bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tuberculosis: Infection Control/Exposure Control Issues for Oral Healthcare Workers
Authors: Terezhalmy Geza T. , Porteous Nuala B. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAimThe aim is to present the essential elements of an infection control/exposure control plan for the oral healthcare setting with emphasis on tuberculosis (TB).Methods and MaterialsA comprehensive review of the literature was conducted with special emphasis on TB infection-control issues in the oral healthcare setting.ResultsCurrently available knowledge related to TB infection-control issues is supported by data derived from well-conducted trials or extensive controlled observations. In the absence of supportive data the information is supported with the best-informed, most authoritative opinion available.ConclusionEssential elements of an effective TB infection-control plan include a three-level hierarchy of administrative, environmental, and respiratory-protection controls.Clinical SignificanceStandard precautions provide the fabric for strategies to prevent or reduce the risk of exposure to bloodborne pathogens and other potentially infectious material. However, standard precautions are inadequate to prevent the spread of organisms through droplet nuclei 1-5 micron in diameter and additional measures are necessary to prevent the spread ofMycobacterium tuberculosis. Oral healthcare settings have been identified as outpatient settings in which patients with suspected or confirmed infectious TB disease are expected to be encountered. Therefore, oral healthcare settings must have a written TB infection-control program.CitationPorteous NB, Terezhalmy GT. Tuberculosis: Infection Control/Exposure Control Issues for Oral Healthcare Workers. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 January; (9)1:001-013.
Short Glass Fiber-reinforced Composite with a Semi-interpenetrating Polymer Network Matrix for Temporary Crowns and Bridges
Authors: Garoushi Sufyan , Vallittu Pekka K. , Lassila Lippo V. J. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Aims
The purpose of this study was to investigate the reinforcement effect of short E-glass fiber fillers on some mechanical properties of temporary crown and bridge (TCB) composite resin with a semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN).

Methods and Materials
Experimental temporary fiber reinforced (TFC) composite resin was prepared by mixing 15 wt% of short E-glass fibers (3 mm in length) with a 35 wt% of semi-IPN-resin (dual or chemical cure) with 50 wt% of silane treated particulate silica fillers using a high speed mixing device. Temporary crowns (n=6) and test specimens (2 × 2 × 25 mm3) (n=6) were made from the experimental TFC and conventional TCB composite (control, Protemp Garant, 3M-ESPE, St. Paul, MN, USA). A three-point bending test was done according to ISO standard 10477, and a compression loading test was carried out using a steel ball (Ø 3.0 mm) with a speed of 1.0 mm/min until fracture occurred. The degree of monomer conversion (DC%) of both composites was determined by Fourier transfer infrared (FTIR) spectrometry.

Results
The analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed both dual and chemical cure experimental TFC composite resins had statistically significant (p<0.05) higher flexural strengths (117 and 99 MPa, respectively) and compressive load-bearing capacity (730 and 623 N, respectively) compared to the control TCB composite resin (72 MPa, 549 N).

Conclusion
The use of short fiber fillers with semi-IPN polymer matrix yielded an improved mechanical performance compared to a conventional TCB composite resin.

Citation
Garoushi S, Vallittu PK, Lassila LVJ. Short Glass Fiber-reinforced Composite with a Semi-interpenetrating Polymer Network Matrix for Temporary Crowns and Bridges. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 January; (9)1:014-021.
Minimally Invasive Dentistry Using Sonic and Ultra-sonic Devices in Ultraconservative Class 2 Restorations
Authors: Tassery Hervé , Koubi Stephen 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Aim
Within the context of minimally invasive dentistry this article describes the sonic and ultrasonic cavity preparation techniques and assesses their advantages and disadvantages, clinical difficulties of their use, and offers a statement about these devices.

Background
Ultra-conservative Class 2 restorative techniques require the use of devices such as sonic and the new ultrasonic preparation systems. These systems, featuring a series of sonic and new ultra-sonic inserts, allow for the fabrication of preventive preparations on proximal surfaces without injuring the adjacent proximal surface or damaging the marginal ridge.

Review
An ultraconservative approach to the restoration of teeth with proximal caries that lack frank occlusal cavitation is facilitated by the use of slot-style cavity preparations created with sonic and ultrasonic instrumentation, and esthetic restorative materials.

Summary
New restorative procedures appear suitable for use in ultraconservative restorative dentistry. More frequent use of these procedures by dental practitioners could prevent the traditional breakdown of the marginal ridge when preparing a Class 2 dental restoration. When cautiously used, these two ultraconservative devices provide alternative operative procedures to treat carious lesions without frank occlusal cavitation and to promote another aspect of preventive dentistry.

Clinical Significance
New restorative procedures appear suitable for use in ultraconservative restorative dentistry. More frequent use of these procedures by dental practitioners could prevent the traditional breakdown of the marginal ridge when preparing a Class 2 dental restoration.

Citation
Koubi S, Tassery H. Minimally Invasive Dentistry Using Sonic and Ultra-sonic Devices in Ultraconservative Class 2 Restorations. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 February;(9)2:155-165.
Effect of the Crown Preparation Margin and Die Type on the Marginal Accuracy of Fiber-reinforced Composite Crowns
Authors: Ayad Mohamed F. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Aim
The objective of this laboratory investigation was to determine the effect of different preparation designs (light chamfer, deep chamfer, and shoulder) and die-making materials (stone and epoxy) on the resulting margin misfit for fiber-reinforced composite crowns using a measuring microscope.

Methods and Materials
Sixty standardized FibreKor crowns were made on stone and epoxy resin dies (n=30 each) duplicated from three metal master dies representing complete crown tooth preparation with a total convergence of 5°. For each die group, three of the tooth preparation designs were established in relation to the type of finish line (n=0 each) as follows: Group A (0.5-mm light chamfer finish line); Group B (1.0-mm deep chamfer finish line); and Group C (1.0-mm shoulder finish line). Marginal accuracy was evaluated by measuring the distances between each of four pairs of indentations on the crowns and on the dies with a Nikon measuring microscope.

Results
Analysis of seating measurements with parametric analysis of variance and Tukey's Studentized Range (HSD) disclosed a statistically significant difference for both tooth preparation design and die material (p< 0.001). However, the interaction effect was not significant (p=0.9073). The least marginal opening value was for FibreKor crowns made on epoxy resin dies with a light chamfer finish line (57 μm), but the difference was not statistically significantly different from crowns made on epoxy resin dies with a deep chamfer light chamfer finish line (61 μm). However, crowns made on epoxy resin dies with a shoulder finish line (81 μm) had significantly higher values (p< 0.05). FibreKor crowns made on stone dies with the shoulder finish line (95 μm) had statistically higher marginal opening values (p< 0.05). The least marginal opening value was for crowns made on stone dies with a light chamfer finish line (66 μm), but the difference was not statistically significantly different from crowns made on stone dies with a deep chamfer light chamfer finish line (70 μm).

Conclusions
Significant differences were found among the die material used for the shoulder margin design. However, there was no significant difference between light chamfer and deep chamfer margin designs for both die materials.

Citation
Ayad MF. Effect of the Crown Preparation Margin and Die Type on the Marginal Accuracy of Fiberreinforced Composite Crowns. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 February;(9)2:009-016.
Current Opinion on Drug-induced Oral Reactions: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Abdollahi Mohammad , Radfar Mania , Rahimi Roja 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Aim
The aim of this comprehensive review is to present an update to our previous review about drug-induced oral reactions. All drugs that may cause adverse effects in the mouth and related structures are reviewed.

Background
Every drug can produce untoward consequences even when used according to standard or recommended methods of administration. Adverse drug reactions can involve every organ and system of the body and are frequently mistaken for signs of underlying disease. The mouth and associated structures can also be affected by many drugs or chemicals. Good oral health including salivary function is very important in maintaining whole body health. Drug reactions can be categorized as to the parts of the oral complex such as the oral mucosa and tongue, periodontal tissues, dental structures, salivary glands, cleft lip and palate, muscles, and nerves.

Review Results
This review suggests the number of drugs and chemicals that can produce adverse or toxic reactions in the oral cavity are on the rise. An updated listing of offending drugs is provided along with current strategies for dealing with adverse reactions.

Conclusion
Clinicians must constantly update their knowledge of drugs used by their patients. Attention must be paid to their toxic and unwanted effects that in many cases may be similar to characteristics of common diseases.

Clinical Significance
Dentists and specialists of oral diseases should be aware of adverse drug oral reactions for better diagnosis of oral diseases, administration of drugs, and patient compliance during drug therapy.

Citation
Abdollahi M, Rahimi R, Radfar M. Current Opinion on Drug-induced Oral Reactions: A Comprehensive Review. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 March; (9)3:001-015.
Inflammatory Fibrous Hyperplasia Treated with a Modified Vestibuloplasty: A Case Report
Authors: Jaimes Miguel , Muñante Jose , Rodrizuez-Chessa Jaime Giuseppe , Olate Sergio , de Albergaria-Barbosa Jose Ricardo , Mazzonetto Renato , Kiüppel Leandro Eduardo 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Aim
The purpose of this report is to present a case of surgical and prosthetic treatment of a woman with inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia (IFH) and her evaluation during a six month period.

Background
IFH is a benign pathology, prevalent in female patients, and principally associated with ill-fitting prosthetic devices in need of adjustment. It is common for patients to require surgical removal of the hyperplastic tissue and fabrication of a new prosthesis.

Case Report
A 55-year-old female with a history of smoking presented with a chief complaint of missing the scheduled adjustment of her maxillary complete denture and the presence of moveable tissue under the denture. Surgical excision of the hyperplastic tissue followed with fixation of the prosthesis for six months to guide the healing of the soft tissue and to reshape the contours of the maxillary supporting tissues.

Summary
Surgical removal of hyperplasic soft tissue is a routine procedure, and the fixation of the prosthesis for the support of tissue during healing improves intraoral conditions for the fabrication of a new prosthesis in the future.

Citation
Jaimes M, Muñante J, Rodriguez-Chessa JG, Olate S, de Albergaria-Barbosa JR, Mazzonetto R, Klüppel LE. Inflammatory Fibrous Hyperplasia Treated with a Modified Vestibuloplasty: A Case Report. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 March; (9)3:135-141.
Saliva Composition and Functions: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Azevedo Luciana Reis , De Lima Antônio Adilson Soares , Machado Maria Ângela Naval , Grégio Ana Maria Trindade , de Almeida Patricia Del Vigna 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Aim
The aim of this study was to perform a literature review about the composition and functions of saliva as well as describe the factors that influence salivary flow (SF) and its biochemical composition.

Background
Saliva represents an increasingly useful auxiliary means of diagnosis. Sialometry and sialochemistry are used to diagnose systemic illnesses, monitoring general health, and as an indicator of risk for diseases creating a close relation between oral and systemic health.

Review
This review provides fundamental information about the salivary system in terms of normal values for SF and composition and a comprehensive review of the factors that affect this important system.

Conclusion
Since several factors can influence salivary secretion and composition, a strictly standardized collection must be made so the above-mentioned exams are able to reflect the real functioning of the salivary glands and serve as efficient means for monitoring health.

Clinical Significance
Since many oral and systemic conditions manifest themselves as changes in the flow and composition of saliva the dental practitioner is advised to remain up-to-date with the current literature on the subject.

Citation
de Almeida PDV, Grégio AMT, Machado MÂN, de Lima AAS, Azevedo LR. Saliva Composition and Functions: A Comprehensive Review. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 March; (9)3:072-080.
Improved Plaque Removal Efficacy with a New Manual Toothbrush
Authors: Biesbrock Aaron R. , Bartizek Robert D. , Walters Patricia A. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Aim
To compare the safety and efficacy of two manual toothbrushes, Oral-B Exceed and Asian Colgate 360°, in removing plaque.

Methods and Materials
The study used an examiner-blind, two-treatment, randomized, four-period (visits) crossover design. At the first visit, subjects received a baseline plaque examination; plaque was scored using the Rustogi et al. Modified Navy Plaque Index (RMNPI) and the Turesky et al. Modified Quigley-Hein Plaque Index (TQHPI). Subjects used their assigned toothbrush for one minute. Post-brushing plaque was assessed. The following three visits were separated by an interval of two to six days. At each visit, subjects were assigned brushes according to their treatment sequence and plaque was scored per the first visit.

Results
Forty-eight subjects were enrolled in the study; 47 were included in the analysis. Both brushes were found to be safe and both significantly reduced plaque after a single brushing. The Oral-B Exceed was significantly (p<0.001) better than the Asian Colgate 360° at removing whole mouth plaque (18.1% using TQHPI; 9% using RMNPI). The Oral-B Exceed was also significantly better at removing marginal (p=0.001) and approximal (p=0.022) plaque.

Conclusion
The Oral-B Exceed brush removed significantly more whole mouth, approximal, and gingival margin plaque than the Asian Colgate 360° in a four-period crossover clinical comparison.

Citation
Biesbrock AR, Bartizek RD, Walters PA. Improved Plaque Removal Efficacy with a New Manual Toothbrush. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 May; (9)4:001-008.
Relative Impact of Patient Characteristics and Radiographic Variables on the Difficulty of Removing Impacted Mandibular Third Molars
Authors: Akadiri Oladimeji A. , Obiechina Ambrose E. , Arotiba Juwon T. , Fasola Abiodun O. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Aim
The aim of this study was to assess the relative contributions of patient characteristics and radiographic variables to the difficulty of extraction of impacted mandibular third molars in a Nigerian population.

Methods and Materials
Seventy-nine consecutive patients undergoing mandibular third molar extractions were recruited for this prospective cohort study. Specific patient characteristics and radiographic variables were recorded. All extractions were performed under local anesthesia by the same oral surgeon, and the surgical difficulty was assessed based on the duration of surgery.

Results
Body weight (BW) (P=0.009) and body surface area (BSA) (P=0.004) were the significant patient characteristics while tooth impaction depth (P=0.002), number of roots (P=0.035), and tooth angulation (P=0.003) were the significant radiographic variables associated with surgical difficulty using a univariate analysis. A multiple linear regression model was constructed with these variables using surgical difficulty as the dependent variable. Radiographic factors were found to be the more important determinants of surgical difficulty with the depth of impaction (P=0.038) being the singular most important factor.

Conclusion
Although the difficulty of surgical removal of impacted lower third molars is dependent on BW, BSA, impaction depth, tooth angulation, and the number of roots, radiographic variables were of greater importance with impaction depth being the most important single factor.

Citation
Akadiri OA, Obiechina AE, Arotiba JT, Fasola AO. Relative Impact of Patient Characteristics and Radiographic Variables on the Difficulty of Removing Impacted Mandibular Third Molars. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 May; (9)4:051-058.
Survey of Talon Cusps in the Permanent Dentition of a Turkish Population
Authors: Gündüz Kaan , Çelenk Peruze 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Aim
Talon cusp is the name given to the accessory tubercles located on the lingual faces of anterior teeth. The occurrence of talon cusps has been reported among Europeans and Asians. However, there are few reports of this anomaly in Caucasians as well as a paucity of literature on its characteristics. Today there are seven million Turkish citizens of Caucasian origin that have settled in the Marmara, Central-Anatolia, East-Anatolia, and Black Sea regions of Turkey. The aim of this study is to present 27 Caucasian cases with 33 taloned teeth. This study is the first that was undertaken to investigate the characteristics of talon cusps in a group of Turkish people.

Methods and Materials
A survey of 27 patients examined in the Department of Oral Diagnosis and Radiology at Ondokuz Mayıs University in Samsun, Turkey between January, 2003 and June, 2006 was conducted. Their ages ranged from seven to 33 years. A total of 33 talon cusps were diagnosed in the 27 patients. The patients’ records and radiographs were evaluated and the following variables were studied: age, sex distribution, affected tooth, type of talon cusp, radiographic evidence of pulp extension, and associated dental anomalies and complications.

Results
There were 13 male and 14 female patients with a gender ratio of approximately 1:1. Ten of 33 talon cusps (30%) were seen in maxillary right central incisors while four cases (12%) were in maxillary left central incisors and nine cases (27%) were in maxillary right lateral incisors. Eight cases (24%) were seen in maxillary left lateral incisors, one case (3%) was in a mandibular right central incisor, and one case (3%) was in a mandibular left canine. Fifteen (15) of the 33 talon cusps were Type 1 talons (45%), while eight cases (24%) were Type 2 talons and ten cases (30%) were Type 3 talons. Twelve of the 33 talon cusps (36%) showed radiographic evidence of pulpal extension into the tubercule on periapical radiographs. One patient had gemination (3%) on the maxillary permanent incisors and two patients had mesiodens (6%) in the maxillary anterior region.

Conclusion
The talon cusp remains as one of the more uncommon dental anomalies worldwide and in Turkey and presents with different clinical features.

Clinical Significance
The talon cusp may be more likely to be associated with other odontogenic anomalies and some systemic conditions; early recognition of this anomaly is essential to provide proper treatment.

Citation
Gündüz K, Çelenk P. Survey of Talon Cusps in the Permanent Dentition of a Turkish Population. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 July; (9)5:084-091.
Central Incisor Impacted by an Odontoma
Authors: da Costa Catiara Terra , Torriani Dione Dias , Torriani Marcos Antônio , da Silva Raquel Barbieri 
Published: July 2019

Aim
The aim of this report is to present a clinical case of impaction of a maxillary left central incisor in a mixed dentition caused by the presence of an odontoma as well as a review of the pertinent dental literature.

Background
Knowledge of the normal tooth eruption patterns is essential for the identification and appropriate treatment of deviations in eruption that may endanger physiologic development. A delay in time between the exfoliation of a deciduous tooth and the eruption of its permanent successor may be related to a disorder known as dental retention. This occurs when tooth eruption does not occur within a normal time frame, the tooth is not present in the dental arch, and there is no potential for eruption due to the presence of a completely formed root or when the homologous tooth has been erupted for at least six months with complete root formation.

Report
A 10-year-old boy in the mixed dentition stage presented with an impacted maxillary left central incisor due to the presence of an odontoma. Treatment included the surgical removal of the lesion and the follow up of the spontaneous eruption while a partial fixed appliance was used to recover the space of the missing tooth. Since spontaneous eruption failed to occur within the expected time frame, surgical exposition of the crown and bonding of an orthodontic appliance for traction was done to facilitate eruption.

Summary
The incisor was integrated to the dental arch without any root or periodontal sequelae. The treatment was considered a success, since both health and aesthetics of the smile were recovered. The importance of the clinical and radiographic diagnosis of the retention of a permanent tooth associated with a pathological entity should be emphasized. The participation of a multidisciplinary team to accomplish the appropriate treatment of such patients is extremely relevant because of the esthetic and functional ramifications of a missing anterior tooth as well as the psychological well-being of the individual.

Citation
Costa CT, Torriani DD, Torriani MA, da Silva RB. Central Incisor Impacted by an Odontoma. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 September; (9)6:122-128.