bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nurses’ attitudes towards safety and their association with nurses’ perceptions of adverse events and quality of care: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Alanazi Faisal Khalaf , Molloy Luke , Lapkin Samuel , Sim Jenny 
Published: November 2024

Aims: To explore nurses’ attitudes towards safety and their association with nurses’ perceptions of adverse events and quality of care in Saudi Arabian hospitals. Design: A cross-sectional study using a web-based survey. Methods: A web-based survey was administered to nurses working in five hospitals in Saudi Arabia. Nurses’ attitudes regarding safety, nurses’ perceptions of the frequency of seven adverse events, and nurses’ views on quality of care were collected. Descriptive and predictive analyses were performed. Results: Nurses’ attitudes regarding safety ( n = 653) were classified as less than positive, with an overall score of 68.96%. The highest subscale mean score was for safety behaviour (73.1%), which was followed by job satisfaction (72.6%); the lowest subscale mean score was for working conditions (61.7%). Positive attitudes towards safety were associated with a lower frequency of pressure injuries, patient falls, healthcare-associated infections and unexpected deaths due to deterioration; positive attitudes towards safety were also associated with higher quality of care. Conclusion: Nurses’ attitudes towards safety contribute to preventing avoidable adverse events and to improving quality of care. This study builds on the growing body of evidence that demonstrates fostering a strong safety culture is essential for improving patient outcomes.
What can we learn from the Jerusalem Community–Academic Partnership case study in an ultra-orthodox neighborhood?
Authors: Donchin Milka , Bar-Zeev Yael , Levine Hagai , Kaufman-Shriqui Vered , Rauch Orly , Barasche-Berdah Deborah , Goldshmidet Etti , Goudman Ayala , Manor Orly , Paltiel Ora 
Published: November 2024

Community–academic partnerships can be useful models for sustainable interventions. The Jerusalem Community–Academic Partnership (J-CAP) was established to address local health needs identified by a population survey. It engaged stakeholders and public health students as part of their training. We describe the establishment and processes of this partnership over a 3-year period. Part 1 of the program entailed mapping and undertaking a quality assessment of health promotion (HP) programs in Jerusalem. Part 2 (Years 2 and 3), described herein, entailed a participatory process wherein a particular neighborhood, with a predominantly Ultra-Orthodox population, was chosen for intervention. A local steering committee was set up, and students assessed assets and needs by direct observation, in-depth interviews, and focus groups, followed by the development of intervention programs using a participatory process. Neighborhood assets and needs identified in the first year served as a basis for the participatory process of developing intervention programs. Assets identified included the local community center and swimming pool. Barriers to a healthy lifestyle included a lack of health literacy, time constraints, socioeconomic factors, and local lifestyle and environmental characteristics. Students focused on public spaces, preschool children, and young women and mothers when designing, together with local leaders, intervention programs related to healthy nutrition and physical activity. The participatory process contributed to strengthening partnerships among several services and agencies investing in the health of Jerusalem residents. The students’ critical service-learning contributed to their understanding of HP in the real world and the local community. The students’ reports, which were submitted to the community center management, could serve to inform future interventions.
Standard dose anthracycline plus all-trans retinoic acid and arsenic trioxide as induction chemotherapy significantly reduces early death and relapse for high-risk acute promyelocytic leukemia: a single-center real-world analysis
Authors: Shen Kai , Huang Jie , Yang Chenlu , Shuai Xiao , Guo Yong , Xie Liping , Li Jianjun , Jia Yongqian , Gong Yuping , Niu Ting , Ma Hongbing 
Published: November 2024

Background: All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and arsenic trioxide (ATO) have revolutionized the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). However, the management of high-risk APL has not been conclusively established. The optimal dosage of anthracycline in the induction has long been debated when ATO is added. Objectives: To explore the management of high-risk APL regarding the optimal dosage of anthracycline in the induction and the predicators of prognosis. Design: This was a retrospective study in the real-world setting. Methods: High-risk APL patients defined as white blood cell (WBC) greater than 10 × 109/L who received ATO-based induction regimens were included. Data on clinical characteristics, treatment regimens, and prognosis including early death (ED) and overall survival (OS) were collected from medical records. Risk factors of ED and OS were analyzed. Results: This research included a total of 130 participants. Fifty (38.5%) patients received ATO+ATRA dual induction plus standard-dose anthracycline (ATO + ATRA + stDNR). Fifty-nine (45.4%) patients received ATO + ATRA with consecutive low-dose anthracycline (ATO + ATRA + ldDNR). Twenty-one (16.2%) patients were treated with ATO and various chemotherapies (ATO + others). Compared with the other two groups, the ATO + ATRA + stDNR group had the lowest ED rate of 4.0% (10.2% and 52.4%, respectively; p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis revealed that age ⩾60 years (odds ratio (OR) = 8.888, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.126–70.129), prothrombin time (PT) ⩾18 s (OR = 4.749, 95% CI: 1.252–18.007) and WBC ⩾100 × 109/L (OR = 10.591, 95% CI: 1.995–56.232) were independent risk factors for ED. The 5-year OS rates of the three induction groups were 96%, 80%, and 31%, respectively. None of the 48 patients who underwent ATO + ATRA + stDNR induction relapsed, whereas 9.4% (5/53) patients in ATO + ATRA + ldDNR group relapsed, and the relapse rate was 30.0% (3/10) in ATO + others group ( p = 0.003). The survival advantage of ATO + ATRA + stDNR was demonstrated by a Cox regression (hazard ratio (HR) = 5.079, 95% CI: 1.071–24.079). WBC ⩾100 × 109/L was correlated with an inferior OS (HR = 3.402, 95% CI: 1.359–8.518). Conclusion: Compared with low-dose anthracycline, standard-dose anthracycline combined with ATO and ATRA dual induction resulted in excellent outcome for high-risk APL patients.
Refining patient care: Evaluating prescription practices of medical residents and interns in a teaching hospital through an audit
Authors: Afrah  , Abdulla Lahal Mohammed , Saleem Nishfa , Baktharatchagan Aishwarya , Vishwanath Usha 
Published: November 2024

Objective: Hospitals in India use the National Accreditation Board for Hospitals and Healthcare Providers guidelines as criteria to ensure safe prescribing practices. This audit was conducted to provide insight into in-patient prescription of drugs to (1) evaluate the quality of prescriptions (2) reduce prescription and medication errors (3) improve the quality of care in terms of prescriptions that the hospital provides to the patient. Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted in an in-patient department of a tertiary care teaching hospital in Chennai where 153 paper-based prescriptions were continuously collected from the internal medicine department over 1 month. The prescriptions were evaluated on 13 parameters that is, patient details (including name, age, sex and Hospital unique ID), height and weight, allergies, capital letters, legibility, date and time of prescription, medicine prescribed by generic name, brand name or both, dosage, route of administration, frequency, relation with food, stop order and signature of the doctor. The data obtained was summarised and analysed using Google Sheets. Results: A total of 153 prescriptions from the in-patient department of a tertiary care teaching hospital were audited. Out of the 153 prescriptions and 13 parameters assessed, patient details (including name, age, sex and Hospital unique ID), legibility, route of administration and frequency were found in all of the prescriptions. On further analysis, we found that only 12.26% of the prescriptions were compliant with the components of the stop order. The majority of the prescriptions (69.28%) contained both generic and trade names. Conclusion: Prescriptions are the most common areas of errors. This study shows the form of errors that can arise while prescribing medications. Doctors must be adequately trained to write prescriptions and follow the standards set by the National Accreditation Board for Hospitals and Healthcare Providers. Audits need to be conducted regularly to ensure and improve the quality of prescriptions.
Temporal Trends of Obesity Among Nebraska Adults: EMR Data Shows a More Rapid Increase Than Projected
Authors: Gibson Elizabeth M. , Geske Jenenne A. , Khandalavala Birgit N. 
Published: November 2024

Introduction/Objectives: Obesity data is typically obtained from national population surveys, while the use of more accurate electronic medical record (EMR) data is underutilized. The objective of this study is to calculate current obesity prevalence and weight trends using EMR data and compare the results to prior survey-based obesity prevalence projections for the state. Methods: This retrospective study analyzed Body Mass Index (BMI) from deidentified EMR data from 16,491 adult patients in urban midwestern primary care clinics between January 2017 and October 2021 for obesity prevalence and weight trajectories, stratified by age and gender. Results: There was a large discrepancy between the survey-based self-reported rates of obesity (35.5%) and those calculated from baseline EMR data (47.6%), along with a smaller discrepancy in females (47.9%) compared to males (47.2%). Young adults aged 20 to 29 years showed a larger increase in BMI over time compared to other age groups Conclusions: EMR-derived data indicates a prevalence of obesity greater than projections that have been based on self-reported survey data as well as higher weight trends than projected for this midwestern state. As evident from our study, cohorts such as at-risk young adults with a more rapid weight gain trajectory should be prioritized for enhanced obesity management.
Engaging family caregivers with structured communication for safe care transitions: A making healthcare safer rapid review
Authors: Wagner Jesse , Aboumatar Hanan , Nunemaker Megan S , Treadwell Jonathan R 
Published: November 2024

Objectives To summarize and assess the effectiveness of patient safety practices (PSPs) for engaging family caregivers with structured communication to improve care transitions safety. This review provides information for clinicians, health system leaders, and policymakers to better inform approaches to improve patient safety during care transitions. Methods We searched PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library for eligible studies published in 2010 through 30 June 2023, and reviewed gray literature searches and reference lists of relevant systematic reviews. We used prespecified inclusion and exclusion criteria to assess relevant studies. Findings We identified 323 unique records and assessed 86 full-text articles for possible inclusion. We included nine studies (two randomized controlled trials, six pre-post studies, and one single-arm study) which assessed PSPs focused on hospital discharge to home, transfers from intensive care units, and transitions from residential care to home. We found that PSPs for engaging family caregivers with structured communication improved caregiver satisfaction (low strength of evidence) in residential care transitions. For other outcomes, we rated the evidence as insufficient to permit conclusions. None of the studies reported rates of unintended harms. Conclusions There is little evidence on the effectiveness of PSPs using structured communication with family-caregivers to improve care transitions safety. One study showed improvement in caregiver satisfaction. More high-quality research is needed to assess the effectiveness of these PSPs and unintended harms.
Nurses’ perspectives on old age and caring for adults aged 80 years and older: a cross-sectional study in long-term care
Authors: Lampersberger Lena Maria , Lohrmann Christa , Großschädl Franziska 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Older care receivers of long-term care at home or in residential care are in sustained and close contact with nurses. Consequently, nurses’ attitudes towards older adults and their care influences the quality of the delivered care. There is a dearth of research on long-term care nurses’ attitudes towards older adults. We aimed to investigate Austrian long-term care (residential care and home care) nurses’ attitudes towards adults 80 + and towards geriatric care, as well as possible influencing factors like personal and professional contact with older adults.

Methods
An online survey using a cross-sectional design was carried out in fall 2023 with a convenience sample of 875 Austrian nurses (qualified nurses, specialised nurses, nurses without diploma). The questionnaire included three scales: (1) The Aging Semantic Differential which measures general attitudes towards older adults, (2) the Perspectives on Caring for Older People Scale, and (3) the Positive/Negative Contact Scales.

Results
Nurses were found to hold neutral to positive attitudes towards adults 80 + and their care. Attitudes towards older adults and their care were positively influenced by positive contact experiences and few negative experiences in their work environment. Nurses in home care had significantly more positive contact with care receivers and held more positive attitudes towards adults 80 + than residential care nurses.

Conclusion
These results suggest that intergenerational contact can positively impact attitudes of nurses towards older care receivers. In order to further facilitate positive attitudes, it is recommended to create positive contact opportunities between nurses and care receivers by, for example, implementing intergenerational educational interventions.
Design and evaluation of vaccines for the control of the etiological agent of East Coast fever
Authors: de la Fuente José , Sobrino Isidro , Villar Margarita 
Published: November 2024

AbstractEast Coast fever is a tick-borne theileriosis caused by Theileria parva, a protozoan parasite with the primary vector being the tick Rhipicephalus appendiculatus. This disease poses significant challenges in sub-Saharan Africa, leading to severe economic losses by causing the death of over one million livestock annually. Current control measures include vector control with acaricides and the “infection and treatment” method, which involves immunization with live sporozoites of the pathogen and treatment with long acting oxytetracycline. Despite their effectiveness, these methods face scalability and usability issues, necessitating the development of new prevention strategies, particularly in the field of vaccines for the effective and sustainable control of East Coast fever. In this primer focus, East Coast fever serves as a case study to highlight recent concepts and advancements in tick and tick-borne disease vaccine research. Vaccine design and evaluation processes are reviewed, encompassing the utilization of omics datasets and knowledge on vectors and pathogens, and exploring new design methods, such as quantum vaccinomics and messenger RNA (mRNA)-based vaccines. Key limitations and areas requiring further research are addressed, including insufficient understanding of host–pathogen molecular interactions, the impact of post-translational modifications, and vaccine efficacy variability across different trials. Additionally, new research objectives are proposed to address East Coast fever but with possible impact on other tick-borne diseases. It includes advancing knowledge on tick–pathogen–host molecular interactions, studying tick microbiota, developing novel design approaches, such as combining tick and pathogen epitopes in chimeric vaccines (exemplified by the q38–p67c case), and exploring new immunological enhancers and delivery platforms.
Graphical Abstract
Rapid intensification of Typhoon Chanthu (2021) induced by topographic effects of Taiwan
Authors: Chi Ya-Shin , Huang Ching-Yuang , Skamarock William C. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractTyphoon Chanthu (2021) underwent a unique rapid intensification (RI) when it moved northward offshore east of Taiwan under a northerly vertical wind shear. The recirculating flow of Chanthu’s outer circulation around south Taiwan led to the observed stronger convection at the offshore side of the typhoon. A multi-resolution simulation of MPAS has successfully captured the RI of Chanthu and indicated no RI in the absence of Taiwan terrain. Sensitivity tests help to explore the role of terrain-induced recirculating flow in the induced RI. Based on the solution of the extended Sawyer–Eliassen (SE) equation, diabatic heating contributes the most to the lower-tropospheric eyewall spinup in the nonlinear simulation. Asymmetric convection is enhanced in downshear left quadrant by the strong convergence between the recirculating flow and the typhoon’s inner vortex, resulting in a stronger contribution to the spinup than in the other three quadrants. Such asymmetric convection configured at the offshore side of the inner typhoon provides the dynamic mechanism of Chanthu’s RI.
Development of an offshore ground motion prediction equation for peak ground acceleration considering path effects based on S-net data
Authors: Nakanishi Ryo , Takemura Shunsuke 
Published: November 2024

AbstractGround motion prediction equations (GMPEs) in offshore regions are important not only for earthquake early warning systems and strong motion prediction but also for evaluating the durability of subsea structures and tsunami risks associated with seafloor slope failures. Since soil conditions and propagation paths differ between onshore and offshore areas, it is desirable to develop a GMPE specific to the seafloor. Previous GMPE models have some problems, such as being influenced by buried observation equipment and path effects. In this study, to predict the distribution of seafloor seismic acceleration, we developed a new GMPE regressed on the peak ground acceleration (PGA) data of S-net using minimum necessary seismic parameters as explanatory variables. Residual analysis using the conventional GMPE emphasized the path effects through the offshore area, which were corrected by the depth up to the plate boundary. The new model successfully predicted PGA with smaller errors compared to conventional onshore and offshore GMPEs. The residuals between the observed and predicted PGAs were used to examine the factors responsible for the effects of the S-net site conditions. The new GMPE can predict PGAs within 300 km of the epicenter from the moment magnitude (Mw 5.4–7.4), focal depth, earthquake type, and source distance. In this model, the distance attenuation coefficient is smaller than in conventional models, and consequently, the PGAs along the trench axis that are amplified due to path effects can be reproduced. This means that PGAs will be unexpectedly larger than those estimated by conventional GMPEs even far from the hypocenter. Our model improves the accuracy of PGA prediction and avoids underestimation in assessing seafloor slope failure and earthquake resistance near the trench.
Graphical abstract
Epigenetic regulation in muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma of the bladder in the dog, a translational model of human cancer
Authors: Tsamouri Maria Malvina , Kent Michael S. , Mudryj Maria , Ghosh Paramita M. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMuscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma (MIUC) is the most common type of bladder malignancy in dogs, but the treatments used in the clinic are relatively ineffective for most of them. Dogs represent a naturally- occurring model for human MIUC and the advances in veterinary oncology could benefit human oncology as well. The field of epigenetics presents unique opportunities for new cancer therapeutics or biomarkers, as epigenetic modification of key genes can regulate tumor initiation and progression. This review summarizes the existing literature on epigenetic changes in canine MIUC as compared to human MIUC and provides suggestions for future studies that could benefit both human and canine patients.
Acquired 11β-hydroxylase Deficiency by Inhaled Etomidate and its Analogues: A Mimic of Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia
Authors: Lau Choi Yee , Cheung Yee Ting Tommy , Han Tsz Mo Andrea , Chung Chun Ming Jeremy , Chong Yeow Kuan , Chen Pak Lam Sammy 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The increase in popularity of electronic cigarettes arouses great health concern. We describe a case of a 35-year-old female with chronic use of electronic cigarettes. She presented with secondary amenorrhea and prominent features of hyperandrogenism, including acne vulgaris, male-pattern alopecia, deepening of voice, and hirsutism. The initial biochemical workup revealed a profile indicating 11β-hydroxylase deficiency. However, genetic analysis did not show any evidence of CYP11B1 mutation. This patient manifested the florid signs of disrupted steroidogenesis brought by chronic use of electronic cigarette oil containing etomidate and propoxate/isopropoxate, which are compounds structurally resembling etomidate. High clinical suspicion and sound understanding of the pharmacology and pathophysiology were instrumental in establishing the diagnosis for our present case.
Aldosterone-producing Multiple Micronodules With Several Different KCNJ5 Pathogenic Variants
Authors: Oiwa Yasushi , Aiga Ko , Kometani Mitsuhiro , Asano Takahiro , Usukura Mikiya , Yoneda Takashi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Primary aldosteronism (PA) is the most common form of secondary hypertension. Recently, the genetic analysis of aldosterone-producing adenoma, a major cause of PA, has revealed several causative genes. Herein, we present a case of a 27-year-old Japanese female with PA. She was referred to our hospital with hypertension and hypokalemia (serum potassium, 2.8 mEq/L [2.8 mmol/L]). PA was diagnosed using several confirmatory tests. Computed tomography showed no apparent tumor in either adrenal gland. Adrenal vein sampling showed aldosterone overproduction in the right adrenal gland. Laparoscopic right adrenalectomy was performed, her blood pressure normalized, and the hypokalemia improved after surgery. Pathological findings revealed multiple aldosterone-producing micronodules with diameters of &lt;5 mm. DNAs were extracted from 4 different micronodules and analyzed for KCNJ5. Two micronodules had a T158A pathogenic variant, 1 had a G151R pathogenic variant, and 1 had no pathogenic variant in the KCNJ5 gene. In summary, in our case, multiple nodules were present in 1 adrenal gland, and genetic heterogeneity was identified. No recurrence on the left side has been observed over 17 years following the surgery.