bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trends in Incidence of ACL Reconstruction and Concomitant Procedures Among Commercially Insured Individuals in the United States, 2002-2014
Authors: Herzog Mackenzie M. , Marshall Stephen W. , Lund Jennifer L. , Pate Virginia , Mack Christina D. , Spang Jeffrey T. 
Published: October 2018

Background: Few population-based descriptive studies on the incidence of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction and concomitant pathology exist. Hypothesis: Incidence of ACL reconstruction has increased from 2002 to 2014. Study Design: Descriptive clinical epidemiology study. Level of Evidence: Level 3. Methods: The Truven Health Analytics MarketScan Commercial Claims and Encounters database, which contains insurance enrollment and health care utilization data for approximately 158 million privately insured individuals younger than 65 years, was used to obtain records of ACL reconstructions performed between 2002 and 2014 and any concomitant pathology using Current Procedures Terminology (CPT) and International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD-9) codes. The denominator population was defined as the total number of person-years (PYs) for all individuals in the database. Annual rates were computed overall and stratified by age, sex, and concomitant procedure. Results: There were 283,810 ACL reconstructions and 385,384,623 PYs from 2002 to 2014. The overall rate of ACL reconstruction increased 22%, from 61.4 per 100,000 PYs in 2002 to 74.6 per 100,000 PYs in 2014. Rates of isolated ACL reconstruction were relatively stable over the study period. However, among children and adolescents, rates of both isolated ACL reconstruction and ACL reconstruction with concomitant meniscal surgery increased substantially. Adolescents aged 13 to 17 years had the highest absolute rates of ACL reconstruction, and their rates increased dramatically over the 13-year study period (isolated, +37%; ACL + meniscal repair, +107%; ACL + meniscectomy, +63%). Rates of isolated ACL reconstruction were similar for males and females (26.1 vs 25.6 per 100,000 PYs, respectively, in 2014), but males had higher rates of ACL reconstruction with concomitant meniscal surgery than females. Conclusion: Incidence rates of isolated ACL reconstruction and rates of concomitant meniscal surgery have increased, particularly among children and adolescents. Clinical Relevance: A renewed focus on adoption of injury prevention programs is needed to mitigate these trends. In addition, more research is needed on long-term patient outcomes and postoperative health care utilization after ACL reconstruction, with a focus on understanding the sex-based disparity in concomitant meniscal surgery.
Obesity and recovery of muscle strength after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in pediatric patients
Authors: Lee R Jay , Margalit Adam , Nduaguba Afam , Gunderson Melissa A , Wells Lawrence 
Published: October 2018

Purpose: To explore factors influencing muscle strength after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction (ACLR) in pediatric patients. We hypothesized that obesity/overweight, autograft hamstring tendon, and concomitant injuries would be associated with slower muscle recovery. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the records of pediatric ACLR patients during a 3-year period. Muscle recovery was defined as ≥85% of peak torque compared with the contralateral side. We categorized patients as either obese/overweight or normal weight. Statistical analysis was performed using Mann–Whitney U, analysis of variance, and χ2 tests ( α level < 0.05). Results: The study group consisted of 330 patients, of whom 198 (60%) and 231 (70%) met quadriceps and hamstring recovery criteria, respectively, at final testing (mean: 7.0 ± 3.2 months). Patients recovered hamstring and quadriceps strength at a mean of 5.3 ± 2.2 months and 6.1 ± 2.3 months, respectively. Hamstring muscle recovery took significantly longer in obese/overweight patients (mean: 5.7 ± 2.2 months) versus normal-weight patients (mean: 5.1 ± 2.1 months; p = 0.025), but quadriceps recovery did not (obese/overweight mean: 6.5 ± 2.6 months; normal-weight mean: 5.9 ± 2.1 months; p = 0.173). Conclusion: Concomitant injuries and graft type were not associated with length of time to recovery of muscle strength. Obesity/overweight was associated with delay in recovery of hamstring but not quadriceps strength.
A 4-Year Analysis of the Incidence of Injuries Among CrossFit-Trained Participants
Authors: Feito Yuri , Burrows Evanette K. , Tabb Loni Philip 
Published: October 2018

Background: High-intensity functional training (HIFT) is a new training modality that merges high-intensity exercise with functional (multijoint) movements. Even though others exist, CrossFit training has emerged as the most common form of HIFT. Recently, several reports have linked CrossFit training to severe injuries and/or life-threatening conditions, such as rhabdomyolysis. Empirical evidence regarding the safety of this training modality is currently limited. Purpose: To examine the incidence of injuries related to CrossFit participation and to estimate the rate of injuries in a large cross-sectional convenience sample of CrossFit participants from around the world. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Methods: A total of 3049 participants who reported engaging in CrossFit training between 2013 and 2017 were surveyed. Results: A portion (30.5%) of the participants surveyed reported experiencing an injury over the previous 12 months because of their participation in CrossFit training. Injuries to the shoulders (39%), back (36%), knees (15%), elbows (12%), and wrists (11%) were most common for both male and female participants. The greatest number of injuries occurred among those who participated in CrossFit training 3 to 5 days per week (χ2 = 12.51; P = .0019). Overall, and based on the assumed maximum number of workout hours per week, the injury rate was 0.27 per 1000 hours (females: 0.28; males: 0.26), whereas the assumed minimum number of workout hours per week resulted in an injury rate of 0.74 per 1000 hours (females: 0.78; males: 0.70). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that CrossFit training is relatively safe compared with more traditional training modalities. However, it seems that those within their first year of training as well as those who engage in this training modality less than 3 days per week and/or participate in less than 3 workouts per week are at a greater risk for injuries.
Driver mutations in Janus kinases in a mouse model of B-cell leukemia induced by deletion of PU.1 and Spi-B
Authors: Batista Carolina R. , Lim Michelle , Laramée Anne-Sophie , Abu-Sardanah Faisal , Xu Li S. , Hossain Rajon , Bell Gillian I. , Hess David A. , DeKoter Rodney P. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) is associated with recurrent mutations that occur in cancer-initiating cells. There is a need to understand how driver mutations influence clonal evolution of leukemia. The E26-transformation-specific (ETS) transcription factors PU.1 and Spi-B (encoded by Spi1 and Spib) execute a critical role in B-cell development and serve as complementary tumor suppressors. Here, we used a mouse model to conditionally delete Spi1 and Spib genes in developing B cells. These mice developed B-ALL with a median time to euthanasia of 18 weeks. We performed RNA and whole-exome sequencing (WES) on leukemias isolated from Mb1-CreΔPB mice and identified single nucleotide variants (SNVs) in Jak1, Jak3, and Ikzf3 genes, resulting in amino acid sequence changes. Jak3 mutations resulted in amino acid substitutions located in the pseudo-kinase (R653H, V670A) and in the kinase (T844M) domains. Introduction of Jak3 T844M into Spi1/Spib-deficient precursor B cells was sufficient to promote proliferation in response to low IL-7 concentrations in culture, and to promote proliferation and leukemia-like disease in transplanted mice. We conclude that mutations in Janus kinases represent secondary drivers of leukemogenesis that cooperate with Spi1/Spib deletion. This mouse model represents a useful tool to study clonal evolution in B-ALL.
Mobile payment in Fintech environment: trends, security challenges, and services
Authors: Kang Jungho 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Due to recent developments in IT technology, various Fintech technologies composing of finance and technology are being developed. Especially, because of rapidly growing online market and supply of mobile devices, the need for mobile Fintech payment service that enables easy online and off-line payment has increased. According to the 2013 report by market research company Gartner, purchase related global mobile payment market size was predicted to grow from $45.1 billion in 2012 to $224.3 billion in 2017 with average annual growth of 38%. The study will surveyed the recent trends of mobile Fintech payment services and categorized them based on the service forms to suggest requirements and security challenges so that better and securer service can be provided in the future. First, the study defined existing payment services and Fintech payment services by comparing them, and analyzed recent mobile Fintech payment services to classify mobile Fintech payment service providers into Hardware makers, Operating System makers, payment platform providers, and financial institutions to show their common features. Finally it defined requirements that mobile Fintech payment services must meet and security challenges that future and present mobile Fintech payment services will encounter in the perspective of mutual authentication, authorization, integrity, privacy, and availability. Through the suggested study, it is expected that mobile Fintech payment services will develop into more secure services in the future.
Adenosine Triphosphate Production of Muscle Mitochondria after Acute Exercise in Lean and Obese Humans
Authors: KRAS KATON A. , HOFFMAN NYSSA , ROUST LORI R. , BENJAMIN TONYA R. , DE FILIPPIS ELENA A. , KATSANOS CHRISTOS S. 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Current evidence indicates mitochondrial dysfunction in humans with obesity. Acute exercise appears to enhance mitochondrial function in the muscle of nonobese humans, but its effects on mitochondrial function in muscle of humans with obesity are not known. We sought to determine whether acute aerobic exercise stimulates mitochondrial function in subsarcolemmal (SS) and intermyofibrillar (IMF) mitochondria in humans with obesity.

Methods
We assessed maximal adenosine triphosphate production rate (MAPR) and citrate synthase (CS) activity in isolated SS and IMF mitochondria from subjects with body mass index < 27 kg·m−2 (median age, 25 yr; interquartile range, 22–39 yr) and subjects with body mass index > 32 kg·m−2 (median age, 29 yr; interquartile range, 20–39 yr) before and 3 h after a 45-min cycling exercise at an intensity corresponding to 65% HR reserve. The SS and IMF mitochondria were isolated from muscle biopsies using differential centrifugation. Maximal adenosine triphosphate production rate and CS activities were determined using luciferase-based and spectrophotometric enzyme-based assays, respectively.

Results
Exercise increased MAPR in IMF mitochondria in both nonobese subjects and subjects with obesity (P < 0.05), but CS-specific activity did not change in either group (P > 0.05). Exercise increased MAPR supported by complex II in SS mitochondria, in both groups (P < 0.05), but MAPR supported by complex I or palmitate did not increase by exercise in the subjects with obesity (P > 0.05). Citrate synthase–specific activity increased in SS mitochondria in response to exercise only in nonobese subjects (P < 0.05).

Conclusions
In nonobese humans, acute aerobic exercise increases MAPR in both SS and IMF mitochondria. In humans with obesity, the exercise increases MAPR in IMF mitochondria, but this response is less evident in SS mitochondria.
Avoiding High Opportunism Is Easy, Achieving Low Opportunism Is Not: A QCA Study on Curbing Opportunism in Buyer–Supplier Relationships
Authors: Mellewigt Thomas , Hoetker Glenn , Lütkewitte Martina 
Published: October 2018

Past research on how opportunism in buyer-supplier relationships can be mitigated remains incomplete and often contradictory. Applying recent advances in qualitative comparative analysis to a sample of 137 buyer-supplier relationships in the German automotive industry, we show that there are multiple equifinal pathways to high and low opportunism. In general, our study shows that it is easier to avoid high opportunism than to consistently achieve low opportunism. On this basis, we offer new insights into countering opportunism for researchers and managers. Achieving low opportunism requires a combination of governance mechanisms, which are generally not interchangeable. In particular, relational governance mechanisms in isolation seem to be more restricted than prior research has suggested but form a powerful synergistic combination with complex contracts. Although formal governance mechanisms lack enforceability, the coordination and monitoring that they provide are critical in both avoiding high opportunism and achieving low opportunism. Performance ambiguity is especially difficult to manage. Overall, our paper shows the power of configurational approaches and encourages the development of new theory that adopts a situational contingency perspective. The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2018.1227 .
Implementação de Um Sistema de Informação Gerencial na Esfera Municipal: Relação entre Ergonomia Cognitiva e Estresse no Trabalho
Authors: Batista Cecília de Castro , Pereira Michele Morais Oliveira , Ferreira Michelle Cristina , Silva Francielih Dorneles , Ribeiro Loreza Luiza 
Published: October 2018

Este trabalho objetivou avaliar se a implementação de um sistema de informação de gestão e execução (SIGE) interfere na ergonomia cognitiva dos servidores da prefeitura de um município da região do Alto Paranaíba, Minas Gerais. Como embasamento teórico, abordou-se as discussões sobre sistema de informação, ergonomia cognitiva e estresse no trabalho. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa e o método utilizado foi o estudo de caso. Os dados foram coletados mediante observação participante, pesquisa documental e entrevistas semiestruturadas com cinco servidores públicos. Na análise de conteúdo dos dados delinearam-se cinco categorias, a saber: "Processos de implementação", "Fatores restringentes e Facilitadores", "Acessibilidade e operacionalização", "Aspectos cognitivos" e "Estresse no trabalho". Os resultados indicaram dificuldades na implementação, operacionalização e efetividade do novo sistema de informação, que demanda aspectos cognitivos, como atenção e memória. Concluiu-se que o aumento do estresse no trabalho dos servidores públicos está relacionado ao descompasso entre eles e o SIGE.
An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis of the Barriers to the Use of Humour in the Teaching of Childhood Studies
Authors: Noon Edward John 
Published: October 2018

This is a revised article
First published: Noon, J. E. (2017). An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis of the Barriers to the Use of Humour in the Teaching of Childhood Studies, Journal of Perspectives in Applied Academic Practice, 5(3), pp. 45-52.
doi: https://doi.org/10.14297/jpaap.v5i3.255
The above article was first published online on May 10, 2017. The methodology section has been corrected to accurately reflect the sampling technique employed in this study. The revised version is published in this issue.
In the original publication, it was noted that the sample was determined by certain criteria, including gender, years of teaching experience, and previous professional career. However, having reflected back on the process, this was not the case. Whilst it was ensured that participants had at least six years of teaching experience in higher education, the fact that the sample was dominated by female academics from a wide range of backgrounds was inevitable given the ‘make-up’ of the population under investigation, and was not something that was specifically planned for.
Abstract
Whilst pedagogical humour is a common teaching strategy employed by educators across compulsory education systems, a review of the extant literature expounds that it is a tool largely neglected by instructors throughout higher education. As such, this study sought to discern the perspectives of educators concerning the barriers to the use of humour in the teaching of Childhood Studies. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with five educators on the BA (Hons) Childhood Studies programme at a Yorkshire-based post-1992 university. Verbatim transcripts of the interviews were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA).
Respondents believed that an academic’s personality held a significant bearing upon their pedagogy, and therefore their use of classroom jocularity. Educators claimed that whilst pedagogical humour did have its benefits, it was also capable of causing offence, distracting from course content, and making students feel uncomfortable. Consequently, educators generated situated understandings of when and where they were permitted to employ pedagogical humour, and what form said humour should take; they were cautious not to overuse humour, and were also less likely to draw upon it when teaching emotive or distressing content, and when teaching groups of students they were less familiar with. Educators also noted that they were less likely to draw upon pedagogical humour in the lecture theatre, despite university-wide pressure for instructors to produce more interactive lectures.
Nilai Estetika Sajak “Sisa-SisaUsia” Karya Soedjarwo dan “Sajak Orang Tua” Karya Rahmat Djoko Pradopo
Authors: Muzakka Moh 
Published: October 2018

The aesthetic study of poetry or poetry written by two authors is very rare, especially the two verses were compared to search for aesthetic concepts and trace their intertextual relationships. This short article attempts to describe and compare the aesthetic value of poem “ Sisa-Sisa Usia” by Soedjarwo and "Sajak Orang Tua" by Rahmat Djoko Pradopo by using aesthetic approach as the main focus and approach of literature and intertextual as supporting. The results of the analysis show that the two poems have the same aesthetic value, both from the structure of sound, diction, meaning, the means of rhetoric or from its content, that is anxiety and submission of lyrics. From the similarity of structure and content it shows the existence of intercourse relationship
Pemakaian Partikel kah dalam Kalimat Tanya
Authors: Setyadi Ary 
Published: October 2018

AbstractParticle as a marker of the sentence type has its own characteristics/characteristics, namely: enclitis, human, and relatively free distributed. Due to the nature/ characteristics of the particle has a function as a confirmation of the sentence. In addition to the subject, the particles also have the ability to move in accordance with the elements of the sentence to be affirmed; and as a result of the ability to move in place the absence of particles can be able to join the many kinds of word classes. The application of methods, both data collection methods and methods of classification and data analysis as imposed in linguistic research activities. Namely: the stage of data collection, classification and data analysis phase, and stage of presentation/ report writing. The theory used in relation to the study of these particles is the linguistic theory of the syntactic field. The result show that the kah particle always follow to the word. Kah particle can be remove according to the sentence elements that are focused. The existing of kah particle in the interrogative sentence is optionally. IntisariPartikel kah sebagai penanda tipe kalimat tanya mempunyai sifat/ciri khusus, yaitu: bersifat enklitis, manasuka, dan relatif berdistribusi bebas. Akibat sifat/ciri tersebut maka partikel tersebut mempunyai fungsi sebagai penegas kalimat. Di samping perihal tersebut, partikel kah juga mempunyai kemampuan berpindah letak sesuai dengan unsur bagian kalimat yang hendak ditegaskan; dan akibat kemampuan berpindah tempat maka kebaradaan partikel kah mampu bergabung dengan sekian banyak macam kelas kata. Adapun penerapan metode, baik metode pengumpulan data maupun metode klasifikasi dan analisis data sebagaimana yang diberlakukan dalam kegiatan penelitian linguistik. Yaitu: tahap pengumpulan data, tahap klasifikasi dan analisis data, dan tahap penyajian/penulisan laporan. Teori yang digunakan sehubungan pengkajian partikel kah iniadalah teori linguistik bidang sintaksis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa partikel kah selalu menempel pada kata. Partikel kah dapat berpindah letak sesuai dengan unsur kalimat yang dijadikan pemfokusan. Kehadiran partikel kah dalam kalimat tanya tidak bersifat wajib.
Analisis Unsur Intrinsik Dan Nilai-Nilai Yang Terkandung Dalam Cerpen Mirror, Mirror On The Wall Karya Dewi Lestari
Authors: Nimpuno Mirya Anggrahini 
Published: October 2018

This article entitled : Analisis Unsur Intrinsik dan Nilai-Nilai yang Terkandung dalam Cerpen Mirror, Mirror on The Wall karya Dewi Lestari.” The writer wants to show the theme, the characters, setting, and plot of the Cerpen. The writer used a structural approach method in conducting this research. In the structural approach method, the writer completed the research by studying the internal aspects of the cerpen. Based on the analysis, it indicates that major-protagonist character in Mirror, Mirror on The Wall, Saya because the story is dominated by Saya. Mereka is called the major-antagonist character because they are the master mind of the conflict. The theme of the story is about life is made of choices. The setting of the story are place, time, social that connects to the main character.
Participation and Performance Trends in the ITU Duathlon World Championship From 2003 to 2017
Authors: Nikolaidis Pantelis T. , Villiger Elias , Knechtle Beat 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Nikolaidis, PT, Villiger, E, and Knechtle, B. Participation and performance trends in the ITU Duathlon World Championship from 2003 to 2017. J Strength Cond Res 35(4): 1127–1133, 2021—Participation and performance across years have been studied extensively in various endurance and ultra-endurance sports; however, less information exists with regards to duathlon (i.e., Run 1, Bike, and Run 2). The aim of this study was to examine performance and participation trends of duathletes competing either to short (10-km Run 1, 50-km Bike, and 5-km Run 2) or to long distance (10-km Run 1, 150-km Bike, and 30-km Run 2) in the Powerman World Championship “Powerman Zofingen.” We analyzed 7,951 finishers (women, n = 1,236, age 36.7 ± 9.1 years; men, n = 6,715, 40.1 ± 10.1 years) competing in “Powerman Zofingen” from 2003 to 2017. Men were faster than women by 8.2% (171 ± 21 minutes vs. 186 ± 21 minutes, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.068) and 7.5% (502 ± 57 minutes vs. 543 ± 64 minutes, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.068) in the short and long distances, respectively. Women were younger than men by 4.6 years (35.0 ± 9.0 years vs. 39.6 ± 10.5 years, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.026) and 1.8 years (38.8 ± 8.7 years vs. 40.6 ± 9.5 years, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.005) in the short and long distances, respectively. An increase of women finishers across years in the long distance was observed (e.g., n = 19 in 2003 and n = 58 in 2017; p < 0.001), whereas no change was shown in short distance and men finishers. The men-to-women ratio (MWR) decreased across years in the long, but not in the short distance. No change of race time across years was observed. The sex difference in race time increased in long distance (p = 0.014), whereas it did not change in the short. Age increased across years in both sexes and distances (p < 0.001). The sex difference in age decreased in the long (p = 0.007), but not in the short distance. In summary, the number of women finishers increased and the MWR decreased in the long distance. The age of the finishers increased across years, and their performance remained unchanged. The increase of the sex difference in race time in the long distance might be attributed to the increased number of women finishers.