bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comminuted, Articular Fractures of the Olecranon Process in Horses: 17 Cases (1980 to 1990)
Authors: Allen D. , DeBowes R. M. , Anderson D. E. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryCase records of 17 horses with a radiographic and surgical diagnosis of comminuted, articular fracture of the olecranon process of the ulna were retrieved using a computer-assisted search of hospital records entered between January 1, 1980 and October 31, 1990. The records were reviewed, and case management data summarized. Radiographic images were retrieved, and descriptions of the fractures recorded. Horses were classified as survivors if they were discharged from the hospital. Follow-up information was obtained by examination or phone conversation with the referring veterinarian, owner or trainer.Twelve horses (71%) survived to be discharged from the hospital. Survivors were significantly younger and weighed less (mean age, 3.9 years; mean body weight 290.2 kg) than non-survivors (mean age, 9.1 years; mean body weight, 412.2 kg). Breed, gender, and duration of clinical signs prior to surgery were not significant to the outcome. Seven horses admitted with open wounds, and two horses suffered sepsis of the surgical site after internal fixation. Of these nine horses, four (44%) were discharged from the hospital. Patients with sepsis of the fracture site, because of open wounds or postoperative infection, had a significantly lower survival rate than horses in which asepsis of the fracture site was maintained.Follow-up information was available for eight of 12 survivors (mean followup period, 2.6 years). Five (63%) horses were riding or “training sound” at the time of follow-up. Of five horses less than one year of age at the time of surgery, three (60%) were sound at a mean of 1.2 years after surgery. Of three horses four years or older, two (66%) were sound at follow-up 3.7 years after the operation.Comminuted, articular fractures involving the olecranon process can be managed successfully in horses using a dynamic compression plate applied to the caudal aspect of the ulna. Also, application of a second plate on the lateral aspect of the ulna is possible, when fracture instability has been noted after application of the caudal plate. Age, weight, and sepsis of the fracture site were the most important prognostic indicators in this study.Historical data, physical examination findings, surgical findings, clinical management data, and follow-up information are reported for 17 horses affected with comminuted, articular fracture of the olecranon process. Twelve (71%) horses survived to be discharged from the hospital. Survivors were significantly younger and of lighter body weight than non-survivors. Horses in which sepsis of the fracture site occurred had a significantly lower survival rate than horses in which aseptic fracture environment was maintained. Of eight horses available for follow-up information, five (63%) were riding or training sound at a mean of 2.6 years after surgery.
Mechanical Comparison of Suture Material and Knot Type Used for Fabello-Tibial Sutures
Authors: Roe S. C. , Nwadike B. S. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryMany different suture materials have been used for extra-articular stabilization of the canine cruciate-deficient stifle. In this study, two different materials frequently used as fabello-tibial sutures (27-kilogram-test [kgt] nylon fishing line [labeled 60-pound-test] and 27-kgt nylon leader line) and two knot types used to tie these materials (square knot and slip knot) were evaluated mechanically in vitro. Twenty loops of each material were tied with each knot and evaluated. The purpose of the study reported herein was to compare the mechanical performance of two different monofilament nylon materials and two knot types when subjected to: 1) continuous elongation until failure, and 2) cycling 10 times to 100 N followed by elongation to failure testing methods. Nylon leader line tolerated higher failure loads and deformed less than nylon fishing line for both knot types. Nylon fishing line secured with a square knot recovered resting tension more completely following cycling than nylon fishing line secured with a slip knot. Nylon leader line secured with a slip knot recovered resting tension following cycling better than leader line with a square knot and both fishing line groups. When used as fabello-tibial sutures, it is suggested that 27-kgt nylon leader line be secured with a slip knot, and 27-kgt nylon fishing line be secured with a square knot to optimize the mechanical performance of the loop.The influence of knot type on the in vitro mechanical performance of monofilament nylon fishing line and monofilament leader line used as fabello-tibial sutures was investigated. Testing of loops of the materials tied with either a slip knot or a square knot was performed on steel hook attachment points. When used as fabello-tibial sutures, it is suggested that 27-kgt nylon leader line be secured with a slip knot, and 27-kgt nylon fishing line be secured with a square knot to optimize the mechanical performance of the loop.
Use of the tubular external fixator in the treatment of distal radial and ulnar fractures in small dogs and cats
Authors: Reichler I. M. , Montavon P. M. , Haas B. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryTwenty-two fractures of the distal radius and ulna in small dogs and cats treated with a tubular external fixator system were evaluated. Radius/ulna fractures in toy breeds often occur in the distal metaphyseal region. Placing two screws through a bone plate in the distal radius in such cases is difficult even if a miniplate is used. The tubular external fixator allows multiple-pin clamping in parallel with a single connecting bar. Using this technique, four pins can be placed in a bone fragment, the length of which would hold only two screws in a 2.0 mini-DCP. The tubular external fixator was found to be a satisfactory alternative to bone plating for the fixation of distal radial/ulnar fractures, providing sufficient fracture stability with minimal soft tissue trauma.
Das Hepatozelluläre Karzinom: Update 2010
Authors: Sun L.-A. , Langhein A. , Müller M. 
Published: March 2018

ZusammenfassungDas hepatozelluläre Karzinom (HCC) ist weltweit die dritthäufigste krebsbedingte Todesursache. 90 % aller HCCs entstehen auf dem Boden einer vorbestehenden Lebererkrankung oder Zirrhose. Screening und Surveillance von Patienten mit chronischer Lebererkrankung ermöglichen die Früherkennung eines hepatozellulären Karzinoms (HCC). Die Wahl der Therapie für Patienten mit HCC richtet sich nach der Leberfunktion, der Tumorgröße, dem Tumorbefallsmuster und dem Allgemeinzustand der Patienten. Patienten mit HCC im Frühstadium können mittels chirurgischer Resektion, Lebertransplantation oder lokal ablativer Verfahren geheilt werden. Patienten mit fort-geschrittenem HCC können von Behandlungen mit transarterieller Chemoembolisation, mit Selektiver Interner Radiotherapie (SIRT) und mit dem Tyrosinkinase-Inhibitor Sorafenib profitieren. Sorafenib ist die erste systemische Therapie, die beim fortgeschrittenen HCC zu einer Verlängerung des Gesamtüberlebens führt. Sorafenib ist daher neuer Standard in der Behandlung des fortgeschrittenen HCC. Eine Reihe von neuen zielgerichteten onkologischen Therapien wird derzeit im Rahmen von klinischen Studien evaluiert. Signalwege, die gezielt von möglichen molekularen Therapien beeinflusst werden können, sind die gesteigerte Angiogenese, Wachstumsfaktor-Rezeptoren und Signaltransduktionswege, die zur Vermittlung von Proliferationssignalen führen.
Arthroscopic exploration and biopsy for diagnosis of septic arthritis and osteomyelitis of the coxofemoral joint in a dog
Authors: Luther J. F. , Stoll M. R. , Cook J. L. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryA five-year-old, spayed female mixed breed (38 kg) dog was referred for total hip replacement for an intermittently non-weight bearing lameness of the left hind limb. Radiographs and computed tomography suggested proliferative, osteolytic pathology of the left coxofemoral joint. Using arthroscopic exploration and biopsy, septic arthritis and osteomyelitis in the left coxofemoral joint were diagnosed. Treatment recommendations for antibiotic therapy and femoral head and neck excision were made based upon this diagnosis. Femoral head and neck excision resulted in pain relief and improved function and arthroscopy provided a minimally invasive, yet accurate, diagnosis in this case.*
Fixation of a proximal femoral physeal fracture in a dog using a ventral approach and two Kirschner wires
Authors: Koch D. , Montavon P. M. , Guerrero T. G. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryA Salter-Harris type I proximal femoral physeal fracture was diagnosed in a six-month-old Norfolk Terrier. The fracture was reduced using a ventromedial approach to the hip joint and fixation with two small Kirschner wires applied from the joint surface and countersunk below the cartilage. The ventromedial approach minimizes soft-tissue and vascular damage and affords direct visualization of the fracture, facilitating reduction and fixation. The two-year postoperative outcome was considered satisfactory in this case.
Sonographic assisted diagnosis and treatment of bilateral gastrocnemius tendon rupture in a Labrador retriever repaired with fascia lata and polypropylene mesh
Authors: Fitch R. B. , Staatz A. , Lowery J. , Swiderski J. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryThis case report describes a four-year-old, eighty-five pound, male neutered Labrador retriever that was admitted with unilateral lameness and clinical findings consistent with a unilateral gastrocnemius tendon rupture. A prior history of trauma was not identified. Ultrasonagraphic evaluation revealed bilateral gastrocnemius tendon defects in which approximately 80% of the tendon was ruptured on the clinically normal side, yet mechanical function and anatomical length were not apparently altered. Bilateral surgical repair was performed utilizing primary tendon reconstruction, supported by fascia lata, autograft and polypropylene mesh. The repairs were protected with rigid casts for two weeks following surgery, and replaced with orthotics through the complete recovery period. Orthotics provided semi-rigid support and allowed removal for controlled intermittent physical therapy. This surgical repair technique, combined with orthotic support, allowed for early mobilization and good ultimate outcome for a complicated bilateral condition.
In vitro biomechanical comparison of limited contact dynamic compression plate and locking compression plate
Authors: Manos J. M. , Orlansky A. S. , Todhunter R. J. , Trotter E. J. , van der Meulen M. C. H. , Aguila A. Z. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryThe locking compression plate (LCP) supports biological osteosynthesis by functioning as an internal fixator, rather than as a full or limited contact bone plate which must be adequately contoured and affixed directly to the bone for stable internal fixation of the fracture. In order to help justify the use of the LCP in our veterinary patients, in vitro biomechanical testing was performed comparing the LCP to the conventional limited contact dynamic compression plate (LC-DCP) in canine femurs. We hypothesized that the LCP construct would be at least as stiff under bending and torsional loads as the LC-DCP. The LCP and LC-DCP were applied over a 20-mm osteotomy gap to contralateral bones within each pair of 14 femora. Non-destructive four-point bending and torsion, and cyclical testing in torsion were performed. The constructs were then loaded to failure in torsion. In medial-lateral and lateral-medial structural bending, significant differences were not found between the LCP and LC-DCP, however, at the gap, the LCP construct was stiffer than the LC-DCP in lateral-medial bending. Significant differences in behaviour over time were not noted between the plate designs during cyclical testing. When loading the constructs to failure in internal rotation, the LC-DCP failed at a significantly lower twist angle (P = .0024) than the LCP. Based on the similar performance with loading, the locking compression plate is a good alternative implant for unstable diaphyseal femoral fracture repair in dogs.
The Repair and Healing of Two Traumatic Ilial Body Fractures Adjacent to Cemented Total Hip Acetabular Components
Authors: Shires P. K. , Dew T. L. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryThis report has documented the repair and healing of two ilial fractures in dogs which were compounded by the presence of a cemented acetabular prosthesis. While specific recommendations can not be made from such a small number of cases, the information presented herein suggests that such fractures will heal without complication if aseptic surgical techniques and standard methods of internal fixation are employed. The authors strongly recommend the prophylactic use of intravenous antibiotics and the placement of cancellous bone graft when the repair of such fractures is attempted.Two traumatic ilial fractures involving the cement/bone interface of acetabular prostheses were repaired using lag screws, cerclage wires, and autogenous bone grafts. The fractures healed and ambulatory function was regained.
Pelvic Canal Narrowing Caused by Triple Pelvic Osteotomy in the Dog
Authors: Holmberg D. L. , Binnington A. G. , Miller C. W. , Sukhiani H. R. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryTo reduce postoperative complications due to pelvic canal narrowing following triple pelvic osteotomy, it is important to minimize the length of the pubic remnant on the acetabular segment. Three different techniques for performing the pubic osteotomy were compared: a lateral wire saw technique, a lateral osteotome technique and a ventral osteotome ostectomy technique. The lateral wire saw and ventral ostectomy techniques resulted in significantly shorter pubic remnants than the lateral osteotome technique. The osteotomies performed with the wire saw were more accurate and precise than those performed with the osteotome. The lateral wire saw technique is a practical alternative to the ventral ostectomy technique for performing the pubic osteotomy.A comparison of three different pubic osteotomy techniques for the triple pelvic osteotomy showed that minimal pubic remnants can be achieved with either the lateral wire saw or ventral ostectomy technique. Osteotomies made by the wire saw were more accurate and precise than those made by the osteotome.
Control of Hereditary Elbow Disease in Pedigree Dogs
Authors: Bedford P.G.C. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryOne of the major activities of the World Small Veterinary Association over the past 12 months has been the investigation of potential international measures for the control of inherited disease in the pedigree dog. Three areas of concern are currently being examined: elbow dysplasia, hip dysplasia and ocular disease. The standardisation of diagnostic expertise on an international basis is high on the list of priorities for any scheme to prove successful, and with this intent in mind the first joint WSAVA/Kennel Clubs meeting was held in 1993 on the subject of elbow dysplasia. This report of the meeting was accepted as Association policy by the WSAVA Assembly at its annual meeting in October last year. A form of certification is currently being prepared and next a joint meeting to discuss hip dysplasia will take place in June of this year.
MRT-basierte Diagnostik von Demenzen
Authors: Mader I. , Klöppel S. 
Published: March 2018

ZusammenfassungDie strukturelle Magnetresonanztomografie (MRT) spielt für die Abklärung von demenziellen Syndromen sowohl beim Ausschluss potenziell behandelbarer Ursachen als auch für die Differenzialdiagnose spezifischer Formen der Demenz eine zunehmende Rolle. T1-gewichtete Sequenzen erlauben eine gute Beurteilung der Atrophie, während FLAIR und T2*-Wichtung Aussagen zu Veränderungen der weißen Substanz und zu Mikroblutungen erlauben. Im Kontext klinischer Studien im Bereich der Alzheimer-Demenz (AD) dient die MRT als Verlaufsparameter mit enger Korrelation zu krankheitsspezifischen neuropathologischen Veränderungen und kognitiven Einschränkungen. Im Rahmen klinischer Studien dient sie zudem der Risikoabschätzung für die Entwicklung einer Demenz bei Patienten mit leichter kognitiver Störung (LKS). Eine Reihe vergleichsweise neuer MRT-Sequenzen, wie funktionelle MRT, diffusionsgewichteten Sequenzen und Arterial Spin Labelling werden auf ihren Nutzen für die klinische Routine hin geprüft.
Ketogene Diät in der Therapie pharmakoresistenter Epilepsien
Authors: Otten K. , Kurthen M. , Kröll J. 
Published: March 2018

ZusammenfassungDie ketogene Diät (KD) ist eine seit mehr als hundert Jahren etablierte Therapie bei Kindern und Jugendlichen mit pharmakoresistenten Epilepsien. In den letzten Jahren hat das klinische Interesse an der KD durch Einführung weniger strenger und flexiblerer Therapieprotokolle wie der modifizierten Atkins-Diät (MAD) deutlich zugenommen. Aufgrund experimenteller Daten ergeben sich zunehmend Hinweise, dass die Wirksamkeit der Diät nicht auf eine antikonvulsive Wirkung beschränkt ist. Durch die Veränderung des zerebralen Energiestoffwechsels besitzt die KD auch ein mögliches neuroprotektives Potenzial, sodass im Rahmen wissenschaftlicher Studien zunehmend “neue” Indikationen der KD jenseits der Epilepsiebehandlung geprüft werden, z. B. der Einsatz bei neurodegenerativen Erkrankungen oder bei Hirntumoren.
Designing New Methodologies for Integrating Biomedical Information in Clinical Trials
Authors: García-Remesal M. , Billhardt H. , Alonso-Calvo R. , Pérez-Rey D. , Martín-Sánchez F. , Maojo V. 
Published: March 2018

Summary

Objectives:
To propose a modification to current methodologies for clinical trials, improving data collection and cost-efficiency. To describe a system to integrate distributed and heterogeneous medical and genetic databases for improving information access, retrieval and analysis of biomedical information.

Methods:
Data for clinical trials can be collected from remote, distributed and heterogeneous data sources.In this distributed scenario, we propose an ontology-based approach, with two basic operations: mapping and unification. Mapping outputs the semantic model of a virtual repository with the information model of a specific database. Unification provides a single schema for two or more previously available virtual repositories. In both processes, domain ontologies can improve other traditional approaches.

Results:
Private clinical databases and public genomic and disease databases (e.g., OMIM, Prosite and others) were integrated. We successfully tested the system using thirteen databases containing clinical and biological information and biomedical vocabularies.

Conclusions:
We present a domain-independent approach to biomedical database integration, used in this paper as a reference for the design of future models of clinico-genomic trials where information will be integrated, retrieved and analyzed. Such an approach to biomedical data integration has been one of the goals of the IST INFOBIOMED Network of Excellence in Biomedical Informatics, funded by the European Commission, and the new ACGT (Advanced Clinico-Genomic Trials on Cancer) project, where the authors will apply these methods to research experiments.
Changing Academic Roles
Authors: Bricknell L. , Hovenga E. J. S. 
Published: March 2018

Summary

Objectives:
A primary objective of this study was to identify a valid method for academic workload allocation. This required the identification of significant variables that may be used to indicate and measure academic workload. A supporting objective was to illustrate how the adoption of a flexible learning mode and supporting technologies across one university with multiple campuses and an international student cohort has impacted upon academic roles and teaching delivery methods.

Methods:
An extensive literature review focusing primarily on the teaching aspects of academic roles was undertaken. These roles were defined as teaching, including curriculum development, undertaking research, provide professional and community services and undertake some administrative work. This review was followed by the documentation of a case study.

Results:
Significant changes to the roles and responsibilities of academics working in higher education are now discernable. The adoption of Web-based applications and other communication technologies have made it possible to not only extend traditional distance education offerings but also to teach large multicultural classes across multiple campuses simultaneously. This in turn necessitates a review of teaching strategies and of organization-wide student and staff support infrastructures to ensure that the teaching quality is maintained or improved whilst meeting individual student learning needs.

Conclusions:
Changes to academics’ roles are occurring due to the globalisation of higher education as well as the adoption of new educational delivery methods and the use of new technologies. The resulting complexity of academic workload measurement and the need to equitably allocate this workload to individual academics has become more challenging than ever. More traditional universities can learn from such experiences to better prepare for these inevitable changes.
Is Medical Informatics an Art or a Science?
Authors: Haux R. , Hasman A. , McCray A. T. , van der Lei J. 
Published: March 2018

Summary

Objective:
To give an introduction to the special topic on ‘Medical Informatics: Art or Sciene?‘ in honor of Prof. Dr. Jan Hendrik van Bemmel.

Method:
Retrospective, personal review on his work.

Results and Conclusions:
Jan H. van Bemmel contributed exceptionally to research and education as well as to systematizing and promoting medical informatics. Details are provided in this and the other papers of this special topic of Methods of Information in Medicine.
SAP and Partners: IS-H™ and IS-H*MED™
Authors: Schmücker P. , Pedevilla M. , Leitner H. , Naumann J. , Fuchs H. , Pitz H. , Köle W. , Gell G. 
Published: March 2018

Summary
Objectives: The Styrian Hospital Organization with 21 hospitals including the Graz University Hospital, and the Heidelberg University Hospital implemented a new HIS based on SAP/R3™, ISH™, ISH*MED™ with the objective to have an integrated system to support patient administration and management, patient care, clinical documentation, research etc.
Methods: Heidelberg University Hospital chose a step by step method for the introduction of the system, beginning with patient administration (ISH) and proceeding with clinical functions (ISH*MED). In Styria, the full functionality was implemented – as part of the selection process – in one peripheral hospital and in the Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT) Department of the Graz University Hospital, including special documents to support the processes in the highly specialized ENTunits.
Results and Conclusions: The standard modules are performant, stable and basically well accepted. Particularly in Graz, it has been shown that the requirements of highly specialized departments for work flow management, documentation and integration of subsystems and data from different sources can be fulfilled by special documents and programs – although at the expense of additional workload particularly in the initial phases of such a project.