bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Homosexuality and Psychoanalysis Meet at a Mental Hospital: An Early Institutional History
Authors: Wake Naoko 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Psychoanalysis and homosexuality in the United States were both largely in flux between 1910 and 1935. This article sheds light on this unique historical moment by first exploring scholarly discussions of the era’s psychoanalysis and homosexuality, both of which emphasized the transitional nature of therapy and sexuality. By putting two bodies of scholarship into conversation, I also suggest how the historiography might move beyond two oft-cited arguments—that the psychoanalysis of the era had the power to form a person’s sexual identity negatively, and that sexual minorities formed their identities affirmatively by staying away from medical interventions. I argue that, instead, psychoanalysis was part of modern sexual identity-formation in surprisingly open-ended ways. The second half of the article continues to explore the interplay between therapy and sexuality by closely examining clinical practices at one of the leading mental hospitals of the era: Sheppard and Enoch Pratt Hospital in Towson, Maryland, where an eclectic mode of psychotherapy was actively employed to treat homosexuality. In particular, the work of Harry Stack Sullivan (1892-1949), a gay psychiatrist well-known for his interpersonal theory of mental illness, shows how male patients who experienced same-sex sexual relationships nurtured productive interdependency among men in their articulation of sexual identity. By carefully delineating this process, the article shows how analytic practices could, and sometimes did, offer a crucial space for self-reflection and articulation of male sexuality.
Potential clinical utility of ERC-2 yeast phase lysate antigen for antibody detection in dogs with blastomycosis
Authors: RoyChowdhury Moytri , Muzzall Evan , Baumgardner Dennis J , Kennell Bryn C , Esterbrook Arin C , Shurley Jack F , Scalarone Gene M 
Published: November 2018

AbstractFour Blastomyces antigens ERC-2 (B. gilchristii, dog, Wisconsin), B5929 (human, Minnesota), 597 (human, Wisconsin), and T-27 (polar bear, Tennessee) were tested against 31 serum specimens from dogs with blastomycosis and 19 from healthy dogs. All antigens detected antibody; efficacy varied. ERC-2 showed the highest ELISA mean absorbance value of 3.00 followed by T-27. Test performance varied by sample geographic origin. Further study is needed to determine if ERC-2 antigens may be clinically useful, and whether the combination of the particular fungal species as antigen source, host animal, and the species and geographic location of the patient being tested is important for optimum test characteristics.
A Medical Student Inquiry Behavior Assessment Tool: Development and Validity Evidence
Authors: Brondfield Sam , Boscardin Christy , Strewler Gordon , Hyland Katherine , Oakes Scott A. , Nishimura Holly , Crawford Jenny , Hauer Karen E. 
Published: November 2018

Purpose
The University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) School of Medicine’s Bridges curriculum is designed to teach inquiry: the process of approaching problems with curiosity, challenging current concepts, and creating new knowledge. The authors aimed to develop and gather validity evidence for a tool to guide development of medical student inquiry behaviors in small groups.

Method
The authors reviewed the literature to identify inquiry behaviors, verified findings with an expert focus group, and synthesized the results into 40 behaviors. In a modified two-round Delphi survey in 2016, faculty and students rated the behaviors for inclusion in the tool. Feedback from cognitive interviews and a pilot helped refine the tool. In 2016–2017, the authors implemented the final tool for 152 first-year UCSF medical students in inquiry small groups as a faculty assessment and a student self-assessment each quarter.

Results
The two-round response rate was 77% (36/47). Five behaviors were selected for inclusion in the tool: select relevant questions to pursue; justify explanations with evidence; critically evaluate his/her explanation in light of alternative possibilities; allow for the possibility that his/her own knowledge may not be completely correct; and collaborate well with peers. During implementation, faculty and student scores increased on most items, indicating skills development over time. Content, response process, internal structure, and consequential validity evidence is presented.

Conclusions
The tool’s five items are observable, measurable core inquiry behaviors. The tool is ready for use by small-group facilitators within inquiry-based curricula to promote student self-assessment and guide feedback to students.
Paenibacillus polymyxa and Bacillus cereus Concomitant Bacteremia
Authors: Baugh Aaron , Simo Hermann , Altayib Hadeel , Ellis Michael , Georgescu Claudiu 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
The genus Paenibacillus comprised 148 species and are gram-positive, facultative anaerobic, spore-forming, rod-shaped bacteria found in a variety of environments including soil. In the last decade, Paenibacillus polymyxa and its isolates have seen increasing commercial applications in agriculture and medicine. Several Paenibacillus species have been reported to cause bacteremia; however, invasive infection attributed to P. polymyxa is exceptionally rare. We report a case of bacteremia due to P. polymyxa in a human immunodeficiency virus–negative patient.
Effect of Brexpiprazole on Prolactin
Authors: Ivkovic Jelena , Lindsten Annika , George Vinu , Eriksson Hans , Hobart Mary 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Background
Hyperprolactinemia is an undesirable effect of most antipsychotics because of D2-receptor blockade. We assessed the effect of the D2-receptor partial agonist brexpiprazole on prolactin, based on pooled data from three 6-week, randomized, placebo-controlled studies and two open-label extension studies in patients with schizophrenia.

Methods
In the short-term studies, patients received 0.25, 1, 2, 4 mg brexpiprazole or placebo; or flexible-dose brexpiprazole (2–4 mg/d), placebo, or active reference. The extension studies were 52-week, flexible-dose (1–4 mg/d) studies. We studied changes from baseline and shifts in prolactin status in patients with normal or elevated prolactin levels at baseline, and prolactin-related treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs).

Results
Median changes from baseline to week 6 in brexpiprazole-treated patients in short-term studies were as follows: 3.63 ng/mL (females), 0.26 ng/mL (males); placebo: −2.15 ng/mL (females), −1.08 ng/mL (males).
Median changes from baseline to week 52 in long-term studies were 0.60 ng/mL (females) and 0.18 ng/mL (males). Prolactin levels in patients with baseline values greater than 1× upper limit of normal tended to decrease over time regardless of previous treatment.
The proportions of brexpiprazole-treated patients with greater than 3× upper limit of normal postbaseline prolactin values in short-term studies were as follows: 1.5% (females), 1.6% (males); placebo: 3.6% (females), 3.4% (males). Corresponding figures in long-term studies were 5.3% (females) and 2.0% (males).
In short-term studies, the incidence of prolactin-related TEAEs was 1.8% for brexpiprazole and 0.6% for placebo. In long-term studies, the incidence of prolactin-related TEAEs was 1.7%.

Conclusions
Small changes in prolactin levels, low proportions of patients with postbaseline elevated prolactin values, and low incidence of prolactin-related TEAEs were observed after treatment with brexpiprazole.
Predictors of Caregiver Burden in Caregivers of Bedridden Patients
Authors: BEKDEMİR Aysun , İLHAN Nesrin 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACT

Background
Caregivers are at risk of experiencing caregiver burden. It is therefore important to determine the caregiver burden of caregivers who provide care to bedridden patients and related factors.

Purpose
The aim of this study was to determine the caregiver burden of caregivers who provide care to bedridden patients and the factors that impact this burden.

Methods
This cross-sectional study was executed at a state hospital in Istanbul, Turkey, on bedridden patients registered in the home healthcare unit and their caregivers. During study period, the researchers made 312 visits to patients and their caregivers. A sociodemographic questionnaire, the Burden Interview, and the Katz Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living were used to collect data. Descriptive statistics, an independent sample t test, one-way analysis of variance, and stepwise multiple regression analysis were used for data analysis.

Results
The participants reported a moderate level of caregiver burden. Existing caregiver health problems, caregiver employment status, the ability of the caregiver to maintain his or her own good health, type of home, and the degree of patient dependence in terms of activities of daily living were each found to be significant predictors of caregiver burden.

Conclusions/Implications of Practice
The support provided to caregivers by home healthcare units is important in terms of protecting the physical, mental, and social health conditions of caregivers and preventing the exacerbation of caregiver burden.
Safety and Tolerability of Vacuum Versus Manual Drainage During Thoracentesis
Authors: Senitko Michal , Ray Amrik S. , Murphy Terrence E. , Araujo Katy L.B. , Bramley Kyle , DeBiasi Erin M. , Pisani Margaret A. , Cameron Kelsey , Puchalski Jonathan T. 
Published: November 2018

Background:
Pleural effusions may be aspirated manually or via vacuum during thoracentesis. This study compares the safety, pain level, and time involved in these techniques.

Methods:
We randomized 100 patients receiving ultrasound-guided unilateral thoracentesis in an academic medical center from December 2015 through September 2017 to either vacuum or manual drainage. Without using pleural manometry, the effusion was drained completely or until the development of refractory symptoms. Measurements included self-reported pain before and during the procedure (from 0 to 10), time for completion of drainage, and volume removed. Primary outcomes were rates of all-cause complications and of early termination of the procedure with secondary outcomes of change in pain score, drainage time, volume removed, and inverse rate of removal.

Results:
Patient characteristics in the manual (n=49) and vacuum (n=51) groups were similar. Rate of all-cause complications was higher in the vacuum group (5 vs. 0; P=0.03): pneumothorax (n=3), surgically treated hemothorax with subsequent death (n=1) and reexpansion pulmonary edema causing respiratory failure (n=1), as was rate of early termination (8 vs. 1; P=0.018). The vacuum group exhibited greater pain during drainage (P<0.05), shorter drainage time (P<0.01), no association with volume removed (P>0.05), and lower inverse rate of removal (P≤0.01).

Conclusion:
Despite requiring less time, vacuum aspiration during thoracentesis was associated with higher rates of complication and of early termination of the procedure and greater pain. Although larger studies are needed, this pilot study suggests that manual aspiration provides greater safety and patient comfort.
Randomized-controlled trial of methocarbamol as a novel treatment for muscle cramps in cirrhotic patients
Authors: Abd-Elsalam Sherief , Arafa Mona , Elkadeem Mahmoud , Elfert Asem , Soliman Shaimaa , Elkhalawany Walaa , Badawi Rehab 
Published: November 2018

Background
Muscle cramps occur in 29–88% of patients with liver cirrhosis. They adversely affect quality of life. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of methocarbamol as a novel therapy in controlling muscle cramps in cirrhotic patients.

Patients and methods
This study was carried on 100 patients with liver cirrhosis in addition to chronic hepatitis C who presented with frequent muscle cramps (≥three cramps per week). Half of these patients received methocarbamol and the other half received placebo. This was done through equal randomization. Questionnaires on muscle cramp were answered. Patients were evaluated before, after 1 month of treatment, and 2 weeks after washout of treatment in terms of severity, duration, and frequency of cramps. Liver, renal functions, and electrolytes were analyzed. Also, any side effect was detected.

Results
Patients who were treated with methocarbamol showed a significant decrease in the frequency and duration of cramps. Also, the pain score improved significantly. However, no significant changes were observed in the placebo group. Few side effects of methocarbamol were recorded, including dry mouth and drowsiness.

Conclusion
Methocarbamol seems to be a promising safe and well-tolerated medication, and plays a role in the treatment of muscle cramps in patients with liver cirrhosis.
Lasso Regression for the Prediction of Intermediate Outcomes Related to Cardiovascular Disease Prevention Using the TRANSIT Quality Indicators
Authors: Khanji Cynthia , Lalonde Lyne , Bareil Céline , Lussier Marie-Thérèse , Perreault Sylvie , Schnitzer Mireille E. 
Published: November 2018

Background:Cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality are largely influenced by poor control of hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes. Process indicators are essential to monitor the effectiveness of quality improvement strategies. However, process indicators should be validated by demonstrating their ability to predict desirable outcomes. The objective of this study is to identify an effective method for building prediction models and to assess the predictive validity of the TRANSIT indicators.Methods:On the basis of blood pressure readings and laboratory test results at baseline, the TRANSIT study population was divided into 3 overlapping subpopulations: uncontrolled hypertension, uncontrolled dyslipidemia, and uncontrolled diabetes. A classic statistical method, a sparse machine learning technique, and a hybrid method combining both were used to build prediction models for whether a patient reached therapeutic targets for hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes. The final models’ performance for predicting these intermediate outcomes was established using cross-validated area under the curves (cvAUC).Results:At baseline, 320, 247, and 303 patients were uncontrolled for hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes, respectively. Among the 3 techniques used to predict reaching therapeutic targets, the hybrid method had a better discriminative capacity (cvAUCs=0.73 for hypertension, 0.64 for dyslipidemia, and 0.79 for diabetes) and succeeded in identifying indicators with a better capacity for predicting intermediate outcomes related to cardiovascular disease prevention.Conclusions:Even though this study was conducted in a complex population of patients, a set of 5 process indicators were found to have good predictive validity based on the hybrid method.
Care Coordination and Population Health Management Strategies and Challenges in a Behavioral Health Home Model
Authors: Daumit Gail L. , Stone Elizabeth M. , Kennedy-Hendricks Alene , Choksy Seema , Marsteller Jill A. , McGinty Emma E. 
Published: November 2018

Objectives:
Behavioral health home (BHH) models have been developed to integrate physical and mental health care and address medical comorbidities for individuals with serious mental illnesses. Previous studies identified population health management capacity and coordination with primary care providers as key barriers to BHH implementation. This study examines the BHH leaders’ perceptions of and organizational capacity to conduct these functions within the community mental health programs implementing BHHs in Maryland.

Methods:
Interviews and surveys were conducted with 72 implementation leaders and 627 front-line staff from 46 of 48 Maryland BHH programs. In-depth coding of the population health management and primary care coordination themes identified subthemes related to these topics.

Results:
BHH staff described cultures supportive of evidence-based practices, but limited ability to effectively perform population health management or primary care coordination. Tension between population health management and direct, clinical care, lack of experience, and state regulations for service delivery were identified as key challenges for population health management. Engaging primary care providers was the primary barrier to care coordination. Health information technology and staffing were barriers to both functions.

Conclusions:
BHHs face a number of barriers to effective implementation of core program elements. To improve programs’ ability to conduct effective population health management and care coordination and meaningfully impact health outcomes for individuals with serious mental illness, multiple strategies are needed, including formalized protocols, training for staff, changes to financing mechanisms, and health information technology improvements.
Association of Self-Leadership and Planning With Performing an Exercise in Patients With Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Lee Myung Kyung , Park Soo Yeun , Choi Gyu-Seog 
Published: November 2018

Background
A healthy lifestyle that includes physical activity is an essential component of the care plans for cancer survivors. However, many cancer survivors remain inactive, even if they feel motivated to exercise. Based on the Chronic Care Model, self-leadership and planning may improve cancer survivors' self-management of their own care.

Objective
The aim of this study was to examine whether self-leadership skills and planning are associated with performance and maintenance of an exercise program in patients with colorectal cancer.

Methods
This cross-sectional study enrolled 251 consecutive patients with colorectal cancer who received primary curative surgery and were undergoing or had completed other therapy at the National University Hospitals from 2 regions in South Korea. Demographic data and measures of self-leadership and planning were obtained from questionnaires and clinical data from hospital databases. Self-leadership was measured using the validated Abbreviated Self-Leadership Questionnaire, and another validated psychometric assessment instrument was used to measure “action planning” and “coping planning.”

Results
Performing and maintaining an exercise program at a level recommended by an American Cancer Society panel correlated with greater self-leadership of behavior awareness and volition, task motivation, and constructive cognition. Greater action planning was associated with performing and maintaining this exercise program for more than 6 months.

Conclusions
The results of the current study indicate that having self-leadership and action planning are significantly associated with performing and maintaining an exercise program.

Implication for Practice
We suggest that care providers try to increase self-leadership and action planning of patients with colorectal cancer to improve their self-management during long-term care.
Characteristics of Parents With High Expressed Emotion and Related Factors
Authors: Kageyama Masako , Solomon Phyllis 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
This study aimed to clarify characteristics of parents with high expressed emotion (EE) and related factors among parents of adults with schizophrenia. In total, 73 (25.3%) of the 289 parents had high EE (Family Attitude Scale [FAS] score ≥60), and 216 (74.7%) had low EE (FAS score <60). A multiple logistic regression analysis showed that high EE parents were more distressed (odds ratio [OR] = 1.27; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.16–1.39) and experienced more physical violence from their adult children with schizophrenia (OR = 2.86; 95% CI = 1.28–6.43); the children with schizophrenia had been hospitalized at time of survey (OR = 6.54; 95% CI = 1.10–38.89) and were less likely to attend rehabilitation services (OR = 2.56; 95% CI = 1.06–6.17). Practitioners need to provide crisis intervention, home-visiting services, and support services for parents during hospitalization of their children with schizophrenia.
Investigating the Link Between Pathological Narcissism and Somatization
Authors: Kealy David , Rice Simon M. , Ogrodniczuk John S. , Cox Daniel W. 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Although the self-image distortions and sensitivities of pathological narcissism have been theorized to contribute to somatization, limited empirical research has been devoted to this issue. The present study was developed to test the hypothesis that pathological narcissism contributes to somatic symptoms through increased hypervigiliance to physical sensations. A community sample of 248 adults completed measures of pathological narcissism, somatosensory amplification, somatic symptoms, and depression. Mediation analysis was conducted, controlling for depression, using 99% bootstrapped confidence intervals to examine the indirect effect of pathological narcissism on somatic symptoms via somatosensory amplification. Although pathological narcissism was not directly related to somatic symptoms, a significant indirect effect was observed for pathological narcissism on somatic symptoms via somatosensory amplification. This finding suggests that pathological narcissism contributes to physical hypersensitivity, in turn influencing perceptions of somatic distress. The role of narcissistic dysfunction in somatization indicates the importance of further research and potential clinical consideration.
How Music Impacts Visual Attention Training in Schizophrenia
Authors: Shagan Samuel , Shagan Dana , Shagan Brian , Fiszdon Joanna M. , Thime Warren , Haber Lawrence C. , Pearlson Godfrey D. , Choi Jimmy 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Music has been demonstrated to improve cognitive test performance in neuropsychiatric populations. However, the impact of music on cognitive training effects, and the importance of music preference, has yet to be studied. This is an essential oversight because many cognitive training programs play music in the background. We sought to determine if participant-preferred or random music would increase the efficacy of computer-based attention training (AT). Forty-eight patients with schizophrenia were randomly assigned to 2 weeks of either: 1) AT with participants' choice of background music, 2) AT with random background music, 3) AT without music, or 4) a no training or music control—watching videos without AT or music. All groups except the no training/no music control group demonstrated improvement in reaction time and response accuracy after training, with those participating in AT with their choice of music exhibiting greater gains than either of the other two AT groups. These findings suggest that complimenting AT with music, and allowing participants to choose the music, may increase the efficacy of AT.