bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
La FP dual desde la perspectiva del profesorado: elementos que condicionan su implementación en los centros
Authors: Pineda-Herrero Pilar , Ciraso-Calí Anna , Arnau-Sabatés Laura 
Published: November 2018

El sistema de formación profesional dual (FPD) es actualmente uno de los más valorados a nivel internacional y se está extendiendo a muchos países como una medida para mejorar la formación de los jóvenes, reducir las tasas de desempleo juvenil y ajustar la formación al mundo laboral.Tras el comienzo de la implementación en España en 2013, los datos disponibles muestran un incremento progresivo de la participación de alumnado, centros y empresas. Sin embargo, es necesario analizar la percepción acerca de los agentes clave, como el profesorado, sobre los elementos que facilitan o que dificultan el desarrollo del sistema; éste es el objetivo de este estudio.Se administró un cuestionario diseñado ad hoc a una muestra representativa de centros formativos (equipos directivos, tutores y coordinadores) de cinco Comunidades Autónomas.Los resultados ponen de manifiesto algunos elementos positivos, como la decisión de realizar FPD por consenso y la motivación del alumnado. Sin embargo, otros resultados evidencian dificultades por parte de los centros a la hora de adaptarse a la implementación de la FPD: carencias formativas del profesorado acerca de la FDP, insuficiencia de recursos, falta de reconocimiento de la función que desempeña el profesorado y la falta de tiempo de los tutores de centro. Los análisis indican que los centros públicos expresan más dificultades; y que el profesorado en los centros donde ya se está implementando la FPD percibe unas condiciones más favorables, identificando menos barreras, respecto a los que todavía no han empezado la implementación. El estudio pone las bases para futuras investigaciones más específicas sobre estos factores clave de implementación y sobre su relación con los resultados de aprendizaje en el alumnado.
À vos marques, prêts1, partez !
Authors: Raynauld Vincent 
Published: November 2018

À la suite de la tenue de l’atelier intitulé « Qu’arrive-t-il après le doctorat ? Défis, pratiques et stratégies pour affronter l’“après-thèse” » qui a été organisé par la professeure Sule Tomkinson dans le cadre du 55e Congrès de la Société québécoise de science politique et 7e Congrès international des associations francophones de science politique, cet article s’intéresse aux défis et aux possibilités qui se présentent pour un grand nombre de doctorants désireux de décrocher un poste de professeur menant à la permanence et entreprendre une carrière dans le monde universitaire. De manière plus spécifique, cet article propose une série de stratégies permettant aux candidats à un poste de professeur menant à la permanence de mieux se positionner dans le cadre de leurs études doctorales et de leur recherche d’emploi.
Filipino Nurses Competencies and Their Perspective on Asean Integration
Authors: Balawag Mary Jane , Cayena Maria Hazel , Dela Torre Bai Katherine T. , Hermoso Girlie , Uson Judelyn T. 
Published: November 2018

The study intends to determine the level of competencies (knowledge, skills, & attitude) based on the Philippine Nursing core competency standards and nurse's perspective on Asean integration to match with their competencies and determine their readiness towards the alliance. A descriptive quantitative design was used. The Survey questionnaire was conducted among nurses (112) working in the government hospital in Region XII such as Cotabato City, General Santos City, Kidapawan City, and Koronadal City. Focus group discussion and key informant interview were utilized. Findings revealed that nurses have the high knowledge, very competent, and moderately favorable attitude towards their role in client care, leadership and management, and research. Common themes emerged are, a. Clueless about Asean integration; b. Filipinos are globally competent. Nurses do not have an idea of the Asean integration. But they were not threatened because they considered themselves globally competent. Despite the information dissemination of the government regarding Asean Integration, this significant information did not reach the nurses working in the clinical area. Nurses have a different understanding of the Asean integration phenomenon because of the degree of exposure. However, competency wise, Filipino nurse believed they could keep up with the demands made by the integration.
Marcos na exibição de filmes no Brasil
Authors: Simis Anita 
Published: November 2018

Este trabalho trata da exibição cinematográfica no Brasil no marco teórico da Economia Política do Cinema, procurando analisar as transformações ocorridas no sistema exibição das salas de cinema no Brasil, estabelecendo marcos em que encontramos episódios descontínuos e heterogêneos em si mesmos, ou seja, os pontos de inflexão e as linhas de continuidade. Procura, particularmente, verificar transformações no âmbito mercantil da exibição e apresenta quatro marcos decisivos.
A temática se refere à exibição por considerá-la hoje o eixo central na política cultural para uma difusão democrática do cinema, levando em conta a questão da diversidade, especialmente da exibição do cinema brasileiro.
Preparation of Bulk and Textured Superconductors
Authors: Werfel Frank N. 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

The preparation and production of bulk High – Temperature Superconductors (HTS) since the discovery is analysed and reported in their development and progress. For the three material groups REBCO (RE: Y, Sm, Gd, Nd, …), BiSCCO (Bi2122, Bi2223), and MgB
2
the processing routes are described and evaluated. While BiSCCO compounds play an important role in the conductor development the REBCO melt texture processes provide large crystalline bulks for magnetic application.

Top‐ seed melt growth (TSMG) fabrication methods dominate the bulk production by using single or multiple seeds to prevent unwanted parasitic multi‐ crystalline nucleation. Large single grain bulk fabrication of 50–100 mm requires exact precursor phase preparation of RE123 and RE211 and a temperature/ oxygen‐controlled furnace process. Multiple seeding of large plane bulks, rings and cylinders improves the magnetic properties and ensures an optimum geometry for application. Doping strategy of REBCO bulks is reviewed and the mechanical limitations of REBCO bulks under high trapped field values above 5 Tesla explained.
Bulk HTS are characterized by measurements of the critical current density and the maximum magnetic trapped flux density. Physical properties of bulk HTS are given and the magnetic performance of the different REBCO materials (RE= Y, Sm, Nd, Gd) compared in view of applicability.
Chirality‐Based Biosensors
Authors: Ma Wei , Xu Liguang , Wang Libing , Xu Chuanlai , Kuang Hua 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe fabrication of chiral nanostructures gives rise to characteristic chiroptical activity, which can be used for chirality‐based biosensors. Great progress is made in the use of nanoassemblies for the construction of chiral nanoparticle dimers, pyramids, helices, and twisted structures, and their chiroptical activities correlate with diverse structural geometries and enantiomeric configurations. In DNA‐hybridization‐based chiral nanoassemblies, the assembly parameters, such as the components, gaps, multicomponents, and the aftergrowth of metal, can result in multiple bands and enhanced chiroptical effects. Based on known chiral nanostructures, the existing chiral nanoassembly‐based biosensors together with their targets and signal amplification strategies are reviewed. Chirality involves multiple signals, and multitarget biosensors are introduced with newly developed chiral architectures for the accurate and reliable monitoring of biomarkers in living cells. The interactions between chiral nanoarchitectures and biosystems are also highlighted, which are important not only in the chiral dynamic switching of nano‐objects for biomonitoring, but also in manipulating cell growth, proliferation, and adhesion. The future perspectives on chiral fabrication and its use in biosensors are also comprehensively discussed.
Position‐Sensitive Array Photodetector Based on Comb‐Like CdS Nanostructure with Cone‐Shape Branches
Authors: Hao Yan , Guo Shuai , Weller Dieter , Zhang Min , Ding Chunjie , Chai Ke , Xie Lingling , Liu Ruibin 
Published: November 2018

Abstract2D microscale position‐sensitive detectors (PSDs) are highly desirable with the degree of integration increase and the size reduction of nanodevices, which are still unavailable. Multichannel devices with outstanding photoelectric properties attract considerable interest as powerful building blocks to be applied in on‐chip systems. Here, based on a highly ordered comb‐like CdS nanowire array with cone‐shape branches through a one‐step synthesis strategy, a high‐resolution 2D position‐sensitive photodetector is realized through variable resistance in different transportation routes and variable optical responses at different parts of the cone‐shape branches, which enable accurate position identification of incident light in various zones of nanowire arrays according to photocurrent changes. In a broadband from 310 to 560 nm, the PSD exhibits high sensitivity with 85 and 58 KΩ µm−1 in the trunk and branch part, respectively, and an ultrafast optical response shorter than tens of millisecond. Moreover, a lower conductivity change rate per unit temperature of the PSD (1.625 × 10−9 A V−1 K−1) than that of commercial Si‐based PSDs (≈6.67 × 10−7 A V−1 K−1) reveals outstanding low‐temperature performance. Finally, the multichannel nanostructure based PSD with nanoscale resolution is applied to high‐accuracy quadrant photodetectors.
Revealing the Impact of F4‐TCNQ as Additive on Morphology and Performance of High‐Efficiency Nonfullerene Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Xiong Yuan , Ye Long , Gadisa Abay , Zhang Qianqian , Rech Jeromy James , You Wei , Ade Harald 
Published: November 2018

AbstractFluorinated molecule 2,3,5,6‐tetrafluoro‐7,7,8,8‐tetracyanoquinodimethane (F4‐TCNQ) and its derivatives have been used in polymer:fullerene solar cells primarily as a dopant to optimize the electrical properties and device performance. However, the underlying mechanism and generality of how F4‐TCNQ affects device operation and possibly the morphology is poorly understood, particularly for emerging nonfullerene organic solar cells. In this work, the influence of F4‐TCNQ on the blend film morphology and photovoltaic performance of nonfullerene solar cells processed by a single halogen‐free solvent is systematically investigated using a set of morphological and electrical characterizations. In solar cells with a high‐performance polymer:small molecule blend FTAZ:IT‐M, F4‐TCNQ has a negligibly small effect on the molecular packing and surface characteristics, while it clearly affects the electronic properties and mean‐square composition variation of the bulk. In comparison to the control devices with an average power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 11.8%, inclusion of a trace amount of F4‐TCNQ in the active layer has improved device fill factor and current density, which has resulted into a PCE of 12.4%. Further increase in F4‐TCNQ content degrades device performance. This investigation aims at delineating the precise role of F4‐TCNQ in nonfullerene bulk heterojunction films, and thereby establishing a facile approach to fabricate highly optimized nonfullerene solar cells.
Screening Approach for the Discovery of New Hybrid Perovskites with Efficient Photoemission
Authors: Brochard‐Garnier Stanislas , Paris Michael , Génois Romain , Han Quanxiang , Liu Yang , Massuyeau Florian , Gautier Romain 
Published: November 2018

AbstractOwing to quantum confinement, low‐dimensional hybrid perovskite materials have recently shown a great potential for applications in optoelectronics. Such compounds can exhibit broad‐ or narrow‐band light emission, low‐temperature solution processability, high thermal stability, and relatively high photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQY). However, the search for efficient phosphors with a specific set of characteristics remains difficult because the family of hybrid perovskites consists in an extremely large chemical system (i.e., different halides, metals, and organic molecules), and optical properties are not predictable prior to material synthesis and characterization. Here, is proposed a simple approach to screen a significant amount of new hybrid lead halide perovskites. The synthetic method by fast crystallization at low temperature enables the rapid identification of the materials exhibiting the targeted photoluminescence properties. This approach is tested for the discovery of hybrid lead halide perovskites with efficient white‐light emission. Among 100 newly synthesized compounds, 5 exhibit intense white emission, and the in‐depth characterization of a selected candidate shows high color rendering index (CRI) = 78 and a PLQY of 9%, which is equivalent to the record reported for hybrid perovskites. This compound exhibits a new structure type for warm white‐light emitting hybrid perovskites with chains of corner‐sharing PbX6.
The Energy–Momentum Tensor of Gravitational Waves, Wyman Spacetime, and Freely Falling Observers
Authors: Formiga Jansen B. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractA good definition for the energy–momentum tensor of gravity (EMTG) in general relativity (GR) is a hard, if not impossible, task. On the other hand, in its teleparallel version, known as the teleparallel equivalent of general relativity (TEGR), the EMTG can be defined in a very satisfactory way. Here, it is proved that the EMTG of TEGR for linearized gravitational waves (GWs) is the same as the version of GR that is usually given in the literature. In addition, the exact version of the EMTG for a ‐wave with a + polarization is obtained in a freely falling frame (FFF). Unlike the previous case, the energy density can be either positive or negative, depending on the details of the wave. The gravitational energy density for the Wyman spacetimes is obtained both in a static frame and in an FFF. It turns out that observers in free fall can measure the effects of gravity.
Exploration of Interfacial Porphine Coupling Schemes and Hybrid Systems by Bond‐Resolved Scanning Probe Microscopy
Authors: Bischoff Felix , He Yuanqin , Riss Alexander , Seufert Knud , Auwärter Willi , Barth Johannes V. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe templated synthesis of porphyrin‐based oligomers and heterosystems is of considerable interest for materials with tunable electronic gaps, photovoltaics, or sensing device elements. In this work, temperature‐induced dehydrogenative coupling between unsubstituted free‐base porphine units and their attachment to graphene nanoribbons on a well‐defined Ag(111) support are scrutinized by bond‐resolved scanning probe microscopy techniques. The detailed inspection of covalently fused porphine dimers obtained by in vacuo on‐surface synthesis clearly reveals atomistic details of coupling motifs, whereby also putative reaction intermediates are identified. Moreover, the covalent attachment of porphines at preferred locations of atomically precise armchair‐type graphene nanoribbons is demonstrated.
Design, Synthesis and Characterization of Covalent KDM5 Inhibitors
Authors: Vazquez‐Rodriguez Saleta , Wright Miranda , Rogers Catherine M. , Cribbs Adam P. , Velupillai Srikannathasan , Philpott Martin , Lee Henry , Dunford James E. , Huber Kilian V. M. , Robers Matthew B. , Vasta James D. , Thezenas Marie‐Laetitia , Bonham Sarah , Kessler Benedikt , Bennett James , Fedorov Oleg , Raynaud Florence , Donovan Adam , Blagg Julian , Bavetsias Vassilios , Oppermann Udo , Bountra Chas , Kawamura Akane , Brennan Paul E. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractHistone lysine demethylases (KDMs) are involved in the dynamic regulation of gene expression and they play a critical role in several biological processes. Achieving selectivity over the different KDMs has been a major challenge for KDM inhibitor development. Here we report potent and selective KDM5 covalent inhibitors designed to target cysteine residues only present in the KDM5 sub‐family. The covalent binding to the targeted proteins was confirmed by MS and time‐dependent inhibition. Additional competition assays show that compounds were non 2‐OG competitive. Target engagement and ChIP‐seq analysis showed that the compounds inhibited the KDM5 members in cells at nano‐ to micromolar levels and induce a global increase of the H3K4me3 mark at transcriptional start sites.
Funktionelle polymere Materialien auf der Basis von Hauptgruppen‐Elementen
Authors: Vidal Fernando , Jäkle Frieder 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIn den letzten zehn Jahren wurden enorme Fortschritte bei der Synthese von Polymeren erzielt, die Hauptgruppen‐Elemente enthalten und über die typischen organischen Polymere hinausgehen. Einzigartige Eigenschaften, die sich aus drastischen Unterschieden in Bindung und molekularer Geometrie, elektronischer Struktur und chemischer Reaktivität ergeben, werden in den unterschiedlichsten Anwendungsbereichen genutzt. In dem Aufsatz werden die jüngsten Fortschritte bei Polymeren mit anorganischem Rückgrat hervorgehoben, es wird diskutiert, wie die Lewis‐Säure/Base‐Funktionalisierung von Polymeren zu beispielloser Reaktivität führt, und es werden konjugierte Hybride mit spezifischen elektronischen Strukturen für die Sensorik sowie Anwendungen in Organische‐Elektronik‐Geräten vorgestellt.
Eine verzweigte Diterpenkaskade: der Mechanismus der Spinodien‐Synthase aus Saccharopolyspora spinosa
Authors: Rinkel Jan , Lauterbach Lukas , Dickschat Jeroen S. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractEine Diterpensynthase aus Saccharopolyspora spinosa konvertierte Geranylgeranyldiphosphat in die neuen Naturstoffe Spinodien A und B, begleitet von 2,7,18‐Dolabellatrien. Die Strukturen und die Bildungsmechanismen der Enzymprodukte wurden mithilfe von Isotopenmarkierungsexperimenten studiert, wodurch ein ungewöhnlicher verzweigter Isomerisierungsmechanismus zu dem neutralen Intermediat 2,7,18‐Dolabellatrien aufgedeckt wurde. Durch eine Diels‐Alder‐Reaktion wurde das Diterpen‐Hauptprodukt mit seiner seltenen konjugierten Dien‐Einheit in formale Sesterterpenalkohole überführt.
Die SF5‐Gruppe zugänglicher gemacht: Eine gasfreie Synthese von Aryl‐Tetrafluor‐λ6‐Sulfanyl‐Chloriden
Authors: Pitts Cody Ross , Bornemann Dustin , Liebing Phil , Santschi Nico , Togni Antonio 
Published: November 2018

AbstractModerne Pentafluorosulfanyl(SF5)‐Chemie hat eine entscheidende Schwachstelle: synthetische Zugänglichkeit. In dieser Arbeit präsentieren wir die erste Methode für die Herstellung von Aryl‐SF4Cl‐Verbindungen (Schlüsselintermediate für die Aryl‐SF5‐Synthese), die durch Einsatz von einfach zu handhabender Trichlorisocyanursäure, Kaliumfluorid und katalytischer Mengen an Säure, ohne die Verwendung von gefährlichen Fluorierungsmitteln und oder Gasen als Reaktanden, auskommt. Diese simplen, milden Bedingungen erlauben den direkten Zugang zu Aryl‐SF4Cl‐Intermediaten die mit bisherigen Methoden entweder noch nicht synthetisiert wurden oder nicht synthetisiert werden konnten. Des Weiteren eröffnet diese Methode den Zugang zu Aryl‐SF3‐ und Aryl‐SeF3‐Verbindungen, was die Anwendung dieser Chemie über die Grenzen der SF5‐Funktionalisierung hinaus erweitert und somit eine Lösung zum komplexen Problem der oxidativen Fluorierung anbietet.
Functional Polymeric Materials Based on Main‐Group Elements
Authors: Vidal Fernando , Jäkle Frieder 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe past decade has witnessed tremendous advances in the synthesis of polymers that contain elements from the main groups beyond those found in typical organic polymers. Unique properties that arise from dramatic differences in bonding and molecular geometry, electronic structure, and chemical reactivity, are exploited in diverse application fields. Herein we highlight recent advances in inorganic backbone polymers, discuss how Lewis acid/base functionalization of polymers results in unprecedented reactivity, and survey conjugated hybrids with unique electronic structures for sensor and device applications.
Helical Multi‐Coordination Anion‐Binding Catalysts for the Highly Enantioselective Dearomatization of Pyrylium Derivatives
Authors: Fischer Theresa , Bamberger Julia , Gómez‐Martínez Melania , Piekarski Dariusz G. , García Mancheño Olga 
Published: November 2018

AbstractA general and highly enantioselective synthesis of oxygen heterocycles from readily available in situ generated pyrylium derivatives has been realized by embracing a multi‐coordination approach with helical anion‐binding tetrakistriazole catalysts. The high activity of the tetrakistriazole (TetraTri) catalysts, with distinct confined anion‐binding pockets, allows for remarkably low catalyst loadings (down to 0.05 mol %), while providing a simple access to chiral chromanones and dihydropyrones in high enantioselectivities (up to 98:2 e.r.). Moreover, experimental and theoretical studies provide new insights into the hydrogen‐donor ability and key binding interactions of the TetraTri catalysts and its host:guest complexes, suggesting the formation of a 1:3 species.
Making the SF5 Group More Accessible: A Gas‐Reagent‐Free Approach to Aryl Tetrafluoro‐λ6‐sulfanyl Chlorides
Authors: Pitts Cody Ross , Bornemann Dustin , Liebing Phil , Santschi Nico , Togni Antonio 
Published: November 2018

AbstractModern pentafluorosulfanyl (SF5) chemistry has an Achilles heel: synthetic accessibility. Herein, we present the first approach to aryl‐SF4Cl compounds (key intermediates in state‐of‐the‐art aryl‐SF5 synthesis) that overcomes the reliance on hazardous fluorinating reagents and/or gas reagents (e.g. Cl2) by employing easy‐to‐handle trichloroisocyanuric acid, potassium fluoride, and catalytic amounts of acid. These simple, mild conditions allow direct access to aryl‐SF4Cl intermediates that either have not been or cannot be demonstrated using previous methods. Furthermore, the same approach provides access to aryl‐SF3 and aryl‐SeF3 compounds, which extend the applications of this chemistry beyond arene SF5‐functionalization, and demonstrate its ability to address a more general oxidative fluorination problem.
Recent Advances in the Metal‐Catalyzed Activation of Amide Bonds
Authors: Chaudhari Moreshwar B. , Gnanaprakasam Boopathy 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe amide functional group is commonly found in peptides, proteins, pharmaceutical compounds, natural products, and polymers. The synthesis of amides is typically performed by using classical approaches that involve the reaction between a carboxylic acid and an amine in the presence of an activator. Amides are thought to be an inert functional group, because they are unsusceptible to nucleophile attack, owing to their low electrophilicity. The reason for this resistance is clear: the resonance stability of the amide bond. However, transition metal catalysis can circumvent this stability by selectively rupturing the N−C bond of the amide, thereby facilitating further cross‐coupling or other reactions. In this Focus Review, we discuss the recent advances in this area and present a summary of methods that have been developed for activating the amide N−C bond by using precious and non‐precious metals.