bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rapid and Efficient Production of Human Functional Mast Cells through a Three-Dimensional Culture of Adipose Tissue–Derived Stromal Vascular Cells
Authors: Paupert Jenny , Espinosa Eric , Cenac Nicolas , Robert Virginie , Laharrague Patrick , Evrard Solène M. , Casteilla Louis , Lorsignol Anne , Cousin Béatrice 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Mast cells (MC) are innate immune cells involved in many physiological and pathological processes. However, studies of MC function and biology are hampered by the difficulties to obtain human primary MC. To solve this problem, we established a new method to produce easily and rapidly high numbers of MC for in vitro studies using human adipose tissue, which is an abundant and easy access tissue. Stromal vascular fraction of adipose tissue, obtained from human abdominal dermolipectomy, was cultured as spheroids in serum free medium supplemented in stem cell factor. Using this method, we generated, within 3 wk, a highly pure population of connective tissue–type MC expressing MC typical peptidases (tryptase, chymase, and carboxypeptidase-A3) with a yield increasing over time. Stem cell factor was required for this culture, but unlike MC derived from CD34+ cells, this culture did not depend on IL-3 and -6. MC obtained with this method degranulated following FcεRI cross-linking or stimulation by C5a, compound 48/80, and substance P. Interestingly, activation by anti-IgE of both white adipose tissue–MC and MC obtained from peripheral blood–derived CD34+ pluripotent progenitor cells induced the production of PGs as well as proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, Il-6, and GM-CSF). In conclusion, we developed a new time saving and reproducible method to produce highly pure and functional human MC in 3 wk from human adipose tissue.
Surveillance of Myelodysplastic Syndrome via Migration Analyses of Blood Neutrophils: A Potential Prognostic Tool
Authors: Schuster Marc , Moeller Mischa , Bornemann Lea , Bessen Clara , Sobczak Charlyn , Schmitz Saskia , Witjes Laura , Kruithoff Katja , Kohn Christina , Just Olga , Kündgen Andrea , Pundt Noreen , Pelzer Benedikt , Ampe Christophe , Van Troys Marleen , Nusch Arnd , Haas Rainer , Germing Ulrich , Martens Lennart , Jöckel Karl-Heinz , Gunzer Matthias 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Autonomous migration is a central characteristic of immune cells, and changes in this function have been correlated to the progression and severity of diseases. Hence, the identification of pathologically altered leukocyte migration patterns might be a promising approach for disease surveillance and prognostic scoring. However, because of the lack of standardized and robust assays, migration patterns have not been clinically exploited so far. In this study, we introduce an easy-to-use and cross-laboratory, standardized two-dimensional migration assay for neutrophil granulocytes from peripheral blood. By combining time-lapse video microscopy and automated cell tracking, we calculated the average migration of neutrophils from 111 individual participants of the German Heinz Nixdorf Recall MultiGeneration study under steady-state, formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine–, CXCL1-, and CXCL8-stimulated conditions. Comparable values were obtained in an independent laboratory from a cohort in Belgium, demonstrating the robustness and transferability of the assay. In a double-blinded retrospective clinical analysis, we found that neutrophil migration strongly correlated with the Revised International Prognostic Scoring System scoring and risk category of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) patients. In fact, patients suffering from high-risk subtypes MDS with excess blasts I or II displayed highly significantly reduced neutrophil migration. Hence, the determination of neutrophil migration patterns might represent a useful tool in the surveillance of MDS. Taken together, we suggest that standardized migration assays of neutrophils and other leukocyte subtypes might be broadly applicable as prognostic and surveillance tools for MDS and potentially for other diseases.
Gender differences in academic achievement of children with developmental coordination disorder
Authors: De Waal Elna , Pienaar Anita E. , Coetzee Dané 
Published: November 2018

Background: Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) has a negative impact on everyday activities and academic achievement in children, mainly owing to similar underlying motor and cognitive constructs. Academic achievement of boys and girls seems to be different, with boys being more prone to academic backlogs, especially in language-related areas.Aim: This study investigated if boys with DCD displayed more academic problems than girls with DCD.Setting: Ten-year-old children (N = 221, ±0.41) from different economic backgrounds were randomly selected for assessment as part of the NW-CHILD (North-West Child Health, Integrated with Learning and Development) longitudinal study in the North West Province of South Africa.Methods: The Movement Assessment Battery for Children, Second Edition, was used to determine DCD status in the group. The results of the Annual National Assessment and the mid-year June exam, which included six learning areas, were used to analyse academic differences between typically developing boys and girls and those who were identified with DCD (seven boys, seven girls). Independent t-testing and Mann–Whitney non-parametric tests were used to determine differences between boys and girls.Results: Boys with DCD had inferior literacy and numeracy skills, significantly poorer manual dexterity and balancing skills and also displayed statistically and large practically significant weaker mid-year grade point averages than girls. Children with DCD also portrayed poorer academic achievement than typically developing children.Conclusion: Significant differences in balancing skills and in languages between boys and girls with DCD might have contributed to the practically significant poorer maths performance of boys.
The Primitive Spectrum and Category for the Periplectic Lie Superalgebra
Authors: Chen Chih-Whi , Coulembier Kevin 
Published: November 2018

AbstractWe solve two problems in representation theory for the periplectic Lie superalgebra$\mathfrak{p}\mathfrak{e}(n)$, namely, the description of the primitive spectrum in terms of functorial realisations of the braid group and the decomposition of category ${\mathcal{O}}$into indecomposable blocks.To solve the first problem, we establish a new type of equivalence between category ${\mathcal{O}}$for all (not just simple or basic) classical Lie superalgebras and a category of Harish-Chandra bimodules. The latter bimodules have a left action of the Lie superalgebra but a right action of the underlying Lie algebra. To solve the second problem, we establish a BGG reciprocity result for the periplectic Lie superalgebra.
Multiple Lattice Tilings in Euclidean Spaces
Authors: Yang Qi , Zong Chuanming 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIn 1885, Fedorov discovered that a convex domain can form a lattice tiling of the Euclidean plane if and only if it is a parallelogram or a centrally symmetric hexagon. This paper proves the following results. Except for parallelograms and centrally symmetric hexagons, there are no other convex domains that can form two-, three- or four-fold lattice tilings in the Euclidean plane. However, there are both octagons and decagons that can form five-fold lattice tilings. Whenever $n\geqslant 3$, there are non-parallelohedral polytopes that can form five-fold lattice tilings in the $n$-dimensional Euclidean space.
Improving Resident and Fellow Engagement in Patient Safety Through a Graduate Medical Education Incentive Program
Authors: Turner David A. , Bae Jonathan , Cheely George , Milne Judy , Owens Thomas A. , Kuhn Catherine M. 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACT

Background
Collaboration between graduate medical education (GME) and health systems is essential for the success of patient safety initiatives. One example is the development of an incentive program aligning trainee performance with health system quality and safety priorities.

Objective
We aimed to improve trainee safety event reporting and engagement in patient safety through a GME incentive program.

Methods
The incentive program was implemented to provide financial incentives to drive behavior and engage residents and fellows in safety efforts. Safety event reporting was measured beginning in the 2014–2015 academic year. A training module was introduced and the system reporting link was added to the institution's Resident Management System homepage. The number of reports by trainees was tracked over time, with a target of 2 reports per trainee per year.

Results
Baseline data for the year prior to implementation of the incentive program showed less than 0.5% (74 of 16 498) of safety reports were submitted by trainees, in contrast with 1288 reports (7% of institutional reports) by trainees in 2014–2015 (P &lt; .0001). A total of 516 trainees (57%), from 37 programs, received payment for the metric, based on a predefined program target of a mean of 2 reports per trainee. In 2015–2016 and 2016–2017 the submission rate was sustained, with 1234 and 1350 reports submitted by trainees, respectively.

Conclusions
An incentive program as part of a larger effort to address safety events is feasible and resulted in increased reporting by trainees.
BACTERIOLOGICAL SURVEY OF FILLETING PROCESSES IN THE PACIFIC NORTHWEST
Authors: Tretsven Wayne I. 
Published: November 2018

Summary
Lots of incoming commercial cod were sampled by six different methods to determine the best one for measuring the bacterial load on the fish. Rinses of similar whole cod gave bacterial counts that were relatively low and quite variable, whereas spraying a rinse against the surface resulted both in higher and in more uniform counts. When similar 5-cm2 areas were sampled, bacterial counts obtained by swabbing respresented 35% ad scraping represented 46% of that obtained from the excised surface.
Counts differed more between the lots of fish than between fish or between portions of the same fish. Swabbing appears to be a practical method of sampling in-line processing of fish, as it is non-destructive and relatively efficient in removing large and fairly uniform numbers of bacteria.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE VOLUMETRIC DELIVERIES FROM GLASS AND PLASTIC PIPETTES
Authors: Felland Huda S. , Nadig James W. 
Published: November 2018

Summary
This study was undertaken to determine the accuracy of 0.1- and 1.0-ml deliveries from disposable plastic pipettes. Actual volumes delivered by plastic, and glass pipettes purportedly manufactured according to American Public Health Association specifications were determined. Results indicated that calibrations of the plastic pipettes were more consistent and accurate than those of glass pipettes.
EFFECT OF THE TYPE OF BACTERIOLOGICAL PEPTONE IN THE PLATING MEDIUM UPON THE ENUMERATION OF PASTEURIZATION-RESISTANT BACTERIA IN MILK1
Authors: Thomas W. R. , Reinbold G. W. , Nelson F. E. 
Published: November 2018

Summary
Various bacteriological, peptones were studied as to effects on enumeration of pasteurization-resistant bacteria in milk. No appreciable differences were observed in colony counts of unheated cultures of thermoduric Micrococcus varians and Arthrobacter and Streptococcus sp. when plated with media containing different peptones. After laboratory pasteurization, colony counts differed substantially. Usually, media producing the highest counts yielded the largest and most easily discernible colonies. Bacto-Tryptone was deficient for colony development of thermoduric streptococci. Results indicate that, although seemingly adequate for enumeration in raw milk, the bacteriological peptone currently recommended for the standard plate count may not be satisfactory for the determination of the maximum viable bacteria population of pasteurized milk.
Ocean acidification reduces hardness and stiffness of the Portuguese oyster shell with impaired microstructure: a hierarchical analysis
Authors: Meng Yuan , Guo Zhenbin , Fitzer Susan C. , Upadhyay Abhishek , Chan Vera B. S. , Li Chaoyi , Cusack Maggie , Yao Haimin , Yeung Kelvin W. K. , Thiyagarajan Vengatesen 
Published: November 2018

Abstract. The rapidly intensifying process of ocean acidification (OA) due to
anthropogenic CO2 is not only depleting carbonate ions necessary
for calcification but also causing acidosis and disrupting internal pH
homeostasis in several marine organisms. These negative consequences of OA on
marine calcifiers, i.e. oyster species, have been very well documented in
recent studies; however, the consequences of reduced or impaired
calcification on the end-product, shells or skeletons, still remain one of
the major research gaps. Shells produced by marine organisms under OA are
expected to show signs of dissolution, disorganized microstructure and
reduced mechanical properties. To bridge this knowledge gap and to test the
above hypothesis, we investigated the effect of OA on juvenile shells of the
commercially important oyster species, Magallana angulata,
at ecologically and climatically relevant OA levels (using pH 8.1, 7.8, 7.5,
7.2). In lower pH conditions, a drop of shell hardness and stiffness was
revealed by nanoindentation tests, while an evident porous internal
microstructure was detected by scanning electron microscopy. Crystallographic
orientation, on the other hand, showed no significant difference with
decreasing pH using electron back-scattered diffraction (EBSD). These results
indicate the porous internal microstructure may be the cause of the reduction
in shell hardness and stiffness. The overall decrease of shell density observed
from micro-computed tomography analysis indicates the porous internal
microstructure may run through the shell, thus inevitably limiting the
effectiveness of the shell's defensive function. This study shows the potential
deterioration of oyster shells induced by OA, especially in their early life
stage. This knowledge is critical to estimate the survival and production of
edible oysters in the future ocean.
The NASA Eulerian Snow on Sea Ice Model (NESOSIM) v1.0: initial model development and analysis
Authors: Petty Alek A. , Webster Melinda , Boisvert Linette , Markus Thorsten 
Published: November 2018

Abstract. The NASA Eulerian Snow On Sea Ice Model (NESOSIM) is a new, open-source snow budget model that is currently configured to produce daily estimates of the depth and density of snow on sea ice across the Arctic Ocean through the accumulation season. NESOSIM has been developed in a three-dimensional Eulerian framework and includes two (vertical) snow layers and several simple parameterizations (accumulation, wind packing, advection–divergence, blowing snow lost to leads) to represent key sources and sinks of snow on sea ice. The model is forced with daily inputs of snowfall and near-surface winds (from reanalyses), sea ice concentration (from satellite passive microwave data) and sea ice drift (from satellite feature tracking) during the accumulation season (August through April). In this study, we present the NESOSIM formulation, calibration efforts, sensitivity studies and validation efforts across an Arctic Ocean domain (100 km horizontal resolution). The simulated snow depth and density are calibrated with in situ data collected on drifting ice stations during the 1980s. NESOSIM shows strong agreement with the in situ seasonal cycles of snow depth and density, and shows good (moderate) agreement with the regional snow depth (density) distributions. NESOSIM is run for a contemporary period (2000 to 2015), with the results showing strong sensitivity to the reanalysis-derived snowfall forcing data, with the Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA) and the Japanese Meteorological Agency 55-year reanalysis (JRA-55) forced snow depths generally higher than ERA-Interim, and the Arctic System Reanalysis (ASR) generally lower. We also generate and force NESOSIM with a consensus median daily snowfall dataset from these reanalyses. The results are compared against snow depth estimates derived from NASA's Operation IceBridge (OIB) snow radar data from 2009 to 2015, showing moderate–strong correlations and root mean squared errors of  ∼ 10 cm depending on the OIB snow depth product analyzed, similar to the comparisons between OIB snow depths and the commonly used modified Warren snow depth climatology. Potential improvements to this initial NESOSIM formulation are discussed in the hopes of improving the accuracy and reliability of these simulated snow depths and densities.
Global simulation of tropospheric chemistry at 12.5 km resolution: performance and evaluation of the GEOS-Chem chemical module (v10-1) within the NASA GEOS Earth system model (GEOS-5 ESM)
Authors: Hu Lu , Keller Christoph A. , Long Michael S. , Sherwen Tomás , Auer Benjamin , Da Silva Arlindo , Nielsen Jon E. , Pawson Steven , Thompson Matthew A. , Trayanov Atanas L. , Travis Katherine R. , Grange Stuart K. , Evans Mat J. , Jacob Daniel J. 
Published: November 2018

Abstract. We present a full-year online global simulation of tropospheric chemistry
(158 coupled species) at cubed-sphere c720 (∼12.5×12.5km2) resolution in the NASA Goddard Earth
Observing System Model version 5 Earth system model (GEOS-5 ESM) with
GEOS-Chem as a chemical module (G5NR-chem). The GEOS-Chem module within GEOS
uses the exact same code as the offline GEOS-Chem chemical transport model
(CTM) developed by a large atmospheric chemistry research community. In this
way, continual updates to the GEOS-Chem CTM by that community can be
seamlessly passed on to the GEOS chemical module, which remains state of the
science and referenceable to the
latest version of GEOS-Chem. The 1-year G5NR-chem simulation was conducted to
serve as the Nature Run for observing system simulation experiments (OSSEs)
in support of the future geostationary satellite constellation for
tropospheric chemistry. It required 31 wall-time days on 4707 compute cores
with only 24 % of the time spent on the GEOS-Chem chemical module. Results
from the GEOS-5 Nature Run with GEOS-Chem chemistry were shown to be
consistent to the offline GEOS-Chem CTM and were further compared to global
and regional observations. The simulation shows no significant global bias
for tropospheric ozone relative to the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI)
satellite and is highly correlated with observations spatially and
seasonally. It successfully captures the ozone vertical distributions
measured by ozonesondes over different regions of the world, as well as
observations for ozone and its precursors from the August–September 2013
Studies of Emissions, Atmospheric Composition, Clouds and Climate Coupling by
Regional Surveys (SEAC4RS) aircraft campaign over the southeast US. It
systematically overestimates surface ozone concentrations by
10 ppbv at sites in the US and Europe, a problem currently being
addressed by the GEOS-Chem CTM community and from which the GEOS ESM will
benefit through the seamless update of the online code.
The Clinical Significance of Crohn Disease Activity at Resection Margins
Authors: Setoodeh Sasan , Liu Li , Boukhar Sarag A. , Singal Amit G. , Westerhoff Maria , Waljee Akbar K. , Ahmed Tasneem , Gopal Purva 
Published: November 2018

Context.—
Conflicting data about the clinical significance of microscopic Crohn disease (CD) activity at resection margins have led to varying practice patterns for routine reporting by pathologists.

Objective.—
To characterize the association between active disease at resection margins with postoperative CD recurrence and time-to-recurrence in the era of anti–tumor necrosis factor therapy.

Design.—
We performed a multicenter retrospective cohort study of 101 consecutive CD bowel resections during 10 years. Margin slides were reviewed, and CD activity at the margins was graded as none, mild, moderate, or severe. The association between microscopic CD activity at the margin with postoperative recurrence and time-to-recurrence were evaluated with logistic regression and Cox regression analyses, respectively.

Results.—
Crohn disease activity at resection margins was reported in 43% of pathology reports. Resection margins had CD involvement in 39.6% of cases, 20 of which were classified as mild, 6 as moderate, and 12 with severe CD activity. Although patients with mild (odds ratio, 1.14; 95% CI, 0.40–3.20) and moderate to severe (odds ratio, 1.97; 95% CI, 0.62–6.35) activity were at increased risk of disease recurrence, the differences were not statistically significant. Patients with mild (hazard ratio, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.50–1.91) and moderate to severe (hazard ratio, 1.29; 95% CI, 0.65–2.55) disease activity at margins did not have significantly different time-to-recurrence compared with those without disease activity.

Conclusions.—
Our study suggests CD activity at resection margins is not significantly associated with postoperative CD recurrence.
Lignification and Advances in Lignin Imaging in Plant Cell Walls
Authors: Simon Clémence , Lion Cedric , Biot Christophe , Gierlinger Notburga , Hawkins Simon 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Lignin is the second most abundant plant biopolymer after cellulose on the planet. This phenolic polymer is a major constituent of the cell wall in certain specialised plant tissues where it plays a vital role in many aspects of plant growth. Both the amount and the chemical composition of lignin in cell walls have important effects on the characteristics of plant biomass thereby impacting strongly on the quality of a wide range of economically important products derived from plants. A better understanding of how the lignin polymer contributes to the development of the plant interacts with the environment during the carbon cycle and influences the characteristics of lignocellulose biomass depends upon the availability of appropriate analytical tools permitting a complete characterisation of lignin composition. While several chemical and physical techniques are able to provide both qualitative and quantitative analyses of the chemical composition of extracted cell wall material and/or lignin, they are generally unable to provide detailed spatial information at the tissue/cell‐wall level. Recently, the development and application of vibrational spectroscopy and bioorthogonal chemical approaches to lignin imaging are allowing us to obtain a better understanding of the heterogeneity and dynamics of lignin structure
in situ
. In this article, we discuss lignification and the different techniques that are available to the plant biologist interested in characterising lignin structure with a focus on new imaging techniques.