bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increasing the Spatial Resolution of BTF Measurement with Scheimpflug Imaging
Authors: Havran V. , Hošek J. , Němcová Š. , Čáp J. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractWe present an improved way of acquiring spatially varying surface reflectance represented by a bidirectional texture function (BTF). Planar BTF samples are measured as images at several inclination angles which puts constraints on the minimum depth of field of cameras used in the measurement instrument. For standard perspective imaging, we show that the size of a sample measured and the achievable spatial resolution are strongly interdependent and limited by diffraction at the lens' aperture. We provide a formula for this relationship. We overcome the issue of the required depth of field by using Scheimpflug imaging further enhanced by an anamorphic attachment. The proposed optics doubles the spatial resolution of images compared to standard perspective imaging optics. We built an instrument prototype with the proposed optics that is portable and allows for measurement on site. We show rendered images using the visual appearance measured by the instrument prototype.
MyEvents: A Personal Visual Analytics Approach for Mining Key Events and Knowledge Discovery in Support of Personal Reminiscence
Authors: Parvinzamir F. , Zhao Y. , Deng Z. , Dong F. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractReminiscence is an important aspect in our life. It preserves precious memories, allows us to form our own identities and encourages us to accept the past. Our work takes the advantage of modern sensor technologies to support reminiscence, enabling self‐monitoring of personal activities and individual movement in space and time on a daily basis. This paper presents MyEvents, a web‐based personal visual analytics platform designed for non‐computing experts, that allows for the collection of long‐term location and movement data and the generation of event mementos. Our research is focused on two prominent goals in event reminiscence: (1) selection subjectivity and human involvement in the process of self‐knowledge discovery and memento creation; and (2) the enhancement of event familiarity by presenting target events and their related information for optimal memory recall and reminiscence. A novel multi‐significance event ranking model is proposed to determine significant events in the personal history according to user preferences for event category, frequency and regularity. The evaluation results show that MyEvents effectively fulfils the reminiscence goals and tasks.
The cost of treating diabetic ketoacidosis in an adolescent population in the UK: a national survey of hospital resource use
Authors: Dhatariya K. K. , Parsekar K. , Skedgel C. , Datta V. , Hill P. , Fordham R. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAimsAdolescents with Type 1 diabetes commonly experience episodes of ketoacidosis. In 2014, we conducted a nationwide survey on the management of diabetic ketoacidosis in young people. The survey reported how individual adolescents with diabetes were managed. However, the costs of treating diabetic ketoacidosis were not reported.MethodsUsing this mixed population sample of adolescents, we took a ‘bottom‐up’ approach to cost analysis aiming to determine the total expense associated with treating diabetic ketoacidosis. The data were derived using the information from the national UK survey of 71 individuals, collected via questionnaires sent to specialist paediatric diabetes services in England and Wales.ResultsSeveral assumptions had to be made when analysing the data because the initial survey collection tool was not designed with a health economic model in mind. The mean time to resolution of diabetic ketoacidosis was 15.0 h [95% confidence interval (CI) 13.2, 16.8] and the mean total length of stay was 2.4 days (95% CI 1.9, 3.0). Based on data for individuals and using the British Society of Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (BSPED) guidelines, the cost analysis shows that for this cohort, the average cost for an episode of diabetic ketoacidosis was £1387 (95% CI 1120, 1653). Regression analysis showed a significant cost saving of £762 (95% CI 140, 1574; P = 0.04) among those treated using BSPED guidelines.ConclusionWe have used a bottom‐up approach to calculate the costs of an episode of diabetic ketoacidosis in adolescents. These data suggest that following treatment guidelines can significantly lower the costs for managing episodes of diabetic ketoacidosis.
Circadian rhythm of redox state regulates membrane excitability in hippocampal CA1 neurons
Authors: Naseri Kouzehgarani Ghazal , Bothwell Mia Y. , Gillette Martha U. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBehaviors, such as sleeping, foraging, and learning, are controlled by different regions of the rat brain, yet they occur rhythmically over the course of day and night. They are aligned adaptively with the day‐night cycle by an endogenous circadian clock in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), but local mechanisms of rhythmic control are not established. The SCN expresses a ~24‐hr oscillation in reduction‐oxidation that modulates its own neuronal excitability. Could circadian redox oscillations control neuronal excitability elsewhere in the brain? We focused on the CA1 region of the rat hippocampus, which is known for integrating information as memories and where clock gene expression undergoes a circadian oscillation that is in anti‐phase to the SCN. Evaluating long‐term imaging of endogenous redox couples and biochemical determination of glutathiolation levels, we observed oscillations with a ~24 hr period that is 180° out‐of‐phase to the SCN. Excitability of CA1 pyramidal neurons, primary hippocampal projection neurons, also exhibits a rhythm in resting membrane potential that is circadian time‐dependent and opposite from that of the SCN. The reducing reagent glutathione rapidly and reversibly depolarized the resting membrane potential of CA1 neurons; the magnitude is time‐of‐day‐dependent and, again, opposite from the SCN. These findings extend circadian redox regulation of neuronal excitability from the SCN to the hippocampus. Insights into this system contribute to understanding hippocampal circadian processes, such as learning and memory, seizure susceptibility, and memory loss with aging.
Kantian constructivism and the authority of others
Authors: Tarasenko‐Struc Aleksy 
Published: January 2019

AbstractI argue that Christine Korsgaard's Kantian constructivism cannot accommodate our obligations to others. Because she holds that all of our obligations are grounded in our obligating ourselves, she is committed to the view that our obligations to others are grounded in corresponding obligations to ourselves. Yet this conclusion is objectionable on substantive moral grounds. The problem is that she embraces an egocentric conception of authority, on which we originally have the authority to obligate ourselves whereas others only have the authority to obligate us because we grant it to them. The solution is to adopt a more thoroughly social conception of authority and autonomy.
100‐year time series reveal little morphological change following impoundment and predator invasion in two Neotropical characids
Authors: Geladi Ilke , De León Luis Fernando , Torchin Mark E. , Hendry Andrew P. , González Rigoberto , Sharpe Diana M.T. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractHuman activities are dramatically altering ecosystems worldwide, often resulting in shifts in selection regimes. In response, natural populations sometimes undergo rapid phenotypic changes, which, if adaptive, can increase their probability of persistence. However, in many instances, populations fail to undergo any phenotypic change, which might indicate a variety of possibilities, including maladaptation. In freshwater ecosystems, the impoundment of rivers and the introduction of exotic species are among the leading threats to native fishes. We examined how the construction of the Panama Canal, which formed Lake Gatun, and the subsequent invasion of the predatory Cichla monoculus influenced the morphology of two native fishes: Astyanax ruberrimus and Roeboides spp. Using a 100‐year time series, we studied variation in overall body shape over time (before vs. after impoundment and invasion) as well as across space (between an invaded and an uninvaded reservoir). In addition, we examined variation in linear morphological traits associated with swim performance and predator detection/avoidance. Notwithstanding a few significant changes in particular traits in particular comparisons, we found only limited evidence for morphological change associated with these two stressors. Most observed changes were subtle, and tended to be site‐ and species‐specific. The lack of a strong morphological response to these stressors, coupled with dramatic population declines in both species, suggests they may be maladapted to the anthropogenically perturbed environment of Lake Gatun, but direct measures of fitness would be needed to test this. In general, our results suggest that morphological responses to anthropogenic disturbances can be very limited and, when they do occur, are often complex and context‐dependent.
Pantarsal arthrodesis in a pony using a locking compression plate
Authors: Vlahos T. 
Published: January 2019

SummaryThis report describes a case of pantarsal arthrodesis for the treatment of a comminuted fracture and luxation of the equine tarsus using a locking compression plate (LCP). A 20‐year‐old, 250‐kg Welsh Pony cross presented with a severely comminuted fracture of the right tarsus. A dorsal approach to the tarsus was made and a 14‐hole, 5.5‐mm LCP was used to achieve arthrodesis. The pony was maintained in a full‐limb cast for 30 days post‐operatively. The incision healed by primary intention, and no surgical complications developed. The pony maintained excellent use of the limb and returned to pasture soundness.
Trading on Private Information: Evidence from Members of Congress
Authors: Karadas Serkan 
Published: January 2019

AbstractI examine the stock trades of members of Congress and find that over 2004–2010 the buy‐minus‐sell portfolios of powerful Republicans have the highest abnormal returns, exceeding 35% on an annual basis under a one‐week holding period. Among powerful Republicans, the abnormal returns are mostly concentrated in the portfolios of those with less trading experience. I also find that the positive abnormal returns disappear after the Stop Trading on Congressional Knowledge (STOCK) Act was passed in 2012. My results imply that the STOCK Act affected politicians' incentives to trade on private information, which they acquired through their power and party membership.
Withdrawn: Three One‐Factor Processes for Option Pricing with a Mean‐Reverting Underlying: The Case of VIX
Authors: Zhao Bo , Yan Cheng , Hodges Stewart 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe above article from the Financial Review, published online on 6 January 2019 in Wiley Online Library (https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/fire.12183), has been withdrawn by agreement between Srini Krishnamurthy and Richard Warr, the Editors‐in‐Chief, and Wiley Periodicals, Inc. The withdrawal has been agreed because it became evident after publication that sufficient written permission from the coauthors was not collected by the corresponding author prior to publication.
Plant diversity loss reduces soil respiration across terrestrial ecosystems
Authors: Chen Xinli , Chen Han Y. H. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe rapid global biodiversity loss has led to the decline in ecosystem function. Despite the critical importance of soil respiration (Rs) in the global carbon and nutrient cycles, how plant diversity loss affects Rs remains uncertain. Here we present a meta‐analysis using 446 paired observations from 95 published studies to evaluate the effects of plant and litter mixtures on Rs and its components. We found that total Rs and heterotrophic respiration (Rh) were, on average, greater in plant mixtures than expected from those of monocultures. These mixture effects increased with increasing species richness (SR) in both plant and litter mixtures. While the positive effects of species mixtures remained similar over time for total Rs, they increased over time for Rh in plant mixtures but decreased in litter mixtures. Despite the wide range of variations in mean annual temperature, annual aridity index, and ecosystem types, the plant mixture effects on total Rs and Rh did not change geographically, except for a more pronounced increase of total Rs in species mixtures with reduced water availability. Our structural equation models suggested that the positive effects of SR and stand age on total and Rh were driven by increased plant inputs and soil microbial biomass. Our results suggest that plant diversity loss has ubiquitous negative impacts on Rs, one of the fundamental carbon‐cycle processes sustaining terrestrial element cycling and ecosystem function.
End‐of‐life priorities of older adults with terminal illness and caregivers: A qualitative consultation
Authors: Lewis Ebony T. , Harrison Reema , Hanly Laura , Psirides Alex , Zammit Alexandra , McFarland Kathryn , Dawson Angela , Hillman Ken , Barr Margo , Cardona Magnolia 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackgroundAs older adults approach the end‐of‐life (EOL), many are faced with complex decisions including whether to use medical advances to prolong life. Limited information exists on the priorities of older adults at the EOL.ObjectiveThis study aimed to explore patient and family experiences and identify factors deemed important to quality EOL care.MethodA descriptive qualitative study involving three focus group discussions (n = 18) and six in‐depth interviews with older adults suffering from either a terminal condition and/or caregivers were conducted in NSW, Australia. Data were analysed thematically.ResultsSeven major themes were identified as follows: quality as a priority, sense of control, life on hold, need for health system support, being at home, talking about death and competent and caring health professionals. An underpinning priority throughout the seven themes was knowing and adhering to patient's wishes.ConclusionOur study highlights that to better adhere to EOL patient's wishes a reorganization of care needs is required. The readiness of the health system to cater for this expectation is questionable as real choices may not be available in acute hospital settings. With an ageing population, a reorganization of care which influences the way we manage terminal patients is required.
Inhibition of the in vitro activities of α‐amylase, α‐glucosidase and pancreatic lipase by yellow field pea (Pisum sativum L.) protein hydrolysates
Authors: Awosika Temitola O. , Aluko Rotimi E. 
Published: January 2019

SummaryThe aim of this work was to produce yellow field pea protein‐derived peptides as inhibitors of α‐amylase, α‐glucosidase and pancreatic lipase activities. A pea protein concentrate was hydrolysed with alcalase, chymotrypsin, pepsin or trypsin and the hydrolysates separated into different fractions (<1, 1–3, 3–5, 5–10 kDa) by membrane ultrafiltration. Peptide sequence analysis showed that the alcalase hydrolysate had higher levels of di‐ and tripeptides when compared with the chymotrypsin, pepsin and trypsin hydrolysates. The peptide fractions inhibited α‐amylase and α‐glucosidase activities at levels that were similar to the unfractionated hydrolysates. The peptides were more active against α‐amylase (inhibition at μg level) than α‐glucosidase (mg level). In contrast, the fractionated peptides had reduced ability (IC50 >4.2 mg mL−1) when compared with the unfractionated hydrolysate (IC50 <4.2 mg mL−1) to inhibit lipase activity. Enzyme kinetic studies revealed that the peptides reduced α‐amylase activity through competitive inhibition. However, inhibition of α‐glucosidase activity was non‐competitive.
Improvement of thermal, microwave and ultrasonication pretreatment on the production of antioxidant peptides from sweet potato protein via in vitro gastrointestinal digestion
Authors: Zhang Miao , Huang Tung‐Shi , Mu Tai‐Hua 
Published: January 2019

SummaryEffects of thermal (boiling, steaming and autoclaving), microwave and ultrasonication pretreatments on the production of sweet potato protein hydrolysates (SPPH) through in vitro gastrointestinal digestion (GID) were investigated. All pretreatments significantly increased the degree of hydrolysis (DH), antioxidant activities and molecular weight (MW) <3 kDa peptide fractions contents of SPPH in the order of autoclaving > microwave, steaming > boiling > ultrasonication (P < 0.05). Correlation analysis between peptides content and antioxidant activity suggested that antioxidant activity of SPPH mainly attributed to MW <3 kDa peptides. Diverse peptides ranged from 487.24 to 1477.74 Da with 7–13 amino acids were identified in the MW <3 kDa peptides fraction with autoclaving pretreatment and matched sporamins A, A precursor and B sequences from LC–QTOF–MS/MS analysis. Conformational structures of nine peptides were predicted with well‐known antioxidant amino acids. There is a high potential for SPPH used as a functional supplement in food system.
Chemical equilibrium analysis of silicon carbide oxidation in oxygen and air
Authors: Chen Samuel Y. , Boyd Iain D. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractDue to their refractory nature and oxidation resistance, Ultra‐High Temperature Ceramic materials, including silicon carbide, are of interest in hypersonic aerospace applications. To analyze the thermodynamic behavior of silicon carbide during transition between passive and active oxidation states, chemical equilibrium calculations are performed. The predicted oxygen pressures for passive‐to‐active transition show improved agreement up to an order of magnitude with experimental transition data in the literature, compared with Wagner's model. Both oxygen and air environments are examined, and a 3% difference in transition temperature is observed. Material response analysis demonstrates that a surface temperature jump occurs during thermal oxidation of silicon carbide, corresponding to passive‐to‐active transition.
Heteroepitaxial growth of thick 3C‐SiC (110) films by Laser CVD
Authors: Sun Qingyun , Yang Meijun , Li Jun , Xu Qingfang , Tu Rong , Li Qizhong , Zhang Song , Zhang Lianmeng , Goto Takashi , Ohmori Hitoshi , Kosinova Marina 
Published: January 2019

AbstractPreviously, we found 3C‐SiC films favor to grow in <111> orientation on Si (110) (https://doi.org/10.1111/jace.15260). However, epitaxial growth of thick <110>‐3C‐SiC is still a big challenge. In this study, thick 3C‐SiC (110) epitaxial films were prepared on Si (110) substrate by laser chemical vapor deposition (LCVD) using hexamethyldisilane (HMDS) in H2 atmosphere. The investigation of growth mechanism showed that the laser of LCVD played an important role during the depositions. Observation by high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) revealed that the interface of 3C‐SiC (110)/Si (110) exhibited rough texture at atomic level. The atomic roughness on Si (110) surface could be a key factor for 3C‐SiC (110) nucleation. The growth of thick 3C‐SiC (110) epitaxial films could be very promising for new development in power electronics applications.
A plant growth-promoting bacterium alters the microbial community of continuous cropping poplar trees’ rhizosphere
Authors: Sui J. , Ji C. , Wang X. , Liu Z. , Sa R. , Hu Y. , Wang C. , Li Q. , Liu X. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Aims
We aimed to develop a biological agent that regulates the microbial community structure of the poplar rhizosphere and alleviates the effects of continuous poplar cropping.

Methods and Results
Poplar rhizosphere soils were treated with or without Paenibacillus polymyxa CP-S316 microbial fermentation medium. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed to measure bacteria and fungi in both groups, and microbial communities were analysed by metabarcoding. In fungi, the operational taxonomic units, abundance-based coverage estimator and Chao index of the CP-S316-treated group were significantly lower than those in the control check (CK) group. In bacteria, the proportions of Bacillus in the CP-S316 and CK groups were 5·20 and 2·38%, respectively, whereas those of Rhizoctonia were 2·20 and 5·82% respectively. The diameter at breast height, culturable bacteria and total bacteria of poplars treated with CP-S316 exceeded those in the CK group.

Conclusions
Our data confirmed that CP-S316 could improve the microbial community structure of poplar rhizosphere and promote the growth of poplars.

Significance and Impact of the Study
Research aimed at alleviating continuous cropping obstacles and promoting poplar growth via biocontrol agents is uncommon. We analysed the community structures of bacteria and fungi in rhizosphere soil to illustrate the use of CP-S316 for poplar cropping for improving plant health in the continuous cropping of poplar trees.
Strengthening Inter‐ and Intraprofessional Collaborations to Advance Biobehavioral Symptom Science
Authors: Starkweather Angela R. , Colloca Luana , Dorsey Susan G. , Griffioen Mari , Lyon Debra , Renn Cynthia 
Published: January 2019

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this article was to discuss barriers and potential solutions for strengthening inter‐ and intraprofessional collaborations that will advance biobehavioral symptom science.Organizing ConstructGeneral and team‐based barriers and solutions for advancing biobehavioral symptom science are reviewed with an exemplar discussion that is guided by Carper's patterns of knowing.ConclusionsStrategic partnerships across nursing associations and organization can help to build collaborations that are focused on symptom science in a specific population, disease, or setting. Additional strategies to build collaborations include supporting interprofessional workgroups, data sharing, and dissemination of research findings across associations. Prioritization of funding opportunities and resources devoted to building inter‐ and intraprofessional collaborations focused on advancing biobehavioral symptom science will benefit nursing science, the membership, and patients and families.Clinical RelevanceNursing associations and organizations can play an integral role in building inter‐ and intraprofessional teams dedicated to advancing biobehavioral symptom science via multiple ways of knowing that nurses use to generate new knowledge, develop innovations, and apply them in practice.