bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diet quality and its relationship with body weight status and laboratory parameters in breast cancer patients undergoing treatment
Authors: LS Krystal Ng , Mun Chan Yoke , MS Zalilah 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background

To determine whether diet quality was associated with body weight status and laboratory parameters among breast cancer patients undergoing treatment.

Methods

A cross sectional study comprises of 169 patients was conducted from January to May 2017. Diet quality and level of physical activity of patients were ascertained using Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015 and International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ)-short form, respectively. Data were available on body mass index and biochemical data, including of serum albumin, serum hemoblogbin and neutrophils count. Logistic regression was performed to identify the association between diet quality with body weight status, serum albumin, serum hemoglobin and neutrophils count.

Results

The mean total HEI score (standard deviation) of the breast cancer patients was 63.86 (8.75). More than 80% of the subjects did not adhere to the dietary guidelines for whole grains, dairy, refined grains, ratio of poly- and mono-unsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids components. In the multivariate model, those who perceived higher score of total HEI-2015 were less likely to experience overweight (Q4 vs Q1: OR=0.36; 95% CI=0.13, 0.99) while reported higher concentration of serum hemoglobin (Q4 vs Q1: OR=0.36; 95% CI=0.13, 0.98; Q3 vs Q1: OR=0.35; 95% CI=0.13, 0.92). Non-significant associations of diet quality were shown for serum albumin and neutrophils count.

Conclusions

A majority of breast cancer patients require dietary modification, especially for fatty acids, grains and dairy products. A better diet quality was related with lower likelihood of overweight and low level of hemoglobin. Improving the quality of cancer care in breast cancer patients should emphasize on dietary intervention.
Sexual dysfunction in polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Loh Huai Heng , Yee Anne , Loh Huai Seng , Kanagasundram Sharmilla , Francis Benedict , Lim Lee-Ling 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background

Polycystic ovarian syndrome is a common disorder characterized by clinical or biochemical hyperandrogenism and ovulary dysfunction. Female sexual dysfunction can have adverse effects on quality of life and interpersonal relationship.

Methods

We conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the prevalence and severity of sexual dysfunction in women with PCOS.

Results

Compared to women without PCOS, those with PCOS were younger (28.90±3.11 versus 31.42±3.37 years; p<0.0001) and had higher body mass index (27.76±3.79 versus 24.95±3.71 kg/m2; p=0.002), Ferriman-Gallwey score (9.90±3.37 versus 4.11±2.17; p<0.0001) and serum total testosterone level (2.26±0.59 versus 1.51±0.49 nmol/L; p<0.0001). There was no significant difference in mean total FSFI score (25.72±2.33 versus 26.62±3.38; p=0.608) in women with and without PCOS. For the FSFI subscales, women with PCOS had a lower score for the pain subscale than women without PCOS (4.60±0.71 versus 5.24±0.39; p<0.001). Other subscales were not significantly different between the two groups. Women with PCOS had a 1.39 higher odds (95% CI 1.13, 1.72; p=0.002, I2 11.9%) of having FSD than women without PCOS.

Conclusion

FSD is a prevalent and disabling condition in young women with PCOS. Sensitive probing into the intimate aspects of their sex lives is needed to further understand the struggles that afflict women with PCOS. Parallel efforts should be undertaken to investigate the impact of new treatment strategies.
A Post-Method Condition Analysis of Using Ensemble Machine Learning for Cancer Prognosis and Diagnosis: a systematic review
Authors: Kavousi Kaveh , Mirsadeghi Leila , Hosseini Reza Haji , Banaei-Moghaddam Ali Mohammad , Beh-Afarin Seyed Reza 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background

Ensemble methods are supervised learning approaches that integrate different types of data or multiple individual classifiers. It has been shown that these methods can improve professional performance.

Methods

This study is an attempt to provide an in-depth review on 45 most relevant articles and aims to introduce 42 ensemble classifier (EC) machine learning methods used for the detection of 18 different types of cancer. Compared to other types of cancer, breast cancer, and the 22 ensemble methods introduced for its identification, is extensively investigated. The purpose of this study was to identify, map, and analyze the current academic discourse on EC machine learning methods in order to: 1. identify overarching themes emerging from empirical studies regarding EC methods, 2. determine their input data and decision-making strategies, and 3. evaluate relevant statistical procedures.

Results

By comparing various approaches, we can introduce Relevance Vector Machine (RVM)-based ensemble learning method that can provide optimal solutions for problems such as curse the dimensionality and high-dimensionality of feature space without missing data values.

Conclusions

To obtain robust performance and achieve better results, it is tactfully suggested to use multi-omics data integration, which has demonstrated to identify cancers and their subtypes more efficiently.
Sulforaphane Inhibits Self-renewal of Lung Cancer Stem Cells Through the Modulation of Polyhomeotic Homolog 3 and Sonic Hedgehog Signaling Pathways
Authors: Wang FanPing , Zhong Jiateng , Wang Shanshan , Qiao Caijuan , Li Xiangyang , Meng Li , Li Qianna , Wang Mingyong , Yan Chunxia 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background: Sulforaphane (SFN), an active compound in cruciferous vegetables has been characterized for its antiproliferative capacity. We investigated the role and molecular mechanism through which SFN regulates proliferation and self-renewal of lung cancer stem cells.
Methods: Lung cancer stem cells (CD133-positive cells) were isolated by MACs and then measured by flow cytometry. The ability of cell proliferation was assessed by MTT assays and tumorsphere formation assays. The expressions of Sonic Hedgehog (Shh), Smoothened (Smo), Gli1 and Human Polyhomeotic Homolog 3 (PHC3) in cells were measured by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and western blot assays. The expression of transcription factor SOX2 in lung cancer stem cells was also determined by western blot assay. Shh was knocked down by siRNA to further study the role of SFN and Shh signaling pathways in lung cancer.
Results: SFN inhibited the proliferation of lung cancer cells and lung cancer stem cells simultaneously. Meanwhile, we observed that Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) signaling pathway, SOX2 and Polyhomeotic Homolog 3 (PHC3) were highly activated in lung cancer stem cells. Knock-down of Shh led to reduced H460 and A549 cells proliferation. Furthermore, we observed that SFN inhibited the activity of PHC3 and SHH signaling pathways in the lung cancer stem cells. In addition, SFN combined with Knock-down of Shh gene showed a greater effect on the proliferation of lung cancer cells.
Conclusion: SFN is an effective new drug which can inhibit proliferation of lung cancer stem cells through the modulation of PHC3 and SHH signaling pathways. It provides a novel target for improving therapeutic efficacy for lung cancer stem cells.
Survival analysis of Rural Clinical School of Western Australia graduates: the long-term work of building a long-term rural medical workforce
Authors: Gupta Surabhi , Ngo Hanh , Burkitt Tessa , Puddey Ian , Playford Denese 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Abstract
Objective –Deficits in the size of the rural medical workforce is an international issue. In Australia, The Rural Clinical School intervention is effective for initial recruitment of rural doctors. However, the extent of retention is not yet established. This paper summarises rural retention over a 10-year period.
Methods –Rural Clinical School graduates of STATE NAME were surveyed annually, 2006-2015, and post Graduate Years (PGY) 3-12 included. Survival was described as “tours of service”, where a tour was either a period of ≥1 year, or a period of at ≥2 weeks, working rurally. A tour ended with a rural work gap of ≥52 weeks. Considering each exit from urban as an event, semi-parametric repeated measures survival models were fitted.
Results – Of 468 graduates, using the ≥2 weeks definition, 239 PGY3-12 graduates spent at least one tour rurally (average 61.1, CI 52.5 – 69.7 weeks), and a total length of 14,607 weeks. Based on the tour definition of ≥1 year, 120 graduates completed at least one tour (average 1.89, 1.69 – 2.10 years), and a total of 227 years’ rural work. For both definitions, the number of tours increased from one to four by PGY10/11, giving 17,786 total weeks (342 years) across all PGYs for the ≥2 weeks tour definition, and 256 years total for ≥1 year. Significantly more graduates exited from urban work for the 2007-09 middle cohort compared with 2010-11 (HR 1.876, p=0.022), but no significant difference between 2002-06 and 2010-11. Rural origin, age and gender were not statistically significant.
Conclusions – PGY3 – 12 RCS graduates contributed substantially to the rural workforce: 51% did so by short rotations, which have not previously been described, while 26% contributed whole years of service. There was an apparent peak in entry and retention for the middle cohort and decline thereafter, likely attributable to lack of rural advanced/specialist vocational training. These data indicate a real commitment to rural practice by RCS graduates, and the need for rural postgraduate vocational training in the rural context as a key element of a successful rural retention strategy.
Isolation and Identification of Streptococcus suis from sick pigs in Bali, Indonesia
Authors: Besung Nengah I. K. , Suarjana Gusti Ketut , Agustina Karang Kadek , Winaya Oka Ida Bagus , Soeharsono Hamong , Suwiti Ketut Ni , Mahardika Gusti Ngurah 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Objective
Streptococcus suis (S. suis) is a causative agent for various syndromes in pigs. It can be transmitted to humans with typical symptoms of meningitis and death. Data in Bali Referral Hospital showed more than 40 confirmed human cases of S. suis meningitis in 2014. Cases of S. suis infection in pigs have never been confirmed in the province. Here we provide evidence of the bacteria in sick pigs in that world tourist destination province.
Results
The S. suis was confirmed in eight out of 30 cases. Prominent histopathological lesions of confirmed cases were meningitis, endocarditis, pericarditis, bronchopneumonia, enteritis, and glomerulonephritis. The dominant inflammatory cells were neutrophils and macrophages. Further research is needed to understand the risk factor of human infection. Awareness of the community on the risk of contracting S. suis is needed to prevent human infections.
Multi-drug Resistant Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase Producing E. coli and Salmonella on Raw Vegetable Salads Served at Hotels and Restaurants in Bharatpur, Nepal
Authors: Sapkota Sanjeep , Adhikari Sanjib , Pandey Asmita , Khadka Sujan , Adhikari Madhuri , Kandel Hemraj , Pathak Sandhya , Pandey Asmita 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Objective
Antimicrobial resistance among the bacteria present in ready-to-eat foods like vegetable salads is an emerging concern today. The current study was undertaken to investigate the presence of multi-drug resistant extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producing E. coli and Salmonella spp. in raw vegetable salads served at hotels and restaurants in Bharatpur. A total of 216 salad samples were collected from three different grades of hotels and restaurants and examined for the presence of E. coli and Salmonella spp. in Microbiology laboratory of Birendra Multiple Campus by conventional microbiological techniques.
Results
Out of 216 samples, 66 samples (35.2%) showed the presence of Salmonella spp. whereas E. coli was recovered from 29(13.4%) samples of which 3 samples harbored E. coli O157: H7. Antibiotic susceptibility testing revealed that 9(13.6%) Salmonella and 4(13.8%) E. coli isolates were detected as multi-drug resistant. Total ESBL producers reported were 5(7.57%) Salmonella and 4(13.8%) E. coli. The study also assessed a significant association between occurrence of E. coli and Salmonella with different grades of hotels and restaurants, personal hygiene as well as with the literacy rate of chefs (p<0.05). The findings suggest an immediate need of attention by the concerned authorities to prevent food-borne infections and emerging antimicrobial resistance
Predictive risk factors of postoperative pneumonia after heart transplantation
Authors: Vidal Charles , Pasqualotto Romain , James Arthur , Dureau Pauline , Rasata Julie , Coutance Guillaume , Varnous Shaida , Leprince Pascal , Amour Julien , Bouglé Adrien 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background

Pneumonia is a frequent complication in patients undergoing heart transplantation (HTx) which increases morbidity and mortality in this population. Nevertheless, risk factors of postoperative pneumonia (POP) are still unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the predictive risk factors of POP in HTx recipients.

Materials and methods

In this retrospective study, all patients undergoing HTx between January 2014 and December 2015 were included. All POP occurring until hospital discharge were investigated. The primary end point was the risk factors of POP determined by a Cox model in uni- and multivariate analysis. Data are expressed in OR [95% CI]. P<0.05 was necessary to reject the null hypothesis.

Results

At all, 175 patients were included without any loss of follow-up and 89 POP were diagnosed in 59 (34%) patients. Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were mainly involved. In multivariate analysis, main risk factors were preoperative mechanical ventilation (OR 1.42[1.12-1.80], P<0.01) and perioperative blood transfusion (OR 1.42[IC95:1.20-1.70], P<0.01). Duration of mechanical ventilation, time of veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation weaning and length of stay in intensive care unit consistently increased the risk of POP which impacted the mortality at 30 days (Odd Ratio: 4[1.3 - 12.4], P=0.01) and 1 year (OR: 6.8[2.5-8.4], P<0.01). In sensitized recipients (53%), plasmapheresis exchanges and intravenous immunoglobulins did not increase the risk of POP.

Conclusion

After HTx, preoperative mechanical ventilation and blood transfusion appear as the main risk factors of POP, enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa being mainly involved.
Are Malaysian T2DM patients willing to be trained to speak to their offspring about risk of diabetes and preventive measures?
Authors: Badlishah-Sham Siti Fatimah , Ramli Anis Safura , Isa Mohamad Rodi , Mohd-Zaki Nurzakiah , Whitford David Leonard 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background: Offspring of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients have an absolute risk of 20-40% of developing the condition. Therefore, T2DM patients should be encouraged to speak to their offspring regarding diabetes risk and prevention strategies. The Health Belief Model (HBM) conceptualises that the higher the perceived risk, the more likely an individual will modify their behaviour. The objectives of this study were to i) determine the distribution of T2DM patients according to their willingness to accept training to speak to their offspring, ii) determine the distribution of T2DM patients according to their willingness to accept training based on the HBM and iii) to determine the factors associated with their willingness to accept training. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study amongst T2DM patients attending two primary care clinics in Malaysia. Data on socio-demography and knowledge of diabetes risk factors were collected. The adapted, translated and validated Diabetes Mellitus in the Offspring Questionnaire-Malay version (DMOQ-Malay) was self-administered. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics, univariate and multiple logistic regression (MLogR). Results: A total of 425 participants were recruited. Of these, 61.6% were willing to accept training. In MLogR, six variables were found to be significantly associated with willingness to accept training. These were i) positive family history (Adj. OR 2.06 (95% CI: 1.27, 3.35)), ii) having the correct knowledge that being overweight is a risk factor (Adj. OR 1.49 (95%CI: 1.01, 2.29)), iii) correctly identifying age of more than 40 years old as a risk factor (Adj. OR 1.88 (95%CI: 1.22, 2.90)), iv) agreeing that speaking to their offspring would help them to prevent T2DM (Adj. OR 4.34 (95%: 1.07, 17.73)), v) being neutral with the statement ‘I do not have much contact with my offspring’ (Adj. OR: 0.31 (95% CI: 0.12, 0.810)) and vi) being neutral with the statement ‘my offspring are not open to advice from me’ (Adj. OR: 0.63 (95% CI: 0.31, 0.84)). Conclusion: The majority of T2DM patients were willing to accept training to speak to their offspring to prevent diabetes. A training module should be designed to enhance their knowledge, attitude and skills to become family health educators.
Hyperuricemia is associated with progression of CKD: uric acid aggravates renal function
Authors: Fan Shulei , Zou Yang , Wang Amanda Y , Xu Mingjie , Li Guisen , Hong Daqing 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background: With the change of living standard and dietary structure, the incidence of hyperuricemia is on the rise. Hyperuricemia has become one of the metabolic diseases threatening human health. There is paucity of literature on the association between serum uric acid levels and the progression of CKD. This study aimed at assessing the effect of serum baseline uric acid level on the progression of CKD.
Methods: This retrospective study included 800 CKD patients in our center. The information on baseline and follow-up characteristics were collected from our Renal Treatment System (RTS) database. Cox regression analysis was used to evaluate the risk factors for CKD progression. The Kaplan–Meier analysis was used to test associations between serum uric acid levels and renal survival rates.
Results: A total of 800 patients were included in the study, and the mean age at entry was 36.6±14.4 years. There was no significant difference in gender distribution. The mean eGFR, Cr, serum uric acid at baseline were 99.23±31.54 ml/min/1.73㎡, 82.08±41.40 μmol/L, 371.60±103.18 μmol/L, respectively. 306 (38.3%) patients had HUA and 494 (61.7%) had non-HUA. We established different adjusted models and found that HUA was a risk factor for CKD patients to reach the composite endpoint after adjustment in six models. All models show that HUA was a risk factor for the progression of CKD. Among them, model 4 (adjusted for Cr + Alb + age + BP + gender) was the best model with the largest HR value (HR:2.010, 95%CI:1.310-3.084, P<0.05). The cumulative survival rate of non-hyperuricemia group was higher than that of hyperuricemia group (P<0.001).
Conclusions: Hyperuricemia was not only widespread in patients with CKD, but also a risk factor for the progression of CKD. Anti-hyperuricemia therapy may need to be considered in CKD patients to slow the disease progression, which needs to be tested further in clinical studies.

Key words: hyperuricemia, chronic kidney disease, renal function, progression
Musculoskeletal consequences in cyber-addicted students - Is it really a matter of health? A ROC curve analysis for prioritizing risk factors
Authors: Moghadam Rashid Heidari , Babamiri Mohammad , Ghasemi Fakhradin , Ghaffari Mohammad Ebrahim , Razie Mahdi , Bandehelahi Khadijeh , Mortezapour Alireza 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background

The high prevalence and also multiple consequences of addiction to various online content, including online games and social networks, have become a major challenge. The ability to predict musculoskeletal disorders from this addiction can help reveal in students' health status in the near future. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of this addiction and the ability to predict neck pain from this matter in students.

Methods

This study was carried out among 665 students. Data collection was performed through three questionnaires on problematic use of online games, social networking addiction, and Nordic musculoskeletal disorders. Data were compared with Chi-square and independent T-test, and the logistic regression model was then presented at a significant level of 0.05. Finally, the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and Discriminant analysis with SPSS and STATA software were conducted to clarify associations.

Results

The prevalence of Internet-related content addiction was 32.8%. The results showed that addiction to social networks and online games can increase the risk of neck disorder. Also 0.58 area under ROC curve depicted the ability to predict neck pain from this addiction.

Conclusions

In students with internet - related content addiction, neck disorder can be predicted. Given the high prevalence of internet addiction in students, it is essential to take immediate and appropriate interventions to avoid the associated adverse effects such as neck problems.
High-fat dietary consumption promotes disease progression in a surgical joint destabilisation murine model of osteoarthritis: role of systemic eicosanoids and circulating monocytes
Authors: Kozijn Anne Elisabeth , Visser HM de , Tartjiono MT , Casbas F , Ravipati S , Ham F van der , Bacardit J , Bouwman J , Mastbergen SC , Zuurmond AM , Barrett DA , Lafeber FPJ , Bobeldijk I , Stoop R , Mobasheri A , Weinans H 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background

In this study we investigated the contribution of high-fat diet-induced metabolic overload to osteoarthritis (OA) progression originally caused by mild mechanical trauma to the mouse knee joint. We hypothesized that metabolic stress would induce a proinflammatory environment by altering systemic lipid levels and immune cell populations.

Methods

Twelve-week-old male C57BL/6J mice (n=20) were given a low-fat diet (LFD, 10%kcal from fat) or high-fat diet (HFD, 45%kcal from fat) for 18 weeks. OA was initiated by transecting the medial meniscotibial ligament of the right knee joint at t=10 weeks. OA severity and changes in M1/M2 polarization of synovial macrophage populations were determined in serial coronal FFPE-mounted sections. Eicosanoid levels and monocyte populations were evaluated before and after ligament transection.

Results

Diet-induced metabolic stress assessed by body weight, systemic cholesterol levels, and insulin resistance index was significantly higher in HFD mice. This group also showed increased cartilage damage, synovitis, and osteophyte formation compared with LFD controls. High-fat feeding elevated systemic arachidonic acid levels, which mainly resulted in increased levels of its cytochrome P450-catalysed diol metabolites 5,6-dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acid (DHET) and 8,9-DHET. High-fat feeding also triggered an increase in pro-inflammatory intermediate CD43++Ly6Cint monocytes after ligament resection. Ligament resection in addition to high-fat feeding induced increased expression of the activation marker CD11c selectively on non-classical CD43++Ly6Clow monocytes. No significant changes in synovial macrophage polarization were observed.

Conclusions

Metabolic stress resulted in a proinflammatory environment and aggravated injury-induced OA progression. Our results suggest that a CYP450-focused eicosanoid metabolism and activated circulating monocytes may be drivers of this metabolic stress-induced OA progression, contributing to the mechanistic understanding and potentially serving as future diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for metabolic OA.