bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of Acoustic Spectroscopy to the Characterization of Surfactant Solutions, Emulsions, and Microemulsions: d–Limonene–Water–C12EO7–Isopropanol System
Authors: Zelenev Andrei S. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe application of acoustic spectroscopy to the characterization of binary C12EO7—water system was studied. It was discovered that the size of micelles in aqueous surfactant solutions could not be determined, but it was possible to determine the size of water nanodomains existing in the surfactant‐rich systems. It was suggested that in colloidal systems, the energy of ultrasonic waves is dissipated only by interfaces existing between condensed phases. The characterization of Winsor transitions by acoustic spectroscopy in water/d‐limonene system stabilized by a mixture of nonionic surfactant and isopropyl alcohol (cosolvent) was also explored. In one study, systems with a constant d‐limonene to water weight ratio obtained in the course of titration of d‐limonene‐in‐water emulsion with increasing amounts of surfactant+alcohol were investigated. In another study, a balanced d‐limonene/water microemulsion was sequentially diluted with water and d‐limonene. The transition between Winsor I and Winsor IV systems was monitored in both cases. Droplet size distributions were calculated using different models for dispersed and continuous phase composition. It was demonstrated that the magnitude of acoustic scattering played a significant role in the ability to reliably determine droplet size distributions, and in particular to simultaneously observe nanometer‐size and micron‐size droplets in Winsor I systems. An attempt was made to account for intrinsic attenuation of surfactant and alcohol by associating them with the aqueous phase, but this approach was shown not to be applicable in the case of Winsor IV microemulsions.
Tacrolimus Concentration‐to‐Dose Ratios in Kidney Transplant Recipients and Relationship to Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Bartlett Felicia E. , Carthon Clarice E. , Hagopian Jennifer C. , Horwedel Timothy A. , January Spenser E. , Malone Andrew 
Published: June 2019

IntroductionOne factor impacting tacrolimus interpatient variability is the presence of CYP3A5 polymorphisms. Low tacrolimus concentration‐to‐dose ratios (CDRs), or rapid metabolizers (RMs), have been associated with poor graft function outcomes and higher biopsy‐proven acute rejection (BPAR) rates in a predominantly white population. Pretransplant CYP genotyping is not routinely conducted, and therefore only a small number of studies have assessed the use of tacrolimus CDRs as a surrogate for metabolism. We explored differences in outcomes between patients with low tacrolimus CDRs and high tacrolimus CDRs (i.e., nonrapid metabolizers [NRMs]) in a diverse patient population.ObjectiveTo determine the relationship between tacrolimus CDRs and graft and patient outcomes in kidney transplant recipients at a large transplant center between 2006 and 2016.MethodsInclusion criteria consisted of adult kidney transplant recipients who received rabbit antithymocyte globulin induction followed by a maintenance regimen of tacrolimus, mycophenolate, and prednisone. The primary end point was BPAR at 1 year. Secondary end points included graft survival, patient survival, and toxicities. Determination of clusters was conducted using the two‐step cluster analysis with a defined two‐cluster distribution. Kaplan‐Meier survival curves were created using the log‐rank test.ResultsThe NRM cluster consisted of 322 patients with a mean CDR of 2.91 ng/ml/mg. The RM cluster consisted of 932 patients with a mean CDR of 1.14 ng/ml/mg. The BPAR at 1 year posttransplant was 3.7% in the NRM cluster and 3.6% in the RM cluster (p=0.95). Death at 5 years was higher in the NRM group compared with the RM group for unknown reasons (p=0.03). Differences in the incidence of posttransplant toxicities were not statistically significant at any time point, except for increased rates of cutaneous cancer at 5 years and cardiovascular disease overall in the NRM group.ConclusionTailoring tacrolimus therapy early posttransplant based on CDR is not supported by the findings in this study.
Synthesis of poly(acrylic acid)–Fe3+/gelatin/poly(vinyl alcohol) triple‐network supramolecular hydrogels with high toughness, high strength and self‐healing properties
Authors: Jing Zhanxin , Zhang Qiangshan , Liang Yan‐Qiu , Zhang Zhaoxia , Hong Pengzhi , Li Yong 
Published: June 2019

AbstractHydrogels with good mechanical and self‐healing properties are of great importance for various applications. Poly(acrylic acid)–Fe3+/gelatin/poly(vinyl alcohol) (PAA‐Fe3+/Gelatin/PVA) triple‐network supramolecular hydrogels were synthesized by a simple one‐pot method of copolymerization, cooling and freezing/thawing. The PAA‐Fe3+/Gelatin/PVA triple‐network hydrogels exhibit superior toughness, strength and recovery capacity compared to single‐ and double‐network hydrogels. The mechanical properties of the synthesized hydrogels could be tailored by adjusting the compositions. The PAA‐Fe3+/Gelatin/PVA triple‐network hydrogel with 0.20 mmol Fe3+, 3% gelatin and 15% PVA could achieve good mechanical properties, the tensile strength and elongation at break being 239.6 kPa and 12.8 mm mm−1, respectively, and the compression strength reaching 16.7 MPa under a deformation of about 91.5%. The synthesized PAA‐Fe3+/Gelatin/PVA triple‐network hydrogels have good self‐healing properties owing to metal coordination between Fe3+ and carboxylic groups, hydrogen bonding between the gelatin chains and hydrogen bonding between the PVA chains. Healed PAA‐Fe3+(0.20)/Gelatin3%/PVA15% triple‐network hydrogels sustain a tensile strength of up to 231.4 kPa, which is around 96.6% of the tensile strength of the original samples. Therefore, the synthesized triple‐network supramolecular hydrogels would provide a new strategy for gel research and expand the potential for their application. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
A Concise Approach for the Synthesis of the ABCD Ring System of Alpkinidine
Authors: Volvoikar Prajesh S. , Tilve Santosh G. , Zubkov Fedor I. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractA two step synthesis of a benzo analog of alpkinidine is described via Negishi coupling followed by a base mediated annulation reaction strategy. The organozinc compound prepared from ethyl 2‐iodobenzoate was coupled with 4‐chloro‐2‐methyl‐2,3‐dihydro‐1H‐pyrrolo[3,4‐c]quinolin‐1‐one to obtain ethyl 2‐(2‐methyl‐1‐oxo‐2,3‐dihydro‐1H‐pyrrolo[3,4‐c]quinolin‐4‐yl)‐benzoate which on further treatment with a base provided ABCD ring system of alpkinidine.
Cost Efficient Synthesis of Diaryl Ethers Catalysed by CuI, Imidazolium Chloride and Cs2CO3
Authors: Paul Sudeep , Joy Bony P. , Rajendran Rajarajan , Gudimetla Vittal B. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractSynthetically versatile imidazolium chlorides, especially 1,3‐bis‐(2,6‐diisopropylphenyl)‐imidazolium chloride (IPrHCl) along with copper (I) iodide and cesium carbonate, were found to be useful to form C−O bonds via coupling of phenols and aryl/heteroaryl bromides. In this catalysis, the metal:ligand (Cu:IPr) loading was optimised to 1.0 mol%, making it an inexpensive and a simple one pot catalytic route for synthesising a variety of diaryl ethers. The catalytic cycle was probed by UV‐Vis, FT‐IR and HRMS techniques confirming involvement of a copper‐imidazolium‐carbonate complex.
Distinct Anti‐Corrosion Performance of Q235 Carbon Steel and 316 Stainless Steel from the Perspective of Photoelectrochemical Response
Authors: Qiu Ping , Li Fei , Sun Xulu , Gao Panpan , Yang Lianjie , Chen Changfeng , Ge Lei 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIt is well accepted that stainless steel presents higher corrosion resistance than carbon steel under atmospheric conditions. This study investigates the distinct anti‐corrosion performance between them from the aspect of photoelectrochemical response, which is exposed in simulated atmospheric conditions under visible‐light illumination. The difference on corrosion resistance is evident from the potential shift, the anodic Tafel slope and the charge transfer resistance recorded on the samples under illumination. IR spectroscopy, Raman microspectroscopy and XPS depth profile reveal that the dual layered structure of corrosion products are formed on Q235 carbon steel and 316 stainless steel. The inner corrosion products, which are chromium oxide/hydroxide for stainless steel and magnetite for carbon steel, play a main role in the photo‐generated charges migration behavior.
On‐Surface Cucurbit[n]uril Supramolecular Recognition for an Optical Sensor Design
Authors: Jiménez Javier , Blasco Sonia , Blanco Elias , Atienzar Pedro , del Pozo María , Quintana Carmen 
Published: June 2019

AbstractA novel optical sensor, based on the use of the macrocyclic receptor cucurbit[7]uril as molecular selector taking part of a sensing poly(vinyl chloride)‐based membrane immobilized onto a quartz slide surface, has been developed and tested to thiabendazole analysis. The method is built upon the increase of the thiabendazole fluorescence as a result of the supramolecular recognition event. Variables involved in the membrane construction and fluorescence measurements have been evaluated and optimized. The sensing membrane is prepared by a spin‐coating procedure (1 min at 800 r.p.m.). An increase of more than 2 fold in the fluorescence signal is observed when the supramolecular complex is immobilized into the membrane respect to that observed for the free guest. Under optimized conditions, the dispositive responds in a few seconds to thiabendazole concentrations at 10−7 M level. In addition, the characterization of the supramolecular complex together with lifetime measurements is included.
Construction of 3D Hierarchical GO/MoS2/g‐C3N4 Ternary Nanocomposites with Enhanced Visible‐Light Photocatalytic Degradation Performance
Authors: Yan Jia , Song Zhilong , Wang Xin , Xu Yuanguo , Pu Wenjie , Ji Haiyan , Xu Hui , Yuan Shouqi , Li Huaming 
Published: June 2019

AbstractHierarchical graphene oxide/molybdenum sulphide/carbon nitride (GO/MoS2/g‐C3N4) ternary nanostructure with visible‐light‐driven photocatalytic property are prepared employing a simple and facile solvothermal method. Systematical characterizations like transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR), UV‐vis diffuse reflectance spectra (DRS), and photoluminescence spectra, have been carried out to figure out composition, structure and optical properties of the ternary composites, accompanied with their physical and chemical interface state among GO, MoS2 and g‐C3N4. The GO/MoS2/g‐C3N4 ternary photocatalyst exhibits excellent visible‐light‐induced photocatalytic activity for Rhodamine B (RhB) degradation reaching up to 96.7%. More significantly, the hierarchical nanostructured ternary system shows good photostability and reusability with a minor degradation of 1.5%. The enhanced visible‐light photodegradation properties would be owing to the synergetic effects of GO, MoS2 and g‐C3N4 in the hierarchical ternary GO/MoS2/g‐C3N4 nanocomposites favourable for the photogenerated electrons‐holes separation and transfer. In addition, the surface reaction species is also confirmed by the trapping experiments and a reaction mechanism is proposed.
Multiple Nanosheets Assembled Nanoflower‐like MnO2 to Anchor Polysulfides for Improving Electrochemical Performance in Lithium Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Wang Jianing , Li Yanpei , Li Wenwen , Sun Changzhi , Qi Congyu , Jin Jun , Wen Zhaoyin 
Published: June 2019

AbstractLithium sulfur batteries hold great promise as the new generation post‐lithium‐ion batteries in virtue of high theoretical energy density (2600 W h/kg) and low cost of sulfur. However, the practical application of the batteries is being hindered by their poor cycling stability and low Coulombic efficiency, which is mainly attributed by the dissolution of polysulfides and low electronic conductivity of sulfur. Herein, a novel cathode host was designed by mixing the nanoflower‐like MnO2 with KB powder loaded on the commercial carbon paper, delivering excellent electrochemical performance even at a high sulfur mass loading of 2.1 mg/cm2. The nanoflower‐like MnO2 obtained from the typical hydrothermal method provides abundant active sites for adsorbing polysulfides chemically. The combination between this chemical capture effect and physical constraint introduced by the pores of nanoflower‐like MnO2 and KB powder suppresses the dissolution of lithium polysulfides out of cathode region. Consequently, the modified MnO2‐KB@carbon paper‐Li2S6 cathode exhibits an initial discharge capacity of 776.4 mAh/g at 0.5 C and retain 814.3 mAh/g after 100 cycles with nearly 100% Coulombic efficiency. Remarkably, self‐discharge rate has been restrained to a very level of 4.7% after 48 h resting, indicating the potential of the nanoflower‐like MnO2‐KB@carbon paper‐Li2S6 cathode for improved preserving ability of lithium sulfur battery.
Auger electron emission in proton‐induced interactions in living matter: A TILDA‐V Monte Carlo tracking
Authors: Quinto Michele Arcangelo , Monti Juan Manuel , Alcocer Avila Mario Enrique , Weck Philippe F. , Fojón Omar Ariel , Rivarola Roberto Daniel , Champion Christophe 
Published: June 2019

The present work focuses on studying the contribution of the Auger electron emission in proton‐induced interactions in biological matter. The Monte Carlo track‐structure code, TILDA‐V, was then used for modeling the protons beams of 10 keV to 100 MeV in biological matter, namely, water vapor and hydrated DNA. The main ionizing processes are described by means of an extensive set of ab initio differential and total cross sections computed within a quantum‐mechanical CDW‐EIS approximation.
Exploring Migrant Employees’ ‘Rights-Talk’ in the British Hospitality Sector
Authors: GOETHALS Samentha 
Published: June 2019

AbstractHow do migrant employees understand and articulate human rights in the British hospitality sector? This article contributes to the discussion on the translation of human rights responsibility in business by introducing ‘rights-talk’ as an analytical lens to explore and theorize about employees’ situated understanding and uses of human rights as a language and a moral evaluative frame. The analysis highlights the importance of (in)equality in employees’ everyday experience of rights, and points to several disincentives for them to engage with and in rights-talk including social and organizational disrespect, managerial disregard for employees’ claims, and their largely connotative use of human rights language. These insights advance theorizing and open research avenues on the significance of human rights in organizations from a bottom-up perspective, while the inquiry’s micro-level focus enriches business and human rights’ methodological toolbox. The findings are also significant for business human rights responsibility in contexts of heightened anti-immigration discourse and policies.
The impact of formulary restriction on the relative consumption of carbapenems in intensive care units at an academic medical center
Authors: Pierce Jacob W. , Kirk Andrew , Lee Kimberly B. , Markley John D. , Pakyz Amy , Bearman Gonzalo , Doll Michelle E. , Stevens Michael P. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAntipseudomonal carbapenems are an important target for antimicrobial stewardship programs. We evaluated the impact of formulary restriction and preauthorization on relative carbapenem use for medical and surgical intensive care units at a large, urban academic medical center using interrupted time-series analysis.
CROWNING RULERS AND YEARS: INTERPRETING THE YEAR SIGN HEADDRESS AT TEOTIHUACAN
Authors: Nielsen Jesper , Helmke Christophe 
Published: June 2019

AbstractHeaddresses, as opulent markers of rank and affiliation, offer a unique opportunity to examine sociopolitical roles and offices at Teotihuacan. In particular, in light of the few surviving glyphic texts from the site, the representations of headdresses, either in isolation, as part ritual investitures, or actively worn by individuals, are in fact one of the few ways to achieve a deeper understanding of the nature, structure, and institutional aspects of social stations and in the ancient metropolis. In this paper, we will first discuss the elemental properties of headdresses in Teotihuacan iconography as well as the rites of accession upon which these symbolic markers were acquired. Thereafter, we suggest that several kinds of headdresses are also associated with specific named houses at Teotihuacan, which indicate their close affiliation with certain powerful institutions. Finally, we focus on some of the specific types of headdresses, and especially those qualified by the so-called Year Sign (Figure 1). Based on comparisons with Classic and Epiclassic calendrical records, wherein dates are also crowned by the same headdress, as well as with the diadem of the Late Postclassic Mexica rulers, the xiuhhuitzolli, we put forth a new interpretation of its meaning at Teotihuacan.
The Avifauna of the Rio Branco, an Amazonian evolutionary and ecological hotspot in peril
Authors: NAKA LUCIANO N. , LARANJEIRAS THIAGO ORSI , LIMA GISIANE RODRIGUES , PLASKIEVICZ ALICE C. , MARIZ DANIELE , COSTA BRUNA M. DA , MENEZES H. SUZANY G. DE , TORRES MARCELA DE F. , COHN-HAFT MARIO 
Published: June 2019

SummaryThe Rio Branco is a river with unique biogeographic and ecological features, threatened by the Brazilian Government’s plan to build a major hydroelectric dam and associated hydroway along its course. The river crosses one of Amazonia’s largest rainfall gradients and a major geomorphological boundary along a savanna/forest ecotone, marked by the Bem Querer rapids. Above the rapids, the upper Rio Branco runs through the Boa Vista sedimentary formation and crosses the crystalline rocks of the Guiana Shield, and its margins are flanked by gallery forests. Downriver, it runs through a low-lying sedimentary basin, with Amazonian floodplain forests along its margins. Here, we present the results of ∼ 15 years of ornithological research on the Branco and its major tributaries, providing baseline data and evaluating potential threats to the riverine avifauna. Our surveys included opportunistic observations and standardized surveys along the entire length of the river in 16 systematically distributed localities. We catalogued 439 bird species, 87% of which are documented by physical evidence (specimens, recordings, photographs). Forty-six percent are restricted to single habitats, suggesting a high degree of habitat specialisation. A third of the species are widely distributed along the river, whereas 45% are restricted to either the upper or the lower Rio Branco, including 40 and 30 Indicator Species, respectively. Twenty-five species are threatened at global or national levels, including two ‘Critically Endangered’, nine ‘Vulnerable’, and 14 ‘Near Threatened’. We present a list of 50 bird species that are candidates for monitoring studies. Threats to the avifauna from dam construction include permanent flooding above the dam, eliminating gallery forests, river islands, and sandy beaches, and the disruption of the flood pulse along the river, affecting river island and floodplain forest specialists, many of which are globally threatened with extinction. If built, the Bem Querer dam will wipe out the ecotone region and affect dramatically the river’s avifauna.
Real-time three-dimensional trans-oesophageal echocardiography-guided balloon dilation of pulmonary venous pathway obstruction in a patient with dextro-transposition of the great arteries after atrial switch surgery: a case report
Authors: Nitta Manabu , Sugano Teruyasu , Iwata Kiwamu 
Published: June 2019

AbstractA percutaneous transcatheter balloon dilation of a pulmonary venous pathway obstruction was successfully performed in a 40-year-old patient after a Mustard procedure. During the procedure, real-time three-dimensional trans-oesophageal echocardiography demonstrated the morphology of the obstruction. Our case highlights the usefulness of real-time three-dimensional trans-oesophageal echocardiography as a guide for transcatheter intervention in the increasing number of adults with CHD.
Site and Timing of Substantial India‐Asia Collision Inferred From Crustal Volume Budget
Authors: Zhou Jianxun , Su Hao 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIt is widely assumed that the India‐Asia collision initiated at 55 ± 5 Ma along the Indus‐Yarlung suture zone. Paradoxically, however, the majority of tectonic responses to collision as well as the accelerated faunal exchange between the two continents did not occur until circa 35–30 Ma and intense deformation and uplift occurred along the southern side of the Tibetan Himalaya rather than the Indus‐Yarlung suture zone. Additionally, this widely accepted scenario requires large‐scale subduction of buoyant continental crust into the dense mantle, which is inconsistent with tectonic reconstructions of Gondwana as well as the general knowledge of physics. Here we present evidence from crustal volume budget calculations to show that (1) at 55 ± 5 Ma 2,100 ± 840 km of oceanic lithosphere existed between India and the Lhasa Block and hence India‐Asia collision is unlikely to have occurred at that time, (2) substantial India‐Asia collision should have occurred after this large region of oceanic lithosphere had been consumed by subduction, along the south side of Tibetan Himalaya diachronously at 32 ± 2 Ma in the west, 23 ± 2 Ma in the east and 18 ± 2 Ma in the center, and (3) no large‐scale subduction of continental crust occurred during India‐Asia collision. These findings resolve the problematic issues that have not been satisfactorily explained by many existing models for the system and suggest that the evolution of the Himalaya‐Tibet orogen and many existing geodynamic models of India‐Asia collision requires critical reassessment.
Der kausale Zusammenhang von Prostata-Hyperplasie, chronischer Prostatitis und Prostatakrebs
Authors: Jacob Ludwig Manfred 
Published: June 2019

ZusammenfassungDie häufigsten Erkrankungen der Prostata sind Prostatitis, die benigne Prostata-Hyperplasie (BPH) und das Prostatakarzinom (PCa). Die westliche Ernährungs- und Lebensweise führt typischerweise zu einer Vermehrung von Bauchfett, erhöhten Spiegeln von Cholesterin, Östrogenen und Dihydrotestosteron (DHT) sowie Insulin und IGF-1, welche die Entwicklung von ProstataHyperplasie und -krebs fördern. Die vergrößerte Prostata begünstigt die Entwicklung einer chronischen Prostatitis, indem sie zu Urinrückfluss in die Prostata führt. Dies wirkt sich in der peripheren Zone der Prostata am schlimmsten aus, da sie ein schlechtes Ablaufsystem hat. Der proinflammatorischste Stoff im Urin ist kristalline Harnsäure, die sich bei pH 5,5 bildet. So sauer ist bei der heute typischen säurebildenden Ernährung häufig der Morgenurin, der insbesondere nachts (Nykturie) in die Prostata gelangt. Auch die Aktivität der 5-alpha-Reduktase ist bei saurem pH stark erhöht und prokanzerogenes DHT wird verstärkt gebildet. Die chronische Prostatitis fördert insbesondere durch den dauerhaft erhöhten oxidativen und nitrosativen Stress die Entstehung eines Prostatakarzinoms in der Randzone. Klassische Kanzerogene im Urin und im Enddarm verstärken den Prozess. Epidemiologisch passt dazu, dass die typischen „Säureerkrankungen“ Gicht und Nierensteine mit einem stark erhöhten Prostatakrebsrisiko einhergehen, während pflanzliche, basenbildende Ernährungsweisen das Risiko deutlich reduzieren und in klinischen Studien sogar bestehende Karzinome hemmen.
Neuronavigation – Konzeption einer praktischen
Unterweisung
Authors: Friedrichs Isabel 
Published: June 2019

ZusammenfassungModerne Medizintechnik ist aus dem OP nicht mehr wegzudenken. Da es sich dabei
meist um hochkomplexe Systeme handelt, ist eine gute und umfangreiche
Praxisanleitung für neue Mitarbeiter unerlässlich. Wie ihnen das Prinzip und die
Funktionsweise der Technik vermittelt werden können, erklärt unsere Autorin am
Beispiel der Neuronavigation.