bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Complications in the Management of Acute Achilles Tendon Rupture: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis of 2060 Patients
Authors: Wu Yahong , Mu Yuan , Yin Liangjun , Wang Zhuoqun , Liu Wenke , Wan Haimin 
Published: February 2019

Background:Acute Achilles tendon rupture (ATR) has increased in the past decade, and many new treatments and rehabilitation regimens have been introduced. But major complications in ATR management remain an unsolved problem.Purpose:To compare the risk of major complications of acute ATR after different combinations of treatments and rehabilitation regimens.Study Design:Systematic review and network meta-analysis.Method:The authors searched 4 databases (PubMed, Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Library) from the date of inception until February 2018 for articles in English. The authors considered randomized controlled trials comparing interventions and rehabilitation protocols for acute ATR and restricted (1) interventions to nonoperative treatment, minimally invasive surgery, and open surgery and (2) rehabilitation protocols to accelerated rehabilitation and early immobilization. Major complications were assessed—namely, rerupture, deep infection, and deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Only patients with primary acute ATR were considered. Quality assessment was performed with the Cochrane “risk of bias” tool. A series of additional tests were conducted to ensure the validity of the results.Results:Twenty-nine randomized controlled trials with 2060 patients were included in this Bayesian network meta-analysis. The mean incidence of overall major complications from all managements was 9.13% (median, 6.67%). The mean incidence rates of rerupture, deep infection, and DVT from all managements were 5%, 1.50%, and 2.67%, respectively. According to relative risk, nonoperative treatment combined with early immobilization was significantly associated with a higher risk of major complications. According to the surface under the cumulative ranking curve, minimally invasive surgery with accelerated rehabilitation had the highest possibility (79.7%) of being the best management with regard to minimizing major complications.Conclusion:For treating acute ATR, management combining minimally invasive surgery with accelerated rehabilitation had the highest possibility of being superior in terms of major complication risks, according to the surface under the cumulative ranking curve. Management combining nonoperative treatment with early immobilization was statistically associated with a higher risk of complications as compared with the other methods of management.
Post-Crisis Capital Controls in Developing and Emerging Countries: Regaining Policy Space? A Historical Materialist Engagement
Authors: Alami Ilias 
Published: February 2019

Recent political economy scholarship has interpreted the recent resurgence of capital controls across the Global South as attempts by some developing countries to preserve their policy space to pursue heterodox economic policies. This article critically engages with this literature and argues for the need to study capital controls in light of the social constitution and the class character of the capitalist state, money, and private capital flows. This argument is substantiated through a class analysis of the deployment of capital controls in Brazil from 1945 to 2014, which emphasizes the crucial role that capital controls have historically played in the reproduction of capitalist social relations and particular forms of class rule in Brazil. JEL Classification: F30, F32, F38, F54
Deinstitutionalization of the State and Violence in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Contribution to the Critique of the Neoinstitutionalist Analysis of Development
Authors: Lopez-Castellano Fernando , Manzanera-Ruiz Roser , Lizárraga Carmen 
Published: February 2019

In recent years, a euphoric shift has taken place, typified by the narrative of “Africa rising,” which attempts to promote the idea of an economically emerging continent. In the Afro-optimist discourse, the idea is implicit that the neoliberal narrative has triumphed. However, critical voices argue that the discourse ignores the political environment under which African growth has been produced. This article critically reflects on the explanations of the neoinstitutionalist approach to development, the historical process of state formation and colonization in Africa. Following the proposal of postcolonial theory, sovereignty, tax, and violence are analyzed. Finally, the contradictory policies of the neoliberal experiment are demonstrated, which are leading to the deinstitutionalization of the State and to violence. JEL Classification: F54, F63, E02, N17
Clinical features of cats diagnosed with coccidioidomycosis in Arizona, 2004–2018
Authors: Arbona Nichole , Butkiewicz Christine D , Keyes Minta , Shubitz Lisa F 
Published: February 2019

Objectives The goal of this study was to describe the clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment of coccidioidomycosis in cats residing in a region endemic for Coccidioides species. Methods A retrospective review of records was performed at both primary and tertiary care veterinary practices in Tucson and Phoenix, Arizona, USA. Data collected included signalment, clinical signs, physical examination findings, diagnostic test results, treatment and outcome. Results Fifty-one feline cases were identified from six veterinary hospitals. Cats presented with clinical signs and laboratory abnormalities similar to what has been seen in dogs, including respiratory illness (n = 20/51), neutrophilia (n = 24/31), monocytosis (n = 17/31) and hyperglobulinemia (n = 16/30). However, cats at diagnosis were typically significantly ill, with 31/51 having disseminated infection, most commonly to the skin (n = 22). Additionally, 43/44 cats that had serum antibody tests performed were positive, and median titer at diagnosis was 1:32 (range 1:4 to ⩾1:256). Serum antibody titers were significantly reduced ( P ⩽0.001) in cats that responded to treatment compared with cats that did not clinically improve. Forty of 46 cats that were treated with oral fluconazole responded and did not require additional therapy. Fourteen cats developed recurrent disease and all but one had antifungal therapy successfully reinstituted. Conclusions and relevance Coccidioidomycosis is a disease of concern for cats residing in the regions endemic for Coccidioides species. Disease is most often disseminated at the time of diagnosis, possibly due to delays in presentation for care and recognition of the infection. Suspicion of disease, serum chemistries, blood cell counts, presence of antibody and imaging aid in the diagnosis of coccidioidomycosis in cats. Serum antibody reduction during treatment frequently correlated with an adequate response to medication. Consideration of coccidioidomycosis as a cause of illness will lead to earlier diagnosis and potentially better treatment outcomes in cats.
Outcomes of radiocephalic fistula created by nephrologists
Authors: Prasad Narayan , Thammishetti Venkatesh , Bhadauria DS , Kaul Anupama , Sharma RK , Srivastava Aneesh , Gupta Amit 
Published: February 2019

Introduction: Arteriovenous fistula is considered as gold standard access for maintenance hemodialysis. Due to increasing burden of end-stage renal disease requiring dialysis, it is important for nephrologists to complement creation of arteriovenous fistula to meet the demand. Methods: This retrospective study was designed to assess the outcomes of arteriovenous fistula made by nephrologists at a tertiary care center from North India. The study included all radiocephalic arteriovenous fistula performed by nephrologists between November 2015 and January 2017. All arteriovenous fistulas were performed in patients whose duplex ultrasonography revealed both arterial and venous diameter of at least 2 mm. Data were collected with regard to age, gender, dialysis status, basic diseases, co-morbidities, and mineral bone disease parameters. The predictors of the primary and secondary patency rates were analyzed. Results: Five hundred patients (age 39.3 ± 14.4 years; 82.4% males; 21.6% diabetics) were included. In total, 83 (16.6%) patients had primary failure and 31 (7%) patients had secondary failure. Diabetes was associated with poor primary and secondary patency rates. Mean survival among the patients without primary failure was 11 months. The primary patency rates at 3, 6, 12, 18, and 21 months were 82%, 78%, 73%, 70%, and 70%, respectively. Conclusion: To conclude, the outcomes of radiocephalic arteriovenous fistulas created by nephrologists are at par with historic outcomes.
Making person-centred assessments
Authors: Symonds Jon , Miles Caroline , Steel Mike , Porter Sue , Williams Val 
Published: February 2019

Summary The social care assessment is a ‘key interaction’ between a person and the local authority with ‘critical’ importance for determining a person’s needs for care and support. In order to achieve this, the guidance requires that assessments must be ‘person-centred throughout’. The concept of person-centred practice is now routinely invoked, but there remains little empirical evidence on how it gets put into practice. Findings This paper draws on interview data from 30 practitioners about their experiences of conducting social care assessments in England. While there was widespread support for the principles of a person-centred approach, tensions emerged for practitioners in three ways: the way in which ‘chat’ was used to build a relationship or conduct the assessment, whether to conduct the assessment via a conversation or by following the sections on the agency form and the extent to which the assessor should involve and negotiate the contributions of family members. Applications We argue that each of these dilemmas represents an occasion when a commitment to person-centred practice is negotiated between professionals and service users and sometimes compromised as a result. We consider the possibilities for and constraints on achieving person-centred assessments in a post-Care Act environment and discuss the implications for social work practice and research.
Interactive 3D Reconstruction of Pulmonary Anatomy for Preoperative Planning, Virtual Simulation, and Intraoperative Guiding in Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Lung Surgery
Authors: Sardari Nia Peyman , Olsthoorn Jules R. , Heuts Samuel , Maessen Jos G. 
Published: February 2019

Objectives Routine imaging modalities combined with state-of-the-art reconstruction software can substantially improve preoperative planning and simplify complex procedure by enhancing the surgeon’s knowledge of the patient’s specific anatomy. The aim of the current study was to demonstrate the feasibility of interactive three-dimensional (3D) computed tomography (CT) reconstructions for preoperative planning and intraoperative guiding in video-assisted thoracoscopic lung surgery (VATS) with 3D vision. Methods Twenty-five consecutive patients referred for an anatomic pulmonary resection by a single surgeon were included. Data were collected prospectively. All patients underwent a CT angiography in the diagnostic pathway prior to referral. 3D reconstruction of the pulmonary anatomy was obtained from CT scans with dedicated software. An interactive PDF file of the 3D reconstruction with virtual resection was created, in which all the pulmonary structures could be individually selected. Furthermore, the reconstructions were used for intraoperative guiding on double monitor during VATS with 3D vision. Results In total, 26 procedures were performed for 5 benign and 21 malignant conditions. Lobectomy and segmentectomy were performed in 20 (76.9 %) and 6 (23.1%) cases, respectively. In all patients, preoperative 3D reconstruction of pulmonary vessels corresponded with the intraoperative findings. Reconstructions revealed anatomic variations in 4 (15.4%) patients. No conversion to thoracotomy or in-hospital mortality occurred. Conclusions Preoperative planning with interactive 3D CT reconstruction is a useful method to enhance the surgeon’s knowledge of the patient’s specific anatomy and to reveal anatomic variations. Intraoperative 3D guiding in VATS with 3D vision is feasible and could contribute to the safety and accuracy of anatomic resection.
Caregiver-guided pain coping skills training for patients with advanced cancer: Background, design, and challenges for the CaringPals study
Authors: Porter Laura S , Samsa Gregory , Steel Jennifer L , Hanson Laura C , LeBlanc Thomas W , Bull Janet , Fischer Stacy , Keefe Francis J 
Published: February 2019

Background/Aims Pain is a major concern of patients with advanced cancer and their caregivers. There is strong evidence that pain coping skills training interventions based on cognitive-behavioral principles can reduce pain severity and pain interference. However, few such interventions have been tested for patients with advanced cancer and their family caregivers. This study aims to test the efficacy of a caregiver-guided pain coping skills training protocol on patient and caregiver outcomes. Methods A total of 214 patients age ≥18 with Stage III–Stage IV cancer and moderate to severe pain, along with their family caregivers, are being identified and randomized with a 1:1 allocation to the caregiver-guided pain coping skills training intervention or enhanced treatment-as-usual. Dyads in both conditions receive educational resources on pain management, and the caregiver-guided pain coping skills training intervention includes three weekly 60-min sessions conducted with the patient–caregiver dyad via videoconference. Measures of caregiver outcomes (self-efficacy for helping the patient manage pain, caregiver strain, caregiving satisfaction, psychological distress) and patient outcomes (self-efficacy for pain management, pain intensity and interference, psychological distress) are collected at baseline and post-intervention. Caregiver outcomes are also collected 3 and 6 months following the patient’s death. The study is enrolling patients from four tertiary care academic medical centers and one free-standing hospice and palliative care organization. The primary outcome is caregiver self-efficacy for helping the patient manage pain. Results This article describes challenges in the design and implementation of the CaringPals trial. Key issues for trial design include the identification and recruitment of patients with advanced cancer and pain, and the follow-up and collection of data from caregivers following the patient’s death. Conclusion The CaringPals trial addresses a gap in research in pain coping skills training interventions by addressing the unique needs of patients with advanced cancer and their caregivers. Findings from this study may lead to advances in the clinical care of patients with advanced cancer and pain, as well as a better understanding of the effects of training family caregivers to help patients cope with pain.
Helicobacter pylori eradication in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: Multicenter prospective observational study
Authors: Nam Seung-Joo , Park Sung Chul , Lee Sang Hoon , Choi Dong Wook , Lee Sung Joon , Bang Chang Seok , Baik Gwang Ho , Park Jong Kyu 
Published: February 2019

Objective: To compare Helicobacter pylori ( H. pylori) eradication rate of type 2 diabetic patients with non-diabetic subjects. Methods: In this multicenter prospective observational study, H. pylori-infected subjects were enrolled from three university-affiliated hospitals. Eradication regimen was triple therapy with standard dose of proton pump inhibitors (b.i.d), amoxicillin (1.0 g b.i.d), and clarithromycin (500 mg b.i.d) for 7 days. Urea breath test was performed 4 weeks after treatment. Various clinical and laboratory data were collected for identification of factors associated with successful eradication. Results: Totally, 144 subjects were enrolled and 119 (85 non-diabetic and 34 diabetic patients) were finally analyzed. Eradication rate was 75.6% and there was no difference between diabetic patients and non-diabetic subjects (73.5% vs 76.5%, p value: 0.814). Adverse drug reactions were reported in 44.5% of patients. In multivariate analysis for predicting H. pylori eradication in diabetic patients, HbA1c (⩾7.5%) was a significant factor affecting eradication rate (adjusted odds ratio: 0.100, 95% confidence interval: 0.011–0.909, p value: 0.041). Conclusion: Diabetes itself is not a major factor affecting H. pylori eradication. However, poor glucose control may harmfully affect H. pylori eradication.
Outcomes of endometrial assessment in women with unscheduled bleeding on hormone replacement therapy
Authors: Abdullahi Idle Salwa , Hamoda Haitham 
Published: February 2019

Objective This study correlates the transvaginal ultrasound findings with histopathology results in women who present with unscheduled bleeding on hormone replacement therapy. Study design Retrospective analysis of 469 consecutive cases with unscheduled bleeding on hormone replacement therapy (203 patients on sequential hormone replacement therapy (seq-HRT) and 266 patients on continuous combined hormone replacement therapy (con-HRT)). Main outcome measures Outcomes of endometrial assessment in women with unscheduled bleeding on hormone replacement therapy. Results Normal appearance of the endometrium on pelvic ultrasound was seen in 62% patients on seq-HRT and 43% of women on con-HRT. These women required no further assessment and were discharged. Histological assessment showed normal endometrial tissue in 22% of women on seq-HRT and 22% of con-HRT group. Benign endometrial polyps were noted in 8% of women on seq-HRT versus 18% of women on con-HRT. Hyperplasia without atypia was noted in 0.5% of woman on seq-HRT versus 0.4% of women on con-HRT while atypical hyperplasia/endometrial cancer was noted in 2% of women on seq-HRT versus 1% of women on con-HRT. Conclusion Women who present with unscheduled bleeding on hormone replacement therapy both on sequential and continuous combined regimens can be reassured that the risk of pathology is low.
Time–motion analysis examining of the impact of Medic Bleep, an instant messaging platform, versus the traditional pager: a prospective pilot study
Authors: Menon Rahul , Rivett Christopher 
Published: February 2019

Objectives Efficient and accurate communication between healthcare professionals (HCPs) serves as the backbone to safe and efficient care delivery. Traditional pager-based interpersonal communication may contribute to inefficient communication practices and lapses in medical care. Methods This study aimed to examine the impact of Medic Bleep, a National Health Service (NHS) information governance-compliant instant messaging application, in an NHS Hospital Trust. We examined Medic Bleep’s impact on participant time and workflow using time–motion methodology. Cohorts of doctors and nurses using both Medic Bleep and the traditional pager were compared. Secondary endpoints of our study were to assess whether efficient communications could lead to better resource utilisation, patient safety as well as better quality of work life for the end user. Results Assimilation of Medic Bleep corresponded to a reduction in mean task-duration that was statistically significant ( p < 0.05) for To Take Out (TTO) and Patient Review categories. Nurses saved an average of 21 minutes per shift ( p < 0.05), whereas doctors saved an average of 48 minutes ( p < 0.05) per shift. Qualitative analysis suggested that HCPs benefited from better work prioritisation, collaboration and reduced medical errors enabled by an auditable communication workflow. Conclusion Medic Bleep reduced time spent on the tasks requiring interpersonal communication. Efficiencies were seen in Discharge Patient Flow, Patient Review and TTO categories. This improved HCP availability and response times to the benefit of patients. End users revealed that Medic Bleep had a positive effect on quality of work life.
Molecular identification and genotyping of Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from burn patients by PCR and ERIC-PCR
Authors: Falah Faezeh , Shokoohizadeh Leili , Adabi Maryam 
Published: February 2019

Background: Acinetobacter baumannii is one of the most important agents of hospital infections. Rapid and accurate identification and genotyping of A. baumannii is very important, especially in burn hospitals in order to prevent the spread of related nosocomial infections and to further epidemiological studies. Material and methods: For two months, 82 A. baumannii isolates were collected from burn wound swabs of patients in a major burn hospital in Tehran. A. baumannii isolates were identified by conventional microbiological test and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using the primers of blaOXA-51 gene, while the genetic linkage of A. baumannii isolates was investigated by enterobacterial repetitive intragenic consensus (ERIC)-PCR technique. Similarity, a cut-off of ⩾ 95% was considered for classifying the genotypes. Results: The molecular test (PCR) confirmed 97.56% of phenotypic results for the detection of A. baumannii isolates. ERIC-PCR results revealed 14 different ERIC patterns (ERIC-types) including 11 common types and three unique types. Conclusion: Our findings show that we can simply and quickly detect A. baumannii isolates by PCR using blaOXA genes and genetic diversity by ERIC-PCR, respectively. These rapid and simple techniques for the routine screening and identification of clinical A. baumannii isolates could be useful with epidemic potential.
Hallux valgus among sales promotion women wearing high heels in a department store
Authors: Soemarko Dewi S , Rahmasari Fita , Kamal Achmad Fauzi , Cahayadi Sigit Daru , Herqutanto  
Published: February 2019

Background: Wearing high heels for an extended period of time can cause several pathological conditions in women’s feet, one of such is the hallux valgus (HV), as shown by a number of cross-sectional studies. This study aims to evaluate the incidence of HV among sales promotion women and to know the association of the high heel shoes with the severity of HV in that population. Method: This study used comparative cross-sectional design between two groups, wearing high heel and flat shoes; sales promotion women who work for at least 1 year were recruited as subjects by means of purposive sampling and were given questionnaires, and then physical and radiological examination of the foot were performed to detect any HV and its severity. Result: Incidence of HV is 25.25% (25 of 99) among subjects who were wearing high heel shoes and 10.87% (10 of 92) for those who were wearing flat shoes. Subjects wearing high heel shoes are 2.77 times (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.25–6.15; p = 0.01) more at risk for developing HV than those who wore flat shoes. The incidence of HV increases with age ( p < 0.05). Those who have been working for >4 years are 5.2 times (95% CI: 1.95–14.31) at more risk for developing HV than those who have been working for ≤4 years ( p < 0.001). The duration of wearing shoes per day, the type of toe box, and body mass index are not statistically significant with HV ( p > 0.05). The incidence of HV increased among overweight and obese subjects ( p > 0.05). The severity of HV in subjects was mostly mild to moderate. Conclusion: The incidence of HV is higher among sales promotion women who wear high heel shoes than flat shoes. Age and working experience are also related to the development of HV. Factors that affect the severity of HV cannot be shown in this study.