bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chemical safety board investigation reports and the hierarchy of controls: Round 2
Authors: Amyotte Paul , Irvine Yene , Khan Faisal 
Published: October 2018

Twenty‐five reports of the US Chemical Safety Board over the period December 2009–May 2016 were analyzed for evidence of examples related to inherent safety, passive, and active engineered safety, and procedural safety. These measures were also analyzed for their contribution to incident prevention and consequence mitigation, as well as their applicability to specific elements of the PSM system recommended by the Canadian Society for Chemical Engineering. This work represents the continuation of a previous study that performed a similar analysis for 60 CSB reports written during the period 1998–2010. The update provided here further illustrates the significant value of CSB investigation reports in demonstrating lessons learned and in training and educational efforts.Procedural safety was identified as the most common risk control measure cited in CSB reports, while the efficacy of inherent safety principles in incident prevention and mitigation has been consistently recognized by the CSB in its investigations. Risk reduction efforts aimed at incident prevention were found to be cited more often than those aimed at consequence mitigation. Active engineered safety measures were determined to be common among mitigation efforts due to the prevalence in the process industries of emergency alarms and fire suppression systems. © 2018 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Process Saf Prog 37: 459–466, 2018
Fisher information in confined isotropic harmonic oscillator
Authors: Mukherjee Neetik , Roy Amlan K. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractFisher information (I) is investigated in a confined harmonic oscillator (CHO) enclosed in a spherical enclosure, in conjugate r and p spaces. A comparative study between CHO and a free quantum particle in spherical box (PISB), as well as CHO and respective free harmonic oscillator (FHO) is pursued with respect to energy spectrum and I. This reveals that, a CHO offers two exactly solvable limits, namely, a PISB and an FHO. Moreover, the dependence of I on quantum numbers
n
r, l, m in FHO and CHO are analogous. The role of force constant is discussed. Further, a thorough systematic analysis of I with respect to variation of confinement radius r
c is presented, with particular attention on nonzero‐(l, m) states. Considerable new important observations are recorded. The results are quite accurate and most of these are presented for the first time.
Quantum‐classical transition of the dissipative wave packet dynamics for barrier scattering
Authors: Chou Chia‐Chun 
Published: October 2018

AbstractA nonlinear equation based on the Schrödinger–Langevin equation is employed to analyze the quantum‐classical transition of dissipative systems for wave packet barrier scattering. The transition equation is obtained by subtracting a modified quantum potential term depending on a degree of quantumness in the Schrödinger–Langevin equation, and it provides a continuous description for the transition process of dissipative systems from purely quantum to purely classical regimes. Important properties possessed by the equation are derived. The energy dissipation rate of the dissipative system does not depend on the degree of quantumness. It is shown that the equations of motion for the expectation values of the position and momentum operators for dissipative systems hold for all the degree of quantumness. This feature establishes the correspondence between classical and quantum dissipative systems. Computational results for the transition process of dissipative wave packet dynamics and transition trajectories are presented and analyzed for model systems involving the propagation of a free Gaussian wave packet and the wave packet scattering from an Eckart barrier. Computational results demonstrate that the agreement between the classical‐limit transition trajectories and classical trajectories is excellent, except in some regions. The single‐valued transition wave function implies that transition trajectories cannot pass through the same configuration space point at the same time.
Concise Review: The Current State of Human In Vitro Cardiac Disease Modeling: A Focus on Gene Editing and Tissue Engineering
Authors: Hoes Martijn F. , Bomer Nils , Meer Peter 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Until recently, in vivo and ex vivo experiments were the only means to determine factors and pathways involved in disease pathophysiology. After the generation of characterized human embryonic stem cell lines, human diseases could readily be studied in an extensively controllable setting. The introduction of human-induced pluripotent stem cells, a decade ago, allowed the investigation of hereditary diseases in vitro. In the field of cardiology, diseases linked to known genes have successfully been studied, revealing novel disease mechanisms. The direct effects of various mutations leading to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, dilated cardiomyopathy, arrythmogenic cardiomyopathy, or left ventricular noncompaction cardiomyopathy are discovered as a result of in vitro disease modeling. Researchers are currently applying more advanced techniques to unravel more complex phenotypes, resulting in state-of-the-art models that better mimic in vivo physiology. The continued improvement of tissue engineering techniques and new insights into epigenetics resulted in more reliable and feasible platforms for disease modeling and the development of novel therapeutic strategies. The introduction of CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing granted the ability to model diseases in vitro independent of induced pluripotent stem cells. In addition to highlighting recent developments in the field of human in vitro cardiomyopathy modeling, this review also aims to emphasize limitations that remain to be addressed; including residual somatic epigenetic signatures induced pluripotent stem cells, and modeling diseases with unknown genetic causes. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2019;8:66–74
Sum frequency generation study of immobilized 3‐aminopropyltriethoxysilane self‐assembled layer on Si(111) substrates
Authors: Khuat Thi Thu Hien , Liang Lin , Phan Trong Tue , Mizutani Goro , Rutt Harvey N. 
Published: October 2018

Distribution and orientation of 3‐aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) on a sensing surface play critical role on biosensor, but have not been fully investigated. In this work, the quality of APTES SAM immobilized on the Si(111) substrate was studied by observing sum frequency generation (SFG) response. The polarization, azimuthal angle, and position‐dependent SFG spectra of APTES coverage were obtained. In ppp and psp‐SFG spectra, the CH2 and CH3 vibrational and NH stretching modes were clearly seen around 3000 cm−1 and around 3300 cm−1 regions, respectively. The spp and ssp‐SFG spectra presented too weak signals that the vibrational regions were not clear. The positional and azimuthal angle dependence of the SFG spectra was observed from 0o to 360o with the step of 45o rotation around the surface normal. The 0° is defined as the [
] direction of Si(111) crystal lying in the incident plane and opposite to the incident k vectors. The appearance of the NH mode was observed to be strongly dependent on the position. The results indicate that the distribution and orientation of APTES molecules were not well ordered on the Si surfaces, suggesting that SFG is an efficient method to check the quality of APTES coverage immobilized on substrates.
Deep Eutectic Solvents as a New Generation of Chemical Chaperones
Authors: Niknaddaf Forouzan , Shahangian S. Shirin , Heydari Akbar , Hosseinkhani Saman , Sajedi Reza H. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractDespite research efforts to unravel the role of naturally occurring deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) in living cells, there are still many questions left unanswered. The proposed hypothesis about the role of NADESs in cryopreservation and resistance of cells motivated us to investigate whether DESs might possess chaperoning activity. Accordingly, here, the chaperone‐like activity of a well‐known DES, urea‐choline chloride DES (UC), on a model protein, lysozyme, has been evaluated. The results showed that UC DES was not only capable of suppressing lysozyme aggregation almost completely, but also efficiently enhanced the refolding yield of the denatured enzyme by nearly 95%, thereby suggesting the chaperoning potency of DESs. The refolding promotion of lysozyme was also verified through fluorescence study. The results may introduce DESs as new generation chaperones and shed light on their role in cell resistance under stress conditions.
Polypyrrole and Manganese Oxide Composite Materials with High Working Voltage and Excellent Cycling Stability
Authors: Bai Ming‐Hua , Liu Rui , Yang Xiao‐Bo , Yu Zhan , Wang Ying , Zhao Zhen 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIn an aqueous mixture of manganese acetate, ammonium acetate and pyrrole, PPy and MnO2 composite materials (PPy‐MnO2) are synthesized by i‐t technology at 0.9 V vs. SCE. The influences of manganese acetate to pyrrole in the electro‐codeposition solution on morphologies and charge storage properties of the composite are discussed. PPy‐MnO2 composite materials as the electrode material exhibit a wide charge‐storage potential window of 1.2 V (between −0.3 and 0.9 V vs. SCE) and a high specific capacitance of 345.54 F g−1 at 2 mA cm−2. A symmetric flexible supercapacitor (PPy‐MnO2//PPy‐MnO2) is assembled by using PPy‐MnO2 composite electrodes. PPy‐MnO2//PPy‐MnO2 model supercapacitor displays almost 100% capacitance retention on the different bending angles. The energy density of 37.63 Wh kg−1 at the power density of 830 W kg−1 and an immense cyclic charge‐discharge stability, the specific capacitance is lost less than 3% after the 10,000 galvanostatic charge‐discharge cycles. The successful synthesis of high performance composite electrodes using electro‐codeposition method could open up new opportunities for high energy density supercapacitors.
High Electrical Conductivity 2D MXene Serves as Additive of Perovskite for Efficient Solar Cells
Authors: Guo Zhanglin , Gao Liguo , Xu Zhenhua , Teo Siowhwa , Zhang Chu , Kamata Yusuke , Hayase Shuzi , Ma Tingli 
Published: October 2018

AbstractMXenes, a newly intriguing family of 2D materials, have recently attracted considerable attention owing to their excellent properties such as high electrical conductivity and mobility, tunable structure, and termination groups. Here, the Ti3C2Tx MXene is incorporated into the perovskite absorber layer for the first time, which aims for efficiency enhancement. Results show that the termination groups of Ti3C2Tx can retard the crystallization rate, thereby increasing the crystal size of CH3NH3PbI3. It is found that the high electrical conductivity and mobility of MXene can accelerate the charge transfer. After optimizing the key parameters, 12% enhancement in device performance is achieved by 0.03 wt% amount of MXene additive. This work unlocks opportunities for the use of MXene as potential materials in perovskite solar cell applications.
Flexible Transient Phototransistors by Use of Wafer‐Compatible Transferred Silicon Nanomembranes
Authors: Li Gongjin , Song Enming , Huang Gaoshan , Pan Ruobing , Guo Qinglei , Ma Fei , Zhou Bin , Di Zengfeng , Mei YongFeng 
Published: October 2018

AbstractFlexible transient photodetectors, a form of optoelectronic sensors that can be physically self‐destroyed in a controllable manner, could be one of the important components for future transient electronic systems. In this work, a scalable, device‐first, and bottom‐up thinning process enables the fabrication of a flexible transient phototransistor on a wafer‐compatible transferred silicon nanomembrane. A gate modulation significantly restrains the dark current to 10−12 A. With full exposure of the light‐sensitive channel, such a device yields an ultrahigh photo‐to‐dark current ratio of 107 with a responsivity of 1.34 A W−1 (λ = 405 nm). The use of a high‐temperature degradable polymer transient interlayer realizes on‐demand self‐destruction of the fabricated phototransistors, which offers a solution to the technical security issue of advanced flexible electronics. Such demonstration paves a new way for designing transient optoelectronic devices with a wafer‐compatible process.
Biomarkers identification of Lycopodiaceae and Huperziaceae species from peninsular Malaysia with HPLC chromatographic profiling and partial least square analysis
Authors: Choo Chee‐Yan , Mohd Nor Nurul Ain , Sahidan NorShahidah , A. Latiff , Hitotsuyanagi Yukio 
Published: October 2018

AbstractCrude herbal extracts are complex matrix consisting large quantity of plant metabolites. The identification of plant metabolite exhibiting bioactivity using the conventional bioactivity‐guided isolation process is a tedious and time‐consuming method. Club mosses from the Lycopodiceace and Huperziaceae families from Peninsular Malaysia is used as a model for this study since the alkaloid, (‐)‐huperzine A, exhibited acetylcholinesterase inhibition and used for the treatment of Alzheimer disease. The aim of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of using high‐performance liquid chromatographic profile and applying partial least square projection to identify the biomarkers. A high‐performance liquid chromatography gradient system with increasing amount of acetonitrile in deionized water and an ODS‐3 column (250 × 4.6 mm) was developed for the acquisition of the chromatographic profiles. A colorimetric assay was used to analyze the acetylcholinesterase inhibition activity. Both the pretreated high‐performance liquid chromatography integration data and acetylcholinesterase inhibition results were subjected to chemometric data analysis. From the unsupervised principal component analysis results, no outliers were detected and the data was further subjected to partial least square projections. Two biomarkers were identified and were isolated and structurally elucidated as 6β‐hydroxyhuperzine A and (‐)‐huperzine A.
Influence of rare earth ion substitutions on the structural, optical, transport, dielectric, and magnetic properties of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles
Authors: Kershi R. M. , Ali F. M. , Sayed M. A. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractSuperparamgnetic Fe3O4and RE:Fe3O4(RE = Dy, Nd, La) nanoparticles with an average crystallite size in the range of 15–24 nm, were synthesized by co-precipitation method. The samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), UV–Vis spectroscopy, LCR bridge, and two-probe technique. X-ray diffraction patterns of all the investigated samples reveal the typical phase of magnetite structure, with a small contribution of orthoferrite (NdFeO3) as a secondary phase in Nd:Fe3O4sample. The saturation magnetization (Ms) of the samples has values in the range from 41.8 to 52.3 emu/g, and decreases with RE ion doping depending on the ionic radius. Negligible values of the coercivityHcand remanenceMr, indicate the superparamagnetic nature of the investigated samples. The calculated values of indirect optical band gap of Fe3O4and RE:Fe3O4nanoparticles are in the range of 0.9–1.25 eV. The dielectric constant of the samples decreases, while their activation energy increases with the increasing of ionic radii of dopants.
Enhanced thermal shock and oxidation resistance of Si2BC3N ceramics through MWCNTs incorporation
Authors: Liao Ning , Jia Dechang , Yang Zhihua , Zhou Yu , Li Yawei 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) reinforced Si2BC3N ceramics were prepared through mechanical alloying (MA) and following spark plasma sintering (SPS). The thermal shock resistance of Si2BC3N ceramics was evaluated comparatively through ice water quenching test and theoretical prediction. Furthermore, the oxidation resistance of MWCNTs incorporated Si2BC3N ceramics was evaluated under high temperature. The results show that the calculated parameters such as the critical thermal shock temperature (R) and the thermal stresses resistance (R
st), as well as the toughness (R″″) are improved with addition of 1 vol% MWCNTs. In addition, the crack propagation resistance of 1 vol% MWCNTs incorporated Si2BC3N ceramics is obviously improved through generating more tortuous crack propagation paths attributing to the “crack bridging”, “pull-out”, and “crack deflection” mechanisms of MWCNTs. Therefore, the residual strengths of 1 vol% MWCNTs containing specimens remained the highest after the thermal shock tests. Besides, the present work also reveals that the oxidation resistance is more sensitive to relative density than MWCNTs addition.
Multi-Level, Recursive Law and Development: Singapore’s Legal Role in ASEAN
Authors: HARDING Andrew 
Published: October 2018

Abstract“Developed” states tend to reflect their own development experience in their dealings with “less developed” states, encouraging replication of their own solutions and processes. This is “recursive” law and development (LAD). This article examines the role of Singapore in LAD processes in the ASEAN region. It finds that Singapore’s LAD efforts are recursive and focused on rule-of-law and governance training, including especially anti-corruption methods. These are conducted not via a special agency, but via co-operation that is multilevel, multidimensional, and untrumpeted. LAD can learn lessons from this approach.
Utilizing the electronic health record to construct antibiograms for previously healthy children with urinary tract infections
Authors: Chao Yusuf Y. , Kociolek Larry K. , Zheng Xiaotian T. , Scardina Tonya , Patel Sameer J. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractTraditional antibiograms can guide empiric antibiotic therapy, but they may miss differences in resistance across patient subpopulations. In this retrospective descriptive study, we constructed and validated antibiograms using International Classification of Disease, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) codes and other discrete data elements to define a cohort of previously healthy children with urinary tract infections. Our results demonstrate increased antibiotic susceptibility. This methodology may be modified to create other syndrome-specific antibiograms.
Understanding changes in the standardized antimicrobial administration ratio for total antimicrobial use after implementation of prospective audit and feedback
Authors: Griebel Meghan E. , Heintz Brett , Alexander Bruce , Egge Jason , Goto Michihiko , Livorsi Daniel J. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIn this single-center study, the standardized antimicrobial administration ratio (SAAR) for total antimicrobial use decreased in response to a stewardship intervention. Antimicrobial prescribing and clinical outcomes were stable or improved during the period of lower SAARs. Our findings suggest that SAAR values of ~0.8 can be safely achieved.
Forced Labour, Roads, and Chiefs: The Implementation of the ILO Forced Labour Convention in the Gold Coast
Authors: Kunkel Sarah 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThis article analyses the implications of the Forced Labour Convention of 1930 on colonial labour policies for road labour carried out under chiefs in the Gold Coast. The British colonial administration implemented a legal application of the convention that allowed the continuation of the existing system of public works. In the Gold Coast, the issue of road labour was most prominent in the North, where chiefs maintained the majority of roads. Indirect rule became crucial in retaining forced labour in compliance with the convention. This article focuses on “hidden strategies” of British colonialism after 1930, contrasting studies of blatant cases of forced labour. The analysis is based on a close scrutiny of the internal discourse among colonial officials on the question of road labour and the Forced Labour Convention.
Phylogeny and comprehensive revision of mugiliform-infecting myxobolids (Myxozoa, Myxobolidae), with the morphological and molecular redescription of the cryptic speciesMyxobolus exiguus
Authors: Rocha S. , Azevedo C. , Oliveira E. , Alves Â. , Antunes C. , Rodrigues P. , Casal G. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractMullets inhabit a wide range of habitats from tropical to temperate regions and play a critical role in their ecosystems. This commercially important fish group constitutes a significant source of food in several geographic regions, and the production of some species for consumption is an increasing trend. About 64 myxosporean species have been reported in mullets, some of which are cryptic, as is the case ofMyxobolus exiguus, andM. muelleri. This paper provides, for the first time, a detailed and critical revision of the data available for myxobolids reported in mullets, determining the species that havebona fidemugiliform fish hosts, in accordance with the original species descriptions, the available molecular data and the currently accepted taxonomic and phylogenetic criteria. Phylogenetic analyses using Bayesian inference and maximum-likelihood methodologies suggest that the evolutionary history of myxobolids withbona fidemugiliform fish hosts reflects that of its vertebrate hosts, while reinforcing known evolutionary factors and old systematic issues of the clade of myxobolids. A comprehensive morphological, ultrastructural and molecular redescription is also provided for the cryptic speciesM. exiguus, from infections in the visceral peritoneum of the thinlip-grey mulletChelon ramadain the River Minho, Portugal.
Battle of the Styles? Classical and Gothic Architecture in Seventeenth-Century North-East England
Authors: Pears Richard 
Published: October 2018

Research over the last twenty years into seventeenth-century elite British architecture has questioned the view that Classical designs were the preserve of a narrow group of royal and aristocratic patrons at the Stuart court, and also that Inigo Jones was a ‘lonely genius’ misunderstood in his own lifetime but prophesizing the true Classicism that was to bloom in the eighteenth century.The role of patrons in defining architectural styles has also been analysed, and it has been noted that Classicism was not the only style they favoured. For earlier historians, a perception that Classical architecture was an advance upon the Gothic style of medieval English buildings led to discussions of ‘Gothic survival’ or ‘Gothic revival’ and of a ‘Battle of the Styles’ in sixteenth-, seventeenth- and eighteenth-century buildings, with such patrons as Lady Anne Clifford (1590–1676), who commissioned and renovated buildings in Gothic style, being viewed as a ‘curiosity’ for not employing Classical style.