bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Undiagnosed obstructive sleep apnea as a predictor of 30-day readmission for brain tumor patients
Authors: Caplan Ian F. , Glauser Gregory , Goodrich Stephen , Chen H. Isaac , Lucas Timothy H. , Lee John Y. K. , McClintock Scott D. , Malhotra Neil R. 
Published: August 2019

OBJECTIVEObstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is known to be associated with negative outcomes and is underdiagnosed. The STOP-Bang questionnaire is a screening tool for OSA that has been validated in both medical and surgical populations. Given that readmission after surgical intervention is an undesirable event, the authors sought to investigate, among patients not previously diagnosed with OSA, the capacity of the STOP-Bang questionnaire to predict 30-day readmissions following craniotomy for a supratentorial neoplasm.METHODSFor patients undergoing craniotomy for treatment of a supratentorial neoplasm within a multiple-hospital academic medical center, data were captured in a prospective manner via the Neurosurgery Quality Improvement Initiative (NQII) EpiLog tool. Data were collected over a 1-year period for all supratentorial craniotomy cases. An additional criterion for study inclusion was that the patient was alive at 30 postoperative days. Statistical analysis consisted of simple logistic regression, which assessed the ability of the STOP-Bang questionnaire and additional variables to effectively predict outcomes such as 30-day readmission, 30-day emergency department (ED) visit, and 30-day reoperation. The C-statistic was used to represent the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, which analyzes the discrimination of a variable or model.RESULTSIncluded in the sample were all admissions for supratentorial neoplasms treated with craniotomy (352 patients), 49.72% (n = 175) of which were female. The average STOP-Bang score was 1.91 ± 1.22 (range 0–7). A 1-unit higher STOP-Bang score accurately predicted 30-day readmissions (OR 1.31, p = 0.017) and 30-day ED visits (OR 1.36, p = 0.016) with fair accuracy as confirmed by the ROC curve (C-statistic 0.60–0.61). The STOP-Bang questionnaire did not correlate with 30-day reoperation (p = 0.805) or home discharge (p = 0.315).CONCLUSIONSThe results of this study suggest that undiagnosed OSA, as assessed via the STOP-Bang questionnaire, is a significant predictor of patient health status and readmission risk in the brain tumor craniotomy population. Further investigations should be undertaken to apply this prediction tool in order to enhance postoperative patient care to reduce the need for unplanned readmissions.
Convection-enhanced delivery of botulinum toxin serotype A into the nonhuman primate cisterna magna and hippocampus
Authors: Argersinger Davis P. , Walbridge Stuart , Wetjen Nicholas M. , Vortmeyer Alexander O. , Wu Tianxia , Butman John A. , Heiss John D. 
Published: August 2019

OBJECTIVEBotulinum toxin serotype A (BoNT/A) was reported to raise the seizure threshold when injected into the seizure focus of a kindled rodent model. Delivering BoNT/A to the nonhuman primate (NHP) central nervous system via convection-enhanced delivery (CED) has not been performed. The objective of this study was to determine the toxicity and distribution characteristics of CED of BoNT/A into the NHP hippocampus and cisterna magna.METHODSEscalating BoNT/A doses were delivered by CED into the NHP hippocampus (n = 4) and cisterna magna (n = 5) for behavioral and histological assessment and to determine the highest nonlethal dose (LD0) and median lethal dose (LD50). Hippocampal BoNT/A was coinfused with Gd-albumin, a surrogate MRI tracer. Gd-albumin and radioiodinated BoNT/A (125I-BoNT/A) were coinfused into the hippocampus of 3 additional NHPs to determine BoNT/A distribution by in vivo MRI and postmortem quantitative autoradiography. Scintillation counting of CSF assessed the flow of 125I-BoNT/A from the hippocampus to CSF postinfusion.RESULTSLD0 and LD50 were 4.2 and 18 ng/kg, and 5 and > 5 ng/kg for the NHP hippocampus and cisterna magna, respectively. Gd-albumin and 125I-BoNT/A completely perfused the hippocampus (155–234 mm3) in 4 of 7 NHPs. Fifteen percent of BoNT/A entered CSF after hippocampal infusion. The MRI distribution volume of coinfused Gd-albumin (VdMRI) was similar to the quantitative autoradiography distribution of 125I-BoNT/A (VdQAR) (mean VdMRI = 139.5 mm3 [n = 7]; VdQAR = 134.8 mm3 [n = 3]; r = 1.00, p < 0.0001). No infusion-related toxicity was identified histologically except that directly attributable to needle placement.CONCLUSIONSGd-albumin accurately tracked BoNT/A distribution on MRI. BoNT/A did not produce CNS toxicity. BoNT/A LD0 exceeded 10-fold the dose administered safely to humans for cosmesis and dystonia.
Positional effect of preoperative neuronavigational magnetic resonance image on accuracy of posterior fossa lesion localization
Authors: Dho Yun-Sik , Kim Young Jae , Kim Kwang Gi , Hwang Sung Hwan , Kim Kyung Hyun , Kim Jin Wook , Kim Yong Hwy , Choi Seung Hong , Park Chul-Kee 
Published: August 2019

OBJECTIVEThe aim of this study was to analyze the positional effect of MRI on the accuracy of neuronavigational localization for posterior fossa (PF) lesions when the operation is performed with the patient in the prone position.METHODSTen patients with PF tumors requiring surgery in the prone position were prospectively enrolled in the study. All patients underwent preoperative navigational MRI in both the supine and prone positions in a single session. Using simultaneous intraoperative registration of the supine and prone navigational MR images, the authors investigated the images’ accuracy, spatial deformity, and source of errors for PF lesions. Accuracy was determined in terms of differences in the ability of the supine and prone MR images to localize 64 test points in the PF by using a neuronavigation system. Spatial deformities were analyzed and visualized by in-house–developed software with a 3D reconstruction function and spatial calculation of the MRI data. To identify the source of differences, the authors investigated the accuracy of fiducial point localization in the supine and prone MR images after taking the surface anatomy and age factors into consideration.RESULTSNeuronavigational localization performed using prone MRI was more accurate for PF lesions than routine supine MRI prior to prone position surgery. Prone MRI more accurately localized 93.8% of the tested PF areas than supine MRI. The spatial deformities in the neuronavigation system calculated using the supine MRI tended to move in the posterior-superior direction from the actual anatomical landmarks. The average distance of the spatial differences between the prone and supine MR images was 6.3 mm. The spatial difference had a tendency to increase close to the midline. An older age (> 60 years) and fiducial markers adjacent to the cervical muscles were considered to contribute significantly to the source of differences in the positional effect of neuronavigation (p < 0.001 and p = 0.01, respectively).CONCLUSIONSThis study demonstrated the superior accuracy of neuronavigational localization with prone-position MRI during prone-position surgery for PF lesions. The authors recommend that the scan position of the neuronavigational MRI be matched with the surgical position for more precise localization.
Identification of tumor stem-like cells in admanatimomatous craniopharyngioma and determination of these cells’ pathological significance
Authors: Wang Chao-hu , Qi Song-Tao , Fan Jun , Pan Jun , Peng Jun-Xiang , Nie Jing , Bao Yun , Liu Ya-Wei , Zhang Xi’an , Liu Yi 
Published: August 2019

OBJECTIVENuclear β-catenin, a hallmark of active canonical Wnt signaling, can be histologically detected in a subset of cells and cell clusters in up to 94% of adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma (ACP) samples. However, it is unclear whether nuclear β-catenin–containing cells within human ACPs possess the characteristics of tumor stem cells, and it is unknown what role these cells have in ACP.METHODSPrimary ACP cells were cultured from 12 human ACP samples. Adamantinomatous CP stem cell–like cells (CSLCs) showing CD44 positivity were isolated from the cultured primary ACP cells by performing magnetic-activated cell sorting. The tumor sphere formation, cell cycle distribution, stemness marker expression, and multidifferentiation potential of the CD44− cells and the CSLCs were analyzed.RESULTSCompared with the CD44− cells, the cultured human CSLCs formed tumor spheres and expressed CD44 and CD133; moreover, these cells demonstrated nuclear translocation of β-catenin. In addition, the CSLCs demonstrated osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation capacities compared with the CD44− cells. The CSLCs also displayed the capacity for tumor initiation in human–mouse xenografts.CONCLUSIONSThese results indicate that CSLCs play an important role in ACP development, calcification, and cystic degeneration.
Comparison of stent-assisted and no-stent coil embolization for safety and effectiveness in the treatment of ruptured intracranial aneurysms
Authors: Roh Haewon , Kim Junwon , Bae Heejin , Chong Kyuha , Kim Jong Hyun , Suh Sang-il , Kwon Taek-Hyun , Yoon Wonki 
Published: August 2019

OBJECTIVEThe safety of the stent-assisted coil embolization (SAC) technique for acutely ruptured aneurysms has not been established yet. SAC is believed to be associated with a high risk of thromboembolic and hemorrhagic complications in acute subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the SAC technique in the setting of acutely ruptured aneurysm.METHODSA total of 102 patients who received endovascular treatment for acute SAH between January 2011 and December 2017 were enrolled. The SAC technique was performed in 38 of these patients, whereas the no-stent coil embolization (NSC) technique was performed in 64. The safety and efficacy of the SAC technique in acute SAH was evaluated as compared with the NSC technique by retrospective analysis of radiological and clinical outcomes.RESULTSThere were no significant differences in clinical or angiographic outcomes between the SAC and NSC techniques in patients with acute SAH. The rate of ventriculostomy-related hemorrhagic complications was higher in the SAC group than that in the NSC group (63.6% vs 12.5%; OR 12.25, 95% CI 1.78–83.94, p = 0.01). However, all these complications were asymptomatic and so small that they were only able to be diagnosed with imaging.CONCLUSIONSRuptured wide-necked aneurysms could be effectively and safely treated with the SAC technique, which showed clinical and angiographic outcomes similar to those of the NSC technique. Hence, the SAC technique with dual-antiplatelet drugs may be a viable option even in acute SAH.
First application of 7-T ultra–high field diffusion tensor imaging to detect altered microstructure of thalamic-somatosensory anatomy in trigeminal neuralgia
Authors: Rutland John W. , Huang Kuang-Han , Gill Corey M. , Villavisanis Dillan F. , Alper Judy , Verma Gaurav , Bederson Joshua B. , Delman Bradley N. , Shrivastava Raj K. , Balchandani Priti 
Published: August 2019

OBJECTIVETrigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a debilitating neurological disease that commonly results from neurovascular compression of the trigeminal nerve (CN V). Although the CN V has been extensively studied at the site of neurovascular compression, many pathophysiological factors remain obscure. For example, thalamic-somatosensory function is thought to be altered in TN, but the abnormalities are inadequately characterized. Furthermore, there are few studies using 7-T MRI to examine patients with TN. The purpose of the present study was to use 7-T MRI to assess microstructural alteration in the thalamic-somatosensory tracts of patients with TN by using ultra–high field MRI.METHODSTen patients with TN and 10 age- and sex-matched healthy controls underwent scanning using 7-T MRI with diffusion tensor imaging. Structural images were segmented with an automated algorithm to obtain thalamus and primary somatosensory cortex (S1). Probabilistic tractography was performed between the thalamus and S1, and the microstructure of the thalamic-somatosensory tracts was compared between patients with TN and controls.RESULTSFractional anisotropy of the thalamic-somatosensory tract ipsilateral to the site of neurovascular compression was reduced in patients (mean 0.43) compared with side-matched controls (mean 0.47, p = 0.01). The mean diffusivity was increased ipsilaterally in patients (mean 6.58 × 10−4 mm2/second) compared with controls (mean 6.15 × 10−4 mm2/second, p = 0.02). Radial diffusivity was increased ipsilaterally in patients (mean 4.91 × 10−4 mm2/second) compared with controls (mean 4.44 × 10−4 mm2/second, p = 0.01). Topographical analysis revealed fractional anisotropy reduction and diffusivity elevation along the entire anatomical S1 arc in patients with TN.CONCLUSIONSThe present study is the first to examine microstructural properties of the thalamic-somatosensory anatomy in patients with TN and to evaluate quantitative differences compared with healthy controls. The finding of reduced integrity of these white matter fibers provides evidence of microstructural alteration at the level of the thalamus and S1, and furthers the understanding of TN neurobiology.
Konsep OVOP Untuk Mengidentifikasi Produk Unggulan Daerah (Studi Kasus Wajik Tapai Melayu)
Authors: Sudiar Nining 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In this study, One Village One Product (OVOP) was used to analyze regional development with the aim of advancing the economy of a region through the identification of superior products in the area. The purpose of using One Village One Product (OVOP) is to identify regional superior products, identify market potential and identify regional superior product development strategies using SWOT analysis of Wajik Tapai Melayu food product. The results of this study is that there are several products that can be used as regional superior products in Riau, such as Wajik Tapai Melayu food product. This is also supported by the Government of Riau Province which is now proclaiming the development of tourism objects in Riau to attract more tourists to visit Riau. By increasing tourists to Riau will give an impact on the growth of small industries, such as Wajik Tapai Melayu food products which are also Regional Superior Products in Riau.

Keywords: Regional Superior Products, Riau Malay Tape Diamond, SWOT Analysis, One Village One Product (OVOP)

Abstrak

Dalam penelitian ini digunakan One Village One Product (OVOP) yang bertujuan untuk menganalisis pembangunan daerah dengan tujuan memajukan ekonomi suatu daerah melalui identifikasi produk unggulan yang ada didaerah tersebut. Adapun tujuan menggunakan One Village One Product (OVOP) adalah untuk mengidentifikasi terhadap produk unggulan daerah, mengidentifikasi potensi pasar dan mengidentifikasi strategi pengembangan produk unggulan daerah menggunakan analisia SWOT terhadap produk pangan Wajik Tapai Melayu. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah ada beberapa produk yang bisa dijadikan produk unggulan daerah di Riau salah satunya adalah produk pangan Wajik Tapai Melayu. Hal ini juga didukung oleh Pemerintah Propinsi Riau saat ini mencanangkan pengembangan objek wisata di Riau untuk menarik wisatawan untuk berkunjung ke Riau, dengan meningkatnya wisatawan ke Riau akan berdampak terhadap pertumbuhan industri kecil salah satunya produk pangan Wajik Tape Melayu yang juga menjadi Produk Unggulan Daerah di Riau.
Pengetahuan Wisatawan Mancanegara atas Kehadiran Patung Garuda Wisnu Kencana sebagai Ikon Pariwisata Indonesia
Authors: Supina Supina 
Published: August 2019

Pada tahun 2018 akhirnya Indonesia memiliki Ikon Pariwisata yaitu Patung Garuda Wisnu Kencana yang terletak di Bali yang mana juga merupakan Destinasi Wisata paling terkenal di Indonesia, kehadiran Ikon Pariwisata ini tentunya diharapkan dapat menunjang peningkatkan jumlah wisatawan ke Indonesia terutama wisatawan mancanegara, tetapi satu tahun setelah peresmian masih belum terdengar hal yang baru yang dihasilkan dari kehadiran Ikon Pariwisata ini maupun belum ada kegiatan besar yang dapat mengundang wisatawan berkunjung ke Ikon Pariwisata ini. Oleh karena penelitian deskriptif ini dilakukan dengan menyebarkan kuesioner melalui media daring terhadap wisatawan mancanegara yang berasal dari lima benua di Dunia untuk mengetahui apakah wisatawan mancanegara mengetahui tentang kehadiran Ikon Pariwisata Indonesia Patung Garuda Wisnu Kencana ini. Kata kunci : pariwisata, ikon, kesadaran
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF CONCURRENT CHEMORADIOTHERAPY VS RADIOTHERAPY ALONE IN LOCALLY ADVANCED HEAD AND NECK CANCER
Authors: Dhaka Dr. Saroj , Sharma Dr. Neeti , Kumar Dr. H.S. , Jakhar Dr.  S.L. , Tiwari Dr. Atul 
Published: August 2019

The purpose of the study was to assess difference in the treatment response and toxicity profile among two groups of unresectable locally advanced head and neck malignancies receiving concurrent chemo-radiotherapy versus radiotherapy alone after completing neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
50 patients received neoadjuvant chemotherapy (inj. paclitaxel 175 mg/m2 D1 , Cisplatin 80mg/m2 devided in 2 days & inj 5FU 1gm/m2 iv d1&d2).Then randomly allotted into above two groups to receive 66 Gy fractionated RT alone versus RT along with concurrent 3 weekly inj Cisplatin 80mg/m2 devided in two days. Disease response was evaluated by RECIEST criteria.
All patients tolerated treatment well, no major adverse effects were monitored in two groups. There was no significant statistical difference in treatment response, which was found 88% vs 80% in concurrent CTRT vs RT alone .however toxicity profile was higher in concurrent CTRT group. The 6 months PFS were 83.3% and 78.3% in CTRT and RT alone groups respectively ;(x2=0.196, p value>.05)
Keywords: Radiotherapy alone, Induction chemotherapy, Unresectable locally advanced head and neck cancer.
ЗМЕНШЕННЯ ВИКИДІВ СУДНОВОГО ДИЗЕЛЯ УТИЛІЗАЦІЄЮ ТЕПЛОТИ РЕЦИРКУЛЯЦІЙНИХ ГАЗІВ ЕЖЕКТОРНОЮ ХОЛОДИЛЬНОЮ МАШИНОЮ
Authors: Пирисунько Максим Андрійович , Радченко Роман Миколайович , Андреєв Андрій Адольфович , Корнієнко Вікторія Сергіївна 
Published: August 2019

The problem of air basin pollution of the World Ocean with harmful emissions from the exhaust gases of marine diesel engines is primarily associated with the creation of highly efficient technologies for the neutralization of nitrogen oxides NOx on exhaust gases from a diesel engine. Emissions of harmful substances from the combustion of marine fuels are limited by international atmospheric protection programs and the requirements of the International Maritime Organization (IMO). The requirements relate to almost all groups of harmful emissions in marine engines and the more stringent of them are primarily related to nitrogen oxides NOx and sulfur oxides SOx. To reduce harmful emissions from exhaust gases into the environment, scientists and world engine leaders use and suggest various methods for reducing the content of harmful substances in exhaust gases. The implementation of new standards in the areas of further improvement of the working process, the use of alternative fuels, fuel, and air additives, as well as selective catalytic reduction systems do not preclude further development of scientific research in the field of exhaust gas cleaning. One of the promising ways in environmentalizing marine internal combustion engines is the neutralization of harmful substances in exhaust gases through particular gas recirculation (EGR-technology). However, the use of such techniques conflicts with the engine's energy efficiency. In the work presented, the scheme-design solution of the exhaust gas recirculation system with using the heat of recirculation gases by an ejector refrigeration machine for cooling the air at the intake of ship's main engine is proposed. The effect of using the heat of recirculation gases for cooling the air at the intake of the engine is analyzed taking into account the changing climatic conditions for a particular vessel's route line. It is shown that the use of an ejector refrigeration machine reduces the air temperature at the entrance of the main engine by 5…15 ° С, which reduces the specific fuel consumption. This reduces emissions of harmful substances when the engine is running with recirculation of gases.
ПОНЯТИЕ КОЭФФИЦИЕНТА ЭЛЛИПТИЧНОСТИ ТРАПЕЦИЕВИДНОГО КРЫЛА И МЕТОД ЕГО ОЦЕНКИ
Authors: Лось Александр Васильевич , Рябков Виктор Иванович 
Published: August 2019

When developing modifications of the transport category aircraft to increase their transport efficiency and economy in many cases, there is a need for profound changes in wing parameters. When such changes are implemented, the problem of the wing layout geometry, and the whole lift system “wing + tail unit assemblies”, inevitably arises. The most important step in the selection of parameters of lifting surfaces is to ensure, during their design, the law of change in circulation spanwise, the maximum approximate distribution of circulation in an elliptical wing, which leads to a minimum value of its inductive resistance for a given lift value.The ratio of the circulation values of the velocity of the elliptical (Ge) and tapered (Gt) wings, the values of which are usually estimated using the known coefficients of the wing shapes, was taken as the elliptic coefficient of the tapered wing:– Ktsh and Kesh – the factors of the tapered wing shape and elliptical wing in plan view, equivalent in lift force, as well as in the span and aspect ratio;– Ksh(hi) – the shape factor of the tapered wing, depending on its taper ratio (hi);– Kesh – the optimal value of the shape factor of a simple tapered wing if the taper ratio is h = 2.857 (according to Karafoli), and Сxi min.The analysis of such dependences showed that the increase in the elliptic coefficient Кe is realized by increasing the number of trapezoids (n), forming the plan of the composite wing, and the geometric twist of their local chords.When using such design solutions, it is possible to increase the value Ken, e, and the numerical evaluation models depend, among other things, on: n – the number of trapeziums that form the wing half-sizes; zn i- the coordinates of the wing kinks in its span; ηn – total narrowing of the wing, formed by n trapeziums. e - the relative angles of the geometric twist of the local chords of the trapezoids forming the plan of the modified wing.The developed models are the scientific basis for the re-assembly of not only an isolated wing, but also the entire lift system “wing + tail unit assemblies” that provide minimal inductive resistance, and should also be used as the basis for constructing longitudinal static stability limits and reducing the trim loss of the modification.