bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PATIENT PRIORITIES FOR TREATMENT ATTRIBUTES IN ADJUNCTIVE DRUG THERAPY OF SEVERE HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA IN GERMANY: AN ANALYTIC HIERARCHY PROCESS
Authors: Mühlbacher Axel C. , Kaczynski Anika , Dippel Franz-Werner , Bethge Susanne 
Published: July 2018

Objectives:Severe hypercholesterolemia is a major cause of death in coronary heart disease. New adjunctive drug therapies have passed authorization processes and been launched recently. So far it is not known which properties of the new treatment options generate the highest benefit for patients. The aim was to evaluate patient priorities in the field of adjunctive drug therapy with apheresis. Therapy characteristics were examined as to their relevance to hypercholesterolemia patients.Methods:To identify all potential patient-relevant treatment characteristics, a systematic literature review and ten interviews with patients were conducted. Seven key characteristics were identified from the patient perspective. Patients’ priorities were elicited using an analytic hierarchy process (AHP).Results:In total, N = 61 patients diagnosed with severe hypercholesterolemia and undergoing apheresis participated in the study. The analysis showed predominance for the attribute “reduction of LDL-C level in blood” (Wglobal:0.362). The “risk of myopathy” (Wglobal:0.164), “risk of neurocognitive impairment” (Wglobal:0.161) and “frequency of apheresis” (Wglobal:0.119) were ranked second, third and fourth. Subgroup analyses revealed that “frequency of apheresis” is of greater importance to younger patients, men and/or patients who indicated a reduction in quality of life due to apheresis.Conclusions:The essential decision criteria for optimal therapy from the patients’ perspective were obtained. “Reduction of lipoprotein in blood” was ranked highest compared with the “mode of administration” and “side effects” characteristics. The study offers a transparent approach for the identification of patient priorities for adjunctive PCSK9-inhibitor therapy in apheresis-treated hypercholesterolemia. The project can be used by healthcare decision makers to understand the importance of each patient-relevant endpoint.
OVERCOMING THE BARRIERS TO ACHIEVING UNIVERSAL HEALTH CARE IN THE ASIAN REGION
Authors: Mundy Linda , Trowman Rebecca , Kearney Brendon 
Published: July 2018

Objectives:The Health Technology Assessment International (HTAi) Asia Policy Forum (HAPF) met to discuss the challenges of achieving universal health care (UHC) in Asia.Methods:Group discussions and presentations at the 2017 HAPF, informed by a background paper, including a literature review and the results of pre-meeting surveys of health technology assessment (HTA) agencies and industry, formed the basis of this article.Results:Affordability was identified as the greatest barrier to establishing UHC; however, other impediments include the lack of political will to implement UHC, and the cultural issue of deference to expert opinion instead of evidence-based assessments. Although HTA was identified as an important prioritization tool when adding new technologies to benefit packages, it is used inconsistently in the region, resulting in a less transparent decision-making process for stakeholders. Although regional challenges exist around real-world data (RWD), including a lack of capacity to enable information and data sharing, most policy or funding decision makers in the region have access to data. However, there appears to be a disconnect with the experience of industry, whose representatives identify the lack of RWD as their primary issue. To overcome these issues, both HTA agencies and industry agree that collaboration and transparency should be fostered to support the development of robust evidence generation in the region.Conclusions:There is a willingness for HTA agencies and industry to collaborate to develop HTA methodology for the prioritization of technologies in the Asia region that support healthcare systems to achieve the ultimate outcome of UHC.
Handling class overlapping to detect noisy instances in classification
Authors: Gupta Shivani , Gupta Atul 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAutomated machine classification will play a vital role in the machine learning and data mining. It is probable that each classifier will work well on some data sets and not so well in others, increasing the evaluation significance. The performance of the learning models will intensely rely on upon the characteristics of the data sets. The previous outcomes recommend that overlapping between classes and the presence of noise has the most grounded impact on the performance of learning algorithm. The class overlap problem is a critical problem in which data samples appear as valid instances of more than one class which may be responsible for the presence of noise in data sets.The objective of this paper is to comprehend better the data used as a part of machine learning problems so as to learn issues and to analyze the instances that are profoundly covered by utilizing new proposed overlap measures. The proposed overlap measures are Nearest Enemy Ratio, SubConcept Ratio, Likelihood Ratio and Soft Margin Ratio. To perform this experiment, we have created 438 binary classification data sets from real-world problems and computed the value of 12 data complexity metrics to find highly overlapped data sets. After that we apply measures to identify the overlapped instances and four noise filters to find the noisy instances. From results, we found that 60–80% overlapped instances are noisy instances in data sets by using four noise filters. We found that class overlap is a principal contributor to introduce class noise in data sets.
On derived functors of graded local cohomology modules
Authors: PUTHENPURAKAL TONY J. , SINGH JYOTI 
Published: July 2018

AbstractLet K be a field of characteristic zero and let R = K[X1, . . .,Xn], with standard grading. Let ${\mathfrak m}$ = (X1, . . ., Xn) and let E be the *injective hull of R/${\mathfrak m}$. Let An(K) be the nth Weyl algebra over K. Let I, J be homogeneous ideals in R. Fix i, j ≥ 0 and set M = HiI(R) and N = HjJ(R) considered as left An(K)-modules. We show the following two results for which no analogous result is known in charactersitc p > 0.
(i)$H^l_{\mathfrak m}$(TorRν(M, N)) ≅ E(n)al,ν for some al,ν ≥ 0.(ii)For all ν ≥ 0; the finite dimensional vector space TorAn(K)ν(M♯, N) is concentrated in degree -n (here M♯ is the standard right An(K)-module associated to M).
We also conjecture that for all i ≥ 0 the finite dimensional vector space ExtiAn(K)(M, N) is concentrated in degree zero. We give a few examples which support this conjecture.
The Self-Actualization of John Adams
Authors: KAPUSTA JOHN 
Published: July 2018

AbstractIn the late 1960s, the prominent psychologist Abraham Maslow argued that music-making was an inherently bodily activity, which like sex, could induce what Maslow called “peak experiences”—moments of mystical transcendence and personal insight. Amass enough such peak experiences, Maslow suggested, and one could achieve “self-actualization”—the full realization of one's potential as a human being. This article argues that though many musicians would heed Maslow's words, few embodied Maslow's program more than composer John Coolidge Adams did in the late 1970s. The article shows how Maslowian ideas shaped some of Adams's formative musical experiences in the San Francisco Bay Area. The article further demonstrates how these same concepts inspired the development of Adams's idiosyncratic postminimalist idiom, with particular attention to Adams's 1978 string septetShaker Loops. By considering the influence of Adams's countercultural milieu, the article reveals strains of primitivism, eroticism, and exoticism in Adams's work more closely associated with Adams's minimalist predecessors. It also presents an alternative view of postmodernism in music, arguing that for Adams, at least, to make music “after” modernism was to make music a medium of self-actualization.
Automotive antenna diversity system for satellite radio with high phase accuracy in low SNR-scenarios
Authors: Senega Simon , Nassar Ali , Lindenmeier Stefan 
Published: July 2018

AbstractFor a fast scan-phase satellite radio antenna diversity system a noise correction method is presented for a significant improvement of audio availability at low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) conditions. An error analysis of the level and phase detection within the diversity system in the presence of noise leads to a correction method based on a priori knowledge of the system's noise floor. This method is described and applied in a hardware example of a satellite digital audio radio services antenna diversity circuit for fast fading conditions. Test drives, which have been performed in real fading scenarios, are described and results are analyzed statistically. Simulations of the scan-phase antenna diversity system show higher signal amplitudes and availabilities. Measurement results of dislocated antennas as well as of a diversity antenna set on a single mounting position are presented. A comparison of a diversity system with noise correction, the same system without noise correction, and a single antenna system with each other is performed. Using this new method in fast multipath fading driving scenarios underneath dense foliage with a low SNR of the antenna signals, a reduction in audio mute time by one order of magnitude compared with single antenna systems is achieved with the diversity system.
Design and development of patch compensated wideband Vivaldi antenna
Authors: Yadav Rana Pratap , Kumar Vinay , Dhawan Rajveer 
Published: July 2018

AbstractDesign and fabrication of a microstrip feedline-based Vivaldi antenna in the frequency range of 6.0–8.0 GHz have been presented. The Vivaldi antenna is a planar antenna, fabricated at the microstrip feedline by having an exponentially tapered slot profile on it. An optimized computer-aided design has been developed and simulated for the desired radiation parameters like voltage standing wave ratio, bandwidth, directionality, beam-width, etc. The optimized design has been fabricated and tested. Wherever the results are not found as desired; problem has been comprehensively investigated and analyzed. This is found associated with a discontinuity at feed line, fabrication tolerance constraints and parasitic capacitance at the edges or the bent of the microstrip feedline which introduce the parasitic reactance in antenna design. Here, the presented work explores a generalized theoretical procedure for the compensation of associated problem by incorporating the reactive patch on the feedline. The developed theory is applied in fabrication and tested for the desired results.
Weibliche Homosexualität, Maskulinität und Körperzufriedenheit
Authors: Schütteler Christina , Gerlach Alexander L. 
Published: July 2018

Zusammenfassung. Theoretischer Hintergrund: Homosexuelle Frauen sind zufriedener mit ihrem Körper als heterosexuelle Frauen. Homosexualität ist folglich möglicherweise ein Schutzfaktor vor Körperunzufriedenheit. Unklar bleibt der zugrundeliegende Mechanismus für diesen Schutzfaktor. Fragestellung: Es wird untersucht, ob die höhere Körperzufriedenheit auf unterschiedliche Geschlechtsrollen, insbesondere Maskulinität, rückführbar ist. Methode: Diese Frage wurde an einer Stichprobe von N = 478 Frauen mittels einer Mediatoranalyse beantwortet. Ergebnisse: Homosexuelle Frauen waren zufriedener mit ihrem Körper als Heterosexuelle und erreichten höhere Werte für Maskulinität. Maskulinität mediierte den Unterschied bezüglich Körperzufriedenheit. Schlussfolgerungen: Teilweise vermittelt über Maskulinität, kann weibliche Homosexualität als Schutzfaktor vor Körperunzufriedenheit angesehen werden.
Universelle Prävention kindlicher Verhaltensstörungen durch Elterntrainings
Authors: Hahlweg Kurt , Schulz Wolfgang 
Published: July 2018

Zusammenfassung. Theoretischer Hintergrund: Die Prävalenzrate kindlicher psychischer Störungen beträgt ca. 20 % und ist durch psychotherapeutische Interventionen alleine nicht zu reduzieren. Universelle präventive Interventionen sind daher dringend notwendig, allerdings ist unklar, ob solche Maßnahmen auch langfristig wirksam sind. Fragestellung: Ziel der vorliegenden Studie ist die Überprüfung der 10-Jahres-Wirksamkeit des Triple P-Elterntrainingsprogramms als universelle Präventionsmaßnahme aus Mütter-, Väter- und Jugendlichensicht. Methode: Zum Prä-Zeitpunkt wurden N = 477 Familien über Kindertagesstätten in Braunschweig rekrutiert und zufällig der Kontrollgruppe (KG) oder dem Triple P-Elterntraining (TP) zugewiesen. 77 % der Familien nahmen das TP-Angebot an (T+), 23 % lehnten eine Teilnahme ab (T–). Die 10-Jahres-Wirksamkeit konnte mit einer multimethodalen diagnostischen Batterie an N=361 Familien überprüft werden (Rücklauf: 76 %). Ergebnisse: Die „Intention to Treat“- Auswertung (Vergleich TP vs. KG) erbrachten keine bedeutsamen Unterschiede. Eine differentielle Analyse der T+, T- und KG-Gruppen ergab aus Sicht der T+ Mütter im Vergleich zur KG eine Reduktion des kindlichen Problemverhaltens (CBCL) und eine Steigerung ihrer Partnerschaftszufriedenheit auf niedrigem Effektstärke-Niveau. In Bezug auf die CBCL-Auffälligkeitsraten zeigten sich im Vergleich zu Prä nach 10 Jahren bei der T+ Gruppe mit 5 % die geringsten, bei der T- Gruppe die stärksten Zuwächse (33 %). Entgegen der Erwartung ließen sich aus Sicht der Mütter keine Effekte hinsichtlich des elterlichen Erziehungsverhaltens nachweisen. Bei den T+ Vätern hingegen zeigte sich eine Verbesserung ihres Erziehungsverhaltens. Aus Jugendlichensicht ergaben sich keine bedeutsamen Effekte. Schlussfolgerungen: Die Ergebnisse unterstützen – allerdings nur aus Sicht der T+ Mütter – die langfristige Wirksamkeit des Triple P-Gruppenprogramms als universelle Maßnahme zur Prävention kindlicher Verhaltensprobleme. Zukünftig sollte der Ablehnenden-Gruppe T- mehr Aufmerksamkeit gewidmet werden, da diese Familien noch ungünstigere Ergebnisse als die Kontrollgruppe aufwiesen.
Die Eltern-Kurzversion des Fragebogens zur Erhebung der Emotionsregulation bei Kindern und Jugendlichen (FEEL-KJ)
Authors: Greuel Jan Felix , Briegel Wolfgang , Heinrichs Nina 
Published: July 2018

Zusammenfassung. Theoretischer Hintergrund: Das Konzept der Emotionsregulation (ER) hat große Bedeutung für die Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie. Gleichzeitig liegen besonders im Kindes- und Jugendalter kaum zuverlässig evaluierte und normierte Verfahren zur Messung von ER vor. Fragestellung: Es soll geprüft werden, ob eine Eltern-Kurzversion des Fragebogens zur Erhebung der Emotionsregulation bei Kindern und Jugendlichen (FEEL-KJ) über ausreichende psychometrische Qualität verfügt, um diese Lücke zumindest teilweise zu schließen. Außerdem sollen erste Hinweise auf die Validität der Testwerte und deren Abhängigkeit von soziodemographischen Variablen untersucht werden. Es wurde insbesondere eine mit dem Alter zunehmend häufige Verwendung von ER-Strategien erwartet. Ebenso wurden positive Zusammenhänge maladaptiver und negative Zusammenhänge adaptiver ER mit psychischen Beschwerden angenommen. Methode: Die Eltern-Kurzversion des FEEL-KJ und weitere Fragebogenverfahren wurden bei einer Elternstichprobe von 1638 Kindern im Alter von 2 – 10 Jahren eingesetzt (958 Datensätze von beiden Elternteilen, 605 nur Mütter und 75 nur Väter). Ergebnisse: Die Ergebnisse für Mütter und Väter stimmten weitgehend überein und die internen Konsistenzen der Testwerte lagen im guten bis sehr guten Bereich. Mit zunehmendem Alter wurden adaptive wie maladaptive ER-Strategien häufiger angewandt und die Zusammenhänge der Testwerte mit internalisierender wie externalisierender Psychopathologie waren deutlich. Es zeigten sich kaum bedeutsame Unterschiede in Abhängigkeit vom Geschlecht des Kindes und weiteren soziodemographischen Variablen. Schlussfolgerung: Die Eltern-Kurzversion des FEEL-KJ scheint zumindest als Ergänzung der bestehenden Diagnostik in Forschung und Praxis gut geeignet. Auf Basis der vorhandenen großen Stichprobe werden Normwerte bereitgestellt. Dennoch werden multimethodal angelegte Validierungsstudien notwendig sein, um die Validität der Testwerte weiter abzuklären. Normierung: Die ermittelten T-Wert- sowie Prozentrangnormen sind unter https://doi.org/10.24355/dbbs.084-201803050916 ( Greuel, Briegel & Heinrichs, 2018 ) oder über eine Anfrage bei den Autoren kostenfrei erhältlich. 1
A Moment‐Based Quasilinear Theory for Electron Firehose Instability Driven by Solar Wind Core/Halo Electrons
Authors: Sarfraz M. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractIn dilute space plasmas, especially in the solar wind, the microinstabilities are regarded as a major candidate to regulate the unchecked rise in temperature anisotropy near Earth orbit. The present paper considers parallel electron firehose mode, which is driven unstable under the condition of excessive electron temperature along the ambient magnetic field, that is, T∥e>T⊥e. The present study assumes bi‐Maxwellian model of solar wind species comprising ions, core, and halo electron components and, in addition, allowing their temperatures to evolve in time t. Employing the macroscopic quasilinear method, a set of equations has been constructed whose solutions give a dynamical picture of the modification in initial particles distributions and wave energy density associated with unstable electron firehose mode. The present scheme, further, confirms the marginal stability curves corresponding to ions, core, and halo electrons, separately. As we dynamically couple solar wind electrons with ions to determine the dynamics of instability, it may amount a further step toward global kinetic solar wind modeling.
Evaluation of Satellite Surface Winds in Relation to Weather Regimes Over the Indian Ocean Using DYNAMO Observations
Authors: Kerns Brandon W. , Chen Shuyi S. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractSatellites provide the most extensive surface wind data over the tropical oceans, but sampling limitations, rain contamination, and algorithm uncertainties remain. In this study, scatterometer and passive microwave swath data, and multisatellite products are evaluated using Dynamics of the Madden‐Julian Oscillation (DYNAMO) ship and moored buoy wind speed data over the Indian Ocean from September 2011 to January 2012. Each of the satellite products has <2 m/s error, consistent with previous studies. Blended products have error and bias characteristics comparable with swath data and provide better coverage. The errors and biases depend on the prevailing weather regime. The equatorial region is characterized by weeks of winds <5 m/s with little rain punctuated by episodes of winds >10 m/s and heavy rainfall associated with MJO events. The blended products resolve the episodic enhanced equatorial winds associated with the active phase of the MJO. However, due to limited sampling and rain contamination, the swath data did not fully resolve the peak MJO winds. In the Southern Hemisphere trade wind regime, rain contamination is less of a factor and winds are steadier. Satellite wind estimates of equatorial (trade wind) regime tended to be biased low (high). The surface wind products underestimate higher winds during the active MJO due to limited sampling and have high wind bias in the trade wind regime. These weather regime‐dependent biases should be taken into account for applications using these wind products for ocean circulation studies and estimating air‐sea fluxes over the Indian Ocean.
Description and Evaluation of the MIT Earth System Model (MESM)
Authors: Sokolov Andrei , Kicklighter David , Schlosser Adam , Wang Chien , Monier Erwan , Brown‐Steiner Benjamin , Prinn Ronald , Forest Chris , Gao Xiang , Libardoni Alex , Eastham Sebastian 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe Massachusetts Institute of Technology Integrated Global System Model (IGSM) is designed for analyzing the global environmental changes that may result from anthropogenic causes, quantifying the uncertainties associated with the projected changes, and assessing the costs and environmental effectiveness of proposed policies to mitigate climate risk. The IGSM consists of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Earth System Model (MESM) of intermediate complexity and the Economic Projections and Policy Analysis model. This paper documents the current version of the MESM, which includes a two‐dimensional (zonally averaged) atmospheric model with interactive chemistry coupled to the zonally averaged version of Global Land System model and an anomaly‐diffusing ocean model.
Development and Evaluation of an Explicit Treatment of Aerosol Processes at Cloud Scale Within a Multi‐Scale Modeling Framework (MMF)
Authors: Lin Guangxing , Ghan Steven J. , Wang Minghuai , Ma Po‐Lun , Easter Richard C. , Ovchinnikov Mikhail , Fan Jiwen , Zhang Kai , Wang Hailong , Chand Duli , Qian Yun 
Published: July 2018

AbstractModeling the aerosol lifecycle in traditional global climate models (GCM) is challenging for a variety of reasons, not the least of which is the coarse grid. The multiscale modeling framework (MMF), in which a cloud resolving model replaces conventional parameterizations of cloud processes within each GCM grid column, provides a promising framework to address this challenge. Here we develop a new version of MMF that for the first time treats aerosol processes at cloud scale to improve the aerosol‐cloud interaction representation in the model. We demonstrate that the model with the explicit aerosol treatments shows significant improvements of many aspects of the simulated aerosols compared to the previous version of MMF with aerosols parameterized at the GCM grid scale. The explicit aerosol treatments produce a significant increase of the column burdens of black carbon (BC), primary organic aerosol, and sulfate by up to 40% in many remote regions, a decrease of the sea‐salt aerosol burdens by 40% in remote regions. These differences are caused by the differences in aerosol convective transport and wet removal between these two models. The new model also shows reduced bias of BC surface concentration in North America and BC vertical profiles in the high latitudes. However, the biased‐high BC concentrations in the upper troposphere over the remote Pacific regions remain, requiring further improvements on other process representations (e.g., secondary activation neglected in the model).
Quantitative Prediction of High‐Energy Electron Integral Flux at Geostationary Orbit Based on Deep Learning
Authors: Wei Lihang , Zhong Qiuzhen , Lin Ruilin , Wang Jingjing , Liu Siqing , Cao Yong 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe deep learning method of long short‐term memory (LSTM) is applied to develop a model to predict the daily >2‐MeV electron integral flux 1 day ahead at geostationary orbit. The inputs to the model include geomagnetic and solar wind parameters such as Kp, Ap, Dst, solar wind speed, magnetopause subsolar distance, and the value of >2‐MeV electron integral flux itself over the previous five consecutive days. The model is trained on the data from the periods 1999–2007 and 2011–2016, and the efficiency of the model is tested on the 2008–2010 period. We experiment with different input combinations and find that when the model takes daily >2‐MeV electron integral flux, daily averaged magnetopause subsolar distance, and daily summed Kp index as inputs, the prediction efficiencies for 2008, 2009, and 2010 are 0.833, 0.896, and 0.911, respectively. This value reaches 0.900 for 2008, when hourly >2‐MeV electron integral flux, hourly magnetopause subsolar distance, and daily summed Kp index are taken as inputs, with training on the remaining data from 19 June 2003 to 13 April 2010. The prediction efficiencies of the persistence model and the 27‐order autoregressive model for the same tested time period are 0.679 and 0.743, respectively. Therefore, the model developed based on the LSTM method can improve the prediction efficiency significantly for daily >2‐MeV electron integral flux 1 day ahead at geostationary orbit.