bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Partizipative Entscheidungsfindung (PEF) – Patient und Arzt als Team
Authors: Bieber Christiane , Gschwendtner Kathrin , Müller Nicole , Eich Wolfgang 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe article provides an overview on Shared Decision Making (SDM), which is considered as the ideal form of physician-patient-interaction by many stakeholders of the health care system. SDM is distinguished from other models of physician-patient-interaction such as the paternalistic model and the information model. Besides the degree of acceptance of SDM in the general population and among physicians, barriers for its implementation will be reported. Indications for SDM as well as strategies and support material for its use in individual consultations will be discussed and illustrated by an oncological case study. Effects of SDM for patients as well as for clinicians will be highlighted. After background information on origins of SDM, its significance with regard to health policy in Germany is discussed.
A prospective trial of CONfocal endomicroscopy in CYSTic lesions of the pancreas: CONCYST-01
Authors: Keane Margaret G. , Wehnert Natascha , Perez-Machado Miguel , Fusai Giuseppe K. , Thorburn Douglas , Oppong Kofi W. , Carroll Nicholas , Metz Andrew J. , Pereira Stephen P. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background and study aims Pancreatic cystic lesions (PCL) are common. While some harbor malignant potential, accurate preoperative diagnosis remains challenging. Needle-based confocal laser endomicroscopy (nCLE) via a 19G FNA needle enables real-time imaging of the cyst wall. This study evaluated the safety and utility of nCLE in patients with an indeterminate PCL undergoing EUS-FNA.
Patients and methods The CONCYST study prospectively
recruited patients with indeterminate PCL attending three hepatopancreaticobiliary (HPB) referral centers in the UK, with indeterminate PCL, who required EUS-FNA between July 2014 and October 2016. Following the procedure, all patients were followed up in telephone clinic for at least 12 months. Ethical approval for the study was granted by the National Research Ethics Service (14/LO/0040).
Results Sixty-seven patient were recruited, 11 excluded and 56 included in the final analysis: 35 male, 21 female; median age 68 (range 28 – 80). Recognizable confocal images were obtained in 48 of 56 cases. Median nCLE scanning time was 5 minutes and did not exceed 10 minutes in any case. EUS-nCLE findings correlated with final diagnosis (based on imaging, cytology and multidisciplinary team review) in 43/56 (77 %) of cases, compared with 37/56 (66 %) for cytology alone (P = 0.12). One patient experienced mild pruritus following the procedure and another developed an infected pseudocyst, which resolved with antibiotics.
Conclusions EUS-nCLE under conscious sedation in the day case setting is safe and provides additional information to standard EUS-FNA for diagnosing indeterminate PCL.
Position statement on EUS-guided ablation of pancreatic cystic neoplasms from an international expert panel
Authors: Teoh Anthony Yuen-Bun , Seo Dong Wan , Brugge William , Dewitt John , Kongkam Pradermchai , Linghu Enqiang , Moyer Matthew T. , Ryu Ji Kon , Ho Khek Yu 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background and aim Recently, several guidelines with divergent recommendations on management of pancreatic cystic neoplasm have been published but the role of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided pancreatic cyst ablation has not been thoroughly addressed. The aim of the current paper is to explore the issues surrounding EUS-guided pancreatic cyst ablation by generating a list of clinical questions and providing answers based on best scientific evidence available.
Methods An expert panel in EUS-guided pancreatic cyst ablation was recruited from members of the Asian EUS group and an international expert panel. A list of clinical questions was created and each question allocated to one member to generate a statement in response. The statements were then discussed in three Internet conference meetings between October 2016 and October 2017. The statements were changed until consensus was obtained. Afterwards, the complete set of statements was sent to all the panelist to vote on strength of the statements, classification of the statement sand grading of the evidence.
Results Twenty-three statements on EUS-guided drainage of pancreatic cyst ablation were formulated. The statements addressed indications for the procedures, technical aspects, pre-procedure and post-procedure management, management of complications, and competency and training in the procedures.
Conclusion The current set of statements on EUS-guided pancreatic cyst ablation are the first to be published by any endoscopic society. Clinicians interested in developing the technique should reference these statements and future studies should address the key issues raised in the document.
iNO Therapy in Patients with Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia – Discrepancy between Widespread Use and Therapeutic Effects
Authors: Herich Kira , Schaible Thomas , Reinhard Julia , Rafat Neysan , Otto Christiane , Schleef Rasmus , Büttner Sylvia , Lange Bettina 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background Despite recent studies failing to prove beneficial effects of iNO therapy in patients with CDH, its use is still widespread. The aim of this work was to analyze iNO use in a retrospective cohort focusing on outcome parameters. Patients 378 CDH patients born and treated in Mannheim University Medical Center, Department for Neonatology, between 2010 and 2017 constituted our cohort. Therapy was based on the standardized protocol of the CDH EURO Consortium.
Method General data (sex, birth weight, gestational age etc.) and therapy-related data (duration of iNO application, OI after 60 mins, need for ECMO support etc.) were collected from clinical reports and then conducted using SAS for both mono- and multivariate analyses.
Results Out of 378 newborns with CDH, 265 received iNO (70.1%), of whom 82 (30.9%) showed a significant OI reduction of ≥5 pts after 60 mins (=responders), median OI improved by 1.85 pts overall. Among initial responders iNO, application reduced the need for ECMO support (p=0.0054), increased the time to ECMO initiation (p=0.005) and reduced mortality (p=0.0396).
Discussion A group of 43 patients considerably benefited from iNO and thererfore as they did not need ECMO support. Even though iNO therapy has failed to prove significant beneficial effects for non-responders, the application is still to be considered an essential treatment method in the transitional period of CDH patients.
Conclusions A more critical approach towards iNO application in nonresponders should be promoted. Further extensive multicenter studies on treatment alternatives for CDH-PAH are desirable.
Predicting Outcome and Conservative Treatment Failure in Patients with Skull Fracture after Traumatic Brain Injury: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Bobeff Ernest J. , Posmyk Bartłomiej J. , Bobeff Katarzyna Ł. , Fortuniak Jan , Wiśniewski Karol , Stawiski Konrad , Stefańczyk Ludomir , Jaskólski Dariusz J. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Objective Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The prognostic value of skull fracture (SF) remains to be clearly defined. To evaluate the need for neurosurgical intervention and determine the risk factors of conservative treatment failure (CTF), we retrieved from the hospital database the records of patients with SF after TBI.
Methods We analyzed 146 consecutive patients (mean age: 49.8 ± 17.5 years) treated at the department of neurosurgery in a 5-year period. Clinical data, radiologic reports, and laboratory results were evaluated retrospectively.
Results A total of 63% of patients were treated conservatively, 21.9% were operated on immediately, and 15.1% experienced CTF. Overall, 73.3% had a favorable outcome; the mortality rate was 13%. Intracranial bleeding occurred in 96.6% of cases, basilar SF in 61%, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak in 2.8%. The independent risk factors for outcome were Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score, age, and platelet count (PCT). The independent risk factors for CTF were epidural hematoma, subdural hematoma, mass effect, edema, international normalized ratio, PCT, mean platelet volume, and CSF leakage. The consensus decision tree algorithm used at the accident and emergency department indicated patients with no need for neurosurgical intervention with an accuracy of 91.7%, sensitivity of 88.9%, and featured the importance of mass effect, GCS, and epidural hematoma.
Conclusions Tests included in the complete blood count appeared useful for predicting the course in patients with SF, although the most important factors were age and neurologic status, as well as radiologic findings. Our decision tree requires further validation before it can be used in everyday practice.
Técnica para reconstrução de membros de doadores de tecidos osteomusculares
Authors: Vialle Luiz Roberto Gomes , Vialle Emiliano Neves , Nanni Felipe de Negreiros 
Published: August 2019

ResumoA doação de tecidos ósseos e tendíneos é uma importante fonte de material biológico empregado em diversas técnicas cirúrgicas. A remoção destes tecidos gera uma importante sequela estética no doador, sendo necessária a reconstrução dos membros antes da devolução do corpo aos familiares. A técnica utilizada pelo Banco de Ossos do Paraná faz uso de vergalhões metálicos, tubos de silicone e abraçadeiras de náilon para reconstruir os membros, uma técnica de fácil execução e com resultado estético satisfatório.
Markers for Identifying and Targeting Glioblastoma Cells during Surgery
Authors: Schipmann Stephanie , Schwake Michael , Suero Molina Eric , Stummer Walter 
Published: August 2019

AbstractGlioblastoma is a highly malignant tumor with a poor prognosis. A factor influencing survival that can be affected by the surgeon is the extent of resection (EOR). Due to the infiltrative nature of the tumor, delineation of tumor from normal brain parenchyma is often challenging. To improve EOR and facilitate tumor visualization, several techniques have been developed over the last few years. This literature review presents an overview of current intraoperative strategies for identifying and targeting glioma cells and discusses the benefits and limitations of each technique. Along with conventional techniques such as neuronavigation and ultrasound, fluorescence-guided surgery with different fluorescent agents such as 5-aminolevulinc acid and fluorescein have been widely used. Recently, newer techniques have emerged and are being translated into the operating room, promising delineation of glioblastoma tissue using targeted approaches or identification on a microscopic level, for instance using Raman spectroscopy or confocal microscopy.
A Novel Prognostic Marker in Patients Undergoing Spinal Surgery: Prognostic Nutritional Index
Authors: Acarbaş Arsal 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Objective The relationship of a preoperative Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI) with perioperative adverse events (PAEs) other than delirium has never been described in patients undergoing spinal surgery. We aimed to evaluate the impact of admission PNI on the outcome of patients undergoing spinal surgery.
Methods Medical records of 408 consecutive patients 50 years or older undergoing spinal surgery were reviewed. Patients' information including demographic data, routine preoperative laboratory tests, and PNI were collected to assess the association between these factors and PAEs. The PNI was calculated from this formula: 10 × serum albumin (g/dL) + 0.005 × total lymphocyte count/mm3. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to determine the cutoff value of the PNI.
Results PAEs occurred in 61 (14.9%) of the patients. Older patients and those with more comorbid conditions such as atrial fibrillation, chronic renal failure, history of malignancy, and diabetes mellitus tended to have a higher rate of PAEs. Patients with PAEs had higher C-reactive protein (4.4 ± 5.4 vs 2.2 ± 3.0 mg/dL; p < 0.001) but had lower hemoglobin levels (12.2 ± 1.57 vs 13.1 ± 1.84 g/dL; p < 0.001) on admission. Patients who had PAEs had a significantly lower preoperative PNI (46.1 ± 4.4 vs 51.9 ± 5.8; p < 0.001) compared with patients without a PAE. Multivariate analysis showed that age (odds ratio [OR]: 1.23; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.76–1.35; p < 0.04), PNI < 47.7 (OR: 2.51; 95% CI, 1.188–5.477; p = 0.008) and the presence of diabetes (OR: 3.23; 95% CI, 11.326–7.474; p = 0.004) were significant and independent predictors of PAEs.
Conclusion This study is the first to demonstrate that a lower preoperative PNI is associated with PAEs in patients undergoing spinal surgery.
Understanding Lateral Periodontal Cyst: A Case Report
Authors: Chandel Monica Roy , Bishen Kundendu Arya , Agrawal Nikit , Singh Himanshu 
Published: August 2019

AbstractLateral periodontal cysts (LPCs) are developmental in origin and are typically seen in the canine-premolar area in the mandible and less commonly in the maxilla. Reported rate of incidence of LPCs is less than 1%, and LPCs represent only 0.8% of entire central cysts of the maxillary bone. Despite its unique clinical and radiological presentation, it is finally diagnosed due to its unique histological characteristics. Here, we present one case with characteristic findings. The routine hematoxylin and eosin–stained sections revealed reduced enamel epithelium-like cystic lining that is made of thin, nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium along with some epithelial plaques. The clinical-radio-pathological correlation affirmed the diagnosis of LPC. The pathogenesis of LPC has been discussed.
Fixation and Fixatives: Roles and Functions—A Short Review
Authors: Singh Himanshu , Bishen Kundendu Arya , Garg Deepti , Sukhija Hemani , Sharma Dheeraj , Tomar Urvashi 
Published: August 2019

AbstractFixation is considered as physiochemical process where cells or tissues are fixed chemically. Fixatives perform various functions such as prevention of autolysis and tissue putrefaction. Various fixative agents include formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, osmium tetroxide, glyoxal, picric acid, and so on. A detailed search on PubMed, Google scholar, and Scopus database showed very few articles on “fixation” and “fixative.” Keeping this fact in mind, a comprehensive review on fixation and fixatives was prepared. The main aim of this review is to make pathologists and laboratory technicians familiar with the basic aspects and different types of fixatives.
Diffuse Leiomyomatosis: Complete Myomectomy for Innumerable Small Nodules to Achieve Fertility Sparing and Childbearing
Authors: Konishi Ikuo 
Published: August 2019

AbstractDiffuse leiomyomatosis is a rare condition among benign smooth muscle neoplasms of the uterus, being defined as innumerable small myomatous nodules that mainly occur in the submucosal area. Young women with this disease suffer from menorrhagia, pains, and infertility. It is essential to perform extensive myomectomy after opening the endometrial cavity by a deep, median, longitudinal incision of the uterine corpus, followed by careful suture and reconstruction of the uterus for fertility spearing and childbearing in young women with this disease. So far, there have been no experiences of the uterine rupture during pregnancy even after such myomectomy, but Caesarean section is recommended for safe delivery.
A New Technique for Research on Wound Healing through Extraction of Mandibular Lower Incisors in Wistar Rats
Authors: Khoswanto Christian 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to explain a new technique for research on wound healing through extraction of mandibular lower incisors in Wistar rats.
Materials and Methods Fifty Wistar rats were used from studies using the experimental animal to investigate the effects of wound healing drugs on alveolar bone. The mandibular incisors of the Wistar rats were extracted using a special modified bein and special pulling pliers under general anesthesia. The tooth socket after extraction was closed using a 5.0 suture nylon needle.
Results The results of this technique used in this extraction showed 2% incisor tooth fracture and 3% bleeding, and that all fractured teeth could be removed properly, and bleeding could be stopped after suturing.
Conclusion The new techniques we use can be useful for research on mucosal and alveolar bone healing, specifically finding new types of drugs to accelerate wound healing after alveolar bone post extraction.
Considerations in Orbital Reconstruction for the Oncologic Surgeon: Critical versus Optimal Objectives
Authors: Legocki Alex T. , Miles Brett A. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background Orbital reconstruction following oncologic midface resection is uniquely challenging, and makes critical contributions to patient aesthetics, function, and identity. Approach is largely dependent on surgeon and patient preferences, and there exists no consensus on defect characterization.
Objective The goal of the study is to provide a mental framework for the reconstructive oncologic surgeon to use as a foundation during his or her approach to the orbit.
Design The design of the study is based on the review of current literature and expert opinion.
Conclusions Critical versus optimal objectives must be set in orbital reconstruction, and a systematic approach should be followed. We approach orbital reconstruction by first deciding whether globe-sparing surgery is possible, or if orbital exenteration will be necessary. We then set critical and optimal objectives for our chosen pathway. Critical goals in globe-sparing reconstruction include maintaining orbital volume and preserving visual function, and an optimal goal includes preservation of the nasolacrimal system. Critical goals in orbital exenteration include obliterating the defect, sealing the skull base and nasal cavities, and allowing eye protection to be worn over the contralateral eye postoperatively. Optimal goals in exenteration include preparation for prosthetics, volume and bony replacement, eyelid-sparing technique, and consideration of postoperative radiation.
Management of Temporal Bone Malignancy in Ireland
Authors: Woods Robbie S. R. , Naude Anel , O'Sullivan John Barry , Rawluk Daniel , Javadpour Mohsen , Walshe Peter , Lacy Peter D. , O'Neill James Paul , McConn-Walsh Rory 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjectives Lateral temporal bone malignancy remains a challenging rare disease. We report 17 years of multidisciplinary care of these tumors with univariate and multivariate analyses of key prognostic indicators for consideration in contemporary oncological management.Design This is a retrospective cohort study.Setting This is set at a tertiary referral center.Participants All patients presenting with histopathologically newly diagnosed cases of temporal bone malignancy between 2000 and 2017 were included.Main Outcome Measures The main outcome measures are disease-specific and recurrence-free survival rates.Results In this study, 48 cases of temporal bone malignancy were diagnosed. Median age at diagnosis was 69 years (range: 5–88). Fourteen patients were female. Squamous cell carcinoma was the predominant malignancy in 34 cases (71%). Surgical treatment was undertaken in 37 patients. Mean length of follow-up was 32 months (range: 0.7–117). Overall 5-year disease-specific survival was 52.4%, while overall 5-year recurrence-free survival was 53.5%. On univariate analysis, significantly worse survival was seen in females (p = 0.008), those with distant metastatic disease (p = 0.041), and in middle ear involvement (p = 0.012) with no difference for involvement of the external auditory canal (p = 0.98) or mastoid (p = 0.78). Only middle ear involvement remained significant on multivariate analysis.Conclusion A wide variety of malignant pathology may present in the temporal bone. Recurrence-free survival is equivalent to international data; however, this figure is low. This emphasizes the need to treat these tumors appropriately with radical resection, where possible, at first presentation. Therefore, multidisciplinary surgical input is recommended. Middle ear involvement was a negative prognosticator for disease-specific and recurrence-free survivals.
Engineering energetically efficient transport of dicarboxylic acids in yeast
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Darbani Behrooz , Stovicek Vratislav , van der Hoek Steven Axel , Borodina Irina 
Published: August 2019

Significance
The export of organic acids is typically proton or sodium coupled and requires energetic expenditure. Consequently, the cell factories producing organic acids must use part of the carbon feedstock on generating the energy for export, which decreases the overall process yield. Here, we show that organic acids can be exported from yeast cells by voltage-gated anion channels without the use of proton, sodium, or ATP motive force, resulting in more efficient fermentation processes.
Berberine and palmatine inhibit the growth of human rhabdomyosarcoma cells
Authors: Shinji Sayaka , Nakamura Shunichi , Nihashi Yuma , Umezawa Koji , Takaya Tomohide 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT
A natural isoquinoline alkaloid, berberine, has been known to exhibit anti-tumor activity in various cancer cells via inducing cell cycle arrest. However, it has not been investigated whether berberine and its analogs inhibit the growth of rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), which is the most frequent soft tissue tumor in children. The present study examined the anti-tumor effects of berberine and palmatine on expansions of three human embryonal RMS cell lines; ERMS1, KYM1, and RD. Intracellular incorporation of berberine was relatively higher than that of palmatine in every RMS cell line. Berberine significantly inhibited the cell cycle of all RMS cells at G1 phase. On the other hand, palmatine only suppressed the growth of RD cells. Both of berberine and palmatine strongly inhibited the growth of tumorsphere of RD cells in three-dimensional culture. These results indicate that berberine derivatives have the potential of anti-tumor drugs for RMS therapy.
Abbreviations: ARMS: alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma; ERMS: embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma; RMS: rhabdomyosarcoma
Dosimetry needs for MRI-linacs
Authors: Jelen U , Begg J 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The pursuit of real-time image-guided radiotherapy has prompted the development of hybrid devices coupling MRI scanners with radiotherapy treatment units, usually linear accelerators (linacs). One of the challenges in MRI-linac technology is the magnetic field impact on the dose deposition. Dose deposition effects have to be considered in the radiation therapy chain as they alter the dose distribution in patients and influence the response of many commonly used radiation detectors. In this presentation specific issues of dosimetry for MRI-linacs will be reviewed and illustrated with examples from the Australian MRI-linac commissioning process.
Polymer gel dosimetry in the presence of a strong magnetic field
Authors: Roed Y , Pinsky L , Ibbott G 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The integration of magnetic resonance (MR) imagers with radiotherapy units provided a new opportunity to demonstrate the value of polymer gels as volumetric dosimeters. The purpose of this work was to investigate the use of methacrylic-acid based polymer gels for quality assurance of patient-specific treatment plans delivered with these novel treatment machines. The characterization of the gel was performed while the gel was subjected to a strong magnetic field and in the absence of the magnetic field. Additionally, an end-to-end phantom study was conducted using an MR image-guided radiotherapy (MR-IGRT) unit. This data will be used to support the implementation of volumetric dosimeters in MR-IGRT.