bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Strategy for Optimization of Self‐Care in the Treatment of Children and Young People After Liver Transplantation: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Takeuchi Sachi , Hagiwara Kuniko , Ueno Takehisa 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundTo optimize self‐care in the treatment of children and young people (CYP) after liver transplantation, intervention by healthcare professionals is necessary for both the CYP and their parents. Increasing evidence supports a comprehensive intervention strategy with dedicated individual time, but data on specific ways of involvement are limited. We explored specific and structured intervention strategies within the healthcare system in Japan to optimize self‐care in treatment for CYP after liver transplantation by describing the best practices discussed by healthcare providers.MethodsWe conducted semi‐structured interviews with six RN clinical transplant coordinators from six different facilities in Japan. We inquired about their collaborative interventions with other healthcare professionals for CYP after liver transplantation. Each interview was audio‐recorded, and anonymized transcripts were qualitatively coded and analyzed.ResultsOur findings revealed interventions to optimize self‐care in CYP after liver transplantation, involving three core categories: invest in future young people, grounding autonomy from the start, employ a patient‐centered approach to optimizing self‐care in CYP after liver transplant, and optimize the environment as an enabling factor for self‐care through CYP stage.ConclusionsThis study emphasizes a holistic approach to optimizing self‐care in CYP after liver transplantation by integrating normative development with transplant therapy demands. It focuses on two key age groups: early childhood and adolescence, within a life course perspective.
A novel Agroathelia species causing southern blight on Aconitum carmichaelii in Sichuan, China
Authors: Wang Siyu , Wang Qian , Gou Yumei , Hou Hongji , Qiu Yujie , Su Tianwei , Dong Mengting , Zou Lan , Huang Jing 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAconitum carmichaelii is a prominent medicinal plant widely used in Asian countries. Southern blight is one of the main soilborne diseases and has severely restricted the sustainable development of A. carmichaelii. Its causative pathogen was identified as Sclerotium rolfsii in 1981 in the main planting areas. Typical southern blight symptoms were observed on A. carmichaelii in Jiangyou, Sichuan, China, from 2020 to 2023, and five fungal strains were isolated from diseased A. carmichaelii plants. Fungal isolates formed white, fluffy, cotton‐like mycelium and dark brown, round or oval sclerotia. The lethal temperature for these isolates was 55°C, while they showed various resistant capacities against acid, alkaline and salt conditions and fungicides. Starch and ammonium chloride were the optimal carbon and nitrogen sources for the fungal isolates, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis based on concatenated sequences of rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS), large subunit (LSU) and β‐tubulin (TUB) revealed that these five isolates clustered independently into the Agroathelia clade but with <97% identity to reference strains and were characterized as Agroathelia sp. nov. Inoculation of fungal hyphal plugs on A. carmichaelii roots and plants caused severe southern blight symptoms. Cross‐pathogenicity tests demonstrated that the five isolates also displayed high pathogenicity on eggplant and tomato plants. These findings provide valuable insights into a novel southern blight pathogen of A. carmichaelii that may contribute to effective management of this disease.
Post‐term births as a risk factor for small for gestational age births and infant mortality in Brazil, Mexico, and Palestinian refugees: An analysis of electronic birth records
Authors: Jamaluddine Zeina , Suarez Idueta Lorena , Paixao Enny S. , Pescarini Julia M. , Ghattas Hala , Sato Miho , Seita Akihiro , Martinez‐Juarez Luis A. , Barreto Mauricio L. , Ohuma Eric O. , Day Louise T. , Campbell Oona M. R. , Blencowe Hannah 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundPost‐term pregnancy, defined as reaching or exceeding 42 + 0 weeks of gestation, is known to be associated with unfavourable birth outcomes. High‐income countries have responded to this risk by widely adopting labour induction protocols in late‐term, but many low‐ and middle‐income countries have not. However, understanding underlying mechanisms linking post‐term births to adverse newborn and infant outcomes remains limited.ObjectiveTo investigate the (a) prevalence of post‐term, (b) the risk factors associated with post‐term (c) the association between post‐term births and the risk of small‐for‐gestational‐age (SGA) neonates and of infant mortality in middle‐income settings.MethodsWe used existing electronic datasets from the general population of Brazil, Mexico, and Palestinian refugees. Regression models were used to explore the associations between post‐term birth and SGA and infant mortality.ResultsWe analysed 21,335,033 live births in Brazil (2011–2018), 23,416,126 in Mexico (2008–2019), and 966,102 in Palestinian refugees (2010–2020) (N = 45,717,261). Post‐term deliveries accounted for 3.1% of births in Brazil, 1.2% in Mexico, and 2.1% in Palestinian refugees. Post‐term births had approximately three times the risk of resulting in SGA neonates compared to term births. Additionally, post‐term neonates exhibited a 15% to 40% increased risk of infant mortality compared to term infants. Notably, post‐term SGA neonates faced a significantly increased risk of infant mortality compared to term appropriate for gestational age neonates.ConclusionsThese findings emphasise the critical significance of implementing induction strategies to prevent post‐term pregnancies and mitigate the associated risks of SGA neonates and subsequent infant mortality. Moreover, the study highlights the importance of accurately determining gestational age and using INTERGROWTH‐21st charts to improve the identification of SGA cases, enabling targeted interventions. This is especially relevant because post‐term SGA neonates may not exhibit low birthweight (a commonly used risk marker) and, therefore, may miss out on required specialised attention.
A quantitative analysis of biosafety and biosecurity using attack trees in low‐to‐moderate risk scenarios: Evidence from iGEM
Authors: Zhang Xi , Xiao Zhanpeng , Zhang Te , Wei Xin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAs synthetic biology is extensively applied in numerous frontier disciplines, the biosafety and biosecurity concerns with designing and constructing novel biological parts, devices, and systems have inevitably come to the forefront due to potential misuse, abuse, and environmental risks from unintended exposure or potential ecological impacts. The International Genetically Engineered Machine (iGEM) competition often serves as the inception of many synthetic biologists’ research careers and plays a pivotal role in the secure progression of the entire synthetic biology field. Even with iGEM's emphasis on biosafety and biosecurity, continuous risk assessment is crucial due to the potential for unforeseen consequences and the relative inexperience of many participants. In this study, possible risk points for the iGEM projects in 2022 were extracted. An attack tree that captures potential risks and threats from experimental procedures, ethical issues, and hardware safety for each iGEM‐based attack scenario is constructed. It is found that most of the attack scenarios are related to experimental procedures. The relative likelihood of each scenario is then determined by using an established assessment framework. This research expands the traditionally qualitative analysis of risk society theory, reveals the risk formation in the synthetic biology team, and provides practical implications.
The Effect of Race and Sex on Contact Sex Crime Arrest Odds
Authors: Roskin‐Frazee Amelia 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis article investigates how the intersection of race and sex affects contact sex crime arrest odds. Logistic regression analyses of 2012–2016 U.S. National Incident‐Based Reporting System data for 391,352 people reported to law enforcement for contact sex crimes reveals that Black people reported for contact sex crimes have higher odds of arrest than those reported who are not Black, and the relationship between race and arrest odds varies by sex—the effect is stronger for those labeled “female” or “other” and weaker for those labeled “male.” I posit that sex strengthens the effect of race on contact sex crime arrest odds for those who are not male because race helps construct non‐male bodies as masculine, and in a U.S. cultural context that has viewed sex as a legitimate way of asserting male dominance, sexual violence is masculine. However, race is not necessary to construct most male bodies as masculine, making the strength of race's effect on contact sex crime arrest odds less significant for males.
Peritumoral Edema in Canine Extra‐Axial Brain Tumours: Effect of Steroids
Authors: Poirier Valerie J. , Gieger Tracy , James Fiona M. K. , Jensen Monica , Hocker Samuel , Pinard Christopher J. , Nykamp Stephanie 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis multicenter retrospective study evaluated the effects of a time delay and steroids on the volume of peritumoral edema (VPTE) in dogs with extra‐axial brain tumours. The hypothesis is that VPTE will decrease between the diagnostic (MRI‐1) and RT planning (MRI‐2) MRIs following the administration of steroids. Inclusion required paired MRI acquisitions within 3 months, with VPTE contouring for each MRI registered to the RT planning CT. No edema was defined as < 0.2 cm3, increased edema was > 30% VPTE increase and decreased edema was > 30% VPTE decrease. Forty‐four dogs of which 34 (77%) received steroids between MRIs were included. The median time between the MRIs was 22 days (range: 8–74 days). Nine (20%) had no edema on both MRIs. The median MRI‐1/VPTE: 0.83 cm3 (IQR: 0.15–2.06 cm3) and median MRI‐2/VPTE: 0.40 cm3 (IQR: 0.06–1.12 cm3) were significantly different (p = 0.048). Compared to MRI‐1/VPTE: 17 (39%) VPTE decreased, eight were stable and 10 increased. The median VPTE difference was −21%, range: −100 to +6287. With steroids, VPTE decreased in 15/34 (44%) and increasedin 6/34 (18%) (median VPTE diff: −60%) compared to no steroids (median VPTE diff: +25%). Steroids use was associated with change in VPTE (p = 0.009). Two dogs had clinical deterioration and were on steroids with documented VPTE increase (+86% and +1880%) without tumour progression. The change in VPTE is highly variable but reduction is associated with steroids. Notably, subjective improvement of clinical signs can be seen without significant decrease to the VPTE on imaging.
Efficacy of multiple Brassica biofumigation techniques in the suppression of non‐native and native grass seedling emergence and productivity
Authors: Sencenbaugh Lilly , Mangold Jane M. , Ulrich Danielle E. M. , Rew Lisa J. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractNon‐native annual grasses are degrading rangelands in the western United States and of vital management importance. Novel management strategies are needed to extend current approaches. The aim of this study was to determine if biofumigation was a viable strategy to manage non‐native annual grasses (cheatgrass, Bromus tectorum and ventenata, Ventenata dubia). We tested the effect of Brassica juncea as ground seed meal, seed meal leachate, mustard straw, mustard straw leachate and cereal straw at increasing rates on the two non‐native species and two native perennial grasses (Idaho fescue, Festuca idahoensis and bluebunch wheatgrass, Pseudoroegneria spicata) in a growth chamber experiment. A solarization split treatment was applied using a clear cover to determine if solarization enhanced the biofumigant effect. We recorded the number of emergent seedlings after a 3‐week growth period, determined the effective dose 50%, and the above‐ and belowground biomass. Emergence was inhibited for all species using ground seed meal and seed meal leachate, with lower rates and higher consistency achieved with ground seed meal. Three species were inhibited using mustard straw leachate (not F. idahoensis). Mustard straw reduced emergence in all species but was not different from cereal straw. Solarization did not enhance the effects of the biofumigant for seed meal or mustard straw; conversely, emergence increased from the seed meal and mustard straw leachates under solarization. Responses in biomass varied across species and treatment. Biofumigation applied as ground seed meal may be a viable option for integrated weed management in rangelands, but field experimentation is necessary.
A property of the interleaving distance for sheaves
Authors: Petit François , Schapira Pierre , Waas Lukas 
Published: November 2024

AbstractLet be a real analytic manifold endowed with a distance satisfying suitable properties and let be a field. In [Petit and Schapira, Selecta Math. 29 (2023), no. 70, DOI 10.1007/s00029‐023‐00875‐6], the authors construct a pseudo‐distance on the derived category of sheaves of ‐modules on , generalizing a previous construction of [Kashiwara and Schapira, J. Appl. Comput. Math. Topol. 2 (2018), 83–113]. We prove here that if the distance between two constructible sheaves with compact support (or more generally, constructible sheaves up to infinity) on is zero, then these two sheaves are isomorphic, answering a question of [Kashiwara and Schapira, J. Appl. Comput. Math. Topol. 2 (2018), 83–113]. We also prove that our results imply a similar statement for finitely presentable persistence modules due to Lesnick.
Locally flat simple spheres in CP2$\mathbb {C}P^2$
Authors: Conway Anthony , Orson Patrick 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe fundamental group of the complement of a locally flat surface in a 4‐manifold is called the knot group of the surface. In this article, we prove that two locally flat 2‐spheres in with knot group are ambiently isotopic if they are homologous. This combines with work of Tristram and Lee–Wilczyński, as well as the classification of ‐surfaces, to complete a proof of the statement: a class is represented by a locally flat sphere with abelian knot group if and only if ; and this sphere is unique up to ambient isotopy.
Convex surfaces with prescribed induced metrics in anti‐de Sitter spacetimes
Authors: Chen Qiyu , Schlenker Jean‐Marc 
Published: November 2024

AbstractLet be a closed surface of genus at least 2, let be a smooth metric of curvature on , and let be a hyperbolic metric on . We show that there exists a unique quasifuchsian AdS spacetime with left metric isotopic to , containing a past‐convex Cauchy surface with induced metric isotopic to .
Fretting Dynamic Contact Analysis of Planetary Gear-Bearing Interference Fit Surface Considering Non-Uniform Interference
Authors: Fan Linfang , Xu Xiangyang , Zhao Zijin , Wu Yi , Xiang Lulu , Zhang Lang 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The planetary gear-bearing interference fit surface is prone to fretting slip under alternating torque, which can lead to fretting wear and fatigue failure. However, the current studies often ignore the influence of non-uniform interference on the stress and strain of the fit surface. In this paper, the force analysis of the planetary gear-bearing interference fit surface is carried out based on thick cylinders theory and planetary gear dynamics, and the fretting slip mechanism is explained in detail. Based on the assumption of plane stress, the equation for interference distribution in the circumferential direction of the fit surface is derived. On this basis, a three-dimensional fretting contact model considering non-uniform interference is established and solved by the conjugate gradient method (CGM). The results show that under the action of alternating torque, the fit surface interference is non-uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, which shows a trend of increasing first and then decreasing. The fretting slip distance decreases first and then increases in the circumferential direction, but the fretting slip curve considering non-uniform interference shows a slip distance of nil in the range where the interference value exceeds the initial value. The model in this paper is more in line with the actual situation, and can provide more accurate theoretical calculation for the planetary gear-bearing interference fit design.
Validity and Reliability of an Integrated Smartphone Measurement Approach for Balance
Authors: Prato Thomas A. , Lynall Robert C. , Howell David R. , Lugade Vipul 
Published: November 2024

Context: Clinical balance assessments vary in reliability due to subjectivity in their scoring. A valid and objective accelerometer-based smartphone evaluation could benefit patients, clinicians, and researchers. Objective: Our objective was to assess the validity and reliability of smartphone-based standing balance. Design: A repeated-measures study was conducted with 23 healthy young adult participants across 2 sessions ∼7 days apart. Methods: Participants completed 30-second standing trials during tandem-stance eyes-open, tandem-stance eyes-closed, single-leg eyes-open, and single-leg eyes-closed conditions. Android and iOS smartphones were placed vertically on the lower back via a belt with 3 retroreflective markers attached and tracked by an 8-camera motion capture system. Sway path, range, and area were calculated from smartphone accelerometer and marker data. We assessed reliability using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC[2,k]) and validity using Pearson r correlations between the marker and smartphones from visit 1. Results: Across eyes-open conditions, Android (ICC = .84–.96), iOS (ICC = .82–.98), and marker-based (ICC = .84–.95) assessments demonstrated good to excellent reliability. Across eyes-closed conditions, Android (ICC = .41–.87), iOS (ICC = .34–.79), and marker-based (ICC = .31–.87) assessments demonstrated poor to good reliability. Correlations between smartphones and the marker data were moderate to very high (r = .56–.97). Conclusions: The smartphone-based assessment was valid and reliable, indicating that clinicians and researchers can implement this method to measure balance with the opportunity for remote administration and increased patient tracking across various recovery timepoints.
Hidden allies: how extracellular vesicles drive biofilm formation, stress adaptation, and host–immune interactions in human fungal pathogens
Authors: Brandt Philipp , Singha Rima , Ene Iuliana V. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Pathogenic fungi pose a significant threat to human health, especially given the rising incidence of invasive fungal infections and the emergence of drug-resistant strains. This requires the development of vaccines and the advancement of antifungal strategies. Recent studies have focused on the roles of fungal extracellular vesicles (EVs) in intercellular communication and host-pathogen interactions. EVs are nanosized, lipid membrane-bound particles that facilitate the transfer of proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. Here, we review the multifaceted functions of EVs produced by different human fungal pathogens, highlighting their importance in the response of fungal cells to different environmental cues and their interactions with host immune cells. We summarize the current state of research on EVs and how leveraging this knowledge can lead to innovative approaches in vaccine development and antifungal treatment.
Genome sequences of recombinant
African swine fever virus
isolated from domestic pigs in Vietnam
Authors: Van Nguyen Diep , Thi Nguyen Ngoc , Van Nguyen Duc , Thi Bui Tham , Ngoc Tran Tiep 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

African swine fever is a highly contagious and devastating disease of pigs. Here, we present the draft genome assemblies of three Vietnamese
African
s
wine fever virus
(ASFV) isolates: rASF1/2-avac02, rASF1/2-avac03, and rASF1/2-avac07. All isolates were closely related to the Chinese recombinant ASFV strains of genotypes I and II.
Dispersal shapes compositional and functional diversity in aquatic microbial communities
Authors: Rain-Franco Angel , Le Moigne Alizée , Serra Moncadas Lucas , Silva Marisa O. D. , Andrei Adrian-Stefan , Pernthaler Jakob 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Segregation and mixing shape the structure and functioning of aquatic microbial communities, but their respective roles are challenging to disentangle in field studies. We explored the hypothesis that functional differences and beta diversity among stochastically assembled communities would increase in the absence of dispersal. Contrariwise, we expected biotic selection during homogenizing dispersal to reduce beta and gamma diversity as well as functional variability. This was experimentally addressed by examining the compositional and functional changes of 20 freshwater bacterial assemblages maintained at identical conditions over seven growth cycles for 34 days and subjected to two consecutive dispersal regimes. Initial dispersal limitation generated high beta diversity and led to the repeated emergence of community types that were dominated by particular taxa. Compositional stability and evenness of the community types varied over successive growth cycles, reflecting differences in functional properties. Carbon use efficiency increased during cultivation, with some communities of unique composition outperforming the replicate community types. Homogenizing dispersal led to high compositional similarity and reduced gamma diversity. While a neutral and a competition-based (Elo-rating) model together largely explained community assembly, a pseudomonad disproportionally dominated across communities, possibly due to interaction-related genomic traits. In conclusion, microbial assemblages stochastically generated by dispersal limitation can be gradually “refined” into distinct community types by subsequent deterministic processes. Segregation of communities represented an insurance mechanism for highly productive but competitively weak microbial taxa that were excluded during community coalescence.

IMPORTANCE
We experimentally assessed the compositional and functional responses of freshwater bacterial assemblages exposed to two consecutive dispersal-related events (dispersal limitation and homogenizing dispersal) under identical growth conditions. While segregation led to a decreased local diversity, high beta diversity sustained regional diversity and functional variability. In contrast, homogenizing dispersal reduced the species pool and functional variability of the metacommunity. Our findings highlight the role of dispersal in regulating both diversity and functional variability of aquatic microbial metacommunities, thereby providing crucial insight to predict changes in ecosystem functioning.