bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fungi from Soomaa National Park: rarities and species new for Estonia
Authors: Põldmaa Kadri , Spirin Viacheslav , Miettinen Otto , Runnel Kadri , Savchenko Anton , Pärtel Kadri , Kõljalg Urmas 
Published: October 2019

To commemorate the internationally renowned mycologist and founder of the mycological research group in Estonia, the late Prof. Erast Parmasto on his 90th anniversary, a mycological foray was conducted at Soomaa National Park, Estonia, in September 2018. Among the 232 fungi recorded, 18 represented species new to Estonia. We present an annotated list of these as well as other species that are rare, nationally protected, and/or threatened at the local, regional or global scale.

Soomaa rahvuspargi seened: haruldused ja uued liigid Eestile
Tähistamaks Erast Parmasto, rahvusvaheliselt tunnustatud mükoloogi ja Tartu mükoloogia töörühma rajaja, 90. sünniaastapäeva, korraldati septembris 2018 seeneretk Soomaa rahvusparki. 232 registreeritud seene hulgas on 18 liigi esmasleiud Eestist. Lisaks neile esitatakse artiklis nimekiri liikidest, mis on haruldased ja/või ohustatud Eestis, Põhjamaades või kogu maailma ulatuses.
Tooth autotransplantation part 3: surgical planning and technique
Authors: Nazzal Hani , Barber Sophy , Jawad Zynab , Houghton Nadine , Duggal Monty 
Published: October 2019

The practical aspects of pre-operative assessment and surgical procedure for autotransplantation are discussed in this part of the series. The success of tooth transplantation is dependent on case selection, careful planning and a surgical procedure that maintains viable periodontal ligament cells and intact cementum of the transplanted teeth. A thorough assessment of the donor tooth and recipient site is vital for successful planning and execution of tooth autotransplantation. The surgical procedure involves atraumatic extraction of the donor tooth, socket preparation and splinting of the transplanted tooth. Post-surgical procedures include monitoring of pulp and periodontal healing and restorative camouflage of the donor tooth. CPD/Clinical Relevance: Surgical planning and procedures are vital to the success of autotransplantation. Orthodontists should be aware of these factors and bear them in mind when preparing patients for autotransplantation to optimize surgical success.
How to design and set up a clinical trial part 2: protocols and approvals
Authors: Atwal Amarpreet , Benson Philip E 
Published: October 2019

Data from clinical trials involving human participants are essential in establishing an evidence base about the safety and effectiveness of our treatments. This second article describes the steps involved in designing and setting up a clinical trial, from writing a protocol to gaining the necessary approvals. Acquiring some knowledge about how to set up a clinical trial will allow the conscientious clinician to use the most relevant information to provide the highest possible standards of clinical care for his/her patients. CPD/Clinical Relevance: Even if a clinician is not, has never been, nor is ever planning to be involved in research, he/she should understand and be able to interpret the data from clinical trials.
Lingual orthodontics with customized functional appliance
Authors: Premkumar Sridhar , Peter Varun 
Published: October 2019

Every treatment technique in the orthodontic specialty has its own set of advantages. Combining the techniques in an effective manner could result in a synergistic effect. Two such techniques are lingual orthodontics and functional orthopaedic appliances. This case report shows the effective and efficient use of a customized functional appliance, along with lingual orthodontics, in the management of Class II division 1 malocclusion. It emphasizes the importance of combining the benefits of different strategies of orthodontic treatment. CPD/Clinical Relevance: The use of a customized functional appliance along with lingual orthodontics can produce desirable changes in Class II division 1 cases and clinicians should be aware of these advantages.
Induction of periosteal bone formation by intraosseous BMP-2 injection in a mouse model of osteogenesis imperfecta
Authors: Cheng T. L. , Cantrill L. C. , Schindeler A. , Little D. G. 
Published: October 2019

Purpose Surgical interventions are routinely performed on children with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) to stabilize long bones, often post fracture. We speculated that a combination of intramedullary reaming and intraosseous injection of recombinant bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) could enhance periosteal ossification and ultimately cortical thickness and strength. This approach was conceptually tested in a preclinical model of genetic bone fragility. Methods Six experimental groups were tested including no treatment, intramedullary reaming, and reaming with 5 µg BMP-2 injection performed in the tibiae of both wild type (WT) and Col1a2 G610C/+ (OI, Amish mutation) mice. Bone formation was examined at a two-week time point in ex vivo specimens by micro-computed tomography (microCT) analysis and histomorphometry with a dynamic bone label. Results MicroCT data illustrated increases in tibial cortical thickness with intramedullary reaming alone (Saline) and reaming plus BMP-2 injection (BMP-2) compared to no intervention controls. In the OI mice, the periosteal bone increase was not statistically significant with Saline but there was an increase of +192% (p = 0.053) with BMP-2 injection. Dynamic histomorphometry on calcein label was used to quantify new woven bone formation; while BMP-2 induced greater bone formation than Saline, the anabolic response was blunted overall in the OI groups. Conclusions These data indicate that targeting the intramedullary compartment via reaming and intraosseous BMP-2 delivery can lead to gains in cortical bone parameters. It is suggested that the next step is to validate safety and functional improvements in a clinical OI setting.
Is Dyssynergic Defecation an Unrecognized Cause of Chronic Constipation in Patients Using Opioids?
Authors: Nojkov Borko , Baker Jason , Menees Stacy , Watts Lydia , Collins Kristen , Armstrong Moira , Thibault Mackenzie , Harer Kimberly , Lee Allen , Eswaran Shanti , Saad Richard , Chey William D. 
Published: October 2019

OBJECTIVES:
The impact of opioids on anorectal function is poorly understood but potentially relevant to the pathogenesis of opioid-induced constipation (OIC). To evaluate anorectal function testing (AFT) characteristics, symptom burden, and quality of life in chronically constipated patients prescribed an opioid (OIC) in comparison with constipated patients who are not on an opioid (NOIC).

METHODS:
Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data on 3,452 (OIC = 588 and NOIC = 2,864) chronically constipated patients (Rome 3) who completed AFT. AFT variables included anal sphincter pressure and response during simulated defecation, balloon expulsion test (BET), and rectal sensation. Dyssynergic defecation (DD) was defined as an inability to relax the anal sphincter during simulated defecation and an abnormal BET. Patients completed Patient Assessment of Constipation Symptoms (PAC-SYM) and Patient Assessment of Constipation Quality of Life (PAC-QOL) questionnaires.

RESULTS:
The mean age of the study cohort was 49 years. Most patients were women (82%) and whites (83%). Patients with OIC were older than NOIC patients (50.7 vs 48.3, P = 0.001). OIC patients were significantly more likely to have DD (28.6% vs 21.4%, P < 0.001), an abnormal simulated defecation response on anorectal manometry (59% vs 43.8%, P < 0.001), and an abnormal BET (48% vs 42.5%, P = 0.02) than NOIC patients. OIC patients reported more severe constipation symptoms (P < 0.02) and worse quality of life (P < 0.05) than NOIC patients.

DISCUSSION:
Chronically constipated patients who use opioids are more likely to have DD and more severe constipation symptoms than NOIC.
The use of X-ray fluorescence determination of the concentration of intrathyroid iodine in thyroidology
Authors: Tomashevsky I. O. , Sazonova S. N. , Tomashevsky D. I. , Mazurina N. V. 
Published: October 2019

The results of 7-year utilization of a Russian analyzer for noninvasive x-ray fluorescent measurement of intrathyroid stable iodine for diagnosis and monitoring the treatment efficiency in patients with thyroid diseases are analyzed. A total of 400 adults (130 men and 270 women) aged 20-50years and 67children (12 boys and 55 girls) aged 5-16 years with various thyroid diseases were examined. Control group consisted of 60 women and 30 men without thyroid diseases (according to clinical and laboratory studies). Ultrasonography and scintigraphy of the thyroid, measurements of the blood pituitary thyrotropic hormone, thyroid hormones, antibodies to thyroglobulin and thyroid peroxidase, cytological and h istological studies, and a new method for thyroid iodine measurements were used.
The results indicate the need in a new diagnostic method based on analysis of intrathyroid iodine. Such a method is needed for 1) prophylactic screening of population, including children, pregnant and nursing women in order to detect (with an accuracy of 7095%) subjects with suspected autoimmune thyroid diseases; 2) accurate evaluation of the degree of thyroid involvement in autoimmune thyroiditis and identification of the pathogenesis of hypothyrosis or thyrotoxicosis; 3) monitoring the efficiency of treatment with iodides, thyroxin, and their combinations and for thyroid function recovery after mercazolil therapy of diffuse thyroid goiter; and 4) differential diagnosis of benign and malignant thyroid diseases.
Study on the synthesis of hexene-1 catalyzed by Ziegler-Natta catalyst and polyhexene-1 applications
Authors: Yan Yibin , Wang Dengfei , He Shuyan , Ren Hegang , Xu Yongjun 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis paper presents the synthesis of two aminosilane-based external donors for the Ziegler-Natta catalysis: di(piperidyl) dimethoxysilane (DPPDMS) and dipyrrolyldimethoxysilane (DPRDMS). We compared the electron donation by these two compounds in the MgCl2- supported Ziegler-Natta catalysis of the polymerization of hexene-1 into a polyhexene-1 (PHe) elastomer with that of the common donor cyclohexylmethyldimethoxysilane (CHMMS). The catalytic activity of the system and isotacticity of the polymer (PHe) product improved significantly because of the considerable steric hindrance and strong electronic effects of these aminosilane-based external donors. The effects of different external donors on the catalytic efficiency, polymer isotacticity, molecular weight and molecular weight distribution of the PHe products were investigated. Under the best reaction conditions, the catalyst activity, polymer molecular weight, and glass-transition temperature were determined as 899 g/g Cat·h-1, MW = 252,300 g/mol, and -41.39°C, respectively. The PHe was characterized by FTIR and NMR. This report also describes blending of PHe and low density polyethylene that leads to a significant increase in the impact strength and elongation at breaks.
Fabrication and characterization of conductive microcapsule containing phase change material
Authors: Yun Hao-Ran , Li Chun-Lei , Zhang Xing-Xiang 
Published: October 2019

AbstractMicroencapsulated phase change materials (MicroPCMs) were fabricated using n-octadecane as PCM and melamine-formaldehyde as shell via in situ polymerization. They were coated with polypyrrole (PPy) to fabricate conductive microcapsules. The structure, morphology, thermal properties and the electrical conductivity of the microcapsules were characterized using the scanning electron microscope (SEM), the Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), the thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and the standard four-probe method. The results show that, n-octadecane is well encapsulated in rough and compact spherical composites. The melting and freezing the composites latent heats are 90.2 and 92.0 J/g, respectively, while the mass percentage of the n-octadecane in the composites is 49.7%. The melting and crystallizing peak temperature of PPy/MicroPCMs is 24.6°C and 17.9°C, respectively. The addition of PPy improves the thermal stability of the composites. The conductivity of the PPy/MicroP-CMs increases from 0.1 S‧cm–1 to 0.33 S‧cm–1 as the PPy concentration increases from 3 to 10 wt%.
Previsit Screening for Parental Vaccine Hesitancy: A Cluster Randomized Trial
Authors: Opel Douglas J. , Henrikson Nora , Lepere Katherine , Hawkes Rene , Zhou Chuan , Dunn John , Taylor James A. 
Published: October 2019

OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate the effect of vaccine hesitancy screening on childhood vaccine uptake.

METHODS:
We conducted a cluster randomized controlled trial in pediatric primary care clinics in Washington state. Vaccine-hesitant parents (VHPs) with a healthy newborn receiving health supervision at participating clinics were eligible. VHPs were identified by using a 4-item version of the validated Parent Attitudes About Childhood Vaccines Survey (PACV). Before their child’s 2- and 6-month health supervision visits, VHPs at intervention clinics completed the 15-item PACV embedded in a survey containing placebo items. Intervention providers received a summary of parents’ 15-item PACV responses and interpretation of their PACV score; discretion was given to providers regarding how they acted on this information. VHPs at control clinics completed only the placebo survey items, and their child’s provider received a summary of their responses; control providers remained blinded to parent VHP status. Our outcome was child immunization status at 8 months of age expressed as percent of days underimmunized. We compared outcomes in control and intervention participants using t test and linear mixed-effects regression.

RESULTS:
We enrolled 24 clinics (12 in each arm) and 156 parents (65 in the intervention arm). Parent characteristics were similar across arms except more intervention (versus control) parents had a first-born child (60.9% vs 44%; P = .04). No significant difference in outcome was detected between arms (25.2% [95% confidence interval: 16.0% to 34.5%] vs 19.1% [95% confidence interval: 12.0% to 26.3%] mean days underimmunized in the intervention and control arms, respectively).

CONCLUSION:
Vaccine hesitancy screening was not significantly associated with days underimmunized.
Acute Flaccid Myelitis in the United States: 2015–2017
Authors: Ayers Tracy , Lopez Adriana , Lee Adria , Kambhampati Anita , Nix W. Allan , Henderson Elizabeth , Rogers Shannon , Weldon William C. , Oberste M. Steven , Sejvar James , Hopkins Sarah E. , Pallansch Mark A. , Routh Janell A. , Patel Manisha 
Published: October 2019

BACKGROUND:
Acute flaccid myelitis (AFM) is a neurologic condition characterized by flaccid limb weakness. After a large number of reports of AFM in 2014, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention began standardized surveillance in the United States to characterize the disease burden and explore potential etiologies and epidemiologic associations.

METHODS:
Persons meeting the clinical case criteria of acute flaccid limb weakness from January 1, 2015, through December 31, 2017, were classified as confirmed (spinal cord gray matter lesions on MRI) or probable (white blood cell count &gt;5 cells per mm3 in cerebrospinal fluid [CSF]). We describe clinical, radiologic, laboratory, and epidemiologic findings of pediatric patients (age ≤21 years) confirmed with AFM.

RESULTS:
Of 305 children reported from 43 states, 193 were confirmed and 25 were probable. Of confirmed patients, 61% were male, with a median age of 6 years (range: 3 months to 21 years; interquartile range: 3 to 10 years). An antecedent respiratory or febrile illness was reported in 79% with a median of 5 days (interquartile range: 2 to 7 days) before limb weakness. Among 153 sterile-site specimens (CSF and serum) submitted to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, coxsackievirus A16 was detected in CSF and serum of one case patient and enterovirus D68 was detected in serum of another. Of 167 nonsterile site (respiratory and stool) specimens, 28% tested positive for enterovirus or rhinovirus.

CONCLUSIONS:
AFM surveillance data suggest a viral etiology, including enteroviruses. Further study is ongoing to better characterize the etiology, pathogenesis, and risk factors of this rare condition.
Real-World Adherence in Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Treated with Trifluridine plus Tipiracil or Regorafenib
Authors: Patel Anuj K. , Barghout Victoria , Yenikomshian Mihran A. , Germain Guillaume , Jacques Philippe , Laliberté François , Duh Mei S. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
Trifluridine and tipiracil (FTD + TPI) and regorafenib (REG) are approved treatments for the treatment of refractory metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). This study assesses adherence and duration of therapy with FTD + TPI versus REG and explores the effect of sequencing on adherence.

Materials and Methods
Adults diagnosed with mCRC were identified in the IQVIA Real-World Data Adjudicated Claims: U.S. database (October 2014–July 2017). The observation period spanned from the index date (first dispensing of FTD + TPI or REG) to the earliest of a switch to another mCRC agent, the end of continuous enrollment, or the end of data availability. Medication possession ratio (MPR), proportion of days covered (PDC), and persistence and time to discontinuation (gap ≥45 days) were compared between FTD + TPI and REG users and among switchers (FTD + TPI-to-REG vs. REG-to-FTD + TPI).

Results
A total of 469 FTD + TPI and 311 REG users were identified. FTD + TPI users had higher compliance with an MPR ≥80% (odds ratio [OR], 2.47; p &lt; .001) and PDC ≥80% (OR, 2.77; p &lt; .001). FTD + TPI users had better persistence (82.8% vs. 68.0%; p &lt; .001) and lower risk of discontinuation (hazard ratio [HR], 0.76; p = .006). Among switchers (96 FTD + TPI-to-REG; 83 REG-to-FTD + TPI), those switching from FTD + TPI to REG were more likely to have an MPR ≥80% (OR, 2.91; p &lt; .001) and PDC ≥80% (OR, 4.60; p &lt; .001) compared with REG-to-FTD + TPI switchers while treated with these drugs. Additionally, FTD + TPI-to-REG switchers had a lower risk of first treatment discontinuation (HR, 0.66; p = .009).

Conclusion
FTD + TPI users had significantly higher adherence and persistence, and patients who were treated with FTD + TPI before switching to REG also had higher adherence and persistence outcomes.
Case report: catamenial pneumothorax
Authors: Zhenhui Lee Shawn , Tousif Syed Mohammed , Kumar Pranav 
Published: October 2019

Primary spontaneous pneumothorax is defined as the presence of air in the pleural space with no precipitating cause and is four times less likely to occur in women than in men1,2. Common causes for spontaneous pneumothorax in females include: interstitial pneumonia, primary lung cancer and lung metastasis, and asthma3. An uncommon cause for secondary spontaneous pneumothorax is catamenial pneumothorax, which is associated with thoracic endometriosis. The word “catamenial” is derived from the greek word “katamenios” meaning monthly recurrence.4 Catamenial pneumothorax refers to recurrent spontaneous pneumothorax during menstruation in the absence of concomitant respiratory disease5.
Association of Variants in the Podocin, Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4 and Serologically Defined Colon Cancer Antigen 8 Genes with Hypertension-Attributed Chronic Kidney Disease and Their Interaction with Apolipoprotein L1
Authors: Nqebelele Nolubabalo U , Dickens Caroline , Dix-Peek Therese , Duarte Raquel , Naicker Saraladevi 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background: Genome-wide association studies conducted in African Americans with non-diabetic nephropathy identified single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs16854341 in podocin (NPHS2) as the most significant SNP to interact with apolipoprotein L1 (APOL1) gene. In replication studies, SNPs in NPHS2, bone morphogenic protein 4 (BMP4) and serologically defined colon cancer antigen 8 (SDCCAG8) were found to significantly interact with APOL1.

Objective: We determined the association of polymorphisms in NPHS2, BMP4 and SDCCAG8 gene with hypertension-attributed chronic kidney disease (CKD) and their interaction with APOL1 risk variants.

Methods: A total of 181 participants were recruited. After genomic DNA extractions from whole blood, SNPs in NPSH2 (rs16854341), SDCCAG8 (rs2802723) and BMP4 (rs8014363) were genotyped using TaqMan® SNP assays.

Results: We found no association between the risk of kidney disease and rs16854341 (1.25 (95% confidence interval CI [0.59–2.68]); p = 0.558) and rs8013363 (0.96 (95% CI [0.48–1.92]); p = 0.901). There was a trend for an increased risk of kidney disease in those who had two APOL1 risk variants and were major allele homozygotes at rs16854341 (4.78 (95% CI [0.87–26.31]); p = 0.072, adjusted) and at rs8014363 (5.16 (95% CI [0.92–29.87]); p = 0.062, adjusted).

Conclusion: We found no associations of the polymorphisms in the NPHS2, and BMP4 gene with markers of kidney disease in patients with hypertension-attributed CKD. However, in the presence of two APOL1 risk variants, major allele homozygotes had a trend towards an increased risk of kidney disease. Future studies with larger samples are required to further characterize the interactions of these genes with APOL1.
UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN BEBERAPA EKSTRAK ALGA COKLAT Sargassum polycystum DAN Turbinaria deccurens ASAL PULAU DUTUNGAN SULAWESI SELATAN TERHADAP RADIKAL DPPH
Authors: Sami Fitriyanti Jumaetri , Soekamto Nunuk Hariani , Firdaus Firdaus , Latip Jalifah 
Published: October 2019

This study used S. polycystum and T. deccurens were extracted with various solvents (n-hexane, ethyl acetate and ethanol) to determine phytochemical screening and antioxidant activities. Extraction of samples by maceration method, antioxidant activity assay using the immersion method of DPPH (1,1-Diphenyl-2-picryl Hidrazil) measured absorption at a wavelength of 515 nm and compared with the control of antioxidant vitamin C. The results showed that antioxidant activity of the methanol, ethyl acetate, n-hexane extract of S. polycystum have low antioxidant activity with the value IC50 340,06, 180,54, and 502,25 mg/mL. Methanol, ethyl acetate, n-hexane extracts of T. deccurens have low antioxidant activity with value IC50 491,02, 411,80, and 502,7 mg/mL. This potential is lower than vitamin C IC50 value of 1,72 mg/mL.
CORRELATION BETWEEN EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND PROBLEM SOLVING SKILL OF HEALTH STUDENTS OF FACULTY OF MEDICINE UNIVERSITAS HASANUDDIN
Authors: Hasnah Hasnah , Hendra Desy Ana , Hapsah Hapsah 
Published: October 2019

Background: High demands in all conditions require proffesional health workers. In dealing with patients, health workers need high emotional intelligence and problem solving skills that are qualified to deal with various problems. Objective: To analyze correlation between emotional intelligence with problem solving skill of health student of Faculty of Medicine Universitas Hasanuddin. Method: This quantitative research was conducted in August-September 2017, using observational study design with cross sectional analytic approach. Population in this research is health students Faculty of Medicine Universitas Hasanuddin who forced in 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016 (N=1995). Sampling technique using cluster random sampling (n=333). The data were analyzed with Spearman’s Rho test. Results: More than half of respondents had a low emotional intelligence (58.3%) and medium level of problem solving skill (51,4%). Correlation coefficient both of them is weak (r=0,222; p value = 0.000 <0,05). Conclusion: There is a weak correlation between emotional intelligence with problem solving skill of health student of Faculty of Medicine Hasanuddin University. The higher the emotional intelligence of the student, the higher the level of problem solving skill.