bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Iberian Earthquake(s) of 1169–1184 according to Ibn Rushd (Averroes) and Others
Authors: Wasserstein David J. 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTIbn Rushd (Averroes) (1126–1198), the famous Muslim philosopher, reported an earthquake in the region of Cordoba (Spain) in the twelfth century. The information in his reports is self‐contradictory. We have several other reports of the same event, which are themselves not always very clear. I am now attempting to clarify the problems and offer an analysis of the available information.
The Effect of Organizational Structure on the Entrepreneurial Spirit of the Staff Working in Vice-Chancellor for Treatment of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences
Authors: Karimi Ozhan , Abokhamsi Zeinab , Saki Mohammad 
Published: September 2019

Background: In modern organizations, establishment and utilization of the entrepreneurial thinking are inevitable. Entrepreneurial thinking is considered as the insight and ability of the founders as well as the cause of the organizations' birth and death. In order to develop and strengthen the entrepreneurial spirit in organizations, appropriate facilities should be provided, such as organizational structures and formations. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of organizational structure on the entrepreneurial spirit of the staff working in the vice-chancellor for treatment of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of medical sciences (AJUMS), Ahvaz, Iran.
Methods: This descriptive-analytic and correlational study was conducted on all the staff of vice-chancellor for treatment of AJUMS in 2017 (n = 260). The randomized cluster sampling method was applied and 152 employees were selected. Data collection tools were the Robbins Standard Organizational Structure questionnaires and a researcher-made questionnaire on organizational entrepreneurship. The reliability coefficients of these 2 questionnaires were calculated as 0.85 and 0.81 using Cronbach's alpha, respectively. Descriptive and inferential statistics (Pearson correlation coefficient, univariate t test, regression coefficient) were used to analyze the data with SPSS 19.
Results: The results indicated that the mean scores of the organizational entrepreneurship components in the studied university were higher than the average. The organizational structure had a positive and significant relationship with organizational entrepreneurship (r = 0.08) and formalization had a positive and significant relationship with entrepreneurship (r = 0.20). Furthermore, the complexity had a negative and reverse relationship with entrepreneurship (r = 0.16) and concentration had a positive and insignificant relationship with entrepreneurship (r = 0.11).
Conclusion: It can be argued that reduction of complexity, horizontal and vertical segregation in the structure of the vice-chancellor for treatment, and effective utilization of the standard procedures and guidelines can be used as a suitable and beneficial strategy for innovation in providing health services in hospitals and affiliated centers.
Identifying the Succession Dimensions and Formulating the Health Network Managers' Selection Components
Authors: Nasbi Narjes alsadat , Jalali Farideh , Bordbar Najmeh , Fasihi Nia Hamed , Ansari Pegah , Bastani Peivand 
Published: September 2019

Background: Management transport occurs in organizational hierarchy commonly; so, succession planning is of a great importance. In this regard, identification of the effective methods for succession planning leads to organizational success in health care systems. This study aimed to identify the dimensions of succession and formulate the components of health network managers' selection.
Methods: This qualitative research was conducted by applying the content analysis approach in 2018. To glean the information, 42 semi-structured interviews were conducted using the snowball sampling method. Data was analyzed by framework analysis applying Max QDA 10 software.
Results: The main effective factors for achieving the health network administrator management rank contained 4 main themes of managerial education and skills, specified education and skills, educational methods, and performance evaluation mechanism. Moreover, we identified the main applied points in monitoring the health network managers' duties.
Conclusion: The basic criteria should be defined for selecting appropriate people and improving the quality of services. It also can lead to a framework for succession planning and is helpful in organizational decision making improvement.
FORECASTING SHARE PRICES USING SOFT COMPUTING TECHNIQUES
Authors: Ganesan Vignesh 
Published: September 2019

Background: For a long time, there has been a trend of trading of shares. Brokerage firms and dealers buy/sell stocks for clients and companies. Their work is based on knowing how the share price of the company will react in the market. Market/ share price predictions are useful as the investor/broker can attempt to predict the output in order to maximize his dividends or minimize his losses.
Methodology: R and Python tools are used to sort, segregate and process the data, and techniques/algorithms such as Genetic Algorithm, ARIMA, Artificial Neural Networks, and Linear Regression are used to forecast results of data. Along with the model data, external factors affecting share prices also be taken into account.
Findings: For each of the applied algorithms, their results are compared and the difference in output with the real-time values has been observed and recorded.
Implications: Using data mining techniques, an attempt is made to estimate a prediction model to help forecast share prices.
Validation of a questionnaire to measure success in financial computing literacy
Authors: Deshpande Amogh 
Published: September 2019

An embedded model of teaching financial computing within a course on numerical analysis in finance has been proposed recently in (Deshpande, 2017). It consists of only 10 steps that are aimed at programming beginners. These steps expect students only to be self-motivated to learn. Hence other attributes like pre-knowledge of programming and cleverness aren’t expected to influence the learning outcome. Through qualitative assessment via laboratory observation this was indeed found to hold true. In order to understand the outcome of these 10 steps on a much finer scale, we develop here a questionnaire that measures success in financial computing literacy (SFCL) via quantitative assessment. Four scales were developed: self-efficacy or computing confidence, active learning strategy/pro-activeness, learning environment stimulation and an achievement goal in terms of student satisfaction. Findings of this pilot study confirm construct validity of the questionnaire. Importantly we conclude that self-motivation is not enough and that tenacity is a vital component to keep motivation going. Tenacity can be induced via providing credit for attempting steps.
Guest Editorial: Technology Deployment: How to Get it Done and Maximize Outcomes
Authors: Nijveld Erik 
Published: September 2019

Guest editorial
The oil and gas industry has truly pushed the boundaries over time, and delivered projects that were considered unthinkable not too long ago. Technology has truly been an enabler. Yet, despite the undeniable role that technology has played, it is also clear that there is significant room to further accelerate the speed of technology deployment.
Although it is often believed that “risk averseness” is one of the main reasons for the lack of innovation in oil and gas, it is often due to other reasons, such as:
End users are keen, but do not know about available technologies or do not know where to start. As a result, they stick to conventional practices.
End users do not have the time and/or expertise to assess the available technologies and to sustainably embed technologies into the business.
Suppliers have difficulties getting access to the right people in the end-user company and/or struggle to make a convincing case.
By addressing these three aspects, major hurdles for change are removed, such that the chances increase that end-users are prepared to change their current ways of working, resulting in accelerated technology deployment.
Simplifying Technology Selection
As in daily life, we are far more confident about using technology if we know about others that have successfully used it. Also, it clearly helps in the decision-making process if we are aware of reviews from a recognized expert or other user.
For these reasons, Deployment Matters launched the Technology Catalogue. The platform was developed based on first-hand experience because it is often difficult for decision makers to stay up to date on available technology-driven improvement opportunities for their business. The platform helps technology providers create more visibility for their technologies. In a sense, it works similar to TripAdvisor and other sites that we use in our daily life, although in an industry like ours we would likely not rely on anonymous reviews, or reviews from strangers.
Positioning Technologies for Success
Why do some technologies get deployed while other seemingly superior technologies struggle to get traction? A “technology stress test” provides answers and gives key insights on what can be done to increase the chances of success. This stress test is based on more than 600 deployments (subsurface, wells and facilities technologies). A technology has to be technically sound and fit-for-purpose. But eventually, the reason for users to choose it—instead of one of the many other things that can be done to improve performance—is mostly driven by non-technical factors.
With a stress test, technology is assessed against approximately 30 criteria grouped under seven themes. Only one of the themes is technical, the other six are nontechnical (Fig. 1). Based on a dialogue with key stakeholders around the table, a score is given in the range of 0–5 per theme based on the current situation. As part of the dialogue, actions are discussed and agreed such that the chances of success can be•increased.
Technology Focus: Oilfield Chemistry (September 2019)
Authors: Wylde Jonathan 
Published: September 2019

Technology Focus
The growth in deepwater production is apparent to anyone who works even vaguely close to this section of the industry. Deepwater production continues to increase and is an important part of oil growth up to and beyond 2030, when it may be as high as 12 million–13 million BOPD. Deepwater production is fueled by the Golden Triangle of Brazil, the Gulf of Mexico, and West Africa.
One of the more technologically challenging production-chemistry applications in deep water is the control of gas hydrates. Hydrates are a high-pressure/low-temperature phenomenon where, under the correct conditions, produced gas will complex with water and form catastrophic ice-like blockages in subsea infrastructure. Deepwater subsea flowlines offer an almost perfect hydrate-formation environment, and control measures must be taken.
Several methods exist for hydrate control, and they can be classified broadly into mechanical (e.g., insulation, hot-oil circulation) or chemical solutions. The chemistry can be divided into thermodynamic inhibitors (e.g., alcohols, glycols) and low-dose hydrate inhibitors (LDHIs). Antiagglomerates, or AAs, are a major class of LDHI and are exclusively used in deepwater environments because of the severe hydrate-formation conditions (or subcooling) that can exist.
The early commercial use of AA chemistry in the oil field goes back as far as the 1990s. Since then, many advancements have been made and reported in the scientific, academic, and patent literature. In recent years, advancements have occurred at a tremendous rate, which is in line with the almost exponential growth in deepwater activity. The featured papers and recommended additional reading summarize the state of the art for LDHI AA research and development and have been selected to give readers a broad indication from both academia and industry around the world.
Recommended additional reading at OnePetro: www.onepetro.org.
OTC 29660 Biodegradable Antiagglomerant Chemistry for Hydrate-Plug Prevention in Various Production Conditions by Deepak Steven Monteiro, Halliburton, et al.
OTC 28935 Early Project Low-Dose Hydrate-Inhibitor Dosage Assumptions vs.•an Extensive Laboratory Study by P. Conrad, Assured Flow Solutions, et al.
BHR 2018 143 Measurements of Dispersant Additive on Hydrate/Ice Slurry•Transport by A. Melchuna, Colorado•School of Mines, et al.
Low-Temperature Bitumen Recovery from Oil-Sand Reservoirs Using Ionic Liquids
Authors: Abdelfatah Elsayed , Berton Paula , Rogers Robin D. , Bryant Steven L. 
Published: September 2019

Summary
Steam injection is widely used for bitumen recovery. However, steam is not efficient for shallow or thin reservoirs because of heat loss in the wellbore or to surrounding formations. Numerous alternatives have been proposed, including the addition of solvents and replacement of steam with volatile solvents. Here, we describe a new technology that combines nonvolatile ionic liquids (ILs) and waterflooding for bitumen recovery that can deliver high recovery at ambient temperature.
Different ILs were designed for complete dispersal/dissolution of bitumen at ambient temperature. The designed ILs were tested in coreflood experiments with high–grade oil–sand ore from Alberta. Two different scenarios were tested: continuous injection of ILs at different injection rates and injection of a slug of ILs followed by water injection. Different slug volumes were tested at a constant injection rate. After ILs injection, the oil sand was removed from the column, and the remaining bitumen was quantified using a modified Dean–Stark method. Viscosity and solid–content measurements of the recovered samples at breakthrough were conducted.
Bitumen recovery by the designed ILs can be thought of as a solution mining process. Tuning the physical and chemical properties of the ILs is the most important aspect of achieving the desired interaction with the oil–sand system. Properties of the designed IL depend on the selected cation and anion, and the strength of their intermolecular interaction. Primary amines mixed with the oleic acid chosen for IL1 form a viscous IL that can recover bitumen, leaving a slight amount of bitumen behind, but a large pressure gradient. Changing the cation to tertiary amines produces significantly less–viscous ILs, which completely recover the bitumen in the oil–sand column. Moreover, the cation can be tailored to significantly minimize the fines (clay) migration and viscosity of the recovered bitumen and to provide compatibility with an aqueous phase. In all cases, these recoveries are significant, compared with the currently used technologies.
This work proves that bitumen recovery from oil sand is possible at low temperatures by means of a process analogous to solution mining with the design of the proper ILs, in contrast to viscosity–reduction processes achieved by thermal methods. The properties of these ILs can be tuned for different recovery mechanisms. Thus, this work establishes the basis for developing a new class of in–situ recovery processes with high recovery efficiencies and low environmental impact.
Use of a New Analytical Model To Match Production Data and Identify Opportunities To Maximize Well Productivity in the Tuscaloosa Marine Shale Reservoir
Authors: Guo Boyun , Yang Xu 
Published: September 2019

Summary
The low productivity of the oil wells in the Tuscaloosa Marine Shale (TMS) Trend, located in Louisiana and Mississippi, is a mystery. Production data from 55 wells in the TMS Trend were analyzed to identify possible means of enhancing well productivity. The −1/2 slope in a log–log plot for reservoir linear flow (RLF) was observed for some wells, but not all, and the −1 slope for boundary–dominated flow (BDF) has not been seen in the past 5 years of production. The behavior of the TMS wells is attributed to the ultralow permeability of the TMS matrix and the decline of fracture conductivity, both of which delay the BDF. On the basis of the concept of the distance of investigation, derived from the radius–of–investigation concept, the matrix permeability of the seven TMS wells was estimated to be between 34 and 65 nd, with an average of 51 nd. A new mathematical model for production decline of multifractured horizontal wells was developed taking into consideration the time–dependent fracture conductivity during the BDF period. This model fits TMS–well production data, with an average error of 6.12% and an R2 value of 0.96. Assuming constant matrix permeability, fitting the new model to the production data in the BDF period gives a rate of fracture–conductivity decline of between 0.20 and 0.74% per month. The new mathematical model reveals opportunities to optimize well completion to enhance well productivity in the TMS Trend. For a given amount of fracture proppant allocated to a well, the shortest possible fracture spacing should be used to maximize well productivity. If the number of fractures is fixed as a constraint of well completion design, well productivity is inversely proportional to the square root of fracture spacing (i.e., if the fracture spacing is shortened by fourfold, well productivity is expected to double). If the horizontal wellbore length is fixed as a constraint of well completion, well productivity is inversely proportional to fracture spacing (i.e., if the fracture spacing is shortened by 50%, well productivity is expected to double).
Epidemiological study of scarlet fever in Shenyang City, China
Authors: Chen Huijie , Chen Ye , Sun Baijun , Wen Lihai , An Xiangdong 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Objectives: To depict the Spatiotemporal epidemiological characteristics of the incidence of scarlet fever in Shenyang, China, in 2018 so as to provide the scientific basis for effective strategies of scarlet control and prevention. Methods: Excel 2010 was used to demonstrate the temporal distribution at the month level and ArcGIS10.3 was used to demonstrate the spatial distribution at the district/county level. Moran’s autocorrelation coefficient was used to examine the spatial autocorrelation and the Getis-Ord statistic was used to determine the hot-spot areas of scarlet fever. Results: A total of 2,314 scarlet fever cases were reported in Shenyang in 2018 with an annual incidence of 31.24 per 100,000. The incidence among males was higher than that among females(X2=95.013, P≤0.001). A vast majority of the cases (96.89%) were among children aged 3 to 11 years. The highest incidence was 625.34/100,000 in children aged 5-9 years. There are two seasonal peaks occurred in June (Summer-peak) and in December (Winter-peak) in 2018. The incidence of scarlet fever in urban areas was significantly higher than that in rural areas(X2=514.115, P≤0.001).The incidence of scarlet fever was randomly distributed in Shenyang. There are hot-spots areas located in seven districts. Conclusions: Urban areas are the hot spots of scarlet fever and joint prevention and control measures between districts should be applied. Children in the kindergartens and the primary school students are the main population of scarlet fever and the time distribution of scarlet fever is highly consistent with their school and vacation time. It is suggested that measure for prevention and control of scarlet fever in kindergartens and primary schools is the key to control the epidemic of scarlet fever.
Modelling the effect of subcellular mutations on the migration of cells in the colorectal crypt
Authors: Romijn Lotte B , Almet Axel A , Tan Chin Wee , Osborne James 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background
Many cancers arise from mutations in cells in epithelial tissues.
Mutations manifesting at the subcellular level influence the structure and function of the tissue.
In this paper we present a framework that allows the investigation of the influence of mutations such as subcellular knockouts and knockdowns on migration of cells within epithelial tissues.

Results
In particular we investigate how specific mutations may lead to the increase in numbers of cells in the epithelial lining of the colorectal crypt, which may lead to the eventual destabilisation of the structure of the crypt and the onset of colorectal cancer.
Secondly, we present the computational tools that allow the straightforward integration, and simulation of, SBML representations of subcellular dynamics with multicellular representations of the colorectal crypt.

Conclusions
We see that mutations in APC can cause downward invasion of mutant cells in the crypt.
Intervention strategy of Traditional Chinese Medicine for prediabetes(the syndrome of spleen-deficiency phlegm-dampness ) based on the reversal of blood glucose and the improvement of fatigue
Authors: Sun Xiao , Guo Ping Li , Ren Ming , He Fei Su , Li Yan , Wang Na Mei , Zhai Bo Jing , Li Dan Meng , Hao Jing Zhi 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background:Prediabetes is a growing health concern,a large percentage of whom will develop full 2 type diabetes. The prominent symptom of patients with diabetes and prediabete is fatigue.The syndrome of spleen-deficiency phlegm-dampbess is the main syndrome of prediabetes.Effective intercentions on prediabetes will delay or prevent the occurrence or development of diabetes.
Methods:Randomized controlled trial is implemented in this study.The study term is 3 months.Participants are recruited from Binhai hospital of Tianjin of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Jinghai hospital of Tianjin of Traditional Chinese Medicine and affiliated Wuqing hospital of Tianjin university of Traditional Chinese Medicine.160 participants are randomized to treatment group(Liu Jun Zi granules) and control group(Liu Jun Zi granules emulsifier):80 participants each.Participants being included in this study must have been diagnosed as prediabetes via western medicine criteria and traditional Chinese Medicine criteria.The primary outcomes is the score of fatigue-scale 14 and the rate of blood glucose return to the normal.The secondary outcomes inludes fasting plasma glucose,2-hour post-meal blood glucose and blood lipid test.The indexes of safety include general medical examination;electrocardiogram(ECG),liver function(ALT) and renel function(BUN,Creatinine) test and record of adverse event.
Discussion:The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Liu Jun Zi granules for the treatment of patients with prediabetes.
Trial registration:Chinese clinical trials register ChiCTR1900022736.