bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the Efficacy of Artificial Intelligence Using Machine Learning Models in Predicting Functional Recovery Post-Stroke
Authors: Deole Mansi , Dharwadkar Raghavendrasingh 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background:
Stroke is a significant health problem in India, with an uneven prevalence and high early mortality rates. Worldwide, stroke is the second leading cause of death. In the initial months post-stroke, motor impairment is a primary concern, in addition to various other deficits. Predicting recovery after a stroke is crucial for optimizing resource allocation. Utilizing machine learning offers the potential to enhance therapeutic decision-making and predict individual recovery outcomes in stroke rehabilitation.

Objectives:
We aimed to employ machine learning algorithms to predict functional recovery after stroke by estimating Barthel Index scores, identifying patterns and correlations within the dataset, and determining the most effective machine learning model among the five algorithms that were tested.

Materials and Methods:
Participants were screened for eligibility before enrollment, and demographic information, stroke characteristics, and Barthel Index scores were recorded. The dataset was split into training and testing subsets for analysis. Five machine learning algorithms were trained using the initial dataset to develop predictive models.

Results:
High alcohol and tobacco use potentially influenced Barthel Index scores and stroke recovery. The recovery process varied based on stroke type, with ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes. The Random Forest model exhibited the highest predictive accuracy among the models.

Conclusion:
The study highlights the role of demographics, lifestyle habits, comorbidities, and stroke type in functional recovery poststroke. The Random Forest model demonstrated the most reliable predictive capability, indicating artificial intelligence’s potential in stroke recovery prediction. Furthermore, research studies are needed to develop and evaluate robust prediction models.
Coexistence of G6PD Deficiency in a Crohn’s Disease Patient: Case Report
Authors: Uppaluri Kalyan Ram , Aishwarya Kappagantu , Chalcedony Rebecca , Palasamudram Kalyani 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Mutations in the X-chromosome G6PD gene cause glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency. Crohn’s disease (CD) is an inflammatory bowel disease that can cause inflammation and damage to the lining of the digestive tract. We report a 50-year-old male with CD who was found to have an unrecognized variant of G6PD deficiency. Further investigation confirmed the presence of G6PD enzymatic activity impairment, indicating the clinical relevance of this genetic alteration. This case report presents the G6PD variants rs137852339, rs1050757, and rs2230037 in an individual from South India, highlighting the significance of early genetic screening in individuals experiencing persistent symptoms lasting for years. The present case underscores the importance of genetic screening in patients with prolonged symptoms, aiming to prevent delayed diagnosis and enhance overall patient well-being through timely interventions and personalized treatment approaches.
A Single Center Experience of Adolescents and Young Adults with Gastrointestinal Tract Cancers
Authors: Nwanji Ifeanyichukwu D. , Adegoke Omolade O. , Ogunbiyi Olufemi John 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background:
Gastrointestinal tract (GIT) tumors are predominantly seen among middle-aged and elderly persons. However, there are reports of an increasing incidence among adolescents and young adults.

Objective:
We sought to describe the morphological characteristics of malignancies involving the GIT among adolescents and young adults in our center.

Materials and Methods:
This is a retrospective review of all histologically diagnosed cases of gastrointestinal malignancies in persons between the ages of 10 and 35, over a 10-year period (2010–2019).

Results:
There were 79 cases of GIT tumors in adolescents and young adults during the study period amounting to 14.2% of total GIT malignancies. The male: female ratio was 1:1.1. Colonic malignancies predominated, accounting for 75% of cases; these were mostly adenocarcinomas. Gastric cancers showed a female predilection; small intestinal tumors were observed more in males.

Conclusion:
Gastrointestinal tract tumors affecting adolescents and young adults are not uncommon. Most of these tumors are adenocarcinomas and affect the colon. Gastric cancers showed a female predilection.
Radiation proctitis in Lagos, Nigeria: A Review of clinical, endoscopic, and pathological findings
Authors: Oluyemi Aderemi , Momoh Martins , Ajimotokan Oluwafemi 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background and Objectives:
Radiation proctitis (RP) is only sparsely documented as a gastrointestinal side effect of the administration of radiotherapeutic interventions in oncology practice in Nigerian patients. This review sought to profile important clinical aspects in five such cases of RP along with a review of the endoscopic and pathological findings.

Materials and Methods:
We conducted a retrospective review of all patients who were diagnosed with RP at two Lagos-based privately run colonoscopy centers. The record examined covered a duration of 36 months (April 1, 2016–May 31, 2019). Over this period, 1035 colonoscopies were carried out, and all RP cases (n = 5) were identified. The clinical presentations and endoscopic findings were documented as well as the findings of the pathologists’ report for the chronic proctitis (CP) cases.

Results:
All patients were in their sixth or seventh decade of life (age range, 63–78 years). There were two males and three females. All subjects had haematochezia as their presenting complaint. In the case of the two patients with acute RP, bleeding commenced after initiation of radiotherapy. As for the three patients with CP, the above symptoms started at 7, 11, and 36 months, respectively, after the last dose of radiotherapy. The time from the onset of the symptom to seeking colonoscopy evaluation varied between 2 and 12 weeks. The histological findings of biopsies of CP were consistent with the diagnosis in the three cases. The endoscopic findings were classified using the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer criteria.

Conclusion:
This study documents the changes related to RP in a cohort of Nigerian patients, with a focus on clinical, endoscopic, and histopathological findings.
Protecting the Safe Water Chain in Refugee Camps: An Exploratory Study of Water Handling Practices, Chlorine Decay, and Household Water Safety in South Sudan, Jordan, and Rwanda
Authors: Ali Syed Imran , De Santi Michael , Monette Georges , Khan Usman T. , Fesselet Jean-François , Orbinski James 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT.
In refugee and internally displaced person settlements, hygienic water handling and free residual chlorine (FRC) are crucial for protecting water against recontamination after distribution up to the household point-of-consumption. We conducted a secondary analysis of water quality and water handling data collected in refugee camps in South Sudan, Jordan, and Rwanda using statistical and process-based modeling to explore how water handling practices affect FRC decay and household FRC outcomes. The two practices that consistently produced a significant effect on FRC decay and household FRC were storing water in direct sunlight and transferring water between containers during household storage. Samples stored in direct sunlight had 0.22–0.31 mg/L lower household FRC and had FRC decay rates between 2 and 3.7 times higher than samples stored in the shade, and samples that were transferred between containers had 0.031–0.51 mg/L lower household FRC and decay rates 1.65–3 times higher than non-transferred samples in sites in which the effect was significant, suggesting that humanitarian responders should aim to provide additional water storage containers to prevent water transferring in households and encourage water-users not to store water in direct sunlight. By contrast, the effect of the three recommended hygienic water handling behaviors (clean, covered containers and drawing by tap or pouring) was mixed or inconclusive. These inconclusive results were likely due to imbalanced or unreliable approaches to gathering the data, and we recommend that hygienic water handling practices that mechanistically provide a physical barrier against recontamination should always be promoted in humanitarian settings.
Ảnh hưởng của bổ sung khoáng vào môi trường nước đến hiệu quả sinh sản của ốc bươu đồng (Pila polita Deshayes, 1830) trong quá trình nuôi vỗ
Authors: Văn Bình Lê , Thị Thu Thảo Ngô 
Published: December 2024

Nghiên cứu này nhằm đánh giá ảnh hưởng của việc bổ sung khoáng vào môi trường nước lên hiệu quả sinh sản của ốc bươu đồng trong quá trình nuôi vỗ. Ốc bố mẹ (khối lượng: 12,6 - 14,7 g/con; chiều cao vỏ: 37,3 - 44,7 mm/con) được nuôi vỗ trong bể lót bạt (kích thước 1×1×1 m) với mật độ 60 con/bể (tỉ lệ đực:cái là 1:1). Môi trường nước được bổ sung khoáng Pro Mix với 5 mức hàm lượng khoáng khác nhau vào môi trường nước, với 3 lần lặp lạibao gồm: 1) Đối chứng không bổ sung khoáng (No.Mi-W); 2) Bổ sung khoáng 30 mg/m3 (Mi30-W); 3) Bổ sung khoáng 50 mg/m3 (Mi50-W); 4) Bổ sung khoáng 70 mg/m3 (Mi70-W) và 5) Bổ sung khoáng 90 mg/m3 (Mi90-W). Mỗi mức khoáng bổ sung được lặp lại 3 lần. Kết quả cho thấy, hệ số thành thục (GSI) của ốc bươu đồng ở Mi30-W cao nhất đạt 12,50% ở con cái; 6,62% ở con đực và khác biệt (p<0,05) so với No.Mi-W (7,00%; 4,19%). Ốc bươu đồng nuôi vỗ ở nghiệm thức Mi30-W có tần suất sinh sản 1,08 tổ/tuần/m2, cao hơn và khác biệt (p<0,05) so với ốc bươu đồng ở nghiệm thức Mi90-W (0,86 tổ/tuần/m2) và nghiệm thức No.Mi-W (0,61 tổ/tuần/m2). Kết quả nghiên cứu khẳng định, việc bổ sung khoáng vào môi trường nước nuôi vỗ ở mức 30 mg/m3 đã nâng cao tỷ lệ thành thục sinh dục, hiệu quả sinh sản của ốc so với các hàm lượng bổ sung khoáng khác.
Empowering Maguindanaon Identity: Phonological Adaptation of Arabic Loanwords as a Pathway to Linguistic Preservation and Sustainable Development (SDG 4 & SDG 11)
Authors: Menson Almira B. 
Published: December 2024

Objectives: This study explores the phonological adaptation of Arabic loanwords in Maguindanaon, aiming to deepen understanding of the language's sound system and its linguistic preservation.

Theoretical Framework: Drawing on the Optimality Theory (OT) framework, which emphasizes the interaction between markedness and faithfulness constraints, the research examines how Arabic phonemes are integrated and modified in the Maguindanaon phonology.

Method: A qualitative methodology was employed, involving the participation of twelve native speakers who provided a corpus of 250 Arabic loanwords for analysis.

Results and Discussions: The findings reveal that phonological adaptation prioritizes unmarked forms over faithfulness to Arabic originals, resulting in significant segmental shifts and morphological integration. These changes include affixation, inflectional adaptations, and semantic shifts such as broadening and extension, reflecting the cultural integration of Arabic influences.

Research Implications: The study contributes to phonological theory by demonstrating how Maguindanaon achieves linguistic coherence through selective adaptations, aligning borrowed words with native patterns.

Originality/Value: The research offers practical insights for language preservation, highlighting the role of phonological adaptation in maintaining linguistic identity. Moreover, the findings address sustainable development goals (SDG 4 – Quality Education and SDG 11 – Sustainable Cities and Communities) by fostering cultural literacy and promoting the sustainable use of linguistic heritage.
Ethical Leadership Behaviors and Employee Perceptions of Organizational Justice: A Qualitative Research
Authors: İncekara İper , Karamanlıoğlu Almula Umay , Sığrı Ünsal 
Published: December 2024

Objective: The study explores a crucial aspect of the service industry: how managers' leadership impacts employees' views on justice within the coffee shop industry, specifically focusing their views of justice perceptions.

Theoretical Framework: This research study's theoretical foundation lies in the principles of leadership and organizational justice, incorporating theories such as climate and decision-making along with models of organizational justice, including distributive, procedural, and interactional justice.

Method: The study employed a method in its research work involving 16 managers and staff members working at coffee shops in Ankara, selected through convenience sampling for the sample collection process. Data were gathered through direct observations and semi- structured interviews utilizing a questionnaire focused on ethical leadership and organizational justice concerns.

Results and Discussion: The research findings showed that ethical leadership practices directly impact how workers view fairness in their environment. Effective communication and seeking input are components of leadership that significantly influence the perception of impartiality and equity among employees. Moreover, providing support, being fair, and demonstrating sincerity are characteristics that distinguish ethical leaders. The study also emphasized that when leaders exhibit these behaviors, they help cultivate an environment of justice and equity, leading to increased employee contentment and confidence.

Research Implications: The study's findings indicate that it is essential for service industry organizations, such as coffee shops, to cultivate leadership practices that foster a culture of fairness within the workplace environment. Managers and leaders should strive to communicate with their teams and offer support while ensuring equal treatment for all employees to improve their perceptions of fairness. These results have implications as they may be implemented to establish a favorable work atmosphere that boosts employee engagement and loyalty while enhancing overall productivity within the organization.

Originality/Value: This research contributes to the existing body of knowledge by examining how ethical leadership practices impact justice in the coffee shop industry and provides information for managers and leaders to promote a culture of justice.
From Support to Seat: Top Management Influence and Hr Professionals' Boardroom Trajectory as a Key to Securing Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: Amarawardena Yasheela , Jusoh Mazuki , Khatibi Ali 
Published: December 2024

Objective: The main objective of the article was to investigate the influence of top management on HR professionals’ career progression towards boardroom positions and how HR professionals can play a key role in the board to secure sustainable development goals.

Theoretical Framework: Two main theoretical frameworks, i.e. Agency theory of Jensen and Meckling (1976) and the upper-echelons theory of Hambrick and Mason (1984) were presented concerning the significance of HR professionals on board and the significance of the top management's influence on HR professionals to gain a board seat.

Method: Reviewing prior literature was the approach employed in this study. The primary sources of information were journal articles in Human Resources Management and Management.

Results and Discussion: The study delves into the challenges HR professionals encounter, specifically in their pursuit of boardroom positions and the strategies they can employ to secure a seat through top management influence.

Research Implications: The study will enable academia, and professionals to understand the obstacles and approaches to obtaining TMT influence on board nominations, especially for HR professionals, as well as the manner HR may contribute to achieving the SDGs.

Originality/Value: According to the author’s assessment of the literature, this paper is the first to examine how top management impacts HR professionals' career trajectories, HR's future, and its potential to contribute to sustainable development goals (SDGs).
Monitoring of a Low-Order Even Radial Vibrational Circumferential Mode in a Round Hollow Cylinder
Authors: Ouis Djamel , Gramez Abdelghani 
Published: December 2024

This paper presents a nondestructive testing method for assessing the structural integrity of cylindrical elements by monitoring a range of radial vibrational modes, with a specific emphasis on the so-called ovalling mode. The method involves exciting the cylinder with a single vibration source in the radial direction and measuring the response using two vibration sensors positioned diametrically on the cylinder's surface. The ovalling mode was extracted from the frequency response by adding the in-phase signals recorded by the sensors. Experiments conducted on a PVC pipe showed good agreement between the measured resonance frequency of the ovalling mode and its predicted value, calculated using the theory for thin cylindrical shells and Finite Element Method simulations. This research is an investigation into the potential and reliability of this nondestructive technique for detecting corrosion and strength-weakening defects in concrete building elements, steel pillars, and columns. The extent of the strength reduction can be determined by analyzing the change in the resonance frequency of the ovalling mode.
Determinants of Consumer’s Adoption of Latest Version Smartphones: An Empirical Study of Saudi Consumers
Authors: Boutaleb Brahim , Toukabri Maher 
Published: December 2024

This empirical study investigates the determinants of the adoption of the latest version of smartphones among Saudi Arabian consumers. Through a quantitative approach and data collected from 377 participants, the research explores factors, such as personal characteristics, social influences, product features, price considerations, social media impact, online purchasing behavior, and the role of advertisements. Descriptive and inferential analyses provide insights into the sample population's demographic profiles and occupational patterns. The ANOVA test evaluated the relationship between various factors and consumer adoption of the latest smartphones. The results indicated no significant difference in the adoption behavior based on the personal characteristics, influence from family and friends, or product features. However, data for other hypotheses were missing, impeding a comprehensive analysis. While the test provided useful understanding, further examination and interpretation are necessary to draw conclusive insights into the factors influencing smartphone adoption. This study contributes valuable knowledge into the complex dynamics of smartphone adoption in Saudi Arabia, offering targeted strategies to manufacturers, marketers, and policymakers, and aiming to enhance market penetration and consumer engagement.
Аккреционные вспышки в массивных молодых звездных объектах
Authors: И.И. Зинченко 
Published: December 2024

Вспышки светимости в маломассивных (прото)звездах, обычно объясняемые эпизодической аккрецией, известны уже несколько десятилетий. Недавно подобные события были обнаружены в массивных молодых звездных объектах (МЗО). Существуют теоретические модели, предсказывающие такое поведение. Одна из первых таких вспышек была зарегистрирована в направлении МЗО S255IR NIRS3 с массой 20 M ⊙ , который мы долгое время изучали на разных масштабах с помощью нескольких инструментов. Здесь мы представляем краткий обзор наших исследований этого объекта, а также исследований подобных вспышек в других массивных МЗО. В целом это явление подтверждает сценарий эпизодической дисковой аккреции как механизма формирования звезд с массами до ∼ 20 M ⊙ .
Luminosity outbursts in low-mass (proto)stars, explained usually by episodic accretion, have been known for decades. Recently, similar events have been detected in massive young stellar objects (YSO). There are theoretical models which predict such a behavior. One of the first such outbursts was registered towards the 20 M ⊙ YSO S255IR NIRS3, which we have been investigating for a long time at various scales with several instruments. Here we present a brief review of our studies of this object and studies of similar outbursts in other massive YSOs. In general, this phenomenon supports the scenario of episodic disk accretion as a formation mechanism for stars with masses up to ∼ 20 M ⊙ .
О синергии наземных и космических телескопов при обнаружении ОСЗ декаметрового класса в околоземном космическом пространстве
Authors: А.С. Шугаров , Б.М. Шустов 
Published: December 2024

Как показало Челябинское событие 15 февраля 2013 г., столкновения малых (декаметровых) тел с Землей могут представлять опасность для жителей нашей планеты. Такие тела малозаметны и могут быть систематически обна- ружены только в околоземном космическом пространстве. Необходима всемирная сеть наземных оптических телеско- пов, позволяющая очень быстро обследовать все ночное небо для обнаружения небольших астероидов в околоземном космическом пространстве. Однако значительная часть объектов, сближающихся с Землей (ОСЗ), приближается к Земле в дневное время, и их можно обнаружить только с помощью специальных космических средств. В предыду- щих статьях мы предложили космический проект СОДА (Система обнаружения дневных астероидов), направленный на обнаружение таких ОСЗ на короткой шкале времени (часы). В этой статье мы кратко представляем обновленную информацию о проекте СОДА в сравнении с другими аналогичными космическими проектами. Особое внимание уделяется рассмотрению синергии наземных и космических телескопов для эффективного обнаружения ОСЗ де- каметрового класса. Обсуждаются перспективы международного сотрудничества по проекту SODA, в частности, в рамках сотрудничества стран БРИКС в области астрономии.
As demonstrated by the Chelyabinsk event on February 15, 2013, collisions of the small (decameter class) near-Earth objects (NEOs) with the Earth can pose a threat to the inhabitants of our planet. Such bodies are faint and can be systematically detected only in near-Earth space. A world-wide network of ground-based instruments is needed, allowing quick survey of the entire night sky to detect small asteroids in near-Earth space. However, a significant portion of NEOs approach the Earth from the day-time sky and they can only be detected with special space-based facilities. In previous papers we suggested the space project SODA (System of Observation of Day-time Asteroids) aimed to detect such NEOs on a short-time scale (hours). In this paper we briefly present updated information about the SODA project in comparison with other similar space projects. Special attention is drawn to considering the synergy of ground-based and space telescopes in exhaustive discovery of decameter class NEOs. The prospects for international cooperation on the SODA project are discussed, in particular, within the framework of the BRICS countries collaboration on astronomy.