bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of increased allochthonous dissolved organic carbon on the growth of planktonic biota in freshwater ecosystems: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Ma Ruijing , Zhong Misha , Rao Qingyang , Su Haojie , Xie Ping 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWater browning, induced by allochthonous dissolved organic carbon (DOC) input, has become a widespread phenomenon in boreal lakes over the past decades. Directly quantifying aquatic organisms' responses to increased DOC concentrations is essential for projecting carbon cycle processes in freshwater ecosystems. In this study, we assessed the impacts of DOC addition on the growth of three freshwater planktonic groups: phytoplankton, zooplankton, and bacteria, and explored potential drivers behind variations in effect size. Background DOC concentrations vary between 0.5 and 25 mg L−1, while total phosphorus concentrations span from 0.0003 to 1.55 mg L−1. Based on a meta‐analysis of 804 observations from 47 publications, we found that DOC addition had a significant positive effect on bacteria, while it had a small but negative impact on both phytoplankton and zooplankton. In different climate zones, DOC addition often stimulated bacterial growth, but it exerted either positive or negative effects on phytoplankton and zooplankton. Additionally, the effect sizes of both phytoplankton and zooplankton showed a significant negative relationship with the magnitude of DOC enrichment, while bacteria exhibited positive responses. Furthermore, the effect sizes of these three taxa correlated negatively with background total phosphorus concentrations and positively with the DOC : total phosphorus ratio. A significant negative correlation between effect size and experimental duration was observed for bacteria. In summary, this synthesis indicates that excessive DOC loading can inevitably inhibit phytoplankton and zooplankton growth. Future studies should focus on the interactions between DOC addition and global change factors to improve forecasts of carbon‐climate feedback in aquatic ecosystems.
Ultrabroadband Light Coupling for Integrated Photonics via Nonadiabatic Pumping
Authors: Liu Weiwei , Li Chijun , Wang Bing , Chai Tianyan , Zheng Lingzhi , Liu Zhuoxiong , Li Xiaohong , Zeng Cheng , Xia Jinsong , Lu Peixiang 
Published: December 2024

AbstractEnlarging bandwidth capacity of the integrated photonic systems demands efficient and broadband light coupling among optical elements, which is a vital issue in integrated photonics. Here, an ultrabroadband light coupling strategy based on nonadiabatic pumping is developed, and the designs in thin‐film lithium niobate on insulator platform are experimentally demonstrated. It is found that nonadiabatic transition produces a decreased dispersion of the phases related to eigenstates in the waveguides. As a consequence, high‐efficiency and dispersionless directional transfer are realized between edge states, which leads to an ultrabroadband light coupling covering a 1 dB bandwidth of ≈320 nm in experiment (>400 nm in simulation), with a length (≈50 µm) ≈1/10 of that required in conventional adiabatic transfer approach. Moreover, the coupling strategy exhibits a low insertion loss (<1 dB), a low crosstalk (<−10 dB), and a great robustness against structural deviations (≈100 nm). Furthermore, complex functional devices including beamsplitter and multiple‐level cascaded networks are constructed for broadband light routing and splitting. This work preserves significant advantages simultaneously in extending the operation bandwidth to all of the optical communication bands and minimizing the footprint, which demonstrates great potential for large‐scale photonic integration and high‐speed information processing on chip.
Single‐cell transcriptomic analysis of glioblastoma reveals pericytes contributing to the blood–brain–tumor barrier and tumor progression
Authors: Li Yuzhe , Wu Changwu , Long Xinmiao , Wang Xiangyu , Gao Wei , Deng Kun , Xie Bo , Zhang Sen , Wu Minghua , Liu Qing 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe blood–brain barrier is often altered in glioblastoma (GBM) creating a blood–brain–tumor barrier (BBTB) composed of pericytes. The BBTB affects chemotherapy efficacy. However, the expression signatures of BBTB‐associated pericytes remain unclear. We aimed to identify BBTB‐associated pericytes in single‐cell RNA sequencing data of GBM using pericyte markers, a normal brain pericyte expression signature, and functional enrichment. We identified parathyroid hormone receptor‐1 (PTH1R) as a potential marker of pericytes associated with BBTB function. These pericytes interact with other cells in GBM mainly through extracellular matrix–integrin signaling pathways. Compared with normal pericytes, pericytes in GBM exhibited upregulation of several ECM genes (including collagen IV and FN1), and high expression levels of these genes were associated with a poor prognosis. Cell line experiments showed that PTH1R knockdown in pericytes increased collagen IV and FN1 expression levels. In mice models, the expression levels of PTH1R, collagen IV, and FN1 were consistent with these trends. Evans Blue leakage and IgG detection in the brain tissue suggested a negative correlation between PTH1R expression levels and blood–brain barrier function. Further, a risk model based on differentially expressed genes in PTH1R+ pericytes had predictive value for GBM, as validated using independent and in‐house cohorts.
The role and mechanism of NAT10‐mediated ac4C modification in tumor development and progression
Authors: Gu Zhuoran , Zou Libin , Pan Xinjian , Yu Yang , Liu Yongqiang , Zhang Zhijin , Liu Ji , Mao Shiyu , Zhang Junfeng , Guo Changcheng , Li Wei , Geng Jiang , Zhang Wentao , Yao Xudong , Shen Bing 
Published: December 2024

AbstractRNA modification has emerged as a crucial area of research in epigenetics, significantly influencing tumor biology by regulating RNA metabolism. N‐acetyltransferase 10 (NAT10)‐mediated N4‐acetylcytidine (ac4C) modification, the sole known acetylation in eukaryotic RNA, influences cancer pathogenesis and progression. NAT10 is the only writer of ac4C and catalyzes acetyl transfer on targeted RNA, and ac4C helps to improve the stability and translational efficiency of ac4C‐modified RNA. NAT10 is highly expressed and associated with poor prognosis in pan‐cancers. Based on its molecular mechanism and biological functions, ac4C is a central factor in tumorigenesis, tumor progression, drug resistance, and tumor immune escape. Despite the increasing focus on ac4C, the specific regulatory mechanisms of ac4C in cancer remain elusive. The present review thoroughly analyzes the current knowledge on NAT10‐mediated ac4C modification in cancer, highlighting its broad regulatory influence on targeted gene expression and tumor biology. This review also summarizes the limitations and perspectives of current research on NAT10 and ac4C in cancer, to identify new therapeutic targets and advance cancer treatment strategies.
Clinical Validation of the Defining Characteristics of the Nursing Diagnosis ‘Activity Intolerance’ in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Cáceres Rivera Diana Isabel , Jaimes Rojas Luz Mileyde , Cristancho Zambrano Luisa Yaneth , Acosta Barón Jennifer Vanesa , Cañon Gómez Diana Ivonne , Rojas Lyda Z. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTAimTo validate the defining characteristics (CDs) of the nursing diagnosis ‘Activity intolerance [00092]’ in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).DesignCross‐sectional study. Patients over 18 years of age with a confirmed medical diagnosis of hospitalised ACS were included and those who were haemodynamically unstable, with alterations in the mental sphere or with communication limitations were excluded. The CDs were previously operationalised for standardised measurement and independently assessed by nurses.ResultsA total of 111 patients with ACS were studied. The CDs with prevalence > 50% were: generalised weakness (80.56 vs. 78.70%), discomfort on exertion (72.07% vs. 75.68%) and ECG changes (71.17% vs. 68.47%). Inter‐rater agreement for determining the CDs ranged from 0.69 to 1.00.ConclusionsThis study established the clinical validation of the CDs of the nursing diagnosis ‘Activity Intolerance [00092]’ in patients with ACS identifying three major CDs: EKG changes, generalised weakness and exertional discomfort.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution the research was developed in its entirety by the authors.Implications for the Profession and/or Patient Care

The clinical validation of the defining characteristics of the activity intolerance diagnosis was conducted. This validation was based on operationalising each characteristic using commonly employed nursing scales and instruments. This process contributes significantly to the establishment of evidence‐based nursing practices.

The customisation of nursing diagnoses gains further ground through the validation studies of NANDA‐I diagnoses. This process solidifies standardised nursing language as a valuable strategy in nursing care, providing substantial support for practical decision‐making.

Among the evaluators, EKG changes, generalised weakness and discomfort on exertion emerged as the most frequently encountered defining characteristics with substantial agreement. This discovery offers crucial insights for devising individualised and collective care plans within coronary units.
Clinical impact of magnetic resonance angiography in patients undergoing free fibular flap transfer
Authors: Farsi Soroush , Hicks Evan , Hameed Muhammad , Jambhekar Kedar , Kuruva Manohar , King Deanne , Vural Emre , Sunde Jumin , Moreno Mauricio 
Published: December 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis retrospective study was carried out to assess the impact of dynamic time‐resolved magnetic resonance angiography (DTR‐MRA) in detecting lower extremity vascular abnormalities and its impact on deciding the harvest site in patients undergoing free fibular transfer.MethodsConsecutive patients who underwent DTR‐MRA imaging of lower extremities prior to free fibular flap transfer (FFFT) during the period of 2008–2020 were retrospectively included in the study. Retrospective review of medical records was performed to include the patients who had provisional side of harvest decided prior to DTR‐MRA based on clinical findings. The criteria for change in management included changing the harvest site, either to the contralateral leg or a different site based on DTR‐MRA.ResultsImaging findings in 103 patients who underwent DTR‐MRA prior to FFFT were included in the study. Overall incidence of vascular abnormalities of clinical significance for FFFT was 30/103 (29%), and site of harvest was changed in 30/103 (29%) patients after DTR‐MRA study. Addition of delayed venous phase imaging detected additional venous pathologies of clinical significance in 7/103 (6.8%) patients.ConclusionsDTR‐MRA as a preoperative study before FFFT has an excellent accuracy in detecting vascular abnormalities of clinical significance. Addition of delayed phase images can also detect clinically significant venous abnormalities.
UKCropDiversity‐HPC: A collaborative high‐performance computing resource approach for sustainable agriculture and biodiversity conservation
Authors: Percival‐Alwyn Lawrence , Barnes Ian , Clark Matthew D. , Cockram James , Coffey Michael P. , Jones Susan , Kersey Paul J. , Kidner Catherine A. , Kosiol Carolin , Li Bingjie , Marsh William A. , Zhou Ji , Caccamo Mario , Milne Iain 
Published: December 2024

Societal Impact StatementDiverse gene pools are fundamental to crop improvement, biodiversity maintenance and environmental management. The UKCropDiversity‐HPC high‐performance computing resource enables seven UK institutes to perform plant and conservation research with increased efficiency, cost‐effectiveness and environmental sustainability. It supports research across numerous areas, including bioinformatics, genetics, phenomics and conservation ‐ including Artificial Intelligence approaches. Its utilisation supports many United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, including Goals‐2 (Zero Hunger), −13 (Climate Action), −15 (Life on Land), −9 (Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure) and −4 (Quality Education). Accordingly, UKCropDiversity‐HPC helps maximise the societal impact of research undertaken at our seven institutes, driving positive change for future generations.
Internal Blast Effect Reduced by Dust Created by Fragments
Authors: Seisson Gabriel , Romann Marie , Dufourmentel Alan , Barbarin Yohan , Lavayssière Maylis , Stephanopoli Nicolas , Rouquand Alain 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe attenuation effect on pressure and impulse of the metallic casing of an explosive charge, namely, Fano's effect, is a well‐known phenomenon thanks to the founding works of Fano and Fisher. It is mainly attributed to the kinetic energy transferred from the high explosive (HE) to the casing. Later, few authors quantified the contribution of secondary mechanisms to this phenomenon, such as the yield stress of the metal, see, for example, Hutchinson. More recently, Baum et al. and Ohrt have suggested an additional attenuation effect when the detonation of cased charges occurs inside closed or vented rooms. The metallic debris produced by the fragmentation of the envelope strikes the walls, generating secondary debris and dust. This later consumes energy (kinetic and thermal) from the detonation products, implying a decrease in the apparent pressure and impulse. The present work experimentally verifies this phenomenon thanks to cylindrical bare and cased charges of various HE types and mass detonating at the center of a small‐scale vented concrete building. Internal impulses are estimated by several measurement methods, which all evidence that the impulse decrease endorsed by the secondary dust is highly significant. It is indeed of the same order of magnitude that the impulse diminution attributed to Fano's effect. These results may pave the way for a better insight into internal detonation effects, particularly for safety studies on munition storage.
Altered flow and sediment transport impacts on the ecosystems of Chinese major rivers: An urgent call for eco‐fluvial dynamics
Authors: Fang Hongwei , He Guojian , Huang Lei , Zhao Chenwei , Wang Jianyu , Han Yong , Gao Qifeng , Zhang Tao , Meng Jianan 
Published: December 2024

AbstractRiver ecosystems face challenges due to environmental degradation and alterations in flow and sediment transport resulting from climate change and other anthropogenic impacts. These changes may substantially affect river morphology, nutrient dynamics, wetland vegetation, aquatic habitats, and river ecological stability. This highlights the urgent need for systematic and quantitative studies on the interactions and feedback between changes in flow, sediment transport, and river ecology. In this study, we reviewed flow and sediment transport changes in major Chinese rivers, along with their resulting ecological impacts. We propose conducting eco‐fluvial dynamic studies, a potential solution that can guide the evaluation and restoration of ecological health impacted by physical processes. These studies can provide major benefits in balancing human and environmental needs in large river systems, which is crucial for the healthy and sustainable development of rivers.
P‐Doping Modulated RuIr Nanoparticles Anchored on Co/N/C Catalysts with Improved Alkaline Hydrogen Evolution Activity and Stability
Authors: Gan Zhuofan , Shu Chengyong , Cao Jingwen , Chen Zhixu , Qiu Peixi , Chen Zhongxin , Wang Xiaowei , Wu Yuping , Wang Shirui , Yang Xiaohua , Tang Wei 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAchieving efficient and stable hydrogen evolution reactions in alkaline conditions is crucial for hydrogen production. In this study, a RuIr/Co(SA)NC‐P catalyst featuring RuIr alloys alongside P‐doping and CoNx sites is developed. RuIr alloying optimizes the electronic structure between Ru and Ir, promoting electron transfer from Ru to Ir. P‐doping further modulates the electronic properties of RuIr alloys, optimizing hydrogen binding energy and weakening Ru─OH binding energy, facilitating rapid H2 generation and OHad transfer. Meanwhile, CoNx promotes water dissociation, providing a fast proton delivery path for RuIr alloys. The catalyst exhibits enhanced HER activity with a low overpotential of 20 mV at 10 mA cm−2, a Tafel slope of 20.4 mV dec−1, and a turnover frequency of 19.5 H2 s−1 at 150 mV overpotential. Moreover, catalyst stability is improved 8 times by mitigating RuIr alloy dissolution/agglomeration via P‐doping. This work introduces a promising approach for developing efficient and stable HER electrocatalysts.
Improving the Cycling Stability of NCM811 at High‐Voltage 4.5V in Ester‐Based Electrolytes with LiDFOB
Authors: Chen Yaqi , Liu Dongyu , Xu Xieyu , Wang Xuyang , Jiao XingXing , Bai Ying , Xiong Shizhao , Vasenko Andrey S. , Wang Yongjing , Song Zhongxiao , Liu Yangyang 
Published: December 2024

AbstractNickel‐rich layered cathode materials, particularly LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 (NCM811), have garnered significant attention due to their high energy density and impressive electrochemical performance. However, their cycling stability is compromised at elevated voltages, primarily due to structural instability and interfacial degradation. In this study, lithium difluoro(oxalato)borate (LiDFOB) is introduced into a commercial electrolyte based on lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF6) to elucidate the structural and interfacial changes occurring in NCM811 at a high cut‐off voltage of 4.5 V. It is found that the preferential decomposition of LiPF6 leads to the formation of a protective inert interface. At the same time, violent anisotropic lattice contraction and expansion generate cracks that contribute to the rapid degradation of NCM811. Notably, the incorporation of LiDFOB significantly mitigates these detrimental effects. Consequently, NCM811|Li cells utilizing this optimized electrolyte demonstrate an initial specific capacity of 214 mAh g−1 and remarkable capacity retention of 83.6% after 400 cycles at a 1C rate (1C = 200 mAh g−1). The findings pave the way for leveraging higher capacities of NCM811 at elevated cut‐off voltages, thereby enhancing its viability for high‐end energy applications.
LSRAM: A Lightweight Autoscaling and SLO Resource Allocation Framework for Microservices Based on Gradient Descent
Authors: Hu Kan , Xu Minxian , Ye Kejiang , Xu Chengzhong 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe microservices architecture has become a dominant paradigm in cloud computing due to its advantages in development, deployment, modularity, and scalability. Ensuring Quality of Service (QoS) through efficient Service Level Objective (SLO) resource allocation is a critical challenge. Current frameworks for microservice autoscaling based on SLOs often rely on heavy and complex models that are time‐consuming and resource‐intensive, making them unsuitable for rapidly changing environments and highly dynamic workloads.MethodsThis study proposes LSRAM (Lightweight SLO Resource Allocation Management), a novel framework designed to overcome the limitations of existing SLO‐based autoscaling methods. LSRAM operates in two stages:1). Lightweight SLO Resource Allocation Model: Computes optimal SLO resource allocation for each microservice using a gradient descent method, ensuring rapid computation and minimal computational overhead.2). SLO Resource Update Model: Adapts resource allocation dynamically in response to changes in the cluster environment, such as varying loads and application types, without requiring extensive retraining.ResultsLSRAM effectively addresses scenarios involving bursty traffic and fluctuating workloads. Compared to state‐of‐the‐art SLO allocation frameworks, LSRAM achieves the following:1). Reduces resource usage by 17%.2). Maintains QoS guarantees for users, even under dynamic conditions.3). Demonstrates faster adaptability to changes in the system environment due to its lightweight design.ConclusionLSRAM offers a scalable, efficient, and adaptive solution for SLO‐based resource allocation in microservices architectures. By reducing resource usage while maintaining QoS, it provides a robust framework for managing dynamic and unpredictable workloads in cloud environments. Its lightweight design ensures practical applicability and superior performance compared to traditional, resource‐intensive methods.
Developing artificial neural networks to estimate the fatigue strength of structural steel details using the new European database
Authors: Bartsch Helen , Voelkel Justus , Feldmann Markus 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis article outlines a method for utilizing machine learning, particularly artificial neural networks, to estimate the fatigue strength of structural steel details. Data have been taken out of a structured database of fatigue tests, depicting the background of EN 1993‐1‐9. The artificial neural network has been trained and verified on the basis of experimental fatigue test results on the example of the transverse stiffener. Results show that the neural network is capable of predicting the fatigue strength of random transverse stiffener details. Comparisons have been made to a numerical approach applying the effective notch stress approach, showing also limits. This study helps paving the way for a thorough investigation into the complex relationship between different influencing factors and fatigue strength, highlighting the benefits and limitations of using machine learning tools.
Construction of dense CMP data from sparsely collected GPR CMP data for the improved estimation of soil dielectric constant profile
Authors: Oikawa Koki , Saito Hirotaka , Kuroda Seiichiro , Takahashi Kazunori 
Published: December 2024

AbstractA multichannel ground‐penetrating radar unit, which consists of multiple fixed transmitters and receivers, allows one to obtain time‐lapse multi‐offset gathers (MOG) by fixing the unit in one place at the expense of spatial resolution. When applying common semblance analysis for dielectric constant estimation, it is important that MOG, such as common midpoint (CMP) data, are collected with a small antenna step size to obtain clear contrast in semblance values. Thus, a reliable computational technique for constructing spatially dense CMP data from sparse CMP data is required. An F‐K filter method based on the projection onto convex sets (POCS) algorithm was developed to interpolate missing traces. In our previous study, a novel method based on the F‐K filter was proposed by optimizing the filter zone to construct dense CMP data from sparse CMP data. The objective of this study was to formally compare the novel F‐K filter method with a method based on the POCS algorithm. The former method consists of a normal moveout correction and a fan‐shaped F‐K filter, the parameters of which are optimized by leave‐one‐out cross‐validation. The novel method was able to construct a dense reflected hyperbolic‐shaped wave signal well from the sparse CMP data collected from a sand box filled with uniform dry sand, and to improve the velocity estimation with semblance analysis. The novel method is considered more suitable for the construction of dense data from sparsely collected CMP data than the method based on the POCS algorithm.
Introduction
Authors: Christakis Dimitri A. , Hale Lauren 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The field of research related to children and media is likely to sustain its trajectory of rapid growth alongside an evolution in the available technologies and how, where, and when they are used. The past 15 years has seen a significant rise in scientific research into the effects of technology and media on child development, accompanied by a recent surge in government funding. This acceleration in research is mirrored by the significant increase in the number of publications stored within databases pertaining to children and media over the past 15 years (see Fig. 1).