bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
I lie, why don't you: Neural mechanisms of individual differences in self‐serving lying
Authors: Yin Lijun , Weber Bernd 
Published: October 2018

AbstractPeople tend to lie in varying degrees. To advance our understanding of the underlying neural mechanisms of this heterogeneity, we investigated individual differences in self‐serving lying. We performed a functional magnetic resonance imaging study in 37 participants and introduced a color‐reporting game where lying about the color would in general lead to higher monetary payoffs but would also be punished if get caught. At the behavioral level, individuals lied to different extents. Besides, individuals who are more dishonest showed shorter lying response time, whereas no significant correlation was found between truth‐telling response time and the degree of dishonesty. At the neural level, the left caudate, ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), and left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) were key regions reflecting individual differences in making dishonest decisions. The dishonesty associated activity in these regions decreased with increased dishonesty. Subsequent generalized psychophysiological interaction analyses showed that individual differences in self‐serving lying were associated with the functional connectivity among the caudate, vmPFC, IFG, and dlPFC. More importantly, regardless of the decision types, the neural patterns of the left caudate and vmPFC during the decision‐making phase could be used to predict individual degrees of dishonesty. The present study demonstrated that lying decisions differ substantially from person to person in the functional connectivity and neural activation patterns which can be used to predict individual degrees of dishonesty.
Generalized fuzzy soft sets theory‐based novel hybrid ensemble credit scoring model
Authors: Xu Dayu , Zhang Xuyao , Feng Hailin 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIn banking and peer‐to‐peer loan applicant firms, customer credit scores have numerous applications in risk control and precision marketing. Numerous credit scoring techniques act as classification methods. In this paper, the main issue is simultaneous and hybrid utilization of the feature selection (FS) algorithm and ensemble learning classification algorithms with respect to their parameter settings to achieve higher performance in the proposed credit scoring model. As a result, this paper reports a hybrid data mining model of generalized fuzzy soft sets (GFSS) theory‐based ensemble learning classification algorithms based on three stages. The first stage addresses data gathering and preprocessing. The second stage uses the adaptive elastic net‐based FS algorithm to eliminate irrelevant or weakly correlated variables. After the appropriate variables are chosen, they are applied to the proposed ensemble model. In the third stage, GFSS theory is exploited to construct a novel weight assignment mechanism for each individual credit scoring model in the ensemble model according to performance. Several comparisons are conducted to validate the proposed model using real world credit datasets. The experimental results, analysis, and statistical tests prove the ability of the proposed approach to improve classification performance against all of the base classifier, hybrid, and combination methods in terms of average accuracy, area under the curve, H‐measure, and Brier score.
The impact of global financial crisis on conventional and Islamic banks in the GCC countries
Authors: Salih Abdalla , Ghecham Mahieddine Adnan , Al‐Barghouthi Sameer 
Published: October 2018

AbstractUsing large dataset from audited financial statements of 81 banks in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region, this article aims at assessing the performance of Islamic banks and conventional banks during the 2008 financial crisis. Unlike major studies that explored this area of study in the GCC countries, this paper investigates the performance of both types of banks before, during, and after the 2008 financial crisis, while covering four different financial performance measures, namely, efficiency, profitability, liquidity, and solvency. Moreover, this investigation is undertaken while covering a larger time span (2006–2012) than perhaps all similar works that covered similar study on the GCC region. With the use of mixed‐effect linear regression, the paper shows that, compared with Islamic banks, conventional banks have sustained a better performance over the 2006–2012 period in relation to efficiency and return on assets. In this context, the paper puts a note on the shortcomings of the institutional arrangement of the Islamic banks that impeded their performance during the crisis as well as on the active role of GCC governments during the financial crash.
Prioritization of Flood Vulnerability Zones Using Remote Sensing and GIS for Hydrological Modelling
Authors: Anees Mohd Talha , Abdullah K. , Nawawi M.N.M. , A. Rahman Nik Norulaini Nik , Ismail Ahmad Zuhdi , Syakir M.I. , Abdul Kadir Mohd Omar 
Published: October 2018

AbstractRemote sensing and geographic information system techniques were used for prioritization of flood vulnerability zones based on integrated parameters. Estimation of various linear and shape morphometric parameters, spatial and temporal land use and land cover changes (2005–2015), soil loss and sediment yield were performed for each river basin and utilized for the flood vulnerability zones. Further, ranks were assigned on the basis of changes in the parameters' value in areas/distribution of areas. To prioritize, five categories were classified: ‘very high’, ‘high’, ‘medium’, ‘low’ and ‘very low’ in terms of priority. The final prioritization of the integrated analysis revealed that 16 and 5 river basins fall under high and very high priority respectively. It is concluded that these river basins will be selected to conduct hydrological modelling for flood analysis. Validation results support the presented methodology and showed that in the 2014 Kelantan flood, the water level rose drastically in high and very high priority river basins situated in midstream. © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Visualization of myelinated fiber bundles orientation during brain slice preparation by reflection polarized light microscopy
Authors: Takata Norio , Kusayanagi Kohei , Maruyama Hironori , Eitai Kenji , Abo Masaaki , Akiyama Fumihiko , Tajima Ryo , Inaba Shinsuke , Tanaka Kenji F. , Mimura Masaru , Sanaka Kaoru 
Published: October 2018

AbstractPolarized light imaging (PLI) enables detecting the orientation of myelinated axon bundles in brain slices at microscopic resolution without histological staining. However, standard PLI requires labor‐intensive procedures such as mounting brain cryosections on slide glasses. We developed an optical system that does not require a mounting procedure for PLI. Specifically, we developed an optical system to perform PLI in reflection mode (rPLI) instead of employing transmitted light as in standard PLI. We integrated this rPLI system with a conventional vibratome slicer whose cutting blade surface is a mirror. This combination allowed PLI measurements directly during the slicing procedure at room temperature. Thus, mounting procedure for PLI is not necessary. As a proof‐of‐concept experiment, a perfusion‐fixed brain of a mouse was embedded in gelatin‐containing agar and cut serially at 40~200 μm intervals. The slicing procedure was temporarily halted after each cut to capture the PLI images of the slice on the reflecting blade surface while the slice was still held up by the agar block. The orientation of the fiber bundle estimated with this method agreed with the results obtained from previous reports. Combination of a popular vibratome slicer and our rPLI system that uses versatile and inexpensive optical components would increase popularity of PLI and facilitates connectome studies at microscopic resolution.Research HighlightsPolarized light imaging (PLI) of brain slices was realized by using reflected light (rPLI) instead of transmitted light.The rPLI method allows detecting the myelinated fiber bundle orientation during slice preparation.
3D measurements of micro‐objects based on monocular wide‐field optical microscopy with extended depth of field
Authors: Qu Yufu , Zhang Ping , Hu Yongbo 
Published: October 2018

AbstractMonocular rotational microscopes suffer from shallow depth of field and reduced field of view. Consequently, we propose monocular wide‐field optical microscopy with extended depth of field to enable accurate 3D measurements of micro‐objects. We use a liquid lens and a 4f system to extend the system's depth of field and two additional rotational reflectors to capture multi‐view image sequences. In addition, we increase the number of expansion directions in the patch‐based multi‐view stereo algorithm and optimize the expansion radius. Our approach outperforms that based on the patch‐based multi‐view stereo method and achieves a high relative measurement accuracy of 1.9%.Research HighlightsThis study proposes 3D measurements of micro‐objects via monocular rotational microscopy.The depth of field is extended by the use of a liquid lens and a 4f system.Our approach outperforms that based on the patch‐based multi‐view stereo method and achieves a high relative measurement accuracy of 1.9%.
Classification of acute lymphoblastic leukemia using deep learning
Authors: Rehman Amjad , Abbas Naveed , Saba Tanzila , Rahman Syed Ijaz ur , Mehmood Zahid , Kolivand Hoshang 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAcute Leukemia is a life‐threatening disease common both in children and adults that can lead to death if left untreated. Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) spreads out in children's bodies rapidly and takes the life within a few weeks. To diagnose ALL, the hematologists perform blood and bone marrow examination. Manual blood testing techniques that have been used since long time are often slow and come out with the less accurate diagnosis. This work improves the diagnosis of ALL with a computer‐aided system, which yields accurate result by using image processing and deep learning techniques. This research proposed a method for the classification of ALL into its subtypes and reactive bone marrow (normal) in stained bone marrow images. A robust segmentation and deep learning techniques with the convolutional neural network are used to train the model on the bone marrow images to achieve accurate classification results. Experimental results thus obtained and compared with the results of other classifiers Naïve Bayesian, KNN, and SVM. Experimental results reveal that the proposed method achieved 97.78% accuracy. The obtained results exhibit that the proposed approach could be used as a tool to diagnose Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia and its sub‐types that will definitely assist pathologists.
Using MRI to study the alterations in liver blood flow, perfusion, and oxygenation in response to physiological stress challenges: Meal, hyperoxia, and hypercapnia
Authors: Cox Eleanor F. , Palaniyappan Naaventhan , Aithal Guruprasad P. , Guha I. Neil , Francis Susan T. 
Published: October 2018

BackgroundNoninvasive assessment of dynamic changes in liver blood flow, perfusion, and oxygenation using MRI may allow detection of subtle hemodynamic alterations in cirrhosis.PurposeTo assess the feasibility of measuring dynamic liver blood flow, perfusion, and T2* alterations in response to meal, hypercapnia, and hyperoxia challenges.Study TypeProspective.SubjectsTen healthy volunteers (HV) and 10 patients with compensated cirrhosis (CC).Field Strength/Sequence3T; phase contrast, arterial spin labeling, and mapping.AssessmentDynamic changes in portal vein and hepatic artery blood flow (using phase contrast MRI), liver perfusion (using arterial spin labeling), and blood oxygenation ( mapping) following a meal challenge (660 kcal), hyperoxia (target PETO2 of 500 mmHg), and hypercapnia (target increase PETCO2 of ∼6 mmHg).Statistical TestsTests between baseline and each challenge were performed using a paired two‐tailed t‐test (parametric) or Wilcoxon‐signed‐ranks test (nonparametric). Repeatability and reproducibility were determined by the coefficient of variation (CoV).ResultsPortal vein velocity increased following the meal (70 ± 9%, P < 0.001) and hypercapnic (7 (5–11)%, P = 0.029) challenge, while hepatic artery flow decreased (–30 ± 18%, P = 0.005) following the meal challenge in HV. In CC patients, portal vein velocity increased (37 ± 13%, P = 0.012) without the decrease in hepatic artery flow following the meal. In both groups, the meal increased liver perfusion (HV: 82 ± 50%, P < 0.0001; CC: 27 (16–42)%, P = 0.011) with faster arrival time of blood (HV: –54 (–56‐30)%, P = 0.074; CC: –42 ± 32%, P = 0.005). In HVs, increased after the meal and in response to hyperoxia, with a decrease in hypercapnia (6 ± 8% P = 0.052; 3 ± 5%, P = 0.075; –5 ± 6%, P = 0.073, respectively), but no change in CC patients. Baseline between‐session CoV <15% for blood flow and <10% for measures.Data ConclusionDynamic changes in liver perfusion, blood flow, and oxygenation following a meal, hyperoxic, and hypercapnic challenges can be measured using noninvasive MRI and potentially be used to stratify patients with cirrhosis.Level of Evidence: 2Technical Efficacy: Stage 1J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2019;49:1577–1586.
Quantification of biventricular strain and assessment of ventriculo–ventricular interaction in pulmonary arterial hypertension using exercise cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and myocardial feature tracking
Authors: Lin Aaron C.W. , Seale Helen , Hamilton‐Craig Christian , Morris Norman R. , Strugnell Wendy 
Published: October 2018

BackgroundRight ventricular (RV) failure is the main cause of mortality in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Exercise testing helps identify early RV maladaptation and systolic dysfunction and facilitates therapy. Myocardial strain has been shown to be more sensitive than ejection fraction (EF) in detecting subclinical ventricular contractile dysfunction. Chronic pressure overload in PAH had been associated with changes in left ventricular (LV) filling.PurposeTo compare biventricular strains and ventriculo–ventricular interaction in PAH and controls using cardiac magnetic resonance feature tracking (cMRI‐FT) and to determine the reproducibility of strain analysis.Study TypeProspective.PopulationNine PAH and nine control subjects.Field Strength/Sequence1.5T MRI balanced steady state free precession.AssessmentRV and LV longitudinal strain (EllRV and EllLV) were derived using the mid‐axial images. Radial (ErrLV) and circumferential strain (EccLV) were derived using the mid‐ventricular short‐axis images. Relationships between strain and volumetric parameters were assessed at rest and during submaximal in‐magnet exercise.Statistical TestsComparison of rest‐to‐exercise data between PAH and controls was analyzed using two‐way repeated measures analysis of variance. The relationship between volumetric parameters and cMRI‐FT were assessed using Pearson's correlation. Reproducibility was assessed by using Bland–Altman plots.ResultsPAH had significantly lower EllRV at rest (−16.6 ± 2.7 vs. −20.1 ± 3.6, P = 0.03) despite normal RVEF. During exercise, RV systolic contractile reserve measured by EllRV was significantly reduced in PAH (PInteraction = 0.02). In PAH, indexed RV end‐systolic volume (ESVi) significantly correlated with EccLV and ErrLV at rest (r = −0.65 and r = −0.70, P < 0.05) and with ErrLV during exercise (r = −0.43, P < 0.05). High observer agreement was demonstrated.Data ConclusionDespite normal resting RVEF, RV systolic function and contractile reserve as measured by EllRV was significantly reduced in PAH. The close relation between RVESVi with EccLV and ErrLV provides evidence of systolic ventriculo–ventricular interaction in PAH. Exercise cMRI‐FT may provide a quantitative metric for detection of subclinical RV dysfunction in PAH.Level of Evidence: 1Technical Efficacy: Stage 2J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2019;49:1427–1436.
Pharmacokinetic and metabolic studies of Vortioxetine in rats using ultra high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Guan Su , Zou Yake , Jia Bingjie , Wu Lvying , Yang Zhicheng , Yuan Fang , Zhang Lei 
Published: October 2018

AbstractVortioxetine is a multimodal antidepressant that has been recently utilized globally. Vortioxetine hemi‐hydrochloride is a novel salt that was previously reported in our research. However, the pharmacokinetics of this salt and the metabolites of Vortioxetine in vivo remain unknown. In this study, the pharmacokinetics of the Vortioxetine hemi‐hydrochloride salt is explored in rats through a newly developed ultra‐performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry method. In addition, ultra‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry was used to identify the metabolites of Vortioxetine in vivo. The results demonstrate that after a single, 3 mg/kg oral dose, the maximum concentration for the Vortioxetine hemi‐hydrochloride salt is 14.63 ± 4.00 ng/mL, and is attained in 1.00∼4.00 h. The area under the plasma concentration‐time curve from time 0 to 24 h is 67.30 ± 23.78 ng·h·mL−1. Additionally, 29 metabolites were identified after the oral administration of 10 mg/kg, including 17 metabolites in the plasma, nine in the urine, and 12 in the feces. Eleven metabolites were novel. The major metabolic pathways include methylation, hydroxylation, oxidation, and glucuronidation. In conclusion, this study provides insight for further development of the Vortioxetine hemi‐hydrochloride salt.
Spectra and satisfiability for logics with successor and a unary function
Authors: Milchior Arthur 
Published: October 2018

AbstractWe investigate the expressive power of two logics, both with the successor function: first‐order logic with an uninterpreted function, and existential monadic second order logic—that is first‐order logic over words—, with multiplication by a constant b. We prove that all b‐recognizable sets are spectra of those logics. Furthermore, it is proven that some encoding of the set of halting times of a non‐deterministic 2‐counter automaton is also a spectrum. This yields undecidability of the finite satisfiability problem for those logics. Finally, it is shown that first‐order logic with one uninterpreted function and successor can encode quickly increasing functions, such as the Knuth's up‐arrows.
Comparative study of gut microbiota in wild and captive Malaysian Mahseer (Tor tambroides)
Authors: Tan Chun K. , Natrah Ikhsan , Suyub Iswan B. , Edward Marilyn J. , Kaman Nazrien , Samsudin Anjas A. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAimsThe aim of this study was to identify and compare the gut microbial community of wild and captive Tor tambroides through 16S rDNA metagenetic sequencing followed by functions prediction.Methods and resultsThe library of 16S rDNA V3‐V4 hypervariable regions of gut microbiota was amplified and sequenced using Illumina MiSeq. The sequencing data were analyzed using Quantitative Insights into Microbial Ecology (QIIME) pipeline and Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States (PICRUSt). The most abundant bacterial phyla in both wild and captive T. tambroides were Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Fusobacteria and Bacteroidetes. Cetobacterium spp., Peptostreptococcaceae family, Bacteroides spp., Phosphate solubilizing bacteria PSB‐M‐3, and Vibrio spp. were five most abundant OTU in wild T. tambroides as compared to Cetobacterium spp., Citrobacter spp., Aeromonadaceae family, Peptostreptococcaceae family and Turicibacter spp. in captive T. tambroides.ConclusionIn this study, the specimens of the wild T. tambroides contain more diverse gut microbiota than of the captive ones. The results suggested that Cetobacterium spp. is one of the core microbiota in guts of T. tambroides. Besides, high abundant Bacteroides spp., Citrobacter spp., Turicibacter spp., and Bacillus spp. may provide important functions in T. tambroides guts.Significance and impact of the studyThe results of this study provide significant information of T. tambroides gut microbiota for further understanding of their physiological functions including growth and disease resistance.
Antimicrobial peptides: Promising alternatives in the post feeding antibiotic era
Authors: Wang Jiajun , Dou Xiujing , Song Jing , Lyu Yinfeng , Zhu Xin , Xu Lin , Li Weizhong , Shan Anshan 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAntimicrobial peptides (AMPs), critical components of the innate immune system, are widely distributed throughout the animal and plant kingdoms. They can protect against a broad array of infection‐causing agents, such as bacteria, fungi, parasites, viruses, and tumor cells, and also exhibit immunomodulatory activity. AMPs exert antimicrobial activities primarily through mechanisms involving membrane disruption, so they have a lower likelihood of inducing drug resistance. Extensive studies on the structure‐activity relationship have revealed that net charge, hydrophobicity, and amphipathicity are the most important physicochemical and structural determinants endowing AMPs with antimicrobial potency and cell selectivity. This review summarizes the recent advances in AMPs development with respect to characteristics, structure‐activity relationships, functions, antimicrobial mechanisms, expression regulation, and applications in food, medicine, and animals.
Design of compact wideband bandpass filter with broad stopband using hybrid HMSIW and open‐circuit tri‐section stepped impedance resonators
Authors: Li Daotong , Yu Yaqing , Tang Ming‐Chun , Shi Ting 
Published: October 2018

AbstractA compact wideband bandpass filter (BPF) with broad stopband using hybrid half‐mode substrate integrated waveguide (HMSIW) resonator and open‐circuit tri‐section SIRs (OTSIRs) is proposed. A BPF with 3 transmission poles (TPs) and 3 transmission zeros is obtained by cascading the HMSIW resonator and OTSIRs using J and K inverters. A demonstrated wideband BPF with the stopband up to 4.4 times the designed center frequency for a 20 dB rejection level is designed, fabricated and measured. The measured results verify the predicted attractive features.
Infrared Cameras in Electronics Development
Authors: Czech Torsten 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThere has been a distinct trend in electronics development in the last few years: Packing density is increasing. Today, modern smartphones are much more powerful than they were only a few years ago, yet they are no bigger. The same applies to IT devices, automobile electronics, and consumer electronics. Accordingly, problems caused by heating must be looked out for with great care. Modern infrared measurement technology is an important aid in this regard.
Opportunities for Hyperspectral and Multispectral Imaging
Authors: Bouyé Clémentine , Tsamba Corinne 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe farming industry is facing big societal and environmental challenges: an ever‐growing population, the necessity of more sustainability in food production, and the demand from consumers for higher food safety. To overcome these challenges, the agriculture industry is transforming from a traditional industry to an innovative one. Robots, drones, automated harvester will become common tools in farms. These machines will be equipped with sensors to help farmers monitor and enhance crop yield. The need for reliable and low‐cost sensors providing highly valuable information is a huge opportunity for hyperspectral and multispectral imaging (HSI and MSI).
Monitoring Tasks in 3D Printing
Authors: Winkler Erich 
Published: October 2018

Abstract3D printing is currently experiencing a genuine boom. Whereas 3D printers were originally intended only for the production of prototypes and for the production of individual parts, they have since been used for series production, too. To create high quality products, precise guidance of the print head, and accurate positioning are required. Reliable real‐time control is, e.g., provided by the high precision optoNCDT 1420 laser sensors from Micro‐Epsilon.