bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biomaterial Scaffolds as Pre‐metastatic Niche Mimics Systemically Alter the Primary Tumor and Tumor Microenvironment
Authors: Aguado Brian A. , Hartfield Rachel M. , Bushnell Grace G. , Decker Joseph T. , Azarin Samira M. , Nanavati Dhaval , Schipma Matthew J. , Rao Shreyas S. , Oakes Robert S. , Zhang Yining , Jeruss Jacqueline S. , Shea Lonnie D. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractPrimary tumor (PT) immune cells and pre‐metastatic niche (PMN) sites are critical to metastasis. Recently, synthetic biomaterial scaffolds used as PMN mimics are shown to capture both immune and metastatic tumor cells. Herein, studies are performed to investigate whether the scaffold‐mediated redirection of immune and tumor cells would alter the primary tumor microenvironment (TME). Transcriptomic analysis of PT cells from scaffold‐implanted and mock‐surgery mice identifies differentially regulated pathways relevant to invasion and metastasis progression. Transcriptomic differences are hypothesized to result from scaffold‐mediated modulations of immune cell trafficking and phenotype in the TME. Culturing tumor cells with conditioned media generated from PT immune cells of scaffold‐implanted mice decrease invasion in vitro more than two‐fold relative to mock surgery controls and reduce activity of invasion‐promoting transcription factors. Secretomic characterization of the conditioned media delineates interactions between immune cells in the TME and tumor cells, showing an increase in the pan‐metastasis inhibitor decorin and a concomitant decrease in invasion‐promoting chemokine (C‐C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2) in scaffold‐implanted mice. Flow cytometric and transcriptomic profiling of PT immune cells identify phenotypically distinct tumor‐associated macrophages (TAMs) in scaffold‐implanted mice, which may contribute to an invasion‐suppressive TME. Taken together, this study demonstrates biomaterial scaffolds systemically influence metastatic progression through manipulation of the TME.
Influence of CaCO3/glass fiber hybrid fillers on the mechanical and thermal properties of polytetrafluoroethylene
Authors: Liu Zhitian , Cai Xiong , Ke Xianzhong , You Feng , Zhang Qi , Gao Xiang 
Published: March 2018

AbstractWith the large demand of various types of composite materials, many inorganic fillers have been introduced to polymer matrix to fabricate high‐performance polymer composites. Heavy calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and glass fiber (GF) were selected as two fillers to incorporate into polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) matrix in this work by taking consideration of their low cost and wide sources. Fillers were first modified with paraffin through wet and dry modification technique, and then PTFE/CaCO3 binary composites and PTFE/CaCO3/GF ternary composites were prepared through die pressing and sintering process. Infrared spectroscopic analysis and compatibility test were used to investigate structure changes of the fillers before and after modification. The effect of modification methods on the mechanical properties and thermal properties of composites was investigated. Results revealed that both dry and wet modification methods would improve the elongation at break and tensile strength of PTFE/CaCO3 binary composites, and wet modification method was more efficient in enhancing the mechanical properties than that of other ways. Large differences in mechanical strength appeared between the wet modification and unmodified method for binary composites when CaCO3 content reached 30 wt%. Moreover, the elongation at break for composites with 30 wt% of CaCO3 through wet modification can still exceed 200%. Vicat softening temperature of PTFE/CaCO3 binary composite with 15 wt% of wet‐modified CaCO3 was increased by 138.5% than that of PTFE/CaCO3 binary composite with same content of unmodified CaCO3.
Phase separation of plasticizers in thermally aggregated protein‐based thermoplastics
Authors: Uitto Jussi M. , Verbeek Casparus J. R. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractBlood meal‐based thermoplastic protein (Novatein) was plasticized with up to 40 parts ethylene glycol, glycerol, propylene glycol, or tri(ethylene glycol) per hundred parts blood meal. The effect of plasticizers was investigated by relating the effect of equilibrium moisture content, phase separation, and protein secondary structure to the glass transition temperature and the mechanical properties. Plasticizers can diffuse through the polymer network and either be part of a protein‐rich phase where primary plasticization dominates or a plasticizer‐rich phase where secondary plasticization dominates. Equilibrium moisture content and added theoretical hydrogen bonding sites had the strongest correlation with the results. The point at which the equilibrium moisture content reached an equivalent moisture content (POE) to that of compositions without a plasticizer was found to be a critical point at which plasticization changes from primary to secondary, with a corresponding change in mechanical properties from brittle to ductile.
Children with sickle cell anemia with normal transcranial Doppler ultrasounds and without silent infarcts have a low incidence of new strokes
Authors: Jordan Lori C. , Roberts Williams Dionna O. , Rodeghier Mark J. , Covert Greene Brittany V. , Ponisio Maria R. , Casella James F. , McKinstry Robert C. , Noetzel Michael J. , Kirkham Fenella J. , Meier Emily R. , Fuh Beng , McNaull Melissa , Sarnaik Sharada , Majumdar Suvankar , McCavit Timothy L. , DeBaun Michael R. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractIn a prospective cohort study, we tested the hypothesis that children with sickle cell anemia (SCA) with normal transcranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD) velocities and without silent cerebral infarcts (SCIs) would have a lower incidence rate of new neurological events (strokes, seizures or transient ischemic attacks) compared to children with normal TCD measurements and SCIs, not receiving regular blood transfusions. Nonrandomized participants from the silent cerebral infarct transfusion (SIT) Trial who had screening magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain and normal TCD measurements were included. Follow‐up ended at the time of first neurological event (stroke, seizure or transient ischemic attack), start of regular blood transfusion, or loss to follow‐up, whichever came first. The primary endpoint was a new neurological event. Of 421 participants included, 68 had suspected SCIs. Mean follow‐up was 3.6 years. Incidence rates of new neurological events in nontransfused participants with normal TCD values with SCIs and without SCIs were 1.71 and 0.47 neurological events per 100 patient‐years, respectively, P = .065. The absence of SCI(s) at baseline was associated with a decreased risk of a new neurological event (hazard ratio 0.231, 95% CI 0.062‐0.858; P = .029). Local pediatric neurologists examined 67 of 68 participants with suspected SCIs and identified 2 with overt strokes classified as SCIs by local hematologists; subsequently one had a seizure and the other an ischemic stroke. Children with SCA, without SCIs, and normal TCD measurements have a significantly lower rate of new neurological events when compared to those with SCIs and normal TCD measurements. Pediatric neurology assessment may assist risk stratification.
Solid‐State Photodimerization of Azaanthracene Derivative Based on a [4+4] Cycloaddition
Authors: Wang Ruizhi , Liu Hui , Li Jiaofu , Tian Jiayuan , Li Zhibo , Zhao Yingjie 
Published: March 2018

AbstractA water‐soluble photoactive azaanthracene derivative was synthesized. Its structure was determined by single‐crystal XRD analysis. Then, [4+4] photodimerizations were studied both in solution and in the solid state. Owing to the suitable preorganization of the monomers, solid‐state photodimerization was realized in quantitative yield with high selectivity.
A case of intestinal obstruction due to inflammatory changes in the small intestine from alkaline ingestion
Authors: Maruhashi Takaaki , Hanajima Tasuku , Nakatani Kento , Hattori Jun , Takeuchi Ichiro , Kataoka Yuichi , Asari Yasushi 
Published: March 2018

CaseAlkaline ingestion frequently causes corrosive esophagitis but rarely causes lower digestive tract injury. In this case, a 79‐year‐old man accidentally drank kitchen detergent. After 3 h, lower abdominal pain occurred and gradually worsened. He was taking a proton pump inhibitor after proximal gastrectomy for gastric cancer. He had local tenderness in the left lower abdomen. Abdominal computed tomography showed expansion of the small intestine, thickening of the intestinal wall, and inflammatory changes. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy showed no obvious injury to the esophagus or stomach.OutcomeConservative treatment with an ileus tube was undertaken for intestinal obstruction caused by alkaline ingestion. There were no complications, such as gastrointestinal perforation, and he was discharged on day 17.ConclusionAlkaline ingestion may cause injuries not only to the upper but also to the lower digestive tract in patients who are taking proton pump inhibitors or have had gastrectomy.
Kombinierte nicht‐invasive PIXE/PIGE‐Analysen von aurignacienzeitlichen Objekten aus Mammutelfenbein bedeutender archäologischer Fundstätten
Authors: Reiche Ina , Heckel Claire , Müller Katharina , Jöris Olaf , Matthies Tim , Conard Nicholas J. , Floss Harald , White Randall 
Published: March 2018

AbstractMammutelfenbein hatte in den frühesten Gesellschaften des Homo sapiens in Eurasien (=Aurignacien‐Phase des frühen Jungpaläolithikums, 40 000–30 000 uncal. BP) eine große soziale und wirtschaftliche Bedeutung. Elfenbein war in dieser Zeit ein begehrter Rohstoff bei der Herstellung von Schmuckobjekten sowie der ältesten plastischen figurativen Kunst. Diese Zuschrift diskutiert die Ergebnisse von Mikro‐PIXE/PIGE‐Analysen an Artefakten aus Mammutelfenbein sowie an deren Fragmenten von fünf bedeutenden Aurignacien‐Fundstellen, für die eine Nutzung von Elfenbein belegt ist. Spezifische Muster variabler Fluor‐Gehalte weisen auf regional unterschiedliche Strategien zur Beschaffung von Elfenbein hin und lassen Unterschiede in den Wechselbeziehungen zwischen Mensch und Mammut erkennen. Biogene Spurenelementgehalte (Br, Sr, Zn), die in den Fundstücken konserviert sind, erlauben Rückschlüsse auf die Herkunft des genutzten Elfenbeins.
Synthesis of an Iron(IV) Aqua–Oxido Complex Using Ozone as an Oxidant
Authors: Schaub Stefan , Miska Andreas , Becker Jonathan , Zahn Stefan , Mollenhauer Doreen , Sakshath Sadashivaiah , Schünemann Volker , Schindler Siegfried 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe iron(IV) oxido complex [(tmc)Fe=O(OTf)]OTf with the macrocyclic ligand 1,4,8,11‐tetramethyl‐1,4,8,11‐tetraazacyclo‐tetradecane (tmc) has been synthesized using ozone as an oxidant. By adding water to this compound the complex [(H2O)(tmc)Fe=O)](OTf)2 could be prepared. This complex is important in regard to a better understanding of the reactivity of FeIV oxido complexes. Mössbauer measurements using the solid compound showed an isomer shift of δ=0.19 mm s−1 and a quadrupole splitting ΔEQ=1.38 mm s−1, confirming the high‐valent FeIV state. DFT calculations were performed and led to an assignment of triplet spin multiplicity. Crystallographic characterization of [(H2O)(tmc)Fe=O)](OTf)2 as well as of starting materials [(tmc)Fe(CH3CN)](OTf)2 and [(tmc)Fe(OTf)]OTf together with previous results strongly suggest that [(H2O)(tmc)Fe=O)](OTf)2 was formed similar to the oxido–hydroxido tautomerism analogous to heme systems.
Combined Non‐invasive PIXE/PIGE Analyses of Mammoth Ivory from Aurignacian Archaeological Sites
Authors: Reiche Ina , Heckel Claire , Müller Katharina , Jöris Olaf , Matthies Tim , Conard Nicholas J. , Floss Harald , White Randall 
Published: March 2018

AbstractAmong the earliest Homo sapiens societies in Eurasia, the Aurignacian phase of the Early Upper Paleolithic, approximately 40 000–30 000 years ago, mammoth ivory assumed great social and economic significance, and was used to create hundreds of personal ornaments as well as the earliest known works of three‐dimensional figurative art in the world. This paper reports on the results of micro‐PIXE/PIGE analyses of mammoth‐ivory artifacts and debris from five major sites of Aurignacian ivory use. Patterns of variable fluorine content indicate regionally distinctive strategies of ivory procurement that correspond to apparent differences in human–mammoth interactions. Preserved trace elements (Br, Sr, Zn) indicate that differences at the regional level are applicable to sourcing Paleolithic ivory at the regional scale.
LaSr3NiRuO4H4: A 4d Transition‐Metal Oxide–Hydride Containing Metal Hydride Sheets
Authors: Jin Lun , Lane Michael , Zeng Dihao , Kirschner Franziska K. K. , Lang Franz , Manuel Pascal , Blundell Stephen J. , McGrady John E. , Hayward Michael A. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe synthesis of the first 4d transition metal oxide–hydride, LaSr3NiRuO4H4, is prepared via topochemical anion exchange. Neutron diffraction data show that the hydride ions occupy the equatorial anion sites in the host lattice and as a result the Ru and Ni cations are located in a plane containing only hydride ligands, a unique structural feature with obvious parallels to the CuO2 sheets present in the superconducting cuprates. DFT calculations confirm the presence of S=
Ni+ and S=0, Ru2+ centers, but neutron diffraction and μSR data show no evidence for long‐range magnetic order between the Ni centers down to 1.8 K. The observed weak inter‐cation magnetic coupling can be attributed to poor overlap between Ni 3d
and H 1s in the super‐exchange pathways.
Melt‐electrospun fibers obtained from polypropylene/poly(ethylene‐co‐vinyl alcohol)/polypropylene three‐layer films
Authors: Fujii Takayuki , Mizutani Yuto , Nakane Koji 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACTProduction of polypropylene (PP) nanofibers below 1 μm in average diameter is difficult with conventional melt‐spinning. A nozzle‐free melt‐type electrospinning (M‐ESP) system with a line‐like CO2 laser beam melting device were used to produce PP nanofibers. To achieve the purpose, core [poly(ethylene‐co‐vinyl alcohol) (EVOH)]–clad (PP) nanofibers (average diameter, 0.88 μm) were fabricated from PP/EVOH/PP three‐layer films using the M‐ESP. The core–clad structure was formed by a wrapping phenomenon caused by the difference in the melt flow rates (MFRs) of PP and EVOH melts. Hollow PP nanofibers were obtained from the core–clad nanofibers by extraction of EVOH. Nanofiber diameter and hollow wall thickness could be altered by changing the MFR of the PP melt. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46393.
Crystallization of polyamide 56/polyamide 66 blends: Non‐isothermal crystallization kinetics
Authors: Wang Yu , Kang Hong‐Liang , Wang Rui , Liu Rui‐Gang , Hao Xin‐Min 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACTThe non‐isothermal crystallization behaviors of PA56, PA66, and PA56/PA66 blends were studied by differential scanning calorimetry. The Jeziorny and Mo's methods were used to analyze their non‐isothermal crystallization kinetics. The results indicated that Mo's method was better to describe the experimental data in this work. The crystallization rate of PA56 was much slower than that of PA66. The crystallization rate of PA56/PA66 blend was speeded up significantly with the increasing PA66 content when the PA66 content was less than 30 wt %. Further increase in the PA66 content only leads to relatively less increase of the crystallization rate in the PA56/PA66 blends. Activation energies have been determined with Friedman method. The activation energy of PA56/PA66 blends is decreased and lower than that of PA56. PA66 may play a role of nucleating agent toward PA56 to make it crystallize more easily in PA56/PA66 blends. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46409.
Electrospray‐assisted fabrication of core‐shell arabinoxylan gel particles for insulin and probiotics entrapment
Authors: Paz‐Samaniego Rita , Rascón‐Chu Agustín , Brown‐Bojorquez Francisco , Carvajal‐Millan Elizabeth , Pedroza‐Montero Martin , Silva‐Campa Erika , Sotelo‐Cruz Norberto , López‐Franco Yolanda L. , Lizardi‐Mendoza Jaime 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACTThis work presents the fabrication and characterization of electro‐sprayed core‐shell particles that were composed of maize bran arabinoxylans (MBAX) with insulin in the core, and maize wastewater arabinoxylans (MWAX) with Bifidobacterium in the shell. Two concentrations of MBAX (3% and 6% w/v) and MWAX (6% and 10% w/v) were evaluated. The particles fabricated with MBAX at 6% (w/v) in the core and MWAX at 10% (w/v) in the shell were more stable, presented spherical shape and no aggregation being therefore selected to be loaded with insulin and probiotics. These particles presented a size of 2.9 mm. Scanning electron microscopy analysis of the particle cross section revealed the presence of both, a smooth (shell) and a porous (core) microstructure. Confocal laser scanning microscopy confirmed the core‐shell structure of the particles and the viability of the probiotic entrapped. Gastrointestinal simulation strongly suggests that these particles are not degraded in the stomach and small intestine and that 76% of the carried insulin is released in colon. These results indicate that insulin and Bifidobacterium encapsulation by tetraaxial electro spraying can be a feasible and adequate technique to produce arabinoxylan capsules containing both insulin and probiotics. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46411.
Dependence of rheological behaviors of polymeric composites on the morphological structure of carbonaceous nanoparticles
Authors: Lin Xiang , Zhang Kai , Li Ke , Ren Dongyun 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACTCarbonaceous nanoparticles (CNPs), including carbon black, carbon nanotubes, and graphene nanopiece, were selected as nanoadditives for investigating the rheological behavior dependence of their polymer‐based composites on morphological and interfacial structure. Polypropylene (PP) was adopted as matrix and a series of contents of CNPs were used for sample compounding. With identical concentration, the morphological structure of CNPs was emphasized as the dominant effect affecting the shear viscosity and the compressibility of PP/CNPs melts. The viscosity dependence on the CNPs contents and physical structure, such as particle size, aspect ratio, and specific area, was fully discussed in this work. The newly‐introduced inner voids, induced around the interface region between matrix and CNPs during physical mixing, were contributive to the rheological deviation, which was further reflected from the melt compressibility. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46416.
Using citizen science to bridge taxonomic discovery with education and outreach
Authors: von Konrat Matt , Campbell Thomas , Carter Ben , Greif Matthew , Bryson Mike , Larraín Juan , Trouille Laura , Cohen Steve , Gaus Eve , Qazi Ayesha , Ribbens Eric , Livshultz Tatyana , Walker Taylor J. , Suwa Tomomi , Peterson Taylor , Rodriguez Yarency , Vaughn Caitlin , Yang Christina , Aburahmeh Selma , Carstensen Brian , de Lange Peter , Delavoi Charlie , Strauss Kalman , Drag Justyna , Aguero Blanka , Snyder Chris , Martinec Joann , Smith Arfon 
Published: March 2018

Premise of the StudyBiological collections are uniquely poised to inform the stewardship of life on Earth in a time of cataclysmic biodiversity loss. Efforts to fully leverage collections are impeded by a lack of trained taxonomists and a lack of interest and engagement by the public. We provide a model of a crowd‐sourced data collection project that produces quality taxonomic data sets and empowers citizen scientists through real contributions to science. Entitled MicroPlants, the project is a collaboration between taxonomists, citizen science experts, and teachers and students from universities and K–12.MethodsWe developed an online tool that allows citizen scientists to measure photographs of specimens of a hyper‐diverse group of liverworts from a biodiversity hotspot.ResultsUsing the MicroPlants online tool, citizen scientists are generating high‐quality data, with preliminary analysis indicating non‐expert data can be comparable to expert data.DiscussionMore than 11,000 users from both the website and kiosk versions have contributed to the data set, which is demonstrably aiding taxonomists working toward establishing conservation priorities within this group. MicroPlants provides opportunities for public participation in authentic science research. The project's educational component helps move youth toward engaging in scientific thinking and has been adopted by several universities into curriculum for both biology and non‐biology majors.
Non‐peptide‐based new class of platelet aggregation inhibitors: Design, synthesis, bioevaluation, SAR, and in silico studies
Authors: Jaiswal Pradeep K. , Sharma Vashundhra , Kumar Surendra , Mathur Manas , Swami Ajit K. , Yadav Dharmendra K. , Chaudhary Sandeep 
Published: March 2018

AbstractA series of 2‐oxo‐2‐phenylethylidene linked 2‐oxo‐benzo[1,4]oxazine analogues 17a–x and 18a–o, incorporated with a variety of electron‐withdrawing as well as electron‐donating groups at ring A and ring C, were synthesized under greener conditions in excellent yields (up to 98%). These analogues 17a–x and 18a–o were evaluated for their arachidonic acid (AA)‐induced platelet aggregation inhibitory activities in comparison with the standard reference aspirin (IC50 = 21.34 ± 1.09 µg/mL). Among all the screened compounds, eight analogues, 17i, 17x, 18f, 18g, 18h, 18i, 18l, and 18o, were identified as promising platelet aggregation inhibitors as compared to aspirin. In addition, cytotoxic studies in 3T3 fibroblast cell lines by MTT assay of the promising compounds (17i, 17x, 18f–18i, 18l, and 18o) were also performed and the compounds were found to be non‐toxic in nature. Furthermore, the results on the AA‐induced platelet aggregation inhibitory activities of these compounds (17i, 17x, 18f–18i, 18l, and 18o) were validated via in silico molecular docking simulation studies. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the identification of non‐peptide‐based functionalized 2‐oxo‐benzo[1,4]oxazines as platelet aggregation inhibitors.
Design of Conjugated Molecules Presenting Short‐Wavelength Luminescence by Utilizing Heavier Atoms of the Same Element Group
Authors: Yamaguchi Madoka , Tanaka Kazuo , Chujo Yoshiki 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe introduction of heavy atoms into conjugated molecules often induces a redshift in the emission spectra. Conversely, we report here a blueshifting effect in the absorption and emission bands of a conjugated organic dye by employing a heavier atom from the same element group. Boron complexes having oxygen‐ and sulfur‐bridged structures in the ligand moiety were synthesized, and their optical properties were compared. Significant optical bands in the absorption and luminescence spectra of the sulfur‐bridged complex were observed in a shorter wavelength region than those of the oxygen‐bridged complex. Theoretical calculations suggest that replacement of the bridging atom by a heavier one should reduce molecular planarity because of the larger atom size. As a result, the degree of electronic conjugation decreases, and this is followed by a blueshift in the optical bands. Finally, a blue‐emissive crystal is demonstrated.