bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heat transfer using Robin conditions in chemically reactive dual diffusive Casson nanofluid flow: An intelligent computing paradigm
Authors: Butt Zeeshan Ikram , Ahmad Iftikhar , Raja Muhammad Asif Zahoor , Shoaib Muhammad 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

In this research-oriented study, dual diffusive Casson nanofluid stretching flow embedded in a Darcy-Forchheimer type porous medium is scrutinized using a quite new computerized neuro-heuristic optimization technique based on Ricker wavelet neural networks fabricated through global and local solvers namely genetic algorithms and sequential quadratic programming respectively. The flow of the suggested fluid model is characterized by thermal radiation, chemical reaction and Robin conditions for the analysis of heat and mass transfer effects. The similarity approach simplifies the governing partial differential equations of currently discussed flow model into a dimensionless nonlinear system of ordinary differential equations which are solved using the crafted solver and the obtained numerical outcomes are successfully compared with the reference solution compiled through Adam’s numerical technique. A detailed form convergence analysis of the novel design created solver is accomplished using various statistical performance operators.
Dietary Patterns Affecting Oral and Oropharyngeal Cancer: a Mendelian Randomization Analysis
Authors: He Yun , Wang Siyuan , Zhang Jiali 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Introduction and Aims:
Oral cancer (OC) and oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) are significant global health concerns. Numerous studies have investigated the influence of dietary patterns on these cancers, but the results have been controversial. Therefore, we aim to explore the causal relationship between dietary patterns and OC/OPC.
Methods
Mendalian randomization (MR) analysis was conducted using 85 principal component-derived dietary patterns (exposures) and genetic association data from the Integrative Epidemiology Unit Open Genome-Wide Association Study Database. MR associations were assessed using the inverse-variance weighted method, and horizontal pleiotropy was determined by the MR-Egger intercept method. Heterogeneity, result robustness, and false discovery rate were determined using the Cochran’s Q test, sensitivity analysis, and the Benjamini-Hochberg method, respectively.
Results
A total of 8 and 209 single nucleotide polymorphisms were identified for each dietary pattern. There was a positive association of the consumption of milk and refined breads with increased OC/OPC risk, while the consumption of whole grains, tub margarine spreads, oat cereals, and oily fish were linked to a reduced risk. Additionally, consumption of full cream milk resulted in higher risks of OC and OPC than other types of milk. Alcohol consumption was also associated with an increased risk, but having meals with alcohol mitigated that risk. Sensitivity analysis confirmed that the results were robust without horizontal pleiotropy or heterogeneity.
Conclusion
This study confirms the causal relationships between specific dietary patterns and the risks of oral and oropharyngeal cancers. Adjusting dietary habits, such as reducing full cream milk and alcohol intake while increasing whole grains and oily fish consumption, may help lower cancer risks.
Clinical Relevance:
The findings provide actionable insights for dietary guidelines aimed at cancer prevention. Incorporating these dietary recommendations into public health strategies could reduce the incidence of oral and oropharyngeal cancers.
Identification of NRPS and type II PKS biosynthetic gene cluster (s) encoding decaplanin and kigamicin from Amycolatopsis regifaucium DSM 45072T
Authors: Bisht Niyati , Mayilraj Shanmugam , Kumar Shailesh , Kaur Navjot 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Amycolatopsis regifaucium is a Gram-positive actinomycete that produces polyphenol antibiotics such as kigamicins. As a member of the order Actinomycetales which represents a prolific source of biologically active compounds, the genome of this organism was sequenced to explore its biosynthetic potential. Here, we report a draft genome of Amycolatopsis regifaucium DSM 45072T, comprising 8.28 Mb in genome size with 62 contigs, 312 subsystems, 7,966 coding genes, and 52 RNAs with the G+C content of 68.5 mol%. Genome mining studies revealed the presence of an unidentified glycopeptide antibiotic and a type II polyketide synthases (PKS) gene cluster in its genome. Further in-silico analysis, combined with wet lab experiments such as HPLC and LCMS, confirmed the production of decaplanin, previously reported from Amycolatopsis decaplanina DSM 44594T, where its gene cluster was also identified. For the first time, a putative type II PKS gene cluster has been predicted within the glycopeptide antibiotic-producing clade (cluster A) of the genus Amycolatopsis, which is known for producing aromatic polyketide antibiotics, such as kigamicins.
Automated identification of the origin of energy loss in non-oriented electrical steel by feature-extended Ginzburg–Landau free-energy framework
Authors: Taniwaki Michiki , Nagaoka Ryunosuke , Masuzawa Ken , Sato Shunsuke , Foggiatto Alexandre Lira , Mitsumata Chiharu , Yamazaki Takahiro , Obayashi Ippei , Hiraoka Yasuaki , Igarashi Yasuhiko , Mizutori Yuta , Sepehri-Amin Hossein , Ohkubo Tadakatsu , Mogi Hisashi , Kotsugi Masato 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

This study presents the automated identification of the complex magnetization reversal process in non-oriented electrical steel (NOES) using the feature-extended-Ginzburg–Landau (eX-GL) free-energy framework. eX-GL provides a robust connection between microscopic magnetic domains and macroscopic magnetic hysteresis using a data science perspective. This method employs physically meaningful features to analyze the energy landscape, providing insights into the mechanisms behind function. We obtained features representing both the microstructure and energy of the domain wall. The causes of iron loss were traced to the original domain structure, through which we could successfully distinguish and visualize the role of pinning as a promoting and resisting factor. We found that the reversal process was governed not only by general grain boundary pinning but also by segmented magnetic domains within the grain. This method revealed the complex interplay between magnetism and metallography and introduced a new means for transformative material design, bridging structures and functions.
On Feature-based Metric Visual Servoing
Authors: Silveira Geraldo 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

This paper investigates various feature-based metric visual servoing techniques in the teach-by-showing scheme. Metric techniques include all classical 3D and 2D control approaches because they estimate or require some me\-tric (3D) information, such as the camera pose or the scene depth. Unlike standard solutions, this work defines the 3D estimation problem as a 2D-to-2D feature nonlinear registration task, and also exploits the observability issues associated to monocular systems. Such framework allows the development of a family of new feature-based 3D visual servoing strategies with varying degrees of computational complexity and prior knowledge. Three new techniques are then proposed and, as a key contribution, strong connections are found between them and the classical 2D visual servoing methods. These connections lead to a unifying formulation that may open up new research directions, such as on the role of the latter methods and on smooth switching controllers.
Women’s fertility intentions and households’ vulnerability to climate change: responses to cyclones and floods in Bangladesh
Authors: Ahmed Khandaker , Tan Yan , Rudd Dianne 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

This study examines how extreme climatic events and household vulnerability affect such intentions in two Bangladeshi villages: one prone to cyclones and one prone to flooding. Primary data, collected via surveys of 544 married women with at least one child aged 18–49 in 2019–2020, were analysed using a two-stage binary probit regression model. The findings show that household vulnerability to climatic extremes directly and indirectly affects women’s childbearing intentions. Household well-being (livelihood sources, housing, food security, and health status) significantly influenced vulnerability. Women in increasingly vulnerable situations and those wanting two or more children were likely to delay their successive births. In households that had previously experienced flooding, women were more inclined to desire additional children sooner if their well-being was adversely affected. Conversely, those residing in cyclone-prone areas were more likely to postpone their birth plans.
Unaccounted impacts of diterpene emissions on atmospheric aerosol loadings
Authors: Yañez-Serrano Ana , Penuelas Josep , Jorba Oriol , Graeffe Frans , Meder Melissa , Garmash Olga , Zhang Yanjun , Li Haiyan , Luo Yuanyuan , Praplan Arnaud , Hellen Heidi , Schobesberger Siegfried , Vettikkat Lejish , Thomas Steven , Kurtén Theo , Taipale Ditte , Bourtsoukidis Efstratios , Guenther Alex , Ehn Mikael 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Diterpenes (C20H32) are commonly found in trees, but their emissions into the atmosphere were previously considered unlikely due to their low volatility. Consequently, they have been disregarded in atmospheric chemistry processes. Recent improvements in sampling and analytical instrumentation have enabled the detection and quantification of diterpenes in the gas phase. However, the atmospheric implications of these emissions, including their potential to form secondary organic aerosol (SOA), are not well understood. This study provides the first quantification of kaurene emissions and their potential contribution to secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation. Here, we incorporate all available emission measurements of kaurene (the most measured diterpene species) and findings from laboratory investigations of SOA formation into a global chemistry transport model to quantify the importance of diterpenes on SOA loads in the atmosphere. Chamber experiments revealed an SOA yield of 4% to 7%, demonstrating the rapid gas-to-particle phase transition, while global kaurene emissions, estimated at 5.1 Tg yr⁻¹, contribute to an SOA burden of 0.005 Tg. Our findings suggest that diterpenes contribute to SOA formation, establishing new links to the biosphere-atmosphere interactions that are increasingly important due to climate warming.
Enhancing consensus on introducing national healthcare workforce metrics in Luxembourg: a hybrid multi-stakeholder consultation protocol
Authors: Goetzinger Catherine , d'Hérouël Aymeric , Berthet Françoise , Dima Alexandra 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
The effectiveness of healthcare delivery depends on the availability of adequately skilled healthcare workforce (HWF) to respond to the current and future needs of healthcare users. Obtaining accurate and timely HWF data is essential for health policy. This article reports on the conceptualization of definitions and a methodology to estimate the active HWF in Luxembourg and presents the protocol for a real-time online Delphi (RT-Delphi) study to consult stakeholders on the methodology proposed.
Methods
Definitions and methods for assessing an active HWF were established through a scoping review and discussions within the project’s steering committee. RT-Delphi study and online multistakeholder meeting are conducted to explore the level of agreement among stakeholders on the proposed definitions and methods determining the active HWF in Luxembourg and collect stakeholder feedback to improve the method. Stakeholders evaluate the proposed definition and methods. They can reconsider their evaluations, multiple times, based on aggregated feedback in real-time and during a final multistakeholder meeting planned for clarification and further debate on open topics, if applicable. We will quantify agreement on the whole sample and per stakeholder group and perform analyses of process to examine variation in responses. Open-text comments and workshop discussions will be analyzed qualitatively via content analysis, and results used to improve the methodology and its implementation in practice.
Results
The scoping review retained seven studies on defining and measuring active healthcare workforce (HWF), revealing a lack of standardized methods and definitions. Workshops recommended adopting the JQNMHC’s definition for Luxembourg due to its alignment with national data reporting needs. Three activity level measurement methods for self-employed HWF were retained. Additionally, a new definition for primary care in Luxembourg was proposed based on recent WHO guidelines, outlining essential functions such as accessibility, comprehensiveness, and coordination.
Conclusion
Involving stakeholders allows for a transparent and structured way to inform conceptualization of indicators to assess HWF activity and better prepare for their adoption and implementation on a national level.
Cardiovascular Disease Prediction Using Machine Learning: An XGBoost Approach with
Hyperparameter Tuning
Authors: Santos Dheiver Francisco 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial to reducing the risk associated with these diseases. In this study, we propose a machine learning-based system for predicting cardiovascular disease using the Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) technique. We employ feature selection and hyperparameter optimization using random search to enhance the model’s accuracy. The model’s performance is evaluated through cross-validation and compared with other algorithms, including K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Na¨ıve Bayes, Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Random Forest. Experimental results show that our XGBoost-based model outperforms the other algorithms with an accuracy of 98% and an area under the ROC curve of 0.98.
Predicting Surgical Complications Using Deep Learning Techniques
Authors: Santos Dheiver Francisco 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

ccurate prediction of surgical complications is crucial for optimizing treatment plans and improving patient outcomes. This paper investigates the application of deep learning models, particularly Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) and Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN), for predicting the likelihood of complications based on patient and surgical data. Using a novel dataset with 1,500 instances and 20 features, we explore the performance of these models compared to traditional machine learning algorithms. Our results show that deep learning models provide superior accuracy, achieving 96
Parametric Study of a Ternary Batch Distillation Column
Authors: bendjaouahdou Chaouki 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The objective of this research is to study the influence of various parameters on the efficiency of a batch distillation column. The column is loaded with a ternary liquid mixture. The study is carried out by simulation. The parametric study of the ternary batch distillation is carried out in order to highlight the influence functioning parameters on the quality of separation of the three components at the exit of the column. The studied parameters are: withdrawn distillate molar flow rate (D), Number of trays (NT) and the steam molar flow rate through the trays (V). The results obtained by numerical simulation show the possibility of separation of the three components and an optimal case was evidenced in which the parameters values were well determined.
Epidemiology of Helicobacter Pylori Infection Among School Going Children (6-15years) in Jalalabad Afghanistan
Authors: Shinwari Abdullah Jan , Azamee Ahmad Gul 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background: Helicobacter pylori infection continues to pose a major global health concern, particularly in low-income countries. It has been linked to growth delays in children, persistent iron deficiency anemia, and chronic antral gastritis, which can lead to duodenal ulcers, gastric ulcers, and possibly gastric adenocarcinoma. This study aims to assess the prevalence of H. pylori infection and investigate the potential risk factors among asymptomatic school-aged children.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 460 asymptomatic children aged 6 to 15 years in Jalalabad. Stool samples were collected and tested for H. pylori antigens using the RapiCard test. Socio-demographic, economic, and hygiene-related factors were analyzed using logistic regression to identify potential risk factors.
Results:Among 460 participants, 49.3% tested positive for H. pylori infection, with no gender difference. Older children (13–15 years) had almost double the odds of infection compared to younger children (5–9 years) (AOR = 1.92, p = 0.004). Children from larger families (6–12 or more than 12 members) demonstrated significantly higher odds of infection (AOR = 3.20, p = 0.002; AOR = 4.11, p = 0.001). Parental university education (AOR = 0.28, p = 0.02) and higher family income (AOR = 0.20, p = 0.03) were protective. Occasional consumption of raw vegetables reduced infection risk (AOR = 0.45, p = 0.037), while poor handwashing habits increased it (AOR = 2.03, p = 0.001).
Conclusion: The prevalence of H. pylori infection among school-going children is high, suggesting the need for targeted public health interventions. Parental education appears to be a critical determinant of infection, emphasizing the importance of educational programs to reduce H. pylori transmission.
The Impact of Trade Openness on Economic Growth and Development (1980 – 2021): The Nigerian Experience
Authors: SALISU Temitope Quadri 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The study examines the impact of trade openness on economic growth and development in Nigeria from 1980 to 2021. The variables used in the study include the proxy of capital and labour, trade openness, exchange rate, and import and foreign reserves. A different diagnostic test was carried out which included correlation, unit root test and Autoregressive Distributed Lag. Descriptive statistics was used to examine if the explanatory variables and the dependent variable exhibit time-varying volatility and leptokurtosis characteristics. The Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) unit root test was also carried out to check the long-run and short-run relationship of the variables while Аutоrеgrеssіvе dіstrіbutеd lаg (АRDL) bоunds tеstіng рrосеdurе and standardised beta was used to achieve the two specific objectives that were set. The АRDL bоunds tеstіng рrосеdurе revealed that the proxy of capital and labour is the only variables that determine economic growth and development in Nigeria, but trade openness has a positive insignificant effect on economic growth and development in Nigeria. Also, in the short run, the variables that significantly determine economic growth and development are the proxy of capital and labour, exchange rate and import.
Dynamic Layered Entropic Patterning for Ransomware Detection Using Nonlinear Entropy Clustering Analysis
Authors: Vadom Vincent , Thalberg Lucian , Walker Edward , Havelka Nikolai 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The rapid evolution of ransomware threats and their increasingly sophisticated evasion tactics present significant challenges for conventional detection mechanisms. Addressing this gap, a novel approach termed Dynamic Layered Entropic Patterning (DLEP) introduces an innovative framework designed to detect ransomware activities through entropy-based clustering of network anomalies. DLEP applies a multi-layered analysis structure that isolates entropy fluctuations specific to ransomware behaviors, distinguishing them from benign system processes and achieving higher detection accuracy across a diverse range of ransomware types. Unlike traditional detection models reliant on static signatures or predefined behavioral markers, DLEP dynamically categorizes entropy variations, adapting to new and previously unknown ransomware without requiring constant updates or recalibration. Experimental results reveal that DLEP not only maintains robust detection accuracy but also minimizes false positive and false negative rates, ensuring reliable performance even when facing advanced encryption techniques employed by modern ransomware variants. Furthermore, DLEP’s modular and computationally efficient design supports scalable deployment, allowing it to operate effectively in high-traffic environments without excessive resource consumption. These findings demonstrate the potential of entropy-focused methodologies to enhance ransomware detection frameworks, highlighting DLEP as a flexible, resource-efficient, and resilient solution to contemporary cybersecurity challenges.
Unilateral cochlear implantation in elderly patients: assessment of the auditory and non-auditory functions of patients
Authors: Luppov D. S. , Sugarova S. B. , Kuzovkov V. E. , Lilenko S. V. , Kantemirova R. K. , Lilenko A. S. , Korneva J. S. , Kharitonova P. R. 
Published: November 2024

Introduction. One of the few ways to rehabilitate profound hearing loss in elderly patients is cochlear implantation. A number of studies have been published assessing the effect of unilateral cochlear implantation on cognitive function in elderly patients, but the results have been mixed.Aim. Evaluation of the impact of unilateral cochlear implantation on auditory and non-auditory functions in elderly patients.Materials and methods. The study included 50 elderly and senile patients (mean age 67.16 ± 3.5 years). RBANS-H, HI-MoCA tests were used to assess cognitive function. Quality of life, depression and anxiety levels were assessed by HADS, SF-36. Auditory function was assessed by pure tone audiometry, speech audiometry, SSQ, HISQUI19.Results. The study showed improvement in cognitive function in patients with and without residual hearing. There was also an improvement in quality of life, a decrease in depression and anxiety in both study groups. When assessing the auditory function, statistically significant differences between the study groups remained during the study for the sound quality indicator (SSQ test), while other parameters did not have a statistically significant difference at the end of the study. In addition, the study did not reveal a statistically significant effect of vestibular dysfunction on cognitive function in patients.Conclusions. Unilateral CI as a method of rehabilitation of profound impairments of auditory function in elderly and senile patients has demonstrated its high effectiveness.
Reprezentacje duchowości w Internecie. Wybrane aspekty mediatyzacji duchowości
Authors: Szulich-Kałuża Justyna 
Published: November 2024

Cel: Zasadniczym problemem badawczym podjętym w artykule jest deskrypcja internetowych reprezentacji różnorodnych form duchowości i wskazanie ich cech dystynktywnych. Reprezentacje potraktowane są jako jeden z symptomów procesu mediatyzacji duchowości i są wzorowane na społecznych tekstowych reprezentacjach Sergie Mascoviciego. Metoda: W analizach własnych wykorzystano ilościową i jakościową analizę zawartości witryn internetowych w celu pokazania tekstowych realizacji reprezentacji duchowości. Materiałem badawczym do analizy zawartości jest korpus tekstów obejmujący 100 naturalnych wyników wyszukiwania za pomocą internetowej wyszukiwarki Google i słowa kluczowego duchowość. Wyniki: W artykule dokonano deskrypcji medialnych reprezentacji duchowości z wyszczególnieniem duchowości w literaturze popularnonaukowej; duchowości wspólnot zakonnych, instytucji, stowarzyszeń; relacji między duchowością a mediami oraz między duchowością a nauką. Zaprezentowano także medialne modele: duchowości religijnej (teistycznej), duchowości chrześcijańskiej, duchowości pozareligijnej (bez religii), duchowości inkluzywnej oraz różnorodnych konfiguracji nowych duchowości. Wartość poznawcza: Zaprezentowane ustalenia wpisują się w systematyzację badań nad procesami mediatyzacji duchowości w Internecie w kontekście teorii społecznych reprezentacji oraz mechanizmu extension mediatyzacji.