bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metal Chalcogenides: Paving the Way for High‐Performance Sodium/Potassium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Tan Huiteng , Feng Yuezhan , Rui Xianhong , Yu Yan , Huang Shaoming 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe research of sodium/potassium‐ion batteries (SIBs/KIBs) still has some way to go but its success could possibly radically alter the way electricity is stored and used. As the key part of battery technology, advances in electrode materials are instrumental in accelerating the uptake of these renewable and innovative storage solutions. This is where metal chalcogenides (MCs) that tick all the right boxes can fit in to fill the gap. In this review, an overview is provided on the recent progress of MCs, with an emphasis on nanostructured metal sulfides and selenides, and the impact that metal chalcogenides may have on the future of SIBs and KIBs technology is discussed by taking a glimpse at the diverse set of properties inherent in them. In addition, several promising strategies are highlighted to address the imminent challenges faced by MCs in SIBs and KIBs, hoping to cast an insightful outlook for possible future direction in this field.
Palaeobiogeography and evolutionary patterns of the larger foraminiferBorelisde Montfort (Borelidae)
Authors: Bassi Davide , Braga Juan C. , Di Domenico Giovanni , Pignatti Johannes , Abramovich Sigal , Hallock Pamela , Könen Janine , Kovács Zoltan , Langer Martin R. , Pavia Giulio , Iryu Yasufumi 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe palaeobiogeography of the alveolinoidBorelisspecies reveals the evolutionary patterns leading to the two extant representatives, which occur in shallow‐water tropical carbonate, coral reef‐related settings. Type material and new material of fossilBorelisspecies, along with Recent specimens were studied to assess their taxonomic status, species circumscriptions (based on proloculus size, occurrence of Y‐shaped septula, and the index of elongation), palaeobiogeography and evolutionary dynamics. The species dealt with here are known from exclusively fossil (B. pygmaea, B. inflata, B. philippinensis, B. melo, B. curdica), and from fossil and modern (B. pulchra, B. schlumbergeri) specimens. For the first time, fossil and RecentBorelisspecimens are illustrated via micro‐computed tomography scanning images. Depending on the occurrence of Y‐shaped septula, two lineages are distinguished. Deriving from the middle–upper EoceneBorelis vonderschmitti, the first lineage includesB. inflata, B. pulchraandB. pygmaea, lacking Y‐shaped septula. The first species bearing Y‐shaped septula is the RupelianB. philippinensisof the western Indo‐Pacific. The westward migrants ofB. philippinensisinto the Mediterranean gave rise toB. melo(Aquitanian–Messinian) andB. curdica(Burdigalian–Tortonian). These two species became isolated from the Indo‐Pacific by the Langhian eastern closure of the Mediterranean basin and disappeared during the Messinian Salinity Crisis. Since the Tortonian,B. schlumbergeri, which descended fromB. philippinensis, has inhabited the Indo‐Pacific along withB. pulchra. From the central Pacific Ocean,B. pulchrareached the Caribbean area before the early Piacenzian closure of the Central America seaway.
Live Monitoring of Haemodynamic Changes with Multispectral Image Analysis
Authors: Ayala Leonardo A. , Wirkert Sebastian J. , Gröhl Janek , Herrera Mildred A. , Hernandez-Aguilera Adrian , Vemuri Anant , Santos Edgar , Maier-Hein Lena 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
State-of-the-art concepts in the field of computer assisted medical interventions are typically based on registering pre-operative imaging data to the patient. While this approach has many relevant clinical applications, it suffers from one core bottleneck: it cannot account for tissue dynamics because it works with “offline” data. To overcome this issue, we propose a new approach to surgical imaging that combines the power of multispectral imaging with the speed and robustness of deep learning based image analysis. Core innovation is an end-to-end deep learning architecture that integrates all preprocessing steps as well as the actual regression task in a single network. According to a quantitative in silico validation, our approach is well-suited for solving the inverse problem of relating multispectral image pixels to underlying functional tissue properties in real time. A porcine study further suggests that our method is capable of monitoring haemodynamic changes in vivo. Deep learning based multispectral imaging could thus become a valuable tool for imaging tissue dynamics.
A simple construction of complete single-peaked domains by recursive tiling
Authors: Zhan Ping 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Single-peakedness was introduced by Black (J Political Econ 56:23–34, 1948) as a sufficient condition to overcome Condorcet paradox. Since then it has been attracting interest from researchers in various fields. In this paper, we propose a simple recursive procedure of constructing complete single-peaked domains of tiling type explicitly for any finite alternative sets, by combining two results published in recent years, and some observations of known results and examples by the author. The underlying basic structure of tiling type and properties of single-peaked domains provided here give a good visualization and make further developments on single-peakedness more easy.
Virus–Host Coevolution with a Focus on Animal and Human DNA Viruses
Authors: Kaján Győző L. , Doszpoly Andor , Tarján Zoltán László , Vidovszky Márton Z. , Papp Tibor 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Viruses have been infecting their host cells since the dawn of life, and this extremely long-term coevolution gave rise to some surprising consequences for the entire tree of life. It is hypothesised that viruses might have contributed to the formation of the first cellular life form, or that even the eukaryotic cell nucleus originates from an infection by a coated virus. The continuous struggle between viruses and their hosts to maintain at least a constant fitness level led to the development of an unceasing arms race, where weapons are often shuttled between the participants. In this literature review we try to give a short insight into some general consequences or traits of virus–host coevolution, and after this we zoom in to the viral clades of adenoviruses, herpesviruses, nucleo-cytoplasmic large DNA viruses, polyomaviruses and, finally, circoviruses.
On the subsonic near-wake of a space launcher configuration with exhaust jet
Authors: Saile Dominik , Kühl Viktor , Gülhan Ali 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The Ariane 5 failure flight 157 made clear that the loads in the base region of space launcher configurations were underestimated and its near-wake dynamics required more attention. In the recent years, many studies have been published on buffet/buffeting in the critical high subsonic flow regime. Nevertheless, not much experimental data are available on the interaction of the ambient flow with an exhaust jet over a wide subsonic Mach number range. Further, a preceding study without exhaust jet revealed questions regarding a similar distribution of the velocity and Reynolds stress in the near-wake if scaled with the reattachment length. Consequently, a generic space launcher configuration featuring a cold, supersonic, over-expanded jet is investigated experimentally in the vertical test section Cologne (VMK) by means of particle image velocimetry (PIV) for five subsonic Mach numbers ranging from 0.5 to 0.9 with corresponding Reynolds numbers between $$Re_{\text {D}}=0.8\times 10^6$$ReD=0.8×106 to $$1.6\times 10^6$$1.6×106. The velocity and Reynolds stress distribution are provided for the near-wake flow and additionally for the incoming boundary layer. Just as in the preceding study, self-similar features are found in the flow field as long as the separated shear layer reattaches on the solid nozzle wall. Substantial changes are then measured for an alternating (hybrid) reattachment between the solid nozzle wall and supersonic exhaust jet as found for Mach 0.8, one of them being the increased axial turbulence in the recirculation bubble due to a ‘dancing’ large-scale, clockwise-rotating vortex.

Graphic abstract
Prevalence and risk factors for pelvic floor disorders during early and late pregnancy in a cohort of Austrian women
Authors: Bodner-Adler Barbara , Kimberger Oliver , Laml Thomas , Halpern Ksenia , Beitl Clara , Umek Wolfgang , Bodner Klaus 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Purpose
To investigate the prevalence of pelvic floor disorders (PFDs) in a cohort of Austrian women either during their early or late pregnancy and to search for clinical risk factors which correlate with pelvic floor symptoms during pregnancy.

Methods
A prospective study was conducted and 200 pregnant women answered the validated German pelvic floor questionnaire during their first or third trimenon of gestation. Furthermore, a multivariate logistic regression model was used to determine independent risk factors for PFDs after adjusting for confounders.

Results
96/200 (48%) women reported psychological strain in at least 1 of the 4 pelvic floor domains while the remaining 104 women (52%) were asymptomatic. Affected women showed a significant higher BMI, a more frequent positive family history and a higher rate of multiple pregnancies was noted compared to asymptomatic women (p < 0.05). Furthermore, a statistically significant positive correlation could be observed between BMI, smoking and mean bladder score as well as mean prolapse score, signifying more symptom bother from bladder and prolapse in smokers with high BMI. A significant positive correlation was also detected between mean bowel score and parity. In the multivariate model, high BMI (CI 1.013–1.143), positive family history (CI 0.044–0.260) and multiple pregnancies (CI 0.011–0.244) remained independently associated with pelvic floor symptoms (p < 0.05).

Conclusion
Our results demonstrate that pelvic floor-related quality of life during pregnancy is a prevalent condition which is strongly affected by the expectant mother’s weight as well as her family history. In addition, women with multiple pregnancies seem to be at increased risk.
Eplet mismatch analysis and allograft outcome across racially diverse groups in a pediatric transplant cohort: a single-center analysis
Authors: Philogene Mary Carmelle , Amin Anita , Zhou Sheng , Charnaya Olga , Vega Renato , Desai Niraj , Neu Alicia M. , Pruette Cozumel S. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
HLA eplet mismatch load has been suggested as an improvement to HLA antigen mismatch determination for organ selection. Given that eplet mismatches are determined based on amino acid sequence difference among HLA alleles, and that the frequency of HLA alleles varies between racial groups, we investigated the correlation between eplet mismatch load and allograft outcomes in 110 pediatric kidney transplant recipients who received their first organ from a donor of the same race (SRT) versus a donor of a different race (DRT). Adjusted modified Poisson regression was used to assess the interaction between eplet mismatch load and race mismatch and its effect on outcome. Caucasians and living donor recipients had lower eplet mismatched loads against their donors compared with non-Caucasian and deceased donor recipients. Overall, for the entire population, the risk of de novo HLA-DSA development was significantly increased with higher eplet loads (p < 0.001). Compared with the SRT group, the DRT group had higher eplet loads when compared with their donor, for HLA class I but not HLA class II molecules; however, there was no significant difference in the incidence of de novo HLA-DSA between the 2 groups. The risk of rejection increased significantly for DRT compared with SRT, only when class I eplet load was ≥ 70 (p = 0.04). Together this data show that eplet mismatch load analysis is an effective tool for alloimmune risk assessment. If considered for donor selection, acceptable eplet mismatch loads determined from studies in homogenous populations may restrict transplantation across racially diverse donor and patient groups with no evidence of poor outcome. Therefore, an acceptable eplet mismatch load threshold must consider the heterogeneity of the transplant population.
The prognostic significance of wild-type isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 (IDH2) in breast cancer
Authors: Aljohani Abrar I. , Toss Michael S. , Kurozumi Sasagu , Joseph Chitra , Aleskandarany Mohammed A. , Miligy Islam M. , Ansari Rokaya El , Mongan Nigel P. , Ellis Ian O. , Green Andrew R. , Rakha Emad A. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
Lymphovascular invasion (LVI) is a prerequisite step in breast cancer (BC) metastasis. We have previously identified wild-type isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 (IDH2) as a key putative driver of LVI. Thus, we explored the prognostic significance of IDH2 at transcriptome and protein expression levels in pre-invasive and invasive disease.

Methods
Utlising tissue microarrays from a large well annotated BC cohort including ductal carcinoma in situ and invasive breast cancer (IBC), IDH2 was assessed at the transcriptomic and proteomic level. The associations between clinicopathological factors including LVI status, prognosis and the expression of IDH2 were evaluated.

Results
In pure DCIS and IBC, high IDH2 protein expression was associated with features of aggressiveness including high nuclear grade, larger size, comedo necrosis and hormonal receptor negativity and LVI, higher grade, larger tumour size, high NPI, HER2 positivity, and hormonal receptor negativity, respectively. High expression of IDH2 either in mRNA or in protein levels was associated with poor patient’s outcome in both DCIS and IBC. Multivariate analysis revealed that IDH2 protein expression was an independent risk factor for shorter BC specific-survival.

Conclusion
Further functional studies to decipher the role of IDH2 and its mechanism of action as a driver of BC progression and LVI are warranted.
Novel functional proteins coded by the human genome discovered in metastases of melanoma patients
Authors: Sanchez Aniel , Kuras Magdalena , Murillo Jimmy Rodriguez , Pla Indira , Pawlowski Krzysztof , Szasz A. Marcell , Gil Jeovanis , Nogueira Fábio C. S. , Perez-Riverol Yasset , Eriksson Jonatan , Appelqvist Roger , Miliotis Tasso , Kim Yonghyo , Baldetorp Bo , Ingvar Christian , Olsson Håkan , Lundgren Lotta , Ekedahl Henrik , Horvatovich Peter , Sugihara Yutaka , Welinder Charlotte , Wieslander Elisabet , Kwon Ho Jeong , Domont Gilberto B. , Malm Johan , Rezeli Melinda , Betancourt Lazaro Hiram , Marko-Varga György 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In the advanced stages, malignant melanoma (MM) has a very poor prognosis. Due to tremendous efforts in cancer research over the last 10 years, and the introduction of novel therapies such as targeted therapies and immunomodulators, the rather dark horizon of the median survival has dramatically changed from under 1 year to several years. With the advent of proteomics, deep-mining studies can reach low-abundant expression levels. The complexity of the proteome, however, still surpasses the dynamic range capabilities of current analytical techniques. Consequently, many predicted protein products with potential biological functions have not yet been verified in experimental proteomic data. This category of ‘missing proteins’ (MP) is comprised of all proteins that have been predicted but are currently unverified. As part of the initiative launched in 2016 in the USA, the European Cancer Moonshot Center has performed numerous deep proteomics analyses on samples from MM patients. In this study, nine MPs were clearly identified by mass spectrometry in MM metastases. Some MPs significantly correlated with proteins that possess identical PFAM structural domains; and other MPs were significantly associated with cancer-related proteins. This is the first study to our knowledge, where unknown and novel proteins have been annotated in metastatic melanoma tumour tissue.
A cross-cultural comparative study of sustainability consciousness between students in Taiwan and Sweden
Authors: Berglund Teresa , Gericke Niklas , Boeve-de Pauw Jelle , Olsson Daniel , Chang Tzu-Chau 
Published: October 2019

AbstractEducation for sustainable development (ESD) is promoted as one important component in the endeavor toward sustainable development. Goal 4 in the Sustainable Development Goals (UN in Sustainable development goals—17 goals to transform our world, 2017) in particular targets the role of ESD in this respect. The importance of cultural specificity in ESD is emphasized in numerous international policy documents, but there are few cross-cultural studies that focus on the broad context of sustainable development and ESD. The current study investigates the sustainability consciousness of grade 12 students (age 18–19) in Taiwan (N = 617) and Sweden (N = 583) and discusses the implications for ESD policy and practice. The findings indicate that significant differences exist between the two samples, both with respect to their sustainability consciousness and within the three sub-constructs of knowingness, attitudes and self-reported behaviors. The differences are considered in light of the cultural value orientations of the East Asian and Western European regions. Implications for ESD are discussed from the perspective of cultural specificity.
KS(conf): A Light-Weight Test if a Multiclass Classifier Operates Outside of Its Specifications
Authors: Sun Rémy , Lampert Christoph H. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
We study the problem of automatically detecting if a given multi-class classifier operates outside of its specifications (out-of-specs), i.e. on input data from a different distribution than what it was trained for. This is an important problem to solve on the road towards creating reliable computer vision systems for real-world applications, because the quality of a classifier’s predictions cannot be guaranteed if it operates out-of-specs. Previously proposed methods for out-of-specs detection make decisions on the level of single inputs. This, however, is insufficient to achieve low false positive rate and high false negative rates at the same time. In this work, we describe a new procedure named KS(conf), based on statistical reasoning. Its main component is a classical Kolmogorov–Smirnov test that is applied to the set of predicted confidence values for batches of samples. Working with batches instead of single samples allows increasing the true positive rate without negatively affecting the false positive rate, thereby overcoming a crucial limitation of single sample tests. We show by extensive experiments using a variety of convolutional network architectures and datasets that KS(conf) reliably detects out-of-specs situations even under conditions where other tests fail. It furthermore has a number of properties that make it an excellent candidate for practical deployment: it is easy to implement, adds almost no overhead to the system, works with any classifier that outputs confidence scores, and requires no a priori knowledge about how the data distribution could change.
Leveraging writing systems changes for deep learning based Chinese affective analysis
Authors: Xiang Rong , Lu Qin , Jiao Ying , Zheng Yufei , Ying Wenhao , Long Yunfei 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Affective analysis of social media text is in great demand. Online text written in Chinese communities often contains mixed scripts including major text written in Chinese, an ideograph-based writing system, and minor text using Latin letters, an alphabet-based writing system. This phenomenon is referred to as writing systems changes (WSCs). Past studies have shown that WSCs often reflect unfiltered immediate affections. However, the use of WSCs poses more challenges in Natural Language Processing tasks because WSCs can break the syntax of the major text. In this work, we present our work to use WSCs as an effective feature in a hybrid deep learning model with attention network. The WSCs scripts are first identified by their encoding range. Then, the document representation of the text is learned through a Long Short-Term Memory model and the minor text is learned by a separate Convolution Neural Network model. To further highlight the WSCs components, an attention mechanism is adopted to re-weight the feature vector before the classification layer. Experiments show that the proposed hybrid deep learning method which better incorporates WSCs features can further improve performance compared to the state-of-the-art classification models. The experimental result indicates that WSCs can serve as effective information in affective analysis of the social media text.
Bed-type variability and till (dis)continuity beneath Thwaites Glacier, West Antarctica
Authors: Muto Atsuhiro , Alley Richard B. , Parizek Byron R. , Anandakrishnan Sridhar 
Published: October 2019

AbstractRecent seismic measurements from upper Thwaites Glacier indicate that the bed-type variability is closely related to the along-flow basal topography. In high-relief subglacial highlands, stoss sides of topographic highs have a relatively higher acoustic impedance (‘hard’ bed) with lower acoustic impedance (‘soft’ till) on lee sides. This pattern is similar to observations of many deglaciated terrains. Subglacial hydraulic-potential gradient and its divergence show a tendency for water to diverge over the stoss sides and converge into the lee sides. Convergence favors a thicker or more widespread water system, which can more efficiently decouple ice from the underlying till. Under such circumstances, till deformation does occur but, fluxes are relatively small. Till carried from the lee sides onto stoss sides of downstream bumps should couple to the ice more efficiently, increasing the ability for transport by till deformation. In turn, this suggests that steady-state till transport can be achieved if the stoss-side till layer is thin or discontinuous. In addition, the large basal shear stress generated in the highlands seems too high for a bed lubricated by a continuous although thin deforming till, suggesting till discontinuity, which would allow debris-laden ice to erode bedrock on stoss sides, supplying additional till for transport.
The Nuclear Sensorium: Cold War Nuclear Imperialism and Sensory Violence
Authors: Shiga John 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis paper traces the sensory dimensions of nuclear imperialism focusing on the Cold War nuclear weapons tests conducted by the United States military in the Marshall Islands during the 1950s. Key to the formation of the “nuclear sensorium” were the interfaces between vibration, sound, and radioactive contamination, which were mobilized by scientists such as oceanographer Walter Munk as part of the US Nuclear Testing Program. While scientists occupied privileged points in technoscientific networks to sense the effects of nuclear weapons, a series of lawsuits filed by communities affected by the tests drew attention to military-scientific use of inhabitants’ bodies as repositories of data concerning the ecological impact of the bomb and the manner in which sensing practices used to extract this data extended the violence and trauma of nuclear weapons. Nuclear imperialism projected its power not only through weapons tests, the vaporization of land and the erosion of the rights of people who lived there, but also through the production of a “nuclear sensorium”—the differentiation of modes of sensing the bomb through legal, military, and scientific discourses and the attribution of varying degrees of epistemological value and legal weight to these sensory modes.