bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Two dimensional computational model of calcium and IP3 interacting system dynamics in an obese hepatocyte cell
Authors: Mishra Vedika , Adlakha Neeru 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Calcium ion (Ca2+) signaling is crucial in regulating numerous cellular processes vital for preserving structural integrity and functional equilibrium across diverse cell types. Both the calcium stores and mitochondria play significant roles in this signaling pathway. The calcium source may be in the form of a blip or a puff depending on the various conditions of the cellular systems. The one dimensional model of calcium dynamics with IP3 gives crucial insight of feedback mechanisms influencing calcium homeostasis. In order to obtain deeper insights of local impacts of various mechanisms and feedbacks in hepatocyte cell, it is necessary to develop the models in higher dimensions. In order to get more deeper insights, two dimensional model is proposed assuming the phenomena to be uniform along z dimension. This research presents a two-dimensional computational model to analyse the interactive system dynamics of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) and Ca2+, aiming to assess how these signaling patterns influence hepatocyte functionality which allows to incorporate puff type of calcium source under both obese and normal physiological states. It further examines the implications of calcium signaling on NADH synthesis, ATP production, and degradation rates. Numerical simulations are executed utilising the Crank-Nicolson method for temporal analysis and the Linear Finite Element Method for spatial analysis. Additionally, the study conducts a comparative analysis of calcium signaling between obese and normal hepatocyte. The findings offer enhanced insights into the interactive system dynamics of IP3 and Ca2+ in hepatocytes, elucidating the effects of various parameter alterations on cellular behaviour in both states.
100% humidity independent PTR-MS: Novel method and proof-of-concept*
Authors: Winkler Klaus , Gutmann Rene , Mauracher Andreas , Rosenkranz Bea , Märk Lukas , Sulzer Philipp 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
It has been well-known and studied that the quantification of various compounds with Proton-Transfer-Reaction—Mass Spectrometry (PTR-MS) is dependent on the sample gas humidity. For example, if the formaldehyde concentration in outdoor air remains constant, but the weather and thus the humidity changes, the measured signal intensity for protonated formaldehyde will change. Established countermeasures against this effect include labor-intensive calibrations at different humidity levels and subsequent data correction, the use of filters or membranes to dry the sample air, which will also trap analytes of interest, and the introduction of excessive amounts of humidity into the PTR reaction region to reduce the relative but not the absolute humidity changes caused by the sample gas, which alters the well-defined ion chemistry and again limits quantification accuracy. Here, we present a novel solution to the humidity dependence problem that comes virtually without any drawbacks, does not require any additional labor by the user, and does not diminish analytes of condensable nature. A target humidity for the PTR reaction region is chosen before the actual measurement. Via the controlled injection of water vapor into the reaction region, the humidity is kept constant throughout the analysis, independent of the sample gas constitution. Therefore, it can be excluded that any changes in the acquired ion signal intensities are artifacts caused by changing sample humidity, and, if required, calibration measurements only have to be performed at one humidity level. We introduce the instrumental adaption necessary for using the novel method and subsequently present proof-of-concept results of measurements in a laboratory, as well as in a ‘real-life’ environment, utilizing two different PTR-MS instruments.
Thickness-dependent magnetic property of FeNi thin film grown on flexible graphene substrate
Authors: Zhan 詹 Suixin 遂鑫 , Yuan 袁 Shaokang 少康 , Bai 白 Yuming 宇明 , Liu 刘 Fu 福 , Zhang 张 Bohan 博涵 , Han 韩 Weijia 卫家 , Wang 王 Tao 韬 , Wang 汪 Shengxiang 胜祥 , Zhou 周 Cai 偲 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Electronics over flexible substrates offer advantages of flexibility, portability and low cost, and promising applications in the areas of energy, information, defense science and medical service. In recent years, tremendous progress has been witnessed in the development of flexible wearable devices that can be potentially massively deployed. Of particular interest are intelligent wearable devices, such as sensors and storage cells, which can be integrated by flexible magnetoelectronic devices based on magnetic thin films. To examine this further, the magnetic properties of FeNi thin films with different thicknesses grown on flexible graphene substrate are investigated at room temperature. The coercivity increases with increasing thicknesses of FeNi thin film, which can be attributed to the increase of grain size and decrease of surface roughness. Moreover, the thickness modulated magnetic property shows a magnetic anisotropy shift increase with varying thicknesses of FeNi thin film by using measurements based on ferromagnetic resonance, which further enhances the resonance frequency. In addition, the resonance peak is quite stable after bending it for ten cycles. The result is promising for the future design of flexible magnetoelectronic devices.
Precise constraint on properties of neutron stars through new universal relations and astronomical observations
Authors: Wu Zehan , Wen Dehua 文德华 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In view of the great uncertainty of the equation of state (EOS) of high-density nuclear matter, establishing EOS-independent universal relations between global properties of neutron stars provides a practical way to constrain the unobservable or difficult-to-observe properties through astronomical observations. It is common to construct universal relations between EOS-dependent properties (e.g., moment of inertia, tidal deformation, etc.) or combined properties (e.g., compactness). Improving the precision of the universal relations may provide stricter constraint on the properties of neutron star. We find that in 3-dimensional space with mass and radius as the base coordinates, the points corresponding to a certain property of neutron star described by different EOSs are almost located in the same surface. Thus the universal relation between the property and the stellar mass-radius can be expressed through describing the surface.&#xD; It is shown that the resulting universal relations have higher precisions. As an example, we construct high-precision universal relations for the moment of inertia, the $f$-mode frequency, and the dimensionless tidal deformation respect to the mass-radius. As the observational data of neutron star mass and radius from NICER grows in data and accuracy, these universal relations allow for more precise constraints on the unobservable or difficult-to-observe properties.
A Special Kind of Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejection
Authors: Feng H. Q. , Zhao Y. , Zhao G. Q. , Li H. B. , Xiang L. , Wang J. M. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
It is generally believed that coronal mass ejections (CMEs) have magnetic flux rope structures because of their helical shapes. However, only about 30%–40% of interplanetary CMEs (ICMEs) have a local magnetic flux rope structure. The usual explanations are that the spacecraft only crossed the flank of the ropes and failed to detect the complete magnetic flux rope structure or that some processes destroyed these magnetic flux rope structures. Several studies suggest that some ICMEs inherently possess disordered magnetic fields and consequently exhibit no magnetic flux-rope structures. We introduce a special kind of ICME which has a low magnetic field magnitude and stable magnetic field direction, relatively fast expansion speed, and lower proton temperature and density. All three of the measured magnetic field components are relatively stable. We want to know whether these ICMEs also have magnetic flux rope structures or not. We identified 20 special ICMEs and analyzed their evolution based on their observed characteristics. We took a special ICME as an example, which had an apparent rope configuration at 1 au but evolved to a special ICME at 5.4 au, to illustrate that this kind of ICME could come from magnetic clouds (MCs) whose rope structure had been being stretched due to expansion. We inferred that the missing obvious flux rope structure may be due to the expansion of MCs, not the flank crossing effect. However, more than 50% of the events were associated with the dominant x-component of the magnetic field, which indicates a leg crossing. Therefore, the detection of part of these special ICMEs may also be the result of the leg-crossing effect.
Quantum Neutron Scattering — Feynman Paths Information, Weak Values and Intensity Deficit Effect
Authors: Aris Chatzidimitriou-Dreismann C. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The conventional theory of non-relativistic neutron beam scattering from many-body systems treats the beam essentially as a classical system, because the neutron dynamical variables are captured in the main theoretical formulas (e.g. time-correlation functions) not as quantum mechanical operators but as c-numbers only. This simplification results in the full decoupling of the probe particles’ dynamics from the quantum dynamics of the scatterer. Further, neutrons’ wavefunctions are represented with plane waves, and thus the concept of neutron’s finite coherence length in momentum space becomes irrelevant. Making contact with modern quantum theoretical approaches (e.g., quantum entanglement, Feynman paths, “which-path information” versus interference, Weak Values theory) new observable effects of non-relativistic quantum beam scattering may be exposed and/or predicted, such as a surprising intensity deficit in neutron Compton scattering (NCS) of epithermal neutrons from protons of H-containing materials. Here, the NCS-intensity deficit observed in scattering from liquid C6H6 is discussed and interpreted from first principles, in the general frame of Weak Values theory. Moreover, based on Feynman’s didactical argument that there isn’t any interference between distinguishable neutron paths, we show that this NCS-effect cannot be interpreted as being caused by destructive interference of neutron paths scattered from entangled (two or a few) protons, as was earlier proposed by some authors.
Protective Ni composite film on Cu prepared by inverse-replacement reaction
Authors: Liu Ying , Xing Xirui , Li Deyu , Li Ning , Xia Fangquan , Tian Dong 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In high concentrated thiourea solution, Ni composite film was directly deposited onto Cu via inverse-replacement reaction of Ni2+ by Cu. Significantly, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy further demonstrated that the Ni composite film was Ni-S alloy doped with thiourea and Cu2O. Traces of thiourea and the doping of Cu2O in the film should play a promotional role in the improvement of anti-corrosion performance. Therefore, electrochemical measurements and high-temperature oxidation test indicated that the Ni composite film could be a cost-effective and efficiently anti-corrosion coating on the Cu substrate with sufficiently high corrosion resistance.
Composite energetic materials constructed by metal nitrates and nitro-substituted polymers
Authors: Shi Yiran , Wu Ruifeng 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The structure of porous polymer materials with high specific surface area can be designed in advance, and be functionalized by modification to realize their application in specific fields. To expand the application of porous polymers in the field of energetic materials, in this paper, biphenyl-dichlorobenzyl homopolymers (Bhp) were synthesized using dichloroethane as the solvent, anhydrous ferric chloride as the catalyst. The best surface area of the polymers obtained is 3068 m2/g. By the nitration of Bhp with mixed sulfuric and nitric acids, the nitro-substituted polymers (NBhp) was synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis and IR spectra. Different kinds of transition metal (Fe, Co, Ni, Cu) nitrates were loaded on the NBhp by impregnation method. The thermal decompositions of the composite energetic materials (CEMs) have been carried out through DSC and TG-DTG analyzes at a heating rate of 10°C/min. The results indicate that the CEMs have high heat-resistant stability. The thermal decomposition mechanism of the composite CuNBhp shows that the rapid thermal decomposition of NBhp can occur at lower temperatures, accompanied by the decomposition of metal nitrate, and the final decomposition products are metal oxides.
Comparative applicability of strength of materials approach to laminated composites with glass and carbon fibre prepregs
Authors: Patra A K , Silip M , B Grismitha , Subagia I D G 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Laminated composites are used in various fields for excellent properties. Study of their failure characteristics is essential in engineering. Applicability of strength of materials (SOM) approach in analysing failures and designing laminated composites with glass and carbon prepregs have been investigated through computational method. Glass fibre (GF) and carbon fibre (CF) prepreg reinforced polymeric laminas were modelled and analysed under tensile load with fixed-free boundary conditions applied at two ends. Unidirectional (UD) fibre was chosen for UD laminas form the mathematical foundation of all laminated composite analyses. Tensile loads of 1N to 5N were applied at free end with an increment of 1N. In both cases, deflections and strains were non-uniform along the length, maximum near loading-point while reducing towards the fixed end in a stepped manner. This characteristic of laminated composite is different from that of conventional materials like steel or aluminium in which uniform stress and strain is assumed throughout the length in applying SOM approach. It indicates that although SOM approach is essential for some important components design, is not sufficient for analysis and design of GF or CF prepreg reinforced laminated composite components and demands for different approach for analysis and design of such composite parts.
Analysis and correction of crosstalk in the side-on transition radiation detector prototype for HERD
Authors: Yang Yan , Liu Hongbang , Liu Xiwen , Dai Cong , Hu Huijun , Feng Huanbo , Huang Zengxuan , Dong Yongwei , Liang Enwei 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The side-on Transition Radiation Detector (TRD) is an
essential component of the High Energy cosmic-Radiation Detection
(HERD) facility aboard the China Space Station (CSS). Utilizing the
proportional correlation between the Lorentz factor γ and
Transition Radiation (TR) intensity, the side-on TRD collaborates
with the HERD calorimeter for cross-calibration in the TeV energy
range while orbiting. This paper focuses on analyzing and correcting
signal crosstalk in the side-on TRD prototype. A signal caused by
crosstalk, referred to as the “reversed polarity signal”, affects
the particle signal and biases the prototype's energy
measurement. To address the issue of energy deviation and select the
most suitable capacitance for the prototype to correct crosstalk, we
analyze the source of the reversed polarity signal and the
effectiveness of adding a decoupling capacitor to the voltage
divider circuit. Additionally, we use a combination of simulation
and experimentation to investigate the specific relationship between
the reversed polarity signal and the decoupling capacitance. The
comparison between the simulation results and the experimental
results show consistent trends. Measured energy spectra shows that
correcting crosstalk eliminates a maximum measurement deviation of
approximately 10.79% in the prototype. Following this correction,
the side-on TRD prototype completed beam experiments in 2022.
Pollution haven hypothesis and EKC dynamics: moderating effect of FDI. A study in Shanghai Cooperation Organization countries
Authors: Kumar Parveen , Radulescu Magdalena , Sharma Hemlata , Belascu Lucian , Serbu Razvan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the nexus between economic growth and environmental degradation, with a specific focus on carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. It leverages a dataset spanning from 1991 to 2021, encompassing all 12 member nations of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO). The investigation includes a wide array of statistical examinations, such as stationarity tests, cross-section dependence, and co-integration analysis. The Johansen Fisher Panel co-integration test is employed to reveal long-term correlations between the variables. Furthermore, the paper adopts the Dumitrescu and Hurlin panel causality model, which accommodates variations in causal relationships across different countries. Additionally, the study analyses the asymmetric impact of GDP on carbon emissions across various quantiles using quantile regression. The findings of this research yield valuable insights, highlighting a significant positive correlation between GDP and CO2 emissions, suggesting that higher income levels are associated with greater pollution. However, the paper also illuminates more intricate scenarios, such as those characterized by inverted U-shaped and N-shaped Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) patterns, revealed through DOLS estimations. These estimations consider FDI, inflation, and industrialization as control variables. This research delves into the Pollution Haven Hypothesis and examines the interaction effects of FDI with other considered variables. These insights contribute to a deeper understanding of the complex dynamics between economic growth and environmental impact within the SCO member nations.
Prediction of automotive response using supervised machine learning in antilock braking systems and comparison with different models for improved vehicle safety
Authors: Gunjate Shital Suresh , Khot Sanjay A 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Previous research on predicting automotive response in antilock braking systems faced several common drawbacks. Limited availability of high-quality datasets and computational constraints hindered the models’ ability to generalize and perform effectively in real-time. Additionally, integrating these models into existing vehicle systems is challenging, often requiring extensive calibration and testing to ensure reliability and safety. This study focuses on enhancing automotive safety through the integration of machine learning with advanced braking systems. An antilock braking system model is developed using MATLAB, accounting for key parameters such as speed, mass, wheel radius, and moment of inertia. Various probability ranges are simulated to evaluate the system’s real-time response in dynamic environments. A supervised machine learning approach is applied, with lasso regression used for model validation. Braking response was evaluated at three speeds: 25 km h−1, 45 km h−1, and 65 km h−1. To assess model accuracy, error analysis was conducted using metrics such as mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), mean absolute error (MAE), root mean squared error (RMSE), and mean squared error (MSE). Results showed a significant improvement in prediction accuracy, with MAPE reduced to 3.2%, MAE to 0.15 s, RMSE to 0.25 s, and MSE to 0.06 s. A comparative analysis is done using the Python Jupyter Framework, further validating the findings. The machine learning model successfully forecasts braking response times, and validates its prediction against random datasets.
Probing coherence properties of shallow implanted NV ensembles under different oxygen terminations
Authors: Fuhrmann Jens , Lang Johannes , Scharpf Jochen , Striegler Nico , Unden Thomas , Neumann Philipp , Bansmann Joachim , Jelezko Fedor 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Nitrogen vacancy (NV) color centers in diamond have shown great potential for various applications in quantum technology due to their long coherence times, high sensitivity to magnetic fields and atomic scale resolution. However, one major challenge in utilizing near surface NV centers is the decoherence caused by spins and charges fluctuating on the surface, which affects the spin properties of the sensors. To reduce the induced noise, various oxygen surface treatments such as low power oxygen plasma treatment and annealing under oxygen atmosphere have been explored to terminate the diamond surface and reduce its impact on NV coherence. We showed that the NV center’s coherence time can be enhanced up to a factor of 3 over a large spectral range of noise. Double electron–electron resonance measurements revealed an extra source of decoherence, scaling similarly as the P1 spin bath. The improvement in coherence times is accompanied with an increase in measured ketone/ether content and reduction of sp2 signal in x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements. Finally we compared the performance of different NV ensembles and surface treatments for sensing external proton spins. The oxygen annealing is an effective procedure of enhancing the spin coherence times and reducing broad band spin noise experienced by shallow implanted ensemble NV centers in diamond.
Despair, Blurriness, and Change: Rebecca Harding Davis’s Implicit Relational Knowing
Authors: Davis Theo 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This essay uses attachment and dynamic systems theory to argue that qualities of confusion, despair, and failure in Rebecca Harding Davis’s work are aspects of the process of change. Looking at Margret Howth and her short fiction, especially “John Lamar,” it shows how Davis’s bleak attentions to motion and interaction contain aspects of the implicit relational knowing central to attachment relationships and how they shape her approach to race. In an ideological and aesthetic terrain that does not fall in line with liberal or sentimental approaches to progress, Davis pursues an aesthetic and ethic of attending to compromise, loss, and despair as the grounds of compassion.
Intimations of Empire: John Dos Passos Titles the U.S.A. Trilogy
Authors: Tydal Fredrik 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This article explores the titling process of John Dos Passos’s U.S.A. trilogy (1938), focusing on the striking title the author discarded at the last moment: “Course of Empire.” Through its allusions and associations, this previously unexamined working title constitutes an implicit critique of US imperialism, a thematic element that Dos Passos evidently saw as central to his novelistic project. Yet when the final decision drew close, he changed his mind, instead opting for a title that would cause the overall work to be regarded as a national epic. Examining the decision in its 1937 context, which saw Dos Passos cast into ideological crisis, I attribute the rejection of “Course of Empire” in favor of U.S.A. to the author’s well-known political shift. In the end, the choice of title was successful insofar as it allowed Dos Passos to continue championing the trilogy even as he turned conservative, rather than having to disavow it as a product of his younger, radical self. But while its title made the work easier to canonize, it also softened its sharp edge.