bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Consensus Development of a Modern Ontology of Emergency Department Presenting Problems—The Hierarchical Presenting Problem Ontology (HaPPy)
Authors: Horng Steven , Greenbaum Nathaniel R. , Nathanson Larry A. , McClay James C. , Goss Foster R. , Nielson Jeffrey A. 
Published: June 2019

Objective Numerous attempts have been made to create a standardized “presenting problem” or “chief complaint” list to characterize the nature of an emergency department visit. Previous attempts have failed to gain widespread adoption as they were not freely shareable or did not contain the right level of specificity, structure, and clinical relevance to gain acceptance by the larger emergency medicine community. Using real-world data, we constructed a presenting problem list that addresses these challenges.
Materials and Methods We prospectively captured the presenting problems for 180,424 consecutive emergency department patient visits at an urban, academic, Level I trauma center in the Boston metro area. No patients were excluded. We used a consensus process to iteratively derive our system using real-world data. We used the first 70% of consecutive visits to derive our ontology, followed by a 6-month washout period, and the remaining 30% for validation. All concepts were mapped to Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine–Clinical Terms (SNOMED CT).
Results Our system consists of a polyhierarchical ontology containing 692 unique concepts, 2,118 synonyms, and 30,613 nonvisible descriptions to correct misspellings and nonstandard terminology. Our ontology successfully captured structured data for 95.9% of visits in our validation data set.
Discussion and Conclusion We present the HierArchical Presenting Problem ontologY (HaPPy). This ontology was empirically derived and then iteratively validated by an expert consensus panel. HaPPy contains 692 presenting problem concepts, each concept being mapped to SNOMED CT. This freely sharable ontology can help to facilitate presenting problem-based quality metrics, research, and patient care.
Value of Fibrinogen to Discriminate Appendicitis from Nonspecific Abdominal Pain in Preschool Children
Authors: Gómez-Veiras Javier , Salgado-Barreira Ángel , Vázquez José Luis , Montero-Sánchez Margarita , Fernández-Lorenzo José Ramón , Prada-Arias Marcos 
Published: June 2019

Introduction The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic value of the biomarker fibrinogen (FB), along with the markers white blood cell (WBC) count, absolute neutrophil count (ANC), and C-reactive protein (CRP), to discriminate appendicitis from nonspecific abdominal pain (NSAP) in preschool children.
Materials and Methods We prospectively evaluated all children aged <5 years admitted for suspected appendicitis at an academic pediatric emergency department during 5 years. Diagnostic accuracy of FB (prothrombin time–derived method), WBC, ANC, and CRP were assessed by the area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver-operating characteristic curve.
Results A total of 82 patients were enrolled in the study (27 NSAP, 17 uncomplicated, and 38 complicated appendicitides). WBC and ANC had moderate diagnostic accuracy for appendicitis versus NSAP (WBC: AUC 0.66, ANC: AUC 0.67). CRP and FB had good diagnostic accuracy for appendicitis versus NSAP (CRP: AUC 0.78, FB: AUC 0.77). WBC and ANC are not useful to discriminate complicated versus uncomplicated appendicitis (WBC: AUC 0.43, ANC: AUC 0.45). CPR and FB had good diagnostic accuracy for complicated versus uncomplicated appendicitis (CRP: AUC 0.80, FB: AUC 0.73).
Conclusion CRP and FB are more useful than WBC and ANC to discriminate appendicitis from NSAP in preschool children. CRP and FB are especially useful to discriminate complicated from uncomplicated appendicitis and NSAP. In a child with suspected appendicitis, a plasma FB level (prothrombin time–derived method) >540 mg/dL is associated with an increased likelihood of complicated appendicitis.
The Association between Travel Time and Prenatal Care Attendance
Authors: Maldonado Lauren Y. , Fryer Kimberly E. , Tucker Christine M. , Stuebe Alison M. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Objective This study aimed to evaluate the association between a patient's travel time to clinic and her prenatal care attendance.
Study Design We conducted a retrospective cohort study of women (≥18 years) who received prenatal care and delivered at North Carolina Women's Hospital between July 1, 2014, and June 30, 2016 (n = 2,808 women, 24,021 appointments). We queried demographic data from the electronic medical record and calculated travel time with ArcGIS. Multinomial logistic regression models estimated the association between travel time and attendance, adjusted for sociodemographic covariates.
Results For every 10 minutes of additional travel time, women were 1.05 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02–1.08, p < 0.001) times as likely to arrive late and 1.03 (95% CI: 1.01–1.04, p < 0.001) times as likely to cancel appointments than arrive on time. Travel time did not significantly affect a patient's likelihood of not showing for appointments. Non-Hispanic black patients were 71% more likely to arrive late and 51% more likely to not show for appointments than non-Hispanic white patients (p < 0.05). Publicly insured women were 28% more likely to arrive late to appointments and 82% more likely to not show for appointments than privately insured women (p < 0.05).
Conclusion Changes to transportation availability alone may only modestly affect outcomes compared with strategically improving access for sociodemographically marginalized women.
Quantitative imaging of anion exchange kinetics in halide perovskites
Authors: Zhang Ye , Lu Dylan , Gao Mengyu , Lai Minliang , Lin Jia , Lei Teng , Lin Zhenni , Quan Li Na , Yang Peidong 
Published: June 2019

Significance
Fundamental understanding of chemical transformation mechanism in solid-state semiconductors can offer guidelines for engineering these materials with various functionalities. Microscopically resolving such transformation process on the single-particle level can provide a direct picture of the dynamics, but has always been challenging due to the deficiencies of characterization techniques and material dimensions. This work presents a unique design on realizing the quantitative imaging of anion exchange reaction kinetics in halide perovskites by taking advantage of their high and tunable photoluminescence and characteristic lattice dynamics, coupled with controllable chemical treatments and optical microscopic techniques. Our study on kinetically visualizing ion exchange behavior in solid-state materials could also inspire mechanistic insights into other phenomena in a broad context of physical science.
Morality, moral order, and language conflict and aggression
Authors: Kádár Dániel Z. , Parvaresh Vahid , Ning Puyu 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIn this position paper, we provide an overview of what we regard as the most important features of the relationship between the moral order and morality in the context of language conflict and aggression. While in previous pragmatic research the concepts of morality and moral order have been rarely brought together, we illustrate that they are inseparable, in particular in the context of conflict and aggression. We propose an analytic model – with replicability in mind – which captures the dynamic relationship between these phenomena: the model is centred on the idea that perceived (a) violations of the moral order, (b) breaches of moral norms, principles and ideologies, (c) conflict and (d) aggression constitute a cluster. The explanatory power of this dynamics resides in the fact that it can account for a variety of seemingly unrelated scenarios, such as conflicts triggered by the violation of interactional norms vs. rites of moral aggression. Along with detailing the model, we explore the relationship between various methodologies through which one can examine morality and the moral order in the context of language conflict and aggression.
Everyday incivility and the urban interaction order
Authors: Horgan Mervyn 
Published: June 2019

AbstractTreating uncivil encounters as breaches of the ritual contract of civil inattention (Goffman 1963), this article connects ritualized interaction between strangers in everyday life and the production and maintenance of moral order more generally. The ongoing enactment of the ritual of civil inattention maintains and characterizes the particular kind of moral order that strangers collectively produce in urban public spaces.Drawing on select empirical materials – from unsolicited commentary to queue-jumping – gathered under the auspices of the Researching Incivility in Everyday Life (RIEL) Project this article builds upon the ‘everyday incivilities’ approach pioneered bySmith, Phillips and King (2010)to examine moral dimensions of everyday encounters between strangers. Preliminary analysis of the RIEL data indicates that ritual dimensions of interaction between strangers in public space provide interactants withmoral affordances, that is, opportunities to align themselves with an idealized moral order through projective moral action.
Lexical change often begins and ends in semantic
peripheries
Authors: Vejdemo Susanne 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The article discusses semantic change and lexical replacement
processes in the color domain, based on color naming studies in seven Germanic
languages (where diachronic intra-linguistic development is inferred from
cross-linguistic synchronic studies) and from different generations of speakers
in a single language (Swedish). Change in the color domain often begins and ends
in conceptual peripheries, and I argue that this perspective is suitable for
other semantic domains as well.
Using data-mining to identify and study patterns in lexical
innovation on the web
Authors: Kerremans Daphné , Prokić Jelena , Würschinger Quirin , Schmid Hans-Jörg 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This paper presents the NeoCrawler – a tailor-made webcrawler,
which identifies and retrieves neologisms from the Internet and systematically
monitors the use of detected neologisms on the web by means of weekly searches.
It enables researchers to use the web as a corpus in order to investigate the
dynamics of lexical innovation on a large-scale and systematic basis. The
NeoCrawler represents an innovative web-mining tool which opens up new
opportunities for linguists to tackle a number of unresolved and
under-researched issues in the field of lexical innovation. This paper presents
the design as well as the most important characteristics of two modules, the
Discoverer and the Observer, with regard to the usage-based study of lexical
innovation and diffusion.
Cognitive constraints in English lexical blending
Authors: Kjellander Daniel 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe complex characteristics of lexical blending have long troubled mainstream word formation research to the extent that it has typically been considered a peripheral issue in linguistics. In recent years this has begun to change, and there is currently a growing body of evidence uncovering the intriguing nature of this word formation process. In the present study, underlying principles and usage-based aspects of lexical blends were examined. Analyses of derivatives of three matrix words,republican, liberal, andvegetarian, revealed the impact of three cognitive constraints on the use of lexical blends: schema transfer effects, neighborhood effects, and effects of the influence from morphological lexicalization. The first constraint fueled blend formation, while the other two displayed a hampering effect on the use of lexical blending. Furthermore, a study of the word class distribution in the datasets showed that there were significant differences in the grammar of lexical blending and compounding, respectively.
Oxygen and potassium vacancies in KTP calculated from first principles
Authors: Bocchini A , Neufeld S , Gerstmann U , Schmidt W G 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The atomic geometry and energetics of oxygen and potassium vacancies in potassium titanyl phosphate (KTP) as well as their electronic and optical properties are studied within density-functional theory in dependence of their charge state. Oxygen vacancies formed between Ti and P are characterized by a negative-U behavior. Their neutral charge state is favored for Fermi levels near the conduction band and gives rise to a defect level in the band gap, which leads to an additional optical absorption peak. In contrast, the two-fold positive charge state, stable for low and intermediate values of the Fermi level, modifies the KTP optical response only slightly. Oxygen vacancies formed between two Ti atoms are two-fold positively charged, while potassium vacancies are negatively charged irrespective of the Fermi level position. In both these cases, the KTP optical response is essentially not affected.
High-resolution mapping of aboveground biomass for forest carbon monitoring system in the Tri-State region of Maryland, Pennsylvania and Delaware, USA
Authors: Huang Wenli , Dolan Katelyn , Swatantran Anu , Johnson Kristofer , Tang Hao , O’Neil-Dunne Jarlath , Dubayah Ralph , Hurtt George 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAccurate estimation of forest aboveground biomass at high-resolution continues to remain a challenge and long-term goal for carbon monitoring and accounting systems. Here, we present an exhaustive evaluation and validation of a robust, replicable and scalable framework that maps forest aboveground biomass over large areas at fine-resolution by linking airborne lidar and field data with machine learning algorithms. We developed this framework over multiple phases of bottom-up monitoring efforts within NASA’s Carbon Monitoring Program. Lidar data were collected by different local and federal agencies and provided a wall-to-wall coverage of three states in the USA (Maryland, Pennsylvania and Delaware with a total area of 157 865 km2). We generated a set of standardized forestry metrics from lidar-derived imagery (i.e. canopy height model, CHM) to minimize inconsistency of data quality. We then estimated plot-scale biomass from field data that had the closet acquisition time to lidar data, and linked to lidar metrics using Random Forest models at four USDA Forest Service ecological regions. Additionally, we examined pixel-scale errors using independent field plot measurements across these ecoregions. Collectively, we estimate a total of ∼680 Tg C in aboveground biomass over the Tri-State region (13 DE, 103 MD, 564 PA) circa 2011. A comparison with existing products at pixel-, county-, and state-scale highlighted the contribution of trees over ‘non-forested’ areas, including urban trees and small patches of trees, an important biomass component largely omitted by previous studies due to insufficient spatial resolution. Our results indicated that integrating field data and low point density (∼1 pt m−2) airborne lidar can generate large-scale aboveground biomass products at an accuracy close to mainstream lidar forestry applications (R2 = 0.46–0.54, RMSE = 51.4–54.7 Mg ha−1; andR2 = 0.33–0.61, RMSE = 65.3–100.9 Mg ha−1; independent validation). Local, high-resolution lidar-derived biomass maps such as products from this study, provide a valuable bottom-up reference to improve the analysis and interpretation of large-scale mapping efforts and future development of a national carbon monitoring system.
Characterising the relationship between forest dependent peoples and state forest management institutions in the Global South
Authors: Vasan Sudha , Mehta Varsha , Tribhuvan Prasenjeet 
Published: June 2019

AbstractRelationships are the elementary forms of social life that animate structures and processes between and among individuals, groups and institutions, and are in turn transformed by them. Relationships between forest dependent peoples (FP) and state forest management institutions (FD) are central to forestry practice yet seldom the focus of research studies. Whereas decentralization and participatory institutions have received much attention in research and practice, relationships that underpin them have remained largely unaddressed. This paper utilizes an adaptation of the systematic review method to synthesize findings on the nature of this relationship in the Global South. We reviewed 135 articles published between 1997 and 2017, selected following a systematic article search and selection protocol on JSTOR and Google Scholar. History, as expected, is a living referent in shaping contemporary relations, accounting for tremendous diversity across the Global South. We identified key concepts from literature across this diversity, and synthesized them using five overlapping thematic codes: (a) asymmetries of power; (b) access to and control over productive resources; (c) knowledge, perceptions and attitudes; (d) stratification and heterogeneity; and (e) external influences. Numerical analysis of article meta-data revealed that research is attentive to the FP–FD relationship primarily in the context of decentralization or community participatory policies and projects. Well-designed policies, projects, institutions and effective individuals create opportunities for partial, temporary and symbolic transformation in the FP–FD relationship. However, structural power asymmetry between FD and FP, historically established, and reproduced through social inequalities and hierarchies, sustains. The content of social relationships overflow sector specific transformations. Reflecting on the scope of systematic review as method in synthesis of qualitative research, we found that although loss of context specificity is a disadvantage, systematic review can be productively adapted to explore neglected issues as we do in our study with relationships, through analysis of empirical data in studies with other objectives.
A Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process Approach for Determining the Criteria Success Factors of MRT Parts’ e-Procurement: the Case of Jakarta MRT Project
Authors: Hartanto T , Ginting M , Sunardi O 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) project is conducted by the central government in cooperation with the provincial government of DKI Jakarta and supported by the Japanese government through Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA). The government goal is to create good e-Governance for the MRT project, and together initiate the use of e-Supply Chain Management (e-SCM), especially the e-Procurement, for the entire project. Technological innovation which is collaborated within the e-SCM becomes a very important aspect to support the e-Governance. This paper aims to determine the criteria and sub-criteria of success of the implementation of MRT parts’ e-Procurement, and to determine the priorities of the MRT parts’ e-Procurement process for the provincial government of DKI Jakarta. Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process was employed to explore and simulate the level of importance of criteria and sub-criteria, in relations with the successful implementation of e-Procurement in MRT project. Top management commitment was found to be the most influential criteria by 0.334, followed by government policy and regulation (0.305), technology infrastructure (0.176), value acquisition (0.103), and suppliers’ relations (0.082).
The Survey on the Perception of Safety and Security Culture for Nuclear Workers
Authors: Prabaswari Atyanti Dyah , Dharmastiti Rini 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
A survey was developed to evaluate employee perceptions of the safety culture and culture of nuclear security. The survey was made up of 52 questions divided into 13 factors: leadership, involvement of employee, work environment, employee competence, management commitment, procedures, leader attitude, training and qualifications, employee attitude, implementation and operation, integrated safety, self-assessment, belief. The survey was conducted on 125 employees working in nuclear area. A survey were conducted between February and May 2016. A numerical value was given to each question, so that the results of the survey were represented as a score. The data reveal that age group 60-69 years dominate by having the best perception on 6 factors. The overall value of factors, the company is included in rank B. The relationship between the long term period of working and to the value of rank does not show the relationship trend. MANOVA analysis showed that if multivariate test was done together, the thirteen factors did not show any differences on the group lenght of working. However, if analyzed individually, it turns out the Training and Qualification factors have different effects on the group of long term period of working.
Design of Mechanical Roasting Machine using Ergonomic Approach to Increase Productivity of Small Medium Enterprise: A Research at Opak Craftsmen in Sumedang
Authors: Tripiawan W , Amani Husni , El Hadi R M , Sagita B H , Martini S 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The object of this research is small and medium micro enterprises that make sticky “Opak” with a manual process. The process of ripening food by roasting, where food is placed on a ram wire that is placed on top of the fire stove. The quality of the opaque produced is very dependent on the skills of the employees and the accuracy of flipping through the opaque to obtain good results. In fact, the opaque quality of roasting results varies. Besides, limited production results, causing high demand from customers often cannot be fulfilled by the “Opak” craftsmen. To overcome this problem, the research team designed ripening of glutinous “Opak” with roller method. This sticky rice opaque machine with roller method uses electric power with a low-speed level, so the craftsmen can easily control the maturity level of food ingredients. With the making of the “Opak” sticking machine in the roller method, it is expected that the ripening process can be done with a machine and the maturity level can be uniform; so that the production process is not limited by employee skills; and customer requests can be met.
Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (Fuzzy FMEA) Implementation for Forklift Risk Management in Manufacturing Company PT.XYZ
Authors: Suryoputro Muhammad Ragil , Khairizzahra  , Sari Amarria Dila , Widiatmaka Nawang Wahyu 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Company improvements and evaluations must always be carried out by companies to improve company performances. One of the factors that influence the performance was the smooth production on machine performance. Good risk management was one of the keys to maintaining a smooth production process. This research was conducted at a manufacturing company, PT. XYZ, to carry out risk management on machines that had low performance. From the results of the quarterly report to the four parts of maintenance, the forklift was a machine and facility with the lowest NPM (Quality Performance Score-QPS). The method used in this research was Fuzzy FMEA (Failure Mode and Effect Analysis), in order to obtain priority in repair and maintenance of forklifts. The result of this study was that the failure mode of the hydraulic hose rupture got the highest FRPN (Fuzzy RPN) value of 631 so that the hydraulic part with the failure mode of the broken hydraulic hose was recommended to be the main focus in the repair and maintenance of the forklift. The result of using Fuzzy FMEA was more proposed as a reference focus to get more objective risk management compared to conventional FMEA results in machine repair and maintenance.