bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non-parallellism of needles in electroporation: 3D computational model and experimental analysis
Authors: Campana Luca G. , Di Barba Paolo , Dughiero Fabrizio , Forzan Michele , Mognaschi Maria Evelina , Rizzo Rudy , Sieni Elisabetta 
Published: October 2018

PurposeIn electrochemotherapy, flexible electrodes, composed by an array of needles, are applied to human tissues to treat large surface tumors. The positioning of the needles in the tissue depends on the surface curvature. The parallel needle case is preferred, as their relative inclinations strongly affect the actual distribution of electric field. Nevertheless, in some case, small inclinations are unavoidable. The purpose of this paper is to study the electric field distribution for non-parallel needles.Design/methodology/approachThe effect of electrode position is evaluated systematically by means of numerical models and experiments on phantoms for two different angles (5° and 30°) and compared with the case of parallel needles. Potato model was used as phantom, as this tissue becomes dark after few hours from electroporation. The electroporation degree was gauged from the color changings on the potatoes.FindingsThe distribution of electric field in different needle configuration is found by means of finite element analysis (FEA) and experiments on potatoes. The electric field level of inclined needles was compared with parallel needle case. In particular, the electric field distribution in the case of inclined needles could be very different with respect to the one in the case of parallel needles. The degree of enhancement for different inclinations is visualized by potato color intensity. The FEA suggested that the needle parallelism has to be maintained as possible as if the tips are closer to each other, the electric field intensity could be different with respect to the one in the case of parallel needles.Originality/valueThis paper analyzes the effect of inclined electrodes considering also the non-linearity of tissues.
The limits of resistant reading in critical literacy practices
Authors: McKenzie Cori Ann , Jarvie Scott 
Published: October 2018

PurposeThis paper aims to draw from work in the field of English that questions the “limits of critique” (Felski, 2015) in order to consider the limits of critical literacy approaches to literature instruction. The study focuses on the relational and affective demands that resistant reading places on readers and texts.Design/methodology/approachDrawing from post-critical (Felski, 2015) and surface (Best and Marcus, 2009) reading practices in the field of English, the authors perform analyses of two recent articles that illustrate critical literacy approaches to literature instruction, drawing attention to the ways the resistant reading practices outlined in each article reflect Felski’s description of critique.FindingsThe authors’ readings of two frameworks of critical literacy approaches to literature instruction produce two key findings: first, in emphasizing resistant readings, critical literacy asks readers to take up a detective-like orientation to literature, treating texts as suspects; second, resistant reading practices promote a specific set of affective orientations toward a text, asking readers to cultivate skepticism and vigilance.Originality/valueWhile the authors do not dismiss the importance of critical literacy approaches to literature instruction, the study makes room for other relational and affective orientations to literature, especially those that might encourage readers to listen to – and be surprised by – a text. By describing critical literacy through the lens of Felski’s work on critique, the authors aim to open up new possibilities for surprising encounters with literature.
Investigation of heat transfer in one-dimensional models of polymeric foams by using a ray-splitting and tracing technique
Authors: Chhabra Ajay Kumar , Talukdar Prabal 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to develop a numerical model to investigate coupled conduction radiation heat transfer in a multilayer semi-transparent polymeric foam.

Design/methodology/approach
The model uses a multi-phase approach in which the radiative transfer is determined by solving the radiative transfer equation explicitly in the whole medium incorporating an interface condition valid in the geometric optics rgime. This is executed by using a combination of ray splitting and a discrete curved ray tracing technique. Both partial photon reflection and total internal reflection at the interface are considered in the present investigation.

Findings
The directional distribution of intensity within the whole medium can be determined, which is used to obtain the detailed temperature profile inside the domain. The performance of the proposed methodology has been tested by simulating the modelled foam at ambient conditions. The results obtained from the simulations are in good agreement with the published results and shows that there is a global non-linearity in the temperature profile in problems where conduction to radiation parameter is small.

Originality/value
Specular nature of radiative transfer at the interface is accounted for in the present analysis. Instead of working with direction integrated quantities (as in the case of P1 approximation), each bundle of rays is treated separately within the whole medium. This model serves as a starting point for a detailed spatially three dimensional study of heat transfer in foams and the mathematical nature of the formulation is such that it may result in an implementation to three-dimensions.
Reimagining transnational validity under the CISG
Authors: Nwafor Ndubuisi , Ajibo Collins , Lloyd Chidi 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
The aims and objectives of the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG) have been defeated by the intrusion of domestic laws of different contracting states in the interpretation of the provisions of this Convention. One of the most abused channels of this un-uniform interpretation is through art 4 of the CISG, which excludes the matters of validity and property from the Convention’s jurisdiction. This paper, therefore, aims to critically analyze the dangers of unsystematic reliance on the domestic laws in the interpretation of art 4 of the CISG on matters involving transnational validity and property.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper will use doctrinal methodology with critical and analytical approaches. The paper will incisively study the doctrines, theories and principles of law associated with validity of commercial contracts and the implications of exclusion of the doctrine of “validity” under the CISG.

Findings
The findings and contribution to knowledge will be by way of canvassing for a uniform transnational validity doctrine that will streamline and position the CISG to serve as a uniform international commercial convention.

Originality/value
This paper adopted a conceptual approach. Even though the paper ventilated the views of many writers on the issue of application of the doctrine of validity under the CISG, the paper, however, carved its own niche by making original recommendations on how to create a uniform validity jurisprudence under the CISG.
Hambrick and Mason’s “Upper Echelons Theory”: evolution and open avenues
Authors: Abatecola Gianpaolo , Cristofaro Matteo 
Published: October 2018

PurposeHow has upper echelons theory (UET) (Hambrick and Mason, 1984) been evolving over time? Through the historical discussion, this paper aims to provide an updated – and also innovative from some aspects – big picture on this famous approach to strategic management. In fact, after more than 30 years since its original conceptualization, the authors believe that the UE field is mature enough for a critical attempt to provide all those scholars and practitioners interested in strategic leadership with a comprehensive ground for future analyses, a ground which, to the authors’ knowledge, is still missing.Design/methodology/approachThe authors mostly use a historical narrative to offer a critical account of the conceptual and methodological developments occurring under UE lenses over time. The authors believe that the historical approach can be particularly useful because it can help understand and explain why and how these developments have been conjectured and implemented.FindingsTwo mainly intertwined insights emerge from our analysis: on the one hand, the developments subsequent to the seminal 1984 UE model have gradually, although constantly, reduced its strongly voluntarist assumptions on strategic leadership toward more moderated co-evolutionary lenses; on the other hand, the emerging psychological and cognitive moderators of UE variables are presently reinforcing the centrality of dominant coalitions, in that they affect their decision-making processes and strategic choices.Originality/valueFrom the critical discussion, a possible updated UE model based on co-evolutionary lenses finally emerges. Prospective research avenues in this management field are also provided.
Does micronutrients intake modulate the risk of coronary heart disease?
Authors: Azab Mohammed , Al-Shudifat Abdel-Ellah , Agraib Lana , Allehdan Sabika , Tayyem Reema 
Published: October 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between micronutrient intake and coronary heart disease (CHD) in middle-aged Jordanian participants.Design/methodology/approachA case-control study was conducted among patients referring for elective coronary angiography. A total of 400 patients were enrolled in this study. Face-to-face interview was used to complete food frequency questionnaire from which the authors derived usual daily intake of micronutrients. The mean age of participates was 52 years and their average BMI was 30.7 kg/m2. Multinomial logistic regression model and linear logistic regression model were used to calculate odd ratios (OR) and its 95 per cent confidence interval (CI) andp-value for trend, respectively. The association between the risk of CHD and micronutrients intake was adjusted for the age, gender, BMI, smoking, physical activity, total energy intake, occupation, education level, marital status and family history.FindingsThe study results showed no significant differences between cases and controls for dietary intakes of micronutrients, except for the intake of calcium (p < 0.005), magnesium (p < 0.025), phosphorus (p < 0.023) and potassium (p < 0.006) which were lower in cases than controls. Although no significant trend was observed between most of the dietary intake of micronutrients and the risk of developing CHD, a significant protective effect of magnesium [OR 0.52; 95 per cent CI (0.29-0.95)], phosphorus [OR 0.44; 95 per cent CI (0.24-0.80)] and potassium [OR 0.41; 95 per cent CI (0.22-0.74)] against the risk of CHD was detected.Originality/valueThe findings from this study provide strong evidence that the intake of micronutrients such as calcium, magnesium, phosphorus and potassium has no significant associations with the risk of CHD.
Modern pretreatment techniques for phytochemical extraction
Authors: Aggarwal Satakshi , Jain Tanu 
Published: October 2018

PurposeModern thermal and non-thermal pretreatment techniques, namely, enzymatic treatment, gas phase plasma treatment and ohmic heating have become more pronounced over conventional techniques for enhanced coloured phytochemicals (pigments) extraction. Presently, numbers of pretreatment techniques are available with some unique feature. It is difficult to choose best pretreatment method to be employed for phytochemicals extraction from different sources. Therefore, this paper aims to discuss different modern pretreatment techniques for extraction with their potential results over conventional techniques.Design/methodology/approachResearch and review articles targeting to the thermal and non-thermal pretreatment techniques were collected from Google Scholar. The required information has been tabulated and discussed which included qualities of modern pretreatment techniques over conventional techniques, phytochemical extraction and best pretreatment methods for optimized results.FindingsEvery pre-treatment has its own advantages and disadvantages for a particular phytochemical and its extraction from various sources. Enzymes can be used in combinations to enhance final yield like extraction of carotenoids (pectinase, cellulase and hemicellulase) from chillies and lycopene (pectinase and cellulase) from tomato. Utilization of each method depends upon many factors such as source of pigment, cost and energy consumption. CO2pretreatment gives good results for carotenoid extraction from algae sources. Ohmic heating can yield high anthocyanin content. Modifications in conventional blanching has reduced final waste and improvised the properties of pigment.Originality/valueThis study comprises collective information regarding modern pre-treatment for extraction over conventional pre-treatments. The study also covers future trends and certain new hybrid approaches which are still less flourished.
Creating “sticky” culture: how to drive lasting behavioral change
Authors: Dyer Chris 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
The paper aims to show how you can create a lasting cultural change within a company.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper is based on in-depth research that world-leading organizations are taking to build and maintain their culture, revealing the “seven pillars” of success.

Findings
In the author’s research into what comprises healthy culture in the world’s most successful businesses, the author identified seven crucial support pillars. Among these are leadership and management strategies that bolster employees mentally. These are what change people’s minds about how and why to perform well.

Originality/value
This paper gives practical advice on how to cement behavioral change in a company and create a promising, healthy new company culture.
Corporate governance effects on corporate social responsibility disclosure: empirical evidence from heavy-pollution industries in Iran
Authors: Fallah Mohammad Ali , Mojarrad Fayegh 
Published: October 2018

PurposeThis paper aims to investigate the relationship between corporate governance (CG) and corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosure in a sample of 64 companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange.Design/methodology/approachThis study opts for a descriptive-correlational method. To measure the extent of CSR disclosure and CG variables, companies’ annual reports and websites during 2014-2015 are content analyzed by applying a 64-item checklist. Boards’ size, age, tenure and independence, CEO duality, audit committee (AC) composition and ownership concentration are considered as CG variables. To ascertain the CG–CSR disclosure relationship, multivariate linear regression analysis is incorporated.FindingsBased on the results, audit committee composition, board tenure and ownership concentration positively influence CSR disclosure level with ownership concentration as the most influential variable, that is, in companies with majority shareholders ownership, managers tend to disclose more CSR information.Research limitations/implicationsOnly annual reports and company websites are analyzed. Researchers are encouraged to apply other methods such as interview and to consider other variables, such as board diversity, proportion of female members and the extent of shareholders activities, to measure CG.Practical implicationsThis paper provides implications at the policy level to identify governance mechanisms to increase CSR awareness of heavy-pollution industries in developing countries.Originality/valueStudies rarely examined CSR reporting in Iran, particularly among heavy-pollution companies. Besides, the paper highlights the role of majority shareholders and non-executive AC members in CSR disclosure.
Low power aware pulse triggered flip flops using modified clock gating approaches
Authors: Jyothula Sudhakar 
Published: October 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to design a low power clock gating technique using Galeor approach by assimilated with replica path pulse triggered flip flop (RP-PTFF).Design/methodology/approachIn the present scenario, the inclination of battery for portable devices has been increasing tremendously. Therefore, battery life has become an essential element for portable devices. To increase the battery life of portable devices such as communication devices, these have to be made with low power requirements. Hence, power consumption is one of the main issues in CMOS design. To reap a low-power battery with optimum delay constraints, a new methodology is proposed by using the advantages of a low leakage GALEOR approach. By integrating the proposed GALEOR technique with conventional PTFFs, a reduction in power consumption is achieved.FindingsThe design was implemented in mentor graphics EDA tools with 130 nm technology, and the proposed technique is compared with existing conventional PTFFs in terms of power consumption. The average power consumed by the proposed technique (RP-PTFF clock gating with the GALEOR technique) is reduced to 47 per cent compared to conventional PTFF for 100 per cent switching activity.Originality/valueThe study demonstrates that RP-PTFF with clock gating using the GALEOR approach is a design that is superior to the conventional PTFFs.
A thermodynamic performance analysis on influence parameters of COG-CCHP based on exergy
Authors: Zhao Hongbin , Cao Yu , Liu Chang , Qi Xiang 
Published: October 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the performance of coke oven gas (COG)-combined cooling, heating and power (CCHP) system and to mainly focus on studying the influence of the environmental conditions, operating conditions and gas conditions on the performance of the system and on quantifying the distribution of useful energy loss and the saving potential of the integrated system changing with different parameters.Design/methodology/approachThe working process of COG-CCHP was simulated through the establishment of system flow and thermal analysis mathematical model. Using exergy analysis method, the COG-CCHP system’s energy consumption status and the performance changing rules were analyzed.FindingsThe results showed that the combustion chamber has the largest exergy loss among the thermal equipments. Reducing the environmental temperature and pressure can improve the entire system’s reasonable degree of energy. Higher temperature and pressure improved the system’s perfection degree of energy use. Relatively high level of hydrogen and low content of water in COG and an optimal range of CH4volume fraction between 35 per cent and 46 per cent are required to ensure high exergy efficiency of this integration system.Originality/valueThis paper proposed a CCHP system with the utilization of coke oven gas (COG) and quantified the distribution of useful energy loss and the saving potential of the integrated system under different environmental, operating and gas conditions. The weak links of energy consumption within the system were analyzed, and the characteristics of COG in this way of using were illustrated. This study can provide certain guiding basis for further research and development of the CCHP system performance.
Geochronology, Geochemistry, and Sr–Nd–Hf Isotopes of the Balazha Ore‐Bearing Porphyries: Implications for Petrogenesis and Geodynamic Setting of Late Cretaceous Magmatic Rocks in the Northern Lhasa Block, Tibet
Authors: LIU Wei , WANG Baodi , YANG Xiaoyong , YUAN Sihua , LIU Han , LIAO Zhongli 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe study of Late Cretaceous magmatic rocks, developed as a result of magmatism and related porphyry mineralization in the northern Lhasa block, is of significance for understanding the associated tectonic setting and mineralization. This paper reports zircon chronology, zircon Hf isotope data, whole‐rock Sr–Nd isotope data, and geochemistry data of Balazha porphyry ores in the northern Lhasa block. Geochemical features show that Balazha ore‐bearing porphyries in the northern Lhasa block belong to high‐Mg# adakitic rocks with a formation age of ~90 Ma; this is consistent with the Late Cretaceous magmatic activity that occurred at around 90 Ma in the region. The age of adakitic rocks is similar to the molybdenite Re–Os model age of the ore‐bearing porphyries in the northern Lhasa block, indicating that the diagenesis and mineralization of both occurred during the same magmatism event in the Late Cretaceous. The Hf and Sr–Nd isotope data indicate that these magmatic rocks are the product of crust–mantle mixing. Differing proportions of materials involved in such an event form different types of medium‐acid rocks, including ore‐bearing porphyries. Based on regional studies, it has been proposed that Late Cretaceous magmatism and porphyry mineralization in the northern Lhasa block occurred during collision between the Lhasa and Qiangtang blocks.
Psychometric Assessment of the Nursing Outcome Swallowing Status: Rasch Model Approach
Authors: Oliveira‐Kumakura Ana Railka de Souza , Alonso Jonas Bodini , de Carvalho Emília Campos 
Published: October 2018

PURPOSETo apply the Rasch model to test the psychometric assessment of the nursing outcome Swallowing status among poststroke patients.METHODSCross‐sectional study was conducted with 227 poststroke patients, which were evaluated by a nurse. The Rasch model was used to examine psychometric properties.FINDINGSIndicators fit the Rasch model and presented good reliability and good ability for separation index. The 5‐point Likert scale did not present adequate discrimination and classification levels were compiled into three.CONCLUSIONSData evidenced the use of a robust method to perform a clinical validity of the Swallowing status, complementing previous validation studies.RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICEUsing Rasch analysis serve as reference points to assess Swallowing status on a single scale.OBJETIVOAplicar o modelo Rasch para testar as medidas psicométricas do resultado de enfermagem Estado da deglutição em pacientes acometidos por acidente vascular cerebral.MÉTODOSEstudo transversal, realizado com 227 pacientes após AVC avaliados por um único enfermeiro. O modelo Rasch foi usado para examinar propriedades psicométricas.RESULTADOSOs indicadores se ajustaram ao modelo Rasch e apresentam boa confiabilidade e boa capacidade de separação. A escala Likert de 5 pontos não apresentou discriminação adequada e os níveis de classificação foram compilados em três pontos.CONCLUSÃOOs dados evidenciaram o uso de um método robusto para a validade clínica do Estado da deglutição, complementando os estudos de validação anteriores.RELEVÂNCIA PARA A PRÁTICA CLÍNICAO uso do modelo Rasch serve como ponto de referência para avaliar o Estado da deglutição em uma única escala.