bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Developing a Data-Literate Workforce through BLUE: Biodiversity Literacy in Undergraduate Education
Authors: Ellwood Elizabeth R. , Monfils Anna , White Lisa , Linton Debra , Douglas Natalie , Phillips Molly 
Published: June 2019

The biodiversity sciences have experienced a rapid mobilization of data that has increased our capacity to investigate large-scale issues of critical importance (e.g., climate change and its impacts, zoonotic disease transmission, sustainable resource management, impacts of invasive species, and biodiversity loss). Several initiatives are underway to aggregate and mobilize these biodiversity, environmental, and ecological data resources (iDigBio, NEON, GBIF, iNaturalist, etc.). This requires a new set of skills for the 21st century biodiversity scientist; who is required to be fluent in integrative fields spanning evolutionary biology, systematics, ecology, geology, and environmental science and possess the quantitative, computational, and data skills to conduct research using large and complex datasets. The biodiversity science community has recognized a need to unite biodiversity and data sciences and improve data literacy in the emerging science workforce. The NSF-funded Biodiversity Literacy in Undergraduate Education (BLUE; biodiversityliteracy.com) is working to bridge a gap between efforts that currently exists to promote data literacy pre-college and professional development for those pursuing careers in biodiversity science. The BLUE network is developing strategies and materials to infuse biodiversity data into the core of the undergraduate science curriculum, facilitating broad-scale adoption of biodiversity data literacy competencies, and improving undergraduate biology training to meet increasing workforce demands in data and biodiversity sciences. The BLUE network has four major goals: 1) Cultivate a diverse and inclusive network of biodiversity researchers, data scientists, and biology educators focused on undergraduate data-centric biodiversity education; 2) build community consensus on core biodiversity data literacy competencies; 3) develop strategies and exemplar materials to guide the integration of biodiversity data literacy competencies into introductory undergraduate biology curricula; and 4) extend the network to engage a broader community of undergraduate educators in biodiversity data literacy efforts.
The BLUE community continues to grow and build new partnerships and initiatives across the biodiversity science community. In year two of the BLUE network we have been focusing efforts building the community, developing and disseminating exemplar educational materials, and defining core biodiversity data literacy skills and competencies. We will present our current and ongoing work and ways in which members of the biodiversity_next community can be involved in shaping the biodiversity science of the future, while addressing the needs of a changing planet.
Langue, identité et marque pays : la mise en scène de l’identité nationale. Analyse illustrée par une approche contrastive franco-danoise
Authors: Baron Irène , Herslund Michael 
Published: June 2019

L’article étudie le rôle méconnu du lexique dans la construction de l’identité nationale. Cette dernière tire, en effet, son origine de récits puisés dans l’histoire du pays. Or, de tels récits présupposent le langage pour leur élaboration et leur diffusion. C’est donc la langue commune (nationale) qui va leur fournir les concepts-clés et leur conférer leur spécificité. Le rôle déterminant du lexique comme système de conceptualisation se retrouve dans la présentation de la nation à l’étranger (le nation branding ou « marque pays »), qui n’est autre que la mise en scène de l’identité nationale articulée à partir des mots de la langue. L’analyse est illustrée par une approche comparative franco-danoise.
État des lieux de la recherche sur le français en Afrique
Authors: Béatrice Boutin Akissi 
Published: June 2019

Depuis les premières études sur le français en Afrique, dont le but était surtout didactique durant la première période postcoloniale, les intérêts de recherche se sont différenciés dans chaque pays, selon les besoins et l’évolution du français, eux-mêmes dépendants des rapports avec cette langue. Néanmoins, jusqu’au début des années 2000, les cadres dominants en linguistique descriptive, sociolinguistique et linguistique du contact sont ceux élaborés par les chercheurs français en collaboration avec des chercheurs africains ou remaniés à partir de modèles américains grâce aux terrains africains. Depuis quelques années, l’apport des études africaines est original et particulièrement avantageux pour la linguistique générale : études fines et contextualisées du fonctionnement langagier, travaux sur les parlers des jeunes et le français métissé, recherches-actions qui associent français et langues africaines pour le développement.
« Je ne veux pas détruire la société norvégienne en introduisant le français. » Le français mis en récits par des migrants congolais en Norvège
Authors: Bordal Steien Guri 
Published: June 2019

Dans cet article, j’explore les expériences de la langue française vécues par des migrants de République démocratique du Congo installés en Norvège. L’objectif est de relier l’objet « les français d’Afrique » à la sociolinguistique des migrations. Mon approche est émique et biographique et à travers une analyse de récits, je m’efforce de mettre en avant ce que le français représente pour ces personnes. Les récits indiquent que le français indexe pour elles des inégalités sociales et, à plusieurs reprises, elles évoquent des conséquences néfastes de sa présence au Congo. En Norvège, elles n’ont pas vécu le fait de parler français comme un avantage ; le français est ainsi construit comme une ressource à mobilité restreinte.
Prendre en compte le territoire dans la prévention des risques professionnels. Le cas du travail de tri des emballages ménagers
Authors: Boudra Leïla , Béguin Pascal , Delecroix Bertrand , Pueyo Valérie 
Published: June 2019

Les enjeux de durabilité environnementale conduisent à l’apparition de nouveaux secteurs économiques (« green business ») qui appellent au développement de champs d’action originaux pour la prévention des risques professionnels, si l’on souhaite contribuer simultanément aux trois piliers du développement durable (économique, environnemental et social). C’est dans cette perspective qu’un travail de recherche mené sur la prévention des risques professionnels dans le secteur du tri des déchets d’emballages ménagers nous conduit à questionner les liens entre territoire, travail et prévention. Cette recherche, menée dans cinq centres de tri des déchets, montre en effet que le territoire est une dimension structurante du travail de tri car le déchet est un objet territorialisé. Se posent alors des questions relatives d’une part au couplage entre les dynamiques de gestion des déchets au sein du territoire et les caractéristiques du travail de tri au sein des centres de tri ; et d’autre part au maintien de ce couplage dans le temps. On montre en particulier qu’une évolution nationale des consignes de tri des emballages en plastique a modifié l’articulation entre les cinq centres de tri et leur territoire, avec des conséquences sur les individus et sur l’efficacité du système. Sur cette base, deux orientations pour la prévention sont identifiées et discutées dans l’article. La première orientation interroge la conception des centres de tri au regard de leurs capacités à absorber les (inévitables) évolutions au sein du territoire du centre de tri. La seconde orientation interroge le périmètre des dynamiques collectives et sociales de la prévention : dans le secteur du tri des déchets, la prévention doit s’étendre hors des frontières de l’entreprise pour atteindre une nouvelle échelle, celle du territoire. s+
ER3D: a structural and geophysical 3-D model of central Emilia-Romagna (northern Italy) for numerical simulation of earthquake ground motion
Authors: Klin Peter , Laurenzano Giovanna , Romano Maria Adelaide , Priolo Enrico , Martelli Luca 
Published: June 2019

Abstract. During the
2012 seismic sequence of the Emilia region (northern Italy),
the earthquake ground motion in the epicentral area featured longer duration and higher velocity
than those estimated by empirical-based prediction equations typically adopted in Italy.
In order to explain these anomalies, we
(1) build up a structural and geophysical 3-D digital model of the crustal sector
involved in the sequence,
(2) reproduce the earthquake ground motion at some seismological stations through
physics-based numerical simulations and
(3) compare the observed recordings with the simulated ones.
In this way, we investigate how the earthquake ground motion in the epicentral area is
influenced by local stratigraphy and geological structure buried under the Po Plain alluvium.
Our study area covers approximately 5000 km2 and extends from the right Po River bank to the
Northern Apennine morphological margin in the N–S direction, and between the two chief towns of
Reggio Emilia and Ferrara in the W–E direction, involving a crustal volume of 20 km thickness.
We set up the 3-D model by using already-published geological and geophysical data,
with details corresponding to a map at scale of 1:250 000.
The model depicts the stratigraphic and tectonic relationships of the main geological formations,
the known faults and the spatial pattern of the seismic properties.
Being a digital vector structure, the 3-D model can be easily modified or refined locally
for future improvements or applications.
We exploit high-performance computing to perform numerical simulations
of the seismic wave propagation in the frequency range up to 2 Hz.
In order to get rid of the finite source effects and validate the model response,
we choose to reproduce the ground motion related to two moderate-size aftershocks of the
2012 Emilia sequence that were recorded by a large number of stations.
The obtained solutions compare very well to the recordings available at about 30 stations
in terms of peak ground velocity and signal duration. Snapshots of the simulated wavefield
allow us to attribute the exceptional length of the observed ground motion
to surface wave overtones that are excited in the alluvial basin
by the buried ridge of the Mirandola anticline.
Physics-based simulations using realistic 3-D geomodels show eventually to be
effective for assessing the local seismic response and the seismic hazard in
geologically complex areas.
La réalisation du droit à la santé des Inuits à travers la mise en oeuvre des ententes sur les répercussions et les avantages : le cas de l’Entente Raglan et des communautés de Salluit et de Kangiqsujuaq
Authors: Archambault-Laliberté Marianne 
Published: June 2019

Comment les ententes sur les répercussions et les avantages (ERA) peuvent-elles contribuer à la réalisation du droit à la santé des populations signataires ? Par leurs vastes champs d’application, les ERA constituent des véhicules propices au renforcement des droits de la personne. Souvent employées comme outil de développement économique, peu d’entre elles mettent cependant explicitement l’accent sur l’amélioration du bien-être des communautés. Bien que les parties prenantes autochtones soient fréquemment d’accord pour que les questions de santé et de bien-être soient abordées, la structure des négociations semble empêcher cette prise en considération. De fait, outre qu’elles sont difficilement quantifiables, les retombées de mesures ayant pout objet le renforcement de la santé ne sont que rarement observables à court terme, ce qui les distingue des mesures de nature proprement économique. À travers l’analyse des clauses de l’Entente Raglan et la lecture des impacts de cette dernière sur le bien-être des communautés de Salluit et de Kangiqsujuaq, l’auteure met en évidence les retombées positives et négatives de cette ERA sur la réalisation du droit à la santé des deux populations inuites visées. Elle apporte ainsi un éclairage sur la manière dont les ERA pourraient être utilisées au réel bénéfice sociosanitaire des communautés signataires.
Comparison of soil bacterial community and functional characteristics following afforestation in the semi-arid areas
Authors: Deng Jiaojiao , Zhang Yan , Yin You , Zhu Xu , Zhu Wenxu , Zhou Yongbin 
Published: June 2019

Changes in soil bacterial communities, which are crucial for the assessment of ecological restoration in Chinese plantations, have never been studied in the “Three North Shelterbelt” project in the semi-arid areas. We used high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rDNA gene to investigate the soil bacterial community diversity, structure, and functional characteristics in three plantation forests, including Populus × canadensis Moench (PC), Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica (PS), and Pinus tabuliformis (PT). In addition, soil environment factors were measured. There were distinct differences in soil characteristics among different plantation forests. Compared to PS and PT, PC had a higher soil pH, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and available P, as well as a lower C/N ratio. Furthermore, afforestation with different tree species significantly altered the abundance of Proteobacteria, and Chloroflexi in the soil, and its influence on the bacterial diversity indices. The bacterial community compositions and functional groups related to C and N cycling from PS, and PT were grouped tightly, indicating that the soil bacterial phylogenetic distance of PS and PT were closer than that between PS plus PT and PC. Our results implied that the soil characteristics, as well as the diversity, compositions and functions related to C and N cycling of soil bacterial community obviously differed from the following afforestation, especially between PC and PS plus PT, which in turn enormously established the correlation between the soil microbial community characteristics and the afforestation tree species.
Cramér-Rao Bound of Direction Finding Using a Uniform Hexagonal Array
Authors: Ndiritu Grace Wakarima , Kitavi Dominic Makaa , Ngari Cyrus Gitonga 
Published: June 2019

Direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation is a key area of sensor array processing which is encountered in many important engineering applications. Although various studies have focused on the uniform hexagonal array for direction finding, there is a scanty use of the uniform hexagonal array in conjunction with Cramer-Rao bound for direction finding estimation. The advantage of Cramér- Rao bound based on the uniform hexagonal array: overcome the problem of unwanted radiation in undesired directions. In this paper, the direction-of-arrival estimation of Cramér-Rao bound based on the uniform hexagonal array was studied. The proposed approach concentrated on deriving the array manifold vector for the uniform hexagonal array and Cramer-Rao bound of the uniform hexagonal array. The Cramér-Rao bound based on the uniform hexagonal array was compared with Cramer-Rao bound based on the uniform circular array. The conclusions are as follows. The Cramer-Rao bound of uniform hexagonal array decreases with an increase in the number of sensors. The comparison between the uniform hexagonal array and uniform circular array shows that the Cramér-Rao bound of the uniform hexagonal array was slightly higher as compared to the Cramér-Rao bound of the uniform circular array. The analytical results are supported by graphical representation.
Comparative analysis of CDR3 regions in paired human αβ CD8 T cells
Authors: Yu Kun , Shi Ji , Lu Dan , Yang Qiong 
Published: June 2019

The majority of human CD8 cytotoxic T lymphocytes express αβ T‐cell receptors that recognize peptide–MHC class I complexes. Considerable attention has been devoted to TCR β repertoires, but study of TCR α chains has been limited. To gain a better understanding of the features of CDR3α and CDR3β in paired samples, we comprehensively analyzed 776 unique paired αβ TCR CDR3 regions in this study. We found that (I) the CDR3 length among paired αβ TCRs had a fairly narrow distribution due to random assortment of CDR3 length in alpha and beta chains; (II) nucleotide deletions among CDR3 regions were positively correlated with insertions in both α and β TCRs; (III) the CDR3 loops of both α and β chains contained an abundance of charged/polar residues and the CDR3 base regions contained a conserved motif; and (IV) the occurrence of Gly was CDR3 length‐ and position‐dependent in both chains, whereas the frequency of Ser at positions 106 and 107 was positively correlated with CDR3 length in TCR β. Overall, the amino acids in CDR3 loop regions were significantly different between TCR α and β, which suggests a distinct role for each chain in the recognition of antigen–MHC complexes. Here, we have provided detailed information on CDR3 in paired TCRs expressed on human CD8+ T cells and established the basis of a reference set for αβ TCR repertoires in healthy humans.
Megacity Skeleton
Authors: Amemiya Tomohiko , Okabe Akiko , Suzuki Akira , Ellisa Evawani , Hery Fuad Achmad 
Published: June 2019

Abstract“Megacity Skeleton” is a housing prototype project aimed at improving the urban living environment. The project site is located at Kampong Cikini, a high‐density informal settlement situated in the center of Jakarta Megacity. Although this kind of area is always at risk of slum clearance owing to its poor hygiene and environmental conditions, it has fostered attractive lifestyles with a low global environmental load and rich co‐help systems among the intimate community over time. Our challenge is to propose a new approach to sustain urban regeneration through a series of micro architectural interventions respecting the existing urban structure and social capital. The proposed architecture “Megacity Skeleton” is clearly constituted by the skeleton and the skin. This concept ensures the future basic living environment by controlling the “possibility” and “impossibility” of DIY construction by residents.
Effects of antiepileptic drugs in a new TSC/mTOR‐dependent epilepsy mouse model
Authors: Koene Linda M. C. , van Grondelle Saskia E. , Proietti Onori Martina , Wallaard Ilse , Kooijman Nathalie H. R. M. , van Oort Annabel , Schreiber Jadwiga , Elgersma Ype 
Published: June 2019

AbstractObjectiveAn epilepsy mouse model for Tuberous Sclerosis Complex (TSC) was developed and validated to investigate the mechanisms underlying epileptogenesis. Furthermore, the possible antiepileptogenic properties of commonly used antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) and new compounds were assessed.MethodsTsc1 deletion was induced in CAMK2A‐expressing neurons of adult mice. The antiepileptogenic properties of commonly used AEDs and inhibitors of the mTOR pathways were assessed by EEG recordings and by molecular read outs.ResultsMice developed epilepsy in a narrow time window (10 ± 2 days) upon Tsc1 gene deletion. Seizure frequency but not duration increased over time. Seizures were lethal within 18 days, were unpredictable, and did not correlate to seizure onset, length or frequency, reminiscent of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP). Tsc1 gene deletion resulted in a strong activation of the mTORC1 pathway, and both epileptogenesis and lethality could be entirely prevented by RHEB1 gene deletion or rapamycin treatment. However, other inhibitors of the mTOR pathway such as AZD8055 and PF4708671 were ineffective. Except for ketogenic diet, none of commonly used AEDs showed an effect on mTORC1 activity. Vigabatrin and ketogenic diet treatment were able to significantly delay seizure onset. In contrast, survival was shortened by lamotrigine.InterpretationThis novel Tsc1 mouse model is highly suitable to assess the efficacy of antiepileptic and ‐epileptogenic drugs to treat mTORC1‐dependent epilepsy. Additionally, it allows us to study the mechanisms underlying mTORC1‐mediated epileptogenesis and SUDEP. We found that early treatment with vigabatrin was not able to prevent epilepsy, but significantly delayed seizure onset.
Efficacy and Safety of Long‐Term Baricitinib With and Without Methotrexate for the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis: Experience With Baricitinib Monotherapy Continuation or After Switching From Methotrexate Monotherapy or Baricitinib Plus Methotrexate
Authors: Fleischmann Roy , Takeuchi Tsutomu , Schiff Michael , Schlichting Douglas , Xie Li , Issa Maher , Stoykov Ivaylo , Lisse Jeffrey , Martinez‐Osuna Pindaro , Rooney Terence , Zerbini Cristiano A. F. 
Published: June 2019

ObjectiveTo evaluate the long‐term efficacy and safety of maintaining baricitinib monotherapy in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) originally treated with baricitinib monotherapy or switched from methotrexate (MTX) or the combination of baricitinib plus MTX to baricitinib monotherapy.MethodsThis is a post hoc analysis of patients from the RA‐BEGIN study who entered a long‐term extension, RA‐BEYOND, and were assessed for up to 24 weeks. In RA‐BEGIN, MTX‐naive patients with early active RA were randomized to MTX monotherapy, baricitinib 4 mg monotherapy, or baricitinib 4 mg plus MTX. At week 52, all patients entering RA‐BEYOND received baricitinib 4 mg monotherapy. MTX could be prescribed during RA‐BEYOND at the investigator's discretion.ResultsPatients in RA‐BEYOND who were not rescued in RA‐BEGIN (n = 423) were evaluated. Of these, 47% continued baricitinib monotherapy and 53% added MTX, with similar proportions from the 3 original arms. Patients with lower disease activity at the RA‐BEYOND baseline generally continued to do well with baricitinib monotherapy as assessed by the Simplified Disease Activity Index, the Clinical Disease Activity Index, and the Health Assessment Questionnaire disability index scores. Patients prescribed MTX had higher disease activity at the RA‐BEYOND baseline and had improved disease activity after the addition of MTX. Safety outcomes were similar across treatment groups.ConclusionMany patients responded well to continued baricitinib monotherapy or to switching to baricitinib monotherapy from MTX monotherapy or baricitinib plus MTX, showing sustained or improved disease control. The groups of patients who had less disease control on their original therapies showed sustained or improved disease control with the addition of MTX to baricitinib.
Longitudinal Trajectories of Pain and Function Improvement Following Total Knee Replacement
Authors: Yang Heidi Y. , Losina Elena , Lange Jeffrey K. , Katz Jeffrey N. , Collins Jamie E. 
Published: June 2019

ObjectiveUp to 30% of patients experience persistent pain and functional limitations following total knee replacement (TKR). Rapid symptom relief in the early postoperative period may be linked to longer‐term outcome improvements. We sought to identify early improvement trajectories and to identify risk factors for suboptimal outcomes.MethodsWe used data from the Adding Value in Knee Arthroplasty (AViKA) Cohort study, a prospective longitudinal study of patients with knee osteoarthritis who underwent TKR. We assessed pain and function using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC). We used group‐based trajectory modeling to identify distinct patterns of pain and function improvement over 6 months. We assessed the association between these early improvement trajectories and 24‐month outcomes, including pain, function, and satisfaction.ResultsWe analyzed data from 107 subjects. Mean baseline WOMAC pain and function scores were 42 (SD 17) and 44 (SD 15), respectively (0‐100; 100 = worst). We identified two pain‐improvement trajectories (suboptimal vs optimal improvement) and two function‐improvement trajectories (suboptimal vs optimal improvement). Greater pain catastrophizing, worse mental health status, and use of a supportive device prior to TKR were associated with being in a suboptimal trajectory. Recipients of TKR in the suboptimal trajectories had higher pain, high functional disability, and lower satisfaction at 24 months post‐TKR.ConclusionPatients with slower improvement over the first 6 months post‐TKR had worse outcomes at 24 months, suggesting that this early postoperative period may represent a window during which interventions aimed at speeding recovery may improve long‐term TKR outcomes.