bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low Levels of Alcohol Consumption, Obesity, and Development of Fatty Liver With and Without Evidence of Advanced Fibrosis
Authors: Chang Yoosoo , Ryu Seungho , Kim Yejin , Cho Yong Kyun , Sung Eunju , Kim Han‐Na , Ahn Jiin , Jung Hyun‐Suk , Yun Kyung Eun , Kim Seolhye , Sung Ki‐Chul , Sohn Chong Il , Shin Hocheol , Wild Sarah H. , Byrne Christopher D. 
Published: July 2019

Background and Aims
The effects of low‐level alcohol consumption on fatty liver disease and the potential for effect modification by obesity is uncertain. We investigated associations among low‐level alcohol consumption, obesity status, and the development of incident hepatic steatosis (HS), either with or without an increase in noninvasive liver fibrosis score category (from low to intermediate or high category).

Approach and Results
A total of 190,048 adults without HS and a low probability of fibrosis with alcohol consumption less than 30 g/day (men) and less than 20 g/day (women) were followed for up to 15.7 years. Alcohol categories of no, light, and moderate consumption were defined as 0, 1‐9.9, and 10‐29.9 g/day (10‐19.9 g/day for women), respectively. HS was diagnosed by ultrasonography, and the probability of fibrosis was estimated using the fibrosis‐4 index (FIB‐4). Parametric proportional hazards models were used to estimate multivariable‐adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). A total of 43,466 participants developed HS, 2,983 of whom developed HS with an increase in FIB‐4 index (to intermediate or high scores). Comparing light drinkers and moderate drinkers with nondrinkers, multivariable‐adjusted HRs (95% CI) for incident HS were 0.93 (0.90‐0.95) and 0.90 (0.87‐0.92), respectively. In contrast, comparing light drinkers and moderate drinkers with nondrinkers, multivariable‐adjusted HRs (95% CI) for developing HS plus intermediate/high FIB‐4 were 1.15 (1.04‐1.27) and 1.49 (1.33‐1.66), respectively. The association between alcohol consumption categories and incident HS plus intermediate/high FIB‐4 was observed in both nonobese and obese individuals, although the association was stronger in nonobese individuals (P for interaction by obesity = 0.017).

Conclusions
Light/moderate alcohol consumption has differential effects on the development of different stages of fatty liver disease, which is modified by the presence of obesity.
Episodic memory: Neuronal codes for what, where, and when
Authors: Sugar Jørgen , Moser May‐Britt 
Published: July 2019

AbstractEpisodic memory is defined as the ability to recall events in a spatiotemporal context. Formation of such memories is critically dependent on the hippocampal formation and its inputs from the entorhinal cortex. To be able to support the formation of episodic memories, entorhinal cortex and hippocampal formation should contain a neuronal code that follows several requirements. First, the code should include information about position of the agent (“where”), sequence of events (“when”), and the content of the experience itself (“what”). Second, the code should arise instantly thereby being able to support memory formation of one‐shot experiences. For successful encoding and to avoid interference between memories during recall, variations in location, time, or in content of experience should result in unique ensemble activity. Finally, the code should capture several different resolutions of experience so that the necessary details relevant for future memory‐based predictions will be stored. We review how neuronal codes in entorhinal cortex and hippocampus follow these requirements and argue that during formation of episodic memories entorhinal cortex provides hippocampus with instant information about ongoing experience. Such information originates from (a) spatially modulated neurons in medial entorhinal cortex, including grid cells, which provide a stable and universal positional metric of the environment; (b) a continuously varying signal in lateral entorhinal cortex providing a code for the temporal progression of events; and (c) entorhinal neurons coding the content of experiences exemplified by object‐coding and odor‐selective neurons. During formation of episodic memories, information from these systems are thought to be encoded as unique sequential ensemble activity in hippocampus, thereby encoding associations between the content of an event and its spatial and temporal contexts. Upon exposure to parts of the encoded stimuli, activity in these ensembles can be reinstated, leading to reactivation of the encoded activity pattern and memory recollection.
Optical fan for single‐cell screening
Authors: Liu Xiaoshuai , Li Yuchao , Xu Xiaohao , Zhang Yao , Li Baojun 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe single‐cell screening has attracted great attentions in advanced biomedicine and tissue biology, especially for the early disease diagnosis and treatment monitoring. In this work, by using a specific‐designed fiber probe with a flat facet, we propose an “optical fan” strategy to screen K562 cells at the single‐cell level from a populations of RBCs. After the 980‐nm laser beam injected into the fiber probe, the RBCs were blown away but holding target K562 cells in place. Further, multiple leukemic cells can be screened from hundreds of red blood cells, providing an efficient approach for the cell screening. The experimental results were interpreted by the numerical simulation, and the stiffness of optical fan was also discussed.
Studies on hepatotoxicity and toxicokinetics of colchicine
Authors: Guo Xiucai , Chen Yan , Li Qingmei , Yang Xiaojing , Zhao Guode , Peng Ying , Zheng Jiang 
Published: July 2019

AbstractColchicine (COL) is an alkaloid existing in plants of Liliaceous colchicum. It has widely been used in the treatments of many diseases, such as gout, Familial Mediterranean Fever, and tumor. However, the adverse effects of COL are an obstacle to its safe use. The present studies explored the role of metabolic demethylation in the development of COL‐induced hepatotoxicity. We found that inhibition of CYP3A increased the susceptibility of mice to COL hepatotoxicity, and induction of CYP3A decreased the susceptibility of animals to the hepatotoxicity. The toxicokinetic study demonstrated that pretreatment with ketoconazole caused elevated area under the concentration‐time curve of COL. Three demethylation metabolites of COL were found to be less hepatotoxic than the parent compound. It appears that the formation of electrophilic demethylation metabolites was not involved in the development of COL‐induced liver injury.
Cholinesterase inhibition and its association with hematological, biochemical and oxidative stress markers in chronic pesticide exposed agriculture workers
Authors: Kori Rajesh Kumar , Hasan Whidul , Jain Abhishek Kumar , Yadav Rajesh Singh 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe present study investigated the pesticide induced adverse health effects, hematological and biochemical alterations among agriculture workers. A cross sectional study of 51 agriculture workers and 54 unexposed subjects was carried out to evaluate hematological and biochemical alterations in blood. Pesticide exposed individuals were reported adverse clinical outcomes, including tingling, muscle pain, headache, skin disease, etc. A significant alterations in the level of hematological parameters, liver and renal dysfunctions markers and lipid profile suggested hematological, hepatic and renal dysfunctions. A significant decrease in the activity of acetylcholinesterase, reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase, catalase and increased level of lipid peroxidation was also observed in these agriculture workers. Correlation coefficient analysis showed a positive correlation of chronic exposure with most of the hematological and biochemical parameters. The results demonstrate that the chronic exposure of pesticides cause reduction in the acetylcholinesterase activity and enhanced the risk of adverse clinical outcomes in agriculture workers.
Adult attachment: Investigating the factor structure of the Relationship Scales Questionnaire
Authors: Zortea Tiago C. , Gray Cindy M. , O'Connor Rory C. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectiveIn this study, we aimed to conduct an in‐depth psychometric investigation of the Relationships Scales Questionnaire (RSQ).MethodAbout 717 UK‐based participants responded to an online questionnaire (F = 540, M = 177; age range 18–66 years, M = 25, SD = 8.46). We conducted (a) a series of confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) to test previously published factor models of the RSQ, (b) traditional (exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis) and contemporary (exploratory graph analysis) exploratory techniques, followed by (c) validity and reliability analyses.ResultsAlthough the RSQ was developed to assess four categories of adult attachment (typological approach – i.e., secure, preoccupied, dismissing, and fearful), our findings do not support the hypothesis that the RSQ delivers a psychometrically consistent measure of adult attachment styles.ConclusionThe results of the present study suggest that a two‐dimensional approach (i.e., anxiety and avoidance) to assessing adult attachment is optimal.
Impact of perceived social support on depression in Chinese rural‐to‐urban migrants: The mediating effects of loneliness and resilience
Authors: Liang Dekuo , Teng Mingjun , Xu Dawei 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe present study aimed to examine whether loneliness and resilience played the roles of mediators on the relationship between perceived social support and depression. A total of 712 Chinese rural‐to‐urban migrants from Nanjing, who were measured with perceived social support, resilience, loneliness, and depression, participated in the study. Results indicated that perceived social support and resilience were negatively associated with depression. Loneliness was a significant and negative predictor for depression. In addition, we also revealed that resilience and loneliness partially mediated the relationship between perceived social support and depression. These findings might develop a better understanding of depression in the course of migration.
miR‐363‐3p inhibits migration, invasion, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition by targeting NEDD9 and SOX4 in non‐small‐cell lung cancer
Authors: Chang Jingxia , Gao Feng , Chu Heying , Lou Lili , Wang Huaqi , Chen Yibing 
Published: July 2019

AbstractmiR‐363‐3p is downregulated in lung adenocarcinoma and can inhibit tumor growth. Here, we aimed to investigate the effect of miR‐363‐3p on non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) metastasis. In our study, miR‐363‐3p overexpression inhibited cell migration and invasion via epithelial–mesenchymal transition inhibition, while miR‐363‐3p knockdown exhibited the opposite effects. Further studies demonstrated that miR‐363‐3p bound to 3′‐untranslated regions of NEDD9 and SOX4, and negatively regulated their levels. Interestingly, NEDD9 or SOX4 knockdown rescued the metastasis‐promoting effects of antagomiR‐363‐3p. The inhibitory effects of agomiR‐363‐3p were also blocked by NEDD9 or SOX4 overexpression. Moreover, lentivirus particles carrying pre‐miR‐363 (LV‐pre‐miR‐363) significantly decreased, while LV‐miR‐363‐3p inhibitor increased metastatic nodule numbers and the levels of NEDD9 and SOX4 in lungs. In conclusion, tumor suppressor miR‐363‐3p may be a potential target in NSCLC therapy.
Preparation of mesoporous double‐layer carbon microsphere‐based solid acid catalyst by hydrothermal method and its application in catalytic transesterification of waste frying oil
Authors: Yang Lijuan , Wang Siyu , Yuan Hong , Liu Hai 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDMesoporous double‐layer carbon microspheres (DCSs) were synthesized using hollow tin(IV) oxide (SnO2) microspheres as hard template and sucrose as carbon precursor via the hydrothermal method. Sulfonic acid groups (‐SO3H) were introduced onto the surfaces of DCS by sulfuric acid heating and sulfanilic acid diazonium coupling, respectively, to form two solid acids (DCS‐SS and DCS‐DS, respectively).RESULTSThe transmission electron microscopy images showed that the carbon microspheres possessed a hollow double‐layer structure with diameters of about 200 to 300 nm and shell thickness of about 30 to 50 nm. Furthermore, the sulfonate treatments caused no changes in the morphology of carbon microspheres. The nitrogen (N2)‐Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) results indicate that DCS, DCS‐SS, and DCS‐DS featured mesopores with an average pore size of 4.5 to 4.8 nm and BET surface areas of 75 m2/g, 57 m2/g, and 53 m2/g, respectively. The X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Fourier‐transform infrared results confirmed that the DCS‐SS and DCS‐DS contained a ‐SO3H group and their surface acid densities are 4.5 and 4.1 mmol/g, respectively.CONCLUSIONDCS‐SS and DCS‐DS were used to catalyze the transesterification of waste frying oil, and the highest yields of fatty acid methyl esters, that is, 85% and 80%, respectively, could be obtained. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Decolorization of dye solutions by tyrosinase in enzymatic membrane reactors
Authors: Veismoradi Ali , Mousavi Seyed Mahmoud , Taherian Mostafa 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe main aim of this study was to investigate the decolorization performance of enzymatic membrane reactors (EMRs) using tyrosinase, including direct contact membrane reactor (DCMR) and immobilized enzyme membrane reactor (IEMR). The crosslinked polyacrylonitrile (PAN)/chitosan composite membrane was employed in a separation unit as support for tyrosinase immobilization to decolorize two common Acid Blue 113 (AB113) and Direct Black 22 (DB22) azo dyes for the first time.RESULTSAccording to the obtained results, the optimum enzyme amount, which could be immobilized on the membrane surface, was 25 units. The proper operating conditions for both DCMR and IEMR were determined as pH 6.5 and temperature 30 °C. Both the reactors initially accounted for around 96% and 94% decolorization for AB113 and DB22, respectively. To determine the reusability of EMRs after 10 cycles, 83.1% and 78.5% dye removal were achieved using IEMR for AB133 and DB22, respectively; while for DCMR, this amount reduced to 60.5% and 58.3% for AB113 and DB22, respectively.CONCLUSIONThe proposed IEMR maintained a high dye removal amount through the studied pH and temperature ranges. However, the performance of DCMR considerably reduced under the intensive operating conditions as well as in the long‐term operation. As a result, the suggested immobilized enzyme showed superior and stable performance compared to the free one in the long‐term operation. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Cardiac T1 mapping: Techniques and applications
Authors: Aherne Emily , Chow Kelvin , Carr James 
Published: July 2019

A key advantage of cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging over other cardiac imaging modalities is the ability to perform detailed tissue characterization. CMR techniques continue to evolve, with advanced imaging sequences being developed to provide a reproducible, quantitative method of tissue interrogation. The T1 mapping technique, a pixel‐by‐pixel method of quantifying T1 relaxation time of soft tissues, has been shown to be promising for characterization of diseased myocardium in a wide variety of cardiomyopathies. In this review, we describe the basic principles and common techniques for T1 mapping and its use for native T1, postcontrast T1, and extracellular volume mapping. We will review a wide range of clinical applications of the technique that can be used for identification and quantification of myocardial edema, fibrosis, and infiltrative diseases with illustrative clinical examples. In addition, we will explore the current limitations of the technique and describe some areas of ongoing development.Level of Evidence: 5Technical Efficacy: Stage 2J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;51:1336–1356.
Changes in unfrozen water content and dielectric properties during pulse vacuum osmotic dehydration to improve microwave freeze‐drying characteristics of Chinese yam
Authors: Li Linlin , Zhang Min , Song Xiaoning , Wang Weiqin , Bhandari Bhesh 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDAs a pretreatment before drying, the purpose of osmotic dehydration (OD) is to reduce the initial water content of samples and shorten the drying time. When OD is combined with pulse vacuum, the mass transfer is enhanced. Furthermore, the properties of materials, which affect the absorption and dissipation of microwaves, can be changed by OD. In this work, pulsed vacuum osmotic dehydration (PVOD) with sucrose solution was adopted before microwave freeze‐drying (MFD). The effects of PVOD on the drying characteristics and quality of dried products were studied.RESULTSResults showed that the unfrozen water content was increased by PVOD, which made the dielectric constant and loss factor of Chinese yam larger than that of untreated samples, and the difference amplified with the increasing temperature. Thus, the shortened drying time (up to 38.5%) and increased average drying rate (up to 16.8%) were achieved by MFD combined with PVOD. While in traditional freeze‐drying, PVOD resulted in slightly shortened drying time but decreased drying rate. The mechanism of PVOD on improving drying rate of MFD was analyzed from the perspective of unfrozen water content and dielectric properties. Furthermore, the quality assessments indicated that PVOD treatment retained a better color and improved the total phenolic content of dried yams compared to untreated and dried samples.CONCLUSIONPVOD using sucrose solution was an effective method to change the characteristics of yam, enhancing the MFD rate and improving the product qualities. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Going to great lengths in the pursuit of luxury: How longer brand names can enhance the luxury perception of a brand
Authors: Pathak Abhishek , Velasco Carlos , Petit Olivia , Calvert Gemma Anne 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBrand names are a crucial part of the brand equity and marketing strategy of any company. Research suggests that companies spend considerable time and money to create suitable names for their brands and products. This paper uses the Zipf's law (or Principle of Least Effort) to analyze the perceived luxuriousness of brand names. One of the most robust laws in linguistics, Zipf's law describes the inverse relationship between a word's length and its frequency i.e., the more frequently a word is used in language, the shorter it tends to be. Zipf's law has been applied to many fields of science and in this paper, we provide evidence for the idea that because polysyllabic words (and brand names) are rare in everyday conversation, they are considered as more complex, distant, and abstract and that the use of longer brand names can enhance the perception of how luxurious a brand is (compared with shorter brand names, which are considered to be close, frequent, and concrete to consumers). Our results suggest that shorter names (mono‐syllabic) are better suited to basic brands whereas longer names (tri‐syllabic or more) are more appropriate for luxury brands.
Utility of the H‐reflex in diagnosing polyneuropathy
Authors: Teigland Oda H. , Pugdahl Kirsten , Fuglsang‐Frederiksen Anders , Tankisi Hatice 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIntroductionAn absent Hoffman (H)‐reflex, the electrophysiological equivalent of the Achilles reflex, is assumed to be one of the first detectable signs of polyneuropathy (PNP). In this study we compare the H‐ and Achilles reflexes in patients with suspected PNP to evaluate the diagnostic utility of the H‐reflex.MethodsData from clinical examination and nerve conduction studies (NCS) were analyzed in patients with suspected PNP.ResultsThe PNP diagnosis was confirmed by follow‐up in 209 patients. The sensitivities of the H‐ and Achilles reflexes were similar (70.3% vs 71.8%), whereas the H‐reflex had higher specificity (85.2% vs 70.5%) (P < .001). Adding H‐reflex to the NCS protocol increased the diagnostic sensitivity from 80.9% to 87.6%.DiscussionThe H‐reflex is a sensitive method that could provide added value to standard NCS in PNP diagnosis. The simplicity and high specificity make it superior to its clinical equivalent, the Achilles reflex.
Stimulated grip strength measurement: Validation of a novel method for functional assessment
Authors: Hanwright Philip J. , Rath Jennifer L. , von Guionneau Nicholas , Harris Thomas G.W , Sarhane Karim A. , Kemp Stephen W.P. , Hoke Ahmet , Cederna Paul S. , Tuffaha Sami H. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundReliable measurement of functional recovery is critical in translational peripheral nerve regeneration research. Behavioral functional assessments such as volitional grip strength testing (vGST) are limited by inherent behavioral variability. Isometric tetanic force testing (ITFT) is highly reliable but precludes serial measurements. Combining elements of vGST and ITFT, stimulated grip strength testing (sGST) involves percutaneous median nerve stimulation to elicit maximal tetanic contraction of digital flexors, thereby allowing for consistent measurement of maximal grip strength.MethodsWe measured side‐to‐side equivalence of force using sGST, vGST, and ITFT to determine relative reliability and repeatability. We also performed weekly force measurements following median nerve repair.ResultssGST demonstrated greater reliability and inter‐trial repeatability than vGST and similar reliability to ITFT, with the added benefit of serial measurements.ConclusionssGST is a valid method for assessing functional recovery that addresses the limitations of the currently available modalities used in translational peripheral nerve regeneration research.
Concurrent, successful management of bipolar I disorder with comorbid alcohol dependence via aripiprazole long‐acting injection: A case report
Authors: Kurata Tsutomu , Hashimoto Tasuku , Suzuki Hitoshi 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAlcohol dependence is frequently comorbid with bipolar I disorder. Aripiprazole and its long‐acting injection have demonstrated efficacy in the treatment and prevention of bipolar I disorder and its attendant symptoms, especially manic episodes. However, whether aripiprazole can alleviate alcohol dependence remains controversial. We report the case of a 47‐year‐old woman who had been diagnosed with bipolar I disorder and alcohol dependence, characterized by poor adherence to pharmacological treatment and our hospital's alcoholic treatment program. Consequently, she was repeatedly hospitalized several times per year due to manic episodes and heavy drinking. After treatment with aripiprazole long‐acting injection at a dosage of 400 mg/mo intramuscularly, she has been relapse‐free for over 2 years. Aripiprazole long‐acting injection might therefore be effective for treating patients with bipolar disorder and a comorbid diagnosis of alcohol dependence.