bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Distinct Evolutionary Nature of Two Class 0 Protostars in Serpens Main SMM4
Authors: Aso Yusuke , Hirano Naomi , Aikawa Yuri , Machida Masahiro N. , Takakuwa Shigehisa , Yen Hsi-Wei , Williams Jonathan P. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
We have observed the submillimeter continuum condensation SMM4 in Serpens Main using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array during its Cycle 3 in 1.3 mm continuum, 12CO J = 2–1, SO J

N
= 65–54, and C18O J = 2–1 lines at angular resolutions of ∼0.″55 (240 au). The 1.3 mm continuum emission shows that SMM4 is spatially resolved into two protostars embedded in the same core: SMM4A showing a high brightness temperature, 18 K, with little extended structure and SMM4B showing a low brightness temperature, 2 K, with compact and extended structures. Their separation is ∼2100 au. Analysis of the continuum visibilities reveals a disk-like structure with a sharp edge at r ∼ 240 au in SMM4A, and a compact component with a radius of 56 au in SMM4B. The 12CO emission traces fan-shaped and collimated outflows associated with SMM4A and SMM4B, respectively. The blue and red lobes of the SMM4B outflow have different position angles by ∼30°. Their inclination and bending angles in the 3D space are estimated at i

b
∼ 36°, i

r
∼ 70°, and α ∼ 40°, respectively. The SO emission traces shocked regions, such as cavity walls of outflows and the vicinity of SMM4B. The C18O emission mainly traces an infalling and rotating envelope around SMM4B. The C18O fractional abundance in SMM4B is ∼50 times smaller than that of the interstellar medium. These results suggest that SMM4A is more evolved than SMM4B. Our studies in Serpens Main demonstrate that continuum and line observations at millimeter wavelengths allow us to differentiate evolutionary phases of protostars within the Class 0 phase.
Acceleration of X-Ray Emitting Electrons in the Crab Nebula
Authors: Giacinti Gwenael , Kirk John G. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
We study particle acceleration at the termination shock of a striped pulsar wind by integrating trajectories in a prescribed model of the magnetic field and flow pattern. Drift motion on the shock surface maintains either electrons or positrons on “Speiser” orbits in a ring-shaped region close to the equatorial plane of the pulsar, enabling them to be accelerated to very high energy by the first-order Fermi mechanism. A power-law spectrum results:

, where α
e lies in the range −1.8 to −2.4 and depends on the downstream turbulence level. For sufficiently strong turbulence, we find α
e ≃ −2.2, and both the photon index and the flux of 1–100 keV X-rays from the Crab Nebula, as measured by NuSTAR, can be reproduced. The particle spectrum hardens to α
e ≃ −1.8 at lower turbulence levels, which may explain the hard photon index observed by the Chandra X-ray Observatory in the central regions of the Nebula.
Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) and Security and Defence Union (SDU) - Vitae parallelae?
Authors: Revelas Kyriakos 
Published: August 2018

Cette étude explore des analogies, parallélismes et liens entre intégration monétaire et intégration en matière de défense au sein de l’Union européenne à l’aide de plusieurs dimensions : le contenu de la politique et la logique inhérente de chaque instrument ; facteurs qui déclenchent le processus d’intégration et son organisation ; aspects institutionnels ; intégration différenciée et la place relative pour la construction européenne. Malgré le caractère fondamentalement différent de l’organisation des deux domaines (supranational et inter-gouvernemental, respectivement) on peut affirmer que l’esprit de la construction européenne influence la forme des débats, négociations et compromis, ce qui indique une sorte de fertilisation croisée entre domaines de politique. Étant donné le degré différent d’avancement, l’expérience de l’union économique et monétaire pourrait être analysée de façon à bénéficier la création de l’union de sécurité et de défense. L’étude évoque également des liens entre les deux domaines, l’écart entre dispositions du Traité et réalisations concrètes ainsi que le rôle du couple franco-allemand.
Coopération des équipes hospitalières avec les médecins et paramédicaux de ville
Authors: Le Cossec Chloé , Giacopelli Maud , de Chambine Sophie 
Published: August 2018

Objectif : Mettre en évidence à partir d’une enquête déclarative, les actions de coopération entre équipes hospitalières et professionnels de ville, puis proposer une classification des types de coopérations recensées. Méthodes : Questionnaire diffusé aux services des hôpitaux de l’Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris. Un descriptif de l’action et les interlocuteurs concernés étaient notamment à renseigner. Le découpage et la classification ont été faits par les trois auteurs avec tests de cohérence. Résultats : 261 actions ont été déclarées par 138 services de 39 disciplines. La pédiatrie, la psychiatrie et la gériatrie ont déclaré le plus d’actions. Les actions concernaient pour 37 % l’accès aux soins hospitaliers, pour 25 % la formation, pour 22 % la continuité des soins après une prise en charge hospitalière, pour 13 % le suivi partagé entre ville et hôpital et pour 3 % la santé publique (population générale). L’accès aux soins hospitaliers se répartissait entre la facilitation de la prise de rendez-vous, le recours à l’expertise hospitalière et des organisations particulières. La continuité entre la transmission d’informations et l’orientation des patients. Le suivi partagé pouvait se faire au niveau d’un patient ou par répartition a priori d’une population de malades. La formation pouvait être à l’initiative des hospitaliers, de la ville ou être le fruit d’une collaboration. Conclusions : Cette enquête ayant été réalisée dans un centre hospitalier universitaire, ne présente que les coopérations concernées par ce type d’établissement et ne couvre pas tout le champ des relations entre la ville et l’hôpital. Cependant, la classification proposée peut servir dans une perspective de recherche, d’étude préliminaire ou de stratégie d’établissement dans le développement des relations avec les professionnels de ville. Elle permet d’appréhender le concept de « relations ville-hôpital » d’une manière plus concrète et cohérente avec les approches des professionnels de terrain.
Trans-generational and within-generational effects of two macrocyclic lactones on tunneller and dweller dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae): a case study
Authors: Martínez M. I. , Kadiri N. , Gil Pérez Y. , Lumaret J.P. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractTwo distinct experiments were carried out to assess the trans-generational and within-generational effects of the parasiticides ivermectin and moxidectin to dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). In the first experiment, the fertility of Euoniticellus intermedius (Reiche) (Scarabaeinae) was assessed for individuals developing in dung containing 10 µg ivermectin/kg fresh dung, a residue concentration previously shown to be sublethal to larval development. Our results showed that the fertility of adults exposed to these residues as larvae was unaffected. In the second experiment, the fertility of Agrilinus constans (Duftschmid) (Aphodiinae) was determined after females were allowed to feed for three weeks on dung containing different concentrations of moxidectin residues (five concentrations ranging from 0.32–32.00 mg/kg dry dung). The fertility of females was not affected, regardless of the concentration to which they were exposed, even when they were exposed to high moxidectin residues that killed all the offspring. The combined findings of these two experiments emphasise that sublethal effects should be included in models that assess the nontarget effects of faecal residues to insects breeding in dung of livestock treated with veterinary medicinal products.
Industry expectations of supply chain management graduates: Perspectives from third-party logistics providers in South Africa
Authors: Allden Marc , Niemann Wesley , Kotzé Theuns 
Published: August 2018

Background: There is currently a skills mismatch between what the third-party logistics (3PL) industry expects from new supply chain management graduates and what the educational system supplies. As the traditional roles of 3PLs are changing, subsequently increasing their importance within the supply chain industry, supplying graduates with the necessary skills becomes even more critical.Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine what the South African 3PL industry expects from new graduates with a bachelor’s degree in supply chain management or related fields in relation to skills, personal attributes and knowledge.Method: A generic qualitative research design was used to collect data from 12 participants using semi-structured interviews.Results: It was found that academic institutions equip new graduates adequately with knowledge, but not with the expected skills. Furthermore, the findings confirmed the current literature, while also identifying additional expectations. 3PLs expect new graduates to perform various activities throughout the supply chain, such as warehousing and transport activities, while simultaneously using their technological knowledge and abilities to improve different processes within the supply chain. This requires new graduates to be creative, innovative and analytical and to have advanced communication skills. Therefore, supply chain management programmes should provide graduates with more exposure and experiences in real-life supply chain settings.Conclusion: The findings allow for academic institutions to revise and adapt their curricula to meet the need of more practical skills development.
Discrete Multilinear Spherical Averages
Authors: Cook Brian 
Published: August 2018

AbstractIn this note we give a characterization of
$\ell ^{p}\times \cdots \times \ell ^{p}\rightarrow \ell ^{q}$
boundedness of maximal operators associated with multilinear convolution averages over spheres in
$\mathbb{Z}^{n}$
.
Revolatilisation of soil-accumulated pollutants triggered by the summer monsoon in India
Authors: Lammel Gerhard , Degrendele Céline , Gunthe Sachin S. , Mu Qing , Muthalagu Akila , Audy Ondřej , Biju Chelackal V. , Kukučka Petr , Mulder Marie D. , Octaviani Mega , Příbylová Petra , Shahpoury Pourya , Stemmler Irene , Valsan Aswathy E. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract. Persistent organic pollutants that have accumulated in soils can be
remobilised by volatilisation in response to chemical equilibrium with the
atmosphere. Clean air masses from the Indian Ocean, advected with the onset
of the summer monsoon, are found to reduce concentrations of
hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and its
derivatives, endosulfan and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in air at a
mountain site (all in the range 5–20 pg m−3) by 77 %, 70 %, 82 % and 45 %,
respectively. The analysis of fugacities in soil and air suggest that the
arrival of summer monsoon triggers net volatilisation or enhances ongoing
revolatilisation of the now-banned chemicals HCH and PCBs from
background soils in southern India. The response of the air–soil exchange was
modelled using a regional air pollution model, WRF-Chem PAH/POP. The results
suggest that the air is increasingly polluted during transport by the
south-westerly monsoon winds across the subcontinent. Using a multidecadal
multimedia mass balance model, it is found that air–surface exchange of HCH
and DDT have declined since the ban of these substances from agriculture, but
remobilisation of higher chlorinated PCBs may have reached a historical
high, 40 years after peak emission.
Infâncias e mídias: atenção às vozes infantis
Authors: De Matos Lins Heloísa Andreia , Reis Genuíno Renata , Ferroni Branquinho Helena 
Published: August 2018

O presente artigo destaca elementos de dois estudos empíricos com crianças entre 4 e 12 anos, da cidade de Campinas/ São Paulo, Brasil, mapeando suas relações com as mídias e problematizando representações comuns em torno das mesmas, fundamentalmente a partir do aporte teórico centrado na chamada pedagogia da infância e das possíveis aproximações entre a sociologia da infância e a psicologia histórico-cultural. Ambas as pesquisas foram tecidas com referenciais qualitativos, tendo como principais instrumentos de produção de dados as conversas com as crianças, alguns adultos (pais ou professores) e/ou observação em campo (registros fotográficos das brincadeiras e anotações em caderno de campo). Os principais aspectos analisados, a partir da escuta das crianças, revelam uma complexidade de elementos para a construção de indicadores nesse sentido. No entanto, também destacam que os artefatos digitais e/ou o contato com as mídias configuram marcas importantes no que se refere à constituição e pluralidade das infâncias - seus desejos, brinquedos, criações e fantasias - ora semelhantes às gerações anteriores, ora completamente distintas, lançando os pesquisadores e educadores em novos caminhos investigativos.
Vinasse application and cessation of burning in sugarcane management can have positive impact on soil carbon stocks
Authors: Zani Caio F. , Barneze Arlete S. , Robertson Andy D. , Keith Aidan M. , Cerri Carlos E.P. , McNamara Niall P. , Cerri Carlos C. 
Published: August 2018

Bioenergy crops, such as sugarcane, have the potential to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions through fossil fuel substitution. However, increased sugarcane propagation and recent management changes have raised concerns that these practices may deplete soil carbon (C) stocks, thereby limiting the net greenhouse gas benefit. In this study, we use both a measured and modelled approach to evaluate the impacts of two common sugarcane management practices on soil C sequestration potential in Brazil. We explore how transitions from conventional (mineral fertiliser/burning) to improved (vinasse application/unburned) practices influence soil C stocks in total and in physically fractionated soil down to one metre. Results suggest that vinasse application leads to an accumulation of soil C of 0.55 Mg ha−1yr−1 at 0–30 cm depth and applying unburned management led to gains of ∼0.7 Mg ha−1yr−1 at 30–60 cm depth. Soil C concentration in the Silt+Clay fraction of topsoil (0–20 cm) showed higher C content in unburned management but it did not differ under vinasse application. The CENTURY model was used to simulate the consequences of management changes beyond the temporal extent of the measurements. Simulations indicated that vinasse was not the key factor driving increases in soil C stocks but its application may be the most readily available practice to prevent the soil C losses under burned management. Furthermore, cessation of burning may increase topsoil C by 40% after ∼50 years. These are the first data comparing different sugarcane management transitions within a single area. Our findings indicate that both vinasse application and the cessation of burning can play an important role in reducing the time required for sugarcane ethanol production to reach a net C benefit (payback time).
A method to predict patient‐specific table coordinates for quality assurance in external beam radiation therapy
Authors: Saenz Daniel L. , Astorga Nestor Rodrigo , Kirby Neil , Fakhreddine Mohamad , Rasmussen Karl , Stathakis Sotirios , Papanikolaou Niko 
Published: August 2018

AbstractPurposeWhile external beam radiotherapy treatment planning determines nearly every mechanical and dosimetric parameter of the linear accelerator (LINAC), the table coordinates in all three dimensions are generally unknown until initial patient setup at the LINAC. Knowing these parameters in advance could help verify the direction of patient shifts and prevent wrong‐site errors. This study aims to determine the feasibility and accuracy of table coordinate prediction for indexed immobilization devices.MethodsA total of 303 table coordinates were predicted for patients on Varian and Elekta linear accelerators with immobilization devices including Orfit mask with baseplate, wingboard, breastboard and BodyFix. Predictions were made for all three spatial dimensions except for Body Fix setups due to the lack of a radiographically apparent indexing‐related landmark. Coordinates were predicted by measuring baseline table coordinates in all dimensions at specified landmark positions.ResultsPredictions were accurate within 2 cm for 86% of coordinates (71% within 1 cm). Table coordinates were predicted most accurately for head and neck patients with a base plate and the most difficult prediction was in the lateral direction for breastboard patients.ConclusionsWith proper indexing, table coordinates can be predicted with reasonable accuracy. The data suggest an action of level of 2 cm with certain exceptions for specific immobilization devices and directions.
Doping Effects and Charge‐Transfer Dynamics at Hybrid Perovskite/Graphene Interfaces
Authors: Brus Viktor V. , Lang Felix , Fengler Steffen , Dittrich Thomas , Rappich Jörg , Nickel Norbert H. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractIn this work doping effects and charge transfer processes at the perovskite/graphene interface in the dark and under illumination are investigated. Hall effect, field effect, and surface photovoltage measurements suggest that hybrid perovskite layers induce strong n‐type doping of graphene after annealing at low temperature (330 K) in vacuum. It is found that the observed photoinduced changes in the electronic properties of graphene, functionalized by a hybrid organic–inorganic perovskite layer, are caused by two independent mechanisms with different time scales: (i) a fast collection of photogenerated holes by graphene from the perovskite layer and (ii) a slow ion rearrangement in the perovskite lattice at the perovskite/graphene interface. The observed annealing‐induced n‐type and photoinduced p‐type doping effects allow to reversibly switch the type of conduction of the perovskite/graphene system.
Formation of Liquid–Liquid Micropatterns through Guided Liquid Displacement on Liquid‐Infused Surfaces
Authors: Paulssen Dorothea , Feng Wenqian , Pini Ivana , Levkin Pavel A. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractHere a method is demonstrated to pattern liquids of varying surface tension and composition into droplets by utilizing slippery liquid‐infused surfaces prepared on chemically‐patterned substrates. The capability of different liquids to displace the lubricant from higher surface energy regions is studied and it is shown that both high and low surface tension liquids can imbibe the polymer, thereby forming droplets sharply following underlying surface energy patterns. For all liquids tested, droplet arrays of arbitrary shapes of each liquid are formed with precision down to 50 µm. By changing the chemical patterning from fluorinated to aliphatic groups, patterns of mineral and silicone oils are created. Finally, formation of 2D micropatterns of three‐phase liquid systems—fluorinated, organic, and aqueous phases—is demonstrated.
Advances of TiO2 as Negative Electrode Materials for Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Wang Weigang , Liu Yu , Wu Xu , Wang Jing , Fu Lijun , Zhu Yusong , Wu Yuping , Liu Xiang 
Published: August 2018

AbstractTiO2 is a naturally abundant material with versatile polymorphs, which has been investigated in various fields, such as photocatalysis, electrochromic devices, lithium‐ion batteries, amongst others. Due to the similar (but not identical) chemistry between lithium and sodium, TiO2 is considered as an interesting potential negative electrode material for sodium ion batteries (SIBs) and is being investigated in fundamental studies for potential applications. The recent advances of TiO2 as negative electrode materials for SIBs are reviewed herein. Different electrochemical behaviors of TiO2 toward lithium and sodium are introduced. The (de)sodiation mechanism and physical parameters influencing the electrochemical performance are discussed. In addition, the strategies to improve the kinetic behavior, cycling stability, and coulombic efficiency of TiO2 negative electrode material for SIBs are reviewed. Beyond the great improvement of its electrochemical performance achieved, other challenges of TiO2 negative electrode material for SIBs remain. These challenges need to be addressed through a comprehensive understanding of its electrochemical behavior in SIBs. This review will be beneficial to the advancement of TiO2 for SIBs and other applications.
Rational Design, Controlled Fabrication, and Photonic Applications of Organic Composite Nanomaterials
Authors: Zhang Chunhuan , Dong Haiyun , Zhao Yong Sheng 
Published: August 2018

AbstractNanophotonics, which mainly studies the light–matter interaction at the (sub)wavelength scale, has recently captured broad research interest because photons as information carriers may allow information density and processing speed surpassing the feasibility of the electronics. With easy processability, large optical cross‐section, and chemically tailorable optical property, organic materials have acted an important role in various photonic devices. More importantly, organic molecules possess structure versatility and excellent material compatibility, which is very beneficial for the construction of composite nanomaterials from different photofunctional organic molecules. These multicomponent microstructures are very significant not only for the investigation on basic principles of photochemistry and photophysics, but also for the realization of complex/integrated functional photonic devices. Therefore, more and more scientific researches have concentrated on the preparation and photonic applications of organic composite nanomaterials, which significantly promotes the development of the field of nanophotonics. A summary of this research area is imperative for a deep understanding on the growth/fabrication mechanism and structure–property relationship of organic composite nanomaterials, which will be instructive for the photonic function oriented nanoarchitectonics. In this review, the recent significant progress in the design and development of organic composite nanomaterials is presented, with emphasis on the rational preparation and photonic applications.
Dramatically Enhanced Photoluminescence from Femtosecond Laser Induced Micro‐/Nanostructures on MAPbBr3 Single Crystal Surface
Authors: Xing Jun , Zheng Xin , Yu Zhi , Lei Yuhao , Hou Lei , Zou Yuting , Zhao Chen , Wang Bin , Yu Haotian , Pan Dexin , Zhai Yuechen , Cheng Jinluo , Zhou Ding , Qu Songnan , Yang Jianjun , Ganeev Rashid A. , Yu Weili , Guo Chunlei 
Published: August 2018

AbstractSingle crystal perovskites are used in solar cells, photodetectors, and other devices due to their excellent light absorption and carrier transport characteristics. However, for light‐emitting applications, photoluminescence (PL) is usually weak for MAPbBr3 (MA = CH3NH3+) single crystals (MBSCs) compared with their polycrystalline counterpart. Therefore, developing novel techniques to process MBSCs with different morphologies for PL‐related applications is greatly needed. The current strategies for making perovskite crystals are mostly based on bottom‐up method (chemical synthesis and assembling). Here, an easy method to achieve top‐down fabrication of MBSCs, i.e., femtosecond laser processing MBSC surface by controlling the laser parameters is demonstrated. The femtosecond laser processing technology can achieve two orders of magnitude enhancement under ambient conditions in PL. In addition, the processed regions also show three times enhancement in PL under nitrogen environment. It is assumed that this is mainly due to the texture based on photon recycling and light out‐coupling mechanism, and the passivation of surface recombination centers on MBSC. This study not only provides a convenient top‐down strategy to achieve a range of morphological micro‐/nanostructures with enhanced PL on MBSC surface, but also paves the way for applications of MBSCs in light emitting or PL imaging devices.