bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Environmental Atmosphere on the Performance of Contact–Separation Mode TENG
Authors: Han Kai , Tang Wei , Chen Jian , Luo Jianjun , Xu Liang , Wang Zhong Lin 
Published: December 2018

AbstractWith great potential applications, triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG), is widely studied from various aspects, while systematic investigations about the effects of environmental atmosphere on its performance remain to be carried out. Here, a test system based on a piston‐structured TENG and one‐way valve gas line is built, employing the contact–separation mode. A series of tests about short‐circuit transfer charges (QSC) and open‐circuit voltage (VOC) are studied among three kinds of dielectric materials (PTFE, Kapton, PET), in five pure gases (N2, O2, CO2, Ar, He). At a static gas flow rate of 3 L min−1 or static gas pressure of 6 kPa above 1 atm, multicycle statistics demonstrate that TENGs achieve the highest performance in CO2 and the lowest in He. Meanwhile, Kapton‐based TENG shows the greatest disparity in different atmosphere, followed by PET‐based TENG, and PTFE‐based TENG. A microscale discharge mechanism is introduced to explain all the above. Moreover, a negative linear relationship between QSC and the static gas pressure above 1 atm is found. This study is an important reference for a high‐performance TENG configuration and device packaging in the future.
Construction of FeP Hollow Nanoparticles Densely Encapsulated in Carbon Nanosheet Frameworks for Efficient and Durable Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Production
Authors: Ma Fei‐Xiang , Xu Cheng‐Yan , Lyu Fucong , Song Bo , Sun Shu‐Chao , Li Yang Yang , Lu Jian , Zhen Liang 
Published: December 2018

AbstractDeveloping noble‐metal‐free based electrocatalysts with high activity, good stability, and low cost is critical for large‐scale hydrogen production via water splitting. In this work, hollow FeP nanoparticles densely encapsulated in carbon nanosheet frameworks (donated as hollow FeP/C nanosheets), in situ converted from Fe‐glycolate precursor nanosheets through carbonization and subsequent phosphorization, are designed and synthesized as an advanced electrocatalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction. FeP hollow nanoparticles are transformed from intermediate Fe3O4 nanoparticles through the nanoscale Kirkendall effect. The two‐dimensional architecture, densely embedding FeP hollow nanoparticles, provides abundant accessible active sites and short electron and ion pathways. The in situ generated carbon nanosheet frameworks can not only offer a conductive network but also protect the active FeP from oxidation. As a result, hollow FeP/C nanosheets exhibit excellent electrocatalytic performance for the hydrogen evolution reaction in 0.5 m H2SO4 with a quite low overpotential of 51.1 mV at 10 mA cm−2, small Tafel slope of 41.7 mV dec−1, and remarkable long‐term stability. The study highlights the in situ synthesis of two‐dimensional metal phosphide/C nanocomposites with highly porous features for advanced energy storage and conversion.
Azetidine‐Containing Alkaloids Produced by a Quorum‐Sensing Regulated Nonribosomal Peptide Synthetase Pathway in Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Hong Zhilai , Bolard Arnaud , Giraud Caroline , Prévost Sébastien , Genta‐Jouve Grégory , Deregnaucourt Christiane , Häussler Susanne , Jeannot Katy , Li Yanyan 
Published: December 2018

AbstractPseudomonas aeruginosa displays an impressive metabolic versatility, which ensures its survival in diverse environments. Reported herein is the identification of rare azetidine‐containing alkaloids from P. aeruginosa PAO1, termed azetidomonamides, which are derived from a conserved, quorum‐sensing regulated nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) pathway. Biosynthesis of the azetidine motif has been elucidated by gene inactivation, feeding experiments, and biochemical characterization in vitro, which involves a new S‐adenosylmethionine‐dependent enzyme to produce azetidine 2‐carboxylic acid as an unusual building block of NRPS. The mutants of P. aeruginosa unable to produce azetidomonamides had an advantage in growth at high cell density in vitro and displayed rapid virulence in Galleria mellonella model, inferring functional roles of azetidomonamides in the host adaptation. This work opens the avenue to study the biological functions of azetidomonamides and related compounds in pathogenic and environmental bacteria.
Amidyl Radical Directed Remote Allylation of Unactivated sp3 C−H Bonds by Organic Photoredox Catalysis
Authors: Wu Kui , Wang Lushun , Colón‐Rodríguez Sonivette , Flechsig Gerd‐Uwe , Wang Ting 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe development of visible‐light‐mediated allylation of unactivated sp3 C−H bonds is reported. The remote allylation was directed by the amidyl radical, which was generated by photocatalytic fragmentation of a pre‐functionalized amide precursor. Both aromatic and aliphatic amide derivatives could successfully deliver the remote C−H allylation products in good yields. A variety of electron deficient allyl sulfone systems could be used as δ‐carbon radical acceptor.
Structure‐cytotoxicity relationship for apoptotic inducers organotin(IV) derivatives of mandelic acid and L‐proline and their mixed ligand complexes having enhanced cytotoxicity
Authors: Nath Mala , Roy Partha , Mishra Rutusmita , Thakur Mridula 
Published: December 2018

Structure‐cytotoxicity relationship of di−/tri‐organotin(IV) derivatives of mandelic acid (1–4), L‐proline (5–7, 15, 16), and mixed ligand complexes of latter with 1,10‐phenanthroline (8–14) investigated on the basis of MTT assay against human cancer cell lines, viz. MCF‐7 (mammary cancer), HepG2 (liver cancer) and PC‐3 (prostate cancer) in vitro indicated that all complexes except methyl‐ and octyl‐ analogues displayed potential cytotoxicity. The most active one is dibutyltin(IV) mandelate (2) exhibiting IC50 2.03 ± 0.40, 0.98 ± 0.23 and 3.86 ± 1.68 μM against MCF‐7, HepG2 and PC‐3, respectively, which is ≈ 15 and 2.5 times against MCF‐7, 20 and 5 times against HepG2 and 5 and ≈ 3 times against PC‐3 more cytotoxic than cis‐platin and 5‐fluorouracil, respectively. Diorganotin(IV) derivatives of mandelic acid are more cytotoxic than triorganotin analogues. Organotin(IV) derivatives of L‐proline (except Bu3Sn(Pro) 16) are less cytotoxic than those of mandelic acid but their cytotoxicity is enhanced by complexion with 1,10‐phenanthroline. This may be due to the structural planarity and extended π system of 1,10‐phenanthroline which facilitates their transportation across the cell membrane and enhances the possibility of DNA intercalation over the planar L‐proline ring, and eventually, their DNA binding affinity so as to interfere with the cellular functions of DNA leading to apoptosis. Various biophysical experiments such as DNA fragmentation, acridine orange and comet assays, and flow cytometry assay using annexin V–fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) and propidium iodide (PI) have been carried out in order to ascertain their mode of action. The observed results indicated that the major cause of cancer cell death is apoptosis, but a minor role played by necrosis cannot be excluded. It is concluded on the basis of the observed results that the nature and number of organic groups bonded to tin as well as the nature of counter anions play an important role in determining the cytotoxicity of organotin(IV) compounds.
Copolymerization reactions of butadiene monoxide with 3‐glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and styrene oxide and their glycol derivatives
Authors: Kayan Asgar 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACTCopolymerization reactions of butadiene oxide (BuO) with 3‐glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTS) and styrene oxide (SO) were carried out under solvent free condition by potassium hydroxide catalyst. Copolymers obtained from ring opening polymerization of BuO with GPTS and SO were characterized by 1H‐NMR, 13C‐NMR, FTIR, DSC, and gel permeation chromatography. High‐resolution NMR analysis was particularly effective in the study of copolymers microstructures and revealed the structural and sequence details. Block copolymers were formed because of different polymerization velocity of monomers. Average molecular weights of copolymers were between 1500–13 000 Da and polydispersity index of copolymers is rather low (Mw/Mn = 1.17–1.36). Copolymers were hydrolyzed by 1.0 M tetrapropylammonium hydroxide to form copolyglycol having adhesive and fiber characteristics. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47074.
Advances in genotyping microsatellite markers through sequencing and consequences of scoring methods for Ceratonia siliqua (Leguminosae)
Authors: Viruel Juan , Haguenauer Anne , Juin Marianick , Mirleau Fatma , Bouteiller Delphine , Boudagher‐Kharrat Magda , Ouahmane Lahcen , La Malfa Stefano , Médail Frédéric , Sanguin Hervé , Nieto Feliner Gonzalo , Baumel Alex 
Published: December 2018

Premise of the StudySimple sequence repeat (SSR) or microsatellite markers have been used in a broad range of studies mostly scoring alleles on the basis of amplicon size as a proxy for the number of repeat units of an SSR motif. However, additional sources of variation within the SSR or in the flanking regions have largely remained undetected.MethodsIn this study, we implemented a next‐generation sequencing–based genotyping approach in a newly characterized set of 18 nuclear SSR markers for the carob tree, Ceratonia siliqua. Our aim was to evaluate the effect of three different methods of scoring molecular variation present within microsatellite markers on the genetic diversity and structure results.ResultsThe analysis of the sequences of 77 multilocus genotypes from four populations revealed SSR variation and additional sources of polymorphism in 87% of the loci analyzed (42 single‐nucleotide polymorphisms and five insertion/deletion polymorphisms), as well as divergent paralog copies in two loci. Ignoring sequence variation under standard amplicon size genotyping resulted in incorrect identification of 69% of the alleles, with important effects on the genetic diversity and structure estimates.DiscussionNext‐generation sequencing allows the detection and scoring of SSRs, single‐nucleotide polymorphisms, and insertion/deletion polymorphisms to increase the resolution of population genetic studies.
Scan and Learn: Quick Response Code Enabled Museum for Mobile Learning of Anatomy and Pathology
Authors: Mogali Sreenivasulu Reddy , Vallabhajosyula Ranganath , Ng Chee Hon , Lim Darren , Ang Eng Tat , Abrahams Peter 
Published: December 2018

In the past, medical museums played a significant role in anatomy and pathology training. The attraction of medical museums has declined recently due to the emergence of information technology and innovative medical curricula. An innovative mobile learning platform has been developed using quick response (QR) codes for the museum specimens at the Lee Kong Chain School of Medicine, Singapore. High‐quality images of the potted specimens were captured and combined into an album and a video using Adobe Acrobat Pro 9 and Windows Movie Maker, respectively. Subsequently, QR codes were generated linking to PDF documents with annotations, pathology, and clinical history concerning the specimens. Quick response codes were piloted in gastrointestinal teaching module for Year 2 medical students. Survey responses were obtained from students to verify the efficacy of QR as a learning tool. The majority of students either agreed or strongly agreed that it was easy to access the information about the specimen with QR codes (4.47 ± 0.84), while 96% of students agreed that they are able to correlate the specimen with the annotated images (4.56 ± 0.56). The majority of students (78%) agreed that QR codes are useful for their learning (4.22 ± 0.87), while 75% of students felt QR codes motivate them to visit Anatomy Resource Centre. Most of the students agreed that QR codes are useful for revision of materials (4.13 ± 1.07) and independent learning (4.38 ± 0.87). These findings suggest that QR codes are not only effective for students learning but also enhance their exploration experience with the museum specimens.
Sanierung der Hyparschale Magdeburg
Authors: Hentschel Manuel , Schumann Alexander , Ulrich Heinz , Jentzsch Stefan 
Published: December 2018

AbstractDie Hyparschale in Magdeburg war jahrelang eines der prägenden Beispiele für Schalenbauten in Deutschland. Das von Ulrich Müther im Jahre 1969 errichtete Bauwerk war über Jahrzehnte eines der größten Schalenbauwerke in Deutschland und somit eines der Wahrzeichen in Magdeburg und wurde 1990 in die Denkmalliste aufgenommen. Im Laufe der Zeit traten jedoch erhebliche Mängel und Abnutzungserscheinungen auf, weshalb das Gebäude 1997 gesperrt wurde. Um einen Abriss des einzigartigen Schalentragwerks zu verhindern, wurde jahrelang nach einer geeigneten Sanierungs‐ und Instandsetzungsvariante für die filigrane Tragstruktur gesucht. Im Zuge dessen stellte sich heraus, dass lediglich eine Sanierung mit der Carbonbeton‐Technologie für diesen Anwendungsfall infrage kommen kann, um das Tragwerk vor dem Abriss zu schützen. Das Schalenbauwerk wird mit einer 10 mm dünnen Carbonbetonschicht auf der Ober‐ und Unterseite verstärkt, sodass die historische Tragstruktur nichts an ihrer Filigranität einbüßt. Die Planungen der Sanierung des Schalentragwerks sind weitgehend abgeschlossen und die Bauausführung für das Frühjahr 2019 vorgesehen.
Befestigungen jenseits von Zulassungen
Authors: Knab Franz , Antretter Franz 
Published: December 2018

AbstractDer in Deutschland bauaufsichtlich geforderte Eignungsnachweis für Befestigungen und Befestigungsmittel erfolgt über nationale und europäische Zulassungs‐ und Bewertungsdokumente. Sofern diese einen geplanten Anwendungsfall nicht abdecken, muss eine Zustimmung im Einzelfall (ZiE) oder eine vorhabenbezogene Bauartgenehmigung (vBg) erwirkt werden.Der vorliegende Aufsatz gibt einen Überblick über bauaufsichtliche Hintergründe zu den Themen „Befestigungen/Befestigungsmittel nach Zulassung/Bewertung“ und „Erfordernis und Erwirken einer ZiE oder vBg“.Für beurteilende Ingenieure werden neben einer Zusammenstellung wesentlicher zu behandelnder Themen und dazugehöriger Informationsquellen Hinweise für die Durchführung und Auswertung von In‐situ‐Versuchen gegeben und Erfahrungen zu typischen Problemen im Projektablauf geschildert. Abschließend folgt eine kurze Zusammenstellung verschiedener Fallbeispiele.
Estimating marginal proportions and intraclass correlations with clustered binary data
Authors: Carrasco Josep L. , Pan Yi , Abellana Rosa 
Published: December 2018

AbstractA logistic regression with random effects model is commonly applied to analyze clustered binary data, and every cluster is assumed to have a different proportion of success. However, it could be of interest to obtain the proportion of success over clusters (i.e. the marginal proportion of success). Furthermore, the degree of correlation among data of the same cluster (intraclass correlation) is also a relevant concept to assess, but when using logistic regression with random effects it is not possible to get an analytical expression of the estimators for marginal proportion and intraclass correlation. In our paper, we assess and compare approaches using different kinds of approximations: based on the logistic‐normal mixed effects model (LN), linear mixed model (LMM), and generalized estimating equations (GEE). The comparisons are completed by using two real data examples and a simulation study. The results show the performance of the approaches strongly depends on the magnitude of the marginal proportion, the intraclass correlation, and the sample size. In general, the reliability of the approaches get worsen with low marginal proportion and large intraclass correlation. LMM and GEE approaches arises as reliable approaches when the sample size is large.
Spectrofluorimetric determination of eptifibatide in human plasma and dosage form
Authors: Elzanfaly Eman Saad , Amer Enas Abdel Hakim , Galal Sara Abdel Basset , Zaazaa Hala Elsayed 
Published: December 2018

AbstractA spectrofluorimetric method for the determination of eptifibatide is presented based on its native fluorescence. The type of solvent and the wavelength of maximum excitation and emission were carefully selected to optimize the experimental conditions. Under the specified experimental conditions, the linearities obtained between the emission intensity and the corresponding concentrations of eptifibatide were in the range 0.1–2.5 μg/ml for the calibration curve constructed for direct determination of eptifibatide in dosage form and 0.05–2.2 μg/ml for the calibration curve constructed in spiked human plasma with a good correlation coefficient (r > 0.99). The lower limit of quantification for the calibration curve constructed in human plasma was 0.05 μg/ml. Recovery results for eptifibatide in spiked plasma samples and in dosage form, represented as mean ± % RSD, were 95.17 ± 1.94 and 100.29 ± 1.33 respectively. The suggested procedures were validated according to the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines for the direct determination of eptifibatide in its pure form and dosage form and United States Food and Drug Administration (US FDA) Guidance for Industry, Bioanalytical Method Validation for the assay of eptifibatide in human plasma.
Sustainable development and research and development intensity in U.S. manufacturing firms
Authors: Kabongo Jean D. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAcross manufacturing sectors, mounting regulatory pressures motivate the adoption of innovative sustainable practices to help address and improve environmental performance. Sustainable practices, however, face many challenges to minimize negative environmental impacts while conserving energy and natural resources. This study seeks to understand the effect of research and development intensity on dimensions of environmental performance in manufacturing firms. Using data from U.S. corporations over the period from 1991 through 2015, we find that sustainable practices are associated with a higher level of negative environmental ratings. In addition, the level of environmental concerns tends to decrease with firm investments in research and development intensity over time. These findings suggest that bigger firms are likely to report a higher level of environmental concerns due to their experimentation with sustainable practices. These firms are also likely to reduce negative environmental ratings over time and realize economies of scale with sustainable manufacturing.
Eltrombopag in long‐term management of pediatric thrombocytopenia
Authors: Shah Sanjay J. , Etzl Michael M. 
Published: December 2018

Key Clinical MessageEltrombopag is a thrombopoietin receptor agonist that may be effective in a broad range of thrombocytopenias of distinct etiology. We have observed rapid, robust, and sustained responses to eltrombopag in two young patients with refractory thrombocytopenia, one with primary immune thrombocytopenia and the other with Evans syndrome.
Microwave Transparent Catalytic Falling‐Film Microreactor for Automated Operation
Authors: Krtschil Ulrich , Löb Patrick , Schütt Christian , Zapf Ralf , James Rachel , Bonrath Werner , Medlock Jonathan 
Published: December 2018

AbstractFalling‐film microreactors at different scales were developed to study heterogeneously catalyzed gas‐liquid reactions under microwave irradiation, as part of the EU FP7 project MAPSYN. At pilot scale, this device formed the core part of a fully automated demonstration plant which was used for semi‐hydrogenation reactions at an industrial site. The microchannels of the reaction plate were coated with novel selective catalysts. A special fiber‐optical sensor applicable under microwave irradiation and needed for controlling the liquid level in the sump via the flow rate of the discharge pump was developed and electrically connected with the automation system.
Preparation of a New Friedländer Synthon, 2,3‐Diaminobenzene‐1,4‐dicarbaldehyde, and Its Application towards Synthesis of 1,10‐Phenanthrolines and Related Cyclophane
Authors: Lu Yang , Jahng Yurngdong 
Published: December 2018

Summary of main observation and conclusionA new Friedländer synthon, 2,3‐diaminobenzene‐1,4‐dicarbaldehyde, was prepared from p‐xylene in 4 steps, of which the Friedländer reaction with acetaldehyde and acetone in a Schulenk bottle afforded 1,10‐phenathroline and neocuprine in 44% and 82% yield, respectively. The scope of the Friedländer reactions of 2,3‐diaminobenzene‐1,4‐dicarbaldehyde, including the synthesis of hexaazacyclic cyclophane with 1,10‐phenanthroline and pyridine units, was described
Predictive value of oncogenic driver subtype, programmed death‐1 ligand (PD‐L1) score, and smoking status on the efficacy of PD‐1/PD‐L1 inhibitors in patients with oncogene‐driven non–small cell lung cancer
Authors: Ng Terry L. , Liu Yiwei , Dimou Anastasios , Patil Tejas , Aisner Dara L. , Dong Zhengwei , Jiang Tao , Su Chunxia , Wu Chunyan , Ren Shengxiang , Zhou Caicun , Camidge D. Ross 
Published: December 2018

BackgroundThis multicenter, retrospective study explored the value of oncogene driver subtype, programmed death‐1 ligand (PD‐L1) status, and smoking status for predicting which patients with oncogene‐driven non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) would benefit from treatment with programmed death‐1 (PD‐1)/PD‐L1 inhibitors.MethodsThe clinical features, PD‐L1 tumor proportion scores, and PD‐1/PD‐L1 inhibitor (PDi) outcomes (objective response rate and progression‐free survival) of patients who had advanced NSCLC with Kirsten rat sarcoma 2 viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) mutations or common, actionable oncogenic drivers were captured.ResultsIn total, 189 oncogene‐positive patients were analyzed. Of these, 104 received a PDi, and 108 had undergone prior PD‐L1 testing. The frequency of PD‐L1 positivity (≥1%) was higher in patients who had KRAS mutations (P = .031), smokers (P = .006), and non‐Asian patients (P = .002). Multivariable analysis indicated that smoking status (P < .001) was the only factor associated significantly with KRAS mutation. The objective response rate to PDi treatment was 16.9% (11 of 65 patients) among smokers (17.3% in the KRAS‐mutant and 15.4% in the non‐KRAS–mutant smoker subgroups), which was significantly higher than the 0% rate (0 of 26 patients; P = .019) among never‐smokers. In subgroup analyses, progression‐free survival was influenced by KRAS mutation status (median, 4.57 vs 1.63 months; P = .004), smoking status (4.07 vs 1.73 months; P = .004), PD‐L1 positivity (3.8 vs 1.2 months; P = .040), and non‐Asian race (3.0 vs 1.97 months; P = .046). In multivariable analysis, only smoking status (P = .008) remained a significant predictor when a PD‐L1 level ≥1% was used. However, both smoking status (P = .001) and PD‐L1 status (P = .028) were independent predictors when a PD‐L1 level ≥50% was used.ConclusionsAmong associated clinical features among patients who have NSCLC with oncogenic drivers, smoking status potentially was the most important, easily available predictor of single PDi efficacy.