bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
IL‐25 promotes cisplatin resistance of lung cancer cells by activating NF‐κB signaling pathway to increase of major vault protein
Authors: Shen Weiming , Qiu Yang , Li Jingyao , Wu Chao , Liu Zhihui , Zhang Xiaorong , Hu Xiaohong , Liao Yi , Wang Haidong 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAs an inflammatory factor, IL‐25 has been studied in variouscancers, but it is rarely reported in cancer chemotherapy resistance. Major vault protein (MVP), as a gene associated with lung multidrug resistance, is associated with multiple chemotherapy resistances of lung cancer. However, the relationship between IL‐25 and MVP in lung cancer cells has not been studied. In this study, we found that both IL‐25 and MVP were elevated expressed in cisplatin‐resistant lung adenocarcinoma cell line (A549/CDDP). Silencing of IL‐25 resulted in down‐regulation of MVP expression and reduced cisplatin tolerance of A549/CDDP cells. Overexpression of IL‐25 resulted in increase of MVP expression and the cisplatin tolerance in A549 cells. In addition, we found that the extracellular IL‐25 could stimulate the expression of MVP and activate the NF‐κB signaling pathway. Further, animal models also confirmed that IL‐25 reduced the sensitivity of xenografts to chemotherapy. Taken together, we believe that the up‐regulation of IL‐25 induces MVP expression contributing to chemotherapy resistances of lung cancer cells. Our findings suggest that interference the expression of IL‐25 might be potential treatment strategies for the clinical reversing the chemotherapy resistance.
Philicity of Acetonyl and Benzoyl Radicals: A Comparative Experimental and Computational Study
Authors: Verschueren Rik H. , Schmauck Julie , Perryman Michael S. , Yue Hui‐Lan , Riegger Julian , Schweitzer‐Chaput Bertrand , Breugst Martin , Klussmann Martin 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIn this work, the reactivities of acetonyl and benzoyl radicals in aromatic substitution and addition reactions have been compared in an experimental and computational study. The results show that acetonyl is more electrophilic than benzoyl, which is rather nucleophilic. A Hammett plot analysis of the addition reactions of the two radicals to substituted styrenes clearly support the nucleophilicity of benzoyl, but in the case of acetonyl, no satisfactory linear correlation with a single substituent‐related parameter was found. Computational calculations helped to rationalize this effect, and a good linear correlation was found with a combination of polar parameters (σ+) and the radical stabilization energies of the formed intermediates. Based on the calculated philicity indices for benzoyl and acetonyl, a quantitative comparison of these two radicals with many other reported radicals is possible, which may help to predict the reactivities of other aromatic radical substitution reactions.
Sequence and Structure of Peptoid Oligomers Can Tune the Photoluminescence of an Embedded Ruthenium Dye
Authors: Zborovsky Lieby , Tigger‐Zaborov Hagar , Maayan Galia 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe understanding of structure–function relationships within synthetic biomimetic systems is a fundamental challenge in chemistry. Herein we report the direct correlation between the structure of short peptoid ligands—N‐substituted glycine oligomers incorporating 2,2′‐bipyridine groups—varied in their monomer sequence, and the photoluminescence of RuII centers coordinated by these ligands. Based on circular dichroism and fluorescence spectroscopy we demonstrate that while helical peptoids do not affect the fluorescence of the embedded RuII chromophore, unstructured peptoids lead to its significant decay. Transmittance electron microscopy (TEM) revealed significant differences in the arrangements of metal‐bound helical versus unstructured peptoids, suggesting that only the latter can have through‐space interactions with the ruthenium dye leading to its quenching. High‐resolution TEM enabled the remarkable direct imaging of singular ruthenium‐bound peptoids and bundles, supporting our explanation for structure‐depended quenching. Moreover, this correlation allowed us to fine‐tune the luminescence properties of the complexes simply by modifying the sequence of their peptoid ligands. Finally, we also describe the chiral properties of these Ru–peptoids and demonstrate that remote chiral induction from the peptoids backbone to the ruthenium center is only possible when the peptoids are both chiral and helical.
How do electronic substituent effects work? – Additional contrasting cases for a differentiated inquiry illustrated by the example of alkaline ester hydrolysis
Authors: Trabert Andreas , Schween Michael 
Published: May 2019

AbstractDer Einfluss elektronischer Substituenteneffekte auf den Verlauf von Reaktionen ist für Studierende insbesondere dann schwer vorhersagbar, wenn mehrere Effekte einander überlagern und/oder geringfügige strukturelle Variationen zu einem deutlich veränderten Reaktionsverhalten führen. Fachgerechte Erklärungen bieten in diesem Zusammenhang nur detaillierte Analysen vorliegender Struktur‐Reaktivitäts‐Beziehungen. Zum Erlernen entsprechender Erklärungsstrategien haben wir bereits eine Lerngelegenheit für Studierende des gymnasialen Lehramts publiziert, die einen innovativen Zugang zur Wirkungsweise elektronischer Substituenteneffekte am Modellbeispiel der alkalischen Hydrolyse substituierter Benzoesäureethylester eröffnet. Deren Fokus ist bislang auf die Wirkungsweise mesomerer Effekte gerichtet. Mit diesem Beitrag ergänzen wir das vorliegende Reaktionssystem um drei neue Contrasting‐Case‐Sets (CC‐Sets) zur Wirkungsweise induktiver Effekte sowie zur Stellungsabhängigkeit mesomerer und induktiver Effekte. Diese ermöglichen es, weitere Facetten elektronischer Substituenteneffekte entlang eines Compare‐Predict‐Observe‐Explain‐Zyklus (CPOE) differenziert zu erarbeiten. Die zusätzlichen CC‐Sets können nahtlos in das didaktische Konzept der Lerngelegenheit integriert werden und schaffen eine Grundlage für die sukzessive Vertiefung des Verständnisses elektronischer Substituenteneffekte.
Bromine water without bromat
Authors: Proske Wolfgang , Werner Elisabeth , Friedrich Jens 
Published: May 2019

AbstractDurch die Einstufung von Natriumbromat als krebserzeugende Substanz ist der Umgang mit diesem Stoff in der Schule verboten (RISU 2018). Das betrifft auch die Bromat‐Bromid‐Lösung. Da sich aber die Herstellung von Bromwasser aus dieser Lösung in der Schulpraxis etabliert hat, mussten kurzfristig Alternativen entwickelt werden. Als Oxidationsmittel wurden Natriumhypochlorit‐Lösung (Chlorbleichlauge) und Wasserstoffperoxid‐Lösung erprobt. Es wird gezeigt, dass die bisher üblichen Experimente mit dem so erhaltenem Bromwasser aus schwefelsaurer Kaliumbromid‐Lösung und Natriumhypochlorit‐Lösung hervorragend gelingen. Die Bereitstellung von erprobten Versuchsvorschriften ist ein wichtiger Baustein, um das Niveau des experimentellen Chemieunterrichtes zu erhalten.
Three‐plane description of astroglial populations of OVLT subdivisions in rat: Tanycyte connections to distant parts of third ventricle
Authors: Kálmán Mihály , Oszwald Erzsébet , Pócsai Károly 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThis study demonstrates glial and gliovascular markers of organon vasculosum laminae terminalis (OVLT) in three planes. The distribution of glial markers displayed similarities to the subfornical organ. There was an inner part with vimentin‐ and nestin‐immunopositive glia whereas GFAP and the water‐channel aquaporin 4 were found at the periphery. This separation indicates different functions of the two regions. The presence of nestin may indicate stem cell‐capabilities whereas aquaporin 4 has been reported to promote the osmoreceptor function. Glutamine synthetase immunoreactivity was sparse like in the area postrema and subfornical organ. The laminin and β‐dystroglycan immunolabelings altered along the vessels such as in the subfornical organ indicating altering gliovascular relations. The different subdivisions of OVLT received glial processes of different origins. The posterior periventricular zone contained short vimentin‐immunopositive processes from the ependyma of the adjacent surface of the third ventricle. The lateral periventricular zone received forceps‐like process systems from the anterolateral part of the third ventricle. Most interestingly, the “dorsal cap” received a mixed group of long GFAP‐ and vimentin‐immunopositive processes from a distant part of the third ventricle. The processes may have two functions: a guidance for newly produced cells like radial glia in immature brain and/or a connection between distant parts of the third ventricle and OVLT.
Robust multi‐user detection based on hybrid Grey wolf optimization
Authors: Sun Xiyan , Fan Zhuo , Ji Yuanfa , Wang Shouhua , Yan Suqing , Wu Sunyong , Fu Qiang , Ghazali Kamarul Hawari 
Published: May 2019

SummaryThe search for an effective nature‐inspired optimization technique has certainly continued for decades. This work proposes a novel robust multi‐user detection algorithm based on Grey wolf optimization and differential evolution algorithm to overcome the problem of high bit error rate (BER) in multi‐user detection under an impulse noise environment. The simulation results show that the iteration times of the multi‐user detector based on the proposed algorithm is less than those of genetic algorithm, differential evolution algorithm, Grey wolf optimization algorithm, salp swarm algorithm, grasshopper optimisation algorithm, and whale optimization algorithm with the lowerst BER value.
Understanding the Photocatalytic Properties of Pt/CeOx/TiO2: Structural Effects on Electronic and Optical Properties
Authors: Plata J. J. , Remesal E. R. , Graciani Jesús , Márquez A. M. , Rodríguez J. A. , Sanz Javier Fernández 
Published: May 2019

AbstractCeria‐titania interfaces play a crucial role in different chemical processes but are especially promising for the photocatalytic splitting of water using light in the visible wavelength region when Pt is added to the system. However, the complexity of this hierarchical structure hampers the study of the origin of its outstanding properties. In this article, the structural, electronic and optoelectronic properties of CeO2/TiO2 systems containing 1D, 2D, and 3D particles of ceria are analyzed by means of density functional calculations. Adsorption sites and vacancy effects have been studied to model Pt adsorption. Density of states calculations and absorption spectra simulations explain the behavior of these systems. Finally, these models are used for the screening of other metals that can be combined with this heterostructure to potentially find more efficient water splitting photocatalysts.
Does the stock market value corporate environmental performance? Some perils of static regression models
Authors: Endo Kazumi 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIntangible assets not only help firms gain competitive advantages but also enable such advantages to persist when firms are not subject to imitation. Given that expenditure on environmental practices is a part of intangible assets, the absence of a dynamic perspective is a major impediment to the further development of the empirical economics of management. By exploiting fine‐grained measures of research and development assets and patent citations, this study isolates the value‐creating effect of corporate environmental performance through a dynamic lens. Using data from a balanced panel of Japanese manufacturing firms, a positive relationship between corporate environmental performance and firm value is observed even after addressing endogeneity. However, this relationship becomes statistically insignificant once dynamic panel data models are used to control for profit persistence. The results suggest that the use of static regression models can lead to the premature conclusion that it pays to be “green.”
Radiation performance improvement of wideband microstrip antenna array using wideband AMC structure
Authors: Simruni Mojtaba , Jam Shahrokh 
Published: May 2019

SummaryIn this paper, the radiation performance of an antenna array is improved by designing a new wideband artificial magnetic conductor (AMC). The proposed AMC surface operates at the frequency of 3 GHz with ±90° reflection phase bandwidth of 22%. In order to identify the key design parameters of the AMC structure, a parametric study is performed. To improve the radiation performance of the antenna array, an AMC reflector is developed through utilizing an array of 2 × 8 periodic patches of AMC unit cells. By this technique, the front to back ratio of the designed antenna array is enhanced about 16.27 dB. It is concluded that tuning of the AMC dimensions for controlling the reflection coefficient at each port of antenna array during beam steering is necessary. Because of the using of the AMC surfaces as a reflector instead of conventional PEC surfaces, size reduction of the antenna array in the order of 20% is achieved. In this study, a circuit model for single element of the antenna array with considering AMC loading effect is introduced, which predicts the bandwidth behaviour of the proposed antenna. The final designed antenna array exhibits low level of cross polarization making it well‐suited for tracking radars and electronic warfare applications. The proposed antenna with the AMC reflector is fabricated and measured. The measured −10 dB impedance bandwidth and peak gain of the proposed antenna is 20% (2.7‐3.25 GHz) and 13.4 dBi, respectively, which are compatible with the simulation results.
Quantitative Proteomics of Presynaptic Mitochondria Reveal an Overexpression and Biological Relevance of Neuronal MitoNEET in Postnatal Brain Development
Authors: Stauch Kelly L. , Villeneuve Lance M. , Totusek Steven , Lamberty Benjamin , Ciborowski Pawel , Fox Howard S. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAlthough it has been recognized that energy metabolism and mitochondrial structure and functional activity in the immature brain differs from that of the adult, few studies have examined mitochondria specifically at the neuronal synapse during postnatal brain development. In this study, we examined the presynaptic mitochondrial proteome in mice at postnatal day 7 and 42, a period that involves the formation and maturation of synapses. Application of two independent quantitative proteomics approaches – SWATH‐MS and super‐SILAC – revealed a total of 40 proteins as significantly differentially expressed in the presynaptic mitochondria. In addition to elevated levels of proteins known to be involved in ATP metabolic processes, our results identified increased levels of mitoNEET (Cisd1), an iron‐sulfur containing protein that regulates mitochondrial bioenergetics. We found that mitoNEET overexpression plays a cell‐type specific role in ATP synthesis and in neuronal cells promotes ATP generation. The elevated ATP levels in SH‐SY5Y neuroblastoma cells were associated with increased mitochondrial membrane potential and a fragmented mitochondrial network, further supporting a role for mitoNEET as a key regulator of mitochondrial function.
Climate change and European rivers: An eco‐hydromorphological perspective
Authors: O'Briain Rossa 
Published: May 2019

AbstractClimate change is expected to modify temperature and precipitation patterns throughout Europe, leading to warmer drier summers; wetter, milder winters; and an extended growing season. Alterations to feedbacks between important eco‐physical structuring processes driven by climate change may modulate river morphology, floodplain characteristics, and their biological communities. Current understanding is reviewed and synthesised to explore the potential responses, mechanisms, and ramifications of climatic shifts for the European riverscape. Fundamental drivers of change are expected to be (a) disturbance deviation beyond the historical norm and (b) vegetation morphodynamics, a key river process where ecological and fluvial‐geomorphological attributes interact to shape the physical environment. Increased seasonal temperature, summer drought, and winter flooding may affect the colonisation, growth, and mortality of plant species with consequences for riverscape structure and function as succession patterns adjust with repercussions for hydraulics and sediment dynamics. Such opposing winter and summer climate regimes are likely to impact vegetation patch dynamics, reflected in an increasingly variable patch mosaic as disturbance intensity deviates further from historical background conditions. How changes to climate drivers manifest themselves in individual river systems will also be affected by attributes such as catchment topography, geology, vegetation type, and previous human alterations. Where large scale change occurs, it will have consequences for the type and function of biological communities inhabiting the riverscape. Conventional engineering responses to meteorological disturbance will amplify the effect on river biota by reducing their ecological resilience, highlighting the need for a management response that integrates ecological and societal benefits simultaneously.
Shrub abundance contributes to shifts in dissolved organic carbon concentration and chemistry in a continental bog exposed to drainage and warming
Authors: Strack Maria , Munir Tariq M. , Khadka Bhupesh 
Published: May 2019

AbstractNorthern peatlands are globally significant soil carbon sinks but contribute a significant amount of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) to streams. Climate change driven warming and drying will likely alter peatland DOC dynamics; however, few field studies have quantified the individual and interactive effects of temperature and moisture changes. Using a full factorial water table (control, drained 2 years [experimental], drained 12 years [drained]) × warming (ambient, open‐top chamber warming) × microform (hummock, hollow) study design, we monitored DOC concentration and spectrophotometric properties (specific ultraviolet absorbance [SUVA], E2/E3, E4/E6) in a wooded boreal bog in Alberta, Canada. Ecohydrological conditions including water table (WT), soil temperature, plant cover, biomass, and productivity were also measured at each plot. We observed a significant interaction between WT treatment, warming and microform for explaining variation in DOC concentrations, with the highest values at drained, warmed hummocks. Overall, drainage resulted in higher DOC concentration. DOC concentration and E2/E3 increased, whereas SUVA decreased, in response to greater plant productivity (i.e., more negative values of gross ecosystem photosynthesis). For DOC concentration and SUVA, this correlation was largely driven by drained, warmed hummocks where shrub growth increased. Moreover, redundancy analysis indicated that shrub and lichen cover, along with WT and soil temperature, were important for explaining variation in DOC concentration and quality. The results indicate that, although DOC concentrations in peatlands are likely to increase under climate change, much of this increase may be from recent carbon fixation, suggesting more rapid carbon cycling as opposed to destabilization of existing carbon stocks.
Governing for sustainability: How research on large and complex systems can inform governance and institutional theory
Authors: Sjöstedt Martin 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThis article takes its point of departure in the rapidly expanding field of research focusing on governance of large and complex systems and argues that this research should more explicitly recognize ongoing theoretical debates within contemporary and more mainstream governance research in order to fulfill all of its potential. This includes explicitly recognizing the fundamental and inherently political nature of governance as well as the potential contributions to be made from incorporating more of institutional theory in governance research. In addition, the article shows how research on large, complex systems can inform existing research on governance and institutional theory. Recent research on governance of large and complex systems could, for example, help governance research regain its relevance by explicitly focusing on the “big questions.” Focusing on large and complex systems is certainly of paramount real‐world importance, but it also highlights theoretical and empirical puzzles at the core of traditional disciplines such as political science or economics. Finally, the explicit systems perspective with its focus on nonlinearity and limited predictability could also help institutional theory move away from its underlying assumptions about functionalism and voluntarism and could, as such, contribute to existing research on institutional creation, reproduction, and change.
Intra‐couple similarity in dyadic coping and partners’ adjustment to the birth of a child
Authors: Alves Stephanie , Fonseca Ana , Canavarro Maria Cristina , Pereira Marco 
Published: May 2019

AbstractUnlike individual perceptions of a couple's functioning, couple‐level protective factors against poor adjustment to the birth of a child have rarely been studied. This study examined similarity or reciprocal exchanges in dyadic coping (DC) during pregnancy (T1) and at 6 weeks postpartum (T2) and its associations with both partners’ adjustment at 6–9 months postpartum (T3). Ninety‐two Portuguese couples provided data on DC, internalizing symptoms, dyadic adjustment and parenting stress. An individual's perceived similarity at T1 positively predicted his or her own internalizing symptoms at T3. One partner's perceived similarity at T2 negatively predicted the other partner's internalizing symptoms and parenting stress at T3. These associations controlled for stereotype effects (i.e., similarity due to shared cultural norms and values). Both partners’ adjustment seems to benefit from unique similarity within the couple after childbirth, while complementarity in DC during pregnancy appears to be more beneficial in the long term. Our findings suggest important refinements to DC‐based interventions already aimed to promote similarity in DC.
Experimental beyond design and residual performances of full‐scale viscoelastic dampers and their empirical modeling
Authors: Wang Shiang‐Jung , Chiu I‐Chen , Yu Chung‐Han , Zhang Qun‐Ying , Chang Kuo‐Chun 
Published: May 2019

SummaryMost past researches relevant to viscoelastic (VE) dampers, regardless of analytical and experimental ones, aimed at their design (or pre‐damage) performance. In reality, however, under maximum considered or greater shaking caused by earthquakes, the shear deformation of the VE dampers installed in a structure may exceed or is even much larger than their nominal design range, thus leading to damage to the VE material. Under this circumstance, the structural design might become not conservative when the viscoelastically damped structure is a retrofit design or is not a supplemental damping design. Therefore, in this study, the beyond design and residual performances of the full‐scale VE dampers after suffering damage are experimentally probed and compared with their design (or pre‐damage) performance tested before. To have more engineering sense in practice, some suitable and conservative empirical post‐damage models through considering reduction factors in the Kelvin‐Voigt model for assessing the beyond design and residual performances of the full‐scale VE dampers after suffering damage are recommended.