bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Enzyme‐Mediated Amplification Strategy Enables Detection of β‐Lactamase Activity Directly in Unprocessed Clinical Samples for Phenotypic Detection of β‐Lactam Resistance
Authors: deBoer Tara R. , Tarlton Nicole J. , Yamaji Reina , Adams‐Sapper Sheila , Wu Tiffany Z. , Maity Santanu , Vesgesna Giri K. , Sadlowski Corinne M. , DePaola Peter , Riley Lee W. , Murthy Niren 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBiochemical assays that can identify β‐lactamase activity directly from patient samples have the potential to significantly improve the treatment of bacterial infections. However, current β‐lactamase probes do not have the sensitivity needed to measure β‐lactam resistance directly from patient samples. Here, we report the development of an instrument‐free signal amplification technology, DETECT, that connects the activity of two enzymes in series to effectively amplify the activity of β‐lactamase 40 000‐fold, compared to the standard β‐lactamase probe nitrocefin.
RETRACTED: Lack of microRNA‐155 ameliorates renal fibrosis by targeting PDE3A/TGF‐β1/Smad signaling in mice with obstructive nephropathy
Authors: Xi Weiwei , Zhao Xuming , Wu Meijun , Jia Wenjuan , Li Hua 
Published: August 2018

AbstractAlthough microRNA‐155 (miR‐155) is implicated in the pathogenesis of several fibrotic diseases, information regarding its functional role in renal fibrosis is limited. The current study aims to investigate the effects of miR‐155 on renal fibrosis in unilateral ureteral occlusion (UUO) mice. MiR‐155 level was significantly increased in renal tissues of UUO mice and TGF‐β1‐treated HK2 cells. Masson's trichrome staining showed that delivery of adeno‐associated virus encoding miR‐155 inhibitor led to a decrease in renal fibrosis induced by UUO. The increased expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1, collagen III and collagen IV was also inhibited after miR‐155 inhibition. In addition, miR‐155 knockdown also prevented TGF‐β1‐induced epithelial–mesenchymal transition, concomitantly with a restoration of E‐cadherin expression and a decrease of vimentin expression. Computational analysis revealed that miR‐155 directly targets at 3′UTR of PDE3A. Overexpression of miR‐155 suppressed the luciferase activity and protein expression of PDE3A, whereas inhibition of miR‐155 increased PDE3A luciferase activity and expression. Furthermore, miR‐155 inhibited TGF‐β1‐induced the increase of TGF‐β1 expression and Smad‐2/3 phosphorylation in HK2 cells. In contrast, knockdown of PDE3A reversed the effect of miR‐155 inhibition on TGF‐β1 expression. This study demonstrates that knockdown of miR‐155 attenuates renal fibrosis via inhibiting TGF‐β1/Smad signaling activation by targeting the upstream molecule PDE3A. This study suggests that miR‐155 inhibition may be a novel therapeutic approach for preventing fibrotic kidney diseases.
Is the S.M.A.R.T® stent the smart option to treat femoropopliteal disease?
Authors: Patel Nachiket J. , Heuser Richard R. 
Published: August 2018

KEY POINTS

The femoropopliteal (FP) artery is a common site for endovascular interventions.
S.M.A.R.T.® stent is effective in treating FP lesions with results comparable to other treatment options.
Without head‐to‐head randomized controlled trials, the ideal treatment strategy for FP lesions remains unknown.
PFO closure: Where are the neurologists?
Authors: Blankenship James C 
Published: August 2018

Key Points

A meta‐analysis of five randomized controlled trials of closure of patent foramen ovale (PFO) versus medical therapy to prevent recurrent stroke shows a statistically significant absolute 2% decrease in recurrent stroke but no difference in death.
Patients treated with PFO closure have an absolute 2% increase in the risk of atrial fibrillation, usually transient, after the procedure, as well as increased risk of procedural complications, which are usually minor.
Guidelines on PFO closure were written before most data in this meta‐analysis were available. Those guidelines are now outdated.
Propensity matched comparison of in‐hospital outcomes of TAVR vs. SAVR in patients with previous history of CABG: Insights from the Nationwide inpatient sample
Authors: Nalluri Nikhil , Atti Varunsiri , Patel Nileshkumar J. , Kumar Varun , Arora Shilpkumar , Nalluri Sreeram , Nelluri Bhargava Krishna , Maniatis Gregory A. , Kandov Ruben , Kliger Chad 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe incidence of patients with previous history of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) presenting for aortic valvular replacement has been consistently on the rise. Repeat sternotomy for surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) carries an inherent risk of morbidity and mortality when compared to Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR).MethodsThe Nationwide inpatient sample (NIS) from 2012 to 2014 was queried using the International Classification of Diseases‐Ninth edition, Clinical Modification (ICD‐9‐CM) codes to identify all patients ≥ 18 years with prior CABG who underwent TAVR (35.05 and 35.06) or SAVR (35.21 and 35.22). Propensity score matching (1:1) was performed and in‐hospital outcomes were compared between matched cohorts.ResultsFrom 2012 to 2014, there was progressive increase in the annual number of TAVR procedures from 1485 to 4020, with a decrease in patients undergoing SAVR from 2330 to 1955 (Ptrend < 0.0001) in the above population. There was no significant difference in in‐hospital mortality rates. Compared to SAVR, TAVR was associated with lower risk of stroke (1.2% vs. 3.3%, P = 0.009), AKI (12.9% vs. 21.3%, P < 0.0001), myocardial infarction (0.9% vs. 2.7%, P = 0.01) and major bleeding (9.1% vs. 25.1%, P < 0.0001). TAVR was associated with higher risk of pacemaker implants (9.6% vs. 4.9%, P = 0.001) and trend toward lower risk of vascular complications (2.3% vs. 4.1%, P = 0.05).ConclusionIn this large cohort of patients with previous CABG, there is no significant difference in in‐hospital mortality between TAVR and SAVR. TAVR was associated with lower risk of in‐hospital outcomes.
Effect of saline administration on left atrial pressure during transcatheter mitral valve repair
Authors: Lloyd James W. , Reeder Guy S. , Rihal Charanjit S. , Eleid Mackram F. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractObjectivesTo measure the intraprocedural change in left atrial pressure (LAP) with saline administration during transcatheter mitral valve repair (TMVR).BackgroundTMVR with MitraClip offers an alternative to surgery in select patients. During this procedure, large volumes of fluid are routinely administered with anesthesia and to facilitate transcatheter valve repair. LAP, a measure used to guide repair, may thereby change as a result of volume expansion, suggesting a need for continuous intracardiac pressure monitoring.MethodsConsecutive patients with severe mitral regurgitation underwent TMVR with MitraClip and continuous LAP monitoring through a dedicated sampling catheter. Specific LAP values were acquired immediately after transseptal access; before first clip deployment; and after deployment of the last clip.Results151 patients (age 80 ± 8 years, 64% male) underwent TMVR with MitraClip and continuous LAP monitoring. Mean LAP and v‐wave pressure increased significantly from baseline to pre‐MitraClip deployment (P < 0.0001) and decreased significantly from deployment to procedure end (P < 0.0001). Linear regression of v‐wave pressure change (from procedure start to clip deployment) relative to volume administration yielded a significantly nonzero slope (0.28 mmHg/min, P < 0.0001, r = 0.30).ConclusionFluid administration during TMVR leads to time‐dependent increases in LAP. Such intraprocedural change underscores the need for targeted, if not continuous, LAP measurement during TMVR to optimize MitraClip placement and mitral regurgitation reduction.
Fabrication of One Dimensional MnO2‐TiO2 Nano‐Heterostructures for Enhanced Hole Mediated Oxidation of As(III) in Potable Water
Authors: Sarkar Arpan , Sarkar Ayan , Paul Biswajit , Khan Gobinda Gopal 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe conversion of the toxic As(III) from drinking water is a challenging task and it becomes more difficult when As(III) is present in low concentrations (50–200 ppb). Considering this, the present article demonstrates an easy and cost effective wet chemical synthesis of MnO2−TiO2 nanoheterostructures (NHs) and its application as the electrode for the oxidation and subsequent conversion of the comparatively low concentration of As(III) from drinking water. The MnO2−TiO2 NHs have been employed as the anode to enhance the hole mediated fast and effective oxidation and subsequent conversion of As(III) from water under the applied bias of 1 V vs. Ag/AgCl at room temperature (30 °C) with the water pH ∼7 in a three‐electrode electrochemical cell. The nano‐interfacial electronic band engineering at MnO2‐TiO2 heterointerface is found to be very effective to boost the hole mediated oxidation of As(III). The same NHs also exhibit enhanced photo‐electrochemical oxidation of As(III) under the illumination of low‐intensity white light. The photo‐oxidation in assistance with the applied bias has considerably improved the overall conversion efficiency of As(III) to As(V) in water with a treatment time of just five minutes. The study shows that the material and the method described here is an easy and effective strategy for the enhanced preoxidation and subsequent elimination of As(III) from the drinking water with a low arsenic concentration in the typical weather of Indian subcontinent.
In Situ Fabrication of 3D Octahedral g‐C3N4/BiFeWOx Double‐Heterojunction for Highly Selective CO2 Photoreduction to CO Under Visible Light
Authors: Wang Yanan , Zeng Yiqing , Wan Shipeng , Cai Wei , Song Fujiao , Zhang Shule , Zhong Qin 
Published: August 2018

AbstractA series of g‐C3N4/BiFeWOx composites (GN‐x/BFW) with double‐heterojunction composites as photocatalysts for efficient and stable CO2 photoreduction had been rationally designed and synthesized by the facile in situ hydrothermal method. In situ growing BFW on g‐C3N4 sheets achieved that the g‐C3N4 was embedded in the inner of BFW as well as wrapped on the surfaces of BFW. The obtained heterojunction composites greatly inhibited the recommendation of photogenerated electron/hole pairs and enhanced the light respond on the visible light due to the tight chemically bonded interface interaction. Benefiting from the unique structure, the optimized GN‐5.0 %/BFW heterostructure catalyst showed a higher performance of photoreduction CO2 to CO (43 μmol h−1 g−1) than that of pure BFW (5.2 μmol h−1 g−1) and g‐C3N4 (8.9 μmol h−1 g−1) under visible light irradiation at 10 °C. Besides, the GN‐x/BFW composites exhibited outstanding recycling photostability and structural stability. A possible Z‐scheme mechanism was proposed according to the staggered band potentials between g‐C3N4 and BFW and ESR results. Similarly, this facile synthetic method could be employed to fabricate other composites to accelerate the photocatalytic performance.
Esterification of Tertiary Amides by Alcohols Through C−N Bond Cleavage over CeO2
Authors: Toyao Takashi , Nurnobi Rashed Md. , Morita Yoshitsugu , Kamachi Takashi , Hakim Siddiki S. M. A. , Ali Md. A. , Touchy A. S. , Kon Kenichi , Maeno Zen , Yoshizawa Kazunari , Shimizu Ken‐ichi 
Published: August 2018

AbstractCeO2 has been found to promote ester forming alcoholysis reactions of tertiary amides. The present catalytic system is operationally simple, recyclable, and it does not require additives. The esterification process displays a wide substrate scope (>45 examples; up to 93 % isolated yield). Results of a density functional theory (DFT) study combined with in situ FT‐IR observations indicate that the process proceeds through rate limiting addition of a CeO2 lattice oxygen to the carbonyl group of the adsorbed acetamide species with energy barrier of 17.0 kcal/mol. This value matches well with experimental value (17.9 kcal/mol) obtained from analysis of the Arrhenius plot. Further studies by in situ FT‐IR and temperature programmed desorption using probe molecules demonstrate that both acidic and basic properties are important, and consequently, CeO2 showed the best performance for the C−N bond cleavage reaction.
Computational Fluid Dynamics Study of Heat Transfer in Turbulent Fluidized Beds
Authors: Yip Li Xian , Lim Eldin Wee Chuan 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe fluidization and heat transfer behaviors of a turbulent fluidized bed were investigated using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The effects of inlet superficial velocity on heat transfer behaviors in a turbulent fluidized bed were analyzed and compared with those operated in other fluidization regimes. The effects of using particles belonging to different Geldart groups in a turbulent fluidized bed on fluidization and heat transfer behaviors were evaluated. For both fluidization regimes investigated, the solids temperature distribution during the heat transfer process became less uniform when the particle size was reduced.
Hybridization of Binary Non‐Precious‐Metal Nanoparticles with d‐Ti3C2 MXene for Catalyzing the Oxygen Reduction Reaction
Authors: Chen Liangguang , Lin Yingxi , Fu Junying , Xie Jian , Chen Rong , Zhang Haiyan 
Published: August 2018

AbstractIn this work, an advanced integrated electrode for high‐performance electrocatalytic oxygen reduction is designed and fabricated directly by in‐situ hybridization of binary non‐precious metal (Fe−Co) ethylenediamine chelate complexes with multi‐layered d‐Ti3C2 MXene nanoflakes, in the formation of FeCo (3 : 1)‐N‐d‐Ti3C2 MXene. The catalyst exhibits outstanding oxygen reduction reaction activity with more positive onset potential and half‐wave potential than commercial 20 wt.% Pt/C and achieves a current density of 5.60 mA ⋅ cm−2 in O2‐saturated 0.1 M KOH electrolyte solution. Furthermore, remarkable stability and methanol tolerance can be detected. The outstanding activity and stability can be attributed to the fact that the FeCoEDA chelate nanoparticles are successfully grafted onto the d‐Ti3C2 MXene nanoflake substrate instead of being deposited. Thus, aggregation of the particles is prevented and a large specific surface area is provided, enhancing charge transfer reactions. We conclude that the in‐situ hybridization of MXenes with non‐precious metal compounds is a promising candidate for replacing traditional Pt‐based catalyst materials for oxygen reduction in fuel cells.
Radical‐Type Reactivity and Catalysis by Single‐Electron Transfer to or from Redox‐Active Ligands
Authors: van der Vlugt Jarl Ivar 
Published: August 2018

AbstractControlled ligand‐based redox‐activity and chemical non‐innocence are rapidly gaining importance for selective (catalytic) processes. This Concept aims to provide an overview of the progress regarding ligand‐to‐substrate single‐electron transfer as a relatively new mode of operation to exploit ligand‐centered reactivity and catalysis based thereon.
Aqueous Flow Batteries: Research and Development
Authors: Liu Wanqiu , Lu Wenjing , Zhang Huamin , Li Xianfeng 
Published: August 2018

AbstractFlow batteries (FBs) have become a central topic recently, due to their promising prospect of addressing the issues of the random and intermittent nature of renewable energy sources. However, the successful industrialization of current FB systems is still limited by their relatively low energy densities and high cost. Research and development into novel aqueous FB systems with high energy density, high safety, and low cost are accordingly urgently required. Some novel aqueous FB systems have been explored in recent years to overcome issues of traditional FBs and vanadium FBs, in particular. Further modifications have also been made to improve their performance. In this review, appealing novel aqueous FB systems, such as zinc‐ and quinone‐based FB systems, are reviewed, in terms of the operating principles, advantages, drawbacks, corresponding performance, and subsequent modifications. Moreover, recent investigations and advancements, and prospective research directions for novel aqueous FB systems, are summarized. Therefore, this review will provide guidance and perspectives for developing new aqueous FB systems.
Poly‐γ‐p‐Biphenylmethyl‐Glutamate as Enantiodifferentiating Alignment Medium for NMR Spectroscopy with Temperature‐Tunable Properties
Authors: Jeziorowski Sharon , Thiele Christina M. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe use of anisotropic NMR parameters—especially residual dipolar couplings (RDCs)—offers access to additional structural information and, therefore, alignment media required for this approach are under a continuous development. Here, we present poly‐γ‐p‐biphenylmethyl‐glutamate (PBPMG) as a new versatile enantiodifferentiating alignment medium. The thermoresponsive properties of this polymer allowed for RDC measurements of more than one orientation within the same sample at different temperatures. Moreover, the outstanding enantiodifferentiation along with excellent spectral quality even offered the opportunity to differentiate enantiomers in mixtures.
The Halogen Bond: An Emerging Supramolecular Tool in the Design of Functional Mesomorphic Materials
Authors: Wang Hao , Bisoyi Hari Krishna , Urbas Augustine M. , Bunning Timothy J. , Li Quan 
Published: August 2018

AbstractOwing to their dynamic attributes, non‐covalent supramolecular interactions have enabled a new paradigm in the design and fabrication of multifunctional material systems with programmable properties, performances, and reconfigurable traits. Recently, the “halogen bond” has become an enticing supramolecular synthetic tool that displays a plethora of promising and advantageous characteristics. Consequently, this versatile and dynamic non‐covalent interaction has been extensively harnessed in various fields such as crystal engineering, self‐assembly, materials science, polymer chemistry, biochemistry, medicinal chemistry and nanotechnology. In recent years, halogen bonding has emerged as a tunable supramolecular synthetic tool in the design of functional liquid‐crystalline materials with adjustable phases and properties. In this Concept article, the use of halogen bond in the field of stimuli‐responsive smart soft materials, that is, liquid crystals is discussed. The design, synthesis and characterization of molecular and macromolecular liquid crystalline materials are described and the modulation of their properties has been emphasized. The power of halogen bonding in offering a large variety of functional liquid crystalline materials from readily accessible mesomorphic and non‐mesomorphic complementary building blocks is highlighted. The article concludes with a perspective on the challenges and opportunities in this emerging endeavor towards the realization of enabling and elegant dynamic functional materials.
Substituent Effects in the Silylation of Secondary Alcohols: A Mechanistic Study
Authors: Marin‐Luna Marta , Patschinski Pascal , Zipse Hendrik 
Published: August 2018

AbstractRelative rates for the silylation of C4‐substituted 1‐(naphthalen‐1‐yl)ethanol substrates with tert‐butyldimethylsilyl chloride (TBSCl) in CDCl3 catalyzed by 9‐azajulolidine (TCAP) have been measured. Hammett plot analysis of the resulting selectivity data yields two intersecting linear correlations. A small positive slope of ρ=+0.09 is observed for donor‐substituted alcohols, while silylation rates for acceptor‐substituted alcohols correlate best with a slightly larger negative slope (ρ=−0.48). The reaction of methanol with TBSCl catalyzed by 4‐(N,N‐dimethylamino)pyridine (DMAP) has been studied at several different theoretical levels in chloroform solution. Silyl‐group transfer between silylated DMAP and methanol occur over an exceedingly flat surface with barely defined minima and transition states. Reaction pathway calculations for the Lewis base and general base catalyzed mechanisms for reaction of TBSCl with C4‐substituted 1‐(naphthalen‐1‐yl)ethanol compounds predict a close competition of both pathways.
Binding Studies on a Library of Induced‐Fit Synthetic Carbohydrate Receptors with Mannoside Selectivity
Authors: Palanichamy Kalanidhi , Bravo M. Fernando , Shlain Milan A. , Schiro Frank , Naeem Yasir , Marianski Mateusz , Braunschweig Adam B. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractSynthetic carbohydrate receptors could serve as agents for disease detection, drug delivery, or even therapeutics, however, they are rarely used for these applications because they bind weakly and with a preference towards the all‐equatorial glucosides that are not prevalent on the cell surface. Herein the binding of 8 receptors with 5 distinct octyloxy pyranosides, which was measured by mass spectrometry and by1H NMR titrations in CD2Cl2at 298 K, is reported, providing binding affinities that vary from ≈101–104 m−1. Although the receptors are promiscuous,1shows selectivity for β‐Man at a ratio of 103:1 β‐Man:β‐Gal, receptors2–4and6have preference for α‐Man,5is selective for β‐Gal, and10prefers α‐Glc (Man=mannose; Gal=galactose, Glc=glucose). A variety of 1D and 2D NMR, and computational techniques were used to determine the thermodynamic binding parameters (ΔHoand ΔSo) and the structure of the host–guest complex, revealing that dimeric receptor10binds β‐Man with increased enthalpy, but a larger entropic penalty than1. The first‐principles modelling suggests that10⋅β‐Man forms an inclusion‐type complex where the glycan engages both monomeric subunits of10through H‐bonding and C−H⋅⋅⋅π interactions. Like natural glycan‐binding proteins, these receptors bind pyranosides by accessing multivalent and cooperative interactions, and these studies suggest a new approach towards biomimetic synthetic carbohydrate receptors, where conformational flexibility and promiscuity are incorporated into design.
Tuning of High Spin Ground State and Slow Magnetic Relaxation within Trimetallic Cyanide‐Bridged {NiIIxCoII9−x[WV(CN)8]6} and {MnIIxCoII9−x[WV(CN)8]6} Clusters
Authors: Chorazy Szymon , Majcher Anna M. , Kozieł Marcin , Kobylarczyk Jedrzej , Ohkoshi Shin‐ichi , Podgajny Robert 
Published: August 2018

AbstractTwo series of trimetallic {NiIIxCoII9−x[WV(CN)8]6} (NiCoW) and {MnIIxCoII9−x[WV(CN)8]6} (MnCoW) (x=1–8) crystalline solid‐solutions were constructed and systematically studied by SEM EDX, single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction (SC XRD), and magnetic measurements. The atomic Ni:Co:W and Mn:Co:W ratios in the solid state follow the stoichiometric concentration in the mother MeOH solutions fairly well. The structural studies revealed a definite strong tendency of smaller 3d ions to locate in the central [M(μ‐NC)6] moiety of the skeleton: NiII over the CoII and CoII over MnII. In contrast, the external fac‐[M(μ‐NC)3(MeOH)3] are consecutively occupied by the mixture of 3d metal ions, accessible according to the stoichiometry of the mother solutions. The DC magnetic χT(T) and M(H) curves illustrate the continuous tendency of change with x along both series, nicely reproducing the changes of the theoretical high spin in the ground state Sgr, assuming the ferromagnetic HSCoII‐NC‐WV and antiferromagnetic MnII‐NC‐WV interactions established by numerous literature reports. The AC magnetic measurements indicate the occurrence of slow magnetic relaxation, with the highest energy barrier ΔE/kB of 26 K for the Ni6Co3W6 congener and of 17 K for the Mn6Co3W6 congener, and relatively large values of distribution parameter α. The values of ΔE are correlated with possible anisotropy of distribution of fac‐[CoII(μ‐NC)3(MeOH)3] moieties at the external corners of the cube substructure.