bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Climate change-induced range shift of the endemic epiphytic lichenLobaria pindarensisin the Hindu Kush Himalayan region
Authors: DEVKOTA Shiva , DYMYTROVA Lyudmyla , CHAUDHARY Ram Prasad , WERTH Silke , SCHEIDEGGER Christoph 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe Hindu Kush Himalayan (HKH) region harbours some of the richest and most diverse ecosystems on the planet that are now facing substantial threats through changes in climate, land use and human population growth, with serious consequences for the biodiversity in this mountainous region. In this paper we evaluated the effects of climate change on the distribution of the tripartite epiphytic macrolichenLobaria pindarensis, considered to be endemic to the Himalayas. To predict the current and future distribution of this species we applied the Random Forest modelling algorithm and climatic variables with a post-processing of projected distributions using a map of habitat types in the study region. We calibrated models based on 1397 species presences within an altitudinal range of 2036–4000 m and extrapolated them according to two IPCC scenarios of climate change (RCP 2·6 and RCP 8·5). Based on the results of ensemble modelling, two new localities whereL. pindarensismight potentially occur were predicted. Our simulations predicted a range expansion of this epiphytic lichen to the north-east and to higher altitudes in response to climate change, although the species’ low dispersal abilities and the local availability of trees as a substratum will considerably limit latitudinal and altitudinal shifts. By contrast, assuming the species can migrate to previously unoccupied areas, and depending on different future climate scenarios, our models forecasted a habitat loss of 30–70% forL. pindarensis.The main reason for the simulated habitat loss is the expected increase in mean annual temperature (by 1·5–3·7 °C) and total annual precipitation (by 56–125 mm). Our results contribute further evidence for the high sensitivity of tripartite macrolichens, especially those from mountain areas, to climate change and particularly emphasize the vulnerability ofL. pindarensis. Thus, we stress the need to develop and formulate conservation measures and strategies for the protection of this endemic species in the Hindu Kush Himalayan region.
The development of English tense and agreement morphology in Welsh–English bilingual children with and without specific language impairment
Authors: Chondrogianni Vasiliki , Kwon Hyowon 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThis study investigated whether third person singular –sand past tense accuracy and error types can reveal distinct developmental patterns of agreement and tense acquisition in younger and older Welsh (L1) sequential bilingual (L2) English children with typical development (L2-TLD) and in younger children with language impairment (L2-SLI_Y). A group of older (L2-TLD_O; mean age = 93.72 months) and younger (L2-TLD_Y; mean age = 67 months) Welsh–English (TLD) bilingual children and a group of young (mean age = 63 months) children with SLI (L2-SLI_Y) age matched to the L2-TLD_Y group were administered the screening component of the Test of Early Grammatical Impairment. Results indicated that the three groups differed in their production of third person singular –sand regular past tense but not in accuracy on irregular past tense verbs, when vocabulary skills were considered. The L2-SLI_Y children produced similar error types to the L2-TLD_Y children, who differed from their L2-TLD_O peers in this respect. L2 children’s vocabulary size, nonverbal intelligence, and item-level factors, such as frequency and morphophonology, differentially contributed to their performance across the various morphemes. We discuss these results within current accounts of language development and impairment.
Illuminations of the Tabernacle of Moses and of Ezra in the Codex Amiatinus (Florence, Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana, Amiatino 1): Bede, Cassiodorus and the Antiquitates Judaicae of Flavius Josephus
Authors: Wander Steven H. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractFeatures of the two illuminations from the first quire of the Codex Amiatinus, the bifolium of the tabernacle of Moses (6v and 7r, formerly 2v/II and 7r/III) and the miniature of the Jewish priest Ezra, who is identified by inscription (2r, formerly 4r/V), correspond more closely with text from the Jewish Antiquities of Flavius Josephus than with the parallel accounts in Scripture. Cassiodorus had the Jewish Antiquities of Flavius Josephus rendered from Greek into Latin, referring to the seventh chapter (that is, chapter 6) of book 3 as the source for his illustration of the tabernacle of Moses; and this illumination, according to Bede, was available as a model at Wearmouth–Jarrow. It appears that Bede also took part in fashioning the miniature of Ezra, both the verse inscription and the image itself, which also reflects more closely passages from Cassiodorus’ so-called Latin Josephus than the corresponding sections of the Bible.
Proposition of a Shared and Value-Oriented Work Structure for Hospital-Based Health Technology Assessment and Enterprise Risk Management Processes
Authors: Etges Ana Paula Beck da Silva , Grenon Veronique , Felix Elaine Aparecida , de Souza Joana Siqueira , Kliemann Neto Francisco José , Polanczyk Carisi Anne 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundHealthcare organizations have invested efforts on hospital-based health technology assessment (HB-HTA) and enterprise risk management (ERM) processes for novel systems to obtain more accurate data on which to base strategic decisions. This study proposes to analyze how HB-HTA and ERM processes can share personal resources and skills to achieve principles with value-oriented results.MethodsLiterature on ERM and HB-HTA and data from interviews with healthcare managers compose the research data sources, which were submitted to a qualitative data analysis. It was oriented to identify the association between ERM and HB-HTA application in hospitals and the common principles between both processes, in addition to proposing the capability to share personal resources between both teams in a matrix.ResultsThe common principles and personal background suggested for HB-HTA and ERM teams allowed the build of a matrix identifying how both teams can work in an integrated manner being more effective and value-oriented. The shared resource matrix reports how each professional (with a specific background) may interact with each activity associated to HB-HTA or ERM implementation guidelines.ConclusionsThe identification of common principles and capabilities between ERM and HB-HTA suggested advances with the literature from both research areas. The opportunity to share personal resources also contributes to the implementation of those processes in hospitals with less financial resources, approaching its own management to be more efficient with the care chain.
La raison dans l’histoire de la persécution
Authors: Marmursztejn Elsa 
Published: April 2019

RésuméLa question du baptême forcé, comme forme de la persécution des juifs inscrite dans la longue durée de l’histoire des sociétés occidentales, apparaît comme un lieu de fortes tensions historiographiques. Analysant les risques auxquels son étude s’expose (” conception larmoyante de l’histoire juive », optique « téléologique », « anachronique », « judiciaire »), l’article traite des tendances historiographiques qui, rejetant le paradigme de la « société persécutrice » et réduisant systématiquement la part des facteurs religieux dans l’explication des formes de la persécution, ont donné lieu à un travail spécifique sur la causalité et la temporalité historiques. Deux situations précises (la première croisade en 1096, la croisade des Pastoureaux en 1320) permettent d’observer les mécanismes de rationalisation à l’oeuvre dans cette nouvelle histoire de la persécution, et de rendre compte de la diversité de ses objets et de ses approches.
Espace urbain et corporations: Les associations de coiffeurs dans le Japon d’Edo
Authors: Nobuyuki Yoshida 
Published: April 2019

RésuméÀ l’époque d’Edo, la reconnaissance d’un statut social était théoriquement la contrepartie d’une capacité à soutenir l’exercice de l’Autorité publique (le pouvoir guerrier) par l’accomplissement de services. Mais pour une multitude de petits métiers artisanaux exercés par des populations précaires et quasiment dépourvues de patrimoine, cette reconnaissance n’allait pas de soi, car les autorités ne considéraient pas ces activités avec beaucoup d’intérêt, sinon pour des questions de maintien de l’ordre. Les coiffeurs d’Edo mirent ainsi des années pour faire avaliser par les préfectures de la ville leurs organisations professionnelles qui régissaient l’exercice de la profession et protégeaient les intérêts de leurs membres. Ces associations n’étaient cependant pas exemptes de contradictions et de conflits internes, qui témoignent d’une évolution du métier de coiffeurs aboutissant à une dissociation entre un droit d’exercice de la profession, objet de transaction, et la pratique réelle des soins capillaires.
Food insecurity is associated with higher-than-normal blood serum copper level
Authors: Tayie Francis , Xu Beibei , Timlin Maureen , Dumars Ariel , Jackson Jenna 
Published: April 2019

AbstractObjective:To determine associations between household food security status and risk of Cu toxicity.Design:A population-level cross-sectional study to determine adult household food security status and its relationship with serum total Cu concentration (serum Cu) using multivariable regression models.Setting:Adult participants in the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011–2014.Participants:The NHANES phlebotomy data, a nationally representative sample (n 2780; 1360 men and 1420 women), were analysed.Results:A significantly greater proportion of food-insecure persons had serum Cu that was above the upper value of the normal range (clinical cut-off) compared with their food-secure counterparts. In men, food insecurity (OR = 2·24, P &lt; 0·001) and marginal food security (OR = 1·79, P &lt; 0·001), and in women, marginal food security (OR = 1·82, P = 0·016), associated with greater likelihood to have serum Cu that was above the upper value of the normal range. Food insecurity was significantly associated with greater likelihood (OR = 1·65, P = 0·020) to have serum Cu that was within the upper quartile (≥75th centile).Conclusions:Food-insecure persons associate with higher serum Cu concentration and are at greater risk of Cu toxicity. There is need to study the sources of Cu in general, and specifically in food-insecure persons, to facilitate reduction of Cu exposure. Examining Cu contents of the food and water supplies could explicate any relationships to food insecurity and Cu intake.
Early maturing spring wheat in Nordic wildtype NAM-B1 germplasm for short-duration alternative wheat-producing regions
Authors: Econopouly Bethany F. , Van Veldhuizen Bob M. , Lyon Steven R. , Killilea David W. , Zhang Mingchu , Jones Stephen S. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIn the USA, western Washington (WWA) and the Alaska (AK) Interior are two regions where maritime and continental climates, high latitude and cropping systems necessitate early maturing spring wheat (Triticum aestivumL.). Both regions aim to increase the production of hard spring bread wheat for human consumption to support regional agriculture and food systems. The Nordic region of Europe has a history of breeding for early maturing spring wheat and also experiences long daylengths with mixed maritime and continental climates. Nordic wheat also carries wildtype (wt)NAM-B1, an allele associated with accelerated senescence and increased grain protein and micronutrient content, at a higher frequency than global germplasm. Time to senescence, yield, protein and mineral content were evaluated on 42 accessions of Nordic hard red spring wheat containing wtNAM-B1over 2 years on experimental stations in WWA and the AK Interior. Significant variation was found by location and accession for time to senescence, suggesting potential parental lines for breeding programmes targeting early maturity. Additionally, multiple regression analysis showed that decreased time to senescence correlated negatively with grain yield and positively with grain protein, iron and zinc content. Breeding for early maturity in these regions will need to account for this potential trade-off in yield. Nordic wtNAM-B1accessions with early senescence yet with yields similar to regional checks are reported. Collaboration among alternative wheat regions can aid in germplasm exchange and varietal development as shown here for the early maturing trait.
Partner-Specific Dependency and Guilt as Predictors of Forgiveness in Spanish University Women
Authors: Beltrán-Morillas Ana M. , Valor-Segura Inmaculada , Expósito Francisca 
Published: April 2019

AbstractInterpersonal transgressions often threaten the stability of the relationship. Within the scope of romantic relationships, physical violence and sexual infidelity have been considered the most difficult transgressions to forgive. Similarly, two variables considered relevant for forgiveness within the context of the couple are partner-specific dependency and the guilt experienced by the offended person. In that way, this research aims to approach the understanding of the forgiveness process of such transgressions. To this end, an experimental study was designed (N= 173 university women;Mage= 21.36,SD= 2.83), by which three indicators of forgiveness corresponding to the Transgression-Related Interpersonal Motivations Scale–18–Item Form (TRIM–18; “Revenge”, “Avoidance” and “Benevolence”), partner-specific dependency and sense of guilt of the offended person were examined in the face of the transgressions of physical violence and sexual infidelity. Results revealed that violence (vs. infidelity) is less forgiven (higher “Revenge”,p= .017, ηp2= .034). In addition, the results showed that high partner-specific dependency leads to further guilt which, in turn, leads to greater forgiveness towards the partner (less “Avoidance”,CIE= –.094,SE= .042, 95% CI [–.201, –.029]; and higher “Benevolence”,CIE= .080,SE= .037, 95% CI [.024, .173]) in light of violence (vs. infidelity). Last but not least, the previous findings and their possible implications for romantic relationships are discussed.
Algorithmic Characterization of Lake Stratification and Deep Chlorophyll Layers From Depth Profiling Water Quality Data
Authors: Xu Wenzhao , Collingsworth Paris D. , Minsker Barbara 
Published: April 2019

AbstractWe develop and test algorithms for rapidly and consistently analyzing water quality profile data such as temperature and fluorescence that are used to identify lake thermostratification and deep chlorophyll layers (DCL). Currently, the processing of profile data and identification of key features are manual and subjective, and thus, the results are not comparable from one sampling event to another. In this study, we develop a method to approximate vertical temperature profiles with linear segments using a piecewise linear representation algorithm, from which stratification patterns can be extracted. We also propose an automated peak detection algorithm to identify the location and magnitude of DCL. The algorithms are applied to water quality profile data collected by the United States Environmental Protection Agency Great Lakes National Program Office, which conducts annual depth profiling using conductivity, temperature, depth profilers at fixed locations in the Great Lakes. The algorithms generate similar results to human judgments, with some outliers that show expert errors, algorithm limitations, and ambiguities in defining layers. We also show how the algorithms can analyze the shape of temperature and fluorescence profiles to detect unusual patterns. Lake Superior is used as a case study to reveal spatial and temporal trends of the thermocline, DCL, and the heat storage change from spring to summer. The results reveal that more heat was stored in the eastern basin of the lake. The methods proposed here will help take full advantage of historical depth profiling data and benefit future sampling processes by providing a consistent method.
DNA-enabled rational design of fluorescence-Raman bimodal nanoprobes for cancer imaging and therapy
Authors: Pal Suchetan , Ray Angana , Andreou Chrysafis , Zhou Yadong , Rakshit Tatini , Wlodarczyk Marek , Maeda Masatomo , Toledo-Crow Ricardo , Berisha Naxhije , Yang Jiang , Hsu Hsiao-Ting , Oseledchyk Anton , Mondal Jagannath , Zou Shengli , Kircher Moritz F. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractRecently, surface-enhanced Raman scattering nanoprobes have shown tremendous potential in oncological imaging owing to the high sensitivity and specificity of their fingerprint-like spectra. As current Raman scanners rely on a slow, point-by-point spectrum acquisition, there is an unmet need for faster imaging to cover a clinically relevant area in real-time. Herein, we report the rational design and optimization of fluorescence-Raman bimodal nanoparticles (FRNPs) that synergistically combine the specificity of Raman spectroscopy with the versatility and speed of fluorescence imaging. DNA-enabled molecular engineering allows the rational design of FRNPs with a detection limit as low as 5 × 10−15 M. FRNPs selectively accumulate in tumor tissue mouse cancer models and enable real-time fluorescence imaging for tumor detection, resection, and subsequent Raman-based verification of clean margins. Furthermore, FRNPs enable highly efficient image-guided photothermal ablation of tumors, widening the scope of the NPs into the therapeutic realm.
Laguerre-Gaussian mode sorter
Authors: Fontaine Nicolas K. , Ryf Roland , Chen Haoshuo , Neilson David T. , Kim Kwangwoong , Carpenter Joel 
Published: April 2019

AbstractExploiting a particular wave property for a particular application necessitates components capable of discriminating in the basis of that property. While spectral or polarisation decomposition can be straightforward, spatial decomposition is inherently more difficult and few options exist regardless of wave type. Fourier decomposition by a lens is a rare simple example of a spatial decomposition of great practical importance and practical simplicity; a two-dimensional decomposition of a beam into its linear momentum components. Yet this is often not the most appropriate spatial basis. Previously, no device existed capable of a two-dimensional decomposition into orbital angular momentum components, or indeed any discrete basis, despite it being a fundamental property in many wave phenomena. We demonstrate an optical device capable of decomposing a beam into a Cartesian grid of identical Gaussian spots each containing a single Laguerre-Gaussian component, using just a spatial light modulator and mirror.
High-resolution specificity profiling and off-target prediction for site-specific DNA recombinases
Authors: Bessen Jeffrey L. , Afeyan Lena K. , Dančík Vlado , Koblan Luke W. , Thompson David B. , Leichner Chas , Clemons Paul A. , Liu David R. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe development of site-specific recombinases (SSRs) as genome editing agents is limited by the difficulty of altering their native DNA specificities. Here we describe Rec-seq, a method for revealing the DNA specificity determinants and potential off-target substrates of SSRs in a comprehensive and unbiased manner. We applied Rec-seq to characterize the DNA specificity determinants of several natural and evolved SSRs including Cre, evolved variants of Cre, and other SSR family members. Rec-seq profiling of these enzymes and mutants thereof revealed previously uncharacterized SSR interactions, including specificity determinants not evident from SSR:DNA structures. Finally, we used Rec-seq specificity profiles to predict off-target substrates of Tre and Brec1 recombinases, including endogenous human genomic sequences, and confirmed their ability to recombine these off-target sequences in human cells. These findings establish Rec-seq as a high-resolution method for rapidly characterizing the DNA specificity of recombinases with single-nucleotide resolution, and for informing their further development.
Dynamical Hamiltonian engineering of 2D rectangular lattices in a one-dimensional ion chain
Authors: Rajabi Fereshteh , Motlakunta Sainath , Shih Chung-You , Kotibhaskar Nikhil , Quraishi Qudsia , Ajoy Ashok , Islam Rajibul 
Published: April 2019

AbstractControlling the interaction graph between spins or qubits in a quantum simulator allows user-controlled tailoring of native interactions to achieve a target Hamiltonian. Engineering long-ranged phonon-mediated spin–spin interactions in a trapped ion quantum simulator offers such a possibility. Trapped ions, a leading candidate for quantum simulation, are most readily trapped in a linear 1D chain, limiting their utility for readily simulating higher dimensional spin models. In this work, we introduce a hybrid method of analog-digital simulation for simulating 2D spin models which allows for the dynamic changing of interactions to achieve a new graph using a linear 1D chain. We focus this numerical work on engineering 2D rectangular nearest-neighbor spin lattices, demonstrating that the required control parameters scale linearly with ion number. This hybrid approach offers compelling possibilities for the use of 1D chains in the study of Hamiltonian quenches, dynamical phase transitions, and quantum transport in 2D and 3D.
Ocean acidification impacts on coastal ecosystem services due to habitat degradation
Authors: Hall-Spencer Jason M. , Harvey Ben P. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The oceanic uptake of anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions is changing seawater chemistry in a process known as ocean acidification. The chemistry of this rapid change in surface waters is well understood and readily detectable in oceanic observations, yet there is uncertainty about the effects of ocean acidification on society since it is difficult to scale-up from laboratory and mesocosm tests. Here, we provide a synthesis of the likely effects of ocean acidification on ecosystem properties, functions and services based on observations along natural gradients in pCO2. Studies at CO2 seeps worldwide show that biogenic habitats are particularly sensitive to ocean acidification and that their degradation results in less coastal protection and less habitat provisioning for fisheries. The risks to marine goods and services amplify with increasing acidification causing shifts to macroalgal dominance, habitat degradation and a loss of biodiversity at seep sites in the tropics, the sub-tropics and on temperate coasts. Based on this empirical evidence, we expect ocean acidification to have serious consequences for the millions of people who are dependent on coastal protection, fisheries and aquaculture. If humanity is able to make cuts in fossil fuel emissions, this will reduce costs to society and avoid the changes in coastal ecosystems seen in areas with projected pCO2 levels. A binding international agreement for the oceans should build on the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal to ‘minimise and address the impacts of ocean acidification’.