bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A retrospective study of the added value of parallel titers compared with serial titers
Authors: Lin Yulia , Cohen Robert , Buckstein Jonah , Callum Jeannie , Lieberman Lani 
Published: September 2019

BACKGROUNDPrenatal antibody titers for alloimmunized patients are subject to multiple sources of variation. A parallel titer on the previous sample at the same time as the current sample is recommended. The purpose of this study was to determine the added value of parallel titers.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSThis is a retrospective study of samples from consecutive prenatal patients with at least two prenatal antibody titers performed in the same pregnancy at a single institution between October 2010 and March 2017. Prenatal titers were performed using gel technology. Data were collected to determine the sensitivity and specificity of a clinically significant increase (twofold or greater) in serial titers compared with the gold standard of using parallel titers.RESULTSThere were 155 serial prenatal titers performed in 59 alloimmunized pregnant women. Nineteen samples (12%) had a serial titer increase of twofold or greater with eight false positive samples (increase less than twofold when using parallel titers). Thirty‐six samples (23%) had a serial titer increase of onefold with two false negative samples (increase of twofold or greater using parallel titers). One hundred samples (65%) had no increase (or a decrease) in serial titer with none having an increase of twofold or greater using parallel titers. The sensitivity of a twofold or greater increase in serial titers was 84.6% (95% CI 55‐98%) and the specificity was 94.4% (95% CI 89‐98%) when compared with parallel titers.CONCLUSIONThis study questions the value of parallel titers on every prenatal titer performed. When no increase in serial titers was observed, parallel titers added no new information.
Retrospective evaluation of serum/plasma iron, red blood cell distribution width, and nucleated red blood cells in dogs with acute trauma (2009–2015): 129 cases
Authors: Fish Eric J. , Hansen Sonya C. , Spangler Elizabeth A. , Gaillard Philippe R. , Fan Shirley , Bacek Lenore M. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the prognostic value of admission hematologic parameters serum/plasma iron, red blood cell distribution width (RDW), and nucleated red blood cells (nRBCs) in dogs presenting with acute traumatic injury.DesignRetrospective observational study (2009‐2015).SettingUniversity teaching hospital.AnimalsOne hundred and twenty‐nine clinical dogs presenting within 24 hours of acute traumatic injury.InterventionsNone.Measurements and Main ResultsOne hundred and twenty‐nine dogs met the inclusion criteria and 109 (84.5%) survived, while 20 (15.5%) died or were euthanized in hospital. Patients with blunt force trauma comprised 79.8% of the patient population; dogs with penetrating trauma comprised 20.2% of cases. Hypoferremia occurred in all nonsurvivors, and the median serum/plasma iron concentration was significantly lower in nonsurvivors than survivors (P = 0.028). Normal or increased serum/plasma iron had 100% specificity and 100% positive predictive value for survival. Red blood cell distribution width was not significantly different between groups (P = 0.417). The presence of nRBCs was significantly associated with nonsurvival (P = 0.030), although the absolute nRBC concentrations were not significantly different (P = 0.070). A multiple logistic regression model found age, type of injury, presence of nRBCs, and serum/plasma iron to be independent predictors of survival with an area under the receiver operator characteristic curve of 0.813.ConclusionsThe presence of nRBCs and low serum/plasma iron are associated with mortality in patients with acute trauma; however, red blood cell distribution width was not associated with survival. Absence of hypoferremia was highly associated with a favorable prognosis in this patient population. These parameters may warrant inclusion in trauma scoring systems.
Field Investigation of Indoor Thermal Performance in Malaysia Air-Welled Terraced House
Authors: Leng Pau Chung , Abdul Majid Roshida , Abdul Rahman Noraslinda , Ossen Dilshan Remaz , Mohd Razif Farhana 
Published: September 2019

This paper aims to determine the performance of the air well system in a hot and humid tropical climate with existing full-scale air well of single-storey terraced house. The application of air well in residential building widely applied in a traditional building, especially in the Middle East and Europe countries. However, resulted from the development, the application of passive cooling strategies such as air well is gradually replaced by a mechanical cooling system. The aim of the study is to investigate the cooling system role in tropics, where hot and humid climate the overheating of building interior are a critical dilemma due to solar penetration through building fenestration. A field measurement has been carried out in a single storey terraced house with built-in air well in Kuching, Sarawak for 5 days. The field measurement investigates the thermal performance of the single-storey terrace house air well under tropical context. The investigation was measured with U-12 HOBO data logger for temperature and humidity while the air velocity was measured with HD32.3 DeltaOhm measurement logger. Both types of the instrument placed in the air well in a vertical position while another U12 HOBO datalogger placed in a test room with window connected to air well. The outdoor weather data set were measured with HOBO U30. Findings show that the under Malaysia tropical climate, the mean air velocity induced by the air well throughout the measurement days marked as 0.91m/s while during the hottest hour of the measurement days, the air velocity induced in the upper air well could reach 1.09m/s with an outdoor air temperature of 33.6°C and solar radiation of 198 Wh/m². The findings of the study have explained the effectiveness of the air well in providing the thermal performance in the indoor environment and further study on modification of the air well configuration could enhance the airflow and air temperature
Virtual signals of head rotation induce gravity‐dependent inferences of linear acceleration
Authors: Khosravi‐Hashemi Navid , Forbes Patrick A. , Dakin Christopher J. , Blouin Jean‐Sébastien 
Published: September 2019

Key points
Considerable debate exists regarding whether electrical vestibular stimuli encoded by vestibular afferents induce a net signal of linear acceleration, rotation or a combination of the two.
This debate exists because an isolated signal of head rotation encoded by the vestibular afferents can cause perceptions of both linear and angular motion.
We recorded participants' perceptions in different orientations relative to gravity and predicted their responses by modelling the effect of electrical vestibular stimuli on vestibular afferents and a current model of central vestibular processing.
We show that, even if electrical vestibular stimuli are encoded as a net signal of head rotation, participants perceive both linear acceleration and rotation motions, provided the electrical stimulation‐induced rotational vector has a component orthogonal to gravity.
The emergence of a perception of linear acceleration from a single rotational input signal clarifies the origins of the neural mechanisms underlying electrical vestibular stimulation.
AbstractElectrical vestibular stimulation (EVS) is an increasingly popular biomedical tool for generating sensations of virtual motion in humans, for which the mechanism of action is a topic of considerable debate. Contention surrounds whether the evoked vestibular afferent activity encodes a signal of net rotation and/or linear acceleration. Central processing of vestibular self‐motion signals occurs through an internal representation of gravity that can lead to inferred linear accelerations in absence of a true inertial acceleration. Applying this model to virtual signals of rotation evoked by EVS, we predict that EVS will induce behaviours attributed to both angular and linear motion, depending on the head orientation relative to gravity. To demonstrate this, 18 subjects indicated their perceived motion during sinusoidal EVS when in one of four head/body positions orienting the gravitational vector parallel or orthogonal to the EVS rotation vector. During stimulation, participants selected one simulated movement from seven that corresponded best to what they perceived. Participants' responses in each orientation were predicted by a model combining the influence of EVS on vestibular afferents with known mechanisms of vestibular processing. When the EVS rotation vector had a component orthogonal to gravity, human perceptual responses were consistent with a non‐zero central estimate of interaural or superior‐inferior linear acceleration. The emergence of a perception of linear acceleration from a single rotational input signal clarifies the origins of the neural mechanisms underlying EVS, which has important implications for its use in human biomedical or sensory augmentation applications.
Experimental Study of a Lift-Type Wave Energy Converter Rotor in a Freewheeling Mode
Authors: Yang Yingchen , Jenet Fredrick , Xu Ben , Garza Juan Carlos , Tamayo Benjamin , Chavez Yessica , Reyes Oscar , Fuentes Samuel 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIn pursuit of energy harvesting from ocean waves, our recent progress on studying wave interaction with a lift-type rotor is discussed in this paper. The particular focus is on the characterization of the rotor's unidirectional responsiveness in waves. The rotor consists of six hydrofoil blades in two sets. One blade set has three blades laid out as a vertical-axis wind turbine of the Darrieus type. The other blade set has three blades configured like a Wells turbine. In combination, the formed rotor can be driven by flows in any direction to perform a unidirectional rotation about its vertically mounted shaft. This unidirectional responsiveness of the rotor also holds in waves, making the rotor an effective device for wave energy conversion. For the parametric study of the rotor, hydrofoil blades using different cross-sectional profiles and chord lengths have been employed to configure the rotor. The rotor was then tested in a wave flume under various wave conditions in a freewheeling mode. Experimental results were analyzed and discussed. The yielded research findings will greatly enhance the fundamental understanding of the rotor performance in waves and effectively guide the prototype rotor development for practical applications.
Earliest Jurassic U-Pb ages from carbonate deposits in the Navajo Sandstone, southeastern Utah, USA
Authors: Parrish Judith Totman , Rasbury E. Troy , Chan Marjorie A. , Hasiotis Stephen T. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
New uranium-lead (U-Pb) analyses of carbonate deposits in the Navajo Sandstone in southeastern Utah (USA) yielded dates of 200.5 ± 1.5 Ma (earliest Jurassic, Hettangian Age) and 195.0 ± 7.7 Ma (Early Jurassic, Sinemurian Age). These radioisotopic ages—the first reported from the Navajo erg and the oldest ages reported for this formation—are critical for understanding Colorado Plateau stratigraphy because they demonstrate that initial Navajo Sandstone deposition began just after the Triassic and that the base of the unit is strongly time-transgressive by at least 5.5 m.y.
Transradial intraoperative cerebral angiography: a multicenter case series and technical report
Authors: Osbun Joshua W , Patel Bhuvic , Levitt Michael R , Yahanda Alexander T , Shah Amar , Dlouhy Kathleen M , Thatcher Joshua P , Chicoine Michael R , Kim Louis J , Zipfel Gregory J 
Published: September 2019

BackgroundUse of the radial artery as an access site for neurointerventional procedures is gaining popularity after several studies in interventional cardiology have demonstrated superior patient safety, decreased length of stay, and patient preference compared with femoral artery access. The transradial approach has yet to be characterized for intraoperative cerebral angiography.ObjectiveTo report a multicenter experience on the use of radial artery access in intraoperative cerebral angiography, including case series and discussion of technical nuances.Methods27 patients underwent attempted transradial cerebral angiography betweenMay 2017 and May 2019. Data were collected regarding technique, patient positioning, vessels selected, technical success rate, and access site complications.Results24 of the 27 patients (88.8%) underwent successful transradial intraoperative cerebral angiography. 18 patients (66.7%) were positioned supine, 6 patients (22.2%) were positioned prone, 1 patient (3.7%) was positioned lateral, and 2 patients (7.4%) were positioned three-quarters prone. A total of 31 vessels were selected including 13 right carotid arteries (8 common, 1 external, 4 internal), 11 left carotid arteries (9 common and 2 internal), and 6 vertebral arteries (5 right and 1 left). Two patients (7.4%) required conversion to femoral access in order to complete the intraoperative angiogram (1 due to arterial vasospasm and 1 due to inadvertent venous catheterization). One procedure (3.7%) was aborted because of inability to obtain the appropriate fluoroscopic views due to patient positioning. No patient experienced stroke, arterial dissection, or access site complication.ConclusionsTransradial intraoperative cerebral angiography is safe and feasible with potential for improved operating room workflow ergonomics, faster patient mobility in the postoperative period, and reduced costs.
NanoTouch: intracellular recording using transmembrane conductive nanoparticles
Authors: Saito Mitsuyoshi L. 
Published: September 2019

Observations of the electrophysiological properties of cells are important for understanding cellular functions and their underlying mechanisms. Short action potentials in axons are essential to rapidly deliver signals from the neuronal cell body to the terminals, whereas longer action potentials are required for sufficient calcium influx for transmitter release at the synaptic terminals and for cardiomyocyte and smooth muscle contractions. To accurately observe the shape and timing of depolarizations, it is essential to measure changes in the intracellular membrane potential. The ability to record action potentials and intracellular membrane potentials from mammalian cells and neurons was made possible by Ling and Gerard’s discovery in 1949, when they introduced sharp glass electrode with a submicron sized tip. Because of the small tip size, the sharp glass electrode could penetrate the cell membrane with little damage, which was one of the major breakthroughs in cellular electrophysiology and is the basic principle of the intracellular recording technique to date, providing the basis for further innovation of patch-clamp electrophysiology. I report a proof-of-principle demonstration of a novel method for recording intracellular potentials without penetrating the cell membrane using glass electrodes. We discovered that magnetically held transmembrane conductive nanoparticles can function as an intracellular electrode to detect transmembrane membrane potentials similar to those obtained by the conventional patch-clamp recording method. NEW & NOTEWORTHY To accurately observe the shape of action potentials, it is essential to perform intracellular recordings. I present a method to record intracellular potentials using magnetically held magnetic conductive nanoparticles in the membrane as an electrode. These nanoparticles function similarly to a conventional intracellular microelectrode. This is the first report to apply conductive nanoparticles to detect action potentials in the form of electrical signals.
Long-term facilitation of catecholamine secretion from adrenal chromaffin cells of neonatal rats by chronic intermittent hypoxia
Authors: Makarenko Vladislav V. , Peng Ying-Jie , Khan Shakil A. , Nanduri Jayasri , Fox Aaron P. , Prabhakar Nanduri R. 
Published: September 2019

In neonates, catecholamine (CA) secretion from adrenal medullary chromaffin cells (AMC) is an important mechanism for maintaining homeostasis during hypoxia. Nearly 90% of premature infants experience chronic intermittent hypoxia (IH) because of high incidence of apnea of prematurity, which is characterized by periodic stoppage of breathing. The present study examined the effects of repetitive hypoxia, designed to mimic apnea of prematurity, on CA release from AMC of neonatal rats. Neonatal rats were exposed to either control conditions or chronic intermittent hypoxia (IH) from ages postnatal days 0–5 (P0–P5), and CA release from adrenal medullary slices was measured after challenge with repetitive hypoxia (5 episodes of 30-s hypoxia, Po2~35 mmHg). In response to repetitive hypoxia, chronic IH-treated AMC exhibited sustained CA release, and this phenotype was not seen in control AMC. The sustained CA release was associated with long-lasting elevation of intracellular Ca2+concentration ([Ca2+]i), which was due to store-operated Ca2+entry (SOCE). 2-Aminoethoxydiphenyl borate, an inhibitor of SOCE, prevented the long-lasting [Ca2+]ielevation and CA release. Repetitive hypoxia increased H2O2abundance, and polyethylene glycol (PEG)-catalase, a scavenger of H2O2blocked this effect. PEG-catalase also prevented repetitive hypoxia-induced SOCE activation, sustained [Ca2+]ielevation, and CA release. These results demonstrate that repetitive hypoxia induces long-term facilitation of CA release in chronic IH-treated neonatal rat AMC through sustained Ca2+influx mediated by SOCE.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Apnea of prematurity and the resulting chronic intermittent hypoxia are major clinical problems in neonates born preterm. Catecholamine release from adrenal medullary chromaffin cells maintains homeostasis during hypoxia in neonates. Our results demonstrate that chronic intermittent hypoxia induces a hitherto uncharacterized long-term facilitation of catecholamine secretion from neonatal rat chromaffin cells in response to repetitive hypoxia, simulating hypoxic episodes encountered during apnea of prematurity. The sustained catecholamine secretion might contribute to cardiovascular morbidities in infants with apnea of prematurity.
The Atypical Receptor CCRL2 Is Essential for Lung Cancer Immune Surveillance
Authors: Del Prete Annalisa , Sozio Francesca , Schioppa Tiziana , Ponzetta Andrea , Vermi William , Calza Stefano , Bugatti Mattia , Salvi Valentina , Bernardini Giovanni , Benvenuti Federica , Vecchi Annunciata , Bottazzi Barbara , Mantovani Alberto , Sozzani Silvano 
Published: September 2019

AbstractCCRL2 is a nonsignaling seven-transmembrane domain receptor. CCRL2 binds chemerin, a protein that promotes chemotaxis of leukocytes, including macrophages and natural killer (NK) cells. In addition, CCRL2 controls the inflammatory response in different pathologic settings, such as hypersensitivity, inflammatory arthritis, and experimental autoimmune encephalitis. Here, we investigated the role of CCRL2 in the regulation of lung cancer–related inflammation. The genetic deletion of Ccrl2 promoted tumor progression in urethane-induced and in KrasG12D/+/p53LoxP lung tumor mouse models. Similarly, a Kras-mutant lung tumor displayed enhanced growth in Ccrl2-deficient mice. This phenotype was associated with a reduced inflammatory infiltrate characterized by the impaired recruitment of several leukocyte populations including NK cells. Bone marrow chimeras showed that CCRL2 expression by the nonhematopoietic cell compartment was responsible for the increased tumor formation observed in Kras-mutant Ccrl2-deficient mice. In human and mouse lungs, CCRL2 was expressed by a fraction of CD31+ endothelial cells, where it could control NK infiltration. Elevated CCRL2 expression in biopsies from human lung adenocarcinoma positively correlated with clinical outcome. These results provide evidence for a crucial role of CCRL2 in shaping an anti–lung tumor immune response.
Clinical Outcomes and Economic Impact of Starting Hemodialysis with a Catheter after Predialysis Arteriovenous Fistula Creation
Authors: Al-Balas Alian , Shariff Saad , Lee Timmy , Young Carlton , Allon Michael 
Published: September 2019

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Patients with advanced chronic kidney disease frequently undergo arteriovenous fistula creation prior to reaching end-stage renal disease (ESRD), but some initiate hemodialysis with a central vein catheter, if their fistula is not yet usable. The clinical consequences of the delay in fistula use have not been quantified in such patients. We compared patients with pre-ESRD fistula surgery who initiated dialysis with a catheter versus a fistula in terms of the frequency of post-dialysis vascular access procedures and complications and their economic impact. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We identified 205 patients with predialysis fistula creation from 2006 to 2012 at a large dialysis center who started hemodialysis within the ensuing 2 years. Of these, 91 (44%) initiated dialysis with a catheter and 114 (56%) with a fistula. We compared these 2 groups in terms of their annual frequency of percutaneous vascular access procedures, surgical access procedures, total access procedures, hospitalizations due to catheter-related bacteremia, and overall cost of vascular access management. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The 2 groups were similar in demographics, comorbidities, and fistula type. As compared to patients initiating dialysis with a fistula, those initiating with a catheter had a significantly greater annual frequency of percutaneous access procedures (1.29 [1.19–1.40] vs. 0.75 [0.68–0.82]), surgical access procedures (0.69 [0.61–0.76] vs. 0.59 [0.53–0.66]), total access procedures (1.98 [1.86–2.11] vs. 1.34 [1.26–1.44]), and hospitalizations due to catheter-related bacteremia (0.09 [0.07–0.12] vs. 0.02 [0.01–0.03]). Patients initiating dialysis with a catheter incurred a median overall annual cost of access management that was USD 2,669 higher (USD 6,372 [3,121–12,242) vs. USD 3,703 [1,867–6,953], <i>p</i> = 0.0001). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Among patients with predialysis fistula creation, those initiating dialysis with a catheter versus a fistula had substantially more frequent percutaneous, surgical, and total vascular access procedures, as well as hospitalizations due to catheter-related bacteremia. The annual cost of access management was substantially higher in those initiating dialysis with a catheter.