bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Musical Mourning Rituals in Sicily. By Sergio Bonanzinga. Translated by Giacomo Valentini.
Authors: Bonanzinga Sergio , Valentini Giacomo 
Published: July 2019

This article surveys various vocal and instrumental performances (chants, laments, calls, sounds of church bells and drums, band music) connected to the ritual celebration and commemoration of the dead that are still characterized in Sicily by a manifest syncretism between Christian Church rules and folk customs and beliefs. These “sounds of mourning” are examined in terms of both their musical aspects and their social and symbolic functions, with special attention given to the changing dynamics between the present day and the recent past. The focus also extends to include celebrations in which “fictitious funerals” are performed, such as those for Christ during the Easter procession and for Nannu (“Grandpa”) in Carnival ceremonies.
Citation: Bonanzinga, Sergio.Musical Mourning Rituals in Sicily. Translated by Giacomo Valentini. Ethnomusicology Translations, no. 5. Bloomington, IN: Society for Ethnomusicology, 2017.
Originally published in Italian as “Riti musicali del cordoglio in Sicilia,” Archivio Antropologico Mediterraneo 17, no. 16, 1 (2014): 113-156. Online at https://www.academia.edu/7954331/Riti_musicali_del_cordoglio.
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Instrumental Variable Estimation with the R Package ivtools
Authors: Sjolander Arvid , Martinussen Torben 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Instrumental variables is a popular method in epidemiology and related fields, to estimate causal effects in the presence of unmeasured confounding. Traditionally, instrumental variable analyses have been confined to linear models, in which the causal parameter of interest is typically estimated with two-stage least squares. Recently, the methodology has been extended in several directions, including two-stage estimation and so-called G-estimation in nonlinear (e. g. logistic and Cox proportional hazards) models. This paper presents a new R package, ivtools, which implements many of these new instrumental variable methods. We briefly review the theory of two-stage estimation and G-estimation, and illustrate the functionality of the ivtools package by analyzing publicly available data from a cohort study on vitamin D and mortality.
The problem of determining the one-dimensional kernel of viscoelasticity equation with a source of explosive type
Authors: Durdiev Durdimurod Kalandarovich , Totieva Zhanna Dmitrievna 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The integro-differential system of viscoelasticity equations with a source of explosive type is considered.
It is assumed that the coefficients of the equations depend only on one spatial variable.
The problem of determining the kernel included in the integral terms of the equations is studied. The solution of the problem is reduced to one inverse problem for scalar hyperbolic equations.
This inverse problem is replaced by an equivalent system of integral equations for unknown functions.
The principle of constricted mapping in the space of continuous functions with weighted norms to the latter is applied.
The theorem of global unique solvability is proved and the stability estimate of solution to the inverse problem is obtained.
Visual Analysis of Cylindrically Polarized Light Beams’ Focal Characteristics by Path Integral
Authors: Yue Cheng-feng , Wu Yong-bo , Tang Zhi-lie 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
To analyze the focal characteristics of cylindrically polarized beams, a visual analysis method is proposed. As known, the focal field can be described by three mutually perpendicular components, each one is the total contribution of all parts of the incident beams. For each component of all contributing parts weapply path integral method, then from the path integral curves extract focal field properties immediately, such as polarization state or intensity distribution. The analysis process of PI is visual and more understandable, and has more powerful information extraction function, which is also helpful for the design of special filtering pupil.
Operator-Induced Variability Caused by Hand Mixing of Cement Paste—Effects on Fresh and Hardened Properties
Authors: Hosseinzadeh Nima , Kosar Katelyn , Ramanthan Sivakumar , Suraneni Prannoy 
Published: July 2019

AbstractLaboratories typically adapt ASTM C305-14, Standard Practice for Mechanical Mixing of Hydraulic Cement Pastes and Mortars of Plastic Consistency, ASTM C1738-19, Standard Practice for High-Shear Mixing of Hydraulic Cement Pastes, and other standardized mixing methods to prepare cement paste and mortar specimens for testing. Hand mixing is adapted when small amounts of material are available (for example, pure phases) or necessary for testing (for example, isothermal calorimetry testing). Although a majority of past research has focused on studying the dependence of cement paste rheology on mixing, relatively fewer studies have focused on hydration and hardened properties of cement pastes. In this study, fresh and hardened cement paste properties were tested at two water-to-cement ratios (w/c): 0.36 and 0.45. The following tests were performed: flow test, set time, isothermal calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), apparent density, and entrapped air. Results from hand mixing were compared to those from mechanical mixing (ASTM C305-14). Operator-induced variability that was due to hand mixing was assessed by comparing results obtained by three operators. Data were quantitatively evaluated using the coefficient of variation (CV) values for hand-mixing results, and the percentage difference (PD) between the mechanical mixing result and the average hand-mixing result. For most results from the tests conducted, CV and PD were below 5 %, and hence, they may be considered insignificant. A few measured parameters (certain flow diameters, set times, peak heat time) showed CV and PD values ranging from 5 to 10 % and could be potentially significant. The highest values of CV and PD were found for entrapped air, likely because values of entrapped air were low. These results suggest that for carrying out certain tests on cement pastes in the lab such as isothermal calorimetry and TGA, hand mixing could potentially be used instead of ASTM C305-14 without altering results.
INOVASI PENYALURAN DANA ZAKAT PADA PROGRAM PEMBERDAYAAN DI LEMBAGA AMIL ZAKAT
Authors: Setiawan Iwan 
Published: July 2019

Abstract: Zakat is intended to empowering the mustahik and improving their living standard. For this reason, the Islamic economic system through zakat is believed as one of solution to overcome social gap and inequalities. Qualitative descriptive research is used to reveal Zakat Law Number 23 of 2011 drafting as Law Number 38 of 1999 replacement; and al-Maqashid al-Shari'ah as analysis approach. The high poverty rate, the great potential of zakat, and the responsibility of the State promote the “productive zakat” in form of scholarships, venture capital, and other forms are inevitably, while distributing the fund to the eight asnaf as stated in Al Qur'an Surah At-Taubah verse 60.Abstrak: Sistem ekonomi Islam melalui zakat merupakan solusi untuk menanggulangi kesen­jangan sosial yang akan berakibat pada kecemburuan sosial, konflik sosial, bahkan sampai revolusi sosial. Pengelolaan zakat yang baik mendistribusikan dana zakat tidak bersifat konsumtif tetapi secara produktif baik dimensi ekonomi, pendidikan, bahkan sarana sosial lainnya sehingga mustahik mampu mengembangkan dana zakat yang diteri­­ma guna meningkatkan taraf kehidupannya. Penelitian deskriptif kualitatif diguna­kan untuk mengungkapkan kejadian atau fakta proses pembuatan undang-undang nomor 23 tahun 2011 sebagai perubahan dari undang-undang nomor 38 tahun 1999. Sedangkan untuk menganalisis digunakan pendekatan al-Maqashid al-Syari’ah. Angka kemiskinan yang tinggi dan potensi zakat yang besar serta tanggungjawab Negara dalam hal itu menjadikan pengelolaan zakat secara produktif seperti dalam bentuk beasiswa, permodalan, pemberian alat-alat produksi dan sebagainya adalah hal yang niscaya dengan tetap mendistribusikannya tidak keluar dari delapan asnaf yang tertuang dalam Al-quran surat At-Taubah ayat 60.
DISTRIBUSI UKURAN IKAN MADIDIHANG, CAKALANG DAN LAYANG YANG TERTANGKAP DENGAN PUKAT CINCIN DI PERAIRAN PACITAN JAWA TIMUR
Authors: Yusuf Helman Nur , Wahju Ronny Irawan , Iskandar Budhi HS , Soeboer Deni A. 
Published: July 2019

Ikan pelagis yang tertangkap pukat cincin dengan ukuran mata jaring 3,81 cm dan 4,46 cm memperlihatkan sebaran dan ukuran jenis ikan yang berbeda. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kedalaman renang dan sebaran ukuran ikan madidihang, cakalang dan layang yang tertangkap pukat cincin di perairan Pacitan. Penelitian dilakukan selama 2 trip pada bulan Oktober dan Desember 2013. Analisa data yang digunakan adalah selektivitas celah pelolosan pada pukat cincin mengunakan model Holt. Hasil penelitian diperoleh rata-rata ikan yang tertangkap pada ukuran mata jaring 3,81 cm sebesar 33,74 untuk ikan madidihang 33,74 cm, cakalang 49,5 cm dan layang 23,5 cm. Sedangkan pada ukuran mata jaring 4,46 cm untuk madidihang 37,34 cm, cakalang 52 cm dan layang 29,5 cm. persamaan regresi antara ikan madidihang Y =0,697x – 2,477 nilai ã2 = 0,933, ikan cakalang = 0,611x – 2,758 nilai ã2 = 0,922 dan ikan layang Y = 1,358x – 4,241 nilai ã2 = 0,954. Terdapat selektivitas optimum yang berbeda pada ukuran mata jaring 3,81 cm dan 4,36 cm yang tertangkap.
Genel Hatlarıyla Endülüs Arap Edebiyatı
Authors: KAHYAOĞLU Yasin , MISIR Fatma Zehra 
Published: July 2019

Arapların Endülüs olarak adlandırdıkları bugünkü İspanya,
Müslümanların yaptıkları İslam fetihlerinden sonra onların hâkimiyetlerine
geçmiş ve 8 asır boyunca İslam beldesi olarak hüküm sürmüştür. Orada yaşayan
Müslüman ve Gayr-ı Müslim halkın farklı alanlardaki çalışmaları ve çabaları
sonucu Endülüs, parlak bir medeniyetin
doğmasında büyük bir rol üstlenmiş; dil, edebiyat, kültür, eğitim, bilim ve sanatta kendine özgü bir
yorum geliştirmiştir. Endülüs, toprakları üzerinde Arapça, İspanyolca,
Berberice, Portekizce, Fransızca,
Katalanca, Latince gibi farklı dilleri barındıran müşterek kültürün var olduğu
toplumsal bir ortam olmuştur. Endülüs'ün kendine has şiir türlerinin olması
Arap edebiyatına büyük katkılar sağlamış, oradaki bilginlerin nesir (düz yazı) türüne
yaptıkları yeniliklerle ise de Arap nesrinde büyük bir gelişme
kaydedilmiştir. Böylece Endülüs’te özgün
bir Arap edebiyatı var olmuştur. Buna paralel olarak ise Endülüs'te Arap
dilinin, Arap gramerinin oluşum süreci, Endülüs dil ve Arap dil okullarının
kurulması, Endülüs Arap Edebiyatının
oluşum sürecinin gelişmesine katkı sağlamıştır. Bu makalede Endülüs'ün
tarihinden, Endülüs edebiyatından,
Endülüs'te Arap edebiyatının doğuşu ve geçirdiği evreler hakkında bilgi
verilecektir.
Evaluation of opioid sparing effect of dexmedetomidine and pregabalin using acute pain model in male wistar rats
Authors: R. Sudar Codi , . Sumina , N. Uma , K. Manimekalai 
Published: July 2019

Background: Adjuvant analgesics are added to pain management regimen to reduce opioid consumption and minimise their side effect. Newer ones like dexmedetomidine and pregabalin have not been thoroughly researched. Objectives of the study to study the opioid sparing effect of dexmedetomidine and pregabalin using tail flick and hot plate method in male wistar rats.Methods: Forty two rats were grouped into seven groups with six in each group. Analgesic activity was tested using tail flick, where in the reaction time to flick its tail on a heated surface was noted. In the hot plate method, the reaction time to withdraw or lick the paws when placed on heated surface was noted.Results: The reaction time to flick its tail was prolonged with dexmedetomidine and pregabalin when combined with opioids even in sub therapeutic doses.Conclusion: Adjuncts like dexmedetomidine and pregabalin can be very useful in mutimodal pain management and also to reduce the opioid consumption.
Increasing the Use of Hearing Protection Devices by Delegating the Right to the Workers
Authors: Mahdavi Faranak , Monazzam Mohammad Reza , Zakerian Seyed Abolfazl , Meshkani Mohsen 
Published: July 2019

Background: Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) is one of the most common but absolutely preventable occupational diseases. One of the measures to prevent and control noise's harmful effects in the workplaces is the use of hearing protection devices (HPDs) that workers do not often accept to use or do not use throughout the entire work shift. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of delegating the right to choose HPD to workers on the increase of the duration of using them. Methods: This interventional study was conducted on 60 male workers divided into two groups, intervention (n: 30) and control (n: 30), who were exposed to non-permissible sound levels during sampling. A questionnaire including BASNEF constructs was completed by both groups in two stages, ie, before intervention and 3 months after completion of the intervention delegating the right to choose HPD to workers. Durations of using HPD were recorded in two stages in intervention and control groups and compared. Data analysis was conducted by SPSS 22. Results: In intervention group, the number of workers who used HPDs full time was 0 (0%) before intervention and 16 (53.33%) after intervention. The duration of using HPDs significantly increased after intervention in intervention group than in control group. Conclusion: The intervention based on providing HPDs that are appropriate for the needs and wishes of workers and available as well as promoting their use in the work environment can persuade them to use such devices continuously.
EFL Students’ Perspectives on Effective Lecturer
Authors: Basri Juliana 
Published: July 2019

Student’s perspective is an essential factor in evaluating lecturers and has an impact on the efficacy of the instructional environment. The purpose of this study was to know EFL students’ perception on effective lecturer. The study employed mixed method research. By implementing convenience sampling technique, 100 students in one state university in Palembang, South Sumatera, Indonesia were involved as participants in this research. The questionnaire and interview were used to collect the data and the descriptive analysis in the form of percentages was used to analyze the data. The result of questionnaire revealed that instrument which contained 42 items with seven response categories on rapport (26,2%), delivery (40,5%), fairness (11,9%), knowledge and credibility (7,2%), and organization and preparation (14,3%) were perceived very good by the students. It was supported by the result of interview that students were perceived very good to all aspects of effective lecturer, but there were some lecturers who were not. Finally, it was believed that this study could be useful and beneficial to the lecturers as a yardstick to understand themselves better and students’ needs in learning process.
An Analysis of Politeness Strategies of Disagreement: The Case of Students of English Education Study Program in one State Islamic University in Sumatera, Indonesia
Authors: Windika Witria 
Published: July 2019

The pupoposes of this study were (1) to find out the realizations of politeness strategies of disagreement by the sixth semester students of English Education students of Islamic State University in Sumatera, and (2) to figure out the most common types of politeness strategy used by them. The study employed qualitative research. The data were taken through a written test and Discourse Completion Test (DCT). The sample was taken by using cluster random sampling method which consisted of 12 male students and 12 female students. The study revealed that female and male English language learners experienced four types of politeness strategy: positive politeness, negative politeness, bald-on-record politeness, and off-record politeness with negative politeness as the most frequent strategy used by female and male English language learners. The result of the study showed that negative politeness was dominant politeness strategy which had value of 63,33%. The second place was bald-on-record (23,33%), the third place was positive politeness (11,67%), and the last one was off-record (1,67%). The conclusion of this study indicated that in expressing politeness strategy for disagreement, both female and male respondents tended to perform negative politeness strategy.
Peran Anak Sebagai Pemicu Terjadinya Tindak Pidana Persetubuhan
Authors: Prasetyo Akhmad Heru 
Published: July 2019

Masalah korban adalah masalah manusia maka sudah sewajarnya apabila kita berpegang pada pandangan yang tepat mengenai manusia serta eksistensinya. Tidak ada seorangpun yang secara normal menghendaki dirinya dijadikan korban, sasaran ataupun obyek dari kejahatan. Tetapi, dari sisi korban, karena keadaan yang ada pada korban atau karena sikap dan perilakunyalah yang membuat pelaku terangsang untuk menjalankan niat jahatnya. Mereka yang dipandang lemah, baik dari sisi fisik, mental, sosial atau hukum relatif lebih memancing pelaku untuk melaksanakan kejahatannya. Tentu saja dengan melihat serta memahami pengertian serta penempatan posisi korban dengan semestinya maka, akan menghindari pemahaman-pemahaman yang keliru terhadap korban oleh masyarakat, maupun alat-alat penegak hukum serta lembaga pengadilan secara kusus.Korban dalam putusan Pengadilan Negeri Nganjuk Nomor 285/Pid.Sus/2016/PN.Njk termasuk kedalam jenis korban Provocative victims, yaitu mereka yang menimbulkan rangsangan terjadinya kejahatan. Jenis korban semacam ini merupakan korban yang aktif dan memberikan kesempatan kepada orang lain untuk melakukan kejahatan. Ironisnya dalam putusan Pengadilan Negeri Nganjuk Nomor 285/Pid.Sus/2016/PN.Njk., Majelis Hakim sama sekali tidak mempertimbangkan jenis korban dan peran dari korban sehingga terjadi tindak pidana. Sedangkan dalam Putusan Nomor: 91/Pid.Sus/2018/PN.NJK. termasuk kedalam jenis korban Biologically week victims, yaitu mereka yang secara fisik memiliki kelemahan yang menyebabkan ia menjadi korban. Berdasarkan duduk perkara sebagaimana putusan Nomor: 91/Pid.Sus/2018/PN.NJK. korban sudah berusaha menolak ajakan terdakwa, tetapi karena korban tidak berdaya karena kelemahan fisiknya sebagai seorang perempuan, akhirnya terdakwa dengan leluasa melakukan tindak pidana persetubuhan.
Threshold Effect of Capital Structure on Firm Value
Authors: Cuong Nguyen Thanh 
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether there is an optimal capital structure at which point firm is able to maximize its value. The author employ an advanced panel threshold regression estimation developed in 1999 by Hansen that will indicate whether there are positive and negative impacts of capital structure on firm value. The author has used data of among 90 unlisted Seafood Processing Enterprises in the South Central region of Vietnam (SEASCRs) during 2005–2011 period. The author has used book value of equity plus long- term debt (BVE) and return on equity (ROE) as surrogate for firm value and book value of total debt to total assets (TD/TA) as surrogate for capital structure and as the threshold variable.
The empirical results strongly indicate that triple threshold effect exists between debt ratio and firm value when BVE is selected to proxy firm value. However, when ROE is selected to proxy firm value, the result shows that there exists double thresholds effect between debt ratio and firm value. From these results, the author may conclude that the relationship between capital structure and firm value has a nonlinear relationship represents an convex Parapol shape. In addition, the findings suggest implications for SEASCRs on flexible usage of financial leverage. Specifically, SEASCRs should not use loans over 57.39%. To ensure and enhance the firm value, the scope of the optimal debt ratio should be less than 57.39%.
NOR- bearing as a plesiomorphic characteristic in Mimus saturninus (Passeriformes Mimidae)
Authors: Kretschmer Rafael , Lima Vanusa Lilian , Degrandi Tiago Marafiga , Vinadé Lucia , Schünemann Adriano Luis , Garnero Analía Del Valle , Gunski Ricardo José 
Published: July 2019

The order Passeriformes is the largest group of species karyotyped among birds, however little is known about the cytogenetic of the Mimidae family, registering only karyology basic data (giemsa staining). The aim of this study was to analyze the chromosomal complement from the species Mimus saturninus by conventional staining and differential chromosome banding. Diploid number and chromosome morphology were determined, as well as the distribution pattern of constitutive heterochromatin (CBG-banding), GTG-banding andAgNOR staining (NORs). The Chalk-browed Mockingbird has 2n=80. The first and fourth pairs are submetacentric and the second, third and fifth are acrocentric. The remaining chromosomes pairs of the complement have telocentric morphology. The Z chromosome is submetacentric and the W is metacentric. CBG-banding showed positive staining in the pericentromeric region of most macrochromosomes and microchromosomes and also at Z chromosome, differently from W chromosome which appeared totally heterochromatic. The GTG-banding was similar to Gallus gallus and in other species which have already been GTG-banded. The NORs were identified in a pair of microchromosomes characterized by presenting a remarkable secondary constriction. This can be considered as a plesiomorphic characteristic for M. saturninus once baseline groups (Paleognathae) also showed a pair of microchromosomes bearing NORs.
Pertumbuhan Chlorella sp. Pada Beberapa Kombinasi Media Kultur
Authors: Boroh Rimba , Litaay Magdalena , Umar Muh Ruslan , Ambeng Ambeng 
Published: July 2019

Penelitian tentang pengaruh beberapa perlakuan kombinasi antara media kultur organik berupa vermikompos cair dan media kultur anorganik berupa walne terhadap pertumbuhan Chlorella sp. telah dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan kombinasi media kultur yang terbaik dalam merangsang peningkatan pertumbuhan populasi Chlorella sp.. Jenis penelitian ini adalah eksperimen menggunakan desain percobaan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan kombinasi perlakuan faktorial 5 x 5 x 2 (5 konsentrasi perlakuan Medium Walne, 5 konsentrasi perlakuan vermikompos, masing-masing 2 kali ulangan). Chlorella dikultur selama 10 hari. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis Univariate Analysis of Variance. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan kombinasi media kultur yang berbeda tidak berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan Chlorella sp. dan diperoleh kepadatan rata - rata populasi tertinggi, yaitu perlakuan V4W4 pada hari ke-9 dengan jumlah kepadatan populasi 19.530 x 104 sel/ml dan nilai laju pertumbuhan sebesar 1,8 /hari. Hasil uji UNIANOVA menunjukkan tidak adanya pengaruh yang nyata terhadap pertumbuhan Chlorella sp.Kata Kunci : Vermikompos. Chlorella sp., Walne, Kultur, Kombinasi.