bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Offshore Safety: Collection and Recording of Relevant Drilling Data in the Italian Offshore by Means of Virtual Black Boxes
Authors: Macini Paolo , Mesini Ezio , Ferrari Marco , Pisconti Graziano , Antoncecchi Ilaria , Terlizzese Franco 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
The paper illustrates systems and procedures recently adopted in Italy for the collection and recording of relevant drilling data, in the light of the requirements of Directive 2013/30/EU, elaborated and enforced following the 2010 Deepwater Horizon disaster. Thanks to the increased environmental consciousness of institutions, industry and people, worldwide environmental policies more and more require a rigorous protection of the environment.
The Directive 2013/30/EU on the safety of offshore oil and gas operations introduced strict requirements for the protection of both people and the environment, that are the targets which could be involved and seriously damaged by incidents occurring at offshore installations. Today, the Italian law requires Operators to set up an information and communication technology system that guarantees the integrity, availability and non-repudiation of drilling and drilling fluids parameters recorded in real time aboard drilling vessels and offshore platforms, while respecting the principles of confidentiality and responsibility of the data, under all conditions.
Oil companies operating in the Italian offshore implemented hardware and software systems that can be described as "Virtual Black Boxes". These are data management systems coupled to the Mud Logging Units of offshore drilling rigs, which allow the quasi-real time transmission of a subset of drilling parameters to a number of onshore data storage sites and their integral and safe recording on dedicated servers. The redundancy of information is ensured by managing multiple servers owned by the Operator and the mud logging Contractor. Normally, these servers are hosted at the Operators' headquarters and at Contractors' data storage centers. Data visualization is possible thanks to the use of special software, developed by Contractors and made available to Operators. Data acquisition, transmission and storage protocols are shared with the Italian competent Authority. These systems are already operative in the Italian offshore, even though studies are under way to enhance the intrinsic safety of the system and its possible implementation into a multi-criteria approach related to the overall safety performance of upstream operations.
The aim of this novel tool is to grant the competent Authority a reliable access to drilling data for the due analysis in case of accident, also in the light of taking the necessary legal actions. Virtual Black Boxes are designed, implemented and managed in order to ensure data safety and data security, also to prevent manipulation of the records, in compliance with the requirements of Directive 2013/30/EU and its Italian transposition.
Production Data Analysis Using Type Curves in Tight Gas Condensate Reservoirs – Impact of Pressure-Dependent Permeability
Authors: Johnson Caroline , Jamiolahmady Mahmoud 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Pressure-dependent matrix properties are known to be particularly important in tight reservoirs. A significant amount of literature examine the impact of such effects on pressure transient analysis, and often under single-phase conditions; very few consider similar effects on decline type curve analysis of long-term production data, and under multiphase conditions. This paper examines production decline in tight gas and gas condensate reservoirs in the presence of pressure-dependent permeability (p-k) and porosity (p-ϕ), highlighting the impact of such effects on the decline behaviour and on the quality of reservoir and well productivity parameter estimates obtained using decline type curves, under both single-phase and multiphase conditions.
Production data was generated using one-dimensional radial homogeneous reservoir simulation models with permeabilities of 0.1 md and 1 md, and with p-k and p-ϕ effects implemented using drawdown-dependent transmissibility and pore volume multipliers. P-k relations with concave-upward exponential behavior and a less common concave-downward exponential behaviour were considered. The data were first analysed using conventional (i.e. constant property) modern decline type curve analysis techniques, and then using pseudovariables modified to account for p-k effects (and material balance pseudotime integrals modified here for p-ϕ effects for the first time). Single-phase cases were first considered, and then the simultaneous impact of multiphase and stress-dependent matrix effects was examined using gas condensate reservoir models operated at pressures lower than dewpoint pressure, the analysis of which relied on our earlier-proposed equivalent-phase methods.
The study shows that strong p-k effects result in reductions in permeability estimates and underestimations in drainage area obtained using conventional decline type curve analysis - both observations being consistent with existing literature. In addition, the results reveal how high degrees of p-k effects can produce responses in the production decline data plot, during boundary dominated flow, which mimic those associated with pressure support. The results also demonstrate that the use of pseudovariables modified to account for p-k/p-ϕ effects, effectively linearize the flow equations, allowing for accurate parameter estimation using conventional modern decline type curves in stress-sensitive tight gas and gas condensate reservoirs.
Acid Jetting on Carbonate Rocks: A Computational Fluid Dynamics Study at Laboratory Scale
Authors: Ndonhong Vanessa , Zhu Ding , Hill Alfred Daniel 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Acid jetting is a well stimulation method for carbonate reservoirs, with observed positive production enhancement in some extended-reach horizontal wells. It is a process in which a reactive chemical solution is injected at a high rate at specific entry points via relatively smaller nozzles. The flow out of the nozzles is designed to be a fully turbulent jet which impinges on the porous surface of the rock, leading to a dissolution structure. That dissolution structure is of great interest as it determines the quality of the well stimulation job, which correlates directly to the well productivity. This work is the second step in the overall project about a comprehensive study of acid jetting as a successful stimulation method for carbonate formations. The first step was an experimental study performed using a linear core-flood setup including a jetting nozzle. The objective was to understand the mechanism of acid jetting on carbonate cores and identify the important parameters in the experimental outcome. The current study aims at describing acid jetting from a mathematical standpoint, while using experimental results as model validation and improvement tools. Previously published acid jetting laboratory experiments results revealed the recurring creation of a large dissolution structure at the impingement location in the shape of a cavity and, depending on injection conditions, the propagation of wormholes through the core.
A core-scale computational fluid dynamics model has been developed to simulate cavity and wormhole growth in acid jetting. It is a three-dimensional model which alternates between the two fundamental aspects of the overall acid jetting process. Firstly, it models the fluid mechanics of the turbulent jet exiting the nozzle and continuously impinging on the porous media transient surface. The jet fluid dynamics are implemented using a 3D transient finite volume numerical solver using Large Eddy Simulations (LES) with the Smagorinsky-Lilly sub-grid model to solve the Navier-Stokes and continuity equations. The results of this simulation include a velocity and pressure distribution at the porous media surface. Secondly, it models an irreversible chemical reaction with dissolution and transport at the impingement location between the fluid and the rock matrix. The reactive transport is modeled using the conventional kinetics of the dissolution of calcite by hydrochloric acid. This two-step model successfully replicates experimental results and observations for the cavity growth. It can then be coupled with a wormhole growth model to represent the entire experimental acid jetting outcome.
The modeling and computational tool for acid jetting developed in this paper will build the understanding for the upscaling and integrated dynamic modeling of an acid jetting stimulation job in the field. It will thus lead to the establishment of a standard for predicting and improving field applications of acid jetting.
Rainfall variation prediction using SD technology based on temperature model for Weihe River basin
Authors: Gao Xuerui , Lu Shibao , Li Wei , Wu Xiaohe , Gan Xiaojing 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Global warming has exerted a significant influence on the water cycle in global drainage basins, involving various aspects associated with ecology, society, economy and human activity. Therefore, accurate forecast and analysis of climatic change trends are the prerequisite to disaster alleviation and prevention. This paper selects a large-scale climate predictor by modeling steps and evaluation indicators for a statistical downscaling (SD) model and establishes a statistical relation between atmospheric circulation factor and precipitation and air temperature at eight stations in Wei River basin in Shaanxi Province for a global climate model output based on hydrological data for Wei River basin in Shaanxi Province. A study was made of the simulated precipitation and air temperature in Wei River basin by principal component analysis and multiple linear regression and achieved favorable results. The approach is better in physical significance and is characterized by accurate climate simulation, simple calculation for statistical downscaling and is convenient for application in various climate models.
2-Methoxy-6-Acetyl-7-Methyljuglone (MAM) Induces iNOS/NO-mediated DNA Damage Response through Activation of MAPKs Pathways
Authors: Niu Yanan , Yuan Renyikun , Gao Hongwei , Lu Jin-Jian , Kong Qi , Chen Xiuping 
Published: April 2018

Background：There are inconsistent reports about the role of Nitric Oxide (NO) in cancer progression
and prevention. Quinones demonstrate significant anti-cancer activities both in vitro and in vivo.

Objective：
We investigated the effect of 2-methoxy-6-acetyl-7-methyljuglone (MAM), a natural naphthoquinone
isolated from Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. et Zucc, on NO generation and its role in DNA damage in
cancer cells.

Methods:
BEL-7402 and A549 cells were cultured and treated with MAM. The NO generation, DNA damage,
and protein expression were determined.

Results:
MAM induced inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)/NO-mediated DNA damage response through
activation of MAPKs pathways. MAM induced DNA damage by activating ATM/Chk2. MAM increased iNOS
expression, NO production, and MAPKs (JNK1/2, ERK1/2, and p38MAPK) phosphorylation in concentrationand
time- dependent manners. Furthermore, iNOS inhibitor 1400W, iNOS siRNA, and NO scavenger hemoglobin
(Hb) could significantly reverse MAM-induced DNA damage, ATM/Chk2 activation, NO production, and
cell death. In addition, MAPKs inhibitors (SP600125, U0126, and SB203580) reversed MAM-induced cell
death and ATM/Chk2 activation. MAM-induced cell death was partially reversed by 1400W and Hb but enhanced
by L-arginine.

Conclusion:
These results suggested that MAM induced iNOS/NO activation and generation mediated by
MAPKs pathways, which resulted in DNA damage.
Differential Evolution Algorithm Optimized Dual Mode Load Frequency Controller for Isolated Wind-Diesel Power System with SMES & Fuel Cell
Authors: Lal Deepak Kumar , Barisal Ajit K. , Tripathy Manish 
Published: April 2018

Background:
This paper presents dynamic performance analysis of isolated wind-diesel
power system. A dual mode controller is proposed for pitch control of wind turbine generator.

Methods:
The parameters of the controller are optimized by Differential Evolution (DE) algorithm. The
hybrid model was simulated with the proposed load frequency controller (LFC) by considering step load
perturbation. The minimization of time multiplied integral of absolute error is considered as the
objective function. The performance of the proposed controller is compared with the published result of
the optimal controller. Further, the performance of the system is investigated by incorporating Super
Conducting Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES) and Fuel Cell (FC). Also, the dynamic performance is
investigated for changing step load perturbations. Furthermore, the response of the system is analyzed
towards random loading.

Results:
Finally, sensitivity analysis is done by varying the system parameters and operating conditions
from their nominal values.

Conclusion:
The simulation results show that the proposed dual mode DE optimized controller gives
better transient and steady state response.
PENERAPAN STRATEGI TRAINING WITHIN INDUSTRY DALAM PEMBELAJARAN MENGOPERASIKAN SISTEM PENGENDALI ELEKTROMAGNETIK
Authors: Dilla Dhea Fatma , Usmeldi Usmeldi , Krismadinata Krismadinata 
Published: April 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat hasil unjuk kerja siswa dengan strategi Training Within Industry (TWI) menggunakan instrumen penilaian unjuk kerja pada mata pelajaran Mengoperasikan Sistem Pengendali Elektromagnetik (MSPEM) kelas XI TITL 1 SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Padang. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif yang dilaksanakan secara Quasi Experiment. Subjek pada penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI TITL 1 SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Padang yang terdiri dari 32 orang siswa. Pada penelitian ini, metode pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan penilaian kinerja berupa rubrics yang divalidasi oleh penimbang ahli. Data yang diperoleh diolah dalam bentuk deskriptif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa siswa telah mencapai nilai KKM yang telah ditetapkan yaitu 80. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan perolehan rata-rata dari skor penilaian kinerja dengan presentase 85% sudah mencapai ketuntasan dari nilai KKM yang ditentukan dan berdasarkan kategori yang diperoleh melalui skor penilaian kinerja sebanyak 27 dari 32 siswa berada pada kategori sangat tinggi. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan hasil unjuk kerja dalam penerapan Strategi TWI, dan memberikan pegaruh positif pada siswa dengan menjadi aktif dalam pembelajaran, meningkatkan kinerja siswa dalam menyelesaikan praktikum yang dibuat maupun kemandirian dan kedisiplinan di SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Padang.

Kata Kunci: Strategi Training Within Industry, Hasil Unjuk Kerja, MSPEM
KARAKTERISTIK FLUIDA DAN GAS PANAS BUMI SEBAGAI PENGARUH PENINGKATAN AKTIVITAS VULKANIK GUNUNGAPI SLAMET (Characteristic Of Geothermal Fluid And Gas Induced By Increased Volcanic Activity Of Slamet Volcano)
Authors: Surmayadi Mamay 
Published: April 2018

AbstrakSejak awal Maret 2014 status aktifitas Gunungapi Slamet di Jawa Tengah dinaikan dari Normal menjadi Waspada seiring dengan peningkatan jumlah gempa vulkanik. Seismisitas Gunungapi Slamet memperlihatkan gempa letusan 1106 kejadian dan gempa hembusan 6857 per hari. Sementara itu, gempa vulkanik dalam hanya terekam 2 kali selama periode Maret – Agustus 2014. Sumber gempa berada pada kedalaman antara 1 - 2 km di bawah kawah Gunungapi Slamet sebagai indikasi gempa permukaan. Peningkatan aktifitas vulkanik Slamet menghasilkan pelepasan gas CO2 yang berpengaruh terhadap fluida panas bumi yang ditunjukan dengan terjadinya perubahan keasaman air dari normal menjadi alkalin, pembentukan bualan gas CO2 pada air panas Pancuran 3 di Baturraden, dan peningkatan saturasi kalsit. Bualan gas CO2 menjadi indikasi terjadinya proses pendidihan pada temperatur 273 C pada kedalaman 454 m di bawah permukaan laut. Kondisi ini menjadikan temperatur reservoir lebih tinggi sebagai indikasi sistem panas bumi Gunungapi Slamet merupakan sistem panas bumi aktif bertemperatur tinggi. Kata kunci : gempa permukaan, fluida panas bumi, bualan gas, saturasi kalsitAbstractSince the beginning of March 2014 the status of activities Slamet volcano in Central Java has been declared from Normal becomes Alert due to significant increase in the number of volcanic earthquakes. Slamet volcano seismicity shows eruption earthquakes as many as 1106, and gas emission earthquakes as many as 6857 events per day. Meanwhile, the deep volcanic earthquake recorded only 2 times during the period March to August 2014. The hypocentre of these earthquake was at a depth of 1-2 km below Slamet volcano crater as an indication of the surface earthquakes.Increased magmatic activity resulted in the release of CO2 gas effect on the geothermal fluid which is indicated by changes in water acidity from normal to alkaline, formation of CO2 bubble gas on Pancuran 3 hot spring at Baturraden area, and calcite saturation enhancement. The presence of CO2 bubble gas is indication of boiling at temperatures 273 C at a depth of 454 m below sea level. This condition makes the reservoir temperature becomes higher as indication that the geothermal system of Slamet volcano is active geothermal systems with high temperature (high enthalpy).Keywords: surface earthquake, geothermal fluid, bubble gas.
Optimalisasi Kompetensi Moral Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Sit Masganti 
Published: April 2018

The objective of this research is to make early childhoodâ€™s moral competence optimally through the integrated learning based-moral model. The study was conducted at Tri Karya and Nusa Indah Kindergartens in Medan in the year of 2008 with n= 35. This action research was using Kemmis and Taggart model. The model has two cycles and each cycle has four steps. They are as follow (1) plan, (2) action, (3) observe and (4) reflect. To analyze the data, qualitative and quantitative were used. The result of the qualitative analyzes shows that the integrated learning based-moral model involved various activities, media and methods. The results of the quantitative analyze shows that there are significant differences between pre and post assessment of early childhoodâ€™s moral competence. To applying the integrated learning based-moral model was suggested to teacher, manager of early childhood education institution, researcher, government to plan, act, develop, and promote integrated learning based-moral model.ABSTRAKÂ Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengoptimalkan kompetensi moral anak usia dini melalui pembelajaran terpadu berbasis moral. Penelitian dilakukan di Taman Kanak-kanak Tri Karya dan Taman Kanak-kanak Nusa Indah di Medan pada tahun 2008 dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 35 orang anak. Penelitian tindakan ini menggunakan model dari Kemmis dan Taggart. Model ini telah dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus dan setiap siklus memiliki empat langkah yaitu: 1) perencanaan, 2) tindakan, 3) pengamatan, dan 4) refleksi. Analisis data menggunakan analisis kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil analisis kualitatif menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran terpadu berbasis moral melibatkan berbagai aktivitas, media, dan metode. Hasil analisis kuantitatif menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang berarti antara tes awal dan tes akhir kompetensi moral anak usia dini. Untuk menerapkan pembelajaran terpadu berbasis moral disarankan kepada guru, pengelola pendidikan anak usia dini, peneliti, dan pemerintah untukÂ merencanakan, melaksanakan, mengembangkan dan mendukung model pembelajaran terpadu berbasis moral.
Studi Deskriptif mengenai Motivasi Prososial pada Relawan Komunitas Berbagi Nasi di Kota Bandung
Authors: Ashar Putri Mayangsari , Maria Cindy , Victoriana Evany 
Published: April 2018

Komunitas Berbagi Nasi’ is a community that shares activities with the poor people. Volunteers from ‘Komunitas berbagi nasi’ share rice box to the needy. The purpose of this research is to determine the dominant prosocial motivation in volunteer from ‘Komunitas Berbagi Nasi’ in the city of Bandung. The selection of respondents using the purposive sampling methods, with the number of respondents as many as 45 people. The research design used is descriptive. Measuring instrument used by researchers based on theory prosocial motivation from Reykowsky (1982). Measuring instrument use form of questionnaire in the form of scenario, consisting of 15 items of prosocial motivation. Validation and reliability of measuring instrument using expert validity. The results of data processing shows the type of motivation prosocial dominantly owned by volunteers ‘Komunitas Berbagi Nasi’ in Bandung city, 55,6 % volunteers have intrinsic prosocial motivation, 33,3% volunteers have endocentric prosocial motivation, and 11,1% volunteers have ipsocentric prosocial motivation. In addition, there is tendency of relationship between parenting with prosocial motivation on volunteers ‘Komunitas Berbagi Nasi’. Based on the above results, it is suggested to volunteers ‘Komunitas Berbagi Nasi’ who have intrinsic prosocial motivation to keep this type of prosocial motivation that they already have to be used as the basis for implementing rice sharing activities.
ANALISIS DAN DESAIN SISTEM PRODUKSI SABUN TRANSPARAN ANTIMIKROBA BERBASIS STEARIN
Authors: Wahyuni Sri 
Published: April 2018

Sistem produksi sabun transparan antimikroba berbasis stearin adalah suatu sistem yang dapat menjelaskan mengenai proses produksi sabun transparan dengan menggunakan bahan baku utama berupa stearin dengan penambahan ekstrak lengkuas (Alpinia galanga L.). Penulisan ini memiliki tujuan untuk dapat mengidentifikasi komponen (elemen) dan peran (role) yang terdapat pada sistem produksi sabun transparan antimikroba, mendesain dan mengoptimalkan sistem produksi sabun transparan antimikroba berbasis stearin sehingga dapat diperoleh keuntungan yang maksimal. Tahap kegiatan ini mencakup analisis sistem produksi sabun transparan antimikroba, menentukan indikator keberhasilan sistem, klasifikasi sabun transparan antimikroba, dan optimasi sabun transparan antimikroba. Hasil dari pengklasifikasian sabun transparan terdiri atas tiga grade yaitu grade 1 (satu), grade 2 (dua) dan grade 3 (tiga) berdasarkan sifat mutu fisik yaitu, penampakan visual (transparansi), kekerasan dan warna sabun serta sifat kimia dari sabun antimikroba. Keuntungan maksimal sebesar Rp 9.275.000 akan diperoleh oleh perusahaan apabila dapat memproduksi sabun grade 1 sebanyak 1.325 pcs pada kondisi optimal.
Identifikasi Atribut Aroma dan Rasa Rempah Dengan Profiled Test
Authors: Pratama Melati 
Published: April 2018

Herbal dan rempah adalah komoditi yang paling banyak digunakan dalam makanan. Keberagaman herbal dan rempah mempengaruhi aroma dan rasa. Aroma dan rasa pada masing-masing herbal dan rempah dapat ditentukan menggunakan profiled sensory test. Pada penelitian ini, Profiled test dilakukan dengan mendeskripsikan aroma dan rasa dari masing-masing herbal dan rempah. Sampel yang digunakan adalah bawang putih segar, bubuk bawang putih, lada hitam, bubuk lada hitam, cabe, bubuk cabe, daun salam dan bay leaf. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa bawang putih, lada hitam dan cabai segar memiliki aroma dan rasa pedas menyengat, yang disebabkan bawang putih mengandung allicin, lada hitam mengandung piperine dan chavicine, serta cabai mengandung capsaicin yang merupakan senyawa aktif. Allicin pada bawang putih segar memiliki sifat pedas yang sama dengan piperine, chavicine dan capsaicin. Perbedaan dari ketiga senyawa tersebut adalah allicin bersifat tidak stabil dibanding piperine, chavicin dan capsaicin. Stabilitas piperine, chavicine dan capsaicin menjadikan bubuk lada hitam dan bubuk cabai dapat digunakan pada makanan yang telah diolah. Kata kunci : herbal dan rempah, aroma dan rasa, profiled test