bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pathogenetic approach to the treatment of functional disorders of the gastrointestinal tract and their intersection: Results of the Russian Observation Retrospective Program COMFORT
Authors: Ivashkin Vladimir , Poluektova Elena , Glazunov Alexey , Putilovskiy Mikhail A , Epstein Oleg I 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background

The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of the novel complex drug, consisting of released-active form of antibodies to S-100 protein, tumor necrosis factor-α and histamine, (Kolofort) under outpatient conditions in patients with functional dyspepsia (FD), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and their combination.

Methods

The subject of the observational noninterventional retrospective program was the data of 14,362 outpatient records of patients with diagnosed FD, IBS, and/or their combination who received the drug Kolofort in monotherapy for 12 weeks, 2 tablets twice a day. To assess the presence and severity of symptoms of functional disorders of the gastrointestinal tract (FD GIT), a questionnaire “7*7” developed by a working group from the Russian Gastroenterological Association was used. The evaluated parameters included the proportion of patients: who had a reduction in the number of points by 50% or more; who have decreased the severity category of the condition; who have switched to the “healthy” and “borderline ill” severity categories;and the change in the number of points in domains 1–7.

Results

The final efficacy analysis included data from 9,254 patients. A decrease in the number of points by 50% or more was observed in 80.45% of patients with FD, 79.02% of patients with IBS, and in 83% of patients with both IBS and FD. A decrease in the severity category of the condition at the end of therapy was noted in 93.35% of patients with FD, in 93.80% of cases in patients with IBS, and in 96.17% of cases in patients with a combination of IBS and FD.A total of 94 adverse events (AEs) were reported in 80 patients (0.65%).

Conclusion

The COMFORT program has demonstrated the positive effect of treatment in the majority of patients with IBS and FD and their combination in real clinical practice.
Measuring the Quality of Care in Nursing Home Residents with Early-onset Neurodegenerative Diseases: A scoping review
Authors: Heffels Joyce C.F. , Everink Irma H.J. , Oosterloo Mayke , Roos Raymund A.C. , Schols Jos M.G.A. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background

Nursing home residents with early-onset neurodegenerative diseases are often younger in comparison with other residents, and need different, often more complex care. Accordingly, the measurements currently used for measuring quality of care in nursing homes may not be suitable for use in this target group. Little is known about the experiences of these residents and of their (in)formal caregivers regarding the quality of care they receive. Therefore, the aim of this scoping review is to explore which instruments are available for measuring the quality of care for nursing home residents with early-onset neurodegenerative diseases (excluding dementia), from the perspective of the resident and of (in)formal caregivers.

Methods

A literature search was performed in the databases Pubmed, Embase, Web of Science and Cinahl. The search strategy consisted of four main concepts: neurodegenerative diseases, quality of care, nursing homes and perspectives of residents, (in)formal caregivers. Studies were included if they used instruments and/or strategies to measure quality of care, focused on nursing home residents with early-onset neurodegenerative diseases and the perspective of either the resident or (in)formal caregiver.

Results

From a total of 809 identified articles, 87 full text articles were screened for eligibility. Five studies were included, only one of which described an instrument. The other four used topic lists and/or themes to measure quality of care. In total, 60 items related to quality of care could be derived. From these 60 items, eight overarching domains were found, with a subdivision into items derived, respectively, from the residents’, informal and formal caregivers’ perspective: ‘emotional support’, ‘physical support’, ‘social support’, ‘care’, ‘care content’, ‘expertise’, ‘communication’ and ‘organization of care’.

Conclusions

Currently, there are no methods for assessing the quality of care specifically focused on nursing home residents with early-onset neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, the items retrieved in this review give an overview of important topics for measuring the quality of care for this target group, from the perspective of the resident, and of the informal and formal caregivers. These items might be used to develop a tailored instrument for assessing the quality of care for nursing home residents with early-onset neurodegenerative diseases.
Prevalence, phenotypic and genotypic characterization, virulence potential and antimicrobial resistance of Cronobacter species from ready-to-eat foods
Authors: Arslan Seza , Ertürk Hafize Gizem 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background

Cronobacter , an emerging foodborne pathogen, contaminates various foods such as ready-to-eat (RTE) food due to its ubiquitous nature. Consumption of food contaminated with Cronobacter can cause severe infections in children, elderly or immunocompromised people. Therefore, we aimed to assess the presence of Cronobacter spp. in RTE foods, popularly consumed products, and pose potential health threat for consumers, especially for risk groups.Results

Out of 340 RTE food samples, 59 (17.4%) were contaminated with Cronobacter spp. in this study. The highest contamination rate was found in meat free cig koftes (51.9%, 14/27), followed by spices (46.7%, 7/15), cereals (30.8%, 4/13), and desserts (30.2%, 13/43). A total of 64 Cronobacter isolates were identified phenotypically and genotypically from the 59 ready-to-eat foods samples. Molecular characterization was accomplished by PCR targeting 16S rRNA, gluA , rpoB and cgcA genes. The 64 Cronobacter isolates were completely identified by the biochemical and rpoB , while the PCR targeting the cgcA gene failed to identify to eight isolates. In this study, we investigated major virulence characteristics contributing to the pathogenicity of Cronobacter spp. including the outer membrane protein A, zinc-metalloprotease, siderophore production and biofilm formation. Many Cronobacter isolates (>87%) had these virulence characteristics. All isolates and a type strain were characterized using ERIC-PCR and genetic profiles of cluster analysis showed that the isolates were highly heterogeneous and genetically diverse. Antimicrobial susceptibility of RTE isolates to 18 different antimicrobial agents was determined by the disc diffusion method. Most Cronobacter isolates with a rate of 81.3% were resistant to cephalothin, 32.8% to cefoxitin and 20.3% to ampicillin. All Cronobacter isolates were susceptible to gentamicin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. The multidrug resistance to at least three or more antimicrobial agents was detected in 18.8% of Cronobacter isolates.Conclusions

Results indicate that RTE food harbors potential pathogenic Cronobacter species and is a possible transmission vehicle for Cronobacter infection in vulnerable person. So, there is a need to adopt hygienic practices and rigorous sanitization treatments to ensure microbiological safety of RTE food.
Absence of HCV RNA from the Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells is a Predictor of Good Response after Treatment of Egyptian Chronic Hepatitis C Patients with Sofosbuvir Based Therapy: a prospective study
Authors: Mostafa Hanan Mostafa , Zaghloul Mariam Salah , Ghazal Abeer , Ragab Dalia Elsayed 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background: Studies indicate that in most patients with chronic hepatitis C, viral RNA is present not only in plasma but also in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMC). Furthermore, the PBMC compartment may be a preferred site for HCV, which is able to reinitiate viral replication after HCV treatment, even if clearance occurred. The aim of this study was to detect the persistence of hepatitis C viral RNA in both serum and PBMCs at 12 and 24 weeks of treatment in chronic hepatitis C virus (CHC) patients with sofosbuvir based therapy. Methods: 75 CHC patients were tested for HCV- RNA in serum at 0, 12 & 24 weeks of treatment, and for HCV- RNA in PBMCs on the 12 & 24 weeks. Results: At week 12 of treatment all patients had no HCVRNA in their serum; however, 8 cases were positive for HCV RNA in their PBMC. After 24 weeks of treatment, HCV RNA was re-examined in both serum and PBMCs for all patients. Six out of the eight cases that were found having positive HCV RNA in their PBMCs turned positive HCV RNA in the serum. While the other two cases still negative for HCV RNA in the serum. Interestingly, another two cases out of the sixty-seven cases that were found having negative HCV RNA in their PBMC turned positive HCV RNA in the serum. Conclusions: Absence of HCV RNA in PBMC is a better predictor of good response after treatment of CHC patients with DAAs, than its absence in the serum.
Factors associated with death in patients with tuberculosis in Brazil: survival analysis with competitive risks
Authors: Viana Paulo Victor de Sousa , Paiva Natalia Santana , Villela Daniel Antunes Maciel , Bastos Leonardo Soares , Bierrenbach Ana Luiza de Souza , Basta Paulo Cesar 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background: This study aimed to analyze the factors associated with deaths caused by TB, TB-related causes and deaths from other causes. Methods: A retrospective, population-based cohort study of the causes of death, using a survival regression model in the presence of competitive risk in a cohort of patients in treatment for TB was performed using records of patients that started TB treatment in Brazil and death certificates from 2008 to 2013. Results: In this cohort, 39,997 individuals (14.1%) died, out of a total of 283,508 individuals. Of these, 8,936 deaths due to TB (22.4%), 3,365 deaths to associated TB (8.4%), revealing a high rate of lethality. 27,696 deaths (69.2%) were from other causes. From our analysis, factors strongly associated with death from TB were male gender (sHR = 1.33, 95% CI: 1.26-1.40), older than 60 years (sHR = 9.29, 95% CI: 8.15-10.60), illiterate schooling (sHR = 2.33, 95% CI: 2.09-2.59), black (sHR = 1.33, 95% CI: 1.26-1.40) and brown color/race (sHR = 13, 95% CI: 1.07-1.19), from the southern region (sHR = 1.19, 95% CI: 1.10-1.28), mixed forms (sHR = 1.91, 95% CI: 1.73 -2.11) and alcoholism (sHR = 1.90, 95% CI: 1.81-2.00). Also, HIV positive serology was strongly associated with death due to TB (sHR = 62.78; 95% CI: 55.01 - 71.63). Conclusions: We believe that specific active surveillance strategies and early case finding could reduce mortality among tuberculosis patients, leading to a more timely detection and treatment. Keywords: tuberculosis; death surveillance; survival analysis; competitive risk analysis
Linked candidate genes of different functions for white mold resistance in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris. L) are identified by QTL-based pooled sequencing
Authors: Oladzadabbasabadi Atena , Mamidi Sujan , Miklas Phillip N. , Lee Rian , McClean Phillip 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background White mold (WM) is a major disease in common bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.), and its complex quantitative genetic control has limited the development of WM resistant cultivars. WM2.2 is one of the nine meta-QTL that has a major effect on WM tolerance. This QTL explains up to 35% of the phenotypic variation and was previously mapped to a large interval on Pv02. Our objective was to narrow the interval of this QTL using QTL-based bulk segregant analysis.Results The phenotypic and genotypic data from two RIL populations (R31 and Z0726-9), which possess different genetic backgrounds for white mold resistance, were used to select resistant and susceptible lines to generate subpopulations for bulk DNA sequencing, and reads were aligned against the sequence of the resistance parent. The QTL physical intervals for each RIL population were mapped by fixed SNPs in 10kb-2kb sliding windows. WM2.2 QTL was split into two regions WM2.2a (3.54-4.56 Mbp; euchromatic) and WM 2.2b (12.19 to 26.41 Mbp; heterochromatic) in populations R31 and Z0726-9, respectively. For each QTL interval, the possible functional contribution of significant non-synonymous and synonymous polymorphisms was investigated. Gene models encoding for pentatricopeptide repeat, gibberellin 2-oxidase, and heat-shock proteins are the likely candidate genes associated with WM2.2a resistance. A TIR-NBS-LRR class of disease resistance protein and a EF-TU receptor are potential candidate genes associated with WM2.2b resistance and most likely trigger a physiological resistance response to WM.Conclusion QTL-based pooled sequencing analysis revealed that the large genomic region associated with WM2.2 meta QTL consists of two major QTL each associated with a different WM resistance function. WM2.2a region is most likely associated with avoidance mechanisms while WM2.2b region triggers physiological resistance.
The levels of urinary joining chain containing IgG immune complexes are associated with disease severity in IgA nephropathy
Authors: Li Guanhong , Yue Cai , Fan Xiaohong , Wen Yubing , Chen Gang , Qin Yan , Gao Ruitong , Li Xuemei 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background: Circulating levels of aberrantly glycosylated IgA1 and its immune complexes (IgA/IgG-IC) are elevated and correlated with disease severity in IgA nephropathy (IgAN). The pathologic IgA containing immune complexes deposits in the kidney were found to be in dimeric or polymeric forms, suggesting that those deposited IgA immune complexes contain joining chain, which is critical for the multimerization and transportation of IgA. Dimeric IgA and polymeric IgA both can cause renal damage by inducing release of cytokines from mesangial cells. We aimed to investigate the urinary J chain containing IgG immune complexes/creatinine ratio (UJGCR) and analyze its relationship with disease severity in IgAN.
Methods: The UJGCR were measured by sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay in 26 patients with IgAN, 31 patients with other kidney diseases and 32 healthy volunteers.
Results: The levels of UJGCR were higher in patients with IgAN than that in non-IgAN patients ( P =0.006) and healthy volunteers ( P <0.0001). Importantly, receiver operating characteristics curve analysis confirmed that UJGCR had good discrimination between non-IgAN patients and IgAN patients. The levels of UJGCR positively correlated with 24-hour urinary protein excretion (r=0.63, P =0.0006), serum creatinine (r=0.55, P =0.003), and negatively correlated with estimated glomerular filtration rate (r= -0.61, P =0.0008) in IgAN. Furthermore, the levels of UJGCR were higher in IgAN patients with IgA mesangial deposition of (+/++) than patients with (+++/++++). And IgAN patients with tubular atrophy/interstitial fibrosis showed higher levels of UJGCR than that without ( P =0.03). Similarly, the levels of urinary IgA-IgG/creatinine ratio (UAGCR) were also found to be elevated and associated with clinical and pathological parameters as UJGCR in IgAN. Besides, significant correlations between the levels of UJGCR and UAGCR were shown, suggesting UJGCR were mainly composed of J-IgA-IgG.
Conclusions: The levels of UJGCR are associated with disease severity in IgAN. UJGCR is a potential biomarker for both glomerular and tubulointerstitial lesions in IgAN.
Renewable Energy Power for A Sustainable Energy for Future
Authors: Malik Muhammad Faheem , Pervaiz Muhammad , Inayat Abrar 
Published: August 2019

:
Energy is a fundamental aspect in human life. It acts as blood for humans. No energy means no facility and frozen life activities. It needs for agricultural, economics and in domestic level etc. demands of energy is increasing day by day as increases population especially in developing countries. To meet energy requirement renewable energy is more efficient; no greenhouse effect, no emission of CO2, create least amount of resultant wastes, are sustainable base lying on existing and prospect financial and societal desire, no pollution and a safe environment to breathe freely. Mostly renewable energy comes as of ordinary source the same as wind energy, lunar and stellar energy, Bioenergy and hydropower energy etc.
EFFECT OF VACUM TREATMENT ON TECHNOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF HEAT-RESISTANT CERAMZYT-CONCRETE ON COMPOSITIONAL BINDING
Authors: Alimuradov Sh. A. , Gadzhiev A. M. , Khadzhishalapov Kh. N. , Hezhev T. A. 
Published: August 2019

Objectives The aim of the study is to study the effect of vacuum treatment, heating temperature, mixing time and load force on the strength of heat-resistant expanded clay concrete for lining thermal units.Method The study is based on the vacuum processing technology of heat-resistant concrete based on a composite binder for lining the hearth of a trolley of a brick kiln, vacuum-packed concrete mix.Result The effect of vacuum processing of the mixture on the technological properties of heat-resistant expanded clay concrete on a composite binder made from Portland cement and finely ground expanded clay activated in a planetary mill (Activator-4M) is investigated. Compositions have been developed and the technological properties of expanded clay concrete have been investigated depending on the heating temperature and the amount of finely ground additives.Conclusion The results of the analysis of the dependence of the strength of expanded clay concrete on the heating temperature, the mixing time and the load strength confirm that the concrete strength indicators during evacuation are higher than for concrete without vacuum treatment; the increase in concrete strength after vacuum treatment under various technological exposure conditions is explained by an increase in workability indicators, which is characterized by the mobility and stiffness of the concrete mixture, denser packing of aggregate in the concrete structure, and also the large effect of vacuum compaction associated with the suction of water and air as well as static sealing due to the difference in atmospheric pressure and vacuum cavity pressure. The magnitude of the effective force reaches 70-75 kN / m2 with the removal of water and air from the vacuum surface; the pressure transmitted to the concrete is reduced, since part of the load is spent on determining the forces of internal friction and the development of contact stresses in the solid phase.
PECULIARITIES OF INFORMATION SECURITY IN MOBILE DEVICES RUNNING THE ANDROID OPERATING SYSTEM
Authors: Barkalov Yu. M. , Nesterov A. D. 
Published: August 2019

Objectives The article presents a formal model of information security in mobile devices running the Android operating system, an example of detection and investigation of malicious software, as well as static and dynamic analysis of malicious software.Method To protect sensitive information on mobile devices, you can use software and organizational measures at the same time.Result The proposed formal model of information security and analysis of suspected malicious software will ensure the security of information in mobile devices, as well as reduce the risk of threats to an acceptable level at a minimum cost of the protection system. The presented algorithm of the application designed for illegal transfer of funds, as well as an example of the analysis of this application will allow the specialist to improve the quality of their professional tasks in the analysis of incidents in the field of information security.Conclusion Due to the fact that today there is no scientifically based method of detection and analysis of malicious software in the memory of mobile devices, the information provided in this article will help to improve the efficiency of information protection in mobile devices running the Android operating system.
GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF CONSTRUCTION OF SYSTEMS OF INDEXATION OF ELEMENTS OF FINITE SETS
Authors: Kadiev I. P. 
Published: August 2019

Objectives Definition of general principles for constructing indexing systems for elements of finite sets.Method. Building a model of the indexing process. Definition of general rules for assigning attributes - indices to elements of sets.Result. The general principle of constructing indexing systems for elements of sets and their aggregates is proposed. The basis of the proposed indexing principle is the mandatory presence of functional relationships between the values of the element indices. The main sign of differences in indexing systems is the difference in functional dependencies between the values of the indices of the environment elements. Indexing systems determine the structural properties of sets and their aggregates. A change in indexing systems predetermines a change in structure. This allows one to form sets, sets with different structures from elements of the initial configurations, and change their structural properties.Conclusion. A general principle is proposed for constructing systems for indexing elements of sets and their aggregates, based on which are functional dependencies between element indices. Changes in the used functional dependencies between the element indices, as shown in the work, allows one to form combinatorial configurations with different structural properties. The indexing system is a set of rules for assigning to the elements sets of attributes - indices, ensuring their visibility and communication with the environment and determining their structural properties. At the heart of the construction of any structures and indexing systems are some common basic principles for their construction. They are illustrated based on the indexing systems used in classical algebra. Based on the results of a study of the principles of constructing indexing systems, a generalized model of indexing systems is proposed. As a general principle, which is a general principle of constructing indexing systems, a system of functional dependencies between the values of the indices of an element of sets and the values of the indices of the elements of its environment is proposed as a model.
Writing a Systematic Review for Publication in a Health-Related Degree Program
Authors: Kruse Clemens Scott 
Published: August 2019

Background
The protocol in this manuscript was designed to help graduate students publish. It is the result of a challenge from our provost in 2013. I developed this protocol over the last 6 years and have exercised the protocol for the last 5 years. The current version of the protocol has remained mostly static for the last 2 years—only small changes have been made to the process.

Objective
The objective of this protocol is to enable students to learn a valuable skill of conducting a systematic review and to write the review in a way that can be published. I have designed the protocol to fit into the schedule of a traditional semester, but also used it in compressed semesters.

Methods
An image map was created in HTML 5.0 and imported into a learning management system. It augments traditional instruction by providing references to published articles, examples, and previously recorded instructional videos. Students use the image map outside the classroom after traditional instruction. The image map helps students create manuscripts that follow established practice and are reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), and whose authorship follows guidelines by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors.

Results
Since its inception, this protocol has helped 77 students publish 27 systematic reviews in nine journals worldwide. Some manuscripts take multiple years to progress through multiple review processes at multiple journals submitted in sequence. Two other professors in the School of Health Administration have used this protocol in their classes.

Conclusions
So far, this method has helped 51% of graduate students who used it in my graduate courses publish articles (with more manuscripts under consideration whose numbers have remained uncounted in this sum). I wish success to others who might use this protocol.