bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pneumologische Bewertung und Begutachtung im Spiegel von Beanspruchungskriterien
Authors: Kroidl R. , Fröhlich M. , Welte T. 
Published: August 2018

ZusammenfassungGutachterliche bzw. bewertende Aussagen zur physischen Leistungsfähigkeit müssen sich zum einen an der (Dauer-) Leistungsfähigkeit des Probanden/des Patienten orientieren, zum andern sind sie in ein Verhältnis zu der erwarteten Last (Arbeit, Sport, operativer Stress) zu setzen. Dieses „Last-Kapazitäts-Konzept“ war bisher zweifellos schon Teil der ärztlichen Gesamtschau, wobei deren Grundlage mehr auf der Erfahrung und persönlichen Einschätzung und weniger auf abrufbaren Daten beruhte. Die Einschätzung der Arbeitsschwere in der sozialmedizinischen Begutachtung („leicht – leicht bis mittel – mittelschwer – schwer“ – siehe Begutachtungsempfehlungen zur sozialmedizinischen Beurteilung der Deutschen Rentenversicherung, REFA-Klassifikation) kann jetzt durch gut verfügbare und valide Daten aus lebens- und tätigkeitsnahen Messungen ergänzt werden. Auch der Anteil der Dauerleistung in Bezug auf die maximale Leistung (VO2peak) und die Leistung im Bereich des aerob-anaeroben Übergangs (VO2@VT1) ist gut etabliert. Diese Informationen sind über eine Spiroergometrie zu erreichen. Im Zentrum der Betrachtung steht der O2-Verbrauch (V’O2), der sich als isolierter Messwert (V’O2 in L/min) präsentiert oder in einem komplexen Parameter wie „MET“ oder „kcal“.Aktuelle Studien profitieren vom technischen Fortschritt bei der Sensorik von Messdaten und deren Präsentation in Grafiken und Tabellen, letztere unter Bezug zu Erwartungswerten/Normwerten. Unbenommen davon findet sich in der Literatur eine große Zahl älterer Daten zu Leistungsanforderungen bei diversen Verrichtungen (siehe Ainsworth et al.). Diese Informationen aus früheren Jahrzehnten sind zur Orientierung geeignet, sie müssten aber nach Möglichkeit mittels der jetzt verfügbaren Techniken (siehe portable Spiroergometrie) validiert werden. Die Spiroergometrie hat sich bereits in den Empfehlungen bei der Begutachtung im Unfallrecht etabliert. Ihre Möglichkeiten sollten aber auch auf den anderen Rechtsebenen (Rentenrecht u. a.) genutzt werden. Positive Erfahrungen dazu werden aus einer eigenen Studie zu „Arbeitsbelastung bei hauswirtschaftlicher Tätigkeit in Kliniken“ berichtet.
Intraoperative Indocyaningrün-Fluoreszenzbildgebung zur Sicherung vitaler Nebenschilddrüsen bei Schilddrüsenresektionen
Authors: Karampinis Ioannis , Di Meo Giovanna , Gerken Andreas , Stasiunaitis Vytautas , Lammert Alexander , Nowak Kai 
Published: August 2018

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Komplette Schilddrüsenresektionen sind mit einer relativ hohen Rate an passagerem oder auch persistierendem Hypoparathyreoidismus vergesellschaftet. Die Sicherung und Lokalisation vitalen Nebenschilddrüsengewebes während der Schilddrüsenresektion durch den Einsatz intraoperativer Indocyaningrün-Fluoreszenz (ICG-Fluoreszenz) wurde jüngst in retrospektiven und prospektiven Studien als intraoperatives Hilfsmittel zur Vermeidung des postoperativen Hypoparathyreoidismus beschrieben.
Patienten/Material und Methoden 27 Patienten wurden prospektiv zwischen 2016 und 2018 in die Studie eingeschlossen. Die intraoperative Fluoreszenzangiografie wurde zur Identifikation und Sicherung vitaler Nebenschilddrüsen im Rahmen von Thyreoidektomieeingriffen eingesetzt. 5 mg ICG wurden intravenös verabreicht und die Fluoreszenz wurde mithilfe des PinPoint Imaging Systems (Novadaq, Kanada) in Echtzeit am Monitor evaluiert. Ein Ethikantrag wurde für diese Studie eingeholt.
Ergebnisse Die ICG-Fluoreszenzangiografie konnte in allen Fällen komplikationslos durchgeführt werden. Hierbei zeigte sich kein Auftreten eines postoperativen passageren Hypoparathyreoidismus, wenn bei mindestens einer Nebenschilddrüse ein starkes ICG-Fluoreszenzsignal detektiert werden konnte. Bei 4/27 Patienten ergab sich eine schwache ICG-Speicherung in 1 bzw. 2 Nebenschilddrüsen nach Resektion. Alle 4 Patienten erhielten eine postoperative Hypoparathyreoidismusprophylaxe mit aktiviertem Vitamin D3. Dennoch entwickelten 2 von 4 Patienten einen passageren Hypoparathyreoidismus mit symptomatischer Hypokalzämie.
Schlussfolgerung Durch den Einsatz der intraoperativen ICG-Fluoreszenzangiografie könnte ein postoperativer Hypoparathyreoidismus vorhersagbar sein und bei eindeutigem Nachweis von gut perfundiertem vitalem Nebenschilddrüsengewebe die Hypoparathyreoidismusprophylaxe und Kalziumkontrollen obsolet werden. Erste eigene klinische Erfahrungen stützen somit die Ergebnisse der ersten prospektiv randomisierten Studie zu diesem Thema.
Sex Differences in the Occurrence of Major Clinical Events in Elderly
People with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Followed up in the General
Practice
Authors: Al-Salameh Abdallah , Bucher Sophie , Bauduceau Bernard , Benattar-Zibi Linda , Berrut Gilles , Bertin Philippe , Corruble Emmanuelle , Danchin Nicolas , Derumeaux Geneviève , Doucet Jean , Falissard Bruno , Forette Françoise , Hanon Olivier , Ourabah Rissane , Pasquier Florence , Pinget Michel , Becquemont Laurent , Ringa Virginie 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Aims The main aim of the present work was to assess if sex influences
the occurrence of major clinical events in elderly people with type 2
diabetes followed up in the primary care.
Methods 983 subjects aged ≥65years with type 2 diabetes were
included by 213 general practitioners and followed up prospectively for
three years. Major clinical events were recorded every six month. The first
endpoint was a composite of all-cause death and major vascular events (acute
coronary syndrome, non-fatal stroke or transient ischemic attack, or
revascularization for peripheral artery disease). The second endpoint was
all-cause hospitalization. The occurrence of each endpoint was analyzed in
order to estimate the role of sex and determine other predictors of major
clinical events.
Results At baseline, women were older than men but they had a lower
prevalence of coexisting diseases (cardiovascular disease and cancer) and
equivalent diabetes control (Glycated hemoglobin A1C:
6.9%±0.9 vs. 7.0%±1.1). Over the follow-up
period, women were at lower risk to develop the composite endpoint (HR 0.60,
95% CI 0.40-0.91, p=0.016) and the hospitalization endpoint
(OR 0.71, 95% CI 0.52-0.96, p=0.029). Coexisting diseases,
functional ability and concomitant medications emerged as significant
predictors of both endpoints.
Conclusions Elderly women with well-controlled type 2 diabetes were
less likely to experience major clinical events than their male
counterparts. More studies are needed to determine the reasons for the
higher hospitalization rate in men.
tert-Butoxide-Assisted Structural Transformation of 2-Aza-1,3,5-trienes: Fast Track to 5-Ethynyl-2-vinyl- and 2,5-Divinyl-1,3-thiazoles
Authors: Nedolya Nina , Trofimov Boris , Tarasova Olga , Albanov Alexander 
Published: August 2018

Treatment of 2-aza-1,3,5-trienes, methyl N-[2-alkoxy-1-(prop-2-ynylsulfanyl)buta-1,3-dienyl]- and methyl N-[1-(allylsulfanyl)-2-alkoxybuta-1,3-dienyl]iminoformates, which are easily obtained from lithiated alkoxyallenes, methoxymethyl isothiocyanate, and propargyl or allyl bromide, with t-BuOK or t-BuONa in DMSO–THF results in the formation of 5-ethynyl-2-vinyl- and 2,5-divinyl-1,3-thiazoles. The reactions are realized under mild conditions at ca. –30 °C for 30 minutes. An unprecedented structural transformation of the (prop-2-ynylsulfanyl)- and (allylsulfanyl)-substituted 2-aza-1,3,5-trienes into 1,3-thiazoles presumably occurs via α-deprotonation of the substituent at the sulfur atom (on the SCH2 group) followed by intramolecular [1,5]-cyclization at the imine group and aromatization (with elimination of MeOH).
Imaging Following Fractures of and Around the Knee
Authors: Krestan Christian , Schurz Mark , Sanal Hatice 
Published: August 2018

AbstractRelated to fractures of and around the knee, inappropriate technical factors related to the surgery, severe comminution of the fracture, early overly arduous rehabilitation of the patient, and patient-related noncompliances may have the potential for the risk of inadequate fixation and other complications. Loss of fixation, malunion/nonunion, infection, arthritis, arthrofibrosis, and symptomatic hardware are among postsurgical complications that may necessitate further reconstructive techniques. In this review, complications that may be encountered in the postsurgical period of fractures involving the patella, supracondylar femur, and tibial plateau are described.
Imaging of the Postoperative Condition of Posterolateral Corner Injuries
Authors: Pearce Dawn , Whelan Daniel , Chahal Jaskarndip , Naraghi Ali 
Published: August 2018

AbstractPosterolateral corner (PLC) injuries of the knee are often sustained in combination with anterior or posterior cruciate ligament injuries. A variety of surgical techniques including acute repair, nonanatomical reconstructions, and anatomical reconstructions have been used to treat grade III PLC injuries. Scant literature is available on postoperative imaging of the PLC. This article reviews the more commonly used surgical techniques and the postoperative imaging assessment of the PLC of the knee.
Does the Technique of Skin Closure Affect the Cosmesis of Cervical Thyroidectomy and Parathyroidectomy Scars? A Review of Literature
Authors: Mahalingam Sridhayan , Alatsatianos Anton , Pitkin Lisa , D'Souza Alwyn 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe cosmetic outcomes following thyroid and parathyroid surgery is a priority for patients as the surgical scar is in a visible area of the body. Although some have advocated the use of minimally invasive and robotic surgery, these are not without risks and it has been suggested that the scars are not necessarily more favorable. The three most common means of skin closure include the use of subcuticular sutures, clips, and tissue adhesive (with or without deeper subcutaneous sutures) and there are no previous reviews of the published evidence. In this study, the authors compare the cosmetic outcomes through a systematic review of literature. Three studies (n = 200) comparing subcuticular sutures and clips suggest superior cosmetic outcomes with sutures (with statistically significant differences in the immediate postoperative period). Three studies (n = 213) comparing sutures and tissue adhesive show superior outcomes with sutures in the early postoperative period with no differences thereafter. Two studies (n = 202) comparing tissue adhesive and clips do not show that one is superior to the other and show no significant differences. Overall the data are limited; however, the evidence suggests that subcuticular sutures may offer superior cosmetic outcomes than clips and tissue adhesive in conventional thyroid and parathyroid surgery.
Cross-Generational Contributors to Preterm Birth in California: Singletons Based on Race/Ethnicity
Authors: Yang Juan , Baer Rebecca , Chung Paul , Jelliffe-Pawlowski Laura , Coker Tumaini , Francois Lissa 
Published: August 2018

Objective Multiple studies have examined cross-generational patterns of preterm birth (PTB), yet results have been inconsistent and generally focused on primarily white populations. We examine the cross-generational PTB risk across racial/ethnic groups.
Study Design Retrospective study of 388,474 grandmother–mother–infant triads with infants drawn from birth registry of singleton live births between 2005 and 2011 in California. Using logistic regression (odds ratios [ORs] and confidence intervals [CIs]), we examined the risk of preterm delivery by gestational age, sociodemographic, socioeconomic, and obstetric clinical characteristics stratified by maternal race/ethnicity.
Results The risk of having a preterm infant <32 weeks was greater for women born at <32 weeks (OR: 2.09, 95% CI: 1.62–2.70) and 32 to 36 weeks (OR: 1.51, 95% CI: 1.35–1.70). This increased risk of preterm delivery was present among women in all race/ethnicity groups (white [AOR: 2.00, 95% CI: 1.52–2.63), black [AOR: 1.79, 95% CI: 1.37–2.34], Hispanic [AOR: 2.39, 95% CI: 2.05–2.79], and Asian [AOR: 2.12, 95% CI: 1.20–3.91]), with hypertension as the only consistent risk factor associated with increased risk of preterm delivery.
Conclusion Our findings suggest a cross-generational risk of PTB that is consistent across race/ethnicity with hypertension as the only consistent risk factor.
Sevoflurane for Short Painful Procedures in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Cabrera Marta , Sanabria Pascual , Sanchez Laura , Lopez-Ortego Paloma , Elorza M. , Gomez Felipe 
Published: August 2018

Objective The aim of this study is to evaluate the use and safety of a sedation protocol with sevoflurane for short painful procedures in newborns.
Study Design This was a prospective and observational study conducted in a tertiary neonatal intensive care unit. Sevoflurane was recommended in patients undergoing an invasive procedure of short length, especially in those with spontaneous breathing or without venous access. Its safety and efficacy was assessed by continuous monitoring of respiratory and hemodynamic variables and clinical data recording.
Results Sevoflurane was used for 39 procedures, the main indications were: intravitreal bevacizumab injection (12), central venous catheterization (11), and biopsy (6). The median administration length was 14 minutes (range: 5–65 minutes). The median minimum dose was 1.5% (range: 1–3%). The median maximum dose was 2.5% (range: 1–6%). An effective control of nociceptive manifestations was achieved in 35 cases (90%). No major adverse effects were noticed. Main adverse effects were hypotension (8), desaturation (4), and apnea (3). All of them were solved by decreasing (14) or discontinuing (1) the administration of sevoflurane.
Conclusion Sevoflurane is relatively easy to use and provides an optimal control of pain-related symptoms. Its prescription should be individualized and more long-term follow-up data are needed.
Rheumatoide Arthritis und Sport
Authors: Schütt H. , Sewerin P. , Ostendorf B. 
Published: August 2018

ZusammenfassungRegelmäßige körperliche Aktivität, Training und Sport gehören essenziell zur Therapie der rheumatoiden Arthritis (RA). Körperliche Fitness steigert hierbei nicht nur das Wohlbefinden, die Lebensqualität und die emotionale Befindlichkeit, sondern beeinflusst positiv und gezielt bei der RA laborserologische Entzündungsparameter, die Krankheitsaktivität (DAS28) und die fortschreitende Gelenk-destruktion. Ein großes Kollektiv an Studiendaten belegt diese Evidenz. Da sich bisher Patienten mit RA zu wenig bewegen – mutmaßlich aus der Unkenntnis heraus, die Gelenkfunktion verschlechtern zu können – bedarf es der grundlegenden Multiplikation und Streuung von positiv aufklärenden Informationen und Empfehlungen zum Thema „RA und Sport“ für Arzt/Rheumatologe und Patient in Klinik und Praxis, der Motivation zur Mehrbewegung, zur Adhärenz und Steigerung des Trainingsverhalten und Kontrolle der erreichbaren Ziele und Funktionsverbesserungen.
Spondyloarthritiden und Lebensstil (Lifestyle)
Authors: Braun J. , Andreica I. 
Published: August 2018

ZusammenfassungDie Spondyloarthritiden (SpA) sind entzündlich rheumatische Erkrankungen, die durch Entzündungen im Bereich der Wirbelsäule gekennzeichnet sind. Das im Vordergrund stehende typische Symptom bei der axialen SpA (axSpA) ist der entzündliche Rückenschmerz. Dieser kann neben der Morgensteifigkeit von Müdigkeit und Abgeschlagenheit (Fatigue) begleitet sein. Die axSpA führt durch Entzündung und Knochenneubildung zu funktionellen Einschränkungen nicht nur der Beweglichkeit, sondern auch der Lebensqualität insgesamt. Positive Effekte von regelmäßigen Übungen und körperlicher Aktivität konnten in Studien belegt werden. Dabei müssen die ideale Art und das ideale Ausmaß der körperlichen Aktivität in der Regel individuell festgelegt werden. Das Interesse von Patienten für einen gesunden Lifestyle wie Raucherentwöhnung oder das Management der Gewichtskontrolle hat in den vergangenen Jahren zugenommen. Die schädliche Wirkung des Rauchens bei Patienten mit axSpA ist zweifelsfrei nachgewiesen worden. Der Zusammenhang zwischen Darmentzündungen und SpA ist von zunehmendem wissenschaftlichen Interesse; besondere Aufmerksamkeit wird in der letzten Zeit dem intestinalen Mikrobiom gewidmet.
Geometric construction of quasiconformal mappings in the Heisenberg group
Authors: Timsit Robin 
Published: August 2018

In this paper, we are interested in the construction of quasiconformal mappings between domains of the Heisenberg group

H

\mathbf {H}

that minimize a mean distortion functional. We propose to construct such mappings by considering a corresponding problem between domains of Poincaré half-plane

H

\mathbb H

and then, lifting every of its solutions to

H

\mathbf H

. The first map we construct is a quasiconformal map between two cylinders. We explain the method used to find it and prove its uniqueness up to rotations. Then, we give geometric conditions which ensure that a minimizer (in

H

\mathbf {H}

) comes as a lift of a minimizer between domains of

H

\mathbb H

. Finally, as a non-trivial example of the generalization, we manage to reconstruct the map from [Ann. Acad. Sci. Fenn. Math. 38 (2013), pp. 149–180] between two spherical annuli and prove its uniqueness as a minimizer.
Biological Morphogenetic Surgery: A Minimally Invasive Procedure to Address Different Biological Mechanisms
Authors: Rigotti Gino , Chirumbolo Salvatore 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
We present a methodology called biological morphogenetic surgery (BMS) that can recover (enlarge or reduce) the shape/volume of anatomic structures/tissues affected by congenital or acquired malformations based on a minimally invasive procedure. This emerges as a new concept in which the main task of surgery is the biological modulation of different remodeling and repair mechanisms. When applied, for example, to a tuberous breast deformity, the “enlarging BMS” expands the retracted tissue surrounding the gland through a cutting tip of a needle being inserted through small incisions percutaneously, accounting for the biological activity of the grafted fat. The obtained spaces might be spontaneously occupied and later filled with autologous grafted fat, which promotes tissue expansion by eliciting adipogenesis and preventing fibrosis. The “reducing BMS” creates an interruption of the contact between the derma and the hypoderma of the abnormally large areola and then promotes adipocytes to induce a fibrotic reaction, leading to areola reduction. Current evidence suggests that BMS might induce a bivalent mesenchymalization of the adipocyte, which promotes either new adipogenesis and angiogenesis of local fat (expanding BMS) or the granulation tissue/fibrotic response (reducing BMS), thus leading to the physiological recovery of the affected structures/tissues to normality.
Level of Evidence: 4
Religion, Life Expectancy, and Disability-Free Life Expectancy Among Older Women and Men in the United States
Authors: Ofstedal Mary Beth , Chiu Chi-Tsun , Jagger Carol , Saito Yasuhiko , Zimmer Zachary 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

Objectives
Existing literature shows religion is associated with health and survival separately. We extend this literature by considering health and survival together using a multistate life table approach to estimate total, disability-free, and disabled life expectancy (LE), separately for women and men, for 2 disability measures, and by 2 indicators of religion.

Method
Data come from the Health and Retirement Study (1998–2014 waves). Predictors include importance of religion and attendance at religious services. The disability measures are defined by ADLs and IADLs. Models control for sociodemographic and health covariates.

Results
Attendance at religious services shows a strong and consistent association with life and health expectancy. Men and women who attend services at least once a week (compared with those who attend less frequently or never) have between 1.1 and 5.1 years longer total LE and between 1.0 and 4.3 years longer ADL disability-free LE. Findings for IADL disability are similar. Importance of religion is related to total and disabled LE (both ADL and IADL), but the differentials are smaller and less consistent. Controlling for sociodemographic and health factors does not explain these associations.

Discussion
By estimating total, disability-free, and disabled LE, we are able to quantify the advantage of religion for health. Results are consistent with previous studies that have focused on health and mortality separately.
Length-based risk analysis for assessing sustainability of data-limited tropical reef fisheries
Authors: Ault Jerald S , Smith Steven G , Bohnsack James A , Luo Jiangang , Stevens Molly H , DiNardo Gerard T , Johnson Matthew W , Bryan David R 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThis study extended a “data-limited” length-based stock assessment approach to a risk analysis context. The estimation-simulation method used length frequencies as the principal data in lieu of catch and effort. Key developments were to: (i) incorporate probabilistic mortality and growth dynamics into a numerical cohort model; (ii) employ a precautionary approach for setting sustainability reference points for fishing mortality (FREF) and stock reproductive biomass (BREF); (iii) define sustainability risks in terms of probability distributions; and, (iv) evaluate exploitation status in terms of expected length frequencies, the main “observable” population metric. This refined length-based approach was applied to six principal exploited reef fish species in the Florida Keys region, consisting of three groupers (black grouper, red grouper, and coney), two snappers (mutton snapper and yellowtail snapper), and one wrasse (hogfish). The estimated sustainability risks for coney were low (&lt;35%) in terms of benchmarks for fishing mortality rate and stock reproductive biomass. The other five species had estimated sustainability risks of greater than 95% for both benchmarks. The data-limited risk analysis methodology allowed for a fairly comprehensive probabilistic evaluation of sustainability status from species and community perspectives, and also a frame of reference for exploring management options balancing sustainability risks and fishery production.
Comparison of the performance of age-structured models with few survey indices
Authors: Okamura Hiroshi , Yamashita Yuuho , Ichinokawa Momoko , Nishijima Shota 
Published: August 2018

AbstractAge-structured models have played an important role in fisheries stock assessment. Although virtual population analysis (VPA) was once the most widely used stock assessment model for when catch-at-age information is available, (hierarchical) statistical catch-at-age analysis (SCAA) is about to take that position. However, the estimation performance of different age-structured models has not been evaluated sufficiently, especially in cases where there are few available abundance indices. We examined the performance of VPA and SCAA using simulation data in which only the abundance indices of spawning stock biomass and recruitment were available. The simulation demonstrated that VPA with the ridge penalty selected by minimizing retrospective bias provided near-unbiased abundance estimates without catch-at-age error and moderately biased estimates with catch-at-age error, whereas SCAA with random-walk selectivity suffered from problems in estimating parameters and population states. Without sufficient information on abundance trends, naïvely using SCAA with many random effects should be done cautiously, and comparing results from various age-structured models via simulation tests will be informative in selecting an appropriate stock assessment model.