bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Specifics and Application of Wooden Constructions in the Agricultural Sector
Authors: Svajlenka Jozef , Kozlovska Maria , Posivakova Terezia 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Over recent years farming has undergone fundamental changes and many aspects of the industry, including farm buildings, have been transformed thereby. Modern farm buildings are large and as cheap and maintenance free as possible reflecting the need for better performance and greater efficiency. These modern buildings however are much larger than traditional buildings and are constructed of materials which are not only artificial and ‘foreign’ to the area but are also very light coloured. As a result, modern economic buildings are characterized by specific features as traditional construction. Response to this trend are the modern methods of construction based on wood offering effective procedures (design and implementation of construction), resulting in a larger volume of products (production), with higher quality and with shorter time of their purchase. The aim of this paper is to present selected aspects of agricultural construction and their application at present.
Estimation Road Surface Temperature Variation Using Commercial Vehicle Ambient Sensor
Authors: Yang Choongheon , Yun Dukgeun , Kim Jinguk , Shin Sungpil 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Road surface temperature is more important than ambient temperature in term of road safety during winter season. The conventional method to collect road surface temperature is to install Road Weather Station(RWS). However RWS can only collect spot information and could be costly. To enhance these problem, this study used the commercial vehicle ambient temperature(VAT) sensors can collect the pattern of air temperature along the road effectively and rapidly. Also the thermal mapping equipment was used to collect the road surface temperature(RST). After that, our research analysed the similarity of the patterns of road surface and ambient temperatures using correlation analysis. The result showed that the patterns of temperature variation collected from VAT sensors are statistically comparable to patterns of road surface temperature variation collected from a thermal mapping. In addition, this research developed a way to segment roadway based on variation in road surface temperature. This segmentation is useful to road authorities for managing the road and providing information based on road segmentation. Although VAT sensors do not provide highly accurate temperature readings, they can identify patterns of surface road temperature on roadway sections. This study found out that the VAT can be estimated the patterns of RST and could be replace the road weather station or thermal mapping system. This information can be used so that individual drivers, commercial vehicle and fleet operators and road authorities acquire critical real-time information on road conditions. Further, using these sensors instead of fixed sensors or thermal mapping can significantly reduce road maintenance costs. Also the result could be applied to the automated driving system to provide the road surface condition in the future.
Paving the Way to NZEB on two Historical Blocks in Lisbon Pombaline Quarter
Authors: Duarte Carlos , Morais Antonio 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The 1758 Lisbon Pombaline Quarter reconstruction plan is made of compact rectangular shaped residential blocks, built with a system that complies solid mass construction elements with a light wooden structure. If we take into consideration both constructive and architectural inherent features of the original Pombaline block, it shows the potential to achieve NZEB level if an energy retrofit strategy at a block scale is implemented, instead of the usual single building or fraction approach. The retrofit of historic buildings has raised questions regarding interventions depth and efficiency, as the impact on the built heritage value has to be residual or null while energy-related improvements must be noticeable. With this in mind, this paper intends to analyse and compare the result on energy demand and primary energy consumption of passive, active and BIST/PV systems packages implementation on two original blocks, with the challenge of minimizing the impact on case studies appearance. A Building Energy Simulation methodology is applied using the whole-of-building dynamic simulation software EnergyPlus. The results show that exterior envelope improvements can reduce up to 50% heating and cooling energy demands increasing thermal comfort at the same time. Finally, a combined VRF/Biomass heating solution display the best results on primary energy consumption while photovoltaic and solar thermal systems proved to have an essential role to achieve NZEB performance.
Sustainable Conservation of Cultural Landscape and Changing Values around Haci Bayram Mosque and Augustus Temple, Ankara, Turkey
Authors: Aytekin Oznur 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Urban transformation is the overall strategy and action set out to improve the physical, economic, social and environmental conditions of an urban space with comprehensive and integrated approaches, taking into account urban issues and needs. Urban design and transformation is that of understanding or application in the multi-dimensionality of the projected core reason of the actors present in the urban renewal applications. In Ankara, Ulus Historic Center, since the past ten years, Urban Regeneration and Urban Renewal expressions and applications affect the content and the legal platform of protection of cultural heritage areas. Through this development, conservation based improvement approach that evaluated in “Urban Revitalization” and the Renewal approach that prefered for cultural heritage areas which become dilapidated urban tissues interfere with each other. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the Ankara, “Sustainable Conservation of Cultural Landscape And Changing Values Around Haci Bayram Mosque And Augustus Temple” in the context of “Sustainable Historic Environment Protection” around Ulus Historical Center. Historical and cultural memory loss has occurred with applications such as demolition of facade structures facing the Haci Bayram Mosque, enlargement of the last community place of the glass, construction of women parth underneath, construction of multi-storey car park by digging the mound, and filling the periphery with false historical artifacts.
The Students’ Competition for the Interior Design of Paediatric Department of the City Hospital: Methodology of a Pre-Design Research and Project Describing
Authors: Winnicka-Jaslowska Dorota 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The following article presents a manner of conducting academic competitions as an example of a cooperation formed between a university and public institutions in the scope of the process of education. The academic competition for the internal design and visual identification of the WSS paediatric ward in Rybnik, carried out in April 2018 at the Faculty of Architecture of the Silesian University of Technology in Gliwice came into existence as a result of cooperation between the Specialist Hospital in Rybnik and the Faculty of Architecture at the Silesian University of Silesia. The Competition was organized by employees: the head of the paediatric department, the hospital’s management and the representatives of the Faculty of Architecture under the leadership of Assoc.Prof. Dr. Eng. Arch. Dorota Winnicka-Jasłowska (Vice Dean for Student Affairs at the Faculty of Architecture, Silesian University of Technology - an initiator of the competition and the main organizer). The design task was to devise a conception for the interior as well as prepare visual information for the paediatric department which must be subject to renovation. Actions connected with the organization of the competition, described in the article, as well as the presentation of the final effects are an example of diversified initiatives: on the one hand, they are the result of a cooperation struck between the university and the social surrounding (in this case the health care facility), on the other hand, they constitute an exchange of experiences between students who major in architecture and interior design and the participants coming from the designed space – employees of the paediatric department. Assumptions of the competition gave character to the actions completed by the students, with extra importance attached to skills in team work as well as acquisition of knowledge on user preferences as well as their functional abilities. In the case of designs made for users such as children, this is of key importance in the making of a user friendly space.
The Proposal of Determining the Focal Length of a Non-Metric Digital Camera for UAV
Authors: Hlotov Volodymyr , Marusazh Khrystyna , Siejka Zbigniew 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle - UAV, commonly referred to as drones are vehicles unique in the field of mechanics that can fly in the air without a human operator on board. In recent years, they have become a new interdisciplinary area of science and research. Because they combine photogrammetry, aviation engineering, navigation and automation. Modern UAVs are synchronized with GNSS signals and are remotely piloted or carry out autonomous flights. They can simultaneously perform very complex operations for the implementation of many different civil and military tasks. Currently, drones play an increasingly important role in the modern battlefield and are therefore included in the equipment of all modern world armies. They also find a great potential in civil applications. They are used in many fields of economy, technology and science. Acquiring geoinformation from unmanned aerial vehicles is currently used in the work of many services related to the functioning of the state. In the geomatics, the UAV platforms equipped with specialized sensors, are used to acquire images and photogrammetric and remote sensing data. Photogrammetric projections made by UAV are currently used to generate orthophotomaps, among others for the needs of cadastre. As we know, cadastral measurements, due to their importance, require high accuracy and reliability. They can only be guaranteed by correctly and precisely determined calibration parameters of non-metric cameras. The paper presents a method of determination of the focal length, of a digital non-metric photogrammetric camera. The experimental tests carried out confirmed the usefulness of the proposed calibration method carried out in laboratory conditions.
Base isolation fibre-reinforced composite bearings using recycled rubber
Authors: Sengsri Pasakorn , Rosaria Marsico Maria , Kaewunruen Sakdirat 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
In the past few years, there have been a number of previous researches on the rubber isolators for resisting earthquakes. A typical bearing consists of natural rubber sheets and bonded to steel plates. For an application of using rubber bearings, numerous isolated buildings have been constructed to resist an earthquake across the countries which experience earthquakes over decades. Another application might be used in the bridge structures of railways and highways, in order to suppress vibrations and dynamic actions. The key idea is to use rubber isolators attached beneath the superstructures for attenuating the damage potential of seismic responses. This means that the rubber provides the isolators flexible in the horizontal direction and the steel makes them strong in the vertical direction. Anyways, most bearings are made of natural rubber or synthetic compound. These materials are costly and cannot be durable over time. This paper aims to develop a new design of bearing using recycled materials and fibre reinforcement. The concept is to design two models using the finite element method (FEM) as a square and circular shape for the investigation into the static and dynamic behaviour. Through, the finite element method will be conducted to evaluate structural response and effectiveness of the novel low-cost bearing. Bearing models from the analytical method based on the theory are verified by the FEM. The overall results show that the fibre square model is less effective than the fibre circular model due to the different shape factors, S. The outcome of this project will help to enable more eco-friendly bearing materials for structural, highway and railway engineers. However, a further study of designing recycled rubber bearings with the fibre-reinforced polymer should be carried out by experimental tests. The study should be also compared with the performance between the fibre and steel bearing model, in order to verify the models created by FEA more effectively.
Vertical Gardens in High-Rise Buildings – Modern Form of Green Building Technology
Authors: Golasz-Szolomicka Hanna , Szolomicki Jerzy 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
This paper presents the analysis of vertical gardens in selected high-rise buildings located on different continents as an example of the most popular greenery system in contemporary architecture. High-rise buildings designed in the form of vertical garden, use the urban space more effectively and at the same time create a friendlier environment for their residents. In developing large metropolises, these buildings constitute a very important element in design which compensates for the lack of green areas. The first vertical gardens in the form of a system of green walls in buildings were created in the late 30s of the twentieth century. Their inventor was Stanley Hart White. However, a professor of Landscape Architecture at the University of Illinois. However, in tall buildings, these gardens were begun by Patric Blanc in 1994, and then continued by Stefan Boeri. With the development of green wall technology, two general systems have appeared: green walls and living walls. Many of the studies conducted in the world have shown significant environmental and social benefits from the use of vertical gardens in high-rise buildings, despite their significant economic costs. In the presented paper, the green wall system has been characterized on the example of some high-rise buildings, pointing at the determination of benefits from their occurrence in the urban scale as well in the scale of the building.
Road safety in Poland Three Years After Limiting the Number of Speed Controls
Authors: Chmielewski Jacek 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Road safety is one of the key elements of every citizen’s life. Every day journeys connected with professional and educational activity force us to do a trip, and this leads to inevitable conflicts between road users. One of the basic methods of assessing the state of road safety, and the effects of legal, educational and infrastructural activities of authorities, are the results of road incidents analyses, accidents and collisions, as well as the effects of these activities in previous years. Police databases carried out in most countries on a continuous basis, store records of road incidents in which Police officers intervened. Undoubtedly the speed is one of the most important element affecting the number and consequences of road incidents. High speed reduces the time necessary for the driver to react correctly to the traffic situation. The high speed increases the momentum, and thus the effects of road accidents. Changes in the scope of speed control of vehicles in Poland, including those entitled to do it, introduced 3 years ago, could significantly affect the state of road safety in Poland, on the network of urban and non-urban roads. This paper presents the results of road safety analyses for both nationally and more locally road networks - for the biggest cities in Poland. Based on the analysis of data from the Police’s database records, it has been shown that since the introduction of legal changes, the number of road incidents on the road network has increased significantly. It also indicates unfavourable trends in the area of road safety in cities. Based on the above analyses the need for action to introduce a new program for road safety improvement, especially at the level of urban areas, is indicated.
Process for The Parameterization of a Soil Erosion Model Based on a Small Rainfall Simulator
Authors: Nemetova Zuzana , Danacova Michaela 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Soil erosion due to water is an extensive problem in many countries, especially accelerated erosion, where the natural rate has significantly increased in the most recent period. Its extent impacts on land management practices and is the main factor causing soil degradation. Rainfall simulators are very popular as a standard instrument to conduct research on topics such as soil erosion, infiltration or surface runoff. They are used in laboratory or field experiments in erosion studies to assess the impacts of changes in the tillage management with regard to the erodibility of soil. Results of the experiments can be used in the modelling of surface runoff and sediment transport by hydrological models. This study presents the results of experimental measurements of surface runoff made by an artificial rainfall on an experimental plot. The artificial rainfall was generated using a small rainfall simulator, which allows changes in rainfall intensity and duration. The object of this study was analysed after the surface runoff occurred and the weight of the soil particles was transported from the experimental plot. These results have been used to determine the soil input parameters for the physically-based EROSION-2D model and for the verification of the model parameters. The EROSION-2D model represents a physically and event-based approach for the prediction of soil loss and runoff. The model only requires eight soil input parameters. Some of those parameters can be easily obtained by classic and widely-used methods (soil analyses, terrain measurements, soil map evaluations), and other parameters can be determined from rainfall experiments which represent the main aim of the study. The rainfall intensity has been set at 5 mm/min with 20 minutes of simulated rain, and it corresponded to an intensity with a return period of 100 years. During the experiment a continuous course of the surface runoff and soil moisture was recorded. The results from the simulations were applied to simulate the soil erosion processes in the physically-based EROSION-2D model. For the parametrization of the model, artificial rainfall events were used with an intensity of 2.7 mm/min and rain durations of 12 and 13 minutes. The parametrization of such models represents a necessary and significant part of any scientific work. The experimental results show that outputs from the rainfall simulations can be reproduced successfully, and, based on the results, the process of determining the model´s parameters can be successfully performed.
The Impact of Bitumen Roofing Production Waste (BTw) on Physical Mechanical Properties of Concrete
Authors: Vaiciene Marija , Malaiskiene Jurgita , Mobili Alessandra , Tittarelli Francesca 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
This article presents how concrete properties would change if part of a coarse aggregate (granite crushed stone) were replaced with bitumen roofing production waste (BTw). BTw is a huge ecological problem because these wastes are generated in large quantities when replacing old bitumen-based roof tiles. Wastes are also produced during the production of bituminous roof coatings. Usually BTw are stored in landfills or it is attempted to use/dispose them in the production of asphalt concrete. There are very few works which analyse the impact of BTw on the properties of cement materials, although the impact of these wastes on the properties of cement materials could be beneficial because BTw consist of aggregate, granules, bitumen and fibers. In order to use BTw, standard concrete samples were first formed, then 5/16 granite fraction was replaced with BTw in amounts of 2%, 4% and 6% by weight The amounts of limestone Portland cement, fine aggregate (sand), water and superplasticizer in the concrete mixtures were constant. The new generation of superplasticizer based on polycarboxylates was used in mixtures. The following concrete properties were identified and analyzed: density of the mixture, flowability, density of concrete samples, water absorption, compressive strength, forecasted frost resistance, and microstructure studies were conducted as well. The results of the studies showed that BTw can be used in small amounts, i. e. up to 6%, then the density of the samples slightly decreased (by 2.4%) and water absorption increased (by 0.7%). Compressive strength, after replacing 2% granite crushed stone, decreased by 2.4%. However, gradual addition of the amount of BTw resulted in more closed pores that improved the frost resistance of the concrete. When 6% of bulk filler was replaced with BTw, closed porosity, compared to control samples, increased by 54% and forecasted frost resistance - by 26%. Microstructure analysis showed that with 6% BTw a dense cement stone structure was formed, showing the hydrates of portlandite and CSH.
Consideration of Soil Temperature in the Modeling of Early-Age Mass Concrete Slab
Authors: Zmij Aneta , Klemczak Barbara , Azenha Miguel , Schlicke Dirk 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Modeling the structural behavior of concrete at early ages is one of the most challenging, yet fundamental, tasks for civil engineers working on mass concrete. To obtain a reasonably accurate model, a number of factors should be taken into account. Considerations should include both external influences as well as the changes occurring in the complex structure itself. The modeling of an early-age concrete massive slab requires the proper assignment of initial conditions, including the initial temperature of the analyzed element and the adjacent structures. The temperature distribution in the subsoil is the factor analyzed in this paper. The aim of the study is the determination of the temperature distribution in the ground, which is useful in the process related to the acquisition of the most accurate model of the analyzed structure and reflects the actual conditions in the numerical model. For this purpose, the analytical method described in the literature was applied and subsequently evaluated on the basis of the numerical calculation. The performed calculations allow the estimation of the depth representing the range of the influence of the temperature in the ground and the values of the temperatures corresponding to the successive layers of the subsoil. Moreover, aiming the optimization of the numerical analysis of the massive foundation slab, the legitimacy of such detailed consideration of the temperature development in the underlying subsoil was evaluated by the comparison with the temperature distribution in the slab obtained with simplified consideration of the constant soil temperature.