bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anti-Human Herpesvirus 8 antibodies affect both insulin and glucose uptake by virus-infected human endothelial cells
Authors: Angius Fabrizio , Piras Enrica , Spolitu Stefano , Marras Luisa , Armas Sara Federica , Ingianni Angela , Contini Pierpaolo , Pompei Raffaello 
Published: July 2018

Introduction: Human Herpesvirus 8 (HHV8) is known to be the cause of the malignant tumour named Kaposi’s sarcoma. It is believed to induce an intense modification of cell metabolism in endothelial cells. In this work we analysed the role of anti-HHV8 antibodies in both the insulin and glucose uptake of HHV8-infected primary human endothelial cells (HUVEC).
Methodology: Western blotting, immunofluorescence and radiolabelled glucose were employed to assess the pPI3K expression, insulin binding and glucose-uptake by HUVEC cells, respectively.
Results: We confirmed that HHV8-infection is able to enhance both insulin binding and glucose-uptake in HHV8-infected primary endothelial cells; in addition, we found that anti-HHV8 specific antibodies are able to further increase both insulin and glucose uptake during the late latent phase of HHV8-infection in vitro.
Conclusions: These findings suggest that a specific immune response to HHV8-infection may cooperate in boosting the cell metabolism, further enhancing the already increased insulin binding and glucose-uptake in HHV8-infected cells, which is a peculiar property of several oncogenic viruses.
Comparison of serum level of 25(OH) vitamin D3 in brucellosis patients with healthy persons in Hamadan, west of Iran
Authors: Keramat Fariba , Alikhani Mohammad Yousef , Poorolajal Jalal , Akbari Surur 
Published: July 2018

Introduction: The human immune system including phagocytosis, has anessential role in pathogenesis, relapse and improvement of infectious diseases. The immune cells have vitamin D receptor, and vitamin D deficiency causes impaired immune system, specifically macrophages. The aim of study was to compare serum levelof 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25-OH- VitD3) among the patients with acute brucellosis and relapsed brucellosis with healthy individuals.
Methodology: In this case-control study, 92 patients with acute brucellosis, 92 cases with relapsed brucellosis and 107 healthy persons who referred to Sina hospital and Imam Khomeini clinic were enrolled, and all groups were matched based on age, gender and habitat. The study was done from March 2016 to June 2017. The serum levels of 25-OH- VitD3 were measured based on the Enzyme Linked Fluorescent Assay (ELFA) technology, Vidassystem (France, Biomerieux Kit). The data were analyzed by using SPSS version 16 software.
Results: The mean serum levels of 25-OH- VitD3 in acute brucellosis, relapsed brucellosis and healthy persons were 22.55 ± 15.72, 26.82 ± 20.78, 24.44 ± 17.29, respectively .In addition, the mean serum levels of 25-OH- VitD3 by male gender in acute brucellosis, relapsed brucellosis and healthy control groups were 20.35 ± 13.10, 24.88 ± 20.89 and 22.52 ± 13.79, respectively. However, there was no statistically significant difference among three groups (P = 0.275).
Conclusions: According to the results, the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was high in patients with acute or relapsed brucellosis and also healthy persons; however, there was no meaningful difference among three groups and between the patients and healthy persons.
Large-scale hepatitis C combating campaigns in Egypt and Georgia; past, current and future challenges
Authors: Amer Fatma Abdelaziz 
Published: July 2018

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a major worldwide problem which should be adequately combated. This review summarizes two successful model programs to eradicate Hepatitis C in two countries; Egypt and Georgia. Egypt tops the list of nations affected by HCV, and Georgia is ranked among other countries with huge HCV burden. Currently, both countries are on their ambitious way to making history and completely eliminate Hepatitis C virus infections.
The first comprehensive approach to reduce the burden of hepatitis C and associated diseases in Egypt was achievable with the formulation of the National Committee for Control of Viral Hepatitis (NCCVH) in 2006. Assisted by international and national stalk holders, Georgia started its nation- wide HCV fighting program in 2015. Elements of programs mostly addressed in both countries included simplifying and improving access to the package of diagnosis and care- providing effective, affordable or free of charge treatment- issuing, applying and regularly updating practice guidelines- improving surveillance, monitoring, and research focusing specifically on the risky groups- emphasizing infection control (IC) - encouraging patient and community engagement and increasing public and political commitment. Interventions are still going on to eradicate HCV infection in Egypt by 2030 and in Georgia by 2020. Lessons gained from this program can educate comparable activities in different nations and help control the worldwide epidemic of viral hepatitis.
Giant Occipitocervical Encephalocele
Authors: Chaturvedi Jitender , Goyal Nishant , Arora Rajnish Kumar , Govil Nishith 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACTEncephaloceles are cranial defects in which sac contains herniating brain, which is often gliotic. Congenitally, this defect may extend into posterior elements of cervical vertebrae and leads to occipitocervical encephalocele. When the size of this sac is larger than head size, they are termed as giant. Very young age and associated congenital anomalies in these patients pose significant challenges in diagnostic, anesthetic, and surgical techniques. We share a case of giant occipitocervical encephalocele managed at our institute and discuss about its management issues with review of literature.
Guillain–Barre Syndrome: A Rare Presentation of Borderline Tuberculoid Leprosy with Type 1 Lepra Reaction
Authors: Dash Deepa , Saluja Alvee , Singh Rajesh Kumar , Bhatia Rohit , Tripathi Manjari 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACTGuillain–Barre syndrome (GBS) is an autoimmune polyradiculoneuropathy usually preceded by respiratory tract or gastrointestinal infection. The pathogenesis in GBS is based on molecular mimicry mechanism. Hansen's disease is common in India and is the most common infectious cause of neuropathy. We describe a 42-year-old man who was being treated for borderline tuberculoid leprosy and developed Type 1 lepra reaction followed by GBS and responded to plasmapheresis. Lepra reaction may lead to exposure of neural antigens, resulting in autoimmune mechanism and demyelination of peripheral nerves.
The Role of Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) as an Early Detector of Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Yueniwati Yuyun , Wangsadjaja Charles , Yulidani Islana Gadis , Rianawati Sri Budhi , Al Rasyid Harun 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACT
Background: Along with the increase of the health and prosperity level will affect the life expectancy in Indonesia, there has also been an increase in degenerative disease cases. One of the problems arises is cognitive impairment. The mild version of this impairment is often associated with the increase risk that will eventually lead to dementia. Therefore, early detection of this impairment is necessary. Objective: This study is aimed at proving the correlation between Fazekas scale on brain MRI and MoCA-Ina score in defining the degree of cognitive impairment. Methods: This study employed observational analytic design and cross sectional study for its data collection method. The Fazekas scale on brain MRI of 32 patients was read by 3 radiologist, while the MoCA-Ina scoring was done by a competent neurologist. Both tests were done double blindly. Later on, the correlation between Fazekas scale and MoCA-Ina score would be assessed using Spearman Correlation. Results: Statistical calculation conducted using Spearman Correlation reveals that the coefficient is -0.519 with significant score (P) 0.002, which is smaller than α: 0.05. Therefore, it can be concluded that there is a strong negative correlation between Fazekas scale and MoCA-Ina score. Conclusion: Fazekas scale evaluation on brain MRI is necessary to be performed as it helps predicting the decline of one's cognitive function, so that an early therapy can be acted upon to prevent dementia in the future.
Hallmark of success: top 50 classics in oral and maxillofacial cone-beam computed tomography
Authors: Wu Yuhao , Tiwana Haaris , Durrani Mariyam , Tiwana Sabeen , Gong Bo , Hafeez Kashif , Khosa Faisal 
Published: July 2018

PurposeThe aim of this study was to identify the top 50 cited articles on the use of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) for oral and maxillofacial applications and to summarise the characteristics of the most impactful research articles in this domain.Material and methodsA database was generated by combining the search results from Thomson Reuters Web of Science and Elsevier’s Scopus to ensure that all top-cited publications were captured. We used three search fields to generate the database: 1) CBCT, 2) oral and maxillofacial pathologies, and 3) oral and maxillofacial anatomical structures. Publications were then ranked by citation counts and reviewed by two independent reviewers.ResultsA total of 50 top publications were included in the study. Their citation count ranged from 43 to 170 with a median of 55.5. Five publications were cited more than 100 times. All except for one paper were published after 2000. The most well published journal was the <i>American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics</i> (n = 12), and the United States of America (n = 15) was the most productive country in the field. The majority of the studies (n = 27) discussed the imaging of primary tooth pathologies, but there are also a significant number of articles that discuss imaging of bone grafts or dental implants (n = 7), upper airways (n = 5), the skull (n = 4), and other maxillofacial structures (n = 7).ConclusionsOur study identifies 50 research articles with the highest number of citations in oral and maxillofacial CBCT, discusses the characteristics and commonalities between these articles, and predicts future trends in the field.
Inter-observer agreement of the Coronary Artery Disease Reporting and Data System (CAD-RADS<sup>TM</sup>) in patients with stable chest pain
Authors: Razek Ahmed Abdel Khalek Abdel , Elrakhawy Mohamed Magdy , Yossof Mahmoud Mohamed , Nageb Hadeer Mohamed 
Published: July 2018

PurposeTo assess inter-observer variability of the Coronary Artery Disease – Reporting and Data System (CAD-RADS) for classifying the degree of coronary artery stenosis in patients with stable chest pain.Material and methodsA prospective study was conducted upon 96 patients with coronary artery disease, who underwent coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA). The images were classified using the CAD-RAD system according to the degree of stenosis, the presence of a modifier: graft (G), stent (S), vulnerable plaque (V), or non-diagnostic (n) and the associated coronary anomalies, and non-coronary cardiac and extra-cardiac findings. Image analysis was performed by two reviewers. Inter-observer agreement was assessed.ResultsThere was excellent inter-observer agreement for CAD-RADS (k = 0.862), at 88.5%. There was excellent agreement for CAD-RADS 0 (k = 1.0), CAD-RADS 1 (k = 0.92), CAD-RADS 3 (k = 0.808), CAD-RADS 4
(k = 0.826), and CAD-RADS 5 (k = 0.833) and good agreement for CAD-RADS 2 (k = 0.76). There was excellent agreement for modifier G (k = 1.0) and modifier S (k = 1.0), good agreement for modifier N (k = 0.79), and moderate agreement for modifier V (k = 0.59). There was excellent agreement for associated coronary artery anomalies (k = 0.845), non-coronary cardiac findings (k = 0.857), and extra-cardiac findings (k = 0.81).ConclusionsThere is inter-observer agreement of CAD-RADS in categorising the degree of coronary arteries stenosis, and the modifier of the system and associated cardiac and extra-cardiac findings.
Pain Mechanisms and Ultrasonic Inflammatory Activity as Prognostic Factors in Patients With Psoriatic Arthritis: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Højgaard Pil , Ellegaard Karen , Nielsen Sabrina Mai , Christensen Robin , Guldberg‐Møller Jørgen , Ballegaard Christine , Dreyer Lene , Mease Philip , de Wit Maarten , Skov Lone , Glintborg Bente , Bliddal Henning , Bartels Else Marie , Amris Kirstine , Kristensen Lars Erik 
Published: July 2018

ObjectiveTo study the prognostic value of widespread pain and of musculoskeletal ultrasound (US) examination for subsequent treatment outcomes in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA).MethodsAn exploratory prospective cohort study enrolled patients with PsA initiating biologic or conventional synthetic disease‐modifying antirheumatic drugs in routine care. Clinical, US, and patient‐reported measures were collected at baseline and after 4 months. Widespread nonarthritic pain (WP) was defined as a Widespread Pain Index score of ≥4 with pain in ≥4 of 5 regions. PsA activity by US was defined as color Doppler (yes/no) in selected entheses, joints, or tendons. The main response criteria included the American College of Rheumatology 20% improvement, the Disease Activity in Psoriatic Arthritis 50% improvement, and minimal disease activity. The primary analyses were age‐ and sex‐adjusted logistic regression.ResultsWP was present in 24 of 69 included patients (35%) and was associated with worse patient‐reported and composite baseline measures, while US and other objective findings were similar to those in patients without WP. The odds of reaching minimal disease activity after 4 months were significantly greater for patients enrolled without WP (odds ratio 18.43 [95% confidence interval 1.51, 224.41]; P = 0.022), while WP did not impair other response measures. Patients with baseline color Doppler activity (n = 42 [61%]) had a worse objective PsA burden, but their chance of treatment response was comparable to those without color Doppler.ConclusionMore than one‐third of patients with PsA presented with WP, which was associated with worse patient‐reported scores and failure to achieve minimal disease activity following conventional synthetic or biologic disease‐modifying antirheumatic drug therapy. PsA activity by color Doppler US had no influence on subsequent treatment response in this PsA cohort.
Body Fat Percentage, Waist Circumference, and Obesity As Risk Factors for Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Danish Cohort Study
Authors: Linauskas Asta , Overvad Kim , Symmons Deborah , Johansen Martin B. , Stengaard‐Pedersen Kristian , de Thurah Annette 
Published: July 2018

ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between bioimpedance‐derived total body fat percentage, waist circumference, and body mass index (BMI) and the subsequent development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA).MethodsA population‐based prospective cohort study was conducted using 55,037 patients enrolled in the Danish Diet, Cancer, and Health cohort. Baseline data included anthropometric measures and lifestyle factors. Individuals who developed RA were identified through linkage with the Danish National Patient Registry. The relationships between bioimpedance‐derived body fat percentage, waist circumference, and BMI and incident RA were assessed using Cox proportional hazards regression models, stratifying by sex. All analyses were performed for overall RA and the serologic subtypes seropositive and other RA.ResultsA total of 210 men (37.6% with seropositive RA) and 456 women (41.0% with seropositive RA) developed RA during a median follow‐up of 20.1 years. In women, the overall RA risk was 10% higher for each 5% increment of total body fat (hazard ratio [HR] 1.10 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.02–1.18]), 5% higher for each 5‐cm increment of waist circumference (HR 1.05 [95% CI 1.01–1.10]), and nearly 50% higher in those whose BMI was in the obese range compared to normal range BMI (HR 1.46 [95% CI 1.12–1.90]). These positive associations were also found for patients with other RA. In men, there were no clear associations between body fat percentage, waist circumference, or BMI and RA. No significant associations were found for seropositive RA in women or men, possibly related to low sample size.ConclusionIn women, higher body fat percentage, higher waist circumference, and obesity were associated with a higher risk of RA.
Novel Electronics for Flexible and Neuromorphic Computing
Authors: Lee Han Eol , Park Jung Hwan , Kim Tae Jin , Im Doyoung , Shin Jung Ho , Kim Do Hyun , Mohammad Baker , Kang Il‐Suk , Lee Keon Jae 
Published: July 2018

AbstractEmerging classes of flexible electronic systems that can be attached to a wide range of surfaces from wearable clothes to internal organs have driven significant advances in communication protocols (e.g., Internet of Things, augmented reality) and clinical research, shifting today's personal computing paradigm. The field of “system on plastic” is on the verge of an innovative breakthrough toward a hypercognitive society by being fused with current neuromorphic applications in the spotlight, which can offer intelligent services such as personalized feedback therapy and autonomous driving. The novel concept of electronics for flexible and neuromorphic computing requires an important research leap in micro‐/nanoelectronics on plastics, system‐level integration techniques (interconnection and packaging), and synaptic devices. Here, representative advances and developments in the area of flexible and neuromorphic technologies are reviewed with regard to device configurations, materials, fabrication processes, and their potential research fields.
Ionizable Amino‐Polyesters Synthesized via Ring Opening Polymerization of Tertiary Amino‐Alcohols for Tissue Selective mRNA Delivery
Authors: Kowalski Piotr S. , Capasso Palmiero Umberto , Huang Yuxuan , Rudra Arnab , Langer Robert , Anderson Daniel G. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe utility of messenger RNA (mRNA) as a therapy is gaining a broad interest due to its potential for addressing a wide range of diseases, while effective delivery of mRNA molecules to various tissues still poses a challenge. This study reports on the design and characterization of new ionizable amino‐polyesters (APEs), synthesized via ring opening polymerization (ROP) of lactones with tertiary amino‐alcohols that enable tissue and cell type selective delivery of mRNA. With a diverse library of APEs formulated into lipid nanoparticles (LNP), structure‐activity parameters crucial for efficient transfection are established and APE‐LNPs are identified that can preferentially home to and elicit effective mRNA expression with low in vivo toxicity in lung endothelium, liver hepatocytes, and splenic antigen presenting cells, including APE‐LNP demonstrating nearly tenfold more potent systemic mRNA delivery to the lungs than vivo‐jetPEI. Adopting tertiary amino‐alcohols to initiate ROP of lactones allows to control polymer molecular weight and obtain amino‐polyesters with narrow molecular weight distribution, exhibiting batch‐to‐batch consistency. All of which highlight the potential for clinical translation of APEs for systemic mRNA delivery and demonstrate the importance of employing controlled polymerization in the design of new polymeric nanomaterials to improve in vivo nucleic acid delivery.
Spinel Structural Disorder Influences Solar‐Water‐Splitting Performance of ZnFe2O4 Nanorod Photoanodes
Authors: Zhu Xiaodi , Guijarro Néstor , Liu Yongpeng , Schouwink Pascal , Wells Rebekah A. , Le Formal Florian , Sun Song , Gao Chen , Sivula Kevin 
Published: July 2018

AbstractZinc spinel ferrite, ZnFe2O4 (ZFO), is an emerging photoanode material for photoelectrochemical (PEC) solar fuel production. However, a lack of fundamental insight into the factors limiting the photocurrent has prevented substantial advance in its performance. Herein, it is found that ZFO nanorod array photoelectrodes with varying crystallinity exhibit vastly different PEC properties. Using a sacrificial hole scavenger (H2O2), spatially defined carrier generation, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, it is shown that ZFO with a relatively poor crystallinity but a higher spinel inversion degree (due to cation disorder) exhibits superior photogenerated charge separation efficiency and improved majority charge carrier transport compared to ZFO with higher crystallinity and a lower inversion degree. Conversely, the latter condition leads to better charge injection efficiency. Optimization of these factors, and the addition of a nickel–iron oxide cocatalyst overlayer, leads to a new benchmark solar photocurrent for ZFO of 1.0 mA cm−2 at 1.23 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) and 1.7 mA cm−2 at 1.6 V versus RHE. Importantly, the observed correlation between the cation disorder and the PEC performance represents a new insight into the factors important to the PEC performance of the spinel ferrites and suggests a path to further improvement.
Free‐Standing 2D Hexagonal Aluminum Nitride Dielectric Crystals for High‐Performance Organic Field‐Effect Transistors
Authors: Yang Fangxu , Jin Lei , Sun Lingjie , Ren Xiaochen , Duan Xiaoli , Cheng Hongjuan , Xu Yongkuan , Zhang Xiaotao , Lai Zhanping , Chen Wei , Dong Huanli , Hu Wenping 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe existence of defects and traps in a transistor plays an adverse role on efficient charge transport. In response to this challenge, extensive research has been conducted on semiconductor crystalline materials in the past decades. However, the development of dielectric crystals for transistors is still in its infancy due to the lack of appropriate dielectric crystalline materials and, most importantly, the crystal morphology required by the gate dielectric layer, which is also crucial for the construction of high‐performance transistor as it can greatly improve the interfacial quality of carrier transport path. Here, a new type of dielectric crystal of hexagonal aluminum nitride (AlN) with the desired 2D morphology of combing thin thickness with large lateral dimension is synthesized. Such a suitable morphology in combination with the outstanding dielectric properties of AlN makes it promising as a gate dielectric for transistors. Furthermore, ultrathin 2,6‐diphenylanthracene molecular crystals with only a few molecular layers can be prepared on AlN crystal via van der Waals epitaxy. As a result, this all‐crystalline system incorporating dielectric and semiconductor crystals greatly enhances the overall performance of a transistor, indicating the importance of minimizing defects and preparing high‐quality semiconductor/dielectric interface in a transistor configuration.