bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultradense Hydrogen H(0) as Stable Dark Matter in the Universe: Extended Red Emission Spectra Agree with Rotational Transitions in H(0)
Authors: Holmlid Leif 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Studies of ultradense hydrogen H(0) in our laboratory have been reported in around 50 publications. The proton solar wind was shown to agree well with the protons ejected by Coulomb explosions in p(0). H(0) is a quantum material and can have at least two slightly different forms—ultradense protium p(0) and ultradense deuterium D(0)—which are stable even inside many stars. Mixed phases pD(0) have also been studied. These phases are the lowest-energy forms of hydrogen, and H(0) will probably exist everywhere where hydrogen exists in the universe. Rotational spectra from H(0) have been studied in laboratory experiments in emission in the visible range, giving good agreement with observations of ERE (extended red emission) in space. The ERE bands and sharp peaks agree with rotational transitions for a few coupled p–p and p–D pairs in the well studied spin state s = 4 in H(0). Since ERE is observed almost everywhere in space, this proves that H(0) is common in space. The rotational absorption from the ground state in p(0) agrees with the 220 nm extinction bump for three coupled p–p pairs in the most common spin state s = 2 studied. The uneven distribution of deuterium in space may be due to the slightly different properties of D(0), which separate it from p(0). The dark “missing mass” concluded to exist in the halos of rotating galaxies is proposed as being due to accumulation of H(0) there. Other important implications of the superfluid and superconductive phase H(0) in space await discovery.
Identifying Inflated Super-Earths and Photo-evaporated Cores
Authors: Carrera Daniel , Ford Eric B. , Izidoro Andre , Jontof-Hutter Daniel , Raymond Sean N. , Wolfgang Angie 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
We present empirical evidence, supported by a planet formation model, to show that the curve

approximates the location of the so-called photo-evaporation valley. Planets below that curve are likely to have experienced complete photo-evaporation, and planets just above it appear to have inflated radii; thus we identify a new population of inflated super-Earths and mini-Neptunes. Our N-body simulations are set within an evolving protoplanetary disk and include prescriptions for orbital migration, gas accretion, and atmospheric loss due to giant impacts. Our simulated systems broadly match the sizes and periods of super-Earths in the Kepler catalog. They also reproduce the relative sizes of adjacent planets in the same system, with the exception of planet pairs that straddle the photo-evaporation valley. This latter group is populated by planet pairs with either very large or very small size ratios (R
out/R
in ≫ 1 or R
out/R
in ≪ 1) and a dearth of size ratios near unity. It appears that this feature could be reproduced if the planet outside the photo-evaporation valley (typically the outer planet, but sometimes not) has its atmosphere significantly expanded by stellar irradiation. This new population of planets may be ideal targets for future transit spectroscopy observations with the upcoming James Webb Space Telescope.
A Study of Two Diffuse Dwarf Galaxies in the Field
Authors: Greco Johnny P. , Goulding Andy D. , Greene Jenny E. , Strauss Michael A. , Huang Song , Kim Ji Hoon , Komiyama Yutaka 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
We present optical long-slit spectroscopy and far-ultraviolet to mid-infrared spectral energy distribution fitting of two diffuse dwarf galaxies, LSBG-285 and LSBG-750, which were recently discovered by the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program (HSC-SSP). We measure redshifts using Hα line emission and find that these galaxies are at comoving distances of ≈25 and ≈41 Mpc, respectively, after correcting for the local velocity field. They have effective radii of r
eff = 1.2 and 1.8 kpc and stellar masses of M
⋆ ≈ (2–3) × 107
M
⊙. There are no massive galaxies (

) within a comoving separation of at least 1.5 Mpc from LSBG-285 and 2 Mpc from LSBG-750. These sources are similar in size and surface brightness to ultradiffuse galaxies, except they are isolated, star-forming objects that were optically selected in an environmentally blind survey. Both galaxies likely have low stellar metallicities [Z
⋆/Z
⊙] < −1.0 and are consistent with the stellar mass–metallicity relation for dwarf galaxies. We set an upper limit on LSBG-750's rotational velocity of ∼50 km s−1, which is comparable to dwarf galaxies of similar stellar mass with estimated halo masses <1011
M
⊙. We find tentative evidence that the gas-phase metallicities in both of these diffuse systems are high for their stellar mass, though a statistically complete, optically selected galaxy sample at very low surface brightness will be necessary to place these results into context with the higher surface brightness galaxy population.
Étude d’une table-ronde traitant de l’impact de l’exploitation du gaz de charbon sur l’environnement
Authors: Saint-Dizier de Almeida Valérie , Auriac-Slusarczyk Emmanuèle , Roland-Lévy Christine , Gunzburger Yann 
Published: October 2018

L’article restitue l’étude d’une table-ronde produite au cours d’une journée-débat traitant de l’exploitation du gaz de charbon dans le Nord de la France. Les journées-débat sont des réunions publiques qui constituent un moyen actuellement privilégié pour informer et impliquer la population sur des problématiques notamment environnementales. Des chercheurs avancent que les tables-rondes peuvent s’inscrire dans le courant participatif qui a pris forme dans les années 60 aux Etats-Unis. Dans cet article, nous proposons l’analyse de la transcription de la table-ronde consacrée à l’impact de l’exploitation sur l’environnement afin d’apprécier dans quelle mesure les tables-rondes intègrent le courant participatif. L’analyse s’inscrit dans une visée compréhensive ; elle met en œuvre une méthodologie visant à éclairer l’activité sous différents angles. Il ressort de l’étude, outre la mise en exergue des caractéristiques de la tableronde, que celle-ci remplit quasiment toutes les règles spécifiées dans la littérature, hormis celle relative à l’interactivité.
Consolidation ou recomposition de la société civile d’après-guerre ?
Authors: Kiwan Fadia 
Published: October 2018

Il est évident que la guerre intérieure 1 est le processus par excellence qui affecte le plus durablement le tissu des relations dans une collectivité, car en plus des destructions substantielles des infrastructures matérielles, elle s’accompagne de pertes en vies humaines, de blessures, de handicaps et de mutilations, d’enlèvements, de prise d’otages, de tortures, de vexations, d’humiliations et de peur, et ces derniers phénomènes affectent directement les populations civiles. Il faut ajouter que la durée de la guerre et sa nature influent aussi sur l’intensité de ses effets négatifs et de ce point de vue la guerre au Liban a battu les records par le nombre de volets qu’elle a comportés et par la violence (mesurée relativement en intensité de feu) qu‘elle a exercée. Si elle n’était pas une guerre civile au sens strict, c’est-à-dire du point de vue de ses acteurs, elle était civile par ses cibles et ses victimes. Qu’est devenue la société civile au Liban dans l’après-guerre ?
Le deuxième siècle d’Israël-Palestine
Authors: Carré Olivier 
Published: October 2018

Ce n’est pas essentiellement de l’extérieur, pas même des Etats-Unis, que peut advenir effectivement la paix (qui est déjà écrite, programmée et acceptée largement), mais de l’intérieur. Les puissances extérieures n’ont peut-être pas d’intérêt majeur à guérir « l’homme malade » qu’est le Proche-Orient à la suite de la Turquie ottomane, c’est même sans doute le contraire. Et, quand d’aventure leur intérêt les y pousse comme, apparemment, en 1991-2000, elles sont impuissantes en dernier ressort. Le romancier Ghassân Kanafâni (assassiné plus tard à Beyrouth) me disait en 1970 dans son bureau de la revue Al-Hadaf (du fplp - Front Populaire pour la Libération de la Palestine) : « Pas les Etats arabes, ni l’Europe, ni l’ urss , ni les usa , mais seulement Israël et nous parviendrons à la paix ».
L’ elal d’Avicenne
Authors: Rezzoug Dalila , Bennabi-Bensekhar Malika , Moro Marie Rose 
Published: October 2018

L’ELAL d’Avicenne est le premier outil transculturel d’évaluation des langues maternelles destiné aux enfants bilingues âgés de trois ans et demi à six ans et demi et utilisable jusque dix ans. Il a été validé auprès d’enfants dont la langue maternelle est le tamoul, l’arabe ou le soninké dans cinq contextes linguistiques et culturels différents : en France où les langues maternelles sont minoritaires, et au Sri Lanka, au Maroc, en Mauritanie et en Algérie où les langues étudiées sont majoritaires. Il a aussi été utilisé à Madagascar. L’ELAL est un révélateur de compétences. Cet outil est utile aux cliniciens dans une démarche d’exploration des transmissions familiales. En médecine préventive, il est utile à l’évaluation du développement langagier et à l’école, il permet de révéler des compétences transmises par la famille.
Héritage traumatique chez les enfants nés du viol pendant le génocide perpétré contre les Tutsis au Rwanda en 1994
Authors: Muhayisa Assumpta , Mutabaruka Jean , Mukarusanga Ignatiana , Duret Isabelle 
Published: October 2018

Parmi les jeunes nés du viol commis par la milice « Interahamwe » contre les filles et femmes Tutsies, le traumatisme hérité de leurs mères et de la situation de leur famille a été étudiée. 19 jeunes, (tous agés de 17 ans au moment de la passation de cette étude en 2012), et leurs mères dont l’âge variait de 33 ans à 45, ont participé à cette recherche. L’utilisation des outils de l’approche systémique : le génogramme libre et imaginaire, le dessin de famille et l’exploration de la devise familiale ainsi que la démarche de la recherche-action qui a duré 4 ans, ont facilité l’expression des ressentis chez les participants. Les résultats ont permis de confirmer que : - il y a une relation entre l’atrocité du viol commis pendant le génocide des Tutsis et la transmission du traumatisme chez les enfants issus de ce viol ; - les sentiments de tristesse, de chagrins et de honte sont en lien avec la constitution de leurs familles ; - le désespoir, la perte des repères identitaires chez ces enfants sont en lien avec le vécu de souffrances de leurs mères. Si l’étude a mis en exergue les fragilities, les ressources psychiques et relationnelles dont disposent ces enfants et leurs familles, elle jette aussi les bases qui permettraient de dégager les moyens et les conditions d’un dispositif systémique susceptible d’aider les enfants nés du viol et leurs mères à se reconstruire.
Négocier en situation de violence radicale : approche textométrique des séquences de crise
Authors: Marchand Pascal , Baroche Christophe 
Published: October 2018

Un chercheur en Sciences de l’information et de la communication et un professionnel de la négociation policière de crise croisent leurs regards, leurs méthodes et leurs expériences pour proposer une nouvelle vision des situations de violence qui motivent l’intervention des Forces de police spécialisées. La question des séquences est particulièrement étudiée ici, au moyen d’une analyse des données textuelles. L’ensemble des résultats permet de proposer un modèle de « régulation thermodynamique » de la négociation de crise pour la formalisation des pratiques, le retour sur expériences et la formation des négociateurs.
Parents of children with disabilities: A systematic review of parenting interventions and self-efficacy
Authors: Hohlfeld Ameer S.J. , Harty Michal , Engel Mark E. 
Published: October 2018

Background: An increasing body of empirical evidence suggests that early intervention has positive outcomes for parents of children with neurodevelopmental disabilities. Parental self-efficacy has been used as an outcome measure in some empirical studies; however, there is a lack of evidence of the impact of parent training programmes on parenting self-efficacy beliefs.Objectives: This systematic review sought to assess the effectiveness of parenting interventions to increase parental self-efficacy levels in parents of young children with neurodevelopmental disabilities.Method: We conducted a broad literature search, which included grey literature, such as dissertations and unpublished conference presentations, to identify all relevant prospective studies reporting on our study objective. Articles were selected for inclusion using predefined criteria and data were extracted onto a purposely designed data extraction form. Twenty-five articles met our search criteria. We extracted parenting self-efficacy scores before, and on, completion of parenting interventions and performed a meta-analysis using standardised mean difference. We also conducted a risk of bias assessment for all the included studies.Results: Parent training programmes resulted in a statistically significant increase in parental self-efficacy levels (standardised mean difference, 0.60 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 0.38–0.83]; I2, 74%) relative to baseline measurements. Parents of children younger than 5 years demonstrated the highest increase in levels of parental self-efficacy after parenting interventions. Furthermore, this review showed that psychologists and other healthcare practitioners are successfully able to implement training programmes that enhance parenting self-efficacy.Conclusion: Parent training programmes are effective in increasing parental self-efficacy in parents of children with neurodevelopmental disabilities.
Dosimetric evaluation of electron total skin irradiation using gafchromic film and thermoluminescent dosimetry
Authors: Falahati Leila , Nedaie Hassan Ali , Esfahani Mahbod , Banaee Nooshin 
Published: October 2018

Aim of Study:
The aim of this study is to evaluate some dosimetry parameters such as uniformity, surface dose, and max depth dose with thermoluminescent dosimetry (TLD) and EBT3 film in total skin electron beam therapy (TSEBT).

Methods:
Stationary and rotary methods were set on Varian linear accelerator, Clinac 2100C. To create a radiation field large enough (168 cm × 60 cm) and uniform, the source skin distance was set 400 cm. Electron beam energy was 6 MeV. The skin dose values were obtained in 21 different points on the phantom surface.

Results:
The results of dose uniformity in stationary technique were obtained as 10% and 2.6% by TLDs and 6% and 2.3% by films in longitudinal axis and transverse axis, respectively. The measurements at rotational technique by TLDs at the referred conditions showed a homogeneous total field with intensity variation of 10% in the longitudinal axis and 4% at horizontal axis.

Conclusion:
Based on the results of this study, stationary techniques are preferred for TSEBT. The main advantage of rotational techniques is reducing the time of treatment. The results also demonstrate that TLD should be routinely used in TSEBT treatment. Due to the high sensitivity of radiochromic films, this type of film was suitable for a wide therapeutic field. Comprehensive treatment to Rando phantom showed that the uniformity is better at the trunk than in the mobile parts of the body; the soles of the feet, perineum region, and scalp vertex should be treated in boost.
Measurement of fast neutron contamination caused by the presence of wedge and block using CR-39 detector
Authors: Khajetash Benyamin , Bahreyni Toossi Mohammad Taghi , Ghorbani Mahdi , Jahangiri Mehdi , Akbari Fateme 
Published: October 2018

Objective:
Undesired neutron contamination imposed to patients during treatment is among the main factors increasing the risk of secondary cancer in radiotherapy. This additional undesirable dose is due to neutron contamination production in high-energy accelerators. In this study, neutron contamination is investigated in the presence of wedge and block in 15 MV photon fields of Siemens Primus linear accelerator.

Materials and Methods:
Neutron production by 30°, 45°, and 60° wedges and cerrobend block was investigated. Measurements were conducted in a 10 cm × 10 cm field at the source to –surface distance of 100 cm at 0.5, 2, 3, and 4 cm depths of a 30 cm × 30 cm × 30 cm Perspex phantom using the CR-39 passive film detectors. Chemical etching was performed using sodium hydroxide solution with 6.25 M concentration as the etchant at 85°C for 3 h.

Results:
The neutron dosimetry results reveal that the presence of wedge and block increases the neutron contamination. However, the 45° wedge is most effective in producing neutron contamination. The results also show that the fast neutron contamination is lower in the steeper depths.

Conclusion:
The presence of a wedge in a therapeutic high-energy photon field is a source of neutron contamination and may be of concern regarding clinical aspects. The results of this study show that superficial tissues such as skin will incur higher fast neutron contamination than the deep tissues.
Water equivalent radiological properties of Gafchromic external beam therapy and external beam therapy 2 film dosimeters
Authors: Srinivasan K. , Jabaseelan Samuel E. James 
Published: October 2018

Background:
Water equivalent property of any clinical dosimeter is important. Water has the approximately similar radiation absorption and scattering properties to soft tissue. Film dosimeter plays a significant role in radiotherapy quality assurance and treatment plan verification.

Aims:
In this study, we are evaluating the water equivalent radiological properties of Gafchromic electronic benefit transfer (EBT) and EBT2 film dosimeters.

Materials and Methods:
Radiological properties such as number of electrons per gram (n e), electron density (p e), and effective atomic number (Z eff) are calculated using Mayneord formula. Mixture rule is used to calculate the mass absorption coefficient (μ en/p) and mass attenuation coefficient (μ/p), and data are generated using Win-XCom over 10 KeV to 20 MeV. Electron stopping power data are generated with the help of ESTAR database over 10 KeV to 30 MeV. Those results are compared with water and deviations are found.

Results:
Our results suggest that Z eff, n e, and p e of EBT is showing deviations <8.83%, 4.39%, and 16.18% and for EBT2 is 4.26%, 2.82%, and 19.41% with respect to water. Deviation in μ en/p and μ/p of EBT and EBT2 film is ≤5% and ≤6%, respectively, with respect to water >100 KeV. Electron stopping power properties are also close in agreements with water having deviations ≤5%.

Conclusion:
Presence of high atomic number element chlorine, potassium, and bromine may disturb the water equivalent properties in the lower energy range <100 KeV and similarly enhance the dose sensitivity because of the strong photoelectric absorption process.
The Pattern of Psychiatric Morbidity in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Cross-Sectional, Case–Control Study from a Tertiary Care Hospital in Kashmir, North India
Authors: Dar Shabir Ahmad , Bhat Bilal Ahmad , Shah Naveed Nazir , Imtiyaz Syed Bushra 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT
Introduction: Psychiatric morbidity has an increased prevalence in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Patients overall psychosocial status plays an important role in the development of depression which, when major, is said to occur in 19%–42% of cases of COPD. We aimed to study patterns of psychosocial issues in patients with COPD. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted over a period of 6 months in an Outpatient Department of Government Chest Disease Hospital Srinagar. A total of 100 COPD patients and 100 sex- and age-matched controls were included in this study and compared. The diagnosis of COPD was assessed by spirometry. Patterns of psychiatric morbidities were assessed using the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Results: The frequency of psychiatric comorbidities was significantly higher (P < 0.001) in COPD patients (47%) as compared to controls (12%). The highest frequency of psychiatric morbidities in COPD patients was major depressive episode in 28% in comparison to 9% of controls. Other morbidities include panic disorder, dysthymia, generalized anxiety disorder, and suicidality. Conclusion: The frequency of psychiatric morbidities is increased in COPD patients as compared to controls. We recommend that all patients with COPD should be screened for psychiatric morbidity as there is enough scope for psychiatric services to be made available to these patients.
Ceramics and Globalization
Authors: Ewins Neil 
Published: October 2018

Neil Ewins’ study of the Staffordshire potteries in a period of great global change traces how ceramics production has been affected by globalisation in both familiar and unexpected ways.
Although many manufacturers such as Wedgwood initially moved production to cheaper labour markets in East Asia, others remained in or returned to England once it became clear that outsourcing manufacturing was affecting the brand value and customer perception of their products. Neil Ewins explores the complex behaviour of the UK ceramics industry, using a combination of evidence from the press, trade journals, ceramic objects, and primary interview evidence of manufacturers, retailers and a ceramic designer.
Ewins suggests that, although the surface designs of UK ceramics invariably reflect diverse cultural and stylistic influences, a notion of authenticity often still resides in the place and context in which the ceramic product was originally made. Overall, the book argues that UK ceramics remain culturally complex because of issues of supply and demand, and ties to heritage, imagined or otherwise. Within a context of globalization, the book highlights compelling issues which have huge ramifications on UK manufacturing futures.
Middle Miocene climate of southwestern Anatolia from multiple botanical proxies
Authors: Bouchal Johannes Martin , Güner Tuncay Hüseyin , Denk Thomas 
Published: October 2018

Abstract. The middle Miocene climate transition (MMCT) was a phase of global cooling
possibly linked to decreasing levels of atmospheric CO2. The MMCT
coincided with the European Mammal Faunal Zone MN6. From this time, important
biogeographic links between Anatolia and eastern Africa include the hominid
Kenyapithecus. Vertebrate fossils suggested mixed open and forested
landscapes under (sub)tropical seasonal climates for Anatolia. Here, we infer
the palaeoclimate during the MMCT and the succeeding cooling phase for a
middle Miocene (14.8–13.2 Ma) intramontane basin in southwestern Anatolia
using three palaeobotanical proxies: (i) Köppen signatures based on the
nearest living-relative principle; (ii) leaf physiognomy analysed with the
Climate Leaf Analysis Multivariate Program (CLAMP); (iii) genus-level
biogeographic affinities of fossil flora with modern regions.
The three proxies reject tropical and hot subtropical climates for the MMCT
of southwestern Anatolia and instead infer mild warm temperate
C climates.
Köppen signatures reject summer-dry Cs climates but cannot discriminate
between fully humid Cf and winter-dry Cw; CLAMP reconstructs Cf climate based on
the low X3.wet∕X3.dry ratio. Additionally, we assess whether the
palaeobotanical record resolves transitions from the warm Miocene
Climatic Optimum (MCO, 16.8–14.7 Ma) to the MMCT (14.7–13.9 Ma), and a
more pronounced cooling at 13.9–13.8 Ma, as reconstructed from benthic
stable isotope data. For southwestern Anatolia, we find that arboreal taxa
predominate in MCO flora (MN5), whereas in MMCT flora (MN6) abundances of
arboreal and non-arboreal elements strongly fluctuate, indicating higher
structural complexity of the vegetation. Our data show a distinct pollen
zone between MN6 and MN7+8 dominated by herbaceous taxa. The
boundary between MN6
and MN7+8, roughly corresponding to a first abrupt cooling at 13.9–13.8 Ma,
might be associated with this herb-rich pollen zone.