bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
العقود الذكيّة وآفاق تطبيقها في المصرفية الا جتماعية: رؤية فقهية مقاصدية SMART CONTRACTS AND THE PROSPECTS FOR THEIR APPLICATION IN SOCIAL BANKING: A MAQASID JURISPRUDENTIAL VISION
Authors: Soualhi Younes , Hasan Saleh Abdulmajid Obaid 
Published: November 2024

This research paper aims to explore aspects of smart contract technology in Islamic finance, focusing on its legitimacy, objectives, and potential applications in Islamic social finance. This study relies on comparative qualitative analysis methodology and revolves around discussing the nature of smart contracts, the challenges related to their formulation and implementation, regulatory frameworks, and the cryptocurrencies used within them. The study presents proposed models for utilizing smart contracts in Islamic social finance and uses comparisons between different experiences to provide in-depth insights.This article also presents proposed models for leveraging smart contracts in Islamic social finance, using a comparative qualitative analysis approach. The study underscores the significance of integrating new innovations to maintain leadership in finance, as Islamic finance seeks to integrate its principles with Sharia-compliant systems and develop products that combine technological excellence with Sharia compliance. This study provides important findings and valuable recommendations for integrating smart contracts into Islamic social finance, contributing to enhancing innovations and developing advanced financial tools that effectively meet market needs while complying with Sharia principles.

ملخص البحث
هذه الورقة البحثية تهدف إلى استكشاف جوانب تقنية العقود الذكية في المالية الإسلامية، مركزة على شرعيتها، وأهدافها، واستخداماتها المحتملة في التمويل الاجتماعي الإسلامي. يتمحور منهج الدراسة حول مناقشة طبيعة العقود الذكية، والمشكلات المتعلقة بصياغتها وتنفيذها، والأطر التنظيمية لها، والعملات المشفرة المستخدمة ضمنها. كما يقدم الورق نماذج مقترحة للاستفادة من العقود الذكية في التمويل الاجتماعي الإسلامي، باستخدام منهج تحليلي نوعي مقارن. وتبرز أهمية الدراسة في الحاجة الملحة إلى اعتماد الابتكارات الجديدة للحفاظ على الريادة في المالية، حيث تسعى المالية الإسلامية لدمج مبادئها مع الأنظمة المتوافقة مع الشريعة وتطوير منتجات تجمع بين التميز التكنولوجي والامتثال الشرعي. الدراسة تأتي بنتائج مهمة وتوصيات قيمة لدمج العقود الذكية في التمويل الاجتماعي الإسلامي، مما يسهم في تعزيز الابتكارات وتطوير أدوات مالية متقدمة تلبي احتياجات السوق بشكل أكثر فعالية وامتثالًا للشريعة.
Evidências de validade da Escala de Fatalismo Social (EFS) no contexto brasileiro
Authors: Campani Filipe , Taborda de Souza Filho Paulo Roberto , Carlotto Mary Sandra , Gonçalves Câmara Sheila 
Published: November 2024

Fatalismo Social (FS) é definido como um esquema de crenças caracterizado por passividade, resignação, crítica reduzida e pouco controle em relação às contingências da vida. Esse estudo transversal apresenta o processo de adaptação da Escala de Fatalismo Social (EFS) e a análise de suas evidências de validade para o contexto brasileiro. Participaram 213indivíduos. O instrumento foi adaptado para o contexto brasileiro e aplicado junto à Escala de Lócus de Controle de Levenson (ELCL). O modelo original da escala foi testado mediante análise fatorial confirmatória, que apresentou índices de ajustes adequados: CFI = 0,97; TLI = 0,97; RMSEA = 0,07 (I.C = 0,05–0,08). Os coeficientes de consistência interna foram satisfatórios para a escala total (α = 0,83, ωt = 0,79), e para as dimensões de Predeterminação (α = 0,90, ωt = 0,91) e Presentismo (α = 0,78, ωt = 0,80); foram moderados nas dimensões de Ausência de controle (α = 0,68, ωt = 0,70) e Pessimismo (α = 0,54, ωt = 0,66). Quanto às evidências de validade convergente, a EFS apresentou correlações significativas e positivas com a dimensão de Locus de Controle Externo da ELCL. O uso da EFS pode contribuir para uma avaliação efetiva da presença e intensidade do FS nos esquemas cognitivos de processamento de informações da população brasileira.
Asociación entre el consumo de alcohol y la impulsividad en estudiantes universitarios: influencia del sexo
Authors: Vázquez Moreno Almitra - , Martínez-Velázquez Eduardo Salvador , Negrete-Cortés Agustín Jaime , García-Gomar María Luisa 
Published: November 2024

El consumo de alcohol es un problema de salud pública con consecuencias sociales negativas entre las que se incluyen: el desarrollo de adicciones, enfermedades, accidentes y muerte prematura. Existen distintos factores que influyen en el consumo de alcohol, algunos sociales y otros biológicos, entre ellos se encuentra el sexo y los rasgos de personalidad como la impulsividad. Tradicionalmente se ha estudiado la relación entre el alcohol y la impulsividad entre consumidores con dependencia, entre los que se ha reportado de forma generalizada mayor impulsividad. Sin embargo, no es claro si esta relación es similar entre hombres y mujeres. El presente trabajo explora la relación de las variables de género, la impulsividad y el consumo de alcohol en estudiantes universitarios. Se evaluaron de forma virtual 255 estudiantes (186 mujeres y 69 hombres) quienes contestaron los cuestionarios UPPS-P y el AUDIT. Se observó una correlación entre el comportamiento impulsivo y el consumo de alcohol. Sin embargo, al dividir la muestra por género, la correlación entre la impulsividad y el consumo de alcohol se mantuvo únicamente en el género femenino. Las dimensiones de la impulsividad parecen estar relacionadas de manera diferente con el consumo de alcohol en hombres y mujeres. Los presentes resultados se dirigen a considerar en estudios futuros y en los diseños de programas de intervención, las diferencias de género vinculadas con la impulsividad y su relación en el consumo, desarrollo y mantenimiento de la adicción.
DegS regulates the aerobic metabolism of Vibrio cholerae via the ArcA-isocitrate dehydrogenase pathway for growth and intestinal colonization
Authors: Zhao Jiajun , Huang Xiaoyu , Li Qingqun , Ren Fangyu , Hu Huaqin , Yuan Jianbo , Wang Kaiying , Hu Yuanqin , Huang Jian , Min Xun 
Published: November 2024

Aerobic respiration is the key driver of Vibrio cholerae proliferation and infection. Our previous transcriptome results suggested that degS knockout downregulates a few genes involved in NADH and ATP synthesis in the aerobic respiratory pathway. In this study, non-targeted metabolomics results showed that the differential metabolites affected by degS knockout were associated with aerobic respiration. Further results suggested that the key products of aerobic respiration, NADH and ATP, were reduced upon degS deletion and were not dependent on the classical σE pathway. The two-component system response factor aerobic respiration control A (ArcA) is involved in regulating NADH and ATP levels. qRT-PCR demonstrated that DegS negatively regulates the transcription of the arcA gene, which negatively regulates the expression of isocitrate dehydrogenase (ICDH), a key rate-limiting enzyme of the tricarboxylic acid cycle. NADH and ATP levels were partially restored with the knockout of the arcA gene in the ΔdegS strain, while levels were partially restored with overexpression of ICDH in the ΔdegS strain. In a growth experiment, compared to the ΔdegS strain, the growth rates of ΔdegSΔarcA and ΔdegS-overexpressed icdh strains (ΔdegS+icdh) were partially restored during the logarithmic growth period. Colonization of the intestines of suckling mice showed a significant reduction in the colonizing ability of the ΔdegS strain, similar colonizing ability of the ΔdegS::degS strain and the wild-type strain, and a partial recovery of the colonizing ability of the ΔdegS+icdh strain. Overall, these findings suggest that the DegS protease regulates the expression of ICDH through ArcA, thereby affecting the NADH and ATP levels of V. cholerae and its growth and intestinal colonization ability.
A novel, machine-learning model for prediction of short-term ASCVD risk over 90 and 365 days
Authors: Gazit Tomer , Mann Hanan , Gaber Shiri , Adamenko Pavel , Pariente Granit , Volsky Liron , Dolev Amir , Lyson Helena , Zimlichman Eyal , Pandit Jay A. , Paz Edo 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundCurrent atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk assessment tools like the Pooled Cohort Equations (PCEs) and PREVENT™ scores offer long-term predictions but may not effectively drive behavior change. Short-term risk predictions using mobile health (mHealth) data and electronic health records (EHRs) could enhance clinical decision-making and patient engagement. The aim of this study was to develop a short-term ASCVD risk prediction model for hypertensive individuals using mHealth and EHR data and compare its performance to existing risk assessment tools.MethodsThis is a retrospective cohort study including 51,127 hypertensive participants aged ≥18 years old who enrolled in the Hello Heart CV risk self-management program between January 2015 and January 2024. A machine learning (ML) model was derived from EHR data and mHealth measurements of blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) collected via at-home BP monitors. Its performance was compared to that of PCE and PREVENT.ResultsThe XgBoost model incorporating 291 features outperformed the PCE and PREVENT scores in discriminating ASCVD risk for both prediction periods. For 90-day prediction, mean C-statistics were 0.81 (XgBoost) vs. 0.74 (PCE) and 0.65 (PREVENT). Similar findings were observed for 365-day prediction. mHealth measurements incrementally enhanced 365-day risk prediction (ROC-AUC 0.82 vs. 0.80 without mHealth).ConclusionAn EHR and mHealth-based ML model offers superior short-term ASCVD prediction compared to traditional tools. This approach supports personalized preventive strategies, particularly for populations with incomplete features for PCE or PREVENT. Further research should explore this novel risk prediction framework, and particularly additional mHealth data integration for broader applicability and increased predictive power.
How does principal’s instructional leadership shape teacher performance mediated by teacher self-efficacy in Indonesian education context?
Authors: Elfira  , Rasdiana  , Fitrawati  , Jasman Muh Wahyudi , Reski Kiki , Anwar Amriyadi , Enaldi  
Published: November 2024

IntroductionThis study seeks to examine the relationships among principal instructional leadership (PIL), teacher self-efficacy (TSE), and teacher performance (TP) within the Indonesian educational setting, specifically in schools implementing the Merdeka Belajar curriculum.MethodsEmploying a quantitative approach utilizing Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), this research involved a sample of 127 productive teachers randomly selected from 247 teachers. Surveys were administered to measure perceptions of PIL, TSE, and TP, and relevant literature was reviewed to provide theoretical frameworks and research hypotheses.ResultsThe findings reveal significant direct relationships between PIL and both TSE (0.721) and TP (0.598), indicating that strong instructional leadership positively influences teachers’ self-efficacy and performance. Moreover, TSE is found to directly impact TP (0.358), suggesting that teachers’ beliefs in their capabilities play a crucial role in their instructional practices and outcomes. TSE is also identified as a significant mediator in the relationship between PIL and TP (0.258), highlighting the importance of fostering teachers’ self-efficacy to enhance their performance indirectly through instructional leadership.DiscussionThis research underscores the crucial significance of instructional leadership in influencing school culture, which ultimately affects teacher confidence and facilitates teacher performance. By understanding the mechanisms through which PIL impacts TSE and TP, educational leaders can implement strategies to foster a supportive environment that empowers teachers.
Complexities of student dropout in higher education: a multidimensional analysis
Authors: Barragán Moreno Sandra Patricia , González Támara Leandro 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionStudent dropout, as a dynamic and complex system, requires a broad conceptualization. The aim of this article is to analyze the concept of student dropout in higher education, with the aim of effectively addressing it at various levels, including both institutional and societal.MethodsUsing a mixed-methods approach, dropout patterns were traced, and a model was designed and validated using anonymized data from 17,328 students at a Colombian higher education institution offering face-to-face programs.ResultsResults from decision trees and survival analysis highlight the significance of economic and academic factors in increasing the risk of dropout and contributing to low graduation rates. It has been confirmed that the first two years of enrollment in the educational institution are crucial for the likelihood of dropout, and that extended time spent at the institution also increases the risk of dropout.DiscussionThe study highlights the dynamic complexity of student dropout and emphasizes the importance of continuously updating models by integrating diverse analysis techniques. Socioeconomic status and academic performance emerged as key factors, with a focus on students at intermediate levels.
Effects of probiotic supplementation on bone health in postmenopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Fang , Wei Wei , Liu Peng Ju 
Published: November 2024

ContextThe beneficial effects of probiotic supplementation on bone health in postmenopausal women require further validation.ObjectiveThis study systematically reviewed and conducted a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to assess the relationship between probiotic supplementation and changes in bone mineral density (BMD) and bone turnover markers (BTMs) among postmenopausal women.MethodsA systematic search was conducted across four databases to retrieve data on lumbar spine BMD, hip BMD, collagen type 1 cross-linked C-telopeptide (CTX), receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL), osteocalcin (OC), osteoprotegerin (OPG), N-terminal propeptide of type 1 procollagen (P1NP), and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP) in postmenopausal women. Eligible RCTs were quantitatively analyzed using random-effects meta-analyses. Additional analyses, including subgroup, sensitivity, and meta-regression analyses, were performed.ResultsTwelve RCTs involving 1183 postmenopausal women were included. Compared with the control group, postmenopausal women who received probiotic supplementation showed significantly greater BMD in both the lumbar spine (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 0.60, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.14 to 1.05) and the hip (SMD = 0.74, 95%CI 0.15 to 1.33). Additionally, probiotic supplementation was associated with reduced levels of CTX (SMD = -1.51, 95%CI -1.88 to -0.41) and BALP (SMD = -1.80, 95%CI -2.78 to -0.81). No significant differences were found between the probiotic and control groups in terms of other BTMs. Subgroup analyses revealed that the increase in BMD due to probiotic supplementation was more significant in postmenopausal women with osteopenia than in those with osteoporosis. The meta-analysis results for both lumbar spine and hip BMD remained robust after conducting sensitivity analyses and meta-regressions.ConclusionSupplementation with probiotics may increase BMD among postmenopausal women, with stronger evidence in women with osteopenia than osteoporosis. Further RCTs are suggested to confirm and refine these findings.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier CRD42024576764.
Evaluating health-related quality of life in Ethiopia: systematic review and meta-analysis of EQ-5D-based studies
Authors: Tarekegn Tenaw Baye , Gebrie Desye , Kassaw Abebe Tarekegn , Dagne Taye Abebe , Girmaw Fentaw , Ashagrie Getachew 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundHealth-related quality of life (HRQoL) is crucial for understanding how health conditions impact overall well-being. The EuroQol-5 Dimension (EQ-5D) is a widely used tool for measuring HRQoL across diseases. In Ethiopia, this tool has been employed to assess HRQoL across various healthcare settings. This study aims to summarize EQ-5D-derived health outcomes in Ethiopian populations and identify key determinants influencing these outcomes.MethodsA systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and Scopus was conducted through May 2024, with no publication date restrictions, focusing on HRQoL and EQ-5D instruments in Ethiopian populations. Grey literature searches were also performed using Google's Advanced Search. Cross-sectional studies across various diseases were included. Data were extracted by two independent reviewers, and pooled mean EQ-5D utility and EQ-5D visual analog scale (EQ-VAS) scores were calculated using a random-effects model in STATA software version 17. Study quality was evaluated using the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) checklist, and heterogeneity was assessed using the I² statistic.ResultsFourteen cross-sectional studies involving 5,639 patients from 2019 to 2024 in Ethiopia were analyzed. Health utility values varied across diseases, with pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression being the most commonly affected dimensions. The pooled EQ-5D utility for HIV patients was 0.88, and the EQ-VAS score was 76.59. For diabetes mellitus (DM) patients, the pooled utility was 0.78, and the EQ-VAS score was 69.36. For COVID-19 patients, the pooled utility was 0.86, and the EQ-VAS score was 74.56. Cancer patients had a pooled EQ-VAS score of 67.87.ConclusionThe EQ-5D is a reliable tool for measuring HRQoL in Ethiopian patients across various diseases. The study's pooled EQ-5D scores provide valuable insights for future economic evaluations in the Ethiopian healthcare system.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2024-085354, PROSPERO (CRD42024505028).
Prenatal detection of novel compound heterozygous variants of the PLD1 gene in a fetus with congenital heart disease
Authors: Zhu Linyan , Chen Mei , Shi Yubo , Huang Xiaxi , Ding Huiqing 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundCongenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common birth defect and heart valve defects are the most common cardiac defect, accounting for over 25% of all congenital heart diseases. To date, more than 400 genes have been linked to CHD, the genetic analysis of CHD cases is crucial for both clinical management and etiological determination. Patients with autosomal-recessive variants of PLD1 are predisposed to Cardiac Valvular Dysplasia-1 (CVDP1), which predominantly affects the right-sided heart valves, including the pulmonic, tricuspid, and mitral valves.MethodsDatabases were utilized to predict the impact of the c.1062-59A&gt;G variant on splicing. Whole-exome sequencing (WES), reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), Sanger sequencing, and TA clone sequencing were conducted on both the parents and the fetus.ResultsA compound heterozygous variation in the PLD1(NM_002662.5):c.1937G&gt;C (p. G646A) from the father and PLD1(NM_002662.5):c.1062-59A&gt;G from the mother, was identified and confirmed in the fetus. The c.1937G&gt;C (p. G646A) and the c.1062-59A&gt;G variants were all classified as variant of uncertain significance (VUS) per ACMG guidelines. RT-PCR and TA clone sequencing revealed a 76-bp intronic insertion and exon 11 skipping in the proband and her mother’s transcripts, causing a frameshift and premature stop codon in PLD1. Consequently, after being informed about the risks of their variant of unknown significance (VUS), the couple chose pre-implantation genetic testing for monogenic disorders (PGT-M) and had a healthy child.ConclusionOur study identified novel variants to expand the mutation spectrum of CHD and provided reliable evidence for the recurrent risk and reproductive care options.
Long-term efficacy and safety of dupilumab for moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis: a prospective real-world cohort study in China
Authors: Wang Yuyi , Jia Ruiling , Hu Qin , Tao Xiao , He Qi , Luo Guangying , Xiong Qiong , Zhang Zhongyu , Xiao Yujuan , Liu Yi 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundsDupilumab has demonstrated remarkable efficacy and safety in clinical trials for moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD). However, long-term real-world evidence, especially in the Chinese population, remains limited.ObjectiveTo investigate the long-term efficacy and safety of dupilumab for moderate-to-severe AD in a real-world clinical setting in China and analyze factors that may influence its long-term treatment outcomes.MethodsThis prospective, observational real-world study included moderate-to-severe AD patients from the AD cohort of the dermatology department of Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine who received dupilumab treatment for≥52 weeks. Efficacy and adverse events were assessed at baseline, weeks 4, 16, 24, and 52. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify predictive factors for achieving EASI 50 and EASI 75 at week 52.ResultsA total of 124 patients were included. At week 52, EASI, SCORAD, IGA, NRS, and DLQI scores were significantly improved compared to baseline. The proportions of patients achieving EASI-50/75 were 50.81%/29.84%, 72.58%/42.74%, 75%/53.23%, and 67.74%/41.94% at weeks 4, 16, 24 and 52, respectively. Female sex, absence of atopic comorbidities, higher baseline EASI, and medication compliance were positive predictive factors for 52-week EASI-50/75. Eosinophil elevation predicted lower EASI-50 attainment. Nineteen adverse events occurred during the 52-week period (incidence rate: 14.52%), mostly mild and manageable.ConclusionsDupilumab demonstrated significant efficacy and a low incidence of adverse events over 52 weeks in Chinese patients with moderate-to-severe AD, making it an effective and safe long-term treatment option. Predictive factors were identified to guide treatment optimization.