bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Core longitudinal momentum distributions in the stripping reactions of two-neutron halo nuclei
Authors: Souza L A , Frederico T , Bertulani C A 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The core longitudinal momentum distributions in two-neutron stripping reactions for halo nuclei of 20C and 22C are computed and compared to the experimental data obtained by detecting the core nucleus. The three-body wave function from the zero-range renormalized model is used as input in our calculations. We approximate the wave function of the projectile with a three-body structure, namely neutron-neutron-core, to an effective two-body one by integrating over neutron-neutron relative distance, such that the one has a core-dineutron wave function. The eikonal approximation is used in the description of the fragment-target interactions where the São Paulo optical potential is used for modeling the core-target and a Woods-Saxon potential is used for the dineutron-target interaction.
Evaluation of Personal Exposure to Surgical Smoke Generated from Electrocautery Instruments: A Pilot Study
Authors: Benson Stacey M , Maskrey Joshua R , Nembhard Melanie D , Unice Kenneth M , Shirley Mark A , Panko Julie M 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Hospital technician surgical smoke exposures during several types of electrocautery-based procedures were evaluated. Personal and area air sampling was performed for 106 individual analytes including ultrafine particulate matter (UFP), volatile organic compounds, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, phenol, aldehydes, carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide, and hydrogen cyanide. Acetone, d-limonene, ethanol, ethyl acetate, and fluorene were measured in surgical suites at concentrations 1.1- to 3.7-fold higher than those observed in background. Benzene, α-pinene, methylene chloride, and n-hexane were measured in the absence of a detectable background concentration. All analytes were measured at concentrations that were <1% of the corresponding US federal and state 8-h permissible exposure limits (PELs), if PELs existed. Full-shift average UFP concentrations ranged from 773 to 2257 particles/cm3, approximately one order of magnitude higher than surgical suite background concentrations. A comparison of two breast reduction procedures suggested that the use of smoke evacuators reduced UFP exposure by 6-fold. We concluded that selection and evaluation of key hazards, particularly UFP, under a variety of experimental conditions would be beneficial to elucidate potential health effects and causes osf employee complaints. Recommendations for successful sampling campaigns in future surgical smoke occupational exposure studies are provided. We also recommend the continued use of engineering controls, local exhaust ventilation, and surgical N95 respirators to reduce personal exposures to UFP in surgical smoke.
The Effects of Vibration and Pressure Treatments in the Early Postoperative Period of Rhinoplasty
Authors: Taş Süleyman 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Background
The early postoperative period can be distressing for the patients undergoing rhinoplasty since edema and ecchymosis are common complications.

Objectives
To analyze the effects of the vibration and pressure treatments in the early postoperative period of rhinoplasty.

Methods
Sixty patients, who had undergone rhinoplasty, were randomized into 3 groups: group 1 (control group, n = 20) received classic nasal casting, group 2 (n = 20) received nasal cast with an elastic bandage to hold it on the face, and group 3 (n = 20) received vibration treatment in addition to that in group 2 following the rhinoplasty. They were evaluated preoperatively and postoperatively at 3 and 7 days in a prospective study. The postoperative edema and ecchymosis were scored by 2 independent surgeons. The postoperative pain was measured using the visual analog scale, and the necessity of anti-inflammatory medication (and the dose needed) and the cast comfort was questioned. The sebaceous activity of the nose skin was examined. A preoperative and postoperative seventh day sonographic study was performed to evaluate the tissue edema objectively.

Results
The pressure treatment decreased the edema and ecchymosis significantly compared with the control group. The vibration treatment minimized edema, ecchymosis, sebaceous activity of the nose skin, pain score, and the need for anti-inflammatory medication, and increased the cast comfort significantly compared with the other groups (P &lt; 0.0001).

Conclusions
Rapid regression of edema and ecchymosis may be achieved using the vibrating nasal cast technique that may minimize patient discomfort, pain, and sebaceous activity following rhinoplasty.

Level of Evidence: 1
Evaluation of Sweetener Synergy in Humans by Isobole Analyses
Authors: Reyes M Michelle , Gravina Stephen A , Hayes John E 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe chemical senses and pharmaceuticals fundamentally depend on similar biological processes, but novel molecule discovery has classically been approached from vastly different vantage points. From the perspective of ingredient and flavor companies, there are countless ingredients that act via largely unknown mechanisms, whereas the pharmaceutical industry has numerous mechanisms in search of novel compounds. Mixtures of agonists can result in synergistic (superadditive) responses, which can be quantified via isobole analysis, a well-proven clinical approach in pharmacology. For the food and beverage industries, bulk (caloric) sweeteners like sugars are a key ingredient in sweetened foods and beverages, but consumers also desire products with fewer calories, which has led to the development of sweet enhancers and sweetener blends intended to achieve synergy or superadditivity. Synergistic mixtures are highly attractive targets commercially as they enable lower usage levels and enhanced efficacy. Although the psychophysical literature contains numerous prior reports of sweetener synergy, others have also noted that classical additive models fail to account for nonlinear dose-response functions. To address this shortcoming, here we systematically apply the isobole method from pharmacology to quantify the presence or absence of psychophysical synergy for binary pairs of sweeteners in a series of 15 separate experiments, each with ~100 adult volunteers (total n = 1576). Generally, these data support the hypothesis that structurally similar sweeteners acting as agonists will not synergize, whereas structurally dissimilar sweeteners binding to overlapping or distal sites can act as allosteric agonists or agonist-antagonists, respectively.
Immune Biomarkers in the Prediction of Future Myocardial Infarctions in People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Authors: Trevillyan Janine M , Moser Carlee , Currier Judith S , Sallam Tamer 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In a retrospective case control analysis, following adjustments for high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), traditional cardiovascular risk factors, and the CD4/CD8 T-cell ratio, higher lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP) was associated with future myocardial infarctions in hsCRP human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). LBP may be a marker of cardiovascular risk with utility in HIV.
Stronger trust and privacy in social networks via local cooperation1
Authors: Grining Krzysztof , Klonowski Marek , Sulkowska Malgorzata 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn our article, we present several protocols that allow to efficiently construct large groups of users based only on local relations of trust. What is more, our approach proves to need only very small computational and communication overhead. Moreover, we give guarantees that a trusted core of the network is defended, even facing a powerful adversary capable of controlling a vast majority of users. This is non-trivial property in real-life networks, as those are usually modelled using preferential attachment graphs, which are extremely prone to attacks on the hub nodes. We show that using our protocols we can achieve similar robustness as Erdős–Renyí graphs, which, on the contrary, are very resistant against attacks focused on chosen nodes. Our protocols have been tested on graphs representing real-world social networks using high performance computing due to the size of the networks. In addition for some protocols, we provided a formal analysis to prove some phenomena in random graphs following power-law distribution, which we use as a network model. Finally, we explicitly demonstrate how our approach can be used to amplify security offered by some privacy-preserving protocols. We believe however that our results can be also seen as a contribution to fundamental observation about the nature of social networks. These results may help to design protocols, whenever it is necessary to gather a big group of users in highly dynamic or even adversarial settings.
A case report of right ventricular compression from a septal haematoma during retrograde coronary intervention to a chronic total occlusion
Authors: Doshi Darshan , Hatem Raja , Masoumi Amirali , Karmapaliotis Dimitri 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Background
Septal haematomas causing left ventricular or biventricular outflow obstruction are rare but known complications of chronic total occlusion (CTO) percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and can be life-threatening.

Case summary
In this case, we describe the formation of a septal haematoma during retrograde CTO PCI. The patient was initially managed conservatively but became progressively unstable, for which she underwent coiling of the inflow and outflow of the septal perforator. Despite coiling, she developed near complete right ventricular outflow obstruction (based on echocardiography). She was successfully managed with a percutaneous right ventricle assist device, with subsequent resolution of the outflow obstruction.

Discussion
Septal haematomas with resultant outflow obstruction have been uniformly fatal. In our case, the use of a percutaneous right ventricle assist device was life-saving.
Septic thrombosis of internal jugular vein: a rare cause of uncontrollable hiccups
Authors: Sánchez-Gollarte Ana , Mugüerza-Huguet Jose María , Díez-Alonso Manuel Mariano , Ovejero-Merino Enrique , Mendoza-Moreno Fernando , Hernández-Juara Pilar , López-Ramos María Esther , Noguerales-Fraguas Fernando 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Septic thrombosis of the internal jugular vein is a possible complication related to central venous catheters. The enlargement of the diameter of the jugular vein can stimulate phrenic nerve causing hiccups and, septic thrombus can metastasize to different organs threating patient’s life. Diagnosis of septic thrombosis of internal jugular vein should be confirmed with a cervicothoracic CT-scan. Its management consists of catheter’s removal, antibiotic treatment and anticoagulation in high-risk patients. Surgical intervention might be considered if conservative treatment fails.
China's lunar and deep space exploration: touching the moon and exploring the universe
Authors: Zhao Weijie , Wang Chi 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The Chinese lunar probe Chang'e-4 (CE-4) landed in the Von Kármán crater within the South Pole–Aitken (SPA) basin on the far-side of the Moon on 3 January 2019. Following this, the moon rover Yutu-2 separated from the CE-4 lander and started its travels and exploration on the far-side of the Moon. Before this landing, humans had remotely observed the far-side of the Moon with lunar satellites. However, it was the first time that a man-made spacecraft had landed there and actually left behind wheel prints belonging to humanity.
Since China's Lunar Exploration Project (CLEP), or Chang'e Project, started in 2004, China has accomplished the first two steps of its three-step plan of ‘Orbiting, Landing and Returning’. CE-3 and CE-4 landed successfully on the near-side and far-side of the Moon, respectively. In the near future, CE-5 will land again on the near-side of the Moon and take lunar rock and soil samples back to Earth, thus completing the three-step plan of CLEP. In April 2019, National Science Review (NSR) interviewed three key figures of CLEP: CLEP Chief Engineer Weiren Wu (), the first CLEP Chief Scientist and CLEP senior consultant Ziyuan Ouyang (), and CLEP third phase Vice-Chief Engineer, CE-4 Ground Research and Application System Director Chunlai Li (). They talked about the scientific expectations and future plans of China's lunar and deep space exploration.
Surgical Anatomy of Vertical Perithalamic Hemispherotomy
Authors: Dorfer Christian , Khalaveh Farjad , Dorfmüller Georg , Czech Thomas 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Vertical perithalamic hemispherotomy was introduced by Olivier Delalande in 1992 as an alternative concept of functional hemispherectomy.

OBJECTIVE
To provide a step-by-step illustration of the surgical anatomy of this procedure.

METHODS
The descriptions in this manuscript are based on an experience of 52 hemispherotomies performed with the same technique by a single surgeon.

RESULTS
Our illustrations of the surgical anatomy and the descriptions of the surgical nuances facilitate a deep understanding for the surgical concept of Delalande's vertical hemispherotomy technique. They highlight the advantages (ie, reduced risk of inadvertent damage to the contralateral hemisphere and a clear orientation by defined anatomical landmarks) over the recently suggested modifications to this original technique.

CONCLUSION
Olivier Delalande's original technique remains the most appealing concept of vertical hemispherotomy to us.
Performing Scrutiny along the Committee Corridor of the UK House of Commons
Authors: Geddes Marc 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In what ways do practices, relationships and interpretations of scrutiny affect accountability relationships in legislatures? This article examines this question through a detailed study of select committees in the UK House of Commons. Drawing on a number of qualitative methods, this article argues that we can understand accountability in the House of Commons more effectively if we examine the underlying beliefs and practices about scrutiny by MPs and parliamentary officials. This article makes an important contribution in helping scholars to better understand how committees behave and from where they derive their authority. These affect the priorities of committee-based accountability, the style and focus of committee hearings, and the ability of committees to build consensus, with wider implications for the study of accountability.
Human Abuse Potential of Oral NKTR-181 in Recreational Opioid Users: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Crossover Study
Authors: Ge Xue , Henningfield Jack E , Siddhanti Suresh , Jobes Janet , Lu Lin , Xie Sunny , Ziola Margaret , Kelsh Debra , Vince Bradley , Di Fonzo Carlo J , Tagliaferri Mary , Zalevsky Jonathan , Doberstein Stephen K , Hoch Ute , Eldon Michael A 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the human abuse potential, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and safety of oral NKTR-181 (oxycodegol), a novel full mu-opioid receptor agonist, relative to oral oxycodone.DesignThis double-blind, randomized, single-dose, crossover human abuse potential study was conducted in healthy, adult, non–physically dependent recreational opioid users.SettingInpatient clinical research site.SubjectsSeventy-one subjects randomized (95.7% male, 65.2% African American, mean age = 31.7 years).MethodsThe primary objective was to compare two therapeutic doses of NKTR-181 (400 and 600 mg) with 40 and 60 mg of oxycodone and a supratherapeutic dose (1200 mg) of NKTR-181 with 60 mg of oxycodone using visual analog scale (VAS) ratings for Drug Liking “at this moment” (Drug Liking). Secondary objectives included VAS ratings for other subjective measures, and central nervous system (CNS) mu-opioid effects were assessed using pupillometry. Each subject received single oral doses of five treatments and matching placebo.ResultsCompared with 40 and 60 mg of oxycodone, the maximum mean Drug Liking score at 400 and 600 mg NKTR-181 was significantly lower, and the rate of onset and extent of Drug Liking for all NKTR-181 doses in the first two hours postdose were also significantly lower. Delayed attenuated Drug Liking and pupillary miosis response following administration of NKTR-181 vs oxycodone were consistent with slower NKTR-181 CNS entry kinetics and mu-opioid receptor binding. No adverse events were rated as severe, and somnolence and dizziness occurred more frequently when subjects received oxycodone.ConclusionsNKTR-181 at oral doses of 400 and 600 mg showed significantly fewer and less severe subjective effects accepted as representative of opioid abuse potential, such as lower peak Drug Liking in recreational opioid users, than 40 and 60 mg of oxycodone.
Black hole thermodynamics under the generalized uncertainty principle and doubly special relativity
Authors: Maghsoodi E , Hassanabadi H , Sang Chung Won 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
We investigate the effect of the generalized uncertainty principle on the thermodynamic properties of the topological charged black hole in anti-de Sitter space within the framework of doubly special relativity. Our study is based on a heuristic analysis of a particle which is captured by the black hole. We obtain some thermodynamic properties of the black hole including temperature, entropy, and heat capacity in the spherical horizon case.
Changes in heart rate and blood pressure during nocturnal hot flashes associated with and without awakenings
Authors: Baker Fiona C , Forouzanfar Mohamad , Goldstone Aimée , Claudatos Stephanie A , Javitz Harold , Trinder John , de Zambotti Massimiliano 
Published: August 2019

AbstractHot flashes (HFs) are a hallmark of menopause in midlife women. They are beyond bothersome symptoms, having a profound impact on quality of life and wellbeing, and are a potential marker of cardiovascular (CV) disease risk. Here, we investigated the impact on CV functioning of single nocturnal HFs, considering whether or not they were accompanied by arousals or awakenings. We investigated changes in heart rate (HR, 542 HFs), blood pressure (BP, 261 HFs), and pre-ejection period (PEP, 168 HFs) across individual nocturnal physiological HF events in women in the menopausal transition or post-menopause (age: 50.7 ± 3.6 years) (n = 86 for HR, 45 for BP, 27 for PEP). HFs associated with arousals/awakenings (51.1%), were accompanied by an increase in systolic (SBP; ~6 mmHg) and diastolic (DBP; ~5 mmHg) BP and HR (~20% increase), sustained for several minutes. In contrast, HFs occurring in undisturbed sleep (28.6%) were accompanied by a drop in SBP and a marginal increase in HR, likely components of the heat dissipation response. All HFs were accompanied by decreased PEP, suggesting increased cardiac sympathetic activity, with a prolonged increase for HFs associated with sleep disruption. Older age predicted greater likelihood of HF-related sleep disturbance. HFs were less likely to wake a woman in rapid-eye-movement and slow-wave sleep. Findings show that HFs associated with sleep disruption, which are in the majority and more likely in older women, lead to increases in HR and BP, which could have long-term impact on nocturnal CV restoration in women with multiple HFs.
Pyoderma Gangrenosum Associated with Sunitinib: A Case Report
Authors: Sevimli Dikicier Bahar 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT
Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is an inflammatory neutrophilic dermatosis that presents with painful, sterile ulcers. Drug-induced PG is a rare condition; propylthiouracil, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, and sunitinib are drugs that have been implicated to date. This article presents a case of PG associated with sunitinib.
Health-Related Quality of Life With Cochlear Implants: The Children’s Perspective
Authors: Haukedal Christiane Lingås , Lyxell Björn , Wie Ona Bø 
Published: August 2019

Objectives:
The objective of this study was to assess self-reported health-related quality of life (HR-QOL) in a group of children with cochlear implants (CIs) and to compare their scores to age- and gender-matched controls. The authors also assessed the agreement between proxy- and self-reported HR-QOL in the CI group and examined individual and environmental variables that could be associated with higher or lower self-reported HR-QOL in the CI group.

Design:
The sample consisted of 168 children between the ages of 5;6 and 13;1 (years;months), where 84 children had CIs (CI group) and 84 were age- and gender-matched controls with normal hearing (NH group). HR-QOL was assessed with the generic questionnaire Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory. Parents of the children in the CI group completed the same questionnaire as the children. In addition, the children in the CI group completed tests of language, hearing, and nonverbal I.Q. and background variables such as age at implantation and socioeconomic status were assessed.

Results:
On average, children with CIs rated their HR-QOL lower than peers with normal hearing on school functioning, social functioning, and overall HR-QOL. A higher percentage of children with CIs reported low levels of HR-QOL than did those in the NH group, 27% and 12%, respectively. The differences between groups were small, and fewer children than parents reported concerningly low HR-QOLs. Better spoken-language skills and older age at the time of testing was associated with better HR-QOL.

Conclusions:
Most children with CIs in this study reported HR-QOLs that were close to those of their age- and gender-matched normal-hearing peers. The children, however, reported concerns about social and school functioning, indicating that these areas require more attention to ensure children with CIs have good HR-QOL. Improving spoken-language skills in children with CIs may contribute to improved HR-QOL.
The search for genetic determinants of human neural tube defects
Authors: Wolujewicz Paul , Ross M. Elizabeth 
Published: August 2019

Purpose of review
An update is presented regarding neural tube defects (NTDs) including spina bifida and anencephaly, which are among the most common serious birth defects world-wide. Decades of research suggest that no single factor is responsible for neurulation failure, but rather NTDs arise from a complex interplay of disrupted gene regulatory networks, environmental influences and epigenetic regulation. A comprehensive understanding of these dynamics is critical to advance NTD research and prevention.

Recent findings
Next-generation sequencing has ushered in a new era of genomic insight toward NTD pathophysiology, implicating novel gene associations with human NTD risk. Ongoing research is moving from a candidate gene approach toward genome-wide, systems-based investigations that are starting to uncover genetic and epigenetic complexities that underlie NTD manifestation.

Summary
Neural tube closure is critical for the formation of the human brain and spinal cord. Broader, more all-inclusive perspectives are emerging to identify the genetic determinants of human NTDs.