bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Iterative Exact Algorithm over a Time-Expanded Network for the Transportation of Biomedical Samples
Authors: Ocampo-Giraldo Daniel M. , Anaya-Arenas Ana M. , Contardo Claudio 
Published: November 2024

In this article we propose an iterative algorithm to address the optimization problem of distributing a set of multiple highly perishable commodities in a healthcare network. In the biomedical sample transportation problem, numerous commodities with short lifespans presume multiple transportation requests at the same facility in a day and restrict the maximum time to reach their destination. These two characteristics create an interdependency between the routing and the pickup decisions in time that is highly complex. To address these timing issues, we model this problem as a service network design problem over a time-expanded network. Our solution method aggregates the network at two levels. First, the commodities are aggregated and artificially consolidated, reducing the symmetry arising when multiple transportation requests are solicited within a short period of time. Second, the space-time nodes in the network are constructed dynamically, thus reducing the size of the mathematical model to be solved at each iteration. Moreover, the method creates auxiliary networks to calculate good-quality primal bounds to the problem. Our algorithm proves to be efficient to solve a set of real-life instances from the Quebec laboratory network under the management of the Ministère de la Santé et des Services sociaux (Ministry of Health and Social Services) with a detailed network of up to 2,377 periods and 277 transportation requests. History: Accepted by Andrea Lodi, Area Editor for Design & Analysis of Algorithms—Discrete. Funding: This work was supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada [Grants 2018-04609, 2020-06311]. Supplemental Material: The software that supports the findings of this study is available within the paper and its Supplemental Information ( https://pubsonline.informs.org/doi/suppl/10.1287/ijoc.2023.0061 ) as well as from the IJOC GitHub software repository ( https://github.com/INFORMSJoC/2023.0061 ). The complete IJOC Software and Data Repository is available at https://informsjoc.github.io/ .
Regular Variable Returns to Scale Production Frontier and Efficiency Measurement
Authors: Li Sung Ko , Tsang Chun Kei , Lee Shu Kam , He Xinju 
Published: November 2024

Breakthrough in Measuring Efficiency with Respect to Nonconvex Technology The variable returns to scale (VRS) frontier, commonly used in data envelopment analysis, has a convex technology set and follows a specific “regular VRS” structure in economics. This structure demonstrates increasing, constant, and then, decreasing returns to scale, and it is the standard in data envelopment analysis. When the convexity assumption is relaxed, modeling regular VRS becomes challenging, and no satisfactory solution currently exists for multioutput production. In “Regular Variable Returns to Scale Production Frontier and Efficiency Measurement,” Li, Tsang, Lee, and He introduce a new framework for analyzing regular variable returns to scale and propose an innovative empirical production frontier. This new frontier can more accurately measure technical efficiency without the convexity assumption. The implications of this research are extensive, impacting fields like manufacturing, agriculture, healthcare, banking, etc., with crucial findings for informed decision making and effective policy implementation.
The 2-week wait pathway for suspected head and neck cancers in patients with throat and voice symptoms: referral patterns, common clinical practice and diagnostic efficacy of NICE guidelines
Authors: Chiumenti FA , Pendolino AL , Vaz FM , Dwivedi RC 
Published: November 2024

Introduction The 2-week wait (2ww) referral pathway has been introduced into UK clinical practice to increase the early detection of cancer and improve survivals. The efficiency of this system for head and neck (H&N) cancers has been questioned over the years because of evidence of low pick-up rates. H&N cancers present with a wide variety of non-specific symptoms, particularly throat and voice symptoms. These symptoms need to be accurately interpreted together with risk factors if they are to be addressed adequately and overload of cancer facilities avoided. One of the most common outcomes of H&N 2ww referrals is laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR), a common condition that could be diagnosed and managed in the primary care setting with a prescription of proton pump inhibitors (PPI) trials. Methods We retrospectively analysed a cohort of consecutive patients referred on the 2ww pathway for throat and voice symptoms at University College London Hospital H&N cancer clinic during two months in 2019. Results A total of 101 patients (43.6% men, mean age 53.3 years) were included. Throat and voice symptoms were described as intermittent in 52.5% and non-lateralised in 88.1%. Diagnosis of LPR was made in 59.4% of the referrals. A PPI trial was prescribed by general practitioners (GPs) in only 7.9% of cases. The cancer pick-up rate in our cohort is 2.9%. Conclusions An improved awareness of the symptoms of LPR could guide GPs to prescribe trials of PPIs in low-risk patients before rushing into a referral on a cancer pathway. This would improve the 2ww process on many levels, reduce the burden on the National Health Service and avoid patients' psychological distress.
In the early phase in paediatric burns, one can only give a rough estimate regarding the length of treatment. Therefore, we analysed the relationship between the burn injury mechanism and the length of stay (LOS) to total body surface area aff ected (TBSA
Authors: Kralj Rok , Barčot Zoran , Kurtanjek Mario , Petračić Ivan , Tadić Karlo , Bumči Igor , Žic Rado , Višnjić Stjepan 
Published: November 2024

U ranoj fazi kod opeklinskih ozljeda može se dati samo gruba prognoza o trajanju liječenja. Mi smo stoga proveli analizu povezanosti mehanizma ozljede s omjerom prosječnog trajanja hospitalizacije (PTH) i ukupne površine tijela zahvaćenom opeklinom (UPT).Proveli smo retrospektivnu analizu 375-ero pacijenata koji su u razdoblju između 1. siječnja 2010. i 31. prosinca 2019. hospitaliziranizbog opeklinskih ozljeda na Klinici za dječju kirurgiju Klinike za dječje bolesti Zagreb. Pacijenti su s obzirom na mehanizam nastankaozljede razdijeljeni u sljedeće podskupine - opekline vrućom vodom (n=210), opekline vrućim uljem (n=22), opekline padom u vrućuvodu (n=7), kontaktne opekline (n=54), opekline plamenom (n=36), opekline vrućim parama (n=7), eksplozivne opekline (n=13) iopekline strujnim udarom (n=12). Analizirali smo omjer prosječnog trajanja hospitalizacije (PTH) i ukupne površine tijela (UPT) sobzirom na mehanizam opeklinske ozljede. Kontaktne opekline nose veći rizik za veći omjer trajanja hospitalizacije s ukupnom površinom tijela (PTH/UP) od opeklina vrućim uljem (t=2,485, p= 0,015), opeklina vrućom tekućinom (t=3,948, p < 0,001), opeklinaplamenom (t= 2,485, p= 0,015), eksplozivnih opeklina (t=2,900, p= 0,005), opeklina zbog pada u vruću vodu (t=4,369, p<0,001) teod opeklina parom (t=4,369, p< 0,001). Opekline plamenom nose veći rizik za veći PTH/UPT omjer od opeklina vrućom tekućinom(t=2,105, p= 0,039), opeklina parom (t=2,848, p= 0,009) te od opeklina nastalih zbog pada u vruću vodu (t=2,846, p= 0,009). Opekline vrućim uljem nose veći rizik za veći PTH/UPT omjer od opeklina parama (t= 2,317, p= 0,029) ili opeklina nastalih zbog pada uvruću vodu (t= 2,263, p= 0,033). Različiti mehanizmi kod opeklinskih ozljeda rezultiraju različitim ishodima što se tiče omjera prosječnog trajanja hospitalizacije i površine tijela zahvaćene opeklinom. U slučaju kontaktnih opeklina može se očekivati najdulje trajanjehospitalizacije s obzirom na ukupnu površinu tijela zahvaćenu opeklinom. Naši rezultati upućuju na to da mehanizam nastankaozljede ima prognostičku vrijednost u smislu trajanja hospitalizacije.
Organizacija promicanja cijepljenja protiv HPV infekcije na nacionalnoj razini
Authors: Šimetin Ivana Pavić , Belavić Anja , Živković Mišela Žehaček 
Published: November 2024

U Hrvatskoj je cjepivo protiv HPV infekcije preporučljivo i besplatno na nacionalnoj razini od školske godine 2015./2016. U prethodnim godinama cijepljenje protiv HPV infekcije bilo je dobrovoljno i besplatno u pojedinim jedinicama regionalne ili lokalne samouprave. U školskoj godini 2017./2018. cijepljenje protiv HPV infekcije je besplatno i dobrovoljo za učenike i učenice 8. razreda osnovneškole i djecu iste dobi koja ne pohađaju školu. Školski liječnici su jedini cjepitelji. Cijepljenje protiv HPV infekcije jedino je dobrovoljno ibesplatno cjepivo u Republici Hrvatskoj omogućeno cijeloj generaciji učenika i učenica. Dobrovoljnost kod cijepljenja protiv HPV infekcije nameće pitanje jesmo li osigurali pravo na to cijepljenje roditeljima i djeci ako nisu bili informirani o toj mogućnosti. Edukativni roditeljski sastanci za roditelje djece 8. razreda osnovne škole i individualni pozivi za cijepljenje protiv HPV-a osnovne su aktivnosti promicanja prava na cijepljenje, no za porast odaziva na cijepljenje potrebno je dodatno zauzimanje školskih liječnika, zavodaza javno zdravstvo, škola, institucija, medija i drugih dionika.
Uspješna primjena rituksimaba u dječaka s Evansovim sindromom - prikaz bolesnika
Authors: Tudor Karolina Malić , Čulić Srđana , Armanda Višnja , Kuljiš Dubravka 
Published: November 2024

Autoimuna hemolitička anemija (AIHA) je bolest uzrokovana nastankom protutijela usmjerenih protiv antigena na površini vlastitiheritrocita. Ovisno o termalnim obilježjima, autoprotutijela se dijele na: hemolitičke anemije uzrokovane “toplim” i “hladnim” protutijelima. AIHA-i mogu biti primarni i sekundarni. Sekundarni AIHA-i su udruženi s nekom drugom bolešću poput sistemskog lupusaeritematodesa, imunodefi cijencije ili limfoproliferativog poremećaja. Osnovno obilježje AIHA-a je pozitivan direktni Coombsov testkoji otkriva protutijela klase IgG i dijelove komplementa (najčešće anti- C3) vezane na površinu eritrocita. Evansov sindrom je istodobna ili uzastopna pojava AIHA-a s pozitivnim direktnim Coombsovim testom i imune trombocitopenije (ITP). U radu smo prika zalidvogodišnjeg dječaka u kojeg je u dobi od 10 mjeseci dijagnosticiran AIHA rekurentnog tijeka. U dobi od 17 mjeseci uz osnovnu bolest otkriven je i ITP te je postavljena dijagnoza Evansovog sindroma. Dječak je liječen glukokortikoidima, pripravkom humanihimunoglobulina, transfuzijama deplazmatiziranih eritrocita i koncentratom trombocita u više navrata, ali bez remisije bolesti. Naposljetku, primjenom rituksimaba postignuto je kliničko poboljšanje i višemjesečna remisija bolesti.
Put prema biobanci kultiviranih kožnih fi broblasta bolesnika s nasljednim metaboličkim poremećajima u Hrvatskoj
Authors: Zekušić Marija , Fumić Ksenija , Bilić Karmen , Škaričić Ana , Ramadža Danijela Petković , Žigman Tamara , Sarnavka Vladimir , Ćuk Mario , Barić Ivo , Rogić Dunja 
Published: November 2024

Rijetke bolesti etiološki su heterogena skupina najčešće nasljednih, kroničnih i degenerativnih bolesti s pojavnošću manjom od 5na 10 000 osoba. Poznato je više od 7000 rijetkih bolesti od kojih više od 600 ima osobitosti nasljednih metaboličkih poremećaja. Zbog velike kliničke heterogenosti i zahtjevnih dijagnostičkih testova put do konačne dijagnoze je često dug te uključuje i obradu u ino zemnim laboratorijima. Unatoč tome, dio bolesnika ostaje bez konačne dijagnoze. U situacijama kad je bolesnik vitalno ugrožen uz mogućnost letalnog ishoda i pri sumnji na nasljednu metaboličku bolest, biopsija kože je dio standardnog postupka. Posljednjih godina sve je više dostupnih mogućnosti liječenja za širok spektar nasljednih metaboličkih bolesti. Osnovnipreduvjet za njihovu djelotvornost je pravodobna dijagnoza. Kultivirani kožni fi broblasti pohranjeni u biobanke vrijedan su biološkimaterijal. Osim za postavljanje dijagnoze, mogu se primijeniti i za provjeru djelotvornosti novih pristupa liječenju kao što su malemolekule pratitelji. Sve navedeno upućuje na značenje organiziranja biobanke fi broblasta prema međunarodno prihvaćenim standardima.
adolescent
Authors: Strizić Helena , Herceg-Čavrak Vesna , Batinica Maja 
Published: November 2024

Prevalencija primarne arterijske hipertenzije (AH) u djece je u porastu. Iako je hipertenzija u pedijatrijskoj dobi većinom asimptomatska, već se registriraju subkliničke promjene ciljnih organa. Cilj istraživanja je bio analizirati čimbenike rizika za AH i kliničke značajkeadolescenata s primarnom hipertenzijom. Retrospektivno su analizirani podatci 153-oje bolesnika u dobi od 10 do 18 godina (117M, 36 Ž) s dijagnozom primarne AH-a, hospitaliziranih u tercijarnoj zdravstvenoj ustanovi tijekom desetogodišnjeg razdoblja. Razdijeljeni su u tri skupine - djeca s prehipertenzijom, hipertenzijom I. stupnja (HT I.) i hipertenzijom II. stupnja (HT II.). Za statističkuanalizu primijenjen je Studentov t-test, razina značajnosti p<0,05. HT I. imalo je 27,5%, HT II. 65,4%, prehipertenziju 7,1% djece. Pozitivnu obiteljsku anamnezu za hipertenziju imalo je 89,8%, športski aktivnih bilo je 37,3%. Indeks tjelesne mase (ITM) iznad 95. centileimalo je 41,2%, iznad 30 kg/m2 18,9% ispitanika. Djeca s HT-om II. bila su deblja nego djeca s HT-om I. (p=0,005). U obje hipertenzivne skupine prevladava nepovoljniji, neopadajući obrazac tlaka “non dipper”. Hipertrofi ja lijeve klijetke bila je prisutna u 15% djece.Usporedbom laboratorijskih vrijednosti GUK-a, urata, ukupnog kolesterola i triglicerida između skupina s HT-om I. i HT-om II. nijenađena statistički značajna razlika. Steatozu jetre imalo je 5,9%, hipertenzivne promjene očne pozadine 1,6% ispitanika, oboje uskupini s HT-om II. Antihipertenzivna terapija je uvedena kod 20,3% pacijenata, većinom inhibitori angiotenzin-konvertirajućeg enzima. Značajan broj naših adolescenata s primarnom hipertenzijom je adipozan i ima pozitivnu obiteljsku anamnezu za hipertenziju. Prevencija hipertenzije trebala bi početi već u djetinjstvu.
Laser-excited Xe plasma as a radiation source for lithography at wavelengths near 11  nm
Authors: Kalmykov Serguei G. , Butorin Pavel S. 
Published: November 2024

Subject of study. The study focuses on the plasma excited by a laser on a gas-jet Xe target. Aim of study. The aim was to achieve such a high emissivity of the Xe plasma at a wavelength of 11.2 nm that would meet the requirements of industrial lithography. In addition to the applied aspect, the work also has a diagnostic component, the purpose of which is to study the internal structure of the laser plasma and determine its internal parameters, such as temperature, concentration, and mean ion charge. Method. The paper contains a review of works devoted to the comprehensive investigation of the laser-produced plasma with a Xe gas-jet target. In the course of this research, several methods of measurements and plasma diagnostics were developed and tested, including multimirror Bragg spectrometry, probing the plasma with the same infrared laser radiation that creates it, and determination of mean ion charge of this nonequilibrium and short-lived laser-produced plasma using the measured absorption of the laser energy in the plasma and a database on cross-sections of ionization by electron impact. Main results. A multimirror Bragg spectrometry technique was developed and tested. This technique was then used to obtain quantitatively calibrated spectra of the laser-produced Xe plasma. An effective mode of irradiating the target with a wide, defocused laser beam has been found, which made it possible to achieve the coefficient of conversion of laser pulse energy into the energy of the narrow-band plasma radiation around λ=11.2nm, approximately equal to 4%. This value is currently a world record for plasmas of such a type. Additionally, an analytical method for determining the temperature and ion charge of the plasma based on experimental measurements was developed. Practical significance. The achieved conversion efficiency of the radiation source under consideration is sufficient for its application in high production industrial lithography. The use of the simple and “clean” radiation source with Xe plasma could eliminate a number of problems encountered in contemporary lithography with a wavelength of 13.5 nm and a source with targets of metallic tin.
The adequacy of ANC components received and associated factors among women of reproductive age in Tanzania
Authors: Tibenderana Jovin R. , Kessy Sanun Ally , Mlaponi Dosanto Felix , Mtenga John Elyas , Gimonge Jomo , Mwaitete Ndinagwe Lloyd , Moshi Fabiola V. 
Published: November 2024

Background
ANC continues to be a vital and crucial component of care for expectant mothers and their unborn children, not only by lowering maternal mortality but also perinatal deaths and connecting them to postnatal treatment. There are limited information about the adequate Antenatal Care (ANC) components coverage, therefore this study aimed at examining the proportion of ANC components coverage, distribution pattern and its associated factors obtained by women of reproductive age (WRA) in Tanzania.

Methods
This was analytical cross-sectional study among women of reproductive age in Tanzania, utilizing data from the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) 2022. Analysis considered the complex survey design through application of weights, clustering and strata. Modified Poisson regression models estimated the factors associated with adequate reception of ANC components among WRA in Tanzania. All analyses were performed in STATA software version 18.

Results
The proportion of WRA who had received adequate ANC component coverage was 41%. Distribution of ANC contents ranged from 0.5% to 41% for none to seven components respectively. Almost all women (96.1%) had their baby’s heartbeat checked. Various factors such as education, wealth index, age, residence, number of ANC visits and birth order were significantly associated with uptake of ANC components among WRA in Tanzania.

Conclusion
The overall findings suggest a notable disparity in the utilization of ANC services, as fewer than half of women of reproductive age (WRA) are receiving sufficient ANC coverage. Therefore, integrated approaches involving health care facilities and communities, innovative strategies targeting young adults, and strengthening the policy of four or more ANC visits with regular monitoring and data collection are recommended to improve ANC access, utilization, and alignment with WHO guidelines.
Pembrolizumab 400 mg every 6 weeks as first-line therapy for advanced melanoma (KEYNOTE-555): Results from cohort B of an open-label, phase 1 study
Authors: Cohen Graham , Rapoport Bernardo , Chan Sze W. , Ruff Paul , Arance Ana , Mujika Eizmendi Karmele , Houghton Baerin , Brown Michael P. , Zielinski Robert M. , Muñoz Couselo Eva , Lyle Megan , Anderson James R. , Jain Lokesh , de Alwis Dinesh , Lala Mallika , Akala Omobolaji , Chartash Elliot , Jacobs Conrad 
Published: November 2024

Intravenous pembrolizumab 400 mg every 6 weeks was approved across tumor types based on pharmacokinetic modeling, which showed exposures consistent with previous standard dosing of 200 mg or 2 mg/kg every 3 weeks, and early results of cohort B of the phase 1 KEYNOTE-555 study. Results after ≥1 year of potential follow-up for all patients in cohort B of KEYNOTE-555 are presented. Patients aged ≥18 years with previously untreated stage III/IV melanoma received pembrolizumab 400 mg every 6 weeks for ≤18 cycles. The primary endpoint was objective response rate per RECIST v1.1 by blinded independent central review. Secondary endpoints included duration of response, progression-free survival, pharmacokinetics, and safety. Overall, 101 patients received pembrolizumab. Median projected follow-up was 21.9 months (range, 17.0–25.7). The objective response rate was 50.5% (95% CI: 40.4–60.6; 19 complete responses, 32 partial responses). Median duration of response was not reached (NR; range, 2.4+ to 21.0+ months). Median progression-free survival was 13.8 months (95% CI: 4.1–NR). Observed pharmacokinetic exposures were consistent with model predictions for pembrolizumab 400 mg every 6 weeks and other approved and tested schedules (2 mg/kg or 200 mg every 3 weeks). Grade 3–4 treatment-related adverse events occurred in 13 patients (12.9%). No deaths were considered treatment related. These results support the pharmacokinetic modeling and demonstrate that the benefit-risk profile of pembrolizumab 400 mg Q6W is consistent with that of 200 mg or 2 mg/kg every 3 weeks. Clinically meaningful objective response rate and durable progression-free survival within the expected range for first-line pembrolizumab were observed.
Clinical trial registry: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03665597.
Relationship between characteristics of health professionals and the respect for the autonomy of cancer patients at the end of life
Authors: de Camargo Júlia Drummond , Forte Daniel Neves 
Published: November 2024

Background and aim
This study investigated whether providers respected patient’s autonomy, investigating providers’ pattern of decisions and their associated characteristics.

Methods
Cross-sectional study, conducted through anonymous questionnaire with hypothetical clinical cases, presented to providers at one oncology center. Decision-making patterns were pre-stablished accordingly to the response´s pattern.

Findings
Of 151 responses, decisions patterns were paternalistic in 38%, shared in 38%, obstinate in 10.6% and consumerist in 13.2%. The consumerist providers reported never having participated in an EOL class in 35% and 30% had never trained in palliative care. Among providers with paternalistic pattern, 35.1% had never attended ethic lectures. In the obstinate group, 31.2% had no training in palliative care. When asked how subjects saw themselves about their pattern of decision, 100% of obstinate, 95% of consumerist and 89% of paternalistic patterns exhibited cognitive dissonance.

Conclusion
Significative differences between decisions and how the providers judge themselves were observed.