bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Breakdown curves of CH2(+), CH3(+), and CH4(+) molecules
Authors: IdBarkach T. , Chabot M. , Béroff K. , Della Negra S. , Lesrel J. , Geslin F. , Le Padellec A. , Mahajan T. , Díaz-Tendero S. 
Published: July 2019

Aims. The aim of this work is to furnish branching ratios (BRs) to the kinetic databases used in astrochemistry such as the KInetic Database for Astrochemistry (KIDA). This concerns CHy(+) species (y = 2–4) excited by cosmic rays, electrons and photons, or the intermediate excited complexes CHy(+) resulting from a chemical reaction.
Methods. The full set of fragmentation branching ratios following CHy(+) (y = 2,4) of constant velocity (250 keV uma−1) colliding with He atoms has been measured with the multidetector AGAT. Kinetic energy distributions of neutral fragments produced in each dissociation channel have been also measured. With these experimental inputs, and theoretical dissociation energies, semiempirical breakdown curves (BDCs) have been constructed.
Results. Prediction of BRs with the present BDCs is found to agree with available BR measurements for electronic dissociative recombination, collision with fast electron and photodissociation. Dependence of BRs with the various UV fields relevant to interstellar medium and planetary atmospheres is predicted.
Validierung einer deutschen Version des „Central
Sensitization Inventory“ zur Identifizierung zentralnervöser
Schmerzentwicklungen
Authors: Schumacher Sarah , Waschescio Hardy Juliane 
Published: July 2019

ZusammenfassungBei dem weit verbreiteten pathophysiologischen Mechanismus der zentralen
Sensibilisierung ist die Sensibilität des ZNS stark erhöht. Sie ist Teil des
Symptomcharakters vieler muskuloskelettaler Syndrome, die aufgrund fehlender
spezifischer Ursache zur Chronifizierung neigen. Die Syndrome sind als
Fibromyalgie, chronisches Fatigue-Syndrom, Reizdarmsyndrom oder
Kiefergelenkstörungen bekannt.Der kürzlich entwickelte Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI) beurteilt Symptome
der zentralen Sensibilisierung. Er ist das erste Diagnostikinstrument zur
Identifizierung von mit einer zentralen Sensibilisierung des Nervensystems
einhergehenden Kardinalzeichen.Das Ziel der Studie war, die englische Originalversion des CSI von Mayer et al.
1 in einem Review-Prozess ins Deutsche zu
übersetzen und mit einer Querschnittsstudie an Patienten mit chronischen
Nackenschmerzen auf Validität sowie interne Konsistenz zu überprüfen. Zur
Validitätsprüfung diente der Neck Disability Index (NDI) als Goldstandard.Zwischen NDI und dem Zentrale Sensibilisierung Screeningtool (ZSS) ergab sich
eine statistisch signifikante Korrelation. Die interne Konsistenz wurde
ebenfalls als gut bewertet.
Homöopathie in Männerhand
Authors: Baschin Marion 
Published: July 2019

ZusammenfassungAnhand von Beiträgen aus homöopathischen Laienzeitschriften werden Männer als Akteure in Selbst- und Familiensorge vorgestellt. Im Gegensatz zum heute vorherrschenden Bild des „an alternativen Heilweisen desinteressierten Mannes“ zeigt sich die aktive Rolle, welche Männer vor 100 bis 150 Jahren bei der medikalen Versorgung ihrer selbst, ihrer Familie beziehungsweise des gesellschaftlichen Umfelds eingenommen haben.
Einflüsse von unnatürlichen Umweltfaktoren auf das Immunsystem
Authors: Müller Kurt E. 
Published: July 2019

ZusammenfassungDie Prävalenz umweltassoziierter Erkrankungen nimmt zu und ist heute ebenso hoch wie die der wichtigsten Volkskrankheiten. Bei chronischer Einwirkung von Umweltstressoren werden entzündliche Reaktionen ausgelöst, die über Wechselwirkungen mit dem Neuroendokrinoimmunsystem zu Depression führen können. Therapeutisches Ziel der Klinischen Umweltmedizin ist es, die krankheitsauslösenden Noxen aufzuspüren und zu eliminieren. Zudem werden individuell geeignete natürliche Entzündungshemmer wie S-Adenosylmethionin gesucht. Alloplastische Materialien werden heute noch überwiegend unkritisch eingesetzt.
Effect of Photon Energy on Conventional Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy and Rapid Arc Radiotherapy Planning for Deep-Seated Targets in Carcinoma Cervix
Authors: Bhushan Manindra , Yadav Girigesh , Tripathi Deepak , Kumar Lalit , Dewan Abhinav , Wahi Inderjit Kaur , Suhail Mahamood , Mitra Swarupa , Gairola Munish 
Published: July 2019

Introduction To evaluate the dosimetric effect of photon energies on fixed field intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and dual arc (DA) planning and to compare the dosimetric differences between conventional IMRT and DA radiotherapy planning.
Materials and Methods IMRT and DA plans were generated for 15 patients having cervical cancer using different photon energies. IMRT and DA plans were generated using seven fields and double arcs, respectively. Dosimetric comparison was done in terms of planning target volume (PTV) coverage, sparing of organ at risk (OAR), homogeneity index (HI), conformity index (CI), and monitor units (MUs). Photo-neutron (energy ≤10MV) contribution was not considered for this study. Near region (NR) and far region (FR) were contoured to evaluate the dose deposited in nontarget area.
Results No significant difference was observed (p > 0.05) in PTV coverage for conventional IMRT and DA; however, 6 MV yielded significantly better coverage over 15 MV (p < 0.05) for both the treatment modalities. Mean bladder dose was significantly more for conventional IMRT compared with DA. For rectal mean dose, p-value was nonsignificant for IMRT in comparison to DA, while significant difference was observed for change in photon energies for both treatment modalities respectively, except for 10 MV versus 15 MV DA plans. Significant improvements in HI (except 6 MV vs. 10 MV DA), CI (except 6 MV vs. 10 MV IMRT and DA), MUs, NR, and FR were noted.
Conclusion DA generates more conformal, homogenous plans, requires less numbers of MUs, and deposits fewer doses to NR and FR regions of nontarget tissues in comparison to conventional IMRT. Although increase in photon energy for IMRT and DA plans reduces numbers of MUs and dose deposited to NR and FR regions, yet the choice for treatment of carcinoma cervix remains 6 MV due to production of photo-neutrons at higher energies.
Interpretation tools for religious heritage.
Authors: Kanaan-Amat M. , Crous-Costa N. , Aulet S. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

This chapter focuses on non-personal interpretation tools in museums and interpretation centres and how they can transmit the values of religious heritage. The objective is to reflect on the core values of religious artefacts for the societies that created them, contrasting with the way in which these pieces are exhibited today in European museums and similar environments.
Constant theoretical conductance via changes in vessel diameter and number with height growth in Moringa oleifera
Authors: Echeverría Alberto , Anfodillo Tommaso , Soriano Diana , Rosell Julieta A , Olson Mark E 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
As trees grow taller, hydraulic resistance can be expected to increase, causing photosynthetic productivity to decline. Yet leaves maintain productivity over vast height increases; this maintenance of productivity suggests that leaf-specific conductance remains constant as trees grow taller. Here we test the assumption of constant leaf-specific conductance with height growth and document the stem xylem anatomical adjustments involved. We measured the scaling of total leaf area, mean vessel diameter at terminal twigs and at the stem base, and total vessel number in 139 individuals of Moringa oleifera of different heights, and estimated a whole-plant conductance index from these measurements. Whole-plant conductance and total leaf area scaled at the same rate with height. Congruently, whole-plant conductance and total leaf area scaled isometrically. Constant conductance is made possible by intricate adjustments in anatomy, with conduit diameters in terminal twigs becoming wider, lowering per-vessel resistance, with a concomitant decrease in vessel number per unit leaf area with height growth. Selection maintaining constant conductance per unit leaf area with height growth (or at least minimizing drops in conductance) is likely a potent selective pressure shaping plant hydraulics, and crucially involved in the maintenance of photosynthetic productivity per leaf area across the terrestrial landscape.
Nitric oxide molecular targets: reprogramming plant development upon stress
Authors: Sánchez-Vicente Inmaculada , Fernández-Espinosa María Guadalupe , Lorenzo Oscar 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPlants are sessile organisms that need to complete their life cycle by the integration of different abiotic and biotic environmental signals, tailoring developmental cues and defense concomitantly. Commonly, stress responses are detrimental to plant growth and, despite the fact that intensive efforts have been made to understand both plant development and defense separately, most of the molecular basis of this trade-off remains elusive. To cope with such a diverse range of processes, plants have developed several strategies including the precise balance of key plant growth and stress regulators [i.e. phytohormones, reactive nitrogen species (RNS), and reactive oxygen species (ROS)]. Among RNS, nitric oxide (NO) is a ubiquitous gasotransmitter involved in redox homeostasis that regulates specific checkpoints to control the switch between development and stress, mainly by post-translational protein modifications comprising S-nitrosation of cysteine residues and metals, and nitration of tyrosine residues. In this review, we have sought to compile those known NO molecular targets able to balance the crossroads between plant development and stress, with special emphasis on the metabolism, perception, and signaling of the phytohormones abscisic acid and salicylic acid during abiotic and biotic stress responses.
The Role of a Crystallographically Unresolved Cytoplasmic Loop in Stabilizing the Bacterial Membrane Insertase YidC2
Authors: Harkey Thomas , Kumar Vivek Govind , Hettige Jeevapani , Tabari Seyed Hamid , Immadisetty Kalyan , Moradi Mahmoud 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTYidC, a bacterial member of the YidC/Alb3/Oxa1 insertase family, mediates membrane protein assembly and insertion. Cytoplasmic loops are known to have functional significance in membrane proteins such as YidC. Employing microsecond-level molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, we show that the crystallographically unresolved C2 loop plays a crucial role in the structural dynamics of Bacillus halodurans YidC2. We have modeled the C2 loop and used allatom MD simulations to investigate the structural dynamics of YidC2 in its apo form, both with and without the C2 loop. The C2 loop was found to stabilize the entire protein and particularly the C1 region. C2 was also found to stabilize the alpha-helical character of the C-terminal region. Interestingly, the highly polar or charged lipid head groups of the simulated membranes were found to interact with and stabilize the C2 loop. These findings demonstrate that the crystallographically unresolved loops of membrane proteins could be important for the stabilization of the protein despite the apparent lack of structure, which could be due to the absence of the relevant lipids to stabilize them in crystallographic conditions.
Instability of cooperation in finite populations
Authors: Molina Chai , Earn David J. D. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractEvolutionary game theory has been developed primarily under the implicit assumption of an infinite population. We rigorously analyze a standard model for the evolution of cooperation (the multi-player snowdrift game) and show that in many situations in which there is a cooperative evolutionarily stable strategy (ESS) if the population is infinite, there is no cooperative ESS if the population is finite (no matter how large). In these cases, contributing nothing is a globally convergently stable finite-population ESS, implying that apparent evolution of cooperation in such games is an artifact of the infinite population approximation. The key issue is that if the size of groups that play the game exceeds a critical proportion of the population then the infinite-population approximation predicts the wrong evolutionary outcome (in addition, the critical proportion itself depends on the population size). Our results are robust to the underlying selection process.
A Computational Model of Normal and Impaired Lexical Decision: Graded Semantic Effects
Authors: Chang Ya-Ning , Furber Steve , Ralph Matthew Lambon , Welbourne Stephen 
Published: July 2019

AbstractLexical decision is an important paradigm in studies of visual word recognition yet the underlying mechanisms supporting the activity are not well understood. While most models of visual word recognition focus on orthographic processing as the primary locus of the lexical decision, a number of behavioural studies have suggested a flexible role for semantic processing regulated by the similarity of the nonword foil to real words. Here we developed a computational model that interactively combines visual-orthographic, phonological and semantic processing to perform lexical decisions. Importantly, the model was able to differentiate words from nonwords by dynamically integrating measures of polarity across the key processing layers. The model was more reliant on semantic information when nonword foils were pseudowords as opposed to consonant strings. Moreover, the model was able to capture a range of standard reading effects in lexical decision. Damage to the model also resulted in reading patterns observed in patients with pure alexia, phonological dyslexia, and semantic dementia, demonstrating for the first time that both normal and neurologically-impaired lexical decision can be addressed in a connectionist computational model of reading.
Application of agent model in the optimal design of AIG for SCR-DeNOx system
Authors: Li Na , Wang Han , Xu Hui , Miao Mingfeng 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
Ammonia injection grid (AIG) is used as an input device for ammonia which reacts with NOx in the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) reactor. However, non-uniform concentration distribution of ammonia could produce partially poisoning or deposits of the catalyst. In this work, for making ammonia widely distributed throughout the flue gas and fully mixed, an optimization method of AIG is proposed.

Design/methodology/approach
Depending on the complexity of fluid flow, the relation between the concentration distributions of ammonia and the geometric parameters of AIG is nonlinear. Based on a certain amount of AIG samples, the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations are applied to propose the agent model which describes the functional relation of the deviation of ammonia concentration and the geometric parameters of AIG. The optimization model of AIG based on the agent model is established. The optimized AIG based on the agent model can be used to produce uniform concentration distributions of ammonia, especially in the case that velocity distribution of flue gas is non-uniform.

Findings
For qualitatively confirming this optimization method, the three-dimensional CFD simulation of the optimized AIG is carried out. The results reveal that the diffusion process of ammonia gas is consistent with the development of the local vortices, which have a certain relation with the velocity distribution of the flue gas. The unequal ammonia injection designed by the optimization based on the agent model promotes a better mixing of ammonia and flue gas.

Originality/value
In this work, first, the method for optimizing AIG based on the agent model is proposed. Second, the three-dimensional CFD modeling and simulation of the optimized AIG is carried out, and the mixing effects of ammonia and flue gas are presented.
Creating better dynamic relaxation methods
Authors: Rezaiee-Pajand M. , Estiri Hossein , Mohammadi-Khatami Mohammad 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to demonstrate that using appropriate values for fictitious parameters is very important in dynamic relation methods. It will be shown that a better scheme can be made by modifying these terms.

Design/methodology/approach
Former research studies have proposed diverse values for fictitious parameters. These factors are very essential and highly affect structural analyses’ abilities. In this paper, the fictitious masses in ten previous well-known schemes are replaced with each other. These formulations lead to the extra 41 different new procedures.

Findings
To compare the skills of the created processes with those of the ten previous ones, 14 benchmark problems with geometrical nonlinear behaviour are analysed. The performances’ evaluations are based on the number of iterations and analysis time. Considering these two criteria, the score of each technique is found for the ranking assessments.

Research limitations/implications
To solve a static problem by using a dynamic relaxation (DR) scheme, it should be first converted to a dynamic space. Using the appropriate values for fictitious terms is very important in this approach. The fictitious mass matrix and damping factor play the most effective role in the process stability. Besides, the fictitious time step is necessary for improving the method convergence rate.

Practical implications
Different famous DR procedures were compared with each other previously. These solvers used their original assumptions for the imaginary mass and damping. So far, no attempt has been made to change the fictitious parameters of the well-known DR methods. As these fictitious factors highly affect structural analyses’ efficiencies, these solvers are formulated again by using new parameters. In this study, the fictitious masses of ten previous famous methods are replaced with each other. These substitutions give 51 different procedures.

Originality/value
It is concluded that the present formulations lead to more effective and favourable methods than the solvers with previous assumptions.
A coupled MMALE-FE method for solving 3D fluid-solid interaction problems with multi-material flow
Authors: Chen Xiang , Zhang Xiong 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
The simulation of the fluid–solid interaction (FSI) problem is important for both academic studies and engineering applications. However, the numerical approach for simulating the FSI problems is a great challenge owing to the large discrepancy of material properties and inconsistent description of grid motion between the fluid and solid domains. The difficulties will be further increased if there are multiple materials in the fluid region. In these complicated applications, interface reconstruction, multi-material advection and FSI must be all taken into account. This paper aims to present an effective integrated work of multi-material arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (MMALE) method, finite element (FE) method and the continuum analogy method to simulate the complex FSI problems involving multi-material flow. The coupled method is used to simulate the three-dimensional CONT test and the blast-plate interaction. The numerical results show good agreement with the benchmark and the experiment data, which indicates that the presented method is effective for solving the complicated FSI problems.

Design/methodology/approach
MMALE and FE methods are used to simulate fluid and solid regions, respectively. The interfacial nodes of fluid and solid are required to be coincident in the whole simulation so the interacted force can be easily and accurately calculated. To this end, the continuum analogy method is used in the rezoning phase.

Findings
The coupled method is used to simulate the three-dimensional CONT test and the blast-plate interaction. The numerical results show good agreement with the benchmark and the experiment data, which indicates that the presented method is effective for solving the complicated FSI problems.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first time that the ALE method, moment of fluid interface reconstruction method, continuum analogy method and the FE method are combined to solve complicated practical problems.
Multi-scale analysis for helically wound structures with one-dimensional periodicity
Authors: Yan Jun , Hu Haitao , Yang Zhixun , Wan Rui , Li Yang 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to present a multi-scale analysis methodology for calculating the effective stiffnesses and the micro stresses of helically wound structures efficiently and accurately. The helically wound structure is widely applied in ocean and civil engineering as load-bearing structures with high flexibility, such as wire ropes, umbilical cables and flexible risers. Their structures are usually composed of a number of twisted subcomponents with relatively large slender ratio and have the one-dimensional periodic characteristic in the axial direction. As the huge difference between the axial length and the cross-section size of this type of structures, the finite element modeling and theoretical analysis based on some assumption are usually unavailable leading to the reduction of computability; even the optimization design becomes infeasible.

Design/methodology/approach
Based on the asymptotic homogenization theory, the one-dimensional periodic helically wound structure is equivalent to the one-dimensional homogeneous beam. A novel implementation of the homogenization is derived for the analysis of the effective mechanical properties of the helically wound structure, and the tensile, bending, torsional and coupling stiffness properties of the effective beam model are obtained. On this basis, a downscaling analysis formation for the micro-component stress in the one-dimensional periodic wound structure is constructed. The stress of micro-components in the specified geometry position of the helically wound structure is obtained basing on the asymptotic homogenization theory simultaneously.

Findings
By comparing with the result from finite element established accurately, the established multi-scale calculation method of the one-dimensional periodic helically wound structure is verified. The influence of size effects on the macro effective performance and the micro-component stress is discussed.

Originality/value
This paper will provide the theoretical basis for the efficient elastoplastic analysis of the helically wound structure, even the fatigue analysis. In addition, it is necessary to point out that the axial length of the helically wound structure in the general engineering problems that such as deep-sea risers and submarine cables.