bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Time-dependent effect of intensity of smoking and of occupational exposure to asbestos on the risk of lung cancer: results from the ICARE case–control study
Authors: Lévêque Emilie , Lacourt Aude , Luce Danièle , Sylvestre Marie-Pierre , Guénel Pascal , Stücker Isabelle , Leffondré Karen 
Published: May 2018

ObjectiveTo estimate the impact of intensity of both smoking and occupational exposure to asbestos on the risk of lung cancer throughout the whole exposure history.MethodsData on 2026 male cases and 2610 male controls came from the French ICARE (Investigation of occupational and environmental causes of respiratory cancers) population-based, case–control study. Lifetime smoking history and occupational history were collected from standardised questionnaires and face-to-face interviews. Occupational exposure to asbestos was assessed using a job exposure matrix. The effects of annual average daily intensity of smoking (reported average number of cigarettes smoked per day) and asbestos exposure (estimated average daily air concentration of asbestos fibres at work) were estimated using a flexible weighted cumulative index of exposure in logistic regression models.ResultsIntensity of smoking in the 10 years preceding diagnosis had a much stronger association with the risk of lung cancer than more distant intensity. By contrast, intensity of asbestos exposure that occurred more than 40 years before diagnosis had a stronger association with the risk of lung cancer than more recent intensity, even if intensity in the 10 years preceding diagnosis also had a significant effect.ConclusionOur results illustrate the dynamic of the effect of intensity of both smoking and occupational exposure to asbestos on the risk of lung cancer. They confirm that the timing of exposure plays an important role, and suggest that standard analytical methods assuming equal weights of intensity over the whole exposure history may be questionable.
Crop rotations compared with continuous canola and wheat for crop production and fertilizer use over 6 yr
Authors: Gill Kabal S. 
Published: May 2018

Local economic, logistic, soil, and weather conditions have made appropriate rotations vary from one area to another. Seed yield and fertilizer use in rotations were compared with continuous cropping for 6 yr in the southeast Peace region of Alberta, Canada. Canola (C) (Brassica napus L.), wheat (W) (Triticum aestivum L.), pea (P) (Pisum sativum L.), barley (B) (Hordeum vulgare L.), and flax (F) (Linum usitatissimum L.) were grown in 12 treatments [i.e., continuous canola (CC) and wheat (WW) and rotations of W–C, P–W–W, C–W–W, C–C–W, P–C–W, C–P–W, W–B–C, B–W–C, F–W–C, and F–C–W]. Canola yield increased with 1 or 2 yr breaks from canola. Within rotations, there was a trend to lower canola yield on canola stubble compared with other crop stubbles. Wheat yield was generally lower in WW than in rotations. Among rotations, wheat yield tended to be greater on pea stubble compared with canola, wheat, barley, and flax stubbles. Averaged over 2010–2015, the canola yield benefit from rotations was 0.632 Mg ha−1 (19.4%) over CC and the wheat yield benefit from rotations was 0.313 Mg ha−1 (7.2%) over WW. Nitrogen saving was observed when pea was included in rotation.
Dry pea (Pisum sativum L.) protein, starch, and ash concentrations as affected by cultivar and environment
Authors: Mohammed Yesuf Assen , Chen Chengci , Walia Maninder Kaur , Torrion Jessica A. , McVay Kent , Lamb Peggy , Miller Perry , Eckhoff Joyce , Miller John , Khan Qasim 
Published: May 2018

Dry pea (Pisum sativum L.) is an important crop in the Northern Great Plains of the USA and Canada. Information on dry pea quality as affected by cultivars and environments is limited. This experiment determined the effects of dry pea cultivars and environments on protein, starch, and ash concentrations. Six dry pea cultivars (‘Arcadia’, ‘Bridger’, ‘CDC Striker’, ‘Cruiser’, ‘Montech 4152’, and ‘SW Midas’) were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with four replications in 22 environments. The results showed that cultivar × environment interaction effects were highly significant on protein, starch, and ash concentration (p < 0.0001). These interaction means, calculated on a dry matter basis, ranged from 145 to 278 g kg−1 seed for protein, 439 to 617 g kg−1 seed for starch, and 10.5 to 31.9 g kg−1 seed for ash. The differences among environmental means were substantial compared with cultivar means. When averaged over environments, ‘CDC Striker’, ‘Arcadia’, and ‘Montech 4152’ produced greater mean protein, starch, and ash concentrations, respectively, than the other cultivars. None of these cultivars simultaneously outperformed the others for protein, starch, and ash concentrations. This may indicate the need to develop cultivars with outstanding qualities across environments to receive satisfy premium end-user quality requirements.
Two contrasting accretion v. collision orogenies: insights from Early Paleozoic polyphase metamorphism in the Altun–Qilian–North Qaidam orogenic system, NW China
Authors: Zhang Jianxin , Mattinson Chris , Yu Shengyao , Li Yunshuai , Yu Xingxing , Mao Xiaohong , Lu Zenglong , Peng Yingbao 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
The Altun–Qilian–North Qaidam (AQQ) orogenic system in northern Tibet is considered to be the northernmost orogenic collage of the Prototethyan domain. It is regarded as resulting from collisions between various continental terranes derived from the northern margin of Gondwana, although the AQQ orogenic system also includes abundant ophiolites, arc magmatic rocks and subduction–accretion complexes. Some researchers regard the orogenic system of north Tibet as a typical accretionary orogen built by the development of an evolving arc–accretion complex growing southwards along the margin of the Tarim and North China cratons during the Paleozoic. We propose, based on both published data and our new data, that two distinct accretion and collision orogenies developed in the AQQ during the early Paleozoic. The diagnostic marks are HP–LT metamorphic rocks in the North Altun–North Qilian Mountains and UHP metamorphic rocks in the South Altun–North Qaidam Mountains. A review of metamorphic, geochronological, geochemical and structural data indicates that the North Altun–North Qilian HP–LT metamorphic belt is related to early Paleozoic subduction–accretion and, together with ophiolite mélanges and arc metamorphic–magmatic complexes, forms an early Paleozoic accretionary orogen. By contrast, the South Altun–North Qaidam UHP metamorphic belt is associated with continental subduction and collision, accompanied by Barrovian-type metamorphic overprinting and collision-related magmatism, reflecting an early Paleozoic collisional orogeny.
Combined VEGF and PD-L1 Blockade Displays Synergistic Treatment Effects in an Autochthonous Mouse Model of Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Meder Lydia , Schuldt Philipp , Thelen Martin , Schmitt Anna , Dietlein Felix , Klein Sebastian , Borchmann Sven , Wennhold Kerstin , Vlasic Ignacija , Oberbeck Sebastian , Riedel Richard , Florin Alexandra , Golfmann Kristina , Schlößer Hans A. , Odenthal Margarete , Buettner Reinhard , Wolf Juergen , Hallek Michael , Herling Marco , von Bergwelt-Baildon Michael , Reinhardt H. Christian , Ullrich Roland T. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractSmall cell lung cancer (SCLC) represents the most aggressive pulmonary neoplasm and is often diagnosed at late stage with limited survival, despite combined chemotherapies. We show in an autochthonous mouse model of SCLC that combined anti-VEGF/anti-PD-L1–targeted therapy synergistically improves treatment outcome compared with anti–PD-L1 and anti-VEGF monotherapy. Mice treated with anti–PD-L1 alone relapsed after 3 weeks and were associated with a tumor-associated PD-1/TIM-3 double-positive exhausted T-cell phenotype. This exhausted T-cell phenotype upon PD-L1 blockade was abrogated by the addition of anti-VEGF–targeted treatment. We confirmed a similar TIM-3–positive T-cell phenotype in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with SCLC with adaptive resistance to anti–PD-1 treatment. Mechanistically, we show that VEGFA enhances coexpression of the inhibitory receptor TIM-3 on T cells, indicating an immunosuppressive function of VEGF in patients with SCLC during anti–PD-1-targeted treatment. Our data strongly suggest that a combination of anti-VEGF and anti–PD-L1 therapies can be an effective treatment strategy in patients with SCLC.Significance: Combining VEGF and PD-L1 blockade could be of therapeutic benefit to patients with small cell lung cancer. Cancer Res; 78(15); 4270–81. ©2018 AACR.
Quality, Readability, and Trends for Websites on Ankyloglossia
Authors: Aaronson Nicole Leigh , Castaño Johnathan Edward , Simons Jeffrey P. , Jabbour Noel 
Published: May 2018

Objective: This study evaluates the quality and readability of websites on ankyloglossia, tongue tie, and frenulectomy. Methods: Google was queried with six search terms: tongue tie, tongue tie and breastfeeding, tongue tie and frenulectomy, ankyloglossia, ankyloglossia and breastfeeding, and ankyloglossia and frenulectomy. Website quality was assessed using the DISCERN instrument. Readability was evaluated using the Flesch-Kincaid Reading Grade Level, Flesch Reading Ease Score, and Fry readability formula. Correlations were calculated. Search terms were analyzed for frequency using Google Trends and the NCBI database. Results: Of the maximum of 80, average DISCERN score for the websites was 65.7 (SD = 9.1, median = 65). Mean score for the Flesch-Kincaid Reading Grade Level was 11.6 (SD = 3.0, median = 10.7). Two websites (10%) were in the optimal range of 6 to 8. Google Trends shows tongue tie searches increasing in frequency, although the NCBI database showed a decreased in tongue tie articles. Conclusions: Most of the websites on ankyloglossia were of good quality; however, a majority were above the recommended reading level for public health information. Parents increasingly seek information on ankyloglossia online, while fewer investigators are publishing articles on this topic.
A Multicomponent Intervention to Encourage Stair Use in Municipal Buildings
Authors: Moloughney Brent W. , Bursey Gayle E. , Fortin Rebecca B. , Morais Maria G. , Dang Khanh Thi 
Published: May 2018

Purpose: Evaluate the incremental impact of environmental stairwell enhancements on stair usage in addition to prompts. Design: Phased, nonrandomized, quasi-experimental intervention. Setting: Two 6-story and one 8-story municipal government office buildings—each with 2 stairwells. Participants: Approximately 2800 municipal employees and 1000 daily visitors. Intervention: All stairwells received door wraps and point-of-decision and wayfinding prompts. Environmental enhancements were installed in 1 stairwell in each of the 2 buildings: wall paint, upgraded stair treads and handrails, artwork, light-emitting diode (LED) lighting, fire-rated glass doors, and removal of security locks on at least the ground floor. Measures: Staff surveys and focus groups, electronic and direct measures of stair and elevator use occurred at baseline and over 3 years of phased implementation and follow-up. Analysis: Change in the proportion of vertical movement by stairs using χ2 analysis. Results: The prompts were associated with a significant increase in stair use (odds ratio [OR] = 1.36; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.31-1.41), with an average absolute increase of 3.2%. Environmental enhancements were associated with an additional significant increase in stair use (OR = 1.31; 95% CI: 1.25-1.37) beyond prompts alone with an average absolute increase of a further 3.5% that was sustained for 1 year. The initial increases in stair use with prompts alone were not sustained. Conclusion: Implementing environmental stairwell enhancements in office buildings increased stair usage in a sustained manner beyond that achieved by prompts alone.
Gastrointestinal Lesions in African American Patients With Iron Deficiency Anemia
Authors: Brim Hassan , Shahnazi Anahita , Nouraie Mehdi , Badurdeen Dilhana , Laiyemo Adeyinka O , Haidary Tahmineh , Afsari Ali , Ashktorab Hassan 
Published: May 2018

Background: Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a frequent disorder that is associated with many serious diseases. However, the findings of an evaluation of IDA-associated gastrointestinal disorders are lacking among African American patients. Aim: To determine the most prevalent gastrointestinal lesions among African American patients with IDA especially in young men. Methods: We reviewed medical records (n = 422) of patients referred for evaluation of IDA from 2008 to 2012. Iron deficiency anemia was diagnosed using clinical laboratory tests. The results of esophagogastroduodenoscopy, colonoscopy, and pathology specimens along with demographic data were abstracted and analyzed using Stata. Results: The mean age was 61.9 years, and 50.5% were women. In total, 189 patients (45%) had gross gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding. The most frequent diagnoses were gastritis (40%), benign colonic lesions (13%), esophagitis (9%), gastric ulcer (6%), and duodenitis (6%). GI bleeding was significantly more frequent in men ( P = 0.001). Benign and malignant colonic lesions were significantly more present among older patients: 16% vs 6% ( P = .005) and 5% vs 0% ( P = .008), respectively. Colitis was more prevalent in younger patients (⩽50): 11% vs 2% ( P = .001). In patients with gross lower GI bleeding, the top diagnoses were gastritis (25%), benign colon tumors (10%), and duodenitis (6%). Colon cancer was diagnosed among 15 patients, and all these patients were older than 50 years of age. Conclusions: Gastritis and colonic lesions are most common associated lesions with IDA among African Americans. So bidirectional endoscopy is required for unrevealing of the cause of IDA in asymptomatic patients.
Exploring the patients’ experiences of living with a subcutaneous implantable cardioverter defibrillator
Authors: Forman Jacqueline , Baumbusch Jennifer , Jackson Heather , Lindenberg Jen , Shook Alyssa , Bashir Jamil 
Published: May 2018

Background: The implantable cardioverter defibrillator provides effective treatment for the prevention of sudden cardiac arrest but significant risks associated with transvenous implantation persist. The subcutaneous implantable cardioverter defibrillator has proven to be an alternative and innovative treatment option for select patients to mitigate these risks. Obtaining the patients’ perspectives can provide clinicians with essential information to guide implant selection, procedural decision-making, and support patient management. Conventional implantable cardioverter defibrillator patients have reported shock-related anxiety, fear, insufficient education, and challenges adapting to physical and psychological changes. Little evidence exists to determine whether differences between the subcutaneous implantable cardioverter defibrillator and conventional implantable cardioverter defibrillator allow for the transferability of our current knowledge to the care and management of this population. Aims: The purpose of this study was to explore patients’ experiences of living with a subcutaneous implantable cardioverter defibrillator including the decision-making process, implant, and follow-up care processes. Methods: Using an exploratory qualitative approach, semi-structured interviews were conducted by telephone with 15 participants who underwent subcutaneous implantable cardioverter defibrillator implant. Results: Analysis revealed five main themes: (a) influences on decision-making; (b) unmet education needs; (c) physical impact; (d) psychological impact; and (e) recommendations. Conclusion: As a new technology, little knowledge of the subcutaneous implantable cardioverter defibrillator exists outside of the tertiary implanting sites, therefore developing new strategies to increase learning and dissemination is essential. Although similarities exist in our findings to those of conventional implantable cardioverter defibrillators, there are significant differences in the decision-making process and physical impact which require individualized care planning and development of strategies to provide a patient-centered approach to care.
Rationale, design, and protocol of a randomized controlled trial of the safety and efficacy of dabigatran etexilate versus dose-adjusted warfarin in patients with cerebral venous thrombosis
Authors: Ferro José M , Dentali Francesco , Coutinho Jonathan M , Kobayashi Adam , Caria Jorge , Desch Marc , Fraessdorf Mandy , Huisman Holger , Diener Hans-Christoph 
Published: May 2018

Rationale To prevent recurrent venous thrombotic events after acute cerebral venous or dural sinus thrombosis, guidelines recommend long-term oral anticoagulation with vitamin K antagonists. Non-vitamin K oral anticoagulant experience in cerebral venous or dural sinus thrombosis is limited to case reports and series. Aim To compare dabigatran with dose-adjusted warfarin in patients with cerebral venous or dural sinus thrombosis for the prevention of recurrent venous thrombotic event. Sample size One hundred and twenty patients. Methods and design This study is a phase III, prospective, randomized, parallel-group, open-label, multicenter, exploratory trial with blinded endpoint adjudication. Patients with acute cerebral venous or dural sinus thrombosis after 5–15 days of treatment with parenteral heparin are randomized to either dabigatran etexilate 150 mg twice daily or dose-adjusted (international normalized ratio 2–3) warfarin (≤24 weeks). Study outcome The primary endpoint is a composite of patients with new venous thrombotic event (recurring cerebral venous or dural sinus thrombosis, deep venous thrombosis of any limb, pulmonary embolism, and major bleeding (International Society on Thrombosis and Hemostasis definition)) during the treatment period. Statistics will be descriptive (number and frequencies). Study timelines Inclusion started in December 2016. Final results are expected by the end of 2018. Discussion This exploratory trial is the first to compare vitamin K with non-vitamin K antagonists in cerebral venous or dural sinus thrombosis. It will provide evidence to guide physicians and patients in choosing oral anticoagulants to prevent venous thrombotic event after acute cerebral venous or dural sinus thrombosis. ClinicalTrials.gov number: NCT02913326.
Child and Parent Demographic Characteristics and Oral Health Perceptions Associated with Clinically Measured Oral Health
Authors: Marcus M. , Maida C.A. , Wang Y. , Xiong D. , Hays R.D. , Coulter I.D. , Lee S.Y. , Spolsky V.W. , Shen J. , Crall J.J. , Liu H. 
Published: May 2018

Objective: To examine child and parent reports about the child’s oral health and assess the associations of these reports with clinical assessments of oral health status by dental examiners. Methods: Surveys with 139 items for children and 133 items for parents were administered by Audio Computer-Assisted Self-Interview Software. In addition, the Children’s Oral Health Status Index (COHSI) was computed from a dental examination. Results: A total of 334 families with children ages 8 to 17 y participated at 12 dental practices in Los Angeles County. Ordinary least squares regression models were estimated separately for child and parent surveys to identify items uniquely associated with the COHSI. Ten of 139 items the children reported regarding their oral health were associated with the COHSI. The strongest associations were found for child’s age, aesthetic factors (straight teeth and pleased with teeth), and cognitive factors related to perception of dental appearance (pleased/happy with the look of the child’s mouth, teeth, and jaws). Nine of 133 parent items about the child’s oral health were associated with the COHSI in the parent model, notably being a single parent, parent’s gender, parent born in the United States, pleased or happy with the look of their child’s teeth, and accessing the Internet. Conclusion: These child and parent survey items have potential to be used to assess oral health status for groups of children in programs and practices in lieu of dental screenings. Knowledge Translation Statement: The paper’s results inform the development of a toolkit that can be used by schools, public health agencies, and dental programs to identify children with low oral health status based on parents’ and children’s responses to survey items across demographic, physical, mental, and social domains. These survey items can be used to inform parents of the desirability of proactively addressing inadequacies in their child’s oral health status, enabling them to more rationally address dental needs.
The characteristics of vessel lining cells in normal spleens and their role in the pathobiology of myelofibrosis
Authors: Qiu Jiajing , Salama Mohamed E. , Hu Cing Siang , Li Yan , Wang Xiaoli , Hoffman Ronald 
Published: May 2018

Key PointsSVECs support the development of hematopoiesis in MF. LCs and SVECs each have distinct properties and functions that differ between normal and MF spleens.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: LncRNA TUG1 promoted KIAA1199 expression via miR-600 to accelerate cell metastasis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in colorectal cancer
Authors: Sun Junfeng , Hu Jiyi , Wang Guojun , Yang Zhen , Zhao Chunlin , Zhang Xiefu , Wang Jiaxiang 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Background
LncRNA TUG1 has been reported to be highly expressed in CRC samples and cells and promoted metastasis by affecting EMT, indicating a poor prognosis for colorectal cancer (CRC). In this study, we determined the underlying mechanism for tumor oncogenesis of lncRNA TUG1 in CRC metastasis.

Methods
The expressions of miR-600 and KIAA1199 in 76 CRC patients and CRC cells and CRC metastatic tissues were determined using qRT-PCR. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related proteins were determined using western blot. CRC cell metastasis was assessed by colony formation, wound healing and transwell assay. Luciferase reporter gene assay was used to confirm miR-600 binding to KIAA1199 3’UTR.

Results
Our data showed that lncRNA TUG1 was upregulated in CRC cells, miR-600 was downregulated in CRC tissues, cell lines and CRC metastatic tissues, and low miR-600 expression predicted a poor clinical prognosis. Overexpression of miR-600 suppressed CRC cell migration/invasion and EMT-related proteins in vitro, inhibited tumor volume and weight, and decreased the number of CRC liver metastasis in vivo. KIAA1199 was upregulated in CRC tissues, and was negatively regulated by miR-600. KIAA1199 overexpression promoted CRC cell migration and invasion, which reversed the inhibition effect of miR-600 mimic on migration and invasion of CRC cells. Moreover, TUG1 negatively regulated miR-600, and inhibition of TUG1 suppressed CRC cell migration and invasion and EMT-related proteins via regulating miR-600.

Conclusion
Our study proved that TUG1 promoted KIAA1199 expression to accelerate EMT and metastasis of CRC cell through inhibition of miR-600 expression.