bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of a new system for classifying tooth, root and canal morphology in the primary dentition
Authors: Ahmed H. M. A. , Musale P. K. , El Shahawy O. I. , Dummer P. M. H. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractKnowledge of root and canal morphology is essential for the effective practice of root canal treatment. Paediatric endodontics aims to preserve fully functional primary teeth in the dental arch; however, pulpectomy procedures in bizarre and tortuous canals encased in roots programmed for physiologic resorption are unique challenges. A new coding system for classifying the roots and main canals (https://doi.org/10.1111/iej.12685), accessory canals (https://doi.org/10.1111/iej.12800) and developmental anomalies (https://doi.org/10.1111/iej.12867) has been introduced recently. This paper discusses challenges for describing root and canal morphology in primary teeth and describes the potential application of the new classification system for root canals in the primary dentition.
Association of breastfeeding and early exposure to sugar‐sweetened beverages with obesity prevalence in offspring born to mothers with and without gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Vandyousefi Sarvenaz , Whaley Shannon E. , Widen Elizabeth M. , Asigbee Fiona M. , Landry Matthew J. , Ghaddar Reem , Davis Jaimie N. 
Published: August 2019

SummaryBackgroundThe relationship of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), exclusive breastfeeding (EBF), and sugar‐sweetened beverages (SSBs) on obesity prevalence in children has rarely been evaluated.ObjectiveThis study examined the association of GDM status, EBF, and SSB with obesity prevalence in children (1‐5 y).MethodsData are from the 2014 Los Angeles County WIC Survey, which included 3707 mothers and their children (1‐5 y).ResultsCompared with GDM offspring who were not EBF, GDM offspring who were EBF had lower odds of obesity, as did non‐GDM offspring who were and were not EBF. Compared with GDM offspring with high‐concurrent SSB intake (>3 servings/d) and no EBF, GDM offspring with high SSB intake and EBF did not have lower odds of obesity, whereas those with GDM, low SSB (≤1 serving/d), and EBF had lower odds of obesity. Using non‐GDM, EBF, and low SSB as referent, non‐GDM offspring who were not EBF, with either high or low SSB, had approximately a fourfold increase in odds of obesity.ConclusionsIn GDM offspring, EBF is only associated with lower obesity levels if later SSB intake is also low, whereas EBF is protective against obesity in non‐GDM offspring regardless of high or low later SSBs intake.
The effect of acetylation on the protein stability of BmApoLp‐III in the silkworm, Bombyx mori
Authors: Yang F. , Zhu B. , Liu J. , Liu Y. , Jiang C. , Sheng Q. , Qiu J. , Nie Z. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAcetylation is an important, reversible posttranslational modification to a protein. In a previous study, we found that there were a large number of acetylated sites in various nutrient storage proteins of the silkworm haemolymph. In this study, we confirmed that acetylation can affect the stability of nutrient storage protein Bombyx mori apolipophorin‐III (BmApoLp‐III). First, the expression of BmApoLp‐III could be upregulated when BmN cells were treated with the deacetylase inhibitor panobinostat (LBH589); similarly, the expression was downregulated when the cells were treated with the acetylase inhibitor C646. Furthermore, the increase in acetylation by LBH589 could inhibit the degradation and improve the accumulation of BmApoLp‐III in BmN cells treated with cycloheximide and MG132 respectively. Moreover, we found that an increase in acetylation could decrease the ubiquitination of BmApoLp‐III and vice versa; therefore, we predicted that acetylation could improve the stability of BmApoLp‐III by competing for ubiquitination and inhibiting the protein degradation pathway mediated by ubiquitin. Additionally, BmApoLp‐III had an antiapoptosis function that increased after LBH589 treatment, which might have been due to the improved protein stability after acetylation. These results have laid the foundation for further study on the mechanism of acetylation in regulating the storage and utilization of silkworm nutrition.
Managing demand for social care among adults with intellectual disabilities: A systematic scoping review
Authors: Rojas‐Garcia Antonio , Woodhead Charlotte , Imwensi Elsie , Hassiotis Angela , Aspinal Fiona 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundDemand for formal social services support for adults with intellectual disabilities is increasing internationally. Initiatives which empower individuals with intellectual disabilities to improve their health, develop living skills or manage chronic illnesses may promote independence and reduce unnecessary dependency on social services.MethodsA “preventative framework” to managing demand comprising several domains was developed from existing literature to guide the search strategy.ResultsFourteen papers related to three domains in the predetermined preventative framework were selected for inclusion in the review, including twelve economic studies. Outcomes included measurement of care needs, and cost‐comparison between social care models or cost‐effectiveness of interventions. Due to the heterogeneity, the present authors were not able to quantitatively synthesize findings.ConclusionsThe present authors conclude that evidence linking initiatives across sectors to demand for adult social care is lacking. The present authors identify several gaps in the literature and make recommendations for future research and data recording in practice.
Truncated O‐glycans promote epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition and stemness properties of pancreatic cancer cells
Authors: Thomas Divya , Sagar Satish , Caffrey Thomas , Grandgenett Paul M. , Radhakrishnan Prakash 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAberrant expression of Sialyl‐Tn (STn) antigen correlates with poor prognosis and reduced patient survival. We demonstrated that expression of Tn and STn in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is due to hypermethylation of Core 1 synthase specific molecular chaperone (COSMC) and enhanced the malignant properties of PDAC cells with an unknown mechanism. To explore the mechanism, we have genetically deleted COSMC in PDAC cells to express truncated O‐glycans (SimpleCells, SC) which enhanced cell migration and invasion. Since epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) play a vital role in metastasis, we have analysed the induction of EMT in SC cells. Expressions of the mesenchymal markers were significantly high in SC cells as compared to WT cells. Equally, we found reduced expressions of the epithelial markers in SC cells. Re‐expression of COSMC in SC cells reversed the induction of EMT. In addition to this, we also observed an increased cancer stem cell population in SC cells. Furthermore, orthotopic implantation of T3M4 SC cells into athymic nude mice resulted in significantly larger tumours and reduced animal survival. Altogether, these results suggest that aberrant expression of truncated O‐glycans in PDAC cells enhances the tumour aggressiveness through the induction of EMT and stemness properties.
Efficacy and safety of trelagliptin in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes with severe renal impairment or end‐stage renal disease: Results from a randomized, phase 3 study
Authors: Kaku Kohei , Ishida Kazuyuki , Shimizu Kohei , Achira Meguru , Umeda Yuusuke 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIntroductionTo investigate the efficacy and safety of trelagliptin 25 mg in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with severe renal impairment or end‐stage renal disease.Materials and MethodsThis multicenter, randomized, phase 3 study comprised a 12‐week double‐blind phase followed by a 40‐week open‐label phase. Patients had type 2 diabetes mellitus with severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance <30 mL/min) or end‐stage renal disease (undergoing hemodialysis), and were receiving diet and/or exercise therapy with/without one antidiabetic drug.ResultsPatients were randomized to trelagliptin (A/A, n = 55) or placebo (P/A, n = 52; double‐blind phase). Both groups received trelagliptin in the open‐label phase. The least square mean change (95% confidence interval [CI]) from baseline in hemoglobin A1c at the end of the double‐blind phase was −0.71% (95% CI −0.885, −0.542) and 0.01% (95% CI −0.170, 0.183) in the A/A and P/A groups, respectively (intergroup least square means difference −0.72%, 95% CI −0.966, −0.473; P < 0.0001). Mean hemoglobin A1c decreased after trelagliptin treatment in the P/A group to similar levels observed in the A/A group and remained comparable in both groups versus baseline up to week 52. In the double‐blind phase, the incidence of treatment‐emergent adverse events (TEAEs) was 72.7% and 61.5% in the A/A and P/A group, respectively; most TEAEs were mild‐to‐moderate, except in one patient (P/A group), who experienced two severe TEAEs. The incidence of serious TEAEs was 7.3% and 3.8% in the A/A and P/A group, respectively.ConclusionsOnce‐weekly trelagliptin 25 mg was efficacious, with no major safety concerns, and represents a meaningful treatment option in this patient population.
Early life of fathers affects offspring fitness in a wild rodent
Authors: Van Cann Joannes , Koskela Esa , Mappes Tapio , Mikkonen Anne‐Mari , Mokkonen Mikael , Watts Phillip C. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIntergenerational fitness effects on offspring due to the early life of the parent are well studied from the standpoint of the maternal environment, but intergenerational effects owing to the paternal early life environment are often overlooked. Nonetheless, recent laboratory studies in mammals and ecologically relevant studies in invertebrates predict that paternal effects can have a major impact on the offspring's phenotype. These nongenetic, environment‐dependent paternal effects provide a mechanism for fathers to transmit environmental information to their offspring and could allow rapid adaptation. We used the bank vole Myodes glareolus, a wild rodent species with no paternal care, to test the hypothesis that a high population density environment in the early life of fathers can affect traits associated with offspring fitness. We show that the protein content in the diet and/or social environment experienced during the father's early life (prenatal and weaning) influence the phenotype and survival of his offspring and may indicate adaptation to density‐dependent costs. Furthermore, we show that experiencing multiple environmental factors during the paternal early life can lead to a different outcome on the offspring phenotype than stimulated by experience of a single environmental factor, highlighting the need to study developmental experiences in tandem rather than independent of each other.
Life history traits and temporal trends of abundance of the orange‐spotted trevally (Carangoides bajad) from Saudi waters of the Gulf
Authors: Lin Yu‐Jia , Rabaoui Lotfi , Maneja Rommel H. , Qurban Mohammad A. , Abdulkader Khaled , Al‐Nazry Hussain , Roa‐Ureta Ruben H. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn this study we lay the groundwork for sustainability‐oriented fisheries management, by estimating parameters the life history of orange‐spotted trevally Carangoides bajad as well as trends of abundance in coral‐reef habitats. We observed a new record of maximum size of 720 mm fork length. Carangoides bajad is a moderately long‐lived (14 years) and slow‐growing (K = 0.085 year−1) carangid species, closer to a K‐selection species, with higher vulnerability to fishing and lower rates of recovery when the population level is low. Growth and biological composition in terms of length and age categories do not differ between the sexes, but females become mature faster. Reproductively active months (May–August) overlapped with those from Emirati waters further south. The abundance index showed a pronounced drop during 1990–1993, possibly in connection with habitat deterioration during the Gulf War (1990–1991) oil spill. The index increased gradually from 1994 and has fluctuated close to the reference level of 1985 up to the present. Considering the findings of large‐sized and old‐age individuals and abundance index from coral reefs close to its level three decades back, the C. bajad stock in the western part of The Gulf appears to be in healthy exploitation status despite growing harvesting rates.
An approach to the modelling of stability of waste containers during urban flooding
Authors: Martínez‐Gomariz Eduardo , Russo Beniamino , Gómez Manuel , Plumed Aurea 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBefore the solid waste is dumped in landfills, the collection process for large Spanish cities starts from a regular collection of household waste municipal service which is carried out through street containers. When an urban flood occurs those containers may lose their stability, thereby allowing debris (i.e., solid waste contained) and leachate to escape from the container and contaminate the flood water. Moreover, once a container loses its stability it can further constrict a narrow street and increase flooding, thereby creating a closed basin with no outlet for runoff and exacerbating the effects of flooding. Therefore, the waste containers stability when exposed to flooding is definitely an environmental, safety and health concern to be addressed. In this research stability functions for waste containers exposed to urban floods have been derived. These thresholds have been employed to analyse the containers' potential behaviour during floods in Barcelona. In order to validate the model a historical rainfall has been modelled and low‐return‐period design storms (i.e., 1, 5, and 10 years) have been used to assess the containers vulnerability against floods for frequent rainfall events. Once the number of potentially unstable containers has been estimated, an adaptation measure has been proposed in order to increase the resilience of waste sector against urban floods in Barcelona.
Short‐term and long‐term outcomes of indigo naturalis treatment for inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Matsuno Yuichi , Hirano Atsushi , Torisu Takehiro , Okamoto Yasuharu , Fuyuno Yuta , Fujioka Shin , Umeno Junji , Moriyama Tomohiko , Nagai Shuntaro , Hori Yoshifumi , Fujiwara Minako , Kitazono Takanari , Esaki Motohiro 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackground and AimIndigo naturalis (IN) is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine reported to be effective in inducing remission in ulcerative colitis (UC). We conducted a retrospective observational study to investigate the efficacy and safety of IN for induction and maintenance therapy in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.MethodsData were collected from the electric medical records of patients with inflammatory bowel disease who had started IN treatment between March 2015 and April 2017 at Kyushu University Hospital. Clinical response and remission rates were assessed based on the clinical activity index determined by Rachmilewitz index or Crohn's disease (CD) activity index. Cumulative IN continuation rates were estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method. Overall adverse events (AEs) during follow‐up were also analyzed.ResultsSeventeen UC patients and eight CD patients were enrolled. Clinical response and remission rates at week 8 were 94.1% and 88.2% in UC patients and 37.5% and 25.0% in CD patients, respectively. Clinical remission rates, as assessed through non‐responders imputation analyses at weeks 52 and 104, were 76.4% and 70.4% in UC patients and 25.0% and 25.0% in CD patients, respectively. Ten patients (40%) experienced AEs during follow‐up. Three patients (12%) experienced severe AEs, including acute colitis requiring hospitalization in two patients and acute colitis with intussusception requiring surgery in one patient.ConclusionsIndigo naturalis showed favorable therapeutic efficacy in UC, whereas its therapeutic efficacy in CD appeared to be modest. The risk of severe AEs should be recognized for IN treatment.
After Modigliani, Miller, and Hamada: A new way to estimate cost of capital
Authors: Clère Roland 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn this article, we discuss the impact of financial debt on shareholder value using a new approach that aims: (a) to explain the effect that leverage from debt has on a stock’s systematic risk, or what we shall call here “the systematic cost of leverage,” and (b) to account for default risk in the cost of equity, or what we shall call here “the cost of default.” Our assessment of systematic risk is based on a stochastic approach that is materially different from the one proposed by Hamada: the risk premium remunerates the investor for the probability of equity (expressed as market value) generating a return below that of the risk‐free rate. Furthermore, the approach we use to account for default risk is derived from reduced‐form models, but in this case, (a) we use real probabilities of default and not risk‐neutral probabilities, and (b) we extend the approach to stocks.
Histone deacetylase 6 promotes growth of glioblastoma through the MKK7/JNK/c‐Jun signaling pathway
Authors: Huang Ziyan , Xia Yong , Hu Kunhua , Zeng Shulian , Wu Liqiang , Liu Sisi , Zhi Cheng , Lai Miaoling , Chen Danmin , Xie Longchang , Yuan Zhongmin 
Published: August 2019

AbstractHistone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) activity contributes to the malignant proliferation, invasion, and migration of glioma cells (GCs), but the molecular mechanisms underlying the processes remains elusive. Here, we reported that HDAC6 inhibition by Ricolinostat (ACY‐1215) or CAY10603 led to a remarkable decrease in the phosphorylation of c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK) and c‐Jun, which preceded its suppressive effects on glioma cell growth. Further investigation showed that these effects resulted from HDAC6 inhibitor‐induced suppression of MAPK kinase 7 (MKK7), which was identified to be critical for JNK activation and exerts the oncogenic roles in GCs. Selectively silencing HDAC6 by siRNAs had the same responses, whereas transient transfections expressing HDAC6 promoted MKK7 expression. Interestingly, by performing Q‐PCR, HDAC6 inhibition did not cause a down‐regulation of MKK7 mRNA level, whereas the suppressive effects on MKK7 protein can be efficiently blocked by the proteasomal inhibitor MG132. As a further test, elevating MKK7‐JNK activity was sufficient to rescue HDAC6 inhibitor‐mediated‐suppressive effects on c‐Jun activation and the malignant features. The suppression of both MKK7 expression and JNK/c‐Jun activities was involved in the tumor‐growth inhibitory effects induced by CAY10603 in U87‐xenograft mice. Collectively, our findings provide new insights into the molecular mechanism of glioma malignancy regarding HDAC6 in the selective regulation of MKK7 expression and JNK/c‐Jun activity. MKK7 protein stability critically depends on HDAC6 activity, and inhibition of HDAC6 probably presents a potential strategy for suppressing the oncogenic roles of MKK7/JNK/c‐Jun axis in GCs.
image
Polyphenols as natural antioxidants in cosmetics applications
Authors: de Lima Cherubim Débora Jackeline , Buzanello Martins Cleide Viviane , Oliveira Fariña Luciana , da Silva de Lucca Rosemeire Aparecida 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundCurrently, there is a great interest in cosmetics prepared on natural resources bases and this may restrict the use of synthetic substances. Plants play a relevant role as a source of biologically active natural products with cosmetic and dermatological importance. According to this context, polyphenolic extracts are highlighted because they have proven antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, anti‐aging, antimicrobial, and supporting activity in solar photoprotection.AimsThe purpose this study were reviewed at reporting the antioxidant activity of phenolic compounds, mainly applied to dermatological therapy, and highlighting the action mechanisms and structure‐activity relationship.MethodologyIn September 2017, we performed a literature search in PubMed and Scielo for scientific researches, antioxidant studies, and systemic reviews. The search terms we used were “PHYTOCOSMETICS” AND “ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY” OR “PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS” (from 2000). As inclusion criteria were used relevant original articles, scientific research in the area of interest, and crucial reference articles. Exclusion criteria were: duplicate publications, non‐relevant articles and not published in English.ResultsThe potential cosmetic application of phenolic compounds as natural antioxidants has been attributed to the chemical structure of these compounds, which to interfere in different phases of the oxidation mechanism.ConclusionThe use of phenolic extracts emerges as a viable alternative for cosmetic application, ensuring a commitment to sustainability. However, it is of crucial importance to evaluate the toxicity risks of raw materials and finished products.
The knife cuts on both sides: Examining the relationship between cross‐domain communication and work–family interface
Authors: Wan Min (Maggie) , Shaffer Margaret A. , Lau Theresa , Cheung Eric 
Published: August 2019

Our study aimed to understand how cross‐domain communication via technology affects employees’ work–family interface. We examine the relationships among cross‐domain communication, role‐based resource loss and gain, and the bidirectional forms of work–family conflict and enrichment. Building on Conservation of Resources theory, we expect that cross‐domain communication has positive effects on role‐based resource loss and gain as well as both work–family conflict and enrichment. Furthermore, we suggest that the relationships between cross‐domain communication and role‐based resource loss and gain vary across different levels of role response expectations and role relationship quality. We test our ideas with data from two studies. Results confirm the role of cross‐domain communication on work–family conflict and enrichment through role‐based resource loss and gain. We also find significant interactions involving cross‐domain communication, role response expectations, and role relationship quality on both work‐ and family‐based resource loss and gain as well as on the mediating effects of family‐based resource loss.Practitioner points

Cross‐domain work and family communication is not always harmful to employees’ work and family interface.

When employees engaged in cross‐domain communication perceive high work (family) response expectations and high‐quality work (family) relationships, they experience more personal resource losses and gains within the family (work) domain.

Managers need to educate employees regarding both the pros and cons of cross‐domain work and family communication and provide them with explicit rules about how they can navigate the double‐edged functions of communicating across work and family domains.

Training employees to manage communications across domains will enable them to reduce potential work–family conflict and enhance work–family enrichment.