bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changes of Left Ventricular Global Longitudinal Strain and Diastolic Function Parameters in Patients Undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention with TIMI Flow Grade III after Anterior ST Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Mady Youssef , Mansour Amr , William Viola , Samir Sherif 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
STEMI is the most serious presentation of atherosclerotic CAD carrying the most hazardous consequences. STEMI is caused by occlusion of a major coronary artery and primary PCI is the recommended reperfusion therapy over fibrinolysis if performed by an experienced team as soon as possible. Myocardial infarction makes significant changes in composition, shape, and contractile function of myocardium. Especially left ventricle which is the major contributor to the contractile function of the heart, so it affects the systolic and diastolic functions of the heart.

Objective
To study the dynamic changes of left ventricular global longitudinal strain and diastolic function parameters in patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention with TIMI flow grade III after anterior STEMI

Methods
This study is a prospective observational study that was conducted at Ain Shams university hospitals, in the time interval from October 2022 till June 2023. A total of 100 Patients with anterior STEMI

Results
Our study showed significant improvement in LV systolic function, GLS and diastolic function parameters after PCI during the follow-up. Age &gt; 53, DM, Chest pain to door &gt; 7 hours and CK-total &gt; 4356 were associated with no GLS recovery in Univariate analysis. In multivariate analysis, Chest pain to door &gt; 7 hours was independently associated with no GLS recovery at follow-up with a sensitivity 90 % and specificity 95%.

Conclusion
In the present study we found Our study showed significant improvement in LV systolic function, GLS and diastolic function parameters after PCI during the follow-up. Age &gt; 53, DM, Chest pain to door &gt; 7 hours and CK-total &gt; 4356 were associated with no GLS recovery in Univariate analysis. In multivariate analysis, Chest pain to door &gt; 7 hours was independently associated with no GLS recovery at follow-up with a sensitivity 90 % and specificity 95%.
Surgical Closure of Ventricular Septal Defect: Contemporary Results and Risk Factors for Electrophysiological Changes
Authors: Soliman Azab Sherif Elasyed , El-Hamid El Midany Ashraf Abd , Ibrahim Mohammed Abdelgayed , Mohamed Ahmed Hassan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
The surgical closure of a ventricular septal defect is a commonly performed procedure. Postoperative ECG changes are common findings that needs a proper assessment to provide valuable insights into the outcomes of the patients. In this study, we investigate the potential risk factors associated with electrophysiological changes following surgical closure of ventricular septal defects.

Methodology
A Prospective, non-randomized study was conducted from October 2020 to December 2022 on patients scheduled for VSD closure. Patients with prior abnormal Congenital electrophysiological disturbances, Internal pacemaker, Ebstein's anomaly, associated sub-aortic membrane or Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy, Iatrogenic VSD, need Aortic root dilatation with VSD closure were excluded. 12-lead ECG was reported on ICU admission and daily thereafter till discharge. Various demographic and peri-operative data were recorded and its correlation to the presence of electrophysiological changes and final outcomes were analyzed.

Results
200 patients who underwent surgical VSD closure were included. Arrhythmias occurred in 41 patients (20,5%). The encountered arrhythmias were sinus bradycardia with junctional escape in 24 patients, junctional ectopic tachycardia in 10 patients, supraventricular tachycardia in 2 patients, premature complex in 2 patients, 2nd degree heart block in 4 patients and 3rd degree block in 2 patients. Mother's hypertension, preoperative mechanical ventilation, Associated cardiac anomalies, Down syndrome, size of VSD, type of VSD, Total bypass time, Aortic cross clamp time, Concomitant procedures, Intra operative pacing, and residual VSD, were identified in a univariate analysis as Risk factors for occurrence of arrhythmias. The multivariate logistic regression analysis shows that the most significant risk factors for the occurrence of ECG changes were outlet VSD type, mitral valve repair as a concomitant procedure and aortic cross clamp time &gt;45 minutes.

Conclusion
Surgical VSD closure is a safe procedure with low mortality and morbidity rates. Younger age and lower body weight are risk factors for prolonged hospitalization, intensive care unit stay and mechanical ventilation. Longer crossclamp and CPB times were significant predictors of post Op ECG changes and associated complications with prolonged ICU and hospital stay.
Prevalence of COVID 19 Respiratory Failure among Egyptians in Abbasia Chest Hospital
Authors: Assal Gehan El , Ezzelregal Heiba Gamal , Talaat Mohamed Nbil 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
COVID-19 is a serious respiratory infection marked by fever, dry cough, and dyspnea (Huang et al., 2020). While mild symptoms are encountered by most infected people, who do not need hospitalization, a considerable percent of admitted patients were complicated with acute hypoxemia and needed assisted ventilation in ICU.

Objectives
Measure the prevalence of respiratory failure in COVID 19 patients among Egyptians in Abbasyea chest hospital.

Subjects and Methods
COVID 19 patients admitted or coming to Abbaseya Chest Hospital were included in the study during the period between June 2020 to January 2021 All patients subjected to detailed medical history, laboratory investigations and radiological assessment with chest X-ray and computed tomography.

Results
This current study included 130 patients with COVID-19 infection. the prevalence of respiratory failure (defined as PO2 &lt; 60) was 36.2%. The majority of the cases had type I respiratory failure (85.1%). The mean age of the included cases was 51.40 ± 16.79 years with range between 13 and 87 years. There was equal sex distribution as males and females both represented 50% of the included cases. It was found that age more than 46 years old, comorbidities, DM, COVID severity, NLR and TLC more than 8 mm3 were considered highly significant predictors for presence of respiratory failure in COVID 19 patients. Cough, fever, bone ache and lymphocytes more than 0.98mm3 were considered significant predictors for presence of respiratory failure in COVID 19 patients.

Conclusion
COVID 19 patients with respiratory failure showed highly significant increase in disease progression, discharge on oxygen therapy and mortality. it was found that age more than 46 years old, comorbidities, DM, COVID severity, NLR and TLC more than 8 mm3 were considered highly significant predictors.
Serum Complement C1q in Egyptian Patients with Incidental Cerebral Small Vessel Disease
Authors: Derbalah Haitham El-Sayed , Amin Aref Hany Mohammed , El-Nahas Nevine Medhat , El-Bassiouny Ahmed Ali , Mohamed Nesrine Aly 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is associated with increased risk of death and ischemic stroke in patients with atherosclerotic disease. Identifying new biomarkers is mandatory for early diagnosis and proper management.

Aim of the Study
The aim of this study is to investigate the role of serum complement C1q as a potential biomarker for early diagnosis of CSVD in a sample of Egyptian patients.

Patients and Methods
30 patients with CVSD and 20 healthy volunteers who were matched for age and sex were recruited. Serum complement C1q was determined by ELISA according to manufacturer instructions.

Results
Serum C1q levels were significantly higher in CVSD patients compared to healthy controls. On the other hand, serum C1q levels were not significantly correlated with clinical symptoms or radiological findings in this population.

Conclusion
Complement C1q may play a role in pathogenesis of incidental cerebral small vessel disease and warrants further studies.
Study of the Association between MTHFR Polymorphism (rs1801133) and the Outcome of Methotrexate Treatment in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patient
Authors: Rafat Mohamed Marwa Mohamed , Shaheen Karim Yehia , Mohamed Noha Refaat , Abdel-Ghani Amani Mohamed , Ahmed Fathi Marium El-Sayed , Badr Mohammed Fatma Mohammed 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease that causes loss of joint function and significantly reduces the quality of life. Methotrexate is one of the disease- modifying anti-rheumatic drugs that can influence treatment efficacy and toxicity. Methotrexate is used as an anchor drug for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and there may be differences in drug action between genotypes.

Aim of the Work
The present study was aimed to evaluate the impact of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene C677T (rs1801133) polymorphism on the clinical outcome of methotrexate treatment as regards treatment efficacy or toxicity in Egyptian rheumatoid arthritis patients.

Subjects and Methods
This study conducted on 45 patients diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis receiving methotrexate as a first line of treatment. Subjects were classified into two groups; group I (responders, n = 25) and group II (non-Responders, n = 20) according to clinical response to methotrexate by using disease activity score (DAS28). Complete blood count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, liver function, renal function, C- reactive protein, cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody and rheumatoid factor were done for all patients. Determination of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene C677T (rs1801133) polymorphism was carried out using Real-time polymerase chain reaction.

Results
The present study did not confirm the presence of a significant association between the genotypic frequencies of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene C677T (rs1801133) polymorphism among the responders and the non-responders group in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. In addition, the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene C677T (rs1801133) polymorphism did not show significant difference between disease complications among the responders and the non-responders groups. On the other hand, our findings suggested that a statistically significant difference was found between two groups of patients regarding disease activity score (DAS 28).

Conclusion
The current study revealed that there is no significant association between the genotypic frequencies of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene C677T (rs1801133) polymorphism among the responders and the non-responders groups of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Moreover, the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene C677T (rs1801133) polymorphism did not show significant difference between disease complications among the responders and the non-responders groups in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
Association between SMAD7 Gene Polymorphism rs4939827 (T&gt;C) and Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Elsaid Shimaa Elmorsi , Elgohary Eman Abdelmoniem , Ahmed Youssri Walaa , Abd-Wahed Marwa Ali , Mahmoud Bahig Nouran , Ahmed Saad Kareem 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a global disease with a high incidence and mortality rates. In Egypt, more than one third of CRC cases occur in individuals aged 40 years or younger and they are diagnosed at advanced stages. Modifiable risk factors include obesity, physical inactivity, diet, and smoking and non-modifiable risk factors such as age, sex play an influential role in CRC etiology. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been shown as appropriate markers that can predict the susceptibility to various diseases such as CRC.

Objective
This study aimed to investigate the association of SMAD7 gene polymorphism (T &gt; C) with CRC.

Materials and Methods
This study was designed as a case–control association study. After obtaining ethical approval and informed consent, blood samples from 30 CRC patients with colorectal cancer were collected and DNA was extracted. The rs4939827 of SMAD7 was genotyped using TaqMan assay Real-Time PCR.

Results
The C allele of SMAD7 rs4939827 could be protective against colorectal cancer risk. Allele frequency in CRC patients compared to controls (50% vs 55%): OR = 1.58, 95%CI (0.72–3.47), p &gt; 0.05.

Conclusion
The study demonstrated the presence of a non statistically significant relation between T&gt;C polymorphism and CRC However, the (C) allele could be protective for CRC and (T) allele could be associated with a higher stage of CRC.
Evaluation of Intralesional Methylene Blue Medicated Photodynamic Therapy versus Intralesional Cryotherapy in Treatment of Anogenital Warts: Comparative Study
Authors: Mohammed Ghada Fathy , El Nahas Khaled Ahmed , Anis Basma Mohamed 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Genital warts caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) are one of the most common sexually transmitted infections with no definitive ideal curative treatment. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) destroys. Both topical crytherapy and MB/PPT were effective treatment modalities of common warts.

Aim of the Work
is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of intralesional cryotherapy in comparison with intralesional methylene blue medicated photodynamic therapy in the treatment of genital warts.

Patients and Methods
Our study included 30 patients with multiple genital warts divided into two equal matched groups. One group was subjected to intralesional cryotherapy and the other was subjected to intralesional methylene blue medicated photodynamic therapy every week for maximum five sessions. Follow-up was done for 8 weeks after last session.

Results
This study reports that both treatment options showed statistically significant value in treatment of genital warts, and here was a statistically significant difference between both study groups as regard response to treatment that was higher in the intralesional cryotherapy group.

Conclusion
Both intralesional cryotherapy and intralesional methylene blue medicated photodynamic therapy are effective modalities for treatment of multiple genital warts with excellent safety profile. Intralesional cryotherapy; being more safe and inexpensive, may be considered as a competing treatment modality for multiple and recurrent genital warts.
Dermoscopic Features of Cutaneous Hypopigmented Lesions
Authors: Moneib Hoda , Elfattah Afify Ahmed Abdel , Mohamed Lobna Abdelfattah , Nagy Marina Refat 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Pigmentation disorders are rather common in dark skin. In India, 11% of patients presenting to the dermatology outpatient department in Western India have pigmentary disorders. Recently, dermoscopy has been involved as an important tool in the diagnosis of various dermatological diseases.

Aim of the Work
The aim of this study was to describe the Dermoscopic features of some hypopigmented skin disorders that may be clinically overlapping in order to facilitate differentiation between these skin disorders.

Patients and Methods
This Cross section descriptive study included 104 patients who complained of patchy or macular hypopigmented lesions.

Results
The most common dermoscopic features of progressive vitiligo were; Perifollicular hyperpigmentation, diffuse white glowing areas, white vellus and terminal hairs. The most common dermoscopic features of repigmenting vitiligo were; perifollicular pigmentation, marginal hyperpigmentation and interfollicular pigmentation. The most common dermoscopic features of stable vitiligo were; starburst appearance and altered pigmentation, marginal hyperpigmentation and perifollicular pigmentation. The most common dermoscopic features of idiopathic guttate hypomelanosis were; multiple, shiny and porceilin like macules, most of the lesions were well- defined (amoeboid pattern), few lesions were ill-defined with irregular cloudy whitish pattern (nebuloid pattern) and hyperpigmented networks were seen on the surrounding skin of some lesions giving the appearance of the cloudy-sky pattern. The most common Dermoscopic features of nevus depigmentosus were; hypopigmented patch with irregular and serrated borders, faint reticular network in some patches, borders showed pseudopods pattern protruding into the normal skin, the surrounding skin was scaly on some lesions and hair was pigmented with no peri-follicular hyperpigmentation. The most common dermoscopic features of pityriasis alba were; fairly demarcated hypopigmented macules, fine scales and hair inside patches of normal color.

Conclusion
Dermoscopy can aid in the diagnosis of hypopigmented skin disorders and can help in assessing the activity of vitiligo, however in sometimes the condition may be challenging and difficult to differentiate even by dermoscopy and in such cases histopathological examination may be helpful.
Needling Technique (with or without Cryotherapy) versus Cryotherapy Alone in Treatment of Multiple Plantar Warts
Authors: Khafagy Naziha Hafez , Elhusseiny Rania Mahmoud , Fouad Abdel Rahman Yasmine Ahmed 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Plantar warts are common benign tumors caused by human papilloma virus (HPV) infection of the epidermal cells with an estimated annual incidence of 14%. Needling, a novel therapeutic approach, stimulates the immune system resulting in clearance of even untreated lesions, in several patients. Introduction of human papilloma virus infected keratinocytes into the subcutaneous layer may facilitate a desired immune response. On the other hand, Cryotherapy, an inexpensive and simple traditional provider administered procedure using liquid nitrogen in a spray or cryoprobe, is frequently used in many countries as a first line of treatment of plantar warts.

Objective
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of immunotherapeutic modality (needling) versus locally destructive modality (cryotherapy), as well as combination of both immunotherapeutic modality and locally destructive modality (cryotherapy) in treatment of multiple plantar warts.

Methods
This is a randomized therapeutical prospective clinical study included 60 patients aged from 19 to 55 years with planter warts (&gt;2) who haven't received treatment for the condition within the previous month, divided into 3 groups, 20 patients per group, one group subjected to needling procedure, another group subjected to cryotherapy and the third group subjected to a combination treatment of both needling and cryotherapy.

Results
Regarding patients' satisfaction, there was a statstical significant difference between the 3 studied groups as regard patients' satisfaction (median/range), being higher in cryotherapy and combined treatment groups than in needling group. This is the rapid effect of cryotherapy in warts treatment which shows higher scores in the 8th week. Also, not all patients are satisfied with needling since it is not commonly used as cryotherapy, which makes patients question its efficacy especially when used alone. As it is a painful procedure that has to be performed with local anesthetic which consumes a lot of time. Regarding reported side effects of our study, patients of needling group experienced pain, mild bleeding and mild infection. While patients of cryotherapy group experienced pain, blistering, infection and high recurrence rates. Patients of the combination treatment group experienced pain, mild bleeding and blistering.

Conclusion
Combining cryotherapy (locally destructive method) and needling (immunotherapeutic method) provides promising results as it combines benefits of cryotherapy, being rapid, safe and shows rapid response together with benefits of needling, being an immuno-stimulant that provides effective, long lasting, minimally invasive, low-cost treatment with excellent safety profile and low recurrence rates for treatment of plantar warts.
Pediatric Septoplasty: Effect on Nasal Breathing and Need for Revision Surgery, Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Attia El Shalma Ahmed Adel , Rabie Amr Nabil , Mohamed El Begermy Marwa , Mounir Michael 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Some children with a deviated nasal septum show no symptoms, but up to 30% have breathing problems. Septal deviation is usually caused by microtrauma during delivery, but in severe cases, trauma is the main cause. Many people fail to recognize septal damage after trauma, &children with untreated septal abnormalities often have severe problems. Thus, we can see why symptoms increase with age.

Objective
This review seeks to establish, through the available literature, the effect of nasal septoplasty among pediatric patients on nasal breathing and need for revision surgery.

Subjects and Methods
Prospective and retrospective studies published in peer-reviewed journals including clinical trial, cohort study, cases, cross sectional.

Results
Five studies.4,5,6,8,9 151 people assessed NOSE pre- and post- pediatric septoplasty. The pooled mean NOSE score difference between pre- and postoperative evaluations was -50.26 (95% CI, -62.55 to -37.97), showing a substantial decrease. In Saeed et al. [20], mean differences ranged from -71 points (95% CI, -75.41 to -66.59) to -30 points in Lee (2017). Surgical benefits were regularly shown. Each year of follow-up did not substantially lower NOSE score improvement by 0.39 (SE = 0.29; P = 0.17; I² = 89.6%) in a meta-regression analysis In children, NOSE score improvement increased by 6.36 per year (SE = 1.14; P = &lt;0.001; I² = 34.45%). In a meta-regression research on revision rates following pediatric septoplasty, each year of follow-up raised the rate by 0.13 (SE 0.02; P &lt; 0.001; I² = 4.78%). However, revision rates were not significantly associated with each year of pediatric age (coefficient, -0.39; SE 0.22; P = 0.075; I² = 86.25%).

Conclusion
Septoplasty improves nasal airway function and nasal obstruction in children, according to this comprehensive review and meta-analysis. NOSE Scale disease specific QOL improved significantly after pediatric septoplasty. According to the meta-regression analysis (Table 7), each year of follow-up time resulted in a 0.39 drop in NOSE score improvement (SE = 0.29; P = 0.17; I² = 89.6%). Each year of pediatric age increased NOSE score improvement by 6.36.