bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Feynman-Dyson propagators for neutral particles (locality or non-locality?)1
Authors: Dvoeglazov Valeriy V. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
An analog of the S = 1/2 Feynman-Dyson propagator is presented in the framework of the S = 1 Weinberg’s theory. The basis for this construction is the concept of the Weinberg field as a system of four field functions differing by parity and by dual transformations. Next, we analyze the recent controversy in the definitions of the Feynman-Dyson propagator for the field operator containing the S = 1/2 self/anti-self charge conjugate states in the papers by D. Ahluwalia et al. and by W. Rodrigues Jr. et al. The solution of this mathematical controversy is obvious. It is related to the necessary doubling of the Fock Space (as in the Barut and Ziino works), thus extending the corresponding Clifford Algebra. However, the logical interrelations of different mathematical foundations with the physical interpretations are not so obvious. Physics should choose only one correct formalism - it is not clear, why two correct mathematical formalisms (which are based on the same postulates) lead to different physical results?
Quantum-entangled superluminal double-helix photon produces a relativistic superluminal quantum-vortex zitterbewegung electron and positron
Authors: Gauthier Richard 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Two quantum-entangled spin-½ half-photons compose a double-helix photon model. The photon model is composed of a pair of superluminal helically-moving opposite electric charges of magnitude Q = e sqrt(2/alpha) = 16.6 e where alpha is the fine structure constant. During electron-positron pair production these charged half-photons curl up their single-helical trajectories to form geometrically-compatible relativistic zitterbewegung-frequency superluminal quantum-vortex electron and positron models. The superluminal charged energy quantum composing the resting electron and positron models moves on the surface of a mathematical horn torus.
A means for liquid water to retain information
Authors: Hankey Alex 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The possibility of information storage in chemically pure water is controversial. Storage of digital information is impossible because hydrogen bonds constantly rearrange themselves; specific protons are not stably coupled to specific oxygen atoms. If information is to be stored, its retention must be by other means. Nevertheless, some scientists have contended that information retention in water is not inconceivable, suggesting that water’s microstructure may be involved. The purpose of this paper is to show how these make it possible for water to retain information of a kind different from any previously conceived. Two kinds of entropy can be defined in water, classical due to heat, and quantum attributable to microstates. The method adopted is to compare the two, and to show that the first produces limitations on the second. The number of polymolecules is so vast that the quantum entropy might exceed the heat entropy. Since the classical, heat entropy cannot be exceeded, the number of polymolecules accessible at a given temperature, T, is restricted, yielding a new form of information, I
R(T). The new form of information is entirely different from the four kinds previously known: Fisher Information in Statistics, Digital Information used in IT, Quantum Information, and Experience Information in biological systems at criticality. The new kind of information retained in water is analogous to Fisher Information in that it arises from restriction on the range of a variable, i.e. attributable to limitations on a statistical variable’s values. We therefore propose to name it, ‘Quantum Fisher Information’. Like the process of homoeopathic dilution, which has a limiting temperature around 70° C, Quantum Fisher Information is predicted to have a limiting temperature, T
L. This qualitative agreement is encouraging. Prediction of T
L requires calculating exact numbers of polymolecules. Information retention in water arises from the structure of quantum entropy, and the vast number of possible water polymolecules. Containing both classical and quantum components, the new information is analogous to Fisher Information in statistics.
On the extended Stochastic Electrodynamics Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics
Authors: Kracklauer A. F. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
An extended version of Stochastic Electrodynamics (SED) which provides an interpretation of Quantum Mechanics free of its preternatural aspects is reviewed briefly. In addition, recent simulations of the hydrogen ground state based on SED which have been inconclusive are criticized for having employed only a restricted understating of the physical consequences of the hypothetical underpinning of SED.
Overview of theoretical considerations and problems related to the putative existence of repulsive gravitation, charge-mass repulsive force and unification
Authors: Lo C. Y. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
We use a torsion balance scale to measure the attraction between two large lead balls and two smaller brass balls, connected with an up-side down T bar that is hung with a string. The vertical part of the T bar is attached with a mirror that reflects a laser beam to provide a light spot that shows how much the T bar has turned. It is observed that the gravitational forces between the lead balls and the brass balls are reduced when the temperature of the lead balls increased. Thus, this experiment shows clearly the existence of a repulsive gravitational force that increases as the temperature of the lead balls increase. This supports that the charge-mass interaction is the reason that the theories of Galileo, Newton, and Einstein failed to explain the Anomaly of the Space-Probes and flybys, and the fact that not all the neutral subjects necessarily fall with the same acceleration. In other words, the Newtonian law of gravitation is only approximately valid. Thus, the attempts such as J. Luo (罗俊)’s to obtain an accurate gravitational coupling constant with just improved skill are futile. The physical picture of Galileo, Newton, and Einstein on gravitation needs extension beyond the Standard Model (SM).
Self-organized computational rewrite language L predicating an optimal thermodynamic cosmic birth-order automorphic evolution of intelligent life, and consciousness, as nature’s IT
Authors: Marcer Peter J. , Rowlands Peter , Schempp Walter 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This autonomous self-governed explanation of the cosmological thermodynamics of entirely novel states of matter (as in a renormalization group approach) includes the currently accepted fundamentals of physics, chemical valence, the periodic table and the basic neuroscience architecture/Nature’s IT of the sentient evolution of intelligent life; with notably, the DNA/RNA molecular biology of the genetic code, Standard Model elementary particle quantum physics, non-standard mathematical analysis and consciousness. Automorphic representations demonstrably have a’rest of the universe’ phenomenology which features: the zitterbewegung; the U1 unitary geometry of Standard model/chemical valence Lamb shift; the Aharonov-Bohm and Casimir effects; the single RNA and double DNA helices of biomolecular chemistry; the neuron/glial/microtubule//brain/mind/self. This anticipates the rewrite computation both of Turing and of L itself, in addition to mathematical analysis, natural semantic language capabilities and consciousness, as all inherent in the human genome/self, creating a new starting point for more of Nature’s IT wonders to come.
Towards an exact solution of FRW type of spacetime with a generalised Chaplygin gas - an alternative approach
Authors: Panigrahi D 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The evolution of a universe modelled by a generalised Chaplygin gas with an equation of state

p
=
−

A

ρ
α

is studied for a Robertson Walker type of spacetime. The resulting field equations are highly non linear in the scale factor which is a key equation of this work. Using this equation previous authors have explained dust dominated and accelerating universe at the two extreme cases. But to our knowledge we have not as yet come across any explicit solution of scale factor as function of time. To avoid such incompleteness, we have taken the first order approximation of the key equation and subsequently have found out the time explicit exact solutions of scale factor. This solution approaches ACDM model for large scale factor and the desirable feature of acceleration flip occurs in this case. We have also made a detailed analysis of flip time both analytically and graphically. Further the whole situation is studied in the backdrop of wellknown Raychaudhury equation and a comparison made with the previous results.
The ontological basis of quantum theory, nonlocality and local realism
Authors: Rauscher E A , Hurtak J J , Hurtak D E 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
In considering models of reality we must consider the fundamental nature of quantum mechanics, which has had great success in describing the spectrum of light from distant stars and galaxies, formulating the properties of the strong, electro-weak or electromagnetic and weak decay forces, and explaining atomic order formulated as the atomic periodic table and atomic spectra. A vast array of technologies has resulted from quantum theory, from semiconductors to NMR machines, nuclear reactors and possibly encryption secured, fast quantum computers. Quantum theory, however, has yet to fully engage with the gravitational force. With the advent of quantum theory, several major issues stand out, leaving us with major philosophical questions on the nature of physics and reality, and our ability to comprehend them. The issues involve the interpretation of quantum measurement, the Heisenberg uncertainty principle on the completeness of quantum theory and nonlocality. The frontiers of science continue to open new concepts based on a multidimensional reality which we use to address these issues, including solving the Schrödinger and Dirac equations in complex Minkowski eight space. We also formulate Bell’s theorem and the Young’s double slit experiment in Rauscher’s complex eight-space. We formulate an interpretation of the quantum that yields locality in a hyper-dimensional complex space and that maintains the completeness of quantum theory and nonlocality in usual four space, with local connectivity and the Lorentz invariant conditions, where subluminal and luminal signaling are maintained. Are we really forced to choose between two alternate views of reality? One view that external reality exists independent of the observer, and the other that the observer somehow is a participator or an integral part of all of nature. Must we choose between these or is there another way out? We find our way out and we satisfy both Bohr (Copenhagen) and Einstein (determinism) in bringing about a practical outcome of the debate. By developing and applying complex eight space, we can accommodate locality or local realism in terms of contiguous event connections in complex eight space. In four space, nonlocality dominates and also can be considered locality in eight space. The determination of the state of a system naturally collapses to its final state where quantum mechanics is functioning completely in four and in eight dimensional spaces.
Extended space model is consistent with the photon dynamics in the gravitational field
Authors: Tsipenyuk D. Yu. , Belayev W. B. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Extended space model (ESM) is a generalization of the special theory of relativity at a 5-dimensional space, and more specifically at (1 + 4) - dimensional space. Rotations in extended space correspond to the motion of a particle in gravity field in the embedded four-dimensional space-time. The possibility of a transition from the components of the 5-momentum of a particle in extended flat space to the components of a 4-momentum in an arbitrary4-dimensional space by means of rotations is considered. Variational principle of the stationary energy integral of photon allows us to determine its dynamics. We consider variation of energy of the light-like particle in the pseudo-Riemann space-time, find Lagrangian, canonical momenta and forces. We study how (TS)-rotation in ESM agrees with photon dynamics in the Schwarzschild field. Equations of the critical curve are obtained by the nonzero energy integral variation in accordance with principles of the calculus of variations in mechanics. This method is compared with the Fermat’s principle for the stationary gravity field and geodesics principle. Energy and momentum of the particle transferred to the gravity field is defined. The produced equations are solved for the metrics of Schwarzschild and Gödel. The gravitation mass of the photon is found in central gravity field in the Newtonian limit.
Application of nickel nanopowders of different morphology for the synthesis of highly porous materials by powder metallurgy
Authors: Zelensky V A , Ankudinov A B , Alymov M I , Rubtsov N M , Tregubova I V 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIn this work, we studied the morphology of nickel nanopowders synthesized in various ways: by chemical-metallurgical method, by decomposition of nickel formate and by electroexplosive technology. A comparative analysis of the characteristics of these nanopowders has been carried out. A sample carrier was made from the powder synthesized by electroexplosive technology. A porous material with a gradient structure was created by modifying the pore surface of a sample carrier with catalytically active centers of copper oxide.
DOZ047.04: Upper gastrointestinal microbiome in esophageal atresia
Authors: Krishnan U , Singh H , Kaakoush N 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Background
Esophageal atresia (EA) is a rare defect, resulting in the condition being understudied. Specifically, information on the upper gastrointestinal (GI) microbiome of EA patients is lacking.

Aims
This study aimed to examine the composition of the upper GI (oral, esophageal, and gastric fluid) microbiomes of EA patients as compared to controls.

Methods
A pediatric cohort was prospectively recruited at Sydney Children's Hospital in 2018, and comprised children with a history of EA and those without EA. The groups were subdivided into children with GERD, eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE), and those with no disease. Biopsies, saliva, blood, and both tracheal and gastric aspirates were collected. Histology was reviewed for changes related to reflux and peak eosinophil count in subjects with EoE. Ethics approval has been granted and informed consent obtained from all patients and/or their guardians. The bacterial component (16S rRNA gene) of the microbiome was amplified using the 515F–806R primers and sequenced with Illumina MiSeq 2 × 250 bp chemistry. Reads were analyzed using mothur and R.

Results
Within the cohort (n = 47), 29 (61.7%) had EA and 18 (39.3%) were non-EA patients. The mean age of the whole cohort was 8.36 years (SD 5.05) and 24 (44%) were male. Non-EA patients were having endoscopic assessment of GERD, EoE, suspected celiac or inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Active GERD, defined as histological changes on biopsy, an abnormal acid reflux index, or retrograde bolus movement on pH/impedance testing, was present in 11 (23.4%; 5 with EA) children. The mean eosinophil count in patients with EoE was 11.1 (SD 14.74) in the EA cohort and 15.9 (SD 21) in the non-EA cohort. Proton pump inhibitors were used by 29 (61.7%; 16 with EA). EoE was present in 18 (44.4%; 8 with EA). Swallowed steroids were used in 13 (27.6%) patients with EoE. Microbiome changes were observed in patients with EA as compared to controls.

Conclusions
This study is the first to examine the upper GI microbiome of children with EA. Changes in the upper GI microbiomes of children with EA require validation in larger cohorts.
DOZ047.106: Internal stents and external splints for complex airway obstruction
Authors: Kamran A , Maschietto N , Baird C W , Jennings R W 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Background
Life-threatening airway obstruction due to severe tracheobronchial stenosis or tracheobronchomalacia not amenable to tracheobronchopexy or resection is still a challenge, and warrants aggressive innovative strategies. In this study, our experience with placement of balloon-expandable stents and/or external bioabsorbable splints in children with severe tracheobronchial obstruction was reviewed.

Methods
All patients with symptomatic severe airway obstruction who underwent interaluminal stent and/or external splint placement (1997–2019) were retrospectively reviewed. The data collected included age, type of obstruction (stenosis or malacia), associated malformations, technical and clinical success, complications, and outcomes. Airway stents were placed under fluoroscopic guidance. Bioabsorbable splints (RapidSorb, Synthes CMF) were custom molded and then secured externally on the collapsing areas under simultaneous bronchoscopic and direct visualization.

Results
Seventeen patients underwent 14 airway stents (trachea = 5, bronchi = 9) and/or 11 external bioabsorbable splints (trachea = 5, bronchi = 6) at a median age of 5 months (IQR 3–9 months). Fourteen stents were placed in 8 patients, 10 external splints in 8 patients; one patient had two stents and one splint. Indications for stenting were stenotic airways in 11 patients (postoperative = 7, congenital = 4) and severe distal airway malacia in 3. All the external bioabsorbable splints were placed in patients with severe airway malacia secondary to lack of cartilaginous support and/or extrinsic compression. During follow-up 3/9 stented patients and 3/9 splinted patients did not experience any significant adverse events. Six of nine stented patients experienced serious adverse events: significant in-stent stenosis (n = 3), stent migration, and obstructive granulation tissue (n = 1), erosion through airway wall (n = 1), and death (n = 2). Of the nine splinted patients, one bronchial splint fractured, requiring replacement, and five patients required tracheostomies for continued respiratory failure from unilateral pulmonary hypoplasia and residual distal tracheal stenosis (n = 1), severe tracheomalacia (n = 2), subglottic stenosis (n = 1), and laryngeal cleft (n = 1). One patient died a week after surgery.

Conclusion
Airway internal stenting and external bioabsorbable splinting are effective therapeutic strategies for selected patients with complex airway abnormalities. Bioabsorbable splints are effective in maintaining airway patency, and being absorbable allow for age-proportional growth of the airways. Airway stents can be associated with significant adverse events and therefore should be reserved for patients who have failed other therapeutical strategies.
DOZ047.112: Myocardial strain in vascular anomalies with severe tracheomalacia: preliminary results
Authors: Massolo A C , Savignoni F , Monaco F , Giliberti P , Campanale M , Toscano A , Pasquini L , Dotta A , Bagolan P , Braguglia A 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Background
Vascular anomalies (VA) may cause severe tracheomalacia in some cases. Chronic upper airway obstruction (UAO) is the most common symptom. Increased pulmonary pressure and cardiac dysfunction have been described in patients with chronic UAO, but not in infants with VA.

Aim
The aim of this study was to evaluate myocardial strain in infants with VA.

Method
Demographics characteristics, respiratory symptoms, and the percentage of tracheal obstruction measured on CT were collected. Left and right ventricle (LV, RV) systolic function were measured with speckle tracking longitudinal strain (LS) analysis. Pulmonary artery pressure was evaluated on tricuspid regurgitation (TR) jet and quantified by end-systolic eccentricity index (EI).

Conclusion
Of 15 cases, 6 had tracheal obstruction < 50%, 9 > 50%. LS LV and RV was significantly reduced in cases with obstruction > 50% compared to those with < 50% (LV −15.9% vs −19.9%; RV −15.7% vs −20.5%, respectively) and respiratory symptoms were significantly more pronounced in cases with obstruction > 50%. There are no significant data for TR and EI.

Results
In cases with VA with severe tracheomalacia RV and LV myocardial strain is reduced, suggesting myocardial impairment. Further studies with larger sample size are needed to confirm these data and investigate cardiac function. Association with lung function test may be investigated too.
DOZ047.116: Reducing complications for tracheostomy patients
Authors: Valika T , Thompson D M , Ida J 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Objective
The objective of this study was to review the utilization of a standardized tracheostomy handoff sheet to reduce tracheostomy-related complications.

Methods
A retrospective chart review was carried out of patients who underwent tracheostomy and had a dedicated tracheostomy handoff sheet utilized in the postoperative period. The handoff sheet contains trach size, backup trach size, airway findings, suction depth, location of maturation suture, location of stay sutures, and photograph of the wound bed on postoperative day 0. An anonymous survey of healthcare providers participating in the patient's care was undertaken regarding the utility of the dedicated trach handoff sheet.

Results
There were a total of 18 completed questionnaires. The majority of respondents felt the trach handoff sheet was helpful and provided vital information (4.61, scale 1–5). Hundred percent of respondents referenced the handoff sheet at some point during the hospital stay; 83% of respondents (15/18) felt the handoff sheet was more productive than a verbal handoff and 67% of respondents (12/18) preferred the sheet be available bedside rather than a digital format for reference in the electronic medical record. 89% of respondents (16/18) utilized the handoff sheet for wound care.

Conclusion
There are numerous aspects to proper tracheostomy care. From the immediate postoperative time period to several years out, proper care can make the difference for quality of life, respiratory standpoint, and airway safety. With a daily nursing handoff that at times can become redundant, utilization of a standardized tracheostomy handoff can lead to improve outcomes. These handoff sheets provide information deemed essential to optimal patient care and are always available bedside for review. Standardization and utilization of these tracheostomy sheets have led to decreased airway complications in emergency situations, reduced wound breakdown, and increased safety and efficiency in handoffs.