bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phosphorylation at Ser28 stabilizes the Arabidopsis nitrate transporter NRT2.1 in response to nitrate limitation
Authors: Zou Xue , Liu Meng‐Yuan , Wu Wei‐Hua , Wang Yang 
Published: July 2019

AbstractNitrate is one of the main inorganic nitrogen sources for plants. Nitrate absorption from soils is achieved through the combined activities of specific nitrate transporters. Nitrate transporter 2.1 (NRT2.1) is the major component of the root high‐affinity nitrate transport system in Arabidopsis thaliana. Studies to date have mainly focused on transcriptional control of NRT2.1. Here, we show that NRT2.1 protein stability is also regulated in response to nitrogen nutrition availability. When seedlings were transferred to nitrate‐limited conditions, the apparent half‐life of NRT2.1 in roots increased from 3 to 9 h. This stabilization of NRT2.1 protein occurred rapidly, even prior to the transcriptional stimulation of NRT2.1. Furthermore, we revealed that phosphorylation at serine 28 (Ser28) of NRT2.1 is involved in regulating the stability of this protein. Substitution of Ser28 by alanine resulted in unstable NRT2.1, and this loss‐of‐phosphorylation mutant (NRT2.1S28A) failed to complement the growth‐restricted phenotype of the nrt2.1 mutant when a low concentration of nitrate was the sole nitrogen source. These results demonstrate that phosphorylation at Ser28 is crucial for NRT2.1 protein stabilization and accumulation in response to nitrate limitation.
Are Down syndrome children more vulnerable to tooth wear?
Authors: Hyder M. , Tanboga I. , Kalyoncu I. , Arain H. , Marks L. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundAn oral condition that has largely been ignored in the Down syndrome population is pathological tooth wear. This study is aimed to create more awareness of the reasons underlying the tooth wear observed in patients with Down syndrome and to suggest different methods to prevent this condition. This research also potentially serves as a platform for future researchers to perform an in‐depth analysis of the factors we identified. The aim of this study was to determine if children with Down syndrome are more prone to tooth wear than children who do not have Down syndrome.MethodsOur sample consisted of 120 children with Down syndrome who were compared with 120 children with no disabilities. The parents or guardians were asked to complete a questionnaire and a 3‐day diet chart, while the wear on each tooth was recorded using the standardised Simplified Smith and Knight Tooth Wear Index.ResultsChildren with Down syndrome experience tooth wear more frequently than non‐Down syndrome children. A history of asthma, mouth breathing and gastro‐oesophageal reflux disease as well as the intake of acidic diet and drinks has exerted significant effects on the prevalence of tooth wear.ConclusionsThe early diagnosis and analysis of the underlying aetiology are important for the management of tooth wear in children with Down syndrome who have shown a greater tendency to develop erosive lesions.
Finding the fundamental needs behind resistance to care: Using the Fundamentals of Care Practice Process
Authors: Rey Sylvie , Voyer Philippe , Bouchard Suzanne , Savoie Camille 
Published: July 2019

AbstractA person living with Alzheimer's disease (PA) can experience difficulty during bodily care and therefore may show resistance to care behaviours (RTCBs). Nurses must take a clinical approach to planning care that meets the person’s needs. Therefore, it is necessary to identify training strategies for bedside nurses and nursing students.Aims and objectivesTo describe and discuss how the FOC practice process (FOC‐PP) can help nurses understand PAs who show RTCBs during bodily care.BackgroundResistance to care behaviour phenomenon and the importance of bodily care as fundamental care are described. The FOC‐PP enables nurses to apply the FOC framework in their practice.DesignThis discursive paper is based on the literature of the FOC framework and PP.MethodA clinical scenario that develops through the five stages of the FOC‐PP.ResultsThe scenario centres on Mrs. Emily Morgan, 81, who lives in a nursing home and is not receiving the bodily care that she needs. Camille, a nursing student, and her supervisor Florence collaborate with Mrs. Morgan’s family to improve the quality of her care. Three particular aspects of nursing practice based on the FOC‐PP are described: the critical thinking process, relational process and pedagogical process.ConclusionThe FOC‐PP promotes holistic care centred on the person and his or her needs and encourages the nurse to use his or her skills and knowledge. All these dimensions are fundamental for high‐quality nursing care.Relevance to clinical practiceMrs. Morgan's scenario enables us to perceive that the FOC‐PP is very useful for nursing students and bedside nurses. However, given the amount of specific and diverse knowledge required by the FOC‐PP, it is necessary to identify avenues for teaching them. Using clinical scenarios could facilitate the integration of the FOC‐PP, with taking into account the specific characteristics of individual clients.
Very useful, but do carefully: Mental health researcher views on establishing a Mental Health Expert Consumer Researcher Group
Authors: Scholz Brett , Platania‐Phung Chris , Gordon Sarah , Ellis Pete , Roper Cath , Bocking Julia , Happell Brenda 
Published: July 2019

Accessible summaryWhat is known on the subject?

Contemporary mental health policy stipulates consumer participation in all aspects of mental health services including service evaluation and other forms of mental health research.

Research is identified as underpinning quality mental health services, and therefore, consumers researchers could enhance the mental health sector by contributing to the quality, credibility and relevance of mental health research.

What this paper adds to existing knowledge?

Non‐consumer researchers generally supported the concept of a consumer expert reference group for researchers at the individual and institutional level.

A consumer expert reference group should reflect diversity and offer expertise relevant to the topic of research and may represent one way to normalize partnerships with consumer researchers and realize the benefits they can bring to research.

What are the implications for practice?

Quality mental health services are underpinned by robust research evidence. It is crucial that consumers are active participants in research activity.

The availability of a consumer expert reference group could facilitate collaborations between consumer and non‐consumer researchers and contribute to a stronger consumer focus embedded in mental health research.

AbstractIntroductionContemporary mental health policy identifies consumers as active participants in all aspects of mental health services from design to evaluation. Consumer researchers should be actively involved in mental health research and contribute to quality service delivery.AimTo gain a snapshot of mental health researcher views on strategies for increasing research by or with consumers in mental health through the establishment of an Expert Consumer Researcher Group (ECRG).MethodsCross‐sectional survey of 41 non‐consumer mental health researchers from Australia or New Zealand.ResultsThe introduction of an ECRG was considered an effective strategy for linking consumer and non‐consumer researchers and providing specialist advice on research design and methodology. The most suitable location for this group was identified as within consumer advocacy agencies (71%), universities (66%) or research funding bodies (66%). Participants rated their likelihood of seeking advice from the ECRG as high.DiscussionResearch participants supported the value of an ECRG. They emphasized the importance of ensuring the group reflected a diversity of views and offered specialized expertise related to the specific topic. The ECRG could benefit both individual researchers and larger research organizations.Implications for practiceAn ECRG could facilitate collaborations with consumer researchers and in turn enhance the quality of mental health research.
Disappearing green: Shrubs decline and bryophytes increase with nine years of increased snow accumulation in the High Arctic
Authors: Cooper Elisabeth J. , Little Chelsea J. , Pilsbacher Anna K. , Mörsdorf Martin A. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractQuestionHow does increased snow depth affect plant community composition of High Arctic tundra, and can the Normalized Differential Vegetation Index (NDVI) detect induced changes?LocationAdventdalen, Spitsbergen, Svalbard (78°10′ N, 16°04′ E).MethodsWe manipulated snow depth on the tundra using fences, resulting in Deep, Medium, and Ambient snow regimes. Increased snow led to warmer winter soil temperatures, a delayed onset of growing season and wetter conditions during the early growing season. Plant community composition of living and dead plant material was recorded after nine years. NDVI was measured at the plot level using a handheld sensor.ResultsCommunity composition and the abundance of typically dominant shrub species were substantially different in the Deep compared to the Ambient regime. Deep had lower cover of live shrubs (Cassiope tetragona, Dryas octopetala and Salix polaris) and Luzula confusa, and higher cover of dead shrubs (Cassiope and Dryas) compared to the other snow regimes. Bryophyte cover was highest in Medium. NDVI was positively correlated to the cover of living vascular plants and negatively correlated to cover of dead vascular plants. Accordingly, Deep snow regime had reduced NDVI, reflecting the contribution of dead Cassiope and Dryas.ConclusionSnow regime strongly influenced community composition in High Arctic plant communities. Enhanced snow regimes had more dead shrubs, reduced Luzula and increased bryophyte cover than ambient conditions. These differences were detectable by handheld NDVI sensors.
Validation of a Complementary Food Frequency Questionnaire to assess infant nutrient intake
Authors: Judd Amy L. , Beck Kathryn L. , McKinlay Christopher , Jackson Ashleigh , Conlon Cathryn A. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractDietary assessment in infants is challenging but necessary to understand the relationship between nutrition and growth and development. Currently no simple, validated methods exist to assess nutrient intake in New Zealand (NZ) infants. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the relative validity and reproducibility of a Complementary Food Frequency Questionnaire (CFFQ) to determine nutrient intakes of NZ infants. Ninety‐five parent–infant pairs (infant age 10 ± 1 months) completed the CFFQ twice (CFFQ‐1 and CFFQ‐2), 4 weeks apart (to assess reproducibility). A 4‐day weighed food record (4dWFR) was collected between CFFQ administrations (to assess validity). Validity and reproducibility were assessed for intakes of energy and 18 nutrients using Bland–Altman analysis, Pearson's correlation coefficients, cross‐classification, and weighted Kappa (κ). The CFFQ showed acceptable validity: Nutrients from the CFFQ were comparable with the 4dWFR (bias, 9–28%), correlation between methods ranged from r = .18 (saturated fat) to r = .81 (iron; mean r = .52), 54% (mean) of participants were correctly classified (range 39% to 67%), and 7.1% (mean) misclassified into opposite tertiles (range 2.1% to 14.7%). There was acceptable agreement between the CFFQ and 4dWFR (κ = 0.20–0.60). The CFFQ showed good reproducibility: Correlations ranged from r = .34 (folate) to r = .80 (zinc); for 16 nutrients, >50% of participants were correctly classified, and for all nutrients, <10% of participants were grossly misclassified. All nutrients showed acceptable to good agreement (κ > 0.20). The CFFQ has acceptable relative validity and good reproducibility for assessing nutrient intake in NZ infants aged 9–12 months, making it a useful tool for use in future research.
The effectiveness of wearable technologies as physical activity interventions in weight control: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Yen Hsin‐Yen , Chiu Huei‐Ling 
Published: July 2019

SummaryWearable technologies represent a novel approach in the prevention of obesity and overweight that encourages users to engage in physical activities aided by technological assistance. This is the first meta‐analysis to investigate the effects of wearable technologies as physical activity interventions on weight control. Various electronic databases were searched to select eligible articles, including EBSCO, ScienceDirect, and PubMed, from the first available date to January 9, 2019. All analyses were performed using a random‐effects model. Moderator analyses were conducted to investigate differences in the effect size. This meta‐analysis of 19 randomized controlled trials indicated that wearable technologies as a physical activity intervention achieved a moderate and significant effect size on body weight and waist circumference and large and significant effect sizes on the body mass index. A subgroup analysis confirmed that wearable technologies were more efficient for weight control in individuals with obesity and chronic diseases. A duration of using wearable technologies for a total of more than or equal to 12 weeks was more effective. Meta‐regressions have also revealed that the body weight of individuals who received an additional week of treatment could be reduced by more than 0.37%. Wearable technologies offer innovative platforms of physical activity interventions and an efficient method for weight control.
Perioperative management of esophageal atresia/tracheo‐esophageal fistula: An analysis of data of 101 consecutive patients
Authors: van Hoorn Camille E. , Costerus Sophie A. , Lau Jessica , Wijnen Rene M. H. , Vlot John , Tibboel Dick , de Graaff Jurgen C. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe perioperative management of esophageal atresia/tracheo‐esophageal fistula by open or thoracoscopic approach can be complicated by metabolic derangements. Little is known, however, about the severity of derangements of vital and metabolic parameters in the perioperative period.AimThe aim of this study is to describe the perioperative courses of vital and metabolic parameters in 101 consecutive neonates undergoing surgical repair of esophageal atresia type C.MethodIn a retrospective cohort study, we extracted all data from the electronic anesthetic and medical charts of patients who underwent esophageal atresia type C repair within 30 days of life (2007‐2017). We distinguished three types of surgery: primary open, primary thoracoscopic, and primary thoracoscopic surgery converted to open surgery. Descriptive analysis was applied.ResultsThe charts of 117 patients were reviewed: data of 101 were included. The perioperative anesthetic management was not standardized; various methods and medications were used for anesthesia induction and maintenance. Intraoperative blood gas analysis data of 72 patients were available and showed derangements regardless of type of surgery. The median pH‐value decreased to 7.21 [IQR 7.14‐7.30] and a pH‐value below 7.20 was found in 29 patients; in four cases below 7.0, with the lowest value 6.83. The median PaCO2 reached an upper level of 7.5kPa [IQR 5.8‐9.2]; in 13 cases above 10.0kPa, with a peak value of 25.8kPa. These high PaCO2 levels fluctuated with lowest measured PaCO2 of median 5.6 [IQR 4.5‐6.6], with the lowest value 2.8kPa. The median PaO2 level reached an upper level of 16.9kPa [IQR 11.8‐25.7], in 22 cases above 20.0kPa, with a peak value of 50.0kPa. These high levels fluctuated with lowest measured PaO2 levels of median 8.3kPa [IQR 6.73‐10.5]; the lowest PaO2 value was 4.7 kPa.ConclusionOpen and thoracoscopic correction of esophageal atresia were associated with periods of severe metabolic derangements. These events need to be taken into account for the evaluation of esophageal atresia (surgical) care and in evaluations of short‐ and long‐term outcomes.
Pain Flare‐Effect Prophylaxis With Corticosteroids on Bone Radiotherapy Treatment: A Systematic Review
Authors: Fabregat Carles , Almendros Sonia , Navarro‐Martin Arturo , Gonzalez Jesús 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundRadiotherapy for metastatic bone pain can induce a transitory increase in pain known as pain flare. Several studies have described the use of prophylactic corticosteroids to prevent pain flare. However, the role and efficacy of corticosteroids to prevent pain flare remain unclear.PurposeTo summarize the available evidence with regard to the efficacy and toxicity of prophylactic corticosteroids for the prevention of pain flare.MethodsThis was a systematic review (PROSPERO protocol CRD42018090351) of peer‐reviewed studies published in the Cochrane, Medline, and Scopus databases through September 2018. Studies carried out in adult patients treated with radiotherapy for bone metastases who received prophylactic corticosteroids to prevent pain flare were eligible for inclusion. The Cochrane Collaboration tool was used to assess risk of bias. The evidence grade was determined according to the GRADEpro tool.ResultsA total of 4,407 studies were identified. Of these, 4 clinical trials (CT) and 1 prospective cohort study met the inclusion criteria. The overall incidence of pain flare was 28%, and 21% vs. 37% in the prophylaxis vs. non‐prophylaxis groups; the relative risk reduction was 43%. In the 3 studies that compared corticosteroids to placebo, the relative risk reductions were 25%, 67%, and 72%. The most common treatment regimen was oral dexamethasone at 8 mg once daily from the first day of radiotherapy for 5 days. One study administered methylprednisolone. No severe toxicity was reported in any of the studies.ConclusionsOverall, the findings of this systematic review indicate that glucocorticoids appear to be an effective prophylactic treatment to prevent pain flare in patients undergoing radiotherapy for bone metastases. New CT are needed to confirm these results and to determine the optimal dose of dexamethasone.
Sexual minority status and symptoms of psychosis: The role of bullying, discrimination, social support, and drug use – Findings from the Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey 2007
Authors: Qi Robert , Palmier‐Claus Jasper , Simpson Juliette , Varese Filippo , Bentall Richard 
Published: July 2019

ObjectiveSexual minorities have an increased risk of psychosis, potentially explained by experiences of social adversity. Sexual minorities may also have a specific risk of paranoid symptoms. The current study aimed to determine whether sexual minorities have increased risk of psychosis, whether they have a specific increased risk of paranoia when compared to auditory verbal hallucinations (AVHs), and whether social adversity such as bullying, recent discrimination, lack of social support, and drug use can explain this risk.MethodsThe study used data from the Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey 2007 (n = 7,403), exploring both sexual identity and past sexual behaviour. Associations between sexual minority status and probable psychosis, paranoia, and AVH were analysed using logistic regression. Mediation analysis was also conducted using the Karlson–Holm–Breen method, with bullying, recent discrimination, social support, and drug use as mediators assessing pathways between sexual minority status and paranoia/AVH. Socio‐demographic confounders were included in analyses.ResultsSexual minority status did not significantly predict probable psychosis. Findings generally indicated a specific association between sexual minority status and paranoia when contrasted with AVH. However, sexual behaviour remained significantly associated with AVH in logistic regression models. Bullying, lack of social support, and drug use partially mediated the association between sexual minority status and paranoia.ConclusionsSexual minority status appears to have a specific association with paranoia symptoms, which may be partially explained by experiences of social adversity. However, the cross‐sectional nature of the study limits direct inference about causality of such symptoms.Practitioner points

Sexual minority groups may be more likely to experience symptoms of paranoia.

It may be important to consider experiences of social adversity such as bullying, lack of social support, and also history of drug use in the context of paranoia within these groups.
Development of drought‐tolerant breeding lines derived from Helianthus annuus × H. argophyllus interspecific crosses
Authors: Hussain Muhammad Mubashar , Rauf Saeed , Warburton Marilyn L. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractHelianthus argophyllus is a wild species known as “silver sunflower”, which possesses several traits, including morphological traits that increase drought tolerance. Therefore, introgressions between chosen cultivated lines and two H. argophyllus accessions were made, and segregating generations were established. Important agronomic traits including single heading, high pollen fertility, silver canopy (indicating more cuticular wax), and content of cuticular waxes and oil were selected over six segregating generations. The resulting F6 lines showed introgression of water saving traits, as they had lower excise leaf water loss, with comparable yield to standard checks. However, these F6 lines were late maturing and showed poor flowering synchronization between the cultivated and introgressed lines. Introgressed line “D‐22” was particularly promising as a breeding line, with superior agronomic and drought resistance traits. This line had the potential to be used as an inbred parental line for introgression of drought resistance traits into elite sunflower germplasm. Combining ability analysis of the introgressed lines further showed their potential for heterosis breeding or to be used as parental lines in breeding programme.
Discourses of Resource Dependency: Second Homeowners as “Lifeblood” in Vacationland
Authors: Stiman Meaghan L. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn recent decades, rural destinations that once relied on the production and extraction of land and resources now rely on tourism as the primary economic pursuit. Such destinations have experienced a surge of new migrants in the form of tourists, permanent newcomers, and second homeowners. Scholars have turned to how permanent residents perceive these changes and new populations, revealing that in some instances permanent residents are more accepting of newcomers due to economic constraints. I extend this line of research by asking how, and under what conditions, permanent residents favorably view second homeowners, a specific type of rural in‐migrant. Drawing on ethnographic data in Rangeley, Maine, I develop the concept “discourses of resource dependency,” to clarify how and why localities justify, explain, and ultimately pursue one economic resource over another. In this case, local residents view second homeowners as a resource that will ensure the town's economic sustainability, and this frame enables local residents to view their in‐migration favorably. This frame emerges not just from structural economic circumstances, but also from a confluence of historical and cultural conditions that elevate the import of second homeowners in Rangeley's place‐making project.