bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Crystalline‐Amorphous Hybrid of MoS2 for Enhanced Piezo‐catalytic Activation of Peroxomonosulfate Toward Organic Pollutants Degradation
Authors: Zhu Jiandong , Ji Qiuyi , Lu Pingping , Zhou Wendi , Zhong Qiang , Zhang Kan , Liu Yazi , Zuo Gancheng , Xu Zhe , Yang Shaogui , Zhang Limin , He Huan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDespite the promising potential of piezo‐catalysis in environmental remediation applications, the performance of various piezoelectric materials still suffer from low carrier concentrations, limited carrier mobility, and rapid recombination of electron‐hole pairs, and the reported modification strategies are quite intricate and challenging to implement. Herein, MoS2 with varying degrees of crystallinity is synthesized through drying and thermal treatment processes, and the effect of crystal engineering on the performance of the piezo‐activated peroxomonosulfate (PAP) system is investigated. The MoS2 annealed at 700 °C (M‐700) with a crystallization of 60.4% exhibited superior performance in the PAP system, which can degrade 99.6% of bisphenol A within 30 min with a mineralization rate of 57.0%. The positive correlation among the crystallinity of piezoelectric catalysts, the parameters of piezoelectric performance (d33) and piezo‐catalytic performance within a certain range is proposed. From the density functional perturbation theory (DFPT), the crystalline‐amorphous hybrid of M‐700 provided an appropriate charge transfer rate, electron concentration, and mechanical strength, which is more conducive to stimulate the active species chain reaction of PMS. This study provides a novel method for improving the piezo‐catalytic activities and holds great promise for water pollution treatment.
Dual‐Electrolyte Neuromorphic Transistor for Risk Detection and Image Processing
Authors: Kim Su‐Kyung , Choi Seung‐Won , Kim Mingyu , Yun Kwang‐Ro , Wang Gunuk , Seong Tae‐Yeon 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe human brain is a highly efficient structure that can easily perform various complex tasks, such as shape recognition, presentation, and classification, while consuming minimal energy and occupying only a small volume. This study introduces a bio‐inspired electrolyte‐gated neuromorphic transistor that mimics the functionality of the human brain. A dual‐electrolyte structure combining lithium phosphorus oxynitride and lithium silicate achieves the best performance, with a mobility of 3.1 cm2 V−1 s−1, a paired‐pulse facilitation index of 162.6%, and nonlinearity coefficients of 0.02 and 0.03 (for potentiation and depression, respectively). Further, risk pre‐detection and image recognition are successfully demonstrated using the developed dual‐electrolyte synaptic transistors. A test conducted on the Modified National Institute of Standards and Technology database indicates an accuracy of 91.0%. Thus, the device has the potential to advance artificial vision systems.
Cortico‐cortical connectivity of the somatosensory cortex of the agouti: Topographical organization and evolutionary implications
Authors: Franca João G. , Freire Marco Aurelio M. , Pereira Antonio , Manger Paul R. , Kaas Jon H. , Picanço‐Diniz Cristovam W. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractUnderstanding patterns of cortico‐cortical connections in both frequently and infrequently studied species advances our knowledge of cortical organization and evolution. The agouti (Dasyprocta aguti, a medium‐size South American rodent) offers a unique opportunity, because of its large lissencephalic brain and its natural behaviors, such as gnawing and hiding seeds, that require bimanual interaction while sitting on its hindlimbs and aligning its head to receive images of the horizon on the retinal visual streak. There have been no previous studies of the intrinsic and extrinsic ipsilateral projections of the agouti's primary somatosensory cortical area (S1). In the present study, we utilized biotinylated dextran (BDA) anatomical tract‐tracer injections combined with microelectrode electrophysiological mapping, correlated with analysis of cytochrome oxidase (CO) histochemical staining, to investigate the ipsilateral corticocortical connectivity of the agouti's S1. By injecting BDA into electrophysiologically identified regions within the S1, we revealed ipsilateral intrinsic connections, as well as connections with cortical areas rostral and caudal to S1, and homotopic labeling in the second somatosensory cortical area (S2). In addition, we identified a focal cluster of labeled axons and axonal terminals adjacent to the rhinal fissure, tentatively named the parietal rhinal area (PR). The analysis of CO reactivity allowed delineation of the boundaries and subdivisions of S1, as well as the locations and limits of primary auditory and visual areas. These findings provide support for the notion of a similar pattern of somatosensory cortical organization and connectivity across mammalian species.
Representing DNA for machine learning algorithms: A primer on one‐hot, binary, and integer encodings
Authors: Gupta Yash Munnalal , Kirana Satwika Nindya , Homchan Somjit 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis short paper presents an educational approach to teaching three popular methods for encoding DNA sequences: one‐hot encoding, binary encoding, and integer encoding. Aimed at bioinformatics and computational biology students, our learning intervention focuses on developing practical skills in implementing these essential techniques for efficient representation and analysis of genetic data. The primary goal of this study is to enhance students' understanding and practical application of DNA encoding methods, which are crucial for various computational analyses in bioinformatics. Our intervention consists of three key components: (1) a conceptual framework that contextualizes these encoding methods within broader bioinformatics applications, (2) an interactive Jupyter Notebook with Python code examples (https://github.com/yashmgupta/Representing-DNA/tree/main), and (3) a user‐friendly Streamlit application for visualizing encoded sequences (https://dnaencoding.streamlit.app/) that also enables students to input their own DNA sequences and visualize the different encoding methods, further enhancing their understanding and practical experience. By combining conceptual overview with practical coding and visualization tools, our approach provides a comprehensive foundation for students to leverage these key DNA sequence encoding methods in their future work. This study contributes to bioinformatics education by offering effective, hands‐on learning resources that bridge the gap between theoretical knowledge and practical application in DNA sequence analysis, preparing students for advanced research and data analysis projects in the field.
The ductal network in the human testis and epididymis: What belongs to which?
Authors: Gocht Andreas , Merseburger Axel Stuart , Ergün Süleyman , Roesch Marie Christine 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe testes and epididymis are traversed by a system of tubules in which sperm cells are generated, matured, nourished, and transported. Among these are the efferent ductules, which connect the rete testis to the duct of the epididymis. In the Terminologia Anatomica (TA), the efferent ductules are assigned to the testicles, while numerous anatomy, pathology, and urology textbooks assign them to the epididymis. Developmentally, they are derivatives of the Wolffian duct; as is the epididymal duct, which unquestionably belongs to the epididymis. Allocation of the efferent ductules to the compartment of the epididymis has been established clinically. The precise identification of tissue components of the epididymis is essential for the prognostic assessment of testicular cancers. In primary germ cell tumors of the testis, tumor infiltration into the epididymis can influence the tumor stage and can be associated with a worse clinical prognosis than localized tumor disease. Thus, it is desirable to update the TA, assigning the efferent ductules to the epididymis.
Managing organizational carbon neutrality: A systematic review
Authors: Boiral Olivier , Morin Geneviève , Yuriev Alexander , Talbot David 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis article aims to analyze the challenges that arise for organizations when they make carbon neutrality commitments, the practices involved in implementing those commitments, and the impacts they have, based on a systematic review of empirical studies focused on the managerial and organizational implications of carbon neutrality initiatives. Through rigorous analysis of relevant research, this study maps the literature, highlighting, among other things, that research on the subject has mushroomed and is widely dispersed in terms of both geographical and disciplinary provenance; that the process of achieving organizational carbon neutrality has been undertheorized; and that there is a lack substantial critical examinations of carbon neutrality actions despite the greenwashing trends that have been observed in organizations' climate commitments. The results of the selected studies show the numerous challenges of managing carbon neutrality, mainly due to organizational obstacles and governance issues related to the lack of expertise, leadership, and reliable data to track climate performance rigorously as well as persistent uncertainties surrounding regulations and public policies in this area. Despite these difficulties, the conclusions of most studies remain optimistic about the positive financial, reputational, and institutional impacts of organizational carbon neutrality. The best practices identified in the literature revolve around actions related to leadership commitments, strategic planning, and innovation. This study provides an in‐depth understanding of the implications of carbon neutrality for managers and proposes avenues of improvement for future initiatives in this area. It also discusses contributions to the literature, significant research gaps, and resulting avenues for future research.
Programme‐Led and Focused Interventions for Recent Onset Binge/Purge Eating Disorders: Use and Outcomes in the First Episode Rapid Early Intervention for Eating Disorders (FREED) Network
Authors: Allen Karina L. , Courtney Laura , Croft Philippa , Hyam Lucy , Mills Regan , Richards Katie , Ahmed Muhammad , Schmidt Ulrike 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveWe aimed to compare use of, and outcomes from, programme‐led and focused interventions (guided self‐help and 10 session cognitive behavioral therapy for eating disorders [CBT‐T]) relative to other psychological therapies (including group and individual CBT for eating disorders [CBT‐ED]) in a national sample of emerging adults receiving early intervention for a non‐underweight binge/purge eating disorder.MethodData were drawn from 54 English eating disorder services using the First Episode Rapid Early Intervention for Eating Disorders (FREED) model. Participants (N = 1097) had a mean age of 18.95 years (SD 2.42) and diagnoses of bulimia nervosa (n = 506; 45%), binge eating disorder (n = 121; 11%), another specified feeding or eating disorder (n = 460; 42%), or an eating disorder, unspecified (n = 10, 1%). Linear mixed models were used to assess for effects of time and treatment on binge eating and purging, eating disorder psychopathology, depression/anxiety, and body mass index.Results11% (n = 117) of patients received guided self‐help and 24% (n = 268) received CBT‐T. Baseline eating disorder psychopathology and depressive/anxiety symptoms did not differ significantly across the guided self‐help, CBT‐T, group CBT‐ED, and individual CBT‐ED conditions. All treatments were associated with significant reductions in symptoms over time. GSH and CBT‐T performed comparably to longer CBT‐ED.DiscussionWe provide additional evidence for the effectiveness of GSH and CBT‐T in the treatment of non‐underweight binge/purge eating disorders. Programme‐led and focused interventions may be under‐utilized and future research should explore when they are offered, and when not, both within and outside of early intervention settings.
Use of Three‐Dimensional (3D) Airway Modeling and Virtual Reality for Diagnosis, Communication, and Surgical Planning of Complex Airway Stenosis
Authors: Cho Youngjun , Spirou George , Decker Summer J. , Ford Jonathan M. , Mifsud Matthew , Sommers Eric , Bensoussan Yael 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveWe hypothesized that a method to segment human airways from clinical cases and import them into a case presentation environment in Virtual Reality (VR) could be developed to model and visualize complex airway stenosis for efficient surgical planning.MethodsOne normal and two pathological airways modeled from CT scans at a slice thickness of 0.625 mm were processed. A multidisciplinary team composed of airway surgeons, VR engineers, educators, and radiologists collaborated to create a clinically relevant VR rendering and explanatory Narrations of the three clinical cases. Segmentation and postprocessing were completed in the Mimics Innovation Suite v24 from Materialize. Structures were segmented from the level of bifurcation of common carotid arteries to the level of bifurcation of the main bronchi, including cartilaginous and bony airway structures, vessels, and soft tissues. They were then postprocessed into 3D image volumes and imported into syGlass (IstoVisio Inc.), a VR software.ResultsDirect visualization and free manipulation of these 3D airway models within the VR environment provided improved geometrical and anatomical details compared to traditional two‐dimensional (2D) CT. Then, specialized presentation and active learning tools developed for scientific communication using the VR environment permitted the creation of VR Narrations to explain pathological cases.ConclusionThe method to segment human airways from clinical cases used in this paper, combined with intuitive VR tools to overlay segmentation and image data in an active learning environment, shows potential in the use of 3D airway modeling and VR in clinical practice for the description and surgical planning of complex airways. Further work is needed to validate the use of these models in clinical practice and patient education.Level of EvidenceLevel 4.
Survival scenarios of patients with localized and metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma: A population‐based study
Authors: Kuijper Steven C. , Gehrels Anne M. , van der Geest Lydia G. , Verhoeven Rob H. A. , Koerkamp Bas Groot , Molenaar I. Quintus , Stommel Martijn W. J. , de Meijer Vincent E. , de Vos‐Geelen J. , Wumkes Miriam L. , Besselink Marc G. , Wilmink Johanna W. , van Laarhoven Hanneke W. M. ,   for the Dutch Pancreatic Cancer Group
Published: November 2024

AbstractPancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAC) is notorious for its poor survival. The provision of survival scenarios—that is, best‐case, typical and worst‐case scenarios—could prove valuable to patients and clinicians. This study investigated survival scenarios and how these have changed over a period of 16 years for patients with PAC. Data from the Netherlands Cancer Registry were used to identify patients with localized and metastatic PAC (2005–2021). Survival scenarios, including best‐case, upper‐typical, typical (median), lower‐typical, and worst‐case, were estimated based on survival curve percentiles (p10, p25, p50, p75, and p90). Annual differences were assessed for significance using weighted linear regression analyses. Factors associated with these scenarios were identified through univariable tests. Overall, 14,622 patients with localized and 20,199 with metastatic PAC were included. For patients with localized PAC, the best, upper‐typical and typical survival scenarios improved statistically significant with average annual improvement of 1.54 (95%CI: 1.2–1.88), 0.67 (0.56–0.78), and 0.24 (0.19–0.29) months, respectively. For patients with metastatic PAC the best and upper‐typical survival scenarios increased statically significantly with annual improvement of 0.28 (0.21–0.34) and 0.06 (0.02–0.09) months, respectively. The best‐case and upper‐typical scenarios were associated with younger patients, more aggressive disease‐focused treatments, fewer comorbidities, and better overall performance status. Over the past 16 years, survival improvements in patients with PAC have been most notable in these scenarios. Although the absolute gains were modest, these results offer encouraging potential for advancements in life‐prolonging care for this type of cancer.
Evaluating predictive values of umbilical cord arterial lactate for adverse newborn outcomes among term‐births in northern Uganda: A cross sectional analytical study
Authors: Ayebare Elizabeth , Tumwine James K. , Nankunda Jolly , Hjelmstedt Anna , Jonas Wibke , Ndeezi Grace , Orsini Nicola , Hanson Claudia 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectiveBirth asphyxia is one of the leading causes of death for neonates worldwide. Lack of an objective cost effective test to predict poor newborn outcomes at birth affects the ability to respond appropriately. This study determined predictive values of umbilical cord arterial lactate in relation to adverse neonatal outcomes.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional analytical study conducted between March 2018 and March 2019 at two hospitals in Northern Uganda. A total of 2655 women admitted for birth and their newborns were recruited. At birth, umbilical cord arterial blood was tested for lactate using the Nova Biomedical StatStrip Xpress meter. Apgar scores were assessed at 5 min by trained research midwives. Area under the receiver operator characteristics curve (AUROC) was calculated relating umbilical arterial lactate (UAL) levels and four outcomes. We modeled the best lactate cutoff level associated with the highest AUROC for the four outcomes.ResultsThe estimated AUROC for lactate was: 88.42% for Apgar score <7 at 5 min, 83.35% for resuscitation with bag and mask, 84.55% for oxygen therapy after resuscitation and 87.72% for admission to neonatal care unit. The UAL cutoff value of 5.5 mmol/L was associated with the best AUROC of between 75.81% to 81.75% for the four adverse outcomes with no significant differences when adjusted for infectious disease parameters. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV were; 78.95%, 86.48%, 23.54%, and 98.73% for Apgar scores <7 at 5 min, 64.40%, 88.11%, 36.59%, and 95.87% for resuscitation with bag and mask, 67.17%, 87.20%, 30.23%, and 96.99% for oxygen therapy after resuscitation, and 77.17%, 86.15%, 22.27%, and 98.65% for admission to the special care unit, respectively.ConclusionUmbilical cord lactate point‐of‐care (POC) estimate of ≥5.5 mmol/L predicts adverse neonatal outcomes. This test may be used to trigger early interventions and intensified neonatal care complementing the clinical Apgar score assessment in settings like Uganda.
Russula iqbalii sp. nov., Identified in R. Subsect. Maculatinae from Pakistan, Based on Morphology, Microscopy, and Phylogeny
Authors: Naveed Muhammad , Jabeen Sana , Ijaz Hira , Azeem Memoona , Khan Mehboobullah , Ullah Sadiq 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTRussula iqbalii sp. nov. was collected from the District Swat, Pakistan. This species was characterized by its purplish brown pileus having smooth to sulcate‐striate margins, stipe smooth to fibrillose and smaller basidiospores with prominent warts, that are isolated to fused in long chains. Comparative morphology and molecular phylogeny based on nrDNA‐ITS sequences revealed that it is distinct from previously known taxa in the genus and represents a new species in Russula subsection Maculatinae, section Russula, within the subgenus Russula.
Organic zinc and manganese enhance eggshell ultrastructure by influencing its calcium deposition to improve eggshell quality in laying hens
Authors: Li Lanlan , Duan Yuanliang , Chen Mengyuan , Zhou Xingyu , Zhang Xin , Dong Yi , Lai Yujiao , Guo Shuangshuang , Zhang Zhengfan , Ding Binying 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to explore the mechanism of organic zinc and manganese (OZM) influencing eggshell quality of laying hens. A total of 384 21‐week‐old Jingfen‐1 laying hens were randomly divided into four groups (8 replicates per group, 12 hens per replicate): control group (60 mg kg−1 Zn as zinc sulfate and 80 mg kg−1 Mn as manganese sulfate) and OZM groups (5, 10 and 15 mg kg−1 Zn as yeast zinc and 80 mg kg−1 Mn as manganese methionine).ResultsCompared with the control group, OZM_5 and OZM_10 groups significantly increased feed intake and egg weight in laying hens in 28–31 weeks (P < 0.05) while egg weight and shell weight were increased in all the OZM groups (P < 0.05). In addition, the OZM_15 group significantly decreased the mammillary knob width and mammillary layer thickness and increased the palisade layer thickness and total effective thickness (P < 0.05), and had a stronger and more stable Ca signal strength in the mammillary layer and a more uniform and dense distribution of calcium and zinc in the transversal surfaces of eggshell. Furthermore, mRNA levels of Claudin2, Zona Occludens 1, Alkaline phosphatase and Ca2+ATPase were significantly upregulated in the OZM_15 group of laying hens at week 31 (P < 0.05).ConclusionDietary supplementation of 10–15 mg kg−1 yeast zinc and 80 mg kg−1 manganese methionine can enhance eggshell ultrastructure by influencing its endometrial barrier function and calcium deposition, thereby improving eggshell quality. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Janus 2D Transition Metal Dichalcogenides: Research Progress, Optical Mechanism and Future Prospects for Optoelectronic Devices
Authors: Ahmad Waqas , Wang Ye , Kazmi Jamal , Younis Umer , Mubarak Nabisab Mujawar , Aleithan Shrouq H. , Channa Ali Imran , Lei Wen , Wang Zhiming 
Published: November 2024

AbstractExploring the extraordinary optoelectronic properties of two‐dimensional (2D) materials to construct advanced optoelectronic devices is a major goal for academic researchers and industrialists. Emerging 2D Janus materials are the innovative class of 2D materials in which two sides are either asymmetrical functionalized or exposed to different environments. Distinctive features of Janus 2D materials such as tunable bandgaps, electronic structures, the presence of Rashba effects, excitonic effects, piezoelectric effects etc. make its magnificent candidates for optoelectronic devices. The van der Waals (vdWs) heterostructure with novel properties assembled by Janus 2D materials and low dimensional materials provides new opportunities and promising applications. This review aims to offer the recent advances in the Janus 2D materials and inside mechanism in 2D Janus vdWs heterostructure from an optoelectronics point of view. Here, the latest progress in the Janus 2D materials including their vdWs heterostructures from the perspective of theoretical prediction, and synthesis techniques is presented. The investigation of their physical optoelectronics properties and optoelectronic device applications is summarized. Finally, the future directions, challenges, and opportunities regarding the research process of Janus 2D materials and their vdWs heterostructure are discussed for designing promising optoelectronic devices.