bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cancer is not associated with higher short or long-term mortality after successful resuscitation from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest when adjusting for prognostic factors
Authors: Winther-Jensen Matilde , Kjaergaard Jesper , Hassager Christian , Køber Lars , Lippert Freddy , Søholm Helle 
Published: August 2018

Objective:
As the prevalence of malignancies in the general population increases, the odds of an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patient having a history of cancer likewise increases, and the impact on post-cardiac arrest care and mortality is not well known. We aimed to investigate 30-day and 1-year mortality after successful resuscitation in patients with cancer prior to OHCA compared with OHCA patients without a previous cancer diagnosis.

Methods:
A cohort of 993 consecutive OHCA patients with successful resuscitation during 2007–2011 was included. Vital status was obtained from the Danish Civil Register, and cancer diagnoses from the Danish National Patient Register dating back to 1994. Primary endpoints were 30-day, 1-year and long-term mortality (no cancer: mean 811 days; cancer: mean 406 days), analysed by Cox regression. Functional status assessed by cerebral performance category at discharge and use of post-resuscitation care were secondary endpoints.

Results:
A total of 119 patients (12%) were diagnosed with cancer prior to OHCA. Mortality was higher in patients with cancer (30-day 69% vs. 58%, P=0.01); however, after adjustment for prognostic factors cancer was no longer associated with higher mortality (hazard ratio (HR)30 days 0.98, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.76–1.27, P=0.88; HR1 year 0.99, 95% CI 0.78–1.27, P=0.96 HRend of follow-up 0.95, 95% CI 0.75–1.20, P=0.67). Favourable cerebral performance category scores in patients alive at discharge did not differ (cerebral performance category 1 or 2 n=310 (84%) vs. n=31 (84%), P=1).

Conclusion:
Cancer prior to OHCA was not associated with higher mortality in patients successfully resuscitated from OHCA when adjusting for confounders. Cancer prior to OHCA should be used with caution when performing prognostication after OHCA.
Structural, mechanical and Raman spectroscopic characterization of the layered uranyl silicate mineral, uranophane-α, by density functional theory methods
Authors: Colmenero Francisco , Timón Vicente , Bonales Laura J. , Cobos Joaquín 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACTThe layered uranyl silicate clay-like mineral, uranophane-α, Ca(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2·5H2O, was studied by first-principles calculations based on the density functional theory method. The structure, observed in nature in a wide variety of compounds having the uranophane sheet anion topology, is confirmed here for the first time by means of rigorous theoretical solid-state calculations. The computed lattice parameters, bond lengths and bond angles were in very good agreement with the experimental ones, and the calculated X-ray powder trace accurately reproduced its experimental counterpart. The mechanical properties of uranophane-α, for which there are no experimental data for terms of comparison, were determined, and the satisfaction of the mechanical stability Born conditions of the structure was demonstrated by calculations of the elasticity tensor. The Raman spectrum was computed by the density functional perturbation theory and compared with the experimental spectrum. The vibrational properties of this mineral were well characterized, showing a good performance in all of the studied spectral range. Theoretical methods allowed assignment of the Raman bands to vibrations localized in different fragments within the crystal unit cell. Finally, the possibility of incorporation of strontium inside the uranophane structure was studied. The computed structure, X-ray powder trace and Raman spectrum of Sr-exchanged uranophane were very close to those of the ordinary Ca-uranophane.
Formation of 53BP1 foci and ATM activation under oxidative stress is facilitated by RNA:DNA hybrids and loss of ATM-53BP1 expression promotes photoreceptor cell survival in mice
Authors: Bhatia Vaibhav , Valdés-Sánchez Lourdes , Rodriguez-Martinez Daniel , Bhattacharya Shom Shankar 
Published: August 2018

Background: Photoreceptors, light-sensing neurons in retina, are central to vision. Photoreceptor cell death (PCD) is observed in most inherited and acquired retinal dystrophies. But the underlying molecular mechanism of PCD is unclear. Photoreceptors are sturdy neurons that survive high oxidative and phototoxic stress, which are known threats to genome stability. Unexpectedly, DNA damage response in mice photoreceptors is compromised; mainly due to loss of crucial DNA repair proteins, ATM and 53BP1. We tried to understand the molecular function of ATM and 53BP1 in response to oxidative stress and how suppression of DNA repair response in mice retina affect photoreceptor cell survival. Methods: We use the state of art cell biology methods and structure-function analysis of mice retina. RNA:DNA hybrids (S9.6 antibody and Hybrid-binding domain of RNaseH1) and DNA repair foci (gH2AX and 53BP1) are quantified by confocal microscopy, in retinal sections and cultured cell lines. Oxidative stress, DNA double strand break, RNaseH1 expression and small-molecule kinase-inhibitors were used to understand the role of ATM and RNA:DNA hybrids in DNA repair. Lastly, retinal structure and function of ATM deficient mice, in Retinal degeneration 1 (Pde6brd1) background, is studied using Immunohistochemistry and Electroretinography. Results: Our work has three novel findings: firstly, both human and mice photoreceptor cells specifically accumulate RNA:DNA hybrids, a structure formed by re-hybridization of nascent RNA with template DNA during transcription. Secondly, RNA:DNA-hybrids promote ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) activation during oxidative stress and 53BP1-foci formation during downstream DNA repair process. Thirdly, loss of ATM -in murine photoreceptors- protract DNA repair but also promote their survival. Conclusions: We propose that due to high oxidative stress and accumulation of RNA:DNA-hybrids in photoreceptors, expression of ATM is tightly regulated to prevent PCD. Inefficient regulation of ATM expression could be central to PCD and inhibition of ATM-activation could suppress PCD in retinal dystrophy patients.
Assessing the feasibility of mobilisation of C0–C3 cervical segments to reduce headache in migraineurs
Authors: Davidson Ian , Crooks Kathryn , Newington Lisa , Pilling Mark , Todd Christopher 
Published: August 2018

Background: Migraine headache poses a major public health problem. Pharmacological treatment is the most common management strategy, however patients are increasingly seeking alternative treatments. The Watson Headache® Approach (targeted and sustained non-manipulative mobilisation on C0–C3) is used to reduce headache symptoms and provide sustained relief. This research aimed to assess this approach as a treatment strategy for migraine headache and to provide data to inform a subsequent randomised controlled trial. Methods: One-hundred-and-one migraineurs were randomised to either the ‘treat now’ (n=54) or ‘wait list’ (n=47) group. Physiotherapists trained in the approach provided the intervention. Participants received six sessions. Outcome data were collected as a headache diary, including: headache score, headache days, headache duration, pain and medication use. Follow up was immediately post treatment (FU0) and at 3 (FU3), 6 (FU6) and 12 months (FU12). Results: Between-group analysis found no difference between the wait list group at baseline 2 and the treat now group at FU0 for any of the variables of interest. Within-group analysis found that after treatment participants experienced a reduction in headache intensity (P=0.007) and duration (P<0.001), had fewer headache days/28 days (P<0.001), hours of severe migraine headache (P<0.001) and used 20% fewer medications compared with before treatment (P<0.001). Conclusion: The Watson Headache® Approach shows promise as a potential strategy for migraine management, however further work is required to assess the efficacy of this technique in a larger, randomised placebo-controlled trial. Future studies should aim to identify those most likely to benefit from treatment and who may be at risk of potential adverse event.
Validation of the Behavioural Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire-2 for adults with chronic musculoskeletal pain
Authors: Brooks Jessica M , Kaya Cahit , Chan Fong , Thompson Kerry , Sánchez Jennifer , Cotton Brandi Parker , Fortuna Karen 
Published: August 2018

Background/Aims: The Behavioural Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire-2 (BREQ-2) has demonstrated reliability and validity in the general population; yet the psychometric properties have not been tested among rehabilitation populations, such as persons experiencing chronic musculoskeletal pain. The objective of the current study was to examine the factorial structure and psychometric properties of the BREQ-2 in a sample of adults with chronic musculoskeletal pain. Methods: Adults with chronic musculoskeletal pain (n=211) were recruited from clinical and community networks in the United States. Data were collected using a cross-sectional online survey and analysed using confirmatory factor analysis, multiple indicators multiple causes analysis, and correlational techniques. Participants completed the BREQ-2 and other measures relevant to self-determination theory, including outcome expectancies, self-efficacy and family and friend support for physical activity and exercise. Findings: Results indicated the intercorrelated model fit the data well. The five factors of amotivation, external regulation, introjected regulation, identified regulation and intrinsic regulation toward physical activity and exercise demonstrated good reliability and construct validity. Conclusions: This study provides evidence of factorial and construct validity for the BREQ-2 among people with chronic musculoskeletal pain. Implications for rehabilitation practitioners and researchers are discussed.
Educating mental health staff in sensory approaches using an e-learning package: a 3-month follow-up
Authors: Meredith Pamela , Hutchens Sarah , Kerley Lachlan , Taylor Michelle , Slattery Maddy 
Published: August 2018

Background/Aims: Emerging evidence suggests that people with mental illness report improved emotional regulation through the use of sensory approaches; however, incorporating sensory approaches into clinical practice requires training. While use of a sensory approaches e-learning training package has revealed short-term improvements in staff knowledge, confidence and attitudes towards sensory approaches, the preservation of these changes over time has not been investigated. Methods: A multi-method longitudinal survey design was used. Data were collected pre-, post- and 3-months after participants completed a sensory approaches e-learning package. Surveys included multiple-choice questions, a Knowledge, Confidence and Attitudes Scale, and questions regarding the implementation of sensory approaches. Findings: Three months following course completion, participant scores on knowledge (actual and perceived), confidence and attitudes about sensory approaches had decreased slightly from scores immediately after training; however, perceived knowledge and confidence remained significantly higher than pre-training. Most participants reported that they were implementing more sensory approaches 3 months after completion of the package. Key barriers to the implementation of sensory approaches were staff roles and time/resources. Conclusions: This study revealed sustained improvements in clinician confidence and knowledge following completion of the package and identified factors influencing implementation. Findings highlight the need for continued educational support and workplace changes to increase the inclusion of sensory approaches in clinical practice.
Discovery and Validation of Salivary Extracellular RNA Biomarkers for Noninvasive Detection of Gastric Cancer
Authors: Li Feng , Yoshizawa Janice M , Kim Kyoung-Mee , Kanjanapangka Julie , Grogan Tristan R , Wang Xiaoyan , Elashoff David E , Ishikawa Shigeo , Chia David , Liao Wei , Akin David , Yan Xinmin , Lee Min-Sun , Choi Rayun , Kim Su-Mi , Kang So-Young , Bae Jae-Moon , Sohn Tae-Sung , Lee Jun-Ho , Choi Min-Gew , Min Byung-Hoon , Lee Jun-Haeng , Kim Jae J , Kim Yong , Kim Sung , Wong David T W 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDBiomarkers are needed for noninvasive early detection of gastric cancer (GC). We investigated salivary extracellular RNA (exRNA) biomarkers as potential clinical evaluation tools for GC.METHODSUnstimulated whole saliva samples were prospectively collected from 294 individuals (163 GC and 131 non-GC patients) who underwent endoscopic evaluation at the Samsung Medical Center in Korea. Salivary transcriptomes of 63 GC and 31 non-GC patients were profiled, and mRNA biomarker candidates were verified with reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR). In parallel, microRNA (miRNA) biomarkers were profiled and verified with saliva samples from 10 GC and 10 non-GC patients. Candidate biomarkers were validated with RT-qPCR in an independent cohort of 100/100 saliva samples from GC and non-GC patients. Validated individual markers were configured into a best performance panel.RESULTSWe identified 30 mRNA and 15 miRNA candidates whose expression pattern associated with the presence of GC. Among them, 12 mRNA and 6 miRNA candidates were verified with the discovery cohort by RT-qPCR and further validated with the independent cohort (n = 200). The configured biomarker panel consisted of 3 mRNAs (SPINK7, PPL, and SEMA4B) and 2 miRNAs (MIR140-5p and MIR301a), which were all significantly down-regulated in the GC group, and yielded an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.81 (95% CI, 0.72–0.89). When combined with demographic factors, the AUC of the biomarker panel reached 0.87 (95% CI, 0.80–0.93).CONCLUSIONSWe have discovered and validated a panel of salivary exRNA biomarkers with credible clinical performance for the detection of GC. Our study demonstrates the potential utility of salivary exRNA biomarkers in screening and risk assessment for GC.
Working in half-scale for economy, efficiency and environmental sustainability
Authors: Hewitt Jema 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
I made a conscious decision when starting my MA in creative pattern cutting to work in half-scale. Initially, I just wanted freedom to explore a wide variety of techniques quickly, effectively and without spending a fortune on fabrics that, in all probability, would just be disposed of afterwards. But, through my journey, I discovered so much more to this way of working.
Micro and macro approaches to sustainability in fashion and design
Authors: Lin Dian-Jen 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
What is sustainability? How do we define and approach sustainable practices? How is sustainability perceived in the context of fashion? In the current fashion industry, terms like ‘organic’ or ‘recycled’ materials are often referred to as indicators for sustainable practices. However, is this the future of sustainability in fashion? If we take one step back from the fashion world and look at how sustainable practices are pursued in other contexts, we can easily discover a blind spot that is hardly mentioned or attempted in the fashion context.
Designing a sustainable brand strategy for the fashion industry
Authors: Moorhouse Debbie , Moorhouse Danielle 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Fashion is widely considered the second most destructive industry to the environment, with a global supply chain employing 58 million people worldwide. During the period of 2000–14, clothing production increased by 50 per cent, as fast-fashion evolved and the luxury sector ascended. Recently, a number of high-profile fashion designers are taking the decision to consciously depart from the constraints of the seasonal fashion calendar, enabling them to reconnect with the creative process, focusing on quality and customer experience. ‘With fashion there is too much fear, not enough time, and not enough love’ (Elbaz 2017). While sustainable fashion has often been considered a consumer-led movement, which brands have been pressured to act upon, it is important that businesses demonstrate social responsibility through a collaborative approach incorporating design, innovation, technology and communication to successfully create desirable sustainable products with integrity. With constant news updates as a result of technology and the overriding competitiveness of social media, brands need to design and launch unique products that attract attention. This article will explore the connection between sustainable design and brand identity in relation to the fashion industry. The article will identify economic and commercial business opportunities, incorporating how combining sustainable design principles with communicative story telling provides additional emotional value for both designer and consumer, and aligning brands with social and environmental issues that are directly related to the products they are selling.
Mixing as a performance: Educating tertiary students in the art of playing audio equipment whilst mixing popular music
Authors: Anthony Brendan 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The development of technology and popular music production creative practice are forever interrelated; following the introduction of digital technology there have been significant changes in the way popular musicians mix their music. Analogue eras culminated in pre-automation days with mixers manipulating tactile devices like pots and faders on analogue consoles in a manner akin to that of a performance. During this process many mixers would use the studio as an instrument to craft a mix. However, the Digital Audio Workstation has made mixing a more computer-based practice, which perhaps involves different performance practices than in decades past. This article intends to re-position the current understanding of mixing as a performance and presents a case study of a working higher education pedagogical framework for teaching mixing as a performance. Therefore, this article is intended as a pedagogical starting point for popular music creative practice in higher education.
Rock god or game guru: Using Rocksmith to learn to play a guitar
Authors: Graham Kevin , Schofield Damian 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Multiple studies were undertaken to investigate the effectiveness of the video game Rocksmith (Ubisoft, 2011) as a learning tool, specifically assessing whether players actually learn to play the guitar while playing the game. The study also examines player motivations and attempts to understand the reasons different players spent time playing the game. One of the stated purposes of the Rocksmith video game is to teach users how to play the guitar, and a number of claims have been made of the effectiveness of this game as a musical training system with little empirical evidence to back up these claims. A number of experiments and user tests were administered in order to improve understanding of how the game educates its users and improves their skill levels when playing an electric guitar. The type of experience the users expected and experienced within the Rocksmith game was also investigated. By structuring the study in a way that allowed the users to have freedom of choice in the testing process, it was anticipated that an experience that felt natural to the participant would occur.
Screening and evaluation of upland rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties in inundated soil
Authors: Adigbo Sunday Ojo , Osadebay Philip Joseph , Iseghohi Innocent , Alarima Cornelius Idowu , Agbenin Nnennaya Ogechi , Odedina Joy Nwakaego , Fabunmi Thomas Oladeji 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Poor germination and subsequent low grain yield of dry seeded upland rice in the existing anaerobic and short niche between lowland rice and dry season crops in the inland valley necessitate the screening of 19 rice varieties. The identification of vigorous growth and short duration upland rice variety in anaerobic condition would optimize this niche. The potted experiment was carried out in the screen house of the Department of Crop Science and Horticulture, Federal University Oye-Ekiti, Ikole campus in 2015 to screen and evaluate the performance of upland rice varieties in inundated soils with a view to selecting the suitable variety or varieties that will fit into the existing niche in the inland valley. The experiment was laid in a complete randomization design and replicated three times. The number of leaves, biomass and grain weight plant−1 of the varieties were significantly (P ≤ 0.05 %) different. The number of tillers observed in WAB 56-104, NERICA 4, NERICA 6, NERICA 3, NERICA 5, NERICA 10, NERICA 9, ARICA 4 NERICA 1, FARO 63, FARO 65 and NERICA 8 varieties were significantly (P < 0.05) lower than those of Igbemo varieties. The numbers of days to 50 % flowering of NERICA 1, NERICA 2, NERICA 10, NERICA 5, NERICA 9, NERICA 3, NERICA 7, NERICA 8, ARICA 4 and WAB 56-104 varieties were the lowest. Although Igbemo brown, Igbemo white varieties had the highest grain yields per plant, their maturity period exceeded the short period. Thus, NERICA 2 and NERICA 5 varieties which had lower number of days to flowering could be considered as candidate varieties that can be optimized in the niche in question.
Improved alarm flood analysis by cluster identification and alarm assignment
Authors: El Sakka Feras , Bloch Henry , Kinghorst Jakob , Fahimi Pirehgalin Mina , Fay Alexander , Vogel-Heuser Birgit 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Alarm analysis aims to group similar and frequently occurring alarm sequences in alarm clusters. These clusters are so far identified by data-driven approaches based on the historical alarm data. To improve the alarm analysis, especially the handling of alarm floods, additional information can be integrated into state of the art alarm analysis approaches. This additional information consists of plant and process information, which improves the identification and detection of alarm clusters. Information such as neighborly relations of alarm sources or the heat transmission between two not directly connected alarm sources, improve the identification of alarm clusters. The handling of unknown alarms, which occur during runtime, and the assignment to known alarms and additionally to identified alarm clusters can be supported by process and plant information as well. Based on the combination of alarm analysis approaches and the evaluation of process and plant information, it seems feasible to identify causal coherent alarms within alarm floods. This improvement supports the plant operator to handle the abnormal situation by a reduction of the occurring alarms and information about the causal relations between alarms.
Methods for Different Orders Stresses Estimation with Diffraction Methods
Authors: Gadalińska Elżbieta 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The publication describes how diffraction methods and mathematical bases can be used for measurement of various types of stresses in single-phase and multiphase materials. Firstly, the paper defines the stresses and classifies them from the scale of their interactions point of view. Subsequently, the phenomenon of radiation diffraction on the crystalline lattice is presented including formulas describing this phenomenon and the dependencies enabling stress measurements. The key part of the paper is the description of one of the second order stress estimation methods based on diffraction data and a self-consistent model.