bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of microRNA‐1271 on ovarian cancer via inhibition of epithelial‐mesenchymal transition and cisplatin resistance
Authors: Chen Yanyan , Wang Li , Zhou Jiefang 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAimEfficacy of platinum based‐chemotherapy is limited by cisplatin (DDP) resistance, however, the underlying mechanism of cisplatin resistance remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the role of miR‐1271 in cisplatin‐resistant ovarian cancer cells.MethodsTransfection of miR‐1271 mimic and inhibitor was performed to study the role of miR‐1271 in ovarian cancer. Cell viability was assessed by Cell Counting Kit (CCK)‐8 assay. Flow cytometry was used to determine the apoptosis rates. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) and Western blot were used to detect mRNA and protein expressions. Target predicted by Targetscan7.2 was confirmed by dual‐luciferase activity assay. Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) siRNA (simTOR) co‐transfection was performed to verify the role of mTOR in the suppression effect of miR‐1271 on ovarian cancer.ResultsIn SKOV3 cells, miR‐1271 overexpression significantly decreased cell viability and up‐regulated apoptosis rate (from 5.54% of control to 24.03%). MiR‐1271 adversely affected SKOV3 cell migration and invasion, and induced the upregulation of E‐cadherin and downregulation of N‐cadherin and alpha‐smooth muscle actin (α‐SMA). Moreover, SKOV3/DDP cells had a lower miR‐1271 level, and enhancing miR‐1271 contributed strongly to cisplatin‐induced apoptosis through altering the expressions of B‐cell lymphoma‐2 associated X protein (BAX), cleaved caspase‐3 and B‐cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl‐2). In contrast, the opposite result was observed in miR‐1271 inhibitor. mTOR was identified to be a target of miR‐1271. SimTOR partially reversed the increased cell viability under the effect of miR‐1271 inhibitor.ConclusionOur data indicate that miR‐1271 can inhibit the ovarian cancer epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) and sensitize resistant cells to cisplatin‐induced apoptosis through blocking mTOR expression.
Psychophysiological Stress Responses to Bicultural and Biracial Identity Denial
Authors: Albuja Analia F. , Gaither Sarah E. , Sanchez Diana T. , Straka Brenda , Cipollina Rebecca 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBicultural and biracial individuals (those who identify either with two cultures or two races) are often denied membership in the groups with which they identify, an experience referred to as identity denial. The present studies used an experimental design to test the effects of identity denial on physiological and self‐reported stress, and naturalistic behavioral responses in a controlled laboratory setting for both bicultural (Study 1; N = 126) and biracial (Study 2; N = 119) individuals. The results suggest that compared to an identity‐irrelevant denial, bicultural participants who were denied their American identity and Minority/White biracial individuals who were denied their White identity reported greater stress and were more likely to verbally reassert their identity. Bicultural participants also demonstrated slower cortisol recovery compared to those in the identity‐irrelevant denial condition. The results are the first to highlight the negative physical health consequences of identity denial using an experimental design for both bicultural and biracial populations, underscoring the necessity to promote belongingness and acceptance.
Health‐Risk Behaviors and Protective Factors Among Adolescents in Rural British Columbia
Authors: Géczy István , Saewyc Elizabeth M. , Poon Colleen S. , Homma Yuko 
Published: August 2019

AbstractPurposeThis study explores the relationship between rural residency, selected protective factors (family and school connectedness along with prosocial peer attitudes), and health‐compromising behaviors (alcohol and tobacco use and nonuse of seatbelt) among adolescents.MethodsA subsample of adolescents residing in remote areas was extracted from a province‐wide, school‐based survey in British Columbia (BC), Canada (weighted N = 2,999). We employed χ2 statistic to test rural‐urban differences separately by gender. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the relationship between protective factors and behaviors compromising health.FindingsIn boys, rural residency was associated with multiple problem behaviors (binge drinking, smokeless tobacco use, and nonuse of seatbelt), whereas for girls it was linked to riding without a seatbelt. The final logistic regression models confirmed that rural environment was a significant risk factor for not wearing a seatbelt among both boys and girls, and smokeless tobacco among boys (adjusted odds ratio between 1.44 and 3.05). Rurality, on the other hand, did not predict binge drinking. Logistic regression analyses also revealed that both school connectedness and prosocial peer attitude protected boys against binge drinking and smokeless tobacco, but the results were not as robust for girls.ConclusionsThese findings could provide information for location‐based intervention efforts promoting adolescent health, highlighting the protective role of the school atmosphere and prosocial peer relationships, especially among boys.
Changes in the oxidative stress factors and inflammatory proteins following the treatment of BPH‐induced dogs with an anti‐proliferative agent called tadalafil
Authors: Dearakhshandeh Nooshin , Mogheiseh Asghar , Nazifi Saeed , Ahrari Khafi Mohammad Saeed , Abbaszadeh Hasiri Mohammad , Golchin‐Rad Kamran 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundFinding a medical treatment which can combat cell proliferation and relax smooth muscles in canine benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) appears to be imperative.AimsThis study aimed to evaluate the oxidative stress and inflammatory proteins following the treatment of dogs induced for BPH with an anti‐proliferative agent called tadalafil.Materials and MethodsTwenty‐five adult intact male dogs were randomly designated into five groups (n = 5): Control group was not induced for BPH and not treated with tadalafil; dogs induced for BPH by testosterone enanthate and estradiol benzoate and treated with tadalafil (5 mg/day P.O.); dogs which received tadalafil (5 mg/day P.O.); dogs induced for BPH and treated with castration; and dogs induced for BPH. Oxidative stress factors (glutathione peroxidase [GPX], superoxide dismutase [SOD], catalase) and inflammatory proteins (haptoglobin, serum amyloid A [SAA], malondialdehyde [MDA]) were measured in the blood serum for four sequential weeks.ResultsGlutathione peroxidase and SOD serum levels declined in dogs in the BPH‐induced group compared to those in the control group. Those levels diminished in BPH‐induced castrated and tadalafil‐treated groups. The changes in the GPX and SOD serum concentrations were not significant between the BPH‐induced castrated group and BPH‐induced tadalafil‐treated group. Moreover, MDA concentration increased slightly in groups with BPH and groups which were castrated. Generally, however, there were no significant differences in the MDA serum concentrations between other groups. Haptoglobin and SAA concentrations increased in BPH‐castrated group. Also, the differences in haptoglobin and SAA were not significant between the groups.ConclusionTadalafil could not control oxidative stress and inflammatory mediators which happened during BPH in dogs.
Competition among functional groups increases asynchrony of their temporal fluctuations in a temperate grassland
Authors: Lepš Jan , Šmilauerová Marie , Šmilauer Petr 
Published: August 2019

AbstractQuestionsWe asked whether the competition among community components (a) destabilizes individual components; (b) increases the asynchrony of their fluctuations; and (c) stabilizes the total community biomass.LocationSeminatural meadow in South Bohemia, Czech Republic.MethodsWe used biomass fluctuation data from a 13‐year removal experiment. The plots used for this study contained, following experimental removal of other species, either mycorrhizal grasses only, mycorrhizal forbs only, or their mixture (grass “monocultures”, forb “monocultures”, and mixtures, respectively). Yearly peak aboveground biomass was available from ten blocks; biomass of the mixture plots was sorted into forbs and grasses. Temporal variability was characterized by coefficient of variation (CV) and synchrony by correlation coefficient, both calculated from the time series data.ResultsThe variability of grass monocultures was higher than the variability of forb monocultures, which was slightly lower than the variability of mixtures. The variability of both grasses and forbs was higher in the mixture, where they are in competition with the other group, than in each of their respective monocultures. The correlation coefficients between the biomass of grass and forb monocultures within blocks were mostly positive, indicating that both groups tend to have similar physiological responses to weather fluctuations. The average correlation coefficient between the forbs and grasses in the mixture plots was significantly negative, thus reflecting the effect of competition between these two community components. The CV of the sum of forb and grass monocultures was similar to the CV of mixture plots.ConclusionsOnly competition between grasses and forbs leads to their negative mutual correlation, i.e., to compensatory dynamics. Our results support the hypothesis that competition has a destabilizing effect on individual community components (functional groups in our case) and increases asynchrony of their fluctuations. We have not found its stabilizing effect on the total biomass.
Questioning the Stereotype of the “Malingering Bureaucrat”: Absence from Work in the Public and Private Sector in Germany
Authors: Prümer Stephanie , Schnabel Claus 
Published: August 2019

SUMMARYPublic sector employees are often said to have excessive rates of absence from work. Using representative survey data for Germany, we indeed find absenteeism of employees to be higher in the public than the private sector. The differences in the incidence and days of absence showing up in descriptive statistics are substantially reduced and partly disappear in our estimates of hurdle regression models controlling for individuals’ socio‐demographic characteristics, health status, professional activities, and for many workplace‐related factors. Nevertheless, the probability of staying home sick at least once a year is still 5.6 percentage points higher in the public sector, ceteris paribus. This finding refutes popular assertions that differences in absence rates between the sectors are mainly due to structural factors like different compositions of the workforce. We show that the same observable factors play a role for absenteeism in the public and private sector, but we cannot rule out that shirking may play a more important role in the public sector. Nevertheless, we conclude that the stereotype of the “malingering bureaucrat” seems to be an exaggeration, at least for Germany.
Access to local books: the effects of Read Malawi from a children's rights perspective
Authors: Shin Jaran , Sailors Misty , McClung Nicola , Hoffman James V. , Pearson P. David , Kaambankadzanja Davie , Mwale Liveness 
Published: August 2019

AbstractChildren in low‐income, postcolonial countries such as Malawi have few opportunities with quality reading materials that promote independence as readers. In this study, we argue that access to locally produced text relevant to linguistic and cultural contexts is a fundamental human right for children throughout the world. Situating this study within the intersection of research on children's rights and complementary reading materials, we analyse data from a project in Malawi. We consider the ways in which a respect for children's educational rights – specifically, their rights to access information via children's books – can help them develop their biliteracy. Additionally, we examine how the Read Malawi program contributes to Malawian children's literacy development in both national and official languages. Our findings suggest not only a humanistic need for quality complementary books, but also the empirical justification for books in the hands of children; in particular, an interconnected relationship between borrowing books from school and engagement with Read Malawi was found, especially when we explore children's English proficiency. Through Read Malawi, this study exemplifies what a quality literacy intervention can do in supporting children's Chichewa and English proficiency and improving their rights to quality education.
Effect of sitagliptin on tubulointerstitial Wnt/β‐catenin signalling in diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Ren Xiaojun , Zhu Ruifang , Liu Gaohong , Xue Fuping , Wang Yanhong , Xu Jia , Zhang Wan , Yu Weimin , Li Rongshan 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTAimTo investigate the effect of sitagliptin on Wnt/β‐catenin signalling in the tubulointerstitium of diabetic nephropathy.MethodsForty male Wistar rats were divided into normal control (NC), diabetic model (DM), low and high‐dose sitagliptin intervention groups (ST1 and ST2, respectively). Changes in the biochemical parameters and tubulointerstitial fibrosis index were observed. The levels of protein and gene expression of different indicators were detected via immunohistochemistry and real‐time polymerase chain reaction. NRK‐52E cells were divided into the normal control group, mannitol control group, high glucose group (HG), high glucose plus sitagliptin intervention group (HG + ST) and high glucose plus Wnt/β‐catenin inhibitor group (HG + XAV939). The relevant indicators were examined by Western blot or enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay.ResultsCompared with the NC group, the blood glucose, glycosylated haemoglobin, 24 h urinary albumin, creatinine clearance and tubulointerstitial fibrosis index were significantly increased in the DM group. These parameters were decreased in the ST1 and ST2 groups compared to the DM group. Compared with the NC group, the levels of Wnt4, β‐catenin, dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 and α‐smooth muscle actin were higher and E‐cadherin was lower in the DM group. Sitagliptin treatment reversed these changes. In the high glucose‐stimulated NRK‐52E cells, sitagliptin and XAV939 inhibited the elevated expression of Wnt4, β‐catenin, dipeptidyl peptidase‐4, α‐smooth muscle actin, transforming growth factor‐β and fibronectin and restored E‐cadherin activity.ConclusionSitagliptin may inhibit the tubulointerstitial Wnt/β‐catenin signalling pathway in diabetic nephropathy and provide renal protection by alleviatinge renal tubulointerstitial transdifferentiation and fibrosis.
The intersection of nationalism, Confucian familism, and queer in Katherine Hui‐ling Chou's He's My Wife, He's My Mother
Authors: Chen Chang 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis article examines the transnational and cross‐cultural imagination in Katherine Hui‐ling Chou's 2009 play Shaonian Jinchai Nanmengmu (He's My Wife, He's My Mother), which adapts the seventeenth‐century Chinese writer Li Yu's homoerotic short story “Nanmengmu Jiaohe Sanqian” (A Male Mencius's Mother Educated His Son and Moved Three Times) while also referencing Caryl Churchill's 1979 archetypical queer play Cloud Nine. He's My Wife, He's My Mother epitomizes the layered complexities of the intersection of nationalism, Confucian familism, and Western queer epistemology. This intersection not only rearticulates Chinese transnational history and reinterprets Chinese cultural resources by absorbing the fruition of Western queer paradigm. It also seeks to transfigure the horizon of queer studies currently limited by the individualization thesis, by deploying the Confucian idea of qing as an originary human affect to emphasize the significance of connectedness and care. Chou's literary vision thus offers both a fresh angle to grasp the cultural discourses in transnational circulation and a reflective perspective to spot the limits and conceivable transformations for the theoretical formation and political praxis concerning queer and Confucianism.
Punched‐out erosions with scalloped borders: Group A Streptococcal pustulosis
Authors: Shayegan Leila H. , Richards Lindsey E. , Morel Kimberly D. , Levin Laura E. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractWe present a case of an infant with severe atopic dermatitis infected with Streptococcus pyogenes who presented with pustules, honey‐colored crusts, and punched‐out erosions with scalloped borders mimicking eczema herpeticum or eczema coxsackium. We draw attention to this case to highlight the similar clinical appearance between bacterial and viral infections in the setting of atopic dermatitis and the importance of a broad workup and coverage while awaiting results.
Congenital eccrine angiomatous hamartoma: Expanding the morphologic presentation and a review of the literature
Authors: Smith Sean D. , DiCaudo David J. , Price Harper N. , Andrews Israel D. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractEccrine angiomatous hamartoma (EAH) is a rare benign vascular hamartoma characterized histologically by an increased size and number of mature eccrine glands associated with multiple foci of dilated capillaries in the dermis and subcutis. EAH typically presents in children as discrete, solitary nodules, or plaques most commonly located on the extremities. Some cases of EAH have an agminated distribution involving classic locations, or present as solitary lesions in less common locations such as the face, scalp, or trunk. We report the case of congenital EAH in a child with atypical morphological features and pattern of distribution further expanding on the range of presentations classically described.
Sun exposure and protection practices in children after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: A Survey‐Based Cross‐Sectional Cohort Study
Authors: Li Edward B. , Song Johanna S. , Huang Jennifer T. , Hawryluk Elena B. , London Wendy B. , Guo Dongjing , Sridharan Madhumitha , Fisher David E. , Rea Corinna J. , Lehmann Leslie E. , Duncan Christine N. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackground/ObjectivePediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) patients are at an increased risk for skin cancers. Sun exposure is a significant modifiable environmental risk factor. While patient education on sun protection and avoidance behaviors with regular dermatology evaluations are crucial for pediatric HSCT patients, the real‐life practice of these sun‐protection recommendations in this patient population compared to their peers is unknown.MethodsA survey‐based cross‐sectional cohort study was performed in pediatric HSCT patients seen at the Dana‐Farber Cancer Institute and Boston Children's Hospital over a 1.5‐year period compared with age/sex/Fitzpatrick skin phototype‐matched healthy controls. Study participants were surveyed using the validated Glanz survey for pediatric sun protection behavioral research.ResultsEighty‐five pediatric HSCT patients and 85 controls completed the study. Pediatric HSCT patients more frequently used sunscreen, hats, umbrellas, and sunglasses and obtained full‐body skin exams compared to controls. No difference was observed in sun exposure during hours of peak sun intensity, frequency of purposeful tanning, tanning bed use, and the number of painful sunburns received between pediatric HSCT patients and controls.ConclusionsAlthough pediatric HSCT patients practice more sun protection behaviors, they experienced harmful sunburns and intentional tanning behaviors at the same rate as their peers. Patient‐directed counseling and strategies to improve patient adherence to optimal sun protection behaviors could have a significant impact on the dermatology quality of life in pediatric HSCT patients.
A paradigm shift in the intention‐to‐transplant children with biliary atresia: Outcomes of 101 cases and a review of the literature
Authors: de Ville de Goyet Prof. Jean , Grimaldi Chiara , Tuzzolino Fabio , di Francesco Fabrizio 
Published: August 2019

AbstractFor children with BA who do not benefit from Kasai surgery, the only therapeutic option is liver replacement and transplantation. The very decision to proceed for transplantation is a crucial point in time because it is the first step toward the preparation for the transplantation. The former time point is defined in this analysis as “intent‐to‐transplant” care pathway. In the life of every BA candidate for liver replacement, this point in time varies and mostly depends on the decision of their primary caring teams—about when to switch from supportive care to transplant, and thus to refer to a transplant center. This intent‐to‐transplant analysis of a series of 101 consecutive infants that were referred to a single transplant team showed that excellent overall outcome (97% survival) has been achieved overall. However, three deaths occurred that were clearly related to a late referral. This analysis and recent observations from other centers strongly support that the timing for referring these children to a transplant center and/or deciding to list them on the waiting list is currently too late and should be anticipated to what it is currently. This paradigm shift in the intention‐to‐transplant children is likely necessary for giving a better chance to an increased number of children and impacts positively on the general outcome. Networking and defining new tools for a rapid recognition of the infants who need early transplantation are necessary; centralization of these children may be helpful to achieve better outcomes than currently observed.
Big Data in sleep apnoea: Opportunities and challenges
Authors: Pépin Jean‐Louis , Bailly Sébastien , Tamisier Renaud 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTSleep apnoea is now regarded as a highly prevalent systemic, multimorbid, chronic disease requiring a combination of long‐term home‐based treatments. Optimization of personalized treatment strategies requires accurate patient phenotyping. Data to describe the broad variety of phenotypes can come from electronic health records, health insurance claims, socio‐economic administrative databases, environmental monitoring, social media, etc. Connected devices in and outside homes collect vast amount of data amassed in databases. All this contributes to ‘Big Data’ that, if used appropriately, has great potential for the benefit of health, well‐being and therapeutics. Sleep apnoea is particularly well placed with regards to Big Data because the primary treatment is positive airway pressure (PAP). PAP devices, used every night over long periods by millions of patients across the world, generate an enormous amount of data. In this review, we discuss how different types of Big Data have, and could be, used to improve our understanding of sleep‐disordered breathing, to identify undiagnosed sleep apnoea, to personalize treatment and to adapt health policies and better allocate resources. We discuss some of the challenges of Big Data including the need for appropriate data management, compilation and analysis techniques employing innovative statistical approaches alongside machine learning/artificial intelligence; closer collaboration between data scientists and physicians; and respect of the ethical and regulatory constraints of collecting and using Big Data. Lastly, we consider how Big Data can be used to overcome the limitations of randomized clinical trials and advance real‐life evidence‐based medicine for sleep apnoea.