bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Targeting the MTF2–MDM2 Axis Sensitizes Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia to Chemotherapy
Authors: Maganti Harinad B. , Jrade Hani , Cafariello Christopher , Manias Rothberg Janet L. , Porter Christopher J. , Yockell-Lelièvre Julien , Battaion Hannah L. , Khan Safwat T. , Howard Joel P. , Li Yuefeng , Grzybowski Adrian T. , Sabri Elham , Ruthenburg Alexander J. , Dilworth F. Jeffrey , Perkins Theodore J. , Sabloff Mitchell , Ito Caryn Y. , Stanford William L. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Deep sequencing has revealed that epigenetic modifiers are the most mutated genes in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Thus, elucidating epigenetic dysregulation in AML is crucial to understand disease mechanisms. Here, we demonstrate that metal response element binding transcription factor 2/polycomblike 2 (MTF2/PCL2) plays a fundamental role in the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) and that its loss elicits an altered epigenetic state underlying refractory AML. Unbiased systems analyses identified the loss of MTF2–PRC2 repression of MDM2 as central to, and therefore a biomarker for, refractory AML. Thus, immature MTF2-deficient CD34+CD38− cells overexpress MDM2, thereby inhibiting p53 that leads to chemoresistance due to defects in cell-cycle regulation and apoptosis. Targeting this dysregulated signaling pathway by MTF2 overexpression or MDM2 inhibitors sensitized refractory patient leukemic cells to induction chemotherapeutics and prevented relapse in AML patient-derived xenograft mice. Therefore, we have uncovered a direct epigenetic mechanism by which MTF2 functions as a tumor suppressor required for AML chemotherapeutic sensitivity and identified a potential therapeutic strategy to treat refractory AML.
Significance: MTF2 deficiency predicts refractory AML at diagnosis. MTF2 represses MDM2 in hematopoietic cells and its loss in AML results in chemoresistance. Inhibiting p53 degradation by overexpressing MTF2 in vitro or by using MDM2 inhibitors in vivo sensitizes MTF2-deficient refractory AML cells to a standard induction-chemotherapy regimen. Cancer Discov; 8(11); 1376–89. ©2018 AACR.
See related commentary by Duy and Melnick, p. 1348.
This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1333
Motherhood(s) and Polytheisms: Epistemological and Methodological Reflections on the Study of Religions, Gender, and Women
Authors: Guignard Florence Pasche , Pedrucci Giulia 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThrough an approach that combines the academic study of religions with motherhood studies, this article examines rarely considered maternal aspects of Demeter, a goddess of the pantheon of ancient Greek religion. We first discuss theoretical input and concepts drawn from maternal theory that are relevant to uncover innovative lines of research on religious representations and practices in polytheistic systems of the past. In this way we also contribute to broader epistemological reflections in the history and study of religions. Then, considering theHomeric Hymnas well as key ritual elements of theThesmophoriafestival through the lenses of maternal theory, we examine the mother-daughter relationship and the role of the mother as maternal trainer. This concrete case study from the ancient Greek world demonstrates the relevance for historians of religions of considering past polytheistic systems while harnessing the fruitful interdisciplinary potential of maternal theory.
Restraining small decapods and amphipods for in vivo laboratory studies
Authors: Gurkov Anton , Borvinskaya Ekaterina , Shchapova Ekaterina , Timofeyev Maxim 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
During physiological studies, it is often required to restrain a small animal for an experiment, as it is typically challenging to perform in vivo imaging or measurements on freely moving individuals. In this article we describe two widely applicable approaches for repeated restraint of small (approx. 0.5-4 cm) decapods and amphipods that are established in our laboratory: immobilization using gentle gluing and suction. Application of both these approaches as well as their advantages and disadvantages are discussed in detail.
Six new freshwater species of Parvimysis, with notes on breeding biology, statolith composition, and a key to the Mysidae (Mysida) of Amazonia
Authors: Wittmann Karl J. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Supplemented descriptions are given for the genus Parvimysis Brattegard, 1969, and its freshwater species P. pisciscibus Henderson & Bamber, 1983, from the Amazon system upstream of the Rio Negro-Solimões confluence. Six new species are described from this range, based on differences regarding eyes, antennae, modified spines in the foregut, fourth male pleopod, and telson. A total of nine freshwater Mysidae species are now known from the Amazon Basin, revealing this system among world’s most species-rich in freshwater mysids. At least five species have the static bodies mineralized with vaterite, a metastable polymorph of crystalline calcium carbonate. The oostegites of at least six Parvimysis species show few setae but are exceptional in exhibiting discoidal structures for the attachment of eggs and larvae. A key to the Mysidae of Amazonia is provided, including keys to all currently known species of Parvimysis and Surinamysis Bowman, 1977.
Simultaneous multitasking behaviour affects feeding efforts of male fiddler crabs (Brachyura, Ocypodidae)
Authors: Tina Fahmida Wazed , Jaroensutasinee Mullica , Jaroensutasinee Krisanadej 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
In animals, both monotasking and multitasking behaviours are observed. Multitasking behaviour helps to increase output quantity, but one activity may distract attention from another, and activities may interact negatively as they compete for the same amount of time available. To test this, we video recorded 23 Austruca bengali (Crane, 1975) males who were ‘feeding only’ (monotasking) and 24 males who were ‘feeding and courting (waving major claws) females’ simultaneously (multitasking). We measured the feeding and waving rates for ‘feeding and waving’ males, and the feeding rate for ‘feeding only’ males. We found that the feeding rate of ‘feeding only’ males was higher, but they reduced their feeding rate when they shared the time for feeding and courting. Moreover, feeding rate was negatively correlated with waving rate for ‘feeding and waving’ males. Our results indicate that courting activity distracted attention from feeding activity, and that activities interacted negatively with each other.
On the identities of Pinnotheres villosissimus Doflein, 1904, P. dofleini Lenz, in Lenz & Strunck, 1914, and P. pilumnoides Nobili, 1906 (Decapoda, Brachyura, Pinnotheridae) from the western Indian Ocean
Authors: Ng Peter K. L. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Doflein (1904) accidentally transposed the figures for the third maxillipeds of two species of pinnotherid crabs he described, a mistake which has taxonomic consequences. The species he described, Pinnotheres villosissimus Doflein, 1904, from Sumatra, is here referred to its own genus, Trichobezoares n. gen. The specimen Doflein identified as “Pinnotheres sp.” from South Africa was referred to a new species, Pinnotheres dofleini by Lenz (in Lenz & Strunck, 1914) partly based on Doflein’s (1904) incorrect figure of the third maxilliped. To stabilize the taxonomy of this species, Doflein’s specimen is selected as the lectotype; fixing the species as a member of Afropinnotheres Manning, 1993. Pinnotheres pilumnoides Nobili, 1906 (Djibouti) was differentiated from the taxon T. villosissimus partially on differences in the third maxilliped. It is redescribed, figured and shown to be a second species of Trichobezoares. The correct authorship for the species established in Lenz & Strunck (1914) is also discussed.
Maroons in Guyane
Authors: Price Richard 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
This note presents new demographic data on the number and location of “Suriname Maroons” in Guyane (French Guiana), as well as elsewhere in the world. After brief discussion of the methodological challenges of estimating the size of “ethnic” populations in a country whose census prohibits such counts, it shows that about 38 percent of Maroons now live in Guyane and that they form one-third of the total population. It ends by suggesting some implications of this demographic explosion.
Analysis of serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and AFP-L3 levels by protein microarray
Authors: Wu Min , Liu Haidong , Liu Zhaobo , Liu Chao , Zhang Aiying , Li Ning 
Published: August 2018

Objectives This study aimed to examine a simple, effective, time-saving, and low-cost protein microarray method for detecting serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and AFP-L3 levels. Methods Serum samples from patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (n = 33) and control subjects (n = 39) were collected and evaluated for the presence of AFP using a novel protein microarray. Glycoprotein (including AFP-L3) was enriched from crude samples by a Hotgen Biotech glycosyl capture spin column and then detected by protein microarray. An electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA) was used to validate the measured values. Results Neither AFP levels lower than 20 ng/mL in the HCC group nor AFP levels higher than 20 ng/mL in the control group were found when tested by the ECLIA and protein microarray. The kappa test showed good consistency in the diagnostic performance of measuring serum AFP levels and the percentage of AFP-L3 in total AFP by the ECLIA and protein microarray. Protein microarray had advantages of smaller sample size required, low cost, and convenience compared with the ECLIA. Conclusion The protein microarray assay that was developed in the present study shows potential as an economic and convenient technique for detecting AFP and AFP-L3 levels in serum samples from patients with HCC.
Effect of characteristics and life in cities in China on residents’ smoking behaviour
Authors: Chen Yang , Chen Hongsheng , Li Zhigang 
Published: August 2018

Objective This study aimed to identify the relationship between city-level economic development and smoking behaviour. Methods Using multilevel mixed-effects logistic methods, we examined the relationship between smoking/passive smoking and respondents’ lifestyles in the city. Results We found that respondents living in cities with higher per capita gross domestic product (GDP) were less likely to smoke than those living in cities with lower per capita GDP (odds ratio [OR] = 0.977, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.958–0.997). Further, respondents with higher levels of life satisfaction and subjective social status were less likely to smoke than those with lower levels of these variables (OR = 0.942, 95% CI: 0.893–0.994; OR = 0.955, 95% CI: 0.928–0.983, respectively). In terms of passive smoking, respondents with higher levels of subjective social status in their cities were less likely to smoke than those with lower levels (OR = 0.972, 95% CI: 0.948–0.996). Smoking and exposure to second-hand smoke were more common among those with lower socioeconomic status. Conclusions Smoking is one of the most serious public health hazards in China. People’s smoking behaviour is significantly related to characteristics of their cities and their socioeconomic status. Improved smoking-prevention measures are urgently required in China.
Captain Alfred Dreyfus: A case study in the group dynamics of scapegoating
Authors: Behr Harold 
Published: August 2018

This article explores the metaphor of the scapegoat by offering a case study taken from the history of France at the turn of the 20th-century. The case is presented of a French army officer, Captain Alfred Dreyfus, whose wrongful conviction for treason created an international sensation and tore French society apart. The author outlines the general features of the scapegoating dynamic and applies them to the Dreyfus case. He sets out the flow of events from Dreyfus’s first trial through to the official declaration of his innocence a century after his conviction, illustrating the tenacity of the scapegoating dynamic when an entire nation is caught up in the process. The view is put forward that it was the dramatic intervention by the novelist Emile Zola in the Dreyfus case which arrested the scapegoating process. The author asks what the implications of this might be for group analysis. At the centre of the Dreyfus case was the fact of his Jewishness. The author depicts anti-Semitism as a deeply rooted set of assumptions based on myths about the Jews. He touches on the origins of these myths in early monotheistic theology and in the political ideology of the Far Left and the Far Right. An explanation is offered for the persistence of these myths in our culture, which may extend to our understanding of myths surrounding other peoples and societies. The author concludes with some reflections on the recurring nature of the scapegoat phenomenon.
Do emotional responses to food images differ within different types of eating disorders?
Authors: Foroughi Nasim , Madden Sloane , Clarke Simon , Kohn Michael , Donnelly Brooke , Touyz Stephen , Hay Phillipa 
Published: August 2018

Objectives: To investigate emotional responses to food images in women with eating disorders (EDs) and healthy controls (HCs); and in underweight individuals post weight-restoration. Methods: Women (>14 years) with ( n = 139) and without ( n = 41) an ED rated food images evoking fear, disgust and happiness on a three-visual-analogue scale. Underweight participants viewed the images at two time-points; pre- and post-weight-restoration. Results: HCs were significantly happier, less fearful/anxious prior to viewing the images compared with EDs. Negative emotional responses when viewing images were significantly greater ( p < .001) in EDs compared with HCs; however, groups did not differ in happiness. Emotional responses were not significantly different within the ED groups. At post weight-restoration, individuals were significantly less anxious/disgusted when viewing the images. Conclusions: The importance of considering emotional responses when discussing food consumption in EDs trans-diagnostically is highlighted. Weight recovery reduces negative food responses, although responses remained high in comparison to HCs.
Single 6-mg dose of rasburicase: The experience in a large academic medical center
Authors: Nauffal Mary , Redd Robert , Ni Jian , Stone Richard M , DeAngelo Daniel J , McDonnell Anne M 
Published: August 2018

Background Tumor lysis syndrome is an oncologic emergency due to the release of tumor cell contents, leading to metabolic derangements. Rasburicase, a recombinant urate oxidase, catabolizes uric acid. At our institution, we administer a single 6-mg dose of rasburicase to patients who are at risk for tumor lysis syndrome. We aimed to assess the efficacy of single 6-mg dose of rasburicase and explore risk factors associated with rasburicase failure. Methods We report results in 92 adult patients who had a baseline uric acid greater than 7.5 mg/dL and received a single 6-mg dose of rasburicase for the management of tumor lysis syndrome. Responders were defined as those whose uric acid was less than or equal to 7.5 mg/dL within 24–36 h of rasburicase administration. The primary end point was response based on uric acid level. Secondary end points included response to rasburicase in association with lactate dehydrogenase, serum creatinine, calcium, phosphorus, blood pH, and oncologic diagnosis. Results Median age was 65 years and 70% were men. Most patients had leukemia (32%) or lymphoma (40%). Eighty-seven of 92 patients (95%), who received single 6-mg dose of rasburicase, achieved a uric acid less than 7.5 mg/dL within 24–36h of dosing. Body mass index was similar between responders and non-responders: 28.6 kg/m2 vs. 26.6 kg/m2, respectively, p = 0.6. Baseline lactate dehydrogenase levels were similar between the groups: 756 U/L vs. 892 U/L, respectively, p = 0.33. Blood pH values documented within 24 h of first dose of rasburicase were also similar between the two groups (n = 30; 7.33 vs. 7.34 respectively, p = 0.6). However, median baseline uric acid was lower in responders than non-responders: 12.3 mg/dL vs. 17.3 mg/dL, respectively, p = 0.012. Baseline serum creatinine and creatinine clearance were similar between responders and non-responders (2.2 mg/dL vs. 3.95 mg/dL; p = 0.12 and 29 mL/min vs. 16 mL/min; p = 0.11, respectively). Conclusions Higher baseline uric acid levels were observed in patients who did not respond to the first rasburicase dose. In our study, uric acid levels normalized in 95% of patients after a single 6-mg dose of rasburicase indicating that a single 6-mg dose of rasburicase may be sufficient to manage tumor lysis syndrome, for most patients.
‘Living in the community’ the pros and cons: A systematic literature review of the impact of deinstitutionalisation on people with intellectual and psychiatric disabilities
Authors: Bredewold Femmianne , Hermus Margot , Trappenburg Margo 
Published: August 2018

Summary How did deinstitutionalisation affect the lives of people with intellectual disabilities and people with a psychiatric background? This paper contains a systematic literature review on the consequences of deinstitutionalisation for the target groups, their social network and society at large. PubMed and Online Contents were searched from 2004 till February 2016. Inclusion criteria were (1) article describes (a) consequence(s) of deinstitutionalisation, (2) in Western countries and (3) the target group(s) include people with psychiatric or intellectual disabilities. Sixty-one papers were found and analysed to establish positive, negative or mixed results. Findings The positive effects pertain to the quality of life of people with disabilities after deinstitutionalisation. They learned adaptive skills and receive better care. Negative effects relate to more criminal behaviour by the target groups, victimisation of the target groups and physical health issues. Life for the most severely afflicted people with disabilities deteriorated when they moved to smaller group homes in the community. Mixed effects were also found. It is not clear whether deinstitutionalisation leads to real inclusion in the community. It is equally unclear whether it is cheaper than large-scale institutional care. Only a few studies investigate the effects on family members but some show they are overburdened. Applications Social workers catering for people with disabilities should pay attention to risks for their health and safety and keep an eye on family members. Those who are asked to advise on deinstitutionalisation should consider that this may not benefit the most severely afflicted.
Interrogating social work: Australian Social Work and the Stolen Generations
Authors: Yu Nilan 
Published: August 2018

Summary In the context of Australian social work’s “past complicity” in the disadvantaging of Indigenous Australians , this study examined what was said in the journal of the Australian Association of Social Workers about the taking of Indigenous children and the challenges confronting Indigenous Australians during the last two decades of the policies and practices that created what has since been known as the Stolen Generations. A content analysis was undertaken of 23 years of articles in the journal Australian Social Work between 1948 and 1970, the period roughly representing the first two decades of the journal’s publication and the last two decades of what was by then a time-honored practice that shaped the lives of thousands of Indigenous children and their families. Findings The study found that very little was said in the journal about the practice in question. Of the 331 articles in the journal within the period, only one article expressly touched on the care of Indigenous children beyond their biological family and community and only one article advanced a critique of the taking of Indigenous children. A landmark change in the constitution affecting all Indigenous Australians came and went without mention. Thus, some of the most important issues affecting the welfare and rights of Indigenous Australians were largely ignored in the professional journal. Applications It is argued that the findings in this study can inform a critical understanding of contemporary social work in different parts of the world.
Diabetes, subclinical atherosclerosis and multiple cardiovascular risk factors in hard-to-reach asymptomatic patients
Authors: Mamudu Hadii M , Alamian Arsham , Paul Timir , Subedi Pooja , Wang Liang , Jones Antwan , Alamin Ali E , Stewart David , Blackwell Gerald , Budoff Matthew 
Published: August 2018

Aim: To examine the association of cardiovascular disease risk factors with and their cumulative effect on coronary artery calcium in hard-to-reach asymptomatic patients with diabetes. Methods: A total of 2563 community-dwelling asymptomatic subjects from Central Appalachia participated in coronary artery calcium screening at a heart centre. Binary variable was used to indicate that coronary artery calcium was either present or absent. Independent variables consisted of demographic and modifiable risk factors and medical conditions. Descriptive statistics and multinomial logistic regression analyses were conducted. Results: In total, 55.8% and 13.7% of study participants had subclinical atherosclerosis (coronary artery calcium ⩾1) and diabetes, respectively. The presence of coronary artery calcium was higher in subjects with diabetes (68.5%) than those without (53.8%). Compared to subjects without diabetes with coronary artery calcium = 0, obesity, hypertension, hypercholesterolaemia and smoking increased the odds of the presence of coronary artery calcium (coronary artery calcium score ⩾1) regardless of diabetes status; however, with larger odds ratios in subjects with diabetes. Compared to subjects without diabetes with coronary artery calcium score = 0, having 3, 4 and ⩾5 risk factors increased the odds of presence of coronary artery calcium in subjects with diabetes by 14.06 (confidence interval = 3.26–62.69), 32.30 (confidence interval = 7.41–140.82) and 47.12 (confidence interval = 10.35–214.66) times, respectively. Conclusion: There is a need for awareness about subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with diabetes and more research about coronary artery calcium in subpopulations of patients.