bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Applicability of an elastic band exercise program to wheelchair‐bound older adults with and without dementia: A self‐rating survey
Authors: Hsiao Chih‐Yin , Tsai Athena Yijung , Chen Kuei‐Min , Yao Ching‐Teng 
Published: December 2018

AimTo investigate the perceptions of wheelchair‐bound older adults with and without dementia toward the Wheelchair‐bound Senior Elastic Band exercise program, and to compare the differences of their perceptions to the program.MethodsA descriptive and comparative design was applied. Data were derived from the experimental groups of two cluster‐randomized controlled trials. A total of 133 participants from eight long‐term care facilities were recruited: dementia trial (four facilities, n = 73) and non‐dementia trial (four facilities, n = 60). All participants received the Wheelchair‐bound Senior Elastic Band exercises, which included three phases of warm‐up, aerobic motion and harmonic stretching, three times per week, 40 min per session for 6 months. The self‐rating survey using the criteria of simplicity, safety, appropriateness and helpfulness was applied to rate the program through face‐to‐face individual interviews at the end of the study.ResultsWheelchair‐bound older adults with or without dementia have positive perceptions of the Wheelchair‐bound Senior Elastic Band exercise program with regard to its simplicity, safety, appropriateness and helpfulness after 6 months of practice (mean scores ranged 8.75–9.59). No significant differences were found between groups on self‐rating of the program in most of the criteria.ConclusionsOlder adults with dementia might be able to express their perceptions toward the exercise program through the self‐rating survey, as did the participants without dementia. The participants’ perceptions provide direct feedback for modifying, improving and sustaining the long‐term implementation of the program. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2019; 19: 103–107.
Home healthcare professionals’ perspectives on quality dimensions for home pharmaceutical care in Japan
Authors: Fujita Kenji , Kushida Kazuki , Moles Rebekah J , Chen Timothy F 
Published: December 2018

AimIn Japan, home pharmaceutical care (HPC) has recently been provided to home‐bound older adults who have difficulties in accessing a community pharmacy, for regular medicine supplies and medication management. Although the number of HPC services provided has increased, HPC is not always carried out by clinically well‐trained pharmacists, causing differences in the quality of HPC provided. The aim of the present study was to establish the quality dimensions of HPC (i.e. components that impact the quality of HPC) from the perspectives of home healthcare professionals.MethodsSemistructured interviews and focus groups were carried out with nine home healthcare teams, comprising 61 multidisciplinary professionals including pharmacists, doctors, nurses, care managers, home helpers, medical social workers and other relevant stakeholders involved in home healthcare. Participants’ responses were analyzed using thematic analysis. Identified themes were then categorized using Donabedian's framework (structure, process and outcome).ResultsNine themes and 27 subthemes emerged, including: structure (pharmacist factors, pharmacy factors and external factors), process (before HPC, during HPC, after HPC and outside of HPC) and outcome (impact on patients and impact on other healthcare professionals).ConclusionThis study has identified quality dimensions of HPC from multidisciplinary home healthcare professionals’ perspectives. These findings might be used to inform aspects of HPC that require improvement. In order to evaluate the quality of HPC, a set of indicators based on the identified quality dimensions could be developed. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2019; 19: 35–43.
Age‐related changes in muscle elasticity and thickness of the lower extremities are associated with physical functions among community‐dwelling older women
Authors: Saito Akira , Wakasa Masahiko , Kimoto Minoru , Ishikawa Takashi , Tsugaruya Megumi , Kume Yu , Okada Kyoji 
Published: December 2018

AimTo clarify the age‐related changes in muscle elasticity or thickness of the lower extremities in older women, and to analyze their relationship with physical functions.MethodsThe muscle elasticity and thickness of the rectus femoris and medial head of the gastrocnemius of 102 young women (young group) and 221 elderly women (elderly group) were measured using ultrasonography. In the elderly group, physical functions, including knee extension strength, Timed Up and Go test, single‐leg standing, maximum gait speed and Four Square Step Test were also measured.ResultsThe elasticity of the rectus femoris and medial head of the gastrocnemius were significantly higher, but the muscle thickness of both muscles was significantly lower in the elderly group than in the young group (both P < 0.001). In the elderly group, the elasticity of the rectus femoris was significantly correlated with Timed Up and Go test, maximum gait speed and Four Square Step Test (ρ = 0.481, r = −0.387 and ρ = 0.401, respectively, all P < 0.001), and the medial head of the gastrocnemius was similar (ρ = 0.471, r = −0.489 and ρ = 0.422, respectively, all P < 0.001). The muscle thickness of the rectus femoris was significantly associated with knee extension strength (r = 0.444, P < 0.001).ConclusionsOlder women showed age‐related changes in high elasticity and atrophy of the rectus femoris and medial head of the gastrocnemius. The high elasticity of both muscles, not muscle thickness, was associated with dynamic balance and walking ability. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2019; 19: 61–65.
Utility of the Quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment in Japanese patients with nursing‐ and healthcare‐associated pneumonia
Authors: Noguchi Shingo , Yatera Kazuhiro , Naito Keisuke , Hata Ryosuke , Kawanami Toshinori , Yamasaki Kei , Kato Tatsuji , Orihashi Takeshi , Inoue Naoyuki , Sakamoto Noriho , Yoshii Chiharu , Mukae Hiroshi 
Published: December 2018

AimTo clarify the utility of sepsis evaluation using the Quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA) tool in addition to the Pneumonia Severity Index (PSI); age, dehydration, respiration, orientation and blood pressure (A‐DROP) index; and immunodeficiency, respiration, orientation, age and dehydration (I‐ROAD) scoring systems, and risk factor evaluation of potentially drug‐resistant (PDR) pathogens are suggested in the 2017 guidelines for pneumonia of the Japanese Respiratory Society in nursing‐ and healthcare‐associated pneumonia patients.MethodsWe included 289 hospitalized nursing‐ and healthcare‐associated pneumonia patients between April 2016 and March 2017, and investigated the ability of PSI, A‐DROP, I‐ROAD and qSOFA to predict pneumonia‐related mortality. We also evaluated the associations among the risk factors for PDR pathogens, the detection ratio of PDR pathogens and pneumonia‐related mortality.ResultsThe mortality rate of pneumonia during hospitalization was 6.9% (20/289). The area under the curve for pneumonia‐related mortality predicted using PSI, A‐DROP, I‐ROAD and qSOFA was 0.697 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.59–0.80), 0.63 (95% CI 0.51–0.76), 0.61 (95% CI 0.52–0.70) and 0.701 (95% CI 0.59–0.81), respectively. In addition, higher areas under the curve were observed for pneumonia‐related mortality predicted according to a combination of PSI and hypoalbuminemia (<2.5 g/dL) (0.75, 95% CI 0.64–0.86), and qSOFA and hypoalbuminemia (0.74, 95% CI 0.62–0.86) than for PSI and qSOFA alone. No significant associations were observed among the risk factors for PDR pathogens, the detection ratios of PDR pathogens and pneumonia‐related mortality.ConclusionsqSOFA and the combination of qSOFA and hypoalbuminemia might be simple and useful evaluation tools for predicting pneumonia‐related mortality in nursing‐ and healthcare‐associated pneumonia patients. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2019; 19: 177–183.
Correlation of cell‐surface CD8 levels with function, phenotype and transcriptome of naive CD8 T cells
Authors: Balyan Renu , Gund Rupali , Chawla Amanpreet Singh , Khare Satyajeet P. , Pradhan Saurabh J. , Rane Sanket , Galande Sanjeev , Durdik Jeannine Marie , George Anna , Bal Vineeta , Rath Satyajit 
Published: December 2018

AbstractWe have previously demonstrated co‐receptor level‐associated functional heterogeneity in apparently homogeneous naive peripheral CD4 T cells, dependent on MHC‐mediated tonic signals. Maturation pathways can differ between naive CD4 and naive CD8 cells, so we tested whether the latter showed similar co‐receptor level‐associated functional heterogeneity. We report that, when either polyclonal and T‐cell receptor (TCR)‐transgenic monoclonal peripheral naive CD8 T cells from young mice were separated into CD8hi and CD8lo subsets, CD8lo cells responded poorly, but CD8hi and CD8lo subsets of CD8 single‐positive (SP) thymocytes responded similarly. CD8lo naive CD8 T cells were smaller and showed lower levels of some cell‐surface molecules, but higher levels of the negative regulator CD5. In addition to the expected peripheral decline in CD8 levels on transferred naive CD8 T cells in wild‐type (WT) but not in MHC class I‐deficient recipient mice, short‐duration naive T‐cell–dendritic cell (DC) co‐cultures in vitro also caused co‐receptor down‐modulation in CD8 T cells but not in CD4 T cells. Constitutive pZAP70/pSyk and pERK levels ex vivo were lower in CD8lo naive CD8 T cells and dual‐specific phosphatase inhibition partially rescued their hypo‐responsiveness. Bulk mRNA sequencing showed major differences in the transcriptional landscapes of CD8hi and CD8lo naive CD8 T cells. CD8hi naive CD8 T cells showed enrichment of genes involved in positive regulation of cell cycle and survival. Our data show that naive CD8 T cells show major differences in their signaling, transcriptional and functional landscapes associated with subtly altered CD8 levels, consistent with the possibility of peripheral cellular aging.
Does the choice in valuation method matter in the judicial appraisal of private firms?
Authors: Saastamoinen Jani , Savolainen Hanna 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThis paper investigates empirical relations between the redemption values of minority shares and valuation methods used by dissenting parties in the judicial valuation of private firms. We examine a comprehensive data set of Finnish judicial appraisal cases in which the judge decides the valuation of the minority stake in a private firm after learning the valuation estimates put forward by the controlling shareholder(s) and the minority shareholder(s). Rationality in valuation will be achieved if a valuation estimate incorporates all the available information regardless of the valuation method adopted. Conversely, the measurement perspective argues that biases inherent in valuation approaches determine the information content in a valuation estimate. Our statistical analyses suggest that the choices made concerning the valuation method are statistically correlated with the appraisal outcomes. We interpret this as evidence consistent with the measurement perspective.
Riata lead failure in pediatric and congenital heart disease patients
Authors: Escudero Carolina A. , Mah Douglas Y. , Miyake Christina Y. , Stephenson Elizabeth A. , LaPage Martin J. , Kubuš Peter , I. Cohen Mitchell , Atallah Joseph 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundImplantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) lead failures occur at higher rates in pediatric and congenital heart disease (CHD) patients.ObjectiveTo determine the rate and timing of Riata lead failure in pediatric and CHD patients.MethodsThis was a retrospective, multicenter cohort study of pediatric patients and adults with CHD with implantation of a Riata or Riata ST lead between 2002 and 2009. The prevalence and timing of electrical failure and conductor coil externalization (CCE) were determined.ResultsFifty‐eight patients and 63 leads from seven centers were included. Median (interquartile range [IQR]) age at implant was 14.4 (11.5‐18.7) years and median follow‐up was 8.7 (7.3‐11.1) years. The underlying diagnosis was a primary arrhythmia disorder in 45%, cardiomyopathy in 31%, and CHD in 28% of patients. Electrical failure occurred in 43% and CCE in 16% of leads at median lead ages of 4.7 (3.4‐7.5) and 4.3 (3.9‐7.0) years, respectively. Median lead survival free from electrical failure or CCE was 7.9 (95% confidence interval, 5.8‐10.0) years. Forty‐one percent of leads were functional at the end of the follow‐up period, and 33% were extracted with a complication rate of 5%.ConclusionsThe rate of Riata lead electrical failure was high in children and patients with CHD, while the rate of CCE was comparable with published data. Counseling on lead management should factor in the high rate of electrical failure with considerations for elective replacement.
Prenatal hypoxia plus postnatal high‐fat diet exacerbated vascular dysfunction via up‐regulated vascular Cav1.2 channels in offspring rats
Authors: Li Xiang , Feng Xueqin , Lu Likui , He Axin , Liu Bailin , Zhang Yingying , Shi Ruixiu , Liu Yanping , Chen Xueyi , Sun Miao , Xu Zhice 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to examine whether and how postnatal high‐fat diet had additional impact on promoting vascular dysfunction in the offspring exposed to prenatal hypoxia.Methods and ResultsPregnant Sprague‐Dawley rats were randomly assigned to hypoxia (10.5% oxygen) or normoxia (21% O2) groups from gestation days 5‐21. A subset of male offspring was placed on a high‐fat diet (HF, 45% fat) from 4‐16 weeks of age. Prenatal hypoxia induced a decrease in birth weight. In offspring‐fed HF diet, prenatal hypoxia was associated with increased fasting plasma triglyceride, total cholesterol, free fatty acids, and low‐density lipoprotein‐cholesterol. Compared with the other three groups, prenatal hypoxic offspring with high‐fat diet showed a significant increase in blood pressure, phenylephrine‐mediated vasoconstrictions, L‐type voltage‐gated Ca2+ (Cav1.2) channel currents, and elevated mRNA and protein expression of Cav1.2 α1 subunit in mesenteric arteries or myocytes. The large‐conductance Ca2+‐activated K+ (BK) channels currents and the BK channel units (β1, not α‐subunits) were significantly increased in mesenteric arteries or myocytes in HF offspring independent of prenatal hypoxia factor.ConclusionThe results demonstrated that prenatal hypoxia followed by postnatal HF caused vascular dysfunction through ion channel remodelling in myocytes.
Needs and Experiences of Family Caregivers of Individuals With Autism Spectrum Disorders Across the Lifespan
Authors: Shivers Carolyn M. , Sonnier‐Netto Libbie , Lee Gloria K. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBoth service needs and needs of the caregiver may differ across the lifespan for individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). As individuals with ASD age, they may need different services, which can place different burdens on the family. The present study aimed to determine the needs of both the individual with ASD and the family caregiver across the lifespan, as well as what experiences are important to families that may not be captured by quantitative measures. Data for the present study were taken from a large, online survey of family members of individuals with ASD. Participants were primarily mothers, with children ranging from early childhood to adulthood. The survey used a list of various services that could be used by individuals with ASD and the Family Needs Questionnaire to examine service needs and usage. Service needs and usage were compared by age category (childhood, adolescence, and adulthood). Most categories of service needs and usage differed by age, although the percentage of unmet service needs was quite high across all ages. Family members of adolescents or adults tended to report fewer individual needs than did family members of children. In open‐ended responses, families frequently discussed lack of services, worry about the future, and challenges with family and social relationships. Overall findings indicate a still‐high level of unmet service needs for individuals with ASD and their families. Although most basic health needs are met, more specific needs, such as therapy services and employment services, are received by comparatively few families. This has the potential to negatively impact families as the child with ASD ages, despite caregivers reporting fewer personal needs for older individuals.
Temperature × light interaction and tolerance of high water temperature in the planktonic freshwater flagellates Cryptomonas (Cryptophyceae) and Dinobryon (Chrysophyceae)
Authors: Wirth Christina , Limberger Romana , Weisse Thomas 
Published: December 2018

Using microcosm experiments, we investigated the interactive effects of temperature and light on specific growth rates of three species each of the phytoplanktonic genera Cryptomonas and Dinobryon. Several species of these genera play important roles in the food web of lakes and seem to be sensitive to high water temperature. We measured growth rates at three to four photon flux densities ranging from 10 to 240 μmol photon · m−2 · s−1 and at 4–5 temperatures ranging from 10°C to 28°C. The temperature × light interaction was generally strong, species specific, and also genus specific. Five of the six species studied tolerated 25°C when light availability was high; however, low light reduced tolerance of high temperatures. Growth rates of all six species were unaffected by temperature in the 10°C–15°C range at light levels ≤50 μmol photon · m−2 · s−1. At high light, growth rates of Cryptomonas spp. increased with temperature until the temperature optimum was reached and then declined. The Dinobryon species were less sensitive than Cryptomonas spp. to photon flux densities of 40 μmol photon · m−2 · s−1 and 200 μmol photon · m−2 · s−1 over the entire temperature range but did not grow under a combination of very low light (10 μmol photon · m−2 · s−1) and high temperature (≥20°C). Among the three Cryptomonas species, cell volume declined with temperature and the maximum temperature tolerated was negatively related to cell size. Since Cryptomonas is important food for microzooplankton, these trends may affect the pelagic carbon flow if lake warming continues.
Inhibition of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Mycobacterium tuberculosis disulfide bond forming enzymes
Authors: Landeta Cristina , McPartland Laura , Tran Ngoc Q. , Meehan Brian M. , Zhang Yifan , Tanweer Zaidi , Wakabayashi Shoko , Rock Jeremy , Kim Taehyun , Balasubramanian Deepak , Audette Rebecca , Toosky Melody , Pinkham Jessica , Rubin Eric J. , Lory Stephen , Pier Gerald , Boyd Dana , Beckwith Jon 
Published: December 2018

SummaryIn bacteria, disulfide bonds confer stability on many proteins exported to the cell envelope or beyond, including bacterial virulence factors. Thus, proteins involved in disulfide bond formation represent good targets for the development of inhibitors that can act as antibiotics or anti‐virulence agents, resulting in the simultaneous inactivation of several types of virulence factors. Here, we present evidence that the disulfide bond forming enzymes, DsbB and VKOR, are required for Pseudomonas aeruginosa pathogenicity and Mycobacterium tuberculosis survival respectively. We also report the results of a HTS of 216,767 compounds tested against P. aeruginosa DsbB1 and M. tuberculosis VKOR using Escherichia coli cells. Since both P. aeruginosa DsbB1 and M. tuberculosis VKOR complement an E. coli dsbB knockout, we screened simultaneously for inhibitors of each complemented E. coli strain expressing a disulfide‐bond sensitive β‐galactosidase reported previously. The properties of several inhibitors obtained from these screens suggest they are a starting point for chemical modifications with potential for future antibacterial development.
The Analogia Entis as a Standard of Catholic Engagement: Erich Przywara's Critique of Phenomenology and Dialectical Theology
Authors: Betz John R. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe purpose of this article is to introduce the reader to the twentieth‐century Jesuit, Erich Przywara (1889‐1972), who was arguably the most brilliant and prolific Catholic philosopher, theologian, cultural and literary critic of the 1920s and 1930s, but is known today more by association with his friend Edith Stein or his protégé Hans Urs von Balthasar than for anything he wrote. Rather than focusing on any single work, however, this article focuses on his early understanding of the analogia entis as a synthesis of the teaching of Augustine, Thomas, and the IV Lateran Council, and on his subsequent deployment of the analogia entis as a Catholic standard in response to the dialectical theology of the early Barth and the phenomenology of Husserl, Scheler, and Heidegger, respectively. Looking back to Vatican I and anticipating Vatican II, it is clear that Przywara was in the vanguard of the Catholic Church’s engagement with the modern world. What remains to be considered today, aside from his immense contribution to modern theology, is the merit of his responses to Barth and Heidegger at this time, e.g., his claim that dialectical theology, instead of being a corrective to modernity, was only a symptom of its fundamental imbalance, and that phenomenology, rather than overcoming or displacing a Catholic metaphysics of the analogia entis, is fulfilled in the ontological openness signified by it.
Genotype‐dependent regulation of vitamin E biosynthesis in olive fruits as revealed through metabolic and transcriptional profiles
Authors: Georgiadou E. C. , Koubouris G. , Goulas V. , Sergentani C. , Nikoloudakis N. , Manganaris G. A. , Kalaitzis P. , Fotopoulos V. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Vitamin E is a general term used to describe a group of eight lipophilic compounds known as tocochromanols. These vitamin E variants are chemically categorised into two classes formed by α‐, β‐, γ‐ and δ‐ tocopherols and tocotrienols isoforms, respectively.

The present study describes the concurrent regulation of genes and metabolites orchestrating vitamin E biosynthesis in olive drupes of five distinctive Greek olive cultivars. A combination of analytical, biochemical and molecular approaches was employed in order to carry out comparative analyses, including real‐time RT‐qPCR for gene expression levels and HPLC analysis of metabolite content.

Findings indicated that tocochromanol levels and composition, oil content, gene expression levels as well as total antioxidant activity were highly dependent on cultivar and, to a lesser extent, on fruit developmental stage. Specifically, cultivars ‘Kalokairida’ and ‘Lianolia Kerkyras’ demonstrated the highest vitamin E content. The latter possessed high tocochromanol content combined with highest overall antioxidant activity in all developmental stages, concomitant with the up‐regulation expression profile of HPPD.

The genotypic imprint versus the temporal contribution to vitamin E levels, as well as the potential link to lipid peroxidation amelioration, are discussed.