bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
BZW2 gene knockdown induces cell growth inhibition, G1 arrest and apoptosis in muscle‐invasive bladder cancers: A microarray pathway analysis
Authors: Gao Haifeng , Yu Guanghai , Zhang Xian , Yu Song , Sun Yu , Li Yinghua 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBladder cancer is among the most common cancers all over the world. The function of basic leucine zipper and W2 domains 2 (BZW2) in tumour progression has been reported. However, the biological function of BZW2 in muscle‐invasive bladder cancers (MIBCs) remains to be determined. The aim of the present study was to reveal the expression and roles of BZW2 in human MIBCs and to explore the molecular mechanisms underlying these functions. Clinically, BZW2 expression was higher in MIBC tissues than the adjacent non‐tumour tissues. Knocking down BZW2 using shRNA inhibited cell proliferation and G1/S cell cycle progression in vitro, and induced apoptosis in both 5637 and T24 cells. Moreover, in vivo studies with mice xenograft models confirmed the anti‐proliferative effects of BZW2‐knockdown, providing a future therapeutic target. We also performed biochemical microarray analysis to identify the potential signalling pathways, disease states and functions which could be affected by suppressing BZW2 in MIBC cells. Collectively, our findings suggest BZW2 has an oncogenic role in MIBCs and serves as a promising target for molecular diagnosis and gene therapy.
Loss of zinc‐finger protein 143 contributes to tumour progression by interleukin‐8‐CXCR axis in colon cancer
Authors: Verma Vikas , Paek A Rome , Choi Beom-Kyu , Hong Eun Kyung , You Hye Jin 
Published: April 2019

AbstractSeveral studies have shown that expression of zinc‐finger protein 143 (ZNF143) is closely related to tumour progression including colon cancer. However, it remains unclear how ZNF143 expression is related to tumour progression within the tumour microenvironment. Here, we investigated whether ZNF143 expression affects the tumour microenvironment and tumour progression by screening molecules secreted by colon cancer cells stably expressing short‐hairpin RNAs against ZNF143 or control RNAs. We observed that secretion of interleukin (IL)‐8 was increased when ZNF143 expression was reduced in two colon cancer cell lines. The mRNA and protein levels of IL‐8 were increased in cells following ZNF143 knockdown, and this effect was reversed when ZNF143 expression was restored. The Janus tyrosine kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) and extracellular signal‐regulated kinase pathways were also shown to contribute to IL‐8 expression in ZNF143‐knockdown cells. The expression levels of ZNF143 and IL‐8 were inversely correlated with three‐dimensionally grown spheroids and colon cancer tissues. THP‐1 cells were differentiated when cells were incubated with condition media from colon cancer cell with less ZNF143, drastically. Loss of ZNF143 may contribute to the development of colon cancer by regulating intracellular and intercellular signalling for cell plasticity and the tumour microenvironment respectively.
Exploring the promise of assessing dynamic characteristics of the family for predicting adolescent risk outcomes
Authors: Fosco Gregory M. , Mak Hio Wa , Ramos Amanda , LoBraico Emily , Lippold Melissa 
Published: April 2019

BackgroundFamily‐based assessments of risk factors for adolescent emotional, behavioral, and substance use problems can be used to identify adolescents who are at risk and intervene before problems cause clinically significant impairment. Expanding traditional methods for assessing risk, this study evaluates whetherlability, referring to the degree to which parent–adolescent relationships and parenting fluctuate from day to day, might offer additional value to assessment protocols aimed at identifying precursor risk factors.MethodsThis study sampled 151 adolescents and caregivers, collecting data at a baseline assessment, a 21‐day daily diary protocol, and a 12‐month follow‐up assessment. Daily diary data were used to calculate within‐family lability scores in parenting practices, parent–adolescent connectedness, and parent–adolescent conflict.ResultsRegression analyses evaluated whether lability predicted adolescent's depression, anxiety, antisocial behavior (ASB), drunkenness, and marijuana use at 12‐month follow‐up. Lability in parent–adolescent connectedness, accounting for baseline levels, gender, age, and initial levels of outcomes, was associated with risk for depression, anxiety,ASB, drunkenness, and marijuana use. Lability in parenting practices also was associated with risk for depression, anxiety, and drunkenness. Baseline levels moderated some of these effects. Parent–adolescent conflict lability was only associated with depression.ConclusionsThese findings provide evidence for substantial value added when including dynamic assessments of family lability in predicting long‐term adolescent risk outcomes and call for integration of dynamic methods into assessment practices.
Ovicidal effects of entomopathogenic fungal isolates on the invasive Fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Authors: Akutse Komivi Senyo , Kimemia Jane Wanjiru , Ekesi Sunday , Khamis Fathiya Mbarak , Ombura Odhiambo Levi , Subramanian Sevgan 
Published: April 2019

AbstractMaize is a major staple food for over 300 million people in sub‐Saharan Africa. Sustainable productivity of this primary crop has been recently threatened by Fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda invasion. Due to lack of environmentally safe management strategies, immediate responses by growers and governments to tackle FAW are based on rampant use of pesticides. Looking for efficient biopesticides, twenty entomopathogenic fungal isolates (14 Metarhizium anisopliae and 6 Beauveria bassiana) were screened for their efficacy against eggs and second instar larvae of FAW. A single discriminating concentration of 1 × 108 conidia ml−1 and four replicates per treatment were used in all experiments. Isolates were assessed for their ability to cause mortality of FAW second instar larvae, eggs and the neonate larvae that emerged from treated eggs. Among the isolates tested, only B. bassiana ICIPE 676 caused moderate mortality of 30% to second instar larvae. Metarhizium anisopliae ICIPE 78, ICIPE 40 and ICIPE 20 caused egg mortalities of 87.0%, 83.0% and 79.5%, respectively, and M. anisopliae ICIPE 41 and ICIPE 7 outperformed all the others by causing 96.5% and 93.7% mortality to the neonate larvae, respectively. The cumulated mortality of eggs and neonates was highest with M. anisopliae ICIPE 41 (97.5%), followed by M. anisopliae ICIPE 7, 655, 40, 20 and 78 with total mortality of 96.0%, 95.0%, 93.5%, 93.0% and 92.0%, respectively. These isolates with high cumulated mortality (≥92%), especially ICIPE 78 and 7, which are already commercialized for spider mites and ticks control respectively, would be good candidates for development as biopesticides for management of FAW in Africa if further evidence of their efficacy is obtained in the field.
Gastric coccidiosis in Thoracocharax stellatus caused by Goussia guamaensis n. sp. (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from the Amazon region
Authors: da Silva Marcelo F. , de Araújo Rebeca S. , da Silva Diehgo T. , Sanches Osimar , Hamoy Igor , Matos Edilson 
Published: April 2019

AbstractNinety‐seven specimens of spotfin hatchetfish, Thoracocharax stellatus, an ornamental freshwater species from the Amazon basin, were captured in the basin of the Guamá River in the municipality of Belém, in northern Brazil, and analysed for coccidiosis infection. Overall, 26 of the specimens were infected by apicomplexan parasites of the genus Goussia, with unsporulated forms being found in the gastric epithelium and sporulated forms in the intestinal lumen. The spheroid oocysts (mean diameter: 13.2 ± 1.7 μm) have four elliptical sporocysts. A partial sequence of the SSU rDNA of the new species was obtained, which contained 1,121 base pairs, with 43.8% guanine + cytosine (G + C), and the bases distributed as follows: A = 28.1%, C = 18.3%, G = 25.5% and T = 28.1%. The combined analysis of the morphometric and phylogenetic evidence confirmed that the specimens represented the genus Goussia and were allocated to a new species, Goussia guamaensis n. sp., which is described here.
Usefulness of intestinal real‐time virtual sonography in patients with inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Kawai Shoichiro , Iijima Hideki , Shinzaki Shinichiro , Hiyama Satoshi , Yamaguchi Toshio , Araki Manabu , Iwatani Shuko , Shiraishi Eri , Mukai Akira , Inoue Takahiro , Tsujii Yoshiki , Hayashi Yoshito , Tsujii Masahiko , Takehara Tetsuo 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackground and AimTransabdominal ultrasonography (US) examination for the intestine is often difficult, and its precedence for intestinal examination depends on accessibility to experienced ultrasonographers. Real‐time virtual sonography (RVS) assists examination of US as a fusion method by synchronizing US images with pre‐captured computed tomography or magnetic resonance images. We aimed to evaluate the feasibility to use RVS for the examination of the intestine.MethodsThe time to scan three parts of the intestine was compared between conventional US and RVS in seven participants without intestinal diseases. Whether RVS accurately synchronized US images with reference images of intestinal target lesions was judged in 20 patients with inflammatory bowel disease.ResultsExamination time to scan the ascending colon and the ileocecum using intestinal RVS was significantly shorter than that using conventional US alone (36.7 vs 50.0 s [P = 0.0313] and 35.4 vs 66.4 s [P = 0.0156], respectively) in participants without intestinal diseases. Well‐synchronized US images of the intestinal lesions, such as stenosis, with reference computed tomography/magnetic resonance images were obtained by RVS in all the lesions in the fixed parts of the colon (ascending and descending colon), and images of nine lesions in 12 lesions (75%) were well synchronized in the unfixed part of the intestine in Crohn's disease patients.ConclusionReal‐time virtual sonography significantly reduced the examination time of intestinal US. Intestinal RVS can help the ultrasonographer to guide the US probe to detect and monitor intestinal lesions by synchronizing reference images, especially in inflammatory bowel disease patients (UMIN Clinical Trials Registry number: UMIN000011571).
Paritaprevir/ritonavir, ombitasvir plus dasabuvir for East Asian non‐cirrhotic hepatitis C virus genotype 1b patients receiving hemodialysis
Authors: Liu Chen‐Hua , Shih Yu‐Lueng , Yang Sheng‐Shun , Lin Chih‐Lin , Fang Yu‐Jen , Cheng Pin‐Nan , Chen Chi‐Yi , Peng Cheng‐Yuan , Hsieh Tsai‐Yuan , Chiu Yen‐Cheng , Su Tung‐Hung , Liu Chun‐Jen , Yang Hung‐Chih , Chen Pei‐Jer , Chen Ding‐Shinn , Kao Jia‐Horng 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackground and AimData regarding the efficacy and safety of paritaprevir/ritonavir, ombitasvir plus dasabuvir (PrOD) for East Asian non‐cirrhotic hepatitis C virus genotype 1b (HCV GT1b) patients receiving hemodialysis were limited.MethodsForty‐six HCV GT1b non‐cirrhotic patients receiving hemodialysis who received PrOD for 12 weeks were prospectively enrolled in seven academic centers in Taiwan. The primary efficacy endpoint was sustained virologic response 12 weeks off‐therapy (SVR12). Patients' baseline characteristics, early virokinetics, and HCV resistance‐associated substitutions (RASs) potentially related to SVR12 were analyzed. The safety profiles were also assessed.ResultsThe SVR12 rate was 100% (46 of 46 patients). Patients' baseline characteristics, on‐treatment viral decline, and baseline HCV resistance‐associated substitutions did not affect SVR12. All patients tolerated treatment well. One patient with folliculitis temporarily discontinued treatment, and another two patients had serious adverse events (SAEs), which were considered not related to PrOD treatment. The common adverse events were pruritus (19.6%), fatigue (15.2%), and upper respiratory tract infection (6.5%). Twelve (19.6%) and one (2.2%) patients had hemoglobin levels < 10 and 8.5 g/dL, respectively, which were related to renal impairment. Five (10.9%) patients had on‐treatment total bilirubin level of 1.5–3.0 mg/dL, but none developed hepatic decompensation. The bilirubin levels peaked at week 1 of treatment and then declined with continuous treatment.ConclusionTreatment with PrOD for 12 weeks is efficacious and well‐tolerated for East Asian non‐cirrhotic HCV GT1b patients receiving hemodialysis.
Environmental impacts and limitations of third‐generation biobutanol: Life cycle assessment of n‐butanol produced by genetically engineered cyanobacteria
Authors: Nilsson Astrid , Shabestary Kiyan , Brandão Miguel , Hudson Elton P. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractPhotosynthetic cyanobacteria have attracted interest as production organisms for third‐generation biofuels, where sunlight and CO2 are used by microbes directly to synthesize fuel molecules. A particularly suitable biofuel is n‐butanol, and there have been several laboratory reports of genetically engineered photosynthetic cyanobacteria capable of synthesizing and secreting n‐butanol. This work evaluates the environmental impacts and cumulative energy demand (CED) of cyanobacteria‐produced n‐butanol through a cradle‐to‐grave consequential life cycle assessment (LCA). A hypothetical production plant in northern Sweden (area 1 ha, producing 5–85 m3 n‐butanol per year) was considered, and a range of cultivation formats and cellular productivity scenarios assessed. Depending on the scenario, greenhouse gas emissions (GHGe) ranged from 16.9 to 58.6 gCO2eq/MJBuOH and the CED from 3.8 to 13 MJ/MJBuOH. Only with the assumption of a nearby paper mill to supply waste sources for heat and CO2 was the sustainability requirement of at least 60% GHGe savings compared to fossil fuels reached, though placement in northern Sweden reduced energy needed for reactor cooling. A high CED in all scenarios shows that significant metabolic engineering is necessary, such as a carbon partitioning of >90% to n‐butanol, as well as improved light utilization, to begin to displace fossil fuels or even first‐ and second‐generation bioethanol.
Skin cancer‐related coping appraisal among farmers of rural areas: Applying protection motivation theory
Authors: Ghaffari Mohtasham , Rakhshandehrou Sakineh , Tezval Jafar , Harooni Javad , Armoon Bahram 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundSkin cancers are the most common malignancies in Iran. According to the statistics, skin cancer is the most prevalent cancer in Ilam city. This study is conducted to evaluate skin cancer coping of farmers in rural areas of Ilam city.MethodsThis is a cross‐sectional study. Samples were collected by multistage random sampling. The required data were collected by a researcher‐made questionnaire from 248 farmers in rural areas of Ilam city. Questions were based on the protection motivation theory, and they were related to the subscales of response efficacy, self‐efficacy, and response costs. Collected data were analyzed by SPSS software version 16.ResultsResults of this study indicated that efficacy and perceived self‐efficacy in farmers were low and response cost was high. The efficacy and perceived self‐efficacy were high in 18.1% and 4.8% of farmers, respectively, and only 4.4% of them had low response costs, in association with protective behaviors. Regarding coping appraisal status also results showed that 204 people of farmers (82.3%) were unacceptable, one person (0.4%) was in the borderline, and 43 people (17.3%) were acceptable. There was a statistically significant association between coping appraisal status and education level and also income amount (P < 0.001) but there was no statistically significant association between coping appraisal status and family size (P > 0.670).ConclusionThe founding proved that a coping appraisal is a beneficial approach for predicting cognitive determinants of skin cancer behavior among rural farmers. The most farmers have been the low level of coping appraisal (82.3% were unacceptable).
Study of antioxidant properties of thylakoids and application in UV protection and repair of UV‐induced damage
Authors: St‐Pierre Annabelle , Blondeau Dorian , Boivin Michelle , Beaupré Vickie , Boucher Nathalie , Desgagné‐Penix Isabel 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundSkin is affected by environmental stress such as ultraviolet exposure. Topically applied antioxidants confer protection against this stress. Spinach thylakoid extracts are plant samples known as photosynthetic membranes containing antioxidant molecules able to dissipate excess of energy and oxidative stress.MethodsAntioxidant contents and activities were tested in thylakoid extracts stored for different periods at 4°C to compare their efficacities. Cytotoxicity of thylakoids was tested on human THP‐1 cells along with the capacity to protect from oxidative stress using flow cytometry. Protection of thylakoids against ultraviolet was tested on engineered human skin using two formulations and evaluated by electronic microscopy.ResultsResults indicate that thylakoid extracts possess antioxidant molecules that were not significantly affected by storage at 4°C whereas photosynthetic activity was storage‐dependent. Thylakoid extracts were not cytotoxic to human THP‐1 cells, and three extracts protected cells against reactive oxygen species. Moreover, formulation comprising 0.1% or 0.01% of thylakoids and sunscreen provided a synergetic protection against UV exposure. Thylakoid extracts mixed with a neutral cream were also able to repair UV damages on engineered human skin.ConclusionsThylakoid extracts contained various antioxidant molecules, and their properties were maintained in over storage at 4°C for more than 72 months. Molecules and enzymes present in thylakoid extracts are involved in protecting and restoring the harmful effects of UV exposure. The involvement of antioxidant molecules such as carotenoids, SOD, and Fe‐S clusters in cellular and regulatory metabolic reactions may explain the observed protective effects.
Health Status and Transitions in Cohabiting Relationships of American Young Adults
Authors: Wagner Brandon 
Published: April 2019

Objective: This study examines whether individual health predicts cohabiters' union transitions to marriage in American young adults.Background: Associations between health and subsequent marital transitions are well documented, but less is known about how health influences transitions of cohabiting relationships. As cohabitation has become a common relationship experience, understanding how health may influence cohabiters' union transitions is an important component of how health shapes relationship exposures more broadly.Method: Data were taken from Waves III and IV of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health, including the supplemental collection of relationship partners conducted during Wave III. Competing‐risk regressions for the transition of cohabiting unions to marriage were estimated in two samples: individuals and a smaller sample of cohabiting couples with information from both partners.Results: Healthier cohabiters are more likely to marry than are their less healthy counterparts, but only women's health is significantly associated with the transition to marriage. In the dyadic sample with information from both partners, the significant association between the female partner's health and the transition to marriage is robust to male partner characteristics, including health.Conclusion: Health is an important predictor of cohabitation transitions in early adulthood, but these transitions may only be sensitive to the female partner's health.
Mapping a Reliable Stroke Onset Time Course Using Signal Intensity on DWI Scans
Authors: Chen Michael M. , Chen Patrick M. , Hailey Lovella , Mortin Melissa , Rapp Karen , Agrawal Kunal , Huisa Branko , Modir Royya , Meyer Dawn M. , Hemmen Thomas , Meyer Brett C. 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND PURPOSEIdentifying a last known well (LKW) time surrogate for acute stroke is vital to increase stroke treatment. Diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI) signal intensity initially increases from onset of stroke but mapping a reliable time course to the signal intensity has not been demonstrated.METHODSWe retrospectively reviewed stroke code patients between 1/2016 and 6/2017 from the prospective; Institutional review board (IRB) approved University of California San Diego Stroke Registry. Patients who had magnetic resonance imaging of brain from onset, with or without intervention, are included. All ischemic strokes were confirmed and timing from onset to imaging was calculated. Raw DWI intensity is measured using IMPAX software and compared to contralateral side for control for a relative DWI intensity (rDWI). LKW and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) time were collected by chart review. Correlation is assessed using Pearson correlation coefficient between DWI intensity, rDWI, and time to MRI imaging. 1.5T, 3T, and combined modalities were examined.RESULTSSeventy‐eight patients were included in this analysis. Overall, there was statistically significant positive correlation (.53, P < .001) between DWI intensity and LKW time irrespective of scanner strength. Using 1.5T analyses, there was good correlation (.46, P < .001). 3T MRI analysis further showed comparatively stronger positive correlation (.66, P < .001).CONCLUSIONSThere is good correlation between DWI intensity and minutes from onset to MRI. This suggests a time‐dependent DWI intensity response and supports the potential use of DWI intensity measurements to extrapolate an LKW time. Further studies are being pursued to increase both experience and generalizability.
An Economic Analysis of Updating and Expanding School Breakfast Program Offerings in High Schools
Authors: Shanafelt Amy , Magliocco Brandon , Milbrath Kathleen , Nanney Marilyn (Susie) , Caspi Caitlin 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDSchool breakfast is an important nutritional component of a student's day. Many schools operate a school breakfast program, but high schools have low rates of participation. This study aimed to investigate the economic impact on school food service, of expanding the school breakfast program to increase participation in high schools.METHODSTen rural high schools participated in the economic analysis of expanding their school breakfast program. Schools provided data on costs of daily operation and start‐up costs. Analyses calculated the daily breakeven point, revenue, cost, and days needed to recoup costs.RESULTSSchools sold enough breakfast meals to break even on daily costs of operating an expanded program. Schools saw daily profits ranging from $196–$432 and recouped costs associated with expanding the breakfast program within 15–46 days.CONCLUSIONSExpanding the school breakfast program can be economical for schools, while increasing student exposure to the health and academic benefits of school breakfast.