bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changes in milk yield, fat and protein mass fractions in mares’ milk within 24 hours
Authors: Chirgin E D , Onegov A V , Strelnikov A I , Holodova L V , Novoselova K S 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
During the day protein mass fraction and fat mass fraction in mares’ milk changes in different ways. The variability of fat content in mare’s milk reaches 60% within 24 hours. Several experiments, including the milking of mares continuously during the day, were conducted to explain the nature of this phenomenon. Differences in the variability of fat and protein contents in the mares’ milk during the day and various way of secretion of the milk components from udder’s secretory cells were explained by the authors in this scientific article. The protein is secreted due to merocrine secretion, and fat secretion mainly occurs due to apocrine secretion. Reduction of fat content in the mares’ milk is caused by the significant increase of milk yield in the early morning, when secretion of synthesized fat slows down. When milk yield is reduced, the secretion of stored fat is increased, which also increases the fat content in milk. It was found that in the morning milk yield of mares is higher than at night by 16.39 %. It was also found that during the day protein mass fraction is higher than it is at night by 5.24 %. The fat content in the mares’ milk during the day is higher than it is at night by 12.24 %. The ratio of daily milk yield and fat content was amounted to 0.22, of daily milk yield and protein mass fraction was + 0.44, and of fat mass fraction and protein mass fraction was + 0.47.
Vegetable structure balance in agrochernozems and the quality of seed production in the field crops cultivation with elements of soil protective technologies
Authors: Vlasenko O A , Khalipsky A N , Stupnitsky D N 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The combination of elements of soil-protective technologies in crop rotation, such as minimizing the main tillage for grain crops, plowing up wheat residues after soybean cultivation, desiccation and scattering potato tops, along with the classical cultivation of fallow fields contributes 6.8 t/ha, remaining the same the quality of seed products of soybeans, potatoes and wheat.
Pesticides as endocrine disruptors and neurotoxicants
Authors: Gerunova L K , Bardina E G , Gerunov T V , Sechkina I V 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The role of pesticides in the development of endocrine disorders and neurodegenerative diseases of humans and animals is currently being actively discussed. Epidemic and model studies confirm the link between the use of pesticides in agriculture and the occurrence of adverse changes in the nervous and endocrine systems of people and animals. But the mechanisms underlying pathological changes have not yet been identified. Among the leading links in the pathogenesis of neurotoxicity, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation and epigenetic modification can be distinguished. The cause of endocrine disorders may be low-dose hormone-like effects of pesticides, leading to changes in the synthesis and metabolism of the body’s own hormones. Due to the difficulty of establishing cause-effect relationships, as well as the presence of significant gaps in the study of the pathogenesis of chronic pesticide intoxications, further studies of the biological effects of low doses of pesticides are necessary in order to establish patterns of their influence on the population health of people and animals.
Problems of landscaping urbanized territory
Authors: Sorokina G A , Kuznetsova O A , Ligaeva N A 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The paper is concerned with the features of impact of man-induced air pollution on seasonal changes of wood plants for solution of the problem of planting a major industrial city in Siberia. The results of studies of the impact of air pollution components on plants at the stage of winter dormancy are presented. To estimate the depth of the plants winter dormancy a contemporary method of recording the curves of thermally induced changes in a zero level of fluorescence (TCZLF) of phelloderm has been used. The reduction of the period of the dormancy state for wood plants at the growth of the level of anthropogenic impact has been demonstrated. According to the correlation analysis results, the highest effect has been noted for nitrogen dioxide and benzo(a)pyrene. The identified features of the environmental and physiological state of wood plants in the conditions of a city shall be accounted for in the practice of green construction of a city for creating an optical favourable urban environment and maintaining the health of the population of urbanized areas.
The influence of the methods of primary tillage on the biological activity of ordinary chernozem
Authors: Nechaeva E H , Markovskaya G K , Melnikova N A , Stepanova Yu V , Redin D V 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The article discusses topical issues related to the improvement of the main tillage systems for agricultural crops. The authors draw attention to the general problem of agricultural soil degradation caused by depletion as a result of prolonged non-rational use. The perennial studies conducted by the authors are aimed at preserving soil fertility by reducing the mechanical load on the soil cover. The results of the research make it possible to evaluate the effect of treatments on the activity of the microbial community, one of the main indicators of the orientation of soil-forming processes of chernozem soil types.
The influence of biopolymer modification of mineral fertilizers on main agrochemical parameters of soil
Authors: Bamatov Ibragim M , Rumyantsev Evgeniy V , Kh Zanilov Amiran 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This paper demonstrates the possibility of increasing the productivity of crops, while improving the parameters of soil fertility is significantly limited in modern conditions. This trend is associated with low activity of innovation and innovative activities in the field of mineral nutrition of plants. Nevertheless, the existing work in this area clearly indicates the presence of effective recommendations aren’t only to limit the growth of costs for the fertilizer system but to increase its efficiency, besides, to improve the agro-ecological soil parameters.
Simulation of the deflection of the ice cover
Authors: Mikishanina E A 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The paper proposes a mathematical model describing behavior of ice cover under loading. Not taking into account the chemical characteristics, and considering it a solid continuous medium on an elastic base, the role of which is played by water, to simulate the deflection of the ice cover under loading, it is possible to use the theory of thin shells and plates. Thus, the proposed mathematical model is based on the partial differential equation of the bending of a thin plate on an elastic base. Boundary conditions are set depending on the method of fixing the edges. Delivered the boundary value problem is solved in the class of almost-periodic functions by means of a generalized discrete Fourier transform, which allows us to move from the partial differential equation to the ordinary differential equation. The graph of the function of deflection of the ice plate is constructed.
Justification of design-mode parameters of the chopper soaked soybean grain
Authors: Ju Frolov Vladimir , Klasner Georgy G , Kremyansky Vladislav F 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The most efficient way to prepare the leguminous plants’ seeds for the livestock animal food is making of the protein emulsion. There are a lot of ways of obtaining the protein emulsion. However, process operations provide for the use of large-scale, energy-intensive and expensive machines, which often cannot be afforded by the small enterprises producing more than 50% of animal and poultry products today. This way, it is necessary to develop a universal technology of making the protein emulsion applied in small holdings. The research objective is development of a waste-free technology of making the protein emulsion for the animal food, which is implemented by means of one facility. Proceeding from patent search for technologies and designs to make a protein emulsion we offered a waste-fee technology, which makes it possible to unite a whole number of technological operations (chopping, extraction, division of suspension into fractions) into one operation through using a new facility, the RF Patent No. 2614777. Theoretical and experimental research of processes of the grain chopping and the soya protein extraction into emulsion was described. The main design and standard parameters of the device developed were substantiated theoretically and experimentally.
Microbiological monitoring of causative agents of infectious diseases of salmons in the Northwest region
Authors: Droshnev A E , Bulina K Y , Alontseva D A , Belimenko V V , Zavyalova E A 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In article results of microbiological monitoring of aquatic organisms of different species in the territory of the northwest region of the Russian Federation are provided. During the period from January, 2016 to December, 2018 it was subjected to a research of 13 439 samples of salmons. As a result of bacterial researches it is allocated 235 etiologically significant strains of microorganisms. By microbiological plating gram-negative microflora such as yersiniya, mixobacteria, pseudomonas is most often detected, it has high sensitivity to cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, chloramphenicol and it is resistant to furasolidone, piperacillin, kanamycin, amikacin, aztreonam. In a mariculture at mass death from internals and gill apparatus of fishes allocated microorganisms of Flexibacter branchiophila (Flavobacterium branchiophilum) with the accompanying coccal microflora. For the first time in the country the allocation case in an aquaculture of gram-pozitive bacteria of Renibacterium salmoninarum is described and it’s antibiotic resistanse is studied.
Biotechnology method of salmon protection against vibriosis
Authors: Droshnev A E , Zavyalova E A , Fedotov L A , Alontseva D A , Gulyukin A M 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Our country has all potential for development of an aquaculture as one of sectors of agriculture, due to a huge number of fresh water areas and the extended line of the seas. Vibriosis is a bacterial salmon disease, it is one of the reasons of the volumes of the fish which is grown up in a mariculture constraining increase. Modern trends on refusal of use in agriculture of antibiotic drugs, to creation of eco-friendly productions and decrease in economic expenses in fish breeding set a world task of use of biotechnology methods of protection of fishes against infectious diseases, in particular from vibriosis. In the present article results of designing of vaccine from domestic strains of vibrioes are provided. It is shown that immunization of fish antigens of the tested strains of vibrioes (Listonella anguillarum) in an inoculative dose 7x108 m.c. with adjuvant ensures safety of a livestock to 97%, does not cause allergic reactions, the host defense remains not less than 12 months.
Enzymatic treatment of Rubus saxatilis L. wild growing berries: technological parameters optimization
Authors: Smol’nikova Ya V , Rygalova E A , Belyakov A A , Tarnopol’skaya V V 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The influence of pectolytic (Vinoferm zymex) and cellulolytic (Bryuzaim BGX) enzymes treatment on Rubus saxatilis L. berries’ processing became subject of this study, aimed at forming a complex of technological operations providing for increase in efficiency of Siberian plant raw material processing thus leading to obtaining planned amounts of final product with increased nutritional value from reduced amounts of food stock. Mathematical modeling of the dependence of the juice yield on the duration of the treatment process and the concentration of enzyme preparations was carried out. Application of enzyme preparations of pectolytic and cellulolytic action for increase of level of technological perfection of reception of berry juice is proved.
Influence of habitat factors on economic traits of cows of different lines
Authors: Kovalevskiy V V , Yastrebova E A 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Influence of maintenance conditions of cows of different genealogical lines on milk productivity and physiological parameters of animals is studied. Different maintenance conditions of cows in the hulls affected the level of milk yield of animals of all lines: with yard housing there is a difference in the index of milk yield for 305 days of lactation from 59.4 to 252.3 kg compared to the indexes for tie-up housing. Minimum difference in the index was observed in first-calf cows of the Reflection Sovering line (59.4 kg), which indicates the better adaptability of animals of this line to less favorable housing conditions. The relationship between high-altitude measurements and measurements determining the milk type of animals (between the height at the withers and the chest width - a positive average interrelation (0.3), and between the height at the withers and the chest girth - a positive weak (0.11)) was revealed during the study. Also, a weak positive relationship between some measurements of cows and their milk productivity (between milk yield of cows and chest depth (0.11), chest width (0.13), chest girth (0.15) was found. Comparison of the physiological parameters of cows of different genealogical lines in different housing conditions showed that significant differences were found only in terms of “respiration rate” and “pulse frequency”: when the tie-up housing, the aforecited indicators for cows of the Reflection Sovering line are significantly higher than those for herdmates. This suggests more intensive physiological processes that ensure better development and a higher level of milk productivity. Tendency to increase the number of erythrocytes and hemoglobin level in the blood of cows of the Reflection Sovering line, found during the study of influence of housing conditions of cows on the morphological and biochemical composition of blood, is preserved both in tie-up and yard housing.
Fabrication and characterization of Intermediate-Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (IT-SOFC) single cell using Indonesia’s resources
Authors: Widiatmoko P , Devianto H , Nurdin I , Yusupandi F , Kevino  , Ovani E N 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) is one of the promising developments in the fuel cell system. SOFC can be applied to micro-scale combined heat and power generation (micro CHP) as a power plant in housing. Recently, intermediate-temperature SOFC (500-700°C) is being widely developed since cheaper than the conventional SOFC (∼1000°C). Intermediate-temperature and conventional SOFC are less developed in Indonesia due to expensive electrode and electrolyte materials, such as Yttria and Lanthanum, which are not available in Indonesia. This study aims to develop a novel disk-shaped single cell SOFC based on materials from Indonesia’s resources. Calcia Cobalt Zinc Oxide (CCZO) is an alternative cathode to replace conventional cathode such as Lanthanum Strontium Manganite (LSM). CCZO cathode was made using spray coating. Calcia can also substitute Ytrria as a stabilizer of zirconia in electrolyte fabrication. Calcia-stabilized Zirconia (CSZ) electrolyte was produced using spray coating. NiO anode was fabricated through hydraulic pressing. The single cell was operated using hydrogen (125 sccm) as a fuel and ambient air (500 sccm) as an oxidant. The results showed an open-circuit voltage (OCV) of 0.577, 0.558, and 0.513 V and produced the maximum power densities of 1.4, 2.8, and 10 mW m−2 at 500, 600, and 700°C, respectively. Measurement of the cell impedance indicated that the overall resistance decreased with increasing temperature.
Rail information system prototype with web-based magnetic detection method
Authors: Sunardi A , Su’ud F I , Widiyantoro  
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Trains are the most popular means of transportation by some people because it is cheap, fast, safe and comfortable. Because of carrying a sense of security, the construction of supporting infrastructure must be made safe, ranging from signs to the implementation of the door guard system in the railway crossing. Still often found in some railway crossing areas there is no guard door crossing system, so there are many accidents that resulted in the absence of a railway door guard system. The prototype was built to develop a railway control system by applying microcontroller technology, minicomputer and Hall effect sensor. The system will automatically detect the train that will pass by sending railway traffic safety information via the internet near the railway crossing. So that road users can find out early if there is a train that will pass by seeing the information monitor.
Optimization design of irrigation water management to reduce field failure risk
Authors: Hidayat A K , Norken I N , Yekti M I , Irawan P , Kosnayani A S 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The existing condition of the irrigation area after construction or the irrigation area in operation needs to be evaluated because in the planning of water availability and irrigation water needs many parameters-parameters which is the result of the analysis approach or indeed the data - the data that then changed. The changing conditions of the data will cause many impacts. The risk of field failure is one of impact if water availability is less than the initial estimate. This paper reports the analysis of the availability of water and irrigation water requirements is dynamic, in this study the availability of water is analyzed with 80% reliability. Irrigation water demand is based on regulation of planting schedule and reduction of field area with the intention of reducing the risk of greater field failure. The results obtained are alternative field area of optimum irrigation, regulation of planting schedule and operation of floodgates in the taking or building structure for the review. Field area and Regulation of planting schedule are analyzed by simulation. The mathematical model that will be produced is the optimum model of irrigation water management and mathematical model of field failure risk. This study can be an evaluation model especially for irrigated areas in dry field areas.
Visualization of a two-dimensional tree modeling using fractal based on L-system
Authors: Hidayat E W , Putra I K G D , Giriantari I A D , Sudarma M 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to present a visualization of two-dimensional trees using fractals and L-Systems. Grammar in L-System consisting of letters, axioms, and production rules can be used to construct trees in various forms according to the production rules used. With the formation of grammar from the tree pattern in a fractional manner, the grammar can be reused to construct other tree patterns at a higher level. The iterations made on certain production rules visually affect the tree model. Experiments were carried out on the L-System generator to see the results of tree visualization by testing various grammars. Testing was done by trial and error in production rules to get a realistic visualization of a two-dimensional tree model. From the experimental results produced a variety of grammar, where modifications to the production rules produced different tree models. Visually, from the iteration results, the higher the iteration value, the two-dimensional tree was not formed properly. When the iteration value or n > 5 the two-dimensional tree model results from an iteration it lost detail from the branch.
Reduction behavior of medium grade manganese ore from Karangnunggal during a sintering process in methane gas
Authors: Aripin H , Priatna E , Busaeri N , Hiron N , Sabchevski S 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In this investigation, manganese has been produced from medium grade manganese ore from Karangnunggal mine (West Java, Indonesia). The effects of keeping it at a temperature of 1200°C in methane gas on the structural properties have been studied. The material’s properties have been characterized on the basis of the experimental data obtained using X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. It has been found that MnO2 is reduced to hausmannite (Mn3O4), manganosite (MnO) and manganese carbide (Mn7C3). An increase of the keeping time up to 45 minutes during the sintering process leads to an increase of the MnO concentration, while at 90 minutes, the concentration decreases. The analysis based on the interpretation of both XRD patterns and FTIR spectrum allows one to explain the blockage in the particle surface of the ore by an increase of the carbon deposition.
Influence of ZrO2 modifier and Mo precursor on the state of active component in MoO3/Al2O3 catalysts
Authors: Rumyantsev P A , Smirnov M Yu , Vodyankina O V 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The effects of precursor and the method of support modification on the properties of supported metathesis catalysts for reaction of ethylene and trans-butene-2 into propylene are considered. The objects of the research are the catalyst comprising γ-Al2O3-supported molybdenum oxide as well as the modified alumina-based supports. The Mo precursors used is shown to significantly affect the state of the supported component. The distribution and morphology of the particles of active component inside the pores of the support differ for the ZrO2-modified samples prepared by impregnation and wet mixing methods.
Ag-Pd nanoparticles prepared by laser ablation for selective oxidation of propylene glycol to lactic acid
Authors: Ten S , Gavrilenko E A , Svetlichnyi V A , Vodyankina O V 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Silver/palladium composite nanoparticles (NPs) obtained by pulsed laser ablation in liquid (PLAL) technique catalyze oxidation of propylene glycol (PG) to lactic acid (LA) in alkaline media. The PLAL technique allows obtaining silver/palladium NPs with different silver/palladium molar ratio. Addition of palladium increases PG conversion (up to 52%) and LA selectivity (up to 88%). The reaction temperature and silver/palladium molar ratio strongly affects the catalytic activity of the silver/palladium composite NPs.