bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bioinformatic Analysis of a “Functional Cluster” Probably Related to Retinitis Pigmentosa
Authors: Donato Luigi , Denaro Lucia 
Published: May 2018

Background:Retinitis pigmentosa is an eye hereditary disease caused by photoreceptor death. One of the biggest problem is represented by its genetic heterogeneity, which has not yet allowed us to found all causative genes and how known ones could influence each other, leading to retinitis etiopathogenesis.Objective:To propose the possible relation between the “functional cluster” of vision dark adaptation, made of five phototransductional genes (RCVRN,GNB1,GNGT1,GRK7andARRB1), and retinitis pigmentosa onset.Methods:A bioinformatic approach was exploited: the starting point was searching through online database as PubMed and EMBASE to acquire information about the state of art of these gene. This step was followed by an in-silico analysis, performed by softwares as Cytoscape and Genecards Suite Plus, articulated in three phases: I) identification of common pathways and genes involved in; II) collection of previously detected genes; III) deep analysis of intersected genes and implication into etiopathogenesis of analzyed disease.Results:The whole in-silico analysis showed that all five gene products cooperate during phototransductional activation, expecially in the dark adaptation. Interestingly, the most exciting aspect regards the direct relation with several known retinitis pigmentosa causative genes, in form of protein interactions or other pathway correlations.Conclusion:Pathway analysis permitted us to hypothesize a possible role of analyzed genes in retinitis pigmentosa etiopathogenesis, also considering the key activity of their encoded proteins. Next step will be validating our hypotesis with functional assays to ensure the real meaning of this possible association, leading to new potential retinitis pigmentosa causative genes.
INTRODUCTORY NOTE
Authors: The Editors  
Published: May 2018

Ethics, Politics & Society is a new open access academic journal with double blind peer review dedicated to the publication of high level contributions in the fields of Political Philosophy and Theory, as well as Normative and Applied Ethics. Although it is open to all themes and approaches in these areas of knowledge, the journal focuses on issues related to theories of justice, democracy and recognition, as well as on ethical issues connected to scientific and technological development and their social and environmental impacts. Ethics, Politics & Society accepts the submission of originals both with a direct contemporary approach, or using the History of Moral and Political Philosophy to shed light on relevant problems in our time.
This first issue of Ethics, Politics & Society includes an open section and two closed sections that have been nevertheless subject to the same standards of peer-review. The first open section is composed with original articles submitted by Douglas Giles, Lars Lindblom and Matthew McLennan. The section devoted to the 8th Braga Meetings on Ethics and Political Philosophy opens with the keynote lecture on “The Democratic Boundary Problem Reconsidered” delivered in Braga by Gustaf Arrhenius. This outstanding contribution is followed by a dossier of selected papers presented at the Meetings by Ashley Lane, Josh T. U. Cohen, Deven Burks, Daniel Guillery, Stephen McLeod, and Damiano Simoncelli. This section has been guest edited by Alexandra Abranches and Eze Paez.
The third section consists of a Symposium on Friedrich Hayek and Karl Polanyi. This timely and provocative book discussion that combines readings of The Road to Serfdom and The Great Transformation has been guest edited by António Baptista and Pedro Teixeira, with contributions by António Baião, José Colen and Pedro Moreira, Filipe Nobre Faria, Patrícia Fernandes, Bru Lain, and João Rodrigues.
Ethics, Politics & Society encourages prospective authors to submit their manuscripts in English, Portuguese or Spanish through the journal website, together with the statement that the submitted piece has not been published before and elsewhere. All the papers submitted to Ethics, Politics & Society are subject to the evaluation of at least two reviewers in the corresponding scientific domain. Papers are sent anonymously to blind referees, who are asked to write a review according to the evaluation form adopted by the journal, which includes the following aspects: adequacy to the journal publication standards; adequacy of the paper subject to the scope of the journal; substantive relevance; originality; relevance of the critical methodology; clarity of presentation; arguments and relationship between initial hypotheses and final results.
With the appearance of Ethics, Politics & Society, its editors believe that a clear and urgent lacuna is filled in for an international journal that works as a high-level global forum imprinted with the perspective of Southern Europe.
Urban Poverty Reduction: A review of literature
Authors: Chamhuri Nurul Hidayah , Abdul Karim Hafazah , Hamdan Hazlina 
Published: May 2018

In the recent years, an extensive body of literature has emerged on the definition, measurement and analyzing of urban poverty. This paper provides a meaning and understanding for the term urban poverty and explores the concept of urban poverty, vulnerability, and urban poverty dynamics that underpin this meaning. It reviews "who" is poor and "why" they stay poor and what is known out there about policies in reducing urban poverty. Specific conclusions regarding towards the conceptual framework of urban poverty reduction issues are discussed. With the resources and literatures available today, however, there is no excuse for hundreds of millions still living in urban poverty around the world.
Permanent maxillary central incisor and first molar rotations in the mixed dentition in repaired complete unilateral cleft lip and palate and their relationship with absence of teeth in their vicinity
Authors: Suri Sunjay , Disthaporn Suteeta , Ross Bruce , Tompson Bryan , Baena Diogenes , Fisher David , Lou Wendy 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT

Objectives:
To describe qualitatively and quantitatively the directions and magnitudes of rotations of permanent maxillary central incisors and first molars in the mixed dentition in repaired complete unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) and study their associations with absence of teeth in their vicinity.

Materials and Methods:
Dental casts and orthodontic records taken prior to orthodontic preparation for alveolar bone grafting of 74 children with repaired UCLP (53 male, 21 female; aged 8.9 ± 1.0 years) were studied. Directions and magnitudes of permanent maxillary central incisor and first molar rotations were recorded. Tooth absence was confirmed from longitudinal radiographic records. Incisor and molar rotations were analyzed in relation to the absence of teeth in their vicinity.

Results:
Distolabial rotation of the permanent maxillary central incisor was noted in 77.14% on the cleft side, while distopalatal rotation was noted in 82.19% on the noncleft side. Incisor rotation was greater when a permanent tooth was present distal to the cleft side central incisor, in the greater segment. The permanent maxillary first molar showed mesiopalatal rotation, which was greater on the cleft side and when there was absence of one or more teeth in the buccal segment.

Conclusions:
Presence and absence of teeth were associated with the severity of incisor and molar rotations in UCLP. Crowding of anterior teeth in the greater segment was associated with a greater magnitude of rotation of the cleft side permanent central incisor. Absence of one or more buccal segment teeth was associated with greater magnitude of rotation of the molar.
The Antihyperlipidaemic Property of Methanol Leaf Extract of Chrysophyllum albidum in Albino Rats (Wistar Strain) Fed on High Fat Diet.
Authors: Ojemekele Osebhahiemen Happiness , Omoregie Ehimwenma Sheena 
Published: May 2018

Hyperlipidaemia is a well documented risk factor for cardiovascular disease, a major cause of mortality world-wide. Chrysophyllum albidum (white star apple) has several medicinal properties. Ingestion of the fruits has been found to lower lipid levels in the body, due to its high fibre content. Research works have shown that several parts of the plant are highly medicinal. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antihyperlipidaemic property of methanol leaf extract of Chrysophyllum albidum in Wistar rats fed with a high fat diet. Thirty male Wistar rats weighing between 130g-150g were distributed into five groups of six animals each. Group 1 received normal fat diet (NFD). Group 2 received high fat diet (HFD; Grower mash supplemented with 20% beef tallow). Group 3 received HFD and a standard lipid lowering drug, orlistat (20mg/kg body weight, p.o). Animals in group 4 and 5 were fed on HFD and received methanol leaf extract of Chrysophyllum albidum, 250mg/kg and 500mg/kg, p.o respectively. The administration was carried out for 56 days. On the 57th day, animals were sacrificed by cervical dislocation. Organs were harvested and blood samples were collected for biochemical analyses. Results showed that the administration of HFD increased the total cholesterol, LDL-Cholesterol, triglycerides levels and decreased the HDL- cholesterol levels significantly (p <0.05). Simultaneous administration of Chrysophyllum albidum extract significantly (p<0.05) reduced the total cholesterol, LDL-Cholesterol, triglycerides levels and increased HDL- Cholesterol. Final body weights of animals that received Chrysophyllum albidum extract were significantly (p<0.05) lower than final body weights of animals in groups 2 (negative control). Results from Histopathology revealed inflammation of the liver and kidney of rats in group 2 (negative control). On the other hand, rats that received orlistat and Chrysophyllum albidum extract had normal liver and kidney architecture. It was concluded that Chrysophyllum albidum extract showed antihyperlipidemic effect in rats fed with beef tallow supplemented diet.
Characterization of Phospholipase A2 Enzyme Activity in Serum of the Komodo Dragon (Varanus komodoensis)Soluble phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) is an enzyme found in the peripheral circulation of vertebrates which has significant immunological activity. This en
Authors: Merchant Mark , Muscher-Hodges Bekky , Bryja Judith 
Published: May 2018

Soluble phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) is an enzyme found in the peripheral circulation of vertebrates which has significant immunological activity. This enzyme exerts immune activity by the hydrolysis of fatty acids from the sn-2 position of membrane glycerophospholipids of microbes, thus compromising membrane integrity and casing eventual lysis. We utilized membrane fatty acids labeled with a fluorescent probe (BODIPY) at the sn-2 position fatty acid to label the membranes. Incubation of different volumes of serum from Komodo dragons with BODIPY-labeled bacteria resulted in liberation of labeled fatty acid in a serum volume-dependent manner. This cleavage of fatty acid occurred rapidly, with a biphasic production of fluorescent product. An immediate accumulation of product was noted, which increased steadily for a 30-minute period, followed by a slower hydrolysis between 30 and 180 min. The activity was temperature-dependent, with low activities observed at 5oC and a linear increase up to 40oC. The liberation for fatty acid was inhibited by p-bromophenacyl bromide, a specific phospholipase A2 (PLA2) inhibitor, in a concentration-dependent manner, indicating that the activity was due to the presence of sPLA2.
The Curative Effect of Berberine Nanoparticles and Cisplatin Combination Therapies Against Hepatocarcinogenesis-Induced By N-Nitroso-Diethylamine In Male Rat
Authors: Mohamed Nema Abdelhameed , Ali Awatef Mohamed , Ghareeb Doaa Ahmed , Mohamed Adham Rashed , Elmokhtar Yasmin Mohamed 
Published: May 2018

This study aimed to investigate whether berberine nanoparticles (BBR-NPs) and/or cisplatin supplementation could prevent hepatocarcinogenesis-induced by N-nitroso-diethylamine (DENA) in male rats. Male Wistar albino rats were divided into five groups; Group 1: Control; Group 2: DENA-CCl4; Group 3: DENA-CCl4+Cisplatin; Group 4: DENA-CCl4+BBR-NPs; Group 5: DENA-CCl4+Cisplatin+BBR-NPs. DENA-CCl4 significantly increase AST, ALT, ALP, LDH, GGT, AFP activities and total bilirubin, while, 5, NT, total protein and albumin decreased. DENA-CCl4 treatment caused increment in MDA levels and reduction in SOD, CAT, GPx and GSH in liver tissues. Moreover, DENA-CCl4 increase the gene expression of ADAM17 and TNF-Î± however, P53 was declined. In addition, DENA-CCl4 caused severe histopathological lesions in the liver tissue. Interestingly, administration of berberine nanoparticles alone or in combination with cisplatin improves the hepatocarcinogenesis induced by DENA-CCl4 on the physiological, biochemical, molecular and histological levels by decreasing oxidative stress and preserving gene expression of ADAM17, TNF-Î± and P53. The present findings suggest that BBR-NPs with cisplatin might offer a promising strategy for the prevention of liver cancer.
HYERS-ULAM STABILITY OF FIRST ORDER LINEAR DIFFERENCE OPERATORS ON BANACH SPACE
Authors: Tripathy Arun Kumar , Senapati Pragnya 
Published: May 2018

In this work, the Hyers-Ulam stability of first order linear difference operator TP defined by
(Tpu)(n) = âˆ†u(n) - p(n)u(n);
is studied on the Banach space X = lâˆž, where p(n) is a sequence of reals.
Inverse System in The Category of Intuitionistic Fuzzy Soft Modules
Authors: Abdullayev S. E. , Bayramov Sadi 
Published: May 2018

This paper begins with the basic concepts of soft module. Later, we introduce inverse system in the category of intutionistic fuzzy soft modules and prove that its limit exists in this category. Generally, limit of inverse system of exact sequences of intutionistic fuzzy soft modules is not exact. Then we define the notion which is first derived functor of the inverse limit functor. Finally, using methods of homology algebra, we prove that the inverse system limit of exact sequence of intutionistic fuzzy soft modules is exact.
Commutativity of Addition in Prime Near-Rings with Right (Î¸,Î¸)-3-Derivations
Authors: Saed Ikram A. 
Published: May 2018

Let N be a near-ring and is a mapping on N . In this paper we introduce the notion of right ()-3-derivation in near-ring N. Also, we investigate the commutativity of addition of prime near-rings satisfying certain identities involving right ()-3-derivation.
Evaluation of using radiographic films in measurements of penumbra width for radiotherapy applications and stereotactic radiosurgery
Authors: Hegazy Ehab A 
Published: May 2018

The accuracy of treatment field size in is a success key in cancer radiotherapy. As Increase in dose may lead to overdose side effects, and decrease in dose lead to subtherapeutic effect which increased incidence of tumor recurrence or incomplete recovery of patient. Many physical parameters should be measured very accurately in order to predict the dose distribution as physical penumbra of radiation fields. Ionization chamber is considered as slandered tools for measuring penumbra.
Mega voltage x-ray energy penumbra is measured using ionization chamber due to its high accuracy in measuring absolute dose. This technique can produce the gold standard for penumbra measurements; however, it is a very time consuming and demanding process.
Aim of this work is to evaluate the using radiographic films in penumbra width measurements for radiotherapy applications and stereotactic radiosurgery by comparing results obtained by standard ionization chambers to radiographic films as new tool for penumbral width measurements.
Comparison between penumbra region measured by ionization chamber and o-xmat v Kodak radiographic films were carried out under the same physical and dosimeteric conditions.
Penumbra width differences were found to be less than 1 mm for 6 mev, 15 mev photon beam and 6 mv, 15 mv electron beam used in radiotherapy. Measured differences were considered very small and has no effect on penumbra width measurements however o-xmat v Kodak films provide fast .easy and economic method for penumbra measurement used in radiotherapy dosimetery.
Old Inconsistency In Electromagnetism And A Way To Eliminate It
Authors: Petushchak Valerij Disan 
Published: May 2018

Classical electromagnetic theory uses axial pseudo-vectors to describe magnetic interactions. It is impossible to explain adequately magnetic interaction at the micro level (elements of conductors and the magnetic interactions of charges) by axial vectors. As a result, the correct form of interactions in classical electrodynamics is only an integral one. The differential formulas for magnetic interactions violate the third Newtonâ€™s law.
In the paper, we use polar vectors (real physical vectors) to describe magnetic interactions. On this way, we show that the real physical magnetic field, in contrast to the solenoidal field of the axial vector magnetic induction B, has two components: a potential field with nonvanishing divergence and a solenoidal field with vanishing divergence. These two fields act separately and independently and have different models of interactions.
Doing so, we can write differential form for the Ampereâ€™s law obtaining correct formula for the magnetic interactions and adequate interpretation of the Biot-Savart law.
Kinetic waves - dynamics of light propagation
Authors: Rota Luciano M.R. 
Published: May 2018

An in-depth analysis of the dynamics connected to the Doppler-effect brings clear light to elements of contradiction with the original ground on which the axiom of the constancy of lightspeed was based.
Thereby, with regard to electromagnetic phenomenology, the duality waves/particles and the wavy dynamic of light-propagation suggest the existence of a natural kind of waves, which differently from the classic ones, are originating by kinetic thrust and propagating, also though vacuum, by inertial force. The model taken into consideration, to which has been given the name of â€œkinetic wavesâ€ is, like the classic one, a concretely existing natural phenomenon which can also be visually perceived if produced on molecular scale. Moreover kinetic waves seem to offer many more points of similarity, in dynamic and behavior, with the electromagnetic waves, than the classic model.
Applying the obtained results on the astrophysical field, taking as example the quasar 3C-273, the recently found, most far galaxy GN-z11 and the galaxy NGC 224 (better known as Andromeda), can mathematically and concretely be sustained that none of the energy sources we optically perceive, showing a Doppler-shift, nor is approaching nor regressing.
In the appendix, a suggested and accurately described experiment on base of Radar Astronomy to possibly confirm the validity of the model presented by this article.
Dynamics of the Professional Orientation of the Students in the Specialty of Pre-School and Primary School Education
Authors: Teneva Maria Slavova 
Published: May 2018

The article presents the problem of the vocational orientation of students who are mastering the professions of pre-school and primary-school teachers at the Faculty of Education at Trakia University.
The subject of the study is the professional orientation of students in the specialty "Pre-school and primary-school education".
The object of the study is the dynamics of their career orientation from the first to the last year of their studies at the university.
The aim is to establish the level of professional orientation of students mastering the teaching profession.
The following research methods were used for the implementation of the so set aim: test, content analysis, pertinent analysis, longitudinal study.
Presented are the results of the author's study, tracking the dynamics of the professional orientation of the students during the first and the last year of their studies in the faculty.
The results indicate that the professional choice of future pedagogues is conducted in accordance with a process of realization of their professional self-identification. The young people who study Pre-school and Primary School Education choose their future profession on the basis of their high level of professional orientation. A supportive pedagogical environment in the course of their training helps to raise the level of their professional orientation.
PENGARUH TERAPI PERILAKU (TEKNIK MODELLING DAN TOKEN EKONOMI) TERHADAP FREKUENSI ENURESIS PADA ANAK USIA PRASEKOLAH (4-6 TAHUN)
Authors: Wahid Abd , Salat Sri Yunita Suraida 
Published: May 2018

Enuresisis urinary problem sare often found in childhood and cause concern for patients and their families. The results of preliminary studies that have been carried outin Apri l2014, of 10 children aged 4-6 years who were in the village of Sejati Slabayan District of Camplong Sampang found that 60% of children aged4-6 years experience denuresis and 40% did not experience enuresis.
This study is an experimental pre-one group pretest-posttest design. Collecting data using pre and post observations. Data was taken on the majority of children who have enuresis of purposive sampling technique. The results were analyzed using descriptive and correlation parametric test paired t-test.
The frequency of enuresis in children before and after behavior therapy there are significant differences. Analysis of parametric tes twith a variable scale paired t-test shows that there is influence between behavior therapy (modeling techniques and token economy) to decrease the frequency of enuresis(p=0.000).
To further research the authors suggest that continued follow-up study with some preparation sinclude a clearand practical education to the respondent, the procurement of more stringent environmental controls, manufacture of detector surinate more flexible, so that it can be better.
A noção de escala nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental / The scale’s notion in the early years of Elementary School
Authors: Pommer Wagner Marcelo , Pommer Clarice Peres Carvalho Retroz 
Published: May 2018

A escala é um tema matemático trabalhado a partir do 3º ciclo do Ensino Fundamental como uma ferramenta para se construir gráficos cartesianos e mapas. A presente pesquisa se propôs a verificar se e em que medida é possível introduzir a noção de escala, no âmbito dos números naturais, nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental. Deste modo, elaboramos uma situação de aprendizagem para viabilizar a conversão entre a linguagem natural (o texto), a linguagem aritmética (a operação de contagem) e o registro geométrico (a reta numérica), de modo a ampliar o repertório de compreensão, conforme expõe Duval (2003). A situação de aprendizagem foi aplicada em uma aula de Matemática no 2º ciclo do Ensino Fundamental, de uma escola pública da cidade de São Paulo, no ano de 2011. As manifestações escritas e orais dos alunos revelaram que a conversão entre as linguagens favoreceu introduzir a noção de escala.
PEMAHAMAN KONSEP MATEMATIKA SISWA MELALUI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN AIR (AUDITORY , INTELLECTUALY, REPETITION) DAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN COURSE REVIEW HORAY PADA SISWA KELAS XI IPA SMA BUDI UTOMO JOMBANG
Authors: Purnomo Bambang 
Published: May 2018

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah melihat efektivitas penerapan model pembelajaran AIR (Auditory, Intellectualy, Repetition) dan Model Pembelajaran Course Review Horaydalam meningkatkan pemahaman konsep matematika bagi siswa SMA. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh rendahnya pemahaman konsep matematika yang menyebabkan minat belajar siswa juga sangat rendah dalam pelajaran matematika. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode gabungan penelitian eksperimen dan penelitian deskriptif. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah Randomized Control Group Only Design. Dari analisis data yang dilakukan terlihat bahwa terdapat peningkatan pemahaman konsep matematika setelah menerapkan model pembelajaran AIR dan Model Pembelajaran Course Review Horay.