bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Controlled Cationic Polymerization of 1‐Methoxy‐1,3‐Butadiene: Long‐Lived Species‐Mediated Reaction and Control over Microstructure with Weak Lewis Bases
Authors: Togo Yukinori , Kanazawa Arihiro , Kanaoka Shokyoku , Aoshima Sadahito 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACTControlled cationic polymerization of trans‐1‐methoxy‐1,3‐butadiene was achieved through the design of appropriate initiating systems, yielding soluble polymers with controllable molecular weights. The combined use of SnCl4 or GaCl3 as a Lewis acid catalyst and a weak Lewis base in conjunction with HCl as a protonogen resulted in efficient and controlled polymerization. The Mn values of the product polymers increased linearly along the theoretical line, which indicates that intermolecular crosslinking reactions negligibly occurred. In addition, the polymer microstructure was critically dependent on the weak Lewis base employed. In particular, the use of tetrahydrofuran as an additive resulted in the highest 4,1/4,3‐structure ratio (96/4). Weak Lewis bases also affected the polymerization rates but exhibited unique trends that differed from their effects on the cationic polymerization of alkyl vinyl ethers. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2019, 57, 288–296
A randomized phase II trial of MOVING ON: An intervention to increase exercise outcome expectations among breast cancer survivors
Authors: Hirschey Rachel , Kimmick Gretchen , Hockenberry Marilyn , Shaw Ryan , Pan Wei , Page Christina , Lipkus Isaac 
Published: August 2018

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of the study is to test theoretical intervention fidelity and feasibility of MOVING ON, a self‐directed, home‐based, randomized controlled trial to increase exercise outcome expectations (OEs) (what one expects to obtain or avoid as a result of a behavior or lack thereof), among breast cancer survivors.MethodStage Ia to IIb survivors (n = 60) were given the MOVING ON intervention or control booklet. Data were collected through online surveys and an accelerometer at baseline, 4, 8, and 12 weeks postintervention. Fidelity was measured by questions assessing participant perceptions of MOVING ON (score ≥2) and direction of intervention effects. Feasibility was measured by recruitment rate (target of 60 participants in 6 months), retention (total attrition <17%), and acquisition of accelerometer data (% ≥subjective exercise data obtained). Analyses consisted of descriptive statistics, mixed models, and content analysis.ResultsFidelity met a priori criteria (mean = 3.31, SD = 0.87). Outcome expectations increased 0.01 points, and weekly steps increased by 970 every 4 weeks in the intervention arm compared to the control arm. All effect sizes were small, ranging from 0.01 to 0.09. Target enrollment, achieved in 17 weeks, met a priori feasibility criteria. Retention (66%) and accelerometer data acquisition (60%) (compared to 73% of subjective exercise data) did not.ConclusionMOVING ON influenced OEs as intended and was well received by participants. A fully powered study, of this low‐cost, easy‐to‐implement intervention, is warranted. Intervention and measurement strategies used in MOVING ON can be incorporated in any study targeting OEs as a mediator of exercise or collecting exercise data with an accelerometer.
The impact of psychosocial characteristics in predicting smoking cessation in long‐term cancer survivors: A time‐to‐event analysis
Authors: Symes Yael R. , Westmaas J. Lee , Mayer Deborah K. , Boynton Marcella H. , Ribisl Kurt M. , Golden Shelley D. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractObjectiveSmoking poses significant health risks to cancer survivors. Cancer survivorship may heighten psychological distress and reduce social support and health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) for years after diagnosis, which could inhibit long‐term successful smoking cessation. Understanding longitudinal associations between these psychosocial characteristics and successful cessation could help clinicians tailor cessation interventions for their patients.MethodsTime‐to‐event analyses using data from the American Cancer Society Study of Cancer Survivors‐I (SCS‐I)—a longitudinal nationwide study—examined the relationship of psychosocial characteristics with cessation likelihood and amount of time from diagnosis to quitting in cancer survivors diagnosed 7 to 10 years prior.ResultsCancer survivors with high physical HRQOL were more likely to quit smoking within 10 years from cancer diagnosis than survivors with low physical HRQOL, controlling for cancer type and number of comorbid conditions at baseline (HR = 1.96; 95% CI: 1.10‐2.70; P = .02). Survivors with high physical HRQOL also took less time to quit than survivors with low physical HRQOL. Survivors of tobacco‐related cancers with low physical HRQOL were the least likely group to quit. No significant relationships between other psychosocial predictors and cessation outcomes were observed.ConclusionsSmoking cessation programs are needed for all cancer survivors who smoke, but survivors with low physical HRQOL 1 year after diagnosis may need more intensive long‐term smoking cessation interventions with multiple check‐in points after smoking relapses. Cessation interventions that include strategies to mitigate physical symptoms in those with poor physical HRQOL deserve consideration in research and practice.
Discovering the Determining Parameters for the Photocatalytic Activity of TiO2 Colloids Based on an Anomalous Dependence on the Specific Surface Area
Authors: Wintzheimer Susanne , Szczerba Wojciech , GuilhermeBuzanich Ana , Kashiwaya Shun , Klein Andreas , Jaegermann Wolfram , Toupance Thierry , Shmeliov Aleksey , Nicolosi Valeria , Heuzé Karine , Mandel Karl , Dembski Sofia 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe photocatalytic (PC) performance of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles strongly depends on their specific surface, the presence of crystal defects, their crystal phase, and the exposed crystal facets. In order to understand which of these factors contributes most significantly to the PC activity of TiO2 colloids, all of them have to be individually analyzed. This study entails the synthesis of five anatase nanocrystal samples. By maintaining the same reactant ratios as well as hydrothermal sol–gel synthesis route and only varying the autoclaving time or temperature, different crystallite sizes are obtained under comparable experimental conditions. A decrease in PC performance with increase in specific surface area is found. Such an unexpected counterintuitive result establishes the basis for a better understanding of the crucial factors that ultimately determine the PC activity. These are investigated by studying nanocrystals bulk and surface structure and morphology using a selection of complementary analysis methods (X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X‐ray absorption fine structure (XAFS), X‐ray diffraction (XRD)…). It is found that a change in the nanocrystal morphology from an equilibrium state truncated tetragonal bipyramid to a more elongated rod‐like structure accompanied by an increase in oxygen vacancies is responsible for an augmented PC activity of the TiO2 nanocrystals.
Immunohistochemical biomarker validation in highly selective needle biopsy microarrays derived from mpMRI‐characterized prostates
Authors: Olivier Jonathan , Stavrinides Vasilis , Kay Jonathan , Freeman Alex , Pye Hayley , Ahmed Zeba , Carmona Echeverria Lina , Heavey Susan , Simmons Lucy A. M. , Kanthabalan Abi , Arya Manit , Briggs Tim , Barratt Dean , Charman Susan C. , Gelister James , Hawkes David , Hu Yipeng , Jameson Charles , McCartan Neil , Punwani Shonit , van der Muelen Jan , Moore Caroline , Emberton Mark , Ahmed Hashim U. , Whitaker Hayley C. 
Published: August 2018

IntroductionDiagnosing prostate cancer routinely involves tissue biopsy and increasingly image guided biopsy using multiparametric MRI (mpMRI). Excess tissue after diagnosis can be used for research to improve the diagnostic pathway and the vertical assembly of prostate needle biopsy cores into tissue microarrays (TMAs) allows the parallel immunohistochemical (IHC) validation of cancer biomarkers in routine diagnostic specimens. However, tissue within a biopsy core is often heterogeneous and cancer is not uniformly present, resulting in needle biopsy TMAs that suffer from highly variable cancer detection rates that complicate parallel biomarker validation.Materials and MethodsThe prostate cores with the highest tumor burden (in terms of Gleason score and/or maximum cancer core length) were obtained from 249 patients in the PICTURE trial who underwent transperineal template prostate mapping (TPM) biopsy at 5 mm intervals preceded by mpMRI. From each core, 2 mm segments containing tumor or benign tissue (as assessed on H&E pathology) were selected, excised and embedded vertically into a new TMA block. TMA sections were then IHC‐stained for the routinely used prostate cancer biomarkers PSA, PSMA, AMACR, p63, and MSMB and assessed using the h‐score method. H‐scores in patient matched malignant and benign tissue were correlated with the Gleason grade of the original core and the MRI Likert score for the sampled prostate area.ResultsA total of 2240 TMA cores were stained and IHC h‐scores were assigned to 1790. There was a statistically significant difference in h‐scores between patient matched malignant and adjacent benign tissue that is independent of Likert score. There was no association between the h‐scores and Gleason grade or Likert score within each of the benign or malignant groups.ConclusionThe construction of highly selective TMAs from prostate needle biopsy cores is possible. IHC data obtained through this method are highly reliable and can be correlated with imaging. IHC expression patterns for PSA, PSMA, AMACR, p63, and MSMB are distinct in malignant and adjacent benign tissue but did not correlate with mpMRI Likert score.
The effect of conjugation on antitumor activity of vindoline derivatives with octaarginine, a cell‐penetrating peptide
Authors: Bánóczi Zoltán , Keglevich András , Szabó Ildikó , Ranđelović Ivan , Hegedüs Zita , Regenbach Fruzsina L. , Keglevich Péter , Lengyel Zsófia , Gorka‐Kereskényi Álmos , Dubrovay Zsófia , Háda Viktor , Szigetvári Áron , Szántay Csaba , Hazai László , Tóvári József , Hudecz Ferenc 
Published: August 2018

Some Vinca alkaloids (eg, vinblastine, vincristine) have been widely used as antitumor drugs for a long time. Unfortunately, vindoline, a main alkaloid component of Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don, itself, has no antitumor activity. In our novel research program, we have prepared and identified new vindoline derivatives with moderate cytostatic activity.Here, we describe the effect of conjugation of vindoline derivative with oligoarginine (tetra‐, hexa‐, or octapeptides) cell‐penetrating peptides on the cytostatic activity in vitro and in vivo. Br‐Vindoline‐(l)‐Trp‐OH attached to the N‐terminus of octaarginine was the most effective compound in vitro on HL‐60 cell line. Analysis of the in vitro activity of two isomer conjugates (Br‐vindoline‐(l)‐Trp‐Arg8 and Br‐vindoline‐(d)‐Trp‐Arg8 suggests the covalent attachment of the vindoline derivatives to octaarginine increased the antitumor activity significantly against P388 and C26 tumour cells in vitro. The cytostatic effect was dependent on the presence and configuration of Trp in the conjugate as well as on the cell line studied. The configuration of Trp notably influenced the activity on C26 and P388 cells: conjugate with (l)‐Trp was more active than conjugate with the (d)‐isomer. In contrast, conjugates had very similar effect on both the HL‐60 and MDA‐MB‐231 cells. In preliminary experiments, conjugate Br‐vindoline‐(l)‐Trp‐Arg8 exhibited some inhibitory effect on the tumor growth in P388 mouse leukemia tumor‐bearing mice. Our results indicate that the conjugation of modified vindoline could result in an effective compound even with in vivo antitumor activity.
Virtual guidance versus virtual implant planning system in the treatment of distal radius fractures
Authors: Vetter Sven Yves , Magaraggia Jessica , Beisemann Nils , Schnetzke Marc , Keil Holger , Franke Jochen , Grützner Paul Alfred , Swartman Benedict 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBackgroundA virtual guidance framework is used to assist the conventional method of virtual implant planning system (VIPS). The study null hypothesis was that its screw placement accuracy is equal to that of conventional VIPS.MethodsIn 34 distal radius sawbone models, 3D implant planning was performed. A camera attached to the surgical drill was used to support screw positioning. Differences of angles/tip distances between planned and placed screws were identified in intraoperative cone beam Computer tomography (CT) and compared with already existing data from 22 patients treated by conventional VIPS.ResultsThe virtual guidance group showed tip distances of 1.02 ± 0.56 mm, azimuth of 3.69° ± 4.34°, and inclination of 1.75° ± 1.37°, whereas the VIPS group showed tip distances of 2.23 ± 0.99 mm (P < 0.001), azimuth of 23.17° ± 33.50° (P < 0.001), and inclination angle of 4.18° ± 6.29° (P = 0.001).ConclusionsThe results reveal that using a guidance framework leads to a higher accuracy in screw placement compared with the conventional VIPS itself.
Robotic transanal minimally invasive surgery for rectal cancer after clinical complete response to neoadjuvant chemoradiation
Authors: Ngu James Chi‐Yong , Kuo Li‐Jen , Kung Ching‐Huei , Chen Chi‐Long , Kuo Chia‐Chun , Chang Sheng‐Wei , Chen Chia‐Che 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBackgroundFull‐thickness local excision (FTLE) for rectal cancer showing clinical complete remission (cCR) after neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy (NCRT) is associated with good oncological results. The purpose of this study was to report the results of robotic transanal minimally invasive surgery for such patients.MethodsPatients were treated with a 5‐fluorouracil‐based NCRT regimen. The determination of cCR was based on digital rectal examination, colonoscopy, and magnetic resonance imaging.ResultsSix patients underwent transanal FTLE using the da Vinci Xi surgical system. The median operative time was 106.5 minutes, and the estimated blood loss was minimal. The mean length of hospital stay was 4.2 days. After 18.2 months of follow‐up, none of the patients developed local recurrences or distant disease.ConclusionsWith the use of robotic technology, FTLE can be performed with relative ease and can be considered as a viable alternative to radical resection or a “Watch and Wait” strategy.
Optimal input design for uncertain max‐plus linear systems
Authors: Wang Cailu , Tao Yuegang , Yan Huaicheng 
Published: August 2018

SummaryThis paper investigates the optimal input design for uncertain max‐plus linear systems whose parameters are only known to belong to certain intervals. The exact interval input is introduced to minimize the regulating range of the input that ensures that the system can output at any specified value in the desired interval regardless of how the parameters vary in certain ranges. The optimal input design for uncertain max‐plus linear systems is formulated as an optimal control problem that finds the maximum element of the set of exact interval inputs with respect to the order of max‐plus interval vectors. This paper also considers the optimal approximate interval input of an uncertain max‐plus linear system that has no exact interval input. A polynomial algorithm is developed to find the optimal interval input and optimal approximate interval input of an uncertain max‐plus linear system. A data transmission system with parameter perturbations is employed as an example to demonstrate how the proposed results work in practical applications.
Mesoscale river restoration enhances the diversity of floodplain vegetation
Authors: Seer Franziska K. , Brunke Matthias , Schrautzer Joachim 
Published: August 2018

AbstractEffective river restoration aims for the recovery of ecosystem functions by restoring processes and connectivity to the floodplain. At the straightened lowland river Stör in northern Germany, a sequence of 15 new meanders was created in 2008, with wavelengths up to 70 m. The newly created areas within the meander bends range in size from 215 to 1,115 m2 and function as a series of 15 restored floodplain sites, which are subject to succession. After 7 years of restoration measures, we investigated the vegetation dynamics on the (a) restored floodplains and compared them with adjacent floodplain sites that were used as (b) low‐intensity grazed grassland or as (c) abandoned grassland. We analysed the species diversity, functional vegetation parameters, and plant communities of 200 plots within the floodplain area of the three floodplain types and of 246 plots at their river banks.Plant species diversity and composition differed with respect to restoration measure and site management. Restored floodplains revealed a higher coverage in species of wet grasslands and softwood forests and higher species diversity than abandoned grasslands. Grazed grasslands showed the highest species number and coverages of pioneer vegetation. The banks indicated fewer differences in species composition between floodplain types.The construction of restored floodplains revealed greater overall plant diversity due to promoting the development of typical floodplain vegetation. Shallow meanders with increased flooding intensity and the creation of a varying microreliefs are recommended as combined river/floodplain measures in order to foster processes and connectivity between valley components.
Declining phosphorus as a potential driver for the onset of Didymosphenia geminata mats in North American rivers
Authors: Kunza Lisa A. , Gillis Carole‐Anne , Haueter Jaime Z. , Murdock Justin N. , O'Brien Jonathan M. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractDidymosphenia geminata is a stalk‐forming diatom capable of creating thick benthic mats in low‐nutrient streams. There are two hypotheses to explain the rapid worldwide increase in occurrence of nuisance D. geminata mats: (a) Cells are spread among rivers and across broad ecoregions through natural and anthropogenic vectors, or (2) pre‐existing D. geminata populations are forming mats in response to changing environmental conditions within the habitat. Low phosphorus (P) concentrations are a major trigger for stalk production by D. geminata cells. Although the environmental change hypothesis is gaining support among researchers, long‐term data sets demonstrating declining P concentrations prior to reported mat formation have been essentially absent from the literature. Here, we present long‐term datasets for two case studies for which long‐term P and D. geminata data coincide: the Matapedia River in Eastern Canada and the Kootenai River below Libby Dam in Montana, United States. Both rivers had declining P levels over time. However, there was a 2‐ and 20‐year lag time, respectively, between mat development and reaching the previously proposed average 2 μg/L soluble reactive P threshold for development. Although the Matapedia River provides some support of the environmental change hypothesis, the Kootenai River data set suggests other environmental factors may play a role in mat development. The data presented do not rule out the environmental change hypothesis but do suggest there may be conditions in addition to low P that must be met for mats to form and the environmental change hypothesis can likely be refined to include more parameters to better understand and mitigate the influence of mats.
Leveraging multiuser diversity for adaptive hybrid satellite‐LTE downlink scheduler (H‐MUDoS) in emerging 5G‐satellite network
Authors: Zangar Nawel , Hendaoui Saloua 
Published: August 2018

SummaryIn order to achieve ubiquitous coverage and service continuity in future 5G network, satellite‐based access is the best solution to complement the terrestrial LTE‐A. In light of this, we introduce a channel‐aware hybrid scheduling technique on the basis of satellite‐LTE spectrum sharing. According to the user‐experienced channel, base stations (eNodeB) and the satellite will work cooperatively. The eNodeB mainly provides service in urban area for high density population. Meanwhile, the satellite will perform either offloading, providing service for under‐served users, or extra coverage for users in rural and remote areas having no coverage of eNodeB. Leveraging the multiuser diversity, we implement a new metrics computation method for hybrid satellite‐LTE downlink scheduler (H‐MUDoS). Compared with other existing schedulers, simulation results clearly demonstrate the high performance of H‐MUDoS in terms of spectral efficiency in addition to improvement of the quality‐of‐service requirements and capacity maximization.
The impact of urban compactness on urban sustainable development in China: The case of Nanjing
Authors: Tan Feifei , Lu Zhaohua 
Published: August 2018

AbstractHow China's city development takes the course of urban sprawl or urban compactness depends on how urban compactness affects urban sustainable development. Using the vector autoregression (VAR) model, this paper estimates the impact of urban compactness on the urban sustainable development of Nanjing in China during 2005–2015. The results of impulse response analysis show that the responses of social development levels continue to decline after shocks from population compactness and ecological environment coordination, the responses of economic development levels following shocks from public service and ecological environment coordination continue to increase at different speeds, and the responses of ecological environment level keep a slight upward trend following shocks from economic compactness. Moreover, the variance decomposition results demonstrate that most of social development is explained by its own shock, the economic development explained its largest variations, and the contribution from the ecological environment compactness first increases and then decreases.
Green consumption: Closing the intention‐behavior gap
Authors: Nguyen Hung Vu , Nguyen Cuong Hung , Hoang Thoa Thi Bao 
Published: August 2018

AbstractGreen consumption has become an important academic and practical topic. However, a recurring theme in the literature has been the attitude‐behavior gap in green consumption. Taking the cognitive view in studying consumer behaviors, this study theoretically developed and tested two key moderators to the relationship between green consumption intention and behavior, namely green product availability and perceived consumer effectiveness. Under high levels of the moderators, the relationship between the intention and the behavior were hypothesized to be stronger. Our data sample of 416 consumers in two large cities in Vietnam provided support for the hypotheses. Our study results thus contribute to the green consumption literature by explaining the attitude‐behavior gap. Our study also contributes to the broader literature by explaining the inconsistency in consumer behavior. Implications and recommendations for further research are also discussed.