bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship between synovial inflammatory cytokines and progression of osteoarthritis after hip arthroscopy: Experimental assessment
Authors: Fukushima Kensuke , Inoue Gen , Uchida Kentaro , Fujimaki Hisako , Miyagi Masayuki , Nagura Naoshige , Uchiyama Katsufumi , Takahira Naonobu , Takaso Masashi 
Published: April 2018

Purpose: Synovial membrane inflammation is the most commonly presenting finding during hip arthroscopy and may have a role in the pathomechanism of hip osteoarthritis (OA). The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between synovial cytokine levels and progression of OA after hip arthroscopy. Methods: We prospectively examined 20 patients (20 hips) who underwent arthroscopic hip surgery. For all patients, radiographs and severity of pain were evaluated preoperatively. During arthroscopy, we harvested a sample of the synovial membrane and determined the levels of six typical inflammatory cytokines with real-time polymerase chain reaction. We compared the levels of these cytokines in patients who showed OA progression and non-progression after hip arthroscopy. Results: Although the average age of patients who showed OA progression postoperatively tended to be higher, there were no significant differences in characteristics involving clinical assessment between patients who showed OA progression and those who showed non-progression. Intraoperative tumour necrosis factor α (TNFα) expression was significantly higher in patients who showed OA progression postoperatively ( p = 0.042). Conclusions: Elevation of TNFα level might be a predictor of OA progression after hip arthroscopy.
Can somatic GATA2 mutation mimic germ line GATA2 mutation?
Authors: Sekhar Mallika , Pocock Rachael , Lowe David , Mitchell Christopher , Marafioti Teresa , Dickinson Rachel , Collin Matthew , Lipman Marc 
Published: April 2018

Key Points
Somatic GATA2 mutation is associated with immunodeficiency and pulmonary alveolar proteinosis in a patient with myeloproliferative neoplasm.
Which Patients With Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma Might Benefit From Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy?
Authors: Mahmoud Omar , Einstein Mark H. 
Published: April 2018

The Oncology Grand Rounds series is designed to place original reports published in the Journal into clinical context. A case presentation is followed by a description of diagnostic and management challenges, a review of the relevant literature, and a summary of the authors’ suggested management approaches. The goal of this series is to help readers better understand how to apply the results of key studies, including those published in Journal of Clinical Oncology, to patients seen in their own clinical practice. A 55-year-old postmenopausal woman, gravida 5 para 5, with past medical history significant for hypertension, presented to the emergency department with profuse vaginal bleeding and a hemoglobin level of 9 g/dL. The biopsy from an irregular 6-cm cervical mass was consistent with moderately differentiated cervical squamous cell carcinoma. The physical examination did not reveal vaginal or parametrial extension of the tumor. Pelvic magnetic resonance imaging disclosed the known carcinoma, as well as a 9.2 × 7.7 × 6.7 cm anterior uterine fibroid (Fig 1). A staging positron emission tomography scan was negative for metastatic disease. After blood transfusion and vaginal packing, the patient was referred to discuss the immediate management of her newly diagnosed bleeding bulky cervical cancer. In the absence of parametrial or vaginal extension and in the absence of lymph node metastasis (both on clinical examination and imaging), she was classified as having International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage IB2 disease.
Assessing naturally acquired immune response and malaria treatment outcomes in Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Oyebola Kolapo M. , Aina Oluwagbemiga O. , Bah Mamadou M. , Ajibaye Sola , Correa Simon , Awandare Gordon A. , Amambua-Ngwa Alfred 
Published: April 2018

Background: There are emerging reports of poor efficacy of artemisinin-based combination treatment (ACT). However, mutations on the Kelch-13 gene marking delayed parasite clearance have no clinically defined relationship with ACT resistance across Africa. With increasing malaria control efforts, declining acquired immunity could be responsible for varying drug response profiles that may be dependent on levels of exposure to infections. To examine antibody responses against malaria and the influence on the efficacy of artemether-lumefantrine (AL), plasma samples were collected, prior to treatment, from individuals presenting with uncomplicated malaria. Methods: Participants were stratified into two groups: early (within 24 hours, N = 20) and late (between 48 – 72 hours, N = 30) parasite clearance after treatment, as determined by var gene acidic terminal sequence (varATS) polymerase chain reaction. Magnetic bead-based luminex assay was used to profile antibody responses specific to a panel of 21 Plasmodium falciparum sporozoite, merozoite and An. gambiae salivary antigens. Results: Median fluorescence intensity (MFI) of the antibodies was highest against glutamate-rich protein (GLURP-R0) and lowest against merozoite surface protein (MSP2) antigen. Analysis showed a positive correlation between expression of immunity and age of individuals (P = 0.023). However, there was no association between parasite density and antibody responses, except a significant positive relationship with reticulocyte binding protein-like homologue 5 (Rh5), P = 0.047; Plasmodium exported protein (Hyp2), P = 0.037 and merozoite surface protein 11 (H103), P = 0.038. Though higher levels of antibodies against erythrocyte binding antigens (EBA 140 and 175), MSP1.19, GLURP, circumsporozoite protein (CSP) and Rh4.2 were observed in individuals who recorded early parasite clearance, there was no significant difference in antibody responses in the early and late parasitological response groups. Conclusions: Characterization of additional markers in larger populations is required to reveal potential immunological correlates of drug efficacy.
Microbiological assessment of sachet water “pure water” from five regions in Ghana
Authors: Mosi Lydia , Adadey Samuel Mawuli , Sowah Sandra Akoley , Yeboah Charles 
Published: April 2018

Background: Sachet water, popularly known as “pure water” has become an invaluable entity in most Ghanaian households. Despite its importance, there is no extensive nationwide investigations on its wholesomeness for consumption. The aim of this study was to determine the microbiological quality of 41 brands of sachet water sampled in 16 districts across 5 regions in Ghana. Methods: The samples were analyzed for the presence of total and fecal coliform (Escherichia coli) using the Colilert*- 18 Test Kit. Results: Majority of the samples (56.09%) were excellent, 4.87% satisfactory and 14.63% suspicious. Ten samples (24.4%) were unsatisfactory. For the degree of fecal contamination, (85.56%) were satisfactory, four (9.76%) were suspicious, and two others (4.88%) were unsatisfactory. The contaminations observed could be attributed to poor sanitary conditions (during and/or after production) and failure of some production facilities to adhere to standard manufacturing practices. Conclusion: Our data suggest that microbiological quality sachet water from some sources have not yet attained levels that make it absolutely pure and wholesome for consumption in many areas.
Single dose ceftriaxone and metronidazole versus multiple doses for antibiotic prophylaxis at elective caesarean section in Mulago hospital: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Mugisa Gideon Alex , Kiondo Paul , Namagembe Imelda 
Published: April 2018

Objective: To compare the incidence of post-operative infections among mothers who received single dose pre-operative ceftriaxone and metronidazole compared to multiple doses after delivery by elective caesarean section. Methods: This was (parallel, balanced randomization, 1:1) open label randomized controlled trial conducted Mulago Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. Participants included in this study were pregnant women who had been admitted for elective caesarean section. The mothers were randomized to receive single dose of ceftriaxone and metronidazole minutes before the operation or multiple doses 30-60 during the operation and postoperatively. The primary outcome was post-operative wound infection. Secondary outcomes were clinical endometritis and febrile morbidity. The 174 eligible participants were randomized into one of the two treatment arms in a ratio of 1:1. The research assistants who collected the outcomes were blinded to the study allocation. Results: Of the 174 eligible participants who recruited; 87 were randomized to the single dose group while 87 to the multiple doses group. The participants were recruited from 17th September 2015 up to 29th February 2016. All the participants were followed up for two weeks after delivery. Outcome data was available for 79 women in the single dose group and 81 women in the multiple dose group. There were no differences in the incidence of post-operative wound infections between the single dose arm versus the multiple dose arm (RR 1.895; 95% CI (0.2-21.4). There was no clinical endometritis and febrile morbidity observed during the 14 days of follow up. Conclusion: Single dose pre-operative antibiotic prophylactic with ceftriaxone and metronidazole is as effective as multiple doses in prevention of post-operative infectious morbidity in women who undergo elective caesarean section. We recommend the use of single dose ceftriaxone and metronidazole in women undergoing elective caesarean section in our setting. Trial registration: NCT02736682. Registration date, 7th April, 2016.
Impact of Managerial Commitment on Risk Taking with Dynamic Fund Flows
Authors: Kaniel Ron , Tompaidis Stathis , Zhou Ti 
Published: April 2018

We present a model with dynamic investment flows, where fund managers have the ability to generate excess returns, and study how forcing them to commit part or all of their personal wealth to the fund they manage affects fund risk taking. We contrast the behavior of a manager who may invest her personal wealth in a private account to a manager who is either forced to commit her wealth to the fund she manages or not allowed to hold risky assets held by the fund privately. We show that a fund managed by a manager with higher ability does not necessarily achieve higher expected returns but achieves lower idiosyncratic volatility. For a manager with constant ability, restrictions placed on her personal account do not influence her choices in the fund, while for a manager whose ability varies stochastically, they result in higher expected returns and idiosyncratic volatilities. Fund strategies can be nonmonotone both in the manager’s commitment level and the ratio of manager to investor wealth. Our results are robust to incomplete information and to competing managers with correlated ability. The internet appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2017.2946 . This paper was accepted by Neng Wang, finance.
Learning from Inventory Availability Information: Evidence from Field Experiments on Amazon
Authors: Cui Ruomeng , Zhang Dennis J. , Bassamboo Achal 
Published: April 2018

Many online retailers provide real-time inventory availability information. Customers can learn from the inventory level and update their beliefs about the product. Thus, consumer purchasing behavior may be impacted by the availability information. Based on a unique setting from Amazon lightning deals, which displays the percentage of inventory consumed in real time, we explore whether and how consumers learn from inventory availability information. Identifying the effect of learning on consumer decisions has been a notoriously difficult empirical question because of endogeneity concerns. We address this issue by running two randomized field experiments on Amazon in which we create exogenous shocks on the inventory availability information for a random subset of Amazon lightning deals. In addition, we track the dynamic purchasing behavior and inventory information for 23,665 lightning deals offered by Amazon and use their panel structure to further explore the relative effect of learning. We find evidence of consumers learning from inventory information: a decrease in product availability causally attracts more sales in the future; in particular, a 10% increase in past claims leads to a 2.08% increase in cart add-ins in the next hour. Moreover, we show that buyers use observable product characteristics to moderate their inferences when learning from others; a deep discount weakens the learning momentum, whereas a good product rating amplifies the learning momentum. This paper was accepted by Serguei Netessine, operations management.
Why Do People Volunteer? An Experimental Analysis of Preferences for Time Donations
Authors: Brown Alexander L. , Meer Jonathan , Williams J. Forrest 
Published: April 2018

Why do individuals volunteer their time even when recipients receive far less value than the donor’s opportunity cost? Previous models of altruism that focus on the overall impact of a gift cannot rationalize this behavior, despite its prevalence. We develop a model that allows for differential warm glow depending on the form of the donation. In a series of laboratory experiments that control for other aspects of volunteering, such as its signaling value, subjects demonstrate behavior consistent with the theoretical assumption that gifts of time produce greater utility than the same transfers in the form of money. Subjects perform an effort task, accruing earnings at potentially different wage rates for themselves or a charity of their choice, with the ability to transfer any of their personal earnings to charity at the end of the experiment. Subjects exhibit strong preferences for donating time even when differential wage rates make it costly to do so. The results provide new insights on the nature of volunteering and gift giving. Data, the online appendix, and the experimental instructions are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2017.2951 . This paper was accepted by Teck-Hua Ho, behavioral economics.
Unbundling of Ancillary Service: How Does Price Discrimination of Main Service Matter?
Authors: Cui Yao , Duenyas Izak , Sahin Ozge 
Published: April 2018

We consider a setting where the firm sells a main service (e.g., air travel) and an ancillary service (e.g., in-flight meal) to two types of consumers: high type (e.g., business travelers) and low type (e.g., leisure travelers). The firm decides whether to unbundle the ancillary service from the main service and charge separate prices for different service components. We study the interaction between the optimal ancillary unbundling strategy and the firm’s use of main service price discrimination by analyzing two types of firms: firms that use uniform pricing of main service and firms that use discriminatory pricing of main service. We find that a uniform-pricing (respectively, discriminatory-pricing) firm should unbundle the ancillary service if the fraction of high-type consumers who value the ancillary service is large (respectively, small) enough. The difference hinges on the rationale that under uniform pricing, unbundling allows the firm to extract more ancillary surplus from high-type consumers; by contrast, under discriminatory pricing, bundling allows the firm to extract more ancillary surplus from consumers. Moreover, we find that unbundling the ancillary service and using main service price discrimination are strategic complements (respectively, strategic substitutes) if the correlation between consumers’ main service valuations and ancillary service valuations is low (respectively, high). The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2017.0646 .
Dancing compassion: Cultivating a body of love in the Tantric Buddhist dance of Nepal
Authors: Shaw Miranda 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
This article examines Charya Nritya, the contemplative and yogic dance practice of the Tantric Buddhist priests of Nepal. Taking as my focus a dance devoted to a divinity who embodies universal compassion, I elucidate how the ways of moving and somatic sensitivities nurtured by the dance can serve in the Buddhist quest to cultivate a compassionate bodily presence on earth.
Thresholds: Moving between worlds
Authors: Olsen Andrea 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Thresholds is a somatic movement excursion that involves a three-part process: the approach, the passing through (liminality) and the arriving into a new space. Language shapes experience. Verbal choices can lead us into an experience or can shut it down. By offering a series of prompts in the writing, readers notice how words cue changes in the body and are encouraged to broaden choices about how to engage their intrinsic intelligence. Utilizing this experiential movement practice, personal narrative, scientific information, reflections and research by other artists and scholars, and visual imagery as modes and models of inquiry and illumination, invoke possibilities for insight and discovery. Attention is focused on inner as well as outer landscapes, amplifying possibilities for broad readership. The function of Thresholds as a movement exploration is threefold: (1) we can notice how language shapes experience, (2) we can feel and experience our inhibitions and expressivity without restrictive judgment, but with discernment and (3) we can recognize commonalities and appreciate difference, heightening intercultural competence. Throughout, Thresholds as a theme links us both to body systems and body-level boundaries. It also reminds us of our fluid nature; there is not just one way to be in the world. The text encourages investigation, offers multiple views and perspectives, and draws on the Discipline of Authentic Movement as a resource for cultivating a discerning inner witness. The conclusion features the author’s reflections on current collaborative endeavours, and an inspiring performance by Project Bandaloop, amplifying the theme of moving between worlds.
Ethical world gaze
Authors: Fraleigh Sondra 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Earth spinning in space grounds our world-sense of belonging, as do our spinning dances. This article explores self-world-earth relationships, particularly how direction of attention (intentionality) becomes formative in dancing. More widely, it develops a philosophy of an ethical world gaze, promising to enliven the senses. Somewhere between untenable extremes of optimism and pessimism, actions born of joy and hope draw me towards this possibility. Earth, world and nature entwine in language and perception, but they also have divergent aspects to be theorized. These imprecise terms become increasingly more discrete in the course of this article, textured through perspectives of Buddhism, eco-phenomenology and butoh. Examinations of ethics in dance and attendant relationships of morality build from there. I explore all of this in four sections of this work: Stargazing, Faces of joy and evanescence, Texturing world and nature, and As the moth.
Determining the differences in nutrition knowledge, dietary behaviors, physical activity and self-efficacy behaviors based on obesity status among adolescents
Authors: Cangöl Sögüt Seda 
Published: April 2018

Purpose: This study was conducted to specify the differences in nutrition knowledge, dietary behaviors, physical activity, and self-efficacy behaviors based on obesity status among adolescents.Methods: In the study, descriptive-correlational design type was used. The sample of the study consisted of 530 adolescents and their parents selected among 5th grade students studying in five secondary schools by using the stratified random sampling method. The study data were collected using the Family Information Questionnaire, the Nutrition Knowledge Scale,the Diet Behavior Scale,the Children’s Dietary Self-Efficacy Scale and the Exercise Behavior Scale. Adolescents were assessed according to body mass index percentages in overweight - obese and normal weight groups in two groups. SPSS 22 program was used in the analysis of the data. For the data assessment, descriptive statistical methods (mean, median, number, percentage) were used. Pearson’s Chi-Square test was applied for comparison of categorical data. The t-test was performed in between-group comparison of parameters. Results: 50.9% of the adolescents were male and 30% of them n=(159) were found to be overweight and obese according to BMI. There was no significant difference between the BMI normal, and overweight/obese adolescents according to gender, age, income status and the mother’s educational level (p>0.05). The difference between BMI normal and overweight/obese children based on Father’s Educational Level, Mother’s BMI, and Father’s BMI values was significant. As educational level of the father and BMI value of mother and father increased, the rate of overweight-obese adolescents also increased (p<0.05). It was found that adolescents’ mean “physical activity behaviors” was 17.457 ± 3.732; “nutrition knowledge mean score” was 11,330 ± 3,258; “dietary self-efficacy” mean score was 5.138 ± 5.386; “dietary behavior” mean score was 3.694 ± 5.324. The adolescents’ physical activity behaviors were high, self-efficacy behaviors were good, and nutrition knowledge levels and dietary behaviors were at moderate level. Nutrition knowledge, dietary behaviors, and dietary self-efficacy of overweight and obese adolescents were found to be high (p<0.05). No significant difference was found among the groups based on physical activity behaviors (p>0.05). Conclusion: All adolescents' nutritional knowledge and nutritional behavior scores were moderate. Nutrition knowledge, nutritional behavior and nutrition self-efficacy scores were high in overweight / obese adolescents. This result may be due to the fact that adolescents and parents in the overweight and obese group are more cautious about nutritional behavior. It can be said that obese adolescents can not turn into information behaviors. Attempts can be made for this. In this regard, larger studies can be suggested.