bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low‐serum prostate‐specific antigen level predicts poor outcomes in patients with primary neuroendocrine prostate cancer
Authors: Wang Jun , Xu Wenhao , Mierxiati Abudurexiti , Huang Yongqiang , Wei Yu , Lin Guowen , Dai Bo , Freedland Stephen J. , Qin Xiaojian , Zhu Yao , Ye Ding‐Wei 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe rarities of primary neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) and primary adenocarcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation (NE differentiation) mean that their clinical characteristics have not been fully elucidated.Materials and MethodsA total of 449 patients with NEPC, including 352 cases of pure NEPC and 97 cases of NE differentiation, together with 408 629 cases of prostate adenocarcinoma at diagnosis were retrieved from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program (2010‐2015). Clinical parameters and prognoses were compared between patients with different histological types of NEPC using the χ2 test and Kaplan‐Meier analysis, respectively. The prognostic value of prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) in NEPC and adenocarcinoma was evaluated using Cox regression and the Kaplan‐Meier method.ResultsPure NEPC had higher rates of visceral metastases (brain, lung, and liver: 4.58%, 26.72%, and 36.64%, respectively) but a lower rate of bone metastasis (65.65%) compared with NE differentiation and prostate adenocarcinoma. Moreover, patients diagnosed with pure NEPC had a poorer outcome (median survival time: 10 months) compared with patients with NE differentiation (26 months) and prostate adenocarcinoma (median survival time not reached). Using PSA 4.1 to 10 ng/mL as the reference, the adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for PSA lower than or equal to 4.0 ng/mL were 2.24 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.11‐4.55, P = .025) in the NE differentiation group and 1.57 (95% CI: 1.11‐2.23, P = .011) in the pure NEPC group.ConclusionsPatients with NE differentiation had different clinical characteristics and a better prognosis than patients with pure NEPC. In addition, low‐serum PSA levels were associated with a poorer prognosis in patients with either NEPC or NE differentiation.
A four‐gene transcript score to predict metastatic‐lethal progression in men treated for localized prostate cancer: Development and validation studies
Authors: Cheng Anqi , Zhao Shanshan , FitzGerald Liesel M. , Wright Jonathan L. , Kolb Suzanne , Karnes R. Jeffrey , Jenkins Robert B. , Davicioni Elai , Ostrander Elaine A. , Feng Ziding , Fan Jian‐Bing , Dai James Y. , Stanford Janet L. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundMolecular studies have tried to address the unmet need for prognostic biomarkers in prostate cancer (PCa). Some gene expression tests improve upon clinical factors for prediction of outcomes, but additional tools for accurate prediction of tumor aggressiveness are needed.MethodsBased on a previously published panel of 23 gene transcripts that distinguished patients with metastatic progression, we constructed a prediction model using independent training and testing datasets. Using the validated messenger RNAs and Gleason score (GS), we performed model selection in the training set to define a final locked model to classify patients who developed metastatic‐lethal events from those who remained recurrence‐free. In an independent testing dataset, we compared our locked model to established clinical prognostic factors and utilized Kaplan‐Meier curves and receiver operating characteristic analyses to evaluate the model's performance.ResultsThirteen of 23 previously identified gene transcripts that stratified patients with aggressive PCa were validated in the training dataset. These biomarkers plus GS were used to develop a four‐gene (CST2, FBLN1, TNFRSF19, and ZNF704) transcript (4GT) score that was significantly higher in patients who progressed to metastatic‐lethal events compared to those without recurrence in the testing dataset (P = 5.7 × 10−11). The 4GT score provided higher prediction accuracy (area under the ROC curve [AUC] = 0.76; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.69‐0.83; partial area under the ROC curve [pAUC] = 0.008) than GS alone (AUC = 0.63; 95% CI = 0.56‐0.70; pAUC = 0.002), and it improved risk stratification in subgroups defined by a combination of clinicopathological features (ie, Cancer of the Prostate Risk Assessment‐Surgery).ConclusionOur validated 4GT score has prognostic value for metastatic‐lethal progression in men treated for localized PCa and warrants further evaluation for its clinical utility.
No survival benefit found after extended treatment with docetaxel for patients with castration‐resistant prostate cancer
Authors: Tanaka Masatoshi , Kimura Takahiro , Iwamura Yumina , Enei Yuki , Iwamoto Yuya , Imai Yu , Inaba Yuzo , Matsukawa Akihiro , Onuma Hajime , Ito Kagenori , Mori Keiichiro , Sasaki Hiroshi , Miki Jun , Furuta Akira , Miki Kenta , Egawa Shin 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundDocetaxel (DOC) has been widely accepted as a therapeutic option for castration‐resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Evidence‐based clinical guidelines have stipulated its use up to 10 cycles in most health care systems. There has been a paucity of information regarding potential benefits of its use over 10 cycles. The purpose of this study is to re‐examine the rationale for the clinical guidelines concerning cycles of DOC in CRPC.MethodsBetween July 2007 and July 2016, a total of 122 CRPC patients received at least five cycles of DOC at Jikei University and its affiliate hospitals. Doses of DOC (75 mg/m
2) were administered every 3 to 4 weeks. Clinical outcomes between patients receiving extended cycles of DOC (≥11 cycles, extended [ex]‐DOC group) were compared to those receiving fewer (≤10 cycles, short‐DOC group). A subgroup of patients who had discontinued DOC owing to adverse events, but whose disease did not progress, were also considered for comparison (adverse events [AE] group). Overall survival from the induction of DOC was the primary outcome measure. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to analyze variables associated with overall survival.ResultsThe ex‐ and short‐DOC groups included 80 and 42 patients, respectively. Most baseline demographics did not differ between groups. However, in the short‐DOC group more patients had received abiraterone acetate and/or enzalutamide before chemotherapy, age at DOC induction was younger, and lactate dehydrogenase at DOC induction was higher. Overall survival was significantly longer in the ex‐DOC group compared to the short‐DOC group (median, 53 and 27 months, respectively; P = .04). A subgroup of 22 patients in AE group was compared to compensate for potential bias. Overall survival from the induction of DOC was comparable between AE group and ex‐DOC groups (median, 53 vs 53 months, respectively; P = 0.87). Univariate and multivariate analyses did not show any advantage of extended use of DOC on patient survival.ConclusionsThe results of this study failed to show the survival benefit of extended use of DOC over 10 cycles in CRPC patients in the era of innovative drugs such as abiraterone acetate, enzalutamide, and cabazitaxel. Further prospective studies are required to confirm our findings.
Trichomonas vaginalis infection and prostate‐specific antigen concentration: Insights into prostate involvement and prostate disease risk
Authors: Langston Marvin E. , Bhalla Ankita , Alderete John F. , Nevin Remington L. , Pakpahan Ratna , Hansen Johannah , Elliott Debra , De Marzo Angelo M. , Gaydos Charlotte A. , Isaacs William B. , Nelson William G. , Sokoll Lori J. , Zenilman Jonathan M. , Platz Elizabeth A. , Sutcliffe Siobhan 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackground: The protist
Trichomonas vaginalis causes a common, sexually transmitted infection and has been proposed to contribute to the development of chronic prostate conditions, including benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer. However, few studies have investigated the extent to which it involves the prostate in the current antimicrobial era. We addressed this question by investigating the relation between
T. vaginalis antibody serostatus and serum prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) concentration, a marker of prostate infection, inflammation, and/or cell damage, in young, male, US military members.Methods: We measured
T. vaginalis serum IgG antibodies and serum total PSA concentration in a random sample of 732 young, male US active duty military members. Associations between
T. vaginalis serostatus and PSA were investigated by linear regression.Results: Of the 732 participants, 341 (46.6%) had a low
T. vaginalis seropositive score and 198 (27.0%) had a high score, with the remainder seronegative. No significant differences were observed in the distribution of PSA by
T. vaginalis serostatus. However, slightly greater, nonsignificant differences were observed when men with high
T. vaginalis seropositive scores were compared with seronegative men, and when higher PSA concentrations were examined (≥0.70 ng/mL). Specifically, 42.5% of men with high seropositive scores had a PSA concentration greater than or equal to 0.70 ng/mL compared with 33.2% of seronegative men (adjusted
P = .125).Conclusions: Overall, our findings do not provide strong support for prostate involvement during
T. vaginalis infection, although our suggestive positive findings for higher PSA concentrations do not rule out this possibility entirely. These suggestive findings may be relevant for prostate condition development because higher early‐ to mid‐life PSA concentrations have been found to predict greater prostate cancer risk later in life.
Characterization of glycine‐N‐acyltransferase like 1 (GLYATL1) in prostate cancer
Authors: Eich Marie‐Lisa , Chandrashekar Darshan Shimoga , Rodriguez Pen᷉a Maria Del Carmen , Robinson Alyncia D. , Siddiqui Javed , Daignault‐Newton Stephanie , Chakravarthi Balabhadrapatruni V. S. K. , Kunju Lakshmi Priya , Netto George J. , Varambally Sooryanarayana 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundRecent microarray and sequencing studies of prostate cancer showed multiple molecular alterations during cancer progression. It is critical to evaluate these molecular changes to identify new biomarkers and targets. We performed analysis of glycine‐N‐acyltransferase like 1 (GLYATL1) expression in various stages of prostate cancer in this study and evaluated the regulation of GLYATL1 by androgen.MethodWe performed in silico analysis of cancer gene expression profiling and transcriptome sequencing to evaluate GLYATL1 expression in prostate cancer. Furthermore, we performed immunohistochemistry using specific GLYATL1 antibody using high‐density prostate cancer tissue microarray containing primary and metastatic prostate cancer. We also tested the regulation of GLYATL1 expression by androgen and ETS transcription factor ETV1. In addition, we performed RNA‐sequencing of GLYATL1 modulated prostate cancer cells to evaluate the gene expression and changes in molecular pathways.ResultsOur in silico analysis of cancer gene expression profiling and transcriptome sequencing we revealed an overexpression of GLYATL1 in primary prostate cancer. Confirming these findings by immunohistochemistry, we show that GLYATL1 is overexpressed in primary prostate cancer compared with metastatic prostate cancer and benign prostatic tissue. Low‐grade cancers had higher GLYATL1 expression compared to high‐grade prostate tumors. Our studies showed that GLYATL1 is upregulated upon androgen treatment in LNCaP prostate cancer cells which harbors ETV1 gene rearrangement. Furthermore, ETV1 knockdown in LNCaP cells showed downregulation of GLYATL1 suggesting potential regulation of GLYATL1 by ETS transcription factor ETV1. Transcriptome sequencing using the GLYATL1 knockdown prostate cancer cell lines LNCaP showed regulation of multiple metabolic pathways.ConclusionsIn summary, our study characterizes the expression of GLYATL1 in prostate cancer and explores the regulation of its regulation in prostate cancer showing role for androgen and ETS transcription factor ETV1. Future studies are needed to decipher the biological significance of these findings.
Grade groups at diagnosis in African Caribbean men with prostate cancer: Results of a comparative study
Authors: Meunier Matthias E. , Tantot Juliet , Neuzillet Yann , Ghoneim Tarek P. , Martin François , Taouil Touafik , Vignac Maxime , Baumert Hervé , Vinh‐Hung Vincent , Dussaule‐Duchatelle Véronique , Lebret Thierry , Sutter Willy , Molinié Vincent 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundThere are no comparative data on pathological predictors at diagnosis, between African Caribbean and Caucasian men with prostate cancer (PCa), in equal‐access centers. The objective of this study was to evaluate the grade groups of an African Caribbean cohort, newly diagnosed with PCa on prostate biopsy, compared with a Caucasian French Metropolitan cohort.MethodsA retrospective, a comparative study was conducted between 2008 and 2016 between the University Hospital of Martinique in the French Caribbean West Indies, and the Saint Joseph Hospital in Paris. Clinical, biological, and pathological data were collected at diagnosis. The primary outcome was the grade groups for Gleason score; the secondary outcome was the PCa detection rate. Multivariate analysis was performed using linear regression.ResultsOf the 1880 consecutive prostate biopsy performed in the African Caribbean cohort, 945 had a diagnosis of PCa (50.3%) and 500 of 945 in the French cohort (33.8%). African Caribbean patients were older (mean 68.5 vs 67.5 years; P = .028), had worse clinical stage (13.2% vs 5.2% cT3‐4; P < .001) and higher median prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) level (9.23 vs 8.32 ng/mL; P = .019). On univariate analysis, African Caribbean patients had worse pathological grade groups than French patients (P < .001). Nevertheless, after adjustment on age, stage, and PSA, there were no significant differences between the two cohorts (P = .903).ConclusionAfrican Caribbean patients presented higher PCa detection rate, and higher grade groups at diagnosis than French patients in equal‐access centers on univariate analysis but not on multivariate analysis. African Caribbean patients with equivalent clinical and biological characteristics than Caucasian patients at diagnosis might expect the same prognosis for PCa.
Prompting Rural Students’ Use of Background Knowledge and Experience to Support Comprehension of Unfamiliar Content
Authors: Hattan Courtney 
Published: August 2019

AbstractStudents’ ability to comprehend what they read is greatly influenced by what they already know and have experienced. For this reason, teachers work to activate students’ background knowledge prior to reading. Regrettably, the pedagogical techniques available to teachers for activating students’ knowledge are quite limited. Further, those available techniques have not always been effective for students whose background knowledge and experiences are ill matched to the textual content. Thus, the purpose of this quasi‐experimental study was to investigate the effectiveness of a traditional (mobilization) and a novel (relational reasoning) activation technique, in comparison with a control group. In this study, 149 rural middle school students were assigned to one of the two experimental conditions or a control condition. The author analyzed the data using structural equation modeling with comprehension as the outcome variable. The results indicated that relational reasoning was a significantly more effective activation technique than the mobilization and control conditions for enhancing comprehension. Qualitative analyses of semistructured interviews conducted with select low‐ and high‐ performing students revealed the utility of relational reasoning, especially for low‐performing students.
A Meta‐Ethnography of Family Literacy Scholarship: Ways With Metaphors and Silence
Authors: Compton‐Lilly Catherine F. , Rogers Rebecca L. , Lewis Ellison Tisha 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn this meta‐ethnography, the authors analyze the metaphors that inhabit highly cited examples of family literacy scholarship. Meta‐ethnography is a methodology, as described by Noblit and Hare, in which metaphors are analyzed as linguistic tools; in this article, they are used to compare and synthesize understandings across existing ethnographic family literacy studies. Specifically, the authors identified and translated key metaphors in highly cited family literacy research studies to trace the development, refinement, and expansion of epistemological stances that have informed and continue to frame family literacy scholarship. This meta‐ethnography makes visible changes in understandings and emerging lines of argument related to family literacy practices that generally are not visible. Specifically, this analysis led to the identification of a problematic silence related to racism and systemic oppression, which the authors take up as a significant meta‐ethnographic finding.
Report of the Nomenclature Committee for Algae: 20
Authors: Andersen Robert A. 
Published: August 2019

SummaryThe nonhyphenated name Pseudonitzschia is not recommended for conservation against the name Pseudo‐nitzschia. The generic name Haplocladium (Müll. Hal.) Müll. Hal. (Bryophyta) is not recommended for conservation against “Haplocladium Nägeli” (Rhodophyceae), because the latter is considered to have been validly published only as Pterothamnion subg. Haplocladium. The proposal to conserve the name Cribrosphaerella against Cribrosphaera became unnecessary due to changes made in the Shenzhen Code.
Evaluating Agency in Literacy Using the Student Agency Profile
Authors: Vaughn Margaret , Premo Joshua , Sotirovska Vera V. , Erickson Danielle 
Published: August 2019

AbstractStudent agency is an important dimension of classroom literacy learning. Recent calls have emphasized the need to support student agency in literacy. Despite this interest, the field lacks a viable instrument that can be used to measure student agency with elementary students. The authors share the Student Agency Profile, a survey instrument that can measure student agency in literacy contexts. The authors provide insight into the validation process, which included 1,794 elementary students, and direction on how to administer, score, and interpret results. A central aim is to show how the survey can be used in practice while supporting teachers in their efforts to cultivate student agency in today's diverse classrooms.
Using Theatre to Develop Writing Skills: The Story Pirates Idea Storm
Authors: Mayes Amanda S. , Coppola Elizabeth C. , Fa Bingxin 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe authors explored the impact of a novel, interactive performing arts–based program on students’ writing skills. The program featured the Story Pirates, a group that teaches children how to write stories and then turns their stories into a musical sketch comedy show. Written stories from the third‐grade students in an elementary school were collected before and after the Story Pirates program and then compared to determine the impact of the program on students’ writing skills. The percentage of students incorporating key elements of writing—settings, main characters, additional characters, and motives—increased substantially after their participation in the Story Pirates program. These findings suggest that theatre‐based interventions may strengthen elementary students’ writing skills.
Quantum epidemiology: operator growth, thermal effects, and SYK
Authors: Qi Xiao-Liang , Streicher Alexandre 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn many-body chaotic systems, the size of an operator generically grows in Heisenberg evolution, which can be measured by certain out-of-time-ordered four-point functions. However, these only provide a coarse probe of the full underlying operator growth structure. In this article we develop a methodology to derive the full growth structure of fermionic systems, that also naturally introduces the effect of finite temperature. We then apply our methodology to the SYK model, which features all-to-allq-body interactions. We derive the full operator growth structure in the largeqlimit at all temperatures. We see that its temperature dependence has a remarkably simple form consistent with the slowing down of scrambling as temperature is decreased. Furthermore, our finite-temperature scrambling results can be modeled by a modified epidemic model, where the thermal state serves as a vaccinated population, thereby slowing the overall rate of infection.
Experimental evaluation of partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide and silica nanoparticles solutions for enhanced oil recovery
Authors: Yadav Upendra Singh , Kumar Harinandan , Roy Vishnu , Juyal Saurabh , Tripathi Anurag , Shanker Anveshika 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe establishment of oil production well is becoming a challenge with the increasing demand for energy. The fulfillment of energy need requires large production of oil and gas as it is a primary source of energy. EOR is also important because of the enhancement in oil production from thirty percent to more than fifty percent. The chemical EOR is one of the techniques for the increment in oil production. Chemical flooding using water-soluble polymers like partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (PHPA) has been industrially used as an EOR technique. The paper deals with the effect of nano-silica particles on viscosity as well as the shear rate of the polymer solution. The change in viscosity, as well as shear rate, was studied at variable concentrations of the nano particles in the different concentrations of PHPA solution. Mutual correlation between viscosity and other parameters like temperature, shear rate, salinity, nanoparticle concentration, and polymer concentration was established using the statistical method.
The potential of coffee stems gasification to provide bioenergy for coffee farms: a case study in the Colombian coffee sector
Authors: Garcia-Freites Samira , Welfle Andrew , Lea-Langton Amanda , Gilbert Paul , Thornley Patricia 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe coffee industry constitutes an important part of the global economy. Developing countries produce over 90% of world coffee production, generating incomes for around 25 million smallholder farmers. The scale of this industry poses a challenge with the generation of residues along with the coffee cultivation and processing chain. Coffee stems, obtained after pruning of coffee trees, are one of those abundant and untapped resources in the coffee supply chain. Their high lignocellulosic content, the low calorific value ranging between 17.5 and 18 MJ kg−1 and the low ash content make them a suitable solid fuel for thermochemical conversion, such as gasification. This research evaluates the feasibility of using these residues in small-scale downdraft gasifiers coupled to internal combustion engines for power and low-grade heat generation, using process modelling and the Colombian coffee sector as a case study. The producer gas properties (5.6 MJ Nm−3) and the gasifier’s performance characteristics suggest that this gas could be utilized for power generation. A cogeneration system efficiency of 45.6% could be attainable when the system’s low-grade heat is recovered for external applications, like in the coffee drying stage. An analysis of the energy demand and coffee stems availability within the Colombian coffee sector shows that the biomass production level in medium- to large-scale coffee farms is well matched to their energy demands, offering particularly attractive opportunities to deploy this bioenergy system. This work assesses the feasibility of providing coffee stem–sourced low-carbon energy for global coffee production at relevant operating scales in rural areas.