bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FORMULATION AND IMMUNOSTIMULANT STABILITY POLYSACCHARIDE SYRUP OF FRACTION NONI (MORINDA CITRIFOLIA L.) FRUITS
Authors: E. Ediati , Saifullah T.N. , R. Rumiyati , MM. DUNSTANIA , P. MARIA QUEEN , S. ERNA MARIANA 
Published: September 2019

Objective: The study aimed to formulate standardized polysaccharide fraction of Noni (SPFN) fruit into syrup preparations to fulfill the acceptability requirement of National Agency of Drugs and Food Control [Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan Republik of Indonesia (BPOM RI)] so that it can be used in the community as an immunostimulant.
Methods: The optimization of the formula A and B were done using Simplex Lattice Design (SLD) method and its stability tested under extreme temperature change effect using thaw cycling method by evaluating the physical properties, microbial contamination and immunostimulant activity. MTT method was used to determine the immunostimulant activity of syrup against lymphocyte proliferation in vitro.
Results: Based on the results of stability tests of formula A using pH (4.45), viscosity (81.03 mPas), taste (good taste), pouring power (2.31 s), amount of bacteria (68 colonies/ml), total yeast and mold (269 colonies/ml) parameters and fulfilled the acceptability requirement of BPOM RI. Formula A could maintain better stability than formula B. Formula A syrup used for immunostimulant activity testing that could increase lymphocyte proliferation at a concentration of 13.33 to 106.64 μg/μl and it’s stable under the influence of extreme temperature changes.
Conclusion: Formula A could be used to produce SPFN syrup, which has stable physical properties and immunostimulant activity beside no microbial contamination that fulfill requirements of BPOM RI.
DERMAL DELIVERY OF DOCETAXEL LOADED NANO LIQUID CRYSTALS FOR THE TREATMENT OF SKIN CANCER
Authors: MAJUMDAR ARTI , DUBEY NIDHI , DUBEY NITIN 
Published: September 2019

Objective: The aim of the present study is to develop docetaxel-loaded nano liquid crystals (NLCs) to enhanced and effective delivery of the drug to the skin cancer.
Methods: NLCs bearing docetaxel were prepared by an emulsification solvent diffusion method. The formulated NLCs were characterized for average particle size, polydispersity index (PDI) Zeta potential, entrapment efficiency and in vitro drug release study. The prepared formulations were studied for it's in vitro cell line and cell uptake study.
Results: It was revealed that the average size of NLCs was found 178.3±5.07, PDI was 0.189, percent entrapment efficiency was found 71.3±2.49 and Zeta potential was found-17.3±2.4. In vitro release determined by Franz diffusion cell was found 61.6±3.2% after 72 hr. 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay shows that Docetaxel loaded NLCs were giving more cytotoxicity as compared to the plain drug. The cell uptake study was found enhanced uptake of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) loaded NLCs in comparison to plain FITC. Docetaxel and docetaxel-loaded NLCs showed 28.3±0.3 and 39.3±1.3 growth inhibition respectively after 48h upon incubation at 0.5 µg/ml concentration (p<0.05).
Conclusion: The result of the studies was concluded that NLCs can be used as impending drug delivery system which may enhance the drug uptake and maintain the drug level for longer period of time and it is potential carrier system which can be used for the treatment of skin diseases like cancer.
LIGHT SCATTERING IN RESEARCH AND QUALITY CONTROL OF DEUTERIUM DEPLETED WATER FOR PHARMACEUTICAL APPLICATION
Authors: KOLDINA A. M. , USPENSKAYA E. V. , BORODIN A. A. , PLETENEVA T. V. , SYROESHKIN A. V. 
Published: September 2019

Objective: Development of a methodology for measuring the deuterium content in water for pharmaceutical purposes by laser light scattering based on ideas about the cluster structure of water.
Methods: Samples of industrially manufactured drinking water from different manufacturers with varying deuterium content from 10 ppm to 115 ppm. For the titration of laboratory samples of deuterium depleted water in increments of 5 ppm the following reagents were used: Water, deuterium-depleted (≤1 ppm (D2O, Aldrich, USA); Deuterium oxide/Heavy water/Water-d2 (99.9 atom % D, Aldrich, USA); water Milli-Q (specific resistance 18.2 µS·sm at 25 оС, ТОС ≤ 5 ppb, Merck Millipore). The determination of deuterium content in samples of industrially manufactured water and water obtained in a laboratory manner was carried out by the method of low-angle laser light scattering (LALLS) at the Mastersizer (Malvern Instruments) analyzer and using a working measuring tool–laser dispersion meter/MDL («Cluster-1», Russia/Ukraine). The statistical methods–packages OriginPro®9.
Results: It was found that the content of isotopologies in water leads to physicochemical water’s properties changes and morphology changes of giant heterogeneous clusters (GHC). The results of low-angle laser light scattering (LALLS) in the water samples under investigation showed the dependence of the water GHC "dispersibility" expressed in the differentiation of curves of the volume size distribution ("size spectra"), the volume concentration, w%, the laser obscuration values (I ‒I0) as the function of the water isotopic composition variations. The laser diffraction method results correlate with two-dimensional (2D) multi-descriptor mathematical analysis.
Conclusion: When identifying deuterium depleted water, it should be considered not only the indicators that determine its pharmacopoeial quality, but also the D/H ratio, because even small changes in the natural isotopic composition of water lead to significant biological effects. Our proposed approach using laser diffraction in combination with mathematical apparatus of (2D) multi-descriptor laser scattering analysis makes possible the exact calculation of individual signs of deuterium depleted water as the pharmaceutical object of study.
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF FEBUXOSTAT FAST DISSOLVING TABLETS USING ENTADA SCANDENS SEED STARCH AND POLOXAMER-188 AS SUPERDISINTEGRANTS
Authors: DOPPALAPUDI SANDEEP , SURYADEVARA VIDYADHARA , JUJALA CHIRUDEEP 
Published: September 2019

Objective: The present study focused on solubility enhancement of the Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS) Class-II drug, Febuxostat using various super disintegrants.
Methods: Starches were extracted from Entada scandens seed powder by alkali method i.e., sodium hydroxide at 0.1%, 0.25% and 0.5% concentrations and water. Starches were evaluated for various phytochemical and physicochemical tests. Solid dispersions of Febuxostat were prepared by fusion method using poloxamer-188 alone and by mixing poloxamer-188 with Entada scandens seed starch. Various physical parameters were evaluated for these solid dispersions. Tablets were prepared using Febuxostat solid dispersions and varying concentrations of Entada scandens seed starch by direct compression technique. Pre and post-compression parameters were evaluated along with in vitro drug release studies, characterization studies like Fourier Transform Infra-Red spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and stability studies.
Results: Phytochemical tests revealed the presence of starch in all extracts. Starch prepared from 0.5% sodium hydroxide (ESS4) showed best physicochemical properties. In vitro dissolution studies revealed that solid dispersion F4 containing Febuxostat and poloxamer-188 in 1:3 ratios showed better drug release. Formulation FE5 containing F4 solid dispersion with 12.5% w/w of ESS4 showed enhanced drug release. FT2 tablets having 12.5% w/w of ESS4 showed better drug release when compared to others. FTIR and DSC studies revealed no major interactions between drug and excipients. XRD studies revealed the nature of formulations. Accelerated stability studies showed that all tablets were stable.
Conclusion: The super disintegrant property of Entada scandens seed starch was evaluated.
FORMULATION DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF SUSTAINED RELEASE GASTRORETENTIVE TABLET OF EMTRICITABINE
Authors: RADHA G. V. , SASTRI K. TRIDEVA , MANASWIN N. , LIKHITHA B. 
Published: September 2019

Objective: The study aims for the design and evaluation of floating tablets of emtricitabine (EMT), post oral administration to sustain the release and enhance gastric residence time (GRT).
Methods: EMT is a nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor for the prevention and treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The investigation was considered to formulate a floating tablet of EMT with various agents. The formulation included with various concentrations of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) k4m, ethylcellulose, microcrystalline cellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) by wet granulation method. Various parameters for the prepared formulations were evaluated for weight variation, thickness, hardness, friability, floating lag time (FLT), total floating time (TFT), swelling index, in vitro drug release, and fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) studies.
Results: The best formulation F1 exhibited 88.28% release in 24 h duration, with a floating lag time of 7 min and swelling index of 52.1% and drug content was determined to be 98.27%. The release mechanism was determined to be first order with higuchi release kinetics displaying diffusion along with the dissolution of the EMT from the tablet by non fickian mechanism.
Conclusion: EMT tablets showed an increased GRT with a sustained release for 24 h thereby allowing a better window for absorption consequently improve the therapeutic effect of the drug.
LA RUTA DEL SEGUNDO LUGAR: LA CAMPAÑA PRESIDENCIAL DEL PAN EN 1994
Authors: Reveles Vázquez Francisco 
Published: September 2019

<p>En este artículo se analiza el hecho de que, con un candidato sumamente criticado dentro y fuera del partido. Acción Nacional pudo sortear el enrarecido ambiente político que se mantuvo a lo largo del proceso electoral. Sin aprovechar cabalmente la consolidación de la organización, el PAN ganó simpatizantes principalmente mediante los medios de comunicación. Confirmó el abandono de la anterior postura de enfrentamiento con el gobierno y reiteró su línea en cuanto al resto de la oposición. Y si bien los resultados dieron de nuevo a este partido el segundo lugar, no se ha logrado desvanecer la idea de la relación armónica con el gobierno como elemento esencial en la estrategia política del partido.</p>
Avaliação da resistência da união imediata à dentina de sistemas adesivos simplificados
Authors: Portella Fernando Freitas , Collares Fabrício Mezzomo , Ogliari Fabrício Aulo , Fortes Carmen Beatriz Borges , Samuel Susana Maria Werner 
Published: September 2019

Objetivo: Avaliar quatro sistemas adesivos comerciais de diferentes composições quanto ao desempenho da resistência da união à dentina.
Métodos: Vinte incisivos bovinos tiveram a dentina vestibular exposta e receberam restaurações de resina confeccionadas com quatro (n=5) diferentes sistemas adesivos simplificados: Magic Bond DE e OptiBond Solo (convencionais), One-Up Bond F e Adper Prompt L-Pop (auto-condicionantes). Os dentes foram seccionados perpendicularmente a interface adesiva utilizando-se um disco de diamante, de modo a se obter palitos de 1mm² de área de secção. Os palitos foram submetidos ao ensaio de micro-tração em uma máquina de ensaios universal. Os valores médios de resistência de união dos diferentes sistemas adesivos foram comparados utilizando-se ANOVA de uma via e teste Tukey, em um nível de significância de 5%.
Resultados: Os valores médios de resistência da união foram 48,81±0,56 para o Magic Bond DE, 47,52±13,03 para o OptiBond Solo, 44,68±13,32 para o One-Up Bond F e 31,59±11,81 para o Adper Prompt L-Pop. O adesivo Adper Prompt L-Pop apresentou resistência de união inferior a dos adesivos convencionais (p
Influência do pré-condicionamento ácido em dentina na resistência de união imediata de sistemas adesivos autocondicionantes de dois passos
Authors: Leitune Vicente Castelo Branco , Collares Fabrício M , Paulus Marília , Augusto Carolina R , Samuel Susana Maria Werner 
Published: September 2019

Objetivo: Avaliar a influência do pré-condicionamento da dentina com ácido fosfórico sobre a resistência de união de dois sistemas adesivos autocondicionantes de dois passos.
Métodos: Foram utilizados 32 incisivos bovinos, divididos aleatoriamente em 4 grupos. Os grupos receberam a aplicação dos sistemas adesivos autocondicionantesClearFil SE Bond (GCL) ou AdheSE (GAD). Dois grupos, GADpa e GCLpa, receberam, antes da aplicação do primer, o condicionamento com ácido fosfórico. Em cada dente foram confeccionados seis restaurações cilíndricas com área adesiva de 0,88 (± 0,03) mm2. Após 24 horas, os dentes foram submetidos ao ensaio de microcisalhamento, em uma máquina de ensaios universal, com uma velocidade de 1mm/min. A análise dos dados foi realizada com ANOVA de dois fatores a um nível de significância de 5%.
Resultados:Os valores médios de resistência de união variaram entre 16,25 e 21,71 MPa, entretanto não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre todos os grupos avaliados (p>0,05).
Conclusão: O condicionamento ácido da dentina não influenciou a resistência de união imediata dos dois sistemas adesivos autocondicionantes de dois passos.
Avaliação da rugosidade superficial de resinas acrílicas quimicamente ativadas e bisacrílica
Authors: Appen Cristina Von , Longoni Camila , Bortoli Mone Lais , Fortes Carmen Beatriz Borges , Sanada Jefferson Tomio 
Published: September 2019

Objetivo: Este trabalho avaliou a rugosidade superficial de uma Resina Acrílica Ativada Quimicamente (RAAQ) e uma Resina Bisacrílica, em diferentes técnicas de manipulação, para confecção de coroas provisórias.
Materiais e Métodos: Foram confeccionadas matrizes de silicone (20x10x3mm) que serviram para confecção dos corpos de prova. Foram confeccionadas matrizes de silicone (20x10x3mm) que serviram para confecção dos corpos de prova, que formaram 4 grupos: Grupo Panela, Grupo Pincel, Grupo Fabricante e Grupo Bisacrílica (n=12). Após a polimerização, foram realizadas 3 leituras longitudinais e 3 transversais com auxílio de um rugosímetro digital. As leituras foram repetidas após acabamento e polimento dos corpos de prova em Politriz Metalográfica. Os valores de rugosidade foram somados e criada uma média para cada corpo de prova, os quais foram somados novamente dentro do seu grupo criando uma média e desvio padrão, antes e após o polimento. Os dados foram submetidos a ANOVA a 2 critérios e Sidak's multiple comparisons test (P
Økonomisk vækst, produktion og divergens i transitionslandene
Authors: Stæhr Karsten 
Published: September 2019

Abstract: Economic growth, production and divergence in the transition countries This article examines developments in income and living standards in the post-communist transition countries. All these countries had planned economies, but differed greatly in their economic and institutional starting points at the time of transition. The extent and speed of reforms has also varied. Production has increased considerably, but many of these transition countries have experienced severe business-cycle fluctuations. Although they have generally narrowed the income gap between them and the world’s richest nations, there are clear signs of divergence, with some of the poorest transition countries making very slow progress here. This is especially the case with the countries of the former Soviet Union and, to a lesser extent, the Balkan countries, but not the 11 countries that have joined the EU. Thus, the economic gains of the post-communist transition have been very uneven across countries.
Review of Current Methods for Re-Identification in Computer Vision.
Authors: Millar Matthew 
Published: September 2019

The problem of reidentification of a person in multiple cameras is a hot topic in computer vision research. The issue is with the consistent identification of a person in multiple cameras from different viewpoints and environmental conditions. Many computer vision researchers have been looking into methods that can improve the reidentification of people for many real-world purposes. There are new methods each year that expand and explore new concepts and improve the accuracy of reidentification. This paper will look at current developments and the past tends to find what has been done and what is being done to solve this problem. This paper will start off by introducing the topic as well as covering the basic concepts of the reidentification problem. Next, it will cover common datasets that are used in today's research. Then it will look at evaluation techniques. Then this paper will start to describe simple techniques that are used followed by the current deep learning techniques. This paper will cover how these techniques are used, what are some of their weaknesses and their strengths. It will conclude with an overview of some of the best models and show which models have the most promise and which models should be avoided.
OPTIMALISASI PENGELOLAAN DAN PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS ONLINE PADA LEMBAGA PENDIDIKAN ISLAM DALAM MEWUJUDKAN WORLD CLASS UNIVERSITY
Authors: Mahnun Nunu 
Published: September 2019

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk memaparkan tentang implementasi pembelajaran online dan optimalisasi pengelolaan pembelajaran berbasis online diperguruan tinggi Islam dalam mewujudkan world class university. Penulis menyimpulkan bahwa pemanfaatan pembelajaran berbasis online dalam perkuliahan sangat urgen dalam rangka mewujudkan world class university, oleh karena itu perlu didukung oleh kesadaran akan pentingnya pemanfaatan sistem pembelajaran tersebut dari dosen di lingkungan perguruan tinggi Islam, peningkatan fasilitas dan penumbuhan budaya terkait pemanfaatan pembelajaran berbasis online dikalangan mahasiswa sangat perlu. Pengelolaan pembelajaran online di beberapa perguruan tinggi Islam perlu ditangani secara serius dan khusus, agar pengelolaan pembelajaran berbasis online optimal maka pengelola harus menjalankan tugas-tugas manajerial pembelajaran berbasis online dengan baik dengan berpegang pada prinsip-prinsip manajerial yaitu; 1) Memprioritaskan tujuan di atas kepentingan pribadi dan kepentingan mekanisme kerja, 2) Mengkoordinasikan wewenang dan tanggung jawab, 3) Memberi tanggung jawab kepada bawahan harus sesuai dengan sifat-sifat dan kemampuannya, 4) mengenal secara baik faktor-faktor psikologi manusia, dan 5) Relativitas nilai-nilai.
Pemanfaatan Bantuan Program Keluarga Harapan untuk Menyukseskan Wajib Belajar XII Tahun di Kecamatan Pusako Siak
Authors: Nuryanti Nuryanti 
Published: September 2019

The purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which the utilization of the Family Assistance Program (PKH )was expected to be successful in 12 years of compulsory education in the sub-district of Pusako Kabupaten Siak . The population in this study were all heads who received PKH assistance in the sub-district of Pusako kabupaten Siak. The results of the study showed that PKH assistance funds were given to succeed the 12 year compulsory education in the sub district of Pusako were very satisfying. PKH assistance was able to explain and influence the educational participation of very poor household children in the sub distrct Pusako Siakreaching 96,8 percent and 3,2 percent influenced by other variables outside of this research model. PKH assistance provision should be on target and really aimed at improving children’s aducation.
PENERAPAN SUPERVISI KUNJUNGAN KELAS UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KBM DI SEKOLAH BINAAN SEMESTER GENAP TAHUN 2017/2018 DI KABUPATEN KUANTAN SINGINGI
Authors: Syamsuwir Syamsuwir , Marzuki Marzuki 
Published: September 2019

Pada prinsipnya supervisi merupakan sebuah upaya yang dilakukan oleh supervisor untuk membantu guru dalam meningkatkan dan mengembangkan kegiatan belajar mengajar (KBM). Membantu dalam pengertian untuk memecahkan kesulitan yang dialami oleh guru selama melaksanakan KBM. Disatu sisi mengembangkan kegiatan KBM yang sudah baik. Untuk membantu tersebut supervisor melakukan supervisi kunjungan kelas dengan harapan dapat melakukan pengamatan secara langsung. Temuan bersifat kekurangan akan diperbaiki dan yang sudah baik diberikan reinforcement sehingga semua temuan dapat dikembangkan pada KBM selanjutnya. Tujuan penelitian adalah ingin mengkaji penerapan RKA dan ingin mengetahui supervisi kunjungan kelas dapat meningkatkan pembelajaran bagi guru pada sekolah binaan pada semester genap tahun 2017/2018 di Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi. Subyek peneitian adalah lima orang guru dari lima sekolah binaan. Rancangan penelitian adalah penelitian tindakan sekolah. Hasil pengkajiam pelaksanaan RKA dan RPP untuk setiap guru, secara umum mengalami peningkatan dari refleksi awal sampai dengan siklus II. Pelaksanaan RKA pada siklus I persentase skor rata-rata dari lima sekolah 88,32 (Sesuai) dan siklus II sebesar 97.92 (Sesuai).Untuk PBM pada refleksi awal diperoleh persentase skor rata-rata 62,2 (Kurang sesuai), siklus I sebesar 83,4 (Cukup sesuai) dan pada siklus II diperoleh sebesar 94,6 (Sesuai). Memperhatikan hasil kajian tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa proses pelaksanaan supervisi kunjungan kelas untuk peningkatan pembelajaran bagi guru pada sekolah binaan pada semester genap tahun 2017/2018 di Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi telah sesuai dengan RKA yang disusun. Demikian dengan pelaksanaan RPP dalam kegiatan belajar mengajar sesuai dengan RPP yang disusn serta telah mengalami perbaikan dan peningkatan.
El paisaje detrás de las diagonales. Vínculos entre arroyos y la urbanización en la ciudad de La Plata
Authors: Rotger Daniela Vanesa , López Isabel 
Published: September 2019

La ciudad de La Plata se sitúa sobre un territorio surcado por múltiples arroyos no valorados por su potencial ambiental y paisajístico. La instalación de la noción paisaje en la discusión urbana desde hace un par de décadas, y con ello la puesta en valor del paisaje fluvial, hace que nos preguntemos acerca del tratamiento histórico que han recibido los arroyos en la ciudad de La Plata. El objetivo principal es indagar en el vínculo histórico que ha establecido la urbanización con el paisaje fluvial. Metodológicamente se ha desarrollado un trabajo de enfoque cualitativo, que profundiza desde una perspectiva histórica, en las vinculaciones que fueron estableciéndose desde los primeros registros entre paisaje fluvial y urbanización en la región, haciendo foco en el casco de la ciudad de La Plata y en su borde inmediato, especialmente en la cuenca del arroyo del Gato.
Characteristics of daily water temperature fluctuations in lake kierskie (West Poland)
Authors: Ptak Mariusz , Sojka Mariusz , Nowak Bogumił 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The paper presents the dynamics of daily water temperature fluctuations in Lake Kierskie (West Poland) and determines the effect of air temperatures and wind speed on the variability of the parameter (water temperature). The analysis was based on hourly water temperature values from the period from May 2012 to January 2018. The data analysis permitted the description of the thermal regime of waters in the lake in the hourly cycle in reference to each month, and designation of months characterised by the highest and lowest stability of water temperatures. More than half of the analysed days was characterised by a change in water temperature not exceeding 1°C. The course of water temperature showed strongly positive correlations with air temperature, and weak correlations with wind speed. Water temperatures in the lake were correlated the strongest with air temperatures with a 24 h time step.