bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Revival of traditional best practices for rangeland restoration under climate change in the dry areas
Authors: Ouled Belgacem Azaiez , Ben Salem Farah , Gamoun Mouldi , Chibani Roukaya , Louhaichi Mounir 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the benefits of reintroducing traditional grazing systems practices for improving arid rangelands. Grazing is the most extensive land use in southern Tunisia, but the rangelands have suffered many decades of severe degradation due to profound socioeconomic changes and the emergence of an agro-pastoral society in place of the former pastoral one. Traditional grazing systems (gdel and herd mobility), which had historically allowed for grazing deferment and control of grazing livestock were abandoned. Yet grazing management strategies are important tools to sustain integrated livestock rangeland production systems in dry areas in the face of ongoing climate change and human pressure.

Design/methodology/approach
This study assesses the revival of traditional best practices of rangeland resting in a representative community. Total plant cover, species composition, flora richness and range production were determined in six rangeland sites subjected respectively to one, two and three years of rest; one and two years of light grazing after rest; and free grazing (control).

Findings
Results showed that dry rangelands keep their resilience to the negative effects of climate change once human pressure is controlled. A maximum of two years of rest is enough to sustainably manage the rangelands in southern Tunisia, as this protection showed considerable and positive effects on the parameters scored.

Originality/value
The revival of the traditional best practices under new arrangements adapted to current biophysical and socioeconomic conditions would be an excellent tool to mitigate the negative effects of frequent droughts and reduce the animal feed costs that poor farmers face.
Optimization of texture geometry for a rotating ring to maximum load-carrying capacity
Authors: Tian Zaihao , Ma Jin-Kui , Changhou Lu , Chen Shu-Jiang 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to maximize the load-carrying capacity (LCC) of a rotating ring, a numerical model optimizing both the surface and bottom shape of its surface textures is proposed.

Design/methodology/approach
The Reynolds equation is used to evaluate the film pressure and LCC obtained by integrating the film pressure is set as the objective function. Around the center of the computational domain, radial lines with an equal angle between adjacent ones are produced and the surface contour of textures is obtained by connecting the endpoints using a spline curve. The bottom profile is then obtained by connecting the endpoints of two vertical lines at the circumferential ends of textures. Lengths of these lines are set as design variables and genetic algorithm is used to solve optimization models.

Findings
Results show that optimum textures have an “apple-like” surface contour and a “wedge-like” bottom profile, which are both expressed by smooth spline curves. Optimum wedge-bottom textures generate higher LCC than optimum flat-bottom textures. Moreover, the optimum textures have the highest LCC compared with optimum grooves proposed previously, which validates the practical value of the current optimization model.

Originality/value
This work presents a comprehensive optimization method of texture geometry, which provides a new idea of the design of surface textures.
Signs of Safety: lessons learnt from evaluations
Authors: Baginsky Mary , Moriarty Jo , Manthorpe Jill 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
Signs of Safety (SoS) is a strengths-based approach to child protection casework that has been widely adopted in countries across the world. The purpose of this paper is to report on a study that aimed to synthesise the many evaluations of SoS that have been conducted to assess their strengths and limitations. The intention is to identify the aspects which should be explored further and those that remain unexamined to inform future evaluations.

Design/methodology/approach
The study collated and then examined many of the evaluations that are in the public domain as well as some of those that were conducted within agencies and have not been made publicly available.

Findings
At the present time (early 2019), the evidence base for SoS is limited. Independent, robust research needs to be undertaken over time to build on the studies that have been conducted. New research must be designed to fill gaps and be capable of producing the evidence required and it must address its own limitations.

Originality/value
This study is the most comprehensive contemporary review of the evaluations of SoS that have been conducted to the best of the authors’ knowledge.
Time-varying response of treasury yields to monetary policy shocks
Authors: Mbarek Lassaâd , Marfatia Hardik A. , Juko Sonja 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
This paper aims to examine the Treasury bond yields response to monetary policy shocks in Tunisia under a heterogeneous economic environment.

Design/methodology/approach
Using a traditional fixed coefficient model, the impact of monetary policy changes on the term structure of interest rates for the whole period from January 2006 to December 2016 is estimated first. Then the stability of this relationship by distinguishing two sub-periods around the revolution of January 2011 is studies. To investigate how the relationship between the monetary policy and the Treasury yield curve evolves over time, a time-varying parameter model is estimated.

Findings
The results show that the impact of monetary policy is more pronounced at the short end of the yield curve relative to the longer end. Furthermore, this impact declines significantly across all maturities following the revolution and exhibits wide time variation. This evidence supports the negative influence of high levels of uncertainty on monetary policy effectiveness and highlights the desirability of more active monetary policy, especially in turbulent environment.

Research limitations/implications
The impact of uncertainty on the effectiveness of monetary policy shocks needs to be explored further in future research to understand the structural sources of uncertainty and their dynamic interactions with monetary policy and risk aversion in asset markets.

Practical implications
A more active role of the central bank to influence the yield curve mainly through Treasury bond purchases covering medium and long maturities may be warranted. Communication also needs to be reinforced to ensure predictability of the monetary policy stance.

Originality/value
This paper extends the empirical literature on the pass-through of monetary policy to interest rates for an emerging country in context of transition by estimating a state-space model to test the time-varying behavior and examine the influence of increased economic uncertainty on monetary policy effectiveness.
Risk models vs characteristic models from an investor’s perspective
Authors: Fieberg Christian , Varmaz Armin , Poddig Thorsten 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the implications of the risk versus characteristic debate from the perspective of a mean-variance investor.

Design/methodology/approach
Expected returns and the variance-covariance matrix are estimated based on various characteristic and risk models and evaluated for the purpose of mean-variance portfolios.

Findings
Return estimates from characteristic models are most informative to investors. Risk-factor models provide the most informative estimates of the risk. A mean-variance investor should rely on combinations of the two model types.

Originality/value
Although the risk vs characteristic debate is a binary academic debate, our findings from an investor's perspective suggest to make use of the best of both worlds.
The effect of consumer emotions on outcome behaviors following service failure
Authors: Harrison-Walker L. Jean 
Published: July 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the role of emotions that consumers experience following service failures and to assess the effects of each of these emotions on important behavioral outcomes.Design/methodology/approachThis paper extends the work of Wetzer et al. (2007) and draws upon the existing literature to test a series of research hypotheses tying emotions to four important behavioral outcomes primarily using stepwise regression.FindingsWhen a service failure occurs, customers experience any of a variety of negative emotions. The effect on behavioral outcomes depends on the specific emotion experienced by the consumer. The current research, which benefits by using retrospective experience sampling, finds that frustration is the predominant emotion experienced by customers following service failure, but that anger, regret and frustration affect behavioral outcomes. Uncertainty also plays a role.Research limitations/implicationsFuture research should investigate the antecedents of propensity for emotions and predisposition toward industries, as well as the consequences of word-of-mouth (WOM) praise and WOM activity. Additionally, emotions could be examined by service stage. Several other moderators could be investigated, including severity, complaining behavior, repeat occurrence, service importance, remedies and forgiveness, product vs process failures, tenure, gender and age.Practical implicationsThe current research emphasizes the importance of understanding which emotion is being experienced by a customer following service failure to identify the behavioral outcomes that will be most impacted. The specific managerial implications depend upon the specific emotional response experienced by the customer and are discussed separately for anger, regret and frustration. Service personnel must be trained to recognize and address specific customer emotions rather than to provide a canned or generalized response.Originality/valueTo date, there has been little, if any, systematic research into the effects of multiple discrete negative emotions on multiple desirable behavioral outcomes. The current study examines six discrete emotions. Predominant emotions are differentiated from emotional intensity. The behavioral outcomes of reconciliation and reduced share-of-wallet are added to the traditional outcomes of repatronage intentions and negative WOM. While existing research tends to rely on a scenario approach, this study uses the retrospective experience sampling method. The authors distinguish between mixed emotions and multiple emotions. The relative effects of disappointment and regret are examined for each of the four outcomes. Finally, importance-performance map analysis was applied to the findings to prioritize managerial attention. Numerous managerial and research implications are identified.
System dynamics models for the simulation of sustainable urban development
Authors: Pejic Bach Mirjana , Tustanovski Emil , Ip Andrew W.H. , Yung Kai-Leung , Roblek Vasja 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
System dynamics is a whole-system modelling and learning approach, useful for tackling non-linear problems, such as sustainable urban development. The purpose of this paper is to review system dynamics applications in the simulation of sustainable urban development over a period from 2005 to 2017.

Design/methodology/approach
The analysis reveals that the number of applications of system dynamics modelling in the area of urban sustainable development increased in the analysed period. Research has changed its focus from the modelling of environmental problems to more complex models, portraying the multidimensional socio-economic processes that have an impact on the sustainability of urban development. Analysed case studies most often use the behaviour reproduction test for model validation, but without a unified approach. In most cases, modelling has been done in China, Germany and the USA, while urban development in the Eastern European countries, Africa and Latin America has not often been investigated. This paper indicates the knowledge gaps and suggests future research directions.

Findings
Papers that report the use of system dynamics modelling reveal a wide range of applications in urban sustainability. The analysis shows significant emphasis on environmental problems, while the interest for modelling social problems has been increasing during the last several years. Most of the modelled problems examine the sustainability of resources (land, water) and waste management, which are used for insights into the reasons for the system behaviour, forecasting future behaviour and policy testing.

Originality/value
The presented models were developed in most cases for the purpose of understanding the phenomena examined, as well as the future use of the models in policy planning. This brings us back to the need for greater stakeholder involvement, not only in the initial phase, but also during the whole modelling process, which could increase understanding, use and ownership of the models in the future, and thus increase their practical application.
User experience of e-government: the Nigeria Immigration Service
Authors: Okunola Olaseni Muritala , Rowley Jennifer 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to identify key considerations influencing the adoption and use of e-government services by providing insights into users’ views of their experience of an e-government service in a developing country, the website of the Nigeria Immigration Service (NIS).

Design/methodology/approach
An online questionnaire-based survey was conducted to capture perceptions of the user experience with the NIS website. Descriptive statistics for each of the factors that contribute to the user experience are reported and discussed, with reference to open comments and previous literature. These factors are security and support, trust, ease of use, website quality, content and information, perceived benefits, convenience and perceived barriers.

Findings
There is strong evidence of concern in relation to the security of financial transactions, the use of personal data and trustworthiness, which is aggravated by inadequate user support. There is a lack of consensus regarding ease of use, website quality and content and information. In terms of barriers and benefits, there was a general agreement that the website offered greater convenience than alternative channels, but some concerns were identified regarding the reliability of technology, and, for users in Nigeria, the reliability of the electricity supply.

Originality/value
This paper adds to the very sparse literature on e-government in Nigeria, as well as extending consideration of the public value approach to e-government in developing countries.
Anti-psychotic medication decision making during pregnancy: a co-produced research study
Authors: Pinfold Vanessa , Dare Ceri , Hamilton Sarah , Kaur Harminder , Lambley Ruth , Nicholls Vicky , Petersen Irene , Szymczynska Paulina , Walker Charlotte , Stevenson Fiona 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to understand how women with a diagnosis of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder approach medication decision making in pregnancy.

Design/methodology/approach
The study was co-produced by university academics and charity-based researchers. Semi-structured interviews were conducted by three peer researchers who have used anti-psychotic medication and were of child bearing age. Participants were women with children under five, who had taken anti-psychotic medication in the 12 months before pregnancy. In total, 12 women were recruited through social media and snowball techniques. Data were analyzed following a three-stage process.

Findings
The accounts highlighted decisional uncertainty, with medication decisions situated among multiple sources of influence from self and others. Women retained strong feelings of personal ownership for their decisions, whilst also seeking out clinical opinion and accepting they had constrained choices. Two styles of decision making emerged: shared and independent. Shared decision making involved open discussion, active permission seeking, negotiation and coercion. Independent women-led decision making was not always congruent with medical opinion, increasing pressure on women and impacting pregnancy experiences. A common sense self-regulation model explaining management of health threats resonated with women’s accounts.

Practical implications
Women should be helped to manage decisional conflict and the emotional impact of decision making including long term feelings of guilt. Women experienced interactions with clinicians as lacking opportunities for enhanced support except in specialist perinatal services. This is an area that should be considered in staff training, supervision, appraisal and organization review.

Originality/value
This paper uses data collected in a co-produced research study including peer researchers.
Twenty‐four‐week interim analysis from a phase 3 open‐label trial of adalimumab in Japanese patients with moderate to severe hidradenitis suppurativa
Authors: Morita Akimichi , Takahashi Hidetoshi , Ozawa Kentaro , Imafuku Shinichi , Nakama Takekuni , Takahashi Kenzo , Matsuyama Takashi , Okubo Yukari , Kitamura Susumu , Matsuda Naoto , Zhao Yiwei , Yokoyama Masayuki , Hayashi Nobukazu , Terui Tadashi 
Published: July 2019

AbstractHidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic skin disease characterized by recurrent painful inflamed nodules/abscesses and draining fistulas that negatively impact quality of life. Adalimumab, a monoclonal antibody against tumor necrosis factor‐α, has been approved in the EU, USA and Japan for the treatment of moderate to severe HS. This is an interim analysis of an ongoing phase 3, multicenter, open‐label, single‐arm study of the safety and efficacy of adalimumab weekly dosing in Japanese patients with moderate to severe HS. Fifteen patients received adalimumab 160 mg at week 0, 80 mg at week 2 and 40 mg every week thereafter starting at week 4. The fulfillment of Hidradenitis Suppurativa Clinical Response was assessed under adalimumab treatment; clinical response was assessed by skin pain, total abscess and inflammatory nodule count and modified Sartorius score; and quality of life and safety were assessed. At week 12, 86.7% of patients achieved clinical response, with improvements at week 12 across the primary and secondary end points generally sustained through week 24. Adalimumab weekly dosing was generally safe and well tolerated with no new safety findings through week 24. These results suggest that adalimumab is effective and well tolerated in Japanese patients with moderate to severe HS.
Germination timing and chilling exposure create contingency in life history and influence fitness in the native wildflower Streptanthus tortuosus
Authors: Gremer Jennifer R. , Wilcox Chenoa J. , Chiono Alec , Suglia Elena , Schmitt Johanna 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

The timing of life history events, such as germination and reproduction, influences ecological and selective environments throughout the life cycle. Many organisms evolve responses to seasonal environmental cues to synchronize these key events with favourable conditions. Often the fitness consequences of each life history transition depend on previous and subsequent events in the life cycle. If so, shifts in environmental cues can create cascading effects throughout the life cycle, which can influence fitness, selection on life history traits, and population viability.

We examined variation in cue responses for contingent life history expression and fitness in a California native wildflower, Streptanthus tortuosus, by manipulating seasonal germination timing in a common garden experiment. We also manipulated chilling exposure to test the role of vernalization cues for seasonal life history contingency.

Plants germinating early in the growing season in autumn were more likely to flower in the first year and less likely to perennate than later germinants in spring. First‐year reproduction and overall fitness was the highest for autumn cohorts. Sensitivity analyses showed that optimal germination date depended on survival beyond the first year and fruit production in later years.

Experimental chilling exposure induced first‐year flowering in spring germinants, demonstrating that seasonal life history contingency is mediated by a vernalization requirement. This requirement reduced fitness of spring germinants without increasing survival or later fecundity and may be maladaptive. Such mismatches between cues and fitness may become more pervasive as predicted climate change reduces exposure to chilling, shortens growing seasons, and increases severity of summer drought.

Synthesis. Shifts in germination timing in seasonal environments can cause cascading effects on trait expression and fitness that extend beyond the first year of the life cycle. Climate change is likely to shift seasonal conditions, influencing such life history contingency, with significant impacts on trait expression, fitness, and population persistence. These shifts may cause strong natural selection on cue sensitivity and life history expression, but it is an open question whether populations have the potential for rapid adaptation in response to this selection.
Spatial variations of soil silicon availability and biogenic silicon flux in a lowland tropical forest in Malaysia
Authors: Ishizawa Hidehiro , Niiyama Kaoru , Iida Yoshiko , Shari Nur H. Z. , Ripin Azizi , Kitajima Kaoru 
Published: July 2019

AbstractTropical tree species differ widely in their silicon (Si) accumulation patterns, but the implications of such species differences for ecosystem Si flux remain unexplored. We analyzed how biogenic Si flux via leaf litter and soil Si availability in the upper soil vary spatially within a 2 ha area in a lowland Dipterocarp forest in Peninsular Malaysia. Silicon concentration per unit leaf dry mass of 86 dominant tree species in this plot ranged from 0.4 to 126 mg/g. Soil Si availability at 100 sampling points and Si flux via leaf litter at 66 litter traps showed large variations up to 3.3‐ and 17.9‐folds, respectively. However, they correlated neither with each other nor with the expected Si flux from tree species composition in the neighborhood. When we classified tree species to four groups by their leaf Si concentrations (negligible, low, moderate and high), tree species with moderate leaf Si concentrations were significantly more abundant on Si‐rich soils. In contrast, the other three groups did not show any significant spatial relationships with soil Si availability. These results indicate that soil Si availability, Si accumulation by vegetation and Si flux via leaf litter show wide spatial variations in a lowland tropical forest, without a simple relationship with each other.