bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Positive end-expiratory pressure on stroke volume variation: an experimental study in dogs
Authors: Nakashima Tsuyoshi , Kawazoe Yu , Iseri Toshie , Miyamoto Kyohei , Fujimoto Yuka , Kato Seiya 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background : Stroke volume variation (SVV) is reportedly affected by ventilation settings. However, it is unclear whether positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) affects SVV independent of the effect of driving pressure. We aimed to investigate the effect of driving pressure and PEEP on SVV under various preload conditions using beagle dogs as the model animal.
Methods : Mild and moderate hemorrhage models were created in 9 anesthetized, mechanically ventilated beagle dogs by sequentially removing 10 mL/kg, and then an additional 10 mL/kg of blood, respectively. In all animals, driving pressure was incrementally increased by 4 cmH 2 O, from 5 cmH 2 O to 17 cmH 2 O, under PEEP values of 4, 8, and 12 cmH 2 O. Stroke volume (SV) was measured using the pulse-counter method and the thermodilution method.
Results : The driving pressure did not significantly decrease SV under each preload condition and PEEP; however, increased SVV significantly. In contrast, the increased PEEP decreased SV and increased SVV under each preload condition and driving pressure, but these association were not statistically significant. According to multiple regression analysis, an increase in PEEP and decrease in preload significantly decreased SV (P<0.01). In addition, PEEP did not affect SVV, but the increased driving pressure and decreased preload significantly increased SVV.
Conclusion: The SV decreased with an increase in PEEP; however, the SVV was not significantly affected by PEEP. Driving pressure had more influence than PEEP on SVV.
Physical activity promotion in daily exercise therapy: The perspectives of exercise therapists in German rehabilitation settings
Authors: Geidl Wolfgang , Wais Judith , Fangmann Cheyenne , Demisse Ewnet , Pfeifer Klaus , Sudeck Gorden 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Abstract
Background
This study aims to explore exercise therapists’ perspectives on the topic of physical activity promotion (PAP) with a focus on identifying (i) the intervention content and methodological approaches used for promoting physical activity (PA) in daily practice and (ii) the barriers and facilitators that affect PAP.
Methods
This qualitative study comprised the heads of exercise therapy departments (n = 58; 41% women; mean age = 45 years) from different rehabilitation clinics in Germany. Each participant took part in a semi-structured focus-group discussion on PAP in exercise therapy. The findings of the focus groups were processed and interpreted using a conventional qualitative content analysis.
Results
The exercise therapists demonstrated detailed didactic–methodological strategies and action orientations for PAP. The identified core topics of the content and methods of PAP were (1) conceptualization, (2) exercise and PA for enjoyment and pleasure, (3) education with practice–theory combinations, (4) media and materials for self-directed training, and (5) strategies to enhance personal responsibility and independence. The core topics for the associated barriers and facilitators were (1) structural conditions, (2) the role of exercise therapists, (3) the interdisciplinary rehabilitation team, (4) rehabilitant experiences and expectations, and (5) aftercare services.
Conclusion
The topic of PAP is addressed with a high level of variability; exercise therapists involved in this study identify various methods and content for the promotion of PA within their individual practices. However, they display a limited awareness of existing evidence- and theory-based concepts for the promotion of PA as well as underlying theories of behavioural change. This variability may be due to the lack of a defined common framework for promoting PA, insufficient emphasis being placed on PA promotion in the current curricula and training, or extensive conceptual differences within German exercise therapy departments (e.g. different weighting of PAP).
Prevalence and Predictors of Anemia among Adolescent girls in Rural Hadero district, Southern Ethiopia, Community Based Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Gute Tsegaye Alemu Alemu , Hankore Tigist Yakob 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Abstract
Background: Anemia is the most common nutritional problem in adolescent girls and it has negative consequence on cognition, work performance and economic productivity. However, in the developing world there is limited evidence regarding the magnitude and determinants of anemia among adolescent girls. The current study highlights the burden of and factors associated with anemia in adolescent girls in Hadero district, Southern Ethiopia.
Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted in January, 2016 among adolescent girls 10-19 years old. A total of 407 subjects were selected using multistage cluster sampling technique. Hemoglobin level was determined from capillary blood using the HemoCue method. Factors associated with anemia (give the operational definition in bracket) were identified using bivariate and multivariate binary logistic regression analysis. The outputs of analyses are presented using adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) with 95% Confidence Interval (CI).
Result: The mean (±SD) of hemoglobin concentration adjusted for altitude was 13.7 + 1.2and ranged from 8 to 16.6g/dl. The overall prevalence of anemia was 15.2% (95%CI: 11.68%, 18.72%). Out of the total 400 adolescent girls 13.7% [95% CI: 10.33%, 17.06%] and 1.5% [95%CI: 0.3%, 2.7%] had mild and moderate anemia, respectively. low dietary diversity, (AOR=3.6, 95 % CI: 1.7, 7.7), long menstrual duration (AOR=6.4, 95%CI: 1.55, 27.0), malaria attack history (AOR=3.2, 95%CI: 1.4, 7.2) and over loaded physical work load (AOR=4.0, 95%CI: 1.7, 9.5), large family size (AOR=0.37,95% CI:0.16, 0.92) and low altitude (AOR=3.2, 95%CI: 1.23, 8.3) were significantly associated with anemia. Furthermore, prevalence of stunting and thinness were 21.3% and 16.5 % respectively.
Conclusion : Anemia is a mild public health problem in the study area; increasing dietary diversity, Insecticide Treated Bed nets (ITNs) utilization and adolescent nutrition education are important strategies to reduce the burden of anemia.
The performance of anthropometric measures to predict diabetes mellitus and hypertension among adults in Jordan
Authors: Khader Yousef , Batieha Anwar , Jaddou Hashem , El-Khateeb Mohammad , Ajlouni Kamel 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Objectives

This study aimed to evaluate and compare the abilities of waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI), hip circumference (HC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) to predict recently and previously diagnosed diabetes and hypertension and assess their appropriate cut-off values among Jordanian adults.Methods

Data from the 2017 cardiovascular risk factors survey were analyzed to achieve the study objective. The survey collected extensive data from a national population-based sample of Jordanian residents. A structured questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic variables and clinical data. Blood samples were taken for biochemical measurements. Anthropometric characteristics were measured by the same team of trained field researchers.Results

This study included a total of 1193 men and 2863 women. Their age ranged from 18 to 90 year with a mean (SD) of 43.8 (14.2) year. WHtR performed better than other anthropometric measures and had a good accuracy (AUC>0.80) among women and fair accuracy among men to predict newly diagnosed diabetes and previously diagnosed diabetes and hypertension. The appropriate cut-off points for anthropometric measures among women were 92 cm form WC, 104 cm for HC, 30 Kg/m 2 for BMI, 0.85 for WHR, and 0.60 for WHtR. For men, the appropriate cut-off points were 100 cm for WC, 104 cm for HC, 27 Kg/m 2 for BMI, 0.93 for WHR, and 0.57 for WHtR.Conclusion

WHtR performed better than other anthropometric measures in predicting diabetes and hypertension among adult population in Jordan. We recommend WHtR as a measure of choice with a cut-off value of 0.6 for women and 0.57 for men to predict diabetes and hypertension among Jordanians.
The Influence of different Sources on Disease-related Knowledge among Patients with Rare Diseases: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Litzkendorf Svenja , Frank Martin , Babac Ana , Rosenfeldt Daniel , Schauer Franziska , Hartz Tobias , Schulenburg J.-Matthias Graf von der 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background: Finding reliable information on one of more than 7,000 rare diseases is a major challenge for those affected. Since rare diseases are defined only by the prevalence criterion, a multitude of heterogeneous diseases are included. Common to all, however, are difficulties regarding information access. Even though various quantitative studies have analyzed the use of different information sources about rare diseases, still little is known about how users rate these sources and how their importance changes over time.
Methods: Fifty-five patients with a variety of rare diseases and 13 close relatives participated in qualitative interviews. For these interviews, a semi-structured guideline was developed, piloted, and revised. Evaluation followed qualitative content analysis developed by Philipp Mayring.
Results: The internet is the most important and widespread information source, especially for early information. Although patients have difficulty dealing with information obtained online, they consider online searching a quick and practical option to gather information. During the course of the disease, personal contact partners, especially self-help associations and specialized doctors, become more important. This is also because information provided online is sometimes insufficiently detailed to answer their information needs, which can be complemented by information from doctors and self-help.
Conclusions: People rarely use just one type of source, but rather refer to different sources and informants. The source used depends on the type of information sought as well as other person-related factors such as preexisting knowledge and the disease stage. To improve people’s information searching and connect them with specialists in rare diseases, a central information portal on rare diseases is a suitable access point to provide free and quality assured information for patients, caregivers, and physicians. This would allow not only patients but also doctors to find quality assured information on symptoms and therapies as well as patient associations and specialized doctors.
Institutional Delivery Service Utilization And Associated Factors In Ethiopia: A Systematic Review And Meta Analysis
Authors: Nigusie Adane , Azale Telake , Yitayal Mezgebu 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background: Different primary studies in Ethiopia showed the weight of institutional delivery service utilization and factors associated with it. However, variation among those studies was seen. This study was aimed to estimate the pooled national prevalence and associated factors of Institutional delivery service utilization in Ethiopia.
Methods: PubMed, Cochrane library, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched. A funnel plot and Egger’s regression test were used to see publication bias. I-squared statistic was applied to check heterogeneity of studies. A weighted inverse variance fixed-effects model and Dersimonian laired random effect model was applied to estimate the pooled national prevalence and the effect size of associated factors.
Result: A total of 24 studies with 19,969 participants were used for prevalence estimation. The pooled prevalence of Institutional delivery service utilization was 31% (95% CI: 0.30-0.312; I2 = 0.000%). Attitude towards institutional delivery(AOR=2.83; 95% CI 1.35 5.92 ), maternal age at first pregnancy((AOR= 3.592; 95% CI 2.269 5.686 )), residence setting(AOR= 3.844; 95% CI 1.313 11.253), educational status of mothers(AOR=2.915;95% 1.881-4.517), availability of information source(AOR= 1.797;95% CI 1.160 2.783), ANC follow-up((AOR= 2.574 95% CI 1.460 4.54 )), frequency of ANC follow up(AOR= 4.039;95% CI 1.212 13.462), knowledge of institutional delivery & danger signs during pregnancy((AOR=3.04;95% CI 1.76 5.24 )) and place of birth the most recent birth(AOR=8.44;95% CI 5.748 12.393) were identified factors of institutional delivery service utilization.
Conclusions: The prevalence of institutional delivery in Ethiopia remains low. This review may help policy-makers to design institutional delivery service utilization improvements.
Keywords: Institutional delivery, service utilization, Ethiopia
Dietary practices and associated factors among pregnant women in West Gojjam Zone, Northwest Ethiopia
Authors: Mulugeta Yeshalem , Alem Getu Degu , Belachew Tefera 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background: The optimal dietary practice is critical requisite for maternal nutrition. However, the majority of Ethiopian pregnant women have inadequate nutrient intakes. This may be due to their poor dietary habit. Identifying factors affecting dietary practices of pregnant women is crucial to design appropriate interventions. In this country, the dietary practices of pregnant women and determinants are not well studied. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the dietary practices and associated factors among pregnant women in West Gojjam Zone, Northwest Ethiopia.
Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was carried out among 712 pregnant women from May to August 2018. Quantitative data complemented with qualitative method. Pregnant women were selected using a cluster sampling technique. Structured questionnaires were utilized for data collection. Data were entered into Epi-Info version 7.2.2 and exported to SPSS version 23 software for analysis. Data were described using frequencies and mean. Logistic regression analysis was done.
For qualitative data, three focus group discussions and 17 key-informant interviews were conducted. . Focus group discussion participants were mother-in-lows, husbands and health professionals. Typical case and homogeneous sampling techniques were used for the key-informant interviews and focus group discussions, respectively. The tape-recorded interviews and FGDs were transcribed verbatim into Amharic language and then translated from Amharic to English. Thematic analysis was used for the qualitative data.
Results: Only 19.9% of respondents had appropriate dietary practices. On the multivariable logistic regression analyses, being food secure [AOR=2.25, 95% CI: (1.1, 4.5)], having high edible crop production [AOR=2.00, 95% CI: (1.2, 3.2)] and favorable attitude [AOR=1.69, 95% CI: (1.1, 2.6)] were significantly associated with the appropriate dietary practices of pregnant women. In the qualitative study lack of knowledge on maternal diet, cultural prohibition and knowledge gap of professionals were barriers that interfere with dietary practices during pregnancy.
Conclusion: Pregnant women in the study area are found to have suboptimal dietary practices. Therefore, health professionals should give regular nutrition counseling using cards and role models for promoting diversified food production and consumption to meet the nutrient requirements during pregnancy.
Keywords: pregnant women, dietary practice, dietary diversity, food variety score
Diagnostic accuracy of the LAMP assay for Neisseria meningitidis
Authors: Fan Shu- Jin , Guo Xu-Guang , Tan Hong-kun , Xu Yu-cheng , Chen Yuan-zhi , Xie Tian-ao , Pan Zhi-yong , Shi-ou Yang , Qin Li , Xiao-Yan Li , Zhen-Xing Li 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background Neisseria meningitidis is a major cause of bacterial meningitis, and these infections are associated with a high mortality rate. Rapid and reliable diagnosis of bacterial meningitis is critical in clinical practice. However, this disease often occurs in economically depressed areas, so an inexpensive, easy to use, and accurate technology is needed. We performed a meta-analysis to assess the potential of the recently developed loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for detection of meningococcus. Methods Pubmed, Embase, and Web of Science were searched to identify original studies that used the LAMP assay to detect meningococcus. After pooling of data, the sensitivity and specificity were calculated, a summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve was determined, and the area under the SROC curve was computed to determine diagnostic accuracy. Publication bias was assessed using Deek's funnel plot. Results We examined 14 studies within 6 publications. The LAMP assay had high sensitivity (94%) and specificity (100%) in the detection of meningococcus in all studies. The area under the SROC curve (0.980) indicated high overall accuracy of the LAMP assay. There was no evidence of publication bias. Conclusion The LAMP assay has accuracy comparable to bacterial culture and PCR for detection of meningococcus, but is less expensive and easier to use. We suggest adoption of the LAMP assay for detect meningococcus, especially in economically depressed areas.
Fiberendoscopy for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Congenital Esophageal Muscular Hypertrophic Stenosis of infants
Authors: Wang Xue Qi , Kong Chi Huan , Ming An Xiao , Wang Ye Tong , Li Long 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background The aim was to investigate the diagnosis and effect for the treatment of Congenital Esophageal Hypertrophic Stenosis of infant with endoscopy. Methods To summarize and review the data of 5 cases of Congenital Esophageal Hypertrophic Stenosis during Apr. 2017 to Jan. 2018.All patients were retrospected the clinical procedures and follow-ups who were carried out examination, diagnosis and treatment with endoscopy and endoscopic ultrasonography in the middle and lower parts of esophagus. Results The characters of esophageal stenosisin infants could be identified using endoscopy and endoscopic ultrasonography. For the muscular hypertrophic stenosis, the narrow parts could be successfully relieved to 12-15mm in diameter by using endoscopic balloon dilatation. Conclusion It is feasible to use endoscopy for the diagnosis and treatment of Congenital Esophageal Hypertrophic Stenosis occurred in the lower part of esophagus in infants. Excessive damages and occurrence of restenosis after traditional esophagectomy could be avoided.
Determinants of postpartum IUCD utilization among mothers who gave birth in Gamo zone public health facilities, southern Ethiopia; case-control study
Authors: Mohammed Seid Jemal , Gebretsadik Weynshet , Endeshaw Gisila , Shimbre Mulugeta shigaz , Mosa Kenzudine Asfaw , Metebo Keyredin Nuriye , Yesgat Yibeltal Mesfin 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
ABSTRACT

Background: Even though postpartum IUCD is effective, reliable, safe and recommended contraceptive method during postpartum women, only a small amount of mother who gave birth in health facilities used PPIUCD in the world. Besides the underlining problem and as to the knowledge of the researcher; nothing is known in Gamo zone about the determinants of PPIUCD. Therefore, this study aimed to assess determinants of postpartum IUCD utilization among mothers who gave birth in Gamo zone health facilities, southern Ethiopia, 2019.

Methods: a facility based unmatched case control study was conducted in Gamo zone public health facilities, southern Ethiopia. A total of 536(179 cases and 357 controls) participants were selected in the study with a 1:2 case to control ratio. Data was collected by a pretested interviewer administered questionnaires from March 1 to April 15 2019. The data was coded, cleaned and entered by Epi-Info version 3.5.1 and exported to SPSS version 25 for advanced analysis. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis were performed to identify the determinants.

Result: A total of 510(175 cases and 335 control) were involved in the study, which makes a response rate of 95.1%. The odds of mothers who have partner support for IUCD insertion were ten times more likely to utilize PPIUCD than those do not have partner support. (AOR (95 CI) 10(4.03, 24.3)). Mothers who have a birth interval of 1-2 year and 3-5 years 12 and almost 10 times more likely to utilize PPIUCD than mothers who have greater than five years. (AOR (95 CI) 12.0(1.5, 97.7), 9.7(1.7, 55.1)) respectively. The odds of mothers who are spacer four times more likely to utilize PPIUCD than limiters (AOR (95 CI) 4(1.44,10.84)). Mothers who are counseled during early labor around 88% less likely to utilize PPIUCD than those counseled during ANC (AOR (95 CI) .125(.034, .46)).

Conclusion and recommendation : Birth interval, fertility plan, timing of counseling, pregnancy plan and partner support were determinant factors. Therefore, health professionals better to give counseling by incorporating partners during antenatal follow up and after delivery.

Key words : Postpartum IUCD, Gamo zone, unmatched case control, determinant factors
Management Strategies to Optimize Soil Phosphorus Utilization and Alleviate Environmental Risk in China
Authors: Zhang Weina , Tang Xiaomei , Feng Xionghan , Wang Enli , Li Haigang , Shen Jianbo , Zhang Fusuo 
Published: August 2019

In the last decade, crop production in China has dramatically improved due to greater phosphorus (P) input. As P fertilizer application rates increased from 88 to 123 kg P2O5 ha−1 yr−1 during 2004 to 2014, total P use efficiency (total P output in crops as a percentage of total P input) dropped from 68 to 20%, leading to an accumulation of >90 kg P2O5 ha−1 in the soil each year. Phosphorus lost from agriculture is the second greatest contributor to waterbody eutrophication in China, accounting for 25% of total P losses in 2010; the main contributor is livestock husbandry. Given these problems, as well as the finite nature of P reserves, three strategies are proposed here to reduce P fertilizer application rates, improve P use efficiency, and minimize the environmental risk caused by P loss in China: (i) improving soil legacy P utilization by modifying cropping systems, rhizosphere management, or microbial engineering, (ii) increasing P use efficiency by reducing P fertilizer applications and minimizing P fertilizer fixation, and (iii) promoting the extension of soil P management strategies. For these management strategies to succeed in China, close cooperation should be established among farmers, scientists, and governments in the future.Core Ideas
The low P use efficiency of crop leads to >90 kg P ha−1 accumulation in soil each year.
Soil P loss is the second dominant contributor of Chinese waterbodies eutrophication.
Three strategies are proposed here to reduce the P fertilizer application rate.
The conversion rate of scientific and technological achievements should be further coordinated.