bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
REPOSITION OF WIDOW BY DEATH DIVORCE IN BATAKNESSE INHERITANCE LAW FROM GENDER PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Sihotang Amri Panahatan 
Published: August 2018

This journal is to study the reposition of widow in traditional Batak’s hereditary law by using gender approach. The Batak’s hereditary Law, tends to be referring to patrilineal kinship which is determined from the line of father’s or husband’s descent so the Widow is not the beneficiary of the husband but the son in the Batak’s ethnic and culture. Along with the current development and important role of a mother/woman in family life, it is important to re-study more deeply the position of a widow in Batak’s hereditary law and some related theories which one of themis gender approach .This is considerably important because there are some modern thinker related to customary law who intend to renew the law especially the beneficiary for the sake of gender equality in the current ages by bilaterally repositioning widow to the national hereditary law . By Educating Batak’s hereditary law from gender perspective, the Batak’s ethic will be able to critically think and flexibly find solution to share the property by positioning the widow as the beneficiary or the heir.
Physician–patient shared decision making in the treatment of primary immunodeficiency: an interview-based survey of immunologists
Authors: Lamb Christopher C. 
Published: August 2018

Background: Patient–physician shared decision making (SDM) can result in better care as well as reduced treatment costs. A better understanding of the factors predicting when physicians implement SDM during the treatment of primary immunodeficiency (PID) could provide insight for making recommendations to improve outcomes and reduce healthcare costs in PID and other long-term chronic conditions. Method: This study made use of grounded theory and was based on the interview responses of 15 immunologists in the United States. It focused on their decision making in the diagnosis and treatment of PID, how they interact with patients, and the circumstances under which they encourage SDM with patients. Results: All invited immunologists took part in the interviews and were included in the study. All but one had 10 or more years of experience in treating PID. The study found that SDM is bounded/limited by “nudging” bias, power balance considerations, and consideration of patient health literacy alignment. Immunologists also reported that they were mainly responsible for coordinating care and for allowing sufficient time for consultations. Conclusion: SDM occurs between the physician and patient throughout the treatment of PID. The study also shows the ways physicians influence SDM by guiding patients through the process. Statement of novelty: Little is known about the factors that influence SDM in the long-term management of chronic diseases. The present study investigated the extent to which immunologists experienced in the treatment of patients with PID include SDM in clinical practice. Findings such of these may be of use when formulating treatment guidelines and improving the effectiveness of long-term management of PID.
Who Was Śalya’s Father? Examining the Genealogy of an Epic Hero
Authors: Száler Péter 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
To the question, “Who was the Śalya of the Mahābhārata?”, a wide scale of different answers can be given. Without being exhaustive, Śalya can be described as a king, a general, a friend, a charioteer or even as a traitor. The high number of his roles indicates that he is among the most prominent epic heroes. On the other hand, it is striking that none of the answers given above refers to Śalya’s ancestry. The importance of the genealogical lists in the Mahābhārata is well established. For an epic hero it was his ancestry that determined his real identity. Therefore it is surprising that our knowledge about Śalya’s family is so meagre. As a matter of fact, the only thing we know about his birth is that he was an offspring of a prestigious royal dynasty. Śalya himself was, however, very proud of his descent and considered his service as Karṇa’s charioteer as a disgrace on his family. This paper attempts to identify this highly honoured dynasty from which Śalya arose. Many passages of the epic give the impression that Śalya was also of Kuru descent just as the Kaurava and Pāṇḍava heroes. This interpretation may shed new light on such events as Śalya’s appointment as general and Pāṇḍu’s second marriage.
Filtration Property of Monofilament Core–Shell Mesh Fabric Treated Via Tourmaline Hot Coating
Authors: Mao Haiwen , Ma Pibo , Jiang Gaoming 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
In this study, woven fabrics with numerous electrostatic charges and desirable charge stability were investigated. A kind of core–shell monofilaments with different melting points between outer and inner layers were applied to wove the fabrics. These fabrics were hot coated through tourmaline particles as an charge enhancer at 122°C. Benefiting from the anions released by tourmaline particles and optimized content of the particles, the fabrics were endowed with surface potentials from −10 to −160 V and the voids content decreased from 45.4% to 41.2%, which contribute to the improvement in the filtration performance of the fabrics. A filtration mechanism was proposed while incremental surface charges with increasing tourmaline particles content have been confirmed through the noncontact measurement of electrostatic charges. The resultant fabrics exhibited a high filtration efficiency of 64.8% and superior long-term service performance. This study can provide a new application of the screen window for PM 2.5 governance.
A Sibling-Pair Analysis for Causal Effect of Education on Health
Authors: Bai Yu , Li Yanjun 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
This paper examines the causal effect of education on long-run physical health, using survey data on matched siblings. By adopting a sibling-differences strategy, we are able to obtain estimates that are not biased by unobserved genetic factors and family background which affect both education and health. To address the potential endogenous shocks that affect siblings differently within the family, we further employ an instrumental variable approach by exploiting a profound disturbance in the education system during the Cultural Revolution in China. The within-sibling estimates suggest that an additional year of schooling is found to be positively related to health status later in life (better self-reported health, lower probability of feeling uncomfortable, getting chronic diseases, and being underweight). We also unravel the potential roles of income and cognition in the effects of education on health.
Geotourism Destinations – Visitor Impacts and Site Management Considerations
Authors: Dowling Ross K. , Newsome David 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Geotourism is becoming a well established form of tourism based on the geological environment. It offers a new form of sustainable tourism which is more holistic then previous niche forms of tourism. However, with more people than ever visiting natural areas worldwide, the cumulative impacts of visitors on geological sites is increasing. This paper surveys visitor impacts and site management at geological sites which are geotourism destinations. We describe geotourism which is the engine driving the core activities of conservation, education and sustainable development in geoparks. We then outline some lessons learned from management in dealing with visitor impacts at a heavily visited geopark in Taiwan, a volcano in Indonesia, and a coastal World Heritage site in England. The importance of education is emphasized for geo-climbing in Spain and all-terrain vehicles in Poland. A number of site management approaches are noted, including the importance of guiding as a management strategy as well as the value of a positive involvement by the local community. Finally, some examples are given of the risks associated with tourism activities in volcanic areas as well as related appropriate management activities.
Choice of Law in b2b Contracts: the Law of the Jungle
Authors: Rutgers Jacobien 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Is the law of the jungle the guiding principle with respect to choice of law clauses in international contracts between businesses (b2b contract)? Does a choice of law imply the rule of the strongest party? These and other questions are discussed in the light of 18 exploratory qualitative interviews with Dutch senior practising lawyers (advocaten). Lawyers were interviewed, since it is often presumed that they play an important role with respect to a choice of law in the pre-contractual phase. However, the perception of lawyers with respect to a choice of law is underresearched. The interview findings are discussed and compared to the data concerning a choice of law in the context of the debates about a common European contract law, regulatory competition, self-enforcing contracts and the legal origin theory. Finally, questions for future research are formulated. For instance, in the empirical research conducted sofar, no specific attention has been paid to small and medium sized businesses. Had they been considered, the outcome could have been different. The same may be said with respect to the different business sectors and the countries where the companies are established.
What if Hillary Clinton Had Gone to Wisconsin? Presidential Campaign Visits and Vote Choice in the 2016 Election
Authors: Devine Christopher J. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Hillary Clinton’s failure to visit the key battleground state of Wisconsin in 2016 has become a popular metaphor for the alleged strategic inadequacies of her presidential campaign. Critics who cite this fact, however, make two important assumptions: that campaign visits are effective, in general, and that they were effective for Clinton in 2016. I test these assumptions using an original database of presidential and vice presidential campaign visits in 2016. Specifically, I regress party vote share on each candidate’s number of campaign visits, at the county level, first for all counties located within battleground states, and then for counties located within each of six key battleground states: Florida, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Michigan, and Wisconsin. The results of this analysis do not clearly support either of the assumptions made by Clinton’s critics. In general, none of the presidential or vice presidential candidates – including Clinton – significantly influenced voting via campaign visits. However, Clinton is one of only two candidates – along with Mike Pence, in Ohio – whose campaign visits had a significant effect on voting in an individual state. Specifically, Clinton’s visits to Pennsylvania improved the Democratic ticket’s performance in that state by 1.2 percentage points. Also, there is weak evidence to suggest that Clinton might have had a similar effect on voting in Michigan. It is unclear from this evidence whether Clinton also would have gained votes, or even won, in Wisconsin had she campaigned in that state. But two conclusions are clear. First, Clinton’s visits to Democratic-leaning battleground states did not have the “backfiring” effect that her campaign reportedly feared. Second, Donald Trump did not win in Pennsylvania, Michigan, or Wisconsin as a direct result of his campaign visits to those decisive states.
The Fight for American Restoration: Understanding the Paradoxical Foundations of the Trump Presidency
Authors: Renshon Stanley 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The Trump presidency was almost wholly unexpected, and remains an enigma. What are its purposes? Why has the president chosen a combative leadership style? This paper argues that the Trump presidency was born in the decades long failure of the Republican-Democratic-conservative consensus regarding the premises of “good” public policy. Trump’s surprise victory set off a maelstrom of vitriolic opposition to his presidency, by any means necessary, that forced Trump to choose between “fight or flight.” He chose to fight – not only because it is a deeply embedded element of his psychology, but also for strategic reasons associated with the basic reconstructive purpose of his presidency that I characterize as “the Politics of American Restoration.” Paradoxically, Trump – a president given to rhetorical excess and serial inexactness, wants to restore the public’s trust in government. And he wants to bring Americans together around his restorative vision while engaged in mortal political conflict with the supporters of the policy paradigms he wishes to displace. Whether and how it is possible to resolve these core paradoxes are central to the question of whether this unprecedented presidency can be successful.
The Politics of Prioritization: Senators’ Attention in 140 Characters
Authors: Russell Annelise 
Published: August 2018

AbstractFor decades US senators have maximized their limited resources to juggle policy, party politics, and constituents, but the rise of social media sheds new light on how they make these strategic choices. David Mayhew’s seminal study of Congress (1974) argues that lawmakers engage in three types of activities – credit claiming, advertising, and position taking, but equally important is understanding how lawmakers make strategic choices among these activities. Senators’ limited resources and attention forces them to prioritize and make trade-offs among these activities, and new media platforms, like Twitter, offer a window into that decision-making process. This article examines what influences senators’ decisions to publicly communicate these activities on Twitter. By using senators’ daily Twitter activity in 2013 and 2015 as a measure of their individual agenda, I find that senators are most likely to prioritize position-taking activities. Women and committee leaders allocate the most attention to policy positions, but attention to policy may come at a cost. When senators do choose to prioritize policy through position taking, they often make trade-offs that lead to decreased attention to advertising and credit claiming. These activities and the choices among them not only have implications for lawmakers’ behavior in Congress, but also the type of representation and information constituents can expect from their elected leaders.
A Wideband Bandpass Filter Integrated Single-Pole Double-Throw Switch with Wide Stopband
Authors: Xu Jin , Cai Qi-Hang , Chen Zhi-Yu 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThis paper proposes a wideband bandpass filter (BPF) integrated single-pole double-throw (SPDT) switch by using the capacitively coupledLCresonators with loadedp-i-ndiodes. The BPF-integrated on-state channel can be synthesized by using the coupled resonator filter theory, and the off-state channel with high suppression is built due to the misaligned resonant frequencies ofLCresonators. As an example, a BPF-integrated SPDT switch is designed and fabricated with the central frequency of 1 GHz and the 3 dB fractional bandwidth of 29.7 %. The on-state channel has a measured insertion loss of 1.23 dB, and a 20 dB rejection wide stopband from 1.47 GHz to 8.6 GHz. The off state channel has a 43 dB suppression around 1 GHz. The isolation between two ports is better than 52.4 dB. The fabricated BPF-integrated SPDT switch size including bias circuits but excluding feeding lines has a compact size of 0.086 λg×0.096 λg.
Disagreement practices in ELF academic group discussion: verbal, nonverbal and interactional strategies
Authors: Toomaneejinda Anuchit , Harding Luke 
Published: August 2018

AbstractAcademic group work can involve challenging pragmatic acts, and chief among these is, arguably, disagreement. There is little known, however, about how disagreement is realised in ELF academic group discussion tasks, where the tendency towards greater cooperation and mutual support in ELF communication may be at odds with the need to achieve task goals through the expression of an oppositional stance. In addressing this issue, the current study sought to answer the research question: how do postgraduate students in a UK university setting express their disagreement in ELF academic group discussion? Twelve participants from ten different linguacultural backgrounds completed two different simulated discussion tasks: one targeting opinions, and the other consensus decision-making. The same participants also took part in retrospective stimulated-recall interviews using the video-recording of their discussions as a stimulus. Discourse analysis of the transcribed interactions revealed that the ELF participants used a wide range of verbal, nonverbal and interactional strategies in their disagreeing practices. Three salient strategies are presented in detail: focus shifts, complex turn-management (other-initiated disagreement turn dependence and turn-throwing/passing), and the use of gaze. Through these examples, we show that while the discourse produced in group discussion tasks was rich in disagreement, ELF participants used complex linguistic and interactional strategies to avoid explicit displays of their oppositional stance. Results are discussed with a view to developing theory around disagreement in ELF academic contexts.
The crystal structure of N,N-diethyl-4,6-bis(naphthalen-2-yloxy)-1,3,5-triazin-2-amine, C27H24N4O2
Authors: Zuo Zhenyu , Lei Fuhou , Song Xiao , Wang Lu 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
C27H24N4O2 monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 5.8073(2) Å, b = 31.2564(9) Å, c = 24.8105(8) Å, β = 90.13°, V = 4503.5(2) Å3, Z = 8, R
gt(F) = 0.0644, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1854, T = 150(2) K.
Panoptispy: Characterizing Audio and Video Exfiltration from Android Applications
Authors: Pan Elleen , Ren Jingjing , Lindorfer Martina , Wilson Christo , Choffnes David 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The high-fidelity sensors and ubiquitous internet connectivity offered by mobile devices have facilitated an explosion in mobile apps that rely on multimedia features. However, these sensors can also be used in ways that may violate user’s expectations and personal privacy. For example, apps have been caught taking pictures without the user’s knowledge and passively listened for inaudible, ultrasonic audio beacons. The developers of mobile device operating systems recognize that sensor data is sensitive, but unfortunately existing permission models only mitigate some of the privacy concerns surrounding multimedia data.
In this work, we present the first large-scale empirical study of media permissions and leaks from Android apps, covering 17,260 apps from Google Play, AppChina, Mi.com, and Anzhi. We study the behavior of these apps using a combination of static and dynamic analysis techniques. Our study reveals several alarming privacy risks in the Android app ecosystem, including apps that over-provision their media permissions and apps that share image and video data with other parties in unexpected ways, without user knowledge or consent. We also identify a previously unreported privacy risk that arises from third-party libraries that record and upload screenshots and videos of the screen without informing the user and without requiring any permissions.
The diffusion of 75Se(IV) in Beishan granite – temperature, oxygen condition and ionic strength effects
Authors: Wang Chunli , Yang Xiaoyu , He Jiangang , Wei Fangxin , Zheng Zhong , Liu Chunli 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
To explore the diffusion behavior of 75Se(IV) in Beishan granite (BsG), the influences of temperature, oxygen condition and ionic strength were investigated using the through-diffusion experimental method. The effective diffusion coefficient D
e

of 75Se(IV) in BsG varied from 4.21×10−14 m2/s to 3.19×10−13 m2/s in our experimental conditions, increased with increasing temperature. The formation factor F

f
of BsG was calculated to be nearly constant in the range of temperatures investigated, suggesting that the inner structure of BsG had no significant change in the temperature range of 20–55°C. Meanwhile, the D
e

values of 75Se(IV) in BsG under anaerobic condition was significantly larger than that under aerobic condition, which may be attributed to the difference in the sorption characteristics and species distribution of Se and pH values. Moreover, the diffusion of 75Se(IV) was promoted with ionic strength increased from 0.01 M to 0.1 M, and then decreased at 0.5 M, mainly due to the combined effects of reduced double layers with increased ionic strength and increase of the solution viscosity at higher ionic strength.
Kinetic and equilibrium studies of Cs(I), Sr(II) and Eu(III) adsorption on a natural sandy soil
Authors: Qiu Liyan , Scott Kristen , Rousseau Stephane 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Radioactive cesium, strontium and europium can be released as fission products during nuclear incidents and pose a major concern to contamination control because of their biological activity and long decay half-lives. Experiments were performed to study the kinetics and equilibrium of the adsorption of inactive Cs(I), Sr(II) and Eu(III) ions on a natural sandy soil. It was found that the adsorption of Cs(I), Sr(II) and Eu(III) had a second order reaction kinetics and generally reached equilibrium within 7 days. The adsorption equilibria of Cs(I) follows a Freundlich isotherm, while those of Sr(II) and Eu(III) follows a Langmuir isotherm. Adsorption increases with increasing pH for these cations studied at temperatures from 25 to 50°C. In general, the temperature effect on cation adsorption is small under these test conditions suggesting that the enthalpy change for adsorption is not significant. Tests of mixed Cs(I) and Sr(II) adsorption suggested that these cations likely adsorb on different sites on the surface of sandy soil. The desorption tests in NaCl and CaCl2 solutions show that Eu(III) and Cs(I) are more tightly bound and less mobile in natural sandy soil than Sr(II) under the same test conditions. Tests of Cs(I), Sr(II) and Eu(III) in a column under a flowing condition revealed that these cations mainly adsorbed within the depth of 2 cm below the surface of sandy soil.
Antibacterial properties of doped nanoparticles
Authors: Bhattacharya Proma , Neogi Sudarsan 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Nanoparticles have high potential as antibacterial agents, owing to their ability to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS). Recent studies have indicated that this ROS generation is highly affected by the modification of band structure by the introduction of various dopant materials into them. Thus, doped nanoparticles have been extensively studied in the recent literature. The types of dopants, synthesis techniques, and experimental parameters have been found to affect the overall electronic structure of the material, leading to varied antibacterial efficiency. This review summarizes some of the prominent dopant nanomaterials, various methods of synthesizing doped nanoparticles used against bacterial cells, and the main factors involved in it. Despite the extensive research on the mechanism of the antibacterial action, it is still poorly understood mainly due to the inherent complexities and dynamics in cell membranes. Some of the major proposed mechanisms of action of each kind of dopant nanomaterial have also been reported in this work, focusing on the bacterial cell structure.
Die Bergbaugewerkschaft und die „Gastarbeiter“
Authors: Seidel Hans-Christoph 
Published: August 2018

Vorspann
Seit Ende der 1950er Jahre war der Kumpel im Ruhrbergbau immer öfter ein Türke. Obwohl der Bergbau eine schrumpfende Branche war, stieg der Anteil der in ihr beschäftigten Arbeitsmigranten an. Hans-Christoph Seidel erläutert in seinem Beitrag die Spezifika dieser Arbeitskräftepolitik und analysiert vor deren Hintergrund, wie die Bergbaugewerkschaft auf die Herausforderungen reagierte, die sich für sie daraus ergaben. Er beginnt seine Untersuchung mit der Etablierung des „Gastarbeiter“-Systems und führt sie bis in die 1980er Jahre fort, als die Politik die Zeichen auf eine „Förderung der Rückkehrbereitschaft“ umstellte.