bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identifying Hemolytic Disease of the Fetus and Newborn within a Large Integrated Health Care System
Authors: Xie Fagen , Fassett Michael J. , Shi Jiaxiao M. , Chiu Vicki Y. , Im Theresa M. , Kim Sunhea , Mensah Nana A. , Khadka Nehaa , Park Daniella , Mao Carol , Molaei Matthew , Lin Iris , Getahun Darios 
Published: November 2024

Objective This study aims to identify hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN) pregnancies using electronic health records (EHRs) from a large integrated health care system.
Study Design A retrospective cohort study was performed among pregnant patients receiving obstetrical care at Kaiser Permanente Southern California health care system between January 1, 2008, and June 30, 2022. Using structured (diagnostic/procedural codes, medication, and laboratory records) and unstructured (clinical notes analyzed via natural language processing) data abstracted from EHRs, we extracted HDFN-specific “indicators” (maternal positive antibody test and abnormal antibody titer, maternal/infant HDFN diagnosis and blood transfusion, hydrops fetalis, infant intravenous immunoglobulin [IVIG] treatment, jaundice/phototherapy, and first administrated Rho[D] Immune Globulin) to identify potential HDFN pregnancies. Chart reviews and adjudication were then performed on select combinations of indicators for case ascertainment. HDFN due to ABO alloimmunization alone was excluded. The HDFN frequency and proportion of each combination were fully analyzed.
Results Among the 464,711 eligible pregnancies, a total of 136 pregnancies were confirmed as HDFN pregnancies. The percentage of the HDFN-specific indicators ranged from 0.02% (infant IVIG treatment) to 34.53% (infant jaundice/phototherapy) among the eligible pregnancies, and 32.35% (infant IVIG treatment) to 100% (maternal positive antibody test) among the 136 confirmed HDFN pregnancies. Four combination groups of four indicators, four combination groups of five indicators, and the unique combination of six indicators showed 100% of HDFN pregnancies, while 80.88% of confirmed HDFN pregnancies had the indicator combination of maternal positive antibody test, maternal/infant HDFN diagnosis, and infant jaundice/phototherapy.
Conclusion We successfully identified HDFN pregnancies by leveraging a combination of medical indicators extracted from structured and unstructured data that may be used in future pharmacoepidemiologic studies. Traditional indicators (positive antibody test results, high titers, and clinical diagnosis codes) alone did not accurately identify HDFN pregnancies, highlighting an unmet need for improved practices in HDFN coding.
Key Points
Over-the-scope clips vs standard endoscopic interventions for first-line treatment of NVUGI bleeding: Meta-analysis of randomized trials
Authors: Mega Paulo Ferreira , Brunaldi Vitor Ottoboni , Bestetti Alexandre Moraes , Kum Angelo So Taa , de Sousa Igor Valdeir , Lera dos Santos Marcos Eduardo , de Moura Eduardo Guimarães Hourneaux 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background and study aims Recently, over-the-scope clips (OTSCs) have been extensively studied for hemostasis of nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding (NVUGIB). Our goal was to compare the efficacy of OTSCs with standard endoscopic interventions (SEIs) as first-line treatments.
Patients and methods A comprehensive search of electronic databases was performed to identify randomized clinical trials (RCTs) comparing OTSCs with SEIs as first-line therapy for NVUGIB. This search was performed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.
Results Of 819 reviewed studies, five RCTs comprising 555 patients (277 OTSCs vs. 278 SEIs) were included. The OTSC group had a lower 30-day rebleeding rate (risk ratio [RR] 0.43; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.24–0.77; I² = 0%; P = 0.004) and a higher clinical success rate (RR 1.19; 95% CI 1.11–1.28; I² = 0%; P < 0.00001). There was no significant difference in technical success (RR 1.06; 95% CI 0.98–1.14; I² = 73%; P = 0.13), 30-day all-cause mortality (RR 0.50; 95% CI 0.22–1.14; I² = 0%; P = 0.10), need for further intervention (RR 1.22; 95% CI 0.43–3.47; I² = 0%; P = 0.71), or length of hospital stay (mean difference 0.31; 95% CI: -1.08- 1.70; I² = 0%; P = 0.66). Risk of bias, which was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2.0 tool, indicated some concerns about bias.
Conclusions OTSCs are more efficient than SEIs as first-line treatment in terms of rebleeding within 30 days and clinical success rates.
Facile Synthesis of New Antiviral Fluoro-Quinazolines Enabled by Merging Domino Reactions
Authors: Tsogoeva Svetlana B. , Kohlbauer Sascha , Xia Honglin , Grau Benedikt W. , Wangen Christina , Hahn Friedrich , Nenajdenko Valentine G. , Marschall Manfred 
Published: November 2024

AbstractQuinazolines, particularly fluoro-quinazolines, represent important structural motifs in bioactive molecules and pharmaceuticals. Despite several known synthetic routes, the efficient synthesis of fluorine-containing quinazolines remains a challenge. Herein, the straightforward and sustainable synthesis of fluorine-substituted quinazolines using domino sequences is reported. The obtained novel fluoro-quinazoline compounds exhibit significant in vitro activity against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), expanding the library of potential antiviral drug compounds. Our finding outlays the synthetic toolkit for fluoro-quinazolines and introduces new agents for HCMV therapy.
B2(OH)4 and Et3N-BH3: A New Combination of Reagents for the Mild and Efficient Photoreduction of Nitro(hetero)arenes
Authors: Błyszczyk Piotr T. , Roure Baptiste 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAnilines are a common motif in many bioactive compounds and their production through the reduction of nitroarenes has become an essential method for their synthesis. We demonstrate that the combination of an amine-borane complex and hypoboric acid (tetrahydroxydiborane) under visible light irradiation can accomplish the reduction of nitroarenes to the corresponding anilines. Preliminary mechanistic studies suggest the generation of boryl radicals via a hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) step from the photoexcited nitroarene. Involvement of a parallel thermal pathway is demonstrated with the high reaction efficiency being partially attributed to both routes.
Progress in Radical Fluorosulfonyl Reagents
Authors: Wang Yi , Li Heyin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSulfur(VI) fluoride exchange (SuFEx) chemistry that relies on the unique reactivity–stability balance of high valent organosulfur has emerged as a promising topic for the next-generation click reaction. Sulfonyl fluorides are the most widely used connective hubs of the SuFEx click reaction with widespread applications in the fields of chemical biology, drug discovery, and materials science. Compared with current methods, direct fluorosulfonylation with fluorosulfonyl radicals has emerged as a concise and efficient approach for the production of sulfonyl fluorides. The highly active SO2F radical was an unstable and inaccessible precursor until it was observed in the decomposition of fluorosulfonyl azide, which inspired efforts towards the production of fluorosulfonyl radical precursors for direct radical fluorosulfonylation processes. This review presents and discusses current breakthroughs in the generation of fluorosulfonyl radicals from various radical precursors, as well as their application in the synthesis of diverse functionalized sulfonyl fluorides.1	Introduction2	FSO2Cl as a Radical Precursor3	Benzimidazolium Fluorosulfonates as Radical Precursors4	Alk-1-ynylsulfonyl Fluorides as Radical Precursors5	(Diarylmethylene)sulfamoyl Fluorides as Radical Precursors6	Vinyl Fluorosulfates as Radical Precursors7	Conclusion and Outlook
Tracking a Homeopathic Complex Formulation in the Watercourses of a Fire-Damaged State Park in Brazil
Authors: de Medeiros Nathalia Salles Scortegagna , Pinto Andréia Adelaide G. , Frana Sérgio , Souza Mônica Filomena , Felício Ana Paula , Suffredini Ivana Barbosa , Cartwright Steven John , Bonamin Leoni Villano 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Introduction In 2020, a 26,849-ha state park in Mato Grosso do Sul state, Brazil, had 30% of its area damaged by fire. A homeopathic complex formulation was applied at strategic point locations in the park's springs or watercourses, aiming to mitigate the fire damage to the flora and fauna as quickly as possible. The duration of the homeopathic signal at each point was assessed using an established solvatochromic dye technique.
Objective To evaluate the timing and the nature of the signal at each of nine point locations. We could thus identify the presence of any signal variations due to specified environmental features within the park.
Methods Water samples were harvested from each intervention point at different times, filtered, frozen, and sent to the laboratory, where they were prepared to 1cH using filtered 30% ethanol. Methylene violet was chosen among six dyes since it was found in preliminary tests that it could trace the homeopathic complex used. In addition to simple sample testing, samples were submitted to a static and unidirectional magnetic field of 2400 Gauss (240 mT) for 15 minutes immediately before reading, which enhanced the method's sensitivity. One-way analysis of variance/Tukey test was used to identify dye absorbance changes following the analysis of water samples from the watercourse system. A correlation matrix and the Spearman r test were employed to evaluate any correlation between tracking and the pre-existing anthropic interventions at harvesting points. In all cases, α = 0.05.
Results Four tracking patterns using the sample magnetization process were observed in relation to water samples and their effect on methylene violet solutions: no response (P2, P4), early transitory response (P5, P6, P8), late response (P1, P9), and constant response (P3, P7). P2 and P4, which could not be tracked, were correlated with permanent local anthropic disturbance.
Conclusions Methylene violet was the best dye to track the homeopathic complex prepared specifically for this case. Tracking was facilitated by prior magnetic treatment of samples, but anthropic disturbances to the environment seem to interfere with it.
Alzheimer's disease: part 2 – the present
Authors: Nitrini Ricardo 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBased on my work as a clinical neurologist with more than 50 years of experience in caring for patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), I focus, in this review article, on the disease's two fundamental aspects for the doctor: diagnosis and treatment. The 1984 diagnostic criteria had been stable for more than a quarter of a century when it was replaced in 2011. Since then, there have been many discoveries, especially of biomarkers that have a heavy impact on the diagnosis of AD. Recently, AD biomarkers have become available in plasma, which certainly will cause a major change in the diagnosis of biological AD, a term that still needs care and information to society before being used in clinical practice. Three monoclonal antibodies against β-amyloid peptide have also been recently approved, and two of these have shown a small but statistically significant effect on clinical outcome. These monoclonal antibodies have had a greater effect on the reduction of amyloid plaques in the brain assessed by positron emission tomography (PET), and on the concentration of biomarkers in the cerebrospinal fluid (β-amyloid peptide with 42 amino acids and hyperphosphorylated tau protein) than in the neuropsychological and functional assessments. Even this small clinical effect will be encouraging for the development of new research, particularly helped by the greater ease of diagnosis and monitoring of the evolution of AD pathophysiology with plasma biomarkers. Recently, new diagnostic criteria for AD were presented by the Alzheimer's Association, causing controversy about their use in clinical practice.
Passive shimming of a 3T cryogen-free animal magnetic resonance imaging superconducting magnet with dense shim tray slots and small residual magnetic force
Authors: Wu Pengfei , Wang Yaohui , Wang Wenchen , Wang Weimin , Liu Jinhao , Zhou Guyue , Chen Haoran , Wang Hui , Chen Shunzhong , Sun Jinshui , Liu Feng 
Published: November 2024

Passive shimming is widely used in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) systems due to its excellent efficacy and cost-effectiveness. However, conventional shim tray structures have difficulty in effectively adjusting magnetic field distributions under specific conditions. This limitation can lead to insufficient cancellation of harmonics and result in significant residual forces on the trays, impeding accurate placement of the trays. In this study, instead of using the conventional design of the shim tray slot, we propose a dedicated passive shimming tray tailored for 3T cryogen-free animal MRI superconducting magnets. Passive shimming experiments were conducted to evaluate the performance of this novel design, in which we were able to improve the peak-to-peak magnetic field homogeneity within the 180 mm diameter imaging region, reducing peak-to-peak (p–p) variation from 349.35 ppm to 19.08 ppm. Furthermore, the p–p homogeneity of the magnetic field measured at the imaging area with a diameter of spherical volume (DSV) of 160 mm reached 8.67 ppm. In addition, we strictly controlled the residual magnetic force of the shim tray to ensure its accurate placement. The experimental results indicate that the proposed structural optimization method and the residual magnetic force control strategy show potential in high-field MRI instruments requiring high homogeneity and handling of high residual magnetic force.
Integration of fixed-frequency and FM-CW (frequency-modulated continuous-wave) reflectometers for coincident turbulence measurements on LTX-β (Lithium Tokamak eXperiment-β)
Authors: Kubota S. , Lantsov R. , Rhodes T. L. , Banerjee S. , Boyle D. P. , Maan A. , Majeski R. 
Published: November 2024

The fixed-frequency and frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FM-CW) reflectometers on LTX-β (Lithium Tokamak eXperiment-β) have been configured to use the same transmission lines and antenna arrays for coincident views of the core and edge plasma. The fixed-frequency channels (13.1–20.5 and 20–40 GHz, tunable between discharges) provide time-resolved measurements of density fluctuations, while the FM-CW channels (13.1–20.2 and 19.5–33.5 GHz) measure the density profile and fluctuations, with high spatial resolution and a sampling rate determined by the frequency sweep interval (5 μs). Data from both reflectometers are synchronously acquired to simultaneously leverage the wide bandwidth and high spatial resolution of the respective systems. Experiments showed that mutual crosstalk interference is momentary and does not diminish the capability of either system. Spectral analysis indicated broad power spectra (several hundreds of kHz) and suggests that the signals from the FM-CW system are consistent with under-sampled fixed-frequency signals. Radial correlations were explored using data from the two reflectometers, as well as from the FM-CW system alone. The core channels showed high levels of agreement between these two comparisons, suggesting that the data from the reflectometers are interchangeable for statistical estimates. For the edge channels, comparisons using data from the FM-CW reflectometer alone showed significant decorrelation due to time lag caused by the finite frequency up-sweep duration. Alternatively, this effect is eliminated when cross-correlating data from the different reflectometers. These results highlight the advantages of operating the fixed-frequency and FM-CW reflectometers in this manner, where the combined system can overcome the limitations of each separate system.
Association of a non-synonymous variant of MLH3 gene involved in meiotic recombination with conception rate of Japanese Black cattle
Authors: Le Thu Nu Anh , Nguyen Trung Ba , Tsuji Takehito , Ibi Takayuki , Sasaki Shinji , Kunieda Tetsuo 
Published: November 2024

Context Conception rate, which is an important parameter to evaluate female fertility, has been gradually decreasing in Japanese Black cattle during the past decades. Meiosis is an essential biological process in gamete formation and meiotic failure could be a cause of infertility or reduced fertility in mammals. Of note, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the MLH3 gene involved in meiotic recombination were reported to affect the genome-wide recombination rate of meiosis in cattle. Aims The present study was conducted to investigate the association of SNPs in the MLH3 gene with conception rate in Japanese Black cattle. Methods On the basis of the reproductive data of 2045 Japanese Black cattle born from 1990 to 2009, we selected two groups of the reproductive females with high conception rate (n = 103) and low conception rate (n = 109). Then, we genotyped the SNPs in MLH3 gene in both reproductive groups by sequencing and polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR–RFLP). The significant association of SNPs with conception rate in Japanese Black cattle was estimated by Fisher’s exact test, by using R commander. Key results We found the presence of five SNPs of MLH3 gene in Japanese Black cattle, including non-synonymous variants of MLH3 N408S that has been reported to be involved in meiotic recombination rate and MLH3 S591G newly identified in the present study. Comparison of genotype distributions and allele frequencies of the MLH3 N408S between high and low conception-rate groups indicated a significant difference between these groups, suggesting that this SNP is associated with conception rate. However, there is no significant difference between MLH3 S591G with conception rate in Japanese Black cattle. Conclusions We found a significant association between a non-synonymous variant of MLH3 N408S and conception rate, suggesting that this SNP can be a potential marker for selecting the Japanese Black cattle for improving fertility. We also identified a novel non-synonymous variant of MLH3 S591G in Japanese Black cattle. Implications These findings will be informative for future marker-assisted selection to improve the fertility of Japanese Black cattle. This is the first report of a genetic variant implicated in meiotic recombination being linked to female fertility in cattle.
Motivations behind TikTok content creation among Gen Z expatriates
Authors: Lan Duong Hoai , Oanh Vo Thi Kim , Cuc Tran Thi Kim 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This study investigates the motivations behind TikTok content creation among Vietnamese Gen Z expatriates by
exploring the interplay of the social comparison theory and the Uses and Gratifications Theory in shaping their engagement with
the platform. Through qualitative interviews, we uncover the dual role of TikTok in their lives: a tool for fostering social
connection and personal expression and a platform for social comparison and validation. These findings illuminate the complex
interplay between digital media use and the experience of digital migration, highlighting how Gen Z expatriates navigate
transnational identities and seek belonging in an increasingly interconnected world. The study contributes to the ongoing
discourse on digitalization and expatriation, emphasizing the multifaceted role of social media in shaping the experiences of
young migrants in the digital age.
An inclusive case study of multimodal metaphor
Authors: Butulussi Eleni 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis article provides a detailed analysis of multimodal metaphor by means of a case study which focuses on the contemporary art project, ‘Laboratory of Dilemmas’ (Venetic Biennale 2017), by George Drivas. The analysis focuses on multimodal metaphors which instantiate the source concept oflabyrinth, utilizing constructs from Conceptual Metaphor Theory, Critical Metaphor Analysis and Multimodal Metaphor Analysis within a more encompassing framework of Contemporary Art Criticism. The present study aims to define properties of multimodal metaphors, i.e. their forms, concepts and usage, reveal conceptualizations of both the creator and the spectators-analysts of a system of multimodal metaphors, and clarify key contexts, such as embodied, cultural, and ideological, which influence their production, comprehension, impact and analysis. According to the analysis proposed, the multimodal metaphors affect the spectators very deeply, engaging their mental, emotional, multisensory and bodily responses to ideological dilemmas that are prompted by the current refugee migration.
A new target color adaptive graying and segmentation method for gear contact spot detection
Authors: Yang Jiang , Wei Hang , Li Lin , Feng Yu , Hu Yaogang , Wang Liming 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Gear contact spot plays a crucial role in evaluating gear mesh quality. Traditionally, tooth surfaces of gear pairs have been manually brushed with red lead powder and visually inspected after a certain operating period. To enhance detection accuracy and efficiency, computer vision has emerged as an appealing approach for gear contact spot detection. However, determining the graying weights and segmentation threshold poses challenges, particularly in non-ideal illumination environments. To address this problem, this paper proposes a new target color adaptive graying and segmentation method for the gear contact spot detection. With the proposed method, the illumination scene is firstly distinguished by the blue color component weight due to its high sensitivity to illumination intensity. Then, an improved adaptively graying algorithm for target color is employed to determine the graying weights for RGB, ensuring the maximum proportion of the desired red color. Finally, either a global threshold method or a local threshold method is selected for image segmentation and contact spot detection according to the illumination intensity. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed method, comprehensive simulation and experimental tests were conducted. The results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves better gear contact spot detection performance than traditional methods. It exhibits higher extraction accuracy under different illumination environments and even in the presence of blurred image sources.