bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic value of hypoxaemic burden from overnight oximetry in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
Authors: Mourmans Sanne G.J. , Weerts Jerremy , Baumert Mathias , Aizpurua Arantxa Barandiarán , Achten Anouk , Knackstedt Christian , Linz Dominik , van Empel Vanessa P.M. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAimsNocturnal hypoxaemic burden, quantified as time spent with oxygen saturation below 90% (T90), is an established independent predictor of mortality in heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction. The prognostic value of T90 in HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is unknown. This study aims to determine the association of T90 with adverse outcomes in HFpEF.Methods and resultsOne hundred twenty‐six patients prospectively included from our specialised HFpEF outpatient clinic underwent ambulatory home sleep monitoring to obtain oximetry data, including T90. We investigated the association between T90 and a composite endpoint of HF hospitalisations or all‐cause mortality. Nocturnal hypoxaemic burden in this HFpEF population was high, with a median T90 of 13.7 min. In only 10 patients (7.9%), oxygen saturation was at no time point below 90%. After median 34 months [IQR 18.4–52.0] of follow‐up, 32 patients (25%) reached the composite endpoint. T90 was significantly associated with the composite endpoint, also after adjusting for potential confounders (HR 1.004 (95% CI 1.001–1.007, P = 0.019) per 1 min T90 increase or HR 1.265 (95% CI 1.061–1.488) per 1 h T90 increase). Patients with HFpEF in the highest T90 tertile (T90 ≥ 31.4 min) had a significantly higher event rate compared to patients in the lowest two T90 tertiles, with 19 (45%) versus 13 (15%) events, respectively (P < 0.001).ConclusionsNocturnal hypoxaemic burden is an independent prognostic marker for the composite of HF hospitalisations or all‐cause mortality in HFpEF. Whether reduction of T90 improves the prognosis of patients with HFpEF warrants further research.
Pre‐Vegetation Mixed (Wave‐Tide) Energy Trangressive Nearshore Sedimentation: Evidence From the Proterozoic Passive Margin Sequence of NW Himalaya, India
Authors: Saha Subhojit 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe coupled evolution of the Earth's atmosphere–biosphere system through time has caused irreversible changes in the geodynamics as well as surface processes and sedimentation patterns. One such significant change took place in sedimentation in the Palaeozoic (i.e., Silurian) by the appearance of vascular vegetation. While the impact of evolving vegetation on the terrestrial fluvial environment has been relatively well documented, vegetation‐induced effects down the system in marginal or nearshore marine settings have undergone little study. The Meso‐ to Neoproterozoic Rautgara Formation exposed in the Himalayan Orogenic Belt of NW India, offers a chance to study a well‐preserved fluvial–marine transition to nearshore sedimentation before the appearance of vascular vegetation. A detailed sedimentological analysis identifies six genetically linked facies associations (FA) probably deposited in barrier, back‐barrier, and subtidal deltaic environments. Contrary to the other transgressive barrier models (where beach‐barrier overlie the back barrier environments), in the present case, wave‐dominated barrier deposits mostly occupy the basal part of the stratigraphy. In the middle stratigraphic level, back‐barrier deposits lack thick mud flats and show a dominance of sandstone over mudstone. Stacked subtidal sand bar facies association represents the top part of the sequence. Two sequence stratigraphic surfaces, that is, subaerial unconformity and maximum flooding surface, have been identified and the whole succession is interpreted in terms of HST and TST. Barrier and back‐barrier sediments are deposited during HST and TST, respectively. Subtidal deltaic system developed in late TST. The lack of frequent interbedding between the barrier and back‐barrier facies indicates negligible landward migration of the barrier and demonstrates system stability. The barrier system might have resulted from vertical aggradations akin to modern vegetated systems. The study portrays that sandy barrier systems are common in the Proterozoic. Vegetation and thick mud flats are not always essential for the stability of a barrier‐beach system.
Electronic Structures of Late versus Early Transition Metal Imido Complexes from 15N‐NMR Signatures
Authors: Kakiuchi Yuya , Copéret Christophe 
Published: October 2024

AbstractImido ligand is a ubiquitous motif in organometallic chemistry, serving roles spanning from ancillary ligands to reactive sites. The nature of M=N bond is highly depended on the metal centres and their d‐electron configuration, with late transition metal (TM) imido complexes exhibiting contrasting features when compared to their early TM analogues. Envisioning to uncover general electronic descriptor for the nature of imido ligands, we computationally investigate the solid‐state 15N NMR signatures of late TM imido complexes with various central metals, geometries and d‐electron counts, and compare them against these of the corresponding early TM systems. The spectroscopic signatures are mostly driven by the presence of filled, π‐symmetry orbitals in late TM imido complexes, suggesting the development of high‐lying π(M=N) and low‐lying σ/σ*(M=N) orbitals. This contrasts with what is observed for the reported early TM systems, for which high‐lying σ‐type orbitals determine the NMR signature. Noteworthily, Ni‐ and Pd‐imido complexes with formal d10 configurations exhibit highly asymmetric nitrogen‐15 NMR signature with extremely deshielded principal components, because of the presence of filled, high‐lying antibonding π*(M=N) orbitals, consistent with their high reactivity. The sensitive response of 15N NMR signature to the nature of metal sites further highlights that chemical shift is a useful reactivity descriptor.
Evaluating Land Surface Temperature Variation and Its Responses to Climate Change and Human Activities on the Southeastern Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Zhou Xuan , Xue Baolin , Wang Guoqiang , Wang Yuntao , A Yinglan , Jia Kun , Cao Biao , Wang Ming , Xi Xiaofei 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe Yarlung Zangbo River Basin (YZRB), situated within the Qinghai‐Tibetan Plateau, has experienced significant alterations due to global warming and vegetation greening. This region serves as a critical indicator of the interplay between vegetation growth and climatic fluctuations, as evidenced by substantial changes in spatiotemporal land surface temperature (LST) over recent decades. In this research, we assessed the components of the water and energy cycles from 1980 to 2015 utilising the variable infiltration capacity (VIC) model to generate a continuous daily LST data over a 35‐year period. Subsequently, we analysed the variations in LST and identified the influence of environmental factors on temperature changes. Notably, while greening was observed, LST exhibited an upward trend. By differentiating the effects of climatic and anthropogenic factors on LST, we found that climate was the predominant influence, accounting for a contribution rate of 70.36% from 1980 to 1995. In contrast, human activities became the primary driver of LST changes, contributing 55% after 1995. Grasslands with moderate coverage demonstrated potential cooling effects. Among the various environmental factors examined, albedo exhibited a negative and delayed impact on LST, while temperature, precipitation and evapotranspiration were positively correlated with LST, displaying relatively synchronous variations. Additionally, soil moisture and the normalised difference vegetation index (NDVI) were identified as leading contributors to positive changes in LST. This study enhances the understanding of the mechanisms influencing LST and provides essential insights for socio‐economic development in areas with sensitive ecosystem.
Late erosion of an Adjustable Transobturator Male System (ATOMS®) device
Authors: Paynter Jessica A , Qin Kirby R , Chee Justin , Manning Todd , Brennan Janelle 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionThis report describes late erosion of an Adjustable Transobturator Male System device which was inserted for post‐prostatectomy incontinence. The Adjustable Transobturator Male System device eroded the bulbar urethra 5 years post insertion, despite initial improvement of symptoms.Case presentationFollowing an open radical retropubic prostatectomy, a 64 year‐old male patient developed post‐prostatectomy incontinence. He had a known urethral stricture and had also undergone salvage radiotherapy for biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer. His incontinence was initially successfully treated with an Adjustable Transobturator Male System device, yet this eroded his bulbar urethra 5 years post insertion, which was deemed to be a late erosion.ConclusionUrologists should be aware that late erosion of the Adjustable Transobturator Male System device can occur, and risk stratification of patients undergoing Adjustable Transobturator Male System device insertion may help to minimize erosion rates.
Diagnosis of infiltrating bladder endometriosis after fourth cesarean section
Authors: Skaff Bassem , Diab Rayane , Moussa Mohamad , Massaad Christopher , Ghazal Kariman 
Published: October 2024

ObjectivesThis case report highlights the clinical presentation, diagnostic challenges, and effective management of bladder endometriosis, while emphasizing the importance of considering this diagnosis in patients with chronic pelvic pain and urinary symptoms.MethodsA 32‐year‐old woman presented with severe pelvic pain, dysuria, and dyspareunia. Diagnosis of bladder endometriosis was achieved through clinical suspicion supported by vaginal ultrasound, 3D imaging, and magnetic resonance imaging.ResultsConservative medical treatment provided temporary relief, which necessitated resection of endometriotic nodule.ConclusionsDue to its rarity and non‐specific presentation, bladder endometriosis is often underdiagnosed or misdiagnosed. In this case, the patient's pain can be correlated with the deeply infiltrating nature of the endometriotic lesions, causing irritation, and involvement of the bladder.
Heteroepitaxy of ε‐Ga2O3 thin film for artificial synaptic device
Authors: Su Longxing , Zhang Bin , Yang Zhuo , Chen Zimin 
Published: October 2024

AbstractEmerging‐wide bandgap semiconductor Ga2O3 shows distinct characteristics for optoelectronic applications and a stable crystal phase of Ga2O3 is highly desired. Herein, we have first reported a metal‐semiconductor‐metal structure photonic synaptic device based on the ε‐Ga2O3 thin film. The ε‐Ga2O3 epilayer is grown on the c‐sapphire with a low temperature nucleation layer, which presents a crystal orientation relationship with the c‐sapphire (ε‐Ga2O3 <010> // c‐sapphire <1–100> and ε‐Ga2O3 <001> // c‐sapphire <0001>). The ε‐Ga2O3 photonic device was stimulated by UV pulses at different pulse widths, pulse intervals, and reading voltages. Under the UV pulse excitation, the photonic device exhibits primary synaptic functions including excitatory postsynaptic current, short term memory, pair pulse facilitation, long term memory, and STM‐to‐LTM conversion. In addition, stronger and repeated stimuli can naturally contribute to the higher learning capability, thus prolonging the memory time.
Deep Learning With Optical Coherence Tomography for Melanoma Identification and Risk Prediction
Authors: Lai Pei‐Yu , Shih Tai‐Yu , Chang Yu‐Huan , Chang Chung‐Hsing , Kuo Wen‐Chuan 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTMalignant melanoma is the most severe skin cancer with a rising incidence rate. Several noninvasive image techniques and computer‐aided diagnosis systems have been developed to help find melanoma in its early stages. However, most previous research utilized dermoscopic images to build a diagnosis model, and only a few used prospective datasets. This study develops and evaluates a convolutional neural network (CNN) for melanoma identification and risk prediction using optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging of mice skin. Longitudinal tests are performed on four animal models: melanoma mice, dysplastic nevus mice, and their respective controls. The CNN classifies melanoma and healthy tissues with high sensitivity (0.99) and specificity (0.98) and also assigns a risk score to each image based on the probability of melanoma presence, which may facilitate early diagnosis and management of melanoma in clinical settings.
Self‐harm‐related mental imagery: A content analysis study of imagery reported by young people referred to mental health services
Authors: Susi Karima , Stewart Anne , Knowles Bevis Rebecca , Hawton Keith 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundGrowing evidence suggests that self‐harm‐related mental imagery is involved in the transition from self‐harm ideation to enactment. However, there has been little research on this important phenomenon in adolescent populations.MethodsUsing an online questionnaire, the frequency, content and impact of self‐harm‐related mental imagery was investigated in a transdiagnostic clinical population of young people with recent self‐harm. Mood ratings were used to assess the impact of completing the questionnaire.ResultsFifty‐five young people aged 14–24 years old completed the study. Participants were mostly female (85.5%) and White (87.3%). All but one participant (98.2%) reported images related to self‐harm, with 53 (96.4%) reporting future‐oriented self‐harm images, 53 (96.4%) reporting past‐oriented images, and 52 (94.5%) reporting both. Imagery included imagining self‐harm and particularly dangerous acts (including suicide), specific methods, and the consequences of self‐harm for self and others. Past self‐harm‐related mental imagery was sometimes used to develop future‐oriented self‐harm‐related imagery planning, highlighting the influence of previous exposure to self‐harm. Most participants (N = 45; 88.2%) stated that significant self‐harm‐related mental imagery increased the likelihood they would self‐harm. Stimulation of mental imagery was most frequently reported to be related to dreams about self‐harm (N = 33; 60.0%), and exposure to self‐harm‐related content on social media (N = 32; 58.2%) and in fictional TV programmes (N = 30; 54.6%). There was no significant difference in participants' pre‐ and post‐questionnaire mood ratings.ConclusionsSelf‐harm‐related mental imagery is commonly experienced by young people who self‐harm and may play a role in ideation‐to‐enactment of self‐harm. Asking about self‐harm‐related mental imagery can be done safely and could be considered for inclusion in routine clinical assessments. Self‐harm exposure and the origins of self‐harm‐related imagery, such as the links with past self‐harm and social media, as well as potential imagery‐based interventions for self‐harm, require further evaluation. A working model of self‐harm‐related mental imagery is presented.
Synergistic Phytochemical and Nanotechnological Exploration of Melia azedarach With Silver Nitrate: Elucidating Multifaceted Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Antidiabetic, and Insecticidal Potentials
Authors: Shah Asad Husain , Khan Ameena , Khan Neelam , Jannat Sammyia , Alarjan Khaloud Mohammed , Elshikh Mohamed S. , Afareen Afshan , Hameed Hajra 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTPlants are a rich source of bioactive compounds with significant pharmaceutical and health applications. This study explores the phytochemical, therapeutic, and phytotoxic properties of Melia azedarach by analyzing extracts from its bark, flowers, leaves, and fruits using six solvents: ethanol, methanol, acetone, hexane, chloroform, and distilled water. Twenty‐one phytochemical tests were conducted, revealing significantly positive results for various tests. However, the ethanolic and methanolic flower extracts yielded no significant results in other tests. The highest total phenolic content was found in the chloroform extract of the leaves (96 ± 0.01 mg/100 g), and the highest antioxidant activity was observed in the ethanolic and hexane leaf extracts, with a 98% DPPH scavenging rate. Antibacterial testing showed significant efficacy against Serratia marcescens, Bacillus subtilis, Kluyvera spp., and Pseudomonas spp., with p values < 0.0001. The fruit chloroform extract demonstrated the highest alpha‐amylase inhibition (93 ± 0.05), while the ethanolic leaf extract had the greatest tumor inhibition (85.6 ± 0.5). Insecticidal assays revealed that the acetone bark extract had the highest control values (56% and 57%). Due to their higher reducing potential, the leaves were used to biosynthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), characterized by UV–Vis spectroscopy, EDX, and SEM, revealing an average particle size of 20–30 nm and spherical morphology. The AgNPs exhibited excellent antibacterial, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and insecticidal activities. These findings highlight the potential of M. azedarach and its AgNPs for developing novel therapeutic agents.
Hybrid TLM‐CTLM Test Structure for Determining Specific Contact Resistivity of Ohmic Contacts
Authors: Yue Pan , Chi Thanh Pham , Holland Anthony 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTVarious test structures can be used to determine the specific contact resistivity of ohmic contacts. The transmission line model test structure and circular transmission line model test structure are the most commonly used. The analytical expressions of the former are straightforward and effectively describe the electrical behaviour of a contact, while the concentric geometry of the latter eliminates complications during fabrication. In this article, we present a hybrid test structure that combines the advantages of the transmission line and the circular transmission line models. The analytical expressions of the new structure are presented, and its finite‐element modelling is undertaken. The effect of contact geometry on this test structure is also discussed. Using the presented test structure, determining contact parameters does not require any error corrections.
Implications of CMIP6 Models‐Based Climate Biases and Runoff Sensitivity on Runoff Projection Uncertainties Over Central India
Authors: Tyagi Shoobhangi , Sahany Sandeep , Saraswat Dharmendra , Mishra Saroj Kanta , Dubey Amlendu , Niyogi Dev 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTAccurate runoff projections are vital for developing climate adaptation strategies, yet significant uncertainties persist. The commonly employed approaches to constrain these uncertainties rely on the stationarity of climate biases and runoff sensitivity, which may not hold for climate‐sensitive regions (e.g., semi‐arid regions). This study investigates the validity of the stationarity assumption across 29 CMIP6 models, encompassing diverse climate biases (Dry Warm, Wet Warm, Dry Cold, and Wet Cold), utilising a semi‐arid region in central India as a testbed. The implications of this assumption on runoff projection uncertainties were comprehensively assessed across the runoff modelling chain for three time periods (the 2030s, 2060s and 2090s) based on the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) simulations. The results highlight the non‐stationary nature of climate biases and runoff sensitivity under future scenarios, challenging the widespread applicability of common uncertainty‐constraining approaches. Moreover, the impact of non‐stationarity on runoff projection uncertainty was found to be strongly influenced by the choice of GCMs, preprocessing methods and climate change scenarios. In the 2030s, GCMs dominate runoff uncertainty, with dry models exhibiting ~10%–15% higher uncertainty compared to warm models, which is further amplified when interacting with warm biases. However, from the mid‐century onwards, the bias‐adjustment approaches and climate change scenarios significantly shape runoff projection uncertainties under non‐stationary conditions. These findings emphasise the potential of climate bias and runoff sensitivity‐based GCM selection for reducing runoff uncertainty in near‐future assessment (2030s). For mid‐term and long‐term runoff projections, addressing diverse climate biases through bias‐adjustment approaches is more viable. This study offers critical insights to prioritise the development of a non‐stationarity‐based approach for reliable runoff projections in climate‐sensitive regions.
Experimental Determination of the Temperature‐Dependent Broadening Effect of Water Vapour on the S‐Branch Raman Linewidths of Nitrogen
Authors: Misoi Henry , Hölzer Jonas I. , Seeger Thomas 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThis work reports the S‐branch Raman linewidths of N2 broadened by H2O vapour at temperatures 870–1900 K determined using the picosecond time‐resolved pure rotational coherent anti‐Stokes Raman scattering (RCARS) approach. The coherent dephasing time constant of nitrogen in a binary mixture was determined from the time trace fitting of the RCARS signal. Raman linewidths of N2 for four different binary mixture compositions up to 20% H2O were obtained for each temperature and the N2‐H2O broadening coefficient was determined. The decay of nitrogen broadened by water vapour is faster than that of self‐broadened nitrogen for all temperatures leading to a higher Raman linewidth. Respectively, the S‐branch Raman linewidths of N2‐H2O deviate significantly in magnitude and slope from the Q‐branch Raman linewidth calculated by the modified energy gap (MEG) law. Therefore, taking into account the broadening effect of water molecules in nitrogen has the potential to significantly improve thermometry and species concentration determination. The determined S‐branch Raman linewidths and broadening coefficient will therefore find application in combustion and reactive flow diagnostics.
Safe distance from facial nerve for bipolar coagulation in parotid surgery—Animal study
Authors: Stanković Petar , Bette Michael , Mandić Robert , Hoch Stephan , Stuck Boris A. , Wilhelm Thomas 
Published: October 2024

ObjectiveCurrently no data exist on what distance from facial nerve (FN) it is safe to perform bipolar cautery (BC) in parotid surgery, although frequently performed.MethodsThe degree of damage was measured using continuous intraoperative neuromonitoring (cIONM, NIM™ 3, Medtronic) in 16 Wistar rats. Amplitude drop of at least 50% (A50) or a loss of signal (LOS) in the cIONM was defined as harmful; BC was performed in power range 20–60 W.ResultsBC ≤30 W did not cause LOS (0/14 nerves). When applying 35 W, A50 occurred at 4 mm from FN and LOS was noted in 1 of 5 nerves. BC at a power of 40 to 60 W demonstrated LOS in all nerves (12/12) at a 5 mm distance.ConclusionBC up to 30 W can be safely applied up to 3 mm distance from FN. 40 to 60 W should be avoided and used only at a distance of over 6 mm from FN.Level of EvidenceNA/animal study. Laryngoscope, 135:1120–1126, 2025