bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How can previous knowledge about food science/technology and received information affect consumer perception of processed orange juice?
Authors: Honorio Alice R. , Pereira Geovanna S. , Lopes Carla M. A. , Gasparetto Bruna R. , Nunes de Lima Diana C. , Tribst Alline A. L. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis article evaluates the perception of whether orange juice processing is different between lay and nonlay (people who studied or study food science/technology/engineering) consumers. It also assesses how it is influenced by the received information about the products. More than 1,000 lay and 340 nonlay consumers responded to blind and informed online questionnaires about fresh and processed orange juices. The results showed a consensual positive evaluation for fresh juice and negative for powdered drink mix in both questionnaires. Other categories of processed juices were evaluated as a little (concentrated) or very different (“processed,” “pasteurized,” and “sterilized”) among lay and nonlay consumers in blind questionnaires, where product aversion was more frequent among the lay participants. In contrast, information changed the participants' perception about processed juices (especially “pasteurized” and “sterilized” products), resulting in a more consensual evaluation among lay and nonlay participants. Therefore, access to correct information allows consumers (especially lay ones) to make more conscious choices about their juices.Practical ApplicationsConsumers' rejection regarding processed juices is growing due to associating them with processed food and adverse health effects. The comparison of the perception of lay and nonlay consumers about fresh and processed orange juices showed two practical applications: (a) the juice industry needs to improve consumers' access to information about product ingredients and process characteristics, aiming to improve product acceptance and (b) nonlay consumers have different perceptions of processed products than lay ones, therefore data collected from nonlay consumers (common in research carried out at universities) need to be used with caution.
Clear cell papulosis: Dermatoscopic findings and literature review
Authors: Leerunyakul Kanchana , Kanokrungsee Silada , Rutnin Suthinee 
Published: June 2019

AbstractClear cell papulosis is a rare skin condition that predominantly develops in patients of Asian background during their early childhood. We present a new case of clear cell papulosis of a 1‐year‐old Thai girl presented with multiple hypopigmented macules and papules on the lower abdomen and pubic area for 3 months and also review the previous 41 cases published in the literature since 1987. Herein, for the first time, we report the dermatoscopic features of clear cell papulosis that represents as depigmented homogenous structureless lesions. This would be beneficial for distinguishing clear cell papulosis from its differential diagnoses.
Comprehensive assessment of handwashing and faecal contamination among elementary school children in an urban slum of Indonesia
Authors: Otsuka Yumiko , Agestika Lina , Harada Hidenori , Sriwuryandari Lies , Sintawardani Neni , Yamauchi Taro 
Published: June 2019

AbstractObjectiveGlobally, the challenge of handwashing with soap (HWWS) still exists despite the importance of HWWS being shown previously. This study aimed to evaluate faecal contamination on the hands of children and to find factors related to faecal contamination from handwashing techniques, HWWS, knowledge and awareness of water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH), and a comprehensive WASH index.MethodsThe study was conducted at two elementary schools with 169 children in a densely populated area of Bandung, Indonesia. The survey involved handwashing observation using a checklist, hand bacteria sampling and questionnaires.ResultsMost children (98.7%) had faecal contamination. Girls had significantly fewer Escherichia coli than boys (P < 0.05). Ability in handwashing techniques, HWWS, and knowledge and awareness of WASH were poor in the lower grades. Escherichia coli counts were negatively correlated with handwashing technique (r = −0.171, P < 0.05), HWWS (r = −0.225, P < 0.01) and the WASH index (r = −0.205, P < 0.05).ConclusionsProper handwashing technique and HWWS at appropriate times can reduce faecal contamination. Moreover, it is important that both grade‐based and gender‐based handwashing education be considered in elementary school education.
Trade, migration costs and asymmetric migration patterns
Authors: Acharyya Rajat , Beladi Hamid , Kar Saibal 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIncrease in trade has an asymmetric impact on emigration by skill types for a developing country. Cost of migration is a dynamic function of the type of emigration, and it determines a complementary relation between emigration of skilled workers and expansion of trade. Emigration of unskilled workers is a substitute, however, and these outcomes coexist with endogenously determined emigration rates that depend crucially on wage responses among the own skill types at the source. Additionally, asymmetric emigration patterns increase wage inequality.
Correctional nurse education and training for the care and support of prisoners with dementia: a systematic review of text and opinion protocol
Authors: Gaston Sherryl , Porritt Kylie , Jordan Zoe 
Published: June 2019

Review objective/questions:
The objective of this systematic review is to synthesize the best available evidence on the perceived education and training required for correctional nurses to care for and support prisoners with dementia in the Australian context. The review questions are:
Evolutionary Multi-Objective Optimization Under Uncertainty Through Adaptive Kriging in Augmented Input Space
Authors: Zhang J. , Taflanidis A. A. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This paper presents a surrogate model-based computationally efficient optimization scheme for design problems with multiple, probabilistic objectives estimated through stochastic simulation. It examines the extension of the previously developed MODU-AIM (Multi-Objective Design under Uncertainty with Augmented Input Metamodels) algorithm, which performs well for bi-objective problem but encounters scalability difficulties for applications with more than two objectives. Computational efficiency is achieved by using a single surrogate model, adaptively refined within an iterative optimization setting, to simultaneously support the uncertainty quantification and the design optimization, and the MODU-AIM extension is established by replacing the originally used epsilon-constraint optimizer with a multi-objective evolutionary algorithm (MOEA). This requires various modifications to accommodate MOEA’s unique traits. For uncertainty quantification, a clustering-based importance sampling density selection is introduced to mitigate MOEA’s lack of direct control on Pareto solution density. To address the potentially large solution set of MOEAs, both the termination criterion of the iterative optimization scheme and the design of experiment (DoE) strategy for refinement of the surrogate model are modified, leveraging efficient performance comparison indicators. The importance of each objective in the different parts of the Pareto front is further integrated in the DoE to improve the adaptive selection of experiments.
Successful prospective quality improvement programme for the identification and management of patients at risk of sepsis in hospital
Authors: Gallagher Kevin , Blackwell Nicky , Thomas Ben , Trail Matthew , Stewart Lorraine , Paterson Ross 
Published: June 2019

ObjectiveThis audit aimed to improve the speed and completeness of delivery of treatment to urology patients at risk of sepsis in the hospital.Patients and methodsPatients were prospectively included if they developed a new-onset systemic inflammatory response syndrome, were reviewed by a doctor who thought this was due to infection and prescribed antibiotics. We measured median time to antibiotic administration (TTABx) as the primary outcome. Factors associated with delays in management were identified, targeted quality improvement interventions implemented and then reaudited.ResultsThere were 74 patients in the baseline cohort and 69 following interventions. Median TTABx fell from 3.6 (1.9–6.9) hours to 1.7 (1.0–3.8) p<0.001 hours after interventions. In the baseline cohort, factors significantly associated with a delay in TTABx were: an Early Warning Score less than the medical review trigger level; a temperature less than 38°C; having had surgery versus not. Interventions included: reduced medical review trigger thresholds, education sessions, communication aids, a department-specific sepsis protocol. There were significant improvements in the speed and completeness of sepsis management. Improvements were most marked in postoperative patients. Improvement longevity was achieved through continued work by permanent ward nurse practitioners.ConclusionA period of baseline prospective study, followed by tailored quality improvement initiatives, can significantly improve the speed and quality of sepsis management for inpatients on an acute hospital ward.
Financial incentives linked to quality improvement projects in Swedish primary care: a model for improving quality of care
Authors: Fernholm Rita , Arvidsson Eva , Wettermark Björn 
Published: June 2019

BackgroundQuality improvement (QI) is necessary in all healthcare, but quality of healthcare is hard to measure. To use financial incentives to improve care is difficult and may even be harmful. However, conducting QI projects is a well-established way to increase quality in healthcare.ProblemIn 2015, there were few QI projects conducted in primary care in the Stockholm Region, Sweden. There was no structured support or way to share the QI projects with other general practitioner (GP) practices. To use financial incentives could increase the number of projects performed and could possibly improve the quality of care. The aim was to increase the number of GP practices performing QI projects in the Stockholm Region through financial incentives.MethodTo study QI projects performed during 2016 and 2017 in the Region Stockholm. This was compared with 2015 in Stockholm and with the Region Jönköping in Sweden during 2016 and 2017.InterventionsFirst, the healthcare administration started to reimburse GP practices for conducting and reporting QI projects in 2016. Second, a 4-hour course in QI was offered. Third, feedback on plans for QI projects was given. The year after the projects were prerformed, they were published online to stimulate sharing and inspiration between the GP practices.ResultsFor 2016, there were 166 (80%) of the GP practices that presented a QI project and in 2017, 164 (79%) did so. The number of projects in Stockholm increased almost by 100 per years compared with 2015.ConclusionQI work has increased in Stockholm since 2016, probably because of the financial incentives from the Stockholm Region.
Improving the safety of high-concentration potassium chloride injection
Authors: Nakatani Kaoru , Nakagami-Yamaguchi Etsuko , Shinoda Yoshikatsu , Tomita Shuhei , Nakatani Tatsuya 
Published: June 2019

ObjectivesSerious adverse effects, including arrhythmia and cardiac arrest, result from rapid intravenous high concentration of potassium chloride (KCl). We aimed to eliminate prescription of undiluted KCl and encourage dilution of KCl to 400 mEq/L and 40 mEq/L in the intensive care units (ICUs) and general and outpatient departments, respectively.MethodsBefore the first intervention, we collected data regarding high-concentration KCl and interviewed representatives of physicians prescribing high-concentration KCl. Based on the guidelines in other countries on safely used concentrations of KCl (400 mEq/L), we negotiated with physicians to dilute KCl below 400 mEq/L. In the first intervention, we made rules based on surveys above. In the second intervention, we revised the rules based on opinions from physicians and pharmacists and investigated the change in the number of prescriptions of KCl concentration in each department. Continuing efforts with the safety manager ensured compliance of the rules by physicians and nurses in all departments.ResultsAfter the first and second interventions, prescriptions for undiluted KCl in ICUs and general wards were eliminated (median=0). Prescriptions for <400 mEq/L KCl increased to 110 (median) after the first intervention and to 137 (median) after the second. In the general ward, 7 months after the first intervention, prescriptions for <400 mEq/L KCl had not increased. Compliance with our rules was high, and more than 72% of physicians and nurses were aware of the rules.ConclusionsThe rules for administration of high-dose KCl successfully eliminated prescription of undiluted KCl, which was maintained using two plan-do-study-act cycles. Our intervention process could be useful in countries where prediluted formulations are unavailable or where prescriptions are not matched and undiluted ampules are used.
Dealing with different forensic targets: geoscientists at crime scenes
Authors: Barone P. M. , Di Maggio R. M. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Normally, when geoscientific methods are involved in forensic investigations, they are used to search for and excavate buried bodies.
Recently, geoscientific methods have become relevant to not only finding the perpetrators in homicide cases including those in which there are buried bodies, but also in cases involving crimes against the environment, cultural sites and vandalism. Additionally, there are cases in which the discovery of an unexpected burial complicates an investigation.
Analytical techniques developed throughout the twentieth century form the basis for recent advances that allow for the forensic geosciences to aid in such investigations. Case examples that demonstrate these advances will be presented.
Aurora Kinase A Inhibition: A Mega-Hit for Myelofibrosis Therapy?
Authors: Piszczatowski Richard T. , Steidl Ulrich 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The positive but limited efficacy of JAK inhibitors has sparked the need for alternative therapeutic targets in the treatment of myelofibrosis. The discovery of novel targets, like Aurora Kinase A, may provide new avenues of single-agent and combinatorial therapy for myelofibrosis and restoration of normal bone marrow function.
See related article by Gangat et al., p. 4898
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Reveals Distinct Roles for Tissue Transglutaminase and Factor XIII in Maternal Angiogenesis During Early Mouse Pregnancy
Authors: Cohen Gadi , Hadas Ron , Stefania Rachele , Pagoto Amerigo , Ben-Dor Shifra , Kohen Fortune , Longo Dario , Elbaz Michal , Dekel Nave , Gershon Eran , Aime Silvio , Neeman Michal 
Published: June 2019

Objective:
The early embryo implantation is characterized by enhanced uterine vascular permeability at the site of blastocyst attachment, followed by extracellular-matrix remodeling and angiogenesis. Two TG (transglutaminase) isoenzymes, TG2 (tissue TG) and FXIII (factor XIII), catalyze covalent cross-linking of the extracellular-matrix. However, their specific role during embryo implantation is not fully understood.

Approach and Results:
For mapping the distribution as well as the enzymatic activities of TG2 and FXIII towards blood-borne and resident extracellular-matrix substrates, we synthetized selective and specific low molecular weight substrate analogs for each of the isoenzymes. The implantation sites were challenged by genetically modifying the trophoblast cells in the outer layer of blastocysts, to either overexpress or deplete TG2 or FXIII, and the angiogenic response was studied by dynamic contrast–enhanced-magnetic resonance imaging. Dynamic contrast–enhanced-magnetic resonance imaging revealed a decrease in the permeability of decidual vasculature surrounding embryos in which FXIII were overexpressed in trophoblast cell. Reduction in decidual blood volume fraction was demonstrated when either FXIII or TG2 were overexpressed in embryonic trophoblast cell and was elevated when trophoblast cell was depleted of FXIII. These results were corroborated by histological analysis.

Conclusions:
In this study, we report on the isoenzyme-specific roles of TG2 and FXIII during the early days of mouse pregnancy and further reveal their involvement in decidual angiogenesis. Our results reveal an important magnetic resonance imaging-detectable function of embryo-derived TG2 and FXIII on regulating maternal angiogenesis during embryo implantation in mice.Visual Overview: An online visual overview is available for this article.
Left Atrial Volume Index Is Associated With Cardioembolic Stroke and Atrial Fibrillation Detection After Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source
Authors: Jordan Kevin , Yaghi Shadi , Poppas Athena , Chang Andrew D. , Mac Grory Brian , Cutting Shawna , Burton Tina , Jayaraman Mahesh , Tsivgoulis Georgios , Sabeh M. Khaled , Merkler Alexander E. , Kamel Hooman , Elkind Mitchell S.V. , Furie Karen , Song Christopher 
Published: June 2019

Background and Purpose—
Left atrial enlargement has been shown to be associated with ischemic stroke, but the association with embolic stroke mechanisms remains unknown. We aim to study the associations between left atrial volume index (LAVI) and embolic stroke subtypes and atrial fibrillation (AF) detection on cardiac event monitoring in patients with embolic stroke of unknown source.

Methods—
Data were collected from a prospective cohort of consecutive patients with ischemic stroke admitted to a comprehensive stroke center over 18 months. Stroke subtype was classified into cardioembolic stroke, noncardioembolic stroke of determined mechanism (NCE), or embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS). Univariate and prespecified multivariable analyses were performed to assess associations between LAVI and stroke subtype and AF detection in patients with ESUS.

Results—

Of 1224 consecutive patients identified during the study period, 1020 (82.6%) underwent transthoracic echocardiography and had LAVI measurements. LAVI was greater in patients with cardioembolic stroke than NCE (41.4 mL/m
2
±18.0 versus 28.6 mL/m
2
±12.2;
P
<0.001) but not in ESUS versus NCE (28.9 mL/m
2
±12.6 versus 28.6 mL/m
2
±12.2;
P
=0.61). In multivariable logistic regression models, LAVI was greater in cardioembolic stroke versus NCE (adjusted odds ratio per mL/m
2
, 1.07; 95% CI, 1.05–1.09;
P
<0.001) but not in ESUS versus NCE (adjusted odds ratio per mL/m
2
, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.99–1.02;
P
=0.720). Among 99 patients with ESUS who underwent cardiac monitoring, 18.2% had AF detected; LAVI was independently associated with AF detection in ESUS (adjusted odds ratio per mL/m
2
, 1.09; 95% CI, 1.02–1.15;
P
=0.007).

Conclusions—
LAVI is associated with cardioembolic stroke as well as AF detection in patients with ESUS, 2 subsets of ischemic stroke that benefit from anticoagulation therapy. Patients with increased LAVI may be a subgroup where anticoagulation may be tested for stroke prevention.
Southward and Otherwise
Authors: Pajović Uroš , Mohaiemen Naeem 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This project comes out of a conversation between Mohaiemen and Pajović, about the relative absence of Non-Aligned Movement co-founder Josip Broz Tito, from the three-channel film Two Meetings and a Funeral (2017, dir: Mohaiemen). In the film, a series of conversations between Vijay Prashad, Samia Zennadi, Atef Berredjem, Amirul Islam, and Zonayed Saki sketch out the shadow play of warring forces inside the Non-Aligned Movement, especially around the decolonizing nations of the Middle East, Africa, and Asia that found an option to look toward an "Islamic" supra-national identity. Because of that focus, the role of Central and Eastern Europe, especially that of Yugoslavia under Tito, is absent from the film. Pajović's text re-integrates the Yugoslav bloc into Two Meetings and a Funeral. While Pajović's text concludes with a hopeful view of the potential of the Non-Aligned Movement, Mohaiemen's images and superimposed quote from Tito express an ironic doubling back. Indira Gandhi's Indian coalition of 1971, while maneuvering for Bangladesh independence from Pakistan, encountered Tito's confident comment that such problems of “tribalism” were only happening in Asia. Yugoslavia had solved the “Balkan problem”– this was spoken confidently twenty years before Tito's nation would split apart during the Yugoslav Wars. The geopolitical struggles that Tito fails to see in 1971 are harbingers for the blind spots that would cause Non-Alignment's collapse.
There Were No Medals To Be Won
Authors: Azzolini Monica 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
While in modern times excellence in science is often acknowledged with a prize medal, this was not the case in the Renaissance. Despite the fact that the Italian Renaissance saw a remarkable revival of medal casting, there were no medals to be won in the Renaissance for originality and scientific priority. Rather, professional success was determined by the ability to win public disputations and debate contested topics. This article illustrates how this mode of knowledge production, which reached its peak in the second half of the sixteenth century, was deeply rooted in the culture of verbal and physical duelling that developed in Italy around that time. Transforming the culture of academic disputation into one of public spectacle, the sixteenth century saw scientific practitioners make careers out of controversy and polemical exchange. From the mid-seventeenth century onwards, this model of knowledge production was slowly superseded by more moderate exchanges and collaborations.
Normal Science
Authors: Widmalm Sven 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Prizes have been awarded by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences from its foundation in 1739 onwards. In the 18th century these were of a kind typical of the period: problems were posed, almost always with a utilitarian bent, and awards (money or medals) were promised to those who could come up with practical solutions. The Academy’s first prize question, in 1739, concerned an improved method for bleaching cloth; the response was zero, a not untypical result. This type of award was never a success, and from around 1810 prizes became more academically oriented and were offered for recent publications or innovations rather than solutions to problems posed beforehand. The Letterstedt Prize was the most important among these awards during the 19th century, and a model for the Nobel Prize. It was awarded mostly for work in the natural sciences, but sometimes also in the humanities or for technological innovations (Alfred Nobel received it in 1868); a special prize was awarded for translations. An analysis of nominations and discussions preserved in the Academy’s archive shows that the Letterstedt science prizes functioned as a kind of benchmarking of national science (foreigners were not awarded on principle); high-quality “normal” science that seemed to put Swedish science on par with research in countries like Germany or France was awarded rather than work of high originality.