bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hygro-mechanical analysis of wood subjected to constant mechanical load and varying relative humidity
Authors: Huč Sabina , Svensson Staffan , Hozjan Tomaž 
Published: June 2018

AbstractA hygro-mechanical (H-M) analysis of a wooden specimen sustaining a mechanical load while subjected to varying relative humidity was performed to predict the long-term rheological behavior of wood. The numerical analysis was based on the experimental results of total strains, monitored in two orthotropic material directions on oak wood specimens under constant uniaxial compression and with moisture content (MC) variation. For the moisture analysis, a multi-Fickian moisture transport model (MFMTM) was used to obtain temporal and spatial MC fields, which were the input data in the mechanical analysis. The presented mechanical model assumed a decomposition of the total strains into the elastic, viscoelastic and mechanosorptive strains and the strains due to shrinkage and swelling. The moisture and mechanical analyses required material parameters, which were taken from the literature or were empirically obtained by a fitting procedure. The performed H-M analysis gave accurate numerical predictions of the experimentally obtained total strains in two orthotropic directions simultaneously. Thus, the analysis developed has a high potential for predicting the long-term rheological behavior of timber structures, assuming that the material parameters are determined previously, based on specific, extensive, multidimensional experimental analyses.
The translation of EU trademarks – a special type of Intellectual Property translation
Authors: Sammut Ivan 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
This paper looks at the industrial practice to translate legal intellectual property text such as patents and trademarks in order to examine if there are or there are not special approaches and methods needed to work on these texts and to identify some translation theories to see if these are or are not applicable to intellectual property text. The theories chosen are examples and far from being exhaustive. Intellectual property field is very wide so focusing on Community Trademark would provide a more focused approach. The paper shows that while many of the general applicable approaches/methods are applicable, yet the translation of trademarks deserves to be treated as a field of specialised translation such as medical or legal. The objective is to show that there are certain translation approaches that are useful for the translation of these types of texts rather than for general translation. This study is mainly limited to the translation of Community Trademarks of the European Union and comparisons which can be made with the translation of patents and or other specialised translation.
Mesoscopic Rigid Body Modelling of the Extracellular Matrix Self-Assembly
Authors: Wong Hua , Prévoteau-Jonquet Jessica , Baud Stéphanie , Dauchez Manuel , Belloy Nicolas 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) plays an important role in supporting tissues and organs. It even has a functional role in morphogenesis and differentiation by acting as a source of active molecules (matrikines). Many diseases are linked to dysfunction of ECM components and fragments or changes in their structures. As such it is a prime target for drugs. Because of technological limitations for observations at mesoscopic scales, the precise structural organisation of the ECM is not well-known, with sparse or fuzzy experimental observables. Based on the Unity3D game and physics engines, along with rigid body dynamics, we propose a virtual sandbox to model large biological molecules as dynamic chains of rigid bodies interacting together to gain insight into ECM components behaviour in the mesoscopic range. We have preliminary results showing how parameters such as fibre flexibility or the nature and number of interactions between molecules can induce different structures in the basement membrane. Using the Unity3D game engine and virtual reality headset coupled with haptic controllers, we immerse the user inside the corresponding simulation. Untrained users are able to navigate a complex virtual sandbox crowded with large biomolecules models in a matter of seconds.
The deal.II library, Version 9.0
Authors: Alzetta Giovanni , Arndt Daniel , Bangerth Wolfgang , Boddu Vishal , Brands Benjamin , Davydov Denis , Gassmöller Rene , Heister Timo , Heltai Luca , Kormann Katharina , Kronbichler Martin , Maier Matthias , Pelteret Jean-Paul , Turcksin Bruno , Wells David 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
This paper provides an overview of the new features of the finite element library deal.II version 9.0.
Agreement with overt and null arguments in Ingush
Authors: Nichols Johanna 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Ingush (Nakh-Daghestanian, Caucasus) offers a variety of contexts with contrast, variation, or speaker choice between agreement and non-agreement and between overt and null arguments, which provide speakers many opportunities to manipulate agreement and argument marking. Ingush discourse is therefore a good test case for the plausible hypothesis that agreement and overt arguments are in complementary distribution. I survey referential density in a corpus of about 5000 words and find no evidence of either straightforward complementarity or expected incidental effects of such complementarity, and some evidence going against it. Some additional, orthogonal distributions were evident, showing that the corpus is large enough to reveal discourse effects if they were present. Ingush agreement is in gender, not person, and there is an arbitrary and strictly lexical bifurcation of verbs into those that do and those that do not have gender agreement; these typological points raise comparative and theoretical issues of interest.
Dimerized high contrast gratings
Authors: Overvig Adam C. , Shrestha Sajan , Yu Nanfang 
Published: June 2018

AbstractMetasurfaces and planar photonic crystals are two classes of subwavelength diffractive optical devices offering novel functionalities. The former employ independently operating subwavelength “meta-units” as their building blocks, while the latter exploit the collective response of many periodic building blocks. High contrast gratings (HCGs) are an example of one-dimensional (1D) planar photonic crystals with large refractive index contrast, exhibiting large in-plane scattering even with a limited number of grating periods. They are best known for their broadband features. Low contrast gratings (LCGs) are known for their control over sharp spectral features but require many periods due to small in-plane scattering. We explore a class of symmetry-broken HCGs called dimerized high contrast gratings (DHCGs), which have a period-doubling perturbation applied. DHCGs support modes accessible by free-space illumination with a long, controllable photon lifetime (inversely proportional to the magnitude of the perturbation) and reduced lateral energy divergence (confined by the high index contrast of the grating). We catalogue and clarify the resonant modes introduced by the dimerizing perturbation in 1D DHCGs and briefly explore the increased in-plane scattering present in two-dimensional (2D) DHCGs. We introduce an approach maximizing lateral localization by band structure engineering in the unperturbed HCG and using the dimerizing perturbation to generate sharp spectral features in devices with small footprint. We confirm the simultaneous control of photon lifetime and lateral localization with full-wave simulations of finite-sized DHCGs. We conclude by numerically demonstrating two compact devices (an optical modulator and a refractive index sensor) benefitting from the unique design freedoms of DHCGs.
Reconfigurable epsilon-near-zero metasurfaces via photonic doping
Authors: Liberal Iñigo , Li Yue , Engheta Nader 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe next generation of flat optic devices aspires to a dynamic control of the wavefront characteristics. Here, we theoretically investigated the reconfigurable capabilities of an epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) metasurface augmented with resonant dielectric rods. We showed that the transmission spectrum of the metasurface is characterized by a Fano-like resonance, where the metasurface behavior changed from perfect magnetic conductor to epsilon-and-mu-near-zero material responses. The abrupt variation between these two extreme material responses suggests potential applications in dynamic metasurfaces. We highlighted the causality aspects of ENZ metasurfaces with a transient analysis and numerically investigated different reconfigurable mechanisms. Thus, this work introduces a new strategy for dynamic wavefront engineering.
Analysis and quantitative estimation of phenolic antioxidants in polypropylene packaging for fat products
Authors: Baloul Hakim , Belhaneche-Bensemra Naima , Rodriguez Bernaldo De Quirós Ana , Sendon Raquel 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
The aim of this work was to study the interactions between polypropylene (PP) food packaging for fatty products (margarine) and food simulant. For this purpose, a simulant (olive oil) was used in two different temperatures (20°C and 40°C). The interaction phenomena were investigated according to the rate of mass variation of PP samples with time and by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results showed the presence of two phenomena – migration of additives and sorption of the simulant, with the phenomena more pronounced at 40°C. Furthermore, the HPLC analysis identified the presence of Irganox 1010 and Irgafos 168 as antioxydants and allowed to carry out a kinetic study of Irganox 1010 migration. The concentration of Irganox 1010 decreased from 13.35 to 4.76 mg/kg at a temperature of 40°C and to 5.85 mg/kg at a temperature of 20°C after 10 days of contact with olive oil. The Irgafos 168 migration could not be evaluated because it is very sensitive to oxidation.
Non-parametric estimation of population size changes from the site frequency spectrum
Authors: Waltoft Berit Lindum , Hobolth Asger 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Changes in population size is a useful quantity for understanding the evolutionary history of a species. Genetic variation within a species can be summarized by the site frequency spectrum (SFS). For a sample of size n, the SFS is a vector of length n − 1 where entry i is the number of sites where the mutant base appears i times and the ancestral base appears n − i times. We present a new method, CubSFS, for estimating the changes in population size of a panmictic population from an observed SFS. First, we provide a straightforward proof for the expression of the expected site frequency spectrum depending only on the population size. Our derivation is based on an eigenvalue decomposition of the instantaneous coalescent rate matrix. Second, we solve the inverse problem of determining the changes in population size from an observed SFS. Our solution is based on a cubic spline for the population size. The cubic spline is determined by minimizing the weighted average of two terms, namely (i) the goodness of fit to the observed SFS, and (ii) a penalty term based on the smoothness of the changes. The weight is determined by cross-validation. The new method is validated on simulated demographic histories and applied on unfolded and folded SFS from 26 different human populations from the 1000 Genomes Project.
Survey of chronic pain in Chile – prevalence and treatment, impact on mood, daily activities and quality of life
Authors: Bilbeny Norberto , Miranda Juan Pablo , Eberhard María Eliana , Ahumada Marisol , Méndez Lorena , Orellana María Elena , Cid Loreto , Ritter Paola , Fernández Rodrigo 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

Background and aims
The prevalence of chronic non-cancer pain has not been specifically reported in Chile.

Methods
In order to assess its prevalence and impact, we designed a tool based on previously published survey studies. We analyzed a sample of 784 subjects to determine the prevalence of chronic non-cancer pain, with a maximum variability of 50%, a confidence interval (CI) of 95%, and an estimation error of 3.5%. Finally, a cross-sectional cell phone survey was conducted on a nationally representative probability sample of 865 subjects of over 18 years, in November 2013. The prevalence of chronic non-cancer pain was estimated by using expansion factors according to national projections by age group and gender, from the Chilean National Institute of Statistics for the year 2010.

Results
The estimated prevalence of chronic non-cancer pain was 32.1% (95% CI: 26.5–36.0). The respondents with chronic non-cancer pain presented the following results: 65.7% had moderate pain, and 20.8%, severe pain; 65.6% had somatic pain, 31.7% neuropathic pain, and 2.7% visceral pain. Approximately 70% reported they were receiving some kind of pharmacological treatment with certain frequency. In 64.9%, medication was prescribed by a physician. The prevalence of sick leave in workers was 30.22%, with a median duration of 14 days (interquartile range: 14; range: 1–60).

Conclusions
Chronic non-oncological pain occurs in 32% of Chilean adults. These figures provide the first measurement of chronic non-cancer pain in the Chilean population.

Implications
Chronic non-oncological pain impact as a public health problem is revealed, given the high prevalence found, and the elevated private and social costs involved.
Nonlinear and asymmetric pricing behaviour in the Spanish gasoline market
Authors: Escribano Alvaro , Torrado María 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Over the last decades a transition from a state-own monopoly to a private business took place in the Spanish fuel sector. To figure out whether downstream prices react differently to upstream price increases than to price decreases, alternative dynamic nonlinear and asymmetric error correction models are applied to weekly price data. This paper analyse the existence of price asymmetries in the fuel market in Spain during the 2011–2016 period. In comparison with traditional asymmetric price theory literature, this paper introduces a new double threshold error correction (ECM) model (DT-ECM) and new double logistic ECM models and compares them with more common linear ECM, time varying parameter models (TV-ECM), threshold autoregressive models (T-ECM), smooth transition autoregressive (STAR) models and nonlinear error correction (Logistic-ECM) and double threshold Logistic (DT-Logistic ECM). The asymmetric results found in Spain in the oil sector, show that sophisticated bivariate short-run nonlinearities are present in the gasoline market prices and that those price reactions depend on two main aspects; whether the oil price increases or decreases and on the stage (above of below) of the prices of gasoline relative to their long-run expected crude oil prices (error correction term). Those empirical results are consistent with the economic explanations based on market power-collusion and/or with consumer having search costs.
Duplicity in possessive merger: evidence from Spanish alienable possessive constructions
Authors: Kim Sangyoon 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIn this paper, I argue that Spanish prenominal and postnominal possessives target different external merge positions focusing on alienable possessive constructions. The analysis is developed alongside a proposal on the organization of DPs, according to which articles are merged as a DP-internal category between the domains assigned to direct and indirect modifiers. Prenominal possessives are determiners reanalyzed from direct modification adjectives whereas postnominal possessives are indirect modification adjectives that arise as predicates of reduced relative clauses. This analysis provides a principled explanation on the behavior of Spanish possessives that is lacking in the generalized idea that they are pronouns with a unique merge position. Arguments are also presented showing that syntax-driven phonological restrictions condition the derivation of DPs. The account successfully derives the core properties of word order variation and related issues within possessive constructions.
Städtische Raumproduktion durch touristische Praktiken
Authors: Saretzki Anja 
Published: June 2018

Zusammenfassung
Städte sind nicht nur Heimaträume oder ökonomische Zentren, sondern auch touristische Destinationen. In der Postmoderne ist dies mit einer zunehmenden Verschränkung von Tourismus und Alltag verbunden: Städtischer Alltag wird als touristische Sehenswürdigkeit in den Blick genommen und geriert als Lifeseeing zum Garanten für vermeintlich authentische Erlebnisse. Gleichzeitig unterscheiden sich Touristen und Stadtbewohner in Zeiten einer fortschreitenden Touristifizierung des Alltags immer weniger voneinander. Vor dem Hintergrund dieser Entwicklungen wird aufgezeigt, wie touristische Praktiken nicht-touristischer Akteure in die städtische Raumproduktion eingreifen. An verschiedenen Beispielen der Resignifizierung touristischer Praktiken werden die Konturen eines oppositional post-tourism (Munt) aufgezeigt, der auf der Basis touristischer Praktiken sowohl den Stadtraum verändert als auch das Verhältnis von Einwohnern zu ihren Städten. Damit versteht sich der Beitrag als Erklärungsversuch hinsichtlich der Veränderungsprozesse vormals typischer Muster des Stadttouristischen.
Die sprachliche Konstruktion von Mußeräumen im Städtetourismus am Beispiel von Florenz, Italien
Authors: Kramer Clara Sofie 
Published: June 2018

Zusammenfassung
Der europäische Städtetourismus boomt. Gleichzeitig findet in Teilen der Gesellschaft eine Entwicklung hin zu Ausprägungen von Muße statt. Muße gewinnt als Gegenstand der geographischen Tourismusforschung an Relevanz, da das gesellschaftliche Bedürfnis nach ihr im Sinne des konstruktivistischen Raumbegriffes touristische Erfahrungswelten produziert und verändert. Mittels einer qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse dreier deutschsprachiger Reiseführer (ADAC, Baedeker, Reise Know-How) wird am Beispiel von Florenz untersucht, wie Muße im touristisch-urbanen Kontext als erfahrbar beschrieben und welche touristischen Schauplätze als Mußeräume sprachlich konstruiert werden. Die Ergebnisse zeigen unter anderem, dass die Reiseführer Genuss als wichtigste Form der touristisch-urbanen Mußeerfahrung in Florenz und vorrangig Räume des Geschmacks als Mußeräume darstellen.
Der Süden: zur Konstruktion einer Raumsemantik im Tourismus
Authors: Thimm Tatjana 
Published: June 2018

Zusammenfassung
Dieser Beitrag untersucht, inwiefern die Sapir-Whorf- Hypothese, die die Abhängigkeit des Denkens von der Sprache postuliert, einen Erklärungsansatz zur raumsemantischen Konstruktion des touristischen Südens liefern kann. Sie dient als Analyseraster in Verbindung mit empirischen Befunden zu den touristischen Imageprofilen von Sevilla und Buenos Aires, die als Fallbeispiele touristischer Städte des Südens gewählt wurden.
Markenführung von Destinationen – Zwischen ökonomischem Nutzen, sozialer Konstruktion und Machbarkeit
Authors: Eisenstein Bernd 
Published: June 2018

ZusammenfassungDer vorliegende Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit der Markenführung von Destinationen. Ausgehend von wettbewerbsintensiven Marktgegebenheiten und der wichtigen Rolle des Destinationsimages bei der Reisezielwahl wird die Wettbewerbsstellung der Destination nicht als unabdingbar gegebenes Faktum betrachtet. So scheint es mittels des Aufbaus und der Führung einer Destinationsmarke grundsätzlich möglich, Einfluss auf das sozial konstruierte Destinationsimage zu nehmen, um Vorteile im Wettbewerb zu erlangen. Im Mittelpunkt müssen dabei die auf Basis einer differenzierenden Positionierung des Reiseziels zu erzielenden emotional-symbolischen Nutzenstiftungen des Nachfragers stehen. Eine einfache Übertragung von Erfahrungen der Markenführung aus der Konsumgüterindustrie auf Destinationen scheint dabei nicht möglich, da eine ganze Reihe von Besonderheiten zu beachten sind. Der Beitrag schließt mit einer kritischen Beurteilung und zeigt eine Reihe von Forschungsfragen auf, die bislang noch nicht ausreichend beantwortet sind.
Júzcar – ein „pueblo blanco“ macht blau
Authors: Arnold Gregor , Lessen Julia van 
Published: June 2018

ZusammenfassungDer Artikel setzt sich mit der medieninduzierten Tourismusentwicklung des andalusischen Dorfes Júzcar auseinander. Júzcar gilt seit 2011 als das erste Schlumpfdorf der Welt: Aus Anlass der Premiere des Kinofilms „Die Schlümpfe“ waren alle Hausfassaden blau gefärbt worden, und die Bewohner stimmten der Beibehaltung der blauen Fassaden zu. Vor dem Hintergrund von Lefebvres Überlegungen zur Produktion von Raum, sozialgeographischen Perspektiven und qualitativen empirischen Daten werden die Akteure und Dimensionen des Transformationsprozesses analysiert. Einfließen werden außerdem Aspekte der Mediengeographie und des Filmtourismus, die die Wechselwirkungen von Medien auf soziale Prozesse und Tourismus untersuchen. Es wird gezeigt, wie sich die Akteure des Transformationsprozesses und besonders die Bewohner von Júzcar in ihrer alltäglichen Praxis an der fiktionalen Erzählung über die Schlümpfe orientiert haben und wie dabei durch Raumproduktionen an einem Ort verschiedene Welten entstehen.
‚Eine Landschaft wie ein Gemälde?‘ – Die Inszenierung von Landschaft im Wander- und Fahrradtourismus
Authors: Aschenbrand Erik 
Published: June 2018

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag befasst sich mit der Frage, wie Landschaft von Reiseveranstaltern inszeniert und von Touristen konsumiert wird. Theoretische Grundlage bildet ein sozialkonstruktivistisches Verständnis von Landschaft. Reiseveranstalter übernehmen stereotype landschaftliche Vorstellungen aus Malerei, Film und Literatur, um Destinationen zu bewerben. Klischees sind für den Tourismus von höchster wirtschaftlicher Bedeutung, da sie es erlauben, komplexe Gebilde wie Regionen auf eine leicht verständliche Aussage verdichtet als Produkte zu positionieren. Auf der Reise zeigt sich, dass Vorstellungen von idealen Landschaften, mit Wünschen über deren Aneignung verbunden sind. John Urry hat diese Wünsche als ‚tourist gaze‘ bezeichnet und treffend beschrieben. Der Wunsch nach ‚tourist gaze‘ wiederum hat seinen Ursprung in einer stereotypen Vorstellung vom Reisenden als Entdecker.
The 3D supramolecular architecture of copper(II) 6-methyl-2-pyridone-4-carboxylate: synthesis, structure, magnetic behavior and DFT studies
Authors: Jing Ran , Tang Long , Hou XiangYang , Wang Xiao , Wang JiJiang , Ju Ping 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
The reaction of Cu(NO3)2·3H2O and 6-methyl-2-pyridone-4-carboxylic acid (Hhmpca) under hydrothermal condition produced a new copper(II) coordination polymer [Cu(hmpca)2(H2O)2]·4H2O (1), which has been characterized by elemental analysis, infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The Cu(II) ions are linked by coordinating water molecule bridges to generate a polymeric chain, and adjacent chains are connected to form a layer structure through interchain N–H···O hydrogen bonding. Because of the strong hydrogen bonds of free water molecules, ladder-shaped water chains are produced. Further, the layers and the water chains are linked into a three-dimensional supramolecular structure through strong O–H···O hydrogen bonds. Magnetic susceptibility measurements have indicated that compound 1 shows antiferromagnetic interactions between the adjacent Cu(II) ions. Based on the crystal structure data, compound 1 was analyzed using hybrid density functional theory (DFT) methods at the B3LYP/6-31G(d) level, and a DFT-broken symmetry approach was applied to study the magnetic coupling behavior. The calculated exchange coupling constant J is in good agreement with the experimental data.