bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Selbsteingeschätzte Versorgungsqualität des Diabetes
Authors: Buchmann Maike , Du Yong , Baumert Jens , Krause Laura , Weise Solveig , Heidemann Christin 
Published: November 2024

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund
Menschen mit Diabetes sollten aktiv in ihre Behandlung eingebunden werden. Daher ist ihre Perspektive auf Komponenten der Versorgungsqualität in der Interaktion mit dem Behandlungsteam bedeutsam, z. B. in Bezug auf das Festlegen individueller Therapieziele.

Ziel
Im Rahmen einer bundesweiten, bevölkerungsbezogenen Befragung wurde die Versorgungsqualität aus der Perspektive von Menschen mit Typ-2-Diabetes ab 45 Jahren erfasst und im Zusammenhang mit soziodemografischen, krankheits- und versorgungsbezogenen Merkmalen analysiert, um daraus Verbesserungspotenziale abzuleiten.

Methoden
Die selbsteingeschätzte Versorgungsqualität wurde mithilfe des 9 Einzelkomponenten umfassenden Befragungsinstruments PACIC-DSF (Patient Assessment of Chronic Illness Care – DAWN short form) ermittelt. Ein höherer Mittelwert des PACIC-DSF-Scores bzw. der 9 Komponenten (Skala jeweils: 1–5) weist auf eine bessere selbsteingeschätzte Versorgungsqualität im letzten Jahr hin.

Ergebnisse
Die Versorgungsqualität des Typ-2-Diabetes wurde insgesamt als moderat eingeschätzt (2,4). Frauen, Menschen ab 80 Jahren und Menschen mit einer Diabetesdauer < 5 Jahren schätzten ihre Versorgungsqualität gegenüber den Vergleichsgruppen weniger gut ein. Eine Schulungsteilnahme, ärztliche diagnostische Maßnahmen, eine Medikation (v. a. Insulin) und Blutzuckerselbstkontrollen (v. a. mit Sensor) gingen mit einer besseren selbsteingeschätzten Versorgungsqualität einher. Mehr als die Hälfte der Befragten berichtete für die meisten PACIC-DSF-Komponenten, z. B. die Ermutigung zu einer Schulung sowie Fragen nach Nebenwirkungen der Medikamente und eigenen Behandlungszielen, diese selten oder nie im letzten Jahr erlebt zu haben.

Diskussion
Den Ergebnissen zufolge erscheint eine stärkere Implementation von Komponenten einer patientenzentrierten Behandlung notwendig. Personen mit kurzer Diabetesdauer und ohne Medikation könnten stärker eingebunden werden, z. B. nach ihren Behandlungswünschen gefragt werden. Diabetesschulungen und ärztliche diagnostische Maßnahmen könnten die Versorgungsqualität erhöhen.
Calibration of the Critical Velocity Description in Cold Spray
Authors: Wiehler L. , Capan J. , Arabgol Z. , Huang C. , List A. , Gärtner F. , Klassen T. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn cold spray, successful bonding occurs when particle impact velocities exceed the critical velocity. The description of the critical velocity includes temperature upon impact and material properties, relying on tabulated data of bulk material. However, rapid solidification of powder particles during gas atomization results in higher strengths than reached by respective bulk materials, causing an underestimation of the critical velocity. Thus, a readjustment of the semiempirical calibration constants can supply a more accurate prediction of the requested spray conditions for bonding. Using copper and aluminum as examples, experimentally determined particle strengths for various particle sizes were 43% and 81% higher than those of the corresponding soft bulk materials. Cold spraying was performed over a wide range of parameter sets, achieving deposition efficiencies (DE) ranging from 2% to 98%. DEs were plotted as a function of particle impact velocities and temperatures, as calculated by a fluid dynamic approach. By using DEs of 50%, the critical velocities of the different powders and the corresponding semiempirical constants were determined. The results reveal material-dependent differences in the mechanical pre-factor. This allows a more precise description of individual influences by particle strengths on critical velocities and enhances the understanding and prediction of coating properties.
The management of paediatric acute liver failure: results from an international multi-centre survey across Europe
Authors: Alexander Emma C , Malham Mikkel , Lenz Dominic , Grazioli Serge , Jørgensen Marianne Hørby , Deep Akash ,   On behalf of the Liver Failure Working Group of the European Society of Paediatric and Neonatal Intensive Care (ESPNIC) and the Acute Liver Failure working group of the European Reference Network (ERN) Rare-Liver
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Paediatric acute liver failure (PALF) is a rare condition with high morbidity and mortality. The liver transplant era, and improvements in medical management, have transformed outcomes. However, differences in aetiology, management, experience and resources are reported across single-centre case series. This study aimed to survey current practices in the critical care of children with PALF across Europe.

Methods
Cross-sectional survey of PICUs in European countries was created and distributed by the Liver Failure Working Group of the European Society of Paediatric and Neonatal Intensive Care (ESPNIC) and ERN Rare-Liver. Participants were intensivists and hepatologists across PICUs in Europe. The survey was distributed using the EUSurvey platform April-June 2023.

Results
25 centres from 16 countries participated (response rate 66% of 38 relevant centres). Most centres (56%, n = 14) managed 1–6 cases of PALF per year. Therapeutic strategies varied across the participating centres. Overall, 80% (n = 20) routinely prescribed antibiotics. Invasive intracranial pressure monitoring was practiced by 20% (n = 5) of centres; cerebral perfusion pressure was targeted by 68% of centres (n = 17). All centres used renal replacement therapy (88% for hyperammonaemia, 50% hepatic encephalopathy); 64% (n = 16) made use of plasma exchange. Most centres used the King’s College Hospital Criteria (68%, n = 17) for listing.

Conclusions
This survey across Europe highlighted varied aetiologies in different settings, and variations in key aspects of management, for patients with PALF. International collaboration is needed to standardise guidelines to improve equity of access to treatment, and to foster research collaborations to improve outcomes, for this high-risk patient group.
Convolutional kernel-based classification of industrial alarm floods
Authors: Manca Gianluca , Fay Alexander 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Alarm flood classification (AFC) methods are crucial in assisting human operators to identify and mitigate the overwhelming occurrences of alarm floods in industrial process plants, a challenge exacerbated by the complexity and data-intensive nature of modern process control systems. These alarm floods can significantly impair situational awareness and hinder decision-making. Existing AFC methods face difficulties in dealing with the inherent ambiguity in alarm sequences and the task of identifying novel, previously unobserved alarm floods. As a result, they often fail to accurately classify alarm floods. Addressing these significant limitations, this paper introduces a novel three-tier AFC method that uses alarm time series as input. In the transformation stage, alarm floods are subjected to an ensemble of convolutional kernel-based transformations (MultiRocket) to extract their characteristic dynamic properties, which are then fed into the classification stage, where a linear ridge regression classifier ensemble is used to identify recurring alarm floods. In the final novelty detection stage, the local outlier probability (LoOP) is used to determine a confidence measure of whether the classified alarm flood truly belongs to a known or previously unobserved class. Our method has been thoroughly validated using a publicly available dataset based on the Tennessee-Eastman process. The results show that our method outperforms two naive baselines and four existing AFC methods from the literature in terms of overall classification performance as well as the ability to optimize the balance between accurately identifying alarm floods from known classes and detecting alarm flood classes that have not been observed before.
Critical security research and the war on terror: From the margins to the mainstream?
Authors: Jarvis Lee , Lister Michael 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Contemporary reckoning with the catastrophic outcomes of the post-9/11 era opens important questions for the future of counterterrorism policy. It also raises significant issues for thinking through the future priorities and purposes of security scholarship. In this article we make two core claims. First, recent years have seen considerable mainstreaming of ostensibly critical ideas on (counter)terrorism within political debate, media commentary, and – crucially – security policy. Second, such ideas – including around the futility of ‘war’ on terror; the ineffectiveness of torture; the unstable framing of threats such as radicalisation; and the inefficiency of excessive counterterrorism expenditure – were widely dismissed as lacking in policy relevance, even being utopian, when articulated by critically oriented scholars. This development, we argue, raises important ontological questions around the ending of security paradigms such as the war on terror. It also prompts vital political, epistemological, and normative questions around the status of overtly critical scholarship when its ideas and recommendations achieve wider currency.
Regular Schur labeled skew shape posets and their 0-Hecke modules
Authors: Kim Young-Hun , Lee So-Yeon , Oh Young-Tak 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Assuming Stanley’s P-partitions conjecture holds, the regular Schur labeled skew shape posets are precisely the finite posets P with underlying set

$\{1, 2, \ldots , |P|\}$

such that the P-partition generating function is symmetric and the set of linear extensions of P, denoted

$\Sigma _L(P)$

, is a left weak Bruhat interval in the symmetric group

$\mathfrak {S}_{|P|}$

. We describe the permutations in

$\Sigma _L(P)$

in terms of reading words of standard Young tableaux when P is a regular Schur labeled skew shape poset, and classify

$\Sigma _L(P)$

’s up to descent-preserving isomorphism as P ranges over regular Schur labeled skew shape posets. The results obtained are then applied to classify the

$0$

-Hecke modules

$\mathsf {M}_P$

associated with regular Schur labeled skew shape posets P up to isomorphism. Then we characterize regular Schur labeled skew shape posets as the finite posets P whose linear extensions form a dual plactic-closed subset of

$\mathfrak {S}_{|P|}$

. Using this characterization, we construct distinguished filtrations of

$\mathsf {M}_P$

with respect to the Schur basis when P is a regular Schur labeled skew shape poset. Further issues concerned with the classification and decomposition of the

$0$

-Hecke modules

$\mathsf {M}_P$

are also discussed.
Numerical invariants on twisted noncommutative polyballs: curvature and multiplicity
Authors: Popescu Gelu 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The goal of this paper is to show that the theory of curvature invariant, as introduced by Arveson, admits a natural extension to the framework of

${\mathcal U}$

-twisted polyballs

$B^{\mathcal U}({\mathcal H})$

which consist of k-tuples

$(A_1,\ldots, A_k)$

of row contractions

$A_i=(A_{i,1},\ldots, A_{i,n_i})$

satisfying certain

${\mathcal U}$

-commutation relations with respect to a set

${\mathcal U}$

of unitary commuting operators on a Hilbert space

${\mathcal H}$

. Throughout this paper, we will be concerned with the curvature of the elements

$A\in B^{\mathcal U}({\mathcal H})$

with positive trace class defect operator

$\Delta_A(I)$

. We prove the existence of the curvature invariant and present some of its basic properties. A distinguished role as a universal model among the pure elements in

${\mathcal U}$

-twisted polyballs is played by the standard

$I\otimes{\mathcal U}$

-twisted multi-shift S acting on

$\ell^2({\mathbb F}_{n_1}^+\times\cdots\times {\mathbb F}_{n_k}^+)\otimes {\mathcal H}$

. The curvature invariant

$\mathrm{curv} (A)$

can be any non-negative real number and measures the amount by which A deviates from the universal model S. Special attention is given to the

$I\otimes {\mathcal U}$

-twisted multi-shift S and the invariant subspaces (co-invariant) under S and

$I\otimes {\mathcal U}$

, due to the fact that any pure element

$A\in B^{\mathcal U}({\mathcal H})$

with

$\Delta_A(I)\geq 0$

is the compression of S to such a co-invariant subspace.
The History of Trade Unionism and Working Class Politics as Social Movement History: Three Volumes on the Nordic Countries
Authors: Knotter Ad 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In the past twenty years or so, the Nordic countries (Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Finland, and Iceland) have seen a “renewal” in labour history. Thanks to exchanges outside the Nordic sphere and the “global turn” in labour history, new questions have been raised and topics addressed. Increased attention has been paid to the variations of labour and labour relations (including coerced labour), to working lives and the workplace, and to gender. The studies under review in this essay testify to the ongoing evolution of labour movement history in the Nordic countries in recent years.
Governing on par with states: Private power and practices of political normalisation
Authors: Uribe Juanita 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The involvement of private actors in global policymaking has received significant scholarly attention in IR. Existing accounts have shown how entities such as corporations, businesses, and philanthropies build their authority to become legitimate actors and shape global politics. This paper argues that contemporary global dynamics, such as the financialisation of development and the rise of multistakeholderism, have ushered in a trend where private actors are not only seen as legitimate delegated authorities but also embraced as fully fledged political equals indispensable for addressing societal problems. To understand this shift, it is necessary to move beyond an examination of legitimation strategies to interrogate, instead, how private actors shape what are seen as ‘apt’ or ‘deviant’ ways of knowing and acting upon problems. Through an examination of what I call ‘political normalisation’ in the field of global food governance, I show how through concrete practices – individualising social problems, defining institutional aptness, and cultivating the landscape – private actors not only cultivate a perception of themselves as rightful global governors but also shape the parameters of what rightful governing ought to be. More broadly, this shift invites us to further complicate the public–private divide and assess the novel ways through which private actors ‘do’ politics.
Improved bounds for five-term arithmetic progressions
Authors: LENG JAMES , SAH ASHWIN , SAWHNEY MEHTAAB 
Published: November 2024

AbstractLet
$r_5(N)$
be the largest cardinality of a set in
$\{1,\ldots,N\}$
which does not contain 5 elements in arithmetic progression. Then there exists a constant
$c\in (0,1)$
such that
\[r_5(N)\ll \frac{N}{\exp\!((\!\log\log N)^{c})}.\]
Our work is a consequence of recent improved bounds on the
$U^4$
-inverse theorem of J. Leng and the fact that 3-step nilsequences may be approximated by locally cubic functions on shifted Bohr sets. This, combined with the density increment strategy of Heath–Brown and Szemerédi, codified by Green and Tao, gives the desired result.
Seeds consumed by three sympatric species of threatened Sporophila seedeaters: lessons for conservation and grassland restoration
Authors: Franz Ismael , Vizentin-Bugoni Jeferson , Repenning Márcio , Rovedder Cristiano E. , Boldrini Ilsi I. , Fontana Carla S. 
Published: November 2024

Summary
Resource partitioning is a critical mechanism underlying the coexistence of close relative species that feed on similar resources. Based on foraging data, we built a plant–seedeater interaction network for three sympatric species of Neotropical seedeaters – namely Tropeiro Seedeater Sporophila beltoni, Black-bellied Seedeater Sporophila melanogaster, and Tawny-bellied Seedeater Sporophila hypoxantha, and tested to what extent the three species shared resources. The interaction network was non-nested and modular, forming three modules, each one comprising one seedeater species and their most consumed plants, indicating the existence of resource partitioning. Modules may result from multiple non-exclusive factors, including differences among seedeater species in habitat use, bill sizes, feeding habits, structure of vegetation for nesting, and abiotic factors that influence plant composition. Our results indicate that the effective conservation of these species requires the protection of areas that include the three distinct subsets of plants used by these birds during the breeding season and also indicates which plants may be used for the restoration of grasslands in the region.
Investigate prompt gamma profiles using a collimator-based camera for in-vivo monitoring of distal dose and tumour localisation in proton therapy of non-small cell lung cancer: a Monte Carlo simulation study
Authors: Rohollahpour Elham , Taleshi Ahangari Hadi , Raghavi Sajjad 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Lung cancer ranks high among the causes of mortality in cancer patients, as per the most recent World Health Organization report. Proton therapy offers a precise approach to treating lung cancer by delivering protons with high accuracy to the targeted site. However, inaccuracies in proton delivery can lead to increased toxicity in healthy tissues. This study aims to investigate the correlation between proton beam dose profiles in lung tumours and the scattered gamma particles.

Material and methods:
The study utilised the Gate simulation software to simulate proton beam radiation and an imaging system for prompt gamma imaging during proton therapy. An anthropomorphic Non-uniform rational B-spline (NURBS) cardiac and torso (NCAT) phantom was employed to replicate lung tumours of various sizes. The imaging system comprised a multi-slit collimation system, CsI(Tl) scintillator arrays and a multichannel data acquisition system. Simulations were conducted to explore the relationship between prompt gamma detection and proton range for different tumour sizes.

Results:
Following 60 MeV proton irradiation of the NCAT phantom, the study examined the gamma energy spectrum, identifying peak intensities at energies of 2.31, 3.8, 4.44, 5.27 and 6.13 MeV. Adjustments to the proton beam source tailored to tumour sizes achieved a coverage rate of 98%. Optimal energies ranging from 77 to 91.5 MeV were determined for varying tumour volumes, supported by dose distribution profiles and prompt gamma distribution illustrations.

Discussion:
The study evaluated the viability of utilising 2D gamma imaging with a multi-slit collimator scintillation camera for real-time monitoring of dose delivery during proton therapy for lung cancer. The findings indicated that this method is most suitable for small lung tumours (radius ≤ 12 mm) due to reduced gamma emission from larger tumours.

Conclusion:
While the study demonstrates promising results in range estimation using prompt gamma particles, challenges were encountered in accurately estimating large tumours using this method.
Desert Specters: Commemoration and Myth in Doctor Atomic and Oppenheimer
Authors: Gatdula Anna B. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This article explores the cultural commemorations of J. Robert Oppenheimer through the lenses of opera and film, specifically focusing on Christopher Nolan's film Oppenheimer (2023) and Peter Sellars and John Adams's opera Doctor Atomic (2005/2018). It engages with Michel-Rolph Trouillot's theories on history and mythmaking to analyze how these cultural productions function as acts of commemoration that sanitize and mythicize historical processes. The revival of Oppenheimer as a mythic figure reflects a broader societal negotiation with the legacy of nuclear technology and its implications in the twenty-first century. Both the opera and the film reify a political and ideological attachment to the U.S. nuclear complex. Furthermore, this article critically examines the production settings of “Doctor Atomic” at the Santa Fe Opera and Nolan's on-location filming in New Mexico. It argues that these settings add a ritualistic valence to the narrative, enhancing the mythic portrayal of Oppenheimer and the Manhattan Project. Through a detailed analysis of narrative strategies and media affordances, this study reveals how contemporary depictions of historical figures and events shape and sustain national myths that support an ongoing attachment to the nuclear complex.
Four-element LC-baluns for power matching arbitrary impedances
Authors: Jepsen Rasmus Alexander , Ardenkjær-Larsen Jan Henrik , Zhurbenko Vitaliy 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Six four-element balun topologies are introduced that enable complex impedance matching in addition to common-mode rejection. Design equations for these topologies are presented. Three of these networks are universal, while the other three are capable of performing only specific impedance transformations. Examples of these networks were designed and fabricated along with a traditional lattice balun network for an operating frequency of 300 MHz. These networks were verified through extensive electromagnetic simulations and by measuring the fabricated networks. The fabricated novel network examples were able to achieve common-mode rejection ratios above 20 dB, power wave reflection coefficients below −20 dB, and insertion losses of approximately 0.1 dB; these results were similar to or better than the performance of the fabricated traditional lattice balun. The design example networks also provided power matching and low insertion loss over a greater bandwidth compared to the fabricated traditional network. These networks will allow for the footprints of lumped-element balun circuitry to be reduced, which is particularly useful in integrated circuit design. These topologies are also expected to further increase radio-frequency (RF) circuit design flexibility by offering more alternative realizations.
Enhanced Cross‐Shelf Exchange by the Eddies Associated With Plume Front
Authors: Zu Tingting , Cai Zhongya , Qu Lixin , Hetland Robert D. , Huang Caijing , Luo Lin , Wang Dongxiao 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBroadened width of high chlorophyll concentration band with wavy structures, patches, and filaments are often observed along the western coastal next to the Pearl River Estuary over the northern South China Sea shelf during the transition period from winter to summer monsoon. Whereas, there is no such wide band in other seasons. By using a high‐resolution numerical model, we reveal that the complex structure and wider band of high coastal chlorophyll concentration results from the smaller scale eddies (about 20–50 km in diameter) associated with buoyant plume‐induced salinity front and density fronts, which are roughly along the 30 and 50 m isobaths, respectively. Two trains of eddies are formed along the fronts by the baroclinic instability triggered by frequently alternating winds over the fronts during the period of monsoon transition. The influences of these two trains of eddies are extended in the cross‐shelf direction by their interactions, and they can temporally enhance the cross‐shelf flow and material exchange. They serve as an efficient pathway to link the inner shelf toward the continental slope.