bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
WA352 gene indicates booming outcrossing progenies (three‐line hybrid rice × weedy rice) in weedy rice populations
Authors: Yan Yu‐jiang , Chao Jing , Wang Yuan , Mo Shu‐da , Kong Meng‐yao , Shi Zhi‐hua , Song Xiao‐ling , Qiang Sheng , Dai Wei‐min 
Published: March 2019

AbstractWeedy rice (Oryza sativa f. spontanea) is a conspecific weedy relative of cultivated Asian rice (O. sativa L.) that occurs in paddy fields worldwide. The mechanism underlying the persistence of weedy rice in rice fields remains unclear. We tested for evidence that southern Chinese weedy rice has originated through pollen flow from weedy rice that has resulted in hybridization with three‐line hybrid rice cultivars, which have been extensively cultivated in southern China for the last 40 yr and now account for over half the total rice cultivation in China. To test the hypothesis, we screened for the presence of the maternally inherited WA352 gene in weedy rice populations in southern China. WA352 is a mitochondrial gene that controls wild abortive cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS‐WA) and is present in three‐line hybrid rice cultivars. Screening of 48 weedy rice populations (939 accessions) indicates that 36 of 48 populations (75%) and 325 of 939 accessions (34.6%) harbor the WA352 gene. The rate is significantly higher than the 1% outcrossing rate between weedy rice and rice cultivars. Further analysis indicates significance between the frequency of the WA352 gene in weedy rice populations and depth of plowing. Our results suggest that outcrossing with rice cultivars is one of the important mechanisms underlying the persistence of weedy rice in southern China and that deep plowing may be conducive to promoting the persistence of weedy rice derived from hybridization (three‐line hybrid rice × weedy rice).
Numerical model and dynamic analysis of multi degree of freedom masonry arches
Authors: Kollár László P. , Ther Tamás 
Published: March 2019

SummaryA new model is presented for planar multi‐block arches subjected to earthquakes. The blocks are assumed to be rigid, and every interface between the blocks may split open and may close, ie, the blocks may impact to each other. During impact, both the classical Housner's approach and improved models with lower energy dissipation are considered. The arch model is verified by comparisons with the available results in the literature. Using the new model, it was found that the circular arch moves as a four‐hinge mechanism typically only at the beginning of excitation, and several cracks split open during motion; furthermore, that modeling a multi‐block arch by a single degree of freedom (SDOF) four‐hinge mechanism may significantly overestimate its collapse load. While, in accordance with the literature, the overturning curves of single blocks and arches with symmetrically located four hinges are similar; for multi‐block arches where several hinges may occur they can be very different.
Hydrogen storage in carbon materials—A review
Authors: Mohan Man , Sharma Vinod Kumar , Kumar E. Anil , Gayathri V. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIt is well known that three challenges of hydrogen economy, that is, production, storage, and transportation or application put tremendous stress on scientific community for the past several decades. Based on several investigations, reported in literature, it is observed that the storage of hydrogen in solid form is more suitable option to overcome the challenges like its storage and transportation. In this form, hydrogen can be stored by absorption (metal hydrides and complex hydrides) and adsorption (carbon materials). Compared to absorption, adsorption of hydrogen on carbon materials is observed to be more favorable in terms of storage capacity. Taking in to account of these facts, in this short review, an overview on hydrogen adsorption on activated carbon and different allotropes of carbon like graphite, carbon nanotubes, and carbon nanofibers is presented. Synthesis processes of all the carbon materials are discussed in brief along with their hydrogen storage capacities at different operating conditions, and thermodynamic properties and reaction kinetics. In addition, different methods to improve hydrogen storage capacities of carbon materials are presented in detail. Finally, comparison is made between different carbon materials to estimate the amount of hydrogen that can be stored and retract practically. The experimentally measured maximum hydrogen storage capacity of activate carbon, graphite, single‐walled nanotubes, multiwalled nanotubes, and carbon nanofibers at room temperature are 5.5 wt%, 4.48 wt%, 4.5 wt%, 6.3 wt%, and 6.5 wt%, respectively.
Performance of thermochemical energy storage of a packed bed of calcium hydroxide pellets
Authors: Funayama Shigehiko , Takasu Hiroki , Zamengo Massimiliano , Kariya Jun , Kim Seon Tae , Kato Yukitaka 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThermochemical energy storage (TCES) using reversible gas‐solid reactions is a promising technology owing to the high energy density and capability of long‐term storage. TCES using a calcium oxide/calcium hydroxide/water (CaO/Ca(OH)2/H2O) reaction system has attracted considerable attention because of the low material cost and environmental friendliness of the reactants. Previous experimental studies have focused on the TCES performances of packed beds of calcium oxide/calcium hydroxide powder. However, pelleted materials can be more favorable than powdered materials from a practical viewpoint. The aim of this study is to evaluate the performance of TCES of a packed bed of calcium oxide/calcium hydroxide pellets. In this work, a total of 60 g of calcium hydroxide pellets (diameter of 1.9 mm and length of 2‐10 mm) was evaluated using a 100‐W scale packed bed reactor. The heat storage density of the bed was 1.0 MJ L‐bed−1, and an average heat output rate of 0.71 kW L‐bed−1 was observed for the first 10 minutes under a hydration pressure of 84.6 kPa. The stability of the reaction conversion of the bed was demonstrated during 17 cycles of experiments.
An integrated framework for minimization of inter lithium‐ion cell temperature differences and the total volume of the cell of battery pack for electric vehicles
Authors: Yun Liu , Maddila Sivasriprasanna , Gao Liang , Peng Xiongbin , Niu Xiaodong , Garg Akhil , Chin Christina May May 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThere is not much research carried out on factors such as temperature differences in different regions of battery pack, which is highly important and poses a great challenge. Temperature changes across batteries affect the battery pack performance and its life span largely. Thus, the present work proposes the Integrated Finite Element‐Meta‐Optimization Framework for solving this problem. The integrated framework includes the formulation of Finite Element Model of a battery pack and Meta‐Optimization Framework for multi‐objective minimization of three objectives such as the inter‐cell temperature differences, temperature standard deviation and the total volume of the cell. In this framework, firstly Support Vector Regression (SVR) model is formulated based on the data and the SVR parameters are optimized using a genetic algorithm. It can conclude that the resulting model has a coefficient of correlation metric of 99%. The simulated annealing algorithm is then applied to find the optimal values of inter‐cell and cell‐enclosure distances for minimization of inter‐cell temperature differences and the total volume of the cell. Optimization analysis concluded that the volume of the battery pack was decreased by 29%, temperature difference (K) by 42% and SD of the temperature over the entire pack decreased by 55%.
A real‐time experimental investigation of building integrated thermal energy storage with air‐conditioning system for indoor temperature regulation
Authors: Chinnasamy Veerakumar , Appukuttan Sreekumar 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIn this article, a novel concept of the latent heat thermal energy storage system combined with the conventional cooling system is proposed for the application of indoor thermal comfort. Lauryl alcohol with a melting point of 22‐25°C is selected as phase change materials (PCM) for the study. From the results of experiment conducted with different mass of PCM, there is no change in temperature drop achieved while increasing PCM mass but there is increase in discharge time. The average air temperature in bottom chamber is maintained at 26°C which is in thermal comfort range throughout the experiment. For the experiments with different inlet air temperatures, higher drop in top chamber outlet air temperature is achieved for higher inlet temperatures. The temperature of the room can bring down to human thermal comfort range with a minimum duration of time with the proposed system irrespective of initial room temperature. The proposed system helps to maintain the buildings in human thermal comfort range with less‐energy consumption when the conventional air‐conditioning system is not in operation which in turn decreases the major energy consumption by the building sector through other auxiliary energy source.
Preparation and thermal properties of shape‐stabilized polyethylene glycol/mesoporous silica composite phase change materials for thermal energy storage
Authors: Wang Chaoming , Cai Zhengyu , Chen Ke , Huang Jun , Wang Tingjun 
Published: March 2019

AbstractMesoporous silica (MS) was prepared through a simple self‐assembly procedure under alkaline condition with tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) as SiO2 precursor and cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) as the template. A series of shape‐stabilized composite phase change materials (ss‐CPCMs), using polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG6000) as the PCM and MS as the matrix with different mass percentage of PEG6000 loadings, was prepared through a vacuum impregnation method. N2 adsorption‐desorption analyzer measurement showed the specific surface area and average pore size of the as‐prepared porous silica were determined to be 760 m2/g and about 3 nm, respectively. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements indicated that the melting peak temperatures and latent heats of melting of the composites are varied from 52.3°C to 62.6°C and 32.9 to 186.4 J/g (PEG6000 mass fractions: 0%‐80%), which was proportional to PEG6000 content. Fourier‐transform infrared (FT‐IR) spectroscopy results implied that only the physical interaction existed between the PEG6000 and SiO2 matrix. The shape‐stability measurements suggested the composite with the 70% mass loading of PEG6000 can still maintained the original shape and no leakage were observed above the much higher melting temperature of PEG6000 (105°C). Thermal cycling test showed that the ss‐CPCM had good thermal reliability and chemical stability although it was experienced 500 melting and cooling cycles. Moreover, the thermal decomposition temperature of the composites (393.2°C) was much larger than the melting temperature of pure PEG6000 (62.6°C), which indicated that composite presented excellent thermal stabilities and was suitable for thermal energy storage applications.
Response of a Small Mammal Population Postremediation for an Accidental Bitumen and Steam Release from a Wellhead in the Athabasca Oil Sands
Authors: Smits Judit E.G. , Sanders Greg , Charlebois Michael 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Two releases from steam assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) wellheads occurred 3 yr apart. To track recovery of the affected areas, red-backed voles were studied 1 and 4 yr later, using population estimates, hepatic detoxification effort, body condition, and tissue metal levels as bioindicators of site recovery. From years 1 to 4, higher ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase induction was no longer evident, capture rate was lower, and body lead residues were no longer (inversely) correlated with body condition. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:1542–1548. © 2019 SETAC
Abstract
A stabilized extremum‐preserving scheme for nonlinear parabolic equation on polygonal meshes
Authors: Peng Gang , Gao Zhiming , Feng Xinlong 
Published: March 2019

SummaryIn this paper, a stabilized extremum‐preserving scheme is introduced for the nonlinear parabolic equation on polygonal meshes. The so‐called harmonic averaging points located at the interface of heterogeneity are employed to define the auxiliary unknowns and can be interpolated by the cell‐centered unknowns. This scheme has only cell‐centered unknowns and possesses a small stencil. A stabilized term is constructed to improve the stability of this scheme. The stability analysis of this scheme is obtained under standard assumptions. Numerical results illustrate that the scheme satisfies the extremum principle with anisotropic full tensor coefficient problems and has optimal convergence rate in space on distorted meshes.
Using accounting‐based information on young firms to predict bankruptcy
Authors: Lohmann Christian , Ohliger Thorsten 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThis study analyzes the nonlinear relationships between accounting‐based key performance indicators and the probability that the firm in question will become bankrupt or not. The analysis focuses particularly on young firms and examines whether these nonlinear relationships are affected by a firm's age. The analysis of nonlinear relationships between various predictors of bankruptcy and their interaction effects is based on a structured additive regression model and on a comprehensive data set on German firms. The results of this analysis provide empirical evidence that a firm's age has a considerable effect on how accounting‐based key performance indicators can be used to predict the likelihood that a firm will go bankrupt. More specifically, the results show that there are differences between older firms and young firms with respect to the nonlinear effects of the equity ratio, the return on assets, and the sales growth on their probability of bankruptcy.
Establishing a high‐resolution stratigraphy in the Holocene marine sequence of the ancient Theodosian harbor of Istanbul with the help of dendrochronology
Authors: Yalçın M. Namık , Sezerer‐Bulut Meltem , Pearson Charlotte , Kuniholm Peter , Algan Oya , Wazny Tomasz 
Published: March 2019

AbstractSalvage excavations in the Theodosian harbor (Yenikapı‐Istanbul) have uncovered diverse archaeological objects including 36 shipwrecks and various Byzantine period wooden docks. The sequence of these docks provided a unique opportunity to obtain a high‐resolution stratigraphy. The new approach is based on stratigraphic interpretation of deformation patterns created by the posts in soft sediments, combined with dendrochronological dating of the posts. Dendrochronology offers the potential to date the posts to within one calendar year of felling, a level of precision and accuracy rare in sedimentological analysis. The posts, most of them Quercus, were rammed during six different time periods. The first period is associated with posts cut in 528 AD. The second and third periods are dated by posts cut in 583 and 594 AD, respectively. The fourth‐period dates within 8–10 years of 639 AD. The fifth period could be dated only roughly to between 690 and 770 AD. The last period produced a possible placement of after 778 AD. This new approach helps to establish a high‐resolution stratigraphy. Furthermore, it provides information about sedimentation history and specific anthropogenic events.
Firm–government relationships: A social exchange view of corporate tax compliance
Authors: Lee Seung‐Hyun , Gokalp Omer N. , Kim Jinsil 
Published: March 2019

Research SummaryThe economic exchange view of corporate tax compliance holds that when governments fail to provide adequate public services, firms comply less with taxes as quid pro quo. However, firms differ widely in the degree to which they respond to government inefficiencies in the form of tax noncompliance. We argue that such heterogeneity is largely because firm–government economic exchanges do not happen in a vacuum, but rather within the context of social exchange. Factors such as bribery, tax compliance burden, and consistency of tax enforcement affect firms' perceptions of fairness and trust in the social contract and moderate the quid pro quo in the economic exchange. We find broad support for our hypotheses in a sample from transition economies in Eastern Europe and Central Asia.Managerial SummaryFirms' propensity to pay their fair share of taxes is a function of the level of service provided by the government. Such an eye‐for‐an‐eye mentality would manifest more strongly when firms face higher levels of corruption or when they must shoulder a heavier tax burden; however, this mentality would be less apparent when tax enforcement is consistent and efficient. The degree of firms' effort to balance the economic relationship with the government is therefore influenced by how well they believe the social contract is upheld by their government within a broader social exchange relationship. While the prevalence of bribery and heavy compliance burden damages firms' perception of fairness and trust toward the government, consistent tax enforcement improves it.
Enantioselective Total Synthesis of (−)‐Doliculide Using Catalytic Asymmetric Hydrogenations
Authors: Che Wen , Wen Danyang C. , Zhu Shou‐Fei , Zhou Qi‐Lin 
Published: March 2019

AbstractA concise and efficient strategy has been developed to construct a polyketide chain by employing relay asymmetric hydrogenations catalyzed by two chiral spiro iridium catalysts. By using this strategy, an enantioselective total synthesis of (−)‐doliculide has been achieved in 19 steps with 6.9 % overall yield. The route features high enantioselectivity and diastereoselectivity. The catalyst loading can be as low as 0.005 mol‐%. It is convenient to obtain natural polyketides and their analogues by this strategy.
Interaction between turbulence and thermal radiation in combined heat transfer channel flows
Authors: Moghaddam Saied , Bazdidi‐Tehrani Farzad , Aghaamini Masoud 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe aim of the present work is to examine the effects of interaction between turbulence and thermal radiation on the fully developed turbulent channel flow with variable properties in the presence of combined mixed convection‐radiation heat transfer. The vertical and horizontal channels under study are formed by differentially heated flat parallel plates. Large eddy simulation and the low Mach number approach are used to solve the governing equations. Also, the radiative transfer equation is solved using the method. The results are achieved by developing a solver in an open‐source computational fluid dynamics toolbox. The main focus is to find out whether neglecting turbulence‐radiation interaction (TRI) is a valid assumption for such flows under consideration. The present results show that, in both configurations, the maximum values of emission TRI and incident TRI are 2% and 3%, respectively. These results are consistent with the previous findings suggesting that in the nonreactive flows, these two terms are negligible.
Investigating the role of expectancy in caffeine withdrawal using the balanced placebo design
Authors: Juliano Laura M. , Kardel Peter G. , Harrell Paul T. , Muench Christine , Edwards Kathryn C. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractObjectiveThis study investigated psychological influences on drug withdrawal symptomatology using a caffeine‐based model.MethodsUsing the 2 × 2 balanced placebo design caffeine dose (given caffeinated vs decaffeinated coffee) was crossed with dose expectancy (told caffeine vs. decaf) among 87 (16‐hr abstinent) regular coffee consumers in a 2‐day study.ResultsThere were effects of expectancy and pharmacology that differed depending on the measure. Those told decaf reported greater caffeine cravings than those told caffeine 45 min and 8 hr postmanipulation. There were no expectancy effects on withdrawal symptoms or cognitive performance. There were pharmacological effects on all measures. Those given decaf reported greater withdrawal symptoms and showed poorer cognitive performance 45 min and 8 hr postmanipulation, with effects for headache and flu‐like symptoms first emerging 8 hr postmanipulation (i.e., 24 hr abstinence in given decaf conditions). Caffeine readministration alleviated all withdrawal symptoms and cognitive decrements within 45 min. No drug by expectancy interactions were observed.ConclusionsThese findings confirm a strong pharmacological basis for caffeine withdrawal and an important role of cognition in drug craving. Future research should investigate the role of expectancy in drug withdrawal and craving and the potential use of expectancy manipulations in symptom prevention and management.
Trajectories of class–switching‐related egg and cow's milk allergen‐specific immunoglobulin isotype formation and its modification by eczema with low‐ and high‐affinity immunoglobulin E during early infancy
Authors: Irahara Makoto , Shinahara Wakako , Sugimoto Mayumi , Ogawa Yukiko , Shitsukawa Keiji , Kubota Kenji , Yang Limin , Ohya Yukihiro , Saito Hirohisa , Kagami Shoji , Arisawa Kokichi , Kido Hiroshi 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIntroductionAllergen‐specific immunoglobulin isotype formation associated with immunoglobulin class‐switching during the lactation period is the immunological background for food allergy in infants. We analyzed the serial changes in the production of feeding type‐related egg‐ and milk‐specific immunoglobulin isotypes from birth to 6 months of age with or without eczema in 84 infants.MethodsAllergen‐specific immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1), IgG2, IgG3, IgG4, IgA, and IgE levels of hen's egg and bovine milk were measured in cord blood and blood samples from infants at 2, 4, and 6 months of age by the densely carboxylated protein microarray.ResultsFormula and mixed feeding were associated with a rapid increase in cow's milk allergen‐specific immunoglobulins and feeding type‐related significant differences in casein‐specific immunoglobulin levels were detected. Breast and mixed feeding were associated with slow but significant increase in ovalbumin‐specific IgG1 and IgE levels, but not other immunoglobulins. We found two different immunoglobulin isotype formation at 6 months of age with low‐ or high‐affinity IgE against ovalbumin. One isotype formation pattern had relatively high ovalbumin‐specific IgG1 levels, detectable IgG2, and low‐affinity IgE, while the other had low ovalbumin‐specific IgG1 levels, undetectable IgG2, and high levels of high‐affinity IgE. The incidence of eczema was significantly higher in the latter pattern (84.6%), compared with the remaining infants (42.2%).ConclusionsFeeding practice‐related allergen sensitization and immunoglobulin isotype formation were identified during the lactation period. The development of eczema during the lactation period could potentially modify the immunoglobulin isotype formation with high levels of high‐affinity IgE.