bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immunolocalization of muscarinic M1 receptor in the rat medial prefrontal cortex
Authors: Oda Satoko , Tsuneoka Yousuke , Yoshida Sachine , Adachi‐Akahane Satomi , Ito Masanori , Kuroda Masaru , Funato Hiromasa 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) has been considered to participate in many higher cognitive functions, such as memory formation and spatial navigation. These cognitive functions are modulated by cholinergic afferents via muscarinic acetylcholine receptors. Previous pharmacological studies have strongly suggested that the M1 receptor (M1R) is the most important subtype among muscarinic receptors to perform these cognitive functions. Actually, M1R is abundant in mPFC. However, the proportion of somata containing M1R among cortical cellular types, and the precise intracellular localization of M1R remain unclear. In this study, to clarify the precise immunolocalization of M1R in rat mPFC, we examined three major cellular types, pyramidal neurons, inhibitory neurons, and astrocytes. M1R immunopositivity signals were found in the majority of the somata of both pyramidal neurons and inhibitory neurons. In pyramidal neurons, strong M1R immunopositivity signals were usually found throughout their somata and dendrites including spines. On the other hand, the signal strength of M1R immunopositivity in the somata of inhibitory neurons significantly varied. Some neurons showed strong signals. Whereas about 40% of GAD67‐immunopositive neurons and 30% of parvalbumin‐immunopositive neurons (PV neurons) showed only weak signals. In PV neurons, M1R immunopositivity signals were preferentially distributed in somata. Furthermore, we found that many astrocytes showed substantial M1R immunopositivity signals. These signals were also mainly distributed in their somata. Thus, the distribution pattern of M1R markedly differs between cellular types. This difference might underlie the cholinergic modulation of higher cognitive functions subserved by mPFC.
Adult‐specific insulin‐producing neurons in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Ohhara Yuya , Kobayashi Satoru , Yamakawa‐Kobayashi Kimiko , Yamanaka Naoki 
Published: February 2018

AbstractHolometabolous insects undergo metamorphosis to reorganize their behavioral and morphological features into adult‐specific ones. In the central nervous system (CNS), some larval neurons undergo programmed cell death, whereas others go through remodeling of axonal and dendritic arbors to support functions of re‐established adult organs. Although there are multiple neuropeptides that have stage‐specific roles in holometabolous insects, the reorganization pattern of the entire neuropeptidergic system through metamorphosis still remains largely unclear. In this study, we conducted a mapping and lineage tracing of peptidergic neurons in the larval and adult CNS by using Drosophila genetic tools. We found that Diuretic hormone 44‐producing median neurosecretory cells start expressing Insulin‐like peptide 2 in the pharate adult stage. This neuronal cluster projects to the corpora cardiaca and dorsal vessel in both larval and adult stages, and also innervates an adult‐specific structure in the digestive tract, the crop. We propose that the adult‐specific insulin‐producing cells may regulate functions of the digestive system in a stage‐specific manner. Our study provides a neuroanatomical basis for understanding remodeling of the neuropeptidergic system during insect development and evolution.
Activation of Dinitrogen with a Superalkali Species, Li3F2
Authors: Park Heejune , Meloni Giovanni 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe front cover artwork is provided by the group of Professor Giovanni Meloni at the University of San Francisco, USA. The image shows how an increasing number of superalkali species (Li3F2) interacts with molecular nitrogen weakening the bond up to complete dissociation. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/cphc.201701232.
Accelerated Cocrystallization of Cytosine and Succinic Acid Through Compaction+Grinding
Authors: Li Xiaorui , Qi Min , Yu Qiushuo , Ma Xiaoxun 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe solid‐state co‐grinding has been used as an effective method to prepare cocrystals. However, in some cases, this method could be time‐consuming, especially for milling by hands. In this work, the operation of co‐grinding is treated as two steps: the compaction of raw material mixture and relative motion and collision between solid particles. A simple pretreatment via compaction of raw material mixture prior to neat grinding is proven to accelerate cytosine‐succinic acid cocrystallization. All grinding operations are conducted by only one researcher in order to avoid the variation from different individuals.
Highly Dispersed Metal Carbide on ZIF‐Derived Pyridinic‐N‐Doped Carbon for CO2 Enrichment and Selective Hydrogenation
Authors: Li Yunhua , Cai Xiaohu , Chen Sijing , Zhang Hua , Zhang Kevin H. L. , Hong Jinqing , Chen Binghui , Kuo Dong‐Hau , Wang Wenju 
Published: February 2018

AbstractCatalytic conversion of CO2 into chemicals is a critical issue for energy and environmental research. Among such reactions, converting CO2 into CO has been regarded as a significant foundation to generate a liquid fuels and chemicals on a large scale. In this work, zeolitic imidazolate framework‐derived N‐doped carbon‐supported metal carbide catalysts (M/ZIF‐8‐C; M=Ni, Fe, Co and Cu) with highly dispersed metal carbide were prepared for selective CO2 hydrogenation. Under the same metal loadings, catalytic activity for CO2 hydrogenation to CO follows the order: Ni/ZIF‐8‐C≈Fe/ZIF‐8‐C>Co/ZIF‐8‐C>Cu/ZIF‐8‐C. These catalysts are composed of carbide or metal supported on pyridinic N sites within the N‐doped carbon structure. ZIF‐8‐derived pyridinic nitrogen and carbide effect CO2 adsorption, whereas dispersed Ni or Fe carbide and metal species serve as an active site for CO2 hydrogenation. The supported Ni catalyst exhibits extraordinary catalytic performance, which results from high dispersion of the metal and exposure of the carbide. Based on high‐sensitivity low‐energy ion scattering (HS‐LEIS) and line scan results, density functional theory (DFT) was used to understand reaction mechanism of selective CO2 hydrogenation over Ni/ZIF‐8‐C. The product CO is derived mainly from the direct cleavage of C−O bonds in CO2* rather than decomposition of COOH*. The CO* desorption energy on Ni/ZIF‐8‐C is lower than that for further hydrogenation and dissociation. Comparison of Ni/ZIF‐8‐C with ZIF‐8‐C indicates that the combined effects of the highly dispersed metal or carbide and weak CO adsorption result in high CO selectivity for CO2 hydrogenation.
On the measurement of thin‐ideal internalization: Implications for interpretation of risk factors and treatment outcome in eating disorders research
Authors: Thompson J. Kevin , Schaefer Lauren M. , Dedrick Robert F. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractObjectiveAlthough the Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire (SATAQ) and Ideal Body Stereotype Scale (IBSS) are used interchangeably to assess thin ideal internalization, limited work has examined the assumption that the two measures index the same construct.MethodThe current study utilized confirmatory factor analysis to examine whether these measures capture a single construct (one‐factor), two constructs (two‐factor), or both shared and unique constructs (bifactor). The SATAQ‐4R‐Internalization: Thin/Low Body Fat subscale and IBSS‐Revised were administered to 1,114 college females.ResultsA bifactor model provided the best fit to the data. Further, the SATAQ‐4R was more strongly related to disordered eating and body satisfaction than the IBSS‐R.DiscussionResults indicate that the two most commonly used measures of internalization capture both shared and unique constructs. While both measures appear to contribute to the assessment of a global internalization factor, the SATAQ‐4R may be better suited to assess personal acceptance of and desire to achieve a thin body, while the IBSS‐R may be better suited to assess an awareness or acknowledgement of broader sociocultural ideals (e.g., toned, shapely bodies). Continued psychometric investigation of the scales is recommended in order to ensure targeted assessment of the intended constructs.
Conditional effects of tides and waves on short‐term marsh sedimentation dynamics
Authors: Ma Zhigang , Ysebaert Tom , van der Wal Daphne , Herman Peter M.J. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractSalt marshes are in danger of degradation due to human impact and climate change. A thorough understanding of mechanisms controlling sedimentation and erosion in salt marshes is essential for their conservation and restoration. To understand short‐term dynamics of sediment availability and deposition around marsh edges, two contrasting marshes, Rattekaai and Sint Annaland, were studied in the Oosterschelde (southwest Netherlands). Suspended sediment concentration (SSC) was measured by siphon samplers along four transects perpendicular to the marsh edge in each marsh, during nine flood tides between March and December 2013. Each transect was comprised of four sampling sites (−10 m and −1 m on the mudflat and +1 m and +10 m on the marsh plateau, relative to the marsh edge). Sediment deposition was measured along the transects on the marsh, at +1 m and +10 m from the marsh edge, over seven c. 14‐day intervals during the same 10‐month period. Two types of sediment traps were used, one measuring gross sediment deposition (TTD – tube trap deposition) and one measuring net sediment deposition (FTD – filter trap deposition). Wave loggers were deployed 10 m away from the marsh edge on the mudflat at each marsh. The results showed that both SSC and sediment deposition varied greatly through space, both between the two marshes and within each marsh along the marsh edge. The SSC and gross sediment deposition were much higher at Rattekaai than at Sint Annaland. SSC was significantly correlated with wind speed during sampling. Sediment deposition rates (TTD and FTD) and retention ratio (FTD/TTD) were significantly correlated with cumulative wave energy during the measurement period. A conceptual model of local sediment dynamics is proposed to explain the sediment dynamics around the marsh edge. This study highlights the importance of incorporating local sediment dynamics when evaluating marsh vulnerability and stability. Copyright © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
New evidence on the robust identification of news shocks: Role of revisions in utilization‐adjusted TFP series and term structure data
Authors: Chen Zhang , Wagan Zulfiqar Ali , Seelro Hakimzadi 
Published: February 2018

AbstractData revisions and selections of appropriate forwarding‐looking variables have a major impact on true identification of news shocks and quality of research findings derived from structural vector autoregression (SVAR) estimation. This paper revisits news shocks to identify the role of different vintages of total factor productivity (TFP) series and term structure of interest rates as major prognosticators of future economic growth. There is a growing strand of literature regarding the use of utilization‐adjusted TFP series, provided by Fernald (Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, Working Paper Series, 2014) for identification of news shocks. We reestimate Barsky and Sims' (Journal of Monetary Economics, 2011, 58, 273–289) empirical analysis by employing 2007 and 2015 vintages of TFP data. We find substantial quantitative as well as qualitative differences among impulse response functions when using 2007 and 2015 vintages of TFP data. Output and hours initially decline, followed by quick reversal of both variables. In sharp contrast to results achieved by the 2007 vintage of TFP data, results achieved by the 2015 vintage of TFP data depict that output and hours will increase in response to positive TFP shock. By including term structure data in our VAR specification, total surprise technology shock and news shock account for 97% and 92% of the forecast error variance in total TFP and total output respectively. We find that revisions in TFP series over time ultimately impact the conclusion regarding news shocks on business cycles. Our results support the notion that term structure data help in better identification of news shock as compared to other forward‐looking variables.
Scenario planning: An investigation of the construct and its measurement
Authors: Bouhalleb Arafet , Smida Ali 
Published: February 2018

AbstractScenario‐planning academicians and practitioners have been observing for more than three decades the importance of this method in dealing with environmental uncertainty. However, there has been no valid scale that may help organizational leaders to act in practice. Our review of prior studies identifies some problems related to conceptualization, reliability, and validity of this construct. We address these concerns by developing and validating a measure of scenario planning based on Churchill's paradigm (Journal of Marketing Research, 1979, 16, 64–73). Our data analysis follows from a sample of 133 managers operating in the healthcare field in France. To validate our scale, we used three approaches: first, an exploratory factor analysis; second, an examination of psychometric proprieties of all dimensions; and third, a confirmatory factor analysis. The results of this study indicate that scenario planning is a multidimensional construct composed of three dimensions: information acquisition, knowledge dissemination, and scenario development and strategic choices.
Can you detect early dementia from an email? A proof of principle study of daily computer use to detect cognitive and functional decline
Authors: Stringer G. , Couth S. , Brown L.J.E. , Montaldi D. , Gledson A. , Mellor J. , Sutcliffe A. , Sawyer P. , Keane J. , Bull C. , Zeng X. , Rayson P. , Leroi I. 
Published: February 2018

ObjectiveTo determine whether multiple computer use behaviours can distinguish between cognitively healthy older adults and those in the early stages of cognitive decline, and to investigate whether these behaviours are associated with cognitive and functional ability.MethodsOlder adults with cognitive impairment (n = 20) and healthy controls (n = 24) completed assessments of cognitive and functional abilities and a series of semi‐directed computer tasks. Computer use behaviours were captured passively using bespoke software.ResultsThe profile of computer use behaviours was significantly different in cognitively impaired compared with cognitively healthy control participants including more frequent pauses, slower typing, and a higher proportion of mouse clicks. These behaviours were significantly associated with performance on cognitive and functional assessments, in particular, those related to memory.ConclusionUnobtrusively capturing computer use behaviours offers the potential for early detection of neurodegeneration in non‐clinical settings, which could enable timely interventions to ultimately improve long‐term outcomes.
Is health care infected byBaumol's cost disease? Test of a new model
Authors: Atanda Akinwande , Menclova Andrea Kutinova , Reed W. Robert 
Published: February 2018

AbstractRising health care costs are a policy concern across the Organisation for Economic Co‐operation and Development, and relatively little consensus exists concerning their causes. One explanation that has received revived attention is Baumol's cost disease (BCD). However, developing a theoretically appropriate test of BCD has been a challenge. In this paper, we construct a 2‐sector model firmly based on Baumol's axioms. We then derive several testable propositions. In particular, the model predicts that (a) the share of total labor employed in the health care sector and (b) the relative price index of the health and non‐health care sectors should both be positively related to economy‐wide productivity. The model also predicts that (c) the share of labor in the health sector will be negatively related and (d) the ratio of prices in the health and non‐health sectors unrelated, to the demand for non‐health services. Using annual data from 28 Organisation for Economic Co‐operation and Development countries over the years 1995–2016 and from 14 U.S. industry groups over the years 1947–2015, we find little evidence to support the predictions of BCD once we address spurious correlation due to coincident trending and other econometric issues.
Innovation strategy management survey of the Chilean biomedical industry. Assessment of windows of opportunities to reduce technological gaps
Authors: Bas Tomas Gabriel , Oliu Carolina Alejandra 
Published: February 2018

SummaryThe convergence of different theories (ie, catch‐up effect and windows of opportunities) allows for the interpretation of different “technological innovation gaps” in Chile's biomedical industry. It is common knowledge that Chile has always had an economy almost exclusively based on services, commodities, and mainly in the exploitation of natural resources with low value added. The literature confirms that countries that concentrate their economies on the knowledge, research, development, and commercialization of technology and innovation have a better and more stable growth rate in the medium and long run. The “Asian Tigers” are a good example of this. Analyzing the technological gaps that affect the Chilean biomedical industry, it is possible to find windows of opportunities to catch up. This could allow the country to take its knowledge, skills, and capabilities further, thus enabling Chile to not just depend on its unpredictable natural resources. For the first time, a quantitative diagnosis of the Chilean biomedical industry was made. This study considered the Chilean biomedical industry and its innovation and entrepreneurship environment, taking into account its productive capacities and its potential to make progress in technological innovation and, as a result, dramatically reducing technological gaps through windows of opportunities.
Short‐term and long‐term survival probabilities among first‐ever ischaemic and haemorrhagic stroke patients at a hospital in the suburban east coast of Peninsular Malaysia
Authors: Wan‐Arfah Nadiah , Hafiz Hanafi Muhammad , Naing Nyi Nyi , Muzaimi Mustapha , Shetty Hamsaraj G.M. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAimThis study aimed to determine the 28‐day, 1‐year, and 5‐year survival probabilities in first‐ever stroke patients in a relatively understudied setting: a suburban hospital that serves a predominantly rural population in the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia.Methods and resultsA retrospective record review was conducted among 432 first‐ever stroke patients admitted to the Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia. Data from between January 1, 2005 and December 31, 2011, were extracted from the medical records. The Kaplan‐Meier product limit estimator was applied to determine the 28‐day, 1‐year, and 5‐year survival probabilities. Log‐rank test was used to test the equality of survival time between different groups. A total of 101 patients died during the study period. The 28‐day, 1‐year, and 5‐year survival probabilities were 78.0% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 73.5–81.9), 74.2% (95% CI: 69.4–78.4), and 70.9% (95% CI: 65.1–75.9), respectively. There were significant differences in the survival time based on the types of stroke, Glasgow Coma Scale, hyperlipidaemia, atrial fibrillation, fasting blood glucose, and diastolic blood pressure.ConclusionThis study, though retrospective, highlights several clinical parameters that influenced the survival probabilities among first‐ever stroke patients managed in a suburban setting in Malaysia, and compared them to those reported in more urban regions. Our data emphasise the need for wider establishment of specialized stroke units and teams, as well as for prospective multi‐centre studies on first‐ever stroke patients to better inform the development of stroke care provision in Malaysia.
Key and Smart Actions to Alleviate Hunger and Poverty Through Irrigation and Drainage
Authors: Unver Olcay , Wahaj Robina , Lorenzon Elisa , Mohammadi Kourosh , Osias Jerome R. , Reinders Felix , Wani Suhas , Chuchra Jyotsana , Lee Peter , Sangjun I.M. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractIn the pursuit of information to support policies and actions to alleviate hunger and poverty through irrigation and drainage, this paper attempts to provide correlations between water scarcity, communities and poverty. Many reviews have found strong direct and indirect relationships between irrigation and poverty. One of the main goals of the international community is to eliminate hunger and poverty and in this perspective, through the Millennium Development Goals, much progress has been achieved and evidence obtained. Sustainable Development Goals and various other United Nations initiatives intend to move forward this agenda by making it a part of broader development frameworks. In this paper, the important elements of irrigation and drainage that affect the alleviation of hunger and poverty are discussed. These elements are grouped into governance, rights‐based developments, water rights and pricing, management, efficiency improvement, and the role of technology. Both the potential and the need for innovative technology and solutions in irrigation are underlined, which can be used to cater for the challenges in different subsectors. The main focus of these solutions is on maximizing productivity and efficiency, reducing water losses, achieving sustainable intensification and managing demands on water resources and the associated trade‐offs. Copyright © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
RESEARCHING GAMBLING WITH ABORIGINAL PEOPLE
Authors: Steane Peter D. , McMillen Jan , Togni Samantha 
Published: February 2018

Socio‐economic impact studies can present methodological problems, especially when the focus complex or value‐laden. As well, the context of such studies can also influence their complexity, for example if they involve research among young people or particular cultural groups. These problems are compounded when the research methods used are themselves culturally‐based or impose cultural assumptions and practices on the research.This paper is intended to offer some reflections about researching gambling among Aboriginal communities in the Northern Territory of Australia. It is not reporting any findings about this research, as it is still ongoing and will not be completed until 1998. But at this stage, the researchers are in a position to offer some observations about the strengths and limitations of research methodologies for a project such as this. We conclude that lessons arising from such observations and reflections are worth considering in other research projects, whether about gambling of other activities among different cultural groups.