bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Short Communication: A comparative study of phenotypes and starch production in sago palm (Metroxylon sagu) growing naturally in temporarily inundated and non inundated areas of South Sorong, Indonesia
Authors: YATER TOMAS , TUBUR HERMAN WAFOM , MELIALA CIPTA , ABBAS BARAHIMA 
Published: March 2019

Abstract. Yater T, Tubur HW, Meliala C, Abbas B. 2019. Short Communication: A comparative study of phenotypes and starch production in sago palm (Metroxylon sagu) growing naturally in temporarily inundated and non-inundated areas of South Sorong, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 1121-1126. Sago palm forests and sago palm semi cultivation are generally spread in swampy areas, seasonally inundated areas and non-inundated areas. The objectives of this study are to determine and compare the phenotypes of and starch production by sago palms growing naturally in the temporarily inundated areas (TIA type) and non-inundated areas (WIA type) in South Sorong District, West Papua Province, Indonesia. Sago palms of both habitats were found to be the same variety based on analysis of vernacular names and general characteristics. Comparison of morphological characters related to starch production of TIA and WIA types showed that there were no significant differences between the two studied types. The distribution of starch along the sago trunk was observed to be uneven, higher starch accumulation was found in the middle part of the trunk which was significantly different from the lower and upper parts of the trunk.
Creating mathematics formative assessments using LaTeX, PDF forms and computer algebra
Authors: Herbert Katherine , Demskoi Dmitry , Cullis Kerrie 
Published: March 2019

Formative assessment benefits both students and teaching academics. In particular, formative assessment in mathematics subjects enables both students and teaching academics to assess individual performance and understanding through students’ responses. Over the last decade, educational technologies and learning management systems (LMSs) are used to support formative assessment design. In mathematics, this is problematic because of the inflexibility of LMS and educational technology tools. Automating formative assessment generation and marking to support mathematics learning is made possible by utilising specific software and technologies in new ways. This paper proposes a new method of creating mathematics formative assessments using LaTeX and PDF forms in conjunction with a computer algebra system (e.g., Maple), independent of an LMS. This method is implemented in undergraduate mathematics subjects servicing non-mathematics–focused higher education courses. The method generates individualised assessments that are automatically marked. Results show that the method provides the teaching academic with a more efficient way of designing formative mathematics assessments without compromising the effectiveness of the assessment task. This study contributes to the growing research on mathematics in higher education. The implication is an increased understanding of how existing technology, implemented in new ways, can potentially benefit both mathematics students and teaching academics.
Lactate overload inhibits myogenic activity in C2C12 myotubes
Authors: Oh Sarah Se-Jung , Kim Sujin , Moon Sohee , Park Dong-Ho , Kang Ju-Hee 
Published: March 2019

AbstractLactate (LA), an endogenous metabolite produced from pyruvate, can accumulate in skeletal muscle in certain conditions including major diseases, as well as during intensive exercise. Using differentiated C2C12 myotubes, we evaluated the early (1-h) and delayed (24-h) effects of LA (8 mM) on mechanisms involved in myogenesis or muscle atrophy, including 5'-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-mediated inhibition of protein synthesis through the mTOR/P70-S6K pathway, Akt-mediated inhibition of expression of the MAFbx atrophic factor by FOXO3a and expression of the myogenic transcription factors, MyoD, myogenin and myosin heavy chain. Although the early effects of LA overload were not significant on myogenic or atrophic mechanisms, LA treatment for 24 h significantly activated atrophic mechanisms but suppressed myogenesis in myotubes. In addition, LA overload for 24 h significantly suppressed the expression of Sirtuin 1 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha. Consistent with LA-induced activation of atrophic mechanisms, the diameter of C2C12 myotubes treated with LA for 24 h, but not for 1 h, was significantly lower than in control myotubes. Thus, a sustained, but not a transient, LA overload could induce muscle atrophy through the regulation of AMPK- and Akt-mediated pathways, although further in vivo studies are needed to confirm this.
Improving the Detection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma using serum AFP expression in combination with GPC3 and micro-RNA miR-122 expression
Authors: Li Jian , Qiyu Sun , Wang Tiezheng , Jin Boxun , Li Ning 
Published: March 2019

AbstractEarly diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) greatly improves the survival and prognosisfor patients. In this study weevaluate the diagnostic promise of combining serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) expression with two potential biomarkers, serum glypican-3 (GPC3) and expression of the micro-RNA miR-122 for hepatitis C virus (HCV) related early-stage HCC. For this study serum samples from 47 patients with early-stage HCC, 54 chronic HCV (CH) carriers, 35 patients with liver cirrhosis (LC) and 54 health controls (HC) were collected. In addition to routine laboratory investigations, serum AFP, GPC3 and miR-122 were measured in all patients and healthy controls. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to present sensitivity and specificity for the biomarkers. The three markers were all significantly elevated in the serum samples from HCC patients. ROC curves showed the three markers had similar diagnostic capacities for distinguishing early-stage HCC from HCV-positive controls (LC + CH). In order to distinguish early-stage HCC from high-risk LC patients, the expression of miR-122 was superior to GPC3. Combination of the three markers as a panel showed a better diagnostic performance than any of the single markers (P <0.05). Overall, this study revealed that serum expression of GPC3 and miR-122 may be useful biomarkers to combine with serum AFP expression for the diagnosis of HCV related early-stage HCC.
Higher Order Mixed FEM for the Obstacle Problem of the p-Laplace Equation Using Biorthogonal Systems
Authors: Banz Lothar , Lamichhane Bishnu P. , Stephan Ernst P. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
We consider a mixed finite element method for an obstacle problem with the p-Laplace differential operator for

p
∈

(
1
,
∞
)

{p\in(1,\infty)}

,
where the obstacle condition is imposed by using a Lagrange multiplier. In the discrete setting the Lagrange multiplier basis forms a biorthogonal system with the standard finite element basis so that
the variational inequality can be realized in the point-wise form.
We provide a general a posteriori error estimate for adaptivity and prove an a priori error estimate.
We present numerical results for the adaptive scheme (mesh-size adaptivity with and without polynomial degree adaptation) for the singular case

p
=
1.5

{p=1.5}

and the degenerated case

p
=
3

{p=3}

. We also present numerical results on the mesh independency and on the polynomial degree scaling of the discrete inf-sup constant when using biorthogonal basis functions for the dual variable defined on the same mesh with the same polynomial degree distribution.
Presentation of the Special Issue on Recent Advances in PDE: Theory, Computations and Applications
Authors: Nataraj Neela 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
This is an introduction to the first eight articles in this volume that contains the special issue on Recent Advances in PDE: Theory, Computations and Applications. These peer-reviewed articles address recent developments in the areas of convection-diffusion-reaction problems, stabilizability of control systems with application to Oseen problems, obstacle problems, multigrid methods for quad-curl problems and discontinuous Petrov–Galerkin methods for spectral approximations. Some of the contributors of these articles were plenary speakers of the conference organized in honor of the numerical analyst Professor Amiya Kumar Pani. The conference was organized to acknowledge his outstanding contribution for the growth of applied mathematics in India.
Petersson inner products of weight-one modular forms
Authors: Viazovska Maryna 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
In this paper we study the regularized Petersson product between a holomorphic theta series associated to a positive definite binary quadratic form and a weakly holomorphic weight-one modular form with integral Fourier coefficients. In [18], we proved that these Petersson products posses remarkable arithmetic properties. Namely, such a Petersson product is equal to the logarithm of a certain algebraic number lying in a ring class field associated to the binary quadratic form. A similar result was obtained independently using a different method by W. Duke and Y. Li [5]. The main result of this paper is an explicit factorization formula for the algebraic number obtained by exponentiating a Petersson product.
Group Membership and Parthood
Authors: Strohmaier David 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Despite having faced severe criticism in the past, mereological approaches to group ontology, which argue that groups are wholes and that groups members are parts, have recently managed a comeback. Authors such as Katherine Ritchie and Paul Sheehy have applied neo-Aristotelian mereology to groups, and Katherine Hawley has defended mereological approaches against the standard objections in the literature. The present paper develops the mereological approaches to group ontology further and proposes an analysis of group membership as parthood plus further restrictions. While all mereological accounts agree that group members are parts of the group, it has become clear that this analysis is insufficient. I discuss three proposals to develop the mereological analysis of group membership and then put forward a combined solution to the puzzle. According to my proposal, the members of a reading group are agents who are part of the group and have been designated to contribute to the group.
Engendering Constitutional Realization of Sustainable Development in Nigeria
Authors: Oniemola Peter , Tasie Oyinkan 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThis article examines the relevant provisions of the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 1999 (as amended) that appear to be in tune with the tenets of sustainable development, which has received much attention at both international and municipal levels. It was found that the relevant aspects of the Constitution on sustainable development are contained in Chapter Two of the Constitution under the fundamental objectives and directive principles of state policy, which include environmental, economic and social objectives. The constitution provides for their non-justifiability to the effect that the court shall not entertain any question on implementation of the objectives. Therefore, constitutional basis for sustainable development in Nigeria has been whittled down. It is contended that given the importance of sustainable development to the well-being of Nigerians and the future generations, it is expedient that the provisions of Chapter Two of the constitution relevant to sustainable development be made justiciable in Nigeria.
Rotátorköpeny-szakadás után kialakult zsíros degeneráció változása az ín rekonstrukcióját követően, 65 éves kor után
Authors: Sallai Imre , Weidl Márton , Szatmári Attila , Antal Imre , Skaliczki Gábor 
Published: March 2019

Abstract: Introduction: In the case of rotator cuff tears, the severity of the muscle atrophy and fatty degeneration has an effect on the success of the repair and on the functional outcome after surgery. Aim: The ability of regeneration reduces with ageing; therefore, the study examined the atrophy and the fatty degeneration after rotator cuff repair in patients over 65. Method: Eleven patients over 65 years of age were involved whose surgery was performed at the Department of Orthopaedics of Semmelweis University between 2012 and 2015. Their average age was 71.9 years and the average follow-up period was 39.9 months. Tear sizes were C1 in 3 cases, C2 in 3 cases, C3 in 4 cases, and C4 in 1 case. Each patient had magnetic resonance examination before and after the repair; the muscle atrophy and fatty degeneration were evaluated together with the type of the tear. Visual analogue scale and Constant score were used for the assessment of the pain and the shoulder function. Results: The average Constant score was 75 points. The occupancy ratio – referring to the severity of the atrophy – did not show significant improvement. The change in fatty degeneration and the atrophy were examined in different groups according to the size of the tears. In each group, the results showed progression. Conclusions: After rotator cuff repair in patients over 65, fatty degeneration and muscle atrophy also show progression. No significant relationship was found between the size of the tear and fatty degeneration or between the size of the tear and muscle atrophy. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(14): 533–539.
Choroideremia with Mutation in CHM Gene. Clinical Cases with Literature Review
Authors: Zolnikova I. V. , Milash S. V. , Kadyshev V. V. , Chernyak A. B. , Levina D. V. , Zinchenko R. A. , Egorova I. V. , Eremeeva E. A. , Rogova S. Y. 
Published: March 2019

The purpose: to describe clinical cases of choroideremia with mutation in CHM gene with molecular genetic verification of the diagnosis. Methods. Two relatives: a patient aged 33 and his mother’s sibs aged 39 with a rare hereditary retinal disease — choroideremia were examined. Patients’ full ophthalmic examination including autorefractometry, visual acuity testing with full correction, tonometry, biomicroscopy, fundus examination and photo as well as kinetic perimetry were performed. Electrophysiological examination included maximal electroretinogram (ERG), ERG to 30 Hz flicker and macular ERG (MERG) that were registered with electroretinograph MBN (Russia). Family anamnesis was studied. Genetic examination was performed for the verification of the diagnosis and pathologic gene molecular. Results. In 33-year-old patient advanced stage was diagnosed: best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was OU 0,9, visual field was constricted to 10 degrees in both eyes. High BCVA and subnormal MERG correlated with comparatively preserved foveal structure on OCT. There was the terminal stage of choroideremia: In 39 years old his mother’s sibs BCVA was 0,1 OU, constricted to 5 degrees in both eyes. Maximal ERG and ERG to 30 Hz flicker were nonrecordable. Low BCVA and nonrecordable MERG correlated with defected retinal layers and cystoids macular edema on OCT. In both patients we revealed previously described pathogenic variant of nucleotic sequence in 6 exon of CHM gene (chrX:85213886 G>A), causing nonsense-mutation (p.Arg267*, NM_000390.2) in hemizygous state. Conclusion. Etiopathogenetic approach in choroideremia diagnostics allows providing correct diagnosis, prevention and developing of new treatment methods considering etiological factor.
The Antibacterial Eye Ointments in the Treatment of Eyelids and Conjunctiva Acute and Chronic Diseases
Authors: Trubilin V. N. , Poluninа E. G. , Andzhelova D. V. , Kurenkov V. V. , Evstigneeva Yu. V. , Chinenova K. V. 
Published: March 2019

Currently, there are many studies on the effectiveness of ointment ophthalmological medicines. Ophthalmic ointments are unique because they have a multi-component action mechanism. On the one hand, the action of the medicinal substance itself is prolonged due to the ointment base, and on the other hand, due to the structural features of the conjunctival cavity mucosa, these medicinal substances are very rapidly absorbed. In the treatment of ocular surface pathology, including as meibomiitis, barley and chalazions, local therapy and ointment forms are preferred. The purpose of the study was the investigation the antibacterial eye ointment effectiveness of domestic production Oftocipro — a fluoroquinolone derivative for the treatment of acute and chronic eyelid and conjunctiva diseases. During the study patients were divided into 2 groups with acute and chronic inflammatory diseases of the eyelids and conjunctiva in the acute stage. It is known that chronic pathological processes are often stopped in longer periods. This fact was a prerequisite for assessing the effectiveness of Ontocipro with a comparative analysis of the dynamics of subjective (patient complaints) and objective (biomicroscopy, tear production tests) indicators characterizing the severity of the inflammatory process. The study has showed a high drug efficacy, when it is applied topically 3–4 times a day. The average time to relieve the inflammatory process was 3–7 days. The possibility of using the drug Oftocipro locally, when it is applied to the eyelid area, without affecting the conjunctival cavity, allows to minimize the impact area due to the ointment base and limit the risk of side effects in the form of a violation of the natural conjunctival microflora. Considering high level of tolerance and low allergenicity of the drug Oftotsipro, it can be recommended for widespread use for the treatment of acute and chronic blepharoconjunctivitis, barley and chalazion in the acute stage, as well as meibomiitis.
Hubungan berbagai faktor internal dan eksternal dengan keteraturan pemeriksaan antenatal
Authors: Putri Ira Marwati , Surjadi Lily Marliany 
Published: March 2019

LATAR BELAKANGAngka kematian ibu (AKI) di Indonesia masih tinggi, yaitu sebesar 305 per 100.000 kelahiran pada tahun 2015 dan merupakan nomor dua tertinggi di Asia. Untuk itu, pemerintah berupaya melakukan perbaikan, salah satunya dengan Safe Motherhood, salah satu komponennya adalah asuhan antanatal. Departemen Kesehatan mencanangkan minimal 4 kali pemeriksaan selama masa kehamilan, sekali pada trimester pertama, sekali pada trimester kedua dan dua kali pada trimester terakhir. Dengan asuhan antenatal yang baik, diharapkan ibu sehat melalui masa kehamilan dan persalinannya, sehingga AKI dapat diturunkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan berbagai faktor internal dan eksternal dengan keteraturan pemeriksaan antenatal.
METODEPenelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi adalah ibu hamil sehat yang memeriksakan kehamilan di Puskesmas Kebon Jeruk dan Puskesmas Tambora, tanpa penyulit kehamilan. Sampel diambil secara consecutive non random sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah kuesioner dan kemudian dianalisis dengan uji Chi square menggunakan program SPSS for Mac versi 20.0.
HASILDidapatkan total 121 sampel, dan dari faktor internal didapatkan kelompok terbanyak usia 20-35 tahun (75,2%), paritas < 2 orang (74,4%), memiliki pengetahuan kurang (63,6%) dan sikap negatif (57,9%). Untuk faktor eksternal didapatkan kelompok terbanyak dengan penghasilan di atas UMR (54,5%), waktu tempuh ke Puskesmas < 30 menit (57,9%), tidak bekerja (63,6%), dan mendapat dukungan suami (62%). Didapatkan hubungan yang bermakna antara faktor internal paritas (p=0,033), pengetahuan (p=0,000) dan sikap (p= 0,000) serta faktor eksternal penghasilan (p=0,000), waktu tempuh (p=0,015) dan dukungan suami (p= 0,000) dengan keteraturan melakukan kunjungan perawatan antenatal.
KESIMPULANTerdapat hubungan antara faktor internal (paritas, sikap dan pengetahuan) dan faktor eksternal (penghasilan, waktu tempuh dan dukungan suami) dengan keteraturan pemeriksaan antenatal.
On the Taylor Differentiability in Spaces L<sub>p</sub>, 0 < p ≤ ∞
Authors: Morozov Anatoly N. 
Published: March 2019

The function \(f\in L_p[I], \;p>0,\) is called \((k,p)\)-differentiable at a point \(x_0\in I\) if there exists an algebraic polynomial of \(\pi\) of degree no more than \(k\) for which holds \( \Vert f-\pi \Vert_{L_p[J_h]} = o(h^{k+\frac{1}{p}}), \) where \(\;J_h=[x_0-h; x_0+h]\cap I.\) At an internal point for \(k=1\) and \(p=\infty\) this is equivalent to the usual definition of the function differentiability. At an interior point for \(k=1\) and \(p=\infty\), the definition is equivalent to the usual differentiability of the function. There is a standard "hierarchy" for the existence of differentials(if \(p_1<p_2,\) then \((k,p_2)\)-differentiability should be \((k,p_1)\)-differentiability. In the works of S.N. Bernstein, A.P. Calderon and A. Zygmund were given applications of such a construction to build a description of functional spaces (\(p=\infty\)) and the study of local properties of solutions of differential equations \((1\le p\le\infty)\), respectively. This article is related to the first mentioned work. The article introduces the concept of uniform differentiability. We say that a function \(f\), \((k,p)\)-differentiable at all points of the segment \(I\), is uniformly \((k,p)\)-differentiable on \(I\) if for any number \(\varepsilon>0\) there is a number \(\delta>0\) such that for each point \(x\in I\) runs \( \Vert f-\pi\Vert_{L_p[J_h]}<\varepsilon\cdot h^{k+\frac{1}{p}} \; \) for \(0<h<\delta, \; J_h = [x\!-\!H; x\!+\!h]\cap I,\) where \(\pi\) is the polynomial of the terms of the \((k, p)\)-differentiability at the point \(x\). Based on the methods of local approximations of functions by algebraic polynomials it is shown that a uniform \((k,p)\)-differentiability of the function \(f\) at some \(1\le p\le\infty\) implies \(f\in C^k[I].\) Therefore, in this case the differentials are "equivalent". Since every function from \(C^k[I]\) is uniformly \((k,p)\)-differentiable on the interval \(I\) at \(1\le p\le\infty,\) we obtain a certain criterion of belonging to this space. The range \(0<p<1,\) obviously, can be included into the necessary condition the membership of the function \(C^k[I]\), but the sufficiency of Taylor differentiability in this range has not yet been fully proven.