bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A model of periodization of radio and internet advertising history
Authors: Buchwitz Lilly Anne 
Published: April 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to describe the development of forms of advertising on radio and internet when they were new media and propose a model of periodization through which the two histories can be understood and appreciated.

Design/methodology/approach
Two narrative histories were constructed based on data collected from numerous public and private, historical and contemporary and primary and secondary materials. The methodology of New Historicism informed the research.

Findings
When the two histories are viewed through the model, many similarities in terms of milestones and markers become apparent.

Research limitations/implications
Perhaps when the next new electronic mass medium is invented, a future researcher may look back on this model and consider whether it applies.

Practical implications
For practitioners who consider history a relevant source of knowledge and inspiration, this research offers a way of organizing and understanding the history of internet advertising.

Social implications
Today’s consumers, especially Millennials, continue to seek to avoid advertising on the internet. The use of ad blockers poses a significant threat to the business models of online content providers. This research demonstrates that resistance to advertising is nothing new and that it may be, in the end, futile.

Originality/value
The model is an original creation, based on an original view of history, and offered as a lens through which to understand this history.
Uncovering the role of virtual agents in co-creation contexts
Authors: Castellano Sylvaine , Khelladi Insaf , Charlemagne Justine , Susini Jean-Paul 
Published: April 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to understand the roles of virtual agents in a virtual co-creation context by exploring their influence on online trust. An empirical study is conducted in the French online wine business to analyse the impacts of different dimensions of virtual agents on generating online trust.Design/methodology/approachPrimary data were collected through a questionnaire targeting French online wine shoppers.FindingsThe results demonstrate a positive effect of the utility and hedonic functions of virtual agents on online trust. The findings also confirm the moderating role of the perceived risk.Research limitations/implicationsThe authors’ convenience sample shows a bias towards a lack of familiarity with virtual agents.Practical implicationsWine business actors need to consider their customers’ profiles in order to better adapt virtual agents’ functionality and hence improve their customers’ level of online trust while reducing their risk perception. Additionally, understanding virtual agents’ roles can help identify the underlying mechanisms that emerge in a co-creation process.Originality/valueThe study contributes to a better understanding of the human dimension of co-creation by examining the different roles of virtual agents as sources of customers’ online trust.
Axes of relationship value between manufacturers and retailers
Authors: Ruiz-Martinez Alfonso , Gil-Saura Irene , Frasquet Marta 
Published: April 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to define the relationship strategy of manufacturers with their retail customers through the identification of axes for the creation of relationship value.

Design/methodology/approach
A survey was carried out and 219 valid questionnaires were completed and returned by the purchasing managers of retail companies in the furniture sector. The model was estimated using the partial least squares approach.

Findings
The results revealed three axes of value creation: the core axis, the information and communication technologies (ICTs) axis, and the access axis. These axes included the benefits and costs related to the product and the service provided, the ICTs of the manufacturing project, and the relationships with the sales personnel.

Research limitations/implications
Due to the size of the sample, the authors were unable to analyse the potential unobserved heterogeneity of the sample. The authors would suggest that this aspect should be analysed in future research in order to attempt to segment clients.

Practical implications
Seller support is the main element of value creation. The importance of the efforts made by management to strengthen the capacities of the field force may be highlighted.

Originality/value
The main contribution of this study has been to increase the level of abstraction of the study of relationship value through the identification and modelling of its axes of creation for the under-researched retailers-suppliers relationship.
Experimental investigation of powder-mixed electric discharge machining of AISI P20 steel using different powders and tool materials
Authors: S. Ramesh , Jenarthanan M.P. , A.S. Bhuvanesh Kanna 
Published: April 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the performance of powder-mixed electric discharge machining (PMEDM) using three different powders which are aluminium (Al), silicon carbide (SiC) and aluminium oxide (Al2O3). Besides that, the influence of different tool materials was also studied in this experimental investigation. Hence, the work material selected for this purpose was AISI P20 steel and tool materials were copper, brass and tungsten. The performance measures considered in this work were material removal rate (MRR), tool wear rate and radial over cut (ROC).

Design/methodology/approach
The process variables considered in this study were powder types, powder concentration, tool materials, peak current and pulse on time. The experimental design, based on Taguchi’s L27 orthogonal array, was adopted to conduct experiments. Significant parameters were identified by performing the analysis of variance on the experimental data.

Findings
Based on the analysis of results, it was observed that copper tool combined with Al powder produced maximum MRR (58.35 mm3/min). Similarly, the Al2O3 powder combined with tungsten tool has resulted least ROC (0.04865 mm). It was also observed that wear rate of tungsten tool was very low (0.0145 mm3/min).

Originality/value
The experimental investigation of PMEDM involving three different powders (Al, SiC and Al2O3) was not attempted before. Moreover, the study of influence of different tool materials (Cu, brass and W) together with the different powders on the electric discharge machining performance was very limited.
Noise filtering techniques for Lamb waves in structural health monitoring
Authors: Sharma Ambuj , Kumar Sandeep , Tyagi Amit 
Published: April 2018

Purpose
The real challenges in online crack detection testing based on guided waves are random noise as well as narrow-band coherent noise; and to achieve efficient structural health assessment methodology, magnificent extraction of noise and analysis of the signals are essential. The purpose of this paper is to provide optimal noise filtering technique for Lamb waves in the diagnosis of structural singularities.

Design/methodology/approach
Filtration of time-frequency information of guided elastic waves through the noisy signal is investigated in the present analysis using matched filtering technique which “sniffs” the signal buried in noise and most favorable mother wavelet based denoising methods. The optimal wavelet function is selected using Shannon’s entropy criterion and verified by the analysis of root mean square error of the filtered signal.

Findings
Wavelet matched filter method, a newly developed filtering technique in this work and which is a combination of the wavelet transform and matched filtering method, significantly improves the accuracy of the filtered signal and identifies relatively small damage, especially in enormously noisy data. A comparative study is also performed using the statistical tool to know acceptability and practicability of filtered signals for guided wave application.

Practical implications
The proposed filtering techniques can be utilized in online monitoring of civil and mechanical structures. The algorithm of the method is easy to implement and found to be successful in accurately detecting damage.

Originality/value
Although many techniques have been developed over the past several years to suppress random noise in Lamb wave signal but filtration of interferences of wave modes and boundary reflection is not in a much matured stage and thus needs further investigation. The present study contains detailed information about various noise filtering methods, newly developed filtration technique and their efficacy in handling the above mentioned issues.
Characterization of Al-Al2Cu functionally graded material produced by using horizontal centrifugal casting
Authors: Mehditabar Aref , Rahimi Gholam H. , Vahdat Seyed Ebrahim 
Published: April 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the characterizations of high energy thick-walled functionally graded (FG) cylinder containing Al-26%Cu fabricated by horizontal centrifugal casting technique.

Design/methodology/approach
Field emission scanning electron microscopy in conjunction with image analyser software and energy dispersion spectroscopy is applied to measure the variations of constituent phase’s content and elemental ratios along the radial direction, respectively. Distributions of the FG properties are measured through hardness, CTE, E and σy along the radial direction to investigate the mechanical and physical properties corresponding to the variations in microstructure. In addition, the variations of wear rate along the thickness are evaluated through a series of dry sliding wear tests using the pin-on-disk wear machine. Moreover, scanning electron microscopy is employed to characterize the worn-out surfaces and morphology of wear debris in order to clarify the dominant operative wear mechanism.

Findings
Results showed that Al2Cu content gradually decreases from the inner wall containing 33.3 vol.% to outer wall containing 26.4 vol.% in the FG cylindrical shell. The elastic modulus and yield strength measured through compression tests reveal that these mechanical properties are limited up to certain value of Al2Cu. The obtained optimum value of Al2Cu content for studied Al-Al2Cu FG is almost 31 vol.%.

Originality/value
The obtained optimum value of Al2Cu content for studied Al-Al2Cu FG was almost 31 vol.%.
Epidemiological Study of Carbon Monoxide Deaths in Scotland 2007–2016,
Authors: Lisbona Claudia Forés , Hamnett Hilary J. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractCarbon monoxide (CO) intoxications are quite frequent in forensic toxicology. Using a sample of 209 CO‐positive deaths in Scotland from 2007 to 2016, this study provides ranges of percentage CO saturations (%COHb) according to the CO source and examines any correlation with age, gender, alcohol, and preexisting disease. It also reports the full toxicological findings, including drug concentrations, in CO‐positive cases. The highest numbers of fatalities involved males, occurred during autumn/winter, and the main source of CO was fire. The median %COHb in fire‐related cases was significantly lower than in non‐fire‐related cases such as those involving exhausts, generators and gas supply systems, and portable BBQs. There was no relationship between %COHb and age, blood alcohol concentration, or the presence of preexisting cardiovascular and/or respiratory disease. Toxicology results revealed that prescription medications were the most commonly detected drug group and that the number of cases positive for controlled drugs was small.
Evaluation of DNA Extraction Methods from Waterlogged Bones: A Pilot Study,
Authors: Cartozzo Claire , Singh Baneshwar , Boone Edward , Simmons Tal 
Published: April 2018

AbstractWhen deaths occur in water, soft tissue decomposes after a temperature‐dependent period, making DNA identification dependent on bone. This study examined the effects of water on bone DNA purity and quantity, and determined the best of three extraction methods for isolating DNA. The organic phenol–chloroform method consistently extracted DNA approximating the accepted 260/280 purity value (~1.8); ChargeSwitch® gDNA Plant Kit and DNeasy Blood and Tissue Kit produced fair and unacceptable values, respectively. The purity value for humerus and rib samples was consistent across accumulated degree days (ADD). Significant differences in quantification among extraction methods and between bone types were identified. Ribs and ChargeSwitch® gDNA Plant Kit samples produced the lowest mean Ct values of the bone types and the extraction methods, respectively. Therefore, this study proposes that magnetic bead technology extraction methods and ribs be considered when processing bones that have been submerged in water for any length of time.
Relative Importance of Water‐Quality Stressors in Predicting Fish Community Responses in Midwestern Streams
Authors: Meador Michael R. , Frey Jeffrey W. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractFish, habitat, and water chemistry data were collected from 98 streams in the midwestern United States, an area dominated by intense cultivation of row crops, in order to identify important water‐quality stressors to fish communities. We focused on 10 stressors including riparian disturbance, riparian vegetative cover, instream fish cover, streambed sedimentation, streamflow variability, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, minimum dissolved oxygen, pesticides, and bed sediment contaminants. Fish community response variables included a measure of observed/expected taxonomic completeness; species‐specific tolerances to nitrogen, phosphorus, dissolved oxygen, and water temperature; the percent of species classified as macrohabitat generalists; and an index of pesticide toxicity to fish. Multivariate analysis indicated that total nitrogen was the most important stressor, signifying that fish communities were responding to total nitrogen despite relatively high levels common to an agricultural setting. Individually, fish taxonomic completeness decreased with increasing streambed sedimentation, whereas fish community tolerance to total phosphorus increased with increasing streambed sedimentation, riparian disturbance, and total nitrogen. These findings underscore the importance of multiple biological response metrics to better understand the effects of water‐quality stressors on fish communities and highlight the complex relations between total phosphorus and fish communities.
Editorial: optimal dose of carvedilol in portal hypertension…nearly there. Authors' reply
Authors: Reiberger T. , Ferlitsch A. 
Published: April 2018

Linked ContentThis article is linked to Schwarzer et al and Tripathi and Stanley paper. To view these articles visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14576 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14607.
Liquid Biopsy zur Überwachung von Melanompatienten
Authors: Gaiser Maria Rita , von Bubnoff Nikolas , Gebhardt Christoffer , Utikal Jochen Sven 
Published: April 2018

ZusammenfassungIn den letzten sechs Jahren wurden verschiedene innovative systemische Therapien zur Behandlung des metastasierten malignen Melanoms (MM) entwickelt. Die konventionelle Chemotherapie wurde durch neuartige Primärtherapien abgelöst, darunter systemische Immuntherapien (Anti‐CTLA4‐ und Anti‐PD1‐Antikörper; Zulassung von Anti‐PDL1‐Antikörpern erwartet) und Therapien, die gegen bestimmte Mutationen gerichtet sind (BRAF, NRAS und c‐KIT). Daher stehen die behandelnden Ärzte neuen Herausforderungen gegenüber, beispielsweise der Stratifizierung von Patienten für geeignete Behandlungen und der Überwachung von Langzeit‐Respondern auf Progression. Folglich werden zuverlässige Methoden zur Überwachung von Krankheitsprogression oder Behandlungsresistenz benötigt.Lokalisierte und fortgeschrittene Krebserkrankungen können zur Bildung zirkulierender Tumorzellen und Tumor‐DNA (ctDNA) führen, die sich in Proben von peripherem Blut nachweisen und quantifizieren lassen (Liquid Biopsy). Im Fall von Melanompatienten können die Ergebnisse von Liquid Biopsy als neuartige prädiktive Biomarker bei therapeutischen Entscheidungen hilfreich sein, insbesondere im Zusammenhang mit mutationsbasierten zielgerichteten Therapien. Die Herausforderungen bei der Anwendung der Liquid Biopsy beinhalten strikte Kriterien für den Phänotyp der zirkulierenden MM‐Zellen oder ihrer Fragmente und die Instabilität von ctDNA im Blut. In diesem Übersichtsartikel diskutieren wir die Beschränkungen der Liquid Biopsy hinsichtlich ihrer Anwendung in der Routinediagnostik.
Patient satisfaction in 1,827 patients following various methods of facial reconstruction based on age, defect size and site
Authors: Schnabl Saskia Maria , Breuninger Helmut , Iordanou Eleni , Scheu Alexander , Kofler Lukas , Häfner Hans‐Martin , Eberle Franziska Carola 
Published: April 2018

SummaryBackgroundDefect coverage following tumor excision requires a case‐by‐case decision as regards the optimal reconstruction technique. In the head and neck region in particular, the cosmetic outcome is of major importance. The objective of the present study was to compare various reconstruction methods in terms of their functional and aesthetic outcome based on patient age, defect size and site.Patients and methodsOverall, 1,827 patients (age: 18–92 years, median age: 56 years) were contacted. Using a standardized questionnaire, they were asked to assess postoperative complications, cosmetic and functional outcome, and the overall result of the surgical procedure. In addition, patient records were used to collect data on defect size and site as well as the type of surgical procedure employed.ResultsRated as very good or good (86 %), defect closure by advancement flaps received the highest scores in terms of overall result. Other flaps and skin grafts were rated less favorably. Postoperative complications were significantly more common after local flaps. Irrespective of defect size (< 150 mm2, 150–300 mm2, > 300 mm2), older patients considered the visibility of the scar to be less prominent than younger individuals. Scars in the central facial region were perceived to be more visible. Gender and smoking habits had no impact on the results of the survey.ConclusionsScars in the central facial region were perceived to be more prominent. Overall, older individuals considered their scars to be less conspicuous. Even though they are initially associated with greater tension, advancement flaps resulted in very good aesthetic and functional results and a high level of patient satisfaction.
Vernarbende Alopezien
Authors: Kanti Varvara , Röwert‐Huber Joachim , Vogt Annika , Blume‐Peytavi Ulrike 
Published: April 2018

ZusammenfassungPrimär vernarbende Alopezien (PVA) werden nach der Klassifikation der North American Hair Research Society nach ihrem prominenten entzündlichen Infiltrat in vier Gruppen eingeteilt: PVA mit lymphozytärem, neutrophilem, gemischtzelligem oder unspezifischem Entzündungsmuster. Der Haarausfall kann subklinisch beginnen und langsam fortschreiten, so dass der genaue Erkrankungsbeginn oft schwer nachzuvollziehen ist. Die Diagnose wird häufig verzögert gestellt. Während die meisten vernarbenden Alopezien bei vollständiger Ausprägung anhand des klinischen Bildes klar zugeordnet werden können, ist die Diagnosestellung in der Frühphase oder im Endstadium häufig schwierig. Bei Erstvorstellung sollte eine ausführliche Anamnese und dermatologische Ganzkörperuntersuchung, inklusive Trichoskopie durchgeführt werden. In klinisch unklaren Fällen sollte eine Biopsie erfolgen. Aufgrund der Seltenheit der PVA gibt es bisher nur eine niedrige Evidenz über die Wirksamkeiten der Vielzahl der verschiedenen angewandten Therapien. Ziele der Therapie einer PVA sind, den Haarausfall zu stoppen oder zumindest zu verzögern, die klinischen Entzündungszeichen zu reduzieren, weitere Vernarbung zu verhindern sowie die subjektiven Symptome zu lindern. Ein Nachwachsen in bereits vernarbten Arealen sollte nicht erwartet werden. Eine antientzündliche Therapie mit topischen Kortikosteroiden der Klasse III–IV und/oder mit intrakutanen intraläsionalen Triamcinolonacetonid‐Injektionen kommt bei den meisten PVA in Betracht. Die Wahl der systemischen Therapie hängt von der Art des prädominierenden entzündlichen Infiltrates ab und umfasst antimikrobielle/antibiotische oder immunmodulatorische/immunsuppressive Ansätze. Psychologische Unterstützung und Camouflage‐Techniken sollten den Patienten angeboten werden.
Multimodality imaging for evaluation of chest pain using strain analysis at rest and peak exercise
Authors: Mansour Mohamad Jihad , AlJaroudi Wael , Hamoui Omar , Chaaban Sarah , Chammas Elie 
Published: April 2018

BackgroundExercise stress echocardiography (SE) is commonly used for diagnosing coronary artery disease (CAD). The use of quantitative echocardiographic measures such as strain imaging is expected to improve the sensitivity of conventional SE which relies on the visual diagnosis of wall‐motion abnormalities (WMAs). This study is set to demonstrate the added value of resting and exercise strain analysis to detect underlying microangiopathy and inducible myocardial ischemia during a resting and SE in comparison with the results of coronary computed tomographic angiogram (CCTA).MethodsA total of 103 consecutive outpatients from the executive screening program were identified and underwent resting and SE. Global longitudinal strain (GLS) and wall‐motion changes at rest and peak exercise were analyzed and compared. Baseline demographics, heart rate, and blood pressure measurements were retrospectively extracted for analysis. CCTA was chosen as an alternative test to match with wall motion and strain imaging.ResultsPatients who had abnormal CCTA had lower resting GLS (14.85% ± 3.05 vs 17.99% ± 2.88, P‐value = .001) when compared to patients with normal CCTA. All patients who had abnormal CCTA had higher wall‐motion score index (1.35 ± 0.2 vs 1.00, P‐value < .0001) and lower and abnormal peak stress GLS (pGLS) as compared to patients with normal CCTA (14.89% ± 3.35 vs 18.44% ± 4.27, P‐value = .007). However, all patients with pGLS ≥ 20% had normal/nonobstructive CCTA. Patients with multiple comorbidities showed reduced and lower values of resting and pGLS (P‐value < .0001), suggesting associated subclinical left ventricular dysfunction.ConclusionsGlobal longitudinal strain offers quantitative interpretation of the resting and SE study, detects underlying subclinical left ventricular dysfunction and a peak stress value more than 20% excludes obstructive CAD on CCTA.