bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The National Energy Board as Intermediary Between the Crown, Aboriginal Peoples, and Industry
Authors: Popowich Morris 
Published: January 2019

Recent Supreme Court of Canada decisions have forced the National Energy Board to reconsider its responsibilities with respect to Aboriginal peoples. This has impacted the Board's ability to clearly articulate its policies and procedures, specifically in the area of consultation with Aboriginal peoples, as the legal standard for consultation seems to change from year to year and stakeholders on all sides of the regulatory process press the Board to interpret these legal requirements in a way that suits their interests best. This article outlines challenges facing the Board with respect to consultation with First Nations and identifies strategies through which it has attempted to address them. Specifically, it describes the Board's policies on consultation and its administrative response to the MacKemie Valley pipeline regulatory review. The article assesses the viability of these strategies in light of challenges the Board is likely to face in the near future.
Transferring Alberta's Gas Flaring Reduction Regulatory Framework to Nigeria: Potentials and Limitations
Authors: Odumosu Ibironke T. 
Published: January 2019

The article reviews the Albertan and Nigerian gas flaring regulatory frameworks, examines theirdifferences, and attempts to determine the extent to which certain aspects of the Alberlan framework can (not) be adopted in Nigeria. In this regard, the author also offers a brief review of various legal transplant theories and a background of regulation in both jurisdictions. The author ends by offering suggestions as to what concepts and principles may (not) be viably transferred.
Multi-Party Disputes: Equities Between Concurrent Tortfeasors
Authors: Adjin-Tetley Elizabeth 
Published: January 2019

A several concurrent tortfeasor that satisfies a plaintiff’s entire damage under liability in solidum will pay more than their fair share of the plaintiff’s loss. Apportionment legislation attempts to remedy this injustice through contribution and indemnity from other concurrent tortfeasors. However, the unsatisfactory wording of apportionment statutes offers no clear direction on who is entitled to contribution and against whom such a claim can be made. In practice, this can result in unfairness to the paying tortfeasor. This article explores some of the issues arising from joint liability of concurrent tortfeasors and proposes three main areas of reform to ensure fairness between concurrent tortfeasors liable for the same damage.
Using Simulation and Virtual Practice in Midwifery and Nursing Education: Experiencing Self-Body-World “Differently”
Authors: James Susan , Cameron Brenda 
Published: January 2019

The journey into the world of midwifery or nursing requires the student to attend to the intertwining of self-body-world in order to shift their knowledge of self-body-world into a client/patient-centered context. One of the teaching-learning strategies used to provide safe opportunities is the use of simulations and virtual practices. Rather than learning intimate acts of touching, or life and death decision-making in situations with actual clients/patients, students enter their learning world with rubber torsos, cloth babies, and cyber clinics. The “other” is a simulated other, not a human. How does the student shift from seeing this simulated other as object to a sense of other as subject? In our world of constant use of technology for communication and entertainment, do students shift in and out of a cyber world easily or are they more captured by the simulated experience than with the human world? Has the human world redefined itself where the intertwining of self-body-world blurs the sense of where human body ends and cyber or simulated world begins? What is the place of Bildung when engaged with a cyber other? As a result of educational challenges, including rising enrolments, limited clinical placement opportunities, and increasing risk management concerns, there has been a proliferation in the use of simulation as a teaching strategy (Fox, Damazo, 2013; Schmitt, Gilbert, Brandt, Weinstein, 2013). This has left us –the authors– wondering about the student experience of simulation. What do they learn? How do they learn? How can this learning be applied in practice?
LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY;
Authors: Surahio Abdul Rashid , Ahmad Khan Ashar , Memon Muhammad Anwar , Laghari Abdul Aziz 
Published: January 2019

Objectives: Toevaluate the outcome of laparoscopic cholecystectomy as compared with open cholecystectomy in compensated cirrhotic patients. Study Design: Prospective randomized study. Setting: Department of Surgery, Liaquat University Hospital, Jamshoro. Liaquat University Hospital is Tertiary Care Hospital in the region of Hyderabad and Jamshoro. Period: Three years from January 2011 to December 2014. Patients and Method: Total 172 patients presentedwithsymptomatic gall stone disease and compensated cirrhosis were randomly divided in to two groups, open cholecystectomy group and laparoscopic cholecystectomy group. Study variables were age, sex, cause of cirrhosis, surgical time, blood loss during and after surgery, hospital stay and postoperative complications. After inform consent, data was collected on preformed proforma. For statically analysis SPSS 16 were used, statically significance were defined a P value < 0.05. Results: In patients for open cholecystectomy group cirrhosis was developed due to secondary infection hepatitis C in 56 (65.88%), hepatitis B in 21 (24.70%) and hepatitis B & C in 08 (9.42%). In laparoscopic cholecystectomy group patients cirrhosis was developed due secondary infection with hepatitis C in 62 (71.26%), hepatitis B in 15 (17.24%) and hepatitis B & C in 10 (11.5%). Laparoscopic cholecystectomy was done on 79 (90.80%) and eight (9.20%) patients converted in to open cholecystectomy due to difficult dissection in three patients and bleeding developed into five patients. The time of surgery was shorter in laparoscopic cholecystectomy group (60.15±15 min) as compared to 75.10±15 minutes in open cholecystectomy group. Oral diet was started early (08-18H) after laparoscopic cholecystectomy as compared to open cholecystectomy (24-12) hours. Hospital stay was also shorter in laparoscopic cholecystectomy group (1.5±1) days versus 03±01 day in open cholecystectomy group. Conclusion: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is safe, more feasible, needless operative time and less postoperative complicationsin compensated cirrhotic patient as compare to open cholecystectomy but laparoscopic cholecystectomy needs more expertise and availability of instruments.
La investigación formativa y la didáctica para la enseñanza y el aprendizaje del mercadeo
Authors: Hernández Gil Cristian , Polanía González Eduardo 
Published: January 2019

Objetivo: identificar y describir la importancia de la investigación formativa y el uso de la didáctica para fortalecer el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje del mercadeo como asignatura en la educación superior.
Metodología: se realizó un estudio descriptivo de enfoque cualitativo a través de una revisión documental y el desarrollo de dos filtros de información con base en dos criterios establecidos por los autores de esta investigación: relevancia del texto sobre las categorías de análisis y proporcionalidad en la distribución de los textos en dichas categorías.
Resultados: el mercadeo actualmente se enseña de diferentes maneras, pero se resaltan dos primordialmente: a) las que posicionan al docente como actor activo del proceso formativo y, al estudiante como actor pasivo, quien solamente se dedica a recibir información; y b) el enfoque hacia la equidad entre la enseñanza y el aprendizaje para que tanto el maestro como el estudiante se conviertan en elementos activos del proceso.
Conclusiones: el mercadeo se debe enseñar-aprender usando tecnologías de la información y la investigación formativa y tratando de simular situaciones reales provistas por el sector empresarial.
Factores de éxito o fracaso en el desarrollo agroindustrial rural
Authors: Tabares Castrillón Ana María 
Published: January 2019

Objetivo: identificar los factores que influyen directamente en el resultado de los proyectos de desarrollo agroindustrial rural.
Metodología: se aplicó un enfoque cualitativo de tipo descriptivo. La información primaria se recabó mediante entrevistas con actores y la secundaria a través de consulta de fuentes documentales como informes de gestión, evaluaciones agropecuarias, repositorios y revistas especializadas. La investigación se realizó en cuatro fases: en la primera, se hizo la sistematización documental de políticas y planes de gobierno para el desarrollo agroindustrial en el departamento de Caldas; en la segunda, se describió el proyecto “Capacitar a pequeños agricultores en la producción orgánica de frutas y jugos en el Alto Oriente de Caldas”; en la tercera se presentaron los resultados de dicho proyecto y en la cuarta se realizó el análisis y triangulación de la información empleando para ello una matriz de interrelación de factores, a partir del uso de calculadora de papel y plano cartesiano.
Resultados: se encontró que los factores que influyen son principalmente la organización institucional, el papel del Estado, la capacitación, la organización campesina y la administración y gestión de los proyectos agroindustriales. Además, el éxito de los proyectos agroindustriales depende de la interrelación de factores que no son tenidos en cuenta desde la formulación.
Conclusiones: la organización institucional es uno de dichos factores. Los proyectos de desarrollo agroindustrial rural requieren del fortalecimiento de la organización campesina.
Peculiarities of phenotypes of patients with pyelo- and glomerulonephritis by HLA distribution analysis
Authors: Driianska V. , Petrina O. , Velychko M. , Haisenyuk F. , Drannik G. 
Published: January 2019

Studies devoted to the role of human leucocyte antigens (HLA) in pathogenesis of chronic kidney disease (CKD) have demonstrated the associative links of the HLA antigens, which stipulate the relative and attributive risks of some autoimmune diseases, with immune disorder and a high production of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
The aim of our study was to determine the peculiarities of phenotypes of CKD patients according to the distribution of HLA-A, B and DR antigens and to conduct their comparative analysis in patients with pyelonephritis (PN) and glomerulonephritis (GN).
Methods: The distribution of HLA-A, B, DR antigens in 384 CKD patients (120 with PN and 264 with GN) was analyzed. HLA antigens were defined using a standard microlymphocytotoxic test on the Terasakiґs planchette with special panels of anti-HLA serums (20 antigens of locus A, 31 – B and 9 – DR). The control group consisted of 350 healthy donors.
The HLA antigen frequencies in normal and diseased subjects were compared taking each antigen separately, using χ2 test. The etiologic fraction (attributive risk s > 0,1) was counted using the formula: s = x - y/I- y, where x is frequency of antigen in patients and y is frequency in healthy. The s reading was considered reliable when it exceeded 0.1.
Results. The causal role (σ > 0,1) was determined for А10, А11; В14, В16 for PN; antigens-protectors - А2, В21, В35, В40.
For CGN, NS the relative risk is high (RR > 2) at the presence of HLA-A23, А24, А28; B8, В38, В41, В44; DR1, DR4, DRw52 in phenotype, the causal role in etiopathology (σ>0.1) is indicated for A24,А28; B8; DR1, DR4, DRw52; the disease protectors are B12 and B16.
Conclusion. Conclusion. The features of the HLA-phenotype of patients with pyelo- and glomerulonephritis were shown. It allowed to establish the interconnectedness of the antigens of the histocompatibility complex with the risk of kidney diseases developing, which could help to personificate of the treatment and predicte of the course of the disease.
Frequency of renal dysfunction in cardiac surgery patients and its effect on outcome
Authors: Zakon K. , Romanova V. , Tverdohlib K. 
Published: January 2019

The purpose of this study was to define the frequency of renal dysfunction, including acute kidney injury (AKI), in cardiac surgery patients and its effect on outcome.
Materials and methods. Patients 18 years old or older underwent cardiac surgery were included in the study. AKI and chronic kidney disease (CKD) was defined and staged according KDIGO 2012 guidelines. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was calculated with CKD-EPI formula. Clinical, laboratory and instrumental investigations were performed to all patients. As well, continuous hemodynamic monitoring was performed in postoperative period. Statistical analysis was conducted with SPSS for Windows v. 17.0.0.
Results. 239 patients (170 (72,8 %) – male, 65 (27,2 %) – female) underwent cardiac surgery in M.M. Amosov National Institute of Cardio-Vascular Surgery between 29.06.16 and 30.10.16 were included in the study.
79 patients had a renal dysfunction before surgery: 19 (7.9%) – CKD and 60 (25.1%) – AKI. Renal replacement therapy (RRT) was used in 7 patients (4 — with CKD and 3 — with AKI). AKI was developed in 38 patients (15.9%) in postoperative period and RRT was started in one case.
Statistically significant risk factors associated with AKI development in postoperative period were epinephrine usage (р<0.05) and heart failure development (р<0,001).
Hospital mortality was 5.9% - 14 patients (7 (50%) - male, 7 (50 %) - female). All died patients have had renal dysfunction (3 (21.4%) have had AKI on CKD and 11 (78.6%) — AKI). Among them 8 (57.1%) patients have had AKI I, 1 (7.1%) - AKI II and 5 (35.7%) - AKI III.
Statistically significant risk factors associated with hospital death were multiorgan dysfunction syndrome (р<0.001), sepsis (р<0.001), epinephrine (р<0.001) and norepinehrine (р<0.001) usage. Dobutamine use was associated with significant improvement in hospital mortality (р<0.05).
Conclusions: Near half of cardiac surgery patients had renal dysfunction in perioperative period. RRT was used in 3.4% patients. Because the majority of died patients have had the first stage of AKI, which rather means the risk of renal dysfunction, and statistical analysis reveals no significant association between renal function and outcome, developing of AKI in cardiac surgery patients is an indicator of severity of main disease, but not a cause of death. Renal dysfunction regardless of time of it development in relation to cardiac surgery is not risk factor of death, in contrast to multiorgan dysfunction syndrome and sepsis, which warrant the use of epinephrine.
KUALITAS BRIKET ARANG BERDASARKAN KOMPOSISI CAMPURAN ARANG KAYU ULIN (Eusideroxylon zwageri Teijsm & Binn) DAN KAYU SENGON (Paraserianthes falcataria)
Authors: Rindayatno Rindayatno , Lewar Dorotea Omi 
Published: January 2019

Limbah kayu yang dapat digunakan sebagai bahan baku pembuatan briket arang antara lain adalah serbuk gergaji. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui komposisi terbaik dari campuran arang dari serbuk gergaji kayu Ulin (Eusideroxylon zwageri Teijsm & Binn) dan kayu sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria) dalam menghasilkan kualitas briket arang yang baik.Penelitian menggunakan komposisi campuran arang yaitu Ulin 100% (A), Ulin 75% dan Sengon 25% (B), Ulin 50% dan Sengon 50% (C), Ulin 25%% dan Sengon 75% (D), dan Sengon 100% (E). Analisis data menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan 5 perlakuan. Faktor kualitas yang diuji adalah kerapatan, kadar air, keteguhan tekan, kadar zat mudah menguap, kadar abu, kadar karbon terikat dan nilai kalor.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kerapatan 0,53-0,64 g/cm3, kadar air 7,76-7,94%, keteguhan tekan 22,67-35,21 kg/cm2, kadar zat mudah menguap 26,70-31,10%, kadar abu 2,60-6,00%, karbon terikat 62,90-70,70% dan nilai kalor 6.459,33-6.582,00 kal/g.Kualitas briket arang terbaik dihasilkan dari komposisi campuran arang Ulin 100% yaitu kerapatan 0,64 g/cm3, kadar air 7,79%, keteguhan tekan 35,21 kg/cm2, zat mudah menguap 26,70%, kadar abu 2,60%, kadar karbon terikat 70,70% dan nilai kalor 6.582,00 kal/g. Hasil pengujian terhadap briket arang yang dihasilkan (kecuali nilai kerapatan) telah memenuhi Standar Kualitas Briket Arang Dalam Negeri (P3HH), dan sebagian memenuhi standar SNI, Jepang, Inggris, dan Amerika.
IDENTIFIKASI POHON INANG EPIFIT DI HUTAN DIPTEROCARPACEAE DATARAN RENDAH KLIMAKS KABUPATEN MALINAU
Authors: Sujalu Akas Pinaringan 
Published: January 2019

Penelitian ini menggunakan metode petak tunggal dengan pengambilan data secara sensus, bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pohon inang ephipit pada hutan Primer dataran rendah seluas 6 hektar di kabupaten Malinau. Pohon inang ephipit di hutan Primer ditemukan 696 pohon atau 116 pohon per hektar, yang terdiri dari 179 spesies dalam 85 genus dan 39 suku dengan 417 pohon (59.9%) berdiameter 36-67 cm. Pohon inang dari famili Dipterocarpace di temukan paling banyak di hutan Primer (± 80%) terutama dari Suku Shorea sp (42.2%), dengan Shorea parvifolia Dyer. merupakan pohon inang paling banyak ditemukan (50 pohon).
HUBUNGAN SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA, SARANA PRASARANA, KOMUNIKASI PONED–PONEK, DAN STANDAR OPERASIONAL PROSEDUR DENGAN SYARAT DAN PERSIAPAN RUJUKAN PUSKESMAS PONED
Authors: Jaya Susanti Tria , Mose Johanes C , Husin Farid , Effendi Jusuf S , Sunjaya Deny K 
Published: January 2019

Rujukan pelayanan kesehatan merupakan salah satu upaya untuk penanganan kasus emergensi yang mengatur pelimpahan tugas dan tanggung jawab pelayanan kesehatan secara timbal balik, baik vertikal maupun horizontal. Memperkuat sistem rujukan merupakan salah satu cara dalam mempercepat penurunan angka kematian ibu. Upaya tersebut tidak terlepas dari penanganan kasus emergensi di fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan melalui peningkatan PONED di puskesmas dan PONEK di rumah sakit. Untuk mendukung pelayanan PONED dan PONEK dibutuhkan pembentukan sistem rujukan yang sesuai standar. Pelaksanaan Rujukan yang terorganisir harus dilakukan dengan syarat dan persiapan yang tepat untuk merujuk kasus kegawatdaruratan ibu dan bayi secara tepat dan cepat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis hubungan sumberdaya manusia, sarana prasarana, komunikasi PONED – PONEK, dan standar operasional prosedur dengan syarat dan persiapan rujukan puskesmas PONED.Desain penelitian observasional analitik kuantitatif dengan metode survei, pendekatan waktu cross sectional. Pengukuran data menggunakan pemodelan Rasch dengan mengubah data ordinal menjadi data interval dalam bentuk logit. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah Tim inti PONEDdari 18 Puskesmas PONED di Wilayah Bagian Utara Provinsi Aceh. Sampel berjumlah 72 orang diambil secara total sampling. Variabel diukur menggunakan kuesioner. Analisis bivariabel menggunakan Pearson Correlation Test sedangkan untuk multivariabel menggunakan Multiple Linear Regression.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa syarat dan persiapan rujukan belum sesuai standar, umpan balik dari RS PONEK ke Puskesmas PONED sangat susah dilaksanakan, sumberdaya manusia tidak memenuhi kualifikasi standar minimal Puskesmas PONED dan belum terlatih, sarana prasarana rujukan yang tersedia untuk di ambulan belum cukup, komunikasi PONED–PONEK masih satu arah dan standar operasional prosedur belum lengkap, dan tidak diletakkan di tempat yang mudah dilihat petugas. Hasil analisis Multiple Linear Regression menunjukkan bahwa variabel yang paling dominan berhubungan dengan syarat dan persiapan rujukan adalah standar operasional prosedur (p<0,001). Simpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah pelaksanaan rujukan puskesmas PONED yang sesuai standar masih belum tercapai, belum semua sumberdaya manusia yang tersedia memenuhi kualifikasi Puskesmas PONED. Diharapkan dukungan dinas kesehatan akan berpengaruh pada kesiapan rujukan Puskesmas PONED yang berkualitas.
Review: Peran Enzim dalam Meningkatkan Kualitas Kopi
Authors: Ardiansyah Dany , Tjota Helen , Kiyat Warsono El 
Published: January 2019

Indonesia is the third largest coffee producing nation in the world after Brazil and Vietnam. The types and the characteristics of Indonesian coffee are different in each area but the main important factor of consumer acceptance depends on its bitterness level. Chlorogenic acid lactone is a compounds that play an important role as contributor to the coffee bitterness that are formed during the roasting process of coffee bean because of its precursor chlorogenic acid. Chlorogenic acid is commonly found in many plants. One of them can be found in coffee with high concentration. Chlorogenic acid lactone (bitter compound) can be hydrolyzed to chlorogenic acid (non-bitter compound) using hog liver esterase and chlorogenate esterase. This study aimed to analyze the use of these enzymes to decrease the level of bitterness in coffee. The results indicated that HLE and chlorogenate esterase effectively hydrolyzed chlorogenic acid lactones in coffee. Based on the sensory test, coffee extracts treated with enzymes were less bitter than the untreated coffee extracts. If it was associated with Indonesian local coffee then the method can be done with chlorogenate esterase that was in accordance with the legal guarantee of halal product.
Bangkit Saja atau Sudah Berkembang: Perbandingan Resiliensi Pada Mahasiswa
Authors: Maba Aprezo Pardodi 
Published: January 2019

Resiliency is a term to define about someone situation who has ability to bounce back ofter depressing psychological event. This research is describing and comparing between South Sumatera student and Lampung student resilience. It using analitical device concerning brief resilience scale (Smith et al., 2008). Toward analytical data engaging descriptive quantitative and T-Test to find out the differences between two samples. And The results showing that the score of Sig (2-tailed) 0,054 > 0,05 which means no differences between South Sumatra and Lampung students, however the resilience average of Lampung is higher than South Sumatera students
DISIPLIN DAN LINGKUNGAN KERJA DALAM MEMPENGARUHI KINERJA KARYAWAN PT. SUMBER ALFARIA CILEUNGSI
Authors: Hadianti Tuki , Maskuri M. Ali , Wulandari Anna 
Published: January 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji dan menganalisis Pengaruh Disiplin Kerja dan Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan PT. Sumber Alfaria Trijaya Tbk. Cabang Cileungsi.Penelitian dilakukan di PT. Sumber Alfaria Trijaya Tbk. Cabang Cileungsi dengan mengambil 75 karyawan sebagai sampel penelitian. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara menyebarkan kuesioner kepada responden. Analisis data menggunakan analisis regresi linier ganda sedangkan pengujian hipotesis dilakukan dengan uji-T.Penelitian menghasilkan dua temuan utama sesuai dengan hipotesis yang diajukan, yaitu : 1) Disiplin Kerja memiliki pengaruh positif terhadap kinerja karyawan; 2) Lingkungan Kerja memiliki pengaruh positif terhadap kinerja karyawan.Â Kata kunci: Disiplin Kerja, Lingkungan Kerja, Kinerja.