bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antitumor activity of NAX060: A novel semisynthetic berberine derivative in breast cancer cells
Authors: Pierpaoli Elisa , Fiorillo Gaetano , Lombardi Paolo , Salvatore Carmela , Geroni Cristina , Piacenza Francesco , Provinciali Mauro 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBreast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy and the most common cause of cancer death in elderly women. We recently demonstrated that innovative compounds structurally related to and semisynthetically derived from the plant alkaloid berberine represent a promising unexplored resource for novel therapeutic tools in BC therapy. In this study, we analyzed the effectiveness of new 13‐dichlorophenylalkyl berberine semisynthetic derivatives (NAX060, NAX103, NAX111, and NAX114) on the viability of BC cell lines. Our results demonstrated that the new compounds effectively inhibited the growth of a variety of human BC cell lines. In particular, the viability of HER‐2 overexpressing SK‐BR‐3 cells was significantly reduced by the treatment with NAX060, the most active compound, in a dose and time‐dependent manner. In the same tumor cell line, NAX060 induced a strong increase in sub‐G1 population while G0/G1 and G2/M phase cells remarkably decreased. NAX060 withdrawal after 72 h of treatment resulted in an irreversible cell proliferation arrest and increasing cell death. Real‐time PCR analyses showed that NAX060 induced the expression of some cell‐cycle checkpoint molecules involved in cell senescence such as p21WAF1, p27, p16INK4a, and PAI‐1. Furthermore, the HER‐2 protein expression and phosphorylation, as well as the level of heparanase expression, were remarkably reduced on SK‐BR‐3 cells. NAX060 was effective also on HER‐2 negative tumor cells, and, in particular, on human triple‐negative MDA‐MB‐231 cells. These data suggest a potential therapeutic effect of NAX060 compound in the management of BC malignancies. Interestingly, NAX060 may represent a new useful tool also in triple‐negative BC. © 2018 BioFactors, 44(5):443–452, 2018
Promotion Effect of Ga−Co Spinel Derived from Layered Double Hydroxides for Toluene Oxidation
Authors: Yang Qilei , Wang Dong , Wang Chizhong , Li Kezhi , Peng Yue , Li Junhua 
Published: September 2018

AbstractConsidering the radius similarity of Al3+ (0.50 Å) and Ga3+ (0.62 Å), Al−Co and Ga−Co layered double hydroxides (LDH) was prepared as precursor to improve the synergetic interaction of the transition metals. The Al−Co and Ga−Co spinel catalysts were obtained by the following calcination for the toluene oxidation. The Ga−Co (Ea=79.5 kJ mol−1) showed higher activity than the Al−Co (Ea=95.4 kJ mol−1), and it exhibited excellent stability and resistance to carbon deposition during a 50 h reaction period at 300 °C. Characterization results indicated that the improved activity of Ga−Co spinel could be attributed to the higher reducibility (H2‐TPR), more surface Co3+ and adsorbed oxygen in quantity (XPS) and adsorbed toluene (Toluene‐TPD) than Al−Co spinel. Compared with traditional Ga−Co binary catalyst, the spinel structure possessed more B‐sites cations outermost of the surface and surface oxygen vacancies for the toluene adsorption and ring‐open reaction.
Design of Ordered Mesoporous Sulfonic Acid Functionalized ZrO2/organosilica Bifunctional Catalysts for Direct Catalytic Conversion of Glucose to Ethyl Levulinate
Authors: Song Daiyu , Zhang Qingqing , Sun Yingnan , Zhang Panpan , Guo Yi‐Hang , Hu Jiang‐Lei 
Published: September 2018

AbstractOrdered mesoporous sulfonic acid functionalized ZrO2/organosilica catalysts (SO42−/ZrO2‐PMO‐SO3H) bearing tunable Brønsted, and Lewis acid site distributions were prepared by a P123‐directed sol‐gel co‐condensation route followed by ClSO3H functionalization. As‐prepared catalysts were applied in the conversion of glucose to ethyl levulinate in ethanol medium. The SO42−/ZrO2‐PMO‐SO3H‐catalyzed target reaction followed a glucose‐ethyl glucoside‐ethyl fructoside‐5‐ethoxymethylfurfural‐ethyl levulinate pathway dominated by the synergistic effect of the super strong Brønsted acidity, and moderate Lewis acidity of the catalysts. Additionally, by combining the advantages of the considerably high Brønsted (696 μeq g−1), Lewis acid site density (703 μeq g−1), optimal Brønsted/Lewis molar ratio (0.99), and excellent porosity properties, the SO42−/ZrO2‐PMO‐SO3H1.0 obtained at an initial Si/Zr molar ratio of 1.0 exhibited the highest ethyl levulinate yield (42.3 %) among the various tested catalysts. Moreover, the SO42−/ZrO2‐PMO‐SO3H can be reused three times without obvious changes in activity, morphology, and chemical structure.
Spirobifluorene‐based Porous Organic Polymers as Efficient Porous Supports for Pd and Pt for Selective Hydrogenation
Authors: Trandafir Mihaela Mirela , Pop Lidia , Hӑdade Niculina D. , Hristea Ioana , Teodorescu Cristian Mihail , Krumeich Frank , van Bokhoven Jeroen A. , Grosu Ion , Parvulescu Vasile I. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractSpirobifluorene‐based porous organic polymers (POP) were synthesized following two different protocols; the acetylenic coupling reaction conditions and the Sonogashira cross‐coupling reaction. These were utilized as support for the hydrogenation of a series of species containing unsaturated C=C and C=O bonds (4‐nitrostyrene, 4‐bromobenzophenone, acetophenone, 7‐nitro‐1‐tetralone and 1,2‐naphtoquinone confirmed their efficiency). POP1 prepared via a copper‐catalysis protocol was completely inactive, while POP2‐4 containing residual Pd exhibited different activities in accordance to the accessibility of the substrates to the metal. Further deposition of 0.5 wt% Pd led to active and stable catalysts. They were easily separated by filtration, and after re‐dispersion, afforded the same performances for ten successive cycles. This study also evidenced the specific role of the support in these reactions by comparing the behavior of Pd/POP with that of a Pd/C catalyst with the same loading of palladium. The deposition of Pt on these supports led to sub‐nanometric particles and, in accordance, to a different catalytic behavior reflected merely by differences in the selectivity.
Influence of Design Parameters on Biomass Separation in Mini‐hydrocyclones
Authors: Brito-Parada Pablo R. , Dewes Ruben Markus , Vega-Garcia Dennis , Cilliers Jan J. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractSmall hydrocyclones are an attractive technology for biomass separation from fermentation processes. The interactive effect of design parameters on the performance of mini‐hydrocyclones is, however, not fully explored and studies are often limited by the challenges in manufacturing such small units. Here, 10‐mm mini‐hydrocyclones are produced by 3D printing and the impact of spigot diameter, vortex finder diameter and height on separation performance is studied. A central composite rotatable design was adopted to obtain information on the relation between the variables and their influence on concentration ratio and recovery of yeast from a highly diluted system. A Pareto front for separation performance was generated and shown to be suitable to select an optimal design for a set of process constraints.
Carbon2Chem® – Technical Center in Duisburg
Authors: Wich Teresa , Lüke Wiebke , Büker Karsten , von Morstein Olaf , Kleinschmidt Ralph , Oles Markus , Achatz Reinhold 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe aim of Carbon2Chem® is to use CO2‐containing top gases from the steel production as a raw material for chemical products. The scientific foundations and tests with synthetic top gases on a laboratory scale have already been investigated. The technical implementation under real top gas conditions is tested in a technical center that was especially built for the project. In the demonstration plants which are directly connected to the integrated steelwork in Duisburg technologies for CO2 reduction are further developed.
Design and Synthesis of Bioisosteres of Acylhydrazones as Stable Inhibitors of the Aspartic Protease Endothiapepsin
Authors: Jumde Varsha R. , Mondal Milon , Gierse Robin M. , Unver M. Yagiz , Magari Francesca , van Lier Roos C. W. , Heine Andreas , Klebe Gerhard , Hirsch Anna K. H. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAcylhydrazone‐based dynamic combinatorial chemistry (DCC) is a powerful strategy for the rapid identification of novel hits. Even though acylhydrazones are important structural motifs in medicinal chemistry, their further progression in development may be hampered by major instability and potential toxicity under physiological conditions. It is therefore of paramount importance to identify stable replacements for acylhydrazone linkers. Herein, we present the first report on the design and synthesis of stable bioisosteres of acylhydrazone‐based inhibitors of the aspartic protease endothiapepsin as a follow‐up to a DCC study. The most successful bioisostere is equipotent, bears an amide linker, and we confirmed its binding mode by X‐ray crystallography. Having some validated bioisosteres of acylhydrazones readily available might accelerate hit‐to‐lead optimization in future acylhydrazone‐based DCC projects.
Highly Ordered 3D Silicon Micro‐Mesh Structures Integrated with Nanowire Arrays: A Multifunctional Platform for Photodegradation, Photocurrent Generation, and Materials Conversion
Authors: Chang Bingdong , Tang Yingying , Liang Mingli , Jansen Henri , Jensen Flemming , Wang Bo , Mølhave Kristian , Hübner Jörg , Sun Hongyu 
Published: September 2018

AbstractHierarchical three dimensional (3D) microstructures integrated with low‐dimensional nanomaterials can realize novel properties or improved performance. We report a unique conductive and highly ordered 3D silicon micro‐mesh structure, which is fabricated by standard lithography using a modified plasma etch process. Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanowires are then integrated with the micro‐mesh, and the density of ZnO nanowires (NWs) can be increased by around one order of magnitude compared with ZnO NWs on a 2D substrate. Owing to the high spatial density of ZnO NWs on the robust 3D silicon micro‐mesh structures, improved photocatalytic activity and stability can be achieved. A remarkable enhancement of photocurrent response is also observed. The ZnO can be converted into ZnS NWs and ZnO@ZIF‐8 as on the micromesh. This method is low‐cost and compatible with traditional complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor industries, and provides new possibilities for a wide range of devices based on micro‐nano‐electro‐mechanical and chemical systems.
The Irwin Test and Functional Observational Battery (FOB) for Assessing the Effects of Compounds on Behavior, Physiology, and Safety Pharmacology in Rodents
Authors: Mathiasen Joanne R. , Moser Virginia C. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe modified Irwin procedure or functional observational battery (FOB) can be used to achieve several goals. New chemical entities (NCEs) can be behaviorally screened for nervous system effects at a variety of doses to identify potential therapeutic uses and in the selection of appropriate doses for subsequent assays. NCEs can also be evaluated in the behavioral battery and compared with reference standards to assess liabilities in a new compound class, with an estimatedtherapeutic indexbeing suggested by the doses used in comparison to therapeutic doses. For the assessment of neurotoxicology, the FOB is often used. The differences between the two assays are subtle. The procedures used are essentially the same, but when considering neurotoxicology, the FOB is often conducted using GLP guidelines, with more animals being used per group, and doses that are low enough to determine a no effect level and high enough to induce marked nervous system behaviors. © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Long Wavelength Light Activated Prodrug Conjugates for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Hou Yutong , Zhou Zhiguo , Huang Kai , Yang Hong , Han Gang 
Published: September 2018

AbstractLong wavelength light (LWL) activated prodrug conjugates are a promising system to prevent systemic side effects and reduce drug resistance in cancer therapy. These systems have been applied for spatiotemporal‐ and dose‐controlled drug release under low‐energy LWL irradiation. Compared with other drug release systems, LWL‐activated prodrug conjugates offer deep‐tissue cancer therapies at the desired site and time with excitation only by LWL. Therefore, the fabrication of LWL‐activated prodrug conjugates is highly important. To achieve this goal, a LWL transducer that could convert LWL into an on‐demand stimulus for prodrug activation was proposed. This Minireview summarizes the latest developments of light transduction and the application in LWL‐activated prodrug conjugates for biomedical applications.
Mesoporogen‐Free Synthesis of Hierarchical SAPO‐34 with Low Template Consumption and Excellent Methanol‐to‐Olefin Conversion
Authors: Sun Qiming , Wang Ning , Bai Risheng , Chen Guangrui , Shi Zhiqiang , Zou Yongcun , Yu Jihong 
Published: September 2018

AbstractSignificant interest has emerged in the development of nanometer‐sized and hierarchical silicoaluminophosphate zeolites (SAPO‐34) because of their enhanced accessibility and improved catalytic activity for methanol‐to‐olefin (MTO) conversion. A series of nanometer‐sized SAPO‐34 catalysts with tunable hierarchical structures was synthesized in a Al2O3/H3PO4/SiO2/triethylamine(TEA)/H2O system by using a mesoporogen‐free nanoseed‐assisted method. The nanometer‐sized hierarchical SH‐3.0 catalyst (TEA/Al2O3=3.0) possessed the highest crystallinity, highest abundance of intracrystalline meso‐/macropores, and the most suitable acidity among all obtained catalysts, showing the highest ethylene and propylene selectivity of 85.4 %. This is the highest reported selectivity for MTO reactions under similar conditions. Detailed analysis of the coke produced during the reaction revealed that the small‐sized methyl‐substituted benzene and bulky methyl‐substituted pyrene were mainly located inside the crystals instead of on the surface of the crystals, which provided further insight into understanding the deactivation of the SAPO‐34 catalyst during MTO reaction. Significantly, the simple and cost‐effective synthetic process and superb catalytic performance of the nanometer‐sized hierarchical SAPO‐34 is promising for their practical large‐scale application for MTO conversion.
Surface Functional Groups and Electrochemical Behavior in Dimethyl Sulfoxide‐Delaminated Ti3C2Tx MXene
Authors: Qian Aniu , Seo Jung Yong , Shi Hu , Lee Jin Yong , Chung Chan‐Hwa 
Published: September 2018

AbstractFunctional groups in two‐dimensional (2D) Ti3C2Tx MXene are an important factor influencing electrochemical performance in many applications involving energy storage, electrochemical sensors, and water purification. However, after dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) delamination, the effect of surface functionalities in Ti3C2Tx is still unclear and there are no systematic reports on its capacitive behavior. Experiments and theoretical calculations confirm the relationship between different surface functionalities, the DMSO delamination effect, and the electrochemical behavior of the DMSO‐delaminated Ti3C2Tx. The dominant −O and −OH terminations are attributed for surfaces delaminated by using HF [Ti3C2Tx (HF)] and LiF/HCl [Ti3C2Tx (LiF/HCl)], respectively. Theoretical results are also in agreement with experimental results in that −OH terminations are essential for the formation of a free‐standing film. Compared to non‐delaminated Ti3C2Tx (HF) (similar O/F ratios of 1.37 and 1.42), there is a significant DMSO delamination effect for Ti3C2Tx (LiF/HCl) because of different O/F ratios of 2.9 and 3.6. Additionally, the delaminated Ti3C2Tx (LiF/HCl) electrodes deliver a higher capacitance of 508 F cm−3 than that of 333 F cm−3 for the delaminated Ti3C2Tx (HF), although it exhibited lower equivalent series resistance, lower interlayer spacing, and slightly lower specific surface area. This study provides direct and systematic experimental evidence for different functional groups in Ti3C2Tx MXene based on the DMSO delamination effect.
Template‐Directed Growth of Bimetallic Prussian Blue‐Analogue Nanosheet Arrays and Their Derived Porous Metal Oxides for Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Cao Li‐Ming , Hu Yu‐Wen , Zhong Di‐Chang , Lu Tong‐Bu 
Published: September 2018

AbstractCoordination polymers (CPs) are ideal precursors for synthesizing porous catalysts. However, the direct thermolysis of CPs is prone to generate agglomerates, greatly reducing the electrical conductivity and active sites of their derived catalysts. The construction of well‐ordered CP nanostructures is a promising strategy for alleviating the above issue, but it remains challenging. Here, a facile chemical etching approach is developed for the fabrication of well‐aligned three‐dimensional (3D) bimetallic Prussian blue‐analogue nanosheet arrays. Impressively, the derived porous metal oxide (Fe–NiO) acts as a remarkable oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalyst, which merely requires overpotentials as low as 218 and 270 mV to achieve 10 and 100 mA cm−2 in 1.0 m KOH aqueous solution, respectively. The excellent electrocatalytic performance of Fe–NiO is ascribed to the 3D porous nanosheet array architecture, which endows the bimetallic catalyst with abundant electrocatalytic active sites, enhanced surface permeability, and high electronic conductivity. It is expected that the proposed strategy can pave a new way for fabricating highly efficient electrocatalysts for energy storage and conversion.
Predictors of rehospitalization after percutaneous edge‐to‐edge mitral valve repair by MitraClip implantation
Authors: Keßler Mirjam , Seeger Julia , Muche Rainer , Wöhrle Jochen , Rottbauer Wolfgang , Markovic Sinisa 
Published: September 2018

BackgroundIn patients at increased surgical risk, transcatheter edge‐to‐edge mitral valve repair by MitraClip implantation for severe mitral regurgitation (MR) has proven to relieve symptoms of MR, reduce New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class and improve quality of life. Rehospitalization for decompensated heart failure occurs frequently after MitraClip implantation, negatively impacting quality of life. We aimed here to determine predictors of 1‐year rehospitalization for decompensated heart failure.Methods and resultsA total of 355 consecutive patients who underwent MitraClip implantation at our centre were evaluated for their baseline and procedural characteristics, peri‐procedural outcome and clinical endpoints. Rate of rehospitalization for decompensated heart failure was reduced from 52.7% (n = 187) in the year before MitraClip procedure to 18.0% (n = 64) (P < 0.0001) in the first year after MitraClip implantation. The mean duration until rehospitalization was 117 days after MitraClip implantation. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis identified baseline left ventricular ejection fraction (P = 0.020), baseline troponin T (P = 0.003) and pre‐procedural NYHA class (P = 0.020) as independent predictors for 1‐year rehospitalization after MitraClip implantation. Rehospitalization correlated significantly with all‐cause mortality (odds ratio 2.3, 95% confidence interval 1.3–4.1; P = 0.004) and cardiovascular mortality (odds ratio 3.3, 95% confidence interval 1.7–6.1; P = 0.0003).ConclusionAfter MitraClip implantation, annual rate of rehospitalization for decompensated heart failure was reduced by 65.8%. Baseline left ventricular ejection fraction, baseline troponin T and pre‐procedural NYHA functional class are independent predictors for rehospitalization within the first year after MitraClip implantation. Patients readmitted for decompensated heart failure after MitraClip implantation had a 2.3‐fold increased risk of all‐cause mortality and a 3.3‐fold increased risk of cardiovascular mortality compared to patients not requiring rehospitalization.
The association of serum leptin levels with food addiction is moderated by weight status in adolescent psychiatric inpatients
Authors: Peters Triinu , Antel Jochen , Föcker Manuel , Esber Simon , Hinney Anke , Schéle Erik , Dickson Suzanne L. , Albayrak Özgür , Hebebrand Johannes 
Published: September 2018

AbstractLeptin is essential for the control of energy homeostasis and eating behaviour. We investigated potential associations between serum leptin levels and food addiction in adolescent psychiatric inpatients (n = 228). The most frequent psychiatric diagnoses were mood disorders, anxiety disorders, and substance use disorders. More than three quarters of the study group suffered from more than one psychiatric disorder. Food addiction was assessed with the Yale Food Addiction Scale. Leptin was determined in serum. Analyses were conducted for the whole body weight range and for distinct weight categories to evaluate a potential impact of known nonlinearity between leptin levels and satiety due to leptin resistance in obese. A weak negative association between food addiction and leptin in normal weight patients (ß = −0.11, p = .022) was detected. In contrast, food addiction was associated with a significantly higher serum leptin (ß = 0.16. p = .038) in overweight patients. Food addiction in normal weight patients might be associated with restrained eating, previously shown to involve reduced leptin levels. The small positive association of food addiction with higher serum leptin in overweight patients might reflect leptin resistance and overeating.
Mycotoxin‐assisted mitochondrial dysfunction and cytotoxicity: Unexploited tools against proliferative disorders
Authors: Islam Muhammad Torequl , Mishra Siddhartha Kumar , Tripathi Swati , de Alencar Marcus Vinícius Oliveira Barros , e Sousa João Marcelo de Castro , Rolim Hercília Maria Lins , de Medeiros Maria das Graças Freire , Ferreira Paulo Michel Pinheiro , Rouf Razina , Uddin Shaikh Jamal , Mubarak Mohammad Suleiman , Melo‐Cavalcante Ana Amélia de Carvalho 
Published: September 2018

AbstractMitochondria are the powerhouse of cells, which upon dysfunctions may lead to several diseases. Mycotoxins are the toxic secondary metabolites from fungi which are capable of causing diseases and death in humans and animals. They have a versatile mechanism of action in biological systems and can be used as lead compounds to treat some diseases including cancer. The present work encompasses analysis on the effects of mycotoxins on mitochondrial dysfunction. Electronic databases such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were thoroughly searched for up‐to‐date published information associated with those mycotoxins and their effect on mitochondrial dysfunction. Findings suggest that mycotoxins such as citrinin, aflatoxin, and T‐2 toxin exert multi‐edged sword‐like effects in test systems causing mitochondrial dysfunction. Mycotoxins can induce oxidative stress even at low concentration/dose that may be one of the major causes of mitochondrial dysfunction. On the other hand, activation of apoptotic caspases and other proteins by mycotoxins may lead to apoptotic cell death. Thus, mycotoxins‐mediated mitochondrial dysfunction may be related to several chronic diseases which also makes these mycotoxins considerable as lead compounds for inducing toxic effects in cells. Their cytotoxic effects on cancer cells suggest their possible application as chemotherapeutic tools. © 2018 IUBMB Life, 70(11):1084–1092, 2018