bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Don't try to teach me, I got nothing to learn”: Management students' perceptions of business ethics teaching
Authors: Tormo‐Carbó Guillermina , Oltra Victor , Klimkiewicz Katarzyna , Seguí‐Mas Elies 
Published: August 2019

AbstractInterest is growing towards including business ethics in university curricula, aiming at improving ethical behaviour of future managers. Extant literature has investigated the impact of ethics education on different ethics‐related students' cognitive and/or behavioural outcomes, considering variables related to training programmes and students' demographic aspects. Accordingly, we aim at assessing students' understanding of business ethics issues, by focusing on the differences in students' perceptions depending on gender, age, work experience, and ethics courses taken. Testing our hypotheses on a sample of 307 management students at a Polish university, and controlling for social desirability bias, we obtained mixed and partially surprising results. We found significant differences in students' understanding of business ethics depending on their gender and age (female and older students showed more ethical inclinations), but not depending on having taken ethics courses—actually perceptions of such courses worsened after taking them. Besides, work experience was not a significant variable. Moreover, course exposure intensiveness (i.e., number of ethics courses completed), and time passed since completion of the latest course, did not confirm hypothesized effects on most of the dependent (sub)variables. These findings stimulate further questions and challenges for future research (e.g., around course design and methodology, and social/cultural/contextual issues).
Altered neuronal activity in the auditory brainstem following sound stimulation in thalidomide‐induced autism model rats
Authors: Tsugiyama Lucila E. , Ida‐Eto Michiru , Ohkawara Takeshi , Noro Yuichi , Narita Masaaki 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAuditory hypersensitivity in autism is frequently observed in clinics. Dysfunction in the auditory brainstem has been suspected. We have established autism model rats using prenatal thalidomide exposure. Here we investigated whether abnormal response occurs in the brainstem following sound stimulus in autism model rats. Autism model rats were prepared by prenatal exposure to thalidomide on embryonic days 9 and 10 in pregnant rats. Then, the animals were exposed to 16‐kHz pure tone auditory stimulus and c‐Fos immunostaining was performed to examine the neuronal activity on postnatal day 49 to 51. Following sound stimulus, increased number of c‐Fos‐positive neurons was observed in the medial nucleus of the trapezoid body of autism model rats compared with the control rats. These results suggest that prenatal thalidomide might cause altered processing of auditory stimulus, leading to the characteristics of auditory hypersensitivity in autism.
National Qualifications Framework and TVET teacher competence frameworks: A neglected dimension of qualifications reforms?
Authors: Chakroun Borhene 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis article examines the interplay between qualification systems reforms and technical and vocational education and training (TVET) teachers' competences and qualifications in the context of the future of work and learning, and the United Nations Sustainable Development Agenda. The article reviews international standards and trends and examines a range of country case studies. The concluding section focuses on future scenarios for TVET Teachers Competence frameworks.
Interleukin‐17A affects extracellular vesicles release and cargo in human keratinocytes
Authors: Mangino Giorgio , Iuliano Marco , Carlomagno Silvia , Bernardini Nicoletta , Rosa Paolo , Chiantore Maria Vincenza , Skroza Nevena , Calogero Antonella , Potenza Concetta , Romeo Giovanna 
Published: August 2019

AbstractPsoriasis is a chronic inflammatory systemic disease caused by deregulation of the interleukin‐23/‐17 axis that allows the activation of Th17 lymphocytes and the reprogramming of keratinocytes proliferative response, thereby inducing the secretion of cyto‐/chemokines and antimicrobial peptides. Beside cell‐to‐cell contacts and release of cytokines, hormones and second messengers, cells communicate each other through the release of extracellular vesicles containing DNA, RNA, microRNAs and proteins. It has been reported the alteration of extracellular vesicles trafficking in several diseases, but there is scarce evidence of the involvement of extracellular vesicles trafficking in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. The main goal of the study was to characterize the release, the cargo content and the capacity to transfer bioactive molecules of extracellular vesicles produced by keratinocytes following recombinant IL‐17A treatment if compared to untreated keratinocytes. A combined approach of standard ultracentrifugation, RNA isolation and real‐time RT‐PCR techniques was used to characterize extracellular vesicles cargo. Flow cytometry was used to quantitatively and qualitatively analyse extracellular vesicles and to evaluate cell‐to‐cell extracellular vesicles transfer. We report that the treatment of human keratinocytes with IL‐17A significantly modifies the extracellular vesicles cargo and release. Vesicles from IL‐17A‐treated cells display a specific pattern of mRNA which is undid by IL‐17A neutralization. Extracellular vesicles are taken up by acceptor cells irrespective of their content but only those derived from IL‐17A‐treated cells enable recipient cells to express psoriasis‐associated mRNA. The results imply a role of extracellular vesicles in amplifying the pro‐inflammatory cascade induced in keratinocyte by pro‐psoriatic cytokines.
A Dyadic Model of Stress, Coping, and Marital Satisfaction Among Parents of Children With Autism
Authors: Brown Matthew , Whiting Jason , Kahumoku‐Fessler Emily , Witting Alyssa Banford , Jensen Jakob 
Published: August 2019

ObjectiveTo investigate the relationships among dyadic coping, marital satisfaction, and parenting stress in the context of caring for a child with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD).BackgroundExtant literature demonstrates the negative effects of parenting stress on individual and couple functioning for parents of children with ASD. Yet little is known about how these couples utilize their couple relationship as a resource for coping with this stress (i.e., dyadic coping) and its impact on both marital satisfaction and parenting stress.MethodData from a convenience sample of 69 married couples raising children with ASD were used to conduct analyses using the actor–partner interdependence model. Participants completed an online survey with measures of dyadic coping, marital satisfaction, and parenting stress. Path analysis models were used to test for the mediating effect of marital satisfaction on the relationship between dyadic coping and parenting stress.ResultsResults showed that dyadic coping was positively associated with marital satisfaction and negatively associated with parenting stress. Marital satisfaction was also negatively associated with parenting stress, and several associations between dyadic coping and parenting stress were mediated by marital satisfaction.ConclusionFindings suggest that dyadic coping holds important implications for the marital satisfaction and parenting stress of couples raising children with ASD.ImplicationsThose who work with parents of children with ASD should help couples develop relationship‐based coping strategies to reduce parenting stress.
Microbial community responses reduce soil carbon loss in Tibetan alpine grasslands under short‐term warming
Authors: Li Yaoming , Lv Wangwang , Jiang Lili , Zhang Lirong , Wang Shiping , Wang Qi , Xue Kai , Li Bowen , Liu Peipei , Hong Huan , Renzen Wangmu , Wang A , Luo Caiyun , Zhang Zhenhua , Dorji Tsechoe , Taş Neslihan , Wang Zhezhen , Zhou Huakun , Wang Yanfen 
Published: August 2019

AbstractChanges in labile carbon (LC) pools and microbial communities are the primary factors controlling soil heterotrophic respiration (Rh) in warming experiments. Warming is expected to initially increase Rh but studies show this increase may not be continuous or sustained. Specifically, LC and soil microbiome have been shown to contribute to the effect of extended warming on Rh. However, their relative contribution is unclear and this gap in knowledge causes considerable uncertainty in the prediction of carbon cycle feedbacks to climate change. In this study, we used a two‐step incubation approach to reveal the relative contribution of LC limitation and soil microbial community responses in attenuating the effect that extended warming has on Rh. Soil samples from three Tibetan ecosystems—an alpine meadow (AM), alpine steppe (AS), and desert steppe (DS)—were exposed to a temperature gradient of 5–25°C. After an initial incubation period, soils were processed in one of two methods: (a) soils were sterilized then inoculated with parent soil microbes to assess the LC limitation effects, while controlling for microbial community responses; or (b) soil microbes from the incubations were used to inoculate sterilized parent soils to assess the microbial community effects, while controlling for LC limitation. We found both LC limitation and microbial community responses led to significant declines in Rh by 37% and 30%, respectively, but their relative contributions were ecosystem specific. LC limitation alone caused a greater Rh decrease for DS soils than AMs or ASs. Our study demonstrates that soil carbon loss due to Rh in Tibetan alpine soils—especially in copiotrophic soils—will be weakened by microbial community responses under short‐term warming.
How does tolerance affect urban innovative capacities in China?
Authors: Wang Junsong , Wei Yehua Dennis , Lin Bingquan 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis study investigated how urban cultural and economic tolerance affects urban innovative capacities based on China's prefecture‐level cities. Several tolerance indices, including ratios of migrants, rental housing, gay people, and private economies were introduced and the cities’ tolerance scores were measured using factor analysis. The results show that cities with higher cultural and economical tolerant scores were agglomerated in three metropolitan areas in China's southeastern coastal region. The spatial regression model demonstrates that urban cultural and economic tolerance increases urban innovation output and promotes innovation capacities. We also introduced the crime rate as an instrumental variable and found that the effect of tolerance on innovation remains robust. Our study suggests it is important for the Chinese government to establish an open and tolerant environment to attract migrants, creative artists, and entrepreneurs to foster urban vitality and improve urban innovative capacities.
Validity and reliability of an adapted German version of the Student Perceptions of Physician-Pharmacist Interprofessional Clinical Education Instrument, version 2 (SPICE-2D)
Authors: Pudritz Yvonne M , Fischer Martin R , Eickhoff Jens C , Zorek Joseph A 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjectivesEvaluation of an interprofessional education (IPE) course at a German university was complicated by the lack of validated German versions of IPE assessment instruments. The objectives of this study were to (1) translate version 2 of the Student Perceptions of Physician-Pharmacist Interprofessional Clinical Education (SPICE-2) and (2) test its validity and reliability.MethodsAfter translation, the SPICE-2D instrument was administered electronically to medical and pharmacy students at four universities in Germany using a convenience sampling design. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed to assess validity of the translated instrument. Goodness-of-fit assessment was conducted by evaluating the standardized root mean square residuals (SRMR), the comparative fit index (CFI) and the root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA). Overall and factor-specific reliabilities of SPICE-2D were assessed using Cronbach’s alpha.Key findingsFour German universities participated. Response rate was 19.8% (n = 312/1576), mean age of respondents was 25.1 years (SD 3.3), and the majority were female (69%, n = 215). The SRMR of the overall model showed a good fit (0.061). The measured CFI of 0.95 and RMSEA of 0.072 (95% CI 0.053–0.091) can be considered acceptable. Cronbach’s alpha indicated overall instrument reliability and composite reliabilities; only the reliability of factor 2 (Roles/responsibilities for Collaborative Practice) was mediocre (α = 0.41). Medical students scored consistently higher across all factors than pharmacy students.ConclusionsThe SPICE-2D instrument demonstrated acceptable reliability, with the exception of the roles/responsibilities factor. A robust evaluation of SPICE-2D’s validity and reliability in the context of a more representative sample of German medical and pharmacy students is warranted.
Two IRT Fixed Parameter Calibration Methods for the Bifactor Model
Authors: Kim Kyung Yong 
Published: August 2019

AbstractNew items are often evaluated prior to their operational use to obtain item response theory (IRT) item parameter estimates for quality control purposes. Fixed parameter calibration is one linking method that is widely used to estimate parameters for new items and place them on the desired scale. This article provides detailed descriptions of two fixed parameter calibration methods for the bifactor model and compares their relative performance through simulation. The two methods, which were natural generalizations of their counterparts in the unidimensional context, are the one prior weights updating and multiple expectation‐maximization (EM) cycles (OWU‐MEM) and multiple prior weights updating and multiple EM cycles (MWU‐MEM) methods. In addition, for comparison purposes, the separate calibration method with Haebara linking was included in the simulation. In general, the MWU‐MEM method recovered item parameters well for both equivalent and nonequivalent groups, whereas the OWU‐MEM method worked well only for equivalent groups. With a few exceptions, the MWU‐MEM and Haebara methods showed comparable item parameter recovery.
Alcohol Consumption and Functional Limitations in Older Men: Does Muscle Strength Mediate Them?
Authors: Wang Tong , Sun Shuqin , Li Suyun , Sun Yanping , Sun Yongye , Zhang Dongfeng , Wu Yili 
Published: August 2019

OBJECTIVESTo evaluate the dose‐response relationships between alcohol consumption and functional limitations in older European men, and explore the role of muscle strength as a mediator of these relationships.DESIGNCross‐sectional study of older men participating in the Survey of Health, Aging and Retirement in Europe (SHARE).SETTINGUrban and rural households in 17 European countries and Israel.PARTICIPANTSA total of 17 870 men aged 65 years and older from the SHARE (Wave 6, 2015) were included in this study.MEASUREMENTSOutcome variables were functional limitations: mobility limitation, arm function limitation, and fine motor limitation. Main exposure variable was alcohol consumption. Mediating factor was grip strength. Basic demographics, life habits, and health status were considered as potential confounders. Dose‐response analyses with restricted cubic splines and the Karlson/Holm/Breen method were conducted.RESULTSA total of 17 870 participants were included in this study. Dose‐response analyses revealed that moderate alcohol consumption was related to the lower odds of reporting mobility limitation (≤35 units/wk) and arm function limitation (≤41 units/wk), with a minimum odds ratio (OR) occurring at 10 units/week drinks for mobility limitation (OR = .71; 95% confidence interval [CI] = .62‐.81) and arm function limitation (OR = .66; 95% CI = .59‐.75). The odds of reporting the fine motor limitation monotonically increased with alcohol consumption when alcohol consumption was beyond 15 units/week. No significant mediating effect of grip strength on the relationships between alcohol consumption and mobility limitation and arm function limitation was found.CONCLUSIONModerate alcohol consumption has a protective role in mobility and arm function limitation in older European men. Grip strength is not the main mediator of these associations, suggesting that the protective effect is independent of muscle strength. Alcohol consumption is associated with higher odds of reporting fine motor limitation in older European men. J Am Geriatr Soc 67:2331–2337, 2019
Compañeros and Protagonismo: The Ethics of Anti‐Neoliberal Activism and the Frente de Pueblos en Defensa de la Tierra (FPDT) of Atenco, Mexico
Authors: Stone Livia K. 
Published: August 2019

ResumenLa mayor parte de movimientos sociales anti‐neoliberales en México castigan lo que llaman protagonismo (actividades que benefician al individuo) y tratan de cultivar prácticas activistas éticas que rodean el desinterés y la colectividad. Este artículo examina las características y la problemática del protagonismo y la práctica activista ética en la historia particular y las experiencias del Frente de Pueblos en Defensa de la Tierra (FPDT) de San Salvador Atenco. El artículo presenta una historia breve del FPDT y los raíces del conjunto de virtudes activistas a las que me refiero como “compañerismo”. Estas historias se reúnen en el contexto de la cooptación y violencia estatal en la que los activistas despliegan ideas del protagonismo y compañerismo como estrategias pragmáticas de seguridad y organización así como regímenes éticos. Sostengo que a través de su énfasis en la colectividad, las ideas contemporáneas de compañerismo en el FPDT plantean desafíos a los procesos políticos democráticos liberales así como a las concepciones neoliberales de la ciudadanía.
Functional morphology and identity of the thenar pad in the subterranean genus Ctenomys (Rodentia, Caviomorpha)
Authors: Echeverría Alejandra Isabel , Abdala Virginia , Longo María Victoria , Vassallo Aldo Iván 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAs in many other fossorial tetrapods, the most obvious adaptations to scratch‐digging in the subterranean tuco‐tuco (Rodentia, Ctenomyidae, Ctenomys) are found in the hands, which among other adaptations, present the mesaxonic condition; i.e. the central digits are more developed, and also their claws, which are curved and elongated. The thumb is atrophied and aligned with the rest of the digits, showing a small and flat claw. This configuration of digits and claws seems to be in accordance with what it is expected for rodents: rudimentary movements when handling food items. However, on the palmar side of the hand, tuco‐tucos have several pads, the thenar (located under the thumb) being the most developed. In this study, we investigated the functional morphology of the thenar pad through different approaches: musculoskeletal anatomy, histology and functionality. The analysis of radiographs and clarified and double‐stained hand samples of Ctenomys talarum and C. australis showed that the thenar pad is supported by a paddle‐shaped bone that articulates with a protrusion in the scapholunate bone. This bone, flat and long, continues in a flat cartilaginous structure, with a shape similar to a claw. Dissections showed that the thenar pad has several associated muscles: the m. palmaris longus, the m. abductor pollicis longus, and a massive muscular complex located between the thumb and the thenar pad. By topology it might be inferred that this complex is formed by the m. abductor pollicis brevis, the m. flexor pollicis brevis and the m. adductor pollicis brevis. Longitudinal histological sections of the thenar pad stained with hematoxylin‐eosin showed a thick layer of keratin at the distal end, external face. The observation of live specimens of C. talarum foraging on two food items of different size and filmed at 300 fps showed that the thenar pad acts as an opposable thumb, with digit‐like movements. Tuco‐tucos are able to perform more precise movements than expected, and to grasp and manipulate the food with one hand. In previous studies, it was suggested that the thenar pad was supported by a ‘palmar ossicle’, or ‘prepollex’ (= radial sesamoid bone). Our results suggest that this sesamoid underwent a radical change on its morphology, making the thenar pad a part of the food handling system in Ctenomys, so the thenar pad might be considered a ‘false thumb’, rather than a palmar pad. It is suggested to advance on the description and functional analysis of the thenar pad, redefining the structure, since the terms used so far to define it would not be accurate.
THE DECADES‐LONG DISPUTE OVER SCALE EFFECTS IN THE THEORY OF ECONOMIC GROWTH
Authors: Bond‐Smith Steven 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe so‐called “new growth theory” is characterized by the now Nobel Prize winning insight that ideas are a nonrival input to and output from endogenous investment in innovation. Nonrivalry implies increasing returns to scale, but this also unintentionally creates an empirically disputed scale effect that a growing population implies an ever‐increasing growth rate. Empirical evidence supports fully‐endogenous growth without scale effects, but theoretical issues sustain the decades‐long dispute over exactly how to negate the scale effect. This article surveys theoretical approaches to resolving the scale effect and shows how four generations of endogenous growth theory are defined by the maturing of modeling techniques for constraining increasing returns. The synthesis suggests that the dispute over scale effects is really a narrative about how the powerful application of increasing returns has followed a standard theoretical development pattern. This implies that a fourth generation is now emerging that negates the scale effect while retaining fully‐endogenous growth without relying on assumptions of linearity. Instead, the market response to excessive increasing returns to innovation constrains explosive growth by expanding the market, rather than by a linear assumption. This latest class of endogenous growth models may be the final chapter to resolving the long‐running dispute.
Change in Motherhood Status and Fertility Problem Identification: Implications for Changes in Life Satisfaction
Authors: Greil Arthur L. , McQuillan Julia , Burch Andrea R. , Lowry Michele H. , Tiemeyer Stacy M. , Slauson‐Blevins Kathleen S. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo determine whether the association between changes in life satisfaction and becoming a mother (or not) depends on fertility problem identification status.BackgroundEvidence and symbolic interactionist theory suggest that, for women who initially perceive a fertility barrier, gaining the valued identity “mother” should be associated with increases and continuing to face a blocked goal (i.e., not becoming a mother) should be associated with decreases in life satisfaction.MethodThis study used the nationally representative two‐wave National Survey of Fertility Barriers to conduct a change‐score analysis with chained multiple imputation. The focal dependent variable was change in life satisfaction. Focal independent variables were Wave 1 life satisfaction, fertility problem identification status, and birth between waves, controlling for stability and change in relationship status, talking to a doctor about how to get pregnant, religiosity, social support, importance of parenthood, importance of leisure, importance of work success, and economic hardship.ResultsAmong women who perceived a fertility problem at both waves, becoming a mother was associated with increased life satisfaction and not becoming a mother was associated with decreased life satisfaction. Women who gained or lost a fertility problem perception between waves but did not have a live birth experienced a gain in life satisfaction between waves, suggesting the relevance of the duration of fertility problem perception for change in life satisfaction.