bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aeolian influx and related environmental conditions on Gran Canaria during the early Pleistocene
Authors: Menéndez Inmaculada , Mangas José , Tauler Esperança , Barrón Vidal , Torrent José , Betancort Juan F. , Santana Ángelo , Recio José Manuel , Quevedo-González Luis A. , Alonso Ignacio , Méndez-Ramos Jorge 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe island of Gran Canaria is regularly affected by dust falls due to its proximity to the Saharan desert. Climatic oscillations may affect the Saharan dust input to the island. Geochemical, mineralogical, and textural analysis was performed on a well-developed and representative early Pleistocene paleosol to examine Saharan dust contribution to Gran Canaria. Significant and variable Saharan dust content was identified in addition to weathering products such as iron oxides and clay minerals. Variations in quartz and iron oxide concentrations in the paleosol likely reflect different Saharan dust input in more/less-contrasted rhexistasic/biostatic climatic conditions. Linking the quartz content in Canarian soils, the Ingenio paleosol, and two Canarian loess-like deposits to different ages from the Quaternary, we hypothesized that the dust input should be lower (about 33–38%) throughout the early to middle Pleistocene than during the late Quaternary. The Saharan dust input to the Gran Canaria profile in the Pleistocene persisted in spite of climatic variations.
The Projective Leavitt Complex
Authors: Li Huanhuan 
Published: August 2018

AbstractFor a finite quiverQwithout sources, we consider the corresponding radical square zero algebraA. We construct an explicit compact generator for the homotopy category of acyclic complexes of projectiveA-modules. We call such a generator the projective Leavitt complex ofQ. This terminology is justified by the following result: the opposite differential graded endomorphism algebra of the projective Leavitt complex ofQis quasi-isomorphic to the Leavitt path algebra ofQop. Here,Qopis the opposite quiver ofQ, and the Leavitt path algebra ofQopis naturally${\open Z}$-graded and viewed as a differential graded algebra with trivial differential.
Sea turtles support sustainable livelihoods at Ostional, Costa Rica
Authors: Sardeshpande Mallika , MacMillan Douglas 
Published: August 2018

AbstractOstional in Costa Rica is the second largest nesting site of the olive ridley sea turtle Lepidochelys olivacea, which is categorized as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List. In Ostional the local community helps maintain the nesting site and collects olive ridley eggs for consumption and trade within Costa Rica. Since its inception in 1987 the egg harvesting project has integrated sea turtle conservation with community development. We assessed the current status of this project in terms of community awareness, dependency, involvement and perceptions, using a household survey and semi-structured interviews with key informants. We also compared some of our findings with those of previous studies at the site, finding that the project has fewer dependents, primary livelihood activities have shifted towards tourism and hospitality, and respondents are more aware about environmental conservation and stewardship. We map outcomes of the project with the Sustainable Livelihoods Framework, and suggest that further capacity building for research and tourism could contribute towards sustaining the turtle population, local livelihoods, and the community-based conservation institution.
Rescuing Christensenia aesculifolia (Marattiaceae), a plant species with an extremely small population in China
Authors: Cai Lei , Zhang Guiliang , Xiang Jianying , Dao Zhiling , Sun Weibang 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe rare and threatened fern Christensenia aesculifolia of South-east Asia is listed in China as a second-ranked plant for national protection and is also categorized as one of 62 plant species with extremely small populations by the Yunnan provincial government. Field investigations during 2014–2017 failed to relocate one previously known population, and revealed that the single known extant population of C. aesculifolia contains only 10 individual plants. The most urgent conservation requirement for this species is to conserve the threatened habitat of the remnant population. Further field surveys and research are also required for an improved understanding of the species’ status.
Long-term safety and tolerability of aripiprazole lauroxil in patients with schizophrenia
Authors: Nasrallah Henry A. , Aquila Ralph , Du Yangchun , Stanford Arielle D. , Claxton Amy , Weiden Peter J. 
Published: August 2018

ObjectiveSafety and tolerability of long-term treatment with the long-acting antipsychotic aripiprazole lauroxil (AL) were evaluated in patients with schizophrenia.MethodsThis was an international, multicenter, phase 3, 52-week safety study of 2 fixed doses of AL (441 mg or 882 mg intramuscular every 4 weeks). Safety endpoints included adverse events (AEs) and extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) including akathisia, injection-site reactions (ISRs), and clinically relevant changes in metabolic and endocrine values.ResultsOf 478 patients entering this study, 236 (49%) continued from a previous 12-week, phase 3 efficacy study of AL, and 242 (51%) were newly enrolled. Overall, 77% and 23% of patients received AL 882 mg (N = 368) and 441 mg (N = 110), respectively. AEs occurred in 50.4% of patients; most were mild (28.7%) or moderate (18.2%). The most common AEs were insomnia (8.4%) and increased weight (5.0%). Akathisia was reported as an AE in 3.8% of the overall population, with higher rates in patients initiating AL on study entry than those continuing on AL. EPS-related AEs occurred in 9.4% of patients, and AEs related to metabolic parameters were reported in 4.6% of patients. Weight gain was minimal (0.8 kg), and no clinically relevant changes were observed for metabolic parameters. The overall incidence of ISRs was 3.8%; most were associated with the initial injections in patients receiving their first injection in this study.ConclusionLong-term treatment with AL is generally well tolerated, with a safety profile consistent with that of oral aripiprazole. It is a suitable option for patients with schizophrenia.
Performing the South African Archive inREwind: A Cantata for Voice, Tape, and Testimony
Authors: PHILLIPS-HUTTON ARIANA 
Published: August 2018

Abstract‘You can hear everything? You can hear my voice?’ The scratchy recording that opensREwind: A Cantata for Voice, Tape, and Testimonyprefigures the questions of memory and performance that underlie Philip Miller's multimedia exploration of testimony from South Africa's Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC). In this article, I adapt Diana Taylor's concepts of the archive and the repertoire to questions of musical communication. I posit that Miller's collage of testimonial ‘shards’, images, and historic audio recordings disrupts the TRC's official narrative by replacing the archive's narrative of completion with one comprising deliberately disjointed moments of individual suffering. The result is an audiovisual creation that sutures together disparate elements to reflect the complexity of the South African truth-telling process. I suggest that in performance, Miller's work re-animates the TRC archive, bringing it into the contemporary repertoire where it re-inscribes the experiences of TRC testifiers for contemporary audiences.
Ionospheric Specification and Space Weather Forecasting With an HF Beacon Network in the Peruvian Sector
Authors: Hysell D. L. , Baumgarten Y. , Milla M. A. , Valdez A. , Kuyeng K. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractA network of high‐frequency (HF) transmitters and receivers used for ionospheric specification is being installed in Peru. The HF transmitters employ multiple frequencies and binary phase coding with pseudorandom noise, and the observables provided by the receivers include group delay, Doppler shift, amplitude, bearing (from interferometry), and polarization. Statistical inverse methods are used to estimate F region density in a volume from the data regionally. The method incorporates raytracing based on the principles of Hamiltonian optics in the forward model and involves an ionospheric parametrization in terms of Chapman functions in the vertical and bicubic B‐spline interpolation in the horizontal. Regularization is employed to minimize the global curvature of the reconstructions. HF beacon data for two nights in January 2018 are presented. We use the reconstructions to investigate why plasma irregularities associated with equatorial spread F formed on one occasion and not the other. The data indicate that the background ionospheric flow is not simply frozen in, that is, that longitude and local time variations cannot be equated, even at regional scales. This has ramifications for equatorial spread F forecasting strategies that assume equivalence.
Optical Properties and Spatial Variation of Tropical Cyclone Cloud Systems From TRMM and MODIS in the East Asia Region: 2010–2014
Authors: Zhou Yiwen , Han Yong , Wu Yonghua , Wang Tijian , Tang Xiaodong , Wang Yuan 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe tropical cyclone (TC) in East Asia varies strongly each year, indicating the different spectral characteristics of the TC cloud systems (TCCSs) with the distance from the center of TC. We report a new perspective of optical properties of TCCS by using the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer and Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission data over the years from 2010 to 2014 for the 35 TCs in East Asia. We investigate the spatial distribution of the cloud‐top height, radar reflectivity, polarization corrected temperature in 85.5 GHz (PCT85.5), hydrometeor vertical profile, cloud water path, cloud optical thickness, and cloud particle effective radius of TCCS in the development, maturity, and decay stages of TC. The results indicate the significant differences of cloud characteristics in the maturity stage in comparison to other two stages, showing the higher radar reflectivity up to 30 dBZ and the PCT85.5 as low as 232.98 K in the TC eye wall. Meanwhile, the mean hydrometeor profile indicates more ice particles accumulating above the height of 10 km but less liquid droplets near 3 km. The peak of cloud water path and cloud optical thickness in the maturity stage can reach to 1,300 g/m2 and 75, respectively. The mean cloud particle effective radius and precipitation in the three stages could be influenced by aerosols. Based on these quantified results, several ideal fitting equations and the models are constructed to denote the properties of TCCS. Two cases are analyzed to examine the accuracy of the quantified mean state for different stages of TCCS and the relationship between aerosols and clouds.
Forest Disturbance Feedbacks From Bedrock to Atmosphere Using Coupled Hydrometeorological Simulations Over the Rocky Mountain Headwaters
Authors: Forrester Mary M. , Maxwell Reed M. , Bearup Lindsay A. , Gochis David J. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe mountain pine beetle (MPB) has dramatically influenced high‐elevation pine forests of western North America, with recent infestations causing millions of acres of forest mortality and basal area loss. While ecohydrologic implications of infestation have been studied extensively in recent years, few have explored atmospheric feedbacks of widespread canopy transpiration loss or the potential role of groundwater to amplify or mitigate changes to land energy. This work presents bedrock‐to‐atmosphere simulations of coupled meteorological and hydrologic states over the Colorado headwaters. Analyses compare configurations with (1) default land surface parameters and (2) disturbance simulations with adjusted transpiration parameters in infested cells. An analysis of variance was conducted to identify regions of significant response to mountain pine beetle. Changes to increased soil moisture and Bowen ratios were found to be statistically significant in MPB‐infested areas and in nonlocal valleys, while planetary boundary layer (PBL) response was significant only in high elevations of the headwaters watershed. Temperature‐humidity covariance was evaluated using mixing diagrams; the results suggest that increased surface Bowen ratios from MPB could affect entrainment of dry air from the troposphere. The PBL is hotter, drier, and higher under infested forest conditions, which could have implications to atmosphere‐vegetation feedbacks and forest drought stress. Finally, land‐atmosphere coupling was sensitive to antecedent subsurface moisture. Regions with shallow water tables exhibit greater magnitude response to MPB at the surface and in the PBL, a finding that has repercussions for ecosystem resilience and hydrologic representation in meteorological modeling.
Modulation of Sea Ice Melt Onset and Retreat in the Laptev Sea by the Timing of Snow Retreat in the West Siberian Plain
Authors: Crawford Alex D. , Horvath Sean , Stroeve Julienne , Balaji Rajagopalan , Serreze Mark C. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractRecent years have seen growing interest in improving seasonal predictions of Arctic sea ice conditions, including the timing of ice melt onset and retreat, especially on the regional scale. This paper investigates potential links between regional sea ice melt onset and retreat in the southern Laptev Sea and retreat of terrestrial snow cover. Past studies have shown that variability of snow extent over Eurasia can substantially impact regional atmospheric circulation patterns over the North Pacific and Arctic Oceans. It is shown here that for the Laptev Sea, earlier melt onset and retreat of sea ice are encouraged by earlier retreat of snow cover over the West Siberian Plain. Earlier snow retreat in spring encourages greater ridging (e.g., at 500 hPa) over the East Siberian Sea through the summer. This results in more frequently southerly flow of warm, moist air over the Laptev Sea. This relationship could provide modest improvements to predictive skill for sea ice melt onset and retreat in the southern Laptev Sea at lead times of approximately 50 and 90 days, respectively. The detrended time series of snow retreat in the West Siberian Plain explains 26 and 29% of the detrended variance of the timing of sea ice melt onset and retreat in southern Laptev Sea, respectively.
A Modeling Study of Narrow Electric Field Signatures Produced by Lightning Strikes to Tall Towers
Authors: Zhu Yanan , Rakov Vladimir A. , Tran Manh D. , Lyu Weitao , Micu Dan D. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe lumped voltage source model proposed by Baba and Rakov (2005b, https://doi.org/10.1029/2004JD005202) for studying the interaction of lightning with tall objects was used to examine the origin of earlier zero crossings observed in electric field signatures produced by lightning strikes to towers. Different return stroke models of transmission line type were used, and model parameters were varied in wide ranges. Lightning channel was assumed to be straight and vertical. It was found that the observed narrow field signatures cannot be reproduced by traditional models and require a narrower input current waveform or/and its faster decay with height. Contribution to the total electric field peak from a tower whose height exceeds 100 m or so is greater than that from the lightning channel. At distances of 2 to 50 km, the electric field signature due to the tower current was found to be bipolar, while that due to the lightning channel current was unipolar. The narrow bipolar electric field waveforms produced by lightning striking the 257‐m tower in Florida were reproduced using two approaches. In the first one, we employed as input a typical channel base current waveform and the transmission line with exponential current decay with height model with a very small decay height constant. In the second approach, we used a narrow pulse followed by a steady‐level tail as the input current waveform and the transmission line with linear current decay with height model. In both approaches, the computed electric field waveforms matched well the corresponding measured waveforms, at least for the initial half‐cycle and opposite polarity overshoot.
Molecular and cellular characterization of apoptosis in flat oyster a key mechanisms at the heart of host-parasite interactions
Authors: Gervais Ophélie , Renault Tristan , Arzul Isabelle 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBonamia ostreae has been associated with the decline of flat oyster Ostrea edulis populations in some European countries. This obligatory intracellular parasite persists and multiplies into hemocytes. Previous in vitro experiments showed that apoptosis is activated in hemocytes between 1 h and 4 h of contact with the parasite. The flat oyster uses the apoptosis pathway to defend against B. ostreae. However, the parasite might be also able to modulate this response in order to survive in its host. In order to investigate this hypothesis the apoptotic response of the host was evaluated using flow cytometry, transmission electron microscopy and by measuring the response of genes involved in the apoptotic pathway after 4 h. In parallel, the parasite response was investigated by measuring the expression of B. ostreae genes involved in different biological functions including cell cycle and cell death. Obtained results allow describing molecular apoptotic pathways in O. edulis and confirm that apoptosis is early activated in hemocytes after a contact with B. ostreae. Interestingly, at cellular and molecular levels this process appeared downregulated after 44 h of contact. Concurrently, parasite gene expression appeared reduced suggesting that the parasite could inhibit its own metabolism to escape the immune response.
EncoMPASS: an Encyclopedia of Membrane Proteins Analyzed by Structure and Symmetry
Authors: Aleksandrova Antoniya A. , Sarti Edoardo , Forrest Lucy R. 
Published: August 2018

SummaryProtein structure determination and prediction, active site detection, and protein sequence alignment techniques all exploit information about protein structure and structural relationships. For membrane proteins, however, there is no agreement among available online tools for highlighting and mapping such structural similarities. Moreover, no available resource provides a systematic overview of quaternary and internal symmetries, and their orientation with respect to the membrane, despite the fact that these properties can provide key insights into membrane protein function. To address these issues, we created theEncyclopediaofMembraneProteinsAnalyzed byStructure and Symmetry (EncoMPASS), a database for relating integral membrane proteins of known structure from the points of view of sequence, structure, and symmetry. EncoMPASS is accessible athttps://encompass.ninds.nih.govand its contents can be easily downloaded. This allows the user not only to focus on specific systems, but also to study general properties of the structure and evolution of membrane proteins.Highlights-EncoMPASS relates and analyzes known structures of membrane proteins-Structure and sequence similarity is assessed through alignments and topology considerations, not clustering-Symmetry is detected based on CE-Symm and SymD using a multi-step procedure
Invasion genetics of the silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) across North America: Differentiation of fronts, introgression, and eDNA detection
Authors: Stepien Carol A. , Elz Anna E. , Snyder Matthew R. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe invasive silver carpHypophthalmichthys molitrixescaped from southern U.S. aquaculture during the 1970s to spread throughout the Mississippi River basin and steadily moved northward, now reaching the threshold of the Laurentian Great Lakes. The silver carp is native to eastern Asia and is a large, prolific filter-feeder that decreases food availability for fisheries. The present study evaluates its population genetic variability and differentiation across the introduced range using 10 nuclear DNA microsatellite loci, sequences of two mitochondrial genes (cytochromeband cytochromecoxidase subunit 1), and a nuclear gene (ribosomal protein S7 gene intron 1). Populations are analyzed from two invasion fronts threatening the Great Lakes (the Illinois River outside Lake Michigan and the Wabash River, leading into the Maumee River and western Lake Erie), established areas in the southern and central Mississippi River, and a later Missouri River colonization. Results discern considerable genetic diversity and some significant population differentiation, with greater mtDNA haplotype diversity and unique microsatellite alleles characterizing the southern populations. Invasion fronts significantly differ, diverging from the southern Mississippi River population. About 3% of individuals contain a unique and very divergent mtDNA haplotype (primarily the southerly populations and the Wabash River), which may stem from historic introgression in Asia with female largescale silver carpH. harmandi. Nuclear microsatellites and S7 sequences of the introgressed individuals do not significantly differ from silver carp. MtDNA variation is used in a high-throughput sequence assay that identifies and distinguishes invasive carp species and their population haplotypes (includingH. molitrixandH. harmandi) at all life stages, in application to environmental (e)DNA water and plankton samples. We discerned silver and bighead carp eDNA from four bait and pond stores in the Great Lakes watershed, indicating that release from retailers comprises another likely vector. Our findings provide key baseline population genetic data for understanding and tracing the invasion’s progression, facilitating detection, and evaluating future trajectory and adaptive success.
Delayed aneuploidy stress response of neural stem cells impairs adult lifespan in flies
Authors: Mirkovic Mihailo , Guilgur Leonardo G. , Passagem-Santos Diogo , Oliveira Raquel A. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractSummaryStudying aneuploidy during organism development has strong limitations, as chronic mitotic perturbations used to generate aneuploidy result in lethality. We developed a genetic tool to induce aneuploidy in an acute and time controlled manner during Drosophila development. This is achieved by reversible depletion of cohesin, a key molecule controlling mitotic fidelity.Larvae challenged with aneuploidy hatch into adults with severe motor defects shortening their lifespan. Neural stem cells, despite being aneuploid, display a delayed stress response and continue proliferating, resulting in the rapid appearance of chromosomal instability, complex array of karyotypes and cellular abnormalities. Notably, when other brain cell-lineages are forced to self-renew, aneuploidy-associated stress response is significantly delayed, indicating that stemness state confers resistance to aneuploidy. Sparing solely the developing brain from induced aneuploidy is sufficient to rescue motor defects and adult lifespan, suggesting that neural tissue is the most ill-equipped to deal with developmental aneuploidy.HighlightsReversible depletion of cohesin results in just a round or two of aberrant cell divisions, generating high levels of aneuploidy.Larvae challenged with aneuploidy during development hatch into impaired adults.Few cell cycles are sufficient for chromosomal instability to emerge from a previously stable aneuploid state.Neural stemness delays aneuploidy stress response.Protecting only the neural tissue from aneuploidy rescues adult abnormalities and lifespan.