bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Corporate Governance and Directors Duty to Act in Good Faith and in the Best Interest of the Company: The Malaysian Experience
Authors: Masum Ahmad , Nizam Salahudin Shahrul , Hanan Haji Abdul Aziz Hajah 
Published: July 2019

Corporate governance is not a legal term. It is a term that refers broadly to the rules, processes, or laws by which businesses are operated, regulated, and controlled. It has traditionally specified the rules of business decision making that apply to the internal mechanisms of companies. Corporate governance mechanisms have the purpose of monitoring and controlling the management of corporations resulting in more effective management and to enhance shareholder value. The aim of this paper is to examine the duty of company directors to act in good faith and in the best interest of the company by way of making reference to the Malaysian experience. This paper adopts a legal library based research methodology focusing mainly on primary and secondary legal sources. The paper concludes that although directors must exercise their discretion in good faith, the fiduciary duty to act in good faith in the interests of the company is a subjective duty. There is no breach where the directors act in what they honestly believe to be in the interests of the company. The courts are generally reluctant to override the business judgment of directors. The paper recommends that courts should adopt a flexible approach in dealing with directorsâ€™ duty to act in good faith and in the best interest of the company. The erosion of a directorâ€™s obligation to act in good faith does not bode well for the modern corporation and the economy, and a meaningful interpretation of â€œnot in good faithâ€ is necessary to help halt the erosion.Â Â Â Â Â
Research on Effects of Internal Marketing: A Review
Authors: Bich Hanh Tran Thi , . . 
Published: July 2019

With the increased competition in the temporary economy, organizations increasingly strive for progressive practices to achieve organizational goals. Internal marketing â€“ treating employees as customers â€“ has recently been suggested as an effective approach to reach positive organizational outcomes. Though research of internal marketing recently increased dramatically, a large number of the studies are case studies and lack strong theoretical backgrounds. A review of internal marketing research is valuable for future research to gain an insight of the research streams of internal marketing and so identifying the compelling areas to pursue. This review attempts to analyze the research of internal marketing and suggest potential directions for future research.Â Â Â
Does Financial Sector Development facilitate in the ASEAN Economic Communityâ€™s Financial Integration?
Authors: S. Patiu Liberty 
Published: July 2019

The development of the financial services industry is crucial to the harmonious financial integration in East Asia.Â The ASEAN region is a host of member states with different levels of financial and economic developments.Â This study determines the level of development in the financial services sector among the ASEAN5 member states from 2002 to 2013 and explores the opportunities where financial integration may be undertaken in the light of the establishment of the ASEAN Economic Community in 2015.Â Member states exhibited high economic growth levels since the Asian Financial Crisis, which was spurred by the heightened competitiveness in the region brought about by the increase in inter- and intra-regional trade, investments and production network.Â It was found that there is high intermediation in the financial system and majority of the ASEAN5 Member States still employ the bank-based financial system compared to non-banks and financial markets.Â The region will slowly shifts from bank-based to market-based system, as changes in the financial architecture will become increasingly evident in the near future to enable smooth transition of the region into an economically integrated region.Â Financial supervisors are faced with the challenges of providing sound financial environment, strong supervisory/regulatory framework and better institutional arrangements to stimulate further development of the financial services industry. Advanced economies will lead the region in increasing depth, in promoting financial soundness and in deepening collaboration among member states where reform priorities and financial convergence are crucial.Â Â
A Flash Flood Early Warning System for Rural Kenya: A Pilot Study
Authors: Ir Vinesh Thiruchelvam Prof. Dr. , Stella Nyambura Mbau 
Published: July 2019

The cost of climate change has increased phenomenally in recent years. Therefore, understanding climate change and its impacts, that are likely to get worse and worse into the future, gives us the ability to predict scenarios and plan for them. Flash floods, which are a common result of climate change, follow increased precipitation which then increases risk and associated vulnerability due to the unpredictable rainfall patterns. Developing countries suffer grave consequences in the event that weather disasters strike because they have the least adaptive capacity. At the equator where the hot days are hotter and winds carrying rainfall move faster, Kenyaâ€™s Tana River County is noted for its vulnerability towards flash floods. Additionally, this county and others that are classified as rural areas in Kenya do not receive short term early warnings for floods. This county was therefore selected as the study area for its vulnerability. The aim of the study is therefore to propose a flash flood early warning system framework that delivers short term early warnings. Using questionnaires, information about the existing warning system will be collected and analyzed using SPSS. The results will be used to interpret the relationships between variables of the study, with a particular interest in the moderation effect in order to confirm that the existing system can be modified; that is, if the moderation effect is confirmed.Â Â Â
Influence Contextual Factor on the Indonesian Journalistâ€™s Job Competency: Proactive Behavior as Mediator
Authors: Nuraeni Reni , Tan Cheng-Ling , Azwan Azmawati Azman 
Published: July 2019

This study focuses on examining the influence of contextual factor on the Indonesian Journalistâ€™s Job Competency. The literature review indicated journalist practices of a contextual factor influence Journalistâ€™s Job Competency. The synthesis of the literature reveals that the proactive behavior can be used as a mediator to link the relationships of a contextual factor, and Journalistâ€™s Job Competency. So far, no attempt has been made to integrate the journalist factor of contextual with adaptive journalist proactive behavior. This study aims to trigger the better understanding of the factors that can help to improve the journalist job competency. This proposed conceptual frameworks would be tested empirically via survey questionnaires.Â Â Â
The Influences of Motivation, Opportunity and Ability on Customer to Customer Online Know-How Exchange and Social Identity as a moderator in Indonesian Z Generation
Authors: Nugrahani Machali Rahutami , Abdul Wahid Nabsiah 
Published: July 2019

This study examines the influences of motivation, opportunity, and ability on customer to customer online know-how exchange and social identity as a moderator in Indonesian Z generation. This study focuses on the behavior of Indonesian Z generation. The study is designed to be quantitative in nature. The causal relationship between variables will be investigated via an online questionnaire that will be distributed to Indonesian Z generation.Â Â
Hypermarket Brand Extension Products and Service Experience
Authors: Hassan Hasliza , Sabbir Rahman Muhammad , Bakar Sade Abu 
Published: July 2019

This cross-sectional research examines the acceptance of consumers in hypermarket brand extension products and the enhancement of service experience being offered by hypermarkets in Malaysia by exploring the data collected through descriptive and cross-tabulation analyses. The majority of consumers in Malaysia accept the hypermarket brand extension products and service experience that are being offered by the hypermarkets. The consumer purchases and consumes the hypermarket brand extension products and service experience concurrently. The findings from this research offer a significant outcome in which the hypermarket retailers should provide a wider variety of products and service experience as an additional option for the consumers to choose. It is expected that this research will provide a breakthrough to determine how far hypermarkets could extend the retail brand in both products and services, and how this effort could be beneficial to the stakeholders. The concept of integrated marketing is explored further in this study by looking at the integration of products and services to deliver greater consumer value.Â Â Â
Exploring Attributes of Ethical Leadership and Ethical Guidelines in Malaysian Public Sector
Authors: Mohamed Norazamina , Abdullah Azizah , Marha Yaacob Najihah , Ahmad Suraya 
Published: July 2019

State departments, federal departments, statutory bodies, local authorities and district and land office of Malaysian Public Sector are responsible to provide ethical and efficient public services. However, due to the absence of ethical leadership and organizational ethical guidelines, cases of corruption and mismanagement continue to occur in the public sector. Thus, the objective of this paper is to explore the attributes of ethical leadership and ethical guidelines in Malaysian public sector. This study employs a qualitative research by analyzing data from interviews with key informers of public sector using conceptual content analysis. The study reveals role model, attachment, ethical support, knowledgeable, disciplined, shared values, virtue values and leaders’ spirituality encouragement as the attributes of ethical leadership. Meanwhile, guidance, communication, check and balance, concern on stakeholders and compliance are the attributes of ethical guidelines. These identified attributes should become the ethical identity and ethical direction of Malaysian Public Sector. Thus, ethical leadership and ethical guidelines are to be the internal mechanism for organizational ethical self-identity precautionary. This would enhance the public trust as well as the international community trust towards public sector.
Design and Development of Mach Zehnder Interferometer based Optical Sensors to Detection of Arsenic compound in Drinking Water
Authors: Afzal Nehal Shaikh , Mukherjee Anindita , Manju Devi Dr. 
Published: July 2019

Water, the inevitable need of any individual, must be monitored. Detection of the arsenic chemical present in water leads to contagious diseases. The legacy makes people difficult to survive. The consequences are cancer, other diseases. Employing photonic crystal waveguide with the rally round of mach Zehnder interferometer, it is feasible to correctly compute arsenic compound level in water. MZI sensor has many compensation, diminutive, least use of instrumentation, and ready to be used with CMOS technology. Follows in the paper, arsenic compound level of wavelength range of 1530–1565 nm is analyzed and detected. Experiential program from the band arrangement that for minute change in refractive index is accounted, subsequently logical shift in the frequency and amplitude will be evident enlarging mach Zehnder interferometer will behave as a sensor. Thus projected alternate included optical Mach Zehnder Interferometer (MZI), composed of graded index channel waveguide that can be frequently used as chemical and biological sensor in this manuscript. This dissertation describes how the MZI operates two arms predominantly to conquer the industrial challenges. Manuscript represents test data, graph and results that exemplify the performance of whole system.
Workplace Deviant Behavior among Malaysia hotel Employees. Does organizational Factors Matter?
Authors: Alias Mazni , Kok Wai Chew , Ahmad Zauwiyah , Mutalib Azim Abdul 
Published: July 2019

This study aims to develop a theoretical model of the determinants of workplace deviant behaviour among Malaysia hotel employees. From our extensive reviews, we found that organisational-related factors are potential in predicting hotel employee’s deviant behaviour. We established that organisational justice, trust in management, work autonomy, organisational constraint and organisational ethical climate as the organisational-related factors potential to influence deviant behaviour. Practical involvements of HR professionals were recommended to support organisation in eradicating deviant behaviour at workplace.
Environmental Management Influence for Shade Trees on the temperature Reduction of yhe building.
Authors: Khunthong Thanawuth , . . 
Published: July 2019

Thailand is located in a humid tropical climate and near the equator. Thus the average air temperature is high throughout the year. Environmental factors factors such as the sun, wind and humidity affects residential buildings especially, heat from the sun is a main factor, which leads a problems of heat inside the buildings (Prawewan Amornpong, 2001). Therefore, Installling air conditioning inside the buildings is the solution for this problem. However, from the study on the properties of plants it was found that plants are effective in blocking the sun's rays as well as effectively maintaining the air temperature in the area (Soontorn Boonyathikarn, 1999). So, planting trees to prevent the sunlight, as shade to reduce sun heat in the buildings should be an approach, which could be adopted to decrease the use of air conditioning and also energy consumption in buildings (Trungjai Buranasompob, 2000). This research aims (1) to study and create design guidelines on landscape models which conforms to the environment of sunlight and wind in the central region of Thailand and (2) to propose the guidelines on architectural landscape designs and plants’ setting around the buildings in 8 directions; North (N), Northeast (NE), East (E), Southeast (SE), South (S), Southwe st (SW), West (W) and Northwest (NW). The results found that the landscape model included the setting on plants as shade at all sides of the building envelope during 08.00-17.00 PM of the day throughout the year. These can reduce the air temperature of the building envelope as well as the average temperature inside the buildings, this showed a decrease in temperature by as much as 3.95°C or 13.478% compared with the average exterior air temperature of the buildings throughout the year.
Significance of Regulations in Driving Internal Environmental Management among Contractors for GSCM Application
Authors: Ming Heng Yong , Zakiyuddin Ahmad Rashid Zul , Riazi Mehdi Riazi Salman 
Published: July 2019

This paper is aiming to study the significance of Regulations as driver in Internal Environment Management practice as part of GSCM practices. Accordingly, the objectives are to identify the drivers in driving Internal Environmental Management among Contractors for GSCM application and to analyse the significance of Regulations in comparison to other Drivers in driving Internal Environmental Management among Contractors for GSCM application. Quantitative research design approach is employed in this study. The independent variables in this study are the drivers of GSCM implementation in construction sector, while the dependent variable is the level of adoption of Internal Environmental Management for GSCM application in the construction sector. The result shows that Regulations driver is the significant factor for Internal Environmental Management practice. The research is significant in providing all relevant parties insights into the most significant driver in Internal Environmental Management, so that further improvement can be carried out for a successful GSCM application in Malaysia.Â Â
Receiving and Responding to WhatsApp Official Group Messages Among Employees: An Early Interpretation Analysis
Authors: Omar Nuredayu , Su Mustaffa Che , Abu Talib Zuraidah 
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this article is to provide an initial analysis of the study related to the process of receiving and responding to the WhatsApp official group messages at work. Many previous studies have focused on the usage factors, advantages and disadvantages, as well as the implications of using WhatsApp. But this paper will reveal the interpretation of a small group of employees at Universiti Utara Malaysia of their roles and actions related to WhatsApp official group messages. A total number of five administrative and academic staffs had been involved in this initial study.Â The results of this initial study will be used to strengthen the interview questions for the next phases of this study - focus groups and in-depth interviews, as well as the development of a questionnaire instrument. This initial study revealed that all Informants have joined at least one WhatsApp official group and have a number of other WhatsApp groups. Three dominant themes emerged and had been interpreted from the data as related to reception and feedback to the WhatsApp messages, namely the reception and message development; the use of appropriate grammar and manners; and the awareness of time value, respect differences, and message impacts to the organization. This study contributes to an understanding of the real situation of the usage of WhatsApp group in an organization where the selected employees are aware that every message they want to share with others may affect their organization.Â Â
Expert Views on Metacognitive Strategies for Arabic Language Learning: An Application of the Fuzzy Delphi Method
Authors: Hanan Mustapha Nik , Mohmad Rouyan Nurazan , Farhan Mustapha Nik , Daud Nadwah , Shukri Mat Teh Kamarul 
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this paper is to seek expert opinion on the importance of each of the metacognitive strategies. It uses the Fuzzy Delphi Method which is a scientific analysis technique to obtain expert consensus on a particular issue. In this paper, ten experts in the field of Arabic language teaching from five public universities in Malaysia participated to rank the importance of nine metacognitive strategies from the Strategy Inventory for Language Learning (Oxford, 1989). Findings indicate that they agree on the importance of the know-how knowledge, superiority of planning over monitoring and evaluation as well as the need to be aware on how fluent speakers perform. This paper concludes with a discussion on the expertsâ€™ ranking in the light of Arabic language learning.Â Â Â
Effectiveness of Maintenance and Inspection Process using Augmented Reality Application
Authors: Abdul Aziz Faieza , Alostad Eisa , Arifin Ahmad Kamarul , Sulaiman Shamsuddin , Chun Hoe Ooi 
Published: July 2019

Augmented reality is the integration of digital information and userâ€™s real life environment. It overlays virtual information on top of existing environment to userâ€™s perception towards the reality. Technicians and engineers in automotive industry at workshops today have mountains of data and information for diagnostics and repair. The worker must search for the information, and then manually check to see if he can assess the problem and repair what is not functional. Worker must refer to a printed drawing of the testing body, with the inspection parts marked on this drawing. Augmented reality application is proposed to replace these conventional references to eliminate their disadvantages. The objectives of this paper are to develop an augmented reality applicationto and evaluate the effectiveness of augmented reality application developed. Vuforia, Blender and Unity were used to develop augmented reality application due to their easy to use features. The application developed will be tested by respondents to conduct inspection and maintenance process using both conventional references and augmented reality application developed. Survey will also be carried out to evaluate the acceptance level of locals towards augmented reality application as well. The technology has proven to be popular in the automotive industry.Â Â
Social Process and Cohabitation: A Trend of the New Generations
Authors: Ounjit Laila Wilailak 
Published: July 2019

Cohabitation is a phenomenon which has taken place relatively recently in Thailand and is likely to spread and increase gradually in the future. Currently there are very few systematic studies on cohabitation among adolescents in Thailand and information has been obtained mostly from public media such as; newspapers, television programs and the internet. This qualitative and quantitative research aims to study the social process and cohabitating among Thai Adolescents. One thousand three hundred and twenty-eight respondents, who were in years one to four of their studies, were selected to participate, using a stratified random sampling technique. The survey was designed to use questionnaires to gather information from the respondents. In addition, semi-structured interviews were carried out with students, to provide a more in-depth understanding of the issues under study. The conceptual framework for this study was derived from empirical observation and intuition; imitation, social contact and social control. The results of the study revealed that there is a prevalence of cohabitation among Thai Adolescents. The significant factors that influenced the studentsâ€™ cohabitation are foreign cultures, including American, Japanese and Korean culture (45.12%).Â Their peers' cohabitation did not play a key role in the respondents wanting to experience cohabitation. The belief that traditional Thai women should reserve themselves for marriage was accepted among respondents (44.75%). Many of the respondents indicated that their families opposed cohabitation. Additionally, sexual behavior of Thai women is limited in the traditional norm. Cohabitation is considered as untraditional and teenagers are dating each other secretly (42.13 %). The information available and institutional education on the prevention of Sexually Transmitted Infections and Unwanted Pregnancies, allow adolescents to better understand the consequences of pre-marital sexual relationships (45.92%).Â Â
Photochemical Analysis of Food Species of the Cruciferous (Cabbage) Family
Authors: B. Ashirova Zh. , Ð•. Anuarova L. , Ð¢. Berik N. , S. Newsome A. , M. Rakhmetova A. , Y. Yessenbekova A. , T. Abdrasulova Zh. , Zh. Kuzhantaeva Zh. 
Published: July 2019

The article deals with several species of the cruciferous family (Cruciferae Juss.): headed cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.), turnip cabbage (BrassÑ–s rapa L.), cultivatedÂ radish (Raphanus sativus L.), horseradish (Armoraciarusticana Gaerth.-Mey-Scherb.), Italian asparagus, or broccoli (Brassica Sylvestris L., or Brassica oleracea L.), and others. It has been determined how many micro- and macroelements, as well as fat-Â or water-soluble vitamins they contain. The phytochemical research has been conducted in the Food Safety and Quality Assessment Laboratory of the Almaty Technological University. The photochemical analysis of the species concerned has been carried out in accordance with GOST 25555.3-82, GOST 30417-69, and M-04-41-2005.Â Â Â