bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nanovaccine: A novel approach in immunization
Authors: Gheibi Hayat Seyed Mohammad , Darroudi Majid 
Published: January 2019

AbstractDespite great advances in the field of vaccination, there are still needs for novel and effective vaccines because still no effective vaccines have been produced for some diseases such as malaria, acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), and tuberculosis. Furthermore, many of the existing vaccines have disadvantages such as failure to stimulate completely the immune system, in vivo instability, high toxicity, the need for cold chain, and multiple administrations. Nanotechnology has been raised as a powerful tool for solving these problems in this regard. Generally, nanovaccines are a new generation of vaccines using nanoparticles (NPs) as carriers and/or adjuvants. Due to the similar scale (size) between the NPs and pathogens, the immune system can be stimulated well, resulting in triggered cellular and humoral immunity responses. Other benefits of the nanovaccines include their better stability in blood flow to increase the shelf life in blood, enhanced immune system stimulation, no need for booster doses, no need to maintain the cold chain, and ability to create active targeting. In addition, nanovaccines have raised the hope to treat diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, AIDS, malaria, and chronic autoimmune, and so forth.
CircRNA hsa_circRNA_101996 increases cervical cancer proliferation and invasion through activating TPX2 expression by restraining miR‐8075
Authors: Song Tiefang , Xu Aili , Zhang Zongfeng , Gao Fei , Zhao Lin , Chen Xiuhui , Gao Jiayin , Kong Xianchao 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIn recent years, circular RNAs have been shown to serve as essential regulators in several human cancers. Nevertheless, the function and mechanism of CircRNA in cervical cancer remain elusive. In the present study, we showed that hsa_circRNA_101996 was highly expressed in cervical cancer tissues compared with matched normal tissues by bioinformatics analysis. We showed that the expression level of hsa_circRNA_101996 in cervical cancer tissues was positively correlated with TNM stage, tumor size, and lymph node metastasis. Moreover, higher levels of hsa_circRNA_101996 were related to poor outcomes of cervical cancer patients. We found that knockdown of hsa_circRNA_101996 significantly inhibited the proliferation, cell cycle, migration, and invasion of cervical cancer cells. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that hsa_circRNA_101996 served as a sponge of miR‐8075, which targeted TPX2 in cervical cancer cells. We showed that miR‐8075 that was downregulated in cervical cancer tissues repressed cervical cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Furthermore, we validated that upregulation of TPX2 by hsa_circRNA_101996‐mediated inhibition of miR‐8075 contributed to cervical cancer proliferation, migration, and invasion. Taken together, our findings revealed a novel mechanism that hsa_circRNA_101996‐miR‐8075‐TPX2 network promoted cervical cancer progression.
Effects of activin A on the transcriptome of mouse oogenesis in vitro
Authors: Wang Jun‐Jie , Zhai Qiu‐Yue , Zhang Rui‐Qian , Ge Wei , Liu Jing‐Cai , Li Lan , Sun Zhong‐Yi , De Felici Massimo , Shen Wei 
Published: January 2019

AbstractFrom the previous research, it has been supported that activin A (ActA) is conducive to ovarian development in vitro. In the present paper, with the aim to identify the molecular pathways through which ActA can influence processes of the fetal and early postnatal oogenesis, we analyzed the transcriptome of embryonic ovaries (12.5 days postcoitum) in vitro cultured with or without ActA for 6 days, as well as the produced oocytes for 28 days, and further compared the gene expression profile with their in vivo counterparts. With the confirmation of designed test, we found that the addition of ActA to the ovary culture tended, generally, to align oocyte gene expression to the in vivo condition, in particular of a number of genes involved in meiosis and epigenetic modifications of histones. In particular, we identified DNA recombination during the oocyte meiotic prophase I and lysine trimethylation of the histone H3K27 during the oocyte growth phase as molecular pathways modulated by ActA.
Left ventricular global longitudinal strain and mechanical dispersion predict response to multipoint pacing for cardiac resynchronization therapy
Authors: Zhu Mengruo , Chen Haiyan , Fulati Zibire , Liu Yang , Su Yangang , Shu Xianhong 
Published: January 2019

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the acute effect of multipoint pacing (MPP) and search for the better baseline predictors of response to MPP for guiding patient selection.MethodsWe enrolled 46 heart failure patients scheduled for implantation of MPP‐enabled cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) devices. An acute pacing protocol including conventional CRT and MPP pacing configurations was performed after implantation. Echocardiography was used at baseline and during pacing test, and response was defined as left ventricular (LV) end‐systolic volume (ESV) reduction ≥ 15% at 6‐month follow‐up.ResultsMPP response was present in 32 (69%) patients. Responders showed significantly superior LV ejection fraction, global longitudinal peak strain (GLPS), and mechanical dispersion (MD) with MPP than with conventional CRT (all P < 0.05). Baseline GLPS (OR 1.524; 95% CI 1.031‐2.251; P = 0.034) and MD (OR 1.048; 95% CI 1.016‐1.081; P = 0.003) were independent predictors of MPP response in multivariate regression analysis. Both |GLPS| and MD were significantly correlated with percentage change in LVESV (▵LVESV%) at 6‐month follow‐up (r = 0.731 and r = 0.696, respectively; all P < 0.001). |GLPS| ≥ 5.0% combined with MD ≥ 120 ms predicted MPP response with the optimal sensitivity of 91% and specificity of 71% (AUC = 0.848, P < 0.001).ConclusionsMPP tends to be superior to conventional CRT in improving acute response. |GLPS| and MD can successfully predict response to MPP, and their combination can further improve the prediction accuracy of response.
Contour extraction of a laser stripe located on a microscope image from a stereo light microscope
Authors: Wang Yuezong , Geng Benliang , Long Chao 
Published: January 2019

AbstractA stereo light microscope has a special optical structure that consists of two optical paths. With two cameras fitted on its imaging planes, a microscopic binocular vision system can be constructed, and this system can be applied in three‐dimensional (3D) shape measurements of a microscopic object. A novel‐shape reconstruction system is developed in this article composed of laser fringe scanning and a stereo light microscope. A laser projector emits a thin light sheet and projects it onto the microscopic object's surface. The microscopic object is placed on a micro‐displacement mechanism and moved in a given direction. The entire surface of the object is scanned by the light sheet. This system captures a series of microscopic images of the laser stripe, which are used to restore the 3D shape of the object. In this article, we mainly focus on the study of the laser stripe detection method, which is derived based on the Canny rule. First, the Canny rule outputs pixels at the left and right edges of the laser stripe. Then, a subpixel edge extraction method is proposed based on polynomial fitting that outputs the center curve of the laser stripe. Finally, an edge filter is used to smooth the edge burrs, and the Hermite interpolation method is used to link the broken edges and construct continuous, smoothing edge contours. The results show that this method can effectively find the subpixel position of the laser stripe and output high‐quality edge contours. The method is suitable for extracting the contours of a laser stripe located in a microscope image.
Estimation of HIV‐1 viral load in plasma of HIV‐1‐infected people based on the associated Raman spectroscopic peaks
Authors: Otange Ben , Birech Zephania , Rop Ronald , Oyugi Julius 
Published: January 2019

AbstractMost HIV viral load determination techniques available commercially are anchored on direct measurements of either HIV ribonucleic acid (RNA), provirus DNA, or viral antigen. Such techniques often require expensive reagents which makes the process expensive. This study reported the feasibility of label‐free determination of HIV‐1 viral load in plasma based on the consequence of the virus in the components of plasma. The study aimed to provide a relatively cheap and faster HIV‐1 detection and further estimate the concentration of the virus without using any reagent. We subjected 22 HIV‐1‐infected human plasma samples to Raman peak height evaluation to develop a detection and concentration estimation model for HIV‐1. Simultaneously, all the samples were examined for HIV‐1 infection using qualitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test. The positive samples were further subjected to quantitative PCR to determine their corresponding viral load. Principal component analysis (PCA) and artificial neural network (ANN) were employed in Raman spectral analysis to enhance label‐free detection of the HIV‐1 in plasma. The quantification model results for HIV‐1 yielded a good correlation with those obtained by the reference quantitative PCR method. HIV‐1 viral load estimation based on the associated Raman spectral peaks centered at 1,270 and 1,446 cm−1 achieved a clinically accepted coefficient of determination (R2 > 0.9). The viral detection sensitivity from the two associated peaks were 95 and 100 copies of the virus per milliliter of plasma, respectively, hence showing that the Raman‐based model can be a potential HIV‐1 diagnostic and viral load estimation tool.
Effect of Various Electrolytes on the Phase Separation and Thermodynamic Properties of p‐Tert‐Alkylphenoxy Poly (Oxyethylene) Ether in the Absence/Presence of Drugs
Authors: Khan Muhammad Akhlaqur Rahman , Amin Md. Ruhul , Mahbub Shamim , Alam Md. Masud , Rub Malik Abdul , Hoque Md. Anamul , Khan Mohammed Abdullah , Asiri Abdullah M. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractCloud point (CP) measurements of 4‐(1,1,3,3‐tetramethylbutyl) phenyl‐polyethyleneglycol (Triton X‐100 (TX‐100)) were performed in aqueous solution in the presence of drug Amikacin sulfate (AS)/Neomycin sulfate (NS)/(AS/NS+ different inorganic salts). In aqueous solution, the CP values of TX‐100 first decrease with increasing concentration and then increase with increasing surfactant concentration. The CP values of TX‐100 solutions were found to increase with the increasing concentration of the AS/NS drug. The CP values of TX‐100‐AS/NS mixtures were also observed to decrease with the increase of the concentration of salt. Different thermodynamic parameters such as standard free energy (), standard enthalpy () as well as the standard entropy () change of phase separation were calculated and discussed in relation to molecular interactions.
Layer‐By‐Layer Modified Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles with Stimuli‐Responsive Drug Release Properties
Authors: Akbar Majid , Cagli Eda , Erel‐Göktepe Irem 
Published: January 2019

AbstractSuperparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) are synthesized through ultrasound based coprecipitation method. SPIONs are coated with poly(2‐isopropyl‐2‐oxazoline) (PIPOX) and tannic acid (TA) in a layer‐by‐layer (LbL) fashion at pH 4 and 25 °C. PIPOX/TA coated SPIONs are then loaded with doxorubicin (DOX) at pH 7.5 and 25 °C. DOX release from LbL‐coated SPIONs is examined at pH 7.5 and pH 6 at 25 °C, 37 °C, and 42 °C. LbL‐coated SPIONs exhibit dual responsive behavior and release the greatest amount of DOX at pH 6 and 42 °C. Increasing layer number decreases the colloidal stability and saturation magnetization. Superparamagnetic behavior of SPIONs retains after coating. Overall, this study shows an alternative strategy to modify the surface of SPIONs with a dual responsive polymer coating which is capable of releasing DOX at moderately acidic pH of 6 within a physiologically related temperature range. Besides, it generates fundamental knowledge for further development of SPIONs‐based drug carriers.
Nanoscale Archimedean Tilings Formed by 3‐Miktoarm Star Terpolymer Thin Films
Authors: Antoine Ségolène , Aissou Karim , Mumtaz Muhammad , Pécastaings Gilles , Buffeteau Thierry , Fleury Guillaume , Hadziioannou Georges 
Published: January 2019

Abstract3‐Miktoarm star terpolymer architecture (3µ‐ABC), consisting of three dissimilar polymer chains, A, B, and C connected at a junction point, provides a unique opportunity in the design of complex nanoscale patterns such as Archimedean tilings that are not accessible from linear ABC terpolymers. In this work, the synthesis and the self‐assembly of 3‐miktoarm star terpolymers, namely, polystyrene‐arm‐poly(2‐vinylpyridine)‐arm‐polyisoprene (3µ‐SPI) into Archimedean tiling patterns is described. Several 3µ‐SPI terpolymers are produced via a mid‐functional PS‐b‐P2VP, synthesized by sequential anionic polymerization, using a 1,1‐diphenylethylene bearing a tert‐butyldimethylsilyl–protected hydroxyl functionality as a core molecule. PI arms with different sizes are then linked to the deprotected hydroxyl function of the core molecule via a Steglich esterification. Solvent‐annealed 3µ‐SPI thin films exhibit nanoscale prisms arranged into a (4.6.12) Archimedean tiling pattern. Depending on the size of the low etch‐resistant PI arm and the solvent selected to promote the self‐assembly of 3µ‐SPI thin films, the voided columns occupy the square or decagonal sites of the (4.6.12) pattern. The use of this (4.6.12) tiling produced for the first time from self‐assembled 3µ‐ABC thin films can be a promising route to build 2D photonic crystals having complete photonic band gaps, where the light propagation is completely prohibited.
The usual suspects, dopamine and alpha‐synuclein, conspire to cause neurodegeneration
Authors: Mor Danielle E. , Daniels Malcolm J. , Ischiropoulos Harry 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACTParkinson's disease (PD) is primarily a movement disorder driven by the loss of dopamine‐producing neurons in the substantia nigra (SN). Early identification of the oxidative properties of dopamine implicated it as a potential source of oxidative stress in PD, yet few studies have investigated dopamine neurotoxicity in vivo. The discovery of PD‐causing mutations in α‐synuclein and the presence of aggregated α‐synuclein in the hallmark Lewy body pathology of PD revealed another important player. Despite extensive efforts, the precise role of α‐synuclein aggregation in neurodegeneration remains unclear. We recently manipulated both dopamine levels and α‐synuclein expression in aged mice and found that only the combination of these 2 factors caused progressive neurodegeneration of the SN and an associated motor deficit. Dopamine modified α‐synuclein aggregation in the SN, resulting in greater abundance of α‐synuclein oligomers and unique dopamine‐induced oligomeric conformations. Furthermore, disruption of the dopamine‐α‐synuclein interaction rescued dopaminergic neurons from degeneration in transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans models. In this Perspective, we discuss these findings in the context of known α‐synuclein and dopamine biology, review the evidence for α‐synuclein oligomer toxicity and potential mechanisms, and discuss therapeutic implications. © 2019 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
TRPV4 is involved in levonorgestrel‐induced reduction in oviduct ciliary beating
Authors: Li Cheng , Wu Yan‐Ting , Zhu Qian , Zhang Hui‐Yu , Huang Zhen , Zhang Duo , Qi Hang , Liang Gui‐Ling , He Xiao‐Qing , Wang Xiao‐Feng , Tang Xue , Huang He‐Feng , Zhang Jian 
Published: January 2019

AbstractPrevious studies revealed the increasing risk of tubal pregnancy following failure of levonorgestrel (LNG)‐induced emergency contraception, which was attributed to the reduced ciliary motility in response to LNG. However, understanding of the mechanism of LNG‐induced reduction in the ciliary beat frequency (CBF) is limited. The transient receptor potential vanilloid (TRPV) 4 channel is located widely in the female reproductive tract and generates an influx of Ca2+ following its activation under normal physiological conditions, which regulates the CBF. The present study aimed to explore whether LNG reduced the CBF in the Fallopian tubes by modulating TRPV4 channels, leading to embryo retention in the Fallopian tubes and subsequent tubal pregnancy. The study provided evidence that the expression of TRPV4 was downregulated in the Fallopian tubes among patients with tubal pregnancy and negatively correlated with the serum level of progesterone. LNG downregulated the expression of TRPV4, limiting the calcium influx to reduce the CBF in mouse oviducts. Furthermore, the distribution of ciliated cells and the morphology of cilia did not change following the administration of LNG. LNG‐induced reduction in the CBF and embryo retention in the Fallopian tubes and in mouse oviducts were partially reversed by the progesterone receptor antagonist RU486 or the TRPV4 agonist 4α‐phorbol 12,13‐didecanoate (4α‐PDD). The results indicated that LNG could downregulate the expression of TRPV4 to reduce the CBF in both humans and mice, suggesting the possible mechanism of tubal pregnancy. © 2019 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Cover Image, Volume 68, Issue 2
Authors: Wang Bao , Menyhard Alfred , Alfonso Giovanni C , Müller Alejandro J , Cavallo Dario 
Published: January 2019

The cover image is based on the Research Article Differential scanning calorimetry study of cross‐nucleation between polymorphs in isotactic poly(1‐butene) by Bao Wang et al. DOI: 10.1002/pi.5595.
image
Optimizing Size Exclusion Chromatography for Extracellular Vesicle Enrichment and Proteomic Analysis from Clinically Relevant Samples
Authors: Lane Rebecca E. , Korbie Darren , Trau Matt , Hill Michelle M. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe field of extracellular vesicle (EV) research has rapidly expanded in recent years, with particular interest in their potential as circulating biomarkers. Proteomic analysis of EVs from clinical samples is complicated by the low abundance of EV proteins relative to highly abundant circulating proteins such as albumin and apolipoproteins. To overcome this, size exclusion chromatography (SEC) has been proposed as a method to enrich EVs whilst depleting protein contaminants; however, the optimal SEC parameters for EV proteomics have not been thoroughly investigated. Here, quantitative evaluation and optimization of SEC are reported for separating EVs from contaminating proteins. Using a synthetic model system followed by cell line‐derived EVs, it is found that a 10 mL Sepharose 4B column in PBS produces optimal resolution of EVs from background protein. By spiking‐in cancer cell‐derived EVs to healthy plasma, it is shown that some cancer EV‐associated proteins are detectable by nano‐LC‐MS/MS when as little as 1% of the total plasma EV number are derived from a cancer cell line. These results suggest that an optimized SEC and nanoLC‐MS/MS workflow may be sufficiently sensitive for disease EV protein biomarker discovery from patient‐derived clinical samples.
Ultrastretchable and conductive core/sheath hydrogel fibers with multifunctionality
Authors: Yin Tenghao , Wu Lei , Wu Tonghao , Mao Guoyong , Nian Guodong , Chen Zhe , Hu Xiaocheng , Wang Peng , Xiang Yuhai , Yu Honghui , Qu Shaoxing , Yang Wei 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACTConductive hydrogels with ionic compounds possess great potential for the development of soft smart devices. A dielectric scarfskin is typically required for these devices to prevent short circuiting, leading to devices with lower stretchability than the hydrogel. Henceforth, commonly used dielectric materials, such as PDMS and Ecoflex, cannot be largely stretched. Hydrogel devices with ultrastretchability are required to accommodate hostile application environments. Herein, we propose a hydrogel fiber coated with a dielectric layer that can be stretched to over 2000% of its initial length. The fiber remains conductive when stretched to ~1300%. In addition, the core/sheath hydrogel fiber can be endowed with a variety of functional properties, such as electroluminescence (EL), photoluminescence (PL), and magnetic‐responsiveness, demonstrating scalability of the resultant fiber. The present work can pave the way for numerous next‐generation soft devices, such as smart textiles and wearable electronics. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2019, 57, 272–280
Diagnostic and Prognostic Performance of Secreted Protein Acidic and Rich in Cysteine (SPARC) Assay for Detecting Primary and Recurrent Urinary Bladder Cancer
Authors: Critselis Elena , Rava Marta , Marquez Mirari , Lygirou Vasiliki , Chatzicharalambous Despoina , Liapi Panagiota , Lichtinghagen Ralph , Brand Korbinian , Cecchini Lluís , Vlahou Antonia , Malats Nuria , Zoidakis Jerome 
Published: January 2019

PurposeTo evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic performance of Secreted Protein Acidic and Rich in Cysteine (SPARC) in detecting urinary bladder cancer (UBC).MethodsThe Integrated Study on Bladder Cancer (n = 571; mean age:69.4 ± 12.2 years) evaluates cross‐sectionally SPARC diagnostic performance in primary (n = 264) and recurrent (n = 307) UBC. SPARC prognostic performance is evaluated in a nested cohort (n = 250) prospectively followed for 80 months to detect tumor relapse, recurrence and/or progression. Baseline urine samples are analyzed blindly using a commercially available SPARC ELISA assay, characterized for its analytical performance according to clinical test regulatory requirements (R&D Manufactures Inc.).ResultsWhile higher mean SPARC levels are detected in primary (p = 0.008) and recurrent (p < 0.0001) UBC, the assay has limited diagnostic performance (AUC:0.593; 95% CI:0.524‐0.663). SPARC positive patients undergoing disease monitoring are more likely to develop tumor relapse (age and gender Adj. HR:1.52; 95% CI:1.04‐2.22) and progression (Adj. HR:1.83; 95% CI:1.02–3.27). However, prognostic performance is affected by hematuria.ConclusionsSPARC diagnostic performance for detecting UBC appears insufficient for clinical implementation. In patients undergoing disease monitoring, SPARC is a promising prognostic marker for tumor relapse and/or progression, but is affected by hematuria.
Urinary Peptidomic Biomarker for Personalized Prevention and Treatment of Diastolic Left Ventricular Dysfunction
Authors: Zhang Zhen‐Yu , Nkuipou‐Kenfack Esther , Staessen Jan A. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractDiastolic heart failure (DHF) is characterized by slow left ventricular (LV) relaxation, increased LV stiffness, interstitial deposition of collagen, and a modified extracellular matrix proteins. Among Europeans, the frequency of asymptomatic diastolic LV dysfunction (DD) is 25%. This constitutes a large pool of people at high risk of DHF. The goal of this review was to describe the discovery and the initial validation of new multidimensional urinary peptidomic biomarkers (UPB) indicative of DD, mainly consisting of collagen fragments, and to describe a roadmap for their introduction into clinical practice. The availability of new drugs creates a window of opportunity for mounting a randomized clinical trial consolidating the clinical applicability of UPB to screen for DD. If successfully completed, such trial will benefit ≈25% of all people older than 50 years and open a large market for a UPB diagnostic tool and the drug tested. Moreover, sequenced peptides making up UPB will generate novel insights in the pathophysiology of DD and facilitate personalized treatment of patients with DHF for whom prevention came too late. If proven cost‐effective, the clinical application of UPB will contribute to the sustainability of health care in aging population in epidemiologic transition.