bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Relation between Burnout, Life Event Stresses and Coping Strategies in Mental Health Workers
Authors: Estafanos Nakhla Marina Yohanna , Eissa Mohamed Fekry , Mahmoud Nivert Zaki , Moneim Mahmoud Dalia Abdel , Mohamed Rehab Serag 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
The care of patients, the health system, and the personal health of healthcare professionals are all negatively impacted by burnout. Burnout has been linked to reduced patient satisfaction, prolonged recovery periods, medical errors, and poor outcomes. Health organizations may also be impacted by burnout, which can result in higher employee turnover, lower productivity, fewer patient access, and more expenses. The thoughts and acts employed for managing the demands of stressful events, both internal and external, are referred to as coping strategies.

Aim of the Work
In the current study, Maslach burnout inventory was used to assess the rate of occurence of burnout also, coping strategies scale and life events stresses scale by Holmes and Rahe were used in this study.

Patients and Methods
This cross-sectional observational study was done on 95 mental health workers to assess the rate of occurence of burnout, the life event stressess and the coping styles used in order to cope with stress.

Results
In the current study, we found that 49.5% had high emotional exhaustion, 40% had high rates of depersonalization and 22.1% had low scores of personal accomplishments. Our results showed a statistically significant association of gender with EE and DP but no association with PA. As regarding coping strategies, the most frequently reported strategy is religious conditioning (type of emotion focused coping) followed by planning (problem focused coping) followed by positive reassessment (emotion focused coping). The least used strategies are behaviour withdrawal, humour and denial, which is the least used strategy, and the three of them are considered dysfunctional coping.

Conclusion
Burnout is a challenge facing mental health workers and it has a signifcant impact on their capacity to offer service and care to patients. Several measures are needed to reduce staff burnout especially among physicians and nurses. Healthy coping strategies need to be promoted in order to reduce and help to deal with burnout.
Game Genres, Behavioural Difficulties and Internet Gaming Disorder among a Sample of Egyptian Adolescents
Authors: Malek Yaman Adel Zaki , Azzam Hanan M E , Elmissiry Marwa Adel Gamal , Taleb Mariam Yehia Mohamed Abou 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Decades of research shows a rise in the number of young people playing videogames, with the content of violent video games becoming increasingly realistic, interactive and unequivocal in depicting violent activity. The combination of these two factors: growing numbers of players in addition to progressively violent games appears to have important consequences.

Aim of the Work
Measure the Rate of Internet Gaming Disorder among a community sample of Egyptian adolescents. To Assess the most frequently played type of Game genres. Finding out the association between different game genres and behavioural dysregulation. Finding out the association between different game genres and sociodemographic correlates. Assess and Measure the association of Violent Video Game Use and Internet Gaming disorder with psychological correlates.

Patients and Methods
This study is a cross-sectional observational study. Study population A sample of Egyptian Adolescents aged 14-17 males and females randomly selected from study sites. relatives of patients in outpatient clinics. Relatives of fellow doctors and nursing staff. study started from September 2022 till October 2023.

Results
The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire was used to assess the psychological well-being of children and adolescents, grouped into five subscales: Emotional difficulties, conduct symptoms, Hyperactivity, Peer Relationship problems, Prosocial Behaviour, and an Impact Supplement that assesses chronicity, distress, social impairment, and burden to others. The Rate of game addiction among the studied sample was 4%. Significant difference was found in game addiction scores between violent and nonviolent gamers. Our study results showed that violent games were more frequently played than nonviolent ones (64.5%) played violent games whereas (35.5%) played nonviolent games, with a higher preference of violent games among males. Conduct symptoms, and prosocial behaviour were more affected in subjects who played violent games than those who played nonviolent games.

Conclusion
The observed correlation between exposure to violent games and an increased likelihood of developing game addiction, prolonged gaming sessions, conduct symptoms, and diminished prosocial behavior highlights the need for a more nuanced approach to understanding and managing video game-related difficulties.
Comparative Study between Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy and Lumbar Fixation in Management of Recurrent Lumbar Disc Prolapse
Authors: Bahgat Elkalyoubi A M , Abdelfatah Mohamed A R , Elserry Tarek H , Desoky Elayouty Ahmad Elsayed , Hammad Omar Y 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
There is a great controversy in operative methods which can be used for recurrent lumbar disc herniation such as repeated endoscopic discectomy or repeated open discectomy either using fusion or not Endoscopic revision surgery can be conducted using the endoscopic interlaminar discectomy. Open surgery can be used for recurrent discectomy and lumbar fixation can be used in addition. Interbody fusion might be used as well.

Patients and Methods
The current study is a prospective, comparative study that included 90 patients with recurrent lumbar disc prolapse, who were scheduled for reoperation in Neurosurgical departments in Ain Shams University Hospitals and Other Affiliated Hospitals during time period from November 2016 to February 2022. Using spine endoscopy in 45 patients with recurrent disc prolapse (group 1) and fixation in another 45 patients (group 2).

Results
Operative time, wound length in centimeters, intraoperative bleeding, and the presence of a drain were compared between Group 1 and Group 2. All these variables showed statistically significant differences between the two groups showing better results in endoscopic group. Preoperatively, there was no statistically significant difference in JOA scores between Group 1 and Group 2. Immediately postoperative and at 1 week interval, endoscopic group had significantly higher JOA scores, indicating better outcomes. Preoperatively, there was no statistically significant difference in disability scores between Group 1 and Group 2. Immediately postoperative and at early time intervals, endoscopic group had significantly lower disability scores compared to fixation group. There were no statistically significant differences between Group 1 and Group 2 in terms of recurrence and stability rates. There was no statistically significant difference between Group 1 and Group 2 in terms of motor power outcome index.

Conclusion
Endoscopic lumbar discectomy is superior to open lumbar discectomy using fixation with or without fusion in the management of recurrent lumbar disc herniation, as for short-term results, however both techniques are equal in long-term results
Efficacy of Gamma Knife Radiosurgery in Tumor Control of Cerebellopontine Angle Meningiomas: A Systematic Review
Authors: Hemeida Salah A , Elmolla Shafik T , Tawadros Sameh R , Asfour Mohamed Z 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Meningiomas arising from the cerebellopontine angle are relatively uncommon, comprising only 1% of intracranial meningiomas and 6% to 15% of tumors occupying this anatomic region. Because of their intimate relationship with adjacent neurovascular structures, cerebellopontine angle (CPA) meningiomas represent a formidable surgical challenge. The morbidity and mortality associated with surgical resection of CPA meningiomas is not inconsequential. Radiosurgery has been demonstrated to provide high rates of tumor control for skull base meningiomas with acceptably low complication rates. The rarity of CPA meningiomas has limited the statistical power of previous radiosurgery series describing the outcomes for these lesions.

Aim of the Work
Evaluate the efficacy of gamma knife stereotactic radiosurgery (GK-SRS) in tumor control of CPA meningiomas and the effect of this control on the function of the facial muscles and hearing.

Methodology
This systematic review included a discussion of all available studies meeting the eligible criteria including randomized controlled studies, cohort studies, and case series and the literature of reviews.

Results
Mean tumor control rate was 94%, 259 cases had decreased tumor volume, 271 had stable tumor growth. Increased tumor volume occurred in 27 cases. As regard facial muscles function, 13 cases had improved function, 241 cases remained unchanged, and 8 cases experienced worse function. As regard auditory function, 25 cases had improved hearing, 256 cases remained unchanged, and 25 cases experienced worse hearing. Post GK-SRS hydrocephalus was reported in six cases, trigeminal dysfunction was reported in 114 cases, and peritumoral edema was observed in 19 cases.

Conclusion
GK-SRS for CPA meningiomas could be considered as a highly effective technique for the management of those lesions with acceptable rates of side effects.
Impact of Changing Sterile Glove at the Time of Wound Closure to Reduce Surgical Site Infection in Women Undergoing Elective Cesarean Section; A Prospective Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Abbas Mustafa M , El-Feky Alaa El-Din H , Abd El-Aal Fatma H 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Among surgical patients, surgical site infections (SSIs) are the most common nosocomial infection, accounting for 38 percent of nosocomial infections. It is estimated that SSIs develop in 2 to 5 percent of the more than 30 million patients undergoing surgical procedures each year (ie, 1 in 24 patients who undergo inpatient surgery in the United States has a postoperative SSI).

Aim of the Work
Assessment of the impact of changing sterile gloves at the time of wound closure to reduce SSI in women undergoing elective cesarean section (CS).

Patients and Methods
A total of 283 cases of CS were assessed for eligibility according to the present criteria. 220 Women meeting the criteria and consenting for participating in the study were randomly distributed and blindly allocated into two groups. Group A (operative glove changing group “n=110”), Group B (usual care group “n=110”), with the same inclusion and exclusion criteria. At the end of the study, Group A had 102 cases and 8 were lost during follow up, Group B had 100 cases and 10 were lost during follow up. The study population had achieved the present study size calculated. Surgical site infection occurs within one and three weeks following delivery, febrile morbidity, cellulitis, need for antibiotics for skin- or wound related infection and endometritis were compared between study groups.

Results
Postoperative wound complications were statistically significant higher among cases not subjected to change of sterile gloves 28.0% vs. 9.8%. On the other hand, no differences were noted between study groups as regard operative duration 61.39 ± 7.76 vs. 59.35 ± 8.11 minutes.

Conclusion
Changing sterile gloves at the time of wound closure reduce surgical site infection and associated morbidity in women undergoing elective CS.
Comparative Study of Epidemiology of HCC in the (HCV) Patients in the Egyptian Population before and after Hepatitis C National Screening Program (100 Million Seha)
Authors: Ghali Ramy Refaat Yousef , Abdella Heba Mohamed Mohamed , abd elmonem Waleed , Elghamry Wesam Reda , Refla Abanoub Ashraf Joseph 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
HCC is considerd one of the most common tumors in Egypt and one of the most common predisposing factors is HCV

Objectives
The aim of this study is to determine the clinical characteristics and relevance between HCC patients before and after national screening of HCV (two groups) according to child score, stage of disease, effect of treatment at clinical oncology department of Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt

Subjects and Methods
This retrospective analytical study included HCC patients (pathologically confirmed or diagnosed by radiological criteria) from Clinical Oncology Department, Ain Shams University Faculty of Medicine, Cairo, Egypt. from January 2017 to December 2020. and stratified into two groups 1stgroup was for patients who were diagnosed as HCC 2 years before national screening program of HCV (100 million seha), 2nd group was for patients who presented after national screening program

Results
In Group (1) most of the patients were diagnosed as HCV (86) patients (97.7%) of the patients with Co HBV infection (4) patients (4.2%), in Group (2) most of the patients were diagnosed as HCV (92) patients declined to (82.1%) while Co HBV declined to (1) patient (1%), number of patients who had Child A classification in Group (1) (36) patients and Child C (7) patients (10.9%), in Group (2) number of the patients who were Child A (62) patients (69.7%), Child C (3) patients (3.4%), in Group (1) number of patients who were ECOG PS 1 (26) patients (41.3%) while ECOG PS 4 were (4) patients (6.3%), On the other hand in Group 2 number of the patients who had ECOG PS1 (46) patients (46.5%) while ECOG PS 4 declined to (2) patients (2%), According to (BCLC) in Group 1, number of the patients with BCLC (C), (56) patients (63.6%), BCLC (A) were only (10) patients (11.4%) of the patients, BCLC (D) (5) patients (5.7%), in Group (2), BCLC (C) (62) patients declined to (54.4%), BCLC (A) increased to (32) patients (28.1%), BCLC (D) (3) patients (2.6%) of the total patients in Group 2.

Conclusion
our study demonstarted the efficacy of national screening program of HCV in the screening, diagnosis and treatment of HCC, we conducted that the results of the screening program could affect the diagnosis and treatment of HCC so its very considrable that discovery of HCC in earlier Child classification, Stage after national screening affected the treatment.
Randomized Prospective Trial Comparing 2 Schedules of Hypofractionated Adjuvant Radiotherapy 3 Weeks Against One Week Fractionation Regimen in Females with Breast Cancer
Authors: Naguib Khaled , Mostafa Ehab , Moussa Diaa El Din , Ammar Hany , Yassin Radwa A 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Acceleration of radiotherapy in 5 fractions for breast cancer can reduce the burden of treatment especially in Low middle income countries. We report on acute toxicity after whole breast irradiation /chest wall irradiation ± nodal irradiation, QOL score & Local recurrence incidence with ultra- hypofractionation schedule compared to modest hypofractionation protocol.

Material and Methods
Acute toxicity and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of 101 patients, randomized between a 15- or 5-fractions schedule, were collected, using the RTOG acute toxicity scoring system, EORTC QLQ-C30 and BR23 questionnaire. The prescribed dose to the breast was either 15∗2.67 Gy (40.05 Gy) or 5∗5.2 Gy (26 Gy),60.1% of patients received tumor boost divided in both arms, with prescribed dose 5∗200cGy with 3D conformal radiotherapy technique. Inclusion criteria were: T1–T3 invasive breast cancer with or without axillary involvement (N0-N1&N2) after breast conserving or modified radical surgery.

Results
A total of 101 patients included in the study. Median age was 53±10.29 years, most of the cases enrolled were stage II with 38 patients in arm 1 (26 Gy) and 26 in arm 2(40Gy),only 19 cases had stage III breast cancer with 14 cases included in arm 2,while nodal negative status reported in 49 cases. A significant difference was observed for acute skin toxicity after radiotherapy in favor of better tolerability for arm 1 (P value &lt;0.0001),also patients in ultra hypofractionation arm reported significant lower score for symptom scale including breast pain (P value &gt;0.0001),swollen breast (P value &lt;0.0001),difficulty to move arm (P value=0.0001),swollen hand (P value &lt;0.0001)and QOL deterioration was less also in ultra fractionation arm (P value &lt;0.0001) and none of the cases in both arms had local recurrence till time of data collection (12-20 months follow up duration).

Conclusion
In this single institute study, acute toxicity of accelerated breast radiotherapy in 5 fractions over 5 days seems to compare favorably to hypofractionated breast radiotherapy in 15 fractions. Less radiation dermatitis, breast edema, breast pain, difficulty to move arm and swollen hand. Quality of life is also less disturbed and patients have a better future perspective, however longer time for follow up &larger enrolled numbers needed to confirm non inferiority of this approach.
OCT Angiography Biomarkers in Diabetic Macular Edema Patients Treated with Intravitreal Injection of Anti-VEGF
Authors: Mahgoub Mohamed Moghazy , Ebeid Weam Mohamed , Habib Ahmed Mohamed , ElAnwar Ali Elhussainy Ali Mohamed 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Purpose
To correlate quantitative OCT angiography (OCTA) biomarkers with clinical features and to predict the responce after ranibizumab treatment for diabetic macular edema (DME) with OCTA biomarkers.

Design
Non randomized non controlled observational study on 20 eyes with DME set in the Ophthalmology Department, Ain Shams University. Study subjects were selected randomly from patients attending the ophthalmology outpatient clinics during the recruitment period, which took place between December 2020 and December 2022.

Participants
The study was conducted on twenty eyes from 20 patients of with diabetic macular edema, with the exception of media opacity and high refractive error, from Ain Shams University hospital.

Methods
All patients underwent Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (SD-OCT) (RTVue XR OCT Avanti; Optovue, Fremont, USA) with Macular scan including 6x6mm scans centered on the fovea at baseline evaluation and at 1 month, 3 months and 6 months while on treatment with intravitreal antiVEGF (Ranibizumab) injections following the PRN protocol without loading.

Main Outcome Measures
OCTA biomarkers, including foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area (FAZ-A), FAZ acircularity index (FAZ-AI), FAZ perimeter and vessel density (VD), were analyzed comprehensively. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central retinal thickness (CRT) also were obtained.

Results
After the ranibizumab treatment, there was a statistically significant decrease in the FAZ area and FAZ perimeter during the follow up period denoting improved vascular perfusion, and the FAZ AI decreased significantly denoting that the FAZ regained its regularity. There was a statistically significant increase in the mean vessel density including the overall, parafoveal and perifoveal vessel density in the superficial and deep plexus during the follow up period, this might be explained by decreased artifacts due to macular edema. There was a statistically significant difference in the parafoveal vessel density in the SCP, FAZ area, FAZ perimeter, and AI at baseline between good and poor responders. These biomarkers could be used as predictors for response after treatment with anti VEGF in eyes with DME.

Conclusions
For eyes with DME, parafoveal VD in the superficial layer, FAZ area and perimeter at baseline were independent predictors for visual improvement after the ranibizumab treatment.
Effect of Intracameral Injection of Epinephrine 1:10,000 with Sodium Bisulfite Preservative during Phacoemulsification on Corneal Endothelium Using Specular Microscopy
Authors: Atef Sayed Ali Mohamed Ali , Al-Maamoun Tarek Ahmed , El-Awamry Amr Ismail , Aziz Assistant Bassem Fayez 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Endothelial cell density (ECD), morphology and central corneal thickness (CCT) are important because they facilitate the assessment of the functional reserve of the endothelium in patients before any intraocular surgery.

Aim of the Work
The goal of this study was to measure the changes in corneal endothelium using non- contact specular microscopy in eyes that underwent uneventful phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation.

Patients and Methods
A randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted for a period of six months on a group of 50 patients at the Ophthalmology Department, Ain Shams University Hospital, half of which underwent phacoemulsification and IOL implantation with injection of intracameral epinephrine 1:10,000 with sodium bisulfite as a preservative, and the other half underwent the same procedure without injection of intracameral epinephrine.

Results
There was no statistically significant difference between both groups regarding CD (Cell Density), with a P-value = 0.089, and also regarding SD (Standard Deviation), CV (Coefficient of Variation), HEX (Hexagonal Cells) and CCT (Central Corneal Thickness), with P-value 0.177, 0.770, 0.144 and 0.961 respectively.

Conclusion
Intracameral epinephrine 1:10,000 with sodium bisulfite could improve pupillary dilatation and is safe on the corneal endothelium as well.
Evaluation of the Effect of Phacoemulsification Surgery on Retinal and Choroidal Microvasculature in Diabetic Patients Using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography
Authors: Abdel Malek Sara Nazem Naguib , Eleiwa Tamer Fahmy , Amin Mona Kamal Abdellatif , Mahmoud Alaa Fathy 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Aim
To evaluate the effect of phacoemulsification surgery on retinal and choroidal microvasculature in diabetic patients using optical coherence tomography angiography.

Settings and Design
A prospective comparative case control study performed at the Ophthalmology department of Ain Shams University hospital, between November 2020 and November 2022.

Methods and Material
50 eyes of 35 cataractous patients were included in this prospective study divided into two groups: the control group (25 eyes of 19 patients) and the diabetic group (25 eyes of 16 patients with mild non proliferative diabetic retinopathy). All patients underwent routine ophthalmic examination, OCT and OCTA scans of the macula before phacoemulsification surgery and 1week 1month, 3months and 6months after the surgery.

Results
The BCVA significantly improved in both group by ∼ 0.26 logMAR units in control and diabetic groups (p &lt; 0.001 for both). the mean change in CST was 23.44±43.7 vs 13.6±22 um (p = 0.3) in the control group and the diabetic group, respectively but statistically insignificant. There was insignificant change in each group in all vascular parameters during the follow up period. In addition, there was insignificant difference between 2 groups at each visit in most vascular parameters of SVD, DVD, and choriocapillaris VD. On the other hand, the diabetic groups has significantly lower SVD of whole image and perifovea at 1 week than controls (42.92 ± 4.54 % vs 46.16 ± 3.98 %, p = 0.01 in whole image respectively) (44.29 ± 4.87 % vs 47.32 ± 3.85 %,p=0.018 in perifovea respectively). The diabetic group also showed significantly higher parafoveal DVD than the control group at 1 month postoperatively : 52.67 ± 4.00 vs 47.24 ± 9.85 % (p = 0.014) that levelled up on month 3 and 6 (p = 0.397, 0.538 respectively). the diabetic group showed lower CC VD of whole image than the control group at 1 week postoperatively: 70.60 ± 2.87 vs 72.22 ± 1.98 % respectively (p = 0.025), and also significantly lower CC VD of perifovea than the control group at 1 week: 71.19 ± 2.82 vs 72.72 ± 2.20 % (p = 0.038), 1 month: 71.08 ± 2.87 vs 72.78 ± 2.61 % (p = 0.033) and 3 months: 71.35 ± 2.63 vs 72.83 ± 2.52 %(p = 0.048). Those values levelled up at the last postoperative visit at month 6 (p = 0.152).

Conclusion
Phacoemulsification surgery may lead to the transient and mild reduction of choroidal blood flow in diabetic eyes rather than retinal blood flow. Most of choroidal and retinal vascular change happened in the perifoveal area within 1 week to 1 month postoperatively and rarely extended to 3months.
Further research is needed to detect its influence on diabetic retinopathy progression.