bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interleukin IL-1α, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 Expression in Different Staging of Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia
Authors: Balode Evija , Pilmane Mara , Rezeberga Dace , Jermakova Irina , Kroica Juta 
Published: July 2018

Summary

Introduction. Cervical cancer is the fourth most common form of cancer in women [19]. The precancerous stages are divided into three distinctive stages, labelled cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) I, II and III. One of the aetiological factors is chronic inflammation in cervical tissue, most often induced by Human papilloma virus (HPV). 88,5% of the patients regress from low grade intraepithelial changes to unchanged epithelium [14]. It has been proposed that cytokine balance plays a key role in the development of high grade epithelial changes (CIN I – CIN III) in the remaining 11.5% of patients, however, the exact trigger of this event remains to be found.

Aim of the Study. The aim of the study was to determine three pro-inflammatory (IL-1α, IL-6, IL-8) and one anti-inflammatory (IL-10) interleukin expression in different CIN cervix uteri biopsies.

Material and methods. 16 biopsies were obtained with different CIN staging: one with CIN I stage, five with CIN II stage and 10 with CIN III stage. The samples were stained with haematoxylin and eosin and immunohistochemistry for IL-1α, IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10. Slides were evaluated semi-quantitatively grading the intensity of positively stained structures in the visual field.

Results. Examination of the samples yielded the following: IL-1α expression increased from CIN II to CIN III in squamous epithelium, while IL-8 expression decreased. A few IL-1α containing inflammatory cells were found in all CIN stages. IL-8 expression in subepithelium and the number of inflammatory cells decreased from CIN II stage to CIN III, although, it increased in the blood vessel endothelium.

Conclusions. There was constant moderate expression of both IL-6 and IL-10 during all CIN stages, except for inflammatory cells, where IL-6 expression was high during all stages, yet there were few IL-10 containing cells during CIN. The balanced expression of both cytokines suggests that pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine balance has an important role in CIN morfopathogenesis. The high expression of IL-6 in inflammatory cells and constant expression trough CIN staging indicates sustentation of chronic inflammation and production of other cytokines, such as IL-8, IL-1α. The variable IL-8 expression and its decrease in CIN III stage suggests the depletion of IL-8 production. The high expression of cytokines in blood vessel endothelium indicates their important role in CIN morfopathogenesis.
Critical media literacy through making media: A key to participation for young migrants?
Authors: Leurs Koen , Omerović Ena , Bruinenberg Hemmo , Sprenger Sanne 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Young migrants – particularly refugees – are commonly the object of stereotypical visual media representations and often have no choice but to position themselves in response to them. This article explores whether making young migrants aware of the politics of representation through media literacy education contributes to strengthening their participation and resilience. We reflect on a media literacy program developed with teachers and 100 students at a Dutch “International Transition Classes” school. The educational program focuses on visual media production using smartphones, raising critical consciousness and promoting civic engagement. Ethnographic data analyzed include field notes, a focus group with teachers, in-depth and informal interviews, student-produced footage, and a 10-minute ethnographic film. In our increasingly polarized mediatized world, better recognition of how the needs of certain young people diverge depending on how they are situated in racialized, gendered, and classed structures of power is needed to work towards inclusive media literacy education.
Osteoid Osteoma of the Middle Phalanx of the Third Finger in a Child Mimicking a Malignancy
Authors: Georgiev Georgi P. , Slavchev Svetoslav A. , Dimitrova Iva N. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Osteoid osteoma is a rare occurrence in the hand, especially in children. We report here a rare case of a 12-year-old boy complaining of growing painful swelling of the middle phalanx of the third finger that had started 3 months earlier and had not responded to anti-inflammatory medication. Based on the clinical findings and plain radiographs, osteomyelitis or Ewing’s sarcoma was suspected. However, MRI revealed the typical characteristics of osteoid osteoma. The lesion was excised, and the histological examination confirmed the diagnosis. We make a brief review of the literature concerning this uncommon localization and discuss the differential diagnosis and treatment modalities.
Influence of Er:YAG Laser on Objective and Subjective Parameters of Stress during Sealant Application in Children
Authors: Shindova Maria P. , Belcheva Ani B. , Mateva Nonka G. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Background: Acceptance of lasers as alternatives and accessory tools to traditional methods in dental medicine has created an explosion of interest. Er:YAG laser is recommended for enamel conditioning. There is no study evaluating the anxiety in children during fissure sealing procedures when using Er:YAG laser compared to the routine application technique.
Aim: To evaluate the objective and subjective stress parameters in children during a preventive procedure when using Er:YAG laser for additional enamel conditioning before pit and fissure sealant application compared to the routine clinical application technique.
Materials and methods: The study included sixty-four 6-12-year-old children, divided into two equal treatment groups. A standardized fissure sealant application was performed, as in the intervention group before acid etching, the occlusal surfaces of teeth were conditioned with Er:YAG laser (2940 nm). During the procedure, objective and subjective stress parameters were recorded.
Results: Significantly lower degree of dental anxiety was found at the end of the dental visit of the study group (p<0.001). During the professional cleaning of the tooth surface, the mean heart rate was low (95.55±14.29 bpm) within the physiological normal range. The objective and subjective stress parameters show no significant differences between the two subgroups during sealing procedure (p>0.05).
Conclusions: Application of Er:YAG laser during sealant application does not provoke anxiety and is well accepted by children in dental environment. Preventive procedures at the beginning of a dental visit decrease the initial levels of dental anxiety and contribute to an effective treatment process.
An Epidemiological Study of Non-specific Low Back Pain in Non-professional Female Greek Classic Ballet Dancers
Authors: Angoules Antonios G. , Dionyssiotis Yannis , Angoules Georgios A. , Balakatounis Konstantine C. , Panou Artemisia , Papathanasiou Jannis 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Aim: Epidemiological study of the incidence of mechanical low back pain (LBP) in non-professional female Greek classic ballet dancers over a year and therapeutic interventions required to address symptoms.
Materials and methods: Forty-six female classic ballet dancers members of preprofessional schools, aged 16-37 years (mean 28.8 ±5.44 yrs) practicing and training in classic dance for 6-40 hours/week (mean 10.8±6.68) and 2-27 years experience (mean 11.9±4.20 yrs) participated in an epidemiological study concerning the incidence of LBP episodes within the last year, the treatment they received, as well as the period of absence of training and performance due to LBP. A selfadministered questionnaire was employed. Information regarding incidence, duration, and intensity of mechanical low back pain was gathered as well as length of time away from practice or performance. A secondary aim was to investigate the type of conservative treatment that participants in this study received.
Results: Thirty-one (67.4%) participants in the study experienced 1-10 (mean 3.26±1.7) episodes of mechanical LBP in the previous 12 months. They had to refrain from dancing activities from 2 to 90 days (mean 16.9±16.22). Twenty one of the participants received some kind of conservative treatment.
Conclusion: The incidence of LBP was found to be high among Greek amateur classic ballet dancers resulting in absence from dancing activities for a considerable length of time and raising the need for therapeutic intervention for a considerable percentage of the studied population. Effective prevention strategies of LBP are of vital importance, particularly in younger dancers.
A Role of Cytokine Gene Polymorphisms in Cognitive Functioning
Authors: Trenova Anastasiya G. , Slavov Georgi S. , Manova Maria G. , Miteva Lyuba D. , Stanilova Spaska A. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
The changes in cognitive functions that occur with aging and in various pathological conditions are a subject of growing interest. Experimental and clinical data justify the hypothesis about the influence the immune system exerts on cognitive processes. The balance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines has been established as a necessary factor for normal cognitive functioning. Cytokine production is under strong genetic control and various single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in cytokine genes have been described. As cytokine SNPs have been demonstrated to affect the gene expression or the functional activity of the immune protein this logically led to the suggestion about the role of these polymorphisms in cognitive functioning. Studies exploring the association between different genetic variants of cytokine gene polymorphisms and cognitive abilities in healthy subjects and in demented patients show divergent results. The review of relevant literature suggests that SNPs implement their effect on cognition in large interactions with each other, as well as with many other factors, some of which still remain to be identified. This article summarizes the contemporary knowledge about the correlations between SNPs in cytokine genes and cognitive status in humans. Further research is needed to determine the precise role and the molecular mechanisms of action of the SNPs in cognitive processes.
Study on the Reblow Model for Medium-High Carbon Steel Melting by Converter
Authors: Wang Zhou , Liu Qing , Wei Shizhong , Lu Xinchun 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe study on the behaviour of decarburization, temperature increase, change of phosphorus and oxygen content of liquid steel during reblow process was presented in this paper. On the basis of traditional three-stage decarburization theory and thermal equilibrium theory, models for the variation of carbon content and temperature were established. Moreover, with application of data mining method, models for change of phosphorus and oxygen content were built based on large amount of production data and thermodynamic theory. By considering the variation of composition and temperature of molten steel, the reblow model was obtained and the software for reblow operation was developed with the combination of production technology. The test results indicated that the reblow rate (reblow more than once) dropped from 3.99 % to 0, and the average tap to tap time was reduced from 37.43 min to 36.35 min. It could provide an effective solution for medium-high carbon steel melting.
Assessment of the Efficiency of Aliquat 336+Rice Bran Oil for Separation of Acrylic Acid from Aqueous Solution Using Reactive Extraction
Authors: Mondal Himangshu , Athankar Kanti Kumar , Wasewar Kailas L. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Biomass is an attractive target in process development for the emerging renewable resources based bio-refinery industry. Due to the ample range of application of acrylic acid, its production through bio-route received more awareness in scientific fraternity. In this view, an attempted was made to study the reactive extraction of acrylic acid with aliquat 336 in rice bran oil. Moreover, Box-Behnken matrix was employed to corroborate the effects of process variables viz. concentration of acrylic acid [CAA]aq, concentration of aliquat 336 [CR4N
+
Cl], and temperature on the extraction efficiency (η%). In physical extraction, average extraction efficiency was found in the order as: 43.55 > 35.36 > 29.14 at 303 K, 323 K, and 343 K respectively in rice bran oil. The correlation coefficient, R2 = 0.988 % indicates the appropriateness of proposed model to predict the extraction efficiency in terms of independent variables, and the predicted values were found in close agreement with that of experimental results. Further, R2
(Pred) = 0.806 is in reasonable agreement with the R2
(Adj) = 0.972. The optimum conditions for extraction of acrylic acid using aliquat 336 as an extractant in rice bran oil are [CAA]aq = 0.0.5 (mol/kg); [CR4N
+
Cl] = 1.98 (mol/kg); temperature = 323 K and the model predicted extraction efficiency 77.5 % was found to be an excellent fit with the experimental value 75 %. Further, number of theoretical stages was found to be 3 and S/F ratio 0.247.
Existence of asymptotically periodic solutions for semilinear evolution equations with nonlocal initial conditions
Authors: Cao Junfei , Huang Zaitang 
Published: July 2018

AbstractIn this paper we study a class of semilinear evolution equations with nonlocal initial conditions and give some new results on the existence of asymptotically periodic mild solutions. As one would expect, the results presented here would generalize and improve some results in this area.
Curves in the Lorentz-Minkowski plane: elasticae, catenaries and grim-reapers
Authors: Castro Ildefonso , Castro-Infantes Ildefonso , Castro-Infantes Jesús 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
This article is motivated by a problem posed by David A. Singer in 1999 and by the classical Euler elastic curves. We study spacelike and timelike curves in the Lorentz-Minkowski plane 𝕃2 whose curvature is expressed in terms of the Lorentzian pseudodistance to fixed geodesics. In this way, we get a complete description of all the elastic curves in 𝕃2 and provide the Lorentzian versions of catenaries and grim-reaper curves. We show several uniqueness results for them in terms of their geometric linear momentum. In addition, we are able to get arc-length parametrizations of all the aforementioned curves and they are depicted graphically.
On the different kinds of separability of the space of Borel functions
Authors: Osipov Alexander V. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
In paper we prove that:

a space of Borel functions B(X) on a set of reals X, with pointwise topology, to be countably selective sequentially separable if and only if X has the property S
1(BΓ
, BΓ
);

there exists a consistent example of sequentially separable selectively separable space which is not selective sequentially separable. This is an answer to the question of A. Bella, M. Bonanzinga and M. Matveev;

there is a consistent example of a compact T
2 sequentially separable space which is not selective sequentially separable. This is an answer to the question of A. Bella and C. Costantini;

min{𝔟, 𝔮} = {κ : 2
κ
is not selective sequentially separable}. This is a partial answer to the question of A. Bella, M. Bonanzinga and M. Matveev.
Baicalein inhibits neuroapoptosis via pathways in sevoflurane induced rats
Authors: Wang Si , Zhou Yu 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBackgroundBaicalein, a bioactive flavonoid was explored for its capability to attenuate sevoflurane induced neuronal apoptosis and to improve behavioural and cognitive impairments. Sevoflurane is a frequently used inhalation anesthetic in neonates and children. Neonatal sevoflurane exposure causes widespread neurodegeneration and cognitive impairments. Development of compounds that could effectively prevent/reduce the adverse effects is of tremendous medical value.MethodsIsolated groups of neonatal rats were regulated with baicalein (25, 50 or 100 mg/kg b.wt) from postnatal day 3 (P3) to P21 and were exposed to sevoflurane (3%; 6 h) on P7. Results: Baicalein inhibited sevoflurane induced neuroapoptosis significantly as assessed by TUNEL assay. The raised levels of cleaved caspase-3, Bad and Bax were down-regulated by baicalein with enhanced Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, xIAP, c-IAP-1, c-IAP-2 and survivin expression. Baicalein regulated JNK/ERK signalling and also activated the PI3K/Akt pathway effectively as evident from the increased Akt, phospho-Akt, GSK-3β, phospho-GSK-3β levels. Baicalein, also improved the behaviour of animals in open filed and olfactory tests. The freezing responses and the performance in Morris Water Maze tests were enhanced.ConclusionBaicalein reduced neurodegeneration and improved learning and memory retention of rats and as well modulated PI3/Akt/GSK-3β and JNK/ERK signalling pathways.
The Insulator Protein CTCF Is Required for Correct Hox Gene Expression, but Not for Embryonic Development in Drosophila
Authors: Gambetta Maria Cristina , Furlong Eileen E M 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Insulator binding proteins (IBPs) play an important role in regulating gene expression by binding to specific DNA sites to facilitate appropriate gene regulation. There are several IBPs in Drosophila, each defined by their ability to insulate target gene promoters in transgenic assays from the activating or silencing effects of neighboring regulatory elements. Of these, only CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) has an obvious ortholog in mammals. CTCF is essential for mammalian cell viability and is an important regulator of genome architecture. In flies, CTCF is both maternally deposited and zygotically expressed. Flies lacking zygotic CTCF die as young adults with homeotic defects, suggesting that specific Hox genes are misexpressed in inappropriate body segments. The lack of any major embryonic defects was assumed to be due to the maternal supply of CTCF protein, as maternally contributed factors are often sufficient to progress through much of embryogenesis. Here, we definitively determined the requirement of CTCF for developmental progression in Drosophila. We generated animals that completely lack both maternal and zygotic CTCF and found that, contrary to expectation, these mutants progress through embryogenesis and larval life. They develop to pharate adults, which fail to eclose from their pupal case. These mutants show exacerbated homeotic defects compared to zygotic mutants, misexpressing the Hox gene Abdominal-B outside of its normal expression domain early in development. Our results indicate that loss of Drosophila CTCF is not accompanied by widespread effects on gene expression, which may be due to redundant functions with other IBPs. Rather, CTCF is required for correct Hox gene expression patterns and for the viability of adult Drosophila.
Investigating the Relationship between Classroom Conversation and Argumentative Writing Using Writing Moves and Types of Talk
Authors: Brady John 
Published: July 2018

[full article in English]
In this paper, I investigate the relationships between classroom talk and dialogic literary argumentative writing. My work is situated within a larger body of recent research on argumentative writing, taking up a social practice understanding of argumentative writing as being a set of social practices that are situated within a larger process of learning over time (Newell, Bloome & Hirvela 2015). This perspective aligns with the current understandings of writing that have been taken up over the past fifteen years (Nystrand, Green & Weimelt 1993; Klein & Boscolo 2016; Newell, Beach, Smith & VanDerHeide 2011).I adopt a Bakhtinian frame to investigate classroom argumentative writing and talk, which entails a negotiation between the meaning of events and utterances through interaction. Because of this, all interactions and utterances are inherently dialogic, as they are connected to histories and in anticipation of the future. This perspective frames the teaching and learning of argumentative writing as being negotiated locally over time, with unique practices and ways of knowing established through classroom interaction. This means that the teaching and learning of argumentative practices will always be unique to the contexts in which they are practiced. After establishing this frame, I employ instructional chains and discourse analysis in order to analyze two separate classroom discussions that occurred in two separate classrooms. By doing so, I aim to answer the following questions: what is the relationship between classroom talk and dialogic literary argumentative writing as a social practice? How is talk used to define and develop DLA both in regard to argumentative moves and the concepts and ideas derived from literature?
Language Disorders and Problem Behaviors: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Curtis Philip R. , Frey Jennifer R. , Watson Cristina D. , Hampton Lauren H. , Roberts Megan Y. 
Published: July 2018

CONTEXT:
A large number of studies have shown a relationship between language disorders and problem behaviors; however, methodological differences have made it difficult to draw conclusions from this literature.

OBJECTIVE:
To determine the overall impact of language disorders on problem behaviors in children and adolescents between the ages of birth and 18 years and to investigate the role of informant type, age, and type of problem behavior on this relationship.

DATA SOURCES:
We searched PubMed, EBSCO, and ProQuest.

STUDY SELECTION:
Studies were included when a group of children with language disorders was compared with a group of typically developing children by using at least 1 measure of problem behavior.

DATA EXTRACTION:
Effect sizes were derived from all included measures of problem behaviors from each study.

RESULTS:
We included 47 articles (63 153 participants). Meta-analysis of these studies revealed a difference in ratings of problem behaviors between children with language disorders and typically developing children of moderate size (g = 0.43; 95% confidence interval 0.34 to 0.53; P &lt; .001). Age was entered as a moderator variable, and results showed that the difference in problem behavior ratings increases with child age (increase in g for each additional year in age = 0.06; 95% confidence interval 0.02 to 0.11; P = .004).

LIMITATIONS:
There was considerable heterogeneity in the measures of problem behaviors used across studies.

CONCLUSIONS:
Children with language disorders display greater rates of problem behaviors compared with their typically developing peers, and this difference is more pronounced in older children.
From Feature To Paradigm: Deep Learning In Machine Translation
Authors: Costa-jussà Marta R. 
Published: July 2018

In the last years, deep learning algorithms have highly revolutionized several areas including speech, image and natural language processing. The speciﬁc ﬁeld of Machine Translation (MT) has not remained invariant. Integration of deep learning in MT varies from re-modeling existing features into standard statistical systems to the development of a new architecture. Among the diﬀerent neural networks, research works use feed-forward neural networks, recurrent neural networks and the encoder-decoder schema. These architectures are able to tackle challenges as having low-resources or morphology variations.
This manuscript focuses on describing how these neural networks have been integrated to enhance diﬀerent aspects and models from statistical MT, including language modeling, word alignment, translation, reordering, and rescoring. Then, we report the new neural MT approach together with a description of the foundational related works and recent approaches on using subword, characters and training with multilingual languages, among others. Finally, we include an analysis of the corresponding challenges and future work in using deep learning in MT.