bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Do age, work experience and gender affect individuals’ propensity to trust others? An exploratory study in the United Arab Emirates
Authors: Zeffane Rachid 
Published: February 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of age, work experience and gender on individuals’ propensity (inclination or readiness) to trust others.Design/methodology/approachThe authors gathered literature arguments and developed a basic theoretical model explored through an empirical study. The study uses a sample of 324 retail business owners/operators in the United Arab Emirates. The authors developed and tested three main hypotheses.FindingsAge has a significant positive impact on the propensity to trust. Work experience has a similar effect, but to a lesser degree. Females are generally less predisposed to trust. However, the impact of age on trust was significant for both males and females.Research limitations/implicationsThis study focuses on a small sample of individuals in a single country. A larger multi-context study would be beneficial in verifying the above findings. Also, the concept of trust used in this study is general and focuses mainly on general likelihood/aspirations to trust others. Future research could examine the relationship of age to different aspects of trust and in different circumstances.Practical implicationsThe findings of this study have several practical benefits. They draw the attention of human resource management practitioners and policy makers to the importance of age, work experience and gender in shaping trust relationships in both societal and business contexts.Originality/valueThe impact of age (and aging) work and society in general is a growing concern. Despite the number of studies examining trust and the process of trust formation, the relationships between age, gender and trust have been largely overlooked in previous research. This study attempts to address this gap and provides useful evidence likely to inspire further/future research on this issue.
The persisting link between physical recreation spending and education – the case of Finland
Authors: Keipi Teo , Räsänen Pekka , Kajava Olli , Saarinen Arttu 
Published: February 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the development of household spending on physical recreation and the structural distribution of spending over the years 1985-2012 in Finland linked to various contextual factors including education level, income and area of residence.

Design/methodology/approach
The study uses Statistics Finland’s consumption research data in a quantitative analysis toward adding a new dimension to research on Finns’ physical recreation spending.

Findings
Findings show that the amount of money spent on physical recreation equipment and services has grown steadily. Finns’ spending on physical recreation continues to be relatively conservative relative to income, though there are notable differences between population groups. The link between education level and physical recreation remains strong. The largest difference between education levels is between those having completed basic level education and those with higher education degrees. Household type also explains a great deal of the difference in amount spent on physical recreation. According to the results, physical recreation spending is central to the leisure activities of highly educated family units.

Originality/value
Research on the stratification of consumption habits in Finnish society has not yet addressed physical recreation spending. Furthermore, research on income spent on such activity by various population groups at different times has not been carried out. This paper provides research on both of these themes.
Effect of lubricant ageing on lubricants’ physical and chemical properties and tribological performance; Part I: effect of lubricant chemistry
Authors: Cen Hui , Morina Ardian , Neville Anne 
Published: February 2018

Purpose
Ageing has been known to affect the performance of lubricants. However, there is a lot of debate as to whether ageing is beneficial or detrimental to the wear performance of lubricants.

Design/methodology/approach
The purpose of this research is to evaluate the effect of ageing on the viscosity, total acid number and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy information of a series of lubricants. The tribological performance (friction and wear) of the aged lubricants is also studied, followed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis on the selected post-test samples to study the tribochemical features of the tribofilm.

Findings
The results show that ageing has a different impact on lubricants and tribological performances based on the physical and chemical properties.

Originality/value
These findings will be compared with the research on the role of water in lubricant ageing (Part II of this study).
Improving ester hydrolytic stability using triblock polyalkylene glycols
Authors: Greaves Martin Robert , Zaugg Hoozemans Evelyn 
Published: February 2018

PurposeThis paper aims to examine the role of different polyalkylene glycol architectures in improving the hydrolytic stability of natural and synthetic esters.Design/methodology/approachHydrolytic stability measurements were conducted using a modified ASTM D2619 test method in which several polyalkylene glycol chemistries were examined at concentrations of up to 10 per cent in a selection of esters.FindingsThe inclusion of triblock copolymers derived from ethylene oxide (EO) and 1,2-propylene oxide (PO) and with an EO content of about 30 per cent produced significant improvements in the hydrolytic stability of natural and synthetic esters. Stability improved with increased concentration of the triblock.Research limitations/implicationsThe study did not evaluate the vast array of polyalkylene glycol structures that can be derived from other higher alkylene oxides.Practical implicationsImproving the hydrolytic stability of esters can offer the possibility of creating longer life environmentally acceptable lubricants (EALs).Social implicationsThis discovery should allow longer life EALs to be designed thereby using less raw materials over a determined period. It may also allow more replacement of conventional hydrocarbon lubricants.Originality/valueTriblock copolymers are rarely used in lubricants. Their use as components of ester-based EALs is new.
Rheological behavior of lithium grease with CNTs/GNPs hybrid nanocomposite as an additive
Authors: Ashour Mohamed , Mohamed Alaa , Elshalakany Abou Bakr , Osman Tarek , Khatab Aly 
Published: February 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the rheological characteristics of graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) and hybridized nanocomposite consisting of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and GNPs as an additive on lithium-based grease. The experiments of nanogrease are examined in different values of shear stress, apparent viscosity, temperature and shear rate using Brookfield Programmable Rheometer DV-III ULTRA and characterized by high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).

Design/methodology/approach
First, GNPs was mixed well with lithium grease using mechanical stirring at 3,500 rpm for 15 min at room temperature to form a homogenous composite at different concentrations (0.5, 1, 1.5, 2 and 2.5 Wt.%). Afterwards, MWCNTs and GNPs are mixed and dispersed well in the lithium grease using a sonication path for 30 min and mechanical stirring at 3,500 rpm for 15 min at 28°C to form a homogenous nanocomposite.

Findings
The results indicated that 1 Wt.% of GNPs is the optimum concentration. Subsequently, the weight percentage of additives varying between MWCNTs and GNPs are tested, and the result indicate that the grease containing GNPs had a 75 per cent increase in shear stress and 93.7 per cent increase in apparent viscosity over ordinary grease.

Originality/value
This work describes the inexpensive and simple fabrication of nanogrease for improving properties of lubricants, which improve power efficiency and extend lifetimes of mechanical equipment.
Dynamics influences of Tobin’s Q and CEO compensation on US stocks
Authors: Rahman Matiur , Mustafa Muhammad 
Published: February 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to empirically explore the influences of Tobin’s Q and CEO compensation of 249 US companies on their stock returns.

Design/methodology/approach
Heterogeneous panel data for these companies over 2004-2012 are used invoking panel cointegration techniques.

Findings
Panel unit root tests and Pedroni cointegration tests confirm nonstationarity of each variable and cointegration among the above three variables. The panel vector error-correction model (VECM) estimates reveal long-run convergence with tepid adjustment. The short-run net interactive feedback effects are positive. The panel generalized method of moments estimates lend further support to the panel VECM inferences.

Originality/value
The topic is unique and the existing literature on this topic is scant. Relatively new econometric techniques have been applied for estimation using panel data. The results are quite insightful, in the authors’ view.
Risk and capital in Indonesian large banks
Authors: Raz Arisyi Fariza 
Published: February 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the behavior of banking risk in the emerging economies, particularly Indonesia and contribute to the discussion on the existing policy debate regarding the impact of capital on bank risk.

Design/methodology/approach
This study investigates the relationship between bank risk and capital using data on 15 Indonesian large banks between 2008 and 2015, using z-score and Delta-CoVaR to measure both idiosyncratic and systemic risks.

Findings
The empirical investigation suggests that capital has a negative and significant relationship with these risk measures. The authors also find that higher systemic risk encourages banks to increase their capital. However, similar evidence is not found in the idiosyncratic risk models. Finally, the role of capital in reducing risk is considered robust only during the normal periods, as banks may increase their assets risk during times of financial distress.

Originality/value
Systemic risk (CoVaR) is used to represent bank risk. This study focuses on the Indonesian banking sector (capture institutional arrangements and regulatory environment). It covers the period of 2008 GFC and post-crisis period.
Passive leadership and its relationship with organizational justice
Authors: Adeel Muhammad Majid , Khan Hafiz Ghufran Ali , Zafar Naveed , Rizvi Syed Tahir 
Published: February 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship among passive leadership, organizational justice and affect-based trust. In addition, the meditating role of affect-based trust between these relationships is also investigated.Design/methodology/approachThe data have been collected using anonymously completed questionnaire that has questions regarding passive leadership as independent variable, affect-based trust as mediator and organizational justice as dependent variable.FindingsIt is noted that the passive leadership is negatively associated with the affect-based trust and perceptions of organizational justice and the mediating role of affect-based trust is also confirmed between these relationships.Originality/valueThis study provides a new insight for social science knowledge base by explaining the direct relationship of passive leadership with organizational justice and through affect-based trust.
Learning from errors in insurance companies
Authors: Anselmann Veronika , Mulder Regina H. 
Published: February 2018

Purpose
The study pursues two goals: first, as a replication study, the purpose of this paper is to test a model of learning from errors in the domain of insurance industry. Second, to increase insights in learning from errors, the authors focussed on different types of errors.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors conducted a cross-sectional survey in the insurance industry (N=206). The authors used structural equation modelling and path modelling to analyse the data. To be able to analyse different types of errors, the authors used Critical Incident Technique and asked participants to describe error situations.

Findings
Findings from the study are that the model of learning from errors could partly be replicated. The results indicate that a non-punitive orientation towards errors is an important factor to reduce the tendency of insurance agents to cover up errors when knowledge and rule-based errors happen. In situations of slips and lapses error strain has a negative influence on trust and non-punitive orientation which in turn both reduce the tendency to cover up errors.

Research limitations/implications
Limitation is the small sample size. By using Critical Incidents Technique, the authors were able to analyse authentic error situations. Implications of the results concern the importance of error-friendly climate in organisations.

Originality/value
Replication studies are important to generalise results to different domains. To increase the insight in learning from errors, the authors analysed influencing factors with regard to different types of errors.
Social policy and late-life happiness: the impact of the basic old-age pension on the happiness of older people in South Korea
Authors: Park Seung-Min 
Published: February 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between social policy and late-life happiness by analyzing the impact of the basic old-age pension on the happiness of older people in South Korea.Design/methodology/approachPeople aged 65 and over selected from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing are analyzed in the study.FindingsIt shows that the association between the basic old-age pension and the happiness of older people is negative. This may be attributable to the frugality of the benefits and the side effects of the means test.Originality/valueThis implies that the relationship between social policy and late-life happiness is not linear but it is affected by the context of the policy. It suggests that changing the fundamental benefit system to be more progressive can be a more useful policy option to realize the initial policy goal for recipients.
Bond yield spillovers from major advanced economies to emerging Asia
Authors: Belke Ansgar , Dubova Irina , Volz Ulrich 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThis article explores the extent to which changes to long‐term interest rates in major advanced economies have influenced long‐term government bond yields in emerging Asia. To gauge long‐term interest spillover effects, the article uses vector autoregressive (VAR) variance decompositions with high frequency data. Our results reveal that sovereign bond yields in emerging Asia responded significantly to changes to US and eurozone bond yields, although the magnitudes were heterogeneous across countries. The size of spillovers varied over time. The pattern of these variations can partially be explained by the implementation of different unconventional monetary policy measures in advanced countries.
A computational‐experimental framework for mapping plant coexistence
Authors: Jiang Libo , Shi Chaozhong , Ye Meixia , Xi Feifei , Cao Yige , Wang Lina , Zhang Miaomiao , Sang Mengmeng , Wu Rongling 
Published: February 2018

Abstract

Despite its importance in understanding the emergent property of plant communities and ecosystems, the question of how genes govern species coexistence has proven very difficult to answer. In a plant community that behaves like a network game, each coexisting plant strives to maximize its fitness by pursuing a “rational self‐interest” strategy in a way that affects the decisive reaction of other plants.

We integrated this principle founding game theory into a quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping paradigm, on which to derive a game mapping model for the genetic landscaping of how plants coexist. The new mapping model dissolves the phenotype of each plant in a community into two components, autonomous phenotype, characteristic of the plant's intrinsic ability expected to be expressed in isolation, and social phenotype, determined by game theory‐guided interactions between the plant and other members.

We implemented the new model into a competition experiment by pairwise growing 116 recombinant inbred lines of Arabidopsis. Most QTLs detected from this experiment reside within biologically meaningful genes, including SCL6, CAR6, CLPB1, ALDH5F1, and EMB2217, which may mediate competitive interactions in unique ways. The new model can chart more detailed genetic architecture of plant community structure and diversity by extracting the genetic effects of QTLs on social phenotypes.

Our model lays the groundwork for predicting and managing dynamic relationships between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning from co‐species genotypes.
Biological legacies promote succession and soil development on tephra from the Puyehue‐Cordon Caulle eruption (2011)
Authors: Ferreiro Nicolás , Satti Patricia , Mazzarino María J. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractVolcanic deposits have frequently been studied from a successional point of view, but the main focus has been on vegetation dynamics, and less frequently on the development of invertebrate and microbial communities and soil properties. Biological legacies, understood as living organisms, seeds, organic debris and biologically derived patterns in soils and understories, are important in succession, and may also influence soil development on young volcanic deposits. The volcanic eruption of the Chilean Puyehue–Cordón Caulle complex (Northern Patagonia) in June 2011 deposited tephra in southern Argentina. Sandy tephra up to 30 cm deep was deposited in the De los Siete Lagos road in Nahuel Huapi and Lanín National Parks, where a road under construction had exposed sub‐soil lacking vegetation, while adjacent forest supported a canopy ofNothofagus dombeyiwithChusquea culeouin the understory. This situation provided a unique opportunity to study soil development and succession on nearby young volcanic deposits with different biological legacies, considering several biological communities. Our hypothesis is that 29 months after the eruption the tephra in the forest would have higher organic C, total N, available P and biological activity than the tephra deposited on the roadside. Plant cover and species richness, invertebrate abundance and richness, as well as substrate respiration, N mineralization and enzymatic activities were highest in the forest. In addition, organic carbon and nutrient incorporation rates in the forest were twice those in the roadside substrate. Nevertheless, two and a half years after the eruption, most variables remained an order of magnitude lower than values expected for temperate forest soils. Surviving canopy and understory play a key role in ecosystem recovery after tephra deposition, providing seeds and organic matter and establishing conditions appropriate for plants, invertebrates, and microorganisms that would in turn accelerate soil development.
Outcomes for women without conventional treatment for stage 1A (microinvasive) carcinoma of the cervix
Authors: Paul Charlotte , Sharples Katrina J , Baranyai Judith , Jones Ronald W , Skegg David CG 
Published: February 2018

BackgroundAn unethical clinical study that entailed withholding treatment from women diagnosed with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 3 (CIN3) was conducted at National Women's Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. Women with microinvasive carcinoma of the cervix also had treatment withheld.AimsTo describe the management and outcomes for women with microinvasive carcinoma for many of whom conventional treatment was withheld.Materials and MethodsRetrospective cohort study of women with a diagnosis of stage 1A cervical carcinoma at National Women's Hospital. Medical records, cytology and histopathology were reviewed and data linked with cancer and death registries up to December 2000.ResultsBetween 1955 and 1976, 62 women were initially diagnosed with stage 1A cervical cancer and 20 were diagnosed during follow up (to 1995). Sixty of the 82 women had initial management characterised as ‘probably non‐curative’; 20 of these received only a small diagnostic excision. Women in the latter group were more likely to: (i) subsequently have positive cytology (P < 0.0005), (ii) have untreated positive cytology (P = 0.02), and (iii) undergo multiple biopsies after initial management (P = 0.001). Of the women who received only a small diagnostic excision, eight of 20 developed invasive carcinoma of the cervix (≥ stage 1B) or vaginal vault, compared to two of 22 women who received initial treatment characterised as ‘probably curative’.ConclusionsWomen with microinvasive carcinoma were included in a natural history study of CIN3; they underwent numerous procedures designed to observe rather than treat their condition, and had a substantial risk of invasive cancer.
Analysis of influencing factors of boar claw lesion and lameness
Authors: Wang Chao , Li Jia‐Lian , Wei Hong‐Kui , Zhou Yuan‐Fei , Tan Jia‐Jian , Sun Hai‐Qing , Jiang Si‐Wen , Peng Jian 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the factors affecting boar claw lesions and lameness. A total of 1299 boars were examined for claw lesions and lameness, including 788 boars reared in individual pens with solid concreted floor (IPS) and 511 boars raised in individual stalls with slatted floor (ISS). Flooring type showed significant impacts on all claw lesion types (P < 0.01). Except for swelling ankle, boar age had significant effects on all other claw lesion types (P < 0.01). In addition, only heel overgrowth and erosion, cracked wall horizontal, heel‐sole crack, dew claws, and toes were significantly related to boar breeds (P < 0.05). Furthermore, IPS lame boars had higher prevalence of lameness in the hind limb (P < 0.05), whereas in ISS lame boars, there were no significant differences in prevalence of lameness between the fore and hind limbs (P > 0.05). Boar lameness was moderately correlated with swelling ankle (Φ = 0.5571). In conclusion, claw lesions can be influenced by flooring type, boar age and breed, and could serve as a predictor for boar lameness.