bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Information horizons mapping to assess the health literacy of refugee and immigrant women
Authors: Zimmerman Margaret S. 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACTIntroduction‐ Refugees and immigrants are at a heightened risk of many negative health outcomes. While strong health literacy ability may be a determinant of favorable health outcomes, assessing the health literacy of refugee and immigrant women is a challenge. Due to typically lower literacy and English ability, one possible method to measure the health literacy of this population is to ask them to graphically represent their health‐related information horizons. Seventy‐four women were asked to take a survey and answer open‐ended questions about their HISB and demographic information, and then asked to create an information horizons map in the context of health information seeking. Each map was compared to the survey questions and specific questions that were asked to gauge the health literacy of the participants. The network of information resources for immigrant and refugee women was graphically displayed. Women who drew maps that were more complex had survey responses that correlated with higher health literacy. Refugee women were less aware of health information sources than other immigrant women. While more research is needed, this research provides evidence that information horizons mapping within a health information‐seeking context may be predictive of health literacy.
Neoantigens in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Lung Cancer: A Point of View
Authors: Zeneyedpour Lona , Dekker Lennard J. M. , van Sten‐van`t Hoff Jenny J. M. , Burgers Peter C. , ten Hacken Nick H. T. , Luider Theo M. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe goal of this manuscript is to explore the role of clinical proteomics for detecting mutations in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer by mass spectrometry‐based technology. COPD and lung cancer caused by smoke inhalation are most likely linked by challenging the immune system via partly shared pathways. Genome‐wide association studies have identified several single nucleotide polymorphisms which predispose an increased susceptibility to COPD and lung cancer. In lung cancer, this leads to coding mutations in the affected tissues, development of neoantigens, and different functionality and abundance of proteins in specific pathways. If a similar reasoning can also be applied in COPD will be discussed. The technology of mass spectrometry has developed into an advanced technology for proteome research detecting mutated peptides or proteins and finding relevant molecular mechanisms that will enable predicting the response to immunotherapy in COPD and lung cancer patients.
Impact of the General Data Protection Regulation on Clinical Proteomics Research
Authors: Critselis Elena 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe recently implemented General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) has promising attributes for ensuring the protection of personal data collected and processed for clinical proteomic investigations. However, there exist ever increasing alarming concerns regarding its implications upon the future of clinical proteomics research both within and beyond the European Union. The main issues of concern regard GDPR legislative requirements for informed consent for study subjects’ data collection and processing, data anonymization, and data storage and/or sharing, particularly in research areas which readily utilize databanks and biobanks, such as clinical proteomics investigations. The potential impacts of the aforementioned issues upon on‐going and future clinical proteomics investigations are detailed, whilst recommendations for potentially resolving these emerging issues are proposed. Consensus between government, legislative, and research stakeholders, as well as impact assessments of final measures to be applied for medical research, is necessary so as to ensure the favorable perpetuation of clinical proteomics investigations and subsequent impact upon optimal patient health.
Previous diet affects the amount but not the type of bait consumed by an invasive ant
Authors: Lach Lori , Volp Trevor M , Wilder Shawn M 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDRecent research on multiple invasive ant species has revealed the importance of carbohydrates for achieving high activity levels and outcompeting native ants. However, comparatively little is known about the role of diet and macronutrient preferences for uptake of insecticidal baits used to control invasive ants. We tested whether diet affected yellow crazy ant (Anoplolepis gracilipes Fr Smith) survival and behavior, and whether bait preference would be complementary to past diet.RESULTSWe found that colonies fed only crickets for 28 days had fewer live workers and queens, and less brood per live queen than colonies fed crickets + honeydew but did not differ significantly from colonies fed only honeydew. Colonies that had been fed only crickets were more active (as assessed by interaction with a novel object), retrieved 16–17 times more bait per worker overall, and consumed more of the six bait types than cricket + honeydew and honeydew‐only fed colonies. However, prior diet did not affect bait choice. The two highest sugar bait formulations combined accounted for most of the bait consumed across all treatments (cricket‐only 74.8% ± 28.1; cricket + honeydew 69.2% ± 12.4; honeydew‐only 62.5% ± 30.4).CONCLUSIONYellow crazy ant colonies fare better without protein than without carbohydrates. Yellow crazy ants ate the most bait when fed only crickets but did not choose baits complementary to their previous diet. Baits in a sugar‐rich carrier may be most effective for the control of yellow crazy ants, regardless of the relative availability of macronutrients. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Density threshold‐based acaricide application for the two‐spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae on cassava: from laboratory to the field
Authors: Chen Qing , Liang Xiao , Wu Chunling , Gao Jintao , Chen Qian , Zhang Zhe 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACTBACKGROUDThe red spider mite Tetranychus urticae is known as a worldwide pest in cassava production which can caused serious economic losses. Because no threshold levels are established for T. urticae in cassava cropping, many growers in China are applying excessive chemical applications per cassava cropping period. This is not only expensive, but also results in lower yields because of severe leaf damage and development of resistance. This study aims to develop an immediate threshold level for T. urticae control which could be determined in the laboratory and fit the field application requirements.RESULTSThe mite density of 25 mites/leaf was the threshold which caused significant decrease of photosynthetic pigment contents and protective enzyme activities in cassava leaves in the laboratory. Moreover, 25 mites/leaf was also the threshold density which resulted in significantly lower leaf damage and higher yield levels compared with a higher level of mites/leaf where calendar sprays were used.CONCLUSIONThe mite density threshold that brought about significant physiological and biochemical changes in the laboratory basically coincided with the threshold that resulted in significant yield loss in the field. It is therefore concluded that the optimum threshold acaricide spray for T. urticae on cassava is 25 mites/leaf. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
DEEP sleep: The impact of sleep on financial risk taking
Authors: Nofsinger John R. , Shank Corey A. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIn this paper, we examine the relationship between sleep and financial risk taking. The results indicate that individuals who have better sleep display less distortion of probability, are less susceptible to the present bias, and have a lower discounting rate. Specifically, individuals with better self‐reported sleep quality have less distortion of probability, a more curved utility function, and are less loss averse, while those with fewer sleep disturbances display less probability distortion and have more curvature in their utility function. Overall, the results show that there are cognitive deficits in financial decision making by having poor sleep habits that can have important consequences.
Effects of Electronic Delocalization and Hydrostatic Compression on Structure and Properties of Cage Compound 4‐Trinitroethyl‐2,6,8,10,12‐pentanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane
Authors: Zhang Jian‐ying , Chen Gang‐ling , Dong Jie , Gong Xue‐dong 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe structural and electronic properties of cage compound 4‐trinitroethyl‐2, 6, 8, 10, 12‐pentanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (TNE‐CL‐20) were studied by density functional theory to explore the influence of substituents on electron delocalization and hydrostatic compression effects. Results indicate N–NO2 bonds experience more marked weakening effect than that of C–C bonds and the cleavage of C–NO2 bond may trigger the initiation decomposition in gas TNE‐CL‐20. In the case of TNE‐CL‐20 crystal, the increasing pressure leads to the drop in hardness of a‐ and b‐directions are obviously than in c‐direction. The detailed analysis of band structure and density of states reveal that the interactions between electrons are strengthened under high pressure.
Development and interaction between plant architecture and yield-related traits in winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC.)
Authors: Tanzi Alberto Stefano , Ho Wai Kuan , Massawe Festo , Mayes Sean 
Published: February 2019

AbstractWinged bean (P. tetragonolobus (L.) DC.) is a leguminous crop that could contribute towards food security in tropical areas, but whose growth and development is still poorly understood. In order to develop improved individuals for increased green pod and seed productivity, we investigated the factors involved in winged bean plant architecture, development, and their link to a number of yield-related traits. An F2 population was generated from the cross between M3 and FP15 Malaysian accessions and assessed under field conditions in Malaysia. The results showed stem length to be mainly influenced by internode length (rs = .80; p < .01), while multiple genes could be controlling the number of branches, with an average number of branches in the offspring above the highest parent value. The average length of branches appeared to influence the most the final number of pods per plant (rs = .44; p < .001), while flowering showed potentially transgressive segregation towards earliness, without preventing the potential development of high pod-yielding individuals (rs = − 208; p   = .056). Taken together, the results reported here shed light on the interaction between morphological, developmental, and yield-related traits, defining potential targets for developing crop ideotypes to direct breeding programmes for this underutilised crop.
THE DP-RANK OF ABELIAN GROUPS
Authors: HALEVI YATIR , PALACÍN DANIEL 
Published: February 2019

AbstractAn equation to compute the dp-rank of any abelian group is given. It is also shown that its dp-rank, or more generally that of any one-based group, agrees with its Vapnik–Chervonenkis density. Furthermore, strong abelian groups are characterised to be precisely those abelian groups A such that there are only finitely many primes p such that the group A / pA is infinite and for every prime p, there are only finitely many natural numbers n such that $\left( {p^n A} \right)[p]/\left( {p^{n + 1} A} \right)[p]$ is infinite.Finally, it is shown that an infinite stable field of finite dp-rank is algebraically closed.
Revolutionary Homophobia: Explaining State Repression against Sexual Minorities
Authors: Tschantret Joshua 
Published: February 2019

AbstractWhy do unthreatening social groups become targets of state repression? Repression of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) people is especially puzzling since sexual minorities, unlike many ethnic minorities, pose no credible violent challenge to the state. This article contends that revolutionary governments are disproportionately oppressive toward sexual minorities for strategic and ideological reasons. Since revolutions create domestic instability, revolutionaries face unique strategic incentives to target ‘unreliable’ groups and to demonstrate an ability to selectively punish potential dissidents by identifying and punishing ‘invisible’ groups. Moreover, revolutionary governments are frequently helmed by elites with exclusionary ideologies – such as communism, fascism and Islamism – which represent collectivities rather than individuals. Elites adhering to these views are thus likely to perceive sexual minorities as liberal, individualistic threats to their collectivist projects. Statistical analysis using original data on homophobic repression demonstrates that revolutionary governments are more likely to target LGBT individuals, and that this effect is driven by exclusionary ideologues. Case study evidence from Cuba further indicates that the posited strategic and ideological mechanisms mediate the relationship between revolutionary government and homophobic repression.
Self-directed speech and self-regulation in childhood neurodevelopmental disorders: Current findings and future directions
Authors: Mulvihill Aisling , Carroll Annemaree , Dux Paul E. , Matthews Natasha 
Published: February 2019

AbstractSelf-directed speech is considered an important developmental achievement as a self-regulatory mediator of thinking and behavior. Atypical self-directed speech is often implicated in the self-regulatory challenges characteristic of children with neurodevelopmental disorders. A growing body of evidence provides snapshots across age-levels and diagnoses, often presenting conflicting results. This systematic review is undertaken to impose clarity on the nature, extent, and self-regulatory implications of self-directed speech interruption in children with developmental language disorder (DLD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).A rigorous search process of relevant databases (i.e., PsychInfo, PubMed, CINAHL, ERIC) uncovered 19 relevant peer-reviewed articles that investigate self-directed speech in children with neurodevelopmental disorders. Consistent across the research, children with DLD, ASD, and ADHD present with differential development and use of self-directed speech.In its synthesis of findings, this systematic review clearly explicates the differential ontogenesis of self-directed speech in neurodevelopmental disorders and interprets the self-regulatory implications for children with DLD, ASD, and ADHD. Furthermore, the review spotlights important future research directions to better understand the mechanistic relationship between self-directed speech and self-regulation.
How do diet and exercise programmes affect the cardiovascular risk profiles of obese children?
Authors: Karaağaç Aysu Türkmen , Yıldırım Ayşe İnci 
Published: February 2019

AbstractObesity is a global health issue in both children and adults. Besides its comorbidities, cardiac structure and functions may be impaired from childhood if obesity is not controlled in the growing years. The effects of diet and exercise on the cardiovascular functions and biochemical parameters of obese children were evaluated in this study.In a tertiary hospital, 6–16-year-old of mean age 10.8±2.3 years, non-random voluntarily selected 34 obese children with body mass index above 95th percentile and no syndromic or systemic illnesses were enrolled in this prospective study. Weights, heights, and blood pressures were recorded. Cardiac functions were evaluated by M-mode and tissue Doppler echocardiography. Glucose, HbA1c, cholesterol, triglyceride, liver enzyme, and thyroid hormone levels were analysed. These measurements were repeated after a 6-month diet and exercise programme. The results were compared statistically.Echocardiography of the obese children after diet and exercise showed significantly increased ejection fraction, fractional shortening, mitral annular plane systolic excursion and mitral systolic velocity values, associated with the systolic ventricular functions, and decreased tissue Doppler mitral and tricuspid early diastolic velocities, related with the early diastolic ventricular functions, compared with before diet and exercise (p<0.05). Moreover, the body mass index, glucose, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels significantly decreased after diet and exercise (p<0.05).The systolic and early diastolic cardiac functions are impaired and the biochemical parameters are distorted starting from the childhood because of the obesity. Regular diet and exercise provide significant improvement. Cardiac evaluation should be routinely performed in all obese children and they should be encouraged for a regular diet and exercise for better cardiovascular health.
Kant’s (Non-Question-Begging) Refutation of Cartesian Scepticism
Authors: Marshall Colin 
Published: February 2019

AbstractInterpreters of Kant’s Refutation of Idealism face a dilemma: it seems to either beg the question against the Cartesian sceptic or else offer a disappointingly Berkeleyan conclusion. In this article I offer an interpretation of the Refutation on which it does not beg the question against the Cartesian sceptic. After defending a principle about question-begging, I identify four premises concerning our representations that there are textual reasons to think Kant might be implicitly assuming. Using those assumptions, I offer a reconstruction of Kant’s Refutation that avoids the interpretative dilemma, though difficult questions about the argument remain.
Kant’s Neglected Alternative and the Unavoidable Need for the Transcendental Deduction
Authors: Shaddock Justin B. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe problem of Kant’s Neglected Alternative is that while his Aesthetic provides an argument that space and time are empirically real – in applying to all appearances – its argument seems to fall short of the conclusion that space and time are transcendentally ideal, in not applying to any things in themselves. By considering an overlooked passage in which Kant explains why his Transcendental Deduction is ‘unavoidably necessary’, I argue that it is not solely in his Aesthetic but more so in his Deduction where he intends to provide his argument for the transcendental ideality of space and time. His Deduction shows that space and time do not have a valid application to any things in themselves by arguing that the categories do have a valid application to everything in space and time, but that the categories do not have a valid application to any things in themselves.
SMALL INFINITARY EPISTEMIC LOGICS
Authors: HU TAI-WEI , KANEKO MAMORU , SUZUKI NOBU-YUKI 
Published: February 2019

AbstractWe develop a series of small infinitary epistemic logics to study deductive inference involving intra-/interpersonal beliefs/knowledge such as common knowledge, common beliefs, and infinite regress of beliefs. Specifically, propositional epistemic logics GL (Lα) are presented for ordinalαup to a givenαo(αo≥ω) so that GL(L0) is finitary KDnwithnagents and GL(Lα) (α≥ 1) allows conjunctions of certain countably infinite formulae. GL(Lα) is small in that the language is countable and can be constructive. The set of formulaeLαis increasing up toα=ωbut stops atωWe present Kripke-completeness for GL(Lα) for eachα ≤ ω,which is proved using the Rasiowa–Sikorski lemma and Tanaka–Ono lemma. GL(Lα) has a sufficient expressive power to discuss intra-/interpersonal beliefs with infinite lengths. As applications, we discuss the explicit definability of Axioms T (truthfulness), 4 (positive introspection), 5 (negative introspection), and of common knowledge in GL(Lα) Also, we discuss the rationalizability concept in game theory in our framework. We evaluate where these discussions are done in the series GL(Lα),α ≤ ω.
Das Big Five Inventar 2
Authors: Danner Daniel , Rammstedt Beatrice , Bluemke Matthias , Lechner Clemens , Berres Sabrina , Knopf Thomas , Soto Christopher J. , John Oliver P. 
Published: February 2019

Zusammenfassung. Die deutsche Version des Big Five Inventars 2 (BFI-2) erfasst die 5 Persönlichkeitsdomänen Extraversion, Verträglichkeit, Gewissenhaftigkeit, Negative Emotionalität (Neurotizismus) und Offenheit sowie insgesamt 15 Persönlichkeitsfacetten mit 60 Items. Das Inventar wurde im Rahmen eines mehrstufigen Übersetzungsprozesses vom Englischen ins Deutsche übertragen. Anhand einer nach Alter, Geschlecht und Bildungsabschluss quotieren Bevölkerungsstichprobe ( N = 1 224) wurden Reliabilität, Validität und Messinvarianz über Geschlechter und Altersgruppen untersucht. Die Ergebnisse der Studien deuten auf gute Reliabilitäten der Domänenwerte und ausreichende Reliabilitäten der Facettenwerte hin. Einzelitems und die Facettenwerte zeigen erwartungskonforme Ladungsmuster. Die Domänen- und Facettenwerte korrelieren erwartungsgemäß mit anderen Persönlichkeitsinventaren und sind mit Kriterien wie Bildungsabschluss, Einkommen, Gesundheit und Lebenszufriedenheit assoziiert. Strukturgleichungsmodelle belegen die residuale Invarianz über Geschlechter. Die durchschnittliche Bearbeitungszeit beträgt 8 Minuten. Normwerte für die deutsche Allgemeinbevölkerung werden berichtet.
Entwicklung und Validierung eines Fragebogens zur Erfassung von Freude am Schulsport im Jugendalter (FEFS-J)
Authors: Engels Eliane Stephanie , Freund Philipp Alexander 
Published: February 2019

Zusammenfassung. Die vorliegende Studie dient der Entwicklung und Validierung eines Messinstruments zur differenzierten Erfassung von Freude am Schulsport im Jugendalter. Basierend auf theoretischen Ansätzen wird das Konstrukt Sport-Enjoyment ( Scanlan & Simons, 1992 ) im Rahmen eines 3-Faktorenmodells (Vergnügen; Flow-Erleben; Erholung) weiterentwickelt. Die psychometrische Überprüfung erfolgt anhand einer Gesamtstichprobe von N = 1 253 Schülerinnen und Schülern der Klassenstufen 7 – 10. Die postulierte 3-Faktorenstruktur kann empirisch mit Einschränkungen bestätigt werden und erweist sich als messinvariant über die Variablen Geschlecht und Alter. Die Reliabilitätskennwerte bewegen sich im akzeptablen bis guten Bereich. Zusammenhänge mit intrinsischer Motivation, allgemeiner Sportlichkeit und Ablenkung / Katharsis sowie mit der Sportnote und dem Ausmaß sportlicher Aktivität in der Freizeit fallen ebenso theoriekonform aus wie die geschlechts- und altersspezifischen Mittelwertunterschiede. Mit dem FEFS-J liegt ein valides, ökonomisches und theoretisch fundiertes Instrument vor.
Kriteriumsbezogene Cut-Off-Werte für Tätigkeitsspielraum und Arbeitsintensität
Authors: Mustapha Vincent , Rau Renate 
Published: February 2019

Zusammenfassung. Cut-Off-Werte ermöglichen eine ökonomische, binäre Beurteilung von Summenscores. Für Beanspruchungsfragebögen, die personenbezogene Merkmale erfragen, sind Cut-Off-Werte häufig vorhanden und in der klinischen Diagnostik unerlässlich. Für die Bewertung von Arbeitsmerkmalen sind Cut-Off-Werte ebenfalls wünschenswert. Bislang fehlen sie jedoch für die Beurteilung von Arbeitsmerkmalen wie Arbeitsintensität und Tätigkeitsspielraum. Zwischen 2006 und 2016 wurden daher in verschiedenen Branchen 801 objektive Arbeitsplatzanalysen durchgeführt, welche eine Unterteilung in gut und schlecht gestalteten Tätigkeitsspielraum sowie gut und schlecht gestaltete Arbeitsintensität nach DIN EN ISO 6385 (2016) ermöglichen. Anhand dieser Unterteilung wurden mit der Receiver-Operating-Characteristics-Analyse Cut-Off-Werte für den subjektiv-bedingungsbezogen Fragebogen zum Erleben von Arbeitsintensität und Tätigkeitsspielraum (FIT; Richter et al., 2000 ) ermittelt. Für den Tätigkeitsspielraum weisen Summenscores ≤ 22 und für die Arbeitsintensität Summenscores ≥ 15 auf eine schlechte Gestaltung des jeweiligen Arbeitsmerkmals hin. Anhand einer weiteren Stichprobe von 1 076 Arbeitenden konnte gezeigt werden, dass Arbeitende mit schlecht gestaltetem Tätigkeitspielraum vital erschöpfter sowie weniger engagiert sind und Arbeitende mit schlecht gestalteter Arbeitsintensität eine höhere Erholungsunfähigkeit sowie vitale Erschöpfung aufweisen.