bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The distinct role of strand-specific miR-514b-3p and miR-514b-5p in colorectal cancer metastasis
Authors: Ren Lin-Lin , Yan Ting-Ting , Shen Chao-Qin , Tang Jia-Yin , Kong Xuan , Wang Ying-Chao , Chen Jinxian , Liu Qiang , He Jie , Zhong Ming , Chen Hao-Yan , Hong Jie , Fang Jing-Yuan 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe abnormal expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) in colorectal cancer (CRC) progression has been widely investigated. It was reported that the same hairpin RNA structure could generate mature products from each strand, termed 5p and 3p, which binds different target mRNAs. Here, we explored the expression, functions, and mechanisms of miR-514b-3p and miR-514b-5p in CRC cells and tissues. We found that miR-514b-3p was significantly down-regulated in CRC samples, and the ratio of miR-514b-3p/miR-514b-5p increased from advanced CRC, early CRC to matched normal colorectal tissues. Follow-up functional experiments illustrated that miR-514b-3p and miR-514b-5p had distinct effects through interacting with different target genes: MiR-514b-3p reduced CRC cell migration, invasion and drug resistance through increasing epithelial marker and decreasing mesenchymal marker expressions, conversely, miR-514b-5p exerted its pro-metastatic properties in CRC by promoting EMT progression. MiR-514b-3p overexpressing CRC cells developed tumors more slowly in mice compared with control cells, however, miR-514b-5p accelerated tumor metastasis. Overall, our data indicated that though miR-514b-3p and miR-514b-5p were transcribed from the same RNA hairpin, each microRNA has distinct effect on CRC metastasis.
Mesenchymal stromal cells-derived matrix Gla protein contribute to the alleviation of experimental colitis
Authors: Feng Yuan , Liao Yan , Huang Weijun , Lai Xingqiang , Luo Jing , Du Cong , Lin Junyi , Zhang Zhongyuan , Qiu Dongbo , Liu Qiuli , Shen Huiyong , Xiang Andy Peng , Zhang Qi 
Published: June 2018

AbstractCrohn’s disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease that is difficult to treat. However, previous preclinical and clinical studies have shown that mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are a promising therapeutic approach, whereas the exact underlying molecular mechanisms of MSCs in treating CD remain unclear. Furthermore, the heterogeneity of MSCs, as well as the in vivo microenvironments may influence the therapeutic efficacy. In our previous study, we found that a subpopulation of mouse MSCs with a high expression of matrix Gla protein (MGP), one of the members of vitamin K-dependent protein family, possessed better immunoregulatory properties. Therefore, in this study we investigate whether the abundant MSCs-derived MGP participate in the therapeutic mechanisms for MSCs treating CD. Obvious suppression of cell proliferation and cytokine production in T cells were observed in vitro through MSCs-derived MGP. Moreover, MGP alleviated the clinical and histopathological severity of colonic inflammation in mouse experimental colitis models to a remarkable degree. Our results indicate that MGP might be a novel important mediator of MSCs-mediated immunomodulation in treating CD.
Ablation of somatostatin cells leads to impaired pancreatic islet function and neonatal death in rodents
Authors: Li Na , Yang Zhao , Li Qing , Yu Zhen , Chen Xu , Li Jia-Cheng , Li Bo , Ning Shang-Lei , Cui Min , Sun Jin-Peng , Yu Xiao 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe somatostatin (SST)-secreting cells were mainly distributed in the pancreatic islets, brain, stomach and intestine in mammals and have many physiological functions. In particular, the SST-secreting δ cell is the third most common cell type in the islets of Langerhans. Recent studies have suggested that dysregulation of paracrine interaction between the pancreatic δ cells and β cells results in impaired glucose homeostasis and contributes to diabetes development. However, direct evidence of the functional importance of SST cells in glucose homeostasis control is still lacking. In the present study, we specifically ablated SST-secreting cells by crossing Sst-cre transgenic mice with R26
DTA
mice (Sst
Cre
R26
DTA
). The Sst
Cre
R26
DTA
mice exhibited neonatal death. The life spans of these mice with severe hypoglycemia were extended by glucose supplementation. Moreover, we observed that SST cells deficiency led to increased insulin content and excessive insulin release, which might contribute to the observed hypoglycemia. Unexpectedly, although SST is critical for the regulation of insulin content, factors other than SST that are produced by pancreatic δ cells via their endogenous corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 2 (CRHR2) activity play the main roles in maintaining normal insulin release, as well as neonatal glucose homeostasis in the resting state. Taken together, our results identified that the SST cells in neonatal mouse played critical role in control of insulin release and normal islet function. Moreover, we provided direct in vivo evidence of the functional importance of the SST cells, which are essential for neonatal survival and the maintenance of glucose homeostasis.
FGF signalling controls the specification of hair placode-derived SOX9 positive progenitors to Merkel cells
Authors: Nguyen Minh Binh , Cohen Idan , Kumar Vinod , Xu Zijian , Bar Carmit , Dauber-Decker Katherine L. , Tsai Pai-Chi , Marangoni Pauline , Klein Ophir D. , Hsu Ya-Chieh , Chen Ting , Mikkola Marja L. , Ezhkova Elena 
Published: June 2018

AbstractMerkel cells are innervated mechanosensory cells responsible for light-touch sensations. In murine dorsal skin, Merkel cells are located in touch domes and found in the epidermis around primary hairs. While it has been shown that Merkel cells are skin epithelial cells, the progenitor cell population that gives rise to these cells is unknown. Here, we show that during embryogenesis, SOX9-positive (+) cells inside hair follicles, which were previously known to give rise to hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs) and cells of the hair follicle lineage, can also give rise to Merkel Cells. Interestingly, while SOX9 is critical for HFSC specification, it is dispensable for Merkel cell formation. Conversely, FGFR2 is required for Merkel cell formation but is dispensable for HFSCs. Together, our studies uncover SOX9(+) cells as precursors of Merkel cells and show the requirement for FGFR2-mediated epithelial signalling in Merkel cell specification.
Structural and functional analysis of mRNA export regulation by the nuclear pore complex
Authors: Lin Daniel H. , Correia Ana R. , Cai Sarah W. , Huber Ferdinand M. , Jette Claudia A. , Hoelz André 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe nuclear pore complex (NPC) controls the passage of macromolecules between the nucleus and cytoplasm, but how the NPC directly participates in macromolecular transport remains poorly understood. In the final step of mRNA export, the DEAD-box helicase DDX19 is activated by the nucleoporins Gle1, Nup214, and Nup42 to remove Nxf1•Nxt1 from mRNAs. Here, we report crystal structures of Gle1•Nup42 from three organisms that reveal an evolutionarily conserved binding mode. Biochemical reconstitution of the DDX19 ATPase cycle establishes that human DDX19 activation does not require IP6, unlike its fungal homologs, and that Gle1 stability affects DDX19 activation. Mutations linked to motor neuron diseases cause decreased Gle1 thermostability, implicating nucleoporin misfolding as a disease determinant. Crystal structures of human Gle1•Nup42•DDX19 reveal the structural rearrangements in DDX19 from an auto-inhibited to an RNA-binding competent state. Together, our results provide the foundation for further mechanistic analyses of mRNA export in humans.
Implementation of multilayer perceptron network with highly uniform passive memristive crossbar circuits
Authors: Bayat F. Merrikh , Prezioso M. , Chakrabarti B. , Nili H. , Kataeva I. , Strukov D. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe progress in the field of neural computation hinges on the use of hardware more efficient than the conventional microprocessors. Recent works have shown that mixed-signal integrated memristive circuits, especially their passive (0T1R) variety, may increase the neuromorphic network performance dramatically, leaving far behind their digital counterparts. The major obstacle, however, is immature memristor technology so that only limited functionality has been reported. Here we demonstrate operation of one-hidden layer perceptron classifier entirely in the mixed-signal integrated hardware, comprised of two passive 20 × 20 metal-oxide memristive crossbar arrays, board-integrated with discrete conventional components. The demonstrated network, whose hardware complexity is almost 10× higher as compared to previously reported functional classifier circuits based on passive memristive crossbars, achieves classification fidelity within 3% of that obtained in simulations, when using ex-situ training. The successful demonstration was facilitated by improvements in fabrication technology of memristors, specifically by lowering variations in their I–V characteristics.
Hydrophobic pore gates regulate ion permeation in polycystic kidney disease 2 and 2L1 channels
Authors: Zheng Wang , Yang Xiaoyong , Hu Ruikun , Cai Ruiqi , Hofmann Laura , Wang Zhifei , Hu Qiaolin , Liu Xiong , Bulkley David , Yu Yong , Tang Jingfeng , Flockerzi Veit , Cao Ying , Cao Erhu , Chen Xing-Zhen 
Published: June 2018

AbstractPKD2 and PKD1 genes are mutated in human autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. PKD2 can form either a homomeric cation channel or a heteromeric complex with the PKD1 receptor, presumed to respond to ligand(s) and/or mechanical stimuli. Here, we identify a two-residue hydrophobic gate in PKD2L1, and a single-residue hydrophobic gate in PKD2. We find that a PKD2 gain-of-function gate mutant effectively rescues PKD2 knockdown-induced phenotypes in embryonic zebrafish. The structure of a PKD2 activating mutant F604P by cryo-electron microscopy reveals a π- to α-helix transition within the pore-lining helix S6 that leads to repositioning of the gate residue and channel activation. Overall the results identify hydrophobic gates and a gating mechanism of PKD2 and PKD2L1.
Publisher Correction: Studying light-harvesting models with superconducting circuits
Authors: Potočnik Anton , Bargerbos Arno , Schröder Florian A. Y. N. , Khan Saeed A. , Collodo Michele C. , Gasparinetti Simone , Salathé Yves , Creatore Celestino , Eichler Christopher , Türeci Hakan E. , Chin Alex W. , Wallraff Andreas 
Published: June 2018

The original HTML version of this Article contained an error in the second mathematical expression in the fourth sentence of the fourth paragraph of the ‘Excitation transfer with uniform white noise’ section of the Results. This has been corrected in the HTML version of the Article.The original PDF version of this Article incorrectly stated that ‘Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to A. Pčn.’, instead of the correct ‘Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to A. Potočnik’. This has been corrected in the PDF version of the Article.
A surface-modified antiperovskite as an electrocatalyst for water oxidation
Authors: Zhu Yanping , Chen Gao , Zhong Yijun , Chen Yubo , Ma Nana , Zhou Wei , Shao Zongping 
Published: June 2018

AbstractAn efficient and cost-effective oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalyst is key for electrochemical energy generation and storage technologies. Here, the rational design and in situ formation of an antiperovskite-based hybrid with a porous conductive Cu1−xNNi3−y (x and y represent defect) core and amorphous FeNiCu (oxy)hydroxide shell is reported as a promising water oxidation electrocatalyst, showing outstanding performance. Benefiting from the unique advantage of core–shell structure, as well as the synergistic effect of Fe, Ni, and Cu and the highly porous hierarchical structure, the hybrid catalyst exhibits highly efficient and robust OER performance in alkaline environments, outperforming the benchmark IrO2 catalyst in several aspects. Our findings demonstrate the application potential of antiperovskite-based materials in the field of electrocatalysis, which may inspire insights into the development of novel materials for energy generation and storage applications.
Coherent exciton-vibrational dynamics and energy transfer in conjugated organics
Authors: Nelson Tammie R. , Ondarse-Alvarez Dianelys , Oldani Nicolas , Rodriguez-Hernandez Beatriz , Alfonso-Hernandez Laura , Galindo Johan F. , Kleiman Valeria D. , Fernandez-Alberti Sebastian , Roitberg Adrian E. , Tretiak Sergei 
Published: June 2018

AbstractCoherence, signifying concurrent electron-vibrational dynamics in complex natural and man-made systems, is currently a subject of intense study. Understanding this phenomenon is important when designing carrier transport in optoelectronic materials. Here, excited state dynamics simulations reveal a ubiquitous pattern in the evolution of photoexcitations for a broad range of molecular systems. Symmetries of the wavefunctions define a specific form of the non-adiabatic coupling that drives quantum transitions between excited states, leading to a collective asymmetric vibrational excitation coupled to the electronic system. This promotes periodic oscillatory evolution of the wavefunctions, preserving specific phase and amplitude relations across the ensemble of trajectories. The simple model proposed here explains the appearance of coherent exciton-vibrational dynamics due to non-adiabatic transitions, which is universal across multiple molecular systems. The observed relationships between electronic wavefunctions and the resulting functionalities allows us to understand, and potentially manipulate, excited state dynamics and energy transfer in molecular materials.
UBXN3B positively regulates STING-mediated antiviral immune responses
Authors: Yang Long , Wang Leilei , Ketkar Harshada , Ma Jinzhu , Yang Guang , Cui Shuang , Geng Tingting , Mordue Dana G. , Fujimoto Toyoshi , Cheng Gong , You Fuping , Lin Rongtuan , Fikrig Erol , Wang Penghua 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe ubiquitin regulatory X domain-containing proteins (UBXNs) are likely involved in diverse biological processes. Their physiological functions, however, remain largely unknown. Here we present physiological evidence that UBXN3B positively regulates stimulator-of-interferon genes (STING) signaling. We employ a tamoxifen-inducible Cre-LoxP approach to generate systemic Ubxn3b knockout in adult mice as the Ubxn3b-null mutation is embryonically lethal. Ubxn3b−/−, like Sting−/− mice, are highly susceptible to lethal herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) and vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) infection, which is correlated with deficient immune responses when compared to Ubxn3b+/+ littermates. HSV-1 and STING agonist-induced immune responses are also reduced in several mouse and human Ubxn3b−/− primary cells. Mechanistic studies demonstrate that UBXN3B interacts with both STING and its E3 ligase TRIM56, and facilitates STING ubiquitination, dimerization, trafficking, and consequent recruitment and phosphorylation of TBK1. These results provide physiological evidence that links the UBXN family with antiviral immune responses.
Soft transparent graphene contact lens electrodes for conformal full-cornea recording of electroretinogram
Authors: Yin Rongkang , Xu Zheng , Mei Ming , Chen Zhaolong , Wang Kai , Liu Yanlin , Tang Tao , Priydarshi Manish Kr. , Meng Xuejuan , Zhao Siyuan , Deng Bing , Peng Hailin , Liu Zhongfan , Duan Xiaojie 
Published: June 2018

AbstractVisual electrophysiology measurements are important for ophthalmic diagnostic testing. Electrodes with combined optical transparency and softness are highly desirable, and sometimes indispensable for many ocular electrophysiology measurements. Here we report the fabrication of soft graphene contact lens electrodes (GRACEs) with broad-spectrum optical transparency, and their application in conformal, full-cornea recording of electroretinography (ERG) from cynomolgus monkeys. The GRACEs give higher signal amplitude than conventional ERG electrodes in recordings of various full-field ERG responses. High-quality topographic mapping of multifocal ERG under simultaneous fundus monitoring is realized. A conformal and tight interface between the GRACEs and cornea is revealed. Neither corneal irritation nor abnormal behavior of the animals is observed after ERG measurements with GRACEs. Furthermore, spatially resolved ERG recordings on rabbits with graphene multi-electrode array reveal a stronger signal at the central cornea than the periphery. These results demonstrate the unique capabilities of the graphene-based electrodes for in vivo visual electrophysiology studies.
The role of water in fault lubrication
Authors: Diao Yijue , Espinosa-Marzal Rosa M. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe friction between two adjacent tectonic plates under shear loading may dictate seismic activities. To advance the understanding of mechanisms underlying fault strength, we investigate the frictional characteristics of calcite in an aqueous environment. By conducting single-asperity friction experiments using an atomic force microscope, here we show three pathways of energy dissipation with increasing contact stresses: viscous shear of a lubricious solution film at low normal stresses; shear-promoted thermally activated slip, similar to dry friction but influenced by the hydrated ions localized at the interface; and pressure-solution facilitated slip at sufficiently high stresses and slow sliding velocities, which leads to a prominent decrease in friction. It is also shown that the composition of the aqueous solution affects the frictional response. We use this nanoscale evidence to scrutinize the role of brines on fault behavior and argue that pressure solution provides a weakening mechanism of the fault strength at the level of single-asperity contacts.
Co-speciation in bedbug Wolbachia parallel the pattern in nematode hosts
Authors: Balvín Ondřej , Roth Steffen , Talbot Benoit , Reinhardt Klaus 
Published: June 2018

AbstractWolbachia bacteria, vertically transmitted intracellular endosymbionts, are associated with two major host taxa in which they show strikingly different symbiotic modes. In some taxa of filarial nematodes, where Wolbachia are strictly obligately beneficial to the host, they show complete within- and among-species prevalence as well as co-phylogeny with their hosts. In arthropods, Wolbachia usually are parasitic; if beneficial effects occurs, they can be facultative or obligate, related to host reproduction. In arthropods, the prevalence of Wolbachia varies within and among taxa, and no co-speciation events are known. However, one arthropod species, the common bedbug Cimex lectularius was recently found to be dependent on the provision of biotin and riboflavin by Wolbachia, representing a unique case of Wolbachia providing nutritional and obligate benefits to an arthropod host, perhaps even in a mutualistic manner. Using the presence of presumably functional biotin gene copies, our study demonstrates that the obligate relationship is maintained at least in 10 out of 15 species of the genera Cimex and Paracimex. The remaining five species harboured Wolbachia as well, demonstrating the first known case of 100% prevalence of Wolbachia among higher arthropod taxa. Moreover, we show the predicted co-cladogenesis between Wolbachia and their bedbug hosts, also as the first described case of Wolbachia co-speciation in arthropods.
Targeted ablation of p38α MAPK suppresses denervation-induced muscle atrophy
Authors: Yuasa Kazuki , Okubo Kazumasa , Yoda Masaki , Otsu Kinya , Ishii Yasuyuki , Nakamura Masaya , Itoh Yoshiki , Horiuchi Keisuke 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe loss of skeletal muscle mass is a major cause of falls and fractures in the elderly, leading to compromised independence and a decrease in the quality of life. However, only a few therapeutic interventions leading to marginal clinical benefits in patients with this condition are currently available. Therefore, the demand to further understand the pathology of muscle atrophy and establish a treatment modality for patients with muscle atrophy is significant. p38α mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38α MAPK) is a ubiquitous signaling molecule that is implicated in various cellular functions, including cell proliferation, differentiation, and senescence. In the present study, we generated a mutant line in which p38α MAPK is specifically abrogated in muscle tissues. Compared with the control mice, these mutant mice are significantly resistant to denervation-induced muscle atrophy, suggesting that p38α MAPK positively regulates muscle atrophy. We also identified CAMK2B as a potential downstream target of p38α MAPK and found that the pharmacological inhibition of CAMK2B activity suppresses denervation-induced muscle atrophy. Altogether, our findings identify p38α MAPK as a novel regulator of muscle atrophy and suggest that the suppression of intracellular signaling mediated by p38α MAPK serves as a potential target for the treatment of muscle atrophy.
Development of a Nanobody-based lateral flow assay to detect active Trypanosoma congolense infections
Authors: Pinto Torres Joar E. , Goossens Julie , Ding Jianzu , Li Zeng , Lu Shaohong , Vertommen Didier , Naniima Peter , Chen Rui , Muyldermans Serge , Sterckx Yann G.-J. , Magez Stefan 
Published: June 2018

AbstractAnimal African trypanosomosis (AAT), a disease affecting livestock, is caused by parasites of the Trypanosoma genus (mainly T. vivax and T. congolense). AAT is widespread in Sub-Saharan Africa, where it continues to impose a heavy socio-economic burden as it renders development of sustainable livestock rearing very strenuous. Active case-finding and the identification of infected animals prior to initiation of drug treatment requires the availability of sensitive and specific diagnostic tests. In this paper, we describe the development of two heterologous sandwich assay formats (ELISA and LFA) for T. congolense detection through the use of Nanobodies (Nbs). The immunisation of an alpaca with a secretome mix from two T. congolense strains resulted in the identification of a Nb pair (Nb44/Nb42) that specifically targets the glycolytic enzyme pyruvate kinase. We demonstrate that the Nb44/Nb42 ELISA and LFA can be employed to detect parasitaemia in plasma samples from experimentally infected mice and cattle and, additionally, that they can serve as ‘test-of-cure’ tools. Altogether, the findings in this paper present the development and evaluation of the first Nb-based antigen detection LFA to identify active T. congolense infections.