
Authors: Huynh Nhan , Zeng Jie , Liu Wen , King-Jones Kirst 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Targeting gene function with spatial or temporal specificity is a key goal in molecular genetics. CRISPR-Cas9 has greatly facilitated this strategy, but some standard approaches are problematic. For instance, simple tissue-specific or global overexpression of Cas9 can cause significant lethality or developmental delays even in the absence of gRNAs. In particular, we found that Gal4-mediated expression of UAS-Cas9 in the Drosophila prothoracic gland (PG) was not a suitable strategy to disrupt gene expression, since Cas9 alone caused widespread lethality. The PG is widely used for studying endocrine gland function during animal development, but tools validating PG-specific RNAi phenotypes are lacking. Here, we present a collection of modular gateway-compatible CRISPR-Cas9 tools that allow precise modulation of target gene activity with temporal and spatial specificity. We also demonstrate that Cas9 fused to the progesterone ligand-binding domain can be used to activate gene expression via RU486. Using these approaches, we were able to avoid the lethality associated with simple GAL4-mediated overexpression of Cas9 in the PG. Given that the PG is a polytene tissue, we conclude that these tools work effectively in endoreplicating cells where Cas9 has to target multiple copies of the same locus. Our toolkit can be easily adapted for other tissues and can be used both for gain- and loss-of-function studies.
WDR-23 and SKN-1/Nrf2 Coordinate with the BLI-3 Dual Oxidase in Response to Iodide-Triggered Oxidative Stress
Authors: Xu Zhaofa , Hu Yiman , Deng Yajun , Chen Yutao , Hua Hanqi , Huang Siyu , Nie Qian , Pan Qian , Ma Dengke K , Ma Long 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Animals utilize conserved mechanisms to regulate oxidative stress. The C. elegansSKN-1 protein is homologous to the vertebrate Nrf (NF-E2-related factor) family of cap ’n’ collar (CnC) transcription factors and functions as a core regulator of xenobiotic and oxidative stress responses. The WD40 repeat-containing protein WDR-23 is a key negative regulator of SKN-1 activity. We previously found that the oxidative stress induced by excess iodide can be relieved by loss of function in the BLI-3/TSP-15/DOXA-1 dual oxidase complex. To further understand the molecular mechanism of this process, we screened for new mutants that can survive in excess iodide and identified gain-of-function mutations in skn-1 and loss-of-function mutations in wdr-23. The SKN-1C isoform functions in the hypodermis to affect animal’s response to excess iodide, while the SKN-1A isoform appears to play a minor role. wdr-23(lf) can interact with bli-3 mutations in a manner different from skn-1(gf). Transcriptome studies suggest that excess iodide causes developmental arrest largely independent of changes in gene expression, and wdr-23(lf) could affect the expression of a subset of genes by a mechanism different from SKN-1 activation. We propose that WDR-23 and SKN-1 coordinate with the BLI-3/TSP-15/DOXA-1 dual oxidase complex in response to iodide-triggered oxidative stress.
HO Endonuclease-Initiated Recombination in Yeast Meiosis Fails To Promote Homologous Centromere Pairing and Is Not Constrained To Utilize the Dmc1 Recombinase
Authors: Yisehak Lina , MacQueen Amy J 
Published: January 2019

AbstractCrossover recombination during meiosis is accompanied by a dramatic chromosome reorganization. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the onset of meiotic recombination by the Spo11 transesterase leads to stable pairwise associations between previously unassociated homologous centromeres followed by the intimate alignment of homologous axes via synaptonemal complex (SC) assembly. However, the molecular relationship between recombination and global meiotic chromosome reorganization remains poorly understood. In budding yeast, one question is why SC assembly initiates earliest at centromere regions while the DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) that initiate recombination occur genome-wide. We targeted the site-specific HO endonuclease to various positions on S. cerevisiae’s longest chromosome in order to ask whether a meiotic DSB’s proximity to the centromere influences its capacity to promote homologous centromere pairing and SC assembly. We show that repair of an HO-mediated DSB does not promote homologous centromere pairing nor any extent of SC assembly in spo11 meiotic nuclei, regardless of its proximity to the centromere. DSBs induced en masse by phleomycin exposure likewise do not promote homologous centromere pairing nor robust SC assembly. Interestingly, in contrast to Spo11, HO-initiated interhomolog recombination is not affected by loss of the meiotic kinase, Mek1, and is not constrained to use the meiosis-specific Dmc1 recombinase. These results strengthen the previously proposed idea that (at least some) Spo11 DSBs may be specialized in activating mechanisms that both 1) reinforce homologous chromosome alignment via homologous centromere pairing and SC assembly, and 2) establish Dmc1 as the primary strand exchange enzyme.
Genomic Analysis To Identify Signatures of Artificial Selection and Loci Associated with Important Economic Traits in Duroc Pigs
Authors: Ma Yunlong , Zhang Saixian , Zhang Kaili , Fang Chengchi , Xie Shengsong , Du Xiaoyong , Li Xinyun , Ni Debin , Zhao Shuhong 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Identifying genetic basis of domestication and improvement in livestock contributes to our understanding of the role of artificial selection in shaping the genome. Here we used whole-genome sequencing and the genotyping by sequencing approach to detect artificial selection signatures and identify the associated SNPs of two economic traits in Duroc pigs. A total of 38 candidate selection regions were detected by combining the fixation index and the Composite Likelihood Ratio methods. Further genome-wide association study revealed seven associated SNPs that were related with intramuscular fat content and feed conversion ratio traits, respectively. Enrichment analysis suggested that the artificial selection regions harbored genes, such as MSTN, SOD2, MC5R and CD83, which are responsible for economic traits including lean muscle mass, fertility and immunization. Overall, this study found a series of candidate genes putatively associated with the breeding improvement of Duroc pigs and the polygenic basis of adaptive evolution, which can provide important references and fundamental information for future breeding programs.
The Evaluation of the Physical Activity Levels in Asthma and COPD Patients
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Filiz , KOCA Tuba , BERBER Nurcan , ŞAHİN Şelale 
Published: January 2019

Objective: To evaluated and compare the prevalence of physical activities in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients.Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study included 97 patients (44 with COPD and 53 with asthma). Patient’s socio-demographic characteristics and awareness about asthma or COPD were determined. The COPD and asthma patient’s regular exercise habits and level of participation in physical activities were evaluated using the short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). The Mann-Whitney U test was used for statistical analysis of the variables that did not have normal distribution.Results: The mean age of patients with COPD was 65.3±3.4 years, and their mean body mass index value was 25.8±2.5 kg/m². The mean age of asthmatic patients was 50.7±5.1 years, and their mean body mass index value was 29.2±3.4 kg/m². There was a significant difference between the mean body mass index values of adult asthma and COPD patients (p=0.01). The weekly energy expenditure of patients with COPD due to physical activity was 1564.2±615 MET-min, and it was 2130±842 MET-min for individuals with asthma. In this study, no statistically significant difference was found between the physical activity levels of adult asthma and COPD individuals (p=0.09). Conclusion: This study found the physical activity levels of individuals with adult asthma or COPD to be low. Physical inactivity is known to be a modifiable risk factor for asthma and COPD. Specific programs for this population should be developed so that individuals with COPD and asthma can be more active.
SADÎ ŞİRAZÎ’NİN “BOSTAN” VE “GÜLİSTAN” ADLI ESERLERİNİN DİN EĞİTİMİNDEKİ YERİ VE ÖNEMİ
Authors: Aybey Salih 
Published: January 2019

Adalet ve hükümdarlık, cömertlik, aşk, tarikat ve
muhabbet, alçakgönüllülük, rıza, kanaat, terbiye, şükür, tövbe ve münacat
bölümlerinden oluşan “Bostan” ile sultanların âdetleri, dervişlerin ahlakı,
kanaatkârların fazileti, sükutun faydaları, aşk ve gençlik, düşkünlük ve
ihtiyarlık, terbiyenin önemi, zenginlik, yoksulluk ve sohbet adabı
bölümlerinden oluşan “Gülistan” sadece doğu edebiyatının değil, tüm dünya
edebiyatının ölmez yapıtları arasında gösterilen iki şaheserdir. Sadî Şirazî
tarafından kaleme alınan her iki eserde evrensel temalara yer verilmiş olup,
insanoğlunu mutluluğa ve huzura kavuşturacak reçeteler sunulmuştur. Bu
çalışmada amaç, içerisinde değer/dini değerler, ahlaki öğütler, hikmetli sözler
barındıran bu iki eserin, eğitici nitelikte din eğitiminde kullanılmasının
nasıl bir fayda sağlayacağı incelenmiştir. Eserler betimsel analiz yöntemiyle
incelenmiş ve eserlerde en çok yer alan beş konu (merhamet, tevazu, kibir,
şükür ve tövbe) örneklerle değerlendirilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, Şirazî’nin bu eserlerinde din eğitimi ve
öğretiminde kullanılabilecek pek çok hikâye, ahlaki öğüt ve hikmetli sözler
bulunduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Study of clinical patterns and frequency of cutaneous manifestations in the elderly
Authors: Paliwal Gaurav , Saxena Kshitij , Koti Venkatarao , Shukla Priyanka , Dutt Shobhit , Usmani Shams Zia , Jain Chandni , Khalid Ayesha 
Published: January 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Cutaneous manifestations are common in elderly. The elderly population is composed of persons over 60 years of age and very few studies are available on the dermatologic diseases in this group. This study was done to study the clinical pattern and frequency of cutaneous manifestations in the elderly.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A cross sectional observational study was conducted on 540 patients, aged 60 years and above, who attended the out-patient department and admitted as inpatients having cutaneous manifestations were included, in the department of dermatology Era’s Lucknow Medical College And Hospital, Lucknow. A detailed history was taken regarding the onset and duration of cutaneous manifestations. Thorough dermatological examination was carried out on all study patients. Relevant investigations which included haemogram, biochemical tests and a skin biopsy were performed, wherever needed. Skin changes in all the patients were recorded and were classified into physiological and pathological changes. Data were entered in an Excel sheet and were analyzed using descriptive statistics.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Out of 540 patients studied, 55.7% were males and 44.3% were females. Pruritus was the single most common complaint elicited (90.6%). Among the physiological changes, wrinkling was the commonest (80.9%). Among the pathological changes skin tumours, eczemas, infections were the common findings.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The geriatric dermatoses are different in different populations, as there is significant number of geriatric population, the increased emphasis on geriatric medicine is inevitable. This present study helps in providing greater understanding of pattern of geriatric dermatoses that aids in early diagnosis and management.</p>
Venous Thromboembolism Chemoprophylaxis in Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Trivedi Nikunj N. , Fitzgerald Steven J. , Schmaier Alvin H. , Wera Glenn D. 
Published: January 2019

* Numerous pharmacological methods of venous thromboembolism prophylaxis are currently utilized, each with advantages and limitations.* Warfarin has long been demonstrated to have efficacy, but has variable patient response and requires outpatient monitoring. Low-molecular-weight heparins also have long been demonstrated to have established efficacy, but require outpatient subcutaneous injections, which raises concern for compliance. Factor-Xa and direct thrombin inhibitors may be taken orally but lack easily obtainable reversal agents.* Aspirin is an appealing choice because it is inexpensive, is taken orally, requires no laboratory monitoring, and may have similar efficacy; however, it still lacks appropriately powered randomized controlled trials to substantiate its efficacy.* A surgeon must consider the efficacy, complication profile, and cost in the setting of patient competence and compliance on a case-by-case basis when choosing a prophylactic agent.
Competencia digital y TICs en interpretación: «renovarse o morir»
Authors: Ruiz Mezcua Aurora 
Published: January 2019

El mundo de la interpretación progresa con los avances tecnológicos. De todos es sabido que las herramientas para interpretar y para formar a intérpretes han cambiado radicalmente esta disciplina desde la aparición de los equipos que se emplean para posibilitar la comunicación oral: empezando por las cabinas de interpretación simultánea, los receptores inalámbricos para las visitas guiadas, el teléfono para la tele-interpretación y continuando por el uso de Internet e incluso las redes sociales.Antes de la creación de los equipos de interpretación, los modos que se empleaban en los diferentes contextos eran la consecutiva, de susurro o bilateral, pero desde el siglo XX se utilizan también la interpretación simultánea y la interpretación remota o a distancia (tanto interpretación telefónica como con videoconferencia), y, en la actualidad, dichos modos están en auge, pues ofrecen numerosas posibilidades para los clientes y una mayor flexibilidad para los contratantes e intérpretes.Con este trabajo pretendemos analizar el impacto que estas tecnologías han causado en la profesión de intérprete, una profesión que ayuda a “coser” la brecha lingüística y que requiere un correcto aprendizaje de las habilidades que comprenden la competencia digital.
La importancia de la competencia digital para la superación de la brecha lingüística en el siglo XXI: Aproximación, factores y estrategias
Authors: Gómez-Parra María Elena , Huertas-Abril Cristina Aránzazu 
Published: January 2019

La enseñanza y el aprendizaje de segundas lenguas es una prioridad para la mayor parte de las políticas educativas internacionales. No es posible concebir el siglo XXI desprovisto del acceso a la información que se produce masivamente en inglés en los diversos campos de la ciencia, la cultura y la sociedad. Este trabajo analiza en profundidad el concepto de “brecha lingüística”, así como los factores que la ocasionan y las estrategias para superarla desde la competencia digital. La interrelación de estos tres aspectos nos conducirá a la descripción de un proyecto de investigación titulado “LinguApp: Asegurando el acceso al aprendizaje universal e inclusivo de segundas lenguas” (PRY208/17), financiado por la Fundación Pública Andaluza Centro de Estudios Andaluces. El objetivo principal de dicho proyecto es diseñar una webapp,de acceso libre y gratuito, que dé acceso a recursos formativos específicamente seleccionados por expertos y evaluados ex profesopara el aprendizaje de idiomas (español e inglés), garantizándose su calidad y adecuándose a los objetivos específicos de cada usuario. Las conclusiones de este trabajo nos conducen a corroborar que el aprendizaje autónomo de lenguas solo se entiende hoy día bajo el paraguas de la competencia digital debidamente guiada y acompañada por expertos.
Motivators and Incentives of Pediatric Medical Educators in an Academic Hospital Setting in the United States
Authors: Fuller Jackie C. , Ottolini Mary C. 
Published: January 2019

Graduate medical education (GME) has undergone a phenomenal transformation aimed at aligning medical education and the learning environment with educational outcomes and quality patient care. The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) has challenged faculty to adapt novel teaching methodologies. However, there are limited studies about motivational factors that impact pediatric graduate medical educators. This article brings an insight to these motivators from the perspectives of teaching and clinical pediatric educators at an academic teaching hospital.
Key words: Graduate Medical Education • GME • Pediatrics • Medical Educators • Clinical Teachers • Motivators • Incentives • Hospital • Faculty

Copyright © 2018 Fuller et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Multi-criteria Prioritization for Sub-watersheds in Medium River Basin using AHP and Influence Approaches
Authors: Gaikwad Ravindra , Bhagat Vijay 
Published: January 2019

Watershed is unique bio-physical unit of the Earth surface and source of resources to the human, animal and plants. AHP based multi-criteria analysis is suitable for prioritization of sub-watersheds in medium river basin for planning, management and development. Twenty five criterion i.e. area, morphimery, geology, slope, soil, rainfall and population density were selected for prioritization of medium watersheds of Upper Mula basin in Maharashtra (India). Correlation analysis is suitable for ranking the criterion selected for prioritization. Texture Ratio (25.94%), drainage texture (12.97%), stream order (8.65%), total stream length (6.49%) and ruggedness number (5.19%) show higher influences on development of watershed structure in the study area. Further, criterion like geology, rainfall, soil and population were show considerable influence in prioritization of sub-watersheds in medium river basin. Influences were estimated based on weights calculated using AHP technique. Values of influences were normalized using distribution of particular criterion within sub-watersheds. Watersheds are classified into high, moderate and low priorities. The methodology formulated in this study can be effective tool for quick prioritization of medium and major watersheds for planning and management for development.
Depression Rises the Risk of Hypertension Incidence: Discussing the Link through the Ca2+/cAMP Signalling
Authors: Bergantin Leandro B. 
Published: January 2019

Background:
Depression and hypertension are medical problems both with clearly restricted
pharmacotherapies, along with a high prevalence around the world. In fact, an intensive
discussion in the field is that a dysregulation of the intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis (e.g. excess of
intracellular Ca2+) contributes to the pathogenesis of both hypertension and depression. Furthermore,
depression rises the risk of hypertension incidence. Indeed, several data support the concept
that depression is an independent risk issue for hypertension.

Conclusion:
Then, which are the possible cellular mechanisms involved in this link between depression
and hypertension? Considering our previous reports about the Ca2+ and cAMP signalling
pathways (Ca2+/cAMP signalling), in this review I have discussed the virtual involvement of the
Ca2+/cAMP signalling in this link (between depression and hypertension). Then, it is important to
consider depression into account during the process of prevention, and treatment, of hypertension.