bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hypothesis testing for detecting outlier evaluators
Authors: Xu Li , Zucker David M. , Wang Molin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In epidemiological studies, the measurements of disease outcomes are carried out by different evaluators. In this paper, we propose a two-stage procedure for detecting outlier evaluators. In the first stage, a regression model is fitted to obtain the evaluators’ effects. Outlier evaluators have different effects than normal evaluators. In the second stage, stepwise hypothesis tests are performed to detect outlier evaluators. The true positive rate and true negative rate of the proposed procedure are assessed in a simulation study. We apply the proposed method to detect potential outlier audiologists among the audiologists who measured hearing threshold levels of the participants in the Audiology Assessment Arm of the Conservation of Hearing Study, which is an epidemiological study for examining risk factors of hearing loss.
Ethical considerations related to personal data collection and reuse: trust and transparency in language and speech technologies
Authors: Cheng Le , Han Jing , Nasirov Jahongir 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Amid rapid technological advancements in the contemporary digital landscape, the integrity of data management significantly influences organizational trustworthiness. Compliance with ethical norms and concepts is critical for maintaining confidentiality in language and speech technologies, emphasizing ethical considerations in the collection and use of personal data. Building trust in new technologies, including language and speech technologies, requires timely and responsible handling of personal data. This study aims to evaluate the ethical norms and associated risks involved in the process of collecting personal data. It includes an examination of core ethical principles, such as consent, transparency, fairness, and accountability, and how compliance with these principles can be ensured. The research employs a mixed methodology, incorporating literature review and ethical analysis. Ethical considerations are a significant part of the development and deployment of language and speech technologies. This includes respecting user privacy and transparency, eliminating algorithmic bias to enhance trust, and encouraging responsible innovation. Additionally, adherence to regulations such as the GDPR and CCPA is essential for protecting user rights. This study provides an overview of the ethical benefits and decisions associated with data management practices within speech technologies. It highlights the relevance of ethical principles in the development of language and speech technologies. By recognizing the importance of confidentiality, responsibility, and justice, this approach fosters trust and contributes to the responsible development and proper use of these transformative technologies. The findings emphasize the need for further research, regulatory supervision, and proactive ethical practices to navigate the digital era.
Mobile learning for less-commonly taught languages: design and application
Authors: Tang Jinlan , Zhai Yuming , Li Lingxiao , Liu Peixin , Deng Hongxun 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The increasing development of emerging technologies contributes to ubiquitous and personalized language learning. Hence this study reported a project of designing and applying mobile learning for a less-commonly taught language, Fijian language, at a university in China. Guided by the natural approach and the immersion method of foreign language learning, and principles of multimedia learning, a Fijian language learning application was designed and applied, involving creating a Fijian language environment via situational simulation and offering sufficient language practice and immediate feedback based on speech evaluation and adaptive learning. The rationale, course design, technology support, along with students’ Fijian learning experiences gauged from a questionnaire and an online group interview are documented and discussed. Learners reported increased interest, improvements in spoken communication and learner autonomy. The study will yield implications to future mobile language learning resources design and the pedagogy of integrating the application into teaching and learning of foreign languages.
Effects of PVA fibers and nano-SiO2 on rheological properties of geopolymer mortar
Authors: Zhang Guo , Zhang Peng , Guo Jinjun , Hu Shaowei 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Geopolymer mortar can be used as an environmentally friendly sustainable construction material for the repair and strengthening of already-existing structures with the utilization of various recycled materials, such as fly ash, slag powder, etc. With mature application of fibers and nanoparticles in construction materials, nano-SiO2 (NS) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fibers have been utilized to enhance the properties of geopolymer mortar, which has a major impact on the rheological properties of geopolymer mortar. The rheological property tests of geopolymer mortar were carried out in this study, and three indices including dynamic yield stress, static yield stress, and plastic viscosity were studied as rheological parameters. The results of the study were used to establish the relationships between PVA fiber content as well as NS content and rheological parameters. The results showed that a tendency of first decreasing and then increasing was observed in the rheological parameters with the addition of NS content from 0 to 2.5%. Compared with the geopolymer mortar without NS addition, the dynamic yield stress, static yield stress, and the plastic viscosity increased by 22.6, 12.4, and 22.9%, respectively, when NS content was 2.5%. The results showed that the rheological parameters of geopolymer mortar increased linearly with the increment in PVA fiber content which was less than 1.2%. In comparison to the geopolymer mortar without PVA fibers, the dynamic yield stress, static yield stress, and plastic viscosity increased by 65, 56, and 161%, respectively, as the PVA fiber content was 1.2%.
КОМПЛЕКСНОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ОСОБЕННОСТЕЙ МОЛЕКУЛЯРНОГО СОСТАВА И НАДМОЛЕКУЛЯРНОГО СТРОЕНИЯ УГЛЕЙ РАЗНЫХ СТАДИЙ МЕТАМОРФИЗМА
Authors: А.В. ОБУХОВА , Л.И. КУЗНЕЦОВА , С.С. КОСИЦЫНА , П.Н. КУЗНЕЦОВ 
Published: November 2024

С применением комплекса методов - ИК-спектроскопии, рентгенофазового анализа, кинетики набухания в растворителях и сорбции молекулярного йода - определены особенности молекулярного и надмолекулярного строения бурых и каменных углей ряда метаморфизма. Установлены связи надмолекулярного строения углей с показателями молекулярного состава, рассмотрены эволюция структуры углей в ряду метаморфизма и механизмы транспорта молекул растворителей в объем органической массы различных углей.
The features of the molecular and supramolecular structure of brown and bituminous coals at different metamorphisms stages have been determined using a complex of methods: IR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, the kinetics of swelling in solvents, and sorption of molecular iodine. The relations of the supramolecular structure of coals with the indicators of molecular composition are established, the evolution of coal structure in the series of metamorphism, the mechanisms of transport of solvent molecules into the volume of the organic mass of various coals are considered.
СИНТЕЗ ТЕТРАМЕТОКСИСИЛАНА ИЗ SIO2-СОДЕРЖАЩИХ ПРОМЫШЛЕННЫХ ОТХОДОВ
Authors: О.В. ПЕРЕРВА , М.В. ДМИТРИЕВА , П.А. СТОРОЖЕНКО 
Published: November 2024

Рассмотрены опубликованные данные и выполнен анализ технологических аспектов перспективного промышленного процесса бесхлорного получения алкоксисиланов из диоксида кремния. Особое внимание обращено на ключевые вопросы, до настоящего времени не освещенные в литературе. Показано, что сырьевая база синтеза алкоксисиланов может быть расширена за счет микросилики - отхода производства кремния и ферросилиция. Экспериментально подтверждено, что гидроксид калия, используемый как катализатор синтеза алкоксисиланов, может быть рекуперирован и возвращен в процесс. Установлено, что продукты синтеза тетраметоксисилана (Si(OMe)4) из диоксида кремния и диметилкарбоната содержат 55 компонентов (из них 45 высококипящих не идентифицировано). Основными примесями в продуктах реакции являются MeOH, CH2O, MeOMe и (MeO)3SiOSi(OMe)3. Рассмотрены технологические перспективы процесса получения Si(OMe)4 из промышленных отходов.
The published data are considered, and the technological aspects of a promising industrial process for the chlorine-free production of alkoxysilanes from silicon dioxide are analysed. Particular attention is paid to key issues that have not yet been considered in the literature. It is shown that the raw material base for the synthesis of alkoxysilanes can be expanded at the expense of microsilica, waste from the production of silicon and ferrosilicon. It has been experimentally confirmed that potassium hydroxide used as a catalyst for the synthesis of alkoxysilanes can be recovered and returned to the process. It has been established that the products of tetramethoxysilane (Si(OMe)4) synthesis from silicon dioxide and dimethyl carbonate contain 55 components (among them, 45 high-boiling ones have not been identified). The main impurities in the reaction products are MeOH, CH2O, MeOMe, and (MeO)3SiOSi(OMe)3. Technological prospects for the process of obtaining Si(OMe)4 from industrial wastes are considered.
МИКРОКОМПОНЕНТЫ В ПРИРОДНЫХ ВОДАХ НОВОСИБИРСКОЙ ГОРОДСКОЙ АГЛОМЕРАЦИИ: РАСПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ, ФОН, АНОМАЛИИ
Authors: А.В. ЧЕРНЫХ , Д.А. НОВИКОВ , А.А. МАКСИМОВА , Ф.Ф. ДУЛЬЦЕВ , А.С. ДЕРКАЧЕВ 
Published: November 2024

Исследовано распределение загрязняющих веществ 1 класса опасности и микрокомпонентов в природных водах Новосибирской городской агломерации, где немаловажную роль в загрязнении вод играет не только большое количество транспортных средств, но и промышленных предприятий. Показано, что природные воды в основном гидрокарбонатного кальциевого и кальциево-магниевого состава с величиной общей минерализации от 127 до 910 мг/дм3 и концентрацией кремния 0.14-11.61 мг/дм3. Геохимическая обстановка изменяется от восстановительной (Eh -164.3 мВ) до окислительной (Eh 442.1 мВ), pH 6.9-8.8 с содержанием O2(раств.) 0.48-20.28 мг/дм3. В черте города Новосибирска выявлены превышения фоновых значений по 33 химическим элементам, содержания загрязняющих веществ 1 класса опасности составляют, мг/дм3: для Be (6.4·10-6)-(1.4·10-4), As 0.0003-0.26, Hg (8.33·10-7)-(2.3·10-4), Tl (6.2·10-7)-(8.2·10-5), U (1.3·10-5)-0.21. Активность радона, установленная в природных водах города Новосибирска, изменяется от 1 до 1570 Бк/дм3. Определено, что активному антропогенному воздействию подвержены в основном речные воды Ини, 2-й Ельцовки, Плющихи, Ельцовки, Камышенки и Оби. В подземных водах выявлены большие несоответствия действующим нормативным документам и превышения предельно допустимых концентраций в скважине пос. Кирова (Mn - в 14 раз, Fe - в 10 раз, As - в 5 раз) и в СНТ "Тополь" (Mn - в 59 раз, Fe - в 94 раза, As - в 27 раз).
The distribution of the 1st hazard class substances and trace elements in the natural waters of the Novosibirsk urban agglomeration is investigated. A substantial role in water pollution is played in the study area not only by a large number of vehicles but also industrial enterprises. The composition of natural waters is determined as mainly hydrocarbonate calcium and hydrocarbonate calcium-magnesium, with total dissolved solids varying from 127 to 910 mg/dm3, and silicon concentration 0.14-11.61 mg/dm3. The geochemical setting changes from reducing (Eh -164.3 mV) to oxidizing (Eh 442.1 mV), pH 6.9-8.8 with O2(sol.) content 0.48-20.28 mg/dm3. Within the city of Novosibirsk, excesses of background values for 33 elements were revealed; the concentrations of the first hazard class substances are, mg/dm3: Be (6.4·10-6)-(1.4·10-4), As 0.0003-0.26, Hg (8.33·10-7)-(2.3·10-4), Tl (6.2·10-7)-(8.2·10-5), U (1.3·10-5)-0.21. The activity of radon, established in the natural waters of the city of Novosibirsk, varies from 1 to 1570 Bq/dm3. The waters under active anthropogenic load are mainly the river waters of the Inya, the Eltsovka the 2nd, the Plyushchikha, the Eltsovka, the Kamyshenka, and the Ob. In groundwater samples, excesses over the actual normative documents and maximum permissible levels were revealed in the well in Kirov settlement (Mn - by a factor of 14, Fe - 10, As - 5), and in the Topol Gardeners Non-Commercial Partnership (Mn - by a factor of 59, Fe - 94, and As - 27).
Bird of Minerva Havoc in Hiaasen's Hoot
Authors: Ramadhan Muhammad Royhan , Agustina Mia Fitria , Trisnawati Ririn Kurnia 
Published: November 2024

PurposeThis research aimed to study the connection and its consequences of massive development, particularly on the urban areas, towards burrowing owl's population decline and its effect. MethodThe qualitative method was applied to assist the data analysis process in this research. The data are taken from narrative and dialogue within the story. Ecocriticism theory is also implemented to help analyze the effect of urbanization in the story. Results/findingsThe research found that urbanization has dreadful consequences on environment. Urbanization not only drives burrowing owl's decline in population, it also disrupts the food chain system, and affects the population of pest. ConclusionThe study concluded that the effects of urbanization have a broader impact for the environment. Its negative impact can cause mayhem for human life. In accordance with that, this research suggests that urbanization must be planned carefully and consider the effect for the nature and ecosystem.
Language of Resistance: Linguistic Landscape in the Protest of Kanjuruan Tragedy, Indonesia
Authors: Muassomah Muassomah , Billah Baedt Giri Mukhoddam , Faisol M. , Halimi Halimi 
Published: November 2024

PurposeLinguistics landscape (LL) is not only a means of showing the identity of a language but also a constructive effort to fight for justice for society. Landscape in this study is a form of protest against security forces for the loss of life of 135 Aremania fans after watching a soccer match between Arema and Persebaya at the Kanjuruan stadium. This research aims, apart from mapping all signs from aspects of language use patterns, also to conduct a critical analysis of the language used. MethodThis study uses quantitative and qualitative methods based on documentation in the form of billboards, boards, and banners installed in various parts of Malang, Indonesia. Content analysis and critical analysis are used to analyze this research. Results/findingsThe findings of this study show that the language used in the landscape has two forms, monolingual and bilingual. In addition, it indicates that four languages are used in the sign. Indonesian has a higher quantity than English, Javanese, and Arabic. ConclusionThe language pattern used in the landscape tends to reflect sarcasm, cynicism, and rhetoric. This research suggests conducting a follow-up study that examines the same sign in the broader area, including Malang district and East Java region, to obtain varied data and various sign patterns. Thus the data information obtained is more comprehensive.
Optimizing Pilgrimage Traditions and Community Empowerment: Integration of Spirituality, Socio-Economy, and Technology in Pilgrimage Practices
Authors: Rohanda Rohanda , Saefullah Asep , Yunani Ahmad , Sukmawati Wati Solihat , Matin Usep Abdul 
Published: November 2024

PurposeThis study aimed to explore the optimalization of pilgrimage tradition by integrating social and economic empowerment and the use of technology to enhance spiritual experience, cultural resilience, and their role in strengthening social cohesion. MethodThe study employed a literature review and a theoretical analysis on the concepts of pilgrimage, cultural resilience, and religious tourism in the context of modernization and technology. This study used multi-dimensional approach to analyze the modernization of pilgrimage tradition. Here, this research used the digital technology, while maintaining its spiritual essence and socio-cultural resilience. FindingsThe Findings of the study showed that the pilgrimage tradition and religious tourism can have some contributions. They are empowering local economies through community-based management, strengthening cultural resilience by preserving traditional values, and using technology to improve an accessibility into the quality of spiritual experiences. Additionally, pilgrimage serves as a social interaction platform that fosters harmony in multicultural societies. ConclusionThe optimization of religious tourism supports not only local economic growth, but also cultural preservation, national character building, and the maintenance of social harmony in Indonesia, while preserving its spiritual essence.
Characteristics and Circumstances of Suicide Among Children Aged 6 to 9 Years: 2006–2021
Authors: Mintz Sasha , Dykstra Heather , Cornette Michelle , Wilson Rebecca F. , Blair Janet M. , Pilkey Diane , Collier Abigael 
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND
Limited research exists on suicide among children aged 5 to 9 years. The objective of this study was to examine characteristics of suicide in children younger than 10 years.

METHODS
Data are from the National Fatality Review-Case Reporting System (NFR-CRS) for years 2006 through 2021 for children aged 6 to 9 years who died by suicide. No suicide deaths were reported in NFR-CRS for children aged ≤ 5 years. Descriptive analyses by demographics and circumstances were conducted. A thematic analysis of prevention recommendations made by child death review teams was performed.

RESULTS
From 2006 to 2021, NFR-CRS identified 78 suicide decedents aged 6 to 9 years. The largest share were aged 9 years (72%), male (74%), non-Hispanic Black (42%), and died by hanging (86%) at home (91%). School-related problems (39%), history of child maltreatment (36%), history of mental health services (30%), argument with parents (23%), and familial discord (19%) were common circumstances. Key suicide prevention themes included education for caregivers and school staff, improved behavioral health services, and implementation of school policies and programs.

CONCLUSIONS
Results provide a more complete picture of suicide among younger children, improving understanding of their unique characteristics. It is recommended that program planners consider both age-appropriateness and the impacts of social (eg, racism) and structural inequities in their approaches to prevention, encompassing both community and school-based strategies. For pediatricians, results emphasize the importance of lethal means counseling, safety planning, and educating parents and caregivers on the distinct warning signs of suicide for younger children.
The Circumstances Surrounding Fatal Pediatric Opioid Poisonings, 2004–2020
Authors: Gaither Julie R. , McCollum Sarah , Bechtel Kirsten , Leventhal John M. , Mintz Sasha 
Published: November 2024

OBJECTIVES
There is little understanding of the circumstances behind fatal pediatric opioid poisonings. Our objective was to characterize opioid fatalities according to child, family, and household factors.

METHODS
We used data from the National Fatality Review-Case Reporting System to describe the circumstances behind the deaths of children 0 to 17 years of age who died of an opioid poisoning (ie, prescription opioid, heroin, illicit fentanyl) between 2004 and 2020. Decedents were stratified into age groups: 0–4, 5–9, 10–14, and 15–17 years.

RESULTS
The majority (65.3%) of the 1696 fatal opioid poisonings occurred in the child’s own home. Prescription opioids contributed to 91.8% of deaths, heroin contributed to 5.4%, and illicit fentanyl to 7.7%. Co-poisonings with nonopioid substances occurred in 43.2% of deaths. Among 0- to 4-year-olds, 33.9% died of homicide and 45.0% had a primary caregiver with a history of substance use/abuse. Among 10- to 14-year-olds and 15- to 17-year-olds, respectively, 42.0% and 72.8% of decedents had a history of substance use/abuse. In each age group, at least 25.0% of children were victims of previous child maltreatment.

CONCLUSIONS
A history of maltreatment and substance use—whether on the part of the caregiver or the child—are common factors surrounding fatal pediatric opioid poisonings, the majority of which occur in the child’s own home. Families with children of all ages would benefit from interventions focused on opioid prescribing, storage, disposal, and misuse. These findings also underscore the urgency of ensuring that access to naloxone becomes universal for families with a history of maltreatment and/or substance use.
Characteristics of Fatalities Among Sexual- and Gender-Diverse Youth in the United States: 2015–2020
Authors: Duffy Bridget , Nurre O. Madison , Bista Saroj , O’Malley Fiona , Michaels Nichole L. 
Published: November 2024

OBJECTIVES
Sexual- and gender-diverse youth face unique stressors that negatively impact their health. The objective of this study was to use National Fatality Review-Case Reporting System data to epidemiologically describe fatalities among identified sexual- and gender-diverse youth to inform future prevention efforts.

METHODS
We used 2015 to 2020 data from the National Fatality Review-Case Reporting System to identify deaths among sexual- and gender-diverse youth and compare their characteristics to a matched sample of youth from these same data who were not known to be sexual- and gender-diverse. Demographic, injury, death, history, and life stressor characteristics were analyzed using descriptive statistics.

RESULTS
During the study period, 176 fatalities were identified among sexual- and gender-diverse youth. Decedents’ mean age was 15.3 years. A greater proportion of deaths was attributed to suicide among sexual- and gender-diverse youth (81%) compared with nonsexual- and gender-diverse youth (54%). Receiving prior (69%) and/or current (49%) mental health services was more common among sexual- and gender-diverse youth, compared with nonsexual- and gender-diverse youth (50% and 31%, respectively). Sexual- and gender-diverse youth were significantly more likely to experience problems in school or be victims of bullying, compared with nonsexual- and gender-diverse youth (63% versus 47% and 28% versus 15%, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS
Suicide was the most common manner of death for sexual- and gender-diverse youth, despite many decedents receiving current or prior mental health services. These findings indicate the need to improve and diversify interventions to prevent these deaths.