bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Attitudes of editors of core clinical journals about whether systematic reviews are original research: a mixed-methods study
Authors: Krnic Martinic Marina , Meerpohl Joerg J , von Elm Erik , Herrle Florian , Marusic Ana , Puljak Livia 
Published: August 2019

ObjectivesIn 2009, not all journal editors considered systematic reviews (SRs) to be original research studies, and not all PubMed Core Clinical Journals published SRs. The aim of this study was to conduct a new analysis about editors’ opinion regarding SRs as original research.DesignWe conducted a survey and qualitative interview study of journal editors.ParticipantsAll editors listed as editor-in chief of 118 PubMed Core Clinical Journals.MethodsWe contacted editors via email and asked them whether they considered SRs original research, whether they published SRs in the journal and, if yes, in which section. We searched PubMed for any SRs (or meta-analyses) published in the included journals in 2017; if we did not find any, we hand-searched these journals. Editors were invited to participate in a follow-up qualitative interview study.ResultsWe received responses from 73 editors representing 72 (62%) journals. Fifty-two (80%) editors considered SRs original research, either for any type of SR (65%) or only for SRs with a meta-analysis (15%) and almost all (91%) of editors published SRs. Compared with the results of the 2009 study of Core Clinical Journals, a similar proportion of editors considered SRs to be original studies (71%), accepted SRs as original on certain condition such as presence of meta-analysis (14%) or published SRs (94%). Interviews with editors showed that they used various criteria to decide whether a SR is original research, including methodology, reproducibility, originality of idea and level of novelty.ConclusionThe majority of editors of core clinical journals consider that SRs are original research. Among editors, there was no uniform approach to defining what makes a SR, or any study, original. This indicates that the concepts of originality of SRs and research are evolving and that this would be a relevant topic for further discussion.
Alcohol septal ablation in patients with severe septal hypertrophy
Authors: Veselka Josef , Jensen Morten , Liebregts Max , Cooper Robert M , Januska Jaroslav , Kashtanov Maksim , Dabrowski Maciej , Hansen Peter Riis , Seggewiss Hubert , Hansvenclova Eva , Bundgaard Henning , ten Berg Jurrien , Hilton Stables Rodney , Faber Lothar 
Published: August 2019

ObjectiveThe current guidelines suggest alcohol septal ablation (ASA) is less effective in hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM) patients with severe left ventricular hypertrophy, despite acknowledging that systematic data are lacking. Therefore, we analysed patients in the Euro-ASA registry to test this statement.MethodsWe compared the short-term and long-term outcomes of patients with basal interventricular septum (IVS) thickness <30 mm Hg to those with ≥30 mm Hg treated using ASA in nine European centres.ResultsA total of 1519 patients (57±14 years, 49% women) with symptomatic HOCM were treated, including 67 (4.4%) patients with IVS thickness ≥30 mm. The occurrence of short-term major adverse events were similar in both groups. The mean follow-up was 5.4±4.3 years and 5.1±4.1 years, and the all-cause mortality rate was 2.57 and 2.94 deaths per 100 person-years of follow-up in the IVS <30 mm group and the IVS ≥30 mm group (p=0.047), respectively. There were no differences in dyspnoea (New York Heart Association class III/IV 12% vs 16%), residual left ventricular outflow tract gradient (16±20 vs 16±16 mm Hg) and repeated septal reduction procedures (12% vs 18%) in the IVS <30 mm group and IVS ≥30 mm group, respectively (p=NS for all).ConclusionsThe short-term results and the long-term relief of dyspnoea, residual left ventricular outflow obstruction and occurrence of repeated septal reduction procedures in patients with basal IVS ≥30 mm is similar to those with IVS <30mm. However, long-term all-cause and cardiac mortality rates are worse in the ≥30 mm group.
Use of oral fluralaner (Bravecto) to successfully manage adult‐onset generalised demodicosis in a silver fox (Vulpes vulpes)
Authors: Burke Amanda , Kottwitz Jack , Wang Chengming , White Amelia 
Published: August 2019

A six‐year‐old spayed female silver fox (Vulpes vulpes) presented with bilateral ocular discharge, lethargy, facial alopecia and dermatitis of six months’ duration. The fox was immobilised with ketamine (4 mg/kg), dexmedetomidine (0.01 mg/kg) and butorphanol (0.05 mg/kg) intramuscularly for skin cytology, skin scrapings, dermatophyte culture, bloodwork, faecal floatation and skin biopsies. Diagnostics revealed numerous Demodex species mites. Histopathology showed folliculitis, perifolliculitis and furunculosis with mites, identified as Demodex canis using RT‐PCR. The fox received meloxicam (0.2 mg/kg by mouth, three days), cefovecin (8.6 mg/kg subcutaneously, single injection), praziquantel (56.8 mg, subcutaneously, single injection), and fluralaner (250 mg, by mouth, once every 12 weeks, Bravecto). Complete resolution was noted one month after initiating treatment. Thirteen months later the fox remains mite‐free and is receiving fluralaner by mouth every 12 weeks. This case report describes successful management of adult‐onset generalised Demodex species dermatitis in a silver fox using oral fluralaner.
Ulcerative lesion of the external ear canal causing headshaking in a horse
Authors: Wimmer‐Scherr Christina Maria , Evrard Laurence , Amory Hélène , Cesarini Carla 
Published: August 2019

This case report describes the approach to an unusual case of headshaking of 1‐year duration paired with unilateral ear hypersensitivity in a 11‐year‐old Belgian Warmblood mare. After the exclusion of other potential causes, an aural endoscopy was performed under general anaesthesia revealing an ulcerative lesion in the external right ear canal. Biopsies of this area revealed signs of skin inflammation characterised by acanthosis, hyperkeratosis and epidermal oedema leading to a diagnosis of otitis externa. Interestingly, extensive fungal flora characterised by budding yeasts was present in the stratum corneum of each biopsy. Considering the literature debating the difference between physiological fungal colonisation versus pathogenic growth, the horse received topical antifungal and steroid treatment combined with an ear cleanser solution for 12 days with subsequent resolution of most presenting complaints. A mini‐review of current knowledge and terminology in human and small animal veterinary medicine concerning external otitis and otomycosis has been included.
Angiogenic Factor and Cytokine Analysis among Patients Treated with Adjuvant VEGFR TKIs in Resected Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Xu Wenxin , Puligandla Maneka , Manola Judith , Bullock Andrea J. , Tamasauskas Daniel , McDermott David F. , Atkins Michael B. , Haas Naomi B. , Flaherty Keith , Uzzo Robert G. , Dutcher Janice P. , DiPaola Robert S. , Bhatt Rupal S. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Purpose:
The use of VEGFR TKIs for the adjuvant treatment of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) remains controversial. We investigated the effects of adjuvant VEGFR TKIs on circulating cytokines in the ECOG-ACRIN 2805 (ASSURE) trial.

Experimental Design:
Patients with resected high-risk RCC were randomized to sunitinib, sorafenib, or placebo. Plasma from 413 patients was analyzed from post-nephrectomy baseline, 4 weeks, and 6 weeks after treatment initiation. Mixed effects and Cox proportional hazards models were used to test for changes in circulating cytokines and associations between disease-free survival (DFS) and cytokine levels.

Results:
VEGF and PlGF increased after 4 weeks on sunitinib or sorafenib (P &lt; 0.0001 for both) and returned to baseline at 6 weeks on sunitinib (corresponding to the break in the sunitinib schedule) but not sorafenib (which was administered continuously). sFLT-1 decreased after 4 weeks on sunitinib and 6 weeks on sorafenib (P &lt; 0.0001). sVEGFR-2 decreased after both 4 and 6 weeks of treatment on sunitinib or sorafenib (P &lt; 0.0001). Patients receiving placebo had no significant changes in cytokine levels. CXCL10 was elevated at 4 and 6 weeks on sunitinib and sorafenib but not on placebo. Higher baseline CXCL10 was associated with worse DFS (HR 1.41 per log increase in CXCL10, Bonferroni-adjusted P = 0.003). This remained significant after adjustment for T-stage, Fuhrman grade, and ECOG performance status.

Conclusions:
Among patients treated with adjuvant VEGFR TKIs for RCC, drug–host interactions mediate changes in circulating cytokines. Elevated baseline CXCL10 was associated with worse DFS. Studies to understand functional consequences of these changes are under way.
Comprehensive Next-Generation Sequencing Unambiguously Distinguishes Separate Primary Lung Carcinomas From Intrapulmonary Metastases: Comparison with Standard Histopathologic Approach
Authors: Chang Jason C. , Alex Deepu , Bott Matthew , Tan Kay See , Seshan Venkatraman , Golden Andrew , Sauter Jennifer L. , Buonocore Darren J. , Vanderbilt Chad M. , Gupta Sounak , Desmeules Patrice , Bodd Francis M. , Riely Gregory J. , Rusch Valerie W. , Jones David R. , Arcila Maria E. , Travis William D. , Ladanyi Marc , Rekhtman Natasha 
Published: August 2019

AbstractPurpose:In patients with &gt;1 non–small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), the distinction between separate primary lung carcinomas (SPLCs) and intrapulmonary metastases (IPMs) is a common diagnostic dilemma with critical staging implications. Here, we compared the performance of comprehensive next-generation sequencing (NGS) with standard histopathologic approaches for distinguishing NSCLC clonal relationships in clinical practice.Experimental Design:We queried 4,119 NSCLCs analyzed by 341–468 gene MSK-IMPACT NGS assay for patients with &gt;1 surgically resected tumor profiled by NGS. Tumor relatedness predicted by prospective histopathologic assessment was contrasted with comparative genomic profiling by subsequent NGS.Results:Sixty patients with NGS performed on &gt;1 NSCLCs were identified, yielding 76 tumor pairs. NGS classified tumor pairs into 51 definite SPLCs (median, 14; up to 72 unique somatic mutations per pair), and 25 IPMs (24 definite, one high probability; median, 5; up to 16 shared somatic mutations per pair). Prospective histologic prediction was discordant with NGS in 17 cases (22%), particularly in the prediction of IPMs (44% discordant). Retrospective review highlighted several histologic challenges, including morphologic progression in some IPMs. We subsampled MSK-IMPACT data to model the performance of less comprehensive assays, and identified several clinicopathologic differences between NGS-defined tumor pairs, including increased risk of subsequent recurrence for IPMs.Conclusions:Comprehensive NGS allows unambiguous delineation of clonal relationship among NSCLCs. In comparison, standard histopathologic approach is adequate in most cases, but has notable limitations in the recognition of IPMs. Our results support the adoption of broad panel NGS to supplement histology for robust discrimination of NSCLC clonal relationships in clinical practice.
Referentialisation chronotopique et gestion des temps nouveaux dans L’A-fric de J. F. Ndongo
Authors: Eyenga Onana Pierre Suzanne 
Published: August 2019

Par-delà l’examen de la toponymie dans le roman, n’est-il pas également pertinent de s’investir dans la quête du sens que revêtent les non-lieux et les hétérotopies qui s’offrent à lire dans le récit de Sire Tortue? Et le temps qui y est représenté d’une part, par le biais des anachronies narratives de types analeptique et proleptique, et à travers la symbolique des temps verbaux d’autre part, n’interpelle-t-il pas le lecteur sur l’urgence à penser un modèle de société neuf où l’éthique de l’être-ensemble s’impose dans les rapports intersubjectifs ? Il s’agit, en trois parties, de répondre à ce questionnement sur la base d’un référentiel de lecture éclectique qui se réclame de la sémio-narratologie. La présente étude prétend ainsi interroger le corrélat espace-temps qui sous-tend le projet de création d’un monde neuf dans la trame romanesque de J.F. Ndongo.
Prostitution coloniale et nationalisme: collaboration corporelle dans Ciel de Porphyre de Aicha Lemsine
Authors: Sihem Guettafi , Wassila Soltani 
Published: August 2019

Les prostituées ont été utiles dans la période coloniale, car d’une part, la sexualité représentait pour le colonisateur l’une des formes les plus pernicieuses de la domination et un élément fondamental d’assujettissement : ces femmes indigènes devenaient un réel sujet de l’imaginaire érotique colonial. Et d’autre part, ces femmes représentaient pour les nationalistes une véritable source de renseignements au profit du FLN car elles étaient en contact régulier avec des policiers ou des militaires français. Ces femmes n’étaient pas des objets passifs mais de véritables actrices, pensantes et agissantes. De Dalila, la prostituée au service du colonisateur à Houria prostituée, ange gardien et libératrice des pulsions accumulées par les moudjahiddines. Ciel de Porphyre d’Aicha Lemsine s’ouvre et se termine par une lecture des actions de prostituées durant la guerre de libération algérienne. Notre réflexion tournera autour du rôle de la femme algérienne «indigène» qui a participé à la lutte armée en vendant son corps et en subissant des violences sexuelles pour servir la bonne cause. De démontrer comment Aicha Lemsine à travers son roman traite ces actions de prostituées patriotes? Comment définit-elle l’équation Nationalisme=prostitution? Comment traite t-elle cette collaboration corporelle et charnelle? Comment mesure t-elle l’ampleur de cette collaboration entre filles «indigènes/algérienne» et «européens/français colonisateurs»?
Aristotle’s Empiricist Theory of Doxastic Knowledge
Authors: Lorenz Hendrik , Morison Benjamin 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAristotle takes practical wisdom and arts or crafts to be forms of knowledge which, we argue, can usefully be thought of as ‘empiricist’. This empiricism has two key features: knowledge does not rest on grasping unobservable natures or essences; and knowledge does not rest on grasping logical relations that hold among propositions. Instead, knowledge rests on observation, memory, experience and everyday uses of reason. While Aristotle’s conception of theoretical knowledge does require grasping unobservable essences and logical relations that hold among suitable propositions, his conception of practical and productive knowledge avoids such requirements and is consistent with empiricism.
Still “Serving” Us? Mutualism in Canine Scent Detection of Human Illness
Authors: Eason Fenella 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Noting the human inclination to extend ability by “harvesting” nonhuman animal powers, there are calls for greater equality in the multispecies rendering of services. In this study, medical alert assistance dogs who coexist with chronically ill human individuals illustrate the possibilities of mutualism in symbiotic relationships. The dogs are trained to alert and are used in the scent detection of symptoms of hypo- or hyperglycemia in their human partners so that preventative treatment can be effected and unconsciousness or coma avoided. The canine-human collaborative partnership is based on the dogs’ keen sense of smell and cooperation to attain a reward. The article illustrates a cross-species embodiment of moral interdependence that extends the biomedical armamentarium.
Only Be Like the Philistine Priests! A Comparison of the Philistines’ Offering in 1 Sam 6 and the Sacrificial Actions of Eli’s House in 1 Sam 2-4
Authors: Sykora Josef 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe biblical portrayal of the Philistines is largely negative. Their military exploits, depicted extensively in the books of Judges and 1 Samuel—coupled with their religion, unaccustomed to the Israelite cult—have led several commentators to label them a prototypical “other.” To put it memorably, the Philistines are what Israel should not be. I attempt to nuance somewhat this overtly negative characterization of the Philistines by focusing on one incident in 1 Sam 6: the Philistines’ returning of the ark, accompanied with a peculiar offering of objects made of gold. I compare this ritual to the sacrificial actions of Eli’s sons in 1 Sam 2-4 to argue that, at least in 1 Sam 6, and with respect to what lies at the heart of Israel’s cult—the approach of the inscrutable and holy deity—the Israelites should be more like the Philistines.
Abram’s Journey as Nexus
Authors: Hendel Ronald 
Published: August 2019

AbstractA plea for the complementarity of Literarkritik and literary criticism in biblical scholarship, with a partial genealogy of recent developments, followed by a detailed study of Abram’s journey in Gen 11:27-12:9 in the non-P and P texts. Particular attention is paid to stylistic repetitions and implicit links to other texts, yielding a nexus of foreshadowings and backshadowings in each of the component texts. Conclusions include the viability of this non-P text (formerly known as J) and the P text as continuous sources in the Pentateuch, each with a distinctive poetics.
Ultra-wide-field imaging of choroidal melanoma before and after proton beam radiation therapy
Authors: Psomiadi Angeliki , Haas Gertrud , Edlinger Michael , Bechrakis Nikolaos E , Blatsios Georgios 
Published: August 2019

Objective: To evaluate the imaging characteristics of choroidal melanoma before and after proton beam radiotherapy via Optos® ultra-wide-field scanning laser ophthalmoscopy. Methods: Retrospective, descriptive study of choroidal melanoma patients treated with proton beam radiotherapy. All patients underwent full clinical evaluation, including best-corrected visual acuity, ultrasound examination and ultra-wide-field scanning laser ophthalmoscopy imaging in the pseudo-colour (red and green channel) as well as auto-fluorescence mode. Tumours were classified and evaluated according to their location, size, presence of subretinal fluid, drusen, orange pigment and reflectance intensity in ultra-wide-field scanning laser ophthalmoscopy. Tumour sonographic (basal diameter, height) and ultra-wide-field scanning laser ophthalmoscopy imaging dimensions (maximal diameter) were documented. Results: A total of 39 eyes (38 patients) were followed for 24 months (range 6–48 months). Mean best-corrected visual acuity dropped from 20/40 to 20/63 after proton beam radiotherapy. There was no change in the imaging tumour characteristics during follow-up. Subretinal fluid changes were better detected in the autofluorescence compared to pseudo-colour mode. Mean tumour diameter did not significantly change in the ultra-wide-field scanning laser ophthalmoscopy although it did so in the ultrasound. No patient showed local tumour recurrence. Conclusion: The ultra-wide-field scanning laser ophthalmoscopy imaging characteristics of choroidal melanoma in the Optos® system do not significantly change after proton beam radiotherapy after a mean follow-up of 2 years.
Prospective Audit to Study urokinaSe use to restore Patency in Occluded centRal venous caTheters (PASSPORT 1)
Authors: Kumwenda Mick John , Mitra Sandip , Khawaja Aurangzaib , Inston Nicholas , Nightingale Peter 
Published: August 2019

Objectives: Tunnelled central venous catheters dysfunction can be defined as failure to provide blood flow above 200 mL/min during dialysis often caused by thrombosis. Although urokinase is used routinely for thrombolysis, there is wide variation in dose regimens. A multidisciplinary group was formed to address this issue and offer guidance. Methods: Dialysis centres that used urokinase in the United Kingdom took part in a prospective study to determine the safety and outcomes of thrombolysis using agreed protocols. Data were collected anonymously from September 2017 until February 2018. Catheter blood flow was measured before and after the following interventions: catheter dwell or push locks with 12,500–50,000 IU or catheter infusion with 100,000–250,000 IU of urokinase. Interventions were repeated if the blood flow remained below 200 mL/min. Results: 10 centres took part and recruited 200 patients; 45.5% were female and 54.5% were male with mean age of 63.6 (±15.2) years. The cumulative success rate for thrombolysis was 90.5% after first intervention, 97% after second intervention, and 99% after more than 2 interventions. Although there was trend towards benefit with dose increments, the success rate between push/dwell locks and high-dose infusion of urokinase was not significantly different (p = 0.069). Seventeen (8.5%) tunnelled central venous catheters were removed due to failure of treatment. No urokinase-related adverse events were reported. Conclusion: In this study, urokinase was safe and efficacious; there was no difference between dwell and push locks. There was some benefit with high-dose infusion of urokinase compared to the dwell and push lock.
Psychosocial Barriers After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Clinical Review of Factors Influencing Postoperative Success
Authors: Burland Julie P. , Toonstra Jennifer L. , Howard Jennifer S. 
Published: August 2019

Context: Psychosocial factors arising after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury may have a direct influence on an individual’s decision to return to sport after ACL reconstruction (ACLR). While there is ample evidence to suggest that deficits in quadriceps strength, neuromuscular control, and clinical functional tasks exist after ACLR, the root and contribution of psychological dysfunction to an individual’s success or return to sport after ACLR is still largely uncertain and unexplored. Given the discrepancy between successful functional outcomes and the percentage of athletes who return to sport, it is important to thoroughly address underlying factors, aside from physical function, that may be contributing to these lower return rates. Evidence Acquisition: Articles that reported on return to sport, psychological factors, and psychosocial factors after ACLR were collected from peer-reviewed sources available on Medline (1998 through August 2018). Search terms included the following: anterior cruciate ligament OR ACL AND return-to-sport OR return-to-activity, anterior cruciate ligament OR ACL AND psychological OR psychosocial OR biopsychosocial OR fear OR kinesiophobia OR self-efficacy, return-to-activity AND psychological OR psychosocial. Study Design: Clinical review. Level of Evidence: Level 5. Results: Psychosocial factors relative to injury are important components of the rehabilitation process. To fully understand how psychosocial factors potentially influence return to sport, an athlete’s emotions, experiences, and perceptions during the rehabilitation process must be acknowledged and taken into consideration. Conclusion: Acknowledgment of these psychosocial factors allows clinicians to have a better understanding of readiness to return to sport from a psychological perspective. Merging of the current ACLR rehabilitation protocols with knowledge related to psychosocial factors creates a more dynamic, comprehensive approach in creating a positive and successful rehabilitation environment, which may help improve return-to-sport rates in individuals after ACLR.