bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genomic Correlates of Disease Progression and Treatment Response in Prospectively Characterized Gliomas
Authors: Jonsson Philip , Lin Andrew L. , Young Robert J. , DiStefano Natalie M. , Hyman David M. , Li Bob T. , Berger Michael F. , Zehir Ahmet , Ladanyi Marc , Solit David B. , Arnold Angela G. , Stadler Zsofia K. , Mandelker Diana , Goldberg Michael E. , Chmielecki Juliann , Pourmaleki Maryam , Ogilvie Shahiba Q. , Chavan Shweta S. , McKeown Andrew T. , Manne Malbora , Hyde Allison , Beal Kathryn , Yang T. Jonathan , Nolan Craig P. , Pentsova Elena , Omuro Antonio , Gavrilovic Igor T. , Kaley Thomas J. , Diamond Eli L. , Stone Jacqueline B. , Grommes Christian , Boire Adrienne , Daras Mariza , Piotrowski Anna F. , Miller Alexandra M. , Gutin Philip H. , Chan Timothy A. , Tabar Viviane S. , Brennan Cameron W. , Rosenblum Marc , DeAngelis Lisa M. , Mellinghoff Ingo K. , Taylor Barry S. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Purpose:
The genomic landscape of gliomas has been characterized and now contributes to disease classification, yet the relationship between molecular profile and disease progression and treatment response remain poorly understood.
Experimental Design: We integrated prospective clinical sequencing of 1,004 primary and recurrent tumors from 923 glioma patients with clinical and treatment phenotypes.

Results:
Thirteen percent of glioma patients harbored a pathogenic germline variant, including a subset associated with heritable genetic syndromes and variants mediating DNA repair dysfunctions (29% of the total) that were associated with somatic biallelic inactivation and mechanism-specific somatic phenotypes. In astrocytomas, genomic alterations in effectors of cell-cycle progression correlated with aggressive disease independent of IDH mutation status, arose preferentially in enhancing tumors (44% vs. 8%, P &lt; 0.001), were associated with rapid disease progression following tumor recurrence (HR = 2.6, P = 0.02), and likely preceded the acquisition of alkylating therapy-associated somatic hypermutation. Thirty-two percent of patients harbored a potentially therapeutically actionable lesion, of whom 11% received targeted therapies. In BRAF-mutant gliomas, response to agents targeting the RAF/MEK/ERK signaling axis was influenced by the type of mutation, its clonality, and its cellular and genomic context.

Conclusions:
These data reveal genomic correlates of disease progression and treatment response in diverse types of glioma and highlight the potential utility of incorporating genomic information into the clinical decision-making for patients with glioma.
Clinical Response of Live-Attenuated, Listeria monocytogenes Expressing Mesothelin (CRS-207) with Chemotherapy in Patients with Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma
Authors: Hassan Raffit , Alley Evan , Kindler Hedy , Antonia Scott , Jahan Thierry , Honarmand Somayeh , Nair Nitya , Whiting Chan C. , Enstrom Amanda , Lemmens Ed , Tsujikawa Takahiro , Kumar Sushil , Choe Gina , Thomas Anish , McDougall Katherine , Murphy Aimee L. , Jaffee Elizabeth , Coussens Lisa M. , Brockstedt Dirk G. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Purpose:
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is an aggressive cancer associated with poor prognosis. CRS-207 is a live-attenuated Listeria monocytogenes engineered to express mesothelin, a tumor-associated antigen highly expressed in MPM. CRS-207 induces antitumor immune responses and increases susceptibility of neoplastic cells to immune-mediated killing.

Patients and Methods:
Patients with unresectable MPM, ECOG 0 or 1, and adequate organ and pulmonary function were enrolled in this multicenter, open-label phase Ib study. They received two priming infusions of 1 × 109 CFU CRS-207, followed by pemetrexed/cisplatin chemotherapy, and CRS-207 booster infusions. Primary objectives were safety and induction of immune response. Secondary/exploratory objectives included tumor response, progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), immune subset analysis, and gene-expression profiling of tumor.

Results:
Of 35 evaluable patients, 89% (31/35) had disease control with one complete response (3%), 19 partial responses (54%), and 10 stable disease (29%). The estimated median duration of response was 5.0 months (95% CI, 3.9–11.5). The median PFS and OS were 7.5 (95% CI, 7.0–9.9) and 14.7 (95% CI, 11.2–21.9) months, respectively. Tumor size reduction was observed post–CRS-207 infusion prior to chemotherapy in 11 of 35 (31%) patients. No unexpected treatment-related serious adverse events or deaths were observed. IHC analysis of pre- and post–CRS-207 treatment tumor biopsies revealed possible reinvigoration and proliferation of T cells, increased infiltration of dendritic and natural killer cells, increased CD8:Treg ratio, and a shift from immunosuppressive M2-like to proinflammatory M1-like macrophages following CRS-207 administration.

Conclusions:
Combination of CRS-207 and chemotherapy induced significant changes in the local tumor microenvironment and objective tumor responses in a majority of treated patients.
The Use of Ribavirin as an Anticancer Therapeutic: Will It Go Viral?
Authors: Casaos Joshua , Gorelick Noah L. , Huq Sakibul , Choi John , Xia Yuanxuan , Serra Riccardo , Felder Raphael , Lott Tarik , Kast Richard E. , Suk Ian , Brem Henry , Tyler Betty , Skuli Nicolas 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The growing cost of medical care worldwide, particularly in oncology, has incentivized researchers and physicians to repurpose clinically used drugs to alleviate the financial burden of drug development and offer potential new therapeutics. Recent works have demonstrated anticancer properties of the FDA-approved drug ribavirin, a synthetic guanosine analogue and antiviral molecule used over the past four decades for the treatment of hepatitis C. The efficacy of ribavirin in cancer has been explored through several preclinical models and ongoing clinical trials in multiple cancers, including acute myeloid leukemia, oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma, and metastatic breast cancer. In this review, we summarize the role of ribavirin as an antiviral medication and focus our attention on its recent use as an antitumoral agent. We highlight current knowledge of the potential use and mechanisms of action of ribavirin in cancer. Because current therapeutics for patients with cancer still fail to cure, introducing new forms of treatment is essential. Converging evidence suggests that ribavirin represents a promising addition to a generation of newly repurposed safe and effective anticancer agents.
Focus Marking and Prosodic Boundary Strength in French
Authors: Michelas Amandine , German James S. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackground/Aims:In French, the size of a focus constituent is not reliably marked through pitch accent assignment as in many stress accent languages. While it has been argued that the distribution of lower-level prosodic boundaries plays a role, this is at best a weak cue to focus, leaving open the question of whether other marking strategies are available. In this study, we assess whether the right edge of a contrastive focus constituent is marked by differences in prosodic boundary strength.Methods:We elicited utterances with target words in six combinations of focus and syntactic contexts using an interactive production task.Results:The results show that if a given location is realized as an accentual phrase boundary in an all-focus context, then it is realized as an intermediate phrase boundary when it coincides with the right edge of a narrow-focus constituent. A location that is an intermediate phrase boundary in an all-focus context, however, remains unchanged under narrow focus.Conclusion:These findings suggest that focus constituents are constrained to align with a minimum prosodic domain size in French (i.e., the intermediate phrase), and that French does not rely on a general strategy of prosodic enhancement for marking focus.
The Design Theory of Contemporary “Chinese” Fashion
Authors: Tsui Christine 
Published: July 2019

This paper examines the basic design theories underpinning contemporary Chinese fashion by exploring a fundamental question: are there any common features that can be summarized about Chinese fashion, and, if yes, what is Chinese fashion? Chinese fashion in this paper means clothing that is in “Chinese” style and designed by People's Republic of China (PRC) designers. To answer the specific question, I undertook in-depth interviews with selected Chinese designers and then supplemented these with a textual analysis of interviews published previously in prominent Chinese fashion journals. This study shows the Chinese style exhibiting features of “implied beauty” in aesthetic, flat form in shape, and harmony in spirit. I synthesize the three features into one Chinese character, HE. HE literally encompasses rich meanings: harmony, peace, implicit but evoking, reserved, pure, natural, and any synonyms of these words. The character indicates an implied beauty system of China—presenting the beauty in an implicit and subtle form. Implied beauty urges viewers to imagine the beauty that is between visibility and invisibility under the clothing, rather than to sense the beauty by directly seeing the body of the wearer through the eyes. The primary form in Chinese style clothing as a reflection of implied beauty is the flat form, meaning that the clothing is cut without any darts or seam lines to reduce the volume differences between the bust line, the waist line, and the hip line. The cutting hides body rather than reveals body. Finally, in spirit Chinese fashion reflects the core Chinese philosophy of harmony, which means being in tune with both the social and the natural environment.
Natural, Neutral, and Hedonic States in Plato
Authors: Cheng Wei 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis paper aims to clarify Plato’s notions of the natural and the neutral state in relation to hedonic properties. Contra two extreme trends among scholars—people either conflate one state with the other, or keep them apart as to establish an unsurmountable gap between both states, I argue that neither view accurately reflects Plato’s position because the natural state is real and can coincide with the neutral state in part, whereas the latter, as an umbrella term, can also be realized in a non-natural condition. The clarification of the relation between the two states will shed light on the degree to which Plato admits and constrains the hedonic value for a good human life; further, this will call attention to some (not well explored) parallel thoughts in the medical tradition to which Plato is indebted.
Hasan Al-Banna and the Modern Muslim Self: Subjectivity Formation and the Search for an Islamic Order in Early 20th-Century Egypt
Authors: Jung Dietrich , Zalaf Ahmed el 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe Muslim Brotherhood represents an exemplary case for the discussion of Islam and modernity. Founded in 1928 in Egypt by Hasan al-Banna, it developed from a religious movement into a well-organized institution and a cadre party with mass appeal. The Muslim Brotherhood assumed the role of a major social vehicle for the promotion of a specifically Islamic imagination of modernity and related forms of modern Muslim subjectivity. This article explores the ideas of Hasan al-Banna and their historical context from a distinct theoretical perspective. It poses questions with regard to ways in which he constructed an Islamic modern social order and meaningful Muslim selfhoods. Thereby, it understands the Muslim Brotherhood as an inherent part of the emergence of global modernity as “world history.”
Imitating Virtue
Authors: Hampson Margaret 
Published: July 2019

AbstractMoral virtue is, for Aristotle, famously acquired through the practice of virtuous actions. But how should we understand the activity of Aristotle’s moral learner, and how does her activity result in the acquisition of virtue? I argue that by understanding Aristotle’s learner as engaged in the emulative imitation of a virtuous agent, we can best account for her development. Such activity crucially involves the adoption of the virtuous agent’s perspective, from which I argue the learner is positioned so as to appreciate the value of virtuous action—its fineness—and what it would be to act finely herself.
Beloved Companion or Problem Animal
Authors: Iliopoulou Maria A. , Carleton Carla L. , Reese Laura A. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe term Pit bull is widely used. However, is it assigned a specific definition, or is it associated with overly inclusive and contradictory meanings? At the beginning of the 1900s, dogs identified as Pit bulls were known for their love of children. Media sensationalism has contributed to a shift in perceptions of Pit bulls from favorite companion animals to problem nonhuman animals. Thus, the process of constructing “problem animals” is examined. A qualitative study was conducted to explore what the term Pit bull represents for a sample of fifty-six adults. The data collection tool was the Personal Meaning Map. Respondents seemed to have vague and conflicting definitions of Pit bulls. For some, they are gentle companions, but for others they are gang-related status symbols. For some, Pit bulls represent one breed, whereas for others they represent many breeds. Finally, they were perceived to be both victims of cruelty and predators.
“Getting Rid of the Dog”: Adult Recall of a Childhood Experience
Authors: Edwards Mary E. , Gringart Eyal , Drake Deirdre 
Published: July 2019

AbstractDog relinquishment is common practice across Australia and in many other countries. The psychological impact of dog relinquishment is an under-researched area. While a few studies have shown that the dog relinquishment experience can be emotionally distressing and cognitively challenging for adults, nothing is known about the impact of the experience on children. This paper reports on the recollections of 10 adults, who in qualitative interviews in Western Australia, described their childhood experience of dog relinquishment. The findings suggest that children experiencing dog relinquishment feel powerless and voiceless, having no influence or say in what happens to their dogs. The experience can be cognitively and emotionally distressing, especially for children who are close to their dogs. Getting rid of a child’s loved dog can damage the parent-child relationship. In addition, the thoughts and feelings associated with losing their dogs in this way can remain long after the event.
Not Wild about Wildlife Protection? The Perceived Harmfulness, Wrongfulness, and Seriousness of Wildlife Crimes
Authors: Wagner Kenneth , Owen Stephen , Burke Tod W. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe purpose of this research was to explore the perceived harmfulness, wrongfulness, and seriousness of wildlife crimes, such as illegal or unlicensed hunting or fishing. Research questions included how offenses against wildlife are perceived, compared to offenses against persons and property, and how perceptions of harmfulness and wrongfulness impact perceptions of wildlife offense seriousness. A survey modeled after previous studies of crime seriousness was administered to a college student sample. The results showed that wildlife offenses were ranked as less serious, harmful, and wrong than those against persons and property, and also less than those against companion animals and animals on farms. Perceived wrongfulness and harmfulness were significant predictors of perceived seriousness of wildlife offenses, with wrongfulness being the stronger predictor. Results are contextualized within theoretical frameworks that offer insights as to why wildlife crime is not viewed as seriously as other offense types.
Insects as Food in Laos and Thailand
Authors: Müller Andrew 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Laos and Thailand show a decline of their diverse insect-eating traditions. Despite an urban “entomophagy” revival, respective rural practices are disappearing. In the context of a growing global interest in insects as food, this trend is being problematised as “Westernisation,” supposedly leading to food culture homogenisation. In this paper, I criticise that narrative as being over-simplified and eurocentric. In reporting qualitative empirical data, I argue that the current decline of insect-eating is rooted in local forms of “modernity,” rather than Western-dominated globalisation. In interpreting undeniable homogenisation tendencies, I also highlight the relevance of economically-driven processes, concluding that food culture transformation cannot be explained by one aspect or theory alone.
The Politics of Place-Making in the Records of Buddhist Monasteries in Luoyang
Authors: Luo Manling 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAlthough the Luoyang qielan ji (Records of Buddhist Monasteries in Luoyang, ca. 547 CE) by the Northern Wei official Yang Xuanzhi has received much critical attention, existing studies have tended to treat space as mere settings or a given reality. This essay examines an ignored but central issue in the memoir, Yang’s preoccupation with the power and limitations of individuals’ engagements with Luoyang’s space, or place-making. His representations of Northern Wei residents’ place-making activities shed light on his nuanced perceptions of the intersection among place, power, and human agency. The analysis also enables us to better understand the political implications of Yang’s textual reconstruction of Luoyang and the innovative nature of his work.
Phylogenetic relationships of Cacopaurus pestis Thorne, 1943 within representatives of the Tylenchulidae Skarbilovich, 1947 as inferred from ITS and D2-D3 expansion segments of 28S-rRNA sequences
Authors: Mokaram Hesar Abas , Karegar Akbar , Ghaderi Reza 
Published: July 2019

Summary
The Persian sessile nematode (Cacopaurus pestis) and pin nematodes (Paratylenchus spp.) are sedentary ectoparasitic nematodes associated with many plant species worldwide. In this study, we provide morphological and molecular characterisation of seven populations of C. pestis and eight species of Paratylenchus recovered from north-western Iran. A total of 26 new sequences of D2-D3 expansion segments of 28S rRNA and ITS rRNA were obtained and used to reconstruct phylogenetic trees. Results of phylogenetic analyses revealed that the subfamilies of Tylenchulidae form well-separated clades, but that the genera Cacopaurus and Paratylenchus (= Gracilacus) in the subfamily Paratylenchinae are clustered in one clade. It appears that the previously used character of “stylet length greater than 40 μm” is not homologous and evolved more than once within the Paratylenchinae.
A Prophetic Call to Repentance
Authors: Grey Jacqueline 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
There has been much debate in biblical scholarship over the alleged “rape” of Bathsheba by David as described in 2 Samuel 11–12. Scholars such as Bailey and Nichol claim that Bathsheba was a consenting partner, while others, including Davidson and Brueggemann, suggest she was a victim of David’s abuse of power. This analysis will explore 2 Samuel 11–12 with a special focus on the themes of power, honor, and shame that emerge in the pericope. These themes are also central to the overall narrative of Samuel. Using literary analysis, I highlight Bathsheba’s isolation and powerlessness as she is “taken” to King David by royal attendants after he has spied her bathing. Bathsheba’s lack of resistance is often compared to the rape of Tamar, which subsequently occurs in the vicinity of the palace in 2 Samuel 13. While Tamar objects to Amnon’s sexual advances in the narrative, Bathsheba does not voice an objection. It is primarily on the basis of her silence that scholars suggest she was a consensual partner. However, there are many differences between Tamar and Bathsheba. Tamar was a daughter of the king and could appeal to relatives in the palace to rescue her from rape. Bathsheba was alone with no one to rescue her. Her silence should not suggest complicity. This is reinforced by the prophetic condemnation by Nathan delivered to King David regarding his abuse of power. While not initially directly accusing the king, the prophet presents a judicial parable to trap the king into condemning himself. Yet, if King David is not corrupted by his power, why does the prophet Nathan need to use a rhetorical strategy to confront him? Convicted and guilty, David repents. The repentance for abuses of power and sexual sin by national leaders is emphasized and modeled by King David. This also provides a model of repentance for the pentecostal community for comparable abuses against victims of power and sexual sin.
A simple method for sexing live larvae of pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)
Authors: R.S. Ramya , M. Mohan , Joshi Sunil 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Lepidopteran adults can be sexed using different morphological characters because sexual dimorphism is prevalent in most species. But sometimes, necessity arises for the sexual differentiation of immature stages like larvae so that virgin females can be studied. Here, we present a straightforward, reliable, and non-invasive method that permits sexing of Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders, 1844) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) larvae during their fourth instar. Male P. gossypiella larvae are identified by their testes, which are visible through the dorsal integument of the abdominal segments. The testes are observed as two dark elliptical bodies, one on either side of the midline of the fifth abdominal segment in the fourth instar of P. gossypiella. Length and width of the individual testes was measured as 653.33 ± 5.68 and 484.89 ± 4.34 μm, respectively, in P. gossypiella. After separation of live male larvae by these characters, they were transferred into separate vials and emerged adults were identified to ascertain correct identification of the males. We observed that all the larvae with dark-coloured testes visible to the naked eye in their fifth abdominal segment during the fourth instar developed into male moths and all other larvae without this character developed into female moths. The visual sexing of male and female larvae of P. gossypiella could save time in separating the sexes to carry out studies on sex-specific responses, hybrid mating, and/or inheritance of insecticide resistance.
A phonetic description of Modern Hebrew consonants and vowels
Authors: Asherov Daniel , Cohen Evan-Gary 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
In this paper, we provide a detailed description of the phonetic inventory of Modern Hebrew. We systematically review the phonetic contrasts that distinguish among consonants and vowels, and highlight cases of inter-speaker variation. The contrasts are illustrated with data from an ultrasound tongue imaging study of a native speaker of Modern Hebrew. We provide tongue shape comparisons based on the ultrasound recordings, as well as present acoustic data in form of spectrograms and amplitudes. We also occasionally provide quantitative data from previous studies.
The phonetics of Modern Hebrew rhotics
Authors: Cohen Evan-Gary , Laks Lior , Savu Carmen 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This paper investigates manner variation of Israeli Hebrew rhotics with respect to two factors: prosodic position and speaker gender. An acoustic experimental study shows that although the Hebrew rhotic phoneme tends to be a dorsal approximant, it is significantly more likely to undergo fortition in onset position. This fortition is a result of target overshoot, the rhotic subsequently being produced with a greater degree of constriction than that which would have resulted in an approximant, subsequently surfacing as a stop, a fricative, a tap or a trill. Furthermore, in onset position, female speakers show more variation and produce fewer approximants than male speakers.