bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
21st-Century Theories of Literature: A Critical Reflection on an Interdisciplinary Event
Authors: Gaydon Philip , Selleri Andrea , Gaydon Phil , Selleri Andrea 
Published: August 2018

The authors reflect upon the successes and difficulties of developing and running 21st-Century Theories of Literature: Essence, Fiction, and Value, an interdisciplinary conference held at the University of Warwick on 27-29 March 2014.The aim of the conference was to encourage a more sustained focus on the overlap between two disciplines which, prima facie, have a lot in common: philosophical aesthetics (and in particular its literary branch, the philosophy of literature) and literary studies (of which literary theory may be considered a subdivision). Because both deal with literature and have an investment in the idea of theorisation, one might have thought that there was no need to encourage active dialogue and it would arise naturally from the needs of each field. However, in the current institutional state of affairs where philosophy departments and literature departments often have little overlap, ‘aesthetics’ and ‘literary theory’ are two very distinct entities, and interaction is underdeveloped even when room for it does exist. As such, we judged that there was a need for such a prompting. This piece presents the rationale for our conference, and describes its preparation, development and outcomes.Photo credit: Wittgenstein Vector, copyright eXegesis - J. Robles, M.D. Rose-Steel, S. M. Steele, 2014.
Training Future Actors in the Food System: A new collaborative cross-institutional, interdisciplinary training programme for students
Authors: Reed Kelly , Reed Kelly , Collier Rosemary , White Rebecca , Wells Rebecca , Ingram John , Borrelli Rosina , Haesler Barbara , Caraher Martin , Lang Tim , Arnall Alex , Ajates Gonzalez Raquel , Pope Harley , Blake Lauren , Sykes Roger 
Published: August 2018

There is an urgent need to train a cohort of professionals who can address and resolve the increasing number of fundamental failings in the global food system. The solutions to these systemic failings go far beyond the production of food, and are embedded within broad political, economic, business, social, cultural and environmental contexts. The challenge of developing efficient, socially acceptable and sustainable food systems that meet the demands of a growing global population can only be tackled through an interdisciplinary systems approach that integrates social, economic and environmental dimensions. The new cross-institutional training programme, IFSTAL (Innovative Food Systems Teaching and Learning), is designed to improve post-graduate level knowledge and understanding of food systems from a much broader interdisciplinary perspective, which can be applied to students’ own studies. Ultimately, these graduates should be equipped to apply critical interdisciplinary systems thinking in the workplace to understand how problems are connected, their root causes and where critical leverage points might be. This article outlines the programme and presents a review of its first year (2015-2016 academic year).
Note: Rosina Borrelli's surname is misspelled as 'Borelli' in the paper and should be cited by the author's correct name in all references.
A Pedagogy of Movement: Interdisciplinary Approaches to Human Motion
Authors: Chatzistefani Nefeli , Chatzistefani Nefeli , Heron Jonathan 
Published: August 2018

This critical reflection documents a collaboration between an arts practitioner-researcher and a biomedical engineer in the field of interdisciplinary pedagogy. From one perspective, we read movement as a cultural practice engaging theories of embodiment and informed by dance studies; from another perspective, we study movement as a product of internal and external forces acting on the body and we investigate the science behind the structure and function of human motion. This article reflects upon these differences and considers opportunities for new experimentation within interdisciplinary movement studies, in particular, the co-authors reflect upon the various definitions and affordances of the term ‘bio-mechanical’ and its application to movement and motion capture. The article ends with an overview of the experiments yet to be undertaken within transdisciplinary pedagogy at the Institute for Advanced Teaching and Learning (IATL), University of Warwick.
Editorial: Autoritärer Populismus
Authors: Redaktion PROKLA 
Published: August 2018

Das vorliegende Heft verfolgt die Fragestellung von Heft 185 zum Thema „Ausnahmezustand“ weiter. In den vergangenen Jahren gab es eine Vielzahl von beschleunigten Entwicklungen und politischen Krisen, die zu autoritären Regierungspraktiken geführt und zu einer Veränderung der politischen Kräfte beigetragen haben. Es spricht vieles dafür, dass in diesem Kontext die Erfolge von als rechtspopulistisch bezeichneten Parteien mehr ist, als nur eine Erweiterung des Parteienspektrums und des parlamentarischen Raums, sondern ein neues politisches Regime bedeutet.
Der Aufstieg von Parteien und Politikern, die im herrschenden Diskurs als „rechtspopulistisch“ charakterisiert werden, ist ein bestimmendes Thema der letzten Jahre gewesen. Dabei verweist der Begriff des Rechtspopulismus auf den des Linkspopulismus. Beide Begriffe werden im herrschenden Diskurs pejorativ gebraucht. Rechts- und Linkspopulismus gelten als zwei Varianten derselben Sache. Dem liegt ein Schema zugrunde, das den politischen Raum in eine positiv konnotierte Mitte und zwei negativ konnotierte Extreme einteilt: Rechts- und Linkspopulismus gelten gewissermaßen als abgemilderte Formen von Rechts- und Linksextremismus. Anders gesagt: Rechts- und Linkspopulismus bewegen sich nach dem herrschenden Verständnis genau an der Grenze zwischen der Mitte (dem, was als normal gilt) und den Extremen. Sie werden nach dem Muster der Totalitarismustheorie behandelt. Dabei steht das Urteil über den Populismus schon fest, bevor seine Funktionsweise überhaupt analysiert wurde (vgl. D’Eramo 2013; Link 2017). Aus kritischer, emanzipatorischer Sicht ist die Gleichsetzung von rechten und linken Kräften zurückzuweisen. Darüber hinaus stellt sich die Frage, ob Parteien, in denen rassistische, sexistische oder faschistische Positionen vertreten werden, nicht verharmlost werden, indem sie als rechtspopulistisch gekennzeichnet werden. Es wird auch davon abgelenkt, dass z.B. in der CDU oder in der BILD-Zeitung ebenfalls auf ideologische Elemente zurückgegriffen wurde und wird, die heute dem Rechtspopulismus zugeordnet werden; das „bürgerliche Lager“ bzw. die „Mitte“ werden dadurch exkulpiert. Allerdings sollte der Begriff des Populismus auch nicht vorschnell aufgegeben werden
A Modern Search for Wolf-Rayet Stars in the Magellanic Clouds. IV. A Final Census*
Authors: Neugent Kathryn F. , Massey Philip , Morrell Nidia 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
We summarize the results of our 4 yr survey searching for Wolf-Rayet (WR) stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) and Small Magellanic Cloud. Over the course of this survey we have discovered 15 new WR stars and 12 Of-type stars. In this last year we discovered two rare Of-type stars: an O6.5f?p and an O6nfp, in addition to the two new Of?p stars discovered in our first year and the three Onfp stars discovered in our second and third years. However, even more exciting was our discovery of a new type of WR star, ones we are calling WN3/O3s owing to their spectroscopic signatures. We describe the completeness limits of our survey and demonstrate that we are sensitive to weak-lined WRs several magnitudes fainter than any we have discovered, arguing that there is not a population of fainter WRs waiting to be discovered. We discuss the nature of the WN3/O3s, summarizing the results of our extensive spectroscopy and modeling. We also examine the important claim made by others that the WN3/O3s are isolated compared to other massive stars. We find that if we use a more complete sample of reference massive stars, the WN3/O3s show the same spatial distribution as other early WNs, consistent with a common origin. Finally, we use this opportunity to present the “Fifth Catalog of LMC Wolf-Rayet Stars,” which includes revised coordinates and updated spectral types for all 154 known LMC WRs.
Baryonic Effects in Cosmic Shear Tomography: PCA Parameterization and the Importance of Extreme Baryonic Models
Authors: Mohammed Irshad , Gnedin Nickolay Y. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Baryonic effects are among the most severe systematics to the tomographic analysis of weak lensing data, which is the principal probe in many future generations of cosmological surveys like LSST, Euclid, etc. Modeling or parameterizing these effects is essential in order to extract valuable constraints on cosmological parameters. In a recent paper, Eifler et al. suggested a reduction technique for baryonic effects by conducting a principal component analysis and removing the largest baryonic eigenmodes from the data. In this paper, we conducted the investigation further and addressed two critical aspects. First, we performed the analysis by separating the simulations into training and test sets, computing a minimal set of principle components from the training set and examining the fits on the test set. We found that using only four parameters, corresponding to the four largest eigenmodes of the training set, the test sets can be fitted thoroughly with an rms ∼0.0011. Second, we explored the significance of outliers, the most exotic/extreme baryonic scenarios, in this method. We found that excluding the outliers from the training set results in a relatively bad fit and degraded the rms by nearly a factor of 3. Therefore, for a direct employment of this method to the tomographic analysis of the weak lensing data, the principle components should be derived from a training set that comprises adequately exotic but reasonable models such that the reality is included inside the parameter domain sampled by the training set. The baryonic effects can be parameterized as the coefficients of these principle components and should be marginalized over the cosmological parameter space.
Spectral Properties of Cool Stars: Extended Abundance Analysis of Kepler Objects of Interest
Authors: Brewer John M. , Fischer Debra A. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Accurate stellar parameters and precise elemental abundances are vital pieces to correctly characterize discovered planetary systems, better understand planet formation, and trace galactic chemical evolution. We have performed a uniform spectroscopic analysis for 1127 stars, yielding accurate gravity, temperature, and projected rotational velocity in addition to precise abundances for 15 elements (C, N, O, Na, Mg, Al, Si, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, and Y). Most of the stars in this sample are Kepler Objects of Interest, observed by the California-Kepler Survey, and include 1003 stars hosting 1562 confirmed planets. This catalog extends the uniform analysis of our previous catalog, bringing the total number of homogeneously analyzed stars to almost 2,700 F, G, and K dwarfs. To ensure consistency between the catalogs, we performed an analysis of our ability to recover parameters as a function of signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) and present individual uncertainties as well as functions to calculate uncertainties for parameters derived from lower S/N spectra. With the updated parameters, we used isochrone fitting to derive new radii, masses, and ages for the stars. We use our abundance analysis to support the finding that the radius gap is likely a result of evolution rather than the result of primordial compositional differences between the two populations.
Characterizing the evolution of physical properties and mixing state of black carbon particles: from near a major highway to the broader urban plume in Los Angeles
Authors: Krasowsky Trevor S. , McMeeking Gavin R. , Sioutas Constantinos , Ban-Weiss George 
Published: August 2018

Abstract. Black carbon (BC) particles can have deleterious human health consequences
and impact regional and global climate. Uncertainties remain in part due to
incomplete knowledge on the evolution of physical properties and mixing state
of black carbon from sources to the remote atmosphere. We aim to understand
how “road-to-ambient” processing and longer timescale aging in an urban
plume affect black carbon physical properties. Refractory black carbon (rBC)
was measured during summer 2016 using a single-particle soot photometer (SP2)
in two distinct environments: near a major freeway and downwind of downtown
Los Angeles. The near-road measurements were made at distances ranging from
30 to 114 m downwind of Interstate 405 in Los Angeles. These results were
compared with measurements performed 100 km east of Los Angeles in Redlands,
California. Coatings on rBC particles were quantified using two methods. As
distance from the highway increased at the near-road site, we observed
decreases in rBC mass and number concentrations and increases in the number
fraction of rBC particles with thick coatings (f). The latter likely
occurred due to rapid processing of the highway plume and entrainment of
urban background particles. Most rBC-containing particles measured near the
highway were either uncoated or thinly coated. In Redlands, we found that rBC
mass concentrations on weekdays were similar to those observed at the
furthest measured distance from the highway (114 m). However, rBC number
concentrations for the smallest measured sizes were an order of magnitude
lower in Redlands than all measured distances from the highway. Observations
of f indicate that values in Redlands during periods when estimated
photochemical age (PCA) was highest (6–8 h) were similar to corresponding
values at the furthest measured distance from the highway. This suggests that
the residence time of air in the Los Angeles Basin under typical summertime
conditions measured during this campaign may not be sufficient for rBC to
acquire thick coatings. However, under certain meteorological conditions, f
was observed to be ∼0.20 in Redlands, with coating thickness histograms
showing a larger contribution of rBC particles with coating thickness
> 80 nm. This occurred during a weekend day when local emissions from
diesel vehicles were lower (compared to weekdays) and winds brought air from
the desert regions to Redlands, both of which would increase the relative
contribution of remote sources of rBC. Afternoon values of f (and
O3) were found to be systematically higher on weekends than weekdays,
suggesting that the “weekend effect” can create more thickly coated rBC
particles presumably due to enhanced secondary organic aerosol (SOA) and
reduced available rBC as condensation sites.
Liquid–liquid phase separation in organic particles containing one and two organic species: importance of the average O : C
Authors: Song Mijung , Ham Suhan , Andrews Ryan J. , You Yuan , Bertram Allan K. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract. Recently, experimental studies have shown that liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) can occur in organic particles free of inorganic salts. Most of these studies used organic particles consisting of secondary organic materials generated in environmental chambers. To gain additional insight into LLPS in organic particles free of inorganic salts, we studied LLPS in organic particles consisting of one and two commercially available organic species. For particles containing one organic species, three out of the six particle types investigated underwent LLPS. In these cases, LLPS was observed when the O : C was  ≤ 0.44 (but not always) and the relative humidity (RH) was between  ∼ 97 % and  ∼ 100 %. The mechanism of phase separation was likely nucleation and growth. For particles containing two organic species, 13 out of the 15 particle types investigated underwent LLPS. In these cases, LLPS was observed when the O : C was  ≤ 0.58 (but not always) and mostly when the RH was between  ∼ 90 % RH and  ∼ 100 % RH. The mechanism of phase separation was likely spinodal decomposition. In almost all cases when LLPS was observed (for both one-component and two-component particles), the highest RH at which two liquids was observed was 100±2.0 %, which has important implications for the cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) properties of these particles. These combined results provide additional evidence that LLPS needs to be considered when predicting the CCN properties of organic particles in the atmosphere.
Geochemistry of the dissolved loads during high-flow season of rivers in the southeastern coastal region of China: anthropogenic impact on chemical weathering and carbon sequestration
Authors: Liu Wenjing , Xu Zhifang , Sun Huiguo , Zhao Tong , Shi Chao , Liu Taoze 
Published: August 2018

Abstract. The southeastern coastal region is one of the most developed and populated areas in
China. Meanwhile, it has been severely impacted by acid rain over many
years. The chemical compositions and carbon isotope compositions of dissolved
inorganic carbon (δ13CDIC) in river water in the high-flow
season were investigated to estimate the chemical weathering and associated
atmospheric CO2 consumption rates as well as the acid-deposition
disturbance. Mass balance calculations indicated that the dissolved
loads of major rivers in the Southeast Coastal River Basin (SECRB) were
contributed to by atmospheric (14.3 %, 6.6 %–23.4 %), anthropogenic
(15.7 %, 0 %–41.1 %), silicate weathering (39.5 %,
17.8 %–74.0 %) and carbonate weathering inputs (30.6 %,
3.9 %–62.0 %). The silicate and carbonate chemical weathering rates
for these river watersheds were 14.2–35.8 and
1.8–52.1 t km−2 a−1, respectively. The associated mean
CO2 consumption rate by silicate weathering for the whole SECRB was
191×103 mol km−2 a−1. The chemical and
δ13CDIC evidence indicated that sulfuric and nitric acid
(mainly from acid deposition) were significantly involved in the chemical
weathering of rocks. There was an overestimation of CO2 consumption
at 0.19×1012 g C a−1 if sulfuric and nitric acid were
ignored, which accounted for about 33.6 % of the total CO2
consumption by silicate weathering in the SECRB. This study quantitatively
highlights the role of acid deposition in chemical weathering, suggesting
that the anthropogenic impact should be seriously considered in estimations of
chemical weathering and associated CO2 consumption.
Time for action. Implementing the New Urban Agenda in public spaces for health and wellbeing
Authors: Mews Gregor H. , Muminovic Milica , Tranter Paul 
Published: August 2018

Urban Agendas are important guiding tools that frame thinking and point to major directions and changes needed. The dominant planning and city development practices in the 20th century resulted in the proliferation of modern cities that brought numerous problems that urban planners and designers are still dealing with. Do we have the capacity and appropriate tools to change the cities of tomorrow to make them more liveable places?The challenges may seem overwhelming. However, there are advantages in strategies that combine acting locally and synergising with other places. Using insights from the Urban Synergies Group this paper represents a summary of initial pathways that may effectively implement the NUA (New Urban Agenda) – a collective vision for sustainable and healthy cities. To address the main issues of the NUA we discuss five key themes. First, we consider the level of commitment to achieve healthier cities for all during the 9th World Urban Forum (WUF 9). Second, we narrow our focus to examine child health and well-being. Third, we introduce an exemplary collaboration that harnesses collective wisdom through empowerment of participants. Fourth, we provide the rationale for the focus on public space. Within the fifth point we summarise tangible actions within the nexus of child health and public space that help to implement the NUA on the ground.
The Perspectives of Medical Students in China to Undergo Short-Term Training Abroad
Authors: Huang Yu-zhuang , Cheng Xin , Brand-Saberi Beate , Yang Xuesong 
Published: August 2018

Jinan University in Guangdong province has several years experience of sending medical students abroad for short-term training, based on the schools’ agreement with international universities. Currently, we analyze the problems and experience including the medical students’ favorite countries, timing, purposes, academic marks, and expenses etc., which came forth from medical students of Jinan University who had participated in the short-term training in the past several years. Our survey suggests that the choices of Chinese medical students about the host universities vary, although the universities in Western countries are still the most popular. The optimal timing the students prefer for short-term training abroad is during vacation especially after grade 2. Broadening the horizons, learning the different knowledge and increasing their academic experience are the major objectives for most exchange students. Furthermore, the survey shows that students hope to improve exchange students’ status management and credit acknowledgement system among interschool administrations. This study could supply useful information for the upcoming exchange students for Chinese medical universities/schools and meanwhile, for the host universities receiving Chinese medical students in the world. Hence, both universities and medical students will benefit for more efficiently implementing the exchange programs in the future.
КОНЦЕПЦИЯ ДУБНЕНСКОГО ИСТОЧНИКА НЕЙТРОНОВ ЧЕТВЕРТОГО ПОКОЛЕНИЯ, "Поверхность. Рентгеновские, синхротронные и нейтронные исследования"
Authors: Аксенов В.Л. , Шабалин Е.П. 
Published: August 2018

Излагаются принципы конструкции подкритической размножающей нейтроны системы с модуляцией реактивности, которая может использоваться как мишень супербустера с линейным протонным ускорителем. Расчеты показывают, что можно ожидать на выходе плотность потока нейтронов в импульсе до 1017 см-2 · с-1 и, в среднем, до 2 1014 см-2 · с-1. Длительность импульса тепловых нейтронов может быть 200-300 и 20-30 мкс в зависимости от замедлителя при соответствующих длительностях импульса протонного ускорителя.
КОСМИЧЕСКАЯ АППАРАТУРА ДЛЯ АСТРОФИЗИЧЕСКИХ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ В ПРОЕКТЕ СПЕКТР-УФ, "Поверхность. Рентгеновские, синхротронные и нейтронные исследования"
Authors: Кузин С.В. , Перцов А. А. , КИРИЧЕНКО А.С. , САЧКОВ М.Е. , Саванов И.С. , Шугаров А.С. 
Published: August 2018

Представлено описание космического аппарата “Спектр-УФ”, краткое описание оптической схемы телескопа, основных научных приборов. Изложено описание фотоприемного устройств проекта “Спектр-УФ” на основе ПЗС с обратной засветкой и просветляющим покрытием, описаны меры, предпринятые для увеличения радиационной стойкости и уменьшения загрязнений на поверхности ПЗС.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ НАНОРАЗМЕРНЫХ ПЛЕНОК НИОБИЯ И НИТРИДА НИОБИЯ МЕТОДОМ РФЭС, "Поверхность. Рентгеновские, синхротронные и нейтронные исследования"
Authors: Лубенченко А.В. , Батраков А.А. , Шуркаева И. В. , Паволоцкий А. Б. , Краузе С. , Иванов Д.А. , Лубенченко О. И. 
Published: August 2018

Предложен новый подход к количественному и неразрушающему определению послойного химического и фазового состава многокомпонентных многослойных пленок на основе рентгеновской фотоэлектронной спектроскопии. Он состоит из: нового метода вычитания фона многократно неупруго рассеянных фотоэлектронов, учитывающего неоднородность неупругого рассеяния по глубине; из нового способа разложения фотоэлектронной линии на составляющие пики, учитывающего физическую природу различных параметров разложения; решения задачи вычитания фона и разложения фотоэлектронной линии совместно; определения толщин слоев многослойной мишени по простой формуле. Определен фазовый послойный состав наноразмерных пленок Nb и NbN, рассчитаны толщины этих слоев.