bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Uptake of prostate-specific membrane antigen-targeted 18F-DCFPyL in avascular necrosis of the femoral head
Authors: Torga Gonzalo , Yin Yafu , Pomper Martin G. , Pienta Kenneth J. , Gorin Michael A. , Rowe Steven P. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIn recent years, the emergence of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeted positron-emission tomography (PET) imaging has brought about a paradigm shift in the way that prostate cancer (PCa) is imaged in many parts of the world. Although PSMA-targeted PET imaging has been demonstrated to be a highly sensitive and specific imaging modality for the identification of sites of PCa, its clinical utility hinges on the ability of imaging specialists and their clinical colleagues to recognize potential false-positive sources of uptake and to tailor therapy based on that recognition. In this manuscript, we report the case of a 74-year-old male with a history of recurrent PCa who was referred for a restaging PSMA-targeted 18F-DCFPyL PET/computed tomography (PET/CT). PET images demonstrated low level but focal and definitive uptake in the left femoral head. This uptake corresponded to sclerotic changes on CT whose morphology was most compatible with avascular necrosis without femoral head collapse. In the presented case, the integrated assessment of the CT imaging together with the PET findings was fundamental to avoid misinterpretation of the left femur finding as metastatic disease, which would have ultimately altered the clinical management of the patient.
Initial experience of Ga-68 prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography/computed tomography imaging in evaluation of biochemical recurrence in prostate cancer patients
Authors: Natarajan Aravintho , Agrawal Archi , Murthy Vedang , Bakshi Ganesh , Joshi Amit , Purandare Nilendu , Shah Sneha , Puranik Ameya , Rangarajan Venkatesh 
Published: April 2019

AbstractGallium-68 labeled prostate-specific membrane antigen (Ga-68 PSMA) ligand (HBED-CC) is a novel tracer used for prostate cancer imaging. The aim of the study was to investigate the performance of Ga-68 PSMA positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in patients with biochemical recurrence (BCR) after definitive treatment. Scans of 96 consecutive patients were analyzed. Sixty-two patients received external beam radiotherapy, 34 underwent radical prostatectomy (RP), and 20 patients were on androgen deprivation therapy. Patients with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level ≥>0.2 ng/mL following RP and PSA rise by 2 ng/mL or more above the nadir PSA following RT (Phoenix criteria) was considered as BCR, respectively. All patients underwent contrast-enhanced PET/CT after injection of 67–111 MBq Ga-68 PSMA ligand. Detection rates were correlated with serum PSA level. Detection rate for nodal metastases was compared with CT. Results of the scan were validated by using either biopsy or follow-up imaging or clinical follow-up. Seventy-four (77%) patients showed abnormal finding in Ga-68 PSMA PET/CT. The median serum PSA level of the population was 5.5 ng/ml (range 0.2–123 ng/ml). The median PSA of the positive scans was higher than that of the negative scans (6 vs. 1.7 ng/ml) and was statistically significant (P = 0.001 by Mann–Whitney U-test). In post-RP group, the detection rates were 23%, 50%, and 82% for PSA <1, 1–2, and >2 ng/ml, respectively. For post-RT, the detection was 86%, 85%, and 95% for PSA 2–5, 5.1–10, and >10 ng/ml, respectively. PSMA PET/CT revealed nodal metastases in 52 (54%) patients while CT showed pathological nodes only in 27 (28%) patients. Overall PSMA PET/CT revealed more number of nodes than CT (111 vs. 48 nodal station). PSMA PET/CT showed relapse in prostate/prostatic bed in 26 (27%) patients, nodal metastases in 50 (52%), skeletal metastases in 20 (21%), and other sites in 4 (4%) patients. Ga-68 PSMA PET/CT has high detection rate for localizing the site of recurrence in patients with biochemical failure and is superior to CT scan in the detection of nodal disease.
Evaluation of left ventricular mechanical dyssynchrony with phase analysis in end-stage renal disease patients with normal gated SPECT-MPI
Authors: Malik Dharmender , Mittal Bhagwant , Sood Ashwani , Sharma Ashish , Parmar Madan , Kaur Komalpreet , Bahl Ajay 
Published: April 2019

AbstractPhase analysis using gated single-photon emission computed tomography myocardial perfusion imaging (SPECT-MPI) is a relatively new tool for the assessment of ventricular synchrony. Hypertension, diabetes, renal diseases, and dyslipidemia may affect the phase parameters though their impact is not well understood. The present study aimed to evaluate the incidence of the left ventricular mechanical dyssynchrony (LVMD) in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients with normal gated SPECT-MPI and QRS duration (<120 ms) on electrocardiogram. Data of 129 patients (86 males) referred for gated SPECT-MPI for their pretransplant evaluation with normal gated stress SPECT-MPI (SSS <3 and ejection fraction ≥50%) were included in the study analysis. Documented clinical history along with confounding factors such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, and alcoholism were evaluated. Left ventricle functional (end-diastolic, end-systolic, and LV myocardial volume) and phase parameters (phase standard deviation [PSD], phase bandwidth [PBW] and entropy) were calculated using the QPS-QGS program. LVMD was noted in 36 (28%) of ESRD patients with normal QRS duration and gated SPECT-MPI. The mean attenuated corrected LV myocardial volume, ejection fraction, mean PSD, and PBW values were 84.3 ± 38.1 ml, 65.3 ± 13.5%, 9.8° ± 3.9°, and 61.4° ± 24.7°, respectively. The LV myocardial volume shows statistically significant correlation with the phase parameters (r = 0.31–0.47; P < 0.001). LVMD is present in a significant number of ESRD patients, and its extent is more with increase in LV myocardial volume. It may have an additional role in risk-stratification for cardiovascular disease in ESRD patients.
Visual versus semiquantitative analysis of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography brain images in patients with dementia
Authors: Sarikaya Ismet , Kamel Walaa , Ateyah Khattab , Essa Nooraessa , AlTailji Samira , Sarikaya Ali 
Published: April 2019

AbstractVarious studies have reported to the superiority of semiquantitative (SQ) analysis over visual analysis in detecting metabolic changes in the brain. In this study, we aimed to determine the limitations of SQ analysis programs and the current status of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography (PET) scan in dementia. 18F-FDG-PET/computed tomography (CT) brain images of 39 patients with a history of dementia were analyzed both visually and semiquantitatively. Using the visually markedly abnormal 18F-FDG-PET images as standard, we wanted to test the accuracy of two commercially available SQ analysis programs. SQ analysis results were classified as matching, partially matching and nonmatching with visually markedly abnormal studies. On visual analysis, 18F-FDG-PET showed marked regional hypometabolism in 19 patients, mild abnormalities in 8 and was normal in 12 patients. SQ analysis-1 results matched with visual analysis in 8 patients (42.1%) and partially matched in 11. SQ analysis-2 findings matched with visual analysis in 11 patients (57.8%) and partially matched in 7 and did not match in 1. Marked regional hypometabolism was either on the left side of the brain or was more significant on the left than the right in 63% of patients. Preservation of metabolism in sensorimotor cortex was seen in various dementia subtypes. Reviewing images in color scale and maximum intensity projection (MIP) image was helpful in demonstrating and displaying regional abnormalities, respectively. SQ analysis provides less accurate results as compared to visual analysis by experts. Due to suboptimal image registration and selection of brain areas, SQ analysis provides inaccurate results, particularly in small areas and areas in close proximity. Image registration and selection of areas with SQ programs should be checked carefully before reporting the results.
Gallium-68 prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography/computed tomography compared with diagnostic computed tomography in relapsed prostate cancer
Authors: Asokendaran Marcus Edward , Meyrick Danielle P. , Skelly Laura A. , Lenzo Nat P. , Henderson Andrew 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate if prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) has a higher detection rate compared to standard contrast CT imaging for patients with a rising prostate-specific antigen (PSA) following definitive treatment (i.e., curative radical prostatectomy, radiotherapy, and brachytherapy) for prostate cancer in a private hospital setting. A retrospective single-site clinical audit was conducted on 150 PSMA PET/CT scans done for patients with a rising PSA after definitive treatment for prostate cancer. All studies were performed using I and T Ga-68 PSMA produced on a Scintomics radiopharmaceutical unit (Munich). All scans were performed on a GE 710 PET/CT scanner. All studies were compared to standard CT and other imaging. Of the 150 patients who had a 68Gallium (Ga)-PSMA PET/CT for a rise in their PSA levels, 102/150 (68%) of patients had PSMA-avid scans compared to the conventional imaging group which had an overall detection rate of 42% (63/150). The rates of detection were 100%, 90%, 92%, 67%, and 25% at PSA levels of >10 μg/L, 5–10 μg/L, >1.5 μg/L, 0.5–1.5 μg/L, and <0.5 μg/L, respectively. PSMA PET/CT also solely picked up 39/102 (38%) of prostate cancer relapses compared to the conventional imaging group. In our study of 150 patients with biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer, 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT demonstrated a superior detection rate (P < 0.05) compared to conventional imaging, including patients with low PSA levels (<0.5 μg/L).
Incidental breast lesion detected by technetium-99m sestamibi scintigraphy in a patient with primary hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Saowapa Sakditad , Chamroonrat Wichana , Suvikapakornkul Ronnarat , Sriphrapradang Chutintorn 
Published: April 2019

AbstractNuclear scintigraphy is functional imaging and can be combined with anatomical imaging to improve diagnostic yield. Detection of parathyroid lesion by technetium-99m methoxyisobutylisonitrile (Tc-99m MIBI) can facilitate an appropriate operative approach in a patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. Tc-99m MIBI is concentrated in highly cellular or metabolically active tissues, which have abundant mitochondria. False-positive scintigraphic findings could be from head-and-neck carcinomas, thyroid neoplasm, and multinodular goiter. In addition, multiple organs outside of the neck region, such as lung and breast, can take up the Tc-99m MIBI. Herein, we report the occurrence of abnormal focal uptake in the breast region during the preoperative localization of parathyroid adenoma and later discovered breast carcinoma.
Infliximab-induced hot kidneys on bone scintigraphy
Authors: Cayir Derya , Bozkurt Mehmet , Filik Mustafa , Gultekin Salih Sinan 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
99mTechnetium-methylene diphosphonate bone scintigraphy is widely used in various clinical settings to detect bone abnormalities. Many reasons may cause abnormal tracer uptake in soft tissues on bone scintigraphy. Here, we present a 70-year-old man diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis receiving chimeric anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) therapy (infliximab). In order to evaluate the bone involvement of rheumatic disease, the patient underwent a whole-body bone scan that revealed left side dominant diffuse uptake in both kidneys defined as the “hot kidneys.” Since the patient had no other identifiable reason, anti-TNF-α therapy might be responsible for the “hot kidneys” on bone scan. Thus, therapy regiment of the patient changed from the chimeric anti-TNF-α to a human monoclonal TNF inhibitor (golimumab). After 6 months of the change of the therapy, the bone scintigraphy was repeated and revealed that the previous “hot kidneys” finding had disappeared.
Head-to-head comparison of [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose and [18F]-fluorocholine positron emission tomography/computed tomography in three patients with rare gestational trophoblastic neoplasms: A case series
Authors: Thientunyakit Tanyaluck , Thongpraparn Thonnapong , Siriprapa Tossaporn , Gelovani Juri G. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractWe report the efficacy of dual positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging with [18F]-2'-fluoro-2'-deoxy-D-glucose ([18F]-FDG) and [18F]-fluorocholine ([18F]-FCH) in patients with gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) for primary diagnosis and staging of this rare pregnancy-related disorder. Whole-body PET/CT with [18F]-FDG and [18F]-FCH was performed in three patients with GTN in 2 consecutive days. Each detectable lesion was characterized by visual and quantitative analyses. As compared to CT alone, PET/CT with [18F]-FDG and [18F]-FCH PET/CT revealed more hypermetabolic metastatic lesions in the body, but not in the brain. The standard uptake value of [18F]-FDG was generally higher than [18F]-FCH in all detectable tumor lesions. In conclusion, both [18F]-FDG and [18F]-FCH PET/CT can be used for diagnosis and staging for GTN, based on their sensitivity for small extracerebral metastatic lesions. Additional studies are warranted to determine whether the PET/CT imaging with [18F]-FDG and [18F]-FCH can serve as a biomarker of GTN aggressiveness, for prediction of treatment response.
Reactive changes with microfilaria in a suspected metastatic axillary lymph node on positron emission tomography–computed tomography in breast malignancy: An interesting finding
Authors: Anand Anuja , Tyagi Aarti , Jain Shubham , Dougall Pankaj 
Published: April 2019

AbstractPositron emission tomography–computed tomography (PET-CT) has evolved as an important diagnostic tool in the diagnosis and management of breast carcinoma. PET/CT can help in staging as well as detecting metastases to mediastinal, axillary, and internal mammary nodes. However, PET-CT is not useful in differentiating between inflammation and malignancy.
DEK overexpression is predictive of poor prognosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Yi Huochun , Duan Hongbing , Shi Wensheng , Liu Zhengjin , Liu Yali 
Published: April 2019

IntroductionThe DEK gene encodes a nuclear phosphoprotein which is involved in multiple cell metabolic processes, such as DNA damage repair, mRNA splicing, modifying chromatin structure and transcription regulation. DEK has been shown to be overexpressed in various solid human tumors and associated with patient prognosis. In this study, our aim was to investigate DEK protein expression and its relationship with clinicopathological parameters and prognosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).Material and methodsTissue samples were collected from 120 routinely diagnosed ESCC patients who underwent surgical resection at the Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University in the period from June 2011 to May 2013. The expression of DEK was determined by immunohistochemistry.ResultsDEK protein was ubiquitously distributed in the nucleus of ESCC cells, and its positive rate (71.7%) was significantly higher in cancer samples than those of para-carcinoma (21.4%) or normal esophageal (13.9%) tissues (p < 0.001). Similarly, significantly more cells overexpressing DEK were found in ESCC tissues (57.5%) in comparison with para-carcinoma samples (11.4%) and normal esophageal mucosa (0%, p < 0.001). The DEK overexpression rate was significantly different between patients with different tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stages and differentiation degrees (p < 0.001). ESCC cases with elevated DEK amounts showed reduced disease-free and 5-year survival rates compared with those expressing low DEK amounts (p < 0.001). DEK overexpression was also confirmed to independently predict prognosis in ESCC (HR = 4.121, 95% CI: 1.803–9.42, p = 0.001).ConclusionsDEK expression is positively correlated with reduced survival in ESCC patients. DEK has potential to be an independent biomarker in predicting prognosis of ESCC patients.
The effects of Mobilization and Stimulation of Neuromuscular Tissue on the hemiplegic upper limb: a case report
Authors: Athanasiadis Dimitrios , Protopsaltis Stylianos , Stefas Eleftherios 
Published: April 2019

IntroductionMobilization and Stimulation of Neuromuscular Tissue (MaSoNT) is a newly-invented technique that aims to trigger functional recovery in stroke patients. This is the first study that applies an intervention with MaSoNT in a patient’s hemiplegic hand. The purpose was to investigate the effects of a MaSoNT intervention and to prove the safety of the technique.MethodsA case study is provided. The patient was a male stroke survivor, aged 71, who underwent a cerebrovascular accident a week before the intervention. He presented zero voluntary movement in the hemiplegic arm and some sensory impairment. The patient had had neither pain nor spasticity before the intervention. The intervention was standard upper limb therapy performed twice per week and MaSoNT application for 15 minutes, 5 times per week. The total duration of the intervention was 3 weeks. The following measurement tools were used: Modified Ashworth Scale, Motricity Index Arm Score, Motor Assessment Scale items 6, 7, and 8, Thumb Localization Test, Nottingham Sensory Assessment.ResultsThe patient demonstrated both motor and sensory improvements by the end of the experiment. Pain and spasticity remained absent.ConclusionsThe study possibly proves that MaSoNT is a safe technique to apply in a hemiplegic hand. Moreover, it could lead to functional recovery, although further research is mandated.
Effect of myofascial release on electrophysiological and clinical measures of pregnant women with carpal tunnel syndrome
Authors: Hamoda Reham E. , Osman Doaa A. , Hamada Hamada Ahmed , Radwan Rafik , Yousef Amel M. , Samea Gehan A. Abdel , Gharib Hassan O. 
Published: April 2019

IntroductionTo explore the effect of myofascial release on electrophysiological and clinical measures of pregnant women with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS).MethodsRandomized controlled trial. Overall, 30 pregnant women with CTS, aged 25–35 years, were randomized into 2 equal groups. The control group only wore a neutral wrist splint during sleeping for 4 weeks, while the study group received a myofascial release in addition to wearing a neutral wrist splint during sleeping for 4 weeks. All pregnant women in both groups were evaluated pre- and post-treatment with median nerve distal motor latency and Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire to assess pain, numbness, and tingling sensation severity, as well as hand function.ResultsComparing both groups post-treatment revealed that there was a statistically highly significant decrease in median nerve distal motor latency, pain intensity, numbness, and tingling sensation severity, as well as in weakness and difficulty in grasping severity (<i>p</i> < 0.001) in favour of the study group.ConclusionsMyofascial release is an effective method for improving electrophysiological and clinical measures of pregnant women with CTS.
Comparison of balance in seated and non-seated employees of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
Authors: Jabarifard Fatemeh , Samani Mahbobeh , Ghafarinejad Farahnaz , Pirouzi Soraya , Rasouli Javad 
Published: April 2019

IntroductionDevelopments in modern technology in occupational settings have resulted in prolonged sitting at the workplace. Prolonged sedentarism may cause musculoskeletal complications and impaired balance. The present study aimed to evaluate balance in employees working in a seated position for more than half of their working day compared with employees working in a non-seated position.MethodsOverall, 100 employees entered the study and were divided into the seated (<i>n</i> = 50) and non-seated (<i>n</i> = 50) groups. The star excursion balance test was used to measure dynamic balance in the lower extremities. Independent t-tests were applied for between-group comparisons.ResultsThe star excursion balance test scores were significantly lower in the seated position group compared with the non-seated position group.ConclusionsWe conclude that dynamic stability is lower in employees working in a seated position compared with their non-seated counterparts.
A meandering polar jet caused the development of a Saharan cyclone and the transport of dust toward Greenland
Authors: Francis Diana , Eayrs Clare , Chaboureau Jean-Pierre , Mote Thomas , Holland David M. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract. In this study, we identify a new mechanism by which dust aerosols travel
over long distances across the eastern side of the North Atlantic Ocean
toward the Arctic. The meandering polar jet was at the origin of both dust
emission through cyclogenesis over Northwest Africa and poleward transport
of the uplifted dust towards the Arctic, through cut-off circulation. The
dust emission was associated with an intense Saharan cyclone that formed
over Northwest Africa in early April 2011. The formation of the cyclone was
caused by the intrusion into subtropics, of a high-latitude-upper-level
trough, linked to the meandering polar jet. The trough initiated
cyclogenesis over Northwest Africa after orographic blocking by the
Anti-Atlas Mountains. The still meandering polar jet led to the formation of
a cut-off low further south with which the Saharan dust-cyclone merged 2 d later and moved northward with the main stream. Beside satellite
observations, a simulation at high resolution was performed using the
prognostic-dust permitting model MesoNH. The total dust load carried during
this event to areas located north of 40∘ N was estimated by the model to be
38 Tg and dust deposition was estimated to be 1.3 Tg. The Saharan dust
reaching Greenland was accompanied by warm and moist air masses that caused
a rise in surface temperature of about 10 ∘C for more than 3 consecutive days
over the southeastern Greenland. Ice melt over this area of Greenland was
detected in the brightness temperature observations.
The International Association of Geodesy: from an ideal sphere to an irregular body subjected to global change
Authors: Drewes Hermann , Ádám József 
Published: April 2019

Abstract. The history of geodesy can be traced back to Thales of Miletus (∼600 BC), who developed the concept of geometry, i.e. the measurement of the Earth. Eratosthenes (276–195 BC) recognized the Earth as a sphere and determined its radius. In the 18th century, Isaac Newton postulated an ellipsoidal figure due to the Earth's rotation, and the French Academy of Sciences organized two expeditions to Lapland and the Viceroyalty of Peru to determine the different curvatures of the Earth at the pole and the Equator. The Prussian General Johann Jacob Baeyer (1794–1885) initiated the international arc measurement to observe the irregular figure of the Earth given by an equipotential surface of the gravity field. This led to the foundation of the International Geodetic Association, which was transferred in 1919 to the Section of Geodesy of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics. This paper presents the activities from 1919 to 2019, characterized by a continuous broadening from geometric to gravimetric observations, from exclusive solid Earth parameters to atmospheric and hydrospheric effects, and from static to dynamic models. At present, we identify geodesy as the discipline of quantifying global change by geodetic measurements.