bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DeepTRIAGE: Interpretable and Individualised Biomarker Scores using Attention Mechanism for the Classification of Breast Cancer Sub-types
Authors: Beykikhoshk Adham , Quinn Thomas P. , Lee Samuel C. , Tran Truyen , Venkatesh Svetha 
Published: January 2019

AbstractMotivationBreast cancer is a collection of multiple tissue pathologies, each with a distinct molecular signature that correlates with patient prognosis and response to therapy. Accurately differentiating between breast cancer sub-types is an important part of clinical decision-making. Already, this problem has been addressed using machine learning methods that separate tissue samples into distinct groups. However, there remains unexplained heterogeneity within the established sub-types that cannot be resolved by the commonly used classification algorithms. In this paper, we propose a novel deep learning architecture, calledDeepTRIAGE(Deep learning for the TRactable Individualised Analysis of Gene Expression), which not only classifies cancer sub-types with comparable accuracy, but simultaneously assigns each patient their own set of interpretable and individualised biomarker scores. These personalised scores describe how important each feature is in the classification of each patient, and can be analysed post-hoc to generate new hypotheses about intra-class heterogeneity.ResultsWe apply theDeepTRIAGEframework to classify the gene expression signatures of luminal A and luminal B breast cancer sub-types, and illustrate its use for genes and gene set (i.e., GO and KEGG) features. Using DeepTRIAGE, we find that the GINS1 gene and the kinetochore organisation GO term are the most important features for luminal sub-type classification. Through classification,DeepTRIAGEsimultaneously reveals heterogeneity within the luminal A biomarker scores that significantly associate with tumour stage, placing all luminal samples along a continuum of severity.Availability and implementationThe proposed model is implemented in Python using Py-Torch framework. The analysis is done in Python and R. All Methods and models are freely available fromhttps://github.com/adham/BiomarkerAttend.
Distinct functional classes of excitatory neurons in mouse V1 are differentially modulated by learning and task engagement
Authors: Wekselblatt Joseph B. , Niell Cristopher M. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractLearning can cause significant changes in neural responses to relevant stimuli, in addition to modulation due to task engagement. However, it is not known how different functional types of excitatory neurons contribute to these changes. To address this gap, we performed two-photon calcium imaging of excitatory neurons in layer 2/3 of mouse primary visual cortex before and after learning of a visual discrimination. We found that excitatory neurons show striking diversity in the temporal dynamics of their response to visual stimuli during the behavior, and based on this we classified them into transient, sustained, and suppressed groups. Notably, these functionally defined cell classes exhibit different visual stimulus selectivity and modulation by locomotion, and were differentially affected by training condition. In particular, we observed a decrease in the number of transient neurons responsive during behavior after learning, while both transient and sustained cells showed an increase in modulation due to task engagement after learning. The identification of functional diversity within the excitatory population, with distinct changes during learning and task engagement, provides insight into the cortical pathways that allow context-dependent neural representations.
Activity of Selected Nucleoside Analogue ProTides against Zika Virus in Human Neural Stem Cells
Authors: Bernatchez Jean A. , Coste Michael , Beck Sungjun , Wells Grace A. , Luna Lucas A. , Clark Alex E. , Zhu Zhe , Sohl Christal D. , Purse Byron W. , Siqueira-Neto Jair L. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractZika virus (ZIKV), an emerging flavivirus which causes neurodevelopmental impairment to fetuses and has been linked to Guillain-Barré syndrome, continues to threaten global health due to the absence of targeted prophylaxis or treatment. Nucleoside analogues are good examples of efficient anti-viral inhibitors, and prodrug strategies using phosphate masking groups (ProTides) have been employed to improve the bioavailability of ribonucleoside analogues. Here, we synthesized and tested a library of 13 ProTides against ZIKV in human neural stem cells. Strong activity was observed for 2′-C-methyluridine and 2′-C-ethynyluridine ProTides with an aryloxyl phosphoramidate masking group. Conversion of the aryloxyl phosphoramidate ProTide group of 2′-C-methyluridine to a 2-(methylthio)ethyl phosphoramidate completely abolished antiviral activity of the compound. The aryloxyl phosphoramidate ProTide of 2′-C-methyluridine outperformed the hepatitis C virus (HCV) drug sofosbuvir in suppression of viral titers and protection from cytopathic effect, while the former compound’s triphosphate active metabolite was better incorporated by purified ZIKV NS5 polymerase over time. Molecular superpositioning revealed different orientations of residues opposite the 2′-fluoro group of sofosbuvir. These findings suggest both a nucleobase and ProTide group bias for the anti-ZIKV activity of nucleoside analogue ProTides in a disease-relevant cell model.
Community-based Sero-prevalence of Hepatitis B and C Infections in South Omo Zone, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Endale Adugna , Erku Woldearegay , Medhin Girmay , Berhe Nega , Legesse Mengistu 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackgroundHepatitis B Virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) are the leading causes of liver-related morbidity and mortality throughout the world. The magnitude of HBV and HCV infections in Ethiopia has not been well studied at community level. This study aimed at investigating the sero-prevalence and associated risk factors of HBV and HCV among HBV unvaccinated community members in South Omo Zone, Southern Ethiopia.MethodsA community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in three districts from March to May 2018. Structured questionnaire was used to collect relevant clinical and socio-demographic data. Three milliliter of blood sample was collected from each study participant and screened for HBV and HCV using one step hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) test strip and one step HCV test strip, respectively. Samples found positive for HBsAg were further tested using immunoassay of Alere DetermineTMHBsAg (Alere Inc., USA). Data was analyzed using SPSS version 25.0.ResultsA total of 625 (51.4% males, age 6-80 years, mean age ± SD = 30.83 ± 13.51 years) individuals participated in the study. The sero-prevalence for HBV infection was 8.0% as detected using one step HBsAg test strip, while it was 7.2% using Alere DetermineTMHBsAg test. The sero-prevalence for HCV infection was 1.9%. Two (0.3%) of the participants were seropositive for both HBV and HCV infections. High sero-prevalence for HBV infection was associated with weakness and fatigue (AOR = 5.20; 95% CI: 1.58, 17.15), while high sero-prevalence of HCV infection was associated with age group between 46 and 65 years (AOR = 13.02; 95% CI: 1.11, 152.41).Conclusionthis study revealed higher-intermediate endemicity level of HBV infection and low to intermediate endemicity level of HCV infection in the study area. Clinical symptoms like weakness and fatigue were found to be indictors for HBV infection, while individuals in the age group between 46 and 65 years were at higher risk for HCV infection. Provision of community-based health education, vaccination, mass screening and providing treatment would have utmost importance in reducing the transmission of these diseases in the present study area.
Identification and evaluation of determinants of competitiveness in the Indian auto-component industry
Authors: Tambade Hemantkumar , Singh Rohit Kr , Modgil Sachin 
Published: January 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to identify dimensions of competitiveness, factors affecting the competitiveness and building the framework of competitiveness for the Indian auto-component industry and further develop and validate a survey instrument based on the identified factors.

Design/methodology/approach
Dimensions of competitiveness and factors affecting it are extracted out after extensive literature review. A theoretical framework is developed using these factors. A survey instrument is developed based on the theoretical framework and validated through a pilot survey.

Findings
In total, 30 variables are found to be reliable in establishing the potential indicators of competitiveness. There are three significant contributions to the theory of competitiveness. It provides a theoretical framework of competitiveness to address the current market conditions of volatility. Second, it incorporates the dimensions like supply chain management, presence of global value chains and employee empowerment. Third, it clearly identifies the dimensions of competitiveness relevant in current context, like ethical behavior of firms, protection of intellectual property and innovation.

Practical implications
The proposed approach provides a good basis for assessing the competitive performance of the companies. This can help researchers and practitioners in deciding how to improve the competitiveness of a company.

Originality/value
The research proposes a theoretical framework for measuring the competitiveness of firms from a specific industry. This study indicates the factors affecting the competitiveness of Indian auto-component industry. The findings can be useful for both researchers and practitioners.
Key ingredients for evaluating Industry 4.0 readiness for organizations: a literature review
Authors: Sony Michael , Naik Subhash 
Published: January 2019

Purpose
Industry 4.0 is the present trend in automation and data exchange in organizations. However, till today, there is no generic and common understanding in terms of assessing the Industry 4.0 readiness for organizations. The purpose of this paper is to identify the key ingredients for assessing Industry 4.0 readiness for organizations, the interrelationships that exist between these readiness factors and how future research should proceed given the research findings.

Design/methodology/approach
A systematic literature review (SLR) methodology of Tranfield et al. (2003) was employed to ensure the replicability and transparency of the review process. Altogether, 68 articles were identified for the final thematic analysis.

Findings
The SLR results generated six broad themes of readiness factors. The interrelationship mechanism between these factors was identified. In addition, 17 research propositions were elucidated.

Research limitations/implications
Being the first literature review on assessing Industry 4.0 readiness for organizations, it finds 17 research propositions which will give the future researchers a guideline for further research in Industry 4.0.

Practical implications
Although Industry 4.0 is the buzzword, very few organizations understand the concept in detail. This paper will help the organizations to identify the factors which they have to asses critically before implementing Industry 4.0 in an organization.

Originality/value
Nevertheless, there has been a lot of research on Industry 4.0; this is the first systematic literature to identify the key ingredients for assessing Industry 4.0 readiness for organizations.
Role of resource slack in rapid international expansion of restaurant companies
Authors: Vaughan Yue , Koh Yoon 
Published: January 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between rapid internationalization and firm value in US restaurant companies. This study also identified the moderating role of available slack, potential slack and recoverable slack on the relationship of rapid internationalization and the firm’s value.Design/methodology/approachA hierarchical regression analysis with panel fixed effects was used in this study. Samples were drawn from publicly traded US restaurant companies, and span from 1993 to 2016 with 264 firm-year observations was used for the study’s analysis.FindingsDrawing on Penrose’s seminal theory of firm-growth that a firm needs excess resources to grow and that the amount of slack resources directly influences a firm’s international growth, this study found that available slack alleviates the negative impact of rapid international expansion in achieving higher firm value.Originality/valueThis study is one of the few analyses that examined thespeedof rapid international expansion in the service context. In addition, this study contributes to existing literature by examining three different slack resources with regards to the speed of international expansion. The findings of this study shed light on restaurant companies whose financial resources are critical for value-adding international expansion.
The impact of employee conspicuous consumption cue and physical attractiveness on consumers’ behavioral responses to service failures
Authors: Wu Laurie , So Kevin Kam Fung , Xiong Lina , King Ceridwyn 
Published: January 2019

PurposeThere is a growing trend that hospitality brands are allowing employees to personalize their workplace display. Following this trend in practice, this paper aims to examine the influence of employees’ conspicuous consumption cues (ECCCs) on consumer responses toward service failures in luxury dining.Design/methodology/approachTwo experiments were conducted. Study 1 adopted a 2 (ECCC: present vs absent) × 2 (employee physical attractiveness: control vs high) between-subject experiment to test the effect of ECCCs in interactional service failures. Study 2 tested the hypotheses in core service failures.FindingsThe results of Study 1 indicate that the presence of ECCCs lowers consumers’ negative behavioral intentions in interactional service failures when employees are highly attractive. When employees’ attractiveness is not distinctive, however, ECCCs lead to higher levels of negative behavioral intentions. Mediation test results demonstrate that perceived employee service competence drives this effect. Results of Study 2 show that the joint effect of ECCCs and physical attractiveness is attenuated when core service failures are not attributable to the service employee.Research limitations/implicationsExtending previous research, this study reveals the impact of employees’ physical characteristics on consumers’ post-failure responses. In addition, the effect of ECCCs on consumers’ post-failure responses was driven by the psychological process of perceived competence.Practical implicationsFindings of this research emphasize the importance for hospitality brands to practice tight control over employee esthetics. For hospitality brands that embrace individuality in the workplace, results of this research highlight the importance of service training in customer interactions.Originality/valueThis research examines an underexplored phenomenon in the hospitality service setting: employees’ display of conspicuous consumption cues and its impact on consumers’ responses to service failures.
Testing an attribute-benefit-value-intention (ABVI) model of local food consumption as perceived by foreign tourists
Authors: Kim Seongseop (Sam) , Choe Ja Young (Jacey) 
Published: January 2019

Purpose
This study aims to examine the attribute-benefit-value-intention (ABVI) model of local food consumption as perceived by foreign tourists. The model was designed to test the structural relationships between local food attributes, perceived benefits, consumption value and behavioral intentions.

Design/methodology/approach
The structural relationships of foreign tourists’ perceptions of local food consumption were conceptualized, and hypotheses were proposed. The main survey was conducted using a large sample of 1,323 tourists in Hong Kong.

Findings
“Food quality”, “food novelty” and “restaurant quality” significantly affected “emotional” and “epistemic benefit”. “Emotional benefit” had a significant effect on “consumption value” and “behavioral intention”, while “epistemic benefit” only influenced “consumption value”.

Practical implications
Local food marketers and DMOs need to promote the product features that are relevant to tourists’ benefits. Restaurant marketers need to develop distinctive strategies for tourists from different national backgrounds.

Originality/value
This study proposed and empirically tested a new model of tourists’ local food consumption, including two benefits, consumption value and behavioral intention.
Work demand, stress and work-related musculoskeletal disorders among emergency workers
Authors: Kodom-Wiredu Justice Kwabena 
Published: January 2019

PurposeThe demanding nature of firefighting exposes firefighters to unprecedented work stress and work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs). Even though relationships among work demand, work stress and WMSDs have been examined, the mediating role of work stress in the relationship between work demand and WMSDs requires more attention, particularly among emergency workers. The purpose of this paper is to therefore assess the mediation role of firefighters’ work stress in the pathway of work demand and WMSDs.Design/methodology/approachA quantitative research design was used. Convenient sampling was employed to select 320 firefighters from the Greater Accra region of Ghana. Data were analyzed using descriptive, correlation and regression.FindingsThe findings revealed that work demand and stress significantly affect WMSDs. Also, work demand has a significant positive effect on work stress. It was further found that work stress partially mediates the relationship between work demand and WMSDs.Research limitations/implicationsThe usage of cross-sectional data limits the strength of causality and observation of changes within units of observation over time, hence the need to use longitudinal data in future studies.Originality/valueThe novelty of this study lies in the revelation of the influence of stress in the pathway of work demand and WMSDs among emergency professionals, using an African lens.
Determination of individuals’ life satisfaction levels living in Turkey by FMCDM methods
Authors: Yapıcı Pehlivan Nimet , Gürsoy Zeynep 
Published: January 2019

Purpose
This study aims to determine the ranking of the 81 provinces at the NUTS-3 level in Turkey with respect to the personal satisfaction and public services satisfaction by applying Fuzzy Multi-Criteria Decision-Making methods to the Life Satisfaction Survey Results.

Design/methodology/approach
Fuzzy TOPSIS, Fuzzy MULTIMOORA and Fuzzy ARAS are implemented to assess life satisfaction of the individuals who lived in provinces, based on Life Satisfaction Survey 2013 for Turkey’s national comparison. In the solution process, 14 indicators for personal satisfaction and 38 indicators for public services satisfaction were considered.

Findings
The results showed that personal health satisfaction, earnings from work satisfaction and monthly income satisfaction are the most important criteria in terms of personal satisfaction. Also, healthcare services satisfaction, judicial services satisfaction and education services satisfaction have the highest importance in terms of public services satisfaction. The final ranking of the 81 provinces is obtained by considered methods. According to the ranking results, there is no significant difference between the east and the west part of Turkey in terms of personal satisfaction, whereas there is a distinct difference between them in terms of satisfaction with public services.

Originality/value
This study is the first research for evaluating the ranking of the provinces at the NUTS-3 level in Turkey according to the Life Satisfaction Survey 2013 results considering 14 indicators for personal satisfaction and 38 indicators for public services satisfaction by using FMCDM approaches that have not been applied before.
Design requirements on the integration of technology databases
Authors: Masior Jonathan 
Published: January 2019

Purpose
The effective management and reuse of knowledge in the early product development supports the early identification of high potential technologies, reduces barriers of accessing them and ensures technology leadership. Until now, technology databases were only a means of communicating knowledge on innovations. The purpose of this study is to analyse the design of technology databases with a processual integration into research and development. It is a concept for companies to collaboratively and effectively develop and adapt innovative technologies.

Design/methodology/approach
In the Design4Energy project, an interdisciplinary, inter-divisional project team, including information and communications technology managers, engineers and energy experts, developed an architectural concept and use cases of a system to integrate the technology life cycle into the building creation process. Eventually, the stakeholders evaluated the system in industrial applications.

Findings
This research reveals that the developed system supports the collaboration between professionals in the design stage. Along the development and implementation of the system, the main success factors result in four design principles: effective and efficient design, basic functionalities supporting technology adaption, interoperability and integration into the processes and organization.

Practical implications
The results deal with the interoperability in early phases of product development and guide through the methodological design of technology databases. Transparent design requirements based on real case learnings increase system applicability and data consistency.

Originality/value
The work guides the methodology, process integration and IT architecture of technology databases, which literature does not provide. Thus, it leads to decision reliability in technology management and implies the success factors for living databases.