bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using Arithmetic Weighted and Bhargava Methods to Classify Irrigation Water Quality Index for Shatt-Al Kufa in Najaf Province, Iraq
Authors: M. Kizar Fatima , . . 
Published: April 2019

WQI is a mathematical method used to convert the bulk of the information into a single number to express the data in a simplified and explicable form. This study is concerned with evaluating an applicable WQI for irrigation use at several locations on Shatt Al-Kufa. The ten water quality parameters of pH, Electrical Conductivity (EC), Total Dissolved Solid (TDS), Total Hardness (T.H), Calcium (Ca+2), Magnesium (Mg+2), Sodium (Na+), Potassium (K+), Chlorides (Cl-1) and Sulphate (SO4)-2 were studied over a period of twelve months (January to December 2017) for six selected locations, including Zerkh, Kufa, Manathira, Hira, Mashkhaband Qadisiya on Shatt Al-Kufa, Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR) was also calculated. Two methods (Weighted Arithmetic and Bhargava) were applied to categorize the WQI of the raw river water for irrigation use, and then a comparison of the two methods was made to determine the difference between them. The Results of the overall, annual and seasonal WQI values according to both Weighted Arithmetic and Bhargava methods were classified as good in all selected locations with the except of some cases in summer, spring and autumn seasons for Weighted Arithmetic which were classified as excellent (0-25). The difference between the two methods is also presented.Â Â Â
Estimation of Tap Water Quality in Babylon Governorate /Iraq, (2017) in Accordance with CCME
Authors: Ali Hammood Zahraa , Jassim Mahan Elaf , Kadhim Tayyeh Halah 
Published: April 2019

This research included evaluation quality of water by utilizing Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment Water Quality Index (CCME WQI) by analyzing many chemical and physical properties of tap water (inside houses) for five regions (AL Musayab, AL Kasim, AL kifil, AL Mahawil and Hilla Center) in Babylon Governorate, Iraq. The properties included (PH, temperature, Ec, Hardness, turbidity, T.D.S, Ca, So4, Mg) through three months (January, February, and March) / 2017. The evaluated amounts of CCME WQI proved that the quality of water round five regions were good through study interval and calculated amounts of properties were in Iraqi standards of drinking water (No. 417,2001) except Ca and turbidity.Â Â Â
Modified Strut Effectiveness Factor for FRP-Reinforced Concrete Deep Beams
Authors: N. Hanoon Ammar , R. Al Zaidee Salah , Sahib Banyhussan Qais , A. Abdulhameed Ali 
Published: April 2019

A few examinations have endeavored to assess a definitive shear quality of a fiber fortified polymer (FRP)- strengthened solid shallow shafts. Be that as it may, need data announced for examining the solid profound pillars strengthened with FRP bars. The majority of these investigations don't think about the blend of the rigidity of both FRP support and cement. This examination builds up a basic swagger adequacy factor model to evaluate the referenced issue. Two sorts of disappointment modes; concrete part and pulverizing disappointment modes were examined. Protection from corner to corner part is chiefly given by the longitudinal FRP support, steel shear fortification, and cement rigidity. The proposed model has been confirmed utilizing an aggregate of 45 databases gathered from writing. Results show that the proposed model can evaluate a definitive shear quality. Structure of trial (DOE) programming was used to examine the impact of different parameter esteems on a definitive shear quality limit. The outcomes demonstrate that the shear range to powerful profundity proportion has the most astounding impact contrasted and alternate parameters.Â Â Â
Influence of Percentage Replacement of Metakaolin on Different Concrete Types Exposed to Internal Sulphate Attack
Authors: K. Awad Hadeel , K. Aboud Rawaa , D. Mohammed Shatha 
Published: April 2019

This research presents an experimental investigation on the influence of metakaolin replacement percentage upon some properties of Â Â Â Â Â Â different concrete types. Three types of concrete were adopted (self- compacted concrete, high performance concrete and reactive powder concrete) all of high sulphate (SO3) percentage from the fine aggregate weight, 0.75%.Three percentages of metakaolin replacement were selected to be studied (5, 7 and 10) %. Three types of concrete properties (compressive, flexural and splitting tensile strength) were adopted to achieve better understanding for the influence of adding metakaolin..Â The output results indicated that the percentage of metakaolin had a different level of positive effect on the compressive strength for both including and excluding of internal sulphate attack. This effect reached at 28 days of curing to (11.86, 10.22 and 4.75) % in case of excluding sulphate attack and to (13.82, 11.47and 6.53) % in the other case for SCC, HPC and RPC respectively. It can be concluded that the effect of metakaolin in both SCC and HPC are more influence than in RPC. Splitting and flexural strength have showed a similar behavior, flexural strength increased by (15.38, 9.42 and 5,84) % at age of 28 days when the sulphate attack is excluded, while it was (14.02, 10.66 and 4.28)% in case of sulphate attack included for SCC,HPC and RPC respectively. The response of splitting tensile strength for both including and excluding of sulphate attack reached to (13.03, 12.95 and 9.17) % and (16.88, 10.33 and 6.74) % respectively for SCC, HPC and RPC.Â Â Â
Analytical Study of Static Observation According to IGS Products
Authors: A. Alkanaani Hayder 
Published: April 2019

There are many factors affecting the observation accuracy that adopt GNSS technique based on the International GNSS Service (IGS). This can be due to several factors occur in observing process, including satellites and stations clocks, atmospheric parameters, earth crust movement that causes annual changes in the earth's points locations including IGS stations, as well as Earth Polar Motion (EPM). This error ranges from a several centimeters to a few meters. To avoid these errors IGS gave many instructions to increase the observations accuracy in order to reach precise positioning measurements.The objective of this study is to analyze the IGS products and then make a test by observing some points with (Leica Viva GNSS) device and send them to correction by adopt the instructions of this site, which are classified into four broad categories (Broad Cast, Ultra Rapid Predicted and Observed, Rapid, Final). All of these factors are affected by (observing period, Dilution of precision DOP, the timing of data transmission to the relevant site). The accuracy of the observed coordinates are related to these factors. A solution of this problem may be identifying by comparing the OPUS correction with the ideal IGS products to know the difference.Finally, the results of the maximum observing period data (4 hours) and (4 week processing) were compared with the ideal values prepared by the IGS products then specifying the difference value. The results may be adopted as a guide for the surveyor to specify the optimum method of observing.Â Â
Suitability Analysis for the Locations of Schools Using Geographic Information System (GIS) and Remote Sensing for Al-Diwaniyah City, Iraq
Authors: M. Al-khuzaie Marwah , Janna Hussein , A. Al-Yousify Hayder , Al-Rubaye Ahmed 
Published: April 2019

There are several factors affect the determination of the best location for schools, however, it is very difficult to satisfy by one method for location determination. These factors can be classified to environmental, economic, technical and political social demands. In this study, a frame work, depended on analytic hierarchy process, for determination of the best location an ArcGIS10.1 software was applied to deal with geographical information system and uncertainty situations. Nine sets were used in this study: distance from emergency facilities, distance from existing schools, distance from roads, distance from rivers, distance from railway, distance from land use, distance from gas pipe and population density. Four scores then were found depending on normalizing of the nine sets: Unsuitable, Less Suitable, Suitable and Most Suitable areas. This research aims to find the best locations for primary schools by creating a model which applied into construction and making digital maps and hard copy for the schools that can be updated with demanded. Using GIS will make a huge development in selecting the locations of new schools and also can be applied in different other sectors.Â Â
The Removal of Terasil Navy Blue Dye from Al-Kut Textile Wastewater Using Membrance Technologies
Authors: Asal Gzar Hatem , Khalid shhaieb Zahraa 
Published: April 2019

The current work was devoted to study the operating feasibility using membranes which were manufactured locally, two membrance types were tested nanofiltration (NF) and ultrafiltration (UF) membrane to treat the effluent of Al-kut textile industry. Based on the usage rate in Iraq textile industries, terasil navy blue (TNB) is one of the common disperse dyes discharged in effluent wastewater. Therefore this type of dyes was selected to experience in this study. Parameters such as effects of TNB concentration, feed temperature and operating pressure and its effect on permeate flux noticed and the TNB rejection were investigated. The results show that when using NF system at pressure of 10 bar and when the temperature increased from 25ÂºC to 37ÂºC, it was found that an increase in permeate flux from 46.97 to 50 LMH.Â However, in UF system permeate flux was increased from 41.32 to 45.04 LMH.Â While dye removal was decline in NF membrane from 96.00 to 95.14 and for UF from 79.50 to 78.67 when the temperature raised from 25ÂºC to 37ÂºC.The pressure state positive effects on dye removal for both membranes, it show that NF membrane is better in treatment than UF membrane.Â Â
Investigation of the Optimal Percentage from Polyvinyl Alcohol on Flexural Strength of Cement Mortar Composite
Authors: A. Abbas Waleed , N. Korkess Iqbal , Jasim H. Mahdi 
Published: April 2019

Polyvinyl alcohol solution(PVA) proveded potential enhancement of the properties of cement mortar composite. This work investigated the effect of (w/c) and polymer-cement ratios (p/c) on the flexural strength of type I Portland cement mortar. A sand-cement ratio (s/c) of 1.25 and 0.5 by mass was used, and PVA powder was dispersed in water at (0.7%, 1%, 2%, and 3%) by weight of cement. The p/c solution was adjusted at five different values of 0.008, 0.012, 0.016, 0.020 and 30% covering relatively low and high values. Two types of curing were used; wet and dry curing. The study results demonstrated that flexural strength and significant water absorption properties of Portland cement mortar, as well as workability can be basically enhanced by the addition of PVA. Composite was prepared with optimum (p/c) 1.6% at concentration of 1% by mass under dry curing. The highest flexural strength was above twice the flexural strength of unmodified mortar. Also modified mortar samples illustrated that increasing of (p/c) causes reducing water absorption due to the packing effect caused by PVA, while mortar prepared at 0.1 and 0.3 w/c and (p/c) respectively, exhibited an increase in flexural strength which was more than the strength of unmodified mortar.Â Â
Demographics, Economics and Psychographics Determinants of Life Insurance Consumption among School Teachers in Kampar, Perak
Authors: Bakar Juliana Abu , Ganapathy Thavamalar ap , Krishnan Chitrah a/p 
Published: April 2019

Life insurance has become a stable and progressive market keep improving as one of the key financial pillars in Malaysia. However, current consumption rate of 55.5% is considered low and there were more prospects for life insurance companies to grow in suburban and rural areas as the concentration now is more in urban areas. Thereby, there is a need to extend and focus on the rest of uninsured population at which high proportion to be concentrated on both suburban and rural areas. This study aims to determine demographics, economics and psychographics factors that influence consumer purchasing decisions of life insurance among 1,256 school teachers in Kampar district. The stratified random sampling technique applied in order to select the respondents for this study and the data has been analyzed by using multiple regression model. The justification for selecting this technique is to ensure that all schools in Kampar district have its representative.Â This study found that personality behavior in psychographic factor is positively and significant determinant of life insurance consumption among school teachers in Kampar District. This study will significant towards growth of insurance industry, whereby it wills benefits governmental or non-governmental agencies.
Diagnostics of the 3 Kv DC Traction Power Network
Authors: Jerzy Wojciechowski , Józef Syc , Tomasz Perzyński , Zbigniew Łukasik 
Published: April 2019

The railway traction network line is one of the technical elements ensuring proper operation of railway traffic. Due to its technical function and specificity, it is an essential element of the railway infrastructure. That is, why diagnostics of traction networks is a very important issue. In the article, the authors presented issues related to the diagnostics of 3kVDC traction networks. An analysis of traction network faults for a group of power supply areas was also presented. Additionally, calculations of damage indicators in a selected, representative power supply area are presented. On the basis of made an analysis authors proposed solutions aimed at minimizing breakdowns in traction networks.
Heat Transfer in the Ducts of the Cooling Systems of Traction Motors
Authors: Ð. Aleksahin A , V Panchu A , A. Parkhomenko L , V. Bilovol H 
Published: April 2019

Requirements for increasing thermal efficiency heat exchangers, which lead to energy saving, material and reduction cost, and as a result of reducing the impact on the environment, led to the development and use of various methods of increasing heat transfer. These methods are called intensification of heat transfer processes. Intensification of heat and mass transfer processes is of great importance for making progress in improving the existing and creation of new energy and heat-exchange equipment. Among the ways of intensifying heat transfer, the swirling of flows of working media is one of the simplest and most common methods and is widely used in energy-intensive channels of nuclear power plants, heat exchangers, aeronautical and rocket and space equipment, chemical industry and other technical devices. We have proposed formulas to determine the cooling air velocity necessary to ensure the required temperature condition of the traction motor assemblies. Decrease in the power of fans in the cooling system using the artificial heat transfer intensification in the ducts was estimated based on the generalization of the results of calculations.Â Â
Using â€œSustainable Developmentâ€ Computer Program to Determine the Environmental Safety of the Regions
Authors: O. Soloshych I. , I. Pochtovyuk S. 
Published: April 2019

The article is devoted to the problem of determining the environmental safety of the country or its regions. It has been shown that existing software provides for automatic identification of only individual indicators or constituents of environmental safety. To eliminate these shortcomings, a methodology for assessing the environmental safety of the country or its regions has been substantiated and a model for building "Sustainable Development" software program has been developed. The paper gives the examples of the application of the developed "Sustainable Development" software program, which uses a system of basic indicators, combined in homogeneous groups â€“ economic, social, and environmental. The use of the software for any country in the world is substantiated, provided that the relevant empirical data are entered in order to develop the strategic purposes of the development of the regions and the entire country.Â Â
Efficiency Justification of the Special Tread Wheelset Passage Along Specific Track Section
Authors: Hauser VladimÃ­r , Gerlici Juraj , Nozhenko Olena , Kravchenko Kateryna , LoulovÃ¡ MÃ¡ria 
Published: April 2019

In urban railway environments, the problem of tramcars passing small radius arches appears to be topical. In this regard is proposed that the wheelsets should be complemented on the outer side of the wheels with a second tread of a lower radius, intended exclusively for ride in arches of the track with a radius which the conventional wheelsets cannot even theoretically pass without creep. The complemented wheel tread enters into operation (or out of action) as a result of passing over a specially shaped rail located in the intersections before and behind the small radius arc. In this process, there is a step change in the wheel-rail contact location - similar to what is commonly used when riding on a facing rail located in the immediate vicinity of the point frog. The paper deals with the comparison of these two cases based on a simulation analysis of vehicle ride. The contact point change is evaluated by steering forces, angles of attack and the creep velocities. Four times longer service life of the proposed shaped rail than the one of a frog point is expected.Â Â
Influence of Subjective and Objective Thermal Comfort Parameters on Building Primary Fuel Energy Consumption
Authors: I. Deshko V. , A. Buyak N. , O. Sukhodub I. 
Published: April 2019

The building is considered together with a heating source in the analysis, it is also proposed to include a human thermal comfort model in this complex system. Regression equations for determining the comfortable room air temperature according to energy and exergy approaches are presented. Human thermal comfort model is included for the first time in the complex building energy system, by determining the comfortable room air temperature, which corresponds to PMV (predicted mean vote), not lower than value for the corresponding building category. The effect of enclosing structures thermal resistance changes on space average radiant temperature and on building category in terms of providing comfortable conditions is estimated. The influence of thermal comfort subjective parameters on primary fuel exergy consumption by the centralized heating system is estimated on the basis of developed model for the Ukrainian conditions.Â Â
Simulation of Taxation of Enterprises
Authors: Ievsieieva Olga , . . 
Published: April 2019

In the article, a taxation methodology is proposed for enterprises of the agricultural sector of the economy which allows forecasting tax revenues. The model is based on the correlation and regression analysis. The author suggests using the paired comparison and prioritization methods for the scientific rationale of the choice of the model. The effectiveness of the company's fiscal policy is determined based on the value of the coefficient, which is calculated as the ratio of the actual amount of collected taxes to their amount obtained by calculation using the regression equation. The methodology can be used by the managers of the agricultural sector of the economy to compare the performance of the enterprises and the rationale for incentives. The utilization of the results of the analysis is reasonable for justification of investment projects with the objective of developing the agricultural sector of the regional economy.Â Â Â
Increasing Competitiveness of Passenger Rail Transportation Amid Organizational and Structural Transformations
Authors: V.Myroshnychenko U , V.Motsna I , V.Gritsenko N 
Published: April 2019

The decline in the volume of passenger traffic, the critical level of financial condition, and the depreciation of the material and technical base caused a significant economic downfall of the railway transport. The reorganization of structural units is intended to improve the quality of service provision, which affects the final demand of consumers, which influences the volume and profitability of passenger transportation. The author suggests applying the principles of the organization of the revenue account from passenger transportation, exempt from VAT, to reduce its loss ratio amid organizational and structural transformations during the reshaping of passenger transport segment. Increasing the competitiveness of passenger rail transportation will contribute to the economic development of the entire nation.Â Â
Detection of Jumps Parameters in Economic Processes(the Case of Modelling Profitability)
Authors: V. Poliarus O. , O. Poliakov Y. , L. Nazarenko I. , T. Borovyk Y. , V. Kondratiuk M. 
Published: April 2019

A new method of parameters jumps detection in economic processes is presented. A jump of the economic process parameter must be understood as a rapid parameter change for a time that does not exceed the period of process registration.Â A system of stochastic differential equations for a posteriori density probability of a jump is synthesized. The solution of the system is the probability of a parameter jump, the estimation and variance of the jump in the presence of a priori information under conditions of noise influence. The simulation results are conducted for profitability of machine building industry of Kharkiv region, Ukraine. The system provides detection of jump parameters, even in conditions of intense noise of economic nature. To increase the probability of finding jumps it is necessary to have a priori information.Â Â
The Impact of Corporate Sector on Social Standards Development in Ukraine
Authors: Tretyak Viktoriia , Kvitka Anton , Andreieva Kateryna , Bieliai Maksym 
Published: April 2019

This paper is devoted to determining the impact of the corporate sector on the development and implementation of social standards in the society in which it operates. Attention is paid to the formation of trends in social standards changes in terms of the activities of industrial corporations. By studying a number of indicators, a comparative analysis of these processes in Ukraine and Europe is presented. Recommendations for domestic industrial companies have been worked out, implementation of which will significantly improve the competitiveness of Ukrainian corporate sector and determine the tendencies of harmonization of social standards in Ukraine with the European ones.Â Â
Introducing ERP System as a Condition of Information Security and Accounting System Transformation
Authors: Trunina Iryna , Vartanova Olena , Sushchenko Olena , Onyshchenko Oksana 
Published: April 2019

Despite the level of the information technology spread in Ukraine being lower than in other countries ERP systems are introduced both on the levels of commercial and government organizations. Although there is an adaptation to the national and language features of different countries in ERP systems, their introduction into Ukrainian markets relates to a range of difficulties. Information safety issues and the issues of changes in management accounts and business accounting that appear when introducing ERP system are the main difficulties for Ukrainian enterprises. The research of information security considers such main aspects as the network security, the data base (DB) security, the security on the level of application server and the information security on the clientâ€™s computer. The determination of the main principles of the information security and the suggestion of the stages of building the ERP security control subsystem aim at preventing deliberate or accidental information leak. Features of Ukrainian legislation, differences of Ukrainian business accounting standards from the international ones and the management features should be considered when introducing ERP system. The company executives, in their turn, should understand the urgent need in introducing information technologies, realize that the information system is a management system and not only the system of accounting and should meet the requirements and standards of ERP management.Â Â