bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fostering Collaboration: An Interprofessional Quality Improvement and Patient Safety Workshop for Medical, Physician Assistant, Nursing, and Pharmacy Students
Authors: Lin Doris , Caruso Andrew , Gay Lindsey , Keyes Sarah-Ann , Gill Anne , Sankar Vaishnavi , Wang Emily , Hatfield Catherine , Zhou Yuanyuan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Quality improvement and patient safety (QI/PS) education is required for medical, nursing, pharmacy, and physician assistant students. Interprofessional education (IPE) provides an excellent collaborative opportunity to teach the core concepts of this topic. However, implementing a successful interprofessional activity is often challenging due to complex curricular and scheduling differences. To meet this need, we implemented a case-based interactive workshop educating students from the four disciplines on process mapping, fishbone diagrams, creating aim statements, and implementing plan-do-study-act (PDSA) cycles.
Methods
From November 2020 to April 2023, students participated in an interprofessional QI/PS workshop. After the session, students voluntarily completed a survey assessing the importance of QI/PS knowledge, their understanding of the roles and responsibilities of each profession, and the impact of interprofessional collaboration on QI/PS.
Results
A total of 445 students participated in the survey. 90% rated QI/PS knowledge as either “very important” or “extremely important.” A good majority also understood the various professions’ roles and responsibilities, although differences were noted when analyzing across disciplines. Following the workshop, an overwhelming majority also understood the impacts of interprofessional collaboration.
Conclusion
This interprofessional training activity offered students a meaningful opportunity to collaborate with other disciplines to learn the fundamentals of QI/PS while meeting the core competencies of teamwork, communication, and understanding of roles and responsibilities. These are skills they can utilize now and throughout their careers in clinical practice.
Real World Efficacy of Naltrexone/Bupropion for Weight Management in Obesity and After Bariatric Surgery
Authors: Vangoitsenhoven Roman , Yskout Marie , Hoste Jarne , Steenackers Nele , Pazmino sofia , Simoens Caroline , Mattelaer Nele , Deleus Ellen , Lannoo Matthias , Mertens Ann , Vanderschueren Bart 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Insufficient weight loss or weight regain after metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) is frequent, and the evidence to support the use of pharmacotherapy for weight management is limited.
Methods
In this single-centre retrospective cohort study, the effectiveness of naltrexone/bupropion (NB) for weight control in surgery-naive and post-MBS patients was evaluated. Data was collected between 2016 and 2022 on all consecutive patients started on NB after multidisciplinary consult. Patients received weekly dose escalation up to 32/360 mg daily per the manufacturer’s protocol, with submaximal doses administered in cases of adverse effects or sufficient therapeutic response. Weight evolution, metabolic status, adherence and adverse events were analysed at 4 and 12 months after NB initiation. Data are presented as median (interquartile range).
Results
A total of 153 patients initiated NB therapy, including 111 who were surgery-naive, and 42 with prior MBS. The median time after MBS was 7.7 years (4.3, 15.3). Among the post-MBS patients, 18 (42.9%) patients had undergone Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and 11 (26.2%) sleeve gastrectomy. At 4 months after initiation of NB, 46.8% of the surgery-naive patients and 66.7% of the post-MBS patients remained using NB, with a median weight loss of 6.4% (3.0, 10.1) and 6.1% (2.4, 2.0) respectively. At 12-months, 38.5% of surgery-naive patients and 60.7% of post-MBS patients had continued NB, with median weight loss of 8.8% (5.0, 16.7) and 11.1% (4.7, 19.8) respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in weight loss between the surgery-naive and post-MBS group. Weight loss was not significantly influenced by whether the maximal dose was reached in both the surgery-naive patients (p = 0.38) and the post-MBS patients (p = 0.61).
Conclusion
Real-world data show that NB treatment is equally effective in surgery-naive patients and in patients experiencing weight regain after bariatric surgery, regardless of the maximal dose administered.
Maximizing Government Revenue: The Search for the Optimal Cigarette Excise Rate in Indonesia
Authors: Rianto Wahyu Hidayat , Suliswa Muhammad Sri Wahyudi , Sulistyono Setyo Wahyu , Rusdianasari Fitri , Anindyntha Firdha Aksari 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

This research aims to determine the optimal cigarette excise rate to maximize state revenues in Indonesia. Using secondary data from various sources, this research analyses the relationship between cigarette excise rates and state revenues using the panel data regression method. The results of this research show that the increase in cigarette excise rates has a significant positive impact on cigarette excise revenues in Indonesia. However, this research simulation also shows that at very high excise levels, state revenues can begin to decline.
Gingipain regulates isoform switches of PD-L1 in macrophages infected with Porphyromonas gingivalis
Authors: Zheng Yilin , Wang Ziyi , Weng Yao , Sitosari Heriati , He Yuhan , Zhang Xiu , Shiotsu Noriko , Fukuhara Yoko , Ikegame Mika , Okamura Hirohiko 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Periodontal pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis(Pg) is believed to possess immune evasion capabilities, but it remains unclear whether this immune evasion is related to host gene alternative splicing (AS). In this study, RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) revealed significant changes in both AS landscape and transcriptomic profile of macrophages following Pg infection with/without knockout of gingipain (a unique toxic protease of Pg). Pg infection increased the programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) transcripts expression and selectively upregulated a specific coding isoform that more effectively binds to programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) receptors on T cells, thereby inhibiting immune function. Biological experiments confirmed these results and demonstrated that the AS switch of PD-L1 was gingipain-dependent. AlphaFold 3 predictions indicated that the protein docking compatibility between PD-1 and Pg-upregulated PD-L1 isoform was over 80% higher than another coding isoform. These findings suggest that Pg employs gingipain to modulate the AS of PD-L1, facilitating immune evasion.
Evaluation of Precursor MicroRNA (Pre-miRNA) as A Powerful Tool for Robust CHO Production Cell Line Platform Development
Authors: Gao Li , Li Xiaohong , Zhang Mengxin , Li Bin , Miao Xiuxiu , Yu Chao , Guo Wei , Zhang Cuiqiao , He Xiangyuan , Huang Kaisheng , Qian Zichen 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells are the most commonly accepted host for the commercial production of recombinant therapeutic proteins. The fast-growing demand for large quantities of biologics at controllable cost-of-goods requires continuous cell engineering and process optimization of the CHO host cells. The application of microRNAs (miRNAs) has been proved to increase recombinant protein production in CHO cells. Studies have demonstrated that transient over-expression of certain miRNAs can increase the yield of recombinant proteins in CHO cells, but few of them have been applied to stable cell line development. Moreover, the comprehensive study of how different miRNAs could influence the CHO productivity is still lacking. In this study, Three overexpression forms of multiple miRNAs, including primary-miRNA (pri-miRNAs), precursor-miRNA (pre-miRNAs), and mature miRNAs with flanking were evaluated for conventionally more difficult to express proteins. Results suggested that the pre-miRNA overexpression strategy is more effective, and overexpression of premiR-92a, premiR-200a, premiR-483, and premiR-106b significantly increased the expression level of BsAb and fusion protein without diminishing the product quality. Further clone evaluation of the premiR-92a and premiR-483 over-expression groups suggested that the average clone titer level was improved, and those high-expresser clones were stable. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that co-expressing pre-miRNA and recombinant protein is a valuable vector engineering strategy towards building a robust stable CHO expression platform.
Fungal glutaminases: Production, optimization, and purification with antimicrobial activities of L- glutaminase from novel isolate Aspergillus tamarii AUMC 10198 under solid-state fermentation
Authors: Youssef Ghada A. , Zaid Maii S. , Youssef Amany S. , El-Aassar Samy 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Introduction Fungal L-glutaminase has garnered significant attention in recent times with respect to its possible applications in the field of medical therapy and biotechnology. The principal aim of this research was to pick out microbial strains that can efficiently produce L-glutaminase from agricultural by-products under solid-state fermentation (SSF). Various fungal isolates were screened for extracellular L-glutaminase production. During the fermentation process, numerous parameters were adjusted one variable at a time (OVAT) to increase L-glutaminase production. The L-glutaminase of Aspergillus tamarii AUMC 10198 was purified in three sequential stages. The properties of the purified enzyme and the antimicrobial efficiency were also fulfilled.
Results The potentiality of four out of fourteen fungal isolates served as indicators of the enzyme's productivity. The fungus Aspergillus tamarii AUMC 10198, designated with the GenBank accession number OQ976977, was determined to be the potent for estimating L-glutaminase synthesis, under SSF using wheat bran as a solid substrate. The solid-state yield of L-glutaminase exhibited a 3.20-fold increase in comparison to the unoptimized state. The Aspergillus tamarii AUMC 10198 L-glutaminase underwent three stages of purification, resulting in an increase in enzyme productivity by 12.90 times. Following these steps, the ultimate enzyme recovery was 18.45%. The isolated L-glutaminase exhibited optimal activity at a pH of 8, a temperature of 45 °C, and partial stability up to 60 °C, as determined by characterization. The purified L-glutaminase exhibited a Vmax of 10.10 U/ml and a Km of 0.28 mg/ml when glutamine was used as the substrate. The metal ions Fe2+, Ca2+, K+, Mg2+, and Na+ demonstrated significant enzyme-activating properties at a concentration of 0.01 M, resulting in an enhancement of L-glutaminase productivity. The antimicrobial activity indicates its capability for various therapeutic and pharmaceutical applications. Conclusion The present investigation revealed that the local fungal strain of Aspergillus tamarii AUMC10198 could potentially be utilized in the production of L-glutaminase for industrial applications from agricultural by-products.
Job satisfaction and influencing factors of medical staff participating in a free HPV vaccination program for school girls in Shenzhen, China
Authors: Song Danhong , Wu Dadong , Liu Peiyi , Zhao Fanghui , Wang Yueyun , Zhang Yong 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objectives
The aim of this study is to explore the job satisfaction of medical staff who participate in HPV vaccination, as well as the factors that influence their job satisfaction. This research can serve as a reference point for the advancement of free HPV vaccination operations.
Methods
A convenience sample strategy was used to distribute questionnaires to 545 medical staff members from HPV vaccination-related institutions in Shenzhen between June and October 2022.
Results
A total of 545 medical professionals involved in the HPV vaccination program in Shenzhen completed a survey, and the results showed that they were generally satisfied with their jobs (with a job satisfaction score of 45.60 ± 6.524). The items with the highest scores were "I like the people I work with" (4.07 ± 0.029), while the items with the lowest scores were "I have too much work to do" (1.97 ± 0.031). Multiple binary logistic regression analysis revealed that job satisfaction of medical staff participating in HPV vaccination in Shenzhen was influenced by after-tax annual income and years of work (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
The overall job satisfaction of medical staff participating in HPV vaccination work is satisfactory in Shenzhen. To further improve their job satisfaction, it is recommended that measures be taken to reduce their workload by actively applying information technology and flexible shift work methods.
Impact of underweight on patients with non-metastatic cancers receiving curative anticancer therapy; analysis of large oncology database in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Tashkandi Emad 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
The impact of underweight and morbidity is complex and has not been thoroughly investigated in non-metastatic cancer patients undergoing curative anticancer therapy.
Objective
This study aimed to evaluate the impact of underweight status, compared to normal weight, on 30-day morbidity in patients with non-metastatic cancers receiving curative anticancer treatments
Methods
An observational, retrospective cohort study was conducted to analyze 2,504 consecutive histologically confirmed cancer cases from March 1, 2020, to June 30, 2020, at the largest comprehensive cancer centers and outpatient clinics in Saudi Arabia.
Results
787 patients were analyzed to evaluate the impact of being underweight and morbidity. No significant differences were found in age (p = 0.764) or Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (p = 0.152) between underweight and normal-weight patients. However, a significant sex difference was observed, with more underweight patients being men (p < 0.001). The therapy type varied significantly, with underweight patients being less likely to receive hormonal (p = 0.05) or targeted therapy (p = 0.05). Underweight patients were more likely to receive intravenous therapy (p = 0.005). No significant differences were observed in the cancer stage distribution (p = 0.340) or curative treatment approach (p = 0.308). Morbidity within 30 days was significantly higher in underweight patients with increased rates of hospitalization (p = 0.023), emergency visits (p = 0.034), and chemotherapy dose reductions (p = 0.004).
Conclusion
Underweight patients may be more vulnerable to adverse outcomes during treatment, with a greater risk of complications, including hospitalization, emergency visits, and chemotherapy dose adjustments, but not intensive care admissions.
A graph representation learning-based method for fault diagnosis of rotating machinery under time-varying speed conditions
Authors: Sun Sichao , Xia Xinyu , Zhou Hua 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The health of rotating machinery is critical to the quality and efficiency of the manufacturing process. However, the existing intelligent fault diagnosis methods are mostly carried out under constant speed conditions, which makes it difficult to adapt to the variability and complexity of equipment speed with time in actual industrial scenarios. Based on graph learning and self-attention mechanism, this study proposes a novel fault diagnosis method for rotating machinery under time-varying speed conditions. Node feature information is extracted from raw vibration signals in multiple directions to construct spatial graph data. Then the spatial graph is transformed into embedded data, and the spatiotemporal nested graph containing time-varying fault information is built. After that, the graph convolutional attention interactive parallel network model is established. Combining the advantages of the graph convolutional network and the self-attention mechanism, the fault information contained in the graph is deeply mined to promote the model to identify the fault types correctly. The superiority of the proposed method is verified by two time-varying speeds fault diagnosis test data. Compared with other deep learning methods, this method can still achieve optimal diagnostic results even in the case of insufficient training samples.
Linewidth Enhancement Factor Impact on Optical Feedback Open Loop System of QDSEL
Authors: Mahdi Mayyadah Qable , ghalib Basim abdullattif , AL-mamoori Mohammed. H.K. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Quantum Dot semiconductor laser (QDSEL) is an important method in modern applications, including optical communications technology and random coding, due to its high efficiency and small size. The linewidth enhancement factor (α) change with injection current for fixed values ​​of delay time. behavior of the output transmitting and receiving lasers through these results between photon density and time delay, at (α\(_{{(T,R)}}\) = 3, 3.5, 4). injection current for the transmitter and receiver lasers equal to j\(_{{(T,R)}}\) = (1.5, 2.5, 4.5) jth, and certain values ​​for the time delay, which are expected to cause clear changes in the behavior of the laser output, such as it being stable, quasi-periodic, double periodic, regular chaotic, and random, at time delay (τ\(_{{(T,R)}}\) = 140, 145, 150) ps
Prediction and Characterization of Antimicrobial Peptides from Sea Cucumbers (Holothuria sp.) in Papuan Waters, Indonesia
Authors: Hanifaturahmah Fadiyah , Dewanti-Hariyadi Ratih , Hasanah Uswatun , Nurilmala Mala 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Antimicrobial Peptides (AMPs) are compounds with low molecular weight that play a role in human defense system. However; the bioactive peptides do not always exist in their natural state and they can be liberated from the parent protein structure through hydrolysis. Research on AMPs in sea cucumbers has been limited to only a few specific species. Thus, this research aims to determine the characteristics of the hydrolysates of fresh, boiled, and smoked sea cucumbers, and their antimicrobial activity as well as to predict and characterize the AMPs in the hydrolysates. Hydrolysis of fresh, boiled, and smoked sea cucumbers was carried out by bromelain 5% or papain 5%. The degree of hydrolysis of the sea cucumber hydrolysate was analyzed by soluble nitrogen-TCA method, while their protein content with the Bradford method. The antimicrobial activity of the sea cucumber hydrolysate toward Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, and Escherichia coli was done using disk diffusion method. The molecular weight of the peptides in the hydrolysate was determined by SDS-PAGE. Peptides with potential antimicrobial activity (< 5 kDa) were sequenced by LC-MS/MS and analyzed using bioinformatics Mascot, BLASTp, CAMPR4, APD3, PepDraw, and PEP-FOLD. Fresh sea cucumbers hydrolyzed with bromelain for 4 hours resulted in hydrolysates with the most degree of hydrolysis, protein content, and antimicrobial activity against the test pathogenic bacteria. Sea cucumbers hydrolysate had stronger antimicrobial activity toward Gram positive bacteria (S. aureus and B. cereus) than Gram negative (E. coli). This research reported for the first time four AMP sequences from sea cucumber Holothuria atra, i.e. LALGIPLPQLK, IGLFGGAGVGK, INLTLK, and LSLSPFK. The AMPs were characterized by a sequence length of 6–11 amino acids, molecular weight of less than 5 kDa (0.70–1.16 kDa), helical structure, net charge + 1, rich in hydrophobic amino acids with hydrophobicity of + 7.09 to + 12.41 kcal/mol and pI 10.14–10.15.
Reliability of surgeon-reported MRI findings to a national spine register.
Authors: Alhaug Ole Kristian , Furunes Håvard , Kaur Simran , Blomfeldt Nynne , Dolatowski Filip C. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Spine registries contribute to valuable knowledge and research; however, the data quality has been questioned. MRI findings are crucial for diagnostics and grading of degenerative spinal disorders. We aimed to explore the reliability of surgeon-reported MRI findings in a national spine registry (NORspine).
Methods
We assessed the reliability of MRI findings from three spine centers. Two spine surgeons re-examined previously surgeon-reported MRI findings for a sample of NORspine patients. We assessed the inter-rater reliability and the reliability between the NORspine registry and each study rater by Cohens kappa (ƙ).
Results
Two spine surgeons re-assessed preoperative MRI of the lumbar spine for 276 previously enrolled NORspine patients; 92 at each treating center equally distributed by three categories of spinal procedures: removal of disc herniation (LDH), decompression of lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS), and lumbar fusion. The inter-rater reliability varied from fair (0.21) to substantial (0.75) (most reliable for detecting LDH and LSS). The reliability between the NORspine registry and each rater varied from slight (0.13) to substantial (0.75). Highest reliability was found for LDH and LSS (ƙ = 0.72–0.75), while degenerative disc (DDD), foraminal stenosis (FS) and Modic changes had lower reliability (ƙ = 0.27–0.49).
Conclusion
The reliability for surgeon-reported MRI diagnostics to the NORspine registry varied and was substantial for LDH and LSS, moderate for DDD and FS, and slight or fair for Modic changes.
Conserved missense variant pathogenicity and correlated phenotypes across paralogous genes
Authors: Bruenger Tobias , Ivanuk Alina , Pérez-Palma Eduardo , Montanucci Ludovica , Cohen Stacey , Smith Lacey , Parthasarathy Shridhar , Helbig Ingo , Nothnagel Michael , May Patrick , Lal Dennis 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
The majority of missense variants in clinical genetic tests are classified as variants of uncertain significance. Prior research has shown that the deleterious effects and the subsequent molecular consequence of variants are often conserved among paralogous protein sequences within a gene family. Here, we systematically quantified on an exome-wide scale if the existence of pathogenic variants in paralogous genes at a conserved position could serve as evidence for the pathogenicity of a new variant. For the gene family of voltage-gated sodium channels where variants and expert-curated clinical phenotypes were available, we also assessed whether phenotype patterns of multiple disorders for each gene were also conserved across variant positions within the gene family.
Methods
We developed a framework that assesses the presence of pathogenic missense variants located in conserved residues across paralogous genes. We systematically mapped 2.5 million pathogenic and general population variants from the ClinVar, HGMD, and gnomAD databases onto a total of 9,990 genes and aligned them by gene families. We evaluated the quantity of classifiable amino acids by utilizing pathogenic variants identified in databases alone and then compared this assessment to the inclusion of paralogous pathogenic variants. We validated and quantified the evidence of conserved pathogenic paralogous variants in variant pathogenicity classification.
Results
Considering conserved pathogenic variants in paralogous genes, increased the number of classifiable variants 2.8-fold across the exome, compared to pathogenic variants in the gene of interest alone. The presence of a pathogenic variant in a paralogous gene is associated with a positive likelihood ratio of 8.32 for variant pathogenicity. The likelihood ratio was gene family-specific. Across ten genes encoding voltage-gated sodium channels and 22 expert-curated disorders, we identified cross-paralog correlated phenotypes based on 3D structure spatial position. For example, the established loss-of-function disorders SCN1A-associated Dravet syndrome, SCN2A-associated autism, SCN5A-associated Brugarda Syndrome, and SCN8A-associated neurodevelopmental disorder without seizures were correlated in their spatial variant position on structure. Finally, we show that phenotype integration in paralog variant selection improves variant classification.
Conclusion
Our results show that paralogous variants, in particular with phenotype information can enhance our understanding of variant effects.