bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HOXB13 promotes proliferation, migration, and invasion of glioblastoma through transcriptional upregulation of lncRNA HOXC‐AS3
Authors: Wang Xi , Sun Yi , Xu Tuoye , Qian Kai , Huang Baosheng , Zhang Kaixin , Song Zewu , Qian Tengda , Shi Jing , Li Lixin 
Published: May 2019

AbstractHOXB13 exerts a close relation in several human cancers. This study explored the role of HOXB13 in glioblastoma (GBM), a brain tissue with the highest aggressive rate and mortality in adults. Through microarray and immunohistochemistry analyses, HOXB13 was highly expressed in GBM tissues. Furthermore, we showed that high‐level expression of HOXB13 in GBM was associated with worse survival, suggesting that HOXB13 could be a prognostic marker for patients with GBM. GBM cells U87 and U251 overexpressing HOXB13 showed enhanced proliferation, migration, and invasion relative to the control cells, while knockdown of HOXB13 led to decreased cell proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities. In addition, dual‐luciferase report assay, chromatin immunoprecipitation assay, and quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction data showed that HOXB13 directly bound to HOXC‐AS3 promoter. HOXC‐AS3 was involved in HOXB13‐induced proliferation, migration, and invasion of GBM cells. In summary, this study revealed the prognostic potential of HOXB13 in GBM. We believed that HOXB13/HOXC‐AS3 signaling axis can be served as therapeutic targets for this highly aggressive cancer.
Functional suppression of Epiregulin impairs angiogenesis and aggravates left ventricular remodeling by disrupting the extracellular‐signal‐regulated kinase1/2 signaling pathway in rats after acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Cai Ying , Xie Kang‐Ling , Wu Huan‐Lin , Wu Kai 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAcute myocardial infarction (AMI), a severe consequence of coronary atherosclerotic heart disease, is often associated with high mortality and morbidity. Emerging evidence have shown that the inhibition of the extracellular‐signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway appears to protect against AMI. Epiregulin (EREG) is an autocrine growth factor that is believed to activate the MEK/ERK signaling pathway. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine the expression patterns of EREG in AMI and to further study its effects on AMI induced experimentally in rats focusing on angiogenesis and left ventricular remodeling. Microarray‐based gene expression profiling of AMI was used to identify differentially expressed genes. To understand the biological significance of EREG and whether it is involved in AMI disease through the ERK1/2 signaling pathway, rats after AMI were treated with small interfering RNA (siRNA) against EREG, an ERK1/2 pathway inhibitor, PD98059, or both of them. The microarray data sets GSE66360 and GSE46395 showed that EREG was robustly induced in AMI. Both siRNA‐mediated depletion of EREG and PD98059 treatment were shown to significantly increase infarct size and left ventricular cardiomyocyte loss and enhance left ventricular remodeling. In addition, we also found that the ERK1/2 signaling pathway was inhibited following siRNA‐mediated EREG inhibition and PD98059 could enhance the effects of EREG inhibition on AMI. In conclusion, these findings highlight that the silencing of EREG inhibits angiogenesis and promotes left ventricular remodeling by disrupting the ERK1/2 signaling pathway, providing a novel therapeutic target for limiting AMI.
Chronic myeloid leukemia‐derived exosomes attenuate adipogenesis of adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells via transporting miR‐92a‐3p
Authors: Wan Zhuo , Chen Xutao , Gao Xiaotong , Dong Yan , Zhao Yingxin , Wei Mengying , Fan Wen , Yang Guodong , Liu Li 
Published: May 2019

AbstractCancer‐associated cachexia (CAC) has tremendous effects on the patient's tolerance to chemotherapy and the quality of life, especially in the advanced stages, such as the acute and terminal stages of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). However, the underlying mechanisms and mediators remain unclear. Here, we showed that mice injected with CML‐derived exosomes had significant weight loss and great drop of body fat rate. In the meanwhile, we found that CML‐derived exosomes could be taken up by adipose tissue, and, in turn, suppressed the adipogenic ability of adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs). By RNA sequencing, miR‐92a‐3p was found highly expressed in both CML cells and the derivative exosomes. Mechanistically, miR‐92a‐3p inhibited adipogenesis of ADSCs via posttranscriptionally decreasing C/EBPα expression when transferred into the ADSCs with the exosomes, and encapsulating miR‐92a‐3p inhibitor into CML exosomes blocked the antiadipogenic effects of CML exosomes. In addition, we also found that miR‐92a‐3p was highly expressed in exosomes from some other types of cancers that cause cachexia. These results demonstrate that adipogenesis inhibition by tumor‐derived exosomes, mainly exosomal microRNAs like miR‐92a‐3p, are the main mediators for CAC.
Assessment of the expression pattern of mTOR‐associated lncRNAs and their genomic variants in the patients with breast cancer
Authors: Taherian‐Esfahani Zahra , Taheri Mohammad , Dashti Sepideh , Kholghi‐Oskooei Vahid , Geranpayeh Lobat , Ghafouri‐Fard Soudeh 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a fundamental component of a signaling pathway that is involved in the pathogenesis of breast cancer via different mechanisms. This pathway is functionally linked with a number of small nucleolar RNA host genes (SNHGs). In the present project, we have searched for the expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) within SNHGs that are possibly involved in the pathogenesis of breast cancer. Following this in silico step, we have assessed expression levels of mTOR and four SNHGs in malignant and nonmalignant samples obtained from 80 patients with breast cancer. We also genotyped rs4615861 of SNHG3 and rs3087978 of SNHG5 in the peripheral blood of patients. SNHG12 expression was not detected in any of the assessed malignant or nonmalignant tissues. So this gene was excluded from further steps. Expression of mTOR and other three long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) were significantly increased in the malignant tissues compared with the nonmalignant tissues. When classifying patients into down‐/upregulation categorized based on the transcript levels of each gene in malignant tissue versus nonmalignant tissues, we noticed associations between expression of SNHG1 and stage (p = 0.03), expression of SNHG5 and grade (p = 0.05), as well as between expression of SNHG3 and history of oral contraceptive use (p = 0.04). We also detected higher levels of SNHG3 expression in estrogen receptor/progesterone receptor (ER/PR) negative tumors compared with the ER/PR positive tumors (p  = 0.003 and p = 0.01, respectively). Moreover, there was a trend toward higher expression of this lncRNA in HER2‐positive tumors compared with the HER2‐negative ones (p = 0.07). Combination of transcript levels of all genes could differentiate malignant tissues from nonmalignant tissues with the diagnostic power of 69% (p = 0.0001). The rs3087978 was associated with the expression of mTOR in malignant tissues in a way that TT and TG genotypes were associated with the higher and lower levels of expressions, respectively (p = 0.01). The current study underscores the significance of SNHGs in the pathogenesis of breast cancer.
Influence of Calcineurin Inhibitor and Sex on Mycophenolic Acid Pharmacokinetics and Adverse Effects Post–Renal Transplant
Authors: Meaney Calvin J. , Sudchada Patcharaporn , Consiglio Joseph D. , Wilding Gregory E. , Cooper Louise M. , Venuto Rocco C. , Tornatore Kathleen M. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractTacrolimus or cyclosporine is prescribed with mycophenolic acid posttransplant and contributes to interpatient variability in mycophenolic acid pharmacokinetics and response. Cyclosporine inhibits enterohepatic circulation of the metabolite mycophenolic acid glucuronide, which is not described with tacrolimus. This study investigated mycophenolic acid pharmacokinetics and adverse effects in stable renal transplant recipients and the association with calcineurin inhibitors, sex, and race. Mycophenolic acid and mycophenolic acid glucuronide area under the concentration‐time curve from 0 to 12 hours (AUC0‐12h) and apparent clearance were determined at steady state in 80 patients receiving cyclosporine with mycophenolate mofetil and 67 patients receiving tacrolimus with mycophenolate sodium. Gastrointestinal adverse effects and hematologic parameters were evaluated. Statistical models evaluated mycophenolic acid pharmacokinetics and adverse effects. Mycophenolic acid AUC0‐12h was 1.70‐fold greater with tacrolimus (68.9 ± 30.9 mg·h/L) relative to cyclosporine (40.8 ± 17.6 mg·h/L); P < .001. Target mycophenolic acid AUC0‐12h of 30–60 mg·h/L was achieved in 56.3% on cyclosporine compared with 34.3% receiving tacrolimus (P < .001). Mycophenolic acid clearance was 48% slower with tacrolimus (10.6 ± 4.7 L/h) relative to cyclosporine (20.5 ± 10.0 L/h); P < .001. Enterohepatic circulation occurred less frequently with cyclosporine (45%) compared with tacrolimus (78%); P < 0.001; with a 2.9‐fold greater mycophenolic acid glucuronide AUC0‐12h to mycophenolic acid AUC0‐12h ratio (P < .001). Race did not affect mycophenolic acid pharmacokinetics. Gastrointestinal adverse effect scores were 2.2‐fold higher with tacrolimus (P < .001) and more prominent in women (P = .017). Lymphopenia was more prevalent with tacrolimus (52.2%) than cyclosporine (22.5%); P < 0.001. Calcineurin inhibitors and sex contributed to interpatient variability in mycophenolic acid pharmacokinetics and adverse effects post–renal transplant, which could be attributed to differences in enterohepatic circulation.
3‐Color bipartite Ramsey number of cycles and paths
Authors: Bucić Matija , Letzter Shoham , Sudakov Benny 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe ‐color bipartite Ramsey number of a bipartite graph is the least integer for which every ‐edge‐colored complete bipartite graph contains a monochromatic copy of . The study of bipartite Ramsey numbers was initiated, over 40 years ago, by Faudree and Schelp and, independently, by Gyárfás and Lehel, who determined the 2‐color Ramsey number of paths. In this paper we determine asymptotically the 3‐color bipartite Ramsey number of paths and (even) cycles.
The role of type 2 innate lymphoid cells in eosinophilic asthma
Authors: Salter Brittany M , Aw Michael , Sehmi Roma 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Eosinophilic asthma has conventionally been proposed to be a T helper 2 driven disease but emerging evidence supports a central role of type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s). These are non-T, non-B cells that lack antigen specificity and produce more IL-5 and IL-13 than CD4+ T lymphocytes, on a cell per cell basis, in vitro. Although it is clear that ILC2s and CD4+ T cells work in concert with each other to drive type 2 immune responses, kinetic studies in allergic asthma suggest that ILC2s may act locally within the airways to “initiate” eosinophilic responses, whereas CD4+ T cells act locally and systemically to “perpetuate” eosinophilic inflammatory responses. Importantly, ILC2s are increased within the airways of severe asthmatics, with the greatest number of IL-5+IL-13+ILC2s being detected in sputum from severe asthmatics with uncontrolled eosinophilia despite high-dose steroid therapy. Although the precise relationship between ILC2s and steroid sensitivity in asthma remains unclear, controlling the activation of ILC2s within the airways may provide an effective therapeutic target for eosinophilic inflammation in airways diseases.
MRI‐Based Radiomics Signature for the Preoperative Prediction of Extracapsular Extension of Prostate Cancer
Authors: Ma Shuai , Xie Huihui , Wang Huihui , Han Chao , Yang Jiejin , Lin Zhiyong , Li Yifan , He Qun , Wang Rui , Cui Yingpu , Zhang Xiaodong , Wang Xiaoying 
Published: May 2019

BackgroundRadiomics approaches based on multiparametric MRI (mp‐MRI) have shown high accuracy in prostate cancer (PCa) management. However, there is a need to apply radiomics to the preoperative prediction of extracapsular extension (ECE).PurposeTo develop and validate a radiomics signature to preoperatively predict the probability of ECE for patients with PCa, compared with the radiologists' interpretations.Study TypeRetrospective.PopulationIn total, 210 patients with pathology‐confirmed ECE status (101 positive, 109 negative) were enrolled.Field Strength/SequenceT2‐weighted imaging (T2WI), diffusion‐weighted imaging, and dynamic contrast‐enhanced imaging were performed on two 3.0T MR scanners.AssessmentA radiomics signature was constructed to predict the probability of ECE prior to radical prostatectomy (RP). In all, 17 stable radiomics features of 1619 extracted features based on T2WI were selected. The same images were also evaluated by three radiologists. The predictive performance of the radiomics signature was validated and compared with radiologists' interpretations.Statistical TestsA radiomics signature was developed by a least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression algorithm. Samples enrolled were randomly divided into two groups (143 for training and 67 for validation). Discrimination, calibration, and clinical usefulness were validated by analysis of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, calibration curve, and the decision curve, respectively. The predictive performance was then compared with visual assessments of three radiologists.ResultsThe radiomics signature yielded an AUC of 0.902 and 0.883 in the training and validation cohort, respectively, and outperformed the visual assessment (AUC: 0.600–0.697) in the validation cohort. Pairwise comparisons demonstrated that the radiomics signature was more sensitive than the radiologists (75.00% vs. 46.88%–50.00%, all P < 0.05), but obtained comparable specificities (91.43% vs. (88.57%–94.29%); P ranged from 0.64–1.00).Data ConclusionA radiomics signature was developed and validated that outperformed the radiologists' visual assessments in predicting ECE status.Level of Evidence: 4Technical Efficacy Stage: 2J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2019;50:1914–1925.
Bi‐Cruciate Retaining Total Knee Arthroplasty Does Not Restore Native Tibiofemoral Articular Contact Kinematics During Gait
Authors: Tsai Tsung‐Yuan , Liow Ming Han Lincoln , Li Guoan , Arauz Paul , Peng Yun , Klemt Christian , Kwon Young‐Min 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTBi‐cruciate retaining (BCR) total knee arthroplasty (TKA) design preserves both anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments with the potential to restore normal posterior femoral rollback and joint kinematics. Abnormal knee kinematics and “paradoxical” anterior femoral translation in conventional TKA designs have been suggested as potential causes of patient dissatisfaction. However, there is a paucity of data on the in vivo kinematics and articular contact behavior of BCR‐TKA. This study aimed to investigate in vivo kinematics, articular contact position, and pivot point location of the BCR‐TKA during gait. In vivo kinematics of 30 patients with unilateral BCR‐TKA during treadmill walking was determined using validated dual fluoroscopic imaging tracking technique. The BCR‐TKA exhibited less extension than the normal healthy knee between heel strike and 48% of gait cycle. Although the average external rotation trend observed for BCR TKA was similar to the normal healthy knee, the range of motion was not fully comparable. The lowest point of the medial condyle showed longer anteroposterior translation excursion than the lateral condyle, leading to a lateral‐pivoting pattern in 60% of BCR TKA patients during stance phase. BCR‐TKA demonstrated no statistical significant differences in anterior–posterior translation as well as varus rotation, when compared to normal healthy knees during the stance phase. However, sagittal plane motion and tibiofemoral articular contact characteristics including pivoting patterns were not fully restored in BCR TKA patients during gait, suggesting that BCR TKA does not restore native tibiofemoral articular contact kinematics. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 37:1929–1937, 2019
Monitoring ecosystem service change in the City of Shenzhen by the use of high‐resolution remotely sensed imagery and deep learning
Authors: Huang Xin , Han Xiaopeng , Ma Song , Lin Tianjia , Gong Jianya 
Published: May 2019

AbstractInformation concerning land‐use change is imperative for improving conservation policies that promote sustainable land development. However, to date, most of the previous studies have largely focused on the use of coarse‐ or moderate‐resolution data, with which it may not be possible to identify the land‐use classes in urban environments. Due to the improved spatial details, high‐resolution (HR) remote sensing imagery provides us with an opportunity for the semantic interpretation of urban landscapes. Therefore, in this study, we took the City of Shenzhen (1997 km2) in China as an example to assess the detailed land‐use change and its effect on ecosystem services (ESs), based on HR satellite data from 2005 to 2017. In particular, deep learning was used to obtain accurate land‐use maps, because this technique is able to model the hierarchical representations of features and can thus effectively characterize urban scenes. The results revealed the following findings: (a) The overall accuracy of the proposed approach was 96.9% and 97.1% for 2005 and 2017, respectively, outperforming state‐of‐the‐art semantic classification models; (b) residential and commercial areas in Shenzhen increased dramatically over the study period by 10,416 and 9,168 ha, at the expense of ecological land; (c) supply capacity of the ecosystem decreased by 13.7%, but demand for ESs showed an increase of 23.5%. By courtesy of HR images, detailed land‐use changes and the associated ESs can be monitored, which facilitates the in‐depth understanding of urban environmental systems.
Scaled boundary finite element method for compressible and nearly incompressible elasticity over arbitrary polytopes
Authors: Aladurthi Lakshmi Narasimha Pramod , Natarajan Sundararajan , Ooi Ean Tat , Song Chongmin 
Published: May 2019

SummaryIn this paper, a purely displacement‐based formulation is presented within the framework of the scaled boundary finite element method to model compressible and nearly incompressible materials. A selective reduced integration technique combined with an analytical treatment in the nearly incompressible limit is employed to alleviate volumetric locking. The stiffness matrix is computed by solving the scaled boundary finite element equation. The salient feature of the proposed technique is that it neither requires a stabilization parameter nor adds additional degrees of freedom to handle volumetric locking. The efficiency and the robustness of the proposed approach is demonstrated by solving various numerical examples in two and three dimensions.
Homogenized enriched model for blast wave propagation in metaconcrete with viscoelastic compliant layer
Authors: Tan Swee Hong , Poh Leong Hien , Tkalich Dmitry 
Published: May 2019

SummaryIn this contribution, a reduced‐order homogenization approach is adopted and extended to incorporate the linear viscoelasticity effect. A homogenized enriched model emerges from the homogenization framework, which is utilized here for the analysis of blast wave propagation in metaconcrete with linear viscoelastic compliant layer(s). A semidiscrete equation of motion for the unit cell is first extracted for micro‐macro transition, through a series of transformations to effect the periodic boundary conditions and model reduction, respectively. The ensuing microbalance and macrobalance of momenta are next subjected to spatial and temporal discretizations toward a system of equations to be solved numerically. The predictive capability of the proposed model is demonstrated through a series of benchmark examples involving several metaconcrete variants. It is observed that the dual resonator configuration achieves a greater extent of wave attenuation than the single resonator counterpart.
Treatment and outcomes in classic Hodgkin lymphoma post‐transplant lymphoproliferative disorder in children
Authors: Twist Clare J. , Hiniker Susan M. , Gratzinger Dita , Gutkin Paulina M. , Merriott David J. , Iagaru Andrei , Link Michael P. , Donaldson Sarah S. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractClassic Hodgkin lymphoma post‐transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (HL‐PTLD) has been rarely reported in children, with limited data available to guide treatment decisions. We report a retrospective review of five children diagnosed with classic HL‐PTLD following solid organ transplant between 2007 and 2013 at Stanford University. Patients were treated with Stanford V chemotherapy and involved field radiation therapy. With a median follow‐up of 7.2 years (range, 4.7–10.5 years) since diagnosis, all patients remain in remission from HL‐PTLD and free from graft failure. In this series, combined modality therapy with risk‐adapted chemotherapy and radiation therapy was a successful strategy for the treatment of classic HL‐PTLD.
Improved interlaminar crack resistance of glass fiber/poly (phenylene sulfide) thermoplastic composites modified with multiwalled carbon nanotubes
Authors: Zhang Tao , Chen Junlin , Wang Kai , Zhao Yan 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTThe influences of carboxyl multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) on the interlaminar crack initiation and propagation behaviors of glass fiber reinforced poly(phenylene sulphide) (PPS) composites prepared by aqueous suspension prepregging were studied. Interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) as well as the mode‐I fracture toughness was evaluated as a function of the MWNTs contents in the PPS resin. Failure morphology was also investigated to figure out the toughening mechanism. The laminates modified with 1 wt% MWNTs were found to perform 23% and 25% higher ILSS and fracture toughness, respectively. The significant increase indicated that interlaminar damage resistance and tolerance were raised by the addition of MWNTs.
Differences in perinatal outcomes according to forming period of single umbilical cord in singleton pregnancy
Authors: Nakamura Masamitsu , Oba Tomohiro , Takita Hiroko , Tokunaka Mayumi , Arakaki Tatsuya , Goto Minako , Koyano Maya , Hamada Shoko , Matsuoka Ryu , Sekizawa Akihiko 
Published: May 2019

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this study was to establish the frequency and associations of single umbilical artery (SUA) diagnosed until the first vs second or third trimester.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted on singleton pregnancies at a tertiary perinatal center. All women underwent both the first and second trimester scans in which the number of arteries in the umbilical cord was routinely documented. SUA was classified as aplastic type when the diagnosis was made in the first trimester and as occlusion type when diagnosed in the second or third trimester. Adverse perinatal outcome was calculated as occurrence of fetal death, birthweight centile < 10th, or Apgar score at 5 minutes < 7.ResultsA total of 8675 women underwent ultrasound examinations during the study period. Of the 32 SUA cases, 17 (0.2%) were of the aplastic type and 15 (0.2%) of the occlusion type. Congenital anomalies were more in aplastic than in occlusive SUA (58.8% vs 20%, .043). The occlusive SUA had higher postnatal coiling index (0.3 vs 0.2, .034) and diagnosis of hypercoiled cord (46.7% vs 5.9%, .013) than the aplastic type.ConclusionsThe different gestational age at diagnosis and coiling characteristics suggest two types of SUA, namely, aplastic and occlusion types, which are associated with differences in perinatal outcomes.