bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Management of the governance and social aspects of ESG in the financial industry
Authors: Jiao Jie , Yan An 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis study investigates how banks adjusted their ESG strategies in response to the heightened governance requirements of the 2010 Dodd‐Frank Act. The findings reveal that banks, particularly those with lower operating performance and higher institutional investor ownership, responded by significantly increasing their focus on governance while reducing efforts in social initiatives. In contrast, non‐bank financial institutions, including shadow banks, exhibited simultaneous improvements in both governance and social performances during the same period. This shift in bank ESG management underscores the trade‐offs involved in regulatory compliance, where focusing on a single ESG pillar, such as governance, may unintentionally detract from other pillars like social. Policy‐makers and regulators should adopt a more balanced approach to ensure that all ESG pillars receive adequate attention for long‐term corporate sustainability.
The Design of Endovascular Robots for Cardiac Interventions: A Survey
Authors: Alekseeva Natalia M. , Viller Alexander G. , Romanov Alexey M. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe paper presents a survey of modern robots for percutaneous coronary interventions. It covers papers published before October 2024. The robotic systems introduced in these papers are compared by their design, tool manipulation principles, surgical tools compatibility, and human–machine interfaces, including types of feedback. The paper provides an overview of all main design approaches ever implemented in percutaneous coronary intervention robotics and critically analyzes their pros and cons. The survey covers 62 endovascular robotic systems (11 commercial and 51 academic) and 23 endovascular robotic tools, making it the most representative to date to the best of our knowledge. All of these solutions have been implemented at least as prototypes, while some of them have been tested in vivo and even reached clinical practice. In the discussion section, we critically analyze the known field experience with the use of the CorPath GRX (one of the most popular commercial systems currently used in several hospitals around the world), discuss the reasons for the insufficient spread of robotic endovascular surgery and propose a vision for changing this trend. This survey is intended primarily for engineers designing new medical robotic systems. However, it will also be of interest to endovascular surgeons to help them better understand the trade‐offs of both the products already in the market and the promising solutions that will be available in the future.
Does Method of Field Preparation Affect Survival and Growth of Juvenile Chinook Salmon in Agricultural Floodplains?
Authors: Tallman Rachelle L. , Wampler Alexandra N. , Singer Gabriel P. , Jeffres Carson A. , Cocherell Dennis E. , Colby Jordan , Fangue Nann A. , Lusardi Robert A. , Rypel Andrew L. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThere is growing interest to integrate conservation initiatives into agricultural practices using a reconciliation ecology framework. In California's Central Valley, one approach to improving crucial nursery habitat for threatened and endangered fish species is by re‐creating floodplain habitats through the inundation of agricultural fields during the non‐growing season. We conducted a series of field experiments in agricultural floodplains (winter‐flooded rice fields that historically were natural floodplains) to examine whether different field preparation methods enhanced growth and survival of floodplain‐dependent fish species. Approximately 8000 juvenile fall‐run Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) were reared for at least 28 days on eight, 0.2 hectares (ha) experimental fields. Each experimental field represented one of four treatments (two replicates per treatment): addition of large wood, addition of in‐field canals, addition of both large wood and in‐field canals, and control. Controls fields received no additional field preparations beyond standard post‐growing practices: that is chopping rice into stubble, baling, and removing excess rice straw, and discing the field with a single pass by plowing rice straw into the ground to promote decomposition. We found no significant difference in water temperature, fish growth or fish survival among habitat treatments. Across treatments, survival ranged from 50.1% to 78.3% and averaged 65.75% (+/− 7.89% SE). These findings suggest agricultural floodplains require no additional modifications to promote fish growth and survival. Results illustrate the benefits of integrating working landscapes with conservation initiatives, as this approach creates more accessible and beneficial habitat for native fish species.
Ni Cluster‐Decorated Single‐Atom Catalysts Achieve Near‐Unity CO2‐to‐CO Conversion with an Ultrawide Potential Window of ≈1.7 V
Authors: Li Yaqian , Cao Xi , Chen Qingqing , Pan Rongrong , Zhang Jian , Meng Ge , Yang Yun , Li Yapeng , Mao Junjie , Chen Wei 
Published: December 2024

AbstractDeveloping efficient electrocatalysts for CO2 reduction to CO within a broad potential range is meaningful for cascade application integration. In this work, hydrogen spillover is created and utilized to cultivate a proton‐rich environment via the simple thermolysis of a Ni‐doped Zn coordination polymer (Zn CPs (Ni)) to create asymmetric Ni single atoms co‐located with adjacent Ni nanoclusters on nitrogen‐doped carbon, termed as NiNC&SA/N‐C, which expedites the hydrogenation of adsorbed CO2. Therefore, the sample demonstrates near‐unity CO2‐to‐CO conversion efficiency under pH‐universal conditions in ultra‐wide potential windows: −0.39 to −2.05 V versus RHE with the current densities ranging from 0.1 to 1.0 A cm−2 in alkaline conditions, −0.83 to −2.40 V versus RHE from 0.1 to 0.9 A cm−2 in neutral environments, and −0.98 to −2.25 V versus RHE across 0.1 to 0.8 A cm−2 in acid conditions. Corresponding in situ measurements and density functional theory (DFT) calculations suggest that the enhanced H2O dissociation and more efficient hydrogen spillover on NiNC&SA/N‐C (compared to NiSA/N‐C) accelerate the protonation of adsorbed CO2 to form *COOH intermediates. This work emphasizes the significant role of proton spillover in CO2RR, opening novel avenues for designing high‐performance catalysts applicable to various electrocatalytic processes.
Theropod dinosaur diversity of the lower English Wealden: analysis of a tooth‐based fauna from the Wadhurst Clay Formation (Lower Cretaceous: Valanginian) via phylogenetic, discriminant and machine learning methods
Authors: Barker Chris T. , Handford Lucy , Naish Darren , Wills Simon , Hendrickx Christophe , Hadland Phil , Brockhurst Dave , Gostling Neil J. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe Lower Cretaceous Wealden Supergroup of southern England yields a diverse assemblage of theropod dinosaurs, its taxa being represented by fragments in addition to some of the most informative associated skeletons of the European Mesozoic. Spinosaurids, neovenatorid allosauroids, tyrannosauroids and dromaeosaurids are among reported Wealden Supergroup clades. However, the majority of relevant specimens are from the Barremian Upper Weald Clay and Wessex formations, and theropod diversity in the older Berriasian–Valanginian Hastings Group has remained poorly known, the fragmentary specimens reported thus far remaining enigmatic both in terms of phylogenetic affinities and sometimes provenance. A better understanding would be welcome given the paucity of Berriasian–Valanginian dinosaurs worldwide. Here, we describe an assemblage of Hastings Group theropod teeth from the Valanginian Wadhurst Clay Formation, mostly collected from the Ashdown Brickworks locality near Bexhill, East Sussex. These teeth were assessed using phylogenetic, discriminant and machine learning analyses and were found to include members of Spinosauridae, Tyrannosauroidea and Dromaeosauridae, in addition to others that remain of uncertain affinity within Coelurosauria. The taxa appear distinct from those already known from Wealden Supergroup strata: the spinosaurid cannot be referred to Baryonyx or the tyrannosauroid to Eotyrannus, for example, but we have not named new taxa at this time. Combined with other findings in the Wadhurst Clay Formation, our study indicates that Valanginian theropod diversity was comparable to that of younger Wealden Supergroup units, implying that the ‘characteristic’ theropod components of Wealden faunas were established early in the deposition of this famous geological succession.
Exon disruptive variants in Populus trichocarpa associated with wood properties exhibit distinct gene expression patterns
Authors: Piot Anthony , El‐Kassaby Yousry A. , Porth Ilga 
Published: December 2024

AbstractForest trees may harbor naturally occurring exon disruptive variants (DVs) in their gene sequences, which potentially impact important ecological and economic phenotypic traits. However, the abundance and molecular regulation of these variants remain largely unexplored. Here, 24,420 DVs were identified by screening 1014 Populus trichocarpa full genomes. The identified DVs were predominantly heterozygous with allelic frequencies below 5% (only 26% of DVs had frequencies greater than 5%). Using common garden‐grown trees, DVs were assessed for gene expression variation in the developing xylem, revealing that their gene expression can be significantly altered, particularly for homozygous DVs (in the range of 27%–38% of cases depending on the studied common garden). DVs were further investigated for their correlations with 13 wood quality traits, revealing that, among the 148 discovered DV associations, 15 correlated with more than one wood property and six genes had more than one DV in their coding sequences associated with wood traits. Approximately one‐third of DVs correlated with wood property variation also showed significant gene expression variation, confirming their non‐spurious impact. These findings offer potential avenues for targeted introduction of homozygous mutations using tree biotechnology, and while the exact mechanisms by which DVs may directly influence wood formation remain to be unraveled, this study lays the groundwork for further investigation.
Exploration of Medicinal Properties and Metabolite Diversity Between Different Petiole Types of Simarouba Glauca: A Nontargeted Metabolomics Approach
Authors: Kandaswamy Hemaprabha , Kannathasan Moghindhan , Selvakumar Divya , Selvamani Selva Babu , Kasiviswanathan Lekshmi Jeeva , Murugesan Gowtham , Kathirvel Suganya , Raman Revathi , Balasubramanian Arunachalam  
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTComparative metabolomics is a powerful technique to unveil variabilities in metabolic composition between different plant types of the same species. Thus, unveiling the unique and common metabolites between plant types and unique medicinal properties has the potential to utilize the specific plant type in modern medicine. However, up to date, no study reports metabolite composition and medicinal properties of different color petiole types of Simarouba glauca (S. glauca), which is known for its potential pharmaceutical properties. In this study, we aimed to perform a metabolomic investigation on two different petiole types of S. glauca to unveil the unique and common metabolites and their therapeutic properties between these petiole plant types. In specific, we conducted a comprehensive metabolomic analysis of the green petiole (GP) and red petiole (RP) of S. glauca, that revealed 43 unique metabolites between both petiole types. The differentially accumulated metabolite analysis disclosed five differentially accumulated metabolites between RP and GP, in which two are highly accumulated in GP (4‐Amino‐1,5‐pentandioic acid and 2‐Myristynoyl pantetheine), and one (5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural) in RP. Furthermore, the chemical classification of identified metabolites resulted in 27 distinct chemical classes, with fatty acids and amino acids being notably enriched. Functional annotation highlighted the wound healing and antibacterial attributes of GP and the antipruritic and antiviral properties of RP. The pathway enrichment analysis revealed the involvement of the identified metabolites in cutin, suberin, and wax biosynthesis, along with fatty acid biosynthesis. Moreover, RP exhibited a higher abundance of anticancer metabolites compared to GP. Overall, the findings of this study offer valuable insights into the metabolic disparities, metabolite role in color variation, and medicinal potentials of different petiole types of S. glauca and underscore their promising pharmaceutical applications.
Definitions and Terminology: What Is Continuous Cover Forestry in Fennoscandia?
Authors: Brunner Andreas , Valkonen Sauli , Goude Martin , Hanssen Kjersti Holt , Erefur Charlotta 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Definitions of continuous cover forestry (CCF) vary among countries, and are often a political compromise.

We offer a common definition of CCF for this book, which can be found in a text box below.

The three silvicultural systems included in CCF are described briefly.

Conversion to CCF will be an important activity in the near future, but approaches to and experiences of conversion to CCF are largely lacking in Fennoscandia.

Methods need to be developed for how to assess the suitability of forest stands for CCF or conversion to CCF.

Bad practices and experiences with selective cutting in Fennoscandia before 1950 have led to a loss of experience and willingness to apply CCF.

Climate adaptation will make it necessary to modify CCF approaches in the region, especially given the limited number of shade-tolerant species.
Maternal exposure to buprenorphine, but not methadone, during pregnancy reduces social play behavior across two generations of offspring
Authors: Nyberg Henriette , Bogen Inger Lise , Nygaard Egil , Achterberg Marijke , Andersen Jannike Mørch 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Rationale
The prevalence of newborns exposed to medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD), such as methadone or buprenorphine, during pregnancy is increasing. The opioid system plays a crucial role in regulating and shaping social behavior, and children prenatally exposed to opioids face an increased risk of developing behavioral problems. However, the impact of prenatal exposure to MOUD on offspring’s social behavior during adolescence and adulthood, as well as potential intergenerational effects, remains largely unexplored.

Objectives
Our study employed a translationally relevant animal model to investigate how maternal (F0) exposure to MOUD during pregnancy affects social behavior in young and adult rats across the first (F1) and second (F2) generation of offspring.

Methods
Female Sprague–Dawley rats were implanted with an osmotic minipump delivering methadone (10 mg/kg/day), buprenorphine (1 mg/kg/day), or sterile water, prior to mating with drug-naïve males. Adult F1 females were mated with treatment-matched F1 males to generate F2 offspring. We assessed social play behavior in juvenile offspring, and social interaction behavior in a three-chamber social interaction test in young adults of the F1 and F2 generations.

Results
Maternal exposure to buprenorphine, but not methadone, during pregnancy reduced social play behavior in both F1 and F2 offspring, expressed by a reduced number of pounces and pins, which are the two most characteristic parameters of social play in rats. Adult social interactions were unaffected by prenatal MOUD exposure across both generations.

Conclusions
Maternal exposure to buprenorphine during pregnancy may have adverse effects on social play behavior across two generations of offspring.
Cryogenic W-band Electron Spin Resonance Probehead with an Integral Cryogenic Low Noise Amplifier
Authors: Jbara Moamen , Zgadzai Oleg , Harneit Wolfgang , Blank Aharon 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The quest to enhance the sensitivity of electron spin resonance (ESR) is an ongoing challenge. One potential strategy involves increasing the frequency, for instance, moving from Q-band (approximately 35 GHz) to W-band (approximately 94 GHz). However, this shift typically results in higher transmission and switching losses, as well as increased noise in signal amplifiers. In this work, we address these shortcomings by employing a W-band probehead integrated with a cryogenic low-noise amplifier (LNA) and a microresonator. This configuration allows us to position the LNA close to the resonator, thereby amplifying the acquired ESR signal with minimal losses. Furthermore, when operated at cryogenic temperatures, the LNA exhibits unparalleled noise levels that are significantly lower than those of conventional room temperature LNAs. We detail the novel probehead design and provide some experimental results at room temperature as well as cryogenic temperatures for representative paramagnetic samples. We find, for example, that spin sensitivity of ~ 3 × 105 spins/√Hz is achieved for a sample of phosphorus doped 28Si, even for sub-optimal sample geometry with potential improvement to < 103 spins/√Hz in more optimal scenarios.
Digital leisure motivational interference decreases college students’ online learning satisfaction: the roles of academic emotions and parental autonomy support
Authors: Guo Xiao-Rong , Gong Shao-Ying , Liu Si-Yang , Wang Jing , Wang Yan-Qing , Zhao Xin 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPrevious studies have pointed out that leisure motivational interference was an important factor affecting students’ learning satisfaction. This study concentrates on three unexplored areas in the current literature on leisure motivational interference and learning satisfaction. Specifically, it is the first to (a) focus on the effects of digital leisure motivational interference (DLMI) on online learning satisfaction; (b) separate the cognitive, affective, and behavioral components of DLMI (DLMI-C, DLMI-A, and DLMI-B) when examining its effects; and (c) reveal how these three components influence online learning satisfaction. We conducted a questionnaire survey among 1041 Chinese college students who engaged in online learning, utilizing several measures: the Digital Leisure Motivational Interference Scale, the Academic Emotions Questionnaire, the Parental Autonomy Support Scale, and the Online Learning Satisfaction Scale. The results showed that (a) DLMI-C, DLMI-A, and DLMI-B negatively predicted online learning satisfaction, respectively; however, the differences in their effects were not significant; (b) academic emotions, both positive and negative, played the mediating roles between the three components of DLMI and online learning satisfaction; (c) parental autonomy support moderated the relationship between academic emotions (positive and negative) and online learning satisfaction. Notably, learners with higher levels of parental autonomy support reported greater online learning satisfaction compared to those with lower levels of support, particularly when experiencing lower frequency of academic emotions, whether positive or negative.
Storytelling and math anxiety: a review of storytelling methods in mathematics learning in Asian countries
Authors: Irmayanti Meiselina , Chou Li-Fang , Anuar Nur Najla binti Zainal 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAsian schools have consistently demonstrated higher academic achievement in mathematics compared to Western countries, largely due to cultural factors and the intensity of their educational systems. However, this success often comes with increased stress levels, which contribute to math anxiety (MA) among students. Research in cognitive psychology has shown a positive link between storytelling and enjoyable learning experiences. Nevertheless, the use of storytelling, specifically in mathematics education, still needs to be explored. This study synthesizes previous empirical research on storytelling in mathematics classrooms across Asian schools, from early childhood to high school, through a narrative review utilizing Voyant Tools. Nineteen studies, selected from seven digital databases spanning January 2004 to July 2023, were analyzed. The findings revealed that different educational levels employ varied storytelling methods in mathematics education. For instance, in elementary schools, storytelling techniques such as total physical response storytelling (TPRS) and visual aids combined with enjoyable physical activities are commonly used. In contrast, digital storytelling (DST), incorporating brain-based learning (BBL) principles, visual imagery, and music—with or without student projects—is more prevalent at the high school level. Overall, storytelling has proven to be an effective tool for motivating students in mathematics by making the subject more comprehensible and enjoyable.
The 2024 GPS accuracy improvement initiative
Authors: Montenbruck O. , Steigenberger P. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Following several performance enhancements, GPS has provided a stable signal-in-space range error (SISRE) of about 50 cm (RMS) for more than a decade. As of early 2024, a major SISRE reduction by about 30% could be noted that helps to maintain the competitiveness of GPS in comparison with the Chinese BeiDou system and reduces the performance difference with respect to the European Galileo system. Based on analyses of onboard clock stability and broadcast navigation messages, the SISRE enhancement can be attributed to a combination of clock switches on selected satellites as well as an overall reduction of the mean time between navigation data uploads. The additional adoption of new transmit antenna phase center offsets in the control segment has no immediate performance impact but affects the comparison of broadcast and precise orbits. Following the aforementioned operational changes, SISRE values for dual-frequency P(Y)-code positioning with the legacy navigation message (LNAV) were found to decrease to roughly 30 cm from March 2024 onward, and marginally worse results are obtained for users of the civil L1/L2 signals and the L2 civil navigation (CNAV) message. Single-frequency LNAV users, on the other hand, experience only a minor benefit, since orbit and clock information improvements are largely masked by the non-availability of group delay information for the L1 C/A signal relative to the L1 P(Y) signal.
Early Childhood Digital Pedagogy: A Scoping Review of Its Practices, Profiles, and Predictors
Authors: Li Hui , He Huihua , Luo Wenwei , Li Hui 
Published: December 2024

AbstractEarly childhood digital pedagogy (ECDP) has been widely implemented and studied, but the empirical evidence has not been systematically reviewed. This scoping review aimed to synthesize the existing studies to understand the practices and profiles of ECDP and the redefined roles of teacher, child, and technology. Thirty-eight studies on ECDP published from January 2010 to October 2024 were collected from three academic databases: EBSCO, Web of Science, and ProQuest. Synthesis of the findings of these studies revealed that: Firstly, digital technologies increasingly hold transformative potential for instructional practices at the level of modification and redefinition based on the SAMR framework. Secondly, play-based, project-based, problem-based, and co-operative and collaborative pedagogy with constructivist tendencies are the trademarks of ECDP. Lastly, in pedagogical interactions, teachers, children, and digital technologies each play diverse roles. This review study sheds some light on the practical characteristics of ECDP, which can inspire the effective designs and implementation of ECDP in the future.