bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MiR‐99a‐5p inhibits bladder cancer cell proliferation by directly targeting mammalian target of rapamycin and predicts patient survival
Authors: Liu Yan , Li Bingxun , Yang Xianxu , Zhang Chenglong 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBladder cancer is a common malignancy and miR‐99a‐5p has been reported to be downregulated in bladder cancer, but its function and the underlying mechanism in bladder cancer development remains largely unclear. Here, we report that miR‐99a‐5p expression was decreased in bladder cancer compared with the adjacent normal tissues. Receiver operating characteristic curve revealed that miR‐99a‐5p expression signature had area under curve value of 0.7989 in differing bladder cancer from the adjacent normal tissues. Bladder cancer patients with low expression of miR‐99a‐5p had a poor survival rate. Gain‐of‐function and loss‐of‐function approaches demonstrated that miR‐99a‐5p inhibited bladder cell proliferation and cell cycle. Furthermore, we identified that mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) was a direct target of miR‐99a‐5p and mTOR restore could rescue the proliferative ability of bladder cancer cells. Moreover, miR‐99a‐5p/mTOR axis regulated S6K1 phosphorylation. These suggested that miR‐99a‐5p/mTOR axis might be a therapeutic target for bladder cancer.
Dangerous, depraved, and death‐worthy: A meta‐analysis of the correlates of perceived psychopathy in jury simulation studies
Authors: Kelley Shannon E. , Edens John F. , Mowle Elyse N. , Penson Brittany N. , Rulseh Allison 
Published: December 2018

AbstractObjectivesExperimental research suggests that legal defendants described as psychopathic are generally, although not uniformly, judged more negatively and punitively. Understanding the correlates of perceived psychopathy, regardless of exposure to mental health evidence, is an important step towards clarifying divergent findings.MethodWe conducted a quantitative synthesis of ten juror simulation studies (combined N = 2,980) examining the meta‐analytic association between perceived defendant psychopathy and various psychologically important and legally relevant outcomes.ResultsPerceiving someone as being more psychopathic was associated with viewing that defendant as more dangerous (r
W = 0.31) and evil (
r
W = 0.44). Moreover, perceptions of defendant psychopathy predicted greater support for more adverse consequences in terms of capital sentencing (
r
W = 0.22) and sentence length (
r
W = 0.27), although not perceived treatment amenability (
r
W = 0.09).ConclusionsThese findings highlight the importance of including ratings of perceived psychopathy in experimental designs to identify the circumstances under which psychopathy evidence might prejudicially impact case outcomes.
Characterization and visualization of the liposecretion process taking place during ceiling culture of human mature adipocytes
Authors: Côté Julie Anne , Gauthier Marie‐Frédérique , Ostinelli Giada , Brochu Dannick , Bellmann Kerstin , Marette André , Julien François , Lebel Stéfane , Tchernof André 
Published: December 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate and further characterize the process of mature adipocyte dedifferentiation. Our hypothesis was that dedifferentiation does not involve mitosis but rather a phenomenon of liposecretion.MethodsMature adipocytes were isolated by collagenase digestion of human adipose tissue samples. Ceiling cultures were established using our six‐well plate model. Cells were treated with cytosine β‐d‐arabinofuranoside (AraC) or vincristine (VCR), two agents blocking cell division, and were compared with vehicle. Liposecretion events were visualized by time‐lapse microscopy, with and without AraC in adipocytes transducted with a baculovirus. Microscopic analyses were performed after labeling phosphorylated histone 3 and cyclin B1 in ceiling cultures.ResultsTreatment with AraC almost entirely prevented the formation of fibroblasts up to 12 days of ceiling culture. Similar results were obtained with VCR. The antimitotic effectiveness of the treatment was confirmed in fibroblast cultures from the adipose tissue stromal‐vascular fraction by proliferation assays and colony‐forming unit experiments. Using time‐lapse microscopy, we visualized liposecretion events in which a large lipid droplet was rapidly secreted from isolated mature adipocytes. The same phenomenon was observed with AraC. This was observed in conjunction with histone 3 phosphorylation and cyclin B1 segregation to the nucleus.ConclusionOur results support the notion that dedifferentiation involves rapid secretion of the lipid droplet by the adipocytes with concomitant generation of fibroblast‐like cells that subsequently proliferate to generate the dedifferentiated adipocyte population during ceiling culture. The presence of mitotic markers suggests that this process involves cell cycle progression, although cell division does not occur.
On the (Non‐)equivalency of monopolar and bipolar settings for deep brain stimulation fMRI studies of Parkinson's disease patients
Authors: Hancu Ileana , Boutet Alexandre , Fiveland Eric , Ranjan Manish , Prusik Julia , Dimarzio Marisa , Rashid Tanweer , Ashe Jeffrey , Xu David , Kalia Suneil K. , Hodaie Mojgan , Fasano Alfonso , Kucharczyk Walter , Pilitsis Julie , Lozano Andres , Madhavan Radhika 
Published: December 2018

BackgroundThe majority of Parkinson's disease patients with deep brain stimulation (DBS) use a monopolar configuration, which presents challenges for EEG and MRI studies. The literature reports algorithms to convert monopolar to bipolar settings.Purpose/HypothesisTo assess brain responses of Parkinson's disease patients implanted with DBS during fMRI studies using their clinical and presumed equivalent settings using a published conversion recipe.Study TypeProspective.SubjectsThirteen DBS patients.Field Strength/Sequence1.5T and 3T, fMRI using gradient echo‐planar imaging.AssessmentPatients underwent 30/30sec ON/OFF DBS fMRI scans using monopolar and bipolar settings. To convert to a bipolar setting, the negative contact used for the monopolar configuration remained constant and the adjacent dorsal contact was rendered positive, while increasing the voltage by 30%. fMRI activation/deactivation maps and motor Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS‐III) scores were compared for patients in both configurations.Statistical Tests
T‐tests were used to compare UPDRS scores and volumes of tissue activated (VTA) diameters in monopolar and bipolar configurations.ResultsThe patterns of fMRI activation in the monopolar and bipolar configurations were generally different. The thalamus, pallidum, and visual cortices exhibited higher activation using the patient's clinical settings than the presumed equivalent settings. VTA diameters were lower (7 mm vs. 6.3 mm, P = 0.047) and UPDRS scores were generally higher in the bipolar (33.2 ± 16) than in the monopolar configuration (28.3 ± 17.4), without reaching statistical significance (P > 0.05).Data ConclusionMonopolar and bipolar configurations result in different patterns of brain activation while using a previously published monopolar–bipolar conversion algorithm. Clinical benefits may be achieved with varying patterns of brain responses. Blind conversion from one to the other should be avoided for purposes of understanding the mechanisms of DBS.Level of Evidence: 1Technical Efficacy: Stage 1J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2018.
The evolution and molecular characteristics of H9N2 avian influenza viruses in Jiangxi of China
Authors: Han Le , He Weijun , Yan Huixin , Li Xianglan , Wang Chengmin , Shi Qiumei , Zhou Tiezhong , Dong Guoying 
Published: December 2018

AbstractTo understand the evolution and molecular characteristics of Jiangxi H9N2 viruses, we isolated 17 viruses in 2011 and analyzed their characteristics. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that their hemagglutinin genes originate from JS/1/00‐like sublineage, neuraminidase genes originate from BJ/94‐like sublineage, PB1, PA, NP, and NS genes all come from SH/F/98‐like sublineage, PB2 genes originate from ST/163/04‐like sublineage, while M genes come from G1‐like sublineage. Genotype analysis showed that our isolates were classified as genotype 57. Molecular analyses indicated that our strains contained specific sites characteristic of low‐pathogenic viruses. The current study once again highlights the necessity for continued surveillance of novel H9N2 viruses.
Novel Quantitative Contrast‐Enhanced Ultrasound Detection of Hypoxic Ischemic Injury in Neonates and Infants: Pilot Study 1
Authors: Hwang Misun , Sridharan Anush , Darge Kassa , Riggs Becky , Sehgal Chandra , Flibotte John , Huisman Thierry A. G. M. 
Published: December 2018

ObjectivesTo investigate whether quantitative contrast‐enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) can accurately identify neonates and infants with hypoxic ischemic brain injury.MethodsIn this prospective cohort study, 8 neonates and infants with a suspicion of hypoxic ischemic injury were evaluated with CEUS.ResultsAn interesting trend was observed in the central gray nuclei–to–cortex perfusion ratios. The ratios at the peak enhancement, wash‐in area under the curve, perfusion index, and maximum wash‐in slopes were lower in all of the affected cases compared to the normal group but not statistically significant given the small sample size (P = .0571). Additionally, when the central gray nuclei–to–cortex perfusion ratio was plotted for all time points along the time‐intensity curve, it was observed that the affected cases showed a trend that was qualitatively different from that of the normal cases. In the affected cases, the ratio time‐intensity curves either stayed below 1.0 for the entire enhancement period or reached 1.0 close to peak wash‐in before falling just below 1.0 for the remaining period of enhancement. However, in the unaffected patients, there was a steep wash‐in that crossed the 1.0 threshold and remained above 1.0 for most of the enhancement period.ConclusionsBedside CEUS is an easily obtainable brain‐imaging modality that has the potential to effectively identify infants and neonates with evolving brain injury. A larger prospective study evaluating the correlation between CEUS findings and the reference standard of diffusion‐ and perfusion‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging is needed to establish it as a diagnostic tool.
Long‐term perspectives in aquatic research
Authors: Hampton Stephanie E. , Scheuerell Mark D. , Church Matthew J. , Melack John M. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractLong‐term research provides a unique perspective on environmental processes, dynamics of populations and communities of organisms, and emergent properties of ecosystems. Many key ecological relationships can be obscured in short term studies by common features such as time lags, natural variability, nonlinear relationships, interactive drivers, or relatively slow processes. Aquatic ecosystems have yielded major scientific discoveries through long‐term research, through both observational and experimental studies. These research results have ranged from the detection of multi‐decadal climate oscillation effects on ecosystems to finer‐scale understanding of the trophic and biogeochemical pathways through which nutrient pollution affects water quality. In this special issue of Limnology and Oceanography, the contributing authors demonstrate that—whether designed for the monitoring of managed natural resources, to answer fundamental scientific questions, or both—long‐term research enables researchers to move far beyond their initial questions as unexpected dynamics are revealed over time. With the widespread maturation of long‐term data sets and rapid emergence of new technologies that enhance research capabilities, opportunities for synthesizing knowledge are now creating unprecedented opportunity for scientific discovery that builds on this legacy of long‐term aquatic research.
Fabrication and Application of Highly Stretchable Conductive Fiber‐Based Electrode of Epoxy/NBR Electrospun Fibers Spray‐Coated with AgNW/PU Composites
Authors: Liu Hsin‐Yu , Hsieh Hui‐Ching , Chen Jung‐Yao , Shih Chien‐Chung , Lee Wen‐Ya , Chiang Yun‐Chi , Chen Wen‐Chang 
Published: December 2018

AbstractStretchable fiber‐based electrodes are highly desired for the applications of wearable electronics owing to their good durability, excellent deformability, and easy attachment onto a curved surface in comparison with thin film electrodes. However, it is a critical challenge to fabricate a fiber‐based electrodes with low surface roughness and high conductivity under a large mechanical strain. In this study, the fabrication of stretchable and conductive epoxy/NBR‐20 fiber, spray‐coated with silver nanowire/waterborne polyurethane composite, is demonstrated via the combination of electrospinning and spray‐coating techniques. Such a fiber‐based electrode can maintain low resistance (less than 150 Ω) by stretching up to 40% strain and sustain at 30% strain for 200 stretch/release cycles. The deformable conductive fibers can serve as a promising fiber‐based bottom electrode for resistive memory devices and show volatile DRAM characteristics with an ON/OFF memory ratio of 102.
Consumer Brand Hate: Steam rolling whatever I see
Authors: Kucuk S. Umit 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThis study aims to investigate negative consumer‐brand relationships by developing a “Brand Hate” concept. A hierarchical Brand Hate model is theoretically discussed in light of the psychology and consumer behavior literatures. In Study‐I the Brand Hate concept was tested with two different types of consumer brand haters, true haters, and regular haters. The study found that in the study's proposed multidimensional Brand Hate hierarchy true haters display “Boiling Brand Hate” while regular haters reveal “Seething Brand Hate.” Two additional studies were developed to examine the relationship between consumer personality traits and Brand Hate, exploring which types of consumers are more prone to feel hatred toward targeted brands. Study‐II's findings revealed a relationship between consumers who are high in personality traits of “conscientiousness” and those who Brand Hate. Study‐III's findings indicated that “self‐confident” and “competitive” consumers might also be more prone to feel hatred toward those brands that perform poorly and unethically.
Simultaneous multislice cardiac magnetic resonance fingerprinting using low rank reconstruction
Authors: Hamilton Jesse I. , Jiang Yun , Ma Dan , Chen Yong , Lo Wei‐Ching , Griswold Mark , Seiberlich Nicole 
Published: December 2018

This study introduces a technique for simultaneous multislice (SMS) cardiac magnetic resonance fingerprinting (cMRF), which improves the slice coverage when quantifying myocardial T1, T2, and M0. The single‐slice cMRF pulse sequence was modified to use multiband (MB) RF pulses for SMS imaging. Different RF phase schedules were used to excite each slice, similar to POMP or CAIPIRINHA, which imparts tissues with a distinguishable and slice‐specific magnetization evolution over time. Because of the high net acceleration factor (R = 48 in plane combined with the slice acceleration), images were first reconstructed with a low rank technique before matching data to a dictionary of signal timecourses generated by a Bloch equation simulation. The proposed method was tested in simulations with a numerical relaxation phantom. Phantom and in vivo cardiac scans of 10 healthy volunteers were also performed at 3 T. With single‐slice acquisitions, the mean relaxation times obtained using the low rank cMRF reconstruction agree with reference values. The low rank method improves the precision in T1 and T2 for both single‐slice and SMS cMRF, and it enables the acquisition of maps with fewer artifacts when using SMS cMRF at higher MB factors. With this technique, in vivo cardiac maps were acquired from three slices simultaneously during a breathhold lasting 16 heartbeats. SMS cMRF improves the efficiency and slice coverage of myocardial T1 and T2 mapping compared with both single‐slice cMRF and conventional cardiac mapping sequences. Thus, this technique is a first step toward whole‐heart simultaneous T1 and T2 quantification with cMRF.
Minimum‐risk routing through a mapped minefield
Authors: Richards Christopher , Odom Christopher , Morton David , Newman Alexandra 
Published: December 2018

AbstractWe embed a directed graph G(V, E) in a representation of a naval minefield; vertices V represent waypoints and edges E denote possible segments for ship transit. A new model identifies a simple s‐t path through the minefield that minimizes the risk of incurring unacceptable damage from threats, that is, mine detonations. Traditional “edge‐additive” models rely on shortest‐path algorithms that over‐accumulate risk along a path. Our “threat‐additive” approach accumulates risk based upon the path's closest point of approach to each mine. We formulate and solve this model (1) using an integer program (IP) and its stronger variant, and (2) via an A* search algorithm. Preprocessing routines are key to reducing run times. We investigate the relative merits, both with respect to solution quality and requisite computational effort, of two types of graphs, one based on a rectilinear scheme and one based on Voronoi diagrams. We find that graphs based on Voronoi diagrams provide higher quality solutions with less computational effort, and that the A* search procedure requires less computational effort than solving instances of our models as IPs.
Deep convolutional neural networks for eigenvalue problems in mechanics
Authors: Finol David , Lu Yan , Mahadevan Vijay , Srivastava Ankit 
Published: December 2018

SummaryWe show that deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) can massively outperform traditional densely connected neural networks (NNs) (both deep or shallow) in predicting eigenvalue problems in mechanics. In this sense, we strike out in a new direction in mechanics computations with strongly predictive NNs whose success depends not only on architectures being deep but also being fundamentally different from the widely used to date. We consider a model problem: predicting the eigenvalues of one‐dimensional (1D) and two‐dimensional (2D) phononic crystals. For the 1D case, the optimal CNN architecture reaches 98% accuracy level on unseen data when trained with just 20 000 samples, compared to 85% accuracy even with 100 000 samples for the typical network of choice in mechanics research. We show that, with relatively high data efficiency, CNNs have the capability to generalize well and automatically learn deep symmetry operations, easily extending to higher dimensions and our 2D case. Most importantly, we show how CNNs can naturally represent mechanical material tensors, with its convolution kernels serving as local receptive fields, which is a natural representation of mechanical response. Strategies proposed are applicable to other mechanics' problems and may, in the future, be used to sidestep cumbersome algorithms with purely data‐driven approaches based upon modern deep architectures.
Flow‐cytometric minimal residual disease monitoring in blood predicts relapse risk in pediatric B‐cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia in trial AIEOP‐BFM‐ALL 2000
Authors: Schumich Angela , Maurer‐Granofszky Margarita , Attarbaschi Andishe , Pötschger Ulrike , Buldini Barbara , Gaipa Giuseppe , Karawajew Leonid , Printz Dieter , Ratei Richard , Conter Valentino , Schrappe Martin , Mann Georg , Basso Giuseppe , Dworzak Michael N. ,   AIEOP‐BFM‐ALL‐FLOW‐Study Group
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundFlow‐cytometric monitoring of minimal residual disease (MRD) in bone marrow (BM) during induction of pediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is widely used for outcome prognostication and treatment stratification. Utilizing peripheral blood (PB) instead of BM might be favorable, but data on its usefulness are scarce.ProcedureWe investigated 1303 PB samples (days 0, 8, 15, 33, and 52) and 285 BMs (day 15) from 288 pediatric ALL patients treated in trial AIEOP‐BFM ALL 2000. MRD was assessed by four‐color flow cytometry and evaluated as relative, absolute, and kinetic result.ResultsIn B‐ALL only, PB measures from early time points correlated with relapse incidence (CIR). Best separation occurred at threshold <1 blast/μL at day 8 (5‐year CIR 0.02 ± 0.02 vs 0.12 ± 0.03;P = 0.044). Patients with highest relapse risk were not distinguishable, but PB‐MRD at days 33 and 52 correlated with prednisone response and postinduction BM‐MRD by PCR (P < 0.001). Kinetic assessment did not convey any advantage. In multivariate analysis including day 15 BM‐MRD, PB‐MRD measures lost statistical power.ConclusionsIn summary, PB‐MRD in pediatric B‐ALL correlates with outcome and risk parameters, but its prognostic significance is not strong enough to substitute for BM assessment in AIEOP‐BFM trials. It might, however, be valuable in treatment environments not using multifaceted risk stratification with other MRD measures.
Photocrosslinkable chitosan hydrogels and their biomedical applications
Authors: Pei Minjie , Mao Jun , Xu Weilin , Zhou Yingshan , Xiao Pu 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACTChitosan is a bioactive macromolecule with a wide variety of applications due to its excellent biological properties such as biodegradability, biocompatibility, and antibacterial activity, and so forth. This highlight focuses on the preparation of photoactive chitosans, the formation of photocrosslinkable chitosan hydrogels, and the related photopolymerization mechanisms. Moreover, the great potential applications of photocrosslinkable chitosan hydrogels for human tissues are also discussed. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2019, 57, 1862–1871
Continuous Synthesis of Cyclohexene Oxide in a Micro‐FlowSystem
Authors: Zhou Yu , He Wei , Fang Zheng , Guo Kai 
Published: December 2018

AbstractEpoxidation reaction catalyzed by dicyclohexylcarbodiimide(DCC) was realized in a microflow system, resulting in cyclohexene oxide with high yields. In this study, the epoxidation process of cyclohexene in MFS was investigated in detail. The optimal yield was obtained in such conditions: temperature 80°C, residence time 12 min, catalyst concentration 3%, ratio of cyclohexene to UHP 1:8. Basic additions played an important role in the collapse of adducts.
Concise Review: Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Human Pluripotent Cells, an Unlimited and Quality-Controllable Source for Therapeutic Applications
Authors: Jiang Bin , Yan Li , Wang Xiaoyan , Li Enqin , Murphy Kyle , Vaccaro Kyle , Li Yingcui , Xu Ren-He 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Despite the long discrepancy over their definition, heterogeneity, and functions, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have proved to be a key player in tissue repair and homeostasis. Generally, somatic tissue-derived MSCs (st-MSCs) are subject to quality variations related to donated samples and biosafety concern for transmission of potential pathogens from the donors. In contrast, human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) are unlimited in supply, clear in the biological background, and convenient for quality control, genetic modification, and scale-up production. We, and others, have shown that hPSCs can differentiate in two dimensions or three dimensions to MSCs (ps-MSCs) via embryonic (mesoderm and neural crest) or extraembryonic (trophoblast) cell types under serum-containing or xeno-free and defined conditions. Compared to st-MSCs, ps-MSCs appear less mature, proliferate faster, express lower levels of inflammatory cytokines, and respond less to traditional protocols for st-MSC differentiation to other cell types, especially adipocytes. Nevertheless, ps-MSCs are capable of immune modulation and treatment of an increasing number of animal disease models via mitochondria transfer, paracrine, exosomes, and direct differentiation, and can be potentially used as a universal and endless therapy for clinical application. This review summarizes the progress on ps-MSCs and discusses perspectives and challenges for their potential translation to the clinic. Stem Cells 2019;37:572–581