bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inhomogeneous isotropic quantum spin chain associated with the difference Lamé equation
Authors: van Diejen Jan Felipe 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The spectrum and orthogonal eigenbasis are computed of a tridiagonal matrix encoding a finite-dimensional reduction of the difference Lamé equation at the single-gap integral value of the coupling parameter. This entails the exact solution, in terms of single-gap difference Lamé wave functions, for the spectral problem of a corresponding open inhomogeneous isotropic

$XY$

chain with coupling constants built from elliptic integers.
The Capital Region in the Unfinished Taiping War
Authors: Mokros Emily 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn 1853, a Taiping army infiltrated North China, threatening Beijing and the Qing dynasty itself. Though this army never reached Beijing, its northern siege had acute and lasting impacts on communities in the capital region (jifu畿輔). Attention to the capital region invites reflection on the temporality and strategic nature of commemoration. Focusing on Cangzhou 滄州, I examine how capital region communities memorialized the northern chapter of the Taiping Civil War, even as for the rest of the empire, the war remained unfinished until 1864. In gazetteers, private histories, and commemorative records, local authors reframed ambiguous realities to write their localities into a story of northern victory, regardless of the fate of the south. The timeline for commemoration in Cangzhou was interrupted, not seamless, and took place over decades. Initially addressed to Beijing and elites along the Grand Canal, Cangzhou's commemorative project was later brought into the orbit of ascendant Tianjin.
How does ethical climate attract employees’ low-carbon behaviour? The role of environmental passion and green mindfulness
Authors: Kamil Nurul Liyana Mohd , Wan Mohamad Nordin Wan Noor Azreen 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This study employs social cognitive theory to examine the dynamics of ethical climate, environmental passion, and low-carbon behaviours among Malaysian public servants based on data from 407 employees across 37 departments. Although ethical climate did not have a direct impact on low-carbon behaviour, a significant association with environmental passion was observed. Additionally, environmental passion exhibited a noteworthy relationship with low-carbon behaviour, and emerged as a mediator between ethical climate and low-carbon behaviour, with green mindfulness moderating this relationship. These findings underscore the importance of nurturing environmental passion and green mindfulness to promote low-carbon behaviour among employees and aid organisations in addressing environmental challenges. By addressing these empirical gaps, this study contributes to the literature on low-carbon behaviour and offers both theoretical insights and practical implications for sustainability initiatives.
The politics of medical expertise and substance control: WHO consultants for addiction rehabilitation and pharmacy education in Thailand and India during the Cold War
Authors: Kanazawa Reiko 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis paper explores the role of World Health Organization (WHO) medical experts in ambitious projects for substance control during the Cold War in Thailand and India. The circumstances surrounding opium production in these two nations were very different, as were the reasons for requesting expert assistance from the United Nations. Whereas the Thai military regime was concerned with controlling illicit traffic to secure its borders, the Indian government wanted to direct its opium raw materials towards domestic pharmaceutical production. Overlapping and sometimes competing agendas of country governments and international agencies converged upon each project, complicating the consultants’ work and requiring careful navigation. In both cases, medicine as a science concerned with human health and well-being was subordinated to more pressing agendas. At the same time, the article argues that WHO consultants left an important impact, though not necessarily due to their skills and training in medicine. Instead, they provided exemplars of sound governance and delivery of public health in a politically stable and economically developed country.
Study on the relationship between KCNQ1 gene–environment interaction and abnormal glucose metabolism in the elderly in a county of Hechi City, Guangxi
Authors: Chen Shiyi , Li Hai , Huang Chuwu , Li You , Cai Jiansheng , Luo Tingyu , Liang Xue , Long Bingshuang , Wei Yi , Tang Jiexia , Zhang Zhiyong , Qin Jian 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to understand the potassium voltage-gated channel KQT-like subfamily, member 1 gene polymorphism in a rural elderly population in a county in Guangxi and to explore the possible relationship between its gene polymorphism and blood sugar. The 6 SNP loci of blood DNA samples from 4355 individuals were typed using the imLDRTM Multiple SNP Typing Kit from Shanghai Tianhao Biotechnology Co. The data combining epidemiological information (baseline questionnaire and physical examination results) and genotyping results were statistically analyzed using GMDR0.9 software and SPSS22.0 software. A total of 4355 elderly people aged 60 years and above were surveyed in this survey, and the total abnormal rate of glucose metabolism was 16·11 % (699/4355). Among them, male:female ratio was 1:1·48; the age group of 60–69 years old accounted for the highest proportion, with 2337 people, accounting for 53·66 % (2337/4355). The results of multivariate analysis showed that usually not doing farm work (OR 1·26; 95 % CI 1·06, 1·50), TAG ≥ 1·70 mmol/l (OR 1·19; 95 % CI 1·11, 1·27), hyperuricaemia (OR 1·034; 95 % CI 1·01, 1·66) and BMI ≥ 24 kg/m2 (OR 1·06; 95 % CI 1·03, 1·09) may be risk factors for abnormal glucose metabolism. Among all participants, rs151290 locus AA genotype, A allele carriers (AA+AC) were 0.70 times more likely (0.54 to 0.91) and 0.82 times more likely (0.70 to 0.97) to develop abnormal glucose metabolism than CC genotype carriers, respectively. Carriers of the T allele at the rs2237892 locus (CT+TT) were 0.85 times more likely to have abnormal glucose metabolism than carriers of the CC genotype (0.72 to 0.99); rs2237897 locus CT gene. The possibility of abnormal glucose metabolism in the carriers of CC genotype, TT genotype and T allele (CT + TT) is 0·79 times (0·67–0·94), 0·74 times (0·55–0·99) and 0·78 times (0·66, 0·92). The results of multifactor dimensionality reduction showed that the optimal interaction model was a three-factor model consisting of farm work, TAG and rs2237897. The best model dendrogram found that the interaction between TAG and rs2237897 had the strongest effect on fasting blood glucose in the elderly in rural areas, and they were mutually antagonistic. Environment–gene interaction is an important factor affecting abnormal glucose metabolism in the elderly of a county in Hechi City, Guangxi.
Determinants of the consumption of ultra-processed foods in the Brazilian population
Authors: Silveira V. N. C. , dos Santos A. M. , França A. K. T. C. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis article aims to evaluate the sociodemographic determinants of ultra-processed foods (UPF) consumption in the Brazilian population ≥ 10 years of age. The study used data from the personal and resident food consumption module of the Family Budget Surveys, grouping foods according to the NOVA classification of food processing. The classification and regression tree (CART) was used to identify the factors determining the lowest to highest percentage participation of UPF in the Brazilian population. UPF accounted for 37·0 % of energy content in 2017–2018. In the end, eight nodes of UPF consumption were identified, with household situation, education in years, age in years and per capita family income being the determining factors identified in the CART. The lowest consumption of UPF occurred among individuals living in rural areas with less than 4 years of education (23·78 %), while the highest consumption occurred among individuals living in urban areas, < 30 years of age and with per capita income ≥ US$257 (46·27 %). The determining factors identified in CART expose the diverse pattern of UPF consumption in the Brazilian population, especially conditions directly associated with access to these products, such as penetration in urban/rural regions. Through the results of this study, it may be possible to identify focal points for action in policies and actions to mitigate UPF consumption.
Unveiling the intrinsic role of malnutrition in patients with Crohn’s disease undergoing major surgery using entropy balancing weighting analysis
Authors: Taffurelli Giovanni , Montroni Isacco , Ghignone Federico , Zattoni Davide , Mazzotti Federico , Frascaroli Giacomo , Ugolini Giampaolo 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe negative role of malnutrition in patients with Crohn’s disease is known; however, many coexisting disease-related factors could cause misinterpretation of the real culprit. This study aimed to describe the role of malnutrition using a novel methodology, entropy balancing. This was a retrospective analysis of consecutive patients undergoing elective major surgery for Crohn’s disease, preoperatively screened following the European Society for Clinical Nutrition guidelines. Two-step entropy balancing was applied to the group of malnourished patients to obtain an equal cohort having a null or low risk of malnutrition. The first reweighting homogenised the cohorts for non-modifiable confounding factors. The second reweighting matched the two groups for modifiable nutritional factors, assuming successful treatment of malnutrition. The entropy balancing was evaluated using the d-value. Postoperative results are reported as mean difference or OR, with a 95 % CI. Of the 183 patients, 69 (37·7 %) were at moderate/high risk for malnutrition. The malnourished patients had lower BMI (d = 1·000), Hb (d = 0·715), serum albumin (d = 0·981), a higher lymphocyte count (d = 0·124), Charlson Comorbidity Index (d = 0·257), American Society of Anaesthesiologists (d = 0·327) and Harvey-Bradshaw scores (d = 0·696). Protective loop ileostomy was more frequently performed (d = 0·648) in the malnourished group. After the first reweighting, malnourished patients experienced a prolonged length of stay (mean difference = 1·9; 0·11, 3·71, days), higher overall complication rate (OR 4·42; 1·39, 13·97) and higher comprehensive complication index score (mean difference = 8·9; 2·2 15·7). After the second reweighting, the postoperative course of the two groups was comparable. Entropy balancing showed the independent role of preoperative malnutrition and the possible advantages obtainable from a pre-habilitation programme in Crohn’s disease patients awaiting surgery.
Investigation of usage of antenatal care services by Syrian immigrant pregnant women and the frequency of anaemia and hypertension during the pandemic
Authors: Altaş Zeynep Meva , Sezerol Mehmet Akif 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDuring the pandemic period, the use of health services by disadvantaged groups such as immigrants has deteriorated. The study aims to evaluate the use of antenatal care services by Syrian pregnant women during the pandemic. It is a cross-sectional type of study. The population consisted of 495 pregnant women who applied to the Extended Migrant Health Center (EMHC) between August 2020 and December 2022. Demographic data and pregnancy-related health records were examined through the system records, without any contact with the pregnant women. The percentage of pregnant women who had timely follow-up for each antenatal visit were 11.5% (n=56), 17.2% (n=80), 20.0% (n=88), and 17.4% (n=73), respectively. Only 17.7% (n=87) of the pregnant women made the recommended number of visits during their pregnancy period. The recommended number of follow-ups was statistically significantly higher in women with high-risk pregnancies (p=0.045). Of the pregnant women, 27.4% had anaemia and 2.4% had hypertension. The use of antenatal care in immigrant pregnant women is very low. Interventions are needed in this regard. Increasing the utilization of antenatal care services by immigrant pregnant women is extremely important for both the health of the pregnant woman and the health of the baby.
Shifting the spotlight: What do we mean by ‘religious language’?
Authors: Ellis David 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
There are mainly two types of questions asked about religious language: those about identity (e.g., what is a religious language?) and those about meaning (e.g., what do its sentences say?). Most philosophers focus on the latter because while they disagree about meaning, they agree that some sentences are religious and that our understanding of them does not depend on us knowing what makes them religious. In this article, I provide two reasons why questions about identity should receive more attention. First, theories of identity and theories of meaning share a two-way relationship where the characteristics of one influence those of the other, and so overlooking identity overlooks important characteristics of meaning. Second, the study of religious language has been shaped by this relationship for some time and being aware of it improves our understanding of conventional trends and contemporary debates. If successful, this article will motivate philosophers to reconsider the role of identity in research and to dedicate more effort to its study.
A novel online time calibration framework via double-stage EKF for visual-inertial odometry
Authors: Li Shuaiyong , Nie Jiawei , Guo Chengchun , Yang Yang , Mei Lin 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThere is an unavoidable time offset between the camera stream and the inertial measurement unit (IMU) data due to the sensor triggering and transmission delays, which will seriously affect the accuracy of visual-inertial odometry (VIO). A novel online time calibration framework via double-stage EKF for VIO is proposed in this paper. First, the first-stage complementary Kalman filter is constructed by adapting the complementary characteristics between the accelerometer and the gyroscope in the IMU, where the rotation result predicted by the gyroscope is corrected through the measurement of the accelerometer so that the IMU can output a more accurate initial pose. Second, the unknown time offset is added to the state vector of the VIO system. The estimated pose of IMU is used as the prediction information, and the reprojection error of multiple cameras on the same feature point is used as the constraint information. During the operation of the VIO system, the time offset is continuously calculated and superimposed on the IMU timestamp to obtain the data synchronized by the IMU and the camera. The Schur complement model is used to marginalize the camera state that carries less information in the system state, avoiding the loss of prior information between images, and improving the accuracy of camera pose estimation. Finally, the effectiveness of proposed algorithm is verified using the EuRoC dataset and the real experimental data.
Informal digital learning of English in teachers: development and validation of a scale
Authors: Rezai Afsheen 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Informal digital learning of English (IDLE) is a promising way of learning English that has received growing attention in recent years. It has positive effects on English as a foreign language (EFL) learners and also creates valuable opportunities for EFL teachers to improve their teaching skills. However, there has been a lack of a valid and reliable scale to measure IDLE among teachers in EFL contexts. To address this lacuna, this study aims to develop and validate a scale to measure IDLE for EFL teachers in Iran. For this purpose, a nine-step rigorous validation procedure was undertaken: administering pilot interviews; creating the first item pool; running expert judgment; running interviews and think-aloud protocol; running the pilot study; performing exploratory factor analysis, Cronbach’s alpha, and confirmatory factor analysis; creating the second item pool; conducting expert reviews; and performing translation and translation quality check. Findings yielded a 41-item scale with six subscales: IDLE-enhanced benefits (12 items), IDLE practice (five items), support from others (nine items), authentic L2 experience (three items), resources and cognition (four items), and frequency and device (eight items). The scale demonstrated satisfactory psychometric properties such that it can be used for research and educational purposes in future.
Magnetic resonance lymphangiography abnormalities as extracardiac biomarkers of pulmonary hypertension and functional phenotype in Fontan-Kreutzer univentricular circulation
Authors: Juaneda E. , Catalfamo D. , Fregapani J.P. , Guevara A. , Peirone A. , Juaneda I. , Kreutzer C. , Lucino S. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIntroduction:Lymphatic abnormalities have been documented on magnetic resonance lymphangiography in patients with functionally univentricular circulation.Objective:The aim of this study is to evaluate associations between findings on magnetic resonance lymphangiography, cardiac catheterisation and functional phenotype in patients with Fontan-Kreutzer circulation.Materials and Methods:Between January 2017 and October 2019, seven patients with Fontan-Kreutzer circulation (16.57 ± 7.10 years) were enrolled following ethical committee approval and attainment of informed consent. Clinical data, consecutive magnetic resonance imaging and cardiac catheterisation findings were reviewed. Qualitative lymphatic abnormality types were defined as: 1 – Little or none; 2 – Localised to the supraclavicular region; 3 – Extending into the mediastinum; and 4 – Extending into the lung. Pulmonary hypertension was defined as a transpulmonary gradient > 6 mmHg. Quantitative data were assessed using Mann–Whitney U tests, and p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results:Patients with lymphatic abnormalities categorised type 1 or 2 and transpulmonary gradient ≤ 6 mmHg had a normal functional phenotype, while those with type 3 or 4 and transpulmonary gradient > 6 mmHg had a failing functional phenotype.Conclusion:Magnetic resonance lymphangiography in patients with Fontan-Kreutzer circulation and pulmonary hypertension revealed lymphatic abnormalities types 3–4, indicative of a failing functional phenotype compared to patients without pulmonary hypertension. If validated in larger studies, these results suggest the potential utility of this extracardiac biomarker for improving risk stratification. Integration of lymphangiography and transpulmonary gradient with functional class, atrioventricular valve function, and ejection fraction allowed for the categorisation of three distinct functional phenotypes, which may be valuable for future analyses.
Comorbidities, pharmacologic interventions, and mechanical interventions associated with mortality in isolated diastolic left heart failure: lessons from a national database
Authors: Loomba Rohit S. , Ikeda Nobuyuki , Farias Juan S , Villarreal Enrique G. , Flores Saul 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackground:Diastolic heart failure may be noted in paediatric patients with CHD, cardiomyopathy, or malignancies requiring chemotherapy, but the available data are scarce, and often derived from adult trials or based on theoretic or anecdotal evidence.Methods:Data between 2016 and 2021 were obtained from Pediatric Health Information System database. Patients <18 years of age with isolated diastolic heart failure admitted to ICU at some point during admission were included. They were divided into patients with and without inpatient mortality. Patients’ demographics, comorbidities using ICD-10 codes, and pharmacologic interventions were also recorded. Univariate analysis was done in demographics, comorbidities, pharmacologic interventions, and mechanical interventions between admissions with and without mortality. Multivariable logistic regression was done for inpatient mortality and multivariable linear regression was done for total hospital length of stay in survivors.Results:Isolated diastolic heart failure comprised 0.5% of critically ill paediatric patients. A total of 121 (5%) experienced mortality among the 2,273 admissions in the final analyses. Milrinone and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor were found to be associated with decreased mortality. Increasing age and diuretics were associated with decreased total hospital length of stay in survivors.Conclusion:In the cohort studied, isolated diastolic left heart failure has a 5% mortality. Several comorbidities and interventions are associated with increased mortality with milrinone and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors being associated with decreased risk of mortality. When only admissions with survival to discharge are considered, older age and diuretics are associated with lower total hospital length of stay.
Conventional vs. unconventional monetary policy under credit regulation
Authors: Kumar Ankit , Rao Rahul , Subramanian Chetan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We provide empirical evidence that the impact of quantitative easing (QE) programs on investment is weaker for countries with high-credit market regulations. We then extend a simple DSGE model with segmented financial markets to include credit regulation and examine its impact on the transmission of conventional and unconventional monetary policies. In our model, the government requires banks to hold a fraction of their assets in government debt. We show that the presence of such regulation can invert monetary transmission under QE policy: An expansionary QE program raises term premiums on corporate bonds and causes a contraction instead of an expansion in the economy. Such a perversion is absent under conventional policy. Further, in contrast to Carlstrom et al. (2017), we show that a simple Taylor rule welfare dominates a term premium peg under financial shocks, while the peg does better in the case of non-financial shocks.