Medication Error Tahap Prescribing pada Resep Obat Narkotika di Instalasi Farmasi Salah Satu Rumah Sakit Swasta di Minahasa
Authors: Seran Ester , Mambo Christi D. , Masengi Angelina S. R. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract: Medication errors can lead to inappropriate use of medication and harm to patients. Medication errors most commonly occur at the prescribing stage. This study aimed to evaluate medication errors during the prescribing stage in terms of the clinical completeness of prescriptions, specifically focusing on drug interactions. This was a retrospective study using secondary data of the Drugs.com and Medscape databases. Data were analyzed univariately. The results showed that the most prescribed narcotic drugs were fentanyl (70%) and codeine (30%). The most interacting types of drugs were fentanyl and ondansetron with a total of 58 events (22.9%) that had major severity according to the Drugs.com database. Meanwhile, according to the Medscape database, the type of drug with the most major interactions was Fentanyl - Propofol with 39 events (15.5%). Based on Drugs.com database, 109 interactions were found with major, 141 moderate, and three unknown severity. Based on Medscape database, there were 85 interactions with major severity, 45 moderate and 123 unknown. In conclusion, interaction between narcotic and non-narcotic drugs especially fentanyl showed high risk potential with major severity. Database of drug interaction is important to achieve safe decision of therapu and to prevent the occurrence of medication error.
Keywords: medication error; prescribing stage; narcotics; drug interaction

Abstrak: Medication error dapat menyebabkan penggunaan obat tidak tepat dan membahayakan pasien. Kesalahan pengobatan yang paling sering terjadi pada tahap prescribing atau penulisan resep obat.. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai medication error tahap prescribing berupa kelengkapan klinis resep yaitu interaksi obat. Jenis penelitian ialah retrospektif. Data sekunder diperoleh di Instalasi Farmasi salah satu rumah sakit swasta di Minahasa periode Januari – Juni 2023. Analisis data berdasarkan basis data Drugs.com dan Medscape menggunakan metode analisis univariat. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan bahwa jenis obat narkotika yang sering diresepkan ialah fentanyl (70%) dan codeine (30%). Jenis obat yang paling banyak berinteraksi menurut basis data Drugs.com ialah fentanyl dan ondansetron dengan jumlah kejadian sebanyak 58 (22,9%) dan tingkat keparahan major Menurut basis data Medscape jenis obat dengan interaksi major paling banyak ialah fentanyl – propofol sebanyak 39 kejadian (15,5%). Berdasarkan basis data Drugs.com didapatkan 109 interaksi dengan tingkat keparahan major, 141 moderate dan tiga tidak diketahui. Berdasarkan basis data Medscape didapatkan 85 interaksi dengan tingkat keparahan major, 45 moderate dan 123 tidak diketahui. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah interaksi obat narkotika dengan non-narkotika terutama fentanyl menunjukkan potensi risiko tinggi dengan tingkat keparahan major. Penggunaan basis data interaksi obat penting untuk keputusan terapi yang aman dan mencegah kejadian medication error.
Kata kunci: medication error: tahap prescribing; narkotika; interaksi obat