bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The haemoglobin glycation index is associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in healthy subjects
Authors: Yoo Jee Hee , Kang Yu Mi , Cho Yun Kyung , Lee Jiwoo , Jung Chang Hee , Park Joong‐Yeol , Ryu Ohk‐Hyun , Kim Hong‐Kyu , Lee Woo Je 
Published: May 2019

AbstractObjectivesThe hemoglobin glycation index (HGI) quantifies interindividual variations in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and is associated with diabetic complications and metabolic diseases. However, information on the association between HGI and non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in healthy subjects is limited, particularly in Asian populations. This study aimed to investigate the association between HGI and NAFLD in a healthy Korean cohort.DesignSubjects were stratified in quartiles according to their HGI level. NAFLD was diagnosed by hepatic ultrasonography, hepatic steatosis index and fatty liver index. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the association between HGI quartiles and the risk of NAFLD.PatientsData from subjects without diabetes who underwent liver ultrasonography during routine health examinations were retrospectively reviewed.ResultsData from 14 465 subjects were included in the analysis. The prevalence of NAFLD increased significantly with each HGI quartile (24.8%, 29.7%, 32.6% and 40.6% in quartiles 1‐4, respectively; P < 0.001). In comparison with the lowest HGI quartile group, the highest quartile exhibited worse metabolic parameters, including body weight, waist circumference, body mass index and lipid profiles. Multiple logistic regression analysis adjusted for multiple factors showed that the odds ratio of having NAFLD was 1.564 (95% CI: 1.350‐1.813, P < 0.001) in the highest HGI quartile.ConclusionsElevated HGI levels are independently associated with NAFLD in a healthy Asian population.
The influence of deproteinised bovine bone mineral on dimensional changes in the maxillary second incisor socket
Authors: Raveendiran Nirushan , Chen Stephen , Davies Helen , Fitzgerald Wayne , Darby Ivan 
Published: May 2019

AbstractObjectivesTo investigate the dimensional changes following the extraction of maxillary second incisors and to evaluate the influence of deproteinised bovine bone mineral on the healing outcomes.Materials and MethodsThe second maxillary incisors in nine dogs were extracted bilaterally in a minimally traumatic manner. Deproteinised bovine bone mineral with collagen (DBBMC) and a collagen matrix (CM) was placed in one socket with the contralateral socket left to heal naturally. After 3 months of healing, the dogs were sacrificed and the pre‐maxilla resected. Cone beam computerised tomography scans (CBCTs) were obtained and the specimens prepared for histological preparation and analysis. Surface scans of study models taken pre‐ and post‐extraction were digitally subtracted to analyse volumetric changes.ResultsAll dogs healed uneventfully without any complications. No inflammation was seen, and DBBMC was well integrated into a network of mineralised tissues, bone marrow and connective tissue. The horizontal width of the buccal crest was found to be significantly greater in grafted sockets, but the vertical height to be similar. No significant difference was seen in regard to volumetric changes in sockets over 3 months post‐extraction.ConclusionMaxillary second incisor sockets of dogs grafted with DBBMC post‐extraction had significantly greater horizontal width at the ridge crest compared with ungrafted sockets. Volumetric analysis revealed no significant difference between grafted and non‐grafted sockets, suggesting possible soft tissue thickening post‐extraction to counteract osseous resorption.
Impact of self‐efficacy on risk aversion in the context of surgical weight loss decision scenarios
Authors: Turner Monique , Johnson Andrea C. , Lantz Paula 
Published: May 2019

SummaryObesity is prevalent among a third of US adults and a leading indicator for many chronic diseases. Self‐efficacy is important for non‐surgical weight loss interventions, but there is less information about the role of self‐efficacy in the candidacy phase when there are discussions of side effects and decisions for uptake. This study conducted an experiment set within an online survey assessing risk aversion towards bariatric surgery as a weight loss intervention. The survey asked about hypothetical weight loss scenarios for bariatric surgery among a national probability‐based sample of US adults aged 18 years and older. Participants answered their willingness to achieve different weight loss amounts within the context of bariatric surgery in varying risk scenarios. The analysis utilized a repeated‐measures linear mixed model. A three‐way interaction demonstrated that participants were more willing to take risks under ideal weight loss conditions even with the risk of death, particularly when considering self‐efficacy (𝛽 = 1.20, P = .05). Margin projections showed that those with lower self‐efficacy were more likely to take risks overall. This trend was significant for those with a body mass index of 30 and above in scenarios presenting one's ideal weight as the outcome of bariatric surgery. Adding a measure of self‐efficacy within patient assessments could identify those eligible patients who are most likely to adopt bariatric surgery, particularly among those who may have negative post‐surgical outcomes due to low self‐efficacy levels. Addressing self‐efficacy by way of providing support resources in tandem with candidacy consultations may enhance quality of life and post‐surgical outcomes.
In search of thresholds in the household income inequality–growth relationship
Authors: Paleologou Suzanna‐Maria 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThis paper investigates the shape of the relationship between household income inequality and economic growth. More precisely we search for the existence of threshold values in this relationship by employing a dynamic panel smooth transition regression model to account for potential endogeneity problems. We find that there do exist threshold values (that are different for different groups of countries): below the threshold, household income inequality is growth enhancing, while above the threshold, inequality has a negative or no effect on economic growth.
The geographically variegated connections of the Jakarta metropolitan area as produced by manufacturing firms
Authors: Indraprahasta Galuh Syahbana , Derudder Ben 
Published: May 2019

AbstractConnectivity in urban networks is often deemed to be an important feature of economically vibrant cities. Under conditions of contemporary globalization, the importance and geographies of these connections are increasingly variegated. Accordingly, various attempts have been made to analyse the external relations of cities and metropolitan regions, often through the lens of multilocational firms. Our purpose in this paper is to address the to‐date limited empirical knowledge about whether firms originating from different regions (i.e., firms with different headquarter [HQ] locations) create different patterns of inter‐urban relations. Drawing on the interlocking network model and using the Jakarta metropolitan area (JMA) as a case study, this paper explores how manufacturing firms with HQs either inside (further differentiating between the JMA and other cities) or outside (further differentiating between East Asian and non‐East Asian countries) Indonesia produce different patterns of external relations. Our findings indicate that each category of firms generates unique configurations of interurban relations for the JMA at the global and national scales. We argue that these variegated networks patterns not only reflect different locational strategies of firms, but also Indonesia's evolving policy orientations which have complex relations with evolving patterns of economic globalization.
Evaluation of an automated chromogenic assay for Factor VIII clotting activity measurement in patients affected by haemophilia A
Authors: Novembrino Cristina , Boscolo Anzoletti Massimo , Mancuso Maria Elisa , Shinohara Sho , Peyvandi Flora 
Published: May 2019

IntroductionThe original one‐stage clotting assay is still the most widely used method to measure Factor VIII clotting activity (FVIII:C) in patients with haemophilia A (HA), although the use of chromogenic assays is increasing significantly.AimEvaluation of the analytical performance and diagnostic accuracy of BIOPHEN™ FVIII:C (HYPHEN BioMed, Neuville‐sur‐Oise, France) assay on Sysmex CS‐2400 (Sysmex, Kobe, Japan) analyser.MethodsSixty patients with haemophilia A (HA; any severity) and 120 healthy Italian subjects were included. All the assays were performed on citrate platelet‐poor plasmas stored at −80°C. Chromogenic BIOPHEN™ FVIII:C was compared with the one‐stage assay using Actin FS and Factor VIII deficient plasma (Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics, Marburg, Germany) on Sysmex CS‐2400 and with another chromogenic automated assay (COAMATIC™ Factor VIII, CHROMOGENIX on ACL TOP analyzer; Instrumentation Laboratory, Milan, Italy).ResultsIntra‐assay and inter‐assay coefficient of variation were <6%. Linearity was good up to 1/128 dilution (r = 0.99); mean recovery was 91.7% and limit of detection was 0.2%. BIOPHEN™ FVIII:C assay showed a good correlation and diagnostic agreement with the chromogenic COAMATIC™ assay: the Spearmen's Rank correlation coefficient was 0.98 and the inter‐rate agreement K Cohen coefficient was 0.61. The K coefficient was 0.91 when BIOPHEN™ FVIII:C was compared with the historical classification of the patients, demonstrating an optimal diagnostic accuracy in HA.ConclusionsBIOPHEN™ FVIII:C showed good analytical performance and diagnostic accuracy and could be considered suitable for the introduction in routine analytical panel of coagulation for the diagnosis of HA patients.
Effects of MTHFR C677T and A1298C Polymorphisms on Migraine Susceptibility: A Meta‐Analysis of 26 Studies
Authors: Liu Lijun , Yu Yongpeng , He Jian , Guo Lei , Li Hong , Teng Jijun 
Published: May 2019

BackgroundMultiple studies have evaluated the associations between 5,10‐methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T and A1298C polymorphisms and migraine risk with conflicting results. Therefore, we conducted a meta‐analysis on this theme.MethodsWe searched the electronic databases of PubMed, EmBase, ScienceDirect, and Cochrane Library for all relevant studies published until April 6, 2018. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) in allelic, dominant, recessive, homozygous, and heterozygous models were calculated using random effects model to assess the strength of associations. We also performed subgroup analyses stratified by ethnicity and migraine subtypes, respectively.ResultsTwenty‐six studies (20 in Caucasians, 3 in Asians, 2 in Indians, and 1 in Pakistanis) with 10,228 migraineurs and 28,608 controls were included in this meta‐analysis. In the overall population, the allele 677T and TT genotype were associated with an increased risk for total migraine and migraine with aura (MA) (total migraine: T vs C: OR = 1.19, 95%CI = 1.06‐1.33, P = .004; TT vs CC: OR = 1.32, 95%CI = 1.07‐1.64, P = .011; MA: T vs C: OR = 1.28, 95%CI = 1.09‐1.51, P = .003; TT vs CC: OR = 1.51, 95%CI = 1.09‐2.08, P = .012), but not for migraine without aura (MO). Subgroup analysis stratified by ethnicity revealed similar findings in Caucasians. In Asians, the association was detected only in recessive model in total migraine (TT vs CT + CC: OR = 1.80, 95%CI = 1.14‐2.85, P = .012). Results in Indians did not suggest any association in either total migraine or its subtypes. Pooled results of 5 studies (4 in Caucasians and 1 in Indians) on A1298C polymorphism indicated a significant association between the CC genotype and migraine risk (CC vs AA: OR = 1.78, 95%CI = 1.03‐3.07, P = .038), which only appeared for MO (CC vs AA: OR = 2.83, 95%CI = 1.30‐6.16, P = .009).ConclusionsOur meta‐analysis suggested that allele 677T in MTHFR C677T polymorphism might be a genetic risk factor for MA in Caucasians, and genotype 1298CC might contribute to MO susceptibility.
Concordance of cribriform architecture in matched prostate cancer biopsy and radical prostatectomy specimens
Authors: Hollemans Eva , Verhoef Esther I , Bangma Chris H , Schoots Ivo , Rietbergen John , Helleman Jozien , Roobol Monique J , van Leenders Geert J L H 
Published: May 2019

AimsInvasive cribriform and/or intraductal carcinoma have been identified as independent adverse parameters for prostate cancer outcome. Little is known on biopsy undersampling of cribriform architecture. Our aim was to determine the extent of cribriform architecture undersampling and to find predictive factors for identifying false cribriform‐negative cases.Methods and resultsWe reviewed 186 matched prostate biopsies and radical prostatectomy specimens. Of 97 biopsy grade group 2 (Gleason score 3 + 4 = 7) patients, 22 (23%) had true cribriform‐negative (TN), 39 (40%) false‐negative (FN) and 36 (37%) true‐positive (TP) biopsies. Patients with FN biopsies had higher, although not statistically significant (P = 0.06), median PSA levels than patients with TP biopsies (12 versus 8 ng/ml). A PI‐RADS 5 lesion was present in nine of 16 (54%) FN and three of 11 (27%) TN biopsies (P = 0.05). Positive biopsy rate (P = 0.47), percentage Gleason pattern 4 (P = 0.55) and glomeruloid architecture (P = 1.0) were not different. Logistic regression identified PSA as an independent predictor (odds ratio = 3.5; 95% confidence interval = 1.2–9.4, P = 0.02) for cribriform architecture on radical prostatectomy, but not PI‐RADS score. The FN rate for large cribriform architecture at radical prostatectomy was 27%, which was lower than for any cribriform architecture (P = 0.01). During follow‐up (median 27 months), biochemical recurrence‐free survival of patients with TP biopsies was significantly shorter than that of those with FN biopsies (P = 0.03).ConclusionIn conclusion, 40% of grade group 2 prostate cancer biopsies were FN for cribriform architecture. These patients had higher PSA levels and more frequent PI‐RADS score 5 lesions than men with TN biopsies.
Migration timing influences the responses of birds to food shortage at their refuelling site
Authors: Ke Wan‐Juan , He Peng , Peng He‐Bo , Choi Chi‐Yeung , Zhang Shou‐Dong , Melville David S. , Ma Zhijun 
Published: May 2019

Because migration is highly time‐constrained and migration timing varies among individuals, the responses of migrants to food shortage at a refuelling site could differ between individuals that arrive early and late at the site. To test this hypothesis, we compared the stopover decision, in terms of occurrence and length of stay (LOS), of radiotagged Great Knots Calidris tenuirostris before (2012) and after (2015) a dramatic decline in food supply at a critical spring final pre‐breeding refuelling site in the northern Yellow Sea. The probability of occurrence at the refuelling site was consistent between the two years, whereas the average LOS significantly shortened in the year of food shortage in late‐arriving individuals. This suggests migration timing intensifies the influence of food shortage in late‐arriving individuals, which might be more sensitive and vulnerable to food shortage at refuelling sites compared with early‐arriving individuals.
Eggshell derived mesoporous biphasic calcium phosphate for biomedical applications using rapid thermal processing
Authors: Ganesan Vidhya , Devaraj Muthu , Govindan Suresh Kumar , Kattimani Vivekanand S. , Easwaradas Kreedapathy Girija 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBiphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) has received much interest for making various bone substitutes since its physicochemical properties can be easily tailored by tuning its phase composition. Due to high temperature processing, it is hard to prepare BCP with nanoscale characteristics. In the present study, we have made an attempt to optimize the heat treatment parameters for the synthesis of BCP with nanoscale characteristics from eggshell derived hydroxyapatite (HA) through rapid thermal processing (RTP). To accomplish this, eggshell derived HA was prepared by wet precipitation method and subjected to RTP at 750°C and 1150°C for 3 and 10 minutes. For comparison we have also studied conventional calcination at 750°C and 1150°C for 3 hours. XRD, FTIR, SEM, EDX, HRTEM, and BET analyses were used to understand the effect of RTP and conventional calcination on eggshell derived HA. Our results indicate that eggshell derived HA on RTP at 1150°C for 3 minutes and 10 minutes can offer nanoscale BCP with good dissolution, bioactivity, cytocompatibility, and mesoporous nature. Hence, RTP can be a potential method to prepare BCP with nanoscale features for biomedical applications.
Digital morphology analyzers in hematology: ICSH review and recommendations
Authors: Kratz Alexander , Lee Szu‐hee , Zini Gina , Riedl Jurgen A. , Hur Mina , Machin Sam ,   the International Council for Standardization in Haematology
Published: May 2019

AbstractIntroductionMorphological assessment of the blood smear has been performed by conventional manual microscopy for many decades. Recently, rapid progress in digital imaging and information technology has led to the development of automated methods of digital morphological analysis of blood smears.MethodsA panel of experts in laboratory hematology reviewed the literature on the use of digital imaging and other strategies for the morphological analysis of blood smears. The strengths and weaknesses of digital imaging were determined, and recommendations on improvement were proposed.ResultsBy preclassifying cells using artificial intelligence algorithms, digital image analysis automates the blood smear review process and enables faster slide reviews. Digital image analyzers also allow remote networked laboratories to transfer images rapidly to a central laboratory for review, and facilitate a variety of essential work functions in laboratory hematology such as consultations, digital image archival, libraries, quality assurance, competency assessment, education, and training. Different instruments from several manufacturers are available, but there is a lack of standardization of staining methods, optical magnifications, color and display characteristics, hardware, software, and file formats.ConclusionIn order to realize the full potential of Digital Morphology Hematology Analyzers, pre‐analytic, analytic, and postanalytic parameters should be standardized. Manufacturers of new instruments should focus on improving the accuracy of cell preclassifications, and the automated recognition and classification of pathological cell types. Cutoffs for grading morphological abnormalities should depend on clinical significance. With all current devices, a skilled morphologist remains essential for cell reclassification and diagnostic interpretation of the blood smear.
Labour market enforcement in the 21st century: should whistleblowers have a greater role?
Authors: Lewis David 
Published: May 2019

AbstractLabour market enforcement can be achieved through a variety of mechanisms. On the basis that inspectorates in the UK have been under‐resourced historically and that reliance on self‐regulation is particularly objectionable in sectors that have a record of providing low pay and poor working conditions, this article explores the potential for using whistleblowing by both workers and non‐workers as a method of enforcing labour standards. The author believes that, in principle, policing by inspectors working in conjunction with unions is particularly important in industries where small firms are prevalent and individuals may feel particularly vulnerable to retaliation if they speak up. Nevertheless, given the low likelihood of government inspections and low levels of unionisation in the private sector, it is suggested that enhancing the protection given to whistleblowers who report suspected wrongdoing might deter employer non‐compliance and prove cost effective.
Ga‐Sb‐S‐I chalcohalide glasses and fibers for mid‐infrared applications
Authors: Sun Mingyang , Yang Anping , Zhang Xianghua , Ma Hongli , Zhang Mingjie , Tian Kangzhen , Feng Xian , Yang Zhiyong 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIn this work, environment friendly Ga‐Sb‐S‐I chalcohalide glasses and fibers are developed for mid‐infrared applications. The developed Ga8Sb32S60‐xIx (x = 0‐10) glasses have a transmission window of ~0.7‐14 µm, linear refractive indices (n0) of ~ 2.690‐2.751 at 1.55 µm, nonlinear refractive indices (n2) of ~10.5‐12.4 × 10−14 cm2/W at 1.55 µm, and zero dispersion wavelengths (λ0) of ~4.94‐5.25 µm. The developed Ga8Sb32S55I5/Ga8Sb31S56I5 (core/cladding) fiber can transmit infrared light from below 2 µm to ~8 µm, and shows the minimum loss of ~1.2 dB/m at ~6 µm. The wide transmission window, high optical nonlinearity and superior thermal stability against crystallization of the glasses, and the good 2‐8 µm transmission property of the fiber make these materials promising for mid‐infrared applications such as thermal imaging, nonlinear optics, and laser transmission.
A comprehensive study on frictional dependence and predictive accuracy of viscoelastic model for optical glass using compression creep test
Authors: Yu Jianwu , Luo Hong , Zhang Yingying , Nguyen Thai V. , Jiang Xiaomo , Hu Junzhi 
Published: May 2019

AbstractCompression creep tests (CCTs) have been widely used in phenomenological characterization of viscoelastic materials such as glasses. However, disturbed by specimen‐tool interface friction, the real stress‐strain data regarding the pure viscoelastic deformation are frequently misestimated in conventional CCTs, causing decreased accuracies of the derived viscoelastic parameters. This study proposes a comprehensive CCT‐based approach to develop a viscoelastic model with weakened frictional disturbance and enhanced predictive accuracy. An integrated calculation procedure is first built to mathematically characterize the frictional and viscoelastic behaviors of glass during compression. Uniaxial CCTs of a typical borosilicate glass (L‐BAL42) are then performed at varied frictional conditions. The quantified coefficients of interface friction indicate that a minor frictional disturbance is achieved when Nickel foils are used as interfacial layers, whereby a more realistic viscoelastic constitutive relation of the glass is derived. The obtained frictional and viscoelastic constants are further incorporated into computational modeling of the CCT and precision molding processes. The demonstrated consistencies between the simulated and measured results (creep displacement and molding force) suggest that, by technically slashing the interface friction and theoretically correcting the friction‐involved stress in CCTs, the frictional disturbance to experimental stress‐strain data can be effectively weakened, and a viscoelastic model of enhanced predictive accuracy can be thus developed.