bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Well-Being and Suicidality Among Transgender Youth After Gender-Affirming Hormones
Authors: Allen Luke R. , Watson Laurel B. , Egan Anna M. , Moser Christine N. 
Published: September 2019

Objective: This study is a longitudinal evaluation of the effectiveness of gender-affirming hormones for improving psychological well-being and decreasing suicidality among transgender youth referred to a transgender health specialty clinic at a large Midwest children’s hospital. Method: Forty-seven youth (13.73–19.04 years; M = 16.59, SD = 1.19) who received gender-affirming hormones were assessed at least 2 times: before the start of treatment and at least 3 months after treatment. Results: After gender-affirming hormones, a significant increase in levels of general well-being and a significant decrease in levels of suicidality were observed. Conclusion: These findings suggest that gender-affirming hormones are a valuable medical intervention with promising psychosocial outcomes for transgender youth. Implications for Impact Statement This study suggests that gender-affirming hormones are a helpful medical intervention for transgender youth. Gender-affirming hormones were found to be associated with decreases in suicidality and improvements in general well-being.
Family Discussions of Early Childhood Social Transitions
Authors: Olson Kristina R. , Blotner Charlie , Alonso Daniel , Lewis Kayla , Edwards Deja , Durwood Lily 
Published: September 2019

Objective: An increasing number of children are socially transitioning to live as their identified genders rather than their assigned sexes, yet little empirical work has examined the decision-making process surrounding social transitions. We aimed to understand (a) why parents and their gender-nonconforming children do and do not consider social transitions and (b) whether families discuss social transitions both before and after initial social transitions. Method: Studies 1 and 2 involved telephone interviews of parents of socially transitioned transgender children ( N = 60) and gender-nonconforming children who were not socially transitioned ( N = 60), respectively. Study 3 involved an online survey of 266 parents of socially transitioned transgender children. Results: Parents of socially transitioned transgender children (Study 1) and parents of gender-nonconforming children who are not socially transitioned (Study 2) often reported that their children had led the decision to transition or not. Most parents of gender-nonconforming children who had not transitioned had discussed transitioning (Study 2), and most parents of socially transitioned transgender children reported discussing the option of future retransitions (Study 3). Conclusions: Parents often report that they and their children are discussing social transitions, a process that children are leading. In contrast to possible concerns about discussing transitions, our results suggest that many families openly discuss the possibility of their children transitioning (or retransitioning), yet these discussions do not inevitably lead to an imminent transition. Implications for Impact Statement Parents report that they are discussing social transitions and retransitions with their children and that their children are leading the decision-making process. These findings suggest that pediatric psychologists can play a role in facilitating discussions about social transitions and retransitions, knowing such discussions are unlikely to invariably lead to a transition in the short term.
The Relationship Between Family Acceptance-Rejection and Transgender Youth Psychosocial Functioning
Authors: Pariseau Emily M. , Chevalier Lydia , Long Kristin A. , Clapham Rebekah , Edwards-Leeper Laura , Tishelman Amy C. 
Published: September 2019

Objective: Transgender youth have a high risk of adverse mental health outcomes. Family acceptance may play a protective role in transgender youth’s psychosocial adjustment; however, studies have largely examined acceptance independent from gender identity, averaged across family members, and in extreme examples (i.e., high acceptance or high rejection). Grounded in interpersonal acceptance-rejection theory, this study documents transgender youth’s experiences of family acceptance-rejection across family members, including siblings, and investigates the relationship between family acceptance-rejection and youth psychosocial functioning. Method: Fifty-four youth completed psychosocial questionnaires, and youth and caregivers completed semistructured clinical interviews, which were coded for family acceptance-rejection. Analyses examined associations between acceptance-rejection and psychosocial variables. Results: Lower primary caregiver past acceptance predicted increased youth depressive/anxiety symptoms/internalizing problems. Higher secondary caregiver indifference predicted increased youth depressive symptoms. Lower sibling acceptance predicted increased youth suicidal ideation. Conclusions: Findings demonstrate that family acceptance-rejection plays an important role in the psychosocial adjustment of transgender youth. New to the existing literature are the findings that caregiver indifference and sibling acceptance are associated with mental health outcomes. Implications for Impact Statement Family acceptance and rejection play an important role in the adjustment of transgender youth. It is imperative for providers to evaluate acceptance and rejection across family members and to work with families to foster supportive relationships.
Building Professional Competency: Training Psychologists in Gender Affirmative Care
Authors: Oransky Matthew , Burke Elizabeth Zacher , Steever John 
Published: September 2019

Objective: This article describes a curriculum aimed at training psychology doctoral interns to provide gender affirmative care to transgender and gender-nonconforming (TGNC) youth. Method: The training curriculum has been developed over the last 4 years, during which time it has been offered as an elective rotation in an American Psychological Association–Accredited doctoral internship. Results: We present our educational philosophy, the progression of training activities, and 7 areas of competency that are targeted in the training. Each competency area includes a rationale for including it in the curriculum and a set of training activities organized along three primary principles of training: training that is sequential and graduated in difficulty, training that is interdisciplinary, and training that emphasizes self-reflection. Conclusion: Child and adolescent psychologists trained to work in interdisciplinary medical settings may be especially equipped to meet the mental health needs of TGNC youth. Psychologists with expertise in providing care to TGNC youth can help improve access to care through implementing training curricula for psychology trainees. Implications for Impact Statement This article addresses a critical gap in pediatric psychology training—training to provide gender affirmative care to transgender and gender nonconforming youth. The article describes a comprehensive training curriculum that can be adapted for multiple settings.
Newly identified LMO3-BORCS5 fusion oncogene in Ewing sarcoma at relapse is a driver of tumor progression
Authors: Dupain Célia , Gracia Céline , Harttrampf Anne C. , Rivière Julie , Geoerger Birgit , Massaad-Massade Liliane 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Recently, we detected a new fusion transcript LMO3-BORCS5 in a patient with Ewing sarcoma within a cohort of relapsed pediatric cancers. LMO3-BORCS5 was as highly expressed as the characteristic fusion oncogene EWS/FLI1. However, the expression level of LMO3-BORCS5 at diagnosis was very low. Sanger sequencing depicted two LMO3-BORCS5 variants leading to loss of the functional domain LIM2 in LMO3 gene, and disruption of BORCS5. In vitro studies showed that LMO3-BORCS5 (i) increases proliferation, (ii) decreases expression of apoptosis-related genes and treatment sensitivity, and (iii) downregulates genes involved in differentiation and upregulates proliferative and extracellular matrix-related pathways. Remarkably, in vivo LMO3-BORCS5 demonstrated its high oncogenic potential by inducing tumors in mouse fibroblastic NIH-3T3 cell line. Moreover, BORCS5 probably acts, in vivo, as a tumor-suppressor gene. In conclusion, functional studies of fusion oncogenes at relapse are of great importance to define mechanisms involved in tumor progression and resistance to conventional treatments.
A role for vitamin D and omega-3 fatty acids in major depression? An exploration using genomics
Authors: Milaneschi Yuri , Peyrot Wouter J. , Nivard Michel G. , Mbarek Hamdi , Boomsma Dorret I. , W.J.H. Penninx Brenda 
Published: September 2019

AbstractTrials testing the effect of vitamin D or omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n3-PUFA) supplementation on major depressive disorder (MDD) reported conflicting findings. These trials were inspired by epidemiological evidence suggesting an inverse association of circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OH-D) and n3-PUFA levels with MDD. Observational associations may emerge from unresolved confounding, shared genetic risk, or direct causal relationships. We explored the nature of these associations exploiting data and statistical tools from genomics. Results from genome-wide association studies on 25-OH-D (N = 79 366), n3-PUFA (N = 24 925), and MDD (135 458 cases, 344 901 controls) were applied to individual-level data (>2000 subjects with measures of genotype, DSM-IV (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition) lifetime MDD diagnoses and circulating 25-OH-D and n3-PUFA) and summary-level data analyses. Shared genetic risk between traits was tested by polygenic risk scores (PRS). Two-sample Mendelian Randomization (2SMR) analyses tested the potential bidirectional causality between traits. In individual-level data analyses, PRS were associated with the phenotype of the same trait (PRS 25-OH-D p = 1.4e − 20, PRS n3-PUFA p = 9.3e − 6, PRS MDD p = 1.4e − 4), but not with the other phenotypes, suggesting a lack of shared genetic effects. In summary-level data analyses, 2SMR analyses provided no evidence of a causal role on MDD of 25-OH-D (p = 0.50) or n3-PUFA (p = 0.16), or for a causal role of MDD on 25-OH-D (p = 0.25) or n3-PUFA (p = 0.66). Applying genomics tools indicated that shared genetic risk or direct causality between 25-OH-D, n3-PUFA, and MDD is unlikely: unresolved confounding may explain the associations reported in observational studies. These findings represent a cautionary tale for testing supplementation of these compounds in preventing or treating MDD.
Coordination chemistry of 2D and layered gray arsenic: photochemical functionalization with chromium hexacarbonyl
Authors: Sturala Jiri , Sofer Zdenek , Pumera Martin 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe functionalization of layered materials is one of the current challenges in material science. Exfoliated rhombohedral (gray) arsenic represents a promising layered material for the fabrication of electronic devices and sensors; however, synthetic protocols for tuning its properties or protecting the surface by covalent functionalization are not known. In this communication, we present its covalent functionalization accompanied by the exfoliation of rhombohedral arsenic in the presence of ultraviolet light irradiation and chromium hexacarbonyl. During this modification, the arsenic atoms act as ligands to the chromium metal center. We believe that this study provides a promising approach for the modification of rhombohedral few-layer arsenene and enables its application in various fields, including electronic devices, sensors, and energy devices.
Neural sensitization improves encoding fidelity in the primate retina
Authors: Appleby Todd R. , Manookin Michael B. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAn animal’s motion through the environment can induce large and frequent fluctuations in light intensity on the retina. These fluctuations pose a major challenge to neural circuits tasked with encoding visual information, as they can cause cells to adapt and lose sensitivity. Here, we report that sensitization, a short-term plasticity mechanism, solves this difficult computational problem by maintaining neuronal sensitivity in the face of these fluctuations. The numerically dominant output pathway in the macaque monkey retina, the midget (parvocellular-projecting) pathway, undergoes sensitization under specific conditions, including simulated eye movements. Sensitization is present in the excitatory synaptic inputs from midget bipolar cells and is mediated by presynaptic disinhibition from a wide-field mechanism extending >0.5 mm along the retinal surface. Direct physiological recordings and a computational model indicate that sensitization in the midget pathway supports accurate sensory encoding and prevents a loss of responsiveness during dynamic visual processing.
Ethylene-mediated nitric oxide depletion pre-adapts plants to hypoxia stress
Authors: Hartman Sjon , Liu Zeguang , van Veen Hans , Vicente Jorge , Reinen Emilie , Martopawiro Shanice , Zhang Hongtao , van Dongen Nienke , Bosman Femke , Bassel George W. , Visser Eric J. W. , Bailey-Serres Julia , Theodoulou Frederica L. , Hebelstrup Kim H. , Gibbs Daniel J. , Holdsworth Michael J. , Sasidharan Rashmi , Voesenek Laurentius A. C. J. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractTimely perception of adverse environmental changes is critical for survival. Dynamic changes in gases are important cues for plants to sense environmental perturbations, such as submergence. In Arabidopsis thaliana, changes in oxygen and nitric oxide (NO) control the stability of ERFVII transcription factors. ERFVII proteolysis is regulated by the N-degron pathway and mediates adaptation to flooding-induced hypoxia. However, how plants detect and transduce early submergence signals remains elusive. Here we show that plants can rapidly detect submergence through passive ethylene entrapment and use this signal to pre-adapt to impending hypoxia. Ethylene can enhance ERFVII stability prior to hypoxia by increasing the NO-scavenger PHYTOGLOBIN1. This ethylene-mediated NO depletion and consequent ERFVII accumulation pre-adapts plants to survive subsequent hypoxia. Our results reveal the biological link between three gaseous signals for the regulation of flooding survival and identifies key regulatory targets for early stress perception that could be pivotal for developing flood-tolerant crops.
Dimensional ensemble and (topological) fracton thermodynamics: the slow route to equilibrium
Authors: Flores J. C. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe use of the dimensional-ensemble becomes compulsory when spatial dimensions are not well defined. Consequently, apart from temperature, thermodynamic equilibrium requires an additional configurational parameter. Two representative cases are considered in detail: oscillators with undefined spatial dimension and topological fractons. Spatial dimension and energy are determined as a function of temperature in both cases. At low temperatures, specific heat behaves exponentially, meaning it creates a slow route to equilibrium. In accordance with experiments, calculations suggest that the spatial dimension diminishes when temperature decreases. Parameter values are computed using data obtained from almost two-dimensional graphene and porous compounds.
Development of flash-flood tolerant and durable bacterial blight resistant versions of mega rice variety ‘Swarna’ through marker-assisted backcross breeding
Authors: Pradhan Sharat Kumar , Pandit Elssa , Pawar Swapnil , Baksh Shaikh Yasin , Mukherjee Arup Kumar , Mohanty Shakti Prakash 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBacterial blight (BB) disease and submergence due to flash flood are the two major constraints for achieving higher yield from rainfed lowland rice. Marker-assisted backcross breeding was followed to develop submergence tolerant and durable BB resistant variety in the background of popular cultivar ‘Swarna’. Four BB resistance genesviz., Xa4,xa5,xa13,Xa21andSub1QTL for submergence tolerance were incorporated into the mega variety. Foreground selection for the five target genes was performed using closely linked markers and tracked in each backcross generations. Background selection in plants carrying the target genes was performed by using 100 simple sequence repeat markers. Amongst backcross derivatives, the plant carrying five target genes and maximum recurrent parent genome content was selected in each generation and hybridized with recipient parent. Eighteen BC3F2plants were obtained by selfing the selected BC3F1line. Amongst the pyramided lines, 3 lines were homozygous for all the target genes. Bioassay of the 18 pyramided lines containing BB resistance genes was conducted against differentXoostrains conferred very high levels of resistance to the predominant isolates. The pyramided lines also exhibited submergence tolerance for 14 days. The pyramided lines were similar to the recurrent parent in 14 morpho-quality traits.
Transcriptome and gene expression analysis of three developmental stages of the coffee berry borer, Hypothenemus hampei
Authors: Noriega Daniel D. , Arias Paula L. , Barbosa Helena R. , Arraes Fabricio B. M. , Ossa Gustavo A. , Villegas Bernardo , Coelho Roberta R. , Albuquerque Erika V. S. , Togawa Roberto C. , Grynberg Priscila , Wang Haichuan , Vélez Ana M. , Arboleda Jorge W. , Grossi-de-Sa Maria F. , Silva Maria C. M. , Valencia-Jiménez Arnubio 
Published: September 2019

AbstractCoffee production is a global industry valued at approximately 173 billion US dollars. One of the main challenges facing coffee production is the management of the coffee berry borer (CBB), Hypothenemus hampei, which is considered the primary arthropod pest of coffee worldwide. Current control strategies are inefficient for CBB management. Although biotechnological alternatives, including RNA interference (RNAi), have been proposed in recent years to control insect pests, characterizing the genetics of the target pest is essential for the successful application of these emerging technologies. In this study, we employed RNA-seq to obtain the transcriptome of three developmental stages of the CBB (larva, female and male) to increase our understanding of the CBB life cycle in relation to molecular features. The CBB transcriptome was sequenced using Illumina Hiseq and assembled de novo. Differential gene expression analysis was performed across the developmental stages. The final assembly produced 29,434 unigenes, of which 4,664 transcripts were differentially expressed. Genes linked to crucial physiological functions, such as digestion and detoxification, were determined to be tightly regulated between the reproductive and nonreproductive stages of CBB. The data obtained in this study help to elucidate the critical roles that several genes play as regulatory elements in CBB development.
Freezability biomarkers in bull epididymal spermatozoa
Authors: Ryu Do-Yeal , Song Won-Hee , Pang Won-Ki , Yoon Sung-Jae , Rahman Md Saidur , Pang Myung-Geol 
Published: September 2019

AbstractSperm cryopreservation is an important tool for storing genetic traits and assisted reproduction techniques. Several studies have developed semen cryopreservation protocols. However, the sperm proteome is different between ejaculated and epididymal spermatozoa and little is known about cryopreservation effects on epididymal spermatozoa. Therefore, our study aimed to (i) investigate the differences of sperm parameters based on the freezing tolerance of spermatozoa and (ii) identify potential markers to predict the freezability of bull epididymal spermatozoa. Our preliminary study demonstrated that spermatozoa from individual bulls differ in cryopreservation freezability. We categorized spermatozoa into high freezing-tolerant spermatozoa and low freezing-tolerant spermatozoa group based on sperm motility after freezing/thawing. We evaluated several sperm functional parameters, including sperm motility/motion kinematics, sperm speed parameters, viability, mitochondrial activity, and capacitation status. Our results demonstrated that motility, sperm speed parameters, viability, and mitochondrial membrane potential had significant differences between the two groups but motion kinematics and capacitation status did not. In addition, the concentration of three proteins - glutathione s-transferase mu 5, voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 2, and ATP synthase subunit beta, differed between both groups. Thus, our research highlighted differences in bull epididymal spermatozoa freezability upon cryopreservation and these proteins might be useful markers to select high freezing-tolerant epididymal spermatozoa.
Transient receptor potential ankyrin1 channel is endogenously expressed in T cells and is involved in immune functions
Authors: Sahoo Subhransu Sekhar , Majhi Rakesh Kumar , Tiwari Ankit , Acharya Tusar , Kumar P. Sanjai , Saha Somdatta , Kumar Abhishek , Goswami Chandan , Chattopadhyay Subhasis 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Transient receptor potential channel subfamily A member 1 (TRPA1) is a non-selective cationic channel, identified initially as a cold sensory receptor. TRPA1 responds to diverse exogenous and endogenous stimuli associated with pain and inflammation. However, the information on the role of TRPA1 toward T-cell responses remains scanty. In silico data suggest that TRPA1 can play an important role in the T-cell activation process. In this work, we explored the endogenous expression of TRPA1 and its function in T cells. By reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), confocal microscopy and flow cytometry, we demonstrated that TRPA1 is endogenously expressed in primary murine splenic T cells as well as in primary human T cells. TRPA1 is primarily located at the cell surface. TRPA1-specific activator namely allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) increases intracellular calcium ion (Ca2+) levels while two different inhibitors namely A-967079 as well as HC-030031 reduce intracellular Ca2+ levels in T cells; TRPA1 inhibition also reduces TCR-mediated calcium influx. TRPA1 expression was found to be increased during αCD3/αCD28 (TCR) or Concanavalin A (ConA)-driven stimulation in T cells. TRPA1-specific inhibitor treatment prevented induction of cluster of differentiation 25 (CD25), cluster of differentiation 69 (CD69) in ConA/TCR stimulated T cells and secretion of cytokines like tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interferon γ (IFN-γ), and interleukin 2 (IL-2) suggesting that endogenous activity of TRPA1 may be involved in T-cell activation. Collectively these results may have implication in T cell-mediated responses and indicate possible role of TRPA1 in immunological disorders.