bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Redefining Periphery: Offshore Finance, Peripheral States and the World Economy
Authors: Katsikas Dimitris 
Published: November 2018

This article seeks to examine the changing dynamics between the periphery and the core of the world economy. Small, peripheral states have assumed an increasingly important role in recent decades by offering fi nancial services to an increasing and geographically expanding range of corporate entities and wealthy individuals. These Offshore Financial Centres (OFCs) or tax havens, offer a service, which often has negative consequences for non-OFC countries at the core of the global economy. Despite pressure from the latter, these small states at the periphery of the global state system are able to continue their operation unabated. This is possible because in a world of growing technological nterconnectedness and capital mobility these states are able to employ the one resource they possess that has no limits: their legal sovereignty, that is, their right to write and enact law. By effectively commercializing their sovereignty small states are able to offer “juridical relocation”, a valuable service to wealthy individuals and companies around the world, which in turn employ them as a core piece in their intricate global wealth managing networks.
Regions and business cycles’ synchronization: Aspects, trends and perspectives
Authors: Οικονόμου Γιώργος , Ασημακόπουλος Μανώλης 
Published: November 2018

Τhe proposed article aims to capture the potential of the Greek Regions, in terms of their contribution to the national product, and to present the regional business cycles of the country as well. The key research question is the investigation of the existence of synchronization between regional business cycles on the one hand with the national cycle and the corresponding Attica’s cycle on the other, over a certain period of time (1970 to 2010). While the key challenge of regional policy is the regional convergence and the balanced regional development, there is evidence based on the regional gross domestic product trend, which reveal a different aspect. Individual regional cycles present asymmetric economic fl uctuations compared to the national and the Attica’s cycles, implying divergence for considerable periods of time. Evidence of business cycles synchronization appear for all thirteen Regions in the early 1970s and after the years 2005-2006, coinciding with aspects of the economic contraction that began to emerge progressively at that time.
Lost in (Trans)lation: The Misread Body of Herculine Barbin
Authors: Gomolka C. J. 
Published: November 2018

After the twentieth-century’s crise de la langue, it might be considered commonplace to hear the phrase, “the meaning was lost in translation.” However, the twenty-first century has inaugurated a new era in which “linguistic gender bending” among transsexuals has witnessed a recrudescence and the desire to translate the meaning of this identity is at the center of the gender movement. Today, numerous trans-autobiographies attract buyers at Fnac or on Amazon.fr: Né homme, comment je suis devenue femme, Alain transsexuelle and Je serai elle just to name a few examples. Besides their discourses that recount a marginalised social identity, all share a common linguistic denominator: a narrative alternation between genders. However, this modern linguistic heterodoxy may owe more to the past than it seems. Discovered in the 1860’s by Auguste Tardieu and first published under the title Question médico-légale de l’identité, the memoirs of Herculine Barbin might represent the genesis of the practice of trans-subjectivisation through the linguistic manipulation of gender. Herculine’s life, told through h/er memoirs, exemplifies a linguistic attempt to expose a trans-identity relegated to the margins of nineteenth-century French life. This essay will explore the hermeneutic function of narrative gender variation in Mes souvenirs (the memoirs of Herculine Barbin). On the one hand, this essay will attempt to show how, in the French version, Herculine’s trans-discourse produces a narrative subversiveness that transcends social margins and expresses what it means to be between genders. On the other hand, I will expose how the English version of Mes souvenirs, translated by Richard McDougall, pigeon-holes her identity into one of two genders and therefore removes from h/er discourse any possible trans-subversiveness.
Studies on Biological Test of Formulated Diets Supplementation of Vitamin E for the Broodstock of Females Blue Swimming Crab, Portunus pelagicus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Authors: Efrizal Efrizal , Zakaria Indra Junaidi , Rusnam Rusnam , Suryati Suryati , Yolanda Nofa 
Published: November 2018

Background: Currently, great progress in the artificial propagation of commercially important portunid crabs of the genus Portunus has been achieved, and various methods have been adopted in mass-scale hatchery activities. This study analyzed the biological testing of formulated diets with different dose supplementations of vitamin E for the broodstock of female blue swimming crabs, P. pelagicus (Linnaeus, 1758) Methods: Female crab samples were collected from the coastal region of Padang, West Sumatra. The method used in this study was completely randomized design, with four treatment regimens (n=5 crabs each) of dietary vitamin E (0, 300, 600, and 900 IU/kg formulated diets). Results: The results show that the supplementation of vitamin E in the formulated diet had a significant effect (P <0.05) on the absolute weight growth, carapace length and carapace width. Conclusions: Supplementation of vitamin E on in formulated diet causes broodstock blue swimming crab molting, with a percentage value of 40–80% on day 20 and 20% on day 30, with a 100% survival rate.
The impact of older age on patient outcomes following primary total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Murphy B. P. d’S. , Dowsey M. M. , Spelman T. , Choong P. F. M. 
Published: November 2018

Aims As the population ages, there is projected to be an increase in the level of demand for total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in octogenarians. We aimed to explore whether those aged ≥ 80 years achieved similar improvements in physical function to younger patients while also comparing the rates of length of stay (LOS), discharge to rehabilitation, postoperative complications, and mortality following TKA in older and younger patients. Patients and Methods Patients from one institution who underwent primary elective TKA between 1 January 2006 and 31 December 2014 were dichotomized into those ≥ 80 years old (n = 359) and those < 80 years old (n = 2479) for comparison. Multivariable regression was used to compare the physical status component of the 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-12), LOS, discharge to rehabilitation, complications, and mortality between the two groups. Results Both age groups demonstrated a clinically meaningful improvement in their self-reported physical health relative to their baseline with no clinically relevant difference noted between them. Being ≥ 80 years old was associated with a 0.58-day increase in LOS and older patients were more likely to be discharged to rehabilitation (odds ratio (OR) 3.06, p < 0.001). Medical complications and mortality were higher in elderly patients (OR 1.92 for complications, p < 0.001; hazard ratio 3.40 for death, p < 0.001). There was no statistically significant association between age group and experiencing a postoperative surgical or wound-related complication. Conclusion Those aged over 80 years achieved a statistically significant lower median SF-12 physical score than the younger group, after adjusting for the preoperative score, but this difference of 4.46 was not considered to be clinically meaningful. However, clinicians should be aware that the elderly are at a higher risk of experiencing longer hospital stays, postoperative medical complications, and mortality. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2018;100-B:1463–70.
Risk analysis of patients with an osteolytic acetabular defect after total hip arthroplasty using subject-specific finite-element modelling
Authors: Munro J. T. , Millar J. S. , Fernandez J. W. , Walker C. G. , Howie D. W. , Shim V. B. 
Published: November 2018

AimsOsteolysis, secondary to local and systemic physiological effects, is a major challenge in total hip arthroplasty (THA). While osteolytic defects are commonly observed in long-term follow-up, how such lesions alter the distribution of stress is unclear. The aim of this study was to quantitatively describe the biomechanical implication of such lesions by performing subject-specific finite-element (FE) analysis on patients with osteolysis after THA.Patients and MethodsA total of 22 hemipelvis FE models were constructed in order to assess the transfer of load in 11 patients with osteolysis around the acetabular component of a THA during slow walking and a fall onto the side. There were nine men and two women. Their mean age was 69 years (55 to 81) at final follow-up. Changes in peak stress values and loads to fracture in the presence of the osteolytic defects were measured.ResultsThe von Mises stresses were increased in models of those with and those without defects for both loading scenarios. Although some regions showed increases in stress values of up to 100%, there was only a moderate 11.2% increase in von Mises stress in the series as a whole. The site of fracture changed in some models with lowering of the load to fracture by 500 N. The most common site of fracture was the pubic ramus. This was more frequent in models with larger defects.ConclusionWe conclude that cancellous defects cause increases in stress within cortical structures. However, these are likely to lead to a modest decrease in the load to fracture if the defect is large (> 20cm3) or if the patient is small with thin cortical structures and low bone mineral density. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2018;100-B:1455–62.
Cost-utility studies in upper limb orthopaedic surgery
Authors: Rajan P. V. , Qudsi R. A. , Dyer G. S. M. , Losina E. 
Published: November 2018

Aims The aim of this study was to assess the quality and scope of the current cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) literature in the field of hand and upper limb orthopaedic surgery. Materials and Methods We conducted a systematic review of MEDLINE and the CEA Registry to identify CEAs that were conducted on or after 1 January 1997, that studied a procedure pertaining to the field of hand and upper extremity surgery, that were clinical studies, and that reported outcomes in terms of quality-adjusted life-years. We identified a total of 33 studies that met our inclusion criteria. The quality of these studies was assessed using the Quality of Health Economic Analysis (QHES) scale. Results The mean total QHES score was 82 (high-quality). Over time, a greater proportion of these studies have demonstrated poorer QHES quality (scores < 75). Lower-scoring studies demonstrated several deficits, including failures in identifying reference perspectives, incorporating comparators and sensitivity analyses, discounting costs and utilities, and disclosing funding. Conclusion It will be important to monitor the ongoing quality of CEA studies in orthopaedics and ensure standards of reporting and comparability in accordance with Second Panel recommendations. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2018;100-B:1416–23.
Investigation of factors related to the occurrence of osteochondral lesions of the talus by 3D bone morphology of the ankle
Authors: Teramoto A. , Shoji H. , Kura H. , Sakakibara Y. , Kamiya T. , Watanabe K. , Yamashita T. 
Published: November 2018

Aims The aims of this study were to evaluate the morphology of the ankle in patients with an osteochondral lesion of the talus using 3D CT, and to investigate factors that predispose to this condition. Patients and Methods The study involved 19 patients (19 ankles) who underwent surgery for a medial osteochondral lesion (OLT group) and a control group of 19 healthy patients (19 ankles) without ankle pathology. The mean age was significantly lower in the OLT group than in the control group (27.0 vs 38.9 years; p = 0.02). There were 13 men and six women in each group. 3D CT models of the ankle were made based on Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) data. The medial malleolar articular and tibial plafond surface, and the medial and lateral surface area of the trochlea of the talus were defined. The tibial axis-medial malleolus (TMM) angle, the medial malleolar surface area and volume (MMA and MMV) and the anterior opening angle of the talus were measured. Results The mean TMM angle was significantly larger in the OLT group (34.2°, sd 4.4°) than in the control group (29.2°, sd 4.8°; p = 0.002). The mean MMA and MMV were significantly smaller in the OLT group than in the control group (219.8 mm2, sd 42.4) vs (280.5 mm2, sd 38.2), and (2119.9 mm3, sd 562.5) vs (2646.4 mm3, sd 631.4; p < 0.01 and p = 0.01, respectively). The mean anterior opening angle of the talus was significantly larger in the OLT group than in the control group (15.4°, sd 3.9°) vs (10.2°, sd 3.6°; p < 0.001). Conclusion 3D CT measurements showed that, in patients with a medial osteochondral lesion of the talus, the medial malleolus opens distally, the MMA and MMV are small, and the anterior opening angle of the talus is large. This suggests that abnormal morphology of the ankle predisposes to the development of osteochondral lesions of the talus. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2018;100-B:1487–90.
The serum level of C-reactive protein alone cannot be used for the diagnosis of prosthetic joint infections, especially in those caused by organisms of low virulence
Authors: Akgün D. , Müller M. , Perka C. , Winkler T. 
Published: November 2018

Aims The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and characteristics of C-reactive protein (CRP)-negative prosthetic joint infection (PJI) and evaluate the influence of the type of infecting organism on the CRP level. Patients and Methods A retrospective analysis of all PJIs affecting the hip or knee that were diagnosed in our institution between March 2013 and December 2016 was performed. A total of 215 patients were included. Their mean age was 71 years (sd 11) and there were 118 women (55%). The median serum CRP levels were calculated for various species of organism and for patients with acute postoperative, acute haematogenous, and chronic infections. These were compared using the Kruskal–Wallis test, adjusting for multiple comparisons with Dunn’s test. The correlation between the number of positive cultures and serum CRP levels was estimated using Spearman correlation coefficient. Results Preoperative CRP levels were normal (< 10 mg/l) in 77 patients (35.8%) with positive cultures. Low-virulent organisms were isolated in 66 PJIs (85.7%) with normal CRP levels. When grouping organisms by species, patients with an infection caused by Propionibacterium spp., coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS), and Enterococcus faecalis had significantly lower median serum CRP levels (5.4 mg/l, 12.2 mg/l, and 23.7 mg/l, respectively), compared with those with infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus spp. (194 mg/l and 89.3 mg/l, respectively; p < 0.001). Those with a chronic PJI had statistically lower median serum CRP levels (10.6 mg/l) than those with acute postoperative and acute haematogenous infections (83.7 mg/l and 149.4 mg/l, respectively; p < 0.001). There was a significant correlation between the number of positive cultures and serum CRP levels (Spearman correlation coefficient, 0.456; p < 0.001). Conclusion The CRP level alone is not accurate as a screening tool for PJI and may yield high false-negative rates, especially if the causative organism has low virulence. Aspiration of the joint should be used for the diagnosis of PJI in patients with a chronic painful arthroplasty, irrespective of CRP level. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2018;100-B:1482–86.
A systematic review of local antibiotic devices used to improve wound healing following the surgical management of foot infections in diabetics
Authors: Marson B. A. , Deshmukh S. R. , Grindlay D. J. C. , Ollivere B. J. , Scammell B. E. 
Published: November 2018

Aims Local antibiotics are used in the surgical management of foot infection in diabetic patients. This systematic review analyzes the available evidence of the use of local antibiotic delivery systems as an adjunct to surgery. Materials and Methods Databases were searched to identify eligible studies and 13 were identified for inclusion. Results Overall, the quality of the studies was poor. A single trial suggested that wound healing is quicker when a gentamicin-impregnated collagen sponge was implanted at time of surgery, with no difference in length of stay or rate of amputation. Results from studies with high risk of bias indicated no change in wound healing when a gentamicin-impregnated sponge was implanted during transmetatarsal amputation, but a reduction in the incidence of wound breakdown (8% vs 25%, not statistically significant) was identified. A significant cost reduction was identified when using an antimicrobial gel to deliver antibiotics and anti-biofilm agents (quorum-sensing inhibitors) compared with routine dressings and systemic antibiotics. Analyses of case series identified 485 patients who were treated using local antibiotic delivery devices. The rates of wound healing, re-operation, and mortality were comparable to those that have been previously reported for the routine management of these infections. Conclusion There is a lack of good-quality evidence to support the use of local antibiotic delivery devices in the treatment of foot infections in patients with diabetes. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2018;100-B:1409–15.
TRANSFORMACIÓN DEL MODELO EDUCATIVO EN EL APRENDIZAJE Y DESARROLLO COMPETENCIAL. ESTUDIO DE CASO
Authors: Martín R. Déborah , García García Mercedes 
Published: November 2018

INTRODUCCIÓN. El artículo describe el efecto que tiene en el alumnado una experiencia de transformación de un centro hacia un modelo versátil que traslada al aula el uso de metodologías activas y colaborativas. Se realiza en un entorno real, a través del asesoramiento de una consultora externa, durante dos cursos. El objetivo es valorar el desarrollo competencial, la satisfacción y el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes en función de los cambios observados en tres aulas. MÉTODO. Estudio de caso. Se describe el contexto, la información previa y los cambios observados tras la transformación. Se realizan entrevistas grupales, análisis documental de las memorias del centro y la comparación de las calificaciones académicas mediante análisis. RESULTADO. La transformación a lo largo de dos años se manifiesta en tres modelos educativos de distinta versatilidad que muestra diferencia en los resultados del alumnado. En el aula que se transforma hacia una mayor versatilidad y en la que se incorporan técnicas didácticas variadas y activas se percibe una evolución favorable en el desarrollo de la competencia lingüística, matemática, social y cívica, una mejora en el comportamiento y rendimiento, y una mayor satisfacción del alumnado con la organización del aula, el aprendizaje por proyectos, la participación en su aprendizaje y la apertura al entorno. Por el contrario, no se aprecia mejora donde la transformación no se produce. DISCUSIÓN. Los resultados coinciden con investigaciones previas sobre el impacto de las culturas versátiles de los centros y aulas en el aprendizaje y clima escolar. Las mejoras se observan cuando el modelo educativo se desarrolla a lo largo del tiempo, al menos dos cursos, apoyado por el liderazgo pedagógico y en entorno educativo. Muestra nuevas líneas de investigación sobre los efectos que las técnicas ligadas a la versatilidad tienen en el desarrollo competencial del alumnado pero también en la competencia docente y en la calidad de los centros educativos.
EVALUACIÓN DE LA FUNCIÓN TUTORIAL: DISEÑO Y VALIDACIÓN DE UN INSTRUMENTO DE MEDIDA (E.F.A.T.)
Authors: González Benito Ana , Vélaz de Medrano Ureta Consuelo , López Martín Esther , Expósito Casas Eva 
Published: November 2018

INTRODUCCIÓN. Partiendo de la importancia que se concede a la tutoría dentro de la intervención educativa y orientadora, se observa la necesidad de realizar estudios dirigidos a analizar empíricamente las funciones asociadas al ejercicio de la misma. MÉTODO. Es por ello que en el presente trabajo se fundamenta y describe el proceso de construcción y validación de un instrumento dirigido a la Evaluación de las Funciones Asociadas a la Acción Tutorial (EFAT) en Educación Primaria (EP) y Educación Secundaria Obligatoria (ESO). La matriz teórica de referencia, elaborada a partir de una exhaustiva revisión teórica y normativa, constituye la base a partir de la cual se diseñó la versión inicial del instrumento que fue sometida a un proceso de validación por grupo de expertos. El instrumento definitivo fue aplicado a una muestra de 415 tutores de EP y ESO y, posteriormente, se llevó a cabo la validación de constructo a partir de un Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio (AFC) de segundo orden. RESULTADOS. Los resultados muestran importantes rasgos comunes entre los modelos validados para cada una de las poblaciones objeto de estudio (EP y ESO), así como ciertos matices diferenciales. DISCUSIÓN. Existen complejas relaciones que se establecen entre las diferentes funciones y tareas del tutor. La definición de un “modelo de funciones asociadas a la acción tutorial” como el que se propone en este trabajo, así como la construcción y validación de un instrumento para su evaluación, permite establecer una definición competencial ajustada a la realidad actual, a partir de la cual sea posible establecer políticas de mejora de la acción orientadora y tutorial.
Component-Resolved Diagnosis in Allergic Rhinitis and Asthma
Authors: Eiringhaus Kathrin , Renz Harald , Matricardi Paolo , Skevaki Chrysanthi 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Background
Allergic rhinitis and asthma are highly prevalent chronic inflammatory diseases leading to restrictions in the patient's quality of life and high costs for healthcare systems. Both diseases are associated with the presence of specific IgE (sIgE) against aeroallergens. This review aims to examine the importance of molecular allergy diagnostics in the assessment and management of these disorders.

Content
The “U-shaped” approach, proposed by the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, combines conventional allergy diagnostics with the benefits of component-resolved diagnosis (CRD) and offers important additional information regarding the patient's sensitization pattern, especially in complex clinical cases such as polysensitization or idiopathic reactions, thus avoiding overuse of in vitro and in vivo IgE diagnostics. CRD may help the clinician to identify the cause of an allergy and, in the case of complex polysensitization, uncover possible cross-reactivity. Polysensitization, especially to inhalant allergens, is associated with the clinical appearance of asthma and allergic rhinitis; important risk factors for the latter are the major allergens Fel d 1 and Can f 1. Importantly, information on molecular sensitization patterns significantly influences the choice of specific immunotherapy and reduces its overprescription.

Conclusion
At present, allergy diagnostics largely rely on clinical history, physical examination, and in vivo IgE testing. However, in vitro diagnostics including CRD are currently finding their way into the clinical routine and can offer additional information on the patient's sensitization profile and treatment responsiveness.