bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transcriptomics analysis revealing candidate genes and networks for sex differentiation of Yesso scallop(Patinopecten yessoensis)
Authors: Zhou Liqing , Liu Zhihong , Dong Yinghui , Sun Xiujun , Wu Biao , Yu Tao , Zheng Yanxin , Yang Aiguo , Zhao Qing , Zhao Dan 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Background:The Yesso scallop, Patinopecten (Mizuhopecten) yessoensis, is a commercially important bivalve in the coastal countries of Northeast Asia. It has complex modes of sex differentiation, but knowledge of the mechanisms underlying this sex determination and differentiation is limited.
Results:In this study, the gonad tissues from females and males at three developmental stages were used to investigate candidate genes and networks for sex differentiation via RNA-Req. A total of 901,980,606 high quality clean reads were obtained from 18 libraries, of which 417 expressed male-specific genes and 754 expressed female-specific genes. Totally, 10,074 genes differentially expressed in females and males were identified. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) revealed that turquoise and green gene modules were significantly positively correlated with male gonads, while coral1 and black modules were significantly associated with female gonads. The most important gene for sex determination and differentiation was Pydmrt1, which was the only gene discovered that determined the male sex phenotype during early gonadal differentiation. Enrichment analyses of GO terms and KEGG pathways revealed that genes involved in metabolism, genetic and environmental information processes or pathways are sex-biased. Forty-nine genes in the five modules involved in sex differentiation or determination were identified and selected to construct a gene co-expression network and a hypothesized sex differentiation pathway.
Conclusions: The current study focused on screening genes of sex differentiation in Yesso scallop, highlighting the potential regulatory mechanisms of gonadal development in P. yessoensis. Our data suggested that WCGNA can facilitate identification of key genes for sex differentiation and determination. Using this method, a hypothesized P. yessoensis sex determination and differentiation pathway was constructed. In this pathway, Pydmrt1 may have a leading function.
Soil Health Response of Cover Crops in Winter Wheat–Fallow System
Authors: Ghimire Rajan , Ghimire Binod , Mesbah Abdel O. , Sainju Upendra M. , Idowu Omololu J. 
Published: June 2019

Core Ideas
Effect of cover crops on selected soil health indicators and wheat yield was monitored.Response of soil organic matter pools varied with cover crops and sampling dates.Oat and its mixtures as cover crops have potential to improve soil health.
Cover cropping has a potential to improve soil health in semiarid regions. This research evaluated the effects of spring‐planted cover crops on selected soil health indicators in limited‐irrigated winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)–fallow system. Soil health parameters measured include soil water content (SWC), soil organic carbon (SOC), soil total nitrogen (STN), potentially mineralizable carbon (PMC), potentially mineralizable nitrogen (PMN), permanganate oxidizable carbon (POXC), inorganic N, and available P. Cover crops tested were pea (Pisum sativum L.), oat (Avena sativa L.), canola (Brassica napus L.), pea + oat (PO), pea + canola (PC), pea + oat + canola (POC), pea + oat + canola + hairy vetch (Vicia villosa L.) + forage radish (Raphanus sativus L.) + barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) (SSM), and a fallow. Cover crops were planted in February and terminated in May after 85 to 90 d. Cover crop biomass was 33 to 142% greater with oat, PO, PC, POC, and SSM than pea and canola. The SWC was 2 to 3% lower under cover crops than fallow plots at their termination, but was 2 and 4% greater in SSM and POC than fallow at wheat planting in October. Soil inorganic N was 41 to 49% lower with cover crops than fallow at termination date. Soil PMC and POXC varied with cover crop species and sampling dates. The SOC and STN contents were 18 to 20% greater with oat than PC. Oat and its mixture with other cover crops show promises to improve soil health and resilience.
Evaluation of Variable Rate Nitrogen and Reduced Irrigation Management for Potato Production
Authors: Bohman Brian J. , Rosen Carl J. , Mulla David J. 
Published: June 2019

Core Ideas
Nitrogen and irrigation applications are critical to optimize yield in potato.Crop nitrogen stress in potato can be monitored with remote sensing.Irrigation rate can be reduced by 15% without impacting yields in humid climates.Remote sensing can reduce nitrogen rate by 15% without impacting yield.Remote sensing could replace petiole sampling to manage in‐season nitrogen.
Availability of soil moisture and N are primary limiting factors for potato growth on sandy soils in humid climates. This study was conducted to determine whether tuber yield or net economic return were affected by variable rate (VR) N or reduced irrigation management, and to evaluate methods to detect crop N status including remote sensing, chlorophyll meter, and petiole sampling. The effects of six N rate, source, and timing treatments and two irrigation rate treatments on tuber yield, quality, and net profitability for potato [Solanum tuberosum (L.) ‘Russet Burbank’] were investigated in 2016 and 2017 at Becker, MN, on a Hubbard loamy sand. A VR N treatment based on the N sufficiency index (NSI) approach using remote sensing was also tested. Irrigation treatments included a conventional rate (100%) and a reduced rate (85%). The VR treatment reduced N applied relative to the recommended rate by 22 and 44 kg N ha−1 in 2016 and 2017, respectively. Irrigation rate was reduced by 29 and 33 mm in 2016 and 2017, respectively. Neither VR N nor reduced irrigation produced significant differences in tuber yield or net return compared to full rate treatments. Using NSI, remote sensing was able to predict crop N status with comparable accuracy to petiole sampling while chlorophyll meter measurements were less sensitive to detecting crop N stress. Managing N using remote sensing and reducing irrigation rate are strategies that could be used on sandy soils in humid climates without having agronomic or economic impacts on potato production.
Comparative Canopy Growth Dynamics in Four Row Crops and Their Relationships with Allometric and Environmental Determinants
Authors: Kukal M.S. , Irmak S. 
Published: June 2019

Core Ideas
We measured and compared canopy height, leaf area index, and aboveground biomass and their normalized and integrative forms (net assimilation rate and leaf area ratio).Indices were modeled using heat accumulation with strong correlation and transferability.Sensitivity of biomass production was quantified, which was higher for C4 than C3 crops.
Quantitative estimates of crop growth for regionally dominant cropping systems are imperative for various agricultural applications. Here, we studied growth patterns for maize, soybean, sorghum, and winter wheat grown under optimal growing conditions in South‐Central Nebraska during two growing seasons (2016–2017). The objectives were to measure and compare crop‐specific growth indicators such as canopy height (CH), leaf area index (LAI) and aboveground biomass (AGB), crop growth rate (GR), relative growth rate (RGR) and their normalized (LAI per plant[LAIpP], LAI per canopy height[LAIpCH], AGB per plant [AGBpP], and AGB per canopy height [AGBpCH]), and integrative forms (net assimilation rate [NAR] and leaf area ratio [LAR]). Crop‐specific sub‐seasonal magnitudes and patterns were found, which were uniform across years. Crop growth indices were empirically modeled using heat accumulation (NCTU), owing to strong correlation (mostly R2 > 0.80) and transferability. Sensitivity of biomass production between sampling events to heat accumulated between these events was quantified, which was higher for C4 crops (2.9–3.3 g m−2 °C−1) than C3 crops (0.64–1.01 g m−2 °C−1). Empirical models for estimating relatively complex growth indices were presented using indices such as CH and LAI. Moreover, LAR and RGR were highly correlated (R = 0.86) across all crops, while NAR and RGR were moderately correlated (R = 0.43), although substantial crop‐specific variability existed among these indices. The data, comparisons and models presented are the first investigated values for these crops in Midwest under uniform conditions, and are valuable for applications in remote estimation of crop growth, crop models, crop resource use, and other related applications.
Can Potassium Silicate Mineral Products Replace Conventional Potassium Fertilizers in Rice–Wheat Rotation?
Authors: Zhao Xinlin , Gao Shuaishuai , Lu Dianjun , Wang Huoyan , Chen Xiaoqin , Zhou Jianmin , Zhang Lei 
Published: June 2019

Core Ideas
We assessed the effects of several mineral fertilizers on crop yield and soil potassium fertility.The mineral fertilizers could maintain crop yield and soil potassium fertility.The mineral fertilizers could increase soil pH.The mineral fertilizers can partly replace conventional potassium fertilizers.
Potassium (K) silicate minerals are important insoluble K resources and exploring their potential as alternatives to conventional K fertilizers would be helpful to deal with the widespread K deficiency in the world. Thus on‐farm experiments with potassium silicate mineral products (KSMPs), e.g., Fubang (FB), Zhongke (ZK), Ziguang (ZG)—manufactured from natural K‐bearing rocks—were conducted to investigate their effects on crop yield, soil K fertility and pH in rice‐wheat (Oryza sativa L.–Triticum aestivum L.) rotation at Guangde County and Jiangdu County, China. The experiments lasted 2 yr at two sites and six treatments about K fertilizers were tested: no K fertilization (CK); 100% K chloride (KCl); 100% ZG; 50% KCl +50% ZG; 50% KCl +50% FB; 50% KCl +50% ZK. Results showed that both wheat and rice grain yields for CK were markedly decreased compared with that for the other treatments, regardless of K fertilizer types. Similar to KCl, the KSMPs could maintain crop yields and soil potassium fertility. Besides, the KSMPs significantly improved soil pH by average 0.47 and 0.38 at Guangde and Jiangdu, respectively, compared with that for KCl, after its application for 2 yr. However, the apparent K balances for most treatments at two sites were negative. In terms of economic aspect, the value cost ratio averaged by sites of ZG was 2.59 which was significantly higher than that for FB and ZK. In conclusion, the KSMPs can sustain crop yields and soil K fertility and thus can partly substitute conventional K fertilizers in rice‐wheat rotation on the Aquic Haplanthrepts soils.
Estudio de biodiscos como tratamiento secundario de aguas residuales domésticas
Authors: Delgado Gustavo 
Published: June 2019

Se diseñó un sistema de biodiscos a escala de laboratorio como tratamiento secundario de un efluente de un reactor UASB. El sistema se construyó con dos etapas en serie, cada etapa con un volumen efectivo de 81 litros y siete (07) discos de PVC de 60 cm de diámetro que hacían un área total efectiva de 7.92 m2. El sistema funcionó a un caudal constante de 432 l/día (TRH de 4.50 horas por etapa) y se evaluó en dos períodos de operación variando la velocidad de rotación de los discos (3 rpm durante 3 meses y 5 rpm durante 3 meses). Se midieron los valores de DBO5, SST, Turbiedad, pH y Temperatura. Además se observaron las características físicas y microbiológicas de la biopelícula durante todo el período de investigación. El sistema tuvo un grado óptimo de oxigenación, alcanzando solo en la primera etapa un valor promedio de 5.21 mg O2/l. La eficiencia de remoción promedio de la DBO5 fue del 90% para una velocidad de rotación de 3 rpm y del 78% para 5 rpm. Finalmente el sistema mostró un mejor desempeño en términos de remoción de materia orgánica para una velocidad de 3 rpm Además, se comprobó que dos etapas en serie tuvieron un mejor rendimiento que una sola etapa. Los microorganismos más representativos de la biopelícula de la primera etapa fueron protozoarios ciliados nadadores o libres y las bacterias filamentosas que tuvieron un crecimiento excesivo para el segundo período. En la segunda etapa, fueron los protozoarios ciliados fijos, rotíferos y algas unicelulares y filamentosas.
DruBot: Prototipo robótico para autenticación por comparación de proporciones faciales para el control de asistencia y detectar la suplantación en evaluaciones
Authors: Yallico Arias Tereza , Huisacayna Cutipa Abigail , Ale Ale Neisser , Calderón Niquin Marks 
Published: June 2019

Este trabajo describe el desarrollo del prototipo robótico llamado DruBot que busca reconocer los rostros de las personas que ingresan a un aula en específico, un área privada o un examen, comparándolos con una base de datos para cada caso (para distinguirlos a partir de las características extraídas de la foto del carnet universitario y los frames obtenidos del video de bienvenida de cada estudiante) y determinar si la persona que se ve a través de la cámara tiene o no acceso al área, emitiendo una señal distinta si se le permite el ingreso o no. Aplicamos técnicas de visión artificial (Haar cascade para la detección de rostros en toda la imagen capturada por la cámara en tiempo real y Face Landmarks para encontrar los puntos clave del rostro humano detectado, calcular sus proporciones a partir de distancias euclidianas y comparar para el reconocimiento de cada persona en específico) y comunicación serial con dispositivos electrónicos a fin de que los presentes noten cuándo hay un intruso o cuándo ha reconocido bien a alguien para tomarle asistencia.
O processo de construção da coerência em textos narrativos na escola
Authors: Isaia Pinheiro Flávia 
Published: June 2019

Resumo: O presente artigo tem por objetivo discutir o conceito de texto e os tipos de narrativas escolares infantis à luz das obras de Piaget referentes ao terceiro período (fim dos anos 30 ao fim dos anos 50), bem como apresentar alguns dados iniciais referentes ao estudo de doutorado da professora pesquisadora, realizado com sujeitos pré-adolescentes que freqüentavam, no ano de 2008, o 5º ano de escolaridade, em escola pública da Rede Municipal de Ensino, em Porto Alegre. A análise dos dados de duas meninas conduz aos seguintes pressupostos: para que ocorram avanços cognitivos no sujeito, a leitura e a interpretação exercem um papel fundamental na melhoria da capacidade de descentração e, consequentemente, na diferenciação entre o que o autor pensa, o que ele escreve e como utiliza os recursos da escrita para se fazer compreender.Palavras-chave: Texto; Narrativas escritas; Coerência; Descentração.Abstract: This article aims to discuss the concept of text and the types of school children’s narratives according to Piaget's works of the third period (late 30s to late 50s), and present some initial data from the doctoral studies of the teacher researcher, conducted with pre-adolescent subjects who, in 2008, attended the 5th grade in a public municipal school in Porto Alegre. Data analysis of two girls leads to the following assumptions: for advancing in the subject’s cognitive abilities, reading and interpretation play a significant role in improving the capacity of decentration and hence the differentiation between what the author thinks, what he writes and how he uses the resources of writin in order to make himself understood.Keywords: Text; Written narratives; Coherence; Decentration..
A história recente nos livros didáticos: a ditadura militar e a questão da anistia no Brasil
Authors: Rodeghero Carla Simone , Machado Vanderlei 
Published: June 2019

O presente artigo discute maneiras de inserir a História recente do Brasil nas aulas do Ensino Médio. A partir das discussões atuais sobre a necessidade de uma nova interpretação da Lei da Anistia de 1979, o texto volta à década de 1970 para recuperar o processo de luta em prol da anistia e os limites da lei aprovada, procurando mostrar a complexidade dessa problemática e a sua fecundidade para refletir sobre o presente e o passado brasileiros. Investiga o tratamento que tem sido dado ao tema nos livros didáticos apresentados pelo Catálogo Nacional do Livro didático de 2008. Sugere, ao final, caminhos para trabalhar a anistia em sala de aula. Palavras-chave: História do tempo presente, livros didáticos, Lei da Anistia, Ensino Médio.
КОНЦЕПЦІЯ ОЦІНКИ І УПРАВЛІННЯ ЛЮДСЬКИМ КАПІТАЛОМ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА
Authors: Turylo Anatolii 
Published: June 2019

В статті обґрунтовано необхідність розроблення концепції, головною відзнакою якої є те, що вона повинна змістовно і структурно об’єднувати в собі пізнання і оцінювання людських якостей з позиції, по-перше, людина – як цінність суспільства, по-друге, людина – як особистість.
Обґрунтовано концепцію дослідження оцінювання і управління якісними характеристиками певної людини в процесі її розвитку, у т.ч. людським капіталом.
В основу даної концепції покладено положення, що людина – це головна цінність і головне джерело інноваційно-економічного і соціального розвитку будь-якого суб’єкта господарювання.
Water Hammers in Transonic Modes of Steam-Liquid Flows in NPP Equipment
Authors: Skalozubov V. , Bilous N. , Pirkovskiy D. , Kozlov I. , Komarov Yu. , Chulkin O. 
Published: June 2019

The analysis of well-known studies in modelling conditions for water hammers in equipment and components of pipeline systems has revealed that definition of conditions and parameters of water hammers in the transonic modes of single- and two-phase flows (at a speed of propagation of acoustic disturbances) is the least studied problem.
The original method is proposed for determining the conditions and parameters of water hammers in transonic flow modes subject to the transition of the kinetic energy of the flow stagnation into the energy of the water hammer pulse.
It was found that the simulated hydrodynamic loads in transonic modes can significantly exceed the corresponding known recommendations of N. Zhukovsky.
The proposed method of equations computer modelling served to determine the criteria range for water hammers due to aperiodic thermohydrodynamic instability in transonic flow modes.
Estratégias de ensino em disciplina do curso de mestrado educação em ciências na Amazônia: percepção de estudantes
Authors: Terán Augusto Fachín 
Published: June 2019

Resumo: : O nosso objetivo foi apresentar evidências sobre a eficácia das estratégias de ensino usadas para a aprendizagem dos estudantes e qual é sua percepção sobre as metodologias usadas numa disciplina do curso de mestrado Educação em Ciências na Amazônia. O estudo é do tipo qualitativo, com abordagem interpretativa, realizado com duas turmas de mestrado. Os dados foram coletados através de um questionário com perguntas abertas e fechadas direcionadas aos discentes, o mesmo que foi aplicado no último dia de aula. Os estudantes apontaram que durante as aulas foi facilitada a fixação do conteúdo em função da metodologia utilizada e que isto influenciou no seu comportamento, tornando-os mais críticos, estudiosos e exigentes.Palavras-chave: Docência; Espaços educativos; Espaços Não Formais; Ensino de Ciências; Estratégias de ensino. Teaching strategies used in a postgraduate course of the masters degree in science education in the Amazon: student's perceptionAbstract: : Our objective was to present evidence on the efficacy of teaching strategies used for the students' learning and how they perceive the methodologies used in a course of the Master's Degree Science Education in the Amazon. This is qualitative type study with an interpretative approach, carried out with two masters classes. The data were collected through a questionnaire with open and closed questions directed to the students, it was applied on the last day of class. The students pointed out that during the lessons the content was fixed according to the methodology used and influenced their behavior, making them more critical, studious, and demanding.Keywords: Teaching; Educational spaces; Non-Formal Spaces; Science teaching; Teaching strategies.
Tecnologias digitais como possibilidade para compreender a produção de conhecimento em matemática
Authors: Paulo Rosa Monteiro , Firme Ingrid Cordeiro , Tonéis Cristiano Natal 
Published: June 2019

Resumo: Neste artigo discutimos o modo pelo qual se pode compreender o sentido das Tecnologias Digitais (TD) e sua potencialidade para a produção de conhecimento em matemática, especificamente no contexto da sala de aula e da formação de professores. Destaca-se que a produção, na perspectiva fenomenológica, é entendida como um movimento dinâmico que acontece no mundo da experiência vivida (BICUDO, 2000), enfatizando que sendo humanos é de onde podemos falar: da realidade mundana (HEIDEGGER, 2005). O mundo, como campo de vivência e possibilidade de o sujeito pensar e se expressar se abre à compreensão e os sentidos e significados vão se articulando nos atos vivenciais. O mundo, sempre compartilhado com os outros (seres e objetos), é o horizonte de possibilidades de ser e de conhecer. Nesse horizonte as TD são objetos intencionais, abertas à percepção e compreensão. São tematizadas e se expõem segundo um modo de dar-se a conhecer.Palavras-chave: Educação Matemática; Fenomenologia; Jogos Digitais; Formação de Professores. Digital technologies as a possibility to understand the knowledge production in mathematicsAbstract: In this article we discuss the way in which one can understand the meaning of Digital Technologies (DT) and its potential for the production of knowledge in mathematics, specifically in the context of the classroom and teacher training. It is emphasized that production, in the phenomenological perspective, is understood as a dynamic movement that happens in the world of lived experience (BICUDO, 2000), emphasizing that being human is where we can speak: from mundane reality (HEIDEGGER, 2005). The world as a field of experience and the possibility of the subject to think and express itself opens to understanding and the meanings and meanings are articulated in the acts of experience. The world, always shared with others (beings and objects), is the horizon of possibilities of being and knowing. Within this horizon DT are intentional objects, open to perception and understanding. They are thematized and exposed according to a way of making themselves known.Keywords: Mathematical Education; Phenomenology; Digital Games; Teacher Training.