bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognosis of 732 ursodeoxycholic acid‐treated patients with primary biliary cholangitis: A single center follow‐up study from China
Authors: Chen Sha , Duan Weijia , Li Min , Li Shuxiang , Lv Tingting , Tian Qiuju , Wang Qianyi , Wu Xiaoning , Zhao Xinyan , Wang Xiaoming , Wang Yu , Kong Yuanyuan , Ma Hong , Ou Xiaojuan , You Hong , Jia Jidong 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBackground and AimThe impact of male sex and past hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection on survival of primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) are issues at discussion. The aim of the present study was to identify risk factors for transplant‐free survival (TRS) in Chinese PBC patients who received ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), with special focus on the impact of male sex and past HBV infection.MethodsWe followed up PBC patients who received UDCA at our institute between January 2000 and December 2017 until their death, liver transplantation, or censored on April 1, 2018, by interview and review of medical records. We used Cox proportional hazards model and Kaplan–Meier method.ResultsOut of 976 PBC patients, 732 UDCA‐treated patients (female : male = 6.2:1) with required clinical and laboratory data were enrolled in this study. The median follow‐up period were 4.8 years (interquartile range: 2.8–7.1 years). The overall 5‐, 10‐, and 15‐year TRS rates were 86.7% (95% CI: 83.8–88.1), 71.1% (95% CI: 65.0–77.2), and 59.2% (95% CI: 44.5–73.9), respectively. The survival was significantly worse for male patients and older patients (≥ 55 years) (log‐rank test: P < 0.05 for both). On multivariate analysis, male sex, cirrhosis, serum bilirubin, and serum albumin were independent predictors for TRS. There was no significant difference in survivals between patients with (n = 167) and without (n = 219) past HBV infection (log‐rank test: P = 0.293).ConclusionsIn this large Chinese cohort of UDCA‐treated PBC patients, male sex was associated with shorter survival, whereas past HBV infection was not associated with poorer outcome.
(Almost) Model‐Free Recovery
Authors: SCHNEIDER PAUL , TROJANI FABIO 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTUnder mild assumptions, we recover the model‐free conditional minimum variance projection of the pricing kernel on various tradeable realized moments of market returns. Recovered conditional moments predict future realizations and give insight into the cyclicality of equity premia, variance risk premia, and the highest attainable Sharpe ratios under the minimum variance probability. The pricing kernel projections are often U‐shaped and give rise to optimal conditional portfolio strategies with plausible market timing properties, moderate countercyclical exposures to higher realized moments, and favorable out‐of‐sample Sharpe ratios.
Comprehensive analysis of coexpressed long noncoding RNAs and genes in breast cancer
Authors: Dong Ying , Zhang Ting , Li Xining , Yu Feng , Guo Yue 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAimTo identify the differentially expressed long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in breast cancer and analyze the potential roles.MethodsRNA‐sequencing data (ID: GSE52194) of breast cancer and normal breast samples were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus. Clean reads were aligned against the human genome hg19 using TopHat2 and assembled into transcripts using cufflinks. Protein‐coding potential of transcripts with length 200 bp or more were assessed using Coding Potential Calculator, followed by alignment against human lncRNAs using Blastn. Differentially expressed lncRNAs and genes were identified using NOISeq, followed by coexpression analysis with the criterion of Pearson correlation coefficient greater than 0.99. Enrichment analysis was performed using Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery.ResultsTotally 181 differentially expressed lncRNAs and 3967 differentially expressed genes (DEG) were obtained. Besides, coexpression analysis revealed ST6GALNAC3, ST6GALNAC4, ST8SIA5 and DEDD were coexpressed with FAM9B, LINC00320, LOC100169752 and RFX5. H2AFY2 and NOL11 were coexpressed with LOC286002. ADORA2B was coexpressed with GRHPR, LOC100652909 and TEX26‐AS1. CD226, FCER1A and ADORA3 were coexpressed with LINC00323 and LOC100505540. PVRL2 and CD300LB were coexpressed with C1QTNF1, CENPA, FAM22F and SNX2. The DEG were predominantly enriched in biological processes of regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase I (e.g. H2AFY2, NOL11 and DEDD) and regulation of mast cell activation (e.g. ADORA3, CD226, FCER1A, MS4A2, ADORA2B and PVRL2), as well as pathways of glycosphingolipid biosynthesis (e.g. ST6GALNAC3, ST6GALNAC4 and ST8SIA5) and peroxisome.ConclusionThis study revealed the potential involvement of lncRNAs in the progression of breast cancer via participating in glycosphingolipid biosynthesis pathway and regulation of transcription and mast cell activation biological processes.
Interaction between the three frequently co‐occurringFusariummycotoxins in rats
Authors: Szabó‐Fodor Judit , Szabó András , Kócsó Dániel , Marosi Kinga , Bóta Brigitta , Kachlek Mariam , Mézes Miklós , Balogh Krisztián , Kövér György , Nagy István , Glávits Róbert , Kovács Melinda 
Published: October 2018

AbstractTo test the complex, acute biochemical effects of combined, naturally co‐occurring fusariotoxins, a 5‐day rat study was performed. Mycotoxin treatment was invented by intraperitoneal injection: FB1(F): 9 µg/animal/day (approx. 30 µg/kg bw/day), DON (D): 16.5 µg/animal/day (approx. 55 µg/kg bw/day) and ZEN (Z): 12.75 µg/animal/day (approx. 42.5 µg/kg bw/day). The binary groups (FB1and DON [FD], FB1and ZEN [FZ] and DON and ZEN [DZ]) as well as the ternary (FB1, DON and ZEN [FDZ]) group were dosed at the same combined level as the individual mycotoxins. Body weight, feed intake and mortality were not affected by any of the treatments. FB1and DON in combination (FD) increased the plasma aspartate aminotransferase activity synergistically (compared to the individual FB1and DON). In the liver, both the total glutathione (GSH) and the glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity were increased (p < 0.05) by the binary FB1and ZEN (FZ) and the DON and ZEN (DZ) groups as well as the ternary FB1, DON and ZEA group (FDZ) compared to the control. The GSH level of the ternary group was significantly increased compared to the FB1group, whereas the GPx activity of the ternary group was significantly increased compared to all three the individual mycotoxin groups. The Bliss independence method revealed synergism between DON and ZEN (DZ), as well as FB1and DON (FD) on liver GPx activity. None of the toxins alone or in combination exerted strong genotoxicity on lymphocytes, neither on the gross histopathological characteristics. However, even at these low levels acute exposure of more than one of these mycotoxins (FB1, DON and ZEN) affected metabolic and detoxification changes.
Are We In or Are We Out? Ingroup Prototypicality Effects in Implicit Ethnic‐American Associations
Authors: Devos Thierry , Anderson Kristin J. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe goal of the present research was to document ingroup prototypicality effects in implicit associations between ethnic groups and the American identity. Across four studies, we compared implicit associations displayed by perceivers who either belonged to or did not belong to the target ethnic groups. In Studies 1 and 2, African, Asian, Latino, and European American participants were randomly assigned to complete an Implicit Association Test contrasting either their ingroup and an outgroup or two outgroups (third‐party perspective). Data yielded evidence for ingroup prototypicality effects in all interethnic comparisons. Studies 3 and 4 used large datasets available through Project Implicit. We examined whether ingroup prototypicality effects were restricted to U.S. residents or generalized to participants living in other regions of the world. Results showed that ingroup prototypicality effects did not presuppose immersion in the U.S. context, but at the same time patterns of implicit associations varied according to region of residence. Implicit ethnic‐American associations are at least partially the reflection of the perceivers’ positioning in interethnic comparisons.
Protein and mRNA detection of classic cytokines in corresponding samples of serum, gingival tissue and gingival crevicular fluid from subjects with periodontitis
Authors: Duarte Poliana Mendes , de Lorenzo Abreu Letícia , Vilela André , Feres Magda , Giro Gabriela , Miranda Tamires Szeremeske 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBackground and objectiveLittle is known about the correspondence of cytokines detected among the different biological matrices used in periodontal research and whether locally‐detected cytokine mRNA can also be identified at the translated protein level. The aims of this study were to compare: (a) the detection of classic cytokines at protein level in corresponding samples of serum, gingival tissue and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in subjects with periodontitis and (b) the detection of cytokines at protein level in GCF and tissue with their detection at mRNA level in tissue.Material and methodsProtein concentrations of IL‐1β, IL‐6 and TNF‐α were measured in corresponding samples of GCF, gingival tissue and serum from 125 subjects with chronic periodontitis by multiplex immunoassay. The mRNA levels of these cytokines were evaluated in the same gingival tissue by qPCR.ResultsThe mean protein concentrations of IL‐1ß and TNF‐α were higher in tissue and GCF than in serum (P < 0.05). The mean protein concentration of IL‐6 was higher in tissue, followed by serum and GCF, respectively (P < 0.05). Using serum as the gold standard, detection of IL‐1ß in GCF and IL‐6 in tissue had the highest sensitivity (100%), while detection of IL‐6 in the GCF had the lowest sensitivity (77.9%). Using tissue as the gold standard, the detection sensitivities of IL‐1ß, IL‐6 and TNF‐α were 93.6%, 78.4% and 94.2%, respectively, in GCF. Using mRNA as the gold standard, the detection of IL‐1ß and IL‐6 at the protein level in tissue (100.0%) had the highest sensitivity, while the detection of IL‐6 in GCF (77.9%) had the lowest sensitivity.ConclusionTissue and GCF exhibited overall higher protein concentrations of cytokines than serum. GCF presented good reliability for identifying the target cytokines at protein level, when compared with detecting tissue cytokines at protein level. GCF and tissue presented high sensitivities for detecting cytokines at the protein level, when compared with detecting tissue cytokines at the mRNA level. The sensitivity for the identification of cytokines in the GCF depended on the target cytokine, where IL‐6 was the least likely cytokine to be detected in this matrix.
Which variables should be controlled when measuring the granulometry of a chewed bolus? A systematic review
Authors: Bonnet Guillaume , Batisse Cindy , Peyron Marie‐Agnès , Nicolas Emmanuel , Hennequin Martine 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe distribution of food particles in a chewed bolus characterizes the food destruction after food oral processing (FOP). Previous reviews report that it could be affected by a lot of parameters as the number of chewing strokes, the dental status, but the conditions for producing reproducible data allowing inter‐studies comparison have not been clearly described yet. This systematic review aims to identify the variables that can affect bolus granulometry determination, and to calculate their relative weights in the median particle size (D50) variations. The systematic review focuses on granulometry expressed as D50 of the most used foods (peanuts, carrots, and almonds) and materials (Optosil and Optocal). Based on 58 studies, 5 variables among 60 being extracted could explain the D50 variations. Conceptual differences between the conditions for FOP should be considered. After Chewing‐test, the bolus is collected after a predefined number of strokes and its granulometry characterizes the effects of the dental and muscular apparatus on food destruction, while after Mastication‐test the bolus is collected at the swallowing threshold, and its granulometry reflects the outcome of the abilities of the subject to adapt his/her mastication behavior to food texture. Experimental conditions related either to physical sieving or image analysis used to analyze the collected boluses impact the D50 values. Finally, when type of test, sieving conditions, type of food or material, number of chewing strokes, and the oral status of the subjects are controlled, mean D50 values are reproducible and could be used for inter‐studies comparisons.Practical applicationsThis review provides tables that could be useful to control mean D50 variations in further research.
A modified Steiner's analysis that does not require radiographic exposure of the cranial base
Authors: Finn Stephanie C. , Silver Mathew T. , Canary Benjamin , Kantarci Alpdogan , Allareddy Veerasathpurush , Katebi Negin , Masoud Mohamed I. 
Published: October 2018

Structured AbstractObjectiveTo correlate traditional Steiner's skeletal and dental measurements to similar measurements that use the eyes and natural head position as references instead of the cranial base.Setting and SampleOne hundred and fifty‐two lateral cephalometric radiographs (66 female and 86 male) from the Harvard Forsyth twin sample were included in the study based on record availability.Material and MethodsThis was an observational study in which all cephalometric radiographs were traced and analysed using Steiner's cephalometric analysis. Each cephalogram was then altered to perform a similar analysis that uses the maximum convexity of the cornea together with natural head position as references instead of the cranial base. A Pearson product‐moment correlation coefficient was measured to determine the correlation between the conventional Steiner's analysis measurements and the novel measurements relying on the eyes and natural head position.ResultsSteiner's cephalometric measurements of the jaws to each other, the divergency and the orientation of the incisors had a strong positive correlation with their counterparts that relied on true horizontal and/or the eyes (P < 0.001).ConclusionThe eyes and true horizontal can be used as alternatives to the cranial base when diagnosing the relationship between the jaws and the position and orientation of the teeth. Since the eyes and natural head position are identifiable without ionizing radiation, future research should focus on the use of radiographic exposures limited to the upper and lower jaws for orthodontic diagnosis and outcome assessment.
Diagnostic and therapeutic value of implantable loop recorder: A tertiary care center experience
Authors: Padmanabhan Deepak , Kancharla Krishna , El‐Harasis Majd A. , Isath Ameesh , Makkar Nayani , Noseworthy Peter A. , Friedman Paul A. , Cha Yong‐Mei , Kapa Suraj 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBackgroundImplantable loop recorders (ILRs) are effective in achieving symptom‐rhythm correlation. However, diagnostic yield in routine clinical practice is not well established.MethodsPatients undergoing ILR implantation between April 2010 and May 2015 were included. All devices were enrolled in remote monitoring with automatic arrhythmia detection and P sense algorithms switched “ON.” Symptom‐rhythm correlation was assessed and changes in management were recorded.ResultsA total of 312 patients (57% male, age 53 ± 22 years; median CHADS2VaSc score = 1) were included in this study. ILRs were implanted for evaluation of syncope in 206 (66.0%), presyncope in 23 (7.4%), unexplained palpitations in 51 (16.3%), and cryptogenic stroke in 27 (8.7%) patients. ILR monitoring yielded a diagnosis that changed management strategy in 146 (46.8%) patients over a median of 12 (1‐42) months. Out of 163 (52.2%) patients with symptoms during the monitoring period, 100 (61.3%) had an arrhythmia. ILR was useful in ruling out an arrhythmic cause for symptoms in 63 (38.7%) patients. ILR results led to pacemaker implantation in 23 patients (7.4% overall and 11.2% of those with syncope) after median follow‐up of 3 months. A new diagnosis of atrial fibrillation was made in 38 (12.2%) patients, 11 of whom were initiated on oral anticoagulants. ILR results led to pacemaker implantation in 31 patients (9.9% overall and 19.0% of those with syncope) after median follow‐up of 3 months. A new diagnosis of atrial fibrillation was made in 38 (12.2%) patients, nine of whom were initiated on oral anticoagulants. Overall, ILR led to a change in management in 47% patients with a number needed to implant of 2.1 to change management.ConclusionILR monitoring is effective in achieving symptom‐rhythm correlation and results in changes in management in nearly half of implanted patients. Additional studies are needed to evaluate cost efficacy of ILR and the optimal monitoring duration.
High‐Frequency Spinal Cord Stimulation at 10 kHz for the Treatment of Complex Regional Pain Syndrome: A Case Series of Patients With or Without Previous Spinal Cord Stimulator Implantation
Authors: Gill Jatinder S. , Asgerally Abbas , Simopoulos Thomas T. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBackgroundHigh‐frequency spinal cord stimulation at 10 kHz (HF10‐SCS) has been demonstrated to provide enhanced and durable pain relief in patients with chronic back and radiating leg pain. Patients with pain related to complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) in the chronic stages are commonly challenging to treat and often receive traditional spinal cord stimulation (SCS). Very little information is currently available about the therapeutic outcomes following application of high‐frequency stimulation in this cohort of patients.MethodsThe purpose of the retrospective case series was to report on the initial experience of HF10‐SCS in 13 patients with CRPS, some of whom had been exposed to low‐frequency SCS. A temporary trial of HF10‐SCS was carried out for 1 week, and those achieving a minimum of 50% pain intensity reduction underwent implantation. Successful responders were those who achieved a 50% decrease in pain intensity on subsequent follow‐up.ResultsThirteen patients were trialed, 12 of whom went on to receive a permanent implant. Of the patients receiving permanent implants, the responder rate (50% pain relief) was 67% (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.34 to 0.90), with an average follow‐up period of 12.1 ± 4.6 months. Of the 5 patients who had sympathetically independent pain, 3 were responders, and of the 7 patients who had sympathetically mediated pain, 5 were responders. There were no adverse events.ConclusionThis small case series suggests that HF10‐SCS may be a viable option for patients with CRPS who have chronic intractable pain, including those who had suboptimal results from traditional SCS.
Solanum lycopersicum microRNA1916 targets multiple target genes and negatively regulates the immune response in tomato
Authors: Chen Lei , Meng Jun , He Xiao Li , Zhang Min , Luan Yu Shi 
Published: October 2018

AbstractMicroRNA1916 (miR1916) is one of the nonconserved miRNAs that respond to various stresses in plants, but little has been known at present about its mechanisms in biotic stresses. In this study, the expression of Solanum lycopersicum (sly)‐miR1916 in tomato was found to be down‐regulated after infection with Phytophthora infestans or Botrytis cinerea. Tomato plants that overexpressed sly‐miR1916 displayed significant enhancement in susceptibility to P. infestans and B. cinerea infection, as well as increased tendency to produce reactive oxygen species. Silencing of sly‐miR1916 by short tandem target mimic and artificial microRNA strategies caused the tomato plants to become more tolerant to adverse conditions. In addition, lower sly‐miR1916 expression could up‐regulate the expression of strictosidine synthase (STR‐2), UDP‐glycosyltransferases (UGTs), late blight resistance protein homolog R1B‐16, disease resistance protein RPP13‐like, and MYB transcription factor (MYB12), which ultimately resulted in the accumulation of α‐tomatine and anthocyanins via STR‐2, UGT, and MYB12. Furthermore, ectopic expression of sly‐miR1916/STR‐2 significantly changed the tolerance of tobacco to B. cinerea. Taken together, the results demonstrated that sly‐miR1916 might regulate the expression of STR‐2, UGT, and MYB12 in tomato plant, conferring sensitivity to biotic stress via modulating α‐tomatine and anthocyanins.
Diadinoxanthin de‐epoxidation as important factor in the short‐term stabilization of diatom photosynthetic membranes exposed to different temperatures
Authors: Bojko Monika , Olchawa‐Pajor Monika , Goss Reimund , Schaller‐Laudel Susann , Strzałka Kazimierz , Latowski Dariusz 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe importance of diadinoxanthin (Ddx) de‐epoxidation in the short‐term modulation of the temperature effect on photosynthetic membranes of the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum was demonstrated by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), Laurdan fluorescence spectroscopy, and high‐performance liquid chromatography. The 5‐SASL spin probe employed for the EPR measurements and Laurdan provided information about the membrane area close to the polar head groups of the membrane lipids, whereas with the 16‐SASL spin probe, the hydrophobic core, where the fatty acid residues are located, was probed. The obtained results indicate that Ddx de‐epoxidation induces a two component mechanism in the short‐term regulation of the membrane fluidity of diatom thylakoids during changing temperatures. One component has been termed the “dynamic effect” and the second the “stable effect” of Ddx de‐epoxidation. The “dynamic effect” includes changes of the membrane during the time course of de‐epoxidation whereas the “stable effect” is based on the rigidifying properties of Dtx. The combination of both effects results in a temporary increase of the rigidity of both peripheral and internal parts of the membrane whereas the persistent increase of the rigidity of the hydrophobic core of the membrane is solely based on the “stable effect.”
Seasonal changes in taxon richness and abundance of mobile invertebrates inhabiting holdfast of annual kelp Ecklonia radicosa (Phaeophyceae, Lessoniaceae) at the central Pacific coast of Japan
Authors: Akita Shingo , Yamada Hirokazu , Ito Madoka , Fujita Daisuke 
Published: October 2018

SUMMARYTo investigate seasonal changes in the taxon richness and abundance of mobile invertebrates inhabiting holdfasts of the warm temperate annual kelp Ecklonia radicosa, five holdfasts were collected monthly at the central Pacific coast of Japan from April to November 2014. During the study period, there was little variation in holdfast height and diameter, which ranged from 5.9 to 8.5 cm and from 7.1 to 10.8 cm, respectively. In total 7087 animals were collected from 40 holdfasts (177.2 individuals inds./holdfast, on average). The number of mobile invertebrates gradually increased from May (15 ± 9.9 inds./holdfast) to August (346 ± 152.5 inds./holdfast), with over 300 inds./holdfast until October before rapidly decreasing in November (110 ± 85.6 inds./holdfast). Similarly, taxon richness increased gradually from April (4.3 ± 1.0 taxa/holdfast) to August (11.0 ± 3.7 taxa/holdfast), and decreased in November (8.6 ± 2.3 taxa/holdfast). Interestingly, hundreds of mobile invertebrates inhabited holdfasts of kelp plants that had shed their blade in October and November. Taxon composition from August to October and the number of invertebrates from July to November were comparable to data previously reported for perennial kelps. In this study, the importance of annual Ecklonian species as biogenic habitats was demonstrated for the first time.