bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pronunciation research in recent dissertations
Authors: Levis John M. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
This editorial looks at L2 pronunciation dissertations from 2017 and 2018 to see what topics were of interest in
research, to examine trends, and to suggest ideas for the future. The largest group of dissertations reflect interest in
instruction and instructional interventions. These interventions look at a wide variety of features, types of instruction (e.g.,
implicit vs. explicit), different L1-L2 combinations, and the importance of materials in teacher training. The next most common
topic was perception, followed by prosody (including stress, intonation, tone and fluency) and acquisition. English and Spanish
were the most frequently studied L2s, indicating a need for L2 pronunciation in less commonly researched languages.
Foundational Issues Relating Spacetime, Matter, and Quantum Mechanics
Authors: Ellis G F R 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
This article proposes the following themes: 1. Space time must be discrete at the micro level. 2. Holonomy is central to any foundational approach to relating spacetime and quantum mechanics. 3. The gravitational field equations should be trace free: gravity is essentially a conformal theory. 4. Times passes; past, present, and future are fundamentally different. 5. Causation is not only bottom-up: contextual effects occur, associated with symmetry breaking 6. Theories must adequately take account of the quantum measurement issue 7. Penrose’s entropy issue is a real issue for cosmology that must be taken into account.
Testing spontaneous collapse models with mechanical experiments
Authors: Vinante Andrea 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Spontaneous collapse models (CM) have been proposed as a possible solution of the quantum measurement problem. In CM the unitary evolution of the wave function is modified by stochastic corrections which lead to a dynamical reduction at macroscopic level. Unlike interpretations of quantum mechanics, CM predict departures from standard theory that can be experimentally tested. Here, we focus on one of these predictions, a universal force noise acting on any mechanical system. In particular, we discuss recent bounds on collapse models set by ultracold cantilevers experiments and gravitational wave detectors. First notable results are a partial exclusion of the CSL parameters proposed by Adler and a full exclusion of an early model based on quantum gravity ideas.
Effect of the resonance spectra in the propagation of two decaying entangled particles
Authors: García-Calderón Gastón , Romo Roberto , Terán Miguel Ángel 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
An exact analytical solution of the decaying wave function of two identical noninteracting particles, which are entangled by spatial symmetry, is used to analyze the effect of the resonance spectra in the propagation of the decaying probability density outside the interaction potential region. We find, using exactly solvable problems, that a usual approximation that considers the two resonance levels associated with the initial states, is affected substantially in the case of sharp high energy resonances by disrupting the pure exponential decaying regime exhibited by the two resonance level approximation, whereas for broad high energy resonances, we find that the probability density profile is well described by the two resonance approximation.
Entangling quantum fields via a classical gravitational interaction
Authors: Reginatto M , Hall M J W 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
We consider the coupling of quantum fields to classical gravity in the formalism of ensembles on configuration space, a model that allows a consistent formulation of interacting classical and quantum systems. Explicit calculations show that there are solutions for which two initially independent quantum fields evolve into an entangled state, even though their interaction occurs solely via a common classical gravitational field. Thus in contrast to recent suggestions, an observed generation of entanglement would not provide a definitive test of the nonclassical nature of gravity.
From Quantum Mechanics to running Λ cosmologies
Authors: Stachowski A. , Szydłowski M. , Urbanowski K. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The cosmological model with running dark energy is considered. We assume that the vacuum of the Universe is in a meta–stable state and decays into a true (bare) vacuum state with increasing time. We use quantum theory of decay processes to find energy of the system in the unstable state and apply obtained results to a description of the running dark energy identified with vacuum energy. We also estimate model parameters using astronomical data. From the astronomical point of view our model is in good agreement with data. Moreover, the framework of this model one can explain naturally, smallness of the cosmological constant parameter Λbare.
Reconciling reality, space and time: A graviton driven quantum mechanism of cosmic expansion and CMB radiation
Authors: Doyen G. , Drakova D. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The theory of emerging quantum mechanics (EQM) is a quantum field theory in flat 11 dimensional spacetime, quantizing gravity in the weak interaction limit. In EQM the quantum fields materialize (i.e., they become real) if they entangle with the gravonons, i.e. localized gravitons, thereby forming beables. If not entangled with gravonons, the quantum field is in a limbo state as e.g. exemplified by the state inbetween source and screen in the double slit experiment. Quantum diffusion proceeds via repeated limbo - beable transitions. This leads to the impression that particles having been measured at a certain separation in space suddenly disappear and reappear at a different separation. For any cosmological experiment this is consistent with the interpretation that space has expanded. The rate of cosmic expansion is then equal to the rate of beable - limbo transitions. This rate is calculated from first principles and equals the experimentally determined Hubble parameter. Explicit calculations on the generation of the cosmic microwave radiation (CMB) require to consider the beabling process of the electromagnetic quantum field. The beabling condition is fulfilled for light-atom-lattices (LAL). Temperature emerges in EQM by escape of the particle out of the warp resonance (beable). Without fitting any free model parameter the CMB radiation temperature is 2.2 K, which is to be compared to the experimental value of 2.7 K.
Some aspects of the canonical analysis of Reuter-Weyer RG improved Einstein-Hilbert action
Authors: Gionti Gabriele S. J. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
A canonical analysis of RG improved action of the Einstein-Hilbert functional is performed. The gravitational and cosmological constants as function of the space-time coordinates are treated as external non-geometrical fields. Dirac’s constraint analysis is performed, in the general case, up to secondary constraints. The constraints are second class and, in general, the problem appears to be technically complicated. This fact suggests studying the Dirac’s constraint analysis of the related Brans-Dicke theory, which shows the Poisson Brackets between Hamiltonian-Hamiltonian constraints do not close.
A simplified FLRW minisuperspace model based on the RG improved Einstein Hilbert action contains Bouncing and Emergent Universes for values of K = –1, 0,1
Mathematics and physics of consistency of the Born rule with normal probability distribution
Authors: Kryukov Alexey A. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Newtonian and Scrödinger dynamics can be formulated in a physically meaningful way within the same Hilbert space framework. The resulting unexpected relation between classical and quantum motions goes beyond the results provided by the Ehrenfest theorem. The normal probability distribution and the Born rule turn out to be related. A dynamical mechanism responsible for the latter formula is proposed and applied to measurements of macroscopic and microscopic systems.
Physics in one dimension with perpendicular non-locality
Authors: Cerwen E 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
A single momentum-carrying dimension connected by Lorentz transformations to a perpendicular non-local dimension having time but lacking spatial measures is applied to electromagnetic radiation, thermal radiation, the Schrödinger equation, Kepler’s 3:rd law, the rotation curve of spiral galaxies, and the universe as a whole represented by the linear part of its apparent expansion. This is made possible by identifying and making local terms equal to non-local ones as prescribed by the geometry. For example, 1-D momentum, the oscillating orbited radius of a system and baryonic mass are local whereas field components, oscillation periods and the electron cloud of an atom are non-local. Accordingly, in thermal radiation the physical process of a single quantum transfer replaces field radiation intensity as a function value. The Schrödinger equation can be rearranged and split into factors of circulating current carried by electrons surrounding magnetic charge. The latter result derives from a suitable factorization of the Bohr atom. Based on the assumption that the geometrical framework is valid generally for the rest frame the so-called ‘dark matter’ of galaxies can be identified by analogy with black body radiation and with the electron cloud as being non-local as might be expected of a ‘massive field’. The basic theory yields a radius that is the inverse of a line increment per unit length and per unit time as in Hubble’s constant. A tentative numerical value of this line increment appears as a residue when the Bohr atom is factorized for the purpose of providing a circular current to the Schrödinger equation.
Localized gravitons as essence of dark energy: Implications for accelerated cosmic expansion
Authors: Drakova D. , Doyen G. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
A theory of Emerging Quantum Mechanics (EQM) has been developed [1] con-tributing to the understanding of the measurement problem by assigning a quantum dynamical process to collapse within Schrödinger’s theory.
EQM treats cosmological problems in a quantum field theory in high dimensional spacetime (11D) including matter and the gravitational field. Gravity is quantized in the weak interaction limit. The EQM Lagrangian contains terms up to fourth order in the gravitational field. Second and fourth order terms are associated with repulsive dark energy and third order terms with attractive dark matter effects. Gravonon-gravonon repulsion, i.e. dark energy in EQM, modifies the structure of the gravitational field and leads to accelerated expansion of the universe.
Quantum diffusion of the matter particles in three dimensional space is suggested as the mechanism of the expansion of the universe. The rate of expansion is given by the frequency of the soft gravitational modes. A lower limit of the deceleration parameter for the expansion of the universe, derived in EQM, is in the range between -0.6 and -0.8, an observed value of -0.55 has been reported.
No-go theorems for ekpyrosis from ten-dimensional supergravity
Authors: Uzawa Kunihito 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
We study whether the new ekpyrotic scenario can be embedded into ten­dimensional supergravity. We use that the scalar potential obtained from flux compactifications of type II supergravity with sources has a universal scaling with respect to the dilaton and the volume mode. Similar to the investigation of inflationary models, we obtain very strong constraints ruling out ekpyrosis from analysing the fast-roll conditions. We conclude that flux compactifications tend to provide potentials that are neither too flat and positive (inflation) nor too steep and negative (ekpyrosis).
Dark matter in modified cosmologies
Authors: Lambiase G. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The IceCube experiment discovered a high-energy astrophysical neutrino flux with energies of the order of PeV. To explain this phenomenon one may consider the minimal 4-dimensional operator

∼

y

α
χ

L

L
α

¯

H
χ
.

. An interesting possibility is to also explain the relic abundance of DM in the Universe. Assuming that the cosmological background evolves according to the standard cosmological model, this model fails since the rate of DM decay

Γ
χ

∼

|

y

α
χ

|

2

needed to get the correct DM relic abundance differs by many orders of magnitude with respect that one needed to explain the IceCube data. We show that such a discrepancy can be solved if the Universe evolution is governed by a modified cosmology.
Generalized uncertainty principle in graphene
Authors: Iorio Alfredo , Pais Pablo 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
We show that, by going beyond the low-energy approximation for which the dispersion relations of graphene are linear, the corresponding emergent field theory is a specific generalization a Dirac field theory. The generalized Dirac Hamiltonians one obtains are those compatible with specific generalizations of the uncertainty principle. We also briefly comment on the compatibility of the latter with noncommuting positions, [xi,xj
] ≠ 0, and on their possible physical realization.
On the time continuous evolution of the universe if time is discrete and irreversible in nature
Authors: Riek Roland 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The time evolution of the universe is usually mathematically described under a continuous time and thus time reversible. Here, the consequences of studying the evolution of a homogenous isotropic universe by time continuous reversible physics are studied if time is actually discrete and irreversible in nature. The discrete dynamical time concept of Lee and its continuous time limit to the continuous time case is applied to the Newtonian limit of the general relativity theory. By doing so, the cosmic constant as well as the inflation of the universe arise and are predicted quantitatively well by assuming the smallest time step to be the Planck time and by using the current size of the universe.
Effects of gamma irradiation on lipid peroxidation, survival and growth of turmeric in vitro culture
Authors: Chusreeaeom K , Khamsuk O 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Gamma radiation has been widely applied in agriculture for crop improvement; however, it can induce oxidative stress in plant cell. This research aims to study effects of acute and chronic gamma irradiation on lipid peroxidation, plantlets survival and growth rate in M1V1 generation of turmeric. Plantlets cultured on MS medium were exposed to acute gamma radiation from Cs-137 (dose rate 3.7 Gy/min) at 0, 20, 40, 60 and 80 Gy. For chronic irradiation with a Co-60 source (dose rate 0.0057 Gy/min), turmeric were exposed to gamma radiation at 0, 21, 41, 62 and 82 Gy. Results showed that the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) was gradually increased with radiation doses after chronic irradiation, whereas after acute irradiation, it significantly increased at the dose of 40 Gy compared to non-irradiated plantlets. Differences between acute and chronical exposure to gamma irradiation were observed for MDA at the highest dose. Chronic irradiation at 21, 41 and 62 Gy also influenced plant development, mainly due to the stimulation of seedling survival and growth, while 20 Gy acutely gamma irradiation maximally promoted and decreased afterward. The median lethal dose (LD50) and 50% growth reduction dose (GR50) after acutely irradiated were reported to 74 and 66 Gy, respectively.
Dye adsorbent prepared by radiation-induced graft polymerization of acrylic acid onto carboxymethyl cellulose
Authors: Lertsarawut P , Hemvichian K , Rattanawongwiboon T , Suwanmala P 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Gamma radiation was used to prepare a natural polymer-based adsorbent via radiation-induced grafting polymerization of acrylic acid (AA) onto carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). Optimization of the grafting process was done by varying a number of parameters from radiation dose to amount of AA and CMC. Characterization by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) confirmed a successful grafting of AA onto CMC, with a maximum grafting efficiency (GE) of 94%. The effectiveness of the graft copolymers for the removal of two standard dyes, malachite green and methyl green, was investigated. The prepared PAA-g-CMC adsorbents resulted in more than 80% of dye removal for malachite green and methyl green, displaying its great capacity to be utilized as an alternative material for wastewater treatment.
Development of EPID-based dosimetry for FFF-beam verification in radiation therapy
Authors: Thongsawad S , Chanton T , Saiyo N , Udee N 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to develop Electronic Portal Imaging Devices (EPID)-based dosimetry for Flattening-Filter-Free (FFF) beam verification. All radiation measurements were performed with source to imager distances (SID) of 150 cm to reduce saturation effect. EPID images were converted to radiation absorbed dose with our algorithm including four parameters: linearity of dose response with Monitor Unit (MU), beam profile correction, collimator scatter, and scatter kernel. The Calibration Units (CU) of image were scaled to dose (Gy) by using linearity of dose response with MU. Off-axis response differences between EPID and water were reduced with beam profile correction. Scatter kernel was applied to EPID images to reduce the residual error. The algorithm accuracy was validated with 12 arcs of Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT) plans by using gamma analysis comparing between EPID-based dosimetry and a plane dose distribution of Treatment Planning Systems (TPS). Gamma Passing Rates (GPR) were used to determine the dose agreements with criteria of 2%, 2 mm and 3%, 3 mm. The mean of GPR was 97.91%, and 99.62% for criteria of 2%,2 mm and, 3%, 3 mm, respectively. Our EPID-based dosimetry showed good agreement with plane dose distribution in water. These results indicated that our EPID-based dosimetry can perform FFF-beam verification.
Environmental-friendly synthesis of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) using gamma irradiation
Authors: Tiamduangtawan P , Saenboonruang K 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Graphene has drawn much attentions in recent years, mainly due to its excellences in their strength and thermal/electrical conductivity with various possible applications. However, some common graphene synthesis methods involve in using/producing poisonous chemicals and other production drawbacks, leading to attempts to adopt more efficient and more environmental-friendly synthesis methods. This work reported preliminary results in developing a method for graphene synthesis using gamma irradiation on graphene oxide (GO) with the accumulated doses of 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42 kGy, respectively. The results showed that gamma irradiation could successfully initiate the reduction of GO in water-ethanol mixture to reduced graphene oxide (rGO) with different efficiencies, which were confirmed by using SEM, SEM-EDS, UV-Vis spectroscopy, and FT-IR spectroscopy. In particular, SEM-EDS showed that irradiating GO with 35-kGy gamma dose led to the highest reduction of oxygen in GO as seen by the highest ratios of carbon and oxygen (C:O) content in rGO that increased by ~20% compared with the value from GO.
Natural rubber block as gamma radiation shielding for medical applications
Authors: Onjun O , Buasuwan N , Rungseesumran T , Kamwang N , Channuie J , Sinkaew P 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
In this study, a prototype of commercialized-style radiation shielding blocks based on natural rubber mixed with radiation shielding substance (i.e. lead and tungsten compound) was developed. The gamma shielding test was carried out using 137 Cs (662 keV) source and 60Co (1173, 1332 keV) source. The results reveal that based on the gamma attenuation property and forming capability, the optimum formula was a shielding block with 60% lead oxide, which was able to completely shield gamma radiation (> 99%). In comparison with a radiation shielding block with lead oxide, a radiation shielding block with tungsten oxide showed similar characteristics. Due to the higher price of tungsten oxide, natural rubber block with lead oxide is preferred. However, with an environmental concern, natural rubber block with tungsten oxide is selected. Moreover, it was found that the mechanical properties of these radiation shielding blocks (including hardness, tensile strength and elongation at break) were reduced with increasing of the amount of radiation shielding substance mixed in the radiation shielding blocks. However, the reduction of these mechanical properties does not affect the actual utilization since these radiation shielding blocks are normally not subjected to any strong force or pressure. In addition, the SEM images showed the uniform dispersion of radiation shielding substances in the rubber block texture.
Optimization methods of the industrial robots’ trajectory
Authors: Ratiu M , Grebenisan G , Prichici M A , Bogdan S 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
In this paper, we present a part of our wider research regarding modeling, simulation and optimization of the trajectory of the industrial robots. After a short introduction on the importance of the industrial robots, the necessity and widely interest regarding the trajectory optimization, we present a classification of the optimization methods: numerical, computational and hybrid. Then, we make a brief presentation of the main optimization criteria approached in the last few years in several scientific papers, regarding the optimization of the industrial robots’ trajectory.
The study of the motion of a gyroscope without rotational symmetry
Authors: Ciornei F-C , Alaci S , Pentiuc R D , Bujoreanu C , Rusu O T 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
In rigid dynamics theory the gyroscope has a special role, as one of the bodies with the most complex motion, having three degrees of freedom. As consequence of the complexity of the motion is the fact that only for three situations, the equations of motion can be analytically integrated. For all the three situations, it is assumed that the principal moments of inertia (PMI) with respect to the principal axes that are normal to the rotation axes, are equal, condition fulfilled by the shape of body of revolution of the gyroscope. The paper analyses the case when the two principal moments of inertia are unequal. The equations of motion are numerically integrated for different values of the ratio between the two PMI. The effect of the disparity between the two PMI upon the motion of the gyroscope is proved by comparison with the motion of the axisymmetric gyroscope, both obtained by numerical integration.
8D complaint solving method in an automotive component processing company
Authors: Muncut E S , Culda L I , Erdodi G M , Sima G 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The 8D Report is a method used by engineers and other specialists to solve product or process problems. The purpose of the report is to identify, correct and eliminate recurring problems. The 8D report sets out permanent corrective actions based on the statistical analysis of the problem as well as the origin of the problem. This type of report has been developed by Ford Motor Company and has become a standard in the automotive industry, especially used to solve customer complaints about non-compliant products. The name of the 8D report comes from “8 Disciplines”. These 8 disciplines are actually 8 points that delimit the steps you take if a problem or defect is observed in a process or product. Solution stages are: choice 8D team identification and responsibilities, problem description, defining of the control actions, cause analysis, defining the corrective actions and demonstration of efficacy, the implementation of corrective actions and demonstration of effectiveness, Prevention of recurrence of nonconformities and completion and signing the final report 8D.