bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mehrfachbenachteiligungen in den Studiengängen des Sozialwesens
Authors: Verlinden Karla , Wen Sebastian 
Published: November 2024

ZusammenfassungDieser Beitrag untersucht auf Basis der Daten der Sozialerhebung des Sommersemesters 2016, wie häufig unter Studierenden des Sozialwesens Mehrfachbenachteiligungen in Form von kumulierten ökonomischen, sozialen und emanzipatorischen sozialen Ungleichheiten vorkommen und in welchen intersektionalen Strukturkategorien diese gehäuft auftreten. Die Ergebnisse zeigen auf Basis eines gestuften Regressionsmodells besonders häufig Mehrfachbenachteiligungen bei der Gruppe Studierender mit gesundheitlichen Beeinträchtigungen. Betroffen sind jedoch auch ältere Studierende, jene aus finanzschwachen Elternhäusern und weiblich gelesene. Als nicht prädiktiv erweist sich dagegen die Migrationsgeschichte. Die Analysen untermauern die Relevanz der Betrachtung intersektional verschränkter Strukturkategorien. Sie geben allerdings auch Hinweise darauf, dass die herangezogenen Differenzlinien nicht per se zu Benachteiligungen führen.
Mindfulness Meditation Improves Mental Health in Flood Survivors and Disaster Volunteers: A Randomized Wait-List Controlled Trial
Authors: Müller Lena , Rapoport Olga , Rahe Martina 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Objectives
Being affected by a natural disaster or helping victims can impact mental health. This study aimed to examine whether a digital mindfulness intervention positively affects self-compassion, life satisfaction, and positive affect, and alleviates negative affect, perceived stress, and pathological symptoms in victims and volunteers of the flood disaster in Germany in July 2021.

Method
Participants were 146 people affected by the flood (via house, n = 88; friends, n = 100; workplace, n = 54) and/or volunteered after the disaster (n = 86). After the randomized assignment, 74 received a 6-week application-based mindfulness intervention, and 72 were allocated to the wait-control condition. The control group received the same intervention 6 weeks later. Before (T1) and after (T2) the intervention of the first group and after the intervention of the control group (T3), participants filled out questionnaires regarding different aspects of mental health.

Results
We found significant interaction effects of time and intervention for all variables (self-compassion, life satisfaction, positive and negative affect, perceived stress, and pathological symptoms), indicating effectiveness of the digital mindfulness intervention. No deterioration were found between T2 and T3 in the intervention group for any of the variables.

Conclusions
The 6-week digital mindfulness program positively affected the mental health of both disaster victims and volunteers. Therefore, a digital mindfulness intervention could be a good alternative in situations where group programs or face-to-face meetings are infeasible.
Unveiling user identity across social media: a novel unsupervised gradient semantic model for accurate and efficient user alignment
Authors: Peng Yongqiang , Chen Xiaoliang , Miao Duoqian , Qin Xiaolin , Gu Xu , Lu Peng 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The field of social network analysis has identified User Alignment (UA) as a crucial area of investigation. The objective of UA is to identify and connect user accounts across diverse social networks, even when there are no explicit interconnections. UA plays a pivotal role in synthesising coherent user profiles and delving into the intricacies of user behaviour across platforms. However, traditional approaches have encountered limitations. Singular embedding techniques have been found to fall short in fully capturing the semantic essence of user profile attributes. Furthermore, classification-based embedding methods lack definitive criteria for categorisation, thereby constraining both the efficacy and applicability of these models. This paper presents a novel unsupervised Gradient Semantic Model for User Alignment (GSMUA) for the purpose of identifying common user identities across social networks. GSMUA categorises user profile information into weak, sub, and strong gradients based on the semantic intensity of attributes. Different gradient semantic levels direct attention to literal features, semantic features, or a combination of both during feature extraction, thereby achieving a full semantic representation of user attributes. In the case of strongly semantic long texts, GSMUA employs Named Entity Recognition (ENR) technology in order to enhance the inefficient handling of such texts. Furthermore, GSMUA compensates for missing user profile attributes by utilising profile information from user neighbours, thereby reducing the negative impact of missing user profile attributes on model performance. Extensive experiments conducted on four pairs of real datasets demonstrate the superiority of our approach. In comparison to the most effective previously developed unsupervised methods, GSMUA demonstrates improvements in hit-precision ranging from 5.32 to 12.17%. When compared to supervised methods, the improvements range from 0.71 to 11.79%.
Ökonomische Auswirkungen eines Werbe- und Sponsoringverbots im geplanten Kinder-Lebensmittel-Werbegesetz (KLWG) für die Medien- und Werbewirtschaft
Authors: Haucap Justus , Loebert Ina , Thorwarth Susanne 
Published: November 2024

ZusammenfassungDas Bundesministerium für Ernährung und Landwirtschaft (BMEL) plant ein Gesetz zum Schutz von Kindern vor Werbung für Lebensmittel mit hohem Zucker‑, Fett- oder Salzgehalt (Kinder-Lebensmittel-Werbegesetz – KLWG). Das BMEL möchte so Übergewicht und ernährungsmitbedingte Erkrankungen wie z. B. Adipositas bei Kindern und Jugendlichen reduzieren. Dem bisher bekannten Entwurf des Gesetzes zufolge würde jedoch nicht nur an Kinder, d. h. Personen unter 14 Jahren, gerichtete Werbung für Lebensmittel mit verhältnismäßig hohem Gehalt an Zucker, Salz oder Fett untersagt. Vielmehr würde das KLWG in der vorgeschlagenen Fassung ein nahezu generelles Werbeverbot für fast alle Lebensmittel jenseits von Frischfleisch, Frischfisch, Obst, Gemüse, Hülsenfrüchten, Milch und (ungesüßten) Säften implizieren. Ein Inkrafttreten des Gesetzes würde somit die Werbe- und Kommunikationsmöglichkeiten für (viele) Unternehmen in der Lebensmittelbranche massiv einschränken. Nicht nur auf dem Lebensmittelmarkt wären erhebliche Wettbewerbseffekte zu erwarten, sondern insbesondere auch in der Medienwirtschaft für privatwirtschaftliche Rundfunkunternehmen und Medienagenturen. Damit wirkt das geplante Werbeverbot als „Brandbeschleuniger“ für das schleichende „Mediensterben“ und gefährdet letztlich auch die Meinungs- und Medienvielfalt in Deutschland. In der Konsequenz droht vor allem im dualen Rundfunksystem eine fundamentale Verschiebung.
Planning and Optimisation of Renewable Energy Systems for Decarbonising Operations of Oil Refineries
Authors: Lau Clarence Yii Fang , Chew Yick Eu , How Bing Shen , Andiappan Viknesh 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Given the urgency to transition to low carbon future, oil refineries need to identify feasible strategies for decarbonisation. One way to address this is by integrating renewable energy systems. However, the high initial costs and intermittency appeared to be the key barriers for the adoption of renewable energy technologies. Hence, a multi-period optimisation model is developed via mixed integer linear programming in this work to determine the optimal renewable energy system in terms of cost and its optimal energy storage technology to enhance its flexibility for oil refinery operations. This model aims to minimise the costs of the renewable energy system while considering its ability to accommodate the varying energy demands across the time periods. An oil refinery case study is used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the developed model. The developed model is expected to propose an optimal renewable energy system that meets the energy demands and, at the same time, achieves the decarbonisation goal. Based on the results, the optimal renewable energy system comprises cost-effective technologies to generate various energy outputs including electricity, hydrogen, high-pressure and medium-pressure steam to meet energy demands. Additionally, the result of the case study shows that the integration of renewable energy systems achieves a reduction of 5,353 tonnes of carbon dioxide. Apart from that, the incorporation of energy-efficient energy storage results in a 10% reduction in the total cost of the optimal renewable energy system. Compressed hydrogen gas storage and battery were used to store excess hydrogen and electricity during periods with low demands and subsequently consumed during peak demand periods. This can, therefore, reduce the technological capacity required. With the aid of storage facilities, the flexibility of the renewable energy system is elevated in meeting varied demands, which otherwise would incur additional expenses.
Factors contributing to severe scoliosis after open chest surgery for congenital heart disease: a case–control analysis
Authors: Kawamura Ichiro , Yamaguchi Toru , Yanagida Haruhisa , Tominaga Hiroyuki , Yamamoto Takuya , Ueno Kentaro , Taniguchi Noboru 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Previous reports have identified factors associated with open chest surgery for congenital heart disease (CHD) and scoliosis. However, these reports included conditions such as Down syndrome and Marfan syndrome, which involve both cardiac disease and scoliosis. The relationships between these factors and open chest surgery remain unclear. This study aimed to identify factors contributing to severe scoliosis in CHD patients who have undergone open chest surgery.

Methods
Seventy-four post-CHD surgery patients with severe scoliosis (Scoliosis group) and 30 post-CHD surgery patients without scoliosis (NS group), excluding those with any syndrome or intellectual disability, were retrospectively analyzed. Patient background characteristics and radiographic parameters were compared between the NS and Scoliosis groups. Furthermore, the patients in the Scoliosis group were classified into three categories, namely, mild scoliosis, moderate scoliosis, and severe scoliosis, and the results were compared among the four groups.

Results
Eighteen patients in the NS group and 63 in the Scoliosis group met the inclusion criteria. Compared with the NS group, the Scoliosis group included significantly more girls and patients who had younger ages at first CHD surgery and multiple open chest surgeries. Severe scoliosis progression was observed in patients who underwent multiple surgeries for severe CHD with cardiomegaly.

Conclusions
Progression to severe scoliosis was noted in patients with younger ages at first CHD surgery and those who underwent multiple surgeries for severe CHD. Assessing spinal deformities should be a key aspect of postoperative care for CHD, particularly in patients with severe CHD who are undergoing multiple chest surgeries.

Level of evidence
III.
Assessing the impact of agriculture value chains on food and water environments in Meerut District, India
Authors: Shahnum Sajida , Shah Mohd Sajid 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWater and food are interconnected elements crucial for agricultural production and food security. While sufficient water resources have facilitated significant food production, intensive agricultural practices have contributed to the degradation of water resources. Agriculture value chains play a pivotal role in shaping food systems and can lead to virtual water movement through the production and trade of water-intensive crops. These chains affect both water and food environments, with water being a driver and food determining factors like availability and accessibility. Despite the economic benefits, agriculture value chains pose non-economic challenges, including environmental and social impacts. The focus on profitability often overlooks sustainability and equity concerns, leading to mono cropping and exclusion of small farmers from markets. This trend is evident in Meerut district, situated in the fertile Indo Gangetic plain and a top farming state in India. Despite its agricultural potential, the district has shifted towards sugarcane monoculture, impacting water and food environments. This study aims to explore the complex relationship between agriculture value chains, water sustainability, food availability and accessibility. The objectives include understanding these interlinkages, analyzing baseline scenarios, and assessing the implications of value chains on food and water environments. The analysis reveals the adverse effects of sugarcane monoculture on water environment, food environment and agricultural sustainability. To address these challenges, the study puts a way forward to adopt value chains approach for the strategical promotion of crop diversification, emphasizing resilience and sustainability.
Surface Modification of Glass Fiber-Reinforced Composite Posts by Hydrogen Peroxide: A Scoping Review
Authors: Fernandes Valter , Tuttle Camilia , Carvalho Óscar , Henriques Bruno , Novaes de Oliveira Antonio Pedro , Özcan Mutlu , Souza Júlio C. M. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractOn the rehabilitation of endodontic treated teeth using intraradicular retention, adhesive failures often occur between the intraradicular post and the resin-matrix cement. The main aim of this study was to conduct a scoping review on the surface modification of glass fiber-reinforced composite posts by hydrogen peroxide solutions. An electronic search was performed in the PubMed database, using combinations of keywords pursuing articles published between 2010 and 2024 in English language. Of the 13 selected studies, 12 investigated the bond strength between the glass fiber-reinforced composite (GFRC) post and the resin-matrix cement after the surface treatment of the post, 5 articles analyzed failures using a stereomicroscope, and 7 studies analyzed the surface topography by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Etching procedures with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) altered the surface of the GFRC post by selectively dissolving the matrix without damaging the fibers, resulting in a larger surface area of exposed fibers available to react with the adhesive system or silane. Studies revealed high bond strength values between the etched GFRC posts to the resin-matrix materials. Surface treatment of GFRC posts with hydrogen peroxide seems promising considering the feasibility on the surface modification resulting in the improvement of bond strength of intraradicular posts to resin-matrix cements.
Minimizing postharvest food losses: a vital strategy to alleviate food insecurity and malnutrition in developing nations: a review
Authors: Khan Ayesha Ashraf , Siddiqui Yasmeen , Siddique Kadambot H. M. , Bobo Jack A. , Ali Asgar 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
As global food production encounters escalating challenges, postharvest losses (PHLs) emerge as a critical yet often overlooked issue. Despite considerable progress in food production, PHLs remain a significant concern, accounting for an average of 14% of food production in 2021. Against the backdrop of 811 million people facing food insecurity and the triple burden of malnutrition, it becomes increasingly evident that reducing food losses offers a sustainable solution to enhancing global food and nutritional security, particularly in developing countries. This review aims to underscore the significance of PHLs, their impact on global food security, and the current PHL scenario in developing nations. Despite the abundance of innovative technologies developed by researchers, accessibility to these technologies remains limited for farmers in many countries. The ongoing struggle and dire circumstances surrounding proper food handling in developing nations necessitate immediate action. Research efforts must focus on assessing the regional applicability, costs, and economic returns of existing technologies for mitigating PHLs. In addition to capital investments, the long-term sustainability of reducing PHLs hinges on ensuring the effective use of these technologies through education and training.

Graphical Abstract
Design and simulation of a smart master switch system based on multi-input XOR logic gate
Authors: Wanzala Jimmy Nabende , Atim Michael Robson 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMechanical switches have been the conventional way of controlling electrical energy in different electrical systems such as: lighting systems, socket systems, and circuit breakers, especially in domestic, hospital, and industrial applications. Mechanical switches often require physical access to control different electrical devices that are connected to the power sources. The work presented in this paper aimed at designing and simulating a multi-input based Exclusive-Or master switch system that remotely controls the lighting and socket systems using the wireless switching mechanisms of Global System for Mobile communication and Bluetooth. The system therefore limits physical interaction that require use of the single pole double throw and keypad mechanical switches that are however included to act as fall-back mechanism in control of electrical devices. Within the recommended electrical safety measures, the design can be streamlined and integrated to remotely control lighting systems and sockets alongside the conventional mechanical switches in the consumer control unit.
Augmented reality about Tropical Cyclones in the Dominican Republic: evaluation of learning and cognitive load
Authors: Michel-Acosta Pamela , Pepín-Ubrí Josefina , Chaljub-Hasbún Jeanette 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Introduction
The Dominican Republic, due to its nature as a Small Island Developing State (SIDS), faces several challenges in the face of extreme weather phenomena such as hurricanes. Therefore, integrating technologies such as Augmented Reality (AR) in teaching these topics in class can influence student motivation and improve learning.

Aim
This article has three objectives: 1) to evaluate the learning results of the participating students using the pre-test and post-test methodology; 2) to find out the cognitive load it produces in the participating students and 3) to analyze the relationships between the different types of cognitive load.

Methodology
It has a quantitative approach, with a quasi-experimental design using the pre-test-post-test technique. It was carried out between May and July 2024 and consists of a non-probabilistic sample (N = 45). In addition, the student’s cognitive load was measured when interacting with the AR object, in its three types: internal, external, and relevant.

Results
When comparing the results of the pre-test and post-test, we obtained average values of 3.84 with a high level of variability and 4.75, with less dispersion in the answers. On the other hand, the cognitive load instrument shows high levels of internal consistency with 0.93 for the total instrument. The strongest correlation, 0.93, was obtained between external cognitive load and mental effort invested.

Conclusions
The hypothesis has been tested: participating students have better learning outcomes about hurricanes (tropical cyclones) after interacting with the learning object in AR format.
Borders, Citizenship, and Global Inequality: What Barriers, Pushbacks, and Passport Controls Reveal About Our Understanding of the Equality of Humankind
Authors: Towfigh Emanuel V. , Weyl Niklas T. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Borders are ubiquitous. As invisible lines, they contribute to a functioning world order and guarantee security for the people. In the form of walls and fences, they divide society and establish strongholds of prosperity that are not accessible to everyone. A similar effect can be observed in connection with the concept of citizenship, which binds people fatefully to a particular territory and thus significantly determines an individual’s life chances. This article shows how borders and their protection as well as the concept of citizenship challenge fundamental ideas of justice and traces discourses that seek to evolve the current border and citizenship regimes into a more universal and just form of human coexistence.
High-repetition-rate strong-field terahertz source by optical rectification in DSTMS crystals
Authors: Zheng Zhuorui , Wang Kang , Li Hongyang , Meng Xianze , Tian Ye , Song Liwei 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We present the generation of high-repetition-rate strong-field terahertz (THz) pulses from a thin 4-N,N-dimethylamino-4’-N’-methyl-stilbazolium 2,4,6-trimethylbenzenesulfonate (DSTMS) organic crystal pumped by an ytterbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet laser. The generated THz pulse energy reaches 932.8 nJ at 1 kHz repetition rate, with a conversion efficiency of 0.19% and a peak electric field of 819 kV/cm. At a repetition rate of 10 kHz, it is able to maintain a peak electric field of 236 kV/cm and an average THz power of 0.77 mW. The high-repetition-rate, strong-field THz source provides a convenient tool for the study of THz matter manipulation and THz spectroscopy.
A Speechless Monarch: Early China’s Battle for Intellectual Authority
Authors: Pines Yuri 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Although the earliest political text from early China, namely the Canon of Documents, comprises speeches attributed to ancient kings, for most of the Eastern Zhou period (770–255 BCE) monarchs remained conspicuously silent. This article surveys the instances of the rulers’ speeches in major historical collections and a sample of philosophical texts from the Warring States period. I demonstrate that the rulers’ voice in these texts is overwhelmingly confined to short questions, approval of proposed policies, or other insignificant uttering. I argue that this silence was deliberately built into the texts by their composers, so as to preserve the intellectual authority in the hands of the educated elite. It was only with the imperial unification of 221 BCE and the dramatic change in the balance of power between the emperors and the intellectuals that the royal speech regained its prominence and political importance.
Сircinaria ucrainica sp. nov., a new species from sand dunes of the Lower Dnipro valley (Ukraine)
Authors: Khodosovtsev Alexander , Darmostuk Valerii , Dembicz Iwona , Dengler Jürgen , Moysiyenko Ivan , Kuzemko Anna 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDuring a recent expedition of the Eurasian Dry Grassland Group in the steppes of southern Ukraine, we discovered on sand dunes a new sterile crustose aspicilioid lichen with rhizomorphs. It is described here as new to science under the name Circinaria ucrainica (Megasporaceae). The new combination Circinaria reptans (Looman) Khodos. & Darmostuk is also proposed. Circinaria ucrainica is characterized by small grey areoles with a net of dark grey to brownish spicate prothalline tips and pale rhizomorphs. According to the phylogenetic analysis, the new species is closely related to the terricolous Circinaria reptans, but the latter has thicker rhizomorphs of 200–400 μm diameter, finely developed areoles and lacks spicate prothalline tips. Furthermore, we discuss the differences between the new species and other morphologically similar species with rhizomorphs, such as Aspicilia spicata, Circinaria crespiana and C. reptans. The ecological characters of soil and vegetation, including vascular plants, bryophytes and lichens, are provided for the habitat of C. ucrainica.