bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metal Ionic Liquids Produce Metal‐Dispersed Carbon‐Nitrogen Networks for Efficient CO2 Electroreduction
Authors: Cheng Xiuyan , Tan Dongxing , Zeng Shaojuan , Zhang Xiangping , Tan Xiuniang , Shi Jinbiao , Zhang Bingxing , Zheng Lirong , Zhang Fanyu , Feng Jiaqi , Liu Lifei , Wan Qiang , Chen Gang , Han Buxing , Zhang Jing , An Pengfei , Zhang Jianling 
Published: May 2019

AbstractTo develop novel strategies for fabricating metal carbon‐based materials with desirable compositions and structures for catalysis is of great importance. Here we propose for the first time the utilization of metal ionic liquid as a precursor for the synthesis of metal carbon‐based materials through a one‐step pyrolysis route. The method produces the metal dispersed cross‐linked carbon framework with a highly mesoporous structure. Such a Ni/C−N catalyst exhibits outstanding electrocatalytic activity for CO2 reduction reaction, i. e., an excellent CO faradaic efficiency of approximately 94 % at an potential of −0.75 V (versus the reversible hydrogen electrode). The method proposed in this work is simple, convenient, low‐cost, adjustable and versatile for the synthesis of different kinds of M/C−N materials because the structures and properties of metal ionic liquids can be easily designed and tuned by changing the anions and cations.
Models Facilitating the Design of a New Metal‐Organic Framework Catalyst for the Selective Decomposition of Formic Acid into Hydrogen and Carbon Dioxide
Authors: O'Hair Richard A. J. , Mravak Antonija , Krstić Marjan , Bonačić‐Koutecký Vlasta 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe front cover artwork for Issue 10/2019 is a collaboration between the O'Hair group (University of Melbourne, Australia) and the Bonačić‐Koutecký group (University of Split, Croatia). The image shows how gas‐phase studies of model systems can be used for the design of MOF based catalysts for the selective decomposition of formic acid into hydrogen and carbon dioxide, a reaction of considerable interest for hydrogen storage applications. See the Full Paper itself at https://doi.org/10.1002/cctc.201900346.
New hypothesis for the etiology of SPAST‐based hereditary spastic paraplegia
Authors: Qiang Liang , Piermarini Emanuela , Baas Peter W. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractMutations of the SPAST gene are the chief cause of hereditary spastic paraplegia. Controversy exists in the medical community as to whether the etiology of the disease is haploinsufficiency or toxic gain‐of‐function properties of the mutant spastin proteins. In recognition of strong reasons that support each possible mechanism, here we present a novel perspective, based in part on new studies with mouse models and in part on the largest study to date on patients with the disease. We posit that haploinsufficiency does not cause the disease but makes the corticospinal tracts vulnerable to a second hit, which is usually the mutant spastin proteins but could also be proteins generated by mutations of other genes that may or may not cause the disease on their own.
Novel functions of the primary cilium in bone disease and cancer
Authors: Shi Wengui , Ma Zhijian , Zhang Gengyuan , Wang Chen , Jiao Zuoyi 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe primary cilium, a sensory organelle that emanates from the cell surface of most mammalian cell types during growth arrest, has attracted the attention of many researchers over the past decade. Recently, a large number of new findings have assigned novel functions and roles to the primary cilium in signal transduction and related diseases, which has greatly augmented the importance of the cilium in human health and development. Here, we review emerging evidence supporting the primary cilium as a sensory organelle in signal transduction in microgravity, electromagnetic field sensing, chemosensation and tumorigenesis. We also present an overview of signal transduction crosstalk associated with the primary cilium in bone disease and cancer, including primary cilium‐related Ca2+ signaling, parathyroid hormone signaling, cAMP signaling, BMP/Smad1/5/8 signaling and Wnt signaling. We anticipate that emerging discoveries about the function of the primary cilium will provide novel insight into the molecular mechanisms of stimulus sensation, signal transduction and pathogenesis.
Implementing a Central IRB Model in a Multicenter Research Network
Authors: Burr Jeri S. , Johnson Ann R. , Vasenina Valeriya , Bisping Stephanie , Coleman R. Whitney , Botkin Jeffrey R. , Dean J. Michael 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTImplementing the National Institutes of Health's (NIH's) new single institutional review board (IRB) policy has caused a paradigm shift in IRB review across the country. IRBs and human research protection programs are looking more closely at their processes for ceding review and developing procedures to handle local review when relying on a single IRB. This article describes an NIH‐funded network that proactively instituted a central IRB (CIRB) in 2012, anticipating the NIH future mandate. Lessons learned are described. There was a steep learning curve for IRBs and participating sites. IRB submission workload burden shifted from study teams to the data coordinating center, which created new workflow challenges, especially preparing hundreds of consent documents centrally. Despite difficulties encountered with CIRB review, this network is now fully functioning under a CIRB model. Further review and experience are needed to determine whether this shift in IRB review has eliminated duplicative review or regulatory burden from study teams.
Genomewide identification and analysis of heat‐shock proteins 70/110 to reveal their potential functions in Chinese soft‐shelled turtle Pelodiscus sinensis
Authors: Liu Tengfei , Han Yawen , Liu Ye , Zhao Huiying 
Published: May 2019

AbstractHeat‐shock proteins 70/110 (Hsp70/110) are vital molecular chaperones and stress proteins whose expression and production are generally induced by extreme temperatures or external stresses. The Hsp70/110 family is largely conserved in diverse animals. Although many reports have studied and elaborated on the characteristics of Hsp70/110 in various species, the systematic identification and analysis of Hsp70/110 are still poor in turtles. In this study, a genomewide search was performed, and 18 candidate PsHSP70/110 family genes were identified in Chinese soft‐shelled turtle, Pelodiscus sinensis. These PsHSP70/110 proteins contained the conserved “heat shock protein 70” domain. Phylogenetic analysis of PsHSP70/110 and their homologs revealed evolutionary conservation of Hsp70/110 across different species. Tissue‐specific expression analysis showed that these PsHSP70/110 genes were differentially expressed in different tissues of P. sinensis. Furthermore, to examine the putative biological functions of PsHSP70/110, the dynamic expression of PsHSP70/110 genes was analyzed in the testis of P. sinensis during seasonal spermatogenesis following germ cell apoptosis. Notably, genes such as PsHSPA1B‐L, PsHSPA2, and PsHSPA8 were significantly upregulated in P. sinensis testes along with a seasonal decrease in apoptosis. Protein interaction prediction revealed that PsHSPA1B‐L, PsHSPA2, and PsHSPA8 may interact with each other and participate in the MAPK signaling pathway. Moreover, immunohistochemical analysis showed that PsHSPA1B‐L, PsHSPA2, and PsHSPA8 protein expression was associated with seasonal temperature variation. The expression profiling and interaction relationships of the PsHSPA1B‐L, PsHSPA2, and PsHSPA8 proteins implied their potential roles in inhibiting the apoptosis of germ cells in P. sinensis. These results provide insights into PsHSP70/110 functions and will serve as a rich resource for further investigation of HSP70/110 family genes in P. sinensis and other turtles.
Performance assessment of a solar tower‐based multigeneration system with thermal energy storage
Authors: Yuksel Yunus E. , Ozturk Murat , Dincer Ibrahim 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIn this study, a thermodynamic analysis of a newly developed solar power tower‐based multigeneration plant is presented. This plant is integrated with thermal energy storage option in order to overcome intermittency of solar radiation. The proposed integrated multigenerational plant consists of the solar tower with thermal energy storage, Rankine cycle, organic Rankine cycle, absorption cooling cycle, hydrogen production and compression unit, hot water production and drying process. The overall energy and exergy efficiencies of integrated plant are determined as 54.15% and 51.28%, respectively. Also, some parametric analyses are carried out to investigate how the system variables affect the performance of the present system.
Developing Triggers for Environmental Effects Monitoring Programs for Trout-Perch in the Lower Athabasca River (Canada)
Authors: Kilgour Bruce W. , Munkittrick Kelly R. , Hamilton Liza , Proulx Catherine L. , Somers Keith M. , Arciszewski Tim , McMaster Mark 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Baseline variations in trout-perch energy use (growth, gonad size) and energy storage (condition, liver size) were characterized between 2009 and 2015 in 8 reaches of the Athabasca River (AB, Canada), including 2 reaches upstream of the city of Fort McMurray (AB, Canada) and 6 reaches downstream of Fort McMurray among existing oil sands operations. Generalized linear models, used to account for background variation, indicated that fork length, gonad size, and liver size decreased, whereas body weight increased, in relation to river discharge, for both male and female trout-perch. Air temperature was positively correlated with liver size and negatively correlated with gonad size and body weight for females, but only positively correlated with gonad weight for males. These linear models explained approximately 20 to 25% of the variation in adjusted body size, and upward of 80% of the variation in adjusted body weight, liver weight, and gonad weight. Residuals from linear models were used to estimate normal ranges of variation for each of the fish population performance measures. Combined, the models and normal ranges can be used to assess subsequent monitoring data, providing potential triggers for follow-up monitoring activities. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:0–0. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:1890–1901. © 2019 SETAC.
Engaging with Women's Knowledge in Bristol Bay Fisheries through Oral History and Participatory Ethnography
Authors: Lavoie Anna , Lee Jean , Sparks Kim , Hoseth Gayla , Wise Sarah 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Research on women's contributions to Alaska's salmon fisheries is limited despite their historical engagement in commercial and subsistence fisheries. We interviewed women engaged in salmon fisheries in Bristol Bay, Alaska and illustrate how oral history and participatory ethnography methods contribute to voices being heard, that have been excluded from fisheries research and management. Four broad themes emerged from the interviews: women's knowledge and leadership; social cohesion; environmental change; and identity and place. Women assume major roles by contributing to the preservation of salmon fishing knowledge and cultural values through cross-generational knowledge transfer. Their participation in fisheries, deep knowledge of local resources, and education of youth of the cultural value of fishing and the environment are critical to community socio-cultural and economic wellbeing. We conclude that women's knowledge may be critical in fisheries management decisions, community resilience, and socio-ecological sustainability in a region facing increased threats from climate change.
Water–rock–CO2 interactions and CO2 storage of Honghe tight oil reservoirs: an experimental and simulation study
Authors: He Yingfu , Ji Bingyu , Yang Shu , Liu Xuan , Zhao Shuxia , Zhou Yuanlong 
Published: May 2019

AbstractCO2 flooding is essential for significantly enhancing oil recoveries and long‐term CO2 storage. We performed CO2 flooding experiments on target tight cores obtained from Honghe oilfield to investigate the water–rock interaction during CO2 flooding. In addition, we investigate the impact of mineralization and CO2 injection patterns on the sweep efficiency and CO2 long‐term storage using numerical simulations. Results show target core samples are composed of calcite, quartz, Na‐feldspar, and K‐feldspar. In particular, the main water–rock interactions during CO2 flooding are calcite and Na‐feldspar dissolution. The impact of water–rock interactions on the reformation of the matrix is not significant. However, such water–rock interactions will decrease the permeability of the natural fracture system near injection wells, which will lead to the enhancement of CO2 flooding efficiency in fractured formations. In addition, results show that water alternating gas injection will enhance oil recovery and CO2 primary storage. After CO2 flooding, mineral‐trapped CO2 is only 0.53wt.% of the total CO2 storage. As the flooding time increases, the mineral‐trapped CO2 increases. Results show that mineral‐trapped CO2 is 31.08% of the total CO2 storage at the simulation time of 500 years. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A miniaturized piezoresistive flow sensor for real‐time monitoring of intravenous infusion
Authors: Hagihghi Reza , Razmjou Amir , Orooji Yasin , Warkiani Majid E. , Asadnia Mohsen 
Published: May 2019

AbstractDrug overdose (DO) is considered one of the current issues of intravenous (IV) infusion particularly resulting in serious injuries and deaths. Malfunction of infusion pumps is reported as the main cause of the drug overdose. Live monitoring and flow rate calculation by health professionals have been practicing to avoid DO. However, human errors and miscalculations are inevitable. A secondary measurement tool is required to avoid the risk of OD when infusion pump malfunctions cannot be detected immediately. Here, inspired by nature, we developed a real‐time monitoring device through which an administrator can review, evaluate, and modify the IV infusion process. Our flow sensor possesses an erected polymer hair cell on a multi‐layered silicon base forming from a patterned gold strained gauge layer on a piezoresistive liquid crystal polymer (LCP) membrane. Gold strain gauges on an LCP membrane have been used instead of a piezoresistive silicon membrane as the sensing element. The combination of gold strain gauges and LCP membrane provides better sensitivity than a piezoresistive silicon membrane of the same dimensions and thickness. We also miniaturized our biocompatible sensor such that it can be possible to install it inside the IV tube in contact with the liquid providing an in‐suite online flow monitoring. The proposed LCP membrane sensor is compared with two commercially available IV sensors to validate its flow sensing ability. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed sensor provides a low threshold detection limit of 5 mL/hr, which betters the performance of other commercial sensors at low flow rates.
Effect of cantilevers' dimensions on phase contrast in multifrequency atomic force microscopy
Authors: Ehsanipour Milad , Damircheli Mehrnoosh , Eslami Babak 
Published: May 2019

AbstractDuring the past years, different theoretical and experimental works are done to enhance the observables (mostly higher eigenmode's phase contrast) in multifrequency atomic force microscopy methods. In this study, the geometry of rectangular cantilevers is studied and an optimum dimension that can provide maximum phase contrast for a given set of samples is found. The analysis is done both numerically and experimentally. A sensitivity analysis is provided to demonstrate which dimension (length, width, thickness, tip‐radius, and cantilever and sample angle) of the cantilever has a higher effect on the results. The effects of geometrical dimensions are categorized into to: (a) effect on dynamics of the cantilever (b) effects on cantilever's specifications (i.e., spring constant and quality factor). Length and width of the cantilever dominates the static behavior of the cantilever. While thickness (for lower values), tip radius, and approach angle mostly affect the dynamic behavior of the cantilever. Theoretically, it is found as the length increases the phase contrast increase. This relationship is opposite for width. It was also observed that the effect of thickness for a specific range on the phase contrast depends on the 1st eigenmode amplitude setpoint. This study shows for having higher contrast, lower tip‐radius is needed. The optimum angle between cantilever and sample to enhance bimodal atomic force microscopy imaging is also found. Based on the commercially available cantilevers, the optimum cantilever dimension is provided. Three different cantilevers with similar dimensions are experimentally tested and theoretical results are verified.
The liver as a nursery for leukocytes
Authors: Mafra Kassiana , Nakagaki Brenda Naemi , Castro Oliveira Hortência Maciel , Rezende Rafael Machado , Antunes Maísa Mota , Menezes Gustavo Batista 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Leukocytes are a large population of cells spread within most tissues in the body. These cells may be either sessile (called as resident cells) or circulating leukocytes, which travel long journeys inside the vessels during their lifespan. Although production and maturation of these leukocytes in adults primarily occur in the bone marrow, it is well known that this process—called hematopoiesis—started in the embryonic life in different sites, including the yolk sac, placenta, and the liver. In this review, we will discuss how the liver acts as a pivotal site for leukocyte maturation during the embryo phase, and also how the most frequent liver-resident immune cell populations—namely Kupffer cells, dendritic cells, and lymphocytes—play a vital role in both tolerance and inflammatory responses to antigens from food, microbiota, and pathogens.
The Structure of Creativity in Primary Education: An Empirical Confirmation of the Amusement Park Theory
Authors: Willemsen Robin H. , Schoevers Eveline M. , Kroesbergen Evelyn H. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIn this study, we explored the structure of pupils’ creativity in primary education following the Amusement Park Theory, by investigating undiscovered linkages between the domains of writing, mathematics, and drawing. More specifically, we examined: (a) whether some domains and general thematic areas are more closely related to each other than to others, (b) whether literacy and mathematical ability are specific underlying traits of creativity in writing and mathematics, respectively, and (c) whether intelligence and divergent thinking are related to creativity in all domains. The sample consisted of 331 Dutch 4th grade pupils. For each research question, a model was analyzed using structural equation modeling. We found creativity in mathematics and creativity in writing to be most similar, followed by creativity in mathematics and creativity in drawing, with creativity in writing and creativity in drawing being least similar. Additionally, we found evidence for several underlying traits (i.e., literacy ability and mathematical ability) and initial requirements of creativity (i.e., intelligence and divergent thinking), none of which were important for creativity in only one domain, and of which only intelligence was important for creativity in all domains. Herewith, our study provides insights regarding the complexity of the structure of creativity in primary education.
Self‐Assembly of Drug–Drug Conjugates as Drug Self‐Delivery System for Tumor‐Specific pH‐Triggered Release
Authors: Li Jiagen , Liu Peng 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAn acid‐labile doxorubicin dimer (D‐DOX) is designed as drug–drug conjugate for tumor intracellular pH‐triggered release, by conjugating doxorubicin (DOX) with adipic acid dihydrazide (ADH). The dimer‐based surfactants modified with polyethylene glycol (PEG), DOX‐ADH‐DOX‐PEG or are synthesized by mono‐PEGylation and bi‐PEGylation, respectively. Then the prodrug nanoparticles are fabricated with different drug contents via dialyzing the mixture solution of D‐DOX and the PEGylated surfactants in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) with different mass ratios against water. It is found that the smaller prodrug nanoparticles (142–163 nm) could be obtained with the mono‐PEGylated surfactant, than those of 157–225 nm with the bi‐PEGylated surfactant. Furthermore, the mono‐PEGylated surfactant results in a higher drug content of 51% due to their lower PEG contents. All prodrug nanoparticles could release DOX completely within 36 h at pH 5.0, with the premature drug leakage of less than 10% at pH 7.4. The 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays demonstrate the proposed drug self‐delivery system possessed an enhanced anticancer efficacy against HepG2 cells than the free DOX.
Fragment Velocity Characteristics of Warheads with a Hollow Core under Asymmetrical Initiation
Authors: An Xuanyi , Dong Yongxiang , Liu Jiayun , Ye Ping 
Published: May 2019

AbstractFragment velocity characteristics of warheads are key issues in the field of explosion technology and protection. However, the fragment velocity characteristics of a warhead with a hollow core under asymmetrical initiation are rarely touched. In this work, the effects of the diameter of the hollow core on the fragment velocities of warheads under asymmetrical initiation were investigated by experimentally verified numerical simulations. The results showed that the fragment velocity‐time curves exhibited a second time acceleration due to the collision of the shock/detonation wave and/or that of the detonation products. For warheads under symmetrical initiation, the second time acceleration becomes stronger, and then becomes slightly weaker with the increase of the diameter of the hollow core, due to the combined effects of bigger hollow core and less explosive charge mass. For warheads under asymmetrical initiation, the second time acceleration becomes more obvious with the increase of the diameter of the hollow core, because the larger shaped charge efficiency enhances the collision of the detonation products. A modified formula was proposed to predict the initial fragment velocity in the aiming direction of a warhead with a hollow core under asymmetrical initiation. Experimentally verified numerical simulations were then used to verify the formula and the results showed that the new formula could predict the velocity very well. This work could offer a good reference for the design of tunable effects warheads and aimable warheads.
Studies Towards the Stereoselective Total Synthesis of 7‐O‐methylnigrosporolide
Authors: Baikadi Karunakar , Talakokkula Anil , Narsaiah A. Venkat 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe first synthetic approach towards the cytotoxic agent, 7‐O‐methylnigrosporolide is described in 13 linear steps with 10.5% overall yield. The synthesis started from commercially available starting materials, D‐mannitol and 5‐hexenol. The key features of the synthetic pathway involved are Hydrolytic Kinetic Resolution, C2‐Wittig, CBS reduction, Horner‐Wadsworth‐Emmons reaction, Shiina macrolacto‐nization and Lindlar reduction.