bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Virus-like Particles-Based Vaccine to Combat Neurodegenerative Diseases
Authors: Lim Luis Wei Cheng , Lee Jia Yee , Chen Ching Hsein , Voon Kenny Gah Leong , Koh Rhun Yian , Chye Soi Moi 
Published: October 2024

Abstract:
Neurodegenerative diseases are regarded as gradual, incurable conditions with an
insidious onset. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD) are two of the most
prevalent neurodegenerative diseases reported globally. Developing effective treatment strategies
for neurodegenerative diseases has remained a primary objective and a huge challenge for
researchers. The therapeutic medications that are now approved for the treatment of neurodegenerative
diseases merely treat the symptoms; the underlying pathology is not addressed.
Therefore, the emergence of novel disease-modifying therapeutic modalities such as immunotherapy
has opened a new path in developing effective treatments for neurogenerative diseases.
Compared to other types of subunit active vaccines, virus-like particles (VLPs) are considerably
more immunogenic as they present dense and repetitive viral antigen epitopes on their surface,
which can trigger both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses. They are also a much safer
option than the traditional inactivated and live-attenuated vaccines since they are devoid of
viral genomes and are, therefore, non-pathogenic and non-infectious. Researchers have turned
their attention to VLPs as an active immunotherapy candidate for AD due to the lessons learned
from the AN1792 trial. Studies have shown that they effectively induce anti-Aβ, anti-tau, and
anti-α-Synuclein antibodies while avoiding T-cell-related immune reactions in animal models of
AD and PD. This review compiles the findings of preclinical animal model studies and clinical
investigations on VLP-based vaccines for neurogenerative diseases thus far. The technical limitations
and potential difficulties associated with the future application of VLP-based vaccines in
patients with neurodegenerative diseases have also been covered.
Novel Driver Genes and Mutations in Lung Pecoma: A Case Report
Authors: Gerashchenko Tatiana Sergeevna , Davydova Ksenia Sergeevna , Korobeynikova Anastasia Alekseevna , Vorobev Rostislav Sergeevich , Fedorov Anton Andreevich , Topolnitsky Evgeny Bogdanovich , Shefer Nikolay Anatolievich , Vtorushin Sergey Vladimirovich , Denisov Evgeny Vladimirovich 
Published: October 2024

Introduction:
Perivascular epithelioid cell tumors (PEComa) are rare mesenchymal
neoplasms characterized by perivascular epithelioid cells. Despite their common occurrence in the
uterus, gastrointestinal tract, and retroperitoneum, this study presents an exceptional case of PEComa
identified in the lung, warranting unique molecular exploration.

Case Report:
A 50-year-old man was diagnosed with a 6 cm neoplasm in the lower lobe of the
right lung without enlarged lymph nodes during a routine examination. Thoracotomy, extended
lower bilobectomy, and D3 lymphadenectomy were performed. Histological and immunohistochemical
analysis diagnosed a PEComa. No conventional TSC1 and TSC2 mutations specific to
PEComa, which resulted in mTOR pathway activation, were detected by whole-exome sequencing.
In contrast, mutations were unveiled in the MTOR, EIF4EBP1, and PRAME genes that could
be an alternative mechanism governing mTOR activation.

Conclusion:
These findings provide novel insights into the molecular intricacies of lung PEComa,
showcasing the distinctive roles of MTOR, EIF4EBP1, and PRAME mutations.
A Review of the Medicinal Importance and Perspectives of the 2-isoxazoline Scaffold
Authors: Pathak Shilpi , Singh Pooja , Jadon Gaurav 
Published: October 2024

Abstract:
The 2-isoxazoline scaffold has emerged as a key structure in medicinal chemistry, with
great therapeutic potential for a wide range of biological targets. This review investigates the medicinal
value of the 2-isoxazoline scaffold, emphasizing its adaptability and usefulness in the development
of new medications. Isoxazoline has a wide range of biological actions, including antibacterial,
anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and anti-parasitic effects, which are due to their distinct
structural features and capacity to interact with a variety of biological processes. The synthesis,
functionalization, and pharmacological uses of isoxazoline derivatives are rigorously studied, yielding
information about their modes of action and therapeutic value. This review emphasizes the
promise of isoxazoline-based molecules in tackling current medical difficulties and lays the way for
future research in this vibrant field of medicinal chemistry.
Development and Characterization of Fast-dissolving Tablets to Enhance Bioavailability of BCS Class II Drugs by Solid Dispersion Method
Authors: Sathish Samathana Kanagaraj , Janakiraman Kunchithapadam , Muthumani Periyasamy 
Published: October 2024

Background:
Rapid tablet or capsule dissolution requires the tablet to disintegrate and
dissolve at a higher rate, enhancing drug dissolution and bioavailability. Suitable disintegrants
have shown an appreciable rate of disintegration or dissolution. Using factorial design for formulation
to improve bioavailability is a key focus in pharmaceutical research to enhance dissolution.

Methods:
Azelnidipine (Azp) tablets were formulated with Hydroxypropyl β-cyclodextrin
(HβCD), β-cyclodextrin (βCD), and Kolliphor HS15 (HS15) to enhance solubility. A 23 factorial
design optimized the formulation, focusing on disintegration time (DT) and time for 90%
dissolution (T90). Eight formulations (F1-F8) were prepared using the kneading method. Tablets
were evaluated for physical properties, drug content, friability, dissolution, and drugexcipient
interactions (FTIR and DSC). The optimal formulation (F9) was determined via desirability
analysis.

Results:
Tablets showed acceptable Carr's index (CI), Hausner ratio (HR), and Angle of Repose
(AR). Increasing βCD concentration decreased DT, enhancing water absorption and faster
dissolution. βCD tablets had the lowest DT among the formulations, with F4 showing the best
disintegration. Higher HS15 concentration also reduced DT, with F8 achieving the highest drug
release (T90%) within 60 minutes. R² values ranged from 0.922 to 0.994, indicating high predictability.
The optimal formulation had a desirability of 1.0, consisting of 3.523 mg HS15,
28.4 mg βCD, and 1.49 mg βCD, with a DT of 102 ± 1.13 seconds and 98% dissolution. FTIR
and DSC confirmed no drug–excipient interactions.

Conclusion:
Optimized super disintegrant concentrations and wet granulation techniques resulted
in tablets with strong mechanical properties, rapid disintegration, and consistent drug
content. Future research and in vivo studies should explore additional excipient combinations.
Current Nanotechnological Strategies for Delivery of Anti-Retroviral Drugs: Overview and Future Prospects
Authors: Taher Salam Shanta , Al-kinani Khalid Kadhem 
Published: October 2024

Abstract:
Globally, over forty million people are living with Human Immunodeficiency Viral
(HIV) infections. Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) consists of two or three Antiretroviral
(ARV) drugs and has been used for more than a decade to prolong the life of AIDS-diagnosed
patients. The persistent use of HAART is essential for effectively suppressing HIV replication.
Frequent use of multiple medications at relatively high dosages is a major reason for patient
noncompliance and an obstacle to achieving efficient pharmacological treatment. Despite
strict compliance with the HAART regimen, the eradication of HIV from the host remains unattainable.
Anatomical and Intracellular viral reservoirs are responsible for persistent infection. Elimination
of the virus from these reservoirs is critical for successful long-term therapy. Therefore, innovative
approaches are required to design safe and effective therapies. Nanotechnology has revolutionized
HIV drug delivery by addressing key challenges, including improving drug solubility,
targeting specific cells, extending drug release, protecting drugs from degradation, overcoming biological
barriers, enabling combination therapy, and enhancing vaccine delivery. Several nanocarrier
systems, such as dendrimers, nanoemulsions, liposomes, solid nanoparticles (SLNs), and
nanostructured lipid carriers, have been proposed to treat HIV infection. Additionally, nanosuspensions
of antiretroviral drugs offer promising strategies for improving treatment outcomes. While
these advancements have significantly improved HIV management strategies, challenges remain,
including unexpected toxicity, avoiding harmful biological interactions, and costs associated with
the large-scale production of nanopharmaceuticals.
Hybrid Feature Extraction for Breast Cancer Classification Using the Ensemble Residual VGG16 Deep Learning Model
Authors: Zhenfei Wang , Ali Muhammad Mumtaz , Sahibzada Kashif Iqbal , Maqsood Faiqa , Naveed Urr Rehman  , Aftab Muhammad , Zia Qasim , Weiyan Hou , Wei Dong-Qing 
Published: October 2024

Introduction:
Breast Cancer (BC) is a significant cause of high mortality amongst women
globally and probably will remain a disease posing challenges about its detectability. Advancements
in medical imaging technology have improved the accuracy and efficiency of breast cancer
classification. However, tumor features' complexity and imaging data variability still pose challenges.

Method:
This study proposes the Ensemble Residual-VGG-16 model as a novel combination of the
Deep Residual Network (DRN) and VGG-16 architecture. This model is purposely engineered with
maximal precision for the task of breast cancer diagnosis based on mammography images. We assessed
its performance by accuracy, recall, precision, and the F1-Score. All these metrics indicated
the high performance of this Residual-VGG-16 model. The diagnostic residual-VGG16 performed
exceptionally well with an accuracy of 99.6%, precision of 99.4%, recall of 99.7%, F1 score of
98.6%, and Mean Intersection over Union (MIoU) of 99.8% with MIAS datasets.

Result:
Similarly, the INBreast dataset achieved an accuracy of 93.8%, a precision of 94.2%, a recall
of 94.5%, and an F1-score of 93.4%.

Conclusion:
The proposed model is a significant advancement in breast cancer diagnosis, with high
accuracy and potential as an automated grading.
The impact of birth preparedness and complication readiness (BPCR) on maternal outcomes among postpartum mothers
Authors: Radicha Salsha Billah Putri , Kusumawardani Devi Arine 
Published: October 2024

<pre><strong><em>Background: </em></strong><em>Birth preparedness and complications readiness (BPCR) is a strategy to prevent three late causes of maternal death. Previous study results focused on BPCR intermediate outcomes, such as utilizing healthcare facilities during pregnancy and delivery,</em><em> rather than maternal outcomes like maternal near miss, morbidity, and mortality.</em><em></em></pre><pre><strong><em>Objectives:</em></strong><em> This study examined the correlation between BPCR practices and maternal outcomes among postpartum mothers</em><em></em></pre><pre><strong><em>Methods: </em></strong><em>This cross-sectional research was conducted on postpartum mothers in the working area of the Sumberbaru Primary Health Service, Jember Regency, which was carried out from April to June 2023. A total of 78 postpartum mothers were selected using simple random sampling. The interview instrument was adopted from the BPCR JHPIEGO questionnaire, and maternal outcome observations were made using the MCH book. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test to examine the relationship between BPCR and maternal outcome. The level of statistical significance was set to p-value &lt; 0.05</em><em></em></pre><p><strong><em>Results: </em></strong><em>The results of this study indicated that 69.2% of postpartum mothers had less prepared BPCR practices, and for most postpartum women, 55.1% recovered. There was a relationship between BPCR practices and maternal outcomes among postpartum mothers (p-value&lt;0.05). Postpartum mothers with well-prepared BPCR practices had a 3.48 times higher chance of experiencing a complete recovery in maternal outcomes than those with less prepared BPCR practices.</em></p><pre><strong><em>Conclusions: </em></strong><em>The practice of BPCR in postpartum mothers is in the poor category; most mothers' maternal outcomes are in the fully recovered category. BPCR is an essential factor influencing maternal outcomes, so increasing counseling for mothers and families regarding BPCR is necessary to ensure more optimal maternal outcomes.</em><em></em></pre><p><em> </em></p>
Comparison of cortisol, depression and stress hormone levels in primary dysmenorhore adolescents with the application of a combination of facial acupressure with classic music therapy
Authors: Anggraini Fitrya Ayu 
Published: October 2024

<p><strong>Background :</strong><em> Constant chronic dysmenorrhea pain, should be screened with a single morning serum cortisol concentration. Uncontrolled pain (acute and chronic) initially indicates high serum cortisol concentrations. Then, one of the factors that can influence pain during menstruation is stress. </em></p><p><strong>Objectives :</strong><em> This study aims to assess non-pharmacological interventions for facial acupressure (BL-2, Yin Tang, GV 23, GB 15, Tai Yang, GB 14, Ex Hn4, TE 23, Sang Ming , LI-20, Ex Hn 8, ST-3, Si 18, Du 26, REN 24, JiaCenjiang, SJ21, SJ17, GB-2) combined with Mozart classical music in reducing cortisol levels, depression and stress in dysmenorrhea primary. </em></p><p><strong>Methods:</strong><em> This is quantitative research with a quasi-experimental design. The research approach used is pre-post test design. In November 2021-January 2022 at Megarezky University Makassar. There were 42 Adolescents with Primary Dysmenorrhea for respondents to this research. The sample in this study was divided into three groups, namely an intervention group (combination of facial acupressure with classical music) and 2 control groups which were only given classical music and facial acupressure treatment. Data collected included depression and stress. In addition, cortisol levels were checked using an ELISA Kit. Then the data was analyzed using the Paired T-test, while to see the differences if it was normally distributed using the One Way Anova test and if it was not normally distributed using Kruskal-Wallis. </em></p><p><strong>Results:</strong><em> The results of the study found that there was a decrease in cortisol levels, depression and stress when given facial acupressure and classical music, but the reduction was more effective if a combination of facial acupressure and classical music.</em></p><p><em></em><strong>Conclusions:</strong><em> Among the variables of cortisol levels, depression and stress, the combination of facial acupressure and classical music was significantly more effective in improving stress than just giving facial acupressure and classical music. </em></p>
The influence of ANC cadre empowerment on ANC visits of pregnant women in Bengkulu City
Authors: Yuniarti Yuniarti , Yorita Epti , Widiyanti Desi , Destariyani Elvi 
Published: October 2024

<p><strong><em>Background:</em></strong> <em>Services during pregnancy are pregnancy health check-up services carried out by health workers, especially midwives or doctors for pregnant women which are carried out at least four times in pregnancy with details, namely one time gestational age 0-12 weeks, one time ANC gestational age 13-27 weeks and twice when the gestational age is 28-36 weeks. </em>Based on the profile of K1 and K4 visits from 20 Public Health Centers in Bengkulu City, there are 3 Public Health Centers with K1 and K4 visits which are still low and have not reached the set targets and there is still a drop out where there is a decrease between K1 and K4 visits.<em></em></p><p><strong><em>Objectives: </em></strong><em>The study aims to</em><em> k</em><em>nowing the influence of the empowerment of ANC </em><strong> </strong>the community health worker<em> on the visit of ANC Pregnant Women in Bengkulu City </em></p><p><strong><em>Methods: </em></strong><em>This research uses a quasi-experimental method. The samples taken for the study were all pregnant women in Bengkulu City who were selected by purposive sampling. The sample consisted of 2 groups, namely the experimental group on pregnant women with the empowerment of ANC the community health worker and the ontrol group with counseling totaling 40 people. Data collection is carried out through data collection sheets and analyzed data with univariate and bivariate Data analysis used bivariate</em><em> </em><em></em></p><p><strong><em>Results: </em></strong><em>The results of the study found that there was an Effect of Empowerment of ANC the community health worker on ANC visits to pregnant women in Bengkulu City in 2020</em><em></em></p><p><strong><em>Conclusions: </em></strong><em>The</em><em> results Thisstudy was used as an alternative recommendation for increasing ANC visits</em><em></em></p>
Evolution of the “Internet Plus Health Care” Mode Enabled by Artificial Intelligence: Development and Application of an Outpatient Triage System
Authors: Yang Lingrui , Pang Jiali , Zuo Song , Xu Jian , Jin Wei , Zuo Feng , Xue Kui , Xiao Zhongzhou , Peng Xinwei , Xu Jie , Zhang Xiaofan , Chen Ruiyao , Luo Shuqing , Zhang Shaoting , Sun Xin 
Published: October 2024

Background
Although new technologies have increased the efficiency and convenience of medical care, patients still struggle to identify specialized outpatient departments in Chinese tertiary hospitals due to a lack of medical knowledge.

Objective
The objective of our study was to develop a precise and subdividable outpatient triage system to improve the experiences and convenience of patient care.

Methods
We collected 395,790 electronic medical records (EMRs) and 500 medical dialogue groups. The EMRs were divided into 3 data sets to design and train the triage model (n=387,876, 98%) and test (n=3957, 1%) and validate (n=3957, 1%) it. The triage system was altered based on the current BERT (Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers) framework and evaluated by recommendation accuracies in Xinhua Hospital using the cancellation rates in 2021 and 2022, from October 29 to December 5. Finally, a prospective observational study containing 306 samples was conducted to compare the system’s performance with that of triage nurses, which was evaluated by calculating precision, accuracy, recall of the top 3 recommended departments (recall@3), and time consumption.

Results
With 3957 (1%) records each, the testing and validation data sets achieved an accuracy of 0.8945 and 0.8941, respectively. Implemented in Xinhua Hospital, our triage system could accurately recommend 79 subspecialty departments and reduce the number of registration cancellations from 16,037 (3.83%) of the total 418,714 to 15,338 (3.53%) of the total 434200 (P<.05). In comparison to the triage system, the performance of the triage nurses was more accurate (0.9803 vs 0.9153) and precise (0.9213 vs 0.9049) since the system could identify subspecialty departments, whereas triage nurses or even general physicians can only recommend main departments. In addition, our triage system significantly outperformed triage nurses in recall@3 (0.6230 vs 0.5266; P<.001) and time consumption (10.11 vs 14.33 seconds; P<.001).

Conclusions
The triage system demonstrates high accuracy in outpatient triage of all departments and excels in subspecialty department recommendations, which could decrease the cancellation rate and time consumption. It also improves the efficiency and convenience of clinical care to fulfill better the usage of medical resources, expand hospital effectiveness, and improve patient satisfaction in Chinese tertiary hospitals.
Differences in Messenger RNA Expression of Fibulin-1, Elastin, Matrix Metalloproteinase-1, Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor, and α-Smooth Muscle Actin Between the Ventral and Dorsal Tunica Dartos in Patients With Hypospadias and Chordee: Protocol for a Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Pitoyo Joko , Alvarino  , Darwin Eryati , Yanwirasti  
Published: October 2024

Background
Hypospadias is a common congenital anomaly characterized by the displacement of the urethral opening to the ventral side of the penis. Surgical correction is often necessary for functional and psychological reasons. The etiology involves genetic and environmental factors, and chordee, a downward curvature of the penis, is a common complication. Proteins such as fibulin-1, elastin, matrix metalloproteinase-1, basic fibroblast growth factor, and α-smooth muscle actin play roles in hypospadias development.

Objective
The study’s aim is to investigate the differences in messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of fibulin-1, elastin, matrix metalloproteinase-1, basic fibroblast growth factor, and α-smooth muscle actin between the ventral and dorsal tunica dartos in patients with hypospadias and chordee.

Methods
This prospective cohort study aims to investigate differences in mRNA expression of the abovementioned proteins between the ventral and dorsal tunica dartos in patients with hypospadias and chordee. Ethics approval has been obtained, and consent from parents will be obtained before data collection. Eligible participants are aged 6-18 months, diagnosed with hypospadias and chordee, and planned for urethroplasty. Tissue samples will be collected from both aspects of the tunica dartos and analyzed using real-time quantitative reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction. Data analysis will involve statistical tests and normalization of housekeeping genes.

Results
This study is at the protocol development stage. A pilot study regarding its feasibility has been ongoing as of August 2023. The study results are expected to be available by the end of 2024.

Conclusions
The study of mRNA expressions of various proteins in the tunica dartos of patients with hypospadias and chordee is expected to improve the understanding and expand the knowledge of the pathophysiology of hypospadias and chordee.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/52282