bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Introducing Environmental Technologies in Industrial Fuel Combustion Processes
Authors: Ruscă Marcel , Rusu Tudor Andrei 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Atmosphere pollution is a complex and worldwide process carried out for a long period of time. Greenhouse effect, global warming and acid rain are only some examples generated by atmospheric pollution. Experts discovered a strong motivation on finding solutions for reducing pollutant emissions caused by atmospheric pollution. Transport activities and fossil fuels combustion are the main concern on environmental pollution, more than that, they are used in industrial processes, being the main cause of environmental pollution.
We have to understand that global pollution is causing the main effect on economic and social challenges of each country, a fact that will be hard to change in the future, and every small step will help for a better and healthy environment. Sebes and Zlanta city, from Alba regions, were the areas that draw our attention for studying the level of atmospheric pollution for a period of 5 years. We made periodic determinations on emission level for SO2, CO, CO2, NOx and writing down periodic reports. The measurements were made in industrial areas for Zlatna and Sebes city and in urban areas in Alba-Iulia city. Traffic environment was the main issue discovered after this research. The concerning was on industrial pollution for the cities of Sebes and Zlatna. The final part is offering solutions on reducing gaseous emissions in particular for economic operators and for the industries as well. This research is particularly aimed at emissions reduction like SO2, CO, CO2 and also for volatile organic compounds. Directive 2008/50/CE concerning ambient air quality were the main sources where we started on our research targeting on reducing atmospheric pollution.
Evaluasi Klon-Klon Tebu Potensial di Lahan Kering
Authors: , Djumali , Heliyanto Bambang , Khuluq Dan Ahmad Dhiaul 
Published: March 2019

The candidates for new superior varieties are expected to be able to increase the sugar yield in the upland area. Germplasm evaluation has indicated some clones had potentially high sugar yield in upland area. The study was conducted at Asembagus Experimental Station, Situbondo Regency, East Java, from December 2016 to November 2017. The study aimed to obtain sugarcane clones with higher sugar yield than existing varieties on upland area. Twelve potential sugarcane clones (17, 87, 90, 104, 212, 351, 354, 451, 452, PBG 2, 386 SOF 1118, and 400 SOF 1132) and 2 check varieties (PS 881 and Cenning) were arranged in a randomized block design with three replicates. The results showed that the sugarcane production of 104, 212, and PBG 2 clones (97.42-98.26 ton ha-1) were not different from productivity of Cenning (105.42 ton ha-1) but they were higher than that of PS 881 (75.68 ton ha-1). The sugar content of 104 and PBG 2 clones (9.43-9.46%) was higher than Cenning (6.94%) but lower than PS 881 (11.66%). The sugar yields (9.16-9.24 ton ha-1) of 104 and PBG 2 clones were higher than Cenning (7.47 ton ha-1) but they were not different from PS 881 (8.84 ton ha-1).
Komposisi Media Pertumbuhan Protokorm Sebelum Perlakuan Kolkisin untuk Meningkatkan Poliploidi pada Phalaenopsis amabilis (L.) Blume
Authors: Putri Astrid Aditya , Sukma Dewi , Aziz Sandra Arifin , Syukur Dan Muhamad 
Published: March 2019

Polyploidy induction in Phalaenopsis amabilis is one of the methods to increase plant genetic diversity. A highly meristematic condition of protocorm induced by cytokinines may improve the success rate of polyploidy induction. This experiment was aimed to study the effect of Benzylaminopurine (BAP), Thidiazuron (TDZ) and coconut water (CW) in a half concentration of Murashige & Skoog (MS) medium before colchicine treatment on growth, multiplication and the success rate of polyploidy induction on Phalaenopsis amabilis protocorm. The experiment used completely randomized design with one factor, medium treatment (15% of CW); 0.51 mg L-1 BAP; 0.50 mg L-1 TDZ; 15% CW + 0.51 mg L-1 BAP; 15% CW + 0.50 mg L-1 TDZ). Each treatment consisted of three replications with five culture bottles of protocorm for each replication and ten protocorms per bottle. The protocorms were incubated for eight weeks in the medium before treated with 50 mg L-1 of colchicine for ten days. The results showed that 15% CW, 15% CW + 0.51 mg L-1 BAP or 0.5 mg L-1 TDZ gave the highest percentage (100%) of alive protocorm. The highest percentage of protocorm multiplication were resulted from 15% CW+0.51 mg L-1 BAP (65.3%) and 15% CW + 0.5 mg L-1 TDZ (62.7%). The best treatment to promote formation of leaves and roots from protocorm was 15% CW. The percentage of polyploid plantlets of 3% was found in plantlet from 15% CW + 0.50 mg L-1 TDZ media treatment while from other treatments could not be detected.Keywords: BAP, chromosome, coconut water, plantlet, TDZ
Management of Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia with Topical and Intralesional Interferon Alpha 2B in Mexicans
Authors: Nava-Castañeda Ángel , Hernández-Orgaz Joaquín , Garnica-Hayashi Lilia , Ansart Alberto , Matus Gonzalo , Tovilla-Canales José Luis , Zuazo Francisca 
Published: March 2019

Introduction: Ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) is the most common nonpigmented ocular surface neoplasm and it can originate from the conjunctiva and/ or corneal epithelium. Since the rate of recurrence after surgical excision is high, chemotherapeutic and immunotherapeutic agents such as interferon alpha-2b (IFN α-2b) have been used for its treatment.
Objective: Our objective is to describe the demographic variables of patients with OSSN treated with IFN α-2b and to describe the outcomes of its use in Mexican patients, treated between 2011 and 2017 at Instituto de Oftalmología Fundación Conde de Valenciana.
Materials and Methods: This is a non-randomized retrospective interventional case series. We reviewed the files of patients older than 18 years, with clinical and/or histopathological diagnosis of OSSN, treated with IFN α-2b alone or in combination with surgery, with a minimum of 6 months follow-up. We studied demographic variables, such as gender, age, eye affected and associated risks factors; we also studied the type of therapy with interferon (topical, intralesional and/or associated with surgery), time of treatment, time of follow up, recurrences and complications.
Results: A total of 39 patients were included. The mean age of diagnosis was 61 ± 16 years and OSSN was more frequent in males (64.1% of cases). Most of the cases (43.6%) had no identifiable risk factors. The mean time of IFN α-2b treatment was 5 ± 2 months, being higher in the intralesional group (6.5 months) than in the topical group (4.2 months). The clinical resolution with the use of IFN α-2b was evidenced between 0.5 and 10 months, being achieved in 87.1% of the patients.
Conclusions: The use of IFN α-2b is effective for the treatment of OSSN with a high success rate (87.1%) and a low incidence of relapse (5 cases), with no reported complications during follow up.
Etiologies of Optic Disc Edema in Tertiary Eye Care Centre in Nepal
Authors: Vaidya Keepa , Bhandari Sanjeeb , Gurung Reeta 
Published: March 2019

Introduction: Optic disc edema is a common clinical finding that can be caused by benign to vision and or life-threatening conditions.
Objective: To investigate the etiologies of optic disc edema among patients presenting to Tilganga Institute of Ophthalmology, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Materials and Methods: A retrospective chart review of patients with optic disc edema presenting to Neuro-ophthalmology department of Tilganga Institute of Ophthalmology from May 2012 to May 2014, was made.
Results: 98 patients were diagnosed with disc edema. Females (64%) were frequently affected. It was noted more in the 21 – 50 age groups. Papilledema was the most frequent cause (35.7%) of disc edema followed by papillitis (28.6%), pseudopapilledma (18.4%) and ischemia (17.3%), respectively. Brain tumors (13%) were the most common etiology for papilledema.
Conclusion: Papilledema along with other causes, are common etiologies for disc edema. A detailed history and careful evaluation are necessary as the treatment strategy highly depends on it’s underlying etiologies.
Assessment of Antimicrobial Prescribing Pattern in the Outpatient Department of Ophthalmology in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Western Uttar Pradesh, India
Authors: Jain Amit Kumar , Naimi Shahzar , Jain Seema 
Published: March 2019

Introduction: Assessment of prescribing pattern at regular interval is essential to avoid inappropriate use of drugs, especially of antimicrobial drugs.
Objectives: The present study was performed to evaluate the prescribing pattern of antimicrobial drugs in the Ophthalmology Out-Patient Department (OPD) of Santosh Medical College and Hospital, Ghaziabad, India.
Material and method: The present study included a total 600 prescriptions of patients attending OPD. A structured proforma was used to record all necessary information of each patient including demographic profi le of patient, diagnosis, total number of drugs and antimicrobials prescribed, group of antimicrobial prescribed, the percentage of antimicrobials prescribed by generic name etc.
Results: Total 600 prescriptions were evaluated. Mean age of the study subjects was 28.4 ± 15.05 years. Total 720 antimicrobials were prescribed and the average number of antimicrobial drugs per prescription was 1.2. Fluoroquinolones were most commonly prescribed antimicrobial drugs followed by aminoglycosides and macrolides. 85% of drugs were prescribed in the form of eye drops while 15% were in the form of an ointment. 1.2% of antimicrobial drugs were prescribed by generic names. Out of total antimicrobials drugs, 420 drugs were in the form of fi xed dose combination. Only 1.6% of drugs were prescribed from National Essential Medicines List (NEML) 2015, India.
Conclusion: Most of the antimicrobials were prescribed by brand names which require important consideration to promote rational use of antimicrobial drugs. In addition, the number of drugs prescribed from NEML was very less, indicating the need of sensitization among prescribers for the promotion of rational use of drugs
The factors associated with hemorrhagic presentation in children with untreated brain arteriovenous malformation: a meta-analysis
Authors: Ai Xiaolin , Ye Zengpanpan , Xu Jianguo , You Chao , Jiang Yan 
Published: March 2019

OBJECTIVERupture of arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) would result in high mortality and prevalence of disability in pediatric patients. Decisions regarding the treatment of AVMs need to weigh the risk of rupture over the course of their natural history against the possibility of creating a lesion during treatment. Multiple factors have been proposed to predict hemorrhagic presentation of pediatric patients with AVMs. The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the predictors of hemorrhagic presentation in pediatric patients with AVMs.METHODSThe authors searched the PubMed and EMBASE databases. Studies reporting the predictors of hemorrhagic presentation in children with untreated brain AVMs were included. The predictive ability of identified predictors was assessed by odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).RESULTSA higher risk of hemorrhagic presentation was found in AVMs with smaller size (< 3 cm, OR 2.97, 95% CI 1.94–4.54, p < 0.00001), deep venous drainage (OR 2.28, 95% CI 1.55–3.36, p < 0.0001), a single draining vein (OR 2.23, 95% CI 1.27–3.92, p = 0.005), a single feeder (OR 3.72, 95% CI 1.31–10.62, p = 0.01), a deep location (OR 1.82, 95% CI 1.22–2.72, p = 0.004), an infratentorial location (OR 2.25, 95% CI 1.19–4.26, p = 0.01), and diffuse morphology (OR 8.94, 95% CI 3.01–26.55, p < 0.0001). In addition, the AVMs with draining vein ectasia (OR 0.35, 95% CI 0.13–0.97, p = 0.04) and high Spetzler-Martin (SM) grade (OR 0.53, 95% CI 0.36–0.78, p = 0.001) had a lower risk of hemorrhagic presentation in pediatric patients.CONCLUSIONSSmaller AVMs, deep venous drainage, a single draining vein, a single feeder, deep/infratentorial location, diffuse morphology, and high SM grade were identified as positive predictors for hemorrhagic presentation. Particularly, patients with diffuse AVMs have a higher risk of hemorrhagic presentation than other factors and may need active treatments. However, factors such as age, sex, draining vein stenosis, and associated aneurysms were not associated with hemorrhagic presentation.
Eteplirsen Treatment Attenuates Respiratory Decline in Ambulatory and Non-Ambulatory Patients with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
Authors: Khan Navid , Eliopoulos Helen , Han Lixin , Kinane T. Bernard , Lowes Linda P. , Mendell Jerry R. , Gordish-Dressman Heather , Henricson Erik K. , McDonald Craig M. ,   on behalf of the Eteplirsen Investigators and the CINRG DNHS Investigators
Published: March 2019

Background: Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) patients experience skeletal muscle degeneration, including respiratory muscles. Respiratory decline in glucocorticoid-treated DMD patients, measured by percent predicted forced vital capacity (FVC% p), is typically 5% annually in patients aged 10 to 18 years. Objective: Evaluate the effects of eteplirsen on FVC% p annual change in 3 trials versus matched Cooperative International Neuromuscular Research Group Duchenne Natural History Study (CINRG DNHS) controls. Methods: Eteplirsen studies 201/202 evaluated eligible ambulatory DMD patients for at least 4 years, study 204 evaluated primarily non-ambulatory DMD patients for 2 years, and ongoing study 301 is evaluating ambulatory DMD patients for 2 years (interim analysis is included). Eteplirsen-treated patients ( n = 74) were amenable to exon 51 skipping and were receiving glucocorticoids. Three CINRG DNHS cohorts included: glucocorticoid-treated patients amenable to exon 51 skipping (Exon 51 CINRG DNHS; n = 20), all glucocorticoid-treated CINRG patients (All CINRG DNHS; n = 172), and all glucocorticoid-treated genotyped CINRG DNHS patients (Genotyped CINRG DNHS; n = 148). FVC% p assessments between ages 10 and <18 years were included for all patients; mixed-model analyses characterized FVC% p annual change. Results: FVC% p annual change was greater for CINRG DNHS Exon 51 controls (– 6.00) versus patients in studies 201/202, study 204, and study 301 (– 2.19, P < 0.001; – 3.66, P 0.004; and – 3.79, P 0.017, respectively). FVC% p annual change in all eteplirsen studies suggested treatment benefit compared with the Genotyped CINRG DNHS (– 5.67) and All CINRG DNHS (– 5.56) cohorts ( P < 0.05, all comparisons). Conclusions: Significant, clinically meaningful attenuation of FVC%p decline was observed in eteplirsen-treated patients versus CINRG DNHS controls.
Komposisi Jenis Lamun (Seagrass) Di Kawasan Pantai Malagoso Desa Dumolodo Kecamatan Gentuma Raya Kabupaten Gorontalo
Authors: Auliyah Nurul 
Published: March 2019

This research aims to identificated the composition of the type and seagrass beds density in malagoso beach, Dulomodo Village. The data was undetaken by survei method and transect square method. There are 3 stations where every stations will cut in 3 times. The analysis used and covering identification of the type of seagrass beds, density, coverage of seagrass and the closure of the parameters of the enviroment. The results of identification to research is found 4 types species of seagrass, there is Enhalus acoroides, Cymodocea serurulata, Halophila ovalis, Syringodium isoetifolium. Seagrass beds density ranged from 20 tegakan/m -600 tegakan/m. The parameter of water quality there are temperature 200C, salinity31 ppt, pH 8,2, brightess about 0,2-1 meters, the substrates are muddy and rocky.Keywords : Seagrass density, The seagrass bed, Malagoso beach.
Struktur Komunitas Mangrove Pesisir Pantai Desa Dalapuli Barat, Bolaang Mongondow Utara
Authors: Auliyah Nurul , Blongkod Agus 
Published: March 2019

Mangrove is one of vegetation on coastal where very important. The aim of research is to know the structure of community of mangrove forests in Dalapuli Barat Village Pinogaluman Sub-district, Bolaang Mongondow Utara District. The method to take the sample in this research is transek square method. The first sample plot is on the left of the path axis and the second sample plot is on the right of the path axis and then alternates. Sampling growth of 2 m x 2 m for the seedling phase, ie regeneration of trees that begin to increase until the power <1.5 m. Example plots are 5 m x 5 m for the stake, ie high regeneration> 1.5 m up to <10 cm in diameter, and. The sample plot is 10 m x 10m for the tree phase, ie trees having a diameter of more than 10 cm. The results of this study are: 8 species of mangrove species are found in Rhyzopora apiculata, Xylocarpus granatum, Cheriops tag, Sonneratia alba, Nypa fruticans, Lumnitzera littorea, pandanus techtorius, and Acanthus ebracteatus The essential tree index value (INP) is 302, Pancang is 302, (scale 0 - 300 and seedling level includes 313. Index diversity of analysis result is low. Keywords : Mangrove, Community, Dalapuli Village
The MOSDEF Survey: Broad Emission Lines at z = 1.4–3.8*
Authors: Freeman William R. , Siana Brian , Kriek Mariska , Shapley Alice E. , Reddy Naveen , Coil Alison L. , Mobasher Bahram , Muratov Alexander L. , Azadi Mojegan , Leung Gene , Sanders Ryan , Shivaei Irene , Price Sedona H. , DeGroot Laura , Kereš Dušan 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
We present results from the MOSFIRE Deep Evolution Field survey on broad flux from the nebular emission lines Hα, [N ii], [O iii], Hβ, and [S ii]. The sample consists of 127 star-forming galaxies at 1.37 < z < 2.61 and 84 galaxies at 2.95 < z < 3.80. We decompose the emission lines using narrow and broad Gaussian components that we define as having FWHM < 275 km s−1 and FWHM > 300 km s−1, respectively, for both individual galaxies and stacks. For individual galaxies, broad emission is detected at >3σ in <10% of galaxies and the broad flux accounts for 10%–70% of the total flux. In the stacks, we find a slight increase in broad to narrow flux ratio with mass but note that we cannot reliably detect broad emission with FWHM < 275 km s−1, which may be significant at low masses. When placed on the N2-BPT diagram ([O iii]/Hβ versus [N ii]/Hα), the broad components of the stacks are shifted toward higher [O iii]/Hβ and [N ii]/Hα ratios compared to the narrow component. We compare the location of the broad components to shock models and find that the broad component could be explained as a shocked outflow, but we do not rule out other possibilities, such as the presence of an AGN. We discuss the possible consequences of shocked emission on the galaxy location in emission line diagnostic diagrams and calculation of SFR. We attempt to estimate the mass outflow rate/star formation rate, but caution that our results strongly rely on the assumptions regarding the physical properties of the outflow.
Mega-Gauss Plasma Jet Creation Using a Ring of Laser Beams
Authors: Gao L. , Liang E. , Lu Y. , Follet R. K. , Sio H. , Tzeferacos P. , Froula D. H. , Birkel A. , Li C. K. , Lamb D. , Petrasso R. , Fu W. , Wei M. , Ji H. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Using 20 OMEGA laser beams at the Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, to irradiate a flat plastic target in a hollow ring configuration, we created supersonic cylindrical stable plasma jets with self-generated megagauss magnetic fields extending out to >4 mm. These well-collimated magnetized jets possess a number of distinct and novel properties that will allow us to study the dynamics, physical processes, and scaling properties of astrophysical jets with a dynamic range exceeding those of previous laboratory settings. The dimensionless parameters of these laboratory jets fall in the same regime as those of young stellar object jets. These jets will also provide new versatile laser-based platforms to study magnetized shocks, shear flows, and other plasma processes under controllable conditions.
Charged Compact Binary Coalescence Signal and Electromagnetic Counterpart of Plunging Black Hole–Neutron Star Mergers
Authors: Zhang Bing 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
If at least one of the members of a compact binary coalescence is charged, the inspiral of the two members would generate a Poynting flux with an increasing power, giving rise to a brief electromagnetic counterpart temporally associated with the chirp signal of the merger (with possibly a small temporal offset), which we term as the charged compact binary coalescence (cCBC) signal. We develop a general theory of cCBC for any mass and amount of charge for each member. Neutron stars (NSs), as spinning magnets, are guaranteed to be charged, so the cCBC signal should accompany all NS mergers. The cCBC signal is clean in a black hole (BH)–NS merger with a small mass ratio (

), in which the NS plunges into the BH as a whole, and its luminosity/energy can reach that of a fast radio burst if the NS is Crab-like. The strength of the cCBC signal in Extreme Mass Ratio Inspiral Systems is also estimated.
Poétiques sur le pas de porte : de la magopinaciophilie comme terrain littéraire
Authors: Chavoz Ninon 
Published: March 2019

Cet article entend se pencher sur le terrain congru que représente un pas de porte investi par les prospectus des marabouts. Nourrissant une véritable pulsion collectionneuse dont le meilleur exemple demeure le site de la magopinaciophilie en ligne depuis 2005, ces cartes de visite sont à la fois l’indice d’un « branchement » interculturel et le support d’une potentielle circulation poétique. L’examen des occurrences littéraires du marabout africain, dont on cherchera ici la trace chez Sami Tchak, Calixthe Beyala, Olivier Cadiot et Patrick Grainville, témoigne cependant d’une relative discrétion de cette figure, aujourd’hui largement occultée par la silhouette chatoyante du sapeur.
Migrations and Metropolises: Photographic Views
Authors: Raulin Anne , Conord Sylvaine , Berthomière William , Ebilitigué Ines , Färber Alexa 
Published: March 2019

Since photography was invented, its techniques and uses have kept evolving throughout the 19th, 20th and 21st centuries. The Thirties marked a turning point when American anthropologists considered photographic images as a legitimate instrument for ethnographic research. Renewed historical conditions, migration currents and the recent digital revolutions radically changed the connection between this media and the social sciences. Considering the last thirty years of research on migration and its visibility in contemporary metropolises, seven researchers contribute here to give an account of how photographic documentation moved from “social photography” to “participative photography” – nevertheless keeping ethnographic purposes in mind. In this process, migrants may have become active participants in producing images, which enhance the city, more precisely their own neighbourhood, and in staging local otherness. As for the photographer-researcher, s/he may choose between a variety of positions, working as an active witness of their individual or collective history, as an ethnographer revealing cultural particularisms, an artist catalyst of social perceptions, a flâneur drifting along floating observations… so following the democratization of the use of images which allows a permanent invention of means of expression.