bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simulation of CO2 adsorption by porous materials based on lattice Boltzmann method
Authors: Yang Huipan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In order to achieve the goal of the “National Dual Carbon Program”, a numerical model for the adsorption of CO2 gas by ZIFs adsorbent particles was established by using the lattice Boltzmann method on the characterization volume scale, and the influence of inlet temperature on adsorption performance was studied. The results show that when the inlet temperature of flue gas varies from 308K to 363K, the adsorption capacity of ZIFs adsorbent particles for CO2 per unit mass gradually decreases with the increase of inlet temperature. It is recommended that the condensing tube be set in the actual adsorption application or that the corresponding functional group on the ZIFs molecule be added to improve the adsorption performance of CO2.
Mo-doped CoS with rich sulfur vacancies for electrocatalytic reduction of nitrogen to ammonia
Authors: Gao Ze , Xu Ming , Liu Renming , Yang Daming , Yang Yating , Feng Ming , Wang Ting 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Improving the activation and adsorption and of N2 by catalysts is crucial for developing efficient nitrogen reduction catalysts. Doping and defect engineering are important methods for addressing these issues. Doping a certain amount of Mo in CoS is beneficial for increasing the active positions, which heightens the attachment of N2. Due to the unique structure of the sulfur vacancy, it is advantageous to weaken the N≡N bond, thus enhancing the efficiency of electrocatalysis from N2 to NH3. Therefore, this work focuses on designing a Mo-doped CoS electrocatalyst with an abundance of sulfur vacancies to enhance its electrocatalytic performance in nitrogen reduction. The Vs-Mo/CoS-8% achieves an impressive NH3 yield of 38.19 μg h−1 mgcat
−1 and Faraday efficiency of 23.99% at an electrical potential of −0.45 V (vs. RHE). Furthermore, it demonstrates long-term stability for up to 24 hours. This study not only broadens the diversity of available electrocatalysts but also provides new ideas for designing efficient and stable ones.
Preference of helicon plasma discharge directionality due to standing waves
Authors: Hu Shaoxiong , Du Dan , Yu Cui , Huang Ziwen , Zhou Hua 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Helicon plasma has high ionization efficiency. It has been used in semiconductors, space propulsion, and nuclear fusion as a high-density plasma source. This paper establishes a three-dimensional numerical model of argon helicon plasma discharge based on the detailed consideration of particle collision and chemical reaction. The directivity of helicon plasma discharge under three-dimensional non-uniform magnetic field distribution is studied by the finite element method, and the wave propagation and power deposition are analyzed. In this paper, the direction of helicon plasma discharge is changed by the antenna helicity. It is considered that the standing helicon wave is one of the important reasons for this phenomenon.
Investigation of Unavoidable Pressure Injuries in the Actively Dying Stage
Authors: Fujioka Masaki 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND
Although most pressure injuries (PIs) are healable with appropriate assessment, preventive intervention, and treatment, nursing professionals recognize that some PIs are unavoidable. Research investigating unavoidable PIs is limited because there are few clear means of determining whether these injuries are unavoidable.

OBJECTIVE
To clarify the reality of unavoidable PIs by analyzing the state of PIs and blood test results in patients who were actively dying.

METHODS
From 2018 to 2023, 904 hospitalized patients at the author’s medical center developed PIs. Of these patients, 710 survived and were discharged (survival group). Of the 194 patients who died after developing a PI, 111 died more than 8 days after onset (end-of-life group), and 83 patients died within 7 days of onset (actively dying group). The researcher analyzed patients’ age, weight, and height, as well as various blood work parameters at the time of PI occurrence in the survival, end-of-life, and actively dying patient groups.

RESULTS
Approximately half of patients with PIs in the actively dying stage had cancer. Total protein, albumin, and blood urea nitrogen were significantly lower among the actively dying patients compared with those who survived. Aspartate transferase, alanine aminotransferase, white blood cell count, and C-reactive protein were all significantly higher among patients in the actively dying versus the surviving group.

CONCLUSIONS
It is difficult to determine whether a PI is unavoidable. However, the author believes that clinical symptoms and blood test data can help make that decision.
Factors Associated With Premature Physeal Closure After Distal Femur Physeal Fracture
Authors: Hulbert Molly A. , Chun Liane , Bryan Tracey P. , Souder Christopher D. , Pennock Andrew T. 
Published: February 2025

Background:
Premature physeal closure (PPC) after distal femur fractures is a recognized complication. To date, risk factors for PPC have not been well identified. This study’s purpose is to identify risk factors for this challenging problem and start the discussion for changing practice guidelines in high-risk patients.

Methods:
A retrospective review of displaced distal femur physeal fractures undergoing surgical stabilization at a single, level I pediatric hospital were identified between 2011 and 2022. Patient charts were reviewed and injury, radiographic, and surgical data were recorded. Univariable statistical analysis was performed to identify factors associated with PPC. Odds ratios were calculated and binary logistic regression was utilized to determine the odds of PPC based on risk factors present.

Results:
Fifty-four patients were identified with a mean chronologic age of 13±3 years, a mean bone age of 14±3 years, and the majority were male (67%). Twenty-eight percent of the cohort presented with severe fracture displacement. The interposed periosteum was removed in 37% of patients. The overall rate of PPC was 48% (N=26) and 77% of these underwent subsequent surgical intervention. When the PPC was identified at the 6-month postinjury visit (n=26), 50% had already developed a leg length discrepancy (LLD) of at least 1 cm. Three nonmodifiable factors were significantly associated with PPC: bone age, Salter-Harris (SH) type, and fracture displacement. The risks of PPC based on the number of factors present compared with zero factors were: 1 factor odds ratio (OR)=4.4 (95% CI: 0.4-45, P=0.22), 2 factors OR=39 (95% CI: 3.8-399, P=0.002), and 3 factors OR=96 (95% CI: 5.2-1767, P=0.002). Patients with 2 and 3 risk factors had a 77% and 89% rate of closing early.

Conclusion:
Premature physeal closure frequently occurs after distal femur physeal fractures and risk factors include younger bone age, SH I and II fractures, and fractures with greater initial displacement. When multiple risk factors are present, the odds of PPC are high, and intervention before 6 months could be considered to avoid a resultant LLD ≥1 cm or angular deformity. A larger study is warranted to create a predictive model and to enhance the precision of the risk factor analysis.
Dexmedetomidine to Reduce Vasopressor Resistance in Refractory Septic Shock: α2 Agonist Dexmedetomidine for REfractory Septic Shock (ADRESS): A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial
Authors: Dargent Auguste , Bourredjem Abderrahmane , Jacquier Marine , Bohe Julien , Argaud Laurent , Levy Bruno , Fournel Isabelle , Cransac Amelie , Badie Julio , Quintin Luc , Quenot Jean-Pierre 
Published: February 2025

Objectives:
Increasing evidence has suggested the benefits of dexmedetomidine in patients with sepsis. Dexmedetomidine may increase vasopressor sensitivity, which may be of interest in the setting of refractory septic shock. The α2 Agonist Dexmedetomidine for REfractory Septic Shock (ADRESS) pilot study aimed to evaluate the effect of dexmedetomidine on the vasopressor response in patients with refractory septic shock.

Design:
This study was a multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind pilot trial.

Setting:
The study was conducted in 5 ICUs in France.

Patients:
Inclusion criteria were septic shock (Sepsis-3 definition) and norepinephrine requirement greater than or equal to 0.25 µg/kg/min (0.5 µg/kg/min of norepinephrine tartrate) with persistent circulatory failure (defined by lactate > 2 mmol/L, oliguria, or skin mottling) and invasive mechanical ventilation.

Interventions:
The arterial pressure response to phenylephrine was measured before starting the treatment (0 hr), at 6 hours (primary outcome), and 12 hours. In the treatment arm, dexmedetomidine was given at a fixed dose of 1 µg/kg/hr.

Measurements and Main Results:
Inclusions were stopped early because of higher mortality in the dexmedetomidine arm. Thirty-two patients of the 36 planned were included. Response to phenylephrine at 6 hours was lower in the dexmedetomidine group than in the placebo group (1.26 ± 0.23 vs. 1.45 ± 0.26; p = 0.048), although this difference was also observed at baseline (p = 0.029). There were no significant differences between the groups in terms of cumulative norepinephrine dose, lactatemia, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score, fluid balance, ventilation-free days, or occurrence of bradycardia. Mortality on day 3 was higher in the dexmedetomidine group than in the placebo group, with a difference that diminished and was no longer significant on 30 and 90 days.

Conclusions:
Patients in the dexmedetomidine arm had a significantly lower response to phenylephrine at all study times including baseline, which might have contributed to higher early mortality in the dexmedetomidine arm and preclude to conclude on dexmedetomidine efficacy in refractory septic shock. However, heart rate was not decreased in the dexmedetomidine arm.
Exercise Strategy for Reducing Visceral Adipose Tissue in Community Residents With Obesity: A Sequential Multiple Assignment Randomized Trial
Authors: CHANG Yu-Hsuan , LEE Yun-Hsiang , WU Kay LH , HSU Wei-Li , HUNG Hung , SHUN Shiow-Ching 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Background
Exercise is the most effective method of reducing visceral adipose tissue (VAT). However, the optimal exercise modality and strategy for reducing VAT have yet to be determined.

Purpose
This study was designed to identify the optimal sequence exercise strategy for reducing VAT in community residents with obesity.

Methods
A sequential multiple assignment randomized trial design was used to conduct a two-stage (8 weeks each) adaptive exercise for 40- to 64-year-old residents with obesity. In the first stage, the participants were randomly allocated into two groups, one of which did 30 minutes of moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT; n = 58) and the other which did 20 minutes of high-intensity interval training (HIIT; n = 58) three times per week. In the second stage, the nonresponders (with VAT decreases < 3%) were randomly reallocated into a group that performed MICT combined with an additional 10 minutes of resistance exercise or one that performed the opposite of the first-stage treatment (HIIT or MICT). Those who responded to the first-stage intervention (with VAT decreases of ≥ 3%) continued the same exercise treatment until 16 weeks.

Results
The MICT intervention was found to be more efficacious than the HIIT intervention in reducing VAT during the first 8 weeks (β = −4.10, p = .029). Among the nonresponders to MICT, the HIIT outperformed MICT combined with resistance exercise as the alternative choice in the second stage (β = −7.36, p = .006). On the contrary, there were no significant differences between MICT and MICT combined with resistance exercise for the nonresponders to HIIT (β = 1.34, p = .626). Those participants who repeated the same exercise modality (either MICT or HIIT) in both stages exhibited superior VAT reduction to those who changed exercise modalities after the first stage.

Conclusions/Implications for Practice
The optimal sequence exercise strategy for reducing VAT is captured by a two-stage sequential multiple assignment randomized trial design. Community residents with obesity are advised to reduce VAT efficiently through participation in an 8-week MICT program. For those preferring HIIT rather than MICT, a 16-week program without changing the modality midway is recommended.
The Mediating Effect of Sleep Quality on the Relationship Between Depression and Sense of Control in Women in the Third Trimester of Pregnancy: A Cross-Sectional Survey Study
Authors: WENG Min-Hsueh , CHOU Hung-Chieh , WU Gwo-Jang , CHANG Yue-Cune , LIAW Jen-Jiuan 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Background
Depression, poor sleep quality, and perceived lack of control all commonly impact women in the third trimester of pregnancy. Depression can influence sleep quality, whereas sense of control during pregnancy is correlated with both sleep quality and depression. However, the mediating effect of sleep quality on the relationship between depression and sense of control has not been examined in women in their third trimester.

Purpose
This study was designed to explore depression, sleep quality, and sense of control in pregnant women during the third trimester and determine the degree to which sleep quality mediates the relationship between depression and sense of control.

Methods
An exploratory correlational cross-sectional design was used to recruit 263 pregnant women with a gestational age of 35–36 weeks. Data were collected using questionnaires. Depression, sleep quality, and sense of control were respectively assessed using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and Labor Agentry Scale. Data on the main outcomes were analyzed using the PROCESS macro for SPSS.

Results
Depression in pregnant women was found to correlate positively with poor sleep quality and negatively with sense of control (all ps < .001). Thus, higher levels of depression and poorer sleep quality were associated with lower sense of control. The results confirmed the relationship between depression and sense of control to be mediated by sleep quality (p < .001).

Conclusions
Pregnant women with lower levels of depression may experience better sleep quality and sense of control. Sleep quality mediates the relationship between depression and sense of control in women in the third trimester. Thus, prenatal counseling and psychological support should be provided to pregnant women to reduce depression while improving sleep quality and sense of control.
The microsurgical advantage of huge cystic craniopharyngioma following long-term cystic aspirations via Ommaya reservoir: A case report
Authors: Park Sue-Jee , Correia Dircia Canisia Marcelina , Kim Yeong Jin , Kim Seul-Kee , Lee Kyung-Hwa , Ahn Kang-Hee , Jung Tae-Young 
Published: February 2025

Rationale:
Craniopharyngiomas are histologically benign tumors with a relatively high recurrence rate. Surgical removal is challenging due to proximity to critical brain structures. This report introduces a staged operation strategy for a huge cystic craniopharyngioma.

Patient concerns:
An 8-year-old girl presented with diplopia and decreased visual acuity.

Diagnoses:
Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed a large, 10-cm-sized cystic mass encasing both the anterior and middle cerebral arteries and the optic nerve.

Interventions:
An Ommaya reservoir was placed for periodic cyst aspirations over a period of 15 months. Subsequent magnetic resonance imaging indicated a reduction in cyst size, with an increasingly distinct tumor–pial interface evident on T2-weighted images. The tumor, initially entwined with neurovascular structures, gradually became delineated from these critical components. She underwent a secondary surgical intervention utilizing a bifrontal interhemispheric approach. Intraoperatively, the tumor was meticulously dissected and totally excised without compromising surrounding critical structures, while the tumor’s origin, the pituitary stalk, underwent partial resection.

Outcomes:
There was no worsening of vision after surgery. She was on minirin medication, and there was no recurrence during the 1-year follow-up.

Lessons:
Microsurgery of huge cystic craniopharyngioma following long-term cyst aspirations via Ommaya reservoir could present an efficacious strategy to diminish complication risks in pediatric patients.
Man and machine: exploring the intersection of artificial intelligence and men's health
Authors: Panken Evan J. , Patel Akash U. , Schammel Josh , Dubin Justin M. 
Published: February 2025

Purpose of review
Explore the current state of artificial intelligence in the Men's Health space.

Recent findings
Artificial intelligence is emerging in the field of Men's Health with recent publications highlighting a role for optimization of male infertility diagnostics and treatment, clinical predictive tools, patient education, and improvements in clinical workflow.

Summary
Artificial intelligence is set to be a prime instrument in the advancement of both patient care and patient education in the Men's Health space.
Lead migration and postdural puncture headache following spinal cord stimulator placement in patient with cough: a case report
Authors: Walton Edward , Zhitny Vladislav Pavlovich , Dixon Brett , Jannoud Ryan , Rahman Ivan 
Published: February 2025

Introduction and importance:
Spinal cord stimulator (SCS) implantation has become a well-validated treatment for refractory chronic back pain. While generally safe, complications such as lead migration and postdural puncture headache (PDPH) can arise. Recognizing these hardware and biologic complications is crucial to improving outcomes and guiding management strategies.

Case presentation:
A middle-aged male with chronic nocturnal cough underwent successful percutaneous SCS trial placement under fluoroscopic guidance. Adequate pain coverage was confirmed, and he was discharged home. The following day, he returned with a positional headache, nausea, and imaging-confirmed lead migration. PDPH was suspected. At the time of presentation, a chest X-ray revealed possible lead migration, and the patient had also reported a chronic dry cough that had worsened the evening of the procedure. Management included removal of the leads and an epidural blood patch, leading to complete symptom resolution.

Clinical discussion:
Nocturnal coughing is hypothesized to have caused mechanical stress on the SCS leads, resulting in caudal migration. Lead migration is one of the most common SCS complications, with rates of 2.1–27%. Additionally, PDPH, though rare (~0.81% per lead placed), often requires an epidural blood patch for effective resolution. In this case, the displaced leads may have exacerbated an underlying dural tear, highlighting a novel interplay between hardware and biological complications.

Conclusion:
This is the first documented case at our academic center of concurrent lead migration and PDPH following SCS placement. Our findings suggest that chronic coughing may represent an unrecognized risk factor for lead migration and PDPH. Providers should address unresolved coughing prior to SCS implantation and consider improved anchoring techniques to minimize risks.
An Unusual Death From Penetrating Cranial Trauma: The Importance of Investigating the Primary Scene of Injury
Authors: Oxborrow Kelli , Knight Laura D. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
A 65-year-old man with a history of hypertension and coronary artery disease was found dead at home after having fallen about 6 days prior. Autopsy examination revealed unexplained penetrating trauma of the skull with a circular defect in the frontal bone with associated cerebral laceration and organizing subdural hemorrhage. As the cause of the penetrating injury was unknown, the forensic pathologist instigated further investigation. Through interviews, the medicolegal death investigator identified the primary scene of injury, which was different from the scene of death; she elucidated the injury scenario, including the culprit object, which she photographed during the follow-up investigation. The etiology of the injury allowed the medical examiner to correctly certify manner of death. This case represents an interesting example of penetrating cranial injury, with minimal external injury and extensive internal lethal damage to the brain. Furthermore, it highlights the importance of investigating the primary scene of injury, especially when death is delayed and the deceased is no longer at the injury location.
Head engagement during visuomotor tracking is determined by postural demands and aging
Authors: Georgiadis Petros , Hatzitaki Vassilia , Fiehler Katja , Voudouris Dimitris 
Published: February 2025

AbstractVision is important for various tasks, from visually tracking moving objects to maintaining balance. People obtain visual information through eye movements performed either alone or in combination with head movements. Even when isolated eye movements can accommodate the amplitude of the desired gaze shift, humans still perform head movements, as they provide additional sensory signals that can be integrated with retinal input resulting in improved gaze estimates. However, head movements also create mechanical torques and attenuate vestibular processing that could disturb balance. We, therefore, here examined whether head engagement is determined by postural requirements when performing a visual tracking task. Young participants visually tracked a target moving horizontally along different amplitudes, while they were seated, standing on a firm and an unstable surface. Our results showed stronger head engagement when standing than sitting, but no systematic differences were found between firm and unstable surfaces. To further explore the interplay between head engagement and postural demands, we conducted a second experiment where young and older participants performed a similar task, but now they were either allowed to move their head or instructed to limit their head movements. Both tracking accuracy and postural sway increased when engaging the head. When asked to limit head movements, both age groups engaged their head minimally, but head movements were more pronounced in more challenging postures. When allowed to move their head naturally, younger participants engaged their head more when standing than sitting, but older adults reduced their head movements with more demanding postures. We suggest that head movements in younger adults facilitate visual tracking, while limited head movements in older adults preserve balance.