bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Flavor halos andconsumer perceptions offood healthfulness
Authors: Pham Nguyen , Morrin Maureen , Bublitz Melissa G. 
Published: April 2019

Purpose This paper aims to examine how repeated exposure to health-related products that contain flavors (e.g. cherry-flavored cough syrup) create “flavor halos” that can bias perceptions about the healthfulness of foods that contain the same flavors (e.g. cherry-flavored cheesecake). Design/methodology/approach Six experiments, using both between- and within-subjects designs, explore the effects of flavor halos in hypothetical and actual consumption settings. They test the underlying mechanism, rule out competing explanations and identify an opportunity to correct the cognitive biases created by flavor halos. Findings Flavor halos can be created via repeated exposure to flavored medicinal products in the marketplace. These flavor halos bias dieters’ judgments about the healthfulness of vice foods containing such flavors. Dieters are motivated toward a directional conclusion about food healthfulness to mediate the guilt associated with consuming indulgent products. Providing dieters with corrective information mitigates these effects. Research limitations/implications The authors examine one way flavor halos are created –via repeated exposure to flavored medicinal products. Future research should explore other ways flavor halos are created and other ways to mitigate their effects. Practical implications Considering the prevalence of obesity, organizations striving to help consumers pursue health goals (e.g. weight watchers) can use flavors to improve dietary compliance. Health-care organizations can help consumers understand and correct the cognitive biases associated with flavor halos. Originality/value By identifying flavor halos, this work adds to the literature investigating how flavors influence consumers’ judgments about healthfulness. The results suggest dieters apply flavor halos as they engage in motivated reasoning to license their indulgent desires.
Seasonal anomalies in the market for American depository receipts
Authors: Lobão Júlio 
Published: April 2019

Purpose
The literature provides extensive evidence for seasonality in stock market returns, but is almost non-existent concerning the potential seasonality in American depository receipts (ADRs). To fill this gap, this paper aims to examine a number of seasonal effects in the market for ADRs.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper examines four ADRs for the period from April 1999 to March 2017 to look for signs of eight important seasonal anomalies. The authors follow the standard methodology of using dummy variables for the time period of interest to capture excess returns. For comparison, the same analysis on two US stock market indices is conducted.

Findings
The results show the presence of a highly significant pre-holiday effect in all return series, which does not seem to be justified by risk. Moreover, turn-of-the-month effects, monthly effects and day-of-the-week effects were detected in some of the ADRs. The seasonality patterns under analysis tended to be stronger in emerging market-based ADRs.

Research limitations/implications
Overall, the results show that significant seasonal patterns were present in the price dynamics of ADRs. Moreover, the findings lend support to the idea that emerging markets are less efficient than developed stock markets.

Originality/value
This is the most comprehensive study to date for indication of seasonal anomalies in the market for ADRs. The authors use an extensive sample that includes recent significant financial events such as the 2007/2008 financial crisis and consider ADRs with different characteristics, which allows to draw comparisons between the differential price dynamics arising in developed market-based ADRs and in the ADRs whose underlying securities are traded in emerging markets.
An empirical investigation of determinants of sustainability report assurance in France
Authors: Mnif Sellami Yosra , Dammak Ben Hlima Nada , Jarboui Anis 
Published: April 2019

PurposeThis study aims at providing a proof of the factors associated with sustainability assurance demand by French companies.Design/methodology/approachThis research used panel data methodology.FindingsThe study results demonstrate that institutional ownership and the presence of corporate social responsibility (CSR) committee within the management board have an effect on the demand for sustainability assurance. The results also reveal that three types of stakeholders (employees, environment and customers) positively affect the demand of voluntary sustainability assurance.Originality/valueThe paper provides a preliminary proof on the effects of the governance of corporation and pressure of some groups of stakeholders on the voluntary demand of sustainability assurance in France.
The effect of board and audit committee effectiveness on internal control disclosure under different regulatory environments in South Asia
Authors: Ashfaq Khurram , Rui Zhang 
Published: April 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the internal control disclosure (ICDISC) practices in South Asia and compare those disclosure practices across enforced setting (India) versus comply or explain setting (Pakistan and Bangladesh). Further, whether the audit firm size moderates the relationship between ICDISC practices and board & audit committee effectiveness.

Design/methodology/approach
To achieve these objectives, a sample of 100 non-financial companies was selected from Pakistan and India for three years’ period (2013-2015), whereas 93 companies were selected from Bangladesh based on market capitalization. The ICDISC index has been used which is based on the COSO framework.

Findings
Results of univariate analysis show that public sector companies in South Asia tend to disclose significantly more internal control information as compared to private sector companies. In terms of enforcement variable, the results of Mann–Whitney test show that companies listed in enforced setting have disclosed significantly greater extent of overall as well as individual categories of ICDISC as compared to companies listed in comply or explain setting. Based on multivariate analysis results for overall sample, it was found that board and audit committee characteristics and ownership by government have positive significant effect on ICDISC except representation of female or foreigner on audit committee which was found negatively significant. In addition to this, listing on foreign stock exchange and enforcement effect emerged as significant variables to influence ICDISC. Finally, the results of additional analysis state that the role of board and audit committee for influencing ICDISC has been moderated by the external auditor size in South Asia. In addition, enforcement variable is highly positively significant for companies having non-big four audit firm.

Research limitations/implications
These results imply that enforcement variable acts as an important alternative external control mechanism when companies do not have big four audit firm as their external auditors.

Originality/value
This is very first study on ICDISC in South Asia which explores the effect of enforcement and governance on ICDISC practices of firms. It also contributes toward the literature that the regulation on reporting of internal control can be effective in developing country only if there is strong penalty for non-compliance by regulatory authorities.
The role of operational stickiness in impacting new venture survival
Authors: Shi Yingjie , Zhu Xuechang , Zhang Shuaishuai , Lin Yu 
Published: April 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the existence of operational stickiness, and explores the relationship between operational stickiness and the likelihood of survival. Furthermore, the authors investigate this relationship in different manufacturing industries.Design/methodology/approachUsing a large sample of more than 200,000 new manufacturing small and medium enterprises between 2000 and 2013 in China, the authors use the survival analysis method to investigate the non-linear relationship between operational stickiness and the likelihood of survival.FindingsThe authors demonstrate the existence of operational stickiness, such as inventory stickiness, property, plant, and equipment (PPE) stickiness, and labor stickiness. Next, the authors find the inverted U-shaped relationship between operational stickiness and the likelihood of survival. Furthermore, the authors document the differential effect of operational stickiness on the likelihood of survival in different industries.Practical implicationsManagers can improve the firm’s likelihood of survival by maintaining a moderate inventory stickiness and PPE stickiness. However, managers should not adopt sticky labor management in manufacturing industries.Originality/valueThis paper may be the first study to demonstrate the existence of operational stickiness, and confirm the inverted U-shaped relationship between operational stickiness and the likelihood of survival.
Confidence in the police among immigrants in South Korea
Authors: Jang Hyunseok , Shin Songyon , Hong Myonggi , Choi Young-Shin 
Published: April 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to test the dual frames of reference theory. For the test, the reference point hypothesis examines whether the difference in the quality of social conditions between the home and host countries determines the variations of immigrants’ trust in the institutions of their host country.

Design/methodology/approach
By using hierarchical linear modeling analysis, the current study examines whether “difference of homicide rate from South Korea” or “difference of level of democracy from South Korea” influences immigrants’ confidence in the police. Using data collected from nine different immigrant groups in South Korea, the current study examined both country-level factors as well as individual-level factors.

Findings
According to the analysis results, the difference of level of democracy from South Korea significantly influenced immigrants’ confidence in the South Korean police. Specifically, when immigrants came from democratically under-developed countries, they showed a relatively high level of confidence in the South Korean police.

Originality/value
Confidence in the police among the first generation of immigrants has recently attracted increasing attention. However, no previous studies have examined immigrants’ confidence in the police within an Asian country. Thus, the current study might contribute to generating better police performances toward first-generation immigrants who tend to be discriminated against and are also vulnerable to various forms of victimization because of their new status in a new society.
Evaluating the combustion and emission phenomenon of algal and cotton seed biodiesel as fuel for compression ignition engine
Authors: Venkatesan Hariram , J. Godwin John , Sivamani Seralathan 
Published: April 2019

Purpose
Vast areas have been studied toward combustion and emission analysis in vegetable oil methyl esters and quite a few in algal oil biodiesel. To analyze the better alternate source for diesel engine, this study aims to investigate the combustion behavior and emission characteristics between cottonseed biodiesel and algal oil biodiesel on comparison with mineral diesel in a compression ignition engine.

Design/methodology/approach
The fuel properties like density, kinematic viscosity, calorific value and Cetane number have met the biodiesel standards for both algal and cottonseed biodiesel. At rated power, engine was operated on all three test fuels, where combustion analysis describing in-cylinder pressure, peak pressure, rate of pressure rise and rate of heat release and emission characteristics including hydrocarbon (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and smoke for both biodiesel comparing mineral diesel.

Findings
Algal and cottonseed biodiesel showed up to 2-3°CA delayed start of combustion comparing mineral diesel curve. The in-cylinder pressure of algal biodiesel was found to be 68 bar, whereas cottonseed biodiesel exhibited 65 bar at full load condition. Similarly, the rate of pressure rise and rate of heat release of algal biodiesel depicted 7.9 and 10.7 per cent rise than cottonseed biodiesel, respectively. As the load increased, ignition delay showed decreasing trend, while combustion duration showed an increasing trend. HC, CO and smoke emissions were seen to be lower than mineral diesel with noticeable increase in NOx emission.

Originality/value
In this present investigation, biodiesel from Stoechospermum Marginatum, a marine marco algae, was used to fuel the compression ignition engine. Its combustion behavior and emission characteristics are compared with cottonseed biodiesel, a vegetable oil-based biodiesel having similar physio-chemical characteristics to understand the suitability of algal biodiesel in compression ignition engine. This study involves the assessment of straight biodiesel from macro algae and cottonseed oil on standard operating conditions.
Frequency‐domain double‐plane‐wave least‐squares reverse time migration
Authors: Zhao Zeyu , Sen Mrinal K. 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACTLeast‐squares reverse time migration is often formulated as an iterative updating process, where estimating the gradient of the misfit function is necessary. Traditional time domain shot‐profile least‐squares reverse time migration is computationally expensive because computing the gradient involves solving the two‐way wave equation several times in every iteration. To reduce the computational cost of least‐squares reverse time migration, we propose a double‐plane‐wave least‐squares reverse time migration method based on a misfit function for frequency‐domain double‐plane‐wave data. In double‐plane‐wave least‐squares reverse time migration, the gradient is computed by multiplying frequency‐domain plane‐wave Green's functions with the corresponding double‐plane‐wave data residual. Because the number of plane‐wave Green's functions used for migration is relatively small, they can be pre‐computed and stored in a computer's discs or memory. We can use the pre‐computed plane‐wave Green's functions to obtain the gradient without solving the two‐way wave equation in each iteration. Therefore, the migration efficiency is significantly improved. In addition, we study the effects of using sparse frequency sampling and sparse plane‐wave sampling on the proposed method. We can achieve images with correct reflector amplitudes and reasonable resolution using relatively sparse frequency sampling and plane‐wave sampling, which are larger than that determined by the Nyquist theorem. The well‐known wrap‐around artefacts and linear artefacts generated due to under‐sampling frequency and plane wave can be suppressed during iterations in cases where the sampling rates are not excessively large. Moreover, implementing the proposed method with sparse frequency sampling and sparse plane‐wave sampling further improves the computational efficiency. We test the proposed double‐plane‐wave least‐squares reverse time migration on synthetic models to show the practicality of the method.
Shifting up a gear with iDNA: From mammal detection events to standardised surveys
Authors: Abrams Jesse F. , Hörig Lisa A. , Brozovic Robert , Axtner Jan , Crampton‐Platt Alex , Mohamed Azlan , Wong Seth T. , Sollmann Rahel , Yu Douglas W. , Wilting Andreas 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Invertebrate‐derived DNA (iDNA), in combination with high throughput sequencing, has been proposed as a cost‐efficient and powerful tool to survey vertebrate species. Previous studies, however, have only provided evidence that vertebrates can be detected using iDNA, but have not taken the next step of placing these detection events within a statistical framework that allows for robust biodiversity assessments.

Here, we compare concurrent iDNA and camera‐trap surveys. Leeches were repeatedly collected in close vicinity to 64 camera‐trap stations in Sabah, Malaysian Borneo. We analyse iDNA‐derived mammalian detection events in a modern occupancy model that accounts for imperfect detection and compare the results with those from occupancy models parameterised with camera‐trap‐derived detection events. We also combine leech‐iDNA and camera‐trap data in a single occupancy model.

We found consistent estimates of occupancy probabilities produced by our camera‐trap and leech datasets. This indicates that the metabarcoding of leech‐iDNA method provides reasonable estimates of occupancy and may be a suitable method for studying and monitoring mammal species in tropical rainforests. However, we also show that a more extensive collection of leeches would be needed to assess mammal biodiversity with a robustness similar to that of camera traps. As certain taxa were only detected in leeches, we see great potential in complementing camera‐trap studies with the iDNA approach, as long as the collection of leeches follows a robust and standardised sampling scheme.

Synthesis and applications. Here, we describe an approach to analyse detection records of mammals derived from leech samples using an occupancy framework that accounts for leech‐specific factors influencing the detection probability. We further combined camera trap and leech data, which lead to increased confidence in occupancy estimates. Our approach is not restricted to the processing of leech samples, but can be used for the analysis of other invertebrate DNA and environmental DNA data. Our study is the first step to shift the application of invertebrate DNA studies from opportunistic ad‐hoc collections to the systematic surveys required for long‐term management of wildlife populations.
Capturing pests and releasing ecosystem engineers: translocation of common but diminished species to re‐establish ecological roles
Authors: Swaisgood R. R. , Montagne J.‐P. , Lenihan C. M. , Wisinski C. L. , Nordstrom L. A. , Shier D. M. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractTranslocation of abundant but declining ecologically important species for re‐establishing more sustainable ecosystem function is a neglected but promising form of conservation intervention. Here, we developed a translocation program in which we capture pests and release ecosystem engineers, by relocating California ground squirrels Otospermophilus beecheyi from areas where they are unwanted to conserved lands where they can perform ecosystem services such as burrowing and vegetation alteration. We accomplished this using an experimental approach in which some factors were measured or experimentally manipulated, while others were held constant. We translocated 707 squirrels and examined survival and movement patterns as a function of several translocation tactics and ecological factors. We released squirrels at 9 different plots with varying ecological contexts and at each plot experimentally manipulated post‐release habitat using mowing, mowing plus the use of augers to establish starter burrows, and controls that remained unmanipulated. The most influential variables affecting short‐term survival, dispersal, and long‐term persistence were factors relating to soils and vegetation structure. Translocated squirrels had higher initial survival on plots where dense exotic grasses were experimentally altered, greater dispersal when released at sites with less friable clay soils, and improved long‐term persistence at sites characterized by more friable soils associated with metavolcanic than alluvial geological layers. Squirrel persistence was also improved when translocations supplemented previous translocation sites than during initial translocations to sites containing no resident squirrels. Our results demonstrate how California ground squirrels can be successfully translocated as part of a larger objective to favorably alter ecological function in novel grassland ecosystems dominated by non‐native vegetation. In broader context, our study highlights the importance of testing release strategies, and examining habitat variables and restoration techniques more closely when selecting release sites to improve translocation outcomes.
Increased early enteral zinc intake improves weight gain in hospitalised preterm infants
Authors: Harris Tracey , Gardner Fumiyuki , Podany Abigail , Kelleher Shannon L. , Doheny Kim K. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAimTo test the hypothesis that enteral zinc intake is associated with improved preterm infant growth during neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) hospitalisation.MethodsThis prospective cohort study enrolled 105 preterm infants at a tertiary referral centre. Enteral zinc intake was calculated at day of life 14, and growth was measured as change in weight, length and head circumference from birth to discharge. Nonparametric tests assessed the contribution of breast milk vs formula and enteral zinc intake on weight, length and head circumference growth. Partial correlations evaluated the impact of baseline health status and caloric intake on growth. Multiple regression analysis was then completed to determine the unique contribution of zinc intake to weight gain and head circumference growth.ResultsTotal enteral zinc intake was positively associated with weight gain (r = 0.4, p < 0.01) and head circumference growth (r = 0.3, p < 0.01) during NICU hospitalisation. Further, multiple regression analysis showed higher zinc intake is linked to weight gain during NICU hospitalisation after accounting for postmenstrual age at birth.ConclusionIncreased early enteral zinc intake is linked to weight gain during NICU hospitalisation, highlighting the importance of enteral zinc intake in early infant nutrition.
Reactive oxygen species and cyclooxygenase products explain the majority of hypoxic cerebral vasodilation in healthy humans
Authors: Harrell John W. , Peltonen Garrett L. , Schrage William G. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAimThe role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in human cerebral blood flow (CBF) during hypoxia is largely unknown. Additionally, it is unknown whether ROS interact with cyclooxygenase‐derived signals during hypoxia to increase CBF. We hypothesized ROS inhibition would reduce hypoxic CBF, and combined inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX) and ROS would decrease hypoxic CBF more than ROS suppression alone.MethodsWe measured middle cerebral artery velocity with transcranial Doppler ultrasound in 12 healthy adults during normoxia and 2 isocapnic hypoxia trials. Intravenous ascorbic acid infusion during the first hypoxia trial suppressed ROS. Oral indomethacin inhibited COX between hypoxia trials. The second bout of hypoxia tested the combined effects of ROS and COX inhibition. Middle cerebral artery velocity was normalized for blood pressure as cerebrovascular conductance index.ResultsHypoxia increased cerebrovascular conductance index in both trials (P < 0.05). Ascorbic acid infusion did not alter cerebrovascular conductance index during hypoxia. Combined ascorbic acid and indomethacin significantly reduced hypoxia‐mediated increases in cerebrovascular conductance index from 17 ± 2 to 4 ± 1 cm s−1 100 mm Hg−1 (P < 0.05).ConclusionROS are not obligatory for hypoxic cerebral vasodilation. Current data indicate ROS and COX together may account for the majority of the increase in CBF through the middle cerebral artery during hypoxia. These data are the first to demonstrate compensatory hypoxic vasodilatory signalling in human cerebral circulation.