bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic pitfalls of acute eosinophilic pneumonia in an adolescent boy following cigarette smoking
Authors: Choo Cheryn Yu Wei , Wong Kin-Sun , Lai Shen-Hao , Chiu Chun-Che , Chiu Chih-Yung 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Acute eosinophilic pneumonia (AEP) is characterized by acute febrile respiratory symptoms, bilateral lung infiltrates, and pulmonary eosinophilia. AEP is closely related to cigarette smoking but is rarely suspected in pediatric cases despite the fact that there is a relatively high incidence of cigarette smoking among adolescents in Taiwan.

Patient concerns:
We report a case of a previously healthy 15-year-old boy who presented with fever and acute progressive dyspnea. Due to lack of awareness of cigarette smoking history in adolescents and the nonspecific signs and symptoms of AEP at early stages, the patient was initially treated as community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) but was unresponsive to antibiotics treatment.

Diagnoses:
A combination of a recent onset smoking history and pulmonary eosinophilia on bronchoalveolar lavage confirmed the diagnosis of cigarette-induced AEP.

Interventions:
Corticosteroid treatment was prescribed.

Outcomes:
The condition improved within 24 hours, with resolution of alveolar infiltrates on chest radiographs.

Lessons:
With the increasing incidence of smoking amongst adolescents in Taiwan, careful history questioning regarding cigarette smoking is necessary. Due to similarities in initial clinical and radiographic features of AEP and CAP, adolescents with suspected CAP who are unresponsive to antibiotic treatment but have a subsequent rise in peripheral eosinophils should raise the clinician's suspicion of AEP related to cigarette smoking.
Effectiveness comparison of a Chinese dicitraditionalmene formula Wuzi Yanzong Pill and its analogous prescriptions for the treatment of oligoasthenozoospermia
Authors: Li Yongqiang , Xue Yahui , Bao Binghao , Wang Jisheng , Dai Hengheng , Gong Xiaoyong , Zheng Wei , Li Yanfeng , Zhang Bao 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Background:
Among male sterility factors, oligoasthenozoospermia is the most common. As people's lifestyle changes and the population ages, the incidence of oligoasthenozoospermia continues to increase. The studies have shown that about 15% of married couples in the world are affected by infertility, among which infertility caused by male factors alone accounts for about 50%. Many clinical trials have proven that Wuzi Yanzong Pill has a significant effect in the treatment of oligoasthenozoospermia. In this systematic review, we aim to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Wuzi Yanzong Pill for oligoasthenozoospermia.

Methods:
We will search for PubMed, Cochrane Library, AMED, EMbase, WorldSciNet; Nature, Science online, and China Journal Full-text Database (CNKI), China Biomedical Literature CD-ROM Database (CBM), and related randomized controlled trials included in the China Resources Database. The time is limited from the construction of the library to April 2019. We will use the criteria provided by Cochrane 5.1.0 for quality assessment and risk assessment of the included studies, and use the Revman 5.3 and Stata13.0 software for meta-analysis of the effectiveness, recurrence rate, and symptom scores of oligoasthenozoospermia.

Ethics and dissemination:
This systematic review will evaluate the efficacy and safety of Wuzi Yanzong Pill for treating oligoasthenozoospermia. Because all of the data used in this systematic review and meta-analysis has been published, this review does not require ethical approval. Furthermore, all data will be analyzed anonymously during the review process Trial.

Trial registration number:
PROSPERO CRD42019119170
Risk of silent myocardial ischemia detected by single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) among asymptomatic Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Xiao-Rong Zhu , Hui-Rong Zhang , Mei Li , Zhen Zhou , Wei Liu , Jing Lu , Guang-Ran Yang , Jian-Bo Zhou , Jin-Kui Yang 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
To explore the prevalence and risk factors of silent myocardial ischemia (SMI) detected by using single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) in Chinese asymptomatic patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).
In this hospital-based retrospective study, 821 T2D patients who were screened for SMI detected by stress myocardial perfusion imaging using SPECT between June 2014 and July 2016 were investigated. Clinical indicators were compared between the patients with SMI and controls without SMI. Risk factors for SMI were evaluated by univariate and multivariate analysis.
In this study, there were 131 patients with SMI in asymptomatic diabetes and the prevalence of SMI was 21.3% of 614 individuals. Logistic regression analysis indicated that diabetic retinopathy (OR = 1.474, 95%CI: 1.113–1.951, P = .007), male gender (OR = 1.805, 95%CI: 1.183–2.747, P = .006), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (OR = 1.298, 95%CI: 1.042–1.615, P = .02) were risk factors associated with SMI. Besides, the prevalence of SMI increased in associated with the progression of retinopathy (P = .041). The percentage of SMI diagnosed in patients with no diabetic retinopathy (NDR), non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR), and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) were 18.5% (75/405), 25.2% (37/147), and 30.6% (19/62), respectively. The percentage of SMI in male (24.5%, 85/347) was higher than that in female (17.2%, 46/267), P = .029.
Physicians should be aware of these conditions when examining male patients with type 2 diabetes, especially with DR and/or high level of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL cholesterol), even if otherwise asymptomatic. A routine screening for SMI may thus be considered advisable in these patients.
Hemostatic effect and psychological impact of an oxidized regenerated cellulose patch after transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy
Authors: Park Ji Woon , Kim Jung Im , Bae Sang Rak , Lee Yong Seok , Han Chang Hee , Kang Sung Hak , Park Bong Hee 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
To investigate the usefulness of the oxidized regenerated cellulose patch (ORCP) for postbiopsy hemostasis, anxiety, and depression in patients undergoing transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy.
This was a prospective-retrospective study of 300 patients who underwent systematic 12-core prostate biopsy from August 2016 through March 2018. The ORCP was inserted into the rectum immediately after prostate biopsy in the prospective group (n = 150), while the retrospective group (n = 150) underwent prostate biopsy alone. The frequency rate and duration of hematuria, rectal bleeding, and hematospermia were compared between the 2 groups. Anxiety and depression were assessed with the hospital anxiety and depression scale before and after prostate biopsy in the prospective group.
The frequency rates of hematuria and hematospermia showed no significant differences between the prospective versus retrospective groups (64.7% vs 66.7%, P = .881; 18 vs 20%, P = .718; respectively). Frequency of rectal bleeding was significantly lower in the prospective group than in the retrospective group (26.7% vs 42.7%, P = .018). However, there were no significant differences in median duration of rectal bleeding, hematuria, or hematospermia between the 2 groups (2, 5, and 2 days vs 2, 7, and 1 day, P > .05, respectively, for the prospective vs retrospective group). Multivariate analysis found that ORCP insertion was a significant protective factor against postbiopsy rectal bleeding (P = .038, odds ratio 0.52). Only anxiety level in the prospective group before versus after prostate biopsy was significantly reduced (5 vs 4, P = .011).
ORCP insertion after prostate biopsy is an effective and simple method for decreasing rectal bleeding. ORCP insertion may also alleviate anxiety in patients undergoing prostate biopsy.
Percutaneous endoscopic decompression for lumbar spinal stenosis
Authors: Liu Jianjun , Zhang Hongwei , Zhang Xiaogang , He Tao , Zhao Xiyun , Wang Zhipeng 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Background:
Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) is a common and frequently-occurring disease in clinical practice. There are many interventions to treat it, and percutaneous endoscopic decompression (PED) is one of them, but their relative efficacy and safety remains unclear. Hence, the present study aims to synthesize the available direct and indirect evidence on the PED and other treatments for LSS.

Methods:
The following databases will be searched: Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and China Biomedical Literature Database (CBM). The search dates will be set from the inception to April 2019. All randomized controlled trials (RCTs) will be included in this network meta-analysis (NMA) and their risk of bias will be assessed using Cochrane handbook tool by 2 independent authors. The efficacy outcomes including: Back and Leg Visual Analog Scale (VAS) score, MacNab criteria, the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) score. The safety outcomes including: incidence of complications (dura tear, incomplete decompression, reoperation, etc.). A network meta-analysis will be performed using R x64 3.5.1 software and pairwise meta-analysis will be conducted using Stata 12.0 software. Grading of recommendations assessment, development, and evaluation (GRADE) will be used to assess evidence quality.

Results:
The results of NMA will be submitted to a peer-reviewed journal.

Conclusion:
The NMA will provide a comprehensive evidence summary on treatments for patients with LSS.

Protocol registration number:
CRD42019120509.
Three-dimensional navigation (O-arm) versus fluoroscopy in the treatment of thoracic spinal stenosis with ultrasonic bone curette
Authors: Wen Bing-Tao , Chen Zhong-Qiang , Sun Chui-Guo , Jin Kai-Ji , Zhong Jun , Liu Xin , Tan Lei , Yang Peng , le Geri , Luo Man 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Three-dimensional intraoperative navigation (O-arm) has been used for many years in spinal surgeries and has significantly improved its precision and safety. This retrospective study compared the efficacy and safety of spinal cord decompression surgeries performed with O-arm navigation and fluoroscopy. The clinical data of 56 patients with thoracic spinal stenosis treated from March 2015 to April 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. Spinal decompression was performed with O-arm navigation and ultrasonic bone curette in 29 patients, and with ultrasonic bone curette and fluoroscopy in 27 patients. Patients were followed-up at postoperative 1 month, 3 months, and the last clinic visit. The neurologic functions were assessed using the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) Back Pain Evaluation Questionnaire. The accuracy of screw placement was examined using three-dimensional computed tomography (CT) on postoperative day 5. There was no significant difference in the incidences of intraoperative dural tear, nerve root injury, and spinal cord injury between the two groups. The two groups showed no significant difference in postoperative JOA scores (P > .05). The O-arm navigation group had significantly higher screw placement accuracy than the fluoroscopy group (P < .05). O-arm navigation is superior to fluoroscopy in the treatment of thoracic spinal stenosis with ultrasonic bone curette in terms of screw placement accuracy. However, the two surgical modes have similar rates of intraoperative complications and postoperative neurologic functions.
A case report of double etiology of ecthyma gangrenosum
Authors: Birlutiu Victoria , Birlutiu Rares Mircea , Baicu Marius , Iancu Gabriela Mariana 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Ecthyma gangrenosum is a cutaneous infection, most commonly occurring during sepsis evolution with Pseudomonas aeruginosa on an immunocompromised background. There have been rare case reports in previously healthy children and rarer are the cases with double etiology.

Patient concerns:
We present the case of a female Caucasian patient, aged 1 year and 8 months, who developed severe sepsis during flu evolution with predominant respiratory and cerebral manifestations. On admission, at skin level, there was noticed a necrotic coccygeal ulceration (with rapid increasing dimensions 0.5/0.5 cm in 24 hours), and with the transformation from a dry necrosis in a sphacelus at the periphery and progression of necrosis in depth.

Diagnoses:
The patient was diagnosed with ecthyma gangrenosum from which Pseudomonsa aeruginosa and Enterococcus faecalis were isolated from the samples that were harvested intraoperatively, decision that was taken considering the appearance of CT scan and the extremely rapid expansion of necrosis. Excisional debridement with necrectomy, lavage, and dressing being performed. The invasion of the fascia was excluded intraoperatively.

Interventions:
Treatment with Meropenem for 14 days was initiated, as well as amikacin and linezolid, the latter being replaced with teicoplanin for 14 days. Red blood cells transfusion, intravenous immunoglobulins, anticonvulsants were also administered.

Outcomes:
Under treatment the evolution was favorable.

Lessons:
This case brings into discussion a double etiology of ecthyma gangrenosum, in a previously healthy child that occurred in the evolution of influenza. The evolution was favorable under broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment and surgical excision.
Effects of preoperative oral carbohydrates on patients undergoing ESD surgery under general anesthesia
Authors: Wang Yan , Zhu Zhenqiang , Li Hui , Sun Yaqi , Xie Guohao , Cheng Baoli , Ji Feng , Fang Xiangming 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Background:
Preoperative oral carbohydrate (POC) has been recommended as an important element of the enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol, but its effect on patients undergoing endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) remains unclear. Our study aims to investigate the effects of POC for ESD surgery, with particular focus on perioperative well-being and gastric peristalsis.

Methods:
A prospective, randomized, and controlled study of patients undergoing ESD was conducted. Seventy-three patients were assigned to 2 groups: experiment (36 patients) and control (37 patients). The experiment group received oral carbohydrate solution 710 mL the night before and 355 mL 2 hours prior to operation. The control group fasted for 10 hours prior to operation. Gastric empty assessment, peristaltic score, and operation score were measured. In addition, visual analogue scale (VAS) scores for 6 parameters (thirst, hunger, mouth dryness, nausea, vomit, and weakness) of wellbeing were compared perioperatively. Preoperative basic conditions of patients, postoperative complications, and their clinical outcomes were also recorded.

Results:
Before anesthesia induction, gastric sonography score was higher in experiment group, while sucked fluid by gastroscopy was similar between 2 groups. And no patient had regurgitation. Moreover, gastric peristaltic score and operation score before operation were both lower in experiment group. Importantly, VAS scores for 3 parameters (thirst, hunger, and mouth dryness) were significantly lower in experiment patients. In addition, clinical outcomes including first time exhaust, first time for drinking water, the usage of hemostasis, postoperative complication, lengths of hospital stay, and in-hospital expense were not significantly different between 2 groups.

Conclusions:
Oral administration of carbohydrates preoperatively instead of fasting improves the feelings of thirst, hunger, and mouth dryness in patients following ESD surgery without enhancing risk of regurgitation. And, avoiding preoperative fasting with POC can decrease the degree of gastric peristalsis that may facilitate the successful completion of ESD surgery.
Efficacy and safety of moxibustion in patients with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome
Authors: Cao Qianan , Zhou Xu , Chen Jianrong , Zhong Yuting , Zhang Haifeng , Ao Qi , Liu Meilu , Nie Heyun , Zhu Weifeng , Fu Yong 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Background:
Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) is a common urogenital disease. Moxibustion is a complementary treatment option for CP/CPPS. This systematic review will assess the efficacy and safety of moxibustion as a sole or add-on therapy for CP/CPPS.

Methods:
We will retrieve randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of moxibustion for CP/CPPS from the following databases: PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, VIP, Chinese Biomedical Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database, Wanfang Data, Chinese Medicine Database System, Google Scholar, Clinicaltrials.gov, and China Clinical Trial Registry from their inception to March 9, 2019, without language restrictions. RCTs comparing moxibustion with active drugs or moxibustion + drugs with these same drugs alone will be included. Primary outcomes will be the change in the total score of the National Institutes of Health's Chronic Prostatic Inflammatory States Index (NIH-CPSI) after moxibustion treatment. Secondary outcomes will include the scores of the individual NIH-CPSI domains, response to treatment of CP/CPPS, leucocyte and phosphatidylcholine corpuscle count in prostatic fluid, incidence of adverse events (AEs), and incidence of moxibustion-related AEs. The Cochrane risk of bias tool will be used for evaluating the risk of bias of individual trials. Heterogeneity will be detected by the Cochran Q test and I-square test. A random-effects model will be used to pool data in the meta-analysis. Risk ratio and weighted or standardized mean difference will be used as the effect measures. Three sets of subgroup analyses will be performed to explore the sources of heterogeneity. Where appropriate, we will assess the likelihood of publication bias based on funnel plots and quantitative tests.

Results:
This study will produce the systematic review evidence regarding moxibustion for treating CP/CPPS based on current RCTs.

Conclusion:
This study will provide a clear basis for understanding the efficacy and adverse reactions of moxibustion treatment for CP/CPPS.

PROSPERO registration number:
CRD42019121338.
Treatment of urinary incontinence after total hysterectomy with acupuncture
Authors: Sun Jiejing , Zhang Xiaoqi , Cao Tiemin , Song Yaohong 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Acupuncture is a significant feature of traditional Chinese medicine, which can dredge the channels, harmonize qi and blood, replenish deficiency and relieve excess, strengthen the body and remove pathogens to treat urinary incontinence after hysterectomy, and improve the quality of life, which is simple, convenient, inexpensive, and practical.

Patient concerns:
After a total hysterectomy, the catheter was retained every day, causing urinary incontinence and elderly urine wetness for 30 days.

Diagnoses:
Postoperative urinary incontinence for 1 month; type 2 diabetes for 4 years. Hypertension for 2 years.

Interventions:
From the first month after operation, acupuncture on bilateral, Ciliao (BL32), Zhongliao (BL33), and Xialiao (BL34).

Outcomes:
The patient experienced bladder fullness on the 2nd day. On the 3rd day, the patient could arose from bed and urinated on her own. On the 4th day, she could urinate freely. The time and frequency of urination were normal.

Lessons:
acupuncture is safe and effective mode for the treatment of urinary incontinence issues after total hysterectomy. It greatly improves the quality of life and daily wellbeing.
The biomarkers and potential pathogenesis of lung cancer related cerebral hemorrhage
Authors: Qin Kemin , Chen Yicong , Long Haiyin , Chen Jiyun , Wang Dacheng , Chen Li , Liang Zhijian 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Cerebral hemorrhage is one of the common complications in patients with lung cancer (LC). Although cancer related cerebral hemorrhage was aware, the pathogenesis and biomarkers of lung cancer related cerebral hemorrhage (LCRCH) remained not well known. The aim of this study was to investigate the pathogenesis and plasma biomarkers of LCRCH.
A retrospective review was conducted on acute cerebral hemorrhage patients with active LC who was admitted to the hospital between January 2007 and December 2017. A total of 56 patients with LCRCH (active LC patients with acute cerebral hemorrhage but without conventional vascular risks) was recruited. Meanwhile, 112 patients with active LC alone and gender, age, and subtype of cancer cell matched were recruited as control group.
In LCRCH patients, most of the hemorrhagic lesions were located in lobes. And most of them with adenocarcinoma were in medium to terminal stage with poor prognosis short-term. Moreover, LCRCH patients had a lengthened prothrombin time (PT), elevated plasma carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), cancer antigen 125 (CA125) and cancer antigen 199 (CA199) levels and decreased platelet (PLT) level than did the patients with LC. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that lengthened PT, elevated plasm CEA, and CA199 levels were independent risk factors for LCRCH.
It was suggested that lengthened PT, elevated plasm CEA and CA199 levels associated with the pathogenesis of LCRCH, and that the Index derived from independent risks should be serve as a specific biomarker of LCRCH.
Intranasal lidocaine for acute migraine
Authors: Chi Pei-Wen , Hsieh Kun-Yi , Tsai Chien-Wei , Hsu Chin-Wang , Bai Chyi-Huey , Chen Chiehfeng , Hsu Yuan-Pin 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Background:
Intranasal lidocaine has been shown to be effective in treating patients with acute migraines; however, its efficacy is still controversial. The aim of our study is to assess the efficacy and safety of intranasal lidocaine compared with a placebo or an active comparator for the treatment of acute migraine.

Methods:
We will use PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane library, and Scopus databases to search for articles from their inceptions to November 2018. We will only include randomized controlled studies. Data were independently will be extracted by 2 reviewers. Data analysis and synthesis will be analyzed by the Revman 5.3 software. We will conduct the study in accordance with the guideline of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols.

Results:
This review will evaluate the efficacy and safety of intranasal lidocaine for acute migraine. The primary outcome is pain intensity measured by visual analogue, numerical rating scale, or verbal rating scale. Secondary outcomes are success rate, requirement of rescue medicine, relapse, and adverse events.

Conclusion:
The findings of this systematic review will summarize the latest evidence of intranasal lidocaine for acute migraine. The results will provide implications for clinical practice and further research.

Prospero registration number: CRD42018116226
Platelet–lymphocyte ratio is not a prognostic predictor for acute paraquat-intoxicated patients
Authors: Wang Wen Jie , Cao Zong Xun , Feng Shun Yi , Song Ya Qi , Zhang Su Li , Bai Wen Jing , Li Yong 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the prognostic predictive value of the platelet–lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in patients with acute paraquat (PQ) intoxication.
A total of 107 patients with acute PQ intoxication via oral ingestion were admitted in Cangzhou Central Hospital from May 2012 to September 2018. Valuable detection indices were screened out by using Cox proportional hazard regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses, and their diagnostic efficiency was evaluated by using Kaplan–Meier curve.
The 90-day mortality was 58.9% (63/107). The Kaplan–Meier curve showed that PLR was not associated with 90-day survival (log-rank test; P = .661). In Cox proportional hazard regression analyses, PLR was not an independent risk factor. Meanwhile, the ROC curves showed that PLR had an AUC value of 0.569 (95% confidence interval: 0.459–0.679, P = .227) in predicting 90-day survival.
PLR is not a prognostic predictor for patients with acute PQ intoxication.