bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trends in mental health related contacts among mothers of Aboriginal children in Western Australia (1990–2013): a linked data population-based cohort study of over 40 000 children
Authors: Lima Fernando , Shepherd Carrington , Wong Janice , O’Donnell Melissa , Marriott Rhonda 
Published: July 2019

ObjectiveThis study examines the scale of maternal mental health related contacts among Australian Aboriginal children over time, and associations with socio-economic characteristics, geographical remoteness and maternal age.DesignA retrospective cohort study of the prevalence of maternal mental health related contacts among Aboriginal children born in Western Australia between 1990 and 2013.SettingPopulation of Western Australia with de-identified linked administrative data from the Western Australian Department of Health.ParticipantsAll Aboriginal children born in Western Australia between 1990 and 2013 and their mothers.Primary outcome measurePrevalence of maternal mental health related contacts among Aboriginal children born between 1990 and 2013. Mental health related contacts were identified using mental health related inpatient hospitalisations and outpatient contacts.ResultsAlmost 30% of cohort children were born to a mother with at least one mental health contact in the 5 years prior to birth, with 15% reported in the year prior to birth and the year post birth. There was a distinct increase in the prevalence of maternal mental health contacts between 1990 and 2013 (4–5% per year, with a peak in 2007). Maternal mental health contacts were associated with living in more disadvantaged areas and major cities, and having a mother aged over 20 years at birth.ConclusionsThe study affirms that mental health issues place a considerable burden on Aboriginal Australia, and suggests that many of the mental health issues that women develop earlier in life are chronic at the time of conception, during pregnancy and at birth. Early intervention and support for women in the earliest stages of family planning are required to alleviate the burden of mental health problems at birth and after birth. There is a clear need for policies on the development of a holistic healthcare model, with a multisector approach, offering culturally appropriate services for Aboriginal people.
Mental health of UK Members of Parliament in the House of Commons: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Poulter Daniel , Votruba Nicole , Bakolis Ioannis , Debell Frances , Das-Munshi Jayati , Thornicroft Graham 
Published: July 2019

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to assess (1) the overall mental health of Members of Parliament (MPs) and (2) awareness among MPs of the mental health support services available to them in Parliament.DesignAn anonymous self-completed online cross-sectional survey was conducted in December 2016.Setting56th UK House of Commons.ParticipantsAll 650 members of the 56th UK House of Commons were invited to participate; 146 MPs (23%) completed the survey.OutcomesThe General Health Questionnaire-12 was used to assess age- and sex-standardised prevalence of probable common mental disorders (CMD). Results were compared with a nationally representative survey, the Health Survey for England (HSE) 2014. Core demographic questions, MPs’ awareness of available mental health services, their willingness to discuss mental health issues with party Whips and fellow MPs and the effects of employment outside Parliament were assessed.ResultsComparison of MP respondents with HSE comparator groups found that MPs have higher rates of mental health problems (age- and sex-standardised prevalence of probable CMD in 49 surveyed MPs 34% (95% CI 27% to 42%) versus 17% (95% CI 13% to 21%) in the high-income comparison group). Survey respondents were younger, more likely to be female and more educated compared with all MPs. 77% of MPs (n=112) did not know how to access in-house mental health support. 52% (n=76) would not discuss their mental health with party Whips or other MPs (48%; n=70).ConclusionsMPs in the study sample had higher rates of mental health problems than rates seen in the whole English population or comparable occupational groups. Most surveyed MPs are unaware of mental health support services or how to access them. Our findings represent a relatively small sample of MPs. There is a need for MPs to have better awareness of, and access to, mental health support.
Labour room violence in Uttar Pradesh, India: evidence from longitudinal study of pregnancy and childbirth
Authors: Goli Srinivas , Ganguly Dibyasree , Chakravorty Swastika , Siddiqui Mohammad Zahid , Ram Harchand , Rammohan Anu , Acharya Sanghmitra Sheel 
Published: July 2019

ObjectivesThe major objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of labour room violence (LRV) (one of the forms of obstetric violence) faced by the women during the time of delivery in Uttar Pradesh (UP) (the largest populous state of India which is also considered to be a microcosm of India). Furthermore, this study also analyses the association between prevalence of obstetric violence and socioeconomic characteristics of the respondents.DesignThe study was longitudinal in design with the first visit to women made at the time of first trimester. The second visit was made at the time of second trimester and the last visit was made after the delivery. However, we have continuously tracked women over phone to keep record of developments and adverse consequences.SettingsUrban and rural areas of UP, India.ParticipantsSample of 504 pregnant women was systematically selected from the Integrated Child Development Scheme Register of pregnant women.OutcomeWe aimed to assess the levels and determinants of LRV using data collected from 504 pregnant women in a longitudinal survey conducted in UP, India. The dataset comprised three waves of survey from the inception of pregnancy to childbirth and postnatal care. Logistic regression model has been used to assess the association between prevalence of LRV faced by the women at the time of delivery and their background characteristics.ResultAbout 15.12% of women are facing LRV in UP, India. Results from logistic regression model (OR) show that LRV is higher among Muslim women (OR 1.8, 95% CI 0.7 to 4.3) relative to Hindu women (OR 1). The prevalence of LRV is higher among lower castes relative to general category, and is higher among those women who have no mass media exposure (OR 4.7, 95% CI 1.7 to 12.8) compared with those who have (OR 1).ConclusionIn comparison with global evidence, the level of LRV in India is high. Women from socially disadvantaged communities are facing higher LRV than their counterparts.
Flow diverters as a scaffold for treating direct carotid cavernous fistulas
Authors: Baranoski Jacob F , Ducruet Andrew F , Przbylowski Colin J , Almefty Rami O , Ding Dale , Catapano Joshua S , Brigeman Scott , Fredrickson Vance L , Cavalcanti Daniel D , Albuquerque Felipe C 
Published: July 2019

BackgroundDirect carotid–cavernous sinus fistulas (dCCFs) are high flow arteriovenous shunts between the internal carotid artery and the cavernous sinus. Recently, we have used the pipeline embolization device (PED) to treat dCCFs.MethodsWe describe our experience treating patients with dCCFs in whom the PED was placed as the primary treatment modality.ResultsFive patients with dCCFs were treated with PEDs deployed in the ipsilateral internal carotid artery spanning the fistula. All patients also underwent either adjunctive transvenous or transarterial embolization. The PED served both as the primary treatment modality and as a scaffold that facilitated safe and efficacious transvenous embolysate administration by altering the flow dynamics through the fistula and providing a physical barrier that protected the internal carotid artery. No intraoperative or perioperative complications occurred. One of the five patients exhibited complete angiographic resolution of the fistula immediately after the procedure. The remaining four patients experienced complete obliteration of the fistula without additional treatment, which suggests that the PED induced alteration promoted thrombosis of the fistula. Therefore, 100% of patients in this series exhibited complete and durable obliteration of the fistula and complete resolution of symptoms following treatment.ConclusionsWe believe that use of the PED to treat dCCFs may be a safe and efficacious strategy that facilitates parent vessel protection during transvenous embolization. Furthermore, the flow alterations induced by the PED may promote thrombosis of incompletely occluded fistulas. This is the largest reported series of non-iatrogenic dCCFs treated with use of the PED as the primary initial treatment strategy.
Physical Activity Plus Energy Restriction Prevents 4T1.2 Mammary Tumor Progression, MDSC Accumulation, and an Immunosuppressive Tumor Microenvironment
Authors: Turbitt William J. , Xu Yitong , Sosnoski Donna M. , Collins Shawntawnee D. , Meng Huicui , Mastro Andrea M. , Rogers Connie J. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Physical activity and the prevention of weight gain decrease breast cancer incidence and improve survival. Unraveling the biological mechanisms underlying these cancer prevention effects is difficult because activity and dietary restriction are often linked. The goal of this study was to determine whether physical activity (PA), preventing weight gain via energy restriction (ER), or the combination was most effective in delaying tumor growth, reducing metastatic progression, and improving survival in the 4T1.2 mammary tumor model. Furthermore, we determined whether any of these interventions prevented the expansion of protumor immunosuppressive cells and altered the tumor microenvironment (TME). Female BALB/c mice (n = 7–20/group) were randomized to sedentary (SED) or PA wheel cages and fed ad libitum (AL) or 90% of control food intake (ER). After 8 weeks on the interventions, mice were inoculated with 5 × 104 4T1.2luc cells into the 4th mammary fat pad and continued on their respective intervention. PA+ER significantly delayed primary tumor growth (final tumor volume, 0.193 ± 0.042 vs. 0.369 ± 0.049 cm3, P &lt; 0.001), reduced metastatic burden in the lungs (0.72 ± 0.36 vs. 16.27 ± 6.98, P = 0.054) and increased survival (median survival, 68 vs 40 days, P = 0.043) compared with SED+AL mice. PA+ER also reduced the expression level of metastatic and immunosuppressive genes and resulted in favorable changes in immune cell infiltrates in the tumor. These data suggest that both PA and ER are needed to reduce tumor growth, delay metastatic progression, and improve survival, and that this protection is associated with changes in immune-mediated mechanisms.
Proteomic Analysis of Plasma Reveals Fat Mass Influences Cancer-Related Pathways in Healthy Humans Fed Controlled Diets Differing in Glycemic Load
Authors: Garrison Carly B. , Zhang Yuzheng , Navarro Sandi L. , Randolph Timothy W. , Hullar Meredith A.J. , Kratz Mario , Neuhouser Marian L. , Raftery Daniel , Lampe Paul D. , Lampe Johanna W. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIncreased adiposity and diets high in glycemic load (GL) are associated with increased risk of many chronic diseases including cancer. Using plasma from 80 healthy individuals [40 men/40 women, 29 with DXA-derived low fat mass (FM) and 51 with high FM] in a randomized cross-over–controlled feeding trial and arrays populated with 3,504 antibodies, we measured plasma proteins collected at baseline and end of each of two 28-day controlled diets: a low GL diet high in whole grains, legumes, fruits, and vegetables (WG) and a high GL diet high in refined grains and added sugars (RG). Following univariate testing for proteins differing by diet, we evaluated pathway-level involvement. Among all 80 participants, 172 proteins were identified as differing between diets. Stratifying participants by high and low FM identified 221 and 266 proteins, respectively, as differing between diets (unadjusted P &lt; 0.05). These candidate proteins were tested for overrepresentation in Reactome pathways, corresponding to 142 (of 291) pathways in the high-FM group and 72 (of 274) pathways in the low-FM group. We observed that the cancer-related pathways, DNA Repair, DNA Replication, and Cell Cycle, were overrepresented in the high-FM participants while pathways involved in post-translational protein modification were overrepresented in participants with either FM. Although high-GL diets are associated with increased risk of some cancers, our study further suggests that biology associated with consumption of GL diets is variable depending on an individual's adiposity and dietary recommendations related to cancer prevention be made with the additional consideration of an individual's FM.
The Relevance of Family History Taking in the Detection and Management of Birt-Hogg-Dubé Syndrome
Authors: Torricelli Elena , Occhipinti Mariaelena , Cavigli Edoardo , Tancredi Giorgia , Rosi Elisabetta , Rossi Cesare , Bonaguro Michela , Candita Luisa , Papi Laura , Novelli Luca , Bezzi Michela , Bargagli Elena , Voltolini Luca , Pistolesi Massimo 
Published: July 2019

Background: Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome (BHDS) is a rare autosomal-dominant inherited disorder characterized by inactivation of the gene Folliculin (FLCN), pulmonary cysts with recurrent spontaneous pneumothorax, dermatological lesions, and an increased risk of developing renal malignancies. Objectives: We aimed to investigate the real prevalence of BHDS and its prevalence among patients with a familial history of pneumothorax. Methods: From July 2014 to December 2016, we consecutively studied all patients with spontaneous pneumothorax and a positive family history for the same condition referring to our Institution. The suspicious cases underwent genetic analysis of the BHDS-causative gene FLCN. FLCN-positive cases were further evaluated with routine blood tests, chest radiography, chest CT, abdominal MRI, and dermatological evaluation. Results: Among 114 patients admitted with spontaneous pneumothorax, 7 patients had a family history of pneumothorax, and 6/7 (85.7%) patients had positive genetic test for FLCN as well as 7/13 family members. Pulmonary cysts were found in all patients with a FLCN-positive genetic test. Most patients (10/13, 76.9%) had tiny pulmonary cysts less than 1 cm in diameter. The vast majority of cysts were intraparenchymal (12/13, 92.3%) and located in lower lobes. Dermatological lesions were found in 7/13 (54%) patients, renal cysts in 4/13 (31%) patients, and renal cancer in 1 (1/13, 7.7%) patient. Conclusions: Although BHDS is considered a rare disease, BHDS underlies spontaneous pneumothorax more often than usually believed, especially whenever a family history of pneumothorax is present. Diagnosis of BHDS is essential to start monitoring patients for the risk of developing renal malignancies.
Special Focus on Stage IV Cervical Cancer Patients: A Decade Experience
Authors: Espenel Sophie , Garcia Max Adrien , Langrand-Escure Julien , Vallard Alexis , Trone Jane Chloé , Rancoule Chloé , Vial Nicolas , Moreno-Acosta Pablo , Chauleur Céline , Boutet Claire , Peoc&apos;h Michel , Prevot-Bitot Nathalie , Guy Jean Baptiste , Magné Nicolas 
Published: July 2019

<b><i>Objectives:</i></b> The aim of this study was to identify and compare prognostic factors, management strategies, and outcomes of very locally advanced cervical cancer (CC) (i.e., stage IVA) and metastatic CC (i.e., stage IVB). <b><i>Method:</i></b> A retrospective review was conducted based on all consecutive patients treated<b><i></i></b>for stage IV CC in a comprehensive cancer care centre between 2004 and 2017. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Sixty-eight patients were included. Performance status (PS) was ≥2 for 35.9%. Median age at diagnosis was 60.5. There were 24 stage IVA CC (35.3%) and 44 stage IVB CC (64.7%). Seventeen patients with stage IVB CC had only para-aortic lymph node metastases (38.6%), 13 had only distant metastases (29.5%), and 14 had both (31.8%). Patients with stage IVA CC experienced a radiotherapy with curative intent (<i>n</i> = 14, 58.3%) +/– concomitant chemotherapy, or a palliative treatment (<i>n</i> = 10, 41.7%). Twenty-three patients with stage IVB CC received a prior chemotherapy (52.3%), 11 a primary concomitant chemoradiation (25%), and 10 a palliative treatment (22.7%). The mean follow-up was 18.0 months. The 5-year overall survival was 5.1% for stage IVA (95% CI = 0.7–33.9), and 10.5% for stage IVB (95% CI = 3.7–29.7). In multivariate analysis, PS &#x3e;1 was identified as a poor prognostic factor of disease-specific survival for stage IVA CC. PS &#x3e;1 and pelvic lymph node involvement were identified as poor prognostic factors of overall survival and disease-specific survival for stage IVB CC. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> In daily clinical practice, outcomes of stages IV CC are poor. Treatment of advanced and metastatic CC remains challenging. New management strategies are needed, as well as efficient preventive strategies.
Shaping Rollable Display Devices: Effects of Gripping Condition, Device Thickness, and Hand Length on Bimanual Perceived Grip Comfort
Authors: Lee Songil , Kyung Gyouhyung , Kim Minjoong , Choi Donghee , Choi Hyeeun , Hwang Kitae , Park Seonghyeok , Kim Su Young , Lee Seungbae 
Published: July 2019

Objective To examine the effects of the gripping condition, device thickness, and hand length on bimanual perceived grip comfort associated with unrolling hand-held rollable screens. Background Rollable displays can be rolled and unrolled to change screen size. Although diverse rollable display device concepts have been suggested, little is known regarding ergonomic forms for comfortable screen unrolling. Method Thirty young individuals (10 in each hand-length group) evaluated three rollable display device prototypes in three gripping conditions (no restriction on using side bezels, minimal use of side bezels, and restriction on the gripping type). Prototypes differed in their right-side thickness (2, 6, and 10 mm). Side bezel regions grasped during screen unrolling and corresponding bimanual grip comfort ratings were obtained. Results To improve perceived grip comfort and accommodate user-preferred gripping methods, rollable display devices should be 6 mm (preferably 10 mm) thick (vs. 2 mm) and have at least 20-mm-wide side bezels. Relative to device thickness, gripping conditions were more influential on grip comfort ratings. The “no restriction” condition improved grip comfort ratings and strengthened bimanual coupling in terms of grip comfort ratings. Conclusion Contrary to current smartphone trends toward thinner and bezel-less designs, hand-held rollable display devices should be sufficiently thick and have sufficiently wide side bezels for screen unrolling. Application Hand-held rollable display devices should be 6- or preferably 10-mm thick (vs. 2 mm) and have at least 20-mm-wide side bezels to ensure higher perceived grip comfort during bilateral screen unrolling.
Temporal evolution of cerebral computed tomography perfusion after acute subarachnoid hemorrhage: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Fragata Isabel , Alves Marta , Papoila Ana Luísa , Diogo Mariana , Canhão Patrícia , Canto-Moreira Nuno 
Published: July 2019

Background Changes in cerebral perfusion occur in subarachnoid hemorrhage that possibly relate to clinical presentation and complications. Purpose To evaluate changes in computed tomography perfusion (CTP) parameters between the acute and subacute stage of subarachnoid hemorrhage. To analyze correlation of these parameters to SAH severity and delayed cerebral ischemia. Material and Methods Cerebral CT perfusion was assessed in a prospective cohort of 44 patients with acute subarachnoid hemorrhage at < 72 h (CTP1) and 8–10 days (CTP2), using the mean of all regions of interest. Regions of interest were located at arterial territories of the anterior, middle, and posterior cerebral artery and basal ganglia and midpons cerebellar hemispheres. Linear regression models (univariable and multivariable) were used to explore the association between changes in perfusion parameters (absolute and relative differences) and relevant clinical data. Results Worse perfusion parameters on the first 72 h were correlated with poor admission clinical scores: cerebral blood flow positively correlated with Glasgow Coma Scale (rS = 0.398, P = 0.008), and negatively correlated with Hunt & Hess scale (rS = −0.348, P = 0.020) and World Federation of Neurosurgeons scale (rS = −0.384, P = 0.010). Cerebral blood volume positively correlated with Glasgow Coma Scale (rS = 0.332, P = 0.028) and negatively correlated with World Federation of Neurosurgeons scale (rS = −0.353, P = 0.019). Mean transit time negatively correlated with Glasgow Coma Scale (rS = −0.415, P = 0.005) and positively correlated with Hunt & Hess scale (rS = 0.471, P = 0.001) and World Federation of Neurosurgeons scale (rS = 0.386, P = 0.010) scores. There were no differences between absolute CTP1/CTP2 parameters. Patients with delayed cerebral ischemia had ΔTmax mean decrease of 2.08 s (95% CI = −4.04–−0.12; P = 0.038). Conclusion Early cerebral hypoperfusion correlates with poor clinical grade at admission in subarachnoid hemorrhage and with higher amounts of blood. Tmax was decreased at 8–10 days, in patients with delayed cerebral ischemia, which may favor the application value of Tmax in signaling delayed cerebral ischemia.
MicroRNA-145-5p promotes asthma pathogenesis by inhibiting kinesin family member 3A expression in mouse airway epithelial cells
Authors: Xiong Tao , Du Ying , Fu Zhou , Geng Gang 
Published: July 2019

Background MicroRNA (miR)-145-5p is a respiratory disease biomarker, and is upregulated in asthma pathogenesis. However, its underlying mechanisms were unclear, so were investigated in the present study. Methods A mouse model of asthma was established by challenge with house dust mite (HDM) extract. An miR-145-5p antagomir was administered nasally and expression of kinesin family member 3A (KIF3A) and miR-145-5p was measured by immunohistochemistry, PCR, and western blot. Eosinophils in lavage fluid and levels of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, and IL-13 were quantified. Airway hyper-responsiveness was measured and KIF3A expression was tested following miR-145-5p overexpression or interference in the 16HBE14o- airway epithelial cell line. The effects of miR-145-5p and KIF3A co-transfection in 16HBE14o- cells were examined on cytokine release, epithelial barrier dysfunction, and epithelial repair in HDM-exposed cells. Results KIF3A downregulation and miR-145-5p upregulation were noted in airway epithelial cells of HDM-exposed asthmatic mice, while miR-145-5p antagonism significantly improved symptoms. MiR-145-5p promoted the HDM-induced release of chemokines and inflammatory factors and epithelial barrier dysfunction, and suppressed epithelial repair by directly targeting KIF3A. Conclusion miR-145-5p influenced HDM-induced epithelial cytokine release and epithelial barrier dysfunction via regulating KIF3 expression. It also affected epithelial repair, exacerbating the HDM-induced T helper 2-type immune response in mice.