bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical effects of anweiyang capsule and Pinellia decoction for eradication of Helicobacter pylori and healing of peptic ulcers
Authors: Feng Xiaoying , Zhao Xin , Cao Lanlan , Shang Ruixue , Feng Xinran 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPeptic ulcers are a prevalent and often chronic condition within the digestive system, frequently prone to recurrence. This study aims to evaluate the clinical effects of Anweiyang capsule combined with Pinellia Heart-Draining Decoction on Helicobacter pylori eradication, ulcer healing rates, and improvement of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) syndromes in patients with peptic ulcers. A total of 100 patients were randomly assigned to an observation group (n = 50), receiving the herbal combination, and a control group (n = 50), receiving standard Western medical treatment. The total effective rate was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in the observation group (96%) compared to the control group (80%). After 4 weeks of treatment, serum procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels decreased, while prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) levels increased in both groups; however, the observation group exhibited better results (P < 0.05). The observation group achieved a H. pylori eradication rate of 94% and an ulcer healing rate of 82%, compared to 64% and 56% in the control group, respectively. Improvement in TCM syndrome scores was more significant in the observation group (P < 0.05). Moreover, the incidence of adverse reactions was significantly (P < 0.05) lower in the observation group (4%) compared to the control group (18%). In conclusion, Anweiyang capsule combined with Pinellia Heart-Draining Decoction significantly enhances the eradication rate of H. pylori and the ulcer healing rate without substantially increasing the risk of adverse reactions, demonstrating its safety and reliability for patients.
Associations of schizophrenia with arrhythmic disorders and electrocardiogram traits: genetic exploration of population samples
Authors: Treur Jorien L. , Thijssen Anaïs B. , Smit Dirk J. A. , Tadros Rafik , Veeneman Rada R. , Denys Damiaan , Vermeulen Jentien M. , Barc Julien , Bergstedt Jacob , Pasman Joëlle A. , Bezzina Connie R. , Verweij Karin J. H. 
Published: November 2024

Background
An important contributor to the decreased life expectancy of individuals with schizophrenia is sudden cardiac death. Arrhythmic disorders may play an important role herein, but the nature of the relationship between schizophrenia and arrhythmia is unclear.

Aims
To assess shared genetic liability and potential causal effects between schizophrenia and arrhythmic disorders and electrocardiogram (ECG) traits.

Method
We leveraged summary-level data of large-scale genome-wide association studies of schizophrenia (53 386 cases, 77 258 controls), arrhythmic disorders (atrial fibrillation, 55 114 cases, 482 295 controls; Brugada syndrome, 2820 cases, 10 001 controls) and ECG traits (heart rate (variability), PR interval, QT interval, JT interval and QRS duration, n = 46 952–293 051). We examined shared genetic liability by assessing global and local genetic correlations and conducting functional annotation. Bidirectional causal relations between schizophrenia and arrhythmic disorders and ECG traits were explored using Mendelian randomisation.

Results
There was no evidence for global genetic correlation, except between schizophrenia and Brugada syndrome (rg = 0.14, 95% CIs = 0.06–0.22, P = 4.0E−04). In contrast, strong positive and negative local correlations between schizophrenia and all cardiac traits were found across the genome. In the most strongly associated regions, genes related to immune and viral response mechanisms were overrepresented. Mendelian randomisation indicated that liability to schizophrenia causally increases Brugada syndrome risk (beta = 0.14, CIs = 0.03–0.25, P = 0.009) and heart rate during activity (beta = 0.25, CIs = 0.05–0.45, P = 0.015).

Conclusions
Despite little evidence for global genetic correlation, specific genomic regions and biological pathways emerged that are important for both schizophrenia and arrhythmia. The putative causal effect of liability to schizophrenia on Brugada syndrome warrants increased cardiac monitoring and early medical intervention in people with schizophrenia.
Case Article—Humanitarian Supply Chains and Inventory Management: Planning Medical Supply at the International Committee of the Red Cross
Authors: Thakur-Weigold Bublu , Tilson Vera , Pachamanova Dessislava A. , Mohamad Samah El Sayed 
Published: November 2024

This case is based on an actual project with the International Committee of the Red Cross. The rich context allows instructors to cover important topics in inventory management, supply chain management, and humanitarian logistics at a level appropriate for different student backgrounds. At a foundational level, the case presents opportunities to practice concepts like cycle stock, safety stock, and service level. Technical audiences can appreciate applications of machine learning and optimization for inventory management. Practice-oriented audiences learn about the challenges of applying commercial operations metrics and heuristics like ABC analysis to humanitarian logistics. Realistic data and models are provided. Funding: B. Thakur-Weigold acknowledges funding from the Engineering for Humanitarian Action initiative launched by the ICRC, ETH Zurich, and EPFL. International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zürich, and École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL). Supplemental Material: Supplemental materials are available at https://www.informs.org/Publications/Subcribe/Access-Restricted-Materials .
Pericapsular nerve group block reduces opioid use and pain after hip surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Hu Xianghong , Chenyang Dahao , Xu Bin , Lao Yangjun , Sheng Hongfeng , Zhang Shuliang , Huang Yuliang 
Published: November 2024

Background
While the pericapsular nerve group (PENG) block has become increasingly popular for managing pain after hip surgery, its efficacy remains controversial.

Methods
We systematically searched Pubmed, Web of Science, Embase, and the Cochrane Library for randomized controlled trials to assess current evidence about the efficacy of the PENG block. Patients who received PENG block were compared to those who received sham/no block in terms of opioid consumption and pain within 24h after surgery, time to first opioid requirement, functional recovery, risk of nausea and vomiting, and patient dissatisfaction. The quality of evidence was assessed using the "Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation" (GRADE) system.

Results
We meta-analyzed six trials involving 416 patients who received preoperative PENG block and 415 who received sham/no block. Patients did not receive any other type of multimodal analgesia. Within 24 h after hip surgery, PENG block significantly reduced postoperative opioid consumption (MD = -12.03, 95% CI: -21.47 to -2.59, P < 0.01, I2 = 97%), particularly in subpopulations undergoing hip replacement, hip fracture, or who had spinal anesthesia, and it significantly decreased dynamic pain scores, but not static scores, without increasing risk of nausea or vomiting or patient dissatisfaction. Individual studies suggested that the PENG block can prolong the time to the first opioid requirement and can improve functional recovery. Most meta-analyses provided evidence of moderate quality according to the GRADE system.

Conclusions
The available evidence indicates that preoperative PENG block can significantly decrease opioid consumption and pain early after hip surgery, and it may also promote early functional rehabilitation. However, the limited number of included studies and sample size make it difficult to draw firm conclusions. The decision on whether to apply the PENG block should take into account the patient’s age and the type of surgery and anesthesia.
Trends in mortality and associated factors among neonates hospitalized at Muhimbili national hospital, Tanzania: A three-year retrospective study
Authors: Msonda Tiwonge , Moshiro Robert , Salim Nahya , Naburi Helga 
Published: November 2024

Background
Tanzania is amongst the countries with high neonatal mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), and estimates vary widely among regions. Various interventions are being implemented at Muhimbili National Hospital (MNH), a tertiary and teaching facility, to contribute towards the reduction of neonatal mortality. This study aimed to detail the magnitude, trends and factors associated with neonatal mortality at MNH.

Methods and findings
A hospital-based retrospective cohort study was conducted from January 2018 to December 2020. Records of all neonates admitted during the study period were extracted from neonatal registers and the electronic medical record system and recorded in a pretested data collection form. Data cleaning and analysis were done using SPSS version 23. Poisson regression was used to determine adjusted relative risk (aRR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) to test association. A p-value of <0.05 was considered significant. Of the 17,021 neonates admitted, 11,552 (67.9%) were inborn. During the three years reviewed, 1,814 (10.7%) neonates died. The mortality rates were 5.9% for inborn neonates, 24.1% for outborn neonates, and 4.8% for readmitted neonates. Mortality trends declined quarterly at an average of 0.15%. Factors associated with neonatal mortality included; birth weight < 2500g [{aRR = 1.14; 95% CI (1.01–1.29)}], GA < 37 weeks[{aRR = 1.17; 95% CI (1.03–1.33)}], fifth-minute Apgar score <7[{aRR = 2.53; 95% CI (2.32–2.77)}], vaginal delivery[{aRR = 1.39; 95% CI (1.24–1.55)}], out-born[{aRR = 2.85; 95% CI (2.58–3.14)}], positive maternal HIV status[{aRR = 1.18; 95% CI (1.02–1.36)}] and maternal age ≥35years [{aRR = 1.12; 95% CI (1.01–1.25)}].

Conclusion
Despite a declining trend, in-hospital neonatal mortality at MNH is still high. Ongoing quality improvement strategies should prioritize the identification of neonates with risk factors for poor outcomes. Specifically, the high proportion of mortality among out-born neonates requires more attention and further investigation.
Types, design, implementation, and evaluation of nutrition interventions in older people in Africa: A scoping review protocol
Authors: Manyara Anthony , Manyanga Tadios , Chingono Rudo , Naidoo Shane , Mattick Kate , Pearson Grace , Babatunde Opeyemi , Naidoo Niri , Ward Kate A. , Gregson Celia L. 
Published: November 2024

Introduction
Africa’s older population is increasing and this, necessitates the development of interventions to promote healthy ageing. Nutrition is a key determinant of healthy ageing and local contextual evidence is needed to inform nutritional intervention development in Africa. There are already reviews on nutritional status and food insecurity in older adults in Africa. However, a synthesis of nutrition interventions targeting older people specifically, is lacking. Therefore, this protocol describes a scoping review that aims to systematically synthesise current evidence on nutrition interventions for older people in Africa.

Methods
The review will involve: a review of available reviews on nutrition in older people in Africa (Phase 1); a review of nutrition interventions developed or implemented among older people in Africa (Phase 2); and consultation with local nutrition stakeholders in Zimbabwe, and The Gambia to contextualise Phase 1 and 2 findings and solicit insights not in the published literature (Phase 3). Searches for Phases 1 and 2 will include bibliographic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, African Journals Online, African Index Medicus) and grey literature sources (i.e. relevant websites). Title, abstract, and full-text screening will be conducted in duplicate, data extracted using piloted tools and findings summarised using descriptive statistics and narrative text. Phase 3 will be conducted using hybrid workshops, audio-recorded, detailed notes taken, and findings combined with those from Phases 1 and 2.

Conclusion
The findings of this review will summarise current evidence on nutrition in older people in Africa and inform nutrition intervention development. The findings will be presented in conferences, meetings, and published open access.

Trial registration
This scoping review has been registered in OSF, registration DOI: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/FH74T.
Prevalence and predictors of coronary heart disease among individuals with and without obesity in North Dakota
Authors: Mensah Emmanuel Angmorteh , Khan Md Marufuzzaman , Odoi Agricola , Njau Grace , Schmidt Matthew , Lord Jennifer 
Published: November 2024

Introduction
Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the most common cardiovascular disease in the United States and heart disease is the leading cause of death in North Dakota. Although obesity is a major risk factor for CHD, some studies have reported an inverse relationship between body mass index (BMI) and CHD outcomes. Understanding the epidemiology of CHD among individuals with and without obesity is essential to guide health planning. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to estimate the prevalence and identify predictors of CHD among North Dakota adults with and without obesity.

Methods
Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data from 2017 to 2021 were provided by the North Dakota Department of Health and Human Services. Weighted prevalence estimates and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed for CHD and potential risk factors among respondents with and without obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m2). Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify significant predictors of CHD in both groups.

Results
A total of 17,092 respondents were included in the study. Respondents with obesity had a higher prevalence of CHD (4.7%, 95% CI: 4.2–5.4) than those without obesity (3.0%, 95% CI: 2.7–3.4). Predictors of CHD among both groups included age, sex, self-reported general health, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and diabetes. Having a personal doctor (Odds Ratio [OR] = 1.91, 95% CI: 1.13–3.23) and arthritis (OR = 1.72, 95% CI: 1.34–2.22) were significant predictors of CHD among respondents without obesity, but not among those without obesity.

Conclusion
While the prevalence of CHD was significantly higher among adults with obesity compared to those without obesity, the findings of the stratified analysis indicated that predictors of the condition tended to be similar for the two groups. This study provides useful information to guide health planning and control programs that aim to reduce the burden of CHD in North Dakota.
Serum calcium-magnesium ratio at admission predicts adverse outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Jiang Yan , Luo Baolin , Chen Yaqin , Lu Wen , Peng Yanchun , Chen Liangwan , Lin Yanjuan 
Published: November 2024

Background
Evidence from observational studies suggests that increased calcium exposure may elevate the risk of adverse events in patients with coronary artery disease, while magnesium may exert a protective effect on disease risk. However, there have been limited investigations into the relationship between these minerals and acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Therefore, this study aimed to explore the association between the Serum calcium-magnesium ratio (Ca/Mg ratio) in patients with acute coronary syndrome and their clinical outcomes.

Methods
This retrospective analysis reviewed the clinical data of 1,775 patients with ACS who underwent coronary angiography and/or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) at the Fujian Heart Center between May 2017 and December 2022. The patients were categorized into four groups based on their Ca/Mg ratio at admission (Group 1, ≤2.373, n = 443; Group 2, 2.374–2.517, n = 442; Group 3, 2.518–2.675, n = 446; Group 4, ≥2.676, n = 444). Single-factor analysis and multivariate logistic regression were employed to analyze the clinical characteristics and postoperative clinical outcomes of patients in different groups. The primary outcome included major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs), while the secondary outcomes included contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN)、all-cause rehospitalization raten and hematorrhea.

Results
Univariate analysis showed that the patients had a mean age of 64.50±10.79 years, with 370 female patients (20.8%). Additionally, 1,158 patients had hypertension (65.2%), and 710 patients had diabetes (40.5%). Univariate analysis showed an inverse relationship between the serum calcium-to-magnesium ratio and all-cause in-hospital mortality, with patients in the lowest quartile having the highest mortality rate. Multivariate analysis showed that the Ca/Mg ratio at admission was independently associated with MACCEs. Among them, this ratio was inversely associated with all-cause mortality [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 0.07; 95% CI 0.01–0.63; P<0.05] and positively associated with new-onset atrial fibrillation (aOR 1.86; 95% CI 1.08–3.21; P<0.05). Additionally, the Ca/Mg ratio was positively correlated with an increased risk of postoperative major bleeding (aOR 6.58; 95% CI 1.43–30.29; P<0.05).

Conclusion
In this large retrospective study, serum calcium and magnesium levels at admission were significantly associated with adverse outcomes in patients with ACS. The Ca/Mg ratio was identified as a reliable predictor of poor prognosis in ACS patients.
DataLoom: Simplifying Data Loading with LLMs
Authors: van Renen Alexander , Stoian Mihail , Kipf Andreas 
Published: November 2024

Schema discovery and data loading is a crucial step in any data analysis pipeline. While this used to be a rare task, in the highly dynamic field of machine learning and modern business intelligence on top of data lakes, today it has become a frequent, but often underestimated, activity. Existing tools often focus on single files, presume prior knowledge of the data on the user's side or a significant amount of manual labor.
In this paper, we improve the process of mapping a "chaotic" set of files to an initial database schema that can then be iteratively refined and loaded. The idea is to take the previously tedious parts of this process and automate them through the use of Large Language Models (LLMs) while leaving already well-understood problems such as constraint discovery to existing algorithms. We thus carefully orchestrate the use of LLMs for the "soft" problems and traditional algorithms for the "hard" problems. This creates a more seamless schema discovery and data loading experience that minimizes the time to first insight for users. We show this vision on modern schema discovery and data loading in our web-based prototype called DataLoom that serves as our demonstration.
Covariant projective representations of Hilbert–Lie groups
Authors: Neeb Karl-Hermann , Russo Francesco G. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Hilbert–Lie groups are Lie groups whose Lie algebra is a real Hilbert space whose scalar product is invariant under the adjoint action.
These infinite-dimensional Lie groups are the closest relatives to compact Lie groups.
In this paper, we study unitary representations of these groups from various perspectives.
First, we address norm-continuous, also called bounded, representations.
These are well known for simple groups, but the general picture is more complicated.
Our first main result is a characterization of the discrete decomposability of all bounded representations in terms of boundedness of the set of coroots.
We also show that bounded representations of type II and III exist if the set of coroots is unbounded.
Second, we use covariance with respect to a one-parameter group of automorphisms to implement some regularity.
Here we develop some perturbation theory based on half-Lie groups that reduces matters to the case where a “maximal torus” is fixed, so that compatible weight decompositions can be studied.
Third, we extend the context to projective representations which are covariant for a one-parameter group of automorphisms.
Here important families of representations arise from “bounded extremal weights”, and for these, the corresponding central extensions can be determined explicitly, together with all one-parameter groups for which a covariant extension exists.
Zivilgesellschaftliche Bildungsorganisationen
Authors: Priemer Jana , Rößler-Prokhorenko Charlotte , Hutter Swen 
Published: November 2024

Zusammenfassung
Bildungsexpert:innen sind sich einig: Bildung ist mehr als Schule. Was bislang kaum gesehen wird: Auch die Zivilgesellschaft trägt mit verschiedenen Angeboten zur Bildung bei. Dies wird besonders durch einen erweiterten Bildungsbegriff sichtbar, der Bildung nicht auf die Phase der Kindheit und Jugend beschränkt, sondern als lebenslangen Prozess versteht. Zudem werden durch einen erweiterten Bildungsbegriff auch jene Bildungsprozesse betrachtet, die in zivilgesellschaftlichen Institutionen stattfinden, wie in Museen, Vortragssälen oder in Vereinen. Vor diesem Hintergrund nimmt der Beitrag zivilgesellschaftliche Organisationen und ihre Bildungsbeiträge in den Blick. Basierend auf originären Befragungsdaten von mehr als 4500 zivilgesellschaftlichen Organisationen wird gezeigt, dass Bildungsaktivitäten in der organisierten Zivilgesellschaft weit verbreitet und vielfältig sind. Zivilgesellschaftliche Bildungsorganisationen stellen eine wertvolle Bildungsressource dar, die jedoch aufgrund der herausragenden Rolle des freiwilligen Engagements als besonders verletzlich und nicht selbstverständlich anzusehen ist.
How grammatical constructions contribute to responsibility attribution in GBV coverage: a corpus-assisted study
Authors: Yang Chunhong , Zhang Yuanyuan , Zheng Youqi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The portrayal of key participants in gender-based violence (GBV) by the media has been analyzed as ideologically driven by critical discourse analysis (CDA) scholars. Nevertheless, previous studies of media coverage of GBV cases with a CDA approach were confined to qualitative analysis while quantitative evidence was lacking and were perpetrator-oriented without the victim’s perspectives. Addressing these gaps, this study conducted a case analysis of four British newspapers, each representing different political inclinations. Results revealed that the political inclinations did not influence media’s preference for certain constructions. However, the perpetrator was ascribed with a much greater degree of agency in high frequency active constructions. Even in passive and nominal constructions, he was specified more frequently than deleted, contradicting most previous research indicating that the perpetrators were often deleted to conjure away responsibility. We also verified the significance of the context particularly in interpreting the agentless passive and nominal constructions. Further research from diachronic and reader-oriented perspectives should bring more converging evidence.