bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing veterinarians’ opinions of antimicrobial stewardship initiative acceptability for farm practice in Wales
Authors: Powell Adam , Bard Alison M. , Rees Gwen M. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundAntimicrobial stewardship (AMS) initiatives are imperative to safeguard antimicrobials and reduce resistance. Across the UK, AMS relies in part on the self‐regulation of the veterinary profession, particularly in farm animal practice, alongside voluntary schemes and quality assurance systems. In Europe, AMS initiatives are often statutory and require responsibility from several sectors. Consideration of broader AMS initiatives, potentially unfamiliar to the Welsh veterinary profession, could optimise future policy and align it with the requirements of Welsh veterinarians.MethodsAMS initiatives were collated from nations with long‐standing low antimicrobial use. A survey was constructed permitting veterinarians' evaluation of initiative feasibility and effectiveness (collectively, ‘acceptability’) within Welsh farm animal practice.ResultsVeterinarian‐directed AMS initiatives, particularly those implemented within individual practices, were considered most acceptable. Initiatives that demanded cooperation from entities outside practices, or those regarded as punitive, were less acceptable.LimitationsThe findings of this voluntary survey may be biased towards particularly motivated respondents in the veterinary sector. Additionally, the cause or effect of the recorded professional behaviour is not known in this study.ConclusionFuture antimicrobial policy should consider AMS acceptability by veterinarians, alongside farmers and other stakeholders, to promote compliance and attainment. The study data suggest that veterinarians may perceive continuous professional development/knowledge exchange as being most acceptable, alongside activities allied to a strong veterinarian‒client prescribing relationship. Continued support should focus on expanding these areas. Decoupling (ie, abolishing the professional licence for veterinarians to both prescribe and dispense medicines) was viewed as least acceptable by veterinarians in this study.
Challenges in Exploiting Human H Ferritin Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery: Navigating Physiological Constraints
Authors: Macone Alberto , Cappelletti Chiara , Incocciati Alessio , Piacentini Roberta , Botta Sofia , Boffi Alberto , Bonamore Alessandra 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTOver the past two decades, ferritin has emerged as a promising nanoparticle for drug delivery, catalyzing the development of numerous prototypes capable of encapsulating a wide array of therapeutic agents. These ferritin‐based nanoparticles exhibit selectivity for various molecular targets and are distinguished by their potential biocompatibility, unique symmetrical structure, and highly controlled size. The hollow interior of ferritin nanoparticles allows for efficient encapsulation of diverse therapeutic agents, enhancing their delivery and effectiveness. Despite these promising features, the anticipated clinical advancements have yet to be fully realized. As a physiological protein with a central role in both health and disease, ferritin can exert unexpected effects on physiology when employed as a drug delivery system. Many studies have not thoroughly evaluated the pharmacokinetic properties of the ferritin protein shell when administered in vivo, overlooking crucial aspects such as biodistribution, clearance, cellular trafficking, and immune response. Addressing these challenges is crucial for achieving the desired transition from bench to bedside. Biodistribution studies need to account for ferritin's natural accumulation in specific organs (liver, spleen, and kidneys), which may lead to off‐target effects. Moreover, the mechanisms of clearance and cellular trafficking must be elucidated to optimize the delivery and reduce potential toxicity of ferritin nanoparticles. Additionally, understanding the immune response elicited by exogenous ferritin is essential to mitigate adverse reactions and enhance therapeutic efficacy. A comprehensive understanding of these physiological constraints, along with innovative solutions, is essential to fully realize the therapeutic potential of ferritin nanoparticles paving the way for their successful clinical translation.
Compression of a semi‐bounded body with a coating layer along the interface sliding zone
Authors: Bogdanov Vyacheslav L. , Nazarenko Volodymyr M. , Kipnis Alexander L. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWithin the framework of the three‐dimensional linearized theory of stability of deformable bodies, the plane problem on compression of a piecewise‐homogeneous half‐plane along a defect, which is a frictionless sliding zone located at the rectilinear interface between two rigidly connected media, a semi‐bounded homogeneous body (base) and a homogeneous thin coating layer, have been studied. The initial stage of body fracture is associated with the loss of material stability in a local area near the specified defect. The base and coating materials are considered as highly elastic materials described by an elastic potential with different mechanical characteristics. The boundary value problem, formulated in terms of potential harmonic functions, using Fourier integral transforms, is reduced to an eigenvalue problem for the Fredholm integral equation of the first kind, which is studied numerically by employing Bubnov—Galerkin method. For a compressible material with a harmonic potential, critical values of the load parameters that correspond to local instability have been found. The critical load parameters obtained have also been compared with similar values of the critical parameters corresponding to the near‐surface instability of a piecewise‐homogeneous half‐plane (without a defect) compressed along the interface between the media that are rigidly connected or slide without friction against each other.
The Parameter $$B/A$$
Authors: Beyer Robert T. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The ratio

$$B/A$$

B
∕
A

, which has become a traditional measure of acoustic nonlinearity associated with the equation of state for a fluid, has its origin in the Taylor series expansion of variations of the pressure in terms of variations of the density. Relations defining

$$B/A$$

B
∕
A

for liquids and immiscible mixtures are derived, and explicit expressions are presented for perfect gases and longitudinal waves in isotropic solids. Methods for measuring

$$B/A$$

B
∕
A

in liquids are described. Tables are provided with numerical values of

$$B/A$$

B
∕
A

for various fluids, liquefied gases, and biological tissues, and for proteins and amino acids in aqueous solutions.
Dispersion
Authors: Hamilton Mark F. , Ilinskii Yurii A. , Zabolotskaya Evgenia A. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Dispersion introduces asynchronism in the nonlinear interaction of frequency components in a wave, which reduces the efficiency of energy transfer between harmonics. Two examples of weak dispersion are considered, one due to relaxation, for which an analytical solution for a step shock is available, and another due to thermoviscous boundary layers in ducts. Strong dispersion is considered for propagation of sound in nonplanar waveguide modes, with a nonlinear Schrödinger equation presented for narrowband pulses. Also considered is propagation in bubbly liquids, with a nonlinear evolution equation and coefficient of nonlinearity developed for sound at frequencies below the bubble resonances.
Sound Beams
Authors: Hamilton Mark F. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Diffraction in sound beams is analyzed using the KZK nonlinear parabolic wave equation. General integral solutions are presented for generation of the second harmonic, sum, and difference frequencies in weakly nonlinear axisymmetric sound beams. Analytical solutions are obtained for sources with Gaussian amplitude distributions, both unfocused and focused. Asymptotic solutions are presented for far-field radiation from circular pistons, and the appearance of additional sidelobes is explained. Solutions for difference-frequency radiation in the far field of a parametric array, and the associated self-demodulation of narrowband waveforms, are derived. Numerical simulations are presented for strongly nonlinear sound beams with shocks.
Conceptualising Non-Motherhood
Authors: Björklund Jenny , Rodgers Julie 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis chapter introduces the volume by theorising non-motherhood, outlining existing scholarship on the topic, and presenting the chapters in the volume. While feminist theory has paid close attention to motherhood and mothering, there has been less rigorous focus on non-motherhood, and research has typically focused on either involuntary or voluntary non-motherhood. This volume seeks to deconstruct the barriers between these two positions, instead allowing them to enter into dialogue with each other. It unites scholars from different disciplines and national contexts in the study of non-motherhood across a variety of materials and from diverse perspectives. The chapters draw attention to the fact that non-motherhood cannot be defined as a singular experience, and they carefully engage in the probing and widening of the term ‘non-motherhood’ itself. By including representations and experiences that are not usually discussed as part of the research field on non-motherhood, such as secondary infertility, miscarriage, and perinatal loss, the volume expands the definition of non-motherhood. Moreover, it interrogates social and cultural norms that continue to conflate motherhood with womanhood and creates a space where the silenced stories of non-mothers can be articulated and where non-mothers can claim an identity that is legitimate.
Choosing Childlessness: Familial and National Acts of Resistance in Preti Taneja’s We That Are Young (2017)
Authors: Woods Orlagh 
Published: November 2024

AbstractJasodhara Bagchi underscores the pervasiveness of motherhood in contemporary Indian culture: “Feminist understanding of motherhood has been central to the unfolding of Indian society from the moment of insertion into the global capitalist system through the colonizing process to the present day when it is directly under the thumb of a market-driven neo-liberal regime of globalization” (xxvi). Preti Taneja’s 2017 adaptation of Shakespeare’s King Lear, entitled We That Are Young, confronts this hegemonic mode of motherhood and the way(s) it is culturally and religiously reified in contemporary India. Taneja’s novel serves to shed light on the pernicious grasp tradition still holds on women in contemporary Indian society and points out that in cultures where mothering is coopted by nationalist or corporatist rhetoric, women are relegated to vessels for future industrious citizens and prevented from mothering, or indeed in many cases, living, on their own terms. This chapter focuses on the choice of non-motherhood by one of the novel’s protagonists, Gargi, and the ways this choice fundamentally undermines her father’s legacy-building project on a micro level and, more broadly, serves as a refusal to perpetuate the hetero-patriarchal structures of the nation.
New purely damped pairs of quasinormal modes in a hot and dense strongly-coupled plasma
Authors: de Oliveira Gustavo , Rougemont Romulo 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Perturbed black holes exhibit damped oscillations whose eigenfrequencies define their quasinormal modes (QNMs). In the case of asymptotically Anti-de Sitter (AdS) black holes, the spectra of QNMs are related to the near-equilibrium behavior of specific strongly interacting quantum field theories via the holographic gauge-gravity duality. In the present work, we numerically obtain the spectra of homogeneous non-hydrodynamic QNMs of a top-down holographic construction called the 2 R-Charge Black Hole (2RCBH) model, which describes a hot and dense strongly-coupled plasma. The main result is the discovery of a new structure of pairs of purely imaginary QNMs. Those new purely damped QNMs dominate the late time equilibration of the strongly-coupled plasma at large values of the chemical potential, while at lower values the fundamental QNMs are instead ordinary poles with imaginary and real parts describing oscillatory decaying perturbations. We also observe a new phenomenon of asymptotic pole fusion for different pairs of purely imaginary QNMs at asymptotically large values of the chemical potential. This phenomenon corresponds to the asymptotic merging of the two poles within each pair of purely imaginary QNMs, with the different pairs of merged poles being evenly spaced by a constant value of 4π in all the different perturbation channels associated to different irreducible representations of the spatial SO(3) rotation symmetry of the medium. In particular, this indicates that characteristic equilibration times for the plasma develop upper bounds that cannot be surpassed by further doping the medium with increasing values of the chemical potential.
Canonical quantization of lattice Chern-Simons theory
Authors: Jacobson Theodore , Sulejmanpasic Tin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We discuss the canonical quantization of U(1)k Chern-Simons theory on a spatial lattice. In addition to the usual local Gauss law constraints, the physical Hilbert space is defined by 1-form gauge constraints implementing the compactness of the U(1) gauge group, and (depending on the details of the spatial lattice) non-local constraints which project out unframed Wilson loops. Though the ingredients of the lattice model are bosonic, the physical Hilbert space is finite-dimensional, with exactly k ground states on a spatial torus. We quantize both the bosonic (even level) and fermionic (odd level) theories, describing in detail how the latter depends on a choice of spin structure.
„Zum Verrücktwerden“. Die Generierung feministischer Psychiatriekritik am Beispiel der Zeitschrift Courage, 1978–1980
Authors: Doetz Susanne 
Published: November 2024

Zusammenfassung
Am Beispiel der feministischen Zeitschrift Courage zeigt der Beitrag, wie ihr partizipativer Herstellungsprozess eine psy-feministische Wissensgenerierung ermöglichte, die auch Frauen mit Psychiatrieerfahrung einschloss. Deren Beobachtungen, Wahrnehmungen und Deutungen verbanden die Zeitschriftenmacherinnen mit visuellen Darstellungen und einem Literaturkanon, der weit über das Feld der Psychiatrie(-kritik) hinausreichte. Anstelle medizinischer Psychopathologien implementierten die Courage-Frauen Schreibstile und Bildsprachen, die das subjektive Erleben von psychischen Leiden und psychischen Alteritäten in den Vordergrund stellten und es zur gesellschaftlichen Stellung von Frauen in Beziehung setzten. Gleichzeitig kamen in der Zeitschrift auch die Anbieterinnen feministischer Behandlungsmöglichkeiten zu Wort. Die Psychiatriekritik der Courage – so die These – zeichnete sich durch einen multiperspektivischen Ansatz aus, der das Thema „Frauen in der Psychiatrie“ aus dem engen Feld der Psychiatrie, Psychologie und Psychotherapie herauslöste und um künstlerische, patientinnen- und erfahrungsorientierte sowie gesellschaftskritische Perspektiven erweiterte.
Pre-symptomatic scintigraphic and genetic cascade screening in cardiac transthyretin amyloidosis
Authors: Holcman Katarzyna , Rubiś Paweł , Ćmiel Bogdan , Stępień Agnieszka , Graczyk Katarzyna , Mróz Krystian , Szot Wojciech , Dziewięcka Ewa , Winiarczyk Mateusz , Kurek Maria , Kęska Mateusz , Podolec Piotr , Kostkiewicz Magdalena 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Purpose
While early diagnosis is crucial, as new treatments can significantly slow the progression of the disease, there is growing evidence on the application of novel imaging techniques for detecting transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTR) in pre-symptomatic stages. This study aimed to evaluate the utility of pre-symptomatic scintigraphic imaging cascade screening for early detection of ATTR.

Methods
During the period from 2020 to 2024, we conducted a prospective study that enrolled 100 consecutive adults. The study utilized a multimodal cascade screening approach to assess asymptomatic relatives of individuals with ATTR (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05814380). The analysis incorporated clinical data, genetic testing, echocardiography, scintigraphy and single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) with [99mTc]Tc-DPD, regardless of the predicted age of disease onset.

Results
Overall, scintigraphy identified cardiac amyloidosis (CA) in 8.2% of relatives, while 20.5% carried a pathogenic transthyretin variant without radiotracer uptake, with Phe53Leu being predominant. Notably, no relatives of wild-type ATTR patients exhibited CA on scintigraphy or carried a transthyretin variant. Additionally, newly-diagnosed relatives with ATTR CA presented elevated high-sensitivity troponin levels and exhibited a higher incidence of pathological electrocardiographic Q waves, greater thickness of the intraventricular septum and left ventricular posterior wall, a notable decline in lateral wall and intraventricular septal E' tissue velocities measured by TDI, and the "5–5-5" sign (p < 0.05).

Conclusion
The presented findings demonstrate that implementing a systematic screening protocol, which integrates genetic and scintigraphic testing, facilitates the early detection of ATTR. Crucially, a significant proportion of asymptomatic relatives of patients with hereditary ATTR may suffer from underlying CA.

Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05814380.
Patterns of oviposition site selection of four sympatric species of amphibians in ephemeral streams
Authors: Oh Dogeun , Kang Jaehun , Song Uhram , Ahn JeongYoon , Kang Changku 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMany oviparous animals are selective about where to lay eggs, as this greatly affects their offspring’s survival. Theoretically, species sharing the same habitat are expected to experience similar selective pressures, leading to the prediction that they might share similar oviposition preferences. However, this hypothesis has not yet been tested. In this study, through an extensive field survey, we examined the oviposition site selection of four sympatric amphibian species (Rana uenoi, Hynobius quelpaertensis, Bombina orientalis, and Dryophytes japonicus) that reproduce in the same natural ephemeral stream. Our focus was on understanding how abiotic and biotic factors influence their reproductive choices. We primarily found that desiccation avoidance is a universal selective pressure affecting all species, with a tendency to avoid laying eggs in smaller pools prone to desiccation. Species-specific responses to leaf litter and canopy coverage were observed, but none of the species’ oviposition choices correlated with the quantity of stones in pools. We also explored biotic influences, revealing species-specific trends in the selection of pools with conspecific and heterospecific juveniles, predators, and mosquito larvae, indicating a complex ecological interplay. These findings highlight the complexity of ovipositional patterns in animals, where decisions are not driven solely by a single factor such as the avoidance of predators or competitors but also by intricate assessments of multiple factors. The study highlights that amphibian oviposition in ephemeral streams is influenced by a diverse interplay of biotic and abiotic factors, essential for understanding their reproductive strategies in dynamic environments.
Management of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria with low-level hemolysis in pregnancy– a report of two cases
Authors: Riedl Julia , Pfeilstöcker Michael , Farr Alex , Häusler Günther , Ay Cihan , Füreder Wolfgang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPregnant women with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) are at high risk for life-threatening thromboembolism. Therapy with the complement inhibitor eculizumab is able to mitigate thrombotic risks in PNH and to improve pregnancy outcomes. However, whether PNH with low-level hemolysis in pregnancy can be safely managed without complement inhibition is unclear.Here, we describe two pregnant patients with PNH in the setting of bone marrow failure and low-level hemolysis with lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) < 1.5 x upper limit of normal [ULN]. In both patients, management consisted solely of prophylactic anticoagulation, without the use of complement inhibition. Both pregnancies ended successfully without thromboembolic complications.We conclude that in pregnant patients with PNH and low-level hemolysis (i.e. LDH < 1.5 x ULN), management with close monitoring and prophylactic anticoagulation only, without use of complement inhibition, might be a reasonable strategy. More data to guide optimal management of pregnant women with PNH are needed.
The role of gut microbial β-glucuronidases in carcinogenesis and cancer treatment: a scoping review
Authors: Hillege Lars E. , Stevens Milou A. M. , Kristen Paulien A. J. , de Vos-Geelen Judith , Penders John , Redinbo Matthew R. , Smidt Marjolein L. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Introduction
The human gut microbiota influence critical functions including the metabolism of nutrients, xenobiotics, and drugs. Gut microbial β-glucuronidases (GUS) enzymes facilitate the removal of glucuronic acid from various compounds, potentially affecting anti-cancer drug efficacy and reactivating carcinogens. This review aims to comprehensively analyze and summarize studies on the role of gut microbial GUS in cancer and its interaction with anti-cancer treatments. Its goal is to collate and present insights that are directly relevant to patient care and treatment strategies in oncology.

Methods
This scoping review followed PRISMA-ScR guidelines and focused on primary research exploring the role of GUS within the gut microbiota related to cancer etiology and anti-cancer treatment. Comprehensive literature searches were conducted in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science.

Results
GUS activity was only investigated in colorectal cancer (CRC), revealing increased fecal GUS activity, variations in the gut microbial composition, and GUS-contributing bacterial taxa in CRC patients versus controls. Irinotecan affects gastrointestinal (GI) health by increasing GUS expression and shifting gut microbial composition, particularly by enhancing the presence of GUS-producing bacteria, correlating with irinotecan-induced GI toxicities. GUS inhibitors (GUSi) can mitigate irinotecan's adverse effects, protecting the intestinal barrier and reducing diarrhea.

Conclusion
To our knowledge, this is the first review to comprehensively analyze and summarize studies on the critical role of gut microbial GUS in cancer and anti-cancer treatment, particularly irinotecan. It underscores the potential of GUSi to reduce side effects and enhance treatment efficacy, highlighting the urgent need for further research to integrate GUS targeting into future anti-cancer treatment strategies.