bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pengelolaan Ekstrakurikuler Kepramukaan dalam Meningkatkan Sikap Kepemimpinan di MI Darussalam Badang Jombang
Authors: Nur Afif Intan Warda , Bahrodin Ariga 
Published: November 2024

Makna sikap kepemimpinan merupakan pandangan seseorang kepada suatu objek yang harus dimiliki dalam memimpin, itu artinya terkait erat dengan sikap pemimpin yang berkaitan dengan nilai karakter. Setiap madrasah pasti punya strateginya masing-masing untuk membentuk sikap kepemimpinan pada setiap peserta didiknya. Seperti hal nya MI Darussalam Badang Ngoro Jombang, di sana juga mempunyai strategi tersendiri untuk meningkatkan sikap kepemimpinan melalui ekstrakurikuler. Salah satunya adalah melalui program ekstrakurikuler pramuka.
Ada tiga fokus dalam penelitian ini, yakni: (1) Pengelolaan ekstrakurikuler kepramukaan di MI Darussalam Badang Jombang (2) Pengelolaan Ekstrakurikuler Kepramukaan dalam Meningkatkan Sikap Kepemimpinan Peserta Didik di MI Darussalam Badang Jombang (3) Faktor Pendukung dan Penghambat Pengelolaan Ekstrakurikuler Kepramukaan dalam Meningkatakan Sikap Kepemimpinan Peserta Didik di MI Darussalam Badang Jombang.
Pendekatan penelitian Kualitatif, jenis penelitiannya Studi Kasus. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan reduksi data, penyajian data, penarikan kesimpulan dan verifikasi. Sedangkan teknik pengecekan keabsahan data menggunakan triangulasi sumber dan triangulasi teknik. Adapun sumber penelitian ini yaitu, Kepala Madrasah, Waka Kesiswaan, Pembina Pramuka dan peserta didik.
Hasil penelitian tentang Pengelolaan Ekstrakurikuler Kepramkaan dalam Meningkatkan Sikap Kepemimpinan Peserta Didik di MI Darussalam Badang Jombang, adalah: 1) Kegiatan Ekstrakurikuler Pramuka ini merupakan kebijakan madrasah dan pelaksanaan program rutin tahunan, (2) Adanya perbedaan peserta didik yang aktif mengikuti kegiatan contohnya lebih disiplin dan berani dalam hal apapun dan peserta didik yang jarang mengikuti kegiatan cenderung masih malu-malu dan kurang disiplin, (3) factor pendukung adanya dukungan dari orang tua dan motivasi dari guru maupun diri peserta didik sendiri, dan factor penghambat nya yaitu kurangnya dana dan fasilitas serta kurang nya penerapan sikap kepemimpinan dari diri peserta didik.
PJC 2.0: Four “Firsts”, the Eight Hundredth Article and The Top Five Journals of the PJC
Authors: Ramirez Marcellus Francis L 
Published: November 2024

In this issue of PJC, we feature 5 original research articles, 3 case reports and 2 metaanalysis. How fortuitous it is that our 800th article is Accuracy of the Apple Watch in detecting atrial fibrillation among patients undergoing 24-Hour Holter monitoring by Elrey Inocian, et al (https://pjc.philheart.org/elib/journal/identifier/pjc.2024.0712.055060/pdf DOI: 10.69944/pjc.4dfc7cfcda), which by an unanticipated chance, fittingly heralds the new digital age of the Journal.
L’Université McGill dans les relations sino-canadiennes1
Authors: Liu Yuxi 
Published: November 2024

Cet article examine le rôle de l’Université McGill dans les relations entre le Canada et la Chine au cours des années 1960 et 1970. Il met en lumière le fait que l’implication des milieux universitaires dans les relations internationales ne se limite pas au cadre de la politique étrangère, mais s’étend à trois dimensions : accueillir des universitaires disposant de ressources pour établir des liens directs avec un pays étranger, transmettre des savoirs et des compétences, et cultiver un attachement sentimental.
Examining the interplay between mental health indicators and quality of life measures among first-year law students: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Muntean Rаul-Ioаn , Stefanica Valentina , Rosu Daniel , Boncu Alexandru , Stoian Iulian , Oravitan Mihaela 
Published: November 2024

Introduction
This research explores the intricate relationships between mental health indicators (depression, stress, and anxiety) and various dimensions of quality of life among first-year law students. The study aims to understand how affective valence, mood states, physical activity, body image perception, and social relations influence mental health outcomes.

Methods
Data were collected from 75 first-year law students (46 females, 29 males), a group predominantly composed of young adults with limited financial means, living in various housing situations, primarily within urban environments, and generally reporting low levels of physical activity. Standardized questionnaires were used to assess mental health and quality of life, including the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 Items (DASS-21), Feeling Scale (FS), Exercise-Induced Feeling Inventory (EIFI), Modified Baecke Physical Activity Questionnaire (MBPAQ), World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF), and Contour Drawing Rating Scale (CDRS). Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and regression analysis were employed to analyze the data.

Results
The analysis revealed significant correlations between depression (mean = 5.97, SD = 4.21), stress (mean = 7.81, SD = 4.80), and anxiety (mean = 6.17, SD = 4.58) with affective valence (p < 0.05), mood states (p < 0.05), physical activity (p < 0.05), body image perception (p < 0.05), and social relations quality (p < 0.05). Additionally, mood states (mean = 20.73, SD = 10.60), physical activity (mean = 8.43, SD = 1.35), body image perception (mean = 4.21, SD = 1.91), and social relations quality (mean = 12.46, SD = 2.33) were identified as significant predictors of mental health outcomes (p < 0.05).

Conclusions
These findings underscore the complex interplay between mental health indicators and various dimensions of quality of life, emphasizing the necessity for a comprehensive approach to mental health care. By identifying these predictors, we have gained a clearer understanding of the factors that impact mental health in this specific population. The insights gained highlight the value of interventions aimed at improving mood, increasing physical activity, enhancing body image, and strengthening social connections. These targeted strategies could effectively address mental health issues and promote well-being among law students. Future research should further investigate these relationships and develop tailored interventions to better support students’ mental health. This study contributes to understanding the complex interplay between mental health and quality of life, offering a foundation for both practical interventions and future research.
Potential of epicatechin as antioxidant and antiaging in UV-induced BJ cells by regulating COL1A1, FGF-2, GPX-1, and MMP-1 gene, protein levels, and apoptosis
Authors: Widowati Wahyu , Wargasetia Teresa Liliana , Rahardja Fanny , Tih Fen , Onggowidjaja Philips , Tjokropranoto Rita , Zahiroh Fadhilah Haifa , Azis Rizal , Priyandoko Didik , Surakusumah Wahyu , Hadiprasetyo Dhanar Septyawan 
Published: November 2024

Background
Oxidative stress caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light on the skin can damage deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and cause keratinocytes to undergo apoptosis. Endogenous antioxidants which play a role in trapping free radicals are also unable to overcome excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the body due to UV exposure, so exogenous antioxidants are needed. Polyphenolic compounds extracted from natural ingredients such as flavonoids, quercetin, and epicatechin have quite strong antioxidant activity. This is influenced by the chemical structure of these compounds which are rich in hydroxyl groups and aromatic groups. This structure allows the compound to become an electron donor so that it can neutralize free radicals. In vitro research was used to see the potential effectiveness of epicatechin as an antiaging and antioxidant. The study aims to confirm the potential of epicatechin as an antiaging by in vitro assay.

Methods
The viability test of epicatechin on human skin fibroblast (BJ) cells was carried out using the water-soluble tetrazolium (WST) assay. BJ cells were UV-induced as a cell model of premature aging. Epicatechin 6.25, 12.5, and 25 µg/mL were administered to UV-induced BJ cells. The gene expression of Collagen I Alpha 1 (COL1A1), matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1), fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2), and glutathione peroxidase-1 (GPX-1) were analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Elastin (ELN), hyaluronidase (HAase), cyclooxigenase-2 (COX-2), 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OhdG), and melatonin (MT) protein levels were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The apoptosis of BJ cells was analyzed using flow cytometry.

Results
Treatment with epicatechin increased relative gene expression including COL1A1 (5.94), FGF-2 (8.34), and GPX-1 (8.09), and also decreased MMP-1 (2.90) relative gene expression compared to the UV-induced BJ cells. Epicatechin also increased levels of ELN (107.7 ng/mg protein) and MT (830 ng/mg protein) levels compared to the UV-induced BJ cells. Epicatechin treatment decreased levels of HAase (505.96 ng/mg protein), COX-2 (33.69 ng/mg protein), and 8-OHdG (97.87 ng/mg protein) compared to the UV-induced BJ cells. Epicatechin also succeeded in maintaining the percentage of live cells and reducing apoptosis, necrotic of UV-induced skin fibroblast cells.

Conclusions
Epicatechin has the potential to be an antiaging agent by in vitro assay.
Seroprevalence and silent infection rate during SARS-CoV-2 pandemic among children and adolescents in Western Pomerania: a multicenter, cross-sectional study—the COVIDKID study
Authors: Vollmer Marcus , Kuthning Daniela , Gramenz Jana , Scholz Arevik , Michael Robin , Wittmann Nico , Gesser Udo , Niesytto Christian , Vogler Antje , Tuxhorn Vanda , Lenschow Ute , Lange Anja , Linnemann Kristina , Lode Holger , Kaderali Lars , Meyer-Bahlburg Almut 
Published: November 2024

Background
Limited data on SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in rural areas of northern Germany necessitate comprehensive cohort studies. We aimed to evaluate the seroprevalence, silent infection (SI) rates and risk factors for infections among children and adolescents in Western Pomerania from December 2020 to August 2022.

Methods
In this cross-sectional study, serum or plasma samples from children and adolescents (6 months to 17 years) were collected during routine blood draw. SARS-CoV-2 specific antibodies (S1 and nucleocapsid) and their neutralizing capacity were analyzed using commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent and neutralization assays. Socio-demographic data and information about SARS-CoV-2 infection or vaccination were obtained. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify independent risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infections and SI.

Results
A total of 1,131 blood samples were included into the study. Overall, SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence was 25.1%, strongly influenced by the pandemic course, predominant virus variants, age and approval of vaccination. SI rate was 5.4% (95%-CI [3.7%–6.8%]) among unvaccinated and undiagnosed children over the entire study period with highest rates among adolescents. Main risk factor despite the time at risk for silent infections was an infected household member (Odds ratio = 9.88, 95%-CI [4.23–22.9], p < 0.001). Factors associated with overall infections (known and silent) also include the infection of a household member (Odds ratio = 17.8, 95%-CI [10.7–29.6], p < 0.001).

Conclusions
We believe that the introduction of governmental measures and systematic test strategies in schools strongly impacted on the SI rate, as we suspect that asymptomatic cases have already been identified, resulting in surprisingly low SI identified in our study.
Comprehensive Review of Crop Water Requirement Estimation Techniques: Approaches, Challenges, and Future Directions
Authors: Dixit Sakshi , Singh Vikas K. , Shivam  , Ankit  , Roshan Vipin Kumar , Tiwari Sarvda Nand , Mathur Akanksha , Akram Mo , Ali Khwahiz 
Published: November 2024

In order to meet the growing demand for water, water scarcity is a significant issue that needs attention. Agriculture crops are not getting enough water because of this problem. Consequently, figuring out how much water a given crop needs requires using the right method. Accurate crop water requirements must be measured in order to schedule irrigation effectively, which in turn leads to efficient crop water management. To restore the lost moisture and promote the best possible growth for plants, irrigation is used. Water management and irrigation scheduling fundamentally depend on an accurate calculation of the crop's crop water requirements (ETc). Accurate evapotranspiration measurements are necessary for effective irrigation water management. Evapotranspiration (ET), a process that measures the amount of water lost from soil and crops through transpiration and evaporation processes, respectively, is dependent on a variety of meteorological factors. A significant factor in determining crop water requirements and irrigation schedules is reference evapotranspiration. There exist multiple theories and methodologies for estimating reference evapotranspiration, ranging from empirical to physical based. Reference Evapotranspiration is referred to the idea behind ET is to calculate ET based on a reference surface that is comparable to a deep surface of green grass that is consistently growing, completely covering the surface with enough water, and looking stable. The goal of irrigation futures is to choose a suitable model for estimating reference crop evapotranspiration. In order to calculate the amount of water needed for a crop, multiply ETo by the crop coefficient (Kc), which is dependent on the phases and length of a crop's growth. Regression, fuzzy logic, Penman-Monteith, Blaney-Criddle, Hargreaves, ANN and WNN, and other conventional and non-traditional methods are used to estimate ETo.
Physiological and pathological high frequency oscillations in focal epilepsy
Authors: Cimbalnik Jan , Brinkmann Benjamin , Kremen Vaclav , Jurak Pavel , Berry Brent , Gompel Jamie Van , Stead Matt , Worrell Greg 
Published: August 2018

AbstractObjectiveThis study investigates high‐frequency oscillations (HFOs; 65–600 Hz) as a biomarker of epileptogenic brain and explores three barriers to their clinical translation: (1) Distinguishing pathological HFOs (pathHFO) from physiological HFOs (physHFO). (2) Classifying tissue under individual electrodes as epileptogenic (3) Reproducing results across laboratories.MethodsWe recorded HFOs using intracranial EEG (iEEG) in 90 patients with focal epilepsy and 11 patients without epilepsy. In nine patients with epilepsy putative physHFOs were induced by cognitive or motor tasks. HFOs were identified using validated detectors. A support vector machine (SVM) using HFO features was developed to classify tissue under individual electrodes as normal or epileptogenic.ResultsThere was significant overlap in the amplitude, frequency, and duration distributions for spontaneous physHFO, task induced physHFO, and pathHFO, but the amplitudes of the pathHFO were higher (P < 0.0001). High gamma pathHFO had the strongest association with seizure onset zone (SOZ), and were elevated on SOZ electrodes in 70% of epilepsy patients (P < 0.0001). Failure to resect tissue generating high gamma pathHFO was associated with poor outcomes (P < 0.0001). A SVM classified individual electrodes as epileptogenic with 63.9% sensitivity and 73.7% specificity using SOZ as the target.InterpretationA broader range of interictal pathHFO (65–600 Hz) than previously recognized are biomarkers of epileptogenic brain, and are associated with SOZ and surgical outcome. Classification of HFOs into physiological or pathological remains challenging. Classification of tissue under individual electrodes was demonstrated to be feasible. The open source data and algorithms provide a resource for future studies.
Soft Microreactors for the Deposition of Conductive Metallic Traces on Planar, Embossed, and Curved Surfaces
Authors: Konda Abhiteja , Rau Advaith , Stoller Michael A. , Taylor Jay M. , Salam Abdul , Pribil Gabriel A. , Argyropoulos Christos , Morin Stephen A. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractAdvanced manufacturing strategies have enabled large‐scale, economical, and efficient production of electronic components that are an integral part of various consumer products ranging from simple toys to intricate computing systems; however, the circuitry for these components is (by and large) produced via top‐down lithography and is thus limited to planar surfaces. The present work demonstrates the use of reconfigurable soft microreactors for the patterned deposition of conductive copper traces on flat and embossed two‐dimensional (2D) substrates as well as nonplanar substrates made from different commodity plastics. Using localized, flow‐assisted, low‐temperature, electroless copper deposition, conductive metallic traces are fabricated, which, when combined with various off‐the‐shelf electronic components, enabled the production of simple circuits and antennas with unique form factors. This solution‐phase approach to the patterned deposition of functional inorganic materials selectively on different polymeric components will provide relatively simple, inexpensive processing opportunities for the fabrication of 2D/nonplanar devices when compared to complicated manufacturing methods such as laser‐directed structuring. Further, this approach to the patterned metallization of different commodity plastics offers unique design opportunities applicable to the fabrication of planar and nonplanar electronic and interconnect devices, and other free‐form electronics with less structural “bloat” and weight (by directly coating support elements with circuitry).
Solution‐Based Processing of Optoelectronically Active Indium Selenide
Authors: Kang Joohoon , Wells Spencer A. , Sangwan Vinod K. , Lam David , Liu Xiaolong , Luxa Jan , Sofer Zdeněk , Hersam Mark C. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractLayered indium selenide (InSe) presents unique properties for high‐performance electronic and optoelectronic device applications. However, efforts to process InSe using traditional liquid phase exfoliation methods based on surfactant‐assisted aqueous dispersions or organic solvents with high boiling points compromise electronic properties due to residual surface contamination and chemical degradation. Here, these limitations are overcome by utilizing a surfactant‐free, low boiling point, deoxygenated cosolvent system. The resulting InSe flakes and thin films possess minimal processing residues and are structurally and chemically pristine. When employed in photodetectors, individual InSe nanosheets exhibit a maximum photoresponsivity of ≈5 × 107 A W−1, which is the highest value of any solution‐processed monolithic semiconductor to date. Furthermore, the surfactant‐free cosolvent system not only stabilizes InSe dispersions but is also amenable to the assembly of electronically percolating InSe flake arrays without posttreatment, which enables the realization of ultrahigh performance thin‐film photodetectors. This surfactant‐free, deoxygenated cosolvent approach can be generalized to other layered materials, thereby presenting additional opportunities for solution‐processed thin‐film electronic and optoelectronic technologies.
Duvelisib, an oral dual PI3K‐δ,γ inhibitor, shows clinical and pharmacodynamic activity in chronic lymphocytic leukemia and small lymphocytic lymphoma in a phase 1 study
Authors: O'Brien Susan , Patel Manish , Kahl Brad S. , Horwitz Steven M. , Foss Francine M. , Porcu Pierluigi , Jones Jeffrey , Burger Jan , Jain Nitin , Allen Kerstin , Faia Kerrie , Douglas Mark , Stern Howard M. , Sweeney Jennifer , Kelly Patrick , Kelly Virginia , Flinn Ian 
Published: August 2018

AbstractDuvelisib (IPI‐145), an oral, dual inhibitor of phosphoinositide‐3‐kinase (PI3K)‐δ and ‐γ, was evaluated in a Phase 1 study in advanced hematologic malignancies, which included expansion cohorts in relapsed/refractory (RR) chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)/small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL) and treatment‐naïve (TN) CLL. Per protocol, TN patients were at least 65 years old or had a del(17p)/TP53 mutation. Duvelisib was administered twice daily (BID) in 28‐day cycles at doses of 8‐75 mg in RR patients (n = 55) and 25 mg in TN patients (n = 18.) Diarrhea was the most common nonhematologic AE (TN 78%, RR 47%); transaminase elevations the most frequent lab‐abnormality AE (TN 33.3%, RR 30.9%); and neutropenia the most common ≥grade 3 AE (RR 44%, TN 33%). The overall response rates were 56.4% for RR patients (1.8% CR, 54.5% PR) and 83.3% for TN patients (all PRs); median response duration was 21.0 months in RR patients but was not reached for TN patients. Based upon phase 1 efficacy, pharmacodynamics, and safety, duvelisib 25 mg BID was selected for further investigation in a phase 3 study in RR CLL/SLL.
The proton conductivities of two silver‐thiophene‐2‐carboxylate coordination polymer and the relationship between the dimensionality and properity
Authors: Du Jun , Sun Xingyu , He Yuanchun , Yu Yang , Zheng Xiaofeng , Tian Laijin , Liu Zhe 
Published: August 2018

Two 1D tpa complexes [Ag(tpa)(2‐apy)]n (1) and {[Ag(3‐apy)]·(tpa)·(H2O)}n (2) have been obtained from higher dimensional silver complex reaction systems and characterized. The complexes of 1 and 2 exhibit superprotonic conductivities with 3.27 × 10−2 S·cm−1 and 2.25 × 10−2 S·cm−1 respectively, in the same order of magnitude with that of the 1D 2,5‐tpa complex. The structures and topological analyses show the relative positions of substituents in neutral ligands affect the existence modes of tpa ligands, influencing the topological results and distributions of proton conduction sites, which do not affect the proton conductivities of the complexes dramatically. Instead, the dimensionalities of the complexes are closely related to the proton conductivities, indicating that in high humidity, abundant hydrogen‐bond networks are formed in pores and between main frameworks of the proton conductive compounds and influence the performance.
Ferrocene‐appended donor–π–acceptor Schiff base: Structural, nonlinear optical, aggregation‐induced emission and density functional theory studies
Authors: David Ezhumalai , Thirumoorthy Krishnan , Palanisami Nallasamy 
Published: August 2018

New ferrocenyl Schiff bases [Fc─C(H)═N─C6H3(OH)(R)] (R = H (1), NO2 (2)) have been synthesized and characterized using various techniques. Compound 2 was further confirmed using single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis. Solvatochromism studies of 2 showed redshift from nonpolar to polar solvents. In addition, results of fluorescence studies indicated excellent aggregation‐induced emission properties. The quasi‐reversible redox wave in electrochemical studies of the Schiff bases evidenced the electron transfer ability of ferrocene to the Schiff base (─C═N─) conjugation group. The second‐order nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of 1 and 2 were investigated using the Kurtz–Perry powder technique and 2 showed an effect 1.46 times greater than that of urea reference. Although 2 crystallized in the P21/c centrosymmetric space group, NLO property was observed, due to non‐covalent interactions (C─H⋅⋅⋅π). The band gaps were calculated using the diffuse reflectance spectroscopic method and 2 exhibited a low band gap of 2.9 eV which is due to the more electron‐withdrawing nature of the nitro group. Quantum chemical calculations were performed on the synthesized compounds using the density functional theory (DFT) and time‐dependent DFT approach. The theoretical studies showed that the band gap for the Schiff bases was 3.8 eV (1) and 3.2 eV (2) and they can be considered as candidates for use in optical applications.