bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of surgical outcome and review of literature of schwannomas arising from the extremities
Authors: Wahegaonkar Chandrashekhar , Patil Bhushan , Sharma Alok , Dogra Bharat Bhushan 
Published: July 2019

Background: Schwannoma is a benign peripheral nerve sheath tumour derived from Schwann cells. Also known as Neurilemoma, it can affect any nerve in the body. They usually present as a painless swelling or paresthesia over the sensory distribution of the affected nerve. Although it is classically described that schwannomas are well encapsulated and can be completely enucleated during excision, many of them have fascicular involvement and could not be completely shelled out. The aim of this work is to present our experience in operative management of schwannomas located in extremities.Methods: Authors conducted a retrospective review for 18 adult patients with schwannoma, from June 2012 to June 2018. There were 10 men and 8 women, ranging from 20 to 68 years of age, with a mean age of 46 years old. All patients had excision done for the tumour and histopathological examination confirmed schwannoma. All patients were preoperatively evaluated both clinically and radiologically. FNAC was also done to confirm the origin of the swelling.Results: The mean follow up period has been 2 years. Complete excision with preservation of nerve was done in all cases except for one case in which nerve graft was used.Conclusions: Use of preoperative MRI, magnification and good surgical technique will help to enucleate the tumour completely without any collateral damage or recurrence. The possibility and option of nerve graft should be discussed with patients prior to schwannoma excision, so that nerve grafting could be directly proceeded with patient consent in case there is fascicular involvement of tumour found intraoperatively.
Removal of entrapped rings from swollen fingers by a non destructive technique
Authors: Echem Richard C. , Eyimina Phillip D. , Adiela Vincent U. E. 
Published: July 2019

Background: Ring entrapment is uncommon in our environment. It is necessary to remove entrapped rings and the removal techniques could be either destructive or non-destructive. The aim of this study is to present a non-destructive method of entrapped ring removal.Methods: A prospective study of patients who presented to the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt between 1st October 2007 and 30th September 2018, with entrapped finger ring(s). The authors developed a non-destructive technique of entrapped ring removal utilizing 1.5-2.5 mm electric cables. The cables are passed under the ring and looped over it. The surgeon and his first assistant applies traction towards the distal aspect of the finger through the cables while moving the cables from side to side around the finger, with the second assistant maintaining a counter-traction. Data obtained was analyzed using IBM’s Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23.Results: During the period, there were 25 patients who had entrapped ring(s) in their fingers. Mean age was 22.92±9.33 years. There were 10 males and 15 females. Mean duration of ring entrapment was 5.72±4.57 days. Mean duration of ring removal was 63.6±46.58 seconds. Abrasion was the most common complication following initial removal attempts as well as this technique. The entrapped rings were all successfully removed.Conclusion: The electric cable technique is a simple, inexpensive and readily available method of entrapped ring removal.
The Effects of Biannual Equine Influenza Vaccine on Performance in Adult Horses
Authors: Shipman Emma 
Published: July 2019

<p><strong>PICO question</strong></p><p>In three day event horses, does biannual routine influenza vaccination compared to annual routine influenza vaccination reduce performance levels?</p><p><strong>Clinical bottom line</strong><strong><br /> </strong></p><p>There is no evidence that biannual equine influenza vaccination compared to annual booster vaccination in three day event horses is associated with reduced performance.</p><p>A group of five studies published over an 11 year period from one were evaluated. In adult warmblood horses there is weak evidence that exercise in the 28 day period post booster vaccination for equine influenza and equine herpes virus 1 and 4 (EHV1&amp;4), is associated with changes in physical and clinical pathophysiological parameters including total red blood cell (RBC) count, neutrophil and lymphocyte count, fibrinogen concentration and serum proteins. These changes occurred at variable time points in the 14 days post exercise and values were not outside the published reference ranges for the reporting laboratories where published. Athletic performance of the horses was not evaluated.</p><p>No recommendations for equine influenza vaccination protocols in three day event horses can be made from the evidence.</p><p> </p><p><img src="https://www.veterinaryevidence.org/rcvskmod/icons/oa-icon.jpg" alt="Open Access" /> <img src="https://www.veterinaryevidence.org/rcvskmod/icons/pr-icon.jpg" alt="Peer Reviewed" /></p>
DEVELOPMENT OF PENCAK SILAT LEARNING MEDIA BASED ON MACROMEDIA FLASH 8
Authors: Ihsan Nurul , Valentino Riko 
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this study is to develop an interactive multimedia on Pencak Silat materials using the application Macromedia Flash 8 for grade VIII and to find out the feasibility, practicality and effectiveness of learning media using Macromedia Flash 8. The development model used in this study is the development model of Borg and Gall. Applications based on the results of the validity test from the material experts obtained a value of 4.33 in the "Valid" category so that the material was declared good to use. From the results of the validity testing of media experts, it was obtained a value of 4.09 with the category "Valid". So that it can be concluded that this learning media is feasible and can be tested. Furthermore, based on the practicality test obtained an average of 4.05 with the category "Practical". The results of the effectiveness test, the results of tcount> ttable are 2.12> 1.73. So that it can be concluded that the interactive multimedia learning of Pencak Silat material grade VIII using the application of Macromedia Flash 8 is practical and effectively used as a learning media for Pencak Silat
Prognostic factors for pulmonary large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma: a competing-risks analysis
Authors: Huang Qian , Liu Jie , Huang Qiao , Cai Huifang , Zhang Qi , Wang Lina 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background

Pulmonary large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) is a rare and highly invasive subtype of lung cancer that accounts for fewer than 3% of cases. The prognostic factors for pulmonary LCNEC are unclear in the literature.

Methods

Patients diagnosed with pulmonary LCNEC between 2004 and 2015 were identified in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. The CumIncidence function was used for the univariate analysis. Multivariate analysis was performed using Cox regression analysis, subdistribution hazard function analysis, and cause-specific hazard function analysis.

Results

We finally screened 1246 patients diagnosed with pulmonary LCNEC, among whom 796 died of LCNEC and 141 died from other causes. The univariate analysis showed that sex, primary site, laterality, American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage, T stage, N stage, M stage, lymph-node status, surgery, and chemotherapy were significant prognostic factors for pulmonary LCNEC (P<0.05). The multivariate analysis demonstrated that sex, AJCC stage, TNM stage T4, TNM stage N3, lymph-node status, surgery, and chemotherapy were independent risk factors for the prognosis (P<0.05).

Conclusion

We have conducted a competing-risks analysis of patients with pulmonary LCNEC in the SEER database. The results showed that sex, AJCC stage, TNM stage T4, TNM stage N3, lymph-node status, surgery, and chemotherapy are independent prognostic factors for pulmonary LCNEC patients. The reported data represent reference information that can be used for accurate assessments of the prognosis of pulmonary LCNEC patients.
Group B Streptococcus detection in pregnant women: comparison of real-time PCR assay, culture, and the Xpert GBS rapid test
Authors: Vieira Laura , Perez Amanda Vilaverde , Machado Monique M , Kayser Michele L , Vettori Daniela V , Alegretti Ana Paula , Ferreira Charles Francisco , Vettorazzi Janete , Valério Edimárlei G 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background

Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is one of the most important causative agents of neonatal sepsis. As administration of prophylactic antibiotics during labor can prevent GBS infection, routine screening for this bacterium in prenatal care before the onset of labor is recommended. However, many women present in labor without having undergone such testing during antenatal care, and the turnaround time of detection methods is insufficient for results to be obtained before delivery.

Methods

Vaginal and anorectal specimens were collected from 270 pregnant women. Each sample was tested by Xpert GBS, PCR, and culture for GBS detection.

Results

The overall prevalence of maternal GBS colonization was 30.7% according to Xpert GBS, 51.1% according to PCR, and 14.3% according to cultures. Considering the PCR method as the reference, the Xpert GBS had a sensitivity of 53% and specificity of 93%. Positive Xpert GBS results were associated with marital status (married or cohabitating) and with prematurity as a cause of neonatal hospitalization. Positive cultures were associated with ischemic–hypoxic encephalopathy requiring therapeutic hypothermia.

Conclusions

Combined enrichment/PCR and the Xpert GBS rapid test found a high prevalence of GBS colonization. The Xpert GBS technique gives faster results and could be useful for evaluating mothers who present without antenatal GBS screening results and are at risk of preterm labor, thus allowing institution of prophylactic antibiotic therapy. Trial Registration: The study was approved by the institutional Research Ethics Committee (CAAE: 59688316.0.0000.5327)
Comparison of efﬁcacy and safety of oxycodone versus fentanyl for intravenous patient-controlled analgesia in postoperative pain management: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chen Peng , Chen Fuchao , Lei Jiexin , benhong zhou 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Backgroud

Patient-controlled analgesia(PCA) with intravenous an opioid has been suggested as a effective method of postoperative pain relief. There are several randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of comparison of oxycodone and fentanyl for IV-PCA in surgical patients. The purpose of this study was to performed a meta-analysis to compare the effect of intravenous oxycodone and fentanyl on post-operative pain in sugical patients from collected current data.

Methods

The RCTs of oxycodone versus fentanyl for IV-PCA were gathered from PubMed, Embase, Cochrane library, CNKI and VIP data. After data extraction and quality assessment of the included RCTs, the RevMan 5.3 software was applied for meta-analysis of numerical rating scale (NRS) scores, accumulated IV-PCA consumption of oxycodone and fentanyl, patient satisfaction, postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), and other adverse events (AEs).

Results

Results reported from eight RCTs involving 600 patients are included in the meta-analysis. The NRS score at rest and upon movement of group oxycodone was signiﬁcantly lower than that of group fentanyl (WMD= -3.85, 95% CI -4.93~-2.76, P<0.00001; WMD= -4.31, 95% CI -5.79~-2.84, P<0.00001); however, the incidence of PONV and dizziness was signiﬁcantly higher in group oxycodone than in group fentanyl (OR = 2.41, 95% CI 1.60~3.63, P < 0.0001; OR=3.69, 95% CI 2.17~6.26, P<0.00001). Accumulated IV-PCA consumption in group oxycodone was less than in group fentanyl overall the 48 hours postoperatively (WMD= -12.11, 95% CI -18.42~-5.80, P = 0.0002). There was no significant difference in patient satisfaction between oxycodone and fentanyl (OR=0.73, 95% CI 0.11~5.04, P= 0.75).

Conclusion

According to the evidence, this meta-analysis suggest that oxycodone IV-PCA is superior to fentanyl in postoperative pain relief, whereas the higher incidence of PONV and dizziness was accompanied with oxycodone. Further large-scale and well-designed studies are needed to summarize and analyse the data to draw a more convincing conclusion.
Hygiene protocols for the treatment of denture-related stomatitis: local and systemic parameters analysis
Authors: Ribeiro Adriana Barbosa , de Araújo Camila Borba , Bueno Frank Lucarini , Silva Luiz Eduardo , Fazan-Junior Rubens , Salgado Helio Cesar , Ribeiro Aline Barbosa , Fortes Caroline Vieira , Oliveira Viviane de Cássia , Paranhos Helena de Oliveira , Silva-Lovato Cláudia Helena 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background
The Denture-related stomatitis (DS) is a chronic multifactorial inflammation, strongly related to the presence of the biofilm. This oral condition has recently been correlated with deleterious cardiovascular alterations. The potential effect of hygiene protocols in the control of DS and Randomized clinical trials that address this oral condition with cardiovascular complications are necessary for clinical decision-making.
Material/design
A clinical trial, randomized, double-blind, of parallel groups, will be conducted in Brazil and the sample will be composed of 100 total edentulous individuals bi-maxillary, users of at least maxillary complete dentures, diagnosed with DS that will be allocated according to the different hygiene protocols: (1) brushing of the palate and immersion of the prosthesis in 0.25% sodium hypochlorite solution (positive control); (2) brushing of the palate and immersion of the prosthesis in 0.15% Triclosan solution; (3) brushing of the palate and immersion of the prostheses in lactose monohydrate; (4) brushing the palate with citric acid and immersing the prosthesis in lactose monohydrate. The response variables will be: heart rate variability and alteration of blood pressure (systemic level), remission of Denture-related Stomatitis, removal of biofilm, reduction of microbial load (CFU), mouth and prosthesis odor level, expression of MUC1, proinflammatory cytokines, C-reactive protein level - CRP, viscosity, pH and salivary flow (locally). Measurements will be performed in the Baseline and ten days after the interventions. The results obtained will be submitted to the pertinent statistical analysis with a level of significance of 0.05.
Discussion
This study will provide a guideline of clinical practice regarding the use of hygiene protocols in the treatment of oral diseases mediated by biofilm. Also, it may provide evidence of correlation of oral manifestation with cardiac risk.
Management of initial colonisations with Burkholderia species in France, a retrospective analysis in five Cystic Fibrosis Centres
Authors: Gruzelle Vianney , Guet-Revillet Hélène , Segonds Christine , Bui Stéphanie , Macey Julie , Chiron Raphael , Michelet Marine , Murris-Espin Marlène , Mittaine Marie 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Whereas Burkholderia infections are recognized to impair prognosis in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients, there is no recommendation to date for early eradication therapy. The aim of our study was to analyse the current management of initial colonisations with Burkholderia cepacia complex (BCC) or B. gladioli in French CF Centres and its impact on bacterial clearance and clinical outcome. We performed a retrospective review of the primary colonisations (PC) observed between 2010 and 2018 in five CF Centres. Treatment regimens, microbiological and clinical data were collected. Seventeen patients (14 with BCC, and 3 with B. gladioli) were included. Eradication therapy, using heterogeneous combinations of intravenous, oral or nebulised antibiotics, was attempted in 11 patients. Six out of the 11 treated patients, and 4 out of the 6 untreated patients cleared the bacterium. Though not statistically significant, higher FEV1 and FVC at PC and consistency of treatment with in vitro antibiotic susceptibility tended to be associated with eradication. Thus, the management of PC was shown to be heterogeneous, and the statistic power of our study insufficient. Large prospective studies are needed to define who to treat, when, and how. Pending these studies, we propose, due to possible spontaneous clearance, to check the presence of Burkholderia one month after PC before starting antibiotics, at least in the milder cases, and to evaluate a combination of IV beta-lactam + oral or IV fluoroquinolone + inhaled aminoglycoside.
Spoligotyping and Drug Sensitivity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated from Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in the Arsi Zone of South Eastern Ethiopia
Authors: Nega Belete Haile , Tafess Ketema , Zewude Aboma , Yenew Bazezew , SIU Gilman , Ameni Gobena 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background

Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the leading disease causing morbidity and mortality in different zones of Ethiopia including the Arsi Zone. However, little or no scientific information is available on the strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and their drug sensitivity profiles in this Zone. This study was conducted to identify the strains of M. tuberculosis and evaluate their drug sensitivity profiles.

Methodology

A total of 111 clinical isolates of M. tuberculosis from patients with pulmonary TB in the Arsi Zone were used for this study. The region of difference 9 (RD 9)-based polymerase chain reaction (PCR)and spoligotyping methods were used for speciation and strain identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis respectively.The spoligotyping patterns were compared with the international SpolDB4 (SITVIT) and Run TB-Lineage used for the identification of lineages. The phenotypic drug susceptibility patterns were confirmed by BD BactecMGIT 960 SIRE test and GenoType MTBDRplus line probe assays were used for the detection the drug resistance-conferring mutations of the isolates.

Result

The spoligotype patterns of 83% (92/111) of the isolates were interpretable and 56 different patterns were identified. Twenty-two of these patterns were shared types while the remaining 34 were orphans. The predominant shared types were spoligotype international type (SIT) 149 and SIT53, each consisting of 12 and 11 isolates, respectively. The lineages identified were Euro-American, East-African-Indian, Mycobacterium-africanum, and Indo-Oceanic in descending order. Phenotypically, 17.2% of the 64 tested isolates were resistant to any of the four first-line drugs while 3.1% of them were multi-drug resistant (MDR). Higher (6.2%) monoresistance was observed to Streptomycin followed by Isoniazid (3.1%) while no resistance was observed either to Rifampicin or to Ethambutol. Genotypically, five (5.4%) isolates were resistant to Isoniazid and mutated at codon S315T1 of katG. On the other hand, only 1.1% of the isolates was resistant to Rifampicin and mutated at codon S531L of rpoB gene.

Conclusion

The proportion of orphan strains isolated in this study was high, which could suggest the presence of new strains in the Zone. Moreover, the study showed relatively high percentage of mono-resistance to any four first-line drugs warranting for the need to strengthen the control efforts.
Quick selenium accumulation in selenium-rich rice and its physiological changes in selenium environment
Authors: Liang Yuanke , Farooq Muhammad Umer , Su Yang , Zeng Rui , Zhang Yujie , Ei Hla Hla , Tang Zhichen , Zheng Tengda , Ye Xiaoying , Jia Xiaomei , Zhu Jianqing 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background: The element selenium (Se) deficiency is recognized as a global health problem. Improving Se accumulation in rice grain is an important issue for human health. But Se is both essential and toxic for plants, with a narrow margin between deficiency and toxicity and the mechanism for Se accumulation and tolerance in selenium-rich rice plants remains unknown.
Results: In this study, we investigated the phenotypical, physiological and biochemical changes of selenium-rich rice exposed to different stages of Se concentrations. Results showed that selenium-rich rice can accumulate more Se from the root in low selenate environment comparing with selenium-free normal rice. Besides, excessive selenate caused phytotoxic effects on selenium-rich rice plants by inducing chlorosis, dwarfness, reduced antioxidant contents, and exacerbating oxidative stress. Furthermore, both phosphate transporter OsPT2 and sulfate transporters OsSultr1;2 can contribute to selenite uptake in rice.
Conclusions: Based on the results, selenium-rich red rice is more sensitive to Se and the best Se concentration for selenium-rich rice is 20μM in the root environment. Such findings can be used to direct and evaluate the toxic effects of Se contamination on selenium-rich rice in the field. To draw a sound conclusion, long-term field trials are still required, including risks and benefits analysis for various management strategies.
EDUCAÃ‡AO E DESIGUALDADES REGIONAIS: OS IMPACTOS DO FUNDEB NO BRASIL
Authors: Frinhani Paulo Eduardo 
Published: July 2019

O objetivo do estudo Ã© mostrar os impactos do Fundeb no financiamento da educaÃ§Ã£o bÃ¡sica pÃºblica brasileira no perÃ­odo de 2005 a 2009, tendo por comparaÃ§Ã£o o crescimento do Ideb nas regiÃµes brasileiras. Para avaliar os impactos do Fundeb e os resultados alcanÃ§ados, esta pesquisa analisa - novo padrÃ£o de financiamento da educaÃ§Ã£o bÃ¡sica introduzido pelo fundo, buscando verificar se o fundo estabelece uma polÃ­tica nacional de correÃ§Ã£o das desigualdades regionais e analisar a trajetÃ³ria dos recursos disponÃ­veis do valor aluno/ano aplicado nas regiÃµes brasileiras podendo concluir seÂ Fundeb representa um importante avanÃ§o para o equilÃ­brio federativo no financiamento da educaÃ§Ã£o bÃ¡sica, ampliando a discussÃ£o entre a politica social, educacional e econÃ³mica no Brasil atravÃ©s da avaliaÃ§Ã£o da introduÃ§Ã£o do Fundeb
QUESTAO HABITACIONAL EM MANHUAÃ‡U E A GARANTIA DE DIREITOS DE CIDADANIA: UMA EQUAÃ‡ÃƒO POSSÃVEL?
Authors: Silva Luciana Bosco e , Silva RutelÃ©ia CÃ¢ndida de Souza , Abreu Roberto Vicente Silva de 
Published: July 2019

Ao longo da histÃ³ria, as mazelas e precariedades habitacionais sempre acometeram milhÃµes de pessoas no Brasil. Essa realidade tambÃ©m se materializa em ManhuaÃ§u-MG, cidade marcada por uma heranÃ§a coronelista, num contexto de resignaÃ§Ã£o e "naturalizaÃ§Ã£o" da pobreza, sobretudo, a partir da desorganizaÃ§Ã£o polÃ­tica dos segmentos mais vulnerabilizados. As discussÃµes propostas neste artigo tÃªm como objetivo justamente traÃ§ar algumas consideraÃ§Ãµes em torno da qualidade das habitaÃ§Ãµes e as localidades de maior incidÃªncia de carÃªncias habitacionais no municÃ­pio. Procura estabelecer conexÃµes entre a crise habitacional eÂ processo de crescimento e urbanizaÃ§Ã£o da cidade, sobretudo, num contexto em que as aÃ§Ãµes e iniciativas adotadas tÃªm assumido, em geral, um carÃ¡ter meramente pontual ou sem bases sustentÃ¡veis necessÃ¡rias Ã resoluÃ§Ã£o deste problema. O que se observa Ã© que tal situaÃ§Ã£o requer a adoÃ§Ã£o de polÃ­ticas pÃºblicas viabilizadoras de direitos sociais e de cidadania, promotoras de desenvolvimento social, econÃ´mico e ambiental da regiÃ£o.
MULHERES CHEFES DE FAMILIA NO BRASIL COLÃ”NIA
Authors: Souza Sara Bruna Lopes de 
Published: July 2019

A presente pesquisa se propÃµe a analisar a estrutura da famÃ­lia brasileira no Brasil Colonial, sendo a chefia feminina de domicÃ­lios o destaque deste. Para desenvolver este trabalho valemo-nos de dissertaÃ§Ãµes e outros estudos que abordam tal assunto. Assim, buscaremos entender qual foi o real valor da famÃ­lia patriarcal na sociedade colonial, quem eram as mulheres que chefiavam lares, destacando o que propiciou a formaÃ§Ã£o de tais fogos e como estas mulheres viviam, quais eram suas estratÃ©gias de sobrevivÃªncia. Sabe-se que as atividades exercidas por essas mulheres variaram em diferentes funÃ§Ãµes, e foi por meio delas que sustentavam seus lares. Desta forma, ao analisar a diversidade quanto Ã organizaÃ§Ã£o familiar, destacaremos como a chefia feminina de domicÃ­lios foi um fenÃ´meno comum na famÃ­lia brasileira.