bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs and Clinical Outcomes among Men with Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Thakker Divyesh , Raval Amit D , Raval Nilixa , Vyas Ami 
Published: March 2018

AbstractBackground: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have shown properties of inhibiting the progression of prostate cancer (PCa) in preclinical studies. However, epidemiological studies yield mixed results on the effectiveness of NSAIDs in PCa. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the effect of NSAID use on clinical outcomes in PCa using systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: Original articles published until the 1st week of October, 2016, were searched in electronic databases (Medline-Ovid, PubMed, Scopus, The Cochrane Library, and Web of Science) for studies on NSAID use in PCa. The main clinical outcomes for the review were: PCa-specific (PCM) and all-cause mortality (ACM), biochemical recurrence (BCR), and metastases. Meta-analysis was performed to calculate the pooled hazard ratio (pHR) and their 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Heterogeneity between the studies was examined using I2 statistics. Appropriate subgroup analyses were conducted to explore the reasons for heterogeneity. Results: Out of 4216 retrieved citations, 24 observational studies and two randomized controlled studies with a total of 89,436 men with PCa met the inclusion criteria. Overall, any NSAID use was not associated with PCM, ACM, and BCR, with significant heterogeneity. Neither precancer treatment aspirin use (pHR: 1.00, 95% CI: 0.83, 1.19, P = 0.97, 5 studies, I2: 51%) nor postcancer treatment aspirin use (pHR: 0.94, 95% CI: 0.72, 1.23, P = 0.67, 8 studies, I2: 86%) was associated with PCM. Similar findings, that is, no significant association was observed for NSAID use and ACM or BCR overall, and in subgroup by types of NSAID use, and NSAID use following radiation or surgery. Conclusion: Although NSAID use was not associated with ACM, PCM, or BCR among men with PCa, significant heterogeneity remained in the included studies even after subgroup analyses.
CT-guided Lung Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy: Analysis of Efficacy, Yield and Intricacies
Authors: Nair Anirudh V , Anirudh Soumya , Moorthy Srikanth , Cyril P , Rajamma Bindhu Mangalath , Ramachandran PV 
Published: March 2018

AbstractAim: This study aims to evaluate various factors that affect the cytological yield while performing computed tomography (CT) guided lung fine needle aspiration biopsy and to determine the complication rate of this procedure. Materials and Methods: In this cross sectional study, we analyzed 70 patients undergoing CT-guided transthoracic lung fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB). 22-gauge spinal needle was used in sixty patients and 20-gauge in ten patients. The presence and absence of an onsite cytopathologist affecting the adequacy of yield for a conclusive cytodiagnosis was compared in groups of 35 patients each. The incidence of complications such as pneumothorax, pulmonary hemorrhage was recorded. Results: Cytological yield was adequate for a conclusive cytodiagnosis in 59 cases (84.2%). Thirty-seven cases (52.8%) were malignant with adenocarcinoma (70.2%) being the most common, 22 cases (31.4%) had benign etiology. Cytological yield was adequate for a conclusive diagnosis in the group (n = 35) with an onsite cytopathologist (100%) compared with those cases without an onsite cytopathologist (68.6%) (P = 0.005). Pneumothorax was observed in 16 cases (22.8%), the incidence of pneumothorax was higher when there was an intervening parenchyma (P = 0.005). Conclusion: CT-guided transthoracic FNAB is an accurate method to rule out malignancy with a reasonable rate of complications. The presence of an onsite-cytopathologist significantly improves the adequacy of yield for a conclusive cytodiagnosis, and should be routinely employed. Pneumothorax and pulmonary hemorrhage are the most common complications as a result of FNAB. The incidence of pneumothorax is higher when there is intervening lung parenchyma.
Cancer of Unknown Primary: Opportunities and Challenges
Authors: Rajeev L K , Asati Vikas , Lokesh K N , Rudresh A H , Babu Suresh , Jacob Linu Abraham , Lokanatha D , Babu Govind , Lakshmaiah K C 
Published: March 2018

AbstractCancer of unknown primary (CUP) is defined as histologically proven metastatic tumors whose primary site cannot be identified during pretreatment evaluation. Among all malignancies, 3%–5% remained as CUP even after the extensive radiological and pathological workup. Immunohistochemistry and molecular gene expression tumor profiling are being utilized to predict the tissue of origin. Unfortunately, the survival of these patients remains poor (6–9 months) except in 20% of patients who belong to a favorable subset (12–36 months). There is a need to understand the basic biology and to identify the molecular pathways which can be targeted with small molecules. This article reviews our current approach as well as treatment evolution occurred in the past three decades.
Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Larynx Preservation: Has it Lost Importance?
Authors: Benson Rony , Mallick Supriya , Rath G K 
Published: March 2018

AbstractOver the time, the aim of treatment for locally advanced laryngeal and hypopharyngeal carcinoma has changed from cure to cure with the functional larynx. Chemoradiation has emerged as the most important therapeutic modality for patients with locally advanced disease. However, systemic failure remains an important area of concern. Induction chemotherapy has emerged as promising organ preservation approach as it gives an window to select responders and continuing treatment with nonsurgical approach as well as reduces systemic recurrence and improve survival with a functional larynx. However, there are questions about the efficacy of this approach. In this context, we aim to evaluate the trials for locally advanced laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer attempting to optimize therapeutic outcome with addition of induction chemotherapy. This present review intends to look into the therapeutic ratio of induction chemotherapy for disease control, organ preservation.
“Some of Distinction Here Are Warm for the Part of America”: Knowledge of and Sympathy for the American Cause in the Habsburg Monarchy, 1763–1783
Authors: Singerton Jonathan 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
In 1774 the British ambassador in Vienna complained that “every idle fellow talks of America.” By analyzing the quantifiable levels of knowledge about and reception of the American Revolution within Central Europe, this article examines the reasons behind this observation, not just in Vienna but across the Habsburg monarchy. Books, newspapers, diaries, personal correspondence, and theater works are used to demonstrate the fact that subjects in the Habsburg monarchy were not at all ignorant about events in late eighteenth-century North America. Moreover, this article reveals how this knowledge found a sympathetic audience in one of the most autocratic states in Europe.
Het herindelingsbeleid van Vlaanderen en Nederland vergeleken
Authors: De Ceuninck Koenraad , Abma Klaas 
Published: March 2018

Municipal amalgamation policies of Flanders and the Netherlands compared
Municipal amalgamations form a red thread through the history of local government in the Netherlands. With varying intensity, this country was continuously confronted with adjustments of the municipal scale. Where once the focus was rather one-sided on the minimum number of inhabitants of a municipality, we see that since the nineties questions were asked about the amalgamation policy. From now on a lack of administrative power had to be demonstrated before an amalgamation would be carried through. These critical remarks however didn’t lead to a downfall in the number of municipal amalgamations. Amalgamation and merger will always continue in the Netherlands. The Flemish policy on amalgamation appears to be quite different. Since the large-scale merger operation in 1976 Flanders was no more confronted with municipal amalgamations. The former Flemish government however, announced at its appointment in 2009 that it would encourage voluntary mergers of municipalities with financial and administrative incentives. The present Flemish government treads the same path. The incentives put in place by the former Flemish legislature are even increased. They even appear to bear fruit. In the provinces Limburg and East-Flanders several municipalities have indicated to investigate a merger. Some of them even have taken the principal decision to merger in the municipal councils involved. This article describes and compares the municipal amalgamation policies of the Netherlands and Flanders. The authors also investigate what both can learn from each other.
Legal Legitimacy of Tax Recommendations Delivered by the IMF in the Context of ‘Article IV Consultations’
Authors: Murillo López Sophia 
Published: March 2018

Legal Legitimacy of Tax Recommendations Delivered by the IMF in the Context of ‘Article IV Consultations’
This contribution examines the legal legitimacy of ‘Article IV Consultations’ performed by the IMF as part of its responsibility for surveillance under Article IV of its Articles of Agreement. The analysis focuses on tax recommendations given by the Fund to its member countries in the context of Consultations. This paper determines that these tax recommendations derive from a broad interpretation of the powers and obligations that have been agreed to in the Fund’s Articles of Agreement. Such an interpretation leads to a legitimacy deficit, as member countries of the Fund have not given their state consent to receive recommendations as to which should be the tax policies it should adopt.
Landbouwkartels en het mededingingsrecht: een nadere verduidelijking door het Hof van Justitie
Authors: van Rijn T.P.J.N. 
Published: March 2018

Landbouwkartels en het mededingingsrecht: een nadere verduidelijking door het Hof van Justitie
Overeenkomsten tussen landbouwproducenten en besluiten van landbouwverenigingen en -organisaties hebben een bijzonder statuut onder het EU-mededingingsrecht. In de gemeenschappelijke marktordening wordt bepaald dat het mededingingsrecht op bepaalde soorten overeenkomsten en besluiten in de landbouw niet van toepassing is. De betreffende artikelen zijn echter niet duidelijk. Het Hof van Justitie heeft in een arrest van 14 november 2017 duidelijkheid geschapen. Besluiten van producentenorganisaties die noodzakelijk zijn ter uitvoering van hun bij wettelijke bepaling opgedragen taken zijn van het kartelverbod uitgesloten.HvJ 14 november 2017, zaak C-671/15, Association des producteurs vendeurs d’endives (APVE), ECLI:EU:C:2017:860.
Uber: online dienst of vervoersbedrijf?
Authors: Botman M.R. 
Published: March 2018

Uber: online dienst of vervoersbedrijf? Europese grenzen aan regulering van online platforms
In arrest Asociación Professional Elite Taxi/Uber Systems Spain geeft het Hof van Justitie antwoord op de vraag of Uber moet worden gekwalificeerd als online dienst of vervoersbedrijf. Hiermee is ook duidelijk aan welke Europese regels nationale regulering van het online Uberplatform is onderworpen. In deze bijdrage wordt het arrest geanalyseerd en wordt bezien welke gevolgen het arrest heeft voor Nederland. Welke betekenis heeft het arrest voor de regulering van andere online platforms?HvJ 20 december 2017, zaak C-434/15, Asociación Elite Taxi/Uber Systems Spain, ECLI:EU:C:2017:981
De (finale) verordening op het verbod op geoblocking en andere vormen van geodiscriminatie
Authors: Kuipers D.P. , van de Sanden M.A.M.L. 
Published: March 2018

De (finale) verordening op het verbod op geoblocking en andere vormen van geodiscriminatie Een game changer voor online handel binnen de EU?
Op 2 maart 2018 is de verordening gepubliceerd waarin geoblocking en andere vormen van discriminatie op grond van nationaliteit, woon- of vestigingsplaats worden verboden. Deze verboden moeten, net als de andere voorstellen die onderdeel uitmaken van de Digital Single Market-strategie, ertoe leiden dat klanten betere toegang krijgen tot goederen en diensten op de interne markt. Dit zou op haar beurt grensoverschrijdende verkoop moeten stimuleren. De verordening is van toepassing met ingang van 3 december 2018. Over de aanleiding voor en de inhoud van het voorstel tot de verordening schreven wij reeds in dit tijdschrift. In dit artikel wordt kort ingegaan op de finale tekst van de verbodsbepalingen. Ook worden de wijzigingen ten opzichte van het op 25 mei 2016 door de Europese Commissie gepresenteerde – en eerder in dit tijdschrift besproken – voorstel belicht.Verordening (EU) 2018/302 van het Europees Parlement en de Raad betreffende de aanpak van ongerechtvaardigde geoblocking en andere vormen van discriminatie op basis van nationaliteit, woonplaats of plaats van vestiging binnen de eengemaakte markt en wijziging van verordening (EG) nr. 2006/2004 en Richtlijn 2009/22/EG, PbEU 2018, L 601/1
Particuliere ‘binnenkamer’ en openbaar klaslokaal
Authors: van Schie Patrick 
Published: March 2018

Private convictions and public class rooms: Dutch liberals on the role of religion and on the educational arrangement of 1917
For liberals religion is a private matter. This does not mean that a citizen should leave his or her religion at home. It does mean that laws and public services should not be determined by religious beliefs. The article describes how liberals have looked upon religion in their programs of principles since mid 19th century. The educational arrangement in the Netherlands of 1917, favouring religious schools, did not satisfy them. What were the liberal proposals in order to safeguard the religiously neutral, publicly-maintained schools?
Adaptación a la prisión y ajuste psicológico en una muestra de internos en centros penitenciarios
Authors: Novo Mercedes , Pereira Ana , Vázquez María José , Amado Bárbara G. 
Published: March 2018

ResumenAunque la literatura ha abordado ampliamente el estudio de la prisionización, el análisis de los efectos de las va­riables criminológicas en la adaptación a prisión y del estatus social en prisión, y de éstas en el ajuste psicoló­gico y las destrezas cognitivas que emplean los internos no ha sido suficientemente trabajado. Para conocer de ello, evaluamos en variables criminológicas, adaptación a prisión, estatus social en prisión, ajuste psicológico y destrezas cognitivas a una muestra de 112 internos varo­nes en cumplimiento de una pena privativa de libertad de una prisión portuguesa, con edades entre 23 y 74 años (M = 40.40, DT = 1.04), 77 (68.8 %) con antecedentes penales (reincidentes). Los resultados revelaron que las variables criminológicas (e.g., problemas en la familia) estaban relacionados con niveles más bajos de adapta­ción a la prisión. Además, los internos presentaban peor ajus­te psicológico que la población general, y los reinci­dentes que los primarios. Asimismo, también pusieron de manifiesto que los internos se caracterizaban en la reso­lución de problemas por recurrir a estrategias de afron­tamiento evitativas (i.e., Evitación cognitiva, Aceptación o Resignación, Búsqueda de recompensas alternativas, Descarga emocional), en detrimento de las aproximativas (i.e., Análisis lógico). Se discuten las implicaciones de los resultados para el diseño de programas de interven­ción dentro de prisión y la preparación para la vida en li­bertad (i.e., tercer grado).AbstractAlthough prisonization has been studied in previous lit­erature, the effects of criminological variables on prison adaption and prison social status; and of the latter on psychological adjustment and cognitive skills have not been sufficiently analysed. As for knowing about this, 112 male prison inmates with an age range between 23 and 74 years (M = 40.40, SD = 1.04), 77 (68.8 %) with criminal records (recidivists) serving sentences in a Por­tuguese prison were evaluated in prison adaption, prison social status, psychological adjustment and cognitive skills. The results showed that criminological variables (e.g., family problems) were related with lower levels of adaption to prison. Furthermore, prison inmates exhib­ited a significant worse psychological adjustment than the normative population, and recidivists than primary offenders. Likewise, the results revealed that prison in­mates were characterized in problem solving tasks by adopting an avoidant coping style (i.e., Cognitive avoidance, Acceptance or Resignation, Seeking alternative rewards, Emotional discharge), at the expense of an approach coping style (i.e., Logical analysis). The implications of the results for in-prison intervention programmes design and the preparation for a third-degree life i.e., under parole, are discussed.
Necessity of electrically conductive pili for methanogenesis with magnetite stimulation
Authors: Wang Oumei , Zheng Shiling , Wang Bingchen , Wang Wenjing , Liu Fanghua 
Published: March 2018

Background
Magnetite-mediated direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET) between Geobacter and Methanosarcina species is increasingly being invoked to explain magnetite stimulation of methane production in anaerobic soils and sediments. Although magnetite-mediated DIET has been documented in defined co-cultures reducing fumarate or nitrate as the electron acceptor, the effects of magnetite have only been inferred in methanogenic systems.

Methods
Concentrations of methane and organic acid were analysed with a gas chromatograph and high-performance liquid chromatography, respectively. The concentration of HCl-extractable Fe(II) was determined by the ferrozine method. The association of the defined co-cultures of G. metallireducens and M. barkeri with magnetite was observed with transmission electron micrographs.

Results
Magnetite stimulated ethanol metabolism and methane production in defined co-cultures of G. metallireducens and M. barkeri; however, magnetite did not promote methane production in co-cultures initiated with a culture of G. metallireducens that could not produce electrically conductive pili (e-pili), unlike the conductive carbon materials that facilitate DIET in the absence of e-pili. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that G. metallireducens and M. barkeri were closely associated when magnetite was present, as previously observed in G. metallireducens/G. sulfurreducens co-cultures. These results show that magnetite can promote DIET between Geobacter and Methanosarcina species, but not as a substitute for e-pili, and probably functions to facilitate electron transfer from the e-pili to Methanosarcina.

Conclusion
In summary, the e-pili are necessary for the stimulation of not only G. metallireducens/G. sulfurreducens, but also methanogenic G. metallireducens/M. barkeri co-cultures with magnetite.
Morphometric Data on Miogypsina (Lepidosemicyclina) bifida, Foraminifera from L-III Reservoir, Mumbai Offshore, India
Authors: Singh S. D. , Raju D. S. N. 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT
A detailed description of the assemblage of Miogypsina (Lepidosemicyclina) bifida Rutten from the sub-surface Mumbai Offshore is presented by carrying out biometric studies on nineteen equatorial sections. The mean V is 47.2 and the mean DI 212μm. The mean DII is 272.35μm and the mean ε 341.76μm. The larger spire has notational value in the range 4.1/2 to 7.1/2 and the smaller spire 1.1/2 to 3.1/2. The species is recorded to be occurring below M. (L.) excentrica Tan Sin Hok. In terms of the planktonic zonation, it pertains to the planktonic Zone N6 (Burdigalian). This is the first detailed study of M.(L.) bifida Rutten from India. The foraminifer, M.(L.) bifida Rutten, recorded from the L-III, a major producing reservoir of Mumbai High field is found in association with Lepidocyclina sp., Sphaerogypsina sp., Operculina sp., Amphistegina sp., Elphidium sp. and Cibicides sp. along with Bryozoa. The assemblage, recorded from limestone, indicates a shallow inner neritic paleoenvironment (bathymetry 15-20 meters) of deposition.
Assessment of Groundwater Vulnerability in Upper Betwa River Watershed using GIS based DRASTIC Model
Authors: Ahirwar Shobharam , Shukla J. P. 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT
Groundwater, the most vital water resource being used for irrigation, domestic and industrial purposes is nowadays under severe threat of contamination. Groundwater contamination risk assessment is an effective tool for groundwater management. In the study, a DRASTIC model which is based on the seven hydro-geological parameters viz: depth of water, net-recharge, aquifer media, soil media, topography, impact of vadose zone and hydraulic conductivity was used to evaluate the groundwater pollution potentiality of upper Betwa watershed. ArcGIS was used to create the ground water vulnerability map by overlaying the seven layers. Based on groundwater vulnerability map, the watershed has been divided in three vulnerable zones viz; low vulnerability zone with 42.83 km2 of area, moderate with 369.21 km2 area and high having 270.96 km2 of area. Furthermore, the DRASTIC model has been validated by nitrate concentration over the area. Results of validation have shown that in low vulnerable zone, no nitrate contamination has been recorded. While in the moderate zone nitrate has been found in the range of 1.6-10ppm. However, in high vulnerable zone 11-40ppm of nitrate concentration in groundwater has been recorded, which proves that the DRASTIC model is applicable for the prediction of groundwater vulnerability in the watershed and in similar areas too.
Early Childbearing, School Attainment, and Cognitive Skills: Evidence From Madagascar
Authors: Herrera Almanza Catalina , Sahn David E. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractFemale secondary school attendance has recently increased in sub-Saharan Africa, and so has the risk of becoming pregnant while attending school. We analyze the impact of teenage pregnancy on young women’s human capital using longitudinal data in Madagascar that capture the transition from adolescence to adulthood for a cohort aged 21–24 in 2012, first interviewed in 2004. We find that early childbearing increases the likelihood of dropping out of school and decreases the chances of completing secondary school. This pregnancy-related school dropout also has a detrimental impact on standardized test scores in math and French. We instrument early pregnancy with the young woman’s community-level access and her exposure to condoms since age 15 after controlling for pre-fertility socioeconomic conditions. Our results are robust to different specifications that address potential endogeneity of program placement and instrument validity.
Profiles of internalizing and externalizing symptoms associated with bullying victimization
Authors: Eastman Meridith , Foshee Vangie , Ennett Susan , Sotres‐Alvarez Daniela , Reyes H. Luz McNaughton , Faris Robert , North Kari 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACTThis study identified profiles of internalizing (anxiety and depression) and externalizing (delinquency and violence against peers) symptoms among bullying victims and examined associations between bullying victimization characteristics and profile membership. The sample consisted of 1196 bullying victims in grades 8–10 (Mage = 14.4, SD = 1.01) who participated in The Context Study in three North Carolina counties in Fall 2003. Five profiles were identified using latent profile analysis: an asymptomatic profile and four profiles capturing combinations of internalizing and externalizing symptoms. Associations between bullying characteristics and membership in symptom profiles were tested using multinomial logistic regression. More frequent victimization increased odds of membership in the two high internalizing profiles compared to the asymptomatic profile. Across all multinomial logistic regression models, when the high internalizing, high externalizing profile was the reference category, adolescents who received any type of bullying (direct, indirect, or dual) were more likely to be in this category than any others.