bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Etiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Dynamic Nerve Compression Syndromes of the Elbow Among High-Level Pitchers: A Review of 7 Cases
Authors: von Bergen Tobias N. , Lourie Gary M. 
Published: November 2018

Background: Dynamic compressive neuropathies around the elbow are a rare entity described by a relatively small body of literature, mostly consisting of single-case reports. No standardized diagnostic protocols have been described to date. To the authors’ knowledge, this study represents the largest case series of dynamic compressive neuropathies in the upper extremity. Purpose: To identify various etiologies of dynamic compressive neuropathies around the elbow, devise a systematic diagnostic protocol, and review treatment options. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: A retrospective review was conducted of patients who presented to a single practice between 2013 and 2017 and were diagnosed with a dynamic compressive neuropathy around the elbow. Results: A total of 7 patients were identified, with a mean follow-up of 2 years. All patients were high-level pitchers. One patient was a minor league pitcher; 4 patients were National Collegiate Athletic Association athletes; and 2 patients were high school athletes. All patients underwent a systematic diagnostic workup. The diagnosis was established with dynamic nerve conduction testing. Three etiologies for dynamic nerve compression around the elbow were identified: 1 case of lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve compression by the biceps tendon, 3 cases of ulnar nerve compression by an anconeus epitrochlearis muscle, and 3 cases of posterior interosseous nerve compression at the arcade of Frohse with hypertrophic extensor carpi radialis brevis and extensor digitorum communis muscles. Two patients were treated conservatively, while 5 patients required surgery. All patients were able to return to pitching. Conclusion: Dynamic compressive neuropathies around the elbow are rare entities that present unique diagnostic challenges to the treating clinician. In this cohort, all patients were young throwing athletes. Physical examination of the patient frequently lacks typical findings of chronic nerve entrapment syndromes. Dynamic nerve conduction studies establish the diagnosis, and treatment often requires surgical decompression to achieve complete resolution of symptoms.
Anemia of inflammation
Authors: Weiss Guenter , Ganz Tomas , Goodnough Lawrence T. 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Anemia of inflammation (AI), also known as anemia of chronic disease (ACD), is regarded as the most frequent anemia in hospitalized and chronically ill patients. It is prevalent in patients with diseases that cause prolonged immune activation, including infection, autoimmune diseases, and cancer. More recently, the list has grown to include chronic kidney disease, congestive heart failure, chronic pulmonary diseases, and obesity. Inflammation-inducible cytokines and the master regulator of iron homeostasis, hepcidin, block intestinal iron absorption and cause iron retention in reticuloendothelial cells, resulting in iron-restricted erythropoiesis. In addition, shortened erythrocyte half-life, suppressed erythropoietin response to anemia, and inhibition of erythroid cell differentiation by inflammatory mediators further contribute to AI in a disease-specific pattern. Although the diagnosis of AI is a diagnosis of exclusion and is supported by characteristic alterations in iron homeostasis, hypoferremia, and hyperferritinemia, the diagnosis of AI patients with coexisting iron deficiency is more difficult. In addition to treatment of the disease underlying AI, the combination of iron therapy and erythropoiesis-stimulating agents can improve anemia in many patients. In the future, emerging therapeutics that antagonize hepcidin function and redistribute endogenous iron for erythropoiesis may offer additional options. However, based on experience with anemia treatment in chronic kidney disease, critical illness, and cancer, finding the appropriate indications for the specific treatment of AI will require improved understanding and a balanced consideration of the contribution of anemia to each patient’s morbidity and the impact of anemia treatment on the patient’s prognosis in a variety of disease settings.
Hemorrhage within the tympanic membrane without perforation
Authors: Kim Chang-Hee , Shin Jung Eun 
Published: November 2018

Background Hemotympanum refers to both the presence of blood in the middle ear cavity and to ecchymosis of the tympanic membrane (TM), and a systematic study of intra-TM (iTM) hemorrhage without bleeding in the middle ear cavity has not been conducted. The goals of our study were to analyze the causes of iTM hemorrhage without TM perforation or bleeding in the middle ear cavity, and to demonstrate the clinical characteristics of the disease. Methods This Case series study included five patients with iTM hemorrhage between August 2014 and August 2017. An iTM hemorrhage was diagnosed when otoendoscopic examination demonstrated minor bleeding behind the intact TM, a hemorrhage was observed between the TM annulus and the epidermal layer, and temporal bone computed tomography revealed thickening of the TM without soft tissue density within the tympanic cavity or temporal bone fracture. Initial symptoms, and serial findings of otoendoscopy and pure tone audiometry (PTA) were investigated. Results iTM hemorrhage developed due to blunt head trauma in two patients, descent barotrauma during scuba diving in two patients, and spontaneous epistaxis in one patient. Otalgia and ear fullness were the most common symptoms, but PTA showed no or minimal conductive hearing loss in all patients. Conclusions An iTM hemorrhage may develop after blunt head trauma, barotrauma due to scuba diving, or spontaneous epistaxis; otological symptoms included otalgia, tinnitus, and aural fullness. An iTM hemorrhage resolved spontaneously without specific treatment, usually within 1 month.
Ileal Dieulafoy Lesion: a rare case report
Authors: Jain Aleena , Karegar Manjusha , Joshi Amita , Rojekar Amey 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Background
Dieulafoy lesion, also known as calibre persistent artery is a rare cause of massive GI bleeding. It’s an abnormal sub-mucosal artery protruding from a minute mucosal defect (≤3 mm). Commonest location is in proximal stomach while occurrence in small intestine, especially ileum is extremely rare.

Case presentation
A 26 year old female presented with lower gastrointestinal bleeding. Preliminary investigations failed to locate the exact source of bleed. At laparotomy, an ulcerated nodular lesion, approximately 0.8 cm in diameter was identified in distal ileum. Histology revealed it to be Dieulafoy lesion.

Conclusion
Although uncommon, ileal dieulafoy is one of the causes of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding that could result in treacherous and life-threatening gastrointestinal haemorrhage. Hence, it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of active GI bleeding. The definitive diagnosis is based only on histopathology.
The prognosis of out-patient alcohol treatment among parents with childcare responsibility
Authors: Mellentin Angelina Isabella , Ellermann Annette Elkjær , Nielsen Bent , Mejldal Anna , Möller Sören , Nielsen Anette Søgaard 
Published: November 2018

BackgroundDespite expansive knowledge on the detrimental effects of growing up with parents with alcohol use disorders (AUDs), little is known about the prognosis of alcohol treatment among parents with childcare responsibility.AimsThis observational cohort study aimed to examine the prognosis of patients with and without childcare responsibility, in a conventional out-patient alcohol treatment clinic.MethodA consecutive AUD sample (N = 2201), based on ICD-10 Diagnostic Criteria for Research, was assessed with the European Addiction Severity Index during the clinical routine, at treatment entry and conclusion. Data on addiction severity, treatment course and drinking outcomes were derived, and adjusted odds ratios (AORs) were calculated with logistic-regression models. Drinking outcomes were compared in an intention-to-treat analysis, including all patients in a logistic regression with inverse probability weighting.ResultsPatients with childcare responsibility (aged <18 years) had a less severe addiction profile and lower drop-out rate compared with patients without children or with children living out-of-home. They were also more likely to improve on all drinking-related outcomes, including abstinence (AOR 2.68, 95% CI 1.82–3.95), number of drinking days (AOR 2.45, 95% CI 1.50–4.03) and excessive drinking days (AOR 4.66, 95% CI 2.36–9.17); and those with children living out-of-home had better outcomes on abstinence (AOR 1.59, 95% CI 1.08–2.34) than patients without children.ConclusionsChildcare responsibility among out-patients was associated with better treatment course and outcomes than those without or not living with their children. This knowledge can help guide clinical practice, effectuate interventions and inform social authorities.
Reliability of test procedures for postural reactions in people with acute stroke
Authors: Sjöholm Hanna , Hägg Staffan , Nyberg Lars , Kammerlind Ann-Sofi 
Published: November 2018

Background/Aims:Regaining and maintaining balance requires postural reactions such as righting reactions, equilibrium reactions, and protective reactions. There is a lack of uniform, standardised, and reliable testing procedures for postural reactions. The aim of the present study was to examine the intra- and interrater reliability of a newly developed postural reactions assessment for use in people with acute stroke.Methods:The Postural Reactions Test was developed based on the literature, on previous tests, and on input from an expert panel. A total of 10 physiotherapists assessed a total of 20 video recordings of people with acute stroke performing each postural reaction. These assessments were carried out on two occasions at least 2 weeks apart. The study thus included 400 ratings.Findings:For intrarater reliability, the overall proportion of agreement was 86 − 93% for the different postural reactions. For interrater reliability, the most common score for each participant and the number of physiotherapists giving that score were noted. A median of 9–10 out of 10 physiotherapists scored the same value.Conclusions:The results indicate that the Postural Reactions Test can be used to reliably assess function in people with acute stroke and that the test can complement the existing assessments for people with affected postural control.
Outpatient physiotherapy rehabilitation for total hip replacement: comparison of current practice with clinical evidence
Authors: Nelson Mark J , Bourke Michael G , Crossley Kay M , Russell Trevor G 
Published: November 2018

Background/Aims: Literature supports outpatient physiotherapy rehabilitation following total hip replacement. Current physiotherapy practice for this patient cohort is unknown. This study aimed to establish current physiotherapy practice for outpatient total hip replacement rehabilitation in Australia, and compare current practice with clinical evidence. Methods: An online self-administered questionnaire was designed to reveal current practice for physiotherapy rehabilitation following hospital discharge of total hip replacement patients. The questionnaire was distributed to 151 Australian physiotherapists involved in the care of total hip replacement patients. Findings: A response rate of 77% (116/151) was obtained. Current practice consists of: referral for outpatient physiotherapy, three to four sessions of physiotherapy at a frequency of one to two times a fortnight; commence within two weeks of hospital discharge and last five to six weeks. They include strengthening, education on hip precautions and exercise progression, gait retraining, stairs practice, range of motion exercises. Physiotherapy sessions are complemented by a home exercise programme. Conclusions: The high rate of referral for outpatient physiotherapy and provision of home exercise programmes are evidence-based. The infrequent use of resistance in strength training does not align with current evidence. There is insufficient literature regarding content, timing, frequency and duration to advise whether current practice regarding these aspects is evidence-based.
The need for a timely diagnostic workup for patients with venous leg ulcers
Authors: Pernot Carina C.E.G. , Zwiers Ineke , ten Cate-Hoek Arina J. , Wittens Cees H.A. 
Published: November 2018

Objective: To explore the need for an extended diagnostic workup in patients with venous leg ulcers (VLUs) and to establish the prevalence of the underlying causes of VLU. Method: This retrospective cohort study analysed data from patients with VLU. The visual analogue scale (VAS) was used for pain assessment. The ankle-brachial index (ABI) was measured to exclude patients with arterial pathology. A duplex was performed. All patients received a wound treatment plan and ambulatory compression therapy. Continuous variables were presented as mean±standard deviation (SD) or median and interquartile range (IQR). Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis were used. When normally distributed, an independent sample t-test was used. Results: A total of 70 patients were recruited. Of these, 18 (25.7%) experienced a VLU once and 52 (74.3%) had a recurrent VLU. Treatment of the underlying lesions was performed in almost 30% of patients. Patients who were treated showed almost two times slower healing rates compared with those who were not treated for an underlying pathology. The mean time in patient referral exceeded two years, and patients who did not see their GP were treated by nurses who did not provide regular feedback the GP; as a result, compression therapy was not always adequate. Conclusion: Patients with a VLU showing no signs of healing after 2 months should be referred to a dedicated wound care centre to avoid delays.
Tourniquets in the treatment of prehospital haemorrhage
Authors: Bond Reiss 
Published: November 2018

Background: During recent conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan, tourniquets were a useful tool in the management of non-compressible prehospital catastrophic haemorrhage. Recommendations for use within the civilian setting were then made. However, civilian research supporting this change in practice is limited. Aims: The aim of the research is to evaluate the utility of prehospital tourniquet application through description of the complications associated with use, as well as identification of mortality following prehospital application. Methods: A literature search was completed using PubMed and Embase for research studies on prehospital tourniquet use in extremity trauma. Study relevance was confirmed via their abstracts and final selection was made through reviewing the full publication. Data were extracted on mortality, complications, indication for use, effective application and application duration of tourniquet use. This was tabulated, and a descriptive analysis performed. Results: The research reported a mortality range of 3–14% with an associated complication rate of 2.1–32.4%. The effectiveness of prehospital application was in the 88.8–98.7% range, with tourniquet application durations of 48–103.2 minutes. Conclusions: The tourniquet should continue to be available to UK paramedics for the management of prehospital non-compressible catastrophic haemorrhage. Application is likely to provide a mortality benefit with limited morbidity and associated complications.
Konsensus Politik pada Konflik Partai Golkar Tahun 2014-2016
Authors: Hafid Meutya Viada 
Published: November 2018

Kajian ini membahas mengenai fenomena konsensus politik Partai Golongan Karya (Golkar) pasca konflik Partai Golkar tahun 2014-2016. Konsensus Partai Golkar merupakan fenomena baru, setelah sebelumnya konflik Partai Golkar selalu memunculkan partai baru. Hasil dari kajian menujukkan bahwa konsensus Partai Golkar terjadi pada tiga jalur, pertama melalui jalur organisasi yaitu Mahkamah Partai Golkar, kedua melalui jalur hukum, ketiga melalui jalur politik, seperti ditunjukkan pada Silaturahmi Nasional (Silatnas), Rapimnas, dan terakhir Munaslub Partai Golkar bulan Mei 2016. Munaslub menyepakati berbagai hal diantaranya, keputusan untuk menetapkan Setya Novanto sebagai Ketua Umum Partai Golkar, dibentuknya Dewan Pembina Partai Golkar, dan perubahan posisi Partai Golkar menjadi partai pendukung pemerintahan Joko Widodo-Jusuf Kalla. Konsensus politik Partai Golkar tahun 2016 juga dilakukan melalui perantara. Perantara dalam konsensus politik Partai Golkar adalah Jusuf Kalla dan Luhut Panjaitan yang bertindak sebagai wakil pemerintah tetapi juga sebagai petinggi Partai Golkar. Pimpinan Partai Golkar yang baru juga melakukan perubahan di Fraksi Golkar DPR RI. Tidak seperti sebelumnya dimana pihak yang kalah disingkirkan, Ketua Fraksi Partai Golkar DPR RI diisi oleh Setya Novanto (yang berasal dari kubu Aburizal Bakrie) dan Sekretaris Fraksi Partai Golkar diisi oleh Agus Gumiwang Kartasasmita (yang berasal dari kubu Agung Laksono). Sedangkan DPD tingkat I dan tingkat II yang terdampak konflik di Pusat, juga ditata ulang oleh pimpinan Partai Golkar yang baru. Pada setiap DPD tingkat I dan tingkat II dilakukan masyawarah untuk memilih pimpinan DPD Partai Golkar dalam rangka menyatukan dua kepengurusan di daerah. Sedangkan bagi pihak Aburizal Bakrie dan Agung Laksono, masing-masing diberikan posisi pada kepengurusan Partai Golkar. Aburizal Bakrie diberikan posisi sebagai Ketua Dewan Pertimbangan Partai Golkar yang terakhir muncul pada masa Orde Baru, sedangkan Agung Laksono diberikan posisi Ketua Dewan Pakar Partai Golkar. Kata Kunci : Partai Golkar, Konsensus Politik, Partai Politik, Indonesia.
Forecasting of International Tourists Arrival in Saarc Region and Prospect of Bangladesh
Authors: Mosfiqur Rahman Md. , Anam Sayedul , Kumar Chakrabarty Anuz 
Published: November 2018

The tourism is the dynamic and earning source of foreign currency in SAARC region. In regarding Bangladesh it is one of the prospective sectors that can contribute to our economy. In this paper, we forecast the international visitor’s arrival in SAARC countries and compare it with Bangladesh. In addition, we have discussed the factors that influenced the visitors to visit this territory. The key factors are infrastructure, retail industries, diversification, marketing and media, quality control, affiliation benchmark, and security and safety (Y. Benchabane, 2014). Assess the performance of Bangladesh in these key factors and comparing with other countries of SAARC region.
IOT based Advanced Medicine Dispenser Integrated with an Interactive Web Application
Authors: Kishor Panda Nanda , Bhardwaj Shubham , Bharadwaj H. , Singhvi Rohil 
Published: November 2018

Internet of Things (IOT) is a development of the internet which plays a major role in integrating human-machine interaction by allowing everyday objects to send and receive data in a variety of applications. Using IOT in healthcare monitoring provides an avenue for doctors and patients to interact and to track the dosage of medication administered. The paper presents an interactive, user friendly network integrated with an automated medicine dispenser which uses IOT, cloud computing and machine learning. The network was built on a python tornado framework with a front end developed using materialise CSS. The feasibility of this approach was validated by building a prototype and conducting a survey.
Mobile Screening Framework of Anterior Segment Photographed Images
Authors: Syahira M Zamani N , Azyan Ramlan Laily , Mimi Diyana W Zaki W , Hussain Aini , Abdul Mutalib Haliza 
Published: November 2018

This work presents a qualitative measurement of anterior segment photographed images (ASPIs) to identify between normal eyes and eyes with pterygium and pinguecula through Otsu multi-thresholding approach without contrast enhancement. In addition, we also propose a mobile screening framework of ASPIs through smartphones. ASPIs were directly sent to the cloud storage once an ASPI was captured using a smartphone camera, and then each image was processed through a digital image processing approach in a processing platform. Three important steps, namely, pre-processing, image segmentation and qualitative assessment, are involved in the processing platform of the mobile screening framework. The ASPIs are pre-processed to minimise or eliminate any unwanted areas within the image. Then, these ASPIs are segmented through multi-thresholding Otsu approach with clustering number n = 3. Segmentation result shows that the accuracy of the proposed method is 87.5%, which is comparable with the previously established work that has applied three-step differencing (3SD) method. However, the proposed approach has better computational time which is six times faster than the 3SD method. These results demonstrate a remarkable effort to produce a simple but straightforward digital image processing approach to be implemented in cloud computing for future studies.Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â
An End-To-End Practical Plant Disease Diagnosis System for Wide-Angle Cucumber Images
Authors: H. Cap Q. , Suwa K. , Fujita E. , Kagiwada S. , Uga H. , Iyatomi H. 
Published: November 2018

With the breakthrough of deep learning techniques, many leaf-based automated plant diagnosis methodologies have been proposed. To the best of our knowledge, most conventional methodologies only accept narrow range images, typically one or quite a limited number of targets are in their input. This is because the appearance of leaves is diverse and leaves usually heavily overlap each other in practical situations. In this paper, we propose a basic and practical end-to-end plant disease diagnosis system for wide-angle images. Our system is principally composed of two specially designed types of convolutional neural networks. The system achieves leaf detection performance of 73.9% in F1-score, overall (detection and diagnosis) performance of 68.1% in recall and 65.8% in precision at around 3 seconds/image on 500 wide-angle on-site images which have 6,860 healthy and 6,741 infected leaves (13,601 in total).Â Â
Optimised Combinatorial Control Strategy for Active Anti-Roll Bar System for Ground Vehicle
Authors: Zulkarnain N. , Zamzuri H. , A. Saruchi S. , Hussain A. , S. Mokri S. , Jedi A. , Razali N. , A. Mohd Nordin I. 
Published: November 2018

The objective of this paper is to optimise the proposed control strategy for an active anti-roll bar system using non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) tuning method. By using an active anti-roll control strategy, the controller can adapt to current road conditions and manoeuvres unlike a passive anti-roll bar. The optimisation solution offers a rather noticeable improvement results compared to the manually-tuned method. From the application point of view, both tuning process can be used. However, using optimisation method gives a multiple choice of solutions and provides the optimal parameters compared to manual tuning method.Â Â