bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immission-load-related dynamics of S-SO4
2− in precipitation and in lysimetric solutions penetrating through beech ecosystems
Authors: Kukla Ján , Bublinec Eduard , Schieber Branislav , Kellerová Daniela , Bičárová Svetlana , Janík Rastislav 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
The paper presents the results of a 23-year study of sulphate sulphur dynamics in beech ecosystems exposed to different immission loads. The amounts of S-SO4
2− in precipitation water entering the ecosystems were: the Kremnické vrchy Mts, a clear-cut area 519 kg ha−1 (24.7 kg ha−1 per year), a beech forest 476 kg ha−1 (22.7 kg ha−1 per year); the Štiavnické vrchy Mts an open place 401 kg ha−1 (24.6 kg ha−1 per year), a beech forest 324 kg ha−1 (19.1 kg ha−1 per year). The average SO4
2− concentrations in lysimetric solutions penetrating through surface humus to a depth of Cambisol 10 and 25 cm were increased as follows: in the Kremnické vrchy Mts from 12.71 to 16.17 mg l−1 and in the Štiavnické vrchy Mts from 18.73 to 28.80 mg l−1. The S-SO4
−2 amounts penetrating the individual soil layers in the Kremnické vrchy Mts were as follows: in case of surface humus on clear-cut area 459 kg ha−1 (20.9 kg ha−1 per year), in beech forest 433 kg ha−1 (19.7 kg ha−1 per year); below 10 cm organo-mineral layer of the mentioned plots penetrated 169–171 kg ha−1 (7.7–7.8 kg ha−1 per year), and below 25 cm mineral layer 155–255 kg ha−1 (7.1−11.6 kg ha−1 per year) – a higher amount was found on clear-cut area with an episodic lateral flow of soil solutions. In beech forest of the Štiavnické vrchy Mts penetrated below surface humus 424 kg ha−1 S-SO4
2− (18.9 kg ha−1 per year), below 10 cm mineral layer 458 kg ha−1 S-SO4
2− (19.9 kg ha−1 per year), and below 25 cm mineral layer as much as 599 kg ha−1 S-SO4
2− (26.0 kg ha−1 per year). This fact was caused by frequent lateral flow of soil solutions. The results indicate that the assumption about lower immission load of the beech ecosystem in the Kremnické vrchy Mts is wrong, at least in the case of S-SO4
2−. The testing has revealed that the studied beech ecosystems differ very significantly in sulphur amounts penetrating under 0.10 m and 0.25 m. The inter-annual differences were insignificant.
Improvement of enzymatic digestibility of wood by a sequence of optimized milling procedures with final vibratory tube mills for the amorphization of cellulose
Authors: Wang Jinwu , Gao Johnway , Brandt Kristin L. , Jiang Jinxue , Liu Yalan , Wolcott Michael P. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractA three-stage wood milling process was investigated leading to coarse, fine and amorphization of milled wood (MW) as a pretreatment for enzymatic wood hydrolysis. An eccentric vibratory tube mill (EVTM) and a spring suspended vibratory tube mill (SSVTM) were found to be suitable for wood cellulose amorphization. Both methods gave rise to highly digestible and amorphous wood powders amenable to enzymatic hydrolysis. The SSVTM had superior energy efficiency. The resulting MW afforded a 70% sugar yield via enzymatic hydrolysis and the total energy consumption was around 1.5 kWh kg−1oven-dried wood (odW) for all three milling stages. In contrast, EVTM consumed 17 kWh kg−1odW energy. Accordingly, SSVTM has a high potential for preparing wood for enzymatic hydrolysis.
Co-gasification of High-ash Sewage Sludge and Straw in a Bubbling Fluidized Bed with Oxygen-enriched Air
Authors: Niu Miaomiao , Jin Baosheng , Huang Yaji , Wang Hongyan , Dong Qing , Gu Haiming , Yang Jiayao 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Gasification is a promising technology to utilize solid wastes. Co-gasification of high-ash sewage sludge and straw were studied in a fluidized bed using oxygen-enriched air. Several factors influencing co-gasification performance were investigated, including the blending ratio of straw (BR, 0–100 %), the oxygen percentage of enriched air (OP, 30.2–50 %) and the bed material type (high alumina bauxite, calcined dolomite and olivine). The results indicated that the proper increase in BR led to higher syngas yield and an increase in OP caused an increase in combustible gas components, both showing improvements for waste gasification. Correspondingly, the maximum cold gas efficiency was obtained at BR of 50 % and OP of 44.7 %, respectively. Additionally, calcined dolomite exhibited the maximum advantage in the reduction of heavy polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), promoting the production of H2 and CO. The addition of high alumina bauxite was favored for improving syngas yield and gasification efficiency.
Archeology, Zionism and Photography in Palestine: Analysis of the Use of Dimensions of People in Photographs
Authors: Barromi-Perlman Edna 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
The physical dimensions of people in archeological photographs in Palestine from before 1948 and in Western tourist landscape photography have played a role in forms of local documentation. The study discusses how this component affects readings and perceptions of photographs. It addresses Jewish propaganda photographs in which pioneers were intentionally enlarged and centered in photographs. It discusses forms of visual empowerment in relation to constructed dimensions of people as a form of Zionist defiance of British colonialism in Palestine.
Revisiting the Isolated Canaanite Temple of Tel Mevorakh
Authors: Weissbein Itamar 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe isolated Late Bronze temple at Tel Mevorakh was interpreted by its excavator, E. Stern, as a “road sanctuary” which sits on an important trading route, and as a daughter site of Tel Dor. This article, wish to reexamine this interpretation by drawing the attention to the ancient natural landscape which surrounds the temple, especially the Taninim River and the Kabara Marsh. Those major water sources where significant natural barriers which prevented the passage of main roads in this area. Probably, they also formed a political border which divides between Tel Mevorakh and the Carmel Coast. Therefore, this paper offers that the Tel Mevorakh temple was part of the settlement system of the northern Sharon, and was isolated from roads. The main reason that led to the establishment of a cult-site at Tel Mevorakh was its unique natural surroundings, which was related in the minds of its worshipers to the mythical world of the gods.
Variations in Hillslope Runoff as Detected Using Geological Strata Coupled with Vegetation Patterns- Implications on Spatially Distributed Desert Runoff Agriculture
Authors: Wieler Nimrod , Avni Yoav , Rosensaft Marcelo , Olsvig-Whittaker Linda 
Published: February 2018

AbstractSparsely vegetated bedrock slopes in deserts coincide with slope parameters, thus they have important implications on biological, chemical, hydrological and geomorphological processes. Spatial variations in these vegetation patterns, density and communities indicates on relatively humid habitats, which correspond with sinks for high runoff. Relations between the bedrock runoff generation and vegetation patterns may imply on the spatial locations of Byzantine – Early Muslim (400-1000 C.E.; 1600-1000 y BP) agriculture installations. These installations are widespread in the Negev Desert, Israel, utilized sophisticated runoff harvesting techniques by the ancient farmers. Applying a multi-disciplinary approach, we tested vegetation patterns as a precursor for runoff generation along bedrock slopes in the Negev Desert Highlands, and correlated them to the spatial distribution of the Byzantine – Early Muslim runoff agriculture installations. Integrating vegetation patterns, geological substrate data and bedrock-runoff generation data on a GIS model on a large scale (160 km2) of the Negev Highlands yields a synthetic potential runoff map. This map is a unique new product conducted for the first time during this study. Basing on it, runoff yield can be predicted for different scales, ranging from that of a single lithology slope to that of a basin of varying lithologies. Utilizing this methodology, we show that high correlation (80 %) exists between vegetation patterns and spatially located Byzantine – Early Muslim runoff-farming installations. This correlation turns the vegetation coverage as a reliable marker for predicting runoff yield in arid bedrock slopes and imply for stable arid climate in the past 1600 years in the Negev Desert.
Deterrence Dilemma in Latvia and Estonia: Finding the Balance between External Military Solidarity and Territorial Defence
Authors: Andžāns Māris , Veebel Viljar 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
While potential threats from Russia and NATO collective defence commitments are similar for Latvia and Estonia, both countries have adopted different approaches in the balancing exercise between territorial defence and military solidarity. Notwithstanding their differences, both are by their nature fully non-aggressive – without room for pre-emptive initiatives, extra territoriality or asymmetrical tools. Given that in a case of a hypothetical large-scale conventional attack both countries would almost entirely have to rest on the allies, external military solidarity is essential. Until the Ukraine crisis, both offered more military solidarity towards their NATO allies than the latter offered to them. As the result of the Ukrainian crisis, allies became more military-solidary with the Baltic nations, especially having established the Enhanced Forward Presence, while Estonian and especially Latvian contributions to international missions and operations dropped. Therefore, it is suggested that both countries increase their efforts to the allied international endeavours.
On the number of cycles in a graph
Authors: AlBdaiwi Bader F. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
There is a sizable literature on investigating the minimum and maximum numbers of cycles in a class of graphs. However, the answer is known only for special classes. This paper presents a result on the smallest number of cycles in Hamiltonian 3-connected cubic graphs. Further, it describes a proof technique that could improve an upper bound of the largest number of cycles in a Hamiltonian graph.
Classification of posets using zero-divisor graphs
Authors: Tavakkoli Maryam , Saeid Arsham Borumand , Poursalavati Nosratollah Shajareh 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Halaš and Jukl associated the zero-divisor graph G to a poset (X,≤) with zero by declaring two distinct elements x and y of X to be adjacent if and only if there is no non-zero lower bound for {x, y}. We characterize all the graphs that can be realized as the zero-divisor graph of a poset. Using this, we classify posets whose zero-divisor graphs are the same. In particular we show that if V is an n-element set, then there exist

∑

log
2

⁡
(
n
+
1
)
≤
k
≤
n

n
k

2
k

−
k
−
1

n
−
k

$\begin{array}{}
\sum\limits_{\log_2(n+1)\leq k\leq n}^{}\binom{n}{k}\binom{2^k-k-1}{n-k}
\end{array} $

reduced zero-divisor graphs whose vertex sets are V.
A study of stabilizers in triangle algebras
Authors: Zahiri Saeide , Saeid Arsham Borumand , Eslami Esfandiar 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
In this paper, we introduce the notions of stabilizer of a subset and the stabilizer of a subset with respect to another one in triangle algebras and study them in details. It is shown that the stabilizer of a subset and stabilizer of an interval valued residuated lattice filter (IVRL-filter) with respect to another IVRL-filter are IVRL-filters. We state and prove some theorems which determine some properties of this stabilizers in triangle algebras. Also, we prove that in linearly ordered triangle algebras, stabilizer of a set is an IVRL-extended prime filter. Finally, we consider the influence of stabilizers on product and quotient triangle algebras.
Nuclear operators on Cb
(X, E) and the strict topology
Authors: Nowak Marian , Stochmal Juliusz 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Let X be a completely regular Hausdorff space, E and F be Banach spaces. Let Cb
(X,E) be the space of all E-valued bounded, continuous functions on X, equipped with the natural strict topology β. We study nuclear operators T: Cb
(X,E) → F in terms of their representing operator-valued Borel measures.
Addendum to “A sequential implicit function theorem for the chords iteration”, Math. Slovaca 63(5) (2013), 1085–1100
Authors: Nedelcheva Diana Kirilova 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
A sequential implicit function theorem for the method of chords was proved in the paper cited in the title. In this paper we add to this theorem a statement regarding the Lipschitz continuity of the mapping involved together with a sketch of proof.
Comparison of density topologies on the real line
Authors: Wiertelak Renata 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
In this paper will be considered density-like points and density-like topology in the family of Lebesgue measurable subsets of real numbers connected with a sequence 𝓙= {Jn
}
n∈ℕ of closed intervals tending to zero. The main result concerns necessary and sufficient condition for inclusion between that defined topologies.
Rational homotopy of maps between certain complex Grassmann manifolds
Authors: Chakraborty Prateep , Masuti Shreedevi K. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Let G

n,k
denote the complex Grassmann manifold of k-dimensional vector subspaces of ℂ
n
. Assume l,k ≤ ⌊ n/2⌋. We show that, for sufficiently large n, any continuous map h : G

n,l
→ G

n,k
is rationally null homotopic if (i) 1 ≤ k < l, (ii) 2 < l < k < 2(l − 1), (iii) 1 < l < k, l divides n but l does not divide k.
“It is my world, to which you are invited…”. Composers’ self-reflection in the programme books of the Warsaw Autumn (1999–2016)
Authors: Schreiber Ewa 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Although we usually treat writing and speaking about music as a secondary activity in relation to creation and performance, discourse about the latest compositional output is now gaining considerable independence. The need for creative artists to work together with institutions and with a whole network of mediators means that in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries, verbal discourse has played even a key role, and the search for a nuanced and original language that might attract potential listeners to new repertoire is proving a serious challenge.
For contemporary music, festivals remain the most important – and at times almost the only – forum enabling works to exist in the social awareness. Hence an important area in which discourse linked to contemporary music is shaped consists of festival books and composers’ comments on their works. The latter help composers to forge their own image, at the same time helping or hindering the creation of an additional plane of understanding with potential listeners.
This text represents an attempt to distinguish the main thematic areas to appear in composers’ self-reflection on the pages of the programme books of the “Warsaw Autumn” International Festival of Contemporary Music from 1999 to 2016, when Tadeusz Wielecki was appointed director of the festival. We will find here remarks on inspiration, creative process and musical language, as well as technology, nature and modes of listening. Notions taken from physics, chemistry and biology also frequently enter descriptions of music, and art becomes a sort of commentary to modern science. Finally, a separate strand consists of notes in which composers not so much shed light on the techniques they use or build contexts for their works, but rather seek to create plays on words as an alternative to musical compositions.
From a broader perspective, analysis of composers’ comments may help us to answer the question as to how such comments shape the plane of communication with potential listeners, what they tell us about discourse on the subject of new music, and the extent to which they expand the categories of its interpretation.
Reception of the Warsaw Autumn Festival in Lithuania: Cultural Discourse and Political Context
Authors: Stanevičiūtė Rūta 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThis article aims to offer a broader understanding of the Lithuanian reception of the Warsaw Autumn festival in relation to the modernisation of national music in Lithuania since the late 1950s – early 1960s. Based on a micro-historical and comparative approach to the network of individuals and events, it is intended to explore the shifts of reception through analysis of musical criticism, composers’ work and discourse, and artistic exchange between the Lithuanian and Polish new music scenes. The author discusses the cultural and political factors which affected the changing role of the Warsaw Autumn festival and its impact on the modernisation processes in Lithuanian music. In addition, the asymmetries of mutual understanding and interests between the Polish and Lithuanian music cultures have been highlighted both during the Cold War and the post-communist transformation periods.
Between Connotation and Denotation. Posters Announcing the Warsaw Autumn International Festival of Contemporary Music in 1956-2015
Authors: Knorowski Mariusz 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
The posters that accompany the successive Warsaw Autumn Festival editions are a unique collection of works, mostly of outstanding quality. One might venture the thesis that their artistic value – living up to the high demands of the topic – exceeds the typical standards of representation characteristic of popular art. Formally speaking, they abandon the conventions of egalitarian iconographic art in favour of a more elite-oriented visual formula, addressed to a competent audience knowledgeable about contemporary music and its qualities. The authors of these WA posters include many artists associated with the Polish school, such as Jan Lenica, Jan Młodożeniec, Julian Pałka, Waldemar Świerzy, Henryk Tomaszewski, and Wojciech Zamecznik. Their graphic representations of the achievements of the musical avant-garde do not, however, situate this poster series within the well-sanctioned canon of the “Polish poster school”, mostly associated with the film and theatre – generally considered as more “democratic” and entertainment-oriented disciplines of art.
The WA posters point to an evident polarisation of visual culture, corresponding to the division between high and low culture and between two types of audiences, differing in expectations. These posters form a largely autonomous collection and may be viewed as supplementary to the music they refer to, which determined the choice of expressive means appropriate to this topic. The whole collection is a display of its authors’ evident skills and their ability to live up to the high demands placed on these works.
The task of translating one medium into another (in this case – a visual one) requires intellectual discipline. Some kind of (at least formal) similarity between the two media needs to be discovered, and shared semantic elements ought to be traced. On the verbal level, such similarities are presented in terms of related distinctive features, ways of describing phenomena, and intuitions. The 19th-century Romantic concept of the correspondance des arts was based on similar assumptions. The Romantics attempted to systematise the emotions accompanying the experience of different arts, looking for affinities and similar form-building strategies.
The crystal structure of diaqua-2,2′-((cyclohexane-1,2-diylbis(azanylylidene))bis(methanylylidene))diphenolato-κ4
N,N′,O,O′)manganese(III) perchlorate, C20H24MnClN2O4
Authors: Ju Hongping , Chen Zihao , Qin Jing , Lang Yu , Ren Yunhui , Li Ping , Li Nan , Zhou Kaihua 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
C20H24MnClN2O4, triclinic, P1̅ (no. 2), a = 7.9912(8) Å, b = 11.8174(9) Å, c = 12.7781(15) Å, α = 112.855(9)°, β = 97.649(9)°, γ = 91.215(7)°, V = 1098.6(2) Å3, Z = 2; R
gt(F) = 0.0491, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1319, T = 250(2) K.
Crystal structure of Diiodo-(N′-((quinolin-8-yl)methylene)isonicotinohydrazide κ3
N,N′,O)cadium(II) – dimethylformamide (1/1), C19H19N5O2CdI2
Authors: Xu Zhi-Hong , Wu Wei-Na 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
C19H19N5O2CdI2, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 12.32(1) Å, b = 8.952(7) Å, c = 21.533(16) Å, β = 92.892(13)°, V = 2372(3) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0373, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0771, T = 296(2) K.
Crystal structure of {N-(3-ethoxy-2-oxidobenzylidene)-4-fluorobenzohydrazonato-κ3
O,N,O′}dimethyltin(IV), C18H19FN2O3Sn
Authors: Lee See Mun , Tan Yee Seng , Tiekink Edward R.T. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
C18H19FN2O3Sn, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 27.1120(3) Å, b = 9.5721(1) Å, c = 13.3072(1) Å, β = 98.271(1)°, V = 3417.55(6) Å3, Z = 8, R
gt(F) = 0.016, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.043, T = 100(2) K.
The Impact of Body Mass Index on Disease Progression in Ankylosing Spondylitis
Authors: Zepa Jūlija , Buliņa Inita , Lavrentjevs Vladimirs , Vīnkalna Ilze , Ņikitina-Zaķe Liene , Andersone Daina , Lejnieks Aivars 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Obesity can be a factor that affects the course of chronic systemic inflammatory arthritis. The objective of this study was to characterise patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) according to an evaluation of their body mass index (BMI) and by exploring the link between the overweightness and obesity with routinely measured disease-specific variables, including disease activity (Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index BASDAI; Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score, using CRP, ASDAScrp), spinal mobility (Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Metrology Index, BASMI), functional capacity (BASFI), extraspinal manifestations like fatigue, uveitis, and peripheral arthritis present during the course of the disease. A total of 107 patients were included in the cross-sectional study fulfilling the modified New York criteria for AS. Patients were divided into three groups: with the evaluation of BMI ≤ 24.9, 25.0–29.9 (overweight) and ≥ 30.0 (obesity). The mean BMI was 25.13 (SD 4.07). 33% of patients were overweight and 15% were obese. The mean values of age, duration of AS, ASDAScrp, BASDAI, Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI), BASMI, pain in spine, and fatigue in the group with BMI ≤ 24.9 were lower than in the other groups (p < 0.05). There was no difference between groups in age of AS onset, uveitis and peripheral arthritis. AS patients who were overweight or obese had a higher level of the disease activity, pain, fatigue, functional disability and spinal mobility impairment with worse values in the case of obesity.
Methodology for preliminary assessment of the radioactivity in natural waters
Authors: Mustafaevich Muzafarov Amrillo , Sattorovich Sattarov Gayvillo 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
This article presents the results of a preliminary assessment of the radioactivity of natural waters and the isotope analysis of drinking water. It describes the methods for the radiochemical preparation of water samples, which include concentration of uranium isotopes from water samples, extraction from impeding radionuclides and preparation of electrically countable samples. The results of violation of radioactive equilibrium between the isotopes 234U/238U and the several factors affecting this process in water samples have been obtained. It is clear from the obtained result that 234U isotope concentration in groundwater is higher than that in surface water.