bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prenatal Microcephaly and Hydrocephalus and Normal Heart Anatomy, Postnatal Diagnosis of Nijmegen Syndrome - Case Report
Authors: Wójtowicz-Marzec Monika , Respondek-Liberska Maria 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Nijmengen breakage syndrome is a rare autosomal condition mainly characterized by microcephaly. Patients are predisposed to malignancies due to combined immunodeficiency. The presented patient had prenatally diagnosed microcephaly with atypical ventriculomegaly of occipital horns. Fetal echocardiography showed a normal fetal heart anatomy. Diagnosis of Nijmengen syndrome was confirmed postnatally. The differential diagnosis of fetal microcephaly should take into account intrauterine infections, perinatal brain injury, congenital malformations or biological variants.
Remember they were emotional - Effects of emotional qualifiers during sentence processing
Authors: Child Scarlett , Garnham Alan , Oakhill Jane 
Published: February 2019

AbstractWe investigated whether emotional information facilitates retrieval and whether it makes representations more salient during sentence processing. Participants were presented with sentences including entities (nouns) that were either bare, with no additional information or that were emotionally or neutrally qualified by means of adjectives. Reading times in different word regions, specifically at the region following the verb where retrieval processes are measurable, were analysed. Qualified representations needed longer time to be build up than bare representations. Also, it was found that the amount of information and the type of information affect sentences processing and more specifically retrieval. In particular, retrieval for emotionally specified representations was faster than that for bare representations.
Occurrence and significance of folic acid
Authors: Cieślik Ewa , Cieślik Iwona 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Folic acid is a naturally occurring pteridine, which was originally isolated from plants. Folic acid (pteroyl-glutamic acid) is composed of pteridine (6-methylptero), p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) and glutamic acid. Folic acid (folacin) is a compound of major importance for the proper functioning of the human body. Its adequate supply is essential for the proper course of many biochemical processes in the body, including the process of neural tube closure in the fetus, DNA and amino acid synthesis, growth of red blood cells, and the function of the nervous system. Folic acid is a compound of a high sensitivity to physical and chemical factors, and its bioavailability is limited by interactions with multiple food components. Therefore, folate deficiency is one of the most common deficiencies. This paper presents the structure and characteristics of folic acid as a pteridine, it also discusses dietary sources of folate and the effects of its deficiency.
Could the inhibitor of DNA binding 2 and 4 play a role in white matter injury?
Authors: Gou Xiaoyun , Tang Ying , Qu Yi , Xiao Dongqiong , Ying Junjie , Mu Dezhi 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
White matter injury (WMI) prevents the normal development of myelination, leading to central nervous system myelination disorders and the production of chronic sequelae associated with WMI, such as chronic dyskinesia, cognitive impairment and cerebral palsy. This results in a large emotional and socioeconomic burden. Decreased myelination in preterm infant WMI is associated with the delayed development or destruction of oligodendrocyte (OL) lineage cells, particularly oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs). The development of cells from the OL lineage involves the migration, proliferation and different stages of OL differentiation, finally leading to myelination. A series of complex intrinsic, extrinsic and epigenetic factors regulate the OPC cell cycle withdrawal, OL lineage progression and myelination. We focus on the inhibitor of DNA binding 2 (ID2), because it is widely involved in the different stages of OL differentiation and genesis. ID2 is a key transcription factor for the normal development of OL lineage cells, and the pathogenesis of WMI is closely linked with OL developmental disorders. ID4, another family member of the IDs protein, also plays a similar role in OL differentiation and genesis. ID2 and ID4 belong to the helix-loop-helix family; they lack the DNA-binding sequences and inhibit oligodendrogenesis and OPC differentiation. In this review, we mainly discuss the roles of ID2 in OL development, especially during OPC differentiation, and summarize the ID2-mediated intracellular and extracellular signaling pathways that regulate these processes. We also discuss ID4 in relation to bone morphogenetic protein signaling and oligodendrogenesis. It is likely that these developmental mechanisms are also involved in the myelin repair or remyelination in human neurological diseases.
Investigation of Influence of Drill Geometry and Thrust Force During Drilling of Aluminium 2014 Alloy on Burr Formation Through Design of Experiments and Nueral Network
Authors: Sreenivasulu Reddy , Rao Chalamalasetti Srinivasa 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Drilling is a hole making process on machine components at the time of assembly work, which were identify everywhere. In precise applications quality and accuracy play wide role. Now a day’s industries are suffered by cost incurred during deburring, especially in precise assemblies such as aerospace/aircraft body structures, marine works and automobile industries. Burrs produced during drilling causes dimensional errors, jamming of parts and misalignment. Therefore, deburring operation after drilling is often required. Now, reducing burr size is a burning topic. In this study experiments are conducted by choosing various input parameters selected from previous researchers. Effect of alteration of drill geometry on thrust force and burr size of drilled hole investigated as per taguchi design of experiments and found optimum combination of most significant input parameters from ANOVA to get optimum reduction in burr size by design expert software. Drill thrust influences more on burr size, clearance angle of drill bit causes variation in thrust, burr height observed in this study. Compare these output results with neural network software @easy NN plus. Finally, concluded that increasing the number of nodes increases the computational cost and decreases the error in nueral network. Good agreement was shown between the predictive model results and the experimental responses.
Integration of Management Systems, Synergy of Quality, Knowledge and Risks in Business Management
Authors: Litvaj Ivan , Makarovič Juraj , Bůžek Miloslav 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
This article focuses on modern management systems. It describes the systems in the defined space dealing with the possibility of their integration into one management system. Therefore, the focus is specifically on quality management, risk management, knowledge management. The quality management means customer orientation and fulfillment of requirements, the risk management means risk-based thinking and knowledge management in the business (knowledge management).
On Magnetohydrodynamic Unsteady Flows with Induced Field Over A Stretching Surface
Authors: Ferdows M. , Bangalee M.Z.I , Liu Don 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
The problem of unsteady, incompressible, laminar electrically conducting flow part a continuously stretching surface is investigated based on a time depended length scale. Similarity conditions for the stretching surface flow velocity and induced magnetic field functions are denied. The governing partial differential equations are first transformed to ordinary ones using similarity transformation. The governing system of equation includes the continuity equation, magnetic continuity equation, Maxwell’s equation, momentum equation and magnetic equations. The resulting similarity equation is then obtained through the use of Maple software. Effects of the unsteadiness parameter A, magnetic force parameter β and the reciprocal of the magnetic prandtl number ë on the velocity and magnetic induction functions are displayed graphically.
Review on The Performance of Softened Two-Bit Hard Combination Scheme for Cooperative Spectrum Sensing
Authors: Abdulhamid Mohanad 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
This paper measures the performance of cooperative spectrum sensing, over Rayleigh fading channel and additive white Gaussian noise, based on softened two-bit hard combination scheme. Two measures based on energy detection are considered including effect of false alarm probability, and effect of number of users. Simulation results show that the detection probability increases with the increase of false alarm probability, number of users, and signal-to-noise-ratio.
Kinetics and Kinematics of the Squat and Step-up in Well-Trained Rugby Players
Authors: Appleby Brendyn B. , Newton Robert U. , Cormack Stuart J. 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Appleby, BB, Newton, RU, and Cormack, SJ. Kinetics and kinematics of the squat and step-up in well-trained rugby players. J Strength Cond Res 33(7S): S36–S44, 2019—The purpose of this study was to compare and contrast the kinetics and kinematics of squat and step-up performance in well-trained athletes. Triaxial ground reaction force (GRF) and 3D kinematic data were collected in 4 maximal effort repetitions each at 70, 80, and 90% of 1 repetition maximum (1RM) of squat and step-up. The difference in concentric phase kinetics and kinematics between the squat and step-up was compared using effect sizes (ES ± 90% confidence limits [CLs]) classified as: less than 0.2 as trivial; 0.2–0.6 as small; 0.6–1.2 as moderate; and 1.2–2.0 as large. Where the 90% CL crossed negative and positive 0.2 values, the effect was considered “unclear.n Ground reaction force was higher for the step-up than squat at all relative intensities per leg (peak GRF ES: 2.56 ± 0.19 to 2.70 ± 0.37; average GRF ES: 1.45 ± 0.27 to 1.48 ± 0.29). Per leg, the difference in concentric impulse favored the step-up compared with squat at 70% 1RM (ES = 0.71 ± 0.40) and 80% 1RM (ES = 0.30 ± 0.41) but was unclear at 90% 1RM (ES = −0.25 ± 0.47). The squat peak velocity was greater compared with step-up at all intensities (ES = −1.74 ± 0.48 to −1.33 ± 0.48). Despite a lower external load and a single base of support, per leg, the step-up produced comparable GRF because the squat suggesting overload provided by the step-up is sufficient for maximal strength development. Future research may investigate the efficacy of the step-up in a training intervention for the development of lower-body strength.
Jumping Asymmetries Are Associated With Speed, Change of Direction Speed, and Jump Performance in Elite Academy Soccer Players
Authors: Bishop Chris , Brashill Calum , Abbott Will , Read Paul , Lake Jason , Turner Anthony 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Bishop, C, Brashill, C, Abbott, W, Read, P, Lake, J, and Turner, A. Jumping asymmetries are associated with speed, change of direction speed, and jump performance in elite academy soccer players. J Strength Cond Res 35(7): 1841–1847, 2021—The aim of this study was to establish interlimb asymmetries across different age groups in elite academy male soccer players and to examine any relationships between asymmetry and measures of physical performance. Fifty-one players from an English Premier League soccer academy were split into under-23 (n = 21), under-18 (n = 14), and under-16 (n = 16) groups and performed bilateral and unilateral countermovement jumps, 5-, 10-, and 20-m sprints, and a 505 change of direction speed tests. All tests showed low variability (coefficient of variation ≤ 2.5%) and good to excellent reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.80–0.99). A 1-way analysis of variance showed that the under-23 group was significantly faster than the under-16 group during the 20-m sprint (2.90 vs. 2.98 s; p = 0.02; effect size = 0.94). No other significant differences were present between groups. Interlimb asymmetry was quantified from the single-leg countermovement jump, and no significant differences in the magnitude of asymmetry were present between groups. However, multiple significant correlations were present in each age group between asymmetry and physical performance tests, all of which were indicative of reduced athletic performance. Results from this study show that although interlimb asymmetry scores are comparable across age groups in elite academy soccer players, differences as low as 5% are associated with reduced physical performance during jumping, sprinting, and change of direction speed tasks. This study suggests the importance of monitoring jump height asymmetries in elite academy soccer players.
Acute Effect of a Single Session of Pilates on Blood Pressure and Cardiac Autonomic Control in Middle-Aged Adults With Hypertension
Authors: Rocha Jeferson , Cunha Felipe A. , Cordeiro Ricardo , Monteiro Walace , Pescatello Linda S. , Farinatti Paulo 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Rocha, J, Cunha, FA, Cordeiro, R, Monteiro, W, Pescatello, LS, and Farinatti, P. Acute effect of a single session of Pilates on blood pressure and cardiac autonomic control in middle-aged adults with hypertension. J Strength Cond Res 34(1): 114–123, 2020—We investigated the blood pressure (BP) and heart rate variability (HRV) responses to a single session of Pilates among adults with hypertension. Thirteen participants (7 women), aged 44–66 years, underwent Pilates and nonexercise control sessions separated by 48–72 hours in a randomized counterbalanced order. Blood pressure and HRV indices were simultaneously assessed 10 minutes before and 60 minutes after all sessions in the supine position: root mean square of successive differences (rMSSD), percentage of successive normal sinus RR intervals >50 ms (pNN50), SD of all normal sinus RR intervals over 24 hours (SDNN), and low-frequency (LF) and high-frequency (HF) bands. After an acute session of Pilates, the mean values for area under the curve for systolic BP (p = 0.004, corresponding to −7.4 ± 8.2 mm Hg) and mean arterial pressure (p = 0.023, corresponding to −5.3 ± 5.4 mm Hg) were significantly lower compared to the control session. No significant difference was detected for diastolic BP (−4.2 ± 4.7 mm Hg, p = 0.106). Concomitant to BP reduction, significant lowering of parasympathetic HRV indices occurred: RR intervals (−64.1 ± 69.9 ms·min−1, p = 0.043), rMSSD (−8.3 ± 15.4 ms·min−1, p = 0.013), pNN50 (−3.6 ± 13%·min−1, p = 0.028), and total power (−3,089.4 ± 5,938 m2·min−1, p = 0.037). No difference was found for sympathetic markers: SDNN (−17.7 ± 34.6 ms·min−1, p = 0.100), LF (−5.2 ± 21,6 n.u.·min−1, p = 0.417), and LF:HF ratio (−0.3 ± 5.2 ratio·min−1, p = 0.422). In conclusion, a single session of Pilates reduced BP by ∼5–8 mm Hg in adults with hypertension during the first 60 minutes of post-exercise recovery. Acute BP reduction was concomitant to lowered cardiac parasympathetic activity. Our findings are promising for the use of Pilates as an alternative exercise modality to lower BP.
Assessment of a Novel Algorithm to Determine Change-of-Direction Angles While Running Using Inertial Sensors
Authors: Balloch Aaron S. , Meghji Mahir , Newton Robert U. , Hart Nicolas H. , Weber Jason A. , Ahmad Iftekhar , Habibi Daryoush 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Balloch, AS, Meghji, M, Newton, RU, Hart, NH, Weber, JA, Ahmad, I, and Habibi, D. Assessment of a novel algorithm to determine change-of-direction angles while running using inertial sensors. J Strength Cond Res 34(1): 134–144, 2020—The ability to detect and quantify change-of-direction (COD) movement may offer a unique approach to load-monitoring practice. Validity and reliability of a novel algorithm to calculate COD angles for predetermined COD movements ranging from 45 to 180° in left and right directions was assessed. Five recreationally active men (age: 29.0 ± 0.5 years; height: 181.0 ± 5.6 cm; and body mass: 79.4 ± 5.3 kg) ran 5 consecutive predetermined COD trials each, at 4 different angles (45, 90, 135, and 180°), in each direction. Participants were fitted with a commercially available microtechnology unit where inertial sensor data were extracted and processed using a novel algorithm designed to calculate precise COD angles for direct comparison with a high-speed video (remotely piloted, position-locked aircraft) criterion measure. Validity was assessed using Bland-Altman 95% limits of agreement and mean bias. Reliability was assessed using typical error (expressed as a coefficient of variation [CV]). Concurrent validity was present for most angles. Left: (45° = 43.8 ± 2.0°; 90° = 88.1 ± 2.0°; 135° = 136.3 ± 2.1°; and 180° = 181.8 ± 2.5°) and Right: (45° = 46.3 ± 1.6°; 90° = 91.9 ± 2.2°; 135° = 133.4 ± 2.0°; 180° = 179.2 ± 5.9°). All angles displayed excellent reliability (CV < 5%) while greater mean bias (3.6 ± 5.1°, p < 0.001), weaker limits of agreement, and reduced precision were evident for 180° trials when compared with all other angles. High-level accuracy and reliability when detecting COD angles further advocates the use of inertial sensors to quantify sports-specific movement patterns.
Analysis of Genetic Diversity and Population Structure in Three Forest Musk Deer Captive Populations with Different Origins
Authors: Fan Jiamin , Zheng Xueli , Wang Hongyong , Qi Hong , Jiang Benmo , Qiao Meiping , Zhou Jianwen , Bu Shuhai 
Published: February 2019

AbstractMusk deer (Moschidae), whose secretion is an expensive and irreplaceable component of traditional medicine, have become endangered in the wild due to habitat fragmentation and over-exploitation. In recent years, China has had success in the artificial breeding of forest musk deer, thus relieving the pressure on wild populations. However, many farmed populations are experiencing degradation, and little genetic information is available for conservation management. In this study, we selected 274 individuals from three typical captive populations (originated from the Ta-pa Mountains (Tp), the midrange of the Qinling Mountains (Ql) and the Western Sichuan Plateau (WS), respectively) to evaluate the genetic variations. A total of more than 3.15 billion high-quality clean reads and 4.37 million high-quality SNPs were generated by RAD sequencing. Based on the analysis, we found that captive forest musk deer populations exhibit a relatively low level of genetic diversity. Ql displayed a higher level of genetic diversity than the Tp and WS populations. Tp and WS had experienced population bottlenecks in the past as inferred from the values of Tajima’s D. There were high levels of heterozygote deficiency caused by inbreeding within the three populations. Population structure analysis suggested that the three populations have evolved independently, and a moderate amount of genetic differentiation has developed, although there was a low level of gene flow between the Ql and Tp populations. Furthermore, the average quantities of musk secreted by musk deer in the Tp and WS populations were significantly higher than that in the Ql population. The present genetic information should be considered in management plans for the conservation and utilization of musk deer from captive breeding.
NILAI EKONOMI EKOSISTEM TERUMBU KARANG DI TAMAN WISATA PERAIRAN KAPOPOSANG, SULAWESI SELATAN
Authors: Muliawan Irwan , Firdaus Maulana 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRAK Penilaian terhadap ekosistem pada kawasan konservasi menjadi sangat penting sebagai dasar pertimbangan bagi pengelolaan kawasan konservasi perairan. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menghitung nilai ekonomi ekosistem terumbu karang di Taman Wisata Perairan (TWP) Kapoposang, Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan. Data primer dikumpulkan melalui wawancara terhadap pemanfaat sumber daya; sedangkan data sekunder berupa jumlah populasi pemanfaat (nelayan) di sekitar kawasan, jumlah wisatawan dan luas kawasan dikumpulkan melalui penelusuran literatur dan laporan-laporan yang tersedia. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan teknik valuasi ekonomi sumber daya, yaitu teknik Effect on Production dan Zonal Travel Cost Method. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa nilai manfaat ekonomi ekosistem terumbu karang di TWP Kapoposang adalah sebesar Rp1.698.945.542,-/ha/tahun; sedangkan nilai ekonomi wisata di TWP Kapoposang adalah sebesar Rp467.753.989,-/ha/tahun. Nilai ekonomi manfaat wisata terlihat kontradiksi jika dibandingkan dengan total nilai kesediaan membayar (U) yang dibayarkan oleh pengunjung sebesar Rp2.012,-/pengunjung/tahun, yang mengindikasikan penghargaan pengunjung terhadap sumber daya terumbu karang relatif rendah. Pengembangan pariwisata pada kawasan konservasi khususnya di TWP Kapoposang sangat penting dilakukan agar memberikan dampak atau manfaat ekonomi yang tinggi, sehingga pemanfaatan yang bersifat ekstraksi sumber daya pada kawasan konservasi dapat berkurang. Title: Economic Value Of Coral Reef Ecosystem In The Kapoposang Marine Park Conservation, South SulawesiABSTRACT Assessment of economic value of ecosystems in the conservation areas is very important as a basis for consideration of management marine conservation areas. This study aims to estimate the economic value of coral reef ecosystems in Kapoposang Aquatic Tourism Park, South Sulawesi Province. Primary data was collected through interviews with resource users and secondary data in the form of number of users (fishers) around the area, size of the area itself and number of tourists were collected through literature studies and compiled the available report. Data were analysedusing economic valuation techniques, namely Effect on Production and Zonal Travel Cost Method techniques. Results of the study show that the value of the economic benefits of the coral reef ecosystem in the Kapoposang TWP was IDR 1,698,945,542/ha/year whereas for the tourism in Kapoposang TWP was IDR 467,753,989/ha/year. This values were contradicted with the current amount of money paid by tourist visitors of IDR 2.012/visitor/year of which considered their willingness to pay (U) to the resource. The development of tourism in conservation areas, especially in the Kapoposang TWP, is very important to be carried out in order to provide high economic impact or benefits so that the extraction resources utilization in the conservation areas can be reduced.