bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of business students’ attitudes towards entrepreneurship between 2017–2018
Authors: Kakkonen Marja-Liisa 
Published: July 2019

Entrepreneurial competences consist of attitudes, knowledge and entrepreneurial skills. In the autum 2017, a new curriculum emphasizing entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial behavior was launched in the business department of a Finnish university of applied sciences. In order to verify the development, a follow-up study with three annual sub-studies was planned to examine students' attitudes towards entrepreneurship, generic competences and subject-specific competences of entrepreneurship during the degree studies.This article presents the results of the development of the students' entrepreneurial attitudes between the first and third semester. According to the findings, the attitudes towards entrepreneurship were quite positive in the beginning of the studies, and it seems that they remained at the same level during one year. Based on the findings, as a practical implication there is a need for monitoring pedagogigal approaches and methods of the programme to make sure that they support enough the development of entrepreneurial attitudes. The entire development of entrepreneurial competences will be revealed by the next annual studies.Keywords: Attitudes; Entrepreneurship; Business students; Perceptions
Entrustable Professional Activities in Residency Programs – planning and scheduling issues
Authors: Riezebos Jan , Van der Zee Durk Jouke , Pruim Jan 
Published: July 2019

Residency programs allow residents, i.e., graduate physicians, to qualify for being a specialist in one of the medical disciplines. Their educational programme is strongly focusing on competencies and skills, but will incur a major change in the near future in order to introduce Entrustable Professional Activities (EPA’s). EPA’s focus on actual physician tasks and are assessed by supervisors in the clinic. The trust levels indicate whether trainees are ready for the next milestone, such as unsupervised practice, based on assessment of performance of those activities. EPA’s have not only effect on the internships and the assessment process, but also impact the planning and scheduling of the educational programmes, internships, patient care services, and co-operation between regional hospitals. This study examines the effect on the planning and scheduling process and proposes a framework for planning and scheduling in order to facilitate the organization of this type of educational programs. The main improvements have to be found in an improved regional coordination between the hospitals, a more leading role for the educational programme directors, and more intelligent planning and scheduling.
Thinking Skills in Problem Solving: Pre-Knowledges
Authors: Laiton Ignacio 
Published: July 2019

The present article shows the results of a study aimed at evaluating the way in which physics students of first semesters use the thinking skills in problem solving. We speak of pre-knowledge in terms of prior theoretical knowledge of an area of ​​knowledge, in this case it is about identifying pre-knowledge in the case of thinking skills for students who have recently entered higher education. At present, the teaching of thinking skills is considered one of the main characteristics of education for the 21st century. An instrument of ten problems submitted to expert judgment was designed to be applied during the academic semester to the students of electrical physics of two Colombian universities during the years 2016 and 2018. Are evaluated the categories of description, representation, identification of relationships, use of the mathematical model and drawing conclusions for each of the problems. The results show statistically a very low starting point in the ability to use such skills, and is in turn a reflection element for the design of effective pedagogical strategies in solving problems in physics in higher education.
Leave no one behind. Design inclusive motor activities in Primary Teacher Education Courses
Authors: Zurru Antioco Luigi , Mura Antonello , Tatulli Ilaria 
Published: July 2019

The development of international policies supporting inclusive education of people with disabilities has initiated a process of social democratization, that requires specific interventions and skills of multiple professionals.The education of future preschool and primary school teachers faces the challenge of inclusion and becomes fertile soil for the promotion of cultural change in society.In this sense, this research work, starting from the experiences of planning and development of inclusive motor activities, conducted for three years in the degree course in Primary Education Sciences of an Italian university, it collects testimonies, experiences and reflections of the students concerning the learning gained in the workshops organized by the degree course and to those acquired during the observation of the different public schools where they carried out the compulsory training to become teachers.The results, collected by the qualitative analysis of data, induce different levels of reflection concerning the current schooling educational practices for teaching motor activity, the training needs of future teachers, the elaboration of specific contents and teaching methods/strategies for the preparation of spaces and tools that guarantee the full accessibility of learning for all the students.
Immersive teacher training experience on the methodology of problem posing and solving in Mathematics
Authors: Floris Francesco , Barana Alice , Brancaccio Anna , Conte Alberto , Fissore Cecilia , Marchisio Marina , Pardini Claudio 
Published: July 2019

In an Italian and European context, one of the fundamental skills in Mathematics is the ability to solve problems in everyday situations, often linked to everyday life. For this reason, the problem posing and solving methodology plays a fundamental role in the process of teaching and learning Mathematics. This paper presents the results of the immersive experience "Mathematical Exploration with Problem Posing and Solving", included in the teacher training activities proposed by the national PP&amp;S - Problem Posing &amp; Solving - Project of the Italian Ministry of Education, which aims at enhancing the teaching and learning of Mathematics by using new methodologies and technologies. In particular, the focus will be on the work and considerations of the 50 teachers who took part in the project, from both primary and secondary school. They were guided through the individual step-by-step creation of a contextualized problem, following a process guided through stimulus-based questions. This immersive experience brought about the production of valid problems and was full of very stimulating teachers' considerations on the various phases of the problem posing and solving.
Review Of The Fund’s Policy On Multiple Currency Practices
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. Legal Dept.,   International Monetary Fund. Monetary and Capital Markets Department,   International Monetary Fund. Strategy, Policy, &amp,   Review Department,   International Monetary Fund. Research Dept.
Published: July 2019

This paper reviews the Fund’s policy on multiple currency practices (MCPs). There remain strong economic and legal reasons to retain a policy on MCPs. The over-arching aim of the review is to make the policy and its application more effective. Based on this review, the paper proposes initial considerations for reforming features of the policy that have created challenges.
•	Clarifying the concept of “official action” to focus on measures that segment FX markets.
•	Eliminating potentiality.
•	Updating the threshold for permissible FX spreads.
•	Adjusting approval policies.
•	Reviewing links with capital transactions.
•	Considering merits of a remedial framework.
A Culturally Competent Phenotypic Evaluation/Obesity Assessment in African and African American Populations: Pilot Study
Authors: Johnson Catrina , Corruccini Robert , Becque Motier Daniel , Moon Wanki , Ajuwon Kolapo , Lightfoot David A 
Published: July 2019

BMI, a ratio of weight over height, is a culturally-biased tool imposed upon the scientific, academic and medical communities as an errant measure of obesity across ethnicity. Body Mass Index (BMI) relates mass (g) to a relative fat distribution with regards to height. Its genesis is from the actuarially derived and ethnically exclusive height and weight tables that promote the fictional notion of inter-ethnic ideal weights that would be later adopted by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) as a competent measure of adiposity. Best practice, movement towards individualized medicine and deployment of effective models that impact the diabetes epidemic and its related precursors like insulin resistance and the metabolic syndrome, requires terminal use of BMI, a biologically meaningless and crude indicator of obesity, in favor of effective and culturally competent non-relative body composition evaluation of genetically determined adiposity that untenably compares values among groups. African Americans are among the increasingly affected groups for diabetes and posses unique composition variation requiring proper intra-cultural evaluation independent of inter-ethnic Eurocentric assumptions that over assesses obesity risk. Incorporating use of 4C models to evaluate adiposity and assess risk for diabetic predisposition and onset provides an effective unbiased assessment of the cultural components inherent within body composition variation among ethnicity, age, gender. Obesity and type II diabetes onset and pre-disposition is assessed phenotypically, in creation of a body mass profile among African and African American groups, using 4C model, photography, anthropometry, somatotype and genetic evaluation. Environmental obeseogenic cultural factors are also explored.
Investigação da HFC no ensino de ciências do IFRN - Campus Caicó.
Authors: Silva Paulo Ricardo Amorim , Silva Ítalo Batista , Lima Joseri Pedro de , Silva Eliete Ramalho , Silva Eriques Wanderley 
Published: July 2019

A História e Filosofia da Ciência (HFC) exercem papel fundamental na aprendizagem das teorias científicas e nos debates de cunho científico no ambiente escolar, no que diz respeito às raízes do conhecimento. Nesse sentido, o Grupo de Estudo e Pesquisa em Ensino de Física (GEPEF) do IFRN Campus Caicó, através de pesquisa aplicada por alguns de seus membros, realizou o presente estudo, objetivando investigar a inserção de tópicos de HFC nas aulas dos docentes de ciências (Física, Química e Biologia) do ensino médio e integrado ao técnico do IFRN – Campus Caicó. A pesquisa propôs a fazer um estudo por meio da aplicação de um questionário adaptado de Martins (2006) pelo GEPEF do IFRN - Campus Caicó, procurando destacar e diagnosticar se estes professores fazem a utilização da HFC em suas aulas, priorizando proporcionar aos alunos o conhecimento de como se chegou e de onde partiram tais conteúdos ensinados em sala de aula, além do papel do docente e suas perspectivas diante deste processo de ensino-aprendizagem. A maioria dos docentes relatou que já utilizou em suas aulas a inserção de tópicos de HFC, mesmo que em muito dos casos de maneira introdutória aos conteúdos expostos, demonstrando um significativo interesse em estudar e trabalhar HFC com o alunado. Por fim, observou-se que as escolas hoje no Brasil preocupam-se mais com exames de seleção para o ingresso ao ensino superior, como por exemplo, o Enem, tornando a carga horária dessas disciplinas pequena, dificultando de uma forma geral a introdução da HFC nas aulas de Ciências.
"On the way" to the function concept - experiences of a teaching experiment
Authors: Szanyi Gyöngyi 
Published: July 2019

Knowing, comprehending and applying the function concept is essential not only from the aspect of dealing with mathematics but with several scientific fields such as engineering. Since most mathematical notions cannot be acquired in one step (Vinner, 1983) the development of the function concept is a long process, either. One of the goals of the process is evolving an "ideal" concept image (the image is interrelated with the definition of the concept). Such concept image plays an important role in solving problems of engineering. This study reports on the beginning of a research aiming the scholastic forming of the students' function concept image i.e. on the experiences of a "pilot" study. By the experiment, we are looking for the answer of the following question: how can the analysis of such function relations be built into the studied period (8th grade) of the evolving process of the function concept that students meet in everyday life and also in engineering life?
Subject Classification: D43, U73
Trigonometric identities via combinatorics
Authors: Bényi Beáta 
Published: July 2019

In this paper we consider the combinatorial approach of the multi-angle formulas sin nΘ and cos nΘ. We describe a simple "drawing rule" for deriving the formulas immediately. We recall some theoretical background, historical remarks, and show some topics that is connected to this problem, as Chebyshev polynomials, matching polynomials, Lucas polynomial sequences.
Subject Classification: 05A19
Conceptual Metaphors in Donald Trump’s Political Discourse: Politics Domain (2018)
Authors: Linkeviciute Vilma 
Published: July 2019

The object of this research is conceptual metaphors in Donald Trump’s political discourse (2018) whichis aimed at his own positioning as an extremely positive and beneficial president who will “make America great again“. Furthermore, he implicitly and explicitly treats his opponents- the Democrats and previous governments as enemies who are guilty for all the problems and troubles in the USA.
Linguistic expressions of the following conceptual metaphors POLITICS IS WAR, POLITICS IS A JOURNEY, POLITICS IS A RACE, POLITICS IS A CRIME, POLITICS IS LOVE, POLITICS IS FRIENDSHIP prevail in Donald Trump’s political discourse. There are some expressions of conceptual metaphors, such as POLITICS IS A GAME, POLITICS IS WATER and POLITICS IS SLEEP in Trump’s political discourse.
The majority of these conceptual metaphors are based on the opposition I/we–they, where I stands for the President Trump, we are the members of the Republican Party and they are introduced as the Democrats.
Conceptual metaphor has an evaluative potential in Trump’s political discourse. Evaluations, expressed through linguistic metaphors and belonging to the same conceptual metaphor, may differ and acquire both positive and negative connotations.
Les idées linguistiques de Lucien Tesnière. Première partie
Authors: Bidaud Samuel 
Published: July 2019

Nous nous intéressons dans cette contribution, publiée en deux parties, aux idées linguistiques de Lucien Tesnière (1893-1954). Si ce dernier est essentiellement connu pour la syntaxe structurale et pour certains concepts-clés comme ceux de valence ou de translation, en revanche son œuvre est beaucoup plus variée que ce à quoi on la réduit habituellement. Tesnière s’est occupé, en effet, à la fois de linguistique théorique, mais aussi de linguistique appliquée, au sens large du terme, puisqu’il a toujours développé un intérêt majeur pour l’enseignement des langues et pour la géographie linguistique. Il s’est en outre tourné vers la traduction et l’analyse littéraire, en traduisant et commentant l’œuvre du poète slovène Oton Joupantchitch. L’article qui suit est consacré à la partie la plus théorique de la linguistique de Tesnière, sur laquelle nous nous penchons à partir de quatre points : la réhabilitation de la synchronie, la syntaxe structurale et son originalité, la typologie des langues et l’histoire des langues et du langage. La seconde partie de cette contribution, qui paraîtra dans le prochain numéro de Studies about languages, sera quant à elle consacrée à l’aspect plus « pratique » de la linguistique tesnièrienne, bien que celui-ci ne puisse pas être séparé clairement de la théorie, et se focalisera sur la didactique des langues, la géographie linguistique, la traduction et l’analyse littéraire.
L’expression discursive des mondes subjectifs du raccrochage scolaire
Authors: Guibert Pascal , Amar Florence 
Published: July 2019

Notre propos vise à comprendre ce que disent les décrocheurs à propos de leur parcours dans le décrochage. L’analyse de leurs discours a pour objectif de saisir « l’expression individuelle des mondes subjectifs » du raccrochage scolaire et porte sur l’explicitation des couples organisateurs des récits à trois niveaux : séquences, actants et arguments. Grâce à cette méthode, nous montrons que, contrairement aux idées reçues, la période qui suit le décrochage scolaire n’amène pas uniquement une perte de repères, de cadres et un « laisser-aller », mais est aussi marquée par la construction de mondes subjectifs permettant le raccrochage.
Entre école obligatoire et formation postobligatoire. Une approche socioculturelle de la trajectoire scolaire pour comprendre les dynamiques d’accrochage scolaire
Authors: Liechti Léonie 
Published: July 2019

Cette contribution propose d’examiner les dynamiques d’accrochage scolaire à travers l’étude de cas d’une élève inscrite durant une année dans un dispositif suisse de soutien à la transition entre école obligatoire et formation postobligatoire. Dans une visée compréhensive et en adoptant une approche psychoculturelle du développement, cette contribution s’intéresse à l’évolution du sens que l’élève attribue à son expérience scolaire et à son orientation vers le dispositif, tout en considérant la trajectoire scolaire et l’environnement de l’établissement dans lesquels sa situation s’inscrit. Les données utilisées sont issues de quatre entretiens semi-directifs menés avec l’élève (trois durant l’année scolaire 2014-2015 alors qu’elle a 16 ans et fréquente le dispositif, et un en 2017 alors qu’elle a 18 ans). Une analyse biographique de la trajectoire révèle d’abord un désengagement scolaire de l’élève, entraîné par la rupture que provoque l’attribution, par l’établissement d’enseignement, d’un profil scolaire faible à ses 12 ans, puis un réinvestissement scolaire durant son année dans le dispositif. De plus, l’étude du sens que l’élève élabore autour de son expérience scolaire durant l’année de transition révèle l’importance de l’élaboration de sens dans l’accrochage scolaire de l’élève.
Politique du son et des sentiments
Authors: Artiss Tom , Paré-Beauchemin Sophie , Fournier Robert 
Published: July 2019

Cet article traite de questions liées à la représentation et à l’expression du soi dans une communauté inuit du Labrador en se basant sur trois chansons de style country composées localement et fréquemment demandées et diffusées sur les ondes de la radio communautaire. La motivation politique, insuffisamment mise en valeur, sous-jacente aux « structures de sentiment » de Raymond Williams permet de corriger le déséquilibre discursif qui privilégie les formes « authentiques » par rapport aux formes euroaméricaines inuit. Mesurer la culture en termes d’expérience vécue plutôt qu’en termes de formes symboliques distinctes, comme le propose Williams, constitue la base pour identifier le substrat de continuités affectives qui perdurent alors que des formes plus tangibles s’érodent ou disparaissent. Des affectivités inuit distinctes qui s’attachent aux formes musicales non inuit sont à leur tour diffusées et partagées par la radio. Dans le paysage radio auditif-affectif qui en résulte, la portée affective d’une chanson est convertie en structures de sentiment sonore par l’interaction réflexive entre subjectivités émotionnelles individuelles et collectives.
The prognostic impact of age in different molecular subtypes of breast cancer: a population-based study
Authors: Dai Dongjun , Zhong Yiming , Wang Zhuo , Yousafzai Neelum Aziz , Jin Hongchuan , Wang Xian 
Published: July 2019

Background
The aim of current study was to use competing risk model to calculate the potential differences that age played in the prognosis of different breast cancer subtypes.

Methods
The cohort was selected from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program. The cumulative incidences of death (CID) was assessed for breast cancer caused deaths and other causes of mortality. The multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model and the multivariate subdistribution hazard (SH) model were used to evaluate the prognostic value of age in different breast cancer subtypes.

Results
We involved 33,968 breast cancer patients into our cohort. We found older patients had worse overall survival (OS) than young patients in hormone receptor positive and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positive breast cancer (HR+/HER2+) (≥40 vs. <40, HR = 2.07, 95% CI [1.28–3.35], p < 0.05). However, when we used competing risk model, we found young age was an independent risk factor only for triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) (≥40 vs. <40, HR = 0.71, 95% CI [0.56–0.89], p < 0.05). No association was found in other groups.

Conclusion
Our research was currently the largest sample size study and the first competing risk model-based study on the prognostic association between age and different breast cancer subtypes. We found <40 years patients had worse breast cancer specific survival (BCSS) than older patients in the TNBC subtype.
Effect of Different Levels of Nitrogen and Filter Mud on Tomato Vegetative Growth Yield and Yield Components
Authors: Abuzaid Abuzaid O. , Osman Mohamed S. , Elsiddig Elfatih A. M. , Abd-Elrahim Gamal Eldin Eltayeb 
Published: July 2019

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different levels of nitrogen and filter mud cake applications on vegetative growth and yield on tomato cultivar "Castle Rock".
Place and Duration of Study: Field experiments were conducted during two successive winter seasons 2015/2016 and 2016/2017 at the experimental farm, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Bakht Alruda, Ed Duiem, Sudan.
Methodology: Treatments included three Nitrogen levels (0, 43 and 86 kg N/ ha) and three filter mud levels (0, 2 and 4 ton/ ha). Urea (46%N) was used as source of nitrogen and applied after fifteen days from sowing. Filter mud cake was applied one month before sowing. The treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications.
Results: Results showed significant differences among N treatments in tomato vegetative growth, yield and yield components in the two seasons. The 86 kg N/ ha showed the highest vegetative growth yield and yield components compared to control. The filter mud application at both rates showed significant increase in the most vegetative growth parameters, yield and yield components compared to the control in the two seasons. The combination of N and filter mud resulted in significant increase in vegetative growth and yield components, the highest values were obtained by application of 86 kg/ha combined with 4 ton filter mud /ha.
Conclusion: Considering the present study it can be concluded that the application of 86 kg/ha combined with 4 ton filter mud /ha is the best level in terms of maximum vegetative growth, yield and yield components of Castle Rock tomato cultivar.