bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In‐Plane Heterostructures Enable Internal Stress Assisted Strain Engineering in 2D Materials
Authors: Liu Feng , Wang Tzu‐Chiang , Tang Qiheng 
Published: March 2018

AbstractConventional methods to induce strain in 2D materials can hardly catch up with the sharp increase in requirements to design specific strain forms, such as the pseudomagnetic field proposed in graphene, funnel effect of excitons in MoS2, and also the inverse funnel effect reported in black phosphorus. Therefore, a long‐standing challenge in 2D materials strain engineering is to find a feasible scheme that can be used to design given strain forms. In this article, combining the ability of experimentally synthetizing in‐plane heterostructures and elegant Eshelby inclusion theory, the possibility of designing strain fields in 2D materials to manipulate physical properties, which is called internal stress assisted strain engineering, is theoretically demonstrated. Particularly, through changing the inclusion's size, the stress or strain gradient can be controlled precisely, which is never achieved. By taking advantage of it, the pseudomagnetic field as well as the funnel effect can be accurately designed, which opens an avenue to practical applications for strain engineering in 2D materials.
Proposition 65 warning regulations must change—and soon!
Authors: Bergeson Lynn L. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractProposition 65 (Prop 65) is very much a part of the “right‐to‐know” landscape in California and, as we all know, Prop 65 warnings are especially visible in that state. This much is clear. What may be less clear are the sweeping changes in the “clear and reasonable warning” requirements now scheduled to take effect from August 30, 2018. This date may seem like a long way off, but it is right around the corner in terms of coming into compliance with these dramatic changes. This Washington Watch column summarizes the new warning requirements and the reasons why companies need to focus now on these changes.
Service quality evaluation in the context of a technology laboratory
Authors: da Silva Marcelo Benetti Correa , Pagnussat Daniel Tregnago , Milan Gabriel Sperandio , Bebber Suélen , Rauber Mariana Rezzadori , Graciola Ana Paula 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe intent of this research is to investigate how the customers of a technological control laboratory for civil construction materials perceived the quality of the services delivered by the lab, specifically in regard to the service of concrete compression testing. The popular SERVQUAL scale, a multidimensional instrument used to capture customer expectations and perceptions, was used as a model for the application of a survey. Exploratory factor analyses were employed to evaluate customers’ perceptions and experiences of service quality in regard to the dimensions and accompanying attributes of the SERVQUAL scale. Twenty attributes, which were grouped within five dimensions (Reliability, Assurance, Tangibles, Responsiveness, and Empathy), were identified, explaining 80.417% of the variance between customer expectations and perceptions and characterizing these dimensions on a modified SERVQUAL scale. Analysis of the results allowed us to identify discrepancies in perceived service quality compared with customers’ expectations. Most of the identified gaps between expectations and perceptions resulted in negative values.
A Clinical Decision Support Tool to Predict Cancer Risk for Commonly Tested Cancer‐Related Germline Mutations
Authors: Braun Danielle , Yang Jiabei , Griffin Molly , Parmigiani Giovanni , Hughes Kevin S. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe rapid drop in the cost of DNA sequencing led to the availability of multi‐gene panels, which test 25 or more cancer susceptibility genes for a low cost. Clinicians and genetic counselors need a tool to interpret results, understand risk of various cancers, and advise on a management strategy. This is challenging as there are multiple studies regarding each gene, and it is not possible for clinicians and genetic counselors to be aware of all publications, nor to appreciate the relative accuracy and importance of each. Through an extensive literature review, we have identified reliable studies and derived estimates of absolute risk. We have also developed a systematic mechanism and informatics tools for (1) data curation, (2) the evaluation of quality of studies, and (3) the statistical analysis necessary to obtain risk. We produced the risk prediction clinical decision support tool ASK2ME (All Syndromes Known to Man Evaluator). It provides absolute cancer risk predictions for various hereditary cancer susceptibility genes. These predictions are specific to patients’ gene carrier status, age, and history of relevant prophylactic surgery. By allowing clinicians to enter patient information and receive patient‐specific cancer risks, this tool aims to have a significant impact on the quality of precision cancer prevention and disease management activities relying on panel testing. It is important to note that this tool is dynamic and constantly being updated, and currently, some of its limitations include (1) for many gene‐cancer associations risk estimates are based on one study rather than meta‐analysis, (2) strong assumptions on prior cancers, (3) lack of uncertainty measures, and (4) risk estimates for a growing set of gene‐cancer associations which are not always variant specific. All of these concerns are being addressed on an ongoing basis, aiming to make the tool even more accurate.
Parkinson's Disease: Patients’ Knowledge, Attitudes, and Interest in Genetic Counseling
Authors: Maloney Kristin A. , Alaeddin Dina S. , von Coelln Rainer , Dixon Shannan , Shulman Lisa M. , Schrader Katrina , Guan Yue 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe objective of this study was to assess the genetics knowledge of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), and to explore their attitudes on genetic testing and interest in genetic counseling. We surveyed 158 patients from the University of Maryland Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Center. Patients averaged a score of 63% on general genetics knowledge and 73% on PD genetics knowledge. Participants had an overall positive attitude toward genetic testing: 80% believed that the use of genetic tests among people should be promoted, and 83% would undertake genetic test for PD if it was available. Patients reported a high interest to discuss the benefits, risks, and impacts of genetic testing for PD (mean sum score = 26, range = 9–35), and 43% patients expressed interest in meeting with a genetic counselor. Multivariate regression analysis showed that patients who had more positive attitudes toward genetic testing for PD were more interested in meeting with a genetic counselor (β = 0.6, p < 0.001). This study is the first to demonstrate an interest in genetic counseling among patients with PD. Our findings demonstrate a new niche for genetic counselors to support patients in clarifying gaps or misconceptions in knowledge about PD genetics as well as the possible risks, benefits, and limitations of genetic testing.
Vulnerability of subalpine fir species to climate change: using species distribution modeling to assess the future efficiency of current protected areas in the Korean Peninsula
Authors: Yun Jong‐Hak , Nakao Katsuhiro , Tsuyama Ikutaro , Matsui Tetsuya , Park Chan‐Ho , Lee Byoung‐Yoon , Tanaka Nobuyuki 
Published: March 2018

AbstractTo facilitate the adaptive management of subalpine ecosystems in the Korean Peninsula under climate change conditions, we identified the climatic factors that determine the distribution of two dominant subalpine firs (Abies koreana and A. nephrolepis). We also identified sustainable and vulnerable habitats for these species inside and outside of current protected areas under climate change scenarios. The minimum temperature of the coldest month, and the amount of precipitation in the warmest quarter were the most important climatic variables that determined the distribution of these two Abies species. Potential habitats for A. koreana and A. nephrolepis were predicted to decrease to 3.3% and 36.4% of the current areas due to climate change, irrespective of whether inside or outside the protected areas. It was predicted that the potential habitats for A. nephrolepis would be maintained in the northern part of the Korean Peninsula, and sustainable potential habitats outside the protected areas were predicted in central parts of the Korean Peninsula. The potential habitats for A. koreana were predicted to disappear from Is. Jeju and shrink significantly in the Korean Peninsula. These results suggest that, in central parts of the Korean Peninsula, revision of protected areas would be effective in preserving A. nephrolepis under conditions of future climate change. In contrast, revision of protected areas would be insufficient to conserve A. koreana due to their high vulnerability and limited populations. Active management is required to ensure the survival of A. koreana under future climate conditions.
Family functioning and adolescent internalizing symptoms: A latent profile analysis
Authors: Simpson Emily G. , Vannucci Anna , Ohannessian Christine McCauley 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACTThis study aimed to characterize adolescent family functioning typologies using latent profile analysis (LPA). A secondary aim was to examine profile associations with adolescent internalizing symptoms at one‐year follow‐up. Students (N = 1029; 53% female; mean age = 16.14, SD = .75 years) completed measures of family functioning, anxiety, and depressive symptoms at two time points. LPA was conducted to characterize family functioning typologies at Time 1, revealing five profiles: 1) Low Family Functioning, 2) Only Close to Father, 3) Average Family Functioning, 4) Only Close to Mother, and 5) High Family Functioning. Results indicated that the Low and Only Close to Mother profiles had greater depressive symptoms at Time 2, compared with the Average profile. The High profile had fewer depressive symptoms at Time 2. The Low and Only Close to Mother profiles also had significantly more anxiety symptoms at Time 2. Findings highlight the utility of examining family functioning profiles.
Cross‐sectional and temporal associations between cyber dating abuse victimization and mental health and substance use outcomes
Authors: Lu Yu , Van Ouytsel Joris , Walrave Michel , Ponnet Koen , Temple Jeff R. 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to investigate the cross‐sectional and temporal associations between cyber dating abuse victimization (CDAV) and mental health (i.e., anxiety, PTSD, and depression), and substance use (i.e., alcohol, cigarettes, marijuana and hard drugs). We used data from the 5th and 6th waves of an ongoing longitudinal study of ethnically diverse adolescents from seven public high schools in Texas, U.S. Participants were 641 adolescents (63.3% female) with a mean age of 19.1 years (SD = .79) at Wave 5. Analyses suggested that while CDAV was associated with mental health and substance use cross‐sectionally, when examining over time, it was only associated with past year hard drug and past month marijuana use. Although long‐term mental health effects of CDAV did not emerge in the current study, we identified a temporal link to marijuana and hard drugs, highlighting the need for prevention efforts to incorporate messages about substance use.
Sensory Dysfunction and Sexuality in the U.S. Population of Older Adults
Authors: Zhong Selena , Pinto Jayant M. , Wroblewski Kristen E. , McClintock Martha K. 
Published: March 2018

Abstract

Background
The sexual experience is shaped by sensory function; with aging, sensory dysfunction may interfere with sexuality and sexual behavior between partners. Specifically, older adults with age-related sensory dysfunction may have less sexual activity than those with better sensory function. In addition, since sexual desire and attraction rests in part upon sensory function, sensory dysfunction may also be associated with less sexual motivation.

Aim
To test the association between sexual activity and motivation in older adults and their sensory dysfunction.

Methods
Sensory dysfunction was measured both by global sensory impairment (a validated measure of dysfunction shared among the 5 classic senses: olfaction, vision, taste, touch, hearing) and by total sensory burden (cumulative sensory loss). Sexual activity was quantified by frequency and type of sexual behavior. Sexual motivation was measured by the frequency of sexual ideation and the importance of sex to the respondent. We used cross-sectional data from a nationally representative sample of community-dwelling older adults (aged 57–85 years) in the United States (National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project, N = 3,005) in logistic regression analyses.

Outcomes
Sexual activity, sexual motivation, and satisfaction with the sexual relationship were self-reported.

Results
Older adults with sensory dysfunction were less likely to be sexually active—an association that persisted when accounting for other factors that also affected sexual activity (age, gender, partnered status, mental and physical health, and relationship satisfaction). Nonetheless, sensory dysfunction did not impair sexual motivation, nor affect the physical and emotional satisfaction with the sexual relationship. Among currently sexually active older adults, sensory dysfunction did not affect the frequency of sex or the type of sexual activity (foreplay, vaginal intercourse, or oral sex). These results were the same for 2 different measures of sensory dysfunction.

Clinical Translation
This is the first nationally representative study of sexuality and multisensory dysfunction in community-dwelling older adults. 4 of the 5 classic senses were measured with objective tests, and hearing was rated by interviewers in the context of their conversation. Medical and health care interventions that can reduce the burden of sensory dysfunction may improve older adults’ sexual experience.

Conclusions
Sensory dysfunction is associated with sexual inactivity, but not with sexual motivation. Among those who are sexually active, sensory dysfunction did not interfere with sexual expression. Improving the sexual experience of older adults requires a focus on sensory dysfunction as an impediment to sexual activity given that older adults remain sexually motivated.
20-Week follow-up of hepatic steatosis installation and liver mitochondrial structure and activity and their interrelation in rats fed a high-fat–high-fructose diet
Authors: Fouret Gilles , Gaillet Sylvie , Lecomte Jerome , Bonafos Beatrice , Djohan Ferdinand , Barea Bruno , Badia Eric , Coudray Charles , Feillet-Coudray Christine 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe incidence of obesity and its metabolic complications are rapidly increasing and become a major public health issue. This trend is associated with an increase in the prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), insulin resistance and diabetes. The sequence of events leading to NAFLD progression and mitochondrial dysfunction and their interrelation remains to be elucidated. This study aimed to explore the installation and progression of NAFLD and its association with the liver mitochondrial structure and activity changes in rats fed an obesogenic diet up to 20 weeks. Male Wistar rats were fed either a standard or high-fat–high-fructose (HFHFR) diet and killed on 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 weeks of diet intake. Rats fed the HFHFR diet developed mildly overweight, associated with increased adipose tissue weight, hepatic steatosis, hyperglycaemia and hyperinsulinaemia after 8 weeks of HFHFR diet. Hepatic steatosis and many biochemical modifications plateaued at 8–12 weeks of HFHFR diet with slight amelioration afterwards. Interestingly, several biochemical and physiological parameters of mitochondrial function, as well as its phospholipid composition, in particular cardiolipin content, were tightly related to hepatic steatosis installation. These results showed once again the interrelation between hepatic steatosis development and mitochondrial activity alterations without being able to say whether the mitochondrial alterations preceded or followed the installation/progression of hepatic steatosis. Because both hepatic steatosis and mitochondrial alterations occurred as early as 4 weeks of diet, future studies should consider these four 1st weeks to reveal the exact interconnection between these major consequences of obesogenic diet intake.
Effects of synbiotic supplementation on metabolic parameters and apelin in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Karimi Elham , Moini Ashraf , Yaseri Mehdi , Shirzad Nooshin , Sepidarkish Mahdi , Hossein-Boroujerdi Mojgan , Hosseinzadeh-Attar Mohammad Javad 
Published: March 2018

AbstractPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common causes of infertility in women of reproductive age. Insulin resistance is a main pathophysiologic feature in these patients. According to some studies, the intake of probiotic bacteria may improve glucose homoeostasis. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of synbiotics on metabolic parameters and apelin in PCOS patients. This randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial was conducted on eighty-eight PCOS women aged 19–37 years old. The participants were randomly assigned to two groups receiving (1) synbiotic supplement (n44), and (2) placebo (n44) for 12 weeks. Fasting blood samples were taken at baseline and after 12 weeks. The two groups showed no difference in fasting blood sugar (adjusted mean difference: 0·60; 95 % CI −3·80, 5·00,P=0·727), plasma glucose fasting 2-h (adjusted mean difference 2·09; 95 % CI −9·96, 14·15,P=0·134), HbA1c (adjusted mean difference 0·06; 95 % CI −0·09, 0·22,P=0·959), homoeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (adjusted mean difference: 0·02; 95 % CI −0·99, 1·03,P=0·837), quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) (adjusted mean difference: −0·02; 95 % CI −0·33, 0·29,P=0·940) and C-reactive protein (CRP) (adjusted mean difference: 0·24; 95 % CI −1·61, 2·08,P=0·141) by the end of the intervention. A significant difference was observed in the mean apelin 36 before and after the intervention between synbiotic and placebo groups (adjusted mean difference: −4·05; 95 % CI −7·15, −0·96,P=0·004). A 12-week synbiotic supplementation has no significant beneficial effects on HOMA-IR and CRP in PCOS patients, whereas the level of apelin 36 significantly decreased.
Vitamin D intake, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D status and response to moderate vitamin D3supplementation: a randomised controlled trial in East African and Finnish women
Authors: Adebayo Folasade A. , Itkonen Suvi T. , Öhman Taina , Skaffari Essi , Saarnio Elisa M. , Erkkola Maijaliisa , Cashman Kevin D. , Lamberg-Allardt Christel 
Published: March 2018

AbstractInsufficient vitamin D status (serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (S-25(OH)D)<50 nmol/l) is common among immigrants living at the northern latitudes. We investigated ethnic differences in response of S-25(OH)D to vitamin D3supplementation, through a 5-month randomised controlled trial, in East African and Finnish women in Southern Finland (60°N) from December 2014 to May 2015. Vitamin D intakes (dietary and supplemental) were also examined. Altogether, 191 subjects were screened and 147 women (East Africansn72, Finnsn75) aged 21–64 years were randomised to receive placebo or 10 or 20 µg of vitamin D3/d. S-25(OH)D concentrations were assessed by liquid chromatography–tandem MS. At screening, 56 % of East Africans and 9 % of Finns had S-25(OH)D<50 nmol/l. Total vitamin D intake was higher in East Africans than in Finns (24·2 (sd14·3)v.15·2 (sd13·4) µg/d,P<0·001). Baseline mean S-25(OH)D concentrations were higher in Finns (60·5 (sd=16·3) nmol/l) than in East Africans (51·5 (sd15·4) nmol/l) (P=0·001). In repeated-measures ANCOVA (adjusted for baseline S-25(OH)D), mean S-25(OH)D increased by 8·5 and 10·0 nmol/l with a 10-µg dose and by 10·7 and 17·1 nmol/l with a 20-µg dose for Finns and East Africans, respectively (P>0·05 for differences between ethnic groups). In conclusion, high prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency existed among East African women living in Finland, despite higher vitamin D intake than their Finnish peers. Moderate vitamin D3supplementation was effective in increasing S-25(OH)D in both groups of women, and no ethnic differences existed in the response to supplementation.
Entwicklung und Validierung der Skalen zur motivationalen Regulation beim Lernen im Studium (SMR-LS)
Authors: Thomas Almut E. , Müller Florian H. , Bieg Sonja 
Published: March 2018

Zusammenfassung. Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden Skalen zur motivationalen Regulation beim Lernen im Studium (SMR-LS) vorgestellt, welche 4 Regulationsstile (intrinsisch, identifiziert, introjiziert, external) im Sinne der Selbstbestimmungstheorie der Motivation nach Deci und Ryan (1985) messen. In Studie 1 wurden die Faktorenstruktur der Items untersucht und erste Hinweise auf die valide Interpretierbarkeit der 4 Skalenwerte gewonnen. In Studie 2 konnte die Faktorenstruktur kreuzvalidiert werden. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass die postulierte Faktorenstruktur gut begründet ist und die SMR-LS akzeptable interne Konsistenzen aufweisen (α ≥ .73). Darüber hinaus konnte die Annahme von Messinvarianz der Regulationsstile für die Faktoren Studienfach, Geschlecht und Land untermauert werden. Die Korrelationen der SMR-LS mit Lebenszufriedenheit, positivem und negativem Affekt, Prokrastination, wahrgenommener Autonomieunterstützung und Leistung waren theoriekonform und liefern weitere Hinweise auf eine valide Interpretierbarkeit der Skalenwerte der SMR-LS in der Erforschung von Bedingungsfaktoren und von Folgen motivationaler Regulation.
Bullying im Klassenverband
Authors: Knauf Rhea-Katharina , Eschenbeck Heike , Käser Udo 
Published: March 2018

Zusammenfassung. In Anlehnung an den Participant-Role-Ansatz ( Salmivalli, Lagerspetz, Björkqvist, Österman & Kaukiainen, 1996 ) wurde Bullying als Gruppenphänomen untersucht. Mittels Peer-Nominierung wurden an einer Stichprobe von 5 083 Sechst- und Neuntklässler_innen folgende Rollen identifiziert: Pro-Bullying-Akteure, Opfer, Verteidiger, Außenstehende und Bully-Opfer. Rund 55 % der Schülerinnen und Schüler konnte eine dieser Rollen zugeordnet werden. Es zeigt sich, dass der Anteil der Pro-Bullying-Akteure in den 9. Klassen geringer als in den 6. Klassen ist, nicht aber der Anteil der Opfer. Auch Verteidiger sind in Stufe 9 seltener zu finden. Die Gruppe der Pro-Bullying-Akteure besteht größtenteils aus Jungen, wohingegen die Verteidiger überwiegend weiblich sind. Pro-Bullying-Akteure zeichnen sich des Weiteren durch einen kontroversen Status im Klassenverband und schlechte Schulleistungen aus. Opfer haben einen geringen sozialen Status und durchschnittliche Zeugnisnoten. Verteidiger erweisen sich als äußerst beliebt und leistungsstark.