bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antiviral Effects of a Synthetic Aluminium-Magnesium Silicate on Avian Influenza Virus
Authors: Ezeibe Madike , Egbuji Anthony , Okoroafor Obianuju , Eze James , Ijabo Omadi , Ngene Augustine , Eze Ikechukwu , Ugonabo Joeseph , Sanda Mary , Mbuko Ijeoma 
Published: July 2019

AbstractEffects of a synthetic Aluminium-Magnesium Silicate (AMS) on Avian Influenza Virus (AIV) were tested. Equal amounts of H5N1 AIV samples and of AMS were mixed, left one hour, at room temperature before centrifuging. The supernatants were remeasured and tested for viral titre, for Mean Death Time (MDT) and Embryo Mortality Rate (EMR) of chicken eggs. Volumes of the viral samples reduced at rate of 23.4 &177; 5.48 %. Viral titres reduced significantly (P from HA, 73 &177; 32.72 to 1.4 &177;0.43). Also, mortality of infected embryos reduced from 100 % to 65% while MDT of those that died, increased significantly (P = 0.001) from 76 &177; 4.38 to 130 &177;17.27 hours. When incubation with AMS was repeated on portions of the same sample, MDT increased from 64 to 104 hours with the portion incubated once. Two AIV portions on which incubation with AMS was repeated could not kill chick embryos.
Early exposure to environmental toxin contributes to neuronal vulnerability and axonal pathology in a model of familial ALS
Authors: Lee Grace , Shaw Christopher 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAdult onset amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) arises due to progressive and irreversible functional deficits to the central nervous system, specifically the loss of motor neurons. Sporadic ALS causality is not well understood, but is almost certainly of multifactorial origin involving a combination of genetic and environmental factors. The discovery of endemic ALS in the native Chamorro population of Guam during the 1950s and the co-occurrence of parkinsonism and dementia in some patients led to searches for an environmental toxins that could be responsible. In the present paper, we report that an environmental neurotoxin enhances mutant superoxide dismutase (SOD)-induced spinal motor neuron death and pathology and induces motor axon abnormalities. These results cumulatively confirm earlier findings that exposure to an environmental toxin is sufficient to produce the disease phenotype and indicate a role for gene-environment interaction in some forms of the disease.
The BRIF (Bioresource Research Impact Factor) as a tool for improving bioresource sharing in biomedical research
Authors: Bravo Elena , Cambon-Thomsen Anne , Gourraud Pierre-Antoine , Hofman Paul , Harris Jennifer , Mabile Laurence , Dalgleish Raymond , Thorisson Gudmundur , Deschênes Mylène , Hewitt Robert , Munoz-Fernandes Maria Angeles , Carpenter Jane 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe central aim of the BRIF (Bioresource Research Impact Factor) initiative is to construct a quantitative parameter to evaluate bioresources, modeled to some degree on the Journal Impact Factor (JIF), and to provide guidance and methodology for optimizing recognition of bioresources, their use and their sharing at international level. To implement this concept an international working group has been set up. Specific tasks have been assigned to several sub-groups: BRIF digital identifier schemes; BRIF parameters, measures and indicators; journal guidelines for resource citing and referencing; policies for bioresource access and sharing. These are discussed in the present manuscript.
Detection of BCR-ABL kinase domain mutations in CD34+ cells from newly diagnosed chronic phase CML patients and their association with imatinib resistance
Authors: Taj Abid , Khalid Muhammad , Qayyum Abdul , Qin Weng , ur-Rehman Najeeb , Khalid Ahmad , Ferhan Muhammad , Khan Mahwish , Baig Shahid , Iqbal Zafar , Jamil Abid , Shah Ijaz , Akhtar Tanveer , Aleem Aamer , Abbad Muhammad , Naqvi Mubashar , ul-Haq Riaz , Tahir Ammara , Iqbal Mudassar , Gill Tariq 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBCR-ABL kinase domain (KD) mutations, the most common cause of imatinib resistance, are infrequently detected in newly diagnosed chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia (CP-CML) patients. Recent studies indicate pre-existing mutations (PEMs) can be detected in a higher percentage of CML patients using CD34+ stem/progenitor cells, and these mutations may correlate with imatinib resistance. We investigated KD mutations in CD34+ stem cells from 100 CP-CML patients by multiplex ASO-PCR and sequencing ASO-PCR products at the time of diagnosis. PEMs were detected in 32/100 patients and included F311L, M351T, and T315I. After a median follow-up of 30 months (range 8-48), all patients with PEMs exhibited imatinib resistance. Of 68 patients without PEMs, 24 developed imatinib resistance. Mutations were detected in 21 of these patients by ASO-PCR and KD sequencing. All 32 patients with PEMs had the same mutations. In imatinib-resistant patients without PEMs, we detected F311L, M351T, Y253F, and T315I mutations. All imatinib-resistant patients without T315I and Y253F mutations responded to imatinib dose escalation. In conclusion, BCR-ABL PEMs can be detected in a substantial number of CP-CML patients when investigated using CD34+ stem/progenitor cells. These mutations are associated with imatinib resistance, and mutation testing using CD34+ cells may facilitate improved, patient-tailored treatment.
Accurate Reconstruction of Molecular Phylogenies for Proteins Using Codon and Amino Acid Unified Sequence Alignments (CAUSA)
Authors: Niu Yingbo , Hu Jingjie , Wang Xiaolong , Fu Yu , Zhao Yue , Wang Qi , Pedamallu Chandra Sekhar , Xu Shuang-yong 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBased on molecular clock hypothesis, and neutral theory of molecular evolution, molecular phylogenies have been widely used for inferring evolutionary history of organisms and individual genes. Traditionally, alignments and phylogeny trees of proteins and their coding DNA sequences are constructed separately, thus often different conclusions were drawn. Here we present a new strategy for sequence alignment and phylogenetic tree reconstruction, codon and amino acid unified sequence alignment (CAUSA), which aligns DNA and protein sequences and draw phylogenetic trees in a unified manner. We demonstrated that CAUSA improves both the accuracy of multiple sequence alignments and phylogenetic trees by solving a variety of molecular evolutionary problems in virus, bacteria and mammals. Our results support the hypothesis that the molecular clock for proteins has two pointers existing separately in DNA and protein sequences. It is more accurate to read the molecular clock by combination (additive) of these two pointers, since the ticking rates of them are sometimes consistent, sometimes different. CAUSA software were released as Open Source under GNU/GPL license, and are downloadable free of charge from the website www.dnapluspro.com.
NPY Levels In Type 1 Diabetic Men of Different Duration.
Authors: Giumelli Claudio , Ferri Teore , Minelli Roberta , Volpi Lavinia , Volpi Riccardo , Araldi Anna , Cataldo Simona , Magotti Maria Grazia , Capretti Luigi , Chiodera Paolo , Coiro Vittorio 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background:
The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether the different duration of type 1 diabetes mellitus influences basal NPY secretion. Design: The NPY concentrations were measured in sixty-eight men with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) (duration: group 1 (n.21) &lt;5 years (range 2-4 years); group 2 (n.24) &gt;5 years and &lt;10 years (range: 6-9 years); group 3 (n.29) &gt;10 years (range: 11-14 years)) and in age matched normal control subjects (n. 30).

Results:
The NPY levels were significantly lower in group 3 than in group 2 and 1 and in the control group, in group 2 than in group 1 and in the control group and in group 1 than control group. Conclusion: These results support the view that the duration of diabetes may have a modulatory role in the decreased basal NPY secretion observed in diabetics.
The transcription factor NFIL3 controls regulatory T-cell function and stability
Authors: Kim Hyeong Su , Sohn Hyogon , Jang Sung Woong , Lee Gap Ryol 
Published: July 2019

AbstractRegulatory T (Treg) cells are a CD4 T-cell subset with an important role in immune tolerance; however, the mechanisms underlying Treg cell differentiation and function are incompletely understood. Here, we show that NFIL3/E4BP4, a transcription factor, plays a key role in Treg cell differentiation and function. Microarray analysis showed that Treg cells had lower Nfil3 expression than all other CD4 T-cell subsets. Overexpression of Nfil3 in Treg cells led to diminished expression of Foxp3 and other signature Treg genes, including Il2ra, Icos, Tnfrsf18, and Ctla4. Furthermore, Nfil3-overexpressing Treg cells exhibited impaired immunosuppressive activity in vitro and in vivo. We discovered that NFIL3 directly binds to and negatively regulates the expression of Foxp3. In addition, bisulfite sequencing revealed that NFIL3 induces methylation at Foxp3 locus regulatory CpG sites, which contributes to the control of Treg cell stability. Together, these data indicate that NFIL3 impairs Treg cell function through the downregulation of Foxp3 expression.
Probing the reconstructed Fermi surface of antiferromagnetic BaFe2As2 in one domain
Authors: Watson Matthew D. , Dudin Pavel , Rhodes Luke C. , Evtushinsky Daniil V. , Iwasawa Hideaki , Aswartham Saicharan , Wurmehl Sabine , Büchner Bernd , Hoesch Moritz , Kim Timur K. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractA fundamental part of the puzzle of unconventional superconductivity in the Fe-based superconductors is the understanding of the magnetic and nematic instabilities of the parent compounds. The issues of which of these can be considered the leading instability, and whether weak- or strong-coupling approaches are applicable, are both critical and contentious. Here, we revisit the electronic structure of BaFe2As2 using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES). Our high-resolution measurements of samples “detwinned” by the application of a mechanical strain reveal a highly anisotropic 3D Fermi surface in the low-temperature antiferromagnetic phase. By comparison of the observed dispersions with ab initio calculations, we argue that overall it is magnetism, rather than orbital/nematic ordering, which is the dominant effect, reconstructing the electronic structure across the Fe 3d bandwidth. Finally, using a state-of-the-art nano-ARPES system, we reveal how the observed electronic dispersions vary in real space as the beam spot crosses domain boundaries in an unstrained sample, enabling the measurement of ARPES data from within single antiferromagnetic domains, and showing consistence with the effective mono-domain samples obtained by detwinning.
Bromodomain inhibitor JQ1 reversibly blocks IFN-γ production
Authors: Gibbons Hunter R. , Mi Deborah J. , Farley Virginia M. , Esmond Tashawna , Kaood Mary B. , Aune Thomas M. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAs a class, ‘BET’ inhibitors disrupt binding of bromodomain and extra-terminal motif (BET) proteins, BRD2, BRD3, BRD4 and BRDT, to acetylated histones preventing recruitment of RNA polymerase 2 to enhancers and promoters, especially super-enhancers, to inhibit gene transcription. As such, BET inhibitors may be useful therapeutics for treatment of cancer and inflammatory disease. For example, the small molecule BET inhibitor, JQ1, selectively represses MYC, an important oncogene regulated by a super-enhancer. IFN-γ, a critical cytokine for both innate and adaptive immune responses, is also regulated by a super-enhancer. Here, we show that JQ1 represses IFN-γ expression in TH1 polarized PBMC cultures, CD4+ memory T cells, and NK cells. JQ1 treatment does not reduce activating chromatin marks at the IFNG locus, but displaces RNA polymerase II from the locus. Further, IFN-γ expression recovers in polarized TH1 cultures following removal of JQ1. Our results show that JQ1 abrogates IFN-γ expression, but repression is reversible. Thus, BET inhibitors may disrupt the normal functions of the innate and adaptive immune response.
QCT-based finite element prediction of pathologic fractures in proximal femora with metastatic lesions
Authors: Benca Emir , Synek Alexander , Amini Morteza , Kainberger Franz , Hirtler Lena , Windhager Reinhard , Mayr Winfried , Pahr Dieter H. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPredicting pathologic fractures in femora with metastatic lesions remains a clinical challenge. Currently used guidelines are inaccurate, especially to predict non-impeding fractures. This study evaluated the ability of a nonlinear quantitative computed tomography (QCT)-based homogenized voxel finite element (hvFE) model to predict patient-specific pathologic fractures. The hvFE model was generated highly automated from QCT images of human femora. The femora were previously loaded in a one-legged stance setup in order to assess stiffness, failure load, and fracture location. One femur of each pair was tested in its intact state, while the contralateral femur included a simulated lesion on either the superolateral- or the inferomedial femoral neck. The hvFE model predictions of the stiffness (0.47 < R2 < 0.94), failure load (0.77 < R2 < 0.98), and exact fracture location (68%) were in good agreement with the experimental data. However, the model underestimated the failure load by a factor of two. The hvFE models predicted significant differences in stiffness and failure load for femora with superolateral- and inferomedial lesions. In contrast, standard clinical guidelines predicted identical fracture risk for both lesion sites. This study showed that the subject-specific QCT-based hvFE model could predict the effect of metastatic lesions on the biomechanical behaviour of the proximal femur with moderate computational time and high level of automation and could support treatment strategy in patients with metastatic bone disease.
Blood-based monitoring identifies acquired and targetable driver HER2 mutations in endocrine-resistant metastatic breast cancer
Authors: Medford Arielle J. , Dubash Taronish D. , Juric Dejan , Spring Laura , Niemierko Andrzej , Vidula Neelima , Peppercorn Jeffrey , Isakoff Steven , Reeves Brittany A. , LiCausi Joseph A. , Wesley Benjamin , Malvarosa Giuliana , Yuen Megan , Wittner Ben S. , Lawrence Michael S. , Iafrate A. John , Ellisen Leif , Moy Beverly , Toner Mehmet , Maheswaran Shyamala , Haber Daniel A. , Bardia Aditya 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPlasma genotyping identifies potentially actionable mutations at variable mutant allele frequencies, often admixed with multiple subclonal variants, highlighting the need for their clinical and functional validation. We prospectively monitored plasma genotypes in 143 women with endocrine-resistant metastatic breast cancer (MBC), identifying multiple novel mutations including HER2 mutations (8.4%), albeit at different frequencies highlighting clinical heterogeneity. To evaluate functional significance, we established ex vivo culture from circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from a patient with HER2-mutant MBC, which revealed resistance to multiple targeted therapies including endocrine and CDK 4/6 inhibitors, but high sensitivity to neratinib (IC50: 0.018 μM). Immunoblotting analysis of the HER2-mutant CTC culture line revealed high levels of HER2 expression at baseline were suppressed by neratinib, which also abrogated downstream signaling, highlighting oncogenic dependency with HER2 mutation. Furthermore, treatment of an index patient with HER2-mutant MBC with the irreversible HER2 inhibitor neratinib resulted in significant clinical response, with complete molecular resolution of two distinct clonal HER2 mutations, with persistence of other passenger subclones, confirming HER2 alteration as a driver mutation. Thus, driver HER2 mutant alleles that emerge during blood-based monitoring of endocrine-resistant MBC confer novel therapeutic vulnerability, and ex vivo expansion of viable CTCs from the blood circulation may broadly complement plasma-based mutational analysis in MBC.
Assessment of menstrual health status and evolution through mobile apps for fertility awareness
Authors: Symul Laura , Wac Katarzyna , Hillard Paula , Salathé Marcel 
Published: July 2019

AbstractFor most women of reproductive age, assessing menstrual health and fertility typically involves regular visits to a gynecologist or another clinician. While these evaluations provide critical information on an individual’s reproductive health status, they typically rely on memory-based self-reports, and the results are rarely, if ever, assessed at the population level. In recent years, mobile apps for menstrual tracking have become very popular, allowing us to evaluate the reliability and tracking frequency of millions of self-observations, thereby providing an unparalleled view, both in detail and scale, on menstrual health and its evolution for large populations. In particular, the primary aim of this study was to describe the tracking behavior of the app users and their overall observation patterns in an effort to understand if they were consistent with previous small-scale medical studies. The secondary aim was to investigate whether their precision allowed the detection and estimation of ovulation timing, which is critical for reproductive and menstrual health. Retrospective self-observation data were acquired from two mobile apps dedicated to the application of the sympto-thermal fertility awareness method, resulting in a dataset of more than 30 million days of observations from over 2.7 million cycles for two hundred thousand users. The analysis of the data showed that up to 40% of the cycles in which users were seeking pregnancy had recordings every single day. With a modeling approach using Hidden Markov Models to describe the collected data and estimate ovulation timing, it was found that follicular phases average duration and range were larger than previously reported, with only 24% of ovulations occurring at cycle days 14 to 15, while the luteal phase duration and range were in line with previous reports, although short luteal phases (10 days or less) were more frequently observed (in up to 20% of cycles). The digital epidemiology approach presented here can help to lead to a better understanding of menstrual health and its connection to women’s health overall, which has historically been severely understudied.
Flaring water masers associated with W49N
Authors: Volvach L. N. , Volvach A. E. , Larionov M. G. , MacLeod G. C. , Wolak P. , Kramer B. , Menten K. M. , Kraus A. , Brand J. , Zanichelli A. , Poppi S. , Righini S. 
Published: July 2019

Aims.We present our monitoring observations and analysis of water masers associated with W49N taken in 2017 and 2018. A significant flare occurred during these observations.Methods.We used ground-based radio telescopes in Simeiz (RT-22), Torun (RT-32), Medicina (RT-32), Effelsberg (RT-100) with broadband spectrometers. Observational data were collected and processed automatically.Results.We report a powerful flare of thev= +6 km s−1water maser feature; it increased in over ten months toS1.3 cm= 84 kJy in 2017 December, then decayed to the pre-flare quiescent value ofS1.3 cm= 8.7 kJy in 2018 August. We infer that this flaring feature is unsaturated based on the relationship between line width and flux density.
The Berry-Esseen bound of a wavelet estimator in non-randomly designed nonparametric regression model based on ANA errors
Authors: Tang Xufei , Wang Xuejun , Wu Yi , Zhang Fei 
Published: July 2019

Consider the nonparametric regression modelYni=g(tni) +εi,i= 1, 2, …,n, n≥ 1, whereεi, 1 ≤i≤n, are asymptotically negatively associated (ANA, for short) random variables. Under some appropriate conditions, the Berry-Esseen bound of the wavelet estimator ofg(⋅) is established. In addition, some numerical simulations are provided in this paper. The results obtained in this paper generalize some corresponding ones in the literature.
Intravenöse Eisensubstitution bei chronischer Erkrankung – bei wem, wann und wie?
Authors: Biggar Patrick , Langguth Peter , Krayenbühl Pierre-Alexandre , Brandenburg Vincent 
Published: July 2019

ZusammenfassungIn den letzten Jahren konnten wesentliche Fortschritte in der Erkennung und Behandlung des Eisenmangels erzielt werden, deren Ergebnisse auch für viele Fachgebiete und insbesondere mit Patienten mit chronisch-entzündlichen Erkrankungen relevant sind. Allerdings wird in der täglichen Praxis ein Eisenmangel vielfach nicht identifiziert und konsequent therapiert.Ein Eisenmangel kann – auch bevor eine Anämie auftritt – die Lebensqualität einschränken und den Verlauf der Grunderkrankung beeinflussen. Bei Patienten mit chronischen Erkrankungen sollte der Eisenstatus regelmäßig erfasst werden. Gerade bei Patienten mit chronisch-entzündlichen Erkrankungen sind die derzeit verfügbaren oralen Eisenpräparate ineffizient, weil die Verträglichkeit eingeschränkt ist und die enterale Eisenaufnahme durch Inflammation eingeschränkt sein kann. Deshalb empfehlen verschiedene Leitlinien hier eine intravenöse Eisensubstitution.
Zum Einfluss soziodemografischer Faktoren auf die Art der
Verdachtsdiagnosestellung und das Tumorstadium bei Erstdiagnose von
Brustkrebs
Authors: Fritz Ulrike Annette Anja , Pfaff Holger , Roth Lena , Swora Micheal , Groß Sophie Elisabeth 
Published: July 2019

Zusammenfassung
Zielsetzung Diese Studie untersucht den Einfluss soziodemografischer
Faktoren auf die Art der Verdachtsdiagnosestellung und das Tumorstadium zum
Diagnosezeitpunkt bei Brustkrebs.
Material und Methoden Im Rahmen der Zertifizierung der
Brustkrebszentren durch die Deutsche Krebsgesellschaft (DKG) wurden vom
Institut für Medizinsoziologie, Versorgungsforschung und
Rehabilitationswissenschaft (IMVR) bundesweit poststationäre
postalische Patientenbefragungen durchgeführt (n=852). Der
Einfluss soziodemografischer Faktoren auf die Art der Diagnosestellung und
auf das Tumorstadium wurde jeweils mithilfe einer multinomialen logistischen
Regressionsanalyse untersucht.
Ergebnisse 45,5% der Patientinnen haben ihren Tumor selbst
ertastet, 33,4% wurden im Rahmen des Mammografie-Screenings und
16,6% bei einer gynäkologischen Vorsorgeuntersuchung
diagnostiziert. Eine Diagnosestellung im Rahmen der
Krebsfrüherkennungsuntersuchungen (KFU) war mit einem frühen
Tumorstadium assoziiert. Patientinnen mit einem niedrigen Bildungsstatus und
gesetzlich Versicherte hatten eine geringere Wahrscheinlichkeit bei einer
gynäkologischen Vorsorgeuntersuchung diagnostiziert zu werden.
Patientinnen im Mammografie-Screening-Alter (50–69 Jahre) hatten
eine höhere Wahrscheinlichkeit für ein frühes
Tumorstadium, Patientinnen mit einem niedrigen Bildungsstatus hatten
hierfür eine geringere Wahrscheinlichkeit.
Schlussfolgerung Die Hälfte der Patientinnen wurde
außerhalb der KFU diagnostiziert. Das Mammografie-Screening zeigt
sich als sensitiveres Mittel zur Detektion früher Tumorstadien, da
eine Assoziation zwischen einer Diagnosestellung im Rahmen der KFU und einem
frühen Tumorstadium gegeben ist. Ein Alter außerhalb des
Screening-Bereichs und ein niedriger Bildungsabschluss stellen
möglicherweise Soziodemografische Risikofaktoren für ein
fortgeschrittenes Tumorstadium dar. Hohe Teilnehmerraten an den KFU,
insbesondere der genannten Risikogruppen, erscheinen daher wichtig, um
Versorgungsungleichheiten zu minimieren.