bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PERSPECTIVES: Stroke survivors' views on the design of an early‐phase cell therapy trial for patients with chronic ischaemic stroke
Authors: Nagpal Anjali , Hillier Susan , Milton Austin G. , Hamilton‐Bruce Monica A. , Koblar Simon A. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundStem cell research holds the potential for a paradigm shift in the management of diseases such as stroke. Patient and public involvement in research (PPIR) can bring a focus to issues of clinical relevance and accelerate translation to real‐world clinical practice.ObjectiveA qualitative thematic analysis of the perspectives of stroke survivors regarding the conduct and design aspects of a proposed phase I clinical cell therapy study in stroke.DesignTwelve stroke survivors were purposively recruited in July 2016–August 2017 and participated in semi‐structured, face‐to‐face interviews for input into the design of a proposed phase I clinical study of autologous dental pulp stem cells. Concurrent thematic analysis was conducted until data saturation was achieved.Discussion and conclusionsParticipants conveyed that the most relevant outcomes to them were regaining participation, decreased dependence on caregivers and improvement in cognition, memory, mood, pain and fatigue. The perception of risk vs. benefit was likely influenced by the time elapsed since stroke, with participants being more willing to accept a higher level of risk early in the post‐stroke disease course. They believed that all stroke survivors should be given an opportunity to participate in research, irrespective of their cognitive capacity. A relatively small sample population of 12 stroke survivors was studied as thematic saturation was achieved. PERSPECTIVES study applied principles of PPIR to early‐phase cell research. Incorporation of outcomes relevant to patients' need within the study design is critical to generate data that will enable personalized application of regenerative medicine in stroke.
Role of Cu/S ratio and Mg doping on modification of structural and optical characteristics of nano CuS
Authors: Mohamed Mohamed Bakr , Abdel‐Kader Mohamed H. , Almarashi Jamal Q. M. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractNano CuS with different Cu to S ratio and also Mg‐doped nano CuS are prepared using a thermolysis procedure under nitrogen flows. The effect of changing copper to sulfur ratio in preparation of CuS under flowing nitrogen and also Mg‐doped CuS on the lattice parameters and crystallite size is studied using X‐ray diffraction data by applying the Rietveld profile method. Scanning electron microscope mapping is used to verify the distribution of different elements over undoped and doped CuS samples. Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy spectra confirm that the structure of CuS is not altered by doping or changing of the Cu to S ratio. In order to examine the effect of changes of Cu to S or Mg doping on the absorption behavior of nano CuS, ultraviolet spectroscopy is used. The energy gaps of different samples are determined using Tauc’s relation. The photoluminescence spectroscopy reveals that all samples exhibit violet and blue sub‐emissions except a CuS with Cu:S ratio 1:4 which also emits green sub‐emission.
Water holding capacity of sodium‐reduced chicken breast myofibrillar protein gel as affected by combined CaCl2 and high‐pressure processing
Authors: Wang Yu , Zhou Ying , Wang Xi‐xi , Li Pei‐jun , Xu Bao‐cai , Chen Cong‐gui 
Published: July 2019

SummaryThe water holding capacity (WHC) of sodium‐reduced (0.3 m sodium chloride, corresponding to the salt percentage (w/v) of 1.755%) myofibrillar protein (MP) gel in response to combined calcium chloride (CaCl2, 20, 60, 100 mm) and high‐pressure processing (HPP, 200 MPa, 10 min) was investigated. The results showed that 200 MPa + 20 mm CaCl2 synergistically increased the WHC of MP gel via reducing particle size of MP solutions, strengthening hydrogen‐bonding and disulphide‐bonding, promoting formation of β‐sheet and uncoiling of α‐helix, exposing tryptophan residues, enhancing hydrophobic interactions of aliphatic residues and forming a compact and continuous networked gel structure. However, high concentrations (≥60 mm) of CaCl2 could attenuate the enhancing effects of HPP on the WHC by inducing decreased hydrogen bonds, fewer tryptophan residues exposed and coarser and aggregated gel structures with large cavities. Therefore, a combined moderate HPP and low concentration of CaCl2 is a potential alternative for developing sodium‐reduced meat products.
Predictors of a long length of stay in the emergency department for older people
Authors: Sweeny Amy , Keijzers Gerben , O'Dwyer John , Arendts Glenn , Crilly Julia 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundDedicated geriatric models of care are becoming more prevalent due to the complexity of, and increase in, acute healthcare presentations for older patients. For older people, a long stay in the emergency department (ED) may reflect the complexity of their presentation, or deficiencies in systems that manage these complexities.AimsTo identify predictors of a long ED length of stay (LLoS) for patients ≥65 years old.MethodsLinked hospital information systems data from a large, public Australian ED were analysed in this retrospective cohort study. LLoS was defined as the 75th percentile (617 min). Multivariate regression identified LLoS predictors for admissions and discharges separately.ResultsOf 16 791 ED presentations made by older people, 4192 experienced a LLoS; 55% were admitted. Increasing age was associated with an increasing ED LoS. Factors most predictive of LLoS for both admitted and discharged patients included: investigations (both pathology and imaging), less urgent Australasian triage scale categories and after‐hours arrival. Ambulance arrival did not increase the risk of a LLoS for patients eventually admitted, but conferred nearly a twofold increased risk for a LLoS for discharged older persons (adjusted odds ratios = 1.9; 95% confidence interval 1.5–2.4).ConclusionsThis study assists clinicians and decision‐makers to identify reasons why older persons have a LLoS, whether admitted or discharged. Interventions to streamline care for older patients arriving after‐hours and who require imaging and pathology are required. LoS targets should consider age distribution. The use of ED LoS as a quality of care indicator should be assessed for admissions and discharges, separately.
CD93 is a cell surface lectin receptor involved in the control of the inflammatory response stimulated by exogenous DNA
Authors: Nativel Brice , Ramin‐Mangata Stéphane , Mevizou Rudy , Figuester Audrey , Andries Jessica , Iwema Thomas , Ikewaki Nobunao , Gasque Philippe , Viranaïcken Wildriss 
Published: July 2019

SummaryBacterial DNA contains CpG oligonucleotide (ODN) motifs to trigger innate immune responses through the endosomal receptor Toll‐like receptor 9 (TLR9). One of the cell surface receptors to capture and deliver microbial DNA to intracellular TLR9 is the C‐type lectin molecule DEC‐205 through its N‐terminal C‐type lectin‐like domain (CTLD). CD93 is a cell surface protein and member of the lectin group XIV with a CTLD. We hypothesized that CD93 could interact with CpG motifs, and possibly serve as a novel receptor to deliver bacterial DNA to endosomal TLR9. Using ELISA and tryptophan fluorescence binding studies we observed that the soluble histidine‐tagged CD93‐CTLD was specifically binding to CpG ODN and bacterial DNA. Moreover, we found that CpG ODN could bind to CD93‐expressing IMR32 neuroblastoma cells and induced more robust interleukin‐6 secretion when compared with mock‐transfected IMR32 control cells. Our data argue for a possible contribution of CD93 to control cell responsiveness to bacterial DNA in a manner reminiscent of DEC‐205. We postulate that CD93 may act as a receptor at plasma membrane for DNA or CpG ODN and to grant delivery to endosomal TLR9.
Allergic sensitization in patients with rhinitis and bronchial asthma in Ningxia region of China
Authors: Di Ling‐Ling , Wang Li‐Xin , Ma Xiao , Wen Wu‐Lin , Gao Xiao‐Ping 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundAllergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma are common allergic diseases. The pattern of dominant allergens depends on the degree of urbanization and the geographic region. The present study characterized the allergens of patients with allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma in Ningxia region of China.MethodsA total of 309 patients were enrolled in this study. Western blotting assays were performed of the serum samples to evaluate allergen‐specific IgE antibody for inhaled and ingested allergens. Statistical analysis was performed to compare the positive rate among different subgroups.ResultsAmong the 309 patients, 221 of them had positive test results. There were 157 positive cases for ingested allergens and 174 positive cases for inhaled allergens. No significant differences in positive rates were found between the ingested and inhaled allergens. Among the inhaled allergens, Artemisia was the most frequent allergen, followed by fungi and dog hair. Cashew was the most common ingested allergen, followed by crab, mango, and beef. Further analysis showed no significant differences in positive rate between males and females. However, significant differences in positive rate of inhaled and ingested allergens were found between children (1‐13 years old) and adults (above 18 years old) (P < .05), while no significant differences were found between the children and teenagers (14‐18 years old). For the comparison between teenagers and adults, significant difference in positive rate was found only in the ingested allergen.ConclusionThis study provided the characteristics of allergens in Ningxia population, providing clinical and epidemiological data for prevention and treatment of the diseases in the region.
Pharmacist‐led medication review in community‐dwelling older patients using the GheOP3S‐tool: General practitioners' acceptance and implementation of pharmacists' recommendations
Authors: Foubert Katrien , Mehuys Els , Maesschalck Joris , De Wulf Isabelle , Wuyts Joke , Foulon Veerle , Lelubre Mélanie , De Vriese Carine , Somers Annemie , Petrovic Mirko , Boussery Koen 
Published: July 2019

AbstractRationale, aims, and objectivesThe Ghent Older People's Prescriptions community Pharmacy Screening (GheOP3S)‐tool was recently developed as an explicit screening tool to detect drug‐related problems (DRPs) and to help in performing medication reviews. In this study, we aimed (a) to describe the characteristics of the detected DRPs and the subsequent pharmacists' recommendations with their acceptance and implementation rate resulting from a pharmacist‐led medication review using the GheOP3S‐tool and (b) to assess the potential impact of the intervention.MethodProspective observational study in community‐dwelling older patients (70 years or older, using five or more medications). Community pharmacists performed medication reviews resulting in the documentation of “GheOP3S‐related DRPs” and “other DRPs” with corresponding pharmacists' recommendations. Acceptance was recorded during face‐to‐face pharmacist‐general practitioner (GP) meetings. Implementation was assessed after a 3‐month follow‐up by consulting the electronic pharmacy record, the patient, and/or GP. The potential impact on the number of medications, the number of “GheOP3S‐related DRPs”, the anticholinergic and sedative burden quantified by the Drug Burden Index (DBI), and medication costs was assessed by a pre‐post comparison of the patients' medication lists.ResultsTwenty‐one pharmacists detected 470 DRPs with a median (IQR) of 6 (4‐8) per patient in 75 patients (about half “GheOP3S‐related DRPs” and half “other DRPs”). Most prevalent recommendations were stopping (22.9%) and substituting (18.9%) medication. Overall acceptance was 66.9%. At follow‐up, 42.9% of all recommendations were implemented. The number of GheOP3S‐criteria (P < .001) and the DBI scores (P = .033) significantly differed from baseline. This was not the case for the number of chronic medications and medication costs.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates a relatively high acceptance of pharmacists' recommendations, although implementation could be improved. Pharmacist‐led medication reviews with multidisciplinary meetings using the GheOP3S‐tool can have a potential impact on the number of DRPs and the anticholinergic and sedative burden of patients.
Perceptions of patient‐centred care among providers and patients in the orthopaedic department of a tertiary care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan
Authors: Rahman Rahbel , Matthews Elizabeth B. , Ahmad Alizeh , Rizvi Syeda Mahnoor , Salama Umme , Samad Lubna , Khan Mansoor 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectiveThis study examined the perspectives of 18 health care providers (nurses, consultant doctors, residents, radiologists, and physiotherapists) and 18 patients regarding best practices for patient‐centred care (PCC) in a free private hospital in Pakistan, studying the congruence between provider and patient perspectives.MethodsSix focus group interviews (FGIs) were conducted from January to March 2017: three with providers and three with patients. Focus group interviews were audio‐recorded and transcribed verbatim. A deductive approach was used to analyse the data using the key dimensions of Scholl's framework, which was then complemented with constant comparison analysis to explore variability and similarity among participants across the six focus groups.ResultsFindings indicated that providers and patients acknowledged maintaining a collaborative relationship with patients by using empathy. Patients and providers agreed that providers allocated time to counsel the patient and alleviated their fears. Family involvement was seen as a key indicator in decision making for patients. Some discrepancies were found between patient and provider perceptions of inhibitors to PCC, notably a lack of teamwork exhibited by providers and continuity of care offered postdischarge.ConclusionsWe recommend practices of PCC that are congruent with non‐Western settings where religion and family play a primary role in matters dealing with patients' illnesses. Our findings suggest the need for recurrent training to improve teamwork among providers; questioning the implicit agreement of patients who may be vulnerable to decision making of authoritarian figures in their family; and the inclusion of peer‐support workers or community health workers to offer aftercare support to patients in their home.
Nbseptin2 Expression Pattern and Its Interaction with NbPTP1 during Microsporidia Nosema bombycis Polar Tube Extrusion
Authors: Liu Fangyan , Chen Jie , Dang Xiaoqun , Meng Xianzhi , Wang Rong , Bao Jialing , Long Mengxian , Li Tian , Ma Qiang , Huang Jun , Pan Guoqing , Zhou Zeyang 
Published: July 2019

AbstractNosema bombycis (Nb) is a deadly species of microsporidia capable of causing pébrine, leading to heavy losses in sericulture. Germination is an important biological event in the invasion process of microsporidia. Septins, a family of membrane‐associated proteins, play a critical role in tissue invasion and have been recognized as a virulence factor in numerous pathogens. Previous work in our laboratory has shown that Nosema bombycis septin2 (Nbseptin2) interacts with subtilisin‐like protease 2 (NbSLP2). Herein, we found that Nbseptin2 was mainly associated with the plasma membrane in spores. Following spore germination, Nbseptin2 was found to co‐localize with polar tube protein 1 (NbPTP1) at the polar cap and proximal zone of the polar tube. Co‐immunoprecipitation and yeast two‐hybrid analysis further confirmed that Nbseptin2 interacted with NbPTP1. The translocation and interaction of Nbseptin2 in the spores suggest that Nbseptin2 may play a significant role in microsporidia polar tube extrusion process. Our findings improve understanding of the mechanisms underlying microsporidia germination.
Prediction of 28‐day mortality in acute decompensation of cirrhosis through the presence of multidrug‐resistant infections at admission
Authors: Gupta Tarana , Lochan Dibya , Verma Nipun , Rathi Sahaj , Agrawal Swastik , Duseja Ajay , Taneja Sunil , Chawla Yogesh K , Dhiman Radha K 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackground and AimThe aim of this study is to evaluate the epidemiology and impact of bacterial infections at admission in patients with acute decompensation (AD) of cirrhosis.MethodsA cohort with AD of cirrhosis (European Association for the Study of the Liver criteria) admitted at a tertiary center was evaluated between 2013 and 2014 for the presence of bacterial infections at admission. Clinical, demographic, and microbiological data were collected prospectively till death, transplant, or 90 days.ResultsOf 179 patients with AD, 102 (56.9%) had bacterial infections at admission. The commonest infections were spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) (n = 65; 63.7%), spontaneous bacteremia (n = 10; 9.8%), pneumonia (n = 9; 8.8%), urinary tract infection (n = 8; 7.8%), spontaneous bacterial empyema (n = 4; 3.9%), and cellulitis (n = 2; 1.9%). The commonest source was community acquired (n = 85; 83.3%). Serum albumin and sodium levels were lower in infected as compared with non‐infected cohort (P = 0.015; for both). Escherichia coli was the commonest organism isolated from SBP (n = 14; 21.5%), urinary tract infection (n = 5; 45.5%), and bacteremia (n = 3; 20%). There was a trend toward higher 28‐day mortality in infected cohort as compared with non‐infected cohort (48 [52.7%] vs 28 [32%]; P = 0.152). Multidrug‐resistant organisms (MDROs) were isolated in 63% of all culture‐positive infections. The presence of MDRO was an independent predictor of 28‐day mortality.ConclusionsInfections are the leading reason for the occurrence of AD; SBP is the most common infection, and E. coli is the commonest microorganism based on this single‐center study of Indian patients with AD of cirrhosis. There is a high prevalence of MDROs among culture‐positive infections that independently predict 28‐day mortality in AD of cirrhosis.
Doppler ultrasonography: A non‐invasive method used to diagnose and follow up patients with chronic hepatitis C
Authors: da Silva Franco Karen Margarete Vieira , Vieira Waldonio Brito , Dias Apio Ricardo Nazareth , Falcão Aline Semblano Carreira , Falcão Luiz Fábio Magno , Quaresma Juarez Antônio Simões 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackground and AimThis study aimed to investigate the association between the findings of Doppler ultrasonography and transient elastography using FibroScan and to determine the cut‐off points, sensitivity, and specificity of resistance indices, and pulsatility of the hepatic vessels to predict significant hepatic fibrosis.MethodsThis is a transversal, observational, and analytical study that includes 30 patients with chronic hepatitis C who were admitted at a public referral hospital. Transient elastography and ultrasonographic data were collected, and the linear association between these methods was evaluated using the Pearson test. Various Doppler velocimetric indices were compared according to the presence/absence of significant (≥ F2) fibrosis.ResultsThere was a moderate‐strong linear association between the FibroScan data and the Doppler velocimetric indices and splenic index in the hepatic vessels; the mean values of the indices differed between groups with absent/mild (F0/F1) and significant (≥ F2) hepatic fibrosis. There was an association between the monophasic and biphasic wave pattern of the suprahepatic veins and the stratification of hepatic fibrosis estimated by the values of kilopascal in FibroScan.ConclusionDoppler ultrasonography is a non‐invasive method used to evaluate liver fibrosis, and it presents acceptable sensitivity/specificity for the prediction of fibrosis ≥ F2 in patients with chronic hepatitis C.
Factors Associated With Becoming Edentulous in the US Health and Retirement Study
Authors: Weintraub Jane A. , Orleans Brian , Fontana Margherita , Phillips Ceib , Jones Judith A. 
Published: July 2019

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVETo determine factors associated with older adults becoming edentulous (complete tooth loss).DESIGNLongitudinal study over a 6‐year period.SETTINGUnited States, 2006, 2012.PARTICIPANTSNationally representative US sample of adults, aged 50 years and older (n = 9982), participating in the Health and Retirement Study in 2006 and 2012. At the outset, they were dentate and not institutionalized.INTERVENTIONNone.MEASUREMENTSSelf‐report of being dentate or edentulous, demographic variables, dental utilization and other health behaviors, self‐rated general health, and incidence between 2006 and 2012 of comorbid medical conditions, functional limitations, and disabilities.RESULTSFrom 2006 to 2012, 563 individuals (5%) became edentulous and 9419 (95%) remained dentate. Adults who became edentulous by 2012 were more likely than those who remained dentate to be black/African American compared to white, to be less educated, were current smokers, had diabetes, and reported poorer self‐rated general health, more functional limitations and disabilities, and fewer dental visits (all P < .0001), among other factors. Of those with regular dental visits (at least once every 2 years during the 6‐year period), 2.3% became edentulous compared to 9.9% among those without regular dental visits. After adjusting for age and other potential confounders, there was a strong association with poor dental attendance and smoking. Nonregular dental attenders were more likely than regular attenders to become edentulous (odds ratio [OR] = 2.74; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.12‐3.53), and current smokers were more likely than never smokers to become edentulous (OR = 2.46; 95% CI = 1.74‐3.46).CONCLUSIONAlthough more contemporaneous data are needed to determine causality, regular dental utilization and smoking are modifiable factors that could prevent edentulism, even when many other comorbid conditions are present. J Am Geriatr Soc, 1–7, 2019. J Am Geriatr Soc 67:2318–2324, 2019
Eating behaviour patterns are associated with excessive weight gain after liver transplantation
Authors: Ferreira S. C. , Penaforte F. R. O. , Cardoso A. S. R. , da Silva M. V. T. , Lima A. S. , Correia M. I. T. D. , Anastácio L. R. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundWeight gain and obesity are important issues in liver transplant (LTx) recipients. Although dietary habits are probably related to excessive weight gain after LTx, some studies have failed to demonstrate these associations. The present study aimed to assess eating behaviour and verify its association with weight gain and excessive weight among LTx recipients.MethodsThe investigation comprised a cross‐sectional study. Post‐LTx patients, aged >18 years were evaluated about their eating behaviour [Three Factor Eating Questionnaire–R21 (TFEQ‐R21)]. The scores of the TFEQ‐R21 [uncontrolled eating (UE), cognitive restraint (CR) and emotional eating (EE)] were determined. Excessive weight was classified as body mass index ≥25 kg/m² and obesity ≥30 kg/m².ResultsIn total, 270 patients (age 58.0 years; range 20.0–77.0 years; 64.1% men) were assessed. Average weight gain was 8.0 kg (range −16.0 to 41.0 kg). Of the patients, 64.1% (n = 173) had excessive weight and 23.3% (n = 63) were obese. Post‐LTx weight gain was significantly correlated with UE (r = 0.311, P < 0.001) and EE (r = 0.287, P < 0.001). Patients with excessive weight had significantly higher scores than others: CR (61.0; range 0–122.0 versus 44.0; range 0–116.0) (P = 0.003) and EE (11.0; range 0–100.0 versus 0.0; range 0–100.0) (P = 0.030). Patients with obesity had higher scores than non‐obese UE (22.0; range 0–77.0 versus 14.0; range 0–85.0; P = 0.028), CR (55.0; range 11.0–116.0 versus 50.0; range 0–122.0) (P = 0.017) and EE (16.0; range 0–100.0 versus 5.0; range 0–100.0) individuals (P < 0.001). The greatest quartiles of weight gain had higher scores on the eating behaviours of UE and EE, especially those with weight gain ≥14 kg. UE was associated with weight gain. CR was associated with being overweight. EE was associated with obesity.ConclusionsUncontrolled eating is associated with weight gain, CR was associated with excessive weight and EE was associated with obesity after LTx.