bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Habitat choice meets thermal specialization: Competition with specialists may drive suboptimal habitat preferences in generalists
Authors: Jacob Staffan , Laurent Estelle , Haegeman Bart , Bertrand Romain , Prunier Jérôme G. , Legrand Delphine , Cote Julien , Chaine Alexis S. , Loreau Michel , Clobert Jean , Schtickzelle Nicolas 
Published: November 2018

Significance
In contrast to the classically expected coupling between ecological specialization and low dispersal propensity, theory predicts that dispersal with habitat choice (i.e., individuals that choose habitats maximizing their performance) should evolve in specialists, while generalists should disperse more randomly. Here, we show in ciliate microcosms that thermal specialists indeed prefer optimal habitats, whereas surprisingly, generalists also perform habitat choice but with a preference for suboptimal habitats. To tackle the question of why generalists should prefer suboptimal habitats, we developed a metapopulation model and showed that competition between generalists and specialists may favor a preference for niche margins in generalists under environmental variability. Our results point out the importance of dispersal strategies for ecological and evolutionary dynamics.
Optimal molecular crowding accelerates group II intron folding and maximizes catalysis
Authors: Paudel Bishnu P. , Fiorini Erica , Börner Richard , Sigel Roland K. O. , Rueda David S. 
Published: November 2018

Significance
Biological processes take place in living cells and have adapted to environmental conditions such as temperature, salt concentration, and high-density cellular contents. However, our molecular understanding of most biological processes relies on in vitro experiments under nonphysiological, highly diluted, and high-salt conditions. To overcome this, we mimic the cellular environment by introducing crowding agents. To understand how such conditions affect large-ribozyme folding and function, we studied a group IIB intron ribozyme under crowded, low-salt conditions. The data show how crowded environments enhance the activity of such large ribozymes, even in low-salt concentrations. Interestingly, we find that “optimal” crowding yields maximum activity, beyond which dense crowding becomes detrimental for activity.
A multiscale approach to balance trade-offs among dam infrastructure, river restoration, and cost
Authors: Roy Samuel G. , Uchida Emi , de Souza Simone P. , Blachly Ben , Fox Emma , Gardner Kevin , Gold Arthur J. , Jansujwicz Jessica , Klein Sharon , McGreavy Bridie , Mo Weiwei , Smith Sean M. C. , Vogler Emily , Wilson Karen , Zydlewski Joseph , Hart David 
Published: November 2018

Significance
We assess the trade-offs and synergies involved with coordinated dam removal at three spatial scales in New England. We find that increasing the scale of dam decisions improves trade-offs among ecosystem services, river safety, and cost, but the benefits of large-scale river restoration vary dramatically by location. Our model may help facilitate future dam decision negotiations by identifying appropriate scales, locations, and criteria that satisfy multilateral funding, policy, and stakeholder goals.
Species interactions limit the occurrence of urban-adapted birds in cities
Authors: Martin Paul R. , Bonier Frances 
Published: November 2018

SignificanceUrban environments are expanding worldwide, impacting the populations of many organisms. Understanding how and why species are affected by urbanization is thus an important goal. We examined the role of direct competitive interactions among species on the response of bird species to urbanization. We found evidence that urban-adapted, subordinate species were less widespread in cities than closely related dominant species, but only when dominant and subordinate species live together, which suggests that direct competitive interactions reduce the ability of subordinate species to persist in cities. This result depended on the level of economic development of the country, suggesting that economic development may heighten the effects of competition on subordinate species, thereby reducing species diversity in cities.
Engineering selectivity into RGK GTPase inhibition of voltage-dependent calcium channels
Authors: Puckerin Akil A. , Chang Donald D. , Shuja Zunaira , Choudhury Papiya , Scholz Joachim , Colecraft Henry M. 
Published: November 2018

SignificanceInflux of calcium ions through surface membrane calcium channels that open in response to electrical signals is important for vital biological processes including generation of the heartbeat and nerve cell communication. Blocking such calcium channels in a tissue- and isoform-specific manner is a sought-after treatment strategy for diseases including chronic pain and Parkinson’s disease. Proteins that can be expressed in cells to selectively block different calcium channel types have particular advantages over conventional small-molecule blockers. A four-member family of proteins known as RGK proteins strongly inhibit calcium channels, but do so in a non-selective manner, limiting their potential usefulness. Here we identified mutated RGK proteins that perform as isoform-selective calcium channel blockers, advancing the therapeutic potential of these proteins.
Allosteric landscapes of eukaryotic cytoplasmic Hsp70s are shaped by evolutionary tuning of key interfaces
Authors: Meng Wenli , Clerico Eugenia M. , McArthur Natalie , Gierasch Lila M. 
Published: November 2018

Significance
Heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) molecular chaperones act as a central hub of cellular proteostasis network. The functions of Hsp70s rely on allosteric communication between nucleotide-binding domain and substrate-binding domain. Current mechanistic models for Hsp70 allostery are based on extensive study of the bacterial Hsp70, DnaK. Here, we report that the allosteric landscapes of the eukaryotic cytoplasmic Hsp70s, HspA1 and Hsc70, diverge significantly from that of DnaK in that they favor a domain-docked, low substrate-affinity state much more than DnaK does. Our mutational results illustrate how this evolutionary tunability of Hsp70s arises by modulation of key allosteric interfaces. These insights will help in understanding the mechanism of Hsp70 functional diversities and aid in the design of small-molecule modulators of Hsp70s.
Decomposition responses to climate depend on microbial community composition
Authors: Glassman Sydney I. , Weihe Claudia , Li Junhui , Albright Michaeline B. N. , Looby Caitlin I. , Martiny Adam C. , Treseder Kathleen K. , Allison Steven D. , Martiny Jennifer B. H. 
Published: November 2018

Significance
We overcame the difficulty of disentangling biotic and abiotic effects on decomposition by using the largest field-based reciprocal transplant experiment to date. We showed that decomposition responses to climate depend on the composition of microbial communities, which is not considered in terrestrial carbon models. Microbial communities varied in their effects on both mass loss and types of carbon decomposed in an interactive manner not predicted by current theory. Contrary to the traditional paradigm, bacterial communities appeared to have a stronger impact on grassland litter decomposition rates than fungi. Furthermore, bacterial communities shifted more rapidly in response to changing climates than fungi. This information is critical to improving global terrestrial carbon models and predicting ecosystem responses to climate change.
Theoretical, empirical and methodological approaches for studying the Afro-Brazilian continuum of Portuguese
Authors: Galves Charlotte 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
The aim of this chapter is to propose a discussion based on the recent empirical and theoretical progress on the issue of the origins of Brazilian Portuguese. Brazilian Portuguese innovations will be presented in two separate sets. The first includes linguistic features that are present in all Brazilian dialects and can be considered as being characteristic of the spoken standard in Brazil. The second contains features that are not shared by all Brazilian dialects, but are restricted to some geographical areas or linguistic communities. All the features described for Brazilian Portuguese are shared by African varieties of Portuguese, which indicates that they have emerged as a result of contact-induced changes. The facts discussed suggest that in studies on the Afro-Brazilian continuum of Portuguese, we should include not only data about the languages involved in the contact process, but also information about the social conditions that contribute to assigning to each of those languages its weight in the competition created by the contact situation.
Research on L2 varieties of European languages
Authors: Gonçalves Perpétua 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
This chapter shows how the concepts of Internalized and Externalized language (Chomsky, 1986), while making clear the distinction between the products of language behaviour and the system of knowledge represented in the mind of individuals, can provide an adequate background to account for the formal grammars of L2 varieties and for the role of L1 transfer in their genesis. To support this approach, I will present linguistic innovations in the realization of different types of verbal arguments in Mozambican Portuguese, an African L2 variety typically acquired by Bantu L1 speakers. The evidence of the study draws upon observational data produced by L2 speakers of Portuguese.
Variable grammars
Authors: Guy Gregory R. 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Linguists generally postulate a mental grammar which children infer from the speech they encounter, and then use to generate their own speech productions. This grammar is often assumed to be invariant and categorical. Language in use, however, is massively variable: the child encounters diversity at the level of dialect, sociolect, and idiolect. Furthermore, all units of language have multiple realizations and fuzzy boundaries. This raises a fundamental question: if the data is variable, even continuous, how does the child arrive at a grammar that is categorical and discrete? I argue that the system that a learner infers is not invariant and discrete, but rather one that recognizes, incorporates, manipulates, and generates variability.
Discovering structure
Authors: Travis Catherine E. , Torres Cacoullos Rena 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
We probe grammatical person differences comparing 3sg with 1sg in actual language use, utilizing subject pronoun expression in Spanish. We reconfigure the familiar constraint of accessibility to distinguish between clause linking (prosodic and syntactic connectedness) in coreferential contexts and distance from the previous mention (intervening clauses) in non-coreferential contexts. This refinement reveals that accessibility impacts 1sg earlier than 3sg, for which the pronoun rate rises more slowly with increasing distance. At the same time, for pronominal and unexpressed subjects, a greater proportion of 3sg than 1sg occurs in coreferential contexts. 3sg pronominal and unexpressed subjects thus tend to cluster more closely. By these differences in the workings of accessibility and in contextual distribution, unlike speech act participant 1sg, 3sg is a transient person in discourse.
An incomplete disquisition against ‘incomplete acquisition’
Authors: den Dikken Marcel 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
This chapter presents a multi-pronged argument, from a generative syntactic perspective, against the notion of ‘incomplete acquisition,’ centered on subjunctive usage by Spanish heritage speakers in New York City. Special attention is paid to the distribution of the subjunctive in futurate cuando clauses and in causative and permissive constructions with hacer and dejar. It is argued that the distribution of the subjunctive in second-generation speakers of Spanish in New York City is different from that seen in monolingual Spanish speakers; but it has not been in completely acquired. The paper also contains relevant discussion of English let’s hortatives, and the acquisition of subject–auxiliary inversion in root wh-questions by first- and second-language learners of English.
Interpersonal adverbs in FDG
Authors: Keizer Evelien 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
The aim of this chapter is to present an FDG analysis of interpersonal adverbs like frankly, fortunately and briefly. Although the literature on these adverbs (also referred to as parenthetical, disjunctive, or comment adverbs) is extensive, and their discourse-pragmatic functions and semantic properties, as well as their formal (syntactic, prosodic) behaviour, have been described in considerable detail, no unified, theoretically framed account has been proposed that captures all these different features, and the interaction between them, in a single model. Concentrating on the adverb frankly, and using data from a variety of English corpora (COCA, BYU-BNC and NOW), this chapter argues that the theory of FDG, with its distinction between an interpersonal (speaker-bound) and a representational (non-speaker-bound) level, offers the means to provide such an account. Its layered organization provides the means to distinguish between adverbs of different scope, while the distinction between adverbs functioning as modifiers within a Discourse Act and those that functioning as separate Discourse Acts makes it possible to distinguish between interpersonal adverbs that are prosodically integrated in the linear realization of the utterance and those that are prosodically independent. Moreover, in accordance with the dynamic, top-down approach of the model, the syntactic behaviour and prosodic realization of adverbs is shown to follow systematically from their functional (discourse-pragmatic and semantic) features.
External possessor constructions and Cree relational inflection compared
Authors: Cenerini Chantale 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
This chapter presents the results of fieldwork and research on the relational inflection in Cree (Cenerini 2014). This form is functionally and formally similar to External Possessor Constructions (EPCs) in Romance and Germanic languages: they both acknowledge participants who are not syntactically licensed by the verb, but that the Speaker perceives to be topical, or particularly affected by the action, and with which she/he empathises. However, unlike the EPC, the relational inflection is not restricted to cases of possession, and is limited only to third person referents. Also, rather than indirect object marking, the relational is realized as a verbal suffix. Finally, it will be argued that, as both constructions are motivated by pragmatic factors, Van de Velde’s (2013) representation of EPCs as Subacts at the Interpersonal Level can be extended to the relational inflection.
RETRACTED: Study on Agricultural Products Promotion Strategy of Three-party Linkage Model under the Background of Internet Plus
Authors: Ma Xiaowei 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
“Internet +” has become the background of economic and social development today. The rapid development of information technology has provided conditions for accelerating the construction of agricultural informatization. The promotion of internet platforms plays a more important role in the sales of agricultural products. This article focuses on the overall situation of the internet in rural areas, based on the province of Jiangsu, from the internet infrastructure, the number of Internet users, the introduction of network promotion preferential policies in several aspects of agricultural products; analyzed the status quo of agricultural products network promotion mode from the aspects of internet transaction security, single means of network promotion, offline distribution; based on the analysis of the basic background, advantages and disadvantages of the Internet marketing and sales of agricultural products today, this paper discusses the strategy of internet promotion of agricultural products based on the tripartite linkage model of “political school enterprises” and provides reference for agricultural product operators and researchers in related fields.
ukbREST: efficient and streamlined data access for reproducible research in large biobanks
Authors: Pividori Milton , Im Hae Kyung 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Summary
Large biobanks, such as UK Biobank with half a million participants, are changing the scale and availability of genotypic and phenotypic data for researchers to ask fundamental questions about the biology of health and disease. The breadth of the UK Biobank data is enabling discoveries at an unprecedented pace. However, this size and complexity pose new challenges to investigators who need to keep the accruing data up to date, comply with potential consent changes, and efficiently and reproducibly extract subsets of the data to answer specific scientific questions. Here we propose a tool called ukbREST designed for the UK Biobank study (easily extensible to other biobanks), which allows authorized users to efficiently retrieve phenotypic and genetic data. It exposes a REST API that makes data highly accessible inside a private and secure network, allowing the data specification in a human readable text format easily shareable with other researchers. These characteristics make ukbREST an important tool to make biobank’s valuable data more readily accessible to the research community and facilitate reproducibility of the analysis, a key aspect of science.

Availability and implementation
It is implemented in Python using the Flask-RESTful framework for the API, and it is under the MIT license. It works with PostgreSQL and a Docker image is available for easy deployment. The source code and documentation is available in Github: https://github.com/hakyimlab/ukbrest.
Opioidergic Regulation of Emotional Arousal: A Combined PET–fMRI Study
Authors: Karjalainen Tomi , Seppälä Kerttu , Glerean Enrico , Karlsson Henry K , Lahnakoski Juha M , Nuutila Pirjo , Jääskeläinen Iiro P , Hari Riitta , Sams Mikko , Nummenmaa Lauri 
Published: November 2018

AbstractEmotions can be characterized by dimensions of arousal and valence (pleasantness). While the functional brain bases of emotional arousal and valence have been actively investigated, the neuromolecular underpinnings remain poorly understood. We tested whether the opioid and dopamine systems involved in reward and motivational processes would be associated with emotional arousal and valence. We used in vivo positron emission tomography to quantify μ-opioid receptor and type 2 dopamine receptor (MOR and D2R, respectively) availability in brains of 35 healthy adult females. During subsequent functional magnetic resonance imaging carried out to monitor hemodynamic activity, the subjects viewed movie scenes of varying emotional content. Arousal and valence were associated with hemodynamic activity in brain regions involved in emotional processing, including amygdala, thalamus, and superior temporal sulcus. Cerebral MOR availability correlated negatively with the hemodynamic responses to arousing scenes in amygdala, hippocampus, thalamus, and hypothalamus, whereas no positive correlations were observed in any brain region. D2R availability—here reliably quantified only in striatum—was not associated with either arousal or valence. These results suggest that emotional arousal is regulated by the MOR system, and that cerebral MOR availability influences brain activity elicited by arousing stimuli.
Adaption and validation of the Working Alliance Inventory for General Practice: qualitative review and cross-sectional surveys
Authors: Sturgiss Elizabeth A , Rieger Elizabeth , Haesler Emily , Ridd Matthew J , Douglas Kirsty , Galvin Shelley L 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Background
Relational aspects of primary care are important, but we have no standard measure for assessment. The ‘working alliance’ incorporates elements of the therapeutic relationship, shared decision-making, goal setting and communication skills. The Working Alliance Inventory (short form) (WAI-SF) has been used in adult psychology, and a high score on the survey is associated with improved outcomes for clients.

Objective
To adapt the WAI-SF for use between GPs and patients and to test its concurrent validity with measures of shared decision-making and the doctor–patient relationship and discriminant validity with measures of social desirability.

Methods
Two rounds of online survey feedback from 55 GPs and 47 patients were used to adapt the WAI-SF—the WAI-GP. The tool was then completed by 142 patients in waiting rooms after seeing their GP and by 16 GPs at the end of their session. Concurrent validity with measures of shared decision-making and patient–doctor depth of relationship was determined using Spearman Rho correlations. Patients also completed two social desirability surveys, and discriminant validity with WAI-GP was assessed.

Results
Following feedback, the survey was re-worded to remove phrases that were perceived as judgmental or irrelevant. The patient measure of the WAI-GP was strongly correlated with Dyadic OPTION (rho = 0.705, P = 0.0001) and Patient–Doctor Depth of Relationship scale (rho = 0.591, P = 0.0001) and not with measures of social desirability.

Conclusion
The psychometric properties of the WAI-GP support its use for measuring GP-patient alliance. Possibilities for use include assessing the influence of therapeutic alliance on the effectiveness of interventions.
Political Trust as a Determinant of Volatile Vote Intentions: Separating Within- From Between-Person Effects
Authors: Voogd Remko , van der Meer Tom , van der Brug Wouter 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThis article studies the oft-assumed destabilizing effect of political distrust on party preferences. We argue that there are two mechanisms that relate political trust to electoral volatility: (1) structurally low trust undermines the formation of stable party preferences and thereby stimulates volatility, and (2) declining trust drives voters, particularly supporters of parties in government, to change party preference. These rivaling mechanisms are often conflated. Using the within–between random effects approach on two extensive panel data sets (covering three different governmental periods in The Netherlands between 2006 and 2017) allows us to separate both mechanisms and estimate them simultaneously. We find evidence for both the structural and the dynamic effects of political trust on changing vote intentions.
Hopf-algebraic Deformations of Products and Wick Polynomials
Authors: Ebrahimi-Fard Kurusch , Patras Frédéric , Tapia Nikolas , Zambotti Lorenzo 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
We present an approach to cumulant–moment relations and Wick polynomials based on extensive use of convolution products of linear functionals on a coalgebra. This allows, in particular, to understand the construction of Wick polynomials as the result of a Hopf algebra deformation under the action of linear automorphisms induced by multivariate moments associated to an arbitrary family of random variables with moments of all orders. We also generalize the notion of deformed product in order to discuss how these ideas appear in the recent theory of regularity structures.