bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Optimal Timing of Restaging Resection before Introduction of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin Immunotherapy in Patients with High-Risk Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer
Authors: Krajewski Wojciech , Zdrojowy Romuald , Dembowski Janusz , Poletajew Sławomir , Wróbel Michał , Łuczak Mateusz , Tukiendorf Andrzej , Kolodziej Anna 
Published: September 2018

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> The study aimed to analyze the influence of restaging transurethral resection of bladder tumor (reTURB) timing on outcomes in patients receiving Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) immunotherapy. <b><i>Material and Methods:</i></b> This retrospective study enrolled 491 patients with bladder cancer receiving BCG intravesical therapy between 1998 and 2016. All patients were followed up for at least 12 months and received at least 7 BCG instillations. The patients were analyzed in terms of recurrence free, progression free, and cancer specific survival (CSS). <b><i>Results:</i></b> Median follow-up was 57 months (12–257 months). The risk for all analyzed clinical events was higher in patients who underwent reTURB after 6 weeks from primary TURB. After the change point of 57 days after primary resection, further delay was not associated with increased risk of recurrence and progression. The time limit for CSS was 76 days. With every 1 more day of time interval between TURB and reTURB, the risk of each clinical event in follow-up increased by 4%. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> There is no benefit of the reTURB performed after 8 weeks from primary TURB. Optimal timing of reTURB is from 2 to 6 weeks after initial TURB. However, even within this time frame, the sooner the procedure is performed, the risk of recurrence, progression, or cancer-specific death is lower.
Can Haematology Blood Tests at Time of Diagnosis Predict Response to Neoadjuvant Treatment in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer?
Authors: Ramsay George , Ritchie Duncan T. , MacKay Craig , Parnaby Craig , Murray Graeme , Samuel Leslie 
Published: September 2018

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Outcomes in locally advanced rectal cancer are improved by neoadjuvant therapy followed by surgical resection. Some patients respond completely to preoperative treatment. Therefore, predicting the pathological response to preoperative therapy is of clinical importance. Accurate prediction would allow for tailored approaches to neoadjuvant therapy. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> All patients undergoing resection of rectal adenocarcinoma after neoadjuvant therapy between 2006 and 2015 were included in this cohort study. Patients were identified from a prospectively collected database and data were supplemented retrospectively with full blood count at diagnosis. Specimens resected following neoadjuvant therapy were graded according to pathological response. Follow-up data was obtained from the national registry. The primary outcome was complete pathological response. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Of 330 patients, 71 (21.5%) responded completely to preoperative therapy. Median age was 66 and 65% were male (<i>n</i> = 215). White cell count (WCC) was the most predictive marker, for predicting pCR; area under the curve (AUC) 0.666. This was higher than neutrophil/platelet ratio (AUC 0.652) or neutrophil/lymphocyte ratios (AUC = 0.437). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed those patients with WCC &#x3e; 8 had poorer survival than those with WCC &#x3c; 8 (<i>p</i> = 0.009). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Routinely collected haematology samples at the point of diagnosis can assist in predicting for complete response to neoadjuvant therapy. Although novel biomarkers will have a greater predictive value, this clinically available value test could help to assist in risk stratification of patients using routinely collected laboratory tests.
Pericyte-Specific Ninjurin1 Deletion Attenuates Vessel Maturation and Blood Flow Recovery in Hind Limb Ischemia
Authors: Minoshima Akiho , Kabara Maki , Matsuki Motoki , Yoshida Yuri , Kano Kohei , Tomita Yui , Hayasaka Taiki , Horiuchi Kiwamu , Saito Yukihiro , Aonuma Tatsuya , Nishimura Masato , Maruyama Keisuke , Nakagawa Naoki , Sawada Jun , Takehara Naofumi , Hasebe Naoyuki , Kawabe Jun-ichi 
Published: September 2018

Objective—
Angiogenesis, entire step from endothelial cells (ECs) sprouts to vascular maturation, is a critical response to ischemia. To form functional mature vessels, interactions between ECs and pericytes are essential. Ninj1 (ninjurin1) is an adhesion molecule that contributes to the pathogenesis of neuroinflammation. We recently demonstrated that Ninj1 is expressed in pericytes during angiogenesis. However, the role of Ninj1 in angiogenesis under pathophysiological ischemic conditions has not yet been elucidated.

Approach and Results—

Ninj1 was detected in microvessels, and its expression was enhanced in ischemic tissues after mouse hindlimb ischemia. Knockdown of
Ninj1
was performed by injection of biodegradable microspheres releasing Ninj1-small interfering RNA into muscle tissues. Alternatively, pericyte-specific
Ninj1
knockout was induced by tamoxifen treatment of NG2-CreERT/Ninj1-flox mice. Ninj1 knockdown/knockout reduced the formation of blood-circulating functional vessels among total CD31
+
microvessels within ischemic tissues and subsequently attenuated color Doppler–assessed blood flow recovery. Ninj1 overexpression enhanced expression of Anpt (angiopoietin) 1, whereas Ninj1 knockdown enhanced the endogenous Anpt1 antagonist, Anpt2 expression in pericytes and inhibited the association of pericytes with ECs and subsequent formation of capillary-like structure, that is, EC tube surrounded with pericytes in 3-dimensional gel culture.

Conclusions—
Our data demonstrate that Ninj1 is involved in the formation of functional matured vessels through the association between pericytes and ECs, resulting in blood flow recovery from ischemia. These findings further the current our understanding of vascular maturation and may support the development of therapeutics for ischemic diseases.
Pilot Study to Compare the Use of End‐Tidal Carbon Dioxide–Guided and Diastolic Blood Pressure–Guided Chest Compression Delivery in a Swine Model of Neonatal Asphyxial Cardiac Arrest
Authors: O'Brien Caitlin E. , Reyes Michael , Santos Polan T. , Heitmiller Sophia E. , Kulikowicz Ewa , Kudchadkar Sapna R. , Lee Jennifer K. , Hunt Elizabeth A. , Koehler Raymond C. , Shaffner Donald H. 
Published: September 2018

Background

The American Heart Association recommends use of physiologic feedback when available to optimize chest compression delivery. We compared hemodynamic parameters during cardiopulmonary resuscitation in which either end‐tidal carbon dioxide (
ETCO
2
) or diastolic blood pressure (
DBP
) levels were used to guide chest compression delivery after asphyxial cardiac arrest.

Methods and Results

One‐ to 2‐week‐old swine underwent a 17‐minute asphyxial‐fibrillatory cardiac arrest followed by alternating 2‐minute periods of
ETCO
2
‐guided and
DBP
‐guided chest compressions during 10 minutes of basic life support and 10 minutes of advanced life support. Ten animals underwent resuscitation. We found significant changes to
ETCO
2
and
DBP
levels within 30 s of switching chest compression delivery methods. The overall mean
ETCO
2
level was greater during
ETCO
2
‐guided cardiopulmonary resuscitation (26.4±5.6 versus 22.5±5.2 mm Hg;
P
=0.003), whereas the overall mean
DBP
was greater during
DBP
‐guided cardiopulmonary resuscitation (13.9±2.3 versus 9.4±2.6 mm Hg;
P
=0.003).
ETCO
2
‐guided chest compressions resulted in a faster compression rate (149±3 versus 120±5 compressions/min;
P
=0.0001) and a higher intracranial pressure (21.7±2.3 versus 16.0±1.1 mm Hg;
P
=0.002).
DBP
‐guided chest compressions were associated with a higher myocardial perfusion pressure (6.0±2.8 versus 2.4±3.2;
P
=0.02) and cerebral perfusion pressure (9.0±3.0 versus 5.5±4.3;
P
=0.047).

Conclusions

Using the
ETCO
2
or
DBP
level to optimize chest compression delivery results in physiologic changes that are method‐specific and occur within 30 s. Additional studies are needed to develop protocols for the use of these potentially conflicting physiologic targets to improve outcomes of prolonged cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
Emotional Responses of Horses to Patients Requiring Therapy
Authors: Pluta Michał , Kędzierski Witold 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Understanding horses’ attitudes toward cooperation with humans has implications for the welfare of both the horses and people involved. The aim of this study was to evaluate the emotional response of therapeutic horses to their contact with patients. The emotional responses, i.e., behavioral measures and heart rate, of six adult hippotherapeutic horses to three groups of people were tested. These groups included six adult patients with psychomotor disables with no earlier experience with horses, seven healthy adults unfamiliar with horses, and eight healthy adults familiar with horses. Two tests were performed (Person Test and Working Test). There were no significant differences between the response of horses to patients and healthy people in the Person Test. The results of the Working Test indicated that horses’ emotional excitability was lower during hippotherapeutic sessions than during riding school sessions. The contact with patients did not involve emotional excitability in therapeutic horses.
‘My Capitalism Is Bigger than Yours!’
Authors: Pal Maïa 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThis article reviews Alex Anievas and Kerem Nişancıoğlu’sHow the West Came to Rule: The Geopolitical Origins of Capitalism(2015). It argues that the book offers a stimulating and ambitious approach to solving the problems of Eurocentrism and the origins of capitalism in growing critical scholarship in historical sociology and International Relations. However, by focusing on the ‘problem of the international’ and proposing a ‘single unified theory’ based on uneven and combined development, the authors present a history of international relations that trades off methodological openness and legal complexity for a structural and exclusive consequentialism driven by anti-Eurocentrism. By misrepresenting the concept of social-property relations in terms of the internal/external fallacy, and by confusing different types of ‘internalism’ required by early-modern jurisdictional struggles, the book problematically conflates histories of international law and capitalism. These methodological problems are contextualised by examples from the Spanish, French and British empires’ conceptions of sovereignty and jurisdiction and their significant legal actors and processes.
A Combined Argument: Beyond Wallerstein?
Authors: Medved Mladen 
Published: September 2018

AbstractInHow the West Came to Rule, Alexander Anievas and Kerem Nişancıoğlu offer an alternative to both Political Marxism and world-systems analysis (WSA) by going beyond the nation-state as the unit of analysis in the former and the marginalisation of articulation and combination between modes of production in the latter. Their account also gives more room to non-European actors neglected in other interpretations of the rise of the West. However, I argue that their argument is much closer toWSAand that their critique of Wallerstein regarding Eurocentrism, the origins of capitalism and the role of wage labour in the capitalist world-system is problematic. Furthermore, Anievas and Nişancıoğlu do not offer a sufficiently rigorous definition of combination, leading to an overextension of the concept.
Court of Justice of the European Union (Seventh Chamber) Kerly Del Rosario Martinez Silva v Instituto nazionale della previdenza sociale (INPS) Comune di Genova
Authors: Friðriksdóttir Bjarney 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
This case report provides an account of the issues addressed in the preliminary ruling of the CJEU in Martinez Silva vs. Italy. The case centres on the limitations Member States of the European Union are permitted to apply in granting third-country nationals in employment equal treatment with nationals in social security rights according to Directive 2011/98/EU (the Single Permit Directive). Additionally, the preliminary ruling of the Court is discussed is discussed in the context of the human rights principle of equal treatment as it is enshrined in EU Charter of Fundamental Rights and International Labour Law.
The Right to Family Reunion vs Integration Conditions for Third-Country Nationals
Authors: Dąbrowska-Kłosińska Patrycja 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
The article explores the approach of the Court of Justice of the European Union to the clash between the fundamental right to family reunion and the powers of Member States to protect national identity as a manifestation of sovereignty. The recent case-law pertinent to national measures imposing pre-entry, integration conditions on foreigners and the latter rights under the Directive 2006/83/EC (‘FRD’) on the right of third-country nationals to family reunion provides a basis for the analysis. The aim of this article is to establish and appraise the Court’s approach to the conflict in question. My claim is that the CJEU should have been more restrictive in its reasoning regarding the pre-entry integration measures, and that its interpretation based on individual assessment, proportionality principle and effet utile may not be sufficient for a scrutiny of national powers under FRD. I thus argue that the Court should be more proactive to provide a constitutional, contextual and systemic interpretation of the right to family reunion under the FRD, Article 7 and 24 of the EU Charter and the EU migration law system.
From Chinese Precious Scrolls to Vietnamese True Scriptures: Transmission and Adaptation of the Miaoshan Story in Vietnam
Authors: Nguyễn Tô Lan , Berezkin Rostislav 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThis article deals with the process of adaptation of Chinese precious scrolls (baojuan) vernacular narratives in Vietnam in the period from the 18th to the early 20th centuries, with the example of the Princess Miaoshan story, which served the popular hagiography of Bodhisattva Guanyin (V. Quan Âm). This story was featured in severalbaojuantexts of the 15th-19th centuries that were transmitted from China to Vietnam in the 18th and 19th centuries. Several Vietnamese adaptations, both in Hán văn and in the indigenous language, transcribed in Nôm characters, were circulated in the printed form. We have collected these adaptations and undertaken a comparative study of the texts, demonstrating the complex nature of the literary exchange between vernacular literature with religious themes in Vietnam and China. We examine the place of these adaptations in traditional Vietnamese culture and demonstrate the differences in the social background of the original Chinesebaojuanand their Vietnamese adaptations.
A new species of Cylindrophis Wagler, 1828 (Reptilia: Squamata: Cylindrophiidae) from Boano Island, northern Maluku Province, Indonesia
Authors: KIECKBUSCH MAX , MADER FELIX , KAISER HINRICH , MECKE SVEN 
Published: September 2018

We describe a new species of snake of the genus Cylindrophis Wagler, 1828 from Boano Island, northern Maluku Province, Indonesia. Cylindrophis osheai sp. nov. differs from all congeners by a combination of the following eidonomic characters: (1) 19 dorsal scale rows at midbody; (2) 224−226 ventral scales; (3) 8−9 subcaudal scales; (4) 25−28 dark ventral blotches, aligned to form a broad, wavy stripe along most of the body; (5) a dark ventral pattern that is completely separated from the dark dorsal coloration; (6) an almost completely dark ventral surface on the tail; (7) a dark bar running from the eye through the 3rd and 4th supralabials to the mouth; and (8) a dark, double-diamond-shaped ventral blotch in the area immediately posterior to the genials. Eidonomic species separation from other Cylindrophis species is supported by differences in cranial osteology, as elucidated by micro-computed tomography images. Diagnostic features of the cranium include (1) well-developed postorbitofrontals that project laterally beyond the maxilla in dorsal view, creating a characteristic, horn-like appearance; (2) a broad parietal with a bulbous middle section; (3) 10–12 maxillary teeth; (4) nine palatine teeth; (5) 7–9 teeth on the pterygoid; and (6) 11–13 teeth on the dentary. We also provide notes on the taxonomic history of Cylindrophis melanotus Wagler, 1828 and an identification key to the Moluccan species of the genus.
Telementoring for improving primary care provider knowledge and competence in managing chronic pain: A randomised controlled trial
Authors: Eaton Linda H , Godfrey Daniel S , Langford Dale J , Rue Tessa , Tauben David J , Doorenbos Ardith Z 
Published: September 2018

Introduction Primary care providers are frequently unprepared to manage chronic pain adequately due in part to insufficient professional training. This study evaluated the effect of a telementoring intervention on knowledge and perceived competence related to chronic pain management. Methods The study design was a cluster randomised controlled trial. Primary care clinics that were part of the University of Washington Medicine Telehealth network were the unit of randomization. Primary care providers comprised the intervention group ( n = 23) and the control group ( n = 18). Providers in the intervention group attended telementoring sessions through the TelePain programme and presented patient cases at the beginning and end of their enrolled patients’ 12-week study period. TelePain sessions included a didactic presentation and telementoring for specific patient cases by a panel of pain specialists from the disciplines of pain medicine, internal medicine, anaesthesiology, rehabilitation medicine, psychiatry, addiction medicine, nursing and complementary and integrative pain management. Providers’ baseline and end-of-study knowledge and perceived competence in managing chronic pain were assessed by three questionnaires: Knowledge and Attitudes Survey Regarding Pain, the KnowPain-12 and the Perceived Competence Scale. Results Knowledge (Z = –0.34, p = 0.97 (Knowledge and Attitudes Survey Regarding Pain) and Z = 0.49, p = 0.62 (KnowPain-12)) and perceived competence (Z = –0.74, p = 0.46) did not increase for providers in the intervention group compared with providers in the control group. These providers attended on average 12.5 sessions (range 0–31) while participating in the study. Discussion Further research is recommended to establish the effectiveness of this telementoring intervention.
Barriers to using clozapine in treatment-resistant schizophrenia: systematic review
Authors: Farooq Saeed , Choudry Abid , Cohen Dan , Naeem Farooq , Ayub Muhammad 
Published: September 2018

Aims and methodTo systematically review the literature on barriers to the use of clozapine and identify any interventions for optimizing clozapine use in treatment-resistant schizophrenia. Journal databases were searched from 1972 to March 2018. The following search terms were used: treatment-resistant schizophrenia, clozapine, barriers, use, prescription rates, implementation, clozaril and prescribing practices. Following a review of the literature, 15 papers were included in the review.ResultsThe major barriers that were identified included mandatory blood testing, fear of serious side-effects and lack of adherence by the patients, difficulty in identifying suitable patients, service fragmentation, and inadequate training in or exposure to using clozapine.Clinical implicationsIn view of consistent evidence across the studies on inadequate knowledge and skills as a significant barrier, we suggest that a certification requiring competence in initiating and managing side-effects of clozapine becomes a mandatory requirement in training programmes.Declarations of interestNone.
Epacadostat Plus Pembrolizumab in Patients With Advanced Solid Tumors: Phase I Results From a Multicenter, Open-Label Phase I/II Trial (ECHO-202/KEYNOTE-037)
Authors: Mitchell Tara C. , Hamid Omid , Smith David C. , Bauer Todd M. , Wasser Jeffrey S. , Olszanski Anthony J. , Luke Jason J. , Balmanoukian Ani S. , Schmidt Emmett V. , Zhao Yufan , Gong Xiaohua , Maleski Janet , Leopold Lance , Gajewski Thomas F. 
Published: September 2018

Purpose Tumors may evade immunosurveillance through upregulation of the indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) enzyme. Epacadostat is a potent and highly selective IDO1 enzyme inhibitor. The open-label phase I/II ECHO-202/KEYNOTE-037 trial evaluated epacadostat plus pembrolizumab, a programmed death protein 1 inhibitor, in patients with advanced solid tumors. Phase I results on maximum tolerated dose, safety, tolerability, preliminary antitumor activity, and pharmacokinetics are reported. Patients and Methods Patients received escalating doses of oral epacadostat (25, 50, 100, or 300 mg) twice per day plus intravenous pembrolizumab 2 mg/kg or 200 mg every 3 weeks. During the safety expansion, patients received epacadostat (50, 100, or 300 mg) twice per day plus pembrolizumab 200 mg every 3 weeks. Results Sixty-two patients were enrolled and received one or more doses of study treatment. The maximum tolerated dose of epacadostat in combination with pembrolizumab was not reached. Fifty-two patients (84%) experienced treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs), with fatigue (36%), rash (36%), arthralgia (24%), pruritus (23%), and nausea (21%) occurring in ≥ 20%. Grade 3/4 TRAEs were reported in 24% of patients. Seven patients (11%) discontinued study treatment because of TRAEs. No TRAEs led to death. Epacadostat 100 mg twice per day plus pembrolizumab 200 mg every 3 weeks was recommended for phase II evaluation. Objective responses (per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors [RECIST] version 1.1) occurred in 12 (55%) of 22 patients with melanoma and in patients with non–small-cell lung cancer, renal cell carcinoma, endometrial adenocarcinoma, urothelial carcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. The pharmacokinetics of epacadostat and pembrolizumab and antidrug antibody rate were comparable to historical controls for monotherapies. Conclusion Epacadostat in combination with pembrolizumab generally was well tolerated and had encouraging antitumor activity in multiple advanced solid tumors.