bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A pilot study to improve sugar and water consumption in Maltese school children
Authors: Copperstone C. , McNeill G. , Aucott L. , Jackson D.M. 
Published: February 2019

Abstract

Background
Excessive sugar consumption remains implicated as one of the key dietary factors that has been linked to overweight and obesity in children. Schools have been identified as an important setting for health promotion interventions in children and can be successful in bringing about dietary behavioral change when well designed.

Objective
The main aim of the study was to conduct a pilot intervention study and assess the possible effects of educational and environmental methodological components on sugar intake and water consumption in Maltese school children.

Subjects and methods
Face-to-face educational sessions for children and parents were supported by written materials and provision of free drinking water for children for a 12 week period in the school setting. Two main dietary outcomes were measured: non-milk extrinsic sugars(NMES) intake (measured as g/day) and water consumption (measured as servings/day), measured in the pre- and post-intervention periods. The dietary outcomes were measured at school using the novel online dietary assessment tool, REALITYMALTA™.

Results
55 children, aged 10-11 years, were recruited, and 48 provided diet data at baseline and end. A reduction in mean energy intakes was noted from 7733 kJ/day (SD 2046) to 6809 (SD 2224) kJ/day (p = 0.03), with water servings intake increased and NMES intake decreased but results not statistically significant. Parent attendance at the educational sessions was low.

Conclusions
A larger scale study, including multi-level analysis is recommended. Modifying the content of the intervention and finding ways to increase parent engagement should be considered in future.
Bounds on real finite linear groups that preserve a symmetric or skew symmetric bilinear form
Authors: Collins Michael J. 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
We extend the results of our earlier work on Jordan-type bounds for finite subgroups of complex classical groups to real groups. The bounds that we obtain are related to our previous results by means of structural results for finite linear groups that we can generalise here to compact groups. For the real analogue of orthogonal groups, we take into account the signature of a real quadratic form to determine bounds in every case.
Extreme weather affects Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus tundrius) breeding success in South Greenland
Authors: Carlzon Linnéa , Karlsson Amanda , Falk Knud , Liess Antonia , Møller Søren 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
In order to better understand the potential effects of climate change on the Peregrine Falcon, we investigated the relationship between extreme weather events and Peregrines’ breeding success in South Greenland. We defined three variables – number of days with extremely low temperatures, extreme precipitation, consecutive rainy days – and an additive variable, total days with extreme weather, and tested their relationship with Peregrines’ breeding success (measured as young per site and nest success) over a 33 year study period. Breeding success was negatively influenced by the number of days with extreme weather and extremely low temperature. The strongest relationship found was total days with extreme weather in the entire breeding season, which explained 22% and 27% of the variation in nest success and young per site, respectively. The number of days with extreme weather in our study related to fluctuations in the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). Thus, with a strengthening of the NAO, linked to climate change, more extreme weather may occur in the Arctic and induce increased variation in Peregrines’ breeding success. Our data did not allow us to pinpoint when in the breeding cycle inclement weather was particularly harmful, and we recommend finer-scale research (e.g. automated nest cameras) to better monitor the species-specific effects of rapidly changing climate.
The Danish Peregrine Falcon population: Reestablishment and eggshell thinning
Authors: Andreasen Niels Peter , Falk Knud , Møller Søren 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Denmark being a country with only a few suitable steep nesting cliffs has only harboured a small population of Peregrine Falcons (Falco peregrinus) in historic time. In the previous century, the population gradually declined due to persecution, egg and young collection, and pollution. The last breeding attempt in the 20th century occurred in 1972 in southeastern Denmark. No new breeding attempts were recorded in Denmark until 2001 but since then the population has gradually increased – most rapidly since 2012 – to a peak of 24 territorial pairs in 2018; some of them breeding on man-made structures (nest boxes at bridges and power plants). Here we update the information on the reestablishment of the Peregrine Falcon in Den-mark, including origin and dispersal, reproduction, and eggshell thinning.
A 20-year study investigating the diet of Peregrines, Falco peregrinus, at an urban site in south-west England (1997–2017)
Authors: Dixon Nick , Drewitt Edward J. A. 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Until relatively recently Peregrines have been regarded as a rural bird. As their populations have increased over the past 20 years, Peregrines have increasingly become urban birds. One of the earliest locations to be occupied by Peregrines in the UK was on a church in Exeter, in the county of Devon. Over the past 20 years we have studied their diet, collecting prey remains on a regular basis. The results reveal that Feral Pigeons Columba livia comprise one third of the diet by frequency and just over half of the diet when measured by mass. The remainder of the diet comprises a wealth of other species including wading birds, other doves and pigeons, ducks, gulls and terns, and rails. A selection of species eaten by the Peregrines reveal that they are hunting at night, taking certain wading birds, rails and grebes, that would be difficult to catch by day and are known to migrate at night. This study is the most comprehensive to date and reveals that while the Feral Pigeon is an important part of the diet, contrary to public opinion, it is by no means the only species that Peregrines eat. In fact, the remaining half of the diet, by mass, comprised 101 other species of bird and three species of mammal. Such dietary studies help dispel myths about peregrines feeding habits and ensure that their conservation and protection is based on evidence.
Diet of Peregrine Falcons (Falco peregrinus) in relation to temporal and spatial variation in racing pigeon availability in Wales
Authors: Dixon Andrew , Richards Colin , King Andrew 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
The relative frequency of Common Pigeons Columba livia in the diet of Peregrine Falcons differed across three areas of south-central Wales in line with racing pigeon availability. Peregrines exhibited a functional response to spatial and temporal availability of racing pigeons. During the pigeon-racing season (April–September), pigeons comprised 63% of kills in South Wales where pigeons were most available, 43% in the Brecon Beacons with intermediate availability and 30% in Central Wales, where availability was lowest. The corresponding values outside the pigeon-racing season were 18%, 6% and 5% respectively. We estimate that 92% of pigeons killed by Peregrines were racing pigeons, 7% were feral pigeons and the remainder were other domestic pigeon varieties.
In situneutron powder diffraction studies
Authors: Goonetilleke Damian , Sharma Neeraj 
Published: February 2019

AbstractNeutron powder diffraction provides insight into the crystal and magnetic structures of materials. This insight can be achieved on pure materials under ambient conditions, but for greater understanding of the relationship between structure and function, crystallographic information during a process can prove powerful for rational material design strategies. These processes can involve temperature, applied magnetic or electric fields, applied pressure, gas dosing or devices such as electrochemical cells. These experiments are often referred to as a variable process orin situoroperandodepending on the conditions applied to the materials or devices. Sample environments to undertake such experiments are accessible at a range of neutron scattering facilities around world. This work provides details on the theory behind diffraction, a snapshot of neutron diffractometers that are suited to such experiments and recent studies exploring the power of neutron powder diffraction in elucidating crystal and magnetic structures under various external conditions.
Genome Analyses of a New Mycoplasma Species from the Scorpion Centruroides vittatus
Authors: Yamashita Tsunemi , Rhoads Douglas D , Pummill Jeff 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Arthropod Mycoplasma are little known endosymbionts in insects, primarily known as plant disease vectors. Mycoplasma in other arthropods such as arachnids are unknown. We report the first complete Mycoplasma genome sequenced, identified, and annotated from a scorpion, Centruroides vittatus, and designate it as Mycoplasma vittatus. We find the genome is at least a 683,827 bp single circular chromosome with a GC content of 42.7% and with 987 protein-coding genes. The putative virulence determinants include 11 genes associated with the virulence operon associated with protein synthesis or DNA transcription and ten genes with antibiotic and toxic compound resistance. Comparative analysis revealed that the M. vittatus genome is smaller than other Mycoplasma genomes and exhibits a higher GC content. Phylogenetic analysis shows M. vittatus as part of the Hominis group of Mycoplasma. As arthropod genomes accumulate, further novel Mycoplasma genomes may be identified and characterized.
Sobre os 45 anos do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação da Unimep: uma vitoriosa experiência de consolidação da pesquisa
Authors: Severino Antonio Joaquim 
Published: February 2019

Trata-se de um breve depoimento, ao ensejo de comemoração dos 45 anos do PPGE da Unimep, com o sentido de prestar-lhe uma homenagem, reconhecendo sua contribuição à pesquisa educacional brasileira e registrando algumas referências históricas de sua trajetória, com destaque para a participação na sua implantação aos professores Richard Senn e Joel Martins, bem como acenando para os desafios que continuam se colocando para o projeto educacional da pós-graduação, no mudado contexto sócio-cultural e político da atualidade.Palavras-chave:
Avaliação da efetividade da esterilização química pelo ácido peracético em brocas odontológicas: estudo piloto
Authors: Oliveira Pablo Vargas de , Mandelli Jéssica Zolim Andreatto , Sonza Queli Nunes , Ehrhardt Alexandre 
Published: February 2019

Devido ao risco de contaminação direta e cruzada dos instrumentais utilizados na prática odontológica por bactérias com potencial patogênico faz-se necessário o emprego de processos de esterilização. O ácido peracético apresenta indicação para tal, porém uma limitação do uso está relacionado ao oxidação do instrumental. Considerando o exposto, o objetivo do trabalho foi verificar a eficácia do ácido peracético na descontaminação bacteriana das superfícies de brocas odontológicas, associado a ocorrência de corrosão destas. Através de um estudo experimental foi testada a eficácia do processo de esterilização do ácido em brocas de aço, carbide e diamantadas, contaminadas com biofilme bacteriano de cepas de S. aureus, S. mutans e E. faecalis. Também foi verificado através de microscopia eletrônica de varredura se houve oxidação na superfície das brocas. O ácido peracético mostrou-se efetivo na inibição do S. mutans nos três tipos de brocas, porém não inibiu crescimento de S. aureus, e E. faecalis nas brocas de aço. Nas brocas carbide e diamantadas o ácido teve eficácia esperada, com inibição total do crescimento das 3 espécies testadas. Quanto aos níveis de oxidação da superfície, a broca que menos sofreu alteração foi a carbide. De acordo com os resultados obtidos, podemos considerar o ácido peracético como tendo uma efetividade subjetiva no processo de esterilização e um potencial de provocar alteração oxidativa do instrumental avaliado.
Ignacio Torres Giraldo y los lenguajes políticos en Colombia, 1893-1968.
Authors: Largo Vargas Joan Manuel 
Published: February 2019

Este trabajo busca una aproximación a Ignacio Torres Giraldo, líder de izquierda, enmarcado en un contexto
intelectual singular, caracterizado por cierta apertura y transformaciones políticas, sociales y culturales. Tras
la lectura del archivo personal del escritor y político y la reconstrucción de un contexto lingüístico, dialogando con elementos de la nueva historia político-intelectual, y de la historia cultural, se busca aportar nuevas interpretaciones en torno a la significación de una individualidad particular y su relación con el entorno social y político. Ignacio Torres Giraldo debió trasegar un camino cenagoso: adaptar sus discursos a los lenguajes políticos que caracterizaban a un país profundamente conservador. Argumentamos así que el lugar ocupado por la ruta vital de Torres Giraldo no corresponde a la coherencia de sus argumentos o su estilo de escritura, sino a la capacidad de agencia que construyó en los intersticios escasos y difusos de una tradición intelectual conservadora y reacia al cambio.
Universidad y exilio en los ´70: La participación política de Rodolfo Agoglia y Arturo Roig.
Authors: Gatica Noelia Liz 
Published: February 2019

En 1973, los filósofos argentinos Rodolfo Agoglia y Arturo Roig participan en el proceso de institucionalización de las experiencias pedagógicas críticas de los tradicionales métodos de enseñanza impartidos en las universidades. Sin embargo, son cesanteados y deben salir al exilio en los primeros meses de 1976. Se tomaron aportes metodológicos de la Historia de las ideas latinoamericanas y de la Filosofía práctica, que permitieron el estudio de las relaciones entre universidad y exilio en el contexto de las transformaciones pedagógicas de los ́70. A través de diferentes documentos y escritos filosóficos analizamos la participación política de Agoglia y Roig en las universidades argentinas, para finalmente centrarnos en la época del exilio en el Ecuador. Los aportes de estos filósofos fueron fundamentales para comprender los alcances de sus propuestas pedagógicas y filosóficas como reformulaciones de la conflictividad histórica, caracterizadas por el compromiso con la misión social de la universidad.
Mujeres en las letras y las artes en el sur de Colombia. 1930-1950
Authors: Alvarez Hoyos María Teresa , Zarama Rincón Rosa Isabel 
Published: February 2019

Este trabajo se propone hacer visible a un grupo de mujeres del sur de Colombia, la mayoría docentes, que en los años treinta y cuarenta del siglo XX se dedicaron a la poesía y la composición musical, estableciendo una ruptura con los modelos de feminidad predicados por la hegemonía conservadora. La apertura hacia nuevos espacios políticos y culturales que propició la República Liberal y las redes de sociabilidad que surgieron entre estas intelectuales y los escritores y músicos de la época, las impulsaron a superar el aislamiento geográfico del departamento y a difundir sus creaciones en la región y el país.
Para estudiar este colectivo se utilizó el análisis prosopográfico o de biografía colectiva, que permitió identificar las características comunes al grupo y las peculiaridades individuales. Se encontró que los entornos familiares conectados con la vida intelectual o artística favorecieron el desempeño de este colectivo, así como también, la vinculación con redes de sociabilidad, ya que éstas facilitaron su entrada a nuevas experiencias en el trabajo escritural y artístico.
Impact de <i>Chromolaena odorata</i> sur la régénération d’arbres natifs dans les forêts secondaires de la Lama, au Bénin
Authors: Gbètoho Alain , Kingbo Armand , Kiki Paterne , Gnanguènon-Guéssè Denis , Aoudji Augustin , Koura Kourouma , Togni Yolande , Ganglo Jean C. 
Published: February 2019

Les espèces exotiques envahissantes (IAS) peuvent avoir un impact négatif sur la régénération forestière. Cette étude a pour objectif d’évaluer les impacts de Chromolaena odorata sur la régénération arborée dans des forêts secondaires, ainsi que les moyens de les contrôler à bas prix. Les données ont été recueillies dans 77 parcelles rectangulaires de 0,5 ha dans des forêts secondaires du district de la Lama (Bénin, Afrique occidentale). Dans chaque parcelle, on a mesuré le dbh d’arbres et rejets (de dbh ≥ 10 cm) avec un ruban métrique, compté le nombre de rejets et mesuré la densité de recouvrement avec un densitomètre. La couverture de C. odorata, l’IAS ciblée, a été estimée dans une échelle de 0 (absence) à 100 % (couvert fermé). Les taillis et rejets ont été catégorisés dans trois groupes en fonction de leurs besoins de lumière (pionnier, non-pionnier léger besoin, et tolérant à l’ombre). C. odorata, densité de recouvrement, densité d’arbres, surface terrière, diamètre principal et recouvrement moyen ont été comptés et utilisés comme variables. Des coefficients de corrélation bilatérale entre les variables ont été calculés. Une analyse de régression, utilisant des modèles linéaires généralisés dans le logiciel R pour mettre en corrélation les variables du nombre de taillis/rejets par catégorie, a montré que C. odorata était en train d’éviter à la fois le développement des semis et des rejets de toutes les espèces, indépendamment de leurs catégories de besoin de lumière. Cependant, le couvert fermé avait une corrélation négative avec le couvert de l’herbe et peut être un moyen biologique de contrôler les IAS dans des forêts secondaires et dégradées.
Vascularized Iliac Bone Flap Transfer for Early and Middle Stages of Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head
Authors: Zhao Dewei , Wang Benjie , Liu Baoyi 
Published: February 2019

Background:
Osteonecrosis of the femoral head often affects young active adults and leads to destruction of the hip joint and severe arthritis
1–4
. Despite improvements in hip arthroplasty design and techniques, it is unlikely that prosthetic replacements will endure for life. Alternatively, various head-preserving procedures have been used to avert or delay the need for a total hip arthroplasty
5–11
. Vascularized iliac bone flap transfer is a joint-preserving procedure that can be considered for younger patients with early or middle-stage osteonecrosis of the femoral head.

Description:
The major steps of the procedure include (1) an anterior approach to the affected hip, (2) creation of a bone flap from the iliac crest pedicled with the ascending branch of the lateral circumflex femoral artery, (3) obtaining cancellous bone from the iliac crest, (4) exposure of the anterior aspect of the femoral neck, (5) creation of a 2 × 2-cm window at the junction of the femoral head and neck, (6) debridement and removal of the necrotic bone, (7) implantation of the cancellous bone and vascularized bone flap, (8) fixation of the bone flap, and (9) layer-by-layer wound closure. Complications are rare, and full weight-bearing is allowed at 6 months postoperatively.

Alternatives:
Alternatives to the procedure include core decompression, nonvascularized bone-grafting, free vascularized fibular grafting, and vascularized greater trochanter grafting.

Rationale:
Various femoral head-preserving procedures have been reported. Core decompression is an effective femoral head-preserving procedure and is recommended as the first surgical treatment option for symptomatic small to medium-sized precollapse lesions. However, outcomes are poor when a patient has a large lesion or femoral head collapse. The advantage of vascularized iliac bone flap transfer is that it allows femoral head decompression, restores blood supply, and provides structural support. Thus, this procedure can be performed in patients with later osteonecrosis stages before hip osteoarthritis has progressed.
Experimental Investigation of Volume Fraction in an Annulus Using Electrical Resistance Tomography
Authors: Rehman Syed Raza , Zahid Alap Ali , Hasan Anwarul , Hassan Ibrahim , Rahman Mohammad A. , Rushd Sayeed 
Published: February 2019

Summary
Horizontal drilling technology has shown to improve the production and cost–effectiveness of the well by generating multiple extraction points from a single vertical well. The efficiency of hole cleaning is reduced because of the solid–cuttings accumulation in the annulus in cases of extended–reach drilling. It is difficult to study the complex flow behavior in a drilling annulus using the existing visualization techniques. In this study, experiments were carried out in the multiphase flow–loop system consisting of a simulated drilling annulus using electrical resistance tomography (ERT) and a high–speed camera. Real–time tomographic images (quantitative visualization) of multiphase flow from ERT were compared to the actual photographs of the flow conditions in a drilling annulus. The quantitative analysis demonstrates that ERT has a wide potential application in studying the hole–cleaning issues in the drilling industry.
The Meaning of Rejang Pingit Dance Performance at Geriana Kangin Village, Karangasem, Bali in the Global Era
Authors: Ruastiti Ni Made 
Published: February 2019

This research was compiled from the research results that aimed to understand the meaning of Rejang Pingit dance performance in the global era. This research was conducted because of the imbalance between assumptions and reality in real life. The people who lived in the global era should be more interesting with beautiful performances that were simply performed. However, the fact was different. Although Rejang Pingit dance was very simple, people of Geriana Kangin village preserved it. The question was what was the form of the Rejang Pingit dance performance, what was the meaning contained in the performance? This research used the qualitative method. The data sources of this research were Pingit Rejang dance performance, related informants, journals, and previous research results. All data that had been collected were analyzed using aesthetic theory, religious theory, and the theory of power relations. The results show that Rejang Pingit dance is performed in the form of dance off (with no play). It can be seen from the way of presentation, choreography, performance structure, dressing, makeup, and musical accompaniment of the performance. People of Geriana Kangin village continue to preserve Rejang Pingit dance because it is considered to have the meaning of aesthetic, religious, social, and cultural. Their belief in the myth of the essence of life that undergoes the Rejang Pingit dance is so strong so that they still preserve the dance up to now.
Ease of Online Ojek Service Grows Consumer Loyalty
Authors: Hariyatno Hariyatno , Wimpertiwi Dotty , Isanawikrama Isanawikrama , Bawono Adhi 
Published: February 2019

The purpose of this research was to find out why people in the city of Bogor tend to be loyal to ojek online compared to other public transportations. This research conducted in Bogor that used descriptive and verification methods by taking 115 samples of consumers of all fleets motorcycle ojek online in Bogor. The data were taken randomly by using iteration calculation as much as three times. Data analysis used multiple regression analysis. The result of the research shows that the most significant customer loyalty of sub-variable of service quality is reliability. Of the overall population, sub-service quality variables affect customer loyalty 89,5% and the remaining 10,5% is influenced by other factors not examined in this research.