bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of Drone Technology for Methane Emissions Quantification - Level 4 and Level 5 Reconciliation as Per OGMP
Authors: Bouilhol P. , Almarzooqi H. , Ali Abdulla F. Moosa , Al Hammadi A. , Sasidharan S. , Bhagavathi P. Kumaresan , Almemari F. , Jaber T. , Vaswani Y. , Rasulova Z. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Methane emissions are the most potent Green House Gases from the Oil & Gas Industry. ADNOC Onshore is developing across its assets several technologies to monitor and quantify these emissions as per Oil & Gas Methane Partnership 2.0 (reference #1: United Nations Environment Programme). This paper is developing a case with the use of Drone technology -first application within ADNOC- and how it has been used to make the reconciliation between level 4 and level 5 monitoring. ADNOC Onshore pioneered in 2023 across all ADNOC Group Companies the use of Drone to monitor and quantify methane emissions from a Central Degassing Station (CDS). All the methane emissions sources were monitored by the Drone: Fugitives, Flares, Gas Fired Heaters, Oil storage and Produced Water tanks allowing to have a quantification and mapping of the methane emissions. The use of others ground technologies, High Flow Sampler (HFS) and Optical Gas Imaging Camera (OGI), in comparison with Drone's sensors has allowed us to identify some gaps between technologies and consider these gaps in our global methane quantification. A reconciliation between level 4 and level 5 measurement has been conducted as per Oil & Gas Methane Partnership 2.0 (OGMP 2.0) requirements. OGMP 2.0 is the new reporting framework aiming to improve reporting accuracy and transparency of CH4 emissions in the Oil&Gas sector. This reconciliation has been an opportunity to improve site measurement / calculations for emissions and increase the awareness to the operational teams. Reconciliation is the process of comparing source-level (Level 4) inventories with independent site-level measurements to produce Level 5 asset emissions estimates. Site-level measurements complement - rather than replace - source-level estimates, and the process of reconciliation helps improve accuracy, thoroughness and confidence in reported emissions. Reconciliation is an iterative process of investigation, year over year, and should not be thought of as a one-off comparison of two independent values. The process, like knowledge, will evolve over the years – the focus is on making credible progress year over year (reference #1: United Nations Environment Programme).
This paper is sharing the operational feedback on the use of Drone for methane measurement and as well the lessons learned following the reconciliation process with concrete recommendations. Some insights on observations made with the use of different technologies to quantify the methane emissions are developed.
Detecting Verbal Auditory Hallucination Among Schizophrenia Patients by Integrating Alternate Auditory Attention Tasks in Contralateral Suppression of Otoacoustic Emissions
Authors: Awang Che Muhammad Amir Che , Wahab Noor Alaudin Abdul , Maamor Nashrah , Tahir Siti Aisyah Mohammad , Zakaria Mohd. Normani , Wahab Suzaily 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Subjective evaluations of verbal auditory hallucinations (VAH) in schizophrenia have limitations; thus, combining them with objective measures like neuroimaging may provide more accurate insights into brain activity during VAH episodes. However, neuroimaging is often costly and time-consuming, prompting the search for alternative methods. This study explores the integration of ALternate AUDItory AttentioN (ALAUDIN©) tasks with Contralateral Suppression of Otoacoustic Emissions (CSOAE) as a rapid and cost-effective approach to detect VAH in schizophrenia patients. A total of 57 healthy controls (HC) and 10 schizophrenia patients; five with active and five with passive VAH; participated. Various contralateral stimuli, including white noise (WN) alone and WN combined with auditory attention tasks, were used to evaluate CSOAE. While no significant differences in suppression were found between the left and right ears across all groups, patients with active VAH demonstrated significantly higher suppression than HC for specific stimuli (CS4). Notably, incorporating ALAUDIN© tasks did not significantly enhance suppression in HC or patients with passive VAH but descriptively increased suppression in those with active VAH. These results suggest that ALAUDIN©-CSOAE may effectively differentiate schizophrenia patients with VAH from healthy individuals, warranting further research with larger sample sizes to validate these findings.
Family-based genetics identifies association of CUBN, IL1RL1 and PRKN variants with leprosy in Bangladesh
Authors: Santos Andressa Mayra , Tió-Coma Maria , Garcia-Codina Gal·la , Verhard Els M. , Sartori Priscila Verchai Uaska , Roy Johan Chandra , Khatun Marufa , Alam Khorshed , Richardus Jan Hendrik , Mira Marcelo Távora , Geluk Annemieke 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Previous studies have demonstrated the association between the occurrence of leprosy and several host genetic variants that can vary across different ethnic groups and populations. Since leprosy susceptibility genes have not been investigated in detail in the Bangladeshi population that still includes highly endemic areas, we here studied known associations between leprosy and 13 genetic markers located in 11 genes in a leprosy endemic area in Bangladesh for which an association with leprosy was previously found in an isolated former leprosy colony in the Brazilian Amazon. For this study, a family-based analysis using 60 parent-affected child trios was performed, followed by a case-control study of 210 leprosy patients and 189 healthy controls from the same area (endemic controls). Genotypes for 11 markers were determined by TaqMan SNP genotyping. In the family-based study, a significant association was found between leprosy and three single nucleotide polymorphisms, rs1801224, rs13001714, and rs1801582, located in the CUBN, IL1RL1, and PRKN genes, respectively. These findings were not replicated in the case-control sample. Variants in the CUBN, IL1RL1, and PRKN genes were associated with leprosy in Bangladesh, validating the initial Brazilian finding in a population sample of distinct ethnic background.
PD-L1 expression assessed by four FDA-approved PD-L1 immunohistochemical assays in clear cell renal cell carcinoma: concordance and association with prognosis
Authors: Koh Yoko , Kato Taigo , Yamamichi Gaku , Tomiyama Eisuke , Matsushita Makoto , Hatano Koji , Kawashima Atsunari , Nonomura Norio , Uemura Motohide 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Therapeutic strategies for advanced renal cell carcinoma have advanced dramatically since the approval of immune checkpoint inhibitors. To date, four PD-L1 assays have been established as companion diagnostic tools for checkpoint inhibitors. However, all PD-L1 assays present several limitations in terms of concordance and compatibility. In this study, we constructed tissue microarrays from 286 clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) tissue samples and evaluated PD-L1 expression using the 22C3, 28 − 8, SP142, and SP263 PD-L1 assays. Detection of PD-L1 expression in tumor cells was very low for all PD-L1 assays tested, although expression of PD-L1 in immune cells in the tumor area was 14.7% for 22C3, 16.1% for 28 − 8, 2.1% for SP142, and 15.0% for SP263. PD-L1 expression on immune cells assessed by 28 − 8 showed a moderate pairwise concordance with other assays (κ statistics: 0.52 with 22C3, 0.16 with SP142, and 0.46 with SP263). Patients with PD-L1 expression in immune cells evaluated using 22C3, 28 − 8, and SP263 showed significantly worse cancer-specific survival. PD-L1 expression on renal cell carcinoma tissues assessed using 22C3, 28 − 8, SP142, and SP263 did not show good concordance. In conclusion, differences between these assays should be considered when evaluating the results of immunohistochemical findings.
Oncogenic Function of Growth Arrest-specific Transcript 5 by Competing with miR-423-3p to Regulate SMARCA4 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Nam Suk Woo , Kim Sang Yean , Ha Jin Woong , Na Min Jeong , Jeon Soyoung 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Long non-coding RNA growth arrest-specific transcript 5 (GAS5) has been identified as a tumor suppressor due to its downregulation in several cancers. However, our comprehensive analyses revealed aberrant overexpression of GAS5 in various cancers, with a direct association with SMARCA4 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Differential expression analyses were conducted using publicly available transcriptome datasets. Functional studies of GAS5 and its downstream targets in HCC were performed via siRNA-mediated knockdown in various HCC cell lines, in vivoxenograft mouse models, and spontaneous liver cancer models in Ras-transgenic mice. We discovered that METTL3-mediated N6-methyladenosine modification promoted IGF2BP2 binding, stabilizing GAS5 in HCC. GAS5 expression was significantly upregulated in a large cohort of solid cancer patients, including HCC. Targeted disruption of GAS5 resulted in notable inhibition of growth and proliferation in HCC cells. Further analyses demonstrated that GAS5 enhanced in vitro tumorigenesis and metastatic potential of HCC cells. MicroRNA target prediction and functional validation indicated that GAS5 shared a miR-423-3p binding element with SMARCA4 mRNA, functioning as a competing endogenous RNA. This interaction was validated in in vitro tumorigenesis assays and in vivo mouse models. Additionally, a synergistic effect was observed with a vehicle containing a siRNA mixture targeting both GAS5 and SMARCA4 in these animal models. m6A methylation-mediated IGF2BP2 binding stabilizes GAS5, which functions as a ceRNA for miR-423-3p, thereby enhancing the translation of SMARCA4 mRNA. GAS5 acts as a crucial regulator of the oncogenic SMARCA4 in hepatocellular carcinogenesis, presenting a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of liver malignancies.
Integrated analysis of single-cell and bulk transcriptomic data reveals altered cellular composition and predictive cell types in endometriosis
Authors: Chen Meihong , Shen Yan , Jiang Guanqun , Wang Liqun , Chen Qi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The early diagnosis of endometriosis is delayed and the clinical treatment is difficult, which causes severe economic burden to the patients. A comprehensive study of the cell classification and composition of endometriosis, is essential for early diagnosis and pathogenesis. This study utilized single-cell data as a reference to accurately deconvolute cell types within bulk transcriptomics data. Five main cell types in endometriosis (epithelial cells, mesenchymal cells, endothelial cells, lymphocytes, and myeloid cells) revealed varying degrees of change compared to healthy controls. Notably, epithelial cells significantly decreased while mesenchymal cells increased. However, MUC5B epithelial cells, showed an increasing trend, consistent with the increasing trend of dStromal-late mesenchymal cells and eM2 macrophages.Pathway enrichment analysis revealed the EMT signalling pathway dominated in endometriosis. Additionally, a random forest method based on cell types could successfully distinguish endometriosis patients from healthy control, which illustrates the potential value of cell types in early diagnosis.
Optimizing Spinal Infection Classification in Whole-Slide Images via Graph Convolutional Network and Model Uncertainty Integration
Authors: Liu Chaoyeu , Cheng Yongxiang , Wang Jin , Zhao Shuqing , Yuan Sen , Pang Chun guang , Li Ting , Hao Yanke , Zhang Qiang 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Spinal infections such as pyogenic spondylitis, spinal tuberculosis, and brucellar spondylitis are severe conditions that can lead to significant spinal damage and chronic pain. Whole-slide imaging (WSI) provides valuable visual information in pathological diagnoses. However, owing to the complexity and high dimensionality of WSI data, traditional manual diagnostic methods are often time-consuming and prone to errors. Therefore, developing an automated image analysis method is crucial to enhance the diagnostic accuracy and efficiency of WSI for spinal infections.
Methods
This study employed a novel framework that combines Graph Convolutional Networks (GCNs) with uncertainty quantification techniques to classify WSI images of spinal infections. A graph was constructed from segmented regions of the WSI, where nodes represented segmented pathological features and edges represented spatial relationships. The model was trained using a dataset of 422 cases from a provincial center for disease control and prevention and annotated for tuberculosis, brucellosis, and purulent spondylitis. The performance metrics were accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 scores.
Results
The integrated GCN model demonstrated a classification accuracy of 87%, recall of 85%, and F1 score of 0.86. Comparative analyses revealed that the GCN model exhibited a 10% higher performance than that of traditional CNN models. Moreover, the GCN model effectively quantified uncertainty and enhanced confidence in diagnostic decisions.
Conclusions
Integrating GCNs with model uncertainty enhances the accuracy and reliability of WSI image classification in pathology. This method significantly improves the capture of spatial relationships and identification of pathological features of spinal infections, offering a robust framework for supporting diagnostic and therapeutic decisions in medical practice.
The consequences of Fournier's gangrene in the penis or scrotum: the role of electrophotobiomodulation in conservative therapy
Authors: Elmelegy Nader 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background:
In 1883, Jean Alfred Fournier initially defined Fournier's gangrene as a rapidly developing and potentially lethal necrotizing fasciitis of the skin and soft tissue of the abdominal wall, scrotum, and perineal area. The optimal reconstruction technique is still up for debate.
Objective:
to assess how well E-light works for treating the aftereffects of post-fournier's gangrene.
Patients and Method:
E-light sessions were used to treat sixteen male patients with isolated penile or scrotal post-Fournier's gangrene raw areas.
Results:
Twelve patients (75%) had an excellent satisfaction rate, and four (25%) rated it as good. No fair or poor results were documented.
Conclusion:
Since E-light is an effective, easy, and affordable treatment with positive outcomes and minimal side effects, we advise using it to treat post-Fournier's gangrene isolated bare areas of the scrotum and penis.
The Causes of Oral Mucosal Lesions: A Retrospective Study Of Patients Attending Iranian Hospital
Authors: Eghbali Masoud , Alamdari Hamideh Azimi , Moghaddam Reza Forughi , Kargar Bita , Jesri Shabboo , Abdollahzadeh Ali , Hajialigol Amirhossein 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Introduction: Oral ulcers are one of the most common reasons for patients to visit dentists and dermatologists, and their causes can vary from a simple trauma to a malignancy such as squamous cell carcinoma or a debilitating disease such as pemphigus. Geographical diversity in the field of demographic information of common oral ulcers indicates the need for a comprehensive study on this category of patients in the region, so that it may be possible to find new patterns in the diagnosis and treatment of oral ulcers by examining the recorded information.the present study aimed to investigating the causes of oral erosions in Tabriz city.
Method and Materials: The present descriptive cross-sectional study was designed to investigate the causes of oral erosions in the patients of Sina Hospital clinic from March 2023 to March 2024. After obtaining the code of ethics from the ethics committee of Tabriz Azad University Faculty of Medical Sciences, the files of 89 patients who underwent a biopsy of the lesion due to the presence of oral lesions, and their pathology results are available in the laboratory department of this center, were examined. In the following, the researcher examined the files of the target patients, extracted information, and finally, the collected information was analyzed based on the objectives of the study using SPSS version 27.0.0.0 software.
Results: The average age of the studied patients was 52.4 ± 18.6 years and 46 patients (52.2%) were Female. The buccal mucosa was the most common site of ulcer with a frequency of 68 people (76.4%). There was only one wound in 43 patients (48.9%), three wounds in 38 patients (43.2%), and two wounds in 6 patients (6.8%). In 5 patients (5.6%), they also mentioned the previous history of oral ulcers. Also, in most of the patients (77 patients, 87.5%), the presence of the ulcer lasted for more than 2 weeks. vulgaris with the frequency of 25 people (28.4%) was the most common pathology identified. After that, SCC with a frequency of 16 people (18.2%) and lichen planus with a frequency of 9 people (10.2%) were other common lesions in the studied patients.
Conclusion: According to the results obtained from the present study, men had more oral lesions than women. Also, in the oral environment, the buccal mucosa has been the most common site of ulceration. Pemphigus vulgaris is the most common cause of mouth ulcers among the identified pathologies.
How long do patellofemoral joint arthroplasties last?
Authors: Vella-Baldacchino Martinique , Chughtai Dean , Kow Jonathan , Carr Charlotte , Coyle Amelie , Farrow-Foster Amelia , Russell Jemima , Liddle Alexander 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Patellofemoral arthroplasty is a offered to patients with isolated patellofemoral arthritis to restore function and reduce pain. This systematic review attempts to address long-term survivorship of the replacement, with conversion to a total knee arthroplasty (TKA) as an endpoint. Survival estimates from multiple case series and national registries were pooled to calculate survival at 5, 10, 15 and 20 years, respectively. As a secondary outcome, the type and number of complications were recorded. As arthroplasty registries do not report this information, this data was only included from publicly available series. 1015 eligible articles were identified, with 21 reporting survival and reasons for revision or complications. Data from registries were extracted. Using publicly available results from international joint registries, survival at 5 and 10 years were 90.30% (95% CI 88.32 to 92.27) and 82.23% (95% CI 78.90 to 85.56), respectively. However, long-term survivorship decreased to 73.74% (95% CI 69.12 to 78.37) and 72.68% (95% CI 69.58 to 75.53) at 15 and 20 years. Therefore, this highlights the importance of careful patient selection and the need for further research to improve long-term results. Future research should focus on reasons for pain in the postoperative period, including overall survival.
Characteristics of stem sings of EpCAM-negative and EpCAM-positive tumor cells in primary tumor and 2D and 3D cultures in breast cancer
Authors: Alifanov V. V. , Tretyakova M. S. , Grigoryeva E. S. , Buldakov M. A. , Tashireva L. A. , Kolegova E. S. , Andryuhova E. S. , Zavyalova M. V. , Denisov E. V. , Cherdyntseva N. V. , Perelmuter V. M. 
Published: November 2024

One of the predictors of adverse prognosis in breast cancer is the overexpression of the EpCAM protein. However, a signifcant part of tumor cells have low or no EpCAM expression. The molecular features and the ability to grow in 2D and 3D cultures, indirectly refecting metastatic potential of tumor cells without EpCAM expression, have not been sufficiently studied.The aim of the study was to compare phenotypic variants of stem cells and EMT depending on the EpCAM expression in the primary tumor of breast cancer and 2D and 3D cultures.Material and Methods. The study included 7 patients with invasive breast carcinoma of no special type. Luminal A subtype was found in 2/7 patients (29 %), and luminal B HER2-negative molecular subtype was found in 5/7 patients (71 %). The patients didn’t have neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Cells from the primary tumor were cultured in 2D and 3D. The primary tumor cells, 2D and 3D cultures were phenotyped using fow cytometry with antibodies targeting: CD45, EpCAM (CD326), CD44, CD24, N-cadherin (CD325), and CD133, CK7/8, EpCAM (CD326).Results. No significant differences were found in the frequency of detection and the number of cells exhibiting stem cell features among EpCAM- and EpCAM+ tumor cells, 2D and 3D cultures. All phenotypic variants of co-expression of stemness markers CD44, CD24, CD133, and ALDH were present both in the primary tumor and 2D/3D cultures. Stem cells in mammospheres had features of both epithelial and hybrid EMT phenotypes. In primary tumors and 2D/3D cultures, the smallest proportion consisted of stem cells with the CD44+CD24- phenotype and cells co-expressing CD44+CD24- with other stemness markers, while the largest proportion comprised stem cells with ALDH+ and ALDH+CD133+ phenotypes. Marked intra- and inter-tumor heterogeneity in the phenotypic composition of primary tumors, 2D, and 3D cultures was noted.Conclusion. The results indicate that EpCAM-negative and EpCAM-positive tumor cells of luminal molecular subtype of breast cancer are capable of exhibiting various phenotypic variants of stemness and EMT in the primary tumor and 2D and 3D cultures. In most cases, individual tumor cells show co-expression of several stemness markers. The phenotypic composition of primary tumors, 2D and 3D cultures is characterized by pronounced intra- and inter-tumor heterogeneity.
A Case Report on an Uncommon Complication Following the Extraction of Maxillary Molars: A Subconjunctival Hemorrhage
Authors: Mandapati Surendra Reddy , Kotha Anusha , Rudraraju Hemanth 
Published: November 2024

Background
This case report presents a complication, subconjunctival hemorrhage, after extraction of maxillary first and second molar residual roots. This is a very rare complication, with only four reported cases of sub-conjunctival hemorrhage in the literature.

Case Presentation
In this case report, a 62-year-old woman who had an extraction of maxillary first and second molar residual roots developed sub-conjunctival hemorrhage the day after the extraction. The condition was asymptomatic, and the hemorrhage dispersed in five days without any medical intervention except regular monitoring.

Conclusion
Clinicians should keep this rare complication in mind and take necessary precautions during local anesthesia and extraction.

Practical Implications
Clinicians should consider the possibility of this post-operative complication and perform surgical procedures with the utmost care, starting from aspiration during local anesthetic injection to post-surgical management of the area to prevent hemorrhage.