bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Motivations for and experience with labor induction at 39 weeks in women with obesity—A qualitative study
Authors: Hansen Joan , Krogh Lise Qvirin , Fuglsang Jens , Boie Sidsel , Henriksen Tine Brink , Taastrøm Katja Albert , Kjeldsen Anne Cathrine Maqving , Glavind Julie , Lou Stina 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIntroductionTiming of induction of labor (IOL) at term has been investigated in multiple settings. In Denmark, the ‘When to INDuce for OverWeight’ (WINDOW) study compares IOL at 39 weeks of gestation vs expectant management in low‐risk women with obesity. However, knowledge on women's expectations of and experience with IOL is sparse. The aim of this study was to explore women's motivation to join the WINDOW study and their experience when randomized to IOL at 39 gestational weeks.Material and MethodsA qualitative interview study of 25 pregnant women with obesity randomized in the WINDOW study to IOL at 39 weeks of gestation was conducted. Participants were recruited from four hospitals in Central Denmark Region and were interviewed four to six weeks after giving birth. A thematic analysis was performed using a phenomenological approach.ResultsThe analysis resulted in three main themes, (1) Motivation for IOL, (2) The IOL process, and (3) IOL in recollection and in the future. Participants perceived inclusion into the WINDOW study as a “great opportunity,” as they hoped to be randomized to IOL at 39 weeks of gestation. Their main motivation for participating was physical discomfort in late pregnancy and a wish for “knowing” the timing of the birth. BMI‐related risk factors were mentioned by few as a motivating factor. Some participants described the IOL process as a team effort between the couple and the midwives and were positive towards future IOL. Others associated the IOL process with prolonged labor or described the body as “reluctant” to respond to the induction regime. A desire to experience spontaneous onset of labor in a future pregnancy was mentioned.ConclusionsPhysical discomfort and wanting to “control” the onset of labor were main motivations for women's decision to participate in the WINDOW study, hoping they would be allocated for IOL. Comprehensive information and being supported by midwives through the IOL process was crucial for a positive IOL experience. Some participants were positive towards a future IOL. Others speculated if their body was not ready for birth in 39 weeks of gestation and/or associated the IOL process with a challenging labor.
How do exchange rates affect environmental quality?
Authors: Park Doyoung , Ridley William 
Published: October 2024

AbstractExchange rates are integral to explaining the environmental consequences of globalization because they govern the prices of imported inputs and the price competitiveness of exports and, consequently, firms' input use decisions, production levels and emissions. We study how exchange rates, foreign input sourcing and export orientation determine environmental outcomes across countries and industries in both theoretical and empirical contexts. For industries that rely intensively on imported intermediate inputs, a stronger domestic currency leads to higher emission intensities (emissions per unit of output), while the reverse holds for industries that export intensively. Our results thus show that exchange rates have implications for the environment that have heretofore remained unexplored.
Relationships Between Psychological Flexibility, Psychological Capital and Marital Quality Amongst Parents of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Golan Bayazy Yifat , Gur Ayelet 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThis study aims to explore the differences in psychological flexibility, psychological capital and the perception of marital quality between parents of children with and without autism and to examine whether psychological capital could serve as a moderator of the association between psychological flexibility and the perception of marital quality. One‐hundred fifty parents of children with autism and 192 parents of children without autism completed an online survey. Parents of children with autism had lower psychological flexibility and psychological capital than the comparison group. The levels of psychological flexibility and psychological capital were also found to be significantly and positively correlated with the perception of marital quality of parents in both groups. Amongst parents of children with autism, hope significantly moderated the association between psychological flexibility and the perception of marriage quality. Hope buffers the relationship between psychological flexibility and the perception of marital quality amongst parents of children with autism. Designing unique, specific and tailored therapeutic interventions for parents of children with autism is recommended.
Optogenetic activation of mesencephalic projections to the nucleus accumbens shell impairs probabilistic reversal learning by disrupting learning from negative reinforcement
Authors: Zühlsdorff Katharina , Sala‐Bayo Júlia , Piller Sammy , Zhukovsky Peter , Lamla Thorsten , Nissen Wiebke , von Heimendahl Moritz , Deiana Serena , Nicholson Janet R. , Robbins Trevor W. , Alsiö Johan , Dalley Jeffrey W. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCognitive flexibility, the capacity to adapt behaviour to changes in the environment, is impaired in a range of brain disorders, including schizophrenia and Parkinson's disease. Putative neural substrates of cognitive flexibility include mesencephalic pathways to the ventral striatum (VS) and dorsomedial striatum (DMS), hypothesized to encode learning signals needed to maximize rewarded outcomes during decision‐making. However, it is unclear whether mesencephalic projections to the ventral and dorsal striatum are distinct in their contribution to flexible reward‐related learning. Here, rats acquired a two‐choice spatial probabilistic reversal learning (PRL) task, reinforced on an 80%|20% basis (correct|incorrect responses) that assessed the flexibility of behaviour to repeated reversals of response‐outcome contingencies. We report that optogenetic stimulation of projections from the ventral tegmental area (VTA) to the nucleus accumbens shell (NAcS) in the VS significantly impaired reversal learning when optical stimulation was temporally aligned with negative feedback (i.e., reward omission). VTA → NAcS stimulation during other phases of the behavioural task was without significant effect. Optogenetic stimulation of projection neurons from the substantia nigra (SN) to the DMS, aligned either with reward receipt or omission or prior to making a choice, had no significant effect on reversal learning. These findings are consistent with the notion that increased activity in the VTA → NAcS pathway disrupts behavioural flexibility by impairing learning from negative reinforcement.
Depth‐dependent soil phosphorus alteration is independent of 145‐year phosphorus balances
Authors: Xu Suwei , Nakayama Yuhei , Rothman Maia G. , Margenot Andrew J. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAgricultural management practices can profoundly influence soil phosphorus (P), with effects accumulating over time. To test the overarching hypothesis that soil P pools estimated by sequential fractionation would be altered by long‐term agricultural practices, we used an experiment established in 1876 in the north‐central US to quantify 145‐year impacts of crop rotation (continuous maize [Zea mays L.], maize‐soybean [Glycine max L. Merr.] and maize‐oat [Avena sativa L.]‐alfalfa [Medicago sativa L.]) and 117‐year impacts of fertilization (unfertilized and fertilized) with rock phosphate, manure or synthetic fertilizer on soil P fractions at 15 cm intervals across 0–90 cm depth. Fertilization impacts on soil P were mostly limited to the surface (0–30 cm) depth, but extended to 90 cm depth under diverse rotations. Under fertilization, soil total P concentration increased by 51% at 0‐30 cm while concomitantly decreasing by 30% at 60–90 cm compared to no fertilization, indicating that vertically stratified surface soil P accumulation and subsoil P depletion can co‐occur even under positive P balances. Positive P balances (1222–1494 kg/ha) induced by fertilization enriched inorganic P (Pi) (+39% to 358%) and labile organic P (Po) fractions (+11%) while depleting non‐labile Po fractions (−31%), with depletion increasing with the degree of crop diversification. Fertilization had minor impacts on P fractions beyond 30 cm depth, except for acid extractable Pi (HCl‐Pi) depletion under continuous maize and maize‐soybean rotations (−16% to −78%) and accumulation under maize‐oat‐alfalfa rotation (+41% to +84%) at 60–90 cm. In contrast, without fertilization, diversifying maize rotations with oat and alfalfa decreased HCl‐Pi and residual P (−21% to −57%) but increased non‐labile Po fractions (+54%), suggesting potential mining of non‐labile Pi pools by deep‐rooted legumes under nutrient limitation. The 1–2 orders of magnitude greater changes in stocks of P fractions than stocks of total P emphasize the importance of distinguishing P pools even with operational fractionation to fully capture changes in P cycling beyond total P stocks. Our study revealed that a positive P balance under 117 years of fertilization (i) enriched Pi and labile Po pools but (ii) depleted non‐labile Po pools, (iii) largely at 0–30 cm, and (iv) non‐labile Po depletion increased with crop diversification under 145‐year rotation treatments.
From community engagement to community inclusion for socially and procedurally just flood risk governance
Authors: Watkins Sam , Collins Alexandra 
Published: October 2024

AbstractUrban flood risk governance (FRG) approaches increasingly seek to engage local communities—and their surrounding ecosystem in natural flood management (NFM) approaches—to co‐produce socio‐ecological resilience. This systematic review investigates current approaches, barriers, and enablers of community engagement in urban FRG through a flood risk justice lens. Employing a systematic search and an adapted ‘best fit’ framework synthesis methodology, and reporting results according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses transparent reporting system. The central theme of inclusivity emerged from the synthesis, which integrated sub‐themes of relationality, non‐universalism, power structures, and personal paradigms in a conceptual model. Results invite FRG practitioners to reframe community engagement as community inclusion in order to respond to the procedural, social, and environmental justice concerns of urban ‘flood disadvantage’ which may be reinforced by current engagement approaches. Critical discussion of evidence—informed by the conceptual model—recognised five principles for realising procedurally just community inclusion; promoting the co‐production of integrated community inclusion strategies alongside the communities themselves. The study identified a gap in the literature concerning community involvement in NFM; highlighting a priority for future research with a view to realise more inclusive FRG.
Microbiome divergence of marine gastropod species separated by the Isthmus of Panama
Authors: Neu Alexander T. , Torchin Mark E. , Allen Eric E. , Roy Kaustuv 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

The rise of the Isthmus of Panama separated the populations of many marine organisms, which then diverged into new geminate sister species currently living in the Eastern Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea. However, we know very little about how such evolutionary divergences of host species have shaped the compositions of their microbiomes. Here, we compared the microbiomes of whole-body and shell-surface samples of geminate species of marine gastropods in the genera
Cerithium
and
Cerithideopsis
to those of congeneric outgroups. Our results suggest that the effects of ~3 million years of separation and isolation on microbiome composition varied among host genera and between sample types within the same hosts. In the whole-body samples, microbiome compositions of geminate species pairs tended to be similar, likely due to host filtering, although the strength of this relationship varied among the two groups and across similarity metrics. Shell-surface microbiomes show contrasting patterns, with co-divergence between the host taxa and a small number of microbial clades evident in
Cerithideopsis
but not
Cerithium
. These results suggest that (i) isolation of host populations after the rise of the Isthmus of Panama affected microbiomes of geminate hosts in a complex and host-specific manner, and (ii) host-associated microbial taxa respond differently to vicariance events than the hosts themselves.

IMPORTANCE
While considerable work has been done on evolutionary divergences of marine species in response to the rise of the Isthmus of Panama, which separated two previously connected oceans, how this event shaped the microbiomes of these marine hosts remains poorly known. Using whole-body and shell-surface microbiomes of closely related gastropod species from opposite sides of the Isthmus, we show that divergences of microbial taxa after the formation of the Isthmus are often not concordant with those of their gastropod hosts. Our results show that evolutionary responses of marine gastropod-associated microbiomes to major environmental perturbations are complex and are shaped more by local environments than host evolutionary history.
A novel multiplex and glycoprotein-based immunochromatographic serologic IgM test for the rapid diagnosis of
Escherichia coli
O157 and O145 causing bloody diarrhea and hemolytic uremic syndrome
Authors: Landivar Stella M. , Melli Luciano J. , Maiztegui Cynthia , Schesi Carla , Baschkier Ariela , Francisetti Valeria , Chinen Isabel , Miliwebsky Elizabeth , Rivas Marta , Comerci Diego J. , Ugalde Juan E. , Ciocchini Andrés E. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

Shiga toxin-producing
Escherichia coli
(STEC) are the main etiological agents of hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). Good clinical management of STEC infections and HUS depends on early, rapid, and accurate diagnosis. Here, we have developed and evaluated the first multiplex and glycoprotein-based immunochromatographic test for the detection of IgM antibodies against the O-polysaccharide of the lipopolysaccharide of
E. coli
O157 and O145 in human serum samples. A retrospective study was carried out resulting in a diagnostic sensitivity of the
E. coli
O157/O145 LFIA (lateral flow immunoassay) of 97.1% and 98.9% for O157 and O145, respectively, and 97.9% for both serogroups. The diagnostic specificity was 98.7% for O157 and O145, and the overall specificity 97.4%. In samples obtained before 3 days after the onset of diarrhea, the detection percentage was 83%, increasing to 100% from 3 days onward. Finally, the association of bloody diarrhea (BD) or HUS cases to an STEC infection increased from 22.8% to 77.2% when stool culture and
stx
/Stx detection were combined with serology by LFIA. Our results demonstrate that the
E. coli
O157/O145 LFIA is a highly accurate and serospecific test for the early and rapid diagnosis of
E. coli
O157 and O145 infections in BD or HUS cases. This test allows the detection of specific IgM antibodies very early in the course of the infection, making it an ideal diagnostic tool to be implemented in pediatric emergencies and, thus, avoid delays in the application of the correct supportive or specific treatment and prevent complications associated with HUS.
Characteristics, temporal trends and outcomes of intravenous thrombolysis in Chinese patients aged>80 years who had a stroke
Authors: Li Changsheng , Jiang Yingyu , Gu Hong-Qiu , Wang Meng , Chen Zimo , Yang Xin , Zhou Qi , Meng Xia , Wang Chunjuan , Li Zixiao 
Published: October 2024

Background and purposeTo date, no large cohort study has investigated the effects of intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) in Chinese patients aged over 80 years who had a stroke. This study aimed to assess the trends in the use of alteplase, the clinical characteristics and the outcomes of Chinese patients aged above 80 years who had an acute ischaemic stroke.MethodsData for this analysis were obtained from the China Stroke Center Alliance programme, a nationwide, multicentre, prospective registry encompassing 1751 hospitals across 31 provinces, covering the period from 1 January 2018 to 14 December 2022. The primary outcome was defined as a modified Rankin Scale (mRS) Score of 0–2 at discharge. Secondary outcomes included an mRS Score of 0–1 and independent ambulation on discharge. Safety outcomes assessed were in-hospital mortality and symptomatic intracranial haemorrhage (sICH).ResultsOut of 30 902 patients over 80 years old who qualified for thrombolysis, 8673 (median age (IQR), 84 (82–87) years) received alteplase treatment. Patients administered alteplase demonstrated improved short-term functional outcomes, such as an mRS Score of 0–2 (adjusted OR (aOR) 1.12, 95% CI, 1.06 to 1.18, p<0.001), an mRS Score of 0–1 (aOR 1.14, 95% CI, 1.08 to 1.19, p<0.001) and independent ambulation at discharge (aOR 1.14, 95% CI, 1.08 to 1.20, p<0.001). Moreover, no significant increase was observed in the risk of in-hospital mortality (aOR 1.12, 95% CI, 0.93 to 1.35; p=0.23). However, the risk of sICH was significantly higher among patients treated with alteplase (aOR 3.22, 95% CI, 2.77 to 3.75; p<0.001).ConclusionsIVT with alteplase in elderly patients who had a stroke resulted in improved short-term functional outcomes without elevating the risk of in-hospital mortality. Nonetheless, this population remains at a higher risk of sICH.
Pharmacological interactions of jadomycin B with topoisomerase poisons in MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells
Authors: McKeown Brendan T. , Goralski Kerry B. 
Published: October 2024

Jadomycin B, a natural product isolated from Streptomyces venezuelae, exerts an anti-cancer effect on human triple negative breast cancer cells in vitro and has anti-tumoral effects in vivo in animal models of breast cancer. One proposed mechanism for this anti-cancer effect is through interaction with topoisomerase 2 (TOP2). Based on the previously described interactions between jadomycin B and TOP2 we hypothesized that jadomycin B will act additively with TOP2 poisons and produce a similar functional outcome in eliciting cell cycle arrest. Combined treatments of jadomycin B and the TOP2 poisons doxorubicin or mitoxantrone produced moderately synergistic to additive cytotoxicity (combination index values ranging from 0.72–0.94) in MDA-MB-231 cells. In comparison, combined mitoxantrone and doxorubicin produced additive cytotoxicity (combination index values 0.96–1.11). Jadomycin B combined with the proteosome inhibitor MG132 had additive cytotoxicity (combination index values 0.76–1.18). In contrast, mitoxantrone or doxorubicin cytotoxicity was antagonized by MG132 (combination index values 1.21–2.31). Jadomycin B treatment arrested cells in S-phase ( P = 0.0024) as opposed to mitoxantrone which caused G2/M-phase arrest ( P < 0.0001). In conclusion, jadomycin B interacts differently than known TOP2 poisons in combination, supporting a novel pharmacological mechanism(s) of action for jadomycin B cytotoxicity.
Tailored PEO/PEG-PPG Polymer Electrolyte for Solid-State Lithium-Ion Battery
Authors: Helaley Ahmad , Zhan Guodong (David) , Liang Xinhua 
Published: October 2024

Solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) offer a promising avenue for advancing the performance and safety of all-solid-state batteries. In this study, we investigated the effects of blending poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) with amorphous poly(propylene glycol) (PPG) or poly(ethylene glycol-ran-propylene glycol) (PEG-PPG) to engineer SPEs with enhanced electrochemical properties. By blending PEO with PEG-PPG or PPG, we effectively lowered the crystallinity of PEO, facilitating the diffusion of lithium ions through the SPE and broadening its operational temperature range. This optimization strategy enhanced ionic conductivity and significantly reduced the interfacial resistance between the electrolyte and electrode, thus improving electrochemical stability. The solid-state lithium/lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4 or LFP) with PEO blended with 7% PEG-PPG showed excellent charge/discharge cycling stability, with maximal discharge capacities of 165 mAh g−1 and 162 mAh g−1 at a current rate of 0.2 C at 60 and 125 °C, respectively. The PEG-PPG-based SPE outperformed the PPG polymer-based SPE in terms of better electrochemical performance and a wider temperature range due to its longer polymer chain. This combination offered improved ionic conductivity, interface stability, and electrolyte compatibility with electrodes, making it highly suitable for high-demand applications of lithium-ion batteries.
Meaning, civilizations, and ecology: Response to Peter Wagner on Cornelius Castoriadis
Authors: Smith Jeremy CA , Adams Suzi , Blokker Paul , Arnason Johann P 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This engaging response from the Editorial Collective of Social Imaginaries to the Conversation with Peter Wagner takes up themes and problems of civilizations, meaning and ecologies raised in the exchange between Wagner and members of the Collective.
Psilocybin for major depressive disorder: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials
Authors: Aghajanian Sepehr , Shafiee Arman , Parvizi Omran Samira , Rezaei Nejad Aida , Jafarabady Kyana , Kohandel Gargari Omid , Rajai Shahryar , Mohammadi Ida , Bahrami Babaheidari Touran , Bakhtiyari Mahmood 
Published: October 2024

Background: Due to the unsatisfactory therapeutic effects of current antidepressants, research has been launched into alternative treatment approaches, such as the administration of psychedelics. Psilocybin, a classic hallucinogen, has been shown to exert considerable positive influence on depression symptoms through its serotonergic and glutamatergic effects. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of psilocybin in treating depression. Methods: A comprehensive search of Medline (via PubMed) and the Cochrane Library databases was conducted to identify relevant studies. Inclusion criteria were applied to select studies that investigated the therapeutic impact of psilocybin on depression. A mixed-effects multi-level model was used to estimate the overall effect size. Effectiveness over time was also investigated as a secondary analysis. Results: The results of the primary analysis revealed a large and clinically observable reduction (SMC: −1.24, 95%CI: −1.83 to −0.65, I2level2 = 11.39%, I2level3 = 77.67%) of depressive symptomatology in patients receiving psilocybin in addition to supportive therapy compared to baseline measurements. The decrease was also marked when compared to placebo ( p-value = 0.032). The results remained significant even when a secondary analysis assessed the effect in various time intervals since the administration of psilocybin. Conclusion: This systematic review and meta-analysis substantiate the claim that psilocybin is superior in treating depression compared to established psychotherapy alone used for treating depression. This finding warrants further studies with larger sample sizes and across a longer timeframe.