bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Myth of the Thinking Brain
Authors: Le Du Michel 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The idea that the brain has mental properties is widely accepted among psychologists and cognitive scientists. Nevertheless, mental properties are usually attributed to persons. This paper aims at elucidating the reasons why, in various contexts, attributing psychological properties to the brain seems the natural thing to do. It also insists that the very idea of locating thoughts is pointless: expressions such as thinking in the head, calculating in the head should not be understood as mentioning locations. Furthermore, the paper tries to show that many proposed solutions to the mind/brain problem are misguided by the belief that the brain thinks and suggests a different answer to this problem, inspired by several remarks by Wittgenstein and by Kenny’s distinction between mental abilities and their vehicle. In many respects, this answer is more a dissolution than a solution to the problem.
Wittgenstein and Scientific Representation
Authors: Lugg Andrew 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Science figured in no small way in Wittgenstein’s philosophy, not least in his remarks about representation. Early and late he regarded theories like Newtonian mechanics as means of representing the world rather than as representations. While the notion of a form of representation looms largest in his early writings, it also informs his later remarks. His appropriation of the mathematical physicist’s conception of representation is as fundamental to Remarks on Colour (1950) as to the Tractatus (1918/1922).
Making Ourselves Understood
Authors: Sandis Constantine 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Wittgenstein teaches us that, contrary to current philosophical and scientific trends, the understanding of others is not to be achieved through some kind of emotional tool providing an access-pass to otherwise hidden ‘mental contents’. This insight goes against the popular grain of empathy as a form of informational ‘mindreading’, founded upon John Locke’s assumption that understanding another is a matter of obtaining and decoding the stored in their mind. We would do best to replace this radically distorted account of what it takes to understand others with a stance that places priority on shared aspects of our lives. Only then can we even begin to try and tackle our moral, cultural, religious, and socio-political differences.
Framing the Body and the Body of Frame: Item songs in popular Hindi cinema
Authors: Kaur Ravneet 
Published: January 2019

University of DelhiThe basic framework of this paper is to deliberate upon the emergence of item songs as a reinstatement of the dominance of the ‘song and dance sequences’ in popular Hindi cinema, and its inferences as a sub-text in contemporary cultural forms. While doing so, the paper argues that the transition in consumption and the circulation/distribution of Hindi film songs, and other visual/ audio media has affectively facilitated the course. In the given context, the paper further attempts to address shifts in the filmic techniques that have consistently regulated the production of such songs, revealing a spectrum of negotiations between and among the ‘body’, ‘performance’, and ‘frame’, with which the spectator becomes familiarized over a series of visual/ audio leaps that have taken place in the traditional media forms like that of television and in newer forms like the internet.
‘I Wasn’t Born with Enough Middle Fingers’: How low-budget horror films defy sexual m orality and heteronormativity in Bollywood
Authors: Sen Aditi 
Published: January 2019

Queen’s UniversityIn the early 1980s the Ramsay Brothers gave Bollywood a new genre of monster flicks with blockbusters like Purana Mandir, Hotel, and Veerana. Following the work of the Ramsay Brothers, low-budget horror films that were made exclusively for the small towns and rural market increased in the decades of 1980s and 1990s. These films are primarily known for their unintentional humor owing to poor production and acting, but they have never been acknowledged for their actual content. This article argues that Bollywood low-budget films fulfilled the basic function of horror movies—that is, they subverted mainstream moral order and sexual morality. These films opened up space for dialogues that the mainstream cinema had totally neglected; particularly, in the areas of incest, female lust, ‘othering’ of male sexuality, and transgendered identities. On a different register, the relationship between low-budget horror films and mainstream Bollywood can be compared to folklore and canonical literature, where folklore repeatedly resists the conformities endorsed by the mainstream prescriptive texts.
The Politics Around ‘B-Grade’ Cinema in Bengal: Re-viewing popular Bengali film culture in the 1980s‒1990s
Authors: Nag Anugyan , Bhattacharya Spandan 
Published: January 2019

Jawaharlal Nehru UniversityThe 1980–90s was a turbulent period for the Bengali cinema, the events being triggered by a series of industrial problems, the anxiety of a new film public and the pressing necessity for newer forms of articulation. During this time, Bengali popular cinema responded with newer genres of narratives (elaborated later) that emerged from dissimilar aesthetic positions and different social perspectives. But it is unfortunate that instead of engaging with this diverse range of film making practices, the journalistic and academic discourses on the 1980–90s Bengali cinema present only the ‘crisis-ridden’ scenarios of the Bengali film industry―suffering from multiple problems. Interestingly, this marginalized and unacknowledged cinema of the 1980–90s almost became synonymous to the concept of the ‘B-grade’ cinema, although it is not similar in formation, circulation and reception like the other established B-circuit or B-grade cinemas across the world. This paper aims to criticize this simpler ‘crisis narrative’ scenario by looking at the categories of class and audience and questioning the relevance of issues related to the popularity of these films. In brief, our article aims to problematize the notion of what is ‘B-grade’ cinema in the context of the Bengali cinema of the 1980–90s and by referring to this film culture, it tries to open up some other possibilities to which this notion can refer.
Reklamos reikšmė rinkos informavimo sistemoje
Authors: Vaišvilienė Alina 
Published: January 2019

[full article and abstract in Lithuanian; abstract in English]
The article analyzes the concept of advertising. The author defines specific elements of advertising and relations between advertising and other communication means. The aim of the article is to define the niche of advertising in a market communication system.After the studying available scientific sources the author concludes that concept of advertising is not constant in market communication system. Inconstancy of the concept is determined by versatility of the object of research and its transdisciplinary nature. The broad area of activity, instable meaning in market communication system and different points of view to the range of advertising makes a tough issue to analyze the advertising process itself.Despite the fact that advertising production is widely seen in a context of commercial reality, the communication of advertising in a modern society is influenced not just by growing competition but also by sociocultural reasons and diverse contacts of individuals. The conclusion is reached that boundaries of advertising in market communication dissolves and parts of traditional functions of advertising are transitioned to other means of market communication.
LIETUVIŲ KNYGOTYROS TERMINIJOS DISKUSINIAI KLAUSIMAI: DĖL SĄVOKOS RETA KNYGA
Authors: BRAZIŪNIENĖ ALMA 
Published: January 2019

Based on the works by various Lithuanian and foreign authors, the article deals with the concept of “rare book” and its functioning in book science, practical librarianship and bibliophily. The relation of this concept with book science concepts such as “valuable book”, “book monument” and “old book“ is discussed. The conclusion is that there is a difference between rarity and scarcity (rare book and scarce book) in practical librarianship and bibliophily and in the theoretical sphere of book science. The importance of the historical and cultural context in defining the scarcity and rarity of a book is stressed. The concept of “rare book” is not documented in the Lithuanian standards of terminology, so it must be discussed more carefully.
SKAITMENINIŲ LEIDINIŲ LEIDYBOS PERSPEKTYVOS AKADEMINĖJE LEIDYKLOJE: LIETUVIŲ KALBOS INSTITUTO ATVEJIS
Authors: KISIELIŪTĖ RIMANTĖ 
Published: January 2019

The article presents the situation and prospects of digital publishing in an academic publishing house. Based on the analysis of a quantitative survey, interviews and nonfiction, the article presents the opinion of the Lithuanian Language Institute researchers (present and future book authors) about digital publishing and the reasons why digital publishing is useful in an academic publishing house; finally, it explores three publishing models (born-digital, print on demand, short run digital publishing) which are useful in expanding production volumes in a publishing house.The research has lead to the conclusion that digital publishing has all preconditions to be rapidly developed while seeking economical advantages, risk minimization, and convenience.
A STATE-OWNED PUBLISHING HOUSE IN LITHUANIA: CHARACTERISTICS AND PROBLEMS
Authors: ČERGELYTĖ NERINGA 
Published: January 2019

The article deals with the publishing process in the only state-owned publishing house of Lithuania – the Science and Encyclopedia Publishing Centre (MELC), its status in the context of other publishing houses of Lithuania and similar publishers abroad, the possible changes in its practice organization on the example of private publishers. The tasks were to analyse the factors that regulate and influence the specific features and status of the publishing house, its structure, work organization and management in the MELC, its situation in the context of foreign publishing houses, and to compare it with similar publishers, to analyse its thematic plan formation and finance management. It was also important to discuss the MELC priorities, tendencies and future prospects. The study has shown that the MELC disposes of a high quality intellectual product, skilled personnel, long-term experience and a good name in the market. However, it is recommended to consider the global publishing tendencies and experience, to evaluate the barriers that influence practice efficiency and their proportion to benefits granted by the status so that the maximum potency in the market could be exploited and the MELC could be assumed as a representative example.
KNYGA IR DOKUMENTAS: KLAUSIMO KAINA
Authors: ДОВНАР ЛАРИСА 
Published: January 2019

Белорусский государственный университет культуры и искусств Кафедра теории и истории информационно-документных коммуникаций ул. Рабкоровская 17, Минск, 220007, Республика Беларусь E-mail: loradounar@gmail.com Понятия «книга» и «документ» рассматриваются в историко-культурном контексте гносеологического подхода. Основное внимание сконцентрировано на проблемах сущностного порядка в соотношении книги и документа, которые представлены с точки зрения моральной ответственности формирования научных концепций и развития цивилизационных процессов: их ценности и значимости, духовности, нравственности, свободы слова, активности и пассивности, публичности и предназначения, управления бытием и творение бытия. Основной акцент – на автономности «книги» через её познание в книжной культуре в единстве материального, духовного и художественного.
PRIEIGA PRIE DOKUMENTŲ VALSTYBĖS ARCHYVUOSE: TEORINIAI ASPEKTAI
Authors: KONTRIMAVIČIENĖ DANUTĖ 
Published: January 2019

Access to documents accumulated at state-owned archive repositories is a topical area of scientific research in archivistics. When the paradigms of archivistics shift, the meaning of access to records as well as its place in archival research undergo changes.In the late 20th – early 21st c., archivistics have been moving towards the stage of a postmodern science, and in vigorous discussions of researchers on archivistics paradigms access is reflected as one of the key phenomena of the archival science. When examining access to records, a synonymous term “accessibility” has been established, meaning a granted right (enforced by relevant legislation) to get acquainted with records and availability of the finding aids. Theo Thomassen’s post-preservation or post-modern archivistics, Angelica Menne-Haritz’s access paradigm, Ivano Szekely’s four paradigms of the archives history provide a basis for the access phenomenon in archivistics. Since the object of the archival science has shifted towards archival information, its goal becomes a quality access to information. Access is the mechanism enabling to reach information. Access to documents means the possibility, assured by legislation, of access to information contained within the records, and the existence of appropriate finding aids.At present, following Ivan Szekely’s viewpoint, Lithuania’s state archives could be ascribed to the Public Paradigm, because the Internet access to the documents at state archives is not widespread and not well developed. Therefore, we could state that we are moving to the period of the Global Paradigm.Access to documents may be examined in physical, intellectual, and social aspects.
LATVIJOS BIBLIOTEKŲ ISTORIJOS TYRIMAI: AUTORIAI IR PUBLIKACIJŲ TEMOS (XVIII–XXI A.) (RUSŲ K.)
Authors: ZANDERS VIESTURS 
Published: January 2019

ИЗУЧЕНИЕ ИСТОРИИ БИБЛИОТЕК ЛАТВИИ: АВТОРЫ И ТЕМАТИКА ПУБЛИКАЦИЙ (XVIII–XXI в.)
ВИЕСТУРС ЗАНДЕРС
PезюмеЦель данной статьи – дать ретроспективный обзор основных тенденций развития изучения истории библиотек Латвии. Развитию Рижской городской библиотеки (осн. в 1524 году) посвящено большинство публикаций XVII – перой половины ХХ века: очерки преподавателя Рижской Домской школы И. Ф. Виллиша (1743), рижского патрициата И. К. Беренса (1792), статьи историков А. Белендорфа (1901) и Н. Буша (1911). Фактологически полезная информация для изучения истории народных (публичных) библиотек Латвии обобщают публикации учителя Я. Кришканса и активного организатора профессионального сообщества библиотекарей Т. Ливентала (первая четверть ХХ века). Более широкое использование архивных документов характерна для исследований по истории библиотек, написанных после Второй мировой войны.В 60-80-х гг. наряду с историками (Г. Енш, М. Лацис, Б. Бригере и др.) все более важное место в кругу авторов занимают также сотрудники библиотек (Ф. Ранцанс, М. Клуце и др.). После восстановления государственной независимости Латвии в 1991 году расширилась исследовательскаятематика (например, советизация библиотек Латвии и опыт работы библиотек латышской эмиграции), а также возможность участвовать в международных исследовательских проектах. В 2005 году была защищена первая докторская диссертация по истории библиотек данного периода (Я. Дреймане).Ключевые слова: библиотека, история библиотек, Рижская городская библиотека, Государственная библиотека Латвии.
SKAITMENINĖ KNYGA NEGAUSIOS KALBOS KULTŪROJE: MEDIJŲ TECHNOLOGIJOS IR SKAITMENINĖ VISUOMENĖ
Authors: MACEVIČIŪTĖ ELENA , NILSSON KERSTI , WILSON TOM , BERGSTRÖM ANNIKA , HÖGLUND LARS 
Published: January 2019

The article describes a research project conducted in Sweden and its initial base-line results that were produced by investigating statistical data from general statistical sources, representative surveys of the Swedish population, and from public and academic libraries. The project looks into the change introduced into the book sector by e-books. Sweden was chosen as a special case – a country with a high literacy level and high penetration of information technology into everyday life of people. At the same time, the spread of e-books is at the very start and it seems that the diffusion of e-books, their production, distribution and use are affected by the problems characteristic of a typical small publishing markets.The authors present the goals of the project and the theoretical framework. The data were collected in 2012 and demonstrate the relatively low scale of e-book publishing and use. Libraries emerge as the main channel of access to e-books for readers. The usual problems of e-book production and distribution that are visible in other countries are observed in Sweden as well: e-books legally are not books, but services of licensed software and thus excluded from the privileges enjoyed by paper books; readers demand more e-books but are not ready to pay for them the same price as for traditional books and prefer to acquire them through free channels. Publishers seek to maintain the monopoly of e-book distribution and fear piracy. Libraries lose independence of acquisition and collection management. The choice of e-books by readers is determined by access to technology, age and education as well as reading habits.KEYWORDS: digital books, Sweden, publishing industry, reading, book distribution, libraries
VLADO ŽUKO ATMINIMUI SKIRTA NACIONALINĖ MOKSLINĖ KONFERENCIJA ANYKŠČIUOSE
Authors: LIEPAITĖ INGA 
Published: January 2019

Vilniaus universiteto Knygotyros ir dokumentotyros institutas,Vilniaus universiteto bibliotekos Moksliniųtyrimų ir paveldo rinkinių centro Rankraščių skyriusUniversiteto g. 3, LT-01122 Vilnius, LietuvaEl. paštas: inga.liepaite@mb.vu.lt
DVIDEŠIMT ANTROJI SHARP KONFERENCIJA ANTVERPENE
Authors: BRAZIŪNIENĖ ALMA 
Published: January 2019

Vilniaus universiteto Knygotyros ir dokumentotyros institutasUniversiteto g. 3, LT-01513 Vilnius, LietuvaEl. paštas: alma.braziuniene@kf.vu.lt
VILNIAUS BAZILIJONŲ SPAUSTUVĖS (1628–1845) VEIKLOS ORGANIZAVIMAS
Authors: Kažuro Ina 
Published: January 2019

Vilniaus bazilijonų spaustuvė paliko ryškų pėdsaką Lietuvos kultūros istorijoje. Joje spausdinta lenkų, lotynų, bažnytine slavų, lietuvių, latvių kalbomis, bazilijonų išleistose knygose yra kūrinių ir kitomis Europos kalbomis: italų, prancūzų, graikų, anglų. Platindami įvairiakalbę literatūrą bazilijonai prisidėjo prie daugiatautės LDK kultūros formavimosi bei modernios visuomeninės raidos. Vilniaus bazilijonų knygos yra sulaukusios tyrinėtojų dėmesio, bet iki šiol mažai tirtos materialinės sąlygos, kuriomis vyko leidybinė bazilijonų veikla. Straipsnyje nagrinėjami svarbiausi klausimai, susiję su spaustuvės veiklos organizavimu nuo XVII a. iki spaustuvės uždarymo ir išpardavimo 1845 m.: spaustuvės lokalizacija ir patalpos, teisinė padėtis, valdytojai ir darbuotojai, techninis įrengimas, produkcijos realizavimas. Spaustuvės materialinių sąlygų tyrimas padeda atskleisti veiksnius, lėmusius spaudos darbų raidą ir nuosmukį, suprasti įvairiakalbės kelių konfesijų produkcijos atsiradimo priežastis institucinėje įmonėje.
Antiangiogenic potential of Jatropha curcas latex in the chick chorioallantoic membrane model
Authors: Almeida Luciane Madureira , Bailão Elisa Flávia Luiz Cardoso , Pereira Illana Reis , Ferreira Fabrício Alves , D'Abadia Patrícia Lima , Borges Leonardo Luiz , Matos Fábio Santos , Lino-Júnior Ruy de Souza , De Melo-Reis Paulo Roberto , Gonçalves Pablo José 
Published: January 2019

AIMS: To perform a physicochemical and phytochemical characterization of Jatropha curcas latex and to investigate its antiangiogenic potential. METHODS: We performed an initial physicochemical characterization of J. curcas latex using thermal gravimetric analyses and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy. After that, phenols, tannins and flavonoids were quantified. Finally, the potential of J. curcas latex to inhibit angiogenesis was evaluated using the chick chorioallantoic membrane model. Five groups of 20 fertilized chicken eggs each had the chorioallantoic membrane exposed to the following solutions: (1) water, negative control; (2) dexamethasone, angiogenesis inhibitor; (3) Regederm®, positive control; (4) 25% J. curcas latex diluted in water; (5) 50% J. curcas latex diluted in water; and (6) J. curcas crude latex. Analysis of the newly-formed vascular net was made through captured images and quantification of the number of pixels. Histological analyses were performed to evaluate the inflammation, neovascularization, and hyperemia parameters. The results were statically analyzed with a significance level set at p ˂0.05.RESULTS: Physicochemical characterization showed that J. curcas latex presented a low amount of cis-1.4-polyisoprene, which reduced its elasticity and thermal stability. Phytochemical analyses of J. curcas latex identified a substantial amount of phenols, tannins, and flavonoids (51.9%, 11.8%, and 0.07% respectively). Using a chick chorioallantoic membrane assay, we demonstrated the antiangiogenic potential of J. curcas latex. The latex induced a decrease in the vascularization of the membranes when compared with neutral and positive controls (water and Regederm®). However, when compared with the negative control (dexamethasone), higher J. curcas latex concentrations showed no significant differences.CONCLUSIONS: J. curcas latex showed low thermal stability, and consisted of phenols, tannins, and flavonoids, but little or no rubber. Moreover, this latex demonstrated a significant antiangiogenic activity on a chick chorioallantoic membrane model. The combination of antimutagenic, cytotoxic, antioxidant and antiangiogenic properties makes J. curcas latex a potential target for the development of new drugs.
Entre modulações musicais e literárias: O inverno e depois, de Luiz Antonio de Assis Brasil
Authors: Cury Maria Zilda Ferreira , Souza Guilherme Augusto Lopes de 
Published: January 2019

O inverno e depois, romance de Luiz Antonio de Assis Brasil, exibe uma articulada reflexão acerca da música clássica e da vida de artista, assim como os desafios dos musicistas de traduzir, por meio de sua arte, os sentimentos que as palavras não expressam. À vista disso, pretende-se fazer uma leitura do romance a partir das teorias dos estudos músico-literários, evidenciando as influências do Concerto para violoncelo e orquestra, de Antonín Dvořák – peça chave do romance – na narrativa de Assis Brasil, tanto no plano estrutural, como no plano de seu conteúdo. *** Between literary and musical modulations: O inverno e depois, by Luiz Antonio de Assis Brasil ***O inverno e depois, a novel written by Luiz Antonio de Assis Brasil, exposes an articulated reflection on classical music and the artist’s life, as well as the challenges of the musicians to translate, through their art, the feelings that words do not express itself. In this way, we intend to make a reading of the novel from the theoretical aspects of word and music studies, revealing the influences of the Concerto for violoncello and Orchestra, by Antonín Dvořák – key factor for the novel –, in the Assis Brasil’s narrative, both in the structural plane and in the plane of its content.Keywords: Contemporary brazilian literature; Luiz Antonio de Assis Brasil; Literature and music; Intermidiality; Musico-literary studies.