bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The level of sense of coherence among Swedish nursing staff
Authors: Eriksson Monica , Kerekes Nóra , Brink Peter , Pennbrant Sandra , Nunstedt Håkan 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAimTo explore the level of sense of coherence among Swedish nursing staff. Design: An explorative quantitative study design was adopted using a short form for measuring sense of coherence.MethodsData were collected in January 2018 from nurses working in full‐time positions at two hospitals in Western Sweden. A total of 93 nurses completed the 13 item questionnaire measuring sense of coherence. Descriptive statistics were applied to obtain means and standard deviations. Spearman's rank correlation was used to describe strength of association between sense of coherence and socio‐demographic categories. Between‐group differences were defined using the nonparametric tests of Mann Whitney U test and Kruskal–Wallis test.ResultsThe internal consistency of the SOC‐13 was low. An inter‐item‐correlation test indicated that two items decreased the internal consistency of the scale. The level of the three dimensions of sense of coherence varied; manageability was weakest and decreased the total sense of coherence. The meaningfulness dimension was as strongest.ConclusionOn a national level, nurses reported weaker sense of coherence (SOC) than the general population, but stronger in an international comparison of nurses. They found their work difficult to manage, but meaningful.ImpactOn a national level, the nurses reported weaker SOC than the general population, but stronger in an international comparison of nurses. Findings from this study will have an impact on how nurses can manage work related stress in terms of sense of coherence. There will also be an impact on nurses' well‐being, which in a long run benefits patients.
Care of (potentially) brain‐dead patients: A qualitative study protocol
Authors: Drexler Sabine , Kugler Christiane , Farin Erik 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAimAim of this study was to describe the experiences of intensive care unit (ICU) nurses, physicians and relatives of (potentially) brain dead patients; and to develop recommendations to optimize the workflows on ICUs.BackgroundLimited published information on caring for brain dead patients suggest it to be a burden for the nursing staff. It also remains unclear how physicians and relatives of (potentially) brain dead patients perceive these experiences.DesignInterpretive phenomenology according to Benner.MethodsMedical caregivers (nurses’ und physicians) from multiple wards in a German University Medical Center and relatives of (potentially) brain dead patients will be interviewed. Data collection will include episodic interviews with participants’ experiences in care of (potentially) brain dead patients. The study is funded by the Ministry of Science, Research and the Arts, Baden‐Württemberg (1 February 2016).DiscussionGaining insights into caring for (potentially) brain dead patients and its associated burden will lead to the development of better recommendations to assist all people involved.ImpactExpand the understanding of the experience of healthcare professionals in the care for (potentially) brain dead patients. Understand the experience of relatives of (potentially) brain dead patients. Findings from this study will support the development of recommendations for action by a multi‐professional expert group consisting of nurses, physicians, healthcare managers and patient advocates.Trial registration: Protocol version. German Register for Clinical Studies (Registration No. DRKS00010420) Database of Health Services Research Germany (Project Nr. VfD_16_003710).
Optimization of fluidized bed preconditioning for microwave puffed rice using integrated artificial neural network and genetic algorithm approach
Authors: Dash Kshirod K. , Das Susanta K. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractPreconditioning of rice is heat curing of salt infused moist parboiled rice prior to microwave puffing process. The sudden expansion of moisture present in the interstices of the starch granules caused by microwave heating of the preconditioned rice results in highly expanded smooth‐surface puffed rice. The expansion ratio (ER) and percentage of puffing (PP) of the microwave puffed rice preconditioned under different conditions were varied between 5.16–7.51 and 84.32–93.12%, respectively. Optimum temperature, air velocity, and salt concentration for fluidized bed preconditioning obtained by using integrated artificial neural network and genetic algorithm approach were estimated to be 70°C, 2.9 m s−1, and 4%, respectively. The predicted values of ER and PP at optimum combination of independent variables were 7.5 and 92.82%, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that preconditioning transformed the compact polyhedral structure of starch granules to fused mass with interlocking and overlapping structure.Practical applicationsPreconditioning with fluidized bed drying of salt infused rice would be feasible as a substitute with traditional direct heat curing process with saving of time, labor, and energy. This study would enhance understanding of the effects of preconditioning process on the mechanisms of puffing. Artificial neural network and genetic algorithm integrated optimization can be applied for prediction and control of mechanization of the preconditioning and puffing process. Preconditioned rice can be puffed directly by using a microwave oven that will make the puffing process convenient to consumers.
Microwave‐convective hot airdried jamun (Syzygium cuminiL.) pulp powder: Optimization of drying aids
Authors: Dey Paul Indira , Das Madhusweta 
Published: June 2019

AbstractDrying of fruit pulp into powder needs drying aids for achieving desirable powder properties. This article aims to optimize drying aids, such as maltodextrin (MD), tricalcium phosphate (TCP), and glycerol monostearate (GMS) in jamun (Syzygium cuminiL.) pulp blend formulation to produce microwave‐convective hot air‐dried jamun pulp powder. Response surface methodology using rotatable central composite design was followed with independent variables MD (1–15), TCP (0–2), and GMS (1–3), % dry basis of pulp, on hygroscopicity (HG), rate of moisture sorption estimated at 60 min (RMS60), flow time (FT), and overall color difference (ΔE*) as responses of the product. The statistically significant factors were: MD for HG; MD, TCP, and GMS for RMS60and FT; and TCP and GMS for ΔE*. The optimized formulation reduced HG, RMS60, and FT by 29.67, 45.24, and 60%, respectively with respect to the control, with ΔE* being 6.98.Practical ApplicationsThe antidiabetic and antioxidant properties of jamun (Syzygium cuminiL.) fruit are well established. The therapeutic values of jamun pulp and skin are mainly due to the presence of various phytochemicals. However, it is considered as underutilized fruit due to its highly perishable nature. Properly matured fruit can be stored for maximum 2 days at room temperature and 3 weeks at low temperature. Hence, immediate processing and conversion into value‐added products of jamun fruits are needed for better distribution and utilization during off‐season. Processing of fruit pulp into dry powder is a popular practice to obtain shelf‐stable product having wide scope of utilization. However, preparation of fruit powder has many challenges, the main problem being their stickiness due to the presence of low molecular weight sugars and organic acids. Therefore, production of stable free‐flowing jamun pulp powder with selection of suitable drying aids in proper concentration has enough industrial relevance.
Occurrence of zearalenone in corn meal commercialized in south region of Brazil and daily intake estimates in the Brazilian population
Authors: Pante Giseli C. , Silva Milena V. , Romoli Jéssica C. Z. , Rocha Gustavo H. O. , Bando Erika , Nerilo Samuel B. , Mossini Simone A. G. , Machinski Miguel 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to assess the risk of zearalenone (ZEA) in corn meal produced and commercialized in State of Parana, Brazil. The extraction method carried out with a Romer Mycosep 226 column was found to be efficient due to addition of both diatomaceous earth and centrifuging during the cleaning step. From the total of 84 analyzed samples, 78.6% (n = 66) were found to be contaminated ZEA at levels between 15.4 and 72.1 μg/kg. This study was the first report on occurrence of positive samples for ZEA in corn meal commercialized in Parana since 2005. The estimated daily intake (EDI) of ZEA for the Brazilian population and for the State of Parana was 3.1 and 2.2 ng/kg bw/day, respectively. The EDI was below the tolerable daily intake of 250 ng/kg bw/day. Despite the low health risk of the population, it was observed that the occurrence of ZEA in corn meal was frequent, which demonstrates the importance of monitoring studies to ensure consumer's health.Practical applicationsOccurrence of zearalenone in corn meal was high (78.6%) in Brazil. First report on corn meal samples positive for zearalenone in Paraná, Brazil. No sample exceeded the tolerated limit by both Brazilian and European legislation. EDI due to corn meal consumption was inferior to TDI.
Optimal preoperative autologous blood storage volume required in surgeries for placenta previas and low‐lying placentas
Authors: Sakai Ayumi , Matsunaga Shigetaka , Nakamura Eishin , Samejima Kouki , Ono Yoshihisa , Yamamoto Koji , Takai Yasushi , Maeda Hiroo , Seki Hiroyuki 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAimThe high rate of stored preoperative autologous blood wastage is concerning. This study analyzed patients who provided preoperative autologous blood donations (PABDs) for massive bleeding during surgery for placenta previas and low‐lying placentas, and investigated the optimal PABD storage volume required to avoid allogeneic transfusion.MethodsOf 386 patients who provided PABDs at our hospital from 2008 to 2013, 269 patients with placenta previas or low‐lying placentas were retrospectively analyzed. The PABD storage volumes were stratified into four groups based on the amounts stored, and the allogeneic transfusion usage frequencies were compared.ResultsA total of 124 patients (46.1%) received PABDs and 12 patients (4.5%) received allogeneic transfusions. The average PABD volume wasted was 23 940 mL/year. The allogeneic transfusion utilization rate was significantly higher in the 1‐ to 300‐mL group (17.2%) than in the 301‐ to 600‐mL (1.69%), 601‐ to 900‐mL (3.82%), and 901‐ to 1200‐mL (0%) groups (P < 0.05). The PABD cut‐off volume for avoiding allogeneic blood transfusion was 300 mL, and the odds ratio for ≤300‐mL PABD in a multivariate analysis was 14.3 (95% confidence interval 1.3–149.3; P = 0.03). The maximum surgical blood order schedule was 2.16 units (432 mL), and the surgical blood order equation was 2.15 units (430 mL).ConclusionThe allogeneic transfusion utilization rate did not differ between the 600‐mL group and the groups with higher PABD storage volumes; hence, storing 600 mL of PABD was appropriate for surgery for placenta previas and low‐lying placentas.
How Sweetness Plays Sweetly in Persuasion
Authors: Ahn Ahreem , Min Dongwon 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThree experiments explored how sweetness metaphors affect individuals’ attitudes. The results indicated that sweetness metaphors led to positive responses to the target advertisement and the advertised product, both when the sweetness was actually experienced (Experiment 1) and when the sweetness experience was imagined (Experiment 2 and 3). In Experiment 1, participants who directly experienced a sweet taste evaluated a mineral water advertisement more positively than those who did not experience a sweet taste. Experiment 2 showed that an imagined sweet taste generated favorable attitudes toward the same targets as in Experiment 1. Results of Experiment 3, which used advertisements of various product categories, were similar to those of the previous two experiments, where both direct experience and mental imagination of sweetness were advantageous for forming favorable attitudes.
Honey bee waggle dance communication increases diversity of pollen diets in intensively managed agricultural landscapes
Authors: Nürnberger Fabian , Keller Alexander , Härtel Stephan , Steffan‐Dewenter Ingolf 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe benefits of honey bee dance communication for colony performance in different resource environments are still not well understood. Here, we test the hypothesis that directional dance communication enables honey bee colonies to maintain a diverse pollen diet, especially in landscapes with low resource diversity. To test this hypothesis, we placed 24 Apis mellifera L. colonies with either intact or experimentally disrupted dance communication in eight agricultural landscapes that differed in the diversity of flowering plants and in the dominance of mass‐flowering crops. Pollen from incoming foragers was collected and identified via DNA metabarcoding. Disrupting dance communication affected the way the diversity of honey bee pollen diets was impacted by the dominance of mass‐flowering crops in available flower resources (p = .04). With increasing dominance of mass‐flowering crops in resource environments, foragers of colonies with intact communication foraged on an increasing proportion of available plant genera (p = .01). This was not the case for colonies with disrupted dance communication (p = .5). We conclude that the honey bee dance communication benefits pollen foraging on diverse plant resources and thereby contributes to high quality nutrition in environments with low‐resource diversity.
Does ownership of an end‐of‐life product affect design for environment?
Authors: Hosoda Eiji B. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractCirculative use of resources is a crucial concept for a modern capitalist economy. Faced with peaking‐out of material resources and shortage of landfill capacity in the long run, human beings are required to promote efficient reuse and recycling of end‐of‐life products (ELPs). One of the methods to advance efficient reuse and recycling is rental or lease of products. Product service is also a similar idea. All these imply, in some sense, a change of ownership of a product and an ELP; ownership of an ELP as well as a product belongs to producers instead of households. It is often said that such a change of ownership promotes design for environment (DfE) or eco‐design, contributing to circulative use of resources. This paper examines whether ownership of an ELP affects DfE by means of à la Sraffian type of equilibrium model. I show that there are two routes to DfE, namely via a reduction of the amount of an ELP and enhancement of quality of a secondary material. I also show that DfE effects do not appear under certain conditions, even if the ownership of an ELP is transferred to producers.
Farming by ants remodels nutrient uptake in epiphytes
Authors: Chomicki Guillaume , Renner Susanne S. 
Published: June 2019

SummaryTrue agriculture – defined by habitual planting, cultivation, harvesting and dependence of a farmer on a crop – is known from fungi farmed by ants, termites or beetles, and plants farmed by humans or ants. Because farmers supply their crops with nutrients, they have the potential to modify crop nutrition over evolutionary time. Here we test this hypothesis in ant/plant farming symbioses.We used field experiments, phylogenetic‐comparative analyses and computed‐tomography scanning to investigate how the evolution of farming by ants has impacted the nutrition of locally coexisting species in the epiphytic genusSquamellaria(Rubiaceae).Using isotope‐labelled mineral and organic nitrogen, we show that specialised ants actively and exclusively fertilise hyperabsorptive warts on the inner walls of plant‐formed structures (domatia) where they nest, sharply contrasting with nitrogen provisioning by ants in nonfarming generalist symbioses. Similar hyperabsorptive warts have evolved repeatedly in lineages colonised by farming ants.Our study supports the idea that millions of years of ant agriculture have remodelled plant physiology, shifting from ant‐derived nutrients as by‐products to active and targeted fertilisation on hyperabsorptive sites. The increased efficiency of ant‐derived nutrient provisioning appears to stem from a combination of farming ant behaviour and plant ‘crop’ traits.
Non‐syndromic cleft lip with or without palate‐susceptible SNPs is associated with hyperdontia
Authors: Kan Shiyi , Zhu Guirong , Du Yifei , Fan Liwen , Yang Fan , Lou Shu , Li Dandan , Ma Lan , Pan Yongchu 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundNon‐syndromic supernumerary teeth (NSST) or hyperdontia may share common genetic determinants with non‐syndromic cleft lip with or without palate (NSCL/P). The aim of this study was to test the associations between five genome‐wide‐associated NSCL/P‐susceptible single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs2235371, rs7078160, rs8049367, rs4791774, and rs13041247) and the occurrence of NSST.Materials and methodsA total of 163 cases and 326 controls were recruited and their genomic DNA was extracted from blood samples. Five NSCL/P‐susceptible SNPs (rs2235371, rs7078160, rs8049367, rs4791774, and rs13041247) were genotyped by TaqMan method. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to estimate the associations between the SNPs and the risk of NSST by PLINK software.ResultsRs4791774 (A > G) and rs13041247 (T > C) were associated with risk of NSST (rs4791774: Padd = 0.011, OR, 95% CI = 0.62, 0.43–0.90; rs13041247: Phomo = 0.031, OR, 95% CI = 1.79, 1.05–3.05) and one supernumerary tooth (rs4791774: Pdom = 0.009, OR, 95% CI = 0.56, 0.36–0.87; rs13041247: Phomo = 0.034, OR, 95% CI = 1.82, 1.05–3.15). Rs4791774 (A > G) was also showed association with risk of upper arch supernumerary teeth only (Padd = 0.010, OR, 95% CI = 0.60, 0.41–0.89).ConclusionNon‐syndromic cleft lip with or without palate‐susceptible loci rs4791774 (A > G) and rs13041247 (T > C) were associated with the risk of supernumerary teeth.
Mesangial C4d deposition at diagnosis in childhood immunoglobulin A nephropathy
Authors: Sato Yasuyuki , Sasaki Satoshi , Okamoto Takayuki , Takahashi Toshiyuki , Hayashi Asako , Ogawa Yayoi , Ariga Tadashi 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundImmunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) is a major cause of end‐stage renal disease. Complement activation via the lectin pathway influences outcomes in IgAN. We examined the association of glomerular C4d deposition with clinicopathological severity at diagnosis and the disappearance of proteinuria in Japanese pediatric IgAN patients.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 25 children newly diagnosed with IgAN at Hokkaido University Hospital. We evaluated glomerular C4d immunofluorescent staining at diagnosis. We compared clinical findings, pathological findings (based on Oxford classification), and the disappearance of proteinuria within 24 months after renal biopsy between C4d‐positive and C4d‐negative patients.ResultsGlomerular C4d staining was observed in 14 patients (56.0%). C4d‐positive patients had significantly higher proteinuria at diagnosis than C4d‐negative patients (2.03 g/gCr vs 0.78 g/gCr; P = 0.005). The number of glomeruli with segmental glomerulosclerosis or adhesion (8.0% vs 0.0%; P = 0.046) and the extent of tubular atrophy/interstitial fibrosis (9.46% vs 2.86%; P = 0.031) were significantly increased in C4d‐positive patients compared with C4d‐negative patients. Further, the proportion of patients with modified T1 (>10%) was significantly higher in the C4d‐positive group than the C4d‐negative group. There was no significant difference, however, in the disappearance rate of proteinuria at 24 months after renal biopsy between groups (64% vs 82%; P = 0.149).ConclusionsGlomerular C4d deposition was associated with clinicopathological severity at diagnosis in Japanese pediatric patients with IgAN. Glomerular C4d deposition, however, was not a predictor of the disappearance of proteinuria within 24 months after diagnosis in Japanese pediatric patients with IgAN.
Effects of amount and recurrence of leaf herbivory on the induction of direct and indirect defences in wild cotton
Authors: Abdala‐Roberts L. , Reyes‐Hernández M. , Quijano‐Medina T. , Moreira X. , Francisco M. , Angulo D. F. , Parra‐Tabla V. , Virgen A. , Rojas J. C. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

The induction of defences in response to herbivory is a key mechanism of plant resistance. While a number of studies have investigated the time course and magnitude of plant induction in response to a single event of herbivory, few have looked at the effects of recurrent herbivory. Furthermore, studies measuring the effects of the total amount and recurrence of herbivory on both direct and indirect plant defences are lacking. To address this gap, here we asked whether insect leaf herbivory induced changes in the amount and concentration of extrafloral nectar (an indirect defence) and concentration of leaf phenolic compounds (a direct defence) in wild cotton (Gossypium hirsutum).

We conducted a greenhouse experiment where we tested single event or recurrent herbivory effects on defence induction by applying mechanical leaf damage and caterpillar (Spodoptera frugiperda) regurgitant.

Single events of 25% and 50% leaf damage did not significantly influence extrafloral nectar production or concentration. Extrafloral nectar traits did, however, increase significantly relative to controls when plants were exposed to recurrent herbivory (two episodes of 25% damage). In contrast, phenolic compounds increased significantly in response to single events of leaf damage but not to recurrent damage. In addition, we found. that local induction of extrafloral nectar production was stronger than systemic induction, whereas the reverse pattern was observed for phenolics.

Together, these results reveal seemingly inverse patterns of induction of direct and indirect defences in response to herbivory in wild cotton.
White rot disease protection and growth promotion of garlic (Allium sativum) by endophytic bacteria
Authors: Wang J. , Shi L. , Wang D. , Li L. , Loake G. J. , Yang X. , Jiang J. 
Published: June 2019

Thirty‐five bacterial isolates, recovered from the healthy bulbs of Allium sativum that grow in different sites of China, were screened for their ability to produce hydrolytic enzymes and metabolites and to dissolve inorganic phosphorus in vitro. These 35 endophytes inhibited the growth of the causal agent of white rot disease, Sclerotium cepivorum (Sc), by 19–64%. The isolates 153 (Bacillus siamensis) (Bs) and 136 (Streptomyces setonii) (Ss) were found to be the most effective in decreasing Sc disease incidence, both by 66%. In addition, there was a significant enhancement in the growth of garlic plants pretreated with isolates 153 Bs and 136 Ss. Isolate 136 could not produce indole‐3‐acetic acid (IAA) and did not exhibit an inorganic phosphorus solubilization ability in vitro. Thus, growth promotion by this Streptomyces sp. is likely to be mediated by a different, and perhaps novel, mechanism to that typically associated with growth promoting bacteria. An increase in expression of alliin lyase 2 was found in garlic plants treated with 153 Bs. By extension, the quantity of the antimicrobial sulphoxide, alliin, was also increased in 153 Bs‐treated and Sc‐inoculated plants, relative to the Sc‐inoculated controls. These results indicated that this bacterial endophyte might protect A. sativum not only by direct antibiosis, but also by enhancing the expression of alliin lyase 2 and the concomitant production of alliin.