bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An RNAi Screen To Identify Protein Phosphatases That Function Within theDrosophilaCircadian Clock
Authors: Agrawal Parul , Hardin Paul E 
Published: June 2018

AbstractCircadian clocks in eukaryotes keep time via cell-autonomous transcriptional feedback loops. A well-characterized example of such a transcriptional feedback loop is in Drosophila, where CLOCK-CYCLE (CLK-CYC) complexes activate transcription of period (per) and timeless (tim) genes, rising levels of PER-TIM complexes feed-back to repress CLK-CYC activity, and degradation of PER and TIM permits the next cycle of CLK-CYC transcription. The timing of CLK-CYC activation and PER-TIM repression is regulated posttranslationally, in part through rhythmic phosphorylation of CLK, PER, and TIM. Previous behavioral screens identified several kinases that control CLK, PER, and TIM levels, subcellular localization, and/or activity, but two phosphatases that function within the clock were identified through the analysis of candidate genes from other pathways or model systems. To identify phosphatases that play a role in the clock, we screened clock cell-specific RNA interference (RNAi) knockdowns of all annotated protein phosphatases and protein phosphatase regulators in Drosophila for altered activity rhythms. This screen identified 19 protein phosphatases that lengthened or shortened the circadian period by ≥1 hr (p ≤ 0.05 compared to controls) or were arrhythmic. Additional RNAi lines, transposon inserts, overexpression, and loss-of-function mutants were tested to independently confirm these RNAi phenotypes. Based on genetic validation and molecular analysis, 15 viable protein phosphatases remain for future studies. These candidates are expected to reveal novel features of the circadian timekeeping mechanism in Drosophila that are likely to be conserved in all animals including humans.
Die Zweckverfehlung als Kündigungsgrund von Bauspardarlehen durch Bausparkassen
Authors: Kupfer Tim 
Published: June 2018

Zusammenfassung
Die anhaltende Niedrigzinspolitik der Europäischen Zentralbank setzt die Bausparkassen weiterhin wirtschaftlich unter Druck. Um dieser angespannten ökonomischen Situation zu entkommen, kam und kommt es nach wie vor zu zahlreichen Kündigungen alter Bausparverträge mit einer entsprechend hohen Verzinsung durch die Bausparkassen. Dieser Praxis hat der BGH in mehreren Entscheidungen im Jahr 2017 im Grundsatz Recht gegeben und verschiedene Kündigungsgründe zu Gunsten der Bausparkassen anerkannt. Hieran anknüpfend versuchen die Bausparkassen ihre Kündigungen aber unter Erweiterung der anerkannten Kündigungsgründe fortzusetzen, um sich schneller von den unliebsamen Bausparverträgen lösen zu können. Dies ist der Anlass, die höchstrichterliche Rechtsprechung und die Annahmen der überwiegenden Ansicht in der Literatur kritisch zu hinterfragen.
Implementation of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Care Considerations
Authors: Andrews Jennifer G. , Conway Kristin , Westfield Christina , Trout Christina , Meaney F. John , Mathews Katherine , Ciafaloni Emma , Cunniff Christopher , Fox Deborah J. , Matthews Dennis , Pandya Shree 
Published: June 2018

BACKGROUND:
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is an X-linked disorder characterized by progressive muscle weakness and multisystem involvement. Recent advances in management of individuals with DMD have prolonged survival. Lack of standardized care spurred an international collaboration to develop consensus-based care considerations for diagnosis and management. In this study, we evaluate adherence to considerations at selected sites.

METHODS:
We collaborated with the Muscular Dystrophy Surveillance, Tracking, and Research Network. Our sample included males with DMD and Becker muscular dystrophy &lt;21 years as of December 31, 2010, with 1 health care encounter on or after January 1, 2012. We collected data from medical records on encounters occurring January 1, 2012, through December 31, 2014. Adherence was determined when frequency of visits or assessments were at or above recommendations for selected care considerations.

RESULTS:
Our analytic sample included 299 individuals, 7% of whom (20/299) were classified as childhood-onset Becker muscular dystrophy. Adherence for neuromuscular and respiratory clinician visits was 65% for the cohort; neuromuscular assessments and corticosteroid side effect monitoring measures ranged from 16% to 68%. Adherence was 83% for forced vital capacity and ≤58% for other respiratory diagnostics. Cardiologist assessments and echocardiograms were found for at least 84%. Transition planning for education or health care was documented for 31% of eligible males.

CONCLUSIONS:
Medical records data were used to identify areas in which practice aligns with the care considerations. However, there remains inconsistency across domains and insufficiency in critical areas. More research is needed to explain this variability and identify reliable methods to measure outcomes.
Teaching Life Lessons: When Millennials Fail
Authors: Ramirez Jeffery , Isaacson Janalee , Smith Deborah , Senger Brenda 
Published: June 2018

Background: Students who fail may face feelings of diminished self-perception, decreased sense of achievement, and experience negative emotions or moods such as: guilt, embarrassment, thoughts of reoccurring failure, feeling of letting others down or disappointing teachers and parents. Aim: This paper is to discusses the topic of failure and providing thoughts and reflections on the topic. The authors believe that faculty can help students learn to fail and also maintain their self-worth and dignity. Helping students learn from these failures and promoting resilience and humility when faced with life adversities may be one of the best lifelong lessons faculty can teach. Results: Failure is never an easy experience. When a student is faced with failure, it is critical for faculty to help the student find the positives of the experience. This as an opportunity to promote personal growth and character development. Educators are in a precarious position because learning outcomes are based on successful performance and failure can be looked upon negatively for faculty. Conclusions: Faculty are perfectly positioned to help reframe failure for students struggling in college and help them find their true passion in life. College is a transformative experience, a time for self-discovery and finding one’s true identity. It is a time to learn life lessons and how to manage adversity facilitating strong, emotionally healthy, driven men and women of future generations.
The role of social media in gastronomy industry
Authors: Hegyesné Görgényi Éva , Máté Balázs , Vafaei Seyyed Amir , Farkasné Fekete Mária 
Published: June 2018

Considering the rapidly changing business environment, staying competitive is a key issue and challenge for companies in the 21st century. The criteria of a company’s success and competitiveness is the changing behavior of the different economic actors and its influence. Through the information society came to the fore, the use of diverse information technology tools and methods has become a significant influence factor in terms of the entrepreneurs or company management and also the customers or other partners. Due to the rapid expansion of new technology developments, the role and importance of social media is continuously increasing. Also statistics show that one of the most regularly used IT tool is the social media and the different web 2.0 applications. The current study is intended to provide a better understanding how social media can emphasize the competitiveness of companies and format the consumer behavior in a special sector – the rapidly developing gastronomy industry. This paper presents an empirical research about the role of social media in the above mentioned industry based on the primary data which are gathered through a survey performed in Hungary. Beyond the empirical results presented, the paper also aims to provide some recommendations for research methodology – based on the international literature review and the Authors’ own experiences – both in gastronomy industry’s and customers’ point of view. Through the analysis the research hypotheses were examined and the most important correlations were identified between the survey results and the Authors’ initial supposition.
JEL Code: D83, L83, M31, Z33
Energy alternatives in large-scale wastewater treatment
Authors: Gabnai Zoltán 
Published: June 2018

In my article, after describing the characteristics of recent wastewater treatment activity, I introduce different traditional and innovative energetic opportunities of the compulsory waste management activities at large-scale operational level, covering national and international examples. Furthermore, the wastewater-based biomethane production and the certain plant’s energy self-sufficiency are highlighted topics as well. In the former case, it is possible to utilize the wastewater-based biomethane as fuel (and even to operate own vehicle fleet), while the second one gives the opportunity for the internal usage of produced electricity and waste heat, which can also result in significant cost-savings. As an additional option, algae-based wastewater post treatment is presented, based on the conditions of a Hungarian wastewater treatment plant, which biogas production efficiency and thus energy self-sufficiency has developed favourably due to the technological improvements. These plants may have a twofold role in the future: they are responsible for the compulsory waste management activity and on the other hand they can serve as excellent raw material mines.
JEL Code: Q25
Recruiting recent graduates to work at agricultural enterprises: Siberian region case study
Authors: Babenko Andrey , Mukhin Leonid 
Published: June 2018

The authors present the results of the analysis of the employment of graduates of agricultural specialties in the Siberian Federal District of the Russian Federation. In the Siberian Federal District, more than 20 universities are engaged in the training of specialists in agriculture. The universities pay special attention to the employment of their graduates and often have their own programs of graduates’ employment.The article is devoted to discussing the reasons why the graduates consider the work in the rural area to be unattractive (low standards of living conditions compared with town, lack of quality education for children and possibilities for professional development, etc.) The necessity of realization of the state strategy intended to support graduates of agricultural specialties is grounded, including assigning the status of civil servants to social workers in rural areas and attracting successful entrepreneurs to the village and creating conditions for the development of the entrepreneurialenvironment.
JEL Code: J21
Comparison of Fixation Techniques for Acetabular Fractures Involving the Anterior Column with Disruption of the Quadrilateral Plate
Authors: May Christian , Egloff Mike , Butscher Andre , Keel Marius Johann Baptist , Aebi This , Siebenrock Klaus Arno , Bastian Johannes Dominik 
Published: June 2018

Background:
In elderly patients who have sustained an acetabular fracture involving disruption of the quadrilateral plate (QLP), postoperative loading of the joint beyond the level of partial weight-bearing can result in medial redisplacement of the QLP. The purpose of this biomechanical study was to compare the performances of 4 different fixation constructs intended to prevent medial redisplacement of the QLP.

Methods:
Anterior column posterior hemitransverse (ACPHT) fractures with disruption of the QLP were created on synthetic hemipelves (fourth-generation Sawbones models) and subsequently stabilized with (1) a 12-hole plate bridging the QLP (Group 1), (2) the plate with added periarticular screws along the QLP (Group 2), (3) the plate combined with an infrapectineal buttress plate (Group 3), or (4) the plate with the added periarticular screws as well as the buttress plate (Group 4). The point of load application on the acetabulum was defined to be the same as the point of application of maximum vertical hip contact force during normal walking. Loads were applied to simulate either partial weight-bearing (20 cycles, from 35 to 350 N) or inadvertent supraphysiologic loads (linearly increasing loads until the onset of failure, defined as fragment displacement of >3 mm). A universal testing machine was synchronized with a digital image correlation system to optically track redisplacement at the QLP. The level of significance was set at p < 0.05.

Results:
During experimental simulation of partial weight-bearing, maximum fracture step openings never exceeded 2 mm. During simulation of inadvertent supraphysiologic load, the median load to failure was higher (p < 0.05) in Group 2 (962 N; range, 798 to 1,000 N) and Group 4 (985 N; range, 887 to 1,000 N) compared with Group 1 (445 N; range, 377 to 583 N) and Group 3 (671 N; range, 447 to 720 N).

Conclusions:
All 4 fixation constructs performed in an acceptable manner on testing with simulated partial weight-bearing. Only additional periarticular screws along the QLP increased the fixation strength.

Clinical Relevance:
Redisplacement of the QLP resulting in an incongruency of the hip joint has been associated with poor long-term outcomes. Within the constraints of this study, periarticular long screws were superior to infrapectineal buttress plates in preventing medial redisplacement of the QLP.
Hybrid MARMA-NARX model for flow forecasting based on the large-scale climate signals, sea-surface temperatures, and rainfall
Authors: Banihabib Mohammad Ebrahim , Ahmadian Arezoo , Valipour Mohammad 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
In this study, to reflect the effect of large-scale climate signals on runoff, these indices are accompanied with rainfall (the most effective local factor in runoff) as the inputs of the hybrid model. Where one-year in advance forecasting of reservoir inflows can provide data to have an optimal reservoir operation, reports show we still need more accurate models which include all effective parameters to have more forecasting accuracy than traditional linear models (ARMA and ARIMA). Thus, hybridization of models was employed for improving the accuracy of flow forecasting. Moreover, various forecasters including large-scale climate signals were tested to promote forecasting. This paper focuses on testing MARMA-NARX hybrid model to enhance the accuracy of monthly inflow forecasts. Since the inflow in different periods of the year has in linear and non-linear trends, the hybrid model is proposed as a means of combining linear model, monthly autoregressive moving average (MARMA), and non-linear model, nonlinear autoregressive model with exogenous (NARX) inputs to upgrade the accuracy of flow forecasting. The results of the study showed enhanced forecasting accuracy through using the hybrid model.
Determination of optimal dose of allylthiourea (ATU) for the batch respirometric test of activated sludge
Authors: Liu Bing , Terashima Mitsuharu , Quan Nguyen Truong , Ha Nguyen Thi , Van Chieu Le , Goel Rajeev , Yasui Hidenari 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Allylthiourea is a known specific inhibitor for ammonium oxidiser to suppress its oxygen uptake, and is commonly used for various kinds of batch respirometric tests to detect heterotrophic respiration in activated sludge. However, when high heterotrophs were present in the sample, it appeared the inhibitor was noticeably degraded and reached below the inhibition threshold after a couple of days, which resulted in overestimation of the heterotrophic respiration. The biological decomposition of the inhibitor was expressed with a Monod-type rate expression having a half-saturation coefficient of 980 mg-COD/L and maximum specific growth rate of 1.0 d−1. The developed kinetic model, including the growth and decay of the heterotrophs and nitrifiers, indicated that the ATU with about 90 mg-ATU/L which was initially dosed to the system would reach below the inhibition threshold of 1.0 mg-ATU/L after 10 days when 750 mg-COD/L of heterotrophs were present. From the kinetic model, an empirical formula to calculate a safe minimum ATU dose for the batch respirometric test was elaborated. The model also provided a modified experimental procedure to accurately estimate the initial heterotrophic biomass concentration in the sample and its specific decay rate based on IWA Activated Sludge Models.
Lay-up Optimization of Laminated Composites Using a Modified Branch and Bound Method
Authors: Canale Giacomo , Weaver Paul M. , Rubino Felice , Maligno Angelo , Citarella Roberto 
Published: June 2018

Background:Composite materials are widely used in the aerospace, marine and automotive industries. One of their main advantages is that their stacking sequence can be tailored to maximise/minimise a specific structural performance. Efficient and non-computational-expensive algorithms are always needed to find the optimum stacking sequence of a composite laminate whose thickness is either to be minimised or may be kept constant (i.e.the thickness and the plies orientation percentages are pre-determined; the problem of the optimisation is therefore permutational).Objective:A modified branch and bound algorithm is proposed here and used to determine the stacking sequence for single and multi-objective optimisation problems. Laminate thickness and orientation percentages are either variables or determined a priori (the optimisation problem is therefore permutational). Computational time is drastically reduced when compared with other meta-heuristic techniques.Methods:The proposed method is a branch and bound algorithm, modified from the original work proposed by Kim and Hwang [10]. The main novelty is the starting point of the optimisation sequence: a laminate formed by “Ideal” layers, described in this paper.Results:The modified branch and bound has been first tested with a laminate having fixed thickness and a fixed percentage of layer orientation. Three different problems have been investigated: maximisation of natural frequencies, minimisation of tip deflection and maximisation of buckling critical load. The algorithm has been also tested, secondly, for a problem of weight minimisation subjected to buckling and strength constraints.Conclusion:The MBB has been shown to give good fidelity and significant computational advantages compared with a GA. Despite the simplicity of the structures in the numerical examples, it is anticipated that the MBB can be used to determine lay-ups in multi-part structures. The method was used to determine stacking sequences for several problems. The modified branch and bound method was shown to determine good laminate designs and offer significant efficiency savings.A “Good Design” is here defined as a solution producing “Near Global Optima” fitness values by minimising the computational effort. It was shown that for a single objective without ply competition, global optima were obtained.
Perspectives of Immune Suppression in the Tumor Microenvironment Promoting Oral Malignancy
Authors: Kondoh Nobuo , Mizuno-Kamiya Masako , Takayama Eiji , Kawati Harumi , Umemura Naoki , Yamazaki Yutaka , Mitsudo Kenji , Tohnai Iwai 
Published: June 2018

Introduction:In order to survive, cancers control immune systems and evade immune detection using mediators consisting of immune checkpoint molecules and cellular systems associated with immune suppression.Methodology:During the development of cancer and chronic infections, the immune checkpoints and cellular components including regulatory T cells, myeloid derived suppressor cells and cancer associated fibroblasts are often enhanced as a mechanism of immune subversion and have therefore become very important therapeutic targets.Conclusion:In this review, we will discuss the complexity of immune-suppressive mechanisms in the tumor milieu of cancers, including oral malignancy.
Propiedades ignífugas de tableros de madera plástica producidos con diferentes especies forestales y termoplásticos reciclados
Authors: Martínez López Yonny , Paes Juarez Benigno , Martínez Rodríguez Emilio 
Published: June 2018

Los residuos de madera y termoplásticos pueden ser usados para producir nuevos productos forestales con mejores propiedades y mayor valor agregado. El objetivo de la investigación fue evaluar las propiedades ignífugas de tableros de madera plástica elaborados a partir de residuos madereros (aserrín) de diferentes especies forestales (Pinus caribaea, Pinus cubensis, Cedrela odorata, Talipariti elatus y Eucalyptus sp.), termoplásticos reciclados (polietileno de baja y alta densidad, tereftalato de polietileno y polipropileno), aditivos químicos (carbonato de calcio, ácido esteárico, estearato de calcio, estearato de zinc y agente de liga) y tetrabrik como retardante de llama. Los tableros fueron producidos a escala de laboratorio y procesados mediante extrusión. Las propiedades ignífugas fueron evaluadas mediante los ensayos de reacción y resistencia al fuego según indicaciones de la Norma Europea (UNE EN) 13823. Los tratamientos desarrollados mostraron buena respuesta en cuanto a reacción y resistencia al fuego; el tratamiento 6 mostró los mejores resultados. La extracción de la resina a la madera de las especies de pino permitió que los tableros mejoraran sus propiedades ignífugas. Los niveles más altos en cuanto a los efectos del fuego se pueden alcanzar mediante la mezcla de todas las materias primas en proporciones equitativas, las cuales aportan a los tableros mejores propiedades. La metodología propuesta para la producción de tableros de madera plástica puede ser desarrollada a gran escala por la industria de tableros, dado su bajo costo-calidad-beneficio. De esa forma se puede dar un uso sustentable a residuos industriales, propiciando su reconversión en materiales útiles para la sociedad.