bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) gene polymorphism with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Chinese Korean ethnicity population
Authors: Zhou Kui-Chen , Liu Hong-Wei , Wang Chen , Fu Yan-Jun , Jin Feng 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Presently, data on the type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Chinese Korean ethnicity are very scarce. This study aimed to explore the relationship between the transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) and T2DM in Chinese Korean ethnicity population. This case-control study involved 43 T2DM Chinese Korean ethnicity patients (T2DM group) and 43 healthy Chinese Korean ethnicity normoglycemic subjects as controls (Control group). All included participants aged from 40 to 75 years old. Clinical and biological data were collected to determine the phenotypic traits. The restriction fragment length polymorphism-polymerase chain reaction was used to analyze the TCF7L2 by genotyping for rs7903146 (C/T). Spectrophotometer with Chronolab kits was used to conduct the biochemical analyses. TCF7L2 was associated with T2DM in the Chinese Korean ethnicity population (P < .01 for alleles, and P < .05 for genotypes). Significant differences were found 2 groups regarding the T allele (37.2% T2DM patients vs 15.1% healthy subjects, P < .01), and G allele (62.8% T2DM patients vs 84.9% healthy subjects, P < .01). The risk genotypes were GG (83.7% T2DM patients, vs 44.2% healthy control, P < .01), GT (4.7% T2DM patients, vs 20.9% healthy control, P = .04), and TT (11.6% T2DM patients, vs 34.9% healthy control, P = .01). The results of this study demonstrated that TCF7L2 is associated with T2DM in the Chinese Korean ethnicity population, which is an important risk factor for T2DM in this population.
Cyclophosphamide for the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Zhao Yue-rong , Song Hong-mei , Ni Lei 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Background:
Previous clinical trials have reported that cyclophosphamide can be used for the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). However, its efficacy is still unclear. In this systematic review study, we aim to evaluate its efficacy and safety for ALL.

Methods:
The following 9 databases will be searched from their inception to the present: Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), EMBASE, MEDLINE, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Allied and Complementary Medicine Database (AMED), and four Chinese databases. The randomized controlled trials or case control studies of cyclophosphamide that assess the clinical efficacy and safety in patients with ALL are included. The methodological quality of all eligible included studies will be assessed by the Cochrane risk of bias tool.
The primary outcome measurement will be all-cause mortality at the period of treatment and follow-up. The secondary outcome measurements will include the health-related quality of life (HRQL), postinduction complete remission (CR) rate, event-free survival (EFS), relapse rate, and adverse events. Two authors will independently select eligible studies, exact data, and assess the methodological quality of included studies. RevMan 5.3 software will be used to synthesize the data. Reporting bias will be evaluated by the funnel plots, Begg, and Egger tests.

Results:
This systematic review will evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of cyclophosphamide for ALL.

Dissemination and ethics:
The findings of this review will summarize the present evidence of cyclophosphamide for ALL, and may provide guidance for clinical practice of cyclophosphamide for ALL. Its results will be published through peer-reviewed journals. This study does not need ethic approval, because it will not involve the individual data.

Systematic review registration:
PROSPERO CRD42018119333.
How international are the editorial boards of leading spine journals? A STROBE-compliant study
Authors: Xu Bin , Meng Hongyu , Qin Shiji , Liu Yueju , Li Zhiyong , Cao Junming , Lin Yongsheng , Zhang Yingze , Wang Zhihong 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Low- and middle-income countries contribute to only a small percentage of publications in multiple medical fields. Editorial bias was reported to be an important reason for this. However, whether this trend exists in leading spine journals remains unclear. This study determined the composition of the editorial boards of leading spine journals and analyzed the international representation of editorial boards.
The editorial board members of four leading subspecialty spine journals, including The Spine Journal, Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine, European Spine Journal, and Spine were identified from the journals’ websites. The countries of editorial board members were identified and analyzed according to the continent and country income categories classified by the World Bank.
A total of 608 editorial board members were identified from the four leading spine journals. The majority (91.4%) of editorial board members were from high-income countries, followed by upper-middle income countries (7.2%), and lower-middle income countries (1.3%). No editorial board members were from low-income countries. Regarding the continent of residence, 46.5% of the editorial board members were from North America, followed by Europe (38.5%), Asia (9.9%), South America (2.8%), Oceania (1.6%), and Africa (0.7%). The editorial board members came from 40 different countries, which were concentrated in North America, Western Europe, and East Asia. The largest number of editorial board members came from the United States (42.3%), followed by Germany (6.9%), the United Kingdom (6.7%), Switzerland (5.8%), and Italy (5.1%).
A lack of international representation on editorial boards exists in leading spine journals. Editorial board members from high-income countries are substantially overrepresented, while editorial board members from low- and middle-income countries are severely underrepresented. The United States is the most represented country on the editorial boards of leading spine journals.
Pharyngeal hairy polyps
Authors: Teng Yishu , Xian Zhixiong , Han Saihong , Liang Zhenjiang , Pan Hongguang , Li Lan 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
It was aimed to report 5 cases of pharyngeal hairy polyps, and to summarize the characteristics combined with literature review.
Five cases with pathological diagnosis of pharyngeal hair polyps were diagnosed and treated in our department from June, 2006 to October, 2016, and retrospective analysis of their clinical data was performed. Among the 5 cases, there were 1 male and 4 female, with the age of 2 days to 26 months old. After birth, these patients were accompanied by stridor, difficulty breathing, snoring, feeding difficulties, and slow weight gain.
Gray mass in the stem original from the pharynx was found in all 5 cases, with the surface hair-covering. The polyp resections were performed under general anesthesia, with the complete removal of polyp along the pars basilaris during surgery smoothly. The operation during was 5 to 20 minute, with an average of 12 minute, and there was little hemorrhage during operation. Symptoms disappeared completely after the surgery, and follow-up was performed for 1 year without recurrence shown.
Pharyngeal hairy polyp is a rare non-malignant clinical disease, mainly caused by symptoms in respiratory tract obstruction. Complete removal of polyps along the pars basilaris is an effective treatment, with no recurrence case reported after surgery.
Solitary renal metastasis from squamous cell carcinoma of the lung
Authors: Wang Jiantao , Wang Li , Long Lang , Tao Qing , Xu Feng , Luo Feng 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Non-small cell cancer with isolated unilateral renal metastasis is rare, and the role of radical nephrectomy has not been determined. In the present study, a case of a patient with solitary kidney metastasis from squamous cell lung cancer who underwent radical nephrectomy is reported.

Patient concerns:
A 74-year-old patient diagnosed with pulmonary squamous cell lung cancer who had undergone radical pulmonary lobectomy and mediastinal lymph node dissection revealed a solitary mass in the right kidney during the follow-up.

Diagnoses:
Unilateral isolated kidney metastasis originated from squamous cell lung cancer.

Interventions:
The patient underwent radical right nephrectomy and squamous cell cancer metastasis was confirmed by the postoperative pathology results.

Outcome:
Lung cancer relapse was diagnosed and the patient died of cancer progression 10 months after the right nephrectomy.

Lessons:
Solitary renal metastasis is rare and squamous cell lung cancer might be the primary disease. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) is important in detecting solitary kidney metastasis during the follow up of patients with squamous cell lung cancer. Due to the rareness of isolated renal metastasis, the role of radical nephrectomy needs to be further investigated.
Long-term survival of an elderly female with metastatic colon cancer after treated with capecitabine monotherapy
Authors: Liu Jin , Wang Yao , Jiang Haiping , Yu Xiongfei , Xu Nong 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers all over the world, and approximately 70% of the newly diagnosed patients are over 65 years old. Due to the aging of society, there will be more and more elderly patients of CRC in the future. Treatment of CRC in elderly patients is much more challenging thanks to multiple factors including disabling comorbidities as well as declines in organs function, especially in advanced or metastatic settings.

Patient concerns:
An 82-year-old female without history of disease was admitted to the emergency room because of abdominal pain in December 2009. A computed tomography (CT) scan of the abdomen was performed immediately, which revealed bowel obstruction.

Diagnoses:
The histopathological examination of the resected specimen confirmed well-to-moderately differentiated colonic adenocarcinoma with a stage of IIIB (T3N1M0) based on the NCCN tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) classification system.

Interventions:
The patient underwent emergency surgery and rejected adjuvant chemotherapy, but was diagnosed with multiple liver metastases 3 months later. Then she received capecitabine monotherapy as first-line treatment.

Outcomes:
The efficacy achieved complete response (CR) when 8 cycles were completed and the agent was continued as maintenance treatment until totally 16 cycles were completed. Up to the latest follow-up, the disease remained CR and the progression-free survival (PFS) has achieved approximately 87 months. She is still alive and has good quality of life.

Lessons:
Capecitabine monotherapy may be an effective treatment in advanced or metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) for elderly patients.
Intramuscular hemangioma within the biceps brachii causing the limitations of elbow extension and forearm pronation
Authors: Liu Yang , Li Ruijun , Liu Zhigang , Wang Shuang , Lu Laijin 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Intramuscular hemangiomas are rare benign vascular neoplasms, merely accounting for 0.8% of all hemangiomas. Moreover, there are few case reports of intramuscular hemangiomas in the upper extremities.

Patient concerns:
A 24-year-old male patient presented with a 5-year history of intermittent pain of the right elbow joint. He had observed a swelling of the right cubital fossa over the past 2 years, leading to the limitations of elbow extension and forearm pronation.

Diagnosis:
The patient was diagnosed with intramuscular hemangioma of the biceps brachii.

Interventions:
Surgical excision of the tumor was performed for this patient and postoperative early functional exercises were permitted.

Outcomes:
The movements of the right elbow and forearm reached the normal range of motion at 5 weeks after surgery. There was no evidence of recurrence during the 5-month follow-up.

Lessons:
Optimal management of intramuscular hemangioma is critical, including precise evaluation, good microsurgical technique and early functional exercises, which may result in a satisfying outcome.
Early detection of Y chromosome microdeletions in infertile men is helpful to guide clinical reproductive treatments in southwest of China
Authors: Liu Ting , Song Yu-Xin , Jiang Yong-Mei 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The microdeletions of azoospermia factor (AZF) genes in Y chromosome are greatly associated with male infertility, which is also known as the second major genetic cause of spermatogenetic failure. Accumulating studies demonstrate that the different type of AZF microdeletions in patients reflect different clinical manifestations. Therefore, a better understanding of Y chromosome microdeletions might have broad implication for men health. In this study, we sought to determine the frequency and the character of different Y chromosome microdeletion types in infertile men in southwest of China.
In total, 1274 patients with azoospermia and oligozoospermia were recruited in southwest of China and screening for Y chromosome microdeletions in AZF regions by multiplex polymerase chain reaction.
The incidence of AZF microdeletions in southwest of China is 12.87%, which is higher than the national average. Further investigations unveiled that azoospermia factor c (AZFc) is the most frequent type of all the AZF microdeletions. Additionally, the number and also the quality of sperm in patients with AZFc microdeletion is decreasing with the age. Therefore, it is conceivable that the early testing for Y chromosome microdeletions in infertile men is crucial for fertility guidance.
The early detection of Y chromosome microdeletions in infertile men can not only clearly explain the etiology of oligzoospermia and azoospermia, but also help for the clinical management of both infertile man and his future male offspring.
Intramedullary bronchogenic cyst in the foramen magnum region accompanied with syringomyelia
Authors: Chen Fan , Marx Sascha , Zhang Chaochao , Cao Junguo , Yu Ying , Chen Dawei 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Bronchogenic cysts refer to congenital anomalies derived from the primitive foregut. Spinal bronchogenic cysts are uncommon entities, and those occurring in the intramedullary sites are extremely rare. Bronchogenic cysts involving the foramen magnum region have only been described in 2 cases; however, intramedullary bronchogenic cysts with syringomyelia have not yet been reported.

Patient concerns:
A 46-year-old woman presented with a 6-month history of pain in the posterior neck region and a 1-month history of numbness in the upper extremities. Neurological examination revealed a loss of sensation in bilateral upper extremities and sensory dissociation. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed an intramedullary cystic lesion in the foramen magnum region and syringomyelia.

Diagnosis:
Histopathological findings were consistent with a bronchogenic cyst.

Interventions and outcomes:
A surgical resection of the cystic lesion was performed via a posterior midline approach. Under neurophysiological monitoring, the cyst was punctured, yielding gelatinous liquid. The dorsal part of the cystic wall was removed. One month postoperatively, the symptoms were resolved completely. Three months after operation, MRI showed no recurrence of the cyst and the syringomyelia disappeared.

Lessons:
Intramedullary bronchogenic cysts with syringomyelia are extremely rare. Preoperative identification is challenging and definitive diagnosis depends on histopathological evidence. Timely surgical resection should be highlighted.
Enhanced functional connectivity of the default mode network (DMN) in patients with spleen deficiency syndrome
Authors: Ning Yan-zhe , Wu Feng-zhi , Xue Song , Yin Dong-qing , Zhu Hong , Liu Jia , Jia Hong-xiao 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Numerous studies had investigated the biological basis of spleen deficiency syndrome on gastrointestinal dysfunctions. However, little was known about neuropsychological mechanism of spleen deficiency syndrome. The default model network (DMN) plays an important role in cognitive processing. Our aim is to investigate the change of neuropsychological tests and DMN in patients with spleen deficiency syndrome.
Sixteen patients and 12 healthy subjects underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging examination, and 15 patients with spleen deficiency syndrome and 6 healthy subjects take part in the two neuropsychological tests.
Compared with healthy subjects, patients with spleen deficiency syndrome revealed significantly increased functional connectivity within DMN, and significantly higher in the scores of 2-FT (P = .002) and 3-FT (P = .014).
Our findings suggest that patients with spleen deficiency syndrome are associated with abnormal functional connectivity of DMN and part of neuropsychological tests, which provide new evidence in neuroimaging to support the notion of TCM that the spleen stores Yi and domains thoughts.
Spore powder of Ganoderma lucidum for Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Qin Li-Hong , Wang Chen , Qin Li-Wei , Liang Yan-Feng , Wang Guo-Hui 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Background:
Previous studies have reported that spore powder of Ganoderma lucidum (SPGL) may be effective for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, its efficacy is still inconclusive. Thus, this systematic review will aim to assess its efficacy and safety for AD.

Methods:
We will search the electronic databases of Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, EMBASE, MEDILINE, the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Allied and Complementary Medicine Database, and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database to assess the efficacy and safety of SPGL for patients with AD from their inceptions to the present. All case–control studies and randomized controlled trials will be considered for inclusion in this study. Two review authors will independently perform the study selection, data extraction, and risk of bias evaluation.

Results:
The primary outcome includes the cognitive status for patients. The secondary outcomes consist of the quality of life, AD symptoms, and adverse events.

Conclusions:
This systematic review will present the existing evidence for the efficacy and safety of SPGL for treating patients with AD.

Dissemination and ethics:
The results of this systematic review will be disseminated by through peer-reviewed journals. It does not needs ethic approval, because it does not involve individual patient data.

Systematic review registration:
PROSPERO CRD42019119426.
Factors related to the size of venous leg ulcers
Authors: Liu Xiaochun , Zheng Guofu , Ye Bo , Chen Weiqing , Xie Hailiang , Zhang Teng 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Venous leg ulcers (VLUs) are an important health problem, and the size of ulcers often affects patient care, healing time, and quality of life. However, the risk factors associated with ulcer size have been rarely reported. The aim of this study was to establish the risk factors for the size of venous ulceration by analyzing the patient demographics and the results of duplex ultrasonography.
This study was an in-patient population-based cross-sectional study conducted at a single center during the period from 2013 to 2017. Men and women aged >18 years, who consecutively presented to our hospital with VLU, were included. According to the size of the ulcer, patients were divided into two groups, those with ulcers≤2 cm and those with ulcers >2 cm. Demographic, anthropometric, and clinical data were collected. For the analysis, univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used.
A total of 232 patients with VLUs were admitted to our hospital from 2013 to 2017, including 117 patients (50.4%) with ulcer diameters ≤2 cm and 115 patients (49.6%) with ulcer diameters >2 cm. According to the results of the multivariate analysis, the ulcer duration (P = .001), the diameter of perforating veins (PVs) around the ulcers (P = .025), the reflux time of common femoral veins (CFVs) (P = .013), the reflux time of great saphenous veins (GSVs) (P = .021), and the reflux time of PVs around the ulcers (P = .001) were independent risk factors for VLUs.
These findings provide evidence that the size of VLU was significantly related to the ulcer duration, the diameter of PV around the ulcers, the CFV reflux time, the GSV reflux time, and the PV reflux time.
See-Hear-Feel-Speak
Authors: Samet Daniel , Luterman Sara 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The presentation of children and adolescents with autism in the emergency department (ED) poses a unique set of challenges to clinicians and their teams, which have not yet been met. Children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are more likely than their age and ethnically matched counterparts to visit both pediatric and general EDs and are more likely to use it for primary care complaints and dental care and to present for psychiatric concerns including suicidality. Despite the higher relative frequency, individuals with ASD demonstrate lower patient satisfaction, lower healthcare self-efficacy, and higher odds of unmet healthcare needs related to physical health, mental health, health maintenance, and vaccination. This can be ameliorated by simple strategies regarding communication, sensory and environmental modification, and distraction. After performing a literature review of existing evidence-based recommendations via PubMed as well as resources from autism advocacy and self-advocacy groups, we compiled a 4-step system: “See-Hear-Feel-Speak” an approach conducive to learning with the goal of enabling clinicians and their teams to facilitate patient-centered encounters with pediatric patients with ASD. The protocol meets the practicality requirements defined by published research.
A New Therapeutic Group To Help Women With Borderline Personality Disorder and Their Infants
Authors: Sved Williams Anne E. , Yelland Chris , Hollamby Sharron , Wigley Maria , Aylward Paul 
Published: January 2019

Objectives:
Few treatments have been described to treat the population of women with borderline personality structure who present in a dysregulated state with their infants. Therefore, a new treatment program was developed for this target group.

Methods:
A total of 45 women, who were identified clinically as meeting full or partial diagnostic criteria for borderline personality disorder (BPD) and having an infant younger than 3 years of age, were offered entry with their infant(s) into specialized dialectical behavior therapy groups, adapted to focus on parenting and the mother-infant relationship. Outcomes measured included maternal mood and anxiety, BPD functioning, parenting sense of competence, parental reflective functioning, and caregiver-infant interaction (CARE Index). Infants received high-quality child care while mothers attended each group, with dyadic reunions a further therapeutic focus each week.

Results:
A total of 29 women who met clinical or self-report measures for BPD and were offered group therapy began the program, 21 (72%) of whom completed the 24-week group program, with complete premeasures and postmeasures available for 20 dyads. Of the 20 women, 15 met full diagnostic criteria for BPD and 5 met partial criteria. Significant improvements were noted in maternal mood, with positive changes on 2 subscales of the Parental Reflective Function Questionnaire (prementalizing and increased curiosity in mental states); significant reductions in anxiety and BPD symptomatology were also observed. Only a medium effect size was found for parenting sense of competence, and in smaller numbers of participants as this scale was introduced later. It should particularly be noted that 15 dyads showed substantial change on the CARE Index, indicating improvement in dyadic relationships.

Conclusions:
This innovative adaptation of mother-infant dialectical behavior therapy showed promising improvements in maternal BPD symptoms and caregiver-infant relationships. Given that the feasibility and safety of this method have been demonstrated, a more methodologically rigorous trial with further refinements appears warranted to help this troubled cohort of patients.